bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Density regression via Dirichlet process mixtures of normal structured additive regression models
Authors: Rodríguez-Álvarez María Xosé , Inácio Vanda , Klein Nadja 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Within Bayesian nonparametrics, dependent Dirichlet process mixture models provide a flexible approach for conducting inference about the conditional density function. However, several formulations of this class make either restrictive modelling assumptions or involve intricate algorithms for posterior inference. We propose a flexible and computationally convenient approach for density regression based on a single-weights dependent Dirichlet process mixture of normal distributions model for univariate continuous responses. We assume an additive structure for the mean of each mixture component and incorporate the effects of continuous covariates through smooth functions. The key components of our modelling approach are penalised B-splines and their bivariate tensor product extension. Our method also seamlessly accommodates categorical covariates, linear effects of continuous covariates, varying coefficient terms, and random effects, which is why we refer our model as a Dirichlet process mixture of normal structured additive regression models. A notable feature of our method is the simplicity of posterior simulation using Gibbs sampling, as closed-form full conditional distributions for all model parameters are available. Results from a simulation study demonstrate that our approach successfully recovers the true conditional densities and other regression functionals in challenging scenarios. Applications to three real datasets further underpin the broad applicability of our method. An package, , implementing the proposed method is provided.
Renal function and adverse clinical events in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation: insights from the GLORIA-AF Registry Phase III
Authors: Liu Yang , Lam Steven Ho Man , Romiti Giulio Francesco , Huang Bi , Chen Yang , Chao Tze Fan , Olshansky Brian , Hong Kui , Huisman Menno V. , Lip Gregory Y. H. ,   on behalf of the GLORIA-AF Investigators
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Renal function, assessed by creatinine clearance (CrCl), affects the efficacy and safety of oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). To investigate the association between CrCl and the risk of clinical adverse events and compare the safety profiles of vitamin K antagonists (VKA) and non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC). Patients with newly diagnosed AF (< 3 months before baseline visit) were collected from the prospective Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Anti-Thrombotic Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (GLORIA-AF) registry Phase III. Clinical events assessed included the composite outcome (all-cause death, thromboembolism, and major bleeding), cardiovascular (CV) death, myocardial infarction (MI), and other single outcomes. 10,594 AF patients (mean age 70.35 ± 9.92 years; 55% male; 73% on NOAC) were included. Increasing CrCl was associated with decreased risks of all cause death, composite outcomes and CV-death with in patients with CrCl < 80 mL/min. Multivariate Cox models indicated that compared to VKA, NOAC was associated with lower risks of all cause death (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.68, 95% CI 0.58–0.78), composite outcomes (aHR 0.77, 95% CI 0.69–0.86), CV-death (aHR 0.70, 95% CI 0.56–0.87), and major bleeding (aHR 0.74, 95% CI 0.61–0.91) in AF patients. For CrCl < 30 mL/min, lower risks of all-cause death, composite outcomes and CV death were related to NOAC therapy. In this large prospective global registry, NOACs were associated with better outcomes compared with VKA for patients with normal or impaired renal function.

