bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the global gene expression profiles produced by methylparaben, n‐butylparaben and 17β‐oestradiol in MCF7 human breast cancer cells
Authors: Pugazhendhi D. , Sadler A. J. , Darbre P. D. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractSince the alkyl esters of p‐hydroxybenzoic acid (parabens) can be measured intact in the human breast and possess oestrogenic properties, it has been suggested that they could contribute to an aberrant burden of oestrogen signalling in the human breast and so play a role in the rising incidence of breast cancer. However, although parabens have been shown to regulate a few single genes (reporter genes, pS2, progesterone receptor) in a manner similar to that of 17β‐oestradiol, the question remains as to the full extent of the similarity in the overall gene profile induced in response to parabens compared with 17β‐oestradiol. The GE‐Amersham CodeLink 20 K human expression microarray system was used to profile the expression of 19881 genes in MCF7 human breast cancer cells following a 7‐day exposure to 5 × 10−4 m methylparaben, 10−5 m n‐butylparaben and 10−8 m 17β‐oestradiol. At these concentrations, the parabens gave growth responses in MCF7 cells of similar magnitude to 17β‐oestradiol. The study identified genes which are upregulated or downregulated to a similar extent by methylparaben, n‐butylparaben and 17β‐oestradiol. However, the majority of genes were not regulated in the same way by all three treatments. Some genes responded differently to parabens from 17β‐oestradiol, and furthermore, differences in expression of some genes could be detected even between the two individual parabens. Therefore, although parabens possess oestrogenic properties, their mimicry in terms of global gene expression patterns is not perfect and differences in gene expression profiles could result in consequences to the cells that are not identical to those following exposure to 17β‐oestradiol. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Boys will be boys: a pre‐line‐up gameplay has beneficial effects on boys' but not girls' identification performance
Authors: Rassin Eric , Van Der Sleen Jannie , Van Amelsvoort Adri G. , Buttinger Eveline 
Published: November 2006

AbstractFifty children, aged between 4 and 7 years, underwent a sequential photo line‐up procedure in order to identify a man they had met the previous day. Half of the participants engaged in a pre‐procedure gameplay with the female interviewer. It was hypothesised that the game would stimulate rapport building and would ultimately result in an increased performance during the line‐up procedure. The beneficial effect was indeed observed, but only for the male participants. This finding suggests that gameplay may be a fruitful strategy to decrease child witness discomfort and to increase participation. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vibrational spectra of clioquinol and its Cu(II) complex
Authors: Wagner Claudia C. , Calvo Selene , Torre María H. , Baran Enrique J. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe infrared and Raman spectra of 5‐chloro‐7‐iodo‐8‐hydroxyquinoline (clioquinol, CQ) and that of its Cu(II) complex of stoichiometry [Cu(CQ)2] were recorded and briefly discussed. Some comparisons were made with related complexes. The interest of the investigated systems in relation to Alzheimer's disease is briefly commented. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A comparative study of the hypoplasticity and the fabric‐dependent dilatant double shearing models for granular materials
Authors: Zhu Huaning , Mehrabadi Morteza M. , Massoudi Mehrdad 
Published: November 2006

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the mechanical response of granular materials and compare the predictions of a hypoplastic model with that of a recently developed dilatant double shearing model which includes the effects of fabric. We implement the constitutive relations of the dilatant double shearing model and the hypoplastic model in the finite element program ABACUS/Explicit and compare their predictions in the triaxial compression and cyclic shear loading tests. Although the origins and the constitutive relations of the double shearing model and the hypoplastic model are quite different, we find that both models are capable of capturing typical behaviours of granular materials. This is significant because while hypoplasticity is phenomenological in nature, the double shearing model is based on a kinematic hypothesis and microstructural considerations, and can easily be calibrated through standard tests. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Accelerating the convergence of coupled geomechanical‐reservoir simulations
