bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case completeness and data accuracy in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Program of Cancer Registries
Authors: Thoburn Kathleen K. , German Robert R. , Lewis Mary , Nichols Phyllis “Janie” , Ahmed Faruque , Jackson‐Thompson Jeannette 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Issues of case completeness (CC) and data quality within the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR)‐Cancer Surveillance System (NPCR‐CSS) are assessed in part by the NPCR Technical Assistance and Audit Program (NPCR‐TAA). In addition, the NPCR Annual Program Evaluation Instrument (NPCR‐APEI) provides information about NPCR‐supported central cancer registries (CCRs). The current report includes a unique, national‐level analysis of NPCR‐TAA results linked with NPCR‐APEI data and other covariates.METHODS.NPCR‐TAA results for 34 CCRs were aggregated across diagnosis years 1998 to 2001 for analysis of average CC rates and site‐specific data accuracy (DA) rates by covariates obtained from the NPCR‐APEI, United States Cancer Statistics (USCS) publications, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries (NAACCR) Web site. Site‐specific DA rates were calculated for the 13 data elements examined in the audit program. Small‐sample Student t tests were used to determine statistically significant differences in covariates (α = .05).RESULTS.Overall, the average CC and DA rates were 96.4% and 95%, respectively. Both site‐ and data element‐specific DA issues were highlighted. Higher CC and DA rates were observed for CCRs that were staffed with more certified tumor registrars, had supplementary sources reporting, and met USCS publication standards and/or achieved NAACCR certification.CONCLUSIONS.Study findings underscored the importance of CCRs having adequate, well‐trained staff, procuring supplemental reporting sources, and attaining compliance with national data standards. The study results also demonstrated the overall high completeness and quality of NPCR‐CSS data and provided guidance to users of the data. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Ma Xiaomei , Does Monique , Raza Azra , Mayne Susan T. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) became reportable to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (the United States cancer surveillance program) in 2001. This provided the first opportunity to examine the incidence and survival of patients with MDS in the United States using a large, population‐based database.METHODS.The SEER 17 regions public‐use database (November 2005 submission) was accessed to obtain data on the frequency, incidence, and survival of patients with MDS. Geographic areas were selected for inclusion in the SEER Program based on their ability to operate and maintain a high‐quality, population‐based cancer reporting system and for their epidemiologically significant population subgroups.RESULTS.SEER data from 2001 through 2003 indicated that the risk of MDS increased with age, and approximately 86% of MDS cases were diagnosed in individuals aged ≥60 years (median age at diagnosis = 76 years). Men had a significantly higher incidence rate than women (4.5 vs 2.7 per 100,000 per year). Among racial groups, white individuals had the highest incidence rate. In 2003, approximately 10,300 incident cases of MDS were diagnosed in the United States. The survival of MDS patients was poor, with an observed 3‐year survival rate of only 35% (5‐year survival data were not available at the time of the current report). Male patients and patients who were diagnosed at an older age had significantly worse survival. MDS survival also varied by clinical subtype, and the survival of patients who had refractory anemia was somewhat worse than reported previously. The availability of descriptive epidemiologic data on MDS can be used now to facilitate much needed research on the etiology and outcome of MDS.CONCLUSIONS.The current results indicated that >10,000 incident cases of MDS are diagnosed annually in the United States, and the survival of patients with MDS is poor. The availability of descriptive epidemiologic data on MDS can be used now to facilitate much needed research on the etiology and outcomes of MDS. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
On multi‐cell admission control in CDMA networks
