bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A monoclonal antibody (fmg25) that can differentiate neuroblastoma from other small round‐cell tumours of childhood
Authors: Gibson F. M. , Kemshead J. T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe monoclonal antibody (MAb), FMG25, raised following immunization of mice with the human T cell line HUT 78, binds to human neuroblastoma but not to other small round‐cell tumours of childhood (rhabdomyosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma). The specificity of the reagent is paralleled on normal tissues binding to brain but not frozen sections of thymus, tonsil, lymph node and spleen. Of the 15 T‐cell malignancies examined, only 3, belonging to the large T‐cell type, were positive. This represents only 50% of this type examined. Only one early case of pre‐B ALL was found to be positive for FMG25 binding out of 27 non‐T‐cell malignancies. The pattern of reactivity of FMG25 makes the MAb useful as a diagnostic reagent in paediatric pathology. In addition, the antibody may be useful as one of a panel of reagents applied to detect and remove tumour cells from bone marrow harvested for autologous transplantation.
Recurrent deletions of chromosomes 11q and 3p in anal canal carcinoma
Authors: Muleris Martine , Salmon Rémy‐Jacques , Girodet Jacques , Zafrani Brigitte , Dutrillaux Bernard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA cytogenetic study of 8 cases of anal canal cancer, including I cloacogenic and 7 squamous‐cell carcinomas, was performed. All tumors exhibited chromosomal abnormalities. A rearrangement involving the long arm of chromosome 11 was seen in all instances, and, with the exception of the i (11q) found in one tumor, all the observed rearrangements resulted in a deletion of the distal segment. Rearrangements of chromosome 3, detected in 6 tumors, led to a deletion of the short arm in 5 cases. The association of these 2 deletions may characterize the anal canal carcinoma, the smallest common deleted segments being distal to 11q22 or q23 and 3p22.
Suppression of transformed phenotypes in intraspecific somatic cell hybrid clones between the c‐myc activating mouse plasmacytoma line and normal cells
Authors: Oikawa Tsuneyuki , Kuzumaki Noboru , Yamada Toshiyuki , Chiba Itsuo , Yamagiwa Seiji 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe role of normal‐cell‐derived chromosome 15 in suppressing transformed phenotypes was studied in intraspecific hybrid clones between the c‐myc oncogene activating BALB/c mouse plasmacytoma (S194) cells and normal spleen cells or fibroblasts from CBA/H‐T6 mice. All the hybrid clones between S194 and normal spleen cells grew very rapidly in suspension and formed colonies in soft agar. In contrast, the hybrid clones between S194 and normal fibroblasts grew slowly in an attached form. They were divided into 2 groups on the basis of their morphology and growth properties: most clones showed flat type morphology, and no colony formation was seen in soft agar, while some clones grew in a piled‐up fashion and formed colonies in soft agar. The hybrid clones between S194 and normal spleen cells lost some normal‐cell‐derived chromosomes but retained most tumor‐derived marker chromosomes including the t(12;15) chromosome which carried the activated c‐myc oncogene. On the other hand, hybrid clones between S194 cells and normal fibroblasts retained almost all chromosomes from both parental cells. With respect to retention of normal‐cell‐derived chromosome 15, both the flat and piled‐up type clones retained 2 copies each of the t(14;15) and T6 marker chromosomes, the normal counterparts of the t(12;15) chromosomes. Our results suggest that the transformed phenotypes of the hybrid clones between S194 cells and normal fibroblasts are negatively modulated by normal‐cell‐derived chromosomes but not by normal‐cell‐derived chromosome 15 alone.
