bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On marginally deformed meson spectroscopy
Authors: Penati S. , Pirrone M. , Ratti C. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractWe review the results of 0710.4292 [hep‐th] where we study the embedding of spacetime filling D7‐branes in β‐deformed backgrounds. This corresponds to flavoring β‐deformed 𝒩 = 4 super Yang–Mills. For the supersymmetric and the more general non‐supersymmetric three parameter deformations, we study quadratic fluctuations of a probe D7‐brane wrapped on a deformed three‐sphere, which correspond to mesonic configurations of the dual field theory. We manage to solve their equations exactly in the presence of a non‐trivial coupling between scalar and vector modes induced by the deformation. We find a mesonic mass spectrum which is discrete, with a mass gap and a Zeeman‐like splitting occurs.
Euclidean methods and the entropy function
Authors: Silva P.J. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe attractor mechanism implies that the supersymmetric black hole near horizon solution is defined only in terms of the conserved charges and is therefore independent of asymptotic moduli. Starting only with the near horizon geometry, Sen's entropy functional formalism computes the entropy of an extreme black hole by means of a Legendre transformation where the electric fields are defined as conjugated variables to the electric charges. However, traditional Euclidean methods require the knowledge of the full geometry to compute the black hole thermodynamic quantities. We establish the connection between the entropy functional formalism and the standard Euclidean formalism taken at zero temperature. We find that Sen's entropy function f (on‐shell) matches the zero temperature limit of the Euclidean action. Moreover, Sen's near horizon angular and electric fields agree with the chemical potentials that are defined from the zero‐temperature limit of the Euclidean formalism.
Universal Kounterterms in Lovelock AdS gravity
Authors: Kofinas G. , Olea R. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractWe show the universal form of the boundary term (Kounterterm series) which regularizes the Euclidean action and background‐independent definition of conserved quantities for any Lovelock gravity theory with AdS asymptotics (including Einstein‐Hilbert and Einstein‐Gauss‐Bonnet). We discuss on the connection of this procedure to the existence of topological invariants and Chern‐Simons forms in the corresponding dimensions.
Demographic variation in housing cost adjustments with US family migration
Authors: Withers Suzanne Davies , Clark William A. V. , Ruiz Tricia 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThis paper examines the demographic variation in housing‐cost adjustment associated with family migration in the United States. The American population continues to migrate away from very large metropolitan areas down the urban hierarchy towards smaller metropolitan and micropolitan areas, an exodus that is frequently attributed to the push effects of diseconomies and congestion, increasing presence of foreign‐born population, and housing affordability problems, particularly in the large gateway cities. Yet, there is no empirical study of the housing‐cost adjustments associated with migration. This study addresses this gap by empirically assessing whether migration is associated with housing affordability adjustments, whether migrating families increase or decrease their housing costs, whether demographic variations occur in these adjustments, and whether there are significant differences in the geographies of housing‐cost adjustments among migrant families. These questions are addressed using the Census 2000 county‐to‐county migration flows merged with Census measures, and the 2000 Public Use Micro‐Sample 5% National file. The results indicate significant changes in housing costs associated with migration, and interstate migration in particular. On average, the direction of migration is to more affordable places. Families migrating from the traditional gateway cities with a relatively high percentage of foreign‐born populations are the most likely to make enormous shifts in affordability. However, these moves do not correspond neatly with regional white‐flight theory. Hispanics are far more likely to decrease housing costs with migration, as are non‐citizens and naturalised citizens. This research makes an important contribution to debates within the family migration literature, including conjectures of regional white flight and gendered theories of migration. Family migration towards greater housing affordability appears strategic and embedded in larger issues of family work–life balance. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Family life course transitions and the economic consequences of internal migration
Authors: De Jong Gordon F. , Graefe Deborah Roempke 
Published: July 2008

