bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal Offer Strategies in Mergers and Acquisitions*
Authors: Roy Asim 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTThis paper models the corporate takeover process as a bargaining game under certainty. During the takeover process, an acquirer is generally uncertain about the minimum price the target shareholders will accept. Normally, a takeover is concluded after a sequence of offers have been made. This paper derives optimal offer strategies for the buyer at each stage of this bargaining game under uncertainty. Uncertainty about the target's minimum acceptable price is represented by a probability distribution. Optimal offer strategies depend on the probability distribution of the minimum acceptable price, which can change during the offer process.
Application of the Net Present Value Criterion in Random and Flow Shop Scheduling*
Authors: Scudder Gary D. , Smith‐Daniels Dwight E. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTWhile the majority of the literature on shop scheduling has emphasized time‐based performance criteria such as mean flow time, lateness, and tardiness, the primary goal of management should be the maximization of shop profitability. In this research the net present value (NPV) criterion is introduced to measure shop profitability. This measure combines aspects of job flow time and inventory holding costs into a single measure. A simulation model of a job shop is used to examine the performance of a variety of time‐ and value‐based scheduling rules. These rules are evaluated with respect to the NPV criterion in both random and flow shop environments. The results suggest that priority rules that utilize monetary information about jobs yield a higher NPV than many time‐based rules in most situations, with little sacrifice in job tardiness. A well‐researched time‐based rule, critical ratio, also provides excellent performance when the shop is heavily loaded.
Combined malignant melanoma and basal cell carcinoma tumor of the intermingled type
Authors: Braun‐Falco Markus 
Published: June 2007

Background:  The combination of malignant melanoma (MM) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) within a single tumor is an unusual finding.Case report:  An 84‐year‐old white man with a pigmented tumor on the back showing a combination of MM and BCC.Results:  A 1.5 × 1.5‐cm irregular brown lesion on the back was clinically suggestive of MM. Histopathologically, the lesions turned out to be a combined tumor consisting of a superficial BCC and a regressive MM with a tumor thickness of 1.25 mm. The conglomerates of the BCC lay within the MM and were admixed with a high number of Melan‐A‐positive melanocytic cells.Conclusion:  By reviewing the low number of published cases, we found that a combined MM‐BCC tumor exists in two variants: a collision type in which components of each cell type are clearly demarcated and an intermingled type in which both cell types grow intimately together. Although both types occur as a mere incidence, in particular, the intermingled type may be diagnostically challenging and the evaluation of its dignity may be questionable.
The Poet in the Gymnasium: Baudelaire and Gustave Le Vavasseur
Authors: Lloyd Rosemary 
Published: June 2007

Baudelaire's review of the poet Le Vavasseur allowed him to explore his image of the ideal artist, one who is an intellectual gymnast, aware that poetry demands a firm effort of mind and will, and constant manipulation of language and of verse forms. In presenting the poet as saltimbank, moreover, Baudelaire not only draws on a topos favoured by nineteenth‐century writers in general and himself in particular, but he also points to the role of the audience as a debasing devourer of artistic talent. He also establishes various parallels between himself and Le Vavasseur, using the latter's work as a basis less for conventional criticism than for a prose poem conveying the essence of the poet's skill.Cabrioles et culbutes Etaient mes jeux favoris, Et j'aimais toutes les luttes, Jusqu'à celles des esprits.
