bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Granuloma gluteale infantum
Authors: Konya Joseph , Gow Elizabeth 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYGranuloma gluteale infantum is an uncommon disorder, the pathogenesis of which remains unclear. Occlusion is a common factor and irritant napkin dermatitis is a frequent association. A six month old female infant with mild napkin dermatitis treated only with a dusting powder is presented.
Excision technique for chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis
Authors: Sinclair Peter 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYThis painful nodule of the ear commonly recurs at the tips of the excision ellipse. To minimize this risk, a smooth transition from the normal helical rim to the defect can be achieved by undermining between the skin and cartilage at the ends of the ellipse and trimming the cartilage spikes.
The descriptive epidemiology of warts in the community
Authors: Kilkenny Monique , Marks Robin 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYWarts are common skin infections caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) and affect most people sometime in their life. A number of epidemiological studies on the prevalence of warts have been completed in schools, various occupational groups, general practices and hospitals. All studies have relied on a subjective measure for the diagnosis of warts. Cross‐sectional studies completed in schools have shown the prevalence in children to vary from 2 to 20%. Occupational handlers of meat, poultry and fish have a higher prevalence than other workers. Children and young adults are the groups most affected. Future studies are needed to investigate the true frequency of warts in the community and the likelihood of an individual developing these lesions during his/her lifetime.
Pemphigoid gestationis occurring in a patient with HELLP syndrome
Authors: Lowe Patricia M , Fryer Judith , Shumack Stephen 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYA case of pemphigoid gestationis occurring in a 40 year old female who developed HELLP syndrome during her fourth pregnancy is reported. Seven days after emergency Caesarean section for pre‐eclampsia, she developed a pruritic blistering eruption which clinically resembled pemphigoid gestationis. The diagnosis was supported by skin histology and immunofluorescence. She responded rapidly to oral corticosteroids, with no evidence of recurrence after 12 weeks of follow up. In the current case report, the previously unreported simultaneous occurrence of two uncommon conditions is described.
Minocycline is a useful adjuvant therapy for pemphigus
Authors: Gaspar Zoran S , Walkden Valerie , Wojnarowska Fenella 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYPemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disease with high mortality if untreated. The cases of 10 patients who had minocycline 100 mg daily added as adjuvant therapy are reported. Prior to the use of minocycline, all patients had active disease, nine were on prednisolone (10–40 mg) and five were on azathioprine (100–200 mg). The response was assessed on clinical improvement and reduction of immunosuppressive (IS) drugs. It was graded into four categories: major, minor, equivocal and no significant response. A major response was seen in four patients, minor in two, equivocal in one and no improvement in three patients. The prednisolone dose in the six responders was reduced to 0–6 mg (0 mg in three patients), with an average decrease of 21 mg. The average time to respond was 8 months. Of the six responders, three were on azathioprine, which was ceased in two patients and reduced by two‐thirds in the other patient. No patient ceased minocycline because of side effects. In conclusion, minocycline 100 mg daily is a simple, safe and well tolerated treatment that should be tried in patients with pemphigus to reduce disease activity and/or the dose of potent IS agents.
Rapid repigmentation after depigmentation therapy: Vitiligo treated with monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone
Authors: Oakley Amanda MM 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYRepigmentation occurred within a few weeks of discontinuing successful depigmentation therapy with monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone, in a patient with extensive vitiligo. Patients undertaking depigmentation therapy should be warned that this may occur. The mechanism is unknown.
Facial resurfacing using a high‐energy, short‐pulse carbon dioxide laser
Authors: Goodman Greg J 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYFacial skin resurfacing is now possible using short‐pulse, high‐energy carbon dioxide (CO2) lasers. The laser utilized in this particular paper is the Ultrapulse CO2 laser. The Ultrapulse laser represents the first CO2 laser able to vaporize tissue in a single pulse with the use of a large spot size. This laser utilizes the principles of selective photothermolysis. The high‐power pulses are completed in less than the thermal relaxation time of skin, estimated to be less than 1 millisecond. This translates into rapid vaporization of tissue with little heat conduction to surrounding tissues. It also should allow a reproducibility of results between practitioners with set parameters not possible with previous CO2 lasers. Clinically, this laser is useful for the removal of skin lesions, and the resurfacing of areas of sun damage, wrinkles and scars. The immediate haemostasis and excellent visibility allows for precise vaporization of abnormal tissue. Rapid and pain‐free wound healing is usual. The complication rate would appear to compare very favourably with dermabrasion and chemical peeling techniques.
