bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of fiber concentration and length on the dielectric, mechanical, and thermal properties of maple wood fiber-reinforced polypropylene
Authors: Basiji Farshid , Erchiqui Fouad , Koubaa Ahmed , Ghasemi Ismaeil 
Published: February 2025

Natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites are gaining popularity due to their sustainability and enhanced properties compared to pure polymers. Recently, these composites have been utilized as dielectric materials. In this study, polypropylene (PP) reinforced with maple wood fibers of different lengths (50, 75, and 100 µm) and various fiber concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) were examined. The effects of fiber length and concentration on the dielectric, mechanical, and thermal properties were investigated. All composites exhibited a higher dielectric constant and conductivity than pure PP, along with a lower loss factor. This suggests that adding maple wood fibers generally enhances the dielectric properties. As fiber concentration increases, the dielectric constant tends to rise while the loss factor tends to decrease. TGA results indicated that adding more fibers reduces thermal stability at low temperatures but increases stability at high temperatures. Mechanical testing revealed an increase in strength but a decrease in elongation. However, fiber length did not significantly impact the mechanical properties. SEM analysis showed a uniform distribution of fibers at 5% weight that improves strength, while a 20% weight leads to clustering that weakens the composite.
Uncovering potential molecular markers and pathological mechanisms of Parkinson's disease and myocardial infarction based on bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Liu Jian , Xing Lu , Lan Tianye , Wang Qiang , Wang Yitong , Chen Xuenan , Zhao Weimin , Sun Liwei 
Published: February 2025

Background The direct association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and Myocardial infarction (MI) has been the subject of relatively limited research. Objective The purpose of this study was to identify the genes most associated with PD and MI to explore their common pathogenesis. Methods The gene expression profiles of PD and MI were downloaded from GEO database. Differential expression analysis was performed to identify the common differential expression genes (DEGs) of PD and MI, followed by functional annotation. Subsequently, protein-protein interaction network were constructed, and hub DEGs were identified based on CytoHubba plugin and LASSO regression analysis. To explore the potential molecular mechanism of hub DEGs, GSEA analysis, immune correlation analysis, drug prediction and molecular docking were performed, and transcription factors (TF) and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks were constructed. Results A total of 48 DEGs with the same expression trend were identified in the MI vs. normal control (NC) and PD vs. NC groups. Functional annotation results showed that the common DEGs were significantly enriched in immune and inflammation-related pathways. RPS4Y1 and UTY were the most relevant hub DEGs for PD and MI, and may be involved in the HALLMARK_MYC_TARGETS_V1 and HALLMARK_PROTEIN_SECRETION pathways. TP63 was a common TF of RPS4Y1 and UTY. The PVT1/KCNQ1OT1-hsa-miR-31-5p-RPS4Y1 and KCNQ1OT1-hsa-let-7a-5p/hsa-miR-19b-3p-UTY axes may play an important role in regulating PD and MI. CYCLOHEXIMIDE and ATALAREN may be potential drugs for the treatment of PD and MI comorbidity. In addition, PD and MI exhibit different patterns of immune cell infiltration and immune function status, which may be related to the specific pathological processes of the disease. Conclusions This study revealed for the first time that RPS4Y1 and UTY may be common biomarkers of PD and MI and may be potential therapeutic targets. This study provides new perspective on the common molecular mechanisms between PD and MI.
Health and well-being of staff in substance use services: The case of Scotland
Authors: Bird Joshua , Henning Sarah 
Published: February 2025

