bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduction Potential Shifts Due to Active Site and Surface Mutations of Yeast Cytochrome c Peroxidase
Authors: DiCarlo Cory M. , Vitello Lidia , Erman James 
Published: September 2007

Twenty two reduction potentials of yeast cytochrome c peroxidase (CcP) mutants were determined at pH 7.0 in order to determine the effect of both surface and heme pocket mutations on the Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple of CcP, as well as to determine redox potential range that could be obtained through enzyme point mutations. The mutations include variants in the distal and proximal heme pockets as well as on the enzyme surface and involve single, double, and triple point mutations. Compared to the reduction potential of the wild- type enzeme, both negative and positive shifts in the reduction potential were observed, spanning a range of 113 mV. The His-52→Asn mutation gave the most negative potential, -259 mV, while a triple mutant in which the three distal pocket residues, Arg-48, Trp-51, and His-52, were all converted to	leucine residues gave the most positive potential, -146 mV.
Improving Capacity and Thermal Degradation Characteristics of Li/(CFx)n Cells using Anion Binding Agent in the Electrolyte
Authors: Nagasubramanian G. 
Published: September 2007

At Sandia National Laboratories we are exploring ways to improving capacity and the thermal degradation characteristics of Li/(CFx)n cells. We prepared (CFx)n electrodes with two different thicknesses and tested them in coin cells in conventional organic electrolytes and in Sandia developed electrolyte containing LiF complexed with an anion-binding- agent (ABA) as Li salt. Both the delivered capacity and the thermal characteristics of the thicker electrodes (15 mils thick) that have Teflon as binder are better in ABA containing electrolyte. For example, 2016 coin cells containing ABA and LiF (despite low conductivity) showed ~ 10% higher capacity than those containing the highly conductive electrolyte (HCE).	Similar trend was observed for cells aged 4 days at 80oC and tested at 25oC. However, with thinner electrodes (1.5 -2 mil thick) that have PVDF as binder the delivered capacity was similar in the different electrolytes but the thermal behavior is better in ABA containing electrolyte
Parameter Effects for the Growth of Thin Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxides
Authors: Yim Setha , Bonhote Christian , Lille Jeffrey , Wu Tsai-Wei 
Published: September 2007

Production of porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) films from 100 nm evaporated aluminum (on silicon) was studied in order to determine the effects of voltage, temperature and acid concentration on the diameter, interpore distance, and long-range order of the holes.	The largest change observed was found in the voltage experiments using concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4), where the voltage was varied from 10-60V. Pores were produced even at low voltages with 30 nm interpore distance. This aforementioned arrangement has allowed for the smallest AAO pores to be found in any such experiment to date.
Identification of Allylamine and Allylalcohol Adsorbate on Hydrogen-terminated Si(111)
Authors: Yamada Taro , Yokomori Ryo , Shirasaka Kaoru , Kato Hiroyuki S. , Kawai Maki 
Published: September 2007

The adsorbates formed by ultraviolet photo-assisted adsorption of allylamine (CH2=CHCH2-NH2) and allylalcohol (CH2=CHCH2- OH) on hydrogen-terminated Si(111) surfaces were examined by vibrational analysis using high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS).	The spectra exhibit the stretching signals for N-H and O-H, indicating the survival of functional groups -NH2 and -OH within the precursor molecules on the adsorbed layers. For the allylamine adsorbate, delivery of gaseous ketene (CH2=C=O) resulted in formation of amide (CH3CONH-) adsorbate. The allylamine adsorbate was evidently functional for peptide-bond formation. These monolayers are prospective materials for usage in nanometer-scale fabrication, chemical functionalization and biochemical analysis.
Gender Influences [Ca2+]iDuring Metabolic Inhibition in Myocytes Overexpressing the Na+-Ca2+Exchanger
Authors: Sugishita Kazuro , Su Zhi , Li Fenghua , Philipson Kenneth D. , Barry William H. 
Published: September 2007

