bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new species of piha (Cotingidae: Lipaugus) from the Cordillera Central of Colombia
Authors: CUERVO ANDRÉS M. , SALAMAN PAUL G. W. , DONEGAN THOMAS M. , OCHOA JOSÉ M. 
Published: April 2008

The Chestnut‐capped Piha Lipaugus weberi sp. nov., is described from sub‐Andean forest on the northern slope of the Central Cordillera of the Colombia Andes. The new species appears most closely related to Lipaugus fuscocinereus of the Northern Andes including the Central Cordillera, but is much smaller, with a distinctive chestnut‐brown crown, yellow orbital ring, two modified primaries in the male, an overall darker grey coloration and unique vocalizations. It appears to be restricted to a narrow belt of premontane very humid forests (1500–1820 m asl) where it is fairly common. The restricted range and specific ecological requirements of Lipaugus weberi make the species of great conservation concern as the Central Cordillera has been severely deforested and remaining forests are highly fragmented. We present notes on the behaviour, ecology and conservation of this new species.Se describe Lipaugus weberi sp. nov, de bosque subandino de la vertiente norte de la Cordillera Central de los Andes de Colombia. La nueva especie parece estar bastante relacionada con Lipaugus fuscocinereus de los Andes septentrionales incluyendo la Cordillera Central, pero es mucho más pequeña, presenta una distintiva gorra castaño opaco, anillo ocular amarillo, dos remeras primarias modificadas, la coloración gris más oscura y vocalizaciones ünicas. Esta especie se restringe a una franja angosta de bosque muy hümedo premontano (1500–1820 msnm), donde es relativamente comün. El rango restringido y los requerimientos ecológicos especificos de Lipaugus weberi hacen que esta especie sea de gran relevancia para la conservación, más aün debido al estado de deforestación severa de la Cordillera Central, en la cual los bosques remanentes son muy fragmentados. Presentamos anotaciones sobre la ecologia, el comportamiento y la conservación de esta nueva especie.
Integrin scintimammography using a dedicated breast imaging, solid‐state γ‐camera and 99mTc‐labelled NC100692
Authors: Bach‐Gansmo Tore , Bogsrud Trond V. , Skretting Arne 
Published: April 2008

SummaryObjective:  Integrin scintimammography with NC100692 and a dedicated γ‐camera, LumaGEM, based on semi‐conductor technology, was performed to investigate the detection ability of this combination in breast cancer.Methods:  Eight patients with a high suspicion of breast cancer were administered 600–750 MBq 99mTc‐labelled NC100629. Two acquisitions using a cranio‐caudal and a lateral view were used, with moderate compression of the breast.Results:  LumaGEM scintigraphy revealed 9 of 11 malignancies, sized 6–20 mm. Two lesions in patients with multicentric disease were not diagnosed, one of which measured only 2·5 mm. In one patient, the procedure was inconclusive, due to major breast hypertrophy.Conclusion:  The combined use of NC100629 and a dedicated γ‐camera for breast imaging was highly effective in diagnosing breast cancer.
Systematic Clinical Evaluation and Correction Procedures for Support of Removable Partial Dentures
Authors: Sato Yuji , Shimodaira Osamu , Kitagawa Noboru 
Published: April 2008

AbstractSupport, retention, and bracing are the three main functions of a direct retainer in removable partial dentures (RPDs). RPDs must have sufficient supporting ability for proper occlusal rehabilitation. Support ability depends on the fit, size, shape, and location of the occlusal rest. Support cannot be adjusted chairside in most cases. The purpose of this article is to present systematic evaluation criteria for support in an RPD and to describe methods for adjusting cast clasps with improper support. Appropriate design of RPDs and preparation of abutments are also described.
Comparison of Different Tube Materials and Use of Chinese Finger Trap or Four Friction Suture Technique for Securing Gastrostomy, Jejunostomy, and Thoracostomy Tubes in Dogs
Authors: SONG EDDIE KUGJU , MANN F.A. (TONY) , WAGNER‐MANN COLETTE C. 
Published: April 2008

