bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental disorder and its treatment as a transformative experience
Authors: Villiger Daniel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
According to L.A. Paul, undergoing an experience is transformative if we learn something we cannot learn without having the experience and if it substantially changes our point of view. While the implications of transformative experiences have primarily been discussed in the context of rational choice, their underlying concept has also proven fruitful in the context of unchosen occurrences. The present paper examines mental disorder and its treatment from a transformative experiential perspective, using major depressive disorder as an exemplary case. It shows that developing a mental disorder typically requires a transformative experience since the two popular mental disorder classification systems primarily classify such disorders on an experiential basis. This provides an explanation for the lack of understanding mentally disordered people often face: their experiential state is epistemically inaccessible for those who have not experienced a similar state before. Furthermore, successful treatment of mental disorder again requires a (personally) transformative experience that results in the disorder’s overcoming. The paper examines pharmacological, psychological, and psychedelic-assisted treatment and reveals that each of them uses a different transformative route to recovery: a finding relevant, for example, to ongoing debates in medical ethics about informed consent.
Fat-calling: ascriptions of fatness that subordinate
Authors: Cousens Chris 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Calling someone fat is not only cruel and unkind—it also subordinates them. While the sharpest and most immediate harms of fatphobic bullying are emotional and psychological, these vary according to the resilience of the target. What one person can laugh off, another feels deeply, perhaps for years. But ‘fat-calling’ does not only have individual harms—it also perpetuates a subordinating social structure ranking fat people as inferior. Despite recent work on obesity and fatphobia, the conversational dynamics of ascribing fatness to someone else (rather than oneself) are relatively unexplored, especially in philosophy. This paper argues that fat-calling assigns its target a subordinate discourse role, constraining their subsequent conversational behaviour and permitting further discriminatory behaviour from interlocutors. And these conversational norm-changes alter the initial permissibility conditions of future conversations to the detriment of fat people. This is not to say that fat-calling is morally equivalent to slurs and hate speech—but it does show that it leverages similar conversational mechanisms to entrench injustice.
Exopolysaccharides in biological soil crusts are important contributors to carbon and nutrient storage after the restoration of inland sand dunes
Authors: Chowaniec Karolina , Zubek Szymon , Skubała Kaja 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and aims
Inland sand dunes in a temperate climate constitute challenging environments for plant colonization. Organisms forming biological soil crusts (BSCs) secrete exopolysaccharides (EPS), which are key for soil aggregation and water/nutrient accumulation. We aimed to estimate the contribution of EPS excreted by BSCs to total organic carbon (TOC) and cationic nutrient accumulation and the contribution of photoautotrophs to C fixation and production of EPS in the succession process of inland dunes.

Methods
We quantified EPS, TOC, exchangeable K, and Ca concentrations, and photosynthetic biomass in BSCs collected from three successional stages after the restoration of inland dunes.

Results
Our study showed that C originated from EPS contributed mostly to TOC accumulated in BSC in the initial succession stage, however, this contribution was lower than observed in BSCs from arid climates. EPS content increased with BSC development, which was facilitated by photoautotrophs, yet participation of heterotrophs in EPS secretion cannot be excluded. Glycocalyx EPS fraction dominated and contributed to nutrient enrichment in BSCs.

Conclusion
Our results contribute to a deeper understanding of the importance of BSC in the accumulation of organic carbon and nutrients. This may prove useful in the restoration aimed at maintaining the specific vegetation of temperate inland dune ecosystems. Locally dispersed mechanical disturbances of biocrusts should be applied already in the initial stages of succession to maintain the aeolian activity and prevent accumulation of carbon and nutrients caused by the development of BSC.
Nonparametric analysis of firm size and innovation intensity in Circular Economy adoption
Authors: Bonnini Stefano , Borghesi Michela , Giacalone Massimiliano 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The concept of Circular Economy (CE) is nowadays a much-discussed topic because the idea that a linear production system is no longer sustainable from an environmental point of view is taking hold. Some empirical studies have been published on the topic but there is a lack of literature about valid statistical approaches for testing complex hypotheses about CE. One of such interesting but complex hypotheses concerns the effect of companies’ size on the intensity of innovation for CE. The intensity of innovation is measured by the number of innovations adopted to implement CE practices. The main difficulties of such a problem, usually ignored by the empirical literature on CE, are the discrete multivariate nature of the response variable, the need to control for company’s age and business sector, the small sample sizes and the non-monotonic relationship ("inverted U-shaped" or "inverted V-shaped") between firm size and intensity of innovation for CE. These difficulties can be overcome with the use of a nonparametric approach based on a combined permutation test. The scientific innovation of the paper consists of the application of this advanced method to prove that the innovation intensity is a non-monotonic function of the firm’s size. Furthermore, such a result depends on the firm’s age and on the economic sector.
Strategies to promote the completion of patient-reported outcome measures by culturally and linguistically diverse and Indigenous Peoples in clinical care settings: A systematic review
Authors: Nikolovski Jessica , Kim Bora , Morton Rachael L. , Mercieca-Bebber Rebecca , Levesque Jean-Frédéric , Tinsley Melissa , Sutherland Kim , Rossiter Brad , Fagan Margaret , Hartas Gill , Rutherford Claudia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
There is evidence of low completion of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) by people from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds and Indigenous Peoples with chronic health conditions. We aimed to systematically identify ways to support and promote PROM completion by CALD communities and Indigenous Peoples in clinical care settings.

