bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zweizeitige Arthrodese bei knöchernen Fingergelenkdefekten –
Langfristige Ergebnisse
Authors: Moeller Richard-Tobias , Mentzel Martin , Vergote Daniel , Bauknecht Simon 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Knöcherne Defekte bei Fingerverletzungen und -infekten stellen
durch die engen anatomischen Beziehungen hohe Anforderungen an ihre Behandlung.
Bedingt durch den Unfallmechanismus liegen vielfach kontaminierte und
kompromittierte Weichgewebe vor und setzen einer einzeitigen operativen
Behandlung Grenzen. Vorgestellt werden die langfristigen subjektiven und
funktionellen Ergebnisse nach zweizeitiger Rekonstruktion von knöchernen
Defektverletzungen an Fingergelenken.
Patienten und Methoden Im Zeitraum von 15 Jahren wurden insgesamt 40
Patienten mit 43 Fingern aufgrund einer Defektverletzung an den Phalangen
behandelt. Initial wurde der Finger nach Debridement mit Kirschnerdrähten
stabilisiert. Nach Konsolidierung oder Rekonstruktion des Weichgewebes wurde in
einer weiteren Operation der Knochen durch Interposition eines Beckenkamspans
unter Arthrodese von mindestens einem Fingergelenk rekonstruiert. Bei 9
Patienten traten Komplikationen auf. 25 Patienten mit 27 Fingern konnten im
Median 10,3 Jahre nachuntersucht werden. Erhoben wurde der Bewegungsumfang, die
Länge des betroffenen Fingers und die Kraftentwicklung jeweils im Verhältnis zur
Gegenseite. Neben einer subjektiven Einschätzung des Gesamtergebnisses wurde die
Alltagsfunktion mittels Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH)
Fragebogen ermittelt.
Ergebnisse Signifikante Unterschiede zur Gegenseite (p<0,05) fanden
sich in der Länge (70 mm; 91,0%) und der Gesamtbeweglichkeit des betroffenen
Fingers (95°; 46,0%), der Handspanne bei Beteiligung des Daumens (202,5 mm;
93,4%) und im Kraftgriff bei Verletzung von einem der dreigliedrigen Fingern
(30 kg; 84,1%). Der DASH-Wert lag bei 4,2 Punkten (0–55,8). Subjektiv waren die
Patienten zu 88% mit dem Behandlungsergebnis zufrieden.
Schlussfolgerung Ein zweizeitiges Vorgehen bei ausgedehnten knöchernen
Defektverletzungen im Fingergelenkbereich unter Arthrodese des Gelenkes ist eine
verlässliche Versorgungsstrategie. Sie ergibt langfristig trotz messtechnisch
signifikanter Unterschiede zur Gegenseite eine subjektiv sehr gute Funktion der
Hand im Alltag.
Wege in den Krankenversicherungsschutz – Das Pilotprojekt
Clearingstelle 1.0 am Gesundheitsamt Frankfurt am Main
Authors: Lang Sarah Alexandra , Tinnemann Peter , Zöllner Rebecca 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungBundesweit haben schätzungsweise 500 000 bis 1 Million Menschen keinen
Krankenversicherungsschutz und damit keinen Zugang zu regulären
Versorgungsstrukturen – oft mit fatalen Folgen für die Gesundheit der
Betroffenen. Vor allem in Großstädten gibt es niederschwellige medizinische
Ambulanzen, die eine Basisgesundheitsversorgung parallel zum Regelsystem
anbieten. Es fehlt an nachhaltigen Lösungen zu Absicherung einer
bedarfsgerechten Gesundheitsversorgung. Clearingstellen als Anlaufstellen für
Menschen ohne Krankenversicherungsschutz und das Konzept Anonymer
Behandlungsschein (ABS) bauen eine Brücke zwischen gesundheitlichem Parallel-
und Regelsystem. Mit der Pilotierung der „Clearingstelle 1.0“ am Gesundheitsamt
Frankfurt am Main 2020 bis 2022 wurde die medizinische Basisversorgung der
Humanitären Sprechstunden durch fachliche Sozialberatung ergänzt, mit dem Ziel,
möglichst viele Personen ins gesetzliche Regelsystem zu vermitteln. Neben der
Ausweitung des Beratungsangebots, ist die dauerhafte Verankerung der
Clearingstelle in Frankfurt am Main für das Gesundheitsamt ein erklärtes
Ziel.
Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) Anesthesia Analysis
Authors: Andres Christoph , Trouvain André Maurice , Szurman Peter , Seitz Berthold , Fries Fabian Norbert , Rickmann Annekatrin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose Comparison of safety and clinical results of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in topical, peribulbar, or general anesthesia.
Methods Retrospective, post hoc matched study of 346 patients who received DMEK surgery with different types of anesthesia (n = 54 topical, n = 137 peribulbar, n = 155 general anesthesia). Outcome criteria were intraoperative complications, endothelial cell count (ECC), central corneal thickness (CCT) and graft rejection rate, rebubbling rate, and visual acuity (VA). Mean follow-up time was 9.4 ± 2.8 months.
Results The group with topical anesthesia showed intraoperative difficulties such as vitreous pressure (p = 0.01) and difficult graft unfolding (p = 0.4), possibly leading to a higher rebubbling rate (p = 0.03) and therefore graft failure (p = 0.39). However, rebubbling and graft failure occurred more often when the graft preparation was more difficult (p = 0.2, p = 0.13, respectively), which was independent of anesthesia. All three groups achieved comparable functional results regarding VA, ECC, and CCT after 6 months.
Conclusion DMEK under topical anesthesia is feasible and shows comparable final visual outcomes but should be limited to selected cooperative patients and performed by experienced surgeons due to the potential for increased intraoperative challenges.
Microsecond fast, battery powered, 100 kV modular pulse charger utilizing pulse transformers
Authors: Klein Tyler , Eulenbach Andrew , Neuber Andreas , Dickens James 
Published: April 2024

