bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diacylglycerols and the protein kinase inhibitor H‐7 suppress cell polarity and locomotion of walker 256 carcinosarcoma cells
Authors: Keller H. U. , Zimmermann A. , Niggli V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe show that diacylglycerols, like phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), suppress cell polarity and locomotor activity of Walker carcinosarcoma cells in a dose‐dependent fashion in vitro. OAG and diC8 show significant activity at concentrations above 3 × 10−5 M. The inhibitory effect on locomotion is due to a reduction in the proportion of locomoting cells rather than gradual lowering of the speed of individual cells. Measurement of protein kinase C (PKC) activity in isolated fractions showed a substantial reduction of the total cellular PKC activity and of the activity in the cytosolic fraction following incubation of cells with 10−8 M PMA for 30 min. In contrast, the total and relative PKC activity associated with the membrane fraction was increased by PMA. The effect of H‐7, an inhibitor of PKC as well as of cAMP‐dependent kinase, has been tested. H‐7 suppressed cell polarity of “unstimulated” control cells (ID50 = 6.5 μ.M H‐7), colchicine‐stimulated cells (ID50 = 92 μM H‐7) or cells treated with both PMA and colchicine (ID50 = 15 μM H‐7), in a dose‐dependent fashion. The locomotor activity of the cells was also suppressed. LTB4 had no clearcut activity in this system. Our findings suggest that diacylglycerols and H‐7 are of interest as physiological or pharmacological stop signals for tumor‐cell locomotion. Contrary to our expectations, PMA and diacylglycerols vs. H‐7 did not produce opposing or antagonistic effects on cell polarity and locomotion. This similarity may be due to down‐regulation of PKC by PMA and inhibition of PKC by H‐7. However, the mechanisms underlying these novel effects of diacylglycerols and of H‐7 on cell polarity and locomotion may be even more complex; they require further studies.
Human glioma cell lines expressing the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (cALLa) have neutral endopeptidase activity
Authors: Monod Léonard , Disekens Annie‐Claire , Jongeneel C. Victor , Carrel Stefan , Ronco Pierre , Verroust Pierre , de Tribolet Nicolas 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeveral established human glioma cell lines have been previously shown to express the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (cALLa, CD 10), an important marker in the diagnosis of human acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). The amino acid sequence of cALLa is identical to that of neutral endopeptidase (NEP,E.C.3.4.24.11), and cALLa expressed on leukemia and melanoma cell lines is enzymatically active NEP. In the present study, we investigated whether cALLa expressed on glioma cell lines is active NEP. We detected cALLa on 10 out of 13 glioma cell lines using 2 different anticALLa MAbs (A12‐G4 and FAH99). NEP antigen, as detected by immunostaining with an anti‐NEP MAb (135A3), was expressed on the same 10 lines. cALLa‐positive, but not cALLa‐negative ceil lines displayed an endopeptidase activity. This activity could be blocked by phosphoramidon, a specific inhibitor of NEP. Furthermore, mRNAs hybridizing to an NEP‐specific probe were present in cALLa‐positive glioma cells but not in cALLa‐negative cells. Taken together, the results provide strong evidence that cALLa‐positive glioma cell lines express endopeptidase activity on the cell surface.
Cytogenetic abnormalities in benign lymphoid hyperplasia: A dual‐parameter study using chromosome analysis and flow cytometry
Authors: Grace J. , Hall B. E. , Lew M. , Singh S. , Pittman S. , Palmer A. A. , Zbroja R. , Wass J. , Vincent P. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis is a prospective study of lymphoid tissue showing benign reactive hyperplasia (18 lymph nodes and 2 tonsils), using cytogenetic analysis of cells stimulated with T‐ or B‐cell mitogens. The reason for this study was the detection of an abnormal chromosomal population in cells from an enlarged lymph node excised from a 7‐year‐old female who on further investigation was found to be clinically well and after one year's close follow‐up had not developed any further signs or symptoms of malignancy. In addition, DNA content was measured by flow cytometry (FCM) on fresh cell suspensions in 17 cases and fixed cell suspensions in 3 cases. Structural and numerical clonal chromosome abnormalities were found in 9 of the 20 samples, but no common specific defect was identified. FCM showed an abnormal DNA content in 10 of the 20 samples studied; 3 of these showed clonal chromosome abnormalities. Surface membrane immunoglobulin studies were carried out on 15 of the 20 samples using cell suspensions and frozen tissue sections. In 5 of the 15 cases, monoclonal surface immunoglobulin was detected. There was no direct correlation between the surface membrane immunoglobulin studies and the chromosome and FCM analyses. We conclude that aneuploidy is a common feature in reactive lymphoid tissue, but both cytogenetics and FCM are needed to identify it.
