bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urea‐Comprising Single Core Diketopyrrolopyrrole Derivatives: Exploring the Synthesis, Self‐Assembly and Charge Transport Properties
Authors: Martinez Gabriel , Id‐boubrik Imrane , Matsuda Wakana , Carmona‐Vargas Christian C. , Hong Kyeong‐Im , Munuera Carmen , Seki Shu , Ruiz‐Carretero Amparo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSupramolecular electronics exploits the distinctive features stemming from noncovalent interactions, guiding the self‐assembly of molecules to craft materials endowed with customized electronic functionalities. Hydrogen‐bonded materials, characterized by their capacity to establish dynamic and stable networks, introduce an extra dimension to the development of supramolecular electronic systems. This study presents a comparative analysis of two remarkably small semiconductors utilizing diketopyrrolopyrrole functionalized with urea units as hydrogen‐bonding motifs, strategically positioned at opposing ends of the conjugated core. We show how the subtle distinction in functionalization not only influences morphology and self‐assembly dynamics via hydrogen‐bonding and π‐π stacking formation, but also holds significant consequences for ultimate charge transport properties. Our observations into the interplay of noncovalent interactions provide valuable insights and strategic pathways for the design of novel materials with enhanced electronic characteristics.
The type 2 inflammatory response favors recognition of tumor antigens by IgE in breast cancer
Authors: Ramos‐Martinez Espiridión , García‐Vazquez Francisco Javier , Falfán‐Valencia Ramcés , Rojas‐Serrano Jorge , Alfaro‐Cruz Ana , Pérez‐Villaseñor Marcela , Aristi‐Urista Gerardo , Pérez‐Hernández Jesús , López‐Vancell Rosario , Velasco‐Medina Andrea , Velázquez‐Sámano Guillermo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies describe an inverse statistical relationship between the presence of an allergy and development of cancer. However, the immunological mechanism involved in the relationship between these two degenerative diseases has not been explored.AimsThe main objective of this study was to explore the possibility that the lymphocyte T helper (Th) 2 response, a characteristic of allergy, induces recognition of tumor antigens.Methods and resultsPatients with a clinical diagnosis of breast ductal carcinoma were included. Histopathological markers related to proliferation of tumor cells were determined (Her‐2‐neu, Ki‐67, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor). IHC was performed using IgE antibodies purified from an allergy patient and from each biopsy donor patient. Serum concentrations of cytokines representative of Th1 and Th2 inflammatory responses were determined. A total of 14 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of breast ductal carcinoma were included. IHC performed on biopsies showed a weak response when using purified IgE antibodies from an allergy patient; however, IHC using the IgE of each patient as the primary antibody showed an intense and highly specific signal. Serum concentrations of cytokines of the Th2 response, that is, IL‐4 (130.5 pg/mL (116–135 pg/mL)), IL‐5 (202 pg/mL (191–213 pg/mL)), and IL‐13 (105.5 pg/mL (98–117 pg/mL)), were significantly higher than those of the Th1 response, that is, IL‐6 (86 pg/mL (79–90 pg/mL)) and INF‐γ (93 pg/mL (79–99 pg/mL)).ConclusionPurified IgE antibodies specifically recognize tumor cells in breast ductal carcinoma.
Social drivers affecting job design in apparel supply chains: Inferences from a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Jayalath Madushan Madhava , Perera H. Niles , Seuring Stefan , Thibbotuwawa Amila 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBecause of increasing customer awareness and government regulations, apparel organisations are inclined to adopt social sustainability practices (SSPs) into their working environment. There is a lack of scientific literature examining the interaction between social and economic sustainability within the apparel industry from the employee perspective. This study aims to assess the preferences of blue and white‐collar employees in the apparel supply chain to implement SSPs. The SSPs were identified through a literature study and a deductive approach was taken to conduct a discrete choice experiment. The experiment revealed that blue‐collar employees prioritised maternity leaves and proper sanitary facilities, whereas white‐collar employees preferred corporate social responsibility initiatives and providing proper sanitary facilities when designing the jobs for blue‐collar employees. The study also identified willingness to pay for the identified practices highlighting the importance of providing maternity leaves and proper sanitary facilities to enhance economic and social sustainability. This research contributes to bridging the gap between the expectations of blue‐collar and white‐collar employees towards SSPs and provide an understanding of the interaction between the social and economic pillars of sustainability in the global apparel supply chain.
