bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parameter Extraction of Single, Double, and Triple‐Diode Photovoltaic Models Using the Weighted Leader Search Algorithm
Authors: Çetinbaş İpek 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study presents the parameter extraction of single, double, and triple‐diode photovoltaic (PV) models using the weighted leader search algorithm (WLS). The primary objective is to develop models that accurately reflect the characteristics of PV devices so that technical and economic benefits are maximized under all constraints. For this purpose, 24 models, 6 for two different PV cells, and 18 for six PV modules, whose experimental data are publicly available, are developed successfully. The second objective of this research is the selection of the most suitable algorithm for this problem. It is a significant challenge since the evaluation process requires using advanced statistical tools and techniques to determine the reliable selection. Therefore, seven brand‐new algorithms, including WLS, the spider wasp optimizer, the shrimp and goby association search, the reversible elementary cellular automata, the fennec fox optimization, the Kepler optimization, and the rime optimization algorithms, are tested. The WLS has yielded the smallest minimum, average, RMSE, and standard deviation among those. Its superiority is also verified by Friedman and Wilcoxon signed‐rank test based on 144 pairwise comparisons. In conclusion, it is demonstrated that the WLS is a superior algorithm in PV parameter extraction for developing accurate models.
Covert allyship: Implementing LGBT policies in an adversarial context
Authors: Röell Christiaan , Özbilgin Mustafa , Arndt Felix 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study introduces the concept of covert allyship as a strategy for tacitly supporting lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) inclusion in adversarial contexts. Drawing on a qualitative case study of 12 Western multinational enterprises (MNEs) operating in Indonesia, the largest Muslim country in the world, the article sheds light on how allyship for LGBT issues is undertaken covertly as allies seek to transcend tensions arising between headquarters publicly advocating for LGBT rights and their subsidiaries. The findings evaluate both barriers to MNE subsidiaries implementing LGBT‐supportive policies and facilitating mechanisms for covert forms of institutional allyship. Finally, the article provides recommendations for how MNEs can adopt practices that build subtle yet effective LGBT‐supportive approaches in contexts that require sensitivity to local cultures and legislation.
Effectiveness of a grid mattress on adults' sleep quality and health: A quasi‐experimental intervention study
Authors: Breus Michael , Hooper Stephanie L. , Lynch Tarah , Barragan Martin , Hausenblas Heather A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsDespite that 93% of people indicate that a mattress plays a pivotal role in achieving high‐quality sleep, there is a scarcity of research investigating the influence of mattresses on sleep quality, pain, and mood in nonclinical poor sleepers. The purpose was to examine the effectiveness of a pressure‐releasing medium‐firm grid mattress on sleep and health outcomes (e.g., mood, pain, daytime fatigue) of adults with nonclinical insomnia symptoms using a quasi‐experimental design.MethodsParticipants were 39 adults (mean age = 45.29) with nonclinical insomnia (i.e., occasional sleeplessness). Following 1 week of baseline assessments on their current mattress, they slept on a pressure‐relieving grid mattress for 8 weeks. Participants completed self‐report assessments of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Berlin Questionnaire, Insomnia Severity Index, Restorative Sleep Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, Profile of Mood States, Daytime Fatigue Scale, Pain and Sleep Questionnaire, and Brief Pain Inventory at Baseline and Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8. Participants continually wore an Oura Ring to objectively assess sleep and daytime activity. The data were collected from January 2022 to April 2022 and were stored electronically. Repeated‐measures analyses of variance were used to analyze mean time differences.ResultsSelf‐reported sleep quality, perceived pain, perceived stress, mood, and daytime fatigue improved significantly from Baseline to Week 8, p's < 0.05. Objective Oura Ring validated the self‐reported sleep and daytime activity outcomes with improvements in sleep duration, time awake during the night, light sleep, deep sleep, and total sleep time, p's < 0.05. No significant time effects were evidenced for rapid eye movement sleep. No adverse events were reported.ConclusionThe grid mattress is a simple, noninvasive, and nonpharmacological intervention that improved adults sleep quality and health. Controlled trials are encouraged to examine the effects of this mattress in a variety of populations and environments.