Multiple pulse charging modules were designed and tested for synchronous use in scaled experiments. The pulse chargers are each capable of charging a nanofarad-sized capacitive load to 100 kV in less than 10 µs. This is achieved by initially charging a microfarad-sized capacitor to a maximum of 3 kV, then, using a thyristor switch, discharging the capacitor into two transformers paralleled on the primary side. Each transformer steps the voltage up to 50 kV, with the transformer having opposing polarities and a common neutral on the secondary. Thus, the full 100 kV is obtained by placing the nanofarad-sized capacitor between the +50 and −50 kV terminals. The pulse chargers use a microcontroller to monitor and control the pulse charger in addition to communicating with the user as well as other pulse chargers. For increased battery life, each pulse charger is kept in a low-power state while not in use. Upon startup, the pulse chargers automatically detect the number of modules in the system, the position of itself in the system, and the timing delays associated with each pulse charger in the system. This information is essential for synchronous charging and provides individual information and controls for the pulse chargers.
Surface engineered nanodiamonds: mechanistic intervention in biomedical applications for diagnosis and treatment of cancer
Authors: Dey Tanima , Ghosh Anushikha , Sanyal Arka , Charles Chelsea Josephine , Pokharel Sahas , Nair Lakshmi , Singh Manjari , Kaity Santanu , Ravichandiran Velayutham , Kaur Kulwinder , Roy Subhadeep 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In terms of biomedical tools, nanodiamonds (ND) are a more recent innovation. Their size typically ranges between 4 to 100 nm. ND are produced via a variety of methods and are known for their physical toughness, durability, and chemical stability. Studies have revealed that surface modifications and functionalization have a significant influence on the optical and electrical properties of the nanomaterial. Consequently, surface functional groups of NDs have applications in a variety of domains, including drug administration, gene delivery, immunotherapy for cancer treatment, and bio-imaging to diagnose cancer. Additionally, their biocompatibility is a critical requisite for their in vivo and in vitro interventions. This review delves into these aspects and focuses on the recent advances in surface modification strategies of NDs for various biomedical applications surrounding cancer diagnosis and treatment. Furthermore, the prognosis of its clinical translation has also been discussed.
How to allocate mitigation efforts between home insulation, fuel switch and fuel decarbonization? Insights from the French residential sector
Authors: Escribe Célia , Vivier Lucas , Giraudet Louis-Gaëtan , Quirion Philippe 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Reducing greenhouse gas emissions in residential buildings relies on three channels that are rarely assessed together—insulating homes, switching to low-carbon heating systems and decarbonizing heating fuels. Their combination results from an interplay between top-down planning of the energy system and decentralized policies for the residential sector—insulation subsidies in particular. In this paper, we examine how the design of insulation subsidies influences the allocation of efforts between these three channels. To do so, we use an innovative framework coupling a highly detailed model of residential energy demand with a highly detailed model of the energy system, both focused on France. We find that the most cost-effective effort allocation to reach carbon neutrality implies 19% emission reductions from home insulation, 36% from fuel switch and 45% from fuel decarbonization. This however requires perfectly targeted subsidies. In three alternative, arguably more realistic subsidy scenarios, we find that total system cost is increased by 11%–16%. Our results highlight the key role played by subsidy specifications in determining the trade-off between insulation and fuel switch, e.g. insulation investments doubles, and heat pump adoption is 19% lower, when subsidies are restricted to the most comprehensive measures. Finally, alternative assumptions regarding the availability of renewable energy sources—biogas in particular—imply stronger energy efficiency efforts.
The
u(2|2)1
WZW model
Authors: Gaberdiel Matthias R , Mazzucchelli Elia 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
WZW models based on super Lie algebras play an important role for the description of string theory on AdS spaces. In particular, for the case of

