bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 26-year-old man with multiple organ failure caused by Aeromonas dhakensis infection: a case report and literature review
Authors: Luo Dan , Dai Liwan 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundInfections in humans are mainly caused by Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae, and Aeromonas veronii. In recent years, Aeromonas dhakensis has been recognized as widely distributed in the environment, with strong virulence. However, this bacterial infection usually does not appear in patients with pneumonia as the first symptom.Case reportWe report a 26-year-old man who was admitted to the hospital with community-acquired pneumonia as the first symptom and developed serious conditions such as hemolytic uremic syndrome, multiple organ dysfunction, and hemorrhagic shock within a short period. He died after 13 h of admission, and the subsequent metagenomic-next generation sequencing test confirmed the finally identified pathogen of infection as A. dhakensis.ConclusionAeromonas is a rare pathogen identified in the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia. Hence, doctors need to develop their experience in identifying the difference between infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms. Medical attention is essential during the occurrence of respiratory symptoms that could be controlled by empirical drugs, such as cephalosporins or quinolones. When patients with community-acquired pneumonia present hemoptysis and multiple organ dysfunction in clinical treatment, an unusual pathogen infection should be considered, and the underlying etiology should be clarified at the earliest for timely treatment.
Magnitude and associated factors of intraoperative cardiac complications among geriatric patients who undergo non-cardiac surgery at public hospitals in the southern region of Ethiopia: a multi-center cross-sectional study in 2022/2023
Authors: Abdulmelik Amina , Tila Mebratu , Tekilu Takele , Debalkie Ashebir , Habtu Elias , Sintayehu Ashagrie , Dendir Getahun , Gordie Naol , Daniel Abel , Suleiman Obsa Mohammed 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundIntraoperative cardiac complications are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in non-cardiac surgery. The risk of these complications increased with the average age increasing from 65. In a resource-limited setting, including our study area, the magnitude and associated factors of intraoperative cardiac complications have not been adequately investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and associated factors of intraoperative cardiac complications among geriatric patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.MethodsAn institutional-based multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted on 304 geriatric patients at governmental hospitals in the southern region of Ethiopia, from 20 March 2022 to 25 August 2022. Data were collected by chart review and patient interviews. Epi Data version 4.6 and SPSS version 25 were used for analysis. The variables that had association (p &lt; 0.25) were considered for multivariable logistic regression. A p value &lt; 0.05 was considered significant for association.ResultThe overall prevalence of intraoperative cardiac complications was 24.3%. Preoperative ST-segment elevation adjusted odds ratio (AOR = 2.43, CI =2.06–3.67), history of hypertension (AOR = 3.42, CI =2.02–6.08), intraoperative hypoxia (AOR = 3.5, CI = 2.07–6.23), intraoperative hypotension (AOR = 6.2 9, CI =3.51–10.94), age &gt; 85 years (AOR = 6.01, CI = 5.12–12.21), and anesthesia time &gt; 3 h (AOR =2.27, CI = 2.0.2–18.25) were factors significantly associated with intraoperative cardiac complications.ConclusionThe magnitude of intraoperative cardiac complications was high among geriatric patients who had undergone non-cardiac surgery. The independent risk factors of intraoperative cardiac complications for this population included age &gt; 85, ST-segment elevation, perioperative hypertension (stage 3 with regular treatment), duration of anesthesia &gt;3 h, intraoperative hypoxia, and intraoperative hypotension. Holistic preoperative evaluation, optimization optimal and perioperative care for preventing perioperative risk factors listed above, and knowing all possible risk factors are suggested to reduce the occurrence of complications.
