bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dom André Gentil prieur de l’abbaye de Fontenay (Côte-d’Or), aux fondements de l’œnologie du xviiie siècle
Authors: Delevoye Dominique 
Published: February 2025

Il est communément admis de faire coïncider la naissance de l’œnologie moderne avec Chaptal et Lavoisier et le début du xixe siècle. Le premier pour avoir découvert la méthode éponyme de sucrage des vins et le second pour la mise en équation de la formule de la transformation du sucre en alcool. Ce parti pris laisse à penser qu’avant ces deux savants, la chimie n’était qu’au stade embryonnaire. Cette opinion occulte l’apport essentiel de savants qui durant le siècle des Lumières, ont jeté les fondements de la chimie moderne en général et de la chimie du vin en particulier. Dijon (Côte-d’Or), alors cité viticole, a contribué, dès 1774, avec la création de son école de chimie dirigée par le célèbre scientifique Guyton de Morveau, à la formation d’éminents savants qui ont abordé des problématiques de chimie appliquées à l’agriculture et à la viticulture, telle la contribution de dom André Gentil (1728-1800), prieur de l’abbaye de Fontenay (21), savant réputé au xviiie siècle. Ce familier du comte de Buffon, sociétaire de l’Académie des Sciences, Arts et Belles Lettres de Dijon publia en 1777 le premier essai connu d’agrochimie et démontra le principe chimique de la double fermentation alcoolique des vins tranquilles et moussants et son pilotage par la mesure du sucre résiduel contenu dans le moût en 1779, soit dix ans avant Lavoisier.
Traces archéologiques de culture de la vigne en Champagne : un bilan de l’archéologie préventive
Authors: Rabasté Yoann , Canet Sylvain , Marchaisseau Vincent 
Published: February 2025

La Champagne, renommée pour ses vins depuis le xviiie siècle, est un territoire viticole historique dont les premières cultures de vigne remontent à l’Antiquité. Au Moyen Âge, les villes épiscopales et les abbayes ont encouragé l’expansion viticole, particulièrement autour de Reims et Troyes. Des plans anciens et des découvertes archéologiques confirment cette culture dès le xie siècle. Les cartes de Cassini, de Trudaine et d’État-Major des xviiie et xixe siècles illustrent l’étendue maximale des vignobles avant la crise du phylloxéra, un patrimoine aujourd’hui revisité à travers l’archéologie préventive. Les recherches archéologiques en Champagne révèlent régulièrement des vestiges viticoles anciens, témoignant d’une viticulture attestée dès le Moyen Âge. Ces fosses, de formes diverses et de tailles modestes, sont souvent laissées sans études approfondies, bien que des efforts récents visent à aller au-delà de la simple description. Fréquemment, les vestiges sont attribués à l’époque moderne ou contemporaine en l’absence de preuves chronologiques solides. Quatre exemples autour de Reims, Troyes, Brienne et Châlons-en-Champagne illustrent le besoin d’orienter les recherches vers une méthodologie régionale et un programme de recherche pluridisciplinaire nécessaires pour faire progresser leur compréhension.
Exploring Students Perception on the Role of Instagram on Slang Adoption and Dissemination
Authors: Saadia Shahzad  , Shiza Minahal  , Dr. Shahbaz Khan  
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study explores students' perceptions of Instagram's role in the adoption and dissemination of slang. Increase in use of social media and the use of Instagram as one of the widely used medium by several students is potentially evident in their day to day use of language. This study reviewed students slang words used in their daily activities, applying quantitative descriptive survey design. By using a self-designed survey, validated by three expert field workers, disseminated online using stratified random sampling technique with at least 10% population from undergraduate students of the seven schools of a private university, the research scrutinized how often Instagram is used by students, what type of content is preferred, and their perception of usage of slang as influenced by Instagram. Additionally, the research investigated the relationship between Instagram use and students' language skills, particularly in terms of the use of slang. The data collected through online survey, this research focused on the intricate communication between Instagram and language use. This helped in identifying and categorizing the shaping of language practices and the role of Instagram, the study has contributed in analyzing the depth of present-day language trends and how it’s changing with the use of social media application for communication. The survey was based on closed-ended questions to collect information from participants’ use of Instagram and their perception of the influence of the platform. The analysis was done using SPSS, findings from the careful analysis of the data helped in making recommendation to educators, linguists, policy makers, language curriculum developers and users of social media platforms to make informed decisions in using social media as responsible young people.
Besser spät als nie
Authors: Lorenz Paul 
Published: February 2025

