bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Validation Study of an Italian Version of the “ID Migraine”
Authors: Brighina Filippo , Salemi Giuseppe , Fierro Brigida , Gasparro Antonio , Balletta Antonio , Aloisio Antonina , La Pegna Giovanni , Randisi Giovanna , Saporito Vincenzo , Calagna Giuseppe , La Naia Filippo , Morana Rossana 
Published: November 2006

Background.—Migraine is a highly prevalent and disabling disease which is substantially underdiagnosed in primary care. Recently, the ID Migraine, a self‐administered questionnaire, consisting of only 3 items, was shown to be a valid and reliable screening instrument for migraine in primary care in the United States.Objective.—The aim of the present study was to validate an Italian version of the “ID Migraine” questionnaire.Methods.—Two hundred and twenty‐two consecutive headache patients referring to 8 headache centers in Sicily (Italy) completed an Italian version of the ID Migraine. The responses to the questionnaire were compared with the diagnosis of headache made by a headache specialist blind to the result of the questionnaire. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for migraine were calculated.Results.—The statistical analysis of 222 patients examined showed a very good performance of the ID Migraine with high sensitivity: 0.95 (95% CI, 0.91 to 0.98), specificity: 0.72 (95% CI, 0.62 to 0.82), and positive predictive value: 0.88 (95% CI, 0.82 to 0.93). ID Migraine showed also a very good accuracy level: 0.87 (95% CI, 0.83 to 0.92).Conclusion.—This validation study showed “ID Migraine” as a valid tool for migraine screening also in Italian patients referring to headache centers. If confirmed in a primary care setting, these results establish the “ID Migraine” as a valid screening instrument for migraine in Italian population.
Improvement of Chronic Headache After Treatment of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Kong Doo‐Sik , Hong Seung‐Chyul , Jung Young‐Jo , Kim Jong Soo 
Published: November 2006

Objective.—The objective of this study is to determine the incidence, character, and outcome of headache in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms who had been treated to avoid the risk of rupture.Background.—There are a variety of clinical manifestations associated with unruptured intracranial aneurysms. Among them, chronic headache is the most common presenting and/or accompanying symptom.Methods.—Among the 137 patients with unruptured aneurysms who had been treated, we collected 81 patients excluding 30 on the basis of inclusion criteria. Twenty‐six patients were lost to follow‐up. We collected data by medical record review and a telephone survey. Included in the information collected was the analysis of presenting symptom, location and size of each aneurysm, location, quality, intensity and duration of headaches, associated symptoms, triggering and alleviating factors, and precipitating events.Results.—Forty‐nine patients (60.5%) of 81 had chronic headaches before the diagnosis of unruptured intracranial aneurysm. Forty‐four patients (89.8%) answered that their headaches were improved slightly (12 patients) or markedly (32 patients) (P <.05). The clinical pattern of the headache worsened in only 1 patient and did not change in 4 patients. When the surgical group (40 patients) and the coil embolization group (41 patients) were compared, there was no significant difference observed in outcome (P >.05).Conclusion.—Either by employing the technique of clipping or by coil embolization, treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms resulted in relief of headaches in majority of patients who had headaches pre‐operatively.
Preparedness for Influenza Pandemic in Hong Kong Nursing Units
Authors: Tiwari Agnes , Tarrant Marie , Yuen Kwan Hok , Chan Sophia , Kagan Sarah , Ching Patricia , Wong Alan , Wong Samson SY 
Published: November 2006

Background: To present preparedness planning for an influenza pandemic for two nursing subunits: nursing services in hospitals and schools of nursing in universities.
Discussion: The preparedness plan is modeled on a modified Haddon matrix, a logical approach to identify measures appropriate for the pre‐event, event, and postevent phases of an influenza pandemic. For the pre‐event phase, the objective is to ensure preparedness for the potential pandemic outbreak through training, communication, surveillance, infection control, and vaccination. Once the pandemic outbreak is declared, the aim is to implement effective measures to ensure a rapid and appropriate response. For the postevent phase, the plan is focused on the restoration of core functions, vigilance for a second or possibly more waves of the pandemic, and psychosocial support to staff and students.
Conclusion: Measures required to prepare for, respond to, and manage the consequences of influenza pandemic are identified. This planning indicates the need to balance a logical approach with contextual perspectives and the importance for nursing leaders to develop plans for subunits of larger entities.
Injury as a Global Phenomenon of Concern in Nursing Science
Authors: Sommers Marilyn Sawyer 
Published: November 2006

