bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of portal vein tumor thrombus by pulsed Doppler ultrasonography
Authors: Furuse Junji , Matsutani Shoichi , Yoshikawa Masaharu , Ebara Masaaki , Saisho Hiromitsu , Tsuchiya Yukihiro , Oht Masao 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe blood flow of portal vein thrombus was studied by pulsed Doppler ultrasonography in 21 patients with tumor thrombus and 14 with blood clot thrombus. Pulsatile waves were observed in 19 of the 21 with tumor thrombus, with backward continuous waves in 3, and forward/backward continuous waves in 2. In contrast, forward continuous waves were observed in 2 of the 14 with blood clot thrombus. By color imaging, the blood flow could be observed in 9 of 14 with tumor thrombus, but in 1 of 7 with blood clot thrombus. Pulsatile and backward continuous waves were characteristic of tumor thrombus.
Tuberculous pleural effusions: Ultrasonic diagnosis
Authors: Akhan Okan , Demirkazik Figen Basaran , Özmen Mustafa N , Balkanci Ferhun , Özkara Seref , Cöplö Lötfi , Emri Salih , Besim Aytekin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty patients with tuberculous pleural effusions were studied with ultrasonography. In 18 patients, ultrasonography demonstrated regular pleural thickening which was less than 1 cm except in 1 case. In 4 cases there were a few pleural nodules, whereas in 2 cases the pleural surface showed small nodularity. The latter finding may be diagnostic for a tuberculous etiology. Eighteen patients had multiple, delicate, mobile septations in the effusions, and a lattice‐like appearance had formed in 6 cases. Computed tomography was obtained in 7 cases, and pleural thickening was demonstrated in 6 of them. Ultrasonography is a useful imaging modality in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy.
Morphological appearance of renal allografts in transplant failure
Authors: Griffin J. F. , McNicholas M. M. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRenal allograft dysfunction may be due to a variety of causes including acute and chronic rejection, acute tubular necrosis, cyclosporine A toxicity, glomerulonephritis, and surgical causes. It can be difficult to distinguish between these etiologies. Ultrasound is a relatively simple, noninvasive method for imaging the transplant kidney, and is excellent for the diagnosis of surgical complications. The features of rejection include an increase in renal volume, reduced echogenicity, indistinctness of the corticomedullary junction, and splaying of the medullary pyramids. These findings, although suggestive of rejection, cannot differentiate reliably between rejection and other causes of allograft hypofunction. Doppler studies may show an increased resistive index in a kidney undergoing rejection, but this finding may also be seen in other pathological processes and is not specific. A normal ultrasound examination does not exclude rejection. Ultrasound is useful as a baseline examination. Abnormal findings should be interpreted in the light of the clinical situation in each case. Where there is any doubt about the diagnosis, ultrasound‐guided biopsy should be performed. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Complications of renal transplantation and the role of interventional radiology
Authors: Irving Henry C. , Habib Kashi S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAs rejection therapy has improved, the interventional complications of renal transplantation have increased in relative importance as potentially reversible causes of graft malfunction and failure. Ultrasonically guided aspiration and drainage techniques are essential for the characterization and subsequent management of perinephric fluid collections that occur in as many as 51% of cases, of which up to 18% may be clinically significant. In a series of 507 consecutive renal transplants, urological complications were seen in 9% of patients, consisting of ureteric obstruction in 6% and urinary leaks in 3%. Detection via ultrasound scanning, evaluation via antegrade pyelography and pressure‐flow tests, and management via percutaneous nephrostomy and ureteric stenting all contribute to rapid diagnosis and subsequent treatment. Serial ultrasound scanning of renal transplants and the aggressive use of interventional radiological techniques are vital to the early detection and management of complications, and can lead to preservation of graft function and continued improvement in graft survival figures. © John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Ultrasound assessment of the problem kidney transplant: A surgical prospective
Authors: Shaw J. F. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUltrasound investigation contributes to the assessment of transplanted kidneys. Ureteric obstruction and peri‐transplant fluid collections are shown satisfactorily, but the differentiation of graft rejection from cyclosporin A nephrotoxicity and continuing acute tubular necrosis is less straightforward. Doppler ultrasound is used to detect changes in graft blood circulation, but the results of such assessment vary between centers, and further improvements are required to improve the accuracy of diagnosis of causes of graft impairment by noninvasive methods.
