bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of multimorbidity and functional limitation on quality of life in patients with heart failure: A multi‐site study
Authors: Manemann Sheila M. , Hade Erinn M. , Haller Irina V. , Horne Benjamin D. , Benziger Catherine P. , Lampert Brent C. , Rasmusson Kismet D. , Roger Veronique L. , Weston Susan A. , Killian Jill M. , Chamberlain Alanna M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundMultimorbidity and functional limitation are associated with poor outcomes in heart failure (HF). However, the individual and combined effect of these on health‐related quality of life in patients with HF is not well understood.MethodsPatients aged ≥30 years with two or more HF diagnostic codes and one or more HF‐related prescription drugs from four U.S. institutions were mailed a survey to measure patient‐centric factors including functional status (activities of daily living [ADLs]) and health‐related quality of life (PROMIS‐29 Health Profile). Patients with HF from January 1, 2013 to February 1, 2018 were included. Multimorbidity was defined as ≥2 non‐cardiovascular comorbidities; functional limitation as any limitation in at least one of eight ADLs. Patients were categorized into four groups by multimorbidity (Yes/No) and functional limitation (Yes/No). We dichotomized the PROMIS‐29 sub‐scale scores at the median and calculated odd ratios for the four multimorbidity/functional limitation groups.ResultsA total of 3330 patients with HF returned the survey (response rate 31%); 3020 completed the questions of interest and were retained. Among these patients (45% female; mean age 73 [standard deviation: 12] years), 29% had neither multimorbidity nor functional limitation, 24% had multimorbidity only, 22% had functional limitation only, and 25% had both. After adjustment, having functional limitation only was associated with higher anxiety (odds ratio [OR]: 3.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.66–4.45), depression (OR: 3.11, 95% CI: 2.39–4.06), and fatigue (OR: 4.19, 95% CI: 3.25–5.40); worse sleep (OR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.69–2.72) and pain (OR: 6.73, 95% CI: 5.15–8.78); and greater difficulty with social activities (OR: 9.40, 95% CI: 7.19–12.28) compared with having neither. Results were similar for having both multimorbidity and functional limitation.ConclusionPatients with only functional limitation have similar poor health‐related quality of life scores as those with both multimorbidity and functional limitation, underscoring the important role that physical functioning plays in the well‐being of patients with HF.
Open‐label topical application of tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate and acetyl zingerone containing serum improves the appearance of photoaging and uneven pigmentation
Authors: Min Mildred , Pérez Damonte Silvia H. , Sivamani Raja K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundSkin photoaging and uneven pigmentation are common dermatological concerns. Tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate (THDA) and acetyl zingerone (AZ) are potent antioxidants that have been shown to have anti‐photoaging and anti‐pigmentation effects. THDA is a more stable and penetrable form of vitamin C. AZ is an antioxidant derived from ginger which has clinical evidence for improving photoaging. However, no studies have assessed how they may synergistically act on the skin.AimsThis study aims to assess whether a serum containing both THDA and AZ can improve photoaging and the appearance of uneven facial pigmentation.Patients/MethodsThis open‐label study was conducted on 35 healthy individuals aged 21–55. All subjects were instructed to use three to five drops of the topical serum (Power‐C Serum, Image Skincare, Lantana, FL) daily for 12 weeks. Videomicroscopy and high‐resolution photography and various skin biophysical measurements were taken at baseline, 1, 4, and 12 weeks. Outcomes included skin tone and pigmentation, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin smoothness, firmness, and elasticity.ResultsCompared to baseline, the results at 12 weeks revealed significant decreases in skin pigmentation (p < 0.0001), decreased fine lines and wrinkles (p < 0.0001), and increased smoothness (p < 0.0001), firmness (p < 0.0001), and elasticity (p < 0.0001). Additionally, transepidermal water loss was significantly decreased at 4 weeks compared to baseline (p = 0.01), indicating an increased epidermal barrier integrity.ConclusionsOverall, these findings provide evidence for the combined use of THDA and AZ to address skin photoaging and dyspigmentation changes.
