bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ON ENDEMIC, “NON‐VENEREAL” SYPHILIS
Authors: Hasselmann C. M. 
Published: March 2008

SummaryEndemic “non‐venereal” syphilis has various colloquial names in the regions between the Mediterranean Sea and the Persian Gulf, in Rhodesia, Betchuana, and elsewhere. Not infrequently the same colloquial names are indiscriminately applied to other dermatoses. Race, climate, nutrition and unknown factors are blamed for clinico‐morphological as well as epidemiological phenomena, but many more experimental investigations are necessary for elucidation.Aside from the preponderance of lesions exclusively on the oral mucosa in a people of whom a considerable percentage probably have latent and congenital syphilis, the disease runs the same course in the Near East as elsewhere. Hence, it is misleading and confusing to call it by different, local and colloquial names.
PATHOGENESIS OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTIONS OF THE SKIN
Authors: SINGH GURMOHAN 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Staphylococcus aureus does not grow readily on normal skin, where an important factor inhibiting its growth is the resident flora. Hydration of the stratum corneum favors the growth of S. aureus. Before lesions of staphyloderma are produced, organisms multiply on the surface. Substances produced as the result of multiplication enter the skin and produce an irritant reaction characterized by necrobiosis, spongiosis followed by perivascular infiltration, exocytosis and intraepidermal vesicle formation. A technique was used whereby the skin surface was separated from growing S. aureus by a filter. Pustules were produced through the filter.
DIFFUSE DERMOGRAPHIC MASTOCYTOSIS WITHOUT VISIBLE SKIN LESIONS
Authors: RUIZ‐MALDONADO RAMON , TAMAYO LOURDES , RIDAURA CECILIA 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: The case is presented of a 3‐year‐old girl with urticaria and pressure dermographism. The condition began the age of one year. A skin biopsy confirmed the suspected diagnosis of diffuse mastocytosis.The identification of the form of mastocytosis without skin lesions and with dermographism and pressure urticaria as its only signs is important. It should be considered in any chronic urticaria appearing at birth or in an early age which is unresponsive to the usual symptomatic medication.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: March 2008

Book reviewed in this article: URTICARIA. Robert P. Warin and Robert H. Champion. Volume 1 in the Series Major Problems in Dermatology, Arthur Rook, Consulting Editor. LEPROSY FOR PRACTITIONERS. S. J. Yawalkar. ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENTS. Robert A. Scherrer and Michael W. Whitehouse. THE PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE SKIN. Edited by A. Jarrett, M.D. HANDBOOK OF MEDICAL TREATMENT. 14th Edition. Milton J. Chatton. HISTORY OF ENTOMOLOGY. R. F. Smith, T. E. Mittler, C. N. Smith. ANNUAL REVIEW OF MEDICINE: SELECTED TOPICS IN THE CLINICAL SCIENCES. William Creger, C. H. Coggins, E. W. Hancock.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: March 2008

Book reviewed in this article: 1975 YEAR BOOK OF DERMATOLOGY. Frederick D. Malkinson and Roger W. Pearson. IMMUNOLOGY IN MEDICAL PRACTICE. Geoffrey Taylor, M.D. THE PHARMACOLOGICAL BASIS OF THERAPEUTICS. Fifth edition. Louis S. Goodman and Alfred Gilman. CLINICAL METHODS IN DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY. J. S. Pasricha, M.D., Ph.D., F.C.A.
DERMATOLOGIC TESTING OF HOUSEHOLD LAUNDRY PRODUCTS: A NOVEL FABRIC SOFTENER
Authors: WEAVER JAMES E. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Household fabric softener products undergo the same testing evaluations by manufacturers as personal care products. A new product. Bounce, produced no irritation in challenge patch tests, provocative patch tests, continuous patch tests, repeated insult patch tests, prick tests and clinical wear tests. Bounce would not be expected to cause irritation or induce cutaneous sensitization.
Book Reviews
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: March 2008

Books reviewed in this article: TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE. 14th edition. Paul B. Beeson, M.D. and Walsh McDermott, M.D. ENFERMEDADES DE LA BOCA. David Grinspan MODERN PROBLEMS IN PEDIATRICS/PEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY. F. Faulkner, N. Kretchmer and E. Rossi. STATISTICS IN MEDICINE. Theodore Colton KORREKTIVE DERMATOLOGIE‐OPERATIONEN AN DER HAUT. (Corrective Dermatology‐Operations on the Skin). J. Petres and M. Hundeiker.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: March 2008

