bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On Some Aspects of the Procedural Status of an Interpreter in Civil Proceedings
Authors: Semenova I. D. 
Published: February 2025

Aim. To determine the legal status of subjects (its shortcomings) promoting justice (in particular, of a translator/interpreter) in the context of constantly changing legislation on civil proceedings and to propose measures aimed at eliminating these shortcomings.Methodology. To achieve the stated goal, general scientific and special methods of cognition were used as a methodological basis, including primarily the analysis and synthesis, analogy, comparative legal and systemic functional methods.Results. The study makes it possible to state the need to recognize a translator/interpreter in civil proceedings as a person with special knowledge and to make appropriate adjustments to codified sources.Research implications. The procedural and legal specifics of the participation of an interpreter/translator in Russian civil proceedings are revealed. The role of an interpreter/translator in protecting the rights and legitimate interests of citizens in civil proceedings are determined, and it is made possible to identify patterns of law enforcement activities in this area.
Subject and Limits of the Prosecutor’s Criminalistic Thinking in Pre-Trial Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Isaenko V. N. 
Published: February 2025

Aim. Assessment of the content, orientation and significance of the criminalistic thinking of the prosecutor participating in pre-trial criminal proceedings.Methodology. The key research method was the content analysis of Russian legislation and the point of view of criminologists regarding the definition of the concept, essence and content of criminalistic thinking in solving problems. arising in the process of solving and investigating a crime. Comparative legal and logical-legal methods were used. as well as the method of system analysis.Results. The author’s position on the criminalistic thinking of a prosecutor participating in criminal proceedings as a necessary component of his professional intelligence is substantiated. The author’s definition of the concept of criminalistic thinking of a prosecutor is formulated, the scope, directions and goals of its use in pre-trial criminal proceedings in modern legal conditions are characterized, the stages of its formation, the importance of generalization, analysis, and use of relevant positive experience in prosecutorial practice are considered.Research implications. Theoretically justified the use of forensic capabilities in prosecutorial supervisory activities. The relevance, practical significance of the prosecutor’s forensic thinking in ensuring proper efficiency of supervision in pre-trial criminal proceedings, the need to expand the limits of its use by establishing in the law a wider range of supervisory powers of the prosecutor at this stage of the criminal process have been proven.
Response of Soil Applied Urea and Foliar Applied Nano Urea on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Kharif Sesame (Sesamum indicum) under the Central Plain Agro-climatic Zone of Punjab
Authors: Singh Surya Dev , Patil Sushant Sukumar , Jadhav Dhanshree Bharat , Birunagi S.M. , Karmakar K. , Saini N. , Hari Avani 
Published: February 2025

Background: In context of oilseeds like Sesamum nitrogen is an important major or primary nutrient which is essential specifically for plant height, dry matter accumulation plant-1, development of pod and seed. Deficiency of Nitrogen in sesame results in lower vegetative growth, yield and dry matter partitioning. Along with this it also increase the photosynthetic rate and total chlorophyll content and application of nitrogen fertilizers through nano urea increases nitrogen use efficiency. Nano Urea is low cost technology and required in small quantities. Nano urea produces less hazardous effect on environment. It will also help in decreasing the amount of greenhouse gasses production and their release into the atmosphere. Even though the several research works are already available on effect of foliar spray in Sesame, scope of spray nano urea with different nitrogen levels in Sesame enabled us to take up this experiment. Methods: The present field experiment was carried out during Kharif season of 2022 at Agronomy Research Fields, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab. Nitrogen is applied to sesame through soil as mineral nitrogen and foliar spray. The data pertaining to growth characteristics, yield characteristics, gross monetary returns and net monetary returns of sesame (kharif) was collected at regular interval in 2022-23 which was analyzed statistically in SPD (Split Plot Design) with 12 treatment combinations replicated thrice. Result: Significantly higher plant height (cm), no. of functional leaves plant-1, stem girth (cm) and dry matter accumulation (g plant -1) were registered with application F3 -100% RDN through soil application of mineral nitrogen to sesame over rest of treatments at 40 DAS, 60 DAS, 80 DAS and at harvest. Among the foliar application of nano-urea to sesame, treatment F4- 25% N recorded significantly higher plant height (cm), no. of functional leaves plant-1, stem girth (cm) and dry matter accumulation (g plant -1) over lower levels of treatments and found at with treatment F3-20% N at 40 DAS, 60 DAS, 80 DAS and at harvest.However at harvest higher number of dry capsules plant-1, number of seeds capsules-1, seed yield (q ha-1), straw yield (q ha-1) and oil content (%) were obtained by F3 -100% RDN through soil application of mineral nitrogen to sesame over all other treatments to sesame. Foliar application of F4 - 25% N and F3- 20% N to Sesame both being at par with each other and registered significantly higher number of dry capsules plant-1, number of seeds capsules-1, seed yield (q ha-1), straw yield (q ha-1) and oil content (%) over remaining levels of foliar applications of nano urea.
