bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Parotitis as a Complication of Fine‐Needle Aspiration in Warthin's Tumor. A Unique Finding of a 3‐Year Experience with Parotid Tumor Aspiration
Authors: Bahar Gideon , Dudkiewicz Mickey , Feinmesser Raphael , Joshua Ben‐Zion , Braslavsky Diana , Popovtzer Aharon , Galil Dora , Shpitzer Thomas 
Published: March 2006

OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESISFine needle aspiration (FNA) is an accurate, cost‐effective tool for the study of salivary gland lesions. Although complications are extremely rare, salivary gland FNA can lead to hemorrhage, facial nerve injury, and cellulitis at the needle puncture site. Some studies suggest that FNA can cause infarction or metaplastic transformation of benign Warthin's tumors. We review our recent experience with FNA of the parotid gland, focusing on possible complications and pitfalls.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGThe medical records of all patients who underwent FNA of the parotid gland from 2000 to 2002 in the Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery of a major tertiary‐care referral center were reviewed. Cytological results were compared to the histological diagnosis and complications were recorded.RESULTSOf the 256 lesions aspirated, 99 patients (39%), were cytologically diagnosed as benign tumors, including 31 (12%) Warthin's tumors, of which 16/17 resected and confirmed histologically. Five patients with Warthin's tumor had post‐FNA parotitis and were treated accordingly.CONCLUSIONSThe combination of cystic spaces surrounded by oncocytic cells and a poor blood supply makes the tumor susceptible to infarction and inflammation. Our findings indicate that FNA is a strong and reliable tool in the investigation of the salivary glands. Nevertheless, when Warthin's tumor is clinically suspected on the basis of its location (tail of the parotid gland), cystic texture, patient sex (male) and age, one should consider parotitis as a possible complication.
Cytogenetic Analysis of Sinonasal Carcinomas
Authors: Gil Ziv , Orr‐Urtreger Avi , Voskoboinik Nadia , Trejo‐Leider Leonor , Spektor Sergey , Shomrat Ruth , Fliss Dan M. 
Published: March 2006

BACKGROUNDSinonasal carcinomas, including nonkeratinizing (NK) squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC), are uncommon malignant neoplasms arising from the Schneiderian respiratory epithelium of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Due to their low frequency, the cytogenetic data on these tumors is limited.METHODSSeventeen patients who were operated on in our institution for extirpation of paranasal carcinomas were enrolled in this study. Fourteen pathologically confirmed samples of sinonasal carcinomas were cytogenetically analyzed using G‐banding techniques after short‐term culture. Three samples did not grow on culture.RESULTSFive of the 14 sinonasal carcinomas had an abnormal karyotype (36%). Of the 9 NK SCCs, 3 had abnormal karyotypes with numerical and structural chromosomal anomalies. Of the 5 patients with SNUC, 2 had an abnormal karyotype. One case of SNUC had a diploid complex karyotype. Another case of SNUC had a near triploid composite karyotype with 60–69 chromosomes. The chromosome arms that involved frequent breakpoint and rearrangements were: 1p, 6p, 7p, and 12q. We found that 3 of the 3 patients who died of disease displayed an abnormal karyotype, whereas 2 of the 11 patients who are alive displayed an abnormal karyotype (P = 0.027).CONCLUSIONSThe study revealed that more than a third of the paranasal carcinomas carry an abnormal karyotype. No specific common aberrations were found in these tumors. To our knowledge this is the first attempt to investigate sinonasal squamous and undifferentiated carcinomas on a genetic level using G‐banding technique. Additional studies are required in order to determine whether cytogenetic data may serve as an adjunct to conventional pathology for the diagnosis and prognosis assessment of these rare and highly aggressive tumors.
Histology of the Nasal Septal Swell Body (Septal Turbinate)
Authors: Wexler David , Braverman Itzhak , Amar Mary 
Published: March 2006

