bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expert Evaluation of Clinical Cases of Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Данилова Л.И. , Романовский А.А. , Лущик М.Л. , Короленко Г.Г. , Бурко И.И. , Радюк Д.В. , Валуевич В.В. 
Published: March 2024

Методология экспертной оценки клинических случаев диабетического кетоацидоза опирается на знания его этиологии, патогенеза, клиники разных вариантов. Приводятся анализ основных механизмов формирования метаболических изменений, критерии тяжести кетоацидоза, протокол коррекции. В статье описаны наиболее типичные ошибки при ведении пациентов с диабетическим кетоацидозом и пути их превенции.
The methodology of expert evaluation of clinical cases of diabetic ketoacidosis is based on the knowledge of its etiology, pathogenesis, clinic of different variants. An analysis of the main mechanisms of the formation of metabolic changes, criteria for the severity of ketoacidosis, and a correction protocol are given. The article describes the most typical mistakes in the management of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis and ways to prevent them.
Alignment of semiconducting liquid crystalline polymers induced by hot stylus rubbing
Authors: Honma Michinori , Otsuka Takuya , Ito Ryota , Pau Stanley , Nose Toshiaki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We introduce a microrubbing process using a small hot stylus to create a liquid crystalline (LC) polymer possessing a microscale thread-like structure with good molecular orientation properties. In this process, the spin-coated thin film was rubbed using a hot stylus to apply a lateral shear force to the film and induce the LC phase. The effects of the rubbed line thickness (or created orientation thread spacing) on the processing temperature and vertical load were studied to construct a formation model of the orientation threads. Furthermore, a regular arrangement of the orientation threads, which can function as a diffraction grating, was fabricated to estimate the induced birefringence of the threads based on analyzing the polarization dependence of the diffraction efficiency. It was found that the induced birefringence could be considerably high, ensuring that a high orientational order is induced by the hot stylus rubbing procedure.
Experiencias Educativas para Integrar el Emprendimiento Escolar como Asignatura: una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Sánchez Echeverri Omar Hernando , Vélez Herrera Álvaro Andrés , Vega Jennifer Ximena 
Published: March 2024

Este artículo presenta una revisión de la literatura sobre el emprendimiento escolar, su impacto en el desarrollo de habilidades y competencias en estudiantes de educación básica y media. La literatura revisada muestra que la enseñanza del emprendimiento tiene numerosos beneficios, como reducir la deserción escolar, disminuir la pobreza, mejorar la calidad educativa, disminuir la desigualdad, combatir el desempleo, mejorar la autoestima y formar seres holísticos. Por lo tanto, es importante fomentar la cultura del emprendimiento desde los grados más inferiores y considerar las herramientas, metodologías y experiencias educativas necesarias para una buena formación desde la primera infancia. Aunque se observa una tendencia positiva en la implementación del emprendimiento escolar en Colombia, existen desafíos para su desarrollo sostenible, como la falta de recursos destinados a suplir lo más básico para desarrollar una cultura de emprendimiento en la sociedad.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THINK PARE SHARE (TPS) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP
Authors: Sari Dira Puspita 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah model pembelajaran Think Pair Share (TPS) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 11 Medan Tahun Pelajaran 2021-2022. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu, dengan desain penelitian pretest and posttest control group design. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak dan sederhana (simple random sampling). Sampel penelitian ini adalah 72 siswa terdiri atas siswa kelas XI-A 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dengan 36 siswa dan siswa kelas XI-A 2 sebagai kelas kontrol dengan 36 siswa. Instrumen penelitian yang diberikan berupa tes yang terdiri dari 5 soal uraian. Uji prasyarat yang digunakan adalah uji Liliefors untuk menguji normalitas data, sedangkan uji Fisher untuk menguji homogenitas data. Berdasarkan hasil uji normalitas diperoleh bahwa kedua populasi berditribusi normal. Sedangkan hasil uji homogenitas diperoleh bahwa kedua populasi homogen (sama). Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji regresi linier sederhana. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, nilai rata-rata pretest kelas eksperimen 48,03 dan nilai rata-rata pretest kelas kontrol 46,33. Sedangkan nilai rata-rata posttest kelas eksperimen 54,78 dan nilai rata-rata posttest kelas kontrol 50,47. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pembelajaran TPS terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa yang dapat dilihat dari hasil perhitungan uji regresi linier sederhana diperoleh rtabel = 0,329, sementara berdasarkan perhitungan yang telah dilakukan diperoleh rhitung = 0,71. Dari perhitungan terlihat bahwa rhitung > rtabel (0,71 > 0,329).
Empowering Small and Marginal Farmers: Unveiling the Potential and Addressing Obstacles of Farmer Producer Organizations in India
Authors: Malik Sushant , Kajale Dilip 
Published: March 2024

