bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biosynthesis of Silver, Copper, and Their Bi-metallic Combination of Nanocomposites by Staphylococcus aureus: Their Antimicrobial, Anticancer Activity, and Cytotoxicity Effect
Authors: Sayed Mohsen A. , El-Rahman Tahany M. A. Abd , Abdelsalam H. K. , El-Souad Sayed M. S. Abo , Shady Rawan Muhammad , Amen Radwa Abdallnasser , Zaki Mostafa Ahmed , Mohsen Martina , Desouky Sara , Saeed Samar , Omar Seif , El-Bassuony Asmaa A. H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe present study outlines an easy, cheap, and environmentally friendly way to make Staphylococcus aureus-mediated bimetallic silver-copper nanocomposites (Ag/Cu) that can fight cancer and germs. The gram-positive S. aureus synthesized Ag, Cu, and their bi-metallic nanocomposites extracellularly. We aimed to prepare the bimetallic nanocomposite in two different ways, and we compared them in terms of characterization and biological applications. The first one is a bimetallic nanocomposite (Ag/Cub) that was made by mixing Ag and Cu metal ions in equal amounts (50:50). Then, the whole mixture was reduced. The second is the after-reduction bimetallic nanocomposite (Ag/Cua), in which each metal ion was reduced separately, and then the nanocomposites were mixed (50:50%) during biological applications. Nanocomposites were characterized using UV–visible spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. The results demonstrated that surface plasmon bands were at 320 nm for Ag NPs and 525 nm for Cu NPs, and a shift from these peaks was observed at 290 nm in the Ag/Cub bimetallic nanocomposite. The synthesized nanocomposites were confirmed to be in the nanoscale with 20, 40, and 80 nm spherical crystals, respectively. Nanocomposites were assayed for their antimicrobial activity against the gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the acid-fast Mycobacterium smegmatis, the gram-positive Bacillus cereus, and S. aureus, in addition to three fungal species, which were Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, and Candida albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined. The Ag/Cua/Cuaetallic nanocomposite was the most potent antimicrobial compound. The anticancer activity of the tested compounds was assayed against the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG-2). Low cytotoxic activity was recorded in most assayed nanocomposites against the baby hamster kidney cell line (BHK).
Ancient Solutions of Ricci Flow with Type I Curvature Growth
Authors: Lynch Stephen , Abrego Andoni Royo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAncient solutions of the Ricci flow arise naturally as models for singularity formation. There has been significant progress towards the classification of such solutions under natural geometric assumptions. Nonnegatively curved solutions in dimensions 2 and 3, and uniformly PIC solutions in higher dimensions are now well understood. We consider ancient solutions of arbitrary dimension which are complete and have Type I curvature growth. We show that a simply connected, noncompact,$$\kappa $$κ-noncollapsed Type I ancient solution with nonnegative sectional curvature necessarily splits a Euclidean factor. It follows that a$$\kappa $$κ-noncollapsed Type I ancient solution which is weakly PIC2 is a locally symmetric space.
A Recycled-Material-Based Electrochemical Eco-sensor for Sensitive Detection of Antischistosomal Drug Residues in Bovine-Derived Food Samples
Authors: Attia Khalid A. M. , Abbas Ahmed E. F. , El-Olemy Ahmed , Abdelshafi Nahla A. , Eid Sherif M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractVeterinary drug residues in food have emerged as an urgent threat to consumer safety. Herein, we present the first square wave voltammetric method for the trace-level detection of cinnarizine residues, a recently used antischistosomal drug, in bovine food samples. The method depends on the electrochemical oxidation after modification of the carbon paste sensor with recycled Al2O3-NPs functionalized multi-walled carbon nanoparticles. The produced sensor (Al2O3-NPs/ MWCNTs/CPE) was characterized using the transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometer, and X-ray diffractometer that confirm the successful incorporation of the Al2O3-NPs/MWCNTs composite into the modified electrode. As expected, the active surface area and electron transfer processes were accelerated by the modification, which was evidenced by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometric studies, scan rate studies, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Compared to previous techniques, this facile sensor demonstrated enhancements across critical analytical criteria including the detection limit of 0.17 nM, linear response across 5–100 nM (r2 = 0.998), accuracy ranging from 96.5 to 103.2%, precision below 0.81% relative standard deviation, reproducibility within 0.36% range, 20 s response time and applicability in spiked food matrices. In addition, five different greenness and whiteness tools quantified exceptional environmental friendliness, economic feasibility and waste reduction of 63%–93%, reaffirming alignment with sustainability paradigms. These advantages support practical adoption in quality control especially laboratories lacking expensive instrumentation. Overall, the ingenious sensor reconciles nanotechnology innovation with the circular economy ethos to tackle an urgent food safety challenge, guided holistically by sustainability metrics.
