bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonography versus clinical examination in evaluation of testicular tumors
Authors: van Dijk Roelof , Doesburg Wim H. , Verbeek André L. M. , van der Schouw Yvonne T. , Debruyne Frans M. J. , Rosenbusch Gerd 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe diagnostic results of clinical examination and gray‐scale ultrasonography for scrotal pathology were compared in 411 patients. Sensitivity and specificity of the clinical diagnosis of a testis tumor improved significantly with the use of ultrasonography. Criteria for the ultrasonographic diagnosis of a testicular tumor were evaluated. We had no false‐negative ultrasonographic diagnoses, and they have rarely been reported in the literature. With ultrasonography, the number of false‐positive clinical diagnoses was reduced from 11 to 5. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Use of vaginosonographic measurements of endometrial thickness in the identification of abnormal endometrium in peri‐ and postmenopausal bleeding
Authors: Tongsong Theera , Pongnarisorn Chailert , Mahanuphap Pongsak 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred and seventy seven women with peri‐ and postmenopausal bleeding were subjected to vaginosonographic examination followed by thorough pathological examination of the uterine curetting samples. A mean endometrial thickness (double layer) of 13.2 ± 3.6 mm and 8.2 ± 4.8 mm were found in those with and without histological abnormalities, respectively. Endometrial thickness of less than 7 mm, however, was found to be predictive of normal endometrium (100% sensitivity, 46% specificity) and can, therefore, be used to separate those who require diagnostic curettage from those who do not. These findings suggest that this relatively simple, noninvasive procedure can be used as a screening test for patients with peri‐ or postmenopausal bleeding. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Acceleration time in normal fetal umbilical artery at term and its relationship to the cord blood hematocrit
Authors: Chang Fong‐Ming , Yao Bor‐Lin , Yu Chen‐Hsiang , Huang Soon‐Cen , Lin Yue‐Shan , Ko Huei‐Chen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the acceleration time (AT) of the fetal umbilical artery remains constant at term for normal pregnancies. In addition, we also examined whether the AT has any correlation with umbilical cord blood hematocrit (Hct). In total, 539 normal‐term fetuses with menstrual ages (MA) ranging from 37 weeks to 42 weeks were enrolled in a cross‐sectional design. The AT of the fetal umbilical artery was measured prior to delivery using a high‐resolution, real‐time Doppler scanner. All were delivered within 2 days of the ultrasound examination. At parturition, blood from the umbilical vein was collected and the red cell indices, including the Hct, were determined. The results indicated that the mean values of AT of the umbilical artery remained constant during normal‐term pregnancies from 37 weeks to 42 weeks, menstrual age (mean: 0.104 sec, SE: 0.001 sec, n = 539). Although the AT was thought to be affected by the Hct, the AT had no correlation with umbilical venous Hct (n = 539, r = 0.002, p > 0.05). This constant value of the AT may be used as a reference for fetal physiology and perinatal medicine. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Biophysical principles of vascular diagnosis
Authors: Hoeks Arnold P. G. , Reneman Robert S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractVisual inspection of the spectral composition of the Doppler signal as a function of time (sonogram) has been very helpful in detecting the presence of stenoses with substantial lumen narrowing causing abnormal flow patterns. Attempts to grade a stenosis based on the spectral width at peak systole were less successful because of the obscuring effects of the ultrasound beam width with respect to lumen diameter, dimensions of the sample volume, angle of observation, and spectral broadening due to vessel branching and bends. The introduction of color flow imaging has put emphasis on the width of the velocity distribution and the consistency of flow patterns within the region of interest. This technique requires a high resolution in space, velocity, and time necessitating the development of new velocity estimation algorithms. The observed flow patterns can be related to the echogenicity and local wall thickness of peripheral vessels. In addition, the displacement behavior of arterial walls over time provides information about the elasticity of the wall. Knowing the instantaneous velocity of arterial walls, it becomes possible to suppress selectively and adaptively the arterial wall contribution, allowing for the assessment of low blood flow velocities close to the wall and, hence, of wall shear rate. The latter development enables the study of the interaction of blood velocities and the metabolism and structure of the walls, providing possible clues for atherogenesis. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Role of transvaginal sonography in the detection of endometriomata
