bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromosome changes (trisomy 15) in murine T‐cell leukemia induced by 7,12‐dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)
Authors: Wiener Francis , Spira Jack , Ohno Shinsuke , Haran‐Ghera Nechama , Klein Georges 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe banding pattern of DMBA‐induced leukemias in C57BL/6 mice revealed a very constant chromosome pattern: the presence of trisomy 15 in almost all leukemic cells. This finding strongly suggests that chromosome 15 trisomy is the first detectable specific chromosome change associated with the development of DMBA‐induced T‐cell lymphomas. A similar association was previously shown with regard to development of radiation‐leukemia‐virus‐induced T‐cell lymphoma. It is conceivable that in tumors of diverse etiologies common cytogenetic changes may appear in the same common target‐cell precursor, by a process of the “convergent microevolution” type.
Neoplastic behavior of chromosomally abnormal clones in New Zealand black mice
Authors: Friedman J. M. , Fialkow Philip J. , Bryant Jean , Reddy A. L. , Salo Armi C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOld New Zealand Black (NZB) mice frequently develop reticulum‐cell sarcoma and clones of aneuploid cells in their spleens. In order to define the relationship between neoplasms and chromosomal abnormalities, the pattern of distribution of aneuploid cells was studied to see if it corresponds to that expected of the malignancy, and chromosomally aberrant or normal spleen cells were transplanted into syngeneic newborn recipients. The results indicate that aneuploid cells arise focally but may disseminate widely in an affected mouse. A strong association was found between spleen‐cell aneuploidy in a transplantation donor and both aneuploidy and histological evidence of reticulum‐cell sarcoma in young recipients. Chromosomal aberrations in young recipients were always of donor origin. On the basis of these data, it seems likely that aneuploid clones which arise in the spleens of old NZB mice usually are at least potentially neoplastic.
An immunoregulatory factor associated with spleen cells from tumor‐bearing animals. II. Characterization of the cell populations involved in its production and release
Authors: Hollander Nurit , Isakov Noah , Segal Shraga , Feldman Michael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCulture supernatants of spleen cells from tumor‐bearing mice (TBM) have been found to enhance tumor growth, when injected together with tumor cells, and to augment the generation of antibody‐producing cells (APC), when injected into mice together with sheep erythrocytes (SRBC). In an attempt to characterize the cellular entity in the spleen‐cell population which is involved in release of the enhancing factor (EF), “B”, adult‐thymectomized, and nude mice were inoculated with 3LL tumor cells, and their spleen‐cell supernatants were tested. We found that spleen‐cell supernatants from the three different categories of 3LL tumor‐bearing mice were highly effective in augmenting anti‐SRBC APC production and in accelerating tumor growth. In a second line of experiments, T or B lymphocytes were eliminated from spleens of TBM before the cells were incubated in vitro. Culture supernatants of TBM spleen cells adherent to nylon wool colums, which were enriched mainly for B lymphocytes and macrophages, manifested higher EF activity than supernatants of eluted spleen cells which were enriched for T lymphocytes. Supernatants of TBM spleen cells, which were pretreated with anti‐Thy 1,2 serum in the presence of complement before culturing, were found to be highly effective in potentiation of APC generation and in enhancement of tumor growth. These results suggest that EF is not released by lymphoid cells that possess characteristics of mature T lymphocytes. EF was produced in culture by 3LL tumor cells; 90 min after injection of 3LL supernatant, the recipient spleen cells were capable of releasing EF in vitro. Trypsin treatment did not affect EF production by tumor cells but stopped its release from spleen cells of TBM. It therefore appears that EF is produced by the tumor cells and is then adsorbed onto spleen cells.
