bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recognizing professional development of mathematics and statistics learning support staff
Authors: O’Sullivan Ciaran , Grove Michael , Bhaird Ciarán Mac an , Mulligan Peter , Pfeiffer Kirsten 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Tutors play an important role in effective Mathematics Learning Support, and ensuring good initial training and development is key. Typically, in the UK and Ireland, tutors do not gain any formal recognition for the training they receive. This paper details a four competences model of training for tutors and presents the analysis of feedback from 11 tutors and two staff involved in piloting the model at two institutions. The model, which is informed by professional development guidelines, consultation across the mathematical sciences community, and enabled by a national Mathematics Learning Support Network, provides immediate recognition of the professional development undertaken and is amenable to formal accreditation. A structure of four digital badges is used to assign immediate value to the training and development of tutors. To add further value for tutors, a capstone tutor badge has been established for those completing all four competences. Thematic analysis of feedback from the piloting of the model identifies three overarching themes: the importance of community, developing as a professional, and motivating and enabling professional development. Although primarily of interest to those involved in Mathematics Learning Support, the innovative structure of the model and the insights gained from its piloting are such that it offers potential for genuine transferability across other subject disciplines.
Non-contrast MRI and post-mastectomy silicone breast implant rupture: preventing false positive diagnoses
Authors: Mazzocconi Luca , De Lorenzi Francesca , Carbonaro Riccardo , Lorenzano Valerio , Rotili Anna , Pesapane Filippo , Signorelli Giulia , Caldarella Pietro , Corso Giovanni , Cassano Enrico , Veronesi Paolo 
Published: April 2024

Background
Breast implants are not lifelong, with implant rupture being the third leading cause of revisional surgery in augmented women. Noncontrast MRI is a reliable tool to assess implant integrity; however, false positive and false negative diagnoses have been reported due to an incorrect interpretation of MRI signs. This study aims to investigate the incidence of these misleading results, comparing MRI findings with intraoperative surgical observations and exploring signs of nonunivocal interpretation.

Materials and methods
Between March 2019 and October 2022, our hospital, a referral center for breast cancer care, conducted 139 breast MRI examinations to evaluate implant integrity. Surgical intervention was deemed necessary for patients diagnosed with suspected or confirmed implant rupture at MRI. Those patients who did not undergo any surgical procedure (63 cases) or had surgery at different institutes (11 cases) were excluded.

Results
Among the 65 patients who underwent preoperative MRI and subsequent surgery at our institute, surgical findings confirmed the preoperative MRI diagnosis in 48 women. Notably, 17 women exhibited a discordance between MRI and surgical findings: three false negatives, 11 false positives and three possible ruptures not confirmed. Signs of nonunivocal or misleading interpretation were assessed on a patient-by-patient basis. The importance of obtaining detailed information about a patient’s breast implant, including fill materials, number of lumens, manufacturer and shape, proved immensely beneficial for interpreting MRI signs accurately.

Conclusion
Pre-MRI knowledge of implant details and a meticulous evaluation of non-univocal signs can aid radiologists in accurately assessing implant integrity, reducing the risk of unnecessary revisional surgeries, and potentially averting allegations of medical malpractice.
Cancer mortality predictions for 2024 in selected Asian countries and Australia with focus on stomach cancer
Authors: Santucci Claudia , Mignozzi Silvia , Levi Fabio , Malvezzi Matteo , Bertuccio Paola , Odone Anna , Camargo M. Constanza , La Vecchia Carlo , Negri Eva 
Published: April 2024

Introduction
We estimated cancer mortality figures in five major Asian countries and Australia for 2024, focusing on stomach cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Eastern Asia.

Methods
We computed country- and sex-specific annual age-standardized rates (ASRs) for total cancers and the 10 most common cancer sites, using WHO and the United Nations Population Division databases from 1970 to 2021 or the latest available year. We predicted figures for 2024 and estimated the number of avoided cancer deaths in 1994–2024.

