bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atypical cystic meningioma overexpressing AQP1 in early infancy: case report with literature review
Authors: Marton Elisabetta , Feletti Alberto , Basaldella Luca , Dei Tos Angelo Paolo , Bendini Matteo , Longatti Pierluigi 
Published: May 2008

AbstractMeningiomas in early infancy are rare lesions, worth to be reported for their exceptional occurrence. The authors report a case of an 11‐month‐old female child with asymmetric macrocephaly due to the presence of a cystic atypical meningioma associated to bilateral subdural collections.Conclusion: This unusual and unique case of atypical cystic meningioma in early infancy showed a high positivity to immunostaining of aquaporin 1, and this pattern could correlate with the coexistence both of cysts and subdural collections.
Intraoperative variables associated with extubation time in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: IMANIPOUR Masoomeh , BASSAMPOOR Shiva Sadat , NIKBAKHT NASRABADI Alireza 
Published: May 2008

AbstractAim:  Decreasing mechanical ventilation and early extubation in patients has many clinical and financial benefits. Therefore, an awareness of some variables those are associated with extubation time can help nurses to plan appropriate care aimed at doing an early and safe extubation. In this study, we identified whether any intraoperative variables had a significant effect on the extubation time following coronary artery bypass graft surgery.Methods:  The research was conducted in a university‐affiliated hospital in Tehran, Iran. In this cross‐sectional study, the data were collected by reviewing 93 files of eligible patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery between December 2004 and March 2006. The data collection tool was a checklist consisting of some intraoperative variables: the number of grafts, the duration of time of the cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross‐clamping, the use of the internal mammary artery, and the extubation time as the dependent variable. The data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical methods.Results:  Extubation was achieved for 93 patients in a mean time of 7.19 ± 3.00 h: 43% of the patients were extubated in ≤6 h and 57% of them were extubated in >6 h after surgery, classifying them into the early and delayed extubation groups, respectively. On statistical analysis, the duration of the aortic cross‐clamping was found to have a significant effect on the extubation time.Conclusion:  This study revealed that the duration of the aortic cross‐clamping might play a role in the extubation time. Therefore, it is recommended that nurses consider this in their assessment of extubation as a shorter aortic cross‐clamping time might lead to earlier extubation.
Stakeholders' perception of the desired Master's program for Kenya in community health nursing: Areas of competency*
Authors: NARUSE Kazuko , TASHIRO Junko , SAKYO Yumi , ICHIKAWA Wakako , KARANI Anna K. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIntroduction:  After the World Health Assembly approved the WHA 45.5 in 1992, which addressed the nursing shortage by refocusing nurses and midwives to meet community health needs, community demands for educated nurses and the needs of higher nursing education in developing countries increased. However, in developing countries that suffering from multiple resource deficiencies, such as Kenya, the strategic direction of higher education in nursing was unclear. Therefore, in Kenya, a major university school of nursing initiated a collaborative study with a well‐established Japanese nursing college to determine the service‐providers' perspective about upgrading the Master's community nursing curriculum.Purpose:  The aim of the study was to describe the Kenyan stakeholders' perspective and the expected roles and abilities of Master's graduates in community nursing.Methods:  This qualitative, cross‐sectional study used convenience sampling to obtain 21 participants. The content analysis of the data was based on 19 semistructured interviews.Results:  Sixteen categories and 42 subcategories were derived from the five key questions that related to the expectations of the Master's program. The Master's graduates were expected to acquire knowledge and skills relating to administration, management, epidemiology, research, and education. The participants recognized that epidemiology, important for preventive care, was minimal among the current community health nurses. Also, Master's graduates must be prepared to manage health programs.Conclusion:  The stakeholders expected that Master's graduates would become leaders in community health nursing, with a broad range of knowledge and skills, most notably in the areas of management and administration, epidemiology, and research. Those abilities should be reflected in the curriculum content.
Factors affecting the turnover of novice nurses at university hospitals: A two year longitudinal study
Authors: SUZUKI Eiko , ITOMINE Ichiro , SAITO Miyuki , KATSUKI Takeshi , SATO Chifumi 
Published: May 2008