ADCOMS sensitivity versus baseline diagnosis and progression phenotypes
Authors: Evenden Dave , Prosser Angus , Michopoulou Sofia , Kipps Christopher ,   and for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe Alzheimer's Disease COMposite Score (ADCOMS) is more sensitive in clinical trials than conventional measures when assessing pre‐dementia. This study compares ADCOMS trajectories using clustered progression characteristics to better understand different patterns of decline.METHODSPost‐baseline ADCOMS values were analyzed for sensitivity using mean‐to‐standard deviation ratio (MSDR), partitioned by baseline diagnosis, comparing with the original scales upon which ADCOMS is based. Because baseline diagnosis was not a particularly reliable predictor of progression, individuals were also grouped into similar ADCOMS progression trajectories using clustering methods and the MSDR compared for each progression group.RESULTSADCOMS demonstrated increased sensitivity for clinically important progression groups. ADCOMS did not show statistically significant sensitivity or clinical relevance for the less‐severe baseline diagnoses and marginal progression groups.CONCLUSIONSThis analysis complements and extends previous work validating the sensitivity of ADCOMS. The large data set permitted evaluation–in a novel approach–by the clustered progression group.
Synthesis, Structures, Electrochemical and Optical Properties of Vinyl‐Extended Tetrathiafulvalene Derivatives Functionalized with Two 2,6‐Dicyano‐λ5‐Phosphinine Units
Authors: Misaki Tomoya , Yoshimura Aya , Shirahata Takashi , Hayashi Minoru , Misaki Yohji , Sakamaki Daisuke , Fujiwara Hideki 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDerivatives of vinyl‐extended tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) functionalized with two 2,6‐dicyano‐λ5‐phosphinine units (3 a–c) have been successfully synthesized. Cyclic voltammograms of all the derivatives are composed of three pairs of redox waves. The first and second redox waves correspond to one‐electron transfer processes, in which the extended TTF moiety participated predominantly. The third redox wave corresponded to a two‐electron transfer process, in which the two 2,6‐dicyano‐λ5‐phosphinine units were involved. The redox potentials at which the tetracations of 3 a–c were generated were considerably more negative than expected, probably due to the formation of stable closed‐shell structures by conjugation between 2,6‐dicyano‐λ5‐phosphinine units. X‐ray structural analyses of 3 b, 3 c, and (3b2+)(Sb2Cl82−)(C6H5OCH3) revealed that the vinyl‐extended TTF moiety in all the compounds adopts an almost planar structure, while the phosphinine units are significantly rotated relative to the extended TTF plane. The fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that the emission intensity of 3 b was very small in both the neutral and oxidized states.
Nitration of Pyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinolines with NaNO2/HFIP
Authors: Huang Xiang , Li Yun‐Meng , Zhou Jing , Pan Yu‐Yi , Li Wei , Chen Xiao‐Hui , Yu Xin , Pei Shu‐Chen , Cui Hai‐Lei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA mild nitration of pyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinolines has been reached using sodium nitrite as nitro source in HFIP at ambient temperature. A variety of nitro‐bearing pyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinoline derivatives has been efficiently prepared in poor to quantitative yields (28–98 %). These products can be easily transformed to primary amines and amide by simple chemical reactions. Treatment of other nitrogen‐containing heterocycles such as pyrrolo[1,2‐a]quinoline and substituted indoles under this developed reaction system afforded nitro‐bearing N‐heterocycles in relatively lower yields (15–19 %).
