bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platinum(II), Palladium(II), Rhodium(III) and Lead(II) Voltammetric Determination in Sites Differently Influenced by Vehicle Traffic
Authors: Melucci Dora , Locatelli Clinio 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe present work reports analytical results relevant to voltammetric determination of Pt(II), Pd(II), Rh(III) [Platinum Group Metals (PGMs)] and Pb(II) in superficial water sampled in sites differently influenced by vehicle traffic, especially considering their temporal behaviour. For all the elements, in addition to detection limits, precision, expressed as relative standard deviation (sr %) and accuracy, expressed as percentage recovery (R %) are also reported. In all cases they show to be good, being the former lower than 6 % and the latter in the range 94‐105 %. A critical comparison with spectroscopic measurements is also discussed.
Heavy Metal Removal from Aqueous Solution by Pseudevernia Furfuracea (L.) Zopf
Authors: Ates Ayten , Yildiz Atilla , Yildiz Nuray , Calimli Ayla 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe present study was carried out in a batch system using a lichen (Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf) for the sorption of nickel(II) and copper(II) ions from water. Particularly, the effect of pH, contact time and temperature were considered. Pseudevernia furfuracea exhibited nickel(II) and copper(II) uptake of 49.87 and 60.83 mg/g at an initial pH of 4 and 5‐6 at 35 °C respectively. Both the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models were suitable for describing the biosorption of nickel(II) and copper(II) by the biosorbent. Biosorption showed pseudo first order rate kinetics for nickel and copper ions. Using the equilibrium constant values obtained at 25 and 35 °C, the thermodynamics properties of the biosorption (ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS°) were determined. The biosorption of nickel(II) and copper(II) onto Pseudevernia furfuracea was found to be endothermic.
Enantioselektive Morita‐Baylis‐Hillman‐Reaktionen und ihre Aza‐Varianten
Authors: Masson Géraldine , Housseman Christopher , Zhu Jieping 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAsymmetrische Morita‐Baylis‐Hillman(MBH)‐Reaktionen haben sich in den letzten Jahren parallel zum Konzept der difunktionellen Organokatalyse rasant weiterentwickelt. Während die Organokatalyse im Allgemeinen erst beginnt, bei einer Reihe wichtiger organischer Umwandlungen mit der Metallkatalyse zu konkurrieren, zählt die MBH‐Reaktion zu einer Gruppe prototypischer Reaktionen, für die organische Katalysatoren ihren metallhaltigen Analoga bereits jetzt überlegen sind. Dieser Kurzaufsatz gibt einen Überblick über neue mechanistische Erkenntnisse und Fortschritte bei der Synthese von niedermolekularen organischen Verbindungen für enantioselektive MBH‐ und Aza‐MBH‐Reaktionen.
