bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural and Electrochemical Performance of Sr0.9La0.1WO4Electrolyte Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Afif Ahmed , Bhuiyan Md. Humayun Kabir , Zaini Juliana , Abdalla Abdalla Mohamed , Rahman Seikh Mohammad Habibur , Azad Abul Kalam 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA possible component of power generation technologies, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) offer a high fuel-to-power conversion efficiency and no negative environmental impact. The solid-state sintering process was used to synthesize the scheelite-structured Sr0.9La0.1WO4(SLW1) electrolyte material, and phase stability and ionic conductivity were evaluated for their technological applicability for SOFC applications. The resulting mixture, which was a single phase in a tetragonal crystal system, produced a scheelite structure of the space group I41/a. Its symmetry, space group, and structural characteristics are confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) at room temperature and the Rietveld analysis that follows. A highly dense crystal structure was revealed by SEM examination. The ionic conductivity of the SLW1 sample is higher than SBW materials and lower than the conventional BCZY perovskite structure. At 900°C in both the wet Ar and dry Ar conditions, the SLW1 sample’s ionic conductivity was 2.41 × 10−5S cm-1and 1.76 × 10−5Scm−1. This scheelite-like compound showed a thick microstructure and substantial conductivity, making it a potential mixed ion-conducting electrolyte for SOFC.
Development and Analysis of Additively Manufactured Non-Pneumatic Tires for Mars Rover
Authors: Faisal Md Fahim , Akbar Naheen Ibn , Zayed Abdul Hasib Hasan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Mars rovers are developed using the most sophisticated technology. Competitions such as the University Rover Challenge (URC), European Rover Challenge (ERC), and Anatolian Rover Challenge (ARC) encourage students to become acquainted and experienced with cutting-edge technology. This paper focuses on the development and analysis of a modified version of a non-pneumatic tire (NPT) for the MIST Mars rover “Phoenix 2.0.” Recent studies show that NPT has a good potential to replace conventional tires. To optimize the tire design for the rover, many design aspects are considered. The additive manufacturing process is used to fabricate the tire model to ensure the proper geometrical shape and usage of material. Later, a static structural analysis is conducted to investigate the stress and deformation of the tire that it may experience during rover operation. The developed deformation and stress in this analysis are well protected by the honeycomb structures that are optimized from many design attempts. The result shows a positive indication of meeting the desired criteria that eventually results in the fabrication of the tire and participation in the ARC competition. This research will inspire others to contribute to the advancement of NPT in various circumstances where pneumatic tires perform inadequately.
Characteristics and Comparative Study of Sodium Hydroxide Treated Banana Fiber Reinforced Composite Material
Authors: Moon Mehrab Khan , Saha Showvik , Biswas Anindya , Paul Aranya Aumit 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Environmental issues have become a worldwide crisis because of the high rate of pollution and changing climate patterns. Due to innovations and discoveries, the need for materials is increasing day by day. Here, composite materials can be substituted for any other mono-clinic materials fulfilling the requirements of those particular materials. However, the maximum composite materials are man-made or artificially fabricated fibers. These are not environmentally friendly and bio-degradable, which creates an environmental hazard. So, scientists are trying to fabricate composite materials from eco-friendly and green resources. The main advantages of natural fibers are their low cost, easy availability, and low density. Besides these acceptable specific properties, ease of separation, increasing energy recovery, carbon-oxide neutrality, and recyclable properties are increasing the popularity of natural fiber. In this study, we have used mainly two types of banana fiber for preparing the composite specimens, especially highlighting the hybrid fiber, which is made by mixing those two types of fiber: “Shobri” and “Champa” banana fibers. These names are renowned locally in Bangladesh. In this study, polyester and MEKP are used as matrix and hardener sequentially. We have accomplished a chemical treatment process. The treating process was accomplished in the alkaline medium with two different molar concentrations of NaOH. These are 1% and 5% solutions of NaOH. After the treatment neutralization process was performed with a 1 gm/L acetic acid solution. In addition, two distinct mechanical tests— the bending and tensile tests—were carried out. The results indicated that the hybrid fiber treated with 1% NaOH had the highest tensile properties; its Young’s modulus was around 625 MPa and its tensile strength was approximately 36.42 MPa. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus of Champa banana fiber treated with 1% and 5% NaOH solutions were the lowest, respectively. Approximate values are 1.82 GPa and 18.3 MPa. The flexural strength of hybrid fiber treated with 1% and 5% NaOH was the highest and lowest in that order. 69.2 MPa and 56.21 MPa, respectively, are their values. Regarding flexural modulus, Champa fiber treated with 5% and 1% NaOH exhibits the highest and lowest values, measuring roughly 4 and 1.82 GPa, respectively.
