bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conducting property of carbon black filled poly(ethylene glycol)/poly(methyl methacrylate) composites as gas‐sensing materials
Authors: Dong Xian Ming , Luo Ying , Xie Li Na , Zhang Shu Ting , Zhang Yong Ce , Zheng Xiao Li 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTo reveal the role of crystalline polymers in carbon black (CB) filled amorphous polymer composites and improve the mechanical properties of composite films, CB/poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) composites were synthesized by polymerization filling in this work. The electrical conductive property and response to organic solvent vapors of the composites were investigated. The composites, characterized by a relatively low percolation threshold (∼ 2.1 wt %), had lower resistivity than CB/PMMA composites prepared with the same method because of the different dispersion status of CB particles in the matrix polymer. The concentration and molecular weight of PEG notably influenced the electrical response of the composites against organic vapors. The drastic increase in the electrical resistance of the composites in various organic vapors could be attributed mainly to the swelling of the amorphous polymer matrix in the solvent but not to that of the crystalline polymer. These findings could help us to understand the conductive mechanism and electrical response mechanism of the composites as promising gas‐sensing materials. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008
Preparation and adsorption properties of chitosan–poly(acrylic acid) nanoparticles for the removal of nickel ions
Authors: Wang Jian‐Wen , Kuo Yi‐Ming 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChitosan (CS) nanoparticles with different mean sizes ranging from 100 to 195 nm were prepared by ionic gelation of CS and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). Variations in the final solution pH value and CS : PAA volume ratio were examined systematically for their effects on nanoparticle size, intensity of surface charge, and tendency toward particle aggregation. The sorption capacity and sorption isotherms of the CS–PAA nanoparticles for nickel ions were evaluated. The parameters for the adsorption of nickel ions by the CS–PAA nanoparticles were also investigated. The CS–PAA nanoparticles could sorb nickel ions effectively. The sorption rate for nickel ions was affected significantly by the initial concentration of the solution, sorbent amount, particle size, and pH value of the solution. The samples of nanoparticles were well correlated with Langmuir's isotherm model, and the adsorption kinetics of nickel correlated well with the pseudo‐second‐order model. The maximum capacity for nickel sorption deduced from the use of the Langmuir isotherm equation was 435 mg/g, which was significantly higher than that of the micrometer‐sized CS. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008
Composites of poly(2‐chloroaniline) and poly(o‐toluidine) with pumice and their application in the removal of chromium(VI) ions from aqueous solutions
Authors: Gök Ayşegül Uygun , Göde Fethiye 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPoly(2‐chloroaniline) (P2ClAn)/pumice (Pmc) and poly(o‐toluidine) (POT)/Pmc composites were synthesized via the chemical oxidative polymerization of 2‐chloroaniline and o‐toluidine in the presence of a dispersion of Pmc powders in water solvent with an (NH4)2S2O8 oxidant. The composites were characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermo‐gravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG‐DTA), and scanning electron microscopy devices. The presence of P2ClAn and POT in the structure of the composites was confirmed by FTIR. Theresults of analysis show strong interactions between the homopolymers and Pmc. The applicability of the P2ClAn/Pmc and POT/Pmc composites were investigated for the removal of Cr(VI) ions in water. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out as a function of pH, initial concentration, time, adsorbent dosage, and temperature. The batch sorption kinetics were tested, and the applicability of the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms for this system was tested at 20 ± 1°C. An initial pH of 3.0 was most favorable for Cr(VI) removal by all adsorbents. The adsorption capacities obtained were 0.187 and 4.959 mmol/g of adsorbent for POT/Pmc and P2ClAn/Pmc from the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms, respectively. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008
Evaluating a news‐aware quantitative trader: The effect of momentum and contrarian stock selection strategies
Authors: Schumaker Robert P. , Chen Hsinchun 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe study the coupling of basic quantitative portfolio selection strategies with a financial news article prediction system, AZFinText. By varying the degrees of portfolio formation time, we found that a hybrid system using both quantitative strategy and a full set of financial news articles performed the best. With a 1‐week portfolio formation period, we achieved a 20.79% trading return using a Momentum strategy and a 4.54% return using a Contrarian strategy over a 5‐week holding period. We also found that trader overreaction to these events led AZFinText to capitalize on these short‐term surges in price.
Caveats for the use of citation indicators in research and journal evaluations
Authors: Leydesdorff Loet 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAging of publications, percentage of self‐citations, and impact vary from journal to journal within fields of science. The assumption that citation and publication practices are homogenous within specialties and fields of science is invalid. Furthermore, the delineation of fields and among specialties is fuzzy. Institutional units of analysis and persons may move between fields or span different specialties. The match between the citation index and institutional profiles varies among institutional units and nations. The respective matches may heavily affect the representation of the units. Non‐Institute of Scientific Information (ISI) journals are increasingly cornered into “transdisciplinary” Mode‐2 functions with the exception of specialist journals publishing in languages other than English. An “externally cited impact factor” can be calculated for these journals. The citation impact of non‐ISI journals will be demonstrated using Science and Public Policy as the example.
Ruin probabilities of small noise jump‐diffusions with heavy tails
Authors: Pavlyukevich Ilya 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLet Xε(x) be a solution of a stochastic differential equation ${\rm d} X^{\varepsilon}_{t} = f{(X_{t}^{\varepsilon})}{\rm d}t+\varepsilon {\rm d}L_t, \, X_{0}^{\varepsilon} (x) = x > 0, \, t\epsilon {[0,1]}$, where L is a Lévy process with heavy tails. In the limit of the scale parameter ε ↓ 0 we determine the finite horizon ruin probability P$({\rm inf}_{t\epsilon{[0,1]}} X_{t}^{\varepsilon} (x) < 0)$. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An optimization problem of manufacturing systems with stochastic machine breakdown and rework process
Authors: Chiu Singa Wang 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper is concerned with optimization of production run time that takes stochastic breakdown and the reworking of defective items into consideration. In a real‐life manufacturing process, production of imperfect quality items as well as random breakdowns of production equipment is inevitable. All defective items produced are assumed to be repairable through a rework process right after the regular production stops in each cycle. This research starts with derivations of the cost functions for production systems with breakdown (no‐resumption policy is considered) and without breakdown taking place, respectively. Then cost functions of both cases are integrated. Theorems on conditional convexity of the overall cost function and bounds for optimal production run time are proposed and proved. This study concludes that although the optimal run time cannot be expressed in a closed form, it falls within the range of bounds. Hence, it can be pinpointed by the use of the bisection method based on the intermediate value theorem. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate its practical usages. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Single Miller capacitor frequency compensation with nulling resistor for three‐stage amplifiers
Authors: Cannizzaro S. O. , Grasso A. D. , Palumbo G. , Pennisi S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA frequency compensation technique for three‐stage amplifiers is introduced. The proposed solution exploits only one Miller capacitor and a resistor in the compensation network. The straightness of the technique is used to design, using a standard CMOS 0.35‐µm process, a 1.5‐V OTA driving a 150‐pF load capacitor. The dc consumption is about 14µA at DC and a 1.8‐MHz gain–bandwidth product is obtained, providing significant improvement in both (MHzpF)/mA and ((V/µs)pF)/mA performance parameters. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Conditional transgene expression mediated by the mouse β‐actin locus
Authors: Jägle Ulrike , Gasser Jürg A. , Müller Matthias , Kinzel Bernd 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTransgenic mice are an effective model to study gene function in vivo; however, position effects can complicate tissue‐specific transgene analysis. To facilitate precise targeting of a transgenic construct into the mouse genome, we combined the Cre/lox and Flp/FRT recombination systems to allow for rapid transgene replacement and conditional transgene expression from the endogenous β‐actin locus. Flp/FRT recombination was used to rapidly exchange FRT‐flanked transgene cassettes by recombinase‐mediated cassette exchange in embryonic stem cells, while transgene expression can be activated in mice after Cre‐mediated excision of a floxed STOP cassette. To validate our system, we analyzed the expression profile of an EGFP reporter gene after integration into the β‐actin locus and Cre‐mediated excision of the floxed STOP cassette. Breeding of EGFP reporter mice with various Cre mouse lines resulted in the expected expression profiles, demonstrating the feasibility of the model to facilitate predictable and strong transgene expression in a spatially and temporally controlled manner. genesis 45:659–666, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fate map of serotonin transporter‐expressing cells in developing mouse heart
Authors: Pavone Luigi Michele , Mithbaokar Pratibha , Mastellone Vincenzo , Avallone Luigi , Gaspar Patricia , Maharajan Veeramani , Baldini Antonio 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSerotonin regulates cardiovascular functions during embryogenesis and adulthood. However, the source of serotonin in the cardiovascular system and the role of circulating serotonin and serotonin transporter (SERT) in the regulation of cardiovascular functions are still unclear. We used a cell fate approach to map the regions of the mouse heart expressing SERT, utilizing a Cre/loxP system driven by SERT gene expression. Cell labelling was first detected at E10.5 and was mapped until E18.5. We found labelling in the outflow tract, part of right ventricle and to a very limited extent in the left ventricle. Interestingly, the distribution pattern of SERT‐fated cells was remarkably similar to that obtained with markers of the second heart field lineage. In addition, we observed staining of atrioventricular valves, consistent with valvular abnormalities observed in SERT‐/‐animals. Overall, our data reveal specific and regionally restricted distribution of SERT‐expressing cells in the developing heart of mouse. genesis 45:689–695, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cellular features of the extra‐embryonic endoderm during elongation in the ovine conceptus
Authors: Fléchon Jacques‐E. , Fléchon Bernadette , Degrouard Jeril , Guillomot Michel 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe extraembryonic endoderm of the elongating ovine conceptus was analyzed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy and by whole mount actin staining and immunofluorescence. Morphological and functional differences between the visceral endoderm (VE), the founding cell layer, and the parietal endoderm (PE) are presented. During the elongation process, the PE differentiated to fusiform multinucleated cells aligned parallel to the elongation axis of the conceptus, whereas the VE cells retained the aspect of typical epithelial cells. The multinucleated PE cells however, expressed cellular and nuclear markers typical of endodermal and polarized epithelial cells. The proteins of the extracellular matrix, laminin, and fibronectin, were specifically expressed in the PE. The presence of pairs of nuclei linked by mid‐bodies positively stained with tubulin antibodies, indicated that the syncytial differentiation of the PE was due to karyokinesis which was not followed by cytokinesis rather than by cell fusion. genesis 45:709–715, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Targeted disruption of Mib2 causes exencephaly with a variable penetrance
Authors: Wu Jiang I. , Rajendra Rashmi , Barsi Julius C. , Durfee Larissa , Benito Eva , Gao Guang , Kuruvilla Mariam , Hrdličková Radmila , Liss Andrew S. , Artzt Karen 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMib1 and Mib2 ubiquitin ligases are very similar in their domain construction. They partake in the Notch signaling pathway by ubiquitinating the Notch receptors Delta and Jagged prior to endocytosis. We have created a targeted mutation of Mib2 and show that its phenotype is a variable penetrance, failure to close the cranial neural tube. The penetrance depends on the genetic background but it appears that Mib2 is not completely essential in mouse development. genesis 45:722–727, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence of water and ion diffusion on generation and progress of bow‐tie tree
Authors: Kumazawa Takao , Nakagawa Wataru , Tsurumaru Hidekazu 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBow‐tie tree (BTT) generated from contaminant, such as metal, carbon, amber (overcured resin) or void is a deterioration factor of XLPE cable. In particular, BTT in contact with inner or outer semiconductive shield could significantly lower residual AC breakdown voltage of HV power cables. To evaluate the influence of water and ion diffusion on generation and progress of BTT, we investigated the relationship between water content of XLPE and the generation of BTT under various accelerated aging conditions. The number of BTT in XLPE samples with accelerated aging under the open condition, involving evaporation of water in which samples were immersed, was very large compared with the closed condition. Furthermore, when samples were intermittently immersed in water, the number of BTT in samples was large compared with samples immersed continuously. In these experiments the generation of BTT seemed to have nothing to do with changes in water content before and after accelerated aging. Therefore, it was suggested that diffusion of ions rather than water in XLPE played an important role in the generation of BTT. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 162(3): 9–16, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20413
Ultralow‐power CMOS/SOI circuit technology
Authors: Kado Yuichi , Douseki Takakuni , Matsuya Yasuyuki , Tsukahara Tsuneo 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe have introduced an example of a system that embodies the concept of a ubiquitous communication service and explained the importance of low power consumption in the communicator that will serve as the bridge between the real world and the network for real‐time services in which sensor data is acquired every second. An effective solution to the problem of high energy efficiency is to employ the synergy of combining low‐voltage analog circuit technology and FD‐SOI devices. Taking advantage of that synergy to reduce the power consumption of the communicator during operation to about 10 mW and employing intermittent operation with an activity rate of less than l% would make it possible to support operation for 1 year or more with a commercial coin‐type lithium battery. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 162(3): 38–43, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20543
Unit commitment taking into account reactive power
Authors: Li Xiangjun , Yamashiro Susumu 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn this paper, the Voltage Magnitude Constrained OPF (VMC‐OPF) algorithm to determine the reactive power injection from compensating equipment to load bus is developed. By introducing the proposed VMC‐OPF to the real power related Unit Commitment (UC) [1], a novel daily UC method taking into account the reactive power to secure bus voltage magnitude is presented. The Transmission Access Charge (TAC) and Ancillary Services Charge (ASC) are included in the objective function for considering costs of using transmission network and supplying reactive power to maintain the voltage. Using the proposed UC, the difference between two schedules based on benefit maximization and cost minimization is also discussed. To ascertain the effectiveness of the proposed UC method, we demonstrate various simulation results for a model power system of IEEE‐118 bus system. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 162(3): 17–26, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20590
Numerical simulation of microdischarge in radio frequency excited plasma display panel with coplanar electrodes
Authors: Uchida Satoshi , Masahiro Hiranuma , Tochikubo Fumiyoshi , Watanabe Tsuneo 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn recent years, the demand for plasma display panels has expanded rapidly with the start of high‐definition digital broadcasting. However, the luminous efficiency of plasma display panels is still low compared with cathode‐ray tube displays. With respect to the market expansion, further improvements in efficiency are required. In the present work, we proposed a new driving scheme applying radio frequency voltage to coplanar electrodes and simulate the discharge behavior in a plasma display cell using a two‐dimensional fluid model. As a result, the discharge evolution in the cell was clarified during the addressing and sustaining periods. The radiation efficiency of ultraviolet light was about four times as large as that of a conventional plasma display panel. The barrier rib height was an important parameter because of its significant influence on firing and sustaining conditions. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 162(3): 1–8, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20633
Novel trajectory control for human cooperation robot based on behavior mode switching
Authors: Seki Hirokazu , Takahashi Kazuki , Tadakuma Susumu 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper describes a novel trajectory control system for human cooperation robots based on behavior mode switching. Human cooperation robots have the great possibility to serve as useful support systems for elderly people and physically handicapped people and are expected to realize smooth and human‐friendly support movements. This study defines three behavior modes in human cooperation motion, and their respective trajectory control systems are designed. In the trajectory design, a minimum jerk model is introduced to realize the smooth and human‐friendly cooperation movements. In addition, the initial value compensation at the mode switching is developed. Some experiments using a two‐axis plane robot and performance evaluation by trial subjects show the effectiveness of the proposed trajectory control system. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 162(3): 58–67, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20651
Go with the flow: conforming to others in the face of existential threat
Authors: Renkema Lennart J. , Stapel Diederik A. , Van Yperen Nico W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn three studies we investigate the impact of mortality salience on conformity and show that people have a greater preference to conform to the opinions of others when mortality is salient. Study 1 shows that mortality salience increases the degree to which judgments of abstract drawings are influenced by the majority's opinion. Study 2 shows that mortality salience causes people to change their opinions towards societal issues, so that these fit the attitudes they think others have. Study 3 replicates the findings of the first study and additionally shows that people do not conform to the attitude of outgroup members. Our findings extend previous Terror Management Theory research and suggest that conforming to the group is a means to buffer the fear that may otherwise arise in existentially threatening situations. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identity affirmation and social movement support
Authors: Simon Bernd , Trötschel Roman , Dähne Dorit 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIt is argued that the power of collective identification to mobilize people for collective action such as social movement support derives at least partly from processes of identity affirmation. The hypothesized identity‐affirming function of social movement support is tested in two laboratory experiments which revolve around collective identity as a supporter of the peace movement. In Experiment 1, we predicted and found that people who strongly identified with the peace movement showed more movement support (i.e. made more monetary donations to the peace movement) under conditions of uncertain as opposed to certain possession of identity as a movement supporter. In Experiment 2, we replicated this finding, but also found, in accordance with the notion of substitution, that the mobilizing effect of uncertain collective‐identity possession was undermined when an identity symbol was available that could function as a surrogate for more costly identity‐affirming behaviour. Further conceptual and social implications of the identity‐affirming function of social movement support are discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phosphoproteome profile of human liver Chang's cell based on 2‐DE with fluorescence staining and MALDI‐TOF/TOF‐MS
Authors: Liu Jinfeng , Cai Yun , Wang Jinglan , Zhou Qi , Yang Bing , Lu Zhuang , Jiao Liyan , Zhang Dongyang , Sui Shaohui , Jiang Ying , Ying Wantao , Qian Xiaohong 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBecause reversible protein phosphorylation is central to biological regulation, many methods have been developed for the systematic parallel analysis of the phosphorylation status of large sets of proteins. To directly survey the extent of protein phosphorylation and the distribution of phosphoproteins in biological systems, we used a phosphoprotein staining method, Pro‐Q Diamond dye, for the high‐throughput identification of phosphoproteins. The specificity of the method was validated with protein standards and subsequently applied to an analysis of total protein from human liver Chang's cells. Proteins were separated by 2‐DE, then sequentially stained with Pro‐Q Diamond and Coomassie Blue G‐250. After image analysis, the proteins in gel spots containing phosphoproteins were identified by MALDI‐TOF/TOF‐MS. A total of 269 phosphoproteins were identified, and 27 were known phosphoproteins in the SwissProt database. By comparing the relative volumes of the phosphoprotein map and the total protein map, the extent of protein phosphorylation was observed. The phosphoprotein staining method combined with 2‐DE also detected polymorphisms of the phosphoproteins, and could distinguish highly abundant, but slightly phosphorylated proteins from less abundant, highly phosphorylated ones. We conclude that the phosphoprotein staining method can be used for global, quantitative phosphorylation detection.