bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sanguinarine inhibits VEGF‐induced angiogenesis in a fibrin gel matrix
Authors: Basini Giuseppina , Bussolati Simona , Santini Sujen Eleonora , Grasselli Francesca 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBackground:The identification of possible ways to block blood vessels formation has become a major scientific objective of the last decade and several phytochemicals are currently being exploited to target tumour angiogenesis.Aim:The effects of Sanguinarine (SA), an alkaloid from the root of Sanguinaria Canadensis, were evaluated in an in vitro angiogenesis model; moreover the effects on Akt phosphorylation in porcine aortic endothelial cell line (AOC) were also examined.Methods:SA (300 nM) was tested in the presence or absence of VEGF (100 ng/ml) in a three dimensional angiogenesis bioassay obtained pipetting a suspension of AOC on microcarrier beads in a fibrinogen solution before the addition of thrombine. Endothelial cell proliferation was measured at 48, 96, 144, 192 h. The phosphorylation of Akt was measured by ELISA in 2×105 AOC treated as described above.Results:The addition of SA abolished (p < 0.001) VEGF stimulatory effect on AOC growth at all the examined times. In addition, the stimulatory effect induced by VEGF on Akt phosphorylation was significantly (p < 0.001) inhibited by SA.Conclusion:SA appear to be an antiangiogenic natural product by directly suppressing the proliferative effect of VEGF on endothelial cell line: this effect could be mediated by blocking the VEGF‐induced Akt activation.
NF‐κB as a potential molecular target for cancer therapy
Authors: Lee Chae Hyeong , Jeon Yong‐Tark , Kim Su‐Hyeong , Song Yong‐Sang 
Published: December 2008

AbstractNuclear factor κB (NF‐κB), a transcription factor, plays an important role in carcinogenesis as well as in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. NF‐κB induces the expression of diverse target genes that promote cell proliferation, regulate apoptosis, facilitate angiogenesis and stimulate invasion and metastasis. Furthermore, many cancer cells show aberrant or constitutive NF‐κB activation which mediates resistance to chemo‐ and radio‐therapy. Therefore, the inhibition of NF‐κB activation and its signaling pathway offers a potential cancer therapy strategy. In addition, recent studies have shown that NF‐κB can also play a tumor suppressor role in certain settings. In this review, we focus on the role of NF‐κB in carcinogenesis and the therapeutic potential of targeting NF‐κB in cancer therapy.
Low serum selenium concentrations are associated with poor grip strength among older women living in the community
Authors: Beck Justine , Ferrucci Luigi , Sun Kai , Walston Jeremy , Fried Linda P. , Varadhan Ravi , Guralnik Jack M. , Semba Richard D. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAging is associated with a loss of muscle strength, and, in turn, loss of muscle strength has been associated with increased risk of frailty, disability and mortality. The factors that contribute to loss of muscle strength with aging have not been well characterized. Selenium is important in normal muscle function because of its role in selenoenzymes that protect muscle against oxidative damage. We hypothesized that low serum selenium concentrations were associated with poor grip strength. We examined the association between serum selenium and hand grip strength among 676 moderately to severely disabled community‐dwelling women in the Women's Health and Aging Study I in Baltimore, Maryland. After adjusting for age, race, body mass index, Mini‐Mental Status Examination score, current smoking, hypertension, congestive heart failure and depression, serum selenium was associated with grip strength (P = 0.04). This study supports the idea that selenium is important to muscle strength in older women.
Green tea, anti‐diabetic or diabetogenic: A dose response study
Authors: Islam Md.Shahidul , Choi Haymie 
Published: December 2008

AbstractPresent study was conducted to clarify whether lower or higher dietary dose of green tea is beneficial for the reduction of risk of type 2 diabetes. Five weeks old male SD rats were fed high fat diet for 2 weeks then divided into 4 groups of 8 animals as Normal Control (NC), Diabetic Control (DBC), Green Tea Low (GTL, 0.5%), Green Tea High (GTH, 2.0%) groups. Diabetes was induced by intra‐peritoneal (i.p) injection of STZ (40 mg/kg BW) in all animals except NC group. After 4 weeks feeding of experimental diets, serum fasting blood glucose was not decreased but relatively increased in both green tea fed groups compared to DBC group. Serum insulin concentration was significantly (p < 0.05) increased in GTL group but not in GTH group when compared with DBC group. Serum lipids were significantly decreased in GTH group but not in GTL group compared to DBC group. Intra‐peritoneal glucose tolerance test, blood HbA1c, liver weight, and liver glycogen level were not influenced by the feeding of green tea containing diets. Data of this study suggest that lower dose of green tea is insulinotropic when higher dose is hyperglycemic but hypolipidemic at least in this experimental condition.
