bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Caudal-Related Protein Cdx2 Promotes Trophoblast Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells
Authors: Tolkunova Elena , Cavaleri Fatima , Eckardt Sigrid , Reinbold Rolland , Christenson Lane K. , Schöler Hans R. , Tomilin Alexey 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
Besides holding great promise in clinics, embryonic stem (ES) cells represent a valuable tool for studying regulation of early developmental processes, such as cell differentiation in preimplantation embryos. The caudal-related homeobox protein Cdx2 is a transcriptional regulator essential for trophoblast lineage, functioning as early as implantation. Using an inducible system, we show that gain of Cdx2 function in ES cells triggers trophoblast-like morphological differentiation, accompanied by ploidy increase, onset of expression of trophoblast-specific markers, and loss of pluripotency-associated gene expression. These data provide an insight into the genetic network that controls lineage specification and functioning in early mammalian development.
Persistent Production of Neurons from Adult Brain Stem Cells During Recovery after Stroke
Authors: Thored Pär , Arvidsson Andreas , Cacci Emanuele , Ahlenius Henrik , Kallur Therése , Darsalia Vladimer , Ekdahl Christine T. , Kokaia Zaal , Lindvall Olle 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
Neural stem cells in the subventricular zone of adult rodents produce new striatal neurons that may replace those that have died after stroke; however, the neurogenic response has been considered acute and transient, yielding only small numbers of neurons. In contrast, we show herein that striatal neuroblasts are generated without decline at least for 4 months after stroke in adult rats. Neuroblasts formed early or late after stroke either differentiate into mature neurons, which survive for several months, or die through caspase-mediated apoptosis. The directed migration of the new neurons toward the ischemic damage is regulated by stromal cell-derived factor-1α and its receptor CXCR4. These results show that endogenous neural stem cells continuously supply the injured adult brain with new neurons, which suggests novel self-repair strategies to improve recovery after stroke.
Human Embryonic Stem Cells Reprogram Myeloid Precursors Following Cell–Cell Fusion
Authors: Yu Junying , Vodyanik Maxim A. , He Ping , Slukvin Igor I. , Thomson James A. 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
Here, we examine the ability of undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to reprogram the nuclei of hESC-derived myeloid precursors following cell–cell fusion. Using an OP9 coculture system, we produced CD45+ CD33+ myeloperoxidase+ myeloid precursors from an Oct4–enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) knock-in hESC line and demonstrated that Oct4-EGFP expression was extinguished in these precursors. Upon fusion with undifferentiated hESCs, EGFP expression from the endogenous Oct4 promoter/regulatory region was re-established, ESC-specific surface antigens and marker genes were expressed, and myeloid precursor-specific antigens were no longer detectable. When the hybrid cells were formed into embryoid bodies, upregulation of genes characteristic of the three germ layers and extraembryonic tissues occurred, indicating that the hybrid cells had the potential to differentiate into multiple lineages. Interestingly, the hybrid cells were capable of redifferentiating into myeloid precursors with efficiency comparable with that of diploid hESCs despite their neartetraploid chromosome complement. These results indicate that hESCs are capable of reprogramming nuclei from differentiated cells and that hESC hybrid cells provide a new model system for studying the mechanisms of nuclear reprogramming.