OBJECTIVETo analyze the vascular and glandular elements of the nasal septal swell body (NSB) and quantitatively compare these to the inferior turbinate (IT) and non‐swell body portion of septum.STUDY DESIGNFourteen healthy adults undergoing septoplasty and IT reduction were submitted to unilateral biopsies of the NSB, the adjacent inferior turbinate, and inferior septum. Photomicrography with morphometric analysis was used to determine the relative area proportions of each tissue type.RESULTSNSB was rich in seromucinous glands (49.9% ± 7.0%) compared to IT (19.9% ± 5.5%), P < 0.01. Conversely, IT mucosa demonstrated increased area proportion of venous sinusoids (28.3 ± 13.9) compared to NSB (10.0 ± 6.0), P < 0.01. Inferior septal mucosa had glandular and vascular elements similar in proportion to that of NSB.CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCENSB is a highly glandular structure of the anterior‐superior septum, with moderate proportion of venous sinusoids. Located at the distal valve segment, the NSB appears structured for secretory function and vasoactive airflow regulation.
The Impact of Atopy, Sinus Opacification, and Nasal Patency on Quality of Life in Patients with Severe Nasal Polyposis
Authors: Alobid Isam , Benítez Pedro , Valero Antonio , Berenguer Joan , Bernal‐Sprekelsen Manuel , Picado Cesar , Mullol Joaquim 
Published: March 2006

OBJECTIVESNasal polyposis has a great impact on the quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between quality of life and atopy, sinus opacification, and nasal patency in severe nasal polyposis.METHODSOne hundred nine patients completed the Medical Outcome Study Short Form‐36 (SF‐36) survey. Symptoms, polyp size, atopy, nasal patency, and sinus opacification were also scored.RESULTSPatients showed worse scores in all SF‐36 domains, except for physical functioning, compared with Spanish population. Atopic patients had worse scores in role physical, body pain, vitality, and mental health than nonatopic patients. Atopic patients showed lower physical component summary (44.7 ± 1.1) and mental component summary (38.4 ± 1.0) than nonatopic patients (48.3 ± 1.6, 40.6 ± 1.3; P < 0.05), respectively. There were no correlations between quality of life and symptoms, polyp size, CT scan, nasal patency, and atopy.CONCLUSIONNasal polyposis has a considerable impact on quality of life and atopy worsens this impact.EBM ratingC‐4
Multilevel Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Short‐Term Results
Authors: Verse Thomas , Baisch Alexander , Maurer Joachim T. , Stuck Boris A. , Hörmann Karl 
Published: March 2006

OBJECTIVETo determine the efficacy of a new multilevel surgical protocol for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGSixty patients with moderate to severe OSA because of multilevel pharyngeal obstruction were enrolled into this prospective, controlled clinical trial after clinical examination, endoscopy, and polysomnography. Surgery included uvulaflap, tonsillectomy, hyoid suspension, and radiofrequency treatment of the tongue base (group A). A second group did not receive hyoid suspension (group B). In both groups, nasal surgery was performed if necessary. Polysomnography and Epworth Sleepines Scale (ESS) were recorded at baseline and 2 to 15 months after surgery.RESULTSIn group A, the mean apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) decreased significantly after surgery (38.9 ± 20.0 vs 20.7 ± 20.6, P < 0.0001), whereas in group B the AHI did not. All secondary variables (minimal oxygen saturation, mean oxygen saturation, arousal index), and the ESS significantly improved in group A with only changes in arousal index and ESS reaching levels of significance in group B.CONCLUSIONThe presented protocol including the hyoid suspension proved to be effective in the treatment of OSA, whereas surgery without hyoid suspension was less successful.
Hearing Loss with Stapedotomy and Treated Otitis Media
Authors: Lo Teresa M. , Zhang Mei , Young Linda J. , Antonelli Patrick J. 
Published: March 2006

OBJECTIVETo determine if treated Pseudomonas aeruginosa otitis media (PA OM) increases the risk of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) with stapedotomy.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGPA OM was induced in 28 guinea pigs. Half of the animals underwent unilateral stapedotomy before antibiotic therapy (untreated), and half underwent stapedotomy after treatment (treated). Control animals underwent saline injections followed by stapedotomy. Electrocochleographic thresholds were measured before and after stapedotomy. Temporal bones were analyzed histomorphologically.RESULTSLess SNHL was seen after stapedotomy in treated ears than in untreated ears (P = 0.0268). SNHL after stapedotomy in treated ears was similar to controls (P = 0.9370). Severe damage to cochlear outer hair cells was found in untreated ears.CONCLUSIONSEars with PA OM treated previously are not at increased risk of SNHL with stapedotomy.SIGNIFICANCEStapedotomy may be carried out with caution in the setting of inactive, chronic OM.
Repetitive Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Failure: A Role for Radical Surgery?
Authors: Videler Ward J. M. , Wreesmann Volkert B. , van der Meulen Freerk W. , Knegt Paul P. , Fokkens Wytske J. 
Published: March 2006

OBJECTIVESEndoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is considered to be the golden standard for surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis. However, there is still a small group of patients unresponsive despite repetitive surgery. Radical surgery aimed at reduction of the inflammatory burden and optimization of drainage of the sinuses has been suggested as a last resort for these patients.STUDY DESIGNA prospective, questionnaire‐based study was conducted in a group of 23 patients who underwent Denker's procedure for refractory chronic rhinosinusitis. Symptoms were evaluated before Denker's procedure and 12 months and 2 years after surgery.RESULTSPatients reported improvement of feelings of congestion in 74%, rhinorrhea in 70%, and nasal obstruction in 60% of the cases. The following postoperative improvements were statistically significant: rhinorrhea (P = 0.001), feelings of congestion (P = 0.02), and nasal obstruction (P = 0.03). Reduced olfactory perception and asthma did not improve.CONCLUSIONRadical surgery may be a viable treatment option in case of recurrent ESS failure.
Analysis of Prognostic Factors of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Impact of in Situ Hybridization for Epstein‐Barr Virus Encoded Small RNA 1
Authors: Nakao Kazunari , Mochiki Masato , Nibu Ken‐Ichi , Sugasawa Masashi , Uozaki Hiroshi 
Published: March 2006

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the impact of clinical, histopathological, and molecular biological parameters on the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGThe clinical records of 48 patients with a diagnosis of NPC were retrospectively reviewed. In situ hybridization for Epstein‐Barr virus encoded small RNA 1 (EBER‐ISH) was applied for 30 paraffin‐embedded specimens available. Prognostic factors of NPC were meticulously analyzed.RESULTSThe EBER‐ISH signal was shown to be highly significant as a favorable prognostic factor (P = 0.007). Although EBV was more commonly associated with Type III NPC, EBER‐ISH‐positive Type I‐II NPC had also significantly better survival rate than EBER‐ISH‐negative Type I‐II NPC (P = 0.036).CONCLUSIONSIn addition to the WHO histopathological grade, the 1997 UICC staging, nodal status, and distant metastasis at presentation, the EBER‐ISH signal was shown to be significant as a prognostic factor.SIGNIFICANCEThis is the first report to describe the EBER‐ISH as an independent prognostic factor of NPC regardless of histopathology.
The Association between Positional Vertebral and Basilar Artery Flow Lesion and Prevalence of Vertigo in Patients with Cervical Spondylosis
Authors: Olszewski Jurek , Majak Joanna , Pietkiewicz Piotr , Luszcz Cezary , Repetowski Marcin 
Published: March 2006

OBJECTIVEThe aim of our investigations was to characterize the relationship between basilar artery (BA) flow velocity in patients with cervical spondylosis and age, grade of radiological changes, prevalence of vertigo, and decreased blood flow velocity through vertebral arteries (VA) after head rotation.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGA prospective, controlled study in academic neurotology was conducted. We examined 80 patients with radiological evidence of cervical spondylosis. Forty patients complained of positional vertigo lasting more than 6 months. Patients were examined by transcranial Doppler ultrasound with head rotations.RESULTSWe showed significant association between velocity flow in basilar artery after neck rotation and age, prevalence of vertigo, grade of radiological changes, and positional vertebral artery flow lesion.CONCLUSIONSpondylotic‐induced VA compression may be the reason for decreased blood flow velocity in the basilar artery during head rotation, which may be of particular importance for older patients, especially complaining of vertigo.SIGNIFICANCEEvery patient with high‐grade cervical spondylosis, especially complaining of vertigo, should be examined by using TCD (transcranial Doppler) with head rotations. In case of positional blood flow reduction during head rotation, further angiographic examination should be undertaken so as to plan suitable treatment.
Incidence of Skull Base and Orbital Erosion in Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis (AFRS) and Non‐AFRS
Authors: Ghegan Mark D. , Lee Fu‐Shing , Schlosser Rodney J. 
Published: March 2006

