bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The implementation of ozone cleaning on two-step texturization of p-type silicon wafer
Authors: Md Daud Mohd Norizam , Aadenan Amin , Chin Haw Lim , Mohd Nor Najah Syahirah , Ibrahim Mohd Adib , Mat Teridi Mohd Asri 
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the ozone treatment process that can be utilized across various fabrication stages to enhance the performance of silicon solar cells. The effectiveness of this treatment on p-type silicon surfaces was examined through the application of ozone dissolved in deionized water (DIO3) and the ultraviolet-ozone (UVO3) cleaning process prior to the two-step texturization procedure. The two-step texturization procedure applied in this work eliminates the use of silicon nitride (SiN) as an anti-reflective coating (ARC) layer for the elimination of toxic gases and leads to the environment-friendly fabrication of solar cells. An alternative to RCA, DIO3 and UVO3 represent promising chemical options for cleaning applications to eliminate the use of hazardous chemicals. It was discovered that the surface with the DIO3 treatment for 10 minutes resulted in a significantly enhanced surface quality on the p-type silicon wafer. In the DIO₃ cleaning, ozone is dissolved in deionized water to create a highly oxidative solution capable of removing organic contaminants and particles effectively. In contrast, the UVO₃ treatment harnesses ultraviolet light to synthesize ozone directly on the wafer's surface, promoting the degradation of organic residues into volatile compounds, including CO₂ and H₂O. According to field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) micrographs and UV-visible spectrometer (UV-Vis) measurements, the textured wafer with DIO3 treatment improves the surface morphology and decreases the front surface reflection. As a result, the 10 minutes DIO3 treatments were reported optimal; the range size and height of the pyramid formed were 1.9–2.0 µm and 0.8–1.5 µm, offering a lower reflectivity value of below 12%, respectively. Results from the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) also confirm that the increase in average surface roughness from 203.65 nm to 300.27 nm was expected to improve light absorption. Moreover, this methodology leads to a considerable reduction in surface damage and is applicable to the silicon texturization process utilized in solar cell manufacturing.
Digital Commerce and MSMEs Output in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Okolo-Obasi Nduka Elda Vitalis , Nwanmuoh Emmanuel Ejiofo , Ifediora Chuka Uzoma , Dike Remigus Amarachi , Ozumba Innocent Uzochukwu , Amuka Ikenna , Onwuama Chinyere Lawrenta 
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we assessed the impact of digital commerce on micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in sub-Saharan Africa using evidence from Nigeria. In a descriptive research design, we adopted both descriptive and inferential statistics to answer the three research questions and test the corresponding hypotheses. Primary data gleaned from a sample of 400 respondents selected across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria using multiple sampling techniques was used for the study. Results from logit model regression show that digital commerce has made significant impacts on performance, growth and expansion, as well as cost-effectiveness and profitability of MSMEs in Nigeria. While the study noted that, though litany of challenges still confronts digital commerce in sub-Saharan Africa, we still concluded that any increase in awareness and adoption of digital commercial activities by one unit has an odd ratio of about 10.1, hence, MSMEs output will be 10 times likely improve by the unit increase. To this, we recommended that both government and other relevant stakeholders must partner to ensure that enabling digital environments are created for sustainable digital commerce. This partnership must function well in removing all bottlenecks especially as it concerns infrastructural development, regulations and improved financial inclusion.
Pengetahuan dan Pemberdayaan Remaja dalam Pembentukan Calon Kader Remaja di SMPN 4 Desa Oenlasi Kabupaten Kupang
Authors: Odi L. Namangdjabar  , Tirza Viviandri Isabela Tabelak  , Martina Fenansia Diaz  , Hasri Yulianti  
Published: February 2025

