bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reaction Rates in the Synthesis of Ammonia. I. Dependence upon Reaction Pressure and Hydrogen-Nitrogen Ratio
Authors: Uchida Hiroshi , Kuraishi Michio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
This series of experiments presents the well known fact about the different concentration increases as well as the different decreases of the conversion efficiency with the increasing pressure depending upon the kinds of catalysts in greater detail. At extremely high space velocities, the ammonia concentration remains constant independent of the change of the total pressure when the mixture of a constant gas ratio (H2: N2=3: 1) is used; however, it increases with increasing nitrogen pressure when the mixtures of different initial compositions are used at a constant pressure.
As predicted by Temkin’s equation, the nitrogen percentage or hydrogen percentage, at which a maximum ammonia concentration or a minimum conversion efficiency is observed, shifts towards the higher percentage with the increasing space velocity; however, the nitrogen percentage corresponding to the maximum shifts further through the critical value predicted by Temkin. The shifting is-more or less rapid depending on the kind of catalyst. To the extent that the space velocity is very high and the total pressure remains constant the equation by S. L. Kiperman can represent the shifting in a better agreement together with the observed proportionality between the ammonia concentration and the reciprocal space velocity.
The rate equations of M. I. Temkin and M. Shindo, which are based on different concepts, have been compared with the present results, and neither M. I. Temkin’s nor M-Shindo’s (unimproved) is in satisfactory agreement with the results. An equation based on the concept by M. I. Temkin and provided with another factor characteristic of the kind of catalyst has been proposed. The equation is in better agreement with the experimental results concerning the ammonia concentration expressed as functions of the space velocity and the pressure. The maximum of the ammonia concentration or the minimum of the conversion efficiency related to the ratio of hydrogen to nitrogen is represented in a somewhat better agreement with the singly promoted catalyst, while yet unsatisfactorily with the triply promoted.
Irreversible Photobleaching of the Solution of Fluorescent Dyes. I. Kinetic Studies on the Primary Process
Authors: Imamura Masashi , Koizumi Masao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The irreversible photobleaching of eosine in the aqueous solution and in alcohol-water mixtures was studied and it was found that the rate of photobleaching depends only on and is proportional to the quantity of ab-sorbed light when the dye concentration is 10−5 mol./1.
The overall unimolecular rate constant k or the quantum yield, when the quantity of dissolved oxygen is varied, does not change over a wide region but begins to decrease below a certain critical point.
The values of k in water-alcohol mixtures were found to be expressed by the following equation in the low concentration region of alcohol.
(Remark: Graphics omitted.)
where k° is the rate constant of the pure aqueous solution and K is a certain constant.
The possible schemes were given particularly on the bases of the rate formula (6) and of the effect of the quantity of dissolved oxygen.
It is most probable that the irreversible photobleaching of eosine by oxygen is a successive reaction as represented by the following scheme
Ib) D\xrightarrowhνD*→Dt\xrightarrowO2Dt···O2\xrightarrowH2O··· Product.
In this case, the probability with which Dt···O2 is deactivated by alcohol is about 100 times greater than that of Dt···O2 being attacked by water.
There is some possibility that the reaction may proceed in the following way.
IIb) D\xrightarrowhνD*→Dt\xrightarrowH2ODt···H2O\xrightarrowO2··· Product
Two cases corresponding to this scheme are possible. When a moderate fraction of Dt contributes to the reaction, the intermediate Dt···H2O must be deactivated by alcohol far more frequently than it reacts with oxygen, while when a very small fraction of Dt participates in the reaction, the probability with which Dt deactivated by alcohol is much larger than that of the reaction with water. The former case is rather improbable, while, the latter one seems to conform to a newly discovered fact that eosine in alcoholic solution is photobleached quite easily under evacuated conditions.
The kinetic studies of the vacuum-state-photobleaching of eosine in alcohol, the comparison of the effects of various alcohols upon the rate of oxygen-water-bleaching and the measurement of the rate of the possible vacuum-bleaching in various alcohols, all these investigations now in progress will give a more definite conclusion.