Purpose:To discuss injury research as a phenomenon of concern in nursing science.Organizing Construct: Injury is defined as the physical damage that results when the human body is briefly subjected to intolerable levels of energy. It is the leading cause of death in the first 4 decades of life in high‐income nations and is second only to infectious diseases as a leading cause of death in low‐ and middle‐income nations.Methods:Review and discussion of relevant scientific and theoretical literature in both injury and nursing science.Findings: Nurse scientists can apply unique perspectives to increase understanding of injury and its consequences. Fertile areas for nursing inquiry include identifying people at risk, developing models to explain the association between risk‐taking and injury, testing interventions to prevent and limit injury, and creating and refining interventions that are culturally relevant to subpopulations most at risk for injury.Conclusions:The mandate to improve global heath should lead to nursing inquiry about this phenomenon, including developing and testing interventions to prevent and reduce injury.
Chronic Dementing Conditions, Genomics, and New Opportunities for Nursing Interventions
Authors: Schutte Debra L. , Holston Ezra C. 
Published: November 2006

Purpose: To (a) provide an overview of chronic dementing conditions; (b) discuss the etiologic and clinical characteristics of Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD) within the framework of the family systems genetic illness model; and (c) to explore opportunities to enhance outcomes through the integration of genomics information and technologies into nursing practice.
Design: An integrated review of the literature, including the organizing construct of the family systems genetic illness model.
Findings: AD and PD are both influenced by genetic and environmental factors; in a small percentage of families, gene mutations are the primary etiologic factor. Genetic testing is an option for some families experiencing early‐onset, familial disease. Presymptomatic and diagnostic genetic testing have limited clinical utility for the more common late‐onset AD and PD.
Conclusions: The current abilities of healthcare professionals to effectively intervene in people with AD and PD are limited by an incomplete understanding of the biologic basis of these diseases. Advances in genomics research and technology are providing the information and tools necessary to understand the molecular basis of these devastating disorders toward the goal of more specific and effective interventions.
Non‐Hodgkin's Lymphoma as an Exemplar of the Effects of Genetics and Genomics
Authors: Calzone Kathleen A. , Lea Dale Halsey , Masny Agnes 
Published: November 2006

Purpose: To discuss the interface of genetics and genomics science in the identification and management of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma. The field of oncology is an exemplar of how the genomic revolution is influencing more individualized care and treatment of people with cancer and their families.
Design: Integrated review of the cancer genetics and genomics literature.
Methods: Published peer‐reviewed research, conference proceedings, and peer‐reviewed internet sites regarding the genetics and genomics of cancer and non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma were reviewed, analyzed, and data synthesized.
Findings: All malignancies have a genetic and genomic basis. Genetic and genomic breakthroughs are rapidly being applied to all aspects of cancer care including: (a) identification of at‐risk individuals before disease occurs, (b) diagnosis and characterization of disease and its aggressiveness when it appears via gene expression, (c) and individualization of therapies over the disease course based on these new molecular technologies.
Conclusions: Oncology nurses in every role, clinical subspecialty, and type of education are among the first nurses to integrate genetic and genomic information in such a broad context. This experience shows how genetic and genomic discoveries will interface with other health conditions and ultimately, will affect the practice of all nurses.
Metabolic Control of Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Through Education and Counseling
Authors: Gallegos Esther C. , Ovalle‐Berúmen Fernando , Gomez‐Meza Marco Vinicio 
Published: November 2006

