bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Texture‐based tissue characterization for high‐resolution CT scans of coronary arteries
Authors: Papadakis Manos , Bodmann Bernhard G. , Alexander Simon K. , Vela Deborah , Baid Shikha , Gittens Alex A. , Kouri Donald J. , Gertz S. David , Jain Saurabh , Romero Juan R. , Li Xiao , Cherukuri Paul , Cody Dianna D. , Gladish Gregory W. , Aboshady Ibrahim , Conyers Jodie L. , Casscells S. Ward 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWe analyze localized textural consistencies in high‐resolution X‐ray (computed tomography) CT scans of coronary arteries to identify the appearance of diagnostically relevant changes in tissue. For the efficient and accurate processing of CT volume data, we use fast wavelet algorithms associated with three‐dimensional isotropic multiresolution wavelets that implement a redundant, frame‐based image encoding without directional preference. Our algorithm identifies textural consistencies by correlating coefficients in the wavelet representation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian approximation with remeshing for Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Murea C. M. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAn algorithm that allows remeshing in the arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) framework is presented. At every time step, we could triangulate the domain using either uniform size meshes or adapted meshes. We analyze the conditions when two time‐advancing algorithms based on the backward Euler scheme provide identical approximations. Numerical results are presented for Navier–Stokes equations on moving domain. For three academic tests presented in this paper, the uniform size mesh technique provides more accurate results than the classical ALE method, in particular when the domain is expanding particularly fast. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
EEAODR: An energy‐efficient ad hoc on‐demand routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks
Authors: Dhurandher Sanjay Kumar , Misra Sudip , Obaidat Mohammad S. , Bansal Vikrant , Singh Prithvi Raj , Punia Vikas 
Published: January 2009

AbstractMobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are characterized by random, multi‐hop topologies that do not have a centralized coordinating entity or a fixed infrastructure that may change rapidly over time. In addition, mobile nodes operate with portable and finite power sources. In this work, we propose an energy‐efficient routing protocol for MANETs to minimize energy consumption and increase the network's consistency. Traditional works mainly focused on the shortest path‐based schemes to minimize energy, which might result into network failure because some nodes might exhaust fast as they are used repetitively, while some other nodes might not be used at all. This can lead to energy imbalance and to network life reduction. We propose an energy‐efficient ad hoc on‐demand routing protocol that balances energy load among nodes so that a minimum energy level is maintained among nodes and the network life increases. We focused on increasing the network longevity by distributing energy consumption in the network. We also compared the simulation results with a popular existing on‐demand routing protocol in this area, AODV, to establish the superiority of our approach. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the characteristics of queueing and scheduling at encoding nodes for network coding
Authors: Ma Yi , Li Wei , Fan Pingyi , Letaief K. B. , Liu Xuming 
Published: January 2009

AbstractSynchronization can greatly influence the performance of network coding. In this paper, we shall investigate the synchronization issue based on the use of queueing theory. We shall first propose a queueing model, referred to as the classic model, to investigate the characteristics of the encoding process. It will be proved that given the packet arrival processes are stationary, i.e. the distribution of the arrival processes does not depend on time, and obey independently and identically Poisson distribution and that the encoding time is exponentially distributed, the output flow will be an asymptotically Poisson flow with the same parameter. Through simulation we shall show that the network is sensitive to the arrival rate of input flows and becomes unstable with the input queue size increasing to infinity. This indicates that the classic coding scheme would impose strict requirements on synchronization over the whole network. In order to address this, we shall propose a combined opportunistic scheduling and encoding (COSE) strategy, in which the classic coding scheme and the traditional forwarding algorithm are well integrated. Theoretical analysis and simulation will demonstrate that the COSE strategy is able to control the input queue sizes and keep the network operating in a stable state while maintaining a relatively high throughput, low blocking probability and small waiting delay under various levels of traffic load. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteremia in end‐stage renal disease patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Gnanasekaran Isaiarasi , Bajaj Rishi 
Published: January 2009

AbstractStenotrophomonas maltophilia is typically a low‐virulence gram‐negative bacterium but can become pathogenic in patients in immunocompromised states and can cause nosocomial infections in the presence of invasive medical devices such as central venous catheters, peritoneal catheters, endotracheal/tracheostomy tubes, and urinary catheters, resulting in a variety of infections. End‐stage renal disease patients are immunocompromised, and S. maltophilia bacteremia has been reported in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis via peritoneal catheters. A significant number of patients receive hemodialysis via central venous catheters, which present a high risk for S. maltophilia infection, but to our knowledge, no case has been reported.
