bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
All-Solid State Electric Double Layer Capacitor Using Polymer Electrolyte and Isotropic High Density Graphite Electrodes
Authors: Liu Xingjiang , Momma Toshiyuki , Osaka Tetsuya 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Isotropic high density graphite (HDG) was used as the polarizable electrode of electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with a solid electrolyte consisting of PEO/LiClO4([EO]/[Li+] = 8:1) at 80 °C or with a gel electrolyte consisting of PEO/PC/LiClO4([EO]/[PC]/[Li+] = 8:8:1) at room temperature. The all-solid state capacitor with HDG electrodes works satisfactorily as a EDLC with a relatively high capacitance, as well as the EDLC with gel electrolyte PEO/PC/LiClO4. These EDLCs with solid polymer electrolyte PEO/LiClO4 and gel electrolyte PEO/PC/LiClO4 show good charge/discharge behavior when charged to 1.5 V at 80 °C and 20 °C, respectively.
Reduction of α-Halo Carbonyl Compounds with NaBH4-SbBr3
Authors: Sayama Shinsei , Inamura Yutaka 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The reagent NaBH4-SbBr3 was found to be chemoselective for the reductive debromination of aromatic α-bromo carbonyl compounds and 2,3-dibromo-1,4-butanediones.
Conformational Stability of 1,2-Dimethoxyethane in the Gas Phase Studied by Infrared Spectroscopy: Importance of an Intramolecular 1,5-CH···O Interaction
Authors: Yoshida Hiroshi , Tanaka Takeshi , Matsuura Hiroatsu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The gas-phase infrared spectra of 1,2-dimethoxyethane measured at various temperatures gave a value of 0.31 ± 0.04 kcal mol−1 for the energy difference between the trans–gauche–gauche′ and trans–trans–trans conformers, the latter being more stable. This value is in good agreement with the results of high-level ab initio calculations. The present experimental finding gives definitive evidence for the importance of an intramolecular 1,5-CH···O interaction in the stabilization of the trans–gauche–gauche′ conformer in the gas phase.
Aggregation of Synthetic Zinc Complexes of Cyclotetrapyrroles
Authors: Tamiaki Hitoshi , Kubota Takayuki , Tanikaga Rikuhei 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Zinc complexes of cyclotetrapyrroles possessing 31-hydroxyl and 131-keto carbonyl groups were prepared. The electronic and circular dichroism absorption spectra showed that these compounds self-aggregated in less polar organic solvents to form oligomers, which are good models for natural aggregates of bacteriochlorophyll-d in photosynthetic antennae.
Dinuclear Nickel(II) Complexes Containing a Dinucleating Ligand N,N,N′,N′-Tetrakis-[(1-ethyl-2-benzimidazolyl)methyl]-2-hydroxy-1,3-diaminopropane and an Acetate Ion
Authors: Nakao Yasuo , Mori Chikako , Mori Wasuke , Sakurai Takeshi , Matsumoto Keiji , Kimoto Hiroshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The dinuclear nickel(II) complexes [Ni2(L1)(OAc)(MeOH)2](ClO4)2·H2O·MeOH 1 and [Ni2(L1)(OAc)(H2O)2](ClO4)2 2 (HL1 = N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis[(1-ethyl-2-benzimidazolyl)methyl]-2-hydroxy-1,3-diaminopropane) were prepared. The complex 1 turns to 2 upon exposure to the air. The crystal structure of 1 and the magnetic and spectroscopic properties of 2 were determined.
Preparation, Structure and Properties of Mixed-Metal Trinuclear Complex: (Pr4N)2[MoO(WS4)2]
Authors: Takai Kyoko , Umakoshi Keisuke , Sasaki Yoichi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A mixed-metal trinuclear complex, (Pr4N)2[MoO(WS4)2], has been prepared for the first time in pure form and characterized by several physical methods, including X-ray crystallography.
FT-IR Spectra of the Azide-Type 3 Copper in Laccase and Ascorbate Oxidase
Authors: Sakurai Takeshi , Takahashi Junya , Huang Hong-wei 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The azide-treated laccase and ascorbate oxidase gave the asymmetric stretching bands (va) at 2056 and 2054 cm−1 in the FT-IR spectra, respectively.
