bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction. The Platform Age
Authors: Cuppini Niccolò , Frapporti Mattia , Mezzadra Sandro , Pirone Maurilio 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis two-part work brings together the outcomes of the Horizon 2020 Project PLUS, “Platform Labor in Urban Spaces”. Running from December 2018 to March 2022, which included an extension from December 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, this research project investigated the main features and dimensions of the impact of digital platforms on the economy and society, with a specific focus on labour, urban transformations, and welfare. Sixteen partners, including universities, research centres, and cooperatives, investigated the operations of four digital platforms (AirBnb, Deliveroo, Helpling, and Uber) in seven European cities (Barcelona, Berlin, Bologna, Lisbon, London, Paris, and Tallin). The research involved, in different ways, municipalities, independent researchers, platform managers, and established grassroot unions. The fact that the four abovementioned platforms operate in diverse fields—accommodation, food delivery, domestic labour, and transport—has allowed us to carry out a wide-ranging analysis of the rapid spread of digital platforms across the economy and society.
Perceiving Platform Work as Decent Work? Views Regarding Working Conditions Among Platform Taxi Drivers in Tallinn
Authors: Unt Marge , Kall Kairit , Roosalu Triin , Ojamäe Liis 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe global proliferation of neoliberalism, prioritising market primacy, privatisation, and deregulation, has impelled employers to pursue enhanced labour flexibility.
Skills Development as a Political Process: Towards New Forms of Mobilization and Digital Citizenship Among Platform Workers
Authors: Bignami Filippo , Dif-Pradalier Maël , Tiberghien Julie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFinding themselves on the front line of changes to how work is regulated and organized, platform workers need to be directly involved in the redefinition of skills according to a participatory and performative notion of digital citizenship. This is especially true in urban settings, where the relationship between workers and platforms has been shaping new forms of social interaction. The skills needed to keep up with these developments remain to be defined. Understanding skills development as a political process is crucial to ensuring individuals have the means to effectively navigate the platform economy and critically assess the opportunities it provides. Furthermore, such an approach will foster informed political engagement while counteracting manipulation or misinformation.
How to Build Alternatives to Platform Capitalism?
Authors: Cano Melissa Renau , Espelt Ricard , Morell Mayo Fuster 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe platform economy is growing exponentially while creating expectations for its potential to contribute to sustainable development. Despite this, most research studies have concentrated on well-known models such as Uber and Airbnb, dismissing platform alternatives. Thus, research aimed at showing the potential contribution of each platform’s business model to sustainable development is needed. Moreover, there is a gap in literature studying—thorough empirical research—to what extent platform cooperatives are an alternative to unicorn platforms in terms of working conditions. This chapter summarises the research performed in the PLUS project by Dimmons research group. It puts forward a framework to differentiate platform models, which considers governance, economic sustainability, technological and data policies, social responsibility, and external impact dimensions. This framework was tested with an empirical analysis of 60 platforms and a deep study of three alternatives to platform capitalism: Fairbnb, Katuma, and Smart. The research paper found that a sustainable design of a platform economy promotes sustainable development, and showed in what aspects the three platforms studied may be considered an alternative to unicorn platforms in terms of gender equality, work-life balance, and training opportunities.
Social Protection, Basic Income and Taxation in the Digital Economy
Authors: Fumagalli Andrea , Gobetti Sandro , Morini Cristina , Serino Rachele 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDigital platforms represent the technological infrastructure that has become so widespread in the organisation of production, in the transformations of work and in consumer choices that the term “platformisation of work” has been coined as part of the so-called “digital transformation” of society.
The Process of Valorization in the Platform Capitalism
Authors: Fumagalli Andrea 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this essay, I use two different words to express the concept of productive human activity. The first is the Latin term ‘labor’, whose etymology means ‘pain’, ‘punishment’, ‘torture’, ‘suffering’. The second one is the term ‘opus’, again from Latin, which means creative activity that unleashes the human being’s capacity for doing and thinking. The concept of ‘labor’ is assimilable to the Marxian concept of ‘abstract labour’, it is the human activity that produces ‘exchange value’ and is the pivot around which capitalistic wealth creation evolves. By contrast, the concept of ‘opus’ is assimilable to the Marxian concept of ‘concrete labour’, able to produce ‘use value’ for the immediate satisfaction of human needs and dreams. In the capitalist system of production, ‘labour’ is remunerated and codified since it is considered ‘productive’, while ‘opus’ in most cases is free (unpaid) activity, not capable of generating wealth for the economic system (surplus value). Therefore, when referring to capitalist production, only the term ‘labour’ is used. Conversely, the term ‘opus’ together with the term ‘otium’ does not imply capitalist activity. The central theme of contemporary capitalism, which, according to some scholars, can be defined as bio-cognitive capitalism, is precisely the attempt to overcome this dichotomy, deconstructing the capital-labour relationship as we have known it since the industrial and French revolution of the late eighteenth century until today.
An elliptic one-loop amplitude in anti-de-Sitter space
Authors: Stawinski Sven F. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe present full analytic results for the four-point one-loop amplitude of a conformally coupled scalar in four-dimensional Anti-de-Sitter space dual to a primary operator with scaling dimension 1. The computation is based on an intriguing recent discovery, connecting Witten diagrams and flat-space Feynman integrals, which led to an expression of the amplitude of interest as a pure combination of single-valued multiple polylogarithms and an integral which cannot be reduced to multiple polylogarithms. We explicitly evaluate that integral in terms of elliptic multiple polylogarithms, finding that it is not manifestly single-valued unlike the polylogarithmic contributions to the amplitude. Further we compute the symbol of the integral and observe similar structures as for (elliptic) flat-space amplitudes. The result presented here adds to the relatively short list of explicitly known position space curved-space amplitudes beyond tree level, and constitutes the first curved-space amplitude evaluated in terms of elliptic multiple polylogarithms.
General Position Polynomials
Authors: Iršič Vesna , Klavžar Sandi , Rus Gregor , Tuite James 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA subset of vertices of a graph G is a general position set if no triple of vertices from the set lie on a common shortest path in G. In this paper we introduce the general position polynomial as $$\sum _{i \ge 0} a_i x^i$$