Computer‐based undernutrition screening tool for hemodialysis patients
Authors: Elliott Hazel A. , Robb Lianne 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe purpose of this study was to develop and validate a computer‐based screening tool to identify hemodialysis (HD) patients at risk of undernutrition. The computer‐based undernutrition screening tool identifies HD patients at risk of undernutrition as accurately as subjective global assessment (SGA) carried out by an experienced dietitian.METHODSThis was an observational study of 122 HD patients from the Royal Infirmary Haemodialysis Unit and the Western General Satellite Haemodialysis Unit, Edinburgh, Scotland. SGA of all participants was carried out, and the results were compared with the results from the computer‐based screening tool, which looked at the following parameters: pre‐dialysis urea <15 mmol/L, albumin <35 g/L, C‐reactive protein (CRP) >10 mg/L, indicating acute phase response, total cholesterol <3.5 mmol/L, >5% weight loss over 3 months, body mass index <20 kg/m2, midarm muscle circumference (MAMC; muscle mass) <10th percentile, tricep skinfold thickness (fat mass) <10th percentile, sex, age, and time on dialysis.RESULTSCorrelations with SGA results were performed for pre‐dialysis urea (p < 0.001), pre‐dialysis albumin (p < 0.001), CRP (p = 0.005), percentage weight loss (p < 0.001), BMI (p < 0.001), TSF (p < 0.001), and MAMC (p = 0.001). Cholesterol did not reach statistical significance. For clinical reasons, TSF and MAMC were omitted from the final version of the computer‐based screening tool, which comprised pre‐dialysis urea, albumin, CRP, percentage weight loss, and BMI and accounted for 41% of the variability of SGA.DISCUSSIONThe computer‐based screening tool correlated with SGA across the whole range of undernutrition scores (R2 = 0.3406). As the results were based on quantitative data and therefore reproducible with a minimum chance of error, this new tool provides a rapid and easy method of assessing the risk of undernutrition. An outcome study looking at its ability to predict mortality and morbidity is now underway.
Cycle analysis using exhaust heat of SOFC and turbine combined cycle by absorption chiller
Authors: Takezawa Shinya , Wakahara Kenji , Araki Takuto , Onda Kazuo , Nagata Susumu 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe power generating efficiency of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and gas turbine combined cycle is fairly high. However, the exhaust gas temperature of the combined cycle is still high, about 300°C. Thus, it should be recovered for energy saving, for example, by absorption chiller. The energy demand for refrigeration cooling is recently increasing year by year in Japan. We propose here a cogeneration system by series connection of SOFC, gas turbine and LiBr absorption chiller to convert the exhaust heat to the cooling heat. As a result of cycle analysis of the combined system with 500‐kW‐class SOFC, the bottoming single‐effect absorption chiller can produce a refrigerating capacity of about 120 kW, and the double‐effect absorption chiller can produce a little higher refrigerating capacity of about 130 kW without any additional fuel. But the double‐effect absorption chiller became more expensive and complex than the single‐effect chiller. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 167(1): 49– 55, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20578
Calculation of parameters of equivalent circuit of permanent magnet synchronous motor using PSO with grouped agents
Authors: Zanma Tadanao , Kawamura Tomoya , Ishida Muneaki 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis paper presents a calculation method for the parameters of high‐frequency equivalent circuits in inverter‐driven permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM). The high‐frequency oscillatory current, such as leakage current to the motor frame (common‐mode current) and high‐frequency oscillatory line current (normal‐mode current), are a result of switching in inverter transistors. A parameter search method based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. Agents in the algorithm are grouped so that convergence performance is improved. Some simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 167(1): 82– 91, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20766
Kinematic transformations for planar multi‐directional pseudodynamic testing
Authors: Mercan Oya , Ricles James M. , Sause Richard , Marullo Thomas 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe pseudodynamic (PSD) test method imposes command displacements to a test structure for a given time step. The measured restoring forces and displaced position achieved in the test structure are then used to integrate the equations of motion to determine the command displacements for the next time step. Multi‐directional displacements of the test structure can introduce error in the measured restoring forces and displaced position. The subsequently determined command displacements will not be correct unless the effects of the multi‐directional displacements are considered. This paper presents two approaches for correcting kinematic errors in planar multi‐directional PSD testing, where the test structure is loaded through a rigid loading block. The first approach, referred to as the incremental kinematic transformation method, employs linear displacement transformations within each time step. The second method, referred to as the total kinematic transformation method, is based on accurate nonlinear displacement transformations. Using three displacement sensors and the trigonometric law of cosines, this second method enables the simultaneous nonlinear equations that express the motion of the loading block to be solved without using iteration. The formulation and example applications for each method are given. Results from numerical simulations and laboratory experiments show that the total transformation method maintains accuracy, while the incremental transformation method may accumulate error if the incremental rotation of the loading block is not small over the time step. A procedure for estimating the incremental error in the incremental kinematic transformation method is presented as a means to predict and possibly control the error. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modelling hyperconcentrated flow in the Yellow River
