bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lithium‐Free Redox Flow Batteries: Challenges and Future Prospective for Safe and Efficient Energy Storage
Authors: Kanti Hazra Soumya , Kim Hyerim , Meskher Hicham , Singh Punit , Kansara Shivam , Kumar Thakur Amrit , Ali Khan Shahid , Mortuza Saleque Ahmed , Saidur R. , Shamsuddin Ahmed Mohammad , Hwang Jang‐Yeon 
Published: April 2024

AbstractConsidering the costs, waste, and impact on the environment of current energy consumption, accurate, cost‐effective, and safely deployed energy storage systems are required. Lithium (Li)‐free redox flow batteries (RFBs) are a feasible solution. RFBs can store enormous amounts of energy effectively and are increasingly used for large‐scale applications. The use of RFBs has significantly enhanced the performance of energy storage systems and effectively reduced the costs and wastage of energy storage operations. Vanadium‐based RFBs are an emerging energy‐storage technology being explored for large‐scale deployment owing to their numerous benefits, including zero cross‐contamination, scalability, flexibility, extended life cycle, and nontoxic working state. This study describes the fundamental operating principles of redox flow battery‐based systems as well as the design considerations and constraints placed on each component. It discusses recent progress in the design and deployment of RFBs for energy‐related applications and the remaining obstacles and prospects. Finally, this study highlights the enormous potential of RFBs and suggests some solutions to scale up the use of RFBs in the near future.
Recent advances in biomedical applications of carbon and graphene quantum dots: A review
Authors: Das Abhijit , Roy Manas , Saha Mitali 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe carbon‐based nanostructures have led to the development of theranostic nanoplatforms for simultaneous diagnosis and therapy due to their effective cell membrane‐penetration ability, low degree of cytotoxicity, excellent pore volume, substantial chemical stability, and reactive surface. In the last few years, extensive efforts were made to design multifunctional nanoplatform strategies based on carbon nanostructures, involving multimodal imaging, controlled drug release capabilities, sensing in vitro, efficient drug loading capacity, and therapy. Carbon and graphene quantum dots (CQDs and GQDs) were the recent entrants, contingently being assessed for drug delivery and bioimaging. With the advancements, these quantum dots have ignited remarkable research interest and are now widely evaluated for diagnosis, bioimaging, sensing, and drug delivery applications. The last decade has witnessed their remarkable electrical, optical, and biocompatible properties since their inception. It is presumed that both of them have high potential as drug carriers and would serve as the next generation of approaches to address numerous unresolved therapeutic challenges. This review examined the recent advances of CQD and GQD based drug delivery applications, challenges, and future perspectives to pave the way for further studies in the future.
Thyroid nodules with DICER1 mutation or PTEN alteration: A comparative cytologic, clinical, and molecular study of 117 FNA cases
Authors: Jitpasutham Tikamporn , Andrianus Stefen , Gubbiotti Maria , Nosé Vania , Baloch Zubair W. , Madrigal Emilio , Faquin William C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundDICER1 mutations and PTEN alterations are increasingly detected by thyroid fine‐needle aspiration (FNA). Both are associated with nodular thyroid disease and cancer. The authors analyzed a large comparative thyroid FNA cohort with DICER1 mutation or PTEN alteration.MethodsA total of 117 thyroid FNAs with DICER1 or PTEN alterations were retrieved from the databases of two academic medical institutions. Demographic, clinical, and radiologic data were collected; FNA slides were analyzed for 29 cytomorphologic features.ResultsOf 117 thyroid FNAs, 36 (30.8%) had DICER1 mutation and 81 (69.2%) showed PTEN alteration. The DICER1 cohort had 33 (91.7%) females and three (8.3%) males (mean, 40.9 years); 61.8% had multinodular disease. FNAs were classified as atypia of undetermined significance (AUS), 23 (63.9%); follicular neoplasm (FN), 12 (33.3%); and malignant, 1 (2.8%). The PTEN subgroup had 66 (81.5%) females and 15 (18.5%) males (mean, 55.2 years) with increased multinodular disease (93.8%, p = .0016). PTEN FNAs had greater cytologic diversity: non‐diagnostic, 2 (2.5%); benign, 5 (6.2%); AUS, 44 (54.3%); FN, 24 (29.6%); and malignant, 6 (7.4%). Both DICER1 and PTEN cases showed a range of resected tumor subtypes. The DICER1 cohort included thyroblastoma, and the PTEN group included anaplastic carcinoma. The cytomorphology of DICER1 and PTEN cases showed overlapping features, especially microfollicular patterns. Minor cytomorphologic differences included papillary patterns in DICER1 (p = .039), and oncocytic changes (p < .0001) in PTEN.ConclusionsDICER1 and PTEN FNAs reveal many cytologic similarities. DICER1 patients are younger, and PTEN patients had multinodular disease. Awareness of these genetic cohorts can identify patients at risk for thyroid cancer.
