bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transformasi Peran Pengawas Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Dikotomi Kebijakan Pendidikan
Authors: Ia Hidarya  , Nanong Sudarna  , Lia Febriliana  , Suhendri  
Published: April 2024

Seiring transformasi peran pengawas sekolah yang digulirkan kemdikbudristek dari, semula sebagai pengendali menjadi pendamping satuan pendidikan semakin mempertajam nuansa dikotomi pengelolaan pendidikan di tengah-tengah hadirnya pengawas mata pelajaran pendidikan agama Islam pada sekolah. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya dikotomi kebijakan pendidikan yang berdampak terhadap tidak optimalnya pelaksanaan fungsi dan peran Pengawas PAI pada sekolah di Kabupaten Sukabumi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tentang transformasi peran pengawas pendidikan agama Islam dalam dikotomi kebijakan pendidikan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunaan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Hasil temuan penelitian menunjukkan: 1) Peranan tugas dan fungsi pengawas PAI ; 2) Akar permasalahan utama yang dihadapi pengawas PAI adalah adanya dua standar kebijakan kebijakan yang berbeda antara kemenag dan kemdikbudristek; 3) Upaya-upaya perbaikan yang dilakukan oleh Kemenag RI, Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Sukabumi, dan Kemenag Kabupaten Sukabumi. Rekomendasi penelitian ini ditujukan kepada Kementerian Agama RI, agar membuat standar kebijakan jabatan fungsional pengawas PAI yang relevan dengan kebijakan kemdikburistek sebagai instansi pembina, sehingga jelas dalam kedudukan, peran dan fungsinya, terarah dan terukur pola pembinaannya dari hulu sampai hilir, baik dalam sistem penganggaran, peningkatan kompetensi maupun pengembangan karir. Tidak terjadi lagi ambiguitas, dimana saat ini kedudukan pengawas PAI dari sisi kepegawaiannya dibawah pemerintah daerah/dinas pendidikan, sedangkan dalam menjalankan tugas dan fungsinya termasuk tunjangan profesi yang diterima didasarkan pada kebijakan Kementerian Agama, selanjutnya sasaran tugas adalah sekolah yang notabene dibawah naungan pemerintah daerah/dinas pendidikan
Challenges in the Implimentation of Mother Tohgue Education in Nigerian Schools: The Way Forward
Authors: Mahuta Salihu Adamu 
Published: April 2024

The paper focuses on the use of mother tongue as a medium of instruction at pre-primary and primary levels of education is very vital for educational development of our children. Researches have shown that the child learns better and quicker his mother tongue is used in instruction than using a foreign language (English). This paper discusses the provision made by national policy on education (NPE) on the relevance and importance of mother tongue in education. It also highlights the benefit of mother tongue as a medium of instruction at both pr-primary and primary levels. In addition, the challenges of implementation of mother tongue education are not left un discussed, the effective way to the implementation of mother tongue education in Nigeria, finally followed by the conclusion
Trademark Protection Index: A Comparative Evaluation of Pakistan and the United Kingdom (UK)
Authors: Baig Khurram , Laghari Ali Raza , Hashmi Muhammad Ahsan Iqbal , Naeem Ali 
Published: April 2024

The protection of trademarks is a major difficulty for less and more developed countries which are investigated in this research that focuses on Pakistan and the UK. While previous studies have put so much emphasis on innovation and patents, trademarks stand out as just as great all over the economy sectors. The study will conduct a comparative analysis of trademark protection indices over a decade using secondary data from International Property Rights (IPRI) website. The study concludes some major weaknesses that are responsible for intellectual property rights violations both in Pakistan and UK in the present time. It is fact that there is need to have law reforming in both nations that will make them fall into line with those of fully developed ones. Finally, given these findings it is clear reforms are necessary where trademark protection are concerned and thus suggestions have been made towards improvement in each jurisdiction.
Development of Resin Handicrafts (Crude Oil Derivative Products) for Students at MTs Negeri 7 Kampar
Authors: Novrianti  , Richa Melysa  , Irwan Anwar  , Teguh Sahibillah Alfajri  , Ochi Willya Chevrananda  
Published: April 2024

