bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Editorial: Cryst. Res. Technol. 1/2007
Authors: Neumann W. , Benz K.‐W. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe beginning of a new year is traditionally a time for both looking back on the highlights of the previous year and for getting ready to start into the year to come.The last year was remarkable with respect to two events. First, our journal celebrated its 40th anniversary. The journal was founded as “Kristall und Technik ” by Professors Will Kleber and Hermann Neels in 1966. The content of the first issue of “Kristall und Technik” (subtitle: Zeitschrift für experimentelle und technische Kristallographie) consisted of 19 original papers, where 18 of them were written in German and 1 in Russian, and 1 short note. Nowadays, “Crystal Research and Technology” is a fully international journal where all contributions are published in English. Moreover, papers ever published in “Crystal Research and Technology” are now available online.Second, the crystallographic community celebrated the 100th anniversary of Will Kleber, one of the founders of Crystal Research and Technology. This event was appreciated by a colloquium on December 15, 2006. A brief report about its topics will be given in a forthcoming issue.The highlight of the year 2007 is certainly the 200th anniversary of the foundation of the Wiley Publishing House and its successful service to a broad scientific community. The motto of Wiley “1807 – 2007 Knowledge for Generations” is also guideline for our engagement in the broad field of theoretical and experimental crystallography. The readers can be sure that we will strive to serve best the crystallographic community in this sense. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Structural and magnetic studies of Mn‐doped ZnO
Authors: Sharma V. K. , Xalxo R. , Varma G. D. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe bulk samples of Mn‐doped ZnO were synthesized with the nominal compositions Zn1‐xMnxO (x = 0.02, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15) by the solid‐state reaction and sol‐gel methods. In both the methods the samples were finally sintered at ∼700 °C in air. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies of the samples synthesized by the solid‐state reaction method exhibit the presence of wurtzite (hexagonal) crystal structure similar to the parent compound (ZnO) in all the samples, suggesting that doped Mn ions sit at the regular Zn sites. However, same studies spread over the samples with Mn content ≥5% and synthesized by the sol‐gel method reveal the occurrence of some secondary phase in addition to the majority wurtzite phase. The magnetic measurements by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) clearly indicate ferromagnetic interaction at room temperature in all the samples. The Curie temperatures (Tc) and magnetization vary with concentration of Mn ions in the samples. However, the samples synthesized by sol‐gel method were found to have lower Tc values and also lower magnetization as compared to the corresponding samples synthesized by solid‐state reaction method. It could possibly be due to the presence of antiferromagnetic islands and smaller crystallite sizes in the samples prepared by sol‐gel method. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Anisotropy of the optical absorption in layered single crystals of MoRe0.001Se1.999
Authors: Vora Mihir M. , Vora Aditya M. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractEnergy gap of MoRe0.001Se1.999 single crystal has been determined by fundamental absorption methods. The incident light was polarized along c‐axis of the crystals. The interpretion of the data is given within frameworks of two and three dimensional models. Both direct and indirect transitions are involved in the absorption process. The indirect transition was found to be allowed with two phonons participating in the process. The three dimensional model could be used to describe the optical properties of the single crystal. The energy gaps depend upon the amount of the intercalating Re material, which show the anisotropy of the chemical bonds. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Crystal Structure of pyridinium isopolymolybdate (C5H6N)2n[Mo4O13]n
Authors: Michalec M. , Stadnicka K. , Hodorowicz S. A. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractSynthesis and crystal structure are described for pyridinium isopolymolybdate of chemical composition (C5H6N)2n[Mo4O13]n. The crystals are triclinic, space group P1, with the following unit‐cell parameters: a =8.2695(11) Å, b =10.544(4) Å, c =11.177(4) Å, α = 71.76(5)°, β = 89.68(3)°, γ = 78.79(3)°, V =906.4(4) Å3, Z = 2 (chemical formula (C5H6N)2[Mo4O13]), D calcd = 2.755 g·cm–3. Crystal structure was solved by Patterson methods and refined to a final R value 0.085 for 4045 independent reflections. The studied compound, considered in analogy to triclinic (NH4)2Mo4O13 as pyridinium polyoctamolybdate, is proposed to be better described as pyridinium isopolytetramolybdate (C5H6N)2n[Mo4O13]n. It seems that the proper coordination number of molybdenum (VI) ions is five, resulting in pyramidal coordination polyhedra [MoO5]. Coordination polyhedra joined by common edges form tetramolybdate monomeric unit [Mo4O13]. The mers are connected by oxygen bridges Mo ‐ O ‐ Mo into infinite ribbon chains. Each two infinite chains are hold together by weaker intermolecular interactions. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Neurite‐specific Ca2+ dynamics underlying sound processing in an auditory interneurone
