bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfil epidemiológico da sífilis congênita na região norte
Authors: Coelho dos Santos Jamily , Brito da Silva Elizete , Da Conceição Caetano de Siqueira Maria , Santos Luana Almeida dos 
Published: April 2024

Introdução: A sífilis congênita é uma patologia infectocontagiosa transmitida da gestante para o feto via placenta, a infecção ocorre quando a bactéria T. pallidum está presente na corrente sanguínea da gestante, atravessa a placenta e atinge a corrente sanguínea do feto. Objetivos: Este trabalho tem como objetivo geral analisar o perfil epidemiológico da sífilis congênita na região norte. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa de caráter descritivo, realizada através do TABNET. Foram coletados dados Epidemiológicos e de Morbidade, dispostos no SINAN, referentes ao período de 2018 a 2021, da Região Norte. Resultados: A pesquisa apresenta uma redução no número de casos notificados da doença no decorrer dos anos, especialmente no ano de 2021, demonstrou também um índice bastante expressivo no estado do Pará, com o total de 2.943 casos, o estado teve a maior incidência da região, a faixa etária mais acometida foi de até 6 dias de vida, além disso, a pesquisa demonstrou o total de 6.667 vivos e 85 óbitos, a região apresentou um total de 5.831 grávidas que realizaram o pré-natal, 3.215 casos identificados durante o pré-natal, 2.714 casos confirmados durante o parto ou curetagem e 918 casos após o parto. Conclusão: A sífilis congênita se configura como uma patologia que possui grande abrangência no país e constitui um grande desafio para o alcance de seu controle, sendo necessário o empenho das equipes de atenção básica para que as políticas de saúde possam ser aplicadas, permitindo assim um diagnóstico precoce e um tratamento imediato para reduzir o índice de contaminação.
MILLIY IQTISODIYOTDA TRANSPORTNING AHAMIYATI
Authors: Shanazarova Nilufar 
Published: April 2024

Maqolada mamlakat iqtisodiyotini rivojlanishida transport tarmog‘ining ahamiyati atroflicha yoritib berilgan. Shuningdek, transportning iqtisodiyotga ta’sir qiluvchi bir qancha omillari o‘rganilgan. Transport infratuzilmasini boshqarish va tashuvlarni amalga oshirish bo‘yicha xulosalar shakllantirilgan.
SAMARQAND JADIDCHILIK MAKTABI VAKILLARI ASARLARINING TIL XUSUSIYATI
Authors: Raxmatova Dilafruz 
Published: April 2024

XIX asr oxiri XX asr boshlarida Turkiston ma'naviy hayoti juda keskin o‘zgarishlarga uchradi. Bu hol, tabiiyki, jadid adabiyotida ham namoyon bo‘ldi. Birinchidan, shu paytgacha adabiy me'yor sanalgan arab, fors-tojikcha so‘zlarning ishlatilishi bo‘lsa, ikkinchi tomondan Turkistonga rus tilining kirib kelishi bilan namoyon bo‘ladi. Buning ustiga rus tili orqali Yevropa tillarining kirib kelishi ham o‘zbek tilining takomiliga, rivojiga hissa qo‘shdi. Samarqand jadidchilik maktabi vakillari asarlari tilini tahlil qilish orqali ijodkorning tildan foydalanish uslubini kuzatish mumkin.
KORPORATIV BOSHQARUVNING AYRIM NAZARIY JIHATLARI
Authors: Mahmudova Dilafruz 
Published: April 2024

Maqolada korporativ boshqaruvning paydo bo‘lishi va rivojlanishi, mamlakatimizda korporativ boshqaruvning mе’yoriy-huquqiy asoslari atroflicha yoritib bеrilgan. Shuningdеk, boshqarish samaradorligi nazariy jihatdan o‘rganilgan, mavzu doirasida xulosa va takliflar shakllantirilgan.
MAHMUD IBN MUHAMMAD IBN UMAR AL-CHAG‘MINIYNING «AL-MULAXXAS FI-L-HAY’A» RISOLASINING NUSXALARI VA QOZIZODA RUMIYNING SHARHI
Authors: Masharipova Gularam 
Published: April 2024

