bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control of multiple-herbicide-resistant waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) with acetochlor-based herbicide mixtures in corn
Authors: Symington Hannah E. , Soltani Nader , Kaastra Allan C. , Hooker David C. , Robinson Darren E. , Sikkema Peter H. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Waterhemp is a summer annual, broadleaf weed with high fecundity, short seed longevity in the soil, and wide genetic diversity. Populations have evolved resistance to five herbicide modes of action (Groups 2, 5, 9, 14, and 27), which are present across southern Ontario; this has increased the challenge of controlling this competitive weed species in corn, the most important grain crop produced worldwide and the highest-value agronomic crop in Ontario. Acetochlor is a Group 15 soil-applied residual herbicide that has activity on many grass and broadleaf weeds but has yet to be registered in Canada. The objective of this study was to ascertain whether mixtures of acetochlor with flumetsulam, dicamba, atrazine, isoxaflutole/diflufenican, or mesotrione + atrazine applied preemergence would increase the control of multiple-herbicide-resistant (MHR) waterhemp in corn. Five field trials were conducted between 2022 and 2023. No corn injury was observed. Acetochlor applied alone controlled MHR waterhemp 97% 12 wk after application (WAA). All herbicide mixtures controlled MHR waterhemp similarly at ≥98% 12 WAA; there were no differences among herbicide mixtures. Flumetsulam, dicamba, and atrazine provided lower MHR waterhemp control than all other herbicide treatments and did not reduce density or biomass. Acetochlor reduced waterhemp density 98%, while the acetochlor mixtures reduced density similarly at 99% to 100%. This study concludes that the acetochlor mixtures evaluated provide excellent waterhemp control; however, control was not greater than acetochlor alone. Herbicide mixtures should be used as a best management practice to mitigate the evolution of herbicide resistance.
Molybdenum Isotope Fingerprinting of Microbial Sulfate Reduction in Seep Carbonate Rocks
Authors: Jia Zice , Hu Yu , Bayon Germain , Peckmann Jörn , Wang Xudong , Gong Shanggui , Li Jie , Roberts Harry H. , Chen Duofu , Feng Dong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the interaction between molybdenum (Mo) and organic matter during microbial sulfate reduction is critical for the use of Mo to reconstruct marine redox conditions throughout Earth's history. However, little is known about Mo isotope fractionation and how it relates to organic matter remineralization during microbial sulfate reduction. Here, we report Mo abundances and isotopic (δ98Mo) compositions for bulk‐rock, non‐lithogenic and sequentially extracted fractions, including carbonate (carb), pyrite, and organic matter (OM), of seep carbonate rocks. Our data indicate that the difference between δ98Mocarb and δ98MoOM (Δ98Mocarb‐OM) displays significant variability in the studied samples, ranging between 0.72 and 1.01‰. Remarkably, the obtained Δ98Mocarb‐OM values indicate correlative trends with stable carbon isotope ratios and bulk abundances of (a) total organic carbon, (b) Mo, and (c) pyrite in seep carbonates, which we interpret as reflecting sustained adsorption of isotopically light Mo onto organic matter during enhanced sulfate reduction. On this basis, we put forward the concept that Δ98Mocarb‐OM of authigenic carbonate rocks can be used as a measure of the intensity of sulfate reduction and for reconstructing past interactions between Mo and organic matter in marine sediments.
Whistler‐Mode Waves Inside Short Large‐Amplitude Magnetic Field Structures: Characteristics and Generation Mechanisms
Authors: Bai Shi‐Chen , Shi Quanqi , Shen Xiao‐Chen , Tian Anmin , Zhang Hui , Guo Ruilong , Wang Mengmeng , Degeling Alexander W. , Bu Yude , Zhang Shuai , Ma Xiao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractShort large‐amplitude magnetic structures (SLAMS) frequently appear near the bow shock. Inside steepening SLAMS, whistler‐mode waves are coherently generated at their leading edges. These waves are crucial for electron dynamics, energy conversion and magnetic reconnection near the shock. Nevertheless, the characteristics and generation of the whistler‐mode waves inside SLAMS are still unclear. In this study, we conducted a statistical analysis of whistler‐mode waves within SLAMS near the Earth's bow shock to investigate their properties and generation mechanisms. We found that these waves are mainly excited by electron temperature anisotropy with 99% of them falling below the nonlinear resonant threshold. The combination of a low background magnetic field and intense steepening at SLAMS' leading edge makes it the main source region of whistler‐mode waves and may induce the nonlinear resonance of whistler‐mode waves.