Studies on the Oxy-acid Phosphors. IV. Application of Polarography to the Analysis of Activators, Especially, in Calcium Silicate Phosphors
Authors: Kotera Yoshihide , Yonemura Michiko , Sekine Tadao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The amount of activators, which are now used for the present phosphors, was determined by means of polarography. The results obtained shows that manganese or copper is not dissipated during firing, while antimony or lead is dissipated in that period.
As for calcium silicate phosphors activated by manganese and lead, the residual amounts of activators were analysed by polarography and, these amount being taken as the additional factorial effects, the analysis of covariance was carried out to see the effects of atmosphere and firing time on the brightness. The results obtained show that the amount of lead has a more significant effect upon the brightness than manganese and the change of atmosphere causes that of the amount of activators and the brightness.
Heats of Combustion and Formation of Some Organosilicon Compounds
Authors: Tanaka Toshio , Takahashi Ukiko , Okawara Rokuro , Watase Takeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. A bomb calorimeter has been used for the measurements of the heats of combustion of the following five compounds at 20°C and at constant volume: dimethyl diethoxysilane, di-n-propyl diethoxy silane, diethyl silanediol, hexamethyl cyclotrisiloxane and hexaphenyl cyclotrisiloxane.
2. From these experimental results the corresponding heats of combustion and formation at constant pressure have been calculated, and the latter values were compared with the calculated values of the heats of formation derived from the data of the bond energies.
The Dielectric Constant of 1,4-Dioxane
Authors: Yasumi Masasi , Shirai Michio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The dielectric constant of pure dioxane was measured in the liquid and the solid state.
The dielectric constants of dioxane solutions dissolved in various solvents were also measured.
Using Clausius-Mosotti relation, the molecular polarization of dioxane was computed. The computed value was dependent neither upon the state (solid liquid, solution) nor upon the temperature, and agreed almost exactly with the value obtained from the measurement for the gaseous substance.
The difference between the molecular polarization and the electronic polarization is ca. 4 cc. It seems natural to attribute this value to atomic polarization.
Antituberculous Compounds. V. 1-Thiocarbamyl-3-methyl-5-phenyl-2-pyrazoline, 1-thiocarbamyl-3-methyl-5-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-pyrazoline, and Related Compounds
Authors: Nishimura Tamio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The preparation is described of 3-methyl-5-phenyl-2-pyrazoline,3-methyl-5-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-pyrazoline and their 1-phenyl, thiocarbamyl, N-phenylthiocarbamyl,N-benzoylthiocarbamyl, formyl, and acetyl derivatives which were to be tested for antituberculous activity.
Solvent Effects on Ion Exchange Equilibria. Part II
Authors: Sakaki Tomohiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The effect of the addition of non-electrolytes to the ion exchange system has been studied. It has been found that the dielectric constant of the solution gives a profound effect on the ion exchange equilibrium and that in the case of lower concentrations of alcohol a linear relationship exists between the apparent free energy change and the reciprocal of the dielectric constant. A working equation has been proposed to account for the relationships between the free energy change, dielectric constant, ionic species and valency of exchangeable ion.
The Ultra-violet Absorption Spectrum of Pyridine N-oxide
Authors: Ito Mitsuo , Hata Norisuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The near ultra-violet absorption spectrum of pyridine N-oxide was measured in solution and vapor, and we concluded from the considerations of solvent effect, oscillator strength and the feature of vapor spectrum that the two of the four absorption regions are due to the excitation of the non-bonding electron, the others due to the excitation of π-electron. From the spectral behavior of pyridine N-oxide, it is also concluded that the pyridine N-oxide molecule forms hydrogen bond with alcohol or water molecule in vapor and solution state.