Protective effect of anthocyanin‐rich extract from bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillusL.) against myelotoxicity induced by 5‐fluorouracil
Authors: Choi Eun Hye , Ok Hyun Ee , Yoon Yoosik , Magnuson Bernadene A. , Kim Mi Kyung , Chun Hyang Sook 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe toxicities associated with 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU), a potent broad‐spectrum chemotherapeutic agent, can not only affect the morbidity and the efficacy of chemotherapy but also limit its clinical use. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of a commercial anthocyanin‐rich extract from bilberry (AREB) against 5‐FU‐induced myelotoxicity in vivo, and against chemosensitivity to 5‐FU in vitro. A single injection of 5‐FU at 200 mg/kg induced severe peripheral erythrocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and leucopenia as well as hypocellularity of the spleen and bone marrow in C57BL/6 mice. Oral administration of 500 mg/kg of AREB for 10 days significantly increased the number of red blood cells, neutrophils, and monocytes in peripheral blood to 1.2‐fold, 9‐fold, and 6‐fold, respectively, compared with those seen after treatment with 5‐FU alone (p < 0.05–0.001). The hypocellularity of the spleen and bone marrow caused by 5‐FU was also distinctly alleviated in the AREB‐treated group. Furthermore, AREB treatment with 50 and 100 μg/ml as a monomeric anthocyanin did not interfere with, but rather enhanced the chemotherapeutic efficacy of 5‐FU in vitro. These results suggest that AREB may have protective potential against 5‐FU‐induced myelotoxiciy and/or the ability to enhance the chemotherapeutic effectiveness of 5‐FU.
Possible involvement of queuine in regulation of cell proliferation
Authors: Pathak Chandramani , Jaiswal Yogesh K. , Vinayak Manjula 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAn increase in cell number is one of the most prominent characteristics of cancer cells. This may be caused by an increase in cell proliferation or decrease in cell death. Queuine is one of the modified base which is found at first anticodon position of specific tRNAs. It is ubiquitously present throughout the living system except mycoplasma and yeast. The tRNAs of Q‐family are completely modified to Q‐tRNAs in terminally differentiated somatic cells, however hypomodification of Q‐tRNA is closely associated with cell proliferation and malignancy. Queuine participates at various cellular functions such as regulation of cell proliferation, cell signaling and alteration in the expression of growth associated proto‐oncogenes. Like other proto‐oncogenes bcl2 is known to involve in cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis. Queuine or Q‐tRNA is suggested to inhibit cell proliferation but the mechanism of regulation of cell proliferation by queuine or Q‐tRNA is not well understood. Therefore, in the present study regulation in cell proliferation by queuine in vivo and in vitro as well as the expression of cell death regulatory protein Bcl2 are investigated. For this DLAT cancerous mouse, U87 cell line and HepG2 cell line are treated with different concentrations of queuine and the effect of queuine on cell proliferation and apoptosis are studied. The results indicate that queuine down regulates cell proliferation and expression of Bcl2 protein, suggesting that queuine promotes cell death and participates in the regulation of cell proliferation.
