bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lentiviral Vector Gene Transfer Is Limited by the Proteasome at Postentry Steps in Various Types of Stem Cells
Authors: Santoni de Sio Francesca Romana , Gritti Angela , Cascio Paolo , Neri Margherita , Sampaolesi Maurilio , Galli Cesare , Luban Jeremy , Naldini Luigi 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
The isolation of human embryonic and somatic stem cells of different types has made it possible to design novel gene and cell replacement therapies. Vectors derived from retro/lentiviruses are used to stably introduce genes into stem cells and their progeny. However, the permissivity to retroviral infection varies among cell types. We previously showed that hematopoietic stem cells are poorly permissive to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-derived vectors and that pharmacological inhibition of the proteasome strongly enhances gene transfer. Here we report that the proteasome limits lentiviral gene transfer in all stem cell types tested, including embryonic, mesenchymal, and neural, of both human and mouse origin. Remarkably, this inhibitory activity was sharply reduced upon differentiation of the stem cells, suggesting that it represents a novel feature of the stem cell/immature progenitor phenotype. Proteasome-mediated inhibition was specific for lentiviral vectors and occurred at a postentry infection step. It was not mediated by activation of nuclear factor-κB, a major signaling pathway modulated by the proteasome, and did not correlate with high proteasome activity. Interaction of the virion core with cyclophilin A was required to maximize the effect of proteasome inhibitor on the infection pathway. These findings are relevant to uncover new mediators of HIV gene transfer and help in designing more effective protocols for the genetic modification of stem cells.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
The Lineage−c-Kit+Sca-1+ Cell Response toEscherichia coliBacteremia in Balb/c Mice
Authors: Zhang Ping , Nelson Steve , Bagby Gregory J. , Siggins Robert , Shellito Judd E. , Welsh David A. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractDuring bacterial infection, the bone marrow hematopoietic activity shifts toward granulocyte production, which is critical for host defenses. Along with this enhancement of granulopoiesis, the bone marrow also increases its release of hematopoietic precursors. At the present time, little is known about the commitment of hematopoietic precursor cells, including hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors, in this response. To investigate the hematopoietic precursor cell response to bacterial infection, bacteremia was established in Balb/c mice by i.v. injection of Escherichia coli. Bacteremia caused a 10-fold increase in the number of lineage (lin)−c-kit+Sca-1+ cells in the bone marrow. This dramatic expansion of the lin−c-kit+Sca-1+ cell pool resulted from both increased mitosis of these cells and inversion from lin−c-kit+Sca-1− cell phenotype. Lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 were potent factors capable of mediating phenotypic inversion of lin−c-kit+Sca-1− cells. Cells in the expanded lin−c-kit+Sca-1+ cell pool contained more colony-forming unit-granulocyte/macrophage. Mobilization of lin−c-kit+Sca-1+ cells into the circulation was significantly enhanced following bacteremia. These results demonstrate that the lin−c-kit+Sca-1+ cell population in the bone marrow constitutes a key component of the host defense response to bacteremia. Functional modifications of these primitive hematopoietic precursors are critical for enhancing granulocyte production following bacterial infection.Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Breathing: A Sign of Life and a Unique Area for Reflection and Action
Authors: Ekerholt Kirsten , Bergland Astrid 
Published: May 2008

Background and Purpose
The aim of this study was to clarify patients’ experiences of breathing during therapeutic processes in Norwegian psychomotor physical therapy (NPMP).

Subjects and Methods
A qualitative approach was used based on interviews with 9 women and 1 man aged between 41 and 65 years. The data were analyzed with the aid of grounded theory.

