bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional categorization of gene regulatory variants that cause Mendelian conditions
Authors: Cheng Y. H. Hank , Bohaczuk Stephanie C. , Stergachis Andrew B. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMuch of our current understanding of rare human diseases is driven by coding genetic variants. However, non-coding genetic variants play a pivotal role in numerous rare human diseases, resulting in diverse functional impacts ranging from altered gene regulation, splicing, and/or transcript stability. With the increasing use of genome sequencing in clinical practice, it is paramount to have a clear framework for understanding how non-coding genetic variants cause disease. To this end, we have synthesized the literature on hundreds of non-coding genetic variants that cause rare Mendelian conditions via the disruption of gene regulatory patterns and propose a functional classification system. Specifically, we have adapted the functional classification framework used for coding variants (i.e., loss-of-function, gain-of-function, and dominant-negative) to account for features unique to non-coding gene regulatory variants. We identify that non-coding gene regulatory variants can be split into three distinct categories by functional impact: (1) non-modular loss-of-expression (LOE) variants; (2) modular loss-of-expression (mLOE) variants; and (3) gain-of-ectopic-expression (GOE) variants. Whereas LOE variants have a direct corollary with coding loss-of-function variants, mLOE and GOE variants represent disease mechanisms that are largely unique to non-coding variants. These functional classifications aim to provide a unified terminology for categorizing the functional impact of non-coding variants that disrupt gene regulatory patterns in Mendelian conditions.
Vulcanian eruptions at Sakurajima Volcano: geophysical data, numerical modelling, and petrological evidence
Authors: Nishimura Takeshi , Kozono Tomofumi , Matsumoto Akiko , Nakagawa Mitsuhiro , Iguchi Masato 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe investigated the magma conduit system beneath three active craters that have repeatedly generated Vulcanian eruptions at Sakurajima Volcano, Japan, by analysing seismic, infrasound, and tilt data. The hypocentres of the earthquakes associated with the Vulcanian eruptions are distributed separately at shallow depths of approximately 0.5 km beneath the craters. Infrasound indicated that the swelling of the crater floor starts approximately 0.2 s after the occurrence of earthquakes and that the eruption starts about 0.3 to 0.5 s later. During an eruption, tilt vectors at a station approximately 2.7 km far from the active craters indicated a deflationary trend directed toward one of the three active craters. A 1-D conduit flow simulation indicated pressure build-up at a depth of 0.4–1.0 km beneath the crater, consistent with previously reported pressure sources during eruptions detected by geodesy. Volcanic lapilli emitted from the three craters have the same chemical composition; hence, Vulcanian eruptions of all three studied craters originate from a common magma source.
Development of a novel animal model of lumbar vertebral endplate lesion by intervertebral disk injection of monosodium iodoacetate in rats
Authors: Maruyama Toshiaki , Nakamae Toshio , Kamei Naosuke , Morisako Taiki , Nakao Kazuto , Farid Fadlyansyah , Fukui Hiroki , Adachi Nobuo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Vertebral endplate lesions (EPLs) caused by severe disk degeneration are associated with low back pain. However, its pathophysiology remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to develop a vertebral EPL rat model mimicking severe intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration by injecting monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) into the IVDs and evaluating it by assessing pain-related behavior, micro-computed tomography (CT) findings, and histological changes.

Methods
MIA was injected into the L4-5 and L5-6 IVDs of Sprague–Dawley rats. Their behavior was examined by measuring the total distance traveled and the total number of rearing in an open square arena. Bone alterations and volume around the vertebral endplate were assessed using micro-CT. Safranin-O staining, immunohistochemistry, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining were performed for histological assessment.

Results
The total distance and number of rearing times in the open field were significantly reduced in a time-dependent manner. Micro-CT revealed intervertebral osteophytes and irregularities in the endplates at 12 weeks. The bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) around the endplates significantly increased from 6 weeks onward. Safranin-O staining revealed severe degeneration of IVDs and endplate disorders in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Calcitonin gene-related peptide-positive nerve fibers significantly increased from 6 weeks onward. However, the number of osteoclasts decreased over time.