Potensi Ekonomi Prospektif Kobalt (Co) Sebagai Mineral Ikutan dalam Penambangan Bijih Nikel di Kecamatan Langgikima Kabupaten Konawe Utara
Authors: Nafiu Wd Rizky Awaliah , Anshari Erwin , Passaly Thegar Aditya 
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini mengkaji potensi nilai ekonomi kobalt sebagai mineral ikutan pada pertambangan bijih nikel di Kecamatan Langgikima, Kabupaten Konawe Utara, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Kabupaten ini dikenal sebagai salah satu penghasil bijih nikel terbesar di Indonesia dengan kobalt (Co) yang ditemukan sebagai mineral ikuran yang sering ditemukan bersama bijih nikel. Kobalt memiliki nilai strategis dalam industri modern, khususnya baterai lithium-ion, yang penting dalam kendaraan listrik dan perangkat elektronik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan mengumpulkan data sekunder dari perusahaan pertambangan dan literatur terkait. Analisis dilakukan untuk memperkirakan kandungan kobalt dalam sumber daya bijih nikel yang teridentifikasi dan menghitung potensi nilai ekonominya berdasarkan harga pasar kobalt saat ini. Analisis dilakukan untuk memperkirakan kandungan kobalt dalam sumber daya bijih nikel yang teridentifikasi dan menghitung potensi nilai ekonominya berdasarkan harga pasar kobalt saat ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di lokasi penelitian mempunyai potensi kandungan kobalt dengan perkiraan sumber daya sebesar 643.580,85 ton dan cadangan diperkirakan sebesar 382.360 ton. Analisis prospektif nilai ekonomi kobalt sebagai mineral ikutan dari sumber daya dan cadangan menunjukkan potensi ekonomi dengan nilai masing-masing sekitar 16,8 miliar USD dan 10,01 miliar USD. Penelitian ini juga memberikan landasan untuk mengembangkan strategi pengelolaan yang berkelanjutan dan optimal atas potensi kobalt sebagai aset mineral ikutan dalam industri pertambangan bijih nikel.
Peluang Reformulasi Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat
Authors: Samudra Lintang Akbar 
Published: February 2025

Berdasarkan Undang-undang (UU) Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat telah diatur bagaimana persaingan usaha yang sehat. Dalam perkembangannya antara tahun 2021 – 2022 terdapat persaingan usaha yang tidak sehat terhadap minyak goreng berupa membatasi peredaran dan atau penjualan barang dan atau jasa pada pasar bersangkutan sebagaimana sebagaimana Putusan Perkara Nomor: 15/KPPU-I/2022. Terdapat permasalahan yang mendasar pada undang-undang a quo khususnya terhadap batasan kewenangan Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU) untuk melakukan penyelidikan dugaan praktek monopoli dan/atau persaingan usaha tidak sehat serta ketidakjelasan ketentuan jenis-jenis tindak pidana yang dapat diberikan kepada pelaku usaha ketika hukum administrasi atau perdata kurang efektif. Berdasarkan latar belakang hal tersebut, pada penelitian ini kemudian menghasilkan 2 (dua) rumusan masalah, yaitu bagaimana implikasi penegakan hukum pidana berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 5 tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktek Monopol dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat, dan bagaimana aturan hukum yang ideal demi mewujudkan keadilan dalam penegakan hukum pidana persaingan usaha. Penelitian ini berjenis penelitian yuridis-normatif dengan mengkaji data-data sekunder melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, Undang-undang Nomor 5 tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktek Monopol dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat terbatas mengatur ketentuan pidana jika pelaku usaha tidak melaksanakan Putusan Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU) sebagaimana Pasal 44 ayat (4), lebih lanjut tidak terdapat ketentuan siapakah yang berhak melakukan penyelidikan atas pelanggaran tindak pidana pada Pasal 48 dan Pasal 49, serta terhadap Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU) tidak memiliki norma pengaturan untuk melakukan penyelidikan. Oleh karena itu dirasa perlu untuk dilakukan pembaharuan hukum Undang-undang Nomor 5 tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktek Monopol dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat yang mengakomodir keseluruhan permasalahan tersebut maupun mempertimbangkan aspek pertanggungjawaban pidana terhadap korporasi.