Authors: van Maren D. S. , Winterwerp J. C. , Wu B. S. , Zhou J. J. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA large amount of the total sediment load in the Chinese Yellow River is transported during hyperconcentrated floods. These floods are characterized by very high suspended sediment concentrations and rapid morphological changes with alternating sedimentation and erosion in the main channel, and persistent sedimentation on the floodplain. However, the physical mechanisms driving these hyperconcentrated floods are still poorly understood. Numerical modelling experiments of these floods reveal that sedimentation is largely caused by large vertical concentration gradients, both in the channel during the rising stage of the flood, as well as on the floodplains, during a later stage of the flood. These vertical concentration gradients are large because the turbulent mixing rates are reduced by the increased sediment‐induced density gradients, resulting in a positive feedback mechanism that produces high deposition rates. Erosion prevails when the sediment is largely held in suspension due to hindered settling, and is strengthened by the reduced wetted cross‐section caused by massive sedimentation on the floodplain. Observed patterns of erosion and sedimentation during these floods can be qualitatively reproduced with a numerical model in which sediment‐induced density effects and hindered settling are included. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rituximab therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: Chaplin Steve 
Published: January 2009

AbstractChronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) can vary in severity, with some patients requiring chemotherapy while others may not require treatment at all. Rituximab has been evaluated as a first‐line treatment option for CLL in combination with fludarabine and cyclophos‐phamide in patients requiring chemotherapy, and a licence application has been made. In this article, we consider the evidence for rituximab, and its potential place in therapy. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Response of hydrological processes to land‐cover and climate changes in Kejie watershed, south‐west China
Authors: Ma Xing , Xu Jianchu , Luo Yi , Prasad Aggarwal Shiv , Li Jiatong 
Published: January 2009

AbstractLand‐cover/climate changes and their impacts on hydrological processes are of widespread concern and a great challenge to researchers and policy makers. Kejie Watershed in the Salween River Basin in Yunnan, south‐west China, has been reforested extensively during the past two decades. In terms of climate change, there has been a marked increase in temperature. The impact of these changes on hydrological processes required investigation: hence, this paper assesses aspects of changes in land cover and climate. The response of hydrological processes to land‐cover/climate changes was examined using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and impacts of single factor, land‐use/climate change on hydrological processes were differentiated. Land‐cover maps revealed extensive reforestation at the expense of grassland, cropland, and barren land. A significant monotonic trend and noticeable changes had occurred in annual temperature over the long term. Long‐term changes in annual rainfall and streamflow were weak; and changes in monthly rainfall (May, June, July, and September) were apparent. Hydrological simulations showed that the impact of climate change on surface water, baseflow, and streamflow was offset by the impact of land‐cover change. Seasonal variation in streamflow was influenced by seasonal variation in rainfall. The earlier onset of monsoon and the variability of rainfall resulted in extreme monthly streamflow. Land‐cover change played a dominant role in mean annual values; seasonal variation in surface water and streamflow was influenced mainly by seasonal variation in rainfall; and land‐cover change played a regulating role in this. Surface water is more sensitive to land‐cover change and climate change: an increase in surface water in September and May due to increased rainfall was offset by a decrease in surface water due to land‐cover change. A decrease in baseflow caused by changes in rainfall and temperature was offset by an increase in baseflow due to land‐cover change. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Termination as a therapeutic intervention when treating children who have experienced multiple losses
Authors: Many Michele M. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractChildren who have endured traumatizing events often have a history of prior disruptions and losses which also have been experienced as traumatic. Termination of therapy with these children, therefore, provides a unique opportunity for the clinician to provide the traumatized child and his or her caregiver with a new experience of loss; one that is controlled, predictable, and paced. Through this experience, the child and caregiver can develop a new model for loss, one that permits for losses that are a natural part of healthy growth and change. This article outlines one approach to utilizing termination as an integral component of the therapeutic process with infants, toddlers, and preschoolers and their caregivers. Using a psychodynamic model and working dyadically with the child and the caregiver, termination is approached as a primary intervention, pivotal to the successful treatment of this vulnerable population.