Authors: Volpi Eugenio , De Grandis Tiziana , Zuccaro Giancarlo , Vista Antonio La , Sismondi Piero 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEndometriosis is a common cause of pelvic pain and infertility in young women. Transvaginal sonography is major means for diagnosing ovarian masses. In our study, we scanned 60 patients with endometriomata who underwent laparotomy or laparoscopy. We compared preoperative ultrasonographic diagnosis with histological reports. The sonographic criteria for the diagnosis of endometriomata were (1) cystic structure with low, homogeneous echogenicity and (2) thick cystic wall with regular margins. In 50 patients, sonography suggested an endometrioma. In 47 cases, the diagnosis was correct. The false‐positive cases were all caused by cystic teratomas with a homogeneous sonographic pattern. Ten false‐negative cases were diagnosed by ultrasonography as functional ovarian cysts (5), teratomas (3), and benign ovarian cystoma (1). Only 1 case of a 5‐mm endometrioma was demonstrated by laparoscopy but not by TVS. The sensitivity of TVS for diagnosing endometriomata was 82.4% and specificity 97.7%; the positive and negative predictive values were 94% and 92.8%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of TVS was 93%. In our experience, TVS is a very specific means for diagnosing endometriomata when the typical pattern is detected; however, the sensitivity of the technique needs to be improved. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Staging of hilar cholangiocarcinoma with ultrasound
Authors: Neumaier Carlo Emanuele , Bertolotto Michele , Perrone Rosaria , Martinoli Carlo , Loria Francesco , Silvestri Enzo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe preoperative assessment of the extent of biliary and vascular involvement by hilar cholangiocarcinoma is clinically important because resectability may be limited by tumor extension along the bile ducts into the hepatic parenchyma or to the adjacent hilar vessels. Thirty‐five patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma were studied with ultrasound, and the results were compared with operative findings and other diagnostic modalities. The level of intrahepatic biliary obstruction was determined in 100% of patients with ductal ectasia, and a tumor mass was shown in 37.1%. Imaging and Doppler ultrasound proved accurate in detecting the neoplastic involvement of the portal vein. Both correctly diagnosed portal occlusion and wall infiltration in 4 of 4 and 15 of 18 (83%) patients, respectively, without any false‐positives. On the contrary, imaging ultrasound had poor sensitivity in detecting infiltration of the hepatic artery (43%) and metastases in regional lymph nodes (37%), liver (66%), and peritoneum (33%). In conclusion, ultrasound may be valuable in the preoperative staging of hilar cholangiocarcinoma, specially in predicting ductal and portal involvement. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Color Doppler sonography: Anatomic and physiologic assessment of the thyroid
Authors: Clark Karen J. , Cronan John J. , Scola Francis H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess the potential application of color Doppler sonography in thyroid imaging. Thyroid nodules and other thyroid pathology detected by color Doppler ultrasound and nuclear scintigraphy were compared in 115 patients. The majority of “cold” nodules demonstrated a peripheral rim of color flow and no internal color flow with color Doppler sonography. A large number of “hot” nodules demonstrated internal color flow. Color Doppler sonography was helpful in delineating nodules in otherwise inhomogeneous glands. We determined that color Doppler cannot reliably distinguish benign from malignant thyroid nodules; fine‐needle aspiration biopsy remains the most accurate method in differentiating benign and malignant lesions. We suggest that color Doppler sonography plays only a limited role in the evaluation of nodular thyroid disease at this time. The color Doppler appearance of other thyroid disorders (including toxic multinodular goiter, Graves' disease, and thyroiditis) is discussed. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Image‐directed color Doppler ultrasonography in the evaluation of superficial solid tumors
Authors: Özbek S. Süreyya , Arkun Remide , Killi Refik , Memiş Ayşenur , Dağdeviren Aynur , Sevinç Erkan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImage‐directed color Doppler ultrasonography (ICDUS) studies of 86 patients with superficial solid masses yielded significantly lower resistive index (RI) values in acute inflammatory lesions, but no significant difference between the maximum systolic flow velocities (S) of the patient groups with malignant, benign, and acute inflammatory lesions. When analyzed separately, the malignant soft‐tissue tumor subgroup was shown to have significantly higher mean RI compared to that of the malignant node subgroup.We conclude that RI may be useful in the differentiation of acute inflammatory masses from other pathological entities. Malignant soft‐tissue tumors, especially sarcomas, may have different Doppler features from those of carcinomatous tumors. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Role of ultrasound in managing neuroblastoma detected by mass screening: A proposed ultrasonographic grading for children with neuroblastoma