Ushbu maqolada Mahmud ibn Muhammad ibn Umar Al-Chag‘miniyning «Al-Mulaxxas fi-l-hay’a» risolasining nusxalari, ulardan Qozizoda Rumiy tomonidan yozilgan sharhi ilmiy jihatdan asoslab berilgan. Chag‘miniy risolasiga Qozizoda Rumiy yozgan sharh aniq fanlar talabi nuqtai nazaridan, ungacha mazkur asarga yozilgan sharhlarga nisbatan mukammalroqdir. Unda «Al-mulaxxas» matni to‘la berilgan va Qozizoda Rumiy qo‘shimchalari matn ichiga joylashtirilib, ustiga chiziq chizib chiqilgan. Qozizoda Rumiy tuzgan sharhning jahon kitob xazinalaridagi qo‘lyozmalari ko‘p. Undan bir parchasini ushbu maqolada keldirdik.
YOSHLAR MA’NAVIYATIGA TAHDID VA ULARDAN O‘ZINI ONGLI HIMOYA QILISH KO‘NIKMALARI
Authors: Xo‘janova Tamara 
Published: April 2024

Maqolada yoshlar ma’naviyatiga tahdidlar va ulardan yoshlarning ongli himoya qilish usul va ko‘nikmalari ilmiy jihatdan tahlil qilindi. O‘zbekistonning kelajagi har jihatdan uzluksiz ta’limning holati bilan aloqadordir, chunki mutaxassis hodimlar tayyorlash darajasi azaldan xalqning iqtisodiy gullab yashnashi, madaniyati, ma’naviyati va hattoki ruhiyatini ham belgilab kelgan. Shuningdek, maqolada yoshlarni o‘z fikrlariga ega, turli ma’naviy xurujlarga qarshi sobit tura olishga qodir bo‘lgan, irodali, fidoyi va vatanparvar insonlar etib tarbiyalashda ma’naviy-ma’rifiy targ‘ibot ishlarining ta’sirchanligini ta’minlaydigan zamonaviy informatsion va kompyuter texnologiyalarini keng joriy etish, jamiyatimizning mafkuraviy immunitetini kuchaytirishga qaratilgan samarali usul-uslublarni ishlab chiqish, davlat va jamoat tashkilotlari uchun tegishli tavsiya va qo‘llanmalarni tayyorlash bugungi kunda muhim vazifamizga aylanib borayotganligini anglab olish zarurligi asoslab berildi.
TARJIMONLIK MALAKASINI SHAKLLANTIRISHNING PSIXOLINGVISTIK VA DIDAKTIK XUSUSIYATLARI
Authors: Mattiyeva Feruza 
Published: April 2024

Chet tillar boʻyicha davlat taʼlim standartini tayyorlash boʻyicha asosiy normativ-huquqiy hujjatlar. Davlat ta’lim standarti chet tillarini o‘qitishda kommunikativ-faollik, o‘quvchiga yo‘naltirilgan, integrativ va kompetensiyaga asoslangan yondashuvga asoslanadi. Tillarni bilish tizimini takomillashtirish, TestDAFni izchil amalga oshirish dialektik rivojlanishni nazarda tutadi. Chet tillarni o‘rganish tizimini yanada takomillashtirish chora-tadbirlari. Talablar tarjima turlariga - yozma va og‘zaki shaklga bo‘linmaydi. ST sohasidagi talablar kichik bo‘limida xalqaro konferensiyalarda sinxron, vizual, ketma-ket tarjimani amalga oshirish. Tizimli bilimga ega bo‘lish, dunyoqarashini rivojlantirish. jamiyat va tabiatda ro‘y berayotgan jarayon va hodisalar haqida yaxlit tushunchaga ega bo‘lish. Mustaqil ravishda yangi bilimlarni egallash, ular ustida ishlash va ilmiy faoliyatni ilmiy asosda tashkil qila olish. Tarjimaning nazariy asoslarini, tarjimaning grammatik, leksik, frazeologik, stilistik va pragmatik muammolarini, tarjima turlarini bilish, leksik kompetensiyaga ega bo‘lish, tarjimaning asosiy usullarini egallash.
O‘QUVCHILARDA MILLIY VA UMUMINSONIY QADRIYATLARNI TARBIYALASH METODIKASINING KREATIV PEDAGOGIK YONDASHUVI
Authors: Usmonova Matluba 
Published: April 2024