Wie weit reicht der von der Bundesregierung zu gewährende Auslandsschutz? Diese Frage beschäftigte vor kurzem die Berliner Verwaltungsgerichtsbarkeit, nachdem sich ein über vier Monate in Venezuela inhaftierter deutscher Journalist durch das Auswärtige Amt vernachlässigt sah. Mit seinem letzte Woche veröffentlichten Beschluss hat das BVerfG klargestellt, dass mit Blick auf Art. 19 Abs. 4 GG wenigstens im Nachhinein keine allzu überhöhten Anforderungen an das verwaltungsprozessuale Feststellungsinteresse gestellt werden können. Das weite Ermessen, das der Bundesregierung bei der Gewährung von Auslandsschutz aber materiell-rechtlich zusteht, wird davon nicht berührt.
Enumeration rises according to parity in compositions
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, University of Haifa, 3498838 Haifa, Israel, Asakly Walaa , Mansour Toufik ,   Department of Mathematics, University of Haifa, 3498838 Haifa, Israel
Published: February 2025

Let \( s, t \) be any numbers in \( \{0,1\} \) and let \( \pi = \pi_1 \pi_2 \cdots \pi_m \) be any word. We say that \( i \in [m-1] \) is an \( (s,t) \)-parity-rise if \( \pi_i \equiv s \pmod{2} \), \( \pi_{i+1} \equiv t \pmod{2} \), and \( \pi_i < \pi_{i+1} \). We denote the number of occurrences of \( (s,t) \)-parity-rises in \( \pi \) by \( \text{rise}_{s,t}(\pi) \). Also, we denote the total sizes of the \( (s,t) \)-parity-rises in \( \pi \) by \( \text{size}_{s,t}(\pi) \), that is, \( \text{size}_{s,t}(\pi) = \sum_{\pi_i < \pi_{i+1}} (\pi_{i+1} - \pi_i). \) A composition \( \pi = \pi_1 \pi_2 \cdots \pi_m \) of a positive integer \( n \) is an ordered collection of one or more positive integers whose sum is \( n \). The number of summands, namely \( m \), is called the number of parts of \( \pi \). In this paper, by using tools of linear algebra, we found the generating function that counts the number of all compositions of \( n \) with \( m \) parts according to the statistics \( \text{rise}_{s,t} \) and \( \text{size}_{s,t} \), for all \( s, t \).
Pattern occurrence statistics and applications to the Ramsey theory of unavoidable patterns
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Caltech MC 253-37, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, USA, Tao Jim 
Published: February 2025

As suggested by Currie, we apply the probabilistic method to problems regarding pattern avoidance. Using techniques from analytic combinatorics, we calculate asymptotic mean pattern occurrence and use them in conjunction with the probabilistic method to establish new results about the Ramsey theory of unavoidable patterns in the abelian full word case and in the nonabelian partial word case.
Multisection method for Apéry-like series
Authors:   Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi” Università del Salento, Via Prov. Lecce per Arnesano P. O. Box 193, Lecce 73100 ITALY, Chu Wenchang , Esposito Flavia Lucia ,   Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi” Università del Salento, Via Prov. Lecce per Arnesano P. O. Box 193, Lecce 73100 ITALY
Published: February 2025

Applying the multisection series method to the MacLaurin series expansion of arcsin-function, we transform the Apéry–like series involving the central binomial coefficients into systems of linear equations. By resolving the linear systems (for example, by Mathematica), we establish numerous remarkable infinite series formulae for π and logarithm functions, including several recent results due to Almkvist et al. (2003) and Zheng (2008).
On computational complexity of plan curve invariants
Authors:   NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, Duzhin Fedor , Tao Biaoshuai ,   NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Published: February 2025

