bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To Determine the Blood Group Correlation among the Cases of Dysvascular Amputation: Retrospective Study
Authors: Kamakshi R. M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective:
The objective of the study was to identify the association of specific blood group among the cases of dysvascular amputation.

Introduction:
Literature showed the association of certain blood group with increased cardiovascular risk and other thrombotic vascular diseases in addition to increased gastric cancer risk and periodontal disease. By the way of extending the relation between blood group and atherosclerosis, this study aims to find out if there is any correlation between blood group and dysvascular amputation.

Materials and Methods:
Retrospective analysis of patient records with sample size of 100 is considered for this study. Sample population included was patients with lower limb amputation due to dysvascular etiology, who were admitted for prosthesis for a period of 1 year at Government Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine. Statistical analysis was performed using the standard statistical software.

Results:
Analysis showed that there is a correlation between non-O blood group and dysvascular amputation compared to O group. Among non-O group, population with B +ve has higher incidence of amputation as analysed from the study.

Conclusion:
This study reveals that there is a strong correlation between dysvascular amputation and non-O blood group. Focus on the prevention of modifiable risk factors may reduce the incidence of amputation for risk-prone blood group.
Delayed Diagnosis of Hirayama Disease Due to an Antecedent History of Trauma: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Kumar Sanyal , Kumar Anjani , Johnson Renu Anna , Das Subha , Pandey Sanjay Kumar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Hirayama illness is a rare neurological condition that first manifests as gradual muscular weakening and wasting of the distal upper limb in young males, followed within a few years by a spontaneous arrest. The spinal cord and cervical dural sac are thought to have been displaced forward by neck flexion, which is thought to be the cause of the condition. In contrast to the Middle East countries, it is more widespread in Asia. We have described here two cases from India, who presented with increasing weakness and wasting of the distal part of their upper limbs after a traumatic event. Although their symptoms were initially thought to be due to trauma, later, they were diagnosed as cases of Hirayama disease (HD), following detailed history and physical examination, radiological investigations and electrophysiological examination. A review of the literature was done which also described electrophysiological and radiographic findings, which supported our diagnosis. For young male patients who present with weakness and wasting of upper limb distal group muscles, HD should be investigated because it is infrequently seen in clinical settings.
Evaluation of Knee Radiograph and its Interrelation between Body Mass Index and Range of Motion in Osteoarthritic Knee
Authors: Al Mahmood Md. Rashid , Uddin Md. Taslim , Khasru Moshiur Rahman , Islam Mohammad Tariqul , Mithun Mubdiur Rahman 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Context:
Assessing knee osteoarthritis (OA) radiologically is a well-recognised investigation technique. Range of motion (ROM) measurement gives an idea about the functional status of the joint. Body mass index (BMI) increment is one of the risk factors of worsening knee OA.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate OA radiologically and to search the status of BMI, ROM and Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) score of osteoarthritic knee patients and find their interrelations.

Settings:
This study was conducted at the department of physical medicine and rehabilitation in a tertiary hospital of Bangladesh.

Designs:
This was a cross-sectional study.

Methodology:
Purposive selection of 66 primary OA knees was done. Compartmental distribution of osteoarthritic knee was determined. Radiographics were determined by KL score system. BMI was calculated conventionally. Maximum flexion, extension and total excursion were measured by a universal goniometer.

