bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermische Vorspannung nachträglich ergänzter Bewehrung – experimentelle Umsetzung an Balken
Authors: Schwarz Yannik , Sanio David , Mark Peter 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIm Beitrag wird ein Verfahren zur eigengewichtswirksamen Biegeverstärkung statisch bestimmter Stahlbetontragwerke mittels thermisch vorgespannter Zusatzbewehrung vorgestellt. Die in die Zugzone eingeschlitzten und in ein Verfüllmaterial eingebetteten Stäbe werden hierbei gezielt von außen temperiert und damit thermisch gedehnt. Nach dem Stoppen der Wärmezufuhr und dem damit verbundenen Abkühlen verhindert die Verbundwirkung mit dem zwischenzeitlich erhärteten Verfüllmaterial die Rückverformung der Stäbe. Die daraus resultierende Vorspannkraft wirkt der Belastung aus dem Eigengewicht entgegen und entlastet den Bestandsquerschnitt. Damit sind die ergänzten Stäbe für das Eigengewicht wirksam. Der Beitrag zeigt die experimentelle Umsetzung der Verstärkungsmethode an unbelasteten Balken mit messtechnischer Erfassung der Vorspannwirkung sowie Validierung eines für die Verstärkungsmethode hergeleiteten analytischen Berechnungsmodells. Konkurrierend werden Schlitzbreiten von 8 cm und 10 cm bei ansonsten gleichen Randbedingungen untersucht. Zudem werden die wesentlichen Einflussgrößen auf die Wirksamkeit der thermischen Vorspannung diskutiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen die Umsetzbarkeit der thermischen Vorspannung nachträglich ergänzter Bewehrungsstäbe. Es wird eine Vordehnung der ergänzten Stäbe von ca. 0,5 ‰ erreicht. Die gemessene Vorspannwirkung übersteigt dabei sogar das Ergebnis analytischer Berechnungen. Dies ist auf eine zusätzliche Vorspannwirkung des ebenfalls thermisch gedehnten Verfüllmaterials zurückzuführen. Mit größerer Schlitzbreite und damit einer größeren temperierten Fläche reduziert sich infolge des Durchwärmens des Initialquerschnitts die Wirksamkeit der Verstärkung. Zudem reduziert Verbundkriechen die Vorspannwirkung, während das Schwinden des Verfüllmaterials diese sogar steigen lässt.
Ultrastable Gel Polymer Lithium Metal Batteries With Novel Nitro‐Substituted Hexafluoride SEI‐Forming Additive
Authors: Zhang Shuoning , Wang Zichen , Yu Yinuo , Qin Shengyu , Ren Yunxiao , Chen Jiajun , Liu Jiale , Zhang Lanying , Hu Wei , Yang Huai 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTEmploying functional additives can facilitate the formation of stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), which has emerged as a promising strategy to improve the electrochemical properties of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Typical SEI containing inorganic components, such as lithium fluoride (LiF) and lithium nitride (LiNxOy and Li3N), have been confirmed to construct an ideal SEI for LMBs. Here, we designed and synthesized a novel molecule named BTFN to act as an SEI‐forming additive containing fluorine and nitro groups. The strong electron‐withdrawing effect greatly reduces the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy, facilitating its preferential decomposition during the SEI‐forming process. An SEI with rich LiF, LiNxOy, and Li3N forms after its preferential and complete decomposition, greatly enhancing stabilization and uniformity. The lifespan of symmetric LMBs with BTFN significantly increases more than 12 times under the same conditions; the Li/SPE/LFP full batteries cycle more than four times the contrast batteries with a capacity retention of 99.7%. This work provides some experiences and opinions for exploring complex SEI‐forming additives.
