bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benefits and challenges experienced by professional facilitators of online support groups for cancer survivors
Authors: Owen Jason E. , Bantum Erin O'Carroll , Golant Mitch 
Published: June 2008

AbstractObjectives: The primary aim of the study was to identify specific strengths and challenges of facilitating online cancer support groups relative to face‐to‐face groups through the use of deductive qualitative analysis. A secondary aim was to quantitatively validate the identified strengths and challenges.Methods: To better understand how facilitators' roles in online support groups (OSGs) might differ from face‐to‐face (F2F) support groups, we compared the professional experiences of facilitators from both F2F and OSGs at The Wellness Community. Transcripts from online supervision sessions among OSG facilitators were analyzed using deductive qualitative analysis. A pool of items was developed to measure the primary themes derived from the qualitative analysis and administered to a sample of both F2F and online cancer support group facilitators.Results: Strengths and weaknesses of online support group leaders could be captured in three categories: group processes, structural elements, and facilitator roles. Positive perceptions of group processes, structural elements, and facilitator roles were significantly higher among F2F facilitators than OSG facilitators.Conclusion: OSG facilitators described their online groups as helpful to participants and identified some aspects of online groups that promoted more active processing of cancer experiences among group participants. Additionally, they reported that learning how to facilitate an online group strengthened their skills in facilitating face‐to‐face groups. However, OSGs do appear to present significant challenges to facilitation. These challenges are discussed with particular attention given to ways in which online facilitators have developed “work‐arounds” for addressing shortcomings of the internet as a medium for delivering psychosocial services. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optical properties of as‐grown and process‐induced stacking faults in 4H‐SiC
Authors: Camassel J. , Juillaguet S. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractWe present a review of recent photoluminescence, cathodoluminescence and micro‐photoluminescence studies that have been made to investigate the electronic properties of as‐grown and/or process‐induced stacking faults (SFs) in silicon carbide (SiC) epitaxial layers. For different polytypes and different acquisition conditions, we discuss the optical signature and compare with the results of model calculations. Since a SF is always a finite lamella of 3C or 8H polytype in a 4H or 6H matrix, we take successively into account the effect of the valence band offsets, internal polarizations and non‐homogeneity of the potential wells. In the case of cathodoluminescence and micro‐photoluminescence techniques, due to the higher pumping level, we show that some screening of the built‐in electric field can be reached. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
EPR identification of intrinsic defects in SiC
Authors: Isoya J. , Umeda T. , Mizuochi N. , Son N. T. , Janzén E. , Ohshima T. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe structure determination of intrinsic defects in 4H‐SiC, 6H‐SiC, and 3C‐SiC by means of EPR is based on measuring the angular dependence of the 29Si/13C hyperfine (HF) satellite lines, from which spin densities, sp‐hybrid ratio, and p‐orbital direction can be determined over major atoms comprising a defect. In most cases, not only the assignment of the variety due to the inequivalent sites (h ‐ and k ‐sites in 4H‐SiC) but also the identification of the defect species is accomplished through the comparison of the obtained HF parameters with those obtained from first principles calculations. Our works of identifying vacancy‐related defects such as the monovacancies, divacancies, and antisite‐vacancy pairs in 4H‐SiC are reviewed. In addition, it is demonstrated that the observation of the central line of the TV2a center of S = 3/2 has been achieved by pulsed‐ELDOR. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Methanol extract of Ficus leaf inhibits the production of nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokines in LPS‐stimulated microglia via the MAPK pathway
Authors: Jung Hyo Won , Son Hye Young , Minh Chau Van , Kim Young Ho , Park Yong‐Ki 
Published: June 2008

