bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of Women-led Political Parties in Lesotho’s 2022 National Elections
Authors: Rabele Litlhare 
Published: March 2024

Since the dawn of multi-party democracy in Lesotho in 1993, few political parties have been formed and led by women, and they are not doing well. The main political parties lack the political will and commitment to nominate women as leaders. In the elections of 7 October 2022, none of the main political parties were led by women and none of them won a single constituency. While many women-led parties could not make it into parliament, a few women leaders got into parliament through Proportional Representation (PR). Four women-led political parties contested the election, all of them performing dismally. It is important to explore why women-led political parties did not perform well, as Lesotho has signed and ratified international protocols on women’s empowerment and equality in politics, among others, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), United Nations Security Council (UNSC) resolution 1325, the African Union (AU) Maputo Protocol, and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) protocol on gender and development. All these urge member states to ensure meaningful participation of women in politics and elections, specifically as leaders. We assess the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 5) on gender equality and women empowerment to measure the progress Lesotho has made and the challenges yet to be addressed. This article explores factors that contributed to this poor performance and analyses the reasons for the poor performance by reviewing relevant documents regarding the performance of women-led political parties in Lesotho’s 2022 national elections.
ESTUDO DO EFEITO ANSIOLÍTICO DO Coriandrum sativum L. NO LABIRINTO EM CRUZ ELEVADO POR GAVAGEM
Authors: Otto Barrientos Marcia , De Moura Rocha Laura , Almeida Mendes Felipe , Da Silva Lima Wilhiane 
Published: March 2024

A ansiedade é uma vivência comum e se torna patológica ao ser uma resposta inadequada em virtude da intensidade e duração. Para controlá-la no Brasil, os remédios ansiolíticos mais usados são os benzodiazepínicos, porém trazem efeitos indesejados, logo, torna-se importante pesquisas que evidenciem outros tratamentos. O Coriandrum sativum L. tem sido recomendado para o alívio da ansiedade e insônia na medicina popular iraniana. O objetivo deste estudo é examinar se o extrato aquoso da semente do Coriandrum sativum L. terá efeito ansiolítico em camundongos por gavagem. A metodologia do teste foi conforme o modelo experimental qualitativo e quantitativo, utilizando 29 camundongos Swiss em dois grupos, sendo o controle (n = 14) tratado com solução salina 0,9% e o teste (n = 15) tratado com solução aquosa do Coriandrum sativum L., 200 mg/kg. As soluções foram administradas via oral por gavagem em todos os grupos, se valendo do labirinto em cruz elevado para verificar tais efeitos. O experimento foi desenvolvido entre 13 e 19 h, registrado com uma câmera de 14 megapixels. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados descritivamente no BioEstat 5.0 e as hipóteses testadas pelo teste de Mann-Whitney. A atividade ansiolítica do extrato aquoso do Coriandrum sativum L. administrado por gavagem pôde ser demonstrada pelo presente estudo (p = 0,01).
Les programmes d’activité physique en entreprise : la nécessité d’une approche pluridisciplinaire
Authors: ESSAFI Mokhtar , BARGET Éric 
Published: March 2024

Depuis l’introduction du modèle taylorien de l’Organisation scientifique du travail (OST) à la fin du 19e siècle, le paysage social des entreprises françaises a connu des mutations profondes. Animé par une ambition de déterminer l’organisation de travail la plus efficace, le « one best way », Taylor a poursuit son objectif en augmentant la productivité tout en rationalisant le travail (Zarifian, 2011). En retour, cette nouvelle organisation du travail a fortement contribué à la baisse significative du niveau d’activité physique quotidien et à une progression alarmante des comportements sédentaires. De plus, les progrès technologiques et l'avènement de l'ère numérique ont favorisé des conditions de travail de plus en plus exigeantes qui privent les individus d’une dépense physique essentielle au maintien d’une bonne santé physique et mentale. C'est dans ce contexte que les programmes d'activité physique au travail ont émergé, offrant une solution concrète pour contrer les méfaits de la sédentarité et de l’inactivité physique. Cependant, certains obstacles freinent cette dynamique. Cet article vise à réaliser une étude approfondie des enseignements sur les programmes d'activité physique au travail en adoptant une approche pluridisciplinaire.
Tetrazines et heptazines, les atouts des hétérocycles aromatiques à fort contenu d'azote
Authors: AUDEBERT Pierre 
Published: March 2024

