bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methodological aspects and application of the immunoperoxidase staining technique in diagnostic fine‐needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Gustafsson Bertil , Manson Jan‐Christer 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe immunoperoxidase method was modified and adapted for use on cells obtained by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy for routine diagnostic cytology. Combinations of different modes of fixation and graded trypsinisation were tested. Best results were obtained with fixation in formol‐acetone followed by enzyme digestion for 3‐6 min; exact times were adjusted for the individual antigen. With optimal conditions as to fixation and prateolytic digestion, the method was found to be sensitive and reproducible and without artifactual background staining. Various intracytoplasmic antigens of diagnostic importance such as immunoglobulins, prostate‐specific antigen, keratin, thyreoglobulin, S‐100, α‐1‐antitrypsin, and lysozyme in lymphoid cells, bone marrow cells, and tumor cells of epithelial and mesenchymal origin were detected. Staining of newly prepared or up to 2‐yr‐old specimens gave equally good results. Both cellular morphology and the results of immunoperoxidase staining can be studied simultaneously. The method is considered valuable for increasing accuracy of diagnostic cytology. Diagn Cytopathol 1987;3:68–73.
Myoepithelial cells in needle aspirations of two cases of unusual breast lesions: An aid in differential diagnosis
Authors: Whitlatch Stephen P. , Panke Thomas W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe observation of myoepithelial cells bordering abnormal epithelial cells in fine‐needle aspiration smears of two unusual breast lesions helped to prevent misdiagnosis of these lesions as malignant. The presence of myoepithelial cells has been a well‐established criterion for histologically benign lesions. Their presence or absence appears to be equally valuable in fine‐needle aspiration smears of breast lesions. Diagn Cytopathol 1987;2:77–81.
Adrenal myelolipoma: Fine‐needle aspiration of an asymptomatic retroperitoneal mass
Authors: Neumann M. Paula , Manivel Carlos , Dehner Louis P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report a case of myelolipoma of the adrenal gland diagnosed by ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration in a patient with bronchogenic carcinoma who was noted to have a 5‐cm adrenal mass on computerized tomography during evaluation for metastatic disease. The cytologic features are characteristic and consist of mature adipocytes and bone marrow elements that are most clearly demonstrated on Wright‐stained cytospin material. This case illustrates the importance of fine‐needle aspiration in the evaluation of radiologically detected adrenal masses in patients with known malignancies. A cytologic diagnosis of benign or metastatic disease can eliminate the need for formal surgical exploration in selected cases. Diagn Cytopathol 1987;3:82–84.
A morphologic, immunologic, and cytometric approach to the classification of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma in effusions
Authors: Katz Ruth L. , Raval Pramila , Manning John T. , McLaughlin Peter , Barlogie Bart 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe biologic and clinical heterogeneity of the various subtypes of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma is related to differences in morphologic, immunologic, and kinetic properties. Comprehensive studies characterizing these features in lymphomatous effusion have yet to be reported. We recently studied 27 effusion specimens from 26 patients with clinically suspected or confirmed lymphoma. Wright‐Giemsa‐ and Papanicolaou‐stained cytologic preparations, acridine orange nucleic acid flow cytometry, and immunoperoxidase staining of cell suspensions using antibodies to a battery of T and B cell markers were evaluated and compared with prior histologic accessions. Specimens were classified by cytologic characteristics according to the International Working Formulation Scheme and by acridine orange nucleic acid flow cytometry using the parameters of DNA, RNA, and proliferative activity. Correlation of the cytometric and morphologic data demonstrated that with increasing cytologic grade of lymphoma, the proliferative activity increased progressively and distinguished between grades (P < 0.01). Immunologic studies identified B cell phenotype in 16 specimens, T cell in three, and true histiocytic lymphoma in one; one lymphoma had no cell markers (null cell). Six effusons proved to be inflammatory and reactive according to surface marker studies. Classification by cytologic characteristics showed good correlation with histologic classification performed previously. Immunologic study of cytologic specimens gave results identical to those achieved by frozen‐section immunohistologic examination. Thus, immunologic and cytometric parameters can be readily performed on effusion specimens and aid in the diagnosis and classification of lymphomas. Diagn Cytopathol 1987;3:91‐101.