Effect of Nylon Fiber Reinforcement on Mechanical Behavior of Expanded Perlite/Sodium Silicate Composites
Authors: Takey A.S.M. Aziz Naser , Hossain G.M. Ismail , Sarker Soumik , Arifuzzaman Md 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this research, expanded perlite/sodium silicate composites reinforced with nylon fibers were manufactured with varying percentages of nylon fibers without changing the quantity of expanded perlite and sodium silicate solution. The composites were made by compression molding and cured at a temperature of 120 degrees Celsius for 48 hours. The flexural and compression tests were conducted according to the ASTM standards in the universal testing machine. The maximum flexural and compressive properties are found for 1.62 percent nylon fiber reinforcement. The addition of a higher quantity of nylon fiber in the composites deteriorates the compressive and flexural properties. The energy absorption during flexural and compression tests is improved significantly due to nylon fiber reinforcement. The fiber-reinforced composites show the ability to carry a significant amount of load even after crack initiation.
The effects of ZrSi2 on the ablation and insulation performances of low-density carbon-phenolic composites
Authors: Chen Yaxi , Huang Xuechen , Wang Feilong , Jiao Qiming , Fu Yuxin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Carbon-phenolic (C-Ph) composites are typical ablative thermal protection materials. Excellent ablation and insulation performance indicate a decreased thickness of the thermal shield. Thus, ZrSi2 particles were introduced to improve the performance of the low-density C-Ph composite. An oxyacetylene flame torch was used to examine the ablation and insulating characteristics. The curing process of the matrix resin was not affected by ZrSi2. The thermal conductivities of the composites with different ZrSi2 contents ranged from 0.219 ∼ 0.254 W K−1·m−1. A continuous but not very compact cover was formed on the ablating surface of the C-Ph composite with 10% ZrSi2, which limited the escape of the charred matrix. The passageways for the gaseous products of the charring phenolic compounds were also not impeded by this cover. The C-Ph composite with 10% ZrSi2 exhibited the lowest linear loss rate (0.0081 mm s−1) and the best heat insulating performance.
Legitimacy without Authority
Authors: Brinkmann Matthias 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This chapter argues that political legitimacy, understood as the moral permission to exercise power, does not require authority, understood as the moral power to change rights and duties. Two models are contrasted: on the Authority Model, legitimate political institutions are (normally) required to have authority. By contrast, the Transmission Model claims that political institutions merely trigger changes in the rights and duties of subjects without possessing authority. Especially because we can expect political institutions not to possess authority (as philosophical anarchism claims), the Transmission Model is shown to be theoretically and morally preferable. The chapter also answers various objections to the Transmission Model and sketches its theoretical and practical implications.
Formulating Instrumentalism
Authors: Brinkmann Matthias 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Liberal instrumentalism claims that legitimacy depends on justice, similar to how consequentialism claims that rightness depends on goodness. This chapter considers some issues how one might formulate this relationship more precisely, coming to the result that: (1) legitimate institutions should best promote justice within feasible limits, instead of just being good enough at promoting justice (maximizing instrumentalism); (2) there is no privileged level on which instrumentalism applies, instead of setting a specific focus on, say, constitutional essentials (omnifocal instrumentalism); and (3) legitimate institutions best promote justice relative to the best theory of justice and the best available empirical evidence (mixed instrumentalism). Some problems with the possibility that justice’s scope might be limited are also discussed.
