bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The power of gibbon songs: Going beyond the research to inform conservation actions
Authors: Cheyne Susan M. , Thompson Carolyn , Martin Alizeé , K. Aulia Abdul Aziz , Birot Helene , Cahyaningrum Eka , Aragay Joana , Hutasoit Petricia Andini , Sugardjito Jito 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGibbons (Hylobatidae) are the smallest of the apes, known for their arboreal behavior and stereotyped songs. These species and sex‐specific songs are often the subject of detailed studies regarding their evolution, responses to changing environments, involvement in social behavior, and used to design vocalization‐based survey techniques to monitor population densities and trends. What is poorly understood is the value and impact of using the science and sound of gibbon vocalization and gibbon stories in education and outreach to complement nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) efforts. We present an example of how Borneo Nature Foundation, a NGOs based in Indonesia, is working to use the recordings of the songs of Bornean white‐bearded gibbons (Hylobates albibarbis) to inform conservation actions and education efforts. Gibbons in Indonesia are often poorly known or understood by the public compared to orangutans (Pongo spp). We showcase how a field of study, namely primate acoustics, is an untapped resource to create digital content to engage with local, national and international communities and can be developed into educational tools in the form of storytelling, mobile apps and games, to highlight the plight of these threatened species and how to conserve them.
LRP1 facilitates hepatic glycogenesis by improving the insulin signaling pathway in HFD‐fed mice
Authors: Guo Xingxian , Pu Jiangxia , Tang Ziqi , Jia Can , Yang Fan , Liu Tianyi , Ding Yinyuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundLDL receptor‐related protein‐1 (LRP1) is a cell‐surface receptor that functions in diverse physiological pathways. We previously demonstrated that hepatocyte‐specific LRP1 deficiency (hLRP1KO) promotes diet‐induced insulin resistance and increases hepatic gluconeogenesis in mice. However, it remains unclear whether LRP1 regulates hepatic glycogenesis.MethodsInsulin signaling, glycogenic gene expression, and glycogen content were assessed in mice and HepG2 cells. The pcDNA 3.1 plasmid and adeno‐associated virus serotype 8 vector (AAV8) were used to overexpress the truncated β‐chain (β∆) of LRP1 both in vitro and in vivo.ResultsOn a normal chow diet, hLRP1KO mice exhibited impaired insulin signaling and decreased glycogen content. Moreover, LRP1 expression in HepG2 cells was significantly repressed by palmitate in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. Both LRP1 knockdown and palmitate treatment led to reduced phosphorylation of Akt and GSK3β, increased levels of phosphorylated glycogen synthase (GYS), and diminished glycogen synthesis in insulin‐stimulated HepG2 cells, which was restored by exogenous expression of the β∆‐chain. By contrast, AAV8‐mediated hepatic β∆‐chain overexpression significantly improved the insulin signaling pathway, thus activating glycogenesis and enhancing glycogen storage in the livers of high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed mice.ConclusionOur data revealed that LRP1, especially its β‐chain, facilitates hepatic glycogenesis by improving the insulin signaling pathway, suggesting a new therapeutic strategy for hepatic insulin resistance‐related diseases.
How can we establish animal models of HIV‐associated lymphoma?
Authors: Xiao Qing , Zhai Liuyue , Zhang Xiaomei , Liu Yi , Li Jun , Xie Xiaoqing , Xu Guofa , He Sanxiu , Fu Huihui , Tang Yifeng , Zhang Fujie , Liu Yao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is strongly associated with a heightened incidence of lymphomas. To mirror the natural course of human HIV infection, animal models have been developed. These models serve as valuable tools to investigate disease pathobiology, assess antiretroviral and immunomodulatory drugs, explore viral reservoirs, and develop eradication strategies. However, there are currently no validated in vivo models of HIV‐associated lymphoma (HAL), hampering progress in this crucial domain, and scant attention has been given to developing animal models dedicated to studying HAL, despite their pivotal role in advancing knowledge. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the existing animal models of HAL, which may enhance our understanding of the underlying pathogenesis and approaches for malignancies linked to HIV infection.
