bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nomenclatural standards of barley cultivars bred by the Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture for Northern Trans-Ural Region – Branch of the Tyumen Scientific Research Center SB RAS
Authors: Lebedeva N. V. , Fomina M. N. , Ivanova Yu. S. , Sharapova N. V. , Varganova I. V. 
Published: April 2024

The article contains descriptions of the morphological, biological and economic characters of spring barley cultivars ‘Kudesnik’ and ‘Divnyj’ (Hordeum vulgare L. ssp. distichon (L.) Körn. var. nutans Körn.) bred by the Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture for Northern Trans-Ural Region – Branch of Federal Research Centre Tyumen Scientific Centre of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SRIA for NTUR – Branch of Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RAS, Tyumen region, Russia) as well as information about the history of spring barley breeding at the said Institute.As part of this work, the nomenclatural standards of cultivars ‘Kudesnik’ and ‘Divnyj’ were created. The plant material for nomenclatural standards was collected at the Pushkin laboratories of the Research and Production Base “Pushkin and Pavlovsk laboratories of VIRˮ. All plants for making a herbarium specimen of a cultivar were those grown from one seed sample.The nomenclatural standard of cultivar ‘Kudesnik’ is represented by one herbarium sheet and is duplicated by four herbarium sheets, while the nomenclatural standard of cultivar ‘Divnyj’ is mounted on one herbarium sheet and has three duplicate sheets. Every sheet contains the entire plant at the milky ripeness stage, mature spikes and grain samples.The nomenclatural standards were produced in accordance with the recommendations of the International Code of Nomenclature of Cultivated Plants (ICNCP) and registered in the VIR Herbarium database. The herbarium specimens were deposited at the Herbarium of Cultivated Plants of the World, their Wild Relatives and Weeds (WIR) at the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources.
المناعة النفسية لدى المتعافين من جائحة كورونا
Authors: فلاح عجيل يوسف التميمي  , أ.م.د. مالك فضيل عبد الله القريشي  
Published: April 2024

هدف البحث الحالي التعرف على مستوى المناعة النفسية لدى المتعافين من جائحة كورونا وتكون مجتمع البحث من (16666) فرد وتم اختيار عينة البحث البالغ عددها (400) فرد من المتعافين من جائحة كورونا في محافظة واسط (مركز مدينة الكوت) للعام (2020-2021)من عمر (18 - 50) سنة لكلا الجنسين بمختلف تحصيلهم الدراسي وبعد اطلاع الباحث على الأدبيات والدراسات السابقة لم يجد الباحث اداة مناسبة تخص عينة البحث وقام الباحث ببناء مقياس البحث ، وكان مقياس المناعة النفسية مكون من (30) فقرة ، وتم استخراج الخصائص السيكومترية للمقياس، حيث قام الباحث استخراج الصدق الظاهري للمقياس ، وكذلك تم التحقق من مؤشرات صدق البناء ، وتم استخراج الثبات بطريقتي (الاختبار واعادة الاختبار، والفاكرونباخ ) بالاعتماد على عينة قوامها (40) فرد ، وحُللِّ البيانات إحصائياً باستعمال الحقيبة الإحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية (SPSS) وأظهرت النتائج ما يأتي: تمتع المتعافين من جائحة كورونا بقدر جيد من المناعة النفسية وفي ضوء النتائج توصل الباحث إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات والتوصيات والمقترحات.
الكلمات المفتاحيّة: المناعة النفسية, المتعافون من جائحة كورونا.
مظاهر التحيز ضد المرأة في المجتمع من وجهة نظر طالبات كلية التربية للعلوم الإنسانية
Authors: م. د. ماجد قاسم خالد  
Published: April 2024

