bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis B surface antigen in spinal fluid
Authors: Spiegel Robert J. , Tabor Edward , Pizzo Philip A. , Gerety Robert J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of five of nine leukemia patients with HBsAg‐positive sera. These five CSF samples were shown to be free of occult blood using a sensitive hemoglobin extraction technique. The presence of HBsAg in CSF was unrelated to cranial irradiation, prior lumbar punctures, or current chemotherapy. The findings indicate that many blood‐free CSF specimens from HBsAg‐positive patients, as well as all blood‐contaminated specimens, contain detectable HBsAg. This suggests that CSF from patients who are HBsAg‐positive should be handled with care, as it may be capable of trasmitting hepatitis B to health care personnel caring for these patients and laboratory personnel handling their specimens.
Thyroid function in pediatric patients after neck irradiation for Hodgkin disease
Authors: Green Daniel M. , Brecher Martin L. , Yakar Daniel , Blumenson Leslie E. , Lindsay Alan N. , Voorhess Mary L. , MacGillivray Margaret , Freeman Arnold I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThyroid function was evaluated in a consecutively treated group of children and adolescents with Hodgkin disease who received incidental radiation to the thyroid gland. Ten of 27 (36.7%) were found to have elevated concentrations of thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH).Two groups of patients had an increased incidence of thyroid dysfunction — those who had not had a pretreatment lymphangiogram and those who were less than 13 years of age at the time of neck irradiation. The estimated percentage of patients who did not have a pretreatment lymphangiogram who will develop TSH elevation was 67.7% and of patients who were 13 years of age or less when irradiated, 64.8%. Thyroid dysfunction developed in 6/7 patients who had both of these risk factors present.
Osteonecrosis in patients with Hodgkin disease following combination chemotherapy
Authors: Albala Maurice M. , Steinfeld Alan D. , Khilnani Mansho T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree cases of osteonecrosis in patients receiving prednisone as part of multidrug chemotherapy for lymphoma are presented. These patients are discussed in the context of previously reported series. The etiology of steroid‐induced osteonecrosis and its radiologic manifestations are reviewed with regard to the need for biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. In light of this complication, the need for prednisone in lymphoma chemotherapy is considered.
Clinical, haematological, and radiological features of children presenting with lymphoblastic mediastinal masses
Authors: Mathew P. M. , Prangnell D. R. , Cole A. J. L. , Hill F. G. H. , Shah K. J. , Jones P. H. Morris , Martin J. , Palmer M. K. , Thompson E. N. , Eden O. B. , Mott M. G. , Mann J. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring 1968–1978, 68 children presented in six centres in the United Kingdom with lymphoblastic mediastinal masses. The disease was classified as acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in 49 children whose bone marrow aspirates contained > 20% lymphoblasts, and as lymphoma (Sternberg lymphosarcoma — LS) in 19 with < 20% marrow infiltration. Males predominated in both groups, and children with ALL had more visceromegaly and lymphadenopathy, lower haemoglobin levels and platelet counts, and higher white cell counts. The most common chest x‐ray finding in both groups was a nonspecific anterior mediastinal mass, but the appearances varied considerably and could be classified into three categories, which are illustrated. Pleural effusions were present in 44%. Cell surface‐marker studies showed T cell characteristics in 14 of the 17 patients tested.Response to treatment and complications, such as central nervous system (CNS) and testicular relapse, were similar in ALL and LS, and were related to the size of the initial tumour load. Median remission lengths were 37 weeks for ALL and 89 weeks for LS patients. Leukaemic transformation occurred in 47% of LS children. Compared with the outcome in ALL children without mediastinal mass, the results of treatment were poor, regardless of the protocol used, and prophylactic therapy to the CNS reduced the frequency of, but did not eliminate, CNS disease.
