bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repair of mandibular fractures via compression plating and more traditional techniques: A comparison of results
Authors: Kellman Robert M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTo evaluate the results of compression plating in the repair of mandibular fractures, a retrospective analysis of mandibular fractures repaired at Upstate Medical Center in the past 3 years was performed. Only patients treated as inpatients were included. A total of 68 cases were reviewed, and follow‐up data were available in 59. Of these, 18 had been repaired using A‐O compression plating techniques, and the remaining 41 were treated using interosseous wiring, intermaxillary fixation, external fixation, soft diet, or any combination of these. Nonunion and malocclusion were considered major complications, while all other complications were considered minor. Using these criteria, there were no major complications in fractures treated with compression plates, and there were 6 minor complications in 4 patients (22% of patients). Using the more traditional techniques, there were 13 major complications, 6 malocclusions and 7 nonunions, or an incidence of 32%, and 5 minor complications in 4 patients (10% of patients). These findings suggest that compression plating is a useful and highly effective technique for repair of mandibular fractures. The technique generally obviates intermaxillary fixation and dental splints, particularly in the edentulous patient. The main disadvantage is the need for 2 open procedures.
Surgical treatment of pyriform sinus cancer: A retrospective study
Authors: Yates Alan , Crumley Roger L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPatients with squamous cell carcinoma of the pyriform sinus treated surgically from 1959 through 1979 at the University of California, San Francisco were reviewed. As several reports had previously suggested that the addition of radiation therapy, preoperatively or postoperatively, did not increase survival, our data collection and analysis was performed in such a way as to determine whether similar trends were present in our patients. Data were tabulated for patients having:1. surgery alone (SA);2. preoperative radiation and surgery (RS); and3. surgery and postoperative radiation (SR).The surgery alone group demonstrated the best results, with 65% 3‐year determinant survival, and 56% 5‐year survival, compared to 50% 3‐year and 33% 5‐year survivals in the combined groups. In this patient population, the increased death rate in the combined therapy group appeared to be due primarily to a higher distant metastasis rate (50%vs.26% for the surgery alone group).Although our numbers are too small for any of the comparisons to be significant, the findings of similar cure rates of pyriform sinus cancers by surgery alone support similar data from other authors. As staging was similar in the two groups, and none of the other variables examined appeared to explain these results, we could only conclude that further data is needed, and that the exact role of radiation therapy, in combination with surgery for pyriform sinus cancer remains to be defined.
Ventilation during laryngoscopy in chronic obstructive lung disease
Authors: Fredrickson John M. , Haight James S. , Soder Christian M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMany patients requiring direct examination of the upper airway and gastrointestinal tract under general anesthesia have chronic obstructive lung disease, yet virtually no work has been done to assess the adequacy of their ventilation during laryngoscopy and in the early postoperative period.This study demonstrates that, using the Carden tube, their blood gases are well maintained even when areas outside the endolarynx, such as the upper esophagus, are examined. The Carden tube is shown to be easy to insert and remove as well as permitting a superior view of the larynx. Also, this study pinpoints the period of maximum danger of respiratory failure as occurring postoperatively in the recovery room. This should be independent of the method of ventilation employed at surgery and indicates the need for cocainization of the vocal cords before extubation, as well as careful, early postoperative monitoring.The problems of ventilation during direct examination of the upper airway and gastrointestinal tract are discussed and alternative methods evaluated.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck: A clinical study of 37 cases
Authors: Dalmaso M. , Llppi L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThirty‐seven cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma treated at the Otolaryngologic Clinic of the University of Florence between 1962 and 1979 were studied. The patients were treated with radical surgical excision (20), non‐radical surgery associated with radiotherapy (13), or with palliative treatment (4).The aim of this study is to evaluate the course of the disease according to the site and type of operation. Our results show that nonradical surgical treatment associated with radiotherapy seems to give results comparable to those obtained with radical surgery alone.
