bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Executive Summary: State-of-the-Art Review: Fostering Collaborative Teamwork—A Comprehensive Approach to Vascular Graft Infection Following Arterial Reconstructive Surgery
Authors: Tabaja Hussam , Chesdachai Supavit , Shah Aditya S , Stevens Ryan W , DeMartino Randall R , Erben Young M , Wilson Walter R , Baddour Larry M , DeSimone Daniel C 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Vascular graft infection (VGI) is one of the most serious complications following arterial reconstructive surgery. VGI has received increasing attention over the past decade, but many questions remain regarding its diagnosis and management. In this review, we describe our approach to VGI through multidisciplinary collaboration and discuss decision-making for challenging presentations. This document will concentrate on VGI that impacts both aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms excluding the ascending thoracic aorta.
Tenofovir-Diphosphate and Emtricitabine-Triphosphate Adherence Benchmarks in Dried Blood Spots for Persons With HIV Receiving Tenofovir Alafenamide and Emtricitabine–Based Antiretroviral Therapy (QUANTI-TAF)
Authors: Coyle Ryan P , Morrow Mary , Mann Sarah C , Mainella Vincent , Ellis Samuel L , Schwab Stefanie , Coppinger Corwin , Barker Nicholas , Ellison Lucas , Zheng Jia-Hua , Al Zuabi Subhi , Alpert Pamela E , Carnes Tony C , Buffkin D Eric , Chai Peter R , Bushman Lane R , Kiser Jennifer J , MaWhinney Samantha , Brooks Kristina M , Anderson Peter L , Castillo-Mancilla Jose R 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
QUANTI-TAF aimed to establish tenofovir-diphosphate (TFV-DP)/emtricitabine-triphosphate (FTC-TP) adherence benchmarks in dried blood spots (DBS) for persons with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) receiving tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine (TAF/FTC)–based antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Methods
For 16 weeks, PWH received TAF/FTC-based ART co-encapsulated with an ingestible sensor to directly measure cumulative (enrollment to final visit) and 10-day adherence. At monthly visits, intraerythrocytic concentrations of TFV-DP and FTC-TP in DBS were quantified and summarized at steady-state (week 12 or 16) as median (interquartile range). Linear mixed-effects models evaluated factors associated with TFV-DP/FTC-TP.

Results
Eighty-four participants (11% female, 4% transgender) predominantly receiving bictegravir/TAF/FTC (73%) were enrolled. Ninety-two percent completed week 12 or 16 (94% unboosted ART). TFV-DP for &lt;85% (7/72), 85%–&lt;95% (9/72), and ≥95% (56/72) cumulative adherence was 2696 (2039–4108), 3117 (2332–3339), and 3344 (2605–4293) fmol/punches. Adjusting for cumulative adherence, TFV-DP was higher with boosted ART, lower body mass index, and in non-Black participants. FTC-TP for &lt;85% (14/77), 85%–&lt;95% (6/77), and ≥95% (57/77) 10-day adherence was 3.52 (2.64–4.48), 4.58 (4.39–5.06), and 4.96 (4.21–6.26) pmol/punches. All participants with ≥85% cumulative and 10-day adherence had TFV-DP ≥1800 fmol/punches and FTC-TP ≥2.5 pmol/punches, respectively. Low-level viremia (HIV-1 RNA 20–199 copies/mL) occurred at 18% of visits in 39% of participants with similar TFV-DP (3177 [2494–4149] fmol/punches) compared with suppressed visits (3279 [2580–4407] fmol/punches).

Conclusions
TFV-DP ≥1800 fmol/punches and FTC-TP ≥2.5 pmol/punches represent DBS benchmarks for ≥85% adherence to unboosted TAF/FTC-based ART. Among PWH with high adherence, low-level viremia was common.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT04065347.
Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Symptoms Are Not as Frequent as Other Eating Disorder Symptoms When Ulcerative Colitis Is in Remission
Authors: Burton-Murray Helen , Kiser Katheryn , Gurung Jenny , Williams Katherine , Thomas Jennifer J , Khalili Hamed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background and Aim
Recent studies have shown that up to 53% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] screen positive for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder [ARFID]. There is however concern that ARFID screening rates are over-inflated in patients with active disease. We aimed to evaluate the frequency and characteristics of ARFID symptoms using the Nine Item ARFID Screen [NIAS], and to use another eating disorder measure, the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire 8 [EDE-Q8], to rule-out/characterise other eating disorder cognitive and behavioural symptoms.

