bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital Game as A Media to Increase Cognitive Intelligence of 13-18 Years Old Teenagers
Authors: Edbert Ivan Sebastian , Tsaniya Devita Azka , Constantino Bernico , Riandy Geary , Aulia Alvina , Nadia Nadia 
Published: February 2024

Nowadays, Cognitive Intelligence plays an essential role especially on making decisions. The growth of digital media makes public thinks that video games are addictive. They think that video games are addictive and damaging. Games are design to refresh, challenge and help people to train their problem solving. In this research, the researcher explored the cognitive development of teenagers aged 13-18 with a puzzle-based digital game. Participants were 15 students studying in junior and senior high school. Participants were given three tests: pre-test and post-test by IQ test and a Game Engagement Questionnaire (GEQ) to explore the game's engagement from the participants' perspective. The average of Pre-Test is 113.2, while the Post-Test is 118.33. This Show that after playing the games it increases the IQ of the students. The researcher also discovered that many factors could influence the outcome of participant IQ. The GEQ shows that the participants agreed that some of the puzzle-based game might be a good or bad influence on them.
Keywords: Cognitive Intelligence; Digital Games, Formal Operational Game-based Learning, Jean Piaget's Theory
Validation of the Russian version of the Social Media Disorder Scale (SMDS) questionnaire in adolescents
Authors: Tereshchenko S. Yu. , Evert L. S. , Kostyuchenko Yu. R. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction.An urgent medical and social problem at present is the need to develop nationally adapted versions of the questionnaire for assessing dependence on social networks, which is due to the avalanche-like increase in the prevalence of this phenomenon, especially among adolescents and youth, and often associated with disorders of the neuropsychic and somatic spectrum.Aim.Validation of the English-language Social Media Disorder scale (SMDS) questionnaire based on 9 criteria, including psychopathological aspects of engagement with social networking sites.Materials and methods.After the procedures of direct and reverse translation of the questionnaire, the psychometric validation of the test was carried out on a Russian-speaking sample of 3074 adolescents aged 11–19 years (46.1% of boys and 53.9% of girls, median age 14 (13–16) years) – students of 10 educational institutions in Krasnoyarsk. The external validity of the SMDS- RU questionnaire was assessed using the following methods: Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS) – to assess the presence of Internet addicted behavior; the Strengths and Challenges Questionnaire (SDQ) – to analyze the mental health of the subjects.Results.Expiratory and confirmatory factor analyzes demonstrated good agreement between the test components. The results of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed its single-factor structure (CFI = 0.9, TLI = 0.9, RMSEA = 0.06), an acceptable Cronbach’s Alpha value (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.7) indicates its sufficient internal consistency and reliability. The external validity of the SMDS-RU questionnaire was confirmed by established associations with the results of the Chen Internet Addiction Test (CIAS) and the Strengths and Challenges Questionnaire (SDQ) by R. Goodman. Test-retest reliability when measured at 6-month intervals also demonstrated acceptable results: the Spearman correlation coefficient between the sums of scores of two measurements was 0.66, p < 0.001.Conclusion.The Russian-language version of the Social Network Addiction Questionnaire (SMDS-RU) developed for teenagers has sufficient information content, reliability, internal and external validity and can be actively used in the Russian adolescent population.
Optimal duration of breastfeeding
Authors: Gmoshinskaya M. V. , Aleshina I. V. , Vorobyova I. N. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction. The question of the optimal timing of cessation of lactation from the perspective of maternal-child relationships remains controversial.Aim. Тo determine the optimal timing for stopping breastfeeding based on data on the formation of the child’s personal characteristics and the relationship with the mother.Materials and methods. The results of a prospective study of mother-child relationships during the period of cessation of breastfeeding are presented. The age of the child was assessed at the termination of breastfeeding, the difficulties experienced by the mother and the child at its termination (affective attachment, characteristics of the child’s behavior). Observation was carried out in the classroom in the group of short-term stay in preschool conditions 1–2 times a week for at least 1.5 hours. 108 mother-child pairs were under observation. Depending on the duration of breastfeeding, couples were divided into two groups. The first group – 64 children who are breastfed for no more than 18 months, the second group – 44 children who are breastfed for more than 18 months. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out using the Excel program using Student’s t-test and Pearson’s χ2 method. Differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.Results and discussion. Since the conditions of the children’s polyclinic do not allow for monitoring the child and his mother, the study was carried out in a group of short-term stay in a preschool educational institution, which is quite typical for the modern urban maternal population. The work was carried out jointly with teachers and psychologists who developed criteria for assessing mother-child relations and the child’s behavioral characteristics. In the group of children who were breastfed after 18 months, affective attachment to the mother, use of the breast to soothe them in the absence of breast milk, anxiety when falling asleep, were 2 times more common than in children who were breastfed for less than 18 months. The data obtained indicate the need to inform nursing mothers about the mental characteristics of a child’s development in certain age periods, a decrease in lactation after a year, and its frequent termination by 18 months.Conclusions. Based on the data obtained, it can be considered appropriate the optimal duration of breastfeeding up to one and a half years.
