bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suzaku observations of iron lines and reflection in AGN
Authors: Reeves J. N. , Fabian A. C. , Kataoka J. , Kunieda H. , Markowitz A. , Miniutti G. , Okajima T. , Serlemitsos P. , Takahashi T. , Terashima Y. , Yaqoob T. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractInitial results on the iron K‐shell line and reflection component in several AGN observed as part of the Suzaku Guaranteed Time program are reviewed. This paper discusses a small sample of Compton‐thin Seyferts observed to date with Suzaku; namely MCG‐5‐23‐16, MCG‐6‐30‐15, NGC4051, NGC3516, NGC2110, 3C 120 and NGC2992. The broad iron Kα emission line appears to be present in all but one of these Seyfert galaxies, while the narrow core of the line from distant matter is ubiquitous in all the observations. The iron line in MCG‐6‐30‐15 shows the most extreme relativistic blurring of all the objects, the red‐wing of the line requires the inner accretion disk to extend inwards to within 2.2R g of the black hole, in agreement with the XMM‐Newton observations. Strong excess emission in the Hard X‐ray Detector (HXD) above 10 keV is observed in many of these Seyfert galaxies, consistent with the presence of a reflection component from reprocessing in Compton‐thick matter (e.g. the accretion disk). Only one Seyfert galaxy (NGC 2110) shows neither a broad iron line nor a reflection component. The spectral variability of MCG‐6‐30‐15, MCG‐5‐23‐16 and NGC 4051 is also discussed. In all 3 cases, the spectra appear harder when the source is fainter, while there is little variability of the iron line or reflection component with source flux. This agrees with a simple two component spectral model, whereby the variable emission is the primary power‐law, while the iron line and reflection component remain relatively constant. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The broad iron line physics: summary and outlook
Authors: Tanaka Y. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractA brief overview of the ESAC/XMM‐Newton Science Operations Centre Workshop on “Variable and Broad Iron Lines around Black Holes” is presented. Following the relativistic disk‐line theory of accreting black holes, ASCA discovered such broad iron lines from several AGN. XMM‐Newton and Chandra confirmed the ASCA results, but also found more complexities. It was pointed out that poor modelling of the continuum may mimic broad iron line, if ionized absorbers are present. This degeneracy between the broad line and the continuum shape was shown to be resolved by separately determining the continuum and the reflection component with use of an accurate hard X‐ray spectrum obtained with Suzaku. As a result, the relativistic broad iron lines are now robust. Time variations of the primary continuum and the reflection component are often decoupled, the latter varying little. This is explained by the light bending model that applies in the region near to an extreme Kerr hole. The red‐ and/or blueshifted transient iron line features were found with XMM‐Newton, some of which revealed a possible quasi‐periodicity. Such transient features are important dynamical probes of the black hole vicinity. The remaining issues are briefly mentioned. Finally, there is no doubt that the broad line physics continues to be extremely important. Prospects for the future development are discussed, which justify large next‐generation missions. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Virulenzfaktoren als Panzerknacker
Authors: Hille‐Rehfeld Annette 
Published: November 2006

AbstractPflanzen schließen ihre Spaltöffnungen, um das Eindringen von Bakterien zu verhindern. Als Anpassung an diesen Abwehrmechanismus geben pathogene Bakterien Virulenzfaktoren ab, die bewirken, dass sich die Spaltöffnungen erneut öffnen.
Hydrogen in Polar Intermetallics. Binary Pnictides of Divalent Metals with Mn5Si3‐Type Structures and Their Isotypic Ternary Hydride Solutions.
Authors: Leon‐Escamilla E. Alejandro , Corbett John D. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Magnetic Susceptibility, Specific Heat and Magnetic Structure of CuNi2(PO4)2.
Authors: Escobal Jaione , Pizarro Jose L. , Mesa Jose L. , Larranaga Aitor , Rodriguez Fernandez Jesus , Arriortua Maria I. , Rojo Teofilo 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Isothermal Section of the Fe—Pt—Nd Phase Diagram at 900 °C.
