bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anticytoskeletal autoantibodies in the connective tissue diseases
Authors: Senécal Jean‐Luc , Oliver Janet M. , Rothfield Naomi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe sera of 103 patients with connective tissue diseases were studied for the presence of anticytoskeletal antibodies by using an indirect immunofluorescence method. PTK2 cells fixed with paraformaldehyde and digitonin were used as substrate. Antibodies to intermediate filaments were detected in sera of 85.7% of polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM), 62.8% of systemic sclerosis, 54.5% of rheumatoid arthritis, and 37.5% of systemic lupus erythematosus patients, and in 42.5% of normal sera. High titers of these antibodies, which were IgM, were present in 30% of patients' and 5% of normal sera. Antibodies to microfilaments were present in 11.6% of patients' sera and absent in all control sera. These antibodies were IgM or IgG. The switch from an IgM to an IgG antibody was observed in 1 patient. An IgG antibody to the spindle poles and midbody of mitotic cells was present in the serum of 1 patient with the CREST syndrome (calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, telangiectasias). Antibodies to intermediate filaments and to microfilaments occur commonly in the connective tissue diseases, particularly in PM/DM, and are not detected with substrates or fixation methods used in routine antinuclear antibody testing.
The leukergy test in rheumatic diseases. New implications for an old test
Authors: Berliner Shlomo , Abramovitz Moshe , Kariv Naam , Weinberger Abraham , Yaron Michael , Lavie Gad , Pinkhas Jacob , Aronson Moshe 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn order to assess the value of the leukergy test in which leukocytes aggregate in citrated whole blood, we examined 65 patients with various rheumatic conditions. In addition, plasma samples from 40 patients were examined for neutrophil aggregation activity in vitro. Results of the leukergy test were found to be in very good correlation with disease activity (P = 0.0001), whereas no increased neutrophil aggregation activity was found in the 40 plasma samples examined. The value of the leukergy test in assessing patients with rheumatic disease and its theoretical etiopathogenic role in these diseases are discussed.
Intraarticular variation in synovitis. Local macroscopic and microscopic signs of inflammatory activity are significantly correlated
Authors: Lindblad Staffan , Hedfors Eva 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMultiple biopsy specimens from various parts of the synovial membrane were sampled under direct vision during arthroscopic surveying of the inflamed knee joints of 12 patients with various arthritides. Considerable variation in the macroscopic signs of inflammatory activity was found within the single joint. However, there was a highly significant correlation (P < 0.001) between local macroscopic signs of inflammatory activity and microscopic signs (by immunohistochemical analysis of the corresponding tissue sample). The profound intraarticular variation in inflammatory activity was seen irrespective of clinical diagnosis. An immunohistologic pattern comprising foci of T helper cells, associated immunoglobulin‐bearing cells, and HLA‐DR‐expressing dendritic cells was not specific for rheumatoid arthritis or any other diagnosis, but was found in the biopsy samples from sites that macroscopically demonstrated maximal inflammatory activity.
Rheumatic fever‐associated B cell alloantigens as identified by monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Zabriskie J. B. , Lavenchy D. , Williams R. C. , Fu S. M. , Yeadon C. A. , Fotino M. , Braun D. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMice immunized with B lymphocytes obtained from patients who had had well‐documented rheumatic fever in the past yielded 2 monoclonal antibodies, termed 83S19.23 and 256S10, which identified certain alloantigens present on the B cells of these patients. The frequency of the B cell marker detected by clone 83S19.23 in rheumatic fever patients was found to be 59%, 77%, and 74% in India, New Mexico, and New York, respectively. Monoclonal antibody 256S10 identified 75% of those rheumatic fever patients who were nonreactive to clone 83S19.23. Thus, the 2 antibodies identify approximately 92% of all rheumatic fever patients and suggest the presence of a diallelic genetic marker for susceptibility to rheumatic fever.
