bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Independent associations of serum calcium with or without albumin adjustment and serum phosphorus with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: results from NHANES 1999-2018
Authors: Qi Haolong , Wang Bin , Zhu Lei 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundThe associations of serum calcium and phosphorus with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remain unclear. In addition, there may be an effect of albumin correction on the association between serum calcium and NAFLD. We aimed to explore these relationships in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).MethodsEligible adult individuals from NHANES 1999-2018 were recruited for the study. We explored the associations of serum calcium, albumin-adjusted serum calcium, and serum phosphorus with NAFLD in multivariable-adjusted regression models. In addition, restricted cubic spline (RCS), stratified analysis, and multiple sensitivity analyses were used for further elaboration.ResultsThe study sample consisted of 20,900 participants, with an observed NAFLD prevalence of 44.65%. Fully adjusted models indicated that serum calcium was inversely associated with NAFLD (odds ratio [OR] and 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.70 (0.62, 0.78), p&lt;0.0001), whereas albumin-adjusted serum calcium was positively associated with NAFLD (OR and 95% CI=1.59 (1.41, 1.79), p&lt;0.0001). RCS modeling indicated that serum calcium without and with albumin adjustment was linearly(p nonlinear = 0.083) and nonlinearly (p nonlinear &lt; 0.0001) associated with NAFLD, respectively, whereas serum phosphorus showed a U-shaped relationship with NAFLD(p nonlinear &lt; 0.0001). Gender is a significant influence in all associations, and other variables may also have an effect. Sensitivity analyses indicated that these associations were independent of additional significant confounders.ConclusionSerum calcium and phosphorus were significantly associated with the development of NAFLD. These findings suggest the potential clinical significance of serum calcium/phosphorus and albumin levels in individuals at high risk for NAFLD. Our study supports the potential role of serum calcium/phosphorus homeostasis in the pathophysiology of NAFLD and could serve as NAFLD-related biomarkers.
Early detection of myocardial involvement by non-contrast T1ρ mapping of cardiac magnetic resonance in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Shu Hongmin , Xu Huimin , Pan Zixiang , Liu Yan , Deng Wei , Zhao Ren , Sun Yan , Wang Zhen , Yang Jinxiu , Gao Hui , Yao Kaixuan , Zheng Jie , Yu Yongqiang , Li Xiaohu 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to determine the effectiveness of T1ρ in detecting myocardial fibrosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients by comparing with native T1 and extracellular volume (ECV) fraction.MethodsT2DM patients (n = 35) and healthy controls (n = 30) underwent cardiac magnetic resonance. ECV, T1ρ, native T1, and global longitudinal strain (GLS) values were assessed. Diagnostic performance was analyzed using receiver operating curves.ResultsThe global ECV and T1ρ of T2DM group (ECV = 32.1 ± 3.2%, T1ρ = 51.6 ± 3.8 msec) were significantly higher than those of controls (ECV = 26.2 ± 1.6%, T1ρ = 46.8 ± 2.0 msec) (all P &lt; 0.001), whether there was no significant difference in native T1 between T2DM and controls (P = 0.264). The GLS decreased significantly in T2DM patients compared with controls (−16.5 ± 2.4% vs. −18.3 ± 2.6%, P = 0.015). The T1ρ and native T1 were associated with ECV (Pearson’s r = 0.50 and 0.25, respectively, both P &lt; 0.001); the native T1, T1ρ, and ECV were associated with hemoglobin A1c (Pearson’s r = 0.41, 0.52, and 0.61, respectively, all P &lt; 0.05); and the ECV was associated with diabetes duration (Pearson’s r = 0.41, P = 0.016). The AUC of ECV, T1ρ, GLS, and native T1 were 0.869, 0.810, 0.659, and 0.524, respectively.ConclusionIn T2DM patients, T1ρ may be a new non-contrast cardiac magnetic resonance technique for identifying myocardial diffuse fibrosis, and T1ρ may be more sensitive than native T1 in the detection of myocardial diffuse fibrosis.