Jahon taraqqiyotida globallashuv tobora avj olib borayotgan, shiddatli o‘zgarishlar sodir bo‘layotgan murakkab zamonda, axloqiy tarbiyada milliy va umuminsoniy fazilatlarning oʻrnini oʻrganish, tahlil qilish va aniqlash, yosh avlodni tarbiyalash tarixiy zarurat va davr talabidir. Mamlakatimiz fuqarolari va o‘quvchilari orasida milliy-mafkuraviy tarbiya ishlarini takomillashtirish, shuningdek, bugungi kunda jamiyatda kuchayib borayotgan loqaydlik, beparvolik, milliy qadriyatlarimizga bepisandlik kabi ijtimoiy illatlar jamiyat va davlat uchun zararli ekanligini yoritib berish g‘oyat dolzarb. Ushbu maqolada avloddan avlodga meros bo‘lib qoladigan milliy va umuminsoniy qadriyatlarni tarix darslarida tarbiyalash usullari haqidagi fikrlar ilgari surilgan.
JAMOATCHILIK FIKRINI SHAKLLANTIRISHDA JAMOATCHILIK BILAN ALOQALARNING O'RNATISH
Authors: Tursunova Shahnoza 
Published: April 2024

OAV va mediamarkazlarni harakatlantiruvchi, ular axborotlarini dolzarblashtiruvchi kuch jamoatchilik fikri - pablik rileyshnz (PR)dir. O‘zbekistonda Respublikasi Prezidentining qarorlarida aks etgan Axborot xizmatlari faoliyatini yanada takomillashtirishga alohida e’tibor qaratilgandir. Jamiyatimizning OAV va mediamarkazlarga murojaatlarining yuqori ekanini demokratik talablar tantanasiga bo‘lgan ishonchi sifatida qaralishi mumkin. Shu bilan birga, milliy matbuotni demokratlashtirish va modernizatsiyalash borasida jiddiy, innovatsion o‘zgarishlar amalga oshirilishi kerakligi va eng avvalo innovatsion tafakkurga, yangicha fikrlash va izlanishlarga moyil matbuot xodimlariga, mutaxassislarga ehtiyoj katta ekanligi ko‘rsatib o‘tilgan.
JABRLANUVCHI SINDROMI, UNING ASOSIY SABABLARI VA BELGILARI
Authors: Мusinova Ruxshona , Qurbonova Aziza 
Published: April 2024

Ushbu maqolada jabrlanuvchi sindromining psixologik xususiyatlari alohida ko'rib chiqiladi va ularning kelib chiqish sabablari haqida ma’lumot berilgan. Bundan tashqari ”Jabrlanuvchi” va “sog’lom odam” o'rtasidagi asosiy farqlar, uning o'zi va hayoti uchun mas'uliyatni o'z zimmasiga olishdan qo'rqishi, va doimo qochib ketishi yoki bu mas'uliyatni boshqa birovga yuklashi haqida ham ta’kidlab o'tilgan.
The Impact of the Declaration of Presidential and Vice Presidential Candidates on Capital Market in Indonesia:
Authors: Junaedi Dedi , Supriyatna Rio Kartika , ArsyadArsyad Muhammad Rizal 
Published: April 2024