Synovial amyloidosis in patients undergoing long‐term hemodialysis
Authors: Bardin Thomas , Kuntz Daniel , Zingraff Johanna , Voisin Marie‐Catherine , Zelmar Alain , Lansaman Juliette 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSynovial amyloid deposits were found in 18 patients with end‐stage renal failure due to various non‐amyloid nephropathies, who had been treated with long‐term, periodic hemodialysis (mean 116 months). All patients had carpal tunnel syndrome, which was bilateral in 14 of them; 4 patients also had finger flexor tenosynovitis. In 2 patients, destructive arthropathies required surgical replacement of the hip. Amyloid deposits were demonstrated by light microscopy in the synovium of the finger flexor tendon and/or transverse carpal ligament of all patients who had surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome, and in the synovium and capsula of the 2 surgically removed hips. Transmission electron microscopy of synovial samples from 6 patients demonstrated the characteristic fibrillar ultrastructure of amyloid deposits, the biochemical nature of which is still unknown. In addition, 9 patients had cystic radiolucencies of bone, which were interpreted as having resulted from local amyloid deposits, involving carpal bones, humeral heads, femoral heads, acetabula, or tibial plateaus. Our results show that amyloidosis is a frequent histologic finding in dialysis patients receiving surgical management of carpal tunnel syndrome, and that it can also be associated with cystic radiolucencies of bones and with destructive arthropathies.
Elevated C3 anaphylatoxin levels in synovial fluids from patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Moxley George , Ruddy Shaun 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBecause cleavage products of the third component of complement augment inflammation and may contribute to arthritis, we used a competitive inhibition radioimmunoassay to measure levels of the low molecular weight cleavage products of the third component of complement, C3a and C3adesArg, in 72 synovial fluid samples. Mean levels of C3a/C3adesArg were more than sevenfold higher in 41 patients who had rheumatoid arthritis than in 15 patients who had degenerative joint disease or 5 patients who had traumatic arthritis. Striking elevations were also present in 2 patients who had acute gouty arthritis. A calculation of the fraction of intraarticular C3 cleaved showed that the patients with rheumatoid arthritis had a mean C3 cleavage of 11.6 ± 11.0%, which was significantly higher than values of <1.5% for patients with degenerative joint disease or traumatic arthritis. In rheumatoid arthritis and gouty arthritis, specific immunoassay identified substantial quantities of the initial C3 cleavage fragments.
Ibuprofen disposition in obese individuals
Authors: Abernethy Darrell R. , Greenblatt David J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEleven obese subjects (weight 114 ± 11 kg, mean ± SE) and 11 age‐matched subjects with normal body weight (61 ± 3 kg) were given 600 mg of ibuprofen orally after an overnight fast. Peak ibuprofen concentration was significantly decreased in obese subjects (P < 0.02), although the time from administration to peak concentration was not different. Ibuprofen volume of distribution was increased in obese subjects, and this increased distribution correlated positively with body weight (r = 0.82; P < 0.001). Volume of distribution corrected for body weight was decreased in obese subjects, and this decrease correlated negatively with body weight. Ibuprofen clearance was also increased in obese subjects; the increase correlated positively with body weight (r = 0.81; P < 0.001). Since the independent variables, volume of distribution and clearance, were increased in parallel in the obese subjects, the dependent variable, elimination half‐life, was unchanged. Using mean values of distribution calculated from the 2 groups, ibuprofen distribution into body weight in excess of ideal body weight was found to be approximately 0.44 times as extensive as the distribution into ideal body weight. Furthermore, ibuprofen clearance increased in parallel with the volume of distribution and total body weight. Clinically, these data indicate that in obese patients, the ibuprofen dose may be increased without changing the dose interval, in order to achieve necessary plasma concentrations.
A quantitative test for xerostomia. The saxon test, an oral equivalent of the schirmer test
Authors: Kohler Peter F. , Winter Margaret E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe a simple, reproducible, and low‐cost test for xerostomia, which involves chewing on a folded sterile sponge for 2 minutes. Saliva production is quantitated by weighing the sponge before and after chewing. Normal control subjects produced ≤ 2.75 gm of saliva in 2 minutes. Three of 32 consecutive, unselected outpatients in allergy–immunology clinics and 9 of 38 patients in rheumatology clinics had decreased saliva production, which was significantly different compared with controls (P < 0.01). The presence of sicca symptoms was highly correlated with quantitatively abnormal tear and saliva production, according to the results of the Saxon and Schirmer's tests.
