bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urinary tract infections in newborns
Authors: Bilgili Gökmen , Yüksel Mehmet Bilgehan 
Published: February 2025

The incidence of neonatal urinary tract infection (UTI) varies from 0.1 to 1% of all infants, and its frequency is inversely proportional to birth weight [1]. Neonatal UTI presents different features than those observed in other age groups for several reasons, including higher prevalence, male sex predominance, and most importantly higher risk of urosepsis [2]. As the symptoms of a UTI in a neonate, such as irritability, poor feeding and vomiting are generalized, the clinician should have a high index of suspicion. The best correlates of infection in infants with UTI were found to be a body temperature greater than 38o C and uncircumcised males [3]. Escherichia coli is the most likely pathogen, but Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp., Enterococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Candida spp. and coagulase-negative staphylococci have to be considered in nosocomial UTI as well [1-3]. A positive blood culture is reported in 12.4% of cases, and nosocomial UTI is nearly twice likely to result in urosepsis compared with community-acquired UTI [2]. Bladder puncture or transurethral catheter is recommended for urine sampling in neonates to avoid urinary contamination. Parenteral antibiotic regimen, including a combination of a third-generation cephalosporin or aminoglycoside with ampicillin for a total of 7-14 days should be commenced urgently in the suspicion of pyelonephritis following urine sampling for culture. Vancomycin and an aminoglycoside should be considered for nosocomial UTI. In the light of the results of sensitivity testing, a single-antibiotic coverage, if possible, should be considered [1-3]. The presence of high-grade reflux, severe urinary obstruction, and recurrent pyelonephritis mandates antibacterial prophylaxis, however its efficiency has not yet been proven [2]. Radiological studies have to be undertaken once a diagnosis of UTI has been made. An abnormal renal ultrasound is reported in around one third of cases, and vesicoureteral reflux is observed in nearly one fourth during voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG).
The urine should be sterile while performing a VCUG [2, 3]. Gram-negative antibiotic resistance is emerging worldwide and outbreaks have occurred in neonatal units due to multi-resistant gram-negative bacteria [4]. To overcome this problem in the case of a UTI, urine cultures should be appropriately obtained, and the treatment should be tailored based on sensitivity results; antibiotic prophylaxis should be spared to aforementioned high-risk groups, while emphasizing the importance of compliance; and pediatric-specific antibiograms should be used [5].
Finally, evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and management of UTI in febrile infants aged less than 2 months are lacking, and urgently required [2].
The contribution to studies of the effect of β-glucan on plasma viscosity in a rat sepsis model
Authors: Ercan Meltem , Ozdemir Semra 
Published: February 2025

Objective: Sepsis is a complex pathophysiological process that involves both alterations in the microcirculation and changes in the biochemical and physiological characteristics of the blood constituents and hyperdynamic syndrome characterized by maldistribution of blood flow. Plasma viscosity is a major determinant of capillary blood flow through the microcirculation. β-glucan is accepted to be one of the most powerful immune response modifiers. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effect of β-glucan on the levels of plasma viscosity and malondialdehyde (MDA), after rats was exposed to sepsis.
Methods: Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) in 14 male Wistar albino rat. To evaluate this, rats were divided into four groups as sham operated, β-glucan treated sham operated, CLP and β-glucan treated CLP. Sixteen hours after operation, rats were decapitated and MDA, plasma viscosity levels were measured.
Results: Plasma viscosity represented, 1.30±0.12 mPa.s in CLP group and 1.35±0.09 mPa.s in CLP+β-glucan group. In the CLP group, MDA levels were found to be higher than in control group. When CLP group compared with CLP+β-glucan group, no significant statistical differences were observed in the levels of plasma viscosity and MDA.
Conclusion: Our results seem that the given dose of β-glucan was probably insufficient to prevent sepsis induced plasma viscosity.
Lead analysis of air pollution in Istanbul utilizing by the vehicle cabin air filters
Authors: Alkan Fatma Ateş , Korpinar Mehmet 
Published: February 2025