Remaja adalah masa yang penuh tantangan, terutama terkait kesehatan fisik dan mental. Pada fase ini, penting bagi remaja untuk mendapatkan akses ke informasi yang benar tentang kesehatan mereka, serta dukungan dari lingkungan, termasuk keluarga dan masyarakat. Posyandu Remaja adalah program yang bertujuan untuk memberikan layanan kesehatan dan pendidikan kesehatan kepada remaja, yang rentan terhadap berbagai masalah kesehatan, seperti anemia, stunting, dan gangguan psikologis. Tujuan dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini untuk membentuk kader remaja dan meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja melalui pelatihan. Metode yang dilakukan adalah pembentukan kader remaja melalui pendekatan dan sosialisasi serta pelatihan dan pelantikan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja yang dilakukan di SMPN 4, Desa Oenlasi, Kabupaten Kupang. Hasil kegiatan ini yaitu dari 28 orang remaja yang mengikuti kegiatan pelatihan (pre test) memiliki pengetahuan kurang sebanyak 64,2% dan setelah pelatihan (post test) remaja yang memiliki pengetahuan baik menjadi 82,1%. Dari pelatihan ini terdapat 10 remaja putra dan putri yang bersedia menjadi kader remaja dan berkomitmen dalam mendukung program program remaja, salah satunya adalah kegiatan posyandu remaja yang akan dilakukan dalam setiap bulan di SMPN 4, Desa Oenlasi, Kabupaten Kupang.
TR-TRVD: Triple Riders - Traffic Rule Violation Detection using YOLOv8-BBIA for Intelligent Transportation System
Authors: Arshad Mohd , Kumar Pradeep 
Published: February 2025

To restraints the rate of fatality due to accident, a powerful and adequate implementation of traffic rules and continuous monitoring is required. Traffic Rule Violation Detection (TRVD) system aims to identify the traffic rule violation – triple riding and ensures that the rule must be followed 24*7 without any human intervention. To detect the traffic rule violation, deep learning based single shot detection algorithm is utilized. YOLO (You Only Look Once) algorithm used for detection of two wheeler and number of persons riding on a motorcycle, the system detect and classify a person is following a traffic rule strictly or not. The suggested method trains a model on a datasets that combines custom images with publicly available datasets. This approach is very effective at accurately detecting traffic rule violations related to triple riding, whether it's a single rider or multiple riders on the bike.Furthermore, to address the issue of class imbalance, data augmentation techniques were utilizedto increase the variation in training data. This strengthen the model's effectiveness in applying to practical scenarios. Different YOLO family algorithm has been utilized for development of detection model. The YOLOv8 model was tested on a total of 80 images and detection accuracy exhibited an F1 score, precision and mAP@50 of 76.4%, 73.5% and 81.6% respectively for all classes. We manually tested triple riding traffic rule violation using our proposed algorithm and found that the system gives 92.7% of accuracy. These findings highlight the potential of proposed model, thus fostering safer motorcycling practices.
Identifikasi Bahaya Dan Penilaian Risiko K3 Pada Aktivitas Penjahit Rumahan Di Kelurahan Warungboto, Kecamatan Umbulharjo, Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Pratama Wiki , Delima Sekar Putri 
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang : Kecelakaan kerja dialami pada perkembangan industri salah satunya yaitu industri informal. Industri informal di Indonesia sangat banyak salah satunya penjahit rumahan, pekerjaan tersebut harus dilakukan secara manual yang memerlukan tenaga fisik yang sangat besar, sehingga aktivitas kerja dalam penjahit rumahan terdapat bahaya yang dapat berisiko pada manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bahaya dan risiko K3 pada aktivitas penjahit rumahan di Kelurahan Warungboto, Kecamatan Umbulharjo, Kota Yogyakarta. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik yang digunakan untuk menentukan subyek wawancara pada penelitian ini yaitu 5 orang penjahit rumahan sebagian informan utama dan 5 orang terdekat yaitu keluarga yang tinggal satu rumah dengan penjahit sebagai informan pendukung, penentuan subyek menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Selain itu pada penelitian ini menggunakan 2 triangulasi yaitu triangulasi sumber dan metode. Hasil : Berdasarkan hasil dari penilaian risiko pada pembuatan pakaian pada penjahit rumahan di Kelurahan Warungboto yaitu terdapat satu high risk, sedangkan terdapat tujuh aktivitas moderate risk, dan terdapat dua aktivitas dengan low risk. Kesimpulan : Bahaya yang di timbulkan dari aktivitas penjahit rumahan yaitu ergonomi, mekanik, psikologi, kimia, dan bahaya fisika, sumber bahaya tersebut dapat menyebabkan pegal pada kaki dan pinggang, nyeri punggung, tangan terluka, pusing pada kepala, gangguan pernapasan, tertusuk jarum, kesemutan.
Descriptive analysis of risk factors for preterm infants with birth weight
Authors: Ouanouche El Hassan , Rahmouni Safae , Skalli Houssaini Khadija , Stati Soukaina , Oukachou Driss , Hmami Fouzia 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Prematurity is defined as a birth occurring before the 37th week of amenorrhea, calculated from the 1st day of the last menstrual period and/or an ultrasound scan performed during the first trimester of pregnancy. Premature birth continues to be the world's leading cause of infant and child mortality, sensorimotor disability, and neurodevelopmental difficulties. Objective: Our work aims to describe the incidence and risk factors of prematurity and compare our results with those of other studies.
Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive study conducted over two years, from June 1, 2021, to June 30, 2023, at the neonatology and neonatal intensive care unit of CHU HASSAN II in Fez. Statistical analyses were performed using the JAMOVI software. Qualitative variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages, while quantitative variables were presented as means with standard deviations (SD) or medians with interquartile ranges (IQR).
Results: The neonatology and neonatal resuscitation department welcomed 241 premature newborns with a birth weight ≤ 1500g, representing 8.80% of all hospitalizations in the department. 127 (53%) were female, and 114 (47%) male. The mean gestational age was 30.6 ± 2.4 weeks of amenorrhea. 71% of newborns (170) were born spontaneously preterm, and 29% (71) induced preterm. Factors associated with prematurity were mainly the threat of preterm delivery (36%), lack of medical follow-up of pregnancy (21%), gravidic hypertension in 18.67%, and gestational diabetes in 5.80% of cases.
Conclusion: This study determined the frequency of premature delivery and identified certain risk factors, some of which are already targeted by the national perinatal program. The results of our study are intended to sound the alarm about the need to implement a management plan to improve the monitoring and management of premature pregnancies and births at all levels of care.
Cum dignitate otium Senatorial domus in Imperial Rome
Authors: Eck Werner 
Published: February 2025

