bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary angiosarcoma of the cuboidal bone: A case report
Authors: Khiyami Amer , Green Linda K. , Gyorkey Ferenc , Landon Glen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrimary angiosarcorna of bone is a rare neoplasm. The unique cytomorphologic and ultrastructural aspects of a primary angiosarcoma of the cuboid bone diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration are presented. Smears and cell block preparations revealed single and clustered large, pleomorphic, and spindle‐shaped cells with a markedly hemorrhagic background. Electron microscopy revealed characteristic features of endothelial cells including rare Weibel‐Palade bodies. The clinical, cytologic, histologic, and ultrastructural aspects of the case are discussed.
Primary diagnosis of disseminated fungal disease by fine‐needle aspiration of soft‐tissue lesions
Authors: Sherman Mark E. , Orr James E. , Balogh Karoly , Bardawil Ronald G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo cases of disseminated fungal infections diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration of soft‐tissue masses are presented. Both patients were initially treated on an outpatient basis for a presumed musculoskeletal disorder before the diagnostic biopsy was obtained. The first patient apparently contracted Coccidioides immitis infection while residing in Arizona, but the diagnosis was rendered on an aspirate of a buttock mass performed in Boston. The second patient, a non‐insulin‐dependent diabetic, was diagnosed with a cryptococcal abscess on an aspirate of a shoulder mass performed in the emergency room. The diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis was confirmed by culture and that of Cryptococcus by serology. Fungal infection was clinically unsuspected in both patients and the cytologic diagnosis facilitated rapid implementation of therapy.
Metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Cytologic features of 18 cases
Authors: Grenko Ronald T. , Shabb Nina S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cytologic features of 18 fine‐needle aspirates (FNAs) of metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma from 17 patients were examined. The 12 males and 5 females had a median age of 45 years (range 17‐75 years). Six were white, five Oriental, four Hispanic, and two black. All patients had mid‐ or upper‐cervical lymphadenopathy (14 bilateral, 3 unilateral). Seven developed widespread metastasis (bone, 5; lung, 2; liver, 1; adrenal, 1; soji tissue, 1). The FNAs were from cervical lymph nodes (15), liver (1), adrenal (1). and soft tissue (1). Most aspirates showed similar cytologic features. Tumor cells were present singly and in syncytial groups with overlapping moderately pleomorphic oval to spindle‐shaped nuclei with thin, slightly irregular nuclear contours, moderately hyperchromatic chromatin, and usually one or two prominent nucleoli. The cytoplasm was scant and pale with ill‐defined borders. Mitoses were frequent. Mature lymphocytes were common in the background of lymph node aspirates. Electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry confirmed the epithelial nature of the tumor in four cases. Although the cytologic features of metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are characteristic, other poorly differentiated neoplasms need to be considered. Clinical and radiologic data are helpful in supporting the cytologic diagnosis.
The determination of papanicolaou smear adequacy using a semiquantitative method to evaluate cellularity
Authors: Valente Philip T. , Schantz H. Daniel , Trabal Jose F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo examine the influence of sample cellularity and the presence of endocervical columnar cells on the detection of cervical dysplasia, Papanicolaou (Pap) smears taken from patients with biopsyproven CIN II and III were analyzed retrospectively. Adequacy was semiquantitated by dividing each smear into 15 equal areas using a lined template and assigning an adequacy index (AI) of 0 to 15. The total false‐negative (FN) rate was 15.8 percent, with 6.1% representing interpretive error and 9.7% representing sampling error. For FN slides truly lacking abnormal cells, the average AI was significantly lower than that of true positives (TP), even when endocervical columnar cells were present. The entire group was then blindly re‐evaluated using a subjective application of the Bethesda System, classifying slides as satisfactory, less than optimal, and unsatisfactory. Although correlation of AI with the rapid Bethesda System categorization was imperfect, the exclusion of less than optimal and unsatisfactory smears also lowered the FN rate, but less effectively. An AI scoring technique, therefore, may be useful in the routine evaluation of Pap smear adequacy.
