bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usefulness, completeness, and accuracy of Web sites providing information on osteoarthritis in dogs
Authors: Jehn Carl T. , Perzak Deborah E. , Cook James L. , Johnston Spencer A. , Todhunter Rory J. , Budsberg Steven C. 
Published: January 2006

Abstract

Objective—To evaluate the quality of information
regarding osteoarthritis (OA) in dogs currently available
on the World Wide Web.

Design—Survey study.

Procedure—5 search engines were searched with
the keywords "dog," "degenerative joint disease,"
"canine," and "osteoarthritis," and the first 50 sites
listed by each search engine were analyzed. Unique
Web site addresses were distributed to 3 diplomates
of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons, who
provided a standardized evaluation of each site.

Results—30 unique Web sites were evaluated.
Twenty (66%) provided information consistent with
conventional knowledge as outlined in textbooks and
peer-reviewed literature, 8 (27%) provided experimental
or anecdotal information in addition to conventional
knowledge, and 2 (7%) provided misleading information.
Mean scores for overall usefulness of the information
provided in regard to clinical features of and
treatment for OA were 1.3 and 1.5, respectively (1 =
information of minimal use; 5 = very useful information).
Twenty-three (77%) sites encouraged pet owners
to seek the advice of a veterinarian. Twenty-three
(77%) sites were given overall quality scores < 2, and
7 (23%) were given scores between 2 and 3 (1 = site
was counterproductive; 5 = site was very valuable).

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest
that the quality of information currently available
on the Web that addresses OA in dogs is questionable.
Although most of the sites conveyed some conventional
information with reasonable accuracy, the
information was incomplete, of minimal use, and
often considered counterproductive. (J Am Vet Med
Assoc 2003;223:1272–1275)
Multicenter case-control study of risk factors associated with development of vaccine-associated sarcomas in cats
Authors: Kass Philip H. , Spangler William L. , Hendrick Mattie J. , McGill Lawrence D. , Esplin D. Glen , Lester Sally , Slater Margaret , Meyer E. Kathryn , Boucher Faith , Peters Erika M. , Gobar Glenna G. , Htoo Thurein , Decile Kendra 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To determine whether particular vaccine brands, other injectable medications, customary vaccination practices, or various host factors were associated with the formation of vaccine-associated sarcomas in cats.Design—Prospective multicenter case-control study.Animals—Cats in the United States and Canada with soft tissue sarcomas or basal cell tumors.Procedure—Veterinarians submitting biopsy specimens from cats with a confirmed diagnosis of soft tissue sarcoma or basal cell tumor were contacted for patient medical history. Time window statistical analyses were used in conjunction with various assumptions about case definitions.Results—No single vaccine brand or manufacturer within antigen class was found to be associated with sarcoma formation. Factors related to vaccine administration were also not associated with sarcoma development, with the possible exception of vaccine temperature prior to injection. Two injectable medications (long-acting penicillin and methyl prednisolone acetate) were administered to case cats more frequently than to control cats.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Findings do not support the hypotheses that specific brands or types of vaccine within antigen class, vaccine practices such as reuse of syringes, concomitant viral infection, history of trauma, or residence either increase or decrease the risk of vaccineassociated sarcoma formation in cats. There was evidence to suggest that certain long-acting injectable medications may also be associated with sarcoma formation. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223:1283–1292)
Prevalence of lameness among dairy cattle in Wisconsin as a function of housing type and stall surface
Authors: Cook Nigel B. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To determine the prevalence of lameness as a function of season (summer vs winter), housing type (free stalls vs tie stalls), and stall surface (sand vs any other surface) among lactating dairy cows in Wisconsin.Design—Epidemiologic survey.Animals—3,621 lactating dairy cows in 30 herds.Procedure—Herds were visited once during the summer and once during the winter, and a locomotion score ranging from 1 (no gait abnormality) to 4 (severe lameness) was assigned to all lactating cows. Cows with a score of 3 or 4 were considered to be clinically lame.Results—Mean ± SD herd lameness prevalence was 21.1 ± 10.5% during the summer and 23.9 ± 10.7% during the winter; these values were significantly different. During the winter, mean prevalence of lameness in free-stall herds with non-sand stall surfaces (33.7%) was significantly higher than prevalences in free-stall herds with sand stall surfaces (21.2%), tiestall herds with non-sand stall surfaces (21.7%), and tie-stall herds with sand stall surfaces (12.1%).Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that the prevalence of lameness among dairy cattle in Wisconsin is higher than previously thought and that lameness prevalence is associated with season, housing type, and stall surface. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223:1324–1328)