Differential expression of endogenous sugar‐binding proteins (lectins) in murine tumor model systems with metastatic capacity
Authors: Gabius Hans‐J. , Bandlow Gert , Schirrmacher Volker , Nagel Gerd A. , Vehmeyer Katalin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn order to investigate possible differences in sugar binding activities of strongly versus weakly metastatic tumors, sugarbinding molecules (endogenous lectins) of murine tumor cells differing in metastatic capacity were analyzed by affinity chromatography on supports with immobilized sugars or glycoproteins and compared. After elution with specific sugar in the absence of Ca2+‐ions, the proteins were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. In comparison to a weakly metastatic subline (Eb) spontaneous strongly metastatic variants (ESb) of a murine lymphoma contained additional sugar receptors for N‐acetylglucosamine (Mr 30 kDa) and maltose (Mr 64 kDa, 62 kDa, 54 kDa and 32 kDa), and lacked one sugar receptor for myoinositol (Mr 85 kDa), N‐acetylglucosamine (Mr 23 kDa) and maltose (Mr 22 kDa), respectively. The strongly metastatic variant ESb expressed the common β‐galactoside‐specific lectin to a higher extent and receptors for myo‐inositol, melibiose and mannan to a lower extent. In another model system derived from the murine mastocytoma cell line P 815 × 2A, biochemical analysis of the liver‐metastasizing variant P 815 × 2B revealed additional characteristic N‐acetylgalactos‐amine‐ and maltose‐specific binding proteins. This variant had reduced amounts of receptors for β‐galactosides and fucose in comparison to the parental clone. In a third tumor system a similar qualitative difference was disclosed: a metastatic variant derived from spleen metastases displayed a sugar receptor profile with 5 additional β‐galactoside‐binding proteins when compared to its parental clone 6‐6#3 + F, which is a virally transformed fibroblast line. The results show that metastatic variants of 3 murine tumor models consisting of lymphomas, mastocytomas and sarcomas are characterized by qualitative and quantitative alterations in the profiles of sugar‐binding proteins.
Presence of in vivo‐activated t‐cells expressing hla‐dr molecules and il‐2 receptors in peripheral blood of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Lakhdar M. , Ellouz R. , Kammoun H. , Ben H'Tira S. , Khedhiri N. , Kastally R. , Fridman W. H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEpstein‐Barr Virus (EBV) is associated with two malignant diseases, African Burkitt's Lymphoma (BL) and Undifferentiated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (UNPC). North Africa is a geographical area with a high incidence of NPC. Our purpose in this study was to explore cell‐mediated immunity of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from patients with UNPC and DNPC. We found an elevated percentage of OKT8 cells and of large granular lymphocytes (LGL) (30 ‐ 35% HNK‐I‐positive cells) compared to PBL from healthy matched individuals. PBL from NPC patients contained 35% HLA‐DR‐ positive and 30% Interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) receptor‐positive circulating lymphocytes. PBL from NPC patients exhibited a normal proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and Concanavalin A (Con A) and an increased response to pokeweed mitogen (PWM). Natural killer (NK) activity towards K562 cells was low in our patients who, in addition, exhibited no lytic activity against HLA‐matched EBV‐transformed B cells. This lack of cytotoxicity against an EBV‐transformed B‐cell line cannot be explained by an impairment of IL‐2 secretion, and is probably a result of the presence of high numbers of OKT8 suppressor T cells.
Melanoma cell lysis by human CTL clones: Differential involvement of T3, T8 and HLA antigens
Authors: Fossati Giuseppe , Anichini Andrea , Parmiani Giorgio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree lymphocyte clones, derived by micromanipulation from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of a melanoma patient and expressing a broad pattern of reactivity against different target cells, were analyzed for the involvement of T‐cell markers and HLA antigens in the lysis of target cells by blocking experiments with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). The clones lysed autologous melanoma cells (Me 28) and 18 out of 22 allogeneic targets including neoplastic and normal cells of different histological origin. Anti‐T3 and anti‐T8 MAbs strongly inhibited the cytotoxicity of the lymphocyte clones against Me 28, 3 allogeneic melanomas and 3 carcinomas, but failed to affect the lysis of K562. Anti‐HLA class‐I MAb (w6/32) produced a significant enhancement of the lysis of Me 28 by the 3 clones without modifying cytotoxicity against one allogeneic melanoma or against K562 cells. Anti‐HLA class‐11 MAb (D1.12) did not affect the lysis of the same targets by the 3 clones. These results thus indicate that some anti‐melanoma CTL clones may interact with autologous tumor cells by the T3 and T8 structures in an HLA class‐1 unrestricted manner.