Beyond traditional venous access: Midline catheter use in pediatric apheresis
Authors: Geile Kira , Barton Kevin , Dandamudi Raja 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the use of midline catheters as venous access for apheresis procedures in pediatric patients. A retrospective analysis of medical records was conducted from September 2019 to June 2022 to evaluate the safety and efficacy of midline catheters for therapeutic pediatric apheresis. During the study period, a total of 121 procedures were inserted in 22 unique patients. The age of the subjects ranged from 2.7 to 21 years. The blood flow rates achieved with midline catheters met or exceeded the recommended rates for apheresis in children (40 mL/min), by the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test (p < 0.0001). There was one episode of catheter‐related thrombosis, but no cases of bloodstream infection or catheter dislodgement were reported. In conclusion, this study supports the use of midline catheters as a safe and effective alternative for venous access during therapeutic and donor apheresis procedures in pediatric patients.
Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Exposure–Efficacy and Body Weight–Response Analyses for Tezepelumab in Patients With Severe, Uncontrolled Asthma
Authors: Zheng Yanan , Abuqayyas Lubna , Quartino Angelica , Guan Ye , Gao Yuying , Liu Lu , Hellqvist Åsa , Colice Gene , MacDonald Alexander 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTezepelumab is a human monoclonal antibody that blocks the activity of thymic stromal lymphopoietin. This analysis assessed the suitability of a fixed‐dose regimen of tezepelumab 210 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W) in adults and adolescents with severe, uncontrolled asthma. A population pharmacokinetic model was developed using data from 1368 patients with asthma or healthy participants enrolled in 8 clinical studies (phases 1‐3). Tezepelumab exposure‐efficacy relationships were analyzed in the phase 3 NAVIGATOR study (NCT03347279), using asthma exacerbation rates over 52 weeks and changes in pre‐bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s at week 52. Tezepelumab pharmacokinetics were well characterized by a 2‐compartment linear disposition model with first‐order absorption and elimination following subcutaneous and intravenous administration at 2.1‐420 and 210‐700 mg, respectively. There were no clinically relevant effects on tezepelumab pharmacokinetics from age (≥12 years), sex, race/ethnicity, renal or hepatic function, disease severity (inhaled corticosteroid dose level), concomitant asthma medication use, smoking history, or anti‐drug antibodies. Body weight was the most influential covariate on tezepelumab exposure, but no meaningful differences in efficacy or safety were observed across body weight quartiles in patients with asthma who received tezepelumab 210 mg subcutaneously Q4W. There was no apparent relationship between tezepelumab exposure and efficacy at this dose regimen, suggesting that it is on the plateau of the exposure‐response curve of tezepelumab. In conclusion, a fixed‐dose regimen of tezepelumab 210 mg subcutaneously Q4W is appropriate for eligible adults and adolescents with severe, uncontrolled asthma.
Lean body mass and the cardiorespiratory phenotype: An ethnic‐specific relationship in Hans Chinese women and men
Authors: Guo Meihan , Diaz‐Canestro Candela , Pugliese Nicola Riccardo , Paneni Francesco , Montero David 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundLean body mass (LBM) and the functional capacity of cardiovascular (CV) and respiratory systems constitute a female‐specific relationship in European–American individuals. Whether this recent finding be extrapolated to the world's largest ethnic group, that is, Hans Chinese (HC, a population characterized by low LBM), is unknown.MethodsHealthy HC adults (n = 144, 50% ♀) closely matched by sex, age and physical activity were included. Total and regional (leg, arm and trunk) LBM and body composition were measured via dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Cardiac structure, stiffness, central/peripheral haemodynamics and peak O2 consumption (VO2peak) were assessed via transthoracic echocardiography and pulmonary gas analyses at rest and during exercise up to peak effort. Regression analyses determined the sex‐specific relationship of LBM with cardiac and aerobic phenotypes.ResultsTotal and regional LBM were lower and body fat percentage higher in women compared with men (P < 0.001). In both sexes, total LBM positively associated with left ventricular (LV) mass and peak volumes (r ≥ 0.33, P ≤ 0.005) and negatively with LV end‐systolic and central arterial stiffness (r ≥ −0.34, P ≤ 0.004). Total LBM strongly associated with VO2peak (r ≥ 0.60, P < 0.001) and peak cardiac output (r ≥ 0.40, P < 0.001) in women and men. Among regional LBM, leg LBM prominently associated with the arterio‐venous O2 difference at peak exercise in both sexes (r ≥ 0.43, P < 0.001). Adjustment by adiposity or CV risk factors did not modify the results.ConclusionsLBM independently determines internal cardiac dimensions, ventricular mass, distensibility and the capacity to deliver and consume O2 in HC adults irrespective of sex.
