bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspectives of fathers and mothers of children in early intervention programmes in assessing family quality of life
Authors: Wang M. , Summers J. A. , Little T. , Turnbull A. , Poston D. , Mannan H. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractBackground  Family quality of life (FQOL), as a family outcome measure of early intervention and other services, has increasingly drawn attention of researchers, policymakers and service providers. Developing an index of family QOL requires a measure suitable for use with multiple family members. The purpose of this study was to test whether mothers and fathers similarly view the conceptual model of FQOL embodied in one measure.Method  This study involved fathers and mothers of 107 families who have a young child (birth to five) with a disability enrolled in an early intervention programme. Data from couples completing the Beach Center FQOL measure were analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM) to determine similarities or differences between fathers and mothers with respect to their assessment of FQOL.Results  The analysis of measurement invariance of the FQOL construct across the father and mother groups indicates that the Beach Center FQOL Scale measures equally the underlying FQOL construct across fathers and mothers in this sample. Fathers do not differ from mothers in perceived importance of factors related to FQOL items, nor did they differ in their overall satisfaction with FQOL.Conclusion  These results suggest that fathers and mothers respond similarly to the latent constructs within the Beach Center FQOL Scale; therefore, it holds promise for use with both fathers and mothers in assessing FQOL across multiple family members. Further implications for research and practice are discussed.
Coping over time: the parents of children with autism
Authors: Gray D. E. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractBackground  Although coping with autism has been examined in a number of papers, virtually no research exists on how families cope over time. This paper reports the results of a longitudinal study of parents coping with autism over a period of approximately a decade.Methods  The research method for the study was based on ethnographic methods that emphasized in‐depth interviews and participant observation. The sample for this study consisted of 28 parents (19 mothers and nine fathers) of children with autism. The instrument for the interviews consisted of questions concerning: the child’s medical history and referral experience, the child’s present symptomatology, the effects of the child’s problems on the parent’s well‐being, the effects of autism on the family’s social life, parental coping strategies, illness conceptualization and the parents’ expectations for the future.Results and conclusions  Coping strategies changed from the time of the initial study, as fewer parents coped through reliance on service providers, family support, social withdrawal and individualism and relatively more parents coped through their religious faith and other emotion‐focused strategies. The results tentatively support previous research on coping that indicates that aging is linked to the use of more emotion‐focused coping strategies.
A remote‐sensing technique for the identification of aeolian fetch distance
Authors: LYNCH KEVIN , JACKSON DEREK W. T. , COOPER J. ANDREW G. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThis paper describes a new method for assessing aeolian fetch distances in beach/dune systems. The remote‐sensing technique has advantages over currently used proxy measures of fetch distance, such as those based on tide gauges and beach profiles. The method uses a digital camera, global positioning system surveying, and a geographical information system software package to produce a rectified image of the beach surface. From this, direct measurements of the wet–dry beach boundary can be combined with wind direction measurements to determine fetch distance. The method offers an improvement on current approaches to sediment transport estimates: a 28‐day study on Magilligan Strand, Northern Ireland, showed that the commonly used high water mark approach overestimated fetch distance by 30% compared with the technique reported here.
Channel formation by flow stripping: large‐scale scour features along the Monterey East Channel and their relation to sediment waves
Authors: FILDANI ANDREA , NORMARK WILLIAM R. , KOSTIC SVETLANA , PARKER GARY 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe Monterey East system is formed by large‐scale sediment waves deposited as a result of flows stripped from the deeply incised Monterey fan valley (Monterey Channel) at the apex of the Shepard Meander. The system is dissected by a linear series of steps that take the form of scour‐shaped depressions ranging from 3·5 to 4·5 km in width, 3 to 6 km in length and from 80 to 200 m in depth. These giant scours are aligned downstream from a breech in the levee on the southern side of the Shepard Meander. The floor of the breech is only 150 m above the floor of the Monterey fan valley but more than 100 m below the levee crests resulting in significant flow stripping. Numerical modeling suggests that the steps in the Monterey East system were created by Froude‐supercritical turbidity currents stripped from the main flow in the Monterey channel itself. Froude‐supercritical flow over an erodible bed can be subject to an instability that gives rise to the formation of cyclic steps, i.e. trains of upstream‐migrating steps bounded upstream and downstream by hydraulic jumps in the flow above them. The flow that creates these steps may be net‐erosional or net‐depositional. In the former case it gives rise to trains of scours such as those in the Monterey East system, and in the latter case it gives rise to the familiar trains of upstream‐migrating sediment waves commonly seen on submarine levees. The Monterey East system provides a unique opportunity to introduce the concept of cyclic steps in the submarine environment to study processes that might result in channel initiation on modern submarine fans.