Studies on the Electronic Structures of 2,5-Dichloroaniline and 2,5-Dichloronitrobenzene by Their Pure Quadrupole Spectra
Authors: Negita Hisao , Yamamura Hitoshi , Shiba Haruo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The pure quadrupole spectra of 2,5-dichloroaniline and 2,5-dichloronitrobenzene were observed at room temperature (292°K), and the effects of electron releasing or attracting power of amino- and nitro-group in the benzene ring were compared with each other. On the other hand, a linear relation between resonance absorption frequencies due to Cl35 and Hammett’s σ of the substituents in these compounds was found, and Hammett’s σ of o-amino-group was assumed to be −0.26. We are indebted to Prof. T. Ichikawa and Prof. D. Nakae for their generarity in granting us the use of their facilities, and to Prof. T. Kawano for the loan of the frequency meter.
Reactions of Chloromethylpolysiloxanes with Thiourea
Authors: Nozakura Shunichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Chloromethylmethylpolysiloxane (I), 3-chloromethylheptamethyltrisiloxane (II) 3,5-di(chloromethyl)octamethyltetrasiloxane (III) and chloromethylpolysiloxane (IV) were reacted with thiourea in absolute alcohol to give silicon-containing thiuronium chlorides.
Although in the case of (II) the corresponding thiuronium chloride was isolated an extensive fission and recombination of siloxane bonds took place in every case.
Silicon-carbon bond in the thiuronium chloride derived from (I) was easily cleft by the treatment with an aqueous alkali to give three-dimensional methylpolysiloxane. In a similar manner the thiuronium chloride derived from (IV) gave silicic acid with aqueous alkali.
The fission of silicon-carbon bonds in the silicon-containing thiuronium salts was facilitated by the electron-attracting substituents on the silicon atom.
Phototropy of New Photosensitive Complexes between a Fluorescent Pigment and SH-Compounds
Authors: Fujimori Eiji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The absorption maximum of all pigment-SH compound complexes shifted to a longer wave length range than that of the pigment itself. Although in protein and glutathione the absorption maximum was at 520 mμ from the beginning, in cysteine and thioglycolic acid it was in a shorter wave length range than 520 mμ and shifted to 520 mμ after some photochemical reaction. These complexes with their absorption maxima in a shorter wave length range than 520 mμ fluoresced more weakly than the original pigment, while those at 520 mμ showed the almost complete disappearance of fluorescence. Before these SH-compounds combined with the pigment, its fluorescence was partly instantaneously quenched by them. Both complexes of different spectra showed a phototropy ; i. e., bleaching in light and regeneration in darkness. The regeneration reaction was thermal: its velocity was parallel to the molecular weight of the SH-compound in these SH-compounds used in the present experiment. The degree of regeneration was low in protein but about 100 % in cysteine and thioglycolic acid. The concentration of protein influenced the degree of regeneration but not the velocity of regeneration. This phototropy was discussed from the point of view of an ·S-R free radical and pigment radicals.
Alkylalkoxypolysiloxanes. V. Lower Members of Vinylmethoxypolysiloxanes with One to Five Silicon Atoms
Authors: Okawara Rokuro , Sakiyama Minoru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) Vinylmethoxypolysiloxanes have been prepared by the reaction of sodium bicarbonate with partially methanolyzed vinyltrichlorosilane.
(2) Distribution of the lower members was determined with regard to the composition of the partially methanolyzed product.
(3) Linear vinylmethoxypolysiloxanes containing from one to five silicon atoms have been prepared and characterized.
(4) Vinylmethoxycyclopolysiloxanes were found between the plateaus of linear polymer but they could not be accurately characterized.
Studies on A. C. Polarography. III. Reversible Wave
Authors: Okuda Mitsuko , Tachi Isamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The d. c. and a. c. components of the electrolytic current observed a. c. polarographically, i. e. the Fournier’s and Breyer’s polarograms, are investigated experimentally for the reversible electro- reductions of cadmium and thallous ions. The result of the experiment shows convincingly the essential legitimacy of our theoretical conclusion.
Studies on DNP-Protamines by Means of the Absorption Spectra
Authors: Hashimoto Chieko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) DNP-Derivatives of amino compounds gave the characteristic spectral absorption curves, according to the states of the amino groups combined with the DNP-group. It was found, that 2,4-dinitroaniline as a primary amine, DNP-monoamino acids in the case of secondary amine and DNP-proline in that of tertiary amine gave respectively the absorption spectra with different absorption maxima and absorption coefficients (cf. Table I and Fig. 1).
2) The absorption curve of DNP-clupeine was of the similar shape to DNP-derivatives in the states of secondary amines, while that of DNP-salmine in those of tertiary amines. From this fact the difference between the N-terminal residues of clupeine and salmine molecules was evidently recognized, that of the former being monoamino acid while that of the latter proline.
3) By comparing the absorption of DNP-protamine with the molecular absorption coefficient of the corresponding DNP-amino acid which occupies the N-terminal residue in the molecule, the molecular weights of DNP-derivatives of clupeine and salmine were estimated. Both clupeine and salmine were shown to have the molecular weights of the same order, 6,000–7,000.
Sterols and Other Unsaponifiable Substances in the Lipids of Shell Fishes, Crustacea and Echinoderms. XVI. Reinvestigation of Hitodesterol and its Identity with α-Spinasterol
Authors: Toyama Yoshiyuki , Takagi Toru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. A fraction having m.p. 167–168°C and consisting mainly of hitodesteryl acetate was separated from the steryl acetate mixture of Asterina pectinifera. Hitodesterol was found to have an ethylenic linkage between C–7 and C–8. Among the products of ozonolysis of hitodesteryl acetate, l-ethylisopropylacetaldehyde was identified in the form of its 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone. Hence hitodesterol has been found to be a Δ7,22-sterol of the C29-series and identical with α-spinasterol.
2. Among the products of ozonolysis of a lower melting steryl acetate fraction, the presence of a small amount of methylisopro-pylacetaldehyde besides ethylisopropylacetal-dehyde was indicated. Hence it appears that a C28-sterol having at least an ethylenic linkage between C–22 and C–23, possibly of Δ7,22-type, is also present in a lesser amount in the unsaturated sterol components of Asterina pectinifera.
Studies on Dimethylglyoximato cobalt (III) Complexes. III. Direct Evidence for the Planar Coördination of Two Dimethylglyoximate Ions in Bis-(dimethylglyoximato)-cobalt (III) Complexes
Authors: Nakahara Akitsugu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Infrared absorption spectra of bis- and tris-(dimethylglyoximato)-cobalt(III)-complex were measured. Some discussions concerning the O-H stretching band of the former complex were given, and they reached the conclusion that the band at 1725 cm−1. corresponds to the band at 1775 cm−1 of the bis-(dimethylglyoximato)nickel (II) and is characteristic of the planar bis-(dimethylglyoximato)-complexes.
A Note on the Measurement of the Absorption Coefficient in Infra-red Region. Influence of the Thickness of Layer on the Measurement of Absorption Coefficient
Authors: Yasumi Masasi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The transmission coefficient of a thin layer of carbon tetrachloride is calculated according to the exact formula and compared with the value calculated by simple Beer’s rule.
The usual transmission method which is based upon the Beer’s law is inadequate to the absorption coefficient of highly absorbing substances such as carbon tetrachloride.
Diffusion of Hydrocarbon, Alcohols and Esters through the Aqueous Solutions of Cationic Detergent
Authors: Okuyama Haruhiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) Urea, fructose and potassium chloride which are completely soluble in water, diffuse in the TMDA solution at about the same rate as in water notwithstanding the fact that the former has higher viscosity than the later.
(2) The diffusion coefficient of hexane is in a fairly good coincidence with the difference of the calculated diffusion coefficient from X-ray data between more and less swollen micelles.
(3) The diffusion of alcohols and esters is generally governed by their solubility in water. From the concentration gradient curves of diffusion, they are considered to diffuse on two different mechanisms, one as the single molecule and the other as the complex group associated with the detergent micelles.
(4) The equilibrium between solute in micelles and in water is rather slower processwhen the mechanical disturbance or convection is absent in the solution.
(5) The anomalies reported on the solubi-lization of dimethylphthalate is not observed in these diffusion experiments.
