bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eddy-driven diazotroph distribution: horizontal variability prevails over particle sinking speed
Authors: CERDÁN-GARCÍA ELENA , Álvarez-Salgado Xose-Antonio , Arístegui Javier , Martínez-Marrero Antonio , Benavides Mar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Mesoscale eddies influence the distribution of diazotroph (nitrogen fixing) cyanobacteria, impacting marine primary productivity and carbon export. Recently, non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs (NCDs) have emerged as potentially important contributors to the marine nitrogen fixation. Lacking a photosynthetic apparatus, NCDs are thought to rely on organic matter particles to obtain carbon and nutrient resources, simultaneously impacting nitrogen and carbon cycling. However, their diversity and biogeochemical importance remain poorly understood. Combining amplicon sequencing with hydrographic and biogeochemical data, allowed the investigation of the horizontal and vertical spatial variability of NCDs associated with suspended, slow-sinking, and fast-sinking particles collected with a marine snow catcher. Despite cyanobacterial diazotrophs and NCDs were equally abundant, their diversity was explained by the structure of the eddy, with communities in the core more similar than in the periphery. The unicellular symbiotic cyanobacterium UCYN-A was widespread across the eddy, whereas Trichodesmium and Crocosphaera accumulated at the external eddy fronts. Particle-associated NCDs dominated the fast-sinking fractions, mainly comprising Alphaproteobacteria. Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria exhibited inverse distributions, influenced by the physicochemical characteristics of water intrusions at the eddy periphery. Niche differentiation across the anticyclonic eddy underscored NCDs’ particle associations and mesoscale dynamics, deepening our understanding of their ecological role and impact on ocean biogeochemistry.
Rogue and solitary waves in the nonlinear left-handed transmission line with nearest-neighbors couplings
Authors: Abbagari Souleymanou , Alphonse Houwe , Akinyemi Lanre , Serge Doka Yamigno , Crépin Kofane Timoléon 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The effects of the second-order neighbor interaction have been effective on the coherent localized waves and modulation instability spectrum. A coupled nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation is derived in the nonlinear left-handed electrical lattice, and the linear stability is used to formulate the modulation instability spectrum expression. Unstable modes are displayed to show symmetric lobes and increasing bandwidths under the influence of the neighbor coupling. The Benjamin-Feir instability has prospered in the network, and for weak perturbed wave numbers, the unstable modes increase. The numerical simulation is used to develop localized waves, including rogue waves with one crest and two humps, Akhmediev breathers, and other modulated structures. We notice that, for strong values of the perturbed wave number, an exponential growth of the continuous wave arises to confirm the fact that the nonlinear left-handed electrical lattice with coupling strength is opened to coherent localized waves. The long-lived nature of the obtained structures has also been demonstrated for specific times of propagation.
Significance of early diagnosis and surgical management in treating Mycobacterium immunogenum-related pyogenic extensor tenosynovitis: a case report
Authors: Okinaka Tomohide , Fujimura Kenjiro , Hamasaki Yuka , Hasegawa Yuichi , Matono Takashi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmental organisms that are increasingly contributing to human infections. Mycobacterium immunogenum, a variant of NTM discovered in 2001, is a rapidly growing mycobacterium that exhibits multidrug resistance. Reports of infections caused by this organism, particularly tenosynovitis in the musculoskeletal system, are limited.
Case presentation
A 71-year-old female with vesicular pemphigus, undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, presented with a progressively enlarging tumour on the dorsum of her right hand, along with erythematous papules that extended across her right forearm. The specimens of skin tissues and blood cultures revealed the presence of M. immunogenum. Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation led to the diagnosis of pyogenic extensor tenosynovitis. A multidrug regimen, comprising amikacin and clarithromycin, was initiated, followed by synovectomy. The patient underwent a course of 180 days of antimicrobial therapy and demonstrated no signs of disease recurrence one year after treatment completion.