Authors: Jeannin L. , Mainguy M. , Masson R. , Vidal‐Gilbert S. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe pressure variations during the production of petroleum reservoir induce stress changes in and around the reservoir. Such changes of the stress state can induce marked deformation of geological structures for stress sensitive reservoirs as chalk or unconsolidated sand reservoirs. The compaction of those reservoirs during depletion affects the pressure field and so the reservoir productivity. Therefore, the evaluation of the geomechanical effects requires to solve in a coupling way the geomechanical problem and the reservoir multiphase fluid flow problem. In this paper, we formulate the coupled geomechanical‐reservoir problem as a non‐linear fixed point problem and improve the resolution of the coupling problem by comparing in terms of robustness and convergence different algorithms. We study two accelerated algorithms which are much more robust and faster than the conventional staggered algorithm and we conclude that they should be used for the iterative resolution of coupled reservoir‐geomechanical problem. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predicting implantation with a neuromodulator using two different test stimulation techniques: A prospective randomized study in urge incontinent women
Authors: Borawski Kristy M. , Foster Raymond T. , Webster George D. , Amundsen Cindy L. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractAimsThe purpose of this study was to determine whether a percutaneous needle electrode (PNE) technique or a surgical first stage lead placement (FSLP) better predicted whether a patient would progress to implantation of a pulse generator (IPG) in older urge incontinent women.MethodsThirty subjects ≥55 years with refractory urge incontinence who had been selected to undergo a test stimulation procedure were randomized to either PNE or FSLP. Thirteen underwent PNE placement and seventeen underwent FSLP placement. If during the test stimulation period subjects had greater than 50% improvement in their incontinence parameters they qualified for permanent lead and/or IPG implantation of the Interstim® device.ResultsTwenty‐one subjects (70%) responded to the test stimulation and underwent implantation, 15/17 (88%) in the FSLP group and 6/13 (46%) in the PNE group. Subjects who were randomized to the FSLP group were significantly more likely to proceed to implantation of the IPG (P = 0.02) than those in the PNE group. There was no significant difference in demographics, pre‐test stimulation incontinence parameters or post‐stimulation visual analog pain scores between the randomized groups or between test stimulation responders and non‐responders. When comparing FSLP and PNE responders, there was no significant difference in the percent improvement in 24‐hr pad weight, daily pad usage, or daily incontinence.ConclusionFSLP better predicted progression to implantation of the IPG than a test stimulation with a PNE in an older urge incontinent cohort. Neurourol. Urodynam. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In vivo analysis of the post‐natal development of normal mouse brain by DTI
Authors: Larvaron Pierre , Boespflug‐Tanguy Odile , Renou Jean‐Pierre , Bonny Jean‐Marie 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe water diffusion characteristics of wild‐type mouse brains have been studied in vivo by DTI to follow developmental changes. Here, axial (λ//) and radial (λ⟂) diffusivities and fractional anisotropy were measured from the fifth day of life (P5) and at three other post‐natal ages (P12, P19 and P54). Magnetic resonance images were collected from a single sagittal slice in the middle of the two hemispheres; ROI were chosen in nine different structures of both grey and white matter. Fractional anisotropy (FA) from P5 onwards distinguished structures of both white and grey matter, even though myelination had yet to occur. Between P5 and P54, a significant increase in FA was observed in the genu of the corpus callosum due to a significant decrease in λ⟂ whereas λ// remained stable. Many other significant variations of λ// and λ⟂ were measured in different structures. They were substantially correlated with axon and myelin maturation which are responsible for the main evolutions of the brain during its post‐natal development. These quantitative data show that in vivo characterization of the anatomy and microstructure of the normal mouse brain during development is possible. The normative data will greatly improve the characterization of abnormal development in the transgenic mouse brain. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pharmacokinetic evaluation of darbepoetin alfa for the treatment of pediatric patients with chemotherapy‐induced anemia
Authors: Blumer Jeffrey , Berg Stacey , Adamson Peter C. , Loew Thomas , Rossi Greg , Hastings Caroline 
