bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How green social network affordances enhance pro‐environmental behaviour?
Authors: Nivedhitha K. S. , Pasricha Palvi , Angelin Vilma G. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThough social media is considered to enhance environmentally conscious behaviour, there has not been sufficient investigation on the effects of specific affordances pertaining to green social networks (GSN). Also, the mechanism by which these affordances affect pro‐environmental behaviour (PEB) has not been explored in depth. Addressing these research gaps, this study first introduces three context‐specific GSN affordances, such as green self‐identification, green broadcasting, and green social endorsement. Further, drawing inspiration from social influence theory and the Stimulus‐Organism‐Response framework, the study put forth a novel framework that explains the varying effects of the conceptualized GSN affordances on PEB through the mediating mechanism of collective intention. The framework also indicates perceived informational and emotional values as moderators that accentuate the indirect influence of GSN affordances on PEB. Adopting a time‐lagged multi‐wave online survey design, 314 valid responses were obtained. The results of the moderated mediation analysis reveal that: (1) collective intention partially mediates the relationships between green broadcasting and PEB, and between green social endorsement and PEB; (2) collective intention fully mediates the relationship between green self‐identification and PEB. Further, the indirect effect of green self‐identification on PEB is positively moderated by emotional values and not moderated by informational values. Interestingly, the indirect effects of green broadcasting and green social endorsement on PEB are positively moderated by both informational and emotional values. These findings offer significant implications for researchers and practitioners who look out for online communities to promote actual PEB.
Influencers and donations: The impact of source and product benefits
Authors: Cho Yoon‐Na , Kim Yuna , Ye Christine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNonprofit organizations (NPOs) are increasingly using social media as a communication platform to promote their charitable marketing efforts. The purpose of our research is to investigate how NPOs can enhance message effectiveness by utilizing a social media influencer and different product benefit appeals (utilitarian vs. hedonic) in their social media posts to enhance attitudes toward the donation campaign and word‐of‐mouth (WOM) intention, leading to higher donation behavior. Across two experimental studies, we show that an NPO's donation post (i.e., social media post promoting a donation campaign) is evaluated more favorably when paired with a hedonic benefit appeal, while an influencer's donation post is more favorable when paired with a utilitarian benefit appeal. Further, we find that the effects of source and product benefit appeal types on donation behavior are serially mediated by attitude toward the donation campaign and WOM intention. As the use of influencers is becoming increasingly popular to support fundraising and charitable causes, our findings provide timely implications for researchers and practitioners who are interested in optimizing NPO communication strategies in the digital landscape.
Metabolic regulation of type I interferon production
Authors: O'Carroll Shane M. , Henkel Fiona D. R. , O'Neill Luke A. J. 
Published: March 2024

SummaryOver the past decade, there has been a surge in discoveries of how metabolic pathways regulate immune cell function in health and disease, establishing the field of immunometabolism. Specifically, pathways such as glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and those involving lipid metabolism have been implicated in regulating immune cell function. Viral infections cause immunometabolic changes which lead to antiviral immunity, but little is known about how metabolic changes regulate interferon responses. Interferons are critical cytokines in host defense, rapidly induced upon pathogen recognition, but are also involved in autoimmune diseases. This review summarizes how metabolic change impacts interferon production. We describe how glycolysis, lipid metabolism (specifically involving eicosanoids and cholesterol), and the TCA cycle‐linked intermediates itaconate and fumarate impact type I interferons. Targeting these metabolic changes presents new therapeutic possibilities to modulate type I interferons during host defense or autoimmune disorders.
