bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimally invasive lung surgery with an intraoperative completely or partially tubeless protocol: randomized clinical trial
Authors: Zhao Yunpeng , Shan Lei , Zhang Weiquan , Li Peichao , Li Ning , Zhang He , Peng Chuanliang , Cong Bo , Zhao Xiaogang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Thoracic surgery is an invasive procedure and there has been a move towards minimally invasive approaches. This includes video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Non-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery without endotracheal intubation has been developed with a view to avoiding complications associated with intubation including tracheal injury, vocal cord injury and lung impairment due to mechanical ventilation. This study aims to compare outcomes from non-intubated ‘completely tubeless’ versus intubated ‘partially tubeless’ minimally invasive thoracic surgery.

Methods
A single-institution, prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted comparing patients who underwent minimally invasive lung completely tubeless versus partially tubeless surgery, both with enhanced recovery. The primary outcome was the short-term postoperative complication rate. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the significant predictors of severe mediastinal shift and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve plots were drawn.

Results
Among the 348 patients, 174 patients were assigned to the completely tubeless group and 174 patients were assigned to the partially tubeless group. There was no difference in postoperative complications including pulmonary complications, supraventricular arrhythmia, acute myocardial infarction, acute cerebral stroke, venous thromboembolism and urinary retention. The completely tubeless protocol was associated with a higher proportion of early mobilization (66.7% versus 55.7%, P = 0.047), a shorter median duration of drainage (1.0 versus 2.0 days, P = 0.002), and a shorter median duration of postoperative hospital stay (2.0 versus 3.0 days, P = 0.001). The completely tubeless group had less of a difference in white blood cell count before and after the operation (P = 0.042). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that weight was a significant predictor of mediastinal shift in the completely tubeless group.

Conclusion
Under enhanced recovery after surgery protocols, there is no difference in postoperative complications in patients undergoing completely or partially tubeless surgery. However, patients having completely tubeless surgery have shorter durations of postoperative drainage, shorter durations of hospital stay, milder systemic inflammatory reactions, and better immune protection than patients who undergo lung resection with a partially tubeless protocol. The severity of mediastinal shift may be mainly related to body-weight.

Registration number
NCT05269784 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Total synthesis-driven structure determination of viridamide A
Authors: Yoshida Masahito , Hagimoto Kazuki , Jo Tomonori , Uekusa Yoshinori , Glukhov Evgenia , Gerwick William H , Kigoshi Hideo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The originally reported structure of viridamide A was determined to be incorrect based on total synthesis, and the reassignment of NMR spectra suggested a new proposed structure of viridamide A. While the newly proposed structure was successfully synthesized, its 1H NMR spectrum exhibited discrepancies with respect to that of the natural product, particularly in the chemical shifts of the δ-protons of the Pro residue and N-Me moieties. These discrepancies suggested a possible misassignment of amino acid configurations around the C-terminus. Hence, we synthesized 2 diastereomers by replacing the Val or the Pro residue with a corresponding D-amino acid. The 1H NMR spectrum of the D-Val analog closely matched that of the natural product. Finally, both diastereomers possessing (R)- or (S)-methoxymethine group at the C39 position were synthesized. The NMR spectra of diastereomers were compared with that of the natural product, confirming that the absolute configuration at the C39 position was R.
Sex-based differences in adverse left ventricular remodelling and clinical outcomes after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Alonso Tello Albert , Sambola Antonia , Valente Filippa , Sao Augusto , Ródenas-Alesina Eduard , Rello Pau , Maymi Manel , Barrabés José A , Otaegui Imanol , García del Blanco Bruno , Morr-Verenzuela Carlos Igor , Lorenzatti Daniel , Pérez-Solé Nerea , Gavara José , Marcos-Garcés Victor , Ortiz-Pérez José T , Bodí Vicente , Rodríguez-Palomares José F , Ferreira-González Ignacio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aims
The impact of sex on adverse left ventricular remodelling (LVR) after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is unclear due to conflicting results. This study sought to establish sex-based differences in adverse LVR using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) among STEMI patients and their impact on clinical outcomes.

Methods and results
The study included patients with a first STEMI who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Cardiovascular magnetic resonance was performed at 6 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 4–9 days) and after 6 months (6.42 months; IQR: 5.98–7.47 months). Follow-up was 6.94 years (IQR: 4.48–9.32 years). The primary endpoint was the presence of adverse LVR (&gt;15% of LV end-diastolic volume and a decrease of &gt;3% in LV ejection fraction) at 6 months. The secondary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), defined as a combined variable: cardiovascular death, heart failure admission, or ventricular arrhythmias. One thousand sixty-seven patients were included (17.5% women; mean age: 58.71 ± 11.85 years). Women were older and had more cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF). There was no association between sex and adverse LVR [OR: 0.80; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.39–1.64; P = 0.536]. Major adverse cardiac events occurred in 177 patients (16.7%) and was more frequent in women (22.6% vs. 15.4%; P = 0.017). However, after adjusting for baseline differences and CVRF, the female sex was not associated with MACE (hazard ratio: 1.21; 95% CI, 0.81–1.81; P = 0.343).

