bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VO2/MoO3 Heterojunctions Artificial Optoelectronic Synapse Devices for Near‐Infrared Optical Communication
Authors: Guo Fuhai , Liu Yunjie , Zhang Mingcong , Yu Weizhuo , Li Siqi , Zhang Bo , Hu Bing , Li Shuangshuang , Sun Ankai , Jiang Jianyu , Hao Lanzhong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractArtificial optoelectronic synapses (OES) have attracted extensive attention in brain‐inspired information processing and neuromorphic computing. However, OES at near‐infrared wavelengths have rarely been reported, seriously limiting the application in modern optical communication. Herein, high‐performance near‐infrared OES devices based on VO2/MoO3 heterojunctions are presented. The textured MoO3 films are deposited on the sputtered VO2 film by using the glancing‐angle deposition technique to form a heterojunction device. Through tuning the oxygen defects in the VO2 film, the fabricated VO2/MoO3 heterojunction exhibits versatile electrical synaptic functions. Benefiting from the highly efficient light harvesting and the unique interface effect, the photonic synaptic characteristics, mainly including the short/long‐term plasticity and learning experience behavior are successfully realized at the O (1342 nm) and C (1550 nm) optical communication wavebands. Moreover, a single OES device can output messages accurately by converting light signals of the Morse code to distinct synaptic currents. More importantly, a 3 × 3 artificial OES array is constructed to demonstrate the impressive image perceiving and learning capabilities. This work not only indicates the feasibility of defect and interface engineering in modulating the synaptic plasticity of OES devices, but also provides effective strategies to develop advanced artificial neuromorphic visual systems for next‐generation optical communication systems.
Interfacial Layer Materials with a Truxene Core for Dopant‐Free NiOx‐Based Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Ramanujam Rajarathinam , Hsu Hsiang‐Lin , Shi Zhong‐En , Lung Chien‐Yu , Lee Chin‐Han , Wubie Gebremariam Zebene , Chen Chih‐Ping , Sun Shih‐Sheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNickel oxide (NiOx) is commonly used as a holetransporting material (HTM) in p‐i‐n perovskite solar cells. However, the weak chemical interaction between the NiOx and CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) interface results in poor crystallinity, ineffective hole extraction, and enhanced carrier recombination, which are the leading causes for the limited stability and power conversion efficiency (PCE). Herein, two HTMs, TRUX‐D1 (N2,N7,N12‐tris(9,9‐dimethyl‐9H‐fluoren‐2‐yl)‐5,5,10,10,15,15‐hexaheptyl‐N2,N7,N12‐tris(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐10,15‐dihydro‐5H‐diindeno[1,2‐a:1′,2′‐c]fluorene‐2,7,12‐triamine) and TRUX‐D2 (5,5,10,10,15,15‐hexaheptyl‐N2,N7,N12‐tris(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐N2,N7,N12‐tris(10‐methyl‐10H‐phenothiazin‐3‐yl)‐10,15‐dihydro‐5H‐diindeno[1,2‐a:1′,2′‐c]fluorene‐2,7,12‐triamine), are designed with a rigid planar C3 symmetry truxene core integrated with electron‐donating amino groups at peripheral positions. The TRUX‐D molecules are employed as effective interfacial layer (IFL) materials between the NiOx and MAPbI3 interface. The incorporation of truxene‐based IFLs improves the quality of perovskite crystallinity, minimizes nonradiative recombination, and accelerates charge extraction which has been confirmed by various characterization techniques. As a result, the TRUX‐D1 exhibits a maximum PCE of up to 20.8% with an impressive long‐term stability. The unencapsulated device retains 98% of their initial performance following 210 days of aging in a glove box and 75.5% for the device after 80 days under ambient air condition with humidity over 40% at 25 °C.