Published: November 2006

AbstractBackgroundCancer patients undergoing chemotherapy often develop anemia, which can increase the risk for transfusions and fatigue. The recombinant erythropoiesis‐stimulating agent darbepoetin alfa can effectively treat chemotherapy‐induced anemia (CIA) in adults, but limited data are available regarding its use in pediatric cancer patients. The goals of this phase 1, open‐label, uncontrolled study were to assess the pharmacokinetic profile and safety of darbepoetin alfa in pediatric patients with CIA.ProcedurePediatric patients with nonmyeloid malignancies and CIA received up to six doses of darbepoetin alfa 2.25 mcg/kg subcutaneously. After the first dose, the pharmacokinetic properties of darbepoetin alfa were assessed during a 14‐day sampling period. All subsequent doses were given weekly with predose blood samples collected before study drug administration.ResultsAfter a single dose of darbepoetin alfa, the mean (SD) peak serum concentration was 10.5 (3) ng/ml, and the median time to peak concentration was 71.4 hr. Darbepoetin alfa exhibited a mean (SD) terminal half‐life of 49.4 (32) hr. Upon repeated weekly administration, no evidence of darbepoetin alfa accumulation was observed though there was high intra‐ and inter‐individual variability. In addition, darbepoetin alfa was well tolerated; some study patients experienced increases in hemoglobin.ConclusionsThe pharmacokinetic profile of darbepoetin alfa indicated that it was slowly absorbed and exhibited a long terminal half‐life in these pediatric study patients with CIA. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007;49:687–693. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Host–guest interactions in cyclodextrin inclusion complexes with solvatochromic dyes
Authors: Tirapegui Cristian , Jara Francisco , Guerrero Juan , Rezende Marcos Caroli 
Published: November 2006

AbstractHost–guest interactions of α‐, β‐, and γ‐cyclodextrin with three solvatochromic dyes derived from barbituric and Meldrum's acids, 5‐(4‐N,N‐dimethylaminobenzylidene)‐1,3‐dimethyl‐2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)‐ pyrimidinetrione (1), 5‐[bis(4‐N,N‐dimethylaminophenyl)methylene]‐1,3‐dimethyl‐2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)‐pyrimidinetrione (2), and 5‐(4‐N,N‐dimethylaminobenzylidene)‐2,2‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxane‐4,6‐dione (3), were studied by UV–visible and 1H‐NMR spectroscopic methods, and the obtained results compared with molecular dynamics simulations employing the linear interaction energy (LIE) protocol. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Controlled charging of the same single quantum dot from +6e to ‐8e: emission, shell filling and configuration interactions
Authors: Ediger M. , Karrai K. , Badolato A. , Petroff P. M. , Warburton R. J. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractWe present photoluminescence spectra from single InAs/GaAs quantum dots embedded in a Schottky diode heterostructure. The pronounced Coulomb blockade can be exploited to change the exciton charge in discrete steps from +6e to ‐8e via an applied gate voltage. The results demonstrate a number of effects. The spectra of highly negatively charged excitons are dominated by configuration interactions in the final state, a viewpoint supported by few‐electron calculations based on a harmonic oscillator potential. The positively charged excitons on the other hand show a very different behavior that can only be explained by taking strong spin‐orbit coupling for the holes into account. Particularly, a hole charging sequence is revealed that defies Hund's rule as well as the Aufbau principle. Finally, photoluminescence from excited states offers direct access to the hole quantization energy. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Narrowing of ground energy level distribution in an array of InAs/AlAs QDs by post grown annealing
Authors: Shamirzaev T. S. , Kalagin A. K. , Toropov A. I. , Gutakovskii A. K. , Zhuravlev K. S. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe effect of a post growth annealing on the structure and photoluminescence (PL) of InAs/AlAs quantum dots has been studied. The annealing at temperatures below 650 ºC does not effect the PL spectrum, while a blue shift as large as 400 meV and a significant narrowing of the QD PL band are observed at annealing temperatures in the range 650–950 ºC. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrates that the changes in the PL spectrum are accompanied by an increase in the average QD size and its dispersion. The blue shift and narrowing are explained by a shift of the QD energy levels towards the level of a shallow quantum well as a result of interdiffusion. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optical fine structure of II‐VI and III‐V nanocrystals: the role of d orbitals in a tight‐binding approach
