bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on Reinforcement Technology for Cover Beam Structures of in-service Bridge
Authors: Liu Ran , Wu Xiaoguang , Zhang Haijun , Li Hang , Quan Wei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In order to determine a suitable reinforcement technology for the cover beam structure of a bridge in service, a model of a bridge in Shanxi Province was created and analyzed. Three different reinforcement methods were simulated using the finite element method, and these methods were then compared and analyzed. The results indicate that all three reinforcement methods can enhance the bridge’s performance, with the effectiveness ranked as follows: increasing the cross-section, applying external prestress, and attaching steel sheets. Considering factors such as economy, feasibility, and safety, it is recommended to reinforce the cover beam of the bridge by strengthening the external prestressed ribs in combination with affixing steel plates. This approach not only effectively reduces the stress and displacement of the cover beam structure but also redistributes the stress on the cover beam. Importantly, this method does not hinder bridge traffic and minimizes the impact on the clearance under the bridge.
Numerical Modelling and Analysis of Post-Tensioned Precast Prestressed Slab-Beam-Column Composite Joint
Authors: Guo Zhipeng , Li Liming , Shi Pengfei , Li Siyao , Zhang Yunfeng , Zhou Jian , Su Yanjiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In order to study the seismic performance of post-tensioned precast prestressed slab-beam-column composite joint under low cycle loads, ABAQUS was used to simulate the quasi-static behavior of the composite joint. On the premise of verifying the accuracy of the FEM for post-tensioned precast prestressed concrete joints, a comparative analysis was conducted on the hysteresis performance, bearing capacity, energy consumption performance, and deformation capacity differences between concrete joint and composite joints. The seismic performance of the post-tensioned prestressed composite joint has been obtained, providing assistance for the design of the joint.
Research on deep foundation excavation of rail transit station under water-rich soft soil
Authors: Jia Jianwei , Gao Ruiqi , Wang Huigang , Huo Zexian , Zhang Yandong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
During the excavation of deep foundation, the deformation of surrounding structure usually occurs due to soil unloading, while in water-rich soft soil, the deformation becomes complex and diversified due to the increase of influencing factors. Therefore, the study of Influencing factors and control methods of excavation deformation should be carried out. Based on a rail transit station of Tianjin B1 Rail Line, considering the characteristics of water-rich soft soil, combining relevant monitoring data, the influence of deformation, stress and stability under various excavation stage will be analyzed, providing a guidance for similar project.
Research on vibration isolation optimization design technology for the articulated link mount of turbofan engine
Authors: Chen Yonghui , Wang Jianqiang , Zhou Runeng , Chen Chunlan , Yan Qun , Zhang Zhenxing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
As an important structure connecting the aircraft and the engine, the turbofan engine mount often adopts a hinged multi-link mechanism, and its dynamic performance directly affects the transmission of engine vibrations to the fuselage. To study and improve the vibration isolation performance of this type of mount system, this paper proposes an optimization strategy based on modal design ideas, which takes the minimum distance between the natural frequencies of the mount system and the excitation frequency as the optimization objective, seeks the parameter solution that maximizes the optimization objective, and uses genetic algorithms to carry out optimization analysis. The results show that through optimization analysis, the effective vibration isolation range of the system is increased by approximately 125% near the excitation frequency of the low-pressure rotor; at the excitation frequency of the low-pressure rotor, the system transfer rate is reduced by approximately 58.4%; after optimization, due to the overall frequency deviation of the installation section system from the excitation frequency, the impact of small perturbations of the main parameters on its transfer rate is generally lower, with a maximum decrease of approximately 17.3%, greatly improving the robustness of the system.
