bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffuse malignant mesothelioma of the peritoneum
Authors: Nonaka Daisuke , Kusamura Shigeki , Baratti Dario , Casali Paolo , Cabras Antonello Domenico , Younan Rami , Rosai Juan , Deraco Marcello 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn the current study, the authors report the clinicopathologic features of patients with peritoneal diffuse malignant mesothelioma (DMM) who were treated in a uniform fashion at a single institution to assess prognostic factors.METHODSThirty‐five patients were treated with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion (IPHP). The tumors were classified into epithelial, sarcomatoid, and biphasic types. Immunohistochemistry stains were performed for calretinin, WT‐1, pCEA, Ber‐EP4, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), p16, matrix metalloprotease‐2 (MMP‐2), and MMP‐9. Statistical correlation was evaluated for age, gender, completeness of cytoreduction (CC), tumor histotype, mitotic count (MC), necrosis, nuclear grade (NG), and biologic markers with regard to overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS).RESULTSThe patient group was comprised of 15 men and 20 women with a median age of 52 years (range, 24–73 yrs). Twenty‐five patients underwent optimal cytoreduction. There were 32 epithelial tumors and 3 biphasic tumors, and 3 patients had an NG of 1, 19 had an NG of 2, and 13 had an NG of 3. The mean MC was 14.1 (range, 0–160 per 50 high‐power fields). Necrosis was present in 11 cases. All the tumors were found to be positive for calretinin and WT‐1 and were negative for pCEA and Ber‐EP4. The NG and MC were found to be significantly associated with OS (P = 0.02 and P = 0.01, respectively) whereas CC was found to be associated with both OS (P = 0.05) and PFS (P = 0.03). No biologic markers were found to be of prognostic significance.CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study indicate that NG, MC, and CC may be useful prognostic factors in patients treated with CRS and IPHP. The expression of EGFR, MMP‐2, and MMP‐9 and absent and/or reduced expression of p16 in DMMs confirms the results of previous studies suggesting their role in tumor pathogenesis and kinetics. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
The pluripotency homeobox gene NANOG is expressed in human germ cell tumors
Authors: Hart Adam H. , Hartley Lynne , Parker Karen , Ibrahim Marilyn , Looijenga Leendert H.J. , Pauchnik Marija , Chow Chung Wo , Robb Lorraine 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe NANOG gene, a member of the homeobox family of DNA binding transcription factors, was recently identified in a screen for pluripotency‐promoting genes. NANOG overexpression in murine embryonic stem cells is sufficient to maintain self‐renewal and to block differentiation. The NANOG gene is located on human chromosome 12p13, a region frequently duplicated in human tumors of germ cell origin and in cultured human embryonic stem cells. Here we investigate the expression and gene copy number of NANOG in human germ cells and tumors of germ cell origin.METHODSImmunohistochemistry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) were used to examine the expression and gene copy number of the human NANOG gene in germ cell tumors.RESULTSNANOG protein was detected in germline stem cells (gonocytes) within the developing testis. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative real‐time PCR analysis were used to demonstrate that NANOG is highly and specifically expressed in carcinoma in situ (CIS), embryonal carcinomas, and seminomas, but not in teratomas and yolk sac tumors.CONCLUSIONSNANOG expression in germline stem cells (gonocytes), CIS, embryonal carcinoma, and seminoma reveals a molecular and developmental link between germ cell tumors and the embryonic cells from which they arise. Identification of NANOG as a molecular marker of undifferentiated germ cell tumors provides a novel tool for identifying and classifying tumors of germ cell origin. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Molecular pathogenesis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Arnold Christian N. , Goel Ajay , Blum Hubert E. , Richard Boland C. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractColorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer‐related death in both men and woman in industrialized countries. Major advances have been made in our understanding of molecular events leading to formation of adenomatous polyps and cancer. Most colorectal cancers are sporadic, but a significant proportion (5–6%) has a clear genetic background. It is now widely accepted that colorectal carcinogenesis is a multistep process involving the inactivation of a variety of tumor‐suppressor and DNA‐repair genes and simultaneous activation of certain oncogenes. In addition, epigenetic alterations through aberrant promoter methylation and histone modification have been found to play a major role in the evolution and progression of a large proportion of sporadic colon cancers. Consequently, it is now apparent that individual colorectal cancers may evolve through diverse molecular pathways. In this article, the authors have summarized the current knowledge of molecular pathogenesis in common hereditary syndromes and sporadic forms of colorectal cancer. Novel molecular diagnostic tools for the early diagnosis and prevention of colorectal cancer that have emerged from these insights are discussed. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Synthesis of Functionalized 2‐Alkylidene‐tetrahydrofurans Based on a [3+2] Cyclization/Bromination/Palladium(0) Cross‐Coupling Strategy
Authors: Bellur Esen , Langer Peter 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe bromination of 2‐alkylidene‐tetrahydrofurans and 2‐alkylidene‐pyrrolidines — readily available through one‐pot [3+2] cyclization reactions — afforded 2‐alkylidene‐1′‐bromotetrahydrofurans, 2‐alkylidene‐3‐bromotetrahydrofurans and 2‐alkylidene‐1′,3‐dibromotetrahydrofurans and their pyrrolidine counterparts. 2‐Alkylidene‐1′‐bromotetrahydrofurans were functionalized by performing Suzuki and Heck reactions. 2‐Alkylidene‐1′,3‐dibromotetrahydrofurans were successfully employed in novel double‐Suzuki reactions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Enantioselective Organocatalysis in Ionic Liquids: Addition of Aliphatic Aldehydes and Ketones to Diethyl Azodicarboxylate
Authors: Kotrusz Peter , Alemayehu Sara , Toma Štefan , Schmalz Hans‐Günther , Adler Andreas 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe enantioselective addition of aldehydes to diethyl azodicarboxylate in ionic liquids in the presence of chiralorganocatalysts has been investigated. Of seven differentorganocatalysts tested, L‐proline and L‐thiazoline‐2‐carboxylic acid gave the highest enantioselectivities (up to 94 % ee). The best results were obtained by using [bmim]PF6 and [hmim]BF4 as ionic liquids. The scope of the methodology was probed by using various aldehydes and ketones. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
SSRIs and cognitive performance in a working sample
Authors: Wadsworth Emma J. K. , Moss Susanna C. , Simpson Sharon A. , Smith Andrew P. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBackgroundStudies of the impact of antidepressant use on cognitive performance have frequently been carried out among the elderly or on healthy volunteers. Comparatively little research has considered their impact on a relatively young, working population, particularly within the context of everyday life.AimsTo examine any association between SSRI use and cognitive performance, mood and human error at work.MethodsSSRI users and controls completed a battery of laboratory based computer tasks measuring mood and cognitive function pre‐ and post‐work at the start and end of a working week. They also completed daily diaries reporting their work performance.ResultsSSRI use was associated with memory impairment: specifically poorer episodic, though not working or semantic memory. Effects of SSRI use on recognition memory seemed to vary according to the underlying psychopathology, while effects on delayed recall were most pronounced among those whose symptoms had not (yet) resolved. There were no detrimental effects on psychomotor speed, attention, mood or perceived human error at work.ConclusionsThe findings lend support to the SSRIs comparative safety, even among workers, particularly as the symptoms of the underlying psychopathology are successfully addressed. Possible memory impairments may, however, be found in those taking SSRIs. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hamartin and tuberin: Working together for tumour suppression
Authors: Jozwiak Jaroslaw 
Published: October 2005