AdS
3

×

S
3

with pure NS–NS flux the super Lie algebra of

psu

(
1
,
1

|

2

)
k

appears in the hybrid formalism, and higher dimensional AdS spaces can be described in terms of related supergroup cosets. In this paper we study the WZW models based on

u

(
2

|

2

)
1

and

psu

(
2

|

2

)
1

that may play a role for the worldsheet theory that is dual to free super Yang–Mills in 4D.
A 3D bioprinted hydrogel gut-on-chip with integrated electrodes for transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements
Authors: Vera Daniel , García-Díaz María , Torras Núria , Castillo Óscar , Illa Xavi , Villa Rosa , Alvarez Mar , Martinez Elena 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Conventional gut-on-chip (GOC) models typically represent the epithelial layer of the gut tissue, neglecting other important components such as the stromal compartment and the extracellular matrix (ECM) that play crucial roles in maintaining intestinal barrier integrity and function. These models often employ hard, flat porous membranes for cell culture, thus failing to recapitulate the soft environment and complex 3D architecture of the intestinal mucosa. Alternatively, hydrogels have been recently introduced in GOCs as ECM analogs to support the co-culture of intestinal cells in in vivo-like configurations, and thus opening new opportunities in the organ-on-chip field. In this work, we present an innovative GOC device that includes a 3D bioprinted hydrogel channel replicating the intestinal villi architecture containing both the epithelial and stromal compartments of the gut mucosa. The bioprinted hydrogels successfully support both the encapsulation of fibroblasts and their co-culture with intestinal epithelial cells under physiological flow conditions. Moreover, we successfully integrated electrodes into the microfluidic system to monitor the barrier formation in real time via transepithelial electrical resistance measurements.
Steering cell orientation through light-based spatiotemporal modulation of the mechanical environment
Authors: Jorba Ignasi , Gussenhoven Sil , van der Pol Atze , Groenen Bart GW , van Zon Maarten , Goumans Marie José , Kurniawan Nicholas A , Ristori Tommaso , Bouten Carlijn VC 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The anisotropic organization of cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) is essential for the physiological function of numerous biological tissues, including the myocardium. This organization changes gradually in space and time, during disease progression such as myocardial infarction. The role of mechanical stimuli has been demonstrated to be essential in obtaining, maintaining and de-railing this organization, but the underlying mechanisms are scarcely known. To enable the study of the mechanobiological mechanisms involved, in vitro techniques able to spatiotemporally control the multiscale tissue mechanical environment are thus necessary. Here, by using light-sensitive materials combined with light-illumination techniques, we fabricated 2D and 3D in vitro model systems exposing cells to multiscale, spatiotemporally resolved stiffness anisotropies. Specifically, spatial stiffness anisotropies spanning from micron-sized (cellular) to millimeter-sized (tissue) were achieved. Moreover, the light-sensitive materials allowed to introduce the stiffness anisotropies at defined timepoints (hours) after cell seeding, facilitating the study of their temporal effects on cell and tissue orientation. The systems were tested using cardiac fibroblasts (cFBs), which are known to be crucial for the remodeling of anisotropic cardiac tissue. We observed that 2D stiffness micropatterns induced cFBs anisotropic alignment, independent of the stimulus timing, but dependent on the micropattern spacing. cFBs exhibited organized alignment also in response to 3D stiffness macropatterns, dependent on the stimulus timing and temporally followed by (slower) ECM co-alignment. In conclusion, the developed model systems allow improved fundamental understanding of the underlying mechanobiological factors that steer cell and ECM orientation, such as stiffness guidance and boundary constraints.
How frequently is alcohol advertised on television in Canada?: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Pauzé Elise , Pinto Adena , Potvin Kent Monique 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Aims
Alcohol marketing is a commercial driver of alcohol use, including among youth. This study sought to quantify and characterize alcohol advertising on broadcast television in Canada.

