bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
More than fear? Brain activation patterns of dental phobic patients before and after an exposure-based treatment
Authors: Wannemueller André , Margraf Jürgen , Busch Martin , Jöhren Hans-Peter , Suchan Boris 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHyperactivation of brain networks conferring defensive mobilization is assumed to underlie inappropriate defensive-preparation in patients with Specific Phobia. However, studies targeting Dental Phobia (DP) yielded quite heterogeneous results and research concerning the effects of exposure treatments on phobic brain activation so far is missing. This functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) study aimed to investigate activation patterns in DP patients during exposure to phobia-related stimuli and the effects of an exposure-based fear treatment on phobia-related activation. Seventeen patients with DP and seventeen non-phobic, healthy controls participated in this fMRI experiment presenting dental-related and neutral auditory and visual stimuli. After completing a short exposure-based CBT program, patients were scanned a second time to illustrate treatment-related changes in brain activation patterns. Pre-treatment fMRI results demonstrate enhanced activation in DP-patients mainly in the precuneus and lateral parietal cortex. Moreover, a small activation focus was observed in the amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) as parts of classically fear-related structures. Activation in all these clusters decreased significantly from pre- to post-treatment assessment and in the case of the ACC was correlated with dental fear reduction. Activation changes in the precuneus and lateral parietal cortex suggest a pronounced first-person perspective memory processing including a vivid recall of contextual information from an egocentric perspective triggered by exposure to phobia-related stimuli. Besides a treatment-sensitive hyperactivity of fear-sensitive structures, DP may also be characterized by a disturbed memory retrieval that can be reorganized by successful exposure treatment.
Applications of biaryl cyclization in the synthesis of cyclic enkephalin analogs with a highly restricted flexibility
Authors: Różanowska Maria , Szczupaj Gabriela , Nowakowski Michał , Rajagopal Priyadharshni , Lipiński Piotr F. J. , Matalińska Joanna , Misicka Aleksandra , Lisowski Marek , Jaremko Łukasz , Jaremko Mariusz 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA series of 10 cyclic, biaryl analogs of enkephalin, with Tyr or Phe residues at positions 1 and 4, were synthesized according to the Miyaura borylation and Suzuki coupling methodology. Biaryl bridges formed by side chains of the two aromatic amino acid residues are of the meta–meta, meta–para, para–meta, and para–para configuration. Conformational properties of the peptides were studied by CD and NMR. CD studies allowed only to compare conformations of individual peptides while NMR investigations followed by XPLOR calculations provided detailed information on their conformation. Reliability of the XPLOR calculations was confirmed by quantum chemical ones performed for one of the analogs. No intramolecular hydrogen bonds were found in all the peptides. They are folded and adopt the type IV β-turn conformation. Due to a large steric strain, the aromatic carbon atoms forming the biaryl bond are distinctly pyramidalized. Seven of the peptides were tested in vitro for their affinity for the µ-opioid receptor.
„Patient-reported outcomes“ in medizinischen Registern
Authors: Singer Susanne , Bayer Oliver , Schranz Melanie , Ohler Anke , Herold Stephanie , Popow Julia , Warnke Nadine , Malm Hanna , Deuster Oliver , Kronfeld Kai , Heß Georg 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Patientenberichtete Endpunkte („patient-reported outcomes“ [PRO]) sind wichtige Zielgrößen für die Bewertung des Nutzens eines Medikaments. Für das vom Gemeinsamen Bundesausschuss (G-BA) in Deutschland neu eingeführte Instrument der Anwendungsbegleitenden Datenerhebungen (AbD) wird gefordert, dass Vergleichsdaten für PRO aus Registern zur Verfügung stehen.

Fragestellung
Wie kann es gelingen, PRO in einem europäischen Register zu implementieren?

