bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral health in the elderly with non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus
Authors: Närhi Timo O. , Meurman Jukka H. , Odont D , Tilvis Reijo , Ainamo Anja 
Published: March 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine salivary flow rates and selected oral health parameters in 12 patients (aged 76–86 years) with non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and also in 20 subjects (aged 76–86 years) with NlDDM and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and to compare them with 32 healthy controls matched for age and gender.Unstimulated salivary flow rates were lower in both groups of NlDDM patients than in the controls, although the differences were not statistically significant. Subjective oral dryness and other oral and non‐oral symptoms were more frequently reported by the patients with NIDDM+CVD; however, the differences were usually non‐significant. Root‐surface caries was more frequently detected in the subjects with NlDDM only, although the difference among groups was not statistically significant. Periodontal treatment need, according to CPlTN values, was more frequent in the subjects with NlDDM only, compared with controls or those with NIDDM+CVD, although the differences were again not statistically significant.There were no statistically significant differences in the oral health parameters of the subjects with NlDDM or NIDDM+CVD compared with those of their age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls.
Salivary secretion and oral health in narcolepsy: A pilot study
Authors: Nordgarden Hilde , Jensen Janicke Liaane , Arneberg Pål , Storhaug Kari 
Published: March 2008

Complaints of dry mouth and poor dental health are common in persons with narcolepsy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether salivary secretion is reduced in narcolepsy. Persons using tricyclic anti‐depressants (TCAs) were excluded, since TCAs are known to reduce salivary secretion. Thus, two patient subgroups were studied, one on central stimulant (CS) treatment (medicated group, n = 12), and one unrnedicated group (n = 8), representing all persons with narcolepsy living in the Oslo area meeting these criteria. The survey group and 20 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy control persons without symptoms of dry mouth were examined with respect to the following parameters: unstim‐ulated (UWS) and chewing‐stimulated (SWS) whole salivary flow rates, citric‐acid‐stimulated parotid and submandibular flow rates, buffering effect, and number of some aciduric micro‐organisms in the oral cavity. As a group, persons with narcolepsy had lower whole salivary flow rates, a lower buffering effect, and higher Candida albicans scores than the control group. When the patients were divided into the medicated and unmedicated groups, these differences were valid only for the medicated group. Whether the observed differences were effects of CS medication or reflected that these persons were more seriously affected by the disease has to be further explored.
The use of intraosseous anesthesia in a patient with myositis ossificans progressiva
Authors: Webb Michael D. , Wilson Carolyn 
Published: March 2008

The case of a pediatric patient with myositis ossificans progressiva in whom it became increasingly difficult to obtain local anesthesia is presented. lntraosseous anesthesia was successful in allowing pain‐free dental treatment to be completed. This approach should be considered in other patients who have limited mouth‐opening ability due to injury or disease.SummaryWe have presented a case of a patient with myositis ossificans progressiva in whom it was difficult to obtain local anesthesia using conventional infiltration and block anesthesia. Intraosseous anesthesia was successful in providing pain‐free dentistry for this patient and should be considered in other cases where limited opening is present or other local anesthetic methods have failed.
The relationship between place BANA reactivity and clinical parameters in subjects with mental disabilities
Authors: Figueiredo Luciene C. , Toledo Benedicto E.C. , Salvador Sergio L 
Published: March 2008

The purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether subjects institutionalized with mental retardation have a relationship between pertodontal clinical parameters and the presence of the BANA‐positlve pertodontal pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Bacteroides forsythus In their subgingival plaques. Fifty Institutionalized subjects (25 patients with Down syndrome and 25 subjects with mental retardation) were matched with respect to age and sex. Pertodontal clinical parameters (Bleeding on Probing, BOP; Papillary Bleeding Score, PBS; and Probing Depth, PD) were obtained from 6 reference teeth (3, 8, 14, 19, 24, 30). In addition, subgingival plaque samples taken from the same 6 teeth were analyzed for the presence of the BANA‐posltlve species, by means of the chairslde BANA test. In both the patients with Down syndrome and the group with mental retardation, the presence of BANA‐posltlve plaques was significantly associated with bleeding on probing (p < 0.05) and increased probing depth (p < 0.01, Chlsquare).Analysis of these data indicated that the BANA test could be used in combination with clinical criteria to diagnose a perlodontopathy anaerobic infection in Institutionalized subjects.This study was supported by FAPESP, a Brazilian Research Foundation (Grant no. 96/3414–3).