Methods
We searched Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collections and CINAHL databases from 1 January 2000 to 19 September 2024. Primary studies were included if they focused on ways to support and promote PROM completion in the care of CALD and Indigenous populations in clinical care settings. The quality of the included papers was appraised independently by two reviewers, using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) and Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Data were analysed thematically. PROSPERO registration: CRD42023469317.

Results
Of 13,450 title/abstracts retrieved, five papers met eligibility. Strategies to promote PROM completion by Indigenous Peoples included (1) providing training to patients about what PROMs are (2) offering verbal modes of completion and (3) community consultation during design, development, and implementation of PROMs to ensure culturally appropriate and sensitive PROMs are used. Strategies to promote completion by people who are CALD included (1) providing information about how to use electronic PROMs, (2) facilitating self-completion, (3) offering different modes of completion (paper-based, digital), (4) increasing availability of culturally and linguistically appropriate PROM translations, and (5) system-wide financial and administrative support to use translated PROMs.

Conclusion
Few studies reported strategies to support the completion of PROMs by people from CALD backgrounds and/or Indigenous Peoples. Adequate training, planning (including community consultation), resourcing, and financial support are required to encourage people who are CALD and Indigenous Peoples to participate in PROM initiatives globally.
Born to behave: Home CEOs and financial misconduct*
Authors: Lei Zicheng , Petmezas Dimitris , Rau P. Raghavendra , Yang Chen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We examine the association between CEO birthplace proximity and financial misconduct. We find that CEOs managing firms near their birthplaces (home CEOs) are associated with less financial misconduct compared to other CEOs. This association is not attributable to differences in corporate governance. The relationship strengthens in areas with a strong local investment presence and greater religious commitment as well as among CEOs with longer tenures in their home state. Our findings are robust to addressing potential selection and omitted variable biases as well as to conducting multiple robustness tests, including analyses of involuntary CEO changes and headquarters relocations. We also find a similar association for CFOs, with firms employing home CFOs exhibiting less financial misconduct.
The Role of Joking for Learning Science: An Exploration of Spontaneous Humour in Two Physics Education Settings
Authors: Berge Maria , Anderhag Per 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Talking science is based on the premise of being serious and dignified. Still, both teachers and students use humour when they communicate. However, little is known about the mechanisms of how learning science is constituted when teachers and students are using spontaneous humour in science classroom activities. In this study, we acknowledge this gap. We have analysed video data using practical epistemology analysis (PEA) from two different contexts in physics education, a physics classroom in grade 9 and a group of undergraduate students learning basic mechanics together. The findings showed that spontaneous humour, such as absurdities, supported the learning process in two ways: (1) orienting talk and action towards the scientific purposes of the assignments and (2) sorting out what scientific content and norms were/were not of relevance in the situation. The results illustrate how the participants made jokes to clarify how reasoning and actions tallied with the task at hand. These humorous situations positively affected students’ ability to act intentionally towards the aim of the activity, and the results show that this way of joking can have positive consequences for student learning. Therefore, humour ought to be viewed as a significant resource for learning in the science classroom. Doing science can, like any other activity, be a humorous endeavour in itself, without cartoons or extravagant shows.
Gender-Specific Analysis of Self-Reported Health and Educational Mismatch: Evidence from Employees in Russia
Authors: Robone Silvana 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Our paper investigates the influence of vertical educational mismatch—overeducation and undereducation—on selected EQ-5D metrics, namely pain and anxiety/depression. We conduct a gender-specific analysis and estimate ordered probit models for our categorical dependent variables by using a sample of currently working employees from the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey. Since our health outcomes are self-reported, we challenge the validity of the results obtained by using the ordered probit model and enrich the analysis by correcting our estimates for the presence of reporting heterogeneity bias. To do that, we merge the RLMS-HSE (2005) with externally collected anchoring vignettes for Russia from the World Health Survey (2003) and estimate a hierarchical ordered probit (HOPIT) model. The HOPIT estimates show that in several cases, educational mismatch affects the reporting style of respondents. Our findings provide evidence that, after adjusting for reporting heterogeneity, undereducation has a negative influence on the physical component of health (proxied by pain) for women, while overeducation affects the psychological component of health (proxied by anxiety/depression) in both gender groups. Overeducated women appear to have better psychological health, while overeducated men have worse psychological health than their matched counterparts.
What is it like to live with narcolepsy? A scoping review
Authors: Hlodak Jan , Madarasova Geckova Andrea , Carnakovic Simona , Feketeova Eva 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Narcolepsy impacts quality of life (QoL) with its symptomatology in hobbies and everyday activities, work and productivity and has social and economic consequences. The aim of this review is to map and synthesize evidence about QoL in narcolepsy patients and to focus on research strategies and publications in the matter.