Results
Three categories were identified from the participants’ experiences: (1) “Breathing: An Incomprehensible and Disparate Phenomenon,” (2) “Breathing: Access to Meaning and Understanding,” and (3) “Breathing: Enhancing Feelings of Mastery.” Initially, breathing difficulties and bodily pains were described as physical reactions that seemed utterly incomprehensible to the participants. Communication, both verbal and nonverbal, between the patient and the physical therapist was described as vitally important, as was conscious attention to occurrences during the treatment sessions. The participants learned to recognize changes in their breathing patterns, and they became familiar with new bodily sensations. Consequently, they acquired new understanding of these sensations. The feeling and understanding of being an entity (ie, “body and soul”) emerged during therapy. The participants increased their understanding of the interaction between breathing and internal and external influences on their well-being. Their feelings of mastery over their daily lives were enhanced. The therapeutic dialogues gave them the chance to explore, reflect, and become empowered.

Discussion and Conclusion
In experiencing their own breathing, the participants were able to access and identify the muscular and emotional patterns that, linked to particular thoughts and beliefs, had become their characteristic styles of relating to themselves and the world.
The trade‐off between flood‐ and shade‐tolerance: A mortality episode in Carpinus caroliniana in a floodplain forest, Texas
Authors: Mann Lisa E. , Harcombe Paul A. , Elsik I. Sandra , Hall Rosine B.W. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractQuestion:Is a rapid decline in abundance of a dominant species in a bottomland hardwood forest evidence for a trade‐off between flood‐ and shade‐tolerance?Location:Bottomland hardwood forest in east Texas, USA.Methods:We used 23 years of data on marked individuals to examine abundance, mortality, recruitment and growth of trees before and after a long growing season flood.Results:A decline of 47% in abundance and 49% in basal area of Carpinus caroliniana (Betulaceae) occurred between 1989 and 1994 in a bottomland hardwood forest following a long summer flood. Other major species showed little change in abundance or basal area. The Carpinus decline was greater at low elevations suggesting the importance of flooding. Carpinus is rated among the least flood‐tolerant species in the system. It differs from other species of similar flood tolerance in adult stature (midstory) and shade tolerance (tolerant).Conclusions:The trade‐off between flood tolerance and shade tolerance can influence dynamics of floodplain forests.
White‐Matter Structural Connectivity and Alzheimer's Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Liu Siyu , Geng Daoying 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) and white‐matter structural connectivity have been linked in some observational studies, although it is unknown if this is a causal relationship. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of various white‐matter structural connectivity on AD via a two‐sample multivariate Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.MethodsThe genome‐wide association study (GWAS) of Wainberg et al. provided the summary data on white‐matter structural connectivity, and Bellenguez et al.’s study provided the GWAS aggregated data for AD. MR methods included inverse variance weighted, Mendelian randomization Egger, simple mode, weighted median, and weighted mode. Heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy, and “leave‐one‐out” analysis guaranteed the robustness of causation. Finally, reverse MR analysis was conducted on the white‐matter structural connectivity that showed positive results in the forward MR analysis.ResultsAmong 206 white‐matter structural connections, we identified 10 connections were strongly correlated with genetic susceptibility to AD. Right‐hemisphere limbic network to thalamus white‐matter structural connectivity and Right‐hemisphere salience_ventral attention network to accumbens white‐matter structural connectivity were positively correlated with the likelihood of AD, while the remaining 8 white‐matter structural connections were negatively related with AD. None of the above 10 white‐matter structural connections have a reverse causal relationship with AD.ConclusionOur MR study reveals a certain degree of association between white‐matter structural connectivity and AD, which may provide support for future diagnosis and treatment of AD.
Channel Estimation Based Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces for Massive MIMO System Considering Spatially Correlated Channels
Authors: Amadid Jamal , Khabba Asma , El Ouadi Zakaria , Zeroual Abdelouhab 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRecently, many fundamental technologies have emerged to boost and improve the performance of existing and future wireless communication systems, one of these technologies being the utilization of intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS). This work investigates the channel estimation and spectral efficiency (SE) of a Massive multiple‐input multiple‐output (M‐MIMO) system based on an IRS for spatially correlated channels. The system's performance is evaluated in terms of both channel estimation and SE, utilizing the minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimator. Accordingly, a three‐stage M‐MIMO channel estimation assisted by an IRS using the pilot sequences in a more practical propagation environment, that is, spatially correlated channels, wherein the IRS components empower the BS to estimate the uplink reflected channel state information (CSI) (i.e., estimation of reflected channels). In addition, the three stages channel estimate based on pilot sequences is computed and evaluated using the MMSE estimator and the normalized‐mean square error (NMSE) metric, respectively. In this framework, this work proposes a local multiple scattering (LMS) model that describes the spatial correlation (SC) over the proposed uniform rectangular array (URA) by relying on the LMS model that describes the SC over a ULA configuration. In other words, using the Kronecker product (KP) of the correlation matrix constructed through a ULA, we built the correlation matrix that describes the SC over the proposed URA. In contrast to the linear array, the proposed array design is more constrained, leading to a higher degree of SC and better channel estimation quality. Numerical results are provided to assert and validate both our theoretical expression, as well as, the effectiveness of the proposed configuration.
