bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An easy way to achieve three‐dimensional metal–organic coordination polymers: synthesis and crystal structure of dizinc diisophthalate bis‐dimethylsulfoxide monohydrate: [Zn2(ip)4(DMSO)2(H2O)·3 DMSO]n
Authors: Zevaco Thomas A. , Männle Daniel , Walter Olaf , Dinjus Eckhard 
Published: October 2007

AbstractAn easy way of producing three‐dimensional metal–organic coordination polymers involving zinc(II) benzene‐dicarboxylates is reported. The reaction of zinc oxide with benzene dicarboxylic acids in water yielded the expected hydrated zinc dicarboxylates. These zinc compounds were then suspended in dimethylsulfoxide and heated to above 100 °C for a couple of hours; the solutions were allowed after filtration to cool down to eventually deliver crystalline compounds displaying complex zeotype structures. The crystal structure of the title compound, [Zn2(ip)4(DMSO)2(H2O)·3 DMSO]n (ipH2 = isophthalic acid = 1,3‐benzenedicarboxylic acid, DMSO = dimethylsulfoxide), is reported for the first time and shows a three‐dimensional network where octahedrally and tetrahedrally coordinated zinc atoms (present in a 1:1 ratio) are linked by bridging isophthalate ligands. The complex coordination network exhibits a remarkable channel structure along the z‐axis. The related zinc terephthalate–DMSO complex was similarly prepared and the crystal structure determination revealed an already documented zeotypic structure: [{Zn4(OH)2(tp)3(DMSO)4} 2H2O]n (tpH2 = terephthalic acid = 1,4‐benzenedicarboxylic acid). Weak interactions as well as hydrogen bonds involving water molecules and carboxy groups play a major role in the formation of these complex three‐dimensional networks. In comparison, the zinc 1,2‐benzene‐dicarboxylate–DMSO complex could not be isolated, even under more drastic conditions. The higher symmetry of the coordination network found in the zinc terephthalate–DMSO complexes was incidentally corroborated by 13C CP/MAS spectroscopy. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydraulic characteristics of aerobic granules using size exclusion chromatography
Authors: Adav Sunil S. , Chang Cheng‐Hsuan , Lee Duu‐Jong 
Published: October 2007