Effects of acute cannabidiol on behavior and the endocannabinoid system in HIV-1 Tat transgenic female and male mice
Authors: Yadav-Samudrala Barkha J. , Gorman Benjamin L. , Barmada Karenna M. , Ravula Havilah P. , Huguely Caitlin J. , Wallace E. Diane , Peace Michelle R. , Poklis Justin L. , Jiang Wei , Fitting Sylvia 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundSome evidence suggests that cannabidiol (CBD) has potential to help alleviate HIV symptoms due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Here we examined acute CBD effects on various behaviors and the endocannabinoid system in HIV Tat transgenic mice.MethodsTat transgenic mice (female/male) were injected with CBD (3, 10, 30 mg/kg) and assessed for antinociception, activity, coordination, anxiety-like behavior, and recognition memory. Brains were taken to quantify endocannabinoids, cannabinoid receptors, and cannabinoid catabolic enzymes. Additionally, CBD and metabolite 7-hydroxy-CBD were quantified in the plasma and cortex.ResultsTat decreased supraspinal-related nociception and locomotion. CBD and sex had little to no effects on any of the behavioral measures. For the endocannabinoid system male sex was associated with elevated concentration of the proinflammatory metabolite arachidonic acid in various CNS regions, including the cerebellum that also showed higher FAAH expression levels for Tat(+) males. GPR55 expression levels in the striatum and cerebellum were higher for females compared to males. CBD metabolism was altered by sex and Tat expression.ConclusionFindings indicate that acute CBD effects are not altered by HIV Tat, and acute CBD has no to minimal effects on behavior and the endocannabinoid system.
Stereotactic body radiotherapy as a viable treatment on extracranial oligometastases in melanoma patients: a retrospective multicentric study
Authors: Trentesaux Victorine , Maiezza Sophie , Bogart Emilie , Le Deley Marie-Cécile , Meyer Emmanuel , Vanquin Ludovic , Pasquier David , Mortier Laurent , Mirabel Xavier 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionStereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) potentially has a role in the management of oligometastatic melanoma. However, literature with data specific to this management is very limited. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the time to local control (LC) of extra-cranial melanoma metastases after SBRT treatment and to help establish if SBRT is a useful therapy for oligometastatic melanoma.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted with data collected from two referral centers in France between 2007 and 2020. The oligometastatic status of patients was reported based on the latest recommendations with a maximum of three lesions prior to treatment.ResultsA total of 69 patients receiving SBRT for 88 oligometastatic melanoma metastases were included. The median follow-up time was 42.6 months. Most patients were treated for metachronous oligometastatic lesions. Occurrence of oligoprogression, oligorecurrence, and oligopersistence was reported in 42.0%, 39.1%, and 17.4% of cases, respectively. Treated lesions were mostly pulmonary (40.6%), followed by lymph node (34.8%) and hepatic sites (24.6%). Progression-free survival at 1, 2, and 3 years were 47.0% (35-59), 27.0% (16-39), and 25.0% (15.0-37.0), respectively. Time to LC rates at 1, 2, and 3 years were 94.2% (87.0-98.1), 90.3% (81.3-96.1), and 90.3% (81.3-96.1), respectively. Overall survival at 1, 2, and 3 years were 87% (76.0-93.0), 74.0% (76.0-93.0), and 61.0% (47.0-73.0), respectively. Only 17.4% of patients experienced acute, grade 1 or grade 2 toxicities with no reports of grade 3 or higher toxicities.ConclusionSBRT demonstrated efficacy in managing melanoma patients with extracranial oligometastases and showed an overall low toxicity profile. Future randomized studies are needed to establish the role of SBRT in therapeutic approaches for patients with oligometastatic melanoma.
