bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glutathione Protects other Cellular Thiols against Oxidation by CuII‐Dp44mT
Authors: Doumi Iman , Lang Lukas , Vileno Bertrand , Deponte Marcel , Faller Peter 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCu‐thiosemicarbazones have been intensively investigated for their application in cancer therapy or as antimicrobials. Copper(II)‐di‐2‐pyridylketone‐4,4‐dimethyl‐thiosemicarbazone (CuII‐Dp44mT) showed anticancer activity in the submicromolar concentration range in cell culture. The interaction of CuII‐Dp44mT with thiols leading to their depletion or inhibition was proposed to be involved in this activity. Indeed, CuII‐Dp44mT can catalyze the oxidation of thiols although with slow kinetics. The present work aims to obtain insights into the catalytic activity and selectivity of CuII‐Dp44mT toward the oxidation of different biologically relevant thiols. Reduced glutathione (GSH), L‐cysteine (Cys), N‐acetylcysteine (NAC), D‐penicillamine (D‐Pen), and the two model proteins glutaredoxin (Grx) and thioredoxin (Trx) were investigated. CuII‐Dp44mT catalyzed the oxidation of these thiols with different kinetics, with rates in the following order D‐Pen>Cys≫NAC>GSH and Trx>Grx. CuII‐Dp44mT was more efficient than CuII chloride for the oxidation of NAC and GSH, but not D‐Pen and Cys. In mixtures of biologically relevant concentrations of GSH and either Cys, Trx, or Grx, the oxidation kinetics and spectral properties were similar to that of GSH alone, indicating that the interaction of these thiols with CuII‐Dp44mT is dominated by GSH. Hence GSH could protect other thiols against potential deleterious oxidation by CuII‐Dp44mT.
Synthesis of Pyridazino[4,5‐b]indoles by [3+3] Annulation of 2‐Alkenylindoles and Hydrazonyl Chlorides
Authors: Zhang Shuting , Zhang Xinyu , Li Lesong , Shi Zhenyu , Wang Yang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA novel [3+3] annulation reaction of 2‐alkenylindoles with hydrazonyl chlorides in the presence of base for the formation of pyridazino[4,5‐b]indoles was developed. This approach provided a convenient and efficient way to synthesize a series of functionalized pyridazino[4,5‐b]indoles derivatives. The method exhibited a broad substrate scope and provided the corresponding pyridazino[4,5‐b]indoles products with excellent yields.
From Stilbenes to carbo‐Stilbenes: an Encouraging Prospect
Authors: Zhu Chongwei , Saquet Alix , Maraval Valérie , Bijani Christian , Cui Xiuling , Poater Albert , Chauvin Remi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBeyond previously described carbo‐naphthalene and carbo‐biphenyl, a novel type of bis‐carbo‐benzenic molecules is envisaged from the stilbene parent. The synthesis, structure, spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of two such carbo‐stilbenes are described at complementary experimental and computational DFT levels. In the selected targets, the bare skeletal carbo‐mer of carbo‐stilbene is decorated by 8 or 10 phenyl groups, 0 or 2 tert‐butyl groups, and 2 n‐octyl chains, the later substituents being introduced to compensate anticipated solubility issues. As in the parent stilbene series, isomers of the phenylated carbo‐stilbenes are characterized. The cis‐ and trans‐isomers are, however, formed in almost equal amounts and could not be separated by either chromatography or crystallization. Nevertheless, due to a slow interconversion at the NMR time scale (up to 55 °C) the 1H NMR signals of both isomers of the two carbo‐stilbenes could be tentatively assigned. The calculated structure of the cis‐isomer exhibits a helical shape, consistent with the observed magnetic shielding of phenyl p‐CH nuclei residing inside the shielding cone of the facing C18 ring. The presence of the two isomers in solution also gives rise to quite broad UV‐vis absorption spectra with main bands at ca 460, 560 and 710 nm, and a significant bathochromic shift for the decaphenylated carbo‐stilbene vs the di‐tert‐butyl‐octaphenylated counterpart. Square wave voltammograms do not show any resolution of the two isomers, giving a reversible reduction wave at −0.65 or −0.58 V/SCE, and an irreversible oxidation peak at 1.11 V/SCE, those values being classical for most carbo‐benzene derivatives. Calculated NICS values (NICS(1)=−12.5±0.2 ppm) also indicate that the aromatic nature of the C18 rings is not markedly affected by the dialkynylbutatriene (DAB) connector between them.
