bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simple approach to validation of directed‐flow nose‐only inhalation chambers
Authors: Pauluhn Jürgen , Thiel Achim 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDirected‐flow nose‐only exposure systems are designed and operated so that the genuine test atmosphere is dynamically delivered to each exposure port and exhaled air from exposed animals is immediately exhausted without the possibility of other animals rebreathing this atmosphere. This technique is particularly useful for preventing uncontrolled changes of exposure atmospheres, stimulating breathing activity due to the rebreathing of exhaled carbon dioxide, and the conserving a test material that is available only in limited quantities. The intricate relationship of the delivered flow of air at each exposure port relative to the respiratory minute volume of the exposed animal appears to be critical for the state‐of‐the‐art performance of directed‐flow nose‐only exposure systems. This analysis revealed that the determination of carbon dioxide concentrations at different inhalation chamber locations, including exposure ports, is a simple and cost‐effective procedure to evaluate whether the rebreathing of atmospheres can be excluded. It has been shown that directed‐flow systems need to be operated at an exposure air flow rate greater than 2.5 times the respiratory minute volume of the exposed animal or optimally ∼0.75 l min−1 per rat exposure port (∼3.75 times the minute volume of young adult rats) to prevent higher CO2‐concentrations occurring. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Probing rotation dynamics of biomolecules using polarization based fluorescence microscopy
Authors: Li Wei , Wang Yi , Shao Hanrong , He Yonghong , Ma Hui 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFluorescence polarization, particularly fluorescence anisotropy (FA) can be used to characterize the rotation dynamics and interactions of biomolecules. We report here fluorescence polarization microscopy based on a two‐photon fluorescence microscope. Two‐photon fluorescence excited by a linearly polarized fs laser beam was separated into components of parallel and perpendicular polarization and then recorded simultaneously by two detectors. From the images corresponding to different combinations of the polarization for the excitation and fluorescence photons, images of FA, or polarization difference, can be derived. It is demonstrated that FA microscopy is capable of probing rotational mobility of the fluorescent molecules and their interaction with the surroundings, but displays lower axial resolution than fluorescence intensity images. It is proved that the degraded axial resolution of FA imaging is intrinsic to the current experimental set‐up. Artifacts in FA imaging of aligned molecules are also discussed. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine structure of the male accessory glands of Triatoma rubrofasciata (De Geer, 1773) (Hemiptera, Triatominae)
Authors: Freitas Simone Patrícia Carneiro , Gonçalves Teresa Cristina Monte , Serrão José Eduardo , Santos‐Mallet Jacenir Reis 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMale of Triatoma rubrofasciata has four elongated sac‐like reproductive mesodermic accessory glands, lined by an inner single layer of secretory cells, with basal plasma membrane infolds and short apical microvilli, and externally enveloped by a thin visceral muscle layer. The secretory cells have a well‐developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, mitochondria, and secretory granules. In one day old adult the gland cells are poorly developed, presenting small, electron‐transparent secretory granules scattered among the rough endoplasmatic reticulum, whereas in three days old adult these cells have the cisternae of the rough endoplasmatic reticulum varing size degree, filled with granular electrondense content. In five days old males the secretory granules increase in diameter, being released to the gland lumen. Therefore, there is an increase of the secretory activity according to male maturation. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High speed method for in situ multispectral image registration
Authors: Perrine Kenneth A. , Lamarche Brian L. , Hopkins Derek F. , Budge Scott E. , Opresko Lee K. , Wiley H. Steven , Sowa Marianne B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHigh speed data registration is required for the study of fluorescence resonance energy transfer in real time as well as fast dynamic intra‐ and inter‐cellular signaling events. Multispectral confocal spinning disk microscopy provides a high resolution method for performing such real time live cell imaging. However, optical distortions and the physical misalignments introduced by the use of multiple acquisition cameras can obscure spatial information contained in the captured images. In this manuscript, we describe a multispectral method for real time image registration whereby the image from one camera is warped onto the image from a second camera via a polynomial correction. This method provides a real time pixel‐for‐pixel match between images obtained over physically distinct optical paths. Using an in situ calibration method, the polynomial is characterized by a set of coefficients, using a least squares solver. Error analysis demonstrates optimal performance results from the use of cubic polynomials. High‐speed evaluation of the warp is then performed through forward differencing with fixed‐point data types. Forward differencing is an iterative approach for evaluating polynomials on the condition that the function variable changes with constant steps. Image reconstruction errors are reduced through bilinear interpolation. The registration techniques described here allow for successful registration of multispectral images in real time (exceeding 15 frame/s) and have a broad applicability to imaging methods requiring pixel matching over multiple data channels. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Morphometric and Some Immunohistochemical Characteristics of Human Choroids Plexus Stroma and Psammoma Bodies