Tuning NO coverage promotes ampere-level electrosynthesis of a nylon-6 precursor
Authors: Zhang Bin , Wu Yongmeng , Liu Xinyu , Yang Rong , Cheng Chuanqi , Song Ziyang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The electrocatalytic synthesis of cyclohexanone oxime from NO and cyclohexanone with high Faradaic efficiency at ampere-level current density is highly desirable but highly challenging. Here, theoretical calculations reveal that NO coverage on the Ag catalyst plays a critical role in cyclohexanone oxime electrosynthesis. We then adjust the local NO concentration experimentally by tuning the NO concentration and reaction rate. We find that low NO coverage benefits NH3 formation, whereas high coverage delivers cyclohexanone oxime and N-2 (N2O and N2) products. A mechanistic study indicates that with increasing NO coverage, the active sites transfer from bridge step sites to hollow terrace sites, which results in weaker adsorption of O* species, leading to the stable existence of the NH2OH* intermediate rather than decomposing to form NH₃. However, N‒N coupling also easily occurs at high NO coverage. This mechanistic understanding further inspires us to develop a doping strategy to break the equivalent catalyst surface sites, which can inhibit NO–NO coupling at high NO coverage and thus realize high cyclohexanone oxime Faradaic efficiency at high current density. A Ru-doped Ag catalyst is thus developed, realizing 86% cyclohexanone oxime Faradaic efficiency at a current density of 1.0 A cm− 2, far exceeding the reported performance.
The multiple sclerosis associated CD226 risk variant alters vitamin D-induced human type I regulatory T cell differentiation by impairing LFA-1 activation
Authors: Astier Anne , Kari Saniya , Debonlier Aymeline , Angles Thibault , Chaves Beatriz , Grosjean Charles , Bucciarelli Florence , Duplan-Eche Valerie , Nozeran Lucie , Lavery Jessica , Morandi Elena , Pignolet Beatrice , Mimpen Max , Smolders Joost , Liblau Roland , Saoudi Abdelhadi , Damoiseaux Jan , Masson Frederick , Dupré Loïc 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), resulting from an intricate interplay between genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Vitamin D (VD) deficiency is one of the established risk factors for MS. CD46 costimulation of CD4+ T cells induces a switch from Th1 to type I regulatory cells (Tr1), characterized by increased IL-10 production. This switch is impaired in MS T cells but can be restored by VD, which also strongly promotes expression of CD226 on CD46-activated T cells. The rs763361 polymorphism in the CD226 gene, resulting in a non-synonymous Gly307Ser variant, is associated with increased risk for MS. Herein, we show that expression of this CD226 risk allele disrupts the ability of CD46-activated T cells to operate the IFNγ/IL-10 switch upon VD exposure. Mechanistically, the risk variant impairs activation of the integrin LFA-1, which sustains homotypic adhesion associated with acquisition of the Tr1 phenotype. LFA-1-mediated Tr1 differentiation is also impaired in MS T cells expressing the CD226 risk allele upon CD46 and VD stimulation. Our study unveils how, in the context of MS susceptibility, a genetic polymorphism and an environmental factor act in concert to control the differentiation of Tr1 cells.
