bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytometric validation of immunocytochemical observations in developing lung cancer
Authors: Tockman Melvyn S. , Gupta Prabodh K. , Pressman Norman J. , Mulshine James L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractVideo‐enhanced optical microscopy objectively confirms that immunocytochemical biomarker supplementation of routine cytology permits separation of (1) “pre”‐cancer epithelial cells from JHLP screened individuals who subsequently developed lung cancer from (2) similarly atypical epithelial cells from JHLP participants who did not. The establishment of a bank of sputum cytology specimens along with a data respository of 5‐yr follow‐up and clinical outcome had permitted banked specimens to be immunostained and scored against a gold standard of subsequent histologic lung cancer. A highly skilled cytopathologist, interpreting immunostained screening sputum specimens and blinded to the clinical outcome, originally was able to correctly predict clinical outcome with 88.7% accuracy compared to this “gold standard” (Tockman et al. J Clin Oncol 1988;6:1685‐1693). This study presents an independent confirmation of that earlier immunocytochemical classification through feature extraction of digitally recorded, transmission optical microscope video images of immunostained, moderately atypical sputum cells from the original slides.
Cytology of malignant melanoma of soft parts: Fine‐needle aspirates and exfoliative specimens
Authors: Caraway Nancy P. , Fanning Christine V. , Wojcik Eva M. , Staerkel Gregg A. , Benjamin Robert S. , Ordóñez Nelson G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe the morphologic features of 25 cytology specimens (13 fine‐needle aspirates and 12 exfoliative specimens) obtained from nine patients with malignant melanoma of soft parts (MMSP). Analysis of the fine‐needle aspirates and exfoliative specimens revealed primarily a dispersed cell population with occasional cell clustering. Tumor cells were round to polygonal with moderately abundant cytoplasm and had round nuclei with prominent nucleoli. In two cases, an initial definitive diagnosis of MMSP was rendered on material obtained by fine‐needle aspiration with the aid of immunocytochemical and ultrastructural studies.
Diagnosis of pulmonary toxoplasmosis by bronchoalveolar lavage in cardiac transplant recipients
Authors: Gordon Steven M. , Gal Anthony A. , Hertzler Gary L. , Bryan John A. , Perlino Carl , Kanter Kirk R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report two cases of fatal, clinically unsuspected disseminated toxoplasmosis that developed following orthotopic cardiac transplantation. Toxoplasma gondii trophozoites, pseudocysts, and cysts were best visualized on hematoxylin and eosin and Giemsastained cytospin preparations of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Post‐mortem examination in both cases revealed disseminated toxoplasmosis with extensive involvement of the lungs and heart. The patients, who were seronegative for antibody to T. gondii prior to transplantation, received organs from donors whose serology status was unknown. Demonstration of anti‐toxoplasma antibodies post‐transplantation occurred in both cases. Bronchoalveolar lavage may be useful in diagnosis of pulmonary toxoplasmosis. Clinicians, pathologists, and cytopathologists must consider T. gondii in the differential diagnosis of pneumonia in the immunocompromised patient, especially cardiac transplant patients.
Benign and malignant neoplasms of myoepithelial cells: Cytologic findings
Authors: Torlakovic Emina , Ames Elizabeth D. , Manivel J. Carlos , Stanley Michael W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report two myoepithelial cell neoplasms; a salivary gland tumor was malignant and a breast neoplasm was benign. Both were studied histologically, immunohistochemically, cytologically, and ultrastructurally. The malignant myoepithelioma recurred twice and metastasized to one regional lymph node. This tumor was infiltrative with areas of necrosis and hemorrhage. It was composed of malignant‐appearing spindle and plasmacytoid cells. Both types of cells were immunoreactive to muscle specific actin, S‐100 protein, cytokeratin, vimentin, and neuron‐specific enolase. Ultrastructurally, features of myoepithelial cells were seen. Fine‐needle aspirate smears showed spindle and plasmacytoid cells, numerous mitoses, and malignant‐appearing nuclei.Spindle‐cell adenomyoepithelioma of the breast, a small well‐circumscribed firm nodule, featured multiple lobules of spindle cells associated with clear‐cell glands at the tabular periphery. Histologically and cytologically, the lesion was cellular but appeared benign. The differential diagnosis of myoepithelial neoplasms is discussed.
