bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KEBIJAKAN HUKUM NASIONAL ATAS PERUBAHAN BATAS MINIMAL UMUR DALAM MELAKUKAN PERNIKAHAN SECARA SAH TERHADAP PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ahmad Ridho Sa’dillah 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengkaji dampak kebijakan hukum nasional terhadap perubahan batas minimal umur dalam melakukan pernikahan yang berdampak pada perspektif hukum Islam di Indonesia. Sejarah hukum perkawinan di Indonesia selalu mencerminkan dinamika yang melibatkan kepentingan agama, negara, dan perempuan. Latar belakang penelitian ini mencatat keterlibatan agama sebagai pemegang kepentingan dalam membentuk keluarga, sedangkan negara bertanggung jawab menjaga ketertiban masyarakat. Perempuan, sejak kemerdekaan, berjuang untuk mendapatkan perlindungan hukum dan hak-hak konstitusionalnya. Undang-Undang No 1 Tahun 1974 mengenai perkawinan nasional menuai kritik terutama terkait Pasal 7 ayat (1) yang menetapkan batasan umur pernikahan. Pasal tersebut dianggap tidak sejalan dengan perkembangan masyarakat dan menyisakan permasalahan, terutama terkait praktik perkawinan anak. Hal ini menciptakan kekhawatiran terhadap dampak buruk seperti perceraian, kekerasan fisik dan seksual, serta risiko kesehatan. Pasal 7 ayat (1) dianggap melanggar hak asasi manusia, termasuk hak pendidikan, kesehatan, ekonomi, dan persamaan kedudukan dalam hukum. Oleh karena itu, Undang-Undang No 1 Tahun 1974 diajukan untuk judicial review ke Mahkamah Konstitusi RI. Pada tahun 2019, lahirnya Undang-Undang No 16 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang No 1 Tahun 1974 menjadi tonggak sejarah dalam pengembangan hukum perkawinan di Indonesia. Perubahan tersebut direspon sebagai upaya mencegah perkawinan usia anak dan mengembalikan hak-hak perempuan secara konstitusional. Rumusan masalah melibatkan konsep umur pernikahan dalam hukum Islam dan nasional, serta kebijakan hukum terkait perubahan batas minimal umur pernikahan dalam perspektif hukum Islam. Pembahasan mencakup konsep umur pernikahan dalam hukum Islam, di mana umur dewasa (baligh) menjadi syarat, namun sulitnya menentukan batasan dan ukuran kedewasaan menjadi perdebatan. Hukum nasional juga memiliki ketidakseragaman dalam menentukan batasan umur dewasa. Kebijakan hukum perubahan batas minimal umur pernikahan dalam pandangan hukum Islam diwujudkan dalam Undang-Undang No 16 Tahun 2019. Perubahan ini diarahkan untuk mencegah perkawinan usia anak, mengembalikan hak-hak perempuan, dan melindungi hak dasar anak. Kesimpulannya, batasan umur pernikahan menjadi unsur penting dalam mencapai tujuan perkawinan. Perubahan kebijakan hukum nasional, terutama melalui Undang-Undang No 16 Tahun 2019, sejalan dengan prinsip-prinsip hukum Islam yang menekankan kesetaraan, keseimbangan, dan kemaslahatan sosial. Kata Kunci : Pernikahan, Perkawinan, Hukum Islam
Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) in the management of root caries in elders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Grandjean Marie-Laure , Maccarone Nadia R. , McKenna Gerald , Müller Frauke , Srinivasan Murali 
Published: March 2024