Background: Addressing high rates of drug and alcohol mortality requires a sustained commitment to supporting a resilient and skilled substance use workforce. Employee well-being in wider health and social care has been the subject of much empirical research, however there is a dearth of evidence specific to professionals working in substance use services. Methods: Data were derived from a cross-sectional survey of publicly-funded drug and alcohol services operating in Scotland during autumn 2021. Nested semi-log regression models estimated the associations between workplace characteristics and workforce composition, and the main outcome measure: non-Covid sickness absence. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: 88 services, representing 43% of Scotland's drug and alcohol services, were included in the study. Factors significantly and positively associated with non-Covid sickness absence in multivariable analysis included average caseload per whole-time equivalent and number of whole-time equivalent clinical roles. Descriptive statistics show that vacancy rates and caseloads are comparatively higher in statutory services, and are also higher for clinical than non-clinical positions. Conclusion: This study revealed that and burnout leading to sickness absence are serious issues for frontline staff in drug and alcohol services, and these worsened during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research provides a foundation for validating the current findings via future large-scale longitudinal studies, and improving the well-being of people delivering health and social care services in substance use settings.
A possible solution for noise attenuation material for urban buses: The downtown São Paulo case study
Authors: Monteiro Elvis C , Avila Antonio F 
Published: February 2025

Urban buses, particularly in large cities, are exposed to significant noise pollution. This paper presents a new family of materials at the micro/nano level designed for urban noise attenuation, specifically for application in urban buses. Melamine foam is combined in series with nanomembranes, creating a composite material that functions as a Helmholtz resonator. As sound waves pass over the nanomembranes, they are disturbed, and the sound resonates within the melamine foam. This interaction reduces the energy of the sound waves and enhances the noise absorption coefficient. In ten cases studied, the average sound absorption coefficient was approximately 89%, with peak frequencies ranging from 2400 Hz to 4300 Hz. The average thickness of the nanomembranes was around 5.0 µm, while the melamine foam had a thickness of 13 mm. The mean noise reduction achieved was about 11 dB, which depends on factors such as the morphology, thickness, and pore size of the nanomembranes. A case study conducted in downtown São Paulo demonstrated that applying these materials to urban buses can significantly reduce interior noise levels. Finally, the proposed system is fully scalable and adaptable for various applications where acoustic insulation is required.
How to Use Data Science in Economics – A Classroom Game Based on Cartel Detection
Authors: Wallimann Hannes , Sticher Silvio 
Published: February 2025

Background Conceptual links between economics and modern data science pose challenges for students and lecturers alike. The present article aims to enhance education and training of students and practitioners by integrating modern empirical research skills into their economic competencies. Aim This paper introduces a classroom game designed to simulate real-world economic scenar- ios, enhancing understanding of procurement markets and regulatory roles within society. In addition, the paper provides supporting teaching material in order to implement the game. The incorporation of this classroom game can contribute to the preparation of the next generation of professionals to be better equipped to address challenges in the era of big data. Method Participants’ success in the game’s first two parts hinges on their comprehension of market dynamics. In the third part, drawing from recent literature on machine-learning-based cartel detection, participants analyze whether bid patterns are indicative of collusive (cartel) behavior. In this part of the game, the success of the participants now role-playing as employees of an antitrust authority, depends on data-science skills. Results The classroom game introduced in the present article was implemented with a class of ten students, serving both as a proof of concept and as a means to gain practical insights. The game proves to be a suitable tool for social-science educators to incorporate the interdisciplinary nature of modern economics into their curricula. It is suited for participants with varying levels of data-science expertise. Moreover, it demonstrates how key lessons from scientific articles can 1 be taught in an application-oriented manner, enhancing participants’ ability to apply theoretical knowledge in real-world contexts. Conclusion Incorporating the classroom game presented in this paper into educational curricula supports students in effectively integrating data-science skills with economic reasoning.
Working from home is associated with lower odds of inflation stress Among employed US adults in the Household Pulse Survey
Authors: Bather Jemar R , Pagán José A , Furr-Holden Debra , Goodman Melody S 
Published: February 2025

