bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of langerhans' cell histiocytosis (Eosinophilic Granuloma) of Bone in Children
Authors: Elsheikh Tarik , Silverman Jan F. , Wakely Paul E. , Holbrook C. Tate , Joshi Vijay V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of three cases of Langerham' cell histiocytosis (eosinophilic granuloma [EG]) of bone in children (mean age–8.3 yr; range 5‐11 yr) is presented. Two patients presented with vertebral lesions and the third had a femoral mass. Cytomorphologic features of EG were seen in all cases, including Langerhans' cell histiocytes having oval to reniform shape nuclei with nuclear grooving and abundant pale cytoplasm. The background showed a polymorphic population of cells including neutrophils, lymphocytes, foamy histiocytes, and osteoclasts. Moderate numbers of eosinophils were seen in two cases, while eosinophils were sparse in the third case. Ancillary imrnunocytochemical (ICC) studies performed on the aspirated material demonstrated positive staining for S‐100 protein (all three cases) and T‐6 antigen (one case). Ultrastructural examination (EM) performed in one case demonstrated characteristic Birbeck granules in the histiocytes. A specific cytologic diagnosis was made in all cases, enabling proper chemotherapy in one case, surgical excision in another and spontaneous resolution in the third case. Our experience demonstrates that FNA cytology can make a definitive diagnosis of EG, especially when coupled with ancillary studies such as ICC and EM on the aspirated material.
Clear‐cell change in follicular adenoma mimicking hurthle‐cell tumor on thyroid aspiration biopsy cytology
Authors: Orlando Christine A. , Salman Karl , Miller Jeffrey L. , Naryshkin Sonya 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe present a case of follicular adenoma with clear‐cell change, which on fine‐needle aspiration biopsy mimicked a Hürthle‐cell tumor. Papanicolaou‐stained smears revealed a monomorphic pattern of loosely cohesive groups of cells with abundant cytoplasm and centrally placed round nuclei with single prominent nucleoli. The cytoplasm was granular or finely vacuolated with occasional intracytoplasmic brown pigment. Subsequent surgical histology of the partial thyroidectomy specimen revealed a follicular adenoma composed of macro‐ and microfollicles. The microfollicular areas showed clear‐cell change; these cells appeared identical to those seen on cytology. No Hürthle‐cell change was present in the surgical specimen. Follicular cells with clear‐cell change of the granular type must be added to the list of differential diagnoses when cells with Hürthle‐like features are seen on aspiration biopsy of the thyroid.
Extracranial metastasis of an astrocytoma detected by fine‐needle aspiration: A case report
Authors: Sunita  , Kapila Kusum , Singhal R. M. , Verma Kusum 
Published: February 2007

AbstractExtracranial metastasis of gliomas is rare, and the documented cases of extracranial metastasis are based on histological material. A case of metastatic astrocytoma to the soft tissue of the neck and back detected by fine‐needle aspiration is reported. Demonstration of glial fibrillary acidic protein by immunoperoxides technique on aspirated material helped to confirm the diagnosis.