Summary
This systematic review was undertaken to address the PICO question: Is silver diamine fluoride (SDF) effective in preventing and arresting root caries lesions in (RCLs) elders? Systematic literature searches were conducted of electronic databases [PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL (Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials)] and hand searches were performed to identify studies reporting on the use of SDF in elders to prevent and arrest root caries. Prospective clinical studies were included. Two independent investigators performed the literature search and data extraction. A total of 277 studies were identified; of those 3 randomized controlled clinical trials were included for data extraction and analysis. A meta-analysis, using a fixed-effects model, was performed on the mean active RCLs present after SDF intervention compared to controls at 24 months (3 studies), and 30-36 months (2 studies) post-intervention. The fixed-effects model revealed a significant decrease in the mean new active RCLs post intervention with SDF compared to controls at both 24 months (95%CI: 0.265 - 0.638; I2=0.0%; Overall: Z=4.749, p<0.001), and at 30-36 months (95%CI: 0.329 - 0.812; I2=0.0%; Overall: Z=4.629, p<0.001). A funnel plot ruled out any publication bias and the risk of bias was judged to be low. This systematic review and meta-analysis provides evidence that the application of silver diamine fluoride prevents and arrests root caries in elders.
Accepted for publication: October 29, 2020
Published online: January 28, 2021
Read the complete article as PDF file.
Wear of conventional and pre-polymerized composite materials under erosive/abrasive conditions
Authors: J. Zoller Manuel , Attin Thomas , J. Wegehaupt Florian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the wear of three different composite materials usable for vertical bite reconstruction under erosive/abrasive conditions and to compare them with the bovine dental hard tissues enamel and dentin in-vitro. The composite materials Filtek Supreme XTE, CeraSmart and Brilliant Crios and bovine enamel and dentin specimens were evenly allocated to five groups (n=10). Samples were firstly exposed to hydrochloric acid for 1 min, then stored for 30 min in artificial saliva. In the second step, the samples were brushed for 1 min with 100 brushing strokes each and an applied force of 2.5 N in an automated brushing device. After 60 of these erosive/abrasive cycles, wear of the samples was determined by contact profilometry. Filtek Supreme XTE showed significantly less wear (mean ± standard deviation; 0.15 ± 0.11 µm) compared to the other two composite materials (p < 0.05). No significant difference (p > 0.05) could be found between CeraSmart (0.25 ± 0.03 µm) and Brilliant Crios (0.24 ± 0.04 µm). The two bovine dental hard tissues, enamel (13.70 ± 0.94 µm) and dentin (50.08 ± 4.46 µm), each showed a significantly higher amount of wear than the three restorative materials (p <0.05). In conclusion, this study exhibited that the three composite materials, Filtek Supreme XTE, CeraSmart and Brilliant Crios, were more resistant under erosive/abrasive conditions compared to bovine enamel and bovine dentin, respectively.
Accepted for publication: September 6, 2021
Published online: September 29, 2021
The effects of various types of lozenges on halitosis: A crossover clinical trial
Authors: Ortiz Virginia , Filippi Andreas , Cerri Noëmi , Saccardin Fabio 
Published: March 2024

The aim of this crossover clinical trial was to assess the efficacy of three different types of lozenges on halitosis based on their composition and surface roughness. This crossover clinical trial comprised 35 healthy subjects who were tested after the induction of halitosis via the intake of chips and soft cheese. The breath was analyzed using the organoleptic and instrumental measurement techniques. The effects of three different types of lozenges were tested: apple-flavored (CA, control); apple-flavored with zinc (AZ, <0.2%); and apple-flavored with zinc and a rough surface (AZR, <0.2%). The instrumental and organoleptic measurements were repeated four times with a time interval of 120 s between measurements after the first measurement (baseline). Subsequently, the subjects were asked to describe their experience with the tested type of candy using a questionnaire. Statistically significant reductions in the grade of halitosis were observed after using the three different types of lozenges at the various time-points compared to the baseline value (p < 0.001). Additionally, significant correlations were observed between the instrumental and organoleptic measurements for all the lozenges (p < 0.001). Neither AZ nor AZR showed a significant difference compared to CA with regard to the reduction of the instrumental readings. Furthermore, the subjective feeling of having a fresh breath was not related to the values obtained using the instrumental technique. These findings indicate that lozenges can significantly reduce artificially induced halitosis, regardless of the type used. Nonetheless, additional studies using a larger sample size are required to validate these findings.
Accepted for publication: April 25, 2023
Published online: April 25, 2023
Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases among Adolescent Students of a School in Kathmandu Metropolitan City
Authors: Sapkota Asha 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Awareness and a positive attitude toward risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in adolescence is necessary. Unable to prevent risk factors among adolescents may result in burden of cardiovascular disease related problems. This study aimed to find out the knowledge and attitude regarding risk factors of cardiovascular diseases.
Methods: A cross sectional research design was used. A total 166 adolescent students of 11th grade studying in South Western Higher Secondary School were included with the non-probability purposive sampling technique. The study was carried out during 5th -13th March 2019. Data was collected by a self-administered structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used for data analysis.
Results: The study showed that the age of the respondents ranged from 16-19 years with a mean age in years (M = 16.78± SD = 0.80). More than half (57.8%) of the respondents had a fair level of knowledge on risk factors of CVDs followed by good (22.3%) and poor (19.9%) level of knowledge. Only 34.3% of the respondents had a positive attitude whereas a nominal number of respondents (12.7%) had a negative attitude toward risk factors of CVDs.
Conclusion: Knowledge of risk factors of CVDs among adolescents is low. Less than one-third of the adolescents have a positive attitude whereas less than one-fourth have negative attitude toward the risk factors of CVDs. It is necessary to plan and implement awareness programs for raising knowledge, fostering a positive attitude toward risk factors of CVDs, and forming healthy habits.
ETHEREALITY
Authors: Gahigiri Kantarama 
Published: March 2024

