bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of follicle size, FSH‐enriched maturation medium, and early cleavage on bovine oocyte maternal mRNA levels
Authors: Mourot Marina , Dufort Isabelle , Gravel Catherine , Algriany Omran , Dieleman Steph , Sirard Marc‐André 
Published: August 2006

AbstractTranscription is arrested in the bovine oocyte within the first few hours of in vitro maturation, thus the stored maternal mRNAs accumulated in the oocyte are essential to sustain development until the Maternal‐Zygotic Transition. In vivo matured oocytes have superior blastocyst formation rates than in vitro matured oocytes, suggesting that the mRNA content of these oocytes is of higher quality. To determine which transcripts may be associated with developmental competence, a Suppressive Subtractive Hybridization was performed between oocytes collected by ovariectomy at 6 hr post‐LH surge and oocytes from slaughterhouse collected after 6 hr of maturation, resulting in a library enriched in these functionally important mRNAs. The clones were spotted onto a cDNA microarray and transcripts potentially associated with developmental competence were hybridized onto these slides. Hybridizations were performed with transcripts up‐regulated in oocytes cultured for 6 hr in the presence or absence of rFSH in vitro, and secondly with transcripts up regulated in early‐cleaving embryos versus those at the one‐cell stage at 36 hr postfertilization. From these hybridizations, 13 candidates were selected. Their functional association with embryonic competence was validated by measuring their relative transcript levels by quantitative real‐time PCR in eight different conditions: oocytes cultured with or without rFSH, early—versus late‐cleaving embryos, and oocytes from different follicle sizes (1–3, 3–5, 5–8, and >8 mm of diameter). The gene candidates CCNB2, PTTG1, H2A, CKS1, PSMB2, SKIIP, CDC5L, RGS16, and PRDX1 showed a significant quantitative association with competence compared to BMP15, GDF9, CCNB1, and STK6. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 73: 1367–1379, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Long‐term cryopreserved amniocytes retain proliferative capacity and differentiate to ectodermal and mesodermal derivatives in vitro
Authors: Woodbury D. , Kramer B.C. , Reynolds K. , Marcus A.J. , Coyne T.M. , Black I.B. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractPutative stem cells have recently been isolated from several extra‐embryonic tissues, including Wharton's Jelly and umbilical cord blood. Relevant studies have focused on primary cultures established from freshly isolated tissues. In this report, we examine the plasticity of 472 cells, a cryopreserved human amniocyte cell line originally isolated in 1974. Under conditions conducive for proliferation, the amniocytes displayed fibroblast‐like morphologies and expressed Oct4 and Rex1, genes associated with pluripotency. Perhaps indicative of inherent plasticity, 472 cells simultaneously expressed ectodermal β‐III‐tubulin and mesodermal fibronectin. When cultured under conditions that promote neural differentiation, the cells adopted neuronal morphologies and expressed neuronal genes, including Gap‐43, NF‐M, tau, and synaptophysin. Exposure to culture conditions that encourage osteogenic differentiation resulted in increased expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the deposition of mineralized matrix, established markers of bone cell differentiation. In sum, this population of human amniocytes appears to be multipotent, capable of in vitro differentiation to ectodermal and mesodermal cell types. Retention of this plasticity through decades of cryopreservation suggests that amniocytes might be candidates for future cell‐based therapies. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 73: 1463–1472, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of fertilization antigen (FA‐1) DNA vaccine on fertility of female mice
Authors: Naz Rajesh K. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractVaccination of female mice with recombinant fertilization antigen (FA‐1) causes a long‐term reversible contraceptive effect. Also, a DNA vaccine based upon a dodecamer sequence YLP12 present in sperm causes a reduction in fertility. In the present study, the effects of FA‐1 DNA vaccine alone, and FA‐1 and YLP12 DNA vaccines together were examined. FA‐1 495‐bp DNA was cloned into pVAX1 vector to prepare the DNA vaccine. Four groups of female mice were immunized intradermally by using a gene gun with FA‐1 DNA, FA‐1 DNA + YLP12 DNA, FA‐1 DNA + YLP12 DNA mixed with exogenous synthetic CpG oliogodeoxynucleotide (ODN), or vector DNA alone, respectively. Vaccination with all three formulations caused a significant reduction in fertility, with FA‐1 DNA + YLP12 DNA