bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biogeochemical studies of a Native American runoff agroecosystem
Authors: Sandor Jonathan A. , Norton Jay B. , Homburg Jeffrey A. , Muenchrath Deborah A. , White Carleton S. , Williams Stephen E. , Havener Celeste I. , Stahl Peter D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractResearch on soil fertility is presented in the context of runoff agriculture, a venerable farming system that has been used for millennia in arid to semiarid regions, where water is a major limiting resource for crop production. The agroecology of runoff farming was studied with the Zuni to evaluate nutrient and hydrologic processes, management, maize productivity, and soil quality in some of the oldest recognized fields in the United States. This ancient Southwest agriculture has functioned without conventional irrigation or fertilization by tapping into biogeochemical processes in natural watersheds connected to fields. Carefully placed fields are managed on alluvial fans and other valley margin landforms to intercept runoff and associated sediment and organic debris transported from adjoining forested uplands. We report on research to evaluate and link nitrogen and phosphorus, two key nutrients for crop production, in watershed, soil, and crop components of this agroecosystem. Nutrient data have been collected by observational and experimental methods for each component and the transport of nutrients from watershed to field to maize. The condition of Zuni agricultural soils suggests that their knowledge and management of soils contributed to effective conservation. This study and others indicate the need for further long‐term monitoring and experimental research on watersheds, runoff processes, field soils, and crops across a range of arid to semiarid ecosystems. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Galectin‐1 expression in cancer‐associated stromal cells correlates tumor invasiveness and tumor progression in breast cancer
Authors: Jung Eun‐Jung , Moon Hyeong‐Gon , Cho Bok Im , Jeong Chi‐Young , Joo Young‐Tae , Lee Young‐Joon , Hong Soon‐Chan , Choi Sang‐Kyung , Ha Woo‐Song , Kim Jae Won , Lee Chang‐Won , Lee Jong Sil , Park Soon‐Tae 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUnderstanding the molecular background of breast cancer biology is critical in developing new biomarkers for earlier diagnosis and more optimized treatment. We performed a proteomic analysis of human breast carcinoma tissues to investigate the tumor‐specific protein expression in breast carcinoma. Using 2‐dimensional electorphoresis (2‐DE) and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐time of flight‐mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS), we were able to identify a list of proteins which are upregulated in cancerous tissue. There was significant increase of galectin‐1 expression in all cancerous tissues compared to noncancerous tissues, and its increased expression was further confirmed by western blot immunostaining. Subsequent immunohistochemical staining against galectin‐1 in 105 breast cancer specimens showed significant correlation between galectin‐1 expression in cancer‐associated stromal cells and tumor invasiveness, T stage, TNM stage, and axillary lymph node metastasis. Galectin‐1 expressionin cancer cells showed no correlation to above‐mentioned pathologic variables. Hormonal receptor status and galectin‐1 expression showed no correlation. This study demonstrates the upregulation of galectin‐1 in breast carcinoma tissues and the clinical significance of galectin‐1 in breast cancer patients. Our data supports the recently highlighted roles of galectin‐1 in cancer‐associated stroma and in tumor immune privilege. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Apoptotic effect of 3,4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid on human gastric carcinoma cells involving JNK/p38 MAPK signaling activation
Authors: Lin Hui‐Hsuan , Chen Jing‐Hsien , Huang Chi‐Chou , Wang Chau‐Jong 
Published: February 2007

Abstract3,4‐Dihydroxybenzoic acid (protocatechuic acid, PCA) is discussed to represent antioxidative food components in a human diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and has been shown to prevent carcinogenesis or antitumor growth in vivo. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in chemopreventive activity of PCA are poorly understood. In this study, investigations were conducted to examine the detailed signaling pathway involved in PCA‐induced apoptosis in human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells. The data from cell viability assay showed that PCA exhibited the antiproliferation effect on AGS cells in a time‐ and dose‐dependent manner. The occurrence of apoptosis induced by PCA was confirmed by morphological and biochemical features, including apoptotic bodies formation and an increase in the distribution of hypodiploid phase. Molecular data showed the effect of PCA in AGS cells might be mediated via sustained phosphorylation and activation of JNK and p38 mitogen‐activating protein kinases (MAPK), but not ERK. Treatment with pharmacological inhibitors or transfection with the mutant p38 or/and JNK expression vector reduced PCA‐mediated apoptosis and the JNK/p38 MAPK‐related proteins phosphorylation and expression, including ATF‐2, c‐Jun, FasL, Fas, p53 and Bax. Preincubation with Nok‐1 monoclonal antibody, which is inhibitory to Fas signaling, interfered with PCA‐induced cleavage of procaspase and sensitization to anti‐APO‐induced apoptosis. These results suggest the possible involvement of multiple signaling pathways from the MAPK to the subsequent mitochondria‐ and/or Fas‐mediated caspase activation are potential requirements for PCA‐induced AGS apoptosis. Further, PCA effectively induced JNK/p38 activation in PCA‐response cell lines. Taken together, our data present the first evidence of PCA as an apoptosis inducer in AGS cells, even in tumor cells of digestive organs, and provide a new mechanism for its anticancer activity. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rapamycin together with herceptin significantly increased anti‐tumor efficacy compared to either alone in ErbB2 over expressing breast cancer cells
Authors: Wang Lu‐Hai , Chan Joseph L.‐K. , Li Wei 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the anti‐tumor efficacy of rapamycin alone or in combination with herceptin in breast cancer. A total of 20 human breast cancer lines were examined for expression of various receptor tyrosine kinases and activation of their down stream signaling molecules, as well as for their invasion and colony forming ability. The ErbB2 and PI3 kinase pathway inhibitors were tested for the inhibition on breast cancer cell growth and tumor development. Seven of the 20 lines displayed an elevated level of ErbB2, others had varying level of EGF, IGF‐1 or insulin receptor. Over 30% of the lines also had constitutive activation of Akt and MAP kinase. The lines displayed a wide range of colony forming and invasion ability. The PI3 kinase pathway inhibitors LY294002 and rapamycin inhibited the colony forming ability of all of the lines with the ErbB2 overexpressing lines having a higher sensitivity. A similar trend was observed for inhibition of invasion by LY294002. Rapamycin alone and additively together with herceptin inhibited the breast cancer cell growth especially in ErbB2 overexpressing cells. Rapamycin and herceptin synergistically inhibited tumor growth and endpoint tumor load in a xenograft model using a MCF‐7 subline and in a MMTV‐ErbB2 transgenic model. Rapamycin and herceptin significantly reduced the level of cyclin D1 and D3 and increased the cleavage of caspase 3 suggesting an increased apoptosis. Our results suggest that rapamycin together with herceptin has an enhanced anti‐cancer effect and could be developed as an improved therapeutic regimen for breast cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Obesity, physical activity and the risk of pancreatic cancer in a large Japanese cohort
Authors: Lin Yingsong , Kikuchi Shogo , Tamakoshi Akiko , Yagyu Kiyoko , Obata Yuki , Inaba Yutaka , Kurosawa Michiko , Kawamura Takakshi , Motohashi Yutaka , Ishibashi Teruo ,   for the JACC Study Group
Published: February 2007

AbstractIt is unclear whether body mass index (BMI) and physical activity are associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer in Asian populations. We examined these associations in the Japanese Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk. Our cohort study included 110,792 Japanese men and women at enrollment (1988–1990). Data on height, body weight (at baseline and at age 20 years) and physical activity were obtained from a questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the relative risks of pancreatic cancer mortality. We observed a total of 402 pancreatic cancer deaths during the follow‐up period. Men with a BMI of 30 or more at age 20 years had a 3.5‐fold greater risk compared with men with a normal BMI. Women with a BMI of 27.5–29.9 at baseline had ∼60% increased risk compared with women with a BMI of 20.0–22.4. In men, weight loss of 5 kg or more between 20 years of age and baseline age was associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer death. In contrast, women with weight loss of 5 kg or more over the same period had a decreased risk. Physical activity was not associated with pancreatic cancer risk in either men or women. Obesity in young adulthood may be associated with an increased risk of death from pancreatic cancer in Japanese men. The risk of pancreatic cancer in relation to BMI seems to differ according to sex and the period over which BMI was measured. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Aggregation of cancer among relatives of never‐smoking lung cancer patients
