bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drivers of water level fluctuations and hydrological exchange between groundwater and surface water at the lowland River Spree (Germany): field study and statistical analyses
Authors: Lewandowski Jörg , Lischeid Gunnar , Nützmann Gunnar 
Published: March 2009

AbstractHydrological exchange processes in the floodplain of a lowland groundwater‐surface water system with emphasis to the hyporheic zone are studied on the basis of an experimental site surrounded by an oxbow and the current bed of the river Spree. Water levels were collected in 12 piezometers and 2 recording stage gauges of a 300‐m long transect throughout a 1‐year‐period. Due to clogging the hydraulic contact between the oxbow and the adjacent aquifer is marginal. Fluctuating river gauges cause an alternation of infiltration and exfiltration. Most of the time groundwater flux is directed into the river Spree while infiltration events are usually short. The largest infiltration event in the 1‐year‐period reached about 4 m into the aquifer. On the basis of a principal component analysis two major processes controlling water level fluctuations in the aquifer are identified. The first component responsible for about 70% of the fluctuations stands for the dampening and delay of fluctuations of the river gauge spreading into the aquifer. The second component explaining about 20% of the fluctuations stands for groundwater recharge due to precipitation events. In lower reaches with extended floodplains, fluctuations of groundwater levels are mainly controlled by river gauges and thus, the hydrological conditions in upstream reaches. In contrast local precipitation events are of minor importance and upslope groundwater level fluctuations are completely unimportant. A cross correlation of the times series of the different piezometers was used to calculate the time lag of pressure fluctuations at different locations and resulted in a propagation of the pressure fluctuations of about 1550 m d−1 while the effective velocity of the groundwater was about 1000 times smaller. Fast water level fluctuations should not be misinterpreted as fast flow velocities and special care is necessary in flow modelling of such data sets since most groundwater flow models cannot cope with a fast propagation of pressure head fluctuations. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measuring marketing‐mix effects in the 32/64 bit video‐game console market
Authors: Chintagunta Pradeep K. , Nair Harikesh S. , Sukumar R. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe investigate the short‐ and long‐run effects of prices and software availability on the category‐level diffusion of 32/64‐bit video‐game consoles in the USA. We adopt an estimation framework that allows for a flexible intrinsic growth pattern for the hardware consoles, and uses instrumental variables to control for the potential endogeneity of prices. We find significant long‐term effects of prices and software availability on sales. We find that using a non‐parametric hazard specification is important: imposing parametric forms results in elasticities that are up to 30% smaller. We use these results to derive implications for marketing policies over the life cycle of the industry. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A construction of binary Golay sequence pairs from odd‐length Barker sequences
Authors: Jedwab Jonathan , Parker Matthew G. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBinary Golay sequence pairs exist for lengths 2, 10 and 26 and, by Turyn's product construction, for all lengths of the form 2a10b26c where a, b, c are non‐negative integers. Computer search has shown that all inequivalent binary Golay sequence pairs of length less than 100 can be constructed from five “seed” pairs, of length 2, 10, 10, 20 and 26. We give the first complete explanation of the origin of the length 26 binary Golay seed pair, involving a Barker sequence of length 13 and a related Barker sequence of length 11. This is the special case m=1 of a general construction for a length 16m+10 binary Golay pair from a related pair of Barker sequences of length 8m+5 and 8m+3, for integer m≥0. In the case m=0, we obtain an alternative explanation of the origin of one of the length 10 binary Golay seed pairs. The construction cannot produce binary Golay sequence pairs for m>1, having length greater than 26, because there are no Barker sequences of odd length greater than 13. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 17: 478–491, 2009
High neuroticism at age 20 predicts history of mental disorders and low self‐esteem at age 35
Authors: Lönnqvist Jan‐Erik , Verkasalo Markku , Mäkinen Seppo , Henriksson Markus 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe authors assessed whether neuroticism in emerging adulthood predicts mental disorders and self‐esteem in early adulthood after controlling for possible confounding variables. A sample of 69 male military conscripts was initially assessed at age 20 and again as civilians at age 35. The initial assessment included a psychiatric interview, objective indicators of conscript competence, an intellectual performance test, and neuroticism questionnaires. The follow‐up assessment included a Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV (SCID; First, Spitzer, Gibbon, & Williams, 1996) and the Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965). Neuroticism predicted future mental disorders and low self‐esteem beyond more objective indicators of adjustment. The results support the use of neuroticism as a predictor of future mental disorders, even over periods of time when personality is subject to change. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 65: 1–10, 2009.