Studies on the antidiuretic effect of cyclophosphamide: Vasopressin release and sodium excretion
Authors: Bode U. , Seif S. M. , Levine A. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo elucidate the mechanism of cyclophosphamide (CTX)‐induced antidiuresis, plasma and urine volume as well as serum electrolytes, creatinine, osmolality, and appropriate hormones were monitored serially during 19 courses of chemotherapy. In spite of plasma hypotonicity and urinary hypertonicity, the plasma vasopressin concentrations were unaltered. Intravenous isotonic hydration did not prevent water retention, but did not lead to plasma hypotonicity, and compensated for modest urinary sodium losses. Furosemide diuresis did not prevent the development of hyponatremia in patients receiving hypotonic hydration. The results indicate that the origin of this self‐limited syndrome is a direct effect of CTX on the renal tubule, permitting increased water reabsorption and sodium loss. The likelihood that water and salt imbalance will develop after CTX administration can be reduced by vigorous isotonic hydration, and pharmacological diuresis.
Failure of early intensive chemotherapy to improve prognosis in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Camitta Bruce M. , Pinkel Donald , Thatcher L. G. , Casper James , Kun Larry E. , Lauer Stephen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe ability of intensive therapy, early in remission, to improve prognosis in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia was tested in a randomized study. The intensive treatment included cyclophosphamide (200 mg/m2 IV weekly × 4) and Adriamycin (40 mg/m2 IV weeks 1 and 3). These drugs were not utilized during the induction or continuation phases of therapy. Treatment groups were similar with respect to patient age, sex, initial white cell count, and leukemic cell immunologic phenotype. Sixteen of 28 children who received the intensive phase of treatment relapsed, and one died in remission (pneumocystis pneumonia); 14/26 children who did not receive the intensive phase of treatment relapsed, and one died in remission (malignant histiocytosis). Times and sites of relapse were similar in both groups. Pneumocystis pneumonia (three cases) and herpes zoster (two cases) occurred only in children who received the intensive phase of treatment. In this study and in previously published reports, an early intensive phase of therapy did not improve prognosis in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia who also received three‐drug induction therapy, central nervous system prophylaxis, and continuation therapy with two or more agents.
Tumor regression of human retinoblastoma in the nude mouse following photoradiation therapy: A preliminary report
Authors: Benedict William F. , Lingua Robert W. , Doiron Daniel R. , Dawson Jo Ann , Murphree A. Linn 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRetinoblastoma is the most common malignant intraocular neoplasm of childhood. Enucleation of both eyes is necessary in some advanced cases where radiotherapy and other modalities of treatment have failed. We present in this paper our initial observation that photoradiation therapy (the combination of the photosensitizing drug, hematoporphyrin derivative, and red light) produces marked tumor cytotoxicity in human retinoblastoma heterotransplanted into the anterior chamber of the nude mouse eye.
Gonadal function in pediatric patients following treatment for hodgkin disease
Authors: Green Daniel M. , Brecher Martin L. , Lindsay Allan N. , Yakar Daniel , Voorhess Mary L. , MacGillivray Margaret H. , Freeman Arnold I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGonadal function was assessed by determination of the serum levels of follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in 24 children and adolescents 6—98 months after completion of treatment for Hodgkin disease that included pelvic irradiation and/or combination chemotherapy. Four of the five women and six of the nine men who received pelvic irradiation had elevations of serum FSH. Nine of these patients with an elevated FSH received combination chemotherapy in addition to pelvic irradiation. Five of seven males who received combination chemotherapy but no pelvic irradiation and were postpubertal at the time of evaluation had an elevated FSH level. Three of these five were prepubertal at the time of treatment. These results suggest that gonadal dysfunction occurred frequently among children and adolescents following treatment that included combination chemotherapy for Hodgkin disease.