Background Recent shifts in hybrid working practices have coincided with rising prices, potentially inducing inflation-related stress among employees. Objective To investigate associations between remote work status and self-reported inflation-related stress among employed US adults in an overall sample and stratified by gender identity and race/ethnicity. Methods We pooled data across 15 survey cycles (September 2022-October 2023) from the US Census Bureau Household Pulse Survey. Remote work status was measured as 0, 1–2, 3–4, and 5 + days. Covariates included age, marital status, education, income, number of children, employment sector, region, and survey cycle. Results The weighted sample comprised 48,686,575 individuals (0 days = 24%, 1–2 days = 23%, 3–4 days = 15%, and 5 + days = 38%), with 93% who self-reported stress related to inflation. Among the overall sample, employed individuals working remotely for 5 + days (adjusted OR [aOR] 0.87, 95% CI 0.80, 0.95) had lower odds of self-reported inflation stress than workers with zero remote workdays. Similar associations were found among males (aOR 0.87, 95% CI 0.78, 0.98), females (aOR 0.87, 95% CI 0.76, 0.99), White individuals (aOR 0.84, 95% CI 0.77, 0.93), and individuals of other race/ethnicity (aOR 0.58, 95% CI 0.37, 0.90). We did not find any statistically significant remote work associations with self-reported inflation stress among Black, Hispanic, and Asian individuals. Conclusions Our findings have important implications for occupational health, elucidating a potential positive relationship between remote work and inflation stress. These findings can inform how organizations shape their hybrid-working policies to minimize financial stress on employees.
Effects of whole-head 810 nm near-infrared therapy on cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease: A pilot study
Authors: Guo Rong , Li Deyu , Li Fang , Ji Linna , Liu Hongying , Qiao Huiting , Lv Zeping , Tang Yi , Wang Daifa 
Published: February 2025

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by significant cognitive and behavioral impairments. Near-infrared (NIR) light treatment has shown potential in cognitive improvement in previous studies. However, clinical trials of NIR for AD remain limited. Objective This study investigated the safety and effects of whole-head 810 nm NIR therapy in AD patients, including long-term efficacy. Methods An open-label pilot study on whole-head NIR treatment for AD patients was conducted. Nine AD patients completed 4-month treatment (810 nm, 100 mW/cm², 30 min/session, 6 sessions weekly). Safety and efﬁcacy were evaluated at baseline, months 2 and 4, and 2-month post-treatment. Results After four months of whole-head NIR treatment, mean changes from baseline on the Mini-Mental State Examination were 3.2 ( p = 0.02). Mean changes from baseline on the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive were −5.0 ( p = 0.05), mean changes from baseline on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment were 1.9 ( p = 0.12). Mean changes from baseline on the Neuropsychiatric Inventory were −4.2 ( p = 0.47). These benefits were sustained two months at least. With no device-related adverse effects were reported. Conclusions Whole-head 810 nm NIR light is safe and offers promising benefits for AD patients. To fully confirm its efficacy, durability, and underlying mechanisms, further large-scale randomized controlled trials are necessary.
TROPION-Breast04: a randomized phase III study of neoadjuvant datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) plus durvalumab followed by adjuvant durvalumab versus standard of care in patients with treatment-naïve early-stage triple negative or HR-low/HER2− breast cancer
Authors: McArthur Heather L. , Tolaney Sara M. , Dent Rebecca , Schmid Peter , Asselah Jamil , Liu Qiang , Meisel Jane Lowe , Niikura Naoki , Park Yeon Hee , Werutsky Gustavo , Bianchini Giampaolo , Andersen Jay C. , Kozarski Robert , Rokutanda Nana , Pistilli Barbara , Loibl Sibylle 
Published: February 2025