BackgroundThe Na+-Ca2+exchanger (NCX) may contribute to Ca2+overload and injury in ischemic cardiomyocytes. Recently, NCX overexpression was reported to increase ischemia/reperfusion injury in male and oophorectomized female but not in female mice. We therefore measured the effects of gender and estrogen on [Ca2+]iand [Na+]iduring metabolic inhibition (MI) in myocytes from wild-type (WT) and transgenic (TG) mice overexpressing NCX.Methods and ResultsFlow cytometry was used with fluo 3 for [Ca2+]iand sodium green for [Na+]imeasurements. Male TG mouse myocytes had higher [Ca2+]iafter 30 minutes of MI (1086±160 nmol/L, n=8) than male WT (688±104 nmol/L, n=9,P=0.01). The increase in [Ca2+]iduring MI induced by NCX overexpression in female myocytes was not significant, however (TG 552±62 nmol/L, n=9; WT 426±44 nmol/L, n=7). The magnitude of rise in [Ca2+]iduring MI was greater in male than female myocytes. KB-R7943, an NCX inhibitor, abolished the effect of NCX overexpression but did not totally eliminate the effect of gender on [Ca2+]iduring MI. NCX current density and basal Na+pump function were not influenced by gender. The rise in [Na+]iduring MI was greater in male than in female myocytes. Estrogen attenuated the increase in [Ca2+]iand [Na+]iin male myocytes during MI and abolished the gender difference in [Na+]iduring MI.ConclusionsIncreased expression of NCX results in a more marked rise in [Ca2+]iduring MI in male than in female mouse myocytes. This gender difference appears to be mediated in part by an inhibitory effect of estrogen on the rise in [Na+]i, an NCX modifier, during MI.
In Vivo Myocardial Protection From Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by the Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-γ Agonist Rosiglitazone
Authors: Yue Tian-li , Chen Jun , Bao Weike , Narayanan Padma K. , Bril Antoine , Jiang Wen , Lysko Paul G. , Gu Juan-Li , Boyce Rogely , Zimmerman Dawn M. , Hart Timothy K. , Buckingham Robin E. , Ohlstein Eliot H. 
Published: September 2007