Purpose: To test the efficacy of a controlled nursing intervention focused on education and counseling to improve metabolic control of adults diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2 in (DMT2) ambulatory care.
Design: A quasi‐experimental design with repeated measures was selected. A sample of 45 subjects participated, of which 25 were in the experimental group, and 20 in the comparison group. Measures were taken at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, including glycosylated
hemoglobin (HbA1c), psychosocial, and clinical variables.
Findings: Results showed a significant decrease in HbA1c in the experimental group, as well as positive effects of self‐care agency, adaptation, and barriers to treatment (plus one interaction) on the HbA1c levels and on the scores of self‐care actions.
Conclusions: The counseling and educational model applied in the intervention was effective to improve the metabolic control of diabetic patients in the experimental group. Self‐care agency, adaptation, and barriers were predictors of self‐care measures and level of HbA1c.
Improving Cognition and Function Through Exercise Intervention in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Yu Fang , Kolanowski Ann M. , Strumpf Neville E. , Eslinger Paul J. 
Published: November 2006

Purpose: To analyze the effects of cognition on function and to explore the potential of aerobic exercise for promoting cognitive and functional capacities.
Design: Integrative review of literature.
Methods: Studies were selected based on an extensive search of electronic databases and manual cross‐referencing for 1980 to 2006, using the combination of key words: Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia, or cognitive impairment with function or activities of daily living.
Findings: Three broad themes were identified from the literature analysis. First, global cognition has mainly been used to examine the effect of cognition on function, indicating an assumption that functional decline progresses in a hierarchical manner in AD. Second, specific cognitive domains affect functional decline in different ways. Executive functioning might have more effect on function than does memory. Third, aerobic exercise might promote cognitive and functional capacities in people with AD by modifying neuropathological changes in the brain.
Conclusions: Specific cognitive domains such as executive functioning are important for understanding function in people with AD and are potentially modifiable by aerobic exercise.
Nurses' Narratives of Unforgettable Patient Care Events
Authors: Gunther Mary , Thomas Sandra P. 
Published: November 2006

Purpose:To explore the experience of registered nurses (RNs) caring for patients in contemporary hospitals.Design:The descriptive phenomenological study was based in the philosophical perspectives of Husserl and Merleau‐Ponty.Methods:A purposive sample of 46 RNs employed in acute care hospitals in the southeastern United States (US) were recruited by network sampling. Data from unstructured interviews were analyzed in an interpretive group and themes were identified.Findings:Four themes were identified: (a) extraordinary caregiving events, (b) incomprehensibility, (c) questioning whether anything else could have been done, and (d) “alone or together,” indicating the isolation nurses often experience while giving care as well as profound moments of connection, especially with patients.Conclusions:Caregiving experiences resulted in an accumulating residue of moral distress which in turn became ground for future experiences in the everyday work life of RNs. Sometimes years later, participants were still trying to justify and understand the outcomes and perhaps to absolve themselves from blame. Participants were confronted with the limits of science and skill and plunged into the realm of existential questions for which they had no ready answers.
Sexual Harassment of Female Nurses by Patients in Japan
Authors: Hibino Yuri , Ogino Keiki , Inagaki Michiko 
Published: November 2006

Purpose: To determine the prevalence and details of sexual harassment of female nurses by patients and nurses' reactions in Japanese hospitals.
Methods: A research survey with a self‐administered questionnaire was conducted. Questionnaires were distributed to hospital nurses, and 473 of 600 (78.8%) questionnaires were returned. A content analysis was done with descriptive data from the questionnaires.
Findings: The proportion of female nurses who have ever been sexually harassed by patients was 55.8%. Sexual harassment was prevalent in the hospital environment and some details were serious. Conversely, nurses tended to react passively and moderately and, in many cases, they did not attempt to stop the patients. Relatively few incidents were reported to the appropriate supervisors.
Conclusions: This sample of Japanese hospital nurses were at high risk for sexual harassment, and administrators tended to underestimate the problem. No effective policies to combat this situation have yet been established in Japanese hospitals.
Spectral karyotyping demonstrates genetically unstable skin‐homing T lymphocytes in cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Padilla‐Nash Hesed M. , Wu Kaida , Just Helle , Ried Thomas , Thestrup‐Pedersen Kristian 
Published: November 2006