Authors: Baden T. , Hedwig B. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractConcepts on neuronal signal processing and integration at a cellular and subcellular level are driven by recording techniques and model systems available. The cricket CNS with the omega‐1‐neurone (ON1) provides a model system for auditory pattern recognition and directional processing. Exploiting ON1's planar structure we simultaneously imaged free intracellular Ca2+ at both input and output neurites and recorded the membrane potential in vivo during acoustic stimulation. In response to a single sound pulse the rate of Ca2+ rise followed the onset spike rate of ON1, while the final Ca2+ level depended on the mean spike rate. Ca2+ rapidly increased in both dendritic and axonal arborizations and only gradually in the axon and the cell body. Ca2+ levels were particularly high at the spike‐generating zone. Through the activation of a Ca2+‐sensitive K+ current this may exhibit a specific control over the cell's electrical response properties. In all cellular compartments presentation of species‐specific calling song caused distinct oscillations of the Ca2+ level in the chirp rhythm, but not the faster syllable rhythm. The Ca2+‐mediated hyperpolarization of ON1 suppressed background spike activity between chirps, acting as a noise filter. During directional auditory processing, the functional interaction of Ca2+‐mediated inhibition and contralateral synaptic inhibition was demonstrated. Upon stimulation with different sound frequencies, the dendrites, but not the axonal arborizations, demonstrated a tonotopic response profile. This mirrored the dominance of the species‐specific carrier frequency and resulted in spatial filtering of high frequency auditory inputs. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 67: 68–80, 2007
Summary of ‘Antiemetics for reducing vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents’
Authors: Milne Andrea 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Alhashimi D, Alhashimi H, Fedorowicz Z. Antiemetics for reducing vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD005506. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005506.pub3.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Expert Commentary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Commentary on ‘Corticosteroid therapy for nephrotic syndrome in children’
Authors: Trompeter Richard S. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThis is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Hodson EM, Knight JF, Willis NS, Craig JC. Cortocosteroid therapy for nephrotic syndrome in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD001533. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001533.pub3.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Commentary on ‘Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical introduction of intracranial ventricular shunts’, with response from review author
Authors: Langley Joanne M. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThis is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Ratilal B, Costa J, Sampaio C. Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical introduction of intracranial ventricular shunts. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD005365. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005365.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characteristics and key findings for ‘Inhaled corticosteroids versus sodium cromoglycate in children and adults with asthma’
Authors: van Dalen Elvira C. , Martin Offringa , Kremer Leontien C. M. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThese are the characteristics and key findings for a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Guevara JP, Ducharme FM, Keren R, Nihtianova S, Zore J. Inhaled corticosteroids versus sodium cromoglycate in children and adults with asthma. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD003558. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003558.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary and Expert Commentary articles. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characteristics and key findings for ‘Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical introduction of intracranial ventricular shunts’
Authors: van Dalen Elvira C. , Offringa Martin , Kremer Leontien C. M. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThese are the characteristics and key findings for a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Ratilal B, Costa J, Sampaio C. Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical introduction of intracranial ventricular shunts. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD005365. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005365.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary and Expert Commentary articles. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Repeated measurement sampling in genetic association analysis with genotyping errors
Authors: Lai Renzhen , Zhang Hong , Yang Yaning 
Published: December 2006

AbstractGenotype misclassification occurs frequently in human genetic association studies. When cases and controls are subject to the same misclassification model, Pearson's chi‐square test has the correct type I error but may lose power. Most current methods adjusting for genotyping errors assume that the misclassification model is known a priori or can be assessed by a gold standard instrument. But in practical applications, the misclassification probabilities may not be completely known or the gold standard method can be too costly to be available. The repeated measurement design provides an alternative approach for identifying misclassification probabilities. With this design, a proportion of the subjects are measured repeatedly (five or more repeats) for the genotypes when the error model is completely unknown. We investigate the applications of the repeated measurement method in genetic association analysis. Cost‐effectiveness study shows that if the phenotyping‐to‐genotyping cost ratio or the misclassification rates are relatively large, the repeat sampling can gain power over the regular case‐control design. We also show that the power gain is not sensitive to the genetic model, genetic relative risk and the population high‐risk allele frequency, all of which are typically important ingredients in association studies. An important implication of this result is that whatever the genetic factors are, the repeated measurement method can be applied if the genotyping errors must be accounted for or the phenotyping cost is high.Genet. Epidemiol.© 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Why working capital drives M&A today