Influence of annealing on conduction of high‐density polyethylene/carbon black composite
Authors: Song Yihu , Zheng Qiang 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe high‐density polyethylene/carbon black (HDPE/CB) composite with a CB volume fraction of 0.113 is isothermally annealed at various temperatures from 116 to 149°C, covering the positive temperature coefficient (PTC) transition and the negative temperature coefficient regions during heating as well as from 149 to 122°C above the reverse‐PTC transition during cooling. Influences of annealing temperature on the resistance–temperature and the resistance–time characteristics are discussed. The results show that both the resistance‐temperature and the resistance‐time characteristics are highly sensitive to the thermal history. Effects of recrystallization of HDPE and redistribution of CB aggregates in HDPE on the performance are discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Controlled release study of carbaryl insecticide from calcium alginate and nickel alginate hydrogel beads
Authors: Işıklan Nuran 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn this study, controlled release formulations for reducing environmental impact of pesticides have been produced by encapsulating as a model pesticide carbaryl (Carb) in the alginate beads. The various hydrogel bead formulations were prepared by the ionotropic crosslinking of sodium alginate (NaAlg) with calcium and nickel ions. The surface morphology of prepared beads was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM confirmed the spherical nature and surface morphology of the particles. Bead characteristics, such as carbaryl entrapment efficiency, particle size, equilibrium swelling degree, and carbaryl release kinetics, were determined. The effects of the bead preparation conditions such as crosslinker concentration and type, carbaryl/sodium alginate (Carb/NaAlg) ratio and percentage of NaAlg on the carbaryl release from the calcium alginate (Ca‐Alg) and nickel alginate (Ni‐Alg) beads were investigated in distilled water at 25°C. It was observed that carbaryl release from the Ca‐Alg beads was slower than that of Ni‐Alg beads. The release results indicated that carbaryl release from both of the Ca‐Alg and Ni‐Alg beads decreases with the increasing crosslinker concentration, Carb/NaAlg ratio and percentage of NaAlg. The highest carbaryl release was found to be 100% for the Ni‐Alg beads at 3 days whereas the lowest carbaryl release was found to be 67% for the Ca‐Alg beads at 21 days. The swelling measurements of the beads were also in consistent with the carbaryl release results. The carbaryl release from most of the bead formulations followed Case II transport. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Synthesis, characterization, and applications of novel additives of polysiloxane containing N,N′‐bis(diphenylsilyl)tetraphenylcyclodisilazane
Authors: Zhu Yangping , Guo Li , Zhang Zhijie , Xie Zemin , Xu Caihong 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThree N,N′‐bis(diphenylsilyl)tetraphenylcyclodisilazane‐based derivatives, N,N′‐bis(3,3,3‐trimethyl‐1,1‐diphenyl‐disiloxanyl)tetraphenylcyclodisilazane, N‐(3,3‐dimethyl‐1,1‐diphenyl‐3‐vinyl‐disiloxanyl)‐N′‐(3,3,3‐trimethyl‐1,1‐diphenyl‐disiloxanyl)‐tetraphenylcyclodisilazane, and N,N′‐bis‐(3,3‐dimethyl‐1,1‐diphenyl‐3‐vinyl‐disiloxanyl) tetraphenylcyclodisilazane, were synthesized. These compounds were synthesized in an easy and effective route. X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction analyses showed that the four‐member rings were planar rings, and the structures are different with the different substitution. The compound N,N′‐bis‐(3,3‐dimethyl‐1,1‐diphenyl‐3‐vinyl‐disiloxanyl) tetraphenylcyclodisilazane was added to the silicone rubber as additive to enhance the thermal stability greatly increased the thermal stability of the silicone rubber, without altering the glass transition temperature. The weight loss at 350°C in nitrogen atmosphere for 24 h reduced from 55.8% for 0 wt % to 9.8% for 10 wt % addition N,N′‐Bis‐(3,3‐dimethyl‐1,1‐diphenyl‐3‐vinyl‐disiloxanyl)tetraphenylcyclodisilazane. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Preparation and properties of poly(imide siloxane) segmented copolymer/silica hybrid nanocomposites
Authors: Liaw Wen‐Chang , Chen Kuan‐Pin 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA series of Poly(imide siloxane) (PIS)/silica (SiO2) hybrid nanocomposites with C‐Si covalent bonding between the homogeneous PIS copolymer and SiO2 have been successfully synthesized. The PIS copolymer synthesized in this study is characterized by the coexistence of two segments: the polyimide segment and polydimethyldiphenylsiloxane segment, and the latter are specially featured with the introduction of a diphenyl group for improved homogeneity. The PIS/SiO2 hybrid nanocomposites were prepared from 3,3′,4,4′‐bezonphenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA), 2‐2′‐bis[4(3‐aminophenoxy)phenyl] sulfone (m‐BAPS), and vinyl‐containing α,ω‐bis‐(aminopropyl)polydimethyldiphenyl siloxane (APPPVS) oligomer to form vinyl siloxane‐containing poly(amic acid) (PAAVS). This copolymer was further reacted with trimethoxyvinylsilane (TMVS), 2,2′‐azobis‐isobutyronitrile (AIBN), and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). The PIS/SiO2 hybrid nanocomposites exhibited a series of properties unlike traditional composites, and the nano sized inorganic particles have resulted in a transparent hybrid when the SiO2 content was less than 12 wt %. The Young's modulus and tensile strength of the PIS/SiO2 hybrid nanocomposites increased with increasing SiO2 content, whereas, the elongation at break was only slightly affected. The structure of the hybrids was characterized by FTIR, 29Si‐NMR, 1H‐NMR, and 13C‐NMR, as well as SEM and TEM. The thermal properties of the PIS/SiO2 hybrid nanocomposites were investigated with DSC, TGA, and DMA studies. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Characterizing the marine Natura 2000 network for the Atlantic region
Authors: Johnson M.P. , Crowe T.P. , McAllen R. , Allcock A.L. 
