bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concentration of bone marrow mononuclear cells using a programmable blood cell separator
Authors: Orlina Armando R. , Conant James C. , Dechristopher Phillip J. , Lin Abraham T. T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBone marrow was collected from adult patients with various solid tumors who consented to participate in a study of myelo‐ablative chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow rescue. Twenty marrow suspensions were processed by using standard Procedure 3 (PRO‐3) for lymphocytapheresis without modification. A modified Procedure 1 (M‐PRO‐1) for plateletpheresis was employed for processing 34 marrow suspensions. For PRO‐3, mononuclear cell (MNC) recovery was 68 ± 22% of the starting marrow suspension (baseline), in a concentrate volume of 234 ± 53 ml. MNC represented 59 ± 27% of the total WBC count of the concentrate. The residual volume of RBC was 49 ± 47 ml. For M‐PRO‐1, MNC recovery was 63 ± 22% of the baseline in a concentrate volume of 200 ± 8 ml. MNC comprised 94 ± 7% of the total WBC count of the concentrate. RBC contamination was 7 ± 3 ml. Hematopoietic recovery, defined as the post‐transplant days when a sustained granulocyte count of 500/μL and a platelet count of 50,000/μL were achieved, was similar in the two groups and comparable to other reports utilizing otter methods and equipment for bone marrow concentration. Personnel time was significantly reduced compared to other procedures for bone marrow concentration due to increased automation.Although there was no significant difference in MNC recovery between the two groups (P > 0.5), M‐PRO‐1 was clearly superior to PRO‐3 because of the consistently high degree of purity of the MNC in the concentrate and minimal RBC contamination. M‐PRO‐1 is ideal in the setting of major ABO incompatible allogeneic marrow transplantation, marrow purging of malignant cells with 4‐HC, and in clinical situations where interim cryopreservation and storage of bone marrow are required.
Extracorporeal methods in lipid reduction pursuant to improvement in risk factors associated with atherosclerosis
Authors: Lobdell Donn D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAtherosclerosis is the leading cause of death in the United States. Elevated plasma levels of low‐density lipoprotein and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and subnormal levels of high density lipoprotein are risk factors in atherosclerotic coronary heart disease. Extracorporeal methods of affecting these risk factors are reviewed. The limited information on the effects of apheresis procedures on Lp(a) is discussed and extended from a kinetic modeling approach. An estimate, made of the number of patients who could be expected to benefit from extracorporeal lipid lowering, is presented.
Severe post‐partum eclampsia: Response to plasma exchange
Authors: Stricker Raphael B. , Main Elliott K. , Kronfield Jack , Kallas Gail S. , Gerson Lauren B. , Autry Amy M. , Kiprov Dobri D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn their severest forms, pre‐eclampsia and eclampsia may be life‐threatening complications of pregnancy. We describe a patient with severe post‐partum eclampsia characterized by seizures, deep coma, hypertension, renal insufficiency, coagulopathy, and microangiopathic hemolysis. The patient responded to treatment that included intensive plasma exchange, and she achieved full recovery. Our case supports the use of plasma exchange in patients with severe pre‐eclampsia and eclampsia. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Life‐threatening reaction to staphylococcal protein A immunomodulation
Authors: Smith Roy E. , Gottschall Jerome L. , Pisciotta Anthony V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe here a case of a severe, life‐threatening, serum sickness‐like reaction in a patient with refractory immune thrombocytopenia treated with protein A immunomodulation. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Method for the safe and rapid pretransfusion warming of stored blood: An in vitro and in vivo evaluation of a radiofrequency (RF) instrument
Authors: Harrison G. G. , Bird A. R. , Jacobs P. , Coghlan P. , Byrne M. J. , Ozinsky J. , Besseling J. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInadvertent hypothermia due to massive infusion of stored blood can be prevented by pretransfusion warming. One approach is the heating of individual packs by means of electromagnetic conduction, which is a method safely used over the last 25 years. The prototype instrument, which has now been re‐engineered, can effectively raise the temperature of a unit of blood to approximately 33°C in less than 3 minutes. Using this new model, we found, in vitro, a modest increase in free plasma haemoglobin, but this was not accompanied by any change in potassium or lactic dehydrogenase levels and the mean red cell fragility was unaltered. In vivo, the survival of autologous red cells that had been stored for 33 days and then infused as a concentrate, having a mean haematocrit of 0.60, was measured at 24 hours and 21 days. Each donor acted as his own control. In paired studies, pretransfusion radiofrequency heating was shown to have no deleterious effect when compared to measurements using the unwarmed blood pack. It is concluded that this method can be recommended as safe. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Three years with a national apheresis registry
