bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of DNA load, genotyping, and clinical phenotype of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Lu , Yin Zhaoqing , Zeng Shujuan , Yao Guohua , Liu Yuqiao , Fang Yulian , Ma Cuian , Cui Hualei 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThis study aimed to investigate the correlation between Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP)-DNA load in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of children with MP pneumonia (MPP) and its subtypes, relevant laboratory data, imaging, extrapulmonary complications in infected children, and its clinical significance in evaluating the disease.MethodsChildren hospitalized with MPP at Tianjin Children's Hospital between December 2017 and December 2020 were selected for the study, excluding those with mixed viral, bacterial, and fungal infections. Children were divided into low- and high-load groups according to the MP DNA load in BALF using real-time quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (PCR). After a successful MP culture, positive specimens were subjected to PCR-Restriction fragment length polymorphism and Multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis typing. Basic data, clinical information, laboratory data, and radiological results were collected from all children included in the study.ResultsThe PI-I type dominated the different load groups. Children in the low-load group had more wheezing and shortness of breath; however, children in the high-load group had a higher length of hospitalization, maximum fever temperature, higher chills/chilliness, incidence of abdominal pain, and higher C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. Children in the high-load group were more likely to have imaging changes such as pleural effusion, and the incidence of respiratory infections and extrapulmonary complications was higher than that of those in the low-load group. We applied Spearman's correlation analysis to clarify the relationship between MP DNA load and the clinical severity of MPP. We found that MP DNA load was positively correlated with length of hospitalization, maximum fever temperature, CRP, PCT, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and AST levels, and negatively correlated with fever and cough durations, white blood cell count (WBC), and proportion of monocytes (MONO). The degree of correlation was as follows: length of hospitalization &gt; IL-6 &gt; cough duration &gt; AST &gt; fever duration &gt; PCT &gt; WBC &gt; proportion of MONO &gt; maximum fever temperature &gt; CRP levels.ConclusionsMP DNA load was not correlated with MP typing but was significantly correlated with the children's clinical phenotype. Therefore, the MP DNA load helps in the early diagnosis of infection and can better predict disease regression.
Antibiotics influence the risk of anti-drug antibody formation during anti-TNF therapy in Chinese inflammatory bowel disease patients
Authors: Sun Meng , Ju Jingyi , Xu Hongzhen , Luo Mengqi , Li Zhaoyang , Wang Yufang 
Published: April 2024

