bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Approach of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Acrylic Acid Based Hydrogels for Controlled Delivery of Diclofenac Sodium
Authors: Suhail Muhammad , Badshah Syed Faisal , Chiu I-Hui , Ullah Arif , Khan Arshad , Ullah Hamid , Al-Sowayan Noorah Saleh , Tsai Ming-Jun , Wu Pao-Chu 
Published: April 2024

Aim and Objective:
The aim of this study was to prepare polyvinyl alcohol/acrylic
acid (PVA/AA) hydrogels for the controlled release of diclofenac sodium as controlled release
carriers to overcome not only the side effects of diclofenac sodium but also sustain its release for
an extended period.

Background:
Diclofenac sodium is employed for relieving pain and fever. The half-life of diclofenac
sodium is very short (1-2 h). Hence, multiple intakes of diclofenac sodium are required to
maintain a constant pharmacological action. Multiple GI adverse effects are produced as a result
of diclofenac sodium intake

Methods:
A free radical polymerization technique was used for crosslinking PVA with AA in
the presence of APS. EGDMA was used as a cross-linker. FTIR and XRD confirmed the preparation
and loading of the drug by prepared hydrogels. An increase in the thermal stability of
PVA was shown by TGA and DSC analysis. Surface morphology was investigated by SEM.
Similarly, water penetration and drug loading were demonstrated by porosity and drug loading
studies. The pH-sensitive nature of PVA/AA hydrogels was investigated at different pH values
by swelling and drug release studies.

Results:
The development and drug loading of PVA/AA hydrogels were confirmed by FTIR and
XRD analysis. TGA and DSC indicated high thermal stability of prepared hydrogels as compared
to unreacted PVA. SEM indicated a hard and compact network of developed hydrogels.
The swelling and drug release studies indicated maximum swelling and drug release at high pH
as compared to low pH values, indicating the pH-sensitive nature of prepared hydrogels. Moreover,
we demonstrated that drug release was sustained for a prolonged time in a controlled pattern
by prepared hydrogels by comparing the drug release of the developed hydrogels with the commercial
product Cataflam.

Conclusion:
The results indicated that prepared PVA/AA hydrogels can be used as an alternative
approach for the controlled delivery of diclofenac sodium.
Anti-tumoral Immunity and Chemo-preventive Effectiveness of Herbal Extracts of
Curcumin, Ginger, Clove and Amygdaline in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma-Challenging
Mice
Authors: Gomaa Soha , Nassef Mohamed , El-Naggar Randa , Massoud Ahmed , El-Kholy Mona 
Published: April 2024

Background::
Due to its systemic toxicity, traditional chemotherapy of tumors is being taken into consideration.
Herbal therapy, containing phytochemical polyphenol derivatives such as Curcumin (Cur), Ginger
(Gin), Cloves (Clov) and Amygdaline (Amyg), is one of the numerous complementary and alternative approaches
as an anti-cancer therapy and holds great promise for cancer chemo-prevention with fewer side effects.

Aim::
The current study was designated to assess anti-tumoral immunity and anti-cancer and chemo-preventive
effectiveness of herbal extracts of Cur, Ginger, Clov and Amyg in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC)-challenging
mice. Methods: Chemo-preventive efficacy of herbal extracts of Cur, Gin, Clov and Amyg were analyzed in vivo
by examination of the apoptosis rate of EAC tumor cells by flow cytometry. The total numbers of EAC cells,
splenocytes counts and leucocytes count with their differentials relative % in peripheral blood (PB) of EACchallenging
mice were investigated.

Results::
EAC-challenging mice treated with herbal extracts of Cur, Gin, Clov and Amyg showed a marked decline
in EAC tumor cell count and a noticeable increase in apoptosis rate of EAC tumor cells, a remarkable decrease
in serum level of cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) with an obvious increase in the number of splenocytes
comparing to that in EAC-challenging mice treated with PBS alone. Moreover, the data indicated an insignificant
change in the total leucocytes count and their differentials relative % of eosinophil, neutrophils, monocytes and
lymphocytes in EAC-challenging mice treated with Cur and Amyg, but these parameters were markedly increased
in EAC-challenging mice injected with Gin and Clov compared to that in EAC-challenging mice treated
with PBS alone.

