bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive molecular and cellular characterization of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related key genes in renal ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Zhang Hao , Zheng Chaoyue , Xu Yue , Hu Xiaopeng 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundRenal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) is an inevitable complication in the process of kidney transplantation and lacks specific therapy. The study aims to determine the underlying mechanisms of RIRI to uncover a promising target for efficient renoprotection.MethodFour bulk RNA-seq datasets including 495 renal samples of pre- and post-reperfusion were collected from the GEO database. The machine learning algorithms were utilized to ascertain pivotal endoplasmic reticulum stress genes. Then, we incorporated correlation analysis and determined the interaction pathways of these key genes. Considering the heterogeneous nature of bulk-RNA analysis, the single-cell RNA-seq analysis was performed to investigate the mechanisms of key genes at the single-cell level. Besides, 4-PBA was applied to inhibit endoplasmic reticulum stress and hence validate the pathological role of these key genes in RIRI. Finally, three clinical datasets with transcriptomic profiles were used to assess the prognostic role of these key genes in renal allograft outcomes after RIRI.ResultsIn the bulk-RNA analysis, endoplasmic reticulum stress was identified as the top enriched pathway and three endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes (PPP1R15A, JUN, and ATF3) were ranked as top performers in both LASSO and Boruta analyses. The three genes were found to significantly interact with kidney injury-related pathways, including apoptosis, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and pyroptosis. For oxidative stress, these genes were more strongly related to oxidative markers compared with antioxidant markers. In single-cell transcriptome, the three genes were primarily upregulated in endothelium, distal convoluted tubule cells, and collecting duct principal cells among 12 cell types of renal tissues in RIRI. Furthermore, distal convoluted tubule cells and collecting duct principal cells exhibited pro-inflammatory status and the highest pyroptosis levels, suggesting their potential as main effectors of three key genes for mediating RIRI-associated injuries. Importantly, inhibition of these key genes using 4-phenyl butyric acid alleviated functional and histological damage in a mouse RIRI model. Finally, the three genes demonstrated highly prognostic value in predicting graft survival outcomes.ConclusionThe study identified three key endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes and demonstrated their prognostic value for graft survival, providing references for individualized clinical prevention and treatment of postoperative complications after renal transplantation.
Myofibroblasts reside in the middle dermis of the keloids but do not predict the response to injection therapies: a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Komulainen Tuomas , Daymond Patrik , Hietanen Kristiina E. , Kaartinen Ilkka S. , Järvinen Tero A. H. 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionKeloids form as a pathological response to skin wound healing, and their etiopathology is poorly understood. Myofibroblasts, which are cells transformed from normal fibroblasts, are believed to contribute to pathological scar formation in wounds.MethodsWe carried out a double-blinded randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing the efficacy of intralesional 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and triamcinolone (TAC) injections in treating keloids. A total of 43 patients with 50 keloids were treated with either intralesional TAC or 5-FU injections, and their clinical response was evaluated. Biopsies were collected before, during, and after injection therapy from the active border of a keloid. To understand the role of myofibroblasts in keloids, we conducted an immunohistochemical analysis to identify myofibroblasts [α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA)] from the biopsies. We first defined the three histologically distinct regions-superficial, middle, and deep dermis-in each keloid.ResultsWe then demonstrated that myofibroblasts almost exclusively exist in the middle dermis of the keloids as 80% of the cells in the middle dermis were αSMA positive. However, both the percentage of myofibroblasts as well as the area covered by them was substantially lower in the superficial and deep dermis than in the middle dermis of the keloids. Myofibroblasts do not predict the clinical response to intralesional injection therapies. There is no difference in the myofibroblast numbers in keloids or in the induced change in myofibroblasts between the responders and non-responders after treatment.DiscussionThis study demonstrates that myofibroblasts reside almost exclusively in the middle dermis layer of the keloids, but their numbers do not predict the clinical response to intralesional injection therapies in the RCT.