AbstractTSC1 and TSC2 are two recently identified tumour suppressor genes encoding hamartin and tuberin, respectively, and involved in pathogenesis of tuberous sclerosis, neurological disorder connected with the development of hamartomas in numerous organ systems, including the brain, kidneys, heart and liver. Both protein products of TSC1 and TSC2 form an intracellular complex exerting GTPase‐activating (GAP) activity towards a small G protein, Ras homologue enriched in brain (Rheb). Inhibition of Rheb is important for the regulation of mTOR pathway, while mutation of hamartin or tuberin results in uncontrolled cell cycle progression. Tuberin, possessing the Rheb‐GAP domain, is phosphorylated by several kinases that confer the signals of growth factor stimulation or low cellular energy levels. Such a modification of tuberin influences its activity within the complex with hamartin and positively or negatively modulates mTOR‐regulated protein translation and cellular proliferation. Current article describes biochemical properties of hamartin and tuberin, their known regulatory phosphorylation sites and binding partners. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Periodontal growth factors and tissue carriers: Biocompatibility and mitogenic efficacy in vitro
Authors: Cesari Claudio , Gatto Maria Rosaria , Malucelli Francesco , Raspanti Mario , Zucchelli Giovanni , Checchi Luigi 
Published: October 2005

AbstractClinical research has long been testing techniques of integrating biomaterials with many external factors, such as simple proteins or more complicated devices, in order to achieve the restitutio ad integrum of periodontium. This study assessed the in vitro effectiveness of platelet derivate growth factor‐BB (PDGF) and insulin growth factor I (IGF); the biocompatibility of materials like Paroguide, Oclastim membranes, Gingistat sponges, Surgiplaster, and Capset; and their efficacy as carriers for the platelet derivate growth factor‐BB (PDGF) and insulin growth factor I (IGF). Fibroblasts from the human periodontal ligament were incubated with growth factors free or vehiculated. Mitogenic effect was evaluated by measuring the growth rate and biocompatibility by observing cell morphology at SEM. PDGF was the most effective in stimulating cell proliferation both in solution (p < 0.001) and vehiculated (p < 0.01). Surgiplaster and Capset were more biocompatible; however, final analysis to assess their efficacy as carriers failed to disclose significant differences between experimental findings and control. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006
Interaction of PP2A catalytic subunit with Rb2/p130 is required for all‐trans retinoic acid suppression of ovarian carcinoma cell growth
Authors: Purev Enkhtsetseg , Giordano Antonio , Soprano Dianne Robert , Soprano Kenneth J. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractAll‐transretinoic acid (ATRA) treatment causes CAOV3 ovarian carcinoma cells to growth arrest in the G0/G1 phase and to elevate the level of Rb2/p130 protein. PP2A, a serine/threonine phosphatase, binds and dephosphorylates Rb2/p130, thereby increasing the half‐life of Rb2/p130 in the cell. In order to further characterize the interaction between Rb2/p130 and PP2A upon ATRA treatment, we examined the posttranslational modification of PP2A. ATRA treatment leads to hypophosphorylation of PP2A catalytic subunit (PP2Ac) that correlates with increased PP2A activity. In addition, the N‐terminus of PP2Acbinds directly to NLS sequences located in the C‐terminus of Rb2/p130. Furthermore, CAOV3 cells transfected with a truncated Rb2/p130 construct consisting of only the wt C‐terminus grew more aggressively and were less sensitive to ATRA treatment when compared to parental CAOV3 cells. In contrast, CAOV3 cells transfected with a truncated Rb2/p130 construct consisting of only the C‐terminus in which the NLS sites were mutated and which could not interact with PP2A, were as sensitive to ATRA treatment as parental CAOV3 cells. These studies suggest that ATRA treatment suppresses the growth of CAOV3 cells via a novel posttranscriptional mechanism involving PP2A. J. Cell. Physiol. 206: 495–502, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Developmental maturation of intestinal and renal thiamin uptake: Studies in wild‐type and transgenic mice carrying human THTR‐1 and 2 promoters
