bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scalable Synthesis of Si Nanosheets as Stable Anodes for Practical Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wei Yanwei , Wang Tong , Wang Jinxiu , Wang Shun , Zhang Dian , Ma Yuzhu , Gao Yihan , Duan Linlin , Yang Dong , Zhang Wei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSilicon (Si) is regarded as a promising anode material because of its outstanding theoretical capacity, abundant existence, and mature infrastructure, but it suffers from an inherent volume expansion problem. Herein, a facile, scalable, and cost‐effective route to produce Si nanosheets (Si NSs) using a low‐cost silica fume as the start materials is proposed. After coated with carbon, the as‐prepared Si‐NSs@C material delivers ultrahigh capability (2770 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C), high initial Coulombic efficiency (87.9%), and long cycling lifespan (100 cycles at 0.5 C with a capacity decay rate of 0.3% per cycle). Beyond proof of concept, this work demonstrates a Si‐NSs based pouch cell with an impressive capacity retention of 70.9% after 400 cycles, making it more promising for practical application. Revealed by the theoretical simulation, kinetics analysis, and in situ thickness/pressure detection, it is found that the superior performance of Si‐NSs is attributed to the improved diffusivity and reversibility of Li+ ions and low expansion.
Mass spectrometry based proteomics: Changing the impact of protein analysis in forensic science
Authors: Keane Romy Elise , Tidy Rebecca Jayne , Parker Glendon J. , Gummer Joel P. A. , Priddis Colin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMass spectrometry‐based proteomics, born from the invention of soft ionization, has revolutionized protein analysis. In‐depth characterization of complex and variable mixtures of proteins, such as that found at crime‐scenes, is now possible. This capability continues to expand with advancements in mass spectral instrumentation and computational power, allowing for the development of dynamic data acquisition approaches and sophisticated bioinformatics tools for data interpretation. Proteins are the major component of all biological material, as a result they have been of interest to forensic practitioners for centuries. While DNA is the gold standard for identification, proteins are able to provide contextual information about biological material not available through genomic approaches alone. Mass spectrometry‐based proteomics has expanded the breadth and ease of forensic protein analysis with several emerging applications that promise to become common place as investigative tools, particularly in forensic serology and toxicology. This includes the targeted analysis of protein biomarkers for the classification of biological tissue and fluids, the detection of protein toxins such as ricin and identification of peptide hormones such as insulin. The ability of protein analysis to leverage information from the genome has been demonstrated to achieve individual identification from biological material, an emerging technology that can be used in the absence of extractable DNA. In recent years, there has been considerable scrutiny of forensic techniques that lack objectivity and a statistical basis, an alternative molecular approach for forensic analysis that utilizes the high specificity of mass spectrometry, is a welcome addition with many potential future applications.This article is categorized under:
Forensic Chemistry and Trace Evidence > Trace Evidence
Early safety outcomes of laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass in patients with class III, IV, and V obesity
Authors: Sakran Nasser , Raziel Asnat , Hod Keren , Azaria Bella , Kaplan Uri ,   Assuta Bariatric Surgeons Collaborative
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe extremely obese patient deserves special consideration: significant comorbidities, technical difficulties, and increased postoperative morbidity and mortality are all expected in this patient population. The study compared early postoperative complications (≤30‐day) following one‐anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) morbidity in patients with morbid obesity class IV obesity, body mass index (BMI) ≥50–59.9 kg/m2, and class V obesity, BMI ≥60 patients.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed perioperative OAGB outcomes in three BMI groups. Operative time, length of stay (LOS), and overall early postoperative complication rates were studied. Patient‐reported complications were ranked by Clavien–Dindo Classification (CDC).ResultsBetween January 2017–December 2021, consecutive patients with obesity class III (n = 2950), IV (n = 256), and V (n = 23) underwent OAGB. BMI groups were comparable in sex, age, and associated comorbidities. Mean operative time was significantly longer in the higher BMI groups: class III (66.5 ± 25.6 min), IV (70.5 ± 28.7 min), and V (80.0 ± 34.7 min), respectively (p = 0.018); no difference in LOS. In respective BMI classes, ≤30‐day complication rates were 3.2%, 3.5%, and 4.3% (p = 0.926). The respective number of patients with CDC grades of one to two were 45 (1.5%), 6 (2.3%), and 1 (4.3%), p = 0.500; and in grade ≥3a, 25 (0.8%), 1 (0.4%), 0 (0.0%), p = 0.669. There was 0.06% mortality (n = 2 in 3229), both in BMI class III.ConclusionsOAGB is a safe BS procedure in patients with class III, IV, and V obesity in the perioperative term with comparable ≤30‐day morbidity in the three BMI groups.