Role of Glucocorticoids in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
Authors: Polyzos Stergios A. , Targher Giovanni 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurpose of the ReviewTo summarize published data on the association between glucocorticoids and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), focusing on the possible pathophysiological links and related treatment considerations.Recent FindingsGlucocorticoids, commonly used for managing many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, may contribute to the development and progression of MASLD. Glucocorticoids may induce hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, thus increasing systemic and hepatic insulin resistance, a hallmark of MASLD pathogenesis. Furthermore, glucocorticoids increase adipose tissue lipolysis, and hepaticde novolipogenesis and decrease hepatic fatty acid β-oxidation, thus promoting MASLD development. Preclinical evidence also suggests that glucocorticoids may adversely affect hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) and 5α-reductase are implicated in the link between glucocorticoids and MASLD, the former enzyme increasing and the latter reducing the glucocorticoid action on the liver. Treatment considerations exist due to the pathogenic link between glucocorticoids and MASLD. Since iatrogenic hypercortisolism is common, glucocorticoids should be used at the minimum daily dose to control the subjective disease. Furthermore, the pharmacologic inhibition of 11β-HSD1 has provided favorable results in MASLD, both in preclinical studies and early MASH clinical trials.SummaryGlucocorticoids are closely linked to MASLD pathophysiology, with specific clinical and therapeutic implications.
Disaster Risk Assessment of Fluvial and Pluvial Flood Using the Google Earth Engine Platform: a Case Study for the Filyos River Basin
Authors: Akcin Hakan , Kose Ruveyda Tercan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study is to conduct a risk analysis of fluvial and pluvial flood disasters, focusing on the vulnerability of those residing in the river basin in coastal regions. However, there are numerous factors and indicators that need to be considered for this type of analysis. Swift and precise acquisition and evaluation of such data is an arduous task, necessitating significant public investment. Remote sensing offers unique data and information flow solutions in areas where access to information is restricted. The Google Earth Engine (GEE), a remote sensing platform, offers strong support to users and researchers in this context. A data-based and informative case study has been conducted to evaluate the disaster risk analysis capacity of the platform. Data on three factors and 17 indicators for assessing disaster risk were determined using coding techniques and web geographic information system (web GIS) applications. The study focused on the Filyos River basin in Turkey. Various satellite images and datasets were utilized to identify indicators, while land use was determined using classification studies employing machine learning algorithms on the GEE platform. Using various applications, we obtained information on ecological vulnerability, fluvial and pluvial flooding analyses, and the value of indicators related to construction and population density. Within the scope of the analysis, it has been determined that the disaster risk index (DRI) value for the basin is 4. This DRI value indicates that an unacceptable risk level exists for the 807,889 individuals residing in the basin.
EVOCA™, the first biofungicide developed by Biotalys’ AGROBODY Foundry™ platform
Authors: Boutton C. , Leybaert K. , Geerinck J. , Van Daele I. , Hanssens J. , Reyes C. , Maertens L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBiotalys’ first protein-based biofungicide, EVOCA™, is developed to help fruit and vegetable growers who are looking to protect their produce from fungal diseases such as Botrytis and powdery mildew. Developed with the AGROBODY Foundry™ platform, and thanks to a new and unique mode of action (new FRAC code: Group 51 under F10), this innovative product provides a new rotation partner in integrated pest management programs that both protect against resistance and reduce dependency on chemical pesticides and environmental impact.