Conclusion
The higher rate of MACE after STEMI in women compared to men appears to be associated with a higher prevalence of CVRF and comorbidities rather than a more significant occurrence of adverse LVR.
Smartphone for heart sound measurement in hospital: feasibility and influencing factors
Authors: Li Yun , Zhao Zhanjiang , Ainiwaer Aikeliyaer , Mei Daoju , Zhang Peirong , Prinzen Frits W , Luo Hongxing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aims
Smartphones have recently been utilized to measure heart sounds in the general population, but not yet in real-world hospital settings. This study aims to assess the feasibility of smartphones for heart sound measurement across various hospital departments and to identify the factors causing suboptimal heart sound measurements.

Methods and results
The FonoCheck app was used to measure heart sounds from the chest of 296 hospitalized patients. Two assessors independently evaluated the quality of heart sound recordings based on the presence of the first and second heart sounds. Both environmental and patient-related factors were examined for their effects on heart sound quality. Visual assessments identified 254 (86%) good-quality heart sound recordings, with lower frequencies observed in the emergency room (67%), respiratory intensive care unit (78%), and general intensive care unit (82%). The heart sound recordings were affected by various types of noise, including respiration, conversation, motion, and interference from medical devices. However, patient demographics such as sex and body mass index were not associated with poor heart sound quality (P &gt; 0.05), except for age which had a negative impact (P = 0.003). None of the patients’ comorbidities, including atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, significantly affected the heart sound measurements (P &gt; 0.05).

