bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acquisition of speech, pre‐ and post‐cochlear implantation: longitudinal studies of a congenitally deaf infant
Authors: Robinshaw Helen M. 
Published: November 2007

ABSTRACTSThis paper details the process of speech acquisition by the first British, congenitally deaf infant (without additional handicaps) to be fitted with a multi‐channel cochlear implant. The infant's phonologic and phonetic level development using, firstly, acoustic hearing aids and, secondly, a cochlear implant, is thoroughly detailed by use of video‐ and audio‐recorded data, taken at weekly intervals and across a variety of contexts. The paper examines the benefit of early implantation for spoken language development and notes the utility of Ling's model of speech acquisition for the habilitation of young, congenitally deaf implant recipients.L’ article décrit en détail le processus d'acquisition du langage par le premier enfant britannique sourd congénital qui a reçu un implant cochléaire à canaux multiples. L'enfant ne souffrait d'aucun handicap supplémentaire. Des enregistrements sonores et sur vidéos faits chaque semaine et recouvrant tout un ensemble de contextes ont permis de décrire point par point son développement phonétique et phonologique, au début grâce à des appareils acoustiques et ensuite grâce à l'implant cochléaire. L'article analyse l'avantage qu'il y a à procéder très tòt à des implants pour assurer le développement de la parole, et il examine l'utilité du modele de Ling de l'acquisition du langage pour l'habilitation de jeunes sourds congénitaux qui reçoivent des implants.Dieser Aufsatz beschreibt den Spracherwerbsprozeß des ersten britischen, gehörlos geborenen Kindes (ohne weitere Behinderungen), das ein mehrkanaliges Cochlearimplantat belommen hat. Die phonetische und phonologische Entwicklung des Kindes, zunächst mit akustischen Hörgeräten, dann mit Cochlearimplantat, wird anhand von Video‐ und Audioaufzeichnungen, die in Abständen von einer Woche in einer Vielzahl underschiedlicher Kontexte gemacht wurden, eingehend dargelegt. Die Vorteile früher Implantation für die Sprechentwicklung und der Nutzen von Lings Spracherwerbsmodell für die Habilitation junger kongenital gehörloser Implantatsempfänger werden erörtert.
Use of the Arizona Battery for Communication Disorders of Dementia in the UK
Authors: Armstrong Linda , Borthwick Sheena E. , Bayles Kathryn A. , Tomoeda Cheryl K. 
Published: November 2007

ABSTRACTSThe Arizona Battery for Communication Disorders of Dementia (ABCD) (Bayles & Tomoeda, 1993) was given to groups of young and old normal subjects and to subjects with moderate Alzheimer's disease in the UK. Very few significant differences were found between their raw scores and those of the original standardisation sample in the USA, which makes the ABCD an appropriate test to use in the UK. Although some subjects commented on several of the test stimuli, cultural differences in pictures and vocabulary did not produce notable effects on test performance and so alterations to test materials are not required for the test to be used in the UK.La Batterie de Tests de l'Arizona pour les Troubles de le Communication (sigle anglais: ABCD) (Bayles & Tomoeda, 1993) a été administrée en Grande‐Bretagne à des sujets normaux jeunes et vieux, ainsi qu'à des sujets atteints modérément de la Maladie d'Alzheimer. L'on a trouvé très peu de différences significatives entre leurs niveaux bruts de performances et ceux de l'échantillon de standardisation originel provenant des Etats‐Unis, ce qui démontre que l'ABCD peut très bien s'utiliser en Grande‐Bretagne. Meme si certains sujets ont fait des réflexions sur quelques stimuli du test, les différences culturelles concernant les images et le vocabulaire n'ont pas produit d'effets notables sur les résultats, de sorte que l'on n'a pas besoin de modifier les matériaux du test pour l'utiliser en Grande‐Bretagne.The Arizona Battery for Communication Disorders of Dementia (ABCD) wurde in Großbritannien bei Gruppen von jungen und alten Normalpersonen und bei Personen mit mittelschwerer Alzheimererkrankung angewandt. Sehr wenige signifikante Unterschiede wurden zwischen diesen Rohdaten und denen der ursprünglichen Standardisierungsstichproben in den USA gefunden. Dieses Ergebnis bestätigt, daß die ABCD ein für Großbritannien geeigneter Test ist. Während einige Personen Bemerkungen über mehrere Teststimuli machten, hatten kulturelle Unterschiede in den‐Bildern und im Wortschatz keine bemerkenswerten Folgen für die Testleistung. Deshalb sind Veränderungen der Testmaterialien für den Einsatz in Großbritannien nicht erforderlich.
