bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of partial unfolding enthalpy for lysozyme upon interaction with dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide using an extended solvation model
Authors: Behbehani G. Rezaei , Saboury A. A. , Taleshi E. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe interactions of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromides (DTABs) with hen egg lysozyme have been investigated at pH = 7.0 and 27°C in phosphate buffer by isothermal titration calorimetry. DTAB interacts endothermically and activate lysozyme. The endothermicity of the lysozyme–DTAB interaction is in marked contrast to the exothermic interactions between sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and lysozyme which have been attributed to specific binding between the anionic sulphate head groups and cationic amino acid residues. The enthalpies of interaction between the cationic surfactant (DTAB) and lysozyme are dominated by the endothermic unfolding of the native structure followed by an exothermic solvation of the lysozyme–DTAB complex by the addition of extra DTAB. A new direct calorimetric method to follow protein denaturation, and the effect of surfactants on the stability of proteins was introduced. The extended solvation model was used to reproduce the enthalpies of lysozyme–DTAB interaction over the whole range of DTAB concentrations. The solvation parameters recovered from the new equation, attributed to the structural change of lysozyme and its biological activity. At low concentrations of DTAB, the binding is mainly electrostatic, with some simultaneous interaction of the hydrophobic tail with nearby hydrophobic patches on the lysozyme. These initial interactions presumably cause some protein unfolding and expose additional hydrophobic sites. The DTAB‐induced denaturation enthalpy of lysozyme is 86.46 ± 0.02 kJ mol−1. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Role of the tumor necrosis factor‐α, cyclooxygenase‐2, prostaglandin E2, and effect of low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound in an in vitro herniated disc resorption model
Authors: Iwabuchi Sadahiro , Ito Masaya , Chikanishi Toshihiro , Azuma Yoshiaki , Haro Hirotaka 
Published: March 2008

AbstractSpontaneous herniated disc resorption occurs via inflammatory reactions involving abundant neovascularization and macrophage phagocytotic activity. Nonthermal low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) treatment might be effective in shortening the duration of disc resorption. We developed a rat in vitro resorption model in which a coccygeal intervertebral disc and peritoneal macrophages were cocultured. Secretion of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) from macrophages was promoted by LIPUS, and the process of disc degeneration was thus accelerated. In this study, we further examined the effects of LIPUS using this in vitro model focusing on whether LIPUS affects cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) signaling pathways. We found that the levels of COX‐2 and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secreted from macrophages were increased by LIPUS. However, these phenomena were not caused by LIPUS directly, as the levels of these substances were reduced by neutralizing TNF‐α activity. Moreover, the wet weights of the disc samples were not changed by addition of PGE2, but were reduced by recombinant TNF‐α. Our results suggest that the effects of LIPUS in enhancing the process of herniated disc resorption are caused mainly by TNF‐α. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:1274–1278, 2008
Thermal damage potential during hip resurfacing in osteonecrosis of the femoral head: An experimental study
Authors: Hsieh Pang‐Hsin , Tai Ching‐Lung , Liaw Jiunn‐Woei , Chang Yu‐Han 
Published: March 2008

AbstractHip resurfacing arthroplasty has become an attractive treatment option for young, active patients with femoral head necrosis. However, little information is available about the potential thermal damage to the remaining femoral head when a cemented component is used. We used an experimental model to measure the temperature profile at the cement–bone interface during hip resurfacing. We compared four simulated lesion sizes—15, 25, 33, and 50%—of the femoral head, and a control group with no cystic lesion. Temperatures were measured with the specimens in a 37°C saline bath or with copious pulsed lavage. With specimens tested in the bath, peak temperatures were higher, and durations of temperatures above 50°C were longer, in femoral heads with necrotic lesions (88.8 ± 7.5°C; 17.6 ± 1.1 min for a 15% lesion; 96.2 ± 7.2°C; 22.86 ± 1.3 min for a 25% lesion; 99.7 © 200 ± 9.4°C; 28.6 ± 2.0 min for a 33% lesion; and 97.2 ± 4.2°C; 35.6 ± 2.4 min for a 50% lesion) than those in the control group (65.8 ± 4.9°C; 10.0 ± 1.3 min). The larger the cement‐filled cysts, the longer the temperatures remained above 50°C. Although copious lavage reduced the temperature profile in each group, the temperatures remained above 50°C for 7 to 17 min in specimens with necrotic cysts. The measured temperatures during surface replacement are sufficiently high in magnitude and long in duration to cause thermal damage to the remaining bone in femoral heads with preexisting necrotic lesions. Hip resurfacing for femoral head necrosis should be performed with caution. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:1206–1209, 2008
