bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From computation models to models of provenance: the RWS approach
Authors: Ludäscher Bertram , Podhorszki Norbert , Altintas Ilkay , Bowers Shawn , McPhillips Timothy 
Published: November 2007

AbstractScientific workflows often benefit from or even require advanced modeling constructs, e.g. nesting of subworkflows, cycles for executing loops, data‐dependent routing, and pipelined execution. In such settings, an often overlooked aspect of provenance takes center stage: a suitable model of provenance (MoP) for scientific workflows should be based upon the underlying model of computation (MoC) used for executing the workflows. We can derive an adequate MoP from a MoC (such as Kahn's process networks) by taking into account the assumptions that a MoC entails, and by recording the observables which it affords. In this way, a MoP captures or at least better approximates ‘real’ data dependencies for workflows with advanced modeling constructs. As a specific instance, we elaborate on the Read–Write–ReSet model, a simple and flexible MoP suitable for a number of different MoCs. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimum modality for photodynamic therapy of tumors: gels containing liposomes with hydrophobic photosensitizers
Authors: Nekvasil Miloš , Zadinová Marie , Tahotná Ludmila , Žáčková Markéta , Poučková Pavla , Ježek Petr 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) has entered an era of clinical acceptance; however, for its wider use, including drug formulations for topical applications, it must have a rapid effect and be free of skin‐photosensitization effects. Preclinical studies of two prototype formulations exhibiting successful therapeutic rates based on translucent gels containing liposomes with hydrophobic photosensitizers are presented. Experimental PDT of human tumors implanted in nude mice with liposomal gels containing meso‐tetrakisphenylporphyrin (TPP) or hydroxy‐aluminum phthalocyanine (PC) caused significant dystrophy of human basal cell carcinoma, amelanotic melanoma, breast carcinoma, and colorectal carcinoma. Whereas the drug‐to‐light time interval for TPP was 12 h, much less than that of most commercially available approved photosensitizers, 10 min was sufficient to disintegrate the effects of the PC liposomal gel. Liposomes containing hydrophobic photosensitizers were prepared either by extrusion through 100‐nm filters or using a microfluidizer. Histology of tumors in remission showed existence of overall necrosis and the presence of only small islets of tumorous cells in incomplete remission. Fibrinoid necrosis of the tumors was a visible sign of the therapeutic effect. TPP and PC from the gel were distributed by circulation to the organs and tissues in a different and more favorable pattern than by intravenous injection. We conclude that hydrophobic photosensitizers are preferable and more efficient for PDT (Ježek et al., Int J Cancer 103:693–702, 2003) and their liposomal gel formulations are predicted to be optimum preparations enabling wide ranging use of topical PDT for numerous cancer indications, initially for nonmelanoma skin cancer. Drug Dev Res 68:235–252, 2007 © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The proteasome as a potential target for chemotherapy of African trypanosomiasis
Authors: Steverding Dietmar 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTrypanosomes are parasitic protozoans that afflict both humans and livestock in sub‐Saharan Africa. The current chemotherapy of African trypanosomiasis relies on a few drugs, most of which were developed decades ago. Combinations of toxic side effects and poor efficacy of current drugs demand an urgent need for the development of novel and effective therapeutic agents. The proteasome is a multisubunit proteinase complex that plays a critical role in intracellular protein degradation. Despite being essential to all eukaryotic cells, there are significant differences between the trypanosomal and mammalian proteasomes that makes this enzyme complex a promising target for anti‐trypanosomal drug development. In this review article, the structural properties, enzymatic activities, and inhibitor sensitivities of the proteasomes of Trypanosoma brucei and mammalian cells are compared. In addition, the trypanocidal activities of the different classes of proteasome inhibitors are summarized. Drug Dev Res 68:205–212, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Developmental signaling pathways in brain tumor‐derived stem‐like cells
Authors: Clark Paul A. , Treisman Daniel M. , Ebben Johnathan , Kuo John S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractRecently, a subpopulation of cells highly efficient in tumor initiation and growth has been isolated from brain tumors. Of interest, these brain tumor initiating cells exhibit many stem‐like properties, including self‐renewal, extended proliferation, and multipotency, and are both phenotypically and genetically similar to normal neural stem cells (NSCs). Aberrant expression of developmental pathways, such as WNT, Hedgehog, Notch, and transforming growth factor‐β/bone morphogenetic protein, have been demonstrated in brain tumors, and extrinsic regulation of these pathways may be used to target brain tumor stem‐like cells (BTSCs) and form the basis of novel biological therapies. Because of regulatory redundancy during normal development, future therapeutic strategies to inhibit BTSC‐mediated tumor growth and minimize NSC‐related deleterious effects may require detailed understanding and regulation of multiple cellular mechanisms. This review analyzes the role developmental pathways play in brain tumors, focusing on the potential effects of pathway regulation on BTSC‐driven tumorigenesis. Developmental Dynamics 236:3297–3308, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A simple slice culture system for the imaging of nerve development in embryonic mouse
