bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of apoptosis resistance and treatment strategies to overcome them in hormone‐refractory prostate cancer
Authors: Uzzo Robert G. , Haas Naomi B. , Crispen Paul L. , Kolenko Vladimir M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractNew therapeutic strategies are needed to improve treatment outcomes in men with hormone‐refractory prostate cancer. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cell death in response to therapeutic strategies will help avoid ineffective treatment regimens and provide a molecular basis for new therapeutic modalities targeting apoptosis‐resistant forms of prostate cancer. In this review, the authors focused on the established aberrations of apoptosis in hormone‐refractory prostate cancer, and they have described novel treatment strategies to overcome apoptosis resistance. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Zweischalige Außenwände aus Kalksandsteinmauerwerk
Authors: Prepens Manfred 
Published: February 2008

AbstractZweischalige Außenwände bieten hohen Wärme‐ und Witterungsschutz. Die Verblendschale wird im Allgemeinen als Sichtmauerwerk erstellt und ist für die Gestaltung der Gebäude von großer Bedeutung (Bilder 1 und 2).Passivhausgeeignete Außenwände mit U ≈ 0,15 W/(m2K) lassen sich sehr gut in zweischaliger Bauweise realisieren. Dies ist sowohl mit erhöhten Schalenabständen (nach allgemeiner bauaufsichtlicher Zulassung: bis zu 200 mm zulässig) und/oder durch Einsatz optimierter Wärmedämmstoffe (z. B. Phenolharzhartschaum mit Wärmeleitfähigkeit 0,022 W/(mK)) möglich.Bei der Ausführung von hochwärmedämmenden zweischaligen Außenwänden ist besonders auf die Minimierung von Wärmebrücken zu achten. Dabei sind vor allem bei den Anschlussdetails Sockel, Fenster, Geschossdecke und Dach sorgfältig zu planen. In der Praxis bewährte Details sind der Detailsammlung Kalksandstein und dem Wärmebrückenkatalog Kalksandstein zu entnehmen.Als Sperrschicht für die Abdichtung des Fußpunktes der Verblendschalen sind die in DIN 18195 genannten Bitumen‐ oder Kunststoffbahnen zu verwenden. Die Eignung dünnerer Bahnen ist durch ein bauaufsichtliches Prüfungszeugnis für den jeweiligen Anwendungsbereich nachzuweisen und sollte vertraglich vereinbart werden.
A Novel β‐Amino Acid in Cytotoxic Peptides from the Cyanobacterium Tychonema sp.
Authors: Mehner Christian , Müller Daniela , Krick Anja , Kehraus Stefan , Löser Reik , Gütschow Michael , Maier Armin , Fiebig Heinz‐Herbert , Brun Reto , König Gabriele M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe cyclic dodecapeptides tychonamide A (1) and B (2) isolated from the methanolic extract of the cyanobacterium Tychonema sp. contain the novel β‐amino acid 3‐amino‐2,5,7‐trihydroxy‐8‐phenyloctanoic acid (Atpoa). Compounds 1 and 2 have cytotoxic activity towards cancer cell linesin a monolayer assay with mean IC50 values of 0.9 and 3.3 μg mL–1, respectively. Compound 2 was shown to be active against tumor cell suspensions derived fromsolid tumor xenografts in a clonogenic assay (mean IC50 2.4 μg mL–1). Additionally, antiprotozoal activity was observed (Trypanosoma b. rhodesiense, IC50 0.1 μg mL–1) for compound 1. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Bivariate combined linkage and association mapping of quantitative trait loci
Authors: Jung Jeesun , Zhong Ming , Liu Lian , Fan Ruzong 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIn this paper, bivariate/multivariate variance component models are proposed for high‐resolution combined linkage and association mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL), based on combinations of pedigree and population data. Suppose that a quantitative trait locus is located in a chromosome region that exerts pleiotropic effects on multiple quantitative traits. In the region, multiple markers such as single nucleotide polymorphisms are typed. Two regression models, “genotype effect model” and “additive effect model”, are proposed to model the association between the markers and the trait locus. The linkage information, i.e., recombination fractions between the QTL and the markers, is modeled in the variance and covariance matrix. By analytical formulae, we show that the “genotype effect model” can be used to model the additive and dominant effects simultaneously; the “additive effect model” only takes care of additive effect. Based on the two models, F‐test statistics are proposed to test association between the QTL and markers. By analytical power analysis, we show that bivariate models can be more powerful than univariate models. For moderate‐sized samples, the proposed models lead to correct type I error rates; and so the models are reasonably robust. As a practical example, the method is applied to analyze the genetic inheritance of rheumatoid arthritis for the data of The North American Rheumatoid Arthritis Consortium, Problem 2, Genetic Analysis Workshop 15, which confirms the advantage of the proposed bivariate models. Genet. Epidemiol. 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Separation of crystal violet dyes and its application to pen ink analysis using CZE and MEKC methods
Authors: Shih Chun‐Min , Liu Ju‐Tsung , Chen Bo‐Hong , Lin Cheng‐Huang 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA crystal violet (CV) standard was irradiated under a Hg–Cd lamp for different exposure times to obtain various N‐demethylation products. CZE effectively separated the photodegradation products based on molecular weight differences. In contrast, micellar EKC (MEKC), using SDS as the surfactant, was ineffective because the binding constants of the demethylation products and SDS were too close for separation. Nevertheless, MEKC analysis of ink has applications in forensic science because MEKC separated neutral components in the inks. Thus, MEKC can be used to obtain an ink “fingerprint” since each ink is unique depending on the location and time it was made. In contrast, CZE is useful for dating inks because CV is the primary ink dye and it photodegrades slowly.
Sensitivity enhancement for the analysis of naproxen in tap water by solid‐phase extraction coupled in‐line to capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Macià Alba , Borrull Francesc , Calull Marta , Benavente Fernando , Hernández Elena , Sanz‐Nebot Victòria , Barbosa José , Aguilar Carme 
Published: February 2008

