bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum metabolism alteration behind different etiology, diagnosis, and prognosis of disorders of consciousness
Authors: Ge Qianqian , Lu Hezhen , Geng Xiaoli , Chen Xueling , Liu Xiaoyan , Sun Haidan , Guo Zhengguang , Sun Jiameng , Qi Feng , Niu Xia , Wang Aiwei , He Jianghong , Sun Wei , Xu Long 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC) exhibit varied revival outcomes based on different etiologies and diagnoses, the mechanisms of which remain largely unknown. The fluctuating clinical presentations in DoC pose challenges in accurately assessing consciousness levels and prognoses, often leading to misdiagnoses. There is an urgent need for a deeper understanding of the physiological changes in DoC and the development of objective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers to improve treatment guidance.

Methods
To explore biomarkers and understand the biological processes, we conducted a comprehensive untargeted metabolomic analysis on serum samples from 48 patients with DoC. Patients were categorized based on etiology (TBI vs. non-TBI), CRS-R scores, and prognosis. Advanced analytical techniques, including PCA and OPLS-DA models, were employed to identify differential metabolites.

Results
Our analysis revealed a distinct separation in metabolomic profiles among the different groups. The primary differential metabolites distinguishing patients with varying etiologies were predominantly phospholipids, with a notable decrease in glycerophospholipids observed in the TBI group. Patients with higher CRS-R scores exhibited a pattern of impaired carbohydrate metabolism coupled with enhanced lipid metabolism. Notably, serum concentrations of both LysoPE and PE were reduced in patients with improved outcomes, suggesting their potential as prognostic biomarkers.

Conclusions
Our study underscores the critical role of phospholipid metabolism in the brain’s metabolic alterations in patients with DoC. It identifies key biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis, offering insights that could lead to novel therapeutic targets. These findings highlight the value of metabolomic profiling in understanding and potentially treating DoC.
Pedicle subtraction osteotomy in patient with congenital kyphosis
Authors: Rezvani Majid , Mahmoodkhani Mehdi , Fallahpour Soheil , Rahmani Payman , Koohgard Hamed , Tehrani Donya Sheibani 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction
A disorder causes congenital kyphosis in the last stages of ossification and cartilage formation during embryonic development. The main treatment for this disease is surgery with various methods. The present study was performed to evaluate the results of the posterior surgery.

Methods
This study was a descriptive study comparing the results before and after surgery which was performed in 2022 on 14 patients with the congenital kyphosis referred to Al-Zahra Hospital in Isfahan. Initial assessments were performed, and the patient underwent surgery. The patients were re-evaluated immediately after surgery which were followed up and evaluated two years after surgery. Data were collected by a checklist and described and analyzed in SPSS software version 22.

Results
The mean age of the patients was 23.15 ± 13.24 years, 7 patients (50%) were male, and the mean duration of surgery was 405.85 ± 123.99 min. Seven patients (50%) were under 18 years old. No disease died and the highest T12 involvement was in 5 patients (35.8%). Sagittal Vertical Axis, Kyphosis Angle and Lumbar Lordosis decreased in two stages immediately after surgery and follow-up, which were statistically significant (P < 0.05). No associated neurologic abnormalities was found during a physical examination or magnetic resonance imaging. In three phases (before, immediately after surgery, and follow-up), the mean of the Sagittal Vertical Axis, and Lumbar Lordosis in adults (over 18 years) and children (under 18 years) was not substantially different (P > 0.05). The mean Kyphosis Angle were significantly different in adults, and children at follow-up stages (P < 0.05). Because one of the children had a device filler in the follow-up stage.