‘All brilliant gloss’: the liminal visual in Softley’s The Wings of the Dove
Authors: Bartlett Jami 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article examines Ian Softley’s 1997 adaptation of Henry James’s 1902 novel The Wings of the Dove as a study in the representation of liminal sociocultural moments, specifically through its infusive representation of the character of Aunt Maud, played in the film by Charlotte Rampling. James’s Maud is the financial centre of the narrative, a complex and contradictory weaponization of philistine convention and vulgar immorality, a collage of surfaces repeatedly described as gloss on a double-sided coin. James felt that the diffusiveness of Maud’s power was the novel’s structural problem, because it inhabited a liminal space where the desires of the individual coextend with the desires of the market, and thereby dislocated the centre of critique and control in the text, moving the reader further and further away from the commercial trappings of their cultural moment. The filmmakers claimed that eliminating Maud allowed them to update the novel’s language, costumes, etiquette, and environment for a younger audience, but the film was dismissed as a pandering cash grab, an attempt to make Henry James a brand. In this way, the film diminishes Maud’s presence but empowers her narrative agency; resituating James’s brand of displacement, alienation, and loss into a liminal environment makes Maud’s commercial influence so inescapable and self-reflexive that it makes the film look like one of her many enterprises.
Accuracy of MRI-ultrasound fusion-guided and systematic biopsy of the prostate
Authors: in de Braekt Thomas , van Rooij Sanne B T , Daniels-Gooszen Alette W , Scheepens Wout A , de Jongh Rik , Bosch Steven L , Nederend Joost 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Prostate multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) with subsequent targeted biopsy of suspicious lesions has a critical role in the diagnostic workup of prostate cancer. The objective was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of systematic biopsies, targeted biopsies, and the combination of both in prostate cancer detection.

Methods
From January 1, 2013 to June 1, 2022, biopsy-naïve and prior biopsy-negative patients who underwent both systematic and targeted biopsies were included. MRIs were evaluated according to PI-RADS with biopsy threshold set at PI-RADS ≥3. Systematic biopsies consisted of 8-12 cores, based on prostate volume. Overall prostate cancer and clinically significant cancer (Gleason Score ≥3 + 4) detection rates were stratified based on PI-RADS and location within the prostate, and compared between biopsy types using McNemar test.

Results
Among 867 patients, 615 had prostate cancer, with 434 clinically significant cases. Overall detection rates were: PI-RADS 3 48%, PI-RADS 4 72%, and PI-RADS 5 90%. Detection rates for clinically significant cancer were 21%, 53%, and 72%, respectively. The combination of biopsy methods was most accurate in detecting clinically significant prostate cancer (P &lt; .001). Targeted biopsies alone detected more clinically significant prostate cancer than systematic biopsies alone (43.1% vs 40.3%, P = .046). For posterior PI-RADS 5 lesions, no statistically significant difference was found between all biopsy methods.

Conclusions
In the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer, the combination of systematic and targeted biopsies proves most effective. Targeted biopsies rarely missed significant cancer for posterior PI-RADS 5 lesions, suggesting systematic biopsies could be reserved for instances where targeted biopsy results are negative.

Advances in knowledge
This study emphasizes on the efficacy of mpMRI and targeted biopsies in suspected prostate cancer in real-world clinical context. For PI-RADS 5 lesions, systematic biopsies provide limited clinical benefit and may only be necessary when targeted biopsy results are negative.