AbstractSPE coupled in‐line to CE, as the strategy to enhance the concentration sensitivity in CE, has been used to enrich naproxen in tap water samples. In this study, a microcartridge containing an octadecyl silica (C18) sorbent was placed near the inlet within the separation capillary column. The optimum conditions were obtained when naproxen in an acidic aqueous solution (pH 3.5) was loaded into the capillary at 930 mbar for 30 min, and 20 mM ammonium acetate in methanol/water (70:30 v/v) was used as both an elution solution and a separation BGE. Under these conditions, the sensitivity was enhanced 1820‐fold with respect to normal hydrodynamic injection, and the LOD achieved was 0.2 μg/L. To show the capability of the in‐line SPE‐CE method, tap water samples were analysed after a pretreatment consisting in an off‐line C18‐SPE procedure. The recovery of this procedure was higher than 80%. Under these conditions, naproxen could be detected at a concentration of 10 ng/L; so the potential of the procedure for the sensitive analysis of this type of drugs in water samples was demonstrated. Afterwards, these results were compared with those previously obtained for naproxen in water samples using different sample stacking techniques.
Feeding ecology of monkfish Lophius gastrophysus in the south-western Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Valentim M.F.M. , Caramaschi E.P. , Vianna M. 
Published: February 2008

The diet of the monkfish Lophius gastrophysus is described based on the analysis of stomach contents, for the south-western Atlantic from samples landed in the fishing port of Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, from April 2004 to March 2006. Feeding intensity, measured as the presence or absence of contents in stomachs, and differences in the items' composition were analysed by sex, size-class and season. High feeding intensity predominated for females >32 cm and for males <31 cm. There was no seasonal pattern in the occurrence of full or empty stomachs. The most important category in the diet was fish with 25 identified species. Dactylopterus volitans showed the highest alimentary index value, mainly because of the feeding of juvenile monkfish. The second most important category was Mollusca, represented mainly by squid. No relationships between predator- and prey-lengths and weights were observed; but there was a tendency to consume light and small prey independently of the size of the monkfish.
Genomic expression of mesenchymal stem cells to altered nanoscale topographies
Authors: Dalby Matthew J , Andar Abhay , Nag Abhijit , Affrossman Stanley , Tare Rahul , McFarlane Sara , Oreffo Richard O.C 
Published: February 2008