The copenhagen case‐control study of renal pelvis and ureter cancer: Role of analgesics
Authors: Jensen O. M. , Knudsen J. B. , Tomasson H. , Sørensen B. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAnalgesic intake was investigated for 96 patients with cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter (including papillomas) and 294 hospital controls. In comparison with persons who never used analgesics, increased relative risks (RR) were seen for users of phenacetin‐containing drugs after adjustment for smoking and high‐risk occupational exposure (men: RR = 2.4; women: RR = 4.2). A significant relative risk for aspirin use among women was also observed. There was an indication of a dose‐effect relationship for both types of analgesics. The influence of phenacetin and aspirin on the development of renal pelvis and ureter tumours could not be separated since in this study the two compounds occurred so frequently in the same formulation. Experimental studies and phenacetin metabolism makes it biologically most relevant to attribute the observed association in the present study to the phenacetin component of the drugs.
The subcellular localization of the neu protein in human normal and neoplastic cells
Authors: De Potter C. R. , Quatacker J. , Maertens G. , Van Daele S. , Pauwels C. , Verhofstede C. , Eechaute W. , Roels H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have examined the subcellular localization of the neu protein by immunohistochemistry and immuno‐electron microscopy, associated with immunoblotting of normal and neoplastic tissues with 2 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Immunoelectron microscopy clearly reveals that neu protein resides only on the lateral plasma membrane of the simple epithelium of the breast and on the plasma membrane of malignant breast cells. It is also found on the membranes of the microvilli and the apical vacuoles of the cells of the proximal convoluted tubule of the kidney. In the cytoplasm, the only immunoreactivity detected with both antibodies was on the membrane of the mitochondrial cristae of normal and malignant cells. Immunoblotting reveals that the molecular weight of the membrane protein is I85 and 155 kDa for the mitochondrial protein. The cell membrane staining pattern can be revealed by light microscopic immunohistochemistry only in malignant cells and is therefore specific for malignancy. The membrane expression in normal cells cannot be visualized in this way. The mitochondrial reactivity appears as a cytoplasmic granular staining when examined under the light microscope. Similar cytoplasmic staining has been described previously in other studies with other antibodies against the neu protein and has lead to speculation about its function in normal and malignant cells. However, it is demonstrated in this study that it is not the known neu‐oncogene product.
Ki67 and 4F2 antigen expression as well as dna synthesis predict survival at relapse/tumour progression in low‐grade B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Holte Harald , De Lange Davies Catharina , Beiske Klaus , Stokxe Trond , Marton Per F. , Smeland Erlend B. , Høie Johan , Kvaløy Stein 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrevious work has shown that parameters of cell activation studied on lymphoma biopsies can be used to discriminate between low‐grade and high‐grade non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas and to predict prognosis in the low‐grade malignancy group alone. We have now examined expression of several activation antigens and indicators of DNA synthesis in 29 patients with low‐grade malignant B‐cell lymphomas at the time of primary diagnosis and later at relapse and/or tumour progression. At both times, the level of 4F2 antigen expression examined by flow cytometry on cells in suspension as well as the number of Ki67 antigen‐positive cells examined by immunohistochemistry were predictive of patient survival. DNA synthesis estimated by (3H‐TdR) thymidine incorporation was of prognostic value at the second biopsy only. These parameters were more sensitive than histological demonstration of morphological transformation in secondary high‐grade lymphomas in identifying high‐risk patients at repeated biopsy. We propose that Ki67 or 4F2 expression or a marker of DNA synthesis (such as 3H‐TdR incorporation or labelling index) should be evaluated when repeated biopsies are performed, in order to select patients for whom aggressive chemotherapy may be considered.