Voice quality following laryngeal reinnervation by ansa hypoglossi transfer
Authors: Crumley Roger L. , Izdebski Krzysztof 
Published: October 2006

AbstractRecurrent laryngeal nerve injury resulting in chronic unilateral vocal fold paralysis has been treated traditionally by implantation of various materials into the paralyzed vocal fold. Although the usage of these techniques, especially Teflon®‐glycerin paste injection, has been clinically established, they do not restore full functionality to the larynx (abduction, adduction, and vibratory synchronization of the vocal folds). Restoration of these functions, necessary for improved phonation, has been achieved at least on an experimental basis by reinnervation techniques previously described.This study demonstrates excellent human voice quality following reinnervation of the vocal folds in two cases using ansn hypoglossi‐recurrent laryngeal nerve anastomosis. Although the reinnervated vocal fold neither abducted nor adducted, it presented itself in the midline for precise apposition with the nonparalyzed cord. Voice data were analyzed within a single subject experimental design at the following intervals: preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, midterm, and long‐term (3 and 6 years). The data was analyzed by subjective and objective means, including acoustics and electroglottography. Patient selection, surgical techniques, results, and implications are reviewed.
Spontaneous csf otorrhea from tegmen and posterior fossa defects
Authors: Ferguson Berrylin J. , Wilkins Robert H. , Hudson William , Farmer Joseph 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSpontaneous cerebrospinal otorrhea (SCSFO) from tegmen or posterior fossa defects is uncommon. Twenty‐nine cases have been detailed in the literature to date. We report an additional four cases from three patients. This group of 33 cases of SCSFO from tegmen or posterior fossa defects is characterized by certain clinical features. These patients are usually older adults (mean age 48 years, range 8 months to 80 years). Aural fullness with a serous appearing middle ear effusion, or clear otorrhea, often subsequent to tube myringotomy, are the usual initial symptoms. Meningitis was the initial manifestation in eight patients (24%), and ultimately occurred in an additional four patients (12%).The pathophysiologic basis for SCSFO from tegmen defects is discussed. Methods for diagnosing and treating CSF otorrhea from tegmen defects are reviewed.
Treatment of secretory otitis and pneumatization
Authors: Stangerup Sven‐Eric , Tos Mirko 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn 33 children, median age 4 years, with bilateral secretory otitis, adenoidectomy was performed, a grommet was inserted in the right ear, and paracentesis was done on the left side. Seven years postoperatively x‐rays were taken of the children's mastoid cell systems and these were measured by planimetry. A significantly larger cell system was found on the side with grommets, which is considered to support the environmental theory of pneumatization.
Amelioration of Cisplatin‐Induced ototoxicity by fosfomycin
Authors: Schweitzer Vanessa G. , Dolan David F. , Davidson Thomas , Abrams Gerald E. , Bs Ronald Snyder 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe continued chemotherapeutic application of cisplatin (cis‐diamminedichloroplatinum [II]) necessitates reduction of its doselimiting toxicity without decreasing its tumoricidal effect. This research project evaluated the efficacy of fosfomycin, a phosphonic acid antibiotic, in decreasing or ameliorating the ototoxicity (high frequency sensorineural hearing loss) and nephrotoxicity (renal tubular necrosis and interstitial nephritis) of cisplatin. Experimentally, fosfomycin effectively inhibits aminoglycoside‐induced ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity in animals and humans. The efficacy of fosfomycin in blocking platinum‐induced toxicity in the guinea pig was evaluated histologically and functionally using cytocochleography and light microscopy of the organ of Corti and the auditory brain stem evoked response (ABR), and light microscopy of renal corticomedullary tissues, small bowel, liver, lung, and peripheral nerve. The results demonstrate that fosfomycin ameliorates the acute renal tubular necrosis and interstitial nephritis and markedly inhibits the elevation of ABR thresholds and simultaneous outer hair cell loss that can result from cisplatinum administration. Fosfomycin should be considered apotential antidote for the dose‐limiting ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity of cisplatin chemotherapy.