Conclusion::
To conclude, the herbal extracts of Cur, Gin, Clov and Amyg may have anti-tumoral immunity and
anti-cancer potency and potential to reduce the resistance to cancer conventional chemotherapy and exert cancer
chemo-protective approaches with low adverse effects. Further research is necessary to determine the regimen's
toxicity on various tissues and organs and to connect the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches used in the regimen's
biomedical use.
The Use of a Digital Well-Being App (Stay Strong App) With Indigenous People in Prison: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Perdacher Elke , Kavanagh David , Sheffield Jeanie , Dale Penny , Heffernan Edward 
Published: April 2024

Background
Indigenous Australians in custody experience much greater rates of poor mental health and well-being than those of the general community, and these problems are not adequately addressed. Digital mental health strategies offer innovative opportunities to address the problems, but little is known about their feasibility in or impact on this population.

Objective
This study aims to conduct a pilot trial evaluating the impact of adding the Stay Strong app to mental health and well-being services for Indigenous women and men in custody. The trial compared immediate and 3-month delayed use of the app by the health service, assessing its effects on well-being, empowerment, and psychological distress at 3 and 6 months after the baseline.

Methods
Indigenous participants were recruited from 3 high-security Australian prisons from January 2017 to September 2019. The outcome measures assessed well-being (Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale), empowerment (Growth and Empowerment Measure [GEM]—giving total, 14-item Emotional Empowerment Scale, and 12 Scenarios scores), and psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale). Intention-to-treat effects on these outcomes were analyzed using linear mixed models.

Results
Substantial challenges in obtaining ethical and institutional approval for the trial were encountered, as were difficulties in timely recruitment and retention due to staff shortages and the release of participants from prison before follow-up assessments and an inability to follow up with participants after release. A total of 132 prisoners (age: mean 33, SD 8 y) were randomized into either an immediate (n=82) or a delayed treatment (n=52) group. However, only 56 (42.4%) could be assessed at 3 months and 37 (28%) at 6 months, raising questions concerning the representativeness of the results. Linear improvements over time were seen in all outcomes (GEM total: Cohen d=0.99; GEM 14-item Emotional Empowerment Scale: Cohen d=0.94; GEM 12 Scenarios: Cohen d=0.87; Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale: Cohen d=0.76; Kessler Psychological Distress Scale: Cohen d=0.49), but no differential effects for group or the addition of the Stay Strong app were found.

Conclusions
We believe this to be Australia’s first evaluation of a digital mental health app in prison and the first among Indigenous people in custody. While the study demonstrated that the use of a well-being app within a prison was feasible, staff shortages led to delayed recruitment and a consequent low retention, and significant beneficial effects of the app’s use within a forensic mental health service were not seen. Additional staff resources and a longer intervention may be needed to allow a demonstration of satisfactory retention and impact in future research.

Trial Registration
ANZCTR ACTRN12624001261505; https://www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12624001261505.aspx
The Paradoxes of Digital Tools in Hospitals: Qualitative Interview Study
Authors: Wosny Marie , Strasser Livia Maria , Hastings Janna 
Published: April 2024

Background
Digital tools are progressively reshaping the daily work of health care professionals (HCPs) in hospitals. While this transformation holds substantial promise, it leads to frustrating experiences, raising concerns about negative impacts on clinicians’ well-being.

Objective
The goal of this study was to comprehensively explore the lived experiences of HCPs navigating digital tools throughout their daily routines.

Methods
Qualitative in-depth interviews with 52 HCPs representing 24 medical specialties across 14 hospitals in Switzerland were performed.

Results
Inductive thematic analysis revealed 4 main themes: digital tool use, workflow and processes, HCPs’ experience of care delivery, and digital transformation and management of change. Within these themes, 6 intriguing paradoxes emerged, and we hypothesized that these paradoxes might partly explain the persistence of the challenges facing hospital digitalization: the promise of efficiency and the reality of inefficiency, the shift from face to face to interface, juggling frustration and dedication, the illusion of information access and trust, the complexity and intersection of workflows and care paths, and the opportunities and challenges of shadow IT.

