bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone Marrow Biopsy Changes in the Iliac Bone Mimicking Multiple Colonic Polypi
Authors: SINGER JONAS , COLE JESSE , VAS WENZEL 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTMany different entities simulating colonic polyps on barium enema examination have been described. Of the extraluminal mimics, round bony structures such as vertebral pedicles are perhaps best known. We describe the cause of a previously undescribed artifact: bone marrow biopsy of the ilium.
The American ‘Patterns of Care’ Study: A Model for the Assessment of the Quality of Patient Care in Radiation Oncology
Authors: McKAY MICHAEL J. , LANGLANDS ALLAN O. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThere are well documented manpower and equipment deficiencies in the specialty of Radiation Oncology in Australia. These deficiencies persist despite numerous reports over the last decade detailing their existence. The Patterns of Care Study (PCS) from the United States of America (USA) is a unique, comprehensive review of Radiation Oncology services in that country. It has clearly demonstrated that substantial benefits not only in survival but also in reduced treatment morbidity accrue when a full range of modern techniques and equipment is used. The present paper is a review of the PCS: this study has immense implications for patient care in particular and cancer services in general, in Australia. There seems little point in continuing to fund cancer research in the hope of gains in survival rates while continuing to ignore the fact that gains of a similar magnitude can be obtained by the maximum use of current knowledge and the provision of modern equipment.
The Radioresponsiveness of Normal and Tumour Microvasculature
Authors: NARAYAN KAILASH , SPIROPOULOS ANNA 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTMouse tails bearing DMH‐II tumours were irradiated to a total of 80 Gy in 8 Gy fractions, twice a day for 5 consecutive days. The normal tail vasculature was minimally affected for up to 60 days post‐irradiation. In contrast tumour capillaries which showed minor changes on day 6 post‐irradiation were severely affected by day 14.DMH‐II proved to be a radioresistant tumour. The radiation dose used in this experiment was the maximum total dose which could be tolerated by the mouse tail. The tumour began to regenerate at approximately 40 days post‐irradiation. Tumour infiltrating into the surrounding normal tissue was observed by 60 days following irradiation. As the tumour regenerated, there was no accompanying regeneration of tumour capillaries. This study suggests that: a) tumour capillaries were more acutely radioresponsive than the normal microvasculature in the murine tail, and b) regenerating tumour did not elicit a neovascular response from the irradiated tumour bed.
Radiation Doses to the Lens of the Eye During Computerised Tomography of the Orbit; A Comparison of Four Modern Computerised Tomography Units
Authors: SIDDLE K. J. , SIM L. H. , CASE C. C. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA previous study has looked at the estimated radiation dose to the lens of the eye during CT scanning of the orbit, pituitary fossa and brain with a recently installed GE 9800 Quick CT using a phantom simulating the lens of the eye. In this study the same phantom was used to compare the estimated radiation dose delivered to the lens of the eye by three other newly installed CT units of different manufacture. There was significant variation between the doses measured from the four machines when operated with the parameters commonly used in clinical practice. However, in all cases scanning of the phantom using routine techniques delivered a dose to the simulated lens which was much lower than the threshold dose for cataracts. There is, never‐the‐less, a potential for delivery of much higher doses.
Radiation Dose to the Lens of the Eye During Computerised Tomography Examinations of the Orbit, the Pituitary Fossa and the Brain on a General Electric 9800 Quick C. T. Scanner
Authors: SIDDLE K. J. , SIM L. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA phantom simulating the lens of the eye has been used during estimation of the radiation dose to the lens of the eye during C. T. scanning of the orbit, pituitary fossa and brain. Routine scanning will deliver a dose to the lens which is many times less than the threshold for cataracts. However the potential exists to use techniques which will increase the dose substantially. Repeat examinations of this sort could theoretically exceed the threshold dose required to induce cataracts in the lens.
Percutaneous Drainage of Pancreatic Pseudocysts: Technique and Problems
Authors: FATAAR SHADLEY 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTIn 18 patients, 27 of thirty two pseudocysts were successfully drained percutaneously. The first 26 were drained directly and the last six drained transgastrically. Failures resulted from tube blockage by necrotic phlegmon in three and pancreatico‐cutaneous fistulation in two with obstructed pancreatic ducts. Transgastric drainage is preferred as it appears to prevent chronic pancreatico cutaneous fistula formation.