Sarcopenia is linked to higher levels of B-type natriuretic peptide and its N-terminal fragment in heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Prokopidis Konstantinos , Morwani-Mangnani Jordi , McDowell Garry , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Venturelli Massimo , Sankaranarayanan Rajiv , Isanejad Masoud 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aims
Sarcopenia is linked to impaired physical function and exercise tolerance. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the association of sarcopenia and low appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM) with biomarkers of cardiac function, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and its N-terminal fragment (NT-proBNP), in patients with heart failure (HF).

Methods and results
From inception until May 2023, a systematic literature search of observational studies was undertaken utilizing the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases. A meta-analysis employing a random-effects model was used to compute the pooled effects (CRD42023418465). Overall, 16 studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Our main analysis showed that sarcopenia in HF was linked to significantly higher levels of BNP (MD: 87.76, 95% CI 20.74–154.78, I2 = 61%, P = 0.01) and NT-proBNP (MD: 947.45, 95% CI 98.97–1795.93, I2 = 35%, P = 0.03). Similarly, low ASM was associated with significantly higher levels of BNP (MD: 118.95, 95% CI 46.91–191.00, I2 = 93%, P < 0.01) and NT-proBNP (MD: 672.01, 95% CI 383.72–960.30, I2 = 2%, P < 0.01). The quality of the included cohort studies was considered moderate, using the binary AXIS checklist and the Cochrane Tool to Assess the Risk of Bias in Cohort Studies.

Conclusions
In patients with HF, sarcopenia and reduced ASM are associated with considerably higher plasma levels of BNP and NT-proBNP. Future research is required to investigate whether sarcopenia may express dysregulated biomarkers of cardiac function.

Graphical abstract
An application of stability charts to prediction of buckling instability in tapered columns via Galerkin’s method
Authors: El-Borhamy Mohamed , Dabaon Mohamed A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis work tackles the mathematical modeling of buckling problem to obtain their critical loads in tapered columns subjected to concentrated and axial distributed loads. The governing model is a general eigenvalue problem that has no exact solution due to some new terms included. A semi-analytical technique satisfying the boundary conditions is proposed for the solution procedure. The minimum residual Galerkin’s method is suggested due to its effectiveness as a semi-analytical tool for the buckling problem to obtain the buckling shape modes by using admissible periodic functions. The study investigates the buckling instability and the responses of tapered columns with different periodic trial shape functions as approximations to the exact solutions. Based on the eigenvalue problem, Galerkin’s method is employed to obtain the transition curves to represent the critical loads. The stability charts (Ince–Strutt diagrams) among the parameters of the problem are proposed to explain the elastic stability of different tapered columns subjected to different shapes of cross sections and distributed weights. Consequently, the influences of the included parameters on the critical buckling loads are discussed. Among the different tapered columns presented, some parameters in the proposed distributions have a big influence on the critical buckling load and the creation of the instability regions in the chart for the clamped-clamped boundary conditions. The results are verified using the analytical solutions for some specific known problems.
High stability of AnchoisOil extracted with limonene from anchovy fillet leftovers
Authors: Angellotti Giuseppe , Pizzone Daniela Maria , Pagliaro Mario , Avellone Giuseppe , Lino Claudia , Mauriello Francesco , Ciriminna Rosaria 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo investigate the vitamin content in an AnchoisOil sample stored at − 20 °C under N2 for more than four years, we have developed a new HPLC method for simultaneous identification and quantification of vitamins in anchovy fish oil that is efficient and applicable in practice. Coupled to full retention of the original visual appearance (orange color and transparency), the relatively high concentrations of lipid-soluble vitamin Q (coenzyme Q10) and vitamin A (retinol) in AnchoisOil extracted with d-limonene from European anchovy fillet leftovers more than four years after extraction point to remarkable chemical stability of this marine oil. These findings further support the practical use of the “LimoFish” process to extract valued fish oil from the leftovers of the world’s most caught fish species.
