bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial validation of the pediatric automated neuropsychological assessment metrics for CHILDHOOD‐ONSET systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Brunner Hermine I. , Ruth Natasha M. , German April , Nelson Shannen , Passo Murray H. , Roebuck‐Spencer Tresa , Ying Jun , Ris Douglas 
Published: September 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the concurrent validity and diagnostic accuracy of the pediatric Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (Ped‐ANAM) when used in childhood‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsFormal neuropsychological testing and the Ped‐ANAM were performed on 27 children with SLE who had not been previously diagnosed with neuropsychiatric SLE. Performance when completing the 10 Ped‐ANAM tests was based on accuracy (AC), mean time to correct response, coefficient of variation of the time required for a correct response (CVc), and throughput. Formal neuropsychological testing was used as a criterion standard for diagnosing neurocognitive dysfunction (NCD; yes/no).ResultsNCD was common and present in 16 (59%) of 27 participants. Ped‐ANAM performance parameters were often moderately correlated with the Z scores on formal neuropsychological testing. The NCD group differed significantly (P < 0.05) from the normal cognition group in 3 Ped‐ANAM tests: CVc with mathematical processing (MTH‐CVc), AC with continuous performance test (CPT‐AC), and CVc with spatial processing (SPD‐CVc). Areas under the receiver operating curves (AUCs) ranged between 0.75 and 0.84 when each of these parameters (CPT‐AC, MTH‐CVc, SPD‐CVc) was used to identify NCD independently. The AUC was improved to 0.96 for the combined assessment.ConclusionThe Ped‐ANAM has concurrent validity when used in children with SLE. Initial validation suggests that the Ped‐ANAM could be a useful screening tool for NCD in children with SLE.
Concepts important to persons with systemic lupus erythematosus and their coverage by standard measures of disease activity and health status
Authors: Stamm Tanja A. , Bauernfeind Bettina , Coenen Michaela , Feierl Eva , Mathis Mona , Stucki Gerold , Smolen Josef S. , Machold Klaus P. , Aringer Martin 
Published: September 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the array of concepts important to patients with chronic systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to compare these with instruments assessing disease activity, damage, and health status.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative focus‐group study of patients with SLE concerning their problems in daily functioning. The group sessions were tape recorded, transcribed, and divided into meaning units. The concepts contained in these meaning units were extracted and linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). We then compared the concepts from the focus groups with those concepts covered by SLE activity scores, the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (SDI), and the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF‐36).ResultsA total of 92 concepts emerged from 5 focus groups; of these, 28 related to body functions and structures, 24 to activities and participation, and 25 to environmental factors. Two concepts were linked to the health condition itself and 6 to personal factors. Seven were not covered by the ICF. Of the 28 concepts regarding body functions and structures, 24 (86%) were covered by the combination of activity scores and the SDI. The SF‐36 also addressed 3 of these concepts and contained 9 (38%) of 24 concepts in activities and participation.ConclusionAlthough the combination of SLE activity scores, SDI, and SF‐36, as suggested for SLE studies, well covers body functions and structures and includes a significant portion of problems regarding activities and participation, neither environmental nor personal factors are covered at all.
Development and initial evaluation of a measure of self‐management for adults with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated small‐vessel vasculitis
Authors: Thorpe Carolyn T. , Devellis Robert F. , Lewis Megan A. , Blalock Susan J. , Hogan Susan L. , Devellis Brenda M. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a measure of illness self‐management for adults living with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated small‐vessel vasculitis (ANCA‐SVV) and to gather evidence of its reliability and validity.MethodsDevelopment of the Vasculitis Self‐Management Scale (VSMS) was guided by previous research on self‐management in other chronically ill populations, a review of the current treatment literature for ANCA‐SVV, interviews with patients, and consultation with experts. A total of 205 patients living with ANCA‐SVV or a closely related condition then completed the VSMS, along with measures of sociodemographic and clinical variables, social desirability bias, and general adherence to medical recommendations, using a self‐administered mailed questionnaire. A principal components analysis was conducted on the VSMS items. Internal consistency reliability and construct validity of the resulting subscales were assessed. Forty‐four patients completed the VSMS a second time, for the purpose of assessing test–retest reliability.ResultsAnalyses suggested an 8‐factor solution. The final VSMS consisted of 43 items representing these 8 behavioral domains. Correlations among the 8 domains were null to modest in magnitude. The internal consistency reliability of the 8 subscales ranged from minimally acceptable (α = 0.67) to excellent (α = 0.94), and correlations between subscale scores at time 1 and time 2 suggested good temporal stability. Preliminary evidence for validity was mixed.ConclusionThese findings suggest that the VSMS is a promising method for assessing illness self‐management in adults with ANCA‐SVV. More research exploring the validity of the measure is warranted.
AIFIT – Anwenderorientierte Identifikation für Ingenieurtragwerke. Versuchsgestützte Steifigkeitsanalysen
Authors: Hoffmann Simon , Wendner Roman , Strauss Alfred , Ralbovsky Marian , Bergmeister Konrad 
Published: September 2007