Monolayers of Poly(ethylene oxide)-Bearing Lipids at Air-Water Interface
Authors: Rosilio Véronique , Albrecht Geneviéve , Baszkin Adam , Okumura Yukihisa , Sunamoto Junzo 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Monolayers of poly(ethylene oxide)-bearing lipids and their mixed monolayers with dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine at the air-water interface was investigated using surface pressure measurements. The surface pressure-area relationship revealed that the poly(ethylene oxide) moiety length significantly affected the interaction among the lipid molecules. This study provided a precise picture of the lipid membrane-water interface.
Syntheses and Structure of New Dinuclear Palladium(II) Complexes with 1,1,2,2-Tetraacetylethanate and β-Diketonate
Authors: Kobayashi Yumiko , Nagao Noriharu , Okeya Seichi , Fukuda Yutaka 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
[Pd2(hfac)2(μ-MeO)2] (1) (hfac− = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedionate) reacts with 1,1,2,2-tetraacetylethanediide (H2taet) to give a dinuclear mixed ligand complex [Pd2(taet)(hfac)2] (2) having bridging taet2− ligand. The terminal hfac− ligands in the dinuclear complex [Pd2(taet)(hfac)2] (2) are replaced easily by acac− to obtain [Pd2(taet)(acac)2] (3) (acac− = 2,4-pentanedionate). The structures of the two complexes obtained were determined by X-ray analysis.
Preparation of a Stable Sulfonato-Cobalt(III) Complex by Oxidation of a Sulfinato-O Complex
Authors: Murata Mayumi , Kojima Masaaki , Kita Masakazu , Kashino Setsuo , Yoshikawa Yuzo 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A stable sulfonato complex, [Co{OS(O)2CH2CH2NH2-O,N}(en)2]2+, was prepared upon oxidation of [Co{OS(O)CH2CH2NH2-O,N}(en)2]2+ in acid media. This sulfonato complex was resolved by SP-Sephadex column chromatography (eluent: 0.1 mol dm−3 Na2[Sb2{(+)-tartrate}2]). The absolute configuration of the slower eluted (−)589-isomer was determined to be Δ by the X-ray method.
Synthesis of Chiral Calix[4]resorcinarenes via Mono-O-henzylation. Complexation Behavior with a Chiral Trimethylammonium Compound
Authors: Konishi Hisatoshi , Tamura Takashi , Ohkubo Hiromichi , Kobayashi Kazuhiro , Morikawa Osamu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Chiral calix[4]resorcinarenes were prepared via mono-O-benzylation, and their conformational properties in solution were described. The complexation behavior of the heptahydroxy derivative with a chiral trimethylammonium compound in methanol was investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
Cl2 Gas Detection at Low Temperature Using the 0.97PbCl2-0.03KCl Solid Electrolyte Prepared by the Melting Method
Authors: Aono Hiromichi , Yamabayashi Ayako , Sugimoto Eisuke , Mori Yoshiaki , Sadaoka Yashihiko 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A Cl2 gas sensor with a 0.97PbCl2-0.03KCl solid electrolyte and a Pb reference electrode was prepared by a melting mehtod using an evacuated closed tube. The electromotive force (EMF) measured at 573 K agreed with the calculated value for Cl2 gas concentrations from 10 ppm to 1000 ppm. The response time was long when the operating temperature is lower than 473 K.
Selective Synthesis of Tungsten(VI) Mono(catecholato) Complexes Using 1,2-Bis(trimethylsiloxy)benzenes: Molecular Structure of WCl4(O2C6H4)
Authors: Nakayama Yuushou , Saito Hideo , Nakamura Akira 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Reaction of tungsten hexachloride with 1,2-bis(trimethylsiloxy)benzenes (1) selectively gives mono(catecholato)tetrachlorotungsten(VI) complexes, WCl4(O2-1,2-C6H3R-4) (2a: R = H; 2b: R = Me; 2c: R = But). 1H NMR spectra of these complexes show significant upfield shifts of signals of aromatic protons. The distorted octahedral geometry of 2a was revealed by X-ray crystallography.