I prefer the MitraClip in these cases: the 5-year COAPT data
Authors: Bartorelli Antonio L , Grancini Luca , Monizzi Giovanni , Gallinoro Emanuele , Mastrangelo Angelo , Mallia Vincenzo , Fabbiocchi Franco , Andreini Daniele 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The COAPT 5-year data demonstrate that compared with medical treatment transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) with the MitraClip in symptomatic patients with Grade 3+/Grade 4+ secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR) reduced by nearly half the annualized hospitalization risk (33 vs. 57%), by almost 30% the death rate (57 vs. 67%) and achieved significant and durable SMR reduction in 95% of patients. Control patients who crossed over to TEER at 2 years had better prognosis, but nearly half of them died before reaching crossover eligibility. Death or hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) occurred in 73.6% of TEER patients and 91.5% of controls within 5 years, pointing to a need for further study to address left ventricle (LV) dysfunction, the underlying cause of patient’s disease. MTRA-FR targeted SMR using the same device and did not improve the composite endpoint of all-cause mortality or HHF at 12 months. Possible reasons for the discrepancy include enrolment of patients with more severe MR and less-advanced LV disease (dilation/dysfunction), less-procedural complications, and higher success in reducing MR in COAPT compared with MITRA-FR. Thus, the ideal patient for MitraClip treatment would be one with severe MR, but with no too severe LV dilation/dysfunction, which is what differentiates COAPT patients from those in MITRA-FR.
The role of sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in myocardial infarction: available evidence and future perspectives
Authors: Tavecchia Giovanni Amedeo , Gualini Elena , Sacco Alice , Oliva Fabrizio 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
There is an unmet need for new treatment options for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) as progress in patients’ outcomes has plateaued over the past 15 years. Sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have demonstrated cardio-renal benefits in various disease states, encompassing diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and heart failure. Experimental studies further support their use in AMI, demonstrating beneficial effects in animal models by reducing infarct size and mitigating adverse cardiac remodelling. Recently, two clinical trials have been published thus paving the way for a new field to explore. This paper briefly outlines the available evidence and future perspectives regarding the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in this clinical scenario.
Immediate multivessel revascularization after myocardial infarction: change of strategy?
Authors: Capranzano Piera , Lombardo Luca 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Multivessel coronary artery disease (MVD) is a frequently encountered condition in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the culprit vessel. Several studies have demonstrated the benefit of complete coronary revascularization compared with the treatment of the culprit lesion only in patients with STEMI. Based on this evidence, the current European guidelines recommend that in haemodynamically stable patients with STEMI and MVD, routine complete revascularization should be achieved either during the same procedure in concomitance with the treatment of the culprit lesion (immediate multivessel PCI) or with a subsequent intervention within 45 days from the index PCI of the culprit lesion (deferred multivessel PCI). However, the guidelines do not express a preference for immediate vs. delayed multivessel PCI. Therefore, the optimal timing of the treatment of non-culprit lesions in patients with STEMI and haemodynamic stability is still debated and has been evaluated in recent studies that showed the non-inferiority of immediate vs. delayed multivessel PCI. The article discusses the results and clinical implications of these studies on the timing of complete revascularization of non-culprit lesions in haemodynamically stable patients with STEMI.
The point on the treatment of arrhythmic storm
Authors: Lazzari Ludovico , Donzelli Stefano , Tordini Alessandra , Parise Antonio , Pirozzi Ciro , Di Meo Federica , Marallo Carmine , Pace Vincenzo , Marini Chiara , Carreras Giovanni 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Arrhythmic storm is a clinical emergency associated with high mortality, which requires multi-disciplinary management. Reprogramming of the implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) aimed at reducing shocks, adrenergic blockade using beta-blockers, sedation/anxiolysis, and blockade of the stellate ganglion represent the first simple and effective manoeuvres, but further suppression of arrhythmias with antiarrhythmics is often required. A low-risk patient (e.g. monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, functioning ICD, and haemodynamically stable) should be managed with a beta-blocker (possibly non-selective) plus amiodarone, in addition to sedation with a benzodiazepine or dexmedetomidine; in patients at greater risk (high burden and haemodynamic instability), autonomic modulation with blockade of the stellate ganglion and the addition of a second antiarrhythmic (lidocaine) should be considered. In patients refractory to these measures, with advanced heart failure, general anaesthesia with intubation and the establishment of a haemodynamic circulatory support should be considered. Ablation, performed early, appears to be superior in terms of mortality and reduction of future shocks compared with titration of antiarrhythmics.