Kapitel 2. Auswirkungen der Landnutzung und -bewirtschaftung sowie naturnaher Ökosysteme auf den Klimawandel: Biophysikalische Effekte, Treibhausgasemissionen und Kohlenstoffspeicher
Authors: Gingrich Simone , Weiss Peter , Wenzel Walter , Anderl Michael , Bruckner Martin , Díaz-Pinés Eugenio , Hörtenhuber Stefan , Kitzler Barbara , Schindlbacher Andreas , Schöner Wolfgang 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungKap. 2 beschreibt die Auswirkungen der Landnutzung und -bewirtschaftung auf den Klimawandel und bezieht nicht bewirtschaftete Ökosysteme explizit mit ein. Das zentrale Instrument für die Bilanzierung der Auswirkungen der österreichischen Landnutzung auf den Klimawandel ist die Treibhausgasinventur (THG-Inventur), die jährlich basierend auf international akkordierten Methoden erfasst und publiziert wird. Neben der Präsentation und Diskussion der Ergebnisse der THG-Inventur für die beiden Sektoren Landwirtschaft sowie Landnutzung, Landnutzungswechsel und Forstwirtschaft (LULUCF; beide Sektoren zusammen auch als AFOLU, für Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use, abgekürzt) werden in weiteren Abschnitten andere Aspekte, die zum Verständnis der Klimawirksamkeit von Landnutzung und Landbewirtschaftung auf den Klimawandel beitragen, vorgestellt.
Kapitel 7. Raumplanung und Klimawandel
Authors: Dumke Hartmut , Fischer Tatjana , Stöglehner Gernot , Getzner Michael 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Ziel dieses Kap. 7 erfüllt eine wichtige Forderung aus dem letzten Klimawandelsachstandsbericht – nämlich, intensiv zu den Zusammenhängen zwischen Raumplanung und Klimawandel zu berichten. Denn die klimapolitisch bedenkliche Zunahme versiegelter Flächen in Österreich, die von den Expert_innen (z. B. Schindegger, 2020; Umweltbundesamt, 2020a) mit großer Sicherheit und empirischen Nachweisen festgestellt wird, ist derzeit eindeutig nicht im Einklang mit den Nachhaltigkeitszielen der österreichischen Bundesregierung (BMLFUW, 2002).
Glacier retreat triggers changes in biodiversity and plant–pollinator interaction diversity
Authors: Tu Bao Ngan , Khelidj Nora , Cerretti Pierfilippo , de Vere Natasha , Ferrari Andrea , Paone Francesco , Polidori Carlo , Schmid Jürg , Sommaggio Daniele , Losapio Gianalberto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDue to global warming, the worldwide retreat of glaciers is causing changes in species diversity, community composition, and species interactions. However, the impact of glacier retreat on interaction diversity and ecological networks remains poorly understood. An integrative understanding of network dynamics may inform conservation actions that support biodiversity and ecosystem functioning after glacier extinction. Here, we address how glacier retreat affects the frequency, diversity, and complexity of plant–pollinator interactions, both directly and indirectly through biodiversity change. We surveyed flower visitors (pollinators) and analyzed pollination networks across a gradient of 170 years of glacier retreat (Mont Miné glacier, Valais, Switzerland) which ranges from patchy grasslands to closed forests. We reported a strong impact of glacier retreat on both plant and pollinator communities. Notably, the diversity of plant–pollinator interactions was sharply affected by glacier retreat: interaction diversity increased few years after glacier retreat, but it ultimately decreased in late stages dominated by forests. In contrast, we found that plant–pollinator network complexity did not change with glacier retreat. Our results indicate that the development of plant–pollinator networks is a two-phases process. In the first phase, glacier retreat makes space to plant colonization. This initial increase in plant diversity drives the increase in pollinator and interaction diversity. The second phase is characterized by turnover as woody species encroaches and dominates the community, decreasing the diversity of plant species in ultimate instance. The local decrease of plant diversity leads to a local decrease in pollinator and interaction diversity. Slowing down woody encroachment and enhancing flower diversity, which is initially supported by the glacial landscape, may be key strategies for halting the erosion of ecological networks while increasing biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Our research thus can help resolve the overarching question of how to conserve ecosystems once glaciers are extinct, pointing toward a composite role of both habitat structure and biological functions.
