bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography to Differentiate Atypical Cardiac Myxoma From Thrombus
Authors: Zhang Nannan , Lan Chuanqiang , Du Zeliu , Lin Guihan , Zhong Yi , Fei Jingle , Liu Kan , Ji Jiansong , Lu Chenying 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
Atypical cardiac myxoma usually presents as an isolated mass attached to the atrial septum on imaging, with no movement and a wider attachment base. It is difficult to distinguish it from cardiac thrombus through conventional echocardiography or computed tomography (CT). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the value of CT coronary angiography imaging features in distinguishing atypical cardiac myxoma from cardiac thrombus.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study included patients with atypical myxoma of the heart confirmed by histopathology (n = 18) and with thrombus disappearance after anticoagulation treatment (n = 23). All patients underwent a third-generation dual-source CT coronary angiography. We compared the clinical features and CT coronary angiography image characteristics of the 2 groups and used maximum-intensity projection and multiplanar reconstruction to show neovascularization of atypical cardiac myxoma.

Results:
There are significant differences in the origin, surface, and enhancement patterns between atypical cardiac myxoma and thrombus (P < 0.05, respectively). Specifically, supplied vessels were observed in the atypical cardiac myxoma group, while no neovascularization was detected in the thrombus group (83.33% vs. 0%, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Noninvasive CT coronary angiography can help distinguish atypical cardiac myxoma and cardiac thrombus through imaging features, especially by detecting the supplying vessels. However, supplementary examinations such as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging are still needed to identify different cardiac tumors.
Management of Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures in Children
Authors: Zhang Difei , Lv Kun 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
Zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures in children can lead to severe aesthetic and functional complications, including pronounced facial asymmetry, visual impairment, associated ophthalmic injuries. The management of ZMC fractures in pediatric patients presents unique challenges. This article verified the feasibility of using absorbable plate through intraoral approach in the reduction and fixation of ZMC fractures in children.

Methods:
The operation was performed through the intraoral maxillary sulcus incisions. The 3D printed prototype and repaired models were used intraoperatively. The tooth germs in the maxilla were revealed by fenestration on the models. Collapsed fracture segments were reduced and fixed with absorbable plates at the infraorbital margin and upper end of the zygomatic alveolar ridge.

Results:
The patient's facial appearance was restored after the surgery. The postoperative CT showed good alignment of the fracture segments. The drilling holes at the zygomatic alveolar ridge were located outside the tooth germs region.

Conclusion:
The intraoral maxillary sulcus incision is suitable for treating ZMC fractures in children with Knight and North Group Ⅲ zygomatic fractures. Stable reduction can be achieved by using absorbable plates at the inferior orbital margin and the upper end of the zygomatic alveolar ridge. The 3D printed model with tooth germs revealed can provide practical reference value.
Sleep Induction in Pediatric EEG Recordings: Chloral Hydrate Versus Melatonin and Hydoxyzine
Authors: Güzin Yiğithan , Erdoğan Irmak , Baykan Mügen , Taşkırdı Elif D. , Yaman Özlem A. , Gençpınar Pınar , Baydan Figen , Dündar Nihal O. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
Electroencephalography (EEG) recording in pediatric patients is difficult because of patient compliance, and children who are unsuitable for behavioral training usually require sedation for EEG recordings. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of agents commonly used in daily practice for sleep induction on sleep transition, sleep architecture, and frequency of movement artifacts on EEG recordings.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis was made of the demographic data and sleep EEG recordings of patients who underwent sleep EEG because of suspected seizure between 2021 and 2022. The study included patients aged 4 to 18 years, and patients with a new or previous diagnosis of epilepsy were excluded from the study.

Results:
Evaluation was made of 88 patients, comprising 35 (39.8%) girls and 53 (60.2%) boys with a mean age of 10.6 ± 4.3 years. In the analysis of the patients who did not sleep at all during the EEG recording, the drugs administered to the patients for sedation were observed to be hydroxyzine in 4 (14.8%) patients, chloral hydrate in 1 (2.8%) patient, and melatonin in 5 (20%) patients. Sleep duration was seen to be longer and the rates of motion artifacts and awakening during filming were lower in the patients treated with chloral hydrate.

Conclusions:
The results of this study showed that chloral hydrate was the most effective drug for inducing sleep. There is a need for further similar prospective studies to be performed on patients diagnosed with epilepsy and those aged <4 years. Possible complications should be considered before using each agent for sleep induction.
Prevalence of psychological symptoms among Chinese land-lost farmers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies by using the SCL-90-R
Authors: Wu Rui-Yao , Ge Lin-Feng , Zhong Bao-Liang 
Published: February 2025

Purpose of this review
Land-expropriated farmers have become a large and rapidly growing subpopulation in recent decades due to China's unprecedented industrialization and urbanization. Land appropriation has detrimental effects on the mental health of land-lost farmers. However, existing studies have conflicting findings on the severity and types of psychological symptoms among land-lost farmers compared to the general population. This review presents a meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies that assessed the psychological symptoms of land-lost farmers using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R).

Recent findings
Major Chinese- and English-language databases were searched and eight eligible studies reporting the SCL-90-R subscale scores and standard deviations among Chinese land-lost farmers were included. Meta-analysis results showed that, among land-lost farmers, phobia was the most prominent psychological symptom (Cohen's d = 0.55), followed by depression (d = 0.42), somatization (d = 0.38), anxiety (d = 0.35), interpersonal sensitivity (d = 0.29), and hostility (d = 0.25).

Summary
Chinese land-lost farmers exhibit several significant psychological symptoms, including phobia, depression, somatization, anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity, and hostility. These data suggest a pressing need to integrate mental health support into existing social services and policies aimed at assisting land-lost farmers.
Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: when, what, and is it remediable?
Authors: Guzman Ashlee , Harvey Philip D. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose of review
Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia (SCZ) is very common and functionally relevant, being a consistent predictor of the ability to perform critical functional skills and real-world activities, such as residential independence, self-care, productive, and social activities. These impairments are not exclusive to individuals with SCZ; they are also observed in people with bipolar disorder and other mood disorders. Here, we review recent findings in the nature, determinants, and treatment of cognitive impairments with a focus on SCZ and linkage to other closely related conditions.

Recent findings
Recent studies have identified multiple levels of similarity in cognitive functioning across psychiatric conditions and identified a number of efficacious treatments. So much successful work has taken place in training-focused treatment domains that multiple meta-analyses have catalogued the level of gains, the predictors of gains, the optimal strategies, and the durability of improvement. There is also convincing evidence for the first time of pharmacological cognitive enhancement with a mechanism that is plausible for cross-diagnostic impact.

Summary
Clinicians need to consider cognitive functioning and not just in people with SCZ. Available treatments should be considered, including suggesting computerized cognitive and skills training across the full spectrum of conditions and the lifespan. Attending to new developments in pharmacological interventions will be critical, as there is at least one very promising candidate compound approved for the general treatment of SCZ with evidence of wide-ranging benefits. Other medications are in phase 2 and 3 trials and may be approved.
Balancing preferences and constraints around nurses shift scheduling across healthcare organisations: a qualitative study
Authors: Barker Hannah Ruth , Griffiths Peter , Dall’ora Chiara 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimTo understand how preferences and constraints of nursing staff, nurse managers and hospital directors interact and influence decisions around nurse shift patternsBackgroundGlobally, many nursing staff have expressed intention to leave the profession and high levels of stress and burnout. Shift patterns are often cited as a key driver of negative nurse outcomes. How preferences and constraints of staff groups involved in nurse shift scheduling interact to shape decisions remains unexplored.DesignQualitative study. We interviewed 17 nursing staff, 5 nurse managers and 6 hospital directors.MethodsStaff were recruited through 5 NHS Trusts based in the North, Midlands, East and South of England. The results were analysed using inductive and deductive framework analysis.ResultsThree themes were identified that influenced nurses’ decisions for shift scheduling: 1/ Balancing Choice with Consistency, Predictability and Flexibility; 2/Adequate Rest and Recovery Between Shifts; and 3/Enjoyment and Engagement at Work. There was a meta-theme of conflicting priorities for shift scheduling between nursing staff, nurse managers and hospital directors across these three themes.ConclusionsDifferent priorities for shift scheduling of nursing staff, nurse managers and hospital directors created potential or actual conflict. Solutions appeared to consist of compromises where priorities of different staff groups were simultaneously upheld to an acceptable level. This occurred through collaborative interactions across staff groups.Implications for PracticeNursing staff, nurse managers and hospital directors can facilitate choice and flexibility and navigate conflicts in nurse shift scheduling through collaborative approaches that enhance awareness and effective communication.Reporting MethodQualitative data was reported using the EQUATOR checklist COREQ. No Patient or Public ContributionWhat does this paper contribute to the wider global clinical community?Collaborative approaches can influence conflicting priorities of staff groups in relation to nurse shift scheduling.Staff understanding other staff priorities for nurse shift scheduling enhances awareness.
Phylo-Plex: A phylogenetically informed, low-cost amplicon sequencing platform for deployable high-resolution genomic epidemiology
Authors: Beale Mathew A , Shetty Vignesh , Ambridge Kirsty E , Lacey George , Dougan Sam , Roberts-Sengier William , Sampher Beth , Lassalle Florent , Dorman Matthew J , Mahlangu Mahlape P , Venter Johanna ME , Da Costa Dias Bianca , Chipinduro Martha , Washaya Tendai M. , Rodgers Luanne , Makamure Beauty , Dauya Ethel , Marks Michael , Müller Etienne E. , Ferrand Rashida A , Thomson Nicholas R 
Published: February 2025

AbstractGenomic pathogen surveillance is a powerful tool for public health and research, but is costly and unachievable in low-resource settings. Most sub-genomic typing methods sacrifice resolution whilst remaining costly. We developed “Phylo-Plex”, a novel approach that identifies information-rich genomic regions to maximise phylogenetic information whilst minimising the number of regions. Applied toTreponema pallidum, we designed a high-resolution multiplex PCR sequencing scheme for lineage tracking. Using MinION Flongle cells, we sequenced 72 clinical samples. OurT. pallidumscheme comprising 59 multiplex amplicons achieved high discrimination of fine-scale sublineages comparable to those defined using whole genomes, and demonstrating a qPCR detection limit ≤Ct 32. Variant calls from MinION amplicon sequencing were highly correlated with Illumina whole genome sequencing. We successfully deployed the method in a low-resource laboratory in Zimbabwe, costed at <£300/24 samples (£12.47/sample). Phylo-Plex enables low-cost tracking of priority pathogenic lineages in low resource settings and at scale.
Exploring PBP2a resistance in MRSA by comparison between molecular covalent docking and non-covalent docking
Authors: Cao Ye-Qiang , Shi Yi-Feng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe presence of penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) is the cause of Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA), which is important nosocomial pathogens worldwide and now are also of growing importance in community-acquired infection. The PBP2a resistance depends upon a supplementary peptidoglycan transpeptidase, which continues to function when normal PBPs have been inactivated by beta-lactam antibiotics. Analysis and quantitative study of the molecular interactions of PBP2a against β-lactam antibiotics are required, as they support explaining and enhance understanding of the structure-activity relationship of antibiotic resistance.MethodsBioinformatics and computational methods have been highly effective tools for β-lactams targeting PBPs to tackle the urgent threat of antimicrobial resistance. Regarding β-lactam antibiotics targeting PBP2a and PBPs, we applied different docking programs to illustrate inhibition mode, MM/GBSA to estimate the binding free energies, and molecular dynamic simulation to validate and analyze the molecular interactions.ResultsBased on β-lactam antibiotics targeting PBPs as covalent inhibitors, covalent docking was employed to provide explicit models of PBP2a against susceptible β-lactam antibiotics. The simultaneous use of non-covalent docking enhances our comprehensive comprehension of the resistance of PBP 2a, which resulted from the lack of covalent linked to β-lactam antibiotics. The selected antibiotics strongly interact with PBP2a, revealing the essential amino acid residues and binding affinity for inhibition. MD simulations were performed for the ligand-bound state of PBP-2a to explain their interaction and conformational changes. These findings are also strongly supported by root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF) and Hydrogen bond analysis of the protein-ligand complex.ConclusionsOur research offers extensive knowledge of the PBP2a-lactam interactions for the ability of known antibiotics to combat MRSA. The simulation results indicating stability and accuracy provide valuable insights for the advancement of pharmaceutical interventions against infectious diseasesAbstract FigureFigure abstract:The interaction of Methicillin with PBP2a of MRSA.The protein is shown as a cartoon model, and the covalent binding of the ligand and serine active site is shown as a stick model.
Bilayer-forming lipids enhance archaeal monolayer membrane stability
Authors: Saracco M. , Schaeffer P. , Tourte M. , Albers S.-V. , Louis Y. , Peters J. , Demé B. , Fontanay S. , Oger P. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractArchaeal membranes exhibit remarkable stability under extreme environmental conditions, a feature attributed to their unique lipid composition. While it is widely accepted that tetraether lipids confer structural integrity by forming monolayers, the role of bilayer-forming diether lipids in membrane stability remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the incorporation of diethers into archaeal-like lipid assemblies enhances membrane organization and adaptability under thermal stress. Using neutron diffraction, we show that membranes composed of mixed diethers and tetraethers exhibit greater structural order and stability compared to pure lipid systems. Contrary to expectations, monolayer-forming tetraethers alone display increased variability in lamellar spacing under fluctuating temperature and humidity, whereas mixed lipid membranes maintain a consistent architecture. Furthermore, neutron scattering length density profiles reveal an unexpected density feature at the bilayer midplane, challenging conventional models of archaeal monolayer organization. These findings suggest that molecular diversity of lipid molecules, rather than tetraether dominance, plays a critical role in membrane auto assembly, stability and adaptability. Our results provide new insights into archaeal membrane adaptation strategies, with implications for the development of bioinspired, robust synthetic membranes for industrial and biomedical applications.
Summing the parts: Improving population estimates using a state-space multispecies production model
Authors: Regular Paul M. , Koen-Alonso Mariano , Morgan M. Joanne , Pepin Pierre , Rideout Rick M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCarrying capacity is a fundamental concept in ecology that has inspired the development and application of a broad range of population models. In the context of fisheries science, production models have been employed globally to calculate carrying capacity and guide the sustainable use of fish populations. Production models have, however, been criticized for failing to account for species interactions and environmental effects. We aim to fill some of these gaps by introducing a novel state-space multispecies production model. We apply our extended model to commercially important demersal fish species off the east coast of Canada to assess its ability to reveal species interactions and the relative impacts of fishing and environmental effects. Our results indicate that accounting for species interactions increases the accuracy of biomass estimates for species within a community. The model also revealed strongly correlated process deviations, unrelated to fishing or density-dependent effects, which unexpectidly indicates that widespread collapses were primarily driven by a common environmental driver rather than fishing. Such inferences indicate that this may be a promising avenue for producing more holistic and accurate assessments for multiple species with relatively minimal data requirements (time-series of landings and fisheries-independent indices). Finally, this approach may serve as a stepping stone towards an ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management.
Economical Method to Construct a Prism-based TIRF Setup on an Existing Confocal Microscope to Perform smFRET Experiments
Authors: Agarwala Pratibha , Sasmal Dibyendu K. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTotal internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy enables observation of complex bio-assemblies and macromolecular dynamics in high spatial-temporal resolution at single-molecule level in real-time. With TIRF illumination, fluorophores near a sample substrate are excited by an evanescent field, thereby circumventing the axial diffraction limit of light. Prism-based TIRF (p-TIRF) microscopes are comparatively easy to use. They may be readily adjusted to meet the requirements of a broad range of experimental applications, such as to examine of macromolecular complexes, to study of the behaviour of vesicles and small organelles, the study of protein-DNA complexes at the single-molecule level. These experiments can give unique insights into the mechanisms driving the molecular interactions that underline many fundamental activities within the cell by providing information on fluctuation distributions and unusual events. Here, we report a detailed method to build a p-TIRF setup inexpensively using an existing confocal microscope where the same light source can be used for both systems. Furthermore, we provide a brief overview that aims to give the readers a stepwise tutorial protocol for building, assembling, aligning, and preparing the specimen to conduct single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) experiments using a custom-built p-TIRF setup. We believe that this article will be of assistance to labs that already have a confocal microscope and want to perform TIRF experiments for potential future applications.Research HighlightWe report here a simple and cost-effective method to build a prism-based TIRF setup on a laser scanning confocal microscope. The setup is affordable, and users can use both confocal and TIRF modes in the same setup with the same light source and optical components.Graphical Abstract
Prevalence of mental health illness in Nigeria: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Abubakar Aminu Kende , Yisa Mohammed Nakodi , Olukorode Sarah Oreoluwa , Musa Jolaade , Oyadiran Oluwafemi Temitayo , Okusanya Temitayo Rebecca , Ogunlade Samuel , Kuyebi Moshood Abiodun , Olofin Daniel , Omotayo Moshood Olanrewaju , Abioye Ajibola Ibraheem 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundMental health disorders pose a major public health challenge worldwide, with one in eight individuals affected, particularly by anxiety and depression. In Nigeria, mental health issues are similarly prevalent, yet access to mental healthcare remains limited. Recent policy initiatives have increased governmental interest, but mental health research in Nigeria remains limited and fragmented.MethodsThis protocol outlines a systematic review and meta-analysis methodology to quantify the prevalence of mental health disorders in Nigeria. The review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines and includes cross-sectional studies, surveys, and cohort studies providing prevalence data on mental disorders diagnosed by healthcare professionals or identified via validated screening tools in the country. Data sources include PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, and African Journals Online (AJOL), covering publications up to April 2024. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment will be conducted independently by multiple reviewers. A random-effects meta-analysis model will be used to synthesize data, with sensitivity and subgroup analyses to explore heterogeneity.DiscussionThis systematic review and meta-analysis provides an estimate of the prevalence of mental health disorders in Nigeria, informing future public health policy and resource allocation. These findings will contribute significantly to understanding mental health in Nigeria and support the development of effective strategies and policies.Systematic review registration: This protocol is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024559090).