AbstractElution of poly(ethylene glycol) of molecular weight 200–20,000 Da from a size exclusion chromatography column packed with phenol‐fed aerobic granules of three different nominal sizes (types I–III) has been investigated. The pore sizes of the three types of granules were evaluated based on the mean hydraulic times of the elution curves that decreased directly proportional to the increased logarithm of the molecular mass of a standard tracer and increased as granule size decreased. The corresponding exclusion limits for types I–III granules were 139,000, 123,000, and 54,500 Da, respectively. A one‐dimensional convection–dispersion model described the effective dispersion coefficients of the tracers through the granule column. The intra‐granular permeabilities and convective and diffusional transit times through the granule interior were evaluated by a dual porosity model. For small molecules of molecular mass <5,000 Da, intra‐granular convection dominated transport mechanisms at fast moving velocity. For comparatively larger molecules, diffusion barrier existed to limit nutrient supply to the granules. The size exclusion test provided intra granular transport characteristics using detailed analysis on the elution data. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 791–799. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Genomic and proteomic exploration of CHO and hybridoma cells under sodium butyrate treatment
Authors: Yee Joon Chong , de Leon Gatti Marcela , Philp Robin J. , Yap Miranda , Hu Wei‐Shou 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSodium butyrate has been known to increase the specific productivity of recombinant proteins in mammalian cells. In quest of physiological mechanisms leading to the increased productivity, DNA microarray and two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) were used to assess the response of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and a mouse hybridoma cell (MAK) to butyrate treatment at the transcriptome and proteome level. The expression of the orthologous genes represented on both CHO cDNA and mouse Affymetrix microarray, as well as genes in the same ontological class were compared. Only a relatively small number of orthologs changed their expression consistently between the two cell lines, however, at a functional class level many genes involved in cell cycle and apoptosis were affected in both cell lines. Furthermore, a large number of genes involved in protein processing, secretion and redox activity were upregulated in both CHO and MAK cells. More genes showed a consistent trend of change at both transcript and protein levels than those which showed opposite trend in MAK cells. Overall the results suggested that the changes arising in the protein processing machinery may be responsible for the increased productivity upon butyrate treatment in both CHO and MAK cells. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 1186–1204. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Modeling of a foamed emulsion bioreactor: I. Model development and experimental validation
Authors: Kan Eunsung , Deshusses Marc A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractRecently, a new type of bioreactor for air pollution control referred to as the foamed emulsion bioreactor (FEBR) has been developed. The process relies on the emulsion of an organic phase with a suspension of an actively growing culture of pollutant‐degrading microorganisms, made into a foam with the air undergoing treatment. In the current paper, a diffusion and reaction model of the FEBR is presented and discussed. The model considers the fate of the volatile pollutant in the emulsion that constitutes the liquid films of the FEBR. Oxygen limitation as well as substrate inhibition were included in the biokinetic relationships. The removal of toluene vapors served for the validation of the model. All the model parameters were determined by independent experiments or taken from the literature. The model predictions were found to be in good agreement with the experimental data and the model provided useful insights on the phenomena occurring in the FEBR. Model parametric sensitivity studies and further discussion of the factors that limit the performance of the FEBR are presented in Part 2 of this paper. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 1096–1106. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization of spatial growth and distribution of chondrocyte cells embedded in collagen gels through a stereoscopic cell imaging system
Authors: Kino‐oka Masahiro , Maeda Yoshikatsu , Sato Yasuaki , Khoshfetrat Ali Baradar , Yamamoto Takeyuki , Sugawara Katsura , Taya Masahito 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe stereoscopic image analysis of fluorescence‐labeled chondrocyte cells for cytoplasm and nucleus was performed for the quantitative determination of spatial cell distribution as well as cell aggregate size in the collagen‐embedded culture. The three‐dimensional histomorphometric data indicated that the cells in the gels formed aggregates by cell division, and the size of aggregates increased with elapsed culture time. In the culture seeded at 2.0 × 106 cells/cm3, the cells showed a semilunar shape that is a typical chondrocytic morphology, and formed the dense cell aggregates producing collagen type II. From the quantitative analysis of aggregate size, in addition, it was found that the cell division caused the aggregate growth with an increase of cell number in respective aggregates at 7 days, and some of aggregates made coalescence at 14 days. In the gel surface region, further coalescence of aggregates accompanied with cell division produced larger cell clusters, creating cell layers on the gel surface at the end of culture (21 days). In the culture seeded at 2.0 × 105 cells/cm3, the different manner of aggregation was observed. At 14 days, the loose clusters of spindle‐shaped cells emerged in the deeper region of gels, suggesting that the cell migration and gathering occurred in the gels. This loose‐clustered aggregates did not produce collagen type II. Our results suggest that the seeding density is a factor to cause different mechanisms of cell distribution accompanied with the formation of aggregates as well as collagen type II. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 1230–1240. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of tumor‐specific targeting and dosing schedule on tumor growth inhibition after intravenous administration of siRNA‐containing nanoparticles
Authors: Bartlett Derek W. , Davis Mark E. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis study addresses issues of relevance for siRNA nanoparticle delivery by investigating the functional impact of tumor‐specific targeting and dosing schedule. The investigations are performed using an experimental system involving a syngeneic mouse cancer model and a theoretical system based on our previously described mathematical model of siRNA delivery and function. A/J mice bearing subcutaneous Neuro2A tumors ∼100 mm3 in size were treated by intravenous injection with siRNA‐containing nanoparticles formed with cyclodextrin‐containing polycations (CDP). Three consecutive daily doses of transferrin (Tf)‐targeted nanoparticles carrying 2.5 mg/kg of two different siRNA sequences targeting ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 (RRM2) slowed tumor growth, whereas non‐targeted nanoparticles were significantly less effective when given at the same dose. Furthermore, administration of the three doses on consecutive days or every 3 days did not lead to statistically significant differences in tumor growth delay. Mathematical model calculations of siRNA‐mediated target protein knockdown and tumor growth inhibition are used to elucidate possible mechanisms to explain the observed effects and to provide guidelines for designing more effective siRNA‐based treatment regimens regardless of delivery methodology and tumor type. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008; 99; 975–985. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Growth and cometabolic reduction kinetics of a uranium‐ and sulfate‐reducing Desulfovibrio/Clostridia mixed culture: Temperature effects
Authors: Boonchayaanant Benjaporn , Kitanidis Peter K. , Criddle Craig S. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBioremediation of contaminated soils and aquifers is subject to spatial and temporal temperature changes that can alter the kinetics of key microbial processes. This study quantifies temperature effects on the kinetics of an ethanol‐fed sulfate‐reducing mixed culture derived from a uranium‐contaminated aquifer subject to seasonal temperature fluctuations. The mixed culture contains Desulfovibrio sp. and a Clostridia‐like organism. Rates of growth, ethanol utilization, decay, and uranium reduction decreased with decreasing temperature. No significant uranium reduction was observed at 10°C. While both Monod saturation kinetics and pseudo second‐order kinetics adequately described the rates of growth and utilization of electron donor (ethanol), model parameters for the pseudo second‐order expression had smaller uncertainties. Uranium reduction kinetics were best described by pseudo second‐order kinetics modified to include a term for inactivation/death of cells. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 1107–1119. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The impact of manual processing on the expansion and directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells
Authors: Veraitch Farlan S. , Scott Rosario , Wong Ju‐Wei , Lye Gary J. , Mason Chris 
Published: October 2007