Book reviewed in this article: DERMATOLOGY: ESSENTIALS OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT. Marion B. Sulzberger, M.D. and Jack Wolf, M.D. DERMATOLOGIC THERAPY IN GENERAL PRACTICE. Marion B. Sulzberger, M.D. and Jack Wolf, M.D. DERMATOLOGIC ALLERGY. Marion B. Sulzberger, M.D. MEDICALUSES OF SOAP: A SYMPOSIUM. Morris Fishbein, M.D., editor. Review of Chapters 27–4 by Marion B. Sulzberger and Rudolf L. Baer. YEAR BOOK OF DERMATOLOGY AND SYPH‐ILOLOGY, 1931–1953. Fred Wise, M.D. and Marion B. Sulzberger, M.D.
INDIVIDUAL TRANSPARENCY PATTERNS OF ADHESIVE‐TAPE STRIP SERIES OF THE STRATUM CORNEUM
Authors: KLASCHKA F. , NORENBERC M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:A newly developed apparatus permits the differentiated transparency measurement of stripped horny layer material. An adhesive tape strip, covered with a stripped horny layer mass, is fixed on a glass plate and led past a homogenous light source and a photo cell at a constant speed, whereby each respective light‐current deviation is collected as a parameter for each respective strip model. It is then synchronously registered via a continuous‐line‐recorder. The systematic evaluation of original curves results in a reproducible individual horny layer model obtained by a methodically stripped adhesive tape series, successively taken under constant conditions from the same skin area. Three characteristic types of curves were observed.
THE EGYPTIAN SYCAMORE TREE: ITS USE IN DERMATOLOGY
Authors: EL ZAWAHRY M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:An extract of the sycamore tree, known by the ancient Egyptians for its medicinal properties, was used to treat certain dermatoses in a group of Egyptian patients. Twenty‐one patients having a variety of conditions including pityriasis alba, atopic dermatosis, psoriasis and tina infections were given a cream containing the active material. The response was excellent.
Book Reviews
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: March 2008

Books reviewed in this article: CANCER DERMATOLOGY. Frederick Helm, M.D. INTRODUCTION TO MODERN PHOTOTHERAPY Leon Goldman, M.D. DERMATOLOGIC ILLUSTRATION. Dennis Cole. CLINICAL SKIN MICROBIOLOGY. Raza Aly, Ph.D. and Howard I. Maibach, M.D. HUMAN MALIGNANT MELANOMA. Edited by Wallace H. Clark, Jr., M.D., Leonard I. Goldman, M.D., and Michael Mastrangelo, M.D. BOTANICAL DERMATOLOCY: PLANTS AND PLANT PRODUCTS INJURIOUS TO THE SKIN. John Mitchell and Arthur Rook.
PATTERNS AND INTENSITY OE AUTOFLUORESCENCE AND ITS RELATION TO MELANIN IN HUMAN EPIDERMIS AND HAIR
Authors: FELLNER MICHAEL J. , CHEN AMELIA SU‐HUI , MONT MICHAEL , MCCABE JONATHAN , BADEN MICHAEL 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: The skin of 41 patients including 16 blacks, 15 Caucasiatis, and 10 Hispanics, was observed using a fluorescent microscope. Three patterns of autofluorescence were observed: intercellular, cytoplasmic, and a combination of inter cellular and cytoplasmic. The hair of 75 subjects, including 18 Negroes and 55 Caucasians, was observed. Two patterns were found: medullar and at the cortex.Skin from black patients was associated with the cytoplasmic pattern of autofluorescence. Compared to lighter skin, black skin was also significantly associated with increased intensity of autofluorescence indicating that autoflorescence of the epidermis parallels the link al degree of pigmentation. In the hair of 75 subjects, similar results were obtained: Negro hair exhibited more fluorescnce than Caucasian hair, and darker hair (brown to black) exhibited more fluorescence than lighter hair(blond). This may be related to melanin and its breakdown products.
The Quantity and Distribution of Radiolabeled Dexamethasone Delivered to Tissue by Iontophoresis
Authors: Glass James M. , Stephen Robert L. , Jacobson Stephen C. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: A pilot study was conducted in the first of two monkeys using either radiolabeled Dm‐Na‐P or radiolabeled hydrocortisone sodium succinate, together with lidocaine HCI. This study indicated an approximately tenfold increase in the quantity of Dm‐Na‐P delivered to the test electrodes (4 mA; 20 minutes) whereas the quantity of hydrocortisone delivered from the test electrodes was only marginally (≅10%) increased as compared with that from the controls. In terms of an antiinflammatory activity, the effective dose of Dm‐Na‐P in all tissue layers underlying the test electrodes was at least tenfold that of the hydrocortisone. Therefore, further trials with hydrocortisone were abandoned.In the Second animal, positive test electrodes (5 mA; 20 minuter, were sited over five joints on the right side of the body and matching control electrodes (0 mA: 20 minutes) were placed over corresponding joints on the left side of the body. The control and test electrodes each contained 1.0 ml tritiumlabeled Dm‐Na‐P (≅4.0 mg) and 2.0 ml 4% lidocaine HCI (80mg).Local tissue concentrations of Dm‐Na‐P were higher than those that would be obtained by systematic therapy and lower than would be obtained by injection.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: March 2008