Background: Despite treatment advances for patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and hormone receptor (HR)-low/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2−) breast cancer, treatments that improve clinical outcomes while mitigating toxicity are needed. Datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd), a TROP2-directed antibody-drug conjugate consisting of a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody attached via a plasma-stable cleavable linker to a topoisomerase-I inhibitor payload, has shown efficacy alone or in combination with durvalumab, a selective, high-affinity anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 antibody, in early-phase clinical studies. Objectives: The primary objective of TROPION-Breast04 is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant Dato-DXd plus durvalumab followed by adjuvant durvalumab with or without chemotherapy versus standard of care in patients with previously untreated early-stage TNBC or HR-low/HER2− breast cancer. Design: This is an ongoing, international, phase III, open-label, randomized controlled study. Methods and analysis: Approximately 1728 patients (aged ⩾18 years) will be randomized 1:1 to eight cycles of neoadjuvant Dato-DXd (6 mg/kg intravenously (IV) every 3 weeks (Q3W)) plus durvalumab (1120 mg IV Q3W) followed by nine cycles of adjuvant durvalumab (1120 mg IV Q3W) with or without chemotherapy versus eight cycles of pembrolizumab (200 mg IV Q3W) plus chemotherapy followed by nine cycles of adjuvant pembrolizumab (200 mg IV Q3W) with or without chemotherapy. Dual primary endpoints are pathological complete response by blinded central review and event-free survival by investigator assessment. Secondary endpoints include overall survival (key), distant disease-free survival, patient-reported outcomes, and safety. Ethics: The study is approved by independent ethics committees and/or institutional review boards at each study site. All patients will provide written informed consent. Discussion: This study will evaluate the potential use of neoadjuvant Dato-DXd plus durvalumab followed by adjuvant durvalumab with or without chemotherapy versus standard of care in patients with previously untreated early-stage TNBC or HR-low/HER2− breast cancer. The findings of this trial could lead to promising treatment options for these patients. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06112379.
An evidence-based tailored eHealth patient education tool for patients with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Chong , Zhu Chuanmei , Song Kangping , Xiang Xiaona , Wang Xiaoyi , Hu Jing , Li Zhao , Deng Yi , Jiang Daoxin , Guo Lixin , Ren Ting , Zhu Luwen , Ai Haibo , Zhang Shaojun , Liu Zhongliang , Yang Yonghong , Zhu Siyi , He Chengqi 
Published: February 2025

Background An evidence-based eHealth education tool was developed for patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness on patient knowledge level and analyzed the patient's satisfaction with the proposed tool. Methods A two-arm randomized controlled trial was performed, with 218 KOA patients allocated 1:1 to two groups by balanced block randomization. Both groups received usual care and additionally, the eHealth group used the proposed eHealth tool during the process. The primary outcome measure was the validated osteoarthritis patient knowledge questionnaire (PKQ-OA). The secondary outcome was patients’ satisfaction with the eHealth tool. Measurements were taken at baseline, post-intervention (T1), 1-month (T2), 3-month (T3), and 6-month (T4) follow-up. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and chi-square tests, were employed to compare outcomes between the groups. Results The results of the PKQ-OA indicated that patients in the eHealth group (38.7% ± 25%, 95% confidence interval (CI), 33.9%–43.4%) performed significantly better than the usual care group (28.8% ± 21.1%, 95% CI, 24.9%–32.9%) in terms of correct responses to the knowledge assessment in T1( P = 0.001). In addition, a higher percentage of patients in the eHealth group (39.4%) achieved a score of at least 50% on the knowledge assessment compared to the usual care group (14.6%). Patients who received eHealth education perceived it as a valuable tool for education. The analysis of follow-up data showed that the knowledge level of the eHealth group was higher than that of the control group at 6 months ( F = 0.727, P = 0.471), but there was no significant difference. Conclusion Patients educated using an evidence-based eHealth education tool showed significant improvements in knowledge and were more likely to achieve an adequately informed status. The evidence-based eHealth tool could offer a low-cost, effective educational device.
The 6-months follow-up of the TREAT-CAD trial: Aspirin versus anticoagulation for stroke prevention in patients with cervical artery dissection
Authors: Engelter Stefan T , Enz Lukas S , Ravanelli Flavia , Kaufmann Josefin E , Gensicke Henrik , Schaedelin Sabine , Luft Andreas R , Globas Christoph , Goeggel-Simonetti Barbara , Fischer Urs , Strambo Davide , Kägi Georg , Nedeltchev Krassen , Kahles Timo , Kellert Lars , Rosenbaum Sverre , von Rennenberg Regina , Brehm Alex , Seiffge David , Renaud Susanne , Brandt Tobias , Sarikaya Hakan , Zietz Annaelle , Wischmann Johannes , Polymeris Alexandros A , Fischer Sandro , Bonati Leo H , De Marchis Gian Marco , Peters Nils , Nolte Christian H , Christensen Hanne , Wegener Susanne , Psychogios Marios-Nikos , Arnold Marcel , Lyrer Philippe , Traenka Christopher 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Cervical artery dissection is a major cause of stroke in the young. The optimal choice and duration of antithrombotic treatment for stroke prevention are debated, particularly beyond 3 months after symptom onset. Patients and methods: TREAT-CAD (TREATment of Cervical Artery Dissection) was a randomized controlled trial with blinded outcome assessment comparing non-inferiority of aspirin to anticoagulation (Vitamin-K-antagonists) in participants with symptomatic, Magnetic-Resonance-(MR)-imaging-verified cervical artery dissection. TREAT-CAD could not establish non-inferiority of aspirin to anticoagulation at 3 months. Thereafter participants could continue antithrombotic medication and obtained a standardized assessment of clinical and MR-Imaging outcomes between 3 and 6 months. As crossover to the other treatment arm was possible, we performed an as-treated analysis as main analysis. The main outcomes were new clinical (ischemic stroke, intracranial/major extracranial bleeding, or death) and new MR-Imaging outcomes (ischemic or hemorrhagic brain lesions). Results: Among the 122 participants in the as-treated analysis, 3/93 (3.2%) aspirin-treated participants had new clinical ( n = 1) and MRI-outcomes ( n = 2) between 3 and 6 months while 1/29 (3.4%) anticoagulated participants had an MRI-outcome ( n = 1). All outcome events were hemorrhagic while ischemic events were absent. No deaths occurred. This yields an absolute difference of 0.2% (95% CI −8.0% to 7.5%, p = 1.0). Discussion and conclusion: During the extended follow-up period of a controlled randomized trial comparing aspirin to anticoagulation in cervical artery dissection, outcomes between 3 and 6 months after randomization occurred rarely, similarly often in both groups and were exclusively hemorrhagic events. Thus, studies balancing benefits versus harms of antithrombotic treatment beyond 3 months are warranted. Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02046460. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02046460 .
Substance Use Disorder and Harm Reduction Curriculum in United States and Canadian Undergraduate Medical Education: An Online Survey
Authors: Avra Tucker , Nelson Andrew , Friedman Joseph , Limbach Willow , Sarkisian Mary , Nesley Tamiko , Chu Tiffany , Truman Kyla , Moghanian Brandon , Yazditabar Joshua , Ahluwalia Tamanna , Shover Chelsea , Goodman-Meza David 
Published: February 2025