BackgroundDiabetes is associated with increased risk of mortality as a consequence of acute myocardial infarction. This study determined whether rosiglitazone (ROSI) could reduce myocardial infarction after ischemia/reperfusion injury.Methods and ResultsMale Lewis rats were anesthetized, and the left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated for 30 minutes. After reperfusion for 24 hours, the ischemic and infarct sizes were determined. ROSI at 1 and 3 mg/kg IV reduced infarct size by 30% and 37%, respectively (P<0.01 versus vehicle). Pretreatment with ROSI (3 mg · kg−1· d−1PO) for 7 days also reduced infarct size by 24% (P<0.01). ROSI also improved ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial contractile dysfunction. Left ventricular systolic pressure and positive and negative maximal values of the first derivative of left ventricular pressure (dP/dt) were significantly improved in ROSI-treated rats. ROSI reduced the accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages in the ischemic heart by 40% and 43%, respectively (P<0.01). Ischemia/reperfusion induced upregulation of CD11b/CD18 and downregulation of L-selectin on neutrophils and monocytes; these effects were significantly attenuated in ROSI-treated animals. Likewise, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in ischemic hearts was markedly diminished by ROSI, as was the ischemia/reperfusion-stimulated upregulation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1.ConclusionsROSI reduced myocardial infarction and improved contractile dysfunction caused by ischemia/reperfusion injury. The cardioprotective effect of ROSI was most likely due to inhibition of the inflammatory response.
Geoelectric Monitoring of Wind-Driven Barotropic Transports in the Baltic Sea
Authors: Nilsson Jenny A. U. , Sigray Peter , Tyler Robert H. 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
The possibility of using data from a cable-based observational system for long-term monitoring of barotropic flow in the Baltic Sea was investigated. Measurements were made of the induced potential differences between Visby on the island of Gotland and Västervik on the Swedish mainland and a yearlong period was studied in order to ensure the presence of seasonal fluctuations. The predictions from a 2D electric-potential model, forced by velocity fields from a shallow-water circulation model, proved to be well correlated with the observations. A winter and a summer period were selected for a thorough analysis, the results of which indicated a stronger correlation during winter. This implies that the relative importance of the barotropic forcing tends to weaken during summer. The spatial coverage of the induced potential differences for the cable region was found to encompass a considerable part of the Baltic proper. The correlation study indicated that the winter circulation in the Baltic proper showed “broad-scale” motion, whereas summer conditions were characterized by a barotropic gyre. An overall result of the investigation is that geoelectric monitoring is capable of providing useful data for oceanographic purposes.
Assessing NOAA-16 HIRS Radiance Accuracy Using Simultaneous Nadir Overpass Observations from AIRS
Authors: Wang Likun , Cao Changyong , Ciren Pubu 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
The High-Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder (HIRS) has been carried on NOAA satellites for more than two decades, and the HIRS data have been widely used for geophysical retrievals, climate studies, and radiance assimilation for numerical weather prediction models. However, given the legacy of the filter-wheel radiometer originally designed in the 1970s, the HIRS measurement accuracy is neither well documented nor well understood, despite the importance of this information for data users, instrument manufacturers, and calibration scientists. The advent of hyperspectral sounders, such as the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), and intersatellite calibration techniques makes it possible to independently assess the accuracy of the HIRS radiances. This study independently assesses the data quality and calibration accuracy of HIRS by comparing the radiances between HIRS on NOAA-16 and AIRS on Aqua with simultaneous nadir overpass (SNO) observations for the year 2004. The results suggest that the HIRS radiometric bias relative to the AIRS-convolved HIRS radiance is on the order of ∼0.5 K, except channel 16, which has a bias of 0.8 K. For all eight spectrally overlapped channels, the observations by HIRS are warmer than the corresponding AIRS-convolved HIRS channel. Other than channel 16, the biases are temperature dependent. The root causes of the bias can be traced to a combination of the HIRS blackbody emissivity, nonlinearity, and spectral uncertainties. This study further demonstrates the utility of high-spectral-resolution radiance measurements for high-accuracy assessments of broadband radiometer calibration with the SNO observations.
A Marine Radar Wind Sensor
Authors: Dankert Heiko , Horstmann Jochen 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA new method for retrieving the wind vector from radar-image sequences is presented. This method, called WiRAR, uses a marine X-band radar to analyze the backscatter of the ocean surface in space and time with respect to surface winds. Wind direction is found using wind-induced streaks, which are very well aligned with the mean surface wind direction and have a typical spacing above 50 m. Wind speeds are derived using a neural network by parameterizing the relationship between the wind vector and the normalized radar cross section (NRCS). To improve performance, it is also considered how the NRCS depends on sea state and atmospheric parameters such as air–sea temperature and humidity. Since the signal-to-noise ratio in the radar sequences is directly related to the significant wave height, this ratio is used to obtain sea state parameters. All radar datasets were acquired in the German Bight of the North Sea from the research platform FINO-I, which provides environmental data such as wind measurements at different heights, sea state, air–sea temperatures, humidity, and other meteorological and oceanographic parameters. The radar-image sequences were recorded by a marine X-band radar installed aboard FINO-I, which operates at grazing incidence and horizontal polarization in transmit and receive. For validation WiRAR is applied to the radar data and compared to the in situ wind measurements from FINO-I. The comparison of wind directions resulted in a correlation coefficient of 0.99 with a standard deviation of 12.8°, and that of wind speeds resulted in a correlation coefficient of 0.99 with a standard deviation of 0.41 m s−1. In contrast to traditional offshore wind sensors, the retrieval of the wind vector from the NRCS of the ocean surface makes the system independent of the sensors’ motion and installation height as well as the effects due to platform-induced turbulence.
Hundholmenite-(Y) from Norway – a new mineral species in the vicanite group:
descriptive data and crystal structure
Authors: Raade G. , Johnsen O. , Erambert M. , Petersen O. V. 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
Hundholmenite-(Y) occurs as pale brown, subhedral crystals up to 1 mm across,
embedded in REE–bearing fluorite, in a granitic
pegmatite at Hundholmen, Tysfjord, Nordland County, north Norway. Two other
occurrences in the same area are the granitic pegmatites at Stetind and
Lagmannsvik. The simplified formula, obtained from wavelength-dispersive EMP
analyses and boron determination by ICP-AES, is
(Y,REE,Ca,Na)15(Al,Fe3+)CaxAs1–x3+
(Si,As5+)Si6B3(O,F)48
(x = 0.78). The mineral is trigonal, R3m, with a =
10.675(6), c = 27.02(2) Å , V = 2667(5) Å 3, Z = 3. The
crystal structure was refined to R1 = 0.037 for 1720
observed reflections. Hundholmenite-(Y) is isostructural with okanoganite-(Y) and
vicanite-(Ce), and the differences in site populations are discussed. The
strongest seven reflections of the X-ray powder-diffraction pattern
[dobs in Å , (I)
(hkl)] are: 4.38 (33) (202), 3.114 (43) (214), 2.972
(100) (027), 2.947 (76) (125), 2.924 (66) (303, 033), 2.681 (36) (220) and 1.978
(37) (235). The mineral is optically uniaxial (–) with o 1.7578(5) and e
1.7487(5). The Mohs hardness is ~5–6; Dcalc = 5.206(9)
g/cm3.
Anti-CS1 humanized monoclonal antibody HuLuc63 inhibits myeloma cell adhesion and induces antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in the bone marrow milieu
Authors: Tai Yu-Tzu , Dillon Myles , Song Weihua , Leiba Merav , Li Xian-Feng , Burger Peter , Lee Alfred I. , Podar Klaus , Hideshima Teru , Rice Audie G. , van Abbema Anne , Jesaitis Lynne , Caras Ingrid , Law Debbie , Weller Edie , Xie Wanling , Richardson Paul , Munshi Nikhil C. , Mathiot Claire , Avet-Loiseau Hervé , Afar Daniel E. H. , Anderson Kenneth C. 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
Currently, no approved monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies exist for human multiple myeloma (MM). Here we characterized cell surface CS1 as a novel MM antigen and further investigated the potential therapeutic utility of HuLuc63, a humanized anti-CS1 mAb, for treating human MM. CS1 mRNA and protein was highly expressed in CD138-purified primary tumor cells from the majority of MM patients (more than 97%) with low levels of circulating CS1 detectable in MM patient sera, but not in healthy donors. CS1 was expressed at adhesion-promoting uropod membranes of polarized MM cells, and short interfering RNA (siRNA) targeted to CS1 inhibited MM cell adhesion to bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). HuLuc63 inhibited MM cell binding to BMSCs and induced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against MM cells in dose-dependent and CS1-specific manners. HuLuc63 triggered autologous ADCC against primary MM cells resistant to conventional or novel therapies, including bortezomib and HSP90 inhibitor; and pretreatment with conventional or novel anti-MM drugs markedly enhanced HuLuc63-induced MM cell lysis. Administration of HuLuc63 significantly induces tumor regression in multiple xenograft models of human MM. These results thus define the functional significance of CS1 in MM and provide the preclinical rationale for testing HuLuc63 in clinical trials, either alone or in combination.
Characterizing partial AZFc deletions of the Y chromosome with amplicon-specific sequence markers
Authors: Navarro-Costa Paulo , Pereira Luísa , Alves Cíntia , Gusmão Leonor , Proença Carmen , Marques-Vidal Pedro , Rocha Tiago , Correia Sónia C , Jorge Sónia , Neves António , Soares Ana P , Nunes Joaquim , Calhaz-Jorge Carlos , Amorim António , Plancha Carlos E , Gonçalves João 
Published: September 2007