هدف البحث التعرف على مظاهر التحيز ضد المرأة في المجتمع، وشمل البحث عينة عشوائية مكونة من (100) طالبة من طالبات أقسام كلية التربية للعلوم الانسانية للسنة الدراسية 2021/2022 وقد اعد الباحث استبيانا مكونا من (51) فقرة يجاب عليها باختيار واحد من البدائل الخمسة (أوافق تماما، أوافق غالبا، أوافق أحيانا، لا أوافق، لا أوافق أطلاقا) وقد استخرج صدق اداة البحث بطريقة الصدق الظاهري، واستخرج الثبات بطريقة التطبيق واعادة التطبيق وبلغ معامل الثبات بهذه الطريق (0,966)
أما الوسائل الإحصائية المستخدمة في الدراسة فهي النسبة المئوية والوزن النسبي وقد أظهرت النتائج ما يأتي:
أكثر مظاهر التحيز شيوعا هي: الفقرات (44) عندما يخطئ الشاب فان المجتمع يغض النظر عن ذلك وعندما تخطئ الفتاة فلا مجال لمسامحتها و(26) ينتقد المجتمع بكثرة زي المرأة بينما لا ينتقد زي الشباب وان كان غير مناسب. و(47) التحرش بالفتيات منتشر في مجتمعنا. و(31) تعاني الطالبة اكثر من الطالب في الانتقال في دوامها من والى المنزل. و(29) اذا تعرضت البنت للتحرش فان اهلها يعاقبونها وان كانت مظلومة. و(17) مجتمعنا يحكم على الطالبات من خلال المظهر دون المعايير الموضوعية الأخرى. و(22) بعض الاسر لا تسمح للبنت التسجيل في كليات التربية البدنية والتربية الفنية. و(7) يفهم افراد المجتمع التعاليم الدينية فهما خاطئا بحيث يلقون اللوم فيما يحدث على المرأة. و(36) معاملة المجتمع للذكور متساهلة بينما معاملته للاناث متشددة. و(48) الادوار القيادية في مجتمعنا مقتصرة على الرجال.
القيادة المدمرة وعلاقتها بالاداء الوظيفي لدى مديري المدارس الثانوية من وجهة نظر الهيئة التعليمية
Authors: م. حيدر عبد الرزاق غفوري  
Published: April 2024

هدف البحث التعرف على درجة القيادة المدمرة وعلاقتها بالاداء الوظيفي لدى مديري المدارس الثانوية من وجهة نظر الهيئة التعليمية والفروق وفقا لمتغير الجنس (ذكور – إناث) ,والتعرف على الفروق في الأداء الوظيفي , و تكونت عينة الدراسة من (200) عضوا من أعضاء الهيئة التعليمية , وتم تطبيق مقياس البحث ( مقياس القيادة المدمرة) من اعداد (غنيم 2021), و(مقياس الاداء الوظيفي ) وهو من إعداد (غربي ويحياوي 2014) , وقد اسفرت نتائج الدراسة عن ,

أن لدى المديري يتمتعون بدرجة منخفضة من القيادة المدمرة .
أن لدى المديري يتمتعون بالأداء الوظيفي بشكل عال
وجود علاقة سلبية ذات دلالة احصائية بين القيادة المدمرة والاداء الوظيفي.

على وفق نتائج الدراسة اوصت الباحث ببعض التوصيات والمقترحات
The Production of Jordanian Arabic Passive Structures by Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: AL-Junaid Najwa Ahmad , Thneibat Amal , Altakhaineh Abdel Rahman , Alhendi Hiba 
Published: April 2024

Aims. This study explores the acquisition of passive structures in Jordanian Arabic by ten children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It aims to identify the preferred passive structure among these children and investigate the underlying reasons for their preference.
Methods. The research included a sample of 10 male children with ASD, with an average age of eleven, enrolled at the Tawasul Center for Autism in Amman, Jordan. The choice of Jordanian Arabic (JA) as the participants' native language facilitated effective communication, given that the researchers were also native speakers of JA. Participants were asked to narrate events depicted in five different pictures, and their responses, categorized into two passive structures (mafʕu:l and ʔnfaʕal), were recorded.
Results. Based on the results of the statistical analysis, it was revealed that mafu:l passive structures was used more often than ʔnfaʕal structures. We argue that mafʕu:l passive structure is used more frequently by children with ASD because acquiring nouns is easier than acquiring inflected words due to the noun bias principle and entity-oriented principle. Additional factors include structural simplicity, frequency of encounters, relevance across various settings, and the variances in cognitive and linguistic processing capacities.
New in the normative regulation of the training of scientific and scientific-pedagogical personnel in graduate school
Authors: Макаров Денис Владимирович 
Published: April 2024