Conclusion
Our rat EPL model showed progressive morphological vertebral endplate changes in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, similar to the degenerative changes in human IVDs. This model can be used as an animal model of severe IVD degeneration to better understand the pathophysiology of EPL.
Text readability in augmented reality: a multivocal literature review
Authors: Cauz Maxime , Clarinval Antoine , Dumas Bruno 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAugmented reality (AR) is making its way into many sectors. Its rapid evolution in recent years has led to the development of prototypes demonstrating its effectiveness. However, to be able to push these prototypes to the scale of fully usable applications, it is important to ensure the readability of the texts they include. To this end, we conducted a multivocal literature review (MLR) to determine the text parameters a designer can tune, as well as the contextual constraints they need to pay attention to, in relation to Optical See-Through (OST) and Video See-Through (VST) displays. We also included guidelines from device manufacturing and game engines sites to compare the current state of research in the academic and industrial worlds. The results show that parameters pertaining more to letter legibility have been extensively studied (e.g., color and size), while those pertaining to the whole text still require further research (e.g., alignment or space between lines). The former group of parameters, and their associated constraints, were assembled in the form of two decision trees to facilitate implementation of AR applications. Finally, we also concluded that there was a lack of alignment between academic and industrial recommendations.
Supporting students’ inquiry through doubly authentic learning designs: four configurations of interests, domain, and identity
Authors: Rahmian Liat , Hod Yotam , Yuan Guangji , Zhang Jianwei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this research, we examine learning within doubly authentic learning designs, which combine the sociocultural perspective that classrooms should be congruent with professional practices, along with a humanistic perspective that suggests students’ identities should be aligned with what they inquire about in class. Our work is situated in a long-term design based research effort where we have come to theorize and develop a set of specific practices around Humanistic Knowledge Building Communities (HKBCs). Based on interviews, classroom observations, learning artifacts, as well as in-class reflective diaries, we examined different ways that students negotiated their own interests and identities within a learning domain in doubly authentic HKBCs. The analysis of our data, instantiated across multiple case studies, resulted in an interest-identity-domain configuration framework that we call ENDURE. This research contributes new knowledge about the ways in which students’ inquiry interests within knowledge building communities can be supported and sustained through designed activities that foster interconnections between different aspects of their lives and what they study in school.
Academic Fraud and Remote Evaluation of Accounting Students: An Application of the Fraud Triangle
Authors: Bierstaker James , Brink William D. , Khatoon Sameera , Thorne Linda 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe pandemic has altered accounting education with the widespread adoption of remote evaluation platforms. We apply the lens of the fraud triangle to consider how the adoption of remote evaluation influences accounting students’ ethical values by measuring the incidence of cheating behavior as well as capturing their perceptions of their opportunity to cheat and their rationalization of cheating behavior. Consistent with prior research, our results show that cheating is higher in the online environment compared to remote evaluation, although the use of proctoring software in online evaluation appears to mitigate but not eliminate students’ the unethical behavior. However, cheating was not reduced when students attest to an honor code during the beginning of an exam. Nonetheless, we find that the use of both proctoring software and honor codes reduces students’ perceptions of opportunity and rationalization of cheating behavior. It follows that the remote evaluation environment may unintentionally be negatively influencing the ethicality of students and future accounting professionals by promoting cheating behavior and, by so doing, negatively influencing the development of unethical values of accounting students and future accounting professionals. Educators should consider the use of appropriate educational interventions to reduce the incidence and opportunities for unethical behavior and, by so doing, help promote the development of ethical values in future accounting professionals. Further implications for teaching and the accounting profession are discussed.
Design of ultra-low noise amplifier for quantum applications (QLNA)
Authors: Salmanogli Ahmad , Sirat Vahid Sharif 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe present article primarily focuses on the design of an ultra-low-noise amplifier specifically tailored for quantum applications. The circuit design places a significant emphasis on improving the noise figure, as quantum-associated applications require the circuit's noise temperature to be around 0.4 K. This requirement aims to achieve performance comparable to the Josephson Junction amplifier. Although this task presents considerable challenges, the work concentrates on engineering the circuit to minimize mismatch and reflection coefficients, while simultaneously enhancing circuit transconductance. These efforts aim to improve the noise figure as efficiently as possible. The results of this study indicate the possibility of achieving a noise figure of approximately 0.009 dB for a unique circuit design operating at 10 K. In a departure from traditional approaches, this study employs quantum mechanical theory to analyze the circuit comprehensively. By employing quantum theory, the researchers derive relationships that highlight the crucial quantities upon which the circuit design should focus to optimize the noise figure. For example, the circuit's gain power, which depends on the circuit's photonic modes, is theoretically derived and found to affect the noise figure directly. Ultimately, by merging quantum theory with engineering approaches, this study successfully designs a highly efficient circuit that significantly minimizes the noise figure in a quantum application setting.
Comparison of surgical and oncological outcomes between different surgical approaches for overweight or obese cervical cancer patients
Authors: Chen Wanli , Wang Rong , Wu Jialin , Wu Yingyu , Xiao Lin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe purpose was to investigate the safety and advantages of different surgical approaches applied to overweight or obese cervical cancer patients by comparing their surgical and oncological outcomes. This is a retrospective cohort study. 382 patients with a body mass index of at least 24.0 kg/m2 and stage IB-IIA (The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, FIGO 2009) cervical cancer were enrolled, and then were divided into three groups: open radical hysterectomy (ORH) group, laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH) group, and robot-assisted radical hysterectomy (RRH) group according to the surgical approach. IBM SPSS version 25.0 was used to analyze data. There were 51 patients in ORH group, 225 patients in LRH group and 106 patients in RRH group. In the comparison of surgical outcomes, compared to LRH and ORH, RRH had the shortest operating time, the least estimated blood loss, the shortest postoperative hospital stay, and the shortest recovery time for bowel function (P < 0.05). In the comparison of postoperative complications, ORH has the highest rate of postoperative infection and wound complication compared to LRH and RRH (P < 0.05), and RRH has the highest proportion of urinary retention. After a median follow-up time of 61 months, there was no statistically significant difference between the three groups in terms of 5-year overall survival (OS) rate and 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate, (P = 0.262, P = 0.453). In patients with overweight or obese cervical cancer, the long-term outcomes of the three surgical approaches were comparable, with RRH showing significant advantages over ORH and LRH in terms of surgical outcomes.