∑

i
≥
0

a
i

x
i

, where $$a_i$$

a
i

is the number of distinct general position sets of G with cardinality i. The polynomial is considered for several well-known classes of graphs and graph operations. It is shown that the polynomial is not unimodal in general, not even on trees. On the other hand, several classes of graphs, including Kneser graphs K(n, 2), with unimodal general position polynomials are presented.
The effects of school shootings on risky behavior, health, and human capital
Authors: Deb Partha , Gangaram Anjelica 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe examine the effect of school shootings on risky health behaviors, health, and human capital outcomes of exposed students as adults and on their migration during middle and high school and a few years beyond. We use shootings data compiled by the Center for Homeland Defense and Security along with 2003–2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data to examine risky behaviors, health, and human capital outcomes, and the 2004–2018 American Community Survey to examine migration. We find that students exposed to school shootings experience declines in health and well-being, engage in more risky behaviors, and have worse education and labor market outcomes as young adults. There is no evidence of migration in response to school shootings.
Existence of Walrasian equilibria with discontinuous, non-ordered, interdependent preferences, without free disposal, and with an infinite-dimensional commodity space
Authors: Podczeck Konrad , Yannelis Nicholas C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA new proof of the existence of a Walrasian equilibrium with an infinite dimensional commodity space is provided, which allows agents’ preferences to be discontinuous. The new theorems include as corollaries the existence results of Mas-Collel, Yannelis and Zame, Araujo and Monteiro, and Mas-Collel and Richard, among others.
Competitive asymmetries, birthing asynchrony and sibling rivalry in a social lizard
Authors: Bouffet-Halle Alix , Wapstra Erik , While Geoffrey M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Family life often involves interactions between individuals who have different fitness goals, leading to conflict. Resolution of this conflict is key for the stabilisation of family life. Here, we used a lizard, Liopholis whitii, that lives in facultative family groups to characterise the nature and extent of sibling conflict and test the role that individual and litter characteristics play in shaping conflict between family members. We found significant variation in conflict between family groups, specifically in relation to siblings. In approximately half of the litters, siblings were aggressive towards one another, while in the other half of litters, there was no aggression observed between siblings. There were no differences between aggressive and non-aggressive litters in the key factors predicted to mediate conflict, including sex, offspring size, or litter size. However, in aggressive litters, the maximum amount of within-litter conflict decreased with an increase in the spread between births of siblings. First-born offspring were significantly more likely to be aggressive towards their siblings compared to second and third born offspring. While one offspring was usually the target of that aggression, we found no evidence that any individual-level factor predicted who received aggression. In aggressive litters, aggressive offspring spent a greater amount of time with their mother compared to non-aggressive offspring. Similar asymmetries in the amount of time offspring spent with their mother between siblings were also observed in non-aggressive litters. Combined, our results suggest that birth order is the main driver of sibling conflict in aggressive litters in this facultatively social lizard species, suggesting that birthing asynchrony may provide females with a mechanism to manage conflict.