Conclusions
PSO can be used as a safe and effective technique to treat and correct Sagittal Vertical Axis, Kyphosis angle, Lumbar lordosis.
Application of optimized photovoltaic grid-connected control system based on modular multilevel converters
Authors: Xie Jun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPhotovoltaic power generation is a promising method for generating electricity with a wide range of applications and development potential. It primarily utilizes solar energy and offers sustainable development, green environmental benefits, and abundant solar energy resources. However, there are many external factors that can affect the output characteristics of Photovoltaic cells and the effectiveness of the grid-connected control system. This study describes the introduction of Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) technology into photovoltaic power generation systems to improve power generation efficiency. It proposes optimizing and improving the technology by adjusting the temperature and magnitude of lighting and combining traditional algorithms to propose a composite control algorithm. The photovoltaic power generation system employs the modular multi-level converter technology to enhance power generation efficiency alongside optimization and improvement. The temperature and size of light are regulated alongside the traditional algorithm to introduce the composite control algorithm. The improved composite algorithm surpasses the traditional one after experimental comparison of the results. The testing of a model photovoltaic power grid-connected system shows that the combination of modular multi-level converter technology and a photovoltaic grid-connected system, incorporating composite proportional integral control and quasi-proportional resonant control algorithms, yields improved results and feasibility. With rationality and effective control. The simulation results show that at 0.5 s, the light intensity suddenly increases from 750 to 1000 W/m2, and the direct-current voltage suddenly increases for a short time, but then decreases rapidly and finally returns to a stable level close to the rated voltage. From this, it can be seen that when the light intensity continues to change, the voltage value on the direct-current bus side of this MMC grid-tied photovoltaic system can still be maintained close to the rated value, ensuring the operational stability of the entire system. Sensibly and effectively controlled. The implementation of MMC technology in photovoltaic power generation systems enhances power generation efficiency, whilst simultaneously supporting the advancement of photovoltaic power generation and contributing towards environmental protection in the long term.
Chest ultrasound to detect postoperative pulmonary complications after thoracic surgery: a comparative study
Authors: Elabdein Ali Zein , Hassan Ramy Abdelrheim , Elhaish Mahmoud Khairy , Elkhayat Hussein 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients who underwent thoracic surgery procedures were usually subjected to daily chest X-rays until discharge, exposing patients to ionizing radiation and requiring patient movement with chest drains, difficult positioning, and time-consuming. Unlike chest ultrasound, which is a good alternative because it is bedside and accurate in the detection of pulmonary complications. We hypothesize that a thoracic surgery resident with a short training program in chest ultrasound can achieve comparable results to a chest X-ray. Our study aims to analyze the agreement between the two techniques.

Results
This is an observational prospective study. Eighty-six adult patients who underwent thoracic surgery were included. Every patient had a chest X-ray and chest ultrasound follow-up on day 0, day 3, and day 5 post-operative. Chest ultrasound examinations were performed by the same resident, and the results were revised by an expert sonographer for the detection of pneumothorax, pleural effusion, pulmonary consolidation, and interstitial pattern. Both diagnostic procedures showed substantial agreement for pneumothorax (K = 0.661). For pleural effusion, they showed moderate agreement (K = 0.448, P < 0.001), and no cases developed an interstitial pattern. Overall, both diagnostic procedures showed perfect agreement (K = 0.838, P < 0.001). The time lag to perform a chest ultrasound was statistically lower than that to perform. chest X-ray, with a median of 7 min versus 80 min, respectively.

Conclusions
Performing chest ultrasound by a thoracic surgery resident is a less time-consuming and easy bedside diagnostic tool. Compared chest ultrasound to the postoperative X-ray showed a perfect diagnostic agreement for pulmonary consolidation and moderate agreement for pleural effusion and pneumothorax.

Trial registration
NCT04118621
Efficacy of inhaled iloprost in children with pulmonary hypertension after pediatric cardiac surgery: a case series
Authors: Arslanoğlu Ergin , Bakhshaliyev Shiraslan , Kara Kenan Abdurrahman , Yiğit Fatih , Yeşiltaş Mehmet Ali , Huseynzade Shabnam , Özalp Zeynep Gülben Kük , Karaci Ali Rıza 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The postoperative phase of cardiac surgery in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease often involves the management of pulmonary hypertension, which can significantly affect recovery and long-term prognosis. Inhaled iloprost is a potent acute pulmonary vasodilator with a rapid onset of action and has been shown to be effective and safe in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, improving clinical parameters by lowering pulmonary artery pressure. In our study, we will share the results of patients with pulmonary hypertension after pediatric cardiac surgery in whom we used inhaled iloprost.

Results
A total of 9 patients who received inhaled iloprost between 2020 and 2023 were included in the retrospective study. The age of the patients ranged between 10 days and 11 months, with a mean of 207.77 days (6.92 months) ± 105.78 days (3.52 months). Five patients were male (55.55%), and four were female (44.45%). Three of the patients had trisomy 21 (33.3%) genetic mutations.

Conclusions
The limited number of case series in the literature support the potential of inhaliloprost as an effective and safe therapeutic option for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension in the pediatric population after congenital heart surgery. The findings of this study support the literature and suggest that inhaliloprost is effective. Due to the limited number of patients, further research is needed to determine the safety and efficacy of these drugs, especially to determine the dose, route, and duration of administration in intubated patients.
Highly precise thickness measurement of multilayer films based on the cross-correlation algorithm using a widely tunable MG-Y laser
Authors: Cheung Yang , Jing Zhenguo , Li Ang , Cao Pengdong , Zhou Da-Peng , Peng Wei 
Published: April 2024