Основная цель исследования — сопоставление основных критериев старых и новых нормативных документов, регулирующих подготовку научных и научно-педагогических кадров в аспирантуре. Актуальность работы определяется современной кризисной ситуацией троекратного понижения процента выпускников аспирантуры, выходящих на защиту кандидатской диссертации, произошедшее за последние десять лет. Из кузницы кандидатов наук аспирантура в последнее время превратилась в образовательную структуру и стала третьим уровнем высшего образования, а именно послевузовским профессиональным образованием. Очевидно, что основной проблемой, требующей разрешения, является разрыв между образованием и наукой, как между теорией и практикой. Следовательно, основной задачей реформы аспирантуры является её трансформация из образовательного института в научный. В качестве средств для решения проблемы в новых нормативных документах (в Федеральных государственных требованиях к аспирантуре и в Положении о подготовке научных и научно-педагогических кадров в аспирантуре), а также в новой редакции (от 30.12.2021) Федерального закона от 29.12.2012 №273-ФЗ «Об образовании в Российской Федерации») предложен ряд мер, которые рассматриваются в данной работе.
The main goal of the study is to compare the main criteria of old and new normative documents regulating the training of scientific and scientific-pedagogical personnel in graduate school. The relevance of the work is determined by the current crisis situation of a threefold decrease in the percentage of postgraduate graduates entering the defense of a Ph. D. dissertation that has occurred over the past ten years. From the forge of candidates of sciences, postgraduate studies have turned into an educational structure and have become the third level of higher education, namely postgraduate professional education. Obviously, the main problem that needs to be resolved is the gap between education and science. Consequently, the main task of the reform of postgraduate studies is its transformation from an educational institution into a scientific one. As a means to solve the problem in new regulatory documents (in the Federal State Requirements for Postgraduate Studies and in the Regulations on the Training of Scientific and Scientific-Pedagogical Personnel in Postgraduate Studies), as well as in the new edition (of December 30, 2021) of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 № 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation”) a number of measures are proposed, which are considered in this paper.
Canonical features of the Synodal and Soviet periods: the problems of episcopal powers
Authors: Самойленко Александр Юрьевич 
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена проблематике церковно-государственных отношений, каноническая власть епархиальных архиереев была ограничена посредством вмешательства государственного аппарата в епархиальное управление. Особенность церковно-государственных правоотношений заключается в ограничительном характере государственно-правового и церковно­правового регулирования: с одной стороны, государство не может вмешиваться в каноническую, богослужебную, внутрицеркоииую жизнь, с другой стороны, церковь, не участвует в государственной политической деятельности. Исследование данной тематики представляет собой анализ деятельности государственных органов в сугубо церковных делах, в делах епархиального управления. В данные периоды Русская Православная Церковь фактически оказалась в полном подчинении у светской власти, а управление Церковью превратилось в часть государственного аппарата по церковным делам. В статье представлены ряд канонических прав епископа, которые были ограниченны государственным вмешательством.
The article is devoted to the problems of church-state relations; the canonical authority of the diocesan bishops was limited through the intervention of the state apparatus in the diocesan administration. The peculiarity of church-state legal relations lies in the restrictive nature of state-legal and church-legal regulation: on the one hand, the state cannot interfere in canonical, liturgical, internal church life, on the other hand, the church does not participate in state political activity. The study of this topic is an analysis of the activities of state bodies in purely ecclesiastical affairs, in the affairs of diocesan administration. During these periods, the Russian Orthodox Church actually found itself in complete subordination to the secular authorities, and the management of the Church turned into part of the state apparatus for church affairs. The article presents a number of canonical rights of the bishop, which were limited by state intervention.
Sources of clergy detention in Russia in X-XII centuries
Authors: Бочарников Дмитрий Егорович 
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию источников содержания русского духовенства в 10–12 вв. На материалах княжеских грамот и церковных постановлений исследуется становление и развитие системы обеспечения духовенства в Древней Руси. Первоначально содержание клириков взяла на себя государственная власть в лице князей, устанавливавших специальными документами часть, которую получали храмы, монастыри и представители духовенства области. С течением времени появляются и другие источники в виде пошлинных взносов за судопроизводство или доброхотные пожертвования. Особое значение приобрело наделение храмов и обителей землёй. По Византийскому обычаю эта земля не облагалась налогом, что обеспечивало стабильный и значительный доход церковным учреждениям. В целом нужно признать, что начальный этап церковной истории ознаменовался становлением церковной иерархии на Руси, что в плане обеспечения духовенства выливалось в большую роль государства. Однако в течении столетия система начинает меняться, появляются новые источники дохода для клириков, и князья постепенно устраняются от содержания духовенства.
The article is devoted to the study of the sources of detention of the Russian clergy in the 10-12 centuries. The materials of princely letters and church decrees examine the formation and development of the system of providing clergy in Ancient Russia. Initially, the maintenance of clergy was assumed by the state power in the person of the princes, who established with special documents the part that the churches, monasteries and representatives of the clergy of the region received. Over time, other sources appear in the form of duty fees for legal proceedings or kind donations. Of particular importance was the endowment of temples and monasteries with land. According to Byzantine custom, this land was not taxed, which provided a stable and significant income to church institutions. In general, it must be admitted that the initial stage of church history was marked by the formation of the church hierarchy in Russia, which, in terms of providing the clergy, resulted in a large role for the state. However, over the course of a century, the system begins to change, new sources of income for clergy appear, and princes are gradually removed from the maintenance of clergy.
Development of Ukrainian statehood and authorities of Carpathian Ukraine
Authors: Ivanov S. Yu. 
Published: April 2024