Enhanced Mineral Preservation Rather Than Microbial Residue Production Dictates the Accrual of Mineral‐Associated Organic Carbon Along a Weathering Gradient
Authors: Zhu Erxiong , Liu Zongguang , Ma Lixiao , Luo Jianing , Kang Enze , Wang Ya , Zhao Yunpeng , Jia Juan , Feng Xiaojuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMineral preservation and microbial residue production are vital for the accumulation of mineral‐associated organic carbon (MAOC) in soils. However, their relative importance and interactive effects remain unclear. Here MAOC content and composition are analyzed in tandem with soil mineral and microbial attributes along a weathering gradient on a volcanic soil sequence. We find that MAOC content increases with increasing mineral weathering states, accompanied by increasing microbial contribution to MAOC. Mineral attributes rather than microbial physiological traits are strongly related to MAOC contents, suggesting that weathering‐enhanced mineral preservation capacity overrides microbial residue production in governing MAOC accumulation by increasing reactive minerals. Furthermore, mineral attributes have a strong interactive effect with microbial traits on MAOC accumulation and composition, likely related to increasing fungal abundance in the microbial community with increasing weathering. These findings highlight that mineral weathering may effectively boost persistent SOC in synergy with microbial conversion in the long term.
Academic performance in moderately and late preterm children in the United States: are they catching up?
Authors: Lock Nicole E. , DeBoer Mark D. , Scharf Rebecca J. , Miller Sarah E. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
To determine whether preterm birth of 32–36 6/7 weeks gestation affected school performance from kindergarten through fifth grade.

Study design
We assessed 14350 term infants and 1195 32–36 6/7 weeks gestation infants followed in the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Kindergarten 2011 cohort for classroom performance in kindergarten-fifth grade. Multivariable regression was performed for comparisons, and data were weighted to be representative of the US population.

Results
Children born 35–36 6/7 weeks gestation had no significant difference in their academic scores or performance, while 32–34 6/7 weeks’ children had lower academic scores and teacher performance scores when compared to term children. Children born between 32 and 36 6/7 weeks gestation had higher odds of individualized education plan needs and had learning disability diagnoses compared to term children.

Conclusions
Children born between 32 and 34 6/7 weeks gestation have poor school performance compared to term children. Children born between 32 and 36 6/7 weeks gestation are at risk for learning disabilities and likely benefit from continued support and services to improve achievement throughout school.
The impact of adult neurogenesis on affective functions: of mice and men
Authors: Alonso Mariana , Petit Anne-Cécile , Lledo Pierre-Marie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn most mammals, new neurons are not only produced during embryogenesis but also after birth. Soon after adult neurogenesis was discovered, the influence of recruiting new neurons on cognitive functions, especially on memory, was documented. Likewise, the late process of neuronal production also contributes to affective functions, but this outcome was recognized with more difficulty. This review covers hypes and hopes of discovering the influence of newly-generated neurons on brain circuits devoted to affective functions. If the possibility of integrating new neurons into the adult brain is a commonly accepted faculty in the realm of mammals, the reluctance is strong when it comes to translating this concept to humans. Compiling data suggest now that new neurons are derived not only from stem cells, but also from a population of neuroblasts displaying a protracted maturation and ready to be engaged in adult brain circuits, under specific signals. Here, we discuss the significance of recruiting new neurons in the adult brain circuits, specifically in the context of affective outcomes. We also discuss the fact that adult neurogenesis could be the ultimate cellular process that integrates elements from both the internal and external environment to adjust brain functions. While we must be critical and beware of the unreal promises that Science could generate sometimes, it is important to continue exploring the potential of neural recruitment in adult primates. Reporting adult neurogenesis in humankind contributes to a new vision of humans as mammals whose brain continues to develop throughout life. This peculiar faculty could one day become the target of treatment for mental health, cognitive disorders, and elderly-associated diseases. The vision of an adult brain which never stops integrating new neurons is a real game changer for designing new therapeutic interventions to treat mental disorders associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and social costs.
The congenital hearing phenotype in GJB2 in Queensland, Australia: V37I and mild hearing loss predominates
Authors: Kriukelis Rebecca , Gabbett Michael T. , Beswick Rachael , McInerney-Leo Aideen M. , Driscoll Carlie , Liddle Karen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

GJB2 was originally identified in severe, non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), but was subsequently associated with mild and moderate SNHL. Given the increasing utilisation of genetic testing pre-conceptually, prenatally, and neonatally, it is crucial to understand genotype-phenotype correlations. This study evaluated the nature and frequency of GJB2 variants in an Australian paediatric population with varying degrees of SNHL ascertained through newborn hearing screening. Audiograms from individuals with GJB2 variants and/or a GJB6 deletion (GJB6-D13S11830) were retrospectively reviewed (n = 127). Two-thirds were biallelic (homozygous/compound heterozygous) for pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants of GJB2 and/or GJB6 (n = 80). The most frequent variant was c.109 G > A, followed by c.35delG and c.101 T > C. Compared to biallelic carriage of other GJB2 variants, c.109 G > A positive individuals (homozygous/compound heterozygous) were more likely to have mild HL at their initial and latest audiograms (p = 0.0004). Biallelic carriage of c.35delG was associated with moderately-severe or greater SNHL at both initial and latest audiograms (p = 0.007). The c.101 T > C variant presented with milder SNHL and U-shaped audiograms (p = 0.02). In this agnostically identified cohort, mild SNHL predominated in GJB2/GJB6 carriers in contrast to previous studies targeting individuals with significant loss. Consequently, c.109 G > A, associated with milder phenotypes, was the most frequent. This study provides valuable data to support prognostic confidence in genetic counselling.
