bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Photoluminescence of Oxygen Sensing Films through Doping with High Dielectric Constant Particles
Authors: Zhou Z. , Shinar R. , Allison A. J. , Shinar J. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA uniquely simple approach to increase the intensity of the photoluminescence (PL) of dye‐doped sensor films is demonstrated for oxygen sensors, where the sensor film, i.e., Pt or Pd octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP or PdOEP, respectively)‐doped polystyrene, is additionally doped with small‐size particles that have a high dielectric constant, such as 360 nm‐diameter titania (TiO2) particles. When excited by an organic light emitting device (OLED), the dye PL intensity increases up to ∼ 10 fold, depending on the TiO2 concentration and the excitation source. The enhanced PL is attributed to light scattering by the embedded particles and possibly by voids in the film. The particles scatter the light that excites the PL, increasing the optical path of the exciting light and consequently the absorption of that light and the PL. The particles can also result in an increase in the PL outcoupling, reducing waveguiding to the film edges. The increased PL results in an improved signal‐to‐noise (S/N) ratio in oxygen monitoring, without any deterioration or change in the response time or the long‐term stability of the sensor films. In addition, at a given O2 level, the dye PL decay time τ increases in the presence of the particles, but is independent of their concentration in the measured range. The improved S/N can improve the analyte limit of detection, allow shortened data acquisition times, and enable the use of low‐intensity excitation sources to minimize potential dye photobleaching. In particular, it improves the performance of structurally integrated OLED‐based chemical and biological sensors, which are drawing increasing attention due to their uniquely simple and flexible integration geometry.
Elaboration of P3HT/CNT/PCBM Composites for Organic Photovoltaic Cells
Authors: Berson S. , de Bettignies R. , Bailly S. , Guillerez S. , Jousselme B. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis Full Paper focuses on the preparation of single‐walled or multi‐walled carbon nanotube solutions with regioregular poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and a fullerene derivative 1‐(3‐methoxycarbonyl) propyl‐1‐phenyl[6,6]C61 (PCBM) using a high dissolution and concentration method to exactly control the ratio of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to the P3HT/PCBM mixture and disperse the CNTs homogeneously throughout the matrix. The CNT/P3HT/PCBM composites are deposed using a spin‐coating technique and characterized by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy and by atomic force microscopy to underline the structure and the charge transfer between the CNTs and P3HT. The performance of photovoltaic devices obtained using these composites as a photoactive layer mainly show an increase of the short circuit current and a slight decrease of the open circuit voltage which generally leads to an improvement of the solar cell performances to an optimum CNT percentage. The best results are obtained with a P3HT/PCBM (1 : 1) mixture with 0.1 wt % multi‐walled carbon nanotubes with an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.57 V, a current density at the short‐circuit (Isc) of 9.3 mA cm–2 and a fill factor of 38.4 %, which leads to a power conversion efficiency of 2.0 % (irradiance of 100 mW cm–2 spectroscopically distributed following AM1.5).
Multifunctional Nanocrystalline Thin Films of Er2O3: Interplay between Nucleation Kinetics and Film Characteristics
Authors: Losurdo M. , Giangregorio M. M. , Capezzuto P. , Bruno G. , Toro R. G. , Malandrino G. , Fragalà I. L. , Armelao L. , Barreca D. , Tondello E. , Suvorova A. A. , Yang D. , Irene E. A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn this study, thin films of Er2O3 are deposited by low‐pressure metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) using a tris(isopropylcyclopentadienyl)erbium precursor and O2 on various substrates, including p‐type Si(100), Si(111), Corning glass, and c‐axis‐oriented α‐Al2O3(0001). The resulting films are extensively characterized in order to demonstrate their applicability as antireflective and protective coatings and as high‐k gate dielectrics. The interplay existing among the substrate, the nucleation kinetics, and the resulting structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties of Er2O3 thin films is explored. Fast nucleation governed by surface energy minimization characterizes the growth of (111)‐oriented Er2O3 on Si(100), glass, and α‐Al2O3. Conversely, nonhomogeneous nucleation leads to polycrystalline Er2O3 on Si(111) substrates. Er2O3 films grown on Si(100) possess superior characteristics. A high refractive index of 2.1 at 589.3 nm, comparable to the value for bulk single crystalline Er2O3, a high transparency in the near UV‐vis range, and an optical bandgap of 6.5 eV make Er2O3 interesting as an antireflective and protective coating. A static dielectric constant of 12–13 and a density of interface traps as low as 4.2 × 1010 cm2 eV–1 for 5–10 nm thick Er2O3 layers grown on Si(100) render the present Er2O3 films interesting also as high‐k dielectrics in complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) devices.