Mechanistic insights into the early life stage microbiota of silver pompano (Trachinotus blochii)
Authors: Sumithra T. G. , Sharma S. R. Krupesha , Suresh Gayathri , Gop Ambarish P. , Surya S. , Gomathi P. , Anil M. K. , Sajina K. A. , Reshma K. J. , Ebeneezar Sanal , Narasimapallavan Iyyapparaja , Gopalakrishnan A. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionDeep investigations of host-associated microbiota can illuminate microbe-based solutions to improve production in an unprecedented manner. The poor larval survival represents the critical bottleneck in sustainable marine aquaculture practices. However, little is known about the microbiota profiles and their governing eco-evolutionary processes of the early life stages of marine teleost, impeding the development of suitable beneficial microbial management strategies. The study provides first-hand mechanistic insights into microbiota and its governing eco-evolutionary processes in early life stages of a tropical marine teleost model, Trachinotus blochii.MethodsThe microbiota profiles and their dynamics from the first day of hatching till the end of metamorphosis and that of fingerling’s gut during the routine hatchery production were studied using 16S rRNA amplicon-based high-throughput sequencing. Further, the relative contributions of various external factors (rearing water, live feed, microalgae, and formulated feed) to the microbiota profiles at different ontogenies was also analyzed.ResultsA less diverse but abundant core microbial community (~58% and 54% in the whole microbiota and gut microbiota, respectively) was observed throughout the early life stages, supporting ‘core microbiota’ hypothesis. Surprisingly, there were two well-differentiated clusters in the whole microbiota profiles, ≤10 DPH (days post-hatching) and &gt; 10 DPH samples. The levels of microbial taxonomic signatures of stress indicated increased stress in the early stages, a possible explanation for increased mortality during early life stages. Further, the results suggested an adaptive mechanism for establishing beneficial strains along the ontogenetic progression. Moreover, the highly transient microbiota in the early life stages became stable along the ontogenetic progression, hypothesizing that the earlier life stages will be the best window to influence the microbiota. The egg microbiota also crucially affected the microbial community. Noteworthily, both water and the feed microbiota significantly contributed to the early microbiota, with the feed microbiota having a more significant contribution to fish microbiota. The results illustrated that rotifer enrichment would be the optimal medium for the early larval microbiota manipulations.ConclusionThe present study highlighted the crucial foundations for the microbial ecology of T. blochii during early life stages with implications to develop suitable beneficial microbial management strategies for sustainable mariculture production.
Association between the blood urea nitrogen-to-creatinine ratio and 3-month outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a secondary analysis based on a prospective cohort study
Authors: Liu Hongjuan , Chen Yongjun , Zhou Quan , Guo Guixiang , Hu Bohong , Wan Fangchao , Wen Jun 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThis study aimed to assess the correlation between the blood urea nitrogen (BUN)-to-creatinine (BUN/Cr) ratio and adverse outcomes (AOs) at 3 months in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in the Korean population.MethodsThis cohort study encompassed 1906 cases of AIS at a South Korean hospital from January 2010 to December 2016. To determine the linear correlation between the BUN/Cr ratio and AOs in AIS, a binary logistic regression model (BLRM) was employed. Additionally, generalized additive models and techniques for smooth curve fitting were utilized to reveal the nonlinear dynamics between the BUN/Cr ratio and AOs in patients with AIS.ResultsThe prevalence of AOs was 28.65%, with a median BUN/Cr ratio of 18.96. Following adjustments for covariates, the BLRM disclosed that the association between the BUN/Cr ratio and the risk of AOs in patients with AIS did not attain statistical significance. Nevertheless, a nonlinear relationship surfaced, pinpointing an inflection point at 21.591. To the left of this inflection point, a 31.42% reduction in the risk of AOs was noted for every 1-unit surge in the Z score of the BUN/Cr ratio [odds ratio (OR) = 0.686, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.519, 0.906, p = 0.008]. On the right side of the inflection point, the effect size (OR = 1.405, 95% CI: 1.018, 1.902, p = 0.039) was determined.ConclusionThe findings of this study underscore the intricate nature of the relationship between the BUN/Cr ratio and 3-month outcomes in patients with AIS, establishing a robust groundwork for future investigations.