mixed with exogenous synthetic CpG ODN showing the highest reduction. Vaccination with all three formulations raised antibody response in both the sera as well as locally in the vaginal tract, with ODN mixed group demonstrating the highest titers. There was no antibody response in the mice injected with the vector alone. In sera, the highest titers were obtained for the IgG class for all vaccine formulations followed by the IgA class. In vaginal washing, the highest titers were obtained by the IgA class followed by the IgG class. Within the IgG class, the titers for the IgG2a subclass were significantly greater than the IgG1 subclass. The immunocontraceptive effects were long‐lasting over 1 year of the observation period and increased with time. These novel findings indicate that the intradermal immunization with a sperm‐specific FA‐1 DNA vaccine causes a long‐term circulating and local immune response resulting in immunocontraceptive effects in female mice. The anti‐fertility effects were enhanced when FA‐1 DNA vaccine was combined with YLP12 DNA vaccine and injected with ODN. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 73: 1473–1479, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stable transmission and transcription of newfoundland ocean pout type III fish antifreeze protein (AFP) gene in transgenic mice and hypothermic storage of transgenic ovary and testis
Authors: Bagis Haydar , Aktoprakligil Digdem , Mercan Hande Odaman , Yurdusev Nevzat , Turgut Gazi , Sekmen Sakir , Arat Sezen , Cetin Seyfettin 
Published: August 2006

AbstractHere we describe the generation of transgenic mice carrying type III fish antifreeze protein (AFP) gene and evaluate whether AFP type III protects transgenic mouse ovaries and testes from hypothermic storage. AFPs exist in many different organisms. In fish, AFPs protect the host from freezing at temperatures below the colligative freezing point by adsorbing to the surface of nucleating ice crystals and inhibiting their growth. The transgenic expression of AFP holds great promise for conferring freeze‐resistant plant and animal species. AFP also exhibits a potential for the cryopreservation of tissues and cells. In this study, we have generated 42 founder mice harboring the Newfoundland ocean pout (OP5A) type III AFP transgene and established one transgenic line (the line #6). This study demonstrated that AFP gene construct has been stably transmitted to the mouse progeny in the F3 generations in the line #6. Furthermore, the presence of AFP transcripts was confirmed by RT‐PCR analysis on cDNAs from liver, kidney, ovarian, and testis tissues of the mouse from F3 generation in this line. These results indicate that ocean pout type III AFP gene could be integrated and transmitted to the next generation and stably transcribed in transgenic mice. In histological analysis of testis and ovarian tissues of nontransgenic control and AFP transgenic mice it has been shown that both tissues of AFP transgenic mice were protected from hypothermic storage (+4°C). The AFP III transgenic mice obtained for the first time in this study would be useful for investigating the biological functions of AFP in mammalian systems and also its potential role in cryopreservation. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 73: 1404–1411, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detrimental effects of BOLD signal in arterial spin labeling fMRI at high field strength
Authors: Lu Hanzhang , Donahue Manus J. , van Zijl Peter C.M. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractArterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI is a useful technique for noninvasive measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in humans. High field strength provides a unique advantage for ASL because of longer blood T1 relaxation times, making this technique a promising quantitative approach for functional brain mapping. However, higher magnetic field also introduces new challenges. Here it is shown that the CBF response determined using ASL functional MRI (fMRI) at 3.0 T contains significant contamination from blood‐oxygenation‐level‐dependent (BOLD) effects. Due to interleaved acquisitions of label and control images, difference in blood oxygenation status between these two scans can cause incomplete cancellation of the static signal upon image subtraction, resulting in a BOLD‐related artifact in the estimated CBF hemodynamics. If not accounted for, such an effect can complicate the interpretation of the ASL results, e.g., causing a delayed onset and offset of the response, or inducing an artifactual poststimulus undershoot. The BOLD contribution also decreases the sensitivity of ASL‐based fMRI. Correction methods are proposed to reduce the artifact, giving increased number of activated voxels (18 ± 5%, P = 0.006) and more accurate estimation of CBF temporal characteristics. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Three‐dimensional MRI with an undersampled spherical shells trajectory
