bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Glutenin Protein Fractions from Sequential Extraction of Hard Red Spring Wheats of Different Breadmaking Quality
Authors: Zhu J. , Khan K. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTGluten proteins from two cultivars of hard red spring (HRS) wheat with good and poor breadmaking quality were fractionated into 13 fractions by sequential extraction with dilute hydrochloric acid. Each subfraction was characterized by multistacking (MS) SDS‐PAGE under nonreducing conditions, followed by imaging densitometry. The glutenin polymers from the origins of MS‐SDS‐PAGE were analyzed by SDSP‐PAGE under reducing conditions to determine the composition of high and low molecular weight subunits. The results showed that fractions differed significantly in glutenin‐to‐gliadin ratios and in the size distribution of glutenin polymers. The earlier precipitated fractions were composed of more gliadins but fewer glutenin polymers. However, the glutenin polymers gradually increased in their relative quantities with the residue having the largest glutenin‐to‐gliadin ratio. The size distribution of glutenin polymers differed significantly from early precipitated to later fractions. The relative quantities of glutenin aggregates at the 4% origins increased significantly. The ratio of high molecular weight (HMW) to low molecular weight (LMW) glutenin subunits increased significantly from early to intermediate fractions. Between the two cultivars, significant differences were found in the ratio of HMW to LMW glutenin subunits and quantity of SDS insoluble glutenin polymers in the residue fraction with the better breadmaking quality cultivar ND706 having a greater ratio than the cultivar Sharp. It was concluded that the size distribution of glutenin polymers played an important role in determining the differences in breadmaking quality between the good and poor HRS wheat cultivars.
Changes in Distribution of Isoflavones and β‐Glucosidase Activity During Soy Bread Proofing and Baking
Authors: Zhang Yu Chu , Lee Jae Hwan , Vodovotz Yael , Schwartz Steven J. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTBread made partially with soy may represent a viable alternative for increasing soy consumption in populations consuming Western diets. The potential health‐promoting activity of soy isoflavones may depend on their abundance and chemical form. The objective of this study was to characterize the changes in isoflavone distribution and β‐glucosidase activity during the soy breadmaking process. Soy bread ingredients were combined and mixed to form a dough that was subsequently proofed at 48°C for 1–4 hr and baked at 165°C for 50 min to produce breads. The isoflavone composition and β‐glucosidase activity in bread ingredients, doughs, and breads were monitored. Soy ingredients and wheat flour (not bread yeast) were the major contributors of the β‐glucosidase activity in bread. No degradation of isoflavones was observed during breadmaking but the isoflavone distribution was largely altered. Proofing and baking have important but different roles in changing the isoflavone distribution. Proofing converted isoflavone β‐glucosides to aglycones by highly specific β‐glucosidase activity. Thermal treatment during baking significantly decreased the isoflavone malonylglucosides and increased isoflavone β‐glucosides. Enzyme activity during proofing and the balance between formation and deconjugation of isoflavones during baking determine the isoflavone content and composition in the final product.
Genome-Wide Analysis of the Core DNA Replication Machinery in the Higher Plants Arabidopsis and Rice
Authors: Shultz Randall W. , Tatineni Vinaya M. , Hanley-Bowdoin Linda , Thompson William F. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractCore DNA replication proteins mediate the initiation, elongation, and Okazaki fragment maturation functions of DNA replication. Although this process is generally conserved in eukaryotes, important differences in the molecular architecture of the DNA replication machine and the function of individual subunits have been reported in various model systems. We have combined genome-wide bioinformatic analyses of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and rice (Oryza sativa) with published experimental data to provide a comprehensive view of the core DNA replication machinery in plants. Many components identified in this analysis have not been studied previously in plant systems, including the GINS (go ichi ni san) complex (PSF1, PSF2, PSF3, and SLD5), MCM8, MCM9, MCM10, NOC3, POLA2, POLA3, POLA4, POLD3, POLD4, and RNASEH2. Our results indicate that the core DNA replication machinery from plants is more similar to vertebrates than single-celled yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), suggesting that animal models may be more relevant to plant systems. However, we also uncovered some important differences between plants and vertebrate machinery. For example, we did not identify geminin or RNASEH1 genes in plants. Our analyses also indicate that plants may be unique among eukaryotes in that they have multiple copies of numerous core DNA replication genes. This finding raises the question of whether specialized functions have evolved in some cases. This analysis establishes that the core DNA replication machinery is highly conserved across plant species and displays many features in common with other eukaryotes and some characteristics that are unique to plants.