Patterns of familial transmission of HBV and the risk of developing liver cancer: A case‐control study in the Philippines
Authors: Muñoz Nubia , Lingao A. , Lao J. , Estève Jacques , Viterbo G. , Domingo E. O. , Lansang M. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe present case‐control study was carried out in the Philippines to determine the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in relation to different HBV serological profiles of parents and sibs of HCC cases and controls. The HBV serological profiles of parents and sibs of 33 patients with HCC were compared with those of 2 types of community control: 33 general population controls matched for sex and age (CI controls) and 33 asymptomatic HBsAg carriers also matched for sex and age (C2 controls). When cases were compared with CI controls, increased risks were associated with the fact of having an HBsAg‐positive mother (RR = 2.5, 95% CI = 0.4–26.3) and older sibs positive for HBsAg (RR = 2.0, 95% CI = 0.5–9.1), but the increased risk was not statistically significant. However, a significantly increased risk was associated with the fact of having a mother (95% CI = 3.5–∞) or father (RR =11, 95% CI = 1.6–473) who had been exposed to HBV. On the other hand, when cases were compared with C2 controls, a non‐significant 2‐fold increase was associated with the fact of having an HBsAg‐positive mother, but no differences were observed in the HBV serological profiles of their fathers and older sibs. These results suggest that, in the Philippines, the fact of having a mother or father who has been infected in the past with HBV increases the risk of developing HCC but that the contribution of the mother to this increase in risk is not as important as hitherto believed.
Expression of the ras‐related rap genes in human tumors
Authors: Culne Stèphane , Olofsson Birgitta , Gosselin Sylvette , Honore Nicole , Tavitian Armand 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe expression of the recently described rap genes, closely related in the effector region to the ras proto‐oncogenes, was examined by Northern blot analysis in 41 primary human tumors. The structural and in vitro biological properties of the rap gene products suggest their possible antagonistic action in the same effector pathway as the ras proteins. In order to determine whether a deregulation in the rap transcription levels could be involved per se in the multistep carcinogenic process, we chose to analyze tumors for which the ras mutation rate was previously reported to be extremely rare or unknown, i.e., non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas, certain types of carcinoma, sarcomas, germinal neoplasms of the testes and various tumors of the nervous system. A severe decrease in the expression of the rapl A gene was shown in the fibrosarcomas and the adenocarcinoma of the salivary gland studied, as compared to their normal counterparts, whereas no rap2 expression was found in the polyadenylated RNA of sarcoma samples.
Cell‐mediated immune responses—prognostic indicators of survival from breast cancer
Authors: Cannon Grace B. , Pomerantz Robin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe prognostic significance of cell‐mediated immunity measured by a single post‐operative in vitro lymphoproliferation assay with an autologous tumor hypotonic membrane preparation (HMP) and in the mixed leukocyte culture (MLC) is shown in white and black breast cancer patients followed for as long as 14 years. Nine of 16 white patients and 6 of 11 black patients who did not respond to their tumor but who had a normal MLC died of systemic breast cancer as compared to I of 20 white and 2 of S black patients who responded to the HMP and/or had a depressed MLC. When high‐risk clinical variables (nodal status, tumor size and cell differentiation) were combined with high‐risk immunological risk factors in white patients, the prognostic values of both the immunological and clinical categories were enhanced. Seven of 9 concordant high‐risk white patients died from systemic breast cancer. These results point to the necessity of immunological testing as an aid in clinical staging of breast cancer patients.
Resident macrophages specifically inhibit DNA synthesis in the nuclei of transformed cells in heterokaryons
Authors: Prudovsky Igor A. , Gumeniuk Raphilja R. , Yegorov Yegor E. , Zelenin Alexander V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDNA synthesis in heterokaryons of mouse peritoneal macrophages and various proliferating cultured cells was analyzed. Macrophages did not inhibit replication in the nuclei of non‐immortalized and spontaneously immortalized cells (rat fibroblasts and macrophages, mouse pre‐macrophages, NIH3T3 cells). On the contrary, the percentage of DNAsynthesizing nuclei of malignant HeLa cells was drastically reduced in heterokaryons. The transformation of NIH3T3 cells with c‐Ki‐ras oncogene and that of rat chondrocytes with p53 oncogene made these cells sensitive to the replication‐inhibiting activity of macrophages in heterokaryons. Our observation represents a kind of “intracellular” cytotoxic activity of macrophages directed against transformed cells.