Evaluation of an early childhood caries preventive programme starting during pregnancy—Results after 3 and 6 years
Authors: Blomma Caroline , Aronsson Kerstin , Bågesund Mats , Risberg Madeleine Borgstedt , Gerdin Elisabeth Wärnberg , Davidson Thomas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundEarly childhood caries (ECC) has been found to be up to five times more common among children living in areas of low socio‐economic status (SES) than among children in areas of higher SES.AimTo evaluate an ECC prevention programme from pregnancy to 3 and 6 years of age.DesignA prospective, controlled, intervention cohort study was initiated in 2013 in a low‐SES area in Sweden. The intervention group received an individual interdisciplinary ECC prevention programme starting pre‐birth, consisting of supportive oral health‐promoting talks using motivational interviewing techniques and individual ECC preventive actions. A control group, consisting of pregnant women living in a comparable area, received ordinary routines.ResultsOf the 336 pregnant women, 64 mothers (with 64 children) completed the programme, and 394 children were born in the control group. At the sixth year examination, the proportion of children with no caries was similar between the groups (53% resp. 52%, p = .976), whereas the proportion with decayed, missed, filled primary teeth (dmft = 1–5) was slightly lower (23% resp. 36%, p = .063), and the proportion with severe caries disease (dmft > 5) was higher (p = .013) in the intervention group (25%) than in the control group (12%).ConclusionNo preventive effect regarding caries can be demonstrated at sixth year of age. Maternal behavioural change in dental care was not sufficient to even out inequalities in oral health in children, eventually due to difficulties in reaching the target group and the lack of effects among the families reached.
The impact of blinding on estimated treatment effects in randomized clinical trials on acupuncture: A meta‐epidemiological study
Authors: Long Youlin , Zhang Na , Wang Xinyao , Tang Ruixian , Guo Qiong , Huang Jin , Du Liang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the sole impact of blinding patients and outcome assessors in acupuncture randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on treatment effects while considering the type of outcome measures.MethodsWe searched databases for the meta‐analyses on acupuncture with both blinded and non‐blinded RCTs. Mixed‐effects meta‐regression models estimated the average ratio of odds ratios (ROR) and differences in standardized mean differences (dSMD) for non‐blinded RCTs versus blinded mixed‐effects meta‐regression model.ResultsThe study included 96 meta‐analyses (1012 trials). The average ROR for lack of patient blinding was 1.08 (95% confidence intervals 0.79–1.49) in 18 meta‐analyses with binary patient‐reported outcomes. The average ROR for lack of outcome assessor blinding was 0.98 (0.77–1.24) in 43 meta‐analyses with binary subjective outcomes. The average dSMD was −0.38 (−0.96 to 0.20) in 10 meta‐analyses with continuous patient‐reported outcomes. The average dSMD was −0.13 (−0.45 to 0.18) in 25 meta‐analyses with continuous subjective outcomes. The results of the subgroup analysis were consistent with the primary analysis findings.ConclusionsBlinding of participants and outcome assessors does not significantly influence acupuncture treatment efficacy. It underscores the practical difficulties of blinding in acupuncture RCTs and the necessity to distinguish between trials with and without successful blinding to understand treatment expectations’ effects. Enhancing blinding procedures’ quality and assessment in future research is crucial for improving RCTs’ internal validity and reliability.
Effects of screw pressing conditions on fodder radish seed oil yield, throughput, and fatty acid profile
Authors: Zlatković Vesna S. , Grahovac Nada L. , Banković Ilić Ivana B. , Mitrović Petar M. , Troter Dragan Z. , Todorović Zoran B. , Marjanović Jeromela Ana M. , Veljković Vlada B. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study aims to explore the influence of screw frequency, nozzle diameter, and press head temperature on critical crude fodder radish seed oil (FRSO) yield, throughput, and fatty acid composition. A quadratic equation, developed using response surface methodology, fitted the experimental data for oil yield. It was substantiated by a non‐significant lack‐of‐fit, commendable coefficient‐of‐determination (R2 = 0.782), and a modest mean relative percentage deviation (±7.27%). The analysis of variance pinpointed the statistical significance of press head temperature, nozzle size, and the squared term of press head temperature. The highest FRSO yield (17.61%)—corresponding to an extraction efficiency of 51.3% was found with a screw frequency of 50 Hz, at 80°C, and an 8 mm nozzle. A linear model highlighted that all three pressing factors significantly influenced the FRSO throughput. FRSO consists of C18:1 (30.9%), C22:1 (20.8%), C18:2 (14.9%), and C18:3 (11.9%), aligning with the compositions reported in other studies on fodder radish oils.Practical applicationsEffective control of cold pressing parameters is paramount to maximize oil yield and throughput during the oil extraction process and to ensure the appropriate oil quality. A comprehensive understanding of the intricacies of this process, while carefully considering key parameters, which is essential to ensure efficiency, is achieved through a combination of experimental and statistical methods. This study marks the inaugural attempt to optimize screw pressing for fodder radish seeds while conducting a comparative analysis with hydraulic pressing and the Soxhlet extraction method, focusing on oil yield, throughput, and fatty acid composition within the system by employing a modeling approach for oil extraction. Through the utilization of the response surface methodology coupled with various experimental designs, the processing conditions are successfully optimized. The valuable data gathered can aid equipment design for an efficient, eco‐friendly oil extraction process. Furthermore, the oil extracted under the optimized conditions met the quality standards.
