bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Burkitt's tumour in england a comparison with childhood lymphosarcoma
Authors: Wright D. H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe histological sections of 63 English cases of non‐leukaemic lymphosarcoma of childhood have been reviewed. On histological criteria 50 cases were classified as non‐leukaemic lymphosarcoma, 9 as Burkitt's tumour and in 4 cases an equivocal diagnosis was made. The 9 children diagnosed as having Burkitt's tumour showed a similar clinical and anatomical tumour distribution to cases of Burkitt's tumour described from Africa, with a high incidence of jaw involvement and multiple visceral tumours. In contrast, most of the 50 cases diagnosed as lymphosarcoma presented with superficial lymphadenopathy, tumours of the lymphoid tissue of Waldeyer's ring, mediastinal masses or intussusception.Burkitt's tumour is composed of cells that closely resemble lymphocytes transformed by phytohaemagglutinin. It is suggested that the tumour should be defined and classified on the basis of this cell type.The hypothesis that Burkitt's tumour may be induced by an insect‐vectored virus is based mainly on the distribution of the tumour in tropical Africa. The implication of the English cases of Burkitt's tumour, reported here, is discussed in relation to this hypothesis.
Biological characteristics of primary tumors induced by polyoma virus in hamsters
Authors: Defendi V. , Lehman J. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEleven primary subcutaneous tumors induced by polyoma virus in hamsters were analyzed for morphology, growth capacity in vitro, transplantability and karyology. In most cases, cultures prepared from these tumors grew for a few generations and then degenerated with loss of a majority of cells; from the few surviving cells, a population emerged that was able to grow indefinitely in vitro.The initial explanted population differed from that which emerged from the degenerative phase in its susceptibility to the toxic activity of 3,4‐benzo (a)pyrene and in its high MTD (median tumor dose) values (105–106 cells) when transplanted in adult hamsters. The MTD decreased to 102–103 cells with prolonged growth in vitro. Cultures derived from the transplanted tumors grew permanently in vitro and had low MTD values. All the tumors were aneuploid with a prevalent near‐diploid mode and remained so even after prolonged growth in vitro. No common karyotypic changes were observed, but in 4/8 tumors there was a chromosome marker longer than the X. The long chromosome of the various lines differed in the arm ratios. The occurrence of monosomy and trisomy of pairs ≠1 and ≠21 was not random in 4/8 primary tumors.A comparison with previous studies of hamster embryo cells infected in vitro with polyoma virus indicates that there is a strong parallelism in the biological properties and progression toward neoplasia between cell populations infected in vivoor in vitro by the virus.
Covalent binding of 4‐dimethylaminophenylazo‐3H‐benzene (butter yellow) metabolites with liver ribosomal RNA: The dissociation of the binding mechanism from the orotic acid incorporating system
Authors: Roberts J. J. , Warwick G. P. 
Published: February 2007

Abstract
No overall correlation between the binding of 3H‐labelled metabolites of 4‐dimethylaminophenylazobenzene (DAB) to the r‐RNA of liver, spleen and kidney and the incorporation of orotic acid‐14C into the same fractions after the same time was observed.
While actinomycin D inhibited the incorporation of orotic acid‐14C into liver r‐RNA it did not cause a similar depression in the binding of 3H‐labelled metabolites of DAB to r‐RNA.
Actinomycin D did not affect the overall metabolism of DAB as judged by the binding of 3H‐labelled metabolites to liver cytoplasmic and nuclear protein fractions.
These results suggest that the association of radioactivity with liver r‐RNA following injection of DAB‐3H is mediated by reactions independent of the orotic acid incorporation mechanism. They also confirm the earlier findings that reaction with liver r‐RNA is particularly favoured compared to that with r‐RNA from other sites.
Absence of specific chromosome alterations in bovine lung fibroblasts exposed to rous sarcoma virus
Authors: Pontén Jan , Lithner Folke 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBovine lung fibroblasts from individual embryos were exposed to three different strains of Rous sarcoma virus (Bryan, Engelbreth‐Holm, Schmidt‐Ruppin) in vitro. Chromosomal analysis early as well as late after infection, including cultures with advanced morphologic cell transformation, failed to disclose any aberrations exceeding the findings in control cultures grown in parallel under identical conditions. Simian virus 40, on the other hand, caused pronounced changes with widely scattered heteroploid counts and various rearrangements.
