bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived versus reported social referent approval and romantic relationship commitment and persistence
Authors: ETCHEVERRY PAUL E. , LE BENJAMIN , CHARANIA MAHNAZ R. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe current study examined social network influence processes on romantic relationship outcomes by obtaining the reported opinions of social referents as well as romantic relationship members’ perceptions of social network members’ opinions. Participants were 254 (151 women) college students from the United States involved in romantic relationships along with a male and female friend who all completed surveys regarding the participants’ romantic relationship. This work demonstrated that perceived normative beliefs of social network members significantly mediated the effects of reported social network approval on relationship commitment. Participants’ reports of relationship commitment were found to mediate the effect of subjective norms on relationship persistence. Along with network members’ relationship approval, participants’ satisfaction was found to predict participants’ normative beliefs.
Conceptualization and assessment of disengagement in romantic relationships
Authors: BARRY ROBIN A. , LAWRENCE ERIKA , LANGER AMIE 
Published: August 2008

AbstractResearch examining relationship distress and dissolution highlights the importance of romantic disengagement. Nevertheless, prior conceptualizations and measures of romantic disengagement have tended to combine disengagement with related but distinct constructs hindering the study of romantic disengagement. The present research used exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to clarify the conceptualization of romantic disengagement and to develop a novel measure—the Romantic Disengagement Scale (RDS). The RDS demonstrated adequate fit across samples of dating individuals (n= 203), married couples (n= 77), and women in physically aggressive relationships (n= 42) from the Midwestern United States. The RDS also demonstrated strong divergent and incremental validity. The discussion focuses on implications for enhancing conceptual models, research methodology, and clinical interventions.
A longitudinal test of the relational turbulence model of romantic relationship development
Authors: SOLOMON DENISE HAUNANI , THEISS JENNIFER A. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractA longitudinal study evaluated associations between intimacy and relational uncertainty and characteristics of interdependence within nonmarital romantic relationships. Three hundred and fifteen college students in the United States completed a Web‐based survey about their relationship weekly for 6 weeks. Results indicated nonlinear associations between intimacy and relational uncertainty and perceptions of a partner’s interference (p < .001) that were inconsistent with hypotheses. Intimacy was positively associated with a partner’s influence in and facilitation of activities (p < .001). An interaction between intimacy and a partner’s influence predicted a partner’s interference, such that a partner’s influence was more positively associated with interference at low, compared to high, intimacy (p < .05). The implications of these findings for rethinking the relational turbulence model are discussed.
Attachment styles and interpersonal approach and avoidance goals in everyday couple interactions
Authors: LOCKE KENNETH D. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractSixty undergraduates at a public university in the northwest United States recorded their approach and avoidance communal (closeness), uncommunal (distance), agentic (assertion), and unagentic (submission) goals during a total of 836 naturalistic interactions with romantic partners. They also completed a self‐report measure of attachment style. Secure attachment predicted more approach than avoidance goals, especially agentic goals. Avoidant attachment predicted goals to avoid and not to approach closeness and submission. Anxious attachment predicted more intense and inconsistent goals; for example, anxiety predicted focusing more on avoiding distance yet less on creating closeness and predicted more within‐person variability across interactions in goals to approach distance, avoid closeness, avoid assertion, and avoid submission. In sum, the study revealed strong relationships between enduring attachment styles and momentary interpersonal goals in everyday life.
Attachment and daily sexual goals: A study of dating couples
Authors: IMPETT EMILY A. , GORDON AMIE M. , STRACHMAN AMY 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis research provides the first empirical investigation of how both partners’ attachment orientations contribute to daily sexual goals. Both members of 84 dating couples who attended a large urban university on the West Coast in the United States completed a measure of attachment orientation, and 1 member completed a measure of sexual goals for 14 consecutive days. Analyses showed that attachment anxiety was associated with engaging in sex to please one’s partner and express love, whereas attachment avoidance was associated with engaging in sex to avoid negative relational consequences and was negatively associated with engaging in sex to express love. Daily sexual goals were also associated with the partner’s attachment orientation. Gender moderated many of these associations. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Consistency of immigrant and country‐of‐birth suicide rates: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Voracek M. , Loibl L. M. 
Published: August 2008

