bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hearing preservation despite labyrinthectomy for resection of giant cholesteatoma with middle fossa extension
Authors: Rapado F. , Fergie N. , Ramsden R. T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case is described of an extensive acquired cholesteatoma of the middle ear cleft which had invaded the middle cranial fossa and produced a mass effect on the temporal lobe. It had also extended into the labyrinth without causing elevation in the bone conduction threshold. Furthermore, even after total bony labyrinthectomy, there was very little elevation in these thresholds. The literature relating to hearing preservation after labyrinthectomy is reviewed.
Traumatic laryngocoele
Authors: Mitchell T. E. , Pickles J. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis is the first reported case of a laryngocoele developing after laryngeal trauma. A 26-year-old man sustained a shotgun injury to his larynx. A large number of shotgun pellets was removed from his left vestibular fold. He subsequently developed a left-sided laryngocoele, probably due to fibrosis around the neck of the saccule.The laryngocoele was removed by an external approach.
Sudden parotid swelling due to spontaneous haemorrhage
Authors: Cerovac Sonja S. , Vowles Richard H. , Bleach Nigel R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper presents an interesting case of a severe spontaneous haemorrhagewithin the parotid gland in an adult. A rapidly enlarging parotid mass with absence of causative trauma, inflammation or vascular abnormality, raised the suspicion of a neoplasm. Ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and tissue biopsy, however, have shown only changes suggestive of previous haemorrhage and no evidence of malignancy. A 30-year review of theliterature revealed no similar case reported previously.
Immunoglobulin- and complement-coated bacteria in pus from peritonsillar abscesses
Authors: Lilja Markus , Räisänen Simo , Stenfors Lars-Eric 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFifty-five samples of pus were collected from 51 acute, non-perforated, two spontaneously ruptured and two recurrent peritonsillar abscesses (35 males and 18 females; median age 18 years) and analysed regarding (i) aerobic and anaerobic bacteria (standard culturing), (ii) morphology of bacteria and inflammatory cells (direct microscopy of acridine orange-stained material), and (iii) the percentage of bacteria coated with immunoglobulins IgG, secretory IgA (SIgA) andIgM and complement cleavage product C3b (immunofluorescence assay). Seventy-one per cent of the abscesses harboured a mixed bacterial flora of various aerobes and anaerobes. In none of the cases with a single bacterial species (27 per cent) could immunoglobulin- or complement-coated bacteria be found. In abscesses with a mixed flora, 18 per cent harboured IgG-coated, 15 per cent SIgA-coated, five per cent IgM-coated and five per cent C3b-coated bacteria, respectively. All pus samples contained inflammatory cells in abundance but they were mostly deformed and only occasionally could intracellular bacteria be recognized. Insufficient immunoglobulin-coating of bacteria might be an important aetiopathogenic factor in the development of a peritonsillar abscess. Bactericide in the abscesses is accomplished chiefly by protective mechanisms not dependent on antigen recognition by antibodies.
Simple model for teaching myringotomy and aural ventilation tubeinsertion
Authors: Owa A. O. , Farrell R. W. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAural ventilation tube insertion is the most common otological operation and is usually the first operation learnt by trainees. The limited supply of temporal bones as well as expensive commercial models hampers training in the procedure. This paper describes a simple solution making a model of the ear canal and drum out of materials available on an ENT ward.
Idiopathic CSF rhinorrhoea presenting with tension pneumocephalus and hemiparesis
Authors: Hogg R. P. , Pillay H. , Mitchell R. , Johnson A. P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of non-traumatic/non-iatrogenic CSF rhinorrhoea, presenting with tension pneumocephalus and hemiparesis is described. The possible pathological processes involved in this rare case are discussed. Cases in the literature of idiopathic CSF rhinorrhoea and also those of spontaneous pneumocephalus are reviewed.