No‐Shows in a Tertiary Care Pediatric Otolaryngology Clinic: Predictors and Impact on Provider Productivity
Authors: Sunkara Yukta , Ulualp Seckin O. , Robinson Kimberly , Lenes‐Voit Felicity , Liu Christopher C. , Mitchell Ron B. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesNo‐show appointments (NS) lead to a mismatch between supply and expected demand, operational inefficiency, decreased access to care, and economic deficit. We evaluated the predictors and impact of NS on provider productivity in a tertiary pediatric otolaryngology clinic.MethodsPatients who had a pediatric otolaryngology clinic appointment were identified. Demographics, type of appointment and clinic visit, provider, insurance, appointment lead time, time of the appointment, caregiver income, distance to the clinic, and season of the year were analyzed. Predictors of NS and loss of providers' work‐RVUs and revenue were assessed. NS and non‐NS populations were compared using χ2 test for categorical variables and Mann–Whitney test for continuous variables. Multivariable analysis was performed with a binary logistics regression model for the prediction of NS.ResultsOf 24,593 appointments, 10,392 (42%) were female, (age median = 5 years) and of the 4627 NS 2016 (44%) were female, (age median = 5 years). Logistic regression identified male (OR: 0.093, 95% CI [0.88–0.99], p = 0.04), Black/African American race (OR: 1.97, 95% CI [1.72–2.26], p < 0.001), spring (OR: 0.88, 95% CI [0.80–0.97], p = 0.007), summer (OR: 0.90, 95% CI [0.83–0.99], p = 0.04), clinic focus‐general clinic (OR: 1.32, 95% CI [1.20–1.45], p < 0.001), and appointment lead times of 0–7 days (OR: 0.36, 95% CI [0.29–0.46], p < 0.001), 8–14 days (OR: 0.49, 95% CI [0.39–0.63], p < 0.001), 15–30 days (OR: 0.60, 95% CI [0.47–0.76], p < 0.001) were predictive of NS. The estimated loss of work‐RVU ranged from 3852 to 14,820, and the estimated loss of revenue ranged from $276,831 to $959,908 per year.ConclusionsNo‐show appointments led to a substantial loss of provider productivity and revenue. Of the multiple demographic and clinic visit determinants associated with high NS rates, appointment lead time can be tested in future studies of strategies to reduce NS.Level of Evidence4
U-NET-based deep learning for automated detection of lathe checks in homogeneous wood veneers
Authors: Marc Caroline , Marcon Bertrand , Denaud Louis , Girardon Stéphane 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Automated detection of lathe checks in wood veneers presents significant challenges due to their variability and the natural properties of wood. This study explores the use of two convolutional neural networks (U-Net architecture) to enhance the precision and efficiency of lathe checks detection in poplar veneers. The approach involves sequential application of two U-Nets: the first for detecting lathe checks through semantic segmentation, and the second for refining these predictions by connecting fragmented lathe checks. Post-processing techniques are applied to denoise the mappings and extract precise lathe check characteristics. The first U-Net demonstrated strong performance in predicting lathe check presence, with precision and recall scores of 0.822 and 0.835, respectively. The second U-Net refined predictions by linking disjointed segments, improving the overall lathe checks mapping process. Comparative analysis with manual methods revealed comparable or superior performance of the automated approach, especially for shallow lathe checks. The results highlight the potential of the proposed method for efficient and reliable lathe check detection in wood veneers.
Digital design and manufacturing of a railway bogie demonstrator via multi-material wire arc directed energy deposition
Authors: Queguineur Antoine , Daareyni Amirmohammad , Mokhtarian Hossein , Isakov Matti , Rook Remco , Ya Wei , Goulas Constantinos , Hascoët Jean-Yves , Ituarte Iñigo Flores 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The sequential digital design and manufacturing of components play a crucial role in realizing the industrial potential of directed energy deposition (DED), particularly when employing an electric arc as the energy source to melt a filler wire (DED-ARC). This study explores the application of DED-ARC for manufacturing large-scale, load-bearing structures, using a railway bogie as a case study. Originally a cast Bettendorf-type design, the bogie was redesigned using a multi-material approach. High-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel was utilized in high-stress areas, while low-carbon steel was used elsewhere to reduce mass, enhance manufacturability, and improve repairability. The workflow included computer-aided design (CAD), topological optimization, finite element analysis (FEA), material selection, and iterative CAD modifications to address process constraints. The redesigned bogie underwent pre-manufacturing, fabrication, and a final scan of the as-built part. Representative multi-material wall samples were characterized, revealing typical microstructures and elastic limits of 468 MPa and 737 MPa for ER70S-6 and ER100S-G, respectively. These tensile properties were incorporated into FEA verification simulations, demonstrating a higher safety factor compared to the original design. A CAD-to-part analysis, including scan comparisons, highlighted manufacturing-induced deformation, material-dependent over-thickness, and localized geometric variations. This study offers a comprehensive overview of the DED-ARC process, from design through characterization, and demonstrates its capability to produce high-quality industrial components. The findings underscore the manufacturability and potential of DED-ARC for fabricating robust, multi-material structures for demanding applications.
Influence of real-world cue exposure and mood states on drinking: testing neurobiological models of alcohol use disorder
Authors: Meredith Lindsay R. , BaskervilleMann Wave-Ananda , Lee Carrie , Grodin Erica N. , Wassum Kate M. , Ray Lara A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Rationale
Two prominent neurobiological models of addiction, the allostatic and incentive-sensitization models, have guided clinical research on alcohol use disorder (AUD). While these models are often viewed in isolation, it is plausible these theories are complimentary.