AbstractAim:  Novice nurses' rapid turnover is one of the big factors leading to the shortage of nurses. We identified the factors that affected the turnover of novice nurses in a 2 year study period.Methods:  The subjects consisted of 1023 novice nurses at 20 university hospitals that gave consent to participate in the study. We began a cohort study in June 2003, obtained valid responses from 923 nurses, and confirmed their turnover in December 2003, June 2004, and March 2005.Results:  From the baseline of June 2003, 124 nurses quit and 117 nurses retired in these 2 years. After conducting variable selection by stepwise analysis, an analysis using the Cox regression model found that the turnover risk was 1.6‐fold higher in nurses lacking support from their peers, 2.2‐fold higher in those nurses who were slightly dissatisfied with their job, and 3.2‐fold higher in those nurses who were very dissatisfied with their job. When examining the characteristics of the nurses lacking support from their peers and of those dissatisfied with their job, both tended to burnout and lacked support from senior nurses or their supervisor.Conclusion:  For novice nurses, having no support from their peers and being dissatisfied with their job strongly affect their turnover. As the support from senior nurses and their supervisor are important and there is a high possibility that burnout can affect turnover, the importance of preparing a good job environment for novice nurses has been suggested.
Battered Japanese women's perceptions and experiences of beneficial health care
Authors: NEMOTO Keiko , RODRIGUEZ Rachel , MKANDAWIRE‐VALHMU Lucy 
Published: May 2008

AbstractAim:  The purpose of this study was to explore battered Japanese women's perceptions and experiences of receiving health‐care assistance that they found helpful in dealing with their partner's violence.Methods:  This study employed an interpretative qualitative design. Fifteen battered Japanese women who lived in central, western, and southern Japan were sampled. The data were collected through face‐to‐face individual interviews using a semistructured interview guide. The analysis was completed using the thematic analysis method.Results:  Three themes were identified that battered Japanese women found helpful in regard to health‐care providers' assistance: empathy and understanding, professional intervention, and a flexible system and assistance.Conclusion:  For health‐care providers to effectively treat battered Japanese women, it is critical that the providers understand the dynamics of intimate partner violence and that they provide information to battered women about the available community resources and options.
Hematological reference values of healthy Malaysian population
Authors: ROSHAN T. M. , ROSLINE H. , AHMED S. A. , RAPIAAH M. , WAN ZAIDAH A. , KHATTAK M. N. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractHealth and disease can only be distinguished by accurate and reliable reference values of a particular laboratory test. It is now a proven fact that there is considerable variation in hematology reference intervals depending on the demographic and preanalytical variables. There are evidences that values provided by manufacturers do not have appropriate application for all populations. Moreover, reference ranges provided by different laboratory manuals and books also do not solve this problem. We are presenting here normal reference ranges of Malaysian population. These values were determined by using Sysmex XE‐2100 and ACL 9000 hematology and coagulation analyzers. Results from this study showed that there were considerable differences in the reference values from manufacturers, western population or laboratory manuals compared with those from the local population.
Identification of β‐globin gene mutations in Thailand using an automated fluorescence‐based DNA sequencer
Authors: SANGKITPORN S. K. , EKSIRI L. , SANGNOI A. , DUANGRUANG S. , DUMBUA A. , RATTANAKITTISOPHON K. , SANGKITPORN S. 
Published: May 2008

SummaryFluorescence‐based DNA sequence analysis was developed for identification of β‐globin gene mutations in the Thai population. The β‐globin gene was directly sequenced in two runs and the sequencing electropherogram allowed unambiguous detection of nucleotide substitutions, frameshifts, and small insertions/deletions in heterozygote and homozygote. The method was validated and successfully applied in routine analysis of 416 individuals with β‐thalassemia disease, β‐thalassemia/hemoglobin (Hb) E and Hb variants. Twenty‐five different β‐globin gene mutations were identified. Two Hb variants, Hb Tacoma [codon 30 (G‐T)] and Hb Tende [codon 124 (C‐T)], were also identified for the first time in a Thai population. Automated fluorescence‐based DNA sequence analysis provides a rapid and reliable method for identification of common, rare and unknown β‐globin gene mutations, which is essential for prevention and control of thalassemia and hemoglobinopathy in Thailand.
Frequency of t(14;18) in follicular lymphoma patients: geographical or technical variation
Authors: ISMAIL S. I. , SUGHAYER M. A. , AL‐QUADAN T. F. , QAQISH B. M. , TARAWNEH M. S. 
Published: May 2008