Published: April 2007

Abstract
One of the goals for Natura 2000, a key European Community programme of nature conservation, is to produce a network of protected areas. An analysis of the Natura 2000 marine sites proposed in the most recently agreed list for the Atlantic region (northern Portugal to Denmark, n=298) was used to characterize the network in terms of site areas and inter‐site distances. Sites were considered as part of the network when they included any of the marine Natura 2000 Annex I habitat types found in the Atlantic region (excluding lagoons).
The median size of individual sites was 7.6 km2 with a median separation among neighbouring sites of 21 km (range 2–138 km).
A connectivity analysis was used to identify the potential reliance of species on areas of habitat outside the proposed network. This analysis was based on the assumptions that: (a) species with low dispersal capacity will persist in sites when local reproductive effort sustains the resident population and (b) greater dispersal scale will link sites in the network, but implies a greater loss of recruits from the local population. For intermediate dispersal scales (2–20 km), at least half of the proposed sites are likely to be both too small and too isolated to support populations in the network. The conservation of intermediate dispersers in such sites may therefore be more dependent on habitat outside the network than is the case for other dispersal capabilities. Species with both dispersal scales above 20 km and low habitat specificity may have a metapopulation structure with exchange of dispersing individuals occurring among protected sites. Species with increasing degrees of habitat specificity will need dispersal scales greater than 20 km to avoid dependence on areas outside the proposed network.
Most sections of the Atlantic region coastline contain proposed Nature 2000 sites. An analysis of site area and average isolation at the 1° latitude by 1° longitude scale indicated that relatively well designated sections (in terms of area and site spacing) of the coast were interspersed with less well designated sections. Analyses of overall habitat availability and population genetic studies are required to assess the significance of varying levels of protection at this scale.
Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Web searching in Chinese: A study of a search engine in Hong Kong
Authors: Chau Michael , Fang Xiao , Yang Christopher C. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe number of non‐English resources has been increasing rapidly on the Web. Although many studies have been conducted on the query logs in search engines that are primarily English‐based (e.g., Excite and AltaVista), only a few of them have studied the information‐seeking behavior on the Web in non‐English languages. In this article, we report the analysis of the search‐query logs of a search engine that focused on Chinese. Three months of search‐query logs of Timway, a search engine based in Hong Kong, were collected and analyzed. Metrics on sessions, queries, search topics, and character usage are reported. N‐gram analysis also has been applied to perform character‐based analysis. Our analysis suggests that some characteristics identified in the search log, such as search topics and the mean number of queries per sessions, are similar to those in English search engines; however, other characteristics, such as the use of operators in query formulation, are significantly different. The analysis also shows that only a very small number of unique Chinese characters are used in search queries. We believe the findings from this study have provided some insights into further research in non‐English Web searching.