Is Australian Flora Unsuitable for the Bow-and-Arrow?
Authors: George Nicholas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe bow-and-arrow was not manufactured or widely used by Indigenous Peoples within the Australian continent, and the suitability of woody Australian plant species for constructing bows is poorly understood. The mechanical and physical properties of 326 plant species, including species highly suitable for self-bows and 106 native Australian species, were analyzed and compared using principal component analysis. Additionally, qualitative information regarding the use of Australian woods for bows was obtained from bow-making internet forums. The results suggest that Australian woods have combinations of properties that make them sub-optimal for bows compared to common woods from other parts of the world. The findings may explain the historical absence of bow-and-arrow technology on the Australian continent. Future work is needed to collect data from a broader range of woody Australian species, along with empirical research to assess the suitability of Australian woods for bow-making. The work also demonstrates, for the first time, that principal component analysis is a useful technique for exploring the suitability of woods for self-bows and should be investigated further for this purpose.
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia with hepatic arteriovenous shunt diagnosed due to liver damage
Authors: Hagiwara Satoru , Takase Toru , Oda Itsuki , Komeda Yoriaki , Nishida Naoshi , Yoshida Akihiro , Yamamoto Tomoki , Matsubara Takuya , Kudo Masatoshi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA 53-year-old woman was diagnosed with liver dysfunction in August 20XX. Computed tomography (CT) revealed multiple hepatic AV shunts, and she was placed under observation. In March 20XX + 3, she developed back pain, and CT performed during an emergency hospital visit showed evidence of intrahepatic bile duct dilatation. She was referred to our gastroenterology department in May 20XX + 3. We conducted investigations on suspicion of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) with hepatic AV shunting based on contrast-enhanced CT performed at another hospital. HHT is generally discovered due to epistaxis, but there are also cases where it is diagnosed during examination of liver damage.
Unveiling the Legacy of the Nineteenth Century Riotinto Mining Railway: From Historic Heritage to Thriving Tourist Attraction
Authors: Boente C. , Romero-Macías E. , Delgado-Domínguez A. , Sierra C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Riotinto mining railway is a remarkable construction. Stretching an impressive 348 km it was built between 1873 and 1875 to transport minerals from Riotinto’s mining operations to the international port of Huelva. At its height in the 1950’s, this monumental railway network had a fleet of 162 locomotives (mostly steam but also diesel and electric) and around 3,300 freight cars and carriages. Towards the end of the 1960’s the line began to fall into disuse, and it was closed entirely in 1984. Since the establishment of the Rio Tinto Foundation in 1987, dedicated efforts have been made to preserve this invaluable railway heritage and today, the fruits of their labor can be enjoyed at the Riotinto Mining Park where tourists can ride a fully restored 22 km section of this historic rail network. The park is highly successful and has recovered strongly after the COVID-19 pandemic attracting a record 96,935 visitors in 2022. The majority of the park’s tourists are from Spain but also a significant number are international (principally from Germany) highlighting the global importance of this site and the railway as a sustainable heritage tourism destination. Taking the restoration of the Riotinto mining railway as a case study, we aim to demonstrate the transformative power of the preservation and restoration of industrial heritage.
Multidisciplinary approaches to establishing trauma informed practice for pre-service teachers
Authors: Louth Sharon Ann , Willis Alison 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn response to the urgent need for teachers to be better equipped with strategies for responding to students who suffer the effects of complex trauma (CT), this inter-disciplinary study investigated the lived experiences of professionals (social workers, psychologists, criminal justice workers and community workers) working with school students with CT in out-of-school contexts. The aim of this study was to formulate strategic approaches from the expertise of out-of-school professionals and specialists that might be adapted for use within pre-service teacher education programs to better prepare the next generation of teachers with the skills needed for working with trauma-affected students. Using a phenomenological methodology and working through an ecological-psychosocial theoretical lens, this qualitative study found three key categories of understandings and skills used as a common approach amongst specialists working with students suffering the effects of CT: an applied understanding of child development, a capacity to read and adjust classroom environment and climate; and underpinning theoretical knowledge of the effects of trauma on young people’s behaviour.
Diversification of subject combinations in the National College Entrance Examination and educational reforms in senior secondary schools: findings from China’s policies on college admissions
Authors: Zhu Peipei , Li Muzhou , Zhu Zuoxiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChina’s reforms on the National College Entrance Examination (NCEE) include diversification of subject combinations, which have a profound influence on senior secondary school (SSS) education. Although existing studies have paid attention to this issue, only a few were able to provide insightful explanations. This study uses a grounded theory approach to analyse the interview data of 42 major SSS leaders. It develops an in-depth understanding of how the diversification of NCEE subject combinations affects SSSs. Two main aspects of the findings are identified. First, diversification of the NCEE subject combinations has changed the educational goals and development strategies of SSSs, increased organisational and management difficulties, and required students to have a sense of active growth. Second, teacher quality gaps, along with disparities in school infrastructure and facilities, have led to significant differences between urban and rural SSSs. This study argues that the issue of diversifying NCEE subject combinations is not a case of ‘the more, the better’. How well this test scheme will be implemented in the future is rather a question of striking the right balance between effectiveness in student selection and practicality.
Algorithms Don’t Have A Past: Beyond Gadamer’s Alterity of the Text and Stader’s Reflected Prejudiced Use
Authors: Lindia Matthew S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis commentary on Daniel Stader's recent article, “Algorithms Don't Have a Future: On the Relation of Judgement and Calculation” develops and complicates his argument by suggesting that algorithms ossify multiple kinds of prejudices, namely, the structural prejudices of the programmer and the exemplary prejudices of the dataset. This typology at once suggests that the goal of transparency may be impossible, but this impossibility enriches the possibilities for developing Stader's concept of reflected prejudiced use.
Is Propolis a Potential Anti-Obesogenic Agent for Obesity?
Authors: Tek Nilüfer Acar , Şentüre Şerife Akpınar , Ersoy Nursena 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Propolis is a bee product that has been used for thousands of years. The chemical composition and biological activity of propolis, which has been investigated in the twentieth century, may vary according to location. Propolis polyphenols can induce thermogenesis in brown and beige fat tissue via the uncoupled protein-1 and creatinine kinase metabolic pathways. This review provides a comprehensive investigation of the structural and biological properties of propolis and provides insights into their promising potential strategies in body weight management.