Sampling accuracy of the modified ayre spatula/zelsmyr cytobrush versus the modified ayre spatula/bulb aspirator in the collection of cells from the uterine cervix
Authors: Selvaggi Suzanne M. , Malviya Vinay 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn 8‐mo (August 1988 through April 1989) study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of the modified Ayre spatula/Zelsmyr Cytobrush versus the modified Ayre spatula/bulb aspirator in the collection of cells, both normal and abnormal, from the uterine cervix. The majority (78%) of the 192 patients, ranging in age from 18 to 82 yr, were referred to the gynecologic/oncologic clinic for follow‐up of an atypical Papanicolaou smear or of a previously diagnosed and treated cervical, vulvar, or endometrial lesion. Of the 192 patients, 149 were premenopausal (15 of whom were pregnant), 12 were perimenopausal, and 31 were postmenopausal. Patients were randomized into one of two groups based on the collection of samples for their cervical smears: 1) modified Ayre spatula (exocervix) plus Zelsmyr Cytobrush (endocervix; 90 cases) and 2) modified Ayre spatula (exocervix) plus bulb aspirator (endocervix; 102 cases). Of the smears prepared with the spatula/Cytobrush (90 cases), only 2 (2.2%) lacked endocervical cells. Within this group, the smears of 5 of 5 pregnantpatients (100%) and 13 of 13 postmenopausal patients (100%) contained endocervical cells. Cytologic abnormalities were present in 15 of these cases: koilocytosis in 4, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)‐I in 5, CIN‐II in 4, and CIN‐III in 2. Five of the 15 cytologically positive cases had histologic verification; the cytologic findings were predictive of the histologic findings in all. Of the smears prepared using the spatula/bulb aspirator (102 cases), 26 (25.5%) lacked endocervical cells. Within this group, the smears of only 4 of 10 pregnant patients (40%) and 14 of 18 postmenopausal patients (78%) contained endocervical cells. Cytologic abnormalities were diagnosed in 23 of these 102 cases: koilocytosis in 6, CIN‐I in 12, CIN‐II in 3, and CIN‐III in 2. Fourteen of the 23 cytologically positive cases had histologic verification; cytologic underestimation of the severity of the lesion occurred in 5 cases (4 in CIN‐III and I in CIN‐II lesions). The results of this study indicate that the modified Ayre spatula/Zelsmyr Cytobrush technique is more effective than the modified Ayre spatula/bulb aspirator technique in obtaining an adequate cervical cell sample containing endocervical cells, particularly in pregnant and postmenopausal patients, and in may aid in predicting the histologic severity of the cervical lesion.
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: Regression analysis to identify improved cytologic criteria
Authors: Cohen Michael B. , Egerter Daniel P. , Holly Elizabeth A. , Ahn David K. , Miller Theodore R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe incidence of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is increasing and it is usually unresectable at the time of diagnosis. Consequently, fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is being used more frequently for diagnosis. The reported sensitivity of diagnosing pancreatic adenocarcinoma by FNAB has varied between 50% and 100%. In an attempt to increase the diagnostic sensitivity, we retrospectively reviewed a series of pancreatic FNABs. Fifteen cytologic criteria were evaluated in 78 patients who had pancreatic FNABs. Of these patients, 49 had primary adenocarcinomas and 29 had benign, non‐neoplastic lesions. Using a stepwise logistic regression analysis we identifed three key cytologic criteria for this diagnosis. Our study identifed anisonucleosis (P = 0.001). large nuclei (P = .007), and nuclear molding (P = .03) as the significant cytologic features for diagnosing pancreatic adenocarcinoma. In combination, these three criteria had a sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 100%.
Cervical carcinogenesis and contraception
Authors: Misra Jata S. , Engineer Amy D. , Das Kalyani , Tandon Prabha 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytologic evaluation of cervical smears has been carried out in 3,374 women who used different modes of contraception (Lippes loop, copper T200, copper T220, copper devices containing higher copper content than the copper T200, Cu T380 Ag, levonorgestrel IUD, injections of noresthisterone oenanthate, and subdermal implants of levonorgestrel) under the Contraceptive Testing Programme of Indian Council of Medical Research for periods ranging from 6 months to 15 yr. While no case of severe dysplasia or malignancy was noticed with any type of contraceptive, 113 dysplastic smears (99 mild and 14 moderate) were encountered on follow‐up, giving an incidence of 3.3%, which was statistically insignificant compared with the pretreatment incidence of 1.4% (47 of 3,374). The highest incidence of dysplasia was seen with devices containing a high copper content (9.2%), followed by CuT200 (6.1%) and levonorgestrel implants (4.2%), and was lowest with Lippes loop (1.8%), injection of noresthisterone oenanthate (1.7%), and CuT380 Ag (1.5%), but statistics higher than the pretreatment incidence of 1.4% were seen only with CuT200 and devices containing high copper content. Retrogression of dysplasia was seen in 85 of the 94 posttreatment dysplasia cases and in all 47 pretreatment dysplasia cases, whereas in the remaining nine posttreatment cases of dysplasia the lesion persisted for 6‐12 mo, necessitating discontinuation of contraception.The accumulated follow‐up data indicate that the CuT380 Ag device is a promising IUD for the future in view of its low incidence of dysplasia determined during its use up to 5 yr. However, more prolonged follow‐up in larger numbers of subjects is required to confirm its innocuosness on long‐term retention.