Structural displacement and deformation of adjacent shield tunnel induced by foundation pit excavation
Authors: Feng S. , Wang M. , Jiang Y.X. , Li Y.D. , Wang H.L. , Ran L. , Jin T. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Excavating a foundation pit close to a tunnel will unavoidably impact the nearby soil, causing the tunnel to shift and deform. Examining the longitudinal displacement and convergence deformation of a nearby shield tunnel during foundation pit excavation is crucial for maintaining safe operations. Nevertheless, most of the current research primarily focuses on the effects of a single foundation pit excavation on existing tunnels. This study examines and analyzes the effects of multiple foundation pit excavations on the displacement and deformation of pre-existing tunnels, using a project at a subway station as a case study. By employing the PLAXIS three-dimensional finite element software, a large-scale computational model based on the HS model is established, and then five dangerous working conditions are selected for simulation analysis. The research findings delineate that: (i) The displacement of the tunnel is affected by various factors. These encompass the magnitude of the foundation pit excavation, the positioning of the foundation pit excavation in relation to the tunnel, and the closeness of the tunnel to the foundation pit. (ii) The deformation encountered by the tunnel is largely influenced by external loads, where the scale of the unloading load primarily determines the deformation characteristics of the tunnel.
Exploring the potential of pretrained CNNs and time-frequency methods for accurate epileptic EEG classification: a comparative study
Authors: Jamil Mudasir , Aziz Muhammad Zulkifal , Yu Xiaojun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Prompt diagnosis of epilepsy relies on accurate classification of automated electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Several approaches have been developed to characterize epileptic EEG data; however, none of them have exploited time-frequency data to evaluate the effect of tweaking parameters in pretrained frameworks for EEG data classification. This study compares the performance of several pretrained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) namely, AlexNet, GoogLeNet, MobileNetV2, ResNet-18 and SqueezeNet for the localization of epilepsy EEG data using various time-frequency data representation algorithms. Continuous wavelet transform (CWT), empirical Fourier decomposition (EFD), empirical mode decomposition (EMD), empirical wavelet transform (EWT), and variational mode decomposition (VMD) were exploited for the acquisition of 2D scalograms from 1D data. The research evaluates the effect of multiple factors, including noisy versus denoised scalograms, different optimizers, learning rates, single versus dual channels, model size, and computational time consumption. The benchmark Bern-Barcelona EEG dataset is used for testing purpose. Results obtained show that the combination of MobileNetV2, Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) and Adam optimizer at a learning rate of 10−4, coupled with dual-data channels, provides the best performance metrics. Specifically, these parameters result in optimal sensitivity, specificity, f1-score, and classification accuracy, with respective values of 96.06%, 96.15%, 96.08%, and 96.10%. To further corroborate the efficacy of opted pretrained models on exploited Signal Decomposition (SD) algorithms, the classifiers are also being simulated on Temple University database at pinnacle modeling composition. A similar pattern in the outcome readily validate the findings of our study and robustness of deep learning models on epilepsy EEG scalograms.The conclusions drawn emphasize the potential of pretrained CNN-based models to create a robust, automated system for diagnosing epileptiform. Furthermore, the study offers insights into the effectiveness of varying time-frequency techniques and classifier parameters for classifying epileptic EEG data.
Flexible and fully integrated 4-bit SAR ADC using metal-oxide TFTs
Authors: Chen Jun-Rong , Mei Xiang-Lin , Hu Yun-Feng , Zhou Lei , Xu Miao , Wang Lei , Wu Wei-Jing , Liu Yu-Rong , Peng Jun-Biao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a flexible fully integrated 4-bit successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC), which is fabricated by unipolar n-type indium-zinc-oxide thin-film transistors. A bootstrap switch and a comparator with a pre-amplifier are proposed and employed to realize the SAR ADC. The fabricated SAR ADC achieves a sampling rate of up to 20 kHz and a peak signal-to-noise and distortion ratio of 22.9 dB, corresponding to an effective-number-of-bits of 3.52 bits. The static performance of −0.58/+0.37 LSB DNL and −0.49/+0.39 LSB INL is achieved.
Atom-light interactions using optical nanofibres—a perspective
Authors: Li Wenfang , Brown Dylan , Vylegzhanin Alexey , Shahrabifarahani Zohreh , Raj Aswathy , Du Jinjin , Nic Chormaic Síle 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Complete control of light-matter interactions at a single quantum level is critical for quantum science applications such as precision measurement and information processing. Nanophotonic devices, developed with recent advancements in nanofabrication techniques, can be used to tailor the interactions between single photons and atoms. One example of such a nanophotonic device is the optical nanofibre, which provides an excellent platform due to the strongly confined transverse light fields, long interaction length, low loss, and diverse optical modes. This facilitates a strong interaction between atoms and guided light, revealing chiral atom-light processes and the prospect of waveguide quantum electrodynamics. This paper highlights recent advances, experimental techniques, and future perspectives of the optical nanofibre-atom hybrid quantum platform.