Cellular heterogeneity and drug resistance in two ovarian adenocarcinoma cell lines derived from a single patient
Authors: Wolf C. Roland , Hayward Ian P. , Lawrie Sandra S. , Buckton Karin , McIntyre Margaret A. , Adams David J. , Lewis Alexander D. , Scott Angela R. R. , Smyth John F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo ovarian cell lines were derived from the ascites of a patient before and after the onset of resistance to chemotherapy involving cis‐platinum, chlorambucil and 5‐fluorouracil. Characterization of these lines shows them to have various features in common and some significant differences. Cytologically the lines cannot be distinguished and they both contain high concentrations of oestrogen receptor. However, they do differ with respect to their growth characteristics, karyotype, glutathione content and sensitivity to cis‐platinum. The karyotypes of the 2 lines show several marker chromosomes in common but the resistant line contained a chromosome 8 and a 17 which were absent from the earlier sensitive line. This suggests a clonal origin with subsequent divergence to a heterogeneous population.
Hot beverages and oesophageal cancer in southern brazil: A case‐control study
Authors: Victora Cesar G. , Muñoz Nubia , Day Nicholas E. , Barcelos Lucio B. , Peccin Debora A. , Braga Noris M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThere is a cluster of high‐incidence areas of oesophageal cancer in south‐eastern South America, including Southern Brazil, Uruguay and parts of Argentina. The present case‐control study investigated the hypothesis that this may be due to the drinking of maté, a traditional beverage drunk at a very high temperature, and also studied the role of other known risk factors such as alcohol and tobacco. Cases (171) and age‐ and sex‐matched controls (342) were recruited from hospitals in the State of Rio Grande do Sul in Southern Brazil. The crude odds ratio for daily maté drinkers was 1.92 relative to those drinking less frequently than daily (p = 0.006). Other risk factors included the drinking of cachaça (a sugar cane spirit), smoking, rural residence, low fruit consumption and high intake of meats. After adjustment for these variables through conditional logistic regression, the odds ratio associated with daily maté drinking was reduced to 1.47 (90% CI = 0.87 ‐ 2.50). Although the study failed to provide evidence of a strong association between maté and oesophageal cancer, the cluster of high rates could be explained by relative risks of the magnitude observed. This is due to the fact that approximately 70% of adult males and 50% of females are daily drinkers. In addition, this study revealed that alcohol, tobacco smoking and rural residence are the main risk factors for oesophageal cancer in this population and the fruit consumption confers some degree of protection.
Immune control of SV40‐induced tumors in mice
Authors: Pan Sueihua , Abramczuk Jan , Knowles Barbara B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe ability of mice to mount a cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte (CTL) immune response to SV40 T‐antigen is determined by the H‐2 haplotype of the host; H‐2b and k mice are high responders and H‐2d mice are low responders. Mice of these 3 H‐2 haplotypes were challenged with SV40 and their ability to generate and sustain an antibody response to SV40 T‐antigen was found to be equivalent. To investigate the role of the different components of the host immune response in controlling growth of SV40‐induced tumors, the tumorigenic potential of freshly established cell lines, obtained by SV40 transformation of cells from normal tissues of inbred strains of mice of 6 H‐2 haplotypes, was assessed. Each cell line was tumorigenic in athymic and newborn mice but not in adult syngeneic immunocompetent mice. Cells from these initial SV40‐transformed lines were then passaged in athymic (nu/nu) mice, re‐established in vitro and again transferred into syngeneic animals. Transfer of H‐2d SV40 transformants to low or non‐responder mice of the H‐2d haplotype resulted in tumor formation in some animals. Cells derived from these tumors expressed both the viral encoded T‐antigen and the H‐2Dd restriction element. Furthermore, the proportion of animals with tumors varied with the strength of their CTL‐responsiveness to SV40 T‐antigen in association with H‐2Dd. Therefore, in H‐2d animals, tumor cell growth appears to result from escape of cells from inefficient CTL surveillance. No tumors were formed by transfer of the in vivo selected H‐2b or H‐2k SV40 transformants to syngeneic high‐responder mice. We therefore investigated the role of CTL in the selection of SV40‐transformed cells able to escape immune surveillance. Under conditions of stringent immune selection by CTLs, tumorigenic cells that no longer expressed the relevant H‐2 class‐I restriction element were obtained. Although interaction between the various immune effector mechanisms may play a role in the recognition and elimination of SV40 transformants, our results were consistent with the hypothesis that the SV40‐specific CTL response is the predominant control of SV40 tumor growth.