Aims: The formation of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) during anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy is reported to lead to reducing serum drug levels, which may bring about a loss of response to treatment. Previous research has suggested an association between specific antibiotic classes and ADA formation during anti-TNF therapy. However, there are few studies specifically examining this association in Chinese inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the possible effect of antibiotic use on ADA formation to anti-TNF therapy in Chinese patients with IBD.Methods: A total of 166 patients with IBD, including 149 with Crohn’s disease (CD) and 17 with ulcerative colitis (UC), were included in this retrospective analysis. These patients were initially treated with anti-TNF therapy (infliximab or adalimumab) after January 2018 and reviewed with available ADA levels before October 2023. After univariable analysis of all the variables, a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the association between antibiotic use and ADA development.Results: Among 166 IBD patients treated with infliximab (108/166, 65.1%) or adalimumab (58/166, 34.9%), 31 patients (18.7%) were measured as positive ADA levels. Cox proportional hazard model demonstrated an increased risk of ADA formation in IBD patients who used β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitor combinations (BL-BLIs) (HR = 5.143, 95%CI 1.136–23.270, p = 0.033), or nitroimidazoles (HR = 4.635, 95%CI 1.641–13.089, p = 0.004) during 12 months before the ADA test. On the contrary, a reduced risk was noted in patients treated with fluoroquinolones (HR = 0.258, 95% CI 0.072–0.924, p = 0.037). Moreover, the median serum infliximab or adalimumab concentration in patients with positive ADA levels was significantly lower than that in patients with negative ADA levels (infliximab: 0.30 vs. 1.85 μg/mL, p &lt; 0.0001; adalimumab: 0.45 vs. 7.55 μg/mL, p = 0.0121).Conclusion: ADA development is associated with various antibiotic classes. BL-BLIs and nitroimidazoles might increase the risk of ADA formation during anti-TNF therapy in Chinese IBD patients, while the treatment with fluoroquinolones could probably reduce such risk. There were certain limitations in the retrospective analysis of the study, therefore, the results are just for reference, and other studies are needed to further confirm our findings.
Associations between regular physical exercise and physical, emotional, and cognitive health of older adults in China: an 8-year longitudinal study with propensity score matching
Authors: Xu Xiaoyan , Zheng Yawen , Fang Juan , Huang Jiahui , Yang Xudong , Zhu Xianghe , Liu Yanlong , Chen Li , Wu Shaochang 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundThe importance of healthy aging is growing in China as it has the largest number of older adults in the world and is one of the fastest-aging countries. This study aimed to examine the predictive value of regular physical exercise in relation to the physical, emotional, and cognitive health among samples of adults aged ≥60 years in China during an 8-year period.MethodsA total of 10,691 older adults were extracted from two waves of national data from the China Family Panel Studies in 2010 and 2018. To minimize the impact of selection bias on the findings, a longitudinal propensity score matching (LPSM) method was used to examine the relationships between regular physical exercise and emotional health (depression), between regular physical exercise and physical health (instrumental activities of daily living), and between regular physical exercise and cognitive health (cognitive ability) of older adults. After LPSM, 856 older adults were included in the study. In the regular physical exercise group, the average age of participants at baseline year was 65.67 years, with an average age of 65.90 years for 238 men and 65.45 years for 190 women, and in the non-physical exercise group, their average age at baseline year was 65.70 years, with an average age of 65.45 years for 253 men and 65.98 years for 175 women.ResultsLPSM indicated that regular physical exercise has been found to be effective in improving physical function and reducing depressive symptoms in old adults, even after controlling for background differences. However, the sensitivity analysis suggests that the positive association between regular physical exercise and cognitive function may not be sufficiently valid.ConclusionThe findings of this study indicate that engaging in long-term structured and repetitive physical exercise can have a significant positive effect on reducing depressive symptoms and improving the physical function of older adults. As a result, incorporating regular physical exercise into the lifestyle of older adults is recognized as an effective strategy for promoting healthy aging and reducing the strain on public health resources.
Association of two novel systemic inflammatory biomarkers and frailty based on NHANES 2007–2018
Authors: Zhang Huiling , Liu Xinyu , Wang Xiaoling , Jiang Ya 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundFrailty is a significant concern in the field of public health. However, currently, there is a lack of widely recognized and reliable biological markers for frailty. This study aims to investigate the association between systemic inflammatory biomarkers and frailty in the older adult population in the United States.MethodsThis study employed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2007 to 2018 and conducted a rigorous cross-sectional analysis. We constructed weighted logistic regression models to explore the correlation between the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI), and frailty in the population aged 40 to 80 years. Using restricted cubic spline (RCS), we successfully visualized the relationship between SII, SIRI, and frailty. Finally, we presented stratified analyses and interaction tests of covariates in a forest plot.ResultsThis study involved 11,234 participants, 45.95% male and 54.05% female, with an average age of 64.75 ± 0.13 years. After adjusting for relevant covariates, the weighted logistic regression model indicated an odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval(CI) for the correlation between frailty and the natural logarithm (ln) transformed lnSII and lnSIRI as 1.38 (1.24–1.54) and 1.69 (1.53–1.88), respectively. Subsequently, we assessed different levels of lnSII and lnSIRI, finding consistent results. In the lnSII group model, the likelihood of frailty significantly increased in the fourth quartile (OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.55–2.12) compared to the second quartile. In the lnSIRI group model, the likelihood of frailty significantly increased in the third quartile (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.10–1.53) and fourth quartile (OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.95–2.70) compared to the second quartile. The interaction results indicate that age and income-to-poverty ratio influence the association between lnSIRI and frailty. RCS demonstrated a nonlinear relationship between lnSII, lnSIRI, and frailty.ConclusionThe results of this cross-sectional study indicate a positive correlation between systemic inflammatory biomarkers (SII, SIRI) and frailty.
Dinamika Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka: Perspektif Guru Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Saputri Hera Apriliana , Bella Sinta , Zulhijrah Zulhijrah , Prastowo Andi 
Published: April 2024