The understanding of cellular response to the shape of their environment would be of benefit in the development of artificial extracellular environments for potential use in the production of biomimetic surfaces. Specifically, the understanding of how cues from the extracellular environment can be used to understand stem cell differentiation would be of special interest in regenerative medicine.In this paper, the genetic profile of mesenchymal stem cells cultured on two osteogenic nanoscale topographies (pitted surface versus raised islands) are compared with cells treated with dexamethasone, a corticosteroid routinely used to stimulate bone formation in culture from mesenchymal stem cells, using 19k gene microarrays as well as 101 gene arrays specific for osteoblast and endothelial biology.The current studies show that by altering the shape of the matrix a cell response (genomic profile) similar to that achieved with chemical stimulation can be elicited. Here, we show that bone formation can be achieved with efficiency similar to that of dexamethasone with the added benefit that endothelial cell development is not inhibited. We further show that the mechanism of action of the topographies and dexamethasone differs. This could have an implication for tissue engineering in which a simultaneous, targeted, development of a tissue, such as bone, without the suppression of angiogenesis to supply nutrients to the new tissue is required. The results further demonstrate that perhaps the shape of the extracellular matrix is critical to tissue development.
An objective tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature gradient index for studies of south Amazon dry-season climate variability and change
Authors: Good Peter , Lowe Jason A , Collins Mat , Moufouma-Okia Wilfran 
Published: February 2008

Future changes in meridional sea surface temperature (SST) gradients in the tropical Atlantic could influence Amazon dry-season precipitation by shifting the patterns of moisture convergence and vertical motion. Unlike for the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, there are no standard indices for quantifying this gradient. Here we describe a method for identifying the SST gradient that is most closely associated with June–August precipitation over the south Amazon. We use an ensemble of atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) integrations forced by observed SST from 1949 to 2005. A large number of tropical Atlantic SST gradient indices are generated randomly and temporal correlations are examined between these indices and June–August precipitation averaged over the Amazon Basin south of the equator. The indices correlating most strongly with June–August southern Amazon precipitation form a cluster of near-meridional orientation centred near the equator. The location of the southern component of the gradient is particularly well defined in a region off the Brazilian tropical coast, consistent with known physical mechanisms. The chosen index appears to capture much of the Atlantic SST influence on simulated southern Amazon dry-season precipitation, and is significantly correlated with observed southern Amazon precipitation.We examine the index in 36 different coupled atmosphere–ocean model projections of climate change under a simple compound 1% increase in CO2. Within the large spread of responses, we find a relationship between the projected trend in the index and the Amazon dry-season precipitation trends. Furthermore, the magnitude of the trend relationship is consistent with the inter-annual variability relationship found in the AGCM simulations. This suggests that the index would be of use in quantifying uncertainties in climate change in the region.
Improving concept‐based web image retrieval by mixing semantically similar Greek queries
Authors: Lazarinis Fotis 
Published: February 2008