AbstractGlobale Identifikationsverfahren können einen wichtigen Beitrag zur ökonomischen Erhaltung unserer Infrastruktur leisten. Jedoch erfordern bisher zur Verfügung stehende Ansätze zu großen Aufwand in der Datenerfassung bzw. Interpretation. Im Rahmen des Projektes AIFIT werden verschiedenste Ansätze nicht nur hinsichtlich der Ergebnisse, sondern auch bezüglich ihrer jeweiligen Anforderungen analysiert und teilweise weiterentwickelt. Aufbauend auf den Erfordernissen der Bauwerkseigner wurden hierfür einige Methoden speziell entwickelt, welche im Folgenden vorgestellt werden. Ihre Leistungsfähigkeit wurde an bisher acht von insgesamt neun Zweifeld‐Stahlbetonbalken untersucht. Hierzu wurden neue Messverfahren entwickelt sowie bestehende dynamische Messmethoden verfeinert. Die hierbei gewonnenen Daten bilden die Grundlage für einen direkten Vergleich der Methoden.
Fügen von Bauteilen aus UHPC durch Kleben. Voruntersuchungen und Anwendung bei der Gärtnerplatzbrücke in Kasse
Authors: Schmidt Michael , Krelaus Ralf , Teichmann Thomas , Leutbecher Torsten , Fehling Ekkehard 
Published: September 2007

AbstractDie 136 m lange Gärtnerplatzbrücke über die Fulda in Kassel ist die erste größere Fußgänger‐ und Radbrücke in Deutschland, bei der im größeren Umfang Ultrahochfester Beton (UHPC) verwendet wurde. Weltweit erstmals wurden die vorgefertigten konstruktiven Bauteile aus diesem stahlähnlich festen, sehr gefügedichten Werkstoff auf der Baustelle mit einem Epoxidharzklebstoff tragend miteinander verklebt. Für die Zustimmung im Einzelfall wurden an der Universität Kassel umfangreiche Untersuchungen durchgeführt, um die für die Bemessung der Klebverbindungen notwendigen mechanischen Kennwerte zu ermitteln und um die Dauerhaftigkeit der Klebverbindung abschätzen zu können. Über die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchungen und über die Ausführung der Baumaßnahme wird nachstehend berichtet. Das praktische Verhalten der hybriden Brückenkonstruktion mit den schubbeanspruchten Klebfugen wird durch ein umfangreiches Monitoringsystem über mehrere Jahre hin online erfasst.
Ingenieurbaukunst: 100 Jahre “Handbuch für Eisenbetonbau”. Vom publizistischen Kraftakt zum literarischen Monument einer neuen Bauweise
Authors: Kierdorf Alexander 
Published: September 2007