Background: Substance use disorders (SUD) are a significant public health challenge, necessitating that clinicians are trained in SUD treatment and harm reduction (HR) strategies. Despite this, no studies have assessed the extent of SUD and HR training across all medical schools. This study assesses the current state of SUD and HR curriculum among medical students in the United States and Canada. Methods: From May to July 2023, we conducted an anonymous online survey via email invitation to student affairs’ offices of all 220 accredited US and Canadian medical schools. The survey assessed the curricula students were exposed to related to SUD treatment, HR, and stigmatizing attitudes. Results: A sample of 568 students from 52 medical schools (23.6% of all US and Canadian medical schools) completed the survey. Participants reported that in their medical school they were taught about: recognition of an opioid overdose (80.0%), identifying and treating opioid withdrawal (68.2%), principles and practices of HR (60.6%), administering naloxone (56.6%), the importance of syringe service programs (51.8%), prescribing methadone and/or buprenorphine (29.5%), and counseling patients on safe injection practices (11.4%). In addition, participants reported that they were taught: how to identify drug-seeking behavior (36.4%), that people who use heroin are “drug abusers” (24.4%), to withhold opioid pain medication from patients who are known or suspected to use drugs (15.9%), and that medication for opioid use disorder is another form of addiction (12.6%). Discussion: We found large curricular gaps related to the administration of medications for opioid use disorder and treating opioid overdose and withdrawal, as well as a significant prevalence of stigmatizing attitudes. Renewed efforts are needed to implement comprehensive and destigmatizing SUD curricula. The study is limited by response bias and is expected to overestimate the extent of HR related curriculum, indicating the true gap is likely higher than reported.