A combination of soy isoflavone supplementation and exercise improves lipid profiles and protects antioxidant defense‐systems against exercise‐induced oxidative stress in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Oh Hea Young , Lim Soyoung , Lee Joo Min , Kim Dae‐Young , Ann Eue‐Soo , Yoon Sun 
Published: December 2008

AbstractMenopause is often accompanied with weight gain, metabolic lipid abnormalities, and oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated the combined effects of exercise and soy isoflavone supplemention on the lipid profiles and antioxidant capacities of ovariectomized rats. Twenty‐five female Sprague‐Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups: sham‐operated, ovariectomized (OVX), OVX with exercise (OVX + EX), OVX with soy isoflavone supplementation (OVX + ISO), and OVX with both soy isoflavones and exercise (OVX + ISO + EX). After 12 weeks of intervention, antioxidant status was evaluated in collected blood samples by the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), glutathione (GSH) content, and sodium oxide dismutase (SOD) activity. DNA damage in the lymphocytes was determined using alkaline single‐cell gel electrophoresis (the Comet assay). Although there were no significant differences in weight gain and food intake, weight gain was lower in OVX + EX, OVX + ISO, and OVX + ISO + EX than in OVX. OVX + EX, OVX + ISO, and OVX + ISO + EX showed a significant decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL‐cholesterol compared to OVX. The soy isoflavone supplemented group had significantly increased FRAP values and GSH contents in contrast to no changes in the exercised group, whereas exercise markedly increased SOD activity and H2O2 ‐induced DNA tail length and tail moment. Exercise with soy isoflavone supplementation significantly increased FRAP values and had no difference on SOD activity, including DNA damage. These results demonstrate that a combined treatment of moderate exercise and soy isoflavone supplementation could exert a beneficial effect on weight control and lipid profiles, and offer protection from exercise‐induced oxidative stress in postmenopausal women.
Involvement of ligand occupancy in Insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) induced cell growth in osteoblast like MC3T3‐E1 cells
Authors: Kim Seok‐Kwun , Kwon Ji‐Young , Nam Taek‐Jeong 
Published: December 2008

AbstractGrowth factors and matrix proteins regulate the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. The insulin‐like growth factor (IGF) system comprises IGF‐I, IGF‐II, and six high‐affinity IGF‐binding proteins (IGFBPs). IGFs stimulate cell growth in many types of tissue; IGF‐binding proteins regulate cellular actions and can affect cell growth. IGF‐I is involved in differentiation, proliferation, and matrix formation in osteoblasts; IGFBP‐5 is associated with the extracellular matrix (ECM) and can potentiate the actions of IGF‐I. We investigated the effect of ECM proteins on the responses of MC3T3‐E1 osteoblast cells to IGF‐I and IGFBP‐5. In addition, because extracellular signal‐regulated kinases 1 and 2 (Erk 1/2) affect cell growth, we evaluated the effects of IGFBP‐5 on Erk 1/2 phosphorylation in MC3T3‐E1 cells. IGF‐I caused an increase in IGFBP‐5 expression in cultured MC3T3‐E1 cells, and IGF‐I plus IGFBP‐5 significantly increased cell growth. Likewise, the addition of IGF‐I and IGFBP‐5 to cultured MC3T3‐E1 cells increased the synthesis of the ECM proteins osteopontin (OPN) and thrombospondin‐1 (TSP‐1), which can bind to αVβ3 integrin receptors on the cell surface. By contrast, the addition of an antibody against ECM proteins inhibited the effects of OPN and TSP‐1 on IGFBP‐5 expression. The stimulatory effect of IGFBP‐5 was mediated via Erk 1/2 activation. These data suggest that IGFBP‐5 regulates Erk 1/2 phosphorylation in cultured MC3T3‐E1 cells via ECM proteins that may ultimately stimulate the growth of osteoblasts. We determined whether occupation of the αVβ3 integrin receptor affects IGF‐I receptor (IGF‐IR)‐mediated signaling and function in MC3T3‐E1 osteoblast cells. Occupation of the αVβ3 integrin receptor with ECM proteins induced IGF‐I‐stimulated IGF‐IR phosphorylation. Conversely, in the presence of the αVβ3‐specific disintegrin echistatin, IGF‐I‐stimulated IGF‐IR activation was inhibited. IGF‐I‐stimulated IGF‐IR phosphorylation was accompanied by IRS‐1 phosphorylation and MAPK activation. However, these effects were attenuated by echistatin. Thus, occupancy of the αVβ3 disintegrin receptor modulates IGF‐I‐induced IGF‐IR activation and IGF‐IR‐mediated function in MC 3T3‐E1 osteoblasts.
Diabetes, metallothionein, and zinc interactions: A review
Authors: Islam MD. Shahidul , Loots Du Toit 
Published: December 2008

AbstractEpidemiological evidence, associating diabetes with zinc (Zn) deficiencies, has resulted in numerous research studies describing the effects of Zn and associated metallothionein (MT), on reducing diabetic complications associated with oxidative stress. MT has been found to have a profound effect on the reduction of oxidative stress induced by the diabetic condition. Over expression of MT in various metabolic organs has also been shown to reduce hyperglycaemia‐induced oxidative stress, organ specific diabetic complications, and DNA damage in diabetic experimental animals, which have been further substantiated by the results from MT‐knockout mice. Additionally, supplementation with Zn has been shown to induce in vivo MT synthesis in experimental animals and to reduce diabetes related complications in both humans and animal models. Although the results are promising, some caution regarding this topic is however necessary, due to the fact that the majority of the studies done have been animal based. Hence more human intervention trials are needed regarding the positive effects of MT and Zn before firm conclusions can be made regarding their use in the treatment of diabetes.