The radiomics-clinical nomogram for predicting the response to initial superselective arterial embolization in renal angiomyolipoma, a preliminary study
Authors: Zechuan Liu , Tianshi Lyu , Tiantian Li , Shoujin Cao , Hang Yao , Ziping Yao , Haitao Guan , Zeyang Fan , Yinghua Zou , Jian Wang 
Published: March 2024

PurposeThe aim of this study was to explore a radiomics-clinical model for predicting the response to initial superselective arterial embolization (SAE) in renal angiomyolipoma (RAML).Materials and methodsA total of 78 patients with RAML were retrospectively enrolled. Clinical data were recorded and evaluated. Radiomic features were extracted from preoperative contrast-enhanced CT (CECT). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and intra- and inter-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used in feature selection. Logistic regression analysis was performed to develop the radiomics, clinical, and combined models where the fivefold cross-validation method was used. The predictive performance and calibration were evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to measure clinical usefulness.ResultsThe tumor shrinkage rate was 29.7% in total, and both fat and angiomyogenic components were significantly reduced. In the radiomics model, 12 significant features were selected. In the clinical model, maximum diameter (p = 0.001), angiomyogenic tissue ratio (p = 0.032), aneurysms (p = 0.048), and post-SAE time (p = 0.002) were significantly associated with greater volume reduction after SAE. Because of the severe linear dependence between radiomics signature and some clinical parameters, the combined model eventually included Rad-score, aneurysm, and post-SAE time. The radiomics-clinical model showed better discrimination (mean AUC = 0.83) than the radiomics model (mean AUC = 0.60) and the clinical model (mean AUC = 0.82). Calibration curve and DCA showed the goodness of fit and clinical usefulness of the radiomics-clinical model.ConclusionsThe radiomics-clinical model incorporating radiomics features and clinical parameters can potentially predict the positive response to initial SAE in RAML and provide support for clinical treatment decisions.
The frequency and timing of sepsis-associated coagulopathy in the neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Aziz Khyzer B. , Saxonhouse Matthew , Mahesh Divya , Wheeler Kathryn E. , Wynn James L. 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionSepsis is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The frequency and severity of sepsis-associated coagulopathy as well as its relationship to illness severity are unclear.MethodsWe performed a single-center, retrospective, observational cohort study of all infants admitted to the University of Florida Health (UF Health), level IV NICU between January 1st 2012 to March 1st 2020 to measure the frequency of sepsis-associated coagulopathy as well as its temporal relationship to critical illness in the NICU population. All clinical data in the electronic health record were extracted and deposited into an integrated data repository that was used for this work.ResultsWe identified 225 new sepsis episodes in 216 patients. An evaluation for sepsis-associated coagulopathy was performed in 96 (43%) episodes. Gram-negative pathogen, nSOFA score at evaluation, and mortality were greater among episodes that included a coagulopathy evaluation compared with those that did not. Abnormal coagulation results were common (271/339 evaluations; 80%) and were predominantly prothrombin times. Intervention (plasma or cryoprecipitate) followed a minority (84/271; 31%) of abnormal results, occurred in 40/96 (42%) episodes that were often associated with &gt;1 intervention (29/40; 73%), and coincided with thrombocytopenia in 37/40 (93%) and platelet transfusion in 27/40 (68%). Shapley Additive Explanations modeling demonstrated strong predictive performance for the composite outcome of death and/or treatment for coagulopathy in neonates (f1 score 0.8, area under receiver operating characteristic curve 0.83 for those with abnormal coagulation values). The three most important features influencing the composite outcome of death or treatment for coagulopathy included administration of vasoactive medications, hematologic dysfunction assessed by the maximum nSOFA platelet score, and early sepsis (≤72 h after birth).ConclusionsA coagulopathy evaluation was performed in a minority of NICU patients with sepsis and was associated with greater illness severity and mortality. Abnormal results were common but infrequently associated with intervention, and intervention was contemporaneous with thrombocytopenia. The most important feature that influenced the composite outcome of death or treatment for coagulopathy was the administration of vasoactive-inotropic medications. These data help to identify NICU patients at risk of sepsis-associated coagulopathy.
A de novo chromosome-scale assembly of the Lablab purpureus genome
Authors: Pootakham Wirulda , Somta Prakit , Kongkachana Wasitthee , Naktang Chaiwat , Sonthirod Chutima , U-Thoomporn Sonicha , Yoocha Thippawan , Phadphon Poompat , Tangphatsornruang Sithichoke 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionLablab (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet), an underutilized tropical legume crop, plays a crucial role in global food and nutritional security. To enhance our understanding of its genetic makeup towards developing elite cultivars, we sequenced and assembled a draft genome of L. purpureus accession PK2022T020 using a single tube long fragment read (stLFR) technique.Results and discussionThe preliminary assembly encompassed 367 Mb with a scaffold N50 of 4.3 Mb. To improve the contiguity of our draft genome, we employed a chromatin contact mapping (Hi-C) approach to obtain a pseudochromosome-level assembly containing 366 Mb with an N50 length of 31.1 Mb. A total of 327.4 Mb had successfully been anchored into 11 pseudomolecules, corresponding to the haploid chromosome number in lablab. Our gene prediction recovered 98.4% of the highly conserved orthologs based on the Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO) analysis. Comparative analyses utilizing sequence information from single-copy orthologous genes demonstrated that L. purpureus diverged from the last common ancestor of the Phaseolus/Vigna species approximately 27.7 million years ago. A gene family expansion analysis revealed a significant expansion of genes involved in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Our high-quality chromosome-scale reference assembly provides an invaluable genomic resource for lablab genetic improvement and future comparative genomics studies among legume species.