Correlations between cognitive reserve, gray matter, and cerebrospinal fluid volume in healthy elders and mild cognitive impairment patients
Authors: Zhou Liang , Yang Wenxia , Liu Yang , Li Jiachen , Zhao Mengmeng , Liu Guangyao , Zhang Jing 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of cognitive reserve (CR) on brain volume and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy elders (HE).Methods31 HE and 50 MCI patients were collected in this study to obtain structural MRI, cognitive function, and composite CR scores. Educational attainment, leisure time, and working activity ratings from two groups were used to generate cognitive reserve index questionnaire (CRIq) scores. The different volumes of brain regions and CSF were obtained using uAI research portal in both groups, which were taken as the regions of interest (ROI), the correlation analysis between ROIs and CRIq scores were conducted.ResultsThe scores of CRIq, CRIq-leisure time, and CRIq-education in HE group were significantly higher than patients in MCI group, and the montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and minimum mental state examination (MMSE) scores were positively correlated with the CRIq, CRIq-education in both groups, and were positively correlated with CRIq-leisure time in MCI group. The scores of auditory verbal learning test (AVLT) and verbal fluency test (VFT) were also positively correlated with CRIq, CRIq-leisure time, and CRIq-education in MCI group, but the score of AVLT was only positively correlated with CRIq in HE group. Moreover, in MCI group, the volume of the right middle cingulate cortex and the right parahippocampal gyrus were negatively correlated with the CRIq, and the volume of CSF, peripheral CSF, and third ventricle were positively correlated with the CRIq-leisure time score. The result of mediation analysis suggested that right parahippocampal gryus mediated the main effect of the relationship between CRIq and MoCA score in MCI group.ConclusionPeople with higher CR show better levels of cognitive function, and MCI patients with higher CR showed more severe volume atrophy of the right middle cingulate cortex and the right parahippocampal gyrus, but more CSF at a given level of global cognition.
Analysis of characteristics of movement disorders in patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis
Authors: Li Hongmei , Chen Jiajie , Zhou Pinyi , Meng Qiang 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveMovement disorders (MDs) are common in anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis but are poorly studied. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of MDs and the clinical differences between patients with and without MDs in anti-NMDAR encephalitis.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis who were first diagnosed and treated in the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province from January 2017 to September 2022. According to the presence or absence of MDs, all patients were divided into two groups, and the clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations, and prognosis of the two groups were compared. Patients in the MDs group were further subgrouped by different ages (&lt;12 years, 12–17 years, and ≥ 18 years) and genders, and the prevalence of each MD was compared in different age and gender groups.Results(1) In our study there were 64 patients, of whom 76.6% (49/64) presented with MDs; the median age of onset in patients with MDs was 21 (15,35) years and 65.3% (32/49) were female. The three most common MDs were orofacial dyskinesia (OFLD) (67.3%), dystonia (55.1%), and stereotypies (34.7%). Patients &lt;12 years were more likely to experience chorea than patients in other age groups (p = 0.003). (2) Compared with the non-MDs group, patients in the MDs group showed higher rates of prodromal manifestations, autonomic dysfunction, consciousness disorders, as well as pulmonary infection and gastrointestinal dysfunction (all p &lt; 0.05). Peripheral blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (p = 0.014), the proportion of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) NMDAR antibody titers ≥1:32 (p = 0.047), ICU admission rate (p = 0.04), length of stay (p = 0.007), maximum mRS score in the course of disease (p = 0.001) and mRS score at discharge (p = 0.006) in the MDs group were significantly higher than the non-MDs group.ConclusionMDs associated with anti-NMDAR encephalitis were predominantly hyperkinetic. Chorea occurred more commonly in patients aged &lt;12 years. Patients with MDs were prone to autonomic dysfunction, consciousness disorders, pulmonary infection, and gastrointestinal dysfunction; they had more intense inflammation, more severe disease, and a poorer short-term prognosis.
Effect of scapular stabilization exercises on subacromial pain (impingement) syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zhong Ziyi , Zang Wanli , Tang Ziyue , Pan Qiaodan , Yang Zhen , Chen Bin 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of scapular stabilization exercises (SSE) in the treatment of subacromial pain syndrome (SAPS).MethodsClinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on SSE in the treatment of SAPS were searched electronically in PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EBSCOhost, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Web of Science, and other databases from 2000 to 2022, supplemented by manual search. Final RCTs were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the study. A meta-analysis was conducted on data using the RevMan5.4 software.ResultsEight RCTs involving 387 participants were included. The meta-analysis showed that the experimental group (SSE) had greater improvements in the Visual Analog Scale score [Weighted Mean Difference (WMD) = −0.94, 95% CI (−1.23, −0.65), p &lt; 0.001] and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index score [WMD = −10.10, 95% CI (−18.87, −1.33), p = 0.02] than the control group (conventional physical therapy). However, range of motion (ROM) was not found to be greater in the experimental group than in the control group.ConclusionExisting evidence moderately supports the efficacy of SSE for reducing pain and improving function in SAPS, without significant improvement in ROM. Future research should focus on larger, high-quality, standardized protocols to better understand SSE’s effects across diverse SAPS populations, treatment, and outcome measures.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=307437, CRD42022307437.
