bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and phylogeny of Haemonchus contortus through internal transcribed spacer 2 gene in small ruminants
Authors: Ahmad Nisar , Khan Saeed A. , Majid Hafiz A. , Ali Rehman , Ullah Riaz , Bari Ahmed , Akbar Noor Ul , Majid Abdul 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionHaemonchus contortus (H. contortus) is a blood-feeding nematode causing infectious disease haemonchosis in small ruminants of tropical and subtropical regions around the world. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and phylogeny of H. contortus in small ruminants using the internal transcribed spacer-2 (ITS-2) gene. In addition, a comprehensive review of the available literature on the status of H. contortus in Pakistan was conducted.MethodsFecal samples were collected from sheep and goats (n = 180). Microscopically positive samples were subjected to DNA extraction followed by PCR using species-specific primers.ResultsThe overall prevalence of H. contortus was 25.55% in small ruminants. The prevalence of H. contortus was significantly associated with months and area. The highest occurrence of haemonchosis was documented in July (38.70%), whereas the lowest occurred in December (11.11%), with significant difference. The prevalence was highest in the Ghamkol camp (29.4%) and lowest in the arid zone of the Small Ruminant Research Institute (17.5%) (p = 0.01). The results of the systematic review revealed the highest prevalence of haemonchosis (34.4%) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (p = 0.001).DiscussionPhylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship between H. contortus and isolates from Asia (China, India, Iran, Bangladesh, Malaysia, and Mongolia) and European countries (Italy and the United Kingdom). It has been concluded that H. contortus is prevalent in small ruminants of Kohat district and all over Pakistan, which could be a potential threat to food-producing animals, farmers, dairy, and the meat industry. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that H. contortus isolates share close phylogenetic relationships with species from Asia and Europe.
Pesticidal Potential of Essential Oil Obtained from a New Variety of Marigold (Tagetes patula L., fam. Asteraceae)
Authors: Tudora Catalina , Nenciu Florin , Muscalu Adriana , Burnichi Floarea , Gatea Florentina , Boiu-Sicuia Oana Alina , Israel-Roming Florentina 
Published: April 2024

Essential oils (EOs) extracted from various medicinal plants offer a promising alternative to non-selective chemical substances commonly employed in conventional agriculture. Their chemical composition includes several classes of chemical compounds with beneficial properties, such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and phenylpropanoids, which can selectively control microbiological elements in soil and plants. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the essential oils and floral waters obtained from a new variety of marigold (Tagetes patula L., fam. Asteraceae, “Nanuk” variety) across various parameters, including biochemical characterization using GC-MS, antioxidant activity evaluated under three methods (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP), antimicrobial properties (for three G− bacteria: Perctobacterium carotovorum, Pseudomonas marginalis, Pseudomonas syringae and against three phytopathogenic fungi: Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea), and insecticidal activity. The results showed that when applied in high concentrations, marigold essential oil has a potential bactericidal effect on P. carotovorum, as well as a potential fungicidal effect on B. cinerea.
Penerapan Metode Bermain Crossword Puzzle pada Mata Pelajaran Fiqih Kelas 2 Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas Belajar
Authors: Amelia Dini , Lestari Mariana Nur Endah , Muslim Muslim 
Published: April 2024

<p>Pembelajaran fiqih merupakan salah satu pembelajaran diniyah yang diajarkan di madrasah ibtidaiyah. Materi yang diajarkan pada pembelajaran fiqih di antaranya adalah bab sholat, dzikir, dan hal-hal yang dimakruhkan. Pada pembelajaran ini diperlukan berbagai metode yang menarik dan interaktif bagi peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan suasana belajar yang menyenangkan dan mampu meningkatkan aktivitas belajar. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Dalam penelitian ini, data diperoleh berdasarkan fakta-fakta yang ada di lapangan. Adapun teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian melalui observasi dan wawancara. Untuk mengetahui secara jelas dan detail mengenai pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode bermain Crossword Puzzle, objek penelitian diambil dari peserta didik kelas 2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan metode bermain Crozzword Puzzle dapat membantu peserta didik bergerak aktif, berkomunikasi, dan aktif bertanya dengan cara yang menyenangkan. Selain itu juga peserta didik dapat menambah pengetahuan dan juga daya ingatan pengetahuannya, sehingga sepenuhnya guru tidak menjadi pusat pembelajaran. Meskipun demikian terdapat pula kekurangan. Simpulan dari tulisan ini adalah Crossword Puzzle sebagai media pembelajaran fiqih dapat meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa, memfasilitasi pemahaman konsep-konsep fiqih, dan menciptakan suasana pembelajaran yang menyenangkan.</p>