Potential pathogens in feces from unweaned llamas and alpacas with diarrhea
Authors: Cebra Christopher K. , Mattson Donald E. , Baker Rocky J. , Sonn Robert J. , Dearing Peggy L. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To identify potential pathogens in feces from llama and alpaca crias with diarrhea.Design—Prospective observational study.Animals—45 unweaned crias with diarrhea.Procedure—Fecal samples were evaluated forEimeriaspp,Giardiaspp,Cryptosporidiumspp, enteric viruses, andSalmonellaspp. A questionnaire yielded information concerning herd management and presence of other affected camelids.Results—28 crias were ≤ 31 days old, 11 were 32 to 62 days old, and 6 were 63 to 210 days old. Potential pathogens were isolated from feces from 32 of the 45 crias. A total of 39 potential pathogens were obtained, including coronavirus (n = 19 crias; 42%),Giardiaspp (8; 18%),Eimeriaspp (6; 13%),Cryptosporidiumspp (4; 9%), rotavirus (1; 2%), and nematode ova (1; 2%).Salmonellaspp were not isolated. Most crias from which potential pathogens were isolated were identified during outbreaks of diarrhea involving other camelids, although only coronavirus was isolated from crias identified during outbreaks involving adult camelids. Coronavirus was detected throughout the year, whereas protozoa were most commonly isolated during the fall and winter.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that a variety of potential pathogens may be isolated from young crias with diarrhea. Many crias shed coronavirus, which may also have been affecting older camelids. Protozoa were isolated most often during wetter months, suggesting that crias born during these months may have greater exposure to protozoal pathogens. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223: 1806–1808)
Diagnostic quality of percutaneous kidney biopsy specimens obtained with laparoscopy versus ultrasound guidance in dogs
Authors: Rawlings Clarence A. , Diamond Halise , Howerth Elizabeth W. , Neuwirth Lisa , Canalis Chanda 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To compare diagnostic quality of percutaneous kidney biopsy specimens obtained with laparoscopy versus ultrasound guidance in dogs and compare diagnostic quality of specimens obtained with 14- versus 18-gauge biopsy needles.Design—Prospective study.Animals—10 healthy dogs.Procedure—In each dog, 2 biopsy specimens were obtained from each kidney, 1 with a 14-gauge biopsy needle and 1 with an 18-gauge biopsy needle. Biopsy specimens were obtained from 1 kidney by means of ultrasound guidance and from the contralateral kidney by means of direct viewing during laparoscopy. Number of glomeruli, quality of the biopsy specimen, proportion of specimens that contained muscle tissue, and proportion of specimens with fragmentation or crushing were determined.Results—Mean ± SD number of glomeruli (32.6 ± 11.0) in laparoscopic, 14-gauge biopsy specimens was significantly higher than mean number of glomeruli in ultrasound-guided, 14-gauge specimens; mean number of glomeruli in ultrasound-guided, 18-gauge specimens; and mean number of glomeruli in laparoscopic, 18-gauge specimens. All 10 laparoscopic, 14-gauge biopsy specimens were classified as excellent. The proportion of 18-gauge biopsy specimens with crushing or fragmentation was significantly higher than the proportion of 14-gauge specimens. One of the kidneys biopsied with ultrasound guidance had a large amount of hemorrhage. Hemorrhage was modest and transient following laparoscopic biopsy.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that excellent-quality renal biopsy specimens with large numbers of glomeruli can be obtained with 14-gauge, double-spring-activated biopsy needles during laparoscopy. Renal biopsy specimens obtained with 18-gauge biopsy needles frequently had few glomeruli and often were crushed or fragmented, increasing the difficulty in making an accurate diagnosis. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223:317–321)
Use of a plate-rod construct and principles of biological osteosynthesis for repair of diaphyseal fractures in dogs and cats: 47 cases (1994–2001)