Methods
A scoping review of articles published between 2014–2025. The initial search of WoS resulted in 7748 articles and 2583 in PubMed being screened for eligibility. Intervention, comorbidity, non-narcolepsy, prevalence and medical trials studies were excluded. We extracted data on bibliometric characteristics, research questions, sample and recruitment method, design, concepts and measures, and the main findings. Two independent reviewers did the screening and analyses. The analyzed data were consulted on with stakeholders to settle gaps, possibilities and directions for future research. This study followed the PRISMA-ScR guidelines.

Results
Twenty papers were included in this study. There is an increasing trend in publishing studies focused on QoL in narcolepsy patients, but its spread is very limited across various audiences. Most of the studies assess the association of narcolepsy symptoms, treatment, mental health or nutritional status and QoL in narcolepsy patients. Most used was a questionnaire-based cross-sectional design comparing a control group vs narcolepsy patients recruited through regular follow up at a sleep clinic or national reference centers or patients’ organization.

Conclusion
There is a need to spread knowledge beyond the neurology audience, to widen the scope of research beyond the burden of the symptoms and to employ explorative qualitative designs.
Unleashing the power of microalgae: a pioneering path to sustainability and achieving the sustainable development goals
Authors: Hosny Shimaa , Elshobary Mostafa E. , El-Sheekh Mostafa M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study explores the remarkable potential of algae in addressing global sustainability challenges. Microalgae, in particular, emerge as sustainability champions. Their applications span an impressive array of industries and processes, including food and feed production, biofuels, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and environmental remediation. This versatility positions algae as key players in achieving over 50% of UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) simultaneously, addressing issues such as climate action, clean water and sanitation, affordable and clean energy, and zero hunger. From sequestering carbon, purifying wastewater, and producing clean energy to combating malnutrition, algae demonstrates unparalleled potential. Their ability to flourish in extreme conditions and their rapid growth rates further enhance their appeal for large-scale cultivation. As research advances, innovative applications continue to emerge, such as algae-based bioplastics and dye-sensitized solar cells, promising novel solutions to pressing global issues. This study illuminates how harnessing the power of algae can drive us towards a more resilient, sustainable world. By leveraging algae’s multifaceted capabilities, we can tackle climate change, resource scarcity, and economic development concurrently. The research highlights the critical role of algae in promoting circular economy principles and achieving a harmonious balance between human needs and environmental preservation, paving the way for a greener, more sustainable future.
Polyurethane foam degradation combining ozonization and mealworm biodegradation and its exploitation
Authors: Ros Margarita , Lidon Paula , Carrascosa Angel , Muñoz Marta , Navarro Maria Virtudes , Orts Jose Maria , Pascual Jose Antonio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The biodegradation of polyurethane foam (PU foam) using a combination of oxidative pre-treatment (ozonization) and Tenebrio molitor (T. molitor) mealworms was conducted in this study. Different degrees of ozone oxidation (0%, 25%, and 50%) were applied to PU foam, which was subsequently fed to mealworms. The mealworms’ survival and growth were then compared to mealworms receiving a normal diet (bran). Results showed that mealworms fed with non-oxidized PU foam (PUF0) exhibited a higher consumption rate (11.8%) than those fed with 25% (PUF25) and 50% (PUF50) oxidized PU foam (7.7% and 5.7%, respectively). The survival rate was similar across all the PU foam diets and the bran diet. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses revealed minor structural changes in the PU foam. The gut microbiota analysis showed a significant correlation between the PU foam and bran diets. Among the different oxidized PU, distinct microbial community profiles were also observed, with the genus Klebsiella consistently present across the PU foam diets. The ozone pre-treatment altered the palatability and degradation of the PU foam by mealworms, while the mealworm frass and chitin obtained could potentially be used as resources for agricultural and industrial applications that would close the circular bio-economy cycle.
Overview of Data-Driven Models for Wind Turbine Wake Flows
Authors: Ye Maokun , Li Min , Liu Mingqiu , Xiao Chengjiang , Wan Decheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
With the rapid advancement of machine learning technology and its growing adoption in research and engineering applications, an increasing number of studies have embraced data-driven approaches for modeling wind turbine wakes. These models leverage the ability to capture complex, high-dimensional characteristics of wind turbine wakes while offering significantly greater efficiency in the prediction process than physics-driven models. As a result, data-driven wind turbine wake models are regarded as powerful and effective tools for predicting wake behavior and turbine power output. This paper aims to provide a concise yet comprehensive review of existing studies on wind turbine wake modeling that employ data-driven approaches. It begins by defining and classifying machine learning methods to facilitate a clearer understanding of the reviewed literature. Subsequently, the related studies are categorized into four key areas: wind turbine power prediction, data-driven analytic wake models, wake field reconstruction, and the incorporation of explicit physical constraints. The accuracy of data-driven models is influenced by two primary factors: the quality of the training data and the performance of the model itself. Accordingly, both data accuracy and model structure are discussed in detail within the review.
Clinical, biochemical profile and atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk score (ASCVD) in patients with high HDL cholesterol
Authors: Mallya Raksha Udupi , Vidyasagar Sudha , BS Varashree , Sukumar Cynthia Amrutha 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
It was observed that many people in the western coastal belt were found to have a high HDL cholesterol, the cause of which was not known. This study was done to learn about the factors contributing to the high HDL cholesterol in these patients and its effect on ASCVD risk.