Intramolecular Aza‐Anti‐Michael Addition of an Amide Anion to Enones: A Regiospecific Approach to Tetramic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Bi Xihe , Zhang Jingping , Liu Qun , Tan Jing , Li Bing 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA novel intramolecular aza‐anti‐Michael addition was disclosed in the one‐pot reactions between 3‐oxobutanamides and aryl (heteroaryl) aldehydes under basic conditions, in which amide anions regiospecifically attacked the α‐carbon of an enone fragment, providing a new route to biologically important tetramic acid derivatives. An explanation for the unexpected regioselectivity is proposed based on the results of experiments and theoretical calculations, which is ascribed to (1) the conjugated and rigid molecular skeleton, and (2) proximity effects of the nucleophilic site and the enone α‐carbon.
New Pyridine ONN‐Pincer Gold and Palladium Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalysis in Hydrogenation, Hydrosilylation and CC Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Debono N. , Iglesias M. , Sánchez F. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe ONN‐tridentate unsymmetrical pincer 2‐[6‐(pyrrolidin‐1‐ylmethyl)pyridin‐2‐yl]phenol and N‐tert‐butyl‐1‐{[6‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)pyridin‐2‐yl]methyl}pyrrolidine‐2‐carboxamide ligands were synthesized by an easy method in high purity and good yields. All the organic compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, IR and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Palladium(II) and gold(III) complexes have been prepared as air‐stable solids, with the ONN‐tridentate ligand after deprotonation of the hydroxy group, the coordination of the metal ion is completely stereospecific and gives rise to only one diastereoisomer. These complexes were shown to be very active catalysts in the hydrogenation (80 % ee was achieved with the chiral gold complex), hydrosilylation and CC coupling, Suzuki and Heck, reactions, under mild conditions.
Cationic Palladium‐Catalyzed [5+2] Annulation: Synthesis of 1‐Benzoxepines from 2‐Aroylmethoxyarylboronic Acids
Authors: Liu Guixia , Lu Xiyan 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe synthesis of 1‐benzoxepines from 2‐aroylmethoxyarylboronic acids and alkynes in the presence of a catalytic amount of [Pd(dppp)(H2O)2]2+(TfO−)2 was developed. This [5+2] annulation involves the intramolecular nucleophilic addition of a vinylpalladium species to ketones.
Fetal hemoglobin in sickle cell anemia: Bayesian modeling of genetic associations
Authors: Sebastiani Paola , Wang Ling , Nolan Vikki G. , Melista Efthymia , Ma Qianli , Baldwin Clinton T. , Steinberg Martin H. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in: (1) the β‐globin gene‐like cluster, (2) quantitative trait loci (QTL) previously associated with fetal hemoglobin (HbF) concentration on chromosomes 6q, 8q, and Xp, and (3) candidate genes that could effect HbF levels, in sickle cell anemia subjects. HbF concentration was modeled as a continuous variable with values in a finite interval using a novel Bayesian approach. We first tested the associations of SNPs with HbF in a group of 1,518 adults and children (CSSCD study), and validated the results in a second independent group of 211 adults (MSH study). In subjects aged ≥24 years, 5 SNPs in TOX (8q12.1), 2 SNPs in the β‐globin gene‐like cluster, 2 SNPs in the Xp QTL, and 1 SNP in chromosome 15q22 were associated with HbF in the CSSCD and also validated in the MSH. Four other SNPs in 15q22 were associated with HbF only in the larger CSSCD data. When patients aged <24 years in the CSSCD were examined, additional genes, including 4 with roles in nitric oxide metabolism, were associated with HbF level. These studies confirm prior analyses using traditional analytical approaches showing associations of SNPs in TOX, GPM6B, and the β‐globin gene‐like cluster with HbF levels. We also identified an additional candidate regulatory region in chromosome 15q22 that is associated with HbF level. By stratifying patients by age, our results also suggest that different genes might modulate the rate of decline of HbF and the final level of HbF levels in sickle cell anemia. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma at atypical locations may be associated with increased numbers of large cells and a diffuse histologic component