AbstractExcessive production of inflammatory mediators, nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokines from activated microglia has been implicated in neurodegeneration in human brain diseases. Recently, it seems possible that treatment with antiinflammatory agents, including Oriental medicinal plants, might delay the progression of neurodegeneration through the inhibition of microglial activation. The present study evaluated the effect of a methanol extract of Ficus religiosa leaf (MFL) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced production of NO and proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐beta (IL‐1β) and IL‐6 in BV‐2 cells, a mouse microglial line. MFL inhibited LPS‐induced production of NO and proinflammatory cytokines in a dose‐dependent manner. MFL also attenuated the expression of mRNA and proteins of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and proinflammatory cytokines, suggesting the blockage of transcription levels, respectively.The molecular mechanism of MFL‐mediated attenuation underlies the down‐regulation of the extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK), c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, and suppresses the nuclear factor kappaB (NF‐κB) activation. The results suggest that MFL exhibits antiinflammatory properties in LPS‐induced activation of BV2 microglial cells, and that might have a therapeutic potential for various neurodegenerative diseases. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
α‐hederin potentiates 5‐FU antitumor activity in human colon adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Bun Sok‐Siya , Elias Riad , Baghdikian Béatrice , Ciccolini Joseph , Ollivier Evelyne , Balansard Guy 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the ability of α‐hederin to improve the efficacy of widely prescribed 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) in a human colon adenocarcinoma model. Drug combinations of α‐hederin and 5‐FU using both fixed‐concentration and combination index methods were performed in vitro in HT‐29 cells. The results showed that α‐hederin at sub‐IC50 cytotoxic concentrations enhanced 5‐FU cytotoxicity about 3.3‐fold (p < 0.001). Simultaneous combination of α‐hederin and 5‐FU at their IC50 ratio showed either a synergistic effect at a moderate cytotoxic range (25% of cell growth inhibition) or an antagonistic effect at a high level of growth inhibition. The data indicate therefore that it is possible to optimize colorectal cancer cell sensitivity to 5‐FU with α‐hederin. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mechanisms of gastroprotective effect of eugenol in indomethacin‐induced ulcer in rats
Authors: Morsy Mohamed A. , Fouad Amr A. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractPossible mechanisms underlying the gastroprotective effect of eugenol against indomethacin‐induced ulcer in rats were investigated. Pyloric ligation was performed for collection of gastric juice, and gastric ulceration was induced by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of indomethacin (30 mg/kg). Pretreatment with a single dose of eugenol (100 mg/kg, orally), 1 h before indomethacin administration caused significant reductions in gastric mucosal lesions, gastric acid outputs and pepsin activity associated with a significant increase in mucin concentration. Additionally, eugenol significantly attenuated the elevations in gastric mucosal malondialdehyde and total nitrite, and the decrease in reduced glutathione observed with indomethacin. The protective effect afforded by eugenol was significantly inhibited by prior administration of glibenclamide, the ATP‐sensitive potassium (KATP) channel blocker, but not by prior use of ruthenium red, the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) antagonist. The results indicate that the anti‐ulcer effect of eugenol is mediated by opening of KATP channels, scavenging free radicals, decreasing acid‐pepsin secretion, increasing mucin production, and preventing the deleterious rise in nitric oxide level. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative immunomodulating activities of polysaccharides isolated from Phellinus spp. on cell‐mediated immunity
Authors: Chang Zhi Qiang , Oh Byung Chul , Lee Sam Pin , Rhee Man Hee , Park Seung Chun 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe comparison of potent immunomodulating activities of hot‐aqueous polysaccharides isolated from Phellinus spp., P. linteus (PL), P. baumii (PB) and P. gilvus (PG), on cellular immunity were investigated. The results showed that all three kinds of Phellinus spp. could stimulate the proliferation of murine splenocytes, and PG has more powerful stimulating activity than other Phellinus spp. Furthermore, PL and PB significantly increased the proliferation of the mixed splenocytes in a concentration‐response manner, and the stimulating effect of PL was significantly higher than that of PB at all concentrations used in the present study, but no stimulating effect was found with the addition of PG. The phagocytosis of both peritoneal macrophage and RAW264.7 cells was also increased in the presence of PG, PB or PL, and the stimulating activity of PG was higher than that of PB or PL at all concentrations tested. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Addressing the analytical throughput challenges in ADME screening using rapid ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry methodologies