Crystallinity engineering of carbon nitride protective coating for ultra‐stable Zn metal anodes
Authors: Liu Chen , Zhu Yuxin , Di Shuanlong , He Jiarui , Niu Ping , Kelarakis Antonios , Krysmann Marta , Wang Shulan , Li Li 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIneffective control of dendrite growth and side reactions on Zn anodes significantly retards commercialization of aqueous Zn‐ion batteries. Unlike conventional interfacial modification strategies that are primarily focused on component optimization or microstructural tuning, herein, we propose a crystallinity engineering strategy by developing highly crystalline carbon nitride protective layers for Zn anodes through molten salt treatment. Interestingly, the highly ordered structure along with sufficient functional polar groups and pre‐intercalated K+ endows the coating with high ionic conductivity, strong hydrophilicity, and accelerated ion diffusion kinetics. Theoretical calculations also confirm its enhanced Zn adsorption capability compared to commonly reported carbon nitride with amorphous or semi‐crystalline structure and bare Zn. Benefiting from the aforementioned features, the as‐synthesized protective layer enables a calendar lifespan of symmetric cells for 1100 h and outstanding stability of full cells with capacity retention of 91.5% after 1500 cycles. This work proposes a new conceptual strategy for Zn anode protection.
Sterilizing body‐territories: Understanding contemporary cases of forced sterilization in the United States and China
Authors: Chaparro‐Buitrago Julieta 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the summer of 2020, shocking headlines reverberated across global media outlets, revealing harrowing stories of forced sterilizations and reproductive abuses committed against Uighurs in China and immigrant women in the United States. The simultaneity of these events sheds light on essential aspects of a transnational order characterized by mass surveillance and detention, a defining feature of diverse contemporary political regimes. This article explores how reproductive violence intertwines with systems of detention and mass surveillance through these two cases. I do so by weaving together the decolonial feminist framework of body‐territory and the principles of reproductive justice that allow for a nuanced examination of how the control of the reproductive lives of Uighur and immigrant women reinforce the mechanisms of exclusion and surveillance embedded in state infrastructures. The demand for the right to bear children and to parent them under dignified conditions, free from violence, is increasingly pressing in a world where reproduction has become an instrument of surveillance and containment. This article engages in an ethnographic exploration of electronic paper trails, adopting what Geiger and Ribes aptly termed “trace ethnography.”
A Coeditors' Note
Authors: Haupt Laura , Kaebnick Gregory E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe January‐February 2024 issue of the Hastings Center Report includes two sets of pieces concerning brain health. One is a special report on ethical challenges that emerge at various points in the care of people facing dementia. The other set launches the journal's Neuroscience and Society series. An At Law essay provides a framework for challenging discriminatory practices related to the use of algorithms generated by electronic prescription drug monitoring programs in health care. The issue also contains policy recommendations for the use of companion digital humans to address social isolation and loneliness, guidance for the rollout of vaccine delivery technologies, and a call for ethical investigation of data infrastructure.
Care or Complicity? Medical Personnel in Prisons
Authors: Walker Rebecca L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractImprisonment may sometimes be a justified form of punishment. Yet the U.S. carceral system suffers from appalling problems of justice—in who is put into prisons, in how imprisoned people are treated, and in downstream personal and community health impacts. Medical personnel working in prisons and jails take on risky work for highly vulnerable and underserved patients. They are to be lauded for their professional commitments. Yet at the same time, prison care undercuts the ability of medical personnel to uphold their own professional standards and sometimes fails in even basic health protection. Doctors in prisons are stuck between their commitment to vulnerable patients and complicity in a system that requires their participation to uphold its constitutionality. Medical ethics is frayed in prisons, and the problem deserves our attention.