Inspired by the demodulation algorithm of Fabry–Perot composite sensors in the field of fiber-optic sensing, this paper proposes a method based on a widely tunable modulated grating Y-branch (MG-Y) laser combined with the cross-correlation algorithm to achieve a highly precise measurement of the optical thickness of each layer of a multilayer optical sample. A sample consisting of a double glass stack was selected, and the interference spectrum of the stacked sample was acquired using a widely tunable MG-Y laser. A fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm combined with a finite impulse response (FIR) bandpass filter was utilized to separate the different frequency components of the multilayer optical sample. The normalized spectra of each layer were reconstructed using the Hilbert transform. Subsequently, a cross-correlation algorithm was employed to process the normalized spectrum and determine the optical thickness of each layer with high precision. The samples were measured at predetermined locations, with 150 consecutive measurements performed to assess the repetition of the thickness. The standard deviation of these measurements was found to be lower than 1.5 nm. The results show that the cross-correlation algorithm is advantageous in the optical thickness measurement of multilayer films.
Open Access Green und ResearchGate – Wie sollten Bibliotheken damit umgehen?
Authors: Regener Ralf 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
ResearchGate ist eine der erfolgreichsten Webseiten der Wissenschaftskommunikation. Ein wesentlicher Aspekt ist das Bereitstellen von wissenschaftlichen Publikationen durch die Wissenschaftler selbst. Anliegen des Beitrags ist es ein Verständnis für den Erfolg von ResearchGate zu entwickeln, um Erkenntnis für die Verbesserung der eigenen Dienste im Bereich Green Open Access zu erlangen.
Open Forum in the Dedicated Issue of East European Holocaust Studies on Oral History and the Holocaust
Authors: Mykhalchuk Roman Yuriiovych 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The events of the Holocaust are reflected in the numerous memoirs of rescued victims and witnesses of Nazi crimes. Collections of testimonies, memories and oral history on the Holocaust include thousands of early testimonies and life stories archived in for example the Yad Vashem and audio-visual collections initiated in later years such as the Institute for Visual History and Education USC Shoah Foundation, The Fortunoff Video Archives, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Yahad-In Unum and others. In this open forum we how the knowledge from collecting and using oral history and testimonies in Holocaust research can inform current collecting initiatives in relation to for example the ongoing Russian war in Ukraine.
An EU Fund to Incentivise Public Investments with Positive Externalities
Authors: Beetsma Roel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This contribution, based on the proposals by Bakker, Beetsma, and Buti (2024a. “The Case for a European Public-Goods Fund.” Project Syndicate, 4 March. https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/public-goods-fund-could-finance-green-transition-and-ensure-fiscal-responsibility-by-age-bakker-et-al-2024-03, 2024b. “Two Birds with One Stone: Investing in European Public Goods while Maintaining Fiscal Discipline at Home.” Intereconomics 59 (2): 1–6), discusses an EU fund to finance investments with positive cross-border spill-overs, such as large infrastructures, that are too expensive for individual countries to finance, or of which the benefits are insufficiently internalised by individual investing countries. Each country receives a given part (“envelope”) of the fund. The envelope size and the contribution as well as the eventual debt repayment burden could be proportional to the size of the economy, thereby minimising cross-border redistribution. Access to the fund’s resources is conditional on adherence to the EU’s new fiscal rulebook. If a country fails to make full use of its envelope, the remaining resources are re-allocated over the other envelopes. Hence, the fund provides an incentive for countries to simultaneously undertake investments that benefit groups of countries or the EU at large, and to maintain fiscal discipline. We discuss the size of the fund, how it fits within the EU current instrument set, its governance, its financing and its potential political appeal.
You as a stylistic vector of otherness: from self-ascription to enactment in Kincaid (1988), Adichie (2009) and Azumah Nelson (2021)
Authors: Sorlin Sandrine 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Based on a theoretical pragmatic model (Sorlin, Sandrine. 2022. The stylistics of ‘you’. Second-person pronoun and its pragmatic effects. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), this article compares the use of the second-person pronoun in three different narratives written by Black writers: Jamaica Kincaid’s essay, A Small Place (1988), Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s short story “The Thing Around Your Neck” (2009) and Caleb Azumah Nelson’s first novel Open Water (2021). It highlights how the racial nature and assumed universality of you is exposed in the texts and argues that the pronoun works as a powerful vector of otherness, bringing the (white Western) reader to experience racism in most intimate terms. The three texts propose varied stylistic constellations that draw on the flexibility of the pronoun in terms of potential reference, entailing different positionings of audiences, going from “self-ascription” (Wechsler, Stephen. 2010. What ‘I’ and ‘you’ mean to each other: Person indexicals, self-ascription, and theory of mind. Language 86(2). 332–365) to “enactment” (Caracciolo, Marco. 2014. The experientiality of narrative. Berlin: De Gruyter; Popova, Yanna B. 2015. Stories, meaning and experience: Narrativity and enaction. London & New York: Routledge). The article also evidences how the inter/intra-personal pronoun triggers a blurring of traditional stylistic and narratorial labels and lines. Lastly, from an enactive perspective that sees reading as an intersubjective participatory act where meaning emerges in the very interaction between a teller and a reader, this article sees communicating as an act of coordination based on the metaphor, communicating is dancing, inspired by Azumah Nelson’s rhythmic novel.
Mitigating attenuation effects in free-space optics using WDM under variable atmospheric conditions
Authors: Chaudhari Dhrumi , Rajput Sandeep 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This research delves into the optimization of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) within free space optical (FSO) communication systems, aiming to enhance the system’s resilience against atmospheric disruptions. FSO communication, known for its high bandwidth capabilities in unlicensed frequency bands, often encounters reliability issues due to weather-related signal degradation. By integrating a novel WDM-FSO approach, this study seeks to extend the operational range by using switching technique, thereby ensuring consistent and reliable communication. The introduction of a sophisticated switching and fork mechanism is pivotal in this context, facilitating dynamic signal routing and the strategic placement of optical amplifiers to counteract the impact of weather fluctuations and geographical challenges on signal integrity. This system, engineered to support a data transmission rate of 25 Gbps, caters to the needs of applications requiring high bandwidth. Through rigorous performance evaluation based on the Q-factor and BER under various atmospheric conditions, the effectiveness of the WDM-FSO system is demonstrated. The findings are detailed through graphs and tables, providing a comprehensive understanding of the system’s performance. This study makes a significant contribution to the field of wireless optical communication by presenting an optimized WDM-FSO system capable of overcoming weather-related obstacles especially at places where weather conditions are changed very frequently, marking a step forward in establishing more reliable FSO communication networks.
Creation of an electronic learner corpus of French as a foreign language
Authors: Tsaknaki Olympia 
Published: April 2024

