bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Synthesis of Fibronectin-related Peptides. Ala-analogs of RGDSPASS Containing Cystine Peptide (FR-1)
Authors: Yamamoto Yasuo , Katow Hideki , Sofuku Shosuke 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence is an active site in the cell-binding domain of fibronectin. Ala-analogs of RGDSPASS containing cystine peptide (FR-1) were synthesized to investigate the relationship between the functional group and the biological activity of FR-1.
Confirmation of Poly(1,3-dioxolan-2-one) Degrading Microorganisms in Environment
Authors: Nishida Haruo , Tokiwa Yutaka 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Ecological biodegradability of aliphatic polycarbonates in different environments was estimated by the clear-zone method with an agar medium containing emulsified polycarbonates. It was found that poly(1,3-dioxolan-2-one) can be degraded by microorganisms in certain limited environments.
Improvement in Adsorption Capacity of Nitrogen over X-type Zeolites by n-Hexane Plasma Processing and Heat Treatment
Authors: Sakata Yusaku , Hayashi Shigeya , Funada Ichiro , Kasaoka Shigeaki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The X- and Y-type Faujasite zeolites were modified with n-hexane plasma processing followed by thermal treatment at 600 °C to produce the carbon coated zeolites. Amount of carbon coated was up to 2.8 wt% for Ca-X zeolite, depending on the time of plasma processing. Although the pore volume of the zeolites was reduced by the carbon modification, the adsorption uptake of N2 at 30 °C increased preferentially to that of O2 and/or Ar only for the modified X-type zeolites. The increase of the N2 uptake was up to 150% for the Na-X zeolite at carbon coating around 1 wt%. Both H2O–DSC and NH3–TPD measurements supported that carbon cluster from plasma processing was present in the Faujasite cage.
Photoreactions of Palladium Phosphine Complex with Chloroalkane. Production of Ethylene with 1,2-Dichloroethane and Novel Photochromic Behavior
Authors: Tsubomura Taro , Itsuki Atsushi , Homma Masahiko , Sakai Ken 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Photoirradiation on [Pd02(dppm)3] (dppm = bis(diphenylphosphino)methane) in 1,2-dichloroethane solution with visible light yields [PdI2Cl2(dppm)2] (2) and ethylene quantitatively. Irradiation of 2 in various solutions shows interesting photochromic behavior.
N-Salicylidene-2-aminopyridine as a Photochromic Guest for Deoxycholic Acid Crystal Lattice Cavities
Authors: Kawato Toshio , Koyama Hiroyuki , Kanatomi Hajime , Yonetani Kazumi , Matsushita Hideki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Deoxycholic acid formed a definite inclusion compound with non-photochromic N-salicylidene-2-aminopyridine.The guest Schiff base exhibited photochromism within the clathrate cavities. First-order rate constants for the thermal bleaching reaction of the photochrome were measured by reflectance spectrophotometry.
Synthesis of [35](1,2,3,4,5)Cyclophane
Authors: Shinmyozu Teruo , Hirakida Mihoko , Kusumoto Shirou , Tomonou Mie , Inazu Takahiko , Rudzinski Jerzy M 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
[35](1,2,3,4,5)Cyclophane 3 was synthesized by an acid-catalyzed eyclization between a pseudogeminally substituted acetyl group and a chloromethyl group of a tetra-bridged compound followed by two-step hydrogenation of the resulting penta-bridged bromo-olefin. 3 shows the strongest transannular π–π interaction among [m.n]- and multibridged benzenophanes synthesized so far. 3 is conformationally mobile at room temperature in CD2Cl2, and two conformers 3a and 3b are observed at −90 °C.
Molecular Ferromagnet, PM[VO(hfac)2]2 (PM = pyrimidine, hfac = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoropenta-2,4-dionate). Ferromagnetic Assembly of Ground High-Spin Molecules
Authors: Mitsubori Shin-ichi , Ishida Takayuki , Nogami Takashi , Iwamura Hiizu , Takeda Naoya , Ishikawa Masayasu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A ferromagnetic transition was observed at about 0.14 K in the molecular crystals of the title complex. The isothermal magnetization measured at 85 mK (below Tc) showed an S-shaped curve characteristic of a ferromagnet with a small hysteresis. The present system realizes the high-spin molecule toward molecular-based ferromagnets.