Authors: Sagner James S. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractMerger and acquisition (M&A) activities once focused on strategic transactions for diversification, or for vertical or horizontal integration. But today, the goal of the M&A game is often improving working capital management. It's a complete revolution in the way we look at M&A candidates. What's going on? © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
M&A in the mideast
Authors: Metwalli Ali M. , Tang Roger Y. W. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractWe all know that the Middle East is a political hotspot. But what has been happening there with mergers and acquisitions (M&As)? This article reports on recent M&A activity and gives breakdowns by nationality, industry, home countries, and more. The authors also compare M&A activities in four key countries: Egypt, Israel, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C21ORF105, A chromosome 21‐encoded mRNA, is not a discriminative marker gene for prediction of Down syndrome in maternal plasma
Authors: Go A. T. J. I. , Visser A. , Mulders M. A. M. , Twisk J. W. R. , Blankenstein M. A. , van Vugt J. M. G. , Oudejans C. B. M. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractObjectivesThe presence and detectability of placental mRNA in maternal plasma opens possibilities for the development of non‐invasive prenatal diagnostic tests. In this study, we tested C21orf105, a chromosome 21‐encoded, placentally expressed gene, in maternal plasma of women carrying a fetus with or without trisomy 21.MethodsUsing real‐time RT‐PCR, we determined transcript levels of target (C21orf105) and reference (hPL) genes in first‐trimester plasma samples. Plasma was obtained from first‐trimester EDTA blood after two sequential centrifugation steps and stored at − 70 °C. After RNA extraction, quantitative RT‐PCR was performed using Taqman probes.ResultsFrom the 51 samples, 43 samples were conclusive. Comparison of transcript levels of C21orf105 in both groups showed no significant differences. When expressed as ratios of hPL/C21orf105, the differences between trisomy 21 and normal pregnancies remained non‐significant.ConclusionsThe amount of C21orf105 mRNA in maternal plasma, although situated in the Down syndrome critical region on chromosome 21 and up regulated in trisomy 21 placentas, is not higher in women carrying a fetus with trisomy 21. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Upper critical field Hc2 in PrOs4Sb12
Authors: Parker D. , Won H. , Maki K. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractWe study the upper critical field of the A and B phases in the triplet superconductor PrOs4Sb12 within the p + h‐wave superconductivity proposed recently for this material. The present result is compared with Hc2(t) and H *(t), the boundary between the A and B phase in PrOs4Sb12, reported earlier [Measson et al., Phys. Rev. B 70, 064516 (2004)] and with more recent data of Hc2(t) for the single phase crystal. We find Hc2(t)'s for both the two phase crystal and the single phase crystal are described by the model for the A phase. From this fitting one can deduce the Fermi velocity as ν = 2.5 × 106 cm/s. On the other hand Hc2(t) for the B phase is found to be somewhat smaller than H *(t), which indicates that H *(t) belongs to the A phase. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mössbauer and neutron‐diffraction studies of LaCo0.42Fe0.58O3–d
Authors: Karpinsky D. V. , Troyanchuk I. O. , Kopcewicz M. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractMössbauer, neutron powder diffraction and magnetization measurements have been performed for the LaCo0.42Fe0.58O3–d compounds in the temperature range 4.2 K < T < 400 K. It was found that a stoichiometric compound has a canted G‐type antiferromagnetic structure with TN ∼ 380 K and magnetic moment of 2.3µB per formula unit. Combined Mössbauer and neutron‐diffraction data give evidence that only Fe3+ ions are in the magnetically ordered state, whereas Co3+ ones are in the nonmagnetic low‐spin state and do not participate actively in the magnetic interactions. The oxygen loss leads to the reduction of Co ions down to the 2+ valence state keeping Fe ions in the 3+ valence state. At the same time the TN temperature increases and the weak ferromagnetic component is suppressed. Newly generated strong antiferromagnetic interactions Co2+–O–Fe3+ arise. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Successful combination of remediation techniques at a former silver factory
Authors: Roosma Anneke , Godschalk Bas , Lageman Reinout , Henssen Maurice , Bemmel Marc Van 
Published: December 2006