The program for promoting the creation of resin-based handicrafts (a byproduct of crude oil) is conducted at MTS Negeri 7 Kampar, the village o Kuntu in the Kampar District. This village is known for being one of the places of religious tourism attraction, particularly the tomb of Syekh Burhanuddin. The community service activity (PKM) aims to introduce students to various resin-based handicrafts and to provide them with direct hands-on experience. The methods for this activity involve preparing equipment and materials and creating sample handicrafts at the Faculty of Engineering, Islamic University of Riau. The implementation includes educating and training the students, with evaluations carried out through pre-tests and post-tests to measure the students' knowledge improvement in relation to resin, as well as evaluating the success of the students' crafted handicrafts. The results of this community service activity have successfully increased students' knowledge and skills by 100%, as shown by a questionnaire survey conducted both before and after the resin-based handicraft creation mentoring.
Case Report on Brown Tumor: An Unusual Expression of Renal Osteodystrophy and Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Krishna Abhishek S , Nair Harikrishnan V , K F Sandeep , Dharan Shaiju S , Dharman Dhanya 
Published: April 2024

The new term of ‘Chronic Kidney Disease- Mineral and Bone Disorders’ has been introduced to encompass a wide-ranging syndrome, capturing various abnormalities in bone and mineral metabolism seen in patients with chronic kidney disease. Multifactorial disorders affecting mineral metabolism and bone structure emerge early in the progression of Chronic Kidney Disease. Brown tumors, an uncommon type of bone lesion are distinctive manifestations of high-turnover bone disease. In this case, a patient with chronic kidney disease (dialysis dependent) with IgA nephropathy that presented with multiple osseous lesions of bilateral ribs, sternum, scapula, clavicle, mandible and vertebral bodies. The case highlights the significance of considering brown tumors in the differential diagnosis and management of patients with both an osseous mass and chronic kidney disease. Failing to establish an accurate diagnosis may result in unnecessary additional diagnostic procedures and extensive surgery, ultimately increasing patient morbidity. Through this case report, the importance of preventing, early diagnosing, and treating secondary hyperparathyroidism to reduce the prevalence of high-turnover bone disease and associated complications such as brown tumors is emphasized.
Elucidating Drought Tolerance Potential of Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines through Polyethylene Glycol Induced Drought Stress
Authors: Islam Nusrat ul , Rather M. A. , Sofi P. A. , Wani M. A. , Ali Gowhar , Wani Fehim, J. , Kumar B. , Shikari A. B. , Dar Z. A. , Kauser Shaheen , Bhat Asif Ahmad , Hussan Shamshir Ul , Ahngar Tanveer Ahmad 
Published: April 2024