AbstractEmbryonic stem cells (ESC) have the developmental potential to form every adult cell type, even after prolonged culture. Reproducibly culturing pluripotent populations and directing differentiation has proven technically challenging yet will underpin the provision of stem cells for both screening and therapeutic applications. This study investigated whether the variations inherent in manual handling procedures cause inconsistent proliferation and phenotypic variability. Two mouse ESC green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter cells lines, Oct4‐GiP and 46C, were used to assess Oct4 expression during expansion and Sox1 expression during directed neuroectoderm differentiation. High inoculation cell densities (ICD) had a negative impact on Oct4‐GFP expression. Similarly, increasing ICD caused a drop in Sox1‐GFP expression in differentiating cultures. The expansion process had an optimum ICD of 31,800 cells cm−2 whilst the highest yield of Sox1‐GFP positive cells were found at an ICD of 16,400 cells cm−2. These results implicate variable cell density as a major cause of interindividual variability. Passaging exposes cells to dynamic and repeated changes in their micro‐environment. This was associated with a rapid drop in temperature and rise in pH. Extended exposure of 1, 2 and 3 h to ambient conditions resulted in the inhibition of ESC proliferation and Oct4‐GFP expression. Dissociation subjects cells to fluid flow and centrifugal forces. Repeated exposure to fluid flow in capillaries prior to cultivation reduced the proliferative capacity of undifferentiated ESCs and caused a significant drop in differentiated neuroectoderm yield. Excessive centrifugal forces up to 1,000g caused shifts in phenotype and proliferation during expansion and differentiation. These studies highlight the need for automated cultivation systems which reproducibly control cell density, fluid flow, centrifugal forces, pH and temperature for the dissociation and inoculation of ESC processes. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 1216–1229. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fenestrated endovascular repair for juxtarenal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Scurr J R H , Brennan J A , Gilling-Smith G L , Harris P L , Vallabhaneni S R , McWilliams R G 
Published: October 2007

Abstract

Background
The outcome of fenestrated endovascular aneurysm repair (F-EVAR) was evaluated.

Methods
Between February 2003 and December 2006, 45 patients (median age 73 (range 53–85) years) underwent primary (41) or secondary (four) F-EVAR for an abdominal aortic aneurysm with infrarenal neck anatomy unsuitable for a standard stent-graft. Median aneurysm diameter was 68 (range 55–100) mm and median infrarenal aortic neck length was 6 (range 0–13) mm. Customized fenestrated Zenith® stent-grafts were employed in all procedures, incorporating fenestrations to preserve flow into renal (80), superior mesenteric (35) and coeliac (two) arteries. Eighty-two target vessels were stented (61 bare metal, 21 covered).