Oxidation and Thermolysis of a Stable Germaketenedithioacetal Derivative
Authors: Kishikawa Kuniyuki , Tokitoh Norihiro , Okazaki Renji 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The reaction of germaketenedithioacetal 2 with oxygen gave 1,3,2-dithiagermetan-4-one 4 and dihydroxygermane 6, suggesting the initial formation of a 1,2,3-dioxagermetane intermediate 3 followed by its dissociation into 4 and germanone 5. Compound 2 underwent ready thermal dissociation into carbon disulfide and the corresponding germylene 1, the efficient formation of which was evidenced by a trapping experiment with 2,3,-dimethyl-1,3,-butadiene.
Mesogenic Properties of Tricyclic 2,5-Di(4-alkoxybenzoyloxy)tropones. Increasing Smectic Thermal Stabilities by the Lateral Polar Carbonyl Group
Authors: Mori Akira , Taya Hisashi , Uchida Minoru , Takeshita Hitoshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
2,5-Di(4-alkoxybenzoyloxy)tropones showed similar mesogenic properties to the corresponding benzenoids. The tropone carbonyl group, which behaved as a polar lateral substituent, enhanced the thermal stability of the smectic phases and reduced that of the nematic phases when compared with those of the benzenoids. The tropone carbonyl group induced an intermolecular attractive force.
Alkyllithium-Mediated Anomalous Trimerization of 2,6-Xylyl Isocyanide
Authors: Murakami Masahiro , Ito Hajime , Ito Yoshihiko 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The reaction of alkyllithium with 2,6-xylyl isocyanide led to the trimerization of the isocyanide to afford an indole derivative. The anomalous reaction pattern provided inference about the structural features of the intermediate organolithium species.
Remarkable Rate Enhancement Effect of the o-Methoxy Group in the Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions at the Phosphorus of Phosphine–Boranes
Authors: Imamoto Tsuneo , Tsuruta Hideyuki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A remarkable rate enhancement effect of the o-methoxy group is observed in the nucleophilic substitution reactions at the phosphorus of phosphine–boranes.
Formation of a DNA/polygalactosamine Complex and Its Interaction with Cells
Authors: Sato Toshinori , Shirakawa Nobuaki , Nishi Hirotaka , Okahata Yoshio 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
DNA complexes with naturally occurring polysaccharides, polygalactosamine or chitosan, were formed in water. Thermal profiles, CD spectrum, zeta-potentials, and cell uptake were investigated. The DNA/polygalactosamine complex showed higher cell uptake than DNA/chitosan complex did.
Multi-Site Binding of Aqueous Dipeptides by Mixed Monolayers at the Air-Water Interface
Authors: Cha Xiao , Ariga Katsuhiko , Kunitake Toyoki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Aqueous dipeptides are bound to two-component monolayers which contain oligopeptide polar units together with benzoic acid or pyridine head groups. Binding of guest dipeptides to the mixed monolayers depends specifically on the nature of interfacial cavities which can be controlled by combination of polar head groups. The binding ratio is lessened with increasing sizes of the side chain of the Y residue in the Gly-Y dipeptide moiety of the host amphiphiles.
Selective Transport of Saccharides through a Bulk Liquid Membrane Using Reversed Micelle Carriers
Authors: Kida Toshiyuki , Furue Daisuke , Masuyama Araki , Nakatsuji Yohji , Ikeda Isao 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
d-Ribose was selectively transported from a mixture of d-ribose, d-glucose, and d-fructose through a bulk liquid membrane including reversed micelles. Among amphiphiles examined in this study, a gluconamide-type amphiphile was found to form the best carrier from the point of both the selectivity and the velocity.
Elucidation of Sulfur Behavior on Alumina-Supported Ruthenium Sulfide-Cesium Catalysts Using Radioactive 35S as a Tracer
Authors: Ishihara Atsushi , Yamaguchi Masato , Godo Hideki , Qian Weihua , Godo Masazumi , Kabe Toshiaki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
In hydrodesulfurization of 35S-labeled dibenzothiophene over alumina-supported ruthenium sulfide-cesium catalysts, the role of cesium was elucidated by tracing the behavior of 35S on the working ruthenium catalysts; the addition of cesium increased the catalytic activity by strengthening Ru-S bonds of ruthenium sulfide. It is suggested that there is an optimum Ru-S bond strength to obtain the high catalytic activity.