Objective: Lead that are common in nature and widely consumed through industry and transportation are leading metals that cause toxicity in humans and other living organisms. The cabin air filters are made out of paper with many layers having the ability to capture particles with nearly one micron size or higher. Aim of this study is to search the trace element pollution in the air, in different regions by analyzing lead concentration in cabin filters of 10 different vehicle marks, obtained from various auto services in the city of Istanbul-Turkey.
Methods: All collected filters were initially resolved in the HCl and HNO3 mixture. Lead levels that had been adsorbed in filters were measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Results of the study were further analyzed by region where the sample air filters were originally collected.
Results: According to our findings, it has been observed that lead levels in 5th region are maximum compared to the other regions of Istanbul-Turkey.
Conclusion: This fact concludes that the used vehicle cabin air filters are one of the best sources to get information about air quality and pollution levels. The results of this research exemplifies and concludes that utilizing replaced cabin filters is an efficient and effective method to measure heavy metals pollution in big cities such as Istanbul, Turkey.
Keywords: Heavy Metals, Cabin air filters, Lead (Pb), air pollution Istanbul-Turkey
Transient ischemic attack after Mesobuthus gibbosus envenomation
Authors: Golcuk Yalcin , Ozsarac Murat , Bilge Adnan , Golcuk Burcu , Cinar Bilge Piri , Hayran Mustafa 
Published: February 2025

Endometriosis Mesobuthus gibbosus is a medically important venomous scorpion in western of Turkey which causes significant morbidity. Envenoming of this species scorpion results with varying degrees of local symptoms and clinically important systemic effects. This case describes an authenticated first case of transient ischemic attack in a 68 year-old-woman following envenoming by M. gibbosus in Turkey.
The relation of Hereditery Multiple Exostoses and trace elements
Authors: Alkan Fatma Ates , Ergun Dilek , Ozbosaci Nural , Tarhan Duygu , Kurt Bahar Ozturk , Babacan Muharrem , Barutcu Umit 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Hereditery multiple exostoses (HME) is a rarely autosomal dominant bone tumoral disorder; which is characterized by abnormal ossification especially at long bones. The common symptoms are bone pain, joint movement limitation, malign degeneration, vessel and neuron impression and asymmetry of extremities.
Material and Methods: A 26-year-old male patient (weight 60 kg, height 170 cm) who admitted to Department of Orthopedics Out-patient Clinic at Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty in July 2013 had been suffering from bone pain and prominences in different parts of his body for 20 years. Other individuals diagnosed with HME were reported in his family history. The association of a group of trace elements of the patient was analysed at the Department of Biophysics.
Conclusion: Until this time there have been no investigation about the association of HME and trace elements. The level of trace elements that play crucial roles in all systems especially bone and renal metabolism should be kept in mind in evaluation of HME patients. For this purpose, familial and environmental trace element level determination would be one of our projects in this study.
Element intoxication by marine food
Authors: Alkan Fatma , Koksal Mehmet Ethem , Ergun Dilek , Karis Denizhan , Ozsobaci Nural Pastaci , Barutcu Umit Bora 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Pollution is a deformation of the natural condition of the earth with physical, chemical, and biological factors. Environmental pollution suppresses life balance and has a negative effect on living and the ecosystem with its effects on the food chain. Toxic metal pollution easily enters to the food chain and accumulates in the living body. Marine species are intensely exposed to toxic metals, because of its habitats and feeding habits, and metals accumulate in their body.
Case: A 56-year-old obese male patient attended to Ortakent-Yahsi Family Health Center (Bodrum, Mugla, Turkey) with the symptoms of palpitation, constipation, long-term muscle contraction in January 2014. VEGA test resulted in toxic load accumulation. The pre-treatment and inter-treatment blood / serum levels of a group of trace / toxic elements were measured with Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP - OES) at Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Biophysics Department. Neural therapy and chelation therapy were initiated to the patient by his doctor at Yahsi Family Health Center in February 2014.
Conclusion: There is limited data related with the trace / toxic contamination of marine food in humans. The evaluation of trace and toxic elements might have significant value in diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of the individuals in contaminated environment and especially in seafood consumers.
A case of intracranial migration and rapid spontaneous resolution of traumatic acute subdural hematoma
Authors: Yuksel Melih , Saglam Caner , Goktekin Mehmet , Tas Mahmut , Mesut Abdullah 
Published: February 2025