Objective: Multifaceted evidence (family, twin, adoption, molecular genetic, geographic and surname studies of suicide) suggests genetic risk factors for suicide. Migrant studies are also informative in this context, but underused. In particular, a meta‐analysis of the associations of immigrant (IMM) and country‐of‐birth (COB) suicide rates is unavailable.Method: Thirty‐three studies, reporting IMM suicide rates for nearly 50 nationalities in seven host countries (Australia, Austria, Canada, England, the Netherlands, Sweden and the USA), were retrieved.Results: Total‐population IMM and COB suicide rates were strongly positively associated (combined rank‐order correlation across 20 eligible studies: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.56–0.73,P < 10−9). The effect generalized across both sexes, host countries and study periods.Conclusion: Following the logic of the migrant study design of genetic epidemiology, the correspondence of IMM and COB suicide rates is consistent with the assumption of population differences in the prevalence of genetic risk factors for suicide.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Chorioamnionitis and Increased Galectin‐1 Expression in PPROM – An Anti‐Inflammatory Response in the Fetal Membranes?
Authors: Than Nandor Gabor , Kim Sung‐Su , Abbas Asad , Han Yu Mi , Hotra John , Tarca Adi L. , Erez Offer , Wildman Derek E. , Kusanovic Juan Pedro , Pineles Beth , Montenegro Daniel , Edwin Samuel S. , Mazaki‐Tovi Shali , Gotsch Francesca , Espinoza Jimmy , Hassan Sonia S. , Papp Zoltan , Romero Roberto 
Published: August 2008

Problem Galectin‐1 can regulate immune responses upon infection and inflammation. We determined galectin‐1 expression in the chorioamniotic membranes and its changes during histological chorioamnionitis.Method of study Chorioamniotic membranes were obtained from women with normal pregnancy (n = 5) and from patients with pre‐term pre‐labor rupture of the membranes (PPROM) with (n = 8) and without histological chorioamnionitis (n = 8). Galectin‐1 mRNA and protein were localized by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Galectin‐1 mRNA expression was also determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.Results Galectin‐1 mRNA and protein were detected in the amniotic epithelium, chorioamniotic fibroblasts/myofibroblasts and macrophages, chorionic trophoblasts, and decidual stromal cells. In patients with PPROM, galectin‐1 mRNA expression in the fetal membranes was higher (2.07‐fold, P = 0.002) in those with chorioamnionitis than in those without. Moreover, chorioamionitis was associated with a strong galectin‐1 immunostaining in amniotic epithelium, chorioamniotic mesodermal cells, and apoptotic bodies.Conclusion Chorioamnionitis is associated with an increased galectin‐1 mRNA expression and strong immunoreactivity of the chorioamniotic membranes; thus, galectin‐1 may be involved in the regulation of the inflammatory responses to chorioamniotic infection.
IPD meta‐analysis shows no effect of LC‐PUFA supplementation on infant growth at 18 months
Authors: Rosenfeld Eva , Beyerlein Andreas , Hadders‐Algra Mijna , Kennedy Katherine , Singhal Atul , Fewtrell Mary , Lucas Alan , Koletzko Berthold , Von Kries Rüdiger 
Published: August 2008

AbstractAim: Clinical trials on the effects of long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC‐PUFA) supplementation of formula milk on growth of term and preterm children have shown conflicting results. We examined the effects of LC‐PUFAs – especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) – on growth at 18 months.Methods: We performed a meta‐analysis based on individual patient data (IPD) of 901 children from four large, randomised clinical trials of formula milk with and without LC‐PUFAs. Anthropometrics were assessed by z‐scores based on weight for age, length for age, head circumference for age and body mass index (BMI) for age at 18 months. The studies differed in LC‐PUFA composition and infant characteristics (two studies on preterm children, two on term children).Results: Multivariate regression analyses including the possible confounders, sex, gestational age, birth weight, smoking in the last trimester and maternal age, as well as interaction terms showed no significant effects of LC‐PUFA supplementation on any z‐score. Subgroup analyses on trials with high amounts of DHA and on studies with duration of supplementation of at least 6 months yielded the same result. These findings cannot be explained by the lack of power.Conclusion: Our IPD meta‐analysis shows no evidence that LC‐PUFA supplementation affects children's growth at 18 months of age.
A Comparative Study of α‐Dystroglycan Glycosylation in Dystroglycanopathies Suggests that the Hypoglycosylation of α‐Dystroglycan Does Not Consistently Correlate with Clinical Severity
Authors: Jimenez‐Mallebrera Cecilia , Torelli Silvia , Feng Lucy , Kim Jihee , Godfrey Caroline , Clement Emma , Mein Rachael , Abbs Stephen , Brown Susan C. , Campbell Kevin P. , Kröger Stephan , Talim Beril , Topaloglu Haluk , Quinlivan Ros , Roper Helen , Childs Anne M. , Kinali Maria , Sewry Caroline A. , Muntoni Francesco 
Published: August 2008