Cytological grading of therapy‐induced tumor regression in prostatic carcinoma: Proposal of a new system
Authors: Böcking Alfred , Auffermann Wolfgang 
Published: February 2007

AbstractProposed in this article is a new system for the cytological grading of therapy‐induced regression of prostatic carcinoma. Reversible and irreversible criteria in cytoplasm, nuclei, and nucleoli are distinguished and rated independently of each other on a scale of 0 to 2; the cellular regression grades r1‐r3 are the sum of rating numbers. Criteria that are invalid for grading regression are pointed out. Results of the clincial testing of this grading system are presented. Diagn Cytopathol 1987;3:108‐111.
The cytologic diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolism: A critical reappraisal
Authors: Giampaolo Casimiro , Schneider Volker , Kowalski Brenda H. , Bellaver Lynn A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn an attempt to assess the extent to which contamination by exogenous squamous cells contributes to false‐positive results in the cytologic diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolism, blood sampled from the right heart or from the pulmonary artery of 42 nonpregnant cardiac patients was processed and examined for squames. Despite a variety of precautions, it proved impossible to eliminate contamination in any of these specimens. In addition, two of three blank slides that were stained with maximal precaution also demonstrated squames. The authors conclude that cytologic techniques are not helpful in the diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolism and should no longer be utilized. Diagn Cytopathol 1987;3:126–128.
Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of abdominal and retroperitoneal tumors in infants and children
Authors: Valkov Ivan , Bojikin Boris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration biopsy has been employed to establish morphologic diagnoses in abdominal and retroperitoneal tumors in 54 infants and children. A 0.4‐0.7‐mm gauge needle was used; the puncture was performed through the anterior abdominal wall in the abdominal tumors and by the lateral approach in the retroperitoneal tumors. Malignant tumors were discovered in 51 cases (94.4%). The nature of the lesion was recognized in 96.2%, and correct cell typing was achieved in 90.2%. The most frequent lesion was non‐Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma, followed by neuroblastoma, nephroblastoma, and individual cases of other epithelial and mesenchymal tumors. Using parallel bone marrow examination, half of the neuroblastoma cases and five of 28 lymphoma cases showed bone marrow involvement. We observed no complications caused by the fine‐needle aspiration technique. Due to the safety and efficacy of this technique, it can often be used instead of explorativie laparatomy. Diagn Cytopathol 1987;3:129–133.
Cytologic examination of synovial fluid
Authors: Villanueva Thelma G. , Schumacher H. Ralph 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytologic study of synovial fluid has been relatively neglected both by cytologists and rheumatologists. Currently identified implications of cytologic findings include definitive diagnoses of a variety of joint diseases such as those due to malignancies, infections, or pathogenic crystals. Diagnoses can also be strongly suggested, for example, by visualization of lupus erythematosus cells formed in vivo. Immunocytochemistry is being explored for diagnostic and pathogenetic implications. We propose that complementary techniques used in our cytology and rheumatology laboratories may provide new insights into the clinical significance of cellular changes in joint fluids. Diagn Cytopathol 1987;3:141–147.
Diagnosis of central nervous system Toxoplasma gondii from the cerebrospinal fluid in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Authors: Dement Samuel H. , Cox M. Catherine , Gupta Prabodh K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cytologic diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) Toxoplasma gondii was established from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who presented with obstructive hydrocephalus and progressive obtundation. Free extracellular tachyzoites, phagocytized tachyzoites, and cyst forms were identified with Wright staining of cytocentrifuge preparations. Diagnosis was confirmed with indirect immunofluorescent antibody studies. Initial CSF examination was remarkable for low cellularity (24 wbc/mm3) with 42% neutrophils and 58% mononuclear cells on differential examination. Subsequent differential counts of CSF showed persistence of a mixed inflammatory pattern until day 10 at which time a mononuclear pleocytosis was observed. Cerebrosphinal chemistries were notable for a low glucose (20 mg/dl), which persisted for 10 days. The cytocentrifuge Wright stain preparation was found to be superior to routine millipore filter Papanicolaou stain preparation for the identification of free tachyzoites and is recommended in the setting of immunodeficient patients with suspected CNS roxoplasmosis. Diag Cytopathol 1987;3:148–151.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of juvenile hemangioma of the parotid gland: A case report
Authors: Hilborne Lee H. , Glasgow Ben J. , Layfield Lester J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 4‐mo‐old child presented with a 20‐day history of swelling of the left cheek. Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy revealed a spindle‐cell neoplasm with a bloody background. Subsequent surgical excision confirmed the presence of a juvenile hemangioma (juvenile hemangioendothelioma). The FNA biopsy and surgical pathology findings are presented along with a discussion of the differential diagnosis of this relatively rare neoplasm. Diagn Cytopathol 1987;3:152–155.