Singers' and non‐singers' vocal health, vocal behaviours, and attitudes towards voice and singing: indirect findings from a questionnaire
Authors: Sapir Shimon , Mathers‐Schmidt Barbara , Larson George W. 
Published: November 2007

ABSTRACTSA vocal health questionnaire was administered in three locations in the USA to female university singers and non‐singers. The responses of 70 singers and 89 non‐singers were analysed. The questionnaire solicited background information as well as information about vocal health and symptoms, vocally abusive speech habits, attitudes toward singing and vocal health, feelings about the voice, and general affective/dysphoric tendencies. There were marked, sometimes diametric, differences between singers' and non‐singers' responses, attesting to the unique attitude and heightened sensivity and concern of singers regarding voice, singing and vocal health.Un questionnaire sur l'état de leur Système vocal a été administré dans trois sites universitaires américains à des femmes universitaires, dont certaines chantaient et d'autres ne chantaient pas. L'on a analysé les réponses de 70 des premières et 89 des secondes. Les questions portaient sur leurs antécédents, et également sur l'état de leur voix, leurs symptômes vocaux, leurs habitudes néfastes pour leur voix, leurs attitudes envers le chant et la santé vocale, leurs sentiments à propos de la voix, et leurs tendances générates affectives/dysphoriques. Des différences marquées, parfois diamétralement opposées sont apparues entre les réponses de celles qui chantaient et celles qui ne chantaient pas, ce qui atteste de l'attitude particulière des premières, et de leur sensibilité accrue envers la voix, le chant et l'état de leurs cordes vocales.Ein Fragebogen zur Stimmhygiene wurde an drei Orten in den USA einerseits an Gesangsstudentinnen und andererseits an Studentinnen anderer Fächer verteilt. Der Fragebogen zielte auf Basisinformation und auf Information zur Stimmgesundheit und Symptome, zu stimmschädigenden Sprechgewohnheiten, zur Haltung gegenüber dem Singen und der Stimmgesundheit, zu Gefühlen über die Stimme und zu allgemeinen affektiven/dysphärischen Tendenzen. Es zeigten sich klare, manchmal diametrale Gegensätze zwischen den Antworten der Sängerinnen und der Nicht‐Sängerinnen, die von der einzigartigen Haltung und der erhöten Sensitivität und Sorge von Sängerinnen bezüglich der Stimme, des Singens und der Stimmgesundheit zeugen.
Chronic pulmonary thromboembolism in a patient with a fontan circulation: Percutaneous management
Authors: Dehghani Payam , Collins Nicholas , Horlick Eric , Benson Lee 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChronic pulmonary embolism is a common complication in patients with Fontan circulations. When anticoagulation is ineffective and surgery is contraindicated, percutaneous techniques may be considered. The authors report the first case of successful catheter intervention in a 30‐year‐old woman with a Fontan circulation who presented with NYHA class IV symptoms and chronic and complete obstruction of her left pulmonary artery. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preparation of combined extract of cell wall and cytosol antigens of Candida albicans for immunoblot analysis
Authors: Dojnov Biljana , Božić Nataša , Bulajić Nina , Vujčić Zoran 
Published: November 2007

AbstractImmunoblot analysis is not in wide use for diagnosis of invasive candidiasis, mostly because the procedure is not standardized and hence not reliable. This work describes a standardized method for C. albicans antigen extract preparation and immunochemical detection. The major improvement of the method is the preparation of combined antigen extract—consisting of the cell wall and cytosol antigens. The fungal cells and lysis buffer were mixed at a 1:3 ratio and disintegrated by ultrasound for six cycles of one minute each. After centrifugation, cytosol antigens were obtained in the supernatant and cell wall antigens were in the precipitate. Precipitate was dissolved in lysis buffer with 2% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and boiled at 100°C for 2 min. After centrifugation, the supernatant was combined with the previous one, so the extract of the combined antigens was obtained in the mixture. With those combined antigen extracts and with sera of three different groups of patients, immunoblot analysis showed sensitivity of 90.2%, specificity of 84.4%, and accuracy of 88.0%. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 21:406–412, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multi-RELIEF: a method to recognize specificity determining residues from multiple sequence alignments using a Machine-Learning approach for feature weighting
Authors: Ye Kai , Anton Feenstra K. , Heringa Jaap , IJzerman Adriaan P. , Marchiori Elena 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Motivation: Identification of residues that account for protein function specificity is crucial, not only for understanding the nature of functional specificity, but also for protein engineering experiments aimed at switching the specificity of an enzyme, regulator or transporter. Available algorithms generally use multiple sequence alignments to identify residue positions conserved within subfamilies but divergent in between. However, many biological examples show a much subtler picture than simple intra-group conservation versus inter-group divergence.
Results: We present multi-RELIEF, a novel approach for identifying specificity residues that is based on RELIEF, a state-of-the-art Machine-Learning technique for feature weighting. It estimates the expected ‘local’ functional specificity of residues from an alignment divided in multiple classes. Optionally, 3D structure information is exploited by increasing the weight of residues that have high-weight neighbors. Using ROC curves over a large body of experimental reference data, we show that (a) multi-RELIEF identifies specificity residues for the seven test sets used, (b) incorporating structural information improves prediction for specificity of interaction with small molecules and (c) comparison of multi-RELIEF with four other state-of-the-art algorithms indicates its robustness and best overall performance.
Availability: A web-server implementation of multi-RELIEF is available at www.ibi.vu.nl/programs/multirelief. Matlab source code of the algorithm and data sets are available on request for academic use.
Contact: elena@few.vu.nl
Supplementary information: Supplemenmtary data are available at Bioinformatics online
Estimation of an in vivo fitness landscape experienced by HIV-1 under drug selective pressure useful for prediction of drug resistance evolution during treatment
Authors: Deforche K. , Camacho R. , Van Laethem K. , Lemey P. , Rambaut A. , Moreau Y. , Vandamme A.-M. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Motivation: HIV-1 antiviral resistance is a major cause of antiviral treatment failure. The in vivo fitness landscape experienced by the virus in presence of treatment could in principle be used to determine both the susceptibility of the virus to the treatment and the genetic barrier to resistance. We propose a method to estimate this fitness landscape from cross-sectional clinical genetic sequence data of different subtypes, by reverse engineering the required selective pressure for HIV-1 sequences obtained from treatment naive patients, to evolve towards sequences obtained from treated patients. The method was evaluated for recovering 10 random fictive selective pressures in simulation experiments, and for modeling the selective pressure under treatment with the protease inhibitor nelfinavir.
Results: The estimated fitness function under nelfinavir treatment considered fitness contributions of 114 mutations at 48 sites. Estimated fitness correlated significantly with the in vitro resistance phenotype in 519 matched genotype-phenotype pairs (R2 = 0.47 (0.41 − 0.54)) and variation in predicted evolution under nelfinavir selective pressure correlated significantly with observed in vivo evolution during nelfinavir treatment for 39 mutations (with FDR = 0.05).
Availability: The software is available on request from the authors, and data sets are available from http://jose.med.kuleuven.be/∼kdforc0/nfv-fitness-data/.
Contact: annemie.vandamme@uz.kuleuven.be
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Computational epigenetics
Authors: Bock Christoph , Lengauer Thomas 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Epigenetic research aims to understand heritable gene regulation that is not directly encoded in the DNA sequence. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and histone modifications modulate the packaging of the DNA in the nucleus and thereby influence gene expression. Patterns of epigenetic information are faithfully propagated over multiple cell divisions, which makes epigenetic regulation a key mechanism for cellular differentiation and cell fate decisions. In addition, incomplete erasure of epigenetic information can lead to complex patterns of non-Mendelian inheritance. Stochastic and environment-induced epigenetic defects are known to play a major role in cancer and ageing, and they may also contribute to mental disorders and autoimmune diseases. Recent technical advances such as ChIP-on-chip and ChIP-seq have started to convert epigenetic research into a high-throughput endeavor, to which bioinformatics is expected to make significant contributions. Here, we review pioneering computational studies that have contributed to epigenetic research. In addition, we give a brief introduction into epigenetics—targeted at bioinformaticians who are new to the field—and we outline future challenges in computational epigenetics.
Contact: cbock@mpi-inf.mpg.de
KUTE-BASE: storing, downloading and exporting MIAME-compliant microarray experiments in minutes rather than hours
Authors: Draghici Sorin , Tarca Adi L. , Yu Longfei , Ethier Stephen , Romero Roberto 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Motivation: The BioArray Software Environment (BASE) is a very popular MIAME-compliant, web-based microarray data repository. However in BASE, like in most other microarray data repositories, the experiment annotation and raw data uploading can be very timeconsuming, especially for large microarray experiments.
Results: We developed KUTE (Karmanos Universal daTabase for microarray Experiments), as a plug-in for BASE 2.0 that addresses these issues. KUTE provides an automatic experiment annotation feature and a completely redesigned data work-flow that dramatically reduce the human–computer interaction time. For instance, in BASE 2.0 a typical Affymetrix experiment involving 100 arrays required 4 h 30 min of user interaction time forexperiment annotation, and 45 min for data upload/download. In contrast, for the same experiment, KUTE required only 28 min of user interaction time for experiment annotation, and 3.3 min for data upload/download.
Availability: http://vortex.cs.wayne.edu/kute/index.html
Contact: sod@cs.wayne.edu
Recurrent Deletions of Puroindoline Genes at the GrainHardnessLocus in Four Independent Lineages of Polyploid Wheat
Authors: Li Wanlong , Huang Li , Gill Bikram S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPolyploidy is known to induce numerous genetic and epigenetic changes but little is known about their physiological bases. In wheat, grain texture is mainly determined by the Hardness (Ha) locus consisting of genes Puroindoline a (Pina) and b (Pinb). These genes are conserved in diploid progenitors but were deleted from the A and B genomes of tetraploid Triticum turgidum (AB). We now report the recurrent deletions of Pina-Pinb in other lineages of polyploid wheat. We analyzed the Ha haplotype structure in 90 diploid and 300 polyploid accessions of Triticum and Aegilops spp. Pin genes were conserved in all diploid species and deletion haplotypes were detected in all polyploid Triticum and most of the polyploid Aegilops spp. Two Pina-Pinb deletion haplotypes were found in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum; ABD). Pina and Pinb were eliminated from the G genome, but maintained in the A genome of tetraploid Triticum timopheevii (AG). Subsequently, Pina and Pinb were deleted from the A genome but retained in the Am genome of hexaploid Triticum zhukovskyi (AmAG). Comparison of deletion breakpoints demonstrated that the Pina-Pinb deletion occurred independently and recurrently in the four polyploid wheat species. The implications of Pina-Pinb deletions for polyploid-driven evolution of gene and genome and its possible physiological significance are discussed.