The cytologic diagnosis of Mycobacterium kansasi tuberculosis by fluorescence microscopy of Papanicolaou‐stained specimens
Authors: KÜPPER TH. , WEHLE K. , MARZAHN S. , PFITZER P. 
Published: June 2007

The cytologic diagnosis of Mycobacterium kansasi tuberculosis by fluorescence microscopy of Papanicolaou‐stained specimensThe sensitivities of (i) Papanicolaou fluorescence, (ii) auramine rhodamine fluorescence, and (iii) Ziehl‐Neelsen staining were compared for their ability to detect the atypical mycobacterium Myco. kansasi in cytological samples. Ninety‐two cases were investigated, and the sensitivities of the three methods of detection were found to be 36.9%, 12.0%, and 20.7%, respectively. The control groups consisted of 30 specimens from cases of bronchial carcinoma and 30 of pneumonia. All cases were proved by microbiology. No false‐positive results were recorded using Papanicolaou fluorescence. An important but coincidental finding arising from this study was that infection by the atypical mycobacterium Myco. kansasi causes cytological patterns corresponding to those normally associated with acute pneumonia and not to tuberculosis.
Clinicopathological significance of survivin expression in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chau G‐Y , Lee A F‐Y , Tsay S‐H , Ke Y‐R , Kao H‐L , Wong F‐H , Tsou A‐P , Chau Y‐P 
Published: June 2007

Aims:  Survivin, a newly discovered member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, is suggested to be involved in liver carcinogenesis. The aim was to investigate the clinical significance of survivin expression in resected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and paired adjacent non‐tumour tissue.Methods and results:  Immunohistochemistry, reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction and Western blots were used to examine survivin mRNA and protein levels in 94 specimens of HCC tissues at different TNM stages and the data were correlated with the clinicopathological profiles. Patients were categorized into those with high tumour survivin protein levels (T–N ≥ −1) and those with low levels (T–N < −1). Follow‐up data were collected prospectively. mRNA levels of survivin and its splice variants in tumour tissue were significantly higher than in paired non‐tumour tissue. However, survivin protein levels in paired non‐tumour tissue were significantly higher than in tumour tissue from all three TNM stages. Additionally, high tumour survivin protein levels (T–N ≥ −1) correlated with a better prognosis and low levels (T–N < −1) with a worse survival rate.Conclusions:  High cytoplasmic survivin protein levels in HCC tissues seem to be an indicator of better prognosis in HCC patients after resection.
Assessing participation bias in a population‐based study of measles‐mumps‐rubella vaccine immunity in children and adolescents aged 12–18
Authors: St. Sauver Jennifer L. , Jacobsen Steven J. , Jacobson Robert M. , Vierkant Robert A. , Ovsyannikova Inna G. , Dhiman Neelam , Poland Gregory A. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe purpose of our study was to determine whether specific characteristics were associated with study participation in a group of children residing in Olmsted County, MN. We compared 346 participants and 848 non‐participants from a study examining associations between human leukocyte antigen gene variants and immunity following measles‐mumps‐rubella (MMR) vaccination by demographic characteristics, MMR vaccination history and length of time in the Olmsted County health care system. We also compared the frequency and reasons for health care visits between participants and non‐participants by comparing diagnostic codes for all visits that had occurred between 1999 and 2001. Characteristics were compared using chi‐square and t‐tests, followed by multivariable logistic regression.Study participants were more likely to be white/Caucasian, to have received their first MMR vaccination at a younger age, and to have had more health care visits (especially for acute respiratory illnesses, vaccinations, or other acute conditions such as fainting and headaches) than study non‐participants. These results suggest that frequent use of local health care systems by children and parents may increase comfort levels with local physicians and physician researchers, thereby improving participation rates in research studies among these populations. However, special efforts may be necessary to improve research participation among children who are infrequent users of the health care systems of interest.