Numerical simulation of the distal stent graft‐induced new entry after TEVAR
Authors: Li Meixuan , Ma Tao , Cai Yunhan , Li Jianming , Meng Zhuangyuan , Dong Zhihui , Wang Shengzhang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to investigate the mechanical factors for distal stent graft‐induced new entry (dSINE) in aortic dissection patients and discussed these factors in conjunction with aortic morphology. Two patients (one dSINE and one non‐dSINE), with the same age, gender, and type of implanted stent, were selected, then aortic morphological parameters were calculated. In addition, the stent material parameters used by the patients were also fitted. Simulations were performed based on the patient's aortic model and the stent graft used. The true lumen segment at the distal stent graft was designated as the “dSINE risk zone,” and mechanical parameters (maximum principal strain, maximum principal stress) were computed. When approaching the area with higher mechanical parameters in the dSINE risk zone, dSINE patient exhibited higher values and growth rates in mechanical parameters compared to non‐dSINE patient. Furthermore, dSINE patient also presented larger aortic taper ratio, stent oversizing ratio, and expansion mismatch ratio of the distal true lumen (EMRDTR). The larger mechanical parameters and growth rates in dSINE patient corresponded to a greater aortic taper ratio, stent oversizing ratio, and EMRDTR. The failure of dSINE prediction by the stent tortuosity index indicated that mechanical parameters were the fundamental reasons for dSINE development.
Flow resistance law in channels with emergent rigid vegetation
Authors: Nicosia Alessio , Palmeri Vincenzo , Ferro Vito 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFlow resistance estimate is a challenging topic for establishing flooding propensity of streams, designing river restoration works, and evaluating the use of soil bioengineering practices. In this paper, flume measurements with rigid cylinders set in two arrangements (aligned, staggered) were used to evaluate the effect of rigid emergent vegetation on flow resistance. A well‐known theoretical flow resistance equation was firstly reviewed. Then, it was calibrated and tested by measurements performed for these arrangements with six concentrations (0.53–11.62 stems dm−2). The analysis was conducted using three approaches: (i) distinguishing the experimental runs corresponding to different arrangements and stem concentrations; (ii) using only a scale factor representing the effect of the stem concentration; and (iii) joining all available data. The results demonstrated that the flow resistance equation gives an accurate estimate of the Darcy–Weisbach friction factor f, characterized, for the best approach among the tested ones, by errors less than or equal to ±5% for 95.9% of the examined cases for the aligned arrangement and for the staggered arrangement less than or equal to ±5% for 94.2% of the examined cases. For both arrangements, the measurements demonstrated that, for a given longitudinal distance between vegetation elements, flow resistance increases for decreasing values of the transverse distance and, for a given transverse distance, f decreases for increasing values of the longitudinal distance between elements. Finally, in the range of the investigated stem concentrations, the influence of the arrangement on flow resistance resulted negligible.