Role of annexin 1 gene expression in mouse craniofacial bone development
Authors: Damazo Amilcar Sabino , Moradi‐Bidhendi Niloufar , Oliani Sonia Maria , Flower Roderick John 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND:Annexin 1 is a 37‐kDa protein that has complex intra‐ and extracellular effects. To discover whether the absence of this protein alters bone development, we monitored this event in the annexin‐A1 null mice in comparison with littermate wild‐type controls.METHODS:Radiographic and densitometry methods were used for the assessment of bone in annexin‐A1 null mice at a gross level. We used whole‐skeleton staining, histological analysis, and Western blotting techniques to monitor changes at the tissue and cellular levels.RESULTS:There were no gross differences in the appendicular skeleton between the genotypes, but an anomalous development of the skull was observed in the annexin‐A1 null mice. This was characterized in the newborn annexin‐A1 null animals by a delayed intramembranous ossification of the skull, incomplete fusion of the interfrontal suture and palatine bone, and the presence of an abnormal suture structure. The annexin‐A1 gene was shown to be active in osteocytes during this phase and COX‐2 was abundantly expressed in cartilage and bone taken from annexin‐A1 null mice.CONCLUSIONS:Expression of the annexin‐A1 gene is important for the normal development of the skull in mice, possibly through the regulation of osteoblast differentiation and a secondary effect on the expression of components of the cPLA2‐COX‐2 system. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characteristics of research on green marketing
Authors: Chamorro Antonio , Rubio Sergio , Miranda Francisco J. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis paper aims to describe and analyze the main characteristics of articles on green marketing published in the most relevant journals within the period 1993–2003, in order to determine the evolution of this current issue of research over recent years and improve our understanding of this subject. We built up a database with 112 articles on green marketing and we have explored the topic, the methodology and the techniques of analysis, as well as other relevant aspects of the research. In order to complete this analysis, we made a review of articles published in two journals specializing in environmental management: BSE and CSREM. In this way, this paper offers practical help to those who are beginning research on this topic because the results will help us to determine what still needs to be investigated in this topic and hence propose a research agenda for the coming years. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Characterization of Portland cements by X‐ray spectrometry allied to chemometrics
Authors: Goraieb Karen , Lopes Aline Soriano , Sato Cíntia Akemi , Segatelli Mariana Gava , Silva Viviane Pacheco e , Verzoto José Carlos , Bueno Maria Izabel Maretti Silveira 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis work reports the use of X‐ray spectrometry (XRS) allied to chemometric techniques to easily distinguish types of Portland cements, as well as to quantify some of their constituent elements. The samples were irradiated as powders for 200 s using two distinct irradiation conditions, one more adequate for heavier elements (condition 1) and the other (condition 2) for lighter elements, using a conventional bench top energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (EDXRF) equipment. The spectra were processed via the software The Unscrambler, version 9.2. The PLS 1 LV1 × LV2 scores graph shows a classification into five groups, in accordance with the calcium concentration, using condition 2. The classification of the cements by producer was feasible using the PLS1 LV1 × LV3 scores graph, with condition 1. The elements Ca, Si, Al and Mg were successfully quantified using multivariate calibration of the whole spectra. However, for Fe, S and K, better results were obtained by correlating their corresponding Kαpeaks with concentrations in a univariate procedure, using irradiation condition 2.Chemometric tools allied to XRS are powerful techniques to classify Portland cements, regarding to their origins and their calcium concentration, which is related to the cement type. The PLS chemometric tool was very useful to easily quantify light elements, such as Al, Si and Mg, a challenge in most X‐ray analytical methods, since their Kαemission peaks are very close to each other. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thallium Halides — New Aspects of the Stereochemical Activity of Electron Lone Pairs of Heavier Main‐Group Elements
Authors: Mudring Anja‐Verena 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
1,4,8,11‐Tetraazacyclotetradecane Antimony(III) Sulfide.