The screening, diagnosis, and management of patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: A national consensus statement from Taiwan
Authors: Yen Pao‐Wen , Chen Yung‐An , Wang Wei , Mao Fang‐Sheng , Chao Chia‐Ter , Chiang Chih‐Kang , Lin Shih‐Hua , Tarng Der‐Cherng , Chiu Yi‐Wen , Wu Ming‐Ju , Chen Yung‐Chang , Kao Juliana Tze‐Wah , Wu Mai‐Szu , Lin Chun‐Liang , Huang Jenq‐Wen , Hung Kuan‐Yu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAutosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited cause of end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD) worldwide. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of ADPKD in Taiwan remains unavailable. In this consensus statement, we summarize updated information on clinical features of international and domestic patients with ADPKD, followed by suggestions for optimal diagnosis and care in Taiwan. Specifically, counselling for at‐risk minors and reproductive issues can be important, including ethical dilemmas surrounding prenatal diagnosis and pre‐implantation genetic diagnosis. Studies reveal that ADPKD typically remains asymptomatic until the fourth decade of life, with symptoms resulting from cystic expansion with visceral compression, or rupture. The diagnosis can be made based on a detailed family history, followed by imaging studies (ultrasound, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging). Genetic testing is reserved for atypical cases mostly. Common tools for prognosis prediction include total kidney volume, Mayo classification and PROPKD/genetic score. Screening and management of complications such as hypertension, proteinuria, urological infections, intracranial aneurysms, are also crucial for improving outcome. We suggest that the optimal management strategies of patients with ADPKD include general medical care, dietary recommendations and ADPKD‐specific treatments. Key points include rigorous blood pressure control, dietary sodium restriction and Tolvaptan use, whereas the evidence for somatostatin analogues and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors remains limited. In summary, we outline an individualized care plan emphasizing careful monitoring of disease progression and highlight the need for shared decision‐making among these patients.
Advancing pediatric perioperative care in India: A contemporary overview
Authors: Rai Ekta , Varghese Elsa , Yaddanapudi Sandhya , Iyer Rajeev S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn the last 30 years, significant advances have been made in pediatric medical care globally. However, there is a persistent urban‐rural gap which is more pronounced in low middle‐income countries than high‐income countries, similar urban‐rural gap exists in India. While on one hand, health care is on par or better than healthier nations thriving international medical tourism industry, some rural parts have reduced access to high‐quality care.AimWith this background, we aim to provide an overview of the present and future of healthcare in India.MethodologyWith the cumulative health experience of the authors or more than 100 years, we have provided our experience and expertise about healthcare in India in this narrative educational review. This is supplemented by the government plans and non government plans as appropriate. References are used to justify as applicable.ResultsWith the high percentage of pediatric population like other low to middle‐income countries, India faces challenges in pediatric surgery and anesthesia due to limited resources and paucity of specialized training, especially in rural areas. Data on the access and quality of care is scarce, and the vast rural population and uneven resource distribution add to the challenges along with the shortage of pediatric surgeons in these areas of specialized care . Addressing these challenges requires a multi faceted strategy that targets both immediate and long‐term healthcare needs, focusing on improving the facilities and training healthcare professionals. Solutions could include compulsory rural service, district residency programs, increasing postgraduate or residency positions, and safety courses offered by national and international organizations like Safer Anesthesia from Education Pediatrics, Vital Anesthesia Simulation Training, and World Federation of Society of Anesthesiologists pediatric fellowships.ConclusionIndia has achieved great strides in perioperative health care and safety. It has become the major international medical industry due to high‐quality care, access and costs. Crucially, India needs to establish local hubs for pediatric perioperative care training to enhance healthcare delivery for children.