Cytologic differentiation between proliferative and nonproliferative breast disease in mammographically guided fine‐needle aspirates
Authors: Masood Shahla , Frykberg Eric R. , McLellan Garey L. , Dee Supranee , Bullard J. Britt 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is considered a valid diagnostic procedure in management of patients with breast lesions. It is also important to differentiate benign nonproliferative change from proliferative breast changes, since the risk of development of breast carcinoma in patients with atypical hyperplasia is 4–5 times that of general population. Therefore, the recognition of proliferative breast disease with atypia significantly impacts on the patient's subsequent management. To assess the feasibility of a cytologic grading system to further characterize benign breast lesions, cytologic preparation of 87 mammographically guided FNABs were studied. Cellular aspirates were evaluated for the cellular arrangement, the degree of cellular pleomorphism and anisonucleosis, presence of myoepithelial cells and nucleoli, and the status of the chromatin pattern. Values ranging from 1 to 4 were assigned to each cytologic criterion, and a score based on the sum of the individual values was calculated for each case. The minimum score attainable was thus 6. In our chosen criteria, cytologic diagnosis of nonproliferative disease was entertained when the total score ranged from 6 to 10. Proliferative disease without atypia was diagnosed with a total score ranging from 11 to 14. Atypical hyperplasia was reported when the total score ranged from 15 to 18. A cytologic diagnosis of malignancy was entertained when the total score ranged from 19 to 24. The cytologic diagnosis was then compared to the reported histologic diagnosis from the excisional biopsies and the data were statistically analyzed. A high degree of concordance was found between the cytologic jndings and the histologic diagnosis. This study suggests that it is possible to apply a cytologic grading system to further subclassify benign breast disease and distinguish these forms from neoplastic lesions.
A case of neurilemoma (Schwannoma) that mimicked a pleomorphic adenoma (an example of potential pitfall in aspiration cytodiagnosis)
Authors: Gupta Raj K. , Dowle Carl S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNeedle‐aspiration cytology of a case of benign neurilemoma (Schwannoma) from the neck is presented. It was clinically diagnosed as an enlarged lymph node, while on aspiration cytology, it was diagnosed as a pleomorphic adenoma. An excision biopsy, however, was diagnostic of neurilemoma. A review of cytologic material was undertaken, and it was felt that the cytologic features in Papanicolaou stained preparations in the aspirate were present that initially should have enabled the correct cytodiagnosis and distinction from a pleomorphic adenoma. The findings presented in this study were considered to be an example of a potential pitfall in the aspiration cytodiagnosis of a neurilemoma.
Cytomegalovirus endocervicitis diagnosed by cervical smear
Authors: Gideon Kent , Zaharopoulos Paul 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytomegalovirus (CMV) cytologic changes were found in a routine cervical smear of a 21‐yr‐old HIV‐negative woman, 4 wk post partum. The CMV changes were associated with columnar cervical epithelium. The case is reported because of the rarity of such an occurrence in cervical smears.
Cytologic diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma of the liver with fine‐needle biopsy
Authors: Kaw Yao Tek , Esparza Alfredo R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe present the cytopathologic findings in seven cases of cavernous hemangiomas of the liver diagnosed by direct “squash” smears made on tissue obtained through image‐guided fine‐needle biopsy. The diagnosis in each case was confirmed histologically. Utilizing this simple cytologic technique, the morphologic findings in these common hepatic lesions are as accurate and diagnostic as histologic examination.
Extrapulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastic pseudotumor: A potential cytologic trap in childhood
Authors: Macleod Carla B. , Wakely Paul E. , Frable William J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA previously healthy 20‐mo‐old infant presented with a right leg limp and was discovered to have a palpable intra‐abdominal mass. Radiographic studies showed the mass arising from the right psoas muscle. Preoperative clinical diagnosis was probable sarcoma. Percutaneous fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of the mass was interpreted as a sarcoma based on the abundant cellularity of spindled shaped mesenchymal cells. Exploratory laparotomy showed the mass to be unresectable. Histologic and ultrastructural examination of biopsy fragments, however, revealed an inflammatory myofibroblastic pseudotumor. Radiographic follow‐up showed a gradual disappearance of the mass. The infant was clinically well at a clinic visit one year following surgery. This case serves to illustrate the aspiration cytology of an uncommon benign tumor‐like proliferation that, when located in an unusual anatomic site, has the potential to mislead the cytopathologist into a malignant interpretation.