Semi-extensive shift-splitting preconditioner for indefinite least squares problem
Authors: Meng Lingsheng , Xin Kailiang , Li Peizhe 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

We present a semi-extensive shift-splitting preconditioner for a class of large and sparse indefinite least squares problem. The preconditioner is derived from an unconditionally convergent iterative method. Additionally, theoretical analysis proves that all eigenvalues of the preconditioned matrix are located in the positive interval $(0, 2)$. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the semi-extensive shift-splitting preconditioner significantly outperforms existing preconditioners in terms of both algorithm running time and number of iterations.
2000 MSC: 65F10, 65F15
The Effect of Pre-trip Virtual Reality and Smart Devices on Accessible Tourism Experiences
Authors: Chan Chung-Shing , Wong Shing Yan , Agapito Dora , Tam Veleda 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

This study aims to identify the contribution of a pre-visit virtual reality (VR) experience and the use of smart devices (SDs) on accessible tourism by understanding their role in enhancing the experiences of visitors with reported hearing loss in Yim Tin Tsai Island, a rural tourism destination in Hong Kong. A total of 163 participants, including volunteers reporting various degrees of hearing impairment (HI) and without reported disabilities, were invited to the island for a self-guided visit. The participants were randomly assigned into four groups of prescribed experimental conditions characterized by whether a VR experience was administered before the visit and whether the use of SDs was allowed during the visit. Focus group discussions were conducted after each visit to understand the challenges faced by participants during the visit, solutions to overcome them, and their perceptions of the application of VR and SD. The results suggest that while the VR experience and SD use offer some benefits in enhancing participants’ tourism experience both practically and emotionally, visitors with hearing loss do not perceive them to be particularly helpful in resolving perceived barriers encountered and heightening their experiences on the island. Recommendations on the design of VR and the role of SDs for rural tourism experiences for all are proposed and discussed.
A Comprehensive Review of Machine Learning Techniques for Detecting Fraud in Banking and Payment Services
Authors: Kumari Sushmita , Kumar Kamlesh , Gaurav Ashutosh 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

In the era of the digital world, Fraud detection in financial services has become a significant area of research because of the rising complexity of financial transactions and the advanced nature of fraudulent activities due to the enormous number of online transactions through various modes. Machine learning approaches have gained popularity in tackling these issues because of their proficiency in analyzing extensive data and detecting minor patterns suggestive of fraudulent behavior instantly through real-time analytics. This paper provides a thorough review of the use of machine learning for fraud detection in Banking and Payment services. In this paper, we will discuss the area of fraud focusing on Banking and Payment Services. We also proposed the framework of the reviewed paper that comprises 3 stages, in the first stage we formulate the research question and in the second stage we define the methodology of the research that describes the Data source, inclusion, and exclusion criteria of the present study. In the third stage, we provide an in-depth analysis of existing literature related to fraud Detection in the Financial domain. The existing literature survey indicates that supervised and unsupervised learning algorithms are the most commonly used methods for detecting fraudulent transactions. Each algorithm was evaluated in reviewed papers in terms of suitability for different types of fraud scenarios and through the various accuracy measure metrics like precision, recall, F-Score, etc. Our findings reveal that Naïve Bayes, KNN, Deep Learning, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, ANN,XGBoost AdaBoost models are used to detect fraud in Payment System Ensemble approaches that combine multiple algorithms are also highlighted as effective strategies for enhancing detection performance. Finally, the review concludes with suggested future research directions and emerging trends in fraud detection, such as the rapid increase in wallet payments. We propose shifting focus toward making wallet payment systems more secure by developing robust and efficient algorithms.
