bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential QTL underlie wheat grain physical quality when measured using image‐based versus traditional laboratory methods
Authors: Emebiri Livinus , Hildebrand Shane 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe marketing value of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is determined, in parts, by the grain's physical characteristics, owing to which they directly (or indirectly) influence milling performance and baking quality. These characteristics have been manually measured in the past, but now, digital image analysis (DIA) is being increasingly used to replace the slow phenotyping system. Here, we asked whether this could lead to the identification of the same or different genes when compared to the traditional phenotyping methods.ResultsWe measured grain physical quality on 142 wheat doubled haploids grown in the field over 2 years, and in using the quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping approach we found that (1) for wheat grain weight, the use of DIA provided genetic information that mostly conformed to those obtained using the traditional phenotyping methods, with heritability estimates that were identical across both methods. Majority of the QTL detected were consistent between the traditional versus digital phenotyping methods; (2) a more complex architecture, however, arose from QTL analyses of hectoliter mass (HLM) and percentage of shriveled grains (SCR). The estimates for heritability varied by as much as 0.24 across methods and, more significantly, many of the detected QTL for both traits were method‐specific; (3) though method‐specific, identified QTL was mapped to genomic regions known to harbor genes for grain physical traits.ConclusionsThousand‐grain weight (TGW) is robust to a phenotyping method, but a different genetic system underlies HLM and SCR, when these were measured using traditional versus digital image analysis. For these traits, heritability estimates were larger when phenotyped using traditional methods relative to digital image analysis, suggesting that further refinements are required to better correlate digital image analysis with the traditional phenotyping methods.
In vivo evidence of sea buckthorn relieving oxidative stress and improving immune performance of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)
Authors: Yan Xiao , Pang Peng , Zhang Hang , Mi Jiali , Qin Chaobin , Yang Liping , Yang Bowen , Nie Guoxing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDSea buckthorn has the functions of antioxidation, antitumor, anti‐inflammation and regulating energy metabolism. In order to investigate the effects of sea buckthorn powder and sea buckthorn flavonoids on the antioxidant properties, immune function and muscle fatty acid composition of common carp, an oral feeding experiment was carried out.RESULTSThe administration of glucose significantly reduced the levels of glutathione and the activity of total antioxidant capacity enzyme in serum and hepatopancreas, while concurrently upregulating the level of malondialdehyde (MDA)(P < 0.05). Conversely, oral intake of sea buckthorn powder and flavonoids increased antioxidant enzyme activity and decreased MDA levels. In terms of antioxidant molecular indicators, sea buckthorn powder and sea buckthorn flavonoids significantly increased the mRNA levels of nuclear factor NF‐E2‐related factor (nrf2) in the hepatopancreas and muscle. Meanwhile, mRNA expression levels of downstream antioxidant‐related genes (gr, cat, gpx, and sod) regulated by Nrf2 were also upregulated. In the immune aspects, the mRNA expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin‐6 (il‐6), interleukin‐1β (il‐1β) and nuclear factor‐κB (nf‐κb), were reduced but the expressions of anti‐inflammatory cytokines, such as growth factor‐β (tgf‐β) and interleukin‐10 (il‐10), were enhanced in the head kidney and spleen tissues after oral administration with sea buckthorn. In terms of muscle fatty acid composition, the ratio of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)/n‐6 PUFA was notably higher after administering sea buckthorn flavonoids than that of the glucose group (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated that oral administration of sea buckthorn powder and sea buckthorn flavonoids significantly enhanced the antioxidant capacity and immune response and improved the muscle fatty acid compositions in common carp, and also mitigated the adverse effects of glucose treatment to a certain extent. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Liquid Crystal Metasurface for On‐Demand Terahertz Beam Forming Over 110° Field‐Of‐View
Authors: Chen Chen , Chen Sai , Ni Yibo , Xu Yibao , Yang Yuanmu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe terahertz spectral region, which bridges between electronics and optics, is poised to play an important role in the development of transformative wireless communication and imaging systems with unprecedented functionality. Currently, a major challenge in terahertz technology is to develop high‐performance terahertz beam‐forming devices that can dynamically shape the terahertz radiation in a flexible manner. Existing terahertz beam‐forming devices have limited coding bits, field‐of‐view, and beam gain. Here, a reconfigurable liquid crystal‐integrated terahertz metasurface is experimentally demonstrated, with each metasurface unit cell being independently addressable. The metasurface has a 260° continuous phase tuning range with a liquid crystal layer thickness of only 1% of the free‐space wavelength. The terahertz wave diffracted from the metasurface can be steered toward a wide range of directions is shown, covering a record‐large 110° field‐of‐view with a peak gain of 25 dBi. The metasurface also features a low power consumption and sub‐second switching time. Furthermore, the formation of multiple terahertz beams is demonstrated, with the direction of each beam and the power ratio between beams adjustable on demand. The proposed liquid crystal metasurface possesses compelling prospects for future terahertz communication and imaging applications.