Methods
Participants included adults with UC who are enrolled in an ongoing cohort study with quiescent UC (Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index [SCCAI] ≤2 or faecal calprotectin &lt;150 µg/g with corticosteroid-free clinical remission for ≥3 months) at baseline. We used self-reported data on demographics, gastrointestinal medications, medical comorbidities, NIAS scores, and EDE-Q-8 scores.

Results
We included 101 participants who completed the NIAS at their baseline cohort assessment [age 49.9 ± 16.5 years; 55% female]. Eleven participants [11%] screened positively for ARFID on at least one NIAS subscale [n = 8 male]. Up to 30 participants [30%] screened positive for other eating disorder symptoms [EDE-Q-8 Global ≥2.3]. Overall score distributions on the EDE-Q-8 showed that participants scored highest on the Weight Concern and Shape Concern subscales.

Conclusions
Among adults with UC in remission, we found a low rate of ARFID symptoms by the NIAS but a high rate of positive screens for other eating disorder symptoms.
Local projection inference in high dimensions
Authors: Adamek Robert , Smeekes Stephan , Wilms Ines 
Published: April 2024

Summary
In this paper, we estimate impulse responses by local projections in high-dimensional settings. We use the desparsified (de-biased) lasso to estimate the high-dimensional local projections, while leaving the impulse response parameter of interest unpenalized. We establish the uniform asymptotic normality of the proposed estimator under general conditions. Finally, we demonstrate small sample performance through a simulation study and consider two canonical applications in macroeconomic research on monetary policy and government spending.
Understanding the movement and dispersal patterns of released Fopius arisanus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitoids in a papaya orchard
Authors: Eitam Avraham , Stockton Dara G , Vargas Roger I 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Implementation of augmentative biological control requires estimates of parasitoid dispersal from the release point to determine appropriate release density, spacing, and timing. This study evaluated the movement patterns of Fopius arisanus Sonan (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitoids, which have historically been used to control invasive tephritid fruit flies. The wasps were released from the central point, and dispersal was monitored over time using parasitism in sentinel fruit and trap captures at 40 points radiating out from the center (15–240 m). The releases were conducted 4 times during June, July, September, and November 2006. The data showed that there were large declines in dispersal by distance. Parasitism was greatest closest to the release point, within 30 m. Parasitism was also greatest within the first 24 h of the release. After 1 wk, parasitism decreased from 41% to 1.5% within 30 m. These data correlated strongly with trap capture data, which also showed that parasitoid movement favored the SE region of our release site, roughly corresponding to the overall prevailing winds. Wind speed, relative humidity, and temperature all affected parasitoid movement during our trial, indicating the complex environmental factors that can affect release success. This is the first report of dispersal metrics for F. arisanus. Our findings are in agreement with other similar studies on braconid movement generally and suggest that frequent, high-density releases are most effective since the dispersal of F. arisanus is limited and retention in the environment is low. We discuss our results in the context of international augmentative biological control release programs.
Familial occurrences of cardiac wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis: a case series
Authors: Westin Oscar M , Clemmensen Tor S , Hansen Anne Tybjærg , Gustafsson Finn , Poulsen Steen Hvitfeldt 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Cardiomyopathy caused by aggregation and deposition of transthyretin amyloid fibrils in the heart (ATTR-CM) is divided into a hereditary (ATTRv) and a wild-type (ATTRwt) forms. While ATTR-CM has been considered a rare disease, recent studies suggest that it is severely underdiagnosed and an important cause of heart failure in elderly patients. Familial occurrence is implicit in ATTRv, but it is not expected in ATTRwt.