Objective—To compare Chinese finger trap (CFT) and 4 friction suture (FFS) techniques to secure gastrostomy (GT), jejunostomy (JT), and thoracostomy (TT) tubes of different materials.Study Design—Prospective experimental study.Animals—Canine cadavers (n=20).Methods—Randomly, GT (n=20), JT (20), and TT (20) were inserted using 2 different suture techniques (10 for each tube type) and either silicone or another material (10 for each type). Axial distraction was applied to each tube until failure. Force and displacement to failure and failure mode were recorded and compared between techniques and materials for GT, JT, and TT.Results—CFT failed most commonly by suture breakage whereas FFS failed mainly by tube slippage (P=.003). For GT, failure occurred more commonly by tube slippage (n=15;P<.001) whereas tube breakage was more common for JT (n=10;P<.001) and suture breakage for TT (n=14;P=.022). Silicone had higher force to failure than latex with GT, lower force to failure than red rubber with JT, and lower displacement to failure than polyvinylchloride with TT.Conclusions—Different failure modes occurred for CFT (suture breakage) and FFS (tube slippage) and among different tube types (tube slippage with GT, tube breakage with JT, and suture breakage with TT). Based on study results, CFT is preferred to FFS for anchoring silicone GT and TT. Silicone GT, red rubber JT, and polyvinylchloride TT were more secure than latex GT, silicone JT, and silicone TT, respectively.Clinical Relevance—CFT should be preferred over FFS based on force and displacement to failure, but tube type and tissue reaction could influence anchoring strength.
Trephination of the Equine Rostral Maxillary Sinus: Efficacy and Safety of Two Trephine Sites
Authors: BARAKZAI SAFIA Z. , KANE‐SMYTH JUSTINE , LOWLES JOANNA , TOWNSEND NEIL 
Published: April 2008

Objective— To examine 2 rostral maxillary sinus (RMS) trephine sites for safety and efficacy using skulls of horses of varying age.Study Design— Descriptive study.Animals— Cadaveric equine skulls (n=40).Methods— Two RMS trephination sites (rostral, caudal) were made in each skull. Radiographic projections using markers at each site were used to determine if sites were within the RMS and directly overlying a cheek tooth. Sinusotomy in 14 skulls was used to determine correlation between radiographic and anatomic location of trephine sites, and of the rostrolateral aspect of the maxillary septum. Age‐related risk of trephine site being directly over a cheek tooth was determined using logistic regression.Results— Trephine site was within the RMS in 98% of skulls using the rostral portal and 68% using the caudal portal. The rostral site was over a cheek tooth in 18% of skulls compared with 10% using the caudal site. There was a significant negative relationship between the trephine site overlying a tooth and horse age for rostral (P=.02) and caudal (P=.03) sites. The radiographic appearance of the maxillary septum correlated to the rostrolateral portion of the septum in 12 of 14 skulls that had sinusotomy.Clinical Relevance— The rostral RMS trephine portal is more reliable than the caudal site for entering the RMS. Horses ≤5 years are at high risk for the trephine site overlying a cheek tooth and we advise that RMS trephination in this age group be performed with radiographic guidance.
An In Vitro Biomechanical Comparison of a 5.5 mm Limited‐Contact Dynamic Compression Plate Fixation with a 4.5 mm Limited‐Contact Dynamic Compression Plate Fixation of Osteotomized Equine Third Metacarpal Bones
Authors: SOD GARY A. , MITCHELL COLIN F. , HUBERT JEREMY D. , MARTIN GEORGE S. , GILL MARJORIE S. 
Published: April 2008