The diagnostic impact of needle aspiration cytology of the breast on clinical decision making with an emphasis on the aspiration cytodiagnosis of male breast masses
Authors: Gupta Raj K. , Naran Sarla , Dowle Carl S. , Simpson John S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOur experience with a total of 7,231 needle aspirates of the breast was reviewed. Ninety‐nine cases from the total of 7,231 aspirates studied were from male patients. While an aspiration cytodiagnosis of gynecomastia was made in most of these cases, carcinoma was diagnosed in four cases. Although a clinical distinction between male breast cancer and gynecomastia is often difficult, we found needle aspiration cytology a very useful initial investigation for making this distinction.
Black thyroid: A pitfall for aspiration cytology
Authors: Keyhani‐Rofagha Sedigheh , Kooner Dilbagh S. , Landas Steven K. , Keyhani Manucher 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBlack thyroid discoloration following long‐standing use of minocycline has been reported. Morphologic findings of aspiration cytology of these lesions was first reported from The Ohio State University. This abstract describes a second case of black thyroid that was preceded by aspiration cytology. In both cases, thyroidectomies were performed based on “indeterminate” fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Degenerative changes in follicular epithelial cells in black thyroid causes nuclear hyperchromasia and chromatin clumping, which may be mistaken for neoplasia. Pigment present in follicular epithelial cells and macrophages may be obscured by pigments with similar microscopic appearances, such as hemosiderin. A clinical history of the chronic use of a tetracycline derivative should alert the pathologist to the possibility of black thyroid. Diagnosis may be made by applying special stains on the cell block. The pigment stains with Melanin stain (Fontana) and bleaches with potassium permanganate. In the light of increasing use of FNAC of the thyroid gland and the large number of patients who received tetracycline therapy in the last two decades, it is likely that some practicing cytopathologists may experience this pitfall.
Accuracy of bronchial aspiration cytology in typing operable (stage I‐II) pulmonary carcinomas
Authors: Barbazza Renzo , Toniolo Lamberto , Pinarello Antonella , Scapinello Antonio , Falconieri Giovanni , Bonito Luigi Di 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe accuracy of bronchial aspiration cytology in typing resectable (stage I‐II) lung cancer has been investigated in 100 cases, comparing preoperative cytologic features with pulmonary tumor histology seen at surgery. The accuracy has been 100% for small‐cell carcinoma (two cases), 98.8% for squamous‐cell carcinoma (86 cases), and 91.6% for adenocarcinoma (12 cases). The overall accuracy rate has been 98%. No case of undifferentiated large‐cell carcinoma has been identified. It is suggested that the high accuracy in cytologic typing of operable lung cancer is basically related to adequate preservation of differentiation features, thus allowing for correct identification of most non‐small‐cell carcinoma. Moreover, the absence in this study of any large‐cell carcinoma, compared with its frequency in advanced stage series, would indicate that such a histotype reflects excessive dedifferentiation of an original squamous or glandular form.
A logistic model for thyroid lesions
Authors: Basu D. , Jayaram G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed in 27 cases of papillary carcinoma thyroid (PC), 20 follicular neoplasms (FN), 30 cases of Grave's disease (GD), and 40 cases of colloid adenomatous goitre (CAG). The three most important variables in predicting PC were papillary clusters, dense cytoplasm, and intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions, whereas the predictors of FN were high cellularity combined with a prominent acinar pattern. A few cases of GD and CAG showed a cytologic overlap with PC and FN, respectively. Regression analysis established high cellularity, fire flare appearance, and epitheloid granulomas as reliable predictors of GD, whereas abundant colloid with or without foam cells and follicles associated with colloid (FAC) were important variables in CAG.
Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid: A cytological, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural study
Authors: Bose Shika , Kapila Kusum , Verma Kusum 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cytomorphological features of 38 cases of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid on FNAC were studied. These cases were retrieved from the files of the cytopathology laboratory. In addition, staining for calcitonin (19 cases), thyroglobulin (5 cases), neurone specific enolase (7 cases), and carcinoembryonic antigen (8 cases) was done. Electron microscopy was done in two cases. On morphology, the presence of amyloid together with cytoplasmic granules was found to be diagnostic. The plasmacytoid cell type and the mixed cell populations were most commonly observed. Pseudonuclear inclusions were seen in 58% of cases. Calcitonin was present in 74% of cases. NSE was noncontributory, whereas CEA was positive in one of the calcitonin negative cases.
A review of the fine‐needle aspiration cytology findings in human immunodeficiency virus infection
Authors: Strigle Stephen M. , Rarick Mark U. , Cosgrove Michele M. , Martin Sue Ellen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPatients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are subject to infections and neoplasms, which frequently result in palpable or radiologically identified masses. Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) offers a rapid, simple, and cost effective approach for diagnosis of these masses. During a 2‐yr period, 396 aspirates were performed on 362 HIV‐infected patients within the LAC‐USC Medical Center. Adequate material was obtained from 84% of the FNA, allowing the etiology of the mass to be determined in 90% of the cases by means of a combination of cytologic, microbiologic, and immunocytochemical procedures. Significant pathologic processes identified in these patients by means of FNA included reactive lymphoid proliferations (35%), abnormal lymphoid proliferations (12%), infections (12.5%), cystic (5.5%) and inflammatory processes (5%), nonlymphoid malignancies (4%), and salivary gland pathology (1%). We conclude that FNA is an appropriate initial diagnostic procedure in HIV positive patients presenting with mass lesions.
Comparison of immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization in the cytodiagnosis of genital herpetic infection
Authors: Kobayashi Tadao K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOver a 62‐month period, 53 patients were found to have cervicovaginal smears that contained cells consistent with, or equivocal cells for, a herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. The Papanicolaou‐destained smears from these cases were restrained in situ hybridization (ISH) with a biotinylated cloned DNA probe and immunocytochemistry (ICC) assay and were compared for the detection of HSV in cervicovaginal smears by two methods. Cytological findings classified the 53 slides into two groups, i.e., cytologically herpes positive (33 patients) and equivocal cases (20 patients). Each group was subdivided into two groups: group A was confirmed by ICC, and group B was confirmed by ISH technique. Of the 33 cellular samples containing cells considered to be consistent with a herpes infection, 15 (88%) of 17 were positive by means of ICC technique (group A), 6 (43%) of 14 were positive by ISH technique (group B).Of the 20 smears showing equivocal cell changes thought unlikely to be caused by an HSV infection, 6 (60%) of 10 were positive by ICC (group A), 2 (29%) of 7 were positive by ISH (group B). With the ISH technique, five smears showed dislodged cells from glass slides due to enzyme treatment and denaturation. The results revealed that the ICC technique is a rapid and reliable procedure and thus recommended for routine diagnosis of HSV infection. Moreover, ICC is easier to perform and interpret and is less expensive than ISH. Therefore, the ICC may be preferable to ISH for detecting HSV in routine Papanicolaou diagnostic work.
The value of fine‐needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of inflammatory pancreatic masses
Authors: Jorda M. , Essenfeld H. , Garcia E. , Ganjei P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn order to determine the accuracy of fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of inflammatory pancreatic masses (pseudocyst and abscess), we reviewed 91 FNAC specimens performed during 1985‐1989 at the University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Medical Center. All specimens were collected under computed tomographic guidance.A sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 98% were recorded in the diagnosis of inflammatory pancreatic masses. The sensitivity and specificity of the method in the diagnosis of malignant neoplasms were 79.5% and 100%, respectively.We conclude that fine‐needle aspiration cytology of pancreas is not only an important diagnostic tool in patients with pancreatic cancer, but can also be used to diagnose inflammatory masses of the pancreas. In fact, aspiration of such masses may not only be diagnostic, but also therapeutic in some patients.
Radiation‐induced changes in the breast: A potential diagnostic pitfall on fine‐needle aspiration
Authors: Dornfeld Jean M. , Thompson Sophie K. , Shurbaji Muhammad S. , Kannan Vaidehi , Kline Tilde S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe authors report a case of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) of a breast mass in a 36‐year‐old woman with previous history of lumpectomy and therapeutic radiation for breast carcinoma. The changes seen were interpreted as recurrent carcinoma, while subsequent biopsy showed only radiation changes. Radiation‐induced changes in breast tissue are a potential diagnostic pitfall. The characteristic cytopathologic changes and their differential diagnosis are discussed.
The cytology of pediatric masses: A differential diagnostic approach
Authors: Howell Lydia Pleotis , Russell Liisa A. , Holbrook Howard P. , Teplitz Raymond L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the United States, fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and other cytodiagnostic methods have been underutilized in the evaluation of masses in the pediatric age group. Cytopathologists and cytotechnologists are therefore relatively unfamiliar with the cellular features of lesions that occur in children. On the basis of the cytologic findings from 64 pediatric cases, including 56 FNABs and 8 intra‐operative imprints, a differential diagnostic approach to lesions in this age group is presented. The majority of cases can be placed into 1 of 5 cytomorphologic categories: (1) round‐cell pattern, (2) mixed inflammatory pattern, (3) spindle‐cell pattern, (4) epithelial pattern, and (5) cystic pattern. Once a cytomorphologic category is determined, evaluation for unique cellular features, special studies, and clinical correlation allows a specific diagnosis to be made in most cases. Pitfalls in pediatric cytopathology are illustrated by discussion of the following cases: a renal Burkitt's lymphoma mimicking a Wilms' tumor, a traumatic neuroma masquerading as a recurrent malignant schwannoma, Langerhans‐cell histiocytosis resembling granulomatous inflammation, and a cystic granuloma that mimicked a branchial cleft cyst. Consideration of these problems and use of the recommended diagnostic approach will aid in interpretation in this difficult area.
Cytology of transitional‐cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: Diagnostic yield and histologic basis
Authors: Dibonito Luigi , Musse Mohamed Moallim , Dudine Sandra , Falconieri Giovanni 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe diagnostic yield of cytology in histologically proven transitional‐cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder has been studied in 100 cases. Cytohistologic correlation rates were 20 percent, 61.7 percent, and 92.8 percent, respectively, for grade 1, 2, and 3 tumors. When further evaluated, G2 cases were segregated into 2 subcategories, G2a and G2b, based on histologic preservation of nuclear polarity, pleomorphism, and other cellular irregularities. Correlation rates were rather low for G2a cases (6/18, 33%) and high for G2b cases, (23/29; 79%). The prevalence of atypical cells was 2 (11.1%) cases in G2a and 16 (55.2%) cases in G2b. The results of this study confirm that cytology has an extremely varying diagnostic yield in urinary bladder TCC. Greater cell exfoliation, increased atypia, and a tendency to infiltration of G2b and G3 cases probably account for the higher diagnostic yield detected in these groups. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Supravital staining of synovial fluid with testsimplets
Authors: Reginato Antonio J. , Maldonado Irama , Reginato Anthony M. , Falasca Gerald F. , O'Connor Carolyn R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe explored the use of Testsimplet (TS) in synovial fluid (SF) analysis. TS is a glass slide coated with a dry mixture of methylene blue and cresyl violet, which in contact with one drop of SF provides a stained fresh preparation. We applied the TS to the study of 159 SFs of patients with different rheumatic diseases. In those SFs of patients with crystal‐associated diseases, the crystal search was performed both on unstained preparations and with TS. TS was as good as the Wright's and Papanicolaou stain in characterizing SF cells, lupus erythematosus cells, and detection of occasional bacteria. TS allowed a better visualization of Reiter's cells, cartilage fragments, synovial villi, fat droplets, and fibrin. Crystals were identified in every TS of those patients with crystal‐associated diseases. TS is a rapid and reproducible method of SF supravital staining. Crystals are well preserved for simultaneous examination with compensated polarized light. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.