Antidiabetic zinc(II)‐N ‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine complex: Evaluations of in vitro insulinomimetic and in vivo blood glucose‐lowering activities
Authors: Adachi Yusuke , Yoshikawa Yutaka , Sakurai Hiromu 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe diabetic state is known to induce oxidative stress in its mechanism, which in turn is responsible for the complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Recently, we found that Zn(II) complexes have in vitro insulinomimetic and in vivo blood glucose‐lowering activities. During our study on the development of new Zn(II) complexes with antioxidative ligands involving L‐cysteine, L‐cysteine‐methylester, and N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (nac), we found a new (N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteinato)Zn(II) (Zn(nac)) complex by evaluating of both its in vitro insulinomimetic and in vivo potencies. The insulinomimetic activity of Zn(nac) with respect to the inhibition of free fatty acid release in isolated rat adipocytes treated with epinephrine was higher than that of a well‐known insulinomimetic VOSO4, being equivalent to that of ZnSO4 . The blood glucose level of hyperglycemic KK‐Ay mice with type 2 DM was reduced by daily intraperitoneal injections of Zn(nac) for 28 days. Their serum insulin, HbA1c, TCHO, and UN levels were remarkably decreased, indicating that Zn(nac) improved the insulin resistance of the mice. The improvement of DM by Zn(nac) was also confirmed by the oral glucose tolerance test. In conclusion, Zn(nac) complex is proposed to attenuate both hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in KK‐Ay mice by decreasing serum insulin, HbA1c, UN, and TCHO levels.
Anti‐obesity activities of fermented soygerm isoflavones by Bif idobacterium breve
Authors: Choi Inwook , Kim Yoonsook , Park Yonggon , Seog Homoon , Choi Heedon 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSoygerm isoflavones were subjected to fermentation by Bifidobacterium breve. Most of isoflavone glycosides (daidzin, glycitin and genistin) in soygerms were deglycosylated to their corresponding isoflavone aglycones (daidzein, glycitein and genistein) within 24 h fermentation. Fermented isoflavones significantly inhibited pancreatic lipase activity in fermentationtime and dosage dependant manner. When fermented isoflavones were orally administered with olive oil to SD rats, the triglyceride (TG) level in plasma after 2 h of ingestion was significantly lower than the control of only olive oil administered group whereas no such significant decrease in plasma TG was observed in unfermented isoflavone administered group. This result indicates that oral administration of fermented isoflavones effectively suppressed absorption of excessive lipid into a body. Addition of either unfermented or fermented soygerm isoflavones effectively inhibited adipocyte differentiation from 3T3‐L1 in a dose dependent manner. In conclusion, B. breve successfully converted soygerm isoflavones into their aglycones, and these aglycones were more effective in suppressing lipid absorption as well as adipocytes differentiation than their glycosides.