Graphical Abstract
Steroid-induced mania in a patient with previously well-controlled organic bipolar 1-like affective disorder secondary to acquired brain injury: case report and literature review
Authors: King Jacob D. , Elliott Thomas , Pitman Alexandra 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSteroid-induced neuropsychiatric sequelae are common, and pose significant risks to people usually receiving glucocorticoids in the context of physical illness. Steroid-induced mania and hypomania are the most common of the acute complications, yet despite great progress in understandings in neurophysiology there are no recent studies which review the factors which might predict who will experience this severe complication, nor are there consensus guidelines on management. We report the unusual case of a woman in her 50s admitted to a psychiatric unit with steroid-induced mania despite compliance with two mood stabilisers, several days after the administration of a Dexamethasone and Docetaxel chemotherapy regime adjunctive to lumpectomy for breast cancer. She had previously been diagnosed with an organic affective disorder (with classical bipolar 1 pattern) following severe ventriculitis related to ventricular drain insertion for obstructive hydrocephalus secondary to a colloid cyst. She had no psychiatric illness before this brain injury, but has a maternal history of idiopathic bipolar 1 affective disorder. Her episode of steroid-induced mania resolved following use of sedative medications, continuation of her existing mood stabilisers, and reductions of the steroid dosing in collaboration with her oncology team, which also protected her from further manic relapses during continued chemotherapy. Established mental illness, a family history, and acquired brain injury may reflect risk factors for steroid-induced mania through currently unclear pathways. Future epidemiological studies could better confirm these observations, and basic neuroscience may look to further explore the role of extrinsic glucocorticoids in the pathophysiology of affective disorders.
Superconducting tunnel junctions with layered superconductors
Authors: Bi Xiangyu , Chen Ganyu , Li Zeya , Yuan Hongtao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe superconducting tunneling effect in heterostructures, describing the process where single electrons or Cooper pairs tunnel through the barrier, can always play a significant role in understanding the phase coherence and pairing mechanisms in superconductors. Taking advantage of the easy cleavage to atomically-thin monolayer structure of layered superconductors and resulting quantum confinement of electrons or Cooper pairs at two-dimensional limit, van der Waals superconducting materials hosting superconducting order in monolayers or heterostructures can exhibit extensive emergent phenomena associated with quantum phase transitions of vortex and anti-vortex pairs. Examples of superconducting tunnel junctions (STJs) based on layered superconductors have been demonstrated to achieve novel phenomena, including Andreev bound states, Majorana bound states and 0/π-phase junctions. Since the characteristic parameters of quasiparticle tunneling through the barrier are directly associated with the energy gap values of superconductors, such critical parameter can be obtained within the STJ device geometry, which helps us understand and control the pairing states and emerging phenomena in superconductors. In this review, from the perspective of STJs with single electron tunneling and Cooper pair tunneling, we discuss Andreev reflection, Majorana bound states, photon-induced tunneling effects, non-reciprocal transport and superconducting diode phenomena, as well as prospects for layered-superconductor-based STJs.
Decay or Erosion? The Role of Informal Institutions in Challenges Faced by Democratic Judiciaries
Authors: Šipulová Katarína , Kosař David 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDe-democratization may take the form of executive-led attacks as well as incremental decrepitude, gradual emptying of underlying constitutional values, and state inertia. Contrary to general wisdom, both exogenous erosion and endogenous decay are heavily affected by informality. As courts are often the first institutions affected by de-democratization, this Article analyzes informality in erosion and decay of judicial institutions. It argues that such institutions interact with democracy in two core directions. The first one is endogenous and describes the decay of democratic judiciaries as a result of a long-term incongruence between formal and informal judicial institutions. The second direction captures the gradual erosion of informal institutions that have positive effects on judicial democratic resilience. These two processes, decay and erosion of informal judicial institutions, should not be overlooked. While they are less visible, slower, and often unintentional, they are as dangerous as frontal executive-led attacks on courts, because they significantly increase the window of opportunity for politicians who wish to downgrade the substance of democracy or even implement a regime change.
