bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zn++ inhibits both tumor necrosis factor‐mediated DNA fragmentation and cytolysis
Authors: Flieger Dimitri , Riethmüller Gert , Ziegler‐Heitbrock H. W. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cellular events involved in direct tumor‐cell destruction by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) are still incompletely understood, but a role of endonucleases has been suggested. In the present study we have analyzed in detail the effect of Zn++, an inhibitor of endonucleases, on TNF‐mediated DNA‐fragmentation and on cytolysis in Actinomycin‐D‐pre‐treated WEH1164‐S cells. Beginning 2 hr after addition of TNF, a rapid degradation of cellular DNA is observed, as evidenced by release of 3H‐Thymidine (TdR) label from nuclei into cytoplasm. TNF‐mediated lysis of WEH1164‐S cells begins at 3 hr and reaches plateau levels at 7 hr. Addition of Zn++ to TNF‐treated WEH1164 cells completely abrogates DNA fragmentation at 1mM. Of greater importance is the fact that Zn++treatment also completely blocks TNF‐mediated cytolysis of the target cells. Concentrations between 0.1 and I mM ZnSO4prevent cell death, as assessed by chromium‐release and Trypan blue dye exclusion. In addition, ZnCI2, but not other divalent cations like CaCI2, MgSO4 and CuSO4 in the same concentration range, prevents cell death as well, demonstrating that the effect in fact is mediated by Zn++. Zn++ added 2 hr after TNF treatment, still effectively inhibits cell lysis, indicating that it acts at a late stage after binding of TNF to its receptor. Our data suggest that activation of endonucleases is not an accompanying effect but an essential step in TNF‐mediated tumor‐cell destruction.
Sterically hindered analogues of diacylglycerols. synthesis, binding to the phorbol ester receptor and metabolism in a549 human lung carcinoma cells
Authors: Laughton Charles A. , Bradshaw Tracey D. , Gescher Andreas 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe 5 following compounds were synthesized in order to investigate the relationship between structure and ability of glyceride‐type molecules to bind to the phorbol ester receptor: one dioctanoyl cyclohexane‐1,2,4‐triol, 2 isomeric methyl analogues of 1,2‐dioctanoyl‐sn‐glycerol (diC8), one dimethyl and one cyclohexyl analogue of diC8. Their ability to compete with 3H‐labelled phorbol‐12,13‐dibutyrate ([3H]PDBu) for specific binding sites in intact A549 human‐derived lung carcinoma cells and in a cytosolic cell extract was compared with that of diC8 and l2‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA). The affinity of diC8 for the phorbol ester receptor was much weaker than that of TPA. The analogues in turn were less able than diC8 to compete with [3H]PDBu for receptor sites. Like diC8 and unlike TPA, the synthesized compounds inhibited cell growth only at those concentrations at which cytotoxicity was also apparent. DiC8 and its methyl and dimethyl derivates, but not the cyclohexyl derivative or the cyclohexanetriol diester, were metabolically removed from cellular incubates as measured by gas liquid chromatography. The results suggest that the binding of glyceride‐type molecules to the phorbol ester receptor exhibits stringent specificity and that the design of novel potent agonists of phorbol esters might require the placement of the molecular features of diacyiglycerols important for biological activity into a molecular framework which is more complicated than glycerol.
Effect of immunization on HTLV‐I infection in rabbits
Authors: Takehara N. , Iwahara Y. , Uemura Y. , Sawada T. , Ohtsuki Y. , Iwai H. , Hoshino H. , Miyoshi I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo groups of 3 rabbits, each immunized with heat‐inactivated HTLV‐I or a synthetic env peptide (env175‐l96), developed antibodies to viral proteins including gp68 and gp46. These immunized rabbits were then challenged with a transfusion of blood from HTLV‐I‐infected rabbits of the opposite sex. After transfusion challenge, antibody titers further rose in both groups and antibodies to HTLV‐I proteins p24 and p 19 newly appeared in the env 175‐196 group. In addition, 3 more rabbits were infused with hyperimmune rabbit anti‐HTLV‐I IgG and similarly challenged with virus‐infected blood. Pre‐challenge sera from these rabbits showed high anti‐HTLV‐I titers with antibodies to envelope and core proteins. Despite transfusion challenge, the antibody titers gradually declined to undetectable levels in all 3 rabbits over a period of 16 weeks. Virus isolation was attempted from peripheral lymphocytes harvested 1 to 6 months after challenge infection and cultured in the presence of interleukin‐2 (IL‐2). HTLV‐I‐carrying lymphoid cell lines of recipient origin were established from all 6 rabbits given active immunization, whereas HTLV‐I could not be isolated from any of the 3 rabbits given passive immunization. Absence of virus infection in the latter group was confirmed by negative blood transfusion assay to normal rabbits. These results indicate that hyperimmune IgG, but neither heat‐inactivated HTLV‐I nor env 175‐196, were protective against HTLV‐I infection induced by blood transfusion.