Les tétrazines sont des hétérocycles aromatiques stables contenant la plus forte proportion d’azote, relativement au carbone (composé générique C2H2N6). Ces composés, pourtant connus depuis un siècle, ont pourtant émergé seulement au XXIe siècle au niveau des applications les plus porteuses, la chimie click et la fluorescence ; nous présenterons quelques exemples et applications. Le cas des heptazines, un système tricyclique fusionné, même si un peu moins chargé en azote, (composé générique C6H3N7) constitue pourtant un cas assez analogue, mais encore plus marqué. En effet, la synthèse des heptazines étant plus délicate, ces molécules, pourtant très prometteuses, ont pendant longtemps été quasi-oubliées car presque non accessibles. De récents travaux ont conduit à l’obtention de deux nouveaux dérivés fonctionnalisables, ouvrant la voie à la synthèse de nouvelles familles de ces composés, et de nouvelles applications en particulier en photocatalyse, en optoélectronique ou dans le développement de matériaux hybrides.
MENELISIK FENOMENA PERCERAIAN PADA AKTOR PERNIKAHAN DINI DALAM PERSPEKTIF STRUKTURAL FUNGSIONAL
Authors: Abdullah Mirna Nur Alia 
Published: March 2024

Early marriage is generally carried out by young couples who are not mentally and physically ready to build a quality household. The purpose of this study is to examine and explain the phenomenon of divorce in early marriage cases based on functional structural theory. The method used in this research is a literature study, which is the process of selecting, reading, recording and collecting references that are relevant to the topic of study as a data source. The results of the study state that until now, divorce has become one of the crucial problems considering the negative impact caused after divorce is very complex, especially in cases of divorce that occur in actors who previously underwent young marriages. Functional structural theory views that divorce occurs because of an imbalance in the family. In addition, early marriage has a higher potential for divorce due to the lack of individual readiness, so that instability in the family occurs more often, in this case early marriage is prone to divorce. Therefore, to realize a harmonious marriage based on a functional structural perspective, it is necessary to balance the system to achieve this goal.
DAMPAK PERNIKAHAN DINI TERHADAP POTENSI BABY BLUES SYNDROM PADA IBU MUDA DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: Khairunnisa Firda Salsabila , Abdullah Mirna Nur Alia 
Published: March 2024

Pernikahan usia dini merupakan pernikahan yang terjadi pada seorang anak di bawah umur 19 tahun. Di Indonesia fenomena pernikahan dini bukan hal yang baru, bahkan pernikahan dini sering kali disebut sebagai sebuah tradisi oleh masyarakat. Dari data BPS pada tahun 2022 sebanyak 19,24% anak muda di Indonesia yang berusia 16-18 mencatatkan pernikahnnya. Kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai resiko dari pernikahan dini mengakibatkan tingkat pernikahan dini di Indonesia tinggi. Sebagian masyarakat tidak mengetahui tentang resiko yang terjadi saat melakukan pernikahan dini terutama yang akan di alami oleh perempuan. Salah satu resiko pernikahan dini yang dialami oleh perempuan adalah depresi atau stress yang dapat berpotensi mengalami baby blues syndrom saat memiliki anak. Sehingga, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara menikah dini terhadap potensi baby blues syndrom yang terjadi pada perempuan pasca melahirkan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Partisipan yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 3 orang yang dipilih secara purposive sampling dengan kriteria perempuan yang menikah di bawah 19 tahun dan pernah mengalami baby blues syndrom. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara yang kemudian hasilnya dianalisi melalui deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ibu yang menikah pada usia muda memiliki potensi yang lebih tinggi untuk mengalami Baby blues syndrome. Beberapa faktor utama yang mempengaruhi hubungan antara pernikahan dini dan Baby blues syndrome adalah kurangnya kesiapan menjadi seorang ibu atau kurang kesiapan dari segi psikis. Ada pun faktor pendukung lainnya seperti finansial dan dukungan sosial yang kurang.
EKSISTENSI SARABBA SEBAGAI MINUMAN TRADISIONAL KHAS BUGIS-MAKASSAR DI ERA MODERN
Authors: Masyudi Ayudia Rostiara , Nabila Fadia Marsya , Abdullah Mirna Nur Alia 
Published: March 2024