The features and prerequisites for the declaration of Carpathian Ukraine’s independence are studied, and the process of establishing state authorities under the leadership of Augustine Voloshyn is traced. The focus is placed on the difficult foreign and internal political situation of the newly created Ukrainian state, and the reasons that prompted the government of Carpathian Ukraine to abandon the development of democratic values, on the basis of which the young state was to develop, are identified.
The development of the state and legal status of Zakarpattia from the period of demands for autonomy for the region to the stage of creation of an independent, self-governing state is shown in general terms. The influence of external factors on the process of state formation in Zakarpattia before the Second World War is studied, the role of Carpathian Ukraine in the development of the national statehood is analysed.
Particular attention is paid to highlighting the historical and legal significance of the development of Carpathian-Ukrainian statehood, in particular, its impact on the actualisation of all-Ukrainian issues in international relations.
The activities of Carpathian Ukraine's government and the process of forming its state authorities, which, in turn, went through a peculiar evolution that began when Czech Parliament adopted the Constitutional Law on 22 November 1938, which introduced a federal system for the state of Czechs, Slovaks and Ukrainians of Zakarpattia, and finished in March 1939, when Carpathian Ukraine became an independent state, are demonstrated. It is emphasised that the declaration of the Act of Independence of Carpathian Ukraine on 15 March 1939 strengthened the liberation ideas, inspiring the struggle for the independence of Ukrainians in all ethnic areas and creating the necessary international preconditions for the reunification of the region with other Ukrainian territories in the future.
Administrative legal relations with the participation of the State Bureau of Investigation
Authors: Komziuk А. Т. , Lypii Ye. А. 
Published: April 2024

The essence, characteristics, and types of administrative legal relations involving the State Bureau of Investigations have been identified. Additionally, suggestions and recommendations for improving the legal foundations of these relations have been formulated.
A comprehensive description of administrative legal relations that stand out from the broader array due to specific aspects of their emergence, participants (subjects), and content has been provided. This encompasses the nature and various types of subjective rights and obligations that manifest within these relations. It is emphasized that these relations occupy a distinct sphere of formation and evolution, specifically within the realm of public administration.
Concerning the interplay between subjects of public administration and subjects of administrative legal relations, it is underscored that public administration is exclusively outwardly focused, with internal organizational relations within certain bodies not falling under its purview. On the other hand, administrative legal relations encompass internal organizational dynamics (intra-system, intra-administrative) within any state entity. These relations are recognized as a distinct component within the subject matter of administrative law.
It is emphasized that the leading place among the subjects of administrative legal relations is occupied by public authorities, which, according to the law, include the State Bureau of Investigation. At the same time, these bodies have a rather different administrative and legal status, since their participation in public administration varies significantly.
Attention is drawn to the problem of the existence of state bodies which are not attributed to any of the branches of power, and their number is growing, currently there are about fifteen of them, including the State Bureau of Investigation. The article concludes that the bodies outside the branches of power defined by the Constitution of Ukraine are not structurally part of these branches, although this does not mean that they do not participate in the exercise of public authority.
The types of administrative legal relations which may arise in the State Bureau of Investigation have been identified and characterised. It is emphasised that these are mainly intra-organisational relations within these bodies, since their purpose is to counteract crimes committed by law enforcement officers, judges and senior civil servants, i.e. their external activities are generally not managerial and are not regulated by administrative and legal provisions.
Main threats to the state’s interests in the sphere of information security of Ukraine
Authors: Starostin O. Yu. 
Published: April 2024