Essai de classification clinique tnm dans le cancer du sein
Authors: Lalanne C. M. , Juret P. , Hourtoule F. , Sarrazin D. , Rouquette C. 
Published: February 2007

TNM classification in cancer of the breastThe TNM classification for breast cancer has been used at the Institut Gustave Roussy (I.G.R.) since 1960 following the recommendations of the International Union Against Cancer. It has been possible to stage nearly all cases (93%) and on preliminary experience the classification has been satisfactory. It is essential that the staging be carried out when the patient is first seen and not made retrospectively. The groups obtained are quite homogeneous but vary in size. The signs which appear to have been most important in determining the stage of a tumor are size, adherence to skin or pectoral muscle. If patients presenting with distant metastases and those retrospectively staged are excluded, the number of T1 cases is small (2%) in comparison with T2 (33%) and T3 (37%).The 3‐year survival rate assessed on 199 patients staged according to the TNM classification underlines the advantages of the classification: T1, 100%, T2, 81%; T3, 68%; T4, 58%; N0 + N1, 78%; N2 + N3, 46%; M0, 70%; M1, 19%.Means of improving distribution between the various groups and homogeneity within each group are reviewed. Additional information is needed in certain cases, for example, the method of measuring the tumour, assessment of pectoral adherence, whether or not it was provoked by muscle contraction. The definition of adenopathy “fixed en bloc” and its eventual replacement by other criteria, the classification of multiple tumours in one breast or cases apparently bilateral at onset and finally details of extension “beyond the tumour” or “beyond the mammary region”. Thus in spite of its deficiences we have found the TNM classification of breast cancer to be a useful tool and will continue to use it. We feel however that it should be periodically reviewed and adjusted in the light of fresh experience.
A colony inhibition (CI) technique for demonstration of tumor cell destruction by lymphoid cells in vitro
Authors: Hellström Ingegerd 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA colony inhibition technique is described which was used to demonstrate that immune lymphocytes have a destructive effect on cultivated tumor target cells, if the target cells contain H‐2 isoantigens or tumor‐specific antigens foreign to the lymphocytes. Untreated allogeneic lymphocytes and lymphoma cells, added to the target cells together with phytohemagglutinin, were also effective in reducing the number of colonies formed.
Spermidine, spermine and glutathione in Rd/3 sarcoma rats
Authors: Neish W. J. P. , Key Linda 
Published: February 2007

AbstractConcentrations of the polyamines spermidine and spermine and of glutathione have been studied in livers of normal rats and in livers and tumours of rats bearing Rd/3 sarcoma transplants. In livers of tumour‐bearing rats it was found that the spermidine content increased and glutathione content diminished with increasing tumour size.
Ètude du mècanisme de l'induction chez des cellules de hamster syrien transformèes par le virus SV40 I. Propriètès d'une lignèe cellulaire clonale
Authors: Tournier P. , Cassingena R. , Wicker R. , Coppey J. , Suarez H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA clonal cell line (clone 2 TSV‐5) has been derived from a primary SV40 Syrian hamster turmor.Association of clone 2 TSV‐5 cells to kidney cells of some animal species (Cercopithecus monkey, Rhesus monkey, Man) allows to recover infectious SV40 virus from the mixed cultures. This phenomenon can be considered an induction phenomenon.The clone 2 TSV‐5 is characterized by a mean frequency of induction by association of 6%, but the SV40 genome is entirely present in all these clonal cells. The induced SV40 virus is similar to the SV40 virus by which the clone 2 TSV‐5 cells have been originally converted. The clone 2 TSV‐5 is not inducible by rabbit kidney cells, by mouse embryo cells or by human KB cells. It is neither inducible by × or ultraviolet irradiations, nor by several chemical agents, such as mitomycin C, proflavine and hydrogen peroxide.Three other Syrian hamster cell lines converted by SV40 virus are not inducible by Cercopithecus monkey kidney cells. It is assumed that these malignant cells contain only a portion of the viral genome.