Das kaiserzeitliche Stadtbild Roms ist in der historischen Überlieferung beherrscht von den Bauten, die von oder für Kaiser errichtet wurden. Das entspricht auch der realen Macht, die in den Händen der Kaiser lag. Doch neben ihnen spielte der Senat und seine einzelnen Mitglieder eine wesentliche Rolle, was auch für das konkrete Stadtbild galt. Viele Senatoren hatten prachtvolle domus in Rom, die auch gesellschaftliche und kultureller Mittelpunkt waren. Viele davon lassen sich durch epigraphische Zeugnisse nachweisen. Doch nur in ganz wenigen Fällen blieb der Name einer senatorischen Familie damit verbunden. Verursacht ist dies auch dadurch, dass viele dieser Familien nur für eine oder wenige Generationen einen Sitze im Senat hatten.

In the historical tradition, the imperial cityscape of Rome is dominated by the buildings that were built by or for emperors. This also corresponds to the real power that was in the hands of the emperors. But besides them, the Senate and its individual members played an essential role, which was also true for the concrete cityscape. Many senators had magnificent domus in Rome, which were also center of social and cultural life. Many of them are documented by epigraphic evidence. But only in very few cases the name of a senatorial family remained connected with it. This is also due to the fact that many of these families held a seat in the Senate for only one or a few generations.
Aristotle, Topics 122a27-30 and Related Issues
Authors: Glucker John 
Published: February 2025

In this article I suggest that at 122a27-8 we should emend μήτ’ αὐξήσεως μήτ’ μειώσεως to μήτ’ αὐξήσεως μήτ’ ἀλλοιώσεως. This although μείωσις, the opposite of αὔξησις, seems to be quite natural here. My reasons for this emendation are complex, and involve a discussion, with many quotations from Aristotle and from Alexander of Aphrodisias as testimonies for the various points I make. Much of my discusuon also helps in sorting out some details in Aristotle's discussions of κίνησις of various sorts, and is directed at students who have paid much attention to the Physics in the original Greek.
How Decisions by Apple and Google obstruct App Privacy
Authors: Kollnig Konrad , Shadbolt Nigel 
Published: February 2025