Vestibular morphological analysis of the effects of cisplatin VS. platinum analogs, CBDCA (JM‐8)
Authors: Schweitzer Vanessa G. , Rarey Kyle E. , Abrams Gerald E. , Dolan David F. , Sheridan Christine 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSynthetic second generation chemotherapeutic platinum analogs are presently being tested to identify an analog with greater antitumor activity, but less ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity than cisplatin. The objective of this study was to analyze potential vestibular effects of cisplatin and of the two platinum analogs, CBDCA (cis‐diammine 1,1‐cyclobutane dicarboxylato [2]‐0,0 platinum or JM‐8) and CHIP (cis‐dichlorotransdihydroxybisisopropylamine platinum [IV] or JM‐9) using scanning and transmission electron microscopy of vestibular neuroepithelium from the albino guinea pig. Vestibular neuroepithelial damage was not demonstrated in either cisplatin‐ or the analog‐treated animals when administered at equitoxic doses.
Anatomic basis for labyrinthine preservation during posterior fossa acoustic tumor surgery
Authors: Kartush Jack M. , Telian Steven A. , Graham Malcolm D. , Kemink John L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractEarlier diagnosis of acoustic tumors promises to increase our opportunity to identify patients with serviceable hearing. Critical to a posterior fossa transmeatal approach for acoustic tumor resection is preservation of the underlying labyrinth. Although the labyrinth has been recognized as a limiting factor in exposure of tumor in the internal auditory canal, few reports have detailed the microscopic surgical anatomy posterior to the internal auditory canal. An anatomic study was undertaken to determine consistent relationships between critical structures within the temporal bone relevant to hearing preservation surgery. The results of this study indicate that, whereas topographic landmarks are helpful for orientation, the more consistent relationship of the labyrinth to the vestibular aqueduct and singular canal allows a more accurate localization of the underlying labyrinth. Although the vestibule frequently prevents direct visualization of the transverse crest, a dissection based upon the microsurgical anatomy will maximize visualization of the lateral fundus while preserving the integrity of the labyrinth.
Phonatory characteristics associated with bilateral diffuse polypoid degeneration
Authors: Bennett Suzanne , Bishop Sandra , Lumpkin Samuel M. M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis paper describes the speaking fundamental frequency (SFF) and phonational range characteristics of 35 patients with bilateral diffuse polypoid degeneration. These speakers had average SFFs that were not only substantially lower than normal but also below those associated with many other types of laryngeal pathology. These patients also had phonational ranges that were substantially different from normal. Although both extremes of the pitch range were altered, the upper limit of the voice range was affected profoundly by the morphologic changes in the vocal folds that occur as a result of polypoid degeneration.
Preoperative assessment of tracheoesophageal speech
Authors: Baugh Reginald F. , Lewin Jan S. , Baker Shan R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAir insufflation testing of tracheoesophageal (TE) puncture candidates as currently practiced lacks objectivity and relies on subjective evaluation of the sound produced. Intraesophageal pressure measurements were obtained from 21 consecutive laryngectomized patients during air insufflation by either experienced examiners or a compressed air source at 1 liter or 3 liters per minute. Postoperatively, three levels of TE speech fluency were identified. Preoperative intraesophageal pressure measurements were associated with a specific post‐TE puncture speech fluency result. Intraesophageal pressure measurements may offer a reliable objective preoperative assessment of post‐TE puncture speech fluency and identify patients who would benefit from pharyngeal myotomy at the time of TE puncture.
The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (siadh) following neck dissection
Authors: Wenig Barry L. , Heller Keith S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is characterized by hyponatremia and urinary osmolality generally greater than serum osmolality. It is due to inappropriate water retention resulting from excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).Seventeen patients undergoing neck dissection were studied. Six developed SIADH and two became symptomatic due to profound hyponatremia. Five of the six patients who developed SIADH had previously undergone a neck dissection and/or had received radiation therapy. A suggested pathophysiologic mechanism for this phenomenon is discussed. The syndrome can usually be prevented by fluid restriction during and after surgery.