Examining the implications of work–nonwork demand congruence
Authors: Hockensmith Kirby , Ragsdale Jennifer M. , Fonseca Rose 
Published: April 2024

AbstractExamining the implications of excessive work demands on employee well‐being is an important research area of occupational health psychology. Recovery during nonwork time has been emphasized as an important process for mitigating the negative implications of excessive work demands. However, this notion ignores the potential for nonwork activities to be comparably demanding to work activities. There has been a lack of attention paid to the potentially complex interrelationships between work and nonwork demands. Using the effort–recovery and challenge–hindrance stressor models, we developed a set of hypotheses for both the positive and negative implications of the interplay between employee work and nonwork cognitive demands. We collected information on cognitive workweek job demands (Friday) and nonwork cognitive weekend demands (Sunday) from a sample of workers (N = 146), and we used polynomial regression with response surface analysis to examine how different aspects of work–nonwork cognitive demand (in)congruence related to Monday work engagement. In general, higher cognitive workweek job demands promoted work engagement, even when nonwork cognitive demands were equally high. Cognitive demand incongruence that favoured higher cognitive work demands was also beneficial for employee work engagement. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, along with directions for future research in this area.
Climate‐related naturally occurring epimutation and their roles in plant adaptation in A. thaliana
Authors: Chen Bowei , Wang Min , Guo Yile , Zhang Zihui , Zhou Wei , Cao Lesheng , Zhang Tianxu , Ali Shahid , Xie Linan , Li Yuhua , Zinta Gaurav , Sun Shanwen , Zhang Qingzhu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDNA methylation has been proposed to be an important mechanism that allows plants to respond to their environments sometimes entirely uncoupled from genetic variation. To understand the genetic basis, biological functions and climatic relationships of DNA methylation at a population scale in Arabidopsis thaliana, we performed a genome‐wide association analysis with high‐quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and found that ~56% on average, especially in the CHH sequence context (71%), of the differentially methylated regions (DMRs) are not tagged by SNPs. Among them, a total of 3235 DMRs are significantly associated with gene expressions and potentially heritable. 655 of the 3235 DMRs are associated with climatic variables, and we experimentally verified one of them, HEI10 (HUMAN ENHANCER OF CELL INVASION NO.10). Such epigenetic loci could be subjected to natural selection thereby affecting plant adaptation, and would be expected to be an indicator of accessions at risk. We therefore incorporated these climate‐related DMRs into a gradient forest model, and found that the natural A. thaliana accessions in Southern Europe that may be most at risk under future climate change. Our findings highlight the importance of integrating DNA methylation that is independent of genetic variations, and climatic data to predict plants' vulnerability to future climate change.
Metaphors of Sin and Disability in Augustine's Anti‐Pelagian Writings
Authors: Kundu Tanya 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article examines Augustine's use of theological metaphor in his anti‐Pelagian writings. Drawing on disability studies in theology and literary theory, it explores how Augustine uses metaphors of disability to provide a material anchor for his concept of sin in Nature and Grace and The Grace of Christ and Original Sin. However, the article proffers that in The Nature and Origin of the Soul, Augustine offers us a model of apophatic theological metaphor which might benefit our figurative theological landscape for conceptualising sin. This latter metaphorical mode might be seen as being congruent with the priorities of contemporary disability theology, and provides a method to disrupt the analogy between sin and disability. The article finally uses these tools to re‐examine the story of Bartimaeus in Luke's gospel with a redistributed hermeneutic, and argues for the pastoral benefits of a more underdetermined approach to our concept of sin.