Oncogenicity of friend‐virus‐infected cells: Determination of origin of spleen colonies by the H‐2 antigens as genetic markers
Authors: Wendling F. , Tambourin P. E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSpleen cells from mice infected with Friend leukemia virus (FLV) inoculated by the intravenous route give rise to macroscopically visible colonies in the spleens of normal F1 histocompatible hybrid hosts. A study of H‐2 antigens as generic markers for identification of strains of origin of cells constituting the spleen colonies was undertaken. The standard cytotoxic test was demonstrated to be suitable for characterizing the H‐2 antigens present on the surface of spleen cells from normal or FLV‐leukemic parents or F1 hybrid mice. Individual colonies dissected out of the spleen of (C3H × C57BL/6) F1 recipients (H‐2k/H‐2b), 10 days after the intravenous graft of FLV‐infected spleen cells of C3H origin (H‐2k), were all sensitive to anti‐C57BL/6 antibodies. In the same way, colonies obtained from the spleens of (DBA/2 × C57BL/10) F1 recipients (H‐2d/H‐2b) grafted with DBA/2 leukemic spleen cells (H‐2d) were all sensitive to both anti‐H‐2b and anti‐H‐2d antibodies. These results directly prove that the main cell population constituing a spleen colony arises from the recipient. The authors conclude that the spleen colonies do not result from the neoplastic proliferation of injected donor cells but rather from the multiplication of host cells transformed by Friend virus produced by the grafted cells.
The covalent binding of polycyclic hydrocarbons to DNA in the skin of mice of different strains
Authors: Phillips David H. , Grover Philip L. , Sims Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe binding of three tritium‐labelled carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons, 7,12‐dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA), benzo (a) pyrene (BP) and 3‐methylcholanthrene (MCA) to DNA in mouse skin has been studied in C57BL, DBA/2 and Swiss mice following topical application of the hydrocarbons. DNA isolated from the treated areas was hydrolysed to deoxyribonucleosides and chromatographed on Sephadex LH20 columns. The levels of binding of hydrocarbon to DNA were determined from the amount of radioactivity eluted from Sephadex LH20 columns in those fractions containing hydrocarbon‐DNA adducts and the radioactivity shown, by rechromatography on AG5OWX4 columns, to be due to tritium incorporation into normal deoxyribonucleosides was not included. C57BL mice were treated with doses of DMBA ranging from 0.025 μmol to 1 μmol/mouse and the levels of hydrocarbon bound to DNA 19 h after treatment were determined; there was no evidence for a threshold dose below which no binding to DNA occurs, and the same hydrocarbon‐DNA product peaks were obtained at all doses. The levels of binding of DMBA (1 μmol/mouse) to DNA in skin were compared in C57BL, DBA/2 and Swiss mice at times varying from 6 h to 8 days after treatment. DMBA became bound to similar extents in Swiss and C57BL mice and to a slightly greater extent in DBA/2 mice; the rate of disappearance of bound DMBA from DNA was similar in all three strains. DMBA (0.1 μmol/mouse) was bound to DNA in C57BL and DBA/2 mice to similar extents 19 h after treatment and to a slightly lesser extent in Swiss mice. The ratios of the sizes of the hydrocarbon‐DNA product peaks varied with the time after treatment, but were similar at any given time for the three strains. Both BP (1 μmol/mouse) and MCA (1 μmol/mouse) were bound to DNA to similar extents 19 h and 48 h after treatment in all three strains. BP (0.1 μmol/mouse) was bound to DNA in the order DBA/2>C57BL> Swiss 19 h after treatment. The levels of binding for all three hydrocarbons in the different strains do not show a correlation with the reported susceptibilities of the three strains to polycylic hydrocarbon carcinogenesis.
Developmental changes in carbohydrate moiety of human alpha‐fetoprotein
Authors: Ruoslahti Erkki , Engvall Eva , Pekkala Aulikki , Seppälä Markku 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman AFP purified from fetal serum and amniotic fluid was separated into three different variants by chromatography on concanavalin A insolubilized on Sepharose (Con A—Sepharose). The three variants were indistinguishable in immunodiffusion and radioimmunoassay. Sera from patients with yolk‐sac tumor and amniotic fluid from early pregnancy were found to contain a high proportion (15–45%) of AFP which does not bind to Con A, while AFP in fetal and newborn sera, and in amniotic fluid from late pregnancy, contained less (2–6%) of this variant. The use of a large excess of Con A—Sepharose and the fact that the non‐bound AFP consistently eluted as non‐bound in rechromatography showed that this AFP is non‐reactive with Con A. Fractionation of radiolabelled AFP from cord serum in a mixture with amniotic fluid verified the difference in the amount of the Con‐A non‐reactive variant in AFP from these two sources. These results suggest that AFP synthesized by the yolk‐sac tissue and by the liver are glycosylated differently. The variant may prove to be diagnostically useful.
