bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical Structure by Self‐sedimentation of Liquid Metal for Flexible Sensor Integrating Pressure Detection and Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Authors: Zhu Lida , Xu Peihua , Chang Baoquan , Ning Jinsheng , Yan Tianming , Yang Zhichao , Lu Hao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMultifunctional integration is a pivotal aspect in the development of flexible sensors that facilitate augmented interaction with the physical environment. However, contemporary multifunctional flexible sensors face challenges arising from their complex structures and high costs. Therefore, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) /liquid metal (LM) films with a hierarchical structure prepared via the gravity‐induced deposition of LM are applied to multifunctional flexible sensors. PDMS/LM films exhibit remarkable flexibility and function as flexible electrodes for pressure sensors as well as a single‐electrode mode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). The porous PDMS/carbon nanotube (CNT) dielectric with an array structure is developed for pressure sensing, showing commendable sensitivity (0.671 kPa−1) even under low pressures (0–17 kPa). Compared with solid and porous dielectrics, its sensitivity is improved over the entire pressure range. The sensor achieves a response time of ≈80 ms and demonstrates exceptional stability. Furthermore, when the PDMS/LM film with a hierarchical structure functions as a TENG, it can serve as a self‐powered sensor for measuring dynamic forces and aid in material recognition with the assistance of capacitive pressure sensing. This study provides a new perspective on the simplified design and integration of multifunctional flexible sensors.
Novel Mussel‐Inspired High‐Temperature Resistant Gel with Delayed Crosslinking Property for Ultra‐Deep Reservoir Fracturing
Authors: Xu Zhongzheng , Zhao Mingwei , Yang Ziteng , Wang Pan , Liu Jiawei , Xie Yuxin , Wu Yining , Gao Mingwei , Li Lin , Song Xuguang , Dai Caili 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMussel‐inspired materials have been widely studied due to their excellent adhesion and self‐healing properties, but few studies have introduced this interesting property into the fracturing development of deep/ultra‐deep oil and gas fields. Herein, a new type of mussel‐inspired delayed crosslinking gel fracturing fluid is reported, which is formed by mussel‐inspired polymers containing many catechol groups and organic zirconium delayed crosslinkers. The strong supramolecular interaction in mussel‐inspired polymers can construct a more complex and stable dually cross‐linked polymer network based on conventional chemical crosslinking, to cope with harsh conditions such as high temperature and shear in reservoirs. After shearing at 200 °C, the reserved viscosity of mussel‐inspired delayed crosslinking gel is as high as 95 mPa·s. More importantly, the viscosity of gel remains basically unchanged at 25 °C, and the cross‐linking is completed within 300 s at 90 °C. The chemical force probe atomic force microscope (AFM) technology has successfully demonstrated that catechol groups are the main source of supramolecular interaction in mussel‐inspired polymers. The molecular simulation results show that due to the addition of catechol groups, the hydrogen bond interactions within the mussel‐inspired polymers molecules are enhanced. And the additional hydrogen bonds formed are more stable at high temperature.
Advances in Cell‐Rich Inks for Biofabricating Living Architectures
Authors: Almeida‐Pinto José , Moura Beatriz S. , Gaspar Vítor M. , Mano João F. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAdvancing biofabrication toward manufacturing living constructs with well‐defined architectures and increasingly biologically relevant cell densities is highly desired to mimic the biofunctionality of native human tissues. The formulation of tissue‐like, cell‐dense inks for biofabrication remains, however, challenging at various levels of the bioprinting process. Promising advances have been made toward this goal, achieving relatively high cell densities that surpass those found in conventional platforms, pushing the current boundaries closer to achieving tissue‐like cell densities. On this focus, herein the overarching challenges in the bioprocessing of cell‐rich living inks into clinically grade engineered tissues are discussed, as well as the most recent advances in cell‐rich living ink formulations and their processing technologies are highlighted. Additionally, an overview of the foreseen developments in the field is provided and critically discussed.