Fibromuscular Dysplasia of Common Carotid Artery A Case Report
Authors: PHADKE R. V. , TAORI K. B. , DIVEKAR V. K. , BHUTADA V.R. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA case of presumed fibromuscular dysplasia involving the left common carotid artery with formation of fusiform aneurysm of the whole length of the common carotid artery, and a distal web‐like lesion, is described in a 25 year old female patient. The angiographic appearance of the lesion is uncommon, as is the involvement of the common carotid artery. The literature is reviewed.
Femoral Vein Compression in Solitary Osteochondroma of Head of Femur
Authors: MALIK N. , KHANDELWAL N. , MANDAL P. , NAGI O.N. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTAn unusual case of venous compression and displacement complicating solitary osteochondroma of the head of the femur is reported and the literature is reviewed briefly.
Computed Tomographic Assessment of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts with fast Dynamic Scanning
Authors: SLAUGHTER R.E. , PARTRIDGE J.B. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT28 coronary grafts in 12 symptomatic patients were studied at the time of graft angiography at Prince Charles Hospital. The grafts were studied using the Toshiba 900S scanner with bolus injections of contrast agent into an anticubital vein. The assessment was carried out using fast incremental and continuous acquisition scanning with stepped reconstructions in the last 5 patients. Of the 27 grafts, 16 were shown at angiography to be patent and of good calibre. 14 of these were similarly assessed at CT. 11 were either diseased or blocked at angiography, and these were graded also as small, stenosed or blocked at CT. This early study would support previous reports that CT does offer a reliable method of diagnosing good patent grafts. The study also suggests that with conventional fast dynamic scanning some information regarding graft quality can be obtained.
The “Carpentier” Thoracic Aortic By‐Pass Technique for Management of Descending Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections — A Radiological Perspective
Authors: MORGAN P.W. , CAMERON D.C. , CARTER M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe “Carpentier” thoracic aortic bypass procedure is a recently described and, until now, little used surgical technique for the treatment of descending thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections. It involves the placement of a large conduit from the ascending aorta to the distal abdominal aorta through a midline stemotomy incision extended to the umbilicus and the subsequent interruption of the aorta just distal to the left subclavian artery via a left postern‐lateral thoracotomy.As radiologists we should be aware of this alternative surgical option so that, in addition to diagnosing and classifying these aneurysms and dissections, we can assist our surgical colleagues in:—a. The pre‐operative assessment of the aorta for bypass grafting including the distal abdominal aortab. The past‐operative monitoring of the anticipated thrombotic occlusion of the descending thoracic aorta to the coeliac axis.
Sonographic Recognition of Pneumatosis Intestinalis and Portal Gas in an 11‐months‐old Infant — Case Report
Authors: YIP C.K.Y. , NG V.K. , MAN D.W.K. , METREWELI C. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTSonography was performed on an 11‐month old infant who presented with intestinal obstruction. Pneumatosis intestinalis and portal venous gas were detected in addition to dilated small bowel loops. Preoperative diagnosis of small bowel gangrene was made which was proven at operation.
Fine Needle Aspiration in the Chest under CT Control
Authors: KNOX ALASTAIR M. , FON GERALD T. , ORELL SVANTE 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTOver a 42 month perid 133 patients underwent 148 CT guided biopsies of 104 pulmonary lesions (78%), 21 mediastinal/hilar masses (16%) and 8 pleural lesions (6%). There were 48 cases (32%) complicated by a pneumothorax, of which 13 (9%) required a chest drain. Two cases each of minor haemopneumothorax (1.4%) and haematoma (1.4%) were found, and haemoptysis occurred in a single patient (0.7%). This low complication rate reflects the use of the 22 gauge Chiba needle, the small number of passes undertaken at each sitting and the wide range of lesion size.In four cases no diagnosis was established either at the time of biopsy or subsequently. There were 100 cases proven to be malignant, of which 81 were diagnosed at the first biopsy. Three further cases were regarded as suspicious of malignancy. Of the 29 patients with benign disease, a specific diagnosis was made in 10 (34%) and nonspecific inflammation was seen in 17 (59%) further patients.Fine needle aspiration under CT control is a useful and accurate diagnostic technique. It has widened the scope of lesions which can be biopsied, enabling small, deep or necrotic parenehymal lesions to be targeted accurately. A precise placement of the needle tip into pleural or mediastinal lesions is a further advantage. However, if an inadequate sample is obtained, the biopsy may need to be repeated.
Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma Masquerading as Subacute Thyroiditis Diagnosis using Ultrasonography and Radionuclide Thyroid Angiography
Authors: PRAKASH RAJEEV , JAYARAM GITA , SINGH ROMINDER P. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe rare presentation of a follicular thyroid carcinoma mimicking the clinical and radionuclide features of subacute thyroiditis is described. Granulomatous thyroiditis was initially suspected on the clinical basis of acute onset of a hard, tender right lobe thyroid enlargement with associated systemic symptoms, modest elevation of thyroid hormone levels and suppressed thyroid RAIU. Fine needle aspiration cytology specimens were unsatisfactory for characterization. Three weeks later the thyroid RAIU was normal. The thyroid enlargement persisted, now being clearly visualized as a hypofunctional nodule on scintiscan. Repeat fine needle aspiration cytaiogy was suggestive of acinar proliferation with hyperfunction. Ultrasonography revealed a solid nodule with a peripheral sonolucent halo. Radionuclide angiography showed intense arterial flow of Tc‐99m pertechnetate through the right lobe thyroid enlargement suggestive of malignant thyroid pathology. Surgical excision and histopathological examination revealed a follicular carcinoma involving the right lobe.The possiblity of carcinomatous involvement should be considered in those patients where initially tender thyroid nodularity persists longer than expected for a benign innammatory disease, careful follow‐up and relevant investigations being necessary to confirm the diagnosis.Thyroid neoplasm; Subacute thyroiditis; Radionuclide angiography; Radionuclide imaging; Ultrasonic diagnosis.
Staging Abdominal Ultrasonography in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: LEUNG S. F. , METREWELI C. , TSAO S. Y. , HASSELT C. A. VAN 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTAbdominal ultrasonograms were performed on 81 unselected patients with newly‐diagnosed nasopharyngeal carcinoma without clinical evidence of distant metastases. Two patients had ultrasongraphic features suspicious of, but not diagnostic of, hepatic metastases. One of these two patients developed hepatic metastases six months after the examination while the other was free of metastases at follow‐up 33 months afterwards. Of the 79 patients without evidence of metastases on ultrasonogram, two developed hepatic metastases after 22 and 32 months. Based on these results, we do not recommend abdominal ultrasonography as a routine staging investigation for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Ultrasound Guided Fine Needle Biopsy of the Liver for Cytology and Histology
Authors: LIN B. P. C. , CHU J. M. G. , ROSE R. A. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTUltrasound guided fine needle biopsies were performed in 69 patients with space occupying lesions in the liver. Fifty five of these patients had material obtained for both cytology and histology with a 22 gauge modified Menghini needle, while the other 14 were biopsied with a conventional Chiba needle. Results of cytology, histology of Menghini cores, and histology of cell blocks, were reviewed and correlated with the final diagnoses obtained by clinical review and follow‐up. Cytology detected 95% of malignant cases, and Menghini core histology detected 89%. A number of factors should determine the choice of fine needle biopsy for cytology or histology or both.
Ultrasound Guided Percutaneous Renal Biopsy
Authors: ARENSON ANNA MARIE 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTWe performed percutaneous ultrasound guided renal biopsy on 27 patients ages 16 to 76 years. A 14 gauge cutting needle was used. Twenty‐six patients had medical renal disease; one patient had a renal mass.Patients were followed by sonograms performed immediately post procedure as well the following day. Serum hemoglobin was obtained prior to the procedure as well as one day post biopsy.Complications included five small hematomas and one transient mild hydronephrosis secondary to blood clots. The hematomas were all first noted on the scan one day post biopsy.We conclude that ultrasound guided percutaneous renal biopsy is a safe procedure which is easily performed by the radiologist.
Congestive Hepatomegaly – Typical Features on Computed Tomography, Ultrasound and Nuclear Medicine
Authors: COOPER M. A. , ARKLES L. B. , HENNESSY O. F. , McKENZIE A. F. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe features of hepatic congestion on computed tomography, ultrasound and nuclear medicine sulphurcolloid scans have been reviewed. Hepatic congestion may not be appreciated clinically, especially in the elderly, but the features described should be sufficiently characteristic to establish the diagnosis. The CT appearance may be confused with neoplastic infiltration, so that recognition of the condition may avoid further unnecessary investigations.
Linear Atelectasis in the Lingula as a Diagnostic Feature of Left Lower Lobe Collapse: Nordenström's Sign
Authors: PRICE J. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTCollapse of the left lower lobe is sometimes accompanied by linear atelectasis in the lingula. The lingular atelectasis may be more readily apparent than conventional signs of left lower collapse. The mechanism of this association as first described by Nordenström is discussed and its value as a diagnostic sign emphasised.
A Case of Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: KEARNEY DERMOT , DONLON JEFFREY B. , MENDELSON RICHARD M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTFibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma is an uncommon histologic subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma, comprising 3.5% of all hepatocellular carcinomas in one large study (Brandt et al 1988). It usually occurs in young people, the average age being 18 years (Farhi et al 1983). It is not associated with cirrhosis and the serum alphafetoprotein is usually normal (Craig et al 1980).Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma has a more favourable prognosis than the usual hepatocellular carcinoma, with an average survival of 32 months from onset of symptoms, compared to 6 months for the usual type. The resectability rate and 5 year survival figures are also much better (Craig et al 1980). Hence distinguishing this histological subtype is important for surgical management and survival prognosis.This report describes a full radiological evaluation of such a case, covering the wide spectrum of relevant imaging modalities.
Sonographic Evaluation of Chest Masses in Children
Authors: KAPOOR RAVI , SAHA MADAN M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe sonographic appearances of 12 intrathoracic masses in children are presented. Seven out of 12 masses were malignant and presented with opaque hemithorax on chest X‐ray. Different types of masses encountered were: Lymphoma, Neuroblastoma, Ewing's sarcoma, metastatic Ewing's sarcoma, Teratocarcinoma, Pseudotumor of the lung, Neuroenteric duplication cyst, Bronchogenic cyst and tubercular mediastinal lymph nodes.
Radical Radiotherapy for Carcinoma of The Larynx ‐Westmead Hospital Experience
Authors: TURNER S.L. , TIVER K.W. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTBetween January 1980 and December 1988, 141 patients were treated with radical radiotherapy for carcinoma of the larynx. One hundred and ten (78%) tumours arose on the vocal cords, twenty nine (21%) from the supraglottis and two (1%) from the subglottis. All 63 stage T1 cases, and all except three of 62 T2 cases seen in the time period, were treated by radiotherapy. In addition 14 selected T3 and 5 T4 cases were irradiated. Only 7% had clinical evidence of regional lymph node metastases at presentation. Median follow up is 47.5 months and 2+ year actuarial local control rates are T1–87%, T2–63%, T3–79% and T4–53%. The rates for vocal cord primaries are T1–86%, T2–58%, and T3–75%. Median time to local failure was 8 months with none occurring beyond 21 months. Two of 130 NO cases (1.5%) relapsed in cervical lymph nodes with a policy of selective prophylactic irradiation of the regional lymphatic areas. Thirty three/thirty seven patients with locoregional failure underwent salvage surgery with 27/32 (84%) evaluable patients achieving ultimate locoregional control with median follow up of 18.5 months from salvage. Four patients (3%) developed distant metastases and 21 (15%) developed a second primary malignancy (including 13 lung cancers) with an actuarial rate of second primary tumours of 23% at five years. Three year actuarial survival for the whole group is 77% but 66% of deaths were due to causes other than larynx cancer. Tumour specific mortality by stage is T1–1.6%, T2–12%, T3,4–21%. Because of a relatively low rate of local control for T2 vocal cord cancers 11 patients received concurrent chemotherapy employing 5‐Fluorouracit and Mitomycin C and 19 had tissue equivalent bolus applied to the skin overlying the larynx to eliminate potential underdosage in the region of the anterior commissure with the use of 6MV X‐rays. Whilst neither measure resulted in a statistically significant improvement in local control there is a trend in favour of the use of bolus which warrants further investigation in larger numbers of patients.