Retranscription libre du film ETHEREALITY de Kantarama Gahigiri,
dialogue entre la réalisatrice et l’astronaute,
entrecoupé de témoignages recueillis dans une épicerie-café africaine à Winterthur, en Suisse.
ETHEREALITY est un film qui évoque l’insaisissable ou l’impondérable partie de soi qu’on laisse derrière en partant, en quittant son pays. C'est une exploration poétique qui parle d’immigration, tissant un fil documentaire entre les portraits de femmes et d’hommes afro-descendants qui se retrouvent en Suisse et l’histoire d’un astronaute qui revient sur terre. Il s’agit alors pour tous d’un combat quotidien pour rester digne malgré les circonstances, retrouver le lien, rester humains.
Les thèmes de l'identité, de l'appartenance et de la souveraineté qui sont traités ici sont au cœur du travail de Kantarama Gahigiri. ETHEREALITY les aborde et la confronte à l’histoire de son propre vécu, en tant qu’afro-descendante, naviguant entre la Suisse et le Rwanda.
Usages et méconnaissances de la pensée caribéenne. Envisager l’avenir au-delà des périls de lectures et des identifications meurtrières
Authors: Martelly Stéphane 
Published: March 2024

Dans cet article, je m’intéresse aux usages et détournements de la pensée caribéenne et/ou Noire dans les reprises qui en sont faites par des personnes bien ou mal intentionnées qui les éloignent de leur visée première: la libération des personnes Noires ou afrodescendantes. J’examine de manière détaillée les processus rhétoriques ainsi que la rhétorique qui facilitent ces reprises indues à partir de ce que je nomme un « point de retournement » ou un « point de fatigue » de ces pensées.
Au moment où l’intérêt des milieux universitaires, culturels et littéraires voire politiques pour les penseur.se.s afrodescendant·e·s va croissant, cette réflexion sur l’archive de la pensée Noire se propose comme un appel à la vigilance critique, un outil de résistance, une manière de considérer son / notre avenir.
Estrategia educativa para la prevención de embarazo adolescente
Authors: Quimi Cobos Letty , Pincay Cañarte Maria Elena , Santana Gonzalez Fiorella Yanina , Caisa Toaquiza Kerly Dayana 
Published: March 2024

Uno de los objetivos del Plan Nacional “Creación de oportunidades” 2021- 2025, es garantizar el derecho a la salud integral, razón elemental que permite dentro de las políticas del estado ecuatoriano, mejorar las condiciones para el ejercicio del derecho a la salud, enfatizando la atención a mujeres, niñez y adolescencia. Este trabajo de investigación es resultado de un proyecto, cuyo objetivo es fortalecer mediante estrategias educativas, los servicios de salud sexual y reproductiva de manera integral, inclusiva y de calidad para contrarrestar los altos índices de embarazo en la adolescencia en la zona Sur de Manabí, se realizó un estudio descriptivo, fenomenológico de estudios poblacionales con carácter retrospectivo e histórico-lógico sobre la base de un diagnóstico situacional de salud, aplicando la ficha familiar del MSP, en los sectores y comunidades a impactar del Distrito 13D03. Se logró identificar los determinantes de salud que se relacionan con la sexualidad que afectan a los adolescentes; promoción de salud y atención integral; creación o fortalecimientos los clubes de adolescentes en los lugares de intervención; creación de escuela para padres en los lugares de intervención; educación para la salud sobre temas relacionados a sexualidad en adolescentes; promover actitudes positivas que fortalezcan la autoestima y el afrontamiento de estados emocionales en los adolescentes.
Impact de la Covid 19 sur la première ligne en Tunisie
Authors: Teyeb Hassen , Marzougui Monji , Bouallegue Olfa , Said Latiri Houyem 
Published: March 2024

Introduction : Les structures de première ligne constituant la pierre angulaire du système de santé tunisien ont été, comme d’autres systèmes de santé, impacté par la Covid 19.
But : Ce travail vise à évaluer l’impact de cette pandémie.
Méthodes : Nous avons analysé l’évolution budgétaire des GSB de Médenine et de Djerba entre 2019 et 2020. De même, nous avons étudié l’évolution de toutes les activités du GSB de Médenine. Cette analyse a été aussi complétée par un questionnement semi-structuré avec un expert régional.
Résultats : Nos résultats ont montré une augmentation des dépenses, une diminution des recettes (12,4% pour le GSB de Médenine et 10,8% pour le GSB de Djerba) et une accumulation des impayés. Concernant les activités des GSB, nous avons montré que les soins de stomatologie et l’activité vaccinale ont été maintenus pendant la pandémie. Cependant, nous avons noté la régression des nombres de malades et de certaines maladies. L’activité liée à la santé de l’enfant et l’éducation pour la santé a significativement diminué. Malgré l’intervention de la direction régionale au niveau de l’organisation, de la formation et du renforcement des équipements et de ressources humaines, la pandémie a globalement impacté le fonctionnement de ces établissements faisant déjà face à plusieurs défis.
Conclusion : Nous recommandons surtout d’activer les opportunités déjà existantes pour renflouer les ressources financières de la première ligne, d’assurer un environnement de travail sain et un développement professionnel continu et informatiser les données et les exploiter selon une démarche scientifique.
SISTEM PENGOLAHAN ARSIP PERKARA PIDANA PADA KEPANITERAAN PENGADILAN NEGERI BALE BANDUNG IA
Authors: Hanipah Nadia Nur , Daenila Nurmala , Trisnila Firlana , Syafiq Ahmad 
Published: March 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji bagaimana permasalahn pengarsipan perkara pidana di Pengadilan Negeri Bale Bandung IA dan bagaimana penanggulangan masalah pengarsipan di Pengadilan Negeri Bale Bandung IA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah yuridis empiris dan pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa permasalahan pengarsipan berkas perkara yang dihadapi dalam Pengadilan Negeri Bale Bandung IA adalah kurangnya SDM dalam melakukan minutasi berkas perkara, dan kurangnya ruangan yang tersedia untuk penyimpanan arsip. Sedangkan penanggulangan yang dilakukan Pengadilan Negeri Bale Bandung IA adalah menambah SDM dibidang pengarsipan pidana oleh mahasiswa , PKL dan pegawai lain; penambahan ruang penyimpanan arsip dengan pengalih fungsikan rumah dinas menjadi tempat penyimpanan arsip serta adanya peran MA dalam pemberian anggaran yang diperuntukkan bagi pemenuhan sarana dan prasarana.
Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Pelaku Pelaporan Palsu Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga Berdasarkan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana
Authors: Nurul Hasanah  
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penegakan hukum adanya pelaporan palsu, adanya kekerasan didalam rumah tangga juga bagaimana implementasi penerapan sanksi yang dijatuhkan kepada pelaku yang melakukan pelaporan palsu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu yuridis normatif. Seseorang dapat dikatakan melakukan suatu tindak pidana pelaporan palsu apabila orang tersebut pasti melakukan juga telah memenuhi bagian dari tindak pidana sebagaimana tercantum pada Pasal 220 KUHP yang berisi "Barang siapa telah menginformasikan ataupun mengemukakan sudah diperbuat adanya perbuatan pidana akan tetapi hal tersebut tidak betul adanya maka orang tersebut dapat dikenakan hukum pidana penjara dengan waktu paling panjang satu tahun empat bulan”. Bagian yang termasuk unsurnya: Meginformaiskan ataupun mengemukakan, adanya suatu perbuatan pidana yang sudah dilakukan, padahal orang tersebut mengetahui, perbuatan pidana tidak terlaksana. Terkait adanya kasus ini kepolisian memeriksa dengan melakukan penyelidikian memeriksa 9 orang saksi akan tetapi sampai sekarang kasus ini tidak memberikan efek jera kepada pelaku sehingga ini sangat merugikan banyak pihak dan dirasa tidak adil, sesorang yang sudah berbuat perbuatan pidana adanya peloporan palsu kekerasan didalam rumah tangga yang di videokan dan diposting di perlihatkan pada masyarakat umum, ini tidak menghargai instansi kepolisian akan tetapi pelaku tidak dijatuhkan sanksi sehingga kasus ini banyak dianggap oleh masyarakat tidak adil.
Secció especial: Pensar a través de la ruïna: aproximacions teòriques i empíriques a les ruïnes de l’antropocè Ruïna, runes, runa: natura i models culturals a la Catalunya rural Jaume Franquesa Universitat de Buffalo – SUNY Data de recepció: juny 2023 Da
Authors: Franquesa Jaume 
Published: March 2024