Pediatric anesthesia in North America
Authors: Srinivasan Ilavajady , Whyte Simon , Bailey Katherine , Antrobus Tiffany , Hinkson‐LaCorbinière Karisha , Martin Timothy W. , Cravero Joseph P. , Mason Linda J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis educational review outlines the current landscape of pediatric anesthesia training, care delivery, and challenges across Canada, Barbados, and the United States.Descriptions and ConclusionsApproximately 5% of Canadian children undergo general anesthesia annually, administered by fellowship‐trained pediatric anesthesiologists in children's hospitals, general anesthesiologists in community hospitals, or family practice anesthesiologists in underserved regions. In Canada, the focus is on national‐level evaluation and accreditation of pediatric anesthesia fellowship training, addressing challenges arising from workforce shortages, particularly in remote areas. Barbados, a Caribbean nation, lacks dedicated pediatric hospitals but has provided pediatric anesthesia since 1972 through anesthetists with additional training. Challenges in its development, common to low‐middle‐income countries, include inadequate infrastructure and workforce shortages. Increased awareness of pediatric anesthesia as a sub‐specialty could enhance perioperative care for Barbadian children. Pediatric anesthesia encompasses various specialties in the United States, with pediatric anesthesiologists playing a foundational role. Challenges faced include recruitment and retention difficulties, supply‐chain shortages, and the proliferation of anesthesia sites, all impacting the delivery of modern, high‐quality, and cost‐effective patient care. Collaborative efforts at national and organizational levels strive to improve the quality and safety of pediatric anesthesia care in the United States.
Metabolomic profiling of pediatric post‐tonsillectomy pain: A proof‐of‐concept study
Authors: Mpody Christian , Patel Ambrish B. , Smoyer William E. , Tobias Joseph D. , Nafiu Olubukola O. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionTonsillectomies are among the most common surgical procedures in children, with over 500 000 cases annually in the United States. Despite universal administration of intraoperative opioid analgesia, three out of five children undergoing tonsillectomy report moderate‐to‐severe pain upon recovering from anesthesia. The underlying molecular mechanisms of post‐tonsillectomy pain are not well understood, limiting the development of targeted treatment strategies. Our study aimed to identify candidate serum metabolites associated with varying severity of post‐tonsillectomy pain.MethodsVenous blood samples and pain scores were obtained from 34 children undergoing tonsillectomy ± adenoidectomy, and metabolomic analysis was performed. Supervised orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis were employed to identify differentially expressed metabolites between children with severe and mild pain, as well as between moderate and mild pain.ResultsPain scores differentiated children as mild (n = 6), moderate (n = 14), or severe (n = 14). Four metabolites (fatty acid 18:0(OH), thyroxine, phosphatidylcholine 38:5, and branched fatty acids C27H54O3) were identified as candidate biomarkers that differentiated severe vs. mild post‐tonsillectomy pain, the combination of which yielded an AUC of 0.91. Similarly, four metabolites (sebacic acid, dicarboxylic acids C18H34O4, hydroxy fatty acids C18H34O3, and myristoleic acid) were identified as candidate biomarkers that differentiated moderate vs. mild post‐tonsillectomy pain, with AUC values ranging from 0.85 to 0.95.ConclusionThis study identified novel candidate biomarker panels that effectively differentiated varying severity of post‐tonsillectomy pain. Further research is needed to validate these data and to explore their clinical implications for personalized pain management in children undergoing painful surgeries.