The cytosine arabinoside (Ara‐C) syndrome
Authors: Castleberry R. P. , Crist William M. , Holbrook Tate , Malluh Ahmad , Gaddy Debra 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFour patients with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma and two with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ages 4 years 4 months to 16 years 6 months) exhibited a unique reaction to intravenously administered cytosine arabinoside (Ara‐C) given alone as a part of the previously reported LSA2‐L2 treatment protocol. The syndrome was characterized by fever, myalgia, bone pain, and occasionally by chest pain, maculopapular rash, and conjunctivitis. Each of the eleven episodes of this syndrome occurred within 6–12 hours of drug infusion and always abated after cessation of Ara‐C. Prior to the reaction, patients had been on therapy for an average of 13.5 months during which they were exposed to 2298–5387 mg/m2 (mean of 3200 mg/m2) of Ara‐C.The high incidence of this syndrome (50% of our patients on the LSA2‐L2 regimen and 33% of those receiving Ara‐C) has not been previously reported. Considering the prolonged exposure to Ara‐C and our inability to document infections in the patients or pyrogens contaminating the drug lots, the most likely explanation for this syndrome is a hypersensitivity reaction to Ara‐C. Prevention of these symptoms with corticosteroids supports this contention and provides a reasonable alternative to discontinuing Ara‐C.
Hodgkin disease as the terminal malignancy in richter syndrome
Authors: Cosgriff Thomas M. , McCloskey Donald W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of Richter syndrome in which autopsy revealed typical infiltrates of Hodgkin disease, including Reed—Sternberg cells, is reported. Previous reports of this association have met with skepticism. Clinical findings in patients with Hodgkin infiltrates do not differ from those with histiocytic lymphoma, except for the more frequent occurrence of a declining lymphocyte count. The present case is further evidence that Hodgkin disease does occur as a terminal malignancy in Richter syndrome.
Disseminated mycobacterium kansasii presenting with skin lesions in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Tempero Margaret A. , Smith Philip W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia developed skin lesions from which Mycobacterium kansasii was cultured. The organism was also recovered from sputum cultures. Twenty‐three additional cases of disseminated M kansasii infection are reviewed. This disease tends to occur in patients with altered immune response, and atypical histology of tissue specimens may delay diagnosis and treatment.
Radionuclide scanning in children with rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Weinblatt Mark E. , Miller John H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRadionuclide scintigraphy was performed in 46 children with rhabdomyosarcoma. Of the 63 radiologically confirmed sites of bone disease, 76% were detected by 99mTc‐labeled phosphate uptake. All 15 sites of hepatic involvement and eight of the nine cranial sites of disease exhibited isotope accumulation. Gallium 67 scans showed 57% of the 43 proven sites of disease, including four previously unsuspected areas. Twelve false‐positive sites were obtained with gallium. Radionuclide scanning is a valuable aid in the diagnostic evaluation and management of childhood rhabdomyosarcoma.
Intrapleural therapy of malignant pleurisy in patients with neuroblastoma
Authors: Ha K. , Tawa A. , Ikeda T. , Tanaka J. , Okada A. , Yabuuchi H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree children with advanced neuroblastoma developed pleural effusion in the course of their disease. This unusual complication was successfully treated with intrapleural administration of a nonspecific “immunostimulatory” agent; cell wall skeleton of Nocardia rubra (N‐cws). The side effects of this procedure were mild and well tolerated even in infants in spite of their terminal stage. Intrapleural therapy in this study seemed to be useful for the treatment of pediatric malignant pleurisy.
Cyclical combination chemotherapy and thyroid function in patients with advanced hodgkin's disease
Authors: Sutcliffe S. B. , Chapman Ramona , Wrigley P. F. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractClinical and biochemical assessment of thyroid function was undertaken in patients with Hodgkin's disease at designated points following diagnosis. At diagnosis, two of 20 patients had either abnormally low routine thyroid indices, or elevated thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels that were not due to iodine‐based investigations. Following lymphography, 76.5% of patients had TSH levels that remained elevated for a median period of 3 months. No detectable thyroid dysfunction was induced during chemotherapy. Fifty‐four patients were studied at a median time of 35 months after chemotherapy. One euthyroid patient had a nodular goitre, and one had abnormal thyroid indices. TSH levels were elevated in 44% of patients, although the median TSH level for the group was normal. Half the patients had abnormal TRH stimulation tests. Sixty patients were studied after irradiation and chemotherapy. Four patients had clinical thyroid dysfunction, and 10% of routine thyroid indices were abnormal. TSH levels were abnormal in 80%, with a markedly elevated median level. All thyroid releasing hormone stimulation tests were abnormal.
Childhood cancer in offspring of two wilms tumor survivors
Authors: Kantor Arlene F. , Li Frederick P. , Fraumeni Joseph F. , Curnen Mary G. Mccrea , Flannery John T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA search was made for cancers among offspring and siblings of 149 Connecticut‐born children with Wilms tumor reported to the Connecticut Tumor Registry during 1935 to 1973. Nasopharyngeal rhabdomyosarcoma developed in the daughter of a man with unilateral Wilms tumor that also affected his sister. Hodgkin disease developed in the daughter of a woman who had unilateral Wilms tumor. One other patient had a sibling with Wilms tumor and three had a sibling with other cancers (two Hodgkin disease, one testicular seminoma). The survey suggests an excess risk of other forms of cancer among the progeny and siblings of Wilms tumor patients.
Low‐dose bleomycin lung
Authors: Wilson Kenneth S. , Worth Anne , Richards A. Gerald , Ford Hugh S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA patient with retroperitoneal diffuse histiocytic lymphoma treated with combination chemotherapy developed breathlessness and fever after receiving 30 units of bleomycin. At this stage pulmonary function tests were impaired and gallium scanning showed diffuse uptake in both lungs although a chest X‐ray film was normal. Bleomycin treatment was stopped but interstitial infiltrates appeared on subsequent chest X‐ray films. Open lung biopsy showed histologic changes of bleomycin toxicity. After treatment with prednisone, the patient felt well and was shown to have a normal gallium scan and normal respiratory function studies.
Unusual metastatic pattern in testicular malignant teratoma
Authors: Wassenaar Henk A. , Roos Raymund A. C. , Spaander Piet Jan , Van Oosterom Allan T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 25‐year‐old man presented with a malignant teratoma of the right testicle. After orchidectomy, the results of the surgical staging procedure were negative. Although pulmonary metastasis did not occur, massive bone marrow involvement with a bleeding tendency and hypercalcemic nephropathy developed. The response to chemotherapy was excellent, but after the attainment of a complete remission the patient developed carcinomatous leptomeningitis, which was confirmed at autopsy as cause of death.
Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia complicated by severe cytophagocytosis of formed blood elements by nonmalignant histiocytes: Cause of significant clinical morbidity
Authors: Theodorakis Michael E. , Zamkoff Kenneth W. , Davey Frederick R. , Ginsberg Sandra J. , Cass Diane L. , Gottlieb Arlan J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 52‐year‐old female presented with Philadelphia chromosome‐positive acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and a morphologically benign‐appearing histiocytosis with intramedullary cytophagocytosis of formed blood elements. No cause of the reactive histiocytosis could be found. Despite initial successful therapy of the acute nonlymphocytic leukemia with induction of a cytological remission, pancytopenia with marked cytophagocytosis persisted. Therapy aimed at reducing the degree of cytophagocytosis by the histiocytes, in the form of vinblastine‐treated platelets and, subsequently, prednisone, was instituted. There was no significant clinical response to either therapeutic maneuver. Cytophagocytosis persisted until leukemic relapse and death ensued.
The association of aniridia and wilms' tumor: Methods of surveillance and diagnosis
Authors: Palmer Nigel , Evans Audrey E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe association between aniridia and Wilms' tumor (WT) is well known. The availability of data on a large number of WT patients entered on the first and second National Wilms' Tumor Studies provided the opportunity to review which examinations had been most effective in detecting the presence of WT in patients being followed with aniridia. The records of 1287 patients were available and 13 or 1% had known aniridia. The details of the prediagnostic studies were available in 9/13 patients. Those nine patients had been examined regularly by IVP at intervals of 3–12 months prior to the discovery of the WT, but in only one was the unsuspected WT detected by these means. In the remaining eight patients, the tumor was discovered by palpation in six and suspected because of hematuria in two. It is concluded that repeated IVP's are not a satisfactory method to diagnose a WT at an early stage and newer radiodiagnostic studies, such as ultrasonography, will probably prove more effective.