Authors: Fodor Gábor , Lindström Magnus 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe consider a multi‐cell (MC) code division multiple access (CDMA) system that supports multiple service classes, including peak rate allocated and elastic ones. Peak rate allocated sessions—when admitted into the system—transmit at a constant bit rate, while elastic sessions can be slowed down at the expense of increasing their residency time. Admitted sessions cause an instantaneous bit rate‐dependent interference in neighbour cells. In this rather general setting, we propose a method to calculate the class‐wise blocking probabilities as the functions of the estimated so‐called inter‐cell coupling factors. In the paper this coupling factor is the ratio between the uplink path gains to different Node‐B:s (that can be easily obtained in a CDMA system from pilot measurement reports), but our model could include other coupling measures as well. We find that when these coupling factors are underestimated, the system may get into false states (FSs) or false rate states (FRSs) that lead to violating the noise rise threshold. As traffic becomes increasingly elastic, the probability of FSs decreases, but the probability of FRSs increases. Based on numerical results, we make the
point that as the traffic becomes more elastic, avoiding the underestimation of these coupling factors as well as exercising MC admission control plays an increasingly important role in guaranteeing proper service quality. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of Monte Carlo simulation to generating system well‐being analysis considering renewable sources
Authors: da Silva Armando M. Leite , Manso Luiz Antônio F. , Sales Warlley S. , Resende Leonidas C. , Aguiar Manuel J.Q. , Matos Manuel A. , Lopes João A. Peças , Miranda Vladimiro 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis paper presents an application of Monte Carlo chronological simulation to evaluate the reserve requirements of generating systems, considering renewable energy sources. The idea is to investigate the behavior of reliability indices, including those from the well‐being analysis, when the major portion of the energy sources is renewable. Renewable in this work comprises hydroelectric, mini‐hydroelectric, and wind power sources. Case studies on a configuration of the Portuguese Generating System are presented and discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficacy of aromatherapy (Lavandula angustifolia) as an intervention for agitated behaviours in Chinese older persons with dementia: a cross‐over randomized trial
Authors: Lin Pamela Wan‐ki , Chan Wai‐chi , Ng Bacon Fung‐leung , Lam Linda Chiu‐wa 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBackgroundAgitated behaviours among persons with dementia are distressing to both patients and their caregivers. As pharmacological interventions may be limited by their potentially adverse effects, the use of complementary therapies for treatment of agitation has become more popular and aromatherapy is the fastest growing one.ObjectivesThis study investigates the effectiveness of lavandula angustifolia (lavender) in treating agitated behaviours of demented people in Hong Kong.MethodsIt was a cross‐over randomized trial. Seventy Chinese older adults with dementia were recruited; half were randomly assigned to the active group (lavender inhalation) for three weeks and then switched to control group (sunflower inhalation) for another three weeks; the other half did the opposite. Clinical response was evaluated using the Chinese versions of Cohen‐Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CCMAI) and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (CNPI).ResultsThe mean CCMAI total scores decreased from 24.68 to 17.77(t = 10.79, df = 69, p < 0.001). The CNPI scores changed from 63.17 (SD = 17.81) to 58.77 (SD = 16.74) (t = 14.59, df = 69, p < 0.001) after receiving Treatment A (Lavandula Angustifolia). There were no period and sequential effects noted.ConclusionIn summary, lavender is effective as an adjunctive therapy in alleviating agitated behaviours in Chinese patients with dementia. In a patient population particularly vulnerable to side effects of psychotropic medications, aromatherapy using lavender may offer an alternative option. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of Turkish precipitation data: homogeneity and the Southern Oscillation forcings on frequency distributions
Authors: Karabörk M. Çağatay , Kahya Ercan , Kömüşçü Ali Ümran 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe homogeneity of newly compiled 212 precipitation records in Turkey for the period 1973‐2002 was checked by the Standard Normal Homogeneity Test (SNHT) and Pettitt Test. Stations were considered inhomogeneous if at least one of the tests rejects the homogeneity. As a result, 43 out of 212 stations were found to be inhomogeneous. In addition, the previously detected Southern Oscillation (SO)‐related precipitation anomalies by the authors were quantified at each station using the gamma distribution. The observed SO‐related shifts in the median precipitation amounts expressed as gamma percentiles may be considered as a typical SO response of that station. The results of this study confirm the wet responses of Turkish precipitations to El Nino events, whereas those for La Nina events seem to be masked by sampling variations within the study period. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Membrane engineering for process intensification: a perspective