Objectives
Use naturalistic, daily diary reports to determine whether positive and negative mood states influence alcohol cue sensitivity in a clinical sample with AUD.

Methods
This is an exploratory analysis of daily diary data collected from a non-treatment seeking sample with current AUD over two weeks. Eligible adult participants (N = 50) were enrolled in a medication trial for AUD. Each morning, participants retrospectively reported on pre-drinking mood states, alcohol cue exposure, and craving levels, and subsequent alcohol intake occurring the previous day. Multilevel models tested the singular and interactive relationships between cue exposure and mood states with craving and drinking. Within-person and between-person outcomes were assessed. Exploratory analyses examined whether individuals with withdrawal-related dysphoria were more vulnerable to mood states and cue-reactivity.

Results
Greater cue exposure was associated with higher daily drinking levels (p = .001), but not daily alcohol craving. Higher negative mood (p < .0001) and lower positive mood (p = .012) were associated with higher daily alcohol craving, but not same-day drinking. As negative mood levels increased (p < .01) and positive mood levels decreased (p = .010), the relationship between cue exposure and same-day drinking became stronger. These findings were most pronounced among those with withdrawal-related dysphoria.

Conclusions
Findings provided concomitant support for the allostatic model and incentive-sensitization model as determinants of alcohol craving and drinking among individuals with AUD.
Percutaneous Biliary Neo-Anastomosis of Inadvertently Operatively Excluded Right Posterior Bile Ducts: A Durable and Highly Successful Procedure
Authors: Nakhostin D. , Petrowsky Henrik , Puippe G. , Kobe A. , Pfammatter T. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the feasibility and outcome of percutaneous biliary neo-anastomosis (PBNA) by means of fluoroscopy-guided enteral/biliary puncture, followed by temporary percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD).