Der Einschluss von nachhaltigen Kohlenstoffpunkten führt zu langnachleuchtenden Emittern und zu Photokatalysatoren für die radikalische Photopolymerisation
Authors: Wang Ping , Ge Min , Luo Xiongfei , Zhai Yingxiang , Meckbach Nicolai , Strehmel Veronika , Li Shujun , Chen Zhijun , Strehmel Bernd 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNachhaltige Kohlenstoffpunkte auf der Basis von Cellulose, insbesondere Carboxymethylcellulose basierende Kohlenstoffpunkte (CMCCDs), wurden in ein anorganisches Netzwerk eingeschlossen, was zur Bildung von CMCCDs@SiO2 führte. Das resultierende Material zeigte ein lange anhaltendes Nachleuchten, welches ein Zeitfenster von mehreren Sekunden auch in Gegenwart von Luft umfasste. Temperaturabhängige Emissionsspektren gaben eine Information über die thermisch aktivierte verzögerte Fluoreszenz (TADF) und eine Phosphoreszenz bei Raumtemperatur (RTP), während Experimente zur photoinduzierten Generierung von Ladungsträgern zu einem tieferen Verständnis der Verfügbarkeit von Ladungen in der Dunkelphase führten und daher zu ihrer Verfügbarkeit an der Katalysatoroberfläche. Der photo‐ATRP Initiator α‐Bromphenylethylacetat (EBPA) bewirkte eine Löschung der Emission, was zu einer Verkürzung des Zeitfensters für die Emission vom Millisekundenbereich in den Nanosekundenbereich führte und auf eine Beteiligung des Triplettzustandes an dem photoinduzierten Elektronentransfer (PET) hinweist. Sowohl die freie radikalische Polymerisation als auch die kontrollierte auf einem photo‐ATRP Protokoll basierende radikalische Polymerisation von MMA oder in Kombination mit Styren funktionierten erfolgreich. Die metallfreie photo‐ATRP führte basierend auf einem reduktiven Mechanismus zu einem kettenverlängerbaren Makroinitiator. Die Zugabe von 9 ppm Cu2+ führte zu einem Verhältnis Mw/Mn von 1.4 obwohl eine Erhöhung auf 72 ppm die Einheitlichkeit der Polymere verbesserte, was einem Mw/Mn=1.03 entspricht. Ergänzende Experimente mit in kerria laca eingeschlossenen Kohlenstoffpunkten, insbesondere KCDs@SiO2, führten zu ähnlichen Ergebnissen. Die Abscheidung von Cu2+ (9 ppm) an der Photokatalysatoroberfläche erklärt die bessere Dispersität der Polymere, welche mittels der ATRP gebildet wurden.
Tunable Narrow‐Band Cyan‐Emission of Eu2+‐doped Nitridomagnesophosphates Ba3−xSrx[Mg2P10N20] : Eu2+ (x=0–3)
Authors: Pritzl Reinhard M. , Pointner Monika M. , Witthaut Kristian , Strobel Philipp , Schmidt Peter J. , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTetrahedron‐based nitrides offer a wide range of properties and applications. Highly condensed nitridophosphates are examples of nitrides that exhibit fascinating luminescence properties when doped with Eu2+, making them appealing for industrial applications. Here, we present the first nitridomagnesophosphate solid solution series Ba3−xSrx[Mg2P10N20] : Eu2+ (x=0–3), synthesized by a high‐pressure high‐temperature approach using the multianvil technique (3 GPa, 1400 °C). Starting from the binary nitrides P3N5 and Mg3N2 and the respective alkaline earth azides, we incorporate Mg into the P/N framework to increase the degree of condensation κ to 0.6, the highest observed value for alkaline earth nitridophosphates. The crystal structure was elucidated by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, powder X‐ray diffraction, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), and solid‐state NMR. DFT calculations were performed on the title compounds and other related highly condensed nitridophosphates to investigate the influence of Mg in the P/N network. Eu2+‐doped samples of the solid solution series show a tunable narrow‐band emission from cyan to green (492–515 nm), which is attributed to the preferred doping of a single crystallographic site. Experimental confirmation of this assumption was provided by overdoping experiments and STEM‐HAADF studies on the series as well on the stoichiometric compound Ba2Eu[Mg2P10N20] with additional atomic resolution energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping.