Conclusions
Our study highlights the central importance of acknowledging and considering the experiences of HCPs to support the transformation of health care technology and to avoid or mitigate any potential negative experiences that might arise from digitalization. The viewpoints of HCPs add relevant insights into long-standing informatics problems in health care and may suggest new strategies to follow when tackling future challenges.
Mediación comunitaria: bonding y bridging
Authors: Munuera Gómez Pilar , Minguela Recover Maria Ángeles 
Published: April 2024

Se presenta las ventajas que tiene la utilización de la mediación comunitaria en la resolución de los conflictos sociales que viven los ciudadanos. Esta técnica ha demostrado su capacidad para obtener mejores formas de relación entre las personas implicadas al restablecer la confianza, el compromiso y la participación activa de la ciudadanía en la toma de decisiones. La utilización de la mediación promueve el desarrollo económico y social de las comunidades. Es una técnica que aumenta el capital social de la comunidad que es capaz de resolver sus conflictos, al establecer conexiones bonding y bridging por ella misma.Este tipo de intervención multiplica el capital social existente al aumentar el grado de solidaridad.La intervención del mediador está dirigida a la gestión positiva de los conflictos existentes en la comunidad y su resolución, para ello debe diagnosticar el conflicto y encontrar el interés común de sus participantes en la resolución de sus problemas. Las estrategias de diálogo utilizadas durante el proceso permitirán el empoderamiento de los involucrados, para lograr el cambioen sus relaciones. Este cambio permite establecer las condiciones necesarias en la satisfacción de las necesidades de la población.
La estrategia de intervención en Trabajo Social. Andamiaje conceptual y procedimental
Authors: Cruz Martín del Campo Luz María 
Published: April 2024

Mi interés en la participación social ha sido una constante a lo largo de mi vida escolar y profesional. El estudio sobre el tema se concretó en el libro Participación ciudadana de los jóvenes universitarios (Trillas, 2012), pero hacía falta la creación de una estrategia de intervención del Trabajo Social, una propuesta teórico-metodológica para prevenir, atender o reconstituir lo social.Estrategia que al ser replicable podría constituirse en un modelo, cuyos resultados serían similares en distintos casos. Pero la replicabilidad y la similitud de resultados de un modelo no lo exime de una característica que podría llamarse artesanal. Cada estrategia debe ser un guante a la medida para una determinada situación-problema. En las páginas siguientes presento una estrategia de intervención en el Trabajo Social, relacionada con la participación ciudadana de los jóvenes universitarios –actividad que forma parte del rubro construcción de ciudadanía–, siguiendo paso a paso la propuesta de Nelia Tello.
Trabajo Social con familias en el contexto mexicano. Definiciones y aproximaciones metodológicas desde la práctica
Authors: Mancinas Espinoza Sandra E. , Rodríguez Otero Luis Manuel 
Published: April 2024

En México, la política sobre familia se inscribe en un régimen de bienestar conservadorfamiliarizado, y en este los trabajadores sociales son actores claves para ejecutar dicha política. Son estos quienes a menudo se ubican en los espacio de entrada en el sistema de bienestar social, situándolos en las contradicciones del mismo (Banks, 1997). Además, las políticas neoliberales(Montaño, 2014) y el expertise teórico metodológico de los trabajadores sociales (Mancinas, 2016) hacen de la práctica un proceso sumamente complejo. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el sustrato teórico-metodológico, que emplean los trabajadores sociales para conceptualizar a las familias y para desarrollar estrategias de intervención con estas. Siguiendo un enfoque deinvestigación cualitativo, se realizaron cuatro grupos de discusión, en los que participaron 29 trabajadores sociales que laboraban en las áreas de salud mental, abusos de sustancias, servicios sociales y educación en el área metropolitana de Monterrey (AMM). Se observó que coexisten dos grandes tendencias en la definición de familias y de las estrategias de intervención para darles soporte profesional: una apegada a los principios más conservadores del régimen de bienestar, y otra que apunta hacia intervenciones más progresistas.
Quimerismo leucocitario en hembras bovinas nacidas de parto gemelar heterosexual
Authors: MONCALEANO J.S , JIMÉNEZ L.M , SÁNCHEZ C.A 
Published: April 2024

