bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study on the age, growth, and mortality of Gobio huanghensis (Luo, Le & Chen, 1977) in the Gansu and Ningxia sections of the upper Yellow River, China
Authors: Li Peilun , Liu Jiacheng , Liu Yanbin , Wang Tai , Liu Kai , Wang Jilong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBalkgroundGobio huanghensisis a small economic fish endemic to the Yellow River at the junction of the Tibetan Plateau and the Huangtu Plateau in China. To understand the impact of environmental changes and human activities on the ecological structure of theG. huanghensispopulation, a comparative study was conducted on the age composition, growth characteristics, mortality rate, and exploitation rate of theG. huanghensispopulations in the Gansu and Ningxia sections of the upper Yellow River.ResultsDuring the investigation, a total of 1147 individuals were collected, with 427 individuals collected from the Gansu section and 720 individuals from the Ningxia section. The results showed thatG. huanghensisin the Gansu section exhibited a total length ranging from 5.00 to 22.80 cm, with an average of 12.68 ± 4.03 cm. In the Ningxia section, the total length ofG. huanghensisranged from 2.15 to 20.65 cm, with an average of 9.48 ± 3.56 cm. The age composition ofG. huanghensisin the Gansu section ranged from 1 to 7 years, where female fish were observed between 1 and 7 years old, and male fish between 1 and 6 years old. In the Ningxia section, both female and male fish ranged from 1 to 5 years old. The relationships between total length and body weight were (Gansu section,R2= 0.9738) and (Ningxia section,R2 = 0.9686), indicating that fish in the Gansu section exhibit positive allometric growth, while fish in the Ningxia section exhibit negative allometric growth. The von Bertalanffy growth equation revealed thatG. huanghensisin the Gansu section exhibited an asymptotic total lengthL∞of 27.426 cm with a growth coefficientKof 0.225 yr−1, while in the Ningxia section, the asymptotic total lengthL∞was 26.945 cm with a growth coefficientKof 0.263 yr−1. The total mortality rate (Z) values ofG. huanghensiswere 0.7592 yr and 1.1529 yr in the Gansu section and Ningxia section, respectively. The average natural mortality rate (M), estimated by three different methods, in the Gansu section was 0.4432 yr, while it was 0.5366 yr in the Ningxia section. The exploitation rate (E) ofG. huanghensiswas 0.4163 in the Gansu section and 0.5345 in the Ningxia section, indicating that the population in the Ningxia section may have been overexploited.ConclusionProlonged fishing pressures and environmental changes may have led to variations in the ecological parameters of theG. huanghensispopulation between the Gansu and Ningxia sections.
Factors associated with social participation among community-dwelling frail older adults in Japan: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Anzai Saori , Ohsugi Hironori , Shiba Yoshitaka 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
In recent years, it has become clear that participation in social activities by the older adult suppresses their need for long-term care. Likewise, social participation can promote long-term care prevention among frail older adults who are at a higher risk of needing long-term care. However, their social participation rate is low, and the factors causing these low rates of participation are unclear. Therefore, this study identifies the factors affecting social participation of frail older adults.

Methods
After excluding those certified as requiring long-term care, 28,636 older adults within the target region were selected to receive questionnaires. The questionnaires were distributed and collected via mail. A total of 22,048 respondents (77.0%), including 9,325 men and 10,150 women, were included; 2,655 frail older adults were identified for analysis. Questionnaire items inquired about social participation, basic attributes, need for long-term care, mobility, subjective health, direct and indirect contact with relatives living separately and direct and indirect contact with friends and neighbors. For the statistical analysis, this study employed a binomial logistic regression analysis with social participation as the objective variable.

Results
The rate of social participation among frail older adults was 13.7%. Items related to social participation included sex, economic status, mobility, subjective health, direct contact with friends, and indirect contact with friends.

