bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obese Mice Lacking Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Are Sensitized to the Metabolic Actions of Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-γ Agonism
Authors: Dallaire Patrice , Bellmann Kerstin , Laplante Mathieu , Gélinas Stéphanie , Centeno-Baez Carolina , Penfornis Patrice , Peyot Marie-Line , Latour Martin G. , Lamontagne Julien , Trujillo Maria E. , Scherer Philipp E. , Prentki Marc , Deshaies Yves , Marette André 
Published: May 2008

OBJECTIVE—Synthetic ligands for peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) improve insulin sensitivity in obesity, but it is still unclear whether inflammatory signals modulate their metabolic actions. In this study, we tested whether targeted disruption of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS), a key inflammatory mediator in obesity, modulates the metabolic effects of rosiglitazone in obese mice.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—iNOS−/− and iNOS+/+ were subjected to a high-fat diet or standard diet for 18 weeks and were then treated with rosiglitazone for 2 weeks. Whole-body insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance were determined and metabolic tissues harvested to assess activation of insulin and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathways and the levels of inflammatory mediators.
RESULTS—Rosiglitazone was found to similarly improve whole-body insulin sensitivity and insulin signaling to Akt/PKB in skeletal muscle of obese iNOS−/− and obese iNOS+/+ mice. However, rosiglitazone further improved glucose tolerance and liver insulin signaling only in obese mice lacking iNOS. This genotype-specific effect of rosiglitazone on glucose tolerance was linked to a markedly increased ability of the drug to raise plasma adiponectin levels. Accordingly, rosiglitazone increased AMPK activation in muscle and liver only in obese iNOS−/− mice. PPAR-γ transcriptional activity was increased in adipose tissue of iNOS−/− mice. Conversely, treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with a NO donor blunted PPAR-γ activity.
CONCLUSIONS—Our results identify the iNOS/NO pathway as a critical modulator of PPAR-γ activation and circulating adiponectin levels and show that invalidation of this key inflammatory mediator improves the efficacy of PPAR-γ agonism in an animal model of obesity and insulin resistance.
What is the role of local landscape structure in the vegetation composition of field boundaries?
Authors: Aavik Tsipe , Augenstein Isabel , Bailey Debra , Herzog Felix , Zobel Martin , Liira Jaan 
Published: May 2008

Abstract.Question: How distinct is the flora of field boundaries? How does the structure of field boundaries determine the composition of vegetation?Location: Estonia, six 4 km × 4 km agricultural areas.Methods: We studied the vegetation of fields and field boundaries using 2 m × 2 m sample plots. We estimated the frequency of species in both habitat types, applied an MRPP test to analyse the vegetation composition of field boundaries with various combinations of landscape features (ditches, roads, tree and bush layers) illustrating this by DCA ordination, and used indicator species analysis to determine the characteristic species of each boundary type.Results: Ca. 45% of the flora of field boundaries comprised species found on agricultural land. Most typical species in fields — agrotolerants — were also the most common in field boundaries. The vegetation of road verges and grassy boundaries consisted mainly of disturbance‐tolerant species. Woody boundaries were characterised by shade‐tolerant and nitrophilous species. Ditch banks included species typical of moist habitats and semi‐natural grasslands. Few threatened or protected species were observed.Conclusion: The vegetation composition of field boundaries varied due to the complex effects of landscape structure around and in these boundaries. Plant species in agricultural landscapes can be classified into two broad emergent groups on the basis of their different responses to agricultural disturbances — agrotolerant species and nature‐value species. Agrotolerant species are promoted by agriculture, nature‐value species include rare weeds and habitat specialists. We suggest that high‐nature‐value species should prevail in monitoring the effects of land‐use intensification on biodiversity rather than total species richness.