Authors: Reems Michael R. , Beale Brian S. , Hulse Don A. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To determine outcome for dogs and cats with diaphyseal fractures in which a plate-rod construct was used for fracture repair.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—35 dogs and 12 cats.Procedures—Medical records and radiographs were reviewed to obtain information concerning signalment, fracture severity, construct design, time to radiographic union, complications, and outcome. Clients were contacted by telephone to obtain information on complications, limb usage, and overall satisfaction with the procedure.Results—31 femoral, 9 humeral, and 7 tibial fractures were assessed. Thirteen fractures consisted of 2 fragments, 22 consisted of 3 to 5 fragments, and 12 consisted of > 5 fragments. Forty-six of 47 (98%) fractures reached union. Mean ± SD times to radiographic union were 7.5 ± 2.7 weeks for the dogs and 4.8 ± 1.3 weeks for the cats. There were 4 short-term, minor complications and 15 long-term complications (2 major and 13 minor). Owners of 21 of 30 dogs (70%) and 9 of 12 cats reported that their animals had normal limb function. Twenty-six of 28 dog owners (93%) and 12 of 12 cat owners indicated that they were satisfied with results of the procedure. As surgery time increased, time to union also increased. Time to union for fractures with > 5 fragments was significantly shorter than time to union for fractures with ≤ 5 fragments.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that plate-rod constructs can successfully be used for repair of diaphyseal fractures of a wide range of severity in dogs and cats. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223:330–335)
Economic implications of bovine leukemia virus infection in mid-Atlantic dairy herds
Authors: Rhodes J. Kelly , Pelzer Kevin D. , Johnson Yvette J. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To determine the baseline costs of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection, including costs of clinical disease and subclinical infection, in a dairy herd representative of the mid-Atlantic region and compare these costs with the cost of a test-and-manage BLV control program.Design—Stochastic spreadsheet model.Sample Population—A commercial Holstein dairy herd with 100 milking cows.Procedures—A spreadsheet model was developed. The overall cost of infection included the cost of clinical disease (ie, lymphosarcoma [LS]) and the effects of subclinical infection on milk production and premature culling. Model input values and distributions were designed to reflect economic conditions in the mid-Atlantic region. Relative costs of infection and control were calculated for infection prevalences of 20, 50, and 80%.Results—Estimated mean cost to the producer per case of LS was $412; for a herd with a 50% prevalence of BLV infection, annual incidence of LS was 0.66. Mean annual cost of subclinical infection at a 50% prevalence of infection was $6,406. Mean annual cost of a test-and-manage control program was $1,765. The cost of clinical disease and subclinical infection varied substantially with the prevalence of infection, whereas the cost of control varied with herd size.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that a basic BLV control program may be economically beneficial in herds in which the prevalence of BLV infection is ≥ 12.5%. Farm-specific considerations may factor prominently when weighing the costs and benefits of an individual BLV control program. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223:346–352)
Surgical management of adrenal gland tumors with and without associated tumor thrombi in dogs: 40 cases (1994–2001)
Authors: Kyles Andrew E. , Feldman Edward C. , Cock Hilde E. V. De , Kass Philip H. , Mathews Kyle G. , Hardie Elizabeth M. , Nelson Richard W. , Ilkiw Janet E. , Gregory Clare R. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To compare pathologic findings and results of adrenalectomy for adrenal gland tumors in dogs with and without vena caval tumor thrombi.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—40 dogs with adrenal gland tumors.Procedure—Medical records were examined. An exact logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate associations between tumor type or right-sided versus left-sided tumor involvement and development of caval tumor thrombi and associations between tumor thrombi, tumor type, or right- versus left-sided location and perioperative complications and mortality rate. Survival was compared between dogs with and without tumor thrombi.Results—Caval thrombi were detected in 25% of dogs, including 3 of 28 (11%) dogs with an adrenocortical tumor and 6 of 11 dogs with a pheochromocytoma. A caval tumor thrombus was detected in 6 of 17 right-sided and 4 of 20 left-sided tumors. Sensitivity and specificity of abdominal ultrasonography for detection of caval thrombi were 80 and 90%, respectively. Intraoperative and postoperative complications developed in 15 and 51% of dogs, respectively. The mortality rate was 22%. There were no significant differences in perioperative morbidity and mortality rates between dogs with and without tumor thrombi.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Caval thrombi associated with adrenal gland tumors are amenable to adrenalectomy and thrombectomy without significantly increased perioperative morbidity and mortality rates, assuming the surgeon is experienced in appropriate techniques. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223: 654–662)