Conclusion
Early diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial to prevent the adverse prognostic implications of pyogenic extensor tenosynovitis caused by M. immunogenum. Effective management requires precise microbial identification and susceptibility testing, necessitating collaborative engagement with microbiological laboratories.
The first Japanese case of small airway disease in a patient with autosomal dominant cutis laxa harboring frameshift variant in exon 30 of the elastin gene
Authors: Kaji Masanori , Namkoong Ho , Chubachi Shotaro , Tanaka Hiromu , Asakura Takanori , Hashiguchi Mizuha Haraguchi , Yamada Mamiko , Suzuki Hisato , Tanabe Naoya , Yamada Yoshitake , Ouchi Takeshi , Tsuji Atsutoshi , Hasegawa Naoki , Kosaki Kenjiro , Fukunaga Koichi , Uehara Tomoko 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Cutis laxa constitutes a diverse group of connective tissue diseases, both inherited and acquired, characterized by loose skin and varying systemic involvement, including pulmonary lesions. While cutis laxa has been linked to conditions like emphysema, asthma, and bronchiectasis, the specific pathological and radiological characteristics underlying pulmonary complications related to cutis laxa remain unclear.
Case presentation:
A 36-year-old woman, diagnosed with cutis laxa at birth, presented to our outpatient clinic with severe obstructive ventilatory impairment, evident in preoperative pulmonary function tests (expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC): 34.85%). Pulmonary function tests also indicated small airway disease (FEF50%, 7.9%; FEF75%, 5.7%; and FEF25–75%, 6.8%). Computed tomography (CT) revealed pronounced air trapping during expiration, with no discernible emphysematous changes. Exome sequencing was performed to confirm the association between the pulmonary lesions and cutis laxa, revealing a frameshift variant in exon 30 of the elastin gene (ELN). Further analysis employing a parametric response map revealed a longitudinal increase in the percentage of functional small airway disease (fSAD), despite the absence of overt changes in CT findings, specifically air trapping and emphysema.
Conclusions:
This case highlighted an instance of autosomal dominant cutis laxa arising from a frameshift variant in exon 30 of ELN, accompanied by small airway disease. Comprehensive investigation, utilizing quantitative CT analysis, revealed a longitudinal increase in fSAD percentage with a slight reduction in FEV1. These findings indicate that elastin deficiency may not only diminish elastic fibers in the skin but also be implicated in small airway disease by impacting components of the extracellular matrix in the lungs.
Clinical Study on the Application of Sleep Health Management System in Insomnia Problem population
Authors: Meng Yilin , Hu Linlin , Zhang Yonghua , ZHANG Lei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

To observe the effectiveness of sleep health management system in improving sleep of people with insomnia problems. A total of 120 college students who had insomnia problems in four universities of Zhejiang Province were randomly divided into sleep management group and blank control group. The sleep management group was given sleep hygiene education and managed sleep health through sleep health management application program, while the blank control group was given sleep hygiene education alone. The improvement of sleep, mood, cognition of sleep and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups. The scores of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale-16 (DBAS-16) and the polysomnography data were used to evaluate efficacy. After the treatment, the score of sleep management group decreased more than that of blank control group, and the polysomnography data showed that the improvement of sleep quality in sleep management group was better than that in blank control group. The above results suggest that the application of sleep health management system can effectively improve the sleep of people with insomnia problems, adjust the sleep structure, regulate emotions and improve the poor cognition of sleep.
Vasectomy incidence in the Military Health System after the reversal of Roe v. Wade
Authors: Pierson Benjamin , Banaag Amanda , Janvrin Miranda , Koehlmoos Tracey 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization has already had profound impact on reproductive health care in the United States. Some studies have reported increased incidence of vasectomy after the Dobbs decision. The Military Health System (MHS) provides a unique opportunity to evaluate this relationship in a universally insured, geographically representative population. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of vasectomies among all male beneficiaries in the MHS, ages 18 to 64, from 2018 to 2022. Analyses included descriptive statistics on patient demographics, rate change, time analysis, logistic regressions for the odds of a vasectomy after the Dobbs decision, and state-level analysis. Our analysis indicated a 19.7% increase in vasectomy utilization in 2022 compared to the average from 2018–2021. Analysis by state showed that the relative increase in vasectomy after the Dobbs decision was greater in a state immediately implementing a restriction on abortion access (Texas, 29.3%) compared to a state with no such restriction (Virginia, 10.6%). Our findings highlight the impact of the Dobbs decision on reproductive health care utilization outside of abortion.
Prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms and their associated factors in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis patients from China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhao Xuanna , Yan Rui , Long Bingyu , Huang Mei , Liu Gege , Lv Dong , Li Dongming , Wu Bin , Huang Dan , Wang Duolao , Wu Dong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Bronchiectasis often coexists with anxiety and depression. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors for anxiety and depression among bronchiectasis patients.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 345 non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis patients in Zhanjiang, China from 2021 to 2023. Data on clinical characteristics, laboratory data, pulmonary function and imaging findings of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis patients were collected. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used to evaluate their mental health. Logistic regression model was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for risk factors associated with anxiety or depression.
Results
Among 345 patients, 39.4% had anxiety and 50.4% had depression. Logistic regression analysis indicated that higher dyspnea (mMRC score ≥ 2) was significantly associated with an increased odds of anxiety (aOR = 3.73, 95% CI: 2.23, 6.24) and depression (aOR = 4.01, 95% CI: 2.35, 6.84). In addition, female patients (aOR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.12, 2.97) and patients with frequent exacerbations in past one year (≥ 2) (aOR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.09, 3.41) also had a higher odds of depression.
Conclusions
Anxiety and depression were highly prevalent among bronchiectasis patients. Higher dyspnea was related to both depression and anxiety. Female and frequent exacerbation in past one year were associated with depression. Clinicians should consider psychiatric symptoms in the routine management of bronchiectasis.
Evaluation of the pharmacokinetics, bioequivalence, and safety of two preparations of 20 mg trimetazidine
Authors: Tan Dongmei , Zhang Fucai , Fu Xihua , Su Jianfen , Xu Zuoheng , Yang Hui , Mu Yanping 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose: Trimetazidine (TMZ) is effective for the treatment of angina. Herein, we assessed the pharmacokinetics, safety, and bioequivalence of TMZ hydrochloride tablets from two different manufacturers in healthy Chinese individuals under both fasting and fed conditions.
Methods: Twenty-eight participants were randomly assigned to either the fasting or fed arm in the single-center, randomized, open-label, crossover trial with a two-period, two-sequence design. TMZ levels in plasma were determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined using a non-atrioventricular model.
Results: The mean AUC0-t, AUC0-∞, and Cmax for the test and reference formulations were 461.1 and 488.6 h·ng/mL, 471.3 and 500.2 h·ng/mL, and 50.0 and 52.6 ng/mL in the fasting arm, respectively. Similarly, in the fed arm, the values were 439.6 and 453.8 h·ng/mL, 448.4 and 462.9 h·ng/mL, and 64.0 and 66.8 ng/mL. The bioequivalence of both fasting and fed states for all parameters fell within the acceptable limits in both TMZ preparations. All recorded adverse events were mild.
Conclusion: Overall, the test TMZ formulation was bioequivalent to the reference formulation and was safe for healthy Chinese subjects in both fasting and fed states.
Interactions between patterns of multimorbidity and functional status among hospitalized older patients: a novel approach using cluster analysis and association rule mining.
Authors: Piacenza Francesco , Rosa Mirko Di , Soraci Luca , Montesanto Alberto , Corsonello Andrea , Cherubini Antonio , Fabbietti Paolo , Provinciali Mauro , Lisa Rosamaria , Bonfigli Anna Rita , Filicetti Elvira , Greco Giada Ida , Muglia Lucia , Lattanzio Fabrizia , Biscetti Leonardo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Multimorbidity (MM) is generally defined as the presence of 2 or more chronic diseases in the same patient and seems to be frequently associated with frailty and poor quality of life. However, the complex interplay between MM and functional status in hospitalized older patients has not been fully elucidated so far. Here, we implemented a 2-step approach, combining cluster analysis and association rule mining to explore how patterns of MM and disease associations change as a function of disability.