Authors: Gorlova Olga Y. , Weng Shih‐Feng , Zhang Yiqun , Amos Christopher I. , Spitz Margaret R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe authors evaluated the familial aggregation of lung and other cancers in first‐degree relatives of lung cancer patients self‐reported to be lifetime never smokers. The data, derived from a large lung cancer case–control study, included 2,465 first‐degree relatives of 316 never smoker lung cancer cases and 2,441 first‐degree relatives of 318 never smoker controls, frequency matched to the cases on age, gender and ethnicity. The median age of the cases and the controls was 61 years, about 2/3 were women, and about 80% were Caucasian. Overall, there was a 25% excess risk [95% CI (1.05–1.50)] of any type of cancer among the first‐degree relatives of cases, and case offspring exhibited a 2‐fold excess cancer risk (1.03–4.10) compared with control offspring. There was also a 44% excess risk (1.05–1.97) of young onset cancers (before age 50) among relatives of cases. Smoking case relatives had an increased risk of any cancer [odds ratio (OR) = 1.36 (1.03–1.81)] and a 5.52‐fold risk (1.19–25.51) of young onset lung cancer compared with smoking control relatives. Female case relatives had a 58% excess breast cancer risk (1.04–2.43), and case mothers a 2.57‐fold breast cancer risk (1.16–4.24). A significant excess of testicular cancer was observed among case male relatives [OR = 12.32 (1.71–88.90)], although based on only 9 cases. The age at lung cancer diagnosis tended to be earlier in case relatives (61.4, SD = 12.9) compared with control relatives (66.2, SD = 11.4; p = 0.07). Our analysis provides further evidence for the importance of genetic factors for lung cancer in never smokers. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inhibition of CDK4 impairs proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells and sensitizes towards TRAIL‐induced apoptosis via downregulation of survivin
Authors: Retzer‐Lidl Michaela , Schmid Roland M. , Schneider Günter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most common causes of cancer death in Western countries with an average survival after diagnosis of 3–6 months and a five‐year survival rate under 5%. Because of the lack of effective therapies, there is the need to characterize new molecular treatment strategies. Abnormal regulation of the cell cycle is a hallmark of neoplasia. Cyclin‐dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), a key regulator of G1‐phase of the cell cycle, has been shown to be overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. Until now, the contribution of CDK4 to tumor maintenance of pancreatic cancer has not been investigated. In this study, we used the chemical CDK4 inhibitor 2‐bromo‐12,13‐dihydro‐5H‐indolo[2,3‐a]pyrrolo[3,4‐c]carbazole‐5,7(6H)‐dione, as well as RNA interference, to investigate the function of CDK4 in pancreatic cancer cells. Both approaches led to a reduction of pancreatic cancer cell proliferation due to G1‐phase cell cycle arrest and Rb activation. Furthermore, we observed increased sensitivity of G1‐arrested pancreatic cancer cells towards TRAIL‐induced apoptosis. Sensitization towards TRAIL was due to the transcriptional downregulation of survivin. These findings show that a combined sensitizer/inducer strategy may be a potential therapeutic strategy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Concordance of Species Composition Patterns among Microcrustaceans, Rotifers and Testate Amoebae in a Shallow Pond
Authors: Bini Luis Mauricio , Galli Vieira Ludgero Cardoso , Machado Juliana , Machado Velho Luiz Felipe 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this study, spatial concordance among microcrustaceans, rotifers and testate amoebae was examined in a small pond in Central Brazil. The main goal was to test how consistently different taxonomic groups ordinate 9 sites distributed along the pond's main axis. Microcrustaceans were more abundant during the dry season, characterized by waters with high transparency and dissolved oxygen concentration. An increase in species richness and densities of rotifers and testate amoebae was detected during rainy season, with low values of Secchi disk and concentrations of dissolved oxygen. However, the ordination patterns generated by these groups were different. Concordant patterns across sites were found only between cladocerans and copepods. These results suggest that great care should be taken when ordination patterns based on some taxonomic groups are extrapolated to other groups for detecting environmental changes. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The Influence of Invertebrate Predators on Daphnia Spatial Distribution and Survival in Laboratory Experiments: Support for Daphnia Horizontal Migration in Shallow Lakes