Adsorption and the subsequent desorption of lactic acid molecules on zirconium metal‐organic frameworks: An innovative and efficient approach for the recovery of the produced lactic acid from fermentation broth
Authors: Rahimi Mohammad Saeed , Esfahanian Mehri 
Published: February 2025

AbstractNowadays, biomass‐derived lactic acid serves as a significant foundational chemical in the pursuit of sustainable production of various materials. Nevertheless, the current fermentation process faces limitations due to the challenging retrieval of the lactic acid product from the fermentation broth, resulting in the production of gypsum waste in stoichiometric quantities. In this work, we demonstrate the efficacy of Zr‐UiO‐66 metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as effective adsorbents in the process of recovery of lactic acid from the fermentation broth. The MOF beads have been manufactured successfully and were applied to recover lactic acid from the solution and the experimental conditions were optimized. The results show that Zr‐UiO‐66 adsorbent has a good ability of up to 98.8% to adsorb the produced lactic acid from its fermentation broth at a pH value of 6.5, adsorbent (MOF) dosage of 0.625 g, an initial concentration of 15 mg/L, temperature of 298 K, within process time of 4 h. The data obtained from the adsorption process demonstrated a satisfactory fit with the Langmuir isotherm model (with a R2 of 0.958), kinetics (with a R2 of 0.970), and thermodynamic results, confirming the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the adsorption process. The regeneration experiment of the MOF beads showed that the adsorption efficiency of Zr‐UiO‐66 remained above 90% even after undergoing seven cycles.
Supercritical water injection into unconventional reservoirs: A comprehensive flow model of an injection well connected to a reservoir
Authors: Yusupov Roman , Turakhanov Aman , Mukhina Elena , Gorlanov Alexey , Cheremisin Alexander , Prochukhan Konstantin , Cheremisin Alexey 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSupercritical water injection (SCW) is a promising thermal method for enhancing oil recovery from hard‐to‐recover reservoirs. The success of this technique relies heavily on the downhole properties of the injected fluid, particularly under high‐pressure, high‐temperature conditions. In this study, a model of SCW flow through thermally insulated injection tubing, comprising both vertical and horizontal sections, is developed. An engineering code was created to simulate SCW injection, incorporating a simplified reservoir model in the horizontal section as a boundary condition, with reservoir injectivity determined iteratively based on wellhead pressure. Numerical examples illustrate the model's performance by examining the effects of varying injection system parameters. High‐precision correlations were employed to calculate fluid thermodynamic properties, enabling accurate simulations. Key factors such as initial SCW temperature, insulation thermal conductivity, and skin factor were analyzed to assess their impact on pressure, temperature, and specific enthalpy distributions along the tubing. The findings provide insights into optimizing SCW injection parameters, underscoring the potential of this approach for effective thermal recovery in unconventional reservoirs.
Towards a Model of Color Reproduction Difference
Authors: High Gregory , Nussbaum Peter , Green Phil 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIt is difficult to predict the visual difference between cross‐media color reproductions. Typically, visual difference occurs due to the limitations of each output medium's color gamut, the difference in substrate colors, and the gamut mapping operations used to transform the source material. However, for pictorial images the magnitude of the resulting visual difference is also somewhat content dependent. Previously, we created an interval scale of overall visual difference () by comparing gamut mapped images side‐by‐side on a variety of simulated output media. In this paper we use the preexisting visual difference data, together with the known source images, as well as information relating to the output gamuts, to create a model of color reproduction difference which is both output‐gamut and source‐image dependent. The model generalizes well for a range of images, and therefore performs better than mean as a predictor of visual difference. In addition, the inclusion of coefficients derived directly from the source images provides insight into the main drivers of the visual difference.
Voltage Control of Microgrid Inverter System Based on Improved Sliding Mode Control and Composite Nonlinear Feedback Control
Authors: Xing Zhengzheng , Xiu Chunbo , Xu Guowei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTo enhance the robustness of the microgrid inverter system in islanded operation mode and speed up the response of the system, a novel voltage control strategy based on improved sliding mode control (SMC) and composite nonlinear feedback control (CNFC) is proposed. This strategy is specifically designed for the microgrid disconnected from the public grid. To achieve a fast system response, an attenuation function is designed to adjust the strength between linear and nonlinear feedback terms in CNFC under different conditions. To improve the anti‐interference ability of the system and suppress the chattering phenomenon, an adaptive reaching law (ARL) is designed by constructing a variable power term and introducing a hyperbolic tangent function, and the convergence of the ARL is proved by the Lyapunov stability analysis method. Furthermore, a collaborative sliding surface is designed to combine the improved SMC and CNFC for regulating the voltage output of the microgrid inverter system. The simulation experiment results show that the ARL has a smaller control error than that of the commonly used sliding mode reaching law, introducing CNFC into SMC can significantly improve the convergence speed of the system, and the steady state performance of SM‐CNFC is also superior to SMC, CNFC, and super twisting SMC methods. Therefore, the novel voltage control strategy can effectively suppress voltage fluctuations caused by load variation and parameter perturbations in the microgrid inverter system and improve the power quality of the microgrid.