Wegener's granulomatosis. First case report in Bahrain
Authors: Jamal Ahmed , Ebrahim Reda Ali , Tammam Nabeel , Kanekar Sungam 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFormerly a fatal condition, Wegener's granulomatosis is now treated with good results. Although the annual incidence of Wegener's granulomatosis in the general population is not known, most European and American studies revealed an incidence in the range of one for every 250,000 of the population. The estimated total population of Bahrain as of June 1997 is 586,110; here we report the first diagnosed case of Wegener's granulomatosis in Bahrain.Our patient presented with epistaxis, and from the clinical features, the very high ESR, the operative, histopathological and the radiological findings, and a high index of suspicion we could confirm the diagnosis along with the appropriate immunological test (positive cANCA). Standard treatment with cytotoxic agents and corticosteroids has been used. On follow-up the patient has shown a progressive improvement in her clinical and laboratory parameters.
Endoscopic resection of inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses
Authors: Sham Cheuk Lun , Woo John Kong Sang , van Hasselt Charles Andrew 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe results of a retrospective study of 22 patients with inverted papillomas resected by the endoscopic approach are presented with a follow-up of 33 to 96 months. Twenty-one patients had unilateral disease and one patient had bilateral involvement. None of the patients had orbital or cranial extension. One patient had synchronous carcinoma in situ. Eight patients had undergone previous surgical procedures. Following endoscopic surgery, six patients had residual disease requiring further revisions. Three of these six patients eventually required excision via limited external approaches. No patient required lateral rhinotomy or mid-facial degloving procedures. No complication occurredin any of the patients. The advantages of endoscopic surgery include precise determination of tumour extent, preservation of normal mucosa and bony structures and avoidance of external scars. Close endoscopic follow-up is mandatory to ensure early recognition and treatment of recurrent disease. Although the endoscopic approach is gaining popularity for the treatment of inverted papilloma, indiscriminate application may result in a high recurrence rate. The endoscopic approach should be performed by experienced surgeons and restricted to carefully selected patients with nasal, ethmoidal and limited maxillary disease. More extensive disease should be managed by radical external approaches or by combining endoscopic with limited external approaches.
A Le Fort I osteotomy approach to lateral sphenoid sinus encephalocoeles
Authors: Reynolds J. M. , Tomkinson A. , Grigg R. G. , Perry C. F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMeningo-encephalocoeles of the skull base may present as spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea or acute meningitis. Previous approaches to midline skull base lesions have been either intracranial, via a craniotomy, or by transfacial or endoscopic extracranial approaches. This paper presents an alternative approach to lateral sphenoid sinus encephalocoeles through a Le Fort I osteotomy approach.
Replacing the combitube by an endotracheal tube using a fibre-optic bronchoscope during spontaneous ventilation
Authors: Gaitini Luis A. , Vaida Sonia J. , Fradis Milo , Somri Mustafa , Yanovski Boris , Kalderon Noam 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe present a case of microlaryngoscopy in a patient with an unexpectedly difficult airway. The airway was managed by using an oesophageal-tracheal Combitube (Kendall-Sheridan, Argyle, NY) (ETC)and a fibre-optic bronchoscope (Pentax-Japan-5mm).
Have we got the full picture?
Authors: Demajumdar R. , Rajesh P. B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA 59-year-old man with long-standing chronic obstructive airways disease (COPD), became progressively dyspnoeic, and repeatedly blacked-out during forced expiration. Spirometry suggested the possibility of large airways obstruction, and failing to respond to aggressive bronchodilator and steroid therapy, the patient was labelled as being non-compliant. Finally, he was assessed by an otolaryngologist and a cause for upper airway obstruction was suspected. Bronchoscopy and computed tomography (CT) scanning demonstrated tracheomalacia and the patient underwent resection of this segment of abnormal trachea.Tracheomalacia, although rare, results from the substitution of cartilage with fibrous tissue, leading to severe airway compromise.This case emphasizes the fact that although many conditions are uncommon, the total incidence of rare conditions is surprisingly high, and that care needs to be taken at all times in the management of ‘labelled’ patients with chronic illness, in order not to overlook such life-threatening diagnoses.