Authors: Drioli Enrico , Curcio Efrem 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPushed by the increasing demand for materials, energy and products, chemical engineering today faces a crucial challenge: to support a sustainable industrial growth. One possible solution is process intensification (PI), the innovative design strategy aiming to improve manufacturing and processing by decreasing the equipment size/productivity ratio, energy consumption and waste production using innovative technical solutions. Membrane processes meet the requirements of PI because they have potential to replace conventional energy‐intensive techniques, to accomplish the selective and efficient transport of specific components, and to improve the performance of reactive processes. Here, we identify the most interesting aspects of membrane engineering in some strategic industrial sectors. The opportunity to integrate conventional membrane units with innovative systems in order to exploit the potential advantages coming from their synergic applications is also emphasized. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Kinetics of hydroxide‐catalyzed methanolysis of crude sunflower oil for the production of fuel‐grade methyl esters
Authors: Bambase Manolito E. , Nakamura Nobuyuki , Tanaka Junko , Matsumura Masatoshi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractMethyl esters from crude sunflower oil were produced via methanolysis reaction using sodium hydroxide catalyst. Methanolysis was carried out at different agitation speeds (200–600 rpm), temperatures (25–60 °C), catalyst loadings (0.25–1.00% by weight of oil), and methanol:oil mole ratios (6:1–20:1). Mass‐transfer limitation was effectively minimized at agitation speeds of 400–600 rpm with no apparent lag period. Lowering the temperature resulted in a fall in the rate of reaction prolonging the reaction time necessary to achieve maximum production of methyl ester. Using 0.50% hydroxide catalyst was found to be adequate, resulting in 97–98% conversion without compromising recovery due to soap formation. Increasing the methanol:oil mole ratio beyond the usual amount of 6:1 tended to speed up the initial rate of methanolysis and was found to lower the bonded glycerol content, especially the amount of diglyceride in the sample. Kinetic rate constants were derived from experimental results using second‐order rate expressions, and values of activation energy for glyceride methanolysis have been established. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Polyhydroxyalkanoates: biodegradable polymers with a range of applications
Authors: Philip S. , Keshavarz T. , Roy I. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIncreased and accelerated global economic activities over the past century have led to interlinked problems that require urgent attention. The current patterns of production and consumption have raised serious concerns. In this context, greater emphasis has been put on the concept of sustainable economic systems that rely on technologies based on and supporting renewable sources of energy and materials. Average UK households produce around 3.2 million tonnes of packaging waste annually whereas 150 million tonnes of packaging waste is generated annually by industries in the UK. Hence, the development of biologically derived biodegradable polymers is one important element of the new economic development. Key among the biodegradable biopolymers is a class known as polyhydroxyalkanoates. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a family of polyhydroxyesters of 3‐, 4‐, 5‐ and 6‐hydroxyalkanoic acids, produced by a variety of bacterial species under nutrient‐limiting conditions with excess carbon. These water‐insoluble storage polymers are biodegradable, exhibit thermoplastic properties and can be produced from renewable carbon sources. Thus, there has been considerable interest in the commercial exploitation of these biodegradable polyesters. In this review various applications of polyhydroxyalkanoates are discussed, covering areas such as medicine, agriculture, tissue engineering, nanocomposites, polymer blends and chiral synthesis. Overall this review shows that polyhydroxyalkanoates are a promising class of new emerging biopolymers. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Porcine pancreatic lipase immobilized on polysiloxane–polyvinyl alcohol hybrid matrix: catalytic properties and feasibility to mediate synthesis of surfactants and biodiesel