Authors: Hirata Tsuneo , Tatara Hideki , Zaizen Yoshio , Suita Sachiyo , Matsuzaki Akinobu , Ueda Kohji 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe ultrasonographic (US) findings of 25 infant cases detected by the Japanese mass screening program for neuroblastoma (NB) were reviewed. The following results were obtained: An identification of the primary site was possible in 96% of the cases with abdominal US. An estimation of the tumor weight was possible based on the mass volume, which was calculated from US measurements. With the combination of the estimated mass volume, local involvement, and distant metastasis, the US grading of NB was possible and closely corresponded to the surgical staging (84%). The NB cases of adrenal origin at U1a, with a mass volume of less than 16 mL, were all found to be stage I and presented the possibility for spontaneous regression. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Ultrasonically guided needle biopsy of anterior mediastinal masses: Comparison of carcinomatous and non‐carcinomatous masses
Authors: Hsu Wu‐Huei , Chiang Chi‐Der , Hsu Jeng‐Yuan , Kwan Po‐Chung , Chen Chun‐Lieh , Chen Chih‐Yi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty‐three patients with anterior mediastinal masses underwent percutaneous ultrasonically guided needle biopsy (UGNB), including ultrasonically guided aspiration biopsy (UGAB) in all 33 patients and ultrasonically guided cutting biopsy (UGCB) in 13 patients. Using UGAB alone, the diagnostic rate of anterior mediastinal masses was 52% (17/33); if both the UGAB and UGCB methods were used, the diagnostic rate could achieve 79% (26/33). If the anterior mediastinal masses were divided into carcinomatous (n = 15) and non‐carcinomatous (n = 18) groups, we found that the carcinomatous group was more easily diagnosed by UGAB than the non‐carcinomatous group (87% vs 22%, p < 0.01) and UGCB was more valuable and helpful than UGAB in the diagnosis of non‐carcinomatous mediastinal masses (75% vs 22%). One episode of injury to the aortic wall occurred after a UGCB. Our results show that carcinomatous mediastinal masses can be easily diagnosed by UGAB, and UGCB is often necessary in the diagnosis of non‐carcinomatous mediastinal masses. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Evaluation of breast tumors with color Doppler imaging: A comparison with image‐directed Doppler ultrasound
Authors: Lee San‐Kan , Lee Tain , Lee Kuan‐Rong , Su Yeou‐Gie , Liu Tse‐Jia 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDoppler ultrasound is an adjunct to other imaging modalities in differentiating benign from malignant breast tumors. Two groups of patients with breast nodules were examined using a 10/4.5 MHz (imaging frequency/pulsed Doppler frequency) image‐directed Doppler probe and a 7.0/5.0 MHz color Doppler imaging probe, separately. Whenever flow signals were detected within or at the margin of the breast nodule, the lesion was considered to be malignant. In detecting malignant breast tumors, the sensitivity was 77.3% and 94.5%, specificity 83.3% and 40.1%, accuracy 81% and 63.4% for image directed Doppler and color Doppler imaging, respectively. We found color Doppler to be easier and more efficient in detecting the flow signals of neovascularity in breast tumor. Color Doppler exhibits a higher sensitivity in detecting the malignant breast tumors. However, more false‐positive diagnoses were made. Color Doppler ultrasound also expedited the examination, and the whole procedure could be shortened from 35 minutes to 8 minutes compared with our previous examination performed by image‐directed Doppler ultrasound. Due to its higher sensitivity and saving in examination time, we use color Doppler imaging as a routine procedure when solid lesions are observed in x‐ray mammography or sonography, as a supplement to the diagnosis of breast tumors. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Abdominal tuberculosis: Comparison of sonography and computed tomography