Results
All cancers combined ASR declined between 2015–2019 and 2024 across considered countries and sexes. In 2024, the lowest predicted male rate is in the Philippines (75.0/100 000) and the highest in Australia (94.2/100 000). The Republic of Korea is predicted to have the lowest female ASR (42.1/100 000) while the Philippines the highest (74.5/100 000). Over the last three decades, 121 300 deaths were estimated to be avoided in Hong Kong SAR, 69 500 in Israel, 1 246 300 in Japan, 653 300 in the Republic of Korea, 303 300 in Australia, and 89 700 among Philippine men. Mortality from stomach cancer has been decreasing since 1970 in all considered countries and both sexes. Significant decreases are at all age groups Male rates remain, however, high in Japan (8.7/100 000) and the Republic of Korea (6.2/100 000).

Conclusion
Declining cancer mortality is predicted in the considered countries, notably reducing stomach cancer burden. Stomach cancer, however, remains a major public health issue in East Asia.
Current applications of artificial intelligence in assisted reproductive technologies through the perspective of a patient's journey
Authors: Pavlovic Zoran J. , Jiang Victoria S. , Hariton Eduardo 
Published: April 2024

Purpose of review
This review highlights the timely relevance of artificial intelligence in enhancing assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs), particularly in-vitro fertilization (IVF). It underscores artificial intelligence's potential in revolutionizing patient outcomes and operational efficiency by addressing challenges in fertility diagnoses and procedures.

Recent findings
Recent advancements in artificial intelligence, including machine learning and predictive modeling, are making significant strides in optimizing IVF processes such as medication dosing, scheduling, and embryological assessments. Innovations include artificial intelligence augmented diagnostic testing, predictive modeling for treatment outcomes, scheduling optimization, dosing and protocol selection, follicular and hormone monitoring, trigger timing, and improved embryo selection. These developments promise to refine treatment approaches, enhance patient engagement, and increase the accuracy and scalability of fertility treatments.

Summary
The integration of artificial intelligence into reproductive medicine offers profound implications for clinical practice and research. By facilitating personalized treatment plans, standardizing procedures, and improving the efficiency of fertility clinics, artificial intelligence technologies pave the way for value-based, accessible, and efficient fertility services. Despite the promise, the full potential of artificial intelligence in ART will require ongoing validation and ethical considerations to ensure equitable and effective implementation.
Use of menopausal hormone therapy beyond age 65 years and its effects on women's health outcomes by types, routes, and doses
Authors: Baik Seo H. , Baye Fitsum , McDonald Clement J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The study aims to assess the use of menopausal hormone therapy beyond age 65 years and its health implications by types of estrogen/progestogen, routes of administration, and dose strengths.

Methods
Using prescription drug and encounter records of 10 million senior Medicare women from 2007-2020 and Cox regression analyses adjusted for time-varying characteristics of the women, we examined the effects of different preparations of menopausal hormone therapy on all-cause mortality, five cancers, six cardiovascular diseases, and dementia.

Results
Compared with never use or discontinuation of menopausal hormone therapy after age 65 years, the use of estrogen monotherapy beyond age 65 years was associated with significant risk reductions in mortality (19% or adjusted hazards ratio, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.79-0.82), breast cancer (16%), lung cancer (13%), colorectal cancer (12%), congestive heart failure (CHF) (5%), venous thromboembolism (3%), atrial fibrillation (4%), acute myocardial infarction (11%), and dementia (2%). For the use of estrogen and progestogen combo-therapy, both E+ progestin and E+ progesterone were associated with increased risk of breast cancer by 10%-19%, but such risk can be mitigated using low dose of transdermal or vaginal E+ progestin. Moreover, E+ progestin exhibited significant risk reductions in endometrial cancer (45% or adjusted hazards ratio, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.50-0.60), ovarian cancer (21%), ischemic heart disease (5%), CHF (5%), and venous thromboembolism (5%), whereas E+ progesterone exhibited risk reduction only in CHF (4%).