AbstractNach der Zeitschrift “Beton & Eisen” (1901/02) und dem Beton‐Kalender (1905/06) gilt das 1907–1909 erstmals erschienene “Handbuch für Eisenbetonbau” als die “Krönung des fachpublizistischen Lebenswerks von Emperger”. Die auf vier Bände konzipierte, schon während des Erscheinens auf acht Bände angewachsene Erstauflage erweiterte man in den folgenden Auflagen auf zwölf (1909–1921) bzw. vierzehn Bände (1921–1931) mit zuletzt fast 8000 Seiten, 12.000 Abbildungen, verfasst von etwa 40 Autoren. In seiner systematischen Gliederung, detailfreudigen Darstellung und fachlichen Reife erreichte es das Ziel seiner Väter und Mitarbeiter, die Möglichkeiten des Eisenbetonbaus im Bauwesen aufzuzeigen und ihm solide und dauerhafte Anerkennung zu verschaffen. Zusammen mit der Einrichtung des Deutschen Ausschusses für Eisenbetonbau (Januar) und den von diesem erarbeiteten verbindlichen Bauvorschriften (April) markiert der Erscheinungsbeginn des Eisenbeton‐Handbuchs im Sommer 1907 das Jahr der endgültigen Etablierung dieser Bauweise in Deutschland.
Tunable Photoactivation of a Post‐translationally Modified Signaling Protein and its Unmodified Counterpart in Live Cells
Authors: Hahn Michael E. , Pellois Jean‐Philippe , Vila‐Perelló Miquel , Muir Tom W. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractAn ideal technology for direct imaging of post‐translationally modified proteins would be one in which the appearance of a fluorescent signal is linked to a modification dependent protein‐activation event. Herein, we utilize the protein semisynthesis technique, expressed protein ligation (EPL), to prepare caged analogues of the signaling protein Smad2; the function and fluorescence of the analogues were then photocontrolled in a correlated fashion. We show that this strategy permits titration of the cellular levels of active phosphorylated Smad2 in its biologically relevant, full‐length form. We also prepared a nonphosphorylated, caged full‐length Smad2 analogue labeled with an orthogonal fluorophore, and simultaneously imaged the phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated forms of the protein in the same cell. This strategy should enable the dissection of the cellular consequences of post‐translational modifications (PTMs) by direct comparison of the behavior of the modified and unmodified forms of the protein following uncaging.
Characteristics of a Float Nozzle Designed for CFB Boilers
Authors: Yang H.‐R. , Huang Z.‐M. , Yue G.‐X. , Lu J.‐F. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA float nozzle was designed and developed for use with large‐scale industrial circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers. The gas distributor equipped with the float nozzle has a unique pressure drop characteristic. It has a higher resistance than other nozzles which results in the formation of an effective barrier against backflow at low boiler loads, which results from the pressure fluctuation caused by bubble burst and solids coming from the recycle system. In addition, it has a relatively low pressure drop at high or full boiler loads, which can greatly reduce the energy cost of the primary air fan.
Performance of a Pinch Analysis for the Process of Recovery of Ethanol from Fermentation
Authors: Khan S. , Riverol C. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe objectives of the project reported here were to perform an energy analysis for the process of the recovery of ethanol from fermentation broths by catalytic conversion to gasoline and to conduct a pinch analysis to obtain a new heat exchanger network, and thus, reduce the utility costs. A minimum temperature difference of 10 °C was used. A temperature interval diagram and cascade diagram were drawn to identify the pinch points and four such points were observed. New heat exchanger networks were formulated from this information. The least number of heat exchangers for the different networks created was 19, whereas the original process had 9. The cost of utilities was the same for both systems. Therefore, it was concluded that the implementation of this system in the Caribbean could be expensive since in the first instance, ethanol is not particularly plentiful. Secondly, electricity and water costs are expensive in the Caribbean compared to other countries in America, such that any effort in reducing CO2 emissions by using ethanol would not be feasible.
The First Open‐Paddlewheel Structures in Diruthenium Chemistry: Examples of Intermediate Magnetic Behaviour between Low and High Spin in Ru25+ Species
Authors: Barral M. Carmen , Gallo Teresa , Herrero Santiago , Jiménez‐Aparicio Reyes , Torres M. Rosario , Urbanos Francisco A. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe reaction of [Ru2Cl(O2CMe)(DPhF)3] (DPhF=N,N′‐diphenylformamidinate) with aqueous HCl leads to the substitution of the acetate ligand to give the complex [Ru2Cl2(DPhF)3] (1). Similar reaction of [Ru2(O2CMe)(DPhF)3(H2O)]BF4 with aqueous HBr or HI produces [Ru2Br2(DPhF)3] (2), and [Ru2I2(DPhF)3] (3), respectively. The reaction of 1 with AgBF4 to form the highly unsaturated unit [Ru2(DPhF)3]2+, which is isolated as [Ru2(BF4)(DPhF)3(H2O)]BF4 (4), and [Ru2(MeCN)2(DPhF)3](BF4)2 (5), is also reported. The use of AgNO3 instead of AgBF4 leads to [Ru2(NO3)2(DPhF)3] (6). The magnetic behaviour of complexes 1–4 and 6 is intermediate between high‐ and low‐spin configurations. A relationship between the magnetic behaviour and the visible‐near‐infrared (Vis‐NIR) spectra is apparent. In addition, the crystal structure determinations of 2, 4⋅THF, and 6, have been carried out. Complexes 1–3, 5 and 6 are the first examples of open‐paddlewheel structures in diruthenium chemistry. The BF4− bridging the metal centres in 4⋅THF is activated and forms very short RuF bonds.
Solvent‐Dependent Interconversions between RhI, RhII, and RhIII Complexes of an Aryl–Monophosphine Ligand
Authors: Montag Michael , Leitus Gregory , Shimon Linda J. W. , Ben‐David Yehoshoa , Milstein David 
Published: September 2007