This research aims to analyze the impact of the declaration of the presidential and vice presidential candidates on the dynamics of the capital market in Indonesia. The method used is quantitative analysis with a multiple dummy variable regression approach. The results prove that the declaration of the presidential and vice presidential candidates has a significant impact on the dynamics of the capital market in Indonesia. The movements of conventional stock indices (Composite and LQ45) and sharia stock indices (JII70 and ISSI) are significantly influenced by the declaration of the presidential and vice presidential candidate pairs for the 2024 Election, with quite strong correlations (Composite 0.6242, LQ45 0.6805, JII70 0.7968, and ISSI 0.5181). The declaration of the Anies-Muhaimin pair (Capres1) is positively correlated with the movement of the Composite stock index, LQ45, JII70 and ISSI. Meanwhile, the declaration of the Ganjar-Mahfudz pair (Capres 2) and the Prabowo-Gibran pair had a negative correlation with the movement of the Composite stock index. Research facts show that the capital market responded positively to the declaration of pair number 1 (Anies-Muhainin). On the other hand, the capital market responded negatively to the declarations of pair Number 2 (Prabowo-Gibran) and pair Number 3 (Ganjar-Mahfudz). The capital market was under greater pressure after the Prabowo-Gibran pair was declared. Market pressure is greater on Prabowo-Gibran compared to the Ganjar-Mahfudz pair and the Anies-Amin pair.
Keywords: presidential and vice presidential candidate declaration, conventional capital market, sharia capital market
A Consideration of Whole-Life Carbon Emissions by Indiana Manufacturers in Efforts to Gauge Lifecycle Sustainability Records in the Multinational Automobile Industry
Authors: Tanoos James 
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The Ricardo Report (2020) recommends a holistic analysis of the effects of the global auto industry on sustainability by assessing the impacts of automobiles on the environment throughout their lifecycle. Much of the literature on sustainability in the transportation sector focuses on vehicle exhaust emissions and their contribution to urban smog, and there has been little consideration of emissions produced during the automobile manufacturing process itself.
Materials and Methods: This study builds on the lifecycle emissions approach recommended by the Ricardo Report. Specifically, data on the pounds of pollution emitted was collected from the Toxic Release Inventory report of major multinational automobile producers and analyzed via piecewise linear regression analyses to provide insight about the pollution emitted during a vehicle’s production.
Findings: The findings in this study will fill a gap in Ricardo’s “birth to grave” proposal to quantify whole-life carbon emissions in the automobile sector.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: As sustainability efforts within the automotive market continues to evolve, it is important to analyze automobile whole-life carbon emissions rather than just what is emitted from the tailpipe, and this study fills a gap in the Ricardo Report by providing data related to the rates of pollution emitted during the manufacture of vehicles at multinational automobile factories in America.
Magnitude of Diabetes Mellitus in Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
Authors: Moomal Bhutto  , Prem Kumar  , Nadeem Bajkani  , Shabana Lakho  , Chaman Das  , Dolat Singh  
Published: April 2024

Objective: To determine the frequency of diabetes mellitus in patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Gastroenterology, Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad, from February, 2020 to August, 2020. All individuals aged 18 to 60 years, of both genders, and those experiencing upper gastrointestinal bleeding were enrolled. A 5ml blood sample was taken to evaluate the blood sugar level. DM was defined as fasting plasma glucose > 7 mmol/I (126 mg/dl), or 2 hours post prandial plasma glucose >11 mmol/I (200mg/dl). All the collected information was entered into the predesigned proforma. Data was analyzed using SPSS v. 23.0.
Results: The mean age was 42.1 ± 11.2 years, and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 26.4 ± 6.1 kg/m². Among 184 patients, 73 (39.7%) were male, and 111 (60.3%) were female. Diabetes mellitus was found in 21 (11.4%) patients. Stratification of age groups, gender, BMI, and socioeconomic status with DM among individuals with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage found to be statistically insignificant (p >0.05).
Conclusion: Upon investigation of the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in cases of Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, notable results were found, revealing an observed incidence of DM at 11.4%. This emphasizes a significant presence of DM within this cohort, so prompt additional investigation into the connection between DM and Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage are recommended.
A faculty-led resident strike team as a force expander during disaster
Authors: Cornelius Angela P. , Rodrigues-Rosa Axel 
Published: April 2024