A Highly Dispersed Cobalt Electrocatalyst with Electron‐Deficient Centers Induced by Boron toward Enhanced Adsorption and Electrocatalysis for Room‐Temperature Sodium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Tang Kejian , Peng Xiangqi , Zhang Ziying , Li Guohao , Wang Jie , Wang Yingxinjie , Chen Chi , Zhang Nan , Xie Xiuqiang , Wu Zhenjun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs vitally prospective candidates for next‐generation energy storage systems, room‐temperature sodium–sulfur (RT‐Na/S) batteries continue to face obstacles in practical implementation due to the severe shuttle effect of sodium polysulfides and sluggish S conversion kinetics. Herein, the study proposes a novel approach involving the design of a B, N co‐doped carbon nanotube loaded with highly dispersed and electron‐deficient cobalt (Co@BNC) as a highly conductive host for S, aiming to enhance adsorption and catalyze redox reactions. Crucially, the pivotal roles of the carbon substrate in prompting the electrocatalytic activity of Co are elucidated. The experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations both demonstrate that after B doping, stronger chemical adsorption toward polysulfides (NaPSs), lower polarization, faster S conversion kinetics, and more complete S transformation are achieved. Therefore, the as‐assembled RT‐Na/S batteries with S/Co@BNC deliver a high reversible capacity of 626 mAh g−1 over 100 cycles at 0.1 C and excellent durability (416 mAh g−1 over 600 cycles at 0.5 C). Even at 2 C, the capacity retention remains at 61.8%, exhibiting an outstanding rate performance. This work offers a systematic way to develop a novel Co electrocatalyst for RT‐Na/S batteries, which can also be effectively applied to other transition metallic electrocatalysts.
Designing Atomic Interface in Sb2S3/CdS Heterojunction for Efficient Solar Water Splitting
Authors: Yang Minji , Fan Zeyu , Du Jinyan , Feng Chao , Li Ronghua , Zhang Beibei , Pastukhova Nadiia , Valant Matjaz , Finšgar Matjaž , Mavrič Andraž , Li Yanbo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the emerging Sb2S3‐based solar energy conversion devices, a CdS buffer layer prepared by chemical bath deposition is commonly used to improve the separation of photogenerated electron‐hole pairs. However, the cation diffusion at the Sb2S3/CdS interface induces detrimental defects but is often overlooked. Designing a stable interface in the Sb2S3/CdS heterojunction is essential to achieve high solar energy conversion efficiency. As a proof of concept, this study reports that the modification of the Sb2S3/CdS heterojunction with an ultrathin Al2O3 interlayer effectively suppresses the interfacial defects by preventing the diffusion of Cd2+ cations into the Sb2S3 layer. As a result, a water‐splitting photocathode based on Ag:Sb2S3/Al2O3/CdS heterojunction achieves a significantly improved half‐cell solar‐to‐hydrogen efficiency of 2.78% in a neutral electrolyte, as compared to 1.66% for the control Ag:Sb2S3/CdS device. This work demonstrates the importance of designing atomic interfaces and may provide a guideline for the fabrication of high‐performance stibnite‐type semiconductor‐based solar energy conversion devices.
Hybrid Cellular Nanovesicles Block PD‐L1 Signal and Repolarize M2 Macrophages for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Zhao Chenchen , Pan Yuanwei , Liu Lujie , Zhang Jing , Wu Xianjia , Liu Yu , Zhao Xing‐Zhong , Rao Lang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe PD1/PD‐L1 immune checkpoint blocking is a promising therapy, while immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and poor tumor penetration of therapeutic antibodies limit its efficacy. Repolarization of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) offers a potential method to ameliorate immunosuppression of TME and further boost T cell antitumor immunity. Herein, hybrid cell membrane biomimetic nanovesicles (hNVs) are developed by fusing M1 macrophage‐derived nanovesicles (M1‐NVs) and PD1‐overexpressed tumor cell‐derived nanovesicles (PD1‐NVs) to improve cancer immunotherapy. The M1‐NVs promote the transformation of M2‐like TAMs to M1‐like phenotype and further increase the release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, resulting in improved immunosuppressive TME. Concurrently, the PD1‐NVs block PD1/PD‐L1 pathway, which boosts cancer immunotherapy when combined with M1‐NVs. In a breast cancer mouse model, the hNVs efficiently accumulate at the tumor site after intravenous injection and significantly inhibit the tumor growth. Mechanically, the M1 macrophages and CD8+ T lymphocytes in TME increase by twofold after the treatment, indicating effective immune activation. These results suggest the hNVs as a promising strategy to integrate TME improvement with PD1/PD‐L1 blockade for cancer immunotherapy.