Sarabba is a traditional drink made from ginger and brown sugar originating from South Sulawesi, especially the Bugis and Madurese tribes. The purpose of this article is to find out the potential of sarabba to become a trend like coffee among young people and what innovations have been made as an effort to maintain the existence of sarabba in this modern era. The research method used is a qualitative method using an ethnographic approach and with data collection techniques through literature studies and also interviews to related parties whose results will be in the form of words. From the results of the research, sarabba has undergone many developments starting from packaging that is starting to be attractive and varied flavors such as mocca and chocolate flavors, and currently there are many instant or powder sarabba and also the ice cream version of sarabba, so the possibility of sarabba becoming a trend like coffee among teenagers is getting bigger, considering that in Makassar itself sarabba is much loved and is everywhere. So it can be concluded that: 1) There have been many innovations to maintain the existence of sarabba in this modern era, for example the sarabba innovation carried out by Sarabba Sukma Jahe Makassar and Sarabba Indonesia stores. This innovation is done by changing the shape and creating new flavor variants. Innovation in terms of form, namely there is sarabba in instant form and sarabba in the form of ice cream. While from the flavor variants there are mocca, chocolate and milk flavors. 2) Sarabba has the potential to become a trend among young people but is still within a limited scope, namely in Makassar. With the many innovations in sarabba today, it is certainly a driving factor for sarabba to become a trend among young people. However, when compared to the coffee trend, the sarabba trend is quite difficult to realize.
In-hospital ischemic stroke in ophthalmic patients
Authors: Kolomentsev S. V. , Voznjouk I.  A. , Shermatyuk E. I. , Kolomentseva A. V. , Polezhaev P. A. , Yaroslavtseva M. S. , Kirpichenko A. A. , Tsygan N.  V. , Litvinenko I. V. 
Published: March 2024

Justifi cation. Due to the high prevalence of diseases of the visual organs (cataracts, glaucoma, etc.) and the large number of surgical interventions performed annually in elderly and senile people, the prevention of in-hospital ischemic stroke (IHS) is an urgent task.The purpose of the work. To study the risk factors of development, characteristics of care and outcomes of IHS in ophthalmic patients.Material and methods. The study was performed in the period from 01.01.2022 to 31.12.2022 on the basis of ophthalmological departments specializing in the performance of planned vitreoretinal surgical interventions, two large multidisciplinary hospitals in St. Petersburg.Results. It has been established that perioperative ischemic stroke (included in the structure of the IHS) is a rare complication of minimally invasive ophthalmic operations. Its share was 0.07% (n = 5) of the total number of patients who underwent elective ophthalmological intervention during the year; the total share of patients with IHS (taking into account 4 cases of ischemic stroke in the preoperative period) was 0.13%. Most strokes (n = 5; 55.6%) belonged to the cardioembolic subtype, the proportion of using reperfusion techniques was high and amounted to 33.3% (2 endovascular interventions, 1 systemic thrombolysis); the proportion of adverse outcomes was 22.2% (n = 2). A distinctive characteristic of patients with IHS was a combination of high comorbidity with insuffi cient antithrombotic prophylaxis, which consisted in the cancellation of antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants in the preoperative period.Conclusion. Current recommendations on perioperative management of patients indicate the need to continue taking antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs for most ophthalmic operations, due to the predominance of threats of thromboembolic complications over the risk of retrobulbar bleeding.
РОЛЬ ВЧИТЕЛЯ-ЛОГОПЕДА У ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНОМУ СУПРОВОДІ ДІТЕЙ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ З ТЯЖКИМИ ПОРУШЕННЯМИ МОВЛЕННЯ
Authors: Цегельник Тетяна , Поліщук Віра 
Published: March 2024