Authors: Jovanović Ivan , Ugrenović Sladjana , Antić Svetlana , Stefanović Natalija , Mihailović Dragan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPsammoma bodies (PBs) are one of many choroids plexus aging changes. The aim of our research was to perform the quantification of PBs' presence in human choroids plexus stroma, as well as to evaluate the characteristics of choroids plexus stroma in cases in which PBs were present. Afterwards, the observations of the histochemical analysis would be confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis. Choroid plexuses of 30 cadavers were used for the histochemical and, choroids plexuses of 15 cadavers in which PBs' presence was confirmed during the histochemical analysis, were used as material for the immunohistochemical analysis. Light microscopy, histochemical, immunohistochemical, and morphometric method were applied during the study. Classification of the cases was performed by cluster analysis. We observed increase of choroids plexus PBs' presence during the aging process. But this increase is not linear. Their presence is the largest in the second cluster that is younger than the third and older than the first. Nuclear morphometric parameters of the stroma in these cases showed that the cellular composition in this cluster is different than in other two and, that contain larger number of lymphoid cells. Immunohistochemical analysis showed PBs' positive reaction on vimentin, CD45R0, and LCA markers, while in their vicinity, as well as inside them, numerous T‐cells were observed. So, the presence of CD45R0 and LCA‐positive T cells, PBs' positive reaction on the same markers, indirectly connect these cells with PBs' formation process. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Catalyst stability as a factor in iridium‐mediated ortho‐deuteration
Authors: Herbert John M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCrossover experiments show that iridium complexes such as Ir(cod)(Py)(PCy3).PF6 (1) and Ir(cod)(PPh3)2.BF4 are inactivated after a comparatively short period during deuterium exchange reactions. This effect can be limited to some extent by optimizing the concentration at which exchange is performed, but altering physical parameters and adding labile ligands in an effort to stabilize reactive intermediates does not improve matters. Complexes of bidentate arsines and PN ligands and, in some cases, bidentate phosphines, exhibit better stability. Unexpectedly, following hydrogenolysis, 1 is able to mediate deuterium exchange from deuterium oxide into amides and N‐heterocycles at room temperature. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interspecific variation in sternohyoideus muscle morphology in clariid catfishes: Functional implications for suction feeding
Authors: Wassenbergh Sam Van , Herrel Anthony , Adriaens Dominique , Aerts Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDepression of the hyoid apparatus plays a crucial role in generating suction, especially in fishes with a dorso‐ventrally flattened head shape. It is generally assumed that shortening of the sternohyoideus muscle, which connects the hyoid to the pectoral girdle, contributes to hyoid depression. However, a recent study on the clariid catfish Clarias gariepinus has shown that this muscle does not shorten but elongates during this phase through retraction of the pectoral girdle. Here, we test whether this pattern is general among clariid catfish, or if variation in the morphology of the sternohyoideus may result in a different sternohyoideus behavior during hyoid depression. First, sternohyoideus mass, effective cross‐sectional area, fiber length and fiber diameter were measured and compared for four clariid species. Next, velocity and magnitude of hyoid depression during prey capture (from high‐speed videos), as well as patterns of sternohyoideus strain were analyzed (from high‐speed X‐ray videos) in these species. While morphology and hyoid depression performance varied considerably among these species, only the species with the most massive sternohyoideus, Gymnallabes typus, showed shortening of the sternohyoideus muscle during the initial part of the expansive phase. The data for Channallabes apus demonstrate that increasing the magnitude of hyoid depression does not necessarily require a shortening of the m. sternohyoideus, as it shows elongation of this muscle during hyoid depression. J. Morphol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hepatocyte growth factor induction of macrophage chemoattractant protein‐1 and osteophyte‐inducing factors in osteoarthritis