Farmers' organizations worldwide are essential, ensuring collective bargaining power, sustainable practices, and knowledge-sharing. This supports small farms in commercializing and meeting the growing global demand for better and more diverse food choices. India is also experiencing an increase in Farmer Producer Originations (FPOs), crucial in enhancing economic opportunities for small and marginal farmers. FPOs provide a host of services to members, like input supply, procurement, marketing, technical services, financial services, etc. The study delves into the existing literature and policy landscape surrounding FPOs and their role in the economic development of small and marginal farmers in India. This study also analyses the problems and obstacles concerning the growth of FPOs and provides a future direction. Twenty semi-structured interviews were conducted with leaders of the FPOs to understand the background, issues, future goals and member expectations. The results suggest that lack of working capital, poor management, absence of skilled professionals, and dependency on external agencies are the significant problems FPOs face; there is also a need for proactive government support. There needs to be more literature concerning the auxiliary services of FPOs. As the Indian government plans to add ten thousand FPOs in the next few years, the government needs to address the issues regarding lack of working capital, develop a comprehensive database of FPOs, establish performance metrics and determinants, provide management skill assistance, streamline licensing procedures, and foster social capital building initiatives. This research sheds light on the potential of FPOs to empower small and marginal farmers and suggests vital measures for the effective implementation and sustainable growth of these organizations.
REVIEW: PEMANFAATAN FERMENTASI TEPUNG TANAMAN AZOLLA (Azolla microphylla) TERHADAP PERFORMA PADA PAKAN UNGGAS
Authors: Achmadi Puspita Cahya , Rinca Korbinianus Feribertus , Bollyn Yohana Maria Febrizki , Luju Maria Tarsisia , Gultom Roselin 
Published: March 2024

Azolla microphylla merupakan tanaman paku air yang banyak ditemukan di atas permukaan air dan banyak ditemukan ditemukan pada lahan persawahan di Indonesia. Tanaman Azolla microphylla banyak dianggap sebagai gulma sehingga tidak dimanfaatkan secara maksimal dan Sebagian tanaman digunakan sebagai pupuk. Potensi produksi Azolla microphylla cukup baik dengan memiliki karakter pertumbuhan yang cepat. Pemanfaatan tepung Azolla microphylla tidak hanya sebagai pupuk, tetapi mulai dikembangkan sebagai salah satu sumber bahan pakan ternak, termasuk unggas. Azolla microphylla kaya dengan protein, serta mengandung asam amino. Analisis kimia Azolla microphylla 80,53%, protein kasar 24,06%, serat kasar 13,44%, lemak kasar 3,27%, abu 19,47%, BETN 37,71%. Azolla microphylla umumnya mengandung keterbatasan dalam protein dan memiliki serat kasar yang cukup tinggi sehingga memerlukan pengolahan teknologi yaitu fermentasi yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan daya cerna dan efisiensi pakan serta kadar air tinggi. Tanaman azolla dimanfaatakan sebagai salah satu terobosan bahan pakan yang digunakan bagi ternak unggas. Pemanfaatan tepung azolla terfermentasi sebanyak 5-10% memiliki manfaat terhadap performa produksi meliputi konsumsi, pertumbuhan bobot badan (PBB) dan konversi pakan pada ternak unggas broiler, petelur, dan itik.

Kata kunci: Azolla microphyla, manfaat, analisis kimia, ternak unggas
PENGARUH KONSUMSI TEPUNG GAMBIR (Uncaria gambir Roxb) DALAM AIR MINUM TERHADAP PERFORMA BROILER
Authors: Nilawati  , Sari Amir Yurni , Fati Nelzi 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh pemberian tepung gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb) melalui air minum terhadap performa broiler. Penelitian dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, setiap perlakuan terdiri dari 5 ekor broiler. Perlakuan A sebagai kontrol, perlakuan B penambahan 2,5 gram tepung gambir / liter air minum, penambahan 5 gram tepung gambir / liter air minum (C), penambahan 7,5 gram tepung gambir /liter air minum (D) dan penambahan 10 gram tepung gambir / air muinum (E). Variabel penelitian meliputi pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi ransum, konversi ransum dan persentase karkas broiler. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa suplementasi tepung gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb) sebanyak 5 gram dalam 1 liter air minum broiler berpengaruh signifikan terhadap konversi pakan dan pertambahan bobot yaitu terjadi peningkatan pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi pakan yang efisien, namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi pakan dan persentase karkas.