Hydralazine-induced lupus and vocal fold paralysis
Authors: Hari C. K. , Raza S. Ali , Clayton M. I. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-system autoimmune disorder that can affect the upper airway. Hydralazine has been known to cause a lupus-like syndrome that can produce the clinical manifestations of SLE. We discuss a case of hydralazine-induced lupus, presenting with acute laryngeal oedema and right vocal fold paralysis. Cessation of hydralazine therapy resulted in reversal of paralysis.
A ten year audit of the management of cancers of the larynx and pharynx
Authors: Bulman C. H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe Chief Medical Officers' expert advisory group (The Calman Hine report) (1994) for the commissioning of cancer services suggested that services in the district general hospitals (DGH) should be called ‘cancer units’ and that such units should be closely linked to ‘cancer centres’. The objective of these proposals would be to improve the quality of care to cancer patients. The report also acknowledges that these proposals are based on an inadequate understanding of the epidemiology of cancer within England and Wales and the way in which current configuration of services affects outcome. The authors make a plea for better documentation and recording of treatment and outcomes (i.e. audit) to fill this gap. Registration in cancer registries is of limited value in assessment of outcomes of care owing to lack of detail. This paper describes an audit of head and neck cancer in one department and attempts to define which patients might benefit from referral from the cancer units to the ‘centres’, and conversely, which patients would be better managed in the cancer units. If all patients with cancer of the head and neck were referred, the service in the cancer centres would be overwhelmed. Some system of triage will therefore be essential.
The answer is blowing in the wind: a pedunculated tumour with saw tooth flow-volume loop
Authors: Rendleman Neal , Quinn Stephen F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractObstructing tumours of the upper airways have been demonstrated to alter the flow volume loop of pulmonary function testing. These alterations could be clues to the nature and location of the obstruction. This report describes a case of a pedunculated squamous cell carcinoma arising in the pharynx whose flow volume loop showed a saw tooth pattern which reflected the location and structure of the tumour.
Symptomatic heterotopic gastric mucosa in the upper oesophagus
Authors: Cuddihy P. J. , Maheshwar A. , Griffith H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe presence of heterotopic gastric mucosa in the upper oesophagus has been reported to occur in up to 10 percent of individuals but it is usually asymptomatic. We present two pateints with symptomatic oesophageal heterotopic gastric mucosa and discuss the aetiology, pathogenesis, and management of the condition.
A rare case of intramuscular haemangioma in a six-year-old boy - a diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Chatrath P. , Pfleiderer A. G. , Blundell J. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIntramuscular haemangiomas are uncommon tumours of the head and neck, occurring mainly in adults and usually located in the region of the masseter muscle and parotid gland. We report the case of a child with an intramuscular haemangioma over the left maxilla, which caused some diagnostic confusion in view of its atypical location combined with the unusual age and inflammatory mode of presentation.
Primary mycobacterial infection of the uvula
Authors: Murray A. , Gardiner D. S. , McGuiness R. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTuberculosis, and non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections are becoming more common thus it is more likely that otolaryngologists will encounter these conditions. We describe an otherwise well patient, with symptoms and signs from chronic uvular inflammation, who proved to have a primary mycobacterial infection. This is an unique presentation in the literature and reminds clinicians of the need, where uncertainty exists in diagnosis, to consider mycobacterial infections.
Myasthenia gravis presenting with dysphagia and postoperative ventilatory failure
Authors: Haider-Ali A. M. , MacGregor F. B. , Stewart M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a case of myasthenia gravis presenting to the department of otolaryngology with acute dysphagia on two separate occasions over a one-year period. Diagnosis of myasthenia gravis was made when the patient developed ventilatory failure after his second general anaesthetic for rigid oesophagoscopy. Our patient required emergency transfer to the intensive therapy unit for ventilation. He improved after treatment with corticosteroids, anticholinesterase and immunosuppressive medications. Our case was unusual in that cricopharyngeal spasm causing dysphagia and significant aspiration was demonstrated by a barium swallow and this was completely resolved after treatment of the myasthenia gravis.