Effect of Substitution of a 2-Anthryl Group at the N=N and N=C Unsaturated Bonds on Their Photoisomerization in the Triplet State
Authors: Karatsu Takashi , Shiga Tsutomu , Kitamura Akihide , Arai Tatsuo , Sakuragi Hirochika , Tokumaru Katsumi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Substitution of a 2-anthryl group at the nitrogen of N=NPh and N=CHPh bonds led to mutual isomerization between Z and E isomers on triplet sensitization giving photostationary mixtures very much rich in E isomers, although the substitution at the carbon of CH=NPh bond resulted in one-way Z → E isomerization in the triplet state likewise to CH=CHPh and C(CH3)=NOCH3 bonds.
Lanthanoid Triflate Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Amines to α, β-Unsaturated Esters. A Facile Route to Optically Active β-Lactam
Authors: Matsubara Seijiro , Yoshioka Masahito , Utimoto Kiitiro 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Catalytic amount of lanthanoid(III) triflates promoted the conjugate addition of amines to 2-alkenoic acid esters to give β-amino esters. The reaction of benzylamine with α,β-unsaturated esters containing a stereogenic center at γ-position proceeded diastereoselectivity to yield optically active β-lactam precursors.
Polysilane Synthesis by Catalytic Disproportionation of Alkoxydisilanes
Authors: Kabeta Keiji , Wakamatsu Shigeru , Imai Takafumi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Network polysilanes with methyl, phenyl, and ethoxy groups (Mw 530–7000) were prepared by a catalytic disproportionation reaction of methylethoxydisilanes in the presence of phenylethoxysilanes. Hexyl or cyclohexyl groups were also incorporated into polysilanes when corresponding alkoxysilanes were employed. Reaction of pentamethylethoxydisilane clarified a mechanism of the reaction.
Photoprotein of Luminous Squid, Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis and Reconstruction of the Luminous System
Authors: Takahashi Hiroyuki , Isobe Minoru 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The photoprotein in the luminous squid, Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis, was extracted in high salt solutions at low temperatures. It was partially purified to show bioluminescence when warmed to room temperature. To the resulting protein solution after this luminescence, three solutions containing dehydrocoelenterazine, its DTT adduct and GSH adduct were added to observe immediate light, respectively. These recorded the first reconstruction of the luminous system in this squid. Coelenterazine, however, gave only weak light in 2 h after addition.
Selective Electrochemical Formyl Hydrogen-Exchange Fluorination of Aliphatic Aldehydes to Prepare Acyl Fluorides Using HF-Base Solutions
Authors: Yoneda Norihiko , Chen Sheng-Qi , Hatakeyama Tsuyoshi , Hara Syoji , Fukuhara Tsuyoshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The selective displacement of formyl hydrogen (–(C=O)–H) to fluorine in aliphatic aldehydes was successfully carried out electrochemically to give acyl fluorides in base-nHF (base: pyridine or Et3N, n = 3–6) electrolyte solution with or without solvents such as acetonitrile and sulfolane.
Reduction of CO2 with H2O on TiO2(100) and TiO2(110) Single Crystals under UV-irradiation
Authors: Yamashita Hiromi , Kamada Nobuhiro , He Hong , Tanaka Ken-ichi , Ehara Shaw , Anpo Masakazu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The reduction of CO2 with H2O was investigated on the single crystals of TiO2(100) and TiO2(110); the former TiO2(100) exhibiting a higher efficiency in the formation of CH4 and CH3OH than TiO2(110). Measurements of the intermediate species formed on the TiO2(100) single crystal were carried out using a high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS).
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Study on the Grafting of Ethylene Oxide onto the Interlayer Surface of γ-Zirconium Phosphate
Authors: Nakano Hideyuki , Ohno Takeshi , Yamanaka Shoji 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The reaction products of γ-zirconium phosphate with ethylene oxide were analyzed by solid-state 31P magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR, and 31P and 13C solution NMR spectroscopy. γ-Zirconium phosphate can be formulated as Zr(PO4)(H2PO4)·2H2O. Ethylene oxide molecules react with the interlayer H2PO4 groups, forming diester derivatives of ethylene and/or diethylene glycols.
Application of Anodically Oxidized Aluminium Wire to an Electrically Temperature-controlled Catalyst
Authors: Ohji Nobuyuki , Enomoto Nobuhito , Mizushima Takanori , Kakuta Noriyoshi , Nanba Tetsuya , Morioka Yoshio , Ueno Akifumi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Nickel metal particles incorporated into pores formed in the anodic alumina films on an aluminium wire was applied to electrically heated catalyst for hydrogenation of 1-butene.