<p>Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, dengan berbagai alasan dan rasionalisasi kurikulum Indonesia terus mengalami pergantian dari periode ke periode sehingga guru kesulitan dalam beradaptasi dengan kurikulum yang baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana dinamika implementasi kurikulum merdeka: perspektif guru di sekolah dasar negeri samirono. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yang bersifat kualitatif. Teknik penelitian ini menggunakan pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara secara mendalam dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Sekolah Dasar Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta tepatnya di sekolah dasar negeri Samirono, informan pada penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah di Sekolah Dasar Negeri yang ada di Kabupaten Sleman. Hasil wawancara menunjukkan bahwa penerapan kurikulum merdeka di sekolah dasar yang ada di kabupaten Sleman ini sudah sesuai dengan konsep kurikulum merdeka di mana konsep merdeka belajar ini mengutamakan pada minat bakat peserta didik, dan untuk menumbuhkan nilai-nilai nasionalisme, budaya dan patriotisme, dan juga untuk mencapai tujuan nasional pendidikan.</p>
Environmental Catastrophe in Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide
Authors: Ahmad Zahra , Rehana Shahla 
Published: April 2024

“Conservation is a state of harmony between men and land. Despite nearly a century of propaganda, conservation still proceeds at a snail’s pace; progress still consists largely of letterhead pieties and convention oratory. … we still slip two steps backward for each forward stride.” (Leopold, 1968, p. 207)
Since time immemorial men have ruled nature, escalated environmental issues and caused irreparable losses, posing a threat to their very own survival. Due to the negligence and degradation of the ecosystem, environmental concerns have become a global crisis. Aldo Leopold, Wangari Maathai and Rachael Carson are some of the prominent activists who raised their voices for the protection of nature. Amitav Ghosh in his novel The Hungry Tide set in the Sundarbans, meaning beautiful forests, emphasises the understanding and conservation of life in the Sundarbans, depicting a global issue in a local setting. The novel deals with the wrath of nature and colonial suppression. This paper intends to depict the environmental issues of the Sundarbans faced by its human and non-human inhabitants as well as bring out the human and environmental relationships in the novel. It also seeks to depict natural and manmade calamities in this rare ecologically rich biodiversity and the clarion call given by the author to save the environment.
Level of Self Esteem among Children of Alcoholic and Non Alcoholic Parents
Authors: Sree Devi M R  , Sandhya R S  
Published: April 2024

The National Association of Children of Alcoholics estimates that there are 11 millions children of alcoholics under the age of 18 years. A study was conducted to assess level of self esteem among children of alcoholic & non alcoholic parents. The objectives were to assess, compare and find out the association between the level of self esteem and socio personal data. Methodology adopted for the study was descriptive comparative design with multistage sampling. Sample size was 128. Structured questionnaire was used to collect socio personal data of participants and Children of Alcoholics Screening test was used to identify children of alcoholic and non alcoholic parents. After that the standardized tool State Self Esteem Scale was used to assess the level of self esteem The study findings revealed that in children of alcoholic parents group, 82.8% (53) were having poor self esteem and 17.2% (11) were having good self esteem where as in children of non alcoholic parents group, 78.1% (50) were having good self esteem and 21.9% (14) were having poor self esteem. On the basis of comparison between the level of self esteem among children of alcoholic and non alcoholic parents, revealed that there is statistically significant difference between level of self esteem score among children of alcoholic and non alcoholic parents group.
From Adolescence to Motherhood: Understanding the Plight of Teenage Mothers
Authors: Galleposo Roanie 
Published: April 2024