Authors: Paula Ariela V , Urioste Daniele , Santos Julio C , de Castro Heizir F 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPolysiloxane–polyvinyl alcohol hybrid matrix was prepared by a sol–gel technique and its capacity to bind porcine pancreatic lipase investigated. The loading of 250 units g−1 support was shown to be effective, resulting in an immobilized lipase with high catalytic activity. Both free and immobilized lipases were characterized by determining the activity profile as a function of pH, temperature, substrate concentration and thermal stability. Application of the immobilized lipase in non‐conventional biocatalysis for the synthesis of surfactants and biodiesel was also analyzed. Production of sugar fatty acid esters was found to be dependent on the carbohydrate and the highest molar conversion (50% in 3–4 h of reaction) was achieved for substrates containing fructose and lauric or oleic acids. Biodiesel synthesis from babassu oil and ethanol, propanol or butanol was feasible and regardless of the kind of alcohols, results revealed that the immobilized PPL could efficiently convert triglycerides to fatty acid alkyl esters attaining yields varying from 75 to 95%. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Ultrastructural observations of previtellogenic ovarian follicles of the caecilians Ichthyophis tricolor and Gegeneophis ramaswamii
Authors: Beyo Reston S. , Sreejith Parameswaran , Divya Lekha , Oommen Oommen V. , Akbarsha Mohammad A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe ultrastructural organization of the previtellogenic follicles of the caecilians Ichthyophis tricolor and Gegeneophis ramaswamii, of the Western Ghats of India, were observed. Both species follow a similar seasonal reproductive pattern. The ovaries contain primordial follicles throughout the year with previtellogenic, vitellogenic, or postvitellogenic follicles, depending upon the reproductive status. The just‐recruited primordial follicle includes an oocyte surrounded by a single layer of follicle and thecal cells. The differentiation of the theca into externa and interna layers, the follicle cells into dark and light variants, and the appearance of primordial yolk platelets and mitochondrial clouds in the ooplasm mark the transition of the primordial follicle into a previtellogenic follicle. During further development of the previtellogenic follicle the following changes occur: i) the theca loses distinction as externa and interna; ii) all the follicle cells become the dark variant and increase in the complexity of ultrastructural organization; iii) the nucleus of the oocyte transforms into the germinal vesicle and there is amplification of the nucleoli; iv) the primordial yolk platelets of the cortical cytoplasm of the oocyte increase in abundance; v) the mitochondrial clouds fragment and the mitochondria move away from the clouds, leaving behind the cementing matrix, which contains membrane‐bound vesicles of various sizes, either empty or filled with a lipid material; vi) the perivitelline space appears first as troughs at the junctional points between the follicle cells and oocyte, which subsequently spread all around to become continuous; vii) macrovilli and microvilli develop from the follicle cells and oocyte, respectively; and viii) the precursor material of the vitelline envelop arrives at the perivitelline space. The sequential changes in the previtellogenic follicles of two species of caecilians are described. J. Morphol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Distinction of reactive joint fluid from pyogenic abscess by diffusion‐weighted imaging
Authors: Park Ji Kang , Kim Bong Soo , Choi Gukmyung , Kim Seung Hyoung , Lee Kwang‐Bok , Khang Hyunsoo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIt is difficult to distinguish reactive joint fluid from infectious joint fluid by conventional MR images. In this presented case, we successfully distinguished these two conditions using diffusion‐weighted imaging. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Apoptosis and impairment of neurite network by short exposure of immature rat cortical neurons to unconjugated bilirubin increase with cell differentiation and are additionally enhanced by an inflammatory stimulus
Authors: Falcão Ana S. , Silva Rui F.M. , Pancadas Sérgio , Fernandes Adelaide , Brito Maria A. , Brites Dora 
Published: March 2007

AbstractNerve cell injury induced by unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) has been implicated in brain damage during severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, although the molecular mechanisms underlying UCB neurotoxicity are still not clarified. It has been suggested recently that there is an association between hyperbilirubinemia and long‐term neurologic dysfunctions. We incubated immature neurons with UCB to evaluate the short‐ and long‐term effects of UCB on apoptotic death and on neuritic outgrowth and ramification. We also evaluated whether mature neurons, exposed previously to UCB in an early stage of differentiation, are more sensitive to apoptosis or to neuritic breakdown when treated with inflammatory agents, such as lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor‐α. Results show that exposure of immature neurons to