Authors: Dankbar Berno , Neugebauer Katja , Wunrau Christina , Tibesku Carsten O. , Skwara Adrian , Pap Thomas , Fuchs‐Winkelmann Susanne 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn osteoarthritis (OA), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is supposed to play a role in cartilage repair. Because the development of osteophytes is a major characteristic of OA and thought to be part of an attempted repair process, the purpose of this study was to determine whether HGF may be involved in osteophyte formation. HGF levels in synovial fluids from 41 patients assessed by enzyme immunosorbant assay were correlated with disease severity and osteophyte formation, evaluated by anteroposterior weight‐bearing radiographs. Detection of HGF, c‐Met, and CD68 in cartilage and synovial tissues was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Effects of HGF on the secretion of TGF‐β1 and BMP‐2 by chondrocytes, fibroblast‐like synovial cells (FLS), and macrophages as well as HGF‐induced secretion of MCP‐1 by FLS and chondrocytes were determined by ELISA. HGF was detected in all synovial fluids and concentrations correlated highly with disease severity and osteophyte formation (p < 0.001). Immunohistochemistry revealed weak synovial staining for HGF, whereas increasing numbers of HGF expressing chondrocytes were detected depending on disease severity. In addition, an increased number of macrophages in synovial specimens was observed, which was likewise severity dependent. In a series of subsequent in vitro studies, HGF remarkable induced MCP‐1 secretion by FLS in a dose‐dependent manner. No effect on TGF‐β1 and BMP‐2 secretion by FLS and chondrocytes was evident upon HGF stimulation, whereas secretion of these growth factors by PMA‐differentiated THP‐1 cells was significantly increased by HGF. The results indicate that HGF may facilitate osteophyte development by promoting MCP‐1‐mediated entry of monocytes/macrophages into the OA‐affected joint and/or by stimulating macrophage‐derived growth factors. © 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 25:569–577, 2007
CEA, CA 19‐9, and CA 125 in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pancreatic diseases with or without jaundice
Authors: Duraker Nüvit , Hot Semih , Polat Yücel , Höbek Anil , Gençler Nur , Urhan Nuray 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIn this study, the value of the serum tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA 19‐9, and CA 125 was assessed in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pancreatic diseases with and without obstructive jaundice.MethodsSerum levels of CEA, CA 19‐9, and CA 125 were measured by immunoradiometric assay before the treatment in 123 patients with pancreatic carcinoma and 58 patients with a benign pancreatic disease.ResultsThe sensitivity of CEA, CA 19‐9, and CA 125 in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma was 39.0%, 81.3%, and 56.9%; and specificity was 91.4%, 75.9%, and 77.6%, respectively. Although there was no significant difference between the CA 19‐9 positivity ratios of the jaundiced (84.3%) and nonjaundiced (73.5%) patient subgroups of the pancreatic carcinoma, this ratio was significantly higher in the jaundiced subgroup (64.7%) than the nonjaundiced subgroup (7.3%) of the benign pancreatic diseases (P < 0.001). The CEA and CA 125 positivity ratios of jaundiced and nonjaundiced subgroups of patients with benign and malignant pancreatic diseases were not significantly different.ConclusionsIn the differential diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma from benign pancreatic diseases, CA 19‐9 can be useful in the nonjaundiced patients, whereas CA 125 provides a limited contribution in jaundiced patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;95:142–147. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Usefulness of autoantigens depletion to detect autoantibody signatures by multiple affinity protein profiling
Authors: Hardouin Julie , Lasserre Jean‐Paul , Canelle Ludovic , Duchateau Magalie , Vlieghe Céline , Choquet‐Kastylevsky Geneviève , Joubert‐Caron Raymonde , Caron Michel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPatients with cancer produce specific autoantibodies against protein antigens present in limited amount among a large background of immunoglobulins (Igs), nonrelevant as biomarkers, including natural antibodies. Multiple affinity protein profiling (MAPPing) that combines 2‐D immunoaffinity chromatography, enzymatic digestion of the isolated proteins, and identification by MS/MS, may facilitate the identification of these so far unknown patient antibodies. The first immunoaffinity chromatography is crucial, as it is used for selectively removing proteins (autoantigens) recognized by natural antibodies. Application of this depletion step to colon cancer cell proteins is specifically described along with the identification of the natural autoantigens, as well as the coupling of this depletion step with the next steps. By enabling to separate antibody‐binding proteins recognized by either natural autoantibodies or patient‐specific antibodies this approach may contribute significantly towards the definition of autoantibody signatures.
Die Scherografie – Ein quantitatives Messverfahren zur Schwingungsmessung und zerstörungsfreien Prüfung
Authors: Mäckel Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIm Vergleich zu anderen konkurrierenden Messverfahren in der zerstörungsfreien Prüfung wie z. B. der Thermografie basiert das Verfahren der Scherografie auf der Messung von mechanischen Verformungen der Objektoberfläche. Über die reine Lokalisierung von Fehlstellen hinaus besteht somit das Potenzial, Kriterien für die quantitative Beurteilung von Fehlstellen und deren Überwachung aufzustellen, da die Verformungen in direktem Zusammenhang mit mechanischen, festigkeitsrelevanten Eigenschaften wie Steifigkeit und Dämpfung der zu prüfenden Struktur stehen.