Recurrent focal palmar peeling
Authors: Lee Yu‐Chuan , Rycroft Richard JG , White Ian R , McFadden John P 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYRecurrent focal palmar peeling, previously known as keratolysis exfoliativa, is an idiopathic condition characterized by chronic palmar and occasionally plantar peeling. It can be exacerbated by environmental factors, and may be misdiagnosed as chronic contact dermatitis. Accurate diagnosis is from the history and examination. It is supported by a negative patch test result. Three cases of recurrent focal palmar peeling are presented, of which two were misdiagnosed as chronic dermatitis. Although there are few references on recurrent focal palmar peeling, it is likely to be a common condition that rarely presents to dermatologists because it is largely asymptomatic, A correct diagnosis is essential due to the social, occupational and legal implications if misdiagnosed.
Histological correlates of metastasis in primary invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the lip
Authors: Saywell Mark S , Weedon David 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYThe histological features of 66 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the lip were studied in an attempt to define prognostic parameters. Features that correlated with an increased risk or metastasis included histological grade of the tumour at the base and the surface, the tumour thickness, presence of stromal sclerosis, and the presence of muscle and perineural invasion.
White fibrous papulosis of the neck in three Sicilian patients
Authors: Siragusa Maddalena , Batolo Dario , Schepis Carmelo 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYThree patients, two females and one male, presented with white fibrous papulosis of the neck. This condition is characteristically located on both sides of the neck; however, it also appears on the upper sternal region, with a necklace‐like configuration, in the two female patients, aged 72 and 78 years, respectively. A differential diagnosis was carried out with respect to other dermatoses that show a similar skin aspect, and to the pseudoxanthoma elasticum‐like papillary dermal elastolysis. This is because this condition, as well as fibrous papulosis, can be interpreted as a clinical‐histological variant of the same process of cutaneous ageing. However, environmental factors can play a role in the aetiopathogenesis of fibrous papulosis in the Sicilian population.
Aggressive polyfibromatosis: A 10 year follow‐up
Authors: Lee Yu‐Chuan , Chan Henry HL , Black Martin M 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYPolyfibromatosis syndrome is a condition characterized by the occurrence of several cutaneous fibrotic conditions including Dupuytren's contracture and keloid formation. A 10 year follow‐up of a patient with an aggressive type of polyfibromatosis associated with erosive arthropathy is presented. The underlying pathogenesis and management of this uncommon condition is discussed.
Acrokeratoelastoidosis
Authors: Dyall‐Smith Delwyn 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYAn Indian woman presented with crateriform and pearly papules along the lines of transgredience of the hands and feet. Her father and an older sister are similarly affected. Histology showed hyperkeratosis and elastorrhexis. The differential diagnosis of acrokeratoelastoidosis includes focal acral hyperkeratosis. The current classification of marginal papular acrokeratodermas is discussed.
Occupational contact dermatitis to gold
Authors: Tan Ernest , Delaney Thomas A 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYA case of occupational contact dermatitis to gold is presented. This is uncommon as gold is relatively insoluble. Allergic contact dermatitis to gold is confirmed by patch testing with gold sodium thiosulfate 0.5% in petrolatum. Occupational contact dermatitis in the gold industry can be reduced by providing workers with more protective gear and better ventilation.
Neuropeptides, nerve growth factor and eczema
Authors: Giannetti Alberto 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYConsiderable evidence indicates that peripheral nerve fibres play an active regulatory role during eczematous reactions. Many basic features of the inflammatory process are potentially subject to neuropeptidergic modulation, such as vascular changes, cellular trafficking, activation and trophism, In vivo and in vitro investigations suggest that neuropeptides are part of the complex network of mediators that initiate and maintain the eczematous process in the skin. In general, peptidergic fibres seem to exert a global protective role, but with specific and selective effects in the different phases. Evidence that the inflammatory process induces biochemical changes at a neuronal level has also been obtained. The possible mediators of the neuronal recruitment in the course of the eczematous reaction are still unknown. Nevertheless, nerve growth factor, which is locally increased during inflammatory processes and may induce peptidergic alterations, should be considered as a potential candidate molecule.