A multi-modal microscope for integrated mapping of cellular forces and Brillouin scattering with high resolution
Authors: Meek Andrew T , Busse Franziska , Kronenberg Nils M , Dinh San Vinh , Berghaus Kim V , Booth Jonathan H , Scarcelli Giuliano , Gather Malte C 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Mechanical forces and stiffness play key roles in the health and development of cells and tissue, but despite the physical connection between these quantities, they cannot be monitored in parallel in most cases. Here, we introduce a fully integrated microscope that combines a method for high-resolution cell force imaging (elastic resonator interference stress microscopy, ERISM) with non-contact mapping of the elastic properties of cells (via Brillouin microscopy). In order to integrate both techniques, we had to account for the strong back reflection on the surface of the microcavity used for ERISM measurements as well as the local destruction of the cavity under illumination for Brillouin microscopy measurements. Therefore, we developed an elastic optical microcavity with minimal absorption that can perform ERISM measurements without sustaining laser damage during Brillouin microscopy. Furthermore, an unequal-arm Michelson interferometer was designed to suppress the back reflection of the laser on the ERISM microcavity surface using division by amplitude interference to reduce the reflected light and enhance the Brillouin signal. We show the utility of our integrated microscope by simultaneously mapping cellular forces and Brillouin shifts in cultures of fibroblast cells.
Influence of compound layer on the corrosion resistance of low alloy steel in a 3.5% NaCl solution
Authors: Wang L 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Samples of AISI 4140 low alloy steel were nitrided at different conditions by using plasma nitriding. The optical microscopy observation and x-ray diffraction analysis showed that a 3 ∼ 12 μm thick compound layer composed of ε-Fe2–3N and γ′-Fe4N was formed on the surface after nitriding treatments. The corrosion behavior was evaluated by measuring the anodic polarization curves in a 3.5% NaCl solution along with the observation of corroded surfaces and cross-sectional morphologies using optical and scanning electron microscope. The results indicated that the corrosion resistance of low alloy steel was significantly enhanced through the formation of compound layer. The thickness of compound layer was one important factor in determining its corrosion resistance.
Large area MoSe2 and MoSe2/Bi2Se3 films on sapphire (0001) for near-infrared photodetection
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Aggarwal Vishnu , Gautam Sudhanshu , Yadav Aditya , Singh Bheem , Ganesan Ramakrishnan , Gupta Govind , Kushvaha Sunil Singh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The fabrication of heterojunction-based photodetectors (PDs) is well known for the enhancement of PDs performances, tunable nature of photoconductivity, and broadband application. Herein, the PDs based on MoSe2 and MoSe2/Bi2Se3 heterojunction on sapphire (0001) substrates were deposited using a r.f. magnetron sputtering system. The high-resolution x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy characterizations disclosed the growth of the 2-H phase of MoSe2 and the rhombohedral phase of Bi2Se3 thin films on sapphire (0001). The chemical and electronic states of deposited films were studied using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and revealed the stoichiometry growth of MoSe2. We have fabricated metal-semiconductor–metal type PD devices on MoSe2 and MoSe2/Bi2Se3 heterojunction and the photo-response measurements were performed at external voltages of 0.1–5 V under near-infrared (1064 nm) light illumination. The bare MoSe2 PD device shows positive photoconductivity behavior whereas MoSe2/Bi2Se3 heterojunction PD exhibits negative photoconductivity. It was found that the responsivity of MoSe2 and MoSe2/Bi2Se3 heterojunction PDs is ~ 1.39 A W−1 and ~ 5.7 A W−1, respectively. The enhancement of photoresponse of MoSe2/Bi2Se3 PD nearly four-fold compared to bare MoSe2 PD shows the importance of heterojunction structures for futuristics optoelectronic applications.