Authors: Schmitt Eberhard , Kundt Günter , Klinkmann Horst 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe large number of unsolved problems in plasma exchange therapy makes an apheresis registry appear useful. The results of such an open prospective observational study from 1987 to 1989 in East Germany are presented in this paper. With 1,945 procedures in a total of 419 patients (on average 4.1 treatments per patient) about 80% of all treatments in the country were registered. Exchange volume averaged 2.7 (± 0.78) 1 or 43 (± 13.9) ml/kg body weight. Substitutes were albumin (51% of the cases), FFP (22%), and both (22%), Nephrological (25%) and neurological (23%) diagnoses prevailed among the treated diseases. Haematologic diseases (12%) were underrepresented and hepatic coma (20%) was overrepresented. Minor side effects occurred in 22% of all treatments and severe complications in 38 treatments (2%). Four fatalities probably resulted from plasmapheresis therapy. The registry permits an assessment of the treatment results and of several trends during the period of observation. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Plasma exchange versus an affinity column for cholesterol reduction
Authors: Burgstaler Edwin A. , Pineda Alvaro A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe recent introduction of low‐density lipoprotein (LDL)/very low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL) selective‐removal systems offers an alternative to plasma exchange (PE). For the last 10 years, we have treated a inale homozygous hypercholesterolemia type IIA patient with PE using 5% normal serum albumin (NSA) replacement. PE using 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) replacement, single dextran sulfate cellulose bead affinity column (DSAC) (Kaneka LA‐40), and double DSAC. This report compares the performance of these systems in cholesterol reduction (total, LDL + VLDL), and high‐density lipoprotein [HDL] and their effect on the total protein, albumin, and hematocrit levels. The number of procedures and average volume of plasma treated using PE‐NSA, PE‐HES, I‐DSAC, and 2‐DSAC were 113, 64, 15, 90 and 3,939, 3,270, 3,519. and 3,588 ml, respectively. The average pretreatment total cholesterol levels were baseline 864 mg/dL, PE‐NSA 606 mg/dL, PE‐HES 610 mg/dL, I‐DSAC 467 mg/dL, and 2‐DSAC 395 mg/dL with plasma reductions of 59%, S7%, 47%, and SS%, respectively. Average LDL + VLDL plasma reductions were PE‐NSA 58%, PE‐HES 59% (N = I), I‐DSAC 4670, and 2‐DSAC 56%. Average HDL plasma reductions were PE‐NSA 58%, PE‐HES 69% (N = I ), I‐DSAC 58, and 2‐DSAC 17%. The average total cholesterol and LDL + VLDL reductions were comparable for both types of PE and the 2‐DSAC system. The average HDL loss was 53% lower for the DSAC systems than for PE systems. Of the four systems compared in this study, the 2‐DSAC system offers equivalent efficiency in LDL + VLDL reductions as PE while retaining more of the beneficial HDL than PE without the use of replacement solutions. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A fully automated method for mononuclear bone marrow cell concentration
Authors: Rodriguez J. M. , Carmona M. , Noguerol P. , Ruiz M. , Parody R. , Vidal F. , Perez‐Hurtado J. M. , Espigado I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe our experience in processing 40 bone marrow aspirates harvested for autotransplantation from patients with several hematological diseases using the CS‐3000 blood cell separator. The bone marrow of the first 30 patients was processed by a semiautomated method, and a fully automated procedure was used for the remaining 10 cases.Both procedures were developed in our laboratory and yielded a similar average mononuclear cell recovery of 87.78% and 86.98%, respectively, and similar nucleated cell recovery (27.39% and 27.11%). The cloning efficiency of hematopoietic progenitor cells, measured as the total CFU‐GM colony recovery in the in vitro cultures, did not differ between processed and recovered mononuclear cells. On the other hand, all the patients with transplants showed complete hematologic recovery, and the time to engraftment was similar to that described for other procedures. The automated procedure resulted in an average red cell removal of 97.81%, similar to the semiautomated procedure (94.19%), though with a narrower range (96.31–98.6% vs. 80.34–98.34%). The time taken to process a similar amount of bone marrow cell suspension was very different for each method: 1 hour for the fully automated vs. 2 1/2 hours for the semiautomated method to process 1.000 ml. Furthermore, the semiautomated procedure required the addition of homologous or irradiated plasma in a laminar air flow chamber, while the automated method is performed in a closed sterile system. We conclude that our procedure using the CS‐3000 processor is an efficient method for fully automated large‐scale processing of human bone marrow cells. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quality assurance and standards in hematopoietic progenitor processing