Drought is one of the most distressing environmental stresses restraining the crop production . Drought undermines the plant growth from seedling to maturity and the studies have unveiled that the harmful impact of drought results in crops due to the damages perceived during crucial stages of development namely, germination, seedling development and flowering stages. Biometric elements and indices at an early growth stage could be employed in designing the selection criteria to figure out the drought tolerant genotypes. Breeding for drought-prone environments is constrained by lack of suitable selection indices of drought stress resistance. The present study was conducted to determine the reliability of in-vitro screening method for initiating drought breeding programme. Poly ethylene glycol (PEG) has been used often as abiotic stress inducer in many studies to screen drought tolerant germplasm. The present investigation was carried out to reveal the drought tolerance potential of 103 maize inbred lines by in-vitro screening under three levels of PEG levels viz., 0% as control, 10% and 20% and evaluating their effect on the root parameters like primary root length, number of seminals roots , number of lateral roots and root biomass. The seedlings exhibited a significant variation for all the traits analyzed. All the root parameters had highest value under control and had significant decline with increasing PEG concentrations (0% < 10% < 20%). The inbreds showing the best level of drought tolerance at all levels of PEG induced stress can be used as a source of drought tolerance for the improvement of drought tolerant hybrids . The variation among maize inbreds for these traits was found to be an ideal indicator to screen the drought tolerant genotypes at early growth stages.
Waiving informed consent in newborn screening research: Balancing social value and respect
Authors: Tarini Beth A. , Burke Wylie , Scott C. Ronald , Wilfond Benjamin S. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractWhile newborn screening (NBS) programs have historically relied on presumptive benefit in deciding when to implement new tests, experience has demonstrated that this approach can lead to screening tests that lack efficacy or, worse yet, cause harm. Population‐based NBS research provides an opportunity to evaluate safety and effectiveness of potential tests prior to widespread implementation. Using the example of Pompe disease, we argue that waiving the requirement for informed consent is appropriate for research evaluating the screening phase of potential NBS tests when data support the potential health benefits of testing and when other research safeguards are present. The regulatory requirement for informed consent can be waived if a research study meets criteria of minimal risk, protecting rights and welfare, and practicability. In population‐based NBS research, the main risks are related to false positive results and results with ambiguous implications for treatment—risks that are comparable to those posed by many tests newly added to NBS programs without prior population‐based NBS research. Waiving the informed consent requirement facilitates the development of flexible strategies for informing and educating parents about NBS research that reflect the logistics of population‐based NBS screening. A strict interpretation of the regulatory requirement of informed consent may create significant logistical and financial barriers to adequate evaluation of NBS tests. Without a broader interpretation of this regulatory requirement in NBS research for which there is evidence of a clinically meaningful benefit from treatment, we may create incentives for the implementation of inadequately evaluated NBS tests. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of different compatibilisers on nanoclay dispersion, thermal stability, and burning behavior of polypropylene–nanoclay blends
Authors: Kandola Baljinder K. , Smart Gillian , Horrocks A. Richard , Joseph Paul , Zhang Sheng , Hull T. Richard , Ebdon John , Hunt Barry , Cook Andy 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe dispersion of nanoclays in nonpolar polypropylene (PP) is difficult without the use of a small fraction (1–3%) of modified grafted PP as a compatibiliser. This work reports the effect of different graft‐modified polypropylenes on the dispersion of nanoclays in PP, and thermal stability and flammability of the blends. PP has been compounded in a Brabender compounder with a selection of modified PP polymers as compatibilisers. The grafts include maleic anhydride, N‐ethylmaleimide, diethylmaleate, diethyl‐p‐vinylbenzyl phosphonate, and acrylic acid‐2‐[(diethoxyphosphoryl)methylamino] ethyl ester. Films were cast from the blends by compression molding and the nanocomposite structures assessed using X‐ray diffraction. Thermal characterization was performed using DSC and TGA, the burning behavior was observed using limiting oxygen index measurements, and cone calorimetry where samples were exposed to 35 kW/m2 external heat flux. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Differential pharmacological regulation of drug efflux and pharmacoresistant schizophrenia
Authors: Bebawy Mary , Chetty Manoranjenni 
Published: January 2008

AbstractPharmacoresistant schizophrenia is a significant impediment to the successful management of the disease. The expression and function of P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) has recently been implicated in this phenomenon. P‐gp is a multidrug efflux transporter that prevents drug substrates from crossing the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Although the direct interaction between individual antipsychotic agents and P‐gp has been demonstrated, the effect of antipsychotic drug combinations used in disease management on P‐gp transport function remains to be elucidated. This could have important clinical implications in some individuals as dosage adjustments based on plasma drug concentration changes may not always be appropriate if drug–drug interactions and the resulting changes in drug concentration in the brain are not considered. This paper introduces the potential impact that combination antipsychotic therapy may have on P‐gp function at the BBB and discusses the consequences of this in the prevention and circumvention of unfavourable therapeutic response in schizophrenic disorders. BioEssays 30:183–188, 2008. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Which way does the Wnt blow? Exploring the duality of canonical Wnt signaling on cellular aging
Authors: DeCarolis Nathan A. , Wharton Keith A. , Eisch Amelia J. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractCritical cellular functions, including stem cell maintenance, fate determination, and cellular behavior, are governed by canonical Wnt signaling, an evolutionarily conserved pathway whose intracellular signal is transduced by β‐catentin. Emerging evidence suggests that canonical Wnt signaling influences cellular aging, indicating that increases in Wnt signaling delay age‐related deficits.1 However, recent Science papers suggest that Wnt signaling accelerates the onset of aging.2,3 In an attempt to resolve this paradox and clarify how Wnt signaling affects aging, we provide a selective review of research relevant to Wnt signaling and aging. BioEssays 30:102–106, 2008. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Another notch in stem cell biology: Drosophila intestinal stem cells and the specification of cell fates
Authors: Wilson Andrew A. , Kotton Darrell N. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractPrevious work has suggested that many stem cells can be found in microanatomic niches, where adjacent somatic cells of the niche control the differentiation and proliferation states of their resident stem cells. Recently published work examining intestinal stem cells (ISCs) in the adult Drosophila midgut suggests a new paradigm where some stem cells actively control the cell fate decisions of their daughters. Here, we review recent literature(1) demonstrating that, in the absence of a detectable stem cell niche, multipotent Drosophila ISCs modulate the Notch signaling pathway in their adjacent daughter cells in order to specify the differentiated lineages of their descendants. These observations made in Drosophila are challenging and advancing our understanding of stem cell biology. BioEssays 30:107–109, 2008. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Density Functional Study on Adsorption of NO on AuSe (010) Surface
Authors: XU Xiang‐Lan , CHEN Wen‐Kai , WANG Xia , SUN Bao‐Zhen , LI Yi , LU Chun‐Hai 
Published: January 2008