Modulatory effect of sera from scleroderma patients on lymphocyte‐induced angiogenesis
Authors: Majewski Slawomir , Skopinska‐Rozewska Ewa , Jablonska Stefania , Polakowski Igor , Pawinska Maria , Marczak Maria , Szmurlo Andrzej 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera from 22 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis were tested for the ability to modify the angiogeneic capability of normal human mononuclear cells. The sera from patients with acrosclerosis, including the abortive form (CREST syndrome: calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, telangiectasias), markedly enhanced this capability compared with sera from both healthy donors and patients with severe acrosclerosis and diffuse scleroderma. The enhancing effect of sera from patients with acrosclerosis decreased and/or disappeared in cases where the patient's acrosclerosis was chronic and severe. Thus, this test may be of diagnostic value in distinguishing various subgroups of systemic sclerosis.
Computed tomography of the hindfoot with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Seltzer Steven E. , Weissman Barbara N. , Braunstein Ethan M. , Adams Douglass F. , Thomas William H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe are performing direct, coronally oriented computed tomographic (CT) scans of the subtalar joint in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. To date, 16 examinations have been performed in 14 patients, 5 of whom were scheduled to undergo subtalar arthrodesis. Scans were 4–7‐mm thick and spanned the length of the subtalar joint. CT scans depicted and localized subtalar abnormalities clearly and precisely. On CT scans, patients showed a characteristic constellation of abnormalities including: soft tissue swelling, cartilage space narrowing, bony erosions, and a pes planovalgus alignment abnormality (consisting of increased heel valgus angulation, and a tendency toward flattening of the sustentaculum tali, and medial and downward slippage of the talar head). The clarity of the CT images facilitated the surgeon's pre‐ and postoperative evaluation. In particular, it was easy to plan the correction of the valgus deformity, anticipate any special requirements for reinforcing the articular surfaces, and assess the results of surgery. We conclude that coronal CT scans clearly demonstrate abnormalities and help the surgeon evaluate the rheumatoid hindfoot.
Adenosine triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase and neutral inorganic pyrophosphatase in pathologic joint fluids. Elevated pyrophosphohydrolase in calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease
Authors: Rachow John W. , Ryan Lawrence M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAdenosine triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase (ATPPPH) and neutral inorganic pyrophosphatase activities were assayed in synovial fluids (SF) from 37 patients with a variety of arthropathies. ATPPPH activity was detected in all fluids, but was highest in patients with chronic chondrocalcinosis; its activity in patients with osteoarthritis was higher than that in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, gout, or pseudogout. ATPPPH activity correlated positively with SF pyrophosphate concentration and negatively with SF white blood cell count. Pyrophosphatase activity did not correlate with diagnosis, pyrophosphate level, or white blood cell count.
Temporal shifts from Sm to ribonucleoprotein reactivity in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Fisher David E. , Reeves Westley H. , Wisniewolski Rosanne , Lahita Robert G. , Chiorazzi Nicholas 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe Sm and RNP autoantibodies, found in the sera of many patients who have connective tissue diseases, recognize determinants on small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNP). Numerous techniques have been used to distinguish between the subsets of snRNP proteins recognized by these two antibody systems. Using protein and snRNP immunoprecipitation, as well as a competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, antibodies in the sera of Sm patients have been observed to include variable quantities of RNP‐like reactivity. To analyze changes in these autoantibodies, 2 patients with anti‐Sm antibodies were followed temporally. The autoantibodies in the sera of both patients underwent shifts from predominant Sm reactivity to predominant RNP reactivity. In 1 patient the shift occurred gradually over several years, while in the other the shift occurred within 8 weeks.