Traumatic acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) is one of the most destructive forms of traumatic brain injury (TBI), involving estimated mortality rates of 40-60% . Traumatic ASDH is a frequently seen life-threatening condition requiring emergency intervention. Spontaneous resolution and migration of ASDH are both rare entities, the causes of which are still not fully understood. The few existing cases in the literature of both rapid spontaneous resolution of SDH and of subdural migration are generally in the form of case reports. Publications concerning migration of SDH mainly involve migration to the lumbar region. We encountered no previous reports of intracranial migration of ASDH accompanied by rapid spontaneous resolution.
This report describes a case of intracranial migration and spontaneous resolution within 24 h in a 61-year-old male patient with traumatic Traumatic acute subdural hematoma (ASDH), together with a discussion of the relevant mechanisms.
Study of Matrix Gla Protein G-7A and T-138C Gene Polymorphisms in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Yukcu Fulya , Sipahi Tammam , Guldiken Sibel , Huseyin Serhat , Bilir Betul Ekiz 
Published: February 2025

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for aortic calcifications and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Matrix Gla proteins (MGP) have a significant role in control of the process of calcification. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of MGP G-7A and T-138C gene polymorphisms in development of aortic calcification and CVD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Material and Methods: The study included 120 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 134 control group. The MGP G-7A and T-138C gene polymorphisms were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods.
Results: The G-7A genotype distribution in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus AA=10.8%, GA=41.7% and GG=47.5% did not significantly differ from those in control group AA=15.7%, GA=48.5% and GG=35.8% (P=0.146). The T-138C genotype distribution in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus CC=8.4%, CT=40.8% and TT=50.8% were also not significantly different from those in control group CC=3.7%, CT=39.6% and TT=56.7% (P=0.259). On the other hand; age, fasting blood glucose (FBG), cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as expected were significantly differed between the patient-control groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: This patient-control study show that G-7A and T-138C gene polymorphisms of MGP are not genetic risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
An unusual reason of abdominal pain: A case of Rapunzel's syndrome and literature review
Authors: Sarsu Sevgi Buyukbese , Kapur Ali 
Published: February 2025