Objectives—To compare monotonic biomechanical properties and fatigue life of a 5.5 mm broad limited‐contact dynamic compression plate (5.5‐LC‐DCP) fixation with a 4.5 mm broad LC‐DCP (4.5‐LC‐DCP) fixation to repair osteotomized equine third metacarpal (MC3) bones.Study Design—In vitro biomechanical testing of paired cadaveric equine MC3 with a mid‐diaphyseal osteotomy, stabilized by 1 of 2 methods for fracture fixation.Sample Population—Adult equine cadaveric MC3 bones (n=18 pair).Methods—MC3 were divided into 3 test groups (6 pairs each) for: (1) 4‐point bending single cycle to failure testing; (2) 4‐point bending cyclic fatigue testing; and (3) torsional single cycle to failure testing. The 8‐hole, 5.5 mm broad LC‐DCP (5.5‐LC‐DCP) was applied to the dorsal surface of 1 randomly selected bone from each pair. One 8‐hole, 4.5 mm broad LC‐DCP (4.5‐LC‐DCP) was applied dorsally to the contralateral bone from each pair. Plates and screws were applied using standard ASIF techniques. All MC3 bones had mid‐diaphyseal osteotomies. Mean test variable values for each method were compared using a paired t–test within each group. Significance was set atP<.05.Results—Mean yield load, yield bending moment, composite rigidity, failure load and failure bending moment under 4‐point bending, single cycle to failure, of the 5.5‐LC‐DCP fixation were significantly greater (P<.024) than those of the 4.5‐LC‐DCP fixation. Mean cycles to failure for 4‐point bending was significantly (P<.05) greater for the 4.5‐LC‐DCP fixation compared with the 5.5‐LC‐DCP fixation. Mean yield load, mean composite rigidity, and mean failure load in torsion for the 5.5‐LC‐DCP fixation was not significantly different (P>.05) than those with the 4.5‐LC‐DCP fixation.Conclusion—5.5‐LC‐DCP fixation was superior to 4.5‐LC‐DCP fixation in resisting the static overload forces under palmarodorsal 4‐point bending. There was no significant difference between 5.5‐LC‐DCP fixation and 4.5‐LC‐DCP fixation in resisting static overload forces under torsion; however, the 5.5‐LC‐DCP offers significantly less stability (80% of that of the 4.5‐LC‐DCP) in cyclic fatigue testing.Clinical Relevance—The results of this in vitro study may provide information to aid in the selection of a biological plate for long bone fracture repair in horses.
Radiographic Measurement of Canine Tibial Angles in the Sagittal Plane
Authors: DISMUKES DAVID I. , TOMLINSON JAMES L. , FOX DEREK B. , COOK JAMES L. , WITSBERGER TIGE H. 
Published: April 2008

Objective—To describe a method for radiographic measurement of the mechanical joint angles of the tibia in the sagittal plane and report reference ranges for a population of dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease, and specifically for Labrador Retrievers.Study Design—Retrospective evaluation of radiographs.Animals—Canine tibia (n=150) of dogs evaluated for cranial cruciate ligament disease; 104 tibiae were from Labrador Retrievers, 46 tibiae were from other medium‐ to large‐breed dogs.Methods—Medial‐lateral radiographs were used to establish anatomic landmarks and measure the mechanical cranial distal tibial angle (mCrDTA) and mechanical caudal proximal tibial angle (mCaPTA).Results—For all tibiae mean mCrDTA was 81.6° and mCaPTA, 63.6°. For Labrador Retriever tibiae mean mCrDTA was 81.7° and mCaPTA, 63.8°. For non‐Labradors, means mCrDTA was 81.5° and mCaPTA, 63°. Labrador Retrievers were significantly younger than non‐Labradors in our study population. No significant differences were noted between Labrador Retrievers and non‐Labradors for mCrDTA or mCaPTA and correlations between mCrDTA and mCaPTA were neither strong nor significant.Conclusion—A method was established for radiographic measurement of mechanical joint angles of the canine tibia in the sagittal plane. Reference ranges are reported for a population of Labrador Retrievers and a population of non‐Labradors with cranial cruciate ligament disease.Clinical Relevance—Measurement method and reference ranges provided for mechanical tibial angles may be used to aid in diagnosis, surgical planning, and postoperative critique for hindlimb angular deformities.
Consistency of the CFAE Phenomena Using Custom Software for Automated Detection of Complex Fractionated Atrial Electrograms (CFAEs) in the Left Atrium During Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: MONIR GEORGE , POLLAK SCOTT J. 
Published: April 2008