Serial direct sodium removal in patients with heart failure and diuretic resistance
Authors: Rao Veena S. , Ivey‐Miranda Juan B. , Cox Zachary L. , Moreno‐Villagomez Julieta , Ramos‐Mastache Daniela , Neville Daniel , Balkcom Natasha , Asher Jennifer L. , Bellumkonda Lavanya , Bigvava Tamar , Shaburishvili Tamaz , Bartunek Jozef , Wilson F. Perry , Finkelstein Fredrick , Maulion Christopher , Turner Jeffrey M. , Testani Jeffrey M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimsLoop diuretics may exacerbate cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) in heart failure (HF). Direct sodium removal (DSR) using the peritoneal membrane, in conjunction with complete diuretic withdrawal, may improve CRS and diuretic resistance.Methods and resultsPatients with HF requiring high‐dose loop diuretics were enrolled in two prospective, single‐arm studies: RED DESERT (n = 8 euvolaemic patients), and SAHARA (n = 10 hypervolaemic patients). Loop diuretics were withdrawn, and serial DSR was utilized to achieve and maintain euvolaemia. At baseline, participants required a median 240 mg (interquartile range [IQR] 200–400) oral furosemide equivalents/day, which was withdrawn in all participants during DSR (median time of DSR 4 weeks [IQR 4–6]). Diuretic response (queried by formal 40 mg intravenous furosemide challenge and 6 h urine sodium quantification) increased substantially from baseline (81 ± 37 mmol) to end of DSR (223 ± 71 mmol, p < 0.001). Median time to re‐initiate diuretics was 87 days, and the median re‐initiation dose was 8% (IQR 6–10%) of baseline. At 1 year, diuretic dose remained substantially below baseline (30 [IQR 7.5–40] mg furosemide equivalents/day). Multiple dimensions of kidney function such as filtration, uraemic toxin excretion, kidney injury, and electrolyte handling improved (p < 0.05 for all). HF‐related biomarkers including N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide, carbohydrate antigen‐125, soluble ST2, interleukin‐6, and growth differentiation factor‐15 (p < 0.003 for all) also improved.ConclusionsIn patients with HF and diuretic resistance, serial DSR therapy with loop diuretic withdrawal was feasible and associated with substantial and persistent improvement in diuretic resistance and several cardiorenal parameters. If replicated in randomized controlled studies, DSR may represent a novel therapy for diuretic resistance and CRS.Clinical Trial Registration: RED DESERT (NCT04116034), SAHARA (NCT04882358).
Monitoring the Degradation of Metal‐Organic Framework Drug Nanocarriers by In‐Situ NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Vuong Mai Dang Le , Haouas Mohamed , Gref Ruxandra , Martineau‐Corcos Charlotte 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn accurate characterization methodology is indispensable to design nanoparticle‐based drug delivery system (DDS) adapted to specific diseases and therapies. However, characterization techniques employed to investigate drug release and nanoparticle degradation require separating the nanoparticles from their suspension media, which can lead to artefacts. Therefore, there is a clear need to implement novel versatile in‐situ methods. Here, we report the use of in‐situ NMR spectroscopy to monitor drug delivery processes from MOF nanocarriers, both in solution and in the solid state simultaneously. In‐situ 1H NMR investigation of nanoMIL‐100(Al) suspension in phosphate medium enabled recording the trimesate ligand loss in the solid phase and the ligand release in the liquid phase as a function of time. Simultaneously, 27Al NMR enabled assessing the progressive replacement of carboxylate ligands by phosphates leading to the formation of new aluminum species. Using the same strategy, we also compared the degradation of nanoMIL‐100(Al) loaded with two drug analogs, highlighting an effect of metal‐ligand complexing strength. Furthermore, our in‐situ technique is applicable to studying the reaction of paramagnetic nanoMIL‐100(Fe) in the liquid phase. This work offers an alternative to ex‐situ techniques for understanding the degradation mechanism of MOF nanocarriers and could be an asset for other nanoscale DDSs.
Association of Parkinson's disease to Parkinson's plus syndromes, Lewy body dementia, and Alzheimer's dementia
Authors: Prajjwal Priyadarshi , Kolanu Nikhil Deep , Reddy Yeruva Bheemeswara , Ahmed Aneeqa , Marsool Mohammed Dheyaa Marsool , Santoshi Krupanagram , Pattani Himani Harshad , John Jobby , Chandrasekar Kiran Kishor , Hussin Omniat Amir 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is a condition that affects movement and is usually seen in those over the age of 50. It is caused by the death of dopaminergic neurons, particularly in the substantia nigra. PD has shifted from being perceived as an uncommon condition to a significant neurological illness, mostly due to the increasing number of elderly individuals and the impact of environmental factors. Parkinson's plus syndromes, such as progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multiple system atrophy (MSA), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), and vascular Parkinsonism (VaP), provide difficulties in distinguishing them clinically from PD since they have similar characteristics.MethodologyA thorough examination was performed utilizing the PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The search utilized specific keywords like “Parkinson's disease,” “Parkinson's plus syndrome,” “Lewy body dementia,” “Alzheimer's dementia,” “progressive supranuclear palsy,” and “multiple system atrophy.” The selection criteria were aimed at English‐language literature, with a particular focus on examining the connection between PD and associated disorders or dementias.Results and DiscussionParkinson's plus syndromes, such as PSP, MSA, CBD, and VaP, exhibit unique clinical characteristics, imaging results, and diverse reactions to levodopa. This makes it difficult to distinguish them from PD. LBD is characterized by Lewy bodies containing α‐synuclein, which leads to both motor and cognitive deficits. PD and Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibit a complex interaction, including common pathogenic processes, genetic predispositions, and clinical characteristics of dementia.ConclusionThe interrelatedness of PD, Parkinson's plus syndromes, LBD, and AD highlights the significance of comprehending shared disease‐causing processes. Aberrant protein clumping, impaired functioning of mitochondria, increased oxidative stress, and inflammation in the brain are common factors which can be addressed for specific treatments. More research is essential for understanding complicated connections and developing effective therapies for these sophisticated neurological illnesses.