Simulation of binary mixture adsorption of methane and CO2 at supercritical conditions in carbons
Authors: Kurniawan Yohanes , Bhatia Suresh K. , Rudolph Victor 
Published: October 2005

AbstractKnowledge of the adsorption behavior of coal‐bed gases, mainly under supercritical high‐pressure conditions, is important for optimum design of production processes to recover coal‐bed methane and to sequester CO2 in coal‐beds. Here, we compare the two most rigorous adsorption methods based on the statistical mechanics approach, which are Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, for single and binary mixtures of methane and carbon dioxide in slit‐shaped pores ranging from around 0.75 to 7.5 nm in width, for pressure up to 300 bar, and temperature range of 308‐348 K, as a preliminary study for the CO2 sequestration problem. For single component adsorption, the isotherms generated by DFT, especially for CO2, do not match well with GCMC calculation, and simulation is subsequently pursued here to investigate the binary mixture adsorption. For binary adsorption, upon increase of pressure, the selectivity of carbon dioxide relative to methane in a binary mixture initially increases to a maximum value, and subsequently drops before attaining a constant value at pressures higher than 300 bar. While the selectivity increases with temperature in the initial pressure‐sensitive region, the constant high‐pressure value is also temperature independent. Optimum selectivity at any temperature is attained at a pressure of 90‐100 bar at low bulk mole fraction of CO2, decreasing to approximately 35 bar at high bulk mole fractions. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
Critical dose of lead affecting postural balance in workers
Authors: Iwata Toyoto , Yano Eiji , Karita Kanae , Dakeishi Miwako , Murata Katsuyuki 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBackgroundThe threshold blood lead (BPb) level for nervous system dysfunction in adults has been estimated to be 30–40 µg/dl. This study was carried out to estimate the critical dose of lead affecting the neuromotor function in workers by introducing the benchmark dose (BMD) approach, as well as to identify the specific postural sway to lead exposure.MethodsPostural sway parameters with spectral analysis were compared between 121 lead workers with BPb levels of 6–89 (mean 40) µg/dl and 60 unexposed controls.ResultsAll sway parameters, except for sagittal sways with eyes open, were significantly larger in the lead workers than in the controls; also, the Romberg quotient for sagittal sway was significantly higher in the lead workers. The BPb level in the lead workers was significantly related to sagittal sways at 1–2 Hz and 2–4 Hz with eyes open, and sagittal and transversal sways at 1–2 Hz and 2–4 Hz with eyes closed. The BMD levels of BPb (i.e., lower 95% confidence limits of BMD) were estimated to be 12.1–17.3 (mean 14.4) µg/dl for postural sway.ConclusionsNeuromotor dysfunction in lead workers may be initiated at BPbs below the level previously accepted as effectless, and be characterized mainly by an increased sway of high frequency (1–4 Hz) in the sagittal direction with eyes closed (high Romberg quotient). Am. J. Ind. Med. 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Single‐Site Heterogeneous Catalysts
Authors: Thomas John Meurig , Raja Robert , Lewis Dewi W. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractIntellectually, the advantages that flow from the availability of single‐site heterogeneous catalysts (SSHC) are many. They facilitate the determination of the kinetics and mechanism of catalytic turnover—both experimentally and computationally—and make accessible the energetics of various intermediates (including short‐lived transition states). These facts in turn offer a rational strategic principle for the design of new catalysts and the improvement of existing ones. It is generally possible to prepare soluble molecular fragments that circumscribe the single‐site, thus enabling a direct comparison to be made, experimentally, between the catalytic performance of the same active site when functioning as a heterogeneous (continuous solid) as well as a homogeneous (dispersed molecular) catalyst. This approach also makes it possible to modify the immediate atomic environment as well as the central atomic structure of the active site. From the practical standpoint, SSHC exhibit very high selectivities leading to the production of sharply defined molecular products, just as do their homogeneous analogues. Given that mesoporous silicas with very large internal surface areas are ideal supports for SSHC, and that more than a quarter of the elements of the Periodic Table may be grafted as active sites onto such silicas, there is abundant scope for creating new catalytic opportunities.