Authors: Bennett Sterling T. , Johnson Nancy L. , Lasky Larry C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBone marrow transplantation is an increasingly important therapeutic procedure. As more laboratories have become involved in the processing of hematopoietic progenitor cells from marrow or blood, it has been recognized that standards are required for hematopoietic progenitor processing, storage, and handling. Quality assurance is the process of monitoring whether laboratory procedures, equipment, and personnel fulfill their expected functions, and the aim of quality assurance is to ensure compliance with standards. Some standards for hematopoietic progenitor processing have recently been issued by professional organizations. Although these standards are not comprehensive, where applicable they should be met or exceeded. In the absence of published standards, principles of good laboratory practice should guide quality assurance programs. This article, presents concepts of quality assurance in hematopoietic progenitor processing, based on standard laboratory practice and published standards. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Basic principles of the ABO and Rh blood group systems for hemapheresis practitioners
Authors: Sigmon Janice M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSince 1901, more than 20 distinct blood group systems have been identified and characterized. Yet, the ABO System, the first described, remains the most clinically significant in blood transfusion and organ transplantation medicine. The ABO antigens are the only cellular antigens which consistently produce a potent, naturally occurring antithetical antibody which circulates in the plasma of healthy individuals. ABO antigens are expressed on most blood cells, organs, and tissues and in most body fluids. Expression of the antigens results from the interaction of several separate, but closely related genes: ABO. H. and Secretor (Se). Blood group specificity depends upon the inheritance of the ABO and H genes, and the subsequent expression of these antigens on the red blood cells. The “D” or Rh0 antigen is the most clinically significant blood group antigen next to the ABO antigens. The D antigen belongs to the Rh System, which consists of a trio of genes that are so closely linked that they are inherited as a package. The antigens are an integral part of the red blood cell membrane. They lend stability to the membrane structure when they are normal, but result in decreased red cell survival when absent. Rh antibodies are immune antibodies requiring a stimulus and can cause significant transfusion and childbearing complications if present. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of platelets collected by a new portable apheresis device
Authors: Szymanski Irma O. , Ciavarella David , Rososhansky Sarah , Napychank Paula A. , Snyder Edward M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe studied the efficiency of platelet collection by the Mobile Collection System (MCS) using two types of experimental protocols and evaluated the effect of storage at 22°C on the platelet concentrates (PC). MCS is a new blood cell separator that combines discontinuous flow features with a new computerized operating system and can be used to harvest either full units of apheresis PC (SDP protocol) or half units of PC together with one to two units of plasma (PLP protocol). On the average, 1.98 × 1011 ± 0.46 × 1011 (mean ± SD) platelets were obtained by the PLP protocol and 3.01 × 1011 ± 0.70 × 1011 and 4.2 × 1011 ± 1.12 × 1011 by the early and later versions of the SDP protocols, respectively. The mean number of WBC per PC ranged from 3.3 to 4.7 × 108. During the storage period pH stayed above 7.0. On the average, the production of one molecule of lactate corresponded to the consumption of 0.538 molecules of glucose, indicating that less than 8% of glucose was consumed by the oxidative pathway. There were only small increases in LDH and B thromboglobulin concentrations. Furthermore, the ability of platelets to recover from osmotic shock and to aggregate following exposure to dual agonists declined only slightly during storage, indicating that both viability and function of platelets collected by the MCS were preserved during storage. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of demographics and motivations of highly committed whole blood and platelet donors