Adiponectin‐to‐leptin ratio and incident chronic kidney disease: Sex and body composition‐dependent association
Authors: Park Hye‐Sun , Park Sang Ho , Seong Yeseul , Kim Hyo Jeong , Choi Hoon Young , Rhee Yumie , Park Hyeong Cheon , Jhee Jong Hyun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe association between the adiponectin‐to‐leptin ratio (A/L ratio) and the risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between A/L ratio and the risk of incident CKD and to examine whether such a relationship varied according to sex and body composition.MethodsIn this prospective community‐based cohort, participants with normal kidney function were analysed (N = 5192). The association between the A/L ratio at baseline and the risk of incident CKD, defined as two or more occasions with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/m2 or proteinuria of ≥1+ on a dipstick test during the follow‐up period, was evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on sex, body mass index (BMI) and the presence of sarcopenia.ResultsThe participants' mean age was 57.2 ± 8.3 years, and 53.2% were women. The A/L ratio was higher in men compared with women (1.5 [0.8–3.2] and 0.5 [0.3–0.9] μg/ng, P < 0.001). During a median follow‐up of 9.8 [9.5–10.0] years, 417 incident CKD events occurred (8.7 per 1000 person‐years). Men in the highest quartile of A/L ratio had a lower risk of incident CKD (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33–0.99) than those in the lowest quartile. Additionally, a 1.0 increase in A/L ratio was associated with a 12% decreased risk of incident CKD in men (aHR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.80–0.97). However, no significant association was observed in women. In subgroup analysis stratified by BMI and the presence of sarcopenia, the association between a high A/L ratio and a reduced risk of incident CKD was consistent in men with a BMI < 23.0 kg/m2 and those with sarcopenia. However, no significant association was observed between men with a BMI ≥ 23.0 kg/m2 and those without sarcopenia.ConclusionsA high A/L ratio is an independent marker of a reduced risk of incident CKD in men, especially in those with a BMI < 23.0 kg/m2 and sarcopenia.
The evaluation of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in children with obesity with vibration‐controlled transient elastography
Authors: Arsoy Hanife Ayşegül , Kara Özlem , Keskin Murat 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionParallel to the worldwide increase in obesity, the epidemic of chronic liver disease is increasing also in pediatric population. Our aim is to provide a different outlook on the current screening confusion in pediatric non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with the non‐invasive vibration‐controlled transient elastography (VCTE) method.Materials and MethodsThis single‐center, cross‐sectional, comparative study was performed at the tertiary center, included 95 patients with obesity and 116 controls, both groups were 9–18 years of ages. VCTE examinations performed in all patients. The cut‐off values for controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) were established by comparing the study and control groups.ResultsThe cut‐off for CAP was determined as >236 dB/m when comparing the two groups. The AUC was 0.900 (95% CI, 0.851–0.937) and the diagnostic accuracy was 77.9% and 91.4% for sensitivity and specificity, respectively. The cut‐off value for LSM >5 kPa was determined by comparison of the two groups. The AUC was 0.794 (95% CI, 0.733–0.846) and the diagnostic accuracies were 50.5% and 90.5% for sensitivity and specificity, respectively.ConclusionsThere is no benchmark method for screening pediatric NAFLD. However, VCTE is a promising method for screening pediatric NAFLD. It is accessible, repeatable and practical.