Further studies on mammary tumours induced in rats by 7,12‐dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)
Authors: Daniel Peter M. , Prichard Marjorie M. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMammary tumours were induced in female Sprague‐Dawley rats by a single oral dose of 20 mg of 7,12‐dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) given when the rats were 50 days old. The tumours were of three main types: non‐secreting adenomata, milk‐secreting adenomata and fibro‐adenomata. The histological appearance of the nonsecreting adenomata was similar to that of tumours induced by 3‐methylcholanthrene. The appearance of the milk‐secreting adenomata, with prominent vacuoles in the epithelial cells and milk filling the lumen of the acini, resembled the picture of the normal mammary gland of the rat in late pregnancy. The tumours which appeared earliest were the non‐secreting adenomata, and most of these tumours developed during the first 6 months after administration of DMBA. In the first 5 months milk‐secreting adenomata and fibro‐adenomata were rare, but after this time nearly all the tumours which developed were either milk‐secreting adenomata or fibro‐adenomata. The milk‐secreting adenomata, though late in appearing, were the most numerous of all the tumours induced. The reasons for describing the tumours as adenomata rather than carcinomata are given.Hypophysectomy was very effective in causing regression of the non‐secreting adenomata. Less successful results were obtained by removal of the ovaries and adrenal glands.
Aspects ultrastructuraux des tumeurs de souris induites par l'adénovirus 12
Authors: Salomon J.‐Ci. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a study of the ultrastructure of tumors induced in mice by adenovirus 12, no intranuclear adenovirus particles could be found. In some nuclei, however, there were inclusions resembling those observed during the lytic cycles of adenovirus 12. There was an abundance of intracytoplasmic particles of type A and type C. Deposits of a very dense substance were found along the external surface of the cell membranes and also in the neighborhood of the C particles.
Neutralization kinetics of friend and rauscher leukemia viruses studied with the spleen focus assay method
Authors: Steeves R. A. , Axelrad A. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe rates of neutralization of Friend and Rauscher viruses in vitro by specific antisera were measured with the spleen focus assay method in order to obtain quantitative information on the antigenic relationship between these viruses. Sera were obtained from C3H mice pretreated with formalinized cell suspensions from leukemias induced in the same strain by Friend, Rauscher, Moloney, Gross and Graffi viruses; the Friend and Rauscher virus preparations used were harvested from the plasma of infected C3H mice, and the titrations of residual virus were also carried out in mice of the C3H strain.Both Friend and Rauscher viruses were neutralized by sera from mice pretreated with Friend, Rauscher and Moloney leukemias, but no neutralizing activity was detected in sera from mice pretreated with either Gross or Graffi leukemias. Friend and Rauscher viruses behaved identically to one another with regard to the kinetics of their neutralization, whether antisera prepared against Friend or Rauscher or Moloney leukemias were used, and despite marked differences in the potency and quality of these antisera. The data are considered to provide strong evidence that the antigenic sites on Friend and Rauscher viruses which participate in these neutralization reactions are identical.
Studies on allogeneic inhibition III. Inhibition of mouse tumor cell colony formation in vitro by contact with lymphoid cells containing foreign H‐2 antigens
Authors: Hellström K. E. , Hellström I. , Bergheden C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA colony inhibition (CI) technique was used to demonstrate that lymphocytes and lymphoma cells derived from allogeneic or “semi‐syngeneic” F1 hybrid hosts decreased the plating efficiency ofhomozygous mouse tumor cells in comparison to lymphoid cells of the syngeneic type. Phytohemagglutinin was present in all experiments. Syngeneic lymphocytes and lymphoma cells also reduced plating efficiencies compared to untreated controls, if they were added in high ratios, but this effect was significantly smaller than with allogeneic and F1 hybrid cells.The data strongly indicate that allogeneic inhibition of mouse tumor cells is due to their exposure to foreign H‐2 isoantigens or to cellular material closely associated with these antigens. They also support the postulate that cellbound immunity reactions, as studied with mouse cells in vitro, are partly due to exposure of the target cells to foreign H‐2 isoantigens of the added lymphoid cells.