Northwestern University resource and education development initiatives to advance collaborative artificial intelligence across the learning health system
Authors: Luo Yuan , Mao Chengsheng , Sanchez‐Pinto Lazaro N. , Ahmad Faraz S. , Naidech Andrew , Rasmussen Luke , Pacheco Jennifer A. , Schneider Daniel , Mithal Leena B. , Dresden Scott , Holmes Kristi , Carson Matthew , Shah Sanjiv J. , Khan Seema , Clare Susan , Wunderink Richard G. , Liu Huiping , Walunas Theresa , Cooper Lee , Yue Feng , Wehbe Firas , Fang Deyu , Liebovitz David M. , Markl Michael , Michelson Kelly N. , McColley Susanna A. , Green Marianne , Starren Justin , Ackermann Ronald T. , D'Aquila Richard T. , Adams James , Lloyd‐Jones Donald , Chisholm Rex L. , Kho Abel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare has exposed the unmet need for growing a multidisciplinary workforce that can collaborate effectively in the learning health systems. Maximizing the synergy among multiple teams is critical for Collaborative AI in Healthcare.MethodsWe have developed a series of data, tools, and educational resources for cultivating the next generation of multidisciplinary workforce for Collaborative AI in Healthcare. We built bulk‐natural language processing pipelines to extract structured information from clinical notes and stored them in common data models. We developed multimodal AI/machine learning (ML) tools and tutorials to enrich the toolbox of the multidisciplinary workforce to analyze multimodal healthcare data. We have created a fertile ground to cross‐pollinate clinicians and AI scientists and train the next generation of AI health workforce to collaborate effectively.ResultsOur work has democratized access to unstructured health information, AI/ML tools and resources for healthcare, and collaborative education resources. From 2017 to 2022, this has enabled studies in multiple clinical specialties resulting in 68 peer‐reviewed publications. In 2022, our cross‐discipline efforts converged and institutionalized into the Center for Collaborative AI in Healthcare.ConclusionsOur Collaborative AI in Healthcare initiatives has created valuable educational and practical resources. They have enabled more clinicians, scientists, and hospital administrators to successfully apply AI methods in their daily research and practice, develop closer collaborations, and advanced the institution‐level learning health system.
Stress corrosion tests for prestressing steels—Part 1: The influence of surface condition and test solution composition on hydrogen charging
Authors: Seifert Lando , Grunewald Andreas , Müller Thoralf , Ebell Gino 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTests for assessing prestressing steels' susceptibility to hydrogen‐induced stress corrosion cracking are essential for approvals, in‐house monitoring, and third‐party material testing. According to ISO 15630‐3, the time to brittle fracture by constant load under corrosive conditions in thiocyanate test solutions (A or B) at 50°C is measured. In the literature, a high scattering in stress corrosion tests is reported, which questions the integrity of the test procedure. This paper shows the results of studies about the influence of solution composition on hydrogen charging in electrochemical and permeation measurements. Electrochemical experiments show that polished steel surfaces without common drawing layers have more consistent free corrosion currents, polarization resistances, and B‐values in solution A with low scattering compared to the solution B experiments. The influence of temperature at 50°C and an ambient temperature of 22°C was also tested.