Authors: Shu Yunhong , Riederer Stephen J. , Bernstein Matt A. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe shells trajectory is a 3D data acquisition method with improved efficiency compared to Cartesian sampling. It is a true center‐out trajectory that does not repeatedly resample the center of k‐space, and also offers advantages for motion correction. This work demonstrates that k‐space undersampling can be combined with the shells trajectory to further accelerate the acquisition. The undersampling was implemented by removing selected interleaves from shells with larger radii. Because only the outer portion of k‐space was undersampled, the artifacts introduced were of low energy and high spatial frequency. The undersampling rate was determined by a Kaiser window with a variable shape parameter β. Various undersampling schemes with different β values were examined. Phantom and volunteer studies demonstrate that when up to a twofold acceleration is achieved, only minor artifacts are introduced by undersampling the shells trajectory. For a fixed acquisition time, the improved efficiency can be used to increase spatial resolution. Magn Reson Med 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spatial domain method for the design of RF pulses in multicoil parallel excitation
Authors: Grissom William , Yip Chun‐yu , Zhang Zhenghui , Stenger V. Andrew , Fessler Jeffrey A. , Noll Douglas C. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractParallel excitation has been introduced as a means of accelerating multidimensional, spatially‐selective excitation using multiple transmit coils, each driven by a unique RF pulse. Previous approaches to RF pulse design in parallel excitation were either formulated in the frequency domain or restricted to echo‐planar trajectories, or both. This paper presents an approach that is formulated as a quadratic optimization problem in the spatial domain and allows the use of arbitrary k‐space trajectories. Compared to frequency domain approaches, the new design method has some important advantages. It allows for the specification of a region of interest (ROI), which improves excitation accuracy at high speedup factors. It allows for magnetic field inhomogeneity compensation during excitation. Regularization may be used to control integrated and peak pulse power. The effects of Bloch equation nonlinearity on the large‐tip‐angle excitation error of RF pulses designed with the method are investigated, and the utility of Tikhonov regularization in mitigating this error is demonstrated. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rapid 3D‐T1ρ mapping of the knee joint at 3.0T with parallel imaging
Authors: Pakin S. Kubilay , Xu Jian , Schweitzer Mark E. , Regatte Ravinder R. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThree‐dimensional spin‐lattice relaxation time in the rotating frame (3D‐T1ρ) with parallel imaging at 3.0T was implemented on a whole‐body clinical scanner. A 3D gradient‐echo sequence with a self‐compensating spin‐lock pulse cluster was combined with generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisitions (GRAPPA) to acquire T1ρ‐weighted images. 3D‐T1ρ maps of an agarose phantom and three healthy subjects were constructed using an eight‐channel phased‐array coil without parallel imaging and with parallel imaging acceleration factors of 2 and 3, in order to assess the reproducibility of the method. The coefficient of variation (CV) of the median T1ρ of the agarose phantom was 0.44%, which shows excellent reproducibility. The reproducibility of in vivo 3D‐T1ρ maps was also investigated in three healthy subjects. The CV of the median T1ρ of the patellar cartilage varied between ∼1.1% and 4.3%. Similarly, the CV varied between ∼2.1–5.8%, ∼1.4–8.7%, and ∼1.5–4.1% for the biceps femoris and lateral and medial gastrocnemius muscles, respectively. The preliminary results demonstrate that 3D‐T1ρ maps can be constructed with good reproducibility using parallel imaging. 3D‐T1ρ with parallel imaging capability is an important clinical tool for reducing both the total acquisition time and RF energy deposition at 3T. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Shear wave group velocity inversion in MR elastography of human skeletal muscle
Authors: Papazoglou Sebastian , Rump Jens , Braun Jürgen , Sack Ingolf 
Published: August 2006