Spontaneous lymphoblastoid transformation of long‐term cell cultures from human malignant lymphoma
Authors: Pontén Jan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLong‐term tissue cultures of human malignant lymphomas have been compared to cultures of lymphadenitis and normal skin. A modified Trowell grid type of culture was used. Six out of six cases of malignant lymphoma differed from the control cultures by exhibiting patches of irregular, apparently random growth of fibroblastoid cells. Three of these six cultures underwent a lymphoblastoid transformation morphologically similar to the alteration described by Benyesh‐Melnick et al. (1963) in a small fraction of bone marrow cultures obtained from leukemic children. The process involved growth of fibroblastoid cells during a preliminary stage lasting 9–18 weeks after explantation. After this the cultures changed into a system consisting of reticulum‐like cells with apparent differentiation to lymphoblast‐ and lymphocyte‐like elements. The reticulolymphoid cells could only be grown and maintained in the presence of fibroblastic cells. Heterologous and homologous fibroblastic cells could be used, but the best survival and multiplication of the reticulo‐lymphoid cells was obtained in mixtures with autologous fibroblastic elements. Lymphoblastoid transformation seemed to require that the original explants be kept as intact grid cultures for a minimum time of about 6–12 weeks corresponding to at least three grid transfers.No lymphoblastoid transformation was observed in five non‐malignant lymphnodes.The only transformed culture analyzed showed a chromosome number of 47. The extra chromosome was a large metacentric which resembled a normal chromosome No. 3. All dividing cells apparently had the same chromosome change.Fibroblastic cells from non‐neoplastic skin or lymph‐nodes had a finite life span in vitro of about the same length regardless of whether they were trypsinized and subcultivated or transferred as undisturbed grid cultures.
Malignancies at the hospital of Doctor Albert Schweitzer, Lambaréné, Gabon, 1950–1965
Authors: Denues A. R. T. , Munz Walter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecords from 1950 through 1965 for 64,297 persons seen at the Hospital of Dr. Albert Schweitzer, Lambaréné, Gabon (equatorial West Africa) disclose 196 histologically‐proven malignancies. Dominated by carcinomas, chiefly of the genitourinary and alimentary tracts, these malignancies also include substantial numbers of lymphomas and sarcomas. Although primary cancers of the liver were found, no evidence was found at Lambaréné of certain other tumors prevalent elsewhere in Africa. No nasopharyngeal or esophageal cancers were recorded; further, few malignancies were recorded for young persons, and for children no evidence was found of leukemias or the malignant lymphoma of Burkitt. A near‐constant proportion of numbers of malignancies to total numbers of histopathological reports was found throughout the 16‐year period 1950–1965; this result does not support the suggestion of an increased general prevalence of malignancies during recent years. Collectively, the data extend the published information for malignancies in equatorial West Africa, and suggest several directions—both clinical and endemiologic—for studies at Lambaréné.
RNA with high template activity from leukaemic myeloblasts (Bai strain a virus‐induced avian myeloblastosis) I. Optimal conditions for its isolation and activity in the subcellular protein‐synthesizing system
Authors: Trávníč M. , Veprek L. , Ríman J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree methods of phenol fractionation of metabolically active RNA of leukaemic myeloblasts were compared on the basis of the template activity of the isolated fractions. It was shown that the method of phenol fractionation based on increasing the extraction temperature is most suitable for obtaining a fraction substantially enriched in template active RNA.Standardization of the extraction conditions employed (the use of acetate buffer pH6) led to the separation of RNA of high template activity (65°‐RNA) not contaminated with DNA and highly purified with respect to the presence of other cellular RNAs.The template activity of isolated RNA fractions was tested in the subcellular protein‐synthesizing system from E. coli under the optimal conditions described here with respect to the function of the RNA fraction with the highest template activity (65°‐ RNA).It was found that the 65°‐RNA fraction has characteristic sedimentation properties, a nucleotide composition resembling the DNA of leukaemic myeloblasts and, by its high template activity, meets the requirements of a highly purified preparation of m RNA. Its template activity, tested by incorporation of two amino acids (2160 pmol leucine, 578 pmol phenylalanine/mg RNA) exceeds several‐fold the highest values of template activity so far published for ribonucleic acids isolated from the cells of higher organisms.It was found that the same results can be achieved by applying the method to other types of tissue, such as normal chick liver tissue.