Kata kunci: Ayam Broiler, Performans,Tepung Gambir.
PERFORMA KUANTITATIF SAPI KRUI DI PETERNAKAN RAKYAT KECAMATAN PESISIR SELATAN KABUPATEN PESISIR BARAT PROVINSI LAMPUNG INDONESIA
Authors: Kurniawati Dian , Dakhlan Akhmad , Adhianto Kusuma , Rafian Teguh 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tampilan kuantitatif 24 ekor sapi Krui betina berusia 18 hingga 24 bulan di peternakan rakyat Kecamatan Pesisir Selatan, Kabupaten Pesisir Barat, Provinsi Lampung. Pengamatan dilakukan menggunakan metode survei dan pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Peubah yang diamati meliputi ukuran-ukuran tubuh, seperti berat badan (BB), panjang badan (PB), tinggi pundak (TP), tinggi pinggul (TPing), lebar dada (LebD), lingkar dada (LD), dalam dada (DD), lingkar pinggul (LP), lebar kepala (LK), dan panjang kepala (PK). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BB, PB, TP, TPing, LebD, LD, DD, LP, LK, dan PK sapi Krui betina berturut-turut adalah 154,23±65,70 kg, 110,64±9,36 cm, 103,72±24,28 cm, 103,43±5,57 cm, 24,86±5,15 cm, 120,80±11,2 cm, 47,67±5,33 cm, 132,73±17,27 cm, 41,00±5,00 cm, dan 17,64±1,36 cm. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa performa kuantitatif sapi Krui di Peternakan Rakyat Kecamatan Krui Selatan lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan performa kuantitatif sapi lokal lainnya (sapi Bali dan sapi Madura) di Indonesia

Kata kunci: Performa Kuantitatif, Kabupaten Pesisir Barat, Peternakan Rakyat, Sapi Krui
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VOCABULARY MASTERY AND GRAMMAR MANAGEMENT ON ENGLISH DESCRIPTION TEXT WRITING SKILLS
Authors: Kunah Kunah , Supriyani Supriyani 
Published: March 2024

This study is an attempt to determine the effect of vocabulary and grammar management on English description text writing skill at SMKN 1 Indramayu. This research is to answer the questions: 1) How are the students’ writing skills at SMKN 1 Indramayu? 2) How is the influence of students’ descriptive text writing skills at SMKN 1 Indramayu? 3) How effective is vocabulary to improve English description text writing skills at SMKN 1 Indramayu? 4)How effective is grammar management to improve English description text writing skills at SMKN 1 Indramayu? The method used is survey. The inference analysis used is descriptive correlational research and multiple linear regression. The population in this study was 266 and a sample 70 respondents were taken from grade XI. The results of this study are proven by the acquisition of Sig. = 0.000 <0.05 and F observe = 192,939. 2) There is a significant effect of vocabulary mastery on English descriptive text writing skills, this is proven by the acquisition of Sig. = 0.000 <0.05 and T observe = 10,831. 3) There is a significant effect of grammar mastery o English descriptive text writing skills, this is proven by the acquisition of Sig. 0.000 <0.05 and T observe = 6.984.
The Effect of Implementing the Sepsis Early Goal-Directed Therapy (EGDT) Protocol on Patient Mortality in the Hospital ICU in Cairo, Egypt
Authors: Gabbar Mohammed Abdel , Amr Hassan  
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Sepsis is a life-threatening systemic inflammatory syndrome with a high mortality rate. Early goal-directed therapy (EGDT) is a structured therapy protocol that aims to improve tissue perfusion and oxygenation in sepsis patients.
Methods: This retrospective observational study analyzed data on sepsis patients in the ICU of a Cairo hospital, Egypt (2020-2023). Patient mortality was compared before and after the implementation of the EGDT protocol.
Results: Of the 220 sepsis patients, 120 were treated before and 100 after EGDT implementation. Patient mortality in the EGDT group was significantly lower (12% vs 25%, p<0.05).
Conclusion: Implementation of the EGDT protocol can reduce the mortality of sepsis patients in the hospital ICU in Cairo, Egypt.
Penyesuaian Diri Siswa Di lihat Dari Perhatian Orang Tua Di SMP Negeri 2 Gorontalo
Authors: Sabu Fitri , Wantu Tuti , Usman Irvan 
Published: March 2024