Examining the impact of a restorative breath-based intervention “Sudarshan Kriya Yoga” at work: a field experiment
Authors: Chhajer Raina , Dagar Chirag 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundHuman capital plays a crucial role in the success of an organization and further contributes to the broader goals of growth and development of society. In this regard, it is essential to ensure the well-being of employees at the workplace. Given the positive impact of yoga on psycho-physiological aspects of health, this study aims to examine the impact of a breath-based yogic intervention, Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY), on stress, anxiety, thriving, general health, emotional well-being, social well-being, and psychological well-being among employees of a leading manufacturing firm in India.MethodsUndertaking a randomized-control experiment design (n = 64), we examined the impact of SKY on stress, anxiety, thriving, general health, and emotional, social, and psychological well-being. Two certified instructors conducted the SKY intervention in a retreat format over 3 days.ResultsThe analysis demonstrated positive outcomes across various aspects of participants’ well-being, i.e., it significantly reduced their stress and anxiety and increased the levels of thriving, general health, and emotional, social, and psychological well-being. These findings are valuable for understanding the potential benefits of the SKY intervention.DiscussionThe findings provide support for considering SKY as a potential well-being intervention for employers at the workplace and society at large. Further exploration, implementation, and research in diverse contexts will be crucial to fully understand the long-term impact and scalability of the SKY intervention in promoting holistic well-being.
Community-based Health Planning and Services programme in Ghana: a systematic review
Authors: Adusei Abena Boahemaa , Bour Helen , Amu Hubert , Afriyie Augustine 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionGhana established Community-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) as the primary point of contact for primary healthcare in 1999. CHPS has since emerged as the country’s primary strategy for providing close-to-client healthcare delivery, with numerous positive health outcomes recorded as a result of its implementation. There is, however currently a paucity of systematic reviews of the literature on CHPS. The purpose of this study was not only to investigate dominant trends and research themes in Community-based Health Planning and Services, but also to track the evolution of the CHPS intervention from its inception to the present.MethodWe adopted a systematic review approach for selected articles that were searched on Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus databases. The study was conducted and guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. We then applied a reflexive thematic analysis approach in synthesizing the results.ResultsThe search resulted in 127 articles of which 59 were included in the final review. Twenty (20) papers targeted the national level, eighteen (18) for the regional level, sixteen (16) for the district level, two (2) for the sub-district level, and three (3) papers targeted the community. The years 2017 and 2019 were recorded to be the years with the highest number of publications on CHPS in Ghana.ConclusionCommunity-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) is an effective tool in addressing barriers and challenges to accessing quality and affordable health care causing significant effects on health. It provides close-to-client healthcare delivery in the community.
Outcomes of kidneys used for transplantation: an analysis of survival and function
Authors: Pruett Timothy L. , Martin Paola , Gupta Diwakar 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionKidney transplant recipients expect to survive the procedure with sufficient renal function for reliable dialysis freedom.MethodsTransplant outcomes (survival and estimated renal function) were assessed after live and deceased donor transplantation from the US national database. Outcomes were stratified by age (donor and recipient) and donor type.ResultsAggregate recipient outcomes were better transplanting living vs deceased donated kidneys. However, when stratified by the one-year renal function (within KDIGO CKD stage stratifications), surviving recipients had clinically similar dialysis-freedom, irrespective of donor type or age. The major outcome differences for recipients of age-stratified live and deceased kidneys was 1) the increasing frequency of one-year graft failures and 2) the increasing likelihood of severely limited renal function (CKD 4/5) with advancing donor age. Over 30% of recipients of deceased kidneys &gt;65 years had either one-year graft failure or severely limited renal function contrasted to less than 15% of recipients of live kidneys aged &gt;65 years.ConclusionsEvolving techniques to reduce adverse events after urgent vs elective procedures, plus improved transplant outcome predictability with increased-age deceased donor kidneys using advanced predictive analytics (using age-stratified live kidney transplantation outcomes as a relevant reference point) should facilitate similar kidney transplant outcomes, irrespective of donor type.