Ample past research highlighted that privacy problems are widespread in mobile apps and can have disproportionate impacts on individuals. However, doing such research, especially through automated methods, remains hard and has become an arms race with those who engage in invasive data practices. This paper analyses how decisions by Apple and Google, the makers of the two primary app ecosystems (iOS and Android), currently hold back (automated) app privacy research and thereby create systemic risks that have previously not been systematically documented. Such an analysis is timely and pertinent since the newly enacted EU Digital Services Act (DSA) obliges Very Large Online Platforms to enable ‘vetted researchers’ to study systemic risks (Article 40) and to put in place reasonable, proportionate and effective mitigation measures against systemic risks (Article 35).
Language as Access Point to Spatial Knowledge: A Cognitive Discourse Analysis (CODA) of Planning & Navigation Accounts
Authors: Rabbia Noreen  , Huma Batool  , Syeda Juwairyya Mobein  
Published: February 2025

This article aims to identify the type of spatial knowledge in use when people plan or navigate a route in any unfamiliar environment. For this purpose, route descriptions were used as a medium to examine and identify linguistic items that refer to spatial knowledge at work during planning and navigation. In this regard, two spatial tasks were designed including map reading and real-time navigation activities, followed by the retrospective interviews under the methodological framework of Cognitive Discourse Analysis (CODA). The linguistic data showed that people use spatial linguistic markers to indicate concrete spatial elements such as landmarks, start and end points, directions and positions, public orientation aids including objects in the spatial field, referential statements, deixis, explorations items and linguistic items to indicate certainty and uncertainty in the new environment. The findings suggest that in the planning discourses, linguistic items related to concrete spatial elements and uncertainty markers were prevalent as map presents concrete information and provides a 2-D view of the environment. On the contrary, the dominance of linguistic items related to public orientations aids were observed in the real-time navigation data. This suggests that participants, while exploring the actual field, were relying more on their referential system to remain oriented in the 3-D environment. Overall, the findings confirm that human language carries the mental representations to express cognitive functions at work during any cognitive task.
The effect of anticipatory consistency on perceived stress level of women: coping as a mediator
Authors: Borovikov Andrei Vladislavovich , Limanskaia Alina Eduardovna 
Published: February 2025

Every day a person experiences tension and perceives various situations as stressful. Stress is known to have an impact on mental and physical health. There is evidence that women experience more distress than men. In this regard, it becomes relevant to study the factors and mechanisms associated with distress in women. Coping strategies and anticipatory consistency can be attributed to such variables. An analysis of the literature revealed a shortage of studies that would examine the relationship between anticipatory well-being, coping behavior, and perceived stress. The aim of the current study is to determine how anticipatory well–being affects perceived stress of women, and whether coping strategies are involved in this relationship. It is assumed that anticipatory consistency is negatively related to perceived stress, and coping strategies mediate the relationship between anticipation and stress. The study involved 305 female respondents. The following psychodiagnostic methods were used: the scale of perceived stress 10, the questionnaire "Strategies of coping behavior", a short version of the test of anticipatory consistency. Statistical methods: correlation analysis, simple mediation analysis, multiple mediation analysis. The result is a model of multiple mediation. Anticipatory well-being of women is negatively related to the level of perceived stress. This relationship is not direct, but is mediated by coping strategies. Coping methods such as "escape-avoidance" and "problem-solving planning" mediate the relationship between anticipatory well-being and the level of perceived stress. The higher the level of anticipatory ability, the higher the probability of using the "problem solving planning" strategy, which reduces the level of perceived stress, and the lower the probability of actualizing the "escape-avoidance" coping strategy, which is associated with increased stress. Anticipatory consistency makes it possible to predict the results of coping behavior even before the actualization of a specific activity, and coping strategies act as specific efforts that affect stress. The main limitations of the current work are also briefly considered.
Long-Term Outcomes of Medical Management vs Bariatric Surgery in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Courcoulas Anita P. , Patti Mary Elizabeth , Hu Bo , Arterburn David E. , Simonson Donald C. , Gourash William F. , Jakicic John M. , Vernon Ashley H. , Beck Gerald J. , Schauer Philip R. , Kashyap Sangeeta R. , Aminian Ali , Cummings David E. , Kirwan John P. 
Published: February 2024