Self‐healing polyurethane anticorrosive coatings based on alkyd resin microcapsules
Authors: Xie Bin , Shi Hongwei , Song Yingwei , Han En‐Hou 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, self‐healing microcapsules were prepared by in situ polymerization using poly(vinyl alcohol) as the emulsifier, urea‐formaldehyde resin as the shell material, and alkyd resin as the core material. The average diameter of the obtained microcapsules was about 20 μm and the encapsulation rate of alkyd resin was 50.7 wt.%. The self‐healing coating was prepared by adding 5 wt.% of microcapsules to the pure polyurethane coating and then coated on AA2024‐T3 substrate. The self‐healing effect was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests and neutral salt spray tests confirmed that the self‐healing coating had good anticorrosion properties.
Biomedical Efficacy of Garlic‐Extract‐Loaded Core‐Sheath Plasters for Natural Antimicrobial Wound Care
Authors: Majd Hamta , Gultekinoglu Merve , Bayram Cem , Karaosmanoğlu Beren , Taşkıran Ekim Z. , Kart Didem , Erol Özgür Doğuş , Harker Anthony , Edirisinghe Mohan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis work explores the application of Allium sativum (Garlic) extract, in the creation of novel polymeric core‐sheath fibers for wound therapy applications. The core‐sheath pressurized gyration (CS PG) technology is utilized to mass‐produce fibers with a polycaprolactone (PCL) core and a polyethylene oxide (PEO) sheath, loaded with garlic extract. The produced fibers maintain structural integrity, long‐term stability and provide a cell‐friendly surface with rapid antibacterial activity. The physical properties, morphology, therapeutic delivery, cytotoxicity, thermal and chemical stability of PCL, PEO, PEO/Garlic, Core‐Sheath (CS) PEO/PCL and PEO/Garlic/PCL fibers are analyzed. Findings show that the addition of garlic extract greatly increases the fibers’ thermal durability, while decreasing their diameter, thus improving cell adhesion and proliferation. In‐vitro release tests reveal a rapid release of garlic extract, which has significant antibacterial action against both Gram‐negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram‐positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria species. Cell viability experiments validate the fiber samples' biocompatibility and nontoxicity, making them appropriate for integrative medicine applications. These core‐sheath structures emphasize the potential of combining natural therapeutic agents with advanced material technologies to develop cost‐effective, sustainable and highly effective wound dressings, offering a promising solution to the growing concerns associated with conventional synthetic antibacterial agents.
A Systematic Study and Biomedical Investigation on O‐Terphenyl Incorporated Copper(II) Chloride Crystal via Slow Evaporation Technique
Authors: Ponsankarar Lalitha , Srinivasan Arumugam , Vallinayagam Sugumari , Arockiaswamy Sinthiya , Chinnappa Nivetha , Manickam Muthuselvam , Umapathy Devan , Arockiam Antony Joseph Velanganni 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCurrent research trends emphasize the need to characterize and analyze the biomedical applications and antibacterial/fungal activity and anticancer studies of O‐terphenyl incorporated copper (II) chloride (OTCC) single crystals by the method of slow evaporation. For this research, a brand‐new inorganic competitive coordination approach is used for crystal formation. As a result, single crystal X‐ray diffraction examination validated the growth of phase in the OTCC crystal. A powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD) study confirmed the crystalline purity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) analysis is used to identify the functional groups of organic substances contained in the sample. This sample's optical transparency is assessed using a UV‐Vis‐NIR between 200 and 800 nm in wavelength. In these recent trends, emphasized chemically supported investigation into OTCC crystals and their antibacterial activity and anticancer activity against pathogens are revealed. The outcome of this work will be the effect of metal doping with organic‐based materials, which could be an important reliable weapon in the field of cancer treatment. Many researchers during recent years has done tremendous work exploring and developing drug designs, whereas attention has been drawn to metal‐based organic crystals, metal‐based crystals have the most effect on drug resistance and treat cancer cells. The biological efficacy of this crystal is tested, and it is discovered to have pharmacological qualities such as antibacterial and anticancer capabilities.