Abstract:  We initially established cell lines from skin biopsies from four patients (MF8, MF18, MF19 and MF31) in early stages of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) in 1999. After 3 weeks of culture, skin‐homing T lymphocytes were stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin. Metaphase spreads were analysed using spectral karyotyping (SKY), a molecular cytogenetic technique. MF18 and MF19 had predominantly normal karyotypes. MF8 had recurrent numerical aberrations resulting in two T lymphocyte clones: one with trisomy 21 (12/20 cells) and the other with monosomy chromosome 22 (3/20 cells). MF8 also exhibited a clonal deletion, del(5)(p15.1), as well as multiple non‐clonal structural aberrations. MF31 had a clonal deletion, del(17)(p12) and other non‐clonal deletions involving chromosomes 2, 5, 10, 11. MF18 had a single abnormal cell that contained two reciprocal translocations t(1;2)(q32;p21) and t(4;10)(p15.2;q24).In 2001, three of the original patients had new skin biopsies taken and cell lines were established. SKY analysis revealed the continued presence of a T‐cell clone in MF8 with trisomy 21 (4/20 cells). Additionally, a new clone was seen with a del(18)(p11.2) (17/20 cells). MF31 had only one aberrant cell with a del(17)(p12). MF18 had a clonal deletion, [del(1)(p36.1) in 3/20 cells] and non‐clonal aberrations involving chromosomes 3, 4, 5, 6, 12, 13, 17 and 18.Thus, three of four patients continued to show numerous numerical and structural aberrations, both clonal and non‐clonal, with only MF8 having a recurring T lymphocyte clone (+21). Our findings demonstrate high genetic instability among skin‐homing T lymphocytes even in early stages of CTCL. We did not see genetic instability or evidence of clones in cell lines from a patient with atopic dermatitis and one with psoriasis.
Calcium movements during pigment aggregation in freshwater shrimp chromatophores
Authors: Ribeiro Márcia , McNamara John Campbell 
Published: November 2006

SummaryPigment granule migration within crustacean chromatophores provides an excellent model with which to investigate cytoplasmic movements, given the antagonistic, neurosecretory peptide regulation of granule translocation, and the absence of innervation in these large, brightly colored cells. Red pigment‐concentrating hormone (RPCH) induces pigment aggregation in shrimp chromatophores via an increase in intracellular Ca2+; however, how this increase is brought about is not known. To examine the putative Ca2+ movements leading to pigment translocation in red, ovarian chromatophores of the freshwater shrimp, Macrobrachium olfersii, this study manipulates intra‐ and extracellular Ca2+ employing ER Ca2+‐ATPase inhibitors, ryanodine‐sensitive, ER Ca2+ channel blockers, and EDTA/EGTA‐buffered A23187/Ca2+‐containing salines. Our findings reveal that during pigment aggregation, cytosolic Ca2+ apparently increases from an intracellular source, the abundant SER, loaded by the SERCA and released through ryanodine‐sensitive receptor/channels, triggered by capacitative calcium influx and/or calcium‐induced calcium release mechanisms. Aggregation also depends on external calcium, which may modulate RPCH/receptor coupling. Such calcium‐regulated pigment movements form the basis of a complex system of chromatic adaptation, which confers selective advantages like camouflage and protection against ultra‐violet radiation to this palaemonid shrimp.
Cellular Localization and Function of the Antiviral Protein, Ovine Mx1 (oMx1): II. The oMx1 Protein Is a Regulator of Secretion in an Ovine Glandular Epithelial Cell Line
Authors: Toyokawa Koji , Leite Fabio , Ott Troy L. 
Published: November 2006

Problem  Embryonic loss is a major contributor to infertility. Understanding factors affecting embryonic loss will help increase fertility.Method of study  We investigated if ovine Mx1 (oMx1) mediated secretion by ovine glandular epithelial (oGE) cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA). Effects on secretion were examined through the conventional endoplasmic reticulum‐Golgi pathway using β2‐ microglobulin (β2MG) as a marker, and interferon‐stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) as a marker for unconventional secretion.Results  Mx1 siRNA reduced oMx1 mRNA levels at 12 and 24 hr after IFN‐τ treatment (P < 0.05), without affecting levels of oMx2, ISG15, 2′,5′‐oligoadenylate synthetas or β2MG. Mx1 siRNA reduced Mx1 protein levels at 48 and 120 hr after treatment (P < 0.05) and protein levels remained low at 120 hr. Transient oMx1 knock‐down reduced secretion of oMx1 (P < 0.01). ISG15 protein in secretions was reduced without affecting intracellular levels (P < 0.05). Levels of β2MG in secretions were not affected by Mx1 siRNA.Conclusion  We showed that oMx1 protein is secreted by oGE cells and that reduction in oMx1 protein levels by siRNA reduced secretion of ISG15, but not β2MG. Results support the hypothesis that oMx1 is a regulator of secretion through unconventional secretory pathway(s).
BAKING PERFORMANCE AND CONSUMER ACCEPTABILITY OF RAW AND EXTRUDED COWPEA FLOUR BREADS
Authors: MCWATTERS K.H. , PHILLIPS R.D. , WALKER S.L. , MCCULLOUGH S.E. , MENSA‐WILMOT Y. , SAALIA F.K. , HUNG Y.‐C. , PATTERSON S.P. 
Published: November 2006

