bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of anoxic sulfide biooxidation using nitrate/nitrite as electron acceptor
Authors: Mahmood Qaisar , Zheng Ping , Cai Jing , Wu Donglei , Hu Baolan , Islam Ejazul , Rashid Azim Muhammad 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe performance of two lab‐scale Anoxic Sulfide Oxidizing Reactors (ASOR) utilizing diverse electron acceptors was compared to evaluate the loading potential for treating synthetic wastewaters. The nitrite utilizing reactor tolerated very high influent substrate concentrations compared with the nitrate using reactor and displayed better performance at HRT of 2 days and shorter. Under steady‐state denitrifying conditions, the maximal sulfide and nitrite removal rates were 13.53 kg/(m3 days) and 16.31 kg/(m3 days), respectively, while the maximal removal rates with nitrate as electron acceptor were 4.18 kg/(m3 days) and 1.73 kg/(m3 days), respectively. The reactor with nitrite as electron acceptor was able to tolerate high sulfide concentrations up to 1920 mg/L as compared with one using nitrate with influent concentrations up to 580 mg/L. ASORs could endure high nitrite concentrations of 2265 mg/L, while tolerating moderately lower nitrate concentrations of 110 mg/L. The process utilizing nitrite as electron acceptor could tolerate shorter HRTs, as compared with one using nitrate. Superior performance of the nitrite using ASO reactor may be due to more nitrite reactivity. Nitrite might have induced cytochrome production accepting electrons efficiently from sulfide that helped to overcome nitrite toxicity to the denitrifiers involved. Nitrite as an electron acceptor could be a better choice to treat wastewaters containing sulfides. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2007
Linear trend tests for case–control genetic association that incorporate random phenotype and genotype misclassification error
Authors: Gordon Derek , Haynes Chad , Yang Yaning , Kramer Patricia L. , Finch Stephen J. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this work is the development of linear trend tests that allow for error (LTTae), specifically incorporating double‐sampling information on phenotypes and/or genotypes. We use a likelihood framework. Misclassification errors are estimated via double sampling. Unbiased estimates of penetrances and genotype frequencies are determined through application of the Expectation‐Maximization algorithm. We perform simulation studies to evaluate false‐positive rates for various genotype classification weights (recessive, dominant, additive). We compare simulated power between theLTTaeand its genotypic test equivalent, theLRTae, in the presence of phenotype and genotype misclassification, to evaluate power gains of theLTTaefor multi‐locus haplotype association with a dominant mode of inheritance. Finally, we applyLTTaeand a method without double‐sample information (LTTstd) to double‐sampled phenotype data for an actual Alzheimer's disease (AD) case–control study with ApoE genotypes. Simulation results suggest that theLTTaemaintains correct false‐positive rates in the presence of misclassification. For power simulations, theLTTaemethod is at least as powerful asLRTaemethod, with a maximum power gain of 0.42 over theLRTaemethod for certain parameter settings. For AD data,LTTaeprovides more significant evidence for association (permutationp=0.0522) thanLTTstd(permutationp=0.1684). This is due to observed phenotype misclassification. TheLTTaestatistic enables researchers to apply linear trend tests to case–control genetic data, increasing power to detect association in the presence of misclassification. If the disease MOI is known,LTTaemethods are usually more powerful due to the fact that the statistic has fewer degrees of freedom.Genet. Epidemiol. 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Methods for interaction analyses using family‐based case‐control data: conditional logistic regression versus generalized estimating equations
Authors: Hancock Dana B. , Martin Eden R. , Li Yi‐Ju , Scott William K. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA complex web of gene‐gene and gene‐environment interactions likely underlies late‐onset disease development. We compared conditional logistic regression (CLR) and generalized estimating equations (GEE) in modeling such interactions in pedigrees with missing parents. Using the simulation of linkage and association (SIMLA) program, disease genes, an environmental risk factor, gene‐gene interaction, and gene‐environment interaction were generated in family‐based data sets. Four scenarios for the relationship between the marker and disease loci were examined: linkage and association, linkage without association, association without linkage, and absence of both linkage and association. Models for CLR and GEE (with exchangeable and independence correlation matrices) were built, and type I error, power, average odds ratio (OR), standard deviation, and 95% confidence intervals were estimated. CLR and GEE were valid tests of association in the presence of linkage, but type I error was inflated for association without linkage, particularly with GEE. CLR generated estimates of the OR with lower bias but often more variability than the OR estimates observed for GEE. Further, GEE was more powerful than CLR in detecting main and interactive effects. Although GEE with both matrices had similar power, use of the independence matrix resulted in lower type I error and less biased OR estimation as compared to the exchangeable matrix. Our findings support the use of GEE in maximizing power to detect gene‐gene and gene‐environment interactions but caution its use under potential association without linkage (e.g., population stratification) and the interpretation of its OR estimates. Genet. Epidemiol. 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recurrent pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland: Analysis of 108 consecutive patients
Authors: Wittekindt Claus , Streubel Kristina , Arnold Georg , Stennert Eberhard , Guntinas‐Lichius Orlando 
Published: June 2007

AbstractBackgroundSurgery for recurrent parotid pleomorphic adenoma is a challenging problem.MethodsOne hundred eight patients who underwent 134 reoperations for recurrent parotid pleomorphic adenoma (follow‐up, 22 years) were evaluated for histopathologic features and risk factors for recurrence.ResultsThe number of reoperations for tumor recurrence ranged from 1 to 10. Twenty‐seven patients (25%) developed permanent facial nerve weakness. The risks for clinically evident rerecurrence after 1, 5, and 15 years were 16%, 42%, and 75%, respectively. Female sex, young age at initial treatment, and enucleation instead of parotidectomy for treatment of the first recurrence were significant risk factors for rerecurrence. The mean number of recurrent tumor nodules was 26.ConclusionsSurgery for recurrent parotid pleomorphic adenoma has a high rate of facial nerve morbidity. The chance of rerecurrence is high. Extended parotidectomy seems to be the best approach for the reoperation to reduce the risk of rerecurrence. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 2007
Salivary duct carcinoma: A clinical and histologic review with implications for trastuzumab therapy
Authors: Nabili Vishad , Tan Jesse W. , Bhuta Sunita , Sercarz Joel A. , Head Christian S. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractBackgroundSalivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is an aggressive tumor of the head and neck with a poor prognosis. The objective was to study SDC and recommend the use of trastuzumab as adjuvant therapy.MethodsA retrospective chart review of patients seen between 1993 and 2006 was performed. Tumor specimens were examined for HER‐2 protein overexpression via immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) methods.ResultsOf the 7 patients with SDC, 57% had tumors arising in the parotid gland, the majority having facial nerve paralysis, 71% with nodal disease, and 43% having recurrence. All samples were HER‐2 positive on IHC. Three patients had FISH‐positive tumors, recurrent disease, and recieved trastuzumab therapy; 1 of the 3 died after 20 months and a second has shown disappearance of metastatic disease.ConclusionsTrastuzumab is effective in treating HER‐2‐positive breast cancer. Given immunohistochemical similarities between SDC and ductal carcinoma of the breast, patients with FISH‐positive HER‐2/neu SDC should be considered for trastuzumab therapy. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 2007
Clinical impact of, and prognostic stratification by, F‐18 FDG PET/CT in head and neck mucosal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: A. Connell Caroline , Corry June , Milner Alvin D. , Hogg Annette , Hicks Rodney J. , Rischin Danny , Peters Lester J. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine prospectively the incremental value of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) over conventional assessment (clinical examination and CT/MRI imaging).MethodsAll patients undergoing 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)‐PET/CT for primary head and neck mucosal squamous cell carcinoma between January 2002 and December 2003 (inclusive) were included in this study provided they had undergone contemporaneous conventional assessment of the head and neck region and had 12 months minimum follow‐up.ResultsSeventy‐six patients underwent 100 PET/CT scans. The majority of patients (74%) were treated with definitive (chemo)radiotherapy. Median follow‐up time was 28 months. PET/CT led to a TNM classification alteration in 34% (12/35), a change in radiotherapy planning technique and/or dose in 29% (10/35), and altered treatment response assessment in 43% (13/30). A complete metabolic response was predictive of overall survival (p = .037).ConclusionOur results support incorporation of PET/CT into the management paradigm of head and neck mucosal squamous cell carcinoma. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 2007