Multiple epitope recognition: An approach to improved radioimmunodetection of tumor‐associated antigens
Authors: Giacomini Patrizio , Segatto Oreste , Natali Pier Giorgio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree MAbs endowed with comparable affinity for 3 distinct epitopes of a HMW‐MAA have been employed to study whether the use of combinations of MAbs might improve the sensitivity of methods for the quantitation of TAAs both on the cell surface and in soluble form. To this end, different combinations and sequences of application of the 3 MAbs were used both in cell‐surface binding experiments and in solid‐phase radioimmunoassays. Results of this study show that only selected combinations of MAbs are capable of significantly improving the sensitivity of methods for HMW‐MAA detection, and that such improvements depend on the order and mode of addition of the 3 reagents. Thus, mixtures of MAbs to distinct epitopes carried by a single TAA molecule are likely to increase the sensitivity of tests for tumor detection both in vitro (i.e. radioimmunoassays) and in vivo (i.e. immunoscintigraphy). However, because the binding properties of such mixtures do not simply reflect those of the individual reagents, protocols for the use of MAb cocktails should be critically evaluated before clinical use.
Dna methylating activity in murine lymphoma cells xenogenized by triazene derivatives
Authors: Puccetti P. , Fuschiotti P. , Dominici P. , Borri‐Voltattorni C. , Romani L. , Fioretti M. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe investigated whether epigenetic rather than mutational events may be involved in the induction of novel immunogenicity (“xenogenization”) in murine lymphoma treated with triazene derivatives. To this end, we assessed the DNA methylation pattern of tumor cells during the course of in vivo or in vitro xenogenization by 2 triazenes, and compared it with the changes induced by the DNA hypomethylating agent 5‐azacytidine (5‐aza). While all of the tested agents were able to increase tumor cell immunogenicity, their effects on DNA methylating activity were opposite. In particular, the novel immunogenicity conferred by 5‐aza treatment correlated well with the extent of hypomethylation induced, whereas xenogenization by triazenes was accompanied by a limited increase in DNA methylating activity. Interestingly, the antimutagenic compound quinacrine, which is known to block the xenogenizing activity of triazenes, was incapable of hypermethylating effects, whereas the hypermethylating agent cytosine arabinoside (ara‐C) was apparently unable to interfere with the induction of novel immunogenicity by triazenes.
Ganglioside GM2 on the K562 cell line is recognized as a target structure by human natural killer cells
Authors: Ando Iwao , Hoon Dave S. B. , Suzuki Yasuo , Saxton Romaine E. , Golub Sidney H. , Irie Reiko F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAlthough human NK cells lyse a wide spectrum of target cells, the precise target structure recognized by NK cells has not yet been elucidated. In order to define a possible relationship between gangliosides on human target cells and susceptibility to NK lysis, 14 human leukemia and lymphoma cell lines were studied. A significant correlation was observed between the quantity of ganglioside GM2 on the target cells and sensitivity to NK lysis. In a single‐cell binding assay purified GM2 specifically inhibited human NK cell binding to K562 target cells while other gangliosides did not inhibit binding. The competitive inhibition of NK cells by GM2 was restricted to the source of tissue from which GM2 was isolated. These results indicate that GM2 is a strong candidate as a target recognition structure for human NK cells.
Recombinant feline viruses containing the myc gene rapidly produce clonal tumours expressing T‐cell antigen receptor gene transcripts
Authors: Onions David , Lees Gillian , Forrest Douglas , Neil James 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe, and others, have recently shown that recombinant feline leukaemia viruses (FeLV) containing the myc gene (FeLV‐myc) occur in up to 30% of naturally occurring cases of T‐cell lymphosarcoma. Investigation of the disease spectrum of two FeLV‐myc isolates showed that they induced clonal or oligoclonal T‐cell tumours after a short latent period. The pheno‐typic pattern of the thymic tumours was restricted in that they all expressed the alpha and beta chains of the T‐cell antigen receptor and could readily be established in culture in vitro without the addition of exogenous interleukin‐2. Although helper FeLV was transmitted from infected cats to uninfected tracer cats, there was no evidence of horizontal transmission of FeLV‐myc viruses, suggesting that these viruses arise de novo in individual cases of thymic lymphosarcoma.
