bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Working toward reunification in New South Wales: Professional perspectives on navigating complex systems
Authors: Collings Susan , McLaine Meredith , Ciftci Sarah , Luu Betty 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAchieving timely “permanency” for children after statutory child removal has become a key policy driver internationally. In New South Wales, child protection reforms include prioritising reunification; introducing time frames for resolution of legal proceedings; and outsourcing a substantial proportion of casework to the non‐government sector. In assessing the viability of reunification, courts place responsibility for behaviour change on parents and obscure the role of systems in supporting these changes. Professionals, as actors within a complex system, have an insider perspective on factors that influence reunification. A qualitative study was undertaken to elicit the perspectives of professionals working with parents involved in care proceedings. A total of 29 caseworkers and lawyers took part in focus groups. Complexity theory was used as an interpretive framework, and thematic analysis was completed. Themes about barriers to reunification exposed the unintended consequences of change in a complex adaptive system. Far from making reunification more achievable by streamlining the legal process, changes introduced impediments in the form of role, goal and process confusion and low levels of professional confidence in their capacity to help parents and achieve predictable legal outcomes. These results strengthen calls for a different approach to confront system‐induced barriers. Embedding interagency collaboration, challenging risk narratives about parents and offering them dedicated services are areas that demand urgent attention in order to ensure no child, whose safety and best interests could be met by reunification, remains in care.
Structural white matter properties and cognitive resilience to tau pathology
Authors: Qiu Ting , Liu Zhen‐Qi , Rheault François , Legarreta Jon Haitz , Valcourt Caron Alex , St‐Onge Frédéric , Strikwerda‐Brown Cherie , Metz Amelie , Dadar Mahsa , Soucy Jean‐Paul , Pichet Binette Alexa , Spreng R. Nathan , Descoteaux Maxime , Villeneuve Sylvia ,   for the PREVENT‐AD Research Group
Published: April 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe assessed whether macro‐ and/or micro‐structural white matter properties are associated with cognitive resilience to Alzheimer's disease pathology years prior to clinical onset.METHODSWe examined whether global efficiency, an indicator of communication efficiency in brain networks, and diffusion measurements within the limbic network and default mode network moderate the association between amyloid‐β/tau pathology and cognitive decline. We also investigated whether demographic and health/risk factors are associated with white matter properties.RESULTSHigher global efficiency of the limbic network, as well as free‐water corrected diffusion measures within the tracts of both networks, attenuated the impact of tau pathology on memory decline. Education, age, sex, white matter hyperintensities, and vascular risk factors were associated with white matter properties of both networks.DISCUSSIONWhite matter can influence cognitive resilience against tau pathology, and promoting education and vascular health may enhance optimal white matter properties.Highlights
Aβ and tau were associated with longitudinal memory change over ∼7.5 years.
White matter properties attenuated the impact of tau pathology on memory change.
Health/risk factors were associated with white matter properties.
Antidepressant use in relation to dementia risk, cognitive decline, and brain atrophy
Authors: vom Hofe Ilse , Stricker Bruno H. , Vernooij Meike W. , Ikram M. Kamran , Ikram M. Arfan , Wolters Frank J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe aimed to assess the effect of antidepressant use on dementia risk, cognitive decline, and brain atrophy.METHODSIn this prospective cohort study, we included 5511 dementia‐free participants (Mini‐Mental State Examination [MMSE] > 25) of the Rotterdam study (57.5% women, mean age 70.6 years). Antidepressant use was extracted from pharmacy records from 1991 until baseline (2002–2008). Incident dementia was monitored from baseline until 2018, with repeated cognitive assessment and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) every 4 years.RESULTSCompared to never use, any antidepressant use was not associated with dementia risk (hazard ratio [HR] 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.92–1.41), or with accelerated cognitive decline or atrophy of white and gray matter. Compared to never use, dementia risk was somewhat higher with tricyclic antidepressants (HR 1.36, 95% CI 1.01–1.83) than with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.81–1.54), but without dose–response relationships, accelerated cognitive decline, or atrophy in either group.DISCUSSIONAntidepressant medication in adults without indication of cognitive impairment was not consistently associated with long‐term adverse cognitive effects.HighlightsAntidepressant medications are frequently prescribed, especially among older adults.In this study, antidepressant use was not associated with long‐term dementia risk.Antidepressant use was not associated with cognitive decline or brain atrophy.Our results support safe prescription in an older, cognitively healthy population.