Prognostic significance of cyclin D1 and p16 in patients with intermediate‐risk head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with docetaxel and concurrent radiotherapy
Authors: Higuchi Eisaku , Oridate Nobuhiko , Homma Akihiro , Suzuki Fumiyuki , Atago Yoshihiro , Nagahashi Tatsumi , Furuta Yasushi , Fukuda Satoshi 
Published: June 2007

AbstractBackgroundThe current study aimed to evaluate the significance of the cell‐cycle‐control proteins cyclin D1 and p16 as prognostic markers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients treated with docetaxel and radiotherapy.MethodsCyclin D1 and/or p16 protein expression was retrospectively evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 53 patients with stage T1‐3N0‐2M0 (except T1N0 glottis) HNSCC who were treated with 10 mg/m2/week docetaxel 4 to 6 times and received concurrent chemoradiotherapy.ResultsKaplan–Meier univariate analysis revealed that patients with cyclin D1‐positive tumors or p16‐negative tumors had a worse prognosis compared with those with cyclin D1‐negative tumors or p16‐positive tumors (p = .0004 and p = .025, respectively). The prognostic significance of cyclin D1 expression, not p16 expression, was confirmed using a proportional hazard regression model.ConclusionsAn assessment of cyclin D1 and p16 levels might be of clinical use in defining subgroups of patients with poor prognosis. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 2007
Systematic screening and treatment evaluation of hereditary neck paragangliomas
Authors: Fish John H. , Klein‐Weigel Peter , Biebl Matthias , Janecke Andreas , Tauscher Thomas , Fraedrich Gustav 
Published: June 2007

AbstractFamilial paragangliomas of the neck are often bilateral and more aggressive than spontaneous forms. Tumors appear earlier (2nd–4th decade) often with diffuse, multifocal involvement. Without treatment, these tumors can lead to significant morbidity. Three families withsuccinate dehydrogenase subunit D(SDHD) germline mutations underwent clinical and genetic evaluation. Patients were screened using ultrasound and evaluated further with conventional and functional imaging. Tumors with a diameter >1.5 cm were surgically removed. Multicentric and bilateral tumors were detected in 9/13 (69%) and 8/13 (62%) patients, respectively. Surgical morbidity occurred in 64% of patients. Local recurrence was 57%, although this was lower in tumors with a diameter <2 cm. We recommend an algorithm for a systematic approach to the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of familial head and neck paragangliomas. Operative treatment in advanced stages often leads to unwanted morbidity, such that earlier detection and treatment of smaller tumors seems to be of benefit. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 2007
Convergence between physiological, facial and verbal self‐report measures of affective empathy in children
Authors: Anastassiou‐Hadjicharalambous Xenia , Warden David 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe present study investigated the degree of convergence between three different measures of vicarious affective responsiveness (affective empathy)—verbal self‐report, facial expression and change in heart rate—in typically developing children (N=29, aged 8–10 years), when presented with an emotionally evocative film. Although convergence between physiological and verbal measures was only at chance levels, convergence between facial and physiological measures, and between facial and verbal measures was statistically significant, but low (κ=0.30 and 0.22, respectively, p<0.01). These findings have important implications for the assessment of empathy in children and indicate that generalization of results across methods should be undertaken with caution. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The relation between 3‐ and 15‐month olds' cry vocalizations and their mothers' affective involvement during inoculation