AbstractReaction of the aryl‐monophosphine ligand α2‐(diisopropylphosphino)isodurene (1) with the RhI precursor [Rh(coe)2(acetone)2]BF4 (coe=cyclooctene) in different solvents yielded complexes of all three common oxidation states of rhodium, depending on the solvent used. When the reaction was carried out in methanol a cyclometalated, solvent‐stabilized RhIII alkyl‐hydride complex (2) was obtained. However, when the reaction was carried out in acetone or dichloromethane a dinuclear η6‐arene RhII complex (5) was obtained in the absence of added redox reagents. Moreover, when acetonitrile was added to a solution of either the RhII or RhIII complexes, a new solvent‐stabilized, noncyclometalated RhI complex (6) was obtained. In this report we describe the different complexes, which were fully characterized, and probe the processes behind the remarkable solvent effect observed.
The Electronic Structure of the Tris(ethylene) Complexes [M(C2H4)3] (M=Ni, Pd, and Pt): A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Hebben Nicole , Himmel Hans‐Jörg , Eickerling Georg , Herrmann Carmen , Reiher Markus , Herz Verena , Presnitz Manuel , Scherer Wolfgang 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn this article we analyze in detail the electronic properties of theD3h‐symmetric tris(ethylene) complexes of nickel, palladium, and platinum ([M(C2H4)3] M=Ni, Pd, Pt). In the case of [Pd(C2H4)3] the analysis is based on new experimental IR and Raman spectra for the matrix‐isolated molecules and in all cases on the results of quantum‐chemical (DFT) calculations. The experimental spectra collected for [Pd(C2H4)3] provide evidence for several previously unobserved vibrational modes, including the in‐phase and out‐of‐phase ν(CC) andδ(CH2) modes, and the in‐phase ν(MC) mode. Special consideration is given to possible inter‐ligand interactions. The interaction force constantfCC,CCbetween two C2H4ligands can be directly estimated from the spectra, and its very small value (0.002 N m−1) indicates the absence of any significant inter‐ligand interaction. An analysis of the topology of the theoretical electron density distribution,ρ(r), and the corresponding Laplacian, ∇2ρ(r), for [Pd(C2H4)3] and its lighter and heavier homologues [Ni(C2H4)3] and [Pt(C2H4)3], respectively, is in full agreement with the conclusions drawn from the experimental results. The combined experimental and quantum‐chemical results provide detailed insights in the electronic properties of these prototypical ethylene complexes.
Unser tägliches Brot. Zum Erntedank
Authors: Roth Klaus 
Published: September 2007

AbstractMan könnte glauben, Brot ist das ultimative “Bioprodukt ganz ohne Chemie”. Das stimmt einfach nicht, denn die Chemie spielt bei der gesamten Brotherstellung vom Korn bis zum gebackenen Brot eine zentrale Rolle. Die vielen ablaufenden chemischen Reaktionen sind komplex und nur in ihren Grundzügen bekannt. Versuche laborerfahrener aber küchenunerfahrener Chemiker, ein Brot nach wissenschaftlichen Prinzipien herzustellen, führen zwar zu mehr oder weniger ess‐ und verdaubaren Endprodukten, dem Vergleich mit den Prachtstücken eines Bäckermeister halten sie aber nicht stand. Aber so ist es eben, kulinarische Wunder sind nur mit Hilfe der Chemie möglich, aber manchmal sollten wir chemische Meisterstücke besser Handwerkern mit ihrem Können überlassen, uns gelassen zurücklehnen und einfach nur genießen!
Wir lernen im Schlaf
Authors: Feil Sylvia 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIm Schlaf ist der Mensch wehrlos. Allerdings regeneriert sich der Körper und gerade Erlerntes wird langfristig gespeichert. Diese Prozesse werden durch verschiedene Neurotransmitter und Hormone gesteuert. Erst mit dem Absinken etwa der Konzentration von Acetylcholin und Cortisol während des Tiefschlafs kann die Gedächtniskonsolidierung in Gang gesetzt werden.
Ein chemischer Spiegel für den Mond?
Authors: Groß Michael 
Published: September 2007

AbstractDie Oberfläche einer gleichmäßig rotierenden Flüssigkeit nimmt die Form eines Paraboloids an. Mit einer schön spiegelnden Flüssigkeit wie Quecksilber kann man deshalb sehr große Spiegel für astronomische Teleskope bauen. Nun würden die Kosmologen aber am liebsten ein solches Teleskop auf dem Mond stationieren. Mit Hilfe der Chemie wird selbst das bald möglich.
Vulkanasche als Dünger für den Pazifik
Authors: Feil Sylvia 
Published: September 2007