Authors: Reidling Jack C. , Nabokina Svetlana M. , Balamurugan Krishnaswamy , Said Hamid M. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThiamin (B1) is an essential micronutrient for normal growth and development. Mammals obtain thiamin through intestinal absorption, while in the kidney thiamin is reabsorbed to prevent its loss in the urine, both processes are specialized, carrier‐mediated and involve thiamin transporters‐1 and 2 (THTR‐1 and THTR‐2, respectively; products of the SLC19A2 and SLC19A3 genes). Although thiamin appears to play an important role in neonatal growth, little is currently known about the possible regulation of intestinal and renal thiamin uptake during developmental maturation. We addressed these issues by examining intestinal and renal thiamin uptake and expression of THTR‐1 and THTR‐2 during early stages of life. We utilized wild‐type mice (mice express orthologues of both thiamin transporters) and transgenic mice expressing human SLC19A2 or SLC19A3 promoter‐reporter transgenes as a model system and examined carrier‐mediated thiamin uptake, mTHTR‐1 and 2 protein and mRNA levels and luciferase activity in suckling (13 days), weanling (25–27 days), and adult (60–65 days) mice. Carrier‐mediated thiamin uptake by jejunal and renal brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) both decreased with maturation (suckling > weanling > adult) and were associated with a reduction in mTHTR‐1 and mTHTR‐2 protein, mRNA levels, and the activity of human SLC19A2 and SLC19A3 promoter‐reporter constructs in the intestines and kidneys of transgenic mice. These results are the first to demonstrate that intestinal and renal thiamin uptake are developmentally regulated during early stages of life, mediated through mTHTR‐1 and mTHTR‐2, and suggest the possible involvement of transcriptional regulatory mechanism(s) in this regulation. J. Cell. Physiol. 206: 371–377, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ki‐67 protein is associated with ribosomal RNA transcription in quiescent and proliferating cells
Authors: Bullwinkel Jörn , Baron‐Lühr Bettina , Lüdemann Anja , Wohlenberg Claudia , Gerdes Johannes , Scholzen Thomas 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe nuclear Ki‐67 protein (pKi‐67) has previously been shown to be exclusively expressed in proliferating cells. As a result, antibodies against this protein are widely used as prognostic tools in cancer diagnostics. Here we show, that despite the strong downregulation of pKi‐67 expression in non‐proliferating cells, the protein can nevertheless be detected at sites linked to ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis. Although this finding does not argue against the use of pKi‐67 as a proliferation marker, it has wide ranging implications for the elucidation of pKi‐67 function. Employing the novel antibody TuBB‐9, we could further demonstrate that also in proliferating cells, a fraction of pKi‐67 is found at sites linked to the rRNA transcription machinery during interphase and mitosis. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays provided evidence for a physical association of pKi‐67 with chromatin of the promoter and transcribed region of the rRNA gene cluster. These data strongly suggest a role for pKi‐67 in the early steps of rRNA synthesis. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in separation techniques: Recent trends in phosphorus speciation
Authors: Shah Monika , Caruso Joseph A. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractInductively coupled plasma‐MS (ICP‐MS) and its combined use with molecular mass spectrometric techniques have become the most promising detection techniques in speciation studies. High sensitivity and element specificity of ICP‐MS has the advantage of detecting trace amounts of the species of interest in complex matrices. This review is divided into two parts. In the first part, suitable use of ICP‐MS either online or offline with currently used separation techniques such as HPLC, CE, and gel electrophoresis in speciation analysis is briefly discussed. In the second part, recent applications (1999–2005) of phosphorus speciation is presented to elucidate the importance of ICP‐MS in separation methods and to illustrate its importance in nonmetal detection.
New hyphenated methodologies in high‐sensitivity glycoprotein analysis
Authors: Novotny Milos V. , Mechref Yehia 
Published: October 2005

AbstractHigh‐sensitivity glycoprotein analyses are of particular interest in modern biomedical and clinical research, as well as in the development of recombinant protein products. The evolution of new hyphenated methodologies in high‐sensitivity glycoprotein analysis is highlighted in this thematic review. These methodologies include, in particular, capillary LC/MALDI/TOF/TOF MS in conjunction with online permethylation platform, and silica‐based lectin microcolumns interfaced to MS. The potential of these methodologies in glycomic and glycoproteomic analysis is demonstrated for model glycoproteins as well as total glycomes and glycoproteomes derived from biological samples. Additionally, the applications of CE‐MS, CEC, and nanoLC with graphitized carbon in the areas of glycomics and glycoproteomics are described.