Imprint cytology of low‐grade B‐cell lymphoma of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue arising in the thymus: A case report
Authors: Nakamura Shigeo , Koshikawa Takashi , Kaba Sadayuki , Tokoro Yoshiro , Suchi Taizan , Kurita Soji 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLow‐grade B‐cell lymphoma of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) arising in the thymus is a very rare tumor with characteristic morphologic features. We describe a case of thymic low‐grade B‐cell MALT lymphoma occuring in a 59‐yr‐old woman with Sjögren's syndrome, in whom the definite diagnosis was difficult at the time of surgery. An immunohistologic and genotypic study, however, was diagnostic of lymphoma. A review of cytologic material was undertaken, and it was felt that the cytologic features in Giemsa‐stained preparations in imprint smears were present that initially should have enabled the correct cytodiagnosis and distinction from the other thymic lesions. The findings presented in this study were considered to contribute to the cytodiagnosis of a thymic lesion, which might, in the past, have been erroneously interpreted as another lymphoproliferative disorder.
Leishmania lymphadenitis diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy
Authors: Tallada Natàlia , Raventós Antoni , Martinez Salomé , Compañó Carme , Almirante Benito 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of Leishmania lymphadenitis which presented clinically as an isolated left laterocervical lymph node is described. Diagnosis was made by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), as in other cases previously reported. The material obtained yielded abundant histiocytes, multinucleated giant cells, and epithelioid micro‐granulomas with Leishman‐Donovan pathognomic bodies in the cytoplasm of cells, together with free forms of the parasite. This paper comments on the main differential diagnoses to be considered in our region when faced with granulomatous adenitis and the role of FNAB in the identification of this parasite in endemic areas.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of diabetic fibrous mastopathy
Authors: Rollins Susan D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDiabetic fibrous mastopathy, also known as lymphocytic mastitis, is an uncommon lesion of the breast that occurs in women with long‐standing insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). To my knowledge, the fine‐needle aspiration findings of a histologically confirmed case of diabetic fibrous mastopathy have not been previously described and illustrated in the cytology literature.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of the male breast in a cancer center
Authors: Sneige Nour , Holder Pamela D. , Katz Ruth L. , Fanning Christina V. , Dekmezian Roupen H. , Shabb Nina S. , Singletary S. Eva 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAll fine‐needle aspirates (FNA) performed on the male breast at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center from 1985 to 1992 were reviewed, totaling 64. The patients' ages ranged from 19 to 86 years, with a mean of 56 years. Thirty‐three patients had a history of an extramammary malignancy. The diagnoses established by FNA were gynecomastia (45), mammary carcinomas (6), neoplasms metastatic to the breast (5), suspicious for carcinoma (1), intra‐mammary lymph node (1), and lipoma (1). In five cases the aspirates were nondiagnostic. Two of these proved to be gynecomastia on subsequent histologic examination. Of the six FNA cases initially thought to represent primary breast carcinomas, two were found to be secondary because of involvement of the underlying chest wall by mesothelioma (1), and mucinous adenocarcinoma, unknown primary (1). No false‐positive diagnosis was rendered. We conclude that fine‐needle aspiration of the male breast is a reliable means of assessment; however, unique problems may be encountered compared with aspiration of the female breast. These include the epithelial hyperplasia frequently associated with gynecomastia, the relatively equal frequency of primary and metastatic breast lesions when a malignant process is discovered, and chest wall lesions masquerading as breast lesions.