ABSTRACT Cowpea flour was used to partially replace wheat flour in yeast bread, using automatic household‐type bread machines for mixing, proofing and baking. Loaves containing 15 or 30% extruded cowpea flour weighed more (683.4 g) than loaves from other treatments (641.1–652.6 g). The 100% wheat had the highest loaf volume (2.58 L) and the 30% extruded cowpea the lowest (1.64 L). Cowpea flour breads contained more protein (13.9–15.4%) than the 100% wheat (4.1% fat, 12.5% protein). Bread made with 15% extruded cowpea flour was not different (P < 0.05) from the all‐wheat control in sensory quality and acceptability. Hedonic ratings for the control and 15% extruded cowpea flour ranged from 6.6 (like slightly) to 7.4 (like moderately) for all sensory attributes. The least liked samples contained either 30% raw or 30% extruded cowpea flour, receiving ratings for all attributes ranging from 4.8 (disliked slightly) to 6.2 (liked slightly). Overall, 15% extruded cowpea flour demonstrated successful bread making performance without compromising sensory quality.
MICROBIOLOGICAL AND NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF SOUS VIDE OR TRADITIONALLY PROCESSED FISH: INFLUENCE OF FAT CONTENT
Authors: GARCÍA‐LINARES M.C. , GONZALEZ‐FANDOS E. , GARCÍA‐FERNÁNDEZ M.C. , GARCÍA‐ARIAS M.T. 
Published: November 2006

ABSTRACT Sous vide technology, which implies vacuum packaging, pasteurization and storage at a chill temperature, also implies a challenge to obtain a balance between an extended shelf life and microbiological safety of the product with a fresh‐like appearance and a high nutritional value. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of fat content of two fish species (salmon and trout) on survival of mesophilic, psychrotrophic, Enterobacteriaceae, Micrococaceae and anaerobes during sous vide cooking and their control during chilled storage for 3, 20 and 45 days. Proximate and fatty acid composition was also determined using a traditional cooking method. Analyses were undertaken comparatively with the same culinary technique for sous vide and traditionally cooked fish. Higher fat levels in all products resulted in fewer microbial reductions. In order to establish adequate pasteurization (temperature/time) combinations for the assurance of microbial quality and shelf life of sous vide processed fish, fat content and fatty acid composition of food should be considered.
ENCOUNTERING SELF‐HARM IN PSYCHOTHERAPY AND COUNSELLING PRACTICE
Authors: Turp Maggie 
Published: November 2006

ABSTRACT
This paper offers a perspective on self‐harm as encountered by psychotherapists and counsellors practising in non‐institutional settings. The author notes that the background of epidemiological information, which might inform clinical practice with these clients, is far from satisfactory. Difficulties in establishing an accurate epidemiology of self‐harm are considered. Some common responses to incidents of selfharm are then explored, with particular reference to countertransference issues and the lack of containment (Bion 1962) available to practitioners in some professions.A brief overview of theoretical perspectives on self‐harm is followed by a more detailed account of the contributions of Welldon (1988), Bion (1962, 1967) and Winnicott (1949, 1962, 1967). The author describes and discusses her work with clients who harm themselves, drawing primarily upon the concepts of‘projective identification’ (Klein 1946),‘containment’ (Bion 1962) and‘psychosomatic indwelling’ (Winnicott 1967).