Le détective défaillant ou l'instance du policier dans les Chroniques italiennes
Authors: Schuerewegen Franc 
Published: June 2007

Le caractère insaisissable des Chroniques italiennes semble provenir surtout de ce que ces textes ne parviennent pas à décider euxmêmes de leur propre statut. Cette indécision générique nous a permis de leur appliquer une grille de lecture dont l'efficacité n'est pas évidente: peut‐on lire les Chroniques comme des récits policiers avant la lettre?Dans un premier temps, le recueil stendhalien se laisse intégrer facilement à la structure générique que nous lui confrontons. L'instance du policier dans les Chroniques ne se limite pas à la sémiologie policière qui s'esquisse dans certains textes (Suora Scolastica, les Cenci); en superposant à la chronique la narration watsonienne, modèle canonique de la fiction policière, on peut dégager un certain nombre d'analogies entre les deux types de récits. Narration à deux voix, le traducteur‐préfacier donnant la parole au chroniqueur italien, la chronique s'organise comme un récit watsonien. Point de rencontre entre le rationalisme des Lumières et le lyrisme romantique, elle mobilise également les deux séries thématiques sous‐tendant les aventures de Holmes.On ne peut conclure pourtant à l'identité structurelle des deux types narratifs: la dynamique linéaire de la chronique, déterminant son rythme narratif, s'oppose à la structure temporelle de la narration watsonienne. Reconstituant le récit du crime à rebours, le docteur pose la fin du récit comme son origine. Le chroniqueur, utilisant un système d'anticipations quasi sibyllin, peut difficilement différer la révélation des mystères. Une analyse plus détaillée de la chronique Trop de faveur tue nous permet en outre de mesurer l'écart entre la position de l'enquêteur médiéval et celle du détective anglais. A la différence de son collègue, lecteur de l'univers diégétique qui le met en scène, l'investigateur italien se rapproche du narrateur stendhalien. Incapable de maîtriser le désordre, il reprend en abîme les indécisions de la voix narratrice, inapte à limiter le développement hypertrophique de la narration. Paradoxalement, là où la chronique s'éloigne le plus de la structure policière, elle en est le plus proche. Au prix d'un saut dans l'extradiégétique, on peut voir apparaître un lecteur‐détective, s'introduisant dans la fiction pour en devenir le principe organisateur et en assumer à lui seul la lisibilité.Dans un deuxième temps, il s'avère donc que la chronique, au statut ambigu, ne se laisse intégrer qu'ambigument à la structure de detection – n'empêche qu'elle en prefigure ainsi les avatars plus modernes et plus inquiétants.Le détective lui‐même, ou l'un des enquêteurs officiels, ne devrait en aucun cas s'avérer être le malfaiteur.S. S. Van Dine, Twenty Rules for Writing Detective Stories
Myth and Anti‐Myth in the First Tetralogy
Authors: MacKenzie Clayton G. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe plays of the First Tetralogy are experimental in so far as Shakespeare manipulates, with varying success, a wide range of mythically propertied material. These plays, from a mythological point of view, do not stand as remarkable achievements of coherence or vision, but they do reveal a double potential. Firstly, the meaning of some of Shakespeare's imagery and allusion hinges on a mechanism of “two‐way” significance in which a single figure assumes competing connotations. Secondly, these differing interpretations appear to fall into two well‐defined, though not unrelated, mythological schemes. The English myth conceives cf a paradisial England, free of civil war and committed to foreign conquest; the anti‐myth describes an England torn asunder by internal strife and lacking in the heroic qualities of the English mythology.
Erkenntnis und Genuss in Goethes«Faust»
Authors: Frandsen‐Roeger Irene 
Published: June 2007

SummaryBei der Lektüre von Goethes«Faust»fällt auf, daß«Erkenntnis»und«Genuß»als Wertbegriffe für den Protagonisten sehr bedeutsam sind und an mehreren gewichtigen Stellen des Dramas auftauchen. Aus den Analysen dieser Textpassagen lassen sich Schlußfolgerungen über sowohl den differenzierten Inhalt des einzelnen Wortes wie auch den Zusammenhang beider Begriffe ziehen. Insbesondere die Relation zwischen dem Erkennen und Genießen verdient mehr Beachtung, als ihr die Forschung bisher geschenkt hat. Zugleich zeigen diese überlegungen und Ergebnisse auf, daß sich die Faustfigur Goethes deutlich von der vorangegangenen Fausttradition abhebt, in der Erkenntnis und Genuß zwar ebenso eine wesentliche rolle spielten, aber auf eine grundsätzlich andere Art und Weise.
Creating an Alternative to Naturalism: Ola Hansson's Assimilation of Nietzche
Authors: Brantly Susan 
Published: June 2007

SummaryIn a series of articles published in Germany between 1889 and 1892, Ola Hansson attempted to create a theoretical basis for an alternative to naturalism. Hansson's reading of Nietzsche provided his chief source of inspiration. Although, for a short time, Ola Hansson and Hermann Bahr lead the revolt against naturalism from beneath the same banner, Hansson eventually came to reject Bahr's Seelenstände as a naturalism of the nerves. Through invoking Nietzsche's critique of realistic artists, Hansson sought to reveal the dishonesty inherent in the naturalist pretention of depicting unmediated reality. Instead, Hansson recommends the honesty of self‐conscious subjectivity and a departure from the restrictions of plausibility. Hansson petitions for an admission of the imaginative and the symbolic into literature. Both Hugo von Hofmannsthal and August Strindberg seem to have benefitted directly from Hansson's recommendations.