Fentanyl and Propofol Misuse: Hair Analysis Provides Significant Evidence in the Death of a Young Doctor
Authors: Burgueño M. José , Bueno José R. , Megía Carmen , Quintela Oscar , Velázquez Sergio , Bravo Begoña 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAn intern doctor was found dead at their home with several signs of venepuncture. A bottle of propofol and a filled syringe appeared at the scene. Their medical history recorded antidepressant treatment and a suicide attempt 1.5 years earlier by massive ingestion of venlafaxine and quetiapine. Toxicological investigation was requested to know previous history of drug use and to clarify the cause of death. A thorough chemical‐toxicological analysis of blood, urine, gastric contents, and syringe contents was performed by GC‐MS and LC‐Q‐TOF. A comprehensive qualitative screening of more than 500 drugs and toxins, as well as quantification of fentanyl, benzodiazepines, and propofol‐glucuronide, was carried out on three 3‐cm hair segments by LC‐MS/MS. A high concentration of fentanyl was found in blood (38 ng/mL), together with nordiazepam (167 ng/mL), propofol (< 500 ng/mL), venlafaxine (630 ng/mL), and O‐desmethylvenlafaxine (510 ng/mL). Results in hair varied from distal to proximal to the root segment: fentanyl increased (43, 56, and 175 pg/mg, respectively); propofol‐glucuronide decreased (239, 73, and 37 pg/mg); and benzodiazepines increased. Venlafaxine and O‐desmethylvenlafaxine were positive in all three segments. These results revealed polydrug use for at least 9 months prior to death and an increase in fentanyl use over this period. Segmental hair analysis uncovers patterns of drug misuse that improve the interpretation of postmortem results. Although death by suicide cannot be totally ruled out, the findings suggest accidental death by overdose of fentanyl in combination with other psychoactive drugs in a propofol and fentanyl abuser.
Rates and controls of nitrogen fixation in postfire lodgepole pine forests
Authors: Heumann Robert E. , Turner Monica G. , Cleveland Cory C. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSevere, stand‐replacing wildfire substantially depletes nitrogen (N) stocks in subalpine conifer forests, potentially exacerbating N limitation of net primary productivity in many forested regions where fire frequency is increasing. In lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) forests in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), long‐term data show surface soil and biomass N stocks are replenished during the first few decades following wildfire, but the source(s) of that N are unclear. We measured acetylene reduction rates in multiple cryptic niches (i.e., lichen, moss, pine litter, dead wood, and mineral soil) in 34‐year‐old lodgepole pine stands in the GYE to explore the rates, temporal patterns, and climate controls on cryptic N fixation. Acetylene reduction rates were highest in late May (0.376 nmol C2H4 g−1 h−1) when moisture availability was high compared with early August and mid‐October when moisture was relatively low (0.112 and 0.002 nmol C2H4 g−1 h−1, respectively). We observed modest rates of nitrogenase activity in a few niches following a mid‐summer rain event, suggesting that moisture is an important factor regulating field‐based N fixation rates. In a laboratory experiment, moss responded more strongly to temperature and moisture variation than all other niches. Acetylene reduction rates in dead wood increased with temperature but not moisture content. No other niches showed clear responses to either moisture or temperature manipulation. Together, the field and laboratory results suggest that frequent asynchrony between favorable temperature and moisture conditions may limit N fixation rates in the field. Overall, total annual cryptic N fixation inputs (mean: 0.26; range: 0.07–2.9 kg N ha−1 year−1) represented <10% of the postfire biomass and surface soil N accumulation in the same stands (39.4 kg N ha−1 year−1), pointing to a still unknown source of ecosystem N following fire.