Case summary
We report a case series of two unrelated families each with two brothers diagnosed with ATTRwt. Genetic testing did not reveal mutations in the transthyretin gene. Family screening with electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and genetic testing did not raise any suspicion of ATTR in first-line family members.

Discussion
Familial occurrence of a rare, non-hereditary disease is statistically unlikely. Two siblings in two different families diagnosed with ATTRwt highlight that the aetiology of ATTRwt is poorly understood, and that genetic factors distinct from mutations in the transthyretin gene, as well as environmental factors, might contribute to the pathogenesis. Identifying such factors might reveal new therapeutic targets. To investigate this further, clinicians need to be aware of the possibility of familial occurrence of ATTRwt.
Influence of multimorbidity and socioeconomic position on long-term healthcare utilization and prognosis in patients after cardiac resynchronization therapy implantation
Authors: Witt Christoffer Tobias , Mols Rikke Elmose , Bakos István , Horváth-Puhó Erzsébet , Christensen Bo , Løgstrup Brian Bridal , Nielsen Jens Cosedis , Eiskjær Hans 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Aims
We aimed to investigate the influence of socioeconomic position (SEP) and multimorbidity on cross-sectional healthcare utilization and prognosis in patients after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) implantation.

Methods and results
We included first-time CRT recipients with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤35% implanted between 2000 and 2017. Data on chronic conditions, use of healthcare services, and demographics were obtained from Danish national administrative and health registries. Healthcare utilization (in- and outpatient hospitalizations, activities in general practice) was compared by multimorbidity categories and SEP by using a negative binomial regression model. The association between SEP, multimorbidity, and prognostic outcomes was analysed using Cox proportional hazards regression. We followed 2007 patients (median age of 70 years), 79% were male, 75% were on early retirement or state pension, 37% were living alone, and 41% had low education level for a median of 5.2 [inter-quartile range: 2.2–7.3) years. In adjusted regression models, a higher number of chronic conditions were associated with increased healthcare utilization. Both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular hospital contacts were increased. Patients with low SEP had a higher number of chronic conditions, but SEP had limited influence on healthcare utilization. Patients living alone and those with low educational level had a trend towards a higher risk of all-cause mortality [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–1.33, and aHR 1.09, 95% CI 0.96–1.24).

Conclusion
Multimorbidity increased the use of cross-sectional healthcare services, whereas low SEP had minor influence on the utilizations. Living alone and low educational level showed a trend towards a higher risk of mortality after CRT implantation.
Fe(II)Cl2 amendment suppresses pond methane emissions by stimulating iron-dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane
Authors: Struik Quinten , Paranaíba José R , Glodowska Martyna , Kosten Sarian , Meulepas Berber M J W , Rios-Miguel Ana B , Jetten Mike S M , Lürling Miquel , Waajen Guido , Nijman Thomas P A , Veraart Annelies J 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems are large contributors to global methane (CH4) emissions. Eutrophication significantly enhances CH4-production as it stimulates methanogenesis. Mitigation measures aimed at reducing eutrophication, such as the addition of metal salts to immobilize phosphate (PO43−), are now common practice. However, the effects of such remedies on methanogenic and methanotrophic communities—and therefore on CH4-cycling—remain largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that Fe(II)Cl2 addition, used as PO43- binder, differentially affected microbial CH4 cycling-processes in field experiments and batch incubations. In the field experiments, carried out in enclosures in a eutrophic pond, Fe(II)Cl2 application lowered in-situ CH4 emissions by lowering net CH4-production, while sediment aerobic CH4-oxidation rates—as found in batch incubations of sediment from the enclosures—did not differ from control. In Fe(II)Cl2-treated sediments, a decrease in net CH4-production rates could be attributed to the stimulation of iron-dependent anaerobic CH4-oxidation (Fe-AOM). In batch incubations, anaerobic CH4-oxidation and Fe(II)-production started immediately after CH4 addition, indicating Fe-AOM, likely enabled by favorable indigenous iron cycling conditions and the present methanotroph community in the pond sediment. 16S rRNA sequencing data confirmed the presence of anaerobic CH4-oxidizing archaea and both iron-reducing and iron-oxidizing bacteria in the tested sediments. Thus, besides combatting eutrophication, Fe(II)Cl2 application can mitigate CH4 emissions by reducing microbial net CH4-production and stimulating Fe-AOM.
Age and Sex Differences in the Genetic Architecture of Measures of Subjective Health: Relationships With Physical Health, Depressive Symptoms, and Episodic Memory
Authors: Finkel Deborah , Gatz Margaret , Franz Carol E , Catts Vibeke S , Christensen Kaare , Kremen William , Nygaard Marianne , Plassman Brenda L , Sachdev Perminder S , Whitfield Keith , Pedersen Nancy L 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Subjective health (SH) is not just an indicator of physical health, but also reflects active cognitive processing of information about one’s own health and has been associated with emotional health measures, such as neuroticism and depression. Behavior genetic approaches investigate the genetic architecture of SH, that is, genetic and environmental influences on individual differences in SH and associations with potential components such as physical, cognitive, and emotional health. Previous twin analyses have been limited by sex, sample size, age range, and focus on single covariates.