Porosity–permeability relationships in Miocene carbonate platforms and slopes seaward of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia (ODP Leg 194, Marion Plateau)
Authors: EHRENBERG STEPHEN N. , EBERLI GREGOR P. , BAECHLE GREGOR 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThis paper reports a series of 700 porosity–permeability analyses and supporting petrographic and sedimentologic descriptions from Early to Late Miocene carbonate strata cored on the Marion Plateau, offshore from north‐eastern Australia, during Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 194. The samples analysed are not only mainly coarse bioclastic limestones and dolomitized equivalents from platform‐top facies, but also include 79 plugs from deeper‐water slope to hemipelagic drift facies. Outstanding characteristics of this data set are the wide ranges of porosity and permeability in both limestones and dolostones, the large degree of short‐range heterogeneity typical of these strata, and the better porosity–permeability correlation of dolostones than limestones. The platforms have experienced widely varying calcite cementation, dolomitization and dissolution but show little clear evidence of meteoric diagenesis, suggesting that subaerial exposure may have played little role in porosity–permeability evolution. Permeability‐for‐given‐porosity is controlled by grain size and calcite cement content in grainstones and by occurrence of larger shelter pores and vugs in mud‐rich samples. Dolomitization tends to reduce the variation of permeability‐for‐given‐porosity by recrystallizing mud matrix to form intercrystalline macroporosity that connects vugs and moulds to become integrated with the effective pore system. As a result, there are no differences in permeability–porosity trends for different dolostone textures, whether dominated by intercrystalline, vuggy, or preserved intergranular pore types. Two platform‐top sites separated by only 5 km display a major lateral variation in dolostone porosity–permeability characteristics within the youngest dolostone units. This difference is interpreted as reflecting a relatively ‘windward’ (current‐facing) setting of the site with the overall higher permeability‐for‐given‐porosity (Site 1199) that led to less muddy depositional facies, greater cementation, and lesser grain dissolution. Pore‐geometry parameters measured by petrographic image analysis confirm that the ‘windward’ dolostones have pores that are both larger and less intricate than dolostones comprising the more current‐protected location.