Comparison of prices paid for feeder calves sold at conventional auctions versus special auctions of vaccinated or conditioned calves in Ontario
Authors: Macartney Joanne E. , Bateman Kenneth G. , Ribble Carl S. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To determine whether vaccinated or conditioned feeder calves sold through special auctions in Ontario commanded a premium, compared with feeder calves sold at conventional auctions, and whether various physical characteristics of the calves were associated with the sale price.Design—Cross-sectional study.Animals—14,037 calves sold through conventional and special auctions at the Keady Livestock Market during the fall of 1999 and 2000.Procedure—Calves were observed as they were sold by lot in the auction ring. Lot characteristics and the price received for each lot were recorded. Multivariate analysis was used to estimate the effect of lot characteristics and sale type on price.Results—Information was recorded for 2,601 calf lots. Multivariate analysis indicated that various lot characteristics were associated with sale price, with 68% of the variation explained by the model. Overall, lots sold at special auctions received a premium of $0.06/lb (Canadian dollars), compared with lots sold at conventional auctions. However, the premium varied with mean body weight of the lot and year. In addition, frame size, breed, body condition score, uniformity of the lot, weaning status, mean body weight, lot size, sex, year, and sale type were significantly related to sale price.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that producers selling calves at special auctions at this market received a premium, compared with producers selling calves at conventional auctions. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223:670–676)
Accuracy and precision of a point-of-care hemoglobinometer for measuring hemoglobin concentration and estimating packed cell volume in horses
Authors: Chevalier Helene , Posner Lysa P. , Ludders John W. , French Tracy W. , Erb Hollis N. , Gleed Robin D. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To determine accuracy and precision of a point-of-care hemoglobinometer for measuring hemoglobin concentration and estimating PCV in horses.Design—Prospective trial.Animals—55 horses.Procedure—Blood samples were obtained from 43 horses examined at a veterinary teaching hospital. Hemoglobin concentration was measured with the hemoglobinometer and by means of the standard cyanmethemoglobin method; PCV was measured by centrifugation. Blood samples were also obtained from 12 healthy horses, and PCV of aliquots of these samples was altered to approximately 5 to 80% by removing or adding plasma. Hemoglobin concentration and PCV were then measured.Results—For samples from the clinic patients, hemoglobin concentrations obtained with the hemoglobinometer were less than concentrations obtained with the cyanmethemoglobin method; however, there was a linear relationship between concentrations obtained with the 2 methods. Breed, sex, body weight, and duration of sample storage did not significantly affect the difference between hemoglobin concentrations obtained with the 2 methods. There was a significant linear relationship between PCV and hemoglobinometer hemoglobin concentration (PCV = [2.83 X hemoglobin concentration] − 0.62). For samples from the healthy horses, a substantial negative bias was evident with the hemoglobinometer when hemoglobin concentration exceeded 16 g/dL.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that this hemoglobinometer is reasonably accurate and precise when used to measure hemoglobin concentration in blood samples from horses with a hemoglobin concentration < 16 g/dL. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223:78–83)
Prophylactic use of decoquinate for infections with Cryptosporidium parvum in experimentally challenged neonatal calves
Authors: Moore Dale A. , Atwill E. Robert , Kirk John H. , Brahmbhatt Dipa , Alonso Laura Herrera , Hou Lingling , Singer Matthew D. , Miller Tracy D. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To evaluate the effect of daily oral administration of decoquinate to neonatal calves experimentally challenged with various numbers ofCryptosporidium parvumoocysts.Design—Clinical trial.Animals—75 calves.Procedure—Calves were purchased from a commercial dairy during a 5-week period. Calves were housed in individual hutches and fed milk replacer with or without decoquinate (2 mg/kg [0.9 mg/lb per day]). Calves were randomly assigned to treatment and 1 of 5 challenge groups (0, 50, 100, 1000, or 10,000C parvumoocysts in 60 mL of saline [0.9% NaCl] solution administered PO on the day after arrival). Calves were maintained in the study for as long as 28 days. Calves were clinically assessed for diarrhea and dehydration. Fecal samples were submitted for oocyst enumeration 3 times each week.Results—Treatment did not affect number of days to first watery feces (diarrhea), number of days to first oocyst shedding, or duration of diarrhea or oocyst shedding. Duration of oocyst shedding was significantly associated with challenge dose of oocysts administered to calves and number of days to first oocyst shedding. Duration of diarrhea and number of days to first oocyst shedding were significantly associated with week of arrival and number of days to first watery diarrhea.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Daily treatment with decoquinate at the dosage used in this study did not affect oocyst shedding or clinical signs associated with cryptosporidiosis. However, there was an indication that if the number of oocysts calves received could be reduced, then the duration of oocyst shedding and, hence, environmental loading ofC parvumoocysts could be reduced. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223:839–845)
Demographic and clinical characteristics of geriatric horses: 467 cases (1989–1999)
Authors: Brosnahan Margaret M. , Paradis Mary Rose 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of a population of geriatric horses.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—467 horses that were ≥ 20 years of age.Procedure—Medical records of 539 geriatric horses that were evaluated at a university large animal hospital between 1989 and 1999 were reviewed. Data collected included signalment, reason for evaluation, specific diagnoses, surgical procedures, inpatient or outpatient care, duration of hospitalization, and outcome.Results—467 horses met the criteria for inclusion in the study. Horses that were ≥ 20 years of age comprised 2.2 and 12.5% of horses evaluated during 1989 and 1999, respectively. Pony breeds were significantly overrepresented in the ≥ 30-years-of-age group. Gastrointestinal tract, musculoskeletal, and respiratory tract problems were most frequently reported. Colic was the most common clinical sign, followed by lameness. Diagnoses made most frequently included pituitary dysfunction, strangulating lipoma of the small intestine, laminitis, heaves, large colon impaction, and gastric ulcers. Pituitary dysfunction was significantly more prevalent in horses that were > 30 years of age. Laminitis was significantly associated with the presence of pituitary dysfunction.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—It was difficult to assess association of age with illnesses identified in these horses. Demographic data and information regarding common diseases of horses that are ≥ 20 years of age are limited but will become increasingly important as this geriatric population increases. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223:93–98)
Assessment of clinical characteristics, management practices, and activities of geriatric horses
Authors: Brosnahan Margaret M. , Paradis Mary Rose 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics, management practices, and owner perception of a population of geriatric horses, and to compare these data with findings in a group of younger horses.Design—Original study.Animals—218 horses.Procedure—Data were collected via a survey tool from owners of 165 horses that were > 20 years of age and 53 horses that were < 20 years of age.Results—Compared with young horses, the geriatric group included a significantly greater number of ponies; geriatric horses were also more likely to have a history of colic, dental disease, tumors, lameness, and pituitary disease, but not laminitis, diarrhea, allergies, respiratory tract disease, thyroid disease, or fractures. Horses that had participated in Western equestrian disciplines were more likely to have a history of lameness. Among old horses, those with pituitary dysfunction were more likely to have a history of laminitis than those without pituitary dysfunction. Geriatric horses were more likely to have long hair and shedding abnormalities than were younger horses. Owners perceived their horses as old at approximately 22 years of age. In horses older than 16.5 years of age, age was a negative factor in the purchase of horses.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Geriatric and young horses share some similar health problems, but old horses have distinct health problems and veterinary medical requirements. The management and athletic history of horses may influence health as they age. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223:99–103)