Microwave disinfection of dentures for the treatment of oral candidiasis
Authors: Banting David W. , Hill Scott A. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThirty‐four institutionalized subjects (mean age, 81 years) with a positive test for C. albicans pseudohyphae were randomly assigned to test (microwave) and control (soak) groups. All subjects received the same course of topical antifungal medication (Nystatin 300,000 IU lozenges 3x daily for 14 days). Subjects in the microwave treatment group had their maxillary denture scrubbed and then microwaved for one minute at 850 Watts. This procedure was repeated three times. For subjects receiving the standard denture soak treatment, the nursing staff was instructed to disinfect the maxillary dentures in 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate solution overnight for 14 days, changing the solution every two days. Infestation of the tissue surface of the maxillary denture with C. albicans progressively took place over the three‐month period following treatment such that 8 (53%) of the microwaved dentures and 16 (84%) of the soaked dentures demonstrated pseudohyphae as determined by Gram stain. Infection of the soft tissues with the hyphal form of C. albicans also increased with time. After three months, one (8%) patient in the microwave group and 12 (63%) patients in the denture soak group demonstrated pseudohyphae on the cytological smears. Re‐infestation of the denture surface and infection of the adjacent soft tissue were delayed dramatically in patients whose dentures were microwaved compared with those whose dentures were disinfected by being soaked in a chlorhexidine solution. However, microwave treatment is not recommended for all dentures and should be used with caution.
Oral health status of adults from a California regional center for developmental disabilities
Authors: Lindemann Robert , Zaschel‐Grob Diana , Opp Sheri , Lewis Mary Ann , Lewis Charles 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe oral health status and treatment needs of developmentally disabled adults (18 years and older) from a Los Angeles Regional Center who live in a variety of settings were measured as part of a comprehensive study to determine their overall health status. A dental assessment was performed on a sample of 325 persons which was similar in demographic composition to the entire population at the center. Approximately 80% of clients reported a personal dentist of record, and 73% brushed their own teeth. Edentulism was 9%. The mean number of retained teeth per person was 22. Subjectively, 15.7% of the sample was rated as having “good” overall dental health, 77.7%“fair,” and 6.6%“poor.” The major reasons rendering fair or poor assessments were oral hygiene, clinical periodontal disease, and dental caries. More females than males were assessed as having “good” overall dental health. The overall appearance of the teeth for a majority of the sample (76.5%) was rated as “same as most.” Persons who brushed their own teeth had fewer missing teeth than those who did not. Persons with a dentist of record had fewer decayed and more filled teeth. Persons living at home with family or friends had a significantly lower DMFT index than those living independently or in facilities. In general, these findings are encouraging; however, caution must be exercised, since efforts to improve the oral health status of this population require continued attention.
Dental experience and self‐perceived dental care needs of patients with angioedema
Authors: Lodi Giovanni , Sardella Andrea , Bez Cristina , Demarosi Federica , Cicardi Marco , Carrassi Antonio 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to investigate the self‐perceived dental care needs and dental experiences of patients with angioedema. At the 1998 annual meeting of the Voluntary Association for the Fight, Study and Treatment of Hereditary Angioedema (“Associazione volontaria per la lotta, lo studio e la terapia dell'angioedema ereditario”), a self‐administered questionnaire was distributed to participants affected by hereditary or acquired angioedema. Fifty‐seven persons completed the questionnaire (37 females, 20 males; mean age, 39 ± 17 yrs; range, 5–76). The vast majority (91%) had the hereditary form of the disease. One‐third of the respondents had some problems in obtaining oral treatment, with one person having been refused care. About half of the group had experienced an acute attack following dental treatment. Preventive measures needed improvement in about two‐thirds of respondents. More than half (58%) of the group perceived a need for dental care. We conclude that persons with angioedema may experience difficulty in obtaining dental treatment, a common cause of acute attacks.