Subthalamic‐thalamic DBS in a case with spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 and severe tremor—A unusual clinical benefit
Authors: Freund Hans‐Joachim , Barnikol Utako B. , Nolte Dagmar , Treuer Harald , Auburger Georg , Tass Peter A. , Samii Madjid , Sturm Volker 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis is a single case report of a patient with spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) and severe tremor. Whereas disease progression with prevailing ataxia and dysmetria was slow over the first symptomatic 6 years, 6 months prior to operation were characterized by the development of a severe, debilitating postural tremor rendering the patient unable to independently sit, stand, speak, or swallow. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) at a subthalamic–thalamic electrode position almost completely arrested her tremor. The patient regained the functional state prior to her rapid disease progression allowing a restricted range of daily activities. Her condition has remained approximately stable over the two postoperative years to date. In addition to the efficacy of DBS on cerebellar tremor, the results illustrate a remarkable improvement of the patient's general condition and independence.
Cavity identification in linear elasticity and thermoelasticity
Authors: Ameur Hend Ben , Burger Martin , Hackl Benjamin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe aim of this paper is an analysis of geometric inverse problems in linear elasticity and thermoelasticity related to the identification of cavities in two and three spatial dimensions. The overdetermined boundary data used for the reconstruction are the displacement and temperature on a part of the boundary.We derive identifiability results and directional stability estimates, the latter using the concept of shape derivatives, whose form is known in elasticity and newly derived for thermoelasticity. For numerical reconstructions we use a least‐squares formulation and a geometric gradient descent based on the associated shape derivatives. The directional stability estimates guarantee the stability of the gradient descent approach, so that an iterative regularization is obtained. This iterative scheme is then regularized by a level set approach allowing the reconstruction of multiply connected shapes. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
National survey on the management of prolapse in the UK
Authors: Jha Swati , Moran Paul A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAimsTo assess trends in the surgical management of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) amongst UK practitioners, and compare practice between urogynaecologists (tertiary centres), gynaecologists with a special interest in urogynaecology and general gynaecologists.MethodsA postal questionnaire survey was sent to practising consultant gynaecologists in UK Hospitals. They included urogynaecologists in tertiary centres, gynaecologists with a designated special interest in urogynaecology and general gynaecologists. The questionnaire included case scenarios encompassing contentious issues in the surgical management of POP.ResultsFour hundred fifty‐eight responses were received and 398 were completed. For anterior vaginal wall prolapse, anterior colporrhaphy was the procedure of choice in 77% of respondents. With concomitant urodynamic stress incontinence, a Burch was the procedure of choice in 11%, but 79% of respondents would perform a midurethral tape combined with repair. In women with utero‐vaginal prolapse the procedure of choice was a vaginal hysterectomy and repair (82%). Twenty‐four percent of respondents would operate in women whose family was incomplete. In women with posterior vaginal wall prolapse (PWP), the procedure of choice was posterior colporrhaphy with midline fascial plication (75%). For vault prolapse, 66% of respondents would operate. Thirty‐six percent would perform urodynamics prior to surgery. The procedure of choice was an abdominal sacrocolpopexy (38%).ConclusionThere are wide variations in the surgical management of prolapse. Management of POP by urogynaecologists varied in some respects from the general gynaecologists, but were similar to the practices of gynaecologists with a designated interest in urogynaecology. Neurourol. Urodynam. 26:325–331, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
State‐constrained optimal control applied to cell‐cycle‐specific cancer chemotherapy
Authors: Alamir M. , Chareyron S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this paper, the optimal drug injection problem arising in cancer treatment by cell‐cycle‐specific chemotherapy is investigated. The optimal control problem is state constrained in which the stage cost reflects the concern of maximal drug injection, while the state constraint imposes a lower bound on the total number of cells in the bone marrow. It is shown that this problem can be approximately solved up to any desired precision by using an indexed family of state‐unconstrained optimal control problems. The state constraint is fulfilled for any member of the family. The existence of solutions is proved and the resulting approximation is characterized by appropriate two‐sided inequalities. Simulations are provided to show the efficiency and relevance of the proposed formulation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Malaysia's government publishing house: a quest for increased performance through technology
Authors: Mohmud Dahlina Daut , Sackett Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractElectronic publishing, which is the production of a book or an e‐book electronically, encompasses all processes involved in the production such as electronic communication, production, authoring, submission, reviewing, transfer and output. This study examines a radical transformation process to turn a conventional sector into an electronic sector. Studies were carried out in a government run publishing house in Malaysia, where the course of the public sectors and the interests of the private sectors meet. Factors that hindered progress, such as data management issues and transparencies are identified, and suggestions made to overcome them. Some concerns over disruption, such as creative destruction, often viewed as negative and destructive were identified with the introduction of technology. As disruption is also considered as one of the main hindrances in innovation, the study focuses on determining other effects of disruption on transformation. Business and management strategies are combined and a system that could increase performance and efficiency in the sector is proposed. However, the main concern in e‐government efforts will have to be looked into from the root issues expanding from top level management to users and an innovative platform furnished with knowledge and skills at all levels. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.