Authors: Julius C. J. , Sytsma S. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo compare donor demographics and motivations for donation, we surveyed 159 consecutive whole blood donors (WD) and 146 consecutive plateletpheresis donors. All donors had donation experiences of at least 2 gallons (i.e., 16 previous donations). Evaluation of answers to fixed‐response and open‐ended questions revealed no difference between the two groups in age, type of wages, compensation by employer, “time off” for donation, and church or volunteer organization memberships. The two groups differed in that the platelet donor (PD) group had a higher percentage of males than females (PD group 72.6% males and 27.4% females versus WD group 59% males and 41% females [chi‐square = .01]).PDs most often began donating platelets because they were asked (22.6%), demonstrating the importance of active recruitment. When asked why they do not donate platelet products by apheresis, highly committed WDs reported lack of time (25%), lack of knowledge (“Don't know about it,” 21%), lack of recruitment (“No one asked,” 18.5%), or lack of awareness (“Never thought about it,” 5%) as reasons.Factors centering on time constraints, lack of knowledge or awareness about platelet donation by apheresis, and lack of active recruitment prohibit highly committed WDs from entering into plateletpheresis programs. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Extracorporeal circuit heparinization in selective low density lipoprotein apheresis: Changes in patient hemostasis and low molecular weight heparin benefit
Authors: Lorenzini Jean‐Louis , Dutrillaux Fabienne , Mousson Christiane , Lassale Bernard , Maynadié Marc , Rifle Gérard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTreatment by low density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis using dextran sulfate columns (DSC) leads to hemostasis alterations with prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) of more than 120 seconds. In order to explain this hypocoagulability, we studied hemostasis parameters both in patients and in the extracorporeal circulation (ECC). Hemostasis changes are first related to unfractionated heparin (UFH)—needed to avoid circuit coagulation—which leads to high residual heparinemia in the patient (more than 3 times the recommended level for therapeutic use). Second, the hypocoagulability is induced by a coagulation factor decrease (primarily factors V, VIH, and X) mainly due to an adsorption mechanism on dextran sulfate. Studies on samples from column inflow, outflow, and eluate confirm this mechanism. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) can be used in LDL apheresis on DSC without major changes in lipid removal or coagulation factors compared to UFH. The benefit of using LMWH is to reduce residual heparinemia into the therapeutic range. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hypercoagulable state induced by thrombocytapheresis
Authors: Kobayashi Isao , Hamaoka Satomi , Ozawa Hideyuki , Ihno Masaki , Tamura Kohji , Tanaka Yoshiyuki , Sakamoto Yumi , Nakamura Atsumichi , Ueno Akira 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe influence of the continuous‐flow automated blood cell separator, Fenwal CS‐3000, on blood coagulation and the fibrinolytic system in blood donors was studied. Blood samples were taken from the collection line of donors undergoing extracorporeal circulation, before and after platelet pheresis. Of the molecular markers, prothrombin fragment‐Fl + 2 (PFI + 2) markedly increased from 0.8 ± 0.3 to 2.9 ± 2.0 nM/ml (P < .004), thrombin antithrombin III complex (TAT) also markedly increased from 2.6 ± 1.3 to 56.0 ± 24.0 μg/L (P < .001), fibrinopeptide A (FPA) increased slightly from 0.8 ± 0.9 to 3.8 ± 4.2 μg/L (P < .05), and α2‐plasmin inhibitor (α2‐PI) decreased slightly from 95 ± 8 to 91 ± 9% (P < .05). In one donor with the highest level of PFI + 2, TAT, FPA, and plasmin inhibitor complex after platelet pheresis, protein C, protein S, C4b‐binding protein, ATIII, plasminogen, α2‐PI, and coagulation factors were decreased. In blood donors undergoing platelet pheresis using the continuous‐flow automated blood cell separator, Fenwal CS‐3000, a hypercoagulable state was observed. Changing the materials of the plastic disposables to a more thromboresistant material may prevent the hypercoagulable state in donors induced by platelet pheresis using the blood cell separator. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
New trends in HIV/AIDS epidemiology
Authors: Lafferty William E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWorld geographic patterns of HIV infection are discussed. Various parameters such as age, route of transmission, exposure, culture, and geographical influences are addressed. Future trends for HIV infection and development of AIDS and associated disorders such as non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma are suggested and strategies are suggested to reduce the impact of this epidemic. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Complications of therapeutic plasma exchange: A recent assessment