Intensive care nurses' perceptions and awareness of delirium and delirium prevention guidelines
Authors: Meghani Salima , Timmins Fiona 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundDelirium is an acute and fluctuating disturbance of cognition and is a common occurrence in critically ill patients. It is a manifestation of an acute brain dysfunction often attributed to higher survival rates and a subsequently aging population. Intensive Care Unit (ICU) treatment and survival often contributes towards development of delirium, and lack of or inappropriate management can translate into the development of long‐term psychological effects that last even after discharge. While a lot is already known about this topic, and several assessment tools exist, these are not being consistently used by ICU nurses and as a result delirium often goes unrecognized, with unwarranted consequences.AimsThe study aimed to explore the perception of delirium among ICU nurses, and the extent of their awareness about guidelines to assess and prevent delirium in ICU patients. It also sought to understand the application of delirium guidelines in ICU practice.Study DesignA quantitative, exploratory, self‐reporting survey was conducted among 145 ICU nurses from one critical care unit in the Republic of Ireland.ResultsThe overall response rate was 71% (103/145). Most nurses (85%) who participated in this survey believed delirium was expected. However, only 45% acknowledged it is a complication. Only 31% of nurses monitored delirium using a validated scale and few observed this as a part of routine care. Most nurses had received education; however, this did not translate to their clinical practice.ConclusionsGuidelines on managing delirium may not be routinely implemented in the ICU settings of hospitals in the Republic of Ireland.Relevance to Clinical PracticeAs the findings suggest, a gap exists between theory and practice, necessary revision of policy or creating a new policy, supplemental educational sessions such as bedside sessions, e‐learning module, study day or seminars need to be organized to improve nurses' awareness related to delirium and delirium prevention guidelines.
Mandibular molar protraction: A comparison between fixed functional appliances and temporary anchorage devices
Authors: Alshehri Abdulrahman , Abu Arqub Sarah , Betlej Anna , Chhibber Aditya , Yadav Sumit , Upadhyay Madhur 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionThis study aimed to compare the efficiency of temporary anchorage devices (TADs) and fixed functional appliances (FFAs) for mandibular molar protraction.MethodsOrthodontic records of 1050 consecutively treated patients with molar protraction were screened. Thirty‐six records (22 females and 14 males; mean age, 17.4 years) were divided into two groups: TAD (21 subjects with 25 edentulous spaces) and FFA (15 subjects with 24 edentulous spaces). The primary outcome measure was the efficiency of protraction [magnitude and time required for protraction (rate) and anchor loss (AL)]. The secondary outcomes involved measuring the type of tooth movement (TOTM), external apical root resorption (EARR), alveolar bone height change (ABHC), alveolar bone width change (ABWC) and appliance failure.ResultsThe rate of tooth movement was significantly higher for FFAs (0.83 ± 0.35 mm/month) versus TADs (0.49 ± 0.2 mm/month) (P = .005). Total treatment duration was less for FFAs (34.78 ± 8.1 months) versus TADs (47.72 ± 13.94 months) (P = .002). TOTM was similar for both (P = .909). EARR was 1.42 ± 1.38 mm for TAD and 1.25 ± 0.88 mm for FFA (P = .81). ABHC increased in the FFA group (1.01 ± 3.62 mm) and decreased for the TAD group (0.68 ± 1.66 mm). ABWC increased for both TAD (1.81 ± 1.73 mm) and FFA (1.75 ± 1.35 mm). The failure rate was 50% for FFAs and 33% for TADs.ConclusionsBoth systems provided translation of lower molars with comparable anchorage control. However, FFAs were more efficient than TADs for lower molar protraction.
Prostaglandin E‐induced polycyclic cutaneous eruption with geometric features
Authors: Shah Ananya , El‐Feghaly Jinia , Bender Alexandra M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProstaglandin E1 (PGE1) is a substance produced by the patent ductus arteriosus that keeps it open. PGE1 can be a lifesaving drug for infants born with ductus‐dependent congenital heart disease (CHD) where there is a block of blood flow to the lungs or transposition of great arteries. We present a case of a 36‐week, 2‐day gestation neonate with CHD who developed bright erythematous annular and polycyclic patches on day 2 of PGE1 administration. When PGE1 dosing was decreased, the rash resolved on its own. Our case demonstrates that PGE1 treatment may not need to be interrupted.