Graphical abstract
Simplified vs extended in vitro methods for the evaluation of bioaccessibility of metals and metalloids present in urban recreational soils
Authors: Lekuona-Orkaizagirre Ainhoa , Meaurio Maite , Gredilla Ainara 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Urban soils may contain different metals and metalloids and they can enter the human body by direct inhalation, ingestion or dermic absorption. According to USEPA, 200 mg·day−1 is the average daily ingested dose of soil for children aged from 1 to 12 years of age. In vitro bioaccessibility tests which are based on human physiology, have been used for the determination of the element fraction in soils that can be absorbed by human digestion. A total of 26 urban soils were collected in recreational areas from San Sebastian to evaluate the bioaccessibility of metals and metalloids (Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb) by SBET (Simplified Bioaccessibility Extraction Test) and RIVM (Dutch National Institute for Public Health and Environment) in vitro methodologies. SBET simulates the gastric conditions, while RIVM simulates mouth, gastric and intestinal conditions. ICP-MS was used for the simultaneous determination of the elements. Cd showed the highest percentage of bioaccessibility by both methods and Fe, Al and Cr resulted the least bioaccessible elements. Pb and Zn showed different results in each method. HQ (Hazard Quotient), HI (Hazard Index) and CR (Carcinogenic Risk) values obtained were higher with SBET methodology. According to HI (considering 10 metal(loid)s), non-carcinogenic effects may occur to children with the ingestion of three of the studied children’s parks. Regarding CR index, all the studied soils were within the tolerable carcinogenic risk (considering Cr, As and Pb) for children, and the risk was sometimes negligible for adults. Considering the experimental difficulties related to RIVM, SBET method may be used for a simple and conservative first approach of the bioaccessibility of metals and metalloids accumulated in soil samples.
„Das ist ein Fünftel meiner Arbeit. Ich habe noch vier Fünftel andere Sachen“ – Herausforderungen für Gesundheitsförderung in der Pflege
Authors: Roßbach Catrin Nathalie , Haeger Julie , Hartung Susanne , Janetzke Hanna 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund und Fragestellung
Pflegefachkräfte sind die größte Berufsgruppe im Gesundheitswesen und in ihrem Arbeitsalltag stark belastet. Betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung (BGF), möglichst im Rahmen eines betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagements (BGM), kann u. a. dabei helfen, Belastungen zu reduzieren. Der Beitrag stellt die größten Herausforderungen für die Umsetzung von Gesundheitsförderung in Krankenhäusern auf betrieblicher und überbetrieblicher Ebene vor.

Methoden
Zwischen Februar und Oktober 2022 wurden im Rahmen der Projekte zur „Guten gesunden Arbeit in der Pflege“ 39 Leitfaden-gestützte betriebliche und überbetriebliche Expert:inneninterviews durchgeführt. Die Auswertung erfolgte nach der inhaltlich strukturierenden qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring.

Ergebnisse