Methods
Open-source television program logs for January to December 2018 submitted to the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission by 147 stations with alcohol advertisements were analyzed.

Results
Overall, 501 628 alcohol advertisements were broadcast. Four companies accounted for 83% of advertisements, namely, Anheuser-Busch in Bev (33.7%), Molson Coors (22.7%), Diageo (16.1%), and Arterra Wines Canada (10.8%). On conventional stations, advertising was highest on French-language stations [Median (Mdn) = 3224; interquartile range (IQR) = 2262] followed by those with programming in foreign/mixed languages (Mdn = 2679; IQR = 219) and English-language stations (Mdn = 1955; IQR = 1563). On speciality stations, advertising was most frequent on those primarily focused on sports programming (Mdn = 8036; IQR = 7393), movies and scripted shows (Mdn = 7463; IQR = 5937), and cooking (Mdn = 5498; IQR = 4032). On weekdays, 33% of alcohol ads aired from 6 to 9 a.m. and 3 to 9 p.m. and on weekends, 52% aired from 6 a.m. to 9 p.m. when children or adolescents are more likely to be watching television. On youth-oriented stations (n = 4), 7937 alcohol advertisements were broadcast with most airing from 9 p.m. to midnight (44–45%) or 12–6 a.m. (50%) on both weekdays and weekends.

Conclusions
While few alcohol advertisements were broadcast on youth-oriented stations, young people in Canada are likely exposed to such advertising on programming intended for older or general audiences (e.g. sports). More research is needed to ascertain the extent to which broadcast television constitutes a source of alcohol advertising exposure among youth and to inform policies aimed at protecting them from the influence of such exposure.
Autofluorescence-guided hemithyroidectomy in a low-volume thyroid institution with no experience in parathyroid surgery: randomized clinical trial
Authors: Abood Ali , Rolighed Lars , Ovesen Therese , Madsen Stine H , Vestergaard Peter , Triponez Frédéric 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Recent studies suggest that low-volume surgeons with no experience in parathyroid surgery are at increased risk of causing parathyroid gland damage during thyroid surgery. The aim of this RCT was to evaluate the impact of using autofluorescence in hemithyroidectomy on parathyroid gland identification and preservation in a low-volume institution with no experience in parathyroid surgery.

Methods
Patients referred for hemithyroidectomy were randomized 1 : 1 to either autofluorescence-guided hemithyroidectomy (the near-infrared autofluorescence group) or conventional hemithyroidectomy (the control group). The primary outcome was parathyroid gland identification rate. Secondary outcomes were the rate of parathyroid gland autotransplantation and the rate of inadvertent parathyroid gland excision.

Results
A total of 170 patients were randomized to either autofluorescence-guided hemithyroidectomy (84 patients) or conventional hemithyroidectomy (86 patients). In the near-infrared autofluorescence group, 81.0% of parathyroid glands were identified, compared with 57.0% in the control group (P &lt; 0.001). Autofluorescence enabled parathyroid gland visualization before the naked eye in 46.3% of cases. Surgeons had lower confidence in the parathyroid gland identification process in the control group than in the near-infrared autofluorescence group (59.1% versus 87.5% respectively; P &lt; 0.001). In the near-infrared autofluorescence group, the parathyroid gland autotransplantation rate was initially high, but declined over time. There was no difference in the rate of inadvertent parathyroid gland excision.

Conclusion
Autofluorescence guidance significantly improved the parathyroid gland identification rate in hemithyroidectomy in a low-volume institution with no experience in parathyroid surgery and provided an increase in surgical confidence. The pattern of parathyroid gland autotransplantation in autofluorescence-guided surgery indicates the presence of a learning curve.