Haemangiopericytoma ‐ Queensland Radium Institute Experience and a Review of the Literature
Authors: AHERN Y.A. , ROBERTS S.J. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTWe report the presenting clinical characteristics, management, relapse patterns and survival of 17 patients with haemangiopericytoma treated at the Queensland Radium Institute, Australia from 1962 to 1989. Twelve patients were referred at the time of first diagnosis and were treated with curative intent. Three patients were treated with palliative intent when referred following initial diagnosis, and the remaining two patients were referred at the time of relapse. Disease was metastatic at presentation in 4 patients. Radiotherapy was used as a component of primary treatment of disease in 11 patients, in both patients referred for management of local relapse of haemangiopericytoma, and for palliation of metastatic disease developing in 3 patients. One patient received chemotherapy as part of initial treatment. Nine patients have died with survival from first treatment ranging from 3 to 139 months. Ail 8 surviving patients remain free of disease at 6 to 94 months from first treatment.
Ultrasound Evaluation of Subdural Haematoma
Authors: LAM ALBERT H. , CRUZ GILDA BONA 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT14 patients with subdural haematoma (SDH) diagnosed by ultrasonography (US) and confirmed by computerized tomography (CT) were reviewed. We describe the morphology of SDH on US and discuss the ultrasound findings which may suggest outcome. SDH appeared as a crescentic mass overlying the cerebral hemisphere and producing medial displacement of the Sylvian fiiure, midline shift, ventricular compression, sutural diastasis, changes in the sulcal pattern and echogenicity of the ipsilateral side of the brain. Hydrocephalus was the most common complication. It was the presence of cerebral complications and not the midline shift or ventricular compression which correlated with poor outcome.
Mammographically Indeterminate Microcalcifications ‐ Can We Do Any Better?
Authors: ALBERTYN LYNDA E. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTIn the first round of the mammographic screening program of the South Australian Breast X‐ray Service, 80 (0.73%) of the first 10,848 women screened over 18 months were referred after primary and second‐stage assessment for definitive histology because of microcal‐cifications. Obvious mass lesions associated with calcification were excluded from this study, as were women whose calcification was regarded as sufficiently benign to warrant routine rescreening in two years.
Aortic Aneurysm Presenting as Budd Chiari Syndrome
Authors: SAMLOK D.S. , SAHA M.M. , GAIHA M. , BUXI T.B.S. , SRIVASTAV M.P. , RIZVI S.N.A. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTBudd Chiari Syndrome is the eponymic designation of symptomatic post sinusoidal venous obstruction, whether or not this is associated with hepatic vein occlusion or vena caval obstruction. Dutta and associates (1) classified the syndrome into two distinct types. Type I involves obstruction to the hepatic veins while Type II pertains to an obstruction in the inferior vena cava above the entry of hepatic veins. We report a case of thoraco‐abdominal aortic aneurysm presenting as Type II Budd Chiari Syndrome.
CT Findings in ‘hberculous Spondylitis
Authors: PANTONGRAG‐BROWN LINDA , SWANWELA NITAYA 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe computed tomographic (CT) features of ten documented eases of spinal tuberculosis were analyzed. AN cases showed evidence of vertebral body destructioo, with paravertebral soft tissue masses. Four cases revealed extension of involvement into the neural arches Calcification within the paraspinal soft tissue was found in only two cases. Two of four cases who received intravenous contrast medium demonstrated evidence of rim enhancement around multilocuated fluid collections. Compared to conventional roentgenography, CT better delineated the extent of bony destruction, involvement of the spinal canal and existence of paraspinal soft tissue masses.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Occult Spinal Dysraphism
Authors: TRIPATHI R.P. , SHARMA NAY , JENA A. , GULATI PARVEEN , JAIN R.K. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA prospective study was carried out in 100 cases of suspected occult spinal dysraphic anomalies with Magnetic Resonance Imaging in order to determine its diagnostic efficacy as the initial imaging modality. MR imaging provided accurate preoperative information in 91 out of 92 cases (98.9%). Some of the unusual and interesting findings in the series were: presence of intrinsic cord abnormality in 19 out of 21 cases (90.4%) with a normal plain radiograph, 4 cases of diastematomyelia with a dermoid in the dorsal and lumbar region associated with syringohydromyelia, intradural fibrous/glial bands, sgringo‐hydromyelia/myelomalacia of the conus with tethered cord syndrome having a normally placed conus, and myelocystocele. It is concluded that MRI is an excellent primary diagnostic tool, together with a plain radiograph, for complete preoperative evaluation of mid‐tine spinal anomalies.