Results
All aneurysms were isolated successfully, with preservation of the target vessels. One accessory renal artery was lost. One patient died after 5 days from myocardial infarction, and another at 3 months from multiorgan failure secondary to atheroembolism. At median follow-up of 24 (range 1–48) months, all aneurysms were stable or shrinking, with no late ruptures or graft-related endoleaks. Six patients required a secondary intervention. The primary vessel patency rate was 96·6 per cent. There were four late deaths, unrelated to the aneurysm.

Conclusion
F-EVAR enabled successful treatment of juxtarenal aortic aneurysm with a low complication rate.
Assessment of a patient consultation questionnaire-based scoring system for stratification of outpatient risk of colorectal cancer
Authors: Rai S , Ballal M , Thomas W M , Miller A S , Jameson J S , Steward W P 
Published: October 2007

Abstract

Background
The UK government's fast-track 2-week wait (2WW) rule and colorectal cancer guidelines aimed to detect patients at high risk of having colorectal cancer, but the yield has been poor. A patient consultation questionnaire (PCQ)-based scoring system may be an effective tool for prioritizing colorectal referrals. The aim of this study was to validate the system in a large and ethnically diverse population and to compare it with 2WW referrals.

Methods
Over a 1-year period, all colorectal referrals (2WW and traditional letters) at nine hospitals in Leicestershire were sent a PCQ to complete and return. A weighted numerical score (WNS), which reflects the patient's risk of having colorectal cancer, was calculated and compared with the hospital diagnosis.

Results
Of a total of 1422 PCQs returned, 83 patients were diagnosed with colorectal cancer. The 2WW referrals constituted 35·7 per cent of all referrals. The mean WNS of patients with colorectal cancer was significantly higher than that of the other patients (mean 76·3 versus 48·9 respectively; P &lt; 0·001). For similar cancer detection rates (or sensitivity), the specificity of a WNS cut-off of 70 was significantly better than that of the 2WW system (82·7 versus 66·1 per cent; P &lt; 0·001).

Conclusion
The PCQ-based WNS system improves specificity for detecting colorectal cancer, particularly when the WNS exceeds 70.
Rescue inverse crush: A way of get out of trouble
Authors: Furuichi Shinichi , Airoldi Flavio , Colombo Antonio 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis report describes a technique for bailout stenting in treating coronary bifurcation lesion when the side branch (SB) is compromised after stent implantation in the main branch (MB) and there are difficulties to negotiate the guidewire from the MB into the true lumen of a dissection of the SB. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The impact of chronically diseased coronary arteries and stenting on the corrected TIMI frame count in elective coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention procedures
Authors: Vijayalakshmi Kunadian , Kunadian Babu , Whittaker Victoria J. , Williams David , Wright Robert A. , Sutton Andrew GC , Hall James A. , de Belder Mark A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe impact of chronic coronary obstructions on resting blood flow in stable cardiac patients and the response to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using the TIMI frame count method has not been well documented. We studied the impact of coronary artery stenosis severity on the corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC) in chronically stenosed coronary arteries. We prospectively and quantitatively determined the impact of stenting on the cTFC during elective PCI. Methods: In substudy 1, analysis was performed to obtain the mean cTFC for arteries with <50% stenosis (Group A), 51–75% stenosis (Group B), 76–85% stenosis (Group C1), 86–95% stenosis (Group C2) and 96–99% stenosis (Group C3). In substudy 2, the cTFC and quantitative coronary angiography were performed pre‐ and post‐PCI. Results: In substudy 1, the cTFC increased exponentially beyond a diameter stenosis of 75% (P < 0.01). However there was no significant difference in the cTFC for coronary arteries with <75% stenosis. In substudy 2, the overall pre‐ and poststenting cTFC was 17.1 ± 11.7 and 7.8 ± 2.7 (P < 0.01) and the TFC index [calculated by dividing the mean cTFC for the relevant artery by the mean cTFC for the corresponding coronary artery in a previously derived control group in our laboratory] was 1.6 ± 1 and 0.7 ± 0.2 (P = < 0.01), respectively. Conclusion: We have demonstrated that there was a significant increase in the cTFC when the coronary artery stenosis was more than 75% reflecting significant flow abnormalities at this degree of stenosis in chronically diseased coronary arteries. Following stenting there is a significant improvement in the cTFC, which is better than the cTFC for arteries with normal flow, suggesting early hyperaemia. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Patients' skin dose during percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusion
Authors: Suzuki Shigeru , Furui Shigeru , Isshiki Takaaki , Kozuma Ken , Koyama Yutaka , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Ochiai Masahiko , Asakura Yasushi , Ikari Yuji 
Published: October 2007

