bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sesquiterpene Acids and Lactones from Inula Confertiflora with their Antibacterial Activities
Authors: Ahmed Bonsa Hussein , Desta Mekonnen Abebayehu , Wami Ashenafi Alemu , Beyene Getachew Tesfaye , Bedane Kibrom Gebreheiwot 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe phytochemical investigation of the leaves of Inula confertiflora, a medicinal plant endemic to Ethiopia, led to the isolation of 15 terpenoids; 1β‐hydroxy‐α‐costic acid (1), 3α‐hydroxycostic acid (2), isotelekin (3), asperilin (4), carabrone (5), carpesioline (6), graveolide (7), inuviscolide (8), 8‐epi‐inuviscolide (9), 1β,4β‐dihydroxy‐5α(H)‐guaia‐10(14),11(13)‐dien‐8α,12‐olide (10), isoinuviscolide (11), 4β,10β‐dihydroxy‐5α(H)‐1,11(13)‐guaidien‐8α,12‐olide (12), 4β,10β‐dihydroxy‐1β(H)‐5α(H)‐guai‐11(13)‐en‐8α,12‐olide (13), 4β,10α‐dihydroxy‐1β(H)‐5α(H)‐guai‐11(13)‐en‐8α,12‐olide (14), 4β,10α‐dihydroxy‐1α(H)‐5α(H)‐guai‐11(13)‐en‐8α,12‐olide (15). Herein, structural elucidation and full NMR data for compound 1 are presented for the first time. The structures were elucidated using NMR, HRESIMS, and by comparison with literature data. The relative configurations were defined by NOESY correlations and single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography. Herein, crystallography data of 6 and 7 were reported for the first time. The antibacterial efficacy of some of the isolated compounds was evaluated against two commonly dispersed environmental strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Compounds 1, 3, 6, 7, and 8 exhibited moderate antibacterial activities against the tested organisms. The chemotaxonomic significance of compounds is discussed.
Palladium(II) Complexes of 4‐Phenyl‐3‐thiosemicarbazone Ligands: Insights Into Cytotoxic Properties and Mode of Cell Death
Authors: Mansour Ahmed M. , Khaled Rabaa M. , Radacki Krzysztof , Shehab Ola R , Mostafa Gamal A. E. , Ali Essam A. , Abo‐Elfadl Mahmoud T. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractReactions between sodium tetrachloropalladate and 2‐ (or 4−) substituted 4‐phenyl‐3‐thiosemicarbazone ligands (HLR), with various electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing substituents (R = OCH3, NO2, and Cl), afford square‐planar complexes of the general formula [Pd(LR)2]. Ground‐state geometry optimization and the vibrational analysis of cis‐ and trans‐isomers of the complexes were carried out to get an insight into the stereochemistry of the complexes. Natural bond orbital analysis was used to analyze how the nature of the substituent affects the natural charge of the metal center, the type of hybridization, and the strength of the M−N and M−S bonds. Using spectrophotometry, the stability of the complexes, and their DNA binding abilities were assessed. The Pd(II) complexes showed moderate cytotoxicity against MCF‐7 and Caco‐2 cell lines, two of the assessed malignant cell lines, resulting in all known cell death types, including early apoptotic bodies and late apoptotic vacuoles as well as evident necrotic bodies.
An optimized crypto‐based routing protocol for secure routing in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Khan Khaleel‐Ur‐Rahman , Azeem Mohammed Abdul 
Published: March 2024

SummaryIn Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), energy‐efficient, reliable routing is the core objective for the data transmission process. Anomaly nodes in the communication environment can affect reliable routing and network efficiency. Therefore, the present research created a novel Arithmetic Optimization‐based Rumor Routing Protocol with SKINNY Crypto mechanism (AORRP‐SCrypt) for secure Routing in WSN. Primarily, the required nodes are deployed in the related WSN environment. The arithmetic function traced the nodes' higher energy consumption and malicious action to avoid security vulnerabilities during data transmission. The sensed data packets are transmitted based on the Rumor routing function of the proposed system. Furthermore, to avoid data access by unauthorized users, it is encrypted using the SKINNY Crypto mechanism. Finally, the network efficiency and security performance are validated in the NS3 platform. The model gained 98.1% network throughput, 95.6% PDR, a lower energy consumption of between 0.001 and 0.01 J, and a 99% confidentiality rate. The developed system provided increased network security and efficiency.