Authors: Díaz J. G. , Bryant G. W. , Jaskólski W. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe electronic structure of GaAs and CdSe nanocrystals is studied by using a nearest neighbor tight‐binding model extended to include d orbitals. Our results show that the inclusion of d orbitals in a minimal basis set is necessary for a proper description of the lowest electron states, especially in the strong confinement regime. We have checked that simpler sp 3s * models yield an incorrect description of electron states made from bulk band‐states away from the Brillouin zone center. For GaAs nanocrystals with sizes below 2.5 nm, the d model predicts that the ground electron state is primarily built of L‐point band‐states, giving the nanocrystal an indirect‐gap character. The sp 3d 5 model also explains successfully the evolution of the absorption peaks in CdSe nanocrystals with confinement. We provide an interpretation of the fine band‐edge structure based on an orbital‐forbidden dark exciton mechanism, which is in agreement, for the first time, with both the resonant and non‐resonant experimental Stokes shifts. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Enhanced shot noise in tunneling through coupled self‐assembled InAs quantum dots
Authors: Barthold P. , Hohls F. , Maire N. , Pierz K. , Haug R. J. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractWe present measurements of the shot noise of vertically coupled self‐assembled InAs quantum dots (QDs) and find a surprising enhancement with a distinct double‐peak structure.1By applying an external bias voltage we observe pronounced peaks in the dc current–voltage characteristics that correspond to electron transport through a stack of vertically coupled QDs. At these peaks we find enhanced shot noise in contrast to suppressed shot noise at a single layer of QDs.To characterize the measured shot noise S the so‐called Fano factor α is introduced. At both sides of the current peak the Fano factor α rises to values up to 1.4, whereas the noise is reduced on top of the peak (α < 1). We discuss qualitative agreement with a theoretical model which predict such a super‐Poissonian shot noise. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Evidence for excitonic polarons in InAs/GaAs quantum dots
Authors: Preisler V. , Grange T. , Ferreira R. , de Vaulchier L. A. , Guldner Y. , Teran F. J. , Potemski M. , Lemaître A. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractWe investigate the interband transitions in several ensembles of self‐assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots by using photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy under strong magnetic field. Well defined resonances are observed in the spectra. Astrong anticrossing between two transitions is observed in all samples, which cannot be accounted for by a purely excitonic model. The coupling between the mixed exciton‐LO phonon states is calculated using the Fröhlich Hamiltonian. The excitonic polaron energies as well as the oscillator strengths of the interband transitions are determined. An anticrossing is predicted when two exciton‐LO phonon states have close enough energies with phonon occupations which differ by one. Agood agreement is found between the calculations and the experimental data evidencing the existence of excitonic polarons. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Ground state transition energies of electron and hole in biased InxGa1–xN/GaN quantum dots
Authors: Turki‐BenAli Y. , Bennaceur R. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractWe are interested in our study of the III‐V nitrides to the InxGa1–xN/GaN quantum dots, where x = 17.5% denotes the indium concentration. The adopted model to describe these III‐V nitride quantum dots is that of InxGa1–xN truncated cones of radius rc lying on wetting layer, both buried into GaN matrix. This model is consistent with recent experimental works. We examine the internal electric field and radius rc of the quantum dots effects on the ground state transition energies of the electron and the hole. Our results are in sound agreement with recent experimental data. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A semiconducting nanotube quantumdot: effect of the form of the confinement potential
Authors: Roy Mervyn , Maksym P. A. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe states of a few (2‐6) interacting electrons in a semiconducting carbon nanotube quantum dot are investigated for two extremes of the quantum dot confinement potential: harmonic and hard wall. The interacting electron states are calculated by exact diagonalisation of a single band, effective mass Hamiltonian, then the quantum dot addition energies and few particle densities are compared for the two types of confinement. By changing the harmonic confinement strength the system can be driven between the strongly and weakly correlated regimes, whereas for hard wall confinement the electrons are almost always strongly correlated. With hard wall or weak harmonic confinement the electrons localise and form Wigner crystal‐like states. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry fingerprinting of perfumes: rapid classification and counterfeit detection
