bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tirzepatide cardiovascular benefits and adverse events assessment: a Bayesian network meta-analysis
Authors: gong xuyang , cheng panpan , han yahui , li qianshuai , song chunhua , zhao yanyan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
To comprehensively assess the cardiovascular benefits and adverse events of tirzepatide (including different control groups, different dosages and different patients).
Method
A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science,The Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of at least 26 weeks that compared tirzepatide (TZP) at doses of 5mg, 10mg, and 15 mg once weekly with another antihyperglycemic drug or placebo in adults with obesity or type 2 dabetes mellitus(T2DM) were included. Data Synthesis was performed using R 4.2.2 and Stata 18.0 software. Each outcome was presented as a relative risk (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The results were also displayed using network plots, the surface under the cumulative ranking curve value (SUCRA), league table and forest plot.
Results
A total of 14 RCTs with 14654 participants with T2DM or obesity were included inthis study. Generally, compared to placebo, insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), TZP did not increase the risk of four-component major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE-4) (RR [95% CI], 0.54[0.25 to 1.06], 0.85 [0.45 to 1.81], 1.00 [0.34 to 2.92], respectively) and significantly increased total adverse events(TAEs)(RR[95% CI], 1.09[1.01,1.19], 1.22 [1.11,1.35], 1.03 [0.91,1.16], respectively). Compared to placebo, TZP 5mg, TZP 10mg and TZP 15mg all reduced the incidence of MACE-4 (RR [95% CI], 0.47 [0.23 to 1.12], 0.46 [0.15 to 1.48], 0.38 [0.17 to 0.84], respectively) and increased the risk of TAEs (RR[95% CI] 1.04[0.96,1.13], 1.07[0.99,1.16], 1.10[1.02,1.19], respectively). Compared to GLP-1 RAs, TZP 5 mg, TZP 10 mg, and TZP 15 mg all increased the risk of TAEs(RR [95% CI], 1.01[0.91,1.11], 1.04[0.94,1.14], 1.07[0.97,1.17], respectively) and TZP 15mg reduced the risk of MACE-4 (0.82 [0.31 to 2.22]). Compared to obesity, patients with T2DM experienced greater benefits of MACE-4 (RR[95% CI], 0.44[0.04 to 2.65])and lower risk of TAEs (RR [95% CI], 0.95 [0.77 to 1.24]). Additionlay, TZP reduced all-cause death (ACD) and serious adverse events(SAEs) but increased the risk of DAEs. And these benefits were not superior to those of GLP-1RAs, while the risk of adverse events leading to discontinuation of study treatment (DAEs) was higher than that of GLP-1RAs. TZP 15mg was more effective in reducing ACD and SAEs, but also increased the risk of discontinuation. among patients who use TZP, T2DM patients had greater benefits in ACD and less risk of SAEs and DAEs compared to obeity patients.
Conclusions
TZP is not inferior to GLP-1 RAs in reducing cardiovascular events. The effect is greater with TZP 15mg, but there are also more adverse events. Additionally, the use of TZP in T2DM patients may have a greater effect and fewer adverse events than in obesity patients.
Virtual simulation for the surgical remove of impacted teeth in practice teaching
Authors: Zhang Yushi , Chi Ming 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
To explore the teaching quality of the virtual simulation practice teaching system for the surgical remove of the impacted teeth in oral and maxillofacial surgery.
Methods
A total of 60 undergraduate interns majoring in stomatology of China Medical University were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into two groups: VRLG and TLG, with 30 students in each group. After completing all the study plans, the students will take the theoretical and practical examination uniformly. In addition, a self-made questionnaire was distributed at the end of the practical class.
Results
The theoretical course scores of the VRLG were significantly higher than those of the TLG (89.77 ± 4.11 vs. 87.20 ± 4.82, P < 0.05), and the practical course scores of the VRLG were significantly higher than those of the TLG (88.50 ± 4.11 vs. 84.77 ± 5.20, P < 0.05), and the difference was statistically significant; 86.67% students think that the virtual simulation practice teaching system can assist learning, and 83.33% think that it is easier to understand the learning quality.
Conclusion
The virtual simulation practice teaching system can stimulate the learning interest and improve the learning effect.