Complex Impedance Study of Graphite Nanopowder (GNP) Reinforced Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)‐Bismuth Ferrite (BiFeO3) Composite Films
Authors: Shrivastava Shubham , Chakroborty Subhendu , Yadav Tarun , Moharana Srikanta , Malviya Jitendra 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this work, the graphite nanopowder (GNP) reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) based Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3; BFO) composite films with different weight percentages of GNP using a solution casting technique. The electrical properties of GNP‐reinforced PVA composites are investigated using a complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS) technique to show the bulk and grain effect with the rise in frequency by an impedance analyzer in a frequency range from 102 to 106 Hz at room temperature. The single semicircle is showing in the complex planes using the real and imaginary impedance characteristics. The GNP‐reinforced PVA composite films show evidence of bulk and grain impact in complicated impedance analysis. Based on the Nyquist plot, it appeared that only the bulk effects of the resultant composite systems are present.
Dielectric and Electrical Behavior of Apraseodymium Based Tungsten Bronze Ceramics
Authors: Devi Saraswati , Behera Saubhagyalaxmi , Moharana Srikanta , Chakroborty Subhendu , Barik Arundhati 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe ceramic oxide Na2Ba2Pr2W2Ti4Nb4O30 (NBPWTN) is prepared by a mechanical mixed oxide route. The compound formation and the phase are concluded from the x‐ray diffraction pattern taken at room temperature (XRD). The uniform distribution of grains of various sizes with negligible voids is studied from scanning electron micrograph of the sample pellet. The presence of dielectric dispersion and ferroelectric phase in the material is observed from the temperature‐dependent dielectric parameters at selected frequencies. The existence of ferroelectricity in the material is further confirmed by the room temperature hysteresis loop. Impedance spectroscopic studies informed about the correlation between the microstructure and electrical behavior. The frequency variation of AC conductivity refers to Jonscher's law. The temperature variation of frequency exponent term n indicates OLPT (overlapping large polaron‐tunneling) model of the conduction mechanism in the sample. NBPWTN is a strong candidate for applications involving thermistor‐related devices because of the temperature dependency of resistance. The value of temperature sensitivity coefficient β in our investigation is achieved between 2000 and 11 000 K, confirming that the material has a high‐temperature stability property and is ideal for high‐temperature electronics applications. The high room temperature dielectric constant value of the ceramic (around 500) is useful for dielectric capacitor applications.
RP HPLC Enabled Novel Analytical Method for the Development and Quantification of Cefuroxime Axetil in its Bulk Drug and Pharmaceutical Formulations
Authors: Mishra Haragouri , Behera Amulyaratna , Kar Sidhartha Shankar , Dash Swagatika 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCurrent investigations aim to develop and validate an accurate, simple, specific, and precise RP‐HPLC method for the detection of cefuroxime axetil, in bulk and tablet dosage forms. Despite extensive literature reviews, no method could be found for estimating the variables mentioned above. The chromatographic separation is achieved on Sunfire C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) of HPLC (Agilent Tech 1100), with 5 µm mobile phase composed of methanol, orthophosphoric acid (0.05%) adjusted to a pH of 3.0 in water, 40:60% v/v triethylamine using isocratic mode of elution, at wavelength 278.0 nm using UV Spectrophotometer, temperature 25 °C, detection is done. The developed method is done as per ICH guidelines. A linear calibration curve is found to be linear in concentrations between 1 and 5 µg mL−1 (r2 = 0.9995). The percentage recoveries of cefuroxime axetil are found to be in the range of 95.68–96.98%. The percentage of relative standard deviations in intraday trials is found to be 0.61, 0.66, and 0.88, respectively, and in interday studies are 0.06, 0.16, and 0.29, respectively, demonstrating good accuracy and little variance. The proposed method is highly sensitive, robust, precise, accurate, and the use of green solvents makes this method safe and efficacious.