ChatGPT: towards AI subjectivity
Authors: D’Amato Kristian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMotivated by the question of responsible AI and value alignment, I seek to offer a uniquely Foucauldian reconstruction of the problem as the emergence of an ethical subject in a disciplinary setting. This reconstruction contrasts with the strictly human-oriented programme typical to current scholarship that often views technology in instrumental terms. With this in mind, I problematise the concept of a technological subjectivity through an exploration of various aspects of ChatGPT in light of Foucault’s work, arguing that current systems lack the reflexivity and self-formative characteristics inherent in the notion of the subject. By drawing upon a recent dialogue between Foucault and phenomenology, I suggest four techno-philosophical desiderata that would address the gaps in this search for a technological subjectivity: embodied self-care, embodied intentionality, imagination and reflexivity. Thus I propose that advanced AI be reconceptualised as a subject capable of “technical” self-crafting and reflexive self-conduct, opening new pathways to grasp the intertwinement of the human and the artificial. This reconceptualisation holds the potential to render future AI technology more transparent and responsible in the circulation of knowledge, care and power.
Gaps in kidney stone disease management: From clinical theory to patient reality
Authors: Pozdzik Agnieszka , Grillo Viridiana , Sakhaee Khashayar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWith nephrolithiasis projected to affect 25% of the global population in the next three decades, there is an urgent call for innovative management strategies to prevent and reduce stone recurrence. This study aims to explore the evolving management needs in nephrolithiasis from both patient and healthcare provider perspectives. An expert-collaborative online survey comprising 10 targeted questions on kidney stone management was developed and disseminated. This survey was designed to gather comprehensive insights from patients, physicians and dietician and other person in the field of nephrolithiasis. Analysis of responses from 120 participants, including 45 nephrologists, 38 dieticians, 11 urologists, and 14 kidney stones patients followed in our hospital, revealed critical insights. A significant 97.5% emphasized the necessity of optimizing daily water intake, and 94.1% recognized the need for practical dietary modifications. Additionally, 88.3% of respondents found timely hydration reminders beneficial. Notably, monitoring urine color and pH was valued by 85% and 84.3% of the participants, respectively. A striking disparity emerged in the perception of fatigue and wellness monitoring, with 65% of patients prioritizing fatigue monitoring, a view less shared by healthcare professionals. Similarly, 71% of patients deemed wellness monitoring essential, highlighting a gap in understanding between patients and their caregivers. This study underscores the critical need for more tailored guidance on hydration strategies and the promise of remote urine parameters monitoring in nephrolithiasis management. The findings strongly advocate for a patient-centered approach, aligning medical recommendations with patient lifestyles and experiences, to enhance the effectiveness of nephrolithiasis management.
Minimal Obstructions for Polarity, Monopolarity, Unipolarity and (s, 1)-Polarity in Generalizations of Cographs
Authors: Contreras-Mendoza Fernando Esteban , Hernández-Cruz César 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIt is known that every hereditary property can be characterized by finitely many minimal obstructions when restricted to either the class of cographs or the class of$$P_4$$P4-reducible graphs. In this work, we prove that the same is true when restricted to some other superclasses of cographs, including$$P_4$$P4-sparse and$$P_4$$P4-extendible graphs (both of which extend$$P_4$$P4-reducible graphs). We also present complete lists of$$P_4$$P4-sparse and$$P_4$$P4-extendible minimal obstructions for polarity, monopolarity, unipolarity, and (s, 1)-polarity, wheresis a positive integer. In parallel to the case of$$P_4$$P4-reducible graphs, all the$$P_4$$P4-sparse minimal obstructions for these hereditary properties are cographs.