According to research findings, learner corpora can have many functions in the field of Applied Linguistics. This was the thinking behind the creation of the KPG Learner Corpus of French1. This interlanguage corpus is comprised of written productions in French obtained from Greek-speaking learners/users of French who participated in the differentiated and graded certification examinations for the National Foreign Language Exam System (Κρατικό Πιστοποιητικό Γλωσσομάθειας, ΚΠΓ) in Greece. It is an ongoing project, which, in its present form, is comprised of 630 written productions of Levels A, B and C (165 000 words) covering a period of two years (2018-2019). As regards its potential applicability and value, useful observations could bring to the fore choices, problems and errors relating to the learners’ interlanguage.
Genetic factors of thrombosis <i>FII G20210A</i>, <i>FV G1691A</i> (<i>Arg506Gln</i>) in patients with thoracoabdominal malignant tumors
Authors: Korolyova A. A. , Gerasimov S. S. , Lyubchenko L. N. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Malignant tumor is one of the leading factors of venous and arterial thrombosis. But there is no data on the need for a genetic testing protocol of cancer patients for genetic predisposition thrombotic conditions, despite the fact that a number of polymorphisms of hemostasis genes are considered to be unconditionally proven factors of high cumulative thrombogenic risk, and proteins encoded by these genes are direct links in the cascades of pathological hypercoagulation in neoplastic processes.Aim. To identify groups of high genetic risk of thrombotic complications among patients with malignant thoracoabdominal tumors.Materials and methods. The study included 223 patients with malignant tumors of the lung, stomach, esophagus, operated in the Department of Thoracic Oncology of the N.N. Blokhin National Research Center of Oncology in 2018–2019. The study groups consisted of patients with myocardial infarction (n = 62), ischemic stroke (n = 24), venous thrombosis/ venous thromboembolic complications (n = 40), patients without cardiovascular diseases, but with a family history burdened by cardiovascular diseases (n = 33). The control group included 81 patients.Results. Among patients with malignant tumors of thoracoabdominal localization, a statistically significant difference was determined in the frequency of carriage of the heterozygous genotype FV 1691GA (Arg506Gln) in patients who had a myocardial infarction (χ2 = 4.0; p = 0.046), who had venous thrombosis (χ2 = 4.118; p = 0.043), in the group of patients with burdened with a family history (χ2 = 4.997; p = 0.026) in comparison with the control group. Statistically significant difference in the frequency of carriage of the heterozygous variant of the mutation in the FII G20210A gene relative to the control group, it was determined in the group of patients who had an acute cerebrovascular accident (χ2 = 6.881; p = 0.009) and among patients with a burdened history (χ2 = 7.563; p = 0.006).Conclusion. In order to assess the risk of development and prevention of thrombotic complications in the perioperative period in patients with malignant thoracoabdominal tumors, who have suffered myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, venous thrombosis/venous thromboembolic complications, as well as patients without cardiovascular pathology, but with thrombotic conditions in relatives of the first degree, it is advisable to perform DNA diagnostics at the prehospital stage to identify of gene polymorphisms FII G20210A and FV G1691A (Arg506Gln).