AbstractVulkanausbrüche können große Mengen schwefelhaltiger Asche und Gase wie Kohlendioxid und Wasserdampf in hohe Luftschichten befördern. Diese Effekte sind bekannt, aber inwiefern die ausgespiene Asche einen düngenden Einfluss auf das Meerwasser und dadurch auf das Klima hat, wurde nun untersucht.
Jena
Authors: Schwedt Georg 
Published: September 2007

AbstractAn Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner – den Entdecker der katalytischen Wirkung von Platin, in der Praxis als Feuerzeug genutzt, und den Vater der Triadenregel als Vorläuferin des Periodensystems der chemischen Elemente – wird in der Universitätsstadt Jena an mehreren Orten erinnert. Bereits 1641 gab es für den Mediziner Rolfinck die erste Professur für Iatrochemie.
A numerical approach for efficient and accurate modeling of spot‐welding connection in automotive crash analysis
Authors: Wen He , Weigang Zhang , Zhihua Zhong 
Published: September 2007

AbstractModeling of spot‐welding connection is very important in automotive crash analysis, as spot welding is the main approach to assemble the automobile body from hundreds of press‐formed components. Although alternative methods are available for modeling the spot welding, new methods are desirable for better efficiency and accuracy. In this paper, a new approach is proposed for the modeling in an explicit analysis environment. Virtual welding nodes are introduced and constructed from actual nodes of the associated finite element. Given constraints are then imposed on the welding nodes using the Lagrange approach. Good accuracy may be obtained while compatibility with the explicit approach is achieved and numerical stability is unaffected for general mesh layout. The approach is implemented in an explicit code and validated with numerical examples. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Embryonic cells depleted of β‐catenin remain competent to differentiate into dorsal mesodermal derivatives
Authors: Chu Francie H. , Afonin Bonnie , Gustin Jean K. , Bost Alyssa , Sanchez Michael , Domingo Carmen R. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractDisruption of axis specification leads to defects in dorsal tissue patterning and cell movements. Here, we examine how β‐catenin coordinately affects gastrulation movements and dorsal mesoderm differentiation. The reduction of β‐catenin protein levels by morpholino oligonucleotides complementary to β‐catenin mRNA causes a disruption in gastrulation movements. Time‐lapse imaging of β‐catenin morphants during gastrulation reveals that involution occurs simultaneously around the blastopore in the absence of convergent extension cell movements. Transplantation experiments show that morphant cells grafted from the marginal zone into wild‐type hosts differentiate into notochord and muscle. However, wild‐type mesoderm cells grafted to the marginal zone of β‐catenin morphants do not form dorsal tissues. These data argue that β‐catenin is not required for the initial establishment of dorsal mesoderm cell competency, but it is required for the maintenance of that competency. We propose that tissue interactions that occur during convergent extension movements are necessary for maintaining dorsal tissue competency. Developmental Dynamics 236:3007–3019, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The teleost intervertebral region acts as a growth center of the centrum: In vivo visualization of osteoblasts and their progenitors in transgenic fish
Authors: Inohaya Keiji , Takano Yoshiro , Kudo Akira 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe vertebral column is a defined feature of vertebrates. In birds and mammals, the sclerotome yields cartilaginous material for the vertebral column. In teleosts, however, it remains uncertain whether the sclerotome participates in vertebral column formation. To investigate osteoblast development in the teleost, we established transgenic systems that allow in vivo observation of osteoblasts and their progenitors marked by fluorescence of DsRed and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP), respectively. In twist‐EGFP transgenic medaka, EGFP‐positive cells first appeared in the ventromedial portion of respective somites corresponding to the sclerotome, migrated dorsally around the notochord, and concentrated in the intervertebral regions. Ultrastructural analysis of the intervertebral regions revealed that some of these cells were directly located on the osteoidal surface of the perichordal centrum, and enriched with rough endoplasmic reticulum in their cytoplasm. By using the double transgenic medaka of twist‐EGFP and osteocalcin‐DsRed, we clarified that the EGFP‐positive cells in the intervertebral region differentiated into mature osteoblasts expressing the DsRed. In vivo bone labeling in fact confirmed active matrix formation and mineralization of the perichordal centrum exclusively in the intervertebral region of zebrafish larvae as well as medaka larvae. These findings strongly suggest that the teleost intervertebral region acts as a growth center of the perichordal centrum, where the sclerotome‐derived cells differentiate into osteoblasts. Developmental Dynamics 236:3031–3046, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.