Detection of intrauterine growth retardation in twins using individualized growth assessment: I. Evaluation of growth outcome at birth
Authors: Deter Russell L. , Stefos Theodor , Harrist Ronald B. , Hill Reba M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe growth of 17 sets of twins was evaluated at 2 to 3 week intervals from 15 weeks to delivery by measurement of the head circumference, abdominal circumference, and thigh circumference, and estimation of weight. The birth characteristics of these twins were compared to those predicted by Rossavik growth models, derived from second‐trimester ultrasound measurements, using the Growth Potential Realization Index (GPRI) and by comparison to population standards. Newborns were classified as normal or intrauterine growth retarded (IUGR) based on their Neonatal Growth Assessment Score, determined from GPRI values.All normal twins had birth weights that were appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age and had few abnormal birth measurements. The birth weight differences between normal twin fetuses were all <20%. IUGR twins were both small for gestational age (78%) and appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age (22%), and all had 3 or 4 abnormal GPRI values. In only 40% of the cases was the birth‐weight difference between a normal and an IUGR twin >20%. No single anatomic parameter evaluated at birth adequately separated the normal twins from those with IUGR. These results indicate the need for multiple parameter Individualized Growth Assessment in the detection of IUGR in twins. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Detection of intrauterine growth retardation in twins using individualized growth assessment. II. Evaluation of third‐trimester growth and prediction of growth outcome at birth
Authors: Deter Russell L. , Stefos Theodor , Harrist Ronald B. , Hill Reba M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSecond‐ and third‐trimester growth in 34 twin fetuses was evaluated with ultrasonography by measurement of five anatomic parameters. Rossavik growth models, derived from second‐trimester measurements, were used to specify expected thirdtrimester growth curves. Actual measurements were compared to predicted measurements by calculation of the percent deviations. Growth outcome at birth [normal, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)] was determined from Neonatal Growth Assessment Scores.Growth in the second trimester was similar in normal and IUGR twins. In the third trimester, abnormal negative deviations were larger and more numerous in IUGR twins. However, there was considerable individual variability and normal twins also had abnormal negative deviations. In IUGR twins, the first appearance of an abnormal negative deviation was quite variable (range: 28.6 weeks to 35.1 weeks), as was the parameter to show such a deviation.Prediction of neonatal outcome was poor using individual anatomic parameters but improved considerably with use of all five parameters. However, some fetuses were misclassified when only the number of abnormal negative deviations was used. The Prenatal Growth Assessment Score (PGAS), determined by both the number and magnitude of abnormal negative deviations, predicted neonatal outcomes with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100%. On average, PGAS values were abnormal 5 weeks before delivery. These results indicate that normal and IUGR twins can be separated, using third‐trimester growth patterns, if multiple parameter Individualized Fetal Growth Assessment is employed. © John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Doppler color flow imaging in the detection and quantitative measurement of the gastroduodenal artery blood flow
Authors: Uzawa Masahiro , Karasawa Eii , Sugiura Nobuyuki , Saotome Naoki , Kita Kazuhiko , Fukuda Hiroyuki , Miki Makoto , Togawa Yasuhiro , Kondou Fukuo , Matsutani Shouichi , Ohto Masao 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this article was to investigate the detection rate of gastroduodenal artery blood flow (GDABF), and to measure its velocity and volume flow rate using Doppler color imaging. The GDABF was detected in 40 of 41 (98%) normal subjects with longitudinal scanning and in 36 (88%) with transverse scanning. The velocity of the GDABF was 21 ± 8 cm/sec (m ± SD) and the volume flow rate was 67 ± 20 mL/min. Without color Doppler, the vascular lumina of the GDA was demonstrated in 27 (66%) subjects by longitudinal scanning and in 26 (63%) by transverse scanning. The hemodynamics of the GDA were revealed noninvasively using Doppler ultrasonography in a patient with a malignant islet cell tumor of the pancreas and one with a ductal cell carcinoma of the pancreas. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Endovaginal doppler flow measurements of the ovarian artery in patients with a normal menstrual cycle and with polycystic ovary syndrome during in vitro fertilization