Oxidative Synthesis of Higher Hydrocarbons from CO2 and CH4 by Streamer Discharges
Authors: Liu Changjun 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
An experimental investigation on oxidative synthesis of ethane and ethylene from CH4 using CO2 as an oxidant has been performed by streamer discharge reactions, which are initiated by an AC electric field. This gas discharge promotes the methane conversion to reach a high yield of C2 hydrocarbons of 20%∼45% with a methane conversion of 25%∼80% and a conversion of carbon dioxide of 8%∼40%. The reactions for these conversions are: 2CH4 + CO2 → C2H6 + CO + H2O and 2CH4 + 2CO2 → C2H4 + 2CO + 2 H2O. A possible pathway of C2 formation was also present in this letter.
Supported Gold Catalysts Derived from Gold Complexes and As-Precipitated Metal Hydroxides, Highly Active for Low-Temperature CO Oxidation
Authors: Yuan Youzhu , Asakura Kiyotaka , Wan Huilin , Tsai Khirui , Iwasawa Yasuhiro 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Supported gold catalysts were prepared by attaching phosphine-stabilized gold complex and cluster on as-precipitated metal hydroxides M(OH)*X (M = Mn2+, Co2+, Fe3+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Mg2+, and Cu2+), followed by thermal decomposition and calcination. The obtained catalysts were remarkably active for CO oxidation at low temperatures below 273 K.
Some Mechanistic Evidence for an Oxygen Transfer Reaction Accompanied by the Redox-Induced Nitrito-Nitro Linkage Isomerization of Ruthenium Complex Having Nitrosyl, cis-[Ru(NO)(X)(bpy)2]2+ (X = ONO, NO2)
Authors: Ooyama Dai , Nagao Hirotaka , Nagao Noriharu , Howell F Scott , Mukaida Masao 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
An oxygen transfer between the NO and the ONO ligands occurs in cis-[Ru(NO)(ONO)(bpy)2]2+ when the complex undergoes a redox-induced nitrito-to-nitro linkage isomerization. Such an oxygen transfer does not occur in a themally-induced linkage isomerization reported previously.
Control of Adsorption by Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Kobayashi Satoru , Kim Yoon-Kab , Kenmizaki Chihiro , Kushiyama Satoshi , Mizuno Koichi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The process of gas adsorption is controlled only by temperature and pressure. When these parameters are fixed, the adsorption capability and selectivity cannot be changed. The microwave has characteristics to excite particular components such as water without destroying it. Thus, using microwaves, we have studied the adsorption of CFCs on zeolite from gas mixtures containing water which interferes with the adsoption. It was found that CFCs adsorption improved outstandingly when adsorption was conducted under microwave irradiation.
Synthesis and Structural Studies of Dinuclear Carbonyl Ruthenium(II) Complexes Containing Pyridine-2,6-diyl-2-acetyl-6-methyl Group as an η2(C,N):η1(C)-Bridging Ligand
Authors: Shimizu Mayumi , Nakamura Yukio , Tadokoro Makoto 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Three new dinuclear ruthenium(II) complexes bridged by a pyridine-2,6-diyl-2-acetyl-6-methyl group were prepared by thermal reaction of 2,6-bis(chloromethyl)pyridine with [Ru3(CO)12] followed by reactions with methanol and triphenylphosphine, respectively, and the crystal structures of two of them were determined by X-ray analyses.
Synthesis and Properties of Chiral Calixarene Analogs Bridged by a (R,R)-Cystine Unit
Authors: Ito Kazuaki , Ohba Yoshihiro , Sone Tyo 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The chiral calixarene analogs bridged by a (R,R)-cystine unit were synthesized. NMR studies reveal that the phenol-formaldehyde moieties of the macrocycles adopt a chiral helical geometry induced by the cystine bridge and the macrocycles form a twisted concave. This helicity is enhanced at low temperature.
Wave Packet Simulation on the Cage Effect in the Full Scattering : CF3H + Ar(3P) → CF3* + H + Ar
Authors: Takahashi Hideaki , Kasai Toshio , Yamaguchi Kizashi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The orientation-dependent wave packet dynamics was investigated for the dissociative energy transfer reaction : CF3H + Ar(3P) → CF3* + H + Ar. Wave packets were propagated numerically by the Chebychev scheme recently developed by Kosloff et al. The calculation was done for the two orientations of CF3H, one is the H-end orientation and another is the CF3-end orientation under the collinear geometry. The results showed clear orientation dependence in the dissociation process. The H-end orientation seems to give a quantum effect, while the CF3-end does not.
