bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 20 (SNOT-20) Domains in Nonsurgical Patients
Authors: Pynnonen Melissa A. , Kim H. Myra , Terrell Jeffrey E. 
Published: March 2009

Background The objectives of this study were, first, to confirm the presence of multiple domains within the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 20 (SNOT-20) using a medically treated population, and, second, to reanalyze data from this population to reveal incremental information. A prospective, randomized controlled trial was performed. Methods One hundred twenty-seven adults with chronic rhinitis or rhinosinusitis symptoms were treated with nasal saline irrigation or spray. Treatment outcome was quality of life measured with SNOT-20 scores, which were reanalyzed for this study with a factor analysis. Differences in change scores were compared. Results Factor analysis confirmed the presence of four domains: psychological function, sleep function, rhinological symptoms, and ear and/or facial symptoms. At 8 weeks after randomization, saline irrigation had significant effects on the rhinological symptom (p = 0.01) and sleep (p = 0.01) compared with saline spray, but no between-group difference was seen in psychological function or ear and/or facial symptom domains. Conclusion Subscales identified differences in the impact of two medical interventions on chronic sinonasal symptoms. Reporting subscale scores might improve the precision of the SNOT-20 instrument, allowing discrimination between various treatments and their differential impact on sinonasal quality of life.
Diagnostic and Staging Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Assessment of Sinonasal Disease
Authors: Lin Harrison W. , Bhattacharyya Neil 
Published: March 2009

Background Concerns over radiation exposure with paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT) have recently evolved. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be more advantageous in this regard, but the diagnostic assessment of MRI in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has not been reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between CT- and MRI-based staging and diagnosis of CRS. Methods Paired CT and MRI scans of 89 adult patients who were imaged by both modalities within a 3-month time period for evaluation of pituitary disease were scored for sinus disease using the Lund-Mackay system in a randomized and blinded fashion. The Lund scores were compared for similarity, correlation, and diagnostic classification between modalities. Results The mean Lund scores were 2.3 ± 0.6 (95% CI) for CT-based staging and 2.1 ± 0.5 for MRI-based staging with a median time interval between scans of 3 days. The difference means was not statistically significant (p = 0.444, paired t-test). Correlation analysis revealed a significant association between CT- and MRI-based scores (Pearson's r = 0.837, p < 0.001). Disease classification agreement analysis using published Lund score cutoffs (3 versus 4) for the likelihood of true sinus disease revealed that CT- and MRI-based scoring agreed on 76 cases (85.4%). Disagreement occurred in 13 cases (kappa: 0.557, p < 0.001). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 66.7, 90.1, 63.2, and 91.4%, respectively. Conclusion Lund-Mackay staging of sinus disease by MRI is closely correlated to corresponding staging based on CT. MRI does not significantly overstage or overclassify patients with sinus disease.
The Efficacy of a Novel Chitosan Gel on Hemostasis after Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in a Sheep Model of Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Valentine Rowan , Athanasiadis Theo , Moratti Stephen , Robinson Simon , Wormald Peter-John 
Published: March 2009

Background Postoperative bleeding remains a major problem after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Patients who continue to bleed after ESS are at risk of airway compromise from inhalation of blood clots or from aspiration of blood-stained vomitus. The aim of this study was to determine the in vivo efficacy of a novel gel on hemostasis after ESS in a sheep model of chronic rhinosinusitis. Methods Twenty-one sheep infested with Oestrus ovus underwent ESS with standardized mucosal injuries created at the anterior ethmoid region using a microdebrider. Immediately after injury a baseline bleeding time was taken using the Boezaart Surgical Field Grading Scale. Computer randomization was performed to either receive chitosan/dextran (CD) gel or no treatment (control). Boezaart bleeding scores were calculated for each side every 2 minutes. Each postoperative day videoendoscopy was performed to document crusting/CD gel dissolution. Results The CD gel side was significantly more hemostatic at 2, 4, and 6 minutes after injury. Average time to hemostasis was significantly better for the intervention side versus control side, 4.09 (±1.61) versus 6.57 (±2.20), respectively (p = 0.049). Complete hemostasis occurred by 6 minutes for all CD gel sides; however, control side bleeding was noted on three sides at 8 minutes and on one side at 10 minutes. There was no significant difference in crusts scores at days 1, 3, 7, and 14. Conclusion In the sheep model of ESS, CD gel significantly improved hemostasis compared with the control at 2, 4, and 6 minutes after mucosal injury.
In-Office Surgical Repair of Nasal Valve Stenosis
Authors: Dolan Robert W. , Catalano Peter J. , Innis William , Wanees Essam 
Published: March 2009