Early‐onset dementia and risk of hip fracture and major osteoporotic fractures
Authors: Matsumoto Shoya , Hosoi Tatsuya , Yakabe Mitsutaka , Fujimori Kenji , Tamaki Junko , Nakatoh Shinichi , Ishii Shigeyuki , Okimoto Nobukazu , Akishita Masahiro , Iki Masayuki , Ogawa Sumito 
Published: April 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThere is limited knowledge about early‐onset dementia (EOD) on fracture risk.METHODSIndividuals ages 50 to 64 were identified from the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan (2012 to 2019). The association between EOD and fractures and the association between cholinesterase inhibitors for EOD and fractures were evaluated using logistic regression analyses.RESULTSWe identified 13,614 EOD patients and 9,144,560 cognitively healthy individuals. The analysis revealed that EOD was associated with an increased risk of hip fractures (adjusted odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 8.79, 7.37–10.48), vertebral fractures (1.73, 1.48–2.01), and major osteoporotic fractures (2.05, 1.83–2.30) over 3 years. The use of cholinesterase inhibitors was significantly associated with a reduction in hip fractures among EOD patients (0.28, 0.11–0.69).DISCUSSIONEOD patients have a higher risk of osteoporotic fractures than cognitively healthy individuals. The use of cholinesterase inhibitors may reduce the risk of hip fracture among EOD patients.Highlights
It is unknown whether early‐onset dementia (EOD) increases the risk of fractures.
We identified 13,614 individuals with EOD using a nationwide administrative database.
Patients with EOD have a higher risk of hip, vertebral, and major osteoporotic fractures.
The use of cholinesterase inhibitors may reduce hip fracture among patients with EOD.
Unlocking the Metalation Applications of TMP‐powered Fe and Co(II) bis(amides): Synthesis, Structure and Mechanistic Insights
Authors: Logallo Alessandra , Maddock Lewis C. H. , Mu Manting , Gravogl Lisa , Jin Na , Peñas‐Defrutos Marconi N. , Meyer Karsten , García‐Melchor Max , Hevia Eva 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTypified by LiTMP and TMPMgCl.LiCl, (TMP=2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidide), s‐block metal amides have found widespread applications in arene deprotonative metalation. On the contrary, transition metal amides lack sufficient basicity to activate these substrates. Breaking new ground in this field, here we present the synthesis and full characterisation of earth‐abundant transition metals M(TMP)2 (M=Fe, Co). Uncovering a new reactivity profile towards fluoroarenes, these amide complexes can promote direct M−H exchange processes regioselectively using one or two of their basic amide arms. Remarkably, even when using a perfluorinated substrate, selective C‐H metalation occurs leaving C−F bonds intact. Their kinetic basicity can be boosted by LiCl or NBu4Cl additives which enables formation of kinetically activated ate species. Combining spectroscopic and structural studies with DFT calculations, mechanistic insights have been gained on how these low polarity metalation processes take place. M(TMP)2 can also be used to access ferrocene and cobaltocene by direct deprotonation of cyclopentadiene and undergo efficient CO2 insertion of both amide groups under mild reaction conditions.