Methode
Im Rahmen der AbD für ein CAR-T-Zell-Produkt hat das europäische Mantelzell-Lymphom-Netzwerk (European Mantle Cell Lymphoma Network, EMCL) im Herbst 2023 die Erfassung von PRO in seinem Register eingeführt. Dabei mussten Lösungen für Fragen unter anderem der Vertragsgestaltung, des Datenschutzes, der Logistik der Datenerhebung, der Arbeitsbelastung für die Zentren und des Datentransfers gefunden werden. Dieser Beitrag berichtet über die ersten Erfahrungen bei der Implementierung.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerung
Die PRO-Erfassung im Rahmen von medizinischen Registern ist möglich, aber mit hohem Aufwand verbunden. Eine Regelfinanzierung der PRO-Erfassung in Registern erscheint sinnvoll, beispielsweise im Rahmen von AbD.
Performance and limits of a geotechnical centrifuge: DEM-LBM simulations of saturated granular column collapse
Authors: Webb William , Turnbull Barbara , Leonardi Alessandro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the dynamics of granular flows in geotechnical centrifuge models, focusing on the effects of centrifugal and Coriolis accelerations. While conventional laboratory-scale investigations often rely on Froude scaling, geotechnical centrifuge modelling offers a unique advantage in incorporating stress-dependent processes that fundamentally shape flow rheology and dynamics. Using the Discrete Element Method (DEM) and the Lattice-Boltzmann Method (LBM), we simulate the collapse of a just-saturated granular column within a rotating reference frame. The model’s accuracy is validated against expected trends and physical experiments, demonstrating its strong performance in replicating idealised collapse behaviour. Acceleration effects on both macro- and grain-scale dynamics are examined through phase front and coordination number analysis, providing insight on how centrifugal and Coriolis accelerations influence flow structure and mobility. This work enhances our understanding of granular flow dynamics in geotechnical centrifuge models by introducing an interstitial pore fluid and considering multiple factors that influence flow behaviour over a wide parameter space.

Graphical abstract
Endovascular coiling versus neurosurgical clipping in the management of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage in the elderly: a multicenter cohort study
Authors: Lee Keng Siang , Siow Isabel , Yang Lily WY , Foo Aaron SC , Zhang John JY , Mathews Ian , Goh Chun Peng , Teo Colin , Nagarjun Bolem , Chen Vanessa , Lwin Sein , Teo Kejia , Low Shiong Wen , Sun Ira SY , Pang Boon Chuan , Yang Eugene WR , Yang Cunli , Gopinathan Anil , Yeo Tseng Tsai , Nga Vincent DW 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe comparability of endovascular coiling over neurosurgical clipping has not been firmly established in elderly patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH). Data were obtained from all patients with aSAH aged ≥60 across three tertiary hospitals in Singapore from 2014 to 2019. Outcome measures included modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 3 and at 6 months, and in-hospital mortality. Of the 134 patients analyzed, 84 (62.7%) underwent coiling and 50 (37.3%) underwent clipping. The endovascular group showed a higher incidence of good mRS score 0–2 at 3 months (OR = 2.45 [95%CI:1.16–5.20];p = 0.018), and a lower incidence of in-hospital mortality (OR = 0.31 [95%CI:0.10–0.91];p = 0.026). There were no significant difference between the two treatment groups in terms of good mRS score at 6 months (OR = 1.98 [95%CI:0.97–4.04];p = 0.060). There were no significant differences in the incidence of complications, such as aneurysm rebleed, delayed hydrocephalus, delayed ischemic neurological deficit and venous thromboembolism between the two treatment groups. However, fewer patients in the coiling group developed large infarcts requiring decompressive craniectomy (OR = 0.32 [95%CI:0.12–0.90];p = 0.025). Age, admission WFNS score I–III, and coiling were independent predictors of good functional outcomes at 3 months. Only age and admission WFNS score I–III remained significant predictors of good functional outcomes at 6 months. Endovascular coiling, compared with neurosurgical clipping, is associated with significantly better short term outcomes in carefully selected elderly patients with aSAH. Maximal intervention is recommended for aSAH in the young elderly age group and those with favorable WFNS scores.