Detection of Miocene saucer‐shaped sills (offshore Senegal) via integrated interpretation of seismic, magnetic and gravity data
Authors: Rocchi Sergio , Mazzotti Alfredo , Marroni Michele , Pandolfi Luca , Costantini Paolo , Giuseppe Bertozzi , Biase Davide di , Federici Francesco , Lô Papa Goumbo 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe Atlantic margin offshore Senegal has been explored by seismic reflection and GRAV‐MAG surveys. High‐amplitude, laterally transgressive seismic reflectors are found to coincide with gravimetric and magnetic highs. Once seismic data are integrated with potential fields modelling, these reflectors can be safely interpreted as saucer‐shaped igneous sills, up to some hundreds of metres thick, some km wide. The occurrence of hydrothermal vent complexes and forced folds in the stratigraphic sequence above the sills constrain the intrusion age to the Miocene. Field observations and in‐situ magnetic susceptibility measurements of Oligocene–Miocene and Quaternary igneous rocks emplaced in coastal Senegal support this interpretation.
GENETIC STUDY: Prodynorphin gene promoter repeat associated with cocaine/alcohol codependence
Authors: Williams Tanya J. , LaForge K. Steven , Gordon Derek , Bart Gavin , Kellogg Scott , Ott Jurg , Kreek Mary Jeanne 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTThere is strong evidence for a genetic contribution to individual differences in vulnerability to drug addictions. Studies have shown that the 68‐base pair repeat polymorphism in the promoter region of the human prodynorphin gene contains a putative AP‐1 binding site, and that three or four repeat copies result in greater transcriptional activation. Here, we report on a separate cohort of 302 subjects ascertained and characterized extensively by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders‐Fourth Edition and Addiction Severity Index criteria as: (1) a control group of 127 subjects with no history of alcohol or drug abuse or dependence; (3) a case group of 82 with cocaine dependence only; and (3) a case group of 93 with cocaine and alcohol codependence. The promoter region of the prodynorphin gene containing the repeat was amplified from genomic DNA by polymerase chain reaction and analyzed via gel electrophoresis. Statistical tests were performed with data stratified by the three major ethnic groups studied: African American, Caucasian and Hispanic. For analyses, genotypes were grouped into short (1,1; 1,2; 2,2), short/long (1,3; 2,3; 1,4; 2,4) and long (3,3; 3,4; 4,4) repeats. Deviation from Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium in the African American control group necessitated testing for association using grouped genotypes rather than grouped alleles. In controls, a significant difference was found in grouped genotype distribution among ethnicities. We found a point‐wise, but not experiment‐wise across‐ethnicities, significant difference in grouped genotype frequency between the cocaine/alcohol‐codependent group and the controls in African Americans, with genotypes containing longer alleles found at higher frequency in the codependent group.
Response of three pines to parasitism by Helicotylenchus digonicus (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae)
Authors: Mancini G. , Cotroneo Alba , Moretti F. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractExperiments, carried out to verify the parasitic action of Helicotylenchus digonicus on Pinus strobus and P. excelsa and their hybrid, indicate a positive host‐parasite relationship. In general the consequences of nematode feeding is a reduction of seedling development similar to that induced by the absence of mycorrhizae.
Survey of the deterioration of the coastal vegetation in the park of San Rossore in central Italy
Authors: Gellini R. , Pantani F. , Grossoni P. , Bussotti F. , Barbolani E. , Rinallo C. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractSome italian pine‐woods on the Tyrrhenian coast (mainly Pinus pinea and Pinus pinaster) appear to have been deteriorating since nearly 20 years. From the experimental results of the present investigation, the main cause may be ascribed to the presence of both surfactants and salts in the sea‐spray which is deposited onto the pine needles by south‐westerly winds.
Morphological and chemical traits of pine needles of trees in a gap caused by root rot
Authors: Rykowski K. , Sierota Z. H. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractSome morphological traits of the crown (length and dry weight of needles, length of shoots) and chemical composition of the needles (content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium) of a tree remaining in the middle of a Fomes annosus‐rot gap in a 55‐year‐old pine stand, were compared to the same traits from trees at the edges of the gap. The central tree (C) was intermediate in morphological traits. The lowest concentrations of N, P, and K were found in needles of the central (C) tree and, respectively, the highest ones in needles of the tree classified as weakened (I) and standing at the edge of the gap.