Competence for neural crest induction is controlled by hydrostatic pressure through Yap
Authors: Alasaadi Delan N. , Alvizi Lucas , Hartmann Jonas , Stillman Namid , Moghe Prachiti , Hiiragi Takashi , Mayor Roberto 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEmbryonic induction is a key mechanism in development that corresponds to an interaction between a signalling and a responding tissue, causing a change in the direction of differentiation by the responding tissue. Considerable progress has been achieved in identifying inductive signals, yet how tissues control their responsiveness to these signals, known as competence, remains poorly understood. While the role of molecular signals in competence has been studied, how tissue mechanics influence competence remains unexplored. Here we investigate the role of hydrostatic pressure in controlling competence in neural crest cells, an embryonic cell population. We show that neural crest competence decreases concomitantly with an increase in the hydrostatic pressure of the blastocoel, an embryonic cavity in contact with the prospective neural crest. By manipulating hydrostatic pressure in vivo, we show that this increase leads to the inhibition of Yap signalling and impairs Wnt activation in the responding tissue, which would be required for neural crest induction. We further show that hydrostatic pressure controls neural crest induction in amphibian and mouse embryos and in human cells, suggesting a conserved mechanism across vertebrates. Our work sets out how tissue mechanics can interplay with signalling pathways to regulate embryonic competence.
Local origin of excitatory–inhibitory tuning equivalence in a cortical network
Authors: Duszkiewicz Adrian J. , Orhan Pierre , Skromne Carrasco Sofia , Brown Eleanor H. , Owczarek Eliott , Vite Gilberto R. , Wood Emma R. , Peyrache Adrien 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe interplay between excitation and inhibition determines the fidelity of cortical representations. The receptive fields of excitatory neurons are often finely tuned to encoded features, but the principles governing the tuning of inhibitory neurons remain elusive. In this study, we recorded populations of neurons in the mouse postsubiculum (PoSub), where the majority of excitatory neurons are head-direction (HD) cells. We show that the tuning of fast-spiking (FS) cells, the largest class of cortical inhibitory neurons, was broad and frequently radially symmetrical. By decomposing tuning curves using the Fourier transform, we identified an equivalence in tuning between PoSub-FS and PoSub-HD cell populations. Furthermore, recordings, optogenetic manipulations of upstream thalamic populations and computational modeling provide evidence that the tuning of PoSub-FS cells has a local origin. These findings support the notion that the equivalence of neuronal tuning between excitatory and inhibitory cell populations is an intrinsic property of local cortical networks.
The dynamic state of a prefrontal–hypothalamic–midbrain circuit commands behavioral transitions
Authors: Chen Changwan , Altafi Mahsa , Corbu Mihaela-Anca , Trenk Aleksandra , van den Munkhof Hanna , Weineck Kristin , Bender Franziska , Carus-Cadavieco Marta , Bakhareva Alisa , Korotkova Tatiana , Ponomarenko Alexey 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInnate behaviors meet multiple needs adaptively and in a serial order, suggesting the existence of a hitherto elusive brain dynamics that brings together representations of upcoming behaviors during their selection. Here we show that during behavioral transitions, possible upcoming behaviors are encoded by specific signatures of neuronal populations in the lateral hypothalamus (LH) that are active near beta oscillation peaks. Optogenetic recruitment of intrahypothalamic inhibition at this phase eliminates behavioral transitions. We show that transitions are elicited by beta-rhythmic inputs from the prefrontal cortex that spontaneously synchronize with LH ‘transition cells’ encoding multiple behaviors. Downstream of the LH, dopamine neurons increase firing during beta oscillations and also encode behavioral transitions. Thus, a hypothalamic transition state signals alternative future behaviors, encodes the one most likely to be selected and enables rapid coordination with cognitive and reward-processing circuitries, commanding adaptive social contact and eating behaviors.