AbstractNO molecule adsorption on (010) surface of gold selenide (AuSe) has been studied with a periodic slab model by means of the GGA‐PW91 exchange‐correlation functional within the framework of density functional theory (DFT). Four different on‐top adsorption sites Au(1), Au(2), Se(1) and Se(2) were considered for α‐AuSe and three on‐top adsorption sites Au(1), Au(2) and Se(1) for β‐AuSe. N‐end and O‐end adsorptions of NO were investigated for the above sites. The results show that N‐end adsorptions are preferred for α‐ and β‐AuSe and O‐end adsorptions are not feasible and thought as physisorption with the weak adsorption energies from 6.0 to 10.8 kJ/mol. For the N‐end adsorptions on α‐ and β‐AuSe (010) surfaces, Au(2) sites are most favorable with the adsorption energies 89.0 and 78.0 kJ/mol for α‐ and β‐AuSe, respectively. However, the adsorptions at Au1 sites are very weak with the adsorption energies of 27.8 and 7.5 kJ/mol, respectively. In case of the adsorption of N‐down orientations of NO at Se sites for α‐ and β‐AuSe (010) surfaces, the adsorption activities of Se(1) and Se(2) sites on the α‐AuSe (010) surface and Se(1) site on the β‐AuSe (010) surface are almost the same with the adsorption energies 51.2, 52.7 and 49.2 kJ/mol. The geometric optimizations for adsorption configurations were calculated along with accounting for stretching frequency and density of states in our work.
Probing Cellular Binding of Dendrofullerene by in‐situ Electrochemical Contact Angle Measurement
Authors: ZHOU Jian , ZHANG Ren‐Yun , WU Chun‐Hui , ZHAO Xue‐Yan , ZHENG Li‐Qiang , FU De‐Gang , CHEN Bao‐An , WANG Xue‐Mei 
Published: January 2008