Phototherapy for vitiligo: A narrative review on the clinical and molecular aspects, and recent literature
Authors: Bishnoi Anuradha , Parsad Davinder 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundVitiligo is characterized by depigmented patches resulting from loss of melanocytes. Phototherapy has emerged as a prominent treatment option for vitiligo, utilizing various light modalities to induce disease stability and repigmentation.Aims and MethodsThis narrative review aims to explore the clinical applications and molecular mechanisms of phototherapy in vitiligo.Results and DiscussionThe review evaluates existing literature on phototherapy for vitiligo, analyzing studies on hospital‐based and home‐based phototherapy, as well as outcomes related to stabilization and repigmentation. Narrowband ultra‐violet B, that is, NBUVB remains the most commonly employed, studied and effective phototherapy modality for vitiligo. Special attention is given to assessing different types of lamps, dosimetry, published guidelines, and the utilization of targeted phototherapy modalities. Additionally, the integration of phototherapy with other treatment modalities, including its use as a depigmenting therapy in generalized/universal vitiligo, is discussed. Screening for anti‐nuclear antibodies and tailoring approaches for non‐photo‐adapters are also examined.ConclusionIn conclusion, this review provides a comprehensive overview of phototherapy for vitiligo treatment. It underscores the evolving landscape of phototherapy and offers insights into optimizing therapeutic outcomes and addressing the challenges ahead. By integrating clinical evidence with molecular understanding, phototherapy emerges as a valuable therapeutic option for managing vitiligo, with potential for further advancements in the field.
Populus euphratica has stronger regrowth ability than Populus pruinosa under salinity stress
Authors: Huang Zongdi , Zhai Juntuan , Li Zhijun , Yu Lei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPest infestation and soil salinization levels are increasing due to climate change. Comprehending plant regrowth after insect damage and salinity stress is crucial to understanding climate change's multifactorial impacts on forest ecosystems. This study examined Populus euphratica and P. pruinosa regrowth after different defoliation levels combined with salinity stress. Specifically, the biomass and regrowth ability, non‐structural carbohydrate (NSC) and nitrogen (N) pools in different organs and the whole plant, and the leaf Cl− concentration of both poplars were analyzed. Our results showed that after 50% defoliation and no salt addition, the regrowth of both species recovered similarly to the control level, while their regrowth was about 70% after 90% defoliation. However, under salinity stress, the regrowth (% leaf biomass) of P. euphratica was significantly higher than P. pruinose at either the 50% or 90% defoliation levels. Additionally, P. euphratica had more soluble sugar, starch, NSC and N pools in leaf, stem, root and whole plant than P. pruinose under salinity stress. The regrowth based on leaf biomass increased linearly with soluble sugar, starch, NSC and N pools, and decreased linearly with leaf Cl− concentration across different salinity and defoliation levels. These results indicated that defoliation significantly decreased NSC and N pools, limiting the growth of both poplars, and salinity stress exacerbated the negative effect. Furthermore, when suffering from salinity stress, P. euphratica with higher NSC and N pools exhibited stronger regrowth ability than P. pruinose.
The role of formal, informal, and family credit in the business performance of young entrepreneurs in Benin
Authors: Nadege Djossou Gbetoton , Jacob Novignon , Araar Abdelkrim 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis research estimated the impact of credit uptake (formal, informal, and family) on youth entrepreneurship performance in Benin using panel data from a World Bank survey on enterprise formalization. To address potential endogeneity and ensure the robustness of results, we employed multiple models and estimation techniques (fixed‐effects and Lewbel approach). Our results showed that, while formal credit was most important for larger firms, smaller firms benefited mainly from flexible (informal or family) credit. The impact of credit uptake was generally higher for female‐owned firms. There were also variations in uptake according to the firm owner's age. The impact of formal credit was relatively higher for older firm owners while informal credit impacted more younger owners. The findings highlight the importance of informal and family credit sources, especially for start‐ups and small firms.