Durant el darrer mig segle, el món rural català ha estat transformat per una sèrie de processos –industrialització, urbanització, consolidació d’una economia lligada al lleure, èxode rural, crisi de l’agricultura familiar– que han deixat una empremta profunda tant al seu territori com en la consciència dels seus habitants. Inspirant-se en els treballs d’Ann Laura Stoler i Gastón Gordillo sobre la ruïna i les runes, i prenent com a base diversos treballs etnogràfics recents, aquest article cerca les traces de dislocació que aquestes transformacions econòmiques han deixat en el paisatge de l’Alt Pirineu i de la Terra Alta. L’objectiu d’aquest exercici és doble. D’una banda, posar en qüestió la temporalitat triomfant encarnada en les narratives de la modernització i el creixement econòmic. De l’altra, indagar com aquestes traces ens parlen de la pervivència de modes de vida i maneres de concebre la natura i el territori –allò que anomeno «models culturals»– lligats a una economia agrària de base pagesa.
New Dimension in Evaluation System in Secondary Level: NEP 2020
Authors: Sardar Soma , Das Arjun Chandra 
Published: March 2024

The Government of India developed the National Policy on Education (NPE) with the goal of encouraging education among Indians. India's policies span both rural and urban areas for primary education through college. Prime Ministers Indira Gandhi (1968), Rajiv Gandhi (1986), and Narendra Modi (2020) issued the first and second NPEs on behalf of the Indian government, respectively.
The National Education Policy of India 2020 (NEP2020), approved by the Union Cabinet of India on 29 July 2020, outline the vision of the new education system of India. The recommendations of an expert committee led by Dr. Kasturirangan, the former chairman of the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), served as the foundation for the New Education Policy.It takes the place of the earlier 1986 National Policy on Education. The policy aims to establish an education system that is deeply ingrained in Indian culture and immediately contributes to the country's transformation by offering top-notch education to all, positioning India as a global leader in knowledge.
This paper mainly focuses on NEP 2020 and evaluation system in secondary level. This paper also outlines the salient features of NEP and how they affect the existing education system.
Education is a concurrent subject, so for the successful implementation of the new education policy the state and the Centre have to come forward accordingly. Timely infusion of necessary resources viz. human, infrastructural, and financial should be taken care of both central and state level for satisfactory implementation of the new education policy. It is hoped that the new evaluation system will play a more important role in education in the future.
Detection by Culture and by Multiplex Real-Time PCR of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus spp. in Vaginal Secretions and Urines in Patients Received at Saint Camille Hospital of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Authors: Nikiema Rabiétou , Zohoncon Théodora M. , Bado Prosper , Guigma Geraud Joel , Dabiré Amana Metuor , Simpore Jacques 
Published: March 2024

Staphylococci are bacteria involved in various pathologies and varying degrees of severity. They are one of the first causative agents of nosocomial and community infections with humans and animals as natural habitats. The genus Staphylococcus is subdivided into two groups, coagulase-negative staphylococci, the most isolated of which is Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-positive staphylococci and constitutes about fifty species and subspecies. Some of these species are implicated in urinary tract and vaginal tract infections and are a real health problem especially for women. The aim of the study was to detect S. aureus and Staphylococcus spp. in vaginal secretions and urine using culture and real-time PCR. The microbiological analysis was done using the conventional methods adopted at Saint Camille's hospital laboratory. Molecular analysis was done using the Sacace multiplex PCR kit.
We examined a total of 97 samples including 77 urine samples and 20 vaginal secretion samples. At culture, no Staphylococcus was isolated. On the other hand, with the same culture-negative samples, we were able to identify two S. aureus and two Staphylococcus spp. in the urine and three Staphylococcus spp in vaginal secretions. The study then demonstrates the difference in sensitivity between the two identification techniques and confirms that there is a possibility of infection in case of negative culture. It is then necessary to involve rt-PCR in routine analyses.