Unveiling the Potential of Coffee Grounds, Banana Peels and Egg Shells as an Eco‐Friendly and Sustainable Fertilizer
Authors: Aboelkheir Mostafa Galal , Filho Nicolle Ferreira , Gomes Fernando 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCoffee grounds, along with other organic materials like eggshells and banana peels, offer a promising solution for improving food security. This research brings innovation to the forefront by reimagining kitchen waste as a valuable resource for sustainable agriculture, introducing a multicomponent fertilizer approach, exploring different application methods, and focusing on a staple crop, ultimately contributing to the broader discourse on food security and environmental conservation. This study evaluated the effect of coffee grounds, eggshells, and banana peels as fertilizers on the growth and germination of Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean) plants. Two types of fertilizers are prepared: a dry mixture and a wet mixture obtained by boiling the dry mixture in water for 15 min. The height of the plants is measured weekly over a period of four weeks. The results indicated that the wet fertilizer mixture is more effective in promoting plant growth than the dry mixture. Plants that received the wet fertilizer mixture exhibited a higher growth rate and reached a greater height than those that received the dry mixture. It can be concluded that the wet fertilizer mixture is more efficient in promoting the growth of Phaseolus vulgaris plants than the dry mixture.
Estimation of Lexisinatide in Bulk and Tablets by RP‐UPLC Method Developed by Quality by Design Concept
Authors: Godela Ramreddy , Venugopal Muralidharan , Yagnambhatla Rajendra , Gugulothu Suryam , Mayasa Vinyas , Maddukuri Sravya , Patil Archana S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe primary goal of the proposed study is to establish and validate a low‐cost, sensitive, reliable, and trouble‐free RP‐UPLC process with improved performance for the direct estimation of Lixisenatide in pure powder and fixed‐dose tablet form. The proposed method is optimized by implementing quality by design studies. The method is optimized using quadratic model of central composite design (CCD) of randomized response surface study. Successful separation of Lixisenatide is obtained by the use of Phenyl‐XBD (1.7 µm, 2.1 mm × 100 mm) column and a mobile phase of acetonitrile: 0.1% w/v OPA (60:40) with 0.5 mL min−1 flow rate. The separated Lixisenatide and its degradants are explorated with PDA detector which has the ability to provide comprehensive spectral information, rapid data acquisition, quantitative analysis, and peak purity analysis of all compounds simultaneously. The RT of Lixisenatide is found to be 1.34 min. The lowest concentration of Lixisenatide's limit of detection and limit of quantification makes guarantees regarding the method's sensitivity. For the provided range of linear concentrations (1.25–7.5 µg mL−1), the regression coefficient is found to be 0.999. The computed average percentage recoveries of Lixisenatide in spiked solutions ranged from 98.9% to 101.2%. The % degradation of Lixisenatide in the presence of a variety of forced conditions confirms the existing method's stability. Lixisenatide is significantly photo sensitive when compared to other stressful conditions such as acid, base hydrolysis, and oxidation. The proposed UPLC approach separates Lixisenatide with high sensitivity, a short retention time, and an affordable solvent system.
Structural Modeling, Spectroscopic Signature and NBO Analysis of Octopamine and Its Radical
Authors: Yadav Nagendra , Yadav Tarun , Vishwkarma Anil Kumar , Chakroborty Subhendu , Tripathi Pankaj Kumar , Pandey Fanindra Pati , Pathak Amit , Ansari Mariyam 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe present communication deals with theoretical vibrational spectroscopic signature (IR and Raman) of octopamine molecule and its radical. All theoretical calculations for octopamine and its radical are performed at DFT/B3LYP/6‐31++G (d, p) level. Besides, the vibrational frequencies of these two structures has been compared. Most of the vibrational frequencies agree well with experimental ones. It has been documented how the geometrical characteristics and vibrational frequencies of octopamine are affected when hydrogen is removed from the oxygen atom's site. The HOMO‐LUMO energy gap in the case of neutral form of octopamine is computed to be 5.42 eV while for deprotonated octopamine this gap has been increased by 0.78 eV. The NBO analysis is also performed to ensure stability of radical of octopamine. The magnitude of occupancy at bonding orbitals within the 0.997–0.885e, and 0.996–0.885e range in octopamine and octopamine, respectively, is calculated.