Background Nasal valve (NV) stenosis is a well-known cause of nasal obstruction (NO) and congestion but it is often overlooked because the typical surgical therapies are complex and often associated with cosmetic changes. A simplified surgical procedure is needed to address straightforward stenosis of the NV in patients with no need of cosmetic improvement or cartilage grafting. The purpose of this article is to describe a simplified surgical procedure to relieve symptoms of NO without extensive surgical dissection, sedation, cartilage grafting, or cosmetic change. Methods This article describes a retrospective consecutive case series of patients that underwent a surgical procedure to correct NV stenosis in the office setting. The procedure is described in detail along with patient outcome assessment using a visual analog scale of patient satisfaction and a questionnaire regarding perceived postoperative cosmetic changes. Results Of 190 patients that underwent the procedure, 36 were done in the office setting and 28 completed the questionnaires. Six patients (21%) reported an improvement score of 10, a score of maximal improvement in breathing. The mean breathing score was 4.4, indicating an overall improvement in breathing ability after correction. No patient reported a major cosmetic change and three patients reported a subtle change. The remainder (89%) reported no perceived change in cosmesis. Conclusion In-office surgical correction of the NV specifically targeting the mucosa, fibrous tissue, and caudal upper lateral cartilage was feasible, safe, and reliable in relieving complaints of NO due to uncomplicated NV stenosis.
Ultrasonographic Monitoring of Implant Thickness after Augmentation Rhinoplasty with Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene
Authors: Jung Yong Gi , Kim Hyo Yeol , Dhong Hun-Jong , Park Ki Nam , Lee Hyun Jong , Lim Yoo Jung , Min Jin-Young 
Published: March 2009

Background Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), or Gore-Tex (W.L. Gore & Associates, Flagstaff, AZ), is widely used in augmentation rhinoplasty, and the histological changes that it undergoes in the human body have been studied for decades. However, changes in the thickness of ePTFE after its use in augmentation rhinoplasty with a noninvasive object method are not well understood. Methods We report the results of 19 patients (10 male and 9 female patients) who had undergone an uncomplicated augmentation rhinoplasty with Gore-Tex. Ultrasonography was used to evaluate changes in the thickness of Gore-Tex implants and to detect inflammatory reactions around the implants 9-67 months after surgery. Results Gore-Tex implants were clearly distinguishable from the surrounding tissue with ultrasonography. The postoperative thickness of the implant was decreased by 29%. There was no significant correlation between the degree of change in implant thickness and the length of time after surgery. However, the amount of thickness reduction was associated with the implant's initial thickness at the time of the surgery (R = 0.448; p = 0.001). In addition, four patients (21%) showed fibrosis or granuloma formation around the implant that was detectable via ultrasonography. Conclusion Gore-Tex implants lost thickness after nasal dorsal augmentation in proportion to their initial thickness, and ultrasonography was useful for evaluating changes in Gore-Tex thickness.
Hydrogen‐Bonding Catalysis: Mild and Highly Chemoselective Oxidation of Sulfides
Authors: Russo Alessio , Lattanzi Alessandra 
Published: March 2009