Introducing Photo‐Cross‐Linkable Functionalities on P(VDF‐co‐TrFE) Ferroelectric Copolymer
Authors: Kallitsis Konstantinos , Alvarez‐Fernandez Alberto , Cloutet Eric , Brochon C. , Hadziioannou G. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFerroelectric polymers have emerged as crucial materials for the development of advanced organic electronic devices. Their recent high‐end commercial applications as fingerprint sensors have only increased the amount of scientific interest around them. Despite an ever‐larger body of studies focusing on optimizing the properties of ferroelectric polymers by physical means (e. g., annealing, stretching, blending or nano‐structuring), post‐polymerization chemical modification of such polymers has only recently become a field of active study with great promise in expanding the scope of those polymers. In this work, a solution‐based post‐polymerization modification method was developed for the safe and facile grafting of a plethora of functional groups to the backbone of commercially available Poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene P(VDF‐co‐TrFE) ferroelectric polymers. To showcase the versatility of this approach, photosensitive groups were grafted onto the polymeric backbone, enabling them to undergo photo‐cross‐linking. Finally, these modified polymers were used as functional negative photoresists in a photolithographic process, highlighting the potential of this method to integrate ferroelectric fluorinated electroactive polymers into standard electronic microfabrication production lines.
Study on Epitaxial Growth of High‐Quality InSb Materials
Authors: Zhang Jing , Yang Lin , Wang Ping 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper discusses the optimization of the growth temperature and Sb/In ratio of 1 µm InSb thin films grown on GaAs substrates by molecular beam epitaxy due to the InSb materials with larger lattice constants have smaller growth windows. The results show that atomic steps can be clearly seen in InSb thin films grown at 420 °C with a Sb/In ratio of 6. The InSb material grown under this condition has the smallest FWHM, indicating the best crystal quality. At the same time, the highest electron mobility measured at room temperature is 38860 cm2 V−1 s−1. The transport properties and crystal quality of InSb/AlxIn1‐xSb heterostructures corresponding to different Al compositions are also studied. The results show that as the Al component increases, dislocation scattering caused by lattice mismatch affects the electron mobility of the channel layer. The highest electron mobility of InSb/AlxIn1‐xSb heterostructures obtained is 18900 cm2 V−1 s−1 at room temperature.
Perovskite for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Abdelghafar Fatma , Xu Xiaomin , Jiang San Ping , Shao Zongping 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe development of advanced electrolysis technologies such as anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE) is central to the vision of a sustainable energy future. Key to the realization of such AEMWE technology lies in the exploration of low‐cost and high‐efficient catalysts for facilitating the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Despite tremendous efforts in the fundamental research, most of today's OER works are conducted under room temperature, which deviates significantly with AEMWE's operating temperature (50–80 °C). To bridge this gap, it is highly desirable to obtain insights into the OER catalytic behavior at elevated temperatures. Herein, using the well‐known perovskite catalyst Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3–δ (BSCF) as a proof of concept, the effect of temperature on the variation in OER catalytic activity and stability is evaluated. It is found that the BSCF's activity increases with increasing temperature due to enhanced lattice oxygen participation promoting the lattice oxygen‐mediated OER process. Further, surface amorphization and cation leaching of BSCF become more pronounced as temperature increases, causing a somewhat attenuated OER stability. These new understandings of the fundamental OER catalysis over perovskite materials at industrial‐relevant temperature conditions are expected to have strong implications for the research of OER catalysts to be deployed in practical water electrolyzers.