Conclusion
It is feasible to use smartphones to measure high-quality heart sounds in hospitals. However, environmental factors and patient’s age may lead to suboptimal measurements. This study supports the future medical applications of FonoCheck app in hospital settings.
Sensitivity analysis of leaky-mode dispersion curves for horizontal stratified models
Authors: Shi Caiwang , Li Zhengbo , Chen Xiaofei 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
The leaky-mode dispersion extracted from seismograms and noise cross-correlation functions has gained lots of attention in recent years. It has been reported that leaky modes can provide constraints for subsurface structures, especially for P-wave velocities, which may compensate for the limits of traditional surface wave methods. For stable and reliable dispersion-curve inversion, the quantitative analysis of leaky-mode sensitivity is of great importance, which, however, has rarely been studied systematically. Limited by the forward modelling methods, the previous methods for calculating leaky-mode sensitivity are usually hindered by issues of mode skipping, low efficiency, etc. To this end, we propose an effective method that can calculate the leaky-mode sensitivity for various types of models based on the previously proposed forward modelling method named the semi-analytical spectral element method (SASEM). Using the intermediate results of SASEM, we derive analytical expressions for the sensitivity kernels with only matrix operations, which endows the sensitivity calculation procedure with high accuracy and reliability identical to the SASEM. In addition, we suggest a novel modal classification scheme to distinguish different kinds of leaky modes based on the sensitivity features. This scheme facilitates the stable identification of the most attractive guided-P modes from numerous normal and leaky modes, which removes obstacles in the dispersion-curve inversion using guided-P modes to constrain P-wave velocities. Several numerical tests are performed to demonstrate the high accuracy of the sensitivity calculation method and the effectiveness of the modal classification method. To assess the roles of leaky modes in the retrieval of underground structures, we perform comprehensive sensitivity analyses of leaky modes using both crust-scale and near-surface models. Besides the general conclusion that the joint inversion using normal and leaky modes can effectively retrieve P- and S-wave velocities, the feasibility of constraining models with the apparent Σ modes and the split guided-P mode dispersion curves has been demonstrated.
EuVeM2022—a European three-dimensional GNSS velocity model based on least-squares collocation
Authors: Steffen Rebekka , Steffen Holger , Kenyeres Ambrus , Nilsson Tobias , Lidberg Martin 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Geodetic velocity models, derived from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) velocity solutions, interpolate between sparse GNSS measurements to provide a more comprehensive view of horizontal and vertical intraplate deformation. These models contribute to improved assessment of seismic and volcanic hazards, assist in validating geodynamic models, and enable the integration of diverse data sets for comprehensive Earth science studies. Most interpolation techniques are not adequate to model the velocity distribution, especially for the horizontal velocities where the correlation between the components has to be included. Here, we apply a recent extension of the least-squares collocation interpolation technique to the velocity field solution of the EUREF (Reference Frame Sub-Commission for Europe) Permanent GNSS Network Densification (EPND) project (EPND_D2150). The effect of known plate boundaries is accounted for during the interpolation to avoid smoothing across European microplates, thereby preserving the high velocity gradients at plate boundaries. The velocity model EuVeM2022 covers Europe and Anatolia, and has a resolution of 0.1$^{\circ }$. The model can be applied, amongst other things, to correct models used for ground motion services, support tectonic studies, or identify local deformation along coasts for use in sea level research.
Seismic imaging of the crustal structure in the Sodankylä region (Finland): unveiling the Central Lapland Greenstone Belt’s mineral potential
Authors: Hloušek Felix , Jusri Tomi , Buske Stefan , Heinonen Suvi , Karinen Tuomo , Kozlovskaya Elena , Leväniemi Hanna 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
The XSoDEx (eXperiment of Sodankylä Deep Exploration) project acquired in total 82 km of seismic reflection and refraction data to improve the understanding of the crustal composition and, consequently, the mineral systems of the Sodankylä region in Northern Finland. The Sodankylä region is part of the Central Lapland Greenstone Belt, which is famous for its mineral resources. Here, we present the first subsurface images resulting from the seismic reflection and refraction data processing, and provide the first geological interpretation of the data. Our workflow comprised time domain signal processing, migration velocity model building and finally, focusing pre-stack depth migration. The results along the acquired seismic profile lines show a rich inventory of imaged reflectors throughout the upper crust, which in some parts can be correlated clearly with geological features at the surface and also show the complex structure of the lithological units of the Central Lapland Greenstone Belt in the investigation area. Moreover, the presumable top of the Archaean basement can be traced through all lines. The basement is partly bent up to the shallow subsurface. In places, the basement forms a dome-like outcrop. The derived results of the seismic data are in good accordance with earlier interpretations of adjacent seismic investigations. The XSoDEx seismic profiles connect the imaged reflective structures to these surveys, which were acquired over known mineral deposits.
Pediatric vaccination in pharmacies is not associated with delayed well-child visits among commercially insured children
Authors: Bhardwaj Shiven , Galanter Nina , Berenbrok Lucas A , Shah Parth D , Bacci Jennifer L 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Pediatric vaccination rates in the United States lag national goals. Policies that expand pharmacy-based vaccinations among children could help improve vaccination rates. Opponents argue, however, that such policies will result in delayed or missed well-child visits as most children receive routine vaccinations in primary care settings. We evaluated the likelihood of having a timely well-child visit following a routine vaccination in pharmacies and primary care settings among children aged 4–17 years. We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis with commercial claims data from 2016–2019, using conditional logistic regression models. A timely well-child visit was defined as one within 12 months after a preceding well-child visit for primary analysis and 15 months for secondary analysis. Approximately 95% of the sample consisted of children with influenza among their index vaccine(s). The odds of having a timely well-child visit were similar between children who received vaccines in pharmacies and those who received them in primary care settings. Findings suggest that guardians or parents who choose pharmacy-based pediatric vaccinations for their commercially insured children do not forgo well-child visits and may actually be more likely to obtain a timely well-child visit. Extending pharmacy-based vaccinations to patients of all ages can help improve pediatric vaccination rates.
Anthropogenic Impacts on Coral-Algal Interactions of the Subtropical Lagoonal Reef, Norfolk Island
Authors: Ho M L , Page C , Leggat B , Gaston T , Eckhardt S , Ainsworth T 
Published: February 2025