Microscopic metastasis of a human lung carcinoma cell line in athymic nude mice: Isolation of a metastatic variant
Authors: Varki Nissi M. , Roome Leita , Sparkes Robert S. , Miller Jeffrey E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA human lung carcinoma cell line, UCP3, was carried as subcutaneous xenotransplants in athymic mice. Autopsies of these animals showed rare foci of microscopically visible metastases in the lungs and lymph nodes. There were no metastases to any of the other organs. A metastatic variant, 522, was established serendipitously in vitro as a continuous cell line by blind isolation of the pulmonary metastatic foci, at the time of autopsy, from the lungs of the animals that carried subcutaneous xenotransplants of the parental cell line. The parental UCP3 and the metastatic variant 522 were examined by karyotypic and isoenzyme analysis and shown to be human and related. The metastatic variant, 522, metastasizes spontaneously from subcutaneous sites (like the parental UCP3). However, it forms larger subcutaneous xenotransplants and forms more metastatic foci in the lungs of the animals than does the parental cell line. Comparisons of the cell surface glycolipids show many similarities and a few differences. This model system may now be used for further investigations into the processes of metastasis of this human neoplasm.
Characterization of neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) expressed by ewing and neuroblastoma cell lines
Authors: Lipinski Marc , Hirsch Marie‐Rose , Deagostini‐Bazin Hermine , Yamada Osamu , Tursz Thomas , Goridis Christo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe status of the neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM gene which is mapped to human chromosome 11q23–24 has been investigated in Ewing‐tumor‐derived cell lines which present the t(11;22)(q23–24;q12) translocation characteristic of this malignancy. No rearrangement was detected when 2 different non‐overlapping probes to mouse NCAM were used. The expression of the NCAM gene was analysed at both the protein and messenger levels in material extracted from Ewing cell lines, human neuroblastoma cell line and fetal mouse brain. Immune blot and immunoprecipitation studies showed that the neuroblastoma cell line contained more NCAM material than the Ewing lines. In neuroblastoma but not in Ewing, the NCAM material had the electrophoretic characteristics of molecules with long polysialic acid chains. After treatment with endosialidase, the diffusely migrating neuroblastoma material was resolved into 3 discrete bands of 120, 140 and 180 kDa. In Ewing extract, high‐molecular‐weight NCAM species were also detected with a 3‐band pattern more reminiscent of mature brain. Endoglycosidase F treatment of Ewing NCAM indicated that all 3 species were largely N‐ glycosylated. Northern blot analysis confirmed that NCAM was expressed more abundantly in neuroblastoma than in Ewing cell lines. Among the 4 NCAM messengers (7.0, 6.5, 4.3 and 4.1 kb) detected in the neuroblastoma, the 6.5 kb species was largely predominant. The Ewing messenger RNA pattern was clearly different as the largest 7.0‐kb species was virtually absent and the other bands were of similar intensities.
A rat monoclonal antibody 4D7 produced by a hybridoma established from a yolk‐sac tumor‐bearing rat binds selectively to the stage‐specific embryonic antigen SSEA‐1
Authors: Lindvall Magnus L. , Brodin Thomas , Sjögren Hans Olov 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA monoclonal rat IgM (kappa) antibody (MAb) is produced by a hybridoma obtained by fusion of the rat myeloma Y3 Ag 1.2.3 with spleen cells from a female W/Fu rat bearing a yolksac carcinoma isograft. In the rat this antibody (4D7) shows strong selective binding to all tested yolk‐sac carcinomas, but no binding to cultured cells of a number of other tumor types or to cells of normal tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis of the specificity of the antibody confirmed the strong binding to yolk‐sac carcinomas and also revealed binding to some other rat tissues. These include one colon carcinoma, the embryonic ectoderm and the primitive visceral endoderm of 8.5‐day‐old embryos, the central nervous system and the oviduct epithelium and some cells in the seminal tubules, the gastrointestinal epithelium and associated mucus and also the distal tubuli and collecting ducts of the kidney. The MAb binds strongly to purified SSEA‐1 but not to purified Lewis A glycolipid. It is concluded that the 4D7 MAb recognizes a determinant which is identical to or includes Galβ1–4(Fucα1–3) GlcNAc. The immunogenicity of the SSEA‐1 determinant is further confirmed by the demonstration that antibodies binding to purified SSEA‐1 but not to Lewis A appear in the sera of some of the rats developing primary yolk‐sac carcinoma.