Fractionation of Glycans from Hot‐Water Extracts with Ceramic Ultrafiltration Membranes
Authors: Wolf Marius , Hanstein Stefan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExtraction of hemicelluloses from biomass with pressurized hot‐water employs the mechanism of autohydrolysis for molecular weight reduction. In a pilot‐scale extraction of depectinized apple pomace, molecular weight was 30 kDa with a broad mass distribution including monomers and their degradation products. Ultrafiltration with sequential use of ceramic membranes with decreasing cut‐off yielded a suitable fraction with molecular weight of 9 kDa representing 10 % of the extracted hemicelluloses. Further autohydrolytic treatment of the extracted hemicellulose decreases molecular weight while increasing the mass of degradation products. For a series of hydrolysates sequential filtration through ceramic membranes was further tested for fractionation and purification. The efficiency of this fractionation was analyzed by size exclusion chromatography and a total mass balance of the ultrafiltration process is given as an evaluation for suitability of purifying and fraction glycans.
The Interplay of Spacer Chirality and Parity in Mesogenic Dimers
Authors: Ožegović Antonija , Knežević Anamarija , Novak Jurica , Šegota Suzana , Davidson Patrick , Lesac Andreja 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroducing chirality into soft materials, including liquid crystals (LCs), profoundly impacts their self‐organization and physical properties. In this study, we synthesized a novel series of LC dimers with a chiral center as part of their flexible spacer. The dimers were prepared in racemic and enantiomerically pure forms. Their spacer length and parity were varied to investigate the effect of spacer chirality and parity on mesomorphic behavior and on chiral induction in the nematic phase of achiral mesogens. Our results show that the even‐membered chiral dimers only have chiral nematic phases. In contrast, the odd‐membered dimers display rich mesomorphism, including the intriguing blue phase (BP) and chiral form of the twist‐bend nematic phase (N*TB). The observed significant difference in the 3D surface morphology between the racemic and chiral forms of the N*TB phase suggests that the chiral moiety in the spacer promotes a chiral hierarchy. Furthermore, the chiral dimers show a prominent odd‐even effect in the helical twisting power in nematic hosts. These findings highlight the importance of the position of the chiral group within the dimeric molecule and provide new insights into how intrinsic chirality in the spacer affects the overall structural chirality.
Mechanistic Determinants of Daprodustat Drug–Drug Interactions and Pharmacokinetics in Hepatic Dysfunction and Chronic Kidney Disease: Significance of OATP1B‐CYP2C8 Interplay
Authors: Bi Yi‐An , Jordan Samantha , King‐Ahmad Amanda , West Mark A. , Varma Manthena V. S. 
Published: February 2024

Daprodustat is the first oral hypoxia‐inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor approved recently for the treatment of anemia caused by chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adults receiving dialysis. We evaluated the role of organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP)1B‐mediated hepatic uptake transport in the pharmacokinetics (PKs) of daprodustat using in vitro and in vivo studies, and physiologically‐based PK (PBPK) modeling of its drug–drug interactions (DDIs) with inhibitor drugs. In vitro, daprodustat showed specific transport by OATP1B1/1B3 in the transfected cell systems and primary human and monkey hepatocytes. A single‐dose oral rifampin (OATP1B inhibitor) reduced daprodustat intravenous clearance by a notable 9.9 ± 1.2‐fold (P < 0.05) in cynomolgus monkeys. Correspondingly, volume of distribution at steady‐state was also reduced by 5.0 ± 1.1‐fold, whereas the half‐life change was minimal (1.5‐fold), corroborating daprodustat hepatic uptake inhibition by rifampin. A PBPK model accounting for OATP1B‐CYP2C8 interplay was developed, which well described daprodustat PK and DDIs with gemfibrozil (CYP2C8 and OATP1B inhibitor) and trimethoprim (weak CYP2C8 inhibitor) within 25% error of the observed data in healthy subjects. About 18‐fold increase in daprodustat area under the curve (AUC) following gemfibrozil treatment was found to be associated with strong CYP2C8 inhibition and moderate OATP1B inhibition. Moreover, PK modulation in hepatic dysfunction and subjects with CKD, in comparison to healthy control, was well‐captured by the model. CYP2C8 and/or OATP1B inhibitor drugs (e.g., gemfibrozil, clopidogrel, rifampin, and cyclosporine) were predicted to perpetrate moderate‐to‐strong DDIs in healthy subjects, as well as, in target CKD population. Daprodustat can be used as a sensitive CYP2C8 index substrate in the absence of OATP1B modulation.
