bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When is profiling possible? Offense planning and aggression as moderators in predicting offender age from victim age in stranger rape
Authors: Goodwill Alasdair M. , Alison Laurence J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDebate continues with regard to the possibility of inferring an offender's characteristic features from crime scene details (the process of so‐called “offender profiling”). We argue that psychology generally has benefited from appreciating context in predicting behavior. In the same way, profiling would benefit from an appreciation of context in predicting characteristics. This “reverse” process is contingent on various “if…then” relationships. As one example, this paper demonstrates how profiling offender age from victim age is contingent on (i) the level of planning and (ii) the level of aggression displayed during the offense. Eighty‐five stranger rape case records formed the data set. Moderated regression analysis revealed that victim age is a significant predictor of offender age only in cases where the offender has (i) shown evidence of planning the attack and/or (ii) acts in a gratuitously aggressive manner. The theoretical bases for these findings may lie in the extent to which offenders disparately plan and target victims and how extreme aggressiveness in stranger rapes may relate to a near‐peer proxy for an offender's anger. The implications of the results for the processes and methods involved in offender profiling suggest that certain crime scene factors can have differential moderating effects on predictive outcomes. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Results of the multicenter first‐in‐man study of a novel scoring balloon catheter for the treatment of infra‐popliteal peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Scheinert Dierk , Peeters Patrick , Bosiers Marc , O'Sullivan Gerry , Sultan Sherif , Gershony Gary 
Published: November 2007

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the AngioSculpt® (ASC), a novel scoring balloon catheter designed to treat complex diffuse fibro‐calcific atherosclerotic lesions and avoid device slippage during deployment, in patients with infra‐popliteal disease.Methods:The ASC incorporates a flexible nitinol scoring element containing three or more spiral struts which encircle a minimally compliant balloon to create focal concentration of the dilating force. Patients scheduled for percutaneous intervention of infra‐popliteal arteries or planned amputation and with a reference vessel diameter of 1.5–3.5 mm were included in the study.Results:A total of 42 patients and 56 lesions were treated at five sites. Of these, 38 patients (90.5%) presented with critical limb ischemia (Rutherford Class ≥ 4). The ASC was successfully deployed in 98.2% (55/56) of lesions attempted and was used as primary therapy without stenting in 89.3% (50/56). Lesion morphology was complex, including moderate/severe calcification in 73%, lesion length 33.9 ± 42.2 mm, bifurcation in 26.8%, and ostial in 12.5%. There was no significant device slippage and no perforations. Post‐ASC dissections occurred in only six (10.7%) lesions and were minor or resolved with stenting. In 13 patients initially referred for amputation, ASC treatment resulted in limb salvage.Conclusions:The ASC is highly effective in a broad range of complex lesion morphologies, in most cases as stand‐alone therapy, is associated with a very low complication rate and avoids device slippage during deployment. Additional studies are planned to assess the long term efficacy of this promising new technology. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enantioselective Total Synthesis of the Oral Contraceptive Desogestrel by a Double Heck Reaction
Authors: Tietze Lutz F. , Krimmelbein Ilga K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA novel enantioselective total synthesis of the oral contraceptive desogestrel (2) is described, in which the tetracyclic steroid core is formed by a sequence of two consecutive Heck reactions. Conversion of the known enantiopure diketone 7 led to the chiral bicycle 6 which was used for a diastereoselective intermolecular Heck reaction with vinyliodide 5 to give 15. In the following intramolecular Heck reaction, the tetracyclic ring system was formed to give 4, from which the synthesis of desogestrel (2) was furnished.
Synthesis of Novel Migrastatin and Dorrigocin A Analogues from D‐Glucal
Authors: Anquetin Guillaume , Rawe Sarah L. , McMahon Kevin , Murphy Evelyn P. , Murphy Paul V. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe synthesis of a range of analogues of the migrastatin macrolide core has been achieved from tri‐O‐acetyl‐D‐glucal in order to facilitate structure–activity studies. Efficient macrolactone formation was achieved in the presence of a reactive olefin, by increasing steric hindrance in the olefin environment. Acyclic analogues of migrastatin, structurally related to dorrigocin A, have also been prepared from D‐glucal. The dorrigocin A analogues were prepared using the combination of the cross metathesis of ethyl 6‐heptenoate with a glycal derivative and a subsequent allylic rearrangement–alkene isomerisation reaction (Perlin reaction). A synthetic route is thus provided that will enable dorrigocin A analogues to be prepared in parallel to migrastatin analogues in the search for novel anti‐cancer and anti‐arthritic therapeutics. Biological evaluation of one migrastatin and one dorrigocin A sugar derived analogue show that they inhibit proliferation and serum‐induced migration of tumour and synovial cells at higher concentrations than evodiamine. Dorrigocin A analogues displayed similar potency to analogues of the migrastatin core.