Investigating the relationship between sleep disturbances and white matter hyperintensities in older adults on the Alzheimer's disease spectrum
Authors: Kamal Farooq , Morrison Cassandra , Dadar Mahsa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWhile studies report that sleep disturbance can have negative effects on brain vasculature, its impact on cerebrovascular diseases such as white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in beta‐amyloid‐positive older adults remains unexplored.METHODSSleep disturbance, WMH burden, and cognition in normal controls (NCs), and individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), were examined at baseline and longitudinally. A total of 912 amyloid‐positive participants were included (198 NC, 504 MCI, and 210 AD).RESULTSIndividuals with AD reported more sleep disturbances than NC and MCI participants. Those with sleep disturbances had more WMHs than those without sleep disturbances in the AD group. Mediation analysis revealed an effect of regional WMH burden on the relationship between sleep disturbance and future cognition.DISCUSSIONThese results suggest that WMH burden and sleep disturbance increase from aging to AD. Sleep disturbance decreases cognition through increases in WMH burden. Improved sleep could mitigate the impact of WMH accumulation and cognitive decline.
The role of epigenetic mechanisms in the long‐term effects of early‐life adversity and mother–infant relationship on physiology and behavior of offspring in laboratory rats and mice
Authors: Burenkova Olga V. , Grigorenko Elena L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMaternal care during the early postnatal period of altricial mammals is a key factor in the survival and adaptation of offspring to environmental conditions. Natural variations in maternal care and experimental manipulations with maternal–child relationships modeling early‐life adversity (ELA) in laboratory rats and mice have a strong long‐term influence on the physiology and behavior of offspring in rats and mice. This literature review is devoted to the latest research on the role of epigenetic mechanisms in these effects of ELA and mother–infant relationship, with a focus on the regulation of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor. An important part of this review is dedicated to pharmacological interventions and epigenetic editing as tools for studying the causal role of epigenetic mechanisms in the development of physiological and behavioral profiles. A special section of the manuscript will discuss the translational potential of the discussed research.
Growth form, regeneration mode, and vegetation type explain leaf trait variability at the species and community levels in Mediterranean woody vegetation
Authors: Tüfekcioğlu İrem , Tavşanoğlu Çağatay 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLeaf traits are good indicators of ecosystem functioning and plant adaptations to environmental conditions. We examined whether leaf trait variability at species and community levels in Mediterranean woody vegetation is explained by growth form, regeneration mode, and vegetation type. We studied several plant communities across five vegetation types – semi‐closed forest, open forest, closed shrubland, open shrubland, and scrubland – in southwestern Anatolia, Türkiye. Using linear mixed models, community‐weighted trait means, and principal component analysis, we tested how much variability in three leaf traits (specific leaf area, leaf thickness, and leaf area) is accounted for species, growth form, regeneration mode, and vegetation type. Despite a large amount of leaf trait variability both within‐ and among‐species existed, functional groups still accounted for a significant part of this variability. Resprouters had higher SLA and leaf area and lower leaf thickness than non‐resprouters. However, further functional separation in regeneration mode, by considering the propagule‐persistence trait and the seed bank locality, explained leaf trait variability better than only resprouting ability. Although no consistent pattern was observed in three leaf traits in the growth form, we found evidence for the difference in SLA and leaf thickness between shrubs and large shrubs, and subshrubs had smaller leaves than other growth forms. Vegetation type also accounted for a substantial amount of leaf trait variability. Specifically, plant communities in closed habitats had larger leaf area than open ones, and those in scrublands had higher SLA, lower leaf thickness, and lower leaf area than other vegetation types. Climate and phylogeny had limited contribution to the results obtained, with the exception of a significant phylogenetic effect in explaining the differences in SLA between resprouters and non‐resprouters. Our results suggest that multiple drivers are responsible for shaping plant trait variability in Mediterranean plant communities, including growth form, regeneration mode, and vegetation type.