One‐year compliance and effects of amine and stannous fluoride on some salivary biochemical constituents and oral microbes in institutionalized elderly
Authors: Meurman Jukka H. , Kari Kirsti , Äikäs Anne , Kallio Pekka 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTDue to old age and poor general health, the institutionalized elderly have often not been used as research subjects for the investigation of oral health protocols. Because the number of elderly is increasing, they are an important target group for the development of oral hygiene aids. This trial was designed to investigate whether the institutionalized elderly could succesfully use an amine‐fluoride‐ and stannous‐fluoride‐containing mouthwash and toothpaste during a 12‐month period. A dental hygienist visited the subjects weekly, instructed them, and recorded their self‐reported compliance. Plaque and saliva samples were taken at three‐month intervals. Some salivary biochemical constituents reflecting mucosal integrity were analyzed. The carrier status of Actinobacillus actinomycetem comitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Bacteroides forsythus, Prevotella intermedia, and Prevotella nigrescens was studied by the polymerase chain‐reaction method, and acidogenic bacteria and yeasts by dip‐slide methods (Orion Diagnostica, Espoo, Finland). Of those 98 subjects originally included, 44 elderly (30 women and 14 men; mean age, 81.7 ± 5.9 yrs) completed the trial. Their observations were positive or very positive regarding the use of mouthwash and toothpaste. The number of residents with P. gingivalis decreased statistically significantly throughout the trial, while the carrier status of the other periodontal bacteria and mutans streptococci remained on the same level. The number of subjects with high counts (≥ 105 cfu/mL) of yeasts decreased during the study: 26.2% at baseline, 9.1% one year later, respectively. Biochemical analyses of salivary immunoglobulins showed no effect on IgA and IgM levels, but IgG reduced significantly. Albumin and other salivary protein concentrations were found to have a decreasing tendency. Thus, the overall effect of the protocol was beneficial with regard to subjects' oral health as measured in this study. The residents were pleased to participate, but the number of drop‐outs was very high, confirming the expected difficulties with the utilization of a group of frail elderly as research subjects.
The Oral Care Link Nurse: a facilitator and educator for maintaining oral health for patients at the Royal Hospital for Neuro‐disability
Authors: Charteris Pamela , Kinsella Tracey 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThis paper describes an ongoing oral health education project developed and implemented at the Royal Hospital for Neuro‐disability (RHN) by the Dental Team. The Oral Care Link Nurse (OCLN) project was developed to assist the dental team in the promotion of oral care within the hospital. The Dental Team identified that, in addition to providing knowledge and skills to perform effective oral care, it is important that nursing staff retain positive attitudes and behavior toward providing that care. In conjunction with the Quality Assurance department, oral care guidelines were introduced throughout the hospital, with further input being focused on the training of at least one unqualified nursing auxiliary from each ward. These became the OCLN who were trained by the Dental Team to assist with the promotion of good oral care practices on the wards and to aid communication regarding patient oral health within the multidisciplinary team. Formal evaluation, by clinical audit, indicated that the project continued to improve the overall standard of oral care throughout the hospital. To ensure that this high standard continues, it is essential that continued support, commitment, and enthusiasm be given from the dental team and that support is constant.
A method of eliminating streak artifacts from metallic dental restorations in CTs of head and neck cancer patients
Authors: Odium Olva 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this report was to develop a method to reduce streak artifacts derived from dental restorations in CT‐imaging of the head and neck region. We selected six patients who were being treated for head and neck cancer and who had metal‐derived artifacts on their CT that limited pre‐ or post‐surgical visualization. The metal restorations were removed and replaced with non‐metallic composite resin restorations. The CT was repeated as required on completion of the procedures. The streak artifacts were completely eliminated in patients in whom radiolucent composite materials were used. Patients have been followed for 6–26 months with no complications or breakdown of the restorations. The substitution of radiolucent for metallic restorations in special cases should be considered as a solution to CT dental artifact problems.
The Surgeon General's Report and special‐needs patients: a framework for action for children and their caregivers
Authors: Slavkin Harold C. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe Surgeon General's Report, Oral Health in America, is the first comprehensive assessment of oral, dental, and craniofacial health in the history of our nation. The intent of this first‐ever Report is to alert Americans to the full meaning of oral health and its importance to general health and well‐being across the lifespan. Moreover, the Report has been released at a time in human history of enormous changes as well as opportunities. The convergence of public health policies, “quality of life” expectations, global informatics, a new century of biotechnology, the completion of the Human Genome Project, changes in the management of health care, and the acknowledgment of enormous health disparities herald a call to action. These profound dynamics particularly affect children and their caregivers and the multitude of social, economic, and health issues associated with special patients and developmental disabilities. This paper will highlight the issues, provide recommendations, and suggest a call to action.
Today's dental student is training for tomorrow's elderly baby boomer
Authors: Lee Susan J. , Nelson Linda P. , Lin Jarshen , Tom Franson , Brown Richard S. , Jones Judith A. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTWe are constantly reminded of the exploding elderly population and the increasing demand to meet their needs. But do we fully understand and appreciate the impact that this fastest‐growing segment of the population will have upon our profession? Whether we realize it or not, today's dental student is training for tomorrow's elderly baby boomer. The baby boomer generation is 76 million strong, representing 19 years worth of births spanning from 1946–1964. That makes the oldest baby boomer 55 years old and the youngest 37 years old. What does this all mean? That from 2011–2030, the age group of 65 years of age and older will make up approximately 22% of the population, vastly changing our patient population, not to mention a significant increase in patient load. The future holds promise for not only a busy career, but also potentially a financially rewarding one as well. To some extent, we are all going to be geriatric clinicians. There is little doubt that there will be a great demand for services in restorative dentistry, prosthodontic dentistry, endodontics, periodontics, oral surgery, and perhaps orthodontics. As the baby boomers benefited from fluoride and sanitation, more people have been able to maintain their dentition and health into their older years. Dental students graduating today will be only beginning the prime of their careers as the baby boomers make their introduction in full force in the year 2011.