Authors: Plumb Robert S. , Potts Warren B. , Rainville Paul D. , Alden Peter G. , Shave Darcy H. , Baynham Geneen , Mazzeo Jeffery R. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractHigh‐throughput ADME screening for compound drug development properties has become an essential part of the modern drug discovery process, allowing more informed decisions to be made on the best compounds to take forward in the discovery/development process. This however is a time‐consuming process requiring multiple tests to be performed, demanding a significant amount of liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) instrument time. This article focuses on the use of sub‐2 µm porous particle LC coupled to tandem quadrupole MS/MS mass spectrometry for the rapid screening of ADME properties. Using this approach analysis times from 30 s to 1 min were achievable allowing analysis times to be cut by 80%. The use of the small particles coupled to high flow rates allowed for sufficient resolution, even with very short analysis time, to resolve the analytes of interest from similar compounds that would interfere with the assay. The use of dedicated, intelligent, software packages allowed for the user‐free generation of MS/MS conditions and the processing of the data. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A reactor for high‐temperature pyrolysis and oxygen isotopic analysis of cellulose via induction heating
Authors: Evans Michael N. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA reactor for converting cellulose into carbon monoxide for subsequent oxygen isotopic analysis via continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry is described. The system employs an induction heater to produce temperatures ≥1500°C within a molybdenum foil crucible positioned by boron nitride (BN) spacers within a quartz outer sleeve. For samples of a homogeneous working standard cellulose between 300 and 400 µg in size, the blank/signal ratio is <5%, and the long‐term precision is 0.30‰ (N = 232). For samples of 30 to 100 µg in size, a gas pressure sintered silicon nitride (Si3N4) outer sleeve replaces the quartz sleeve, the BN spacers are not used, and 6.0‐grade carrier He must be used to minimize the blank signal. With these modifications a blank/sample ratio of <5% and long‐term precision of 0.30‰ (N = 144) are obtained. These results are similar to those achieved using standard high‐temperature furnaces, but the reactor is simpler to pack, the system is more economical to run, and samples as small as 30 µg cellulose may be measured. For both reactors memory is significant in the subsequent sample and is believed to be due to exchange with reactor oxygen at temperatures above 1000°C. Further applications might include online preparation of other materials requiring temperatures of 1500–2600°C. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fade correlation and diversity effects in satellite broadcasting to mobile users in S‐band
Authors: Heuberger Albert 
Published: June 2008

AbstractIn this paper, we present measurement results for fade correlation in time and space of signals from two satellites in geostationary orbit with 30° separation. Fade data for urban, residential and rural environments are analyzed. In addition to fade cumulative distribution function, rice factor and coherence length of individual fade signals, also the joint probability density function and the cross‐correlation for the fade from the two satellites are presented. The coherence length of single satellite fades extends to about 18 m in the urban area and is around 2 m in the rural area. The correlation coefficient of dual satellite fades is below 0.3 in the residential and rural area. In the urban area larger correlations around 0.7 occur. Based on the measured fade data the diversity gain for various network configurations are determined by simulation for a forward error correction scheme using concatenated codes in combination with random interleavers. Network configurations of interest are single‐satellite space diversity, two‐satellite space diversity, one‐satellite time diversity and two‐satellite space and time diversity. For short interleavers of 5 m the diversity gain is in the residential area of 2.3 dB for the two‐satellite space diversity, 0.3 dB for one‐satellite time diversity and 4.1 dB for two‐satellite space and time diversity. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Second‐trimester routine ultrasound screening: expectations and experiences in a nationwide Swedish sample
Authors: Georgsson Öhman S. , Waldenström U. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate, in a large nationwide Swedish sample, pregnant women's expectations of the routine second‐trimester ultrasound examination, with participants expressing themselves in their own words, and to determine whether they had been given sufficient information about why and how the examination was performed, and about possible risks. We focused specifically on reasons for women not having a positive experience.MethodOf 4600 eligible Swedish‐speaking women, 3061 were recruited to the study in early pregnancy, during three 1‐week periods spread evenly over 1 year (1999–2000), and these women completed a questionnaire at a mean of 16 weeks' gestation. A follow‐up questionnaire at 2 months after delivery was completed by 2730 women. The representativeness of the sample was assessed by comparison with the total Swedish birth cohort of 1999.ResultsThe most prominent expectation about the up‐coming scan was confirmation that the baby was well, followed by confirmation that the pregnancy was real. Detailed information, such as date of delivery and sex of the baby, was mentioned less often, and very few wrote about the examination as an exciting and joyful experience. After the birth, a large majority was satisfied with information about why (88%) and how (87%) the examination was performed, but only 58% said they had received sufficient information about possible risks. 