Restoring freshwater habitat mosaics to promote resilience of vulnerable salmon populations
Authors: Cordoleani Flora , Phillis Corey C. , Sturrock Anna M. , Willmes Malte , Whitman George , Holmes Eric , Weber Peter K. , Jeffres Carson , Johnson Rachel C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPhenotypic diversity and abundance drive salmon resilience in the face of increasing environmental variability. But what happens when human activities fundamentally alter the habitat complexity that drives this diversity? And how can we restore habitats to recover both diversity and abundance to support salmon persistence in a warming climate? Here, we looked at the impact of a large watershed restoration effort on the abundance and climate resilience of the three remaining core natural spring‐run Chinook Salmon populations in the California Central Valley (Butte, Mill, and Deer Creek). Butte Creek fish, which have floodplain access, had higher overall productivity and faster juvenile growth compared with Mill and Deer Creek populations, and the proportion of floodplain inundation was positively correlated with Butte Creek adult abundance two years later. While Butte Creek exhibited significant increases in abundance post‐restoration (~2000%), it generally exhibited lower phenotypic diversity and only a marginal increase in population stability after restoration based on the coefficient of variation (CV). In particular, Butte Creek salmon tended to exhibit larger drops in escapement following dry years (e.g., return years 2010, 2017) compared with Mill and Deer Creek populations, presumably due to limited inundation of its downstream floodplain. The late‐migrating juvenile strategy (i.e., yearling), which disproportionately supported Mill and Deer Creek populations during droughts, was uncommon among Butte Creek adults (averaging 60% of returns for Mill and Deer Creek vs. 0.3% for Butte Creek). Increased spring‐run stock complex stability was found, post‐restoration, when combining the three spring‐run populations (i.e., lower aggregate CV). However, among‐river pairwise correlations also suggested increased synchronization in population abundances post‐restoration, potentially due to increasing frequency and severity of extreme climatic events (e.g., droughts and ocean warming). This study underscores the importance of restoring a connected mosaic of aquatic habitats across modified landscapes, such as cold water refugia and floodplains, to preserve multiple (across‐population) life history pathways for increasing salmon stock complex stability and abundance. These landscape‐scale process‐based habitat restoration efforts are likely to be crucial for the successful long‐term recovery of vulnerable species in a rapidly changing climate.
DNA from dives: Species detection of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) from flukeprint eDNA
Authors: Robinson Chloe V. , Dracott Karina , Glover Robin D. , Warner Adam , Migneault Amy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNorthern British Columbia has been identified as an important habitat for several coastal cetacean species, including humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). This species is listed as being of “Special Concern” under Canada's Species at Risk Act, partly due to data deficiencies concerning genetic population structure and demographics in British Columbia. Anthropogenic activities threaten North Coast humpback whale populations, with particular concern for the impact of vessel noise, entanglement, and ship strikes. Current methodology (i.e., biopsy sampling) for obtaining cetacean genetic data is invasive, challenging, and costly; therefore, there is an urgency to develop effective and minimally invasive methodologies for efficiently collecting this data. Environmental DNA (eDNA) has been identified as an ideal tool for monitoring the presence and distribution of numerous species within marine ecosystems; however, the feasibility for cetaceans is not yet well established. In this study, we opportunistically collected targeted 1 L seawater eDNA samples from flukeprints when individual humpback whales were observed diving between the years of 2020 and 2022. A total of 93 samples were collected from individual humpback whales identified using a photographic identification catalogue. We successfully detected humpback whale eDNA in 28 samples using novel species‐specific qPCR primers (~500 mL of sample), with relatively equal successful detection between immediate (0 days) and delayed (up to 10 days) sample filtration. Here, we have validated a qPCR assay for detecting humpback whale DNA from flukeprints and highlighted the future optimizations required to improve the potential application of flukeprint eDNA for conservation management.
