bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IDENTIFYING STUDENTS MISCONCEPTIONS ON CHEMICAL BONDING USING TWO TIER TEST
Authors: Nahadi Nahadi , Hernani Hernani , Agustini Nurlaela 
Published: March 2024

Misconception is one of the obstacles that may reduce learning effectiveness. In this study, we develop two-tier multiple choice diagnostic test instrument that can be used to identify students’ misconceptions on chemical bonding. Two-tier test with 25 test items was proven to be valid and reliable. This diagnostic test was able to detect students’ misconceptions including misconceptions about element stability, ionic bonding, covalent bonding, covalent coordinate bonding, metallic bonding, as well as characteristics and physical property of each bonding. The identified misconceptions could serve as a reference for teachers in remediating students’ misconception.
PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT MODEL IN EXPERIMENTAL ELECTROLYSIS FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Siswaningsih Wiwi , Kusrijadi Ali , Pitriyani Rini , Pratiwi Meida Mediani 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan model penilaian kinerja berupa tugas dan rubrik percobaan elektrolisis untuk siswa SMA yang valid, reliabel, dan praktis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pengembangan dan validasi dengan partisipan sebanyak 12 siswa kelas XI MIPA di salah satu SMA Negeri di Kota Bandung. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar wawancara studi pendahuluan, lembar grid, lembar validasi, lembar kerja siswa, lembar observasi yang mengacu pada 6 indikator keterampilan, 29 tugas (aspek kinerja), dan rubrik percobaan elektrolisis menggunakan Google Form, dan angket uji praktikalitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model penilaian kinerja pada eksperimen elektrolisis mempunyai empat tahap, yaitu tahap perencanaan, pengembangan, validasi, dan uji coba terbatas. Validitas isi tugas dan rubrik dilihat dari nilai CVR menunjukkan bahwa 29 tugas dinyatakan valid berdasarkan kesesuaian dengan indikator hands on dan mind on skill, sedangkan 28 tugas dinyatakan valid berdasarkan kesesuaian dengan rubrik. Untuk reliabilitas diperoleh 15 tugas dengan kategori sangat baik, 13 tugas dengan kategori baik, dan 1 tugas dapat diterima, serta mempunyai nilai kepraktisan sebesar 3,8, dan dapat digolongkan dalam model penilaian kinerja sangat praktis. Berdasarkan hasil nilai validitas, reliabilitas, dan praktikalitas, tugas dan rubrik yang dikembangkan dapat digunakan sebagai model penilaian kinerja pada eksperimen elektrolisis untuk siswa SMA. Kata Kunci: Penilaian kinerja, tugas, rubrik, dan eksperimen elektrolisis.
Soil Properties Variation Valued in Relation to Land Use and Management Practices in Vietnam
Authors: Dinh K.H.T. , Shima K. 
Published: March 2024

Background: Land use and management practices (LUMPs) have been accelerated globally to serve the increasing socio-economic requirements in recent decades. Methods: This study focuses to assess the impacts of the LUMPs on the properties and composition of soil in the Lam River Basin (LRB), Vietnam based on analysis of ninety-six soil samples collected in the soil profiles (0_60 cm). Result: The results indicated that the sand and clay ratios (34.0~35.7% and 16.2~19.9%) and bulk density (BD) (1.07±0.05~1.34 ± 0.06 Mg m-3) in the natural forest lands (NFLs) were lower and higher perturbed than the plantation forest lands (PFLs) (31.1~ 51.5%, 5.7~38.2% and 0.86 ± 0.03~1.12±0.05 Mg m-3) in the 0-20 cm topsoil layer. The soil texture is mainly sandy clay to clay loam and the BD tends slightly increase in the topsoil layer, then decrease in the 20-60 cm subsoil layer. There is no difference in soil pH between collected soil samples (CSSs) and tends to increase with increasing the subsoil layer. The base cations (BCs) (Ca2+, K+, Mg2+: 0.01~0.29, 0.06~0.11 and 0.06~0.07 Cmolc kg-1) and total organic contents (TOCs) (total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP): 24.11; 2.80 and 0.19 g kg-1) of the NFLs are higher than those of the CSSs (TC, TN, TP: 14.37~23.91, 1.62~2.28 and 0.08~0.17 g kg-1) in the topsoil layer while these values were not different in the topsoil layer.