Conclusions
Interactions with friends and neighbors and physical functionality are correlated with levels of social participation among frail older adults, suggesting that social participation can be promoted by maintaining friendships, forming new ones, and maintaining and improving physical functionality.
Cutaneous melanoma in older patients
Authors: Buja Alessandra , Rugge Massimo , Trevisiol Chiara , Zanovello Anna , Brazzale Alessandra Rosalba , Zorzi Manuel , Vecchiato Antonella , Del Fiore Paolo , Tropea Saveria , Rastrelli Marco , Rossi Carlo Riccardo , Mocellin Simone 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
In industrialized countries, the aging population is steadily rising. The incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) is highest in old people. This study focuses on the clinicopathological profile of CMM and indicators of diagnostic-therapeutic performance in older patients.

Methods
This retrospective population-based cohort study included 1,368 incident CMM, as recorded in 2017 by the Regional Veneto Cancer Registry (Northeast Italy). Older subjects were defined as ≥ 80, old as 65–79, and adults as < 65 years of age. The strength of association between pairs of variables was tested by Cramer’s-V. Using age groups as the dependent variable, ordered logistic regression was fitted using the clinicopathological CMM profiles as covariates. In each of the three age-groups, the indicators of clinical performance were computed using the Clopper-Pearson exact method.

Results
Compared to patients aged younger than 80 years (1,187), CMM in older patients (181; 13.2%) featured different CMM topography, a higher prevalence of ulcers (43.3% versus 12.7%; p < 0.001), a higher Breslow index (p < 0.001), a lower prevalence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (64.4% versus 76.5%, p < 0.01), and a more advanced pTNM stage at clinical presentation (p < 0.001). Elderly patients with a positive sentinel-lymph node less frequently underwent sentinel- lymph node biopsy and lymphadenectomy (60.0% versus 94.2%, and 44.4% versus 85.5%, respectively; p < 0.001).

Conclusions
In older CMM patients, the clinicopathological presentation of CMM shows a distinctive profile. The present results provide critical information to optimize secondary prevention strategies and refine diagnostic-therapeutic procedures tailored to older patients.
A dengue virus infection in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nigussie Eshetu , Atlaw Daniel , Negash Getahun , Gezahegn Habtamu , Baressa Girma , Tasew Alelign , Zembaba Demisu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Dengue is caused by a positive-stranded RNA virus called dengue virus, which is spread by Aedes mosquito species. It is a fast-growing acute febrile disease with potentially lethal consequences that is a global public health problem, mostly in tropical and subtropical countries. In Ethiopia, dengue fever is understudied, although the virus is still being transmitted and viral infection rates are rising. This systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed at estimating the pooled prevalence of DENV infection in Ethiopia.

Methods
A literature search was done on the PubMed, Hinari and Google Scholar databases to identify studies published before July, 2023. Random effects and fixed effects models were used to estimate the pooled prevalence of all three markers. The Inconsistency Index was used to assess the level of heterogeneity.

Results
A total of 11 studies conducted on suspected individuals with dengue fever and acutely febrile participants were included in this review. The majority of the studies had a moderate risk of bias and no study had a high risk of bias. A meta-analysis estimated a pooled IgG prevalence of 21% (95% CI: 19–23), a pooled IgM prevalence of 9% (95%CI: 4–13) and a pooled DENV-RNA prevalence of 48% (95% CI: 33–62). There is evidence of possible publication bias in IgG but not in the rest of the markers.

Conclusion
Dengue is prevalent among the dengue fever suspected and febrile population in Ethiopia. Healthcare providers, researchers and policymakers should give more attention to dengue fever.
Analyses of quality of life in cancer drug trials - a review of measurements and analytical choices in post-reimbursement studies
Authors: Svensson Mikael , Strand Gabriella Chauca , Bonander Carl , Johansson Naimi , Jakobsson Niklas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
For drugs reimbursed with limited evidence of patient benefits, confirmatory evidence of overall survival (OS) and quality of life (QoL) benefits is important. For QoL data to serve as valuable input to patients and decision-makers, it must be measured and analyzed using appropriate methods. We aimed to assess the measurement and analyses of post-reimbursement QoL data for cancer drugs introduced in Swedish healthcare with limited evidence at the time of reimbursement.