Denials in informal co‐witness conversations do not affect memory for witnessed events
Authors: Bücken Charlotte A. , Mangiulli Ivan , Otgaar Henry 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCampus sexual assault constitutes a frequent crime witnessed by many. Among co‐witnesses such assault is oftentimes denied. We examined how false denials during an informal co‐witness conversation impacted memory for the conversation and witnessed assault. Ninety participants watched a trauma‐analogue video with a co‐witness. The next day, honest control dyads engaged in an honest, informal discussion about the film. In lying dyads one participant falsely denied (internal false denial group) details during this informal discussion with their co‐witness (external denial group). One week later, participants' recognition memory for the video and conversation was tested. We did not replicate denial‐induced forgetting in that participants who falsely denied did not forget details of the previous conversation, relative to honest participants. Moreover, memory for the film was not statistically significantly affected by our manipulation. Thus, informal false denials might not negatively affect memory, despite previous research showing such effects in formal settings.
SAMHSA CoE offers Part 2 medical emergency exception tool
Authors: Knopf Alison 
Published: April 2024

The Center of Excellence for Protected Health Information (CoE‐PHI), funded by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, has released a new tool to help substance use disorder (SUD) treatment providers learn about the Medical Emergency Exception to 42 CFR Part 2, the federal regulation that protects the confidentiality of treatment records. The tool is designed to help SUD service providers identify what constitutes a medical emergency and who may receive SUD treatment records pursuant to this exception. Specifically, the tool's objectives are to describe what constitutes a medical emergency, identify when the medical emergency exception applies, and explain who may perceive records pursuant to this exception. This is an on‐demand module that can be accessed at any time. For more information, go to Part 2's Medical Emergency Exception.
Self‐Assembled Monolayer Hole‐Selective Contact for Up‐Scalable and Cost‐Effective Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wu Tianhao , Mariotti Silvia , Ji Penghui , Ono Luis K. , Guo Ting , Rabehi Ilhem‐Nadia , Yuan Shuai , Zhang Jiahao , Ding Chenfeng , Guo Zhanglin , Qi Yabing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInverted positive‐intrinsic‐negative (p‐i‐n) perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have attracted widespread attention due to their low fabrication temperature, good stability in ambient air, and the potential for use in flexible and tandem devices. In recent years, self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) have been investigated as a promising hole‐selective contact for IPSCs, leading to an impressive record efficiency of about 26%, which is comparable to that of the regular n‐i‐p counterparts. This review focuses on the progress of SAM‐based IPSCs from the perspective of energy level matching, defect passivation, interface carrier extraction, and SAMs’ stability improvement, as well as the advances in up‐scalable fabrication of SAMs and perovskite layers for efficient solar modules and tandem devices. A cost analysis of the SAMs and other commonly used hole‐selective materials is conducted to evaluate their cost‐effectiveness for photovoltaic applications. Finally, the future challenges are pointed out and the perspectives on how to up‐scale SAM‐based IPSCs and improve their long‐term operational stability are provided.
A High‐Sensitive Rubber‐Based Sensor with Integrated Strain and Humidity Responses Enabled by Bionic Gradient Structure
Authors: Yang Yunpeng , Kong Lingli , Huang Bai , Lin Baofeng , Fu Lihua , Xu Chuanhui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractReal‐time detection of different physiological characteristics is crucial for human physical and mental health. A detection system with multimodal sensing capability, high sensitivity, excellent mechanical properties, and environmental stability is highly desirable, but it is still a great challenge. Inspired by the structural gradient of biological tissues, a multifunctional sensor based on carboxylic styrene butadiene rubber (XSBR) and sodium polyacrylate (PAANa) non‐covalently modified MXenes is prepared in this study, in which the MXenes exhibit a gradient distribution and simultaneously formed an orientation arrangement at the bottom of the matrix through the formation of hydrogen bonding interactions with PAANa. The material shows a considerable stretchability of 244% and strength of 7.67 MPa, high electrical conductivity of 55.40 S m‒1, low percolation threshold of 2.48 wt%, and excellent response to strain (gauge factor of 906.7 within 98% strain) and humidity (relative resistance change of 530% within 11–93% relative humidity). Based on the superior performances of the XSBR/PAANa/MXene composite, an integrated detection system is designed to accurately detect respiration and body movements at various scales. This work provides a new perspective for the development of a novel biomimetic functional material for sensor applications.