Zircon and whole‐rock Nd‐Pb isotopic provenance of Middle and Upper Ordovician siliciclastic rocks, Argentine Precordillera
Authors: GLEASON JAMES D. , FINNEY STANLEY C. , PERALTA SILVIO H. , GEHRELS GEORGE E. , MARSAGLIA KATHLEEN M. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractGraptolite‐bearing Middle and Upper Ordovician siliciclastic facies of the Argentine Precordillera fold‐thrust belt record the disintegration of a long‐lived Cambro‐Mid Ordovician carbonate platform into a series of tectonically partitioned basins. A combination of stratigraphic, petrographic, U‐Pb detrital zircon, and Nd‐Pb whole‐rock isotopic data provide evidence for a variety of clastic sediment sources. Four Upper Ordovician quartzo‐lithic sandstones collected in the eastern and central Precordillera yield complex U‐Pb zircon age spectra dominated by 1·05–1·10 Ga zircons, secondary populations of 1·22, 1·30, and 1·46 Ga, rare 2·2 and 1·8 Ga zircons, and a minor population (<2%) of concordant zircons in the 600–700 Ma range. Archaean‐age grains comprise <1% of all zircons analysed from these rocks. In contrast, a feldspathic arenite from the Middle Ordovician Estancia San Isidro Formation of the central Precordillera has two well‐defined peaks at 1·41 and 1·43 Ga, with no grains in the 600–1200 Ma range and none older than 1·70 Ga. The zircon age spectrum in this unit is similar to that of a Middle Cambrian quartz arenite from the La Laja Formation, suggesting that local basement rocks were a regional source of ca 1·4 Ga detrital zircons in the Precordillera Terrane from the Cambrian onwards. The lack of grains younger than 600 Ma in Upper Ordovician units reinforces petrographic data indicating that Ordovician volcanic arc sources did not supply significant material directly to these sedimentary basins. Nd isotopic data (n = 32) for Middle and Upper Ordovician graptolitic shales from six localities define a poorly mixed signal [ɛNd(450 Ma) = −9·6 to −4·5] that becomes more regionally homogenized in Upper Ordovician rocks (−6·2 ± 1·0; TDM = 1·51 ± 0·15 Ga; n = 17), a trend reinforced by the U‐Pb detrital zircon data. It is concluded that proximal, recycled orogenic sources dominated the siliciclastic sediment supply for these basins, consistent with rapid unroofing of the Precordillera Terrane platform succession and basement starting in Mid Ordovician time. Common Pb data for Middle and Upper Ordovician shales from the western and eastern Precordillera (n = 15) provide evidence for a minor (<30%) component that was likely derived from a high‐μ (U/Pb) terrane.
The influence of salt withdrawal subsidence on palaeosol maturity and cyclic fluvial deposition in the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation: Castle Valley, Utah
Authors: PROCHNOW SHANE J. , ATCHLEY STACY C. , BOUCHER THOMAS E. , NORDT LEE C. , HUDEC MICHAEL R. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractIntegrated fluvial sequence stratigraphic and palaeosol analysis can be used to better reconstruct depositional systems, but these approaches have not been combined to examine halokinetic minibasins. This study characterizes the temporal and spatial patterns of lithofacies and palaeosols in a sequence stratigraphic framework to reconstruct a model of minibasin evolution and identify halokinetic influences on fluvial deposition. This research documents fluvial cycles and stratigraphic hierarchy, palaeosol maturity and apparent sediment accumulation rates in the Chinle Formation within the Big Bend minibasin. This study also uses palaeosols to help identify fluvial aggradational cycle (FAC) sets. The Chinle is divided into two hectometre‐scale (102 m) fluvial sequences, six decametre‐scale (101 m) FAC sets, and variable numbers of metre‐scale FACs depending on proximity to the minibasin. Ten pedotypes representing 225 palaeosol profiles are recognized. The pedotypes include palaeosols similar to modern Entisols, Inceptisols, Aridisols, Vertisols and Alfisols. A maturity index (1–5) is assigned to each pedotype to assess its variability in palaeosol development. Estimated palaeosol development time is used to approximate apparent sediment accumulation rates. Increased subsidence resulted in a greater number and thicker FACs, thicker FAC sets and fluvial sequence sections, and lithofacies associations reflecting more rapid sedimentation along the minibasin axis. Palaeocurrent indicators converge towards the minibasin axis and indicate that it formed and drifted through time. Relative palaeosol maturity is inversely related to stratal thickness, and decreases towards the minibasin where episodic burial by fluvial sediment was more frequent. Metre‐scale FACs are most abundant towards the minibasin axis, and locally have Entisols and Inceptisols developed upon their upper boundaries reflecting increased sediment accumulation rates. Areas outside the minibasin are characterized by fewer FACs that are associated with more mature palaeosols. Palaeosol‐derived apparent sediment accumulation rates are as much as two orders of magnitude greater within the minibasin than in marginal areas. The combined stratigraphic, palaeocurrent and palaeosol evidence is used to develop a model for the evolution of the Big Bend minibasin that illustrates the halokinetic affect on fluvial and landscape processes.