AbstractDendrofullerene (C60DF) is a novel fullerene derivative with potential and promising biomedical applications. In this work, electrochemical/contact angle behavior of C60DF in the cellular system has been explored by in‐situ electrochemical contact angle measurement. This measuring system is a newly developed technique which can provide electrochemical and contact angle detection simultaneously. The electrochemical results indicate that dendrofullerene may effectively bind and permeate the tumor cell membrane and then distribute into the cancer cells. Our observations of in‐situ electrochemical contact angle measurement also illustrate that the permeation and interaction of C60DF with target cancer cells may lead to some variation of the configurational structure of the relative cell membrane and thus result in the change of hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties of target cellular system. Furthermore, through confocus fluorescence microscopy study we found that, upon application of C60DF, the intracellular accumulation of anticancer drug daunorubicin in leukemia K562 cells could be remarkably enhanced by C60DF. Therefore fullerene derivatives were demonstrated to be a good candidate that can play an important role in improving the intracellular drug uptake in the target cancer cells.
Thermal Decomposition of 4‐Nitroimidazole Catalyzed by Pb(NO3)2
Authors: LI Ji‐Zhen , FAN Xue‐Zhong , LIU Xiao‐Gang , ZHENG Xiao‐Dong 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe thermal decomposition of 4‐nitroimidazole catalyzed by Pb(NO3)2 was studied by the combination technique of in situ thermolysis cell with rapid‐scan Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (thermolysis/RSFT‐IR). The results showed that the decomposition of 4‐nitroimidazole began with the split of the C–NO2 bond in the temperature range of 185–210 °C. The strongly oxidative product NO2 destroyed the instable annulus of 4‐nitroimidazole instantly, all the other CN, CC, C–H and N–H bonds of the five membered ring were broken simultaneously, and the detected gas products of 4‐nitroimidazole decomposition were NO2, CO2 and CO.
Preparation of a Novel COOH Ion Implantation Sensor and Its Application
Authors: GAO Dong‐Mei , ZHAO Dan‐Ling , HU Jing‐Bo , LI Qi‐Long 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA novel ion implantation sensor (DNA/COOH/ITO) based on DNA immobilization in COOH/ITO probe was manufactured for the first time. The surface morphologies of the electrodes were characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field‐emission‐scanning electron microscopy (FSEM) and electrochemical methods. In a 0.5 mol/L PBS solution, a sensitive oxidation peak of DNA on the COOH/ITO electrode was obtained by voltammetry. The electrochemical behavior of DNA was studied. And the oxidative peak potential of DNA was +0.400 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). Its peak current was proportional to the concentration of DNA over the range of 1.0×10−8−1.0×10−6 mol/L with a detection limit of 5.0×10−9 mol/L (about 0.5 ng/mL). This sensor was applied to the direct detection of DNA samples.
A New pH Indicator Based on 2,5‐Diaryl‐1‐salicylideneamino‐1,3,4‐triazole Derivative
Authors: GUNDOGDU Ali , BULUT Volkan N. , DURAN Celal , KEMER Baris , BEKIRCAN Olcay , SOYLAK Mustafa 
Published: January 2008

Abstract2‐Phenyl‐5‐p‐tolyl‐1‐salicylideneamino‐1,3,4‐triazole (PTST) was studied among 2,5‐diaryl‐1‐salicylidene amino‐1,3,4‐triazole derivatives as a novel potential pH indicator. In terms of absorption intensity coming from the acid‐base reactions, PTST showed strong yellow‐green colour with high extinction coefficient in the pH range 7.0–9.5. In addition, the corresponding colour development at the transition point can be attributed to the resonance structures of PTST, which were caused by the hydrogen ion dissociation from the acidic form of the compound in the presence of alkali. The full geometric optimization and achievement of the electronic structure of the molecule were performed by an AM1 semiempirical method. The triazole compound was compared with phenolphthalein (PT), which is widely used as an acid‐base indicator in titrimetry, for accuracy test.
Study of the Molecular Recognition of Nucleotides and Bases by a Novel Calixarene Derivative Containing Uracil
Authors: SHI Hui‐Jie , SHI Xian‐Fa , YAO Tian‐Ming , JI Liang‐Nian 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA calix[4]arene derivative containing uracil, 5‐(uracil‐N1‐acetamido)‐25,26,27,28‐tetrahy droxycalix[4]‐arene (UC), was designed and synthesized. The interaction with nucleotides and bases has also been studied by ESI‐MS and π‐A isotherms. The results of ESI‐MS showed that UC could recognize adenine and adenosine from other nucleotides and bases. In addition, π‐A isotherms at the air‐water interface indicated that there was interaction between UC and the species in the subphase, and the respective complexes were formed in the monolayer. The mean molecular area at zero surface pressure increased with the sizes of the nucleotides and bases in the subphase in the order: water<adenine<adenosine<ATP·Na2.
Effect of Cross Linking Agent on Alkali/Surfactant/Polymer
Authors: ZHANG Ke , LU Xiang‐Guo 
Published: January 2008

AbstractAlkali/surfactant/polymer (ASP) multisystem flooding technique, which has an expansive application prospect, is one of the enhancing oil recovery (EOR) methods. By adding the organic chromium to the ASP, the molecular structure of polymer was made to change, and the capability of controlling mobility coefficient of ASP was improved. The results showed that multisystem could still keep ultra‐low interfacial tension between the multisystem and crude oil after addition of Cr3+. The resistance factor and residual resistance factor, the indicator which describes the capability of controlling mobility, upgraded strikingly. However its storage modulus and loss modulus, the indicator which describes viscoelasticity, increased. The results of physical simulation experiment indicated that this type of improved ASP could increase the recovery ratio by 4.3% compared to common ASP multisystem.