Effect of cold plasma pretreatment on biodegradation of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polystyrene (PS)
Authors: Chen Chen , Taghavi Navid , Baroutian Saeid 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCold atmospheric plasma (CAP) pretreatment of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polystyrene (PS) was investigated to evaluate its effect on biodegradation. Weight and wettability measurement, surface topography, and roughness analysis were examined for physical properties evaluation. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-TR) analysis was conducted to understand the possible chemical transformation. Based on biofilm formation, the highest microbial colonisation was observed on the sample treated with CAP pretreatment + biotreatment, which was 0.56 and 0.19 (at OD 595 nm) for HDPE and PS, respectively. A biodeterioration effect characterised by weight loss and changes of hydrophobicity in which hydrophobicity reductions of 5.1 ± 0.64% and 12° ± 0.35° were observed with the pretreated HDPE within 50 days, respectively. No physical weight loss was detected in the PS sample, but significant surface corrosion was observed. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) also showed a higher surface degradation of 10 and 35% for CAP pretreated HDPE and PS incubated with microorganisms compared to virgin samples incubated in the same condition. Moreover, chemical transformation indicated a new peak (C–O) in CAP-pretreated PE samples before and after 50 days of biodegradation. The experiments with virgin HDPE and PS demonstrated a positive effect of the pretreatment on the biodegradation process.
Sex-specific differences in ICOS+ T helper cell differentiation in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with low disease activity
Authors: Wu Lisa , Kälble Florian , Lorenz Hanns-Martin , Zeier Martin , Schaier Matthias , Steinborn Andrea 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a sex biased chronic autoimmune disease affecting predominantly females during reproductive ages. Changes in the ratio of inducible costimulatory molecule (ICOS)+ regulatory (Treg) and non-regulatory responder (Tresp) CD4+ T cells proved to be crucial for the occurrence of high disease activity. Here, we investigated how the differentiation of ICOS+CD45RA+CD31+ recent thymic emigrant (RTE) Tresps into CD45RA−CD31− memory Tresps affects the percentages of ICOS+ Tresps within total CD4+ T cells. Three different pathways (pathway 1 via CD45RA−CD31+ memory Tresps, pathway 2 via direct proliferation and pathway 3 via resting mature naïve CD45RA+CD31− (MN) cells) were examined in healthy controls and SLE remission patients separated by sex. In female SLE remission patients, immunosuppressive therapy inhibited the ICOS+ RTE differentiation via CD45RA−CD31+ memory Tresps and direct proliferation, leaving an age-independently increased differentiation into CD45RA−CD31− memory Tresps by conversion of resting MN Tresps compared with healthy controls. Due to exhaustion of this pathway with age, no age-dependent change in the percentages of ICOS+ Tresps within total CD4+ T cells could be found. In contrast, no age-independently increased differentiation could be detected in men due to sufficient immunosuppression of all three pathways. This allowed an age-dependent differentiation of ICOS+ RTE Tresps into CD45RA−CD31− memory Tresps by conversion of resting MN Tresps, resulting in age-dependently increasing percentages of ICOS+ Tresps within total CD4+ T cells. We hypothesize that the sex-specific differential effect of immunosuppression on the differentiation of ICOS+ Tresps may explain the sex- and age-dependent occurrence of high disease activity.
Research progress on the multi-omics and survival status of circulating tumor cells
Authors: Xie Qingming , Liu Shilei , Zhang Sai , Liao Liqiu , Xiao Zhi , Wang Shouman , Zhang Pengfei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the dynamic process of metastasis, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) emanate from the primary solid tumor and subsequently acquire the capacity to disengage from the basement membrane, facilitating their infiltration into the vascular system via the interstitial tissue. Given the pivotal role of CTCs in the intricate hematogenous metastasis, they have emerged as an essential resource for a deeper comprehension of cancer metastasis while also serving as a cornerstone for the development of new indicators for early cancer screening and new therapeutic targets. In the epoch of precision medicine, as CTC enrichment and separation technologies continually advance and reach full fruition, the domain of CTC research has transcended the mere straightforward detection and quantification. The rapid advancement of CTC analysis platforms has presented a compelling opportunity for in-depth exploration of CTCs within the bloodstream. Here, we provide an overview of the current status and research significance of multi-omics studies on CTCs, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. These studies have contributed to uncovering the unique heterogeneity of CTCs and identifying potential metastatic targets as well as specific recognition sites. We also review the impact of various states of CTCs in the bloodstream on their metastatic potential, such as clustered CTCs, interactions with other blood components, and the phenotypic states of CTCs after undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Within this context, we also discuss the therapeutic implications and potential of CTCs.