Authors: Wojtal Adrianna , Frankiewicz Piotr , Andziak Małgorzata , Zalewski Maciej 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe behavioural response of Daphnia cucullata to the presence of the pelagic invertebrate predator Leptodora kindtii, and the predation rate of littoral dragonfly nymphs on this species were investigated under laboratory conditions.Results of this study revealed a strong hiding response of Daphnia cucullata in the presence of the predatory cladoceran, L. kindtii, which was similar to the response of Daphnia in the presence of juvenile perch. This suggests that pelagic invertebrate predators may cause Daphnia to hide in the littoral zone which could result in increased exposure to predation by littoral invertebrates. A strong influence of dragonfly nymphs on D. cucullata, both in the presence and absence of macrophytes, was found. The average predation rate of Odonata larvae was about 5 prey ind–1 h–1 and did not differ significantly between treatments. Quantification of dragonfly pressure on Daphnia populations will require cross‐verification with field experiments since in the natural conditions Daphnia seeks a shelter in the vegetation stands against predation by Leptodora, despite the occurrence of odonates. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effects of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation on Macrozoobenthos in a Coastal Lagoon of the Southwestern Atlantic
Authors: Arocena Rafael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe freshwater‐dominated part of Rocha coastal lagoon recently experienced sudden colonization by submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV). Macrophytes may be beneficial or detrimental for the zoobenthos, and both assemblages may in turn affect the food availability for birds and fishes. With the aim of evaluating the effect of SAV on water conditions and on the composition, abundance and diversity of macrozoobenthos, vegetated areas (V, up to 500 g DW m–2) were compared with vegetation‐free areas (N). The benthic abundance was higher in V (up to 5000 ind m–2) than in N (up to 2200 ind m–2). Species richness and abundance of amphipods, gastropods and chironomids were also higher at V compared with N. Conversely, the abundance of Tanais stanfordi (Crustacea), Erodona mactroides (Bivalvia) and Laeonereis culveri (Polychaeta), and the Shannon diversity were higher at N. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Fungal Activity Associated with Decomposing Wood is Affected by Nitrogen Concentration in Water
Authors: Ferreira Verónica , Graça Manuel A. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe examined the effect of two contrasting nitrogen concentrations in water (0.16 and 0.82 mg L–1) in the mass loss of pre‐conditioned balsa wood, and associated fungal activity, in a laboratory microcosm experiment. Contrary to our predictions given the poor nutrient quality of balsa wood, an increase in dissolved nitrogen concentration did not result in increased mass loss or microbial oxygen consumption. Conidial production was stimulated in high, but not in low nitrogen microcosms, although the number of fungal species was similar between both treatments. The percentage contribution of each fungal species to total conidial production was similar at both N concentrations. The results support the notion that reproductive activity of aquatic hyphomycetes is the most sensitive microbial parameter to changes in the environment. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
On orthogonal orthomorphisms of cyclic and non‐abelian groups. II
Authors: Evans Anthony B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe construct sets of three pairwise orthogonal orthomorphisms of Z3n, n not divisible by either 2 or 3, n ≠ 7, 17. Combined with results in the literature, this reduces the problem of determining for which v, there exist three pairwise orthogonal orthomorphisms of Zv to the case v = 9p, p > 3 a prime. This yields new lower bounds for the number of pairwise orthogonal orthomorphisms of classes of dihedral groups of doubly even order, and classes of linear groups. These results also find application in the construction of Z‐cyclic triplewhist tournaments. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 15: 195–209, 2007
Pairwise balanced designs whose block size set contains seven and thirteen
Authors: Greig M. , Grüttmüller M. , Hartmann S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the PBD‐closure of sets K with {7,13} ⊆ K ⊆ {7,13,19,25,31,37,43}. In particular, we show that ν ≡ 1 mod 6, ν ≥ 98689 implies ν ϵ B({7,13}). As an intermediate result, many new 13‐GDDs of type 13q and resolvable BIBD with block size 6 or 12 are also constructed. Furthermore, we show some elements to be not essential in a Wilson basis for the PBD‐closed set {ν: ν ≡ 1 mod 6, ν ≥ 7}. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 15: 283–314, 2007