Brightness enhancement on random-distributed-feedback Raman fiber lasers pumped by multimode diodes
Authors: Hao Xiulu , Fan Chenchen , Li Yang , Pan Zhiyong , Leng Jinyong , Yao Tianfu , Lei Bing , Zhou Pu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The power scaling on short wavelength (SW) fiber lasers operating around 1 μm are in significant demand for applications in energy, environment and industry. The challenge for performance scalability of high-power SW lasers based on rare-earth-doped fiber primarily lies in the physical limitations, including reabsorption, amplified spontaneous emission and parasitic laser oscillation. Here, we demonstrate an all-fiberized, purely passive SW (1018 nm) random-distributed-feedback Raman fiber laser (RRFL) to validate the capability of achieving high-power output at SWs based on multimode laser diodes (LDs) direct pumping. Directly pumped by multimode LDs, the high-brightness RRFL delivers over 656 W, with an electro-optical efficiency of 20% relative to the power. The slope efficiency is 94%. The beam quality M2 factor is 2.9 (which is ~20 times that of the pump) at the maximum output signal power, achieving the highest brightness enhancement of 14.9 in RRFLs. To the best of our knowledge, this achievement also represents the highest power record of RRFLs utilizing multimode diodes for direct pumping. This work may not only provide a new insight into the realization of high-power, high-brightness RRFLs but also is a promising contender in the power scaling of SWs below 1 μm.
A NOTE ON JUDICIOUS BISECTIONS OF GRAPHS
Authors: WU SHUFEI , XIONG XIAOBEI 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLet G be a graph with m edges, minimum degree
$\delta $
and containing no cycle of length 4. Answering a question of Bollobás and Scott, Fan et al. [‘Bisections of graphs without short cycles’, Combinatorics, Probability and Computing27(1) (2018), 44–59] showed that if (i) G is
$2$
-connected, or (ii)
$\delta \ge 3$
, or (iii)
$\delta \ge 2$
and the girth of G is at least 5, then G admits a bisection such that
$\max \{e(V_1),e(V_2)\}\le (1/4+o(1))m$
, where
$e(V_i)$
denotes the number of edges of G with both ends in
$V_i$
. Let
$s\ge 2$
be an integer. In this note, we prove that if
$\delta \ge 2s-1$
and G contains no
$K_{2,s}$
as a subgraph, then G admits a bisection such that
$\max \{e(V_1),e(V_2)\}\le (1/4+o(1))m$
.
ON SOME CONGRUENCES INVOLVING CENTRAL BINOMIAL COEFFICIENTS
Authors: MAO GUO-SHUAI 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe prove the following conjecture of Z.-W. Sun [‘On congruences related to central binomial coefficients’, J. Number Theory13(11) (2011), 2219–2238]. Let p be an odd prime. Then
$$ \begin{align*} \sum_{k=1}^{p-1}\frac{\binom{2k}k}{k2^k}\equiv-\frac12H_{{(p-1)}/2}+\frac7{16}p^2B_{p-3}\pmod{p^3}, \end{align*} $$
where
$H_n$
is the nth harmonic number and
$B_n$
is the nth Bernoulli number. In addition, we evaluate
$\sum _{k=0}^{p-1}(ak+b)\binom {2k}k/2^k$
modulo
$p^3$
for any p-adic integers
$a, b$
.
ON THE SET OF KRONECKER NUMBERS
Authors: GOSWAMI SAYAN , HUANG WEN , WU XIAOSHENG 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA positive even number is said to be a Maillet number if it can be written as the difference between two primes, and a Kronecker number if it can be written in infinitely many ways as the difference between two primes. It is believed that all even numbers are Kronecker numbers. We study the division and multiplication of Kronecker numbers and show that these numbers are rather abundant. We prove that there is a computable constant k and a set D consisting of at most 720 computable Maillet numbers such that, for any integer n,
$kn$
can be expressed as a product of a Kronecker number and a Maillet number in D. We also prove that every positive rational number can be written as a ratio of two Kronecker numbers.