Bezoar is defined as a mass formed as a consequence of the accumulation of indigestible foreign substances within the gastric outlet or small bowels with resultant dysfunctional gastric emptying Gastric bezoar extending into the small or large bowel and causing a clinical condition called Rapunzel syndrome This rare pediatric condition is observed in young girls with psychiatric problems such as trichotilomania, who frequently feel an irresistable desire to pluck out, and swallow their hairs. A 12-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital with complaints of abdominal pain, growth retardation, and partial hair loss. Endoscopic examination revealed the presence of gastroduodenale trichobezoar, and her giant trichobezoar was extracted using conventional laparotomy, and anterior gastrostomy. With this case representation we reported a case with Rapunzel Syndrome in the light of literature data.
Relation of atherosclerosis risk factors with the number of involved coronary arteries in angiography
Authors: Golmohammadi Ali , Sadeghi Mohammadreza Taban , Bakhshayeshi Mina , Namdar Hossein , Separham Ahmad 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Coronary artery disease is the first leading cause of mortality in modern societies and formed the first cause of health expenditure. Male gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, family history of ischemic heart disease, personal history of ischemic heart disease, age, height, weight and smoking are the main risk factors for atherosclerosis and coronary artery diseases. Despite the abundant existing information about relation of these risk factors and atherosclerosis, there are different results regarding the relationship between these risk factors and the number of involved coronary arteries. The aim of this study is to determine the relation of these risk factors of coronary atherosclerosis with the number of involved coronary artery in angiography.
Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 300 patients during 8 months in ShahidMadani heart hospital were carried out as convenience sampling. Data was collected by questionnaire including age, sex, weight, height and body mass index, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, family history of coronary heart disease, smoking, drug addiction, occupation, place of residence and education were studied. Number of coronary arteries stenosis revealed by angiography. Data were analysed by software 17SPSS, Chi-square test, T test and ANOVA.
Results: A total of 300 patients with a mean age of 63.3±11.2 year were enrolled. Collected data showed that 71% were male, 33.3% smokers, 57.3% hypertensive, 30% diabetic, 27.7% with hyperlipidaemia, 70.34% obese and 14% with a family history of heart disease. Frequency of one, two and three vessel involvement was respectively 30%, 32% and 38%. There was a statistically significant relationship between ages, history of ischemic heart disease with the number of involved coronary artery. But there was no significant relationship with gender, body mass index, smoking and drug addiction, hypertension, family history of heart disease, location and education level with number of involved coronary artery.
Conclusions: Our study showed that despite the known role of conventional risk factors with the incidence and growth rate of atherosclerosis, but there is no direct correlation with some of these risk factors and the number of involved coronary arteries in coronary angiography
Does 18F FDG PET/CT paramaters predict histopathologic response to the neoadjuvant therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer?
Authors: Yersal Ozlem , Cengiz Arzu , Cokpinar Salih , Cetin Nesibe Kahraman , Meydan Nezih , Barutca Sabri , Sen Serdar 
Published: February 2025

Objective: Progression-free and overall survival are better correlated with metabolically active tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG), as compared to the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in NSCLC patients. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the correlation between the PET-CT parameters and histopathologic tumor regression score in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients after treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.(1)
Methods: This retrospective study evaluated stage III lung cancer patients who were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical resection at a single institution between 2014 and 2018. The 3-dimensional volumes of interest were drawn in primary tumor and largest lymph node on the pretreatment examination and corresponding location on the post-treatment examination to obtain a pre- and post-treatment SUVmax, SUVmean, MTV and TLG. All hematoxylin- and eosin-stained surgery specimens were assessed based on a 4-tiered scale.
Results: Patients who had lower than 10% histologic response established higher values of SUVmax, in tumor as compared to good responders in basal PET CT assessment (p:0.014). Patients who established higher than 10% pathologic response showed higher reduction rates in terms of SUVmax (p:0.002), mean tumor volume (p:0.024), and total lesion glycolysis (p:0.009). The overall survival for patients with <10% histologic response was 15.26 months while the patients with good histologic response had 35.36 months and the difference was statistical significance (p<0.001). Due to univariate analysis, the higher SUVmax, TLG and MTV reduction have been found in association with better overall survival.
Conclusion: PET CT parameters may be useful to predict histopathologic response for NSCLC patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Correlation of dyspeptic symptoms and endoscopic findings in diabetic patient
Authors: Ramazan Ilyas Oner  , Melih Karincaoglu  
Published: February 2025