Cage‐To‐Cage Transformations in Self‐Assembled Coordination Cages Using “Acid/Base” or “Guest Binding‐Induced Strain” as Stimuli
Authors: Sivalingam Vellaiyadevan , Parbin Minaz , Krishnaswamy Shobhana , Chand Dillip Kumar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractControlling supramolecular systems between different functional forms by utilizing acids/bases as stimuli is a formidable challenge, especially where labile coordination bonds are involved. A pair of acid/base responsive, interconvertible 1,5‐enedione/pyrylium based Pd2L4‐type cages are prepared that exhibit differential guest binding abilities towards disulfonates of varied sizes. A three‐state switch has been achieved, where (i) a weakly coordinating base induced cage‐to‐cage transformation in the first step, (ii) a strongly coordinating base triggered cage disassembly as the second step, and (iii) the third step shows acid(strong) promoted generation of initial cage, thereby completing the cycle. To our surprise, binding of a specific disulfonate guest facilitated cage‐to‐cage transformations by inducing strain on the cage assembly thereby opening the labile pyrylium rings of the cage. Through a competitive guest binding study, we demonstrated the superior guest binding capability of the octacationic pyrylium‐based cage over a similar‐sized tetracationic cage. These results provide a reliable approach to reversibly modulate the guest binding properties of acid/base‐responsive self‐assembled coordination cages.
Unveiling Low Temperature Assembly of Dense Fe‐N4 Active Sites via Hydrogenation in Advanced Oxygen Reduction Catalysts
Authors: Yin Shuhu , Li Yanrong , Yang Jian , Liu Jia , Yang Shuangli , Cheng Xiaoyang , Huang Huan , Huang Rui , Wang Chong‐Tai , Jiang Yanxia , Sun Shigang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe single‐atom Fe−N−C is a prominent material with exceptional reactivity in areas of sustainable energy and catalysis research. It is challenging to obtain the dense Fe‐N4 site without the Fe nanoparticles (NPs) sintering during the Fe−N−C synthesis via high‐temperature pyrolysis. Thus, a novel approach is devised for the Fe−N−C synthesis at low temperatures. Taking FeCl2 as Fe source, a hydrogen environment can facilitate oxygen removal and dichlorination processes in the synthesis, efficiently favouring Fe‐N4 site formation without Fe NPs clustering at as low as 360 °C. We shed light on the reaction mechanism about hydrogen promoting Fe‐N4 formation in the synthesis. By adjusting the temperature and duration, the Fe‐N4 structural evolution and site density can be precisely tuned to directly influence the catalytic behaviour of the Fe−N−C material. The FeNC‐H2‐360 catalyst demonstrates a remarkable Fe dispersion (8.3 wt %) and superior acid ORR activity with a half‐wave potential of 0.85 V and a peak power density of 1.21 W cm−2 in fuel cell. This method also generally facilitates the synthesis of various high‐performance M−N−C materials (M=Fe, Co, Mn, Ni, Zn, Ru) with elevated single‐atom loadings.
Helicene Aromaticity Deviates from the Clar Rule—On the Electronic Dissimilarity of Large Isomeric Fibonacenes
Authors: Sturm Ludmilla , Artigas Albert , Coquerel Yoann , Bechtold Ivan H. , Durola Fabien , Bock Harald 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis combined experimental and theoretical study illustrates the profound consequences of non‐planarity on the electronic properties of polycyclic arenes. Three isomeric [10]fibonacene tetraesters were synthesized through a robust and regiocontrolled Perkin/Mallory approach: a nearly planar [10]phenacene derivative, a moderately twisted [10]semicircle derivative, and a 3D non‐planar [10]helicene derivative. The photophysical properties of the 3D [10]helicene isomer were found to be dramatically different from the comparable ones of the [10]phenacene and [10]semicircle isomers. The aromatic properties of the [10]phenacene and [10]semicircle isomers conform well with their predictive Kekulé and Clar analyses, but the [10]helicene isomer deviates from these general topological rules, which appears to be a general phenomenon for [n]fibonacenes with n≥9.