Topical aminoglycosides in the management of active mucosal chronic suppurative otitis media
Authors: Lancaster J. L. , Makura Z. G. G. , Porter G. , McCormick M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDebate has currently re-emerged following a renewed warning issued from the Committee on the Safety of Medicines (CSM) regarding the relative risk of ototoxicity from the use of aminoglycoside-containing drops in patients with tympanic membrane perforations. We present the findings of a survey of ENT consultants, questioning their views and current practice, and we add to the debate by means of a review and discussion of the literature.
Non-insulin-dependent diabetic microangiopathy in the inner ear
Authors: McQueen Chapman T. , Baxter Andrew , Smith Timothy L. , Raynor Eileen , Yoon Sang Min , Prazma Jiri , Pillsbury Harold C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHearing loss has long been associated with diabetes mellitus. Microangiopathy, associated with thickening of the basement membranes of small vessels, has been implicated as a major source of multiple system organ disease.Objective This study was designed to evaluate changes in basement membrane thickness in the inner ear of laboratory animals suffering from non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with, and without, exposure to moderate intensity noise exposure in an attempt to extrapolate the same disease process in humans.Design Spontaneously hypertensive-corpulent non-insulin-dependent rats (SHR/N-cp) were selected as a genetic model for the above study. Both lean and obese rats were used in this study. A genetically similar control group of animals (LA/N-cp) were used as controls. These animals express both the lean and obese phenotypes, but they lack the NIDDM gene. Forty-eight animals in each group were sacrificed at the end of the study. The cochleas were dissected and fixed. The basement membrane of the stria vascularis was examined using transmission electron microscopy.Setting This study was a laboratory-based, standard animal study.Main outcome This study was designed to show microangiography of the inner ear as related to NIDDM with, and without, obesity and noise exposure.Results/Conclusions NIDDM alone does not cause statistically significant basement membrane thickening; however, NIDDM in combination with obesity and/or noise exposure did show significant thickening and the combination of all three showed the greatest thickening. NIDDM appeared to be the greatest contributing factor.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided brachytherapy of head and neck tumours. A new procedure for controlled application
Authors: Maier Wolfgang , Henne Karl , Krebs Annette , Schipper Jörg 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBrachytherapy is an established procedure in primary and in recurrent cancer. We perform afterloading brachytherapy during general anaesthesia. The target organ is punctured with hollow needles which are loaded with 192iridium via remote control. The depth and number of needles depend on tumour extension. In the interdisciplinary approach of our departments, this method has been improved and supplied by B-scan ultrasound control. Needles are positioned under continuous ultrasonographic guidance, and adjacent structures (e.g. the carotid artery) are localized ultrasonographically. Thus violation of the large vessels is avoided and the exact position of the needles within the tumour is improved.In this paper, we report results on 22 patients suffering from recurrent carcinoma of the head and neck following surgery and curative radiation, and 17 patients with first onset of cancer. We did not observe any severe complications such as haemorrhage, osteomyelitis, or dyspnoea. The only side-effect was temporary oedema, sometimes associated with a short-term increase of pain. No systemic side-effects occurred.The method is described and results from both patient groups are reported in detail. We conclude from our data that ultrasonographically-controlled endoscopic brachytherapy is a valuable procedure in locally-advanced primary, and in recurrent head and neck cancer.
Functional results after CO2laser surgery compared with conventional phonosurgery
Authors: Hörmann K. , Baker-Schreyer A. , Keilmann A. , Biermann G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTreatment of benign vocal fold lesions by the use of the CO2laser is discussed critically. The aim of the present prospective randomized study was to examine the post-operative functional results after laser phonosurgery in comparison to those after cold phonosurgery. In total, 44 patients with benign vocal fold lesions underwent surgery. Conventional cold phonosurgery was performed in 23 patients, and 21 patients were treated by laser phonosurgery. To determine vocal function, examinations were performed preoperatively, on the second post-operative day, and one and four months post-operatively. The examinations included direct videolaryngoscopy, determination of maximal phonation, speech voice field as well as singing voice field. The results four months after surgery showed an improvement of vocal function in both treatment groups in comparison to the pre-operative findings. The improvement is only statistically significant after cold surgery.