Authors: Schurz Brigitte , Schön Hans J. , Wenzl Rene , Eppel Wolfgang , Huber Johannes , Reinold Emil 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWomen with a normal menstrual cycle (n = 21, controls), polycystic ovary syndrome (n = 10) and hypogonadotropic amenorrhea (n = 3) were stimulated with clomiphen‐citrate (4th day to 8th day of the cycle) and with human menopausal gonadotropin (8th day to 11th day). The vascular impedance of the ovary carrying the dominant follicles was monitored by endovaginal pulsed Doppler flow measurement. Simultaneously, serum levels of LH, E2 and 17‐OHP were assayed. Contrary to controls, women with polycystic ovary syndrome or hypogonadotropic amenorrhea showed decreased hormone levels and no lowering of the vascular impedance. In controls, the lower pulsatility index is caused by neovascularization around the dominant follicle and by E2‐induced vasodilatation in the ovarian artery. © 1993 by John Wiley & Sons.
Detection of free peritoneal fluid by transvaginal sonography
Authors: Nichols John E. , Steinkampf Michael P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe recognition of peritoneal fluid is of considerable clinical importance; however, the sensitivity of modern techniques for the detection of this finding has not been determined. The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of transvaginal sonography for the detection of free peritoneal fluid. Nineteen infertile women scheduled to undergo diagnostic laparoscopy were scanned with a 5‐MHz transvaginal probe just before the surgical procedure. Peritoneal fluid was then aspirated laparoscopically, and the volume and location was compared to the sonographic findings. The volume of fluid obtained at laparoscopy ranged from 0 mL to 45 mL (median 8 mL). All patients with fluid volumes ⩽0.8 mL had free fluid identified sonographically. The location of fluid observed sonographically corresponded to that noted at laparoscopy in all cases. Free peritoneal fluid was visualized in 8 (73%) of 11 patients with regular menstrual cycles who were in the follicular phase at the time of the study. We conclude that transvaginal sonography is a sensitive and reliable method for the detection of free peritoneal fluid in anatomically normal women. This finding should not necessarily be considered abnormal, at least in women of reproductive age, nor should it be considered diagnostic of oocyte release. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Image‐directed doppler ultrasonography: A novel technique for the diagnosis of colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Leen E. , Goldberg J. A. , Robertson J. , Angerson W. J. , Sutherland G. R. , Cooke T. G. , McArdle C. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImage‐directed Doppler ultrasonography has been used to measure changes in hepatic arterial and portal venous blood flows in 22 controls and 88 patients with colorectal cancer. Doppler Perfusion Index, (DPI, ratio of hepatic arterial to total liver blood flow) and Doppler Flow Ratio (DFR, ratio of hepatic arterial to portal venous blood flow) of controls and patients with overt liver metastases were clearly separated (p < 0.0001). There was a significant reduction in the Hepatic Arterial Resistive Index (HARI) of patients with overt liver metastases (p < 0.0001). Percentage Hepatic Replacement (PHR) by metastases, measured using a computed tomography scanner, did not correlate with DFR or DPI. The results suggest that the measurement of hepatic perfusion changes using image‐directed Doppler ultrasonography may be of value in the detection of small liver metastases. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Sonographic features of retroperitoneal neurilemoma
Authors: Kuo Chung‐Huang , Changchien Chi‐Sin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeven cases of retroperitoneal neurilemoma confirmed by histology had an ultrasound examination. There were 5 women and 2 men with a mean age of 55. Most of the cases (5/7) had a palpable mass clinically. Of the 7 cases, 4 had a mass with cystic degeneration and internal echoes on sonogram, consistent with the macroscopic findings of tumors. The internal echoes represented blood clots and residual tissue (or septa) in cyst. Or the remaining 3 cases, one showed a confluent lobulated mass, the second had a solitary homogeneous mass with small cysts, and the third one, which was the smallest (4 cm × 4 cm × 6 cm), had a hypoechoic and homogeneous pattern. The sonograms of all 7 cases were consistent with the macroscopic features of the tumors. The sonographic pattern of tumor parenchyma is either homogenously hyperechoic or hypoechoic. Because of the cystic degeneration, hemorrhage, and residual tissue of retroperitoneal neurilemoma, the sonographic pattern was variable. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chronic liver disease: Comparison of ultrasound patterns with laparoscopy and biopsy