Morphomolecular neuronal phenotypes in the neocortex reflect phylogenetic relationships among certain mammalian orders
Authors: Hof Patrick R. , Sherwood Chet C. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe cytoarchitecture of the cerebral cortex in mammals has been traditionally investigated using Nissl, Golgi, or myelin stains and there are few comparative studies on the relationships between neuronal morphology and neurochemical specialization. Most available studies on neuronal subtypes identified by their molecular and morphologic characteristics have been performed in species commonly used in laboratory research such as the rat, mouse, cat, and macaque monkey, as well as in autopsic human brain specimens. A number of cellular markers, such as neurotransmitters, structural proteins, and calcium‐buffering proteins, display a highly specific distribution in distinct classes of neocortical neurons in a large number of mammalian species. In this article, we present an overview of the morphologic characteristics and distribution of three calcium‐binding proteins, parvalbumin, calbindin, and calretinin, and of a component of the neuronal cytoskeleton, nonphosphorylated neurofilament protein in the neocortex of various species, representative of the major subdivisions of mammals. The distribution of these neurochemical markers defined several species‐ and order‐specific patterns that permit assessment of the degree to which neuronal morphomolecular specialization, as well as the regional and laminar distribution of distinct cell types in the neocortex, represents derived or ancestral features. In spite of the remarkable diversity in morphologic and cellular organization that occurred during mammalian neocortical evolution, such patterns identified several associations among taxa that closely match their phylogenetic relationships. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Some Imidazole‐5‐(4H)one Derivatives
Authors: Saravanan Sampath , Selvan Perumal Senthamil , Gopal Natesan , Gupta Jayanta Kumar , De Biplap 
Published: October 2005

AbstractIn the present study, several substituted oxazolones were synthesized by condensation of benzoylglycine with different aldehydes. From such oxazolones, substituted imidazolones were synthesized by condensation with ethylenediamine, urea and 4‐N,N‐dimethylaminoaniline. All these synthesized compounds produced significant antibacterial activities. Furthermore, compounds containing –CH2CH2NH2, –CONH2 and –C6H4–N(CH3)2 groups as substitutents on the imidazolones were found to be potent antibacterial agents. Thus, among the twelve compounds, 1‐(2‐aminoethyl)‐2‐phen yl‐4‐(4‐(dimethylamino)benzylidene)imidazole‐5‐(4H)one (4d), 1‐carboxamido‐2‐phenyl‐4‐(4‐(dimethylamino)benzylidene)imidazole‐5‐(4H)one (4e) and 1‐(4‐(N,N‐dimethylamino)phenyl)‐2‐phenyl‐4‐(4‐(dimethylamino)benzylidene)imidazole‐5‐(4H)one (4f) were found to have a significant higher antibacterial activity than the other substituted imidazolones. Compound 4e was the most active one in this series.
Specific anion effects on the optical rotation of glucoseand serine
Authors: Nostro Pierandrea Lo , Ninham Barry W. , Milani Silvia , Fratoni Laura , Baglioni Piero 
Published: October 2005

AbstractOptical activity is directly related to molecular conformation through the anisotropic polarizabilities of molecules and the refractive index of materials. L‐amino acids and D‐sugars are characteristic essential bioactive molecules. Since molecular recognition and enzyme activity are related to the conformation of substrates, the relevance of optical activity to biological processes is evident. Specific ion, or Hofmeister, effects that occur with electrolytes at moderately high concentrations modify the behavior of interfaces, molecular forces between membranes, of bulk solutions, of enzymes, and even of DNA. Such effects are universal. Here we report a study on the change in optical rotation induced by some sodium salts for the enantiomers of serine and glucose in water solution. The optical rotation is shown to depend on the kind of anion and on the salt concentration. To obtain further insights into the mechanism behind the phenomenon, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral studies of serine and glucose solutions in electrolytes were also carried out. The results suggest that it is the differences in interactions of anions at specific chemical sites of the solutes that are responsible for the effects. These forces depend strongly on anion polarizability in water. Such specific ion preferential interactions can affect conformation and internal field, and result in significant changes in optical rotation. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopoly 81: 136–148, 2006This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Alcohol septal ablation for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Indications and technique