Preferred Functionalization of Metallic and Small‐Diameter Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Nucleophilic Addition of Organolithium and ‐Magnesium Compounds Followed by Reoxidation
Authors: Wunderlich David , Hauke Frank , Hirsch Andreas 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCovalent sidewall addition to single‐walled nanotubes (SWNTs) of a series of organolithium and organomagnesium compounds (nBuLi, tBuLi, EtLi, nHexLi, nBuMgCl, tBuMgCl) followed by reoxidation is reported. The functionalized Rn‐SWNTs were characterized by Raman and NIR emission spectroscopy. The reaction of SWNTs with organolithium and magnesium compounds exhibits pronounced selectivity: in general, metallic tubes are more reactive than semiconducting ones. The reactivity of SWNTs toward the addition of organometallic compounds is inversely proportional to the diameter of the tubes. This was determined simultaneously and independently for both metallic and semiconducting SWNTs. The reactivity also depends on the steric demands of the addend. Binding of the bulky t‐butyl addend is less favorable than addition of primary alkyl groups. Significantly, although tBuLi is less reactive than, for example, nBuLi, it is less selective toward the preferred reaction with metallic tubes. This unexpected behavior is explained by fast electron transfer to the metallic SWNTs having low‐lying electronic states close to the Fermi level, a competitive initial process. The NIR emission of weakly functionalized semiconducting SWNTs, also reported for the first time, implies interesting applications of functionalized tubes as novel fluorescent reporter molecules.
Water Compatible Gold(III)‐Catalysed Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Ethers from Alcohols
Authors: Cuenca Ana B. , Mancha Gisela , Asensio Gregorio , Medio‐Simón Mercedes 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn efficient and broad‐scoped method for the preparation of unsymmetrical ethers from alcohols catalysed by the simplest and least expensive gold catalyst, NaAuCl4, is described for the first time. The procedure enables the etherification of benzylic and tertiary alcohols with moderate to good yields under mild conditions with low catalyst loading. Symmetrical ethers, the usual side products in the etherification of alcohols, were not detected in this case. The formation of the racemic ether from a chiral benzyl alcohol suggests the intermediacy of a carbocation, which has not previously been postulated for gold‐catalysed reactions involving alcohols.
Solution Structure of a DNA Duplex Containing a Biphenyl Pair
Authors: Johar Zeena , Zahn Alain , Leumann Christian J. , Jaun Bernhard 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHydrogen‐bonding and stacking interactions between nucleobases are considered to be the major noncovalent interactions that stabilize the DNA and RNA double helices. In recent work we found that one or multiple biphenyl pairs, devoid of any potential for hydrogen bond formation, can be introduced into a DNA double helix without loss of duplex stability. We hypothesized that interstrand stacking interactions of the biphenyl residues maintain duplex stability. Here we present an NMR structure of the decamer duplex d(GTGACXGCAG)⋅ d(CTGCYGTCAC) that contains one such X/Y biaryl pair. X represents a 3′′,5′′‐dinitrobiphenyl‐ and Y a 3′′,4′′‐dimethoxybiphenyl C‐nucleoside unit. The experimentally determined solution structure shows a B‐DNA duplex with a slight kink at the site of modification. The biphenyl groups are intercalated side by side as a pair between the natural base pairs and are stacked head to tail in van der Waals contact with each other. The first phenyl rings of the biphenyl units each show tight intrastrand stacking to their natural base neighbors on the 3′‐side, thus strongly favoring one of two possible interstrand intercalation structures. In order to accommodate the biphenyl units in the duplex the helical pitch is widened while the helical twist at the site of modification is reduced. Interestingly, the biphenyl rings are not static in the duplex but are in dynamic motion even at 294 K.