Insulin requirements during pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes treated with insulin pump
Authors: Dori‐Dayan Nimrod , Cukierman‐Yaffe Tali , Zemet Roni , Cohen Ohad , Levi Keren , Mazaki‐Tovi Shali , Yoeli‐Ullman Rakefet 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionInsulin requirement in women with Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) changes throughout pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine the total change in insulin requirements and the effect of gestational weight gain (GWG) and pre‐gestational BMI on insulin requirements during pregnancy in women with T1DM treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and continuous glucose monitoring.MethodsThis historical cohort study included all consecutive women with T1DM who were monitored during pregnancy at the high‐risk pregnancy clinic at a tertiary medical center during April 2011–April 2019. One Way Repeated Measures ANOVA with Bonferroni adjustment was conducted to compare the effects of gestational age on insulin requirements and a Two Way Repeated Measures ANOVA was employed to test for the interaction between gestational age intervals and maternal BMI and GWG.ResultsData regarding insulin requirements of 185 pregnancies were included in the analyses. There was a significant effect of gestational age on total insulin (Wilks' Lambda = 0.34, F(6,14) = 4.52, p = 0.009), basal insulin (Wilks' Lambda = 0.41, F(6,14) = 3.30, p = 0.031) and bolus insulin (Wilks' Lambda = 0.43, F(6,14) = 3.02, p = 0.041). Total insulin/kg requirements increased by 5.5% from 13–20 weeks to 20–26 weeks, 19% from 20–26 weeks to 26–33 weeks, and 17.4% from 26 to 33 weeks to delivery (p for trend = 0.009). Overall, insulin requirements increased by 42.1% from conception to delivery (p < 0.01).There was no significant main effect of maternal BMI or GWG on insulin requirements.ConclusionsThere is a significant increase in insulin requirements per kg during pregnancy in women with T1DM who were treated with an insulin pump.
Natural vegetation biomass and the dimension of forest quality in tropical agricultural landscapes
Authors: de Toledo Renato Miazaki , Pivello Vania Regina , Perring Michael Philip , Verdade Luciano Martins 
Published: February 2024

AbstractForest cover has been a pivotal indicator of biological conservation and carrying capacity for wildlife in forest ecoregions. Such a relationship underpins policies focused on the extension of protected lands. Here, we estimate aboveground biomass (AGB) as a proxy for habitat quality in seminatural rural patches and provide a comparison with approaches that only consider forest cover. We hypothesize that recommendations for biological conservation in agricultural landscapes are substantially improved if habitat quality is also taken into account, and thus consider the possibility of forest quality being modulated by land‐use amount, type, and age. We assessed AGB in a densely farmed Brazilian region using a straightforward approach designed to be affordable at large scales, focusing on two expanding and contrasting land uses: sugarcane, and eucalyptus plantations. At a detailed scale, we confirmed through field surveys and AGB estimation using 3D‐multispectral imagery (i.e., AGB = 0.842 × vegetation heightNDVI+1) that AGB variation could be predicted with forest degradation classes that are visually distinguishable with high‐resolution images: 9.33 t ha−1 (90% predictive intervals [PI] = [3.23, 26.97]) in regenerating fields (RF), 31.12 t ha−1 (90% PI = [10.77, 89.90]) in pioneer woods (PW), and 149.04 t ha−1 (90% PI = [51.59, 430.58]) in dense forests (DF). Applying these values to land units sampled across the study region, we found an average land use of 88.5%, together with 11.5% of land set aside for conservation, which reduced AGB to less than 4.2% of its potential (averages of 5.85 t ha−1 in sugarcane‐dominated areas and 6.56 t ha−1 in eucalyptus‐dominated areas, with secondary forests averaging 149.04 t ha−1). This imbalance between forest cover and AGB resulted from forest quality decay, which was similarly severe among land‐use types, ages, and extensions. Therefore, the shortage of trophic resources is likely more critical to wildlife than spatial limitations in vastly deforested tropical ecoregions, where AGB and carbon sinks can be more than doubled just by restoring forests in lands currently spared by agriculture.