OBJECTIVETo compare the incidence of bony erosion associated with allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) with the incidence of bony erosion seen in other types of inflammatory sinusitis.STUDY DESIGNRetrospective review.RESULTSAFRS was diagnosed in 27 patients, and 15/27 (56%) had bony skull base or orbital erosion. Non‐AFRS chronic sinusitis required surgery in 158 patients, but only 8 (5%) had bony skull base or orbital erosion (P < 0.01). AFRS patients were 12.6 times (P < 0.01) more likely to have bony erosion than non‐AFRS patients. African American males were 15.0 times (P < 0.01) more likely to have bony erosion than whites and African American females combined.CONCLUSIONBony erosion with intracranial and intraorbital extension is much more common in AFRS than all other types of inflammatory sinusitis combined. African American males have a higher incidence of AFRS, as well as intracranial and intraorbital extension.
Soft Palate Implants for the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Nordgård Ståle , Stene Brit Kari , Skjøstad Ketil Wichman 
Published: March 2006

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the initial short‐term effectiveness of palatal implants in treating patients with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Previous published studies have focused on snoring without OSA.STUDY DESIGNA prospective, nonrandomized study of 25 previously untreated patients with an apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) of 10 to 30 and a body mass index (BMI) of ≤30. Three permanent implants (Pillar; Restore Medical, St Paul, MN) were placed in the soft palate of each patient with a specially designed delivery tool in an office setting under local anesthesia after a formal polysomnography. A repeat polysomnography was obtained after 90 days.RESULTSThe AHI was reduced from a mean of 16.2 to a mean of 12.1 (P < 0.05) for the study group. Twenty of 25 patients (80%) experienced a decrease in the AHI. Twelve of 25 patients (48%) showed a post‐90‐day implant AHI of 10 or less, a benchmark for the possible cessation of continuous positive airway pressure therapy. The Epworth Sleepiness Score decreased from 9.7 to 5.5 (P < 0.001) and the visual analog Scale of snoring intensity reported by bed partners decreased from 8.4 to 4.3 (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONThe palatal implant method can significantly improve AHI and other sleep‐related parameters in patients with mild to moderate OSA and a BMI of ≤30. Short‐term results are comparative to those reported for uvulopalatopharyngoplasty but achieved in a low‐cost, single‐stage, outpatient office setting with low morbidity.
Incidence of Spontaneous Hearing Threshold Shifts during Modern Concert Performances
Authors: Opperman David A. , Reifman William , Schlauch Robert , Levine Samuel 
Published: March 2006

OBJECTIVESConcerts have long periods of intense sound with short break intervals. Hearing concerns are well known to performers; concertgoers largely ignore them. Preperformance and postperformance audiograms were compared to assess hearing threshold shifts with and without earplugs.METHODSA prospective, randomized study in which 29 volunteers attended 3 concerts, encompassing 3 music genres. Audiograms, seating location, sound intensity, and earplug‐use data were collected. Data were analyzed to determine frequency test‐retest variability.RESULTSSound levels averaged 99.8 dBA, and the maximum was 125.6 dBA. Sixty‐four percent (9/14) of participants without earplugs showed significant threshold shifts compared with 27% (4/15) of those using earplugs. No significant differences existed between music genres or seating location.CONCLUSIONSThis study showed a high incidence of threshold shifts in unprotected concertgoers. Sound levels exceeded all Occupational Safety and Health Act rules despite standardized sound systems. A significant reduction in threshold shifts was seen with the use of earplugs.
Prevalence of Elevated Total IgE and Food Allergies in a Consecutive Series of ENT Pediatric Patients
Authors: Bhombal Shazia , Bothwell Marcella R. , Bauer S. M. 
Published: March 2006