Authors: Stormark Kjell Morten 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis study examined if infant immunization distress is related to their mothers' affective involvement prior to the injection. The duration of infant cry vocalizations and the amount of maternal behaviour before and after the syringe injection were observed in 18 mother–infant dyads, of whom nine comprised 3‐month‐old and nine 15‐month‐old infants. The maternal behaviour was scored in terms of various soothing strategies used to calm infants in distress. Infant cry duration, in both the 3‐ and the 15‐month olds, was associated with amount of maternal eye‐gaze before the injection. For the 15‐month olds, also face‐to‐face contact and rocking the infant was associated with more crying. Even though the small scale of the study warrants some caution in the interpretation, the overall findings suggest that young infants have a referential understanding of caregiver affective involvement prior to a stressor. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expression of S100A4 by a variety of cell types present in the tumor microenvironment of human breast cancer
Authors: Cabezón Teresa , Celis Julio E. , Skibshøj Inge , Klingelhöfer Jörg , Grigorian Mariam , Gromov Pavel , Rank Fritz , Myklebust June Helen , Mælandsmo Gunhild M. , Lukanidin Eugene , Ambartsumian Noona 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe S100A4 protein, which is involved in the metastasis process, is a member of the S100 superfamily of Ca‐binding proteins. Members of this family are multifunctional signaling proteins with dual extra and intracellular functions involved in the regulation of diverse cellular processes. Several studies have established a correlation between S100A4 protein expression and worse prognosis for patients with various malignancies including breast cancer. In this article, we have used specific antibodies in combination with immunohistochemistry (IHC) to identify the cell types that express S100A4 in human breast cancer biopsies obtained from high‐risk patients. IHC analysis of 68 tumor biopsies showed that the protein is expressed preferentially by various cell types present in the tumor microenvironment (macrophages, fibroblasts, activated lymphocytes), rather than by the tumor cells themselves. Moreover, we show that the protein is externalized by the stroma cells to the fluid that bathes the tumor microenvironment, where it is found in several forms that most likely correspond to charge variants. Using a specific ELISA test, we detected a significant higher concentration of S100A4 in the tumor interstitial fluid (TIF) as compared to their corresponding normal counterparts (NIF). © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Id1 expression is transcriptionally regulated in radial growth phase melanomas
Authors: Ryu Byungwoo , Kim Dave S. , DeLuca Amena M. , Healey Megan A. , Dunlap Shariff , Fackler Mary Jo , Herman James , Alani Rhoda M. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractId genes have been demonstrated to be upregulated in a wide variety of human malignancies and their expression has been correlated with disease prognosis; however, little is known about the mechanisms of Id gene activation in tumors. We have previously shown that the helix‐loop‐helix transcription factor, Id1, is highly expressed in primary human melanomas during the radial growth phase and that Id1 is a transcriptional repressor of the familial melanoma gene CDKN2A. Here we use a series of melanoma cell lines that recapitulate the phenotypic characteristics of melanomas at varying stages of malignant progression to evaluate the expression levels of Id1 in this model system and determine the mechanism of Id1 dysregulation in these tumor cells. We find elevated protein levels of Id1 to be present consistently in radial growth phase tumor cells in accordance with our primary tumor data. Id1 transcript levels were also found to be elevated in these radial growth phase melanoma cells without any appreciable evidence of gene amplification and Id1 promoter activity was found to correlate with Id expression levels. We therefore conclude that Id1 expression is primarily regulated at the transcriptional level in radial growth phase melanomas and expect that therapies that target Id1 gene expression may be useful in the treatment of Id‐associated malignancies. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A prospective pilot study of antibodies against human papillomaviruses and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma nested in the Oxford component of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