Challenging Disability Discrimination in the Clinical Use of PDMP Algorithms
Authors: Pendo Elizabeth , Oliva Jennifer 
Published: February 2024

AbstractState prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) use proprietary, predictive software platforms that deploy algorithms to determine whether a patient is at risk for drug misuse, drug diversion, doctor shopping, or substance use disorder (SUD). Clinical overreliance on PDMP algorithm‐generated information and risk scores motivates clinicians to refuse to treat—or to inappropriately treat—vulnerable people based on actual, perceived, or past SUDs, chronic pain conditions, or other disabilities. This essay provides a framework for challenging PDMP algorithmic discrimination as disability discrimination under federal antidiscrimination laws, including a new proposed rule interpreting section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act.
Digital Humans to Combat Loneliness and Social Isolation: Ethics Concerns and Policy Recommendations
Authors: Jecker Nancy S. , Sparrow Robert , Lederman Zohar , Ho Anita 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSocial isolation and loneliness are growing concerns around the globe that put people at increased risk of disease and early death. One much‐touted approach to addressing them is deploying artificially intelligent agents to serve as companions for socially isolated and lonely people. Focusing on digital humans, we consider evidence and ethical arguments for and against this approach. We set forth and defend public health policies that respond to concerns about replacing humans, establishing inferior relationships, algorithmic bias, distributive justice, and data privacy.
Compliance in the public versus the private realm: Economic preferences, institutional trust and COVID‐19 health behaviors
Authors: Sternberg Henrike , Steinert Janina Isabel , Büthe Tim 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo what extent do economic preferences and institutional trust predict compliance with physical distancing rules during the COVID‐19 pandemic? We reexamine this question by introducing the theoretical and empirical distinction between individual health behaviors in the public and in the private domain (e.g., keeping a distance from strangers vs. abstaining from private gatherings with friends). Using structural equation modeling to analyze survey data from Germany's second wave of the pandemic (N = 3350), we reveal the following major differences between compliance in both domains: Social preferences, especially (positive) reciprocity, play an essential role in predicting compliance in the public domain but are barely relevant in the private domain. Conversely, individuals' degree of trust in the national government matters predominantly for increasing compliance in the private domain. The clearly strongest predictor in this domain is the perception pandemic‐related threats. Our findings encourage tailoring communication strategies to either domain‐specific circumstances or factors common across domains. Tailored communication may also help promote compliance with other health‐related regulatory policies beyond COVID‐19.
Air pollution and the burden of long‐term care: Evidence from China
Authors: Liu Zining , Wan Cheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe examine the causal effects of PM2.5 exposure on the burden of long‐term care (LTC) by matching a satellite‐based PM2.5 (particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers (μm) in diameter) dataset with a nationally representative longitudinal study in China from 2011 to 2018. We find significant adverse effects of PM2.5 exposure—instrumented by thermal inversions—on the LTC burden. A 10 μg/m3 increase in annual PM2.5 exposure increases average monthly hours of LTC and the associated financial costs by 28 h and CNY 452, respectively. The effects are greater for those who had never smoked nor experienced severe PM2.5 pollution (annual average PM2.5 > 35 μg/m3) in the previous 5 years. We also find that as PM2.5 increases, chronic diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases, could lead to a higher likelihood of LTC dependency but reduce the total hours and costs of LTC provision. Finally, we find that PM2.5 reduces the total years of LTC need, suggesting that PM2.5 increases LTC costs by increasing the severity of LTC dependency, rather than the duration of LTC need. Our findings can assist policymakers in planning for LTC provisions and clean air policies.