Pyridine‐Based Covalent Organic Frameworks with Pyridyl‐Imine Structures for Boosting Photocatalytic H2O2 Production via One‐Step 2e− Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Wu Weijian , Li Zixuan , Liu Shiyin , Zhang Di , Cai Bingzi , Liang Yizhao , Wu Mingxing , Liao Yaozu , Zhao Xiaojia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBipyridine‐based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as promising contenders for the photocatalytic generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). However, the presence of imine nitrogen alters the mode of H2O2 generation from an efficient one‐step two‐electron (2e−) route to a two‐step 2e− oxygen reduction pathway. In this work, we introduce 3,3′‐bipyridine units into imine‐based COF skeletons, creating a pyridyl‐imine structure with two adjacent nitrogen atoms between the pyridine ring and imine linkage. This unique bipyridine‐like architecture can effectively suppress the two‐step 2e− ORR process at the single imine‐nitrogen site, facilitating a more efficient one‐step 2e− pathway. Consequently, the optimized pyridyl‐imine COF (PyIm‐COF) exhibits a remarkable H2O2 production rate of up to 5850 μmol h−1 g−1, nearly double that of pristine bipyridine COFs. This work provides valuable insight into the rational design of functionalized COFs for enhanced H2O2 production in photocatalysis.
Additive Manufacturing of Micro‐Architected Copper based on an Ion‐Exchangeable Hydrogel
Authors: Ma Songhua , Bai Wuxin , Xiong Dajun , Shan Guibin , Zhao Zijie , Yi Wenbin , Wang Jieping 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) of copper through laser‐based processes poses challenges, primarily attributed to the high thermal conductivity and low laser absorptivity of copper powder or wire as the feedstock. Although the use of copper salts in vat photopolymerization‐based AM techniques has garnered recent attention, achieving micro‐architected copper with high conductivity and density has remained elusive. In this study, we present a facile and efficient process to create complex 3D micro‐architected copper structures with superior electrical conductivity and hardness. The process entails the formulation of an ion‐exchangeable photoresin, followed by the utilization of digital light processing (DLP) printing to sculpt 3D hydrogel scaffolds, which were transformed into Cu2+‐chelated polymer frameworks (Cu‐CPFs) with a high loading of Cu2+ ions through ion exchange, followed by debinding and sintering, results in the transformation of Cu‐CPFs into miniaturized copper architectures. This methodology represents an efficient pathway for the creation of intricate micro‐architected 3D metal structures.
Palladium‐Catalyzed C3‐Carbaldehyde Directed Regioselective C2‐Thioarylation of Indoles
Authors: Kumar Gupta Sandip , Panda Niranjan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed thioarylation of indoles by diaryl disulfides in the presence of phenyliododiacetate is reported. The directing potential of weakly coordinating aldehyde group present at 3‐position of indole was exploited for regioselective C2‐H thioarylation over the possible C4‐H functionalization. Mechanistic studies reveal that the process involves initial generation of thioaryl radical followed by sequential C−H activation, thiolate transfer, and reductive elimination.
Characterization and engineering of peroxisome targeting sequences for compartmentalization engineering in Pichia pastoris
Authors: Ye Cuifang , Hong Haosen , Gao Jucan , Li Mengxin , Gou Yuanwei , Gao Di , Dong Chang , Huang Lei , Xu Zhinan , Lian Jiazhang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPeroxisomal compartmentalization has emerged as a highly promising strategy for reconstituting intricate metabolic pathways. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the peroxisomes through harnessing precursor pools, circumventing metabolic crosstalk, and minimizing the cytotoxicity of exogenous pathways. However, it is important to note that in methylotrophic yeasts (e.g. Pichia pastoris), the abundance and protein composition of peroxisomes are highly variable, particularly when peroxisome proliferation is induced by specific carbon sources. The intricate subcellular localization of native proteins, the variability of peroxisomal metabolic pathways, and the lack of systematic characterization of peroxisome targeting signals have limited the applications of peroxisomal compartmentalization in P. pastoris. Accordingly, this study established a high‐throughput screening method based on β‐carotene biosynthetic pathway to evaluate the targeting efficiency of PTS1s (Peroxisome Targeting Signal Type 1) in P. pastoris. First, 25 putative endogenous PTS1s were characterized and 3 PTS1s with high targeting efficiency were identified. Then, directed evolution of PTS1s was performed by constructing two PTS1 mutant libraries, and a total of 51 PTS1s (29 classical and 22 noncanonical PTS1s) with presumably higher peroxisomal targeting efficiency were identified, part of which were further characterized via confocal microscope. Finally, the newly identified PTS1s were employed for peroxisomal compartmentalization of the geraniol biosynthetic pathway, resulting in more than 30% increase in the titer of monoterpene compared with when the pathway was localized to the cytosol. The present study expands the synthetic biology toolkit and lays a solid foundation for peroxisomal compartmentalization in P. pastoris.