Brecht and Carl Sandburg: Kindred Poets
Authors: Grimm Reinhold 
Published: June 2007

SummaryCarl Sandburg (1879–1967) seems to have been and remained totally unaware of Bertolt Brecht while the latter got to know at least some of the former's poems, if only rather belatedly. Nevertheless, there obtains a certain kinship between the two poets, extending from their political stance ‐ Brecht's socialism and Sandburg's populism ‐ right down to the specific, almost unique, mode of musical performance they shared. This similarity manifests itself both thematically and in terms of form and composition; most strikingly, it comes to the fore in what has been labeled their “mid‐poem shift,” i.e. a sudden dramatic turning point which is structural as well as emotional and even ideological (as witness, for example, Sandburg's famous “Chicago” and Brecht's “Verschollener Ruhm der Riesenstadt New York”).
Life and Fiction in D. H. Lawrence's Mr Noon and the Novel's Place within the Lawrence Canon
Authors: Einersen Dorrit 
Published: June 2007

SummaryD. H. Lawrence's posthumous novel Mr Noon, published in 1984, was written in 1921 but never finished.Part Two of Mr Noon is to a large extent autobiographical, describing Lawrence's first year with Frieda, 1912, in a slightly fictionalized form. A comparison between Mr Noon, Frieda Lawrence's Not I But the Wind, Lawrence's poems Look We Have Come Through and his letters brings out the close connection between life and fiction as well as some significant divergencies which tend to idyllize reality.The relation between Mr Noon and Lawrence's main novels and some of his poems is discussed and analysed. Mr Noon shares themes and ideas with primarily The Rainbow and Women in Love, but its tone is fundamentally different. In Mr Noon Lawrence employs an irreverent, ironic narrator who, from a vantage‐point, looks back at the lost paradise of his youth and simultaneously relives and recreates spontaneously experienced moments of happiness.The reason why Lawrence did not finish Mr Noon, which was originally planned as a trilogy, appears to be his increasing disillusion and misanthropy in the course of the year 1921. Instead of Mr Noon Lawrence finished Aaron's Rod, which fitted his bitter mood at the time.
Das Glück der Kindheit im frühen Werk Thomas Manns
Authors: Adolphs Dieter W. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryDas Motiv vom Glück der Kindheit im Werk Thomas Manns ist bislang von der Literaturwissenschaft als nebensächlich verkannt und in seinem künstlerischen Stellenwert unterschätzt worden. Gerade die Glücksthematik zieht sich jedoch durch das gesamte Werk dieses Autors: von der Erzählung«Der Wille zum Glück»(1896) bis zum Roman«Bekenntnisse des Hochstaplers Felix Krull»(1954). Erst im Zusammenhang mit dem Motiv der Kindheit lassen sich aber klare Konturen bei der Gestaltung dieses Gegenstandes erkennen.Die vor dem Roman«Buddenbrooks»entstandenen Erzählungen sind Ausdruck der Dichotomie zwischen romantischen Lebenszielen und einer grausamen, erfolgsorientierten Umwelt. Die vom Leben enttäuschten Helden sehen in den wenigen glücklichen Kindheitserlebnissen, an die sie sich nur vage erinnern, den Ausgangspunkt ihrer Entfremdung von den anderen. Sie laufen Gefahr, sich in ihrer Verzweiflung wiederum kindlich zu verhalten und hierdurch als naiv ‘entlarvt’ zu werden.Die Verbindung von kindlichem Glück und Lächerlichkeit findet sich auch in den späteren Werken Thomas Manns, zumeist aber nur als Urteil einzelner Gestalten wie Sesemi Weichbrodt in den«Buddenbrooks». Ihr stehen nun jedoch andere Realisationsformen des Motivs gegenüber. Dies wird möglich, weil der Roman die Dichotomie von Glück und Leben als den Endpunkt eines historischen Entfremdungsprozesses erscheinen Iäßt. So wird dann auch in den folgenden Werken der Versuch unternommen, dem gefährdeten Glück immer wieder neuen Ausdruck zu verschaffen.