A scoping review on muscle cramps and spasms in upper motor neuron disorder–two sides of the same coin?
Authors: Therkildsen Eva Rudjord , Kaster Pernille , Nielsen Jens Bo 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundMuscle cramps are typically regarded as benign muscle overactivity in healthy individuals, whereas spasms are linked to spasticity resulting from central motor lesions. However, their striking similarities made us hypothesize that cramping is an under-recognized and potentially misidentified aspect of spasticity.MethodsA systematic search on spasms and cramps in patients with Upper Motor Neuron Disorder (spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injury, and stroke) was carried out in Embase/Medline, aiming to describe the definitions, characteristics, and measures of spasms and cramps that are used in the scientific literature.ResultsThe search identified 4,202 studies, of which 253 were reviewed: 217 studies documented only muscle spasms, 7 studies reported only cramps, and 29 encompassed both. Most studies (n = 216) lacked explicit definitions for either term. One-half omitted any description and when present, the clinical resemblance was significant. Various methods quantified cramp/spasm frequency, with self-reports being the most common approach.ConclusionMuscle cramps and spasms probably represent related symptoms with a shared pathophysiological component. When considering future treatment strategies, it is important to recognize that part of the patient’s spasms may be attributed to cramps.
Chinese consumers’ psychology and behavior of the foods with nutrition claims based on AISAS model
Authors: Huang Zeying , Li Haijun , Huang Jiazhang 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveWe analyzed the impact of nutrition claims on Chinese consumer psychology and behavior process based on the theoretical framework of AISAS (Attention-Interest-Search-Action-Share) model.DesignTo adopt questionnaires to collect gender, age, income and other basic information of adult residents and a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) to collect data on residents’ attention to nutrition claims, interest in nutrition claims, search on nutrition claim information, purchasing behavior on food with nutrition claims, sharing information on food with nutrition claims. Then to study the relationship between the basic situation of residents and their attention, interest, search, food purchase behavior and sharing of nutrition claims by using exploratory factor analysis, reliability and validity test, structural equation modeling estimation and hypothesis testing.ParticipantsChinese adults.SettingMulti-stage stratified random sampling method was used to collect the valid online questionnaire of 630 Chinese adults from Central, North, East, South, Northwest, Southwest, and Northeast China.ResultsYounger adults and those with higher household incomes exhibited heightened attention to nutrition claims. Furthermore, consumers’ attention to nutrition claims could be transformed into food information sharing through interest, information search, and food purchase. Consumers’ interest in food with nutrition claims could be transformed directly into food purchase. Consumers’ search for related information could be directly transformed into food information sharing.ConclusionChinese consumers’ age and household income could be included in the AISAS model for the foods with nutrition claims, and the consumers’ action and share could transform from their interest and search.
Prediction of lymph node metastasis in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma based on dual-energy CT radiomics: focus on the features of lymph nodes with a short axis diameter ≥6 mm
Authors: You Yang , Wang Yan , Yu Xianbo , Gao Fengxiao , Li Min , Li Yang , Wang Xiangming , Jia Litao , Shi Gaofeng , Yang Li 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveTo explore the value of the features of lymph nodes (LNs) with a short-axis diameter ≥6 mm in predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM) in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) based on dual-energy CT (DECT) radiomics.Materials and methodsData of patients with GAC who underwent radical gastrectomy and LN dissection were retrospectively analyzed. To ensure the correspondence between imaging and pathology, metastatic LNs were only selected from patients with pN3, nonmetastatic LNs were selected from patients with pN0, and the short-axis diameters of the enrolled LNs were all ≥6 mm. The traditional features of LNs were recorded, including short-axis diameter, long-axis diameter, long-to-short-axis ratio, position, shape, density, edge, and the degree of enhancement; univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to establish a clinical model. Radiomics features at the maximum level of LNs were extracted in venous phase equivalent 120 kV linear fusion images and iodine maps. Intraclass correlation coefficients and the Boruta algorithm were used to screen significant features, and random forest was used to build a radiomics model. To construct a combined model, we included the traditional features with statistical significance in univariate analysis and radiomics scores (Rad-score) in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Receiver operating curve (ROC) curves and the DeLong test were used to evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of the models. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate the clinical benefits of the models.ResultsThis study included 114 metastatic LNs from 36 pN3 cases and 65 nonmetastatic LNs from 28 pN0 cases. The samples were divided into a training set (n=125) and a validation set (n=54) at a ratio of 7:3. Long-axis diameter and LN shape were independent predictors of LNM and were used to establish the clinical model; 27 screened radiomics features were used to build the radiomics model. LN shape and Rad-score were independent predictors of LNM and were used to construct the combined model. Both the radiomics model (area under the curve [AUC] of 0.986 and 0.984) and the combined model (AUC of 0.970 and 0.977) outperformed the clinical model (AUC of 0.772 and 0.820) in predicting LNM in both the training and validation sets. DCA showed superior clinical benefits from radiomics and combined models.ConclusionThe models based on DECT LN radiomics features or combined traditional features have high diagnostic performance in determining the nature of each LN with a short-axis diameter of ≥6 mm in advanced GAC.
Survey of knowledge, practice, and associated factors toward home management of childhood fever among parents visiting Gondar health facilities in 2022
Authors: Assimamaw Nega Tezera , Gonete Almaz Tefera , Terefe Bewuketu 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundFever is a typical symptom of many sicknesses, but for children under the age of five, fever can have devastating consequences and represents a source of worry for parents. To the best of our knowledge, no research on home management of fever in children has been conducted in Ethiopia. We aimed to assess knowledge, practices, and associated factors towards home management of childhood fever among parents visiting Gondar Town health facilities in 2022.MethodThis multicenter institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Gondar public health facilities from June 1st—June 30th, 2022. Participants were fathers and mothers of children aged 0–5 years. A stratified random sampling technique was used. Data were collected through face–to–face interviews using a pretested structured questionnaire.ResultsApproximately, 40.2% (95% CI: 35.5%, 45.2%) of parents had good knowledge and only 12.8% (95% CI: 9.7–15.8) of parents practiced home fever management. Being married [Adjusted odds ratio [(AOR) = 2.1 (1.2, 3.2)], having a primary or higher level of education [AOR = 2.4 (1.17, 4.9)] [AOR = 2.0 (1.02–4.6)], respectively, and number of children [AOR = 1.8 (1.63, 2.03)] were factors associated with parental knowledge. Likewise, being married [AOR = 3.05 (2.27.50–3.83)], receiving counseling from health care providers [AOR = 2.12 (1.53–3.32)], and being male [AOR = 2.03 (1.50–3.00)] were significant predictors of practice.ConclusionInadequate levels of knowledge and numerous irrational practices related to home fever management were predominant among parents, which needs to be addressed. Evidence-based health education is essential for parents to enhance their level of knowledge and practice to effectively treat fever at home.
Case Report: Ventricular preexcitation-induced dilated cardiomyopathy improved by the pharmacologic suppression of ventricular preexcitation in three infants, and literature review
Authors: Chencheng Dai , Min Zhong , Wanming Shi , Wen Shangguan , Baojing Guo , Yanyan Xiao , Ling Han , Deyong Long 
Published: March 2024

The therapy of ventricular preexcitation-induced dilated cardiomyopathy in very small infants or infants with a high risk of ablation is tough and related articles are rare. Effective pharmacotherapy to suppress ventricular preexcitation is valuable.AimsTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy for cardiac resynchronization in infants with ventricular preexcitation-induced dilated cardiomyopathy.Methods and resultsThree infants with ventricular preexcitation-induced dilated cardiomyopathy, due to the disappearance of ventricular preexcitation during the placement of catheter, intermittent WPW pattern, and right mid septal accessory pathway respectively, had received pharmacotherapy for cardiac resynchronization. The initial dosage of oral amiodarone was 5 mg/kg.d and it was followed by the maintenance dosage of 2–2.5 mg/kg.d 4 weeks later. Propafenone (15 mg/kg.d) served as a supplement since amiodarone was not adequate in case 3. The three infants achieved successful pharmacologic suppression of ventricular preexcitation 10, 6.5, and 4.5 weeks after the initiation of amiodarone respectively. They all got normalized contraction of interventricular septum and LVEF as well as reduced LVEDD gradually after the disappearance of ventricular preexcitation. No side effects associated with pharmacotherapy happened during the follow-up. Amiodarone had been withdrawn for 2 years and 5 months in Cases 1 and 2. They both remained free from ventricular preexcitation and retained normal LVEF and LVEDD.ConclusionsPharmacotherapy for cardiac resynchronization with oral amiodarone or in combination with propafenone for infants with ventricular preexcitation-induced dilated cardiomyopathy is effective and safe. Pharmacotherapy for cardiac resynchronization served as another therapeutic choice besides ablation.