Die Herausforderungen lassen sich in drei Bereiche einordnen: fehlende Priorisierung, fehlende Strukturen und Ressourcen sowie Mehraufwand in Konzeption und Organisation. Die fehlende Priorisierung (z. B. bedingt durch Kostendruck, eingeschränktes Konzept von BGF) beeinflusst maßgeblich, welche Strukturen und Ressourcen für die Konzeption und Organisation von BGF genutzt werden. Grundsätzlich erschweren unklare Entscheidungs- und Zuständigkeitsstrukturen (z. B. bedingt durch personelle Mehrfachbelastungen) die Umsetzung von BGF und die Kooperation mit der überbetrieblichen Ebene. Die Konzeption und Organisation erfordert durch die Besonderheiten von Krankenhäusern Mehraufwand (z. B. Schichtbetrieb, Heterogenität der Zielgruppe, erhöhter Aktivierungsaufwand der Zielgruppe). Dieses Zusammenwirken wird in einem Modell dargestellt.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Gesundheit der Pflegenden muss auf verschiedenen Ebenen einen größeren Stellenwert erlangen. Durch eine verbesserte Ausstattung mit finanziellen, personellen und zeitlichen Ressourcen im Betrieb sowie die Unterstützung durch überbetriebliche Akteure sollten nachhaltige Strukturen zur Reduktion von Belastungen und Gesundheitsförderung geschaffen werden.
Effect of Cooling Rate on Quench-Induced Grain Boundary η-Phase Precipitation in 7xxx Aluminium Alloys
Authors: Yao Yichao , Euesden Ryan , Burnett Timothy L. , Shanthraj Pratheek , Prangnell Philip B. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Quench sensitivity in aluminium 7xxx alloy thick plates results from grain boundary precipitation (GBP) of the η-phase (Mg(ZnAlCu)2), which can significantly impact their fracture toughness and sensitivity to Environmentally Induced Cracking (EIC). A novel characterisation method, supported by phase-field simulations, has been employed to advance understanding of this phenomenon. To investigate the effect of cooling rate and alloy composition, Jominy end quench tests were performed on two commercial alloys, AA7050 and AA7085, with samples fractured under cryogenic conditions to expose grain boundary (GB) surfaces. This allowed the GB precipitate size distributions and morphologies to be quantified as a function of cooling rate. To understand the overall trends in the effect of composition and cooling rate on the size and density of the GBPs, ‘large’-scale CALPHAD-informed phase-field simulations were performed with a simplified particle geometry and nucleation model. The simulations replicated the observed greater quench sensitivity of lower Zn/Mg ratio alloys like AA7449 and AA7050 compared to AA7085. On increasing the cooling rate from 2.5 to 30 °C s−1, the average GB η-precipitate size and GB area coverage were decreased rapidly. Solute depletion adjacent to the GB, resulting from quench-induced precipitation, was also simulated, and shown to be largely determined by Zn and Mg diffusion, which reduced with increasing cooling rate. Using AA7050 as a baseline, the influence of alloy chemistry on GB η-precipitate was systematically investigated. Increasing Cu and Zn both results in a higher η solvus temperature, which promoted both the nucleation and growth of η precipitates and leads to an increased quench sensitivity, whereas reducing the Mg content reduces quench sensitivity.
Effect of Build Orientation on Thermal Expansion of LPBF Printed Ti-6Al-4V
Authors: Mayer T. , Friso F. , Radis R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Ti-6Al-4V is a widely adopted alloy for components produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF). Due to its high strength-to-weight ratio, its excellent corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility, it is used in a wide range of applications in the aerospace, chemical and process engineering, energy, and biomedical sector. While conventionally produced Ti-6Al-4V typically features an