Authors: Xu Chengfu , Gu Zhengfei , Cheng Gang , Ma Lei , Zhou Bo 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantioselective Alkylation of Aldehydes Catalyzed by a Highly Active Titanium Complex of 3‐Substituted Unsymmetric BINOL.
Authors: Harada Toshiro , Kanda Kousou 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantioselective Catalytic Intramolecular Cyclopropanation Using Modified Cinchona Alkaloid Organocatalysts.
Authors: Johansson Carin C. C. , Bremeyer Nadine , Ley Steven V. , Owen Dafydd R. , Smith Stephen C. , Gaunt Matthew J. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
trans‐Hydroalumination/Alkylation: One‐Pot Synthesis of Trisubstituted Allylic Alcohols.
Authors: Langille Neil F. , Jamison Timothy F. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chlorochalcogenation of Acetylenes with Benzenesulfen(or selenen)amides and Tin(IV) Chloride.
Authors: Martynov A. V. , Makhaeva N. A. , Amosova S. V. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Diphenyl Carbonate from CO2, Phenoxide, and CCl4 with ZnCl2 as Catalyst.
Authors: Li Zhenhuan , Qin Zhangfeng , Zhu Huaqing , Wang Jianguo 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Regioselective Synthesis of Pentasubstituted Benzene Derivatives: TBAF as an Effective Catalyst for the Sequential Michael Addition‐Intramolecular Aldolization.
Authors: Park Da Yeon , Gowrisankar Saravanan , Kim Jae Nyoung 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Diastereoselective and Concise Synthesis of Functionalized Vinyl Epoxides with a Morita—Baylis—Hillman Backbone.
Authors: Davoust Marion , Briere Jean‐Francois , Metzner Patrick 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel Aziridination of Olefins: Direct Synthesis from Sulfonamides Using t‐BuOI.
Authors: Minakata Satoshi , Morino Yoshinobu , Oderaotoshi Yoji , Komatsu Mitsuo 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Highly Efficient Three‐Component Synthesis of β‐Lactams (IV)/(V) from N‐Methylhydroxylamine, Aldehydes, and Phenylacetylene.
Authors: Zhao Liang , Li Chao‐Jun 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Dithiaethyneazuliporphyrin — A Contracted Heterocarbaporphyrin.
Authors: Berlicka Anna , Sprutta Natasza , Latos‐Grazynski Lechoslaw 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Discovery of 4‐Substituted‐8‐(2‐hydroxy‐2‐phenyl‐cyclohexyl)‐2,8‐diaza‐spiro [4.5]decan‐1‐one as a Novel Class of Highly Selective GlyT1 Inhibitors with Improved Metabolic Stability.
Authors: Alberati Daniela , Hainzl Dominik , Jolidon Synese , Krafft Eva A. , Kurt Anke , Maier Axel , Pinard Emmanuel , Thomas Andew W. , Zimmerli Daniel 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Unexpected Epimerization at C2 in the Horner—Wadsworth—Emmons Reaction of Chiral 2‐Substituted‐4‐oxopiperidines (II).
Authors: Etayo Pablo , Badorrey Ramon , Diaz‐de‐Villegas Maria D. , Galvez Jose A. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of 5‐Aryl Substituted 2‐Amino‐5,8‐dihydropyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4,7‐diones under Microwave Irradiation Without Catalyst.
Authors: Tu Shujiang , Wang Qian , Xu Jianing , Zhu Xiaotong , Zhang Jinpeng , Jiang Bo , Jia Runhong , Zhang Yan , Zhang Junyong 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Thiazepines as Interleukin‐1β Converting Enzyme (ICE) Inhibitors.
Authors: Ellis Christopher D. , et al. et al. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Ullmann Coupling Reaction: A New Approach to Tetraarylstannanes.
Authors: Shaikh Nadim S. , Parkin Sean , Lehmler Hans‐Joachim 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Chlorins Linked with Pyrazoline by 1,3‐Dipolar Diazomethane Cycloaddition Reaction.