Pulmonary cytology in lung transplant recipients: Recent trends in laboratory utilization
Authors: Walts Ann E. , Marchevsky Alberto M. , Morgan Margie 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe value of bronchoscopy for the diagnosis of rejection and opportunistic injection in lung transplant recipients is controversial. We review our experience with pulmonary cytology obtained from 10 lung transplant recipients during the first 15 mos of the transplantation program at Cedars‐Sinai Medical Center and compare the efficacy of pulmonary cytology for the diagnosis of opportunistic infectious agents with that of histology and microbiology. Our study encompasses 1,465 post‐transplant days during which 70 bronchoscopies were performed yielding 94 cytologic specimens (44 bronchial washes, 25 bronchial brushings, and 25 bronchoalveolar lavages) and 55 transbronchial biopsies. The major advantages of cytology in this setting are short turn around time and high specificity for nonbacterial agents. All of the patients experienced episodes of bacterial pneumonia as well as fungal and viral infections. None developed Pneumocystis carinii infection during the study period. Simultaneous and concurrent infections were diagnosed. The initial diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia and herpes simplex virus preceded the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus; the former infections tended to persist and/or recur. Cytology was more effective than histology in establishing the diagnosis of Candida sp. and herpes simplex virus, while histology was more effective in establishing the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus. Increased numbers of polymorphonuclear cells did not constitute a consistent finding in cytologic or histologic samples during episodes of bacterial infection; cultures were most sensitive for detection of bacterial infection. Histochemical and immunohistochemical stains as well as in situ hybridization studies confirmed diagnoses rendered on routine Papanicolaou and hematoxylin and eosin stained material but did not provide additional diagnoses. No lymphocytosis was observed in bronchoalveolar lavages or bronchial washes that accompanied the 14 transbronchial biopsies diagnosed as mild rejection.
Changing utilization of cytopathology versus histopathology in the diagnosis of lung cancer
Authors: Fraire Armando E. , McLarty Jerry W. , Greenberg S. Donald 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe studied the utilization rates of 1) cytopathology procedures [sputum, fine‐needle aspirates (FNA), bronchial washings and brushings] versus 2) histopathology procedures (bronchial biopsies, lymph node biopsies, lobectomies, pneumonectomies) in the diagnosis of lung cancer, over two time periods (1967/1987). Comparisons were made in the utilization rates of these two diagnostic procedures in two groups of 100 patients each. Statistically significant changes included 1) an increase of cytopathology procedures, as the sole means of diagnosis; 2) an increase in FNAs; 3) an increased percentage of positive cytopathologic diagnosis: and 4) a decrease of major surgical procedures (lobectomy, pneumonectomy), as means of initial pathologic diagnosis. This study provides data supporting the trend of decreasing surgical procedures for initial diagnosis of lung cancer, with greater, more efective utilization of cytopathologic (particularly FNA) procedures.
Review of the central nervous system cytopathology in human immunodeficiency virus infection
Authors: Strigle Stephen M. , Gal Anthony A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a neurotropic retrovirus capable of producing a wide spectrum of central nervous system changes. Nearly 40% of HIV‐infected patients demonstrate neuropathy ranging from dementia to the opportunistic infections and neoplasia seen in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Dramatic increases in the numbers of AIDS cases have allowed for the cytotechnologist and cytopathologist to become acquainted with the various pathologic manifestations of HIV infection. In this review, we are reporting the HIV‐related diseases in the central nervous system and the role of diagnostic cytology.
Eosinophilic granuloma of lymph node: Case report with cytohistologic, immunohistochemical, and flow cytometric observations
Authors: Granger John K. , Houn Houn‐Yee 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case study of eosinophilic granuloma (Langerhans cell histiocytosis) of lymph node in a 32‐year‐old white man is presented. Clinical, cytologic, histologic, immunohistochemical, and flow cytometric findings are reported. Intraoperative cytologic findings can serve as valuable adjuncts to the frozen section, in this case serving as the sole method for diagnosis. This case is presented in light of the rarity of node‐based eosinophilic granuloma and the absence of flow cytometric immunophenotypic findings in the literature.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of pulmonary adenocarcinoma of fetal type: Report of a case with lmmunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies
Authors: Lee Kwang Gil , Cho Nam Hoon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis report describes the fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of a case of adenocarcinoma resembling fetal lung in a 53‐yr‐old male, a very uncommon malignant tumor of the lung that is similar to an early stage of lung differentiation. FNA smears revealed relatively small, fairly uniform tumor cells appearing as cohesive cell groups and scattered, isolated cells, some of them showing a rosette or acinus pattern. In addition, clusters of larger cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and prominent nucleoli existed contiguously with the small cells or separately. The possibilities of an unusual type of adenocarcinoma, carcinoid tumor, and pulmonary blastoma were suggested by the cytologic findings. Immunohistochemical studies performed on a resected tumor tissue showed irnmunoreactivity for α‐fetoprotein, neuron‐specific enolase, and somatostatin, and endocrine‐type granules were found ultrastructurally. This type of adenocarcinoma is considered to have a histogenesis similar to that of pulmonary blastoma. To our knowledge this is the first reported case in the cytologic literature.