Teflon granuloma mimicking a thyroid tumor
Authors: Wilson Roma A. , Gartner William S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn unusual case is presented of a patient who developed a “thyroid” nodule following injection of Polytef into the left posterior vocal cord for impaired phonation. Fine‐needle aspiration cytology was interpreted as suspicious for malignant cells. Histological evaluation revealed a benign granulomatous lesion with numerous Teflon particles. Review of the literature relating to Teflon injections is presented. Diagn Cytopathol 1987;3:156–158.
Short‐term estrogen test for cytodiagnosis in postmenopausal women
Authors: Kashimura Masamichi , Baba Shinji , Nakamura Shuji , Matsukuma Keita , Kamura Toshiharu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA short‐term estrogen test was used to obtain a correct cytologic diagnosis in 73 patients with an equivocal atrophic cellular pattern. Overestimation in cytodiagnosis was markedly eliminated, and the correct cytologic diagnosis was made in 81 % of the cell samples after the estrogen test. The purpose of this study was not only to confirm the usefulness of the short‐term estrogen test, but also to observe the cytomorphologic changes before and after the test. Thick cytoplasm, vacuoles in the cytoplasm, and a distinct cell border increased, while the amorphous chromatin pattern was eliminated after the estrogen test. Maturation of atypical cells in cases of dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive squamous‐cell carcinoma was investigated before and after the estrogen test. Although malignant cells were not influenced by estrogen, maturation of dysplastic cells was induced after the test.
The diagnostic cytology of nonspecific vaginitis
Authors: Giacomini Giuseppe , Reali Daniela , Vita Daniela , Barahmandpour Siamak , D'Acunto Antonio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDiagnostic cytology has not kept pace with the general growing interest in nonspecific vaginitis (NSV). This study on 114 patients compares Papanicolaou vaginal smears with bacteriologic cultures, whiff test, gram‐stained vaginal smears, and vaginal pH in the evaluation of nonspecific vaginitis. Cytology is a valid practical test for diagnosis of nonspecific vaginitis; however, it must be emphasized that the coccoid morphotype is the same as the Gardnerella morphotype. Perhaps the Gardner‐ella morphotype is the most typical of all the inflammatory typologies found in vaginal smears, and it was indeed one of the first to be described in the history of diagnostic cytology–albeit with a slight misnomer. The question is of considerable importance since NSV is the most frequent and persistent of all collapses of the vaginal ecosystem. Cases of NSV must be screened to prevent more serious diseases of the female genital tract.
The role of an immunoperoxidase technique in the diagnosis of oral herpes simplex virus infection in patients with leukemia
Authors: Epstein J. B. , Page J. L. , Anderson G. H. , Spinelli J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLaboratory techniques are often used to confirm a clinical diagnosis of oral herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in patients with leukemia. In the present study, an immunoperoxidase technique (IPT) was used to examine smears taken from the oral mucosa of 44 patients with leukemia at Vancouver General Hospital. It was found that the IPT was as sensitive and specific as viral culture in confirming the presence of HSV. The IPT was found to be more predictive of symptomatic oral HSV disease than viral culture because it did not give positive results if there was only viral shedding in the absence of clinical disease. As the IPT is rapid and inexpensive as well as being specific, sensitive, and predictive, it has a definite role in the laboratory confirmation of oral HSV lesions in leukemics.