Introduction:
Complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAEs) have been described as a potential target for ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). The purpose of this study is to assess the consistency of the CFAE phenomena using custom software for automated detection of CFAEs in the left atrium during AF.
Methods and Results:
This prospective study included 10 patients referred for catheter ablation of symptomatic drug‐refractory AF. Ten consecutive points at a single location (cluster) were acquired as electroanatomical points every 3 seconds. Atrial signals were automatically classified as CFAEs by the software algorithm. The number of intervals between 50 ms and 110 ms and in the voltage range 0.05–0.15 mV during the 2.5‐second recordings was determined and referred to as the interval confidence level (ICL). A total of 2,226 points were acquired during mapping of AF. A dominant group of ICL using one of two different configurations of ICL fractionation was identified. A dominant group was defined as the ICL categorization occurring with greatest frequency in a given cluster of points. The results show the consistency ranged from 73%± 21 for the three‐group configuration (ICL ≤ 4; 4 < ICL ≤ 7; ICL > 7) to 84%± 16 for the two‐group configuration (ICL ≤ 5; ICL > 5).
Conclusion:
This novel software offers an objective method for CFAE analysis during atrial fibrillation. CFAE consistency ranged from 73% to 84% with wide standard deviation. Automated detection of CFAEs may remove the pitfalls associated with subjective visual detection, thus removing one variable in comparative studies of using CFAEs as AF ablation targets.
Respiratory exacerbations in childhood associated with compound heterozygosity Phe508del/Arg117His‐7T of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator gene
Authors: Lee TWR , Conway SP , Peckham D , Brownlee KG 
Published: April 2008