Immunotherapy with an intralesionally administered synthetic cord factor analogue
Authors: Yarkoni Eliyahu , Rapp Herbert J. , Polonsky Judith , Lederer Edgar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInjection of emulsified 6,6′‐di‐O‐2‐tetradecyl‐3‐hydroxyoctadecanoyl‐α,α trehalose designated C76, a synthetic analogue of the mycobacterial glycolipid trehalose‐6,6′‐dimycolate (TDM), into transplants of an established, syngeneic murine fibrosarcoma induced complete regression of tumor in a number of animals. The number of animals in which tumor regressed completely depended on the amount of oil in the emulsion. On a weight basis, C76 was at least as active as TDM. Intralesional injection of an emulsified mixture of C76 and endotoxin (ET) or of TDM and ET caused regression of an established transplant of a guinea‐pig hepatoma in syngeneic animals. In mice, intravenously administered emulsions of C76 were less toxic and less granulomagenic than those made with TDM.
Induction of a tumor with greatly increased metastatic growth potential by injection of cells from a low‐metastatic H‐2 heterozygous tumor cell line into an H‐2 incompatible parental strain
Authors: Kerbel R. S. , Twiddy R. R. , Robertson D. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn H‐2 heterozygous sarcoma, MDAY, originally induced with methylcholanthrene in an (A × DBA/2)F1 (H‐2a × H‐2d) hybrid host was selected for growth in the H‐2d homozygous parental DBA/2 strain by serial intraperitoneal transplantation of ascites tumor cells. An apparent variant, designated MDAY‐D2, was obtained which showed the expected loss of the private and public H‐2Kk haplotype antigens normally associated with the A strain parent and the original MDAY tumor. Comparison of the original and variant lines revealed a wide variety of cell surface antigen and receptor differences. Both tumors were found to be highly anaplastic and histologically unclassifiable. Examination of the two tumor lines growing in vivo revealed a remarkable difference in their metastatic growth potential. The original MDAY line showed little propensity to spread to any organ site, with the occasional exception of liver, after subcutaneous inoculation of (A × DBA/2)F1 mice. In striking contrast, there was a rapid and massive spread of MDAY‐D2 to liver, spleen, lungs and kidneys within 12–16 days: liver and spleen could be totally replaced by tumor within 2–3 weeks. These characteristics were observed in both (A × DBA/2)F1 and DBA/2 mice. The tendency to metastasize, as well as loss of the H‐2Kk haplotype, appeared stable and irreversible. Although the precise origin of MDAY‐D2 is not clear, its metastasizing properties are unique, making it a useful and desirable model to study the biology of metastasis.
Enhancement of thermal killing by polyamines. II. Uptake and metabolism of exogenous polyamines in hyperthermic chinese hamster cells
Authors: Ben‐Hur Ehud , Riklis Emanuel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe uptake and metabolism of the polyamines spermine, spermidine, cadaverine and putrescine, previously shown to potentiate heat sensitivity, were studied in cultured Chinese hamster cells. Heat (42°C) causes enhanced uptake of exogenously supplied polyamines into the acid‐soluble fraction of the cells. Putrescine is taken up exceptionally fast at 37°C, about 10 times faster than its homologue, cadaverine. This uptake is slower at 42°C. The polyamines taken up were metabolized to some extent and the metabolites were similar at 37°C and 42°C except in the case of putrescine. These results suggest that potentiation of heat‐sensitivity is probably mediated by the polyamines as such and not by their metabolites. Polyamines slightly protect the cells against the inhibitory effect of heat on RNA and protein synthesis. It is suggested that exogenous polyamines interact with nucleic acids inside the cell, and this interaction may underlie their synergism with heat. The exact nature of this interaction and the way it leads to enhanced thermal sensitivity are still obscure.
Biochemical studies on RNA tumor virus information and its transmission in B16 murine melanoma
Authors: Hehlmann R. , Erfle V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe mouse melanoma B16 contains particles encapsulating a high molecular weight RNA of 60–70S size associated with a reverse transcriptase. The particles possess a density of 1.14–1.18 g/cm3. The RNA shares sequences with the 70S RNAs of several mammalian C‐type RNA tumor viruses. The nuclear DNA of the mouse melanoma B16 possesses particle‐related sequences not present in the genome of normal C57BI mice.