OBJECTIVEFood allergies in childhood have been found to vary in frequency from 6% to 8% in the general population. Previous studies indicate milk allergy affects approximately 2.5% of infants and egg allergy has been estimated at 1.6% to 2.6%. Numerous allergists believe that the prevalence of food allergies is rising, similar to the rise in other atopic conditions. Prior studies have demonstrated that food‐specific IgE is a useful test for diagnosing symptomatic allergies to certain foods, including milk and eggs, and could decrease the need to perform cumbersome multiple double‐blind, placebo‐controlled food challenges in children based on history alone. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of food allergies and elevated IgE in a consecutive series of pediatric otolaryngology patients.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGImmunoCap™ studies were drawn in a 2‐year series of children undergoing ENT procedures of bilateral myringotomy with tubes (BMT) with or without adenoidectomy or tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy alone between 2001 and 2003. Sera was analyzed for increased total IgE antibodies, as well as specific IgE antibodies to antigens, including milk, egg, beef, and environmental allergens. A positive patient history or family history of allergy were documented.RESULTSA total of 242 patients were assessed. Of the study population, milk allergy was found in 10.7%; egg white allergy was found in 5.0%. The prevalence of elevated IgE among participants was 11.2%. The overall food allergy prevalence was 14.5%.CONCLUSIONSAlthough we cannot imply causality, the study demonstrated an increased prevalence of food allergy in children undergoing ENT procedures, specifically milk and eggs, than in previous population studies.
Familial Aggregation of Sinonasal Polyps Correlates with Severity of Disease
Authors: Cohen Noam A. , Widelitz Jeffrey S. , Chiu Alexander G. , Palmer James N. , Kennedy David W. 
Published: March 2006

OBJECTIVEInvestigate familial aggregation of sinonasal polyps (NP) and correlate the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with a family history of NP.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGA questionnaire documenting NP, asthma, or aspirin intolerance was completed by 174 CRS patients. Severity of sinus disease was stratified as isolated NP, NP with concomitant asthma, and Samter's triad (polyps, asthma, and aspirin intolerance).RESULTSCompared to controls, CRS patients had a higher incidence of a family history of NP. Additionally, patients stratified with severe CRS had a higher incidence of relatives with NPs.CONCLUSIONSFamilial aggregation of NP is demonstrated in CRS patients and correlates with disease severity.EBM ratingB‐2b
Nasal Expiratory Sound Analysis in Healthy People
Authors: Tahamiler Rauf , Edizer Deniz Tuna , Canakcioglu Salih 
Published: March 2006

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the practicability of Odiosoft‐Rhino (OR), a new experimental method for assessing the nasal airflow and resistance, in normal subjects and to compare the results with acoustic rhinometry (AR) findings.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGOR and AR were carried out in 72 healthy subjects. Their visual analogue scales of nasal obstruction, minimal cross sectional areas (MCA1 and MCA2), and nasal expiration sounds were analyzed and noted for both nasal cavities.RESULTSStatistically significant correlations (P < 0.05) were found between OR and AR in 2,000 to 4,000 Hz and 4,000 to 6,000 Hz with MCA1 and MCA2.CONCLUSIONSOR is a noninvasive and rapid test. It is easy to carry out and requires little patient cooperation. It seems that it may give compatible results with other reliable methods that assess nasal airflow.SIGNIFICANCEWe assume that OR is a sensitive method for evaluating nasal airflow in normal subjects in an easy way.EBM ratingA‐1b
Safety of Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty as Outpatient Surgery
Authors: Hathaway Bridget , Johnson Jonas T. 
Published: March 2006

OBJECTIVEDetermine the admission rate and characterize the complications in uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) patients scheduled to have outpatient surgery.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGRetrospective review of patients undergoing UPPP between 2000 and 2004 in a tertiary care setting.RESULTSUPPP alone or in conjunction with tonsillectomy, septoplasty, or supraglottoplasty was carried out in 110 patients. Average preoperative respiratory disturbance index (RDI) was 35. Admission was required in 20 (18%) patients whereas 90 (82%) were discharged on the day of surgery. Admission due to desaturation was noted in 3 (3%) patients. The most common reasons for admission included pain and nausea. There were no major complications.CONCLUSIONSCareful preoperative selection of patients should permit many patients to undergo UPPP as outpatient surgery. Factors requiring admission may be assessed in the early postoperative period. The rate of respiratory events requiring postoperative admission after UPPP is low.SIGNIFICANCEUPPP can be carried out safely on an outpatient basis.