Predictors of Sinonasal Improvement After Highly Effective Modulator Therapy in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Beswick Daniel M. , Liu Christine M. , Overdevest Jonathan B. , Zemke Anna , Khatiwada Aastha , Gudis David A. , Miller Jessa E. , Kimple Adam , Tervo Jeremy P. , DiMango Emily , Goralski Jennifer L. , Keating Claire , Senior Brent , Stapleton Amanda L. , Eshaghian Patricia H. , Mace Jess C. , Markarian Karolin , Alt Jeremiah A. , Bodner Todd E. , Chowdhury Naweed I. , Getz Anne E. , Hwang Peter H. , Khanwalker Ashoke , Lee Jivianne T. , Li Douglas A. , Norris Meghan , Nayak Jayakar V. , Owens Cameran , Patel Zara M. , Poch Katie , Schlosser Rodney J. , Smith Kristine A. , Smith Timothy L. , Soler Zachary M. , Suh Jeffrey D. , Turner Grant A. , Wang Marilene B. , Saavedra Milene T. , Taylor Cousar Jennifer L. 
Published: April 2024

ObjectivesThe 22‐question SinoNasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) assesses chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) severity. We aimed to identify predictors of SNOT‐22 score improvement following highly effective modulator therapy (HEMT) initiation and to corroborate the SNOT‐22 minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF).MethodsProspective observational data was pooled from four studies across 10 US centers investigating people with CF (PwCF) and CRS. Three studies evaluated HEMT's impact on CRS. For participants enrolled prior to HEMT initiation, SNOT‐22 scores were obtained at baseline and after 3–6 months of HEMT. Multivariate regression identified predictors of improvement. Cronbach's alpha and four distribution‐based methods were used to assess internal consistency and calculate the MCID of the SNOT‐22.ResultsA total of 184 PwCF participated with mean baseline SNOT‐22 scores ranging from 18.1 to 56.7. Cronbach's alpha was ≥0.90 across sites. Participants at sites with pre‐ and post‐HEMT data reported improvement in SNOT‐22 scores after initiating HEMT (all p < 0.05). Worse baseline SNOT‐22 score (odds ratio (OR): 1.05, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 1.02–1.08), F508del homozygosity (OR: 4.30, p = 0.040, 95% CI: 1.14–18.99), and absence of prior modulator therapy (OR: 4.99, p = 0.017, 95% CI: 1.39–20.11) were associated with greater SNOT‐22 improvement. The mean MCID calculated via distribution‐based methods was 8.5.ConclusionWorse baseline sinonasal symptoms, F508del homozygosity, and absence of prior modulator therapy predicted greater improvement after HEMT initiation. The mean MCID for SNOT‐22 in PwCF is 8.5 points, similar to non‐CF individuals with CRS, and provides a threshold specifically for PwCF. The SNOT‐22 has strong internal consistency in PwCF.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:3965–3973, 2024
Simple and affordable colorimetric sensing strips for quantitative determination of total manganese in porewater samples
Authors: Pedre Ignacio , Fröhberg Nico , Waska Hannelore , Koschinsky Andrea , Pahnke Katharina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSimple and economical colorimetric strips for measuring manganese (Mn) in natural waters are described. For their construction, leucomalachite green (LMG) embedded in a Nafion® polymeric matrix was immobilized on a polyvinylchloride surface. Upon immersing the strips in the sample, any soluble manganese(II/III) present catalyzed the oxidation of the LMG base to malachite green by adding sodium periodate. The observed color change is related to the manganese concentration and can be quantified using a field device constructed using commercial red–green–blue sensors and an Arduino® board. A linear response from 0.1 to 0.6 μmol L−1 manganese (limit of detection: 0.1 μmol L−1) was observed. The signal for strips prepared on 7 d gave a relative standard deviation equal to 13%. The strips showed good agreement with results obtained by ICP‐MS in porewater collected on Spiekeroog Island (North Sea). Therefore, the method is a tool for rapid measurements of manganese in porewater samples offering new possibilities in understanding biogeochemistry for high temporal and spatial resolution manganese surveys and providing an analytical technique that provides field results comparable to laboratory systems.