Electrocatalytic dehalogenation in the applications of organic synthesis and environmental degradation
Authors: Zhao Zhefei , Yao Xuyao , Zhang Linlin , Yu Ruopeng , Xu Yinghua , Chu Youqun , Mao Xinbiao , Zheng Huajun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic dehalogenation technology is a promising approach for the synthesis of chemicals (such as pesticides and pharmaceutical intermediates) and the disposal of halogenated organic pollutants. Compared with the traditional chemical reduction technology, the electrocatalytic reduction dehalogenation method has the advantages of high efficiency, controllable operation, and reduced secondary pollution. This review systematically consolidates the recent advances in the electrocatalytic dehalogenation in the application of organic synthesis and environmental degradation, focusing on the involved mechanisms, and influences factors (e.g., electrocatalysts, solution environment, and reaction conditions) on the performance of electrocatalytic dehalogenation. Furthermore, the latest characterization and analytical methods and the industrial application of electrocatalytic dehalogenation technology are summarized. Lastly, the existing challenges and perspectives are proposed for efficient electrocatalytic dehalogenation.
The effects of plum products consumption on lipid profile in adults: A systematic review and dose–response meta‐analysis
Authors: Heydarian Azadeh , Tahvilian Negin , Asbaghi Omid , Cheshmeh Sahar , Nadery Maryam , Aryaeian Naheed 
Published: February 2024

AbstractConsumption of plum does not yet clearly affect the lipid profile. To ascertain the advantages of plum consumption on adult lipid profiles, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis. We used pertinent keywords to search the databases of PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science up to November 10th, 2022, in order to find trials that were eligible. According to the analyses, eating plum significantly lowers LDL levels compared to controls (WMD: −12.50 mg/dL, 95% CI: −22.06, −2.94, p = .010). Although plum consumption did not result in significant changes in TG (WMD: 0.56 mg/dL, 95% CI: −6.02, 7.15, p = .866), TC (WMD: −12.35 mg/dL, 95% CI: −25.05, 0.37, p = .057), and HDL concentrations (WMD: −0.39 mg/dL, 95% CI: −4.69, 3.89, p = .855) compared to the control group. Intake of plums, particularly the intervention type of dried plums, significantly decreased TC levels in unhealthy subjects, according to subgroup analysis. The consumption of plums had a notably statistically significant effect on LDL levels when the intervention type was dried plum and unhealthy subjects were enrolled. Due to the very low to moderate quality of meta‐evidence, to show how eating plum improves lipid profile, further high‐quality research are still essential.
Financial regulatory arbitrage and the financialization of commodities
Authors: Zheng Zunxin , Zhang Gaiyan , Ni Yingzhao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe explore the effects of financial regulatory arbitrage on commodity pricing. We examine two types of financial arbitrage: capital‐control arbitrage, in which commodities are imported to circumvent capital controls and profit from disparities in interest rates between domestic and international markets, and dual‐track interest‐rate arbitrage, in which commodities are utilized as collateral to capitalize on domestic dual‐track interest‐rate spreads. Our findings demonstrate that both forms of arbitrage positively affect commodity price returns. However, they affect the inverse relationship between inventory and convenience yield differently. While capital‐control arbitrage can either amplify or weaken this relationship, dual‐track arbitrage makes it less negative.
Postoperative pain management using an intravenous combination of ibuprofen and acetaminophen compared with acetaminophen alone after thyroidectomy: A prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Park Jaesik , Lee Do Kyung , Kim Ji Eun , Bae Ja Seong , Kim Jeong‐Soo , Moon Yung Eun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundMultiple medications are more effective than single agents for postoperative pain management. We investigated the analgesic effects of an intravenous combination of acetaminophen and ibuprofen immediately after thyroidectomy.MethodsIn this double‐blind clinical trial, 62 patients who underwent thyroidectomies were randomized to either the treatment (1000 mg acetaminophen, 300 mg ibuprofen) or control (1000 mg acetaminophen) group. Postoperative pain intensity was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) 0, 15, and 30 min after recovery room admission. Opioid rescue consumption was also recorded.ResultsThe VAS scores were significantly lower in the treatment than in the control group 15 [3 (2–4.3) vs. 5 (3–6); p = 0.015] and 30 [3 (2–4.3) vs. 4 (3–5); p = 0.018] min after recovery room admission, as were the opioid rescue dose requirements (p = 0.033).ConclusionsCombined intravenous acetaminophen and ibuprofen may be better than acetaminophen alone for immediately acute postoperative pain after thyroidectomy.
