bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appropriateness of The Use of Tuberculosis Screening Guideline at Care and Treatment Clinic Mnazi Mmoja Hospital Zanzibar
Authors: RASHID RASHID MAULID 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Detection of Tuberculosis Case (TB) in Tanzania continue to be lower to the World Health Organization (WHO) target, Although Tanzania use TB Guidelines to detect TB patients, the validity of the use and appropriateness of information filled has not well assessed. Therefore, this study explored the appropriateness with completeness of the use of TB guideline for TB screening patients.
Objective
To assess the appropriateness of the use of TB guideline for TB case detection at Care and Treatment Clinic Mnazi Mmoja Hospital (MMH) Zanzibar.
Methods
A cross-sectional descriptive design was employed using quantitative data collection approaches. Documentary review guide (extraction form and Kobo data collect from) was used to collect 426 CTC patient files through random generator software, in MMH CTC. The data were managed by SPSS 22 version and analyzed by using STATA 14.1 version.
Result
A total of 408 patient files at CTC MMH were included. Among them, 284(69%) were females, 124(30.4%) males, 9 (2.2%) children less than five years old and 399(9.8%)children five years old and older. 50.00% are overall appropriate questionnaire filling which is not significant, 31.13% moderately appropriate filling and 18.87% inappropriate filling.
Conclusions
The TB screening questionnaires appropriately filled were not significant. Healthcare practitioners should be regularly completed aware, trained on how to fill the TB diagnostic tools as well supervised on how to improve the quality of TB diagnostic information.
Using a Person-centred model of Lean Six Sigma to support process improvement within a paediatric primary eye care clinic
Authors: Bourke Christine , Mulaniff Aaron , Tang Bobby , Waya Oriyomi , Teeling Sean Paul 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background Process improvement methodologies such as Lean Six Sigma are increasingly being deployed to address inefficiencies in healthcare. Simultaneously policy and strategy development globally stress the value of person-centredness as the preferred approach in healthcare. This paper addresses the use of a Person-centred Lean Six Sigma Model (PCLSSM) to support process improvement in the study site, a paediatric eye care clinic. Methods Within the study site the referral process of children by relevant clinicians to the specialist clinic was experienced by referrers, parents of referred children and clinic staff as not fit for purpose. We applied the PCLSSM to improved the patient experience and efficiency of the clinic. Results Application of the PCLSSM to manage improvement resulted in five key outcomes: a 46% percentage increase in right first time accuracy of children’s referrals to the service, with a corresponding a 20% percentage decrease in time spent managing referrals, a 13% percentage increase in staff confidence in the referral system and 158% percentage increase in staff satisfaction with workload. Importantly there was a 104% percentage increase in child and parent satisfaction with their clinic experience. Conclusions This study will assist healthcare professionals understand the work involved in the successful deployment of a PCLSSM in paediatric healthcare settings, in order to improve operational efficiency and promote enhanced patient and staff satisfaction.
A Novel Comparative Performance Analysis of Document Store Non-Relational Databases
Authors: Fahd Kiran , Venkatraman Sitalakshmi , Parvin Sazia , Miah Shah J 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The crucial role of competent software architecture is essential in managing the challenging big data processing for both relational and nonrelational databases. Relational databases are designed to structure data and facilitate vertical scalability, while non-relational databases excel in handling vast volumes of unstructured data and are geared towards horizontal scalability. Choosing the right database paradigm is determined by the needs of the organization, yet selecting the best option can often be challenging. Large number of applications still use relational databases due to its benefits of reliability, flexibility, robustness, and scalability. However, with the rapid growth in web and mobile applications as well as huge amounts of complex unstructured data generated via online and offline platforms, nonrelational databases are compensating for the inefficiency of relational databases. Since data is the most important element in maintaining organizational growth, selecting the right nonrelational database for high performing applications from a plethora of possibilities is a challenging task. Existing studies are still at emergent stage to compare the performance of different popular nonrelational databases. This paper introduces a novel benchmarking approach for tailoring the comparative study of nonrelational databases. To illustrate our approach, we compare two leading non-relational databases, Aerospike and MongoDB, focusing on their average transaction times to evaluate the database performance. Our comprehensive analysis reveals the strengths of each database in read and write operations for single record and bulk record batch transactions.