Structural elucidation and complete NMR spectral assignments of Monascus monacolin analogues
Authors: Liu Jiachen , Xu Qingjiang , Wang Xin , Shang Xiaoya , Wang Nan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThree new monacolin analogues, 3,6‐dihydroxy‐monacolin P (1), 6‐methoxy monacolin S (2), and 6‐methoxy dehydromonacolin S (3), were isolated from a fraction that strongly inhibited 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA reductase from the ethyl acetate portion of red yeast rice ethanol extract. Their structures were determined through a combination of 1D and 2D NMR experiments, mass spectrometry analysis, and known literature reports.
A general analytical solution for axisymmetric electro‐osmotic consolidation of unsaturated soil with semi‐permeable boundary
Authors: Zhao Xudong , Ni Junjun , Liu Yang , Gong Wenhui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study proposes a closed‐form solution for axisymmetric electro‐osmotic consolidation of unsaturated soil under semi‐permeable boundary conditions. The governing equations are formulated to allow for vertical and radial flows of liquid and air phases. The techniques of eigenfunction expansion and Laplace transformation are employed to develop the exact solution for excess pore‐air (EPAP) and pore‐water pressures (EPWP). The proposed solution is first validated by comparing it to an existing solution, followed by verification through finite element simulations. Both methods of validation confirm the accuracy of the analytical solution. Then, based on the obtained solution, the effects of vertical flow, semi‐permeable boundary conditions, electrical voltage, electro‐osmosis conductivity and spacing ratio re/rw on the consolidation profile have been further investigated. Parametric studies show that the EPWP at the steady state depends on the electro‐osmosis conductivity and applied electricity gradient. In addition, the dissipation rates of EPWP and EPAP in the axisymmetric electro‐osmotic consolidation would be underestimated if the vertical flows are neglected. The semi‐permeable boundary conditions have great influences on the dissipation rate and the steady‐state solution. The proposed solution could serve as a theoretical basis for axisymmetric electro‐osmotic consolidation of unsaturated soil.
A split preconditioning scheme for nonlinear underdetermined least squares problems
Authors: Vater Nadja , Borzì Alfio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe convergence of preconditioned gradient methods for nonlinear underdetermined least squares problems arising in, for example, supervised learning of overparameterized neural networks is investigated. In this general setting, conditions are given that guarantee the existence of global minimizers that correspond to zero residuals and a proof of the convergence of a gradient method to these global minima is presented. In order to accelerate convergence of the gradient method, different preconditioning strategies are developed and analyzed. In particular, a left randomized preconditioner and a right coarse‐level correction preconditioner are combined and investigated. It is demonstrated that the resulting split preconditioned two‐level gradient method incorporates the advantages of both approaches and performs very efficiently.
Barriers to long‐acting injectable atypical antipsychotic use in Japan: Insights from a comparative psychiatrist survey
Authors: Oguchi Yoshiyo , Miyake Nobumi , Ando Kumiko 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimsTo investigate the negative attitudes of Japanese psychiatrists toward atypical long‐acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics, which are the current mainstream LAIs in Japan.MethodsWe surveyed 69 Japanese psychiatrists using a 5‐point Likert scale to assess their attitudes toward atypical LAI antipsychotics. Our assessment referenced concerns identified in a study conducted in Japan a decade ago, which found significant differences when compared with a survey of German psychiatrists. We also identified the factors influencing these negative attitudes. Additionally, the results were compared with those of previous Japanese and German studies.ResultsMore than 50% of Japanese psychiatrists expressed negative attitudes toward atypical LAI antipsychotics in various areas. These concerns included apprehensions about cost, reluctance to recommend them initially, pain from injections, complexity of switching to LAI, usage in first‐episode cases, and sufficient medication adherence with oral drugs. In all three studies, cost and adequate adherence to oral medication were concerns that exceeded the average of the three negative comments. Age and experience in psychiatry influenced the psychiatrists' attitudes toward using these drugs in first‐episode cases.ConclusionsThese findings shed light on the reasons for the underutilization of atypical LAI antipsychotics and suggest opportunities to enhance their appropriate use in clinical settings.