SummaryThe t(14;18) translocation is the most distinguishing molecular finding in follicular lymphoma (FL). However, the reported frequencies of t(14;18) in FL show significant variation, which is often attributed to geographical and/or methodological factors. The methods used to detect t(14;18) include Southern blotting, conventional cytogenetics, fluorescent in situ hybridization, and polymerized chain reaction (PCR). Because of its practicality and superior sensitivity, PCR is becoming the more commonly used method in clinical laboratories. The identification of the main breakpoint regions on chromosome 18, including the major breakpoint region (MBR), the minor cluster region (mcr), and the newly defined intermediate cluster region (icr), increased the detection frequency of PCR. In our study, using a highly sensitive nested PCR strategy with primers for MBR, mcr and icr regions, we were able to detect t(14;18) in 95% of FL patients, which is one of the highest reported frequencies using PCR. We screened 58 FL patient samples collected retrospectively from different hospitals in Jordan. DNA was extracted from archival paraffin‐embedded samples, some of which were >10 years old. The respective breakpoint distributions were, 47 for MBR (81%), two for mcr (3.5%) and six for icr (10.3%). In this report, we analyze this high frequency of t(14;18) detection in a general review of the recent literature, in an attempt to assess the geographical vs. methodological influences on the reported frequencies.
Coding Sequence Mutations Identified in MYH7, TNNT2, SCN5A, CSRP3, LBD3, and TCAP from 313 Patients with Familial or Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Hershberger Ray E. , Parks Sharie B. , Kushner Jessica D. , Li Duanxiang , Ludwigsen Susan , Jakobs Petra , Nauman Deirdre , Burgess Donna , Partain Julie , Litt Michael 
Published: May 2008

Abstract Background: More than 20 genes have been reported to cause idiopathic and familial dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC/FDC), but the frequency of genetic causation remains poorly understood. Methods and Results: Blood samples were collected and DNA prepared from 313 patients, 183 with FDC and 130 with IDC. Genomic DNA underwent bidirectional sequencing of six genes, and mutation carriers were followed up by evaluation of additional family members. We identified in 36 probands, 31 unique protein‐altering variants (11.5% overall) that were not identified in 253 control subjects (506 chromosomes). These included 13 probands (4.2%) with 12 β‐myosin heavy chain (MYH7) mutations, nine probands (2.9%) with six different cardiac troponin T (TNNT2) mutations, eight probands (2.6%) carrying seven different cardiac sodium channel (SCN5A) mutations, three probands (1.0%) with three titin‐cap or telethonin (TCAP) mutations, three probands (1.0%) with two LIM domain binding 3 (LDB3) mutations, and one proband (0.3%) with a muscle LIM protein (CSRP3) mutation. Four nucleotide changes did not segregate with phentoype and/or did not alter a conserved amino acid and were therefore considered unlikely to be disease‐causing. Mutations in 11 probands were assessed as likely disease‐causing, and in 21 probands were considered possibly disease‐causing. These 32 probands included 14 of the 130 with IDC (10.8%) and 18 of the 183 with FDC (9.8%) Conclusions: Mutations of these six genes each account for a small fraction of the genetic cause of FDC/IDC. The frequency of possible or likely disease‐causing mutations in these genes is similar for IDC and FDC.
Use of Salsalate to Target Inflammation in the Treatment of Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Goldfine Allison B. , Silver Robert , Aldhahi Waleed , Cai Dongsheng , Tatro Elizabeth , Lee Jongsoon , Shoelson Steven E. 
Published: May 2008