Authors: Holmes David R. , Valeti Uma S. , Nishimura Rick A. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractAlcohol septal ablation for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has been the subject of great interest, and the number of procedures performed is increasing despite an absence of randomized trial data. Although straightforward in concept, alcohol septal ablation may be considerably more difficult in actual practice. To optimize the results and prevent complications, the anatomy of the septal arcade architecture must be understood and the anatomic relationship between the septal artery and the specific portion of the septum to be ablated must be carefully delineated. For the latter, during the procedure, an echocardiographic contrast medium injection into the septal artery of interest is essential. Selection of the volume and amount of alcohol to be injected varies depending on the size and distribution of the septal artery. Specific complications such as conduction defects, hemodynamic compromise, ventricular arrhythmias, and inadequate gradient reduction can be minimized by specific technical approaches. After ablation, protocols are needed for periprocedural guidelines because some complications may occur late during the next several days. For optimal results, patients need to be selected after catheter assessment and combined echocardiography and angiography, and ablation techniques need to be scientific and rigorous. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reliable atrial septostomy by stenting of the atrial septum
Authors: Danon Saar , Levi Daniel S. , Alejos Juan C. , Moore John W. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe aim of this report was to describe our experience with creating an interatrial communication by stenting the interatrial septum. In many forms of congenital heart disease, the presence of an appropriate interatrial shunt is critical. After the first several weeks of life, balloon atrial septostomy is not effective, and success with other methods is limited. Clinical records, echocardiograms, and catheterization data in patients who had an atrial septal stent placed between 2001 and 2004 at UCLA were reviewed. Changes in atrial pressures and systemic saturations were analyzed. Follow‐up data and explant pathology were reviewed as available. Thirteen patients had stenting of the atrial septum (four restrictive, nine nonrestrictive). In patients with elevated right and left atrial pressures, there was a mean reduction of 2.4 and 7.4 mm Hg in right atrial and left atrial pressures, respectively. In patients with transposition physiology, there was a mean increase in oxygen saturation of 11.3%. Follow‐up echocardiograms revealed patent stents with excellent position relative to the atrial septum. In six cases, the stents were removed during subsequent surgery and appeared endothelialized and patent. Stenting of the atrial septum is safe and effective in selected cases, allowing for a reliable, long‐lasting, restrictive or nonrestrictive interatrial communication. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Heart block and empirical therapy after transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect
Authors: Yip William C.L. , Zimmerman Frank , Hijazi Ziyad M. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractTwo patients with perimembranous ventricular septal defects (VSDs) and inlet extension have undergone uncomplicated transcatheter device closure using the Amplatzer membranous VSD device. Both patients developed complete heart block 2–4 days from the closure. Both patients responded well to high‐dose intravenous therapy with steroids and high‐dose oral anti‐inflammatory aspirin. Both patients remain in normal sinus rhythm 8 weeks and 10 months, respectively, from the episode. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Triple‐balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty: An advantageous technique for percutaneous repair of pulmonary valve stenosis in the large pediatric and adult patients
Authors: Escalera Robert B. , Chase Thaddeus J. , Owada Carl Y. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThis report describes a new valvuloplasty procedure for the treatment of pulmonary valve stenosis (PVS) and large pulmonary valve annulus (PVA) diameters using a triple‐balloon valvuloplasty (TBV) technique. We sought to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of this new technique. Percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BPV) is the preferred treatment for PVS. BPV in older patients with large PVA remains a challenge, even when the double‐balloon valvuloplasty technique is performed. The technique was first attempted in a case where a large single balloon was unsuccessful and double‐balloon valvuloplasty met with technical difficulties. Three subsequent patients underwent the procedure safely and successfully. An algorithm is presented to determine balloon size for TBV. The median PVA diameter was 23.9 mm. Balloon diameters ranged from 12 to 18 mm. The median peak right ventricular‐to‐pulmonary artery systolic pressure gradient was 43.5 mm Hg before valvuloplasty and was reduced to 12 mm Hg following intervention. No major complications were encountered. Percutaneous valvuloplasty using TBV can be performed safely and provides excellent clinical results. This technique offers advantages over single‐balloon and double‐balloon valvuloplasty techniques, especially in treatment of PVS in large pediatric or adult patients. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Angiographic and clinical outcomes at 8 months of cutting balloon angioplasty and β‐brachytherapy for native vessel in‐stent restenosis (BETACUT): Results from a stopped randomized controlled trial