AbstractDo family life course and migration events combine to improve or hurt family economic well‐being? The interaction effects of family life course events (i.e. became married, had a child, became separated/divorced) with migration are seldom conceptualised and measured in research on the economic well‐being of families. The more usual focus of the migration literature is on family and household structure rather than on family life course processes. Based on life course transition theory and longitudinal population survey data for the 1996–1999 and 2001–2003 panels of the Survey of Income and Program Participation, we utilise random coefficients models in an event‐history framework to provide new evidence on how before‐ and after‐migration life course events affect post‐migration family employment, family income and family poverty, for inter‐ and intra‐state migrants. The results show that, net the effect of factors selecting families and individuals to migrate, both inter‐ and intra‐state migration have negative impacts on family employment, poverty levels and income levels, but interstate migrants experience positive income growth. Separation and divorce markedly intensify the negative effects, but becoming married consistently interacts with migration to improve family economic well‐being. The causal order of family life course events and migration matters, with childbirth and separation/divorce after migration being particularly harmful to family economic well‐being. These effects are not mediated by state economic conditions. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Distance to parents and geographical mobility
Authors: Michielin Francesca , Mulder Clara H. , Zorlu Aslan 
Published: July 2008

AbstractWe investigate the likelihood of moving and the direction of moves with respect to the residential location of the parents, using rich administrative data for the Netherlands. We address the question of to what extent events and situations associated with increases in the need for support or contact between parents and adult children influence these moves. The results suggest that adult children take into account the residential location of their parents when their own need for support or contact increases, most notably in case of divorce. The parents' support needs, however, seem to have a much smaller influence on adult children's geographical mobility. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Admittance spectroscopy defect density of electrodeposited CuIn(S,Se)2 and its correlation with solar cells performances
Authors: Darga A. , Djebbour Z. , Mencaraglia D. , Migan Dubois A. , Connolly J.P. , Guillemoles J.F. , Lincot D. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractElectrodeposited CuIn(S,Se)2 based solar cells with varying CdS buffer layer thicknesses were studied by admittance spectroscopy. An electrically active defect was identified. Its density of states which varies with CdS layer deposition process was found to be correlated with solar cell performance. This defect seems to be CdS/CuIn(S,Se)2 interface defect or to be located within the grain boundaries of the absorber layer. Direct dark I–V measurements reveal that the dominant recombination mechanism is a tunnelling assisted process. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Studies of Ni–Mo electrodeposited alloys with polymers by Auger electron spectroscopy
Authors: Karolus M. , Rowinski E. , Lagiewka E. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe aim of this paper is the presentation of crystalline and band‐structure studies of electrodeposited Ni–Mo alloys with different polymers. Composites based on Ni–Mo alloys with polythiophene, polypyrrole and polyethylene were obtained by electrochemical methods. The structural analysis made by X‐ray diffraction shows that a solid solution of molybdenum in nickel is forming. The analysis of the diffraction line broadening indicates the presence of the Ni–Mo solution nanocrystallites in the deposited layers. The analyses of valence‐band Auger spectra have also shown that the change of electronic parameters is due to the presence of polymer elements. The existence of surface and bulk plasmons verifies the oxidized substrate with an average dielectric constant. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Identification and quantitation of auxins in plants by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry
Authors: Lu Qiaomei , Zhang Lan , Chen Tianwen , Lu Minghua , Ping Tong , Chen Guonan 
Published: July 2008