Preparation of Poly(β-malic acid) by Enzymatic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Benzyl β-Malolactonate
Authors: Matsumura Shuichi , Beppu Hideki , Nakamura Kazuhiro , Osanai Shuichi , Toshima Kazunobu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Poly(β-malic acid) was prepared by lipase-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of benzyl β-malolactonate with subsequent debenzylation. Benzyl β-malolactonate was readily polymerized by porcine pancreatic lipase or Novozyme 435 lipase at 60 °C to yield poly(benzyl β-malate) having a molecular weight of greater than 7000.
Gel to Liquid Crystal Phase Transition of Black Lipid Films in Air as Studied by FT-IR Spectroscopy
Authors: Tano Takanori , Umemura Junzo 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
FT-IR spectra of black lipid films formed by dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) in air were recorded at various temperatures for the first time. Black lipid films drawn from a DMPC aqueous dispersion and a DMPC + 0.1 MCaCl2 aqueous dispersion showed the gel to liquid crystal phase transition at about 24 and 27 °C, respectively.
Enantioselective Synthesis and Absolute Configuration of (+)-Cubitene
Authors: Kodama Mitsuaki , Maeda Hana , Hioki Hideaki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Enantioselective synthesis of (+)-(8R,10R)-cubitene has been achieved starting from d-mannitol and the absolute configuration of natural cubitene isolated from termites has been determined to be 8R, 10R.
Diarylethene Modified Electrode Device. Photoswitching of the Electron Transfer of a Diarylethene with Long Alkyl Chains Embedded in a Lipid Cast Film on an Electrode
Authors: Nakashima Naotoshi , Deguchi Yonekazu , Nakanishi Takashi , Uchida Kingo , Irie Masahiro 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
An electroactive diarylethene compound, 1 was synthesized and was embedded in a cast film of a lipid film on an electrode. This electrode device was found to possess a light-triggered optical and electrochemical switching function.
Highly Selective Formation of 2-Aminophenoxazin-3-one by Catalytic Oxygenation of o-Aminophenol
Authors: Maruyama Kazushige , Moriguchi Takesi , Mashino Takahiro , Nishinaga Akira 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
2-Aminophenol readily undergoes highly selective Co(salen) catalyzed oxygenation in methanol at room temperature resulting unexpectedly in the quantitative formation of 2-Aminophenoxazin-3-one. The oxygenation of substituted 2-aminophenols provides useful information to discuss the reaction path.
Ordered Self-Assembly of Nanosize Polystyrene Aggregates on Mica
Authors: Karthaus Olaf , Ijiro Kuniharu , Shimomura Masatsugu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The formation of ordered patterns of nanosize polystyrene aggregates was observed by atomic force scopy. The samples were prepared by simply rinsing a mica surface with a dilute polymer solution in benzene.
N,N-Dialkylation of Aminocarbene Complexes under Phase-Transfer Conditions
Authors: Zhao Li , Matsuyama Haruo , Iyoda Masahiko 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The reaction of amide anions derived from aminocarbene complexes with alkyl halides under phase-transfer conditions has been investigated. The reaction of aminocarbene complexes of chromium and tungsten with α,ω-dihaloalkanes in the presence of sodium hydroxide and tetrabutylammonium bromide in dichloromethane-water produces azetidine, pyrrolidine, hexamethyleneimine and dihydroisoindole derivatives in moderate to good yields.
Effective Hydrocracking of 4,6-Dimethyldibenzothiophene Catalyzed by Palladium- and Nickel-Co-Loaded Y-type Zeolite
Authors: Kaneda Kazuyoshi , Wada Takema , Murata Satoru , Nomura Masakatsu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Palladium- and nickel-co-loaded Y-type zeolite was examined for the catalyst of hydrocracking of 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene at 320–340 °C for 1–2 h under 70 kg/cm2 of an H2 pressure. Under the conditions, 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene was almost completely converted to gases (C2-C4), benzene and cyclohexane derivatives, and H2S.
