bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Audiovisual Aid in Reduction of Dental Anxiety during Tooth Extraction: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Rehman Ijaz ur , Babar Palwasha , Qaiser Uswa , Amin Salman , Saeed Tooba , Tayyab Tahmasub Faraz 
Published: February 2024

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>
<p><strong>Background and Objective: </strong>Dental anxiety has been reported to be the fifth most prevalent reason for anxiety among adults. It is a negative psychological effect of the stress-induced, precisely due to dental treatment. This study was conducted to assess the effect of audiovisual aid in reducing dental anxiety during tooth extraction.</p>
<p><strong>Methodology:</strong> 162 participants who needed tooth extraction were randomly divided into two groups of 81, each using a simple randomization method using the lottery method. Participants in Group A were given verbal information about the procedure preoperatively, while participants in Group B were shown an audiovisual clip. Preoperative and postoperative anxiety levels were self-reported by the patients on the Visual Analogue Scale from 0 to 10. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.</p>
<p><strong>Results:</strong> The mean age of the study participants was 35.69. Among the 162 participants, 43.8% were females, and 56.2% were males. The mean score for preoperative anxiety for groups A and B was 6.79 and 7.02, respectively. In both groups, postoperative anxiety levels were 4.37 and 2.33, respectively. A statistically significant association was observed in the reduction of anxiety scores between the two groups.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Audiovisual aid can serve as an effective tool for reducing dental anxiety among patients undergoing tooth extractions.</p>
Effectiveness of 5% Topical Zinc Sulphate Solution in Reduction of Acne Vulgaris in Patients of Lahore
Authors: Aqeel Ayesha , Qamar Muneeza , Gillani Aneela , Khalid Sehrish , Javed Mahwish 
Published: February 2024