Needle aspiration cytology of an oncocytic carcinoma of the parotid gland
Authors: Abdul‐Karim Fadi W. , Weaver Michael G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA needle aspirate biopsy of a parotid neoplasm yielded uniform benign oncocytic cells consistent with oncocytoma. The subsequent surgical specimen demonstrated an oncocytic carcinoma with vascular and perineural invasion. These findings are analogous to those of oxyphilic tumors of the thyroid gland where cytologic features often do not allow for distinction between benign and malignant lesions.
Malignant mixed tumor (carcinosarcoma) of parotid gland diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy
Authors: Granger John K. , Houn Houn‐Yee 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTrue malignant mixed tumor (carcinosarcoma) of salivary gland is a very rare neoplasm. Only one brief account of the Fine‐Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB) cytologic findings of this tumor was found in the literature. The authors report a case of malignant mixed tumor (chondrosarcoma and epidermoid carcinoma) arising from the left parotid gland in an 84‐yr‐old man, which was definitely diagnosed by FNAB. The cytologic findings and differential diagnosis are discussed.
Cytological detection of epithelial dysplasia in the oral mucosa using feulgen‐DNA‐image cytometry
Authors: Schulte E. K. W. , Joos U. , Kasper M. , Eckert H. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytological scrape material of the oral mucosa from 114 patients with epithelial dysplasia and with oral cancer was stained with the Feulgen‐reaction and investigated with an image analyzer. The size and the integrated optical density of cell nuclei, and four chromatin texture features were measured. All tumor slides contained cell nuclei with DNA > 5c, 16% of the slides had cell nuclei with DNA > 8c. A total of 14.5% of the tumor patients showed significantly increased DNA values in nuclei distant from the tumor. Two smears with severe epithelial dysplasia showed nuclei with DNA > 5c both in the tumor material and far from the tumor. Texture analysis allowed discrimination between benign, dysplastic and malignant smears. No correlation was found between DNA content and tumor staging.Image cytometry was a reliable method for detecting tumor cells. Epithelial dysplasia in areas distant from the tumor isprobably due to “Feld canceration” of the epithelium.
Thyroid tumors: Cytomorphology of papillary carcinoma
Authors: Kaur Arvind , Jayaram Gita 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOf 2,012 fine‐needle aspirations (FNA) of the thyroid performed by the authors between the years 1984 and 1988, a detailed cytomorphologic analysis of 9.5 cases diagnosed as neoplastic on histology and/or cytology and those that received an equivocal cytodiagnosis is presented. Discussed are papillary carcinomas (28 correctly diagnosed on FNA and two false positives).In most of the cases of papillary carcinoma, the cytologic features were characteristic enough to enable accurate tumor typing. Follicular cells with dense cytoplasm, well defined cell margins, and presence of papillary clusters were the most consistent features obsewed. Intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions, though characteristic, were found in only 66.6% of cases.In cystic papillary carcinomas (seven cases) study of the cyst wall as well as the cyst contents enabled an accurate cytodiagnosis. Two cases of multinodular goiter with papillary hyperplasia could not be distinguished with certainty from papillary carcinoma on cytologic grounds.