Recent Findings
By raising overall energy expenditure, it might lead to body weight management. Furthermore, the phenolic components artepillin C, quercetin, catechin, and chlorogenic acid found in its composition may have anti-obesogenic effect by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system, enhancing browning in white adipose tissue, and triggering AMP-activated protein kinase activation and mitochondrial biogenesis.

Summary
Propolis, a natural product, is effective in preventing obesity which is a contemporary pandemic.
Behavioral Lifestyle Interventions for Weight Loss in Overweight or Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Gostoli Sara , Raimondi Giulia , Popa Alexandra Paula , Giovannini Micaela , Benasi Giada , Rafanelli Chiara 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Around 80–90% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are overweight or obese, presenting a greater risk for serious health complications and mortality. Thus, weight loss represents a main goal for T2DM management. Although behavioral lifestyle interventions (BLIs) could help promoting weight loss in T2DM patients with overweight or obesity, their effectiveness is still controversial. This systematic review offers an updated and comprehensive picture of BLIs according to Michie’s classification in T2DM patients with overweight or obesity and identifies possible factors (related to both patients and interventions) associated with weight loss. The PRISMA guidelines were followed. The literature search till March 2023 indicated 31 studies involving 42 different BLIs.

Recent Findings
Our findings suggest that structured BLIs, characterized by frequent feedback and support, can lead to a clinically meaningful 5% weight loss, regardless of specific behavioral, diet, and physical activity components.

Summary
Further research should address methodological issues and heterogeneity of interventions, also considering the effect of pharmacological therapies on weight reduction. Lastly, more attention should be paid to the long-term effectiveness of behavioral lifestyle interventions and to the relationship between weight loss and diabetes.