Intermediate filaments in cytological specimens of thyroid tumors
Authors: Altmannsberger Michael , Dralle Henning , Weber Klaus , Osborn Mary , Droese Manfred 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytological specimens of thyroid carcinomas and follicular adenomas obtained by fine‐needle aspiration biopsies or touch imprints were investigated with antibodies to keratin, vimentin, and neurofilaments. All tumors were keratin positive. In follicular adenomas as well as in papillary thyroid carcinomas, a coexpression of keratin and vimentin was detected; in follicular carcinomas, only some tumors showed coexpression of keratin and vimentin; and in medullary thyroid carcinomas, positive staining of all six tumors studied was seen with the keratin and neurofilament antibodies, with some tumors also showing coexpression of vimentin. The mechanism of such coexpression is unclear.
Value of immunocytochemistry in the study of malignant effusions
Authors: Mason Maria R. , Bedrossian Carlos W. M. , Fahey Colleen A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecognition of malignant effusion relies heavily on cytologic examination despite the difficulty of distinguishing atypical mesothelial hyperplasia from metastatic carcinoma. The combination of CEA, EMA, vimentin, keratin, high‐molecular‐weight cytokeratin (HMWK), low‐molecular‐weight cytokeratin (LMWK), and Alcian blue was tested in 51 cytologic specimens of pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial effusions. These showed metastatic carcinoma in 38 cases (ovary, 14; lung, 8; breast, 7; GI, 4; endometrium, 4; bladder, 1) and mesothelial processes in 13 (hyperplasia, 9; mesothelioma, 4). Strong positivity for EMA (92%), CEA (90%), and Alcian blue (71 %) was noted in metastatic carcinoma but not in the mesothelial processes. Keratin was positive in all cases of mesothelioma but occurred also in mesothelial hyperplasias (44%) and metastatic carcinomas (47%). In mesothelial cells, HMWK was consistently stronger than LMWK, whereas in adenocarcinoma the reverse was true. There was no difference in the degree or distribution of positivity of any of the markers among the various primary sites of the neoplasms. Our findings are consistent with the view that immunocytochemistry with a battery of antibodies is useful in the recognition of malignant effusions but cannot, as yet, determine the site of origin of metastatic neoplasms.
Carcinoid metastatic to breast diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy
Authors: Landon Gene , Sneige Nour , Ordóñez Nelson G. , Mackay Bruce 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report a patient in whom fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of a breast mass, clinically suspected to be a mammary adenocarcinoma, established the diagnosis of a carcinoid metastatic to breast. The aspirate smears resembled a primary breast carcinoma; however, subtle cytomorphologic differences were present. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies of the aspirated material confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic carcinoid.
Aspiration biopsy cytology of secretory carcinoma of the breast
Authors: Nguyen Gia‐Khanh , Neifer Roy 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAspirate from a secretory carcinoma of the breast showed malignant epithelial cells present singly or in large sheets with strong cellular cohesiveness. Tumor cells displayed ill‐defined, granular, or vacuolated cytoplasm. Intracytoplasmic globular material was periodic acid‐Schiff positive and resistant to prior diastase digestion. The cytologic differential diagnosis with other breast cancers is briefly discussed.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of malignant lymphoma of the thyroid
Authors: Matsuda Minoru , Sone Hiroko , Koyama Hiroki , Ishiguro Shingo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOur experience with fine‐needle aspiration cytology in five cases of malignant lymphoma of the thyroid is reported. Only one case was correctly diagnosed as malignant lymphoma from the original cytologic reports. Three cases were misdiagnosed as anaplastic carcinoma of small‐cell type and two of these three cases were subsequently revised as malignant lymphoma after a second aspiration. The final case was misdiagnosed as chronic thyroiditis at both the first and second aspirations; following a third aspiration, 8 mo later, it was correctly diagnosed as malignant lymphoma. Cytological findings of malignant lymphoma are as follows: many malignant cells are distributed as isolated cells and show monotonous features. Malignant cells are slightly larger than normal lymphocytes. Sometimes cleaved cells or large nucleoli are visible. The differential diagnosis of cytologic findings of malignant lymphoma and the other thyroid diseases is discussed in detail.