Titulo en ingles: Leukocyte quimerism in bovine females born in heterosexual offsprinRESUMEN: Se realizó un análisis cromosómico de tres novillas de tres años y dos terneras de una y tres semanas de edad, las cuales fueron reportadas como nacidas de parto gemelar heterosexual. Al examen clínico y a la palpación las novillas presentaron en general, tracto reproductivo rudimentario con grado variable de masculinización, ausencia de útero, cuernos y ovarios y en un caso particular, los ovarios eran pequeños, la vagina medía solo 3 cm. de longitud y además presentaba hiperplasia del clítoris. Otra de las novillas presentó órganos del tracto reproductivo pequeños, ausencia de cérvix y artrogriposis en los miembros anteriores. En 4 de las hembras analizadas se detectó quimerismo leucocitario sexual (células 60XX / 60XY) con rangos de células masculinas que oscilaron entre 7.09% y 33.33% a excepción de la novilla 0304, en la que solamente se detectó la inserción de una gran banda heterocromática a nivel de la región media del brazo largo (1q) del cromosoma 1, la cual fue visible con bandas CBG, GTG y RBG.ABSTRACT: Chromosomal analyses were made in three heifers of 3-years old and two female calves of one and three weeks old and reported as reported as birth of heterosexual twins. At phenotypic examination the heifers shown a rudimentary reproductive tract with variable degree of masculinization, the ovaries, horns and uterus were absent. In some cases were founded small ovaries, short vagina of 3 cm of length, and hyperplasic clitoris. One heifer had a rudimentary reproductive tract, cervix absent and arthrogryphosis in fore limbs. There are 4 heifers had be analyses were leukocyte quimerism 60XX/60XY from 7.09% to 33.33% of male cells. In the heifer 0304, was detected an insertion of a great heterochromatic band at medial region of chromosome of long arm (1q), which was observed with bands CBG, GTG and RBG.Keywords: freemartin, cattle chromosomes
Registro de leishmaniasis cutánea en caninos presentes en zonas peri-urbana de Villavicencio, Meta y su importancia en la salud pública
Authors: VÁSQUEZ-TRUJILLO A 
Published: April 2024

Titulo en ingles: Registration of cutaneous leishmaniasis in canines present in peri-urban areas of Villavicencio, Meta and their importance in the public healthRESUMEN: La leishmaniasis es una enfermedad causada por un protozoario difásico del género Leishmania. En el ciclo heteroxeno de la Leishmania participan como vectores dípteros hematófagos (Flebótomo y Lutzomyia). El perro es el principal reservorio de algunas de las especies de Leishmania, presentándose las formas cutánea y visceral. Los principales signos clínicos encontrados en siete caninos examinados en zonas peri-urbana de Villavicencio fueron de afección cutánea: dermatitis exfoliativa, alopecias localizadas y difusas (en un caso) y ulceras cutáneas; uno solo canino de los diagnosticados presentó una aparente afección general con pobre estado corporal, depresión y adenitis localizada. Fue utilizado como método diagnóstico el examen parasitológico. La importancia de estos casos como reservorio se entrelaza con diferentes factores ligados tanto a la actividad humana como a los cambios climáticos que influyen en la distribución y hacen que se considere como una enfermedad emergente y/o reemergente teniendo un gran impacto en la salud pública.Palabras claves: leishmaniasis cutánea, afección cutánea, canino, reservorio, salud pública.ABSTRACT: The leishmaniasis is a disease caused by a protozoan of the genus Leishmania. The heteroecious life cycle of the Leishmania includes an invertebrate host (phle- botomy and Lutzomyia). The dog is the main reservoir for many of the Leishmania species, simultaneously presenting both cutaneous and visceral clinical signs. The main clinical signs found in the seven canines examined in semi-urban areas of Villavicencio were of cutaneous affection: dermatitis exfoliate, local and dif- fuse depilation and cutaneous ulcerations; one single canine of those diagnosed presents an apparent general affection, poor corporal state, depression, and located adenitis. The diagnostic was carried out by a method parasitological. The importance of these cases like reservoir are intertwined so much with different bound factors to the human activity as to the climatic changes that influence in the distribution, and they make him to be considered like an disease emergent and/or reemergent having a great impact in the health public.Key words: cutaneous leishmaniasis, cutaneous af-fection, canine, reservoir, public health
Digestibilidad aparente de Tithonia diversifolia, Gliricidia sepium y Cratylia argentea en juveniles de Piaractus brachypomus, Cuvier 1818
Authors: Ortiz-González Arwin R. , Morales-Luna Kerwin A. , Vásquez-Torres Walter , Gutiérrez-Espinosa Mariana Catalina 
Published: April 2024

