bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maximum potential of PV installation based on an energy system planning model considering a distribution voltage constraint
Authors: Kaewniyompanit Songpakit , Sugihara Hideharu , Tsuji Kiichiro , Funabashi Toshihisa , Okuno Yoshimichi , Hayashi Takanori 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAs the key solution for energy sustainability this decade, the growth of installing photovoltaic (PV) systems has dramatically increased. However, the high penetration of PV systems can cause a voltage variation problem in a distribution grid. This paper proposes a model for evaluating the maximum potential for installing PV systems in an urban area under a bus voltage constraint. A PV system is considered as an energy system alternative that replaces a conventional system. Regarding the power variation, it is necessary to add a parameter that is used to evaluate the variation of PV systems in terms of a standard deviation to the PV systems' electric load curve. The installations of PV and conventional systems are determined as share solutions for each load area along a distribution network. Total power loads and variations in each load area are input to a load flow calculation to obtain each bus voltage and confirm the voltage constraint. Finally, the total PV system installations over the whole network area is maximized. The alternative PV system with battery installation is introduced to validate the model evaluation when comparing with a typical PV system without a battery, which has larger power variation. Furthermore, adjusting the sending voltage at a substation to increase the PV installation is validated using the proposed model. Copyright © 2009 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Short‐Span seeking control of hard disk drives with multirate vibration suppression perfect tracking control
Authors: Fujimoto Hiroshi 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this paper, a novel vibration suppression perfect tracking control (PTC) method is proposed for short‐span seeking mode of hard disk drives (HDDs) based on multirate feedforward control. In the proposed method, it is assumed that plant is modeled as the rigid‐body and primary vibration modes. By using this model, a feedforward PTC is designed with a modified controllable canonical realization in order to control the transient response of position, velocity, acceleration, and jerk of the proposed virtual plant. Simulations and experiments are carried out to show that the proposed system can suppress the primary vibration mode in short‐span seeking control. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a benchmark problem of HDD control which is made by a technical committee of IEE of Japan. The robustness of the proposed feedforward method is examined against the variation of primary vibration frequency. Copyright © 2009 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Realization of anti‐slip/skid re‐adhesion control for electric commuter train based on disturbance observer
Authors: Ohishi Kiyoshi , Hata Tadashi , Sano Takashi , Yasukawa Shinobu 
Published: February 2009

AbstractRecently, disturbance observer has been used in many system and industry applications. This paper focus on the fine motion control technology based on disturbance observer for electric commuter train. The improvement of adhesion characteristics is important in electric commuter train. We propose the anti‐slip/skid re‐adhesion control system based on disturbance observer and sensor‐less vector control. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by the experiment based on the actual electric commuter train, which is Series 205‐5000 of East Japan Railway Company. Moreover, in order to extend the anti‐slip/skid re‐adhesion control considering the bogie vibration phenomenon, we propose a new anti‐slip re‐adhesion control based on the high order disturbance observer considering the resonant frequency of bogie system. Copyright © 2009 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Improvement of tracking accuracy of double‐column machining center with high‐speed and high‐acceleration driving
Authors: Miyaji Masashi , Yura Motozumi , Iwasaki Makoto 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper presents the technologies for high‐precision machining with high‐speed and high‐acceleration driving of feed‐axis of double‐column machining centers. In the proposed approach, linear motors whose stator has no magnet are adopted to the feed‐axis to realize the high‐speed and high‐acceleration driving. In addition, the characteristic of generating little heat is necessary for this linear motor to keep out thermal deformations of the machine structure. In the proposed approach, the force pulsation of linear motor is reduced by arranging magnets and canceling effects of two sliders. As a result, the motor position can be controled with high accuracy. Moreover, the high‐acceleration causes deflections of the machine structure such as a column. The deflections cause tracking errors at the cutting point of the tool, even if the motor position follows the position command correctly. Then, we propose to adopt the feedforward compensation based on the measured mechanical deflections. Experimental verifications using MCR‐H (double‐column machining center) show the significant performance improvement of the proposed method. Copyright © 2009 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Servo techniques for optical disk drives —high‐speed and precise optical beam‐positioning control—
Authors: Koide Daiichi , Tokumaru Haruki , Miayazaki Toshimasa , Ohishi Kiyoshi 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe introduce advanced servo techniques for optical disk drives. High speed and precise optcal beam‐positioning and following controls are required archival memories such as high density and high data transfer rate optical disk drives for recording many data and high quality moving pictures toward next generation systems. The zero phase error tracking‐feed‐forward (ZPET‐FF) control method is effective for the next generation systems, which have high disk rotation speed beyond the limit of 10,000 rpm of optical disk drives such as current CDs, DVDs or Blu‐ray discs. Copyright © 2009 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A highly sensitive thermosensing CMOS Circuit Based on self‐biasing circuit technique
Authors: Hirose Tetsuya , Hagiwara Atsushi , Asai Tetsuya , Amemiya Yoshihito 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA thermosensing CMOS circuit that changes its internal voltage steeply at a critical temperature was developed. The circuit is based on a self‐biasing circuit technique and uses the temperature‐sensitive characteristics of MOSFETs operating in the subthreshold region. To develop this sensor device, a method to analyze self‐biasing circuits, which is different from a conventional one, was employed. This method is useful for understanding the self‐biasing circuit operation. A temperature sensor device makes use of a MOSFET resistor's transition from a strong inversion to a weak‐inversion or subthreshold operation. The temperature at which the transition occurs can be set to a desired value by adjusting the parameters of MOSFETs in the circuit. The sensor LSI can be made using a standard CMOS process and can be used as over‐temperature and over‐current protectors for LSI circuits. Copyright © 2009 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Methods to control wheel locks and wheel spins on low friction coefficient roads for front and rear wheel independent drive type electric vehicles (FRID EVs)
Authors: Mutoh Nobuyoshi , Yahagi Hiromichi , Yokota Kyohei 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWheel lock and spin control methods suitable for front and rear wheel independent drive type electric vehicles (FRID EVs) are studied here. Wheel locks and spins occur easily when braking and driving operations such as deceleration and acceleration are performed on bad roads with low friction coefficient such as wet or frozen roads. The methods studied here are characterized by using the structural feature of FRID EVs which can freely distribute the driving and braking torques to front and rear wheels according to running and road surface conditions. These wheel locks and spins occurring when braking and driving on bad roads are controlled by properly distributing the braking and driving torques to front and rear wheels in consideration of the load movement caused by braking operations and slip ratios of the front and rear wheel sides. The effectiveness of the wheel lock and spin methods studied here is verified through simulations and experiments on various roads with a low friction coefficient using a prototype EV with the FRID structure. Copyright © 2009 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Dielectrics loss of PCBs leading to microwave heating
Authors: Kumada Akiko , Hidaka Kunihiko , Amano Kouji , Itoh Kohichi 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA new effective processing for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has been recently developed. PCBs become harmless by dechlorination using 2.45 GHz‐microwave (MW). To investigate such chemical reaction by MW irradiation, the dielectric loss of pure PCBs solutions and an isomer mixture in MW band is measured. Some PCBs and isopropyl alchol, added as a source of hydrogen supply have high dielectric loss in MW band. This suggests that MW heats PCBs and isopropyl alchol, and then the temperature of the solvent consisting mainly of insulating oil rises by the thermal conduction. Copyright © 2009 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Generation of cabbage‐shaped nanocarbons using arc discharge in a foam
Authors: Kim Yuichi , Nishikawa Eiichi , Kioka Toshihide 
Published: February 2009

AbstractNanocarbons with a cross‐section in the shape of a cabbage were generated using an arc discharge in foam, which represents a gas‐fluid multiphase. TEM observations indicated that these cabbage‐shaped nanocarbons have a diameter of 50‐500nm and represent spherical materials resembling the shape of a twisted graphite sheet. Copyright © 2009 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Heart current in an anatomically realistic human model due to contact with a low‐frequency energized source
Authors: Tarao Hiroo , Hayashi Noriyuki , Isaka Katsuo 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDistributions of 60 Hz contact current around and inside the heart of the anatomically realistic human body are demonstrated under four scenarios: left hand to both feet, right hand to both feet, hand to hand, and foot to foot. The heart‐current ratios and the heart‐current factors are calculated. The new numerical method which is partly modified from the conventional scalar potential finite difference (SPFD) method is proposed. It is found that a part of ∼33–40% of the total contact current passes through the heart in three scenarios of one hand to either the other hand or feet, and these heart‐current ratios are much larger than the ones reported by Freiberger. Furthermore, the heart‐current factor is almost the same as the one in IEC 60479‐1 for the right‐hand‐to‐feet path, but is twice as much as the one in IEC 60479‐1 for the hand‐to‐hand path. Copyright © 2009 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Stability of solitary waves for a system of nonlinear Schrödinger equations with three wave interaction
Authors: Colin M. , Colin Th. , Ohta M. 
Published: February 2009

In this paper we consider a three components system of nonlinear Schrödinger equations related to the Raman amplification in a plasma. We study the orbital stability of scalar solutions of the form

(e^{2i\omega t}\varphi ,0,0)

,

(0,e^{2i\omega t}\varphi ,0)

,

(0,0,e^{2i\omega t}\varphi )

, where

φ

is a ground state of the scalar nonlinear Schrödinger equation.

Résumé

Dans cet article, on s'intéresse à un système de trois équations de Schrödinger qui modélise le phénomène d'amplification Raman dans les plasmas. On étudie la stabilité orbitale de solutions scalaires de la forme

(e^{2i\omega t}\varphi ,0,0)

,

(0,e^{2i\omega t}\varphi ,0)

,

(0,0,e^{2i\omega t}\varphi )

, où

φ

est l'état fondamental d'une équation de Schrödinger scalaire.
Relict nebkhas (pimple mounds) record prolonged late Holocene drought in the forested region of south-central United States
Authors: Seifert Christopher L. , Cox Randel Tom , Forman Steven L. , Foti Tom L. , Wasklewicz Thad A. , McColgan Andrew T. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe origin and significance of pimple mounds (low, elliptical to circular dune-like features found across much of the south-central United States) have been debated for nearly two centuries. We cored pimple mounds at four sites spanning the Ozark Plateau, Arkansas River Valley, and Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain and found that these mounds have a regionally consistent textural asymmetry such that there is a significant excess of coarse-grained sediment within their northwest flanks. We interpret this asymmetry as evidence of an eolian depositional origin of these mounds and conclude they are relict nebkhas (coppice dunes) deposited during protracted middle to late Holocene droughts. These four mounds yield optically stimulated luminescence ages between 2400 and 700 yr that correlate with well-documented periods of eolian activity and droughts on the southern Great Plains, including the Medieval Climate Anomaly. We conclude vegetation loss during extended droughts led to local eolian deflation and pimple mound deposition. These mounds reflect landscape response to multi-decadal droughts for the south-central U.S. The spatial extent of pimple mounds across this region further underscores the severity and duration of late Holocene droughts, which were significantly greater than historic droughts.
Effects of dietary supplementation with red-pigmented leafy lettuce (Lactuca sativa) on lipid profiles and antioxidant status in C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat high-cholesterol diet
Authors: Lee Jeung Hee , Felipe Penelope , Hyung Yang Yoon , Yeon Kim Mi , Yoon Kwon Oh , Sok Dai-Eun , Chin Kim Hyoung , Ree Kim Mee 
Published: February 2009

The present study was undertaken to assess the beneficial effects of a daily consumption of 8 % freeze-dried red-pigmented leafy lettuce (Lactuca sativa) on CVD. C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat high-cholesterol diet supplemented with or without red-pigmented leafy lettuce for 4 weeks. The present results showed that the red-pigmented leafy lettuce-supplemented diet significantly decreased the level of total and LDL-cholesterol and TAG in the plasma of the mice. The atherosclerotic index was calculated to be 46 % lower in the mice fed with the lettuce diet compared with the control diet. Lipid peroxidation measured by 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances was markedly reduced in the plasma, liver, heart and kidney of the mice fed the lettuce diet. The content of antioxidants (total glutathione and β-carotene) was significantly increased by lettuce supplementation. The antioxidant defence system by antioxidant enzymes including glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase and paraoxanase in blood or liver tissues was also increased, and showed the improved oxidative stress in the mice fed the lettuce diet. The measurement of tail DNA (%), tail extent moment and olive tail moment indicated that the lettuce diet increased the resistance of hepatocyte and lymphocyte DNA to oxidative damage. The present study showed that the supplementation of a high-cholesterol high-fat diet with 8 % red-pigmented leafy lettuce resulted in an improvement of plasma cholesterol and lipid levels, prevention of lipid peroxidation and an increase of the antioxidant defence system and, therefore, could contribute to reduce the risk factors of CVD.
Sympatric and allopatric combinations ofLymnaea columellaandFasciola hepaticafrom southern and south-eastern Brazil
Authors: Coelho L.H.L. , Lima W.S. , Guimaraes M.P. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractExperimental infections ofLymnaea columellawithFasciola hepaticawere carried out to test the effect of sympatric and allopatric combinations between parasite and host, by using snails and flukes from southern and south-eastern Brazil. Four groups of 50 snails were infected with four miracidia per snail: two groups in sympatric and two groups in allopatric combinations. Sympatric combinations between parasite and host were more efficient than allopatric ones when snails from Itajubá were used, but the opposite was observed in infections involving snails from Pelotas. The sympatric association betweenL. columellaandF. hepaticafrom Itajubá was significantly higher than in the other combinations. We concluded that the host–parasite relationship betweenL. columnellaandF. hepaticamay vary according to the geographical origin of the snails and flukes involved.
The Language of Controversy
Authors: Britton Karl 
Published: February 2009

There are, plainly, very many reasons why a controversy should be inconclusive and abortive, and yet constantly reviving. It might, for example, be one that interests only the very stupid or prejudiced; or one that interests everyone deeply, demanding an answer of everyone, yet not yielding any really decisive evidence; or the controversy might be one in which thesis and antithesis are natural expressions of opposed psychological types (“Tough-” and “Tender-minded” people); or it might be one that is commonly conducted in terms that are vague, misleading, and question-begging. In this paper I shall confine myself to the last of these reasons: the use of language which makes it extremely difficult to understand what either of the parties are really asserting, and where, if at all, they contradict each other. I hope I shall not be thought to exaggerate the importance of this familiar factor, but I hope to show that in many important controversies the best will in the world and all the patience and tolerance a man can muster are not sufficient: special training and considerable independent reflection are necessary if the debate in question is not to prove as profitless as those described by Omar Khayyam of Naishapur:Myself when young did eagerly frequentDoctor and Saint, and heard great ArgumentAbout it and about: but evermoreCame out by the same Door as in I went.
The Development of Bishop Butler's Ethics: Part II
Authors: McPherson Thomas H. 
Published: February 2009

Most critics of Butler's ethics have ignored the text of the Analogy, and have confined their attention to the short Dissertation on Virtue which is printed as an appendix to that work. This is a mistake. The Dissertation can only be really understood when it is read in its proper context. Butler tells us that the Dissertation was originally intended to form part of the third chapter of the first part of the Analogy. It is indeed an integral part of that chapter, as that chapter is an integral part of the book. The whole work must be considered if we would know Butler's mind at this time.In seeking to follow Butler's thoughts on ethics as set out in the Analogy we are met with fewer inconsistencies than are to be found in the Sermons, but a good deal more in the way of obscurity and difficult phrasing. Butler reasons very closely, and gives few concessions to the hasty reader. Also, his cautious mind leads him to qualify his statements lest he commit himself to more than he is prepared to say, with the result that his sentences often contain many dependent clauses which cloud his meaning. But, although there may be passages of a contrary tendency, the view which will be developed here seems to represent the general drift of the Analogy.
Ethical Intuitionism
Authors: Strawson P. F. 
Published: February 2009

North.—What is the trouble about moral facts? When someone denies that there is an objective moral order, or asserts that ethical propositions are pseudo-propositions, cannot I refute him (rather as Moore refuted those who denied the existence of the external world) by saying: “You know very well that Brown did wrong in beating his wife. You know very well that you ought to keep promises. You know very well that human affection is good and cruelty bad, that many actions are wrong and some are right”?West.—Isn't the trouble about moral facts another case of trouble about knowing, about learning? We find out facts about the external world by looking and listening; about ourselves, by feeling; about other people, by looking and listening and feeling. When this is noticed, there arises a wish to say that the facts are what is seen, what is heard, what is felt; and, consequently, that moral facts fall into one of these classes. So those who have denied that there are “objective moral characteristics” have not wanted to deny that Brown's action was wrong or that keeping promises is right.
Intuition in Christian Philosophy
Authors: Stead G. C. 
Published: February 2009

The object of this paper is to examine the concept of intuition and to determine what part, if any, it should play in Christian philosophy. It is a complex inquiry, and I shall have to save space by a certain economy of purely historical detail, and also, if you will allow me, by by-passing the vexed question of Revelation and Natural Theology. It seems to me that whatever the issue of this debate may prove to be, it will not prevent philosophers from plying their trade; and whether they, or some of them, are to be dignified with the title of Natural Theologians is a problem they can leave to others. The only remaining question is, whether it is lawful for a Christian minister to engage in philosophy. As philosophy is not an openly scandalous pursuit, and there is no canon against it, I take the answer to be “Yes.” I would have you regard this paper as an essay in philosophy and allow me to investigate certain aspects of human knowledge, and the light they throw on man's knowledge of God, without presupposing a self-revelation of God to man. Without presupposing, but also without excluding it; revelation cannot be a primary datum for the philosopher, but it may well turn out to be his only ultimately satisfactory conclusion.Adopting this standpoint, we shall inevitably be traversing that current of thought which reached England about fifty years ago and which, with its eddies and counter-currents, is still a moving force: I mean the insistence on religious experience, and more particularly the analysis of religious experience by the methods of psychology. In practice this method tended to concentrate on the experiences of the individual, and to disregard the far richer store of experience which lay crystallized in historic documents and liturgies—except in so far as these acted as a stimulus to individual piety.
Philosophy in Germany
Authors: Knight Helen 
Published: February 2009

SummaryThis survey first deals with German Philosophy in the Twentieth Century and Forms of Thought, both by Hans Leisegang. It then summarizes Theodor Ziehen's Foundations of the Philosophy of Religion. Next it refers to a revised edition of Hermann Cohen's Religion of Reason, and to two small books by Louis Anderson. Finally some shorter announcements of other new books, including Hans Reichenbach's Philosophy of the Space-Time Theory, which Einstein has praised, Nicolai Hartmann's Hegel, and a new edition of Bolzano's Theory of Science.
‘Is it True What They Say About Tarski?’
Authors: Haack Susan 
Published: February 2009

Popper welcomes Tarski's theory of truth as a vindication of the ‘objective or absolute or correspondence theory of truth’:Tarski's greatest achievement, and the real significance of his theory for the philosophy of the empirical sciences, is that he rehabilitated the correspondence theory of absolute or objective truth … He vindicated the free use of the intuitive idea of truth as correspondence to the facts …