Intermittent combination chemotherapy with or without bacillus calmette‐guérin for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia of childhood
Authors: Odom Lorrie Furman , Tubergen David G. , Githens John H. , Heideman Richard L. , Blake Marilyn A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeventy‐four children ranging in age from 6 months to 17.5 years with acute lymphoblastic leukemia newly diagnosed between 1976 and 1979 were entered on a study incorporating intermittent chemotherapy with or without the addition of bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG). The chemotherapy program consisted of induction with vincristine, clexamethasone, and intrathecal methotrexate, intensification with adriamycin and asparaginase, central nervous system treatment with cranial irradiation and intrathecal methotrexate, and continuation treatment with 5‐day courses of combination chemotherapy administered every three weeks. The first phase of continuation therapy incorporated vincristine, adriamycin, 6‐mercaptopurine, and dexamethasone. In the second phase, oral methotrexate was substituted for the adriamycin in non‐T‐cell patients; in T‐cell patients, cytosine arabinoside or cyclophosphamide and methotrexate in alternating cycles were substituted for the adriamycin and asparaginase was added. Total duration of therapy was approximately 2.5 years. Connaught BCG was administered by Heaf gun on days 8 and 15 of each 3‐week cycle for the first 8 months of treatment in approximately one‐third of the patients. Actuarial disease‐free survival with a median follow‐up of 59 months shows no difference in outcome between the BCG and non‐BCG poor‐risk patients. However, there is an improvement in disease‐free survival of BCG‐treated good‐ and average‐risk girls (P = 0.04). While patients were actively receiving BCG there was also a trend toward the development of fewer significant infections than when patients were not receiving BCG (P = 0.85). Toxicities from BCG administration included satellite rashes, local tenderness, lymphadenopathy, secondary infection, and residual scars. Overall disease‐free survival by actuarial analysis is 60% at 6 years; for patients with disease‐tree survival of girls with good‐ and average‐risk prognostic features and also may have decreased the susceptibility to infection while it was being administered. However, the benefit does not appear sufficient to warrant its routine use, especially in view of the toxicities encountered.
Lack of prognostic value of T‐, B‐ and null‐lymphocytes in adult acute leukemia
Authors: Jehn U. , Wachholz K. , Kern D. , Hölzel D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe distribution of T‐, B‐ and null‐lymphocytes was studied in the peripheral blood of 38 adult patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) and 15 with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) at first diagnosis, during induction treatment, and in remission. Thirteen ANLL and 9 ALL patients were followed until relapse and during reinduction therapy. T‐ and B‐cells were detected by specific membrane marker. The pre‐ and posttreatment pattern of lymphocyte subpopulations was analyzed to determine their prognostic significance for remission incidence, remission duration, and survival. It was observed that in both types of leukemia, T‐cells are more affected by the leukemic process and cytostatic drugs than B‐cells. Nonresponding patients possibly have a reduced potential for recruiting precursor T‐ and B‐cells. At first diagnosis, no significant correlation was found between pre‐ or posttreatment variables and prognosis. At relapse, ANLL patients had a longer second remission when a high proportion of B‐cells was found; ALL patients with a high lymphocyte count before and after treatment, experienced longer survival.
Effect of total parenteral nutrition on marrow recovery during induction therapy for acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in childhood
Authors: Hays Daniel M. , Merritt Russell J. , White Leslie , Ashley Judith , Siegel Stuart E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTen well‐nourished children with acute non‐lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) were randomly assigned to groups that received (a) total parenteral nutrition (TPN) throughout the period of induction therapy or (b) standard nutritional support. Body mass and skin hypersensitivity reactions were better maintained in experimental patients. Patients on TPN had higher total white blood counts, absolute granulocyte counts, and platelet counts than did control patients during the course. No difference was apparent in the frequency of febrile episodes, or other aspects of the patients' courses. This preliminary report suggests that intensive nutritional support may accelerate the recovery of normal marrow function during induction therapy for ANLL.