AbstractHypoglycosylation of α‐dystroglycan underpins a subgroup of muscular dystrophies ranging from congenital onset of weakness, severe brain malformations and death in the perinatal period to mild weakness in adulthood without brain involvement. Mutations in six genes have been identified in a proportion of patients. POMT1, POMT2 and POMGnT1 encode for glycosyltransferases involved in the mannosylation of α‐dystroglycan but the function of fukutin, FKRP and LARGE is less clear. The pathological hallmark is reduced immunolabeling of skeletal muscle with antibodies recognizing glycosylated epitopes on α‐dystroglycan. If the common pathway of these conditions is the hypoglycosyation of α‐dystroglycan, one would expect a correlation between clinical severity and the extent of hypoglycosylation. By studying 24 patients with mutations in these genes, we found a good correlation between reduced α‐dystroglycan staining and clinical course in patients with mutations in POMT1, POMT2 and POMGnT1. However, this was not always the case in patients with defects in fukutin and FKRP, as we identified patients with mild limb–girdle phenotypes without brain involvement with profound depletion of α‐dystroglycan. These data indicate that it is not always possible to correlate clinical course and α‐dystroglycan labeling and suggest that there might be differences in α‐dystroglycan processing in these disorders.
Geochemistry of Sulfide Chimneys and Basement Pillow Lavas at the Southern Mariana Trough (12.55°N–12.58°N)
Authors: Kakegawa Takeshi , Utsumi Motoo , Marumo Katsumi 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThree submarine hydrothermal sites (Snail, Y and Pika sites) in the southern Mariana area were investigated to clarify the geochemical difference between off‐axis and on‐axis submarine hydrothermal activities and volcanic rocks. The Snail and Y sites are located on the axis of the spreading ridge, and the Pika site is located on the off‐axis region. Low‐temperature venting of submarine hydrothermal fluids was observed at the Snail and Y sites. High‐temperature black smoker activities were found at the Pika site. For further geochemical study, sulfide chimneys and mounds were collected from each site by manned submersible Shinkai 6500. Basement short drill cores of volcanic rocks and sulfides were also obtained from the Snail and Pika sites using a multi‐coring system. All drilled pillow lavas were tholeiitic andesite with a narrow range of chemical variation. Significant enrichments of Rb, Ba and Th were absent in both on‐axis (Y and Snail sites) and off‐axis (Pika site) samples, suggesting the least incorporation of subducting sediments to the magmatic system. Concentrations of Au and Ag in the sulfide chimney were within the range of massive sulfides at the mid‐ocean ridge rather than typical arc‐type massive sulfides. It is found that sulfur isotope compositions of sulfides were different between the on‐axis and off‐axis samples: on‐axis samples had heavy δ34S (+2.9–+8.7‰) and off‐axis samples (–0.3 to +3.8‰) were similar to the local magmatic value. Such a regional difference probably results from changes of deep hydrothermal processes during the water–rock interaction rather than differences in tectonic settings.
Myojin Rift, Izu–Bonin Arc as the Modern Analog of Hokuroku Basin, Northeast Japan: Geotectonic Significance of the New Hydrothermal Deposit in the Back‐Arc Rift
Authors: Tanahashi Michio , Fujioka Kantaro , Machida Shiki 
Published: August 2008