Sensing the Chirality of Dawson Lanthanide Polyoxometalates [α1‐LnP2W17O61]7− by Multinuclear NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Boglio Cécile , Hasenknopf Bernold , Lenoble Géraldine , Rémy Pauline , Gouzerh Pierre , Thorimbert Serge , Lacôte Emmanuel , Malacria Max , Thouvenot René 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLanthanide complexes of the chiral Dawson phosphotungstate [α1‐P2W17O61]10− were used to study the formation of diastereomers with optically pure organic ligands. The present work started with the full assignment of the 183W NMR spectra of [α1‐Yb(H2O)4P2W17O61]7− at different temperatures and concentrations, which allowed the structure of the dimerized form in aqueous solution to be established. Different enantiopure amino acids and phosphonic acids were screened as ligands. Both types allowed chiral differentiation by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy under fast‐exchange conditions. Functional groups with a good affinity for the oxo framework of the polyoxometalate were identified, and maps of the interactions between L‐serine and N‐phosphonomethyl‐L‐proline with [α1‐Yb(H2O)4P2W17O61]7− were established. This demonstrates the power of 183W NMR spectroscopy to elucidate the molecular recognition of inorganic molecules by organic compounds. N‐Phosphonomethyl‐L‐proline appears to be a convenient ligand to promote separation of the diastereomers and ultimately resolution of the enantiomers of [α1‐Yb(H2O)4P2W17O61]7−.
Cis‐Configured Aziridines Are New Pseudo‐Irreversible Dual‐Mode Inhibitors of Candida albicans Secreted Aspartic Protease 2
Authors: Degel Björn , Staib Peter , Rohrer Sebastian , Scheiber Josef , Martina Erika , Büchold Christian , Baumann Knut , Morschhäuser Joachim , Schirmeister Tanja 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA series of cis‐configured epoxides and aziridines containing hydrophobic moieties and amino acid esters were synthesized as new potential inhibitors of the secreted aspartic protease 2 (SAP2) of Candida albicans. Enzyme assays revealed the N‐benzyl‐3‐phenyl‐substituted aziridines 11 and 17 as the most potent inhibitors, with second‐order inhibition rate constants (k2) between 56 000 and 121 000 M−1 min−1. The compounds were shown to be pseudo‐irreversible dual‐mode inhibitors: the intermediate esterified enzyme resulting from nucleophilic ring opening was hydrolyzed and yielded amino alcohols as transition‐state‐mimetic reversible inhibitors. The results of docking studies with the ring‐closed aziridine forms of the inhibitors suggest binding modes mainly dominated by hydrophobic interactions with the S1, S1′, S2, and S2′ subsites of the protease, and docking studies with the processed amino alcohol forms predict additional hydrogen bonds of the new hydroxy group to the active site Asp residues. C. albicans growth assays showed the compounds to decrease SAP2‐dependent growth while not affecting SAP2‐independent growth.
Flow cytometry measurement of the labile iron pool in human hematopoietic cells
Authors: Prus Eugenia , Fibach Eitan 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIron is important for many biological processes, and its deficiency or excess is involved in pathological conditions. Although most iron is firmly bound (e.g., in hemoglobin), some, the labile iron pool (LIP), is bound to low‐affinity ligands. The level of LIP is regulated to meet the cell's requirements for iron but prevent excess. We describe herein a multiparameter flow cytometry procedure for measuring LIP in various human hematopoietic cells. Peripheral blood and bone marrow (BM) cells were loaded with calcein‐AM, washed, and then incubated with or without the high‐affinity iron‐chelator Deferiprone (L1). Specific cell subpopulations were identified based on side‐light scattering and expression of surface antigens. LIP was determined based on the ability of L1 to bind and remove iron from calcein and thereby increase the fluorescence emitted by the cells. Blood cells differ in their LIP content in the order monocytes > PMN > RBC > lymphocytes. Analysis of BM cells indicated a similar tendency among precursors of the different lineages. The results also showed that among myeloid precursors, LIP increases along cell maturation. Flow cytometry might be useful for evaluating LIP in various diseases and for studying the efficacy of iron‐chelators. © 2007 International Society for Analytical Cytology
Crystal and Magnetic Structure of Sr2MReO6 (M = Ni, Co, Zn) Double Perovskites: A Neutron Diffraction Study