Book reviews in this article: CECIL TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE (15th Ed.). P. Beeson, W. McDermott, J. Wyngaarden, Editors. MODERN TOPICS IN PAEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY. Julian Verbov, Editor. GENERAL DERMATOLOGY. Franklin S. Glickman. CUTANEOUS IMMUNOPATHOLOGY. J. Thivolet and D. Schmitt, Editors
Toxic Shock Syndrome in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Findlay Robert F. , Odom Richard B. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:A case of toxic shock syndrome with attendant clinical and laboratory abnormalities is presented. The coexistence of systemic lupus erythematosus in this patient emphasizes the need to consider this in the differential diagnosis. Since a broad spectrum of disease severity does exist and cutaneous manifestations are often prominent, milder forms of this syndrome may present to the dermatologist for evaluation.
Acquired and Inherited Porphyria:
Authors: Magnin P. H. , del C. Batlle A. M. , de Xifra E. A. Wider , Lenczner M. , Parera V. E. , Steela A. M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Inheritance in 30 cases of porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) and their relatives was investigated. Seventeen families were studied using the clinical criteria, quantitation and thin layer chromatography of urinary porphyrins. Thirteen families (13 propositus and 48 relatives) were investigated by using the above criteria and in vitro porphyrin biosynthesis by erythrocytes from δ‐aminolevulinic acid. Three different types of PCT were identified: overt, subclinical and latent. Among 61 members examined, 13 had overt PCI. In six families, ten members had subclinical PCT and six latent PCT showing that in these six families PCT was a hereditary disorder. In seven other families inheritance could not be demonstrated.
Treatment of Generalized Scleroderma with Inhibitors of Collagen Synthesis
Authors: Asboe‐Hansen Gustav 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Clinical evaluation of scleroderma and the urinary excretion of collagen specific amino acids and uronic acid indicate disease activity and have become a guide for the treatment. During an experimental search for inhibitors of the synthesis of collagen and ground substance glycosaminoglycans, a few connective‐tissue active agents were selected for therapy of scleroderma: D‐penicilamine, benzyl‐penicillin‐diethylamino‐ethylester‐hydroiodide, l‐glutamine, hydralazine, glucocorticoids, dextro‐thyroxine, l‐dopa, diphenylhydantoin, chlorpromazine, and (+) catechine. Treatment for several years was required to bring about an arrest of progression in 89% of the patients, a regression in three‐quarters, and subtotal or total recovery in more than 40%. Indications of favorable prognosis are youth, short disease history, a high total dose of agent, and long duration of the treatment.
Book Reviews
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: March 2008

Book reviews in this article: ANDREWS' DISEASES OE THE SKIN. Anthony N. Domonkos, Harry L. Arnold, Jr., and Richard B. Odom. VASCULITIS. K. Wolff, and R. K. Winkelmann. COSMETIC SCIENCE, Volume 2. M. M. Breuer, Editor.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: March 2008