Thyroid tumors: Cytomorphology of follicular neoplasms
Authors: Kaur Arvind , Jayaram Gita 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFrom 2,012 fine‐needle aspirations (FNA), performed by us between the years 1984 and 1988, we present a detailed cytomorphologic analysis of 95 cases that were diagnosed as neoplastic on histology and/or cytology and those that received an equivocal cytodiagnosis. Discussed are 37 lesions that have been diagnosed on cytology and/or histopathology as follicular neoplasms.In this group, there were 22 cases of histologically proven follicular carcinoma and 11 follicular adenomas. Three cases of multinodular goiter and one case of Hashimoto's thyroiditis with marked follicular hyperplasia have also been included because they received either a neoplastic or an equivocal cytodiagnosis.Of 22 follicular carcinomas, 12 were diagnosed on FNA as follicular neoplasms, eight as follicular carcinoma, one was a false‐negative benign cytodiagnosis, and one was equivocal.Of 11 follicular adenomas, seven were diagnosed as follicular neoplasms and four were cytologically equivocal. Three cases of multinodular goiter and one Hashimoto's thyroiditis had been diagnosed on FNA as either follicular neoplasm or equivocal.
Multiple peritoneal cytologies collected during laparotomy for gynecologic malignancy
Authors: Jacques Suzanne M. , Selvaggi Suzanne M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractReview of an 18‐mo experience with peritoneal cytology specimens showed that 760 peritoneal washings and 177 diaphragmatic smears were collected during 300 laparotomies on patients known to have or suspected of having gynecologic malignancy. One hundred three patients were eventually shown to have benign gynecologic disease. The remaining 197 procedures were done on patients undergoing primary operations for gynecologic malignancy or Iaparotomies for previously treated gynecologic malignancy. Of the 197 laparotomies for gynecologic malignancies, 168 had washings separately collected from multiple intra‐abdominal sites, and these fluids were interpreted as either all positive or all negative in all but seven (4%) patients. The location and extent of the gross or microscopic disease did not correlate with the site of positive washings. Only three of the 177 diaphragmatic smears were positive for malignant cells; these were collected from three patients undergoingprimary treatment of ovarian carcinoma, two of whom had extensive peritoneal involvement by carcinoma. Only 3.5 of the 197 patients with gynecologic malignancy had positive peritoneal cytologies; 32 of these patients had gross or microscopic peritoneal involvement by malignancy, and one additionalpatient had metastatic carcinoma in pelvic lymph nodes. The analysis of multiple peritoneal washings separately collected from various intra‐abdominal sites and the analysis of diaphragmatic smears collected in the absence of gross diaphragmatic disease appear to be of benejt in few cases.
FNA cytodiagnosis of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma and its subtyping under working formulation of 175 cases
Authors: Das Dilip K. , Gupta Subhash K. , Datta Bhoopendra N. , Sharma Suresh C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred thirty‐two cases diagnosed as non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) by fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and histology, and 43 cases in which there were minor or major discrepancies between cytology and histology for diagnosis of NHL, were reviewed. The diagnostic accuracy of FNAC for NHL was 86.3% at the initial diagnosis. Following review, all the 132 cases initially diagnosed as NHL by cytology and histology remained so with minor changes in subtypes in a few cases. Of the 43 discrepant cases, 28 turned out to be NHL and 6 as Hodgkin's disease (HD); 3 were anaplastic carcinoma; and in 6 cases the discrepancy still persisted. Diagnostic accuracy of FNA for NHL improved to 98.0% following review. Categorization of histologically diagnosed NHL cases under working formulation showed that 10.4%, 21.5%. and 57.7%. respectively, were low, intermediate, and highgrade lymphomas. The corresponding figures were 16.6%, 18.4%. and 60. 1%, respectively, in cytology. The diagnostic accuracy of cytology for subtyping was found to be 67.5%.
Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (rosai‐dorfman disease): Diagnosis by fine‐needle aspiration
Authors: Trautman Bruce C. , Stanley Michael W. , Goding George S. , Rosai Juan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) is a rare idiopathic proliferative disorder of histiocytes with characteristic morphologic features. We describe a case of SHML occurring in a 14‐yr‐old black male, in whom the diagnosis was made by fine‐needle aspiration of a cervical lymph node. Cytologic features included increased numbers of large histiocytes associated with a polymorphous, cellular background composed of benign lymphocytes, plasma cells, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Lymphophagocytosis was a prominent feature. Extranodal involvement of the larynx was documented by surgical biopsy; there was no other extranodal disease. One year after diagnosis, the patient is clinically well, with no residual lymphadenopathy.