Abstractmagnified imageN,N′‐Bis[3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiourea, employed at only 1 mol% loading, was found to be a very effective catalyst for the oxidation of sulfides with tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), affording the sulfoxides in high yield, excellent chemoselectivity, fairly good diastereoselectivity.
Structural Determination of a Photochemically Active Diplatinum Molecule by Time‐Resolved EXAFS Spectroscopy
Authors: van der Veen Renske M. , Milne Chris J. , El Nahhas Amal , Lima Frederico A. , Pham Van‐Thai , Best Jonathan , Weinstein Julia A. , Borca Camelia N. , Abela Rafael , Bressler Christian , Chergui Majed 
Published: March 2009

AbstractEine starke Verkürzung der Pt‐Pt‐Bindung im angeregten Triplettzustand des photoreaktiven [Pt2(P2O5H2)4]4−‐Ions wurde durch zeitauflösende Röntgenabsorptionsspektroskopie nachgewiesen (siehe Bild). Die stärkere Pt‐Pt‐Wechselwirkung führt zu schwächeren koordinativen Bindungen und somit zu längeren Platin‐Ligand‐Bindungen.magnified image
Year‐long measurements of C1–C3 halocarbons at an urban site and their relationship with meteorological parameters
Authors: Khan M. A. H. , Mead M. I. , White I. R. , Golledge B. , Nickless G. , Knights A. , Martin D. , Rivett A. C. , Greally B. R. , Shallcross D. E. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe mixing ratios of 11 C1–C3 halocarbons have been measured using a GC–twin‐linked ECD system over the period from October 2004 to December 2005 at an urban site in Bristol, UK. Time series and seasonal variations of the halocarbons were analysed over the period to determine biogenic and anthropogenic sources and sinks. Correlations between the target halocarbons were also observed, suggesting common sources within the area. Wind rose plots for all halocarbons have been used to assist in the determination of halocarbons sources. Halocarbon concentrations are highest at low‐wind speeds and decrease as wind speed increases, a few species (CCl4 and CH3Cl most notably) rise at very high‐wind speeds suggesting release from the Bristol Channel. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Erfahrungen bei der Beurteilung der Dauerhaftigkeit vorgespannter Bewehrung von älteren Spannbetonbrücken
Authors: Buschmeyer Wilhelm , Roder Christian , Gusia Peter J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractÄltere Spannbeton‐Brückenüberbauten, bei denen Risse die Spannglieder kreuzen, bedürfen zur Abschätzung der Notwendigkeit einer Instandsetzung einer eingehenden Beurteilung des Ist‐Zustands. Das erforderliche Maß und die Art der Instandsetzung können nur anhand dieser Beurteilung festgelegt werden. In diesem Beitrag werden wesentliche Schritte der vor etwa 10 Jahren eingeführten “Handlungsanweisung zur Beurteilung der Dauerhaftigkeit vorgespannter Bewehrung von älteren Spannbetonüberbauten” der Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt) aufgrund der gewonnenen Erfahrungen erläutert, dies auch vor dem Hintergrund des zunehmenden Güterverkehrs mit zu erwartenden höheren Gesamtgewichten und Achslasten.
A Versatile Co(bisalen) Unit for Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Cooperative Catalysis in the Hydrolytic Kinetic Resolution of Epoxides
Authors: Venkatasubbaiah Krishnan , Gill Christopher S. , Takatani Tait , Sherrill C. David , Jones Christopher W. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBisalen—very cooperative: A novel styryl‐substituted, unsymmetrical bisalen is shown to be a versatile precursor to both soluble and insoluble cooperative catalysts for the hydrolytic kinetic resolution of epoxides. The unique bisalen motif ensures all catalysts derived from it have the necessary molecular‐level ligand pairing needed for cooperative bimetallic catalytic reactions (see scheme).magnified image
Catastrophic incident prevention and proactive risk management in the new biofuels industry
Authors: Perry Judy A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis article is directed at assisting bioethanol manufacturers with preventing catastrophic incidents which could impact the entire Biofuels Industry. The biofuels industry has common hazards and potential consequences like other industries, related to the handling of flammables, dust explosion hazards and toxic or corrosive materials handling. This article ensures the reader understands these specific bioethanol manufacturer's process hazards are very real as demonstrated by past incidents and their catastrophic results. Regulatory obligations are discussed, as well as key engineering resources and design practices to ensure adequate safeguards are incorporated into the design of a new bioethanol manufacturing facility. The industry is fairly new, however, the hazards and safeguards to reduce the risk level with the common hazards are not new. Preliminary indications are this industry has yet to establish the proactive risk management efforts that are required to reduce the risks to a tolerable level. This article is to provide the supporting data and direction to the Biofuels Industry to ensure each are headed down a path of preventing a future catastrophe. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2009
Slaying myths, eliminating excuses: Managing for accountability by putting kids first
Authors: Rodosky Robert J. , Muñoz Marco A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe authors write about evaluation, testing, and research and their relation to policy, planning, and program in the Jefferson County Public Schools (JCPS) in Louisville, Kentucky. The authors focus on evaluation and testing for accountability and on managing the unit for this purpose. In detail they show the many evaluation demands from both inside and outside JCPS, from the State of Kentucky to No Child Left Behind. Their everyday work context is active, often tumultuous. Managing evaluation in this context is a form of juggling, and the authors succeed in part because they “have seen most of it before.” Also contributing to their effectiveness are the leaders' managing styles. This case study gives a good glimpse of the everyday life in a school district evaluation shop. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Deepening understanding of managing evaluation
Authors: Baizerman Michael 
Published: March 2009