Treatment of cervical esophageal stenosis with a long‐term indwelling prosthesis
Authors: Goode Richard L. , Burgess Lawrence P. A. , Glenn Michael G. , Schwarz Matthew B. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIntubation of the cervical esophagus with a long‐term indwelling prosthesis is described to palliate malignant strictures, and manage benign strictures in high‐risk patients. The inner cannula of a Moore design tracheostomy tube was used as the prosthesis. Over a 10‐year period, seven cases were managed in this fashion. The tube remained in place in five of seven patients for periods of 1.5 to 11 months, while a pureed or well‐masticated soft diet was tolerated. There were no major complications in this small series. Retrograde displacement was the most common minor complication; displacement did not occur in the last two cases after addition of a silicone sponge ring to the distal end of the prosthesis. Pain and discomfort was experienced in two cases, requiring temporary removal in one patient.
Function in the pharyngoesophageal segment
Authors: Mendelsohn Martyn S. , McConnel Fred M. S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractExamination of the pharyngoesophageal (PE) segment is usually limited to manometry or barium swallow. Manofluorography is a technique which allows simultaneous analysis of both manometry and videofluoroscopy of deglutition on a single video screen. Using manofluorography, the physician can see the cause of the manometric pressure waves. Understanding of the PE segment pathophysiology has been limited. Dysfunction is usually labeled as cricopharyngeal achalasia or incoordination, which may lead to cricopharyngeal myotomy. However, this approach has yielded poor results. This study demonstrates that laryngeal elevation and timing of the swallowing reflex also play an important role in controlling pressures and function in the PE segment during deglutition. These factors must also be examined in assessment of cricopharyngeal dysfunction to guide appropriate management.
Epistaxis: Medical versus surgical therapy: A comparison of efficacy, complications, and economic considerations
Authors: Schaitkin Barry , Strauss Melvin , Houck John R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA retrospective review of 4 years experience with over 32 epistaxis patients requiring hospitalization and using a standard medical or surgical therapy for control is presented. Medical therapy included the use of anterior nasal packing alone or in association with intranasal and nasopharyngeal balloon tamponade. Surgical therapy, for the most part, consisted of ethmoid and/or internal maxillary artery ligations.Most patients were treated initially with packing and balloons. Fifty‐two percent of the group failed this therapy and required ligations for control. The patients who did not come to operation had fewer complications, a shorter average hospital stay, and lower average cost of hospitalization without increased risk of future epistaxis. An analysis is made comparing the results, complications, and financial implications of these two approaches.
Surgical complications of bedside tracheotomy in an otolaryngology residency program
Authors: Goldstein Steven I. , Breda Stephen D. , Schneider Kenneth L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA prospective analysis of 124 consecutive adult patients undergoing tracheotomy was performed to examine the incidence of resulting complications. All tracheotomies were performed by a junior otolaryngology resident under the supervision of a member of the attending staff or a chief resident. The vast majority were performed at the bedside in an intensive care unit. The complications were divided into two groups: early (within 2 days) and late (2 to 14 days). Seven patients had complications directly related to tracheotomy. Four of these complications occurred in three patients and were considered significant. There were no mortalities. Despite the fact that our tracheotomies were routinely performed by residents at the bedside, our complication rate was comparable to those reported from other centers. We believe that bedside tracheotomy, properly supervised and performed, is a safe procedure.
The use of sialodochoplasty in the treatment of benign inflammatory obstructive submandibular gland disease
Authors: Rontal Michael , Rontal Eugene 
Published: October 2006

AbstractOne of the most common causes of submandibular gland enlargement is benign inflammatory disease. The usual cause is ductal outflow obstruction due to either a calculus or stenosis allowing stasis and retrograde movement of the saliva into the acinar structures leading to an inflammatory response and gland enlargement.Faced with a submandibular mass, a work‐up that will rule out neoplastic causes of submandibular enlargement is instituted. This includes clinical assessment, probing of the gland, radiocontrast sialography, and CT scanning.The treatment should reflect the obstructive nature of the disease. Plastic reconstruction of the duct allows the removal of calculi, shortening of the duct, and enlargement of the outflow opening preventing recurrence and allowing healing of the gland. The procedure is performed intraorally as an outpatient, does not disrupt oral functioning, or subject the patient to the risks of gland removal or loss of that organ's function.Our experience with 27 patients over a 7‐year period is presented with a detailed description of the technique and an analysis of the results. The procedure was successful in 22 of the 27 patients.