Viral exanthems in childhood
Authors: Hogan Peter A 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYViral exanthems can be classified as erythematous, vesicular and papular. The majority are erythematous with the most common viral causes being non‐polio enteroviruses, respiratory viruses, acute Epstein‐Barr virus, human herpes viruses 6 and 7, and parvovirus B‐19. Measles, rubella, mumps, acute CMV, hepatitis viruses, HIV seroconversion, Ross River and Barmah Forest viruses are less commonly seen. The differential diagnosis includes drug eruption, erythematous bacterial exanthems and Kawasaki's syndrome.
Pathological twists in association with infectious agents and infestations of the skin
Authors: Kossard Steven 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYThe capacity of micro‐organisms and infestations to induce, flare or mimic a wide variety of dermatological disorders has long been appreciated. The development of new techniques such as in situ hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction has permitted a re‐examination of old concepts such as the tuberculids and bacterids. In addition new discoveries have highlighted the biological potential of micro‐organisms to stimulate or depress the immune system through potent biological active products and has led to new insights in the mechanisms through which organisms may produce skin changes. Histological simulants of dermatological disease may also be induced by micro‐organisms and these may need to be distinguished by clinical correlation.
Putative linkage between HLA class I polymorphism and the susceptibility to malignant melanoma
Authors: Ichimiya Makoto , Muto Masahiko , Hamamoto Yoshiaki , Ohmura Akiko , Tateno Hiroaki , Asagami Chidori 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYHuman leukocyte antigen (HLA) frequencies in 67 melanoma patients were compared to 120 controls in Japan. The frequency of HLA‐B13 was increased in melanoma patients compared to controls and was particularly common in nodular melanoma. HLA‐B61 was decreased in melanoma patients. Almost 50% of acral lentiginous melanoma patients expressed HLA‐B51 compared to 0% of nodular melanomas.
Rheological analysis of peripheral blood neutrophils in a patient with cutaneous and arthropathic psoriasis accompanying hypopyon‐iridocyclitis
Authors: Iijima Shigeruko , Iwata Mitsuru , Otsuka Fujio 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYA 32 year old Japanese male has had several synchronized attacks of psoriatic arthritis and hypopyon‐iridocyclitis. During exacerbations, he has a leucocytosis with neutrophilia and elevated C‐reactive protein. Assessment for adhesiveness, aggregation and deformation of peripheral neutrophils revealed strikingly high ‘rheological activity’, whereas during periods of remission the activity was only slightly elevated above normal.
Two cases of protothecosis in Nagoya, Japan
Authors: Matsumoto Yoshinari , Shibata Masayuki , Adachi Ayumi , Ohashi Masaru , Kanbe Toshio , Tanaka Kenji 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYTwo cases of protothecosis caused by Prototheca wickerhamii have been reported from Nagoya in a 12 year period. In both cases the infection presented on the cheeks of otherwise healthy women. Biopsies showed numerous PAS positive staining organisms with the distinctive mulberry‐like endosporulation in the dermis. Prototheca wickerhamii was identified on sugar assimilation tests of colonies isolated from tissue on Sabouraud agar. Case 1 responded to 11 months of oral ketoconazole therapy. Case 2 might not respond to itraconazole. The source of the infections has not been identified.
Time‐course analyses of exercise‐induced lesions in a patient with urticarial vasculitis
Authors: Kano Yoko , Orihara Midori , Shiohara Tetsuo 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYUsing immunoperoxidase techniques, we examined the histological changes of exercise‐induced lesions of urticarial vasculitis over a 24 h period. At 3h, endothelial swelling and an eosinophilic infiltrate was seen. Neutrophils were increased in number by 10 h. Typical leucocytoclastic vasculitis with red blood cell extravasation developed by 24 h. Maximal deposition of eosinophil peroxidase was at 10 h compared to significant neutrophil elastase deposits at 24 h. This demonstrates the importance of the eosinophil in the development of the lesions of urticarial vasculitis.