Teenage motherhood continues to be a pressing societal issue because it significantly impacts lives of adolescent girls as they transition to motherhood. Using a qualitative transcendental phenomenology, this study explored the lived experience of senior high school teenage mothers in one of the schools in Bukidnon. Data were collected through phenomenological in-depth interview with strict adherence to ethical principles. The data were analyzed using Hyper Research software to determine the code, categories, and themes. For the participants, teenage motherhood can be summarized into three emerging themes such grappling with motherhood, social dilemmas and support, and appreciating motherhood. Grappling with motherhood involved balancing family and student life, understanding the occurrence of pregnancy, and hurdling the challenge of teenage motherhood. Furthermore, the participants as a teenage mother have to face social dilemmas and such as various family-related struggles. However, they also received a lot of family support. In the long run, the participants have appreciated motherhood as they became aware of the joy of motherhood as they made their dreams and contentment of the life of being a teenage mother. Based on the findings, several recommendations are proposed. The lived experience of the teenage mothers provides valuable insights about the challenges these young mothers face, the positive learning experiences they gain, and their aspirations for the future. Understanding these aspects is crucial for developing comprehensive support systems, challenging societal stereotypes, and empowering teenage mothers to navigate their roles as parents and individuals successfully. It is recommended that future researchers may conduct longitudinal research on the long-term outcomes and interventions for teenage mothers.
ҚР ЖАЛҒА БЕРІЛГЕН ЖЕР ПАЙДАЛАНУДЫҢ ҚАЗІРГІ ЖАҒДАЙЫ
Authors: Оналбаева Дарига , Джангарашева Назымкуль , Омарбекова Ардак , Шаймерденова Айгул 
Published: April 2024

Жер мәселесі әлеуметтік, саяси және мемлекеттік басымдықтарға байланысты азаматтарды ғана емес, жалпы қоғам мен мемлекетті де алаңдататын өзекті мәселелердің бірі болды және болып қала береді. Бұл туралы Қазақстан Республикасының Президенті Қ.К. Тоқаевтың "Сындарлы қоғамдық диалог – Қазақстанның тұрақтылығы мен өркендеуінің негізі" Жолдауында айтылған. Президент қоғамды толғандыратын жер мәселесіне жеке тоқталып, "Жер ресурстарын тиімсіз пайдалану мәселесі өзекті болып отыр"деп атап өтті. Ол «фермерлерге жемшөп дақылдарды өсіруге жер тапшылығы» мәселесі туындап жатқанда жерді тегін жалға алу құқығын алған және жерді пайдаланбай босқа ұстап отырған «латифундистер» деп аталатындардың бар тобына тоқталды. «Пайдаланылмай жатқан ауыл шаруашылығы жерлерін қайтарып алатын кез келді. Жер – біздің ортақ байлығымыз және оны кім игерсе, соған тиесілі болуы тиіс… Бұл – өте маңызды мәселе деді Қ.К. Тоқаев. Сондай-ақ, Президент Үкімет пен Парламентке "тиісті механизмдерді әзірлеп, ұсынуды" тапсырды [1]. Президенттің айтқаны іс жүзінде де расталып отыр. Тек Алматы облысы бойынша 576 пайдаланылмайтын жер телімдері анықталды (Қарсай ауданы 40/900 га, Ақсу ауданы 27/1,1 мың га, Балқаш ауданы 400/90 мың га, Еңбекшіқазақ ауданы 39/9,4 мың га, Сарқан ауданы 26/12,5 мың га, Панфилов ауданы 44/11,3 мың га), жалпы ауданы 125,2 мың га. Алматы қаласы бойынша жалпы ауданы 2596 га (Медеу, Алатау, Наурызбай және Түрксіб аудандары) осы санаттағы 332 игерілмеген жер телімдері анықталды. Жалпы Алматы қаласы бойынша уәкілетті органдар барлығы 1852 игерілмеген телімдерін анықтады, ауданы 5581 га (коммерциялық аймақ – 1376 телім, ауданы 2737 га, ауыл шаруашылығын пайдалану – 332 телім, ауданы 2596 га, тұрғын үй аймағы – 144 телім, ауданы 248 га)
Evaluation of the Agreement Between a New Pyramid Wavefront Sensor Aberrometer and Scheiner-Smirnov Aberrometers
Authors: Yang Yizhou , Ning Rui , Xu Shuoyu , Xiahou Jinxuan , Li Jiawei , Savini Giacomo , Schiano-Lomoriello Domenico , Zhou Xingtao , Huang Jinhai 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
To assess agreement between a new aberrometer (Osiris-T; CSO) employing pyramid wavefront sensor technique and Scheiner-Smirnov aberrometer (OPD-Scan III; Nidek) on measuring ocular, corneal, and internal aberrations in healthy participants.