Significance statement
Conflict is a ubiquitous aspect of family life; it occurs between adults, between parents and offspring as well as between siblings. We show that the extent of conflict between siblings varies considerably within and between families in a lizard that exhibits prolonged associations between parents and offspring. We found no effects of offspring sex or size on within or between litter conflict. Instead, the number of days that passed between the birth of offspring appears to be the main factor that influences how much conflict there is between siblings. Furthermore, birth order was the main factor predicting which offspring was dominant. Combined this suggests that birthing asynchrony, the ability of females to spread out births across multiple days, may play a crucial role in the management of conflict in this system. As the moderation of conflict is crucial for the stabilisation of family life, these results provide important insights into the early evolution of social life.
Participatory and Spatially Explicit Assessment to Envision the Future of Land-Use/Land-Cover Change Scenarios on Selected Ecosystem Services in Southwestern Ghana
Authors: Asante-Yeboah Evelyn , Koo HongMi , Ros-Tonen Mirjam A. F. , Sieber Stefan , Fürst Christine 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSettlement expansion and commercial agriculture affect landscape sustainability and ecosystem service provision. Integrated landscape approaches are promoted to negotiate trade-offs between competing land uses and their reconciliation. Incorporating local perceptions of landscape dynamics as basis for such negotiations is particularly relevant for sub-Saharan Africa, where most people depend on natural ecosystems for livelihoods and well-being. This study applied participatory scenario building and spatially explicit simulation to unravel perceptions of the potential impact of rubber and settlement expansion on the provision of selected ecosystem services in southwestern Ghana under a business-as-usual scenario. We collected data in workshops and expert surveys on locally relevant ecosystem services, their indicator values, and the probable land-use transitions. The data was translated into an assessment matrix and integrated into a spatially explicit modeling platform, allowing visualization and comparison of the impact on ecosystem service provision of land-use scenarios under rubber plantation and settlement expansion. The results show the capacity of current (2020) and future land-use patterns to provide locally relevant ecosystem services, indicating a decline in capacity of ecosystem service provisioning in the future compared to the 2020 land-use patterns, a threat to the benefits humans derive from ecosystems. This highlights urgent need for policies and measures to control the drivers of land-use/land-cover change. Furthermore, the results emphasize the importance of diversifying land-use/land-cover types for sustainable landscape development. The paper contributes new insights into how spatially explicit and semi-quantitative methods can make stakeholder perceptions of landscape dynamics explicit as a basis for implementing integrated landscape approaches.
Enhancing wound regeneration potential of fibroblasts using ascorbic acid-loaded decellularized baby spinach leaves
Authors: Dikici Serkan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDecellularization of plant tissues is an emerging route to fabricate scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Although significant progress has been made in the field of plant tissue decellularization, functionalization of plant scaffolds is still an emerging field, and loading them with L-ascorbic acid to promote skin regeneration has not yet been reported. L-ascorbic acid is an antioxidant that plays a key role in collagen synthesis as a cofactor of lysyl hydroxylase and prolyl hydroxylase. It has been shown to have significant importance in physiological wound healing by stimulating fibroblasts to produce collagen at both the molecular and the genetic levels. In this work, we aimed to fabricate an ascorbic acid-releasing bioactive scaffold by introducing a stable form of ascorbic acid, L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (AA2P), into decellularized baby spinach leaves and investigated its biological activity in vitro. Our results demonstrated that AA2P could be easily introduced into decellularized baby spinach leaf scaffolds and subsequently released within the effective dose range. AA2P-releasing baby spinach leaves were found to increase metabolic activity and enhance collagen synthesis in L929 fibroblasts after 21 days. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the fabrication of a novel functionalized skin tissue engineering scaffold and made a significant contribution to the fields of plant decellularization and skin tissue engineering.
Graphical abstract
Competence of radiologists in cardiac CT and MR imaging in Europe: insights from the ESCR Registry
Authors: Catapano Federica , Moser Lukas Jakob , Francone Marco , Catalano Carlo , Vliegenthart Rozemarijn , Budde Ricardo P. J. , Salgado Rodrigo , Hrabak Paar Maja , Pirnat Maja , Loewe Christian , Nikolaou Konstantin , Williams Michelle C. , Muscogiuri Giuseppe , Natale Luigi , Lehmkuhl Lukas , Sieren Malte Maria , Gutberlet Matthias , Alkadhi Hatem 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Rationale
To provide an overview of the current status of cardiac multimodality imaging practices in Europe and radiologist involvement using data from the European Society of Cardiovascular Radiology (ESCR) MRCT-registry.

Materials and methods
Numbers on cardiac CT and MRI examinations were extracted from the MRCT-registry of the ESCR, entered between January 2011 and October 2023 (n = 432,265). Data collection included the total/annual numbers of examinations, indications, complications, and reporting habits.