Advice about management of skin conditions in the community: Who are the providers?
Authors: Yeatman Josephine M , Kilkenny Monique F , Stewart Kay , Marks Robin 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYA survey was undertaken in the central Victorian city of Maryborough to investigate the use of pharmacies and general practitioners as sources of advice about skin problems. In a 2 week period consumers purchasing either prescription or over the counter (OTC) products for skin, hair and nails in pharmacies were approached for interview. Simultaneously, each of the city's general practitioners (GP) completed questionnaires on all patients presenting with conditions of skin, hair and nails.Seventy per cent of the 315 consumers interviewed were purchasing OTC products and 30% prescription items. Of the OTC products, 42% were originally recommended by pharmacy staff and 18% by doctors. Over one‐third of consumers buying OTC products described symptoms to pharmacy staff and in about half of the cases it was to the pharmacy assistant. One‐third of people describing symptoms had already seen a doctor. Problems most frequently reported were dermatitis, skin dryness, acne and tinea.General practitioners recorded 265 conditions (of which 54% were new) in patients. The most common condition treated was solar keratosis, and GP wrote a prescription for 43% and recommended OTC products for 7% of conditions. People in Maryborough are seeking advice for their skin conditions from a variety of sources including GP, pharmacies and others.
Tissue factor and thrombomodulin expression on keratinocytes as coagulation/anti‐coagulation cofactor and differentiation marker
Authors: Mizutani Hitoshi , Ohyanagi Satoshi , Nouchi Nobuyuki , Inachi Shin , Shimizu Masayuki 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYImmunohistochemistry was used to investigate the expression of tissue factor (TF) as a coagulation factor and thrombomodulin (TM) as an anticoagulation cofactor in the epidermis. TM was expressed on Malpighian layer keratinocytes while TF was located on the supra Malpighian layer. Epidermal shave extracts were biologically active for both factors. Keratinocytes cultured in high calcium, but not low calcium media, expressed both TF and TM. In pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigus foliaceus and bullous pemphigoid, TF expression was increased on keratinocytes shielding the blister compared to the down‐regulated TM expression by keratinocytes around the blister.
Immune response to Streptococcus pyogenes and the susceptibility to psoriasis
Authors: Muto Masahiko , Fujikura Yoshihisa , Hamamoto Yoshiaki , Ichimiya Makoto , Ohmura Akiko , Sasazuki Takehiko , Fukumoto Tetsuo , Asagami Chidori 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYMonoclonal antibodies directed against type 12 Group A streptococcal cell wall antigens cross‐react with nuclei and cytoplasm of cells from skin and synovium from controls, uninvolved skin of psoriatics and psoriatic plaques. Patients with psoriasis had high serum titres of antibody against the M12 (C‐region) streptococcal antigen compared to controls. An abnormal immune response directed against a ‘self’ antigen after initiation by Group A streptococcal infection may play an important role in the exacerbation or development of psoriasis.
Primary leiomyosarcoma of the skin
Authors: Wargon Orli 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYLeiomyosarcomas of the skin are frequently misdiagnosed clinically. This tumour however, exhibits typical histological and immunohistochemical features. This collection of seven cases of cutaneous leiomyosarcoma on the trunk and limbs of adults with a mean age of 63 years and a range of 49‐78 years demonstrates that the clinical diagnosis in each case, from seven different clinicians, did not include the correct diagnosis. In each case, the special immunohistochemical stains were helpful in making the diagnosis with actin and vimentin being positive and S100 and prekeratin stains being negative.
Primary cryptococcal cellulitis caused by Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii in an immunocompetent host
Authors: Hamann Ian D , Gillespie Roderick J , Ferguson John K 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYPrimary cutaneous cryptococcal infection is uncommon. The cutaneous manifestations are most often the result of dissemination from the central nervous system or lung, usually in an immunocompromised host; cellulitis is regarded as the rarest cutaneous form. Primary cutaneous cryptococcosis has occasionally been reported in the immunocompetent, the causative organism being Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans. We present a case of cellulitis of the right arm in a 75‐year‐old man caused by Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii, a fungus which is endemic in Australia and an important cause of infection in the immunocompetent This is the first case described of a primary cutaneous infection due to Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii The interesting ecology of this organism is discussed.
