bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing the Mammographic Screening Practices of South Asian Women in Hong Kong
Authors: Chan Dorothy Ngo Sheung , Kwok Cannas 
Published: February 2024

Background
Breast cancer is a common type of cancer in South Asian women. Early detection by mammographic screening plays a significant role in improving survival rates. South Asian minorities in many countries have reported low mammographic screening rates.

Objective
This study aimed to understand the factors that influence mammographic screening uptake among South Asian women in Hong Kong.

Methods
This was a qualitative exploratory descriptive study. South Asian women 40 years or older with no history of breast cancer were recruited. In-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted following a semistructured interview guide. Thematic analysis was conducted to analyze the data.

Results
A total of 31 South Asian women consented to participate. Among them, only 7 had ever undergone mammographic screening. The following themes of facilitating factors were identified: (1) influence of doctors, family, and friends; (2) strong sense of commitment to the family; and (3) accessibility and availability of mammographic screening information and services. The following themes for barriers to screening were identified: (1) beliefs about health management and social norms, (2) lack of knowledge and understanding of breast cancer and mammographic screening, (3) logistical barriers, and (4) physical barriers.

Conclusion
This study identified important facilitators and barriers that influence the uptake of mammographic screening among South Asian women in Hong Kong.

Implications for Practice
The study findings can be used to guide the development and implementation of culturally relevant interventions to address barriers to screening, including the expected gender roles and responsibilities among women in their respective families.
Access to mental health services in urban areas: examine the availability, affordability, and accessibility of mental health services in urban settings, particularly for individuals with intersecting marginalized identities
Authors: Meng Xiangfei 
Published: February 2024

Purpose of review
To offer an integrative overview of mental health services in urban areas across different social groups and underscore the challenges and potential solutions to improve access to mental health services in urban areas.

Recent findings
The process of urbanization places a lot of toll on the current mental health services system. Challenges to both mental health and mental health services include the elevated risk of some mental and behavioral health issues, the increased demand for mental health services, and the intensification of mental health inequalities. The phenomenon of mental health inequalities is exacerbated in urban areas, with certain disadvantaged population groups more likely to report higher mental health issues and difficulties in accessing mental health services. Targeted and dedicated strategies are warranted to develop and allocate resources to address the mental health services needs among those simultaneously with multiple disadvantaged social and economic characteristics.

Summary
Urbanization places a substantive burden on both mental health and mental health services and creates challenges to mental health services access. Integrative and multisectoral initiatives could shed light on effectively addressing the issues of access to mental health services in urban cities.
Mental health status among children and adolescents in one-child and multichild families: a meta-analysis of comparative studies
Authors: Chen Pan , Rao Shu-Ying , Zhang Wei , Jiang Yuan-Yuan , Xiang Yifan , Xiang Nicole Xun , Li Yan-Zhang , Zhu Han-Yu , Su Zhaohui , Cheung Teris , Zhang Qinge , Ng Chee H. , Xiang Yu-Tao 
Published: February 2024

Purpose of review
Controversy remains about the difference in mental health status among children and adolescents between one-child and multichild families in China. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies comparing mental health status between both groups and explored their potential moderating factors.

Recent findings
Totally, 113 eligible studies encompassing 237 899 participants (one-child families: 83 125; multichild families: 154 774) were included. The pooled SMD of SCL-90 total score was −0.115 [95% confidence interval (95% CI): −0.152; −0.078; I
2 = 86.9%]. Specifically, children and adolescents from one-child families exhibited lower scores in terms of somatization (SMD = −0.056; 95% CI: −0.087; −0.026), obsessive-compulsive symptoms (SMD = −0.116; 95% CI: −0.154; −0.079), interpersonal sensitivity (SMD = −0.140; 95% CI: −0.171; −0.109), depression (SMD = −0.123; 95% CI: −0.159; −0.088); anxiety (SMD = −0.121; 95% CI: −0.151; −0.092); phobic anxiety (SMD = −0.124; 95% CI: −0.166; −0.081); paranoid ideation (SMD = −0.040; 95% CI: −0.070; −0.009); and psychoticism (SMD = −0.119; 95% CI: −0.148; −0.089). Study publication year was significantly associated with differences in mental health status between both groups (P = 0.015).