Renal ultrasonography predicts worsening renal function in patients with heart failure under tolvaptan administration
Authors: Tanaka Nobukiyo , Furukawa Yoshio , Maeda Takuya , Ishihara Hiroki , Dan Kazuhiro , Teramura Masanori , Ichihashi Kei , Takase Tetsuro , Takahashi Yuya , Tsuzura Daichi , Shinoda Akira , Fujii Masato , Okada Hisashi , Itabashi Fumiharu , Teramoto Tomohiko 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsRenal dysfunction in patients with chronic heart failure predicts a poor prognosis. Tolvaptan has a diuretic effect in patients with chronic kidney disease and heart failure without adverse effects on renal function. We aimed to determine the effects of tolvaptan and predictors of worsening renal function in patients with heart failure.Methods and resultsThis post hoc analysis was a sub‐analysis of a single‐centre prospectively randomized trial on the early and short‐term tolvaptan administration. We enrolled 201 participants with decompensated heart failure between January 2014 and March 2019 (early group, n = 104; age: 79.0 ± 12.8 years; late group, n = 97; age: 80.3 ± 10.8 years). Renal ultrasonography was performed before and after the administration of tolvaptan. Urine output and oral water intake significantly increased during tolvaptan administration. The difference between water intake and urine volume increased during tolvaptan administration. Changes in body weight, blood pressure, heart rate, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in both groups were comparable. The changes in peak‐systolic velocity (PSV), acceleration time (AT) of the renal arteries, and resistance index were comparable. The changes in PSV and end‐diastolic velocity (EDV) of the interlobar arteries increased following tolvaptan administration (Δmax PSV: 0.0 ± 14.8 cm/s before tolvaptan vs. 5.6 ± 15.7 cm/s after tolvaptan, P = 0.002; Δmean PSV: 0.4 ± 12.3 vs. 4.9 ± 12.7 cm/s, P = 0.002; Δmax EDV: −0.2 ± 3.5 vs. 1.4 ± 4.0 cm/s, P = 0.001; Δmean EDV: −0.0 ± 3.1 vs. 1.1 ± 3.4 cm/s, P = 0.003). The renal artery AT was negatively correlated with the eGFR (Δmax AT: beta = −0.2354, P = 0.044; Δmean AT: beta = −0.2477, P = 0.035).ConclusionsTolvaptan increased the PSV and EDV of the interlobar artery, which may mean tolvaptan increased renal blood flow. The renal artery AT may be a surrogate for worsening renal function.
Histopathology of congestive nephropathy: a case description and literature review
Authors: Husain‐Syed Faeq , Rangaswami Janani , Núñez Julio , Skrzypek Susanne , Jux Christian , Gröne Hermann‐Josef , Birk Horst‐Walter 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCongestive nephropathy is an underappreciated manifestation of cardiorenal syndrome and is characterized by a potentially reversible kidney dysfunction caused by a reduced renal venous outflow secondary to right‐sided heart failure or intra‐abdominal hypertension. To date, the histological diagnostic criteria for congestive nephropathy have not been defined. We herein report a case of acute renal dysfunction following cardiac allograft failure and present a review of the relevant literature to elucidate the current understanding of the disease. Our case demonstrated that congestion‐driven nephropathy may be histopathologically characterized by markedly dilated veins and peritubular capillaries, focally accentuated low‐grade acute tubular damage, small areas of interstitial fibrosis, and tubular atrophy on a background of normal glomeruli and predominantly normal tubular cell differentiation.
On the Substrate Scope of Dimethylsulfonium Propionate Lyases toward Dimethylsulfoxonium Propionate Derivatives
Authors: Chhalodia Anuj K. , Dickschat Jeroen S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe six dimethylsulfonium propionate (DMSP) lyases DddQ, DddW, DddP, DddY, DddK and DddL catalyze the elimination of dimethyl sulfide from DMSP and can also cleave the marine metabolite dimethylsulfoxonium propionate (DMSOP) to DMSO and acrylate. In this study the potency of all six enzymes for the conversion of four DMSOP analogs with longer alkyl chains that were synthesized in three steps from 3‐mercaptopropionic acid was investigated. For this purpose, the pH dependency of the enzyme reactions was determined, showing optimal conditions at pH 8 for all enzymes but DddP, for which an optimum of pH 6 was found. Efficient transformations were observed for DddQ, DddW, DddY and DddK, for which the Michaelis‐Menten kinetics were determined for all four substrate analogs. HPLC analysis of the dialkylsulfoxides obtained with the most efficient enzyme DddW revealed that these compounds were obtained with a low to moderate enantiomeric excess (up to 25 % ee), demonstrating that this enzyme has a preference for one of the enantiomers of the DMSOP analogs.