Exposure to normobaric hypoxia shapes the acute inflammatory response in human leukocytes in vivo
Authors: Schönberger Tina , Jakobs Marie , Friedel Anna-Lena , Hörbelt-Grünheidt Tina , Tebbe Bastian , Witzke Oliver , Schedlowski Manfred , Fandrey Joachim 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Cells of the immune defence, especially leukocytes, often have to perform their function in tissue areas that are characterized by oxygen deficiency, so called hypoxia. Physiological hypoxia significantly affects leukocyte function and controls the innate and adaptive immune response mainly through transcriptional gene regulation via the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Multiple pathogens including components of bacteria, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) trigger the activation of leukocytes. HIF pathway activation enables immune cells to adapt to both, hypoxic environments in physiological and inflammatory settings and modulates immune cell responses through metabolism changes and crosstalk with other immune-relevant signaling pathways. To study the mutual influence of both processes in vivo, we used a human endotoxemia model, challenging participants with an intravenous LPS injection post or prior to a 4-hour stay in a hypoxic chamber with normobaric hypoxia of 10.5 % oxygen. We analyzed changes in gene expression in whole blood cells and determined inflammatory markers to unveil the crosstalk between both processes. Our investigations showed differentially altered gene expression patterns of HIF and target genes upon in vivotreatment with LPS and hypoxia. Further, we found evidence for effects of hypoxic priming upon inflammation in combination with immunomodulatory effects in leukocytes in vivo. Our work elucidates the complex interplay of hypoxic and inflammatory HIF regulation in human immune cells and offers new perspectives for further clinical research.
Assessing the influence of macroalgae and micropredation on the early life success of the echinoid Diadema africanum
Authors: Cano Iván , Ugena Aitor , González-González Estefanía , Hernández José Carlos 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The sea urchinDiadema africanumhas a significant influence on subtidal rocky reef communities on the Canary Islands, facilitating transitions between macroalgal beds and barren grounds. Barren grounds in the archipelago are characterized by a dominance of crustose coralline algae and a lack of invertebrates and fishes compared to macroalgal beds, which are mainly dominated by brown algae. To assess the impact of these benthic community states on the early life success ofD. africanuma manipulative study was conducted during September 2022 in four sites of the eastern coast of Tenerife Island, 'Añaza' (28.4204060 N–16.2954172 W), 'Boca Cangrejo' (28.4061537 N–16.27429 W), 'Las Caletillas' (28.3814250 N – 16.3552938 W), and 'La Jaca' (28.12087153 N – 26.46111758 W. For this purpose, modified experimental larval collectors were employed to examine sea urchin settlement rates in response to two dominant macroalgal species,Lobophora schneideri, in algal beds and encrusting corallines (CCA) in barren grounds. Statistical analysis revealed significant spatial differences in sea urchin settlement and the interaction between site and treatment response. Specifically, the site with higher sea urchin recruitment exhibited lower numbers ofD. africanumsettlers in treatments containingL. schneiderithan in the Control and CCA treatments. Three decapod species (Alpheus macrocheles, Lophozozimus incisus, andPachygrapsus marmoratus) negatively correlated withD. africanum settlers. These results suggest that larval supply,L. schneideribeds, and micropredator abundance play a role in the early life success of this species. This may imply a community stability mechanism that helps prevent shifts between alternative stable states.
METTL14 attenuates cancer stemness by suppressing ATF5/WDR74/β-catenin axis in gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Peiling , Xiang Hong , Peng Qian , Ma Lujuan , Weng Chengyin , Liu Guolong , Lu Lin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Stemness is one of the leading causes of treatment failure in gastric cancer (GC). Methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) participates in several malignancies. But the precise mechanisms of METTL14 in regulating GC stemness are still unclear.
Methods
Expression of METTL14 in GC was assessed by public datasets and clinical specimens. The roles of METTL14 in proliferation, metastasis and stemness were examined by using both in vitro and in vivo experiments. The m6A RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) and luciferase reporter assays were performed to verify the target of METTL14. Rescue assays were used to explore the impaired stemness by METTL14 overexpression. The downstream mechanisms of ATF5 and upstream modification of METTL14 were studied by Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and westernblot.
Results
Decreased expression of METTL14 was correlated with poor survival in GC. Functionally, METTL14 knockdown promoted GC cell stemness. Mechanically, METTL14 mediated m6A modification and facilitated ATF5 mRNA degradation. Furthermore, the deleterious effects subdued by the overexpression of METTL14 were restored following ATF5 overexpression, which facilitated the transcription of WDR74, thereby enhancing β-catenin translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Moreover, lactylation modification that occurred on the histone H3 (Lys18) of METTL14 could promote the expression of METTL14.
Conclusions
Our results demonstrate that METTL14 knockdown-mediated m6A modification of ATF5 mRNA promotes GC stemness by activating the WDR74/β-catenin axis.
Nursing graduates' perceived future career pathway and career shift tendency in Egypt: A cross sectional study
Authors: khalafalla Mohamed H. , Awad Hasan A. , Aly Mohamed A. , Ismail Hossam A. , Elmoaty Aliaa E. Abd 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study was to explore perceived future Career pathway, as well as career shift tendency among nursing graduates in Egypt. This study also investigated factors influencing career shift tendency and examine the relation between career pathway perception and career shift tendency.
Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional study was used, with an online distributed questionnaire for study participants from different nursing graduates’ categories (technical institute, bachelor's degree, postgraduate degrees practicing in clinical settings (staff nurses, nurse educators, and nurse leaders), academic settings. That included demographic characteristics, a section that measured nursing graduates’ future career pathway perception, and career shift tendency.
Results
Nursing graduates in Egypt were having a positive perception regarding their future career pathway. However, more than one quarter of them were considering career shift represents potential workforce instability and dissatisfaction within the nursing profession and financial factors was one of the main provoking drivers for career shift tendency. In addition, nursing graduates’ perception of career pathway had a significant effect on their career shift tendency in future.
Conclusion
Based on the findings of this study, further efforts should be made to confront nursing shortage in Egypt, implementing targeted interventions to support nursing graduates in navigating their career pathways. Additionally, proactive measures should be taken to address the identified factors driving intentions to leave the profession, such as improving workplace conditions, fostering intergenerational collaboration, and offering mentorship programs. These strategies are essential for fostering a resilient and satisfied nursing workforce and ensuring the delivery of high-quality patient care in the healthcare sector.
Exploring coastal bathymetry retrieval for ocean modeling: a case study from West Africa
Authors: Marchesiello Patrick , THOUMYRE Grégoire , Dieye Arame , Almar Rafael , Erwin Bergsma , Sow Bamol Ali , Duong Thuan Hai 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Coastal risk assessment requires accurate coastal bathymetry, which is largely lacking in many regions of the world's coastal oceans. This is particularly true in Guinea-Bissau, where the tidal range is the highest of any country in West Africa, affecting several socio-economic sectors such as agriculture and urban development. Here we present a selection of coastal bathymetry datasets available for generally poorly sampled coastal regions. These include the global GEBCO product, digital nautical charts (CMAP), and depth retrieval from satellite wave detection (S2Shores). While GEBCO provides the right regional envelop of bathymetry, the coastal zone is plagued with random bumpiness at scales below 10 km. S2Shores can be used to correct these errors and instead reveal the presence of small scale channels, reminiscent of very high-resolution satellite color images. These structures are also confirmed by nautical charts, which show the channels to be deeper than that indicated by the satellite retrieval. In simulations with the hydro-sedimentary coastal ocean model CROCO, the tidal energy flux is better channeled towards the coast in the CMAP and S2shores cases, while GEBCO produces larger form drag and sediment bed response, acting as a bathymetric correction to minimize friction. This result highlights the potential of combining different approaches to estimate up-to-date coastal bathymetry in the most challenging areas.
DilateTrans Tracker
Authors: xu dong , shao leijie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

DilateTrans Tracker is a novel object tracking algorithm that seamlessly integrates the power of dilated attention and transformer architectures. Leveraging the strengths of both components, DilateTrans Tracker achieves robust and efficient tracking performance in complex scenarios. The dilated attention mechanism allows the model to capture long-range dependencies and spatial relationships among objects, while the transformer architecture enables effective feature extraction and global context modeling. The fusion of these two techniques results in a comprehensive solution for multi-object tracking that excels in handling diverse and dynamic scenarios. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superior performance of DilateTrans Tracker compared to state-of-the-art tracking methods, making it a promising choice for real-world applications requiring accurate and reliable object tracking.
A study of a seasonal influenza model in deterministic and stochastic environments
Authors: Zhang Xiaoshan , Zhang Xinhong , Jiang Daqing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Seasonal influenza occurs annually and is one of the most common infectious diseases in the world, posing a threat to public health security. Therefore, it is essential to study the dynamics of seasonal influenza to raise public awareness and implement scientific prevention measures. Huo et al. studied a deterministic seasonal influenza model in Gansu, China, in this paper, we extend their study starting from proving the local asymptotic stability of the endemic equilibrium. In addition, considering the non-negligible effects of environmental disturbance on the transmission of influenza viruses, we assume that the transmission rate in the deterministic model follows a log-normal Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, therefore, we formulate the corresponding stochastic model. To analyze the dynamics of the stochastic model, we first verify the existence and uniqueness of the global positive solution. Next, by constructing suitable Lyapunov functions, we obtain sufficient conditions for the stationary distribution and the extinction of the disease. More precisely, we deduce that the seasonal influenza persist when R0s > 1 while it dies out when R0 E < 1. Furthermore, we derive the exact expression of probability density function around the quasi-endemic equilibrium. Finally, we conduct numerical simulations to validate theoretical results and further explore the effects of environmental noise.