Authors: Yang David T. , Dunphy Cherie H. , Tripp Sheryl R. , Lagoo Anand S. , Perkins Sherrie L. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractNodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) typically affects predictable lymph node groups with excellent treatment outcomes, but cases with a diffuse histologic pattern are associated with recurrence and rarely, cases will transform to diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma. Although increased numbers of large cells has not been associated with poor prognosis, transformation is thought to histologically progress through a stage distinguished by increasing numbers of large atypical B‐cells. From 55 cases of NLPHL, we describe a possible subset of NLPHL occurring in older individuals at atypical sites, associated with increased numbers of large cells, a diffuse histologic component, and expression of Bcl‐2. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Late onset of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and pure red cell aplasia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using in vivo alemtuzumab
Authors: Kako Shinichi , Kanda Yoshinobu , Oshima Kumi , Nishimoto Nahoko , Sato Hiroyuki , Watanabe Takuro , Hosoya Noriko , Motokura Toru , Miyakoshi Shigesaburo , Taniguchi Shuichi , Kamijo Aki , Takahashi Koki , Chiba Shigeru , Kurokawa Mineo 
Published: October 2007

AbstractHemolytic anemia and pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have been reported to be mainly related to ABO‐incompatibility between donor and recipient. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) without ABO‐incompatibility has been also reported after allogeneic HSCT, especially with T‐cell depletion. However, optimal management of AIHA or PRCA remains unclear. A 54‐year‐old male with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) underwent haploidentical human leukocyte antigen‐mismatched HSCT using in vivo alemtuzumab and developed AIHA and PRCA simultaneously 15 months after transplantation, following the administration of cidofovir and probenecid for persistent cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigenemia and retinitis. AIHA was successfully treated with rituximab, and subsequently PRCA with cyclosporine without relapse of MDS or recurrence of CMV infection. The clinical course suggested that AIHA was mainly caused by humoral immune response, while PRCA was mainly caused by cell‐mediated immune response in this patient, although these immune responses might be related to each other. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Behavioral effects of subchronic inorganic manganese exposure in rats
Authors: Vezér T. , Kurunczi A. , Náray M. , Papp A. , Nagymajtényi L. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBackgroundManganese, an essential micronutrient, is a potential neurotoxicant in prolonged overexposure. Parkinson‐like syndrome, motor deficit, disturbed psychomotor development are typical signs of neuropathological alterations due to Mn in humans.MethodsYoung adult rats, in three groups of 16 each, received 15 and 59 mg/kg b.w. MnCl2, (control: distilled water) via gavage for 10 weeks, and were kept for further 12 weeks. Correlation of MnCl2 exposure to body and organ weights, neurobehavioral effects (spatial memory, exploratory activity, psychomotor performance, pre‐pulse inhibition), and histopathological changes (gliosis) was sought.ResultsBy the end of treatment, Mn accumulated in blood, cortex, hippocampus, and parenchymal tissues. Body and organ weights were reduced in high dose rats. All treated rats showed hypoactivity, decreased memory performance, and diminished sensorimotor reaction. In the dentate gyrus of these, GFAP immunoreactivity increased. During the post‐treatment period, body weight of the high dose group remained decreased, locomotor activity returned to control, but the lasting effect of MnCl2 could be revealed by amphetamine.ConclusionUsing complex methodology, new data were obtained regarding the relationship between the long‐term effects of MnCl2 at neuronal and behavioral level. Am. J. Ind. Med. 50:841–852, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A comparison of the perceptions and beliefs of workers and owners with regard to workplace safety in small metal fabrication businesses
Authors: Parker David , Brosseau Lisa , Samant Yogindra , Pan, PhD Wei , Xi Min , Haugan Dave 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBackgroundProblems of improving safety in small business establishments may include a lack of resources, limited unionization, and an informal management structure.MethodsWe evaluated worker and manager perceptions of worksite health and safety using Social Cognitive Theory. We used a business safety scorecard to audit the safety conditions, policies and programs, and work practices. Comparisons were made between the different measures.ResultsBusinesses with safety committees had 1.7–2.1 times higher proportion of positive safety scorecard items than businesses without committees. Union status and business size were not associated with business safety audit results. Non‐English‐speaking and less educated employees reported higher levels of knowledge about safety than did their more educated and/or English‐speaking peers.ConclusionsThe presence of a safety committee