Authors: Schlüter Michael , Tübler Thilo , Lansky Alexandra J. , Kähler Sabine , Berger Jürgen , Mathey Detlef G. , Schofer Joachim 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess angiographic and clinical outcomes of cutting balloon (CB) angioplasty and concomitant Sr/Y‐90 β‐brachytherapy as a treatment modality for patients with native vessel in‐stent restenosis (ISR). Procedural advantages over the standard balloon (SB) have been claimed for the CB. Intracoronary brachytherapy preceded by SB angioplasty is regarded as the treatment of choice in patients with ISR. In an interim analysis of a prospective randomized trial designed for 652 patients, 100 consecutive patients with ISR were assigned to treatment with SB angioplasty (n = 51) or CB angioplasty (n = 49), followed in either case by Sr/Y‐90 β‐brachytherapy. Quantitative coronary angiography at baseline, postintervention, and at 8 months was performed by an independent central laboratory. More than 90% of target lesions in the overall patient population were diffuse, with 14% of stents totally occluded. Procedural parameters and immediate angiographic outcomes were essentially the same in either study arm. At 8 months, no statistically significant differences were observed in recurrent angiographic restenosis (SB = 26.1%; CB = 29.5%; P = 0.82), target lesion revascularizations (SB = 13.7%; CB = 8.2%; P = 0.53), and major adverse cardiac events (SB = 15.7%; CB = 8.2%; P = 0.36). In this interim analysis, there was no indication of a beneficial effect of CB use over SB use in terms of angiographic or clinical outcomes at 8‐month follow‐up. CB angioplasty appears to be as safe and efficacious as SB angioplasty in β‐radiation treatment of patients with predominantly diffuse native vessel ISR. It was decided to discontinue the trial. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Is it safe to perform cardiac catheterizations on adults with congenital heart disease in a pediatric catheterization laboratory?
Authors: Garekar Swati , Paules Melissa M. , Reddy Surendranath V. , Turner Daniel R. , Sanjeev Sanjeev , Wynne Joshua , Epstein Michael L. , Karpawich Peter P. , Ross Robert D. , Forbes Thomas J. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractObjective: To determine the complication rate during the catheterization in adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) in a pediatric catheterization laboratory (PCL). Background: An increasing number of patients with CHD are surviving into adulthood, with diagnostic and interventional cardiac catheterization being essential for the management of their disease. The complication rate during the catheterization of adults with CHD has not been reported. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on all adult patients (>18 years) with CHD who underwent diagnostic or interventional catheterization in our PCL within the past 8.5 years. Results: A total of 576 procedures were performed on 436 adult patients (median age 26 years). Complex heart disease was present in 387/576 (67%) procedures. An isolated atrial septal defect or patent foramen ovale was present in 115/576 (20%) procedures, and 51/576 (9%) procedures were performed on patients with structurally normal hearts with arrhythmias. Interventional catheterization was performed in 378/576 (66%) procedures. There were complications during 61/576 (10.6%) procedures; 19 were considered major and 42 minor. Major complications were death (1), ventricular fibrillation (1), hypotension requiring inotropes (7), atrial flutter (3), retroperitoneal hematoma, pneumothorax, hemothorax, aortic dissection, renal failure, myocardial ischemia and stent malposition (1 each). The most common minor complications were vascular entry site hematomas and hypotension not requiring inotropes. Procedures performed on patients ≥ 45 years of age had a 19% occurrence of complications overall compared with 9% occurrence rate in patients of age < 45 years (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The complication rate during the catheterization of adults with CHD in a PCL is similar to the complication rate of children with CHD undergoing cardiac catheterization. The older subset of patients are more likely to encounter complications overall. The encountered complications could be handled effectively in the PCL. With screening in place, it is safe to perform cardiac catheterization on most adults with CHD in a PCL. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.