Deep Learning Imaging Reconstruction Algorithm for Carotid Dual Energy CT Angiography: Opportunistic Evaluation of Cervical Intervertebral Discs—A Preliminary Study
Authors: Jiang Chenyu , Zhang Jingxin , Li Wenhuan , Li Yali , Ni Ming , Jin Dan , Zhang Yan , Jiang Liang , Yuan Huishu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of deep learning imaging reconstruction (DLIR) algorithm in different image sets derived from carotid dual-energy computed tomography angiography (DECTA) for evaluating cervical intervertebral discs (IVDs) and compare them with those reconstructed using adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-Veo (ASiR-V). Forty-two patients who underwent carotid DECTA were included in this retrospective analysis. Three types of image sets (70 keV, water-iodine, and water-calcium) were reconstructed using 50% ASiR-V and DLIR at medium and high levels (DLIR-M and DLIR-H). The diagnostic acceptability and conspicuity of IVDs were assessed using a 5-point scale. Hounsfield Units (HU) and water concentration (WC) values of the IVDs; standard deviation (SD); and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated. Measurement parameters of the 50% ASIR-V, DLIR-M, and DLIR-H groups were compared. The DLIR-H group showed higher scores for diagnostic acceptability and conspicuity, as well as lower SD values for HU and WC than the ASiR-V and DLIR-M groups for the 70 keV and water-iodine image sets (all p < .001). However, there was no significant difference in scores and SD among the three groups for the water-calcium image set (all p > .005). The water-calcium image set showed better diagnostic accuracy for evaluating IVDs compared to the other image sets. The inter-rater agreement using ASiR-V, DLIR-M, and DLIR-H was good for the 70 keV image set, excellent for the water-iodine and water-calcium image sets. DLIR improved the visualization of IVDs in the 70 keV and water-iodine image sets. However, its improvement on color-coded water-calcium image set was limited.
Multi-level textual-visual alignment and fusion network for multimodal aspect-based sentiment analysis
Authors: Li You , Ding Han , Lin Yuming , Feng Xinyu , Chang Liang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMultimodal Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (MABSA) is an essential task in sentiment analysis that has garnered considerable attention in recent years. Typical approaches in MABSA often utilize cross-modal Transformers to capture interactions between textual and visual modalities. However, bridging the semantic gap between modalities spaces and addressing interference from irrelevant visual objects at different scales remains challenging. To tackle these limitations, we present the Multi-level Textual-Visual Alignment and Fusion Network (MTVAF) in this work, which incorporates three auxiliary tasks. Specifically, MTVAF first transforms multi-level image information into image descriptions, facial descriptions, and optical characters. These are then concatenated with the textual input to form a textual+visual input, facilitating comprehensive alignment between visual and textual modalities. Next, both inputs are fed into an integrated text model that incorporates relevant visual representations. Dynamic attention mechanisms are employed to generate visual prompts to control cross-modal fusion. Finally, we align the probability distributions of the textual input space and the textual+visual input space, effectively reducing noise introduced during the alignment process. Experimental results on two MABSA benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed MTVAF, showcasing its superior performance compared to state-of-the-art approaches. Our codes are available at https://github.com/MKMaS-GUET/MTVAF.