Studies on Several Phosphates from the View-point of Analytical Chemistry. V. An Electro-Chromatography on Several Meta- and Poly-phosphates labelled with P32
Authors: Shinagawa Mutsuaki , Takanaka Junichi , Kiso Yoshiyuki , Tsukiji Aiko , Matama Y\={o}ko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) Several phosphate ions can be separated by the present electro-chromatographic method. This method of separation is a vast improvement over the paper chromatography.
2) The smaller the number of phosphorus atoms contained in a phosphate ion, the greater the migration rate of ion in the case of chain ionic structure. Trimetaphosphate ion which has ring ionic structure showed the greatest migration rate among all of them.
3) The test by means of prussian blue was more distinct in electro-chromatography than in paper chromatography.
The Role of Ethylene Glycol and Polyethylene Glycol in the Freeze-Thaw Stability of Synthetic Latex
Authors: Okamura Seizo , Motoyama Takuhiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The freeze-thaw stability of synthetic latices obtained by the emulsion polymerisation of styrene, methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, vinyl acetate and acrylonitrile has been measured at the freeze-thaw cycles of −17.5°C and room temperature. It is found that the addition of ethyleneglycol and poly-ethyleneglycol into the latices increases the stability. The freezing point depression and the electrophoretic mobility of stabilized latices indicate the adsorption of stabilizing additives on the emulsion particles. Finally the adsorption of ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol on the emulsion particles is determined directly. In consideration of these experimental results the freeze-thaw stability seems to be attained by the adsorption of additives on the emulsion particles.
Polarographic Behavior of Nitroammonocarbonic Acids in Aqueous Media. II. Nitroguanidine
Authors: Namba Keiho , Suzuki Kyoichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) The relationships of pH–E1⁄2 (vs. S.C.E.) and of pH–il of nitroguanidine under the dropping mercury electrode were studied.
2) From results about the influence of the effective height of mercury reservior and temperature upon il, it was found that il will follow the diffusion law, and that the Ilkovi\u{c} equation is applicable in this case.
3) Although the electron number consumed for reduction (n) was calculated by assuming a diffusion coefficient these were insufficient in discussion of reduction mechanism. Further investigation will be necessary.
On the Relation between the Hydrogen Overpotential and the Magnetic Susceptibility of Copper-Nickel Alloys
Authors: Oikawa Mitsuru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Experiments were carried out on the relation between the hydrogen overpotential and the electronic structure of nickel-copper alloys.
We can classify these alloys into two groups, depending upon whether or not they contain more nickel than 60 atomic per cent., that is whether they have positive holes or not in their d-band.
The hydrogen overpotential of nickel rich alloys (more than 60 atomic percentages of nickel) is rather low because of their small activation energy caused by the large adsorption energy due to the strong bond between metal d-orbital and H-atom. For copper rich alloys the hydrogen overpotentials are high and are almost identical owing to the extinction of positive holes.
Studies on the Cooking Mechanism of Wood. Xl. On the Amount of B-group, and the Reactivity with Thioglycolic Acid
Authors: Mikawa Hiroshi , Sato Koichiro , Takasaki Chizuko , Ebisawa Kiyo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
B-group of lignin reacts with thioglycolic acid. Total amount of the sulphonatable groups of lignin is about 0.6/CH3O, the amount of B-group being consequently 0.3–0.35/CH3O. Higher S/CH3O values reported in the literature may be due to the presence of nonacidic “ excess sulphur ”.
The State of Metal Ion in Aqueous Solutions and Its Surface Chemical Effects. I. Cobalt lon-Stearic Acid Monolayer Interaction
Authors: Matuura Ryohei , Kimizuka Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The presence of aggregates of cobalt ion in the alkaline solution of 10−3 mol./l. CoCl2 was shown by the measurement of self-diffusion coefficients. Large expansion and high rigidity of the stearic acid monolayer caused by cobalt ion in the alkaline solution were accounted for by the interaction of stearate ion in the monolayer with the aggregates of cobalt ion in the solution, resulting in the formation of two-dimensional network structure in the film. This idea was confirmed by the effect of aging of the substrate solution and also by the action of complex-forming agents such as ammonium oxalate and sodium citrate on the monolayer-ion interaction.