is the single most important indicator of workplace safety. Self‐reported understanding of workplace safety is greater among employees who do not speak English or have lower levels of formal education. Future worksite interventions should consider the need for participatory worksite safety committees. Multilingual training programs would help reach a greater proportion of workers. Am. J. Ind. Med. 50:999–1009, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association study of the brain‐derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) gene in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Lee Jonghun , Laurin Nancy , Crosbie Jennifer , Ickowicz Abel , Pathare Tejaswee , Malone Molly , Tannock Rosemary , Kennedy James L. , Schachar Russell , Barr Cathy L. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental childhood psychiatric disorder. Brain‐derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of ADHD and two family‐based association studies demonstrated an association of BDNF polymorphisms with ADHD. The aim of the current study was to investigate the BDNF gene for association with ADHD in a large sample of families from Toronto. The transmission of three polymorphisms of the BDNF gene (rs6265, rs11030104, and rs2049046) was examined in 266 nuclear families ascertained through a proband with ADHD (315 affected children) using the transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT). In addition, we conducted quantitative analysis to assess the relationship between these marker alleles and the symptom dimensions of ADHD (inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity) and cognitive measures of working memory. None of the individual marker alleles showed significant evidence of association with ADHD, dimensional symptom scores, or working memory ability in our sample of ADHD families. There was no significant evidence for biased transmission of individual haplotypes with frequency >10% (global χ2 for these three haplotypes: χ2 = 6.349, df = 3, P = 0.096). One uncommon haplotype (A‐G‐G; frequency 2.2%) showed a significant association with ADHD in the categorical (χ2 = 5.293, df = 1, P = 0.021) and quantitative analyses (parents' rated inattention: Z = −2.504, P = 0.012; and hyperactivity/impulsivity: Z = −2.651, P = 0.008). These results should be interpreted cautiously, however, because of the low haplotype frequency. In light of the evidence for an involvement of BDNF in ADHD, further analysis of the BDNF gene in ADHD is warranted. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The monoamine oxidase B gene exhibits significant association to ADHD
Authors: Li Jun , Wang Yufeng , Hu Songnian , Zhou Rulun , Yu Xiaomin , Wang Bing , Guan Lili , Yang Li , Zhang Feng , Faraone Stephen V. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neuropsychiatric condition with strong genetic basis. Recent work in China indicated that ADHD may be linked to Xp1–2 in the Han Chinese population. The gene encoding monoamine oxidase B (MAOB), the main enzyme degrading dopamine in the human brain, is located in this region. The current study sequenced the exons and the 5′ and 3′ flanking regions of the MAOB gene and found four common variants including 2276C>T and 2327C>T in exon 15, rs1799836 in intron 13 and rs1040399 in 3′‐UTR. We assessed the association of these variants with ADHD in 548 trios collected from 468 males and 80 females probands. TDT analysis showed that alleles of each polymorphism were preferentially transmitted to probands (rs1799836, P = 3.28E‐15; rs1040399, P = 1.87E‐6; 2276T>C or 2327T>C, P = 2.20E‐6) and haplotype‐based TDT analyses also found distorted transmission. In conclusion, this study provides the strongest evidence for the involvement of MAOB gene in the etiology of ADHD to date, at least in Han Chinese population. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic and environmental contributions to stability in loneliness throughout childhood
Authors: Bartels Meike , Cacioppo John T. , Hudziak James J. , Boomsma Dorret I. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractHeritability estimates based on two small cross‐sectional studies in children indicate that the genetic contribution to individual differences in loneliness is approximately 50%. A recent study estimated the genetic contribution to variation in loneliness in adults to be 48%. The current study aims to replicate and expand these findings by conducting longitudinal analyses in order to study causes of individual differences in stability of loneliness throughout childhood. Univariate and multivariate longitudinal analyses are conducted in a large sample of young Dutch twins. Information on loneliness comes from maternal ratings on the Child Behavior Checklist. Using an average score of loneliness over ages 7, 10, and 12, results from the two previous studies are