Methods
The current analysis used data from 24,173 adults ranging in age from 40 to 90 years from the international Interplay of Genes and Environment across Multiple Studies consortium to investigate the genetic architecture of 3 measures of SH: self-rated health, health compared to others, and impact of health on activities. Independent pathways model of SH included physical health, depressive symptoms, and episodic memory, with age, sex, and country included as covariates.

Results
Most or all of the genetic variance for SH measures were shared with physical health, depressive symptoms, and episodic memory. Genetic architecture of SH differed across measures, age groups (40–65, 66–90), and sexes. Age comparisons indicated stronger correlations with all 3 covariates in older adults, often resulting from greater shared genetic variance.

Discussion
The predictive value of SH has been amply demonstrated. The higher genetic contributions to associations between SH and its components in older adults support the increasing conceptualization with age of SH as an intuitive summation of one’s vital reserve.
Multiparameter shallow-seismic waveform inversion based on the Jensen–Shannon divergence
Authors: Yan Yingwei , Chen Xiaofei , Li Jing , Guan Jianbo , Li Yu , Cui Shihao 
Published: April 2024

SUMMARY
Seismic full-waveform inversion (FWI) or waveform inversion (WI) has gained extensive attention as a cutting-edge imaging method, which is expected to reveal the high-resolution images of complex geological structures. In this paper, we regard each 1-D signal in the inversion system as a 1-D probability distribution, then use the Jensen–Shannon divergence from information theory to measure the discrepancy between the predicted and observed signals, and finally implement a novel 2-D multiparameter shallow-seismic WI (MSWI). Essentially, the novel approach achieves an implicit weighting along the time-axis for each 1-D adjoint source defined by the classical WI (CWI), thus enhancing the extra illumination for a deeper medium compared with the CWI. By evaluating the inversion results of the two-layer model and fault model, the reconstruction accuracy for S-wave velocity and density of the new method is increased by about 30 and 20 per cent compared with that of the CWI under the same conditions, respectively. The reconstruction performance for P-wave velocity of these two methods is almost equal. In addition, the new 2-D MSWI is also resilient to white Gaussian noise in the data. Numerically, the inversion system has almost the strongest sensitivities to the S-wave velocity and density, performing the poorest sensitivity to the P-wave velocity. Finally, we test the novel method with a detection case for a power tunnel.
‘Two heads are better than one’—exploring the experiences of Ghanaian communities on the role of patient and public participation in health system improvement
Authors: Ankomah Samuel Egyakwa , Fusheini Adam , Derrett Sarah 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Patient and Public Participation (PPP) is key to improving health systems. Yet, studies have shown that PPP implementations across many countries have been largely tokenistic. Particularly, in Ghana, whilst PPP is prioritized in national health policies and legislation, there appears to be little research focused on understanding PPP’s role in health system improvement. The aim of this study, therefore, is to examine how PPP is working across the Ghanaian health system levels, as well as to understand the perspectives and experiences of participants on how PPP contributes to health system improvement. The qualitative study was undertaken in six communities in three districts in the Ashanti region of Ghana. Data were collected from semi-structured individual interviews. The selection of participants was purposive, based on their PPP-related roles. As a result, findings of this study may not reflect the experiences of others who are not directly involved in PPP initiatives. Thirty-five participants, mainly health service users and health professionals, were interviewed. Data were transcribed and analysed descriptively using Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis approach. Overall, participants noted PPP implementation was largely limited at higher health system levels (i.e. national, regional and district levels), but was functioning at the community level. PPP also improved access to health services, responsiveness to patient needs, community-health worker relationships, health-seeking behaviours, empowered healthcare users and improved health outcomes. The study, therefore, recommended the need to undertake PPP across all levels of the health system to maximize PPP’s role in health system improvement. Finally, the study suggested prioritizing PPP, especially for resource-poor countries, to complement government’s efforts in improving accessibility of healthcare services to many communities and also provide a more patient-centred healthcare system responsive to patients’ and public needs.