Detection of antibodies to small nuclear ribonucleoproteins and small cytoplasmic ribonucleoproteins using unlabeled cell extracts
Authors: Forman Mark S. , Nakamura Mary , Mimori Tsuneyo , Gelpi Carmen , Hardin John A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRNA molecules immunoprecipitated with sera from patients who have rheumatic diseases can be readily detected in polyacrylamide gels by using ethidium bromide and silver stains. With these stains, we found that RNA patterns characteristic of a broad range of specific small nuclear ribonucleoproteins and small cytoplasmic ribonucleoproteins were recognizable. The stains correctly identified antibodies to ribonucleoproteins in 33 (92%) of 36 patient sera selected for study because of known antibody specificities. The silver stain method detected antibodies to ribonucleoproteins in 25 (76%) of 33 patients with classic systemic lupus erythematosus, a frequency that approximated the frequency observed in the Lerner‐Steitz assay, which is based on autoradiography. This approach considerably simplifies the latter radioimmunoassay with minimal loss of precision and sensitivity.
Partial characterization of synovial fluid nucleotide pyrophosphohydrolase
Authors: Rachow John W. , Ryan Lawrence M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSynovial fluid adenosine triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase, an enzyme which manifests increased activity in chondrocalcinosis and osteoarthritis, was partially characterized in synovial fluids from 41 patients who had a variety of arthropathies. Activity was found to be a soluble, heat labile, and divalent cationdependent nonspecific nucleotide pyrophosphohydrolase with pH optimum 9.0–9.5.
Effect of total lymphoid irradiation on levels of serum autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus and in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Tanay Amir , Schiffman Gerald , Strober Samuel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effects of total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) on serum levels of autoantibodies, and of antibodies to diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, and pneumococcal polysaccharide in patients with lupus nephritis were compared with those previously observed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Baseline levels of antibodies to diphtheria toxoid and tetanus toxoid decreased significantly after TLI in patients with lupus and RA, but antibody levels to pneumococcal polysaccharide remained unchanged. After TLI, the levels of antinuclear and anti‐DNA antibodies were reduced significantly in lupus, but levels of rheumatoid factor, antinuclear, and antigranulocyte antibodies all tended to increase in RA.
Rheumatic diseases in an inuit population
Authors: Oen Kiem , Postl Brian , Chalmers Ian M. , Ling Norma , Schroeder Maria Louise , Baragar Fletcher D. , Martin Liam , Reed Martin , Major Paul 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrevalence and incidence rates for rheumatic diseases were found to be minimal among the Inuit people in the Keewatin District of the Northwest Territories, Canada. Patient identification was achieved by a review of medical records. All identified patients were interviewed and examined by a participating rheumatologist. Among women, the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis, adjusted for age of the Manitoba population, was 1,822 per 100,000 and was comparable with that observed in other populations; no cases of rheumatoid arthritis in men were confirmed. The age‐adjusted prevalence of osteoarthritis, 1,219 per 100,000 in men and 2,144 per 100,000 in women, was apparently low. A moderately high incidence of Reiter's syndrome, 24.9 per 100,000, was found. The findings in children suggested a high frequency of seronegative spondylarthropathies (yearly incidence 60.1 per 100,000), although the adjusted yearly incidence for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis also appeared to be high, 23.6 per 100,000. The frequencies of HLA antigens in patient groups were compared with those found in 19 patients with musculoskeletal complaints but no rheumatic disease. Both HLA‐B27 and HLA‐DR4 appeared to be common in these controls, 36.8% and 63.2%, respectively. Nevertheless, there was a higher frequency of HLA‐B27 in patients with seronegative spondylarthropathies (87%) than in controls (P = 0.001). Because of the small numbers of patients who had rheumatoid arthritis, no associations with HLA were made for this condition. Although the findings suggest differences in the distribution of rheumatic diseases compared with those found in other populations, more complete studies are required to confirm these observations.