Differential Analysis of Gas Generation between Gas to Liquid and Mineral Oil under Electric-Thermal Combined Fault
Authors: Li Xiaohan , Chen Beibei , Ma Yanjun , Liu Jinfeng , Yang Minkun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Gas to Liquid (GTL), produced from natural gas, possesses excellent environmental and electrical properties, making it suitable as a new type of transformer insulation oil. In order to better understand the gas generation behavior of GTL and analyze its differences from traditional mineral oil, this paper constructs micro-systems for GTL insulation oil and mineral insulation oil based on molecular dynamics simulation, simulating their decomposition processes under electric-thermal combined faults and analyzing the trends in the types and quantities of decomposition products. The simulation results show that the gas generation characteristics of the two types of insulation oil under electric-thermal combined faults are almost similar, but the relative percentage of characteristic gases differs to some extent. The final decomposition products of GTL and mineral oil include small molecular gases and radicals such as C2H4, C2H2, CH4, H2, and C2H6. With the increase in fault temperature, the decomposition of GTL and mineral oil becomes more thorough, and the presence of a strong electric field also accelerates the decomposition. Under the same fault conditions, the proportion of H2 and CH4 generated from the decomposition of GTL is higher by about 5% compared to mineral oil. This study provides theoretical support and references for the fault diagnosis and condition assessment of GTL immersed transformers.
Study on the adsorption and transport characteristics of Mn(Ⅱ)/Cd(Ⅱ) by sediments in the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River in China
Authors: Yang C , Song Fengmin , Zhao Hanghang , Li Qiaoyun , Li Pengfei , Qi Wenbo , Liu Zhifeng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
To investigate the pollution characteristics and transformation dynamics of heavy metals in the sediments of the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River, this study conducted a comprehensive study analyzing the adsorption properties and transport mechanisms of Mn(Ⅱ)/Cd(Ⅱ) in these sediments. This was achieved through static and dynamic adsorption experiments, coupled with the application of Hydrus-1D software for detailed analysis. The outcomes of the static adsorption experiments revealed that temperature exerted a minimal influence on the adsorption energy, whereas the pH of the solution significantly impacted it. Both adsorption isotherms and kinetics were employed for fitting the adsorption processes. The results indicated that the adsorption behavior of Mn(Ⅱ)/Cd(Ⅱ) in the sediments aligned more closely with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Additionally, intragranular diffusion was found to play a substantial role in the adsorption process. This suggests that the adsorption of Mn(Ⅱ)/Cd(Ⅱ) in the sediments involved a combination of physical and chemical adsorption mechanisms. Furthermore, the dynamic adsorption experiments demonstrated that the initial concentration of heavy metals crucially influenced their migration within the sediments. Characterization results pointed towards ion exchange, complexation reactions, and precipitation reactions as the primary mechanisms driving sediment adsorption of Mn(Ⅱ)/Cd(Ⅱ). Overall, this study research provides enhanced insights into the environmental behavior of these heavy metals and offers valuable guidance for risk assessment related to Mn(Ⅱ)/Cd(Ⅱ) in the sediments of the upper Hanjiang River.
Anti-fungal potential of phytochemicals present in Mangifera indica: An in-silico approach
Authors: Samajdar Saptarshi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Fungal pathogens are responsible for at least 13 million illnesses and 1.5 million fatalities globally each year, primarily in those with weakened immune systems. Numerous studies have been conducted and numerous fungi with pathogenic activities have been found; nevertheless, the existing treatment approaches have demonstrated certain toxicities and adverse effects. Consequently, using natural products can be a smart way to address the existing problems. Using molecular docking techniques, this study sought to evaluate the phytochemicals from Mangifera indica as possible antifungal agents. PyRx software was utilised to conduct a docking analysis on two proteins: Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase (NDK) from Aspergillus flavus (PDB ID: 6k3h) and the crystal structure of sterol 14-alpha demethylase (CYP51B) from a pathogenic filamentous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus (PDB: 5frb). The outcomes show how successful this screening method is, particularly when dealing with harmful fungi. Mangiferin (− 8.4 to – 9.1 kcal/mol) has a great potential for both pathogenic fungus models, according to the data. ProTox II software's toxicity prediction showed that all of the chemicals, particularly mangiferin, had class 5–6 level toxicity with high LD50 values. MD RMSD cluster shows clusters major cluster over 30–45 ns. Thus, M. indica chemicals, especially mangiferin, have the potential to develop into a useful anti-fungal medication in the future.
Optimized Optical Splitter Demultiplexing basedon light Beam Incidence on a CorrugatedInterface and Beam Propagation Method (BPM)
Authors: Aboshosha Ashraf , Eltokhy Mustafa , Nagy Mustafa , Hosny Tarek , Hamad Hisham A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this research, we investigate the segregation of Gaussian light beam wavelengths using corrugated triangular wave-index interfaces with the beam propagation method (BPM). We present a novel approach for optical wavelength demultiplexing (DEMUX) utilizing the Goos-Haenchen (GH) shift and continuous refraction at the interface. By exploiting wavelength-dependent lateral shifts (GH shifts), reflected beams achieve spatial beam separation. Light beams exhibit distinctive "turning points" in the medium, resulting in spatially separated "back-refracted" beams. Meta-heuristics were employed to optimize operational parameters for this demultiplexing optical splitter, enabling its application in "corrugated triangular wave-index integrated-optics" structures within optical fiber networks. Artificial Intelligence (AI) in conjunction with an Ant Colony (AC) was utilized for optimal beam incidence. Findings suggest improved demultiplexer performance with three media compared to two media for 2 and multi-wavelength demultiplexing, highlighting a significant academic contribution of this study.
Investigating Centaurea napifolia Extracts for Zinc Electroplating Efficiency and Corrosion Prevention: Experimental and Surface Analysis
Authors: Soltani Habiba , Hanini Karima , Benahmed Merzoug , Boudiba Sameh , Boudiba Louiza , Tamfu Alfred Ngenge , Zellagui Amar , Akkal Salah 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The ability of Centaurea napifolia extracts, hydro-methanolic (HME), methylene dichloride (MDE), ethyl acetate (EAE), and n-butanol (BE), to inhibit carbon steel (CS) corrosion in acidic environments and to function as additives in mild steel (MS) electroplating baths with pure zinc is assessed in this study. Potentiodynamic polarization, gravimetric method, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), profilometer, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used in this investigation to evaluate the corrosion behavior. Brightness, thickness, and adhesion strength served as indicators of the zinc's quality when deposited on the various substrates. The findings demonstrated that the addition of plant extracts enhanced the coating's quality, resulting in less porous plates with improved adhesion, increased brightness, and more corrosion resistance. The optimal corrosion rate is 0.038 mm/y obtained in the presence of 3.2 g/l of BE in the electroplating bath, compared to 1.137 mm/y without the additive and 3.783 mm/y for unplated MS. Moreover, the current density decreased from 0.3235 mA/cm² for unplated MS to 0.0972 mA/cm² and 0.0033 mA/cm² for plated without additive and when adding 3.2 g/l of the BE, respectively. The extracts were also evaluated as CS corrosion inhibitors in a 1M HCl solution. The results show that the inhibitor's ability to stop the corrosion reaction increased as the concentration went up but decreased as the temperature went up, with a maximum efficiency of 700 ppm (81%), 800 ppm (73%), 700 ppm (82%), and 700 ppm (78%), for HME, MDE, EAE, and BE, respectively. The adsorption process of all the extracts on the metallic surface obeys the Langmuir isotherm. The thermodynamic parameters of adsorption were calculated and discussed, and the results indicated that the adsorption was physical, spontaneous, and exothermic.
A novel rat model of sarcopenia based on lipopolysaccharide and high-fat diet
Authors: Gao Yifang , Li Ming , Wang Yu , Fu Rongfeng , Chen Borui , Chen Shaoqing , Wang Shizhong , Lin Jianping 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and a high-fat diet (HFD) over a long period of time can induce skeletal muscle atrophy, but their combined effects is unclear. Thus, the purpose of this study was to present a novel animal model of sarcopenia induced by LPS and HFD in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and to compare the aging among the groups. Methods We divided 10-month-old male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats into adult control (AC), low dose lipopolysaccharide (150 µg/kg)-high-fat diet group (LD-LPS-HFD), and high dose lipopolysaccharide (200 µg/kg)-high-fat diet group (HD-LPS-HFD). AC group rats were intraperitoneally injected with 0.9% physiological saline solution twice weekly and fed ordinary feed; while the two LPS-HFD groups were intraperitoneally injected with LPS twice a week and had a high-fat diet for 8 weeks. Sarcopenia index (SI), relative grip strength, hematoxylin & eosin staining, Sirius red staining, western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay verified sarcopenia. Results SI values in LD-LPS-HFD and HD-LPS-HFD were significantly decreased and the differences were more than twice the standard deviation of the AC group, indicating that sarcopenia model was successful. Although relative grip strength of rats in LD-LPS-HFD and HD-LPS-HFD were significantly reduced, only the difference in HD-LPS-HFD group was more than twice the standard deviation of the AC group, which was consistent with the characteristics of muscle strength decline in sarcopenia. Cross-sectional areas and fiber diameters of LD-LPS-HFD and HD-LPS-HFD decreased, but were lower in HD-LPS-HFD. Fibrosis, MuRF1, FbX32, and p53 protein expression in LD-LPS-HFD and HD-LPS-HFD were increased, but were higer in HD-LPS-HFD. p21, IL-6, and TNF-α level were significantly increased in HD-LPS-HFD. Conclusion Sarcopenia is induced by peritoneal injection of LPS (200 µg/kg) and a high-fat diet for 8 weeks in 10-month SD male rats. This model is suitable to study the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia and its molecular mechanisms.
An experimental study on aerodynamic characteristics of hypergravity centrifugal facility
Authors: Liu Jianyong , Zheng Jianjing , Xie Fangfang , Zhao Yu , Li Guohua , Han Xiao , Ling Daosheng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Centrifugal modelling is widely recognized as a valuable approach in various fields, including slope and high dam engineering, geotechnical earthquake engineering, deep-sea engineering, and advanced material preparation research. Zhejiang University is building the Centrifugal Hypergravity Interdisciplinary Experiment Facility (CHIEF), poised to become the largest and fastest hypergravity centrifuge worldwide. A comprehensive analysis of the internal airflow characteristics is imperative for the effective design of the centrifuge, including velocity distribution and resultant aerodynamic forces induced by high-speed air rotation inside the centrifuge chamber. Such an analysis is pivotal to the design of critical aspects such as motor selection, vibration control, and chamber design. This work reveals the air velocity distribution and the velocity ratio between air and the centrifuge arm in a scaled-down hypergravity facility. Various working pressures (30–101 kPa) and arm velocity (200-1000g) are investigated. Air velocity is obtained, and the velocity ratio is 0.62–0.64. Moreover, the theoretical estimation of the wind resistance power is higher than the experimental results obtained. Additionally, the pressure difference between both sides of the heat exchanger and the top plate is analysed for safety consideration. The largest pressure difference is 5.83 kPa across the top plate, and in order to prevent resonance, the frequency doubling of the rotating arm should be paid attention in accordance to the spectrum analysis. This study serves as a valuable reference for investigating airflow characteristics in rotating machines and the designing large hypergravity facilities.
Partitioning of TSP systems based on security and schedulability trade-off
Authors: Atchadam Ill-ham , Tran Hai Nam , Lemarchand Laurent , Singhoff Frank 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Time and Space Partitioning (TSP) introduces the concept of partitions that allow application isolation. Applications can be assigned to partitions according to various objective functions or constraints related to safety, security, schedulability or energy requirements. Some of these objective functions may be conflicting, i.e. an improvement of one objective leads to a decrease of another. For example, improving the safety by active redundancy of a system may impact its schedulability. In this paper, we investigate the conflicting aspect between schedulability and security (confidentiality and integrity) in TSP real-time systems. We formulate 3 design space exploration algorithms with a meta-heuristic called Pareto Archived Evolutionary Strategy (PAES). These algorithms are implemented into Cheddar, a schedulability analysis tool. We investigate the effect of different architecture implementations to bring confidentiality and integrity in TSP systems. Our experiments reveal that the security architecture implementation alternatives offer opportunities for good trade-offs between schedulability and security. We also establish that our proposed mutation algorithms are adapted to large-scale problems. Comparison with the exact method for small size test-case shows that the proposed approach converges towards the Pareto front, missing only one non dominated solution.
An extended analysis of approximation algorithms for k-median problems on complex networks
Authors: POZO ROLDAN 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Finding the k-median in a network involves identifying a subset of k vertices that minimize the total distance to all other vertices in a graph. This problem has been extensively studied in computer science, graph theory, operations research, and numerous areas due to its significance in a wide range of applications. While known to be computationally challenging (NP-hard) several approximation algorithms have been proposed, most with high-order polynomial-time complexity. However, the graph topology of complex networks with heavy-tailed degree distributions present characteristics that can be exploited to yield custom-tailored algorithms.We compare eight algorithms specifically designed for complex networks and evaluate their performance based on accuracy and efficiency for problems of varying sizes and application areas. Rather than relying on a small number of problems, we conduct over 16,000 experimentscovering a wide range of network sizes and k-median values. While individual results vary, a few methods provide consistently good results. We draw general conclusions about how algorithms perform in practice and provide general guidelines for solutions.
Evaluation of Perceived Barriers Towards Medical Research among Undergraduate Students
Authors: Emmanuel Mgbedo Nnaemeka , Hussain Aysha , Inga  
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: Research knowledge is crucial in every discipline and profession, especially in healthcare. We aimed to examine the practice, attitude, and perceived barriers to research among medical students, from the University of Georgia.
Methods: This study involved all undergraduate students from the medical, nursing, dentistry, and pharmacy departments of the University of Georgia. 274 students completed this cross-sectional study conducted from February to March 2024. The questionnaire was prepared in Google form which was shared through the University intranet. The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and performed statistical analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0 software.
Results: Most of the participants were international students (94.9%), from the medical department (81.8%) with a mean age of 20.57 (SD D± 2.23). 81.8% never participated in a research project, and 86.9% never attended a research workshop or training. Most of the participants had a positive attitude toward the research study. The commonly perceived barriers were lack of funding, guidance, time, and familiarity with research statistical analysis.
Conclusion: We observed that most of the students had an interest in having a research experience but were faced with difficulties achieving the goal. We suggest that students should be provided with more research opportunities, training, and scholarships that can improve their knowledge and skills in advancing innovation.
Assessment of Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation capabilities of the Moss Erythrodontium julaceum at different Industrial Areas of Upper Assam, India under various influences
Authors: Hazarika Porismita , Hazarika Abinash , Barukial Jayanta 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
E. julaceum is one of the species of corticolous mosses which is distributed widely in Upper Assam which falls under Tropical Rain Forest and Eastern Himalayan Biodiversity Hot Spot. Upper Assam is the most productive region in the state of Assam, with abundant natural resources such as coal, oil, and natural gas in addition to tea plantations. Concentration of five heavy metals viz., Cd, Cu, Ni, Cr and Pb were determined by ICP-OES analysis in the moss species along with its BAF and EF for each metal. It has revealed from the study that the species has significant concentrations of Cr, Cu, and Pb in all the study sites. The study unequivocally shows that species are capable of accumulating Cr, Cu, and Pb, and that they may thrive in industrial environments by creating dense carpets in the phorophytes.