AbstractDebate continues regarding the clinical implications for compound heterozygotes identified with Phe508del and Arg117His‐7T mutations of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) gene. We report respiratory exacerbations and airway culture of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a child with this genotype.Conclusion: The compound heterozygote cystic fibrosis (CF) mutation Phe508del with Arg117His‐7T should not necessarily be considered benign in childhood.
Bladder wall telangiectasis causing life‐threatening haematuria in ataxia‐telangiectasia: a new observation
Authors: Cohen Jonathan M , Cuckow Peter , Davies E Graham 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWe report two cases of life‐threatening haemorrhage from bladder telangiectasia in children with ataxia‐telangiectasia (A‐T) who had been treated for lymphoma earlier in life. Whilst oculocutaneous telangiectasiae are an almost universal finding in this syndrome, bladder wall telangiectasis has not been reported previously. Both teenagers presented with recurrent severe haematuria due to extensive bladder telangiectasis. Recurrent haemorrhage was controlled with cystoscopic diathermy treatment. As A‐T is a DNA repair disorder, it is possible that chemotherapy‐mediated damage to the bladder mucosa prompted the development of clinically significant telangiectasis in these patients.Conclusion: We advocate early cystoscopy for A‐T patients who develop haematuria to investigate the cause, and cystodiathermy to pre‐emptively treat developing lesions prior to haemodynamically significant haemorrhage.
Preterm infants of educated mothers have better outcome
Authors: Wang Lan‐Wan , Wang Shan‐Tair , Huang Chao‐Ching 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAim: To determine the developmental trajectories of very‐low‐birthweight (VLBW) infants during the first 2 years of life, and investigate the most contributory predictors of diverse trajectories.Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled 887 VLBW infants from January 1999 to December 2002 with regular follow‐up at corrected age of 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Sociodemographic and medical data were collected, and the outcome measures consisted of neurological assessment and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development‐II.Results: Five trajectories of cognitive development based on the mental developmental indices from the age of 6 to 24 months were determined, including average‐stable (group A, 20.1%), average‐decline to borderline delay (group B, 34%), borderline delay‐catch‐up to average (group C, 20.2%), borderline delay‐decline to significant delay (group D, 17.2%) and significant delay‐stable (group E, 8.5%). Using group A as the reference category, we determined 6‐month neurological status and maternal education as the most significant predictors for various trajectories (p < 0.01). Infants with transient or definite neurological abnormality and/or low maternal education had higher odds of displaying the disadvantageous trajectories (group B, D and E; odds ratios, 1.79–46.4).Conclusion: VLBW infants with neurological abnormalities and/or low maternal education had high risk of developmental decline and might benefit from early intervention.
Maternal employment and breastfeeding: results from the longitudinal study of Australian children
Authors: Cooklin Amanda R , Donath Susan M , Amir Lisa H 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAim: To investigate the effect of maternal postnatal employment on breastfeeding duration in Australia in the first 6 months after birth.Method: Secondary data analysis of the infant data (2004) from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). Complete maternal and breastfeeding data were available for 3697 infants. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate the effect of timing of resumption of maternal employment and maternal employment status on breastfeeding at 6 months postpartum after adjustment for maternal education, maternal age, maternal smoking during pregnancy and socioeconomic status of the child's area of residence.Results: Fewer women employed full‐time were breastfeeding their infants at 6 months (39%) than nonemployed women (56%). Participation in full‐time employment before 6 months had a strong, negative effect on the likelihood of continuing breastfeeding for 6 months, adjusted OR = 0.35 (95%CI: 0.22–0.55). Compared to nonemployed women, fewer women in part‐time employment were breastfeeding at 6 months (44%), adjusted OR = 0.49 (95% CI: 0.37–0.64).Conclusions: Results from this large representative cohort of Australian infants confirm that maternal employment in the first 6 months of life contributes to premature cessation of breastfeeding even when known risk factors for breastfeeding cessation are controlled for.
Cognitive and psychosocial development of children with Pierre Robin sequence
Authors: Drescher FD , Jotzo M , Goelz R , Meyer TD , Bacher M , Poets Christian F 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAim: It is unclear whether cognitive impairment in Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) results from a primary disturbance affecting both the brain and the mandible or from recurrent upper airway obstruction (UAO). If the latter were true, cognitive impairment should be preventable by early treatment of UAO. We wanted to determine the cognitive and psychosocial outcome of children with PRS treated with a new device aimed at relieving UAO in infancy (pre‐epiglottic baton plate).Methods: Thirty‐four children with PRS and 34 healthy controls aged 4–11 years completed the Kaufman‐Assessment Battery for Children (K‐ABC) and a self‐concept inventory. Parents rated their children's emotional and behavioural problems. Multi‐ and univariate analyses of covariance were performed, controlling for gender, age, parental education, family income and parental depression.Results: The cognitive development of the PR children was within the reference range. Compared to healthy children, however, the children with PRS performed significantly poorer. There were no significant differences concerning self‐concept, emotional or behavioural problems.Conclusion: These children with non‐syndromic PRS who had received treatment of UAO in infancy performed worse in the K‐ABC. However, this did not reflect a major cognitive impairment.
Changes in physical activity in adolescent girls: a latent growth modelling approach
Authors: Raudsepp Lennart , Viira Roomet 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAim: To examine: (1) the developmental trajectory of physical activity as well the influence of body mass index (BMI) and friend support on initial physical activity and change of physical activity; and (2) the stability of physical activity in adolescent girls.Methods: Participants were 193 urban adolescent girls and their best friends. Physical activity was measured using the 3‐day physical activity recall. Best friend social support was assessed using a questionnaire. BMI was calculated based on height and body mass of the participants. Data were collected on four occasions over a 1.75‐year period.Results: The stability coefficients for moderate, vigorous and total physical activity were statistically significant and ranged from 0.25 to 0.62. There was a curvilinear decrease in physical activity and a curvilinear increase in BMI and friend social support across four measurement occasions. Latent growth modelling (LGM) revealed that initially higher level of friend social support was associated with higher physical activity, and higher level of BMI was associated with lower levels of physical activity. With the physical activity change factor, there were statistically significant and positive direct effect from friend social support change factor, and statistically significant and negative direct effect from BMI change factor.Conclusion: Change in friend social support was positively and change in BMI was inversely associated with a change in adolescent girls' physical activity.
Baby swimming and respiratory health
Authors: Nystad Wenche , Håberg Siri E , London Stephanie J , Nafstad Per , Magnus Per 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAim: To estimate the effect of baby swimming in the first 6 months of life on respiratory diseases from 6 to 18 months.Methods: We used data from The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health in children born between 1999 and 2005 followed from birth to the age of 18 months (n = 30 870). Health outcomes: lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), wheeze and otitis media between 6 and 18 months of age. Exposure: baby swimming at the age of 6 months. The effect of baby swimming was estimated by logistic regression analysis adjusting for potential confounders.Results: About 25% of the children participated in baby swimming. The prevalence of LRTI was 13.3%, wheeze 40.0% and otitis media 30.4%. Children who were baby swimming were not more likely to have LRTI, to wheeze or to have otitis media. However, children with atopic mothers who attended baby swimming had an increased risk of wheeze, adjusted odds ratios (aOR) 1.24 (95% CI 1.11, 1.39), but not LRTI or otitis media. This was also the case for children without respiratory diseases before 6 months aOR 1.08 (95%CI 1.02–1.15).Conclusion: Baby swimming may be related to later wheeze. However, these findings warrant further investigation.