Expression of human mammary epithelial (HME) antigens in primary cultures of normal and abnormal breast tissue
Authors: Peterson Jerry A. , Buehring Gertrude Case , Taylor‐Papadimitriou Joyce , Ceriani Roberto L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe expression of human mammary epithelial (HME) antigens was studied in primary cell cultures of normal and abnormal breast tissue and of tissues from other organs. By indirect immunofluorescence it was shown that heterologous anti‐HME bound to the cell surface of both suspension and monolayer cultures of human breast epithelial cells from normal breast tissue, normal breast fluid, non‐malignant atypical lesions of the female breast, gynecomastia in the male breast, breast carcinomas, and peritoneal and pleural effusions of patients with breast carcinomas. The fibroblast‐like cells cultured from either normal, non‐malignant atypical, or malignant breast tissue never bound anti‐HME, nor did histiocyte‐like cells from breast fluid or a sarcoid granuloma of the breast. From a Paget tumor of the breast, two distinguishable epithelial‐like colonies appeared in the cultures, only one of which expressed HME‐antigens. Anti‐HME did not bind to cells cultured from tissues of other organs, whether epithelial‐like or fibroblast‐like; these organs included thyroid, ovary, endometrium, and skin.
Long‐term T‐cell‐mediated immunity to epstein‐barr virus in man. I. Complete regression of virus‐induced transformation in cultures of seropositive donor leukocytes
Authors: Moss D. J. , Rickinson A. B. , Pope J. H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPeripheral blood mononuclear cells from donors of known serological status with respect to EB virus were exposed to the virus in vitro and then cultured at various cell concentrations. All cultures from nine seronegative adult and 12 foetal donors gave rise to cell lines following subculture 4 weeks post infection. In contrast, seropositive donor cultures seeded at the higher cell concentrations developed foci of proliferating EBNA‐positive cells within the first 1–2 weeks but thereafter regressed completely and subcultures made after 4 weeks never gave rise to cell lines. Out of 18 seropositive donors tested, 15 showed regression in all cultures seeded at 106 cells/ml and above, and with the other three donors a proportion of replicate cultures regressed. T‐cell depletion and reconstitution experiments showed that the effect was absolutely dependent upon the presence in the cultures of T cells from these seropositive donors. The results strongly suggest that the regression phenomenon is an in vitro expression of long‐term T‐cell‐mediated immunity to EB virus which the large majority, if not all, infected individuals possess.
Abnormalites in evening plasma prolactin levels in nulliparous women with benign or malignant breast disease
Authors: Tarquini A. , di Martino L. , Malloci A. , Kwa H. G. , van der Gugten A. A. , Bulbrook R. D. , Wang D. Y. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the present study the assay results of prolactin concentrations in serial samples of blood obtained from premenopausal women with benign or malignant disease of the breast are compared with—and discussed in relation to—findings reported in earlier studies based on single samples of blood taken at various times from a large and ostensibly normal population of women. The finding of an abnormality in nycthemeral prolactin levels in the established disease is considered to strengthen the concept that the same abnormality found in high‐risk groups is of aetiological importance.
Heteroantiserum against acute lymphocytic leukemia raised to the lymphoblastoid cell line NALM‐1
Authors: Billing Ronald , Clark Bill , Guidera Kathy , Minowada Jun 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntisera have been raised in rabbits to the lymphoblastoid cell line NALM 1 precoated with antilymphocyte serum (ALS). Following absorption with chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells (CLL) the antisera reacted mainly with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) cells, and were very similar in specificity to antisera raised to ALL cells precoated with ALS. Leukemia cells from the following numbers of patients were positive for the anti‐NALM 1 sera in a complement‐dependent cytotoxicity test; 11/14 ALL, 3/15 acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), 1/5 chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) and 0/8 CLL. Normal B and T peripheral blood lymphocytes were negative. The titer of the anti‐NALM 1 sera against positive cells was 1:64 to 1:256 whereas the undiluted sera did not react with negative cells. Ten out of 11 of the positive ALL cells were of the non‐B non‐T type. However, cells from 1/4 T ALL patients and a cultured T ALL line 8402 were also positive. Six of 12 cultured lymphoblastoid cell lines were positive, all of which were of malignant origin. The molecular weight of the ALL antigen detected by anti‐NALM‐1 serum was determined by immunoprecipitation and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) to be approximately 98,000 daltons.