Associations of healthy eating index-2015 with osteoporosis and low bone mass density in postmenopausal women: a population-based study from NHANES 2007–2018
Authors: Wang Kai , Wu Jinyi , Deng Minggang , Tao Fengxi , Li Qingwen , Luo Xin , Xia Fang 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThe current study aimed to explore the associations of diet quality assessed by healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) with risks of osteoporosis and low bone mineral density (BMD) among American postmenopausal women aged 50 years and older.MethodsPostmenopausal women aged 50 years and older in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 through 2018 were included in the final sample. Analysis of variance and Rao-Scott adjusted chi-square tests were used to compare the characteristics across tertiles of HEI-2015. Univariate and multivariate weighted logistic regression models were employed to explore the associations of HEI-2015 tertiles and continuous HEI-2015 with the risks of osteoporosis and low BMD. Nonlinear dose-response associations were evaluated using weighted restricted cubic spline analyses, and the contributions of various HEI-2015 components were assessed using weighted quantile sum regression models.ResultsThe final sample included 3,421 postmenopausal women aged 50 years and older representative for approximately 28.38 million non-institutionalized U.S. postmenopausal women. Osteoporosis prevalence decreased with HEI-2015 tertiles while the prevalence of low BMD showed no significant decrease. Compared with postmenopausal women in the first tertile of HEI-2015, those with the second (OR: 0.57, 95%CI: 0.38–0.84) and third (OR: 0.48, 95%CI: 0.29–0.78) HEI-2015 tertiles were associated with reduced osteoporosis risk after multivariate adjustments, but no significant association of HEI-2015 with the risk of BMD was identified. Furthermore, similar effects were confirmed in the sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses and interaction effects. Moreover, significant nonlinear associations were observed between HEI-2015 with osteoporosis risk, and total vegetables, refined grains and greens and beans demonstrated the strongest protective effect among HEI-2015 components against osteoporosis.ConclusionsThis study strongly suggests the significant negative associations of HEI-2015 with osteoporosis risk in American postmenopausal women. These findings highlight the importance of adherence to the dietary guidelines for Americans in reducing the risk of osteoporosis.
Perinatal optimisation for periviable birth and outcomes: a 4-year network analysis (2018–2021) across a change in national guidance
Authors: Peterson J. , Smith D. M. , Johnstone E. D. , Mahaveer A. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe British Association of Perinatal Medicine (BAPM) released their revised framework for extremely preterm infant management in 2019. This revised framework promotes consideration of perinatal optimisation and survival-focused care from 22 weeks gestation onwards. This was a departure from the previous BAPM framework which recommended comfort care as the only recommended management for infants &lt;23 + 0 weeks.MethodsOur study evaluates the clinical impact that this updated framework has had across the Northwest of England. We utilised anonymised network data from periviable infants delivered across the region to examine changes in perinatal optimisation practices and survival outcomes following the release of the latest BAPM framework.ResultsOur data show that after the introduction of the updated framework there has been an increase in perinatal optimisation practices for periviable infants and an 80% increase in the number of infants born at 22 weeks receiving survival-focused care and admission to a neonatal unit.DiscussionThere remain significant discrepancies in optimisation practices by gestational age, which may be contributing to the static survival rates that were observed in the lowest gestational ages.
Developing practical recommendations for drug-disease interactions in patients with hypertension
Authors: Özokcu Kübra , Diesveld Maaike M. E. , Gipmans Suzan G. H. , Peeters Laura E. J. , van den Born Bert-Jan , Borgsteede Sander D. 