The theory of generic smooth closed plane curves initiated by Vladimir Arnold is a beautiful fusion of topology, combinatorics, and analysis. The theory remains fairly undeveloped. We review existing methods to describe generic smooth closed plane curves combinatorially, introduce a new one, and give an algorithm for efficient computation of Arnold’s invariants. Our results provide a good source of future research projects that involve computer experiments with plane curves. The reader is not required to have background in topology and even undergraduate students with basic knowledge of differential geometry and graph theory will easily understand our paper.
Clothesline Smart Device Design Based on Iot Device
Authors: Mulawarman Daulay  , Solly Aryza Lubis  , Zuraidah Tharo  
Published: February 2025

Drying clothes is a process of daily activities. Drying clothes through the drying process is a traditional method that is still widely used in various regions. However, the process of drying traditional clothes is often a challenge for people or individuals who have limited space and time, especially if the drying is done at home while at the same time not at home. So it takes innovation of smart clothesline devices based on the Internet of Things (IoT) that can help optimize the drying process of clothes. In designing and manufacturing this automatic clothes drying system uses two sensors, namely water sensors and light sensors. Both of these sensors function as weather detectors. If it rains, the water sensor will respond by sending voltage to the circuit and then moving the servo motor to rotate to the right or left so as to make the clothesline enter a closed room. When the clothesline enters, Arduino will give a command to the GSM module SIM800L to give a notification in the form of an sms that the clothesline has been inserted. Similarly, with the light sensor, when the rain has stopped, the light sensor responds to sunlight so that it makes the servo motor move to remove the clothesline.
El Mandato: Una Discusión desde la Problemática Legal y su Implicación en las Encomendaciones dadas a los Mandatarios
Authors: Aguila Holguín Valeria Cristina , Guamaní Nenger María del Cisne 
Published: February 2025

Mandato, regulado por el Código Civil ecuatoriano, en una institución jurídica de gran importancia, que otorga a una persona, conocida como mandante, el derecho a delegar ciertas cuestiones en otra, llamada mandataria. Este acto jurídico se basa en los principios de confianza y buena fe, esenciales para las relaciones humanas y legales armoniosas. Entre las principales características del mandato destacan su bilateralidad, al involucrar derechos y obligaciones recíprocas; su naturaleza consensual, ya que basta el acuerdo de voluntades para su perfeccionamiento; y su carácter generalmente oneroso, aunque también puede ser gratuito si así lo pactan las partes. En este contrato, el tutor actúa diligentemente y no en su propio beneficio y está obligado a considerar lo que quiere el mandante. Un encargado que actúe para su propio interés o con falta de diligencia puede resultar en una compensación de parte del mandatario, o los actos del mandatario se considerarán sin validez en absoluto. En el ámbito empresarial, los mandantes delegan la representación legal o la administración de negocios a otras partes confiables con más experiencia. En el ámbito familiar, se utiliza para administrar bienes o propiedad comunes. Este artículo examina las obligaciones y prohibiciones inherentes al mandato, destacando la obligación del mandatario de actuar con diligencia y fidelidad, evitando cualquier conflicto de intereses que pueda perjudicar al mandante. También se abordan las prohibiciones que buscan proteger la integridad de la relación, como el impedimento de usar los bienes o información del mandante para fines personales. En cuanto a su terminación, el mandato puede concluir por diversas causas: el cumplimiento del objeto para el cual fue otorgado, la revocación unilateral por parte del mandante, la renuncia del mandatario, la expiración del plazo establecido o la muerte de cualquiera de las partes.
Ultrasonography in the Rural Suburban Pre-hospital Setting: What training is required for Paramedics to become proficient Ultrasonographers?
Authors: Van Dillen Christine , Fitzpatrick Desmond , Rowe Joel , Zuver Christian , Dicesare Danielle , Wanthal Jessica , Nguyen Linh , Reed Austin , Nadler Brian , Nadler Kourtni 
Published: February 2025