Abstrak
Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah “ untuk mengetahui hubungan antara penyesuaian diri dengan perhatian orang tua di SMP Negeri 2 Kota Gorontalo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasi yang terdiri dari dua yaitu variabel X (perhatian orang tua) dan variabel Y (penyesuaian diri).
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode korelasional. Prosedur pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode skala yaitu menggunakan angket kuisoner yang berisi instrument peryataan untuk mengukur variabel dalam penelitian. Berdasarkan perhitungan yang telah dilakukan diperoleh nilai R = 0, 221. Nilai ini berarti sebesar 22,1 %. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat dilihat bahwa kadar dari intensitas perhatian orang tua yang djalankan memiliki peran yang signifikan dalam menumbuhkan penyesuaian diri pada siswa.
The Mass of the Large Magellanic Cloud from the Three-dimensional Kinematics of Its Globular Clusters
Authors: Watkins Laura L. , van der Marel Roeland P. , Bennet Paul 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We estimate the mass of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) using the kinematics of 30 LMC globular clusters (GCs). We combine proper motions measured with the Hubble Space Telescope, Gaia, or a combination of the two, from a recent study by Bennet et al. with literature line-of-sight velocities (LOSVs) to give three components of motion. With these, we derive a 3D velocity dispersion anisotropy

β
=
−

0.72

−
1.07

+
0.62

, consistent with the GCs forming a flattened system with significant azimuthal motion. We then apply a tracer mass estimator and measure an enclosed mass

M
(
<
13.2

kpc
)
=

2.66

−
0.36

+
0.42

×

10

10

M
⊙. This is broadly consistent with results from previous studies of the LOSVs of GCs and other luminous tracers. Assuming a cosmologically constrained Navarro–Frenk–White distribution for the dark matter, this implies a virial mass

M

virial

=

1.80

−
0.54

+
1.05

×

10

11

M
⊙. Despite being an extrapolation by almost an order of magnitude in radius, this result is consistent with published estimates from other methods that are directly sensitive to the LMC’s total mass. Our results support the conclusion that the LMC is approximately

17

−
6

+
10

% of the Milky Way’s mass, making it a significant contributor to the Local Group potential.
The Alpha-proton Differential Flow in the Alfvénic Young Solar Wind: from Sub-Alfvénic to Super-Alfvénic
Authors: Ran Hao , Liu Ying D. , Chen Chong , Mostafavi Parisa 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Data obtained from Parker Solar Probe (PSP) since 2021 April have shown the first in situ observation of the solar corona, where the solar wind is formed and accelerated. Here, we investigate the alpha-proton differential flow and its characteristics across the critical Alfvén surface (CAS) using data from PSP during encounters 8–10 and 12–13. We first show the positive correlation between the alpha-proton differential velocity and the bulk solar wind speed at PSP encounter distances. Then we explore how the characteristics of the differential flow vary across the CAS and how they are affected by Alfvénic fluctuations including switchbacks. We find that the differential velocity below the CAS is generally smaller than that above the CAS, and the local Alfvén speed well limits the differential speed both above and below the CAS. The deviations from the alignment between the differential velocity and the local magnetic field vector are accompanied by large-amplitude Alfvénic fluctuations and decreases in the differential speed. Moreover, we observe that V

α
p
increases from M

A
< 1 to M

A
≃ 2 and then starts to decrease, which suggests that alphas may remain preferentially accelerated well above the CAS. Our results also reveal that in the sub-Alfvénic solar wind both protons and alphas show a strong correlation between their velocity fluctuations and magnetic field fluctuations, with a weaker correlation for alphas. By contrast, in the super-Alfvénic regime the correlation remains high for protons, but is reduced for alphas.
The Effect of Ultraviolet Photon Pumping of H2 in Dust-deficient Protoplanetary Disks
Authors: Komaki Ayano , Kuiper Rolf , Yoshida Naoki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We perform radiation hydrodynamics simulations to study the structure and evolution of a photoevaporating protoplanetary disk. Ultraviolet and X-ray radiation from the host star heats the disk surface, where H2 pumping also operates efficiently. We run a set of simulations in which we varied the number of dust grains or the dust-to-gas mass ratio, which determines the relative importance between photoelectric heating and H2 pumping. We show that H2 pumping and X-ray heating contribute more strongly to the mass loss of the disk when the dust-to-gas mass ratio is