Plasmacytoma induction in radiochimeras
Authors: Silva Santiago , Babonits Magda , Wiener Francis , Klein George 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have induced plasmacytomas (MPC) in BALB/c radio‐chimeras (RCh) repopulated with syngeneic hemopoietic cells carrying distinctive chromosomal markers. A group of 38 RCh that received 0.5 ml pristane, followed by Abelson virus infection 2‐3 weeks later, developed 7 tumors (18.5%) of donor origin after a relatively short latency period (X = 83 ± 8.3 days). In contrast, only 3 (2%) MPCs were observed in 149 RChs that received 0.5 ml pristane 3 times at monthly intervals. Two of them originated from host cells. Pristane‐treated RChs developed a less extensive oil granuloma (OG), compared with pristane‐treated intact mice. This may explain the low incidence of MPC in the former. Our findings also suggest that Abelson virus can overcome the postulated deficiency of OG. MPC induction in the pristane + Abelson‐virus‐treated RCh system will facilitate the further characterization of the MPC precursor cell and the localization of genetic resistance vs. susceptibility factors at the donor vs. host level.
Reduced cell adhesion to fibronectin and laminin is associated with altered glycosylation of β1, integrins in a weakly metastatic glycosylation mutant
Authors: Öz Orhan K. , Campbell Allyson , Tao Tien‐Wen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA weakly metastatic wheat‐germ‐agglutinin‐resistant mutant Wa4‐b I was previously shown to be less adherent to endothelial cell extracellular matrix than the more metastatic parental B‐16 melanoma cells. This report describes reduced adhesion and spreading of Wa4‐bI cells on the cell‐binding domain of fibronectin (CBD) and laminin (LN). Cell surface receptors which mediate such interactions are members of the integrin family of membrane glycoproteins. An antibody that recognizes the 3, integrin subunit inhibited spreading on both the CBD and LN. The integrins of the mutant cells immunoprecipitated by the antibody appeared to be structurally altered, showing a greater electrophoretic mobility. The mobility difference between the parent and the mutant receptors was abolished following removal of the glycan moieties of the receptors enzymatically using glycopeptidase F, or chemically using trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, suggesting that the structural alteration of the mutant receptors is in glycosylation. The altered receptors may be responsible for the observed decrease in cell adhesion and spreading of the mutant cells to the CBD and LN. Such a decrease in Wa4‐bI cell interaction with extracellular matrix components may play a role in their decreased metastatic potential.
Relative tumorigenicities of hybrid cells with and without hsr‐bearing chromosomes from a human melanoma cell line
Authors: Hough Margaret R. , White Bradley N. , Holden Jeanette J. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSome cell types within the human melanoma cell line MeWo contain homogeneously staining regions (HSRs) consisting of repetitive DNA sequences and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes derived from chromosome 15. To further examine the association between enhanced tumorigenicity and the presence of HSR‐bearing chromosomes, hybrid cell lines were constructed by fusing X‐HSR‐containing MeWo cells with ouabain‐resistant, HPRT‐deficient Chinese hamster ovary cells and culturing in HAT medium containing ouabain. A hybrid containing the X‐HSR chromosome and several MeWo chromosomes was more tumorigenic in BALB/c nude mice than derivative cells lacking the X‐HSR and human chromosome 18. However, since this enhanced tumorigenicity could be due to sequences on either the X‐HSR or chromosome 18, a second series of hybrids was constructed by micro‐cell fusion. In this case, the tumorigenicity of hybrid cells containing 2 copies of the X‐HSR as the only MeWo chromosome was similar to that of derivative cells lacking these chromosomes. Cytogenetic analysis revealed that the nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) on the HSR were inactive in the hybrid cells. Our data indicate that DNA sequences amplified on MeWo HSRs do not enhance tumorigenicity under experimental conditions in which rRNA genes are not expressed. As the only active NORs in MeWo HSR‐containing cells are on the HSRs, we suggest that expression of these amplified rRNA genes is responsible for the selective growth advantage of these cell types in nude mice. Our data also indicate that the enhanced tumorigenicity of MeWo HSR‐containing cells is not due to co‐amplification of a dominant oncogene.