Exploring urban land surface temperature using spatial modelling techniques: a case study of Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia
Authors: Eshetie Seyoum Melese 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUrban areas worldwide are experiencing escalating temperatures due to the combined effects of climate change and urbanization, leading to a phenomenon known as urban overheating. Understanding the spatial distribution of land surface temperature (LST) and its driving factors is crucial for mitigation and adaptation of urban overheating. So far, there has been an absence of investigations into spatiotemporal patterns and explanatory factors of LST in the city of Addis Ababa. The study aims to determine the spatial patterns of land surface temperature, analyze how the relationships between LST and its factors vary across space, and compare the effectiveness of using ordinary least squares and geographically weighted regression to model these connections. The findings showed that the spatial patterns of LST show statistically significant hot spot zones in the north-central parts of the study area (Moran’s I = 0.172). The relationship between LST and its explanatory variables were modelled using ordinary least square model and thereby tested if there is spatial dependence in the model using the Koenker (BP) Statistic.The result revealed non-stationarity (p = 0.000) and consequently geographically weighted regression was employed to compare the performance with OLS. The research has revealed that, GWR (R2 = 0.57, AIC = 1052.1) is more effective technique than OLS (R2 = 0.42, AIC = 2162.0) for studying the relationship LST and the selected explanatory variables. The use of GWR has improved the accuracy of the model by capturing the spatial heterogeneity in the relationship between land surface temperature and its explanatory variables. The relationship between LST and its explanatory variables were modelled using ordinary least square model and thereby tested if there is spatial dependence in the model using the Koenker (BP) Statistic. The result revealed non-stationarity ((p = 0.000) and consequently geographically weighted regression was employed to compare the performance with OLS. The research has revealed that, GWR (R2 = 0.57, AIC = 1052.1) is more effective technique than OLS (R2 = 0.42, AIC = 2162.0) for studying the relationship LST and the selected explanatory variables. The use of GWR has improved the accuracy of the model by capturing the spatial heterogeneity in the relationship between land surface temperature and its explanatory variables. Consequently, Localized understanding of the spatial patterns and the driving factors of LST has been formulated.
New coordinated drive mode switching strategy for distributed drive electric vehicles with energy storage system
Authors: Oubelaid Adel , Kakouche Khoudir , Belkhier Youcef , Khosravi Nima , Taib Nabil , Rekioua Toufik , Bajaj Mohit , Rekioua Djamila , Tuka Milkias Berhanu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHigh performance and comfort are key features recommended in hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) design. In this paper, a new coordination strategy is proposed to solve the issue of undesired torque jerks and large power ripples noticed respectively during drive mode commutations and power sources switching. The proposed coordinated switching strategy uses stair-based transition function to perform drive mode commutations and power source switching’s within defined transition periods fitting the transient dynamics of power sources and traction machines. The proposed technique is applied on a battery/ supercapacitor electric vehicle whose traction is ensured by two permanent magnet synchronous machines controlled using direct torque control and linked to HEV front and rear wheels. Simulation results highlight that the proposed coordinated switching strategy has a noteworthy positive impact on enhancing HEV transient performance as DC bus fluctuations were reduced to a narrow band of 6 V and transient torque ripples were almost suppressed.
An adenosine derivative promotes mitochondrial supercomplexes reorganization and restoration of mitochondria structure and bioenergetics in a diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma model
Authors: García-Carrillo Rosendo , Molina-Pelayo Francisco A. , Zarate-Lopez David , Cabrera-Aguilar Alejandro , Ortega-Domínguez Bibiana , Domínguez-López Mariana , Chiquete-Félix Natalia , Dagnino-Acosta Adan , Velasco-Loyden Gabriela , Chávez Enrique , Castro-Sánchez Luis , de Sánchez Victoria Chagoya 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression is associated with dysfunctional mitochondria and bioenergetics impairment. However, no data about the relationship between mitochondrial supercomplexes (hmwSC) formation and ATP production rates in HCC are available. Our group has developed an adenosine derivative, IFC-305, which improves mitochondrial function, and it has been proposed as a therapeutic candidate for HCC. We aimed to determine the role of IFC-305 on both mitochondrial structure and bioenergetics in a sequential cirrhosis-HCC model in rats. Our results showed that IFC-305 administration decreased the number and size of liver tumors, reduced the expression of tumoral markers, and reestablished the typical architecture of the hepatic parenchyma. The livers of treated rats showed a reduction of mitochondria number, recovery of the mtDNA/nDNA ratio, and mitochondrial length. Also, IFC-305 increased cardiolipin and phosphatidylcholine levels and promoted hmwSC reorganization with changes in the expression levels of hmwSC assembly-related genes. IFC-305 in HCC modified the expression of several genes encoding elements of electron transport chain complexes and increased the ATP levels by recovering the complex I, III, and V activity. We propose that IFC-305 restores the mitochondrial bioenergetics in HCC by normalizing the quantity, morphology, and function of mitochondria, possibly as part of its hepatic restorative effect.