Relay Catalysis of Fe and Co with Multi‐Active Sites for Specialized Division of Labor in Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction Reaction
Authors: Luo Hongxia , Li Shuangjun , Wu Ziyang , Jiang Miaomiao , Kuang Min , Liu Yanbiao , Luo Wei , Zhang Dieqing , Yang Jianping 
Published: April 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) driven by renewable energy is a promising technology for the removal of nitrate‐containing wastewater. However, the sluggish kinetics resulted from the complex proton‐coupled electron transfer and various intermediates remain the key barriers for large‐scale application of NO3RR. Herein, a tactic is reported to raise rate of NO3RR and increase selectivity to N2 using bimetal catalyst: Co is inclined to act on the key steps needed in NO3RR process, rate‐determining step (RDS: *NO3 to *NO2, the asterisk means intermediates) and the subsequent *N hydrogenation as well as Fe exhibits the efficient activity for the selectivity‐ determining step (SDS: *NO to *N then to N2) via a relay catalysis mechanism. A removal efficiency of 78.5% and an ultra‐long cycle stability of 60 cycles (12 h per cycle) are achieved on FeCo alloy confined with nitrogen‐doped porous carbon nanofibers (FeCo‐NPCNFs). DFT calculations unveil that the introduction of Co active site not only regulates the d‐band center of FeCo alloy, optimizes the adsorption of intermediates, but also has a strong capacity to supply active hydrogen species. Clearly, this study elucidates the effects of bimetallic relay catalysis on the performance of electrocatalytic NO3RR and offers avenues for designing Fe‐based catalysts to realize the nitrogen‐neutral cycle.
Tunable In Situ Synthesis of Ultrathin Extracellular Matrix‐Derived Membranes in Organ‐on‐a‐Chip Devices
Authors: Newton Jeremy D. , Song Yuetong , Park Siwan , Kanagarajah Kayshani R. , Wong Amy P. , Young Edmond W. K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThin cell culture membranes in organ‐on‐a‐chip (OOC) devices are used to model a wide range of thin tissues. While early and most current platforms use microporous or fibrous elastomeric or thermoplastic membranes, there is an emerging class of devices using extra‐cellular matrix (ECM) protein‐based membranes to improve their biological relevance. These ECM‐based membranes present physiologically relevant properties, but they are difficult to integrate into OOC devices due to their relative fragility. Additionally, the specialized fabrication methods developed to date make comparison between methods difficult. This work presents the development and characterization of a method to produce ultrathin matrix‐derived membranes (UMM) in OOC devices that requires only a preassembled thermoplastic device and a micropipette, decoupling the device and UMM fabrication processes. Control over the thickness and permeability of the UMM is demonstrated, along with integration of the UMM in a device enabling high‐resolution on‐chip microscopy. The reliability of the UMM fabrication method is leveraged to develop a medium‐throughput well‐plate format device with 32 independent UMM‐integrated samples. Finally, proof‐of‐concept cell culture experiments are demonstrated. Due to its simplicity and controllability, the presented method has the potential to overcome technical barriers preventing wider adoption of physiologically relevant ECM‐based membranes in OOC devices.
Transient Nanoscopy of Exciton Dynamics in 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Authors: Li Jingang , Yang Rundi , Higashitarumizu Naoki , Dai Siyuan , Wu Junqiao , Javey Ali , Grigoropoulos Costas P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe electronic and optical properties of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides are dominated by strong excitonic resonances. Exciton dynamics plays a critical role in the functionality and performance of many miniaturized 2D optoelectronic devices; however, the measurement of nanoscale excitonic behaviors remains challenging. Here, a near‐field transient nanoscopy is reported to probe exciton dynamics beyond the diffraction limit. Exciton recombination and exciton–exciton annihilation processes in monolayer and bilayer MoS2 are studied as the proof‐of‐concept demonstration. Moreover, with the capability to access local sites, intriguing exciton dynamics near the monolayer‐bilayer interface and at the MoS2 nano‐wrinkles are resolved. Such nanoscale resolution highlights the potential of this transient nanoscopy for fundamental investigation of exciton physics and further optimization of functional devices.