Tissue norepinephrine depletion as a mechanism for cysteamine inhibition of colon carcinogenesis induced by azoxymethane in wistar rats
Authors: Tatsuta Masaharu , Iishi Hiroyasu , Baba Miyako , Taniguchi Haruo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effects of cysteamine (2‐aminoethanethiol hydrochloride) on the incidence, number and histology of colon tumors induced by azoxymethane (AOM), and on the norepinephrine concentration in the colon wall tissue and the labelling indices of colon mucosa and colon cancers were investigated in Wistar rats. Rats received 10 weekly injections of 7.4 mg/kg body weight of AOM and alternate‐day subcutaneous injections of 25 mg/kg of cysteamine in 0.9% NaCI solution until the end of the experiment. At week 40, prolonged administration of cysteamine significantly reduced the incidence and number of colon tumors. Histologically, the adenocarcinomas that did develop in rats treated with cysteamine exhibited high mucin‐producing activity. Administration of cysteamine caused significant decreases in the norepinephrine concentration in colon tissue and in the labelling indices of colon mucosa and cancers. Our findings indicate that cysteamine inhibits the development of colon tumors. This action may be related to its effect in decreasing norepinephrine concentration in the colon wall tissues and subsequently in decreasing proliferation of colon cancer cells.
Transforming activity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma DNA detectable in mouse JB6 cells
Authors: Colburn N. H. , Raab‐Traub N. , Becker D. , Cao Y. , Winterstein D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA JB6 mouse epidermal recipient cell line has been used to detect nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) DNA‐associated transforming activity that is not detectable in the NIH 3T3 focus assay. NPC DNA showed both transforming activity and activity for transferring sensitivity to tumor‐promoter‐induced neoplastic transformation, assayed in 2 different variants of mouse JB6 cells. Comparison of DNAs from various NPC sources that did or did not harbor EBV DNA and that varied in degree of differentiation showed similar transforming activities and similar activities for transferring promotion sensitivity. Thus both a NPC DNA‐associated promotion sensitivity and an oncogenic activity function independently of concurrent EBV gene expression.
Biodistribution and histological localization of anti‐human colon cancer monoclonal antibody (MAb) 1A3: The influence of administered MAB dose on tumor uptake
Authors: Fenwick J. R. , Philpott G. W. , Connett J. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUsing a murine monoclonal antibody MAb 1A3, which binds to a lipid antigen found enriched in human colon cancer, and MOPC‐21 antibody, as a non‐specific control, we examined the effect of increasing doses of 125l‐labelled MAbs (5μg to 2,000μg) on tumor localization. Biodistribution studies in hamsters with small GW‐39 human colon carcinoma tumors [0.44g ± 0.014 (SEM)] demonstrated functional saturation of antigen binding sites in tumors when large doses of MAb 1A3 were used. The percentage injected dose bound per gram of tumor (ID/g tumor) remained constant for doses of intact MAb 1A3 > 100μg but decreased with doses > 100μg, suggesting that a population of antigen binding sites had been saturated. While the percentage ID/g tumor decreased for doses of MAb 1A3 > 100μg, the absolute amount specifically bound/ g tumor increased (up to the 1,000μg dose), suggesting that another population of less accessible 1A3 antigen could continue to bind MAb 1A3. In contrast, MOPC demonstrated a relatively constant percentage ID/g of tumor (2.26% ± 0.11) throughout the dose range which was 2–3 times lower than MAb 1A3 (6.8% ± 0.14) at plateau doses (5–100μg). These data suggested that specific saturation of tumor binding sites was a biphasic phenomenon. Blood and normal tissues did not show binding kinetics suggesting saturation. Results of dose response experiments using MAb 1A3 F(ab′)2 fragments (5μg to 1,000μg) closely paralleled those obtained with intact MAb 1A3, but with lower percentages of ID/g tumor, blood and non‐tumor tissues as in previous studies with MAb 1A3 and other MAb F(ab′)2 fragments. Histological examinations demonstrated that non‐specific binding of MOPC or MAb 1A3 to tumor or normal tissues was of such low affinity as to be largely undetected after histological procedures. In contrast, MAb 1A3 (but not MOPC) showed specific cell‐binding patterns to tumor but not normal tissues at all doses.