Authors: Wang Jin‐Jun , Li Jia‐Zhu , Gryko Daniel , Shim Young Key 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Largamides A—H, Unusual Cyclic Peptides from the Marine Cyanobacterium Oscillatoria sp.
Authors: Plaza Alberto , Bewley Carole A. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Highly O‐Functionalized Enantiopure 2,3,4‐Trisubstituted Tetrahydrofurans by Tandem Debenzylative Cyclization of Glycal Derived 2,3‐Epoxy Alcohols.
Authors: Reddy L. Vijaya Raghava , Roy Abhijeet Deb , Roy Raja , Shaw Arun K. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Pongamone A—E, Five Flavonoids from the Stems of a Mangrove Plant, Pongamia pinnata.
Authors: Li Liya , Li Xiang , Shi Cui , Deng Zhiwei , Fu Hongzheng , Proksch Peter , Lin Wenhan 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Apoptolidin A: Total Synthesis and Partially Glycosylated Analogues.
Authors: Wehlan Hermut , Dauber Mario , Mujica Fernaud M. Teresa , Schuppan Julia , Keiper Sonja , Mahrwald Rainer , Juarez Garcia M.‐Elisa , Koert Ulrich 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Toward the Total Synthesis of Spirastrellolide A. Part 1. Strategic Considerations and Preparation of the Southern Domain (I).
Authors: Fuerstner Alois , Fenster Michael D. B. , Fasching Bernhard , Godbout Cedrickx , Radkowski Karin 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Toward the Total Synthesis of Spirastrellolide A. Part 2. Conquest of the Northern Hemisphere (I).
Authors: Fuerstner Alois , Fenster Michael D. B. , Fasching Bernhard , Godbout Cedrickx , Radkowski Karin 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Structure—Activity Relationships of N‐Substituted Piperazine Amine Reuptake Inhibitors.
Authors: Fray M. Jonathan , Bish Gerwyn , Fish Pual V. , Stobie Alan , Wakenhut Florian , Whitlock Gavin A. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Metallic Single‐Crystal CoSi Nanowires via Chemical Vapor Deposition of Single‐Source Precursor.
Authors: Schmitt Andrew L. , Zhu Lei , Schmeisser Dieter , Himpsel F. J. , Jin Song 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Fluorinated Benzazoles and Benzazines
Authors: Nosova E. V. , Mochul'skaya N. N. , Kotovskaya S. K. , Lipunova G. N. , Charushin V. N. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Recent Advances in Thionating Reagents for the Synthesis of Organosulfur Compounds
Authors: Polshettiwar Vivek , Kaushik M. P. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Macrocyclic Aminopyrimidines as Multitarget CDK and VEGF‐R Inhibitors with Potent Antiproliferative Activities
Authors: Lücking Ulrich , Siemeister Gerhard , Schäfer Martina , Briem Hans , Krüger Martin , Lienau Philip , Jautelat Rolf 
Published: November 2006

AbstractX‐ray structures from CDK2–aminopyrimidine inhibitor complexes led to the idea to stabilize the active conformation of aminopyrimidine inhibitors by incorporating the recognition site into a macrocyclic framework. A modular synthesis approach that relies on a new late‐stage macrocyclization protocol that enables fast and efficient synthesis of macrocyclic aminopyrimidines was developed. A set of structurally diverse derivatives was prepared. Macrocyclic aminopyrimidines were shown to be multitarget inhibitors of CDK1/2 and VEGF‐RTKs. In addition, potent antiproliferative activities toward various human tumor cells and a human tumor xenograft model were demonstrated.