Raman identification of natural red to yellow pigments: ochre and iron‐containing ores
Authors: Froment Françoise , Tournié Aurélie , Colomban Philippe 
Published: March 2008

AbstractRed and yellow natural (roasted) pigments have been used for millennia. This paper reports on the Raman characterization of about 50 pigments of the Ôkhra ‘Mathériauthèque’ collection from different origins: violet, red, orange, apricot, yellow ochre, Umbrian and Siena earths from France (Puisaye, Ardennes, Vaucluse), Italy (Siena, Sardinia, Venice, etc.), Germany, Sweden, Cyprus and India (Madras). Comparison is made with ‘Bengara’ Japanese pigments. Goethite is the chromophore of yellow pigments, and haematite (sometimes with magnetite) that of red ochre and earths. Umbrian pigment (‘Terre d'Ombre’) contains additional manganese oxides. Color shades are related to the content of secondary phases: iron oxides (haematite, goethite, magnetite), quartz, gypsum and anhydrite, calcite, dolomite, alums (jarosites), and to the Fe/M substitution in the haematite structure. The set of secondary phases can be used to confirm a provenance signature (Supplementary Material available). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Scalable Route to Highly Functionalized Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes on a Large Scale
Authors: Chen Xianhong , Wang Jianfeng , Zhong Wenbin , Feng Tao , Yang Xinguo , Chen Jianghua 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA scalable and solvent‐free chemical process to obtain highly functionalized and dispersible multi‐walled carbon nanotubes is reported. Highly functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes have been prepared using in situ generated aryl diazonium salts in the presence of ammonium persulfate and 2,2′‐azoisobutyronitrile by solvent‐free techniques. In the Raman spectra of the resulting materials, characteristic peaks, the D‐ and G‐bands, are shifted by about 10 cm−1 to lower frequencies. At the same time, the relative intensity ratios between the D‐ and G‐bands increase in comparison to that in the spectrum of the purified product. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy reveals the presence of the functional groups on the surface. Transmission electron microscopy images directly confirm the significant build‐up of sidewall organic moieties on the treated materials. The weight loss of various functional moieties determined by thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry analysis is about 18–33%. The dispersibility of the functionalized materials in solvents, such as chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, and water, is obviously improved.magnified image
Compatibilization of Natural Fibers with Synthetic Polymers Using Triblock Copolymers as Coupling Agents
Authors: Tingaut Philippe , Henry Nathan , Rials Tim , Harper David , Dadmun Mark 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe ability of triblock copolymers of MMA and S to improve a wood/PS interface has been evaluated using the ADCB test. Two symmetric triblock copolymers were tested: an MMA centered triblock SMS and a styrene centered triblock MSM. The fracture toughness (Gc) of the interface has been evaluated as a function of the copolymer thickness. Gc was improved with both copolymers but depended on copolymer composition. At low copolymer thickness, the MSM was the strongest compatibilizer, while the SMS was more efficient in the saturated regime. An in‐depth characterization of the interface indicated that a lack of affinity between the MSM and PS is responsible for the different behaviors observed.magnified image
Speech rate and rhythm in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Skodda Sabine , Schlegel Uwe 
Published: March 2008

AbstractArticulatory rate and pause time in a standardized reading task in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients in correlation to disease duration and severity as compared to healthy controls were analyzed. In 121 PD patients and 70 healthy controls, an acoustical analysis was performed on the first and last sentence of a standardized 170‐syllabic text, using a commercial audio software. Articulatory rate and speech to pause ratios were calculated by measuring the length of each syllable and each pause both at the end of words and within polysyllabic words. No significant difference in overall articulatory rate was found between PD patients and controls. Both groups showed an accelerated speech rate in the last sentence compared to the first; however, PD patients had a higher speech acceleration than did controls. PD patients exhibited a significantly reduced percental pause duration in relation to total speech time in the first sentence and a reduced percental pause time within polysyllabic words. PD patients made significantly less but longer pauses at the end of words and less pauses within polysyllabic words. UPDRS III showed an inverse relation to number and rate of intraword pauses, and disease duration was negatively correlated with articulatory rate. The characteristics of parkinsonian speech feature was not only a stronger acceleration of articulation rate in the course of speaking but also a significant reduction of the total numbers of pauses, indicating an impaired speech rhythm and timing organization. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Multiple intracranial tumors in Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Successful treatment following aggressive supportive care, early cranial radiation, high dose chemotherapy and imatinib
Authors: Cuvelier Geoff D.E. , Vitali Aleksander M. , Ford Jason C. , Dix David B. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractWe report the first case of multiple intracranial tumors (“chloromas”) at diagnosis of Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The patient presented comatose with signs of cerebral herniation. Initial management of raised intracranial pressure and hyperleukocytosis followed by emergent whole brain radiation therapy reversed the life‐threatening neurological signs. High‐dose chemotherapy combined with daily imatinib mesylate induced a rapid and sustained bone marrow remission. Ongoing rehabilitation resulted in a near complete neurological recovery within 6 months of diagnosis. This outcome justifies aggressive early management of increased intracranial pressure and hyperleukocytosis in future similar presentations. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51:135–137. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Predicting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders‐IV personality disorders with the five‐factor model of personality and the personality psychopathology five
Authors: Bagby R. Michael , Sellbom Martin , Costa Paul T. , Widiger Thomas A. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe five‐factor model of personality (FFM), derived from personality trait psychology, is increasingly used to describe personality disorders (PDs). Critics have argued, however, that the personality traits of the FFM fail to capture adequately the full range of personality psychopathology. In this investigation, the personality domains of the personality psychopathology five (PSY‐5), an alternative model designed specifically to assess pathological traits, were compared to the domain traits from the FFM in the prediction of the PD symptom counts. The personality traits from both dimensional models were assessed in a sample of 138 psychiatric patients with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory‐2 (MMPI‐2) and the revised NEO personality inventory (NEO PI‐R), respectively. Both instruments significantly predicted all 10 PD symptoms and contributed on average an additional 10% of the variance beyond that predicted by the other instrument. Whereas the MMPI‐2 PSY‐5 scales were comparatively better predictors of paranoid, schizotypal, narcissistic and antisocial PD symptom counts, the NEO PI‐R domain scales outperformed the MMPI‐2 PSY‐5 scales in the prediction of borderline, avoidant and dependent PD symptom counts. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proteomic analysis on a high salt tolerance introgression strain of Triticum aestivum/Thinopyrum ponticum
Authors: Wang Meng‐Cheng , Peng Zhen‐Ying , Li Cui‐Ling , Li Fei , Liu Chun , Xia Guang‐Min 
Published: March 2008

AbstractSoil salinity is a major abiotic constraint to agricultural productivity. We successfully bred a new common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) introgression variety (Shanrong No. 3) with high salt‐tolerance via asymmetric somatic hybridization between common wheat cultivar (Jinan 177) and UV‐irradiated Agropyron elongatum (Thinopyrum ponticum Podp). We report here a comparative proteomic analysis to investigate variety‐specific and salt‐responsive proteins between seedling‐roots of Shanrong No. 3 and Jinan 177. In total, 114 spots reproducibly presented differential expression patterns on 2‐DE maps. Of them, 34 were variety‐specific and 49 were salt‐responsive. We identified 110 spots by MALDI‐TOF MS and partially confirmed by MALDI‐TOF‐TOF MS, and functionally classified them into signal transduction, transcription and translation, transporting, chaperones, proteolysis and detoxification, etc. Meanwhile, we also found the alteration of protein expression of Shanrong No. 3 through inhibition of old proteins and production of novel ones, change in abundance and sensitivity of some nonsalt‐responsive and salt‐responsive proteins, as well as PTMs. Furthermore, comparison between proteome and transcripteome using cDNA microarray showed that there were only 20 proteins with abundances correlative to signal densities of corresponding EST probes. This study gives us a global insight into proteomic difference between Shanrong No. 3 and Jinan 177 in constitute and to salt‐response.