PurposeImage searching is a common activity for web users. Search engines offer image retrieval services based on textual queries. Previous studies have shown that web searching is more demanding when the search is not in English and does not use a Latin‐based language. The aim of this paper is to explore the behaviour of the major search engines in image retrieval using Greek text queries and to present and evaluate an image metaseacher that combines semantically similar queries to improve the relevance in image retrieval.Design/methodology/approachInitially the image retrieval capabilities (based on the number of items retrieved and their relevance) of search engines in Greek queries is studied with a number of semantically similar queries which differ in morphology. Then a system that produces semantically similar queries and merges their results is presented and the increase in relevance is measured. For the purpose of this paper, a number of queries suggested by a few students are run through the presented metasearcher and directly in the search engines. The participants of the evaluation study measured the precision in both cases.FindingsThe initial evaluation revealed that search engines retrieve different results in queries that differ in morphology or in grammar but still express exactly the same information need. Omission of diacritics affects the retrieval negatively as well. The study showed that the number of relevant images increases by combining the results of queries that differ in morphology.Originality/valueThe findings of this study could be applicable to other complex non‐Latin languages based, for example, on the Cyrillic alphabet. The presented metasearcher is a framework on how to expand the image retrieval capabilities of existing search engines. Its modular nature allows the straightforward integration of other techniques that are tailored to the characteristics of specific natural languages.
Comparison of Wikipedia and other encyclopedias for accuracy, breadth, and depth in historical articles
Authors: Holman Rector Lucy 
Published: February 2008

PurposeThis paper seeks to provide reference librarians and faculty with evidence regarding the comprehensiveness and accuracy of Wikipedia articles compared with respected reference resources.Design/methodology/approachThis content analysis evaluated nine Wikipedia articles against comparable articles in Encyclopaedia Britannica, The Dictionary of American History and American National Biography Online in order to compare Wikipedia's comprehensiveness and accuracy. The researcher used a modification of a stratified random sampling and a purposive sampling to identify a variety of historical entries and compared each text in terms of depth, accuracy, and detail.FindingsThe study did reveal inaccuracies in eight of the nine entries and exposed major flaws in at least two of the nine Wikipedia articles. Overall, Wikipedia's accuracy rate was 80 percent compared with 95‐96 percent accuracy within the other sources. This study does support the claim that Wikipedia is less reliable than other reference resources. Furthermore, the research found at least five unattributed direct quotations and verbatim text from other sources with no citations.Research limitations/implicationsMore research must be undertaken to analyze Wikipedia entries in other disciplines in order to judge the source's accuracy and overall quality. This paper also shows the need for analysis of Wikipedia articles' histories and editing process.Practical implicationsThis research provides a methodology for further content analysis of Wikipedia articles.Originality/valueAlthough generalizations cannot be made from this paper alone, the paper provides empirical data to support concerns regarding the accuracy and authoritativeness of Wikipedia.
Drive‐by BI
Authors: Arant‐Kaspar Wendi , Benefiel Candace 
Published: February 2008

PurposeThis paper seeks to describe a program that provides quick and relevant library instruction and research support for teaching faculty and their students within the context of the classroom.Design/methodology/approachThe paper identifies the pressures on teaching faculty to improve critical inquiry and to conform with the state requirements and demands of future employers as providing an opportunity for academic librarians to present library instruction as a win‐win solution, consistent with library priorities in supporting research and promoting information literacy.FindingsThis project describes a strategy for implementing a drive‐by BI mini‐session, including identifying key courses and faculty, contacting them, positioning the drive‐by BI opportunity for the best effect and impact, and following up with the faculty and students.Practical implicationsThis approach is particularly useful for librarians who are striving to reach teaching faculty and, through them, students with the benefits of information literacy, library support and research methods.Originality/valueThis paper describes a proactive approach to library instruction, one that acknowledges the demands upon and goals of both students and faculty in the classroom.
Partnering and programming for undergraduate honors students
Authors: Fraser Riehle Catherine 
Published: February 2008