Objective: We aimed to demonstrate the relationship between the endoscopically increased mucosal damage and the frequency of dyspeptic symptoms in patients with diabetes.
Material and Methods: The 42 diabetic patients with dyspeptic complain and 40 healthy dyspeptic people were involved in this study and evaluated with video endoscopes. Diabetic patients when compared with the control group according to the endoscopic evaluation and Glasgow Dyspepsia Symptom Scoring System no significant difference had been detected.
Results: The symptoms of the diabetic group and the control group were familiar and there was no significant difference between the frequencies of the symptoms in both groups. In dyspeptic diabetic patients a weak correlation between BMI and endoscopically detected hiatal hernia was reported. However there was no relation between BMI and the other gastrointestinal symptoms. Also there was no difference between the patients with neuropathy and without neuropathy in terms of endoscopic findings and gastrointestinal symptoms.
Conclusion: Endoscopic findings of diabetic patient and non-diabetic control group were compared statistically. Although gastric ulcus was significantly higher in diabetic group, there was no significant difference between two groups in terms of other endoscopic findings. Hovewer, gastric ulcus frequency in diabetic group is higher, there were no significant difference in terms of gastrointestinal symptoms, diabetic complications and glisemic control in patients with other endoscopic lesions when compared with the patients with gastric ulcus. Hiatal hernia frequency in diabetic patients was higher due to control group. In shed light on our findings, diabetic patients must be evaluated for the esophageal reflux symptoms.
Stereotactic radiotherapy for patients with metallic implants on vertebral body: A dosimetric comparison
Authors: Yasemin Guzle Adas  , Omer Yazici  , Esra Kekilli  , Ferat Kiran  
Published: February 2025

Objective: Metallic implants have impacts on dose distribution of radiotherapy. Our purpose is evaluating impact of metallic implants with different dose calculation algorithms on dose distribution.
Material and Methods: Two patients with metallic implants on vertebral body were included in this study. They were treated with stereotactic radiotherapy. The data of the patients were retrospectively re-calculated with different TPSs and calculation algorithms. Ray-Tracing (Ry-Tc), Monte-Carlo (MC), Acuros XB (AXB) and analytical anisotropic algorithms (AAA) were compared.
Results: Ry-Tc, AAA and AXB underestimated minimum and maximum doses of target volumes and critical organs compared with MC.
Conclusion: MC seems more reliable for dose calculations in patients with metallic implants but more studies with more number of patients should be done to identify the best dose calculation algorithm for patients with metallic implants.
Effect of Breathing Exercises on Fatigue Dimensions in Patients with COPD
Authors: Ghanbari Atefeh , Shirmohamadi Nasim , Paryad Ezzat , Bazghale Milad , Mohammadpourhodki Reza 
Published: February 2025

Objective: Fatigue is known as an important and multidimensional symptom in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) is one of the effective ways to reduce fatigue and improve the quality of life in patients with COPD. However, equal recovery to all dimensions of fatigue is unclear after the rehabilitation program. This study aims to determine the effect of breathing exercises on the fatigue dimensions in patients with COPD
Method: This study aimed to determine the effect of breathing exercises on fatigue dimensions in patients with COPD. The population in this clinical-trial research included 70 COPD patients who had been hospitalized in the Thorax Ward of Razi Hospital in Rasht. The samples were divided into two groups of 35 subjects, by which the control group was tried to be in a separate room from the experimental group. The experimental group participated in the breathing exercises program where the patients were asked to perform their respiratory exercises 4 times a day for 10 days. The control group received the routine care. Dimensions of fatigue (physical, general, mental, reduced activity, and reduced motivation) were measured and compared in both groups. SPSS (version 21) was used to analyze the data and descriptive and inferential tests were used.
Results: There were significant statistical improvements in mean score of fatigue dimensions after breathing exercises, general fatigue (p=0.0001), physical exhaustion (p=0.0001), reduced activity (p=0.0001) and reduced motivation (p=0.0001), but there was no significant difference in mental fatigue. Predictors of changes in total fatigue score, breathing exercises (p<0.0001) and Salbutamol spray (p<0.013) were considered as two factors affecting fatigue score changes in multiple analysis.
Conclusion: According to the obtained findings, breathing exercises are effective in many dimensions of fatigue as a non-pharmacological, low-cost, and safe method in care-and-treatment process in patients with COPD, but their effect on mental fatigue, as an important dimension, requires different plans and designs in doing breathing exercises