Boronic ester homologation
Authors: Thomas Susan E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis chapter highlights the reaction of boronic esters (RB(OR)2), with dichloromethyllithium, LiCHCl2. It inserts the CHCI unit into the carbon-boron bond of the boronic ester, producing the boronic ester homologation. The chapter argues that many boronic ester homologation reactions have been performed using pinanediols as chiral auxiliaries. It adds that the addition of a wide range of boronic acids (RB(OH)2) or esters (RB(OR)2) to the pinanediols gives the very stable pinanediol boronic esters. The chapter also demonstrates the construction of a chiral centre on an (s) pinanediol boronic ester as well as the dichloromethyllithium reaction. Finally, it reviews the synthesis of (3S, 4S)-4-methylheptan-3-ol, deuterated phenylalanine, and L-ribose.
The Received View about the Right to Marry: A Critique
Authors: Biskup Bartosz 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article reconstructs a Received View of the right to marry in the European Convention on Human Rights and provides its philosophical interpretation. According to the Received View, the right to marry is a right to a legal institution of marriage. Recent case law from the European Court of Human Rights is analysed, with a focus on the protection and recognition of personal relationships under the law. According to the Fedotova case, the rights pertaining to the protection of conjugal relationships stem from the right to family life. The problem of non-distinctiveness of the right to marry is being discussed. If substantial rights protecting conjugal couples stem from the right to family life, then the right to marry does not offer any additional protection for the couple. The Received View addresses this issue. However, it is politically and morally unjust.
Persist or Perish: Can Bats Threatened with Extinction Persist and Recover from White-nose Syndrome?
Authors: Cheng Tina L , Bennett Alyssa B , Teague O'Mara M , Auteri Giorgia G , Frick Winifred F 
Published: April 2024

Synopsis
Emerging mycoses are an increasing concern in wildlife and human health. Given the historical rarity of fungal pathogens in warm-bodied vertebrates, there is a need to better understand how to manage mycoses and facilitate recovery in affected host populations. We explore challenges to host survival and mechanisms of host recovery in three bat species (Myotis lucifugus, Perimyotis subflavus, and M. septentrionalis) threatened with extinction by the mycosis, white-nose syndrome (WNS) as it continues to spread across North America. We present evidence from the literature that bats surviving WNS are exhibiting mechanisms of avoidance (by selecting microclimates within roosts) and tolerance (by increasing winter fat reserves), which may help avoid costs of immunopathology incurred by a maladaptive host resistance response. We discuss management actions for facilitating species recovery that take into consideration disease pressures (e.g., environmental reservoirs) and mechanisms underlying persistence, and suggest strategies that alleviate costs of immunopathology and target mechanisms of avoidance (protect or create refugia) and tolerance (increase body condition). We also propose strategies that target population and species-level recovery, including increasing reproductive success and reducing other stressors (e.g., wind turbine mortality). The rarity of fungal pathogens paired with the increasing frequency of emerging mycoses in warm-bodied vertebrate systems, including humans, requires a need to challenge common conventions about how diseases operate, how hosts respond, and how these systems could be managed to increase probability of recovery in host populations.