Antigenic characterization of a new gibbon ape leukemia virus isolate: Seroepidemiologic assessment of an outbreak of gibbon leukemia
Authors: Krakower Jeffery M. , Tronick Steven R. , Gallagher Robert E. , Gallo Robert C. , Aaronson Stuart A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA type‐C virus recently isolated from a leukemic gibbon in a colony located on Hall's Island, Bermuda, was characterized with respect to the antigenic properties of its gag and env gene‐coded proteins. This virus, designated GaLV‐H, was found to be closely related immunologically to type‐C viruses previously isolated from gibbons (GaLV‐SF, GaLV‐SEATO, GaLV‐Br) and from woolly monkey (SSAV). However, GaLV‐H was readily differentiated from these isolates in a radioimmunoassay for its env gene product, gp70. Seroepidemiology established that GaLV‐H was horizontally transmitted among gibbons within the colony. There was no evidence of exposure leading to an immune response to the virus or viral antigenemia in humans working in association with these animals.
The effect of fibre size on the in vitro biological activity of three types of amphibole asbestos
Authors: Brown R. C. , Chamberlain M. , Griffiths D. M. , Timbrell V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree standard (UICC) samples of amphibole asbestos were subjected to ball‐milling; the main effect of this procedure was to reduce the length of the fibres present in each sample. The numbers of fibres in unit masses, and the distribution of fibre sizes in all the samples, both parent and milled, were estimated from electron micrographs. The ability of all the samples to reduce the plating efficiency of V79‐4 cells is compared, on the basis of mass, fibre number and fibre number above various length thresholds. This biological activity of all the samples correlated best with the number of fibres above a threshold length of 6.5 μm. This is compared with the sizes of fibre previously reported to induce mesotheliomata when implanted into the pleural cavities of rats.
Naturally occurring humoral immunity to murine mammary tumor virus (MuMTV) and MuMTV GP52 in mice with low mammary tumor incidence
Authors: Arthur L. O. , Fine D. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntibodies to murine mammary tumor virus (MuMTV) were found in sera from male and female mice by means of a radiolabelled intact MuMTV precipitation assay. These antibodies were demonstrated both in strains of mice that have a high incidence of mammary tumors and transmit the highly oncogenic MuMTV via the milk (C3H) and in mice that have been foster‐nursed to remove the highly oncogenic milk‐borne MuMTV (C3Hf) and subsequently have a decreased mammary tumor incidence. Antibodies to MuMTV were readily demonstrated in C3H mice at 6 weeks of age, whereas only marginal antibody activity was detected in C3Hf mice of less than 15 weeks of age. Antibody levels increased with age in both strains, but in C3Hf mice the immune response was also accelerated by pregnancy. Several feral and BALB/c NIV mouse sera with high (125I)MMTV precipitating titers also precipitated the major MuMTV envelope glycoprotein (gp52). Maximum precipitation of the (125I)gp52 was >50% with a 20% endpoint binding titer of 1:40, whereas the same sera precipitated >80% of (125I)MMTV with a titer of >1:2560. These naturally occurring antibodies were specific for gp52 since only MuMTV and purified MuMTV gp52 competed for binding of radiolabelled antigens by limiting dilutions of mouse sera. MuMTV gp52 was found in both C3H and C3Hf mice, predominantly in organs which had secretory functions, such as submaxillary glands and mammary tissue of females and submaxillary, coagulating, and vesicular glands and vas deferens of males. Extracts of other tissues were negative for MuMTV gp52. Neither gp52 nor naturally occurring antibodies for MuMTV were found in BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice.
Identification of murine endogenous xenotropic retrovirus in cultured multicellular tumour spheroids from nude‐mouse‐passaged nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Crawford D. H. , Achono B. G. , Teich N. M. , Finerty S. , Thompson J. L. , Epstein M. A. , Giovanella B. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAfter nude‐mouse‐passage, a carcinoma of the nasopharynx was found to contain a few scattered C‐t/pe retrovirus particles. Culture of this nude‐mouse‐grown material over solid agar allowed the human tumour cells to grow as multicellular spheroids which increased in number by budding and could be subcultured for up to 6 months. Within the spheroids the human tumour cells expressed increased retrovirus replication and large numbers of C‐type particles were observed. Treatment with a halogenated pyrimidine further enhanced the virus production. This tissue culture system provided sufficient virus production for the identification of the retrovirus as an endogenous xenotropic murine leukaemia virus and not a human agent.