PurposeThis paper sets out to describe successful partnerships between Purdue University Libraries' faculty and directors of undergraduate honors programs. By reporting the results and implications of these collaborations and sharing effective approaches for building new partnerships, the author hopes to provide ideas and suggestions for others considering similar collaborations and services.Design/methodology/approachDuring the 2006/2007 academic year, the Instructional Outreach Librarian at Purdue University, West Lafayette, began partnering with directors of honors programs and consequently implemented new services for undergraduate honors students. The paper cites examples, including one pilot program in particular – a research workshop for freshmen honors students in the College of Liberal Arts. Also included are recommendations and effective approaches for partnership building, survey results, and plans for future programming and services.FindingsThese partnerships have strengthened the Libraries' visibility and effectiveness in preparing undergraduate honors students for college‐level research and lifelong learning. Though frequent communication and an invested recognition of shared goals is essential, partnerships between librarians and honors programs directors are a natural fit, as both groups work towards undergraduate learning and academic achievement.Practical implicationsPartnering and collaborating with groups outside the library contributes to the effectiveness of library services. This is particularly the case for environments where a naturally broad opportunity may not exist, as is the case at Purdue University, which lacks a core curriculum and information literacy requirement. The efforts described in this paper are transferable and could serve as useful models for librarians considering similar partnerships and programs.Originality/valueAdvocating libraries and the importance of information literacy skills is essential in today's digital information age. Reaching out to potential users and partnering with relevant groups and individuals in the community are invaluable in making known the Libraries' mission and importance.
Coordinated action in reverse distribution systems
Authors: Flygansvær Bente M. , Gadde Lars‐Erik , Haugland Sven A. 
Published: February 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to address the prerequisites for achieving coordinated action in reverse distribution systems. It is an underlying assumption in distribution, logistics and supply chain management that a higher level of coordination between the actors is superior to a lower, and a higher levels of coordination will in turn lead to increased performance. Coordination requires the actors to implement efficient coordination mechanisms. The separate distribution flows need to be coordinated individually with appropriate coordination mechanisms. Furthermore, actors need to pay close attention to how different coordination mechanisms co‐exist in order to achieve a higher level of coordinated action and superior system performance.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on a comparative case study of reverse distribution systems for electrical and electronic products in Norway.FindingsThe empirical results indicate that lack of coordination across flows increases costs and reduces the service level, and a low level of coordinated action is achieved. In contrast, it is also found that well functioning coordination mechanisms across flows decrease costs and increase the level of service, indicating that coordinated action is achieved. It is also found that end‐user characteristics are driving forces leading to different types of reverse distribution systems.Originality/valueThe paper builds an important bridge between separate flows in distribution systems, and addresses a void in distribution research.
Evaluation of a school‐linked program for children with cancer
Authors: St Leger Pamela , Campbell Lyn 
Published: February 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show that the “Back on Track” program is designed to support students with a chronic illness (usually cancer) to maintain contact with their school and peers whilst undergoing treatment, to promote socio‐emotional wellbeing and to facilitate the ease of return to school when they are well. An evaluation of the program occurred in its first year.Design/methodology/approachA clarificative evaluation approach was used. This involved collecting data about the elements of the program design and implementation to understand and make explicit the logic of the program. It comprised three stages: documenting the program design; gathering stakeholder feedback about the experiences in the program; and reviewing the program logic of the design and implementation approaches.FindingsThe program (“Back on Track”) actively engaged teachers, parents, students and Program staff in negotiating strategies to keep the students (patients) connected with their school and peers whilst undergoing hospital‐based treatment for their chronic condition, in this case cancer, and when recovering at home before a full return to school. Difficulties emerged with the use of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) as one of the key program components in keeping the students connected. There were also differences in views between the Program staff, schoolteachers and some of the students and their parents about the ongoing role of the Program once students had returned to school.Originality/valueThe paper indicates what is needed to enhance the implementation and success of programs such as “Back on Track” for this group of young people who have significant chronic illnesses, which necessitate prolonged absences from school and separation from peers.
Fall fare: the NISO ERM Forum
Authors: Medeiros Norm 
Published: February 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to describe highlights from the NISO ERM Forum held September 2007 in Denver, Colorado.Design/methodology/approachThe article notes key areas from the conference, gleaned from speaker comments, audience feedback, and conversations with attendees.FindingsThe biggest impediment to successful e‐resource management is lack of sufficient staffing.Originality/valueThis article provides a current view on the issues surrounding electronic resource management activities and ERMS deployment.