Minor impact of anastomotic leakage in anterior resection for rectal cancer on long-term male urinary and sexual function
Authors: Rutegård Martin , Jutesten Henrik , Buchwald Pamela , Angenete Eva , Lydrup Marie-Louise 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer induces bowel dysfunction, but the influence on urinary and sexual function is largely unknown. This cross-sectional cohort study evaluated long-term effect of anastomotic leakage on urinary and sexual function in male patients.

Methods
Patients operated with anterior resection for rectal cancer in 15 Swedish hospitals 2007–2013 were identified. Anastomotic leakage and other clinical variables were retrieved from the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Registry and medical records. Urinary and sexual dysfunction were evaluated at 4 to 11 years after surgery using the International Prostate Symptom Score, International Index of Erectile Function, and European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire CR29. The effect of anastomotic leakage on average scores of urinary and sexual dysfunction was evaluated as a primary outcome, and the single items permanent urinary catheter and sexual inactivity as secondary outcomes. The association of anastomotic leakage and functional outcomes was analyzed using regression models with adjustment for confounders.

Results
After a median follow-up of 84 months (interquartile range: 67–110), 379 out of 864 eligible men were included. Fifty-nine (16%) patients had anastomotic leakage. Urinary incontinence was more common in the leakage group, with an adjusted mean score difference measured by EORTC QLQ ColoRectal–29 of 8.69 (95% confidence interval: 0.72–16.67). The higher risks of urinary frequency, permanent urinary catheter, and sexual inactivity did not reach significance.

Conclusion
Anastomotic leakage after anterior resection had a minor negative impact on urinary and sexual function in men.
Pulse oximetry signal loss during hypoxic episodes in preterm infants receiving automated oxygen control
Authors: Langanky Lukas O. , Kreutzer Karen B. , Poets Christian F. , Franz Axel R. , Schwarz Christoph E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze signal loss (SL) resulting from low signal quality of pulse oximetry-derived hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2) measurements during prolonged hypoxemic episodes (pHE) in very preterm infants receiving automatic oxygen control (AOC). We did a post hoc analysis of a randomized crossover study of AOC, programmed to set FiO2 to “back-up FiO2” during SL. In 24 preterm infants (median (interquartile range)) gestational age 25.3 (24.6 to 25.6) weeks, recording time 12.7 h (12.2 to 13.6 h) per infant, we identified 76 pHEs (median duration 119 s (86 to 180 s)). In 50 (66%) pHEs, SL occurred for a median duration of 51 s (33 to 85 s) and at a median frequency of 2 (1 to 2) SL-periods per pHE. SpO2 before and after SL was similar (82% (76 to 88%) vs 82% (76 to 87%), p = 0.3)). Conclusion: SL is common during pHE and must hence be considered in AOC-algorithm designs. Administering a “backup FiO2” (which reflects FiO2-requirements during normoxemia) during SL may prolong pHE with SL. Trial registration: The study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov under the registration no. NCT03785899.

What is Known:• Previous studies examined SpO2 signal loss (SL) during routine manual oxygen control being rare, but pronounced in lower SpO2 states.• Oxygen titration during SL is unlikely to be beneficial as SpO2 may recover to a normoxic range.

What is New:• Periods of low signal quality of SpO2 are common during pHEs and while supported with automated oxygen control (SPOC), FiO2 is set to a back-up value reflecting FiO2 requirements during normoxemia in response to SL, although SpO2 remained below target until signal recovery.• FiO2 overshoots following pHEs were rare during AOC and occurred with a delayed onset; therefore, increased FiO2 during SL does not necessarily lead to overshoots.