Methods
In this prospective, case control study, 150 patients were recruited, of which 63 were cases (patients with high HDL cholesterol), and 87 were controls (patients with normal HDL cholesterol). Details regarding their diet, sea-food consumption, habits, comorbidities, daily activity (using GPAQ questionnaire), and blood reports were collected. ASCVD risk score was calculated using an online ASCVD risk estimator. Blood samples of 96 patients (cases 40, controls 56) was tested for cholesterol esterase transfer protein (CETP) levels using ELISA, and the results were compared.

Results
Patients with high HDL cholesterol were found to be physically more active and had median metabolic equivalent (METs) of 4680 (1200, 8580) compared with controls with median METs of 1680 (720, 5580), P-0.013. Cases had a lower mean BMI 23.09(SD-3.69), than in patients with normal HDL cholesterol with a mean of 24.41(SD-4.01), P-0.04. Cases also had a lower triglyceride level (91(69,118) in cases vs 121 (80,151) in controls, P-0.002. Alcohol and sea food consumption had no role on HDL levels in this study. The median CETP level was lower in patients with high HDL levels, 0.336(0.08, 0.336) versus 1.435(0.061, 2.893) in the control group although not statistically significant. Patients with high HDL cholesterol were found to have a significantly lower median 10-year ASCVD risk score 3.05 (0.6, 8.95), compared with patients with normal HDL 6.45 (2.7,14.2).

Conclusion
Patients with high HDL cholesterol were found to be physically more active, had a lower BMI, a lower triglyceride level, and a lower ASCVD risk compared with controls. They also had a lower CETP level. Further research will be required to determine the normal CETP level in Indian population, their genetic makeup, and whether it has a role in cardiovascular protection.
Characteristics of discrimination and ambulatory cognitive performance among older Black and White adults
Authors: Harrington Erin E. , Gamaldo Alyssa A. , Sliwinski Martin J. , Hakun Jonathan G. , Buxton Orfeu M. , Katz Mindy J. , Derby Carol A. , Foor Kaylee , Engeland Christopher G. , Graham-Engeland Jennifer E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Perceived discrimination has been linked with neurocognitive disparities between Black and White adults. Yet, cognitive assessments outside of laboratory settings and the relevance of perceived reasons for discrimination require additional attention. The present work addressed associations between discrimination and ambulatory cognitive performance (i.e., spatial working memory, short-term memory binding, processing speed) in ecological settings among older Black and White adults enrolled in the Einstein Aging Study. Consistent with past laboratory-based research, Black adults exhibited worse ambulatory cognitive performance and reported more frequent discrimination compared to White adults. Racially stratified analyses examined characteristics (i.e., number and type) of the perceived reasons for discrimination as moderators in relation to discrimination frequency and cognition. For Black adults who endorsed zero or one reason for discrimination compared to those who endorsed multiple reasons, discrimination frequency was associated with worse spatial working memory. Additionally, among Black participants who did not attribute discrimination to their race compared to those who endorsed racial discrimination, discrimination frequency related to worse spatial working memory. For White adults, cognitive performance was largely unrelated to discrimination frequency and characteristics. Findings highlight the value of examining discrimination and cognition in daily life, and the importance of assessing characteristics of discriminatory experiences within racial groups.