AbstractA residential area that was formerly part of a silver factory site severely contaminated with chlorinated solvents was remediated using an in situ electro‐bioreclamation technique. Electro‐bioreclamation is a method for heating soil and groundwater combined with soil vapor and low‐yield groundwater extraction and enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD). During the first two years of remediation in the source area (the intensive phase), a total of 80 kg of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was removed by heating combined with ERD. After another two years of ERD in the source and plume areas (the attenuation phase), the VOC concentrations were reduced to a level below 100 μg/L in groundwater. Given these satisfying results, electro‐reclamation in combination with ERD turned out to be a successful in situ remediation technique for removing VOCs. © 2006Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nuclear waste disposition and site remediation: U.S. department of energy, state governments, and other stakeholders dialogue
Authors: Abbotts John , Weems Charles , Takaro Tim K. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractRemediation responsibilities of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) encompass a vast national complex of highly contaminated former weapons facilities. During the mid‐1990s, DOE announced its intentions to consolidate some waste types at specific sites. At about the same time, organizations and public officials around DOE sites urged a National Dialogue, designed to develop comprehensive solutions to the Department's needs for waste disposition ( transportation, treatment, and storage). Recent opposition from citizens and elected officials in Nevada and Washington State has presented obstacles to DOE's plans. Additionally, chairs of nine site‐specific advisory boards recommended that DOE support a National Stakeholder Forum, similarly designed to develop solutions to disposition needs. This article reviews the chronology of DOE's disposition efforts, along with public and state reactions and recommendations. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Acquiring human embryos for stem‐cell research
Authors: Dickens B.M. , Cook R.J. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractHuman tissue engineering and regenerative medicine may be considerably advanced by embryonic stem‐cell research and cell line development, to provide preventive means, cures and treatment strategies for a range of debilitating conditions and injuries. Research may result in embryos from which stem‐cells are derived losing viability, which offends some religious convictions. The different status religions and laws may attribute to embryos serves different purposes and results from different approaches. Neither need depend on, nor impose itself on, the other. Embryos surplus to IVF patients' needs may be donated to research with appropriate consent. In some circumstances, it may be ethical to ask patients to make their fresh embryos available for research. Prohibitions against deliberately creating embryos for research purposes are common, but not universally adopted, and are being challenged. Women who donate ova require information about risks, which for women considering donation for research may not be balanced by compensating benefits.
Changes in alcohol consumption after childbirth
Authors: Davidson Sheena , Davidson Park , Alden Lynn 
Published: December 2006

The early post‐partum period is one of the few times of life stress for which health care professionals recommend alcohol consumption In this study, a group of nursing mothers who had delivered normal full‐term, first‐born infants were examined during the 1‐month period following childbirth. Data were collected on alcohol consumption patterns prior to and during pregnancy and following childbirth. Most women reported abstaining or decreasing consumption during pregnancy. Those who continued to drink during pregnancy reported drinking on social occasions, rather than when depressed or boredDuring the post‐partum period, a number of women began drinking. By far the most common post‐partum drinking situation was during or prior to breast feeding. Reportedly, many women were advised to drink by nurses and doctors in order to relax and to aid the letdown reflex. Several factors seem worth noting. First, professional advice may be based on misinformation Animal studies have suggested that alcohol inhibits the letdown reflex and may interfere with nursing Secondly, because alcohol has been shown to enter the milkstream, attention should be given to possible harmful effects of alcohol (on the newborn) during nursing. Nurses could easily incorporate up‐to‐date information into their nursing practice.
Protein kinase C‐δ phosphorylates Ebp1 and prevents its proteolytic degradation, enhancing cell survival
Authors: Liu Zhixue , Liu Xia , Nakayama Keiichi I. , Nakayama Keiko , Ye Keqiang 
Published: December 2006

AbstractErbB3‐binding protein (Ebp1) promotes cell survival by preventing apoptotic DNA fragmentation through a complex with active nuclear Akt. Ebp1 phosphorylation by protein kinase C (PKC)‐δ mediates its binding to nuclear Akt. In this study, we show that Ebp1 itself acts as a substrate of active caspase 3 during the programmed cell death. PKC‐δ phosphorylation on Ebp1 protects it from apoptotic degradation initiated in cell‐free apoptotic solution. Moreover, Ebp1 is evidently cleaved in PKC‐δ‐deficient cells but not in wild‐type cells. Ebp1 translated from first ATG is resistant to apoptotic cleavage; by contrast, Ebp1 from second and third ATG demonstrates robust degradation, and PKC phosphorylation on S360 suppresses its cleavage by active caspase 3. Ebp1 can be digested at both D53 and D196 sites, but cleavage at D196 appears to be a prerequisite for its further degradation at D53 site. Compared with wild‐type Ebp1, D196A mutant markedly protects cells from apoptosis. Thus, PKC‐δ antagonizes apoptosis through phosphorylating Ebp1 and protects it from apoptotic degradation.