Authors: Sheikh Mehraj , Abu‐Zidan Fikri , Al‐Hilaly Moshriq , Behbehani Abdulla 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSonographic and computed tomography findings were retrospectively compared in 13 patients with proven abdominal tuberculosis who had both diagnostic modalities in their workup. The patients were treated over 9 years in two general hospitals in Kuwait. Ultrasound could detect the same findings as CT in 9 of 13 patients. Both had the same accuracy in detecting the type of ascites (in 6 patients) and solid organ tuberculosis (four lesions). Ultrasound gave useful information but could not completely replace CT as it detected less bowel thickening (3 of 5 lesions) and abdominal tuberculous lymphadenopathy (1 of 4 lesions) than CT scanning. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A randomized trial of transcutaneous extraction atherectomy in femoral arteries: Intravascular ultrasound observations
Authors: Nakamura Shigeru , Conroy Robert M. , Gordon Ian L. , Deutsch Larry‐Stuart , Maheswaran Bavani , Antone Curtis S. , Tobis Jonathan M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectives. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that in occlusions of the superficial femoral artery, removal of atherosclerotic plaque would result in a higher long‐term patency rate compared to balloon dilatation alone. A secondary hypothesis was that long term patency would be proportional to the amount of plaque removed.Methods. A randomized controlled study of patients with occluded superficial femoral arteries was performed comparing balloon dilatation alone versus a 2.7 mm or a larger (4.0 mm or 4.7 mm) transcutaneous extraction catheter (TEC) atherectomy device followed by balloon dilatation. The effect of these devices on plaque area was assessed directly by intravascular ultrasound imaging.Results. The mean occlusion length was 19.4 cm ± 11.7 cm. The mean lumen area increased from 4.7 mm2 to 15.1 mm2, primarily due to balloon dilatation, but the mean atheroma area of 19.8 mm2 did not change with either size of TEC device. Although the initial procedure success rate was high (79%), the 6 month patency was only 45%. There was no difference in 6 month patency between the 3 groups.Conclusions. The data indicate that the TEC atherectomy devices do not remove a significant amount of atherosclerotic plaque in occluded superficial femoral arteries. The 6 month patency is no different with these atherectomy devices than with balloon dilatation alone. The larger (4.0 mm or 4.7 mm) TEC device does not remove any more tissue than the smaller (2.7 mm) device. The use of intravascular ultrasound to quantitate the effects of this atherectomy device provides important insights into the mechanism of action and lack of efficacy of the TEC atherectomy catheter. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Instrument design and characterization for high resolution MALDI‐MS imaging of tissue sections
Authors: Chaurand Pierre , Schriver Kenneth E. , Caprioli Richard M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn previous work, we have reported using a MALDI imaging time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer for the detection of protein ions from tissue sections with spatial resolution of 25 µm. We present here imaging mass spectrometry results obtained with a high‐resolution scanning MALDI time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer, equipped with a coaxial laser illumination ion source, capable of achieving irradiation areas as small as 40 µm2 (ca 7 µm diameter). MALDI‐generated analyte ion signals from these very small irradiation volumes can be observed in a molecular weight range up to 27 000. High‐resolution imaging mass spectrometry images were successfully generated from matrix thin film samples and tissue sections with scanning resolutions at and below 10 µm. This work also provides fundamental characterization of the ion signal dependence as a function of various focus and fluence parameters that will be required for extension to tissue imaging at the subcellular level. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using fossil spring deposits in the Death Valley region, USA to evaluate palaeoflowpaths
Authors: Miner R. E. , Nelson S. T. , Tingey D. G. , Murrell M. T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSpring deposits reveal the timing and environment of past groundwater discharge. Herein, however, the potential for fossil spring deposits to infer water sources and palaeoflowpaths through trace elements and stable and radiogenic isotopes is examined.Past discharge (70 to 285 ka) in the Tecopa Basin in the Death Valley region of southeastern California is represented by tufa deposits, including mounds, pools, cemented ledges and rare calcite feeder veins. δ18O values indicate that spring discharge was a mixture of far‐travelled (regional) water with a significant, and perhaps dominant contribution of local recharge on a nearby range front and alluvial pediment, rather than simply representing an elevated regional water table. δ13C values indicate regional water had a high TDS, whereas solute data imply low overall solute contents, consistent with dilution by a large component of local recharge.Radiogenic isotope data (U‐series, 87Sr/86Sr) for tufa indicate that siliciclastic rocks (a regional aquitard) interacted with discharging water. To access this aquitard, regional flow was probably partitioned into a permeable north–south damage zone of a north–south range‐bounding fault along the foot of the Resting Spring Range, which ultimately controlled the location of groundwater discharge. Existing models for modern discharge in the Tecopa Basin, by contrast, call upon westward interbasin flow in carbonate rocks from the Spring Mountains through the intervening (and nearly perpendicular) Nopah and Resting Spring Ranges. Understanding the controls on regional groundwater flow is critical in this and other arid regions where water is, by definition, a scarce resource. Thus, although it is a case study, this report highlights a fruitful approach to palaeohydrology that can be widely applied. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Field performance of organically propagated and grown strawberry plugs and fresh plants
Authors: Dolgun Oguz 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis research was carried out during the growing seasons of 2003–2004 and 2004–2005 years in Aydın province in Turkey. Aydın is 50 km from the Aegean Sea, at an altitude of 74 m. Field performance of strawberry plants that were propagated and grown organically were investigated in order to determine the marketable yield. Chandler and Camarosa runner plants were planted separately in trays containing either perlite, peat, a 1:1 mix of perlite + peat, or sand for rooting. Fifty‐cell plug trays filled with peat were used for rooting plug plants. Rooted plants grown in either peat, perlite, the 1:1 mixture or sand were considered as fresh plants. Cold‐stored and bare‐root (frigo) nursery plants were used as controls. Results of the present study showed that peat‐grown and plug plants rooted and grew more vigorously than those grown in perlite, the perlite + peat mix or sand in the rooting unit. Plug plants had a high field performance in terms of marketable yield in organic conditions. Yields were higher and better than fresh plants and equal to bare‐root cold‐stored plants. In conclusion we suggest that strawberry runner plants can be easily propagated in plugs under organic conditions and used successfully for growing strawberries organically. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
A new solution for a partially penetrating constant‐rate pumping well with a finite‐thickness skin
Authors: Chiu Pin‐Yuan , Yeh Hund‐Der , Yang Shaw‐Yang 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA mathematical model describing the constant pumping is developed for a partially penetrating well in a heterogeneous aquifer system. The Laplace‐domain solution for the model is derived by applying the Laplace transforms with respect to time and the finite Fourier cosine transforms with respect to vertical co‐ordinates. This solution is used to produce the curves of dimensionless drawdown versus dimensionless time to investigate the influences of the patch zone and well partial penetration on the drawdown distributions. The results show that the dimensionless drawdown depends on the hydraulic properties of the patch and formation zones. The effect of a partially penetrating well on the drawdown with a negative
patch zone is larger than that with a positive patch zone. For a single‐zone aquifer case, neglecting the effect of a well radius will give significant error in estimating dimensionless drawdown, especially when dimensionless distance is small. The dimensionless drawdown curves for cases with and without considering the well radius approach the Hantush equation (Advances in Hydroscience. Academic Press: New York, 1964) at large time and/or large distance away from a test well. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A block‐preconditioner for a special regularized least‐squares problem
Authors: Elfving Tommy , Skoglund Ingegerd 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe consider a linear system of the form A1x1 + A2x2 + η=b1. The vector ηconsists of independent and identically distributed random variables all with mean zero. The unknowns are split into two groups x1 and x2. It is assumed that AA1 has full rank and is easy to invert. In this model, usually there are more unknowns than observations and the resulting linear system is most often consistent having an infinite number of solutions. Hence, some constraint on the parameter vector x is needed. One possibility is to avoid rapid variation in, e.g. the parameters x2. This can be accomplished by regularizing using a matrix A3, which is a discretization of some norm (e.g. a Sobolev space norm). We formulate the problem as a partially regularized least‐squares problem and use the conjugate gradient method for its solution. Using the special structure of the problem we suggest and analyse block‐preconditioners of Schur compliment type. We demonstrate their effectiveness in some numerical tests. The test examples are taken from an application in modelling of substance transport in rivers. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.