Spatiotemporal Causal Inference With Mechanistic Ecological Models: Evaluating Targeted Culling on Chronic Wasting Disease Dynamics in Cervids
Authors: Mandujano Reyes Juan Francisco , Ma Ting Fung , McGahan Ian P. , Storm Daniel J. , Walsh Daniel P. , Zhu Jun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSpatiotemporal causal inference methods are needed to detect the effect of interventions on indirectly measured epidemiological outcomes that go beyond studying spatiotemporal correlations. Chronic wasting disease (CWD) causes neurological degeneration and eventual death to white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Wisconsin. Targeted culling involves removing deer after traditional hunting seasons in areas with high CWD prevalence. The evaluation of the causal effects of targeted culling in the spread and growth of CWD is an important unresolved research and CWD management question that can guide surveillance efforts. Reaction–diffusion partial differential equations (PDEs) can be used to mechanistically model the underlying spatiotemporal dynamics of wildlife diseases, like CWD, allowing researchers to make inference about unobserved epidemiological quantities. These models indirectly regress spatiotemporal covariates on diffusion and growth rates parameterizing such PDEs, obtaining associational conclusions. In this work we develop an innovative method to obtain causal estimators for the effect of targeted culling interventions on CWD epidemiological processes using an inverse‐probability‐of‐treatment‐weighted technique by means of marginal structural models embedded in the PDE fitting process. Additionally we establish a novel scheme for sensitivity analysis under unmeasured confounder for testing the hypothesis of a significant causal effect in the indirectly measured epidemiological outcomes. Our methods can be broadly used to study the impact of spatiotemporal interventions and treatment exposures in the epidemiological evolution of infectious diseases that can help to inform future efforts to mitigate public health implications and wildlife disease burden.
Neuropsychological analysis in sunflower syndrome suggests the involvement of the ventral attention network on right visual dorsal stream
Authors: Mazzone Serena , Landolina Laura , Utili Anna , Belcastro Vincenzo , Striano Pasquale , Cordelli Duccio Maria , Russo Angelo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSunflower syndrome, a rare photosensitive epilepsy characterized by handwaving episodes and fixation on light sources, remains poorly understood, especially regarding its neuropsychological profile. This study provides a detailed cognitive evaluation of two patients, revealing a likely disruption in the visual dorsal stream, with particular involvement of the ventral attention network (VAN). Despite normal overall intellectual functioning, both patients exhibited significant deficits in Processing Speed Index and inhibitory control, indicating selective executive dysfunction. Coupled with EEG anomalies predominantly in the right frontal lobe, these findings suggest right hemisphere involvement, potentially along the VAN pathway. This study highlights the need for further research, particularly functional neuroimaging, to better understand the neurocognitive aspects of sunflower syndrome and its impact on patients' quality of life.
Characterisation of the Key Aroma Compounds in Black and Green Betel Nuts and Their Aroma Synergy
Authors: Yi Fengping , Luo Yifu , Wu Zhenglin , Wu Kaiwen , Yu Genfa , Su Chang , Liao Shengliang , Zhu Guangyong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBetel nut possesses a distinctive flavour that appeals to specific consumers, despite the well‐documented risks of oral diseases associated with its use. Understanding the characteristic aroma of betel nut is essential for developing appealing substitutes. In this study, supercritical CO2 fluid extraction was employed to obtain extracts from green and black betel nuts, and the volatile compounds were analysed using headspace solid‐phase microextraction. A total of 30 volatile compounds were identified in green betel nuts and 37 in black betel nuts. Through the odour activity value (OAV) method, 14 key aroma compounds were identified in black betel nuts (FD ≥ 16, OAV ≥ 1). These findings were further validated by aroma reconstitution and omission tests. The aroma synergy of these compounds was also examined using the S‐curve and σ‐τ methods, revealing that smoky compounds significantly masked the perception and intensity of other aroma components. This study provides valuable flavour data for the development of betel nut substitutes, which could contribute to reducing the health risks associated with betel nut consumption.
The Effects of Sudan's Armed Conflict on Economy and Health: A Perspective
Authors: Mohamed Esraa Mahadi Ali , Lucero‐Prisno Don‐Eliseo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSudan's economy has been greatly affected by the armed conflict through 15 different channels at both micro and macro levels. The requested fund to save live of sudanese population is 2.6 billion US$ from which only 33% was allocated. The humanitarian crisis in Sudan has lead to contraction in economy and thus agriculture, health, water supply, education, and bankig which all resulted in increased mortality and morbidity rates, food insecurity, violation in human rights and inflation. There is a rising humanitarian need for assistance, in addition to urgent interventions to stop war and cease fire. International law must be enforced through international organizations, the voice of Sudanese civil society must be coordinated if not united, and several measures must be taken after the conflict resolved to address the impacts of conflict.