Ion–dipole interaction effects in isobutylene‐based ammonium bromide ionomers
Authors: Parent J. Scott , Liskova Andrea , Whitney Ralph A. , Resendes R. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractDilute solution viscosity, solid‐state rheometry, and 1H‐NMR linewidth analyses are used to assess the effect of ion–dipole (R′OH/NRBr−) interactions on the intensity of ion‐pair aggregation within a series of new isobutylene‐based tetraalkylammomium bromide ionomers. While inductive/field effects on hydroxyl group polarization exert no appreciable influence on ionomer properties, sparingly‐soluble, hydrogen‐bonding additives are shown to relieve heightened aggregation by interacting selectively with bound ion‐pairs as opposed to the bulk polymer matrix. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 5671–5679, 2005
Improving mechanical properties and chemical resistance of ink‐jet printer color filter by using diblock polymeric dispersants
Authors: Chang Chi‐Jung , Chang Shinn‐Jen , Shih Kuo‐Chen , Pan Fu‐Lung 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe diblock copolymers of polystyrene and poly(tert‐butyl acrylate) (PSt‐b‐PtBA) with various molecular weights and hydrophobic/hydrophilic (styrene/acrylic acid) chain length were prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Selective hydrolysis of the diblock copolymers (PSt‐b‐PtBA) resulted in amphiphilic block copolymers of polystyrene and poly(acrylic acid) (PSt‐b‐PAA). The amphiphilic block copolymers of PSt‐b‐PAA with average molecular weight (Mn) <7500 were proved to be critical in dispersing the pigments of UV curable ink‐jet inks for manufacturing the color filter. Incorporating DB2 diblock copolymer dispersants with styrene/acrylic acid ratio at 1.5 allowed more UV curable compositions in the red and blue inks without deteriorating pigment dispersing stability and jetting properties of the ink‐jet inks. The ink drops can be precisely ejected into the tiny color area. Better properties of the cured red stripe such as nanoindentation hardness and chemical resistance were found. The competing absorption of UV light by the blue pigment hindered the through cure of monomers near the interface between glass substrate and the blue stripe. This leads to lower hardness and poor chemical resistance of the UV cured blue stripe. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 3337–3353, 2005
New free‐volume‐related activity model for polymer solutions
Authors: Liu Qing Lin , Cheng Zhen Feng 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA new activity model was developed with the use of the Gibbs–Helmholtz relation at constant pressure and composition. This model consists of combinatorial and residual terms. The residual term is the same as that in the UNIQUAC method, but the total area fraction of molecules is introduced on account of the hole effect. The combinatorial part takes into account the free volume (FV) effect, which plays a significant role in polymer systems. The validity of this model is demonstrated by calculating the solvent activities in 36 polymer solutions in comparison with Entropic‐FV (EFV) and UNIFAC‐FV methods. The total average absolute deviations (AAD) from the experimental observations are 8.27, 6.38, and 1.64 for EFV, UNIFAC‐FV, and the present method, respectively. It is found that the fit to these experimental data by the present model is quite good over a wide range of concentration. An estimation of the infinite dilution activity coefficients also proves the validity of the new method. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 3299–3307, 2005
Insecticidal spider venom toxin fused to snowdrop lectin is toxic to the peach‐potato aphid, Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the rice brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)
Authors: Down Rachel E , Fitches Elaine C , Wiles Duncan P , Corti Paola , Bell Howard A , Gatehouse John A , Edwards John P 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe SFI1/GNA fusion protein, comprising of snowdrop lectin (Galanthus nivalis agglutinin, GNA) fused to an insecticidal spider venom neurotoxin (Segestria florentina toxin 1, SFI1) was tested for toxicity against the rice brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) and the peach‐potato aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) by incorporation into artificial diets. Significant effects on the mortality of N. lugens were observed, with 100% of the insects fed on the SFI1/GNA fusion protein diet dead by day 7. The survival of the aphid M. persicae was also reduced when fed on the SFI1/GNA fusion protein. After 14 days, only 49% of the aphids that were fed on the fusion protein were still alive compared with approximately 90% of the aphids fed on the control diet or on diet containing GNA only. The SFI1/GNA fusion protein also slowed the development of M. persicae, and the reproductive capacity of the aphids fed on the SFI1/GNA fusion protein was severely reduced. The ability of GNA to act as a carrier protein, and deliver the SFI1 neurotoxin to the haemolymph of N. lugens, following oral ingestion, was investigated. The successful delivery of intact SFI1/GNA fusion protein to the haemolymph of these insects was shown by western blotting. Haemolymph taken from the insects that were fed on the fusion protein contained two GNA‐immunoreactive proteins of molecular weights corresponding to GNA and to the SFI1/GNA fusion protein. © 2005 British Crown Copyright. Published for SCI by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.