Authors: Brachmann Isabel , Jakubick Vera Catherine , Shakèd Maya , Unsicker Klaus , Tucker Kerry Lee 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNewborn neurons elaborate an axon that undertakes a complicated journey to find its ultimate target in the brain or periphery. Although major progress in the study of this process has been made by analysis of dissociated neurons in vitro, one would like to observe and manipulate axonal outgrowth and pathfinding as it occurs in situ, as fasciculated nerves growing within the tissue itself. Here, we present a simple technique to do this, through cultivation of embryonic mouse slices expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) specifically in newborn neurons. This system allows for imaging of outgrowth of peripheral nerves into structures such as the developing limb. We demonstrate a reproduction of normal innervation patterns by spinal nerves derived from spinal cord motor neurons and sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia. The slices can be manipulated pharmacologically as well as genetically, by crossing the EGFP‐expressing line with lines containing targeted mutations in genes of interest. Developmental Dynamics 236:3514–3523, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Apical and lateral cell protrusions interconnect epithelial cells in live Drosophila wing imaginal discs
Authors: Demontis Fabio , Dahmann Christian 
Published: November 2007

Abstract3D‐rendering of a living Drosophila melanogaster wing imaginal disc expressing CD8‐GFP in the dorsal compartment and stained with the lipophilic dye FM4‐64. See Demontis and Dahmann, Developmental Dynamics 236:3408–3418. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CXCR5+ CCR7– CD8 T cells are early effector memory cells that infiltrate tonsil B cell follicles
Authors: Quigley Máire F. , Gonzalez Veronica D. , Granath Anna , Andersson Jan , Sandberg Johan K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNaive and central memory CD8 T cells use CCR7 to recirculate through T cell zones of secondary lymphoid organs where they can encounter antigen. Here we describe a subset of human CD8 T cells expressing CXCR5 which enables homing in response to CXCL13 produced within B cell follicles. CXCR5+ CD8 T cells were found in tonsil B cell follicles, and isolated cells migrated towards CXCL13 in vitro. They expressed CD27, CD28, CD45RO, CD69, and were CD7low, and produced IFN‐γ and granzyme A but lacked perforin, a functional profile suggesting that these cells are early effector memory cells in the context of contemporary T cell differentiation models. Receptors important in the interaction with B cells, including CD70, OX40 and ICOS, were induced upon activation, and CXCR5+ CD8 T cells could to some extent support survival and IgG production in tonsil B cells. Furthermore, CXCR5+ CD8 T cells expressed CCR5 but no CCR7, suggesting a migration pattern distinct from that of follicular CD4 T cells. The finding that a subset of early effector memory CD8 T cells use CXCR5 to locate to B cell follicles indicates that MHC class I‐restricted CD8 T cells are part of the follicular T cell population.
Donor double‐negative Treg promote allogeneic mixed chimerism and tolerance
Authors: He Kathy M. , Ma Yuexia , Wang Shuang , Min Wei‐Ping , Zhong Robert , Jevnikar Anthony , Zhang Zhu‐Xu 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBone marrow (BM) transplantation is an efficient approach to develop donor‐specific tolerance and prevent chronic rejection. Allogeneic BM transplantation is limited by donor T cell‐mediated graft‐versus‐host disease, requirement of cytoreduction and high numbers of BM cells. In addition of these drawbacks, recent studies demonstrate that not only T cells, but also NK cells can mediate BM rejection, and long‐term mixed chimerism depends on NK cell tolerance. Thus, NK cell is another potential barrier against engraftment of BM and an important target in efforts to induce transplant tolerance. We have previously identified a novel type of Treg with the phenotype TCRαβ+CD3+CD4–CD8– (double‐negative, DN). We and others have demonstrated that DN‐Treg can effectively suppress anti‐donor T cell responses. In this study, we found that donor‐derived DN‐Treg can suppress NK cell‐mediated allogeneic BM graft rejection in both parent‐to‐F1 and fully MHC‐mismatched BM transplantation models. Perforin and FasL in DN‐Treg play important roles in the suppression of NK cells. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of DN‐Treg can promote a stable mixed chimerism and donor‐specific tolerance without inducing graft‐versus‐host disease. These results demonstrate a potential approach to control innate immune responses and promote allogeneic BM engraftment.