94% had a positive experience of the scan, and those who had not had more ambivalent feelings about their pregnancy. Women with negative feelings about the scan were more often single and of non‐Swedish background, and emotional problems were more common in this group.ConclusionWomen's expectations of the routine second‐trimester scan differ from those of caregivers, focusing on general reassurance rather than specific information. Level of satisfaction with the scan was high, but information given about risks could be improved. Women with ambivalent or negative feelings about pregnancy may have difficulties enjoying the examination. Copyright © 2008 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transobturator mesh for cystocele repair: a short‐ to medium‐term follow‐up using 3D/4D ultrasound
Authors: Shek K. L. , Dietz H. P. , Rane A. , Balakrishnan S. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractObjectiveAnterior colporrhaphy has been shown to have limited medium‐term success rates in cystocele repair. Many clinicians use mesh implants, but their safety and efficacy are controversial. We therefore performed an external surgical audit using three‐ and four‐dimensional pelvic floor ultrasound to study the short‐ to medium‐term results of transobturator mesh placement.MethodsForty‐six women who had undergone transobturator mesh anterior repair using the PerigeeTM system were invited back for a follow‐up appointment conducted by two non‐surgeons. The appointment consisted of a standardized interview, clinical examination using the International Continence Society Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification system (ICS POP‐Q) and translabial ultrasound examination.ResultsThe mean follow‐up time was 10 (range, 2–24) months. There had been no major intra‐ or postoperative complications. Thirty‐six (78%) patients were subjectively satisfied with the outcome of the procedure. Cystocele recurrence (Stage 2 or 3) was observed in six (13%) patients. There were three (6.5%) cases of mesh erosion. On translabial ultrasound, we observed cystocele recurrence dorsal to the mesh in five women, associated with a marked change in mesh axis on Valsalva, implying dislodgment of the superior anchoring arms. The mesh was measured at a mean of 21 (range, 8.8–37.3; SD, 7.0) mm in length.ConclusionsAt 10‐month follow‐up the Perigee procedure seems to be safe and effective for cystocele repair, with a satisfaction rate of 78%. In some women recurrence may occur due to dislodgment of the superior anchoring arms. Copyright © 2008 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crystal and Molecular Structure of [2,6‐(Me2NCH2)2C6H3]2SnF2, an Intramolecularly Coordinated Diorganotin Difluoride
Authors: Rotar Adina , Schürmann Markus , Varga Richard A. , Silvestru Cristian , Jurkschat Klaus 
Published: June 2008

AbstractSingle‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis of [2,6‐(Me2NCH2)2C6H3]2SnF2 reveals that only one of the two dimethylaminomethyl groups of each pincer‐type ligands [2,6‐(CH2NMe2)2C6H3]− is coordinated to the tin atom at Sn‐N distances of 2.576(2) and 2.470(2) Å, inducing chirality of the latter. The tin atom exhibits a distorted octahedral trans(C,C)cis(N,N)cis(F,F) configuration. Extensive intra‐ and intermolecular C‐H···F hydrogen bonding is observed with the latter giving rise to formation of polymeric chains.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of the Rubidium Scandium Telluride RbSc5Te8
Authors: Babo Jean‐Marie , Schleid Thomas 
Published: June 2008

AbstractDuring attempts to synthesize the rubidium dicopper triscandium hexatelluride RbCu2Sc3Te6 in analogy to CsCu2Sc3Te6 from 2:3:6‐molar mixtures of the elements (Cu, Sc and Te) with an excess of RbBr as flux and rubidium source, after 14 days at 900 °C in torch‐sealed evacuated silica tubes brown lath‐shaped crystals of RbSc5Te8 did form instead. This new compound crystallizes monoclinically in space group C2/m (no. 12) with two formula units in a unit cell of the dimensions a = 2130.61(9) pm, b = 413.94(2) pm, c = 1022.03(5) pm and β = 104.392(4)°. The crystal structure of RbSc5Te8 consists of a three‐dimensional anionic framework $^{3}_{\infty}\rm \{[Sc_{5}Te_{8}]^{-}\}$ of face‐, edge‐ and vertex‐sharing [ScTe6]9− octahedra that provides one‐dimensional tunnels with a distorted square shape. For charge compensation they are occupied with Rb+ cations (CN = 10) coordinated in a trans‐face bicapped cubic fashion by Te2− anions.