Preparation of CdS Microcrystals Covalently Bound with Viologen Groups and Their Photoelectrochemical Properties
Authors: Torimoto Tsukasa , Maeda Kotaro , Sakata Takao , Mori Hirotaro , Yoneyama Hiroshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
CdS microcrystals (Q-CdS) covalently bound with 1-decyl-1′-(3-mercapto)propyl-4,4′-bipyridinium were prepared. The surface viologen groups picked up photo-generated electrons in the conduction band of Q-CdS particles, causing a decrease of their emission. Irradiation of these particles resulted in new absorption peaks which are assigned to viologen radical cation monomers and their dimers. The photo-reduced viologen groups can mediate photo-generated electron transfer from Q-CdS to methylene blue in solution.
Synthesis and Complex Crystal Structure of C60 with Symmetrical Donor of 2,3,6,7,10,11-Hexamethoxytriphenylene (HMT)
Authors: Chiang Long Y , Swirczewski John W , Liang Ken , Millar J 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
We have successfully synthesized the complex of C60 fullerene with a three-fold symmetrical donor of 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexamethoxytriphenylene (HMT). All spectroscopic data and analyses support the chemical composition of this complex as C60(HMT)2. Individually, each C60 fullerene sphere was found to be surrounded by four HMT molecules in distinctive tetrahedral arrangement. The closest distance from one C60 centroid to the next C60 centroid in the adjacent chain is 13.099 Å.
Preparation of Long Alkyl-substituted Oligothiophenes
Authors: Sato Masa-aki , Hiroi Masao 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
New hexyl-substituted oligothiophenes (sexi-, novi-, duodeci-, and quindeci-thiophenes) were prepared by a Ni(O)-catalyzed coupling reaction of a 5,5″-dibromo-3,3″-dihexyl-2,2′:5′,2″-terthiophene. The structures were determined by 1H NMR spectra, GPC data, and elemental analyses. Their π–π* transitions were compared with those of poly(alkylthiophenes).
Calix[4]arene-Capped Tetraphenylporphyrin. Synthetic Approach to a Chiral Capped Porphyrin with Regular C4 Symmetry
Authors: Nagasaki Takeshi , Fujishima Hiroyuki , Shinkai Seiji 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A tetraphenylporphyrin capped with a calix[4]arene through four chiral pillars has been synthesized. This molecule retains C4 symmetry characteristic of porphyrins. The preliminary experiments indicated that the cavity shows unique guest-binding properties.
Synthesis of Cubic Pm3n Mesostructured Titanium Oxophosphate
Authors: Zhang Yifeng , Li Yongsheng , Sakamoto Yasuhiro , Terasaki Osamu , Che Shunai 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A mesostructured titanium oxophosphate (designated as TOP) possessing a periodic three dimensional (3D) cubic symmetry has been synthesized for the first time, via using divalent cationic surfactants in a post-synthesis strategy. And it was further found that 3D cubic mesostructured TOP was more thermally stable than 2D hexagonal P6mm mesostructured counterpart.
Blue Electrophosphorescent Light-emitting Device Using a Novel Nonconjugated Polymer as Host Materials
Authors: Shao Ke-Feng , Xu Xin-Jun , Yu Gui , Liu Yun-Qi , Yang Lian-Ming 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Blue electrophosphorescent organic light-emitting devices (PHOLEDs) were fabricated by doping a phosphorescent iridium complex, bis[(4,6-difluorophenyl)pyridinato-N,C2](picolinato)iridium(III) (Firpic) into a novel nonconjugated polymer, poly[(9,9-diethylfluoren-2,7-ylene)diphenylsilylene] (PF-Si). A device with the same configuration using the widely applied poly(9-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) as the host material was also prepared under the identical conditions for comparison. The luminance and current efficiency of the PF-Si:Firpic device were over four times higher than those of the PVK–Firpic device at a current density of 200 mA/cm2 (1260 cd/m2 vs 275 cd/m2, 0.61 cd/A vs 0.13 cd/A).
Size-controlled Gold-catalyzed Growth of Prussian Blue Nanopillars
Authors: Sunkari Sailaja , Nagashima Sayoko , Murata Masaki , Nishihara Hiroshi , Matsui Yoshitaka , Nishio Kazuyuki , Masuda Hideki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Size-dependent nanopillars of Prussian blue were obtained by chemical deposition technique and porous alumina membranes coated with a bottom gold layer.
Three-step α-Acylation of (E)-Cinnamate Esters with Inversion of Stereochemistry through Formation and Cleavage of Carbon–Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Bonds
Authors: Uemura Minoru , Yorimitsu Hideki , Oshima Koichiro 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The reaction of cinnamate esters with lithium pentamethylcyclopentadienide in the presence of chlorodiethylaluminum provides the corresponding 1,4-adducts in high yield. The adducts undergo α-acylation reaction upon treatment with lithium diisopropylamide and acid chlorides. Removal of the pentamethylcyclopentadienyl group by the action of base affords α-acylcinnamate esters, in which the aryl and alkoxycarbonyl groups are in cis relationship.