Experience with heat shock protein‐peptide complex 96 vaccine therapy in patients with indolent non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Oki Yasuhiro , McLaughlin Peter , Fayad Luis E. , Pro Barbara , Mansfield Paul F. , Clayman Gary L. , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Kwak Larry W. , Srivastava Pramod K. , Younes Anas 
Published: November 2006

AbstractBACKGROUND.The objective of this phase II trial was to investigate the safety and efficacy of autologous heat shock protein‐peptide complex 96 (HSPPC‐96) vaccines prepared from tumor specimens of patients with newly diagnosed or previously treated indolent non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).METHODS.The study was for patients with indolent B‐cell NHL with measurable lesions. HSPPC‐96 vaccines were prepared from patients' resected tumor specimens and administered as a 25‐μg intradermal injection in the absence of disease progression every week for 4 weeks and then every 2 weeks until the vaccine supply was exhausted.RESULTS.Twenty patients were enrolled in this trial. The median patient age was 59 years. Ten patients had been treated previously (median, 2 regimens; range, 1 to 7). Eighteen (90%) patients had stage III or IV disease. Autologous vaccines were successfully prepared for 17 (85%) patients and all received at least 1 dose. The treatment was very well tolerated. One patient experienced a response with biopsy‐proven clearance of the lymphoma cells in 2 of the skin nodules at 3.0 months that lasted for 7.0 months. Eight patients had stable disease for 6.0 to 19.8 months. The median failure‐free survival duration in patients who received vaccine therapy was 5.2 months.CONCLUSIONS.HSPPC‐96 can be prepared from tumor specimens for the majority of lymphoma patients, but it had limited efficacy in inducing responses in patients with active diseases. Further studies of HSPPCs, therefore, should be considered in adjuvant settings or in combination with other immunomodulatory agents to assess survival benefit. Cancer 2007. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
A Comparison of Methods to Compute the Potential of Mean Force
Authors: Trzesniak Daniel , Kunz Anna‐Pitschna E. , van Gunsteren Wilfred F. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractMost processes occurring in a system are determined by the relative free energy between two or more states because the free energy is a measure of the probability of finding the system in a given state. When the two states of interest are connected by a pathway, usually called reaction coordinate, along which the free‐energy profile is determined, this profile or potential of mean force (PMF) will also yield the relative free energy of the two states. Twelve different methods to compute a PMF are reviewed and compared, with regard to their precision, for a system consisting of a pair of methane molecules in aqueous solution. We analyze all combinations of the type of sampling (unbiased, umbrella‐biased or constraint‐biased), how to compute free energies (from density of states or force averaging) and the type of coordinate system (internal or Cartesian) used for the PMF degree of freedom. The method of choice is constraint‐bias simulation combined with force averaging for either an internal or a Cartesian PMF degree of freedom.
Nucleolar localization of phosphatidylinositol 4‐kinase PI4K230 in various mammalian cells
Authors: Kakuk Annamária , Friedländer Elza , Vereb György , Kása Anita , Balla András , Balla Tamás , Heilmeyer Ludwig M. G. , Gergely Pál , Vereb György 
Published: November 2006

AbstractBackground:Previous immunohistochemical investigations could not detect PI4K230, an isoform of mammalian phosphatidylinositol 4‐kinases (also called type III α), in the nucleus and nucleolus of cells in spite of its predicted nuclear localization signals.Methods:Immunofluorescent detection of PI4K230 and other PI4K isoforms was performed on formaldehyde (PFA) or ethanol fixed cells and rat brain cryosections. Costaining with nucleolin and the effect of siRNA, Triton X‐100, DNase, and RNase treatments were also tested to determine the localization of PI4K230.Results:PI4K230 gives a prominent signal in the nucleolus of ethanol fixed rat brain cryosections and of several cell types in addition to its presence in the nucleus and cytoplasm. The PI4K230 immunoreactivity of the nucleolus is masked in PFA fixed cells, but it can be restored by treatment of PFA fixed cells with hot wet citrate buffer or by washing the cryosections with PBS prior to PFA fixation. Nucleolar PI4K230 occurs in a Triton X‐100 resistant complex. Treatment of COS‐7 cells with siRNA targeting PI4K230 and permeabilized B50 cells with DNase or RNase results in the loss of PI4K230 signal from the nucleolus.Conclusion:These experiments suggest the participation of PI4K230 in a DNase and RNase sensitive complex with a unique localization and function in the nucleolus. © 2006 International Society for Analytical Cytology