ImportanceRandomized clinical trials of bariatric surgery have been limited in size, type of surgical procedure, and follow-up duration.ObjectiveTo determine long-term glycemic control and safety of bariatric surgery compared with medical/lifestyle management of type 2 diabetes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsARMMS-T2D (Alliance of Randomized Trials of Medicine vs Metabolic Surgery in Type 2 Diabetes) is a pooled analysis from 4 US single-center randomized trials conducted between May 2007 and August 2013, with observational follow-up through July 2022.InterventionParticipants were originally randomized to undergo either medical/lifestyle management or 1 of the following 3 bariatric surgical procedures: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, or adjustable gastric banding.Main Outcome and MeasuresThe primary outcome was change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) from baseline to 7 years for all participants. Data are reported for up to 12 years.ResultsA total of 262 of 305 eligible participants (86%) enrolled in long-term follow-up for this pooled analysis. The mean (SD) age of participants was 49.9 (8.3) years, mean (SD) body mass index was 36.4 (3.5), 68.3% were women, 31% were Black, and 67.2% were White. During follow-up, 25% of participants randomized to undergo medical/lifestyle management underwent bariatric surgery. The median follow-up was 11 years. At 7 years, HbA1c decreased by 0.2% (95% CI, −0.5% to 0.2%), from a baseline of 8.2%, in the medical/lifestyle group and by 1.6% (95% CI, −1.8% to −1.3%), from a baseline of 8.7%, in the bariatric surgery group. The between-group difference was −1.4% (95% CI, −1.8% to −1.0%; P &amp;lt; .001) at 7 years and −1.1% (95% CI, −1.7% to −0.5%; P = .002) at 12 years. Fewer antidiabetes medications were used in the bariatric surgery group. Diabetes remission was greater after bariatric surgery (6.2% in the medical/lifestyle group vs 18.2% in the bariatric surgery group; P = .02) at 7 years and at 12 years (0.0% in the medical/lifestyle group vs 12.7% in the bariatric surgery group; P &amp;lt; .001). There were 4 deaths (2.2%), 2 in each group, and no differences in major cardiovascular adverse events. Anemia, fractures, and gastrointestinal adverse events were more common after bariatric surgery.Conclusion and RelevanceAfter 7 to 12 years of follow-up, individuals originally randomized to undergo bariatric surgery compared with medical/lifestyle intervention had superior glycemic control with less diabetes medication use and higher rates of diabetes remission.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02328599
Female Sex and Mortality in Patients with Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
Authors: Westgeest Annette C. , Lambregts Merel M. C. , Ruffin Felicia , Korn Rachel E. , Webster Maren E. , Kair Jackson L. , Parsons Joshua B. , Maskarinec Stacey A. , Kaplan Samantha , Dekkers Olaf M. , de Boer Mark G. J. , Fowler Vance G. , Thaden Joshua T. 
Published: February 2024

ImportanceStaphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of death due to bacterial bloodstream infection. Female sex has been identified as a risk factor for mortality in S aureus bacteremia (SAB) in some studies, but not in others.ObjectiveTo determine whether female sex is associated with increased mortality risk in SAB.Data SourcesMEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception to April 26, 2023.Study SelectionIncluded studies met the following criteria: (1) randomized or observational studies evaluating adults with SAB, (2) included 200 or more patients, (3) reported mortality at or before 90 days following SAB, and (4) reported mortality stratified by sex. Studies on specific subpopulations (eg, dialysis, intensive care units, cancer patients) and studies that included patients with bacteremia by various microorganisms that did not report SAB-specific data were excluded.Data Extraction and SynthesisData extraction and quality assessment were performed by 1 reviewer and verified by a second reviewer. Risk of bias and quality were assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Mortality data were combined as odds ratios (ORs).Main Outcome and MeasuresMortality at or before 90-day following SAB, stratified by sex.ResultsFrom 5339 studies retrieved, 89 were included (132 582 patients; 50 258 female [37.9%], 82 324 male [62.1%]). Unadjusted mortality data were available from 81 studies (109 828 patients) and showed increased mortality in female patients compared with male patients (pooled OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.06-1.18). Adjusted mortality data accounting for additional patient characteristics and treatment variables were available from 32 studies (95 469 patients) and revealed a similarly increased mortality risk in female relative to male patients (pooled adjusted OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.11-1.27). No evidence of publication bias was encountered.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, female patients with SAB had higher mortality risk than males in both unadjusted and adjusted analyses. Further research is needed to study the potential underlying mechanisms.