RETRACTED: SIS-CAM: An Enhanced Integrated Score-Weighted Method Combined with Gradient Optimization for Interpreting Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Zhang Yuquan , Khan Umer Sadiq , Xu Fang , Zhang Yan , Li Zhimin , Ma Yi , Liu Zhen , Yang Na 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Empirical Relationship Between Shear Wave Velocity and Geotechnical Properties of Residual Soil
Authors: Jais Ismacahyadi Bagus Mohamed , Halim Muhammad Izzat Abdull , Lat Diana Che 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Some locations or site studies do not have adequate geophysical and geotechnical data due to the cost and time constraint. A strong correlation between shear wave velocity (Vs), Standard Penetration Test (SPT-N) values and soil density could be an alternative method to estimate those parameters without additional investigation or data acquisition. This study investigates the empirical correlation among Vs, SPT-N values, and bulk density in the Bangsar region. The research employs an extensive dataset collected from Lorong Bukit Pantai 4, Bangsar and Jalan Bangsar, Bangsar. Vs measurements are obtained using Multichannel Analysis Surface Waves (MASW) Survey. SPT-N is extracted from geotechnical borehole records, and bulk density is determined through laboratory testing. Statistical analyses, including correlation coefficients and regression analysis, are applied to assess the relationships among Vs, SPT-N, and bulk density. Vs = 73.171N0.4365, and Vs = 42.985ρ3.4576 with a regression coefficient of R2 = 0.9863 and R2 = 0.888 is the "Power Model" from non-linear regression analysis that is used to generate the correlation. Numerous statistical techniques, such as Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) analysis and Graphical Residual Analysis, have been used to assess the accuracy of the proposed correlation. A strong correlation between Vs, SPT-N values and soil density could be an alternative method to estimate those parameters without additional investigation or data acquisition, result in time and cost savings by reducing the need for extensive and redundant testing.
Farmer Ants Optimization Algorithm: A new meta-heuristic for solving discrete optimization problems
Authors: Zeinalabedinmalekmian Mahdi , Asghari Ali , Azgomi Hossein , Alimoradi Mahmoud , Ghaziantafrishi Shirin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Today, some complex problems are known as NP-hard problems. For this category of problems, there is no exact solution or they are not solvable in a reasonable time. For this reason, metaheuristic algorithms have been introduced and developed. These algorithms attempt to find an optimal solution to the problem instead of finding a definite solution. In recent years, these algorithms have gained significant attention from researchers. The major inspiration for metaheuristic algorithms is nature and its laws. An important category of these algorithms is evolutionary algorithms. These algorithms are inspired by the behavior of animals and living organisms that exhibit social and intelligent behavior. However, each metaheuristic algorithm may optimally solve just some types of problems. Therefore, researchers continuously try to introduce new algorithms. In this study, a new metaheuristic algorithm called Farmer Ants Optimization Algorithm (FAOA) is introduced. This algorithm is based on the intelligent life of farmer ants. Farmer ants cultivate mushrooms to provide food for themselves. They also protect them against various pests, and after growth, feed them. These special behaviors of farmer ants, which are based on their social life, are the source of inspiration for the proposed method. Experiments on some engineering and classical problems have shown that FAOA can provide an acceptable solution for discrete optimization problems.
A Novel Approach to Image Steganography: A Fusion of Chaotic and Genetic Algorithms for Unbreakable Data Hiding
Authors: Thangaraju Dineshkumar , R Asokan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Image steganography comprises concealing sensitive data inside digital images to ensure secure communication. In this work, a ground-breaking method for image steganography is introduced, which fuses chaotic and genetic algorithms, aiming to create a strong and impenetrable data concealment technique. The study applies Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT) to the image and services logistic map chaotic system to produce pseudo-random sequences. These sequences take a significant in identifying the most secure positions within the image to embed confidential message bits. This embedding process is highly secure and resilient against statistical attacks. Moreover, a genetic algorithm optimizes this process, bolstering the security of the steganography approach. Using a population-based search technique, the genetic algorithm efficiently explores the search space, identifying the optimal chromosome representation for data embedding. This significantly enhances the embedding capacity while minimizing distortion to the original image. Through extensive experimental evaluations and performance analyses, the study showcases the effectiveness and resilience of this proposed approach. The findings highlight that combining chaotic and genetic algorithms in image steganography markedly improves security, capacity, and resistance to attacks when compared to traditional methods. This steganographic scheme achieved a PSNR of 55.3392 dB, a MSE of 0.3620, a SSIM of 0.9744, and a VIF of 0.9269. Additionally, the work demonstrated a hidden information capacity of 3.67 bits per pixel (BPP).