MOFs and MOF‐Based Composites as Next‐Generation Materials for Wound Healing and Dressings
Authors: Bigham Ashkan , Islami Negar , Khosravi Arezoo , Zarepour Atefeh , Iravani Siavash , Zarrabi Ali 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn recent years, there has been growing interest in developing innovative materials and therapeutic strategies to enhance wound healing outcomes, especially for chronic wounds and antimicrobial resistance. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) represent a promising class of materials for next‐generation wound healing and dressings. Their high surface area, pore structures, stimuli‐responsiveness, antibacterial properties, biocompatibility, and potential for combination therapies make them suitable for complex wound care challenges. MOF‐based composites promote cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and matrix synthesis, acting as carriers for bioactive molecules and promoting tissue regeneration. They also have stimuli‐responsivity, enabling photothermal therapies for skin cancer and infections. Herein, a critical analysis of the current state of research on MOFs and MOF‐based composites for wound healing and dressings is provided, offering valuable insights into the potential applications, challenges, and future directions in this field. This literature review has targeted the multifunctionality nature of MOFs in wound‐disease therapy and healing from different aspects and discussed the most recent advancements made in the field. In this context, the potential reader will find how the MOFs contributed to this field to yield more effective, functional, and innovative dressings and how they lead to the next generation of biomaterials for skin therapy and regeneration.
A validated extraction technique followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet analysis for the assay of melittin as an indicator component of honey bee venom in cosmeceutical products
Authors: Akhtari Negin , Banan Kamran , Fatahian Farnaz , Vatanpour Hossein , Rezadoost Hassan , Ghorbani‐Bidkorpeh Fatemeh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHoney bee venom (HBV) is a valuable bee product famous for its therapeutic efficacy. HBV has a complex matrix containing several compounds, of which melittin is identified as the major component and can be considered an indicator compound. According to the numerous pharmacological effects of HBV, it can be a great candidate as an efficient active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). Despite the widespread analysis of crude HBV, not enough evaluations have been conducted on HBV pharmaceutical products, which is crucial in quality control procedures. Following the importance of APIs assay, we aimed to develop a feasible and valid HBV extraction method from cosmeceutical creams using precipitation techniques, and an analysis method was developed and validated based on high‐performance liquid chromatography.The analysis was well performed with a high separation capability. The method was repeatable and accurate and exhibited a linear behavior in melittin's 0.1–1.4 mg/mL concentration range. Accordingly, the extraction method revealed a notable recovery between 86% and 104%, and a 0.007 mg/mL detection limit and 0.022 mg/mL limit of quantification were estimated, respectively.Consequently, both extraction and analysis methods were considered valid and feasible, which may influence the quality control tests of HBV pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.
Experimental investigation of punching shear behavior of flat slabs supported by rectangular columns and loaded with various load patterns
Authors: Šarvaicová Simona , Borzovič Viktor , Halvonik Jaroslav 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe paper presents the results of an original experimental program that was focused on punching shear behavior of flat slabs supported by rectangular columns with a column rectangularity index cmax/cmin = 1.0, 4.33, and 6.33 and slabs supported by elongated columns that were loaded by four different load patterns. Seven isolated flat slab specimens with a thickness of 200 mm were tested until their failure. An effect of the column geometry and the way of the flat slab loading on punching shear capacity of slab‐column connections were investigated. The obtained experimental results were confronted with predictions carried out with the design provisions from code of practice EC2 (2004), ACI 318‐19, and prEC2 (2021) and the original Critical Shear Crack Theory (CSCT) (2008) model developed by Muttoni. Experimental results confirmed an effect of column rectangularity on punching shear resistance when a value of shear strength ratio Vtest/Vmodel was below one in the specimens with cmax/cmin > 2. The highest punching resistance was achieved in slab specimen with loading pattern x/2y where x is an axis along the column dimension cmax. The lowest capacity was achieved with a loading pattern 9x/y where 90% of the load flew perpendicular to the axis “y” parallel with cmin. The most accurate and balanced predictions provided CSCT (2008) model.