Authors: Couriel Daniel , Weinstein Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe use of therapeutic plasma exchange, particularly for management of patients with neurological disorders, has steadily increased in our hospital since 1991, thus highlighting the need for continuing quality assurance of these services. We have reviewed the hemapheresis records of all 381 therapeutic plasma exchange procedures performed on a total of 63 patients from January 1991 through December 1992. Patients were referred for therapeutic plasma exchange for the following indications: acute Guillain‐Barre syndrome, 31 patients (49.2%); chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, 15 patients (23.8%); myasthenia gravis, five patients (7.94%); paraproteinemic neuropathy, five patients (7.94%); thrombotic microangiopathies, six patients (9.52%) and Goodpasture syndrome, one patient (1.6%). Overall, 89% of patients were treated for neurological disorders. Complications of plasma exchange were noted during 17% (n = 65) of procedures involving 49% (n = 31) of patients treated. Approximately 91% of complications were classified as mild (55.4%) or moderately severe (35.4%) and did not prevent successful completion of the procedure. These were largely related to use of citrate‐containing anticoagulants and additionally may have reflected the autonomic instability of many of the neuropathy patients. All four (6.15%) severe complications and one of two fatalities were related to the use of central venous access catheters. We conclude that therapeutic plasma exchange can be performed safely with acceptable toxicity caused by mild and moderately severe complications. Major complications may be minimized by careful management of central venous catheters when required for access. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects on feto‐placental markers with plasma exchange in pregnancy
Authors: Gerhardt Robert E. , Koethe John D. , Ntoso K. Adu , Lodge Susan , Schlaff Sheldon , Wolf Charles J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo evaluate changes in feto‐placental markers with plasma exchange in pregnancy, two patients at varying stages of pregnancy referred to a tertiary care hospital and requiring plasma exchange for intercurrent problems were evaluated. Alpha‐fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, and free estriol were sequentially measured in the patients' plasma and in the fluid removed, thus permitting calculations of permeability rates and clearances. Despite markedly different molecular weights, all three feto‐placental markers had similar permeabilities and clearances. While in both patients maternal levels of alpha‐fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin decreased rapidly with plasma separation and rebounded rapidly to baseline, free estriol responded differently and did not appear to decrease with therapy. Maternal levels of feto‐placental markers only transiently changed with plasma exchange during pregnancy and rapidly returned to baseline with no apparent consequences to the pregnancy. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Collection efficiency on the fenwal CS3000 when using filgrastim (recombinant methionyl human granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor) as a peripheral blood stem cell mobilization agent
Authors: To L. Bik , Stemmelin German R. , Haylock David N. , Bayly Joanne L. , Thorp Dawn , Rawling Caroline M. , Trimboli Sandra , Juttner Christopher A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe collection efficiency (CE) of the Fenwal CS3000 in collecting peripheral blood stem cells during post‐chemotherapy recovery phase ranges from 58% to 73%. Recently filgrastim (recombinant methionyl human granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor [G‐CSF]) has also been shown to be effective as a mobilization agent although mobilization occurs during elevated and not low normal leukocyte counts. We compared the mononuclear cell (MNC) CE and the myeloid progenitor cell (CFU‐GM) CE among 11 patients with G‐CSF mobilization (33 procedures) and 19 patients during recovery following myelosuppression chemotherapy (93 procedures). Pre‐apheresis leukocyte, neutrophil, MNC, and PB CFU‐GM counts were significantly higher in the G‐CSF group, while the granulocyte percentage in the apheresis products was similar in both groups. Both MNC CE (81.8 ± 4.5% vs. 64 ± 2.4%) and CFU‐GM CE (79.5 ± 10.5% vs. 55.8 ± 3.5%) were higher in the G‐CSF group. Only the pre‐apheresis MNC count showed an independently significant correlation for both CE (P <.001). The higher CE in the G‐CSF group can only be partly explained by a rise in MNC count during apheresis. These data suggest that the blood cell separator works better with leukocytosis, and especially with a higher MNC count. The improvement in CE is another benefit of G‐CSF mobilization over chemotherapy mobilization. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.