Materials and Methods
Four patients (25% female, mean age 56 years) were referred for PBNA (bilio-entero-neo-anastomosis, n = 3; bilio-biliary-neo-anastomosis, n = 1) between 2007 and 2021. They presented with right posterior bile duct exclusion and bile leakage after major liver or pancreatic surgery, or hemiliver transplant. After puncture of the excluded/leaking bile duct, neo-anastomosis was performed under fluoroscopic guidance using the back end of a 0.018″ guidewire (n = 3) or a vascular reentry device (n = 1). PTBDs were inserted to assure PBNA healing.

Results
Technical success rate was 100%. No complications occurred. All PTBDs were removed (median = 65 days). During a median follow-up of 2.8 years, two patients died due to unrelated causes. No subsequent bile leakages or re-occlusions were observed.

Conclusion
In conclusion, PBNA is feasible and safe, and offers long-term biliary patency even in liver-transplanted patients.
Latency to delivery and incidence of adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes in preterm premature rupture of membranes before 32 weeks
Authors: Seravalli Viola , Colucci Chiara , Di Cencio Chiara , Morucchio Anna , Barsanti Federica , Di Tommaso Mariarosaria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the average latency to delivery, obstetric outcomes and neonatal survival in pregnancies complicated by preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) before 32 weeks.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted on pregnant women admitted for PPROM before 32 weeks. Patients were categorized into three groups based on gestational age (GA) at PPROM (< 24, 24 to 28, 28 to 32 weeks). Latency to delivery, obstetric outcomes and neonatal survival were analyzed.

Results
86 women who had PPROM before 32 weeks were identified. The mean GA at PPROM was 26.1 weeks and the median latency to delivery was 16 days (IQR 4, 27). The median latency to delivery was 22 days for previable PPROM, 11 days for PPROM between 24 and 28 weeks, and 16 days for PPROM between 28 and 32 weeks (p = 0.29). All cases of placental abruption (7/86, 8%) and cord prolapse (6/86, 7%) occurred in women with PPROM before 28 weeks. In 44% of PPROM, placental histology demonstrated chorionamnionitis. Neonatal survival at discharge was significantly lower in previable PPROM (< 24 weeks) compared to PPROM at 24–26 weeks (58% vs 92%, p = 0.04), and it reached 100% in cases of PPROM after 28 weeks.

Conclusion
In PPROM occurring before 32 weeks the median latency to delivery ranged between 11 and 22 days. Neonatal survival improves with higher GA at PPROM, and it increases by more than 33% when PPROM occurs after 24 weeks of gestation. These data may be valuable for patient counselling.
Contributions to the flora of Kazakhstan, genera Arthrophytum and Haloxylon
Authors: Osmonali Bektemir B. , Vesselova Polina V. , Kudabayeva Gulmira M. , Ussen Serikbay , Abdildanov Daulet Sh. , Friesen Nikolai 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The article discusses the results of comparative analysis of morphological, anatomical and molecular genetic structure of species Arthrophytum longibracteatum, Arthrophytum balchaschense, and Haloxylon aphyllum). Morphological-anatomical and molecular genetic methods were used during the study. To clarify the correctness of species identification, the collected specimens were compared with the Type specimen of Arthrophytum balchaschense stored at the Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction (AA). Other herbaria specimens of this species stored in the AA herbarium and herbaria collections: MW LE and TASH were also reviewed. With the help of QGIS programme, a map of the location points of the studied specimens was made. The conducted studies allowed to form a proof base of clear belonging of Arthrophytum balchaschense to the genus Haloxylon. This circumstance became the reason for the necessity of nomenclatural changes consisting in assignment of Arthrophytum balchaschense to the genus Haloxylon under the name Haloxylon balchaschense (Iljin) Osmonali, Veselova & Kudab. This species has a central-eastern-North Turanian distribution, being endemic to the flora of Kazakhstan.