Annual Energy‐Saving Smart Windows with Actively Controllable Passive Radiative Cooling and Multimode Heating Regulation
Authors: Deng Yuan , Yang Yihai , Xiao Yuanhang , Zeng Xingping , Xie He‐Lou , Lan Ruochen , Zhang Lanying , Yang Huai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSmart windows with radiative heat management capability using the sun and outer space as zero‐energy thermodynamic resources have gained prominence, demonstrating a minimum carbon footprint. However, realizing on‐demand thermal management throughout all seasons while reducing fossil energy consumption remains a formidable challenge. Herein, an energy‐efficient smart window that enables actively tunable passive radiative cooling (PRC) and multimode heating regulation is demonstrated by integrating the emission‐enhanced polymer‐dispersed liquid crystal (SiO2@PRC PDLC) film and a low‐emission layer deposited with carbon nanotubes. Specifically, this device can achieve a temperature close to the chamber interior ambient under solar irradiance of 700 W m−2, as well as a temperature drop of 2.3 °C at sunlight of 500 W m−2, whose multistage PRC efficiency can be rapidly adjusted by a moderate voltage. Meanwhile, synchronous cooperation of passive radiative heating (PRH), solar heating (SH), and electric heating (EH) endows this smart window with the capability to handle complicated heating situations during cold weather. Energy simulation reveals the substantial superiority of this device in energy savings compared with single‐layer SiO2@PRC PDLC, normal glass, and commercial low‐E glass when applied in different climate zones. This work provides a feasible pathway for year‐round thermal management, presenting a huge potential in energy‐saving applications.
A Glucose‐Responsive Cannula for Automated and Electronics‐Free Insulin Delivery
Authors: Fuchs Stephanie , Caserto Julia S. , Liu Qingsheng , Wang Kecheng , Shariati Kaavian , Hartquist Chase M. , Zhao Xuanhe , Ma Minglin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAutomated delivery of insulin based on continuous glucose monitoring is revolutionizing the way insulin‐dependent diabetes is treated. However, challenges remain for the widespread adoption of these systems, including the requirement of a separate glucose sensor, sophisticated electronics and algorithms, and the need for significant user input to operate these costly therapies. Herein, a user‐centric glucose‐responsive cannula is reported for electronics‐free insulin delivery. The cannula—made from a tough, elastomer‐hydrogel hybrid membrane formed through a one‐pot solvent exchange method—changes permeability to release insulin rapidly upon physiologically relevant varying glucose levels, providing simple and automated insulin delivery with no additional hardware or software. Two prototypes of the cannula are evaluated in insulin‐deficient diabetic mice. The first cannula—an ends‐sealed, subcutaneously inserted prototype—normalizes blood glucose levels for 3 d and controls postprandial glucose levels. The second, more translational version—a cannula with the distal end sealed and the proximal end connected to a transcutaneous injection port—likewise demonstrates tight, 3‐d regulation of blood glucose levels when refilled twice daily. This proof‐of‐concept study may aid in the development of “smart” cannulas and next‐generation insulin therapies at a reduced burden‐of‐care toll and cost to end‐users.
Ultrathin High‐Entropy Fe‐Based Spinel Oxide Nanosheets with Metalloid Band Structures for Efficient Nitrate Reduction toward Ammonia
Authors: Qi Shuai , Lei Zhihao , Huo Qihua , Zhao Jinwen , Huang Tianchi , Meng Na , Liao Jinlian , Yi Jiabao , Shang Chunyan , Zhang Xue , Yang Hengpan , Hu Qi , He Chuanxin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSpinel oxides with tunable chemical compositions have emerged as versatile electrocatalysts, however their performance is greatly limited by small surface area and low electron conductivity. Here, ultrathin high‐entropy Fe‐based spinel oxides nanosheets are rationally designed (i.e., (Co0.2Ni0.2Zn0.2Mg0.2Cu0.2)Fe2O4; denotes A5Fe2O4) in thickness of ≈4.3 nm with large surface area and highly exposed active sites via a modified sol–gel method. Theoretic and experimental results confirm that the bandgap of A5Fe2O4 nanosheets is significantly smaller than that of ordinary Fe‐based spinel oxides, realizing the transformation of binary spinel oxide from semiconductors to metalloids. As a result, such A5Fe2O4 nanosheets manifest excellent performance for the nitrate reduction reaction (NO3−RR) to ammonia (NH3), with a NH3 yield rate of ≈2.1 mmol h−1 cm−2 at −0.5 V versus Reversible hydrogen electrode, outperforming other spinel‐based electrocatalysts. Systematic mechanism investigations reveal that the NO3−RR is mainly occurred on Fe sites, and introducing high‐entropy compositions in tetrahedral sites regulates the adsorption strength of N and O‐related intermediates on Fe for boosting the NO3−RR. The above findings offer a high‐entropy platform to regulate the bandgap and enhance the electrocatalytic performance of spinel oxides.