Проблематика тяжких порушень мовлення (ТПМ) у дошкільнят позиціонується однією з найактуальніших для сучасних закладів дошкільної освіти, адже мовленнєва діяльність виступає базисом процесу набуття знань та загального розвитку в цілому. Своєчасна ідентифікація порушень мовленнєвої діяльності, ефективне дослідження їх особливостей, диференціація ТПМ ідентифікуються основою системи логопедичної роботи. Метою роботи є аналітика функціоналу вчителя-логопеда в команді психолого-педагогічного супроводу дітей дошкільного віку з ТПМ. У процесі досягнення цілей дослідження було використано ряд загальнонаукових методів дослідження, зокрема, методи аналізу, синтезу, абстрагування, індукції та дедукції, конкретизації та формалізації, порівняння. У дослідженні доведено безпрецедентну роль вчителя-логопеда в межах психолого-педагогічного супроводу дітей з ТПМ з метою їх успішної соціальної інтеграції. Виокремлено можливі наслідки для процесу психічного розвитку дітей, зумовлені ТПМ, обґрунтовано важливість їх усвідомлення у ході реалізації психолого-педагогічного супроводу дітей окресленої категорії у закладі дошкільної освіти. Встановлено, що роль логопеда у супроводі дітей дошкільного віку з тяжкими мовленнєвими порушеннями включає етапи діагностичної та корекційної роботи не лише безпосередньо з дитиною, але, також, з її оточенням. У процесі дослідження доведено, що, маючи на меті успішну інтеграцію дитини з ТПМ у суспільне середовище, необхідно на ранньому етапі розвитку ефективно діагностувати специфічні аспекти її психічного розвитку, котрі значно ускладнюють проблематику в мовленнєвій сфері, а також надавати спеціалізовану професійну допомогу дитині.
Use of the Patient Generated Index to Identify Physical Health Challenges Among People Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Quigley Adria , Brouillette Marie-Josée , Fellows Lesley , Mayo Nancy 
Published: March 2024

Many people living with HIV experience physical health challenges including mobility problems, pain, and fatigue. Purpose: To estimate how many people living with HIV identify physical health challenges as important using the patient generated index (PGI). Secondary Objectives: (1) Identify factors associated with reporting physical health challenges; (2) Identify relationships between reporting physical health challenges and standardized health-related quality of life (HRQOL) items; and (3) Estimate the extent to which reporting a physical health challenge explains downstream HRQOL outcomes. Method: Cross-sectional data came from a large Canadian cohort. We administered the PGI and three standardized HRQOL measures. PGI text threads were coded according to the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. Regression, discriminant analysis, and chi-square tests were used. Results: Of 865 participants, 248 [28.7%; 95% CI (25.7%, 31.8%)] reported a physical health challenge on the PGI. Participants with better pain (OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.71, 0.90) and vitality (OR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.63, 0.80) by 20 points had lower odds of reporting a physical health challenge. Those who reported a physical health challenge had significantly lower HRQOL on some standardized items. Conclusions: The PGI is well-suited to identify the physical challenges of people living with HIV.
INFLUÊNCIA DA ALTITUDE EM CAFÉS PRODUZIDOS NA SERRA DA CANASTRA UTILIZANDO MODELOS COM COVARIÂNCIAS ESPACIAIS
Authors: Calcagnoto Laryssa Ribeiro , Del Rocío Rebaza Fernández Diana , Ângelo Cirillo Marcelo , Ramos Alves Helena Maria , Meira Borém Flávio 
Published: March 2024

Este estudo investiga a qualidade sensorial dos cafés produzidos na região da Serra da Canastra, em Minas Gerais, Brasil, considerando a influência da altitude e métodos de processamento. Utilizando um modelo linear misto, que incorpora efeitos aleatórios e fixos, analisou-se a nota final atribuída na análise sensorial dos cafés. O objetivo foi avaliar a estrutura de correlação espacial no modelo, considerando a pontuação final > 83 pontos. Os resultados indicaram que o modelo com a estrutura de correlação espacial obtida por meio do semivariograma exponencial proporcionou uma melhor explicação para as variações entre as unidades. Isso sugere que a variabilidade espacial desempenha um papel importante na determinação da qualidade sensorial dos cafés, particularmente em relação à pontuação final na análise sensorial. Este estudo destaca a relevância dos modelos mistos na análise sensorial de cafés, especialmente quando consideram a estrutura de correlação espacial.
Palavras-chave: análise sensorial; modelo linear misto; correlação espacial.

