bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PDGF‐B signaling is important for murine cardiac development: Its role in developing atrioventricular valves, coronaries, and cardiac innervation
Authors: Van den Akker Nynke M.S. , Winkel Leah C.J. , Nisancioglu Maya H. , Maas Saskia , Wisse Lambertus J. , Armulik Annika , Poelmann Robert E. , Lie‐Venema Heleen , Betsholtz Christer , Gittenberger‐de Groot Adriana C. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractWe hypothesized that PDGF‐B/PDGFR‐β‐signaling is important in the cardiac contribution of epicardium‐derived cells and cardiac neural crest, cell lineages crucial for heart development. We analyzed hearts of different embryonic stages of both Pdgf‐b−/− and Pdgfr‐β−/− mouse embryos for structural aberrations with an established causal relation to defective contribution of these cell lineages. Immunohistochemical staining for αSMA, periostin, ephrinB2, EphB4, VEGFR‐2, Dll1, and NCAM was performed on wild‐type and knockout embryos. We observed that knockout embryos showed perimembranous and muscular ventricular septal defects, maldevelopment of the atrioventricular cushions and valves, impaired coronary arteriogenesis, and hypoplasia of the myocardium and cardiac nerves. The abnormalities correspond with models in which epicardial development is impaired and with neuronal neural crest–related innervation deficits. This implies a role for PDGF‐B/PDGFR‐β‐signaling specifically in the contribution of these cell lineages to cardiac development. Developmental Dynamics 237:494–503, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Processing biases in eating disorders: The impact of temporal factors
Authors: Lee Michelle , Shafran Roz 
Published: January 2008

AbstractObjective:Previous research has indicated that temporal factors [specifically, the duration of interstimulus intervals (ISI) during a threat processing task] may influence the nature of processing biases exhibited in nonclinical populations with some degree of eating disorder psychopathology (Meyer et al., Int J Eat Disord, 27, 405–410, 2000). The current study aimed to test this hypothesis by investigating attentional biases for eating‐disorder‐relevant images and irrelevant visual images (animals) in patients with eating disorders (n = 23) and psychiatric (n = 19) and nonpsychiatric (n = 65) controls.Method:A dot probe task was modified from previous research (Shafran et al., Int J Eat Disord, 40, 369–380, 2007), whereby an original ISI of 500 ms was increased to 2,000 ms.Results:Patients with an eating disorder continued to display a bias in the processing of weight stimuli. However, biases noted in previous research for shape and weight stimuli disappeared when the ISI duration was increased in this way.Conclusion:These findings highlight the importance of temporal factors in whether processing biases are displayed and may point to ways in which biases actually work in this population. However, further research is warranted. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2008
Influence of overanxious disorder of childhood on the expression of anorexia nervosa
Authors: Raney T.J. , Thornton Laura M. , Berrettini Wade , Brandt Harry , Crawford Steven , Fichter Manfred M. , Halmi Katherine A. , Johnson Craig , Kaplan Allan S. , LaVia Maria , Mitchell James , Rotondo Alessandro , Strober Michael , Woodside D. Blake , Kaye Walter H. , Bulik Cynthia M. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractObjective:Childhood anxiety often precedes the onset of anorexia nervosa (AN) and may mark a liability to the emergence of an eating disorder for some women. This study investigates the prevalence of overanxious disorder (OAD) among women with AN and explores how OAD impacts AN symptoms and personality traits.Method:Participants were 637 women with AN who completed an eating disorders history, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV Axis I Disorders, and assessments for childhood anxiety, eating disorder attitudes, and associated personality traits.Results:Of 249 women (39.1%) reporting a history of OAD, 235 (94.4%) met criteria for OAD before meeting criteria for AN. In comparison to those without OAD, women with AN and OAD self‐reported more extreme personality traits and attitudes and they engaged in more compensatory behaviors.Conclusion:Among individuals with AN, those entering AN on a pathway via OAD present with more severe eating disorder pathology. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2008
Reactions of the Doubly Bridged Bis(cyclopentadienyl) Dinuclear Molybdenum Complex (Me2C)(Me2Si)[(η5‐C5H3)Mo(CO)3]2 with a Carboxylate‐Substituted Allene
Authors: Li Bin , Zhang Congying , Xu Shansheng , Song Haibin , Wang Baiquan 
Published: January 2008

AbstractReaction of the doubly bridged bis(cyclopentadienyl) dinuclear molybdenum complex (Me2C)(Me2Si)[(η5‐C5H3)Mo(CO)3]2 (1) with equivalent molar amount of allene H2C=C=CHCO2Me in refluxing toluene gave four products: complex (Me2C)(Me2Si)[(η5‐C5H3)2Mo2(CO)4(μ‐η2‐η2‐HC≡CCH2CO2Me)] (3) (10 %) with a crosswise substituted alkyne bridge, η2‐η2‐HC≡CCH2CO2Me derived from a 1,3‐hydrogen shift of H2C=C=CHCO2Me, complex (Me2C)(Me2Si)[(η5‐C5H3)2Mo2(CO)2(O)2{μ‐η1‐η3‐C(CO2Me)CHCH2}] (6) (16 %) with a bridging η1,η3‐C(CO2Me)CHCH2 allylic group, and allene C–C coupled complexes (Me2C)(Me2Si)[(η5‐C5H3)2Mo2(CO)4{μ‐η3‐η3‐{MeO2CCH(CH2)C}(CHCHCHCO2Me)}](4) (7 %) and (Me2C)(Me2Si)[(η5‐C5H3)2Mo2(CO)4{μ‐η3‐η3‐{MeO2CCH(CH2)C}2}] (5) (13 %), in which the two allene molecules were coupled in head‐to‐center and center‐to‐center coupling modes, respectively. When 1 was treated with an excess amount of H2C=C=CHCO2Me, only C–C coupled products 4 (10 %) and 5 (22 %) were obtained. In comparison, reaction of the singly bridged bis(cyclopentadienyl) dinuclear molybdenum complex (Me2C)[(η5‐C5H4)Mo(CO)3]2 (2) with H2C=C=CHCO2Me only gave the η2‐η2 coordinated complex (Me2C)[(η5‐C5H4)Mo2(CO)4(μ‐η2‐η2‐H2CCCHCO2Me)] (7) (21 %). These results marked the different reactivities of doubly bridged bis(cyclopentadienyl) dinuclear molybdenum complex 1 and the corresponding singly bridged analogue 2. The formation of these complexes was discussed and the molecular structures of 3–7 were determined by X‐ray diffraction. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Methylene‐Bridged Analogs of the Potent Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonist Rimonabant
Authors: Ślusarczyk Magdalena , De Borggraeve Wim M. , Hoornaert Georges , Deroose Frederik , Linders Joannes T. M. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractMethylene‐bridged analogs of rimonabant were synthesized and evaluated for their activity on CB1 receptors. The pyrazine derivative showed some activity as a CB1 antagonist. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Peroxodisulfate as a chemical initiator for methacrylate‐ester monolithic columns for capillary electrochromatography
Authors: Cantó‐Mirapeix Amparo , Herrero‐Martínez Jose M. , Benavente David , Mongay‐Fernández Carlos , Simó‐Alfonso Ernesto F. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractOrganic monolithic stationary phases for CEC were synthesized in situ in fused‐silica capillaries. Polymerization mixtures were composed of butyl methacrylate, ethylene dimethacrylate, and [2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethyl ammonium chloride in the presence of a porogenic solvent, using ammonium peroxodisulfate as chemical initiator, and N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethylenediamine to activate the reaction. The influence of the amount of initiator, temperature, and composition of porogenic solvent on the physical and chromatographic properties of monolithic stationary phases has been investigated. A minimum plate height of 14.5 μm was obtained at 18 wt% of 1,4‐butanediol in the polymerization mixture. The produced monolithic stationary phases exhibited a good repeatability and batch‐to‐batch and mixture‐to‐mixture reproducibility, with RSD values below 5.6% in the electrochromatographic parameters studied. A comparison with columns prepared by thermal initiation with α,α′‐azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) was also performed. The most efficient column initiated with peroxodisulfate showed better efficiencies and selectivities than that prepared with AIBN at the same composition mixture.
Dual task interference in implicit sequence learning by young and old adults
Authors: Nejati V. , Garusi Farshi M. T. , Ashayeri H. , Aghdasi M. T. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBackground and aimsMotor sequence is the focus of too much of human's intelligent behavior. It is well‐known that such sequential skills involve chaining a number of primitive actions together. Cognitive aging is the part of aging that causes decreased cognitive ability of the elderly such as learning. The aim of this research was evaluation of the attention‐based demand for implicit sequence learning in youth and elderly.MethodIn the first phase of research we designed software for the serial reaction time task. This software registered errors and Response Time (RT) in response to sequential stimulus. We have compared youth (n = 15) and elderly (n = 15) in two groups. Tasks were defined in 10 blocks, the first and the sixth block were random and the other blocks were sequential. ANOVA was used to compare response times and errors in different blocks, paired t‐tests were used to compare regular and irregular blocks and independent t‐tests were used to compare youth and elderly.ResultsResults showed that RT and error decrease only in youth in regular and irregular blocks. Odd ball tasks performance did not have any significant difference.ConclusionsImplicit learning in the elderly is affected by attention. Therapists should not use cognitive tasks for overloading durin motor learning in rehabilitation and exercise therapy of older adults. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quality of life in older Belgian people: comparison between people with dementia, mild cognitive impairment, and controls
Authors: Missotten Pierre , Squelard Gilles , Ylieff Michel , Di Notte David , Paquay Louis , De Lepeleire Jan , Fontaine Ovide 
Published: January 2008

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the sensitivity of the ‘Alzheimer's Disease Related Quality of Life’ instrument (ADRQL) applied to Belgian people with dementia (n = 357), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 36), and controls (n = 72). We also determined the clinical parameters that influence the quality of life (QOL) of people with dementia.MethodEach subject was evaluated with the ADRQL, the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the cognitive scale of the Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly (CAMCOG), the Katz's ADL classification (ADL), the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), the Behavior Rating Scale for Dementia (CERAD/BRSD), and the Clinical Dementia Rating/Modified (CDR‐M).ResultsThe ADRQL showed that QOL of the dementia group (65.77 ± 17.04) was significantly inferior to that of the MCI (82.11 ± 13.31) and control groups (79.75 ± 15.82). There were no significant differences between the MCI and control groups. Within the dementia group, the five ADRQL subscale results were similar to those reported in other studies. Gender, age and place of residence had no significant influence on ADRQL scores. In contrast, ADRQL scores correlated significantly with MMSE, CAMCOG, IADL, ADL, CERAD/BRSD, and CDR‐M. The MMSE and CERAD/BRSD were significant predictors of ADRQL variability.ConclusionsQOL of people with dementia is inferior to that of people with MCI and controls. This demonstrates the ADRQL instrument is sufficiently sensitive for evaluating the QOL of people with dementia. Longitudinal studies are needed to specifically examine the rate of QOL evolution throughout the entire dementia process. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evolution of a paradigm for free tissue transfer reconstruction of lateral temporal bone defects
Authors: Rosenthal Eben L. , King Teresa , McGrew Benjamin M. , Carroll William , Magnuson J. Scott , Wax Mark K. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBackgroundTumors of the lateral skull base are best treated with surgery plus or minus radiation thereapy. Surgical ablation may involve cutaneous structures, the auricle, the parotid, and the lateral temporal bone. These composite soft tissue defects are best reconstructed with composite tissue. Multiple pedicled flaps have been used to reconstruct these defects. Free flaps have been shown to provide the best tissue for these reconstructions. We review our experience and present an algorithm for their reconstruction.MethodsA case series of consecutive patients treated between 1999 and 2006 at 2 tertiary care institutions, Oregon Health and Science University and University of Alabama at Birmingham were reviewed. There were 73 patients who had periauricular defects requiring 74 free tissue transfers in this retrospective chart review. All defects had extensive cutaneous loss and underwent some form of parotidectomy. There were 57 lateral temporal bone defects and 16 periauricular defects where the external auditory canal was preserved. The majority of patients had nonmelanoma skin malignancies (65%). Eighty percent of patients had undergone previous treatment (radiation therapy, surgery, or a combination therof).ResultsEarly on, reconstruction was performed using a radial forearm (RFFF, n = 29), evolving to lateral arm (n = 6), rectus (n = 11), and finally an anterolateral thigh (ALT, n = 28) free flap. The average hospital stay was 6 days, and the overall complication rate was 22%. The rectus flap needed debulking in 34% of patients, and the anterolateral thigh in 9%. Periauricular defects were classified based on preservation of the external auditory canal (class I), lateral temporal bone resection with preservation of the auricle (class II), or lateral temporal bone with total auriculectomy (class III).ConclusionClass I defects were best managed by RFFF reconstruction, class II defects were managed well with the ALT flap, and class III defects required the ALT or rectus flap. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008
Malignant paraganglioma caused by a novel germline mutation of the succinate dehydrogenase D‐gene—A case report
Authors: Papaspyrou Konstantinos , Rossmann Heidi , Fottner Christian , Weber Matthias M. , Mann Wolf , Lackner Karl J. , Helling Kai 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBackgroundParagangliomas of the head and neck are rare, mostly benign tumors. Approximately 10% to 15% of paragangliomas are caused by mutations in the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) genes B, C, or D. These are often multifocal as part of paraganglioma syndromes and hormone secreting, and malignant particularly associated with mutations in SDHB.Methods and ResultsA 29‐year‐old man was seen with recurrent paraganglioma. The patient's father reportedly suffered from bilateral carotid body tumors. Imaging studies showed metastases in both lungs and the liver. There was no increased hormone production by the tumor. Sequence analysis of the SDH genes revealed a novel C to T nonsense mutation in the first exon of the SDHD gene (R17X).ConclusionsA novel mutation in the SDHD gene associated with malignant paraganglioma is reported. This case underscores the relevance of family history and genetic analysis, thus permitting early detection of unaffected carriers. These have to be monitored clinically, biochemically and by imaging techniques. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008
Investigation of tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis leakage patterns: Patient's self‐report versus clinician's confirmation
Authors: Acton Lynn M. , Ross Douglas A. , Sasaki Clarence T. , Leder Steven B. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated the patient's self‐report and clinician's confirmation of tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis leakage patterns (through or around) with or without the cough reflex and whether prosthesis diameter affected the leakage route.MethodsSixty‐six consecutive participants with a total of 200 patient‐initiated reasons for prosthesis changes were enrolled prospectively. Patient's self‐report of leakage and cough reflex were recorded prior to clinician's confirmation.ResultsOne‐hundred eight (54%) of the 200 patient‐initiated reasons for prosthesis changes were leakage through or around the voice prosthesis. Leakage was unrecognized in 21 (23%) of 92 instances, even though 15 (71%) of those 21 instances exhibited a cough reflex. Clinician's confirmed leakage in 118 (59%) of 200 patient‐initiated reasons for prosthesis changes. Coughing occurred significantly less with leakage around (9 [53%] of 17 instances) than that with leakage through the voice prosthesis (80 [88%] of 91 instances) (χ2 [1, N = 108], p < .05). Leakage around the voice prosthesis occurred more with 20‐Fr diameter prostheses (16 [76%] of 21 instances).ConclusionsPatient education is important for reliable identification of leakage for prompt prosthesis replacement. Leakage around the voice prosthesis can be minimized or avoided by initially fitting and continuing the use of smaller diameter (16 Fr) voice prostheses. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008
Morphofunctional alterations in testicular cells of deslorelin‐treated boars: an immunohistochemical study
Authors: Kopera Ilona , Tuz Ryszard , Kotula‐Balak Malgorzata , Schwarz Tomasz , Koczanowski Jozef , Bilinska Barbara 
Published: January 2008

AbstractIn this study we thoroughly scrutinized testes morphology and investigated whether treatment of recipient boars with gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH)‐agonist deslorelin could alter the expression of 3β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β‐HSD), luteinizing hormone receptors (LHRs), and androgen receptors (ARs) in testicular cells. An implant containing 4.7 mg of the GnRH‐agonist deslorelin was subcutaneously inserted into crossbred male pigs at 91 and 147 days of age. Testicular traits, morphology of the testes, the proteins' expression, and testosterone concentration in blood plasma were analyzed in all boars after slaughter at 175 days of age. Histological analysis revealed significant alterations in both the interstitial tissue and seminiferous tubules of experimental animals after 28 and 84 days of deslorelin treatment. The intensity of the AR immunostaining within the testis appeared as a function of the severity of testicular dysgenesis. Time‐dependent action of deslorelin on the expression of LHR and 3β‐HSD in Leydig cells was also detected. Staining for LHR and 3β‐HSD was very weak or the Leydig cells were immunonegative. Concomitantly, a significant decrease in plasma testosterone level was found in both groups of deslorelin‐treated boars when compared with the control group. This is the first report showing the cellular distribution of AR, LHR, and 3β‐HSD in testicular cells of deslorelin‐treated boars. It is concluded that morphological and immunohistochemical studies are important for the evaluation of testicular histoarchitecture and steroidogenic function. Subsequently, the endocrine control of reproduction in the GnRH‐agonist deslorelin‐treated males will be better understood. J. Exp. Zool. 309A:117–126, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Early aspects of gonadal sex differentiation in Xenopus tropicalis with reference to an antero‐posterior gradient
Authors: El Jamil Anwar , Magre Solange , Mazabraud André , Penrad‐Mobayed May 
Published: January 2008

AbstractIn an effort to contribute to the development of Xenopus tropicalis as an amphibian model system, we carried out a detailed histological analysis of the process of gonadal sex differentiation and were able to find evidence that gonadal differentiation in X. tropicalis follows an antero‐posterior gradient. Although the main reason for the presence of a gradient of sex differentiation is still unknown, this gradient enabled us to define the early events that signal ovarian and testicular differentiation and to identify the undifferentiated gonad structure. Given the various advantages of this emerging model, our work paves the way for experiments that should contribute to our understanding of the dynamics and mechanisms of gonadal sex differentiation in amphibians. J. Exp. Zool. 309A:127–137, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interaction of impacts of doubling CO2 and changing regional land‐cover on evaporation, precipitation, and runoff at global and regional scales
Authors: Li Zhao , Mölders Nicole 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe Community Climate System Model version 2.0.1 is running for 40 years under 355 ppm CO2 conditions, without and with natural and anthropogenic land‐cover changes that are assumed in the inner core of four hydrothermally different, but similar‐sized (≈3.27x106 km2) regions (Yukon, Ob, St. Lawrence, Colorado, and lands adjacent to them). A further set of simulations assumes 710 ppm CO2 conditions without and with these land‐cover changes. Impacts of (1) doubled CO2, (2) changed land‐cover, and (3) the interaction between doubled CO2 and changed land‐cover on the four regional water cycles are elucidated using analysis of variance plus multiple testing. For the Yukon, Ob, and St. Lawrence regions, doubling CO2 significantly increases precipitation, evapotranspiration, and residence time nearly year‐round; the opposite is true for precipitation and evapotranspiration in Colorado. In general, doubling CO2 slows down water cycles regardless of land‐cover changes. Since land‐cover changes occur locally, they more strongly affect regional than global water cycling. Sometimes land‐cover changes alone reduce regional‐scale precipitation and evapotranspiration. Water‐cycle changes of comparable absolute magnitude can occur in response to either changed land‐cover or doubled CO2. Significant interactions between the two treatments indicate that local land‐cover changes, even if they have little impact under reference climate conditions, may have substantial regional impact in a warmer climate. Increased residence time after doubling CO2 indicates a generally increased influence of upwind regions on downwind regions. If land‐cover changes occur concurrently with CO2 changes, they will have farther‐reaching impact than under reference CO2 conditions. Thus, due to atmospheric transport the interaction between impact of land‐cover changes and CO2 doubling on water‐cycle‐relevant quantities may occur even in regions with unchanged land‐cover. A sensitivity study for tripled CO2 showed similar results, but more pronounced slowed‐down regional water cycles and interaction of the two treatments. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Novel Biomimetic Adhesives Based on Algae Glue
Authors: Bitton Ronit , Bianco‐Peled Havazelet 
Published: January 2008

AbstractInspired by the remarkable adhesive capabilities to wet surfaces of the secretes of the brown alga Fucus serratus, novel glues have been designed and characterized. Formulations composed of phloroglucinol, alginate, and calcium ions are capable of adhering to a variety of surfaces. Rheological data show that the presence of phloroglucinol lowers the amount of Ca2+ ions required for sol‐gel transition, which indicates interactions between the alginate and the phloroglucinol. SAXS data support this claim. The phloroglucinol adhesive binds porcine tissues together with an adhesive strength of 17–25 kPa, which indicates appropriate mechanical properties for application as a soft tissue adhesive.magnified image