ANÁLISE DO PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO POR PACIENTES INTERNADOS COM INFARTO AGUDO DO MIOCÁRDIO
Authors: Costa Maiane Damasceno , Costa Maira Damasceno , Martins Erica Peisino Pires , Nascimento Alanna Maiara Cavalcante Almeida , Santos Wanderson Paiva dos , Lima Wendryus William De , Silva Esther Suellem Rocha , Vieira Taise Miguel , Ignácio Sara Carvalho , Santos Clifferson Araujo dos , Paixão Alvaro Vieira Aciole , Ericeira Maria da Silva 
Published: April 2024

O presente estudo tem como principal objetivo analisar os dados obtidos por meio da análise epidemiológica de pacientes internados com Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio, em todas as regiões do Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, de caráter descritivo com informações obtidas por meio do Sistema de Internações Hospitalares pelo Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), analisando o perfil dos paciente internados com Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio,no Brasil em um recorte temporal de 2017 a 2023, filtrado pela Classificação Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados à Saúde (CID-10), o código utilizado foi Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio (IAM). Os critérios avaliados foram: etnia/raça, regiões, faixa etária, caráter de atendimento e o período.Foram analisados dados de pacientes internados com infarto agudo do miocárdio onde teve um quantitativo de 1.090.527 internações entre 2016 e 2024. A região Sudeste lidera em números de internações com 534.174 internações, seguido por individuos de sexo masculino 693.461 internações, com maior prevalência da etnia branca entre individuos de 60 a 69 anos. Sendo assim , o estudo contribui de forma significativa para construção de novos dados e pesquisas futuras, ressaltando possíveis formas de rastreamento e prevenção impactando diretamente em gastos exércitos pelos Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).
La Motivación al Estudio y el Desempeño Académico de Estudiantes de Bachillerato
Authors: Triviño Lino Rosa Liseth , Zambrano De La Torre Roberth William 
Published: April 2024

La motivación es un factor esencial en todas las situaciones de la vida cotidiana donde tiene gran importancia. Por tanto, se realizó un estudio en la Unidad Educativa "Eloy Velázquez Cevallos" estudiantes, este estudio descriptivo utilizó métodos cuantitativos y tuvo como objetivo determinar las relaciones y atributos del desempeño y la motivación de los estudiantes de bachillerato. Las investigaciones muestran que los estudiantes tienen una mayor motivación por el logro; no tiene nada que ver con el promedio de calificaciones. Aunque se logró evidenciar que los docentes carecen de una evaluación periódica del rendimiento académico de los estudiantes, lo que puede tener un impacto negativo en su aprendizaje y progreso estudiantil. De modo que, la motivación permite adquirir transferir conocimientos; esta orienta el esfuerzo y la dedicación de los estudiantes en la educación superior; De ello depende el interés el crecimiento personal del alumno.
Clinical analysis of multiple primary gastrointestinal malignant tumors: A 10-year case review of a single-center
Authors: Zhu Cheng-Lou , Peng Ling-Zhi 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Multiple primary malignant tumors (MPMTs) was first described by Billroth as early as 1889, with the first report published by Warren and Gates in 1932. Since then, numerous cases have been reported. A literature review of 1104269 patients with cancer revealed that the incidence of MPMTs ranged from 0.73 to 11.7%. In recent years, however, there has been a significant upward trend in the incidence of this phenomenon, which may be associated with many different factors, including the advancement of modern diagnostic procedures facilitating the examination and diagnosis of more MPMTs, increased exposure to chemotherapy and radiotherapy that exacerbate the risk of new malignant tumors in patients with cancer, and prolonged survival of patients with cancer allowing sufficient time for the development of new primary cancers.
AIM
To analyze the incidence, clinical features, treatment factors, prevalence, and prognosis of patients with MPMTs in the gastrointestinal tract treated in a single center. Additionally, we analyzed the different tumor combinations, time interval between the occurrence of tumors, and staging.