The Influence of Carbon on Polytype and Growth Stability of Epitaxial Hexagonal Boron Nitride Films
Authors: Sharma Sachin , Palisaitis Justinas , Ivanov Ivan G. , Persson Per O.Å. , Pedersen Henrik , Högberg Hans 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBoron nitride (BN) is a promising 2D material as well as a potential wide‐bandgap semiconductor. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is commonly used to deposit single layers or thin films of BN, but the deposition process is insufficiently understood at an atomic scale. the CVD of BN is studied using two boron precursors, the organoboranes, triethylborane, and trimethylborane. Using high resolution (scanning) transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy, this study shows that hexagonal‐BN (h‐BN) nucleates and grows epitaxially for ≈4 nm before it either polytype transforms to rhombohedral‐BN (r‐BN), turns to less ordered turbostratic‐BN or is terminated by a layer of amorphous carbon. this study proposes that the carbon in the organoboranes deposits on the epitaxially growing h‐BN surface and this either leads to the polytype transition to r‐BN, the transition to less ordered BN growth, or complete surface poisoning with carbon terminating BN growth. These results question the use of organoboranes in CVD of epitaxial BN films, and the polytype stability of h‐BN growing on graphene.
High Q Ultra‐Low Threshold Lasing in Conjugated Polymer Blend Microspheres Promoted by FRET
Authors: González Sierra Jorge , Martin‐Merinero Alejandro , Álvarez‐Conde Javier , Iglesias Vázquez Sergio , Cabanillas‐González Juan , Wannemacher Reinhold 
Published: April 2024

AbstractConjugated polymer (CP) based microspheres of very high definition and outstanding photonic and luminescent properties are prepared by a technique based on slow solvent‐controlled diffusion into micelles formed by the surfactant cetyl(trimethyl)ammonium bromide (CTAB). Poly[(9,9‐di‐n‐octylfluorenyl‐2,7‐diyl)‐alt‐(benzo[2,1,3]thiadiazol‐4,8‐diyl)] (F8BT) and mixtures of F8BT with poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐(2’‐ethylhexyloxy)‐1,4‐phenylene vinylene (MEH‐PPV) are used for this purpose. Microspheres with diameters between 1 and 10 µm are obtained and structural characterization by AFM and SEM demonstrate good sphericity and low surface roughness. Correspondingly, spontaneous emission of the spheres exhibits Mie resonances of high quality factor (Q > 1800), appropriately reproduced employing standard Mie theory. Upon pumping the microspheres with a pulsed Nd:YAG laser operating at 355 nm lasing at low threshold fluences (≈ 4 µJ cm−2) is obtained with instrumentally limited linewidths corresponding to Q > 18000. Lasing in microspheres composed of blends of both CPs coupled by Förster resonant energy transfer (FRET), on the other hand, is observed at extremely low threshold fluences down to ≈ 0.5 µJ cm−2. Spherical structures based on appropriate blends of CPs are therefore promising candidates in the search for low‐threshold organic microlasers excited by light‐emitting diodes or diode lasers or for ultrasensitive optical sensing.
A Universal Design Strategy Achieving Large Birefringence and Short Phase‐Matching Capability of Optical Materials via Dissimilating Non‐π‐Conjugated Units
Authors: Zhou Huan , Shu Shan , Tudi Abudukadi , Jin Wenqi , Pan Shilie , Yang Zhihua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOptical materials with non‐π‐conjugated units usually can exhibit large bandgaps, which are conducive to a wide ultraviolet (UV) transparency window. However, the relatively small structural anisotropy hinders the application of these materials as nonlinear optical (NLO) and birefringent materials. Herein, a universal strategy of dissimilating non‐π‐conjugated units is proposed to enhance birefringence, optimize phase‐matching (PM) wavelength, and maintain a large bandgap. The functionality of the series of hetero‐anionic units is distinguished in terms of optimizing birefringence and PM wavelength. In particular, the dimeric hetero‐anionic unit N(SO2F)2− with the dual‐heteroatom dissimilation is found to be a novel superior optical hereto‐gene. In addition, AN(SO2F)2 (A = Li, Na‐I, K‐I/II, H) and Ba(SO3CF3)2 are identified with large birefringence of approximately 0.051–0.106 at 546 nm, which are much larger than those of corresponding sulfates. HN(SO2F)2 exhibits a short PM wavelength (208 nm), a large NLO coefficient (≈ 2 × KDP), and an extremely short UV cutoff edge (149 nm). Experimental polarizing microscope measurement confirms that the birefringence of Pbca‐KN(SO2F)2 is significantly enhanced to 0.06 at 546.1 nm, which is 12 times higher than that of K2SO4. Finally, this strategy offers direction for the design and synthesis of novel NLO or birefringent materials in the future.