AbstractIn vivo quantification of the anisotropic shear elasticity of soft tissue is an appealing objective of elastography techniques because elastic anisotropy can potentially provide specific information about structural alterations in diseased tissue. Here a method is introduced and applied to MR elastography (MRE) of skeletal muscle. With this method one can elucidate anisotropy by means of two shear moduli (one parallel and one perpendicular to the muscle fiber direction). The technique is based on group velocity inversion applied to bulk shear waves, which is achieved by an automatic analysis of wave‐phase gradients on a spatiotemporal scale. The shear moduli are then accessed by analyzing the directional dependence of the shear wave speed using analytic expressions of group velocities in k‐space, which are numerically mapped to real space. The method is demonstrated by MRE experiments on the biceps muscle of five volunteers, resulting in 5.5 ± 0.9 kPa and 29.3 ± 6.2 kPa (P < 0.05) for the medians of the perpendicular and parallel shear moduli, respectively. The proposed technique combines fast steady‐state free precession (SSFP) MRE experiments and fully automated processing of anisotropic wave data, and is thus an interesting MRI modality for aiding clinical diagnosis. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Abnormalities of CSF flow patterns in the cerebral aqueduct in treatment‐resistant late‐life depression: A potential biomarker of microvascular angiopathy
Authors: Naish Josephine H. , Baldwin Robert C. , Patankar Tufail , Jeffries Suzanne , Burns Alistair S. , Taylor Christopher J. , Waterton John C. , Jackson Alan 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThere is growing evidence that microvascular angiopathy (MVA) plays an important role in the development of dementia and affective disorders in older people. At currently available image resolutions it is not possible to image directly the vascular changes associated with MVA, but the effects on blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow may be detectable. The aim of this study was to investigate a potential biomarker for MVA based on MRI of abnormalities in CSF flow. Since there is considerable indirect evidence that treatment resistance in late‐onset depressive disorder is related to MVA, we assessed the method in a group of 22 normal volunteers and 29 patients with responsive (N = 21) or treatment‐resistant (N = 8) late‐onset depressive disorder. Single‐slice quantified phase‐contrast (PC) images of cerebral blood and CSF flow were collected at 15 points over a cardiac cycle, and the resulting flow curves were parameterized. Significant differences in the CSF flow (width of systolic flow peak and diastolic flow volume, both P < 0.01) through the cerebral aqueduct were observed for the group of treatment‐resistant patients when compared to age matched controls. No significant difference was observed for a group of 21 patients with treatment‐responsive depression. The findings support the hypothesis that MR measurement of CSF flow abnormalities provides a biomarker of MVA, and thus could have application in a wide range of age‐related diseases. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Excitation UNFOLD (XUNFOLD) to improve the temporal resolution of multishot tailored RF pulses
Authors: Stenger V. Andrew , Giurgi Marius S. , Boada Fernando E. , Noll Douglas C. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractAn extension of the “UNaliasing by Fourier encoding the Overlaps using the temporaL Dimension” (UNFOLD) method to the excitation domain (XUNFOLD) is presented to improve the temporal resolution of multishot tailored RF (TRF) pulses. Multishot three‐dimensional TRF pulses were designed to produce a time series of images with periodically aliased excitation profiles. The XUNFOLD method is shown to remove the excitation profile aliasing from the dynamic imaging data by filtering in the temporal frequency dimension. The technique is demonstrated to improve the temporal resolution of simulated functional MRI (fMRI) activation in a time series of brain images. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Global and regional reproducibility of T2 relaxation time measurements in human patellar cartilage
Authors: Glaser C. , Mendlik T. , Dinges J. , Weber J. , Stahl R. , Trumm C. , Reiser M. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractSeven T2 maps (multiecho (ME) sequence: 3000 ms, eight echoes with 13.2 ms of echo spacing, 20 sections) and T1‐weighted (T1‐w) fast low‐angle shot (FLASH‐water excitation (WE)) data sets from four imaging sessions (right patellae of 10 healthy volunteers) were obtained. A segmentation of cartilage (WE sequence) was overlaid on the ME data and T2 values were calculated for total cartilage, three layers, three facets (global), and 240 ROIs (regional). Reproducibility (precision error) was calculated as the root mean square average (RMSA) of the individual coefficients of variation (COVs, %) and standard deviations (SDs, ms) for intra‐ and intersession reproducibility. The precision error was 3–7% and 6–29% for global and regional T2, respectively. There was no difference between intra‐ and intersession reproducibility, but there was worse reproducibility in the superficial layers compared to the deeper layers. Peripheral ROI reproducibility (mean = 13%) was worse than in the central portions (mean = 11%), but omission of the periphery did not positively affect the globally calculated T2 reproducibility. The precision errors were small compared to reported changes in diseased cartilage, suggesting good discriminatory power of the technique. Our data provide a first estimate of global and regional reproducibility errors of T2 in healthy cartilage, and may serve as a basis for sample size calculations and aid study designs for longitudinal and cross‐sectional trials in osteoarthritis (OA). Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effect of tamoxifen on bladder functions and histology, and the role of estrogen receptor β in a rat chemical cystitis model
Authors: Acar Deniz , Çayan Selahittin , Aktaş Savaş , Tek Mesut , Akbay Erdem 
Published: August 2006

AbstractAimsThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of tamoxifen citrate on bladder functions and histology, and also to investigate the role of estrogen receptor β (ER β) in a rat chemical cystitis model.MethodsThe study included 37 female Sprague–Dawley rats. Chemical cystitis was induced by intravesical instillation of hydrochloric acid in 32 rats, and the treatment group (n = 15) received daily 0.4 mg/kg of tamoxifen citrate with orogastric tube, and the control group (n = 17) received no treatment. The sham group consisted of five rats having no acid instillation and no treatment. Cystometric studies were performed in all rats at the beginning and end of the experiment. The rats were euthanized at 2 months. The bladders were removed and examined histologically for mast cells, inflammatory cells, and ER β.ResultsThe mean maximal bladder volume increased by 73.6% ± 25.2 in the treatment group and decreased by 7.2% ± 10.8 in the control group, revealing a significant difference (P = 0.007). The mean bladder compliance increased by 81.2% ± 25.2 in the treatment group and decreased by 4.8% ± 12.7 in the control group, revealing a significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.005). ER β positive cells were significantly lower in the bladders with chronic cystitis than in the sham group (P = 0.038).ConclusionsTamoxifen citrate may be an alternative choice, as easy, to other treatment options in the treatment of chronic inflammatory condition to improve deteriorated bladder function. In addition, ER β may have a role on chronic bladder inflammation in a rat chemical cystitis model. Neurourol. Urodynam. 26:309–316, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The tension free vaginal tape operation for women with mixed incontinence: Do preoperative variables predict the outcome?
Authors: Kulseng‐Hanssen Sigurd , Husby Henrik , Schiotz Hjalmar A. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractAimsThe aims of our study were (1) to investigate subjective and objective outcomes after tension free vaginal tape (TVT) operations in mixed incontinent women, (2) to detect if preoperative subjective and objective variables predict the outcome, and (3) to evaluate whether the surgical outcome is different for women who preoperatively find stress incontinence, urge incontinence, or urge and stress incontinence equally the predominant bother.MethodsA prospective cohort study was performed on 450 mixed incontinent women. A short‐form disease‐specific validated questionnaire, 24‐hr pad test, standardized stress test, residual urine, and maximum urinary flow were used before and after a TVT operation. “Cure” was defined as a condition where the women were very satisfied with the TVT operation and had negative stress‐ and 24 hr pad tests.ResultsPreoperatively 69% had stress incontinence, 7% urge incontinence, and 24% urge and stress incontinence equally as the predominant bother. Cure rates were 80%, 52%, and 60%, respectively, in these groups. Postoperatively 43% of the women had no urge incontinence, while 49% were less, and only 8% were more bothered by urge incontinence. A higher preoperative urge incontinence index was correlated with significantly higher postoperative bother for all indices and leakage during 24‐hr pad test.ConclusionsMixed incontinent women with predominant stress incontinence had a better cure rate than those with predominant urge incontinence and those who were equally bothered by urge and stress incontinence. This point needs to be addressed when informing mixed incontinent women before a TVT operation. Neurourol. Urodynam. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.