Registration number
NCT05044351 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Predictors of cognition after glioma surgery: connectotomy, structure-function phenotype, plasticity
Authors: Herbet Guillaume , Duffau Hugues , Mandonnet Emmanuel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Determining preoperatively the maximal extent of resection that would preserve cognitive functions is the core challenge of brain tumour surgery. Over the past decade, the methodological framework to achieve this goal has been thoroughly renewed: the population-level topographically-focused voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping has been progressively overshadowed by machine learning (ML) algorithmics, in which the problem is framed as predicting cognitive outcomes in a patient-specific manner from a typically large set of variables. However, the choice of these predictors is of utmost importance, as they should be both informative and parsimonious.
In this perspective, we first introduce the concept of connectotomy: instead of parameterizing resection topography through the status (intact/resected) of a huge number of voxels (or parcels) paving the whole brain in the Cartesian 3D-space, the connectotomy models the resection in the connectivity space, by computing a handful number of networks disconnection indices, measuring how the structural connectivity sustaining each network of interest was hit by the resection. This connectivity-informed reduction of dimensionality is a necessary step for efficiently implementing ML tools, given the relatively small number of patient-examples in available training datasets.
We further argue that two other major sources of interindividual variability must be considered to improve the accuracy with which outcomes are predicted: the underlying structure-function phenotype and neuroplasticity, for which we provide an in-depth review and propose new ways of determining relevant predictors. We finally discuss the benefits of our approach for precision surgery of glioma.
Conditioning and pseudoconditioning differently change intrinsic excitability of inhibitory interneurons in the neocortex
Authors: Kanigowski Dominik , Urban-Ciecko Joanna 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Many studies indicate a broad role of various classes of GABAergic interneurons in the processes related to learning. However, little is known about how the learning process affects intrinsic excitability of specific classes of interneurons in the neocortex. To determine this, we employed a simple model of conditional learning in mice where vibrissae stimulation was used as a conditioned stimulus and a tail shock as an unconditioned one. In vitro whole-cell patch-clamp recordings showed an increase in intrinsic excitability of low-threshold spiking somatostatin-expressing interneurons (SST-INs) in layer 4 (L4) of the somatosensory (barrel) cortex after the conditioning paradigm. In contrast, pseudoconditioning reduced intrinsic excitability of SST-LTS, parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV-INs), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-expressing interneurons (VIP-INs) with accommodating pattern in L4 of the barrel cortex. In general, increased intrinsic excitability was accompanied by narrowing of action potentials (APs), whereas decreased intrinsic excitability coincided with AP broadening. Altogether, these results show that both conditioning and pseudoconditioning lead to plastic changes in intrinsic excitability of GABAergic interneurons in a cell-specific manner. In this way, changes in intrinsic excitability can be perceived as a common mechanism of learning-induced plasticity in the GABAergic system.
Clinical Predictors and Outcomes of Invasive Anal Cancer for People With HIV in an Inception Cohort
Authors: Cachay Edward R , Gilbert Tari , Qin Huifang , Mathews Wm Christopher 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Due to the heterogeneity of risk for invasive anal cancer (IAC) among people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH), we investigated predictors of IAC and described outcomes among those with a cancer diagnosis.

Methods
Using a longitudinal inception cohort of anal cancer screening, we evaluated risk factors and outcome probabilities for incident IAC in Cox models. Screening included anal cytology and digital anorectal examination, and, if results of either were abnormal, high-resolution anoscopy.

Results
Between 30 November 2006 and 3 March 2021, a total of 8139 PWH received care at the University of California, San Diego, with 4105 individuals undergoing screening and subsequently followed up over a median of 5.5 years. Anal cancer developed in 33 of them. IAC was more likely to develop in patients with anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (aHSILs) on initial or subsequent follow-up cytology (hazard ratio, 4.54) and a nadir CD4 cell count ≤200/µL (2.99). The joint effect of aHSILs and nadir CD4 cell count ≤200/µL amplified the hazard of IAC by 9-fold compared with the absence of both. PWH with time-updated cytology aHSIL and CD4 cell counts ≤200/µL had 5- and 10-year probabilities of IAC of 3.40% and 4.27%, respectively. Twelve individuals with cancer died, 7 (21% of the total 33) due to cancer progression, and they had clinical stage IIIA or higher cancer at initial diagnosis.

Conclusions
PWH with both aHSIL and a nadir CD4 cell count ≤200/µL have the highest risk of IAC. PWH who died due to IAC progression had clinical stage IIIA cancer or higher at diagnosis, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis through high-resolution anoscopic screening.