Abstract

Background
The AZFc region of the human Y chromosome is a highly recombinogenic locus containing multi-copy male fertility genes located in repeated DNA blocks (amplicons). These AZFc gene families exhibit slight sequence variations between copies which are considered to have functional relevance. Yet, partial AZFc deletions yield phenotypes ranging from normospermia to azoospermia, thwarting definite conclusions on their real impact on fertility.

Results
The amplicon content of partial AZFc deletion products was characterized with novel amplicon-specific sequence markers. Data indicate that partial AZFc deletions are a male infertility risk [odds ratio: 5.6 (95% CI: 1.6–30.1)] and although high diversity of partial deletion products and sequence conversion profiles were recorded, the AZFc marker profiles detected in fertile men were also observed in infertile men. Additionally, the assessment of rearrangement recurrence by Y-lineage analysis indicated that while partial AZFc deletions occurred in highly diverse samples, haplotype diversity was minimal in fertile men sharing identical marker profiles.

Conclusion
Although partial AZFc deletion products are highly heterogeneous in terms of amplicon content, this plasticity is not sufficient to account for the observed phenotypical variance. The lack of causative association between the deletion of specific gene copies and infertility suggests that AZFc gene content might be part of a multifactorial network, with Y-lineage evolution emerging as a possible phenotype modulator.
Single nucleotide polymorphism-based genome-wide linkage analysis in Japanese atopic dermatitis families
Authors: Enomoto Hisako , Noguchi Emiko , Iijima Shigeruko , Takahashi Takenori , Hayakawa Kazuhito , Ito Mikako , Kano Toshiyuki , Aoki Takeshi , Suzuki Yoichi , Koga Minori , Tamari Mayumi , Shiohara Tetsuo , Otsuka Fujio , Arinami Tadao 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis develops as a result of complex interactions between several genetic and environmental factors. To date, 4 genome-wide linkage studies of atopic dermatitis have been performed in Caucasian populations, however, similar studies have not been done in Asian populations. The aim of this study was to identify chromosome regions linked to atopic dermatitis in a Japanese population.MethodsWe used a high-density, single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping assay, the Illumina BeadArray Linkage Mapping Panel (version 4) comprising 5,861 single nucleotide polymorphisms, to perform a genome-wide linkage analysis of 77 Japanese families with 111 affected sib-pairs with atopic dermatitis.ResultsWe found suggestive evidence for linkage with 15q21 (LOD = 2.01, NPL = 2.87,P= .0012) and weak linkage to 1q24 (LOD = 1.26, NPL = 2.44,P= .008).ConclusionWe report the first genome-wide linkage study of atopic dermatitis in an Asian population, and novel loci on chromosomes 15q21 and 1q24 linked to atopic dermatitis. Identification of novel causative genes for atopic dermatitis will advance our understanding of the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis.
Hospital quality reports in Germany: patient and physician opinion of the reported quality indicators
Authors: Geraedts Max , Schwartze David , Molzahn Tanja 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
Background
Starting in 2005, Germany's health law required hospital quality reports to be published every two years by all acute care hospitals. The reports were intended to help patients and physicians make informed choices of hospitals. However, while establishing the quality indicators that form the content of the reports, the information needs of the target groups were not explicitly taken into account. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine patient and physician opinion of the relevance of the reported quality indicators for choosing or referring to a hospital.

Methods
Convenience samples of 50 patients and 50 physicians were asked to rate the understandability (patients), suitability (physicians) and relevance (both groups) of a set of 29 quality indicators. The set was drawn from the reports (24 indicators) and supplemented by five indicators commonly used in hospital quality reports. We analysed the differences in patient and physician ratings of relevance of all indicators by applying descriptive statistics, t-tests and Wilcoxon tests.

Results
Only three indicators were considered not understandable by the interviewed patients and unsuitable by the interviewed physicians. The patients rated 19 indicators as highly or very relevant, whereas the physicians chose 15 indicators. The most relevant indicator for the patients was "qualification of doctors", and for the physicians "volume of specified surgical procedures". Patient and physician rankings of individual indicators differed for 25 indicators. However, three groups of indicators could be differentiated, in which the relevance ratings of patients and physicians differed only within the groups. Four of the five indicators that were added to the existing set of reported indicators ranked in the first or second group ("kindness of staff", "patient satisfaction", "recommendation", and "distance to place of living").

Conclusion
Most of the content of Germany's hospital quality reports seems to be useful for patients and physicians and influence their choice of hospitals. However, the target groups revealed that approximately one third of the indicators (mostly hospital structural characteristics), were not useful and hence could have been omitted from the reports. To enhance the usefulness of the reports, indicators on patient experiences should be added.
Characterization of the invariable residue 51 mutations of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 capsid protein on in vitro CA assembly and infectivity
Authors: Abdurahman Samir , Youssefi Masoud , Höglund Stefan , Vahlne Anders 
Published: September 2007

Abstract

Background
The mature HIV-1 conical core formation proceeds through highly regulated protease cleavage of the Gag precursor, which ultimately leads to substantial rearrangements of the capsid (CAp24) molecule involving both inter- and intra-molecular contacts of the CAp24 molecules. In this aspect, Asp51 which is located in the N-terminal domain of HIV-1 CAp24 plays an important role by forming a salt-bridge with the free imino terminus Pro1 following proteolytic cleavage and liberation of the CAp24 protein from the Pr55Gag precursor. Thus, previous substitution mutation of Asp51 to alanine (D51A) has shown to be lethal and that this invariable residue was found essential for tube formation in vitro, virus replication and virus capsid formation.

Results
We extended the above investigation by introducing three different D51 substitution mutations (D51N, D51E, and D51Q) into both prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems and studied their effects on in vitro capsid assembly and virus infectivity. Two substitution mutations (D51E and D51N) had no substantial effect on in vitro capsid assembly, yet they impaired viral infectivity and particle production. In contrast, the D51Q mutant was defective both for in vitro capsid assembly and for virus replication in cell culture.

Conclusion
These results show that substitutions of D51 with glutamate, glutamine, or asparagine, three amino acid residues that are structurally related to aspartate, could partially rescue both in vitro capsid assembly and intra-cellular CAp24 production but not replication of the virus in cultured cells.