Das Bioindikatornetz “Inn‐Salzach‐Gebiet” ‐ein grenzüberschreitendes Meßnetz
Authors: Von Rudolph E. , Halbwachs G. 
Published: June 2007

Abstract The bioindicator‐monitoring network “Inn‐Salzach‐area”– a border‐crossing network. The monitoring network for sulphur‐ and fluoride containing air pollutants, existing in Bavaria since 1975 and based on spruce trees (Picca abies) as indicators, has been extended to Upper Austrian territory. The results, which were obtained in the period between 1975 and 1980, are presented.
Selektivmedien zum Nachweis von Heterobasidion annosum in Feinwurzeln
Authors: Von Zhang Shen , Holdenrieder O. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractSelective media for the assay of Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. In fine roots. The behaviour of four Heterobasidion annosum strains on several selective media containing orthophenylphenol and antibiotics was recorded. The media were tested for selectivity by reisolation of the fungus from artificially infected and contaminated root segments. The following medium is recommended for the assay of H. annosum in fine roots: Orthophenylphenol 50 mg/l, Streptomycinsulphate 100 mg/l in water agar.
A little‐leaf disease of Eucalyptus in Kerala, India*
Authors: Sharma J. K. , Mohanan C. , Florence E. J. Maria 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA little‐leaf disease of Eucalyptus tereticornis, E. grandis and E. globulus characterized by stunting of plants and considerable reduction in size of leaves and internodes, was recorded during survey of nurseries and plantations in Kerala State. The survey indicated that though the little leaf disease was widespread, its incidence was quite low. Transmission of the symptoms by sap and graft techniques was unsuccessful. However, positive fluorescence and staining of phloem tissues by Dienes' stain indicates that this disease may be caused by mycoplasmalike organisms (MLO).
Fomannoxin production by different spruce isolates of Fomes annosus
Authors: Heslin M. C. , Stuart M. R. 
Published: June 2007

Abstract In vitro production by five isolates of Fomes annosus obtained from diseased spruce trees in Irish Forestry plantations is compared. Identification of these isolates as five distinct strains is based on quantitative differences in fomannoxin production, differences in linear growth rate and mycelial interaction between isolates in paired culture.
Untersuchungen über Calocera viscosa Pers. ex Fr. als Wurzelfäuleerreger
Authors: Siepmann R. 
Published: June 2007

Abstract Pathogenicity tests with Calocera viscosa. C. viscosa grew from wood blocks through wounds into living roots (wounded) of Pseudotsuga menziesii at growth rates comparable to Phaeolus schweinitzii and Sparassis crispa.
Host range and pathogenicity studies of Marsonnina brunnea to poplars
Authors: Spiers A. G. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractLaboratory studies of Marssonina brunnea (Ell. + Ev.) Magn. established the wide host range and strong pathogenicity of this pathogen to poplars. New Zealand isolates were uniformly pathogenic whereas gross differences in pathogenicity were observed between international isolates. The adoption of a standard inoculation technique for screening poplars for Marssonina resistance is urged.
Investigations with sandalwood Mycoplasma and toxins
Authors: NAYAR R. 
Published: June 2007

Abstract Mycoplasma sp., isolated from sandalwood (Santalum album L.) with spike disease, infected Stachytarpheta jamaicensis and sandalwood test plants causing abnormal leaf development. Six month old sandalwood seedlings died after a single inoculation but S. jamaicensis, inoculated first at the 2 leaf stage, reverted to normal after 5–6 months if inoculations were not repeated until the plants died. This reversion is attributed to inhibition of multiplication of the Mycoplasma sp. in S. jamaicensis due to host specificity. Toxins extracted from spiked sandalwood and inoculated in the two test species did not produce any symptom or leaf abnormality.
Nursery diseases of Eucalyptus in Kerala1
Authors: Sharma J. K. , Mohanan C. , Maria Florence E. J. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractSurvey of Eucalyptus (E, grandis and E. tereticornis) nurseries in Kerala State indicates that the most prevalent diseases are damping‐off, web blight and seedling blight in seedbeds and stem canker, leaf and shoot blights and Phaeoseptoria leaf spot in container plants. Cylindrocladium spp., Rbizoctonia solani and Pythium spp. arc the main serious pathogens. Pythium myriotylum, P. deliense, R. scilani, Cylindrocladium camellias, C. clavatum and Sclerotium rolfsii are recorded for the first time on Eucalyptus.