Red‐to‐Yellow Pressure‐Induced Phase Transition in Pt(bpy)Cl2: Spectroscopic Study Supported by DFT Calculations
Authors: Valiente Rafael , García‐Lastra Juan M. , García‐Fernández Pablo , García‐Revilla Sara , Wenger Oliver S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe combination of spectroscopic and computational methods has been employed to explore the origin of the luminescence in the red and yellow forms of Pt(bpy)Cl2. The luminescence of the red (linear‐chain) form of Pt(bpy)Cl2 (bpy = 2,2′‐bipyridine) has been measured as a function of hydrostatic pressure up to 65 kbar. The luminescence band maximum is redshifted (–147 cm–1 kbar–1), and the intrachain Pt–Pt distance decreases from 3.46 to 3.25 Å between ambient pressure and 17.7 kbar. Strong discontinuities in the optical properties at 17.7 kbar were interpreted in terms of a crystallographic phase transition from the red to a denser yellow form of Pt(bpy)Cl2. First‐principles calculations based on density functional theory were used to study the red to yellow phase transformation. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
2‐DE and MS analysis of interactions between Lactobacillus fermentum I5007 and intestinal epithelial cells
Authors: Yang Fang , Wang Junjun , Li Xiaojie , Ying Tianyi , Qiao Shiyan , Li Defa , Wu Guoyao 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLactobacillus is a probiotic commonly used for supplementation to human and animal diets. In this study, we used 2‐DE and MS to analyze changes in the proteomes of Lactobacillus and intestinal epithelial cells in two model systems. The in vivo and in vitro models were involved the inoculation of Lactobacillus fermentum I5007 into the rabbit jejunum for 4 h and the culture of the bacterium with Caco‐2 cells for 1 h, respectively. Our results indicate that, after exposure to the intestinal environment, the bacterium exhibited decreases in key enzymes involved in energy metabolism (e.g., lactate dehydrogenase, dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase, and nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase) and amino acid metabolism (e.g., arginyl‐tRNA synthetase and aspartate‐semialdehyde dehydrogenase), but increases in glycoside hydrolase (an enzyme for mucin degradation) and fructose‐6‐phosphate phosphoketolase (an enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway). In response to an interaction with L. fermentum I5007, Caco‐2 cells showed changes in proteins that were beneficial for gut integrity, including voltage‐dependent anion channel 1, glutathione transferase, and heat shock protein gp96. On the basis of their functions, we suggest that these proteins serve as useful biomarkers for metabolic changes in Lactobacillus and intestinal epithelial cells in response to their interactions.
Design, simulation, and optimization of a miniaturized device for size‐fractioned DNA extraction
Authors: Li Gang , Ran Rui , Zhao Jian‐Long , Xu Yuan‐Sen 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFraction collection following electrophoresis has many applications in biology analysis. These assays typically need to identify specific fractions in the separated sample for further processing and require extraction of one or a group of fragments. Unfortunately, the conventional methods involve cumbersome procedures and are not amenable to integration, automation, and extraction of microscale samples. In this work, we present a scheme of chip‐based electroelution for the extraction of DNA fragments, which allows the isolation and collection of target DNA fragments in a single device. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results have shown that there are some cross‐contaminations from adjacent bands and a little loss of DNA recovery during target DNA extraction with the prototype miniaturized device. In order to improve the purity and yield of the extracted DNA fragment, an optimal channel configuration for DNA recovery miniaturized device was proposed. The simulations and the experimental results are in good agreement and confirm that with the optimized device design a high‐efficiency DNA extraction is achieved.
Socio‐Demographic characteristics of eating disorder patients in an outpatient clinic: a descriptive epidemiological study
Authors: Latzer Yael , Vander Shlomit , Gilat Itzhak 
Published: November 2007

AbstractObjectivesThe present study focused on the differential help‐seeking characteristics of eating disorder (ED) patients.MethodWritten reports of 698 ED‐related patients who were referred to the largest outpatient ED clinic in Israel during the period 1991–2002 were retrieved from the patient files.ResultsThe typical profile was as follows: female, Israeli‐born, secular, Jewish, urban, Ashkenazi (Western origin) ethnic background and high‐level of parental education. Noteworthy, were the high percentage of kibbutz patients and the low percentages of patients from both the Arab and Jewish religious sectors.DiscussionThe results are discussed in light of the socio‐cultural impact on professional help‐seeking among individuals suffering from ED. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Wavelet‐based adaptive grids as applied to hydrodynamics
Authors: Smith C. W. , Zang J. , Eatock Taylor R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn adaptive, wavelet‐based, multiscale finite‐volume scheme is developed and employed to investigate applications in the simulation of water waves. Firstly, two one‐dimensional, strictly hyperbolic cases are investigated: shallow water and Euler equations. These are followed by two investigations using a finite‐volume formulation of Madsen and Sørensen's Boussinesq equations. Converged results were obtained in all cases, which demonstrate that the adaptive grid scheme is significantly faster than that on a uniform grid. In some cases, one‐seventh of the number of cells is required to obtain the same accuracy as that of the uniform grid. Issues of stability are discussed in the context of the particular problems modelled here with the Boussinesq equations, related to discretization of the high‐order spatial derivatives on a non‐uniform grid. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diffusion‐Controlled Oxygen Reduction on Multi‐Copper Oxidase‐Adsorbed Carbon Aerogel Electrodes without Mediator
Authors: Tsujimura S. , Kamitaka Y. , Kano K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBioelectrocatalytic reduction of O2 into water was archived at diffusion‐controlled rate by using enzymes (laccase from Trametes sp. and bilirubin oxidase from Myrothecium verrucaria, which belong to the family of multi‐copper oxidase) adsorbed on mesoporous carbon aerogel particle without a mediator. The current density was predominantly controlled by the diffusion of dissolved O2 in rotating‐disk electrode experiments, and reached a value as large as 10 mA cm–2 at 1 atm O2, 25 °C, and 8,000 rpm on the laccase‐adsorbed electrode. The overpotential of the bioelectrocatalytic reduction of O2 was 0.4–0.55 V smaller than that observed on a Pt disk electrode. Without any optimization, the laccase‐adsorbed biocathode showed stable current intensity of the O2 reduction in an air‐saturated buffer at least for 10 days under continuous flow system.
Ranking of priorities in employees' reward and recognition schemes: from the perspective of UAE health care employees
Authors: Younies Hassan , Barhem Belal , Younis Mustafa Z. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA reward and recognition (RR) system is a tool widely applied by organizations to motivate their employees. Outstanding employees expect their effort to be acknowledged by the organization. However, the variety of rewards and recognitions systems used by organizations may be perceived differently by different employees. The diverse workforce structure in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) poses various challenges for organization managers. Managers need to implement the shrewd RR system which best fits their diverse workforce. This research studied how medical sector employees in the private and public health sector view the RR systems in the UAE. Two lists, comprising 26 major approaches to RR, were prepared and its items prioritized by taking inputs from 250 employees working in more than 30 varied public and private health care organizations in the UAE. The findings of the research are expected to provide guidelines for developing appropriate RR systems for organizations in general, and UAE health care organizations in particular. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Confocal fluorescence microscopy study of interaction between lens MIP26/AQP0 and crystallins in living cells
Authors: Liu Bing‐Fen , Liang Jack J 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMIP26/AQP0 is the major lens fiber membrane protein and has been reported to interact with many other lens components including crystallins, lipid, and cytoskeletal proteins. Regarding crystallins, many previous reports indicate that MIP26/AQP0 interacts with either only α‐crystallin or some specific γ‐crystallins. Considering the possibly important role of MIP26/AQP0 in the reduction of light scattering in the lenses, we have further investigated its interaction with crystallins using confocal fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy. Specifically, we used MIP26 tagged with a green fluorescence protein (GFP) as a donor and a crystallin (αA‐, αB‐, βB2‐, or γC‐crystallin) tagged with a red fluorescence protein (RFP) as an acceptor. The two plasmids were cotransfected to HeLa cells. After culture, laser scattering microscopy images were taken in each of the three channels: GFP, RFP, and FRET. The net FRET images were then obtained by removing the contribution of spectral bleed‐through. The pixels of net FRET were normalized with those of GFP. The results show the presence of measurable interactions between MIP26 and all crystallins, with the extent of interactions decreasing from αA‐ and αB‐crystallin to βB2‐ and γC‐crystallin. Competitive interaction study using untagged αA‐crystallin shows decreased net FRET, indicating specificity of the interactions between MIP26 and αA‐crystallin. We conclude that all crystallins interact with MIP26, the physiological significance of which may be a reduction in the difference of refractive index between membrane and cytoplasm. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 51–58, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The nuclear actin‐related protein Act3p/Arp4 influences yeast cell shape and bulk chromatin organization
Authors: Georgieva Milena , Harata Masahiko , Miloshev George 
Published: November 2007

AbstractACT3/ARP4 is an essential gene, coding for the actin‐related protein Act3p/Arp4 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae located within the nucleus. Act3p/Arp4 is a stoichiometric component of the NuA4, INO80, and SWR1 chromatin modulating complexes, and recruits these complexes onto chromatin for their proper chromatin functions. Mutated Act3p/Arp4 leads to impairment of the functions of these complexes and affects transcription of specific genes. Our results revealed significant disorder in the cell size and shape of act3/arp4 mutant cells, when grown at permissive temperature. act3/arp4 mutants have also demonstrated an increase in their nuclear diameters, thus suggesting that Act3p/Arp4 is a key regulator in the maintenance of cellular shape and nuclear organization. Furthermore, the use of Chromatin Yeast Comet Assay (ChYCA) for assessment of single‐cell bulk chromatin organization in act3/arp4 mutant cells allowed us to detect an elevated sensitivity toward nuclease action, denoting differences in higher‐order chromatin structure of the mutants. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 59–67, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Palmitate and oleate induction of acylation stimulating protein resistance in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes and preadipocytes
Authors: Wen Yu , Wang HongWei , MacLaren Robin , Wu Jing , Lu HuiLing , Cianflone Katherine 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAcylation stimulating protein (ASP) stimulates triglyceride synthesis and glucose transport via its receptor C5L2. The aims were (i) to evaluate ASP response under insulin‐resistant conditions and (ii) to identify mechanisms of ASP resistance using 3T3‐L1 adipocytes and preadipocytes. Overnight incubation with palmitate (PAL) or oleate (OLE) induced dose‐dependent inhibition of ASP‐stimulated glucose transport in adipocytes (198 ± 18% +ASP, 100 ± 4% basal, 131 ± 14% + ASP + 1 mmol/L PAL) and preadipocytes (287 ± 21% + ASP, 100 ± 4% basal, 109 ± 13% + ASP + 1 mmol/L PAL). In adipocytes, dose‐dependent maximal C5L2 mRNA decreases were −41 ± 15% and −82 ± 2%, with decreased cell‐surface C5L2 of −55 ± 12% and −39 ± 9% (1 mmol/L PAL and OLE, respectively) with no change in preadipocytes. Adipocytes treated with PAL or OLE evidenced inhibition of ASP stimulation of G proteins: Gβ (−50%), Gαq/11 (−50%) and protein kinase C: PKCα‐P (−52%), PKCζ‐P (−43%). Fatty acid‐induced ASP resistance via C5L2 may contribute to altered adipose tissue function and obesity/insulin resistance phenotype in humans. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 391–401, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reply to “Comment on Aromatic‐Backbone Interactions in Model α‐Helical Peptides”
Authors: Csontos József , Palermo Nicholas Y. , Murphy Richard F. , Lovas Sándor 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn response to Van Mourik's comments on our paper (J Comput Chem 2007, 28, 1208.) we present an extended version of our rotation method. We also prove that intramolecular interaction energies as well the basis set superposition errors calculated with our rotation method are comparable with those obtained by the counterpoise method of Boys and Bernardi (Mol Phys 1970, 19, 533). In intramolecular interaction energy calculations, if the interacting groups are in proximity, our rotation method is recommended to avoid artificial interactions, which can be induced by fragmentation. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.J Comput Chem, 2008