bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘KULTURKRIEG’ BEHIND BARBED WIRE: GERMAN THEATRE IN AN AUSTRALIAN FIRST‐WORLD‐WAR INTERNMENT CAMP
Authors: Benbow Heather , Dorrer Andreas 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTThis article is the first in‐depth study of the ‘Deutsches Theater Liverpool’, probably the most successful non‐English theatre ever on Australian soil, selling out daily performances and mounting a new production each week. The theatre's success was due in large part to its location inside the ‘German Concentration Camp’, the largest First World War (WWI) internment camp in Australia. In contrast to most WWI internment camps around the world, its almost six thousand ‘enemy alien’ internees were a mixture of civilians – most of whom called Australia home before the war – merchant sailors and naval personnel. For this diverse group of men, the theatre was more than entertainment; it was an important way to spend their time meaningfully. We argue that this meaning was strongly connected to the (re)negotiation of identity through theatre, allowing the internees to contribute to the war effort understood at the time in German public discourse as a ‘Kulturkrieg’, a battle for the survival of German culture. Theatre‐makers and audiences (re)engaged with their Germanness through ideas of ‘Kameradschaft’, German diligence and the joint duty of ‘durchhalten’ – ‘making do’. The critical importance of female impersonation in the achievement of the theatre's cultural aims rounds out our analysis of the D.T.L.
The triglyceride glucose index as a sensitive predictor for the risk of MACCEs in patients with diabetic foot ulcers: An ambispective longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Wei Rongyan , Chen Shangyu , Huang Xiuxian , Zhai Zhenwei , Wang Qiu , Sun Jingxia , Mo Jianming , Huang Jianhao , Xu Yancheng , Lu Wensheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe triglyceride glucose (TyG) index has been confirmed a predictive value for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, no research has yet confirmed whether there is a linear correlation between the TyG index and MACCEs in DFUs. The present study aimed to delve into the association between the TyG index and the risk of MACCEs in patients with DFUs. A total of 960 inpatients with DFUs were recruited. All participants were followed up every 6 months for 11 years with a median of 83 months. According to the cut‐off value of the TyG index acquired from receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the subjects were divided into two groups: low‐level (<9.12, n = 480) and high‐level (≥9.12, n = 480). The relationship between the TyG index and MACCEs was evaluated by the multivariable Cox regression model, restricted cubic spline (RCS) model, stratified analysis and the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Out of 960 participants, 271 experienced MACCEs (28.22%), of whom 79 (29.15%) died. ROC analysis got the optimal TyG index cut‐off value of 9.12. Multivariable Cox regression analysis combined with the RCS model showed that the TyG index was positively associated with MACCEs in an S‐shaped non‐linear dose‐dependent manner within the range of TyG index 7.5–9.5 (p < 0.001). The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis indicated the higher the TyG index, the greater the cumulative incidence of MACCEs (log‐rank, p < 0.001). The study first confirmed an S‐shaped non‐linear dose‐dependent positive relationship between the TyG index and the risk of MACCEs in DFUs. Consequently, lowering the TyG index level aids in improving the prognosis of patients with DFUs.
Usability of myocardial work parameters to demonstrate subclinical myocardial involvement in normotensive individuals with exaggerated hypertensive response in treadmill exercise testing
Authors: Cagan Efe Süleyman , Buğrahan Cicek Mahmut , Unkun Tuba , Yucel Enver , Karagöz Ali , Doğan Cem , Bayram Zübeyde , Tekatlı Ali Furkan , Bozan Baver , Karaçam Murat , Halil Gülümser Sevgin , Karabağ Turgut , Kaymaz Cihangir , Ozdemir Nihal 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEarly determination of changes in myocardial functions is essential for the protection of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate myocardial work parameters in healthy individuals who developed an exaggerated hypertensive response during the treadmill exercise test procedure. The study included a total of 64 patients for whom an exercise electrocardiography test was planned for functional capacity evaluation. The study population was divided according to the presence of exaggerated hypertensive response to exercise (EBPRE) (SBP/DBP ≥210/105 mmHg in males ≥190/105 mmHg in females) and normal blood pressure response to exercise (NBPRE). Patients’ echocardiographic evaluations were made at rest, and myocardial work parameters were calculated. There was no statistical difference between the groups (NBPRE vs. EBPRE, respectively) in terms of left ventricular 2,3 and 4 chamber strains and global longitudinal strain (GLS) values (−20.6 ± −2.3, −19.7 ± −1.9, p:.13; −21.3 ± −2.7, −21 ± −2.4, p:.68; −21.2 ± −2.2, −21.2 ± −2.3, p:.93; and −20.8 ± −1.5, −20.4 ± −1.5, p:.23, respectively). Global constrictive work (GCW), global waste work (GWW), and global work efficiency (GWE) were not statistically different between the two groups (2374 ± 210, 2465 ± 204, p:.10; 142 ± 64, 127 ± 42, p:.31; 94.3 ± 2.5, 95.1 ± 1.5, p:.18, respectively). In contrast, global work index (GWI) parameters were different between the two groups (2036 ± 149, 2147 ± 150, p < .001). The GWI was independently associated with EBPRE (odds ratio with 95% 3.32 (1.02‐11.24), p = .03). The partial effect plots were used for GWI to predict EBPRE, according to the results, an increase in GWI predicts probability of exaggerated hypertensive response. In conclusion, Myocardial work analyses might be used to identify early signs of myocardial involvement in normotensive patients with EBPRE.
Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Mycoplasma genitalium at pharyngeal and anorectal sites in patients presenting to an STI outpatient ward
Authors: Kogler A. , Sadoghi B. , Draschl A. , Chromy D. , Binder L. , Schiefer‐Niederkorn A. , Hofmann‐Wellenhof E. L. , Wolf P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is unbridled and on the rise. Extragenital STIs (anal and pharyngeal infections) are commonly asymptomatic, resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment and consequently higher chances of onward transmission.ObjectiveThe aim of this observational single‐centre study was to determine the prevalence of STIs at extragenital sites in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients presenting at an STI outpatient clinic.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who presented between October 2019 and February 2021 at the STI outpatient clinic of a tertiary centre in Central Europe. Patients were included in the study if they received at least one pharyngeal and/or anorectal swab in addition to a genital swab for multiplex‐PCR STI diagnostics. Demographic data, symptoms and serological results were collected and analysed.ResultsData collected from 440 patients were analysed (mean age: 33.9 years, male: n = 345, 78.4%, female: n = 95, 21.6%). Ninety‐seven males reported having sex with men (MSM); 174 patients identified as heterosexual (132 males, 42 females), and 10 females as bisexual. The sexual orientation was not reported in 159 cases. An STI was confirmed in 195 patients (44.3%) and, among those, 109 patients (55.9%) tested positive for an STI at extragenital sites. Seventy‐one patients had a pharyngeal STI whereas 61 were infected in the anorectal region. Of those suffering from an extragenital STI, 64.2% (70 out of 109) tested negative for relevant pathogens at genital sites. The most frequently detected extragenital pathogen was Neisseria gonorrhoeae (71.8% of all pharyngeal STIs [51 out of 71], 55.7% of anorectal STIs [34 out of 61]), followed by Chlamydia trachomatis (41.0% of all anal infections [25 out of 61], 5.6% of pharyngeal infections [4 out of 71]). Pharyngeal and anorectal infections were asymptomatic in 88.7% [63 out of 71] and 65.6% [40 out of 61] of the cases, respectively.ConclusionsThese results underline the need to perform multisite testing, regardless of the presence of symptoms.
An online qualitative study exploring wants and needs for a cooking programme during pregnancy in the UK and Ireland
Authors: Lavelle Fiona , McKernan Claire , Shrewsbury Vanessa , Wolfson Julia A. , Taylor Rachael M. , Duncanson Kerith , Martins Carla A. , Elliott Christopher , Collins Clare E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundOptimal maternal nutrition is associated with better pregnancy and infant outcomes. Culinary nutrition programmes have potential to improve diet quality during pregnancy. Therefore, this research aimed to understand the experiences of cooking and the wants and needs of pregnant women regarding a cooking and food skills programme in the United Kingdom (UK) and Republic of Ireland (ROI).MethodsOnline focus group discussions with pregnant women and those who had experienced a pregnancy in the UK or ROI were conducted between February and April 2022. Two researchers conducted a thematic analysis. Seven focus groups with ROI participants (n = 24) and six with UK participants (n = 28) were completed.ResultsFive themes were generated. These were (1) cooking during pregnancy: barriers, motivators and solutions; (2) food safety, stress and guilt; (3) need for cooking and food skills programmes and desired content; (4) programme structure; (5) barriers and facilitators to programme participation. Overall, there was support for a programme focusing on broad food skills, including planning, food storage, using leftovers and to manage pregnancy‐specific physiological symptoms such as food aversions. Participants emphasised the importance of inclusivity for a diverse range of people and lifestyles for programme design and content.ConclusionsCurrent findings support the use of digital technologies for culinary nutrition interventions, potentially combined with in‐person sessions using a hybrid structure to enable the development of a support network.