Anatomical features of ecological importance and taxonomic value revealed by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy in Camonea umbellata (L.) A.R. Simões & Staples (Convolvulaceae)
Authors: dos Santos Edinalva Alves Vital , Leite Ana Virginia , de Arruda Emília Cristina Pereira 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article describes detailed and novel data on the anatomy and histochemistry of leaves, stems, and roots of Camonea umbellata (L.) A.R.Simões & Staples in different environments for the identification of characters with taxonomical value and of ecological importance, with provision of light and scanning electron microscopy images. To analyze the characters, we collected samples of the vegetative organs of three individuals in each of three populations, which were in a grazing area, an urban environment, and a biological reserve. The main diagnostic anatomical markers for the identification of C. umbellata include amphistomatic leaves, tetracytic and brachyparatetracytic stomata, peltate trichomes, long simple trichomes, epidermis with striated cuticle ornamentation, mesophyll with acute borders, presence of druses, secretory channels, angular collenchyma, fibrous pericycle in the stem, intraxylary phloem in the vegetative organs, oil bodies throughout the midrib, petiole, stem and root, and epicuticular waxes of the crust and coiled rodlet types. Since the characters above did not show variation in the environments evaluated, we consider these characters taxonomically useful for the identification of C. umbellata.Research Highlights
The anatomy of the aerial vegetative organs of Camonnea umbellata retains common Convolvulaceae characters.
The sinuosity of the epidermal cell walls and the density of trichomes in the epidermis of the petiole were visually variable characters among the analyzed individuals.
Amphistomatic leaves, tetracytic and brachyparatetracytic stomata, peltate trichomes, epidermis with striated cuticle ornamentation, dorsiventral mesophyll with border acute, presence of druses, secretory structures, angular collenchyma, fibrous pericycle in the stem, intraxillary phloem, presence of oil bodies in all organs, and epicuticular waxes of the crust type and coiled rods were considered important anatomical markers for the recognition and correct identification of Camonea umbellata.
Edge‐minimum saturated k‐planar drawings
Authors: Chaplick Steven , Klute Fabian , Parada Irene , Rollin Jonathan , Ueckerdt Torsten 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFor a class of drawings of loopless (multi‐)graphs in the plane, a drawing is saturated when the addition of any edge to results in —this is analogous to saturated graphs in a graph class as introduced by Turán and Erdős, Hajnal, and Moon. We focus on ‐planar drawings, that is, graphs drawn in the plane where each edge is crossed at most times, and the classes of all ‐planar drawings obeying a number of restrictions, such as having no crossing incident edges, no pair of edges crossing more than once, or no edge crossing itself. While saturated ‐planar drawings are the focus of several prior works, tight bounds on how sparse these can be are not well understood. We establish a generic framework to determine the minimum number of edges among all ‐vertex saturated ‐planar drawings in many natural classes. For example, when incident crossings, multicrossings and selfcrossings are all allowed, the sparsest ‐vertex saturated ‐planar drawings have edges for any , while if all that is forbidden, the sparsest such drawings have edges for any .