Flue gas waste heat affects algal liquid temperature for microalgal production in column photobioreactors
Authors: Hu Zhenyu , Wu Yulun , Wang Xin , Yu Zaiyin , Mao Weiguang , Cheng Cai , Che Guanmou , Zhao Long , Li Tuxin , Yang Weijuan , Cheng Jun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo explore the effects of waste heat (50–170°C) from steel plant flue gas on the column photobioreactor algal liquid temperature for microalgal production, a flue gas‐microalgal liquid heat transfer model was developed that simulated the microalgal growth environment for flue‐gas carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation. The simulation results showed that the influence of high‐temperature flue gas weakened with the increasing microalgal liquid temperature due to enhanced evaporation and heat dissipation. Increasing the flue gas temperature and aeration rate resulted in a higher microalgal liquid temperature up to a maximum increase of 4.16°C at an ambient temperature of 25°C, an aeration rate of 2 L/min, and a flue gas temperature of 170°C. In an experiment on the effect of incubation temperature on the growth rate of microalgae, at an optimal temperature of 35°C, the Chlorella sp. PY‐ZU1 growth rate exhibited a remarkable increase of 104.7% compared to that at 42.5°C. Therefore, modulating the flue gas conditions can significantly increase the microalgal growth rate for CO2 fixation, making it a promising approach to increase biomass production for efficient carbon utilization.
A novel treatment strategy for bladder hypoplasia: A case of megaureter in a functional solitary kidney
Authors: Sasaki Yutaro , Takahashi Masayuki , Nishiyama Mitsuki , Kobayashi Saki , Ueno Yoshiteru , Furukawa Junya , Shimada Kenji 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionWe report a case of megaureter in a functional solitary kidney in which surgery was performed after bladder capacity was increased by home bladder cycling.Case presentationA 6‐day‐old girl with a left megaureter, a right multicystic dysplastic kidney, and bladder hypoplasia underwent percutaneous left nephrostomy for obstructive renal failure. At 8 months, home bladder cycling was initiated to increase bladder capacity before the planned ureterocystoneostomy. Surgery was performed after bladder capacity increased. The left ureter was compressed by the left umbilical ligament, so ureteral end‐to‐end anastomosis was performed at 1 year and 4 months. At 2 years and 8 months, cystometry showed age‐appropriate bladder capacity and improved bladder compliance.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of bladder hypoplasia treated by home bladder cycling.
Elephant conservation in India: Striking a balance between coexistence and conflicts
Authors: Pandey Ramesh K. , Yadav Satya P. , Selvan K. Muthamizh , Natarajan Lakshminarayanan , Nigam Parag 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the human‐dominated epoch of the Anthropocene, nations worldwide are trying to adopt a variety of strategies for biodiversity conservation, including flagship‐based approaches. The Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) plays a pivotal role as a flagship species in India's biodiversity conservation efforts, particularly within its tropical forest ecosystems. As the country harboring the largest Asian elephant population among the 13 range countries, India's conservation strategies offer valuable insights for other range countries. This study elucidates India's elephant conservation paradigm by outlining a historical account of elephant conservation in the country and examining the current administrative and legal frameworks. These are instrumental in implementing strategies aimed at maintaining sustainable elephant populations. Our study also analyzes trends in elephant populations and negative human–elephant interactions, drawing upon data from a centralized government database. Our findings indicate that the elephant population in India is reasonably stable, estimated at between 25,000 and 30,000 individuals. This figure constitutes nearly two‐thirds of the global Asian elephant population. India's elephant population occupies ~163,000 km2 of diverse habitats, comprising 5% of the country's land area, with their distribution spread across the northern, northeastern, east‐central, and southern regions. This distribution has shown fluxes, particularly in the east‐central region, where large‐scale elephant dispersals have been observed. Between 2009 and 2020, human–elephant conflicts in India have resulted in an average annual loss of 450 (±63.7) human lives. During the same period, the central and state governments paid an average of US$ 4.79 million (±1.97) annually as ex gratia for property losses. Recognizing the critical nature of these conflicts, India has implemented various measures to manage this pressing conservation challenge. Overall, sustaining the world's largest extant population of wild elephants in the midst of India's human‐dominated landscapes is enabled by a robust institutional policy and legal framework dedicated to conservation. This commitment is further reinforced by strong political will and a deep‐rooted cultural affinity towards elephants and nature, which fosters a higher degree of tolerance and support for conservation efforts.