Objective The purpose of this pilot study was to assess ultrasound image-acquisition skills by paramedics in a rural suburban United States ground EMS agency. Methods This prospective, pilot study was conducted with Paramedics with at least 1 year of experience as the case group. The Paramedics were trained in emergency ultrasound through a 5-hour didactic teaching course as well as 5 weeks of hands-on training with live human models. First year emergency medicine residents who completed an ultrasound orientation served as the control group. Images were obtained and recorded using Sonosite M-Turbo ultrasound with a phased array P21 transducer on a single adult male. The images were reviewed by a blinded, Ultrasound Fellowship-trained physician who graded the images on a 5-point Likert scale, with 5 representing the best quality. Results 19 residents and 19 paramedics were enrolled. The mean overall image quality obtained by the case group was graded higher (4.06 vs. 2.98, p<0.05). In addition, the case group obtained significantly superior image quality of the subxiphoid (3.95 vs. 2.89, p<0.05), right upper quadrant (4.79 vs. 2.95, p<0.05), left upper quadrant (3.84 vs. 2.58, p<0.05), and suprapubic regions (4.32 vs. 3.05, p<0.05) of the eFAST exam. Conclusions This study demonstrated that appropriately trained rural suburban paramedics can obtain ultrasound images comparable in quality to those acquired by emergency medicine residents in training. This capability could enhance prehospital patient assessments, enabling better communication with receiving physicians and optimizing resource utilization. Future research should investigate whether prehospital ultrasound images can inform transport and treatment decisions, such as determining whether a patient should be transported to a trauma center or a non-trauma facility, thereby ensuring the most effective use of limited resources.
Climate Changes and Societal Stability in Iraq: Proposed Measures
Authors: Hameed Muntasser Majeed , Khalaf Shojaa Mahmoud 
Published: February 2025

Iraq is considered one of the countries most susceptible to the negative impacts of climate change. According to international reports, it is classified as among the top five most affected by climate change in the world, leading to economic resource shortages and an increase in water scarcity, which exposes societal stability in Iraq to a threat. This may result in social disintegration and civil conflicts, so climate changes are considered one of the most dangerous crises affecting societal stability in Iraq during this stage. In this context, the research attempts to trace the causes of climate change and their effects on societal stability in Iraq and suggest some necessary measures to confront them in the future. The research sums up the findings of the study, the most important of which is the need to take comprehensive institutional measures to mitigate the harmful effects of environmental degradation, such as the intensity of greenhouse gas emissions, and to develop treatments, such as legislating the necessary laws for water management to ward off immediate and future risks resulting from societal stability due to climate impacts in order to maintain a better level of societal stability.
An Eeconomic Analysis Study for the Rehabilitating and Operating of Medical Bottles Factory in Anbar Governorate
Authors: Al Fahdawi Khamees Khalif Mousa , Kadhem Ryadh Jawad , Ali Mahmoud Abdel Mohsen 
Published: February 2025

The study aims to measure and analyze the economic and social traces to the idea of rehabilitating and operating the medical bottles factory in Anbar Governorate. From this point, the significance of the study is derived to investigate the socio-economic returns based on the process of rehabilitating and operating the medical bottles factory in Anbar Governorate. The results show the socio-economic feasibility criteria used: financial profit, return of one dinar, unit costs of production, profit margin, rate of return on invested capital, payback period, break-even point, net present value, internal rate of return, added value, employment rate, the rate of employment, utilization and savings of foreign exchange) positive, encouraging and supportive results for the process of initiating the rehabilitation and operation of the mentioned factory.
Efecto del recubrimiento de alginato de sodio con gingerol para la conservación de filete de tilapia roja (Oreochromis mossambicus)
Authors: Zambrano Mero Yamilet Estefanía , Armas Granja Sixto Xavier , Casco Toapanta Marjorie Gissela , Cardona González Francisco Xavier 
Published: February 2025