Reality and the Novel, or The Meaning of Fiction
Authors: Nordhjem Bent 
Published: June 2007

SummaryKathryn Hume: Fantasy and Mimesis. Responses to Reality in Western Literature. Methuen, New York and London, 1984.Patricia Waugh: Metafiction. The Theory and Practice of Self‐Conscious Fiction. Methuen, New York and London, 1984.David Porush: The Soft Machine. Cybernetic Fiction. Methuen, New York and London, 1985.
THE EFFECTS OF FROZEN STORAGE ON THE RETAIL ACCEPTABILITY OF PORK LOIN CHOPS AND SHOULDER ROASTS
Authors: JEREMIAH L. E. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACT.Uncured shoulder roasts and loin chops were utilized to evaluate the effects of frozen storage for different intervals (0, 56, 84, 112, 140, 168 and 196 days) in different protective storage wraps (oxygen–permeable retail wrap, polyethylene bags, aluminum foil, and freezer paper) upon factors contributing to their retail acceptability after thawing and 24 h of subsequent display. The composite results of this study indicate that uncured pork cuts can be successfully frozen and stored for at least 196 days at −30° C in still air, in the dark, in any of the protective storage wraps evaluated, and be thawed for 24 h at 2° C prior to being retailed and generally be as acceptable as their fresh counterparts during 24 h of retail display.
A HYDROLOGIC RESPONSE MAP FOR THE STATE OF GEORGIA1
Authors: Hewlett John D. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTHydrologic response, defined as the ratio annual direct runoff divided by the annual precipitation, was calculated from 178 years of record on 55 watersheds less than 200 mi2 in the State of Georgia. Direct runoff was determined from Geological Survey records by a universal method of hydrograph separation. Regression analysis showed that the effect of area and the deviation of actual from normal annual precipitation can be removed from the response ratio, revealing the average capacity of watershed source areas for releasing or detaining potential flood waters. A map of Georgia reveals a four‐fold range in the response ratio between major provinces, and another map of a small mountain watershed shows an eight‐fold range over a distance of three miles. The response ratio is proposed as a new mapping unit and its use in watershed planning and education is discussed.
RESEARCH METHODS IN LAND‐USE HYDROLOGY
Authors: Boughton Walter C. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTLand use changes which affect the hydrological cycle encompass a broad field of agricultural, forestry, and engineering activity. A variety of research methods, ranging from the very simple to the very complex, have been used in attempting to evaluate the effects of such changes. Because of the complexity of the hydrological process, it is difficult to distinguish the effects of changes in land use from natural variations in quality, quantity, peak rates, and other characteristics of runoff. The use of plots, experimental catchments, barometer watersheds, representative basins, benchmark and vigil networks, and other methods for the collection of data, and methods of data analysis ranging from simple graphical correlations to multivariate analysis and mathematical catchment models are reviewed and classified. Current methods of research are mainly of an ad hoc nature and the major deficiency is in the study of fundamental physical processes.
WATER TRANSFER AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Gopalakrishan Chennat 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTAn aspect of water resource development that has currently generated a good deal of interest among economists relates to the ‘economics of water transfer.’ Some recent investigations in this connection have studied the impact of transferring water from conventional uses (mainly agricultural) to newly emerging uses (e.g., pollution abatement, recreational, and industrial). The results of these studies indicate that water transfer contributes to economic growth, both directly and indirectly.
USE OF DYE TRACERS TO COLLECT HYDROLOGIC DATA IN OREGON1
Authors: Harris D. D. , Sanderson R. B. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTDye tracers have been used in Oregon in the Collection of hydrologic data on 2,350 miles of stream channels in the Long Tom, Umpqua, Willmette, and John Day River basins, and in the Carmen‐Smith power tunnel. These investigations demonstrated the usefulness, of dye tracers for determining: (1) estimates of traveltimes and travel rates of water, (2) discharge where standard methods of measuring are not applicable, and (3) dispersion characteristics of streams. Illustrations are used to present the results of time‐of‐travel studies in simple, concise, and readily interpreted form.