replicated and a heritability estimate of 45% is found. The remaining variance is accounted for by shared environmental influences (12%), and nonshared environmental influences (43%). The longitudinal analyses, however, show that heritability is 58% at age 7, 56% at age 10, but drops to 26% at age 12. A parallel increase in influences of shared family environment is observed, explaining 6% of the variance at age 7, 8% at age 10 and 35% at age 12. The remaining variance is explained by relatively stable influences of nonshared environmental factors. Stability in loneliness is high, with phenotypic correlations in the range of 0.51–0.69. This phenotypic stability is mainly caused by genetic and nonshared environmental influences. The results indicate the importance of both innate as well as nonshared environmental factors for individual differences in loneliness. Further, different results between causes of individual differences for the average score of loneliness and results for age 12 from the longitudinal analyses, indicate the importance of longitudinal analyses with data at well‐defined ages. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Alpha‐synuclein promoter haplotypes and dementia in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: De Marco E.V. , Tarantino P. , Rocca F.E. , Provenzano G. , Civitelli D. , De Luca V. , Annesi F. , Carrideo S. , Cirò Candiano I.C. , Romeo N. , Nicoletti G. , Marconi R. , Novellino F. , Morelli M. , Quattrone A. , Annesi G. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractDementia is a common complication of Parkinson's disease (PD). It correlates significantly with the presence of cortical, limbic or nigral Lewy bodies, mainly constituted of alpha‐synuclein. Mutations of the alpha‐synuclein gene (SNCA) have been linked to rare familial forms of PD, while association studies on the promoter polymorphisms have given conflicting results in sporadic patients. We have performed a case control study to investigate whether genetic variability in the promoter of the alpha‐synuclein gene could predispose to dementia in PD. A total of 114 demented patients and 114 non‐demented patients with sporadic PD were included in the study. Six polymorphic loci (including the Rep1 microsatellite) in the promoter of the SNCA gene were examined. Each marker, taken individually, did not show association to dementia and no significant differences were observed in the inferred haplotype frequencies of demented and non‐demented patients. Our data suggest the lack of involvement of the SNCA promoter in the pathogenesis of dementia in PD. Further studies in other populations are needed to confirm these results. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
FTY720 modulates human oligodendrocyte progenitor process extension and survival
Authors: Miron Veronique E. , Jung Cha Gyun , Kim Hye Jung , Kennedy Timothy E. , Soliven Betty , Antel Jack P. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractObjectiveFTY720, a sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) receptor agonist that crosses the blood–brain barrier, is a potential immuno‐therapy for multiple sclerosis. Our objective was to assess the effect of FTY720 on process extension, differentiation, and survival of human oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), and link the functional effects with S1P receptor expression and signaling.MethodsFunctional assays and receptor expression studies were conducted on A2B5+ OPCs derived from the human fetal central nervous system. Cells were treated with physiologically relevant concentrations of the active phosphorylated form of FTY720. S1P receptor/signaling modulators were used to elucidate the basis of the FTY720‐induced functional responses.ResultsShort‐term (1 day) FTY720 treatment caused initial process retraction that was reversed by uncoupling S1P3 and 5 from their G protein using suramin, and with a Rho‐kinase inhibitor H1152. Retraction was associated with RhoA‐mediated cytoskeletal signaling and with inhibition of OPC differentiation into more mature phenotypes. Continued FTY720 treatment (2 days) induced process extension and enhanced cell survival associated with increased extracellular signal‐regulated kinases 1 and 2 phosphorylation, mimicked with the S1P1‐specific agonist SEW2871, but not reversed with suramin. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction showed that FTY720 induced reciprocal and cyclic modulation of S1P1 and S1P5 messenger RNA levels. The observed initial downregulation of S1P5 and subsequently of S1P1 messenger RNA supports functional responses being mediated sequentially by S1P5‐ and later S1P1‐associated signaling.InterpretationFTY720 induces time‐dependent modulation of S1P receptors on human OPCs with consequent functional responses that are directly relevant for the remyelination process. Ann Neurol 2007