bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Electrochemical DNA Biosensors for Rapid Molecular Identification of Uropathogens in Clinical Urine Specimens
Authors: Liao Joseph C. , Mastali Mitra , Gau Vincent , Suchard Marc A. , Møller Annette K. , Bruckner David A. , Babbitt Jane T. , Li Yang , Gornbein Jeffrey , Landaw Elliot M. , McCabe Edward R. B. , Churchill Bernard M. , Haake David A. 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT

We describe the first species-specific detection of bacterial pathogens in human clinical fluid samples using a microfabricated electrochemical sensor array. Each of the 16 sensors in the array consisted of three single-layer gold electrodes—working, reference, and auxiliary. Each of the working electrodes contained one representative from a library of capture probes, each specific for a clinically relevant bacterial urinary pathogen. The library included probes for
Escherichia coli
,
Proteus mirabilis
,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
,
Enterocococcus
spp., and the
Klebsiella-Enterobacter
group. A bacterial 16S rRNA target derived from single-step bacterial lysis was hybridized both to the biotin-modified capture probe on the sensor surface and to a second, fluorescein-modified detector probe. Detection of the target-probe hybrids was achieved through binding of a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti-fluorescein antibody to the detector probe. Amperometric measurement of the catalyzed HRP reaction was obtained at a fixed potential of −200 mV between the working and reference electrodes. Species-specific detection of as few as 2,600 uropathogenic bacteria in culture, inoculated urine, and clinical urine samples was achieved within 45 min from the beginning of sample processing. In a feasibility study of this amperometric detection system using blinded clinical urine specimens, the sensor array had 100% sensitivity for direct detection of gram-negative bacteria without nucleic acid purification or amplification. Identification was demonstrated for 98% of gram-negative bacteria for which species-specific probes were available. When combined with a microfluidics-based sample preparation module, the integrated system could serve as a point-of-care device for rapid diagnosis of urinary tract infections.
Results of the First World Health Organization International Collaborative Study of Detection of Human Papillomavirus DNA
Authors: Quint Wim G. V. , Pagliusi Sonia R. , Lelie Nico , de Villiers Ethel-Michele , Wheeler Cosette M. ,   the World Health Organization Human Papillomavirus DNA International Collaborative Study Group
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT
Twenty-nine laboratories in 12 countries participated in a study to assess the performance of various human papillomavirus (HPV) detection assays through the use of a recombinant HPV DNA standard reagent panel. The panel was designed by a group of HPV experts, and samples were prepared and distributed by the World Health Organization International Laboratory for Standards and Biologicals in The Netherlands. Each panel consisted of 24 coded samples including a dilution series for HPV types 16 and 18, alone or in combination with five other high-risk (HR) HPV types including HPV types 31, 33, 35, 45, and 52, the low-risk HPV type 6, and a negative control. Qualitative assays were generally consistent across laboratories, and most invalid results reflected a lack of HPV test sensitivity. The combined data sets had a proficiency for HPV 16 of 62.5% (15/24) and for HPV 18 of 73.9% (17/23). HPV 31 was the least accurately detected by participating laboratories. Approximately half of participating laboratories failed to detect high concentrations of HPV 31 and, to a lesser extent, to detect HPV types 35, 52, and 6. The panel sample materials offer a source of renewable and reproducible material that could be used in the future development of international standard reagents for calibration of HPV DNA assays and kits.
Performance of MRSA ID, a New Chromogenic Medium for Detection of Methicillin-Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Diederen Bram M. W. , van Leest Marie-Louise , van Duijn Inge , Willemse Piet , van Keulen Peter H. J. , Kluytmans Jan A. J. W. 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT

MRSA ID was evaluated for its ability to identify methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
. A well-defined collection of staphylococci was used (
n
= 998). The sensitivity after 24 h was 96.4%, increasing to 98.8% after 48 h. The specificity was 98.2% after 24 h and decreased to 89.7% after 48 h.
Identification of
Cpgp40/15
Type Ib as the Predominant Allele in Isolates of
Cryptosporidium
spp. from a Waterborne Outbreak of Gastroenteritis in South Burgundy, France
Authors: Cohen Seth , Dalle Frédéric , Gallay Anne , Di Palma Marc , Bonnin Alain , Ward Honorine D. 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT

Cryptosporidium
sp. isolates from a waterborne outbreak of diarrhea in France were analyzed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and sequencing of the
Cpgp40/15
locus. Ninety-one percent of the isolates were
Cryptosporidium hominis
type Ib. The results of this study and those of studies of other outbreaks suggest that the type Ib allele is the predominant allele associated with waterborne cryptosporidiosis.
Emergence of a Clinical Daptomycin-Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
Isolate during Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
Bacteremia and Osteomyelitis
Authors: Marty Francisco M. , Yeh Wendy W. , Wennersten Christine B. , Venkataraman Lata , Albano Esperanza , Alyea Edwin P. , Gold Howard S. , Baden Lindsey R. , Pillai Satish K. 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT

The emergence of a clinically daptomycin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
isolate occurred during treatment of methicillin-resistant
S. aureus
bacteremia and probable vertebral osteomyelitis. The breakthrough isolate was indistinguishable from pretreatment daptomycin-susceptible isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Daptomycin nonsusceptibility was confirmed by MIC and time-kill curve analyses.
Sequence Variability of Human Erythroviruses Present in Bone Marrow of Brazilian Patients with Various Parvovirus B19-Related Hematological Symptoms
Authors: Sanabani Sabri , Neto Walter Kleine , Pereira Juliana , Sabino Ester Cerdeira 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT
The presence of erythrovirus infections was investigated by PCR with bone marrow samples of patients with various parvovirus B19-related hematological symptoms. Erythrovirus DNA was found in 17.3% (12/69) of patients. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that five strains cluster with genotype 1, one clusters with genotype 2, and six cluster with genotype 3. Our study is the first to document the presence of the three erythrovirus genotypes in Brazil.
Use of a New Dual-Antigen Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay To Detect and Characterize the Human Antibody Response to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 Envelope gp125 and gp36 Glycoproteins
Authors: Marcelino José Maria , Barroso Helena , Gonçalves Fátima , Silva Sofia Marques , Novo Carlos , Gomes Perpétua , Camacho Ricardo , Taveira Nuno 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT
A dual-antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay specific for human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) envelope proteins, ELISA-HIV2, was developed with two new recombinant polypeptides, rpC2-C3 and rgp36, derived from the HIV-2 envelope. The diagnostic performance was determined with HIV-2, HIV-1, and HIV-1/2 samples. Both polypeptides showed 100% specificity. Clinical sensitivity was 100% for rgp36 and 93.4% for rpC2-C3. ELISA-HIV2 may be used for the specific diagnosis and confirmation of HIV-2 infection.
False-Positive Amplified Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Direct Test Results for Samples Containing
Mycobacterium leprae
Authors: Chedore Pam , Broukhanski George , Shainhouse Zev , Jamieson Frances 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT

Nucleic acid amplification tests are widely used in mycobacteriology laboratories to rapidly detect
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
complex directly in clinical specimens. A positive result provides an early diagnosis of tuberculosis, allowing initiation of appropriate therapy and public health measures.
Use of Commercially Available Cryogenic Vials for Long-Term Preservation of Dermatophyte Fungi
Authors: Baker M. , Jeffries P. 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT
The use of commercially available cryogenic vials (Microbank vials) stored at −70°C for the storage and preservation of dermatophyte fungi was investigated. None of the 200 strains of dermatophytes examined, representing 21 species, showed a loss of viability after they had been stored for periods ranging from 1 week to 2 years at −70°C. All strains showed typical colonial and microscopic morphologies following revival.
High Interlaboratory Reproducibility of DNA Sequence-Based Typing of Bacteria in a Multicenter Study
Authors: Aires-de-Sousa M. , Boye K. , de Lencastre H. , Deplano A. , Enright M. C. , Etienne J. , Friedrich A. , Harmsen D. , Holmes A. , Huijsdens X. W. , Kearns A. M. , Mellmann A. , Meugnier H. , Rasheed J. K. , Spalburg E. , Strommenger B. , Struelens M. J. , Tenover F. C. , Thomas J. , Vogel U. , Westh H. , Xu J. , Witte W. 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT

Current DNA amplification-based typing methods for bacterial pathogens often lack interlaboratory reproducibility. In this international study, DNA sequence-based typing of the
Staphylococcus aureus
protein A gene (
spa
, 110 to 422 bp) showed 100% intra- and interlaboratory reproducibility without extensive harmonization of protocols for 30 blind-coded
S. aureus
DNA samples sent to 10 laboratories. Specialized software for automated sequence analysis ensured a common typing nomenclature.
Use of Molecular Beacon Probes for Real-Time PCR Detection of
Plasmodium falciparum
and Other
Plasmodium
Species in Peripheral Blood Specimens
Authors: Elsayed Sameer , Plewes Katherine , Church Deirdre , Chow Barbara , Zhang Kunyan 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT

We describe the development and evaluation of a novel pair of real-time, fluorescence-based PCR assays using molecular beacon probes for rapid, sensitive, and specific detection and quantification of
Plasmodium falciparum
and other
Plasmodium
species organisms.
Use of PCR To Demonstrate Presence of Adenovirus Species B, C, or F as Well as Coinfection with Two Adenovirus Species in Children with Flu-Like Symptoms
Authors: Echavarria Marcela , Maldonado Daniela , Elbert Gabriela , Videla Cristina , Rappaport Ruth , Carballal Guadalupe 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT
Adenovirus (AdV) respiratory infections have usually been associated with species B, C, and E. In this study, we detected 9.4% of AdVs by PCR in 500 nasal swabs from 319 children with influenza-like symptoms. AdV typing by PCR with specific probes showed species C, B, and F as well as coinfection with two species. Coinfection with two AdV species and the presence of species F in respiratory samples are novel findings that should be further investigated.
Sonication of Explanted Prosthetic Components in Bags for Diagnosis of Prosthetic Joint Infection Is Associated with Risk of Contamination
Authors: Trampuz Andrej , Piper Kerryl E. , Hanssen Arlen D. , Osmon Douglas R. , Cockerill Franklin R. , Steckelberg James M. , Patel Robin 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT
Explanted orthopedic implants from 54 patients with aseptic failure and 24 patients with prosthetic knee or hip infection were sonicated in polyethylene bags. The sensitivities of periprosthetic tissue and sonicate fluid cultures for the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection were 54% and 75%, whereas the specificities were 98% and 87%, respectively. Sonication in bags improved bacterial recovery from the surface of orthopedic implants; however, it lacked specificity, due to bag leakage.
Multilocus Genotyping of
Cryptosporidium
sp. Isolates from Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals in South India
Authors: Muthusamy Dheepa , Rao Sitara S. , Ramani Sasirekha , Monica Bindhu , Banerjee Indrani , Abraham Ooriapadickal C. , Mathai Dilip C. , Primrose Beryl , Muliyil Jayaprakash , Wanke Christine A. , Ward Honorine D. , Kang Gagandeep 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT

This study characterized cryptosporidial infections in 48 human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals in India by multilocus genotyping.
Cryptosporidium hominis
,
C. parvum
,
C. felis
,
C. muris
, and
C. meleagridis
were identified.
Cpgp40/15
PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism identified six subgenotypes. Cryptosporidial diarrhea was associated with decreased CD4 counts, below 200 (
P
= 0.009), but not high viral loads.
Absence ofHelicobacter pyloriwithin the Oral Cavities of Members of a Healthy South African Community
Authors: Olivier Brenda J. , Bond Robert P. , van Zyl Walda B. , Delport Maraliese , Slavik Tomas , Ziady Christopher , Terhaar sive Droste Jochim S. , Lastovica Albert , van der Merwe Schalk W. 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACTOur study aimed to evaluate the oral cavity as a reservoir from whereHelicobacter pylorimay be transmitted. Histology and PCR amplification were performed. Eighty-four percent of the stomach biopsies tested positive; however,H. pyloriwas not detected in dental samples, indicating the absence ofH. pyloriwithin the oral cavity.
Prospective Comparison of a New Chromogenic Medium, MRSA
Select
, to CHROMagar MRSA and Mannitol-Salt Medium Supplemented with Oxacillin or Cefoxitin for Detection of Methicillin-Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Stoakes Luba , Reyes Romina , Daniel Janis , Lennox Gwen , John Michael A. , Lannigan Robert , Hussain Zafar 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT

MRSA
Select
agar was compared to CHROMagar, mannitol-salt agar with oxacillin, and mannitol-salt agar with cefoxitin (MSA-CFOX) for the isolation of methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA). The sensitivities and specificities were 97.3% and 99.8%, 82.9% and 99.1%, 80.2% and 79%, and 99.1% and 84.8%, respectively. MSA-CFOX and MRSA
Select
had a high sensitivity. MRSA
Select
, however, was more specific and proved to be a more reliable and rapid medium for the detection of MRSA.
Detection of Six Copies of the Capsulation b Locus in aHaemophilus influenzaeType b Strain Isolated from a Splenectomized Patient with Fulminant Septic Shock
Authors: Cerquetti Marina , Cardines Rita , Giufrè Maria , Castella Annalisa , Rebora Monica , Mastrantonio Paola , Ciofi degli Atti Marta Luisa 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACTWe report on the first detection of six copies of the capsulation b locus in aHaemophilus influenzaetype b strain isolated from a splenectomized patient with fulminant septic shock associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation and death. The unusual amplification of the locus might have contributed to the rare and severe clinical presentation.
Etiologic Diagnosis of Adult Bacterial Pneumonia by Culture and PCR Applied to Respiratory Tract Samples
Authors: Strålin Kristoffer , Törnqvist Eva , Kaltoft Margit Staum , Olcén Per , Holmberg Hans 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT

Respiratory culture and multiplex PCR for
Streptococcus pneumoniae
,
Haemophilus influenzae
,
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
, and
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
were applied to sputum, nasopharyngeal swabs, and nasopharyngeal aspirates from 235 adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia and 113 controls. Both culture and multiplex PCR performed well with the different samples and appear to be useful as diagnostic tools.
Urosepsis with
Actinobaculum schaalii
and
Aerococcusurinae
Authors: Sturm P. D. J. , Van Eijk J. , Veltman S. , Meuleman E. , Schülin T. 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT

Actinobaculum
was isolated from urine only after prolonged incubation in 5%
CO
2
after discrepancy between urine Gram stain and initial
culture results was observed. Additional patients were diagnosed using
this method. The prevalence of
Actinobaculum
species in
urinary tract infections is underestimated since it is not isolated by
routine urine culture procedures.
Treatment Failure Resulting from Resistance of
Staphylococcus aureus
to Daptomycin
Authors: Skiest Daniel J. 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT

Daptomycin, a new cyclic lipopeptide, was recently approved for the treatment of infections by gram-positive organisms, including infections with methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA). A patient infected with infected with MRSA developed resistance to daptomycin after prolonged exposure, which resulted in clinical failure. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of daptomycin resistance and should consider routine testing for daptomycin susceptibility.
Endocarditis Caused by
Cardiobacterium valvarum
Authors: Bothelo Elisabeth , Gouriet Frédérique , Fournier Pierre-Edouard , Roux Véronique , Habib Gilbert , Thuny Franck , Metras Dominique , Raoult Didier , Casalta Jean-Paul 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT

A fastidious, gram-negative bacterium was isolated from the blood of a 51-year-old man who had acute infectious endocarditis (IE). Characterization of the organism through phenotypic and genotypic analyses revealed the causative role of
Cardiobacterium valvarum
. This is the third reported case of IE caused by
C. valvarum
.
Group O Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection That Escaped Detection in Two Immmunoassays
Authors: Zouhair Said , Roussin-Bretagne Sylvie , Moreau Alain , Brunet Sylvie , Laperche Syria , Maniez Michèle , Barin Francis , Harzic Martine 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACT
We report a case of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group O infection not detected by two highly sensitive immunoassays. The sera were strongly reactive to the V3 peptide of group O but not to the gp41 immunodominant epitope. Gp41 was sequenced, confirming that this virus belonged to group O.
Neonatal Mortality in Puppies Due to Bacteremia byStreptococcus dysgalactiaesubsp.dysgalactiae
Authors: Vela Ana I. , Falsen Enevold , Simarro Isabel , Rollan Eduardo , Collins Matthew D. , Domínguez Lucas , Fernandez-Garayzabal Jose F. 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACTWe report a case of bacteremia in puppies caused byStreptococcus dysgalactiaesubsp.dysgalactiae.Identification was achieved by phenotypic and molecular genetic methods. This is the first report of the recovery ofS. dysgalactiaesubsp.dysgalactiaefrom dogs.
A Comparison of Family Functioning, Life and Marital Satisfaction, and Mental Health of Women in Polygamous and Monogamous Marriages
Authors: Al-Krenawi Alean , Graham John R. 
Published: February 2006