Exploring the Multidimensional Model of Leadership Through the Lens of Coaches: An Examination of the Relationship Between Personality, Leader Behaviors, and the Coach–Athlete Relationship
Authors: Anderson Shelby N. , Harenberg Sebastian , Nieto Maggie , Vosloo Justine 
Published: April 2024

The Multidimensional Model of Leadership hypothesizes that leader personality characteristics impact leader behaviors, which in turn influence collective and individual outcomes. While the Multidimensional Model of Leadership has received substantial research attention over the past four decades, the full hypothesis including antecedents, throughputs, and outputs has rarely been tested in one study. Hence, the purpose of the present study was to test the relationship between adaptive and maladaptive personality characteristics (i.e., perfectionism and passion), leader behaviors, and the coach–athlete relationship in college coaches. National Collegiate Athletic Association coaches (N = 380) completed the Sport Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale-2, the Passion Scale, the Leadership Scale for Sports, and the Coach–Athlete Relationship Questionnaire. Structural equation modeling revealed that perfectionism and passion accounted for 65% of the variance for leader behaviors. Specifically, adaptive dimensions of perfectionism and passion positively predicted leader behaviors, whereas maladaptive dimensions of perfectionism negatively predicted leader behaviors. Furthermore, leader behaviors explained over half the variance of the coach–athlete relationship. The results provide support for the Multidimensional Model of Leadership from the perspective of sport coaches. Applied implications for coaches and sport psychology practitioners are discussed.
Alternative models to support weight loss in chronic musculoskeletal conditions: effectiveness of a physiotherapist-delivered intensive diet programme for knee osteoarthritis, the POWER randomised controlled trial
Authors: Allison Kim , Jones Sarah , Hinman Rana S , Pardo Jesse , Li Peixuan , DeSilva Anurika , Quicke Jonathan George , Sumithran Priya , Prendergast Jodie , George Elena , Holden Melanie A , Foster Nadine E , Bennell Kim L 
Published: April 2024

ObjectivesTo determine if physiotherapists can deliver a clinically effective very low energy diet (VLED) supplementary to exercise in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and overweight or obesity.Methods88 participants with knee OA and body mass index (BMI) >27 kg/m2were randomised to either intervention (n=42: VLED including two daily meal replacement products supplementary to control) or control (n=46: exercise). Both interventions were delivered by unblinded physiotherapists via six videoconference sessions over 6 months. The primary outcome was the percentage change in body weight at 6 months, measured by a blinded assessor. Secondary outcomes included BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, self-reported measures of pain, function, satisfaction and perceived global change, and physical performance tests.ResultsThe intervention group lost a mean (SD) of 8.1% (5.2) body weight compared with 1.0% (3.2) in the control group (mean (95% CI) between-group difference 7.2% (95% CI 5.1 to 9.3), p<0.001), with significantly lower BMI and waist circumference compared with control group at follow-up. 76% of participants in the intervention group achieved ≥5% body weight loss and 37% acheived ≥10%, compared with 12% and 0%, respectively, in the control group. More participants in the intervention group (27/38 (71.1%)) reported global knee improvement than in the control group (20/42 (47.6%)) (p=0.02). There were no between-group differences in any other secondary outcomes. No serious adverse events were reported.ConclusionA VLED delivered by physiotherapists achieved clinically relevant weight loss and was safe for people with knee OA who were overweight or obese. The results have potential implications for future service models of care for OA and obesity.Trial registration numberNIH, US National Library of Medicine, Clinicaltrials.govNCT04733053(1 February 2021).