AbstractA huge hydrothermal field, named the “Hakurei Sulfide Deposit” (HSD) was discovered in the North Myojin Rift (NMR), Izu–Bonin Back‐Arc Rift (BAR) during the 2003 survey cruise of R/V Hakurei‐maru No.2. This paper investigates the geotectonic features and the tectonic setting of ore deposits between the NMR and the Hokuroku Basin, which is representative of kuroko fields in Japan. The topographic features of the NMR and the Hokuroku Basin are similar. Both have a clear ring structure surrounded by faults and the east–west width is almost the same. Many kuroko deposits were formed on the extrusion centers of the five pre‐mineral acidic volcanic complexes, located in a loop inside the Hokuroku Basin. In the case of the NMR, seven submarine volcanoes are also located in a loop, and the HSD formed inside the summit caldera of Bayonnaise Knoll, which is one of the seven volcanoes. These topographic similarities highlight that the NMR is a modern analog of the Hokuroku Basin. Identifying such similarities is extremely useful when prospecting kuroko deposits on land equivalents as well as on the other segments of the Izu–Bonin BAR. The probability of finding kuroko deposits on land is expected to increase when the following are identified: (i) location of back‐arc rift and the volcanic front; (ii) direction of the arc–trench system and intra‐rift faults (and/or fracture zone); (iii) position of submarine volcanoes surrounding a back‐arc rift; and (iv) intersections of a caldera fault and intra‐rift fault (and/or fracture zone) inside the summit caldera of submarine volcanoes. Within these aforementioned points a ring structure, acidic volcanic complexes that circle the circuit and submarine calderas along the volcanic front, are an important indication of submarine hydrothermal deposits.
Review of the UK NEQAS (H) digital morphology pilot scheme for continuing professional development accessed via the internet
Authors: BRERETON M. L. , DE LA SALLE B. , BURTHEM J. , ARDERN J. , HICKMAN L. , SEAL L. , McTAGGART P. , WEST M. , SWIRSKY D. , PARKER‐WILLIAMS J. , HYDE K. 
Published: August 2008

SummaryUK NEQAS (H) developed and instigated a pilot scheme for digital morphology, which was accessed by participants over the internet in order to assess the viability of using high quality images as an educational tool for continuing professional development. The pilot scheme was trialled over a 2‐year period with eight releases totalling 16 morphology cases. Digital images allowed participating individuals to examine and comment on exactly the same cells and compare their findings with those of other participants, consensus data from traditional glass slide surveys and expert opinion. Feedback from participants on their experience was then relayed back to the development team by UK NEQAS (H) in order to drive the educational format and to ensure that any new scheme would meet the requirements of the users.
Clinical significance of Th1/Th2 ratio in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: HAMDI W. , OGAWARA H. , HANDA H. , TSUKAMOTO N. , MURAKAMI H. 
Published: August 2008

SummaryIn this study, we attempted to evaluate the clinical significance of T helper 1 (Th1)/T helper 2 (Th2) ratio in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), five refractory anaemia (RA), four refractory anaemia with ringed sideroblasts (RARS), 31 refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia (RCMD), nine refractory anaemia with excess blast‐1 (RAEB‐1) and seven refractory anaemia with excess blast‐2 (RAEB‐2). Intracellular interleukin‐4 (Th2 cytokine) and interferon‐γ (Th1 cytokine) production was assessed in CD4+ T lymphocytes activated by phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate and ionomycin using flow cytometry. Mean Th1/Th2 ratios in each MDS group were as follows: RA/RARS, 8.8 (95% CI, 5.8–11.8), RCMD, 14.7 (95% CI, 9.5–19.9), RAEB‐1, 10.6 (95% CI, 4.6–16.6), RAEB‐2, 12.8 (95% CI, 3.0–22.7) and control 12.8 (95% CI, 9.6–16.1). There were no significant differences in Th1/Th2 ratio in the RA/RARS, RCMD, RAEB‐1 and RAEB‐2 subgroups when compared to controls. Because Th1/Th2 ratio in the RCMD group was widely distributed, we divided RCMD patients according to Th1/Th2 ratio into three groups (low, normal and high Th1/Th2 groups). There were no differences in severity of cytopenia among the three above groups. However, the percentage of CD8 cells in the low Th1/Th2 group was significantly lower than those in the high group (P < 0.01). These data suggest that Th1/Th2 imbalance induces CD4/CD8 imbalance, and serves as a marker of the biological interplay in immune regulation.
The feature of clonal expansion of TCR Vβ repertoire, thymic recent output function and TCRζ chain expression in patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: ZHANG X.L. , LI Y.Q. , CHEN S.H. , YANG L.J. , CHEN S. , WU X.L. , ZHANG T. , ZHONG J. , ZHU K.E. 
Published: August 2008