Authors: Casabonne Delphine , Michael Kristina M. , Waterboer Tim , Pawlita Michael , Forslund Ola , Burk Robert D. , Travis Ruth C. , Key Tim J. , Newton Robert 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn a prospective pilot study nested in the EPIC‐Oxford cohort, we examined the seroprevalence of antibodies against the L1 antigen of 38 human papilloma virus (HPV) types among 39 cases of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) for whom plasma was collected prior to diagnosis (incident) and 80 controls. Fifteen cases having already developed SCC at blood collection (prevalent) were also tested. There were no statistically significant differences in the seroprevalence of antibodies against any of the HPV types examined between incident cases and controls, nor was there a difference in the seroprevalence of multiple infections. However, consistent with results from published case–control studies, the seroprevalence of many β‐HPV types was higher among prevalent cases than among either incident cases or controls. For example the seroprevalence of antibodies against HPV‐8 was 20% (16/80) in controls, 23% (9/39) among incident cases and 40% (6/15) among prevalent cases. Among the incident cases only, the seroprevalence was 16% (5/32) among those for whom blood was collected 18+ months prior to diagnosis, but 57% (4/7) among those for whom diagnosis was within 18 months of blood collection, a pattern seen for many of the HPV types. This might suggest that if HPV is involved in the aetiology of SCC, the process occurs close to the time of diagnosis, or that the antibody response observed in people with SCC is a consequence of tumor formation. Further and larger prospective studies are needed to clarify the role of HPV in the aetiology of cutaneous SCC. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Innovative processes for electropolishing of medical devices made of stainless steels
Authors: Eliaz Noam , Nissan Oded 
Published: June 2007

AbstractCurrently, many medical devices are made of implantable metals such as 316LVM stainless steel. Electropolishing is a common process to obtain a smooth surface, free of contaminants and more passive, which allows for minimizing the foreign body response and cell adhesion. However, polishing of small implants with a highly complicated geometry and nonuniform metallurgy might result in unsatisfactory results. The objective of this work was to develop an electropolishing process effective for complex metallic implants such as artificial heart valve frames and miniature glaucoma implants. Polishing in an ultrasonic bath and pulsed voltage polishing processes were studied and compared to the standard ASTM process. Current‐voltage curves were constructed for different solutions and bath temperatures. The polished parts were evaluated by stereomicroscopy, optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, noncontact surface profilometry, and X‐ray diffraction. Pulse polishing was found useful in eliminating the erosion effects of gas bubbles in solution. Electropolishing in an ultrasonic bath was found useful when a rough, patterned surface is needed, e.g. for osseointegration purposes. Preliminary animal studies followed by histopathology indicated that the polished surfaces stimulated only a moderate body reaction, as desired in such applications. The pronounced dependence of the measured roughness values on both the measurement technique and scanned area should inspire the preparation of a new test‐method standard. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2007
Electronic structure and physical properties of MiXi clusters (M = B, Al; X = N, P; i = 1, 2, 3): Ab initio study
Authors: Ončák Milan , Srnec Martin 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAb initio calculations of structural stability and properties of selected IIIa–Va monomers (BN, BP, AlN, AlP), and dimers and trimers thereof are presented. It was demonstrated that multireference methods are needed for an appropriate description of the electronic structure of the diatomics under study. The energy differences between the quasi‐degenerated states of monomers were determined: in the range of 220–257 cm−1 for the X3Π → A1Σ+ in BN, 277–311 cm−1 for the X3Π → A3Σ− in AlN, and 344–768 cm−1 for the X3Σ− → A3Π in the AlP molecule. Many stable isomers of dimers and trimers were optimized and the structural patterns of the species were established. Although the (BN)i isomers prefer linear and cyclic geometries with a metal‐nonmetal sequence, the structure of the (AlN)i species is determined by strong NN interactions; the geometric patterns of the (BP)i and (AlP)i systems are more involved. The electronic structure and physical and chemical properties of the most stable dimers and trimers were calculated. As to electronic spectra, absorption bands in the visible and infrared region were found. The calculated low‐lying excited states, electron distribution and partially biradical character of structures along with the variety of stable isomers indicate high chemical reactivity of the studied IIIa–Va microclusters. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2008