Malacoplakia and rosai‐dorfman disease: Two entities of histiocytic origin infrequently localized in the female breast—the cytologic aspect in aspirates obtained via fine‐needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Pérez‐Guillermo M. , Sola‐Pérez J. , Rodríguez‐Bermejo M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe one case of Rosai‐Dorfman disease (RDD) localized in the breast and one case of breast malacoplakia (MPK) both diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). In RDD the cytologic features were lymphocytophagocytosis, large histiocytes with slight nuclear atypia, and lymphohistiocytic aggregates in a polymorphous background which included frequent plasma cells. In MPK the key diagnostic feature was the presence of Michaelis‐Gutmann bodies (M‐G bodies), in various stages of evolution, intermingled with vacuolized medium‐sized histiocytes, other inflammatory cells, and debris. Pap staining is the technique of choice to show lymphocytophagocytosis and M‐G bodies and there is no need to resort to special staining methods.RDD and MPK share a common cytologic background: the presence of numerous benign reactive histiocytes, either engulfing apparently intact lymphocytes, or phagocytizing M‐G bodies. The cytologic findings seen in both cases suggest that the presence of histiocytes in a breast aspirate is far from being nonspecific and can represent an important lead to disparate diseases such as RDD and MPK.
Low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions: Cytologic predictors of biopsy Confirmation
Authors: Hall Scott , Wu T. C. , Soudi Naél , Sherman Mark E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred and seven smears demonstrating a low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) were analyzed for features predicting subsequent biopsy confirmation. Twelve (29%) of 41 smears showing few LSIL cells were biopsy confirmed compared to 33 (60%) of 55 containing an intermediate number of LSIL cells and 9 (82%) of 11 displaying many LSIL cells (P < 0.002). Thirty‐seven (47%) of 78 smears showing mainly condylomatous atypia (CA), 7 (54%) of 13 revealing predominantly cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1 (CIN 1), and 10 (63%) of 16 displaying both CA and CIN 1 were histologically confirmed (N.S.). Biopsy confirmation was obtained in 35 (65%) of 54 women whose repeat smears obtained at colposcopy demonstrated SIL compared to four (15%) of 26 patients whose repeat smears were normal or contained atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (P < 0.001). These results suggest that the number of diagnostic cells in an LSIL smear predicts biopsy confirmation and affirm the validity of combining CA and CIN 1 under the category of LSIL in the Bethesda System. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of metastatic basal cell carcinoma of the skin to the lung
Authors: Haddad Michel G. , Silverman Jan F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMetastatic basal cell carcinomas of the skin are rare. We present the cytologic features of a metastatic basal cell carcinoma to the lung diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy. Cytologic examination revealed syncytial groups of relatively small cells with hyperchromatic, oval to spindle‐shaped nuclei having high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratios. Immunocytochemical studies performed on the cell block sections revealed the malignant cells to be positive for cytokeratin (AE1/3) and negative for neuroendocrine markers, [neuron specific enolase (NSE) and chromogranin (Phe‐5)]. We reviewed the literature related to metastatic basal cell carcinoma of the skin and discuss risk factors and mechanisms of metastatic spread. In addition, a discussion of the other entities that can enter into the differential diagnosis is presented along with the role of ancillary studies. To the best of our knowledge, we believe this is the first case report of the fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of a basal cell carcinoma metastatic to the lung. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytologic features of papillary‐cystic variant of acinic‐cell adenocarcinoma: A case report
Authors: Sauer Torill , Jebsen Peter Wilhelm , Olsholt Reidar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of papillary‐cystic variant of acinic‐cell adenocarcinoma is described. The cytologic findings differed significantly from the classic features of this tumor with smears showing large monolayer sheets and small papillary groups, no acinic structures or naked tumor cell nuclei, sparse cell dissociation and many vacuolated cells. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytologic study of renal angiomyolipoma by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy: Report of four cases