Considering ivermectin for treatment of schistosomiasis
Authors: Golenser Jacob , Birman Ida , Gold Daniel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBecause of recent reports of praziquantel resistance in schistosome infections, there have been suggestions to employ ivermectin as a possible alternative, especially as its chemical composition is different from that of praziquantel, so cross-resistance is not expected. In order to ascertain possible damage and elimination of worms, we used ivermectin by oral gavage in infected mice, at a high dose (30.1 mg/kg, bordering toxicity). We also tested the efficacy of the drug at various times postinfection (PI), to check on possible effect on young and mature stages of the parasites. Thus, we treated mice on days 21 and 22 or on days 41 and 42 and even on days 21, 22, 41, and 42 PI. None of the treatment regimens resulted in cure rates or signs of lessened pathology in the mice. We also compared the effect of ivermectin to that of artemisone, an artemisinin derivative which had served us in the past as an effective anti-schistosome drug, and there was a stark difference in the artemisone’s efficacy compared to that of ivermectin; while ivermectin was not effective, artemisone eliminated most of the worms, prevented egg production and granulomatous inflammatory response. We assume that the reported lack of activity of ivermectin, in comparison with praziquantel and artemisinins, originates from the difference in their mode of action. In wake of our results, we suggest that ivermectin is not a suitable drug for treatment of schistosomiasis.
Social demonstration of colour preference improves the learning of associated demonstrated actions
Authors: Zurek Noam , Aljadeff Na’ama , Khoury Donya , Aplin Lucy M. , Lotem Arnon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We studied how different types of social demonstration improve house sparrows' (Passer domesticus) success in solving a foraging task that requires both operant learning (opening covers) and discrimination learning (preferring covers of the rewarding colour). We provided learners with either paired demonstration (of both cover opening and colour preference), action-only demonstration (of opening white covers only), or no demonstration (a companion bird eating without covers). We found that sparrows failed to learn the two tasks with no demonstration, and learned them best with a paired demonstration. Interestingly, the action of cover opening was learned faster with paired rather than action-only demonstration despite being equally demonstrated in both. We also found that only with paired demonstration, the speed of operant (action) learning was related to the demonstrator’s level of activity. Colour preference (i.e. discrimination learning) was eventually acquired by all sparrows that learned to open covers, even without social demonstration of colour preference. Thus, adding a demonstration of colour preference was actually more important for operant learning, possibly as a result of increasing the similarity between the demonstrated and the learned tasks, thereby increasing the learner’s attention to the actions of the demonstrator. Giving more attention to individuals in similar settings may be an adaptive strategy directing social learners to focus on ecologically relevant behaviours and on tasks that are likely to be learned successfully.
Mathematics motivation in primary education: building blocks that matter
Authors: Radišić Jelena , Baucal Aleksandar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this introduction, we set the stage for a collection of papers from the Co-constructing Mathematics Motivation in Primary Education–A Longitudinal Study in Six European Countries Project (MATHMot for short), an international study aiming to identify the factors that shape the development of motivation in mathematics from a comparative perspective in primary education. Students’ motivation, performance, academic emotions, and subject-related identity and agency are observed across six countries: Norway, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Portugal, and Serbia. MATHMot builds on the belief that one of the main goals of mathematics teaching should be children’s long-term motivation for learning the subject, which in turn supports students in striving for exemplary achievement in mathematics. This special section attempts to observe students’ mathematics motivation in early grades and how different contributions from the classroom, home or the student’s individual characteristics shed light on its development and adjacent concepts like academic emotions and math-related identity and agency.
Leaf form diversity and evolution: a never-ending story in plant biology
Authors: Nakayama Hokuto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLeaf form can vary at different levels, such as inter/intraspecies, and diverse leaf shapes reflect their remarkable ability to adapt to various environmental conditions. Over the past two decades, considerable progress has been made in unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying leaf form diversity, particularly the regulatory mechanisms of leaf complexity. However, the mechanisms identified thus far are only part of the entire process, and numerous questions remain unanswered. This review aims to provide an overview of the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving leaf form diversity while highlighting the existing gaps in our knowledge. By focusing on the unanswered questions, this review aims to shed light on areas that require further research, ultimately fostering a more comprehensive understanding of leaf form diversity.