Constructing orthogonal pandiagonal Latin squares and panmagic squares from modular n‐queens solutions
Authors: Bell Jordan , Stevens Brett 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this article, we show how to construct pairs of orthogonal pandiagonal Latin squares and panmagic squares from certain types of modular n‐queens solutions. We prove that when these modular n‐queens solutions are symmetric, the panmagic squares thus constructed will be associative, where for an n × n associative magic square A = (aij), for all i and j it holds that aij + an−i−1,n−j−1 = c for a fixed c. We further show how to construct orthogonal Latin squares whose modular difference diagonals are Latin from any modular n‐queens solution. As well, we analyze constructing orthogonal pandiagonal Latin squares from particular classes of non‐linear modular n‐queens solutions. These pandiagonal Latin squares are not row cyclic, giving a partial solution to a problem of Hedayat. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 15: 221–234, 2007
Maximal partial ovoids and maximal partial spreads in hermitian generalized quadrangles
Authors: Metsch K. , Storme L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMaximal partial ovoids and maximal partial spreads of the hermitian generalized quadrangles H(3,q2) and H(4,q2) are studied in great detail. We present improved lower bounds on the size of maximal partial ovoids and maximal partial spreads in the hermitian quadrangle H(4,q2). We also construct in H(3,q2), q=22h+1, h≥ 1, maximal partial spreads of size smaller than the size q2+1 presently known. As a final result, we present a discrete spectrum result for the deficiencies of maximal partial spreads of H(4,q2) of small positive deficiency δ. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 16: 101–116, 2008
Preventing another event: Role of the hospitalist in discharge stroke prevention
Authors: Ovbiagele Bruce , Sachdeva Sandeep 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOnly 1 of 8 stroke patients is managed exclusively by a neurologist. Furthermore, many stroke patients harbor other vascular comorbidities and are also at risk for developing general medical complications that can lead to death following stroke. With the growing hospitalist system, it is quite clear that hospitalists are, and will increasingly be, an integral part of the care team for many hospitalized stroke patients. Because prevention remains the mainstay of treatment for ischemic stroke and TIA, it would be useful for practicing hospitalists to know the scientific evidence behind recommended therapeutic approaches to reducing vascular risk following stroke, as well as strategies for bridging the prevailing evidence–practice gap for hospitalized stroke patients, which this review article presents. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2007;2:31–38. © 2007 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Hypoglutamatergic activity in the STOP knockout mouse: A potential model for chronic untreated schizophrenia
Authors: Brenner Eiliv , Sonnewald Ursula , Schweitzer Annie , Andrieux Annie , Nehlig Astrid 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn mice, the deletion of the STOP protein leads to hyperdopaminergia and major behavioral disorders that are alleviated by neuroleptics, representing a potential model of schizophrenia. The reduction of the glutamatergic synaptic vesicle pool in the hippocampus could reflect a disturbance in glutamatergic neurotransmission in this model. Here we examined potential disturbances in energy metabolism and interactions between neurons and glia in 15‐week‐old STOP KO, wild‐type, and heterozygous mice. Animals received [1‐13C]glucose and [1,2‐13C]acetate, the preferential substrates of neurons and astrocytes, respectively. Extracts from the whole forebrain and midbrain were analyzed by HPLC, 13C and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Amounts and labeling of most metabolites were unchanged. However, glutamine concentration and amount of [4,5‐13C]glutamine derived from [1,2‐13C]acetate significantly decreased by 17% and 18%, respectively, in STOP KO compared with wild‐type mice. The amount of [4‐13C]glutamate was decreased in STOP KO and heterozygous compared with wild‐type mice. γ‐Aminobutyric acid labeling was not influenced by the genotype. Because STOP‐deficient mice have a lower synaptic vesicle density, less glutamate is released to the synaptic cleft, leading to decreased stimulation of the postsynaptic glutamate receptors, reflecting increased glutamine metabolism only in the vicinity of the postsynapse of STOP KO mice. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.