Stepwise Adsorption of Metal Alkoxides on Hydrolyzed Surfaces : A Surface Sol-Gel Process
Authors: Ichinose Izumi , Senzu Hiroyuki , Kunitake Toyoki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Ultrathin films of TiO2-based gel were prepared by repeating adsorption of titanium(IV) butoxide (Ti(O-nBu)4) and subsequent hydrolysis of the surface. Linear film growth was observed for at least 20 cycles, as monitored by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Similar thin films were prepared from aluminum(III) butoxide (Al(O-nBu)3), zirconium (IV) propoxide (Zr(O-nPr)4), niobium(V) butoxide (Nb(O-nBu)5), tetramethyl orthosilicate (Si(O-Me)4), and their combinations.
A New Anion Receptor Based on (Trisubstituted cyclopentadienyl)ruthenium(II) Complexes
Authors: Uno Mitsunari , Takahashi Shigetoshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
New cationic (trisubstituted cyclopentadienyl)(cymene)ruthenium(II) complexes were prepared and shown to form host-guest complexes with various anions, providing the first examples of the anion receptors based on cationic ruthenium complexes.
Bissilyl Ketone; A Convenient Method for the Synthesis and Its Pd(0) Catalyzed Reaction with Alkenes and Alkynes
Authors: Sakurai Hidehiro , Yamane Motoki , Iwata Masahiro , Saito Nobuo , Narasaka Koichi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A convenient method for the preparation of a bissilyl ketone is developed via a bissilyl ketone acetal as its percursor. The bissilyl ketone reacts with electron deficient alkynes and alkenes in the presence of Pd(0) catalyst to give bis-silylated products.
Chemoselectivity in the Intramolecular Aza-Wittig Reaction of N-[2-(Trisubstituted-phosphoranylidene)aminobenzoyl]-2-pyridone-5-carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Okawa Tomohiro , Sugimori Toshiyuki , Eguchi Shoji , Kakehi Akikazu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The intramolecular aza-Wittig reaction of (5S)-N-[2-(trisubstituted-phosphoranylidene)aminobenzoyl]-2-pyridone-5-carboxylic acid derivatives chemoselectively gave 5-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepinone derivatives or 5(1H)-pyrrolo[2,1-b]quinazolinone derivatives depending on the substituents.
Highly Stereoselective Chelation-Controlled Allylation and Deuteration of α-Chiral α,α′-Dialkoxy Radicals
Authors: Nagano Hajime , Azuma Yukiko 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Diastereoselectivity in the radical mediated allylation and deuteration reactions of β-chiral β-alkoxy-α-bromoaldehyde dimethyl acetals and a relaed alkoxy bromide were remarkably enhanced when the reactions were conducted in the presence of Lewis acid (MgBr2·OEt2 for allylation; MgI2 for deuteration).
Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Property of Heterocyclic Pyridinium Betaine Dispersed in Poly(methyl methacrylate)
Authors: Nemoto Nobukatsu , Abe Jiro , Miyata Fusae , Hasegawa Makoto , Shirai Yasuo , Nagase Yu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A new class of second-order nonlinear optical meterial: 2-[1-(4-butylpyridinio)]benzimidazolate dispersed in poly(methyl methacrylate) was investigated by the Maker fringe method using a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm), indicating that the poled film exhibited the second-order nonlinear optical coefficient, d33, of 1.8 ± 0.2 pm V−1.
Atomic Force Microscopic Observation of Random Molecular Arrangement in Dialkyl Guanidinium Monolayer
Authors: Oishi Yushi , Kato Takayuki , Kuramori Miyuki , Suehiro Kazuaki , Ariga Katsuhiko , Kamino Ayumi , Koyano Hiroshi , Kunitake Toyoki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Molecular arrangement in an amorphous monolayer which was prepared on pure water at 293 K and transferred onto a mica substrate, was successfully observed for the first time with an atomic force microscope (AFM) in the case of dialkyl guanidinium, DG.
Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals Having a Chiral Ring Structure
Authors: Kusumoto Tetsuo , Ogino Kumiko , Hiyama Tamejiro , Isozaki Tadaaki , Suzuki Yoshiichi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Liquid crystalline compound having a chiral trans-2-pentylcyclopentyl ester group exhibited stable antiferroelectric chiral smectic C phase whereas its cis isomer showed an unidentified smectic phase.