Qi‐dan‐dihuang decoction ameliorates renal fibrosis in diabetic rats via p38MAPK/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Kuang Liuyan , You Yanting , Qi Jieying , Chen Jieyu , Zhou Xinghong , Ji Shuai , Cheng Jingru , Kwan Hiu Yee , Jiang Pingping , Sun Xiaomin , Su Mengting , Wang Ming , Chen Wenxiao , Luo Ren , Zhao Xiaoshan , Zhou Lin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractContextQi‐dan‐dihuang decoction (QDD) has been used to treat diabetic kidney disease (DKD), but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.ObjectiveThis study reveals the mechanism by which QDD ameliorates DKD.Materials and MethodsThe compounds in QDD were identified by high‐performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS). Key targets and signaling pathways were screened through bioinformatics. Nondiabetic Lepr db/m mice were used as control group, while Lepr db/db mice were divided into model group, dapagliflozin group, 1% QDD‐low (QDD‐L), and 2% QDD‐high (QDD‐H) group. After 12 weeks of administration, 24 h urinary protein, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels were detected. Kidney tissues damage and fibrosis were evaluated by pathological staining. In addition, 30 mmol/L glucose‐treated HK‐2 and NRK‐52E cells to induce DKD model. Cell activity and migration capacity as well as protein expression levels were evaluated.ResultsA total of 46 key target genes were identified. Functional enrichment analyses showed that key target genes were significantly enriched in the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. In addition, in vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that QDD ameliorated renal fibrosis in diabetic mice by resolving inflammation and inhibiting the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) via the p38MAPK and AKT‐mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways.Discussion and ConclusionQDD inhibits EMT and the inflammatory response through the p38MAPK and AKT/mTOR signaling pathways, thereby playing a protective role in renal fibrosis in DKD.
First report of kyphoscoliosis in the narrow‐ridged finless porpoises (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis): Findings from congenital and degenerative cases comparison using post‐mortem computed tomography
Authors: Yuen Adams Hei Long , Kim Sang Wha , Lee Kyunglee , Lee Young Min , Lee Sung Bin , Kim Min Ju , Poon Cherry Tsz Ching , Jung Won Joon , Jo Su Jin , Hwang Mae Hyun , Park Jae Hong , Park Dasol , Giri Sib Sankar , Seok Seung Hyeok , Park Se Chang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionSpinal deformities, including kyphoscoliosis, have been consistently documented in cetaceans. However, the majority of reported cases of kyphoscoliosis in cetaceans pertain to bottlenose dolphins, with limited information on its occurrence in narrow‐ridged finless porpoise (NFP) (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis).Materials and methodsIn November 2021, two deceased NFPs were discovered stranded on the shores of the Republic of Korea. As part of the pioneer stranded cetacean imaging programme in the Republic of Korea, both carcasses underwent post‐mortem computed tomography (PMCT), revealing congenital and degenerative traumatic kyphoscoliosis, respectively.ResultsAlthough kyphoscoliosis may not have directly caused the demise of these individuals, it is hypothesized that the reduced spinal range of motion and mobility associated with kyphoscoliosis may have contributed to their deaths.ConclusionThis case report presents the first documented cases of kyphoscoliosis in two NFPs stranded in Korean waters, utilizing PMCT as an efficient methodology for assessing skeletal abnormalities in cetaceans.
Symplectic groupoids and Poisson electrodynamics
Authors: Kupriyanov Vladislav G. , Sharapov Alexey A. , Szabo Richard J. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We develop a geometric approach to Poisson electrodynamics, that is, the semi-classical limit of noncommutative U(1) gauge theory. Our framework is based on an integrating symplectic groupoid for the underlying Poisson brackets, which we interpret as the classical phase space of a point particle on noncommutative spacetime. In this picture gauge fields arise as bisections of the symplectic groupoid while gauge transformations are parameterized by Lagrangian bisections. We provide a geometric construction of a gauge invariant action functional which minimally couples a dynamical charged particle to a background electromagnetic field. Our constructions are elucidated by several explicit examples, demonstrating the appearances of curved and even compact momentum spaces, the interplay between gauge transformations and spacetime diffeomorphisms, as well as emergent gravity phenomena.