AbstractDepth, resonance, and shadow are added to how the expertise of managing evaluation could be grasped and understood. Returning to the notion of “competency” (Stevahn, King, Ghere, & Minnema, 2005), this is contrasted more deeply with Dreyfus and Dreyfus's (2004) conception of expert and to its use in nursing by Benner (2004; Benner, Tanner, & Chelsa, 1996). Dreyfus's five‐stage developmental model is presented, as is a sixth stage often not discussed, “practice wisdom” or phronesis, what Strasser (1985) calls “practical science.” This notion is explored and its sources in Ancient Greece cited. A beginning exploration is made of lived managing, as is the notion of the “already known.” Evaluators are “knowledge workers” (Davenport, 2005), and managing them is central to the work of managing studies and managing an evaluation unit. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Graph Based Topology Optimization of Crashworthiness Structures
Authors: Olschinka Christian , Schumacher Axel 
Published: March 2009

AbstractToday, crashworthiness optimization limits to sizing and shape optimization. Topology optimization in crashworthiness design has been withstanding until today any attempt of finding efficient solution algorithms. This is basically due to the high computational effort and the inherent sensitivity of crash simulation responses to design scatterings. In this work, the topology optimization problem shall be addressed with a new approach, in such a way as mathematical graphs are used to describe the optimization sequence (including geometry, loads, design variables and responses, etc.). This design conception is a good advance in topological model flexibility and allows for the application of new (e.g. rule–based) topology optimization algorithms. In this contribution a description of a crashworthiness topology optimization problem based on such graphs is proposed along with a truss framework optimization example using common CAD software and explicit finite element code. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Reliability based limit analysis of steel frames with limited residual strain energy capacity
Authors: Lógó János , Vásárhelyi Anna , Rad Majid Movahedi , Stocki Rafal 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe main structural elements of steel framed multi–storey structures are the columns, the beams and their connectionsmagenta, which can be considered rigid, pinned or semi–rigid. The aim of this paper is to analyze the effect of the semi–rigid connections on the limit analysis of steel structures under multi–parameter static loading where to control the plastic behavior of the structure a bound on the complementary strain energy of the residual forces is applied. The bound value is assumed to be uncertain and is modelled by a random variable. By the use of this constraint a reliability based problem formulation is constructed. The formulation of the problem yields a nonlinear mathematical programming with a nested algorithm. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An effective strategy for the multibody simulation of jointed FE models in the framework of the floating frame of reference formulation.
Authors: Witteveen Wolfgang , Irschik Hans 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn multibody systems (MBS), where elastic bodies are represented in the frame work of the ‘floating frame of reference formulation’ (FFRF), structural deformation is usually computed by the superposition of time invariant trial vectors (commonly called ‘modes’). However, the mode bases, which are discussed in the literature, do not take joints into special account at the stage of mode generation. In the presented paper we propose a problem–oriented extension of classical mode bases in order to consider the presence of joints. In the novel extension which we call ‘Joint Interface Modes’ (JIMs), Newton's 3rd law across the joint is taken into account at the stage of mode generation, which leads to a superior convergence at the stage of mode based computation. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The Mechanical Stability for the Hand‐Arm System
Authors: Pop Aurora Felicia , Trutą A. , Arghir Mariana 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe present paper contains a study regarding importance stability in the mechanical systems, mechanical systems are emerging under mechanical vibrations action, it referring especially to the human hand–arm system. Mechanical systems stability is directly influenced of the dumper and the elasticity factors. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Simulation of Buckling‐Induced Failure in Composite Laminates