Results:
Fifty per cent of participants had tricompartmental OA. Patients with maximum KL score 2 had significantly more total excursion (127.44 ± 2.89) compared to maximum KL score 3 (121.51 ± 3.14) and 4 (110.00 ± 3.58). Subjects with normal BMI had significantly more total excursion (125.00 ± 4.21) compared to overweight (121.03 ± 6.84) and obese patients (122.54 ± 4.31) (P = 0.044). 60.9% of subjects with normal BMI had significantly more maximum KL score 2 compared to overweight (33.3%) and obese patients (7.7%). A positive correlation was present between BMI and maximal KL score (r = 0.345, P = 0.005). A significant strong negative correlation was found between maximal KL score and total excursion (r = −0.825, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Different percentages of unicompartmental, bicompartmental and tricompartmental knee OA were found. Osteoarthritic patients with higher BMI had lower ROM and increased KL radiographic scores.
Antibacterial Activity of the Vancomycin and Cefotaxime-Incorporated Total Etch Adhesive System – An In Vitro Study
Authors: Rangareddy M. S. , Wahed Md Abdul , Kumar B. Shravan , Karteek Basa Srinivas , Reddy Chavva Lakshmi Charan , Agrawal Jagrati 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Marginal failure at the resin dentin interface promotes biofilm formation, which further leads to secondary caries and hypersensitivity. This likelihood also increases if residual bacteria are present following cavity preparation. In order to achieve a proper biological seal without jeopardizing bonding, efforts were made to functionalize the adhesive system with antibacterial activity. Aim and objectives: To appraise the antibacterial activity of a total-etch adhesive system against S. mutans with and without incorporation of antibiotics Vancomycin and Cefotaxime.

Materials and Method:
A commercially available 5th-generation total-etch bonding agent (Te-Econorm) was used. S. mutans broth had been standardized and streaked over Muller-Hinton agar culture medium and round wells about 6 mm in diameter were made in the centre of the agar plates. Each experimental group comprised 10 samples, which include: Group 1 - 30µg Cefotaxime, Group 2- 30µg Cefotaxime + Bonding agent, Group 3- 30µg Vancomycin, Group 4- 30µg Vancomycin + Bonding agent, Group 5- Bonding agent, and Group 6- No material. Inoculated culture plates were examined for the zone of inhibition after incubation at 37° C for 24 hours.

Results:
There was a significant difference in the mean diameter of zone of inhibition (p=0.000), with the maximum exhibited by Group 4, followed by Group 3 and Group 2. The least zone of inhibition was exhibited by Groups 1 and 5. The negative control showed no zone of inhibition.

Conclusion:
The combination of Vancomycin and bonding agent had superior antibacterial activity against S. mutans in comparison to cefotaxime and bonding agent.
Evaluation of Postoperative Pain Perception Incidence after Single-Visit Versus Multiple-Visit Root Canal Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gupta Harshita 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Newer concept of root canal therapy is single-visit one rather than conventional multivisit therapy. Major complaint of patients after root canal therapy is mild or severe pain.

Aim:
This study aims to assess the prevalence of postoperative discomfort after root canal treatment conducted in both single and multiple visits.

Materials and Methods:
An experiment using a randomized controlled trial design was conducted, including a total of 80 participants. These individuals were then separated into two groups, with each group consisting of 40 participants. Group A had single-visit root canal therapy, whereas Group B received multivisit root canal treatment. The incidence of pain after therapy was evaluated and compared at four time points: 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours after obturation.

Results:
The level of pain experienced by patients in Group B was notably greater in comparison with individuals in Group A. Nevertheless, there was no statistically significant difference in the level of pain reported by the patients 48 hours after treatment in either of the groups.

Conclusion:
There is no significant difference in the occurrence of discomfort after endodontic treatment conducted in either a single visit or many visits, as seen during a 48-hour period after obturation.
Assessment of Two Different Obturation Systems in Primary Teeth: A Comparative Study
Authors: Abushanan Alwaleed , Alazmah Abdulfatah , Alqarni Adel S. , Alagla Maram , Penumatsa Narendra Varma , Hassan Saeed Awod Bin 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two distinct obturation techniques in primary teeth.

Materials and Methods:
For this investigation, 40 primary molar teeth were taken into consideration. Every sample underwent sample preparation. All teeth were evenly split into two groups: Group 1-obturation using the lentulospiral method and Group 2-obturation using the NaviTip method. The comparison between the two procedures was established through radiographic evaluation of the obturation quality and voids in the obturated canals.

Results:
In the lentulospiral method, 12 (60%) were optimal filling, 6 (30%) were underfilling, and 2 (10%) were overfilling. In the lentulo spiral method, 40% voids were present, and in the NaviTip method, 15% voids were present.