The Future of Antipsychotic Interventions: From Managing Symptoms to Improving Outcomes
Authors: Sfera Adonis , Imran Hassan , Sfera Dan O , Anton Jacob J , Kozlakidis Zisis , Hazan Sabine 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
For the past 70 years, dopamine hypothesis has been the key working model in schizophrenia. This has contributed to the development of numerous inhibitors of dopaminergic signaling, antipsychotic drugs, which led to rapid symptom resolution but only marginal outcome improvement. Over the past decades, there was limited research on the quantifiable pathological changes in schizophrenia, including premature cellular/neuronal, senescence, brain volume loss, attenuation of gamma oscillations on electroencephalogram and oxidation of lipids in plasma and mitochondrial membranes.
We surmise that aberrant activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor by toxins derived from the gut microbes or the environment drives premature cellular, including neuronal, senescence, a hallmark of schizophrenia. Early brain aging promotes secondary changes, including impairment and loss of mitochondria, gray matter depletion, decreased gamma oscillations, and a compensatory metabolic shift to lactate and lactylation.
The aim of this narrative review is twofold:
1.	To summarize what is known about premature cellular/neuronal senescence in schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like disorders.
2.	To discuss novel strategies for improving long-term outcome in severe mental illness with natural senotherapeutics, membrane lipid replacement, mitochondrial transplantation, microbial phenazines, novel antioxidant phenothiazines, inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor.
Robust Multiphase-Split Calculations Based on Improved Successive Substitution Schemes
Authors: Jex M. , Mikyška J. , Firoozabadi A. 
Published: March 2024

Summary
Successful large-scale compositional reservoir simulations require robust and efficient phase-split calculations. In recent years, there has been progress in three-phase-split calculations. However, there may be convergence issues when the number of equilibrium phases increases to four. Part of the problem is from the poor initial guesses. In phase-split computations, the results from stability provide good initial guesses. Successive substitution (SS) is a key step in phase-split calculations. The method, if efficient, can provide good initial guesses for the final step, the Newton method that has a rapid rate of convergence. In this contribution, we present a robust algorithm with high efficiency and robustness in phase-split calculations in two, three, and four phases. We find that a key step is the SS. The convergence may even be very slow away from the critical point and phase boundaries. A modified SS is used which may reduce the number of iterations many times. In the course of this investigation, we observe some regions often inside the phase envelopes (far from the phase boundary or critical points) with a very high number of SS iterations. The adoption of the improved SS iterations leads to a significant speedup of the multiphase-split computations. In some mixtures, the average reduction is more than 70%.
Cariprazine and cognition in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: A systematic review
Authors: Garcia-Fernandez LORENA , Romero Veronica , Peñuelas-Calvo Inmaculada , de Mon Miguel Angel Álvarez , Scala Mauro , Ferreiro Carmen Romero , López Estela Jiménez , Santos Jose Luis , Rodriguez-Jimenez Roberto 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Cariprazine is a recently incorporated drug whose differential characteristic is its partial agonism for the D3 receptor, with great affinity for it, higher than dopamine itself. Preclinical studies with animal models have shown a manifest pro cognitive effect. The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review examining the effects of cariprazine on cognitive measures in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
Methods
Two independent reviewers searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases to December 31st 2023 following the PRISM guideline. Additional studies were identified through hand-searching of references of the included studies. Eligible studies were those randomized controlled trials published in English evaluating the effects of the use of cariprazine on cognitive outcomes in patients with mental disorders. Quality assessment followed the Jadad scale recommendations.