Land and water management of tidal lowlands: Experiences in Telang and Saleh, South Sumatra
Authors: Suprianto Hartoyo , Ravaie Erwin , Irianto Sumarjo Gatot , Susanto Robiyanto H. , Schultz Bart , Suryadi F. X. , Van Den Eelaart Ad 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIndonesia has available over 20 million ha of tidal lowlands. In their natural state these are generally waterlogged areas that may be regularly inundated for prolonged periods. Almost 4 million ha of these tidal lowlands have been reclaimed, partly by spontaneous settlers and partly by the government. While the reclaimed areas mainly consist of clay and especially the government schemes have a rational layout, they generally have a good potential for agricultural development, with a rice crop in the wet season and a second rice crop, or a dry food crop, in the dry season.For successful tidal lowland management there is, however, a need for an integrated approach, based on effective water management in combination with adequate farming systems technology and post‐harvest activities. In order to investigate and promote such an integrated approach the programme Land and Water Management Tidal Lowlands (LWMTL) was implemented in the period 2004–06 in three pilot areas in the Musi delta, South Sumatra. It turned out that high yields of field dry husked rice (gabah) up to 8 t ha−1 could be obtained. The paper gives an overview of the programme and the main results. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The immunoglobulin‐like cell adhesion molecule hepaCAM modulates cell adhesion and motility through direct interaction with the actin cytoskeleton
Authors: Moh Mei Chung , Tian Qifeng , Zhang Ting , Lee Lay Hoon , Shen Shali 
Published: January 2009

AbstractPreviously, we reported the identification of a novel immunoglobulin‐like cell adhesion molecule hepaCAM that promotes cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions including cell adhesion and motility. Cell–ECM interactions are known to be directed by the actin cytoskeleton. In this study, we examined the association of hepaCAM with the actin cytoskeleton. We found that hepaCAM was partially insoluble in Triton X‐100 and colocalized with the actin cytoskeleton on the plasma membrane. Disruption of F‐actin decreased the detergent insolubility and disturbed the subcellular localization of hepaCAM. Coimmunoprecipitation and F‐actin cosedimentation assays revealed that hepaCAM directly bound to F‐actin. In addition, we constructed three N‐ and C‐terminal domain‐deleted mutants of hepaCAM to determine the actin‐binding region as well as to evaluate the effect of the domains on the biological function of hepaCAM. Detergent solubility assays showed that the cytoplasmic domain of hepaCAM might be required for actin association. However, deletion of either the extracellular or the cytoplasmic domain of hepaCAM abolished actin coprecipitation as well as delayed cell–ECM adhesion and cell motility. The data suggest that an intact hepaCAM protein is critical for establishing a stable physical association with the actin cytoskeleton; and such association is important for modulating hepaCAM‐mediated cell adhesion and motility. J. Cell. Physiol. 219: 382–391, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Thermodynamic and NMR investigations on the adsorption mechanism of puerarin with oligo‐β‐cyclodextrin‐coupled polystyrene‐based matrix
Authors: Yang Li , Zhang Haiyang , Tan Tianwei , Rahman Ata Ur 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Adsorption of puerarin on native resin polystyrene (PS) and oligo‐β‐cyclodextrin‐coupled matrix (PS‐CDP) was studied for interactions between the adsorbents and the adsorbates. The sorption mechanism on PS‐CDP was investigated using the isosteric heat approach and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.RESULTS: The equilibrium adsorption data of puerarin on the two matrices PS and PS‐CDP (polystyrene‐based matrix before and after coupling by oligo‐β‐cyclodextrin) in the temperature range 288–318 K were well fitted to the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model. The energetic heterogeneity of the media was observed based on the result that the values of isosteric enthalpy were quantitatively correlated with the fractional loading of puerarin adsorption. The more heterogeneous surface of PS‐CDP compared with PS was attributed to the complexation between puerarin and β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD). NMR studies validated the formation of an inclusion complex puerarin/β‐CD.CONCLUSION: Thermodynamic and NMR studies confirmed that multi‐interaction cooperatively governed the isolation of puerarin from aqueous solution on PS‐CDP matrix. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry