bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of MRI Texture Analysis on Complication Rate in MRI-Guided Liver Biopsies
Authors: Leonhardi Jakob , Niebur Maike , Höhn Anne-Kathrin , Ebel Sebastian , Struck Manuel Florian , Tautenhahn Hans-Michael , Seehofer Daniel , Zimmermann Silke , Denecke Timm , Meyer Hans-Jonas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–derived texture features are quantitative imaging parameters that may have valuable associations with clinical aspects. Their prognostic ability in patients undergoing percutaneous MRI-guided liver biopsy to identify associations with post-interventional bleeding complications and biopsy success rate has not been sufficiently investigated. The patient sample consisted 79 patients (32 females, 40.5%) with a mean age of 58.7 ± 12.4 years. Clinical parameters evaluated included comorbidities, pre-existing liver disease, known cancer diagnosis, and hemostaseological parameters. Several puncture-related parameters such as biopsy angle, distance of needle entry to capsule, and lesion were analyzed. MRI texture features of the target lesion were extracted from the planning sequence of the MRI-guided liver biopsy. Mann–Whitney U test and Fisher’s exact test were used for group comparison; multivariate regression model was used for outcome prediction. Overall, the diagnostic outcome of biopsy was malignant in 38 cases (48.1%) and benign in 32 cases (40.5%). A total of 11 patients (13.9%) had post-interventional bleeding, while nine patients (11.4%) had a negative biopsy result. Several texture features were statistically significantly different between patients with and without hemorrhage. The texture feature GrVariance (1.37 ± 0.78 vs. 0.80 ± 0.35, p = 0.007) reached the highest statistical significance. Regarding unsuccessful biopsy results, S(1,1)DifEntrp (0.80 ± 0.10 vs. 0.89 ± 0.12, p = 0.022) and S(0,4)DifEntrp (1.14 ± 0.10 vs. 1.22 ± 0.11, p = 0.021) reached statistical significance between groups. Several MRI texture features of the target lesion were associated with bleeding complications or negative biopsy after MRI-guided percutaneous liver biopsy. This could be used to identify at-risk patients at the beginning of the procedure and should be further analyzed.
On the recovery of two function-valued coefficients in the Helmholtz equation for inverse scattering problems via neural networks
Authors: Zhou Zehui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Recently, deep neural networks (DNNs) have become powerful tools for solving inverse scattering problems. However, the approximation and generalization rates of DNNs for solving these problems remain largely under-explored. In this work, we introduce two types of combined DNNs (uncompressed and compressed) to reconstruct two function-valued coefficients in the Helmholtz equation for inverse scattering problems from the scattering data at two different frequencies. An analysis of the approximation and generalization capabilities of the proposed neural networks for simulating the regularized pseudo-inverses of the linearized forward operators in direct scattering problems is provided. The results show that, with sufficient training data and parameters, the proposed neural networks can effectively approximate the inverse process with desirable generalization. Preliminary numerical results show the feasibility of the proposed neural networks for recovering two types of isotropic inhomogeneous media. Furthermore, the trained neural network is capable of reconstructing the isotropic representation of certain types of anisotropic media.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes in leptomeningeal disease with or without brain metastasis: insights from an explorative data analysis of the Charité LMD registry
Authors: Wasilewski David , Eitner Chiara , Ates Rober , Murad Selin , Shaked Zoe , Steinle Julia Alexandra , Wetzel-Yalelis Andreas , Sargut Tarik Alp , Rösler Judith , Samman Majd Abdulhamid , Truckenmüller Peter , Mertens Robert , Kroneberg Daniel , Kowski Alexander , Radbruch Helena , Capper David , Ehret Felix , Roohani Siyer , Frost Nikolaj , Nawabi Jawed , Onken Julia , Schlaak Maximilian , Blohmer Jens-Uwe , Pelzer Uwe , Keller Ulrich , Sehouli Jalid , Vajkoczy Peter , Keilholz Ulrich , Misch Martin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction and objectives
Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) involves disseminating cancer cells to the leptomeninges and cerebrospinal fluid. The impact of intracranial parenchymal brain metastases and extracranial disease burden at LMD diagnosis remains unclear. This study evaluates these factors alongside local and systemic therapies before and after LMD diagnosis.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 188 patients diagnosed with LMD between 2011 and 2024. Data on demographics, imaging findings, and treatments were collected. Kaplan–Meier estimates were used for survival analysis, and independent prognostic factors were identified using a backward-stepwise Cox regression model.

Results
Primary cancers included breast cancer (34.0%), non-small cell lung cancer (22.3%), and melanoma (14.4%). LMD was diagnosed via MRI in 56.4% of cases, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology in 2.7%, and both in 41.0%. Median overall survival was 2.8 months [95% CI: 2.4 – 3.7]. Independent prognostic factors for improved survival included male sex (HR: 0.61 [95% CI: 0.40 – 0.93], p = 0.020), absence of hydrocephalus at LMD diagnosis (HR: 0.42 [95% CI: 0.22 – 0.79], p = 0.007), and targeted therapy post-diagnosis (HR: 0.33 [95% CI: 0.20 – 0.55], p < 0.001). Two or more lines of systemic therapy before LMD diagnosis increased mortality risk (HR: 1.73 [95% CI: 1.16 – 2.59], p = 0.007). Lack of CNS parenchymal disease at LMD diagnosis also increased risk (HR: 0.51 [95% CI: 0.30 – 0.89], p = 0.017). Pre-diagnosis radiation therapy showed no survival benefit, while post-diagnosis radiation improved outcomes (HR: 0.47 [95% CI: 0.32 – 0.70], p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Absence of hydrocephalus and use of targeted therapy post-diagnosis are favorable prognostic factors, while extensive prior systemic therapy and CNS parenchymal disease worsen outcomes. Tailored therapies addressing intracranial disease are crucial for improving survival in LMD patients.
Exploring the predictors of the populist vote using random forests
Authors: Benati Stefano , Bon Matteo , Nardi Filippo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we use random forests to determine what individual attitudes and opinions are the best predictors of the vote for a populist party. We used data from the European Value Survey, Wave 7, and after coding European parties as populist or not, we carried out a preliminary analysis on two peculiar nations, France and Poland, highlighting the basic steps of a random forests application. The analysis reveals that populist voters have different attitudes. In Poland, the populist vote is mostly predicted by the adherence to religious and traditional values. In France, vote is mostly predicted by strong discontent on the actual practice of democracy. However, we show that predictions can be biased when imbalanced data are used, that is, data in which the minority class contains few observations. We discuss how to obtain a balanced dataset and we show that in this way the predictive power of the random forests is improved. Next, we extend the analysis of the populist vote to all the European nations available in the survey, to determine what are the most important predictors both at supranational and national level. The use of the random forest allows determining what are the most common global predictors, and the role of some local predictors as well.
A2B adenosine receptor-triggered intracellular calcium mobilization: Cell type-dependent involvement of Gi, Gq, Gs proteins and protein kinase C
Authors: Gao Zhan-Guo , Gao Ray R. , Meyer Clayton K. , Jacobson Kenneth A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Activation of PLCβ enzymes by Giβγ and Gαq/11 proteins is a common mechanism to trigger cytosolic Ca2+ increase. We and others reported that Gαq/11 inhibitor FR900359 (FR) can inhibit both Gαq- and, surprisingly, Giβγ-mediated intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. Thus, the Gαi-Gβγ-PLCβ-Ca2+ signaling axis depends entirely on the presence of active Gαq, which reasonably explained FR-inhibited Giβγ-induced Ca2+ release. However, the conclusion that Giβγ signaling is controlled by Gαq derives mostly from HEK293 cells. Here we show that indeed in HEK293 cells both Gαq/11 siRNA and Gαq/11 inhibitors diminished Ca2+ increase triggered by native Gq-coupled P2Y1 receptors, or by transfected Gi-coupled A1- or Gs-coupled A2B adenosine receptors (ARs). However, in T24 bladder cancer cells, Gi inhibitor PTX, but not Gαq/11 inhibitors, FR, YM254890 (YM) or Gq/11 siRNA, inhibited Ca2+ increase triggered by native A2BAR activation. Simultaneous inactivation of Gi and Gs further suppressed A2BAR-triggered Ca2+ increase in T24 cells. The Gαq/11 inhibitor YM fully and partially inhibited endogenous P2Y1- and β2-adrenergic receptor-induced Ca2+ increase in T24 cells, respectively. PKC activator PMA partially diminished A2BAR-triggered but completely diminished β2-adrenergic receptor-triggered Ca2+ increase in T24 cells. Neither β-arrestin1 nor β-arrestin2 siRNA affected A2BAR-mediated Ca2+ increase. Unlike in T24 cells, YM inhibited native A2BAR-triggered calcium mobilization in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Thus, Gαq/11 is vital for Ca2+ increase in some cell types, but Giβγ-mediated Ca2+ signaling can be Gαq/11-dependent or independent based on cell type and receptor activated. Besides G proteins, PKC also modulates cytosolic Ca2+ increase depending on cell type and receptor.
How curriculum materials can contribute to implementing instructional innovations: the case of enactment of strategy instruction
Authors: Dröse Jennifer , Ahlemeyer Leonie , Prediger Susanne 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Although curriculum materials are essential for implementing instructional innovations, little is known about how exactly they support teachers’ enactment of innovative approaches and how explicitly they must integrate their key components. The paper contributes to reducing this research gap for one instructional innovation: explicit strategy instruction for word problem comprehension strategies. In our qualitative video study, teachers participated in a professional development on explicit strategy instruction and experimented with it in their classrooms. We compared the teachers’ enactment of strategy instruction in two implementation conditions: in the strong material support condition, teachers received curriculum materials in which components of strategy instruction were explicitly integrated. In the weak material support condition, the curriculum materials only provided the sequence of word problems, but the teachers had to implement explicit strategy instruction themselves. In the qualitative analysis of four cases of teachers’ videorecorded enactment, we unpacked how one teacher with weak support provided only limited learning opportunities by non-targeted enactment, with limited measurable student strategic learning gains. However, in the same condition, another teacher provided productive learning opportunities by explicit and targeted strategy instruction in spite of weak material support. In the strong material support condition, learning opportunities were assured even in a case of partially non-targeted enactment (yet high measurable student strategic learning gains). The findings bear consequences for combining curriculum materials with strong support and professional development.
INIA 333 – CHUGAYNA new Potato Variety Resilient to Climate Change for the Family Farming System with Tolerance to Frost, Resistant to Late Blight and high Quality for Fresh Consumption
Authors: Cabrera Héctor , Otiniano Ronal , Pando Rosemeri , Garcia Henry Sánchez , Rodriguez Willian Huamanchay , Pérez Juan M. , de Haan Stef , Gastelo Manuel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The new potato variety INIA 333–CHUGAYNA, is the result of the joint work of the NGO Asociación Pataz, INIA and the International Potato Center, it was generated through traditional breeding and the use of the participatory varietal selection methodology, as a variety resilient to climate change with frost tolerance, resistance to late blight, compared to the improved variety INIA 302-Amarilis and the native varieties, Huevo de Indio. This new variety is also resilient to climate change, tolerant to frost, with field resistance to late blight, high tuber yield, low glycoalkaloid content and high quality for fresh consumption, adapted up to 4000 m above sea level. It was released in 2023 and officially registered in the national registry of commercial varieties of Peru. The new variety INIA 333-CHUGAYNA requires minimal use of fungicides and has a high economic profitability that will improve the living standards of small and medium-sized farmers in Peru. It can also be used as a parent in breeding programs in other countries in development, to confront climate change, especially frost.
Chemical analysis of the 5th and 12th century metal doors in the Lateran, Rome
Authors: Mödlinger Marianne , Fera M. , Utz J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
For the first time, the three bronze doors of the Lateran Baptistery and Cloister of the Archbasilica of St John Lateran in Rome have been studied to determine their chemical composition and to obtain further information about their manufacture. The doors studied include two made at the end of the twelfth century by Pietro and Uberto from Piacenza, Italy, and one made by an unknown master in the fifth century. This door now leads to the Oratory of St John the Baptist in the Lateran Baptistery. One of the 12th-century doors is now in the Chapel of St. John the Evangelist, and the second 12th-century door is in the cloister of the Archbasilica. High-resolution photographic documentation and a 3D model of one of the door wings complete the detailed documentation of the three medieval doors. The chemical analysis of the doors permits a detailed reconstruction of the alloys used in their manufacture. All doors were made of leaded tin bronze, and the resulting data provides a valuable contribution to the history of their construction and the processes employed in their manufacture.
Open-Source InSAR Data to Detect Ground Displacement Induced by Underground Gas Storage Reservoirs
Authors: Fibbi Gabriele , Landini Neri , Intrieri Emanuele , Ventisette Chiara Del , Soldato Matteo Del 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates ground displacement in Underground Gas Storage (UGS) areas using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) techniques applied to free and open-source Sentinel-1 data extracted from the European Ground Motion Service (EGMS). Three UGS facilities in Lower Saxony, Germany, are examined to understand how reservoir type plays a key role in surface deformation. In pore storage reservoirs, such as those at Uelsen and Rehden, UGS operations cause pressure changes propagating to the surface and resulting in observable seasonal uplift and subsidence. Conversely, in the Etzel salt caverns, subsidence is inherent, with deformation rates influenced by the balance of gas withdrawal and injection. The analysis includes mapping the displacement velocity in both ascending and descending geometries, as well as the vertical and horizontal components of the displacement. The extracted time series of ground displacement reveal temporal relationships between UGS operations and surface fluctuations. By integrating InSAR data with the UGS operational records, this study highlights significant differences in ground displacement behaviours between geological settings. The Etzel site exhibited the most significant deformations, while the Uelsen and Rehden sites showed seasonal ‘breathing’ patterns. This work represents a novel application, filling a significant gap in the literature by using free and open-source data to investigate UGS activities over different geological contexts. The results highlight the complexity of the interactions between UGS operations and the environment, emphasising the need for further research to improve the sustainable management of subsurface resources.
Context Matters: Soil Ecosystem Status Varies across Diverse Conservation Agriculture Systems
Authors: Preez Gerhard du , Loggenberg Ané , Fourie Driekie , Marcelo-Silva João , Martin Tvisha , Ramphisa-Nghondzweni Dimakatso , Smith Hendrik , Sprunger Christine 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Conservation agriculture promotes soil health across different management and environmental contexts. While soil ecosystem status (health and functioning) serves as a key indicator of soil health, it remains understudied, with most evidence coming from long-term trials that may not reflect on-farm conditions. Therefore, this study evaluated and compared the long-term soil ecosystem status (health and functioning) of farmer croplands practicing conservation agriculture under two distinct management and environmental contexts. Two sites near Vrede and Reitz (South Africa) were investigated, focusing on conservation agriculture systems, with conventional agriculture and grazed grassland as references systems. Selected ecological indicators (nematode-based indices, organic matter, permanganate-oxidizable carbon, and soil respiration) and physico-chemical properties (particle size distribution, pH, electrical conductivity, and macro- and micronutrients) were assessed to measure soil ecosystem status and the environmental context. At Vrede, pasture and conservation agriculture systems presented elevated organic matter content and microbial activity due to continuous organic cover and minimal physical disturbance. Furthermore, the nematode Maturity Index in these systems was higher, indicating more balanced and healthier soil ecosystems. In contrast, at Reitz, differences between conservation agriculture systems were strongly associated with soil texture differences, influencing organic matter and respiration rates. Additionally, fine-textured soils consistently exhibited greater permanganate-oxidizable carbon values, reflecting the role of soil texture in carbon retention and ecosystem functioning. This study underscores the relevance of both agricultural management and environmental contexts, particularly soil texture, when implementing conservation agriculture systems. It highlights the need for tailored agricultural systems to complement on-farm options and local conditions.
THE CURIOUS CASE OF THE NATIONAL FUND
Authors: Ellison Martin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Changing attitudes to government debt influenced a recent High Court judgement on the National Fund, a British charity set up in 1928 with donations left to accumulate until they grew sufficient to repay in full the National Debt of the United Kingdom. Based on a belief that the Fund would never become large enough, the Attorney General in 2018 applied under cy-près jurisdiction to allow the charity to repay only part of the National Debt. The argument was that changing attitudes to debt have rendered the charity’s aim impracticable, even though it was at the time it was set up.
“These Are not Ordinary Criminals!” The First War Crimes Trial at the People's Tribunal and Its Implications in Post-Holocaust Romania
Authors: Ionescu Stefan Cristian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article examines the neglected war crimes trials of Holocaust perpetrators that took place at the People's Tribunal in early postwar Romania, focusing especially on the first trial (the “Macici group”). The article shows that in spite of the political interferences by the new pro-communist regime and the USSR, the Macici group trial in particular, and the first war crimes trials in general, were not Stalinist show trials or fake trials and they sentenced real war criminals and accurately captured Romania's participation in the Holocaust. Unlike the Antonescu group trial – that indicted the former pro-Nazi dictator and his closest collaborators – the first war crimes trial was not a typical political trial. In general, it respected the rule of law of the era. Resembling the cases of other trials of Nazi perpetrators and collaborators in postwar Europe, the Romanian perpetrators invoked superior orders as their main line of defense. In spite of the public perception and the communist regime's propaganda, the primary sources show that the People's Tribunal proved rather lenient and inefficient. Additionally, these trials had an important political-social role in postwar Romania and helped the communist regime discredit political adversaries, purge the judiciary, gain legitimacy, and increase its control of local society.
The impact of intermittent energy restriction on women’s health
Authors: Harvie Michelle , Haiba Mai 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Intermittent energy restricted diets are used amongst women with overweight and obesity and a healthy weight. For those with overweight and obesity weight control is typically achieved through daily energy restriction (DER) which has reduced adherence and attenuated metabolic benefits over time. Several intermittent energy restriction (IER) regimens have been developed aiming to promote maintained weight loss and additional weight independent metabolic benefits including the 5:2 diet, alternate day fasting (ADF) and time restricted eating (TRE). This review summarises the potential benefits or harms of these regimens for managing women’s health. 5:2 and ADF diets have equivalent long term (≥6-month) adherence, weight loss and metabolic benefits to DER. Current limited evidence suggests IER is a safe weight loss intervention for women which does not affect reproductive or bone health, increase eating disorders or disturb sleep. Adherence and weight loss with both IER and DER are lower amongst younger women compared to older women and men. Weight loss with ADF and TRE have respectively improved symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome and premenstrual syndrome but there is no evidence of weight independent effects of IER on these conditions. There is little evidence of the benefits and/or harms of IER amongst healthy weight women in whom there is a greater potential for adverse effects on reproductive and bone health, fat free mass, eating disorders and sleep. Further research benefits of IER for weight control and metabolic health as well as harms is required.