Influence of altitude on coffee quality in the Serra da Canastra region: spatial analysis with a mixed model

ABSTRACT: This study investigates the sensory quality of coffee produced in the Serra da Canastra region of Minas Gerais, Brazil, considering the influence of altitude and processing methods. Using a mixed linear model that incorporates random and fixed effects, the final score assigned in the sensory analysis of the coffees was analyzed. The objective was to evaluate the spatial correlation structure in the model, considering the final score > 83 points. The results indicated that the model with the spatial correlation structure obtained through the exponential semivariogram provided a better explanation for the variations among the units. This suggests that spatial variability plays an important role in determining the sensory quality of coffees, particularly concerning the final score in sensory analysis. This study highlights the relevance of mixed models in the sensory analysis of coffees, especially when considering spatial correlation structure.
Keywords: sensory analysis; mixed linear model; spatial correlation.
The Hippocampal Subfield Volume Reduction and Plasma Biomarker Changes in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Cao Jing , Tang Yating , Chen Shujian , Yu Siqi , Wan Ke , Yin Wenwen , Zhen Wenhui , Zhao Wenming , Zhou Xia , Zhu Xiaoqun , Sun Zhongwu 
Published: March 2024

Background: The hippocampus consists of histologically and functionally distinct subfields, which shows differential vulnerabilities to Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-associated pathological changes. Objective: To investigate the atrophy patterns of the main hippocampal subfields in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD and the relationships among the hippocampal subfield volumes, plasma biomarkers and cognitive performance. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 119 patients stratified into three categories: normal cognition (CN; N = 40), MCI ( N = 39), and AD ( N = 40). AD-related plasma biomarkers were measured, including amyloid-β (Aβ)42, Aβ40, Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, p-tau181, and p-tau217, and the hippocampal subfield volumes were calculated using automated segmentation and volumetric procedures implemented in FreeSurfer. Results: The subiculum body, cornu ammonis (CA) 1-head, CA1-body, CA4-body, molecular_layer_HP-head, molecular_layer_HP-body, and GC-ML-DG-body volumes were smaller in the MCI group than in the CN group. The subiculum body and CA1-body volumes accurately distinguished MCI from CN (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.647–0.657). The subiculum-body, GC-ML-DG-body, CA4-body, and molecular_layer_HP-body volumes accurately distinguished AD from MCI (AUC = 0.822–0.833) and AD from CN (AUC = 0.903–0.905). The p-tau 217 level served as the best plasma indicator of AD and correlated with broader hippocampal subfield volumes. Moreover, mediation analysis demonstrated that the subiculum-body volume mediated the associations between the p-tau217 and p-tau181 levels, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Auditory Verbal Learning Test recognition scores. Conclusions: Hippocampal subfields with distinctive atrophy patterns may mediate the effects of tau pathology on cognitive function. The subiculum-body may be the most clinically meaningful hippocampal subfield, which could be an effective target region for assessing disease progression.
mRNA vaccines encoding computationally optimized hemagglutinin elicit protective antibodies against future antigenically drifted H1N1 and H3N2 influenza viruses isolated between 2018-2020
Authors: Allen James D. , Ross Ted M. 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundThe implementation of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 has successfully validated the safety and efficacy of the platform, while at the same time revealing the potential for their applications against other infectious diseases. Traditional seasonal influenza vaccines often induce strain specific antibody responses that offer limited protection against antigenically drifted viruses, leading to reduced vaccine efficacy. Modern advances in viral surveillance and sequencing have led to the development of in-silico methodologies for generating computationally optimized broadly reactive antigens (COBRAs) to improve seasonal influenza vaccines.MethodsIn this study, immunologically naïve mice were intramuscularly vaccinated with mRNA encoding H1 and H3 COBRA hemagglutinins (HA) or wild-type (WT) influenza HAs encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs).ResultsMice vaccinated with H1 and H3 COBRA HA-encoding mRNA vaccines generated robust neutralizing serum antibody responses against more antigenically distinct contemporary and future drifted H1N1 and H3N2 influenza strains than those vaccinated with WT H1 and H3 HA-encoding mRNA vaccines. The H1 and H3 COBRA HA-encoding mRNA vaccines also prevented influenza illness, including severe disease in the mouse model against H1N1 and H3N2 viruses.ConclusionsThis study highlights the potential benefits of combining universal influenza antigen design technology with modern vaccine delivery platforms and exhibits how these vaccines can be advantageous over traditional WT vaccine antigens at eliciting superior protective antibody responses against a broader number of influenza virus isolates.