Methods
We reviewed any published post-reimbursement trial data on QoL for cancer drugs reimbursed in Sweden between 2010 and 2020 with limited evidence of improvement in QoL and OS benefits at the time of reimbursement. We extracted information on the instruments used, frequency of measurement, extent of missing data, statistical approaches, and the use of pre-registration and study protocols.

Results
Out of 22 drugs satisfying our inclusion criteria, we identified published QoL data for 12 drugs in 22 studies covering multiple cancer types. The most frequently used QoL instruments were EORTC QLQ-C30 and EQ-5D-3/5L. We identified three areas needing improvement in QoL measurement and analysis: (i) motivation for the frequency of measurements, (ii) handling of the substantial missing data problem, and (iii) inclusion and adherence to QoL analyses in clinical trial pre-registration and study protocols.

Conclusions
Our review shows that the measurements and analysis of QoL data in our sample of cancer trials covering drugs initially reimbursed without any confirmed QoL or OS evidence have significant room for improvement. The increasing use of QoL assessments must be accompanied by a stricter adherence to best-practice guidelines to provide valuable input to patients and decision-makers.
A clinicopathological study about the epidemiology of granulosa cell tumors in Lebanon
Authors: Yaacoub Sana , Hajj Labib , Khairallah Aya 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Granulosa Cell Tumors (GCT) are considered the most frequent type of sex-cord stromal tumors. These tumors constitute 3-6% of neoplasms of the ovaries. GCTs are divided into 2 types: Juvenile GCT (JGCT) and Adult GCT (AGCT). Most patients are diagnosed early in the course of the disease and tend to have a favorable prognosis. In the surgical treatment of GCT, two main factors play role in the determination of feasibility of the surgery: age and tumor stage.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted on 65 consecutive female patients diagnosed with ovarian GCT at different hospitals across Lebanon who were referred to the National Institute of Pathology, Beirut-Lebanon, between January 2000 and January 2020. Then, they were divided according to types: adult versus juvenile type. Statistical analysis was carried out using Stata, version 16.

Results
The incidence of GCT in a Lebanese population was 16.2 per million per year. The mean age of the studied population was 55.6 years. AGCT was the most common with a prevalence of 91% versus 19% for JGCT. Also, inhibine (the most important immunomarker) was found in 77.2% of adult cases. High mitotic index and high tumor size which are predictors for poor prognosis were respectively 20% and 36.9%. Concerning the histopathological features, Grooved nuclei and Exner bodies were less frequently observed in juvenile type (16.7% for both) compared to adult type (36.9%). Most patients with GCT were diagnosed in the early course of disease mainly due to the manifestation of the symptoms as abdominal pain, postmenopausal bleeding or intermenstrual bleeding, and the good diagnosis and screening practices in Lebanon. Regarding the recurrent cases, a significant correlation with high mitotic index (76.9%), high tumor size (92.3%) and advanced stage (46% for stage 3 and 46% for stage 4) was found with a p < 0.05.

Conclusions
The incidence of GCT in the Lebanese population is 16.2 per million per year. The majority of patients with GCT in Lebanon are of Adult type representing around 90% of cases. Older age, high mitotic index and big tumor size are predictors for poor outcomes.
Epidemiological, clinical, and pathological characteristics of invasive breast cancer in Bedouin and Jewish women in southern Israel: a retrospective comparative study
Authors: Shitrit Itamar Ben , Wang Ao , Ilan Karny , Agassi Ravit , Freih Sofyan Abu , Vaynshtein Julie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Invasive breast cancer (IBC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death among women in Israel, regardless of ethnicity. This study compared IBC epidemiological, clinical, and pathological characteristics in Bedouin and Jewish patients in southern Israel.

Methods
Medical records of 1514 Jewish and 191 Bedouin women with IBC treated at Soroka University Medical Center between 2014 and 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Baseline measures and tumor characteristics were compared between groups. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed using log-rank test. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazard model.

Results
Bedouin patients exhibited a significantly younger age at diagnosis (median 48 vs. 62 years, p < 0.001), larger tumor size (median 2.5 vs. 2.13 cm, p < 0.001), and higher metastasis rate (18.8% vs. 12.7%, p = 0.03) compared to Jewish patients. In early-stage (non-metastatic) disease, Jewish and Bedouin patients had comparable overall survival (OS) rates (127 vs. 126 months, p = 0.2), consistent across stages 1 to 3. However, among patients with metastatic disease, Bedouins exhibited significantly longer OS (76.6 vs. 37.8 months, p = 0.006). Disease-free survival (DFS) showed no ethnic differences (not reached vs. 122 months, p = 0.31). There were no significant differences in OS between Bedouin and Jewish patients undergoing various treatment modalities for early-stage disease: surgery, adjuvant radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and systemic neoadjuvant therapy.

Conclusion
Breast cancer among Bedouin women in southern Israel manifests at a younger age, with larger tumors and more advanced stages than in Jewish women. However, recent data indicate no differences in OS and DFS between the ethnic groups despite past disparities in prognosis.
Effects of physical fitness on mental health of Chinese college students: across-sectional study
Authors: Ma Shuzhen , Yang Yang , Soh Kim Geok , Tan Hermione 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The physical and mental health of college students is often mentioned, but there is limited research on a direct relationship between the mental health status of college students and their physical fitness level. This study mainly proves the relationship between Chinese college students’ mental health and physical fitness indicators.

Method
This study collected SCL-90 Scale test results from 5262 students (4012 boys and 1250 girls) through a questionnaire survey and conducted a Sport Quality Test on these students. Statistical software SPSS was applied for differential analysis and logistic regression analysis. Specifically, the differences in sport quality indicators between normal and abnormal mean total scores of psychological tests were analyzed first. Then, the binary logistic regression model was used to explore the impacts of sports quality indicator scores on students’ psychological fitness.

Results
There are differences in the results of physical fitness tests between students with abnormal psychology and students with normal psychology. The four indexes of students’ vital capacity, speed, explosive power of lower limbs, and endurance running are effective in improving students’ psychologically abnormal state, and endurance running and improving vital capacity are the most effective methods to improve students’ psychologically abnormal state. In the physical tests of Chinese college students, the risk of psychological abnormalities was reduced by 9% for every one-point increase in lung capacity and 10.4% for every one-point increase in endurance running performance.

Conclusions
Chinese college students’ physical fitness and mental health are related. The best methods for treating psychological disorders are lung capacity improvement and endurance running. According to the physical test results of Chinese college students, for every 1-point increase in lung capacity and endurance running, the risk of psychological abnormalities decreased by 9% and 10.4%, respectively.
Association of filial attitude, filial behavior and death literacy: implications for development of death system in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area of China
Authors: Ng Wai I , Che Sok Leng , Li Xiang , Zhu Mingxia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Filial piety, as a major traditional norm in Chinese culture and in Chinese families, affects the attitudes and behaviors of adult children toward their parents and impacts their end-of-life decision-making and the quality of death of their parents. Death literacy is a novel concept aimed at promoting palliative care in the context of public health.

Aims
To understand attitudes and behaviors related to filial piety and to examine the role of death literacy in filial behaviors toward dying parents among residents in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area of China.

Methods
A cross-sectional online survey that employed the convenient and snowball sampling methods was adopted. Filial Piety Representations at Parents’ End of Life Scale and Death Literacy Index were used.

Results
This study identified a significant gap between the filial piety attitudes and behaviors of Chinese adult children. Gender, caregiving experience and death literacy were predictors of filial behaviors in an end-of-life context.