A practical way of grafting maleic anhydride onto polypropylene providing high anhydride contents without sacrificing excessive molar mass
Authors: Henry Gaëtan R. P. , Drooghaag Xavier , Rousseaux Dimitri D. J. , Sclavons Michel , Devaux Jacques , Marchand‐Brynaert Jacqueline , Carlier Véronique 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThis study reports a reactive extrusion process leading to very high levels of anhydride grafting (2.5–3 wt %) along polypropylene backbone without recovering grafted PP waxes at the die exit. Such high graftings are attainable without excessive degradation of the PP chain by using a brominated reagent. Simultaneously, this brominated reagent allows the tuning of the grafted PP crystallinity via epimerization of the PP backbone. Indeed, the synthesis of a mainly isotactic/atactic stereoblock polymer containing high levels of grafted succinic anhydride moieties is demonstrated by NMR and melting enthalpies recorded by DSC are definitely observed depressed and broadened. Grafting levels of around 3 wt % have been achieved and ascertained by both chemical titration and NMR spectroscopy. In addition, FTIR spectroscopy reveals an unusual observation: for the first time, only one single pair of symmetric and asymmetric carbonyl stretching bands are observed on those grafted PP, while, in other processes of anhydride grafting, those symmetric and asymmetric bands were both split in at least two bands. This suggests, for the here reported process, the absence of interacting grafted anhydride rings, i.e., absence of closely grafted anhydride moieties and absence of poly(maleic anhydride). All those observations support that this “bromine route” brings a really new grafting process for PP. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 2936–2947, 2008
Synthesis of poly(benzyl glutamate‐b‐styrene) rod‐coil block copolymers by dual initiation in one pot
Authors: Knoop Rutger J. I. , Habraken Gijs J. M. , Gogibus Nicolas , Steig Simone , Menzel Henning , Koning Cor E. , Heise Andreas 
Published: March 2008

AbstractWe have developed a metal free synthetic pathway to homopolypeptide rod‐coil block copolymers. The concept was proven for the synthesis of poly(benzyl‐L‐glutamate‐b‐styrene). A dual initiator containing a primary amine and a nitroxide group was used in a macroinitiation approach with high initiation efficiency. Good control over the molecular weight in the ring opening polymerization of benzyl‐L‐glutamate N‐carboxyanhydride was obtained in DMF at 0 °C yielding poly(benzyl‐L‐glutamates) with low polydispersities around 1.1. The almost quantitative incorporation of the dual initiator was confirmed by MALDI‐ToF analysis. Macroinitiation of styrene by nitroxide‐mediated controlled radical polymerization yielded the block copolymer with high structural control. The diblock structure was confirmed by molecular weight increase upon macroinitiation by size exclusion chromatography and retention time comparison with homopolymers using gradient polymer elution chromatography. Both polymerizations were also successfully conducted in one pot without intermediate isolation owing to the high compatibility of both polymerization techniques. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 3068–3077, 2008
Quantitative ATR FT‐IR Analysis of Chemically Derivatized Plasma‐Modified Polymer Surfaces
Authors: Klages Claus‐Peter , Grishin Artur 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe quantitative evaluation of ATR FT‐IR spectra of chemically derivatized plasma‐modified polymer surfaces is proposed in order to derive area densitiesρ(numbers or mole numbers per unit area) of chemical functional groups. Because of the very small thicknessdmodof the modified surface region, a simple equation can be applied that allows the calculation ofρfrom band area measurements on polymer samples and on suitable reference solutions that contain small molecules with the same functional groups. Applying this method to polymer surfaces plasma aminated in atmospheric‐pressure afterglows of N2 + H2mixtures, an initial amination rate of about 1 nm−2 · s−1has been determined.magnified image
Novel approach to the eradication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an infant with CF after outpatient treatment failure
Authors: Hayes Don , Kanga Jamshed F. , Anstead Michael I. , Kuhn Robert J. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIntravenous continuous infusion of betalactam (CIBL) antibiotic and high dose extended interval (HDEI) aminoglycoside therapy theoretically maximize bacterial killing in treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PsA) in pulmonary exacerbations of cystic fibrosis (CF). We present the case of a 3‐month‐old female infant with CF who failed outpatient eradication of PsA with subsequent eradication using intravenous CIBL antibiotic and HDEI aminoglycoside therapy. This antibiotic combination should be considered in order to optimize pharmacodynamics for PsA eradication in CF patients before development of chronic colonization. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2008; 43:511–513. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Procoagulant activity in children with community acquired pneumonia, pleural effusion and empyema
Authors: Michelin E. , Snijders D. , Conte S. , Dalla Via P. , Tagliaferro T. , Da Dalt L. , Monciotti C.M. , Simioni P. , Stefanutti G. , Ghirardo V. , Gamba P. , Barbato A. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn patients with community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP), bacterial‐cell‐wall‐derived fragments may induce the coagulation cascade. To contribute to the knowledge of underlying mechanisms, we have studied the fibrinolytic activity in children with CAP and parapneumonic effusions.Patients and MethodsTwenty previously healthy children admitted to our Department with CAP were studied; with (n = 11) or without (n = 9) pleural effusion (PPE). We also investigated 10 children with empyema. In all children we analyzed coagulation and fibrinolytic parameters and compared the results to nine controls.ResultsProthrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were not significantly modified in the three groups as compared to controls (P = 0.975, P = 0.535, respectively). The fibrinogen levels were significantly increased in respect to the control group (P < 0.0001). The median values of D‐dimer showed an increasing trend that was statistically significant: children with pneumonia 244 µg/L, with pneumonia and PPE 751 µg/L and with empyema 2003 µg/L, in respect to values (48 µg/L) of our control group (P < 0.0001).ConclusionThe results suggest that plasma level of D‐dimer can give an additional contribution for the evaluation of the severity of CAP and its complications in children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2008; 43:472–475. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Streptococcus milleri group—An unrecognized cause of disease in cystic fibrosis: A case series and literature review
Authors: Parkins Michael D. , Sibley Christopher D. , Surette Michael G. , Rabin Harvey R. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe “Streptococcus milleri” group (SMG) is increasingly recognized for their role in pyogenic infections including empyema and solid organ abscesses. However, SMG disease has rarely been identified in cystic fibrosis (CF). Inherent difficulties in both growing the organisms and distinguishing SMG from less virulent oropharyngeal viridans streptococci may have led to a decreased recognition of this as a CF pathogen. We report on six cases of SMG‐related infection over a 4‐year time‐frame occurring within an adult CF clinic in Canada, and a further four cases identified through a literature review. SMG manifested disease as bronchopulmonary exacerbations in 7 of 10 patients, and 4 of 10 patients had extra‐pulmonary dissemination of SMG infection. Noticeably, pulmonary exacerbations were frequently associated with atypically malodorous sputum. Furthermore, patients clinically responded to anti‐microbial therapies with no anti‐Pseudomonal activity. There was a consistent correlation of SMG disease and co‐colonization with P. aeruginosa leading to speculation of polymicrobial interactions resulting in enhanced virulence. SMG deserves considerable attention as a potential pathogen within the airways of patients with CF. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2008; 43:490–497. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gender role beliefs and family migration
Authors: Cooke Thomas J. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractConsistent empirical evidence demonstrates that demographic indicators associated with traditional gender roles, such as the presence of children, are linked to the negative effect of moving on married women's employment and earnings. However, very few studies have directly examined how gender role beliefs are related to family migration behaviour. This analysis demonstrates that when a couple shares egalitarian gender role beliefs, the family has a lower probability of moving when the wife is employed and has a higher probability of moving when the wife is unemployed and wants to work. Among couples that do not share traditional gender role beliefs, migration appears to be unaffected by the employment status of the wife. This study is one of the few which clearly demonstrates that family migration is contingent on the gender role beliefs of husbands and wives. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.