Efficient assessment of social problem‐solving abilities in medical and rehabilitation settings: a rasch analysis of the social problem‐solving inventory‐revised
Authors: Dreer Laura E. , Berry Jack , Rivera Patricia , Snow Marsha , Elliott Timothy R. , Miller Doreen , Little Todd D. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe Social Problem Solving Inventory‐Revised Scale (SPSI‐R) has been shown to be a reliable and valid self‐report measure of social problem‐solving abilities. In busy medical and rehabilitation settings, a brief and efficient screening version with psychometric properties similar to the SPSI‐R would have numerous benefits including decreased patient and caregiver assessment burden and administration/scoring time. Thus, the aim of the current study was to identify items from the SPSI‐R that would provide for a more efficient assessment of global social problem‐solving abilities. This study consisted of three independent samples: 121 persons in low‐vision rehabilitation (M age=71 years old, SD=15.53), 301 persons living with diabetes mellitus (M age=58, and SD=14.85), and 131 family caregivers of persons with severe disabilities (M age=56 years old, SD=12.15). All persons completed a version of the SPSI‐R, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Using Rasch scaling of the SPSI‐R short‐form, we identified a subset of 10 items that reflected the five‐component model of social problem solving. The 10 items were separately validated on the sample of persons living with diabetes mellitus and the sample of family caregivers of persons with severe disabilities. Results indicate that the efficient 10‐item version, analyzed separately for all three samples, demonstrated good reliability and validity characteristics similar to the established SPSI‐R short form. The 10‐item version of the SPSI‐R represents a brief, effective way in which clinicians and researchers in busy health care settings can quickly assess global problem‐solving abilities and identify those persons at‐risk for complicated adjustment. Implications for the assessment of social problem‐solving abilities are discussed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 65: 1–15, 2009.
An empirical study of the mechanisms of mindfulness in a mindfulness‐based stress reduction program
Authors: Carmody James , Baer Ruth A. , L. B. Lykins Emily , Olendzki Nicholas 
Published: March 2009

AbstractS. L. Shapiro and colleagues (2006) have described a testable theory of the mechanisms of mindfulness and how it affects positive change. They describe a model in which mindfulness training leads to a fundamental change in relationship to experience (reperceiving), which leads to changes in self‐regulation, values clarification, cognitive and behavioral flexibility, and exposure. These four variables, in turn, result in salutogenic outcomes. Analyses of responses from participants in a mindfulness‐based stress‐reduction program did not support the mediating effect of changes in reperceiving on the relationship of mindfulness with those four variables. However, when mindfulness and reperceiving scores were combined, partial support was found for the mediating effect of the four variables on measures of psychological distress. Issues arising in attempts to test the proposed theory are discussed, including the description of the model variables and the challenges to their assessment. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 65: 1–14, 2009.