The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic produced an unprecedented strain on the United States medical system. Prior to the pandemic, there was an estimated 20,000 physician shortage. This has been further stressed by physicians falling ill and the increased acuity of the COVID-19 patients. Federal medical team availability was stretched to its capabilities with the large numbers of deployments.
With such severe staffing shortages, creative ways of force expansion were undertaken. New Orleans, Louisiana, was one of the hardest hit areas early in the pandemic. As the case counts built, a call was put out for help. The Louisiana State University (LSU) system responded with a faculty-led resident strike team out of the LSU Health Shreveport Academic Medical Center.
Residents and faculty alike volunteered, forming a multispecialty, attending-led medical strike team of approximately 10 physicians. Administrative aspects such as institution-specific credentialing, malpractice coverage, resident distribution, attending physician oversight, among other aspects were addressed, managed, and agreed upon between the LSU Health Shreveport and the New Orleans hospital institutions and leadership prior to deployment in April 2020.
In New Orleans, the residents managed patients within the departments of emergency medicine, medical floor, and intensive care unit (ICU). The residents assigned to the medical floor became a new hospitalist service team. The diversity of specialties allowed the team to address patient care in a multidisciplinary manner, leading to comprehensive patient care plans and unhindered team dynamic and workflow. During the first week alone, the team admitted and cared for over 100 patients combined from the medical floor and ICU.
In a disaster situation compounded by staff shortages, a resident strike team is a beneficial solution for force expansion. This article qualitatively reviews the first published incidence of a faculty-led multispecialty resident strike team being used as a force expander in a disaster.
A distinct immune cytokine profile is associated with morning cortisol and repeated stress
Authors: Ryznar Rebecca , LaPorta Anthony , Cooper Spencer , Maher Nicholas , Clodfelder Christian , Edwards Jeffrey , Towne Francina , Gubler K. Dean 
Published: April 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate possible immune cytokine trends throughout a week-long surgical simulation mass-casualty training session in order to determine the effects of stress inoculation on the immune system.
Methods: Thirty-seven military medical students participated in a hyper-realistic surgical simulation training event conducted at Strategic Operations site in San Diego, California. Salivary samples were collected every morning of the stress training exercise for 4 consecutive days. Cortisol, along with a panel of 42 immune cytokines, was measured using multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays from Eve Technologies. The determined concentrations were averaged and plotted on a scatter plot, and then points were fit to a second-order polynomial trendline of best fit to measure.
Results: The cytokines epidermal growth factor, growth-related oncogene-α, interleukin (IL)-1α, and platelet-derived growth factor-AA followed a noted pattern of cortisol decrease throughout the week. In addition, cytokines IL-27, granulocyte colony stimulating factor, IL-10, and IL-13 demonstrated a late peak, followed by a return to baseline at the conclusion of training. Finally, the cytokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 displayed a decline throughout the week followed by an increase on the last day of stress training.
Conclusions: Altogether, these results help to identify important biomarkers that may help to improve long-term stress adaptation and prevent post-traumatic stress disorder following exposure to repeated stress.
Advanced Surgical Skills for Exposure in Trauma (ASSET) course improves military surgeon confidence
Authors: Saberi Rebecca A. , Parker Graham B. , Mohsin Noreen , Gilna Gareth P. , Cioci Alessia C. , Urrechaga Eva M. , Buzzelli Mark D. , Schulman Carl I. , Proctor Kenneth G. , Garcia George D. 
Published: April 2024