Authors: Tallada N. , Martinez S. , Raventos A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFour cases of renal angiomyolipoma (AML) diagnosed by fineneedle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) are reported. One case was associated with the clinical complex of tuberous sclerosis. The tumors were solitary in two cases and multiple and bilateral in the fourth. The cytologic features of the four cases were similar to those described in the literature: smooth muscle cells intermingled with mature fat cells and blood vessels, together with a lipoidic background. These tumors are currently considered benign although they may present characteristics accepted as criteria of malignancy in other tumors: pleomorphism and atypical smooth muscle cells, vascular invasion, capsular rupture, and lymphatic involvement. We conclude that it is important and possible to establish preoperative cytologic diagnosis, since treatment of these tumors is conservative and obviates aggressive nephrectomy. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of myositis ossificans: A case report
Authors: de Almeida Margarida Mendes , Abecassis Nuno , Almeida M. Odette , Mendonça M. Evelina 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis report describes the cytological findings of a case of myositis ossificans in a 16‐yr‐old girl. Clinically and radiologically she was suspected to have a malignant soft tissue tumor. This was not confirmed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology and a diagnosis of benign lesion, probably myositis, was given. This diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Malignant rhabdoid tumor of the uterus: Report of a case with findings in a cervical smear
Authors: Niemann Theodore H. , Goetz Steven P. , Benda Jo Ann , Cohen Michael B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRhabdoid tumors are an uncommon group of neoplasms which share a distinctive morphology. We report the cytologic and histologic findings of a uterine rhabdoid tumor. The presence of rhabdoid cells on a cervical Papanicolaou (Pap) smear raises an intriguing differential diagnosis. Cytologists should be aware of this entity and consider rhabdoid tumor in the differential diagnosis when single malignant cells are noted on cervical Pap smear. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparative assessment of DNA analysis in effusions by lmage analysis and flow cytometry
Authors: Banks Evelyn R. , Jennings C. Darrell , Jacobs Susan , Davey Diane D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytologic evaluation of body cavity fluids is useful to detect malignancy within the pleural and peritoneal spaces. A definitive diagnosis cannot always be made on cytologic evaluation alone. As malignant processes may show abnormal DNA content, DNA analysis of effusions may be useful. Therefore, we determined the DNA content of 37 effusions by flow cytometry (FC) and image analysis (IA) using the CAS 200. Of the 37 fluids evaluated, 18 were cytologically malignant, 15 benign, and four atypical. Overall, 22 fluids (60%) showed concordance between FC and IA. None of the benign fluids were aneuploid. All showed diploid histograms or diploidy with increased proliferating cells. Three of four atypical fluids had increased proliferating cells by either FC or IA, whereas one was diploid by both methods. Aneuploidy was detected in 13 malignant fluids: five were aneuploid by both methods and eight by only one method. IA identified aneuploidy in five of those eight cases, while three were identified by FC. Three of the cytologically malignant fluids were diploid by both methods, and two showed increased proliferating cells by IA and diploidy by FC. The specificity of both methods was 100%. However, the sensitivity of identifying a malignant fluid by aneuploidy is low, 44% for FC and 55% for IA. IA appears to identify small aneuploid populations more frequently than FC. The detection of aneuploidy in effusions is highly suggestive of malignancy, and the combination of both techniques gives the highest detection rate (72%). However, neither are as sensitive as traditional cytologic evaluation with the occasional use of additional histochemical stains. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dithiothreitol homogenization of prefixed sputum for lung cancer detection
Authors: Tang Cang‐Sing , Tang Cecilia M. C. , Kung Ignatius T. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe technique of chemical homogenization of sputum for cancer detection was revisited. The mucolytic agent dithiothreitol (DTT) had been used by the authors on fresh specimens. In this study, its effectiveness in homogenizing prefixed sputum was investigated. Fifty‐seven positive samples were examined: 28 were prefixed with 2% carbowax in 60% ethanol and 29 in 3% carbowax in 60% ethanol. Each specimen was divided equally into three parts and homogenized immediately, 3 and 7 days later, respectively, with 0.2% (0.013 mol/L) DTT in the respective prefixative. Five samples were prefixed for 4 wk before homogenization. The homogenization time varied from 30 min to 48 hr. The cellular morphology was compared to directly smeared controls from the same samples. It was found that the cellular morphology was well preserved and best with the 3% carbowax in 60% ethanol. The specimen could be prefixed for up to 4 wk before homogenization and the homogenization process could last from 30 min to 48 hr without any damaging effect on morphology. Furthermore, screening was made easy with the mucus lysed and its obscuring effect removed and the cells concentrated and evenly distributed. The method was versatile and could be of value in enhancing the dettection rate of cancer in sputum. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Methodological aspects of the immunostaining of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in cytospin preparations of MCF‐7 cell line