CHEMICAL MEASUREMENT OF MEAN TEMPERATURE
Authors: Lee Richard , Jones E. Bruce 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTMean temperature is employed universally as an index to the energy status of the environment, and to indicate probable reaction rates of physical and biological processes in nature. A versatile chemical method of temperature integration, based on the temperature dependence of sucrose hydrolysis, has been tested in central Pennsylvania. The chemical technique (after Pallmann) permits economical mass sampling of air, water, and soil temperatures in situations where conventional methods are too expensive or otherwise unsatisfactory. Short‐wave radiation effects are negligible since the sensing elements are transparent. Repeatability is excellent: in field tests duplicate sensors yield the same mean temperature ± 0.02°C. Non‐linearity of sensor response has been resolved, and the data can be related directly to measurements obtained in standard climatological networks. The technique can be used to good advantage in a variety of hydrological investigations, including evaporation, consumptive‐use, and them pollution studies.
A MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR TRANSIENT FREE SURFACE FLOW IN NONHOMOGENEOUS OR ANISOTROPIC POROUS MEDIA
Authors: Szabo B. A. , McCaig I. W. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACT A mathematical model was developed to solve a steady free surface flow problem and a rapid drawdown problem in a two‐dimensional porous medium. The same problem was also solved by an analogue device and excellent agreement was found to exist between the two solutions. This paper contains the formulation of the numerical problem from first principles and a discussion of measures that had to be taken in order to assure numerical stability and proper convergence of the solution.Although the scope of this study was limited to a two‐dimensional flow case, the elements of simulation discussed are general in nature and applicable to three‐dimensional problems. It was demonstrated that numerical solution can be obtained for the position of the free surface at given time intervals, for the piezometric head distribution within the flow field and for flow quantities across given boundaries. In addition, the mathematical model will permit consideration of nonhomogeneous or anisotropic characteristics of the porous medium, without difficulty.It is concluded that mathematical models, incorporating some or all of the techniques discussed in this paper, in conjunction with some analogue control device, can be very efficient and reliable tools for solving complex porous flow problems, including those which, so far, have eluded comprehensive analysis, due to physical and/or cost limitation.
MANAGEMENT OF A FOREIGN WATER‐RESOURCES RESEARCH PROJECT
Authors: Patchick Paul F. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACT The United Nations Food & Agricultural Organization in cooperation with the Ministry of Agriculture of the Government of El Salvador, Central America, recently completed a 3‐year groundwater exploration, research and evaluation project in the lower basin of the Rio Grande de San Miguel.As no comprehensive water resources study had previously been conducted in El Salvador, this project served as a pilot example of a balanced, integrated, scientific approach to a regional evaluation. It combined surface and groundwater hydrology with surface geology, hydro‐meteorology, and sub‐surface exploration by means of drilling and geophysical techniques.This paper describes how the project was planned, financed, organized, implemented, conducted, and managed. It further describes inter‐relationships between the geological and engineering phases carried out from 1961 to 1964, and the results of the field and laboratory research. Finally, this paper presents a summary of recommended groundwater and valley development programs, and discusses briefly post‐project development programs resulting from the basic research.
THE ENGINEER'S ROLE IN WATER RESOURCES PLANNING1
Authors: Silberman Edward 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTEngineers have traditionally led the planning effort in water resources developments. The engineer's leadership role in water resources, as well as in many other planning activities, has been challenged by technical and scientific people as well as by the general public for insensitivity to social, aesthetic, ecological, and political problems created by planning. The paper draws attention to the fact that the engineer cannot continue to expect the role of leadership to fall to him unless he prepares himself properly for that role. However, it is brought out that the engineer, by his education and training, is still the best qualified among all the representatives of the various disciplines associated with water resources planning to lead the planning effort if he prepares himself for the task. The requirements for preparation for leading water resources planning are outlined.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL TO EVALUATE HYDROLOGIC RISK IN A WATER RESOURCE SYSTEM1
Authors: Bathke William L. , Freund R. J. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTA technique is described for analyzing a water resource system whose inflow is highly variable. The use of this technique requires not only that a mathematical model be developed of the physical, hydrological, and economic characteristics of the water resource system under study, but also that the economic benefits of the system, including full and partial water deliveries for irrigation development, be evaluated. Although developed independently of and simultaneously with the recently in this article includes some significant departures, such as the development of a complex revenue‐loss function and water‐shortage statistical characteristics for various reservoir sizes.