Breast milk microbiota of healthy women living in the Russian Federation
Authors: Kuchina A. E. , Zakharova I. N. , Odintsova V. E. , Kholodova I. N. , Kozlova A. D. , Koshkin F. A. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Mother’s breast milk is considered to be the best source of infant nutrition and, paradoxical as it may sound, the only product of the infant diet, which composition is still poorly known to us. This article presents the findings of a study on the breast milk microbiota conducted in the Russian Federation for the first time.Aim. To study the composition of the breast milk microbiota of healthy women living in the Russian Federation and identify the impact of various factors on its diversity.Materials and methods. A molecular genetic study on 56 colostrum samples and 12 mature breast milk samples from 56 healthy donors using a method based on sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene was conducted.Results. In a batch of 56 colostrum samples, 22 species and 242 genera of bacteria were identified. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota were the most predominant species of bacteria in healthy women with a normal body mass index, from a physiological pregnancy, who did not take antibiotics, after natural delivery at term; Streptococcus, Staphylococcus and Gemella were the most predominant at the level of delivery. Statistical analysis of the impact of nationality, age, number of children in the family and duration of hospitalization (PERMANOVA) showed no significant differences in the proportions of bacteria in the colostrum of women (p > 0.05). The gender of the child was the only factor that turned out to be significant. The biodiversity of colostrum of girl-delivered mothers were higher (Shannon index) than that of boy-delivered mothers. In addition, the mature breast milk microbiota (1 month after delivery) has lower alpha diversity as compared to colostrum.Discussion. The analysis of our results and reports from foreign colleagues showed significant similarities and differences, which, certainly, were explained by a number of reasons related to methodological and geographical differences, the method, timing and even the time of day when breast milk samples were collected.Conclusion. In general, the colostrum of healthy women had a fairly stable bacterial composition, and its rich biodiversity fully demonstrated high quality of the first microbial inoculum for the newborn intestine. Our results provide valuable insights into the healthy breast milk microbiota in women living in the Russian Federation and can be used as reference ranges, as well as for comparison with similar indicators in women from other countries.
Clinical and immunological manifestations of gene polymorphisms cytokines in controlled and uncontrolled bronchial asthma
Authors: Suprun E. N. , Suprun S. V. , Nagovitsina E. B. , Galyant O. I. , Lebed’ko O. A. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Bronchial asthma (BA) is a multifactorial disease, but its pathogenesis in children is based on atopic inflammation, which is what modern therapies are aimed at combating; less attention is paid to factors of nonspecific inflammation, but they also affect the controllability of the pathological process. The regulation of any inflammation is carried out primarily by cytokines, therefore this work is devoted to the study of polymorphisms of genes for cytokines of nonspecific inflammation.Aim. To explore the association between cytokine gene polymorphisms and clinical immunological features of uncontrolled asthma.Materials and methods. We examined 167 children with asthma, who were divided into groups with and without complete disease control, according to the standard of clinical guidelines for asthma. Additionally, mononucleotide substitutions in the cytokine genes were determined: IL4-C589T (rs2243250), IL6-C174G (rs1800795), IL10-G1082A (rs1800896), IlL10-C592A (rs1800872), IL10- C819T (rs1800871), IL12B-A118 8C (rs3212227) , TNFα- G308A (rs1800629), serum cytokine levels: IL4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 18 and TNFα; standard immunogram indicators: subpopulations of lymphocytes, neutrophil phagocytosis and levels of Ig A, M, G, E.Results and discussion. It was determined that each of the clinically significant mononucleotide substitutions forms a unique cytokine and immune profile that is phenotypically realized in the clinical manifestations of the disease. It has been proven that mononucleotide substitutions IL10-C592A, TNFα- G308A contribute to better control with a tendency to milder asthma; children with the IL6-C174G polymorphism experience more severe disease with a tendency toward decreased control. In addition, mononucleotide substitutions in the genes of signaling molecules of the immune system modify atopic inflammation, weakening (IL10-C592A, TNFα- G308A) or enhancing (IL6-C174G) it, which leads to a change (decrease or increase) in the dose of TGCS, respectively.Conclusion. Thus, determination of IL6-C174G (rs1800795), IL10-C592A (rs1800872), TNFα- G308A (rs1800629) polymorphisms in children with ВА helps to identify a risk group for severe and uncontrolled disease, as well as to personalize therapy.