Enriching Dyslexia Detection with Synthetic Data: A Comprehensive Study Featuring 50 Old Dyslexic Texts and 50 New Synthetic Variants
Authors: Fink Nora , Fink Michael 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Early and accurate detection of dyslexia can dramatically impact how educational interventions are planned, enabling more effective assistance for individuals with reading and writing challenges (1). However, developing robust machine learning (ML) solutions for dyslexia detection requires a large, diverse corpus of dyslexic texts—something that can be difficult to obtain due to privacy, logistical, and sheer rarity constraints (2). In this study, we utilize a novel approach by using a Large Language Model (LLM)—namely Gemini 2.0 Flash—to generate synthetic dyslexic texts from a small corpus of 50 real “old dyslexic” texts. These synthetic texts, created in both German (DE) and US English (US), serve to enrich training data and improve classification performance (3). We focus on three essential tasks: (i) discriminating 50 normal (non-dyslexic) texts from 50 old dyslexic texts, (ii) discriminating 50 normal texts from 50 new synthetic dyslexic texts, and (iii) discriminating 50 old dyslexic texts from 50 new synthetic ones (4). Each classification scenario is examined through both supervised CatBoost classifiers and unsupervised clustering (K-Means, HDBSCAN). Our results show that while some tasks are straightforward (e.g., normal vs. synthetic dys), others such as distinguishing old dys from newly generated dys are more challenging, indicating that synthetic samples share numerous stylistic features with authentic dyslexic writing (5). This paper combines empirical analysis, data visualization, confusion matrix evaluation, and in-depth discussion of ML-based text classification strategies. In sum, we observe that LLM-based synthetic text generation can provide a valuable supplement to real-world data, supporting both research and potential real-world system deployments. Furthermore, the confusion matrices and F1-scores displayed in Figures 1–4 serve as an evidence-based narrative illustrating the strengths and limitations of synthetic data augmentation in dyslexia classification (6).
CCASL: Counterexamples to Comparative Analysis of Scientific Literature - Application to Polymers
Authors: TCHAGOUE Aymar , EGLIN Véronique , PRUVOST Sébastien , PETIT Jean-Marc , DUCHET-RUMEAU Jannick , GERARD Jean-Francois 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The exponential growth of scientific publications has made the exploration and comparative analysis of scientific literature increasingly complex and difficult.For instance, eliciting two scientific publications that diverge on widely accepted concepts within their domain turns out to be more and more difficult despite its great interest.We are interested in the automatic detection of these discrepancies using the latest artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. Given a particular scientific domain, we focus on large-scale analysis of the tables present in related scientific publications and propose to capture domain knowledge with arbitrary functions.In this setting, we propose a five-step method, called CCASL: (1) Modeling the domain knowledge with functions expressed as approximate functional dependencies (FDs), (2) Acquiring a corpus of scientific documents related to the proposed functions, (3) Analysing all tables occurring in the PDF documents and producing a consolidated table from them, (4) Detecting counterexamples of the FDs in the consolidated table, and (5) Conducting a comparative analysis of the pairs of papers containing the detected counterexamples. We have applied CCASL to a subfield of polymer research, known as Epoxy-Amine networks (EA). In collaboration with material scientists, we have identified an intuitive function \(f_{EA}\) that relates the storage modulus \((SM)\), the structure of the polymer \((V_{EA})\), and its glass transition temperature \((T_g)\). Based on this function, we have implemented all the 5 steps of CCASL. First results show that CCASL is proving to be a powerful approach for bibliographic confrontation in the field of polymers.
Engineering Geological Characterization of Proposed Sabaloka Dam Site
Authors: Hassan Mohmmed 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The Sabaloka dam is located at the Sabaloka igneous complex on the sixth cataract of the Nile, proposed for multi-purposes, mainly for hydro-power generation and irrigation in addition to help in minimizing the siltation for the Merwe dam to the north. Moreover, it will represent an excellent habitant for fisheries in the lake behind the dam.
The study relied on field tests, well data, and analysis, in addition to the structural analysis of fractures in the examined site.
Observing the results of drilling, the three boreholes are usually identical in lithology, where silt sands and conglomerates appear, but there is some difference in the depth of aggregation, in addition to the difference in the designation of rock quality (RQD), which decreases in borehole 403 in the left channel, due to the existence of Two sets of joints across the dextral fault.
The proposed dam axis is located in the relatively less fractured Agglomeratic rocks. The main fracture trends are NW and NE directions and cut, respectively, the western and eastern flanks of the dam axis.