The nutritional and metabolic indices in rats fed cholesterol‐containing diets supplemented with durian at different stages of ripening
Authors: Leontowicz Maria , Leontowicz Hanna , Jastrzebski Zenon , Jesion Iwona , Haruenkit Ratiporn , Poovarodom Sumitra , Katrich Elena , Tashma Zev , Drzewiecki Jerzy , Trakhtenberg Simon , Gorinstein Shela 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe aim of this investigation was to assess the nutritional and health properties of Mon Thong durian cultivar at different stages of ripening. The assessment was carried out in vitro and in vivo. The contents of dietary fibers, minerals and trace metals at different stages of ripening were comparable. Total polyphenols (mgGAE/100 g FW) and flavonoids (mg CE/100 gFW) in ripe durian (358.8 ± 31.4 and 95.4 ± 9.3) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in mature (216.1 ± 1 and 39.9 ± 3.8) and overripe (283.3 ± 26.2 and 53.5 ± 4.9).Antioxidant capacity (μMTE/100 g FW) in total polyphenol extracts of ripe durian measured by 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and [2,2'‐azinobis (3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid)] (ABTS) assays (259.4 ± 23.6 and 2341.8 ± 93.2) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of mature (151.6 ± 15.2 and 1394.6 ± 41.5) and overripe (201.7 ± 19.4 and 1812.2 ± 61.4) samples. The correlation coefficients between the bioactive compounds in different stages of ripening and their antioxidant capacities were high (R2 = 0.99). Then 35 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 dietary groups each of 7 and named Control, Chol, Chol/Mature, Chol/Ripe and Chol/Overripe. During 30 days of the experiment the rats of all 5 groups were fed basal diet (BD), which included wheat starch, casein, soybean oil, vitamin and mineral mixtures. The rats of the Control group were fed a BD only. To the BD of the Chol group was added 1% of cholesterol. The BD of the Chol/Mature, Chol/Ripe and Chol/Overripe groups was supplemented with 1% of cholesterol and 5% of the mature, ripe and overripe durian as freeze‐dried powder, respectively. Diets containing ripe and to a lesser degree mature and overripe durian significantly hindered the rise in plasma lipids and also hindered a decrease in plasma antioxidant activity. The nitrogen retention in rats of the Chol/Ripe group was significantly higher (63.6%, P < 0.05) than in other diet groups and the level of the plasma glucose remained normal. A decrease in fibrinogen fraction with ripe durian included in rat's diets was shown by electrophoretic separation. These changes were detected mostly in the low molecular weight proteins of rat's serum. Histological examination of aorta showed only slight differences in the tissue. In conclusion, ripe durian contains higher quantity of bioactive compounds, has higher antioxidant capacity and nutritional value. It positively affects the plasma lipid profile, the plasma glucose and the antioxidant activity in rats fed cholesterol enriched diets. Therefore, the ripe durian supplemented diet could be beneficial for patient suffering from hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus.
Date seed oil limit oxidative injuries induced by hydrogen peroxide in human skin organ culture
Authors: Dammak Ines , Abdallah Fatma Ben , Boudaya Sonia , Besbes Souhail , Keskes Leila , Gaied Amel El , Turki Hamida , Attia Hammadi , Hentati Basma 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe skin is chronically exposed to pro‐oxidant agents, leading to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To protect the skin against an over‐load of oxidant species, we studied the chemoprotective effect of one new natural product: “date seed oil: DSO”. This oil may serve as a potential source of natural antioxidants such as phenols and tocopherols.Here, the antioxidative potential of DSO was compared that of to extra virgin olive oil. Adult human skin was maintained in organ culture in the presence of the DSO and extra virgin olive oil before the addition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 ), in order to prevent the tissue from its oxidizing effects. Skin specimens were collected for histology and for melanin studies.In the investigated model system, DSO protects skin against oxidative injuries. It has a significant chemoprotective effect, by inhibition of damage caused by H2O2 compared with specimens without such addition endowing with a radical scavenging ability. The various components from DSO were much more potent antioxidant and more free radical scavengers of the H2O2 than those of olive oil.Our study shows that topical DSO treatment of the skin stimulates events in the epidermis leading to repair skin damage possibly due to antioxidant synergisms.
Modulatory effect of spice extracts on iron‐induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver
Authors: Yadav Amit Singh , Bhatnagar D. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe antioxidants in foods play an important role in preventing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Some of the dietary constituents, commonly used in Indian foods such as cloves (Syzygium aromaticum), licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), mace (aril of Myristica fragrans) and greater cardamom (Amomum subulatum), were selected as the test samples to find their effect on the inhibition of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in rat liver homogenate. Three different oxidant systems were used to induce LPO. The results show that all the spices have antioxidant activities at various concentrations. None of the spices showed prooxidant properties. The effect of spices on the inhibition of LPO was concentration dependent. Cloves, mace and cardamom inhibited the initiation as well as propagation phases of FeCl3 induced LPO, while licorice inhibited the initiation phase only. The reducing power and the superoxide scavenging activity of spices was also measured in vitro. The reducing power of various spices increased with concentration. The percentage inhibition of superoxide radical generation by the spices was also observed to be concentration dependent. The results show that spices used in the present study have significant ability to inhibit LPO due to their polyphenol content, strong reducing power and superoxide radical scavenging activity. Cloves showed the highest antioxidant activity probably due to the higher polyphenol content as compared to other spices.