METHODS
This retrospective cohort study analyzed 8059 patients with pathologically confirmed gastrointestinal malignant tumors treated at the Gansu Province Hospital in Lanzhou, Gansu, China between June 2011 and June 2020. Of these, 85 patients had MPMTs. The clinical features, treatment factors, prevalence, and prognosis of this latter cohort were analyzed.
RESULTS
The incidence of MPMTs in patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumors was 1.05% (85/8059), including 83 double primary malignant tumors and two triple primary malignant tumors of which 57 (67.06%) were synchronous MPMTs (SMPMTs) and 28 (32.94%) were metachronous MPMTs (MMPMTs). The most frequent associations were found between the rectum colon cancers within the SMPMT category and the gastric-colon cancers within the MMPMT category. For the MMPMTs, the median interval was 53 months. The overall 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates from diagnosis of the first primary cancer were 91.36%, 65.41%, and 45.97%, respectively; those from diagnosis of the second primary cancer were 67.90%, 29.90%, and 17.37%, respectively.
CONCLUSION
MPMTs in the gastrointestinal tract have a high incidence and poor prognosis. Thus, it is necessary to perform both gastroscopy and colonoscopy in patients with gastrointestinal tumors. Multidisciplinary comprehensive diagnosis and treatment may improve the diagnosis rate and treatment efficiency of MPMTs.
Causal roles of gut microbiota in cholangiocarcinoma etiology suggested by genetic study
Authors: Chen Zhi-Tao , Ding Chen-Chen , Chen Kai-Lei , Gu Yang-Jun , Lu Chi-Cheng , Li Qi-Yong 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly malignant biliary tract cancer with poor prognosis. Previous studies have implicated the gut microbiota in CCA, but evidence for causal mechanisms is lacking.
AIM
To investigate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and CCA risk.
METHODS
We performed a two-sample mendelian randomization study to evaluate potential causal associations between gut microbiota and CCA risk using genome-wide association study summary statistics for 196 gut microbial taxa and CCA. Genetic variants were used as instrumental variables. Multiple sensitivity analyses assessed result robustness.
RESULTS
Fifteen gut microbial taxa showed significant causal associations with CCA risk. Higher genetically predicted abundance of genus Eubacteriumnodatum group , genus Ruminococcustorques group , genus Coprococcus , genus Dorea , and phylum Actinobacteria were associated with reduced risk of gallbladder cancer and extrahepatic CCA. Increased intrahepatic CCA risk was associated with higher abundance of family Veillonellaceae , genus Alistipes , order Enterobacteriales , and phylum Firmicutes. Protective effects against CCA were suggested for genus Collinsella , genus Eisenbergiella , genus Anaerostipes , genus Paraprevotella , genus Parasutterella , and phylum Verrucomicrobia. Sensitivity analyses indicated these findings were reliable without pleiotropy.
CONCLUSION
This pioneering study provides novel evidence that specific gut microbiota may play causal roles in CCA risk. Further experimental validation of these candidate microbes is warranted to consolidate causality and mechanisms.
NOX4 promotes tumor progression through the MAPK-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 axis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Xu Yu-Jie , Huo Ya-Chang , Zhao Qi-Tai , Liu Jin-Yan , Tian Yi-Jun , Yang Lei-Lei , Zhang Yi 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Metabolic reprogramming plays a key role in cancer progression and clinical outcomes; however, the patterns and primary regulators of metabolic reprogramming in colorectal cancer (CRC) are not well understood.
AIM
To explore the role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4) in promoting progression of CRC.
METHODS
We evaluated the expression and function of dysregulated and survival-related metabolic genes using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Consensus clustering was used to cluster CRC based on dysregulated metabolic genes. A prediction model was constructed based on survival-related metabolic genes. Sphere formation, migration, invasion, proliferation, apoptosis and clone formation was used to evaluate the biological function of NOX4 in CRC. mRNA sequencing was utilized to explore the alterations of gene expression NOX4 over-expression tumor cells. In vivo subcutaneous and lung metastasis mouse tumor model was used to explore the effect of NOX4 on tumor growth.
RESULTS
We comprehensively analyzed 3341 metabolic genes in CRC and identified three clusters based on dysregulated metabolic genes. Among these genes, NOX4 was highly expressed in tumor tissues and correlated with worse survival. In vitro , NOX4 overexpression induced clone formation, migration, invasion, and stemness in CRC cells. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that NOX4 overexpression activated the mitogen-activated protein kinase-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Trametinib, a MEK1/2 inhibitor, abolished the NOX4-mediated tumor progression. In vivo , NOX4 overexpression promoted subcutaneous tumor growth and lung metastasis, whereas trametinib treatment can reversed the metastasis.