The influence of glucocorticoids on the growth of a human leiomyosarcoma cell line SK‐LMS‐1
Authors: Madsen Walter E. , Das Gupta Tapas K. , Walker Michael J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA cell line derived from a human leiomyosarcoma, SK‐LMS‐I, has cystolic [Bmax 201.6 ± 39.7, x̄ ± SD, fM/mg cytosol protein KD 14.6 ± 7.8 nM (n = 8)] and nuclear [Bmax189.2 ± 87.3 fM/mg DNA, KD 4.8 ± 0.26 nM (n = 5)] glucocorticoid receptor, by Scatchard analysis of tumors grown in male athymic mice. Tumor growth of SK‐LMS‐I cells in male athymic mice is inhibited by daily s.c. injection of DEX 5 μg, DEX 25 μg, DEX 5 μg with 5 μ. RU‐486 and 5 μg RU‐486. In sharp contrast, in vitro, glucocorticoid markedly stimulates the growth (as determined by cell number) of SK‐LMS‐I cells, principally at higher cell densities (days 10‐21 of growth carried on over a 21‐ to 23‐day period), the greatest stimulation being seen with DEX 10−6 to 10−8 M, and no stimulation being seen with DEX 10−9 and 10−10 M. In vitro, glucocorticoids with higher affinity for the GR stimulate growth, steroids with lower affinity inhibit growth. No alterations in cell‐cycle distribution (percent G0G1 S, or G2/m) could be found by flow cytometric analysis of glucocorticoid‐stimulated asynchronously growing cultures. Single, isolated, untreated SK‐LMS‐1 cells form colonies in soft agar with an efficiency of 1.78 ± 0.10%. Pre‐treatment of cells with DEX 10−7 M increases this to 3.24 ± 0.17%, while cells pre‐treated with both DEX 10−7 M RU‐486 107 M form colonies with the same efficiency as untreated cells. Glucocorticoids have inhibitory effects on in vivo growth and stimulatory effects on in vitro growth of a GR‐positive human leiomyosarcoma cell line.
Intrinsic differences in the transplantability and outgrowth potential of DMBA‐induced rat mammary tumors
Authors: Rivera Evelyn M. , Alston‐Mills Brenda 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOnly a small proportion of DMBA‐induced rat mammary tumors are transplantable in cleared (gland‐free) mammary fat pads. To enhance their transplantability, several host factors were modified: age, parity, hormone levels, and tissue integrity of the fat pad. Our 2 important findings were that (1) there were individual differences between the tumors in their transplantability and potential to proliferate normal and hyperplastic outgrowths, and (2) these differences were determined by their inherent potential and not by their environment. These intrinsic differences among the tumors are consistent with the concept that properties of a given type of tumor are independently variable.
Histo‐blotting: Hybridization in situ detection of specific RNAs on tissue sections transferred on nitrocellulose
Authors: Gudkov A. V. , Kashkin K. N. , Zaitsevskaya T. E. , Troyanovsky S. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA simple and rapid variant of in situ hybridization on tissue sections (histo‐blotting) usable for detection of specific RNA distribution among tissues is proposed. Tissue sections prepared with a cryostatic microtome are placed on nitrocellulose and these “histo‐blots” are hybridized with labelled DNA or RNA probes under conditions of Northern‐blot hybridization without any particular pretreatment. Tissue specificity of the RNA distribution may be determined by comparison of autoradiograms with the histological structure of the stained section. Histological staining and light microscopy may be carried out after hybridization of histo‐blots. Hybridization in situ may be easily combined with immunostaining under conditions of immunoblotting. Application of the proposed method is shown for alfa‐fetoprotein (AFP) and endogenous provirus (ev‐3) RNA detection in rat and chicken embryos, respectively. Histo‐blotting results correlate with the distribution of given RNAs among tissues determined by independent methods. Sensitivity, specificity and resolution of histo‐blotting have been evaluated and discussed.