Dispositions, Virtues, and Indian Ethics
Authors: Raimondi Andrea , Jain Ruchika 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTAccording to Arti Dhand, it can be argued that all Indian ethics have been primarily virtue ethics. Many have indeed jumped on the virtue bandwagon, providing prima facie interpretations of Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist canons in virtue terms. Others have expressed firm skepticism, claiming that virtues are not proven to be grounded in the nature of things and that, ultimately, the appeal to virtue might just well be a mere façon de parler. In this paper, we aim to advance the discussion of Indian virtue ethics. Our intent is not to provide a catch‐all interpretation of the different Indian schools. Our goal is, more modestly, to offer a theory of virtues in Indian philosophies, as a framework for theorists and interpreters who see these diverse traditions as amenable to systematic virtue analysis. Our theory grounds virtues in the reality of genuine moral dispositions and in a system of beliefs where morality is understood as transformative in nature.
Trying to understand the illness: A qualitative investigation of health literacy of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Rahmawati Berlian Ayu , Rochmawati Erna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLimited health literacy is high among patients with chronic kidney disease, which can pose challenges in health care. Evidence of health literacy in Indonesia, particularly regarding patients undergoing hemodialysis, is lacking. In this study, we aimed to explore health literacy in adult patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. An inductive qualitative study was conducted. Individual semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 10 adult patients undergoing hemodialysis, four family caregivers, and four healthcare professionals. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically. Three themes emerged from the data: “Trying to understand the illness,” “searching and obtaining health information,” and “applying health information.” Understanding and accepting the illness included raising awareness of the changes in their lives and accepting these changes. Participants actively sought information from healthcare professionals and other sources and used it carefully. Behavioral changes included patients' adherence to therapy, although participants often felt bored during the illness trajectory. Understanding the illness and being willing to seek and critically evaluate health information before implementing it are important. These aspects may affect patient outcomes and require further intervention and research.
Mycorrhizal fungi modify decomposition: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Choreño‐Parra Eduardo M. , Treseder Kathleen K. 
Published: April 2024

Summary
It has been proposed that ectomycorrhizal fungi can reduce decomposition while arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi may enhance it. These phenomena are known as the ‘Gadgil effect’ and ‘priming effect’, respectively. However, it is unclear which one predominates globally.
We evaluated whether mycorrhizal fungi decrease or increase decomposition, and identified conditions that mediate this effect. We obtained decomposition data from 43 studies (97 trials) conducted in field or laboratory settings that controlled the access of mycorrhizal fungi to substrates colonized by saprotrophs.
Across studies, mycorrhizal fungi promoted decomposition of different substrates by 6.7% overall by favoring the priming effect over the Gadgil effect. However, we observed significant variation among studies. The substrate C : N ratio and absolute latitude influenced the effect of mycorrhizal fungi on decomposition and contributed to the variation. Specifically, mycorrhizal fungi increased decomposition at low substrate C : N and absolute latitude, but there was no discernable effect at high values. Unexpectedly, the effect of mycorrhizal fungi was not influenced by the mycorrhizal type.
Our findings challenge previous assumptions about the universality of the Gadgil effect but highlight the potential of mycorrhizal fungi to negatively influence soil carbon storage by promoting the priming effect.
Female delayed mating has a limited impact on the reproductive output of Cerambyx welensii, a synovigenic longhorn beetle
Authors: Torres‐Vila Luis M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIncreased female age at mating is considered a detrimental factor on reproductive output and fitness in insects, even if the impact is rather species specific. The effect of delayed mating on reproductive output has been widely studied in pest species controlled with mating disruption, as if the method is not fully effective in suppressing matings, it could still delay them, limiting female fitness and pest damage. Female mating delay, however, may also occur in natural habitats without invoking mating disruption. We studied the effect of female delayed mating in Cerambyx welensii (Küster) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), an oak‐living sapro‐xylophagous longhorn beetle considered a critical factor in oak decline. Several life history and ecological traits may potentially delay mating, including low abundance, (re)colonisation processes, sexual communication channel, host‐produced kairomones, operational sex ratio, reproductive interference and adverse weather conditions. We conducted laboratory tests to assess the impact of mating delays (0‐, 10‐, 20‐ and 30‐day post‐emergence) on reproductive output. Data showed that mating delay until at least 20 days of age had a limited effect on mating success, lifetime fecundity, longevity and fertility. The daily fecundity pattern depended on mating delay, and virgin females showed ovarian retention. We conclude that C. welensii females have evolved physiological adaptations to overcome mating delays and optimise fitness. We discuss our results from an evolutionary perspective, considering specifically the risk of early predation and egg‐laying time limitation. We hypothesise that unpredictable recurrent stochastic variation in male availability could act as an additional driver selecting for synovigeny in this longhorn species.
Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the aquatic dance fly subfamily Clinocerinae (Diptera: Empididae)
Authors: Vojvoda Zeljko Tanja , Pavlek Martina , Wahlberg Emma , Sinclair Bradley J. , Ivković Marija 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study presents the first molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Clinocerinae, challenging the traditionally accepted monophyly of this subfamily. DNA was extracted from fresh and museum specimens representing all biogeographical regions. Maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) phylogenetic analyses were performed based on sequences from two mitochondrial genes, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and cytochrome β, and three nuclear genes, carbomoylphosphate synthase domain of rudimentary, elongation factor‐1α and isocitrate dehydrogenase. Through molecular data and morphological examination, our results reveal a division within Clinocerinae, distinguishing ‘typical’ or Clinocerinae (s.s.) from several genera, specifically Afroclinocera Sinclair, Asymphyloptera Collin and Proagomyia Collin, possibly lending support for a reclassification of these genera outside Clinocerinae. Bergenstammia Mik is proposed as a junior synonym of Phaeobalia Mik, syn. n., and the following new combinations are recognized: Phaeobalia albanica (Wagner) comb. n., Phaeobalia aurinae (Pusch & Wagner) comb. n., Phaeobalia carniolica (Horvat) comb. n., Phaeobalia frigida (Vaillant) comb. n., Phaeobalia glacialis (Palaczyk & Słowińska) comb. n., Phaeobalia multiseta (Strobl) comb. n., Phaeobalia nudimana (Vaillant) comb. n., Phaeobalia nudipes (Loew) comb. n., Phaeobalia pulla (Vaillant & Wagner) comb. n., Phaeobalia pyrenaica (Vaillant & Vinçon) comb. n., Phaeobalia slovaca (Wagner) comb. n. and Phaeobalia thomasi (Vaillant & Vinçon) comb. n. Re‐evaluation of the genus Roederiodes resulted in the following new combinations: Clinocerella macedonicus (Wagner & Horvat) comb. n. and Clinocerella montenegrinus (Wagner & Horvat) comb. n. The origins of Clinocerinae (s.s.) are traced back to the Holarctic region, Laurasian origin, with a likely complex history of dispersal events into the Southern Hemisphere. Based on current knowledge, the greatest generic and species richness is confined to the Palaearctic Region. These findings provide valuable insights into the evolutionary relationships and distribution patterns of Clinocerinae (s.s.), challenging existing taxonomic classifications and shedding light on their historical biogeography.
Interactive visual query of density maps on latent space via flow‐based models
Authors: Li Ning , Liang Tianyi , Jiang Shiqi , Wang Changbo , Li Chenhui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVisual querying of spatiotemporal data has become a dominant mode in the field of visual analytics. Previous studies have utilized well‐designed data structures to speed up the querying of spatiotemporal data. However, reducing storage overhead while improving the querying efficiency of data distribution remains a significant challenge. We propose a flow‐based neural representation method for efficient visual querying. First, we transform spatiotemporal data into density maps through kernel density estimation. Then, we leverage the data‐driven modeling capabilities of a flow‐based neural network to achieve a highly latent representation of the data. Various computations and queries can be performed on the latent representation to improve querying efficiency. Our experiments demonstrate that our approach achieves competitive results in visually querying spatiotemporal data in terms of storage overhead and real‐time interaction efficiency.
The outstanding capacity of Prasiola antarctica to thrive in contrasting harsh environments relies on the constitutive protection of thylakoids and on morphological plasticity
Authors: Arzac Miren I. , Miranda‐Apodaca Jon , de los Ríos Asunción , Castanyer‐Mallol Francesc , García‐Plazaola José I. , Fernández‐Marín Beatriz 
Published: April 2024

SUMMARYThe determination of physiological tolerance ranges of photosynthetic species and of the biochemical mechanisms underneath are fundamental to identify target processes and metabolites that will inspire enhanced plant management and production for the future. In this context, the terrestrial green algae within the genus Prasiola represent ideal models due to their success in harsh environments (polar tundras) and their extraordinary ecological plasticity. Here we focus on the outstanding Prasiola antarctica and compare two natural populations living in very contrasting microenvironments in Antarctica: the dry sandy substrate of a beach and the rocky bed of an ephemeral freshwater stream. Specifically, we assessed their photosynthetic performance at different temperatures, reporting for the first time gnsd values in algae and changes in thylakoid metabolites in response to extreme desiccation. Stream population showed lower α‐tocopherol content and thicker cell walls and thus, lower gnsd and photosynthesis. Both populations had high temperatures for optimal photosynthesis (around +20°C) and strong constitutive tolerance to freezing and desiccation. This tolerance seems to be related to the high constitutive levels of xanthophylls and of the cylindrical lipids di‐ and tri‐galactosyldiacylglycerol in thylakoids, very likely related to the effective protection and stability of membranes. Overall, P. antarctica shows a complex battery of constitutive and plastic protective mechanisms that enable it to thrive under harsh conditions and to acclimate to very contrasting microenvironments, respectively. Some of these anatomical and biochemical adaptations may partially limit photosynthesis, but this has a great potential to rise in a context of increasing temperature.