Authors: Martínez‐Noguera A. , Calonge E. , Coscojuela P. , Soriano G. , Martí‐Vicente A. , Teixidó M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe studied the correlation of ultrasound patterns with laparoscopy and biopsy results in 140 patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). Of the 23 patients with a normal ultrasound pattern (N), biopsies revealed CLD in 18; in the 22 patients with unspecific hepatomegaly (H), biopsies disclosed CLD in 20; and in the 64 patients with a homogeneous bright pattern (HB), biopsies showed CLD in 62. All 22 cases of heterogeneous bright pattern (HTB) and all 9 patients with nodular pattern (ND) had CLD. In conclusion, it appears that the HTB and nodular ultrasound patterns confirm the presence of CLD, the HB pattern is suggestive of CLD, but diagnosis of CLD cannot be made from N and H patterns. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
High‐resolution ultrasonography in the diagnosis of scrotal pathology: II. Tumors
Authors: Gerscovich Eugenio O. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUltrasonography is a readily accessible imaging modality. It is relatively inexpensive, is noninvasive, and requires no ionizing radiation or previous preparation. For these reasons, ultrasound is the examination of choice in the study of the scrotum and its contents. We present a review of the pathology of the scrotum and its contents. For that, we cite multiple sources of the current medical literature and illustrate them with cases performed at the University of California Davis Medical Center During the last 2.5 years. This article deals with testicular and extratesticular tumors. Within testicular tumors, we describe primary tumors, such as those of germ cell and stromal origin, and secondary tumors of the lymphoproliferative and nonlymphoproliferative (metastatic) types. The most common extratesticular tumors are discussed. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Evaluation of triplet growth status at birth using individualized growth assessment: Comparison with conventional methods and development of a new classification system
Authors: Hata Toshiyuki , Deter Russell L. , Hill Reba M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new growth classification system for triplets based on individual growth curve standards provides new information on the growth status of triplets at birth.Objectives. The objectives of this study were to characterize growth outcome at birth in triplet pregnancies using Individualized Growth Assessment methods, and to compare these results to conventional methods of growth outcome evaluation.Study design. Rossavik growth models derived from second‐trimester ultrasound measurements were used to predict the birth characteristics of 21 triplet neonates. Actual measurements of weight, head, abdominal, and thigh circumferences at birth were compared to population standards and to predicted values, the latter by calculation of Growth Potential Realization Index (GPRI) values. GPRI values were calculated using singleton (measurement procedure correction) and triplet (measurement procedure correction + decreased soft tissue deposition) correction factors (SCF, TCF). Neonatal Growth Assessment Scores (NGAS) were calculated using both sets of GPRI values.Results. Three types of triplet neonates were identified. Group I (33.3%) were normal with both types of NGAS values, had very few abnormal GPRI values or anatomic measurements, and were all appropriate for gestational age. Group III (14.3%) were abnormal with both types of NGAS values, most GPRI values were abnormal, and all were small for gestational age. Group II (52.4%) had abnormal NGAS values when calculated from GPRI values determined with SCF and normal NGAS values when calculated from GPRI values determined with TCF. All but one was AGA. Almost all GPRIwT and GPRIThC values were abnormal using SCF and normal using TCF.Conclusion. Although growth outcome in triplet neonates can be normal (Group I) or intrauterine growth retarded (Group III), the majority are in an intermediate group (Group II) characterized by a decrease in soft tissue mass, which may or may not be pathological. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Sonographically detected testicular microlithiasis and testicular carcinoma