Objective: Active duty military surgeons often have limited trauma surgery experience prior to deployment. Consequently, military-civilian training programs have been developed at high-volume trauma centers to evaluate and maintain proficiencies. Advanced Surgical Skills for Exposure in Trauma (ASSET) was incorporated into the predeployment curriculum at the Army Trauma Training Detachment in 2011. This is the first study to assess whether military surgeons demonstrated improved knowledge and increased confidence after taking ASSET.
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Setting: Quaternary care hospital.
Patients and participants: Attending military surgeons who completed ASSET between July 2011 and October 2020.
Main outcome measure(s): Pre- and post-course self-reported comfort level with procedures was converted from a five-point Likert scale to a percentage and compared using paired t-tests.
Results: In 188 military surgeons, the median
time in practice was 3 (1-8) years, with specialties in general surgery (52 percent), orthopedic surgery (29 percent), trauma (7 percent), and other disciplines (12 percent). The completed self-evaluation response rate was 80 percent (n = 151). The self-reported comfort level for all body regions improved following course completion (p < 0.001): chest (27 percent), neck (23 percent), upper extremity (22 percent), lower extremity (21 percent), and abdomen/pelvis (19 percent). The overall score on the competency test improved after completion of ASSET, with averages increasing from 62 ± 18 percent pretest to 71 ± 13 percent post-test (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: After taking the ASSET course, military surgeons demonstrated improved knowledge and increased confidence in the operative skills taught in the course. The ASSET course may provide sustainment of knowledge and confidence if used at regular intervals to maintain trauma skills and deployment readiness.
Perceptions regarding second wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among Indian adults: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Sharma Priyanka , Khokhar Anita , Mittal Shubham 
Published: April 2024

Background and aims: A massive surge in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and deaths occurred in India during March–April 2021, and this was considered as second wave of the pandemic in the country. This study was conducted to find out the perceptions about second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among Indian adults.
Methods: An online-survey-based cross-sectional study was conducted over 3 weeks from April 21, 2021
to May 11, 2021. Information regarding sociodemographic profile, perceptions about COVID-19 during second wave, perceptions and practices related to COVID-19 vaccination, COVID-19 appropriate behavior, and government’s response to the pandemic was collected. Descriptive analysis was performed.
Results: A total of 408 study participants were included. Mean age of the study participants was 29.2 ± 10.4 years. Around 92.6 percent (378) of respondents agreed that COVID-19 in 2021 is different from 2020. Perceived reasons for increased severity and cases were change in virus characteristics; social, religious, and political gatherings; and complacent behavior by people. Three-fourth (311, 76.2 percent) of the study participants agreed that vaccines have a positive role against COVID-19. Majority of the study participants (329, 80.6 percent) concurred that lockdown restrictions help in control of the pandemic. About 60.3 percent (246) of respondents had less trust on government post this pandemic compared to pre-COVID-19 times.
Conclusion: The public perception about reasons for second wave in India acknowledges both human and virus factors and highlights the importance of shared responsibility between citizens and government for controlling the pandemic.
Designing user-centered decision support systems for climate disasters: What information do communities and rescue responders need during floods?
Authors: Hillin Julia , Alizadeh Bahareh , Li Diya , Thompson Courtney M. , Meyer Michelle A. , Zhang Zhe , Behzadan Amir H. 
Published: April 2024

Flooding events are the most common natural hazard globally, resulting in vast destruction and loss of life. An effective flood emergency response is necessary to lessen the negative impacts of flood disasters. However, disaster management and response efforts face a complex scenario. Simultaneously, regular citizens attempt to navigate the various sources of information being distributed and determine their best course of action. One thing is evident across all disaster scenarios: having accurate information and clear communication between citizens and rescue personnel is critical.
This research aims to identify the diverse needs of two groups, rescue operators and citizens, during flood disaster events by investigating the sources and types of information they rely on and information that would improve their responses in the future. This information can improve the design and implementation of existing and future spatial decision support systems (SDSSs) during flooding events. This research identifies information characteristics crucial for rescue operators and everyday citizens’ response and possible evacuation to flooding events by qualitatively coding survey responses from rescue responders and the public. The results show that including local input in SDSS development is crucial for improving higher-resolution flood risk quantification models. Doing so democratizes data collection and analysis, creates transparency and trust between people and governments, and leads to transformative solutions for the broader scientific community.