Authors: Retuerto María , Martínez‐Lope María Jesús , García‐Hernández Mar , Fernández‐Díaz María Teresa , Alonso José Antonio 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA study of the crystallographic and magnetic structures of the oxides Sr2MReO6 (M = Ni, Co, Zn) was carried out on polycrystalline samples by using neutron powder diffraction (NPD) data. At room temperature the perovskite crystal structure is tetragonal, space group I4/m, and contains an almost completely ordered array of the tilted MO6 and ReO6 octahedra. When the temperature is decreased, Sr2CoReO6 and Sr2ZnReO6 undergo a phase transition to a monoclinic symmetry (P21/n space group). The low‐temperature magnetic structures, which were determined by NPD, show antiferromagnetic behavior for Sr2NiReO6 and Sr2CoReO6. For Sr2NiReO6, a antiferromagnetic structure was observed below TN = 30 K, which was characterized by a propagation vector of k = (1/2, 0, 1/2); this structure remains stable down to 2 K and shows an ordered magnetic moment of 1.3(5) μB for the Ni2+ ions. Sr2CoReO6 is an antiferromagnet below TN = 60 K and down to 2 K; the magnetic structure is defined by a propagation vector k = (0, 0, 1/2) and an ordered magnetic moment of 2.75(7) μB is refined for the Co2+ cations at 2 K. For Sr2ZnReO6, the magnetic measurements suggest the existence of an ordered magnetic array of Re6+ (5d1) spins, which cannot be observed by NPD data. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Zinc Complexes with the Chelating Amido‐Imino Ligand [1‐n‐Butyl‐2‐(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)iminoacenaphthen‐1‐yl]‐2,6‐diisopropylphenylamide (L): Synthesis, Molecular Structure and Reactivity of [(L)­ZnCl]2, (L)Zn‐nBu and (L)ZnN(SiMe3)2
Authors: Fedushkin Igor L. , Tishkina Alexandra N. , Fukin Georgii K. , Hummert Markus , Schumann Herbert 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDimeric [(L)ZnCl]2 (4) {L = [1‐n‐butyl‐2‐(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)iminoacenaphthen‐1‐yl]‐2,6‐diisopropylphenylamide} was prepared by treatment of the lithium salt of the ligand (LLi) with equimolar amounts of anhydrous ZnCl2. Treatment of 4 with KN(SiMe3)2 affords the bis(trimethylsilyl)amido compound (L)ZnN(SiMe3)2 (5). The alkylzinc complex (L)Zn‐nBu (6) is the product of the reaction between the adduct LLi·nBuLi (3) and ZnCl2. Compounds 4–6 were characterized by 1H NMR and IR spectroscopy. The molecular structures of 4 and 6 were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray analysis. In the solid state, the molecules of 4 exist as centrosymmetric, heterochiral dimers bridged by chlorine atoms, while compound 6 consists of monomeric molecules with three‐coordinate zinc atoms. The reactions of 6 with tert‐butanol, adamanthanol, 2,5‐di‐tert‐butylaniline and diphenylacetonitrile do not proceed with alkane elimination but with protonation of the ligand affording the amino‐imine LH (7). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Tetranuclear Lanthanide Aqua Hydroxo Complexes with Macrocyclic Ligand Cucurbit[6]uril
Authors: Gerasko Olga A. , Mainicheva Ekaterina A. , Naumova Marina I. , Yurjeva Olga P. , Alberola Antonio , Vicent Cristian , Llusar Rosa , Fedin Vladimir P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTetranuclear lanthanide aqua hydroxo complexes with two structural types of core – {Ln4(μ3‐OH)4(μ2‐OH)4}4+ [Ln = Pr (1), Nd (2), Eu (3), Gd (4), Tb (5)] and {Ln4(μ3‐OH)4(μ2‐OH)2}6+ [Ln = Er (6), Yb (7)] – were prepared by heating (130 °C) of aqueous solutions of lanthanide(III) chlorides, cucurbit[6]uril (C36H36N24O12, CB[6]), and 4‐cyanopyridine. The formation of Ln4 complexes results from the combined influence of the tetradentate coordination of the polycation by the portals of the macrocyclic ligand CB[6] and the chelating effect of the carboxylate ligands of isonicotinic acid generated as a result of hydrolysis of 4‐cyanopyridine. X‐ray diffraction analysis of 1–7 revealed the sandwich structure with the tetranuclear lanthanide complex situated between two macrocyclic molecules. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, and electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry. Luminescence spectra of 3 and 5 and magnetic properties of 4 were also studied.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Telomerase targeted oligonucleotide thio‐phosphoramidates in T24‐luc bladder cancer cells