The article emphasises that in the context of the significant impact of information on society, one of the main threats faced by modern states is information.
It is noted that the phenomenon of the State interests embodies the interconnection of public interests and the specifics of their implementation by public authorities established at the regulatory, legal, organisational and administrative levels, taking into account the economic, social, political, diplomatic, security and information foundations of the State's vital activity.
For the purpose of more comprehensive understanding of the main threats to the interests of the state in the field of information security of Ukraine, the following threats are identified: the use of information influence to distort political opinion and attitudes of the population to certain phenomena, processes, public authorities, political forces and individuals; imperfect regulatory and legal support for the information security of the state; deliberate distortion of information at the level of state leaders and diplomatic representatives and their negative impact on the opinion of the international community; insufficient participation of the Ukrainian population in countering information attacks; insufficient institutional and organisational support for information security education and the formation of an information security culture in society.
In order to eliminate the above threats, it is proposed to: develop a comprehensive legal act on the principles of information security of Ukraine, which would consolidate real and potential threats to information security, the foundations of the State policy in the field of information security, in particular under martial law, which would facilitate further development of this area, consistency of certain by-laws and regulations that partially regulate this area and lay down a strategic vision of its development; use the potential of modern information technologies in the process of disseminating information about real problems and needs at the grassroots level; convey to the international community the real, not artificially formed, moods and ideas of the population regarding certain problems related to patriotism and loyalty to the state; introduce information security education, which allows equipping the population with a set of necessary knowledge about the basics of critical thinking, information hygiene and media security; In order to eliminate the above threats, it is proposed to: develop a culture of information security by developing national strategies that would cover a set of educational, ideological, cultural activities, as well as different categories of the population, for example, developing a system of professional development for public servants, teaching certain disciplines for students of higher education institutions and holding classes, competitions, tournaments for students of general secondary education institutions.
Analisis Kualitas Air Berdasarkan Paremeter Fisika dan Kimia di Perairan Sungai Patrean Kabupaten Sumenep
Authors: Ainayah Alfatihah  , Latuconsina Husain , Hamdani Dwi Prasetyo  
Published: April 2024

Sungai Patrean merupakan salah satu sungai di Sumunep yang aliran sungainya mengaliri Kecamatan Manding, Batuputih, Dasuk, Kecamatan Gapura, dan Kecamatan Kota. Dalam pemanfaatannya, sungai Patrean sering kali digunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai aktivitas pertanian, mencuci atau mandi, drainase, dan pembuangan sampah baik organik maupun anorganik. Adanya berbagai aktivitas antropogenik tersebut dapat memberikan beban pencemaran terhadap lingkungan hidup salah satunya yaitu menurunnya kualitas air sungai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas air pada perairan sungai Patrean Kabupaten Sumenep. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling yaitu pengambilan sampel air dilakukan pada tiga titik yang berpotensi mengalami pencemaran. Analisa data dilakukan secara deskriptif dalam bentuk tabel dengan membandingkan dengan baku mutu kualitas air berdasarkan PP Nomor 22 tahun 2021 tentang Penyelenggaraan Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup. Kondisi kualitas air sungai Patrean Kabupaten Sumenep dilihat dari hasil pengukurannya nilai DO dan COD pada stasiun 1 yaitu 2,74 mg/l dan 51,2 mg/l, nilai COD pada stasiun 3 yaitu 48 mg/l tidak memenuhi baku mutu kaulitas air yang telah ditetapkan. Sementara untuk nilai parameter lainnya masih memenuhi baku mutu. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari hulu ke hilir kualitas air sungai Patrean mengalami peningkatan pada parameter kualitas airnya.