Authors: Balzani Claudio , Wagner Werner 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis contribution presents a simple model for the analysis of buckling–induced failure in thin–walled composite laminates in the framework of the finite element method. The plies are modeled with shear deformable geometrically non–linear four–node shell elements which are layered according to the classical laminate theory. Shear locking effects are reduced via the well–known assumed natural strains (ANS) approach. A ply discount model is applied for the successive failure of the plies. The cohesive zone approach which is implemented in so–called interface elements is employed for delamination. The failure processes are history dependent leading to non–recurring stiffness degradation in areas where damage is detected. A numerical example with experimental evidence highlights the performance and applicability of the proposed model. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Soil‐structure interaction of tunnel‐structures under consideration of far‐ and near‐field effects
Authors: Müller Gerhard , Buchschmid Martin , Seipelt Siegfried , Müller Kai 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe response of a tunnel structure under a moving and oscillating dynamic load can be calculated by means of a hybrid Integral–Transformation–Method–FEM approach. In the ITM approach analytical solutions of ideal geometries of the infinite continuum are superposed such that the wave–number impedance and transfer–function at the interior of a circular tunnel can be calculated efficiently. By this means the infinite continuum can be coupled to an arbitrary tunnel structure which is modelled by the FEM with corresponding form–functions. In order to reduce the effort for the coupling, the characteristics of the analytically given transfer–functions which can be split into near– and far–fields is taken into account. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Instability of Statical Solutions of Steel 2D Frames in High Temperature
Authors: Pilśniak Jerzy 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis work is intended as an attempt to stability analysis of static equations of flat steel frames in fire. High temperature during fire adversely affects on structural steel elements by activating irreversible processes (plasticity, creep). Rheological property can be described in simplified form by power term. Steel properties is represented by physical equations which contains three terms: linear (elasticity), nonlinear and rheological (related to creep). (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Efficient Finite Element Analysis of Inelastic Structures with Iterative Solvers
Authors: Quint Karsten J. , Hartmann Stefan , Tebbens Jurjen Duintjer , Meister Andreas 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis article treats the efficient solution of linear systems of equations which arise during the iterative process within the finite element analysis of inelastic structures. For the finite element analysis high order time integration methods and diagonally implicit Runge–Kutta methods (DIRK), in combination with an inexact Multilevel–Newton algorithm (MLNA) are applied. Up to 80% of the total computation time is spent by the solver for the linear systems, which suggests investigating this process. Two simple strategies to speed up the solution of the linear systems are described. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Goal‐oriented mesh adaptation for FE‐vibration analyses of shell‐like structures
Authors: Kizio Stephan , Schweizerhof Karl 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe well–known semidiscrete approach in structural dynamics consists of two steps. First the discretization of the spatial domain using finite elements is performed. In the second step the numerical integration of the resulting system of ordinary differential equations is executed. The numerical schemes in both discretization steps contribute to the total discretization error. In this contribution the focus is on the spatial discretization error and on efficient strategies for error assessment and error reduction by goal–oriented mesh adaptation schemes. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)