Authors: Patel Maitray D. , Olcott Eric W. , Kerschmann Russell L. , Callen Peter W. , Gooding Gretchen A. W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTesticular microlithiasis is an uncommon abnormality that produces the characteristic sonographic appearance of diffuse, punctate, hyperechoic foci throughout the testicular parenchyma. We have detected this distinctive sonographic pattern in 4 patients during a seven‐year period. Three of the patients had proven concurrent testicular carcinoma. We describe our experience and review previous reports of testicular microlithiasis. We conclude that testicular microlithiasis may be associated with testicular neoplasia, and advocate particularly careful evaluation and followup of the testes when this abnormality is detected. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Breast masses with mixed cystic‐solid sonographic appearance
Authors: Omori Liria Mariko , Hisa Naofumi , Ohkuma Kiyoshi , Fujikura Yuji , Hiramatsu Kyoichi , Enomoto Kouji , Ikeda Tadashi , Mukai Makio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRetrospective analysis was performed for 56 breast masses with mixed cystic and solid sonographic patterns encountered in the last 5 years at Keio University Hospital, with the objective of elucidating their significance. The lesions were classified into two major groups: tumor with cyst (TWC—solid mass with cystic component) and intracystic tumor (ICT—cystic mass with solid component). According to the pathological diagnosis, 57% were benign and 43% were malignant. Fifty eight percent of malignant lesions were shown to have a TWC pattern and 42% an ICT pattern. Among benign lesions, 66% were shown to be TWC and 34% ICT. In malignant tumors, 96% of the cases showed irregular shape and heterogeneous internal content. Even in benign lesions, a high incidence of irregular shape and rough border was found, although the predominant internal echo texture was homogeneous, and threedimensional (3‐D) contour was not clear. In conclusion, we observed that in the TWC group, the lack of a defined 3‐D contour is the most important criterion, and tumors with multiples cysts tend to be benign. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Lessons from intravascular ultrasonography: Observations during interventional angioplasty procedures
Authors: Tobis Jonathan M. , Mahon Donald J. , Goldberg Steven L. , Nakamura Shigeru , Colombo Antonio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis article reviews many of the applications of intravascular ultrasonic imaging for coronary and peripheral arterial disease. In vitro studies demonstrate an excellent correlation between ultrasound measurements of lumen and plaque crosssectional area compared with histologic sections. In vivo clinical studies reveal the enhanced diagnostic capabilities of this technology compared with angiography. Ultrasonic imaging also permits visualization of the atherosclerotic plaque itself for the first time in vivo. In addition to accurately describing the plaque morphology, ultrasonography can identify some of the tissue characteristics of the plaque. During interventional procedures, ultrasonic imaging has been shown to be beneficial for enhanced diagnosis as well as improvement of our understanding of the mechanism of newer interventional devices such as directed atherectomy, rotational or TEC atherectomy, or excimer laser. Initial studies suggest that ultrasound guidance of intravascular stent deployment may be critical for optimizing stent placement. Randomized studies are currently in progress to determine whether the guidance provided by intravascular ultrasonic imaging will alter the results of interventional procedures so that the restenosis rate can be improved. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Myocardial contrast echocardiography: Enhancement of perfusion images by color coding
Authors: Dávila‐Román Victor G. , Barzilai Benico 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo determine whether real‐time color coding enhances the detection of myocardial perfusion through the use of echocardiographic contrast agents, we used a recently developed real‐time color system during contrast injection in six open‐chest dogs. Small amounts of echocardiographic contrast were injected into the left atrium. Short‐axis epicardial images were obtained with a 5‐MHz transducer before and after left anterior descending artery ligation. Gray‐scale and rainbow‐color map images were obtained for each contrast agent. The color map allowed detection of small increment in echo intensity that were not evident with routine gray‐scale imaging. Thus, realtime color coding may improve the detection of myocardial perfusion with echocardiographic contrast agents. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.