Photocatalytic Reduction in Microreactors
Authors: Matsushita Yoshihisa , Kumada Shinji , Wakabayashi Kazuhito , Sakeda Kosaku , Ichimura Teijiro 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Photocatalytic reduction of benzaldehyde and nitrotoluene in microspace was investigated by using a microreactor with immobilized titanium dioxide. Advantages of a photocatalytic microreaction system which has a remarkably large surface-to-volume ratio have been examined.
Validation of Micelle Formation of Proteins and Determination of Their Critical Micelle Concentrations by Measuring Synchronous Light Scattering Signals Using a Common Spectrofluorometer
Authors: Zhao Hua Wen , Huang Cheng Zhi , Li Yuan Fang 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Micellization of proteins was validated and a method was developed to determine their critical micelle concentration (CMC) values by measuring synchronous light scattering (SYLS) signals using a common spectrofluorometer.
Excellent Promoting Effect of Ba Addition on the Catalytic Activity of Ir/WO3–SiO2 for the Selective Reduction of NO with CO
Authors: Takahashi Atsushi , Fujitani Tadahiro , Nakamura Isao , Katsuta Yasuhiro , Haneda Masaaki , Hamada Hideaki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The catalytic performance of Ba-doped Ir/WO3–SiO2 for the selective reduction of NO with CO in an oxidizing atmosphere was investigated. The NO reduction activity and durability of the Ir/WO3–SiO2 catalyst were drastically improved by the addition of Ba. Ba played an important role to stabilize the catalytically active Ir–WOx (x &lt; 3) sites of Ir/WO3–SiO2 during the reaction.
Structure and Electrochemical Property of Novel 1,4-Diselenins
Authors: Yamamoto Tatsuya , Ogawa Satoshi , Sato Ryu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Novel isomeric 1,4-diselenins constituted of five rings showed well-defined intermolecular interactions, π–π and Ch–Ch contacts, in crystals. Investigation of electrochemical properties for 1,4-diselenins revealed unusual redox properties by CV measurements.
Does size matter? The relationship between volume and outcome in the care of major trauma
Authors: Freeman Jenny , Nicholl Jon , Turner Janette 
Published: March 2006

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between case volume and outcome for major trauma patients. Methods: Prospective follow-up study of all major trauma patients (with injury severity score >15) arriving alive, with no invariably fatal injury, at 14 English emergency departments between 1990 and 1993. Using the stratified W statistic, an age and severity adjusted measure of outcome, the relationship between volume of cases and outcome was initially examined using the Spearman correlation coefficient. Multiple regression analysis was used to explore further the relationship, after adjustment for hospital-level characteristics. Results: The smallest department saw five major trauma cases each year, the largest saw 96. The results of the initial correlation analyses indicated that there was little evidence that outcome improved with increasing volumes for all major trauma ( ρs = 0.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.36 to 0.55) nor for the cases presenting out-of-hours ( ρs = 0.30, 95% CI: −0.19 to 0.67). However, there was evidence that patients with multiple injury ( ρs = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.27 to 0.86) and those with severe head injuries ( ρs = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.79) did better in high volume departments. This pattern, of a positive relationship for more complex cases was also in evidence from the results of the multiple regression analyses and, in particular, for patients with multiple injuries, was stable over time. Conclusions: While there was little evidence that all patients with major trauma do better in higher volume departments, there was evidence that patients with complex needs, such as the multiple injured or those with head injuries, had better outcomes.
Values underlying the National Service Framework for coronary heart disease in England: a discourse analysis
Authors: Rayner Mike , Scarborough Peter , Allender Steven 
Published: March 2006

Objectives:The National Service Framework (NSF) for Coronary Heart Disease – published by the English Department of Health in 2000 – sets out how those within the health service should seek to prevent and treat coronary heart disease and care for people with the disease. Its prescriptions are partly based on what is known about coronary heart disease and partly on its underlying 'values'. This paper seeks to identify those values. Methods:An analysis of the discourses within the text of the NSF based on critical discourse analysis. Results: Three different discourses can be identified: the managerial, the clinical and the political. The managerial discourse is dominant. Each discourse has its own values. The main 'aspirational' values within the NSF are effciency, effectiveness, autonomy (choice), universalism and equity. Some aspirational values – particularly equity – appear to be largely rhetorical and lead to few recommendations or prescriptions. Some values that might have been expected to underlie the framework, such as compassion and democracy, are largely absent. Conclusions: Discourse analysis provides a more systematic and transparent method of describing the values behind health care policy than the methods that have been used previously.