A new definition for feature selection stability analysis
Authors: Lazebnik Teddy , Rosenfeld Avi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFeature selection (FS) stability is an important topic of recent interest. Finding stable features is important for creating reliable, non-overfitted feature sets, which in turn can be used to generate machine learning models with better accuracy and explanations and are less prone to adversarial attacks. There are currently several definitions of FS stability that are widely used. In this paper, we demonstrate that existing stability metrics fail to quantify certain key elements of many datasets such as resilience to data drift or non-uniformly distributed missing values. To address this shortcoming, we propose a new definition for FS stability inspired by Lyapunov stability in dynamic systems. We show the proposed definition is statistically different from the classical record-stability on ($$n=90$$

n
=
90

) datasets. We present the advantages and disadvantages of using Lyapunov and other stability definitions and demonstrate three scenarios in which each one of the three proposed stability metrics is best suited.
Prognostic value of visual and quantitative CMR regional myocardial function in patients with suspected myocarditis
Authors: Bernhard Benedikt , Joss Philippe , Greisser Noah , Stark Anselm W. , Schütze Jonathan , Shiri Isaac , Safarkhanlo Yasaman , Fischer Kady , Guensch Dominik P. , Bastiaansen Jessica A. M. , Pavlicek Maryam , Benz Dominik C. , Kwong Raymond Y. , Gräni Christoph 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAccording to updated Lake-Louise Criteria, impaired regional myocardial function serves as a supportive criterion in diagnosing myocarditis. This study aimed to assess visual regional wall motional abnormalities (RWMA) and novel quantitative regional longitudinal peak strain (RLS) for risk stratification in the clinical setting of myocarditis. In patients undergoing CMR and meeting clinical criteria for suspected myocarditis global longitudinal strain (GLS), late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), RWMA and RLS were assessed in the anterior, septal, inferior, and lateral regions and correlated to the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), including heart failure hospitalization, sustained ventricular tachycardia, recurrent myocarditis, and all-cause death. In 690 consecutive patients (age: 48.0 ± 16.0 years; 37.7% female) with suspected myocarditis impaired RLS was correlated with RWMA and LV-GLS but not with the presence of LGE. At median follow up of 3.8 years, MACE occurred in 116 (16.8%) patients. Both, RWMA and RLS in anterior-, septal-, inferior-, and lateral- locations were univariately associated with outcomes (all p < 0.001), but not after adjusting for clinical characteristics and LV-GLS. In the subgroup of patients with normal LV function, RWMA were not predictive of outcomes, whereas septal RLS had incremental and independent prognostic value over clinical characteristics (HRadjusted = 1.132, 95% CI 1.020–1.256; p = 0.020). RWMA and RLS can be used to assess regional impairment of myocardial function in myocarditis but are of limited prognostic value in the overall population. However, in the subgroup of patients with normal LV function, septal RLS represents a distinctive marker of regional LV dysfunction, offering potential for risk-stratification.
Graphical abstract
CI: confidence interval, CMR: cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, HR: hazard ratio, MACE major adverse cardiovascular events
Prevalence and Correlates of Depressive and Generalised Anxiety Symptoms Among Female Adolescents in Nepal: Results of a Cross-sectional National Population-Based Survey in 2022
Authors: Peltzer Karl , Pengpid Supa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of major depressive disorder symptoms (MDDs) and generalized anxiety disorder symptoms (GADs) among female adolescents in Nepal. In a national cross-sectional population-based survey of female adolescents (N = 1379; 15–19 years) in Nepal, MDDs was assessed with the PHQ-9 and GADs with the GAD-7. Logistic and Poisson regression were used to estimate predictors of MDDs and GADs. The prevalence of MDDs was 7.8% (4.5% with a cut-off of ≥ 10 scores), and the prevalence of GADs was 13.4% (5.6% with a cut-off of ≥ 10 scores). In multivariable models, older age (17–19 years), higher education, greater wealth status, poor self-rated health status, genital sore or ulcer, currently pregnant, pregnancy loss, alcohol use, and early sexual debut were positively associated with MDDs and/or MDD scores. Older age, greater wealth status, living in the Terai region, poor self-rated health status, current alcohol use, pregnancy loss, big problem with getting permission for medical help were positively associated with GADs and/or GAD scores. About one in ten female adolescents report MDDs or GADs, and several associated factors were identified which can be targeted in mental health interventions in this population.