Post-COVID-19 physical and cognitive impairments and associations with quality of life: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Rahimi Fatemeh , Saadat Maryam , Hessam Masumeh , Ravanbakhsh Majid , Monjezi Saeideh 
Published: March 2024

Background and objectiveThis study aimed to compare physical and cognitive functions between post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) participants and healthy matched controls and investigate associations between physical and cognitive impairments with quality of life.MethodsTwenty-three post-COVID-19 participants and 23 age and sex-matched healthy people without a history of COVID-19 were included. Physical function was assessed using the Medical Research Council Sum Score (MRC-SS), 2 min Step Test, Modified Borg Scale, and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) Test. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Trail Making Test (TMT), and Stroop test, and the quality of life was evaluated using the Euro Quality of Life-5 Dimensions-3 Levels (EQ-5D-3l) questionnaire. Assessments were performed by a physical therapist in one session.ResultsMann-Whitney U test showed that in the post-COVID-19 group, compared to the control group, the number of steps in the 2 min Step Test (p &lt; 0.001, ES = 0.57) and the scores of the SPPB (p = 0.03, ES = 0.32), MoCA (p = 0.003, ES = 0.44), Stroop test (p &lt; 0.001, ES = 0.75), and the EQ-5D-3l visual analog scale (p = 0.027, ES = 0.32) were significantly lower. In addition, the Modified Borg Scale score (p &lt; 0.001, ES = 0.6), TMT-A (p = 0.013, ES = 0.36) and TMT-B (p = 0.016, ES = 0.35) times, and the Stroop time (p &lt; 0.001, ES = 0.61) were significantly higher in the post-COVID-19 group. There were no significant between-group differences in the MRC-SS score (p = 0.055, ES = 0.28). Furthermore, there were significant moderate to high associations between physical and cognitive functions and the quality of life in post-COVID-19 participants.ConclusionsOn average 4 months after symptomatic COVID-19, post-COVID-19 participants had significant impairments in physical and cognitive functions compared to healthy matched controls that were significantly correlated with the quality of life. These findings highlight the need for a comprehensive assessment to plan appropriate management strategies.
Causas múltiplas de morte em adultos relacionadas à obesidade no Estado de Sergipe, Brasil
Authors: Aguiar Amanda Martins , Bohland Anna Klara 
Published: March 2024

Objetivo. Descrever a obesidade em adultos segundo causa múltipla de óbito, em Sergipe (Brasil), de 2016 a 2020. Métodos. Estudo descritivo, com informações do Sistema de Informações de Mortalidade. Para análise, foi utilizado o Epi-Info. Resultados. Do total de 64120 óbitos de maiores de 20 anos ocorridos no período, foram selecionados 625, que corresponderam a óbitos em que constasse a obesidade na Declaração de Óbito. Os capítulos do Aparelho Circulatório (31,9%), das Endócrinas, Nutricionais e Metabólicas (28,3%) e das Infecciosas e Parasitárias (22,2%) foram os mais relacionados à obesidade. O número de causas por declaração mais frequente foi quatro (27,1%). O coeficiente de mortalidade (por 100.000 habitantes) foi maior nas mulheres (9,9), na idade de 80 anos e mais (49,6) e residentes na capital (11,6). O percentual foi maior entre os que tiveram escolaridade até o fundamental completo (42,9%), de cor/raça parda (59,4%), que viviam sem companheiro (54,2%), e ocorreram em hospitais (72,3%). Conclusão. Utilizando a metodologia de causas múltiplas, o total de óbitos por obesidade quintuplicou no período do estudo, apontando um aumento dos casos de óbitos em que constasse a obesidade, de 6,6, em 2016, para 17,2 por 100.000 habitantes maiores de 20 anos, em 2020.