Methods
this retrospective cohort study included 3,366 hospitalized older patients discharged from acute care units of Ancona and Cosenza sites of Italian National Institute on Aging (INRCA-IRCCS) between 2011 and 2017. Cluster analysis and association rule mining (ARM) were used to explore patterns of MM and disease associations in the whole population and after stratifying by dependency in activities of daily living (ADL) at discharge. Sensitivity analyses in men and women were conducted to test for robustness of study findings.
Results
Out of 3,366 included patients, 78% were multimorbid. According to functional status, 22.2% of patients had no disability in ADL (functionally independent group), 22.7% had 1 ADL dependency (mildly dependent group), and 57.4% 2 or more ADL impaired (moderately-severely dependent group). Two main MM clusters were identified in the whole general population and in single ADL groups. ARM revealed interesting within-cluster disease associations, characterized by high lift and confidence. Specifically, in the functionally independent group, the most significant ones involved atrial fibrillation (AF)-anemia and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (lift = 2.32), followed by coronary artery disease (CAD)-AF and heart failure (HF) (lift = 2.29); in patients with moderate-severe ADL disability, the most significant ARM involved CAD-HF and AF (lift = 1.97), thyroid dysfunction and AF (lift = 1.75), cerebrovascular disease (CVD)-CAD and AF (lift = 1.55), and hypertension-anemia and CKD (lift = 1.43).
Conclusions
Hospitalized older patients have high rates of MM and functional impairment. Combining cluster analysis to ARM may assist physicians in discovering unexpected disease associations in patients with different ADL status. This could be relevant in the view of individuating personalized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, according to the modern principles of precision medicine.
Adaptive output feedback command filter controlbased on extreme learning machine for nonaffine time delay systems with input saturation
Authors: Zhu Jingyang , Li Shurong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper is concerned with extreme learning machine (ELM)-approximation-based command filter control for nonaffine pure-feedback time delay systems with input saturation. To begin with, a mean value theorem and an implicit function theorem are exploited to transform the system under consideration into an affine form. Afterwards, a state observer is developed to estimate the state variables that cannot be measured directly. By using the approximation capability and inherent adaptive features of an ELM, the unknown functions in time delay systems are successfully solved. The outputs of the command filter are applied to approximate the virtual control signals’ derivative, thereby circumventing the problem of "explosion of complexity" that can occur due to the presence of multiple differentiation of the virtual control signals. Meanwhile, the compensation signals are introduced to eliminate the filtering errors in a dynamic surface control (DSC). The Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals are utilized to mitigate the time delay terms. An error constraint transformation method is consumed to guarantee the fulfillment of prescribed performance for a tracking error. Combining a prescribed performance control (PPC) with a command filter control, the target of a tracking error converges to a prescribed arbitrary small interval can be realized. Additionally, the effect of input saturation is eliminated with the aid of an auxiliary system. Finally, the effectiveness of the presented control approach is further proved by taking an electromechanical system as an application object.
Earth’s core composition constrained by H partitioning at the inner core boundary
Authors: Jing Zhicheng , Liu Tao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Recent studies suggest that H is an important light element in the Earth’s core for its high cosmochemical abundance and strong affinity to Fe under core-formation conditions. Thus, constraining the light element contents in the core requires knowledge on the distribution of H between the liquid outer core and solid inner core. Here we investigate the chemical equilibrium of H at the inner-core boundary (ICB) by calculating the chemical potential of H in solid and liquid Fe-H alloys, respectively, using first-principles molecular dynamic simulations in conjunction with the particle insertion and neural network methods. We find that H partitions preferentially into the outer core and provides a major contribution to the density jump across the ICB boundary. Combining geophysical constraints, mineral physics data, and chemical equilibrium at the ICB, we evaluated light element abundances in the outer and inner cores simultaneously. Our results suggest H and Si are the preferred light elements in the core, implying a relatively reduced environment during the Earth’s accretion and core-formation processes.