Authors: Pelosi Giuseppe , Bresaola Enrica , Menacherry Mary J. , Manfrin Erminia , Lannucci Antonio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytospins of a human breast cancer cell line (MCF‐7) were studied for the expression of PCNA, a cell cycle‐related protein, using a variety of fixation and immunostaining procedures. The best fixative for PCNA was found to be buffered formaldehyde solution at 4°C followed by methanol at 20°C, whereas alcoholic fixatives decreased greatly the PCNA immunoreactivity. Air‐drying procedures of cytospins prior to and after fixation greatly undermined the PCNA immunostaining. A modified immunoperoxidase method provided a stronger staining of the PCNA‐reactive cells than the alkaline phosphatase anti‐alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) technique. PCNA immunoreactivity could be maintained up to 2 mo, putting slides in methanol at − 2°C. In conclusion, our report indicates that PCNA is a labile antigen, which may critically be affected by temperature and air‐drying procedures. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transvaginal sonographic characterization combined with cytologic evaluation in the diagnosis of ovarian and adnexal cysts
Authors: Yee Herman , Greenebaum Ellen , Lerner Jodi , Heller Debra , Timor‐Tritsch Ilan E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA transvaginal sonographic (TVS) scoring system using morphologic features has been developed at our institution to maximize discrimination between benign and malignant ovarian and adnexal cysts. Low (4–7) or intermediate (8–9) scores have been found to correlate with benignity, hence TVS‐guided or laparo‐scopically directed needle aspiration of low‐scoring lesions may safely be performed. High‐scoring lesions (10–14) are often malignant, therefore in situ needle aspiration of such lesions is not recommended. The aim of our study was to correlate the results of TVS characterization of ovarian and adnexal cysts with the aspiration cytologic evaluation.Twenty‐three of the 43 cysts studied were aspirated in situ from the patient; 20 were aspirated from resected surgical specimens. Thirty‐six benign cysts had TVS scores ranging from 4 to 12, with a median score of 7. All 25 cysts that were benign by TVS and/or histology were also cytologically benign as well as an additional 11 cysts that were not resected (TVS scores: 4 to 9). Seven cytologically and histologically malignant cysts had high TVS scores (TVS scores 10–14; median = 12).The combination of TVS and needle aspiration cytology is valuable, particularly in the diagnosis of cysts having low or intermediate TVS scores and benign cytology. Aspiration of cysts or masses with high TVS scores is not recommended. This combined evaluation may allow a more limited surgical approach, such as operative laparoscopy, or, in some cases, obviate the need for operative treatment altogether. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Correlation of two AgNOR counts with Ki‐67 labeling index: A study in fine‐needle aspirates of lymphoproliferative disorders and breast carcinoma
Authors: Mourad Walid A. , Sneige Nour , Katz Ruth L. , Ordóñez Nelson G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe Ki‐67 antibody binds to nonresting cells where Ki‐67 labeling index (KLI) reflects proliferative activity (PA). The argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) counts have been correlated to ploidy and/or PA. Two AgNOR counting methods distinguish ploidy from PA. The first count is the mean AgNOR count (mAgNOR) which correlates with ploidy. The second is the percentage of nuclei with ≥ 5 AgNORs/nucleus (pAgNOR) which reflects PA. To explore this relationship, we separately stained smears of 20 fine‐needle aspirates (FNAs) of lymphoproliferative disorders (n = 12) and breast carcinomas (n = 8) for AgNOR and Ki‐67. We also double‐stained 10 of the smears for both AgNOR and Ki‐67. The correlation of pAgNOR counts and KLI was statistically significant (P < 0.0001) whereas it was not between mAgNOR and KLI (P = 0.13). Additionally, using the double stain, the Ki‐67 negative cells had an AgNOR granule range of 1‐3/ nucleus with a mean of 1.33 (± 1.86 SD). The Ki‐67 positive cells showed an AgNOR granule range of 2‐12/nucleus with a mean of 4.15 (± 1.02 SD) (P < 0.0002). We thus conclude that pAgNOR is a more reliable indicator of PA than mAgNOR and that four AgNORs/nucleus is an acceptable number differentiating proliferating from resting cells. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.