Comparison of the Properties of Vegetable Oil/Water and n-Tetradecane/Water Emulsions Stabilized by α-Lactalbumin or β-Casein
Authors: Wiącek Agnieszka Ewa , Chibowski Emil 
Published: March 2006

The properties of a refined vegetable oil (a mixture of rape and sunflower oils) and of n-tetradecane emulsions in the presence of proteins, i.e. α-lactalbumin and β-casein, were investigated. These proteins differ in their surface affinity, size and structure, and were therefore expected to show some differences in adsorption at the oil droplet/water interface. The oil samples (0.5–5.0 ml in 100 ml water) were emulsified mechanically in the presence of 1.0–5.0 mg of the protein. The stability of the emulsions was investigated via the effective diameter and multimodal size distribution of the droplets using the dynamic light-scattering technique. In addition, the zeta potentials of the emulsions were measured and found to be negative and in the range −5 mV to −20 mV in all systems. Multimodal size distribution analysis showed that soon after preparation the emulsions were quite well monodispersed. In general, α-lactalbumin appeared to be a good or even better emulsifier than β-casein for both kinds of emulsion (vegetable oil and n-tetradecane in water). Moreover, it appeared that for stability of these emulsions, the optimal ratio of oil and protein content was very important.
Body composition during GH replacement in adults – methodological variations with respect to gender
Authors: Koranyi Josef , Bosaeus Ingvar , Alpsten Magne , Bengtsson Bengt-Åke , Johannsson Gudmundur 
Published: March 2006

Objective: Men with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) may be more sensitive to GH treatment than women in terms of changes in body composition. We have studied whether age, body-mass index (BMI) and the different types of methodology used to assess body composition may explain these differences.
Design: Forty-four men and forty-four women with GHD, closely matched for age and BMI, were studied before and after 6 months of GH replacement. The dose of GH was individually adjusted. Body composition was assessed by measurements of potassium-40, total body nitrogen (TBN), tritiated water dilution, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Four- and five-compartment models for body composition were also calculated.
Results: The total daily dose of GH was similar in men and women at 6 months. Serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) was higher in men than women at baseline and after 6 months of treatment (P = 0.01, paired t-test). The increment was, however, similar. In women, GH treatment reduced body weight and increased TBN. In both men and women, total body water and body cell mass increased, while total body fat (BF) mass decreased. At baseline, mean total BF varied considerably depending on the methodology used, with the highest value obtained from DXA. The changes in BF were, however, less dependent on the methodology, but DXA and BIA demonstrated the largest inconsistency between men and women.
Conclusions: These results suggest that gender differences in body composition in response to GH treatment are small, if adjustments are made for baseline factors such as age, BMI and dose of GH. Different methods of body composition measurements produce different results, but changes in response to GH administration are less inconsistent.
Amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis: left ventricular dysfunction is associated with increased mortality
Authors: O’Sullivan Anthony J , Lewis Mridula , Diamond Terrance 
Published: March 2006

Objective: Amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT) is a challenging management problem, since patients treated with amiodarone invariably have underlying heart disease. Consequently, thyrotoxicosis can significantly contribute to increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcome and hormone profiles of patients with AIT (n = 60) with those with Graves’ thyrotoxicosis (n = 49) and toxic multinodular goitre (MNG, n = 40).
Design: A retrospective study of patients with AIT in a single institution was conducted.
Methods: Data from patients with AIT over 12 years were collected.
Results: Mean TSH levels were significantly suppressed in all three groups. However, there was no intergroup significant difference. Free thyroxine (T4) levels were significantly higher in AIT (45.6 ± 3.5 pmol/l) and Graves’ disease (44.6 ± 4.0 pmol/l) compared with toxic MNG (31.5 ± 5.1 pmol/l, P < 0.05). In contrast, free triiodothyronine (T3) levels were only significantly higher in Graves’ disease (14.7 ± 1.5 pmol/l, P = 0.002) compared with AIT (8.6 ± 0.7 pmol/l) and toxic MNG (7.4 ± 0.5 pmol/l). Six deaths occurred in the patients with AIT (10.0%, P < 0.01) and no deaths occurred in the other groups. Amiodarone treatment (P = 0.002) was the most significant predictor of death, whereas free T4, free T3 and age did not affect outcome. Within the amiodarone-treated group severe left ventricular dysfunction (P = 0.0001) was significantly associated with death.
Conclusions: (i) AIT differs from other forms of thyrotoxicosis, and (ii) severe left ventricular dysfunction is associated with increased mortality in AIT.