Conclusion
Providing truth disclosure support, offering guidance to young adult children and caregivers of terminally ill fathers, and strengthening factual and community knowledge of death are necessary to enhance the reciprocal comfort of both adult children and dying parents in the context of Chinese filiality.
Will Nigella sativa oil protect parotid glands of rats against cranium gamma irradiation? Histological and immunohistochemical evaluation
Authors: Ahmed Salwa Farid , Bakr Mostafa A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Radiation plays an essential role in treating malignancies. Radiation exposure of salivary glands often results in permanent loss of their functions; therefore, their protection against radiation is crucial. Nigella sativa oil (NSO) is a useful antioxidant against free radicals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the radio-protective effect of NSO on oxidative injury of parotid glands of gamma-irradiated rats. Methods: Twenty-eight male albino rats were divided into four groups (n = 7): Group 1: Neither NSO nor radiation, Group 2: Rats received NSO 400 mg/kg, Group 3: Rats received 15 Gy cranium gamma irradiation & Group 4: Rats received gamma irradiation and NSO. Rats were sacrificed two weeks after the last NSO dose. Histological sections of parotid glands were stained with H&E, Masson’s trichrome and anti-TGF-β antibodies. Area percentage of Masson’s trichrome and TGF-β expression was morphometrically examined. Results: Parotid glands of control and NSO groups revealed normal morphology. Gamma-irradiated glands showed loss of normal acinar architecture and slight acinar shrinkage. NSO treatment of gamma-irradiated glands preserved acinar outline and architecture. Masson’s trichrome stained samples revealed trace amounts of collagen fibers in control and NSO groups, and excessive amounts of collagen fibers in gamma-irradiated group, in addition to few collagen fibers for gamma-irradiated glands treated with NSO. Additionally, control and NSO groups showed negative TGF-β expression. Gamma-irradiated group showed high TGF-β expression, while NSO treated gamma-irradiated group showed moderate TGF-β expression. Conclusions: Gamma-irradiation adversely affected parotid glands, and in contrast, NSO seemed to positively counteract this adverse effect.
Knowledge and associated factors with respect to prevention of post-traumatic compartment syndrome among surgical unit nurses; a multi-center cross-sectional study
Authors: Bazezew Astewil Moges , Getahun Yalemwork , Demlie Tiruye Azene , Ayele Desalegn Getachew , Siyoum Tsehayu Melak , Gedefaw Gezahagn Demsu , Zeleke Kasaye Ahmed , Tekletsadik Esayas Alemshet , Tsega Sintayehu Simie , Dessie Melkamu Tilahun , Getahun Ashenafi Fekad , Woretaw Ashenafi Worku 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Delayed recognition of compartment syndrome can result in devastating consequences such as the need for amputation or even death. Nurses are at the frontline of patient care and they must have a high index of suspicion for compartment syndrome. Even though nurses’ knowledge about the prevention of compartment syndrome is important, there are no studies in Ethiopia. Therefore this study aims to assess the knowledge and associated factors of nurses towards the prevention of post-traumatic compartment syndrome.

Method
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 410 nurses from 26 April to 25 May 2023 at five Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. A stratified sampling technique was employed to recruit the required participants for the study. The data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire. The descriptive statistics were presented in text and tables. Analytical analysis schemes including bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were computed considering P-value < 0.05 to identify statistically significant factors.

Result
Nearly three- fifths (61.6%; 95% CI: 56.7 to 66.3) of nurses had adequate knowledge and significantly associated with being male (AOR: 1.615, 95% CI: 1.050–2.485), nurse use of guidelines (AOR: 2.079, 95% CI: 1.307–3.307), nurses they have been trained (AOR = 1.650; 95 CI: 1.063–2.562), and nurses’ who had more than 15 years’ (AOR: 4.207, 95 CI: 1.762–10.045) experience had good knowledge with respect to prevention of compartment syndrome than the counterparts.

Conclusion
Even though nurses’ knowledge regarding the prevention of post-traumatic compartment syndrome was found to be good, Diligent nursing assessment and monitoring of clinical signs should be critically performed. So, it is better to strengthen training, equip wards with standardized guidelines, and create a safe working environment should be routine activities.