Corrective Duties/Corrective Justice
Authors: Fornaroli Giulio 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper, I assess critically the recent debate on corrective duties across moral and legal philosophy. Two prominent positions have emerged: the Kantian rights‐based view (holding that what triggers corrections is a failure to respect others' right to freedom) and the so‐called continuity view (correcting means attempting to do what one was supposed to do before). Neither position, I try to show, offers a satisfactory explanation of the ground (why correct?) and content (how to correct?) of corrective duties. In the final section, I suggest that it is probably better to restrict the label “corrective duties” to duties generated by interpersonal wronging.
Crowding at the ballot box: Germ aversion and voting methods in the 2020 U.S. general election
Authors: Wang Iris M. , Roman Mallory K. , Goldstein Gabrielle , Ackerman Joshua M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn 2020, the growing COVID‐19 pandemic threatened engagement with the U.S. presidential election. Did this threat affect how people perceived the voting process and the means by which they voted? Four months before the election, 564 participants in several states viewed slideshows framing the pandemic primarily as a health or economic threat, then rated their impressions of voting environments and their attitudes about various voting methods. Following the general election, these data were matched to records indicating if and how participants voted. Exposure to the health consequences of COVID‐19 led people to judge socially dense polling places more negatively but had few effects on other voter outcomes. Instead, chronic aversion to germs predicted more negative responses to dense polling places as well as support for, and use of, socially distanced voting methods, even when accounting for other relevant factors such as partisanship and local COVID‐19 rates.
The Guardian State: Strengthening the public service against democratic backsliding
Authors: Yesilkagit Kutsal , Bauer Michael , Peters B. Guy , Pierre Jon 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLiberal democracy has become vulnerable to illiberal political movements and the gradual erosion of democratic institutions. To safeguard liberal democracy, we propose the concept of the Guardian State, which embraces liberal principles while acting as a defensive barrier against illiberal tendencies. We need strong administrative institutions that uphold liberal democratic norms and resist pressures from populist politicians. Institutionalizing guardianship as the key norm within the civil service fortifies democratic institutions against backsliding. The principle of neutrality alone cannot ensure that only liberal citizens come to power. Structural measures at the individual and organizational levels are essential to fortify the foundations of the Guardian State and protect liberal democracy against evolving threats. Proactive efforts are necessary to defend and strengthen the public service to ensure the long‐term viability of democratic governance. The Guardian State places the bureaucracy in a key role in preserving the core principles of democracy.
Continued response of Oregon oak to release treatments 20 years after initiation in western Washington, United States
Authors: Slesak Robert A. , Brodie Leslie C. , Harrington Constance A. 
Published: March 2024

Fire suppression has increased competitive tree encroachment of Oregon white oak (Quercus garryanna Douglas ex Hook) ecosystems, threatening maintenance of this important species. Restoration of oak ecosystems is ideal to address this threat but not always possible, giving rise to a need for novel treatments that will allow oak to persist on an altered landscape. We tested the effect of three release treatments centered around individual Oregon oak trees within four forested sites that had developed following encroachment and overtopping by Douglas‐fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco var. menziesii). The release treatments entailed removal of competitive tree species (>10 cm dimaeter at breast heigh [DBH]) within zero (as control), half, or full distance of the associated Oregon oak trees' height. There was no effect of release treatment on height, but diameter was significantly increased in the full release treatment relative to both the control and half release treatments. The effect on diameter increased up to year 10 and then decreased to year 20. Growth response to canopy damage from an ice storm in year 12 of the study varied significantly with treatment; growth was negatively related to the percent crown damage in both release treatments but not the control treatment. Full release treatments around individual Oregon oak trees can have long‐term positive effects on growth, providing managers with an option to maintain oak within altered ecosystems.