Authors: Marques Lygia de Azevedo , Catharino Rodrigo Ramos , Bruns Roy E. , Eberlin Marcos N. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractA fast procedure to classify perfumes and identify counterfeit samples is described. Dilution of a few µL of the sample in a 1:1 methanol/water solution is followed by detection of its major polar components via direct infusion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) in the positive ion mode. As proof‐of‐principle cases, three famous brands of perfumes were used. The ESI(+)‐MS fingerprints of authentic samples were very characteristic, showing distinctive sets of polar markers for each sample. Principal component analysis (PCA) placed samples of the three perfume brands in well‐defined groups. Counterfeit samples were also clearly detected owing to contrasting ESI‐MS fingerprints, with PCA placing these samples far away from the authentic samples. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
‘On‐the‐fly’ hydrogen/deuterium exchange liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry using a dual‐sprayer atmospheric pressure ionisation source
Authors: Wolff Jean‐Claude , Laures Alice M.‐F. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractIn‐source ‘on‐the‐fly’ hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) has been investigated. The work was performed using a dual‐sprayer source. The analyte was introduced through an electrospray ionisation sprayer and D2O was introduced through an atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation sprayer. To achieve H/D exchange sufficient to determine the number of exchangeable H atoms of a compound, a saturated ‘steady‐state’ D2O atmosphere had to be created in the ion source by having a 2:1 or higher D2O‐to‐analyte flow rate ratio. Under these conditions H/D exchange levels of 32–90% were achieved. In most cases the H/D exchange was sufficient to measure the number of exchangeable H atoms in some antiulcerative and anthelmintic pharmaceuticals. The concept of in‐source ‘on‐the‐fly’ H/D exchange by introducing the deuterating agent via a second sprayer has been shown. It allows the integrity of the chromatographic separation to be kept, since the H/D exchange takes place post‐separation. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The scent of urine spots of male mice, Mus musculus: changes in chemical composition over time
Authors: Cavaggioni Andrea , Mucignat‐Caretta Carla , Redaelli Marco , Zagotto Giuseppe 
Published: November 2006

AbstractA dominant male mouse scent‐marks his territory very frequently by emitting small urinary spots. The urine spots release in the air a variety of odorants that transmit different information to other mice, especially those concerning the time of deposition. To investigate this effect, small spots of urine of a dominant male mouse were left to freely release the odorants in the air for time intervals ranging from 0 min to 24 h prior to sampling. Thereupon, the odorants remaining in the spot were sampled at diffusion equilibrium (45°C) in a small vial by means of headspace solid‐phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography coupled to flame ionisation detection and mass spectrometry. Thirteen odorants were consistently found. Nine odorants were identified and four were matched. The rate of release of each odorant was characteristic and was described using principal component analysis. A first principal component was based on nine early odorants that showed a decreasing release over time. The odorants were 2,4‐dehydro‐exo‐brevicomin, an unknown with 78% matching to 4‐acetonilcycloheptanone, linalool, 2,4‐dimethyl‐phenol, 4‐ethylphenol, indole, 2‐butyl‐1‐octanol, an unknown with 83% matching to 2‐ethyl‐1‐decanol, and 2,4‐bis‐(1,1‐dimethylethyl)phenol. A second principal component, based on two unknowns with 73% matching to yohimban‐17‐one and 71% matching to the 2‐methyl‐3‐hydroxy‐2,4,4‐trimethyl ester of propanoic acid, had an irregular release after deposition. A third principal component of late odorants, based on 2‐sec‐butyl‐4,5‐dihydrothiazole and 6,10‐dimethyl‐5,9‐undecaden‐2‐one, had a peak of release at about 22 min. In conclusion, the release of the odorants in the headspace of a urine spot may code and transmit information on the deposition time. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.