Defects and rework in new build: an analysis of the phenomenon and drivers
Authors: Sommerville James 
Published: November 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to look at the continued media attention surrounding defects, and the resulting “rework”, in new build projects, especially homes.Design/methodology/approachThis paper evaluates the literature on defects and rework in new build projects, with an emphasis on housing, and identifies a number of issues within the underlying research agenda.FindingsSuggestions are put forward as to how predictor models may be focused to drive impetus for the development of a greater number of analytical tools which industry participants can use to characterize, model, evaluate and inform, decisions about defects and rework.Research limitations/implicationsThe house‐building segment of the construction industry is important since it is clearly outward facing and monitored by a range of interested stakeholders. The findings of this study will hopefully provide impetus to the search for alternative approaches to be taken to the elimination or reduction in new house defects.Originality/valueThere is a lack of information on defects and rework management models that the industry may utilize when considering how to minimize the occurrence and impact of defects and rework on future developments. As such, there is a need for a model(s) and approach(es) which help to eliminate or mitigate the underlying characteristics of defects and rework. In particular, there is relatively little research on defects and rework that focuses specifically on measurement and modelling and reduction in new housing.
Understanding Gandhian dialectics
Authors: Ghosh B.N. 
Published: November 2007

PurposeThe aim of the present paper is to deal with a conceptual category. The basic purpose of this paper is to lay bare the meaning and implications of Gandhian dialectics.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis of the paper is somewhat abstract and depends on the metaphysical approach that deals with philosophical issues.FindingsGandhian dialectics can be interpreted in at least six different senses, and in many ways, is found to be well comparable with many aspects of dialectics that are used in the contemporary Marxist political economy.Originality/valueNever before the concept of Gandhian dialectics has been elaborated by any researcher. Gandhian political economy applies implicitly the dialectical method in the analysis of social interactions and change.
Political correctness and the economics of higher education
Authors: Block Walter , Dauterive Jerry 
Published: November 2007

PurposeIt is the contention of this paper that the state of siege on the part of students against academics and administrators of the 1960s has been replaced by one led by university administrators who are now waging a war of “political correctness” against students and faculty. These administrators were in large part the radicals of the 1960s. The present paper attempts to analyze the effects of government involvement in this industry on this phenomenon and the role of free speech rights in the presence and absence of marketplace considerations.Design/methodology/approachDiscusses political correctness and the economics of higher education.FindingsThe contention is that competition brings about a better product at a lower price, and that the educational sector is no exception to this general rule. If free enterprise were allowed to operate in this context, much of these difficulties would disappear.Originality/valueThe paper offers insights into today's higher education industry and how economic analysis can explain the current “state of siege” on university campuses.
Navigating trans‐atlantic deals: warranties, disclosure and material adverse change
Authors: Phillips John , Runnicles Julian , Schwartz Jeffery 
Published: November 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore certain remaining differences in the underlying legal considerations and the differing customs and practices of US and UK mergers and acquisitions in relation to certain issues.Design/methodology/approachA review was undertaken of the leading cases in the UK and various states of the USA and custom and practice in the UK and USA, in each case in relation to the following areas: representations and warranties; disclosure; the effect of the buyer's knowledge; repetition of warranties/representations; and material adverse change.FindingsAlthough the historical differences between UK and US mergers and acquisitions are diminishing as the frequency of trans‐atlantic transactions increases, there remain certain variances which have important implications for the allocation of risk between a buyer and seller in any trans‐atlantic merger or acquisition.Originality/valueThis paper is useful for professional advisers acting in connection with a trans‐atlantic merger or acquisition and for buyers and sellers contemplating such transactions.
Financial Ombudsman's statutory powers
Authors: Gray Joanna 
Published: November 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to report and comment on a successful High Court challenge by financial advisory firms via the financial Ombudsman.Design/methodology/approachThe paper's approach is to outline the facts and explain the decision.FindingsAlthough the industry will welcome this decision, the FSA and the Ombudsman may not and the comments made by Mr Justice Lewison recognise what may be an eternal tension between “regulatory” redress schemes in the financial services industry and the courts and the common law.Originality/valueThe paper provides a useful commentary on a decision that has some considerable significance to the financial services industry.