Abstract Objectives: Chronic subacute inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Salicylates were shown years ago to lower glucose and more recently to inhibit NF‐κB activity. Salsalate, a prodrug form of salicylate, has seen extensive clinical use and has a favorable safety profile. We studied the efficacy of salsalate in reducing glycemia and insulin resistance and potential mechanisms of action to validate NF‐κB as a potential pharmacologic target in diabetes. Methods and Results: In open label studies, both high (4.5 g/d) and standard (3.0 g/d) doses of salsalate reduced fasting and postchallenge glucose levels after 2 weeks of treatment. Salsalate increased glucose utilization during euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamps, by approximately 50% and 15% at the high and standard doses, respectively, and insulin clearance was decreased. Dose‐limiting tinnitus occurred only at the higher dose. In a third, double‐masked, placebo‐controlled trial, 1 month of salsalate at maximum tolerable dose (no tinnitus) improved fasting and postchallenge glucose levels. Circulating free fatty acids were reduced and adiponectin increased in all treated subjects. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that salsalate improves in vivo glucose and lipid homeostasis, and support targeting of inflammation and NF‐κB as a therapeutic approach in type 2 diabetes.
Archives of Drug Information—A New Approach to Publishing the Results of Drug Studies
Authors: Stein C. Michael 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTCurrent scientific publishing uses a selective, slow, and adversarial editorial process to publish a minority of papers submitted, and thus maximize a journal's impact factor, a major measure of success. However, the results of many pharmaceutical industry studies are deemed low priority and are therefore difficult or impossible to publish in scientific journals. Society is poorly served because access to the results of these studies is in the public interest. Archives of Drug Information is an independent, online only journal that will publish papers that are free of bias and that provide new information about a drug. Articles that would not usually be published by traditional journals, for example articles reporting negative studies, studies reporting animal toxicity or Phase I human studies, or routine pharmacokinetic or drug interaction studies are welcome. The editorial process will be rapid and user friendly. The contents of the journal will be available freely to all. Archives of Drug Information will allow the pharmaceutical industry to publish the results of studies and make freely accessible to the public the results of research studies that would otherwise remain unavailable “on‐file.” Making the results of studies available to the public is not only ethical and good scientific citizenship, but ultimately, also good business.
A Comparison of Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Patients Treated for Three Months with Etoricoxib, Celecoxib, Ibuprofen, and Placebo
Authors: Cannon Christopher P. , Chen Cong , Curtis Sean P. , Viscusi John , Ahmed Tuli , DiBattiste Peter M. 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTObjectives.  Selective cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2 inhibitors are effective analgesic and anti‐inflammatory agents with improved gastrointestinal safety and tolerability compared with traditional NSAIDs. However, data from long‐term, placebo‐controlled studies have shown an increased risk of thrombotic cardiovascular (CV) events for COX‐2 inhibitors. Changes in levels of CV biomarkers are potentially useful surrogate measures of pathologic changes associated with CV risk.Methods.  We randomized 433 patients with osteoarthritis to etoricoxib 90 mg once daily, celecoxib 200 mg twice daily, ibuprofen 800 mg three times daily, or placebo for 12 weeks. The hypothesis was that etoricoxib would be non‐inferior or superior to placebo in effect on C‐reactive protein (CRP), LDL‐cholesterol, homocysteine, and fibrinogen.Results.  Relative to placebo, etoricoxib was noninferior for effect on CRP (decreased 7.8% vs. placebo; 97.5% CI of the difference: −30.5, 22.4), LDL‐C (−4.0% vs. placebo; 97.5% CI: −10.6, 3.2), homocysteine (−3.9% vs. placebo; 97.5% CI: −11.6, 4.6), and fibrinogen (−3.7% vs. placebo; 97.5% CI: −9.4, 2.3). Etoricoxib was not different from placebo, celecoxib, or ibuprofen for any biomarker.Conclusion.  Etoricoxib was comparable to placebo, celecoxib, and ibuprofen for effects on the CV risk markers measured.
Effects of C‐reactive Protein and Homocysteine on Cytokine Production: Modulation by Pravastatin