A point‐sourced calciclastic submarine fan complex (Eocene Anotz Formation, western Pyrenees): facies architecture, evolution and controlling factors
Authors: PAYROS AITOR , PUJALTE VICTORIANO , ORUE‐ETXEBARRIA XABIER 
Published: November 2006

AbstractA complete transect of a fossil carbonate ramp slope has been reconstructed using outcrop data from the Lower‐Middle Eocene Anotz Formation in the western Pyrenees. The Anotz Formation contains four calciclastic (mostly bioclastic) members encased within hemipelagic marl/limestone alternations, each calciclastic member representing a submarine fan system. Individual fans are composed of a gullied upper slope, a leveed feeder channel, a channelized lobe area, an unconfined lobe zone and a peripheral lobe fringe that grades downcurrent into basinal deposits. Quantitative data on the dimensions and degree of lateral continuity and vertical connectivity of the Anotz calciclastic fan elements are presented. These data provide information for a better understanding of the intrinsic nature of calciclastic submarine fans and to model their reservoir potential. The long‐term evolution of the Anotz carbonate slope was generally progradational, as evidenced by the four discrete episodes of calciclastic‐fan development. The location of the fans was controlled by the synsedimentary tectonic activity of the Pamplona fault, which created a slope valley along which the reworked shallow‐water calciclastic sediments were funnelled. In addition, episodic basinward tilting of the shallow‐water carbonate ramp, linked to the development of the South Pyrenean foreland basin, switched on and off the process of calciclastic resedimentation and determined the growth or abandonment of the fan systems.
Stylolites, porosity, depositional texture, and silicates in chalk facies sediments. Ontong Java Plateau – Gorm and Tyra fields, North Sea
Authors: FABRICIUS IDA L. , BORRE MAI K. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractComparison of chalk on the Ontong Java Plateau and chalk in the Central North Sea indicates that, whereas pressure dissolution is controlled by effective burial stress, pore‐filling cementation is controlled by temperature. Effective burial stress is caused by the weight of all overlying water and sediments as counteracted by the pressure in the pore fluid, so the regional overpressure in the Central North Sea is one reason why the two localities have different relationships between temperature and effective burial stress. In the chalk of the Ontong Java Plateau the onset of calcite‐silicate pressure dissolution around 490 m below sea floor (bsf) corresponds to an interval of waning porosity‐decline, and even the occurrence of proper stylolites from 830 m bsf is accompanied by only minor porosity reduction. Because opal is present, the pore‐water is relatively rich in Si which through the formation of Ca–silica complexes causes an apparent super‐saturation of Ca and retards cementation. The onset of massive pore‐filling cementation at 1100 m bsf may be controlled by the temperature‐dependent transition from opal‐CT to quartz. In the stylolite‐bearing chalk of two wells in the Gorm and Tyra fields, the nannofossil matrix shows recrystallization but only minor pore‐filling cement, whereas microfossils are cemented. Cementation in Gorm and Tyra is thus partial and has apparently not been retarded by opal‐controlled pore‐water. A possible explanation is that, due to the relatively high temperature, silica has equilibrated to quartz before the onset of pressure dissolution and thus, in this case, dissolution and precipitation of calcite have no lag. This temperature versus effective burial stress induced difference in diagenetic history is of particular relevance when exploring for hydrocarbons in normally pressured chalk, while most experience has been accumulated in the over‐pressured chalk of the central North Sea.