Étude chromosomique de tumeurs provoquées chez le hamster Syrien par le 20‐méthylcholanthrène
Authors: Horacio Suarez Rolando Cassingena Et 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrimary tumors induced in the Syrian hamster by 20‐methylcholanthrene exhibit a diploid stemline.After several passages in vitro or in vivo, some of these tumors still show a diploid stemline.In the different tumors studied, the idiogram analysis reveals the presence of pseudo‐diploid mitoses but does not indicate any specific karyotype modification.
Effects of freund's adjuvant on adenovirus oncogenesis and antibody production in hamsters
Authors: Berman L. D. , Allison A. C. , Pereira H. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHamsters were inoculated with varied regimens of adenovirus type 12 and complete Freund's adjuvant neonatally, and/or during the latent period preceding appearance of tumors. Virus and/or adjuvant were administered either separately or together as emulsions. In all instances adjuvant treatment up to one week of age reduced the incidence of tumors as compared to that in animals receiving a single dose of virus. Complement‐fixing antibodies to virion or “T” antigens were not demonstrable in animals failing to develop tumors following neonatal inoculation of virus with or without adjuvant. However, subsequent administration of virus with or without adjuvant led to production of high liter antibodies, so that the first injection of virus had not made the animals tolerant to virion or “T” antigens. Administration of virus/adjuvant emulsions after the 5th or 6th day of life produced high tilers of anti‐virion antibodies regardless of tumor production. Only animals with tumors produced measurable quantities of anti‐ T antibody. These results suggest that oncogenesis by adenovirus can be impeded by non‐specific immunological stimuli during the latent period.
Embryonal serum α‐globulin in cancer patients: Diagnostic value
Authors: Abelev G. I. , Assecritova I. V. , Kraevsky N. A. , Perova S. D. , Perevodchikova N. I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera of 308 patients, of whom 242 were suffering from various types of tumours and 66 from non‐cancerous diseases, were tested for the presence of αf‐globulin. The reaction was positive in 17 out of 28 patients with primary cancer of the liver. Among these there were 18 cases with tumours of the hepatocellular type, and 14 of these gave a positive αf‐globulin reaction. The test was negative in 67 patients with metastatic liver tumours.This confirms Tatarinov's (1964) findings indicating that αf‐globulin is detected in sera of patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma. In addition, αf‐globulin was found in some patients with mixed hepatocellular and cholangiocellular carcinoma.The fact that the αf‐globulin test is usually positive in hepatocellular and mixed liver carcinomas and negative in metastatic liver tumours makes it potentially useful for the differential diagnosis of liver tumours.αf‐globulin was found also in the blood of patients with testicular teratoblastoma, which exhibited some elements of embryonal carcinoma. This novel finding cannot be interpreted as yet. The test was negative in other types of testicular tumours.
Burkitt's lymphoma outside the known endemic areas of Africa and New Guinea
Authors: Burkitt Denis 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBurkitt's lymphoma (African lymphoma) was first thought to be limited to tropical and subtropical areas of Africa and New Guinea. The histological criteria described by Wright in 1963 and 1964 made it possible to distinguish the tumour from other forms of malignant lymphoma in children and led to the discovery of a number of undoubted cases of Burkitt's lymphoma in many countries. Retrospective surveys of histological sections have in fact brought to light 65 cases in territories outside tropical Africa. Prior to recognition of the disease as a separate entity, references to probable cases were made in 22 papers from the United States, France, India, and Vietnam. African lymphoma has actually been diagnosed in 23 cases in 10 countries outside Central Africa. The study of fresh imprint preparations, together with new techniques in tissue culture and electron microscopy, will in future render any prospective search for cases of this tumour simpler and more accurate than retrospective studies.