SummaryIn order to identify the feature of T cells immune status in idiopathic/immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) patients, TCR Vβ repertoire, T‐cell receptor (TCR) excision DNA circles (TRECs) and TCRζ chain gene expression were examined. Reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, genescan and real‐time PCR techniques were used to analyze. DNA and cDNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 18 ITP patients were investigated and 25 normal individuals served as control. The results showed that only 4–11 Vβ subfamilies could be detected in each ITP case. The most frequently expressed Vβ subfamilies were Vβ2 and Vβ3, while 11 Vβ subfamilies were absent. Clonal expansion of Vβ T cells were found in all patients. The most frequent clonal expansion T cell was Vβ21. The number of TRECs in ITP patients (2.60 ± 2.99 copies/1000 PBMCs) was not significant different, compared with control (3.76 ± 3.42 copies/1000 PBMCs). The expression level of TCRζ gene was significantly lower in ITP samples than those in control (P = 0.017). In summary, T cells in ITP patients were characterized by restricted expression of TCR Vβ subfamilies and clonal expansion predominant in Vβ21. The alteration of peripheral TCR Vβ repertoire pattern may not relate to the thymic, recent output function in ITP patients. Our report is the first description of decreased TCRζ mRNA level in the majority of ITP patients.
The Classed Body in the Sociological Imagination
Authors: Adair Vivyan C. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractClass theorists of embodiment in Sociology point to and illuminate both an over‐ and an under‐exposed body and experience that ultimately mark the bodies of the poor as ideologically, discursively and materially abject. In this essay, I map out theories of the bodies of the poor, including those of Marx, Engels, Elias, Bourdieu, Foucault, Donzelot and Adair. I suggest that an understanding of the ways in which the bodies of the poor are positioned as abject can facilitate a flexible and reflexive heuristic through which we can negotiate epistemic shifts between material and discursive categories, as well as providing us with a template through which we can come to understand even the most profoundly abject bodies, those of poor women in a welfare state, as potential sites of embodied agency and resistance, all central to the ethical and holistic study of sociology.
Lentiviral short hairpin RNA screen of genes associated with multidrug resistance identifies PRP-4 as a new regulator of chemoresistance in human ovarian cancer
Authors: Duan Zhenfeng , Weinstein Edward J. , Ji Diana , Ames Rachel Y. , Choy Edwin , Mankin Henry , Hornicek Francis J. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractPublished reports implicate a variety of mechanisms that may contribute to drug resistance in ovarian cancer. The chief aim of this study is to understand the relationship between overexpression of drug resistance associated genes and multidrug resistance in ovarian cancer. Using lentiviral short hairpin RNA collections targeting 132 genes identified from transcriptional profiling of drug-resistant cancer cell lines, individual knockdown experiments were done in the presence of sublethal doses of paclitaxel. Specific genes whose knockdown was found to be associated with cellular toxicity included MDR1 (ABCB1), survivin, and pre-mRNA processing factor-4 (PRP-4). These genes, when repressed, can reverse paclitaxel resistance in the multidrug-resistant cell line SKOV-3TR and OVCAR8TR. Both MDR1 and survivin have been reported previously to play a role in multidrug resistance and chemotherapy-induced apoptosis; however, the effect of PRP-4 expression on drug sensitivity is currently unrecognized. PRP-4 belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family, plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing and cell mitosis, and interacts with CLK1. Northern analysis shows that PRP-4 is overexpressed in several paclitaxel-resistant cell lines and confirms that PRP-4 expression could be significantly repressed by PRP-4 lentiviral short hairpin RNA. Both clonogenic and MTT assays confirm that transcriptional repression of PRP-4 could reverse paclitaxel resistance 5-10-fold in SKOV-3TR. Finally, overexpression of PRP-4 in drug-sensitive cells could induce a modest level of drug resistance to paclitaxel, doxorubicin, and vincristine. [Mol Cancer Ther 2008;7(8):2377–85]