Reconstructive techniques currently used following resection of hypopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Ayshford C. A. , Walsh R. M. , Watkinson J. C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThere is no general consensus as to the best method of reconstruction following total laryngopharyngectomy for hypopharyngeal carcinoma. The aim of this study is to attempt to establish the current practice amongst British ENT Consultants and to ascertain the reasons for their choice of reconstructive technique.An anonymous questionnaire was sent to 546 consultants in the UK and the results of 363 (66.5 per cent) were analysed. One hundred and twenty-eight (35.3 per cent) consultants replied that they performed surgery for hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Sixty-five (50.8 per cent) performed a stomach pull-up procedure, 23 (18 per cent) used a jejunal free flap, 36 (28.1 per cent) used both and four (3.1 per cent) used other techniques. In the stomach pull-up group, the main reasons given for their choice were because there was no lower resection margin (48 out of 65) and because of tradition in the way they were trained (37 out of 65). In the group using the jejunal free flap, lower morbidity (18 out of 23) and mortality (14 out of 23) were the main reasons for their choice. The questionnaire also found that amongst the 60 consultants who would consider using a jejunal free flap, the majority (39) aimed for a lower clearance margin of 2–4 cm, while 17 aimed for >4 cm clearance.This study provides a good indication of the current practice in the UK of reconstruction following resection for hypopharyngeal carcinoma. It appears that the stomach pull-up remains the most commonly used method of reconstruction, but the jejunal free flap is becoming increasingly more popular because of its lower morbidity and mortality.
Positioning of the receiver-stimulator for the CI–24M cochlear implant in infants
Authors: Mitchell T. E. , Gibson W. P. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA new cochlear implant (CI–24M) has recently been released by Cochlear Ltd. The shape and size of the receiver-stimulator differs from that of the CI–22M. Infants as young as one year of age are now receiving cochlear implants. We have examined the likely effect of skull growth following the implantation of a CI-24M cochlear implant in an infant of this age.
Retropharyngeal haematoma causing acute airway obstruction – first presentation of metastatic carcinoma
Authors: Draper M. R. , Sandhu G. , Frosh A. , Clarke P. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of acute airway obstruction due to an acute retropharyngeal haematoma secondary to indirect trauma as a first presentation of metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma is described.
Facial palsy after glomus jugulare tumour embolization
Authors: Marangos Nikolaos , Schumacher Martin 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFacial palsy after pre-operative embolization of glomus tumours is a rare complication. In our case, complete facial palsy occurred within four hours after embolization with polyvinyl alcohol foam. Three days later, embolization material was found in the perineural vessels of the facial nerve in its mastoidal segment. Six months after complete tumour removal, facial decompression with perineural incision, and steroid therapy, facial function recovered completely. In cases of embolization of both stylomastoid and branches of the middle meningeal artery with resorbable material, temporary facial palsy can occur.
The acceptance of hearing aids for children with otitis media with effusion
Authors: Jardine A. H. , Griffiths M. V. , Midgley E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractConservative treatment for otitis media with effusion (OME) led us to consider the use of hearing aids as a way of managing the associated hearing loss. This study aimed to assess the compliance of patients and acceptance of hearing aids for the management of children with OME.Thirty-nine children who had been given binaural hearing aids to manage OME were assessed at routine follow-up after six months. A clinician who did not prescribe the aid administered a questionnaire to assess compliance, change in symptoms and acceptance of the aids.Thirty-eight parents thought the aids were easy to use and 25 (66 per cent) were completely satisfied with the management. Aided hearing improved by a mean of 17 dB (Range 10–30) over three frequencies, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 Khz and all parents reported subjective hearing improvement in their children. The stigma of an aid was reported as minimal under the age of seven.Hearing aids provide a non-invasive way of managing the problems associated with OME which is acceptable to certain parents and children. Long-term effects of using aids need to be evaluated before they can be recommended.