Purification of glycerol/water solutions from biodiesel synthesis by ion exchange: sodium and chloride removal. Part II
Authors: Carmona Manuel , Lech Anna , de Lucas Antonio , Pérez Angel , Rodriguez Juan F. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Equilibrium studies were carried out with the aim of finding the basic design parameters for ion exchange plants using a glycerol phase obtained from biodiesel production. The uptake of sodium and potassium ions on a strongly acidic ion exchanger, Amberlite IR‐120, in the proton form from glycerol/water mixtures has been studied. The effect on the selectivity towards sodium of the percentage of water in glycerine/water mixtures on the macroporous resin Amberlite 252 has been analyzed. Finally, chloride removal by a strongly basic anionic‐exchange resin Amberlite IRA‐420 at three different temperatures has been studied.RESULTS: The strongly acidic ion exchanger Amberlite IR‐120 exhibits higher selectivity for potassium versus sodium ions. The ideal mass action law model was able to fit the experimental equilibrium data. The equilibrium data obtained at different percentages of water in the glycerine/water mixture indicate that as the water content increased the resin selectivity for sodium uptake is reduced. The selectivity of the anion exchange resin Amberlite IRA‐420 for chloride ions decreases with temperature. The ideal mass action law was accurate enough to fit the equilibrium data of the three systems and allowed the equilibrium thermodynamic properties to be obtained.CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm that macroporous resin Amberlite 252 could be a good choice to remove sodium ions from glycerol/water solutions with a high salt concentration and also that a strongly basic anionic‐exchange resin could be used for chloride removal. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Circuit decompositions of join‐covered graphs
Authors: de Carvalho Marcelo H. , Little C. H. C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn this paper, we focus our attention on join‐covered graphs, that is, ±1‐weighted graphs, without negative circuits, in which every edge lies in a zero‐weight circuit. Join covered graphs are a natural generalization of matching‐covered graphs. Many important properties of matching covered graphs, such as the existence of a canonical partition, tight cut decomposition and ear decomposition, have been generalized to join covered graphs by A. Sebő [5]. In this paper we prove that any two edges of a join‐covered graph lie on a zero‐weight circuit (under an equivalent weighting), generalize this statement to an arbitrary number of edges, and characterize minimal bipartite join‐covered graphs. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 62, 220–233, 2009
Intensity of GABA‐evoked responses is modified by nitric oxide‐active compounds in the subthalamic nucleus of the rat: A microiontophoretic study
Authors: Sardo Pierangelo , Carletti Fabio , D'Agostino Stefania , Rizzo Valerio , La Grutta Vittorio , Ferraro Giuseppe 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe have previously described modulatory effects of nitric oxide (NO)–active drugs on subthalamic nucleus (STN) neurons. In this study, the effects of microiontophoretically applied NO‐active compounds on GABA‐evoked responses were investigated in subthalamic neurons extracellularly recorded from anesthetized rats: 45 of 62 cells were excited by S‐nitroso‐glutathione (SNOG), an NO donor, whereas 28 of 43 neurons were inhibited byNω‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester (L‐NAME), a NOS inhibitor. Nearly all neurons responding to SNOG and/or L‐NAME showed significant inhibitory responses to the administration of iontophoretic GABA. In these cells, the changes induced by NO‐active drugs in the magnitude of GABA‐evoked responses were used as indicators of NO modulation. In fact, when an NO‐active drug was co‐iontophoresed with GABA, significant changes in GABA‐induced responses were observed: generally, decreased magnitudes of GABA‐evoked responses were observed during continuous SNOG ejection, whereas the administration of L‐NAME enhanced GABA responses. In contrast, glutamate‐evoked responses were enhanced by SNOG and dampened by L‐NAME co‐iontophoresis. Furthermore, the iontophoretic administration of bicuculline (a GABAAreceptor antagonist) completely abolished the GABA‐evoked inhibitory responses and reduced the magnitude of both the SNOG‐ and L‐NAME‐induced effects. The results suggest that the NO‐mediated modulation of subthalamic neurons could also be a result of an interaction between NO and GABAAneurotransmission. Increased NOS activity has been shown in the hyperactive STN neurons of parkinsonian patients; on the basis of our observations about the influence of NO‐active drugs on the baseline and GABA‐evoked activity of subthalamic cells, such hyperactivity suggests the involvement of increased NO levels and reduced sensitivity to GABA. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Protective effect of a synapsin peptide genetically fused to the B subunit of Escherichia coli heat‐labile enterotoxin in rat autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Scerbo M. Julia , Rupil Lucia L. , Bibolini Mario J. , Roth German A. , Monferran Clara G. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease with similarities to multiple sclerosis that requires the activation of auto reactive T cells that infiltrate the central nervous system. In previous studies we have shown that intraperitoneal administration of synaptosomal antigens could suppress EAE. Herein we examined the effect in this animal model of a fusion protein comprising the C domain of synapsin Ia and the B subunit of Escherichia coli heat‐labile enterotoxin (LTBSC). Oral administration to rats of low amounts of LTBSC induced immunological systemic tolerance to the encephalitogenic myelin basic protein. Treatment with LTBSC prior to EAE induction diminished disease incidence, DTH reaction to myelin basic protein, and central nervous system inflammation. LTBSC treatment also reduced the specific T‐cell proliferative response to myelin basic protein, decreased nitric oxide production, and augmented arginase activity by peritoneal macrophages. All animals challenged for EAE developed antibody response specific for myelin basic protein, but rats treated with LTBSC showed a lower IgG2b/IgG1 ratio, indicating a shift to a Th2‐type milieu. The data presented here suggest that well‐conserved synapsin peptides conjugated to the B subunit of enterotoxins from the cholera toxin family have a protective role and provide a potential therapeutic tool for intervention in EAE as well as in multiple sclerosis. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nadir CA‐125 level is an independent prognostic factor in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Kang Sokbom , Seo Sang‐Soo , Park Sang‐Yoon 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine the independency of a nadir CA‐125 level as a prognostic factor in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).MethodsAmong the 153 women with advanced EOC who had surgery in our hospital between January 2001 and June 2007, 121 women underwent retrospective chart review.ResultsSixty‐six patients (57.9%) had nadir CA‐125 values ≤10 U/ml. The CA‐125 levels at the time of diagnosis was associated with the nadir CA‐125 (P = 0.018). The median progression‐free survival (PFS) in patients with nadir CA‐125 levels ≤10 and 10–35 U/ml was 32.4 and 16.8 months, respectively (P = 0.0001). A multivariate Cox hazard model revealed that the nadir CA‐125 value and the residual tumor size ≥0.5 cm were independently associated with the PFS (P = 0.001 and 0.014). Within the subgroup who underwent primary debulking surgery, the significant association between the PFS and the nadir CA‐125 value was preserved (P = 0.001).ConclusionsThe prognostic role of the nadir CA‐125 is independent of residual tumor size in the patients with advanced EOC. However, it is still unclear whether maximal surgical effort can affect the nadir CA‐125 levels. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:244–247. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interventional sialendoscopy for treatment of radioiodine‐induced sialadenitis
Authors: Bomeli Steven R. , Schaitkin Barry , Carrau Ricardo L. , Walvekar Rohan R. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The purpose of this study is to review our experience with sialendoscopy for the management of radioiodine‐induced sialadenitis.Methods:Retrospective chart review of all patients with radioiodine‐induced sialadenitis treated with interventional sialendoscopy.Results:Twelve female patients with a mean age of 46.5 years (range, 25–77 years) underwent interventional sialendoscopy for the treatment of recalcitrant sialadenitis from radioiodine‐induced damage to the major salivary glands. Symptoms arising from the parotid gland were seen in 75% of patients, whereas symptoms arising from the submandibular gland were seen in 50%. Three patients (25%) presented symptoms in both the parotids and the submandibular glands. The mean dose of radioiodine was 143 mCi (range, 101.9–185.7 mCi) received as a single dose prior to their referral. The mean duration from radioiodine ablation therapy to sialendoscopy was 10.4 months (range, 5–16 months). Thirty‐two glands (20 parotid, 12 submandibular) were taken to the operating room, with complete endoscopy successful in 27 glands (84.4%). Ductal stenosis (30%) and mucus plugs (44%) were the most common types of ductal pathology. Sialendoscopy improved the symptoms in 75% (9/12) of patients, with no serious complications reported in follow‐up ranging from 2 weeks to 33 months (median, 6 months).Conclusions:Interventional sialendoscopy is an effective tool for the management of patients with radioiodine‐induced sialadenitis that is unresponsive to medical management. Laryngoscope, 2009