Conclusion:
The present study concluded that the NaviTip syringe method was sufficiently effective in regulating voids and yielded the best results for the apical seal, whereas the lentulo spiral approach generated the best results in terms of length of obturation.
Assessing the Impact of AI-Enhanced Diagnostic Tools on the Treatment Planning of Orthodontic Cases: An RCT
Authors: Gaonkar Prachi , Mohammed Imad , Ribin Mohammed , Kumar D Chetan , Thomas Pallavi A. , Saini Ruchi 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Orthodontic treatment planning involves the precise assessment of dental and skeletal anomalies, which can be facilitated by AI-enhanced diagnostic tools.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 100 orthodontic cases were included in this RCT. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: an AI-enhanced diagnostic group and a traditional diagnostic group. The AI-enhanced diagnostic group underwent orthodontic assessment with the aid of AI-powered software, which provided automated cephalometric analysis, 3D model evaluations, and treatment suggestions. The traditional diagnostic group received conventional diagnostic assessments by orthodontists. The primary outcome measures included treatment planning accuracy, treatment time, and patient satisfaction. Secondary outcomes included the number of appointments required and treatment cost.

Results:
The AI-enhanced diagnostic group demonstrated a significantly higher accuracy in treatment planning compared to the traditional diagnostic group (P < 0.05). The AI group also required fewer appointments (mean ± SD: 10.2 ± 2.1 vs. 12.8 ± 3.4) and had a shorter treatment time (mean ± SD: 14.6 ± 3.2 months vs. 18.9 ± 4.5 months) (P < 0.001 for both comparisons). Additionally, patient satisfaction scores were higher in the AI group (mean ± SD: 9.2 ± 0.6 vs. 8.1 ± 0.8) (P < 0.001). However, the AI-enhanced diagnostic group had a slightly higher treatment cost.

Conclusion:
AI-enhanced diagnostic tools significantly enhance the accuracy of treatment planning in orthodontic cases, leading to reduced treatment time, fewer appointments, and increased patient satisfaction.
Comparative Assessment of Total Antioxidant Capacity of Unstimulated Saliva Which Can Reflect the Oxidative Stress between Autism Children and Normal Children
Authors: Sundaram Manikandan , Kumarasamy Baskaran , Subbian Kavitha P. , Perumal Mohan Kumar , Balu Kiruthika , Manikandan Saranya 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
To assess the level of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the unstimulated saliva of autism children and normal children.

Methods:
A total of 60 children participated in the study (autism children—30; normal children—30) in the age-group of 7–14 years, at a Special Needs Children’s Home in Salem district. Both groups were further subdivided into subgroups of 15 children each (caries-free and caries-active). All children were given instructions regarding saliva sample collection, and unstimulated saliva samples were collected in sterile cryovials and transported to the laboratory at 4°C, where the TAC of saliva was evaluated using the spectrophotometric assay.

Results:
TAC of autism children was comparable to that of normal children due to personal care and improved diet. TAC was increased in caries-active children when compared to caries-free children in both groups. When comparing the mean values of TAC in caries-active and caries-free children of both groups, it was not statistically significant. So, from the above results, it can be assumed that the diet, age, and caries activity have a definitive influence on the TAC level of saliva.

Conclusion:
Personal hygiene, diet, age, and caries activity have a definitive influence on the level of TAC in saliva.
Revascularization Revisited with Modified Triple Antibiotic Paste and NeoPutty MTA®
Authors: Acharya Sonu , Sahoo Dipmalla , Singh Bismay , Gurunathan Deepa 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim:
Performing endodontic treatment in an immature permanent tooth that has experienced trauma or carious exposure can pose challenges. The root canals in these teeth are typically open and fragile, making instrumentation and obturation difficult. Traditional apexification, which involves placing calcium hydroxide paste in the root canal for a specified period to induce the formation of a calcified barrier, has been a long-standing approach. While it is a widely used method, leaving the paste in the root for extended periods can weaken it due to the paste’s hygroscopic properties and the proteolytic activities of calcium hydroxide. As a result, researchers have been exploring alternative treatments that allow for the full development of immature teeth. Revascularization has emerged as one such alternative, with a variety of treatment protocols documented in scientific literature.