Attitudes of dentists, working in Riyadh, toward people with a sensory impairment
Authors: AlSarheed Maha , Bedi Raman , Hunt Nigel P. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThis study was conducted to determine the attitudes of dentists, working in Riyadh, toward people with a sensory impairment (SI), according to the Scale of Attitude Towards Disabled Persons (SADP). The SADP scale was modified to focus solely upon sensory impairment. The modified scale was pre‐tested and then incorporated into a self‐administered questionnaire. This was then administered to 600 dentists (response rate, 73.7%) working in the city of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The modified scale showed itself to be reliable, with a Chronbach's coefficient α 0.616 and four‐factor analysis, which accounted for 38.5% of the variance. Ninety‐four percent of the dentists were generally positive toward SI in the society. There were, however, significant variations in attitudes, with a more positive score for dentists who had worked for 30 years or more (p± 0.005), were specialists (p < 0.005), received little or no undergraduate training in this subject (p < 0.05), and who received their undergraduate training in Europe/North America (p < 0.001). However, in a stepwise regression model, all these variables were significant except for the years of practice. The modified SADP showed dentists, working in Saudi Arabia, having a positive attitude toward people with SI.
Mobile and portable dentistry: alternative treatment services for the elderly
Authors: Lee Erryn EJ. , Thomas Carrie Ann 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTWith the rapidly expanding geriatric population in the United States, the demand for geriatric dentistry is rising. With the financial, transportation, and motivational barriers the geriatric population faces, it can be difficult for them to seek dental treatment in a traditional setting. Mobile and portable dental units can be used as alternative methods to provide dental care to the geriatric population. Mobile and portable dental units offer advantages such as providing community outreach, increasing personal satisfaction for geriatric clients and dental professionals, and providing dental care to those who would otherwise not receive treatment due to some of the barriers. Although mobile and portable dental units are ideal for long‐term facilities, disadvantages do exist in implementing the use of these systems. These include the initial cost of implementing such a unit, limitation of treatment options, the number of clients seen in a day, and maintenance for the unit. Until more research can be done to find ways to improve the quality of dental care for the geriatric population, these units seem to be a reasonable alternative to the traditional approach to providing the elderly with the dental care they require.
Special considerations for treating dental patients exhibiting the “Post‐polio Syndrome”
Authors: Haberle C. Brent , Stewart Arthur Van , Staat Robert H. , Gettleman Lawrence , Sleamaker Thomas F. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA condition called “Post‐polio Syndrome” (PPS) is a special type of neuromuscular disturbance that affects some elderly patients who had polio myelitis either as children or as young adults. It has been reported that approximately 1,600,000 polio survivors are alive today. Most will seek dental care, and up to half of the survivors will present with some form of PPS. This paper describes polio, its characteristics, and the long‐term consideration of PPS, and discusses the special clinical implications related to this condition. Special emphasis is placed on physical impairments, breathing problems, and difficulty swallowing. Also included are sections discussing such topics as patient scheduling, office design and housekeeping, patient management, oral hygiene, diagnostic procedures, drug and pain management, and general health considerations.
Delphi study to identify core competencies in geriatric dentistry
Authors: Dolan Teresa A. , Lauer Daniel S. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe Delphi technique and an expert panel of general practitioners were used to identify geriatric dentistry core competencies—the necessary knowledge, skills, and values of new graduates to meet the oral health needs of older patients. Of the 74 dentists solicited, 50 dentists agreed to participate, and 40 dentists returned two questionnaires. Respondents were mostly male, white, in solo practice, with a mean age of 51.6 (SD 7.4) years. The first survey asked the participants to identify at least three topics in geriatric dentistry that they believed to be essential to a dental curriculum to graduate competent practitioners who can effectively treat older patients. The 45 unique responses were used in the second questionnaire that asked the practitioners to rate the importance of each topic for inclusion in a curriculum. For the 29 items describing skills, respondents indicated how often they performed the skill in their practices. Finally, the respondents considered all 45 items, and selected the five most crucial topics. Overall, participants achieved good consensus as to core knowledge, skills, and values needed to provide general dental care to older patients.