Molecular cloning and characterization of endogenous SV40 dna from human HBL‐100 cells
Authors: Saint‐Ruf C. , Nardeux P. , Cebiuan J. , Lacasa M. , Lavialle C. , Cassingena R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe human HBL‐100 cell line harbours SV40 DNA integrated in tandem at a unique site. The SV40 T‐antigen expressed in these cells is defective in a function essential to the replication of the viral genome. The integrated SV40 sequences were molecularly cloned in a bacteriophage, and a subclone (plasmid pSVHBI) containing a complete SV40 DNA was isolated. As compared to SV40 wild‐type strain 776, sequence analysis of pSVHBI early region revealed the presence of several DNA alterations. Among these, a point mutation at position 3199, predicting a change at amino‐acid 540 of arginine to isoleucine, was shown by marker rescue to be responsible for the deficiency of T‐antigen. This novel mutation further delimits one of the T‐antigen domains involved in SV40 DNA replication. Transfection experiments demonstrated that the transforming activity of the SV40 genome from HBL‐100 cells is still preserved. Moreover, several transformed human cell clones thus obtained could be permanently established in culture.
Seroepidemiologic survey for antibodies to human retroviruses in human and non‐human primates in Brazil
Authors: Andrada‐Serpa Maria José , Tosswill Jennifer , Schor Doris , Linhares Denise , Dobbin Jane , Pereira Marguerite S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe prevalence of antibodies to HTLV‐I and HIV‐I in Brazil was determined by testing sera from: (a) 119 members of an isolated Amazonian community of African origin; (b) 100 voluntary blood donors in Rio de Janeiro; (c) 215 patients treated at the Hematology Service, National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, and (d) 44 Cebus apella New World monkeys, wild‐caught in Amazonia. Anti‐HTLV‐I was detected in I (0.84%) of 119 Amazonians, in 8 (3.72%) of the 215 patients and in none of the blood donors or monkeys. The high prevalence found in patients included 4 (5.79%) of 69 with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma, 2 (5.88%) of 34 with Hodgkin lymphoma, I (16.66%) of 6 patients with diagnosis of anemia and I (20%) of 5 with HIV‐I infection. Anti‐HIV‐l was found in 7 (14.89%) of 47 patients and in none of the other groups. The high incidence of HTLV‐I infection in the patient group suggests that this retrovirus is endemic in parts of Brazil.
Expression of TGF‐β and procollagen type I and type III in human gastric carcinomas
Authors: Yoshida Kazuhiro , Yokozaki Hiroshi , Niimoto Minoru , Ito Hisao , Ito Masanori , Tahara Eiichi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo elucidate the difference between scirrhous and non‐scirrhous gastric carcinomas, we examined the expressions of TGF‐β, procollagen type I and type III in 7 gastric carcinoma cell lines and 37 gastric carcinoma tissues, and also examined the effect of TGF‐β on the expression of procollagen mRNA by TMK‐I cells. TGF‐β mRNA was detected in all the tumors examined in vivo and in vitro. Interestingly, 9 (90%) of 10 scirrhous gastric carcinomas revealed higher levels of TGF‐β mRNA than normal tissues, while 8 (38%) of 21 well‐differentiated adenocarcinomas had higher TGF‐β mRNA levels than normal tissues. As for procollagen mRNA, most of the human gastric carcinoma cell lines expressed type‐l procollagen mRNA and MKN‐I expressed type‐Ill procollagen mRNA. Furthermore, procollagen type‐l mRNA accumulation in TMK‐I cells was increased by exogenous TGF‐β. Most of the tumor tissues from surgical specimens expressed higher procollagen mRNA than normal tissues. These results indicate that TGF‐β produced by carcinoma cells might stimulate collagen synthesis not only by fibroblasts but also by carcinoma cells themselves, leading to diffuse fibrosis of scirrhous gastric carcinomas.