Methods:

The measurements were conducted three times consecutively by an experienced examiner. The total root mean square (RMS) aberrations, higher order aberration RMS, coma Z
3
±1
, trefoil Z
3
±3
, spherical aberration Z
4
0
,
and astigmatism II Z
4
±2
up to 7th order were exported in both 4-and 6-mm pupil zones. The parameters between the two devices were statistically compared using the paired
t
-test, and the differences assessed with Bland-Altman plots and 95% limits of agreement.

Results:

This prospective study included 70 right eyes of 70 healthy participants with an average age of 25.94 ± 6.59 years (range: 18 to 47 years). The mean difference in the two devices ranged from 0.01 µm for astigmatism II Z
4
±2
to 0.63 µm for total RMS in 4 mm and from 0.01 to 1.41 µm in 6-mm pupil size. The Bland-Altman analysis of ocular, corneal, and internal aberrations indicated high agreement between the two devices and the maximum absolute values for 95% limits of agreement ranged from 0.03 to 1.06 µm for 4-mm pupil diameters and 0.12 to 1.13 µm for 6-mm pupil diameters.

Conclusions:
The newly developed pyramid wavefront sensor technique aberrometer demonstrated a high agreement with a Scheiner-Smirnov aberrometer when measuring ocular, corneal, and internal aberrations in healthy participants. Thus, the two aberrometers may be considered interchangeable for clinical applications.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2024;40(4):e218–e228.]
Comparative Evaluation of Topographic Parameters Using Three Different Topographers in Keratoconic and Cross-linked Keratoconic Corneas
Authors: Chauhan Poornima , Kamalakannan Priyadarshini , Upadhyay Ashish Datt , Sinha Rajesh , Titiyal Jeewan Singh , Sharma Namrata 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
To compare the parameters of three different topographic devices (Pentacam HR, Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH; Sirius, Costruzione Strumenti Oftalmici; and Cassini, i-Optics) in grading the severity of keratoconus in cross-linked and non-cross-linked eyes.

Methods:
This was a prospective comparative interventional study done in a tertiary eye care center, wherein 114 eyes of 68 patients with keratoconus were divided into two groups: 62 eyes that were observed and 52 eyes that were cross-linked. All eyes were evaluated on all three topographers at baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up.

Results:
The Sirius showed significantly lower values of mean flat keratometry in comparison to the Pentacam HR (limits of agreement [LoA]: 1.75 to 3.51%) and Cassini (LoA: 1.75 to 3.51%). The mean steep keratometry values were higher for the Cassini in comparison to the Pentacam HR (LoA: 4.39 to 7.02%) and Sirius (LoA: 3.51 to 6.14%). The mean steep keratometry values of the Sirius were significantly lower than those of the Pentacam HR and in both the cross-linked and observation groups (LoA: 3.51 to 6.14%). The mean keratometry values were significantly higher in the Cassini compared to the Pentacam HR (LoA: 3.51 to 8.77%) and significantly lower in the Sirius in comparison to the Pentacam HR (LoA: 3.51 to 6.14%). The mean difference in astigmatism was also statistically significant between the three tomographers in both groups, with the Cassini showing higher values (LoA: 3.51 to 5.26%) and the Sirius lower values than the Pentacam HR (LoA: 5.26 to 6.14%).

Conclusions:
The authors conclude the three devices cannot be used interchangeably. The Cassini showed better agreement and correlation with the Pentacam HR in the staging of keratoconus, whereas the Sirius tended to underdiagnose and under-stage the disease.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2024;40(4):e260–e269.]