Published: April 2024

Background:Hypertension, a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, demands proactive management as cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide. Reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels below recommended reference values of &lt;140/90 mmHg can lead to a significant reduction of the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality. However, treatment of hypertension can be difficult and the presence of comorbidities could further complicate this treatment. Drugs used to manage these comorbidities may inadvertently have an impact on blood pressure, resulting in a phenomenon known as drug-disease interaction. This study aims to assess the safety of medication that can affect blood pressure in patients with hypertension and provide practical recommendations for healthcare professionals.Methods:For the development of recommendations for the drug-disease interaction (DDSI) hypertension, a six-step plan that combined literature selection and multidisciplinary expert opinion was used. The process involved (1) defining the scope of the DDSI and selecting relevant drugs, (2) collecting evidence, (3) data-extraction, (4) reaching of expert consensus, (5) publication and implementation of the recommendations in healthcare systems and (6) updating the information.Results:An increase of 10 mmHg in systolic blood pressure and 5 mmHg in diastolic blood pressure was defined as clinically relevant. Corticosteroids, danazol, and yohimbine caused a clinically relevant DDSI with hypertension. Several other drugs with warnings for hypertension in the official product information were assessed to have no clinically relevant DDSI due to minor influence or lack of data on blood pressure. Drugs with evidence for a relevant change in blood pressure which are prescribed under close monitoring of blood pressure according to clinical guidelines, were deemed to be not clinically relevant for signalling.Conclusion:This study provides specific recommendations that can be implemented directly in clinical practice, for example, in clinical decision support systems, potentially resulting in safer drug use in patients with hypertension and better healthcare by reducing alert fatigue. Future research should focus on evaluating the effectiveness of implementation strategies and their impact on reducing unsafe use of medication in patients with hypertension.
Oxytocin infusion dose-response to maintain uterine tone in obese elective cesarean patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yan Qin-Fang , Ai Ling , Huang Yi-Min , Wang Jianguo , Xiao Fei , Xu Huiqin , Tang Xue-Dong 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundFor cesarean delivery (CD), the 90% effective dosage (ED90) of oxytocin for a first bolus has been established. It is not yet known how much oxytocin to inject into obese women undergoing elective discectomy to keep their uterine tone (UT) appropriate. We hypothesized that patients who are overweight need a greater dose of oxytocin infusion; thus, we aimed to determine how the dose-response curve for oxytocin infusion changes following an initial 1 international unit (IU) bolus in obese women undergoing elective CD.MethodsOne hundred parturients with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 kg/m2 were randomly assigned to receive an infusion rate of 14, 18, 22, or 26 IU/h of oxytocin. When the uterine palpation is as hard as touching the forehead or tip of the nose, it is considered sufficient UT according to the criteria used by obstetricians. The median effective dose (ED50) and ED90 values were determined using probit analysis.ResultsWe found the ED50 and ED90 values for the infusion dose of oxytocin were around 11.0 IU/h and 19.1 IU/h, respectively. Each group had a different number of parturients who needed rescued oxytocin: 14 IU/h for six, 18 IU/h for three, one for 22 IU/h, and none for 26 IU/h. The correlation between the frequency of rescued oxytocin administration and the amount of oxytocin infusion needed to avoid uterine atony was statistically significant (p = 0.02).ConclusionThe present research showed that the most effective dosage of oxytocin infusion for obese parturients undergoing elective CD is 19.1 IU/h, following an initial loading dose of 1 IU. Patients with obesity should receive a greater dosage of prophylactic oxytocin, and further studies comparing patients with and without obesity (with higher BMI) are required.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=159951, identifier ChiCTR2200059582.
Investigation of the shared biological mechanisms and common biomarker APTAF1 of sleep deprivation and mild cognitive impairment using integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Liu Xiaolan , Lu Baili , Huang Hui 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The relationship between sleep loss and cognitive impairment has long been widely recognized, but there is still a lack of complete understanding of the underlying mechanisms and potential biomarkers. The purpose of this study is to further explore the shared biological mechanisms and common biomarkers between sleep loss and cognitive impairment.Methods: The mitochondria-related genes and gene expression data were downloaded from the MitoCarta3.0 and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. We identified the differentially expressed mitochondrial-related genes by combing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in sleep deprivation (SD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) datasets with mitochondria-related gene lists. Shared DEGs were then further analyzed for enrichment analysis. Next, the common biomarker was identified using two machine learning techniques and further validated using two independent GEO datasets. Then GSEA and GSVA were conducted to analyze the functional categories and pathways enriched for the common biomarker. Finally, immune infiltration analysis was used to investigate the correlation of immune cell infiltration with the common biomarker in SD and MCI.Results: A total of 32 mitochondrial-related differentially expressed genes were identified in SD and MCI. GO analysis indicated that these genes were significantly enriched for mitochondrial transport, and KEGG analysis showed they were mainly involved in pathways of neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, ATPAF1, which was significantly down-regulated in both SD and MCI, was identified through machine learning algorithms as the common biomarker with favorable diagnostic performance. GSEA and GSVA revealed that ATPAF1 was mainly involved in metabolic pathways, such as oxidative phosphorylation, acetylcholine metabolic process, valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation. Immune infiltration analysis showed that the expression of ATPAF1 was correlated with changes in immune cells, especially those key immune cell types associated with SD and MCI.Discussion: This study firstly revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction may be the common pathogenesis of sleep loss and mild cognitive impairment and identified ATPAF1 as a possible biomarker and therapeutic target involved in SD and MCI.