Effect of carbon dots supplementation in Chlorella vulgaris biomass production and its composition
Authors: Solis Flores Sergio , López-Pacheco Itzel Y , Villalba-Rodriguez Angel M , González-González Reyna Berenice , Parra-Saldívar Roberto , Iqbal Hafiz M N 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Microalgae cultures have an excellent ability to capture CO2 and produce high, medium, and low valuable biocompounds such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, pigments, and polyhydroxyalkanoates; those compounds have shown excellent properties in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, and medical industries. Recently, the supplementation of carbon dots (CDs) in autotrophic microalgae cultures has been explored as a new strategy to increase light capture and improve photoluminescence, which in turn enhances biomass growth and biocompounds production. In this work, we synthesized CDs through a simple carbonization method using orange juice as a natural precursor. The green synthesized CDs were analyzed in detail through characterization techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–visible, fluorescence spectroscopy, and ζ potential analysis. Moreover, CDs were added to Chlorella vulgaris to analyze the response under different photoperiod cycles and CDs dosages. The optimal results were obtained with the addition of 0.5 mg l−1 of CDs under a photoperiod cycle of 16 h:8 h (light:dark). In these conditions, a maximum biomass production of 2.12 g l−1 was observed, which represents an enhancement of 112% and 17% in comparison to the control samples under the photoperiod of 12 h:12 h and 16 h:8 h (light/dark), respectively. Furthermore, the production of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates was significantly increased to 249 mg g−1, 285 mg g−1, and 217 mg g−1 dry weight, respectively. These results suggest that the addition of CDs enhances cell growth and increases the production of lipids and proteins, being a strategy with great potential for the food and pharmaceutical industries.
OpenAnnotateApi: Python and R packages to efficiently annotate and analyze chromatin accessibility of genomic regions
Authors: Gao Zijing , Jiang Rui , Chen Shengquan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Summary
Chromatin accessibility serves as a critical measurement of physical contact between nuclear macromolecules and DNA sequence, providing valuable insights into the comprehensive landscape of regulatory mechanisms, thus we previously developed the OpenAnnotate web server. However, as an increasing number of epigenomic analysis software tools emerged, web-based annotation often faced limitations and inconveniences when integrated into these software pipelines. To address these issues, we here develop two software packages named OpenAnnotatePy and OpenAnnotateR. In addition to web-based functionalities, these packages encompass supplementary features, including the capability for simultaneous annotation across multiple cell types, advanced searching of systems, tissues and cell types, and converting the result to the data structure of mainstream tools. Moreover, we applied the packages to various scenarios, including cell type revealing, regulatory element prediction, and integration into mainstream single-cell ATAC-seq analysis pipelines including EpiScanpy, Signac, and ArchR. We anticipate that OpenAnnotateApi will significantly facilitate the deciphering of gene regulatory mechanisms, and offer crucial assistance in the field of epigenomic studies.

Availability and implementation
OpenAnnotateApi for R is available at https://github.com/ZjGaothu/OpenAnnotateR and for Python is available at https://github.com/ZjGaothu/OpenAnnotatePy.
shinyseg: a web application for flexible cosegregation and sensitivity analysis
Authors: Carrizosa Christian , Undlien Dag E , Vigeland Magnus D 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Cosegregation analysis is a powerful tool for identifying pathogenic genetic variants, but its implementation remains challenging. Existing software is either limited in scope or too demanding for many end users. Moreover, current solutions lack methods for assessing the robustness of cosegregation evidence, which is important due to its reliance on uncertain estimates.

Results
We present shinyseg, a comprehensive web application for clinical cosegregation analysis. Our app streamlines penetrance specification based on either liability classes or epidemiological data such as risks, hazard ratios, and age of onset distribution. In addition, it incorporates sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of cosegregation evidence, and offers support in clinical interpretation.

Availability and implementation
The shinyseg app is freely available at https://chrcarrizosa.shinyapps.io/shinyseg, with documentation and complete R source code on https://chrcarrizosa.github.io/shinyseg and https://github.com/chrcarrizosa/shinyseg.