Comparison of methods of positioning ROI and whole-tumor histogram analysis of ADC maps for differentiating hyperperfused primary central nervous system lymphoma from atypical glioblastoma
Authors: Yu Lan , Yang Feiman , Wang Feng , Kang Jie , Zhou Xiaofang , Song Yang , Cao Dairong , Xing Zhen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose: Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) is important parameter to identify glioblastoma (GBM) and primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), but its discriminatory value is unclear in atypical GBM (aGBM) and hyperperfused PCNSL (hPCNSL). The aim of this study is to investigate the differential diagnostic value of different ADC measurements for aGBM and hPCNSL.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 65 patients with aGBM (n = 33, solid enhancement with no visible necrosis) and hPCNSL (n = 32, PCNSL performed greater than or equal 25% relative cerebral blood volume of aGBM as hPCNSL). All patients evaluated the ADC using three-ROIs, single-section, and whole-volume methods in the enhancing (n = 65) and perienhancing (n = 50) lesions. Moreover, ADC histogram parameters for the enhancing and perienhancing lesions were extracted from aGBM and hPCNSL. The student’s t-test or Mann-Whitney U test was utilized to compare values. Parameters with significant differences between the two groups were included for receiver operating characteristic analysis. The DeLong test was used to compare AUCs.
Results: For the enhancing lesions, ADCs of three methods and 10th percentile histogram parameter were significantly lower in patients with hPCNSL than in those with aGBM (p < 0.05, all). Compared to single-section, whole-volume methods and other histogram parameters, the three-ROIs method and 10th percentile histogram parameter had well diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.804 and 0.783, Delong test, p > 0.05) to accurately predict these two diseases in enhancing lesions. For the perienhancing lesions, all parameters were not significantly different between aGBM and hPCNSL (p > 0.05, all).
Conclusions: ADC is important for the identification of aGBM and hPCNSL. Among different measures, three-ROIs method and 10th percentile histogram parameter have the highest value in the differential diagnosis of these two specific types of tumors.
Target Detection Algorithm Based on Efficient Self-Attention-Convolution Enhanced Transformer
Authors: An Fengping , Wang Jianrong , Liu Ruijun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Since the target detection algorithm based on convolutional neural network suffers from limited convolutional kernel receptive field, it leads to the model's inability to perceive the remote semantic information in the image. Because the Transformer model does not have the limitation of local receptive fields, it is introduced into the field of target detection, and many scholars have proposed target detection algorithms based on Transformer and its variants. However, the Transformer model has the difficulties of not being able to extract the deep feature information and the high computational complexity of the standard self-attention mechanism in the process of target detection and recognition applications. Aiming at the above two core problems, we have carried out in-depth analysis and research, and proposed an encoder-decoder model consisting of a convolutional layer and a Transformer module. And then, we constructed the efficient multi-head self-attention mechanism, which can capture both local and remote contextual information of target image features. Then, we design efficient convolutional module-enhanced cross-window connectivity, which can significantly improve the characterization and global modeling capabilities of Transformer model. In addition, we propose the convolution-enhanced Transformer learning framework, which improves the adaptability to different datasets, which also integrates the sparse sampling strategy. It can significantly reduce the memory and computational requirements in large-scale image processing. Finally, we propose a target detection algorithm based on a new Transformer framework. We conducted ablation experiments and computational performance comparison experiments on several HRRS scenes and natural scene datasets. The experimental results confirm that our proposed method obtains optimal results in terms of weighted F-measure, average F-measure and MAE. Moreover, our proposed method has clearer edge information and more accurate target localization information in the visual effect of detection results.