Summary
Children and adolescents from one-child families had better mental health status compared to those from multichild families in China. Future studies should investigate the underlying factors contributing to such mental health differences, and the potential interventions that could address these mental health problems.
Unveiling Movement Intention after Stroke: Integrating EEG and EMG for Motor Rehabilitation
Authors: López-Larraz Eduardo , Sarasola-Sanz Andrea , Birbaumer Niels , Ramos-Murguialday Ander 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDetecting attempted movements of a paralyzed limb is a key step for neural interfaces for motor rehabilitation and restoration after a stroke. In this paper, we present a systematic evaluation of electroencephalographic (EEG) and electromyographic (EMG) activity to decode when stroke patients with severe upper-limb paralysis attempt to move their affected arm. EEG and EMG recordings of 35 chronic stroke patients were analyzed. We trained classifiers to discriminate between rest and movement attempt states relying on brain, muscle, or both types of features combined. Our results reveal that: i) EEG and residual EMG features provide complementary information to detect attempted movements, obtaining significantly higher decoding accuracy when both sources of activity are combined; ii) EMG-based, but not EEG-based, decoding accuracy correlates with the degrees of impairment of the patient; and iii) the percentage of patients that achieve decoding accuracy above the chance level strongly depends on the type of features considered, and can be as low as 50% of them if only ipsilesional EEG is used. These results offer new perspectives to develop improved neurotechnologies that establish a more accurate contingent link between the central and peripheral nervous system after a stroke, leveraging Hebbian learning and facilitating functional plasticity and recovery.
finsyncR, an R package to synchronize 27 years of fish and invertebrate data across the United States
Authors: Mahon Michael B. , Jones Devin K. , Hill Ryan A. , Brown Terry N. , Brown Ethan A. , Kunz Stefan , Rumschlag Samantha L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe United States government collects some of the most comprehensive data on freshwater systems in existence, but barriers exist for new users to apply these data without institutional guidance. ‘finsyncR’ (fish andinvertebratesynchronizer inR) is an R package that streamlines the process of acquiring, processing, and integrating fish and macroinvertebrate datasets collected in streams and rivers, increasing access to cleaned data and ensuring straightforward application of the data. The data sources are the US Environmental Protection Agency’s National River and Streams Assessment and US Geological Survey’s BioData. The resulting datasets span 27 years (1993 to 2019) and include 8,115 sites, 15,169 sampling events, 963 macroinvertebrate genera, and 687 fish species. We document common challenges to working with these data including understanding sampling designs, harmonizing taxonomy, calculating densities and standardized abundances, accounting for differences in sampling effort, and considering improvements in taxonomic identifications. We anticipate this package will spur research exploring changes in fish and macroinvertebrate communities across space and time and the causes and consequences of those changes.
A half-centre oscillator encodes sleep pressure
Authors: Hasenhuetl Peter S. , Sarnataro Raffaele , Vrontou Eleftheria , Rorsman H. Olof , Talbot Clifford B. , Brain Ruth , Miesenböck Gero 
Published: February 2024

SummaryOscillatory neural dynamics are an inseparable part of mammalian sleep. Characteristic rhythms are associated with different sleep stages and variable levels of sleep pressure, but it remains unclear whether these oscillations are passive mirrors or active generators of sleep. Here we report that sleep-control neurons innervating the dorsal fan-shaped body ofDrosophila(dFBNs) produce slow-wave activity (SWA) in the delta frequency band (0.2–1 Hz) that is causally linked to sleep. The dFBN ensemble contains one or two rhythmic cells per hemisphere whose membrane voltages oscillate in anti-phase between hyperpolarized DOWN and depolarized UP states releasing bursts of action potentials. The oscillations rely on direct interhemispheric competition of two inhibitory half-centres connected by glutamatergic synapses. Interference with glutamate release from these synapses disrupts SWA and baseline as well as rebound sleep, while the optogenetic replay of SWA (with the help of an intersectional, dFBN-restricted driver) induces sleep. Rhythmic dFBNs generate SWA throughout the sleep–wake cycle—despite a mutually antagonistic ‘flip-flop’ arrangement with arousing dopaminergic neurons—but adjust its power to sleep need via an interplay of sleep history-dependent increases in dFBN excitability and homeostatic depression of their efferent synapses, as we demonstrate transcriptionally, structurally, functionally, and with a simple computational model. The oscillatory format permits a durable encoding of sleep pressure over long time scales but requires downstream mechanisms that convert the amplitude-modulated periodic signal into binary sleep–wake states.
A generative model of the connectome with dynamic axon growth
Authors: Liu Yuanzhe , Seguin Caio , Betzel Richard F. , Akarca Danyal , Di Biase Maria A. , Zalesky Andrew 
Published: February 2024

AbstractConnectome generative models, otherwise known as generative network models, provide insight into the wiring principles underpinning brain network organization. While these models can approximate numerous statistical properties of empirical networks, they typically fail to explicitly characterize an important contributor to brain organization – axonal growth. Emulating the chemoaffinity guided axonal growth, we provide a novel generative model in which axons dynamically steer the direction of propagation based on distance-dependent chemoattractive forces acting on their growth cones. This simple dynamic growth mechanism, despite being solely geometry-dependent, is shown to generate axonal fiber bundles with brain-like geometry and features of complex network architecture consistent with the human brain, including lognormally distributed connectivity weights, scale-free nodal degrees, small-worldness, and modularity. We demonstrate that our model parameters can be fitted to individual connectomes, enabling connectome dimensionality reduction and comparison of parameters between groups. Our work offers an opportunity to bridge studies of axon guidance and connectome development, providing new avenues for understanding neural development from a computational perspective.Author SummaryGenerative models of the human connectome provide insight into principles driving brain network development. However, current models do not capture axonal outgrowth, which is crucial to the formation of neural circuits. We develop a novel generative connectome model featuring dynamic axonal outgrowth, revealing the contribution of microscopic axonal guidance to the network topology and axonal geometry of macroscopic connectomes. Simple axonal outgrowth rules representing continuous chemoaffinity gradients are shown to generate complex, brain-like topologies and realistic axonal fascicle architectures. Our model is sufficiently sensitive to capture subtle interindividual differences in axonal outgrowth between healthy adults. Our results are significant because they reveal core principles that may give rise to both complex brain networks and brain-like axonal bundles, unifying neurogenesis across scales.
Efficient and reproducible generation of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes using a stirred bioreactor
Authors: Prondzynski Maksymilian , Bortolin Raul H. , Berkson Paul , Trembley Michael A. , Shani Kevin , Sweat Mason E. , Mayourian Joshua , Cordoves Albert M. , Anyanwu Nnaemeka J. , Tharani Yashasvi , Cotton Justin , Milosh Joseph B. , Walker David , Zhang Yan , Liu Fujian , Liu Xujie , Parker Kevin K. , Bezzerides Vassilios J. , Pu William T. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the last decade human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) proved to be valuable for cardiac disease modeling and cardiac regeneration, yet challenges with scale, quality, inter-batch consistency, and cryopreservation remain, reducing experimental reproducibility and limiting clinical translation. Here, we report a robust cardiac differentiation protocol that uses Wnt modulation and a stirred suspension bioreactor to produce on average 124 million hiPSC-CMs with >90% purity using a variety of hiPSC lines (19 differentiations; 10 iPSC lines). After controlled freeze and thaw, bioreactor-derived CMs (bCMs) showed high viability (>90%), interbatch reproducibility in cellular morphology, function, drug response and ventricular identity, which was further supported by single cell transcriptomes. bCMs on microcontact printed substrates revealed a higher degree of sarcomere maturation and viability during long-term culture compared to monolayer-derived CMs (mCMs). Moreover, functional investigation of bCMs in 3D engineered heart tissues showed earlier and stronger force production during long-term culture, and robust pacing capture up to 4 Hz when compared to mCMs. bCMs derived from this differentiation protocol will expand the applications of hiPSC-CMs by providing a reproducible, scalable, and resource efficient method to generate cardiac cells with well-characterized structural and functional properties superior to standard mCMs.
Genetic diversity and connectivity of the invasive gastropod,Callinina georgiana(Caenogastropoda: Viviparidae) across a fragmented riverscape: a mitonuclear perspective
Authors: Abeyrathna Wijesooriya Arachchilage Nimanthi U , Davinack Andrew A. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTAquatic Invasive Species (AIS) are a significant threat to global freshwater biodiversity. This study focuses on the banded mystery snail,Callinina georgiana,an invasive species in the Adirondack region of northern New York – an important section of the New York Great Lakes Basin. This project aims to explore the genetic connectivity ofC. georgianawithin its invasive range using a combination of mitochondrial and nuclear markers.Sampling was conducted in the Raquette River and adjacent waterways, with a total of 229 snails collected from 16 distinct populations distributed across eight different waterbodies. Also included were two populations from the species’ native range in the southern United States. DNA was extracted, and a 710 bp fragment of the mtDNA marker COI and a 351 bp fragment of nuclear marker Histone-3 (H3) were amplified. Population genetic analyses including haplotype patterning, AMOVA and genetic diversity estimates, neutrality tests and tests for isolation by distance (IBD) were performed to assess connectivity patterns.Results showed moderate to high levels of genetic admixture within the snail’s invasive range as indicated by the lack of geographic patterning of haplotypes and low to moderate levels of genetic differentiation across multiple sites. Demographic analyses combined with high numbers of private haplotypes indicate population expansion. Interestingly, a case of mitonuclear discordance was detected for native and invasive populations as evident by incongruent haplotype patterns for the COI and H3 markers.Callinina georgianaexhibits a high level of genetic connectivity in its invasive range. The presence of dams does not significantly affect gene flow, indicating that anthropogenic activities, such as boat traffic might be key in dispersing the snails across this fragmented freshwater system.This study offers new insights into the dispersal and genetic structure of an invasive freshwater snail. It highlights the importance of considering anthropogenic factors when confronting complex patterns of genetic diversity. The findings are significant for biodiversity conservation and provide a basis for developing strategies to manage and contain the spread of AIS likeC. georgiana,especially in regions with high human activity.
cMPL-Based Purification and Depletion of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Implications for Pre-Transplant Conditioning
Authors: Araki Daisuke , Hong Sogun , Linde Nathaniel , Fisk Bryan , Redekar Neelam , Salisbury-Ruf Christi , Krouse Allen , Engels Theresa , Golomb Justin , Dagur Pradeep , Magnani Diogo M. , Wang Zhirui , Larochelle Andre 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe transplantation of gene-modified autologous hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) offers a promising therapeutic approach for hematological and immunological disorders. However, this strategy is often limited by the toxicities associated with traditional conditioning regimens. Antibody-based conditioning strategies targeting cKIT and CD45 antigens have shown potential in mitigating these toxicities, but their long-term safety and efficacy in clinical settings require further validation. In this study, we investigate the thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor, cMPL, as a novel target for conditioning protocols. We demonstrate that high surface expression of cMPL is a hallmark feature of long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) within the adult human CD34+ HSPC subset. Targeting the cMPL receptor facilitates the separation of human LT-HSCs from mature progenitors, a delineation not achievable with cKIT. Leveraging this finding, we developed a cMPL-targeting immunotoxin, demonstrating its ability to selectively deplete host cMPLhighLT-HSCs with a favorable safety profile and rapid clearance within 24 hours post-infusion in rhesus macaques. These findings present significant potential to advance our understanding of human hematopoiesis and enhance the therapeutic outcomes ofex vivoautologous HSPC gene therapies.Abstract FigureGraphical abstract
Effects of prenatal maternal immune activation and exposure to circadian disruption during adolescence: exploring the two-hit model of neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Delorme Tara C. , Arcego Danusa M. , Penichet Danae , O’Toole Nicholas , Huebener Nikki , Silveira Patrícia P. , Srivastava Lalit K. , Cermakian Nicolas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundAround 80% of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders experience disruptions in sleep/circadian rhythms. We explored whether prenatal infection, an established risk factor for NDDs, and environmental circadian disruption synergistically induced sex-specific deficits in mice.MethodsA maternal immune activation (MIA) protocol was used by injecting pregnant mice (at E9.5) with a viral mimic poly IC or saline. Then, juvenile/adolescent offspring (3-7 weeks old) were subjected to either standard lighting (12:12LD) or constant light (LL).ResultsWe found interactions of the two factors on behaviors related to cognition, anxiety, and sociability. Also, poly IC exposure led to a more activated profile of hippocampal microglia in males only, while LL diminished these effects. Using RNA sequencing in the dorsal hippocampus, we found that poly IC exposure led to many differentially expressed genes in males (but not females), and fewer differentially expressed genes were observed after LL exposure. Using the WGCNA analysis, we found several significant gene modules positively associated with poly IC (in comparison to saline exposure) and LL (in comparison to LD exposure) in males, and less so in females. Interestingly, many of the identified hub bottleneck genes were homologous to human genes associated with both sleep/circadian rhythms and neurodevelopmental disorders as identified by GWA studies.ConclusionsOur work demonstrates that in a mouse model of prenatal infection, disruptions in circadian rhythms induced by LL play a role in modulating the effects of MIA at behavioral, cellular, and molecular levels.
Proteomic Networks and Related Genetic Variants Associated with Smoking and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Konigsberg Iain R , Vu Thao , Liu Weixuan , Litkowski Elizabeth M , Pratte Katherine A , Vargas Luciana B , Gilmore Niles , Abdel-Hafiz Mohamed , Manichaikul Ani W , Cho Michael H , Hersh Craig P , DeMeo Dawn L , Banaei-Kashani Farnoush , Bowler Russell P , Lange Leslie A , Kechris Katerina J 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundStudies have identified individual blood biomarkers associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and related phenotypes. However, complex diseases such as COPD typically involve changes in multiple molecules with interconnections that may not be captured when considering single molecular features.MethodsLeveraging proteomic data from 3,173 COPDGene Non-Hispanic White (NHW) and African American (AA) participants, we applied sparse multiple canonical correlation network analysis (SmCCNet) to 4,776 proteins assayed on the SomaScan v4.0 platform to derive sparse networks of proteins associated with current vs. former smoking status, airflow obstruction, and emphysema quantitated from high-resolution computed tomography scans. We then used NetSHy, a dimension reduction technique leveraging network topology, to produce summary scores of each proteomic network, referred to as NetSHy scores. We next performed genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify variants associated with the NetSHy scores, or network quantitative trait loci (nQTLs). Finally, we evaluated the replicability of the networks in an independent cohort, SPIROMICS.ResultsWe identified networks of 13 to 104 proteins for each phenotype and exposure in NHW and AA, and the derived NetSHy scores significantly associated with the variable of interests. Networks included known (sRAGE, ALPP, MIP1) and novel molecules (CA10, CPB1, HIS3, PXDN) and interactions involved in COPD pathogenesis. We observed 7 nQTL loci associated with NetSHy scores, 4 of which remained after conditional analysis. Networks for smoking status and emphysema, but not airflow obstruction, demonstrated a high degree of replicability across race groups and cohorts.ConclusionsIn this work, we apply state-of-the-art molecular network generation and summarization approaches to proteomic data from COPDGene participants to uncover protein networks associated with COPD phenotypes. We further identify genetic associations with networks. This work discovers protein networks containing known and novel proteins and protein interactions associated with clinically relevant COPD phenotypes across race groups and cohorts.