A New Complex as a Dimer of a Silver Ion with AMTTO and Phosphane Ligands. The Crystal Structure of {[(AMTTO)Ag(PPh3)2]NO3}2·0.5CH3OH·0.5H2O
Authors: Adhami Forogh , Tabatabaee Masomeh , Gassemzadeh Mitra , Neumüller Bernhard 
Published: June 2008

AbstractReaction of 4‐amino‐6‐methyl‐1,2,4‐triazine‐3‐thione‐5‐on (AMTTO) as a bidentate ligand with silver nitrate and triphenyl phosphine as the co‐ligand make the centrosymmetric dimeric complex {[(AMTTO)Ag(PPh3)2]NO3}2·0.5CH3OH·0.5H2O (1). 1 was characterized by elemental analyses, IR‐ and NMR spectroscopy as well as X‐ray diffraction studies. The silver atom in 1 has distorted tetrahedral coordination. 1 crystallizes in triclinic space group $P{\bar 1}$. Crystal data for 1 at −80 °C: a = 1185.8(1), b = 1314.6(1), c = 1385.3(1) pm, α = 97.78(1)°, β = 111.38(1)°, γ = 92.41(1)°, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0377.
A 2‐D 3d–4f Heterometallic Compound: Hydrothermal Synthesis, Structure and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Wang Ning , Yue Shan‐Tang , Liu Ying‐Liang 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA novel two‐dimensional 3d–4f heterometallic inorganic compound with the formula [CuII3GdIII(μ3‐OH)6(μ3‐SH)(SO4)(H2O)3] (1) was synthesized by treating gadolinium nitrate, copper chloride and DTSA under hydrothermal conditions. The structure was determined by X‐ray crystallography. The crystal is of orthorhombic, space group P212121 with a = 6.63090(1) Å, b = 11.3145(3) Å, c = 15.7869(3) Å, Cu3GdH13O13S2, M = 633.09, Z =4, V = 1184.42(4) Å3, F(000) = 1200, R1 = 0.0244 and ωR = 0.0522. The solid‐state dc magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed antiferromagnetic interactions between the paramagnetic metal center ions.
Synthesis and Characterization of Gallium(III) and Germanium(II) Chlorides Bearing the C6F5‐Substituted β‐Diketiminate HC[(CMe)(NC6F5)]2 Ligand
Authors: Yang Zhi , Ma Xiaoli , Roesky Herbert W. , Yang Ying , Zhu Hongping , Magull Jörg , Ringe Arne 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe germanium(II) and gallium(III) organochlorides containing the C6F5‐substituted β‐diketiminate ligand LGeCl (2) and LGaCl2 (3) (L = HC[(CMe)(NC6F5)]2) were synthesized. Salt elimination reactions of the C6F5‐substituted β‐diketiminato lithium salt with the corresponding germanium(II) and gallium(III) chlorides led to the organochlorides respectively. Compounds 2 and 3 were characterized by spectroscopic and elemental analyses, and 2 was further investigated by single crystal X‐ray structural analysis.
Synthesis and Chloride Affinity of Sterically Demanding Ditopic Lithium Bis(pyrazol‐1‐yl)borates
Authors: Morawitz Thorsten , Bolte Michael , Lerner Hans‐Wolfram , Wagner Matthias 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe synthesis and full characterization of the sterically demanding ditopic lithium bis(pyrazol‐1‐yl)borates Li2[p‐C6H4(B(Ph)pzR2)2] is reported (pzR = 3‐phenylpyrazol‐1‐yl (3Ph), 3‐t‐butylpyrazol‐1‐yl (3tBu)). Compound 3Ph crystallizes from THF as THF‐adduct 3Ph(THF)4 which features a straight conformation with a long Li···Li distance of 12.68(1) Å. Compound 3tBu was found to function as efficient and selective scavenger of chloride ions. In the presence of LiCl it forms anionic complexes [3tBuCl]− with a central Li‐Cl‐Li core (Li···Li = 3.75(1) Å).
[(bdp)FeBr]: Structural Determination of a Polymorphic Iron Chelate with an Open‐Chain Tetrapyrrolic Ligand
Authors: Bröring Martin , Köhler Silke 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBromido‐(3,3′,4,4′,8,8′,9,9′‐octaethyl‐2,2′‐bidipyrrinato)iron(III) crystallizes in two different polymorphs, space groups $P{\bar 1}$ and C2/c, with Z = 2 and 8, respectively, and slightly different densities. The Fe‐N and Fe‐Br bond lengths vary significantly with the polymorph indicating the presence of intermediate spin (S = 3/2) species admixed with different amounts of high spin (S = 5/2) iron(III) compounds in the triclinic resp. monoclinic form.