Description of the Case:
This case report, for the first time, describes the use of NeoPutty MTA® and triple antibiotics paste for revascularization in a young female child on a carious, exposed lateral incisor with opex apex with success.

Conclusion:
The revascularization process attempted on the infected tooth met with success and closure of apex was noticed in a short period of time.
Electrochemical dissolution and retrieval of broken NiTi endodontic files from root canal using chloride based isotonic fluids as electrolytes − An in vitro study
Authors: Hariprasad R. , Joy Basil , Kuriakose Feby , Sudhakar Aswathy S. , Soumya T. S. , Pathrose Sonia P. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The electrochemical dissolution method of instrument retrieval emphasizes on the dissolution of the instrument rather than sacrificing dentine. Most of the studies conducted for electrochemical dissolution used fluoride-containing electrolytes and were performed inside a beaker. In this study, we used chloride-based fluids as electrolytes.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty extracted mandibular first premolars were divided into five groups based on the electrolytes used. Canals were enlarged to ProTaper Universal F2, and files were intentionally broken inside the canal. These specimens were subjected to electrochemical characterization by applying the potential of 9V for 20 min. Optical images were taken to assess the change in surface topography. The results were analyzed statistically by one-way analysis of variance (analysis of variance [ANOVA]).

Results:
The rate of dissolution based on the electrolyte used decreased in the following order, viz. Tyrode’s solution>artificial saliva>normal saline>Ringer’s lactate/physiological serum.

Conclusion:
Apart from fluoride, chloride-based electrolytes could be an efficient alternative.
Study of Culture Conversion in Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis on All-Oral Longer Regimen at IGIMS, Patna
Authors: Kumar Gudesh , Kumar Manish , Muni Sweta , Kumar Rakesh , Shankar Manish , Kumar Randhir , Kumari Namrata 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) refers to tuberculosis that resists at least two primary drugs, namely isoniazid and rifampicin. To assess the management of MDR-TB, sputum culture conversion is performed. This study aimed to determine the culture conversion status of MDR-TB patients undergoing an all-oral longer regimen.

Methods:
This research constitutes an observational and prospective study conducted within a hospital setting. The study was done at the Department of Microbiology, IGIMS, Patna, from October 2020 to March 2022. Culture conversion in multidrug resistance pulmonary tuberculosis on all-oral longer regimens took one spot and one morning sample of sputum as per standard protocol after completing two months of all-oral longer regimens and culturing it in liquid broth using Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) 960 System at two, four then six months till we got a negative result.

Results:
Maximum number of the cases, 77 (74.8%), belonged to 19–35 years of age group. Males were 68 (66.1%) and females were 35 (33.9%), respectively, with male to female ratio of 1.9:1. After 2 months of oral longer regimen treatment, out of 103 cases, we found 98 (95.1%) patients had sputum for culture positive and only five (4.2%) patients had sputum for culture negative. After 6 months of oral longer regimen treatment, out of 101 cases, we found 16 (15.8%) patients had sputum for culture positive and 85 (85.2%) patients had sputum for culture negative.

Conclusion:
In patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB) who received an all-oral longer regimen, the introduction of bedaquiline led to positive outcomes as evidenced by a greater number of negative sputum cultures, a decrease in culture reversions, and a reduced risk of developing a more resistant form of MDR-TB.
STITCH and Molecular Docking Analysis of Selected Wood Apple (Limonia acidissima) Constituents as Anti-Dandruff and Anti-Acne Agents
Authors: Vishnupriya N. , Sankar M. Mani , Vimal S. , Radhakrishnan N. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Wood apple (Limonia acidissima) has been reported to possess various pharmacological activities. The present study aimed to evaluate the 11 selected constituents of Wood apple (L. acidissima) as potent anti-dandruff and anti-acne agents using a molecular docking approach.

Materials and Methods:
The 11 selected constituents of Wood apple were studied on the molecular docking behavior of Malassezia globosa Lipase-1 and Cutibacterium acnes beta-keto acyl synthase-III enzymes by using the patchdock method. Furthermore, STITCH analysis was carried out to determine the ligand-protein interactions. STITCH analysis reveals that two ligands, namely, psoralen and umbelliferone, have exhibited interactions with both the M. globosa and P. acnes KPA 171202 proteins.

Results:
The docking studies revealed that isopimpinellin and saponarin exhibited the highest (ACE) atomic contact energy (−162.32 and − 318.63 kcal/mol) with that of M. globosa Lipase-1 and C. acnes beta-ketoacyl synthase-III, respectively.

Conclusion:
Thus, the present finding provides new knowledge for understanding the 11 selected ligands of Wood apple (L. acidissima) as potent anti-dandruff and anti-acne agents.
Antibacterial Efficacy of Herbal and 0.2% Chlorhexidine Mouth Rinse Against Oral Pathogens – An In vitro Study
Authors: Nagappan Nagappan , Palaneeswaran Kamalashankar , Nalankilli Ashok Viswanath , Nyklesh V , Mani Muralimani , Aziz Mac B Abdul 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Nature has given us an enormous number of medicines for every disease that affects people.

Aim:
To compare the antimicrobial efficacy of an herbal and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthrinse against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis.

Materials and Methods:
The antimicrobial effectiveness (zone of inhibition) of a herbal mouthrinse and 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthrinse were determined by agar well-diffusion method.

Results:
At 50% concentration, the experimental mouthrinse inhibits the growth of Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis.

Conclusion:
Against the three strains, chlorhexidine mouthrinse (0.2%) performs better in terms of antimicrobial effectiveness.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Neo-endo, Hyflex Re-treatment File Systems and H-Files for Removing Gutta-Percha From Root Canal Treated Tooth by Using Stereomicroscope—An In Vitro Study
Authors: Karunakar P , Ranga Reddy M S , Karteek Basa Srinivas , Lakshmi Charan Reddy Chavva , Swetha Chigurupati , Racha Kundana , Waheed Sumaiya 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
To evaluate the efficacy of Neo-endo, Hyflextm retreatment file systems, and H-files for removing gutta-percha from root canal treated tooth.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty extracted single-rooted human teeth with a single canal were opted. The shaping of the root canals was done with pro-taper universal files and later obturated. The samples were grouped based on the file system chosen for removing the obturating material: Group I-H-files; Group II-Neo-endo retreatment files; Group III-Hyflex™ retreatment files. The quantity of remaining gutta-percha still present after the retreatment procedure was assessed under a stereomicroscope. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to statistically analyze the data.

Results:
Hyflex™ files left less remaining filling material than with Neo-endo and H-files.

Conclusion:
The Hyflex™ retreatment files were most efficient in removing the gutta-percha from the root canal.
The Effect of Non-Invasive Treatment Techniques on the Color Masking Ability and Surface Roughness of Induced Enamel Lesions (An in vitro Study)
Authors: Obead Nada , Bubteina Nagat , Salem Khaled Awidat , Peeran Syed Wali , Karobari Mohmed Isaqali , Basheer Syed Nahid 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim of the Study:
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of the resin infiltration technique and remineralization of induced enamel caries with fluoride solution on the color masking of white spot lesions and surface roughness.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 45 sound teeth were used in this study. All the teeth were sectioned along the long axes into two halves, lingual and buccal to get 90 specimens. All specimens were immersed in a demineralized solution for 7 days. The specimens were divided randomly into three equal groups (n = 30) according to the type of treatment; Group 1 (n = 30) was treated with fluoride varnish (Clinpro); Group 2 (n = 30) was treated by resin infiltration (Icon); and Group 3 (n = 30) was used as a control group with no treatment. The color and surface roughness were measured three times at baseline (T1), directly after induction of artificial white spot lesions (WSLs) (T2), and directly after application of the treatment options (T3). The colors were measured using a portable reflective spectrophotometer and the 3D surface roughness was measured using a Light Sectioning Vision System. Data were collected and statistically analyzed using T test and Mann–Whitney U test.

The Results:
Surface roughness was almost equal in the study groups with no statistically significant differences reported. Icon showed slightly higher color scores than that of ClinPro.

Conclusions:
The Icon produced favorable esthetic results compared to the fluoride therapy while no significant differences were reported regarding the surface roughness.