D
≤

10

−
3

. The disk mass-loss rate decreases with a lower dust amount, but remains around 10−10−11
M
⊙yr−1. In these dust-deficient disks, H2 pumping enhances photoevaporation from the inner disk region and shapes the disk mass-loss profile. We thus argue that the late-stage disk evolution is affected by the ultraviolet H2 pumping effect. The mass-loss rates derived from our simulations can be used in the study of long-term disk evolution.
On the Formation of Double Neutron Stars in the Milky Way: Influence of Key Parameters
Authors: Deng Zhu-Ling , Li Xiang-Dong , Shao Yong , Xu Kun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The detection of gravitational wave events has stimulated theoretical modeling of the formation and evolution of double compact objects (DCOs). However, even for the most studied isolated binary evolution channel, there exist large uncertainties in the input parameters and treatments of the binary evolution process. So far, double neutron stars (DNSs) are the only DCOs for which direct observations are available through traditional electromagnetic astronomy. In this work, we adopt a population synthesis method to investigate the formation and evolution of Galactic DNSs. We construct 324 models for the formation of Galactic DNSs, taking into account various possible combinations of critical input parameters and processes such as mass transfer efficiency, supernova type, common envelope efficiency, neutron star kick velocity, and pulsar selection effect. We employ Bayesian analysis to evaluate the adopted models by comparing with observations. We also compare the expected DNS merger rate in the galaxy with that inferred from the known Galactic population of pulsar-neutron star systems. Based on these analyses we derive the favorable range of the aforementioned key parameters.
Investigation of Nulling and Subpulse-drifting Properties of PSR J1649+2533 with FAST
Authors: Shang Lunhua , Xu Xin , Liu Yujia , Dang Shijun , Dong Aijun , Pang Lijun , Yu Yan , Li Qingying 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We report the nulling and subpulse-drifting properties of PSR J1649+2533 with observations of the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST). The FAST observations reveal that the nulling fraction of this pulsar is about 20.9% ± 0.8% at 1250 MHz. The statistical study of the durations of the nulling and burst states shows that the burst states can persist for extended pulse periods, exceeding 100 periods in some cases, while the shortest lasts only a few pulse periods. The null states have a much shorter duration, with a maximum duration of less than 30 pulse periods. A comparative study between the pulse profiles of the first active pulse (FAP) and the last active pulse (LAP) shows that the pulse profiles of LAPs are stronger and wider than those of FAPs. An analysis of the two-dimensional fluctuation spectrum for the single-pulse stack indicates that the pulsar exhibits clear amplitude modulation and subpulse drifting. The periods are a P
3 = 2.5 ± 0.1 spin period and P
2 = 17.°0 ± 0.°5 at 1250 MHz, respectively. In addition, the multiband investigation shows that P
2 seems to increase with the increase of the observing frequency, i.e., P
2 ∝ ν
0.8±0.1. This seems to be caused by the increasing pulse-profile width with the frequency. The high-sensitivity FAST observations will enable a detailed understanding of the emission of this pulsar and provide important clues for theoretical studies of the radiation mechanism.
One-dimensional Microphysics Model of Venusian Clouds from 40 to 100 km: Impact of the Middle-atmosphere Eddy Transport and SOIR Temperature Profile on the Cloud Structure
Authors: Karyu Hiroki , Kuroda Takeshi , Imamura Takeshi , Terada Naoki , Vandaele Ann Carine , Mahieux Arnaud , Viscardy Sébastien 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We conducted a simulation of H2SO4 vapor, H2O vapor, and H2SO4–H2O liquid aerosols from 40 to 100 km, using a 1D Venus cloud microphysics model based on the one detailed in Imamura & Hashimoto. The cloud distribution obtained is in good agreement with in situ observations by Pioneer Venus and remote-sensing observations from Venus Express (VEx). Case studies were conducted to investigate sensitivities to atmospheric parameters, including eddy diffusion and temperature profiles. We find that efficient eddy transport is important for determining upper haze population and its microphysical properties. Using the recently updated eddy diffusion coefficient profile by Mahieux et al., our model replicates the observed upper haze distribution. The H2O vapor distribution is highly sensitive to the eddy diffusion coefficient in the 60–70 km region. This indicates that updating the eddy diffusion coefficient is crucial for understanding the H2O vapor transport through the cloud layer. The H2SO4 vapor abundance varies by several orders of magnitude above 85 km, depending on the temperature profile. However, its maximum value aligns well with observational upper limits found by Sandor et al., pointing to potential sources other than H2SO4 aerosols in the upper haze layer that contribute to the SO2 inversion layer. The best-fit eddy diffusion profile is determined to be ∼2 m2 s−1 between 60 and 70 km and ∼360 m2 s−1 above 85 km. Furthermore, the observed increase of H2O vapor concentration above 85 km is reproduced by using the temperature profile from the VEx/SOIR instrument.