Synopsis
Reef building corals are important in subtropical marine ecoregions, shaping ecosystems and providing habitats for fish and benthic species. Algal communities contribute substantially to the benthic population structure across subtropical coral reefs, however increasing algal cover on subtropical reefs is also linked to degraded ecosystems as has been shown on tropical systems. As such, the dynamics of coral-algal interactions on subtropical reefs are also likely to be an indicator of ecosystem health on subtropical ecosystems. The subtropical lagoonal coral reef of Norfolk Island within the Norfolk Marine Park has been impacted by a regime of disturbance since 2020 including flooding, sedimentation, and heat stress events. Assessing the type and extent of algal interactions with the dominant coral Pocillopora damiconis within the reef sites of Emily Bay, Slaughter Bay, and Cemetery Bay has the potential to provide insight into drivers of ecosystem decline within the reef. Similarly, photochemical efficiency, as measured by yield (Fv/Fm) using pulse amplitude modulated fluorometry, can be used to provide a measure of the health of corals on reefs during degradation events. Here we assess the extent of coral-algal interactions and health of colonies of P. damicornis prior to the onset of summertime conditions (April 2023) and during summertime conditions (December 2023). Seasonal and within site dynamics of coral-algal interactions were evident by a significant bloom of red cyanobacteria (P &lt; 0.0001, April 2023) and Lyngbya {P &lt; 0.01 [Slaughter Bay West (SBW)], P &lt; 0.01 [Slaughter Bay East (SBE)], December 2023}. Within reef, variability of coral-algal interactions was most evident for Lyngbya, and on the Norfolk reef, interactions of Lyngbya with P. damincornis were found to be significantly higher at slaughter bay west (SBW 30.2% of interactions) and east (SBE 24.6% of interactions) in December 2023 than at neighboring Emily (11.6% of interactions) and Cemetery Bay (0.6% of interactions). Pulse Amplitude Modulated (PAM) fluorometry also highlighted the potential for algal interactions to influence the photochemical efficiency of Pocillopora damicornis. Benthic structure, as measured by coral-algal interactions, and coral health within the Norfolk lagoonal, both highlight the potential for anthropogenic drivers of reef decline to influence the health of the ecosystem. Further investigation is therefore necessary to elucidate the specific causes and consequences of algae linked to poor water quality, such as red cyanobacteria and Lyngbya, interacting with corals.
Proteomic evidence for aerobic methane production in groundwater by methylotrophic Methylotenera
Authors: Li Shengjie , Dong Xiaoli , Humez Pauline , Borecki Joanna , Birks Jean , McClain Cynthia , Mayer Bernhard , Strous Marc , Diao Muhe 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Members of Methylotenera are signature denitrifiers and methylotrophs commonly found together with methanotrophic bacteria in lakes and freshwater sediments. Here we show that three distinct Methylotenera ecotypes were abundant in methane-rich groundwaters recharged during the Pleistocene. Just like in surface water biomes, groundwater Methylotenera often co-occurred with methane-oxidizing bacteria, even though they were generally unable to denitrify. One abundant Methylotenera ecotype expressed a pathway for aerobic methane production from methylphosphonate. This phosphate-acquisition strategy was recently found to contribute to methane production in the oligotrophic, oxic upper ocean. Gene organization, phylogeny, and 3D protein structure of the key enzyme, C-P lyase subunit PhnJ, were consistent with a role in phosphate uptake. We conclude that phosphate may be a limiting nutrient in productive, methane-rich aquifers, and that methylphosphonate degradation might contribute to groundwater methane production.
Conotoxins from sea snails as potential bone Remodeling disruptors
Authors: Iduarte-Frias Brenda , Fournier Pierrick G J , Galindo-Torres Pavel , Ventura-López Claudia , Licea-Navarro Alexei F , Bernáldez-Sarabia Johana , Juárez Patricia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The ocean provides food and shelter to diverse marine species, and it is an exceptional source of potential bioactive natural products with promising medicinal properties. Among these, α-conotoxins from venom sea snails show tremendous potential. Our study characterized the effects of synthetic α-conotoxins, sXm1b and sVc1.1, on bone remodeling. Transcriptomic analysis showed significant modulation of critical biological processes, leading to increased osteoclast activity and decreased osteoblast mineralization. sXm1b and sVc1.1 treatment also promoted genes involved in osteoblast and osteoclast proliferation. Interestingly, sVC1.1 showed higher osteoclast gene modulation and reduced the expression of genes critical for osteoblast development and differentiation. In vitro, functional evaluations demonstrated increased osteoclastogenesis and resorption, along with decreased differentiation and mineralization by osteoblasts. In a 3D ex vivo calvaria culture model, these conotoxins significantly decreased bone area, increased osteoclast number, and modulated the expression of osteoclast- and osteoblast-related genes. The findings highlight the promise of α-conotoxins as modulator of bone remodeling for treating non-genetic bone mass accumulation problems, while also cautioning about potential adverse effects on bone in individuals undergoing conotoxin therapy for pain management.
A comprehensive study of the dust declines in R Coronae Borealis stars
Authors: Crawford Courtney L , Soon Jamie , Clayton Geoffrey C , Tisserand Patrick , Bedding Timothy R , Clark Caleb J , Lee Chung-Uk 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
The R Coronae Borealis (RCB) variables are rare, hydrogen-deficient, carbon-rich supergiants known for large, erratic declines in brightness due to dust formation. Recently, the number of known RCB stars in the Milky Way and Magellanic Clouds has increased from $\sim$30 to 162. We use all-sky and targeted photometric surveys to create the longest possible light curves for all known RCB stars and systematically study their declines. Our study, the largest of its kind, includes measurements of decline activity levels, morphologies, and periodicities for nearly all RCB stars. We confirm previous predictions that cool RCB stars exhibit more declines than warm RCBs, supporting a relationship between dust formation and condensation temperatures. We also find evidence for two distinct dust production mechanisms. R CrB and SU Tau show decline onsets consistent with a Poisson process, suggesting their dust production is driven by stochastic processes, such as convection. In contrast, RY Sgr’s declines correlate with its pulsation period, suggesting that its dust production is driven by pulsationally induced shocks. Finally, we show that the dust properties of the related class of DY Per variables differ from those of the RCB stars, suggesting differences in their evolutionary status.