Histologic types of breast carcinoma in relation to international variation and breast cancer risk factors
Authors: Stalsberg H. , Thomas D. B. , Noonan E. A. ,   The Who Collaborative Study of Neoplasia and Steroid Contraceptives, Berry G. , Maclennan R. , Shearman R. , Jelihovsky T. , Booth J. Cooper , Molina R. , Martinez L. , Salas O. , Dabancens A. , Zhiheng Chen , Yun Tao , Wei Hu Yong , Cuadros A. , Aristizabal N. , Ebeling K. , Nishan P. , Kunde D. , Modan B. , Ron E. , Alfandary E. , Mati J. G. , Kenya P. , Kungu A. , Gatei D. , Cuevas H. Rodriguez , Salazar S. Benavides , Palet A. , Ontiveros P. , Apelo R. A. , De Cruz J. R. La , Baens J. , Javier B. , Silpisornkosol Suporn , Pardthaisong Tieng , Martin Nimit , Theetranont Choti , Boosiri Banpot , Chutivongse Supawat , Virutamasen Pramuan , Wongsrichanalai Chansuda , Jimakorn Prasarn , Koetsawang Suporn , Rachawat Daungdao , Chantarakul Nivat , Holck S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAssociations between breast cancer risk factors and histologic types of invasive breast carcinoma were studied in 2,728 patients. Lobular and tubular carcinomas occurred with increased relative frequency in most high‐risk groups. The proportion of these types increased with age to a maximum at 45–49 years and decreased in the following decade. Significantly increased proportions of lobular and tubular carcinomas were also associated with high‐risk countries, prior benign breast biopsy, bilateral breast cancer, concurrent mammary dysplasia, high age at first live birth, never‐pregnant patients compared to those with a first live birth before age 20, private pay status, and length of education. Nonsignificant increases were associated with family history of breast cancer, less than 5 live births, less than 25 months total of breast feeding, use of oral contraceptives or IUD, and high occupational class. As a general trend, the higher the overall relative risk, the higher the proportion of lobular and tubular carcinomas. The occurrence of other histologic types also increased with increased breast cancer risk, but to a smaller degree than for lobular/tubular carcinomas. It is suggested that all hormonally related, socio‐economic and geographic risk factors exert their effect by selectively increasing the number of lobular cells at risk. Family history of breast cancer and age over 49 years did not follow the general trend of parallel increases in the proportion of lobular/tubular carcinomas and breast cancer risk, and may operate through other mechanisms.
Colorectal carcinoma in Hong Kong Chinese. A pathological survey of 1,117 cases, 1972–1981
Authors: Collins Robert John , Chan Chi‐Wing 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHong Kong Chinese, when compared with the world population, have an intermediate incidence rate for colorectal carcinoma. The purpose of this retrospective analysis of a large number of colorectal carcinomas (1,117 cases) was to explore possible differences between this series and others, and to re‐examine the divergent features reported in a smaller series. The present study revealed a distribution by age, sex, site and Dukes' stage, as well as histopathological features, which were analogous to those reported from other countries. Thus, while the incidence is lower in this group, the other manifestations of the disease are very similar to those seen elsewhere. The implication is that, apart from varying incidence, there is a global similarity among colorectal tumours.
Familial susceptibility to breast cancer: A complex inheritance
Authors: Andrieu Nadine , Clavel Françoise , Demenais Florence 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe main results of segregation analysis aimed at identifying a major genetic factor involved in susceptibility to breast cancer are reviewed. They show that the existence of a single major gene is not sufficient to explain the distributions of the disease observed in the families concerned and suggest that the genetic inheritance involved is heterogeneous and complex. Heterogeneity has been explored in various studies according to epidemiological criteria. From these analyses, genetically homogeneous subgroups emerged (for instance families with breast cancer only or with affected males). The study of such homogeneous subgroups might help to better locate the susceptibility gene(s) on the chromosome map by analysis of genetic linkage using different markers. The results of segregation analysis depend on how epidemiological factors are taken into account. It is of major importance that epidemiological data on the proband (i.e., the individual prompting selection of a family) as well as on the members of his/her family are taken into consideration to improve understanding of the complexity of breast cancer transmission.
Generation of a recombinant mouse‐human chimaeric monoclonal antibody directed against human carcinoembryonic antigen
Authors: Hardman Norman , Gill L. Lee , de Winter Ronald F. J. , Wagner Kathrin , Hollis Melvyn , Businger Felix , Ammaturo Domenico , Buchegger Franz , Mach Jean‐Pierre , Heusser Christoph 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA procedure was devised for the identification and specific cloning of functionally rearranged variable region immunoglobulin (Ig) gene segments from genomic DNA of a murine hybridoma cell line which produces a high‐affinity monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The cloned, functionally‐rearranged murine Ig H‐chain and L‐chain variable region gene segments were incorporated into plasmid vectors capable of directing the expression of a chimaeric mouse‐human antibody molecule with human (Y4,K) constant region sequences. Expression plasmids were transfected into a mouse myeloma cell line by electro‐poration and transfectomas secreting functional chimaeric antibody selected. Chimaeric antibody generated by transfectomas was analysed and shown to compete effectively with its murine counterpart for binding to the CEA epitope, and to have an equivalent antigen‐binding affinity. This anti‐CEA recombinant antibody should find application in in vivodiagnosis by immunoscintigraphy of human colonic carcinoma, and possibly also in therapy of the disease, overcoming some of the difficulties associated with the repeated use of non‐human immunoglobulins in human patients.