Se evaluó el efecto del recubrimiento a base de alginato de sodio con diferentes concentraciones de gingerol (0%, 0.5%, 1%, y 1.5%) para prolongar la vida útil de la tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) durante 21 días de almacenamiento en refrigeración; utilizando un diseño de bloques completamente al azar, donde se analizaron parámetros microbiológicos, fisicoquímicos, colorimétricos y sensoriales. Los resultados mostraron que el tratamiento tres (T3) con 1.5% de gingerol fue el más efectivo, reduciendo significativamente la carga microbiana de aerobios mesófilos (2.24 log UFC/g) y manteniendo la ausencia de Escherichia coli y Salmonella. Además, este tratamiento también presentó la mayor capacidad de retención de agua (20,11%), estabilidad del pH, niveles bajos de oxidación lipídica (< 0.1 meq o2/kg) y TVB-N (17.54 mg/100 g al día 18). En cuanto a los valores de color indicaron estabilidad en los atributos visuales, mientras que el análisis sensorial reflejó una aceptación neutra por parte de los consumidores, demostrando que el uso de alginato de sodio con gingerol al 1.5% es una manera efectiva para prolongar la calidad microbiológica, fisicoquímica y sensorial de los filetes de tilapia.
INTUSSUSCEPÇÃO INTESTINAL: ABORDAGEM CLÍNICA, DIAGNÓSTICA E TERAPÊUTICA EM DIFERENTES FAIXAS ETÁRIAS
Authors: Chaves Nelson Silvestre Garcia , Silva Vinicius Studzinski da , Souza Isabella Moreira Alves de , Santos José Eduardo Cardoso dos , Reis Paulo Garcia dos , Campos Ana Luísa Braga , Ferreira Lucas Martins Ribeiro , Freitas Vinícius Cangussu , Diniz Natália Mara Xavier , Alves Ariane de Oliveira 
Published: February 2025

Resumo

A intussuscepção intestinal é uma condição caracterizada pela invaginação de um segmento do intestino dentro de outro, resultando em obstrução intestinal e possíveis complicações isquêmicas. Em crianças, é a principal causa de obstrução intestinal, geralmente de origem idiopática, enquanto nos adultos está frequentemente associada a lesões estruturais, incluindo neoplasias. Este estudo revisou aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos, diagnósticos e terapêuticos da doença por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica em bases científicas. A apresentação clínica varia conforme a faixa etária, sendo mais típica na infância, com dor abdominal intermitente, vômitos e fezes sanguinolentas, enquanto nos adultos os sintomas são frequentemente inespecíficos. O diagnóstico baseia-se na ultrassonografia na população pediátrica, evidenciando o sinal em alvo, enquanto a tomografia computadorizada é o exame de escolha para adultos, permitindo a identificação de causas secundárias. O tratamento em crianças prioriza métodos não cirúrgicos, como enemas pneumáticos ou com contraste, enquanto nos adultos a ressecção cirúrgica é geralmente necessária devido ao risco de malignidade subjacente. A detecção precoce e a escolha do tratamento adequado são fundamentais para reduzir morbidade e complicações, destacando-se a importância de uma abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica direcionada conforme a idade e etiologia.

Palavras-chave: Intussuscepção intestinal. Obstrução intestinal. Diagnóstico por imagem. Manejo.
Do College Students Still Need the TOEFL Test as One of Graduation Requirements?
Authors: Wahyuni Linna Endah Nur 
Published: February 2025

For the last five years of conducting TOEFL as a graduation requirement, IAI Al Muhammad Cepu only focused on how to succeed in the test. Meanwhile, the students’ perception of the TOEFL test tends to be ignored. Based on the phenomenon explained above, the writer intended to gain the pros and cons of students’ perception on the TOEFL test as one of the graduation requirements, also whether the TOEFL preparation class is needed or not. This study became essential to be conducted since the findings will be beneficial for many universities considering the regulation for conducting TOEFL Test as one of the graduation requirements. The writer used a qualitative method in which questionnaire and interview as the instruments. From 68 participants who filled out the questionnaire and 12 participants involved in the interview; the findings showed that nearly all participants had pros perception on TOEFL as a graduation requirement. Most of the participants considered TOEFL motivated them to learn English better. Besides, few students had cons perception on the TOEFL test. The students encountered some challenges including little knowledge of the material, grammar mastery, and technical errors during the test. Moreover, the finding revealed that most students perceive that an intensive preparation class is strongly needed.
Disciplinary differences and institutional factors that bear on the international differences in regulating PFAS
Authors: Elliott E. Donald 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Lawyers and scientists are not merely proverbial ships passing in the night; they live on different planets mentally. As a long-time environmental lawyer and law professor who has been happily married to a distinguished toxicologist, Gail Charnley PhD, for over two decades, I have come to see how our professional training influences us to see the world differently. In this essay, I try to explain the difference between how lawyers and scientists view the world and significance of those differences for risk regulation, including the regulation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS).