bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iostephanos
Authors: Cook Arthur Bernard 
Published: May 2006

Why was Athens called the City of the Violet Crown? The question, though often asked, has not—so far as I am aware—been satisfactorily answered. Two widely divergent and mutually exclusive explanations already hold the field: but the one is open to grave objections, and the other, though true, is not the whole truth. There is therefore room for a fresh attempt to throw light upon the matter. It will be advisable to begin by summarising the essential facts of the case, then to review the hypotheses that have been framed to account for them, and finally to propound, if possible, a more adequate solution of the problem.The admitted facts are these. Pindar in one of his dithyrambs composed later, perhaps several years later, than 480 B.C. praised Athens for her prowess in the war with Persia.
Aristophanes and Agathon
Authors: Roberts W. Rhys 
Published: May 2006

In this paper I propose to inquire what estimate of the tragic poet Agathon may be derived from the plays of Aristophanes; to consider how far the view thus inferred can be confirmed from independent sources of information; and to touch lightly upon the general question of literary criticism in Aristophanes.Aristophanes possesses so many higher titles to fame that it is easy to forget that he may from one point of view be regarded as the earliest of literary critics, and that to his poems, either directly, or indirectly through the scholiasts, we owe much of our knowledge of certain aspects of Greek literary history. It is true that, as a poet-critic, he confines his criticisms almost entirely to the poets. But among these he refers by name to some forty or fifty,—one or two of them epic poets, a few lyric, a larger number writers of comedy, and a still larger number writers of tragedy.
A new καλός-vase
Authors: Dickson Isabel A. 
Published: May 2006

The vase here published is a red-figure lekythos, found at Eretria and recently acquired by the British Museum. It has the ordinary honeysuckle pattern as decoration on the shoulder. Between two rows of maeander on the body of the vase is the picture, which occupies only one side.The subject is a young woman hurrying out of a door, which she leaves open behind her. There is no indication on the vase of what, or of whom she is in pursuit, but the outstretched hands would seem to imply that the desired object is not far distant. In front of her, and almost as if issuing from her lips, is the name Ἀλκμέων, and below this the word καλός.
Primitive Painted Pottery in Crete
Authors: Hogarth D. G. , Welch F. B. 
Published: May 2006

Such remarkable additions were made by last season's excavations at Knossos and in the Dictaean Cave to the small number of known specimens of pre-Mycenaean painted pottery of Cretan fabric, that it is worth while to deal with this ware anew.It was first made known by Mr. J. L. Myres, after he had seen and drawn, in the Syllogos Museum at Candia, certain fragments said to have been found in a cave on the southern slope of Ida, two and a half hours above the village of Kamares. In his communication to the Society of Antiquaries (March 14th, 1895, Proc. XV., iii., pp. 351–356, Plates i–iv.) Mr. Myres rightly apprehended the period, character and affinities of this new and singular variety of early Aegean pottery. The colouring of his drawings, however, not having been applied with the models in sight, was not quite correct, and many of the fragments were republished by Dr. L. Mariani, (Monumenti Antichi, Vol. VI., riates 9–11, pp. 334–342), but in some cases were not improved upon. From the reported place of first finding this fabric is commonly called “Kamares“ ware.No more of it was found for some years. While excavating the lower prehistoric town of Knossos in March last, however, we lighted on many Kamares vases and fragments, and were able to establish the fact that, so far from that ware being a rarity, it is to be looked for in Crete wherever any strata of remains underlie the Mycenaean. It occurred in our digging at Knossos at all points at which the early town was probed to the rock. On the Kephala hill, where the lowest stratum of deposit is a dusty yellow clay full of Neolithic weapons and sherds, Kamares sherds occur, where stratified, immediately above that stratum.
Ancient Sculptures at Chatsworth House
Authors: Furtwängler A. 
Published: May 2006

The treasures of modern art preserved in Chatsworth House are well known to writers on the history of art. But of the small and choice collection of works of ancient sculpture contained in this fine mansion, the property of the Duke of Devonshire, information has up to now been almost entirely lacking to archaeologists. I myself have to thank the Duke's librarian, Professor Arthur Strong, for calling my attention to it, and for the opportunity of inspecting the collection in the autumn of 1895.A description of the most important work, the bronze head of Apollo, an original of about B.C. 460, appeared in my book, Intermezzi, kunstgeschichtliche Studien (Leipzig, 1896), Plates 1–4, pp. 3 f. An interesting Roman relief has been published by E. Petersen in the Römische Mittheilungen (1899), Plate 8, pp. 222 f. I have also written a short notice of the whole collection in the treatise Ueber Statuenkopieen im Alterthum, I. (1896), p. 26. That I am now in a position in this paper to enter into more minute details with the help of photographs I owe to the kindness of Prof. Arthur Strong, (who was good enough to supervise the taking of the photographs), as well as of the editors of this Journal, to all of whom I must express my warmest thanks.
Greek Inscriptions from Egypt
Authors: Milne J. G. 
Published: May 2006

The inscriptions here published are for the most part in the Ghizeh Museum, where I copied them last year when assisting in the preparation of the catalogue of the Graeco-Roman rooms. They do not appear to have been edited previously, and offer some points of interest. The numbers given are those of the new catalogue.The inscription is on a columnar statue-base of limestone ·88 metres high and ·53 in diameter, one side having been cut flat to receive it; the remainder of the surface is decorated with acanthus leaves. The letters are, in the first seven lines, ·026–·031 high: in the rest, ·015–·02. Date: 181, June 25th.The stone was seen by Dr. Petrie about 1886 lying at Sakha (Xois), where he copied it, and appears to have been removed to the Museum three or four years ago. It is quoted by S. de Ricci in Proc. Soc. Bibl. Arch. 1900, vol. xxii. p. 381.The name of Commodus has been deliberately erased in 1. 5, every vestige of the letters being cut away. A similar erasure has taken place of the name of the prefect in l. 15, but the work has been much less thoroughly done there, by merely digging a line through the letters. The traces which remain are, however, insufficient to make the restoration of the name possible. The nearest in date of the known prefects is Flavius Pris[cus], mentioned in a Berlin papyrus of the year 181/2: but his name will not suit.
A New Hittite Inscription
Authors: Anderson J. G. C. 
Published: May 2006

The discovery of a new “Hittite” inscription was one of the more solid results of a short and too hurried journey in Asia Minor which I made with Mr. J. W. Crowfoot during July and August of last year, and its publication may not be inopportune at a moment when fresh interest has been aroused in this species of script by the discoveries of Mr. Arthur Evans in Crete.After a rather abortive attempt to re-explore the obscure and rugged borderland between Lycaonia and Pamphylia, the net result of which was the discovery of just enough to make the topography of this dark corner even less intelligible than before, we turned towards Cappadocia, where we had hopes of finding at least some pre-Hellenic monuments. Years ago Professor Ramsay and Mr. Hogarth had heard a report of what was presumably a Hittite inscription near Nev-sheher (Soandos), a town two days' journey west of Caesareia Mazaca: important things were said to have turned up near the latter city since M. Chantre's visit: and we learnt also of the existence of hieroglyphic stones at Arapison (Zoropassos) on the Halys.
The Leper Terra-Cotta of Athens
Authors: Hoggan Frances E. 
Published: May 2006

In the collection of the terra-cottas at the Polytechnic in Athens many of the figures have points of interest bearing on the development of art, or on the science of comparative mythology or religion. One small figure (No. 943) is, on the other hand, of especial interest to the medical mind, affording as it does a good specimen of the typical leper physiognomy. It is a pitiful glimpse into the olden time which this figure gives, and, no less than a living imported leper I saw last spring at the Evangelismus Hospital, does it strike a discord with the beauty of Athens and its surroundings.This little figure is in the midst of a number of small, thick-set figures in rough terra-cotta, of uncertain origin. They were bought at a sale, and their history cannot now be traced ; but from their general character they are classed with others of about the third century B.C. They were evidently intended to be caricatures of contemporary life. Jolly, rollicking men suggest noisy Bacchic carousings; a portly, elderly woman bends with somewhat comical, grandmotherly solicitude over her nursling; and other well-executed, but more or less coarsely imagined, figures are so obviously designed to provoke laughter, that one pulls up with a start, and almost with a shudder, before the poor leper No. 943.
First Report of a Journey in Pisidia, Lycaonia, and Pamphylia
Authors: Cronin H. S. 
Published: May 2006

As the task of publishing the immediate results of this journey has been entrusted to me, my first duty is to acknowledge the many obligations under which Professor W. M. Ramsay has placed me. Neither my companion Mr. G. A. Wathen of St. Peter's College, Cambridge, nor I, had had previous experience in this form of research, and we were fortunate in beginning the study of Asia Minor under his auspices. A large proportion of the materials here given was collected by him alone; and it is no exaggeration to say that without him we could have accomplished practically nothing, even if we had made the attempt. As I am increasingly conscious that the period of noviciate, on which I then entered, did not end with the journey, I am glad to think that my obligations to him extend to the time of the preparation of this Report. The same reason also makes me glad to know that Professor Ramsay is himself working these results into their place in the General History and Geography of Asia Minor. In this gladness all those interested in such studies will share.My next duty is to thank all those who, in various ways, helped us to carry out the objects we had in view. On the one hand, we are especially indebted to the British Ambassador at Constantinople and to the Turkish Governor of the Vilayet of Konia; on the other, the funds at our disposal were largely increased, not only by the gifts of friends, but by contributions from the Managers of the Craven Fund, Cambridge, and the Worshipful Company of Mercers, London.
Pompeian Paintings and their Relation to Hellenic Masterpieces, with Special Reference to Recent Discoveries
Authors: Ely Talfourd 
Published: May 2006

From August, 1894, till the middle of last year, the explorers of Pompeii were employed in excavating the house of A. Vettius, a house distinguished among its fellows by its sumptuous marble fittings and lavish decoration, and still more so by the splendid series of brilliant frescoes with which its walls are still adorned.According to the official plan, the position of the house should be defined thus:—Regio VI., insula 12.It lies opposite the Casa del Labirinto, close to the north-east of the Casa del Fauno, to the south of the third tower of the North Wall, counting from the Gate of Herculaneum eastwards. It possesses no tablinum, but a very fine peristyle, the Corinthian columns of which have not (as is usually the case) flutings filled for one-third of their height with stucco painted red or yellow.
The Game of Polis and Plato's Rep. 422 E
Authors: Ridgeway William 
Published: May 2006

This well known passage has given rise to some discussion in recent years, the words being the centre of the fray.The Scholiast says Most modern commentators have followed the Scholiast. But Mr. J. A. Stewart in the Classical Beview (Vol. vii. 3–59) follows the President of Magdalen College, Oxford, in stating that the Scholiast was led astray by the proverb and that there is really no reference at all to the game ot Polis, and compares with it the passage from the Meno, 77 A.
Archaeology in Greece—1893–4
Authors: Gardner E. A. 
Published: May 2006

The excavations of the French School at Delphi are now in full activity. They have been looked forward to for years with the keenest interest, but hitherto there has been nothing to record but negotiations and preparations. Now that the work has actually begun, it has proved that even the most sanguine anticipations were not unfounded. The find in inscriptions and in sculpture is of extraordinary richness and interest, and will form an epoch in the history of archaeological discovery no less important than those marked by the excavations of Olympia and of the Athenian Acropolis. In comparison with Delphi, other discoveries must seem of inferior importance. But much valuable work has been done during the season, especially by the various foreign Schools in Athens.In Athens itself, the excavations in the neighbourhood of the Pnyx and the Areopagus, begun by Professor Dörpfeld last season, have been continued. It will be remembered from last year's report that the chief object of these excavations was to solve some disputed questions of Athenian topography, especially the position of the spring Enneacrounos. A primitive system of waterworks was discovered in the hill of the Pnyx above the modern road; and these had been superseded later by an aqueduct and cistern, which there seemed to be good reason for attributing to the sixth century. There were also some traces of a building for the distribution of the water. Thus considerable probability was gained for the theory of Professor Dörpfeld, that the Enneacrounos was in this part of the town, although at the same time there was no evidence certain enough to convince those who were committed to a contrary view.
Two Greek Reliefs
Authors: Smith A. H. 
Published: May 2006

The two Greek reliefs which are published together on Pl. XI. are recent acquisitions of the British Museum, and considerably strengthen its collections in a branch of ancient art in which it had previously been rather weak.The earliest of the two reliefs is that of Glykylla (Fig. 1). It was brought to this country by a sailor trading to the Levant, and was by him offered to the British Museum, in 1893. It was said to have been found at Thebes, but this is doubtful. In style, at any rate, it is clear that it must be classed with the Attic relief's.The material is Pentelic marble, with an untouched surface of golden colour. Height 3 ft. 1 in., width 1 foot 10½ ins. The relief is nearly perfect, only the upper part of Glykylla's face and the left arm of her attendant being injured.In this charming sculpture we have one of the many forms of the theme of the jewel-casket. The seated lady, matronly and richly draped, is trying or putting on a bracelet about her left wrist, while her left hand is negligently raised. An attendant stands at her feet, holding open the lid of the casket, from which the ornament has just been taken, and watches the putting on. The bracelet is a massive one, with a spirally twisted design.
Primitive Pictographs and a Prae-Phoenician Script, from Crete and the Peloponnese
Authors: Evans Arthur J. 
Published: May 2006

In the absence of abiding monuments the fact has too generally been lost sight of, that throughout what is now the civilized European area there must once have existed systems of picture-writing such as still survive among the more primitive races of mankind. To find such ‘pictographs’ in actual use—the term is used in its most comprehensive sense to cover carvings on rocks or other materials whether or not actually overlaid with colour—we must now go further afield. Traces of such may indeed be seen on the rude engravings of some megalithic monuments like that of Gavr Innis, on the rock carvings of Denmark, or the mysterious figures known as the Maraviglie wrought on a limestone cliff in the heart of the Maritime Alps, to which may be added others quite recently discovered in the same region.In Lapland, where designs of this character ornamented the troll-drums of the magicians till within a recent period, survivals of some of the traditional forms may still be found to the present day, engraved on the bowls of their reindeer-horn spoons. Of actual rock-paintings perfectly analogous to those of Cherokees or Zulus, I have myself observed an example—consisting of animals and swastika-like figures painted probably by early Slavonic hands on the face of a rock over-hanging a sacred grotto in a fiord of the Bocche di Cattaro.
Phayllus and his Record Jump
Authors: Gardiner E. Norman 
Published: May 2006

The marvellous jump recorded in this epigram has naturally given rise to much controversy. Intimately connected with it is the equally disputed question of the meaning of the terms σκάμμα, τὰ ἐσκαμμένα, and Βατήρ as applied to the long jump.Most of the discussion on this point might have been avoided if scholars had considered the whole of the evidence and not confined their attention to one or two passages. The discussion has mostly turned upon the words of Pindar (Nem. v. 19, 20) μακρά μοι δὴ αὐτόθεεν ἅλμαθ´ ὑποσκάπτοι τις, and upon the scholiast's note on this passage. In J.H.S. vol. i. 213 Prof. Percy Gardner gave the following explanation: ‘After every leap a fork was drawn across to mark the length, so that he who leaps beyond all marks distances his rivals.’ In J.H.S. vol. ii. p. 218 Mr. Myres suggested that ‘the σκάμμα might be a line drawn for the jumper to jump at like the handkerchief or piece of paper sometimes used in the present day.’ He further suggested that the three lines seen on the B.M. vase B 48 represented the ἐσκαμμένα. Both these gentlemen have I believe since altered their views, but as statements bearing the authority of their names are always liable to be repeated without further investigation, the errors still persist.
Damophon
Authors: Waldstein Charles 
Published: May 2006

Mr. A. M. Daniel's article on the above subject (pp. 41 seq.) is so thorough and convincing that it hardly requires further support. But in view of the widespread acceptance of the attribution of the Lycosura statues to a late Roman date, I think a few words in further confirmation of his contention are not out of place.In spite of the almost unanimous volte-face in the opinion of archaeologists since Dr. Doerpfeld expressed his doubts as to the Greek character of the buildings at Lycosura, my own view (expressed in the Athenaeum, March 22nd, 1890, and at a public meeting of the American School at Athens, January 6th, 1891) that Damophon's work belongs to the first half of the fourth century B.C. has not been shaken. Of course we must all remember that we have here to deal with the question of probability and not of certainty. Yet within these limits it appears to me that the balance of evidence strongly inclines towards the fourth century B.C.
The Frontier of Lycia and Caria
Authors: Arkwright W. 
Published: May 2006

The traveller riding westward from Macri soon reaches the Gargy Chai, which is the only perennial stream running into the Telmessian Gulf, and is rightly identified by Kiepert with the overflowing Glaucus. It rises in a ridge connecting the uplands of Kyzyl Kaya with the Aigür Dagh, a partly detached lower buttress standing out to the north-west of the long mountain commonly called Eljik Dagh in the maps, of which the eastern peak is named Chal Dagh, and the less lofty western peak Shimshir Dagh.Hence the stream runs to the S.S.E. down a deep glen, and after receiving the Nif Chai from the N.E., turns S.W. round the Kyzyl Dagh to the sea. Pliny, the only geographer who mentions the Glaucus, says that it had a tributary, the Telmedius. If, as the inhabitants positively assured me, the Nif Chai is merely a tributary of the other, it must be the Telmedius. If so, the name of Telandrus, which was on the Glaucus, must be given to the only ruins in the main valley, those at It-hissar, a site discovered by MM. Collignon and Duchesne, but not exactly described.
Two Sepulchral Lekythi
Authors: Gardner Percy 
Published: May 2006

Mr. Arthur Evans kindly allows me to publish two interesting white lekythi recently acquired for the Ashmolean Museum. The first was said by the vendors to come from the excavations at Eretria, the second from excavations at Athens itself. The particular source of them, however, is not a matter of great importance, since as yet no satisfactory proof has been adduced that the white lekythi found at Eretria were made in Euboea or elsewhere than at Athens. Both of our vases appear to belong to the regular Attic series. The plate and the cut which pertain to this article were both produced from photographs taken with the help of Mr. A. H. Smith's ingenious invention, the cyclograph (see above, p. 192). The plate was made direct from a photograph, the cut drawn by Mr. F. Anderson on the basis of a photograph.Vase No. 1.—Height 15 inches (ctm. 38). (Pl. XV.)On shoulder, three palmettes, leaves alternately red and black.Over design, simple maeander.
Inscriptions from the Cyzicene District, 1904
Authors: Hasluck F. W. 
Published: May 2006

1. At Panderma: small base, broken, ̇08 m. across, letters ̇01.2. Small fragment of cippus, diam. ̇11, letters ̇02.3. Pediment (0·24 broad) with radiated bust of long-haired god: below (letters ̇015):
Red-Figured Vases Recently Acquired by the Hermitage Museum
Authors: Peredolski Anna 
Published: May 2006

With the Stroganoff Collection the Hermitage acquired a skyphos with PL. 1. one horizontal and one vertical handle.A. Woman with chiton and himation and man with himation and stick, offering a purse to the woman; he is holding a piece of money in his left hand. A lekythos is suspended between them. Inscriptions, twice, ὁ παῖς καλόςB. A girl clad in chiton and himation offers a lekythos to a youth with himation and stick. Inscriptions, twice, ὁ παῖςκαλόςVery fine drawing; no relief outlines; purple on the leaves of the diadem, on the taeniae on the head of the youth and the man, on the purse. The muscles are drawn with brown varnish. There are to be noticed as most characteristic features: the high round form of the head on A, the expressive type of the faces, the realistic treatment of the mantles, the manneristic gestures of the hands. All the details prove that this skyphos is painted by the Penthesilea master. Indeed the exterior of the Munich kylix 2688 offers analogies for the round form of the head, the drawing of feet and hands, the purple lines on the hands, the individual profiles. Most characteristic of this master is the type of the youth with curled hair.
Three Red-Figured Cups
Authors: Beazley J. D. 
Published: May 2006

The vase-painting published after a photograph in Pl. II. 1, and after a drawing in Fig. 1, has already been reproduced on p. 86 of my Vases in America; but it lost so much in reproduction that I considered it my duty to republish it as soon as possible in order to correct the unsatisfactory impression which the previous publication must have made: the editors of the Hellenic Journal have kindly offered me these pages for the purpose.The painting forms the internal decoration of a fragmentary red-figured cup found at Cervetri and now in the possession of Mr. Edward Warren at Lewes. The stem and foot of the cup are lost, but the stem at any rate was of the normal type. The exterior was undecorated.