Sensitivity of the cytologic diagnosis of cervical condyloma in comparison with HPV‐DNA hybridization studies
Authors: Schneider Achim , Meinhardt Gabriele , De‐Villiers Ethel‐Michele , Gissmann Lutz 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cytologic diagnosis of cervical condyloma is based on criteria developed over the last 10 years. It has now become possible to document the presence of human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA directly in cervical swabs by the highly sensitive technique of DNA filter hybridization in situ. The purpose of this article is to evaluate critically the empirically established cytologic criteria of condyloma by comparing them with HPV‐DNA hybridization studies in the same material. The results of this study indicate that ‘classic’ koilocytosis and dyskeratocytosis are not highly sensitive criteria for the presence of HPV infection, identifying only 15% of the HPV‐DNA‐positive cases correctly. In an attempt to improve the sensitivity of the cytologic diagnosis of HPV infections, a panel of nine ‘nonclassic’ criteria was evaluated. The five most valuable signs were ‘mild koilocytosis,’ mild dyskeratocytosis, hyperchromatic nuclei, bi‐ and multinucleation, and cleared cytoplasm. Using these criteria in combination, statistically discriminant analysis could correctly identify 84% of the HPV‐positive group.
The influence of the wet‐fixed papanicolaou and the air‐dried giemsa techniques on nuclear parameters in breast cancer cytology: A cytomorphometric study
Authors: Schulte E. , Wittekind Chr. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe influence of fixation and staining on morphometric nuclear parameters in cytologic samples of breast lesions has been investigated with respect to the wet‐fix and the air‐dry techniques. Aspiration biopsy material from 55 benign and malignant breast lesions was smeared onto slides and stained with a routine Papanicolaou technique (after wet fixation) or with the Azur B‐eosin Y stain (after air drying). Tumors were grouped according to both histological grade and lymph node status. Nuclear area, diameter, and perimeter were measured from each specimen with an image analyzer and correlated to grade and stage of the disease. All nuclear parameters were significantly smaller in wet‐fixed slides. The coefficient of variation was smaller in air‐dried samples, which allowed better discrimination between different groups. Nuclear perimeter had the highest discriminative power. Unintentional air drying in wet‐fixed smears increased the coefficient of variation for all nuclear parameters. Air drying of cytologic smears is recommended for morphometric investigations if chromatin texture is of minor importance.
Frequency of “blue bodies” in pulmonary cytology specimens
Authors: Kung I. T. M. , Hsu C. , Chan S. C. W. , Leung B. S. Y. , Ng D. W. H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo determine the frequency of occurrence of “blue bodies” (BBs), 2,010 pulmonary cytology specimens (1,403 sputum and 607 bronchial specimens) from 1985 were reviewed. The smears were examined microscopically by transmitted and polarized light. BBs were extracellular structures, occurring most commonly in clusters but sometimes conglomerated. With Papani‐colaou stain, they had a characteristic birefringent laminated brown core and a nonbirefringent blue rim. Chemical microanalysis and energy‐dispersive x‐ray analysis revealed that their chemical composition was calcium carbonate. A total of 233 specimens contained BBs, with a frequency of 10.5% in bronchial specimens and 12% in sputum. Only 8.6% of the BBs had co‐existent pulmonary malignancy. We concluded that BBs were common structures in pulmonary cytology and were not associated with pulmonary malignancy or pulmonary fibrosis in our series. They must be distinguished from contaminants, staining artifacts, and parasitic ova. Diagn Cytopathol 1987;3:284‐6.
Immunocytochemical confirmation of oral and respiratory herpesvirus infection by the immunoperoxidase method
Authors: Gupta Raj K. , Buchanan Andrew J. , Fauck Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecognition of diagnostic viral changes in general, and due to herpesvirus infection (HVI) in particular, from a variety of materials examined cytologically has added a new dimension to diagnostic cytology. Such recognition provides valuable information to the clinician when no infection is suspected. Previously, the diagnosis of HVI of the respiratory tract was only possible at postmortem, tissue culture, or diagnostic rise in antibody titer. This study describes our experience in the diagnosis of HVI of the respiratory tract initially suggested by sputum cytology and later confirmed by the immunoperoxidase method. The importance of sputum cytology in the diagnosis of HVI is emphasized. Diagn Cytopathol 1987;3:287‐90.