Prevalence of attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder in adult prisoners: An updated meta‐analysis
Authors: Fazel Seena , Favril Louis 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrevious meta‐analyses may have overestimated the prevalence of attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in prisoners by including data from selected samples.AimsTo estimate the prevalence of ADHD in unselected samples of adults in prison and examine potential sources of heterogeneity by meta‐regression and subgroup analyses.MethodsWe assessed all studies included in a 2018 systematic review for eligibility and updated the literature search to include studies published up to September 2023.ResultsA total of 11 studies reporting robust diagnostic data on ADHD in 3919 unselected adults in prison were included. In meta‐regression, ADHD prevalence did not differ between men and women but it was significantly higher in studies using a two‐phase design. In random sampling studies, the pooled prevalence of ADHD was 8.3% (95% CI: 3.8–12.8) which was further halved after the removal of an outlier.ConclusionOne in 12 adults in prison have been diagnosed with ADHD. Our findings highlight the importance of using clear and consistent inclusion criteria in meta‐analyses of prevalence.
Solid state, pulsed‐wave 355 nm UV laser atherectomy debulking in the treatment of infrainguinal peripheral arterial disease: The Pathfinder Registry
Authors: Das Tony S. , Shammas Nicolas W. , Yoho Jason A. , Martinez‐Clark Pedro , Ramaiah Venkatesh , Leon Luis R. , Pacanowski John P. , Tai Zaheed , Ali Vaqar , Arslan Bulent , Rundback John 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAtherectomy is an important option for debulking atherosclerotic plaque from diseased arteries in patients with infrainguinal arterial disease. Laser atherectomy uses a high‐powered laser to remove the plaque from the arteries to restore blood flow.AimsThe Pathfinder multicenter registry was initiated to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the 355 nm laser atherectomy system in a real‐world setting for the treatment of de novo, re‐stenotic and in‐stent restenosis (ISR) lesions in infrainguinal arteries of patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD).MethodsThe study was a prospective, single‐arm, multicenter, open‐label registry study for patients treated with the 355 nm laser system. Clinical and lesion characteristics, procedural safety and efficacy data, and baseline, 6‐, and 12‐month outcomes data, including Ankle Brachial Index (ABI), Rutherford class, and Walking Impairment Questionnaires (WIQ), were collected. The primary efficacy endpoint was the achievement of ≤30% final residual stenosis at the index lesion postatherectomy and adjunctive therapy evaluated by an angiographic Core Lab. The primary safety endpoint was the percentage of subjects who did not experience periprocedural major adverse events (PPMAEs) before discharge.ResultsOne hundred and two subjects with 121 lesions treated with the 355 nm laser device at 10 centers were included in the analysis. Mean age was 68.4 ± 10.21 years, 61.8% of subjects were male, 44.6% had critical limb ischemia (CLI), and 47.3% had tibial lesions. The mean residual stenosis at the end of the procedure was 24.4 ± 15.5 with 69 lesions (69.0%) achieving technical procedural success (<30% stenosis); similar rates were observed for subjects with ISR (25.5 ± 14.9), chronic total occlusion (CTO) (28.1 ± 17.0), and severe calcification (36.5 ± 21.6) lesions. Mean ABI, Rutherford, and WIQ scores were improved at both 6 and 12 months. Ninety‐seven of 102 subjects (95.1%) met the primary safety endpoint of not experiencing a PPMAE before discharge.ConclusionsThe initial data from the Pathfinder Registry demonstrates the 355 nm laser system is safe and effective in a real‐world setting for performing atherectomy in patients with infrainguinal PAD.
Extent of cardiac damage before transcatheter aortic valve replacement: Beyond aortic stenosis per se
Authors: Kornowski Ran 
Published: April 2024

Key points
The cardiac damage classification characterized the extent of cardiac pathology associated with AS before AVR.
Such classification has important prognostic implications for clinical outcomes and repeat HF or CV hospitalizations after TAVR.
Adjunctive cardiac pathology could extend beyond AS per se, which makes it a wide‐ranging syndrome with diverse prognostic and therapeutic implications.