HMFG1 antigen: A new marker for carcinomatous meningitis
Authors: Moseley R. P. , Oge K. , Shafqat S. , Moseley C. M. , Sullivan N. M. , Badley R. A. , Burchell J. , Taylor‐Papadimitriou J. , Coakham H. B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCarcinomatous meningitis is a devastating metastatic complication of systemic carcinoma, which may occur insidiously, accompanied by a confusing spectrum of clinical symptoms and signs. In the absence of reliable diagnostic tumour markers, the diagnosis is established by the demonstration of malignant cells within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Cytological techniques requiring skillful interpretation are occasionally negative in the presence of established disease, and when positive may indicate leptomeningeal malignancy of such advanced nature that effective palliation is difficult. Biochemical tumour marker technology offers the potential of reliable diagnosis in early disease states, prior to the appearance of exfoliated malignant cells. In a series of 100 patients, we assayed for an epithelial associated glycoprotein (HMFGI antigen) in CSF obtained at lumbar puncture. In 18 of 20 patients with carcinomatous meningitis, this high‐molecular‐weight glycoprotein was detectable in the CSF. The antigen was also present in 2 patients with neoplastic meningitis complicating lymphoma and medulloblastoma, but was not detected in the CSF of the remaining 78 patients.
Early and late stages of foreign‐body carcinogenesis can be induced by implants of different shapes
Authors: Moizhess T. G. , Vasiliev J. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImplanted foreign bodies of certain shapes, especially large non‐perforated polymer films, induce subcutaneous sarcomas in a high percentage of mice and rats; in contrast, implants of other shapes, e.g., perforated or minced films or Millipore filters with 0.45 μm pores, are non‐carcinogenic or only weakly carcinogenic. Experiments described in this report have shown that when carcinogenic non‐perforated film was removed at 3.5 months after implantation and one of the “non‐carcinogenic” foreign bodies listed above was implanted into the same subcutaneous sites, a high percentage of sarcomas was induced. The same non‐carcinogenic or weakly carcinogenic foreign bodies implanted in the mice after total body γ irradiation or after single injection of ethylnitrosourea induced subcutaneous sarcomas in significantly higher percentages of animals than the same foreign bodies implanted in control mice. Our data suggest that foreign bodies of “non‐carcinogenic” or “weakly carcinogenic” shapes can act as efficient promoters of subcutaneous carcinogenesis initiated by other agents such as implanted “carcinogenic” foreign bodies, ionizing radiation or chemical carcinogen.
Antigen common to several species, recognized by a rat monoclonal antibody raised against syngeneic rat bladder tumor
Authors: Eto Hiroshi , Saya Hideyuki , Nakata Motomi , Mizoguchi Akira , Kamidono Sadao 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA rat monoclonal antibody (MAb) termed RS‐11 (Ig M) was obtained by syngeneic immunization with rat bladder tumor cells induced by N‐butyl, N‐hydroxybutylnitrosamine (BBN). immunocytochemical analysis showed that RS‐11 is also reactive with mouse, dog and human bladder tumor‐cell lines and some other human tumor‐cell lines but not myeloma or leukemia cells. Immunohistochemical examination of paraffin‐embedded tissues has shown that RS‐11 is reactive with mouse, rat, dog and human bladder tumors (5/5, 5/5, 1/1, 31/ 49) and some other tumors, but not with normal human uro‐thelium or normal rat tissues. The antigen is expressed on the majority of low‐grade or well‐differentiated tumors, but less on advanced, invasive tumors. The immunofluorescence staining pattern of cultured cells was cytoplasmic and filamentous. Immunoblotting revealed that the antigen is a Mr54,000 to Mr 56,000 protein which was extracted with difficulty from the cultured cells with Triton X‐100. The antigen was also detected in the culture supernatant by means of ELISA. Our results suggest that the epitope is expressed on cytoskeletons common to a wide variety of mammalian cells at a certain stage of differentiation.