<p style="margin: 0in; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;"><strong><span style="color: #252525;">Background:</span></strong><span style="color: #252525;"> Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition caused by excessive sebum production, bacterial colonization, and inflammation.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;"><strong><span style="color: #252525;">Objective: </span></strong><span style="color: #252525;">To determine the effect of the 5% topical zinc sulfate solution on reducing the GAGS score in patients with acne vulgaris.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;"><strong><span style="color: #252525;">Methodology: </span></strong><span style="color: #252525;">This descriptive case series study was conducted in the department of dermatology of a public sector hospital<strong>&nbsp;</strong>from August 1, 2019, to February 1, 2020. A<strong> </strong>total of one hundred participants fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Pretreatment photographs were taken, and the baseline GAGS score was documented. Each patient was instructed to use 5% topical zinc sulfate twice daily on the affected area for two months. Compliance was assured by follow-up after every 15 days. The participants were followed up for two months to assess the changes in the GAGS score.<strong> </strong></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;"><strong><span style="color: #252525;">Results:</span></strong><span style="color: #252525;"> A total of one hundred participants suffering from acne vulgaris were included. The mean age was 28.6 years. There were 46 (46.0%) males and 54 (54.0%) females. After two months of use of the 5% topical zinc sulfate for acne vulgaris, 29 (29.0%) had no response, while 45 (45.0%) and 26 (26.0%) had a fair and good response, respectively.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;"><strong><span style="color: #252525;">Conclusion:</span></strong><span style="color: #252525;"> The 5% zinc sulfate solution demonstrated a significant reduction in the GAGs score. Most responders, particularly those with disease severity grades II and I, exhibited a significant therapeutic response, suggesting it to be an effective mode of treatment for patients with mild to moderate acne.</span></p>
Petrogenesis and tectonic implications of the Bloubergstrand basaltic andesites, Tygerberg Formation, Malmesbury Group, Pan-African Saldania Belt, southwestern Africa
Authors: Bailie R. , Weber B. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Bloubergstrand Member, consisting of mafic to intermediate tuffs and flows within the Tygerberg Formation of the Malmesbury Group, is a crucial but understudied component of the western Saldania Belt in southwestern Africa. With a U-Pb zircon age of 555 ± 5 Ma, these volcanic rocks provide valuable insights into the origins and, more broadly, the tectonic setting of the Saldania Belt during the final stages of Malmesbury Group sedimentation in the context of the construction of southwestern Gondwana at approximately 560 to 540 Ma.
The Bloubergstrand Member amygdaloidal volcanic rocks vary from basaltic andesitic to andesitic and have experienced varying degrees of alteration. The volcanic rocks are enriched in the large ion lithophile elements (LILE) relative to the high field strength elements (HFSE). When normalised to primitive mantle values, they show enrichment in Cs, Rb, K and Pb and mild enrichment in Th, U, Zr and Hf, with the light rare earth elements (LREE) enriched relative to the heavy rare earth elements (HREE). They are depleted in Ba, Nb, Ta, Sr, Eu, P and Ti. εNd(t) values are mildly negative ranging from -3.60 to -2.39, and Nd TDM model ages range from 1.4 to 1.7 Ga. Initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios vary from 0.70478 to 0.70620, with one higher value of 0.72270, the latter likely due to extensive alteration.
The Bloubergstrand Member volcanic rocks exhibit characteristics suggesting their origin from partial melting of lithospheric to transitional asthenospheric upper mantle, influenced by sediment-derived melts and variable degrees of crustal contamination. With continental arc basalt compositions and similarities to shoshonites, the samples reflect variable degrees of partial melting and source heterogeneities. Fractional crystallisation of pyroxenes, hornblende, and plagioclase contributes to compositional variability. Erupting in a continental arc margin, likely part of the Arachania block of the Kalahari craton, separated during the Tonian break-up of Rodinia, the volcanics were associated with the Marmora basin formed by eastward-directed subduction below the western Kaapvaal Craton margin. Extruded in a distal position relative to the Cuchilla Dionisio Arc in present-day southern Brazil and Uruguay, these volcanic rocks preceded the closure of the southern Marmora basin. The mantle melting, possibly a result of slab roll-back, break-off, ridge subduction, or a combination, served as a precursor to the lower crustal heating that generated the granitic magmas of the Cape Granite Suite.
Pemahaman Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas tentang Konsep Fungsi Invers
Authors: Purba Wahyu Aditya Suranta , Hasbi M , Usman Usman , Bambang RM 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Mathematical understanding is a person's capacity to recognize mathematical information and how this information is used as a strategy for solving an existing problem to achieve ease in obtaining the truth. However, students are still found who lack an understanding of inverse functions. This is very unfortunate, even though the inverse function is one of the materials that students must understand. This research aims to analyze students' mathematical understanding of inverse function material. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The research subjects were 28 class XI students at one of Banda Aceh's high schools. Data collection used two instruments, namely a mathematical understanding test, and an interview guide. The triangulation used is time triangulation. The indicators tested on the test subjects were 1) restating the definition of the inverse function; 2) identifying functions that have an inverse and do not have an inverse; 3) showing examples and non-examples of functions that have an inverse; and 4) apply procedures and algorithms in solving inverse function problems. Based on the results of the analysis, show that a small number of students fulfill all the indicators of understanding in solving inverse function questions. Most students can apply the procedure but are unable to relate the answer to the concept of inverse functions.

Keywords: Inverse functions; Comprehension indicators; Mathematical understanding.

Abstrak
Pemahaman matematis adalah kapasitas seseorang untuk mengenali informasi matematika dan bagaimana informasi tersebut digunakan sebagai strategi penyelesaian suatu permasalahan yang ada sehingga tercapainya kemudahan dalam memperoleh kebenaran. Namun faktanya masih ditemukan siswa yang kurang memiliki pemahaman fungsi invers. Hal ini sangat disayangkan, padahal fungsi invers merupakan salah satu materi yang harus dipahami oleh siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana pemahaman matematis siswa pada materi fungsi invers. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. subjek penelitian yaitu 28 siswa kelas XI di salah satu SMA Banda Aceh. Pengumpulan data menggunakan dua instrument yaitu tes pemahaman matematis dan panduan wawancara. Triangulasi yang digunakan adalah triangulasi waktu. Indikator yang diuji kepada subjek tes yaitu 1) menyatakan ulang definisi fungsi invers; 2) mengidentifikasikan fungsi yang memiliki invers dan tidak memiliki invers; 3) menunjukkan contoh dan non-contoh fungsi yang memiliki invers; dan 4) menerapkan prosedur dan algoritma dalam menyelesaikan soal fungsi invers. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukkan sebagian kecil siswa memenuhi keseluruhan indikator pemahaman dalam menyelesaikan soal fungsi invers. Sebagian besar siswa mampu menerapkan prosedur namun tidak mampu mengaitkan jawaban dengan konsep dari fungsi invers.

Kata Kunci: Fungsi invers; Indikator Pemahaman; Pemahaman Matematis.
The productivity of perennial ryegrass as affected by seeding rates and techniques
Authors: Золотарев В.Н. 
Published: February 2024

Исследования по изучению норм высева и способов посева при ширине междурядий 15 и 30 см райграса пастбищного сорта ВИК 22 проводили в 2018–2021 годах на опытном поле ФНЦ «ВИК им. В. Р. Вильямса». Цель работы — выявить оптимальные нормы высева и способы посева семян райграса пастбищного сорта ВИК 22, обеспечивающие формирование структуры семенного травостоя с лучшими параметрами для получения наиболее высокой урожайности в условиях Центрального Нечерноземья России. В технологическом опыте был произведён посев райграса с нормами высева от 4 до 16 кг/га (в пересчёте на 100% посевную годность) с интервалом 2 кг/га при ширине междурядий 15 и 30 см. Это позволило сформировать посевы с густотой всходов от 75 до 302 шт./м2. Полевая всхожесть в зависимости от норм высева и способов составляла от 51 до 56%. В травостоях 1-го года пользования наибольшее количество генеративных побегов — от 1152 до 1314 шт./м2 — насчитывалось в посевах с нормами от 8 до 16 кг/га. Однако вследствие загущения с увеличением норм высева количество колосков в колосе и их обсеменённость снижались на 11–15% при последовательном увеличении полегания посевов с 44–47 до 66%. Наиболее высокие сборы семян — 0,94–1,07 т/га — в 1-й год использования травостоя были получены при нормах высева от 8 до 16 кг/га с междурядьями 15 см, при нормах 8–10 кг/га — с междурядьями 30 см. При двухгодичном использовании травостоев в сумме за 2 года наиболее высокий сбор семян — от 1,66 до 1,73 т/га — был получен при нормах высева 10–12 кг/га с междурядьями 15 см, при норме 10 кг/га — при черезрядном способе посева.
The experiment presented in this article took place at the Federal Williams Research Center of Fodder Production and Agroecology in 2018–2021. The aim of this research was to determine the optimal seeding rate and technique of VIK 22, perennial ryegrass, to obtain high yields in the Central Non-Chernozem region of Russia. The seeding rates from 4 to 16 kg ha-1 were used (100% of high-quality seeds) under the planting interspace of 2 kg ha-1 and widths of 15 and 30 cm. This resulted in the seedling density from 75 to 302 pcs/m2. The germination ability amounted to 51–56% in a field depending on the seeding rate and technique. The 1-year-old stands formed the highest number of generative shoots — from 1152 to 1314 pcs/m2 — under the seeding rates from 8 to 16 kg ha-1. However, due to the higher seeding rates and, therefore, higher plant density, the number of spikelets and seeds dropped by 11–15% while crop lodging increased from 44–47 to 66%. The seeding rates of 8–16 and 8–10 kg ha-1 provided the highest seed yields of 0.94–1.07 t ha-1 in the first year under the planting widths of 15 and 30 cm, respectively. When cultivating ryegrass for two years the highest seed productivity of 1.66–1.73 t ha-1 was obtained under the seeding rate of 10–12 kg ha-1 and planting width of 15 cm, as well as 10 kg ha-1 and skip-row planting.
أحكام اتفاق التحكيم في منازعات عقود الامتياز النفطي - دراسة مقارنة - بالتطبيق على دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي
Authors: بدوي فدوى محمد علي 
Published: February 2024

يمثل اتفاق التحكيم الطريق الأساسي للجوء أطراف منازعات عقود الامتياز النفطي إلى التحكيم بدلاً عن القضاء، حيث أن هذا الاتفاق هو الضابط الأساسي لإجراءات التحكيم. هدفت الدراسة إلى بيان أحكام اتفاق التحكيم بشأن عقود الامتياز النفطي. وعليه فإن الدراسة قد ناقشت مفهوم التحكيم، صوره مع الإشارة إلى شروطه، آثاره والأسباب التي تؤدي إلى انهائه في عقد الامتياز النفطي وذلك وفق تشريعات دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي. استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي المقارن وذلك لجمع البيانات من المصادر ونصوص التشريعات محل الدراسة ثم تحليلها ومقارنتها، وذلك للوصول إلى نتائج واضحة. من خلال سرد موضوعات الدراسة، تم التوصل إلى نتائج من أهمها: 1-أن هنالك توافق بين التشريعات محل الدراسة إلى لجوء أطراف عقود الامتياز النفطي إلى ابرام اتفاق تحكيم بشأن المنازعات التي يثيرها هذا العقد وذلك بحلها عن طريق التحكيم وليس القضاء العادي. 2-وأن أساس لجوء أطراف عقد الامتياز النفطي إلى إبرام اتفاق تحكيم هي تشريعات التحكيم التي أشارت إلى جواز التحكيم في مثل هذه المنازعات.
تفعيل الدور الاجتماعي التنموي لصندوق التكافل الاجتماعي بجامعة الملك سعود (نموذج مقترح)
Authors: العتيبي ديم سالم 
Published: February 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على واقع الدور الاجتماعي لصندوق التكافل الاجتماعي بجامعة الملك سعود وفقاً لتحقيق مستهدفات الجامعة في خدمة المجتمع وتعزيز المسؤولية المجتمعية في أعمال ومبادرات الصندوق والالتزام بمعايير المسؤولية المجتمعية 26000 ISO من خلال تقديم نموذج مقترح تم استخدام منهج تحليل المحتوى للوثائق والسياسات الرسمية، وجمع البيانات من المصادر الرسمية لصندوق التكافل الاجتماعي بجامعة الملك سعود، من خلال مبحثين رئيسين: المبحث الأول: تم فيه استعراض الإطار النظري للمسؤولية المجتمعية والتعرف على تجارب عربية وتجربة محلية في المملكة العربية السعودية لصناديق التكافل الاجتماعي وتحليلها. المبحث الثاني: واقع المسؤولية المجتمعية لصندوق التكافل الاجتماعي بجامعة الملك سعود حسب معايير ISO26000 من خلال الإجابة على تساؤلات الدراسة. خلصت الدراسة الى نتائج من أهمها: ضعف الدور الاجتماعي التنموي لصندوق التكافل الاجتماعي، غياب السياسات المنظمة لأعمال المسؤولية المجتمعية في نظام ولائحة الصندوق بالإضافة الى القصور في فهم المسؤولية المجتمعية وغياب التقييم لأعمال الصندوق وفق معايير قياس المسئولية المجتمعية ISO26000 . توصي هذه الدراسة بتطبيق النموذج المقترح على أعمال الصندوق وتبني معيار المسؤولية المجتمعية ISO26000 من أجل تعزيز الدور التنموي وفقاً للهدف الاستراتيجي الثالث من أهداف جامعة الملك سعود.
دالة التضخم في الاقتصاد السوداني للفترة ( 1992-2022)
Authors: الجزولي ابتهاج هاشم محمد 
Published: February 2024

هدفت الدراسة لمعرفة الاسباب والعوامل المؤثرة على التضخم في السودان في الفترة بين (1990-2022) ، بشكل كمي من خلال نموذج قياسي يعمل على تقدير دالة التضخم ، وتحليل الخصائص الاحصائية للمتغيرات موضع الدراسة ومعرفة مدي تأثيرها . ومن اجل تحقيق هذا الهدف وضعت الفرضيات الاتية: وجود علاقة عكسية بين التضخم والناتج المحلي الاجمالي GDP، وجود علاقة طردية بين التضخم وعرض النقود ، وجود علاقة طردية بين التضخم سعر الصرف .وجود علاقة طردية بين التضخم التمويل بالعجز . استخدم الباحث صيغة الانحدار المتعدد هي الصيغة القياسية التطبيقية الملائمة والمناسبة لدراسة وتقدير دالة التضخم ، هنالك العديد من الاسباب المتعددة التي ادت الى ظهور وتفاقم ظاهرة التضخم ، اعتمد الباحث على المصادر الثانوية والمتمثلة في(المراجع والمجلات و الدوريات الاقتصادية ) وهي من وزارة المالية والاقتصاد الوطني وبنك السودان والجهاز المركزي للإحصاء . كما استخدم الباحث المنهج التاريخي للإطار النظري ومنهجية الاقتصاد القياسي للإطار التطبيقي و البيانات الخاصة بمتغيرات التضخم في السودان للفترة محل الدراسة وقد تم تطبيق طريقة المربعات الصقري العادية و برنامج spss. وقد توصلت الدراسة الى نتائج اهمها وجود تأثير معنوي لكل متغيرات الدراسة على المتغير التابع (التضخم) و ذلك بوجود علاقة عكسية بين التضخم والناتج المحلي الاجمالي GDP ، ووجود علاقة طردية بين كل من التضخم و عرض النقود . وجود علاقة عكسية بين التضخم وسعر الصرف وجود علاقة عكسية بين التضخم التمويل بالعجز . كما توصلت الدراسة الي عدة توصيات من اهمها التحكم في الاصدار النقدي وكمية النقود والرقابة على الاسعار ورفع البنك المركزي نسبة الاحتياطي على ودائع البنوك يجب استخدام التمويل بالعجز فقط بعد انقضاء المرحلة الأولي من التنمية مما يؤدي الي المساهمة الحقيقية في الناتج المحلي الإجمالي في السودان، العمل على تقليل الارتباط بين التمويل بالعجز والناتج المحلي الإجمالي حتي لا يتم الاعتماد عليه في تمويل التنمية الاقتصادية في السودان.
Application of Competency-based Approach in Upbringing and Educational Activities
Authors: Grusina Yu. M. , Kharchilava K. P. 
Published: February 2024

As a result of the social development, which includes the formation of new information fields and forms of interaction, the discussions on what principles and components should form the basis of activities aimed at the education of young people, carried out at different levels of training and education on the basis of educational organizations, become particularly relevant. In this context, researchers have paid special attention to the competence-based approach, the essence of which is a comprehensive elaboration of young people’s skills and abilities that can be applied in the conditions of a dynamically developing society.The purposeof the work is to analyze existing forms of a competencybased approach to the building up of knowledge and skills of young people on the basis of educational organizations, as well as to develop recommendations for the further structure of the system of upbringing and education. The research was carried out using general scientific and special scientific tools such as the dialectical approach, methods of deduction and induction, as well as graphic interpretation.Methodology.The works of foreign and domestic scientific schools devoted to the study of methods for developing competences among young people at different stages of upbringing and education were used as sources.Results.The authors present a model for the development of social competence of young people and formulate recommendations aimed at further improving the quality of methods.
The Role of Ideology in Modern Information Warfare
Authors: Kaftan V. V. , Pogorelyy A. P. 
Published: February 2024

With the development of new communication technologies, as well as ways of mentally influencing the audience, a new type of military conflict has emerged — the information warfare. The main emphasis in the information warfare is not on inflicting physical violence on the enemy, to bend him to your will, but on the total ideological impact and information suppression of both the enemy army and the population. During such a war, it is information superiority in the media space which actually determines who will be the culprit of the war, and who will be the winner, who will act as the aggressor and who will be the victim, who deserves all-round condemnation in the eyes of the world community, and who needs all-round support. At the same time, the information support of a military conflict determines the mood and therefore effective support for one’s own army and population, in addition it pants into the heads of soldiers and the broad masses of the enemy country the idea that their actions are wrong, thus spreading depression and passivity among them. That is why the ideological basis of the information warfare today plays a key role in its preparation, conduct and consolidation of the results in the spiritual values of the society after it ends.
New Model of Inclusive Higher Education Practices in Megacities’ Universities
Authors: Lantsova Irina , Georgiy Kutsuri , Shcherbatykh Lyudmila , Gladysheva Marina , Grebennikova Veronica , Morán Próspero , Kosov Mikhail , Singer Nermeen , Muda Iskandar , Dudnik Olesya 
Published: February 2024

This study analyzes the problem of higher professional education for people with disabilities in multinational megacities from different countries. The aim of this paper is to investigate the emerging changes and perspectives of educational inclusion in the universities of Moscow, Jakarta, Barcelona, and Cairo and to develop a new model of inclusive educational practice for universities based on an inclusive ideology of understanding the position of people with disabilities in the education system and society overall. To perform this study and verify the new model proposed by the authors, participants were selected from ten universities that indicated parameters such as accessibility, participation, quality, students’ education results, and government funding. The survey aimed to collect participants’ perspectives and experiences from diverse elements of the higher education community in the aforementioned locations. 751 participants were selected for the survey with a balanced gender distribution: 48.6% men and 51.4% women. Age distribution was rather diverse: the age group of 18–24 years was 25,7%, the age group of 25–34 years was 27,3%, the age group of 35–44 years was 25,6%, and the age group of 45 years 21,4%. Another distribution was people without disabilities (N=250) and with disabilities (N=551). The reliability of the research was achieved using several methods, including ANOVA. The results of this research show similarities and differences in implementing inclusive education practices across selected locations, providing a detailed picture of the current state and future perspectives of higher inclusive education. The scientific novelty of this research lies in the theoretical-methodological rationale of the new model of inclusive higher education practices in universities of major megacities and in forming the propositions on this model’s implementation in higher education institutions. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-SIED1-03 Full Text: PDF