Do routine questions provide reliable information about the patient’s diet: the results of the survey of parents of children with brain tumors being on the 2nd rehabilitation period
Authors: Vashura A. Yu. , Pyataeva A. A. , Lukina S. S. , Brynza E. V. , Karelin A. F. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction. The course of central nervous system tumors in children and their therapy are associated with nutritional disorders that persist after the end of antineoplastic treatment. It is important to determine nutritional problems, which is usually carried out in the form of a survey by a physician. He also needs to be aware and understand the degree of fulfillment of appointments by patient at home.Aim. To study the problems of organizing nutritional support for children with tumors of the central nervous system after the end of antitumor treatment.Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted, which included a survey, involving the parents of 71 patients with central nervous system tumors, aged 10 to 18 years, undergoing routine rehabilitation at the Russian Field Medical and Rehabilitation Scientific center. The survey included questions that a nutritionist usually asks during a consultation, with answer options, as well as a description of the diet and usual food intake. Anthropometry data (z-score of height-on-age, BMI) are included.Results. 45% of the children had deviations in BMI. The answers to the routine questions “What is the child’s appetite” and “Are there (any) problems with nutrition” were the most uninformative, did not coincide with the actual composition of the diet and food intake. More accurately, the parents answered the questions “Are there (any) problems with diet/regimen organization” and “... associated with eating”. 21 children were prescribed diets (gentle and “low-carb”), but only 6 followed these diets. 58% noted periodic “physical exhaustion”, only 7% are engaged in physical therapy at home. Only 2 children received nutritional support at home. An analysis of the composition of the diet and diet revealed significant problems in 61% of children.Conclusion. In a routine medical survey, simple questions about appetite and “are there any problems with nutrition” are not enough. Simple anthropometry is not enough. The survey has shown its effectiveness, but an analysis of the questionnaire is needed. Not all patients can follow dietary recommendations, it is necessary to take into account the motivation and understanding of both parents and children.
Leveraging historic streamflow and weather data with deep learning for enhanced streamflow predictions
Authors: Schutte Christiaan , van der Laan Michael , van der Merwe Barend 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Streamflow information is crucial for effectively managing water resources. The declining number of active gauging stations in many rivers is a global concern, necessitating the need for reliable streamflow estimates. Deep learning techniques offer potential solutions, but their application in southern Africa remains largely underexplored. To fill this gap, this study evaluated the predictive performance of gated recurrent unit (GRU) and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks using two headwater catchments of the Steelpoort River, South Africa, as case studies. The model inputs included rainfall, maximum, and minimum temperature, as well as past streamflow, which was utilized in an autoregressive sense. The inclusion of streamflow in this way allowed for the incorporation of simulated streamflow values into the look-back window for predicting the streamflow of the testing set. Two modifications were required to the GRU and LSTM architectures to ensure physically consistent predictions, including a change in the activation function of the GRU/LSTM cells in the final hidden layer, and a non-negative constraint that was used in the dense layer. Models trained using commercial weather station data produced reliable streamflow estimates, while moderately accurate predictions were obtained using freely available gridded weather data.
Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles from Salvadora persica leaf extract: Characterization and studying methyl orange removal by adsorption
Authors: Al Rahbi Amal S. , Al Mawali Ahlam H. , Al Rawahi Shahad S. , Al Dighishi Rima K. , Al Abri Fatma A. , Ahmed Anwar , Rahman Sadik 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The present study conducted a successful green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) from the aqueous solution of Salvadora persica leaf extract as capping agent and used for methyl orange dye removal. The morphology, chemical composition, crystallinity, optical property and isothermal behavior of synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). The influencing factors on MO removal such as preparation method, dose, pH, contact time, and dye concentration were examined. The UV-Vis absorption band was found at 365 nm and the XRD analysis confirmed the crystallinity of the ZnO NP and the particle sizes were in the range of 32-68 nm. The FTIR bands confirm the presence of bioactive compounds. SEM images showed the formation of hexagonal and rod-shaped nanoparticles. The results revealed that a maximum methyl orange removal of 68% was obtained with an amount of 0.05 g of ZnO NPs at pH 5. The adsorption process can be well explained by the Langmuir isotherm model. This research demonstrates a green method of preparing various ZnO nanoparticle with a remarkable efficiency towards the removal of methyl orange dye.
Start-up of biofilter for nitrification and effect of filtration rate on the ammonium removal efficiency in drinking water treatment on pilot plant
Authors: Dragić Dajana , Drljača Dijana , Zorić Slobodanka 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTBiological filtration is a process that can be used for ammonium removal from water. The removal of ammonium is based on the nitrification process. Nitrification depends on many factors, such as water quality and filtration process parameters. To investigate the influence of filtration rate on the nitrification efficiency, nitrifying biofilters were formed at the pilot plant in the industry for drinking water production from surface water. The new biological filters were started under optimal conditions for biofilm formation. After the biofilm formation, the influence of the filtration rate on nitrification was examined over 3 months (from November to January). The time required for the spontaneous growth of nitrifying bacteria on the new filters was around 70 days. The operating conditions at the start-up period were the continuous flow of water containing γ(NH4+) ≈ 1mg/L, dissolved oxygen in a concentration &gt;9 mg/L, filtration rate &lt;1 m/h, inlet water temperature &gt;12 °C and pH from 7.8 to 8. After the complete formation of the nitrifying biofilm, the percentage of NH4+ removal was greater than 95% for all tested filtration rates, from 0.5 to 8.4 m/h, at γ(NH4+) from 1 to 2.5 mg/L and raw water temperature from 13 to 7°C.
Evaluating water quality and fouling propensity in a pilot-scale ceramic membrane bioreactor treating municipal wastewater subjected to increasing salinity levels
Authors: Elmoutez Salaheddine , Ayyoub Hafida , Necibi Mohamed Chaker , Taky Mohamed 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This study aims to optimize the removal of carbon and nitrogen pollutants from saline municipal wastewater using both membrane-based and biological treatment methods. It examines a pilot-scale sequential aerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor (AeCMBR) under various salinity levels (0–20 g NaCl/L) to assess biological processes and fouling behavior. While high COD removal rates of (≈90%) were consistently achieved, ammoniacal nitrogen removal dropped from 82 to 55% at 15 g NaCl/L, despite increased oxygenation flow rates. Notably, the biomass quickly adapted to salinity changes. Indicators such as mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS), mixed liquor suspended volatiles (MLVSS), MLVSS/MLSS ratio, and sludge volume index (SVI) showed no significant correlation with increasing salt concentrations. Soluble microbial product (SMP) production was also unaffected by rising salinity levels. The transmembrane pressure (TMP) fluctuated, with the most pronounced trend at 15 g NaCl/L, even after reducing the flux from 20 to 15 L/m2/h. The primary fouling mechanism observed was reversible cake deposition. Overall, this research enhances our understanding of short-term operational impacts on AeCMBR performance as a function of different salinity levels.
Recent Patterns and Assessment of Long-term Complications followi ng
SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination in the Context of Diabet es
Prevalence among Blood Donors
Authors: Alqahtani Turki Mohammed M. , Ali Alghamdi Mohammed Abdullah , Rafi Baig Mirza , Al-Abbasi Fahad A. , Sheikh Ryan Adnan , Almalki Naif A. R. , Hejazi Moayad Mustafa , Alhayyani Sultan , Asar Turky Omar , Kumar Vikas , Anwar Firoz 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Much increasing evidence has suggested that long-term complications
post vaccination of SARS-CoV-2 experience a wide range of complication including diabetes.
The risk and burden of type 1 diabetes is extensively reported, but type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D)
has yet to be characterized. To address this gap, we aimed to examine trends of long-term complications
post SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in diabetes incidence among the Saudi
population.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional hospital-based study, we analyzed the blood profile of first-time
blood donors from the University Hospital of King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. Saudi Arabia.
Various blood parameters, HbA1c was measured in the month of May 2023. All the donors were
non-diabetic and were never diagnosed with T2D before the current blood donation. 203 healthy
subjects donated their blood, out of which 104 had abnormally high HbA1c tending towards diagnosis
of T2D and 99 had with blood profiles. The study followed the STROBE reporting guidelines.

Results:
Out of 203 donors 104 (male 50(48.1%), female 54(51.9%)) were diagnosed with increased
HbA1c (8.24 in males) compared to 7.61 of HbA1c in females. 35.6% were above ˃65
years, with 52.9% with O+ from the ABO blood group. Liver functions indicated significant
p˂0.05, 0.04, increased amount of GGT (46.47 U/L), Alkaline phosphatase (99.93 ±64.26 uL)
respectively in HbA1c elevated donors KFT represented significant p˂0.05, 0.02 elevated levels
of urea (6.73 ±5.51 mmol/L), creatinine (129.97 ±195.17 umol/L) respectively along with elevated
values of Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (263.72± 196.70 uL) and triglycerides (1.66
±0.74mmol/L) when compared to normal value of HbA1c donors.

Discussion:
In the present cross-sectional study, significant increase in HbA1c, trending towards
increased cases of T2D post SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. Males are much affected
compared to females. Further maximum number of cases were from donors above the age of 65
years with altered partial LFT (GGT, Alkaline phosphatase), KFT (urea, creatinine), lipid profile
(TG) and LDH in post SARS-CoV-2 and vaccination blood donors.

Conclusion:
Increase in HbA1c in 50% of donors, irrespective of gender, is an alarming figure
for health authorities, with altered LFT, KFT and LDH tests and, in the near future, may increase
the incidence of T2D. Large-scale population-based studies are required to prevent future incidences
of T2D in young children who will be vaccinated.