OAS1 gene haplotype confers susceptibility to multiple sclerosis
Authors: Fedetz M. , Matesanz F. , Caro‐Maldonado A. , Fernandez O. , Tamayo J. A. , Guerrero M. , Delgado C. , López‐Guerrero J. A. , Alcina A. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with genetic susceptibility and unknown environmental triggers, possible viral infections, but the specific etiological mechanism that subsequently develops into an inflammatory/autoimmune cascade of events is poorly understood. Recently, genetic variants of 2′,5′‐ oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1) gene, a critical enzyme involved in innate antivirus response, have been associated with differential enzyme activity and type 1 diabetes in both case–control and family studies. We hypothesized that polymorphisms in the OAS1 gene could influence the susceptibility to MS. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a case–control study of 333 patients with MS and 424 healthy controls and genotyped two OAS1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by restriction fragment length polymorphism method: rs 10774671, A/G SNP altering the splicing site at the seventh exon, and rs 3741981, a nonsynonymous (Ser162Gly) A/G SNP in the third exon. Haplotype but not single‐marker analysis revealed an association of the haplotype created by the G allele at rs 10774671 and the A allele at rs 3741981 with the susceptibility to MS (P value = 8.8 × 10−5). Subjects carrying this haplotype had an increased risk of MS comparing with those not carrying it (odds ratio = 4.7, 95% confidence interval 2.1–10.9). Our findings indicate that the OAS1 gene polymorphisms may confer susceptibility to MS or serve as markers of functional variants and suggest that OAS1 activity is involved in the etiology of the disease. Future studies in a larger sample and association analysis with functional variants will clarify the role of the OAS1 gene in the susceptibility to MS.
The LRC haplotype project: a resource for killer immunoglobulin‐like receptor‐linked association studies
Authors: Horton R. , Coggill P. , Miretti M. M. , Sambrook J. G. , Traherne J. A. , Ward R. , Sims S. , Palmer S. , Sehra H. , Harrow J. , Rogers J. , Carrington M. , Trowsdale J. , Beck S. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThere is increasing evidence for epistatic interactions between gene products (e.g. KIR) encoded within the Leukocyte Receptor Complex (LRC) with those (e.g. HLA) of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), resulting in susceptibility to disease. Identification of such associations at the DNA level requires comprehensive knowledge of the genetic variation and haplotype structure of the underlying loci. The LRC haplotype project aims to provide this knowledge by sequencing common LRC haplotypes.
The detection and significance of minimal residual disease in acute and chronic leukemia
Authors: Chung N.‐G. , Buxhofer‐Ausch V. , Radich J. P. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractMinimal residual disease (MRD) can be detected in many patients with leukemia who have achieved complete remission as defined by conventional pathology examination. The detection of MRD, be it by flow cytometry or by polymerase chain reaction assays, has now been found to be associated with subsequent relapses in most leukemia subtypes, either following chemotherapy or following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. These assays are now increasingly used in clinical trial design to optimize therapy and provide a novel way to assess treatment efficacy.
Effects of high‐level dietary B‐vitamins on performance, body composition and tissue vitamin contents of growing/finishing pigs
Authors: Böhmer B. M. , Roth‐Maier D. A. 
Published: November 2006

SummaryForty‐eight growing pigs were randomly assigned to five dietary groups and penned individually. They received a diet based on barley, wheat, corn and soya bean meal according to requirement. The experimental groups were supplemented with 400% or 800% of vitamins B2, B6 and pantothenic acid, or 400% or 800% of biotin, while all other vitamins were administered according to requirement. Growth performance, carcass characteristics, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and content of vitamins in blood, liver and muscles were recorded. Growth performance showed no influence of supplementation, while backfat thickness in the group with 800% B2/B6/pantothenic acid was significantly higher. Content of B2 in blood, liver and muscle was similar in all groups. Content of B6 in blood and liver showed significant differences according to supplementation. The content of vitamin B6 in muscle in the experimental groups was significantly higher than that in the control group. The content of pantothenic acid in blood and muscle in the experimental groups was significantly higher, while in liver all groups were significantly influenced by the supplementation level. Biotin content in liver showed no influence, but the content in plasma was significantly higher in the experimental groups and the content in muscle was significantly higher according to supplementation. The activity of AST showed no significant influence of the dietary vitamin level, but it was obviously decreased in the groups supplemented with biotin. The findings indicate that the dietary supplementation of vitamin B2, B6, pantothenic acid and biotin could not improve performance, but the contents in blood, liver and muscle.