AbstractAuxin is an important phylohormone, which regulates specific physiological responses such as division, elongation and differentiation of cells. A new method using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (LC/ESI‐ITMS) has been developed for identification and quantitation of four auxins. Under the optimum conditions, four auxins (indole‐3‐acetic acid, indole‐3‐propionic acid, indole‐3‐butyric acid and 1‐naphthylacetic acid) were completely separated and quantitated within 7 min with a minimum detection limit of 8.0 ng mL−1 with relative standard deviations lower than 5.0%. This method also has been applied to analysis of auxins in Chinese cabbage where, even with a complicated serious background perturbation due to the natural biological matrix, the mean recoveries ranged from 77.5% to 99.8%. Finally, we discuss the MS‐relevant properties of the identified auxins in detail. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Underwater SLAM in man‐made structured environments
Authors: Ribas David , Ridao Pere , Tardós Juan Domingo , Neira José 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThis paper describes a navigation system for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) in partially structured environments, such as dams, harbors, marinas, and marine platforms. A mechanically scanned imaging sonar is used to obtain information about the location of vertical planar structures present in such environments. A robust voting algorithm has been developed to extract line features, together with their uncertainty, from the continuous sonar data flow. The obtained information is incorporated into a feature‐based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithm running an extended Kalman filter. Simultaneously, the AUV's position estimate is provided to the feature extraction algorithm to correct the distortions that the vehicle motion produces in the acoustic images. Moreover, a procedure to build and maintain a sequence of local maps and to posteriorly recover the full global map has been adapted for the application presented. Experiments carried out in a marina located in the Costa Brava (Spain) with the Ictineu AUV show the viability of the proposed approach. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Guiding the Self‐Assembly of a Second‐Generation Polyphenylene Dendrimer into Well‐Defined Patterns
Authors: Heyen An J. J. Ver , Buron Cédric C. , Tianshi Qin , Bauer Roland , Jonas Alain M. , Müllen Klaus , De Schryver Frans C. , De Feyter Steven 
Published: July 2008

AbstractA second‐generation polyphenylene dendrimer 1 is shown to self‐assemble into nanofibers. To guide the formation of the dendrimer fibers into well‐defined patterns, 1H,1H,2H,2H‐perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane is grafted in the gas phase onto a silicon substrate. De‐wetting of the solution on the nanopatterned surface results in the formation of a nanostructured template, into which fiber growth subsequently occurs under the constraints set by the de‐wetted morphology.
Placement of multiple mobile data collectors in underwater acoustic sensor networks
Authors: Alsalih Waleed , Hassanein Hossam , Akl Selim 
Published: July 2008

AbstractWe propose two schemes for routing and placement of mobile data collectors in underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs): the delay tolerant placement and routing (DTPR) and the delay constrained placement and routing (DCPR). As their names reveal, while the DTPR maximizes the lifetime of the network without any delay considerations, the DCPR maximizes the lifetime of the network with an upper bound on the maximum delay. Both schemes are based on a 3D architecture, in which on‐the‐surface data collectors gather data from underwater sensors and relay them to an on‐shore sink. We divide the lifetime of the network into fixed length rounds and move the data collectors to new locations at the beginning of each round.These problems are formulated as integer linear programs (ILPs), and we use an ILP solver to find the optimal placement of data collectors together with the multi‐hop routing paths to deliver data from underwater sensors to data collectors. Our work is a pioneering effort in the placement of mobile data collectors in three‐dimensional UASNs. Comprehensive experiments show that our schemes prolong the lifetime of the network significantly as compared to other data collector placement schemes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Abnormal expression and processing of uromodulin in Fabry disease reflects tubular cell storage alteration and is reversible by enzyme replacement therapy
Authors: Vylet'al P. , Hůlková H. , Živná M. , Berná L. , Novák P. , Elleder M. , Kmoch S. 
Published: July 2008

SummaryUromodulin (UMOD) malfunction has been found in a range of autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial nephropathies associated with hyperuricaemia, gouty arthritis, medullary cysts and renal failure—labelled as familial juvenile hyperuricaemic nephropathy, medullary cystic disease type 2 and glomerulocystic kidney disease. To gain knowledge of the spectrum of UMOD changes in various genetic diseases with renal involvement we examined urinary UMOD excretion and found significant quantitative and qualitative changes in 15 male patients at various clinical stages of Fabry disease. In untreated patients, the changes ranged from normal to a marked decrease, or even absence of urinary UMOD. This was accompanied frequently by the presence of aberrantly processed UMOD lacking the C‐terminal part following the K432 residue. The abnormal patterns normalized in all patients on enzyme replacement therapy and in some patients on substrate reduction therapy. Immunohistochemical analysis of the affected kidney revealed abnormal UMOD localization in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop and the distal convoluted tubule, with UMOD expression inversely proportional to the degree of storage. Our observations warrant evaluation of tubular functions in Fabry disease and suggest UMOD as a potential biochemical marker of therapeutic response of the kidney to therapy. Extended comparative studies of UMOD expression in kidney specimens obtained during individual types of therapies are therefore of great interest.
Grain quality in the Broadbalk Wheat Experiment and the winter North Atlantic Oscillation
Authors: ATKINSON M. D. , KETTLEWELL P. S. , POULTON P. R. , HOLLINS P. D. 
Published: July 2008