Jian Pi Hua Tan Fang Reverses Trastuzumab Resistance of HER2‐Positive Gastric Cancer Through PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway: Integrating Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and Experimental Validation
Authors: Hu Jia , Bu Wenjing , Ding Yongfang , Li Xin , Zhang Bo , Shen Bo , Wu Cong , Xu Youqi , Zhang Xiaoyang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCurrently, trastuzumab resistance significantly impacts the treatment outcome for individuals with HER2‐positive gastric cancer. In clinical practice, Jian Pi Hua Tan Fang (JPHTF) has been shown to be effective in preventing recurrences and metastases caused by gastric cancer. Yet, the treatment process remains unknown. We aim to evaluate the potential pharmacological mechanism of JPHTF in interfering with resistance to trastuzumab in HER2‐positive gastric cancer (GC).MethodsIn this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques were used to forecast the potential active ingredients, pathways, and targets of JPHTF in overcoming trastuzumab resistance in HER2‐positive GC. Then, in vitro models of NCI‐N87/TR was developed, and JPHTF‐containing serum was utilized for intervention to confirm these crucial targets.ResultsNetwork pharmacology showed that 92 potential active compounds and 420 therapeutic targets of JPHTF. SRC, EGFR, TP53, and AKT1 were identified as the main targets associated with the PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and Ras pathways, playing crucial roles in angiogenesis, cell apoptosis, cell proliferation, and resistance to chemotherapy in the GC microenvironment. Molecular docking analysis showed that quercetin, formononetin, and luteolin, which are the main active ingredients, exhibit high binding affinity to the central targets PI3K, AKT, and mTOR. In vitro experiment, the JPHTF‐containing serum has a significant alleviating effect on reversing trastuzumab resistance and cell apoptotic and proliferation of NCI‐N87/TR. Further molecular biological experiments showed that JPHTF could regulate the expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.ConclusionJPHTF has the ability to overcome trastuzumab resistance in NCI‐N87 cells through the regulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
Comparative analysis of lipolytic enzymes involved in the surface fermentation of dried katsuobushi by xerophilic molds
Authors: Takenaka Shinji , Toyoshima Ryota , Umeki Tomoya , Kimura Yukihiro , Tanaka Shinichi , Matsumoto Jun‐ichi , Doi Mikiharu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundFermented katsuobushi, a traditional Japanese seasoning, is produced from skipjack tuna through smoking, drying and fermentation by xerophilic Aspergillus molds, primarily Aspergillus chevalieri and Aspergillus pseudoglaucus. In this study, we characterized lipolytic enzymes (cLip_1 to cLip_5 and pLip_1 to pLip_3) to clarify their roles in lipid hydrolysis during katsuobushi production under low water activity.ResultsThe enzymes showed significant diversity in their activity, stability and substrate specificity, and in the hydrolysis profiles of their reactions with fish oil. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that cLip_5 showed a high identity with pLip_2 (94%) and these enzymes formed a phylogenetic cluster with filamentous fungal lipases. Purified recombinant enzymes (rcLip_1, rcLip_2, rcLip_4 and rcLip_5) and wild‐type enzymes (cLip_3 and pLip_3) showed varying substrate preferences toward p‐nitrophenyl esters. The addition of glycerol to reduce the water activity in the reaction mixture led to increased activities of rcLip_1 and rcLip_4, but it did not affect the activity of the other three enzymes. Among the tested six enzymes, cLip_5 showed the highest hydrolytic activity toward fish oil. The cLip_5 and pLip_2 gene transcript levels were moderately high in strains MK86 and MK88, respectively.ConclusioncLip_5 and its homolog pLip_2 were identified as the most promising enzymes for katsuobushi fermentation, because of their high hydrolytic activities toward fish oil and adaptability to low water activity conditions. These findings support the selection of optimal Aspergillus strains as starter cultures to potentially shorten the fermentation time and improve the quality and shelf life of katsuobushi. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.