Adenoma mimicking intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct arising in an intrahepatic biliary duplication cyst
Authors: Tsuji Yuichi , Kotaro Shimada , Isoda Hiroyoshi , Ishii Takamichi , Takeuchi Yasuhide , Nakamoto Yuji 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We report a case of a cystic liver tumour in a 47-year-old man with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) who had undergone sclerotherapy at another hospital for a cyst in hepatic segment IV (S4) 7 years earlier. Based on the preoperative imaging findings, the patient was diagnosed with an intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct. Percutaneous transhepatic portal vein embolization was performed to increase the residual liver volume, followed by resection of the three right hepatic lobes and the caudate lobe, biliary reconstruction, and portal vein reconstruction. Pathological examination revealed an adenoma arising in an intrahepatic biliary duplication cyst. Retrospectively, the preoperative diagnosis was difficult, but it aligned with previous reports of biliary duplication cysts due to its continuity with the bile duct. Additionally, intrahepatic biliary duplication cysts with tumour lesions or cases in which 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography was performed have not been previously reported. Therefore, preoperatively listing this disease as a differential diagnosis was difficult. PJS and chronic inflammation associated with cyst sclerotherapy may have contributed to tumour development in the intrahepatic biliary duplication cyst.
Imaging of the brain–heart axis: prognostic value in a European setting
Authors: Mikail Nidaa , Sager Dominik F , Gebert Pimrapat , Haider Ahmed , Todorov Atanas , Bengs Susan , Sablonier Noemi , Glarner Isabelle , Vinzens Adriana , Sang Bastian Nastaran , Epprecht Gioia , Sütsch Claudia , Delcò Alessia , Fiechter Michael , Portmann Angela , Treyer Valerie , Wegener Susanne , Gräni Christoph , Pazhenkottil Aju , Gebhard Caroline E , Regitz-Zagrosek Vera , Tanner Felix C , Kaufmann Philipp A , Buechel Ronny R , Rossi Alexia , Gebhard Catherine 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Increasing data suggest that stress-related neural activity (SNA) is associated with subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and may represent a therapeutic target. Current evidence is exclusively based on populations from the U.S. and Asia where limited information about cardiovascular disease risk was available. This study sought to investigate whether SNA imaging has clinical value in a well-characterized cohort of cardiovascular patients in Europe.

Methods
In this single-centre study, a total of 963 patients (mean age 58.4 ± 16.1 years, 40.7% female) with known cardiovascular status, ranging from ‘at-risk’ to manifest disease, and without active cancer underwent 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography between 1 January 2005 and 31 August 2019. Stress-related neural activity was assessed with validated methods and relations between SNA and MACE (non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, and cardiovascular death) or all-cause mortality by time-to-event analysis.

Results
Over a maximum follow-up of 17 years, 118 individuals (12.3%) experienced MACE, and 270 (28.0%) died. In univariate analyses, SNA significantly correlated with an increased risk of MACE (sub-distribution hazard ratio 1.52, 95% CI 1.05–2.19; P = .026) or death (hazard ratio 2.49, 95% CI 1.96–3.17; P &lt; .001). In multivariable analyses, the association between SNA imaging and MACE was lost when details of the cardiovascular status were added to the models. Conversely, the relationship between SNA imaging and all-cause mortality persisted after multivariable adjustments.

Conclusions
In a European patient cohort where cardiovascular status is known, SNA imaging is a robust and independent predictor of all-cause mortality, but its prognostic value for MACE is less evident. Further studies should define specific patient populations that might profit from SNA imaging.
Fitting Assumed Distributions to Horizontal Point Sample Diameters
Authors: Van Deusen Paul C. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The theory is developed for fitting assumed distributions, such as the Weibull, to diameters which were derived from horizontal point samples. The method of maximum likelihood and the method of moments are discussed briefly as two ways of doing this. The results make it possible to fit assumed distributions to horizontal point data for such uses as providing growth and yield estimates by diameter class. Forest Sci. 32:146-148.