$$\alpha +\beta $$

α
+
β

microstructure, additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V is well known to develop an acicular martensitic

$$\alpha^{\prime}$$

α
′

structure with often pronounced anisotropic properties resulting from the hexagonally closest packed (hcp) structure of

$$\alpha^{\prime}$$

α
′

. This study investigates the effect of the build direction of an LPBF printed Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 23) alloy on the resulting thermal expansion behaviour up to 1100 °C. Vertically built samples show a distinctly positive step in the apparent thermal expansion between approximately 850 °C and 1000 °C, while that of horizontally built specimen exhibit a dip. This is shown to be associated with (1) the alignment of prior

$$\beta $$

β

grains growing epitaxially with

$${\langle 001\rangle }_{\beta }$$

⟨
001
⟩

β

along the direction of the thermal gradient that is related (but not parallel) to the build direction, (2) the Burgers orientation relationship and crystallographic variant selection causing acicular

$$\alpha^{\prime}$$

α
′

laths to grow at approximately 40 deg to the primary axis of prior

$$\beta $$

β

grains, and (3) the strain occurring during the

$$\alpha^{\prime}\to\, \beta $$

α
′

→

β

transformation. The apparent anisotropy of the thermal expansion of the as-printed Ti-6Al-4V is expected to have a relevant impact on the residual stress state after heat-treatment of LPBF components.
Flexibility as a form of inequity in emergency remote online learning: the perspective of Israeli university students
Authors: Becher Ayelet , Slobodin Ortal , Manevich-Malul Gila , Abu-Kishk Hama , Queder Sarab Abu-Rabia , Pinson Halleli 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Flexible online distance education enables students to interact with content and materials at their own pace and from any location. However, such individualization of students’ learning time and space masks differences between learners’ access to resources within their spatial environments and temporal contexts and, thus, might generate implicit forms of social inequity. This study examines how flexibility inherent to emergency remote online learning shapes how Israeli university students from different social groups experienced remote online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. We thematically analyzed semi-structured interviews with 50 undergraduate and graduate students, representing diversity in terms of class, gender, and national categories. We found four spatial and temporal factors that shaped students’ ability to harness flexibility to benefit their emergency remote online learning: spatial capital, temporal capital, temporal agency, and temporal intensity. The analysis revealed how such factors were shaped by complex intersections between students’ social identities. This study suggests that higher education institutions should make flexibility inclusive and safeguard students from potential adverse effects by tailoring support to diverse student needs and ensuring consistent access to resources as needed.
Comprehensive Solutions for Soil Erosion: An In-Depth Look at Geosynthetic Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECPs)
Authors: Bhatia Shobha K. , Smith Jennifer L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Urban development has significantly accelerated soil erosion, presenting a serious environmental challenge. Among the available solutions, well-established vegetation is proven to dramatically reduce erosion rates. Geosynthetic rolled erosion control products (RECPs) have shown to be highly effective in not only minimizing soil erosion but also promoting vegetation growth. With sustainability becoming a critical focus, the importance of RECPs has taken center stage. However, few studies have thoroughly addressed the technical, economic, and social dimensions—the three core pillars of sustainability—within the context of RECPs. In this paper, we offer insights from our research into these interconnected aspects, providing a comprehensive understanding of RECPs. Our research encompassed over 500 index and bench-scale rainsplash erosion tests, performed both with and without vegetation, for thirteen different RECPs composed of natural fibers (coir, jute, wood, and straw) and synthetic fibers. At two project sites in New York State, several of these RECPs were installed in drainage channels as alternatives to traditional rock riprap. Over 22 months, we measured soil erosion and vegetation growth, and calculated the total cost savings from using RECPs instead of riprap. Additionally, we examined the social impact of coir, a natural fiber commonly used in RECPs. We also explored the potential of using forest-based low-value residuals for post-fire applications, as well as innovative PAM-coated natural fibers as alternatives to straw, wood, jute, and coir.
CMDI Resolution Funding and State Aid Control
Authors: Schillig Michael Anderson 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The State aid regime has dominated crisis management in the EU financial sector ever since the Global Financial Crisis. Even with the BRRD/SRM resolution framework taking effect, most European banks in distress continue to receive public financial support subject only to the State aid regime. However, it is one of the declared aims of the CMDI reform proposals to (further) reduce the bank-sovereign nexus by making it easier for banks of all sizes to access industry-financed resolution and deposit insurance funds instead of obtaining financial support directly from State budgets. This paper explores how the CMDI framework and the State aid regime currently interact and how this would change pursuant to the CMDI reform proposals. It argues that these reform efforts will be unlikely to make much of a difference and that, following their implementation, failing institutions will continue to be channeled away from the BRRD/SRM resolution framework towards a State aid-based assessment and treatment.
Contact frequency and quality’s impact on educational integrity during deaf inclusion in higher education
Authors: Ghoniem Eman , Gamal Ghoniem Noha , G. Ghoniem Amr 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Academic integrity is a core issue at all higher education institutions. Repetitive qualified contact with members of a different group, such as deaf students, can result in more positive educational integrity between them and hearing peers or faculty.

Case description
This study investigated the educational integrity of deaf students, peers, and faculty influenced by their attitudes through contact frequency or quality in the inclusion process. The study sample included university undergraduate deaf students and peers, totaling 144 and 720 students, respectively, and 96 academic faculty members. Three questionnaires were used to examine the attitudes of deaf students, hearing peers, and faculty.

Discussion and evaluation
The findings revealed that the majority of deaf students, hearing students and faculty were open to the inclusion process. Frequency of contact, rather than quality of contact, significantly influenced hearing peers' and faculty members' attitudes. However, contact quality was more important than frequency of contact for positive attitudes of deaf students.