Conclusions
Among senior Medicare women, the implications of menopausal hormone therapy use beyond age 65 years vary by types, routes, and strengths. In general, risk reductions appear to be greater with low rather than medium or high doses, vaginal or transdermal rather than oral preparations, and with E2 rather than conjugated estrogen.
Distinguishing Characteristics of Admissions to Various Types of Posthospital Brain Injury Rehabilitation Programs
Authors: Salisbury David B. , Parrott Devan , Altman Irwin M. , Eicher Vicki , Logan Daniel M. , McGrath Claire , Walters G. Joseph , Malec James F. 
Published: April 2024

Objective:
Describe and compare the demographic characteristics and disability profiles of individuals admitted to 6 types of posthospital brain injury rehabilitation (PHBIR) programs.

Setting:
Data from Residential Neurobehavioral, Residential Neurorehabilitation, Home and Community Neurorehabilitation, Day Treatment, Outpatient Neurorehabilitation, and Supported Living programs serving individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI).

Participants:
Two thousand twenty-eight individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, or other ABI.

Main Measures:
Sex, age, time since injury, and Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory, 4th edition (MPAI-4).

Design:
Retrospective analyses of demographic variables and MPAI-4 Total, Index, and subscale Rasch-derived T-scores on admission comparing diagnostic categories and program types within diagnostic categories.

Results:
Participants with TBI were predominantly male, and those with stroke were generally older. Admissions to more intensive and supervised programs (residential neurobehavioral and residential neurorehabilitation) generally showed greater disability than admissions to home and community programs who were more disabled than participants in day treatment and outpatient programs. Residential neurobehavioral and supported living program participants generally were male and had TBI. Home and community admissions tended to be more delayed than residential neurorehabilitation admissions. The majority of those with other ABI were admitted to outpatient rather than more intensive programs. Additional analyses demonstrated significant differences in MPAI-4 profiles among the various program types.

Conclusions:
Admissions with TBI, stroke, and other ABI to PHBIR differ in demographic factors and disability profiles. When examined within each diagnostic category, demographic features and disability profiles also distinguish among admissions to the various program types. Results provide insights about decision-making in referral patterns to various types of PHBIR programs, although other factors not available for analysis (eg, participant/family preference, program, and funding availability) likely also contribute to admission patterns.
Healthy Days at Home Among Older Medicare Beneficiaries With Traumatic Brain Injury Requiring Inpatient Rehabilitation
Authors: Kumar Raj G. , Evans Emily , Albrecht Jennifer S. , Gardner Raquel C. , Dams-O’Connor Kristen , Thomas Kali S. 
Published: April 2024

Objective: The objectives of this study were to characterize and identify correlates of healthy days at home (HDaH) before and after TBI requiring inpatient rehabilitation. Setting: Inpatient hospital, nursing home, and home health services. Participants: Average of n= 631 community-dwelling fee-for-service age 66+ Medicare beneficiaries across 30 replicate samples who were hospitalized for traumatic brain injury (TBI) between 2012 and 2014 and admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) within 72 hours of hospital discharge. Design: Retrospective study using data from Medicare claims supplemented with data from the National Trauma Databank. Main measures: The primary outcome, HDaH, was calculated as time alive not using inpatient hospital, nursing home, and home health services in the year before TBI hospitalization and after IRF discharge. Results: We found HDaH declined from 93.2% in the year before TBI hospitalization to 65.3% in the year after IRF discharge (73.6% among survivors only). Most variability in HDaH was: (1) in the first 3 months after discharge and (2) by discharge disposition, with persons discharged from IRF to another acute hospital having the worst prognosis for utilization and death. In negative binomial regression models, the strongest predictors of HDaH in the year after discharge were rehabilitation Functional Independence Measure mobility score (β = 0.03; 95% CI, 0.002-0.06) and inpatient Charlson Comorbidity Index score (β = − 0.06; 95% CI, −0.13 to 0.001). Dual Medicaid eligible was associated with less HDaH among survivors (β = − 0.37; 95% CI, −0.66 to −0.07). Conclusion: In this study, among community-dwelling older adults with TBI, we found a notable decrease in the proportion of time spent alive at home without higher-level care after IRF discharge compared to before TBI. The finding that physical disability and comorbidities were the biggest drivers of healthy days alive in this population suggests that a chronic disease management model is required for older adults with TBI to manage their complex health care needs.
Late iris cerclage suture cheese-wiring
Authors: Ladki Malik S. , Snyder Michael E. 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
To describe a case series of cerclage failures due to cheese-wiring; iris repair can develop late cheese-wiring of cerclage sutures with resultant loss of benefits.

Setting:
Cincinnati Eye Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio.

Design:
Retrospective single-surgeon case series.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review sought patients who underwent iris cerclage at the Cincinnati Eye Institute who later developed suture cheese-wiring. The patient symptoms, demographics, cerclage size, suture type, knot type, iris status, and suture status at final follow-up were ascertained.

Results:
6 cases of cerclage suture cheese-wiring with loss of the original surgical benefit were identified. 10-0 polypropylene suture and a 3-1-1 knot were used in each case. The suture remained intact with an intact knot and suture loop in all cases.

Conclusions:
Cheese-wiring with return of mydriasis is a potential long-term outcome of iris cerclage suture placement, with return of preoperative symptoms. Awareness of this potential eventuality provides physicians and patients a broader perspective when selecting between cerclage suture, iris prosthesis placement, or other surgical and nonsurgical options.
Nociplastic pain mechanisms and toll-like receptors as promising targets for its management
Authors: Rodríguez-Palma Erick J. , Huerta de la Cruz Saul , Islas-Espinoza Ana M. , Castañeda-Corral Gabriela , Granados-Soto Vinicio , Khanna Rajesh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Nociplastic pain, characterized by abnormal pain processing without an identifiable organic cause, affects a significant portion of the global population. Unfortunately, current pharmacological treatments for this condition often prove ineffective, prompting the need to explore new potential targets for inducing analgesic effects in patients with nociplastic pain. In this context, toll-like receptors (TLRs), known for their role in the immune response to infections, represent promising opportunities for pharmacological intervention because they play a relevant role in both the development and maintenance of pain. Although TLRs have been extensively studied in neuropathic and inflammatory pain, their specific contributions to nociplastic pain remain less clear, demanding further investigation. This review consolidates current evidence on the connection between TLRs and nociplastic pain, with a specific focus on prevalent conditions like fibromyalgia, stress-induced pain, sleep deprivation–related pain, and irritable bowel syndrome. In addition, we explore the association between nociplastic pain and psychiatric comorbidities, proposing that modulating TLRs can potentially alleviate both pain syndromes and related psychiatric disorders. Finally, we discuss the potential sex differences in TLR signaling, considering the higher prevalence of nociplastic pain among women. Altogether, this review aims to shed light on nociplastic pain, its underlying mechanisms, and its intriguing relationship with TLR signaling pathways, ultimately framing the potential therapeutic role of TLRs in addressing this challenging condition.
Association of Heart Failure With Cognitive Decline and Development of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia
Authors: Jung Miyeon , Apostolova Liana G. , Gao Sujuan , Burney Heather N. , Lai Dongbing , Saykin Andrew J. , Pressler Susan J. 
Published: April 2024

Background
Incidence of cognitive impairment and its consequences have not been fully examined in heart failure (HF).

Objective
The aim of this study was to examine associations of HF with cognitive decline, frequencies and risks of, and time-to-develop mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia during 15-year follow-up.

Methods
For this retrospective cohort study, data were retrieved from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center. Cognitive decline was assessed using the Uniform Data Set neuropsychological battery. Development of MCI and dementia was assessed using clinically diagnosed cognitive status.

Results
Compared with participants without HF (n = 12 904), participants with HF (n = 256) had more decline in attention, executive function, and memory while controlling for covariates including apolipoprotein E4. Participants with HF developed MCI or dementia more frequently (44.9% vs 34.4%), developed dementia faster from normal cognition, and had a lower risk of dementia from MCI after controlling for covariates (hazard ratio, 0.71) than participants without HF.

Conclusions
Heart failure was associated with accelerated cognitive decline.
Predictors of Health-Related Quality of Life Among Women Participating in an Appointment-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program
Authors: Wright Catherine X. , Fournier Sean , Deng Yanhong , Meng Can , Tucker Katherine , Spatz Erica S. , Lichtman Judith H. , Zhu Cenjing , Dreyer Rachel P. , Oen-Hsiao Joyce M. 
Published: April 2024

Background
An alternative patient-centered appointment-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program has led to significant improvements in health outcomes for patients with cardiovascular disease. However, less is known about the effects of this approach on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), particularly for women.

Objective
We examined the effects of a patient-centered appointment-based CR program on HRQoL by sex and examined predictors of HRQoL improvements specifically for women.

Methods
Data were used from an urban single-center CR program at Yale New Haven Health (2012–2017). We collected information on patient demographics, socioeconomic status, and clinical characteristics. The Outcome Short-Form General Health Survey (SF-36) was used to measure HRQoL. We evaluated sex differences in SF-36 scores using t tests and used a multivariate linear regression model to examine predictors of improvements in HRQoL (total SF-36 score) for women.

Results
A total of 1530 patients with cardiovascular disease (23.7% women, 4.8% Black; mean age, 64 ± 10.8 years) were enrolled in the CR program. Women were more likely to be older, Black, and separated, divorced, or widowed. Although women had lower total SF-36 scores on CR entry, there was no statistically significant difference in CR adherence or total SF-36 score improvements between sexes. Women who were employed and those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were more likely to have improvements in total SF-36 scores.

Conclusion
Both men and women participating in an appointment-based CR program achieved significant improvements in HRQoL. This approach could be a viable alternative to conventional CR to optimize secondary outcomes for patients.
Improving Access and Quality of Behavioral Health Services for Health Care Employees
Authors: Morgenstern Jon , Levak Svetlana , Madden Sean P. , Moon Khatiya C. , Muench Frederick , Koroly Lindsy , Bancroft Courtney , Grella Megan , Romano Robert J. , Katechia Manavi , Sapra Manish 
Published: April 2024

Objective
To describe key features and the initial implementation of an employer-sponsored program designed to increase access to quality mental health treatment for employees of a large health care system. Methods: Retrospective data were collected on employer’s efforts to develop a programmatic solution to address barriers to accessing quality mental health treatment among its employees and on initial program implementation. Results: Data from the initial cohort (N = 1049) of program participants support the use of low threshold digital tools to enhance access to care, the importance of care navigation and a robust curated provider network in matching employees to appropriate care options, and the value of providing online, evidence-based psychotherapy to facilitate high rates of treatment engagement. Conclusions: Findings can help inform employers about approaches to improve access to quality mental health treatment for their employees.
An Ecological Association Between Air Pollution and Adolescent Obesity Study
Authors: Treister-Goltzman Yulia 
Published: April 2024

Objectives
The purposes of this study were to assess the association between exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5) and adolescent obesity and to identify and visualize the world areas where the problems of adolescent obesity and air pollution by fine PM are more severe.

Methods
This is an ecological study, based on publicly available data from a World Health Organization site.

Results
For each increase in air pollution there was an increase in the probability of being in the higher prevalence obesity group (OR = 1.18 (95% CI, 1.06–1.31). High prevalence rates for both adolescent obesity and air pollution by PM2.5 were identified in several countries, including Venezuela, Algeria, Libya, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Oceania islands.

Conclusions
Efforts by local authorities and world organizations should be focused on the countries with the highest prevalence rates for both conditions.