Efficient Near‐Infrared Fluorescence in Deuterated Host–Guest System for Near‐Infrared Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Yu Qun , Tamura Yuika , Nakanotani Hajime , Mamada Masashi , Adachi Chihaya 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNear‐infrared organic light‐emitting diodes (NIR‐OLEDs) possess substantial potential for future valuable applications, such as a light source for sensing applications. However, the low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of NIR‐emitting molecules represents a significant impediment to these applications. In this study, the impact of the deuteration of both of host (mCP‐d20: 1,3‐Dicarbazole‐benzene‐d20) and guest (BBT‐TPA‐d28: 4,8‐bis[4‐(N,N‐diphenylamino)phenyl]benzo[1,2‐c:4,5‐c']bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole‐d28) on NIR PL properties in the host–guest codeposited film is reported. The 1 wt%‐BBT‐TPA‐d28:mCP‐d20 codeposited film exhibited PLQY of 15 ± 2% with an emission peak wavelength at ≈900 nm, which is about three times higher than that of the film composed of undeuterated molecules. Importantly, the deuteration of only the host or guest does not yield the PLQY up to 15%, underlining the importance of the deuteration of both host and guest molecules in suppressing nonradiative decay processes. The NIR‐OLED with the deuterated codeposited film as an emissive layer demonstrates a maximum external electroluminescence quantum efficiency of 2.3 ± 0.2%.
Peptide Transporter 1‐Mediated Dipeptide Transport Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis by Activating MAP4K4/G3BP2 Signaling Axis
Authors: Song Feifeng , Zhang Zhentao , Liu Weifeng , Xu Tong , Hu Xiaoping , Wang Qiyue , Zhang Wanli , Ge Luqi , Zhang Chengwu , Hu Qing , Qin Hui , Zhang Song , Ren Xinxin , Fan Weijiao , Zhang Yiwen , Huang Ping 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCancer metastasis is the leading cause of mortality in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To meet the rapid malignant growth and transformation, tumor cells dramatically increase the consumption of nutrients, such as amino acids. Peptide transporter 1 (PEPT1), a key transporter for small peptides, has been found to be an effective and energy‐saving intracellular source of amino acids that are required for the growth of tumor cells. Here, the role of PEPT1 in HCC metastasis and its underlying mechanisms is explored. PEPT1 is upregulated in HCC cells and tissues, and high PEPT1 expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with HCC. PEPT1 overexpression dramatically promoted HCC cell migration, invasion, and lung metastasis, whereas its knockdown abolished these effects both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic analysis revealed that high PEPT1 expression increased cellular dipeptides in HCC cells that are responsible for activating the MAP4K4/G3BP2 signaling pathway, ultimately facilitating the phosphorylation of G3BP2 at Thr227 and enhancing HCC metastasis. Taken together, these findings suggest that PEPT1 acts as an oncogene in promoting HCC metastasis through dipeptide‐induced MAP4K4/G3BP2 signaling and that the PEPT1/MAP4K4/G3BP2 axis can serve as a promising therapeutic target for metastatic HCC.