Exploring the phonatory effects of external superior laryngeal nerve paralysis: An In vivo model
Authors: Roy Nelson , Smith Marshall E. , Dromey Christopher , Redd Jonathan , Neff Skylee , Grennan Doug 
Published: March 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Little is known regarding the phonatory consequences of unilateral external superior laryngeal nerve (ESLN) paralysis. By selectively blocking the ESLN with lidocaine HCl (with laryngeal electromyography verification), we modeled acute, unilateral cricothyroid (CT) muscle dysfunction to explore possible acoustic, aerodynamic, auditory‐perceptual and auto‐perceptive effects.Study Design:Prospective, repeated measures, experimental design.Methods:Ten, vocally‐normal adult males underwent lidocaine block of the right ESLN. Multiple measures of phonatory function across a variety of vocal tasks/conditions were acquired before and during the block using standard data acquisition and analysis protocols.Results:During ESLN block, phonatory frequency range was significantly reduced with compression of both upper and lowermost regions of the pitch range. Mean speaking fundamental frequency increased significantly during oral reading. Acoustic analysis, aerodynamic assessment, and auditory‐ perceptual evaluation by blinded listeners revealed modest increases in phonatory instability (jitter), increased laryngeal airway resistance with no objective evidence of glottic insufficiency, and mild deterioration in voice quality most evident during high pitched voice productions, respectively. Participants uniformly rated their speaking and singing voices as worse during the block with significant weakness, effort, and tightness that they perceived as a mild level of impairment.Conclusions:These data support generally mild changes to the speaking voice, which extend beyond reductions in pitch range only, and shed light on the potential untoward phonatory effects of acute, unilateral CT dysfunction. Laryngoscope, 2009
Four years of accreditation council of graduate medical education duty hour regulations: Have they made a difference?
Authors: Shonka David C. , Ghanem Tamer A. , Hubbard Matthew A. , Barker Daniel A. , Kesser Bradley W. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Measure compliance with the Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) residents' work hour regulations and evaluate their impact on patient care and residents' performance on the Otolaryngology Training Examination (OTE).Study Design:Retrospective review of an otolaryngology residency program's resident duty hours violations and OTE scores, and review of the associated hospital's benchmark patient data.Methods:Residents' duty hour violations were compiled and analyzed for individual violation, postgraduate year (PGY), and service in the program. Annual OTE scores and the department's hospital benchmark measures (inpatient mortality, inpatient length of stay, 30‐day readmission rate) were compared before and after the institution of the ACGME duty hours mandate.Results:The 10‐hour rule was most frequently violated; residents on the oncology service and PGY‐2 year were most commonly in violation. There was no difference before and after institution of the ACGME duty hours mandate in 30‐day hospital readmission rates (P = .42), hospital mortality index (P = .55), length of stay (P = .55), OTE scores (P = .11, Student's t test), and graduating resident's operative volume.Conclusions:Institution of the ACGME duty hour regulations did not improve patient care as measured by the 30‐day readmission rate, inhospital mortality, and patient's length of stay. Residents' performance on the OTE did not change after implementation of the ACGME rules. Further studies are warranted to assess the impact of the ACGME work hour regulations on patient care and resident‐physicians' training. Laryngoscope, 2009
The influence of source credibility on attitude certainty: Exploring the moderating effects of timing of source identification and individual need for cognition
Authors: Nan Xiaoli 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis research investigates the influence of source credibility on attitude certainty, referring to an individual's subjective confidence in his/her attitude. Results of a laboratory experiment (N = 220) show that low source credibility, compared with high source credi‐bility, leads to greater attitude certainty. This relationship, however, only holds when the source is identified before message exposure and for people who are low in need for cognition. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed. ©2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.