bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symmetry energy and neutron star properties constrained by chiral effective field theory calculations
Authors: Lim Yeunhwan , Schwenk Achim 
Published: March 2024

We investigate the nuclear symmetry energy and neutron star properties using a Bayesian analysis based on constraints from different chiral effective field theory calculations using new energy density functionals that allow for large variations at high densities. Constraints at high densities are included from observations of GW170817 and from NICER. In particular, we show that both NICER analyses lead to very similar posterior results for the symmetry energy and neutron star properties when folded into our equation-of-state framework. Using the posteriors, we provide results for the symmetry energy and the slope parameter, as well as for the proton fraction, the speed of sound, and the central density in neutron stars. Moreover, we explore correlations of neutron star radii with the pressure and the speed of sound in neutron stars. Our 95% credibility ranges for the symmetry energy Sv, the slope parameter L, and the radius of a 1.4M⊙ neutron star, R1.4, are Sv=(30.6–33.9)MeV, L=(43.7–70.0)MeV, and R1.4=(11.6–13.2)km. Our analysis for the proton fraction shows that larger and/or heavier neutron stars are more likely to cool rapidly via the direct Urca process. Within our equation-of-state framework a maximum mass of neutron stars Mmax>2.1M⊙ indicates that the speed of sound needs to exceed the conformal limit.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Varying entropy degrees of freedom effects in low-scale leptogenesis
Authors: Karamitros Dimitrios , McKelvey Thomas , Pilaftsis Apostolos 
Published: March 2024

We analyze in detail the effect of varying entropy degrees of freedom on low-scale leptogenesis models. As an archetypal model, we consider the triresonant leptogensis (TRL) scenario introduced recently by the authors, where the neutrino-Yukawa coupling matrix is dictated by an approximate Zn discrete symmetry (with n=3, 6). TRL models exhibit no preferred direction in the leptonic flavor space and have the remarkable feature that leptogenesis can successfully take place even if all light neutrinos are strictly massless up to one-loop order. Most interestingly, for TRL scenarios with heavy Majorana neutrinos lighter than 100 GeV, temperature varying degrees of freedom associated with the entropy of the plasma have a dramatic impact on the predictions of the baryon asymmetry in the Universe (BAU), and may depend on the freeze-out sphaleron temperature Tsph. We find that this is a generic feature of most freeze-out low-scale leptogenesis models discussed in the literature. In the same context, we consider heavy-neutrino scenarios realizing dynamics related to critical unstable qudits in the thermal plasma and assess their significance in generating the BAU. The phenomenological implications of TRL scenarios at the intensity and high-energy frontiers are analyzed.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Unpacking the career transition process of returning women professionals in the Indian workplaces: a qualitative study
Authors: Das Seema , Jha Sumi , Datta Sumita 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore the career transition process of women professionals when they return to the workplace after a break and re-integrate with their career aspirations.

Design/methodology/approach
This research used a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews for data collection. All 20 women participants have returned to their careers after a break.

Findings
The data analysis reveals women’s career transition and re-integration process into the workplace after a career break. Supervisory support, work–life balance practices, role models, coworker support and career success emerged as factors enabling successful transition. The employing organisations’ diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) hiring strategy emerged as an important mechanism for re-entry.

Originality/value
Although previous research has studied women professionals returning after a break, the “transition process” that enables re-entry is missing.
Identifying capabilities and constraints in utilizing blockchain technology in hospitality and tourism
Authors: Acikgoz Fulya , Stylos Nikolaos , Lythreatis Sophie 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study synthesises the body of research revolving around blockchain technology (BCT) whilst drawing on the technology-organization-environment framework, resource-based theory and theory of constraints, to conceptualize capabilities (enablers) and constraints (barriers) of BCT in the hospitality and tourism (H&T) industry.

Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature review of BCT in the hotel and tourism industry has been achieved through two databases, i.e. Scopus and Web of Science. From 544 articles selected between the years 2008 and 2023 (first quarter), a sample of 49 articles was used to structure existing research on this subject.

Findings
The findings of this systematic literature review of BCT in the H&T literature establish a solid groundwork for assessing the evolution of this research area over time. Findings are classified into two groups: capabilities (enablers) and constraints (barriers) of BCT based on publication year, different research methods, theoretical underpinnings and applicable contexts.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the first attempts to synthesize studies related to BCT in H&T research by combining three theoretical approaches. It serves as a foundation to evaluate the development of BCT studies in this field.
Customer search strategies of entrepreneurial telehealth firms – how effective is effectuation?
Authors: Pinnock Susanna , Evers Natasha , Hoholm Thomas 
Published: March 2024

PurposeThe demand for healthcare innovation is increasing, and not much is known about how entrepreneurial firms search for and sell to customers in the highly regulated and complex healthcare market. Drawing on effectuation perspectives, we explore how entrepreneurial digital healthcare firms with disruptive innovations search for early customers in the healthcare sector.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a qualitative, longitudinal multiple-case design of four entrepreneurial Nordic telehealth firms. In-depth interviews were conducted with founders and senior managers over a period of 27 months.FindingsWe find that when customer buying conditions are highly flexible, case firms use effectual logic to generate customer demand for disruptive innovations. However, under constrained buying conditions firms adopt a more causal approach to customer search.Practical implicationsManagers need to gain a deep understanding of target buying environments when searching for customers. In healthcare sector markets, the degree of flexibility customers have over buying can constrain them from engaging in demand co-creation. In particular, healthcare customer access to funding streams can be a key determinant of customer flexibility.Originality/valueWe contribute to effectuation literature by illustrating how customer buying conditions influence decision-making logics of entrepreneurial firms searching for customers in the healthcare sector. We contribute to entrepreneurial resource search literature by illustrating how entrepreneurial firms search for customers beyond their networks in the institutionally complex healthcare sector.
Community startup businesses: the impact of big five personality traits and social media technology acceptance on group buying leaders
Authors: Liu Anne Yenching , Botella Carrubi Maria Dolores , Blanco González-Tejero Cristina 
Published: March 2024

PurposeThis study investigates how personality traits influence individuals’ intention to become community group buying (CGB) leaders.Design/methodology/approachData include 517 valid questionnaires that are employed to examine the research model and test the hypotheses using partial least squares structural equation modeling.FindingsThis study reveals that among the Big Five personality traits, extroversion and neuroticism have more impact on the perceived ease of use and usefulness of social media, and individuals with high levels of these traits are more likely to become CGB leaders. Perceived ease of use only mediates the relationship between agreeableness and CGB leader intention, whereas perceived usefulness mediates the relationships between conscientiousness and CGB leader intention and neuroticism and CGB leader intention.Originality/valueThis study can serve as a catalyst for advancing the exploration of how personality traits and social media affect the intention of being CGB leaders. In addition, the study investigates the mediating effect of social media technology acceptance obtaining valuable insights into how social media affects individuals’ intention to become CGB leaders, expanding the research in this field.Highlights(1)Individuals with extroversion, neuroticism, and conscientiousness personality traits exhibit higher perceived ease of use and usefulness of social media.(2)Unlike previous research suggested, neurotic individuals appear to be attracted to becoming community group buying (CGB) leaders.(3)Individuals with high agreeableness are encouraged by ease in pursuing CGB leadership.(4)Perceived usefulness mediates the relationship between conscientiousness and CGB leadership intention and neuroticism and CGB leader intention.
An action phase theory approach to the configuration of entrepreneurial goal and implementation intentions
Authors: Liñán Francisco , Jaén Inmaculada , Domínguez-Quintero Ana M. 
Published: March 2024

PurposeThis paper integrates the action phase theory (APT) and the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to analyse the dynamic mechanisms involved in the configuration of goals and implementation intentions throughout the entrepreneurship process.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical analysis compares individuals in different phases of this process (not yet decided, potential and nascent entrepreneurs). A large sample of adults from Spain is analysed. Structural equation models and multi-group analysis (MGA) serve to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe results confirm that perceived behavioural control (PBC) is the most influential antecedent of entrepreneurial goal intention (EGI) in pre-actional phases (undecided and potential entrepreneurs), whilst attitude towards entrepreneurship (ATE) takes this role during nascency. Subjective norms (SNs) are more important in Phase 1 (establishing the goal) and in Phase 3 (performing nascent behaviour).Originality/valueThis study contributes to both the TPB and the APT. It provides the most relevant insight into the mental process that leads to starting up and helps explain certain previous conflicting results found in the literature. Additionally, it has important implications not only for theory building but also for support bodies and for entrepreneurship educators.
Lean manufacturing in the last decade: insights from published case studies
Authors: Badhotiya Gaurav Kumar , Gurumurthy Anand , Marawar Yogesh , Soni Gunjan 
Published: March 2024

PurposeLean manufacturing (LM) concepts have been widely adopted in diverse industrial sectors. However, no literature review focusing on case studies describing LM implementation is available. Case studies represent the actual implementation and provide secondary data for further analysis. This study aims to review the same to understand the pathways of LM implementation. In addition, it aims to analyse other related review questions, such as how implementing LM impacts manufacturing capabilities and the maturity level of manufacturing organisations that implemented LM, to name a few.Design/methodology/approachA literature review of case studies that discuss the implementation of LM during the last decade (from 2010 to 2020) is carried out. These studies were synthesised, and content analyses were performed to reveal critical insights.FindingsThe implementation pattern of LM significantly varies across manufacturing organisations. The findings show simultaneous improvement in manufacturing capabilities. Towards the end of the last decade, organisations implemented LM with radio frequency identification, e-kanban, simulation, etc.Originality/valueReviewing the case studies documenting LM implementation to comprehend the various nuances is a novel attempt. Furthermore, potential future research directions are identified for advancing the research in the domain of LM.
The SMart cooperative model and scale-up experience: spreading social innovation in the cultural field across Europe
Authors: Nogales Muriel Rocío 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore how, in a context of economic, political, social and environmental transitions, SMart, a cultural and artistic social enterprise (CASE), has developed a relevant cooperative model to contribute to mitigate the structural labour precariousness of artists and creators.

Design/methodology/approach
The research design includes a mixed-method approach that combines qualitative and quantitative methodologies with emphasis on the former. Namely, the organisation is SMartbe and its replication across nine European countries was studied as a revelatory case study. Five main types of techniques were deployed in the course of this research, including desk review, direct (participant) observation, interviews, focus group and questionnaire (Likert-scale survey).

Findings
CASEs constitute a specific institutional arrangement that offers innovative labour arrangements for cultural workers and artists to fight against precariousness. Social enterprises are embedded in the social and solidarity economy and stand at the crossroads of markets, civil society and the public, which places them in a critical position: depending on the logic, actors and contexts at play, social enterprises can ensure to varying degrees the general interest through their social mission, their sustainability via the real participation of all their stakeholders and the carrying out of economic activities that are fully consistent with their mission.