Cutaneous myiasis in a traveller returning from Africa
Authors: Ng Seng Onn Clinton , Yates Maria 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYCutaneous myiasis is seen in travellers returning from the tropics. The flies commonly involved are Cordylobia arthropophaga and Dermatobia hominis. Humans become infected by contact with eggs laid by the female fly on soil or contaminated clothing. The clinical presentation is boil‐like skin lesions. Treatment involves asphyxiation of larvae forcing emergence, application of toxic agents or surgical removal.
Allergic contact dermatitis to 1,2‐benzisothiazolin‐3‐one in the carpet industry
Authors: Taran John M , Delaney Thomas A 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYThe compound 1,2‐benzisothiazolin‐3‐one (BIT) is the active ingredient in Proxel® GXL a commonly used preservative in many industries. The present case report identifies the carpet industry as an additional source of occupational allergic contact dermatitis to BIT.
The use of monoclonal antibody stains in Mohs micrographic surgery
Authors: Salmon Robert M 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYThe recent application of monoclonal antibody stains to Mohs micrographic surgery may lead to increased accuracy in the excision of certain difficult tumours. Immunohistoehemical techniques may also increase the range of tumours regularly treated by Mohs surgery. The concept is very much in its infancy, and controlled trials with long term follow‐up are required before the real worth of the process can be evaluated.
Reconstruction of the upper lip with lip switch (Abbe flap reconstruction)
Authors: Hodgkinson Darryl J 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYThe lip switch operation (Abbe) is useful for full thickness defects of the upper lip. Careful design of the flap with pedicle take‐down and inset of the flap after 2 weeks, leads to a predictably good reconstructive result. The flap is most useful for 30‐50% full thickness defects of the upper lip.
Descriptive epidemiology of acne vulgaris in the community
Authors: Stathakis Voula , Kilkenny Monique , Marks Robin 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYAcne is a common skin condition. No universally accepted standardized classification system for acne vulgaris exists, although there is a strong need for it Thus, the clinical definition of acne has been unclear in many studies. The reported prevalence of acne varies from 35 to over 90% of adolescents at some stage. In some studies the prevalence of comedones approaches 100% in both sexes during adolescence. The prevalence of acne varies between sexes and age groups, appearing earlier in females than in males, possibly reflecting the earlier onset of puberty. There is a greater severity of acne in males than in females in the late teens, which is compatible with androgens being a potent stimulus to sebum secretion. The prevalence of acne at a given age has been shown to be highly dependent on the degree of sexual maturity. Acne commonly shows a premenstrual increase in women. Some studies have detected seasonal variability in acne vulgaris, with the colder months associated with exacerbation and the warmer months showing improvement. Other studies have not confirmed these findings. Several studies that have investigated the psychosocial impact of acne have had conflicting results. The prevalence of severe acne has decreased over the past 20 years due to improved treatment. The general prevalence figure for acne may be confounded by treatment and this factor needs to be accounted for when collecting data.
Oesophageal involvement in cicatricial pemphigoid
Authors: Warren Lachlan J , Wojnarowska Fenella , Wilkinson John D 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYFour cases of cicatricial pemphigoid complicated by oesophageal involvement are presented. All patients suffered dysphagia but repeated radiological studies were required for confirmation of oesophageal ulceration, webs and strictures. A combination of systemic drug therapy and oesophageal dilatation were necessary for the suppression of symptoms. The clinical and immunopathological features, management and complications of oesophageal involvement in cicatricial pemphigoid are discussed. Dermatologists should be aware of these features and make regular inquiries about swallowing difficulties in patients with cicatricial pemphigoid to guide appropriate investigations and treatment
Terra firma‐forme dermatosis
Authors: O'Brien Timothy J , Hall Anthony P 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYTerra firma‐forme dermatosis (TFFD) is a relatively common but usually unrecognized clinical problem. The cause is unknown. The changes usually occur on the neck in childhood as dirty brown patches that cannot be removed with soap but are easily removed with alcohol. Terra firma‐forme dermatosis may be mistaken for acanthosis nigricans.