Authors: Dikmen Z. Gunnur , Wright Woodring E. , Shay Jerry W. , Gryaznov Sergei M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBladder carcinoma is the second most common genitourinary malignancy. Treatment options for bladder cancer include surgery, combined with chemotherapy, radiation, and/or immunotherapy. The adjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy regimen have been widely used in locally invasive as well as metastatic disease. The evaluation of new active agents with improved tolerability has been the focus of investigations over the past decade with minimal overall improvements in outcomes. Telomerase activity has been found in ∼85–90% of all human tumors, but not in the majority of adjacent normal tissues. This suggests that telomerase may be an attractive target for the development of novel anticancer therapeutic agents. GRN163L is a lipid conjugated oligonucleotide N3′ → P5′ thio‐phosphoramidate, and is a potent telomerase RNA (hTR) template antagonist. In the present study, we show that the telomerase activity of T24‐luc bladder cancer cells is inhibited by 1 µM GRN163L within 24 h of incubation. After two weeks of exposure to GRN163L, T24‐luc cells became “clustered” whereas non‐cancerous normal human uroepithelial cells were not morphologically affected. Moreover, in vitro GRN163L treated T24‐luc bladder cancer cells entered G0/G1 arrest following 2 weeks of continuous exposure and stopped dividing. Mismatch control compound had no effect on normal bladder epithelial cells or T24‐luc cells. Additionally, a new generation of thio‐phosphoramidate oligonucleotides were designed and tested in T24‐luc cells and compared with GRN163L. The obtained results warrant further in vivo evaluation of GRN163L as a potential treatment for bladder cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 444–452, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
S100A8/A9, a key mediator for positive feedback growth stimulation of normal human keratinocytes
Authors: Nukui Takamasa , Ehama Ritsuko , Sakaguchi Masakiyo , Sonegawa Hiroyuki , Katagiri Chika , Hibino Toshihiko , Huh Nam‐Ho 
Published: November 2007

AbstractS100A8 and S100A9 are known to be up‐regulated in hyperproliferative and psoriatic epidermis, but their function in epidermal keratinocytes remains largely unknown. Here we show that (1) S100A8 and S100A9 are secreted by cultured normal human keratinocytes (NHK) in a cytokine‐dependent manner, (2) when applied to NHK, recombinant S100A8/A9 (a 1:1 mixture of S100A8 and S100A9) induced expression of a number of cytokine genes such as IL‐8/CXCL8, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CCL20, IL‐6, and TNFα that are known to be up‐regulated in psoriatic epidermis, (3) the S100A8/A9‐induced cytokines in turn enhanced production and secretion of S100A8 and S100A9 by NHK, and (4) S100A8 and S100A8/A9 stimulated the growth of NHK at a concentration as low as 1 ng/ml. These results indicate the presence of a positive feedback loop for growth stimulation involving S100A8/A9 and cytokines in human epidermal keratinocytes, implicating the relevance of the positive feedback loop to the etiology of hyperproliferative skin diseases, including psoriasis. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 453–464, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transcriptional regulation of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons: The full circle of life and death
Authors: Alavian Kambiz N. , Scholz Christian , Simon Horst H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSince mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons are associated to one of the most prominent human neurodegenerative ailments, Parkinson's disease, the molecular mechanism underlying their development and adult cellular properties has been the subject of intense investigations. Throughout life, transcription factors determine the fate of this neuronal population and control essential processes such as localization in the ventral midbrain, their neurotransmitter phenotype, their target innervations and synapse formation. Studies of transcription factors, such asNurr1,Pitx3,Engrailed‐1/2, andLmx1a/b, have not only revealed importance of these genes during development, but also roles in the long‐term survival and maintenance of these neurons. In this review, we will discuss the function of these transcription factors throughout the life of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons and their value in the study of the disease mechanism. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society