T-duality/plurality of BTZ black hole metric coupled to two fermionic fields
Authors: Eghbali Ali , Hosseinpour-Sadid Meysam , Rezaei-Aghdam Adel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We ask the question of classical super (non-)Abelian T-duality for BTZ black hole metric coupling to two fermionic fields. Our approach is based on super Poisson-Lie (PL) T-duality in the presence of spectator fields. In order to study the Abelian T-duality of the metric we dualize over the Abelian Lie supergroups of the types (1|2) and (2|2), in such a way that it is shown that both original and dual backgrounds of the models are conformally invariant up to one-loop order in the presence of field strength. Then, we study the non-Abelian T-duality of the BTZ vacuum metric coupling to two fermionic fields. The dualizing is performed on some non-Abelian Lie supergroups of the type (2|2), in such a way that we are dealing with semi-Abelian superdoubles which are non-isomorphic as Lie superalgebras in each of the models. In the non-Abelian T-duality case, it is interesting to mention that the models can be conformally invariant up to one-loop order in both cases of the absence and presence of field strength. In addition, starting from the decomposition of semi-Abelian Drinfeld superdoubles generated by some of the $$ \mathcal{C} $$
C
3 ⨁ $$ \mathcal{A} $$
A
1,1 Lie superbialgebras we study the super PL T-plurality of the BTZ vacuum metric coupled to two fermionic fields. However, our findings are interesting in themselves, but at a constructive level, can prompt many new insights into supergravity and manifestly have interesting mathematical relationships with double field theory.
When the moduli space is an orbifold: spontaneous breaking of continuous non-invertible symmetries
Authors: Damia Jeremias Aguilera , Argurio Riccardo , Chaudhuri Soumyadeep 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We investigate theories of Nambu-Goldstone bosons where the spontaneously broken continuous symmetry is non-invertible. In such theories, the vacua generically parameterize an orbifold. We study in detail the simplest example of a single free scalar with shift symmetry, modded by reflection symmetry. At singular points of the vacuum manifold, we show that the spectrum of NG excitations is reduced, in particular there are no single-particle states. At the smooth points, on the other hand, single NG modes are present. We show that this is a consequence of the fact that at those points one can construct invertible operators implementing the continuous symmetry on the Hilbert space.
Confinement from distance in metric space and its relation to cosmological constant
Authors: Mohseni Amineh , Torabian Mahdi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We argue that, in a theory of quantum gravity, the gauge coupling and the confinement scale of a gauge theory are related to distance in the space of metric configurations, and in turn to the cosmological constant. To support the argument, we compute the gauge kinetic functions in variuos supersymmetric Heterotic and type II string compactifications and show that they depend on distance. According to the swampland program, the distance between two (anti) de Sitter vacua in the space of metric configurations is proportional to the logarithm of the ratio of cosmological constants and thus the confinement scale depends on the value of the cosmological constant. In this framework, for de Sitter space, we revisit the swampland Festina Lente bound and gauge theories in the dark dimension scenario. We show that if the Festina Lente bound is realized in a de Sitter vacuum and dependence on distance is strong enough, it will be realized in vacua with higher cosmological constants. In dark dimension scenario, as the value of cosmological constant is related to the decompactifying dimension, we find that the confinement scale is indeed related to radius of dark dimension. We show that in this scenario the Festina Lente bound holds for the standard model QCD, as well as all confining gauge groups with Nc ≲ 103.
On AdS/CFT duality in the twisted sector of string theory on AdS5 × S5/ℤ2 orbifold background
Authors: Skrzypek Torben , Tseytlin Arkady A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We consider type IIB string theory on an AdS5 × S5/ℤ2 orbifold background, which should be dual to 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 superconformal SU(N) × SU(N) gauge theory with two bi-fundamental hypermultiplets. The correlator of two chiral BPS operators from the twisted sector of this quiver CFT exhibits non-trivial dependence on the ’t Hooft coupling λ already in the planar limit. This dependence was recently determined using localisation and the expansion at large λ contains a subleading contribution proportional to ζ(3)λ−3/2. We address the question of how to reproduce this correction on the string theory side by starting with the ζ(3)α′3 term in the type IIB string effective action. We find a regular solution of type IIB supergravity which represents a resolution of the AdS5 × S5/ℤ2 orbifold and demonstrate that the relevant light twisted sector states may be identified as additional supergravity 2-form modes “wrapping” a finite 2-cycle in the resolution space. Reproducing the structure of the gauge theory result becomes more transparent in the large R-charge or BMN-like limit in which the resolved background takes a pp-wave form with the transverse space being a product of ℝ4 and the Eguchi-Hanson space.