Primary lymphoma in the salivary glands: Report of five cases and review of the literature
Authors: Shikhani Alain , Lenhard Raymond , Samara Milhem , Salem Philip , Allam Charles 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe finding of a lymphoma in a major salivary gland could mean one of two things: either it is part of a disseminated process, or it is the first clinicopathologic evidence of lymphoma. In the latter instance, whether the disease originated in the glandular stroma itself or in a paraglandular lymph node and then invaded the stroma, the lymphoma is defined as primary, as long as there is no detectable disease outside the salivary gland. Five cases of primary salivary gland lymphomas are described. All had a complete clinical staging including chest x‐ray, bilateral bone marrow biopsy, liver‐spleen scan, bilateral pedal lymphangiography and/or abdominal CT scan. There was no evidence of lymphoma outside the gland in any of the patients described; hence, these can be labeled as primary lymphomas of the salivary gland. Review of the literature suggests that this presentation of the disease is extremely rare. Although 324 cases of salivary gland lymphomas have been described in the literature, only six may be considered primary by our criteria. The remaining patients were either not adequately staged or had documented evidence of disease elsewhere at the time of diagnosis. The diagnosis of primary salivary gland lymphoma should not be made unless complete staging is performed.
The pattern and stability of postmeningitic hearing loss in children
Authors: Brookhouser Patrick E. , Auslander Martha C. , Meskan Mary E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFollowing meningitis, 280 children (168 boys, 112 girls) had audiological assessment, and 87 (31%) were initially found to have a sensorineural hearing loss in one or both ears. Twenty‐three children were followed elsewhere. Of 64 children followed for an average of 3.46 years, 55 (86%) exhibited stable auditory thresholds over time, most commonly (24) bilateral, profound/anacusic losses. One moderate and four severe losses were identified, but no bilateral, mild losses. Nineteen children had asymmetric losses with varied audiometric configurations. Seven children presented with a unilateral hearing loss, again with a range of configurations. Auditory thresholds changed over time in nine children, either improving, declining, or fluctuating, over a variable interval ranging from 1 month to 12 years.
Congenital cholesteatomas in children: An embryologic correlation
Authors: Levenson Mark J. , Michaels Leslie , Parisier Simon C. , Juarbe Charles 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe clinical findings in 37 children with congenital cholesteatoma of the middle ear, 17 of which have not been previously reported, are presented. Clinical findings and surgical observations are correlated with recent developmental studies. It is hypothesized that congenital cholesteatoma may originate from an epidermoid formation, which has been identified in the anterior superior lateral tympanic cavity adjacent to the anterior annulus during fetal development, and which normally is present early in development, involuting by 33 weeks' gestation. It is proposed that the epidermoid formation may not always involute, and could serve as an embryologic anlage of congenital cholesteatomas.
Esophageal web in plummer‐vinson syndrome
Authors: Okamura Hiroshi , Tsutsumi Shoichiro , Inaki Shoko , Mori Toshihiro 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn Plummer‐Vinson syndrome, esophagography often reveals a web at the anterior wall of the cervical esophagus. The pathogenesis of the esophageal web and the cause of dysphagia in this syndrome were investigated radiographically, endoscopically, manometrically, and histologically. It was considered that the web seen in the esophagogram may have been formed due to the restriction of dilation of the esophageal wall, which results from repetitive inflammation and the subsequent healing process. Dysphagia in this syndrome may be explained by a decrease in swallowing power. Iron deficiency anemia may play the main role in the above histological changes and the resulting decrease in swallowing power.