Apoptotic Bodies Derived from Fibroblast‐Like Cells in Subcutaneous Connective Tissue Inhibit Ferroptosis in Ischaemic Flaps via the miR‐339‐5p/KEAP1/Nrf2 Axis
Authors: Yu Gaoxiang , Chen Yijie , Yang Ningning , Zhang Haojie , Zhang Xuzi , Geng Yibo , Zhao Jiayi , Chen Zhuliu , Dong Chengji , Lin Lidan , Qi Jianjun , Zhang Xuanlong , Jiang Xiaoqiong , Gao Weiyang , Cai Yuepiao , Wang Xiangyang , Ding Jian , Xiao Jian , Zhou Kailiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPreventing and treating avascular necrosis at the distal end of the flaps are critical to surgery success, but current treatments are not ideal. A recent study shows that apoptotic bodies (ABs) generated near the site of apoptosis can be taken up and promote cell proliferation. The study reveals that ABs derived from fibroblast‐like cells in the subcutaneous connective tissue (FSCT cells) of skin flaps promoted ischaemic flap survival. It is also found that ABs inhibited cell death and oxidative stress and promoted M1‐to‐M2 polarization in macrophages. Transcriptome sequencing and protein level testing demonstrated that ABs promoted ischaemic flap survival in endothelial cells and macrophages by inhibiting ferroptosis via the KEAP1‐Nrf2 axis. Furthermore, microRNA (miR) sequencing data and in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that ABs inhibited KEAP1 by delivering miR‐339‐5p to exert therapeutic effects. In conclusion, FSCT cell‐derived ABs inhibited ferroptosis, promoted the macrophage M1‐to‐M2 transition via the miR‐339‐5p/KEAP1/Nrf2 axis and promoted ischaemic flap survival. These results provide a potential therapeutic strategy to promote ischaemic flap survival by administering ABs.
Propofol Alleviates Anxiety‐Like Behaviors Associated with Pain by Inhibiting the Hyperactivity of PVNCRH Neurons via GABAA Receptor β3 Subunits
Authors: Yu Le , Zhu Xiaona , Peng Kang , Qin Huimin , Yang Kexin , Cai Fang , Hu Ji , Zhang Ye 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPain, a comorbidity of anxiety disorders, causes substantial clinical, social, and economic burdens. Emerging evidence suggests that propofol, the most commonly used general anesthetic, may regulate psychological disorders; however, its role in pain‐associated anxiety is not yet described. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of a single dose of propofol (100 mg kg−1) in alleviating pain‐associated anxiety and examines the underlying neural mechanisms. In acute and chronic pain models, propofol decreased anxiety‐like behaviors in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field (OF) tests. Propofol also reduced the serum levels of stress‐related hormones including corticosterone, corticotropin‐releasing hormone (CRH), and norepinephrine. Fiber photometry recordings indicated that the calcium signaling activity of CRH neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVNCRH) is reduced after propofol treatment. Interestingly, artificially activating PVNCRH neurons through chemogenetics interfered with the anxiety‐reducing effects of propofol. Electrophysiological recordings indicated that propofol decreases the activity of PVNCRH neurons by increasing spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs). Further, reducing the levels of γ‐aminobutyric acid type A receptor β3 (GABAAβ3) subunits in PVNCRH neurons diminished the anxiety‐relieving effects of propofol. In conclusion, this study provides a mechanistic and preclinical rationale to treat pain‐associated anxiety‐like behaviors using a single dose of propofol.
Expanding the Palette of SWIR Emitting Nanoparticles Based on Au Nanoclusters for Single‐Particle Tracking Microscopy
Authors: Simon Apolline A. , Haye Lucie , Alhalabi Abdallah , Gresil Quentin , Muñoz Blanca Martín , Mornet Stéphane , Reisch Andreas , Le Guével Xavier , Cognet Laurent 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSingle‐molecule localization microscopy has proved promising to unravel the dynamics and molecular architecture of thin biological samples down to nanoscales. For applications in complex, thick biological tissues shifting single‐particle emission wavelengths to the shortwave infrared (SWIR also called NIR II) region between 900 to 2100 nm, where biological tissues are more transparent is key. To date, mainly single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) enable such applications, but they are inherently 1D objects. Here, 0D ultra‐small luminescent gold nanoclusters (AuNCs, <3 nm) and ≈25 nm AuNC‐loaded‐polymeric particles that can be detected at the single‐particle level in the SWIR are presented. Thanks to high brightness and excellent photostability, it is shown that the dynamics of the spherical polymeric particles can be followed at the single‐particle level in solution at video rates for minutes. We compared single particle tracking of AuNC‐loaded‐polymeric particles with that of SWCNT diffusing in agarose gels demonstrating the specificity and complementarity of diffusion properties of these SWIR‐emitting nano‐objects when exploring a complex environment. This extends the library of photostable SWIR emitting nanomaterials to 0D nano‐objects of variable size for single‐molecule localization microscopy in the second biological window, opening unprecedented possibilities for mapping the structure and dynamics of complex biological systems.