Authors: Lees Rachel J. E. , Powell Anthony V. , Watkin David J. , Chippindale Ann M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Coinage Metal Lanthanide Chalcogenides. Part 2. Copper(I) Lanthanide(III) Sulfides of the Composition CuMS2 (M: Dy—Lu) with the Orthorhombic B‐Type Structure.
Authors: Strobel Sabine , Schleid Thomas 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Heats of Formation for Several Crystalline Polymorphs and Pressure‐Induced Amorphous Forms of AMo2O8 (A: Zr, Hf) and ZrW2O8.
Authors: Varga Tamas , Lind Cora , Wilkinson Angus P. , Xu Hongwu , Lesher Charles E. , Navrotsky Alexandra 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Decomposition of Organic Compounds over NaBiO3 under Visible Light Irradiation.
Authors: Kako Tetsuya , Zou Zhigang , Katagiri Masahiko , Ye Jinhua 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient Synthesis of Isothiocyanates Based on the Tandem Staudinger/Aza‐Wittig Reactions and Mechanistic Consideration of the Tandem Reactions.
Authors: Isoda Takeshi , Hayashi Kazuhiko , Tamai Satoshi , Kumagai Toshio , Nagao Yoshimitsu 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Catalytic Enantioselective Diels—Alder Reaction in Ionic Liquid via a Recyclable Chiral In(III) Complex.
Authors: Fu Fan , Teo Yong‐Chua , Loh Teck‐Peng 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Thermally Induced Cyclobutenone Rearrangements and Domino Reactions.
Authors: Harrowven David C. , Pascoe David D. , Guy Ian L. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Molybdate Sulfuric Acid/NaNO2: A Novel Heterogeneous System for the N‐Nitrosation of Secondary Amines under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Montazerozohori Morteza , Karami Bahador 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Practical Copper‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation of Nitrogen Heterocycles with Aryl Halides under Ligand and Additive Free Conditions.
Authors: Chang Joyce Wei Wei , Xu Xiuhui , Chan Philip Wai Hong 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Preparation of tert‐Alkyl Azides from Tertiary Alcohols by Way of Benzoquinone‐Mediated Oxidation—Reduction Condensation.
Authors: Kuroda Kiichi , Kaneko Nobuya , Hayashi Yujiro , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Oxidative Photo‐Decarboxylation in the Presence of Mesoporous Silicas.
Authors: Itoh Akichika , Kodama Tomohiro , Masaki Yukio , Inagaki Shinji 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Improved Method for the Protection of Carboxylic Acids as 1,1‐Dimethylallyl Esters.
Authors: Sedighi Minoo , Calimsiz Selcuk , Lipton Mark A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Mg‐Oppenauer Oxidation as a Mild Method for the Synthesis of Aryl and Metallocenyl Ketones.
Authors: Kloetzing Ralf J. , Krasovskiy Arkady , Knochel Paul 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Practical Preparation of Esters and Thioacetates from Alkyl Halides and Carboxylates or Thioacetate Catalyzed by PEG400 Without Solvent.
Authors: Cao Yu‐Qing , Wu Guo‐Qiang , Li Ya‐Bin , Dai Zhi , Chen Bao‐Hua 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
W(CO)5(L)‐Catalyzed Tandem Intramolecular Cyclopropanation/Cope Rearrangement for the Stereoselective Construction of Bicyclo[5.3.0]decane Framework.
Authors: Kusuma Hiroyuki , Onizawa Yuji , Iwasawa Nobuharu 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 4‐Bromocubane‐1‐carbaldehyde.
Authors: Shastin A. V. , Zakharov V. V. , Bugaeva G. P. , Eremenko L. T. , Romanova L. B. , Lagodzinskaya G. V. , Aleksandrov G. G. , Eremenko I. L. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Addition of Hydroxylamine Derivatives to Baylis—Hillman Acetate Adducts.
Authors: Reddy Ch. Raji , Kiranmai N. , Babu G. S. Kiran , Sarma G. Dattatreya , Jagadeesh B. , Chandrasekhar S. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.