Conclusions
Both undergraduate deaf and hearing students, besides faculty, perceived gains from inclusion processes through increased cognitive, affective, and behavioral skills, implying that inclusive practices promote academic integrity behavior.
In ainer warmen stuben, dâ nazzeu tüecher inne truckent, dâ ist der luft wäzzrig und fäuhts
Authors: Rein Matthias 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
In der Historischen Semantik und der historischen Lexikographie wird nicht der geschichtliche Wandel von ›Bedeutungen‹ thematisiert, vielmehr geht es in beiden Disziplinen um die Betrachtung im historischen Sprachgebrauch bezeugter Verwendungsweisen, die nach dem nicht unproblematischen Kriterium der ›Synonymie‹ zusammengestellt werden. In einem Belegwörterbuch wird dieses Ziel methodisch durch das Vorführen von Gebrauchstypen mittels Belegen und deren Klassifikation in Gliederungskommentaren angestrebt, in eine historisch-semantische Wortstudie werden darüber hinaus auch sachgeschichtliche Hintergründe einbezogen. Wie sich diese theoretischen Überlegungen und methodischen Prämissen in der praktischen Arbeit auswirken, soll anhand der beiden mittelhochdeutschen Lemmata naʒ Adj. und nëbel stM. beispielhaft gezeigt werden.
Flexible gas sensor based on laser-induced graphene and cobalt phthalocyanine-MWCNTs composite for methanol detection at room temperature
Authors: Lu Tianqi , Adiraju Anurag , Lyu Ankang , Cui Zheyu , Shi Ge , Al-Hamry Ammar , Pašti Igor A. , Kanoun Olfa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Methanol, a toxic volatile compound, poses significant threats to human health and the environment. Traditional methanol sensors require high operating temperatures, exhibit poor selectivity, and have limited long-term stability, which restricts their application in portable methanol monitoring devices. This study proposes a flexible chemoresistive gas sensor based on laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrodes and a cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc)- multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) composite. Experimental results demonstrate that the sensor achieves an excellent sensitivity of 0.589 Ω/ppm and a low limit of detection of 165 ppb over a wide detection range of 10–1000 ppm, covering international methanol exposure limits. Moreover, the sensor exhibits high selectivity towards methanol in comparison to other interfering volatile organic compounds (e.g., ethanol, isopropanol, and acetone). Under 500 ppm methanol, the response time (τ45) is 5 s, the recovery time (τ85) is 108 s, and the hysteresis is only 2.77%. The synergistic effects of the three-dimensional porous structure of LIG, the high conductivity of MWCNT, and the electron transfer characteristics between CoPc and methanol molecules collectively optimize charge transport and gas adsorption efficiency, enabling the sensor to achieve excellent methanol sensing performance at room temperature. Additionally, it shows also outstanding long-term stability over 30 days, with a performance degradation rate of less than 4.25%. These attributes indicate that the LIG-CoPc/MWCNT sensor holds great potential in industrial safety and environmental monitoring applications while providing critical technological support for the development of high-performance, low-power methanol gas sensors.
Effects of Morin on the Wnt, Notch1/Hes1, KI-67/3-Nitrotyrosine and Damage Signaling Pathways in Rats Subjected to Experimental Testicular Ischemia/Reperfusion
Authors: Öztürk Ayşe Betül , Şimşek Hasan , Akaras Nurhan , Kandemir Fatih Mehmet 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aim
Testicular torsion, which occurs when the testicle rotates around the axis of the spermatic cord, is a serious cause of hospital admission, mostly in newborns and children, but also in adults. Oxidative stress is an important mediator of the development of complications. Morin has anti-inflammatory, anti-autophagic, and anti-apoptotic activities and especially strong antioxidant activity. This study aimed to determine the effects of Morin on testicular torsion injury.

Methods
35 Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 7): Control, Morin, I/R, I/R + MRN50, and I/R + MRN100. Parameters are effective in oxidative stress, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, and autophagy damage and Wnt pathway parameters, KI-67, and 3-NT levels were analyzed by biochemical, molecular, and histological methods.

Results
I/R injury significantly increased oxidative stress (MDA, p < 0.001) and reduced antioxidant activity (GSH, SOD, CAT, GPx; p < 0.001). MRN administration reversed these effects, with higher doses showing greater improvement (p < 0.01 for CAT, p < 0.001 for others). Inflammation markers (NF-kB, IL-1β, TNF-α, COX-2, iNOS) were elevated in the I/R group, but MRN reduced their expression (p < 0.001). MRN also mitigated ER stress and reactivated the Wnt signaling pathway, particularly at 100 mg/kg (p < 0.001). Additionally, MRN reduced apoptosis (Caspase-3, Bax, p < 0.001) and autophagy (Beclin-1, LC3A, LC3B, p < 0.001), and improved testicular histology and sperm parameters. MRN treatment restored sperm density, motility, and viability (p < 0.05), with higher doses proving more effective.

Conclusion
MRN has effects properties in testicular I/R injury by inhibiting many damage pathways and activating protective mechanisms.