The sensitivity of poplar leaves to lead nitrate and the intracellular localization of lead1
Authors: Ksiazek M. , Wozny A. , Siwecki R. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe sensitivity to lead nitrate of four chosen poplar species has been investigated. P. maximowiczii turned out to be the most sensitive, and P, nigra the least sensitive one. Morphologically lead presence in the loaves in manifested itself with a change of colour (from green to more or less reddish‐brown)of the leaf venation and petioles and with necrosis of some parts of the blade. At the ultrastructural level lead deposits were present mainly within the vascular elements of the leaves.
Digital time‐lapse cinematography of a series of objects1: recordings of defense reactions of Norway spruce tissue cultures, derived from single organs, against the fungus Phaeolus schweinitzii
Authors: Hřib J. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA fully automated piece of equipment for digital time‐lapse cinematography of a series of objects (DTLCSO) was used to record the course of defense reactions of callus cultures derived from the developed root, hypocotyl, cotyledons and young epicotyl needles of Picea abies seedlings against a wooddestroying fungus Phaeolus schweinitzii. The callus cultures exhibited different intensities of defense reaction against the mycelium of the fungus. A hypothesis is suggested that the defense reactions of individual tissues and organs are associated with the integrity of the plant organism.
Wasserstoffperoxid‐ein Mittel zur Verhütung der Stockinfektion von Faichtenbeständen durch Heterobasidion annosum?1
Authors: Mohr E. 
Published: June 2007

Abstract Hydrogen peroxide‐a substance for preventing stump infection by Heterobasidion annosum in spruce stands? Stem disks of spruce were treated with hydrogenperoxide to avoid H. annosum infection. The persistence of the treatment was investigated. It proved to be unexpectedly good. Possible suitability of hydrogen peroxide as a protective agent against Heterobasidion annosum as well as the necessity of further investigations is discussed.
Carotenoids in Chrysomyxa abietis infected spruce needles
Authors: Grill D. , Pfeifhofer W. , Esterbauer H. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe carotenoid pattern of Chrysomyxa infected spruce needles is investigated over one vegetation period. The rust fungus contains β‐carotene and γ‐carotene, and the quantity of both carotenes depends on the ontogeny of the fungus. The pigments of spruce needles are generally diminished.
The uptake and translocation of 14C in Scots pine seedlings of differing susceptibility to sulphur dioxide1
Authors: Lorenc‐Pluciánska] Gabriela 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe influence of SO2 on the metabolism of SO2‐tolerant and SO2‐sensitive seedlings of Scots pine was investigated. Under the influence of SO2 changes were observed in 14CO2 assimilation, in 14C‐fixation pattern and in 14C‐translocation. The changes were more marked in the SO2‐sensitivc plants than in the more tolerant ones. The inhibition of 14C‐transport from needles to roots following SO2 fumigation was stronger than the reduction in I4CO2 uptake.
Norway spruce die‐back: isolation, biological activity, measurement of concentration of p‐hydroxy acetophenone and its O‐glucoside (Picein) by gas chromatography
Authors: Hoque E. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis short report as a part of a broad work (Eur. J. For. Path. 15, 1985a) describes the isolation, the biological activity and the measurement of concentration of p‐hydroxy acetophenone and its O‐gluco‐side (picein) by gas chromatography. p‐hydroxy acetophenone was found to be phytotoxic to the 2‐year‐old saplings at a conc. of 500 ppm. The gas chromatographic measurement of p‐hydroxy aceto‐phenone (p‐HAP) and its O‐glucoside (after enzymic hydrolysis) in the current year's shoot parts showed the ratio p‐HAP: p‐HAP‐O‐glucoside always larger than 1 in the affected trees and less than 1 in the healthy trees.
The effects of nitrogen fertilization on the ultrastructure of mesophyll cells of conifer needles in northern Finland
Authors: Soikkeli Sirkka , Kärenlampi Lauri 
Published: June 2007

AbstractCytological injuries in needles of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] were studied at light and electron microscope level in northern Finland. Needle samples were taken from fertilized (mainly with nitrogen) and nonfertilized trees during winter 1980. The results are discussed in relation to the severe climate and growth response of the trees.