CONCLUSION
Our study comprehensively analyzed metabolic gene expression and highlighted the importance of NOX4 in promoting CRC metastasis, suggesting that trametinib could be a potential therapeutic drugs of CRC clinical therapy targeting NOX4.
Effectiveness and tolerability of programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy compared to chemotherapy for upper gastrointestinal tract cancers
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Min , Yang Ting , Xu Ying-Ying , Li Bao-Zhong , Shen Wei , Hu Wen-Qing , Yan Cai-Wen , Zong Liang 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
The combination of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor and chemotherapy is approved as a standard first- or second-line treatment in patients with advanced oesophageal or gastric cancer. However, it is unclear whether this combination is superior to chemotherapy alone.
AIM
To assess the comparative effectiveness and tolerability of combining PD-1 inhibitors with chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone in patients with advanced gastric cancer, gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer, or oesophageal carcinoma.
METHODS
We searched the PubMed and Embase databases for studies that compared the efficacy and tolerance of PD-1 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone in patients with advanced oesophageal or gastric cancer. We employed either random or fixed models to analyze the outcomes of each clinical trial, encompassing data on overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate, and adverse events (AEs).
RESULTS
Nine phase 3 clinical trials (7016 advanced oesophageal and gastric cancer patients) met the inclusion criteria. Our meta-analysis demonstrated that the pooled PD-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy group had a significantly longer OS than the chemotherapy-alone group [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.76, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.71-0.81]; the pooled PFS result was consistent with that of OS (HR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.61-0.74). The count of patients achieving an objective response in the PD-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy group surpassed that of the chemotherapy-alone group [odds ratio (OR) = 1.86, 95%CI: 1.59-2.18]. AE incidence was also higher in the combination-therapy group than in the chemotherapy-alone group, regardless of whether ≥ grade 3 only (OR = 1.30, 95%CI: 1.07-1.57) or all AE grades (OR = 1.88, 95%CI: 1.39-2.54) were examined. We performed a subgroup analysis based on the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) combined positive score (CPS) and noted extended OS and PFS durations within the CPS ≥ 1, CPS ≥ 5, and CPS ≥ 10 subgroups of the PD-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy group.
CONCLUSION
In contrast to chemotherapy alone, the combination of PD-1 inhibitor and chemotherapy appears to present a more favorable option for initial or subsequent treatment in patients with gastric cancer, GEJ tumor, or oesophageal cancer. This holds true particularly for individuals with PD-L1 CPS scores of ≥ 5 and ≥ 10.
Comparison of Transfer Pricing methods and their application in disputed tax cases in Indonesian courts
Authors: Besdy Besdy , Pony Pony , Abraham Abraham , Sitompul Ariman 
Published: April 2024

Transfer pricing is a trending topic of taxation in various worlds, not least in Indonesia. Directorate General of Taxation is very aggressive to supervise and monitor the practices of transfer pricing conducted by the taxpayer, because it is not just a case of fictitious tax refunds and tax realtor practices that erode the potential for state revenue from taxes, but the practice of tax evasion in the process transfer pricing is also considered a lot of harm to tax revenue. Transfer pricing practice is actually a common practice and commonly practiced by companies group companies. However, this can be a crucial issue when setting transfer prices is not in accordance with the principle of fairness and business prevalence (PKKU / arm's length principle) which regulated in the Indonesian transfer pricing regulations.. The taxpayer is given the freedom to use their own discretion in deciding the most appropriate method of measuring the transfer price. However, this leads to inconsistencies in the methods applied to arm's length transactions similar by entities from similar industries. Loopholes in this area are vulnerable to tax evasion practices since decades ago. This paper aims to compare the available methods for measurement transfer pricing.
El carácter revisor de la jurisdicción contencioso-administrativa y el control de los actos dictados en ejercicio de potestades discrecionales
Authors: Cudero Blas Jesús 
Published: April 2024

SUMARIO: I. INTRODUCCIÓN II. EL CARÁCTER REVISOR TRAS LA CONSTITUCIÓN III. ESPECIAL REFERENCIA A LA PRUEBA IV. EL CONTROL DE LA DISCRECIONALIDAD V. LA SENTENCIA DEL TRIBUNAL SUPREMO DE 16 DE DICIEMBRE DE 2014 (RECURSO 3157/2013): LA IDONEIDAD DE LA PRUEBA PERICIAL.