Immunotherapy targeting tumor‐associated antigen in a mouse model of head and neck cancer
Authors: Kono Michihisa , Wakisaka Risa , Komatsuda Hiroki , Hayashi Ryusuke , Kumai Takumi , Yamaki Hidekiyo , Sato Ryosuke , Nagato Toshihiro , Ohkuri Takayuki , Kosaka Akemi , Ohara Kenzo , Kishibe Kan , Kobayashi Hiroya , Hayashi Tatsuya , Takahara Miki 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe identification of epitope peptides from tumor‐associated antigens (TAAs) is informative for developing tumor‐specific immunotherapy. However, only a few epitopes have been detected in mouse TAAs of head and neck cancer (HNSCC).MethodsNovel mouse c‐Met‐derived T‐cell epitopes were predicted by computer‐based algorithms. Mouse HNSCC cell line‐bearing mice were treated with a c‐Met peptide vaccine. The effects of CD8 and/or CD4 T‐cell depletion, and vaccine combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) were evaluated. Tumor re‐inoculation was performed to assess T‐cell memory.ResultsWe identified c‐Met‐derived short and long epitopes that elicited c‐Met‐reactive antitumor CD8 and/or CD4 T‐cell responses. Vaccination using these peptides showed remarkable antitumor responses via T cells in which ICIs were not required. The c‐Met peptide‐vaccinated mice rejected the re‐inoculated tumors.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that novel c‐Met peptide vaccines can induce antitumor T‐cell response, and could be a potent immunotherapy in a syngeneic mouse HNSCC model.
How well do obesity indices predict undiagnosed hypertension in the Persian cohort (Shahedieh) adults community population of all ages?
Authors: Jambarsang Sara , Soodejani Moslem Taheri , Tate Robert , Sefidkar Reyhane 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsHypertension is the leading preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease and cognitive impairment, and mortality and disability worldwide. Since prevention, early detection, and treatment of blood pressure improve public health, the aim of present study was to determine the best obesity indices and estimate the optimal cut‐off point for each one to predict the risk of elevated/stage 1 and undiagnosed hypertension in the population of center of Iran based on American ACC/AHA 2020 guidelines.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was performed on 9715 people who enrolled in 2018 in Persian Adult Cohort in Shahedieh area of Yazd, Iran in 2018. The anthropometric indices including body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), wrist circumference, hip circumference, waist‐to‐hip ratio, and waist‐to height ratio of individuals, were extracted. The receiver operating characteristic curve was utilized to determine the optimum cut‐off point of each anthropometric index to predict hypertension stages and compare their predictive power by age‐sex categories. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 23.0.ResultsThe results showed that BMI has the best predictive power to recognize the risk of elevated/stage 1 hypertension for female (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.72 and optimal cut‐off = 30.10 kg/m2) and WC for male (AUC = 0.66 and optimal cut‐off = 93.5 cm) in 35−45 age group. BMI had the best predictive power for the risk of undiagnosed hypertension for 35−45 years old male (AUC = 0.73 and optimal cut‐off = 28.90 kg/m2) and female (AUC = 0.75 and optimal cut‐off = 5.10 kg/m2), and hip circumference revealed similar predictive power for female as well (AUC = 0.75 and optimal cut‐off = 112 cm).ConclusionBased on our findings, BMI and WC, which are simple, inexpensive, and noninvasive means, are the best markers to predict the risk of elevated/stage 1 and undiagnosed hypertension in young Iranians. It shows that the approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention, early detection, and enhancing its treatment is achievable.
Experimental comparison of solar drying based on evacuated tube collector with desiccant drying for dehydrating potato and ginger
Authors: Vyas Shubham , Singh Prashant , Agrawal Himanshu , Vishwakarma Gopal , Yadav Avadhesh 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this article, a comparative study of different drying techniques, namely, open sun drying (OSD), desiccant drying, solar drying (SD), and solar drying with desiccant (SDWD) was done for drying potato and ginger. The thermal efficiency and air temperature differences of the solar dryer based on evacuated tube collectors were also examined. The average efficiency of the solar dryer was 29.01%. Average drying rates of OSD, desiccant drying, SD, and SDWD bed are 0.435, 0.435, 0.59, and 0.635 g/min. The moisture content of the potato was reduced from 79.6% to 32.9% by OSD, 32.6% by desiccant drying, 9.6% by SD, and 6.9% by SDWD. The moisture content of the ginger was reduced from its initial value of 82.3%–25.3% by OSD, 25% by desiccant drying, 10.1% by SD, and 3.2% by SDWD. SD assisted with a desiccant bed proved to be the best method for drying vegetables. Drying with desiccants is not feasible for drying in winter and spring seasons of the Indian climate.