Authors: Asanuma Yu , Oeser Annette , Stanley Eran , Bailey David G. , Shintani Ayumi , Stein C. Michael 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTObjective.  C‐reactive protein (CRP) and homocysteine are markers of cardiovascular risk that may have inflammatory effects. HMG coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) have anti‐inflammatory effects in vitro, but it is not clear if such responses in vivo are secondary to lipid lowering. We examined the hypothesis that CRP and homocysteine would stimulate cytokine release in human whole blood and that short‐term treatment with a statin would inhibit it.Methods.  The time course of IL‐6 and MCP‐1 production was determined in whole blood incubated with saline, 1 µg/mL lipopolysaccaride (LPS), 50 and 100 µM/L DL‐homocysteine, and 5 µg/mL human recombinant CRP for 24 hours at 37°C under 5% CO2 atmosphere. Cytokine responses were determined in blood drawn from 15 healthy volunteers before and after administration of pravastatin 40 mg daily for 2 days.Results.  Both human recombinant CRP and LPS significantly increased the production of IL‐6 and MCP‐1 in whole blood samples more than 4‐fold (P < 0.001) but homocysteine did not. Oral administration of pravastatin, 40mg daily for 2 days, decreased CRP‐stimulated IL‐6 production by approximately 20% (P = 0.02) 6 hours after incubation, but did not affect MCP‐1 production (P = 0.69). Pravastatin treatment did not affect LPS‐stimulated MCP‐1 but increased IL‐6 modestly.Conclusions.  CRP stimulated the production of the proatherogenic mediators MCP‐1 and IL‐6 in human whole blood, but homocysteine did not. CRP‐stimulated production of IL‐6, but not MCP‐1, was modestly attenuated by short‐term treatment with pravastatin.
Drugs to Treat Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Relationship between Current Use and Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Authors: Rho Young Hee , Oeser Annette , Chung Cecilia P. , Morrow Jason D. , Stein C. Michael 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTObjectives.  Cardiovascular risk is increased in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Drugs used to treat SLE can modify traditional cardiovascular risk factors. We examined the effect of selected drugs used in the treatment of SLE on cardiovascular risk factors.Methods.  We compared systolic and diastolic blood pressure, serum lipid concentrations, glucose, homocysteine, and urinary F2‐isoprostane concentrations in 99 patients with lupus who were either current users or non‐users of systemic corticosteroids, antimalarials, non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), COX‐2 selective NSAIDs, azathioprine, and methotrexate. Multivariable adjustment was done with linear regression modeling using sex, age and disease activity (SLEDAI) as controlling variables.Results.  Serum triglyceride concentrations were higher (135.1 ± 61.4 vs. 95.3 ± 47.5 mg/dL, adjusted P = 0.003) in patients receiving corticosteroids. Homocysteine concentrations were marginally higher in patients receiving methotrexate (adjusted P = 0.08). Current use of either NSAIDs or COX‐2 inhibitors was not associated with increased cardiovascular risk factors. Current hydroxychloroquine use was not associated with significant alterations in lipid profiles.Conclusions.  In a non‐random sample of patients with SLE, current corticosteroid use was associated with increased triglyceride concentrations, but other drugs had little effect on traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
Stem cells and periodontal regeneration
Authors: Lin N‐H , Gronthos S , Bartold PM 
Published: May 2008

AbstractPeriodontitis is an inflammatory disease which manifests clinically as loss of supporting periodontal tissues including periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. For decades periodontists have sought ways to repair the damage which occurs during periodontitis. This has included the use of a range of surgical procedures, the use of a variety of grafting materials and growth factors, and the use of barrier membranes. To date periodontal regeneration is considered to be biologically possible but clinically unpredictable. Recently, reports have begun to emerge demonstrating that populations of adult stem cells reside in the periodontal ligament of humans and other animals. This opens the way for new cell‐based therapies for periodontal regeneration. For this to become a reality a thorough understanding of adult human stem cells is needed. This review provides an overview of adult human stem cells and their potential use in periodontal regeneration.