Book reviews in this article: THE EPIDERMIS IN DISEASE. R. Marks and E. Christophers. AMERICAN MEDICINE IN TRANSITION 1840–1910. John S. Haller Jr. CLINICAL PEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY. Sidney Hurwitz. LABORATORY MEDICAL MYCOLOGY. Yousef Al‐Doory.
Idiopathic Deciduous Skin
Authors: Panja Salil K. , Sengupta Sujit 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Five patients are described with more or less continuous peeling of the skin aggravating in summer months. No family members are affected and consanguinity among parents of affected individuals is not seen. Characteristically the palms, soles, mucous membrane, and scalp are spared from shedding. Generally the patients look dirty and occasional erythema and vesiculation occur. Both sexes are affected equally. The disease does not start at birth and the onset may be delayed. Histopathologic examination shows subcorneal reparation of bulla formation without acantholysis. The stratum corneum appears very loose and shows little hyperkeratosis (or‐thokeratosis). Treatment is ineffective except mild keratolytics give cosmetic improvement. Etiology remains unknown. An autoimmune mechanism may be implicated. The authors propose the name ‘idinpathic deciduous skin’ for this distinct new dermatologic entity.
Clindamycin Phosphate Used in Combination with Tretinoin in the Treatment of Acne
Authors: Rietschel Robert L. , Duncan Susan H. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Sixty‐four patients with acne were studied to evaluate the irritancy, tolerance, and systemic absorption of topical 1 % clindamycin phosphate when combined with tretinoin gel 0.025% as compared to either agent alone. All these treatment regimens were effective and well‐tolerated. Clindamycin alone was less irritating than tretinoin alone or tretinoin combined with clindamycin. The combination treatment produced fewer complaints from patients than tretinoin alone. No systemic absorption of clindamycin was detected after two weeks and eight weeks of usage.
Symptomatic Neurosyphilis
Authors: Lee Jung Bock , Kim Soo Chan , Lee Sungnack , Whang Kyung Hee , Choi Il Saing 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:We observed 24 patients with symptomatic neurosyphilis. Of the 24 patients, nine had clinical manifestations of general paresis, seven tabetic neurosyphilis, five meningovascular neurosyphilis, one taboparetic, one tabomeningovascular, and one spinal neurosyphilis. Confusion, disorientation, lancinating pain, impaired memory, and bizzare behavior were the most prevalent symptoms. Sensitivity of the CSF FTA‐ABS test was higher (96%) than that of the CSF VDRL test (79%). CSF cell count and total protein determination may be inadequate for assessing activity of neurosyphilis.
Asymptomatic Neurosyphilis
Authors: Dijkstra Jacob W. E. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Lumbar puncture was performed in 18 patients with latent syphilis to rule out asymptomatic neurosyphilis. In seven patients the CSF findings were abnormal. The parameters used in CSF were cell count, total protein, immunoglobulins (IgC, IgA, IgM), IgG index, and serologic tests for syphilis (VDRL, Kolmer, RPCF and FTA‐ABS, including monospecific IgC and IgM conjugates). In three patients, the CSF findings 7–10 months after treatment are also given. Penicillin levels in serum and CSF were determined in two patients after aqueous procaine penicilline C in with and without oral probenecid. The effect of blood contamination on the differentiation between normal and abnormal CSF may not be significant.
Histopathological Aid at the Diagnosis of the Ehlers‐Danlos Syndrome, Gravis and Mitis Types
Authors: Pierard G. E. , Pierard‐Franchimont C. , Lapiere C. M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:The Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome is commonly divided into al least 8 types according to clinical, genetic, and biochemical aspects. We propose histological criteria that would permit a more precise diagnosis of the gravis and mitis types. In the gravis type, collagen bundles are thin and rare in the dermis and hypodermal septae; in polarized light, they are less refringent than in normal skin. This is associated with an increase in the relative proportion of elastic fibers. In the mitis type, the looseness of the collagen network is much less evident; elastic fibers are not in excess but irregular in size, shape, distribution, and orientation.
T‐Lymphocyte Subsets in Leprosy
Authors: Gonzalez‐Amaro Roberto , Moncada Benjamin , Loredeo Carmen E. , de Lourdes Baranda Maria 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Immunologic abnormalities in T cells have been reported in patients with lepromatous leprosy. Ten patients with leprosy (eight lepromatous, one dimorphous, one tuber‐culoid) were studied in order to detect the proportions of total T lymphocytes and helper as well as suppressor subsets, using monoclonal antibodies in an indirect immunofluorescence test. Percentages of total T cells, suppressor cells, as well as helper subsets were similar in leprosy patients as compared with age‐matched controls. This study could be considered a preliminary one to be followed by functional assays.
Percutaneous Absorption of Clindamycin in the Pig and the Rat
Authors: Gray J. E. , Stern K. , Weaver R. , Larsen E. R. , Newman F. , Metzler C. M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Clindamycin HCI in a 3% formulation was applied twice daily to the back skin of three white (Yorkshire) and three black (Hampshire) pigs for 22 days. Partial thickness samples of skin were obtained by use of a dermatome on shaved opposite sides at 4 hours and 5 days posttreatment. More than twice the antibiotic activity (P ≤ .001) was found in thinner (254μm epidermis) samples than in thicker (1016 μm epidermis and dermis, 1 to 3) samples. A significantly higher content of antibiotic (P = 0.015) was retained in the skin of black pigs at five days posttreatment. Croups of ten Upjohn Sprague‐Dawley rats were treated similarly with clindamycin phosphate in a 3 % formulation three times daily for 22 days. At termination of treatment antibiotic activity was widely distributed, whereas at five days posttreatment residual activity was confined largely to samples of treated skin. No cutaneous irritation due to treatment was observed in either study.
Percutaneous Absorption, Blood Levels, and Urinary Excretion of Resorcinol Applied Topically in Humans
Authors: Yeung David , Kantor Stuart , Nacht Sergio , Gans Eugene H. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:The absorption and metabolic disposition of 2% resort mot applied topically in a hydroalcoholic vehicle was determined in three human subjects. The drug penetrated the skin at a rate of 0.37μg/cm2/hour. After 2 weeks of bid application of 800 mg resorcinol to about 30% of body surface each subject, an average of 1.64% of the dosage was being excreted in 24‐hour urine specimens as the glucuronide or as the sulfate conjugate. There was no resorcinol in blood drawn at weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4, nor were there any abnormalities w thyroid function or blood chemistries at weeks, 2, 3, and 4. Resorcinol (2%) appears safe for topical use in humans.
Lemon Juice, Sunlight, and Tattoos
Authors: Chapel J. L. , Leonard M. W. , Millikan Larry E. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:In folklore, tattoos are thought to fade if rubbed with lemon juice and exposed to sunlight. The authors tested this hypothesis on shaved, tattooed rats. Tattooed controls were used. Additional substances and conditions were included in the study (tretinoin gel, liquid nitrogen, and dermabrasion). The authors conclude that India ink tattoos do not fade significantly with sunlight and lemon juice nor with the application of tretinoin gel, liquid nitrogen, or combinations thereof.
Darier's Disease in Twins
Authors: Mohd Kader Naina 
Published: March 2008

A 27‐year‐old, unmarried twin woman of the ethnic Malay presented with numerous tiny, firm, rough‐textured papules distributed symetrically over the faceb, neck, and chest for 13 years (Figs. 1 and 2) A few areas were covered with yellowish crusts and were slightly malodorous. The lesions burned and itched during warm weather and while sweating. Subungual hyperkeratosis and V‐shaped ridging of the nails were noted. There was no history of similar disease in the family.Both twins were of small stature and had normal menstrual cycles. The first twin weighed 31 kg and measured 59 cm in height. Her rolled fingerprints showed a total ridge count of 130. Her eyes were myopic, which was corrected by a – 12.5 lens on the right and a –5.5 lens on the left. She had divergent strabismus. Skin biopsy of the lesion showed hyperkeratosis and suprabasal cleft formation. Marked dyskeratosis was the feature with corps and ronds, grains, and acanthelytic cells. The histologic picture was characteristic of Darier's disease. This twin had type B blood, anti‐D Rh positive, and the genotype was CDe/CDe (R1 R1). The second twin was 31 kg in weight and 59 cm in height. Rolled fingerprints showed a ridge count of 126. She, too, had myopia, which was corrected by –8.5 lens on the right eye and –5.5 lens on the left. Her laboratory tests showed blood group B, anti‐D, Rh positive, and genotype CDe/CDe (R1 R1). Biopsy of the lesion showed microscopic features of Darier's disease.
Tall Fescue Adaptation to Low Nitrogen Fertilization in Relation to Germplasm Type and Endophyte Infection
Authors: Pecetti L. , Romani M. , Annicchiarico P. , Piano E. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractEfficient crop growth with low nitrogen (N) application is becoming a requirement to face the concern on excessive N emission to the environment and the increasing cost of fertilizers. This study compared six natural populations and three improved varieties of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) for dry‐matter yield over 4 years under ordinary N fertilization (450 kg ha−1 in the 4 years) and very low N fertilization (only 40 kg ha−1 prior to sowing). Both endophyte‐infected (EI) and endophyte‐free (EF) forms of each accession were sown. On average, ordinary fertilization implied 30 % higher yield than very low fertilization and the EI germplasm outyielded the corresponding EF germplasm (+4.4 %). Mean yield of improved varieties was higher than that of natural populations under ordinary fertilization (P < 0.05), whereas the two germplasm groups did not differ under very low fertilization. Accession × N fertilization interaction was found among natural populations but not among varieties (P < 0.05). A few natural populations were top‐yielding under very low fertilization and may be exploited, possibly in combination with endophyte infection, to select tall fescue varieties with enhanced performance under limited N application.