Background: A considerable body of research concludes that the polygamous family structure has an impact on children's and wives’ psychological, social and family functioning. Aims: The present study is among the first to consider within the same ethnoracial community such essential factors as family functioning, life satisfaction, marital satisfaction and mental health functioning among women who are in polygamous marriages and women who are in monogamous marriages. Method: A sample of 352 Bedouin-Arab women participated in this study: 235 (67%) were in a monogamous marriage and 117 (33%) were in a polygamous marriage. Results: Findings reveal differences between women in polygamous and monogamous marriages. Women in polygamous marriages showed significantly higher psychological distress, and higher levels of somatisation, phobia and other psychological problems. They also had significantly more problems in family functioning, marital relationships and life satisfaction. Conclusion: The article calls on public policy and social service personnel to increase public awareness of the significance of polygamous family structures for women's wellbeing.
Ethnicity Versus Migration: Two Hypotheses about the Psychosocial Adjustment of Immigrant Adolescents
Authors: Slonim-Nevo Vered , Sharaga Yana , Mirsky Julia , Petrovsky Vadim , Borodenko Marina 
Published: February 2006

Study background and aims: This study investigates the psychosocial adjustment of immigrant adolescents and examines two hypotheses: the ethnicity hypothesis, which suggests that ethnic background determines the psychosocial reactions of immigrant adolescents; and the migration hypothesis, which suggests that the migration experience determines such reactions. Methods: The study compared four groups of respondents: first-generation immigrants ( N = 63) and second-generation immigrants ( N = 64) from the former Soviet Union (FSU) in Israel; and Jewish ( N = 212) and non-Jewis ( N = 184) adolescents in the FSU. A self-report questionnaire administered to the respondents collected demographic, educational and psychological data using standardised scales. Results: Immigrant adolescents reported higher psychological distress, lower self-esteem and higher alchohol consumption than non-immigrant adolescents. Second-generation immigrants generally showed a higher level of functioning than first-generation immigrants. These findings favor the migration hypothesis. Conclusions: Our findings support the widely accepted view of migration as a potentially distress-provoking experience. They suggest that psychological reactions of immigrant adolescents, and in fact all immigrants, are best interpreted as reactive and are related to the universal stressful qualities of the migration experience. Further multiethnic comparative studies, however, are needed to confirm and refine these findings.
Living Arrangements of Individuals with Schizophrenia in Japan: Impact of Community-Based Mental Health Services
Authors: Oshima Iwao , Kuno Eri 
Published: February 2006

Aims: In Japan psychiatric hospitals and family play the predominant roles in caring for people with serious mental illness. This study explored how the introduction of community-based care has changed this situation by examining living arrangements of individuals with schizophrenia who were treated in one of the most progressive systems in Japan (Kawasaki) compared with national norms. Methods: The proportion of clients with schizophrenia in the community versus hospital and living arrangements for those in the community were compared between the Kawasaki and national treated population, using data from the Kawasaki psychiatric service users survey in 1993 and two national surveys in 1993 and 1983. The variation in living arrangements was examined across five different age cohorts. Results: The estimated national population was 36.7, which was similar to 32.7 clients per 10,000 population in Kawasaki. Some 71% of the Kawasaki clients were treated in the community compared with 55% nationally. The difference between the Kawasaki and national populations was the largest among clients aged 40 to 59. The Kawasaki community clients had a higher proportion of clients living alone. Conclusions: The community mental health services available in Kawasaki appeared to reduce hospitalisation and help clients to live alone in the community.
Recovery from Depression: A Two-Year Follow-Up Study of General Population Subjects
Authors: Viinamäki Heimo , Tanskanen Antti , Honkalampi Kirsi , Koivumaa-Honkanen Heli , Antikainen Risto , Haatainen Kaisa , Hintikka Jukka 
Published: February 2006

Background: The recovery from depression and factors associated with it are not well known in the general population. Aims: To conduct a two-year follow-up of general population subjects and investigate their recovery from depression. Methods: Individuals who were assessed as suffering from depression on the basis of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores were monitored for two years. Results: Sixty-five per cent were still depressed after two years of follow-up. Negative life events had occurred more often in those who had remained depressed than in the others. Logistic regression analysis revealed that a high initial BDI score and a worsening of a subject's economic situation during the follow-up period were associated with failure to recover. Lack of use of health services was associated with non-recovery. Conclusion: Depression may be more chronic in the general population than previously has been thought.