Evaluating complete response prediction rates in locally advanced rectal cancer with different radiomics segmentation approaches
Authors: Kaval Gizem , Dagoglu Kartal Merve Gulbiz , Azamat Sena , Cingoz Eda , Ertas Gokhan , Karaman Sule , Kurtuldu Basak , Keskin Metin , Berker Neslihan , Karabulut Senem , Oral Ethem Nezih , Dagoglu Sakin Nergiz 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:Studies examining prediction of complete response (CR) in locally advanced rectum cancer (LARC) from pre/post chemoradiotherapy (CRT) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are performed mostly with segmentations of the tumor, whereas only in two studies segmentation included tumor and mesorectum. Additionally, pelvic extramesorectal region, which is included in the clinical target volume (CTV) of radiotherapy, may contain information. Therefore, we aimed to compare predictive rates of radiomics analysis with features extracted from segmentations of tumor, tumor+mesorectum, and CTV.Methods and materials:Ninety-three LARC patients who underwent CRT in our institution between 2012 and 2019 were retrospectively scanned. Patients were divided into CR and non-CR groups. Tumor, tumor+mesorectum and CTV were segmented on T2 preCRT MRI images. Extracted features were compared for best area under the curve (AUC) of CR prediction with 15 machine-learning models.Results:CR was observed in 25 patients (26.8%), of whom 13 had pathological, and 12 had clinical complete response. For tumor, tumor+mesorectum and CTV segmentations, the best AUC were 0.84, 0.81, 0.77 in the training set and 0.85, 0.83 and 0.72 in the test set, respectively; sensitivity and specificity for the test set were 76%, 90%, 76% and 71%, 67% and 62%, respectively.Conclusion:Although the highest AUC result is obtained from the tumor segmentation, the highest accuracy and sensitivity are detected with tumor+mesorectum segmentation and these findings align with previous studies, suggesting that the mesorectum contains valuable insights for CR. The lowest result is obtained with CTV segmentation. More studies with mesorectum and pelvic nodal regions included in segmentation are needed.
Etching selectivity of SiO2 to SiN using HF and methanol at higher pressures up to 900 Pa
Authors: Hattori T. , Kobayashi H. , Ohtake H. , Akinaga K. , Kurosaki Y. , Takei A. , Sekiguchi A. , Maeda K. , Takubo C. , Yamada M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Isotropic gas-phase etching of SiO2 was examined using HF and methanol vapor while changing the pressure from 300 to 900 Pa. The temperature dependence of the etching rate of SiO2 showed a broad maximum around –30 °C, and the rate increased with increasing pressure. The etching rate of plasma-enhanced CVD (PE-CVD) SiO2 was more than 60 nm min−1 at 900 Pa and –30 °C. When the pressure was increased from 300 to 900 Pa, the temperature range that indicates SiO2 etching was shifted to a higher temperature. The etching of SiO2, which did not proceed at 300 Pa, was found to proceed even at 0 °C at 900 Pa. The etching rate of PE-CVD SiN was also found to increase slightly with pressure. At the higher pressure of 900 Pa, the formation of ammonium hexafluorosilicate, which is a by-product of SiN, was found to increase. As a result, a high selectivity of more than 20 was obtained at a lower pressure of less than 600 Pa and a lower temperature of less than –40 °C.