SUMMARYPrevious work has shown that the national average quality of the UK wheat crop from 1974 to 1999 was associated with the preceding winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The association of the winter NAO with the grain quality measure, specific weight, was shown to be mediated by sunshine duration during grain filling and unconditional wet day probability during grain ripening (the probability of a wet day following either a dry or a wet day). The present study tests the hypothesis that the association between specific weight and the winter NAO can be detected in data from 158 years of the Broadbalk Wheat Experiment at Rothamsted in south-east England. Specific weight from the Broadbalk Experiment responded to sunshine duration during grain filling and unconditional wet day probability during grain ripening in a similar way to the national average data. An association with the winter NAO was found in the Broadbalk data from 1956 to 2001, but not in the previous 112 years (1844–1955). This finding is consistent with other work showing significant correlations between the winter NAO and summer climate only in recent decades. It is concluded that the association between wheat quality and the NAO is a recent phenomenon.
DOES SEX OF CHILDREN MATTER? IMPLICATIONS FOR FERTILITY IN PAKISTAN
Authors: MUHAMMAD ALI 
Published: July 2008

SummaryPreference for children of either sex is considered a constraint on fertility decline as it induces many couples to keep adding on surviving children in the hope of having a desired sex composition of children. However, preferences for children of a particular sex may differ in relation to demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of women, traditional values and cultural practices, such as propagating a family name, providing economic advantages, and obtaining a medium of social and economic security in times of illness, unemployment and old age. Utilizing the Pakistan Integrated Household Survey (2001–02), this paper aims at investigating the existence of sex preference and examines sex preference differentials by different attributes of women in Pakistan. The results reveal that there is a desire to have another child in the presence of all children of one sex, either sons or daughters. The desire to have a son with only or mostly daughters, however, is stronger than the desire to have a daughter with only or mostly sons. This behaviour will retard fertility decline unless there is a shift in the desire to have children of both sexes in Pakistan.
PARENTAL SUPPLY AND OFFSPRING DEMAND AMONGST KARO BATAK MOTHERS AND CHILDREN
Authors: KUSHNICK GEOFF 
Published: July 2008