The clinical relevance of novel biomarkers as outcome parameter in adults with phenylketonuria
Authors: van Wegberg A. M. J. , van der Weerd J. C. , Engelke U. F. H. , Coene K. L. M. , Jahja R. , Bakker S. J. L. , Huijbregts S. C. J. , Wevers R. A. , Heiner‐Fokkema M. R. , van Spronsen F. J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRecent studies in PKU patients identified alternative biomarkers in blood using untargeted metabolomics. To test the added clinical value of these novel biomarkers, targeted metabolomics of 11 PKU biomarkers (phenylalanine, glutamyl‐phenylalanine, glutamyl‐glutamyl‐phenylalanine, N‐lactoyl‐phenylalanine, N‐acetyl‐phenylalanine, the dipeptides phenylalanyl‐phenylalanine and phenylalanyl‐leucine, phenylalanine–hexose conjugate, phenyllactate, phenylpyruvate, and phenylacetate) was performed in stored serum samples of the well‐defined PKU patient‐COBESO cohort and a healthy control group. Serum samples of 35 PKU adults and 20 healthy age‐ and sex‐matched controls were analyzed using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Group differences were tested using the Mann–Whitney U test. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed with these biomarkers as predictors of (neuro‐)cognitive functions working memory, sustained attention, inhibitory control, and mental health. Compared to healthy controls, phenylalanine, glutamyl‐phenylalanine, N‐lactoyl‐phenylalanine, N‐acetyl‐phenylalanine, phenylalanine–hexose conjugate, phenyllactate, phenylpyruvate, and phenylacetate were significant elevated in PKU adults (p < 0.001). The remaining three were below limit of detection in PKU and controls. Both phenylalanine and N‐lactoyl‐phenylalanine were associated with DSM‐VI Attention deficit/hyperactivity (R2 = 0.195, p = 0.039 and R2 = 0.335, p = 0.002, respectively) of the ASR questionnaire. In addition, N‐lactoyl‐phenylalanine showed significant associations with ASR DSM‐VI avoidant personality (R2 = 0.265, p = 0.010), internalizing (R2 = 0.192, p = 0.046) and externalizing problems (R2 = 0.217, p = 0.029) of the ASR questionnaire and multiple aspects of the MS2D and FI tests, reflecting working memory with R2 between 0.178 (p = 0.048) and 0.204 (p = 0.033). Even though the strength of the models was not considered strong, N‐lactoyl‐phenylalanine outperformed phenylalanine in its association with working memory and mental health outcomes.
Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Knee Articular Cartilage and Osteoarthritis Symptoms—A 12‐Month Follow‐Up Using T2 Relaxation Time and WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index
Authors: Lehtovirta Sami , Kemppainen Ahti , Haapea Marianne , Nevalainen Mika , Lammentausta Eveliina , Kyllönen Eero , Koivukangas Vesa , Lehenkari Petri , Karppinen Jaro , Casula Victor , Nieminen Miika T. 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundObesity is a significant risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA). The most effective treatment for morbid obesity is bariatric surgery.PurposeTo study the effects of potential surgically induced weight loss on knee articular cartilage and OA symptoms of obese patients over a 12‐month follow‐up.Study TypeProspective longitudinal cohort study.Subjects45 obese patients (38 female, BMI = 42.3 ± 6.5 kg/m2) who underwent gastric bypass (intervention group), and 46 age‐matched conservative‐care controls (37 female, BMI = 39.8 ± 4.6 kg/m2).Field Strength/SequenceMultiecho spin echo sequence at 3 T.AssessmentKnee cartilage T2 measurements and WOMAC Indices were measured presurgery and after 12 months. The intervention group was split into successful (≥20% total weight loss (TWL)) and unsuccessful (<20% TWL) weight loss groups. T2 and WOMAC indices were also measured in controls at baseline and after 12 months. Changes among the three groups were analyzed.Statistical TestsAnalysis of variance (significance level 0.05).ResultsTwenty‐six (58%) intervention patients achieved ≥20% TWL. The <20% TWL group demonstrated significantly more T2 reduction in the deep lateral femur over 12 months compared with the ≥20% TWL group (−3.83 ± 8.18 msec vs. 2.47 ± 6.54 msec, respectively), whereas no significant differences were observed on the medial femoral compartment (P = 0.385, P = 0.551, and P = 0.511 for bulk, superficial and deep regions, respectively). Changes in WOMAC indices over 12 months were significantly greater in the ≥20% TWL group compared with controls. In the <20% TWL group, pain significantly improved over 12 months compared with controls, while stiffness and function changes were not statistically significant (P = 0.063 and P = 0.051, respectively).Data ConclusionCartilage matrix, measured by T2, showed improvement on lateral femoral cartilage with <20% TWL compared with ≥20% TWL. Bariatric surgery provided significant improvements in knee symptoms with ≥20% TWL compared with conservative WL. This effect is also seen to some extent with <20% TWL compared with conservative WL.Level of Evidence2Technical EfficacyStage 4