Articular cartilage proteoglycans from normal and osteoarthritic mice
Authors: Rostand Katherine S. , Baker John R. , Caterson Bruce , Christner James E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractArticular cartilage proteoglycans from an osteoarthritic mouse strain, STR/IN, were labeled in vivo with 35S‐sulfate and characterized with respect to extractability, ability to aggregate, size of monomer and glycosaminoglycan chains, sulfation of glycosaminoglycans, relative amounts of chondroitin‐4 sulfate and chondroitin‐6 sulfate, and link proteins. The proportion of 35S‐labeled proteoglycans extractable by 0.4M guanidine hydrochloride was the same in control and osteoarthritic animals. However, a greater proportion was extractable by 4M guanidine hydrochloride in the STR/IN animals as compared with the control mice. The ability of the 35S‐proteoglycans to aggregate was comparable in controls and osteoarthritic mice, as judged by their exclusion on Sepharose CL‐2B. Monomers from both controls and osteoarthritic animals eluted from Sepharose CL‐2B with a KAV of 0.47. Glycosaminoglycans from control and osteoarthritic animals eluted from Sepharose CL‐6B with a KAV of 0.63, and no differences in sulfation or chondroitin‐4 sulfate content were found. Aggregates were immunoprecipitated with link protein‐specific antiserum, and only link protein 2 was found in aggregates from control and osteoarthritic animals.
Naturally occurring antibody response to DNA is associated with the response to retroviral gp70 in autoimmune New Zealand mice
Authors: Shirai Toshikazu , Ohta Kiyoe , Kohno Atsushi , Furukawa Fukumi , Yoshida Haruyoshi , Maruyama Naoki , Hirose Sachiko 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe spontaneous occurrence of retroviral gp70 immune complexes (ICs) in the blood of autoimmune New Zealand Black and New (Zealand black × New Zealand white)F1 ([NZB × NZW]F1) mice is determined by a single dominant locus of the NZB strain (provisionally designated Agp‐1). A combined effect of 2 unlinked dominant NZB loci (Ads‐1 and Ads‐2) is required for the production of anti‐double‐stranded DNA (anti‐dsDNA) antibodies in these mice. The present genetic studies using (NZB × NZW)F1 × NZW backcross mice and their second through fourth generation progeny revealed that Agp‐1 and Ads‐1 exist in common or are closely linked on chromosome 17 of NZB mice and are related to the occurrence of renal disease. The renal disease and the serum level of both anti‐dsDNA antibodies and gp70 ICs were more intense in (NZB × NZW)F1 hybrids than in NZB mice, indicating the contribution of NZW genes. In (NZB × NZW)F1 mice, a single dominant locus from the NZW strain, Agp‐3, intensified the magnitude of gp70 IC formation, and a combined effect of 2 unlinked dominant loci from the NZW strain, Ads‐3 and Ads‐4, acted to increase the serum titers of antidsDNA antibodies. This study clearly indicates that the NZW loci Agp‐3 and Ads‐3 exist in common or are tightly linked on chromosome 17, are closely linked to the H‐2 complex, and are associated with the severity of renal disease in (NZB × NZW)F1 hybrids. Thus, it is likely that the abnormalities involved in the antibody response to gp70 are in part genetically related to the production of autoantibodies to dsDNA as well as to the occurrence of renal disease in NZB and (NZB × NZW)F1 mice.
A study of classification criteria for a diagnosis of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Cassidy J. T. , Levinson J. E. , Bass J. C. , Baum J. , Brewer E. J. , Fink C. W. , Hanson V. , Jacobs J. C. , Masi A. T. , Schaller J. G. , Fries J. F. , McShane D. , Young D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCriteria for the classification of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis were analyzed in a detailed database of 250 children in order to assess the accuracy of diagnosis and validity of onset types and course subtypes. A number of conclusions have been derived from this study: 1) All definitions of the 1973 criteria for classification of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis should be retained. 2) The addition of onset types to the 1976 revision of the criteria has been validated. 3) The course of the disease after the onset period of 6 months is as important to the outcome of a group of children as is the onset type. 4) The current classification should be broadened to include the course subtypes.
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy complicating systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Newton P. , Aldridge R. D. , Lessells A. M. , Best P. V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who developed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) are described. Although the time of PML onset could not be determined with certainty, it probably developed after steroid‐induced immunosuppression. However, high‐dose corticosteroids appeared to produce transient amelioration in the neurologic disorder. We suggest that PML is an important addition to the list of conditions to be considered in the differential diagnosis when a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus develops neurologic abnormalities.