Results
From a total of 136 initial reports, up to 5 studies comprising 6104 patients with schizophrenia, bipolar I mania and bipolar I depression were included in the systematic review. In patients with schizophrenia, the use of cariprazine showed better cognitive outcomes compared to placebo in both early and late stages. Furthermore, cariprazine showed cognitive advantages over risperidone in patients with a predominance of negative symptoms and over aripiprazole when the variables power and continuity of attention were measured. In patients with bipolar disorder, cariprazine showed cognitive improvements compared to placebo. Most studies seem to find a greater pro cognitive effect with low doses of cariprazine (1.5-3 mg/d).
Conclusions
Overall, cariprazine improved cognitive measures compared to placebo, especially in patients with greater baseline impairment and when low doses are used. Thus, the use of cariprazine in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder could become an effective therapeutic option to enhance cognition as well as other inherent symptoms of both disorders.
Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42023485028.
The Digital Atlas of Ancient Rare Diseases (DAARD) and its relevance for current research
Authors: Gresky Julia , Frotscher Melina , Dorn Juliane , Scheelen-Nováček Kristina , Ahlbrecht Yannick , Jakob Tina , Schönbuchner Toni , Canalejo José , Ducke Benjamin , Petiti Emmanuele 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
The history of rare diseases is largely unknown. Research on this topic has focused on individual cases of prominent (historical) individuals and artistic (e.g., iconographic) representations. Medical collections include large numbers of specimens that exhibit signs of rare diseases, but most of these date to relatively recent periods. However, cases of rare diseases detected in mummies and skeletal remains from archaeological excavations have also been recorded. Nevertheless, this direct evidence from historical and archaeological contexts is mainly absent from academic discourse and generally not consulted in medical research on rare diseases.
Results
This desideratum is addressed by the Digital Atlas of Ancient Rare Diseases (DAARD: https://daard.dainst.org), which is an open access/open data database and web-based mapping tool that collects evidence of different rare diseases found in skeletons and mummies from all over the world and throughout all historic and prehistoric time periods. Disease or individual data, the preservation level of human remains, research methodology, and information about places of curation and literature references are easy to search for. In this manuscript, the design and functionality of the DAARD are illustrated through the example of achondroplasia and other types of stunted growth.
Conclusions
As an open, collaborative repository for collecting, mapping and querying well-structured medical data on individuals from ancient times, the DAARD opens new research avenues. The number of rare diseases can increase by adding new cases from a variety of backgrounds such as museum collections and archaeological excavations. Depending on the research question, phenotypic or genetic information can be retrieved, as well as information on the general occurrence of a rare disease in selected space–time intervals. Furthermore, for individuals diagnosed with a rare disease, this approach helps them to build identity and reveal an aspect of their rare disease that they may not have been previously aware of. Thus, the DAARD contributes to the understanding of rare diseases from a long-term perspective and adds to the latest relevant research.
Integrated Metabolomics and Proteomics Analyses to Reveal Anticancer Mechanism of Hemp Oil Extract in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Yu Hengyuan , Chen Yang , Deng Jiayin , Cai Guoxin , Fu Weiliang , Shentu Chengyu , Xu Youdong , Liu Jie , Zhou Yuan , Luo Yingjie , Chen Yong , Liu Xuesong , Wu Yongjiang , Xu Tengfei , Zeng Su 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Cannabis sativa L. has a lengthy medical history in Chinese folk medicine. Industrial cannabis, also known as hemp, refers to cannabis strains with no addictive effect and holds great economic and medical value. Hemp exhibited multiple pharmaceutical activities with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor effects. Hemp oil extract (HOE), a mixture of cannabinoid-rich components extracted from hemp, has shown potential in treating colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the specific anticancer mechanisms of HOE remain unclear. This research aims to elucidate the anticancer mechanisms of HOE in the treatment of CRC by employing an integrated omic approach, analyzing changes in cellular metabolites and proteins.
Methods
In this study, we employed mass spectrometry-based omic approaches, specifically metabolomics and proteomics, to comprehensively investigate the global effects of HOE on colorectal cancer cells. Bioinformatics analysis including bulk RNA-seq and single-cell RNA-seq were utilized to unravel specific gene expression differences and heterogeneity in CRC. The inferred conclusions were confirmed by utilizing flow cytometry, western blot, and immunohistochemistry techniques.
Results
The in vitro and in vivo experiments indicated that HOE induced significant changes in purine metabolism pathways, down-regulated c-MYC and inhibited the expression of cell cycle-related proteins, including CCND1, CDK4, CDK6, which herein arrested cell cycle in G1 phase.
Conclusion
Through Integrating Metabolomics and Proteomics approaches, a comprehensive analysis of anticancer mechanisms of HOE on CRC was conducted. The study demonstrated that HOE blocks the cell cycle in the G1 phase by inhibiting c-MYC, leading to the inhibition of colorectal cancer cell proliferation. These findings provide experimental evidence for the potential use of hemp in medicine.
I Can’t Afford it Right Now, So it Doesn’t Matter” Structural Drivers of Viral Suppression Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Longitudinal Qualitative Approach
Authors: Dove-Medows Emily , Knox Justin , Valentine-Graves Mariah , Sullivan Patrick 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Racial disparities in outcomes across the HIV care continuum, including in viral suppression, have been observed among sexual minority men (SMM) living with HIV. Structural factors are drivers of these disparities, yet data is lacking at the individual level on how day-to-day experiences of these structural factors contribute to losing viral suppression, and what happens to SMM after loss of viral suppression, including whether they achieve viral suppression again over time.
Method
We conducted longitudinal semi-structured interviews with a subsample of men living with HIV drawn from a larger cohort study. Three Black and 2 White SMM participated in a series of three interviews after they lost viral suppression, and then again at 6- and 12-months follow-up. The focus of the interviews was on experiences with structural issues (e.g., housing, transportation, employment, insurance) and their impact on HIV care.
Results
Content analysis showed that multiple structural issues disrupted HIV care, particularly insurance, housing stability, transportation, and employment. Black SMM described experiencing multiple compounding structural barriers, and they struggled to achieve viral suppression again.
Conclusions
These data show how SMM living with HIV are impacted by structural barriers to HIV care over time. Black SMM experienced multiple, compounding barriers, and these negatively impacted HIV care outcomes over time. Efforts to address long-standing HIV care-related disparities need to address the mechanisms of structural racism.
The relationship between cumulative family risk and depression in left-behind children: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Yu Wanwan , Chen Ming , Yan Jing , Ding Yang , Zhu Chunyan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Depression in left-behind children has garnered attention from researchers worldwide. However, the mechanisms underlying depression among left-behind children in the context of multiple family risk factors remain unclear. Therefore, this study is grounded in the cumulative risk model, psychological mediation model, and ecological systems theory, and proposes a moderated mediation model. It aims to investigate the mediating role of core self-evaluation in the relationship between cumulative family risk and depression among left-behind children, and whether this process is moderated by school climate.
Methods
A total of 415 rural left-behind children from 35 townships in Anhui Province, China (54.46% males; mean age = 12.53, SD = 2.27) were investigated using the Cumulative Family Risk Questionnaire, Core Self-Evaluation Scale, Perceived School Climate Questionnaire, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Data were processed and analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and PROCESS 3.3.
Results
After controlling for gender, age, grade, and left-behind type, cumulative family risk positively predicted depression in left-behind children. Core self-evaluation fully mediated the relationship between cumulative family risk and depression in left-behind children. Moreover, school climate moderated the relationship between cumulative family risk and core self-evaluation (the first half of the mediation pathway), indicating that as the school climate level increased, cumulative family risk became more predictive of core self-evaluation.
Conclusion
The findings elucidate the relationship between accumulated family risks and depression in left-behind children, along with their underlying mechanisms. This insight has implications for preventing and intervening in depression among left-behind children. Initiatives should prioritize interventions at the family level to cultivate a positive family atmosphere and mitigate the accumulation of family risks. Simultaneously, emphasis should be placed on fostering and refining internal appraisal systems without overstating the protective role of a positive school environment, thereby effectively reducing the incidence of depression.
Androgen loss weakens anti-tumor immunity and accelerates brain tumor growth
Authors: Lathia Justin , Lee Juyeun , Chung Yoon-Mi , Curtin Lee , Silver Daniel , Hao Yue , Li Cathy , Volovetz Josephine , Hong Ellen , Jarmula Jakub , Wang Sabrina , Kay Kristen , Berens Michael , Nicosia Michael , Swanson Kristin , Sharifi Nima 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Many cancers, including glioblastoma (GBM), have a male-biased sex difference in incidence and outcome. The underlying reasons for this sex bias are unclear but likely involve differences in tumor cell state and immune response. This effect is further amplified by sex hormones, including androgens, which have been shown to inhibit anti-tumor T cell immunity. Here, we show that androgens drive anti-tumor immunity in brain tumors, in contrast to its effect in other tumor types. Upon castration, tumor growth was accelerated with attenuated T cell function in GBM and brain tumor models, but the opposite was observed when tumors were located outside the brain. Activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal gland (HPA) axis was increased in castrated mice, particularly in those with brain tumors. Blockade of glucocorticoid receptors reversed the accelerated tumor growth in castrated mice, indicating that the effect of castration was mediated by elevated glucocorticoid signaling. Furthermore, this mechanism was not GBM specific, but brain specific, as hyperactivation of the HPA axis was observed with intracranial implantation of non-GBM tumors in the brain. Together, our findings establish that brain tumors drive distinct endocrine-mediated mechanisms in the androgen-deprived setting and highlight the importance of organ-specific effects on anti-tumor immunity.
Hospital Pharmacists’ Intervention In Access To Innovative Therapies – Opportunities And Strategies: A Mixed-Method Design
Authors: Coelho Helena , Fraga Susana , Lopes Teresa , Fraga João , Santos Susana , Ferro Margarida 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Hospital Pharmacists (HP) intervene in multiple activities to ensure the patient access to innovative therapies in hospitals, including decision-making process.
AIM: To identify opportunities and strategies that leverage the intervention of HP to improve the access pathway to innovative therapies in hospitals of these therapies.
METHODS: After semi-structured interviews, a survey was implemented targeting Portuguese HP, followed by an expert panel with HP (n=12) to reach a consensus. Data was collected between October 2021 and March 2022.
RESULTS: 58 HP answered the survey. Even though the most important activities identified were related to HP’s support in the decision-making for approval of innovative therapies, it was consensual that there are opportunities for optimizing this process. The expert panel proposed 5 strategic actions focusing on access to legal information about innovative therapies, the approval process, and enhancing collaboration among all stakeholders.
CONCLUSION: HP’s intervention in the decision-making process is essential in the therapeutic innovation access pathway. Therefore, it is important to implement strategies to make the process faster, more informative, and efficient.
Computational Method for k-Distance Limited Minimum Feedback Vertex Set and Its Application to Biological Networks
Authors: Nakashima Shogo , Akutsu Tatsuya 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Feedback vertex set (FVS), a graph theory concept, is used to identify critical nodes in network and system control. Extended versions of FVS are continuously explored and have found applications in biological data analysis and system control. Then, the minimum feedback vertex set (MFVS), defined as the FVS with the smallest number of elements among all feedback vertex sets, is important when controlling a system with the least number of nodes.
Results
In this paper, we introduce the concept of the k-distance limited Minimum Feedback Vertex Set (kMFVS) as an extension to MFVS. We present a novel approach for obtaining the exact solutions for kMFVS using Integer Linear Programming (ILP). Simulations offer a means to determine the value of k for kMFVS in random graphs, depending on the number of nodes in the graph. Applying kMFVS to real biological data, we show that compared to MFVS, kMFVS improves recall by using only information about the network structure.
Conclusion
kMFVS can extract important nodes (genes) from pure network structures better than MFVS. Fur- thermore, we prove that in a discrete-time network, by controlling nodes chosen as kMFVS, the system can be transitioned to an arbitrary static steady state in at most k discrete times. Despite the computational complexity of the kMFVS problem, the proposed ILP-based method is capable of identifying exact optimal solutions even for scale-free graphs with approximately 3000 nodes.