Originality/value
It is within this type of sustainability and participation that transformative social innovation can emerge within CASEs. Their potential to contribute to transformative social innovation is based on its four objectives: cultural (to imagine human, participative and sustainable alternatives); social (to achieve a social –including the environment – mission and join the ecosocial transition); participatory (empowering and impacting the public sphere); and economic (being financially sustainable and fair).
New wave of internal armed conflicts in developing countries: Does inequality of opportunity matter?
Authors: Ongo Nkoa Bruno Emmanuel , Ela Alene Luis Jacinto , Djam'Angai Ludé 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aim of our study is to analyze the effects of opportunity inequalities on internal armed conflict in developing countries. In a panel of 69 developing countries, over the period 2000–2020 and using the Logit model, we find a positive and significant relationship between inequality of opportunity and the risk of internal armed conflict in developing countries. The effects are higher in Africa than in Asia. As our results are validated by changing the dependent variable and estimation technique, we recommend, on the one hand, increasing investment in mobility and access to basic goods and services. On the other, we recommend the creation of decent jobs through increased investment, to improve developing countries' attractiveness to foreign direct investment as a source of formal jobs.
Association of large joint involvement at the start of biological disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs and Janus kinase inhibitors with disease activity and drug retention in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: The ANSWER cohort study
Authors: Shirasugi Iku , Onishi Akira , Nishimura Keisuke , Yamamoto Wataru , Murakami Kosaku , Onizawa Hideo , Maeda Yuichi , Ebina Kosuke , Son Yonsu , Amuro Hideki , Katayama Masaki , Hara Ryota , Nagai Koji , Hiramatsu Yuri , Hashimoto Motomu , Okano Tadashi , Maeda Toshihisa , Hayashi Shinya , Sendo Sho , Jinno Sadao , Yamamoto Yuzuru , Yamada Hirotaka , Ueda Yo , Saegusa Jun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the association of large joint involvement (LJI) with disease activity and drug retention in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who started receiving a biological disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug or Janus kinase inhibitor.MethodsPatients with RA from a Japanese multicenter observational registry were enrolled. Our definition of large joints included the shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, and ankle joints. Linear mixed‐effects models were used to examine changes in the clinical disease activity index (CDAI) score at Week 24 as the primary outcome, and drug retention rates were compared between patients with and without LJI using Cox proportional hazards models. We examined the potential effect modifications of changes in the CDAI by baseline characteristics.ResultsOverall, 2507 treatment courses from 1721 patients were included (LJI, 1744; no LJI, 763). Although LJI was associated with significantly higher changes in CDAI from baseline at Week 24 (difference in change in CDAI: −5.84 [−6.65 to −5.03], p < .001), CDAI was significantly higher in patients with LJI over time. Retention rates were similar in both groups. The association of LJI with changes in disease activity was more prominent in patients with a short disease duration, negative anti‐citrullinated peptide antibodies, and interleukin‐6 receptor inhibitor (IL‐6Ri) use.ConclusionAlthough LJI was associated with a greater reduction in disease activity from baseline, higher disease activity at baseline was not offset over time in patients with LJI, demonstrating that LJI is an unfavorable predictor. An early treat‐to‐target strategy using an IL‐6Ri may be beneficial for patients with LJI.
Physicians' perceptions of intensive care patients' 1‐year prognoses compared to realistic prognoses
Authors: Pietiläinen Laura , Hästbacka Johanna , Bendel Stepani , Bäcklund Minna , Reinikainen Matti 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundIt is unknown whether physicians treating critically ill patients have realistic perceptions of their patients' prognoses.MethodsWe sent a survey by email to Finnish anesthesiologists to investigate their ability to estimate the probability of 1‐year survival of intensive care unit (ICU) patients based on data available at the beginning of intensive care. We presented 12 fictional but real‐life‐based patient cases and asked the respondent to estimate the probability of 1‐year survival in each case by choosing one of the alternatives 5%, 10%–90% in 10% intervals and 95%. We compared the physicians' estimates to registry data‐based realistic prognoses of comparable patients treated in the ICU. Based on the difference between the estimate and the realistic prognosis, we categorized the estimates into three groups: (1) difference less than 10 percentage points, (2) difference between 10 and 20 percentage points, and (3) difference over 20 percentage points.ResultsWe received 210 responses (totally 2520 estimates). Of the respondents, 43 (20.5%) were specialists working mainly in the ICU, 81 (38.6%) were specialists working occasionally in the ICU, 47 (22.4%) were specialists not working in the ICU, and 39 (18.6%) were doctors in training. The difference between the estimate and the realistic prognosis was less than 10 percentage points for 1083 (43.0%) estimates, between 10 and 20 percentage points for 645 (25.6%) estimates, and over 20 percentage points for 792 (31.4%) estimates, out of which 612 (24.3% of all estimates) underestimated and 180 (7.1%) overestimated the likelihood of survival. The median error (the median of the differences between the estimate and the realistic prognosis) for all estimates was −8.8 [interquartile range (IQR), −20.0 to −0.2], which means that the most typical response underestimated the likelihood of survival by 9 percentage points. Based on the 12 estimates, we calculated the median error for each respondent. The median (IQR) of these median errors was −8.6 (−12.6 to −5.0) for specialists working mainly in the ICU, −8.1 (−13.0 to −5.2) for specialists working occasionally in the ICU, −9.7 (−17.7 to −6.3) for specialists not working in the ICU, and −9.1 (−14.5 to −5.1) for doctors in training (p = .29).ConclusionFinnish anesthesiologists commonly misestimate the long‐term prognoses of ICU patients, more often underestimating than overestimating the likelihood of 1‐year survival. More education about critically ill patients' prognoses and better prediction tools are needed.
Skin, gut, and lung barrier: Physiological interface and target of intervention for preventing and treating allergic diseases
Authors: Berni Canani Roberto , Caminati Marco , Carucci Laura , Eguiluz‐Gracia Ibon 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe epithelial barriers of the skin, gut, and respiratory tract are critical interfaces between the environment and the host, and they orchestrate both homeostatic and pathogenic immune responses. The mechanisms underlying epithelial barrier dysfunction in allergic and inflammatory conditions, such as atopic dermatitis, food allergy, eosinophilic oesophagitis, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and asthma, are complex and influenced by the exposome, microbiome, individual genetics, and epigenetics. Here, we review the role of the epithelial barriers of the skin, digestive tract, and airways in maintaining homeostasis, how they influence the occurrence and progression of allergic and inflammatory conditions, how current treatments target the epithelium to improve symptoms of these disorders, and what the unmet needs are in the identification and treatment of epithelial disorders.
Perspectives on technology: Single‐use catheters – evidence and environmental impact
Authors: Zhao Calvin C. , Comiter Craig V. , Elliott Christopher S. 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveTo explore the data comparing single‐ vs multi‐use catheters for clean intermittent catheterisation (CIC), consider if the widespread use of single‐use catheters is warranted given the cost and environmental impact, and put forth ideas for future consideration.MethodsA primary literature review was performed in PubMed over the past 50 years. Studies that performed comparative analysis of single‐ and multi‐use catheters were included in our review. All studies that reported on primary data were narratively summarised.ResultsA total of 11 studies were identified that reported on primary data comparing single‐ and multi‐use catheters. There was no appreciable evidence suggesting reusable multi‐use catheters were inferior to single‐use catheters from an infection or usability standpoint. In addition, the environmental and monetary burden of single‐use catheters is significant.ConclusionsThe intermittent catheter landscape in the USA has a complex past: defined by policy, shaped by industry, yet characterised by a paucity of data demonstrating superiority of single‐use over multi‐use catheters. We believe that the aversion to reusable catheters by many patients and healthcare professionals is unwarranted, especially given the cost and environmental impact. Moving forward, better comparative data and more sustainable practices are needed.