La alta demanda de materias primas convencionales para la fabricación de alimentos hace que, día a día, los costos de estas se eleven, ocasionando un 70% de los gastos de producción en alimentación. Se hace necesario buscar fuentes alternativas de alimentación eficientes para la piscicultura. El objetivo fue determinar coeficientes de digestibilidad aparente (CDA) de Tithonia diversifolia, Gliricidia sepium, Cratylia argentea en juveniles de Piaractus brachypomus. Se seleccionaron 400 juveniles de cachama blanca con peso promedio de 125 g. Los cuales se dividieron en 4 grupos. Para la recolección de heces se utilizaron nueve tanques de fibra de vidrio con capacidad de 200 L con fondo cónico (Sistema Guelph modificado). Los coeficientes de digestibilidad aparente (CDA) de los ingredientes fueron determinados por el método indirecto. Las dietas experimentales estaban compuestas por 69.5% de Dieta Referencia (DR), 0.5% de marcador inerte (Cr2O3) y 30% de Harina de hojas de la materia prima a evaluar. Los CDA de proteína para Gliricidia sepium fueron de 54.22%; para Tithonia diversifolia, de 35.7%; y Cratylia argéntea, de 23.9%. La harina de hoja de Gliricidia sepium es una materia prima alternativa que puede usarse en alimentación de cachama blanca, por su buen porcentaje de proteína bruta de 26.55%, sumado a la capacidad de aprovechamiento en un 54.2% (CDA); lo que equivale a una digestibilidad de proteína de 14.9%, si se tiene en cuenta que esta especie tiene un requerimiento de proteína del 32%.
Caracterizaciones biológicas en la Hacienda Macondo (Mapiripán, Meta)
Authors: Rodríguez Torres Diego A. 
Published: April 2024

Titulo en ingles: Biological characterizations in the Hacienda Macondo (Mapiripan, Meta)RESUMEN: Se realizaron inventarios de flora y fauna en el marco de la construcción de la línea base ambiental para la Hacienda Macondo. La Hacienda cuenta con 5.680 hectáreas, compuestas por ambientes naturales de sabanas, bosques de galería y morichales. Los inventarios han sido realizados en estos ambientes según metodologías estandarizadas de Evaluación Ecológica Rápida (EER) orientados a grupos focales de fauna y flora. En flora vascular se reportan 63 familias, 114 géneros y 205 especies. En cuanto a la fauna, se encontraron para el grupo de peces 2 clases, 16 familias, 6 órdenes, 24 géneros y 36 especies. Para anfibios y reptiles se registraron 39 especies: 9 anfibios y 30 reptiles. En aves se reportan 35 familias, 16 órdenes y 65 géneros, mientras que para mamíferos se encontraron 32 especies. La caracterización de insectos se enfocó en escarabajos, hormigas, mariposas y abejas de las orquídeas, reportándose 11 familias, 2 órdenes, 23 géneros y 53 especies. Se reportan varias especies en peligro de extinción y la pérdida acelerada de cobertura vegetal por quemas y cultivos ilícitos.ABSTRACT: A fauna and flora inventory has been made as part of the environmental baseline of the Hacienda Macondo. The farm has 5680 hectares, consisting of natural environments such as natural savanna, gallery forest and morichales. Inventories have been made in these natural environments under standardized methods of Rapid Ecological Assessment (REA) oriented towards focus groups of fauna and flora. The results were the following: 63 families, 114 genders and 205 species of vascular plants; 35 families, 16 orders and 65 genders of birds; 32 species of mammals; 39 species of amphibians (9 amphibians and 30 reptiles); 2 classes, 16 families, 6 orders, 24 genders and 36 species of fish. The characterization of insects was focused on beetles, ants, bees, butterflies and orchid bees, reporting 11 families, 2 orders, 23 genders and 53 species. There have been several reports of endangered species and of the accelerated loss of vegetative cover because of fires and illicit crops.
Innovations and variability of modern English-language Russia-centred discourse: a pilot corpus study
Authors: Белоглазова Е.В. , Каменева А.Д. 
Published: April 2024

В статье исследуется англоязычный руссо-центрический дискурс в аспекте его территориальной и темпоральной вариативности. Анализ британского и американского подкорпусов дискурса выявил общие для обоих вариантов дискурса когнитивные доминанты, при вариативности их репрезентантов. При этом 40 % выявленных репрезентантов не были ранее зафиксированы в специализированном словаре и представляют собой ксенонимические новации английского языка, обращенного в область русской культуры. Исследование позволяет оценить динамику развития англоязычного руссо-центрического дискурса, распадающегося вслед за языком в целом на региональные варианты.
The paper focuses on the English-language Russia-centred discourse in the light of its temporal and regional variability. The study aims at identifying the key trends in the development of modern foreign-language discourse about Russia, in particular the specific features it develops within the main varieties of the English language (British Standard English and American Standard English). The analysis revealed that both subcorpora share common cognitive mainstays, while their lexical representation varies across regional varieties. 40% of the identified discourse markers were not previously recorded, being xenonymic innovations of the Russian-culture-oriented English. This observation allows postulating the dynamic development of the Russia-centred discourse, which continues to expand its vocabulary.