Results
Thirty-two countries contributed to the MRCT-registry, including 29 European countries. Between 2011 and 2022, there was a 4.5-fold increase in annually submitted CT examinations, from 3368 to 15,267, and a 3.8-fold increase in MRI examinations, from 3445 to 13,183. The main indications for cardiac CT were suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) (59%) and transcatheter aortic valve replacement planning (21%). The number of patients with intermediate pretest probability who underwent CT for suspected CAD showed an increase from 61% in 2012 to 82% in 2022. The main MRI indications were suspected myocarditis (26%), CAD (21%), and suspected cardiomyopathy (19%). Adverse event rates were very low for CT (0.3%) and MRI (0.7%) examinations. Reporting of CT and MRI examinations was performed mainly by radiologists (respectively 76% and 71%) and, to a lesser degree, in consensus with non-radiologists (19% and 27%, respectively). The remaining examinations (4.9% CT and 1.7% MRI) were reported by non-radiological specialties or in separate readings of radiologists and non-radiologists.

Conclusions
Real-life data on cardiac imaging in Europe using the largest available MRCT-registry demonstrate a considerable increase in examinations over the past years, the vast majority of which are read by radiologists. These findings indicate that radiologists contribute to meeting the increasing demands of competent and effective care in cardiac imaging to a relevant extent.

Clinical relevance statement
The number of cardiac CT and MRI examinations has risen over the past years, and radiologists read the vast majority of these studies as recorded in the MRCT-registry.

Key Points
• The number of cardiac imaging examinations is constantly increasing.
• Radiologists play a central role in providing cardiac CT and MR imaging services to a large volume of patients.
• Cardiac CT and MR imaging examinations performed and read by radiologists show a good safety profile.

Graphical Abstract
Kardiogenetik in Deutschland – ein (Rück‑)Blick
Authors: Schulze-Bahr E. 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Entwicklung des Kardiogenetik in Deutschland hat seit der Mitte der 90er Jahre eine zunehmende Entwicklung mit vielen eigenen, zum Teil wichtigen und wegweisenden Beiträge. Ausgangspunkt war und ist immer noch der Patient mit seiner Familie, z. B. mit einer familiären Arrhythmieform oder einer Kardiomyopathie, die Aufklärung der genetischen Ursache und die personalisierte Behandlung der Betroffenen. Das wissenschaftliche, immer transnational orientierte Interesse, ein ursächliches Gen zu identifizieren und den zugrundeliegenden Pathomechanismus aufzudecken, hat beim Brugada-Syndrom, Kurzen QT-Syndrom und Erregungsleitungsstörung oder Sinusknotendysfunktion, aber auch bei DCM oder ARVC zu beachteten Beiträgen geführt. Wichtig ist jedoch der Weg zurück (bench > bed side): Implementierung von nationalen wie internationalen Empfehlungen zur kardiogenetischen Diagnostik in die kardiologische Versorgung und die personalisierte Betreuung und Therapie Betroffener.
Entwicklung der Katheterablation supraventrikulärer Tachykardien unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Beiträge deutscher Ingenieure und Elektrophysiologen
Authors: Hindricks Gerhard , Tscholl Verena , Dagres Nikolaos , Attanasio Philipp , Huemer Martin 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Entwicklung und klinische Implementierung der Katheterablation supraventrikulärer Tachykardien ist eine der herausragenden Errungenschaften moderner kardiovaskulärer Behandlung. Innerhalb von weniger als 40 Jahren ist es gelungen, für fast alle Formen von Vorhofrhythmusstörungen eine kurative und sichere Behandlungsstrategie zu entwickeln und flächendeckend zu implementieren. Deutsche Elektrophysiologen und Ingenieure haben einen wesentlichen Beitrag zu dieser wirklich herausragenden Erfolgsgeschichte in der Medizin geleistet. Diese Beiträge sollen im Kontext der zeitlichen Entwicklung dargestellt und gewürdigt werden. Ohne diese Beiträge wäre die Entwicklung der Ablationstechnologie und ihre weltweite Verbreitung nicht möglich gewesen. Sowohl die technologischen Beiträge wie auch die medizinisch-elektrophysiologischen Beiträge lagen in der absoluten Frontlinie der weltweiten Entwicklungen und haben einen wesentlichen Beitrag dazu geleistet, dass heute in jedem Jahr mehr als 500.000 Patienten mit symptomatischen und/oder bedrohlichen Herzrhythmusstörungen mithilfe der Katheterablation erfolgreich behandelt werden können. Ihnen allen sei für ihre Beiträge herzlich gedankt.