UCB increased apoptosis and provoked a reduction of both neurite extension and number of nodes. These injurious effects observed in immature cells treated with UCB were increasingly perpetuated along cell differentiation, as compared to neurons incubated in the absence of UCB. In addition, neurons that were exposed to UCB when immature showed an increased susceptibility to death by apoptosis, as well as an additional decrease in neurite outgrowth when incubated with an inflammatory agent afterward. This work shows, for the first time, that UCB induces neurite changes consistent with neurodevelopment abnormalities. Furthermore, pre‐exposure to UCB followed by an inflammatory stimulus leads to an enhanced susceptibility to long‐term apoptosis, as well as a greater neuritic breakdown. These data support the association between neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and the later development of mental illness, such as schizophrenia. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MR‐guided ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma aided by gadoxetic acid
Authors: Bathe Oliver F. , Mahallati Houman 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLocal recurrences are problematic following radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of hepatocellular carcinoma. Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) is a potentially useful tool for the assessment of the extent of the thermal injury produced by RFA. The use of gadoxetic acid disodium, a hepatocyte‐specific contrast agent with prolonged retention, is described as a method of improved assessment of the ablative margins relative to the tumor margins. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;95:670–673. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modified radiofrequency‐assisted liver resection: A new device
Authors: Zacharoulis Dimitris , Tzovaras George , Rountas Christos , Poultsidis Antigoni , Katsogridakis Emmanuel , Sioka Eleni , Hatzitheofilou Constantine 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBackgroundRadiofrequency ablation (RF) is emerging as new therapeutic method for the management of hepatic tumors. So far the RF‐assisted hepatectomy has been described using an electrode initially designed for ablation of unresectable tumors. Herein, we describe a new technique for liver resection using a bipolar radiofrequency device.MethodTen patients undergo liver resection using a bipolar radiofrequency device. A minimal zone of desiccation around the tumor is created between pairs of opposing electrodes as a result of a minimum amount of energy released. This coagulated plane can be divided with a scalpel.ResultsThe liver parenchyma was divided with minimal blood loss. No intensive care unit admission was needed. There was no postoperative biliary leak or any other septic complication.ConclusionThe technique is safe and feasible, simplifies liver resection and appears to be associated with minimal morbidity and maximum liver parenchyma preservation. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96: 254–257. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
What is the best treatment modality for adrenal metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma?
Authors: Park Joon Seong , Yoon Dong Sup , Kim Kyung Sik , Choi Jin Sub , Lee Woo Jung , Chi Hoon Sang , Kim Byong Ro 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to analyze the effect of each therapeutic modality to clarify the treatment strategy for adrenal metastases from hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC).MethodsAdrenal metastasis from HCC was observed in 45 patients. Fifteen patients who were determined to have multi‐organ metastasis including the adrenal glands were excluded, and the remaining 30 patients were reviewed.ResultsThe location of adrenal metastasis was right side, left side, and both in 17, 9, and 4 patients, respectively. Treatment for adrenal metastasis consisted of adrenalectomy in 5 patients, non‐surgical treatment such as TACE, or chemotherapy and radiotherapy in 19 patients, while 6 patients received no treatment. The median survival duration was 11.05 months in the 30 patients with adrenal metastasis. In the 25 patients with well‐controlled intrahepatic lesions, the median survival time of those patients who received adrenalectomy, non‐surgical treatment, and no treatment was 21.41, 11.05, and 5.64 months, respectively. The difference in cumulative survival according to mode of treatment of adrenal metastasis in the well‐controlled intrahepatic lesion group was statistically significant.ConclusionWe envisage increased benefit after adrenalectomy in terms of survival in patients with well controlled intrahepatic lesions at the time of adrenal metastasis and good general medical condition. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96:32–36. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.