Brugada syndrome: identification of subjects at risk and therapy
Authors: Gaita Fiorenzo , Cerrato Natascia , Giustetto Carla , Garberoglio Lucia , Calò Leonardo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Brugada syndrome mainly affects young subjects with structurally normal heart and can cause x syncope or sudden death due to ventricular arrhythmias, even as the first manifestation, in approximately 5–10% of cases. To date, two questions remain open: how to recognize subjects who will experience arrhythmic events and how to treat them. The guidelines suggest treating subjects with a previous history of cardiac arrest or arrhythmogenic syncope, while they are unconclusive about the management of asymptomatic patients, who represent ∼90% of Brugada patients. We recently demonstrated that in asymptomatic patients, the presence of spontaneous Brugada type 1 electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern and inducibility of ventricular arrhythmias at electrophysiological study allows us to identify a group of patients at greater risk who deserve treatment. Regarding treatment, there are three options: implantable cardioverter defibrillator, drugs, and epicardial transcatheter ablation. Recent studies have shown that the latter is effective and free from serious side effects, thus opening a new scenario in the treatment of Brugada patients at risk. Subjects who present drug-induced-only type 1 Brugada ECG pattern, in whom a spontaneous type 1 pattern has been ruled out with repeated ECGs and 12-lead 24-h Holter monitoring, represent a very low-risk group, provided they adhere to behavioural recommendations and undergo regular follow-up.
Controversy in cardiology: clopidogrel or acetylsalicylic acid in the treatment of chronic coronary syndromes?
Authors: Gatto Laura , Scalia Lorenzo , Biccirè Flavio Giuseppe , Prati Francesco 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Secondary prevention of patients with chronic coronary syndrome is based on the long-term use of a single anti-aggregating drug which is traditionally represented by acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in light of the results of studies and meta-analyses which have demonstrated a clear anti-ischaemic efficacy against of an acceptable increase in the risk of bleeding, especially intracranial and gastrointestinal bleeding. The availability of drugs such as clopidogrel, which inhibits platelet activity through the P2Y12 receptor pathway, has called into question this paradigm, also in consideration of the fact that the scientific evidence that supports the use of ASA in secondary prevention is based on dated studies with some limitations. Over the last few years, randomized trials have demonstrated how clopidogrel has an efficacy profile comparable to that of ASA and a safety profile that is sometimes even better. In light of the new evidence, it is therefore legitimate to ask whether in this clinical scenario, ASA should still be considered the drug of choice or whether clopidogrel could represent the preferable alternative.
The golden hour in shock management: do a lot, do it quickly
Authors: Marini Marco , Belleggia Sara , Brugiatelli Leonardo , Francioni Matteo , Battistoni Ilaria , Shkoza Matilda , Pongetti Giulia , Angelini Luca , Belfioretti Leonardo , Matassini Maria Vittoria 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cardiogenic shock can be defined as a state of inadequate organ perfusion linked primarily to cardiac pump dysfunction. The two predominant causes of this condition are acute myocardial infarction and acutely decompensated heart failure (ADHF). In recent years, a significant increase in cases of cardiogenic shock from ADHF has been described. Recent evidence has defined that the factors with the greatest impact on the prognosis in this context are the early clinical assessment, the definition of the aetiology, the timely application of pharmacological therapies, or individualized mechanical supports for the circulation. Haemodynamic monitoring can help in the phenotyping of cardiogenic shock and therefore guide therapeutic choices, especially if implemented with the aid of advanced monitoring tools such as the Swan–Ganz catheter. Finally, the presence of a dedicated shock team in the ‘hub’ centres is fundamental, which facilitates the choice of the best therapeutic strategy on a case-by-case basis.