SummaryThe resolution of parent–offspring conflict (POC) might sway in favour of the offspring if the parent relies on offspring-supplied information about need. Here, three hypotheses from a resolution model of POC were tested using data on sickness histories and mother–infant interactions from 24 Karo Batak women and their young children from two rural villages in North Sumatra, Indonesia. First, as predicted, offspring with greater need (measured as age and propensity to illness) tended to fuss more often. Second, as expected, observed fussiness predicted the number of suckling occurrences observed during sampling periods. Third, contrary to the prediction, the duration of fussing observed after breast-feeding occurrences was longer than the duration of the breast-feeding occurrences themselves. Parental decisions were made based on offspring-supplied information about need, but offspring failed to garner resources in excess of the parental optimum. This suggests that a POC interpretation is unnecessary to account for these results.
Overweight, obesity and other risk factors for IHD in Brazilian schoolchildren
Authors: Barbiero Sandra Mari , Pellanda Lucia Campos , Cesa Claudia Ciceri , Campagnolo Paula , Beltrami Flávia , Abrantes Caroline C 
Published: July 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of overweight, obesity and nutritional habits in schoolchildren aged 10–18 years.MethodsContemporary, cross-sectional, population-based study, with a stratified probabilistic sample of secondary schools in Porto Alegre comprising a total of 511 schoolchildren. Data on family risk factors, anthropometrics and eating habits were collected.ResultsThe prevalence of excess weight was 27·6 % among the schoolchildren, with 17·8 % being overweight (BMI ≥ 85th and <95th percentile) and 9·8 % obese (BMI ≥ 95th percentile). Overweight was more prevalent in females (19·9 %) and obesity in males (11·8 %). Children who ate fewer meals per day tend to be more obese (mean: 3·51 (sd1·14)v. 4·22 (sd1·01) meals/d for students with normal weight). The mean weekly intake of unhealthy foods was 3·25 times for soft drinks, 2·91 for fried foods and 4·01 for sweets. The intake of skimmed milk (38·9 %) and diet soft drinks (20·9 %) was greater among obese children.ConclusionOverweight and obesity are increasing even in developing countries such as Brazil. Although many families are already taking measures towards healthier health habits, preventive actions must be considered a priority, with an emphasis on education, in order to avoid the need to treat obesity and its significant burden in the near future.
Dietary consumption of phytochemicals and breast cancer risk in Mexican women
Authors: Torres-Sanchez Luisa , Galvan-Portillo Marcia , Wolff Mary S , Lopez-Carrillo Lizbeth 
Published: July 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo perform an evaluation of selected phytochemicals intake and breast cancer (BC) risk in Mexican women.DesignWe conducted hospital-based case–control study.SettingMexico City between 1994 and 1996.SubjectsA total of 141 histologically confirmed BC cases were age-matched (±3 years) to an equal number of hospital controls. The reproductive history of each woman was obtained by direct interview. The dietary consumption of flavonols, flavones, flavan-3-ols, cinnamic acid, lariciresinol, pinoresinol, secoisolariciresinol, matairesinol and coumestrol was obtained by means of a validated FFQ.ResultsAmong postmenopausal women, high dietary intake of flavonols and flavones was associated with a significant reduction of BC risk (highv. low tertile: OR = 0·21, 95 % CI 0·07, 0·60,Pfor trend = 0·004 and OR = 0·29, 95 % CI 0·10, 0·82,Pfor trend = 0·025, respectively); consumption of lignans (lariciresinol and pinoresinol) showed a similar effect, but only among premenopausal women (highv. low tertile: OR = 0·32, 95 % CI 0·10, 0·99,Pfor trend = 0·051 and OR = 0·19, 95 % CI 0·06, 0·62,Pfor trend = 0·006, respectively).ConclusionsOur results support a protective role of specific dietary phytochemicals in BC risk by menopausal status, independent of other reproductive factors.
Influence of acculturation among Tunisian migrants in France and their past/present exposure to the home country on diet and physical activity
Authors: Méjean Caroline , Traissac Pierre , Eymard-Duvernay Sabrina , Delpeuch Francis , Maire Bernard 
Published: July 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo study how dietary patterns and physical activity vary with acculturation and with past and current exposure to socio-cultural norms of the home country among Tunisian migrants.DesignA retrospective cohort study was conducted using quota sampling (n 150) based on age and residence. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated FFQ. Physical activity level and dietary aspects were compared according to length of residence (acculturation), age at migration (past exposure) and social ties with the home country (current exposure).Subjects and settingTunisian migrant men residing in the South of France.ResultsMigrants who had lived in France for more than 9 years had a higher percentage contribution of meat to energy intake (P = 0·04), a higher Na intake (P = 0·04), a lower percentage contribution of sugar and sweets (P = 0·04) and a lower percentage of carbohydrates (P = 0·03) than short-term migrants. Men who migrated before 21 years of age had a higher Na intake than ‘late’ migrants (P = 0·02). Men who had distant social ties with Tunisia had a lower physical activity level (P = 0·01) whereas men who had close ties had a higher percentage of fat (P = 0·01) and a higher ratio of MUFA to SFA (P = 0·02).ConclusionsAcculturation led to a convergence of some characteristics to those of the host population, while some results (meat and salt consumption) were at variance with other acculturation studies. Past and current exposure to the home country helped maintain some positive aspects of the diet. Nevertheless, present dietary changes in Tunisia could soon lessen these features.