Шляхи реалізації перманентного моніторингу та корекції критеріїв професійного психофізіологічного відбору
Authors: Kalnysh V. V. 
Published: April 2024

Вступ. Сучасний стан розвитку професійного психофізіологічного відбору виявив цілий ряд проблем, які потребують негайного вирішення для покращення якості та організації процедури здійснюваної селекції військових, працюючих в умовах з підвищеною небезпекою.
Мета дослідження - окреслити та обґрунтувати шляхи реалізації періодичної корекції критеріїв професійного психофізіологічного відбору.
Методи та обсяг досліджень. Для виявлення особливостей зміни психофізіологічних реакцій військових вертолітників з урахуванням стану їх здоров’я з різним ступенем накопиченої втоми (дослідження проводили з особами, з відомими даними щодо кількості діб роботи після відпустки). Було відібрано 573 практично здорових військових вертолітників в період проходження ними стаціонарної лікарсько-льотної експертизи на базі Військово-медичного клінічного центру Центрального регіону.
Результати досліджень. Проведена класифікація основних факторів трудового середовища, які сприяють розвитку надмірного стресу у військовослужбовців. Виділено та уточнено комплекс технічних, організаційних та людинозалежних факторів. Показано, що діючі фактори трудового середовища постійно змінюють свій склад та рівень впливу на організм людини з урахуванням об’єктивного існування множинності психофізіологічних профілів професійної придатності військовослужбовців. Цей факт є приводом до здійснення періодичного коректування критеріїв професійної придатності працюючих фахівців за усталеним комплексом психофізіологічних предикторів. На основі існуючої концепції організації державного управління запропонована схема організації професійного відбору.
Висновки. Встановлені типи факторів трудового середовища, що впливають на рівень професійної придатності осіб, працюючих в умовах з підвищеною небезпекою. Виявлено три кластери, що охоплюють технічні, організаційні та людинозалежні фактори трудового середовища. Обґрунтовано необхідність періодичної корекції рівнів комплексу психофізіологічних якостей, що є предикторами професійної придатності фахівців, працюючих в умовах з підвищеною небезпекою. Сформульоване положення щодо усталеності і універсальності комплексу психофізіологічних предикторів для осіб, що працюють в умовах з підвищеною небезпекою. Показано наявність множинності структури психофізіологічних профілів фахівців, успішно працюючих в одній професії. Запропоновано схему організації адміністрування системи визначення та періодичного уточнення професійної придатності фахівців.
Disseminated HIV-associated venous thrombosis (a case report)
Authors: Guseva S. A. , Goncharov Ya. P. , Bilous N. I. , Tretiakov V. V. , Savichan K. V. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction. In 1983, Robert Gallo (USA) and Luc Montagnier (France) discovered the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Today, about 39 million people are living with HIV worldwide. Thanks to antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV has become a manageable chronic condition for most patients. However, the number of associated complications, including cardiovascular disease and thrombosis, is increasing. HIV-associated venous thrombosis, such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, requires attention and research due to their serious consequences.
The purpose was to summarize, analyze, and demonstrate the clinical sequence, diagnostic difficulties and treatment of a rare case of disseminated venous thrombosis in the setting of HIV infection.
Materials and methods. Periodical medical publications, patient records, and materials of scientific and practical conferences were used. Research methods: historical, bibliographic, systematic approach, analytical, generalization.
Results. The article analyses in detail the data on a severe complication of HIV infection - disseminated venous thrombosis. To establish the final diagnosis, differential diagnosis with infectious, rheumatological, and myeloproliferative diseases was performed. As a result of the differential diagnosis, a multidisciplinary team of doctors established homozygous carriage of the MTHFR 1298 gene, which determines an increased risk of thrombosis. The addition of HIV infection could be a trigger for the development of severe thrombosis with impaired internal organ function.
Conclusions. All countries of the world continue to face the problem of HIV infection, which requires constant detection among the population, including military personnel. In the case of thrombosis under consideration, both HIV infection itself (reduced CD4 T-cell counts, late HIV detection) and genetic factors could be the cause. The patient's multidisciplinary management proved to be effective, which allowed him to achieve a positive result, and his fight against the disease will continue.