Meta‐Attention Network Based Spectral Reconstruction with Snapshot Near‐Infrared Metasurface
Authors: He Haoyang , Zhang Yuzhe , Shao Yujie , Zhang Yan , Geng Guangzhou , Li Junjie , Li Xin , Wang Yongtian , Bian Liheng , Zhang Jun , Huang Lingling 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNear‐infrared (NIR) spectral information is important for detecting and analyzing material compositions. However, snapshot NIR spectral imaging systems still pose significant challenges owing to the lack of high‐performance NIR filters and bulky setups, preventing effective encoding and integration with mobile devices. This study introduces a snapshot spectral imaging system that employs a compact NIR metasurface featuring 25 distinct C4symmetry structures. Benefitting from the sufficient spectral variety and low correlation coefficient among these structures, center‐wavelength accuracy of 0.05 nm and full width at half maximum accuracy of 0.13 nm are realized. The system maintains good performance within an incident angle of 1°. A novel meta‐attention network prior iterative denoising reconstruction (MAN‐IDR) algorithm is developed to achieve high‐quality NIR spectral imaging. By leveraging the designed metasurface and MAN‐IDR, the NIR spectral images, exhibiting precise textures, minimal artifacts in the spatial dimension, and little crosstalk between spectral channels, are reconstructed from a single grayscale recording image. The proposed NIR metasurface and MAN‐IDR hold great promise for further integration with smartphones and drones, guaranteeing the adoption of NIR spectral imaging in real‐world scenarios such as aerospace, health diagnostics, and machine vision.
2D WS2/WSe2(Er) Heterojunction for High Performance Photodetectors
Authors: Chen Yin , Liang Xianxiao , Liu Shaoxiang , Huang Zuqiang , Wu Zepeng , Liu Xiu , Xiao Zeyun , Peng Xiaoyu , Shi Xuan , Zhao Hongquan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract2D transition metal dichalcogenides and their heterojunctions have demonstrated great potentialities for applications in optoelectronics, and rare‐earth doping has proven an effective way for achieving high performance. Here, 2D WS2 and Er3+ in situ doped WSe2 are prepared by the chemical vapor deposition method. Thicknesses and atomic structures of the prepared WS2 and WSe2 are characterized by atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscope, while qualities of the membranes are characterized by photoluminescence spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The 13.7 and 15.8 at% of Er3+ doping concentration in WSe2 are examined by energy dispersive spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. Performances of photodetectors based on the WSe2 and Er3+ doped WSe2 membranes are characterized individually. A microregion fixed‐point transfer technique is used to transfer the monolayer WS2 onto the Er‐doped monolayer WSe2 to form vertical van der Waals heterojunctions. Excellent performances are measured from the monolayer WS2/WSe2(Er3+) heterojunction photodetector with a photoresponsivity (Rλ) of up to 40.5 A W−1 and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 8793%. The results prove the effectiveness of Er3+ in situ doping in WS2/WSe2(Er) heterojunctions for high‐performance photodetectors.
Building Models in Pairs for Cross‐Verification Using SDL and DEVS
Authors: Fonseca i Casas Pau , Ruiz Martin Cristina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe objective of the paper is to present a methodology that can be used to translate a model from one formalism to another allowing model reuse and cross‐verification. With the use of formal languages, the model specifications can be expressed in a rigorous and univocal way, and the model can be validated against the specifications or conceptual model. Expressing the same model in different formal languages opens the conceptual model validation to a varied number of specialists. Also, in the context of modeling a new system, where there is no data to perform validation against a real system, having pairs of models can be used to perform cross‐model verification to ensure that the model specifications or conceptual models are correctly implemented by comparing the results produced by both models. Specifically, a method is presented to translate a model conceptualized on specification and description language (SDL) to discrete event system specification (DEVS). The transformation mechanism between SDL and DEVS formalisms is described. The methodology is exemplified with a disease spread model for COVID‐19, and it is shown how the results obtained by the two models can be used for cross‐verification.
Deciphering the Role of Nickel in Electrochemical Organic Oxidation Reactions
Authors: Ghosh Suptish , Bagchi Debabrata , Mondal Indranil , Sontheimer Tobias , Jagadeesh Rajenahally V. , Menezes Prashanth. W. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOrganic oxidation reactions (OORs) powered by renewable energy sources are gaining importance as a favorable alternative to oxygen evolution reaction, with the promise of reducing the cell potential and enhancing the overall viability of the water electrolysis. This comprehensive review delves into the electrochemical oxidation of diverse organic compounds, including alcohols, aldehydes, amines, and urea, as well as biomass‐derived renewable feedstocks such as hydroxymethylfurfural and glycerol. The key focus centers on the role of nickel (Ni)‐based catalysts for these OORs. The unique redox activity and chemical nature of Ni have been proven instrumental for the sustainable and cost‐effective oxidation of various organic molecules more efficiently and selectively. This review article discusses how strategic choices, such as the selection of foreign metals, intercalating species, vacancies, defects, and a secondary element (e.g. chalcogens and non‐metals), contribute to tuning the electrochemical performances of a Ni‐based (pre)catalyst for OORs. Moreover, this review provides insights into the active species in various reaction environments and further explores reaction mechanisms, to apparent phase changes of the catalyst with the most relevant examples. Finally, the review not only elucidates the limitations of the current approaches but also outlines potential avenues for future advancements in OOR.
CAR T‐cell therapy induces a high rate of prolonged remission in relapsed primary CNS lymphoma: Real‐life results of the LOC network
Authors: Choquet Sylvain , Soussain Carole , Azar Nabih , Morel Véronique , Metz Carole , Ursu Renata , Waultier‐Rascalou Agathe , di Blasi Roberta , Houot Roch , Souchet Laetitia , Roos‐Weil Damien , Uzunov Madalina , Quoc Stéphanie Nguyen , Jacque Nathalie , Boussen Inès , Gauthier Nicolas , Ouzegdouh Maya , Blonski Marie , Campidelli Arnaud , Ahle Guido , Guffroy Blandine , Willems Lise , Corvilain Emilie , Barrie Maryline , Alcantara Marion , le Garff‐Tavernier Magali , Psimaras Dimitri , Weiss Nicolas , Baron Marine , Bravetti Clotilde , Hoang‐Xuan Khê , Davi Frédéric , Shor Natalia , Alentorn Agusti , Houillier Caroline 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe prognosis of relapsed primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) remains dismal. CAR T‐cells are a major contributor to systemic lymphomas, but their use in PCNSL is limited. From the LOC network database, we retrospectively selected PCNSL who had leukapheresis for CAR‐T cells from the third line of treatment, and, as controls, PCNSL treated with any treatment, at least in the third line and considered not eligible for ASCT. Twenty‐seven patients (median age: 68, median of three previous lines, including ASCT in 14/27) had leukapheresis, of whom 25 received CAR T‐cells (tisa‐cel: N = 16, axi‐cel: N = 9) between 2020 and 2023. All but one received a bridging therapy. The median follow‐up after leukapheresis was 20.8 months. The best response after CAR‐T cells was complete response in 16 patients (64%). One‐year progression‐free survival from leukapheresis was 43% with a plateau afterward. One‐year relapse‐free survival was 79% for patients in complete or partial response at CAR T‐cell infusion. The median overall survival was 21.2 months. Twenty‐three patients experienced a cytokine release syndrome and 17/25 patients (68%) a neurotoxicity (five grade ≥3). The efficacy endpoints were significantly better in the CAR T‐cell group than in the control group (N = 247) (median PFS: 3 months; median OS: 4.7 months; p < 0.001). This series represents the largest cohort of PCNSL treated with CAR T‐cells reported worldwide. CAR T‐cells are effective in relapsed PCNSL, with a high rate of long‐term remission and a reassuring tolerance profile. The results seem clearly superior to those usually observed in this setting.