Distinguish MnO2/Mn2+ Conversion/ Zn2+ Intercalation/ H+ Conversion Chemistries at Different Potentials in Aqueous Zn||MnO2 Batteries
Authors: Li Chuan , Yuan Haonan , Liu Tong , Zhang Rong , Zhu Jiaxiong , Cui Huilin , Wang Yanbo , Cao Duanyun , Wang Donghong , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe rechargeable aqueous Zn||MnO2 chemistry has been extensively explored, but its electrochemical reaction mechanisms, especially in the context of MnO2/Mn2+ conversion and Zn2+/H+ intercalation chemistry, remain not fully understood. Here, we designed an amphiphilic hydrogel electrolyte, which distinguished the MnO2/Mn2+ conversion, Zn2+ intercalation, and H+ intercalation and conversion processes at three distinct discharge plateaus of an aqueous Zn||MnO2 battery. The amphiphilic hydrogel electrolyte is featured with an extended electrochemical stability window up to 3.0 V, high ionic conductivity, Zn2+‐selective ion tunnels, and hydrophobic associations with cathode materials. This specifically designed electrolyte allows the MnO2/Mn2+ conversion reaction at a discharge plateau of 1.75 V. More interesting, the discharge plateaus of ~1.33 V, previously assigned as the co‐intercalation of Zn2+ and H+ ions in the MnO2 cathode, are specified as the exclusive intercalation of Zn2+ ions, leading to an ultra‐flat voltage plateau. Furthermore, with a distinct three‐step electrochemical energy storage process, a high areal capacity of 1.8 mAh cm−2 and high specific energy of 0.858 Wh cm−2, even at a low MnO2 loading mass of 0.5 mg cm−2 are achieved. To our knowledge, this is the first report to fully distinguish different mechanisms at different potentials in aqueous Zn||MnO2 batteries.
Recent Advances and Opportunities in Reactivating Inactive Lithium in Batteries
Authors: Li Qianya , Liu Hao , Wu Feng , Li Li , Ye Yusheng , Chen Renjie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe loss of active materials is one of the main culprits of the battery failures. As a typical example, the presence of inactive lithium, also known as “dead lithium”, contributes to the rapid capacity deterioration and reduces energy output in lithium batteries. This phenomenon has long been recognized as irreversible. In this Minireview, the first of this kind, we aim to summarize the formation of inactive lithium and reassess its impact on battery performance metrics. Additionally, we explore various strategies that have been devised to rejuvenate inactive lithium. This comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in reactivating inactive lithium not only offers insights into restoring capacity and enhancing battery performance metrics but also provides a foundation for future research in reviving other inactive materials found in next‐generation batteries, such as lithium metal batteries, lithium‐sulfur batteries, other alkali metal batteries, and liquid flow batteries.
Stereodivergent Synthesis of Spiroaminals via Chiral Bifunctional Hydrogen Bonding Organocatalysis
Authors: Gayen Prasenjit , Sar Suman , Ghorai Prasanta 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSpiroaminals represent novel structural motifs prevalent in diverse natural products and biologically active molecules. Achieving their enantioselective synthesis is a highly desirable and challenging task in synthetic endeavors due to their intricate molecular frameworks. Herein, we accomplished the first stereodivergent construction of spiroaminals using chiral bifunctional organocatalyzed intramolecular 1,2‐addition followed by an oxa‐Michael addition cascade in a high atom and step economical pathway. A proper modulation of the cinchona‐derived squaramide catalysts efficiently provided access to all the possible stereoisomers with high yield, diastereoselectivity, and excellent enantioselectivity while displaying a broad substrate tolerance. Additionally, we validated the scalability of the reaction and demonstrated the synthesis of variable spiroaminal scaffolds, confirming the viability of our protocol.
Metalla‐Carbaporphyrinoids Consisting of an Acyclic N‐Confused Tetrapyrrole Analogue Served as Stable Near‐Infrared‐II Dyes
Authors: Basumatary Biju , Tsuruda Hidetoshi , Szczepanik Dariusz W. , Lee Jiyeon , Ryu Jaehyeok , Mori Shigeki , Yamagata Kyo , Tanaka Takayuki , Muranaka Atsuya , Uchiyama Masanobu , Kim Jiwon , Ishida Masatoshi , Furuta Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe present herein the synthesis of novel pseudo‐metalla‐carbaporphyrinoid species (1M: M=Pd and Pt) achieved through the inner coordination of palladium(II) and platinum(II) with an acyclic N‐confused tetrapyrrin analogue. Despite their tetrapyrrole frameworks being small, akin to well‐known porphyrins, these species exhibit an unusually narrow HOMO–LUMO gap, resulting in an unprecedentedly low‐energy absorption in the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) region. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed unique dπ‐pπ‐conjugated electronic structures involving the metal dπ‐ligand pπ hybridized molecular orbitals of 1M. Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy confirmed distinct electronic structures. Remarkably, the complexes feature an open‐metal coordination site in the peripheral NN dipyrrin site, forming hetero‐metal complexes (1Pd‐BF2 and 1Pt‐BF2) through boron difluoride complexation. The resulting hetero metalla‐carbaporphyrinoid species displayed further redshifted NIR‐II absorption, highly efficient photothermal conversion efficiencies (η; 62–65 %), and exceptional photostability. Despite the challenges associated with the theoretical and experimental assessment of dπ‐pπ‐conjugated metalla‐aromaticity in relatively larger (more than 18π electrons) polycyclic ring systems, these organometallic planar tetrapyrrole systems could serve as potential molecular platforms for aromaticity‐relevant NIR‐II dyes.
Anatomy beyond the pandemic: A Q‐methodology study exploring student perceptions toward a hybrid curriculum
Authors: Metla Sai Gayathri , Akhtar‐Danesh Noori , Saini Jessica , Bayer Ilana , Mezil Yasmeen , Brewer‐Deluce Danielle , Wainman Bruce C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAs a result of the COVID‐19 pandemic, anatomy education was forced to adopt online modes of delivery. Previous research on student views revealed areas of strong preference (asynchronous lectures) and strong dislike (virtual specimens) in online anatomy courses. The current study seeks to compare the views of a single cohort of students experiencing both online and in‐person undergraduate introductory anatomy and physiology courses. This comparison can highlight what students consider beneficial to their education and can inform future hybrid course offerings. Q‐methodology was used to assess the opinions of students. Students sorted 41 statements on anatomy education in a quasi‐normally distributed grid based on their degree of agreement with the statements. The rankings underwent a by‐person factor analysis which categorized students with shared perceptions into groups. Data were collected from 246 students in the primarily online fall semester and 191 students in the primarily in‐person winter semester. Analysis revealed three distinct factors (groups) in the cohort. Factor one (n = 113 (fall), n = 93 (winter)), was satisfied overall with the course materials and delivery. Factor two (n = 52 (fall), n = 18 (winter)) had a deep dislike of online learning, and factor three (n = 37 (fall), n = 49 (winter)) had a strong preference for online learning. While many students were comfortable in both online and in‐person learning environments, this was not the case for all learners. The strengths and weaknesses of each teaching modality suggest the opportunity to explore hybrid learning as an option for future course offerings and specifically highlight valuable aspects to incorporate from each environment.
Quasi‐synchronization for complex networks under deception attacks via saturated impulsive control
Authors: Feng Jianwen , Ma Ming , Yi Chengbo , Wang Jingyi , Zhao Yi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper addresses the issue of saturated impulsive control for a class of dynamical networks with hybrid delays and unknown bounded disturbances that are susceptible to deception attacks. Achieving local exponential quasi‐synchronization is the objective. Physical networks are often restricted by saturation, making them more vulnerable to cyberattacks that can disrupt network performance. Unlike previous studies on saturated impulsive control, this paper fully considers the effect of deception attacks on saturated impulse by proposing a new constraint of set inclusion. Criteria for the local quasi‐synchronization problem are established using the Lyapunov method and the comparison principle of impulsive systems. Our results demonstrate that the error bounds for quasi‐synchronization are closely linked to the impulsive interval, time‐delay, intensity of external disturbances, and deception attacks. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to validate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
Energy community with shared photovoltaic and storage systems: influence of power demand in cost optimization
Authors: De Blasis Riccardo , Pacelli Graziella , Vergine Salvatore 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEnergy management of distributed energy resources has gradually become a complex problem because of the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaic power, and the large use of energy storage systems. A way to deal with these issues is to operate within an energy community. However, the efficient management of the community in terms of costs is particularly relevant. Specifically, the minimization of the energy community costs, which consists of properly utilizing shared energy storage and renewable energy sources, becomes an important objective. In this context, a fundamental role is played by demand power characteristics which strongly influence the benefits brought by this energy management scheme. This work investigates the influence of the variability of power demand on the minimization of the operating cost problem of an energy community while determining the optimal capacity of the energy storage system that increases the self‐consumption potential of the photovoltaic source. Two main scenarios are implemented where the effects of considering the community photovoltaic capacity as a variable or a parameter on costs and energy storage system size are investigated. This analysis consists of a multi‐objective optimization coupled with a Monte Carlo framework. The community management is conducted by considering random power demand profiles of each unit belonging to the same community, and different sizes, categories of users and users' aggregations. A comparison is led among different users' categories in terms of costs, photovoltaic unit and energy storage system size. The results provide an overview of how each category benefits from taking part in an energy community both in terms of cost and energy storage and photovoltaic sizes and show how these aspects change within a multi‐category aggregation where each category makes a different contribution to the community. In particular, we find evidence of the “synergy effect” brought by multi‐category aggregations capable of exploiting differences in consumption profiles. Each building category, with its numerosity, has a different effect on the energy community, resulting in a different impact on total costs and cost savings. We also investigate how the energy storage system capacity is affected by both the available photovoltaic capacity and the consumption profiles of the categories within the energy community.
CEA (CEACAM5) expression is common in muscle‐invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder but unrelated to the disease course
Authors: Plage Henning , Furlano Kira , Neymeyer Jörg , Weinberger Sarah , Gerdes Benedikt , Hubatsch Mandy , Ralla Bernhard , Franz Antonia , Fendler Annika , de Martino Michela , Roßner Florian , Schallenberg Simon , Elezkurtaj Sefer , Kluth Martina , Lennartz Maximilian , Blessin Niclas C. , Marx Andreas H. , Samtleben Henrik , Fisch Margit , Rink Michael , Kaczmarek Krystian , Ecke Thorsten , Hallmann Steffen , Koch Stefan , Adamini Nico , Minner Sarah , Simon Ronald , Sauter Guido , Weischenfeldt Joachim , Klatte Tobias , Schlomm Thorsten , Horst David , Zecha Henrik , Slojewski Marcin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesCarcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a cell surface glycoprotein that represents a promising therapeutic target. Serum measurement of shedded CEA can be utilized for monitoring of cancer patients.Material and MethodsTo evaluate the potential clinical significance of CEA expression in urothelial bladder neoplasms, CEA was analysed by immunohistochemistry in more than 2500 urothelial bladder carcinomas in a tissue microarray format.ResultsCEA staining was largely absent in normal urothelial cells but was observed in 30.4% of urothelial bladder carcinomas including 406 (16.7%) with weak, 140 (5.8%) with moderate, and 192 (7.9%) with strong staining. CEA positivity occurred in 10.9% of 411 pTaG2 low‐grade, 32.0% of 178 pTaG2 high‐grade, and 43.0% of 93 pTaG3 tumours (p < 0.0001). In 1335 pT2–4 carcinomas, CEA positivity (34.1%) was lower than in pTaG3 tumours. Within pT2–4 carcinomas, CEA staining was unrelated to pT, pN, grade, L‐status, V‐status, overall survival, recurrence free survival, and cancer specific survival (p > 0.25).ConclusionCEA increases markedly with grade progression in pTa tumours, and expression occurs in a significant fraction of pT2–4 urothelial bladder carcinomas. The high rate of CEA positivity in pT2–4 carcinomas offers the opportunity of using CEA serum measurement for monitoring the clinical course of these cancers. Moreover, CEA positive urothelial carcinomas are candidates for a treatment by targeted anti‐CEA drugs.
Consulting Multiple Advisors: When It Hurts and When It Does Not Hurt the Advisor–Advisee Relationship?
Authors: Palmeira Mauricio , Spassova Gerri 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTConsulting multiple advisors tends to improve decision quality; however, limited understanding exists regarding how advisors respond to the presence of co‐advisors. Previous research has cautioned about the potential interpersonal costs of seeking advice from multiple sources. It suggests that advisors may perceive their advice as less likely to be utilized, diminishing their willingness to continue assisting the seeker. In contrast, we propose that advisors are generally unconcerned if seekers consult others, as long as they are informed before offering advice. We argue that advisors do not closely monitor or dwell on the utilization of their advice and maintain a positive attitude toward the seeker unless they infer rejection of their advice. In three studies, we show that disclosing a co‐advisor upfront completely eliminates any negative interpersonal effects by rendering inferences about advice rejection implausible. Advisors respond as if they were the sole advisor irrespective of the presence of multiple co‐advisors and regardless of whether they are consulted first of second.