AbstractObjectives:The purpose of this research is to assess the patient's entrance skin dose (ESD) during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusion (CTO) in six institutions.Background:Only a few reports are available on the patients' exposure during the procedures.Methods:This study was approved by all of the six institutional review boards, and all patients gave informed consent. This study included consecutive 72 patients who underwent PCI procedures for CTO in the six institutions. They wore jackets that had 100 radiosensitive indicators adhered to the back during the PCI procedures. The patients' ESDs were calculated from the color difference of the indicators. The total fluoroscopic time, total number of cine frames, and maximal ESD were compared among institutions. To check for effects on the skin, clinical follow‐up was performed at 1–2 days, 2 weeks, and 3 months after the PCI procedure.Results:The total fluoroscopic time was 45.0 ± 24.5 min (range: 10.3–113.0 min) and the total number of cine frames was 4,558 ± 3,440 (range: 855–22,950). The maximum ESD for each patient was 3.2 ± 2.1 Gy (range: 0.5–10.2 Gy, median: 2.7 Gy). The average maximum ESDs were significantly different among institutions (P = 0.0006), and they were 1.6–5.3 Gy. Radiation skin injuries were observed in 2 patients.Conclusions:The maximum ESDs during PCI for CTO exceed the thresholds for radiation skin injuries in many cases, although there are differences in the average maximum ESDs among institutions. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stenting for superior vena cava obstruction in pediatric heart transplant recipients
Authors: Sachdeva Ritu , Seib Paul M. , Burns Samuel A. , Fontenot Eudice E. , Frazier Elizabeth A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBackground:Superior vena cava (SVC) obstruction can be a complication in heart transplant recipients. We reviewed our experience with relief of SVC obstruction using endovascular stents in pediatric heart transplant recipients.Methods:Study cohort included pediatric heart transplant recipients, followed at our institution, who required endovascular stent placement for SVC obstruction. Data retrieved retrospectively included cardiac diagnosis, age, and weight at transplant, surgical technique of transplant (bicaval vs. biatrial anastomosis), previous cardiovascular surgeries, presenting symptoms, date of SVC stent placement, and need for reintervention.Results:From March 1990 to June 2006, 5.1% (7/138) pediatric heart transplant recipients who were followed at our institution had SVC obstruction requiring stent placement. Median age and weight at transplant was 9 months and 8.7 kg, respectively. Four patients previously had a cavopulmonary anastomosis. Transplant surgery involved bicaval anastomosis in 6 and biatrial in 1. Of the 7 patients included in the study, 2 were asymptomatic, 2 were symptomatic (1 with chylothorax, 1 with headache), and 3 were identified at the time of transplant surgery. Median time from transplant surgery to SVC stent placement was 2 months (0–14 months). Three patients required reintervention as redilation of SVC stent (n = 1) or additional SVC stent (n = 2). In one patient the stent migrated to the pulmonary artery but was retrieved.Conclusion:SVC obstruction can be an important complication following heart transplantation, especially in infants with previous cavopulmonary anastomosis, undergoing heart transplant using bicaval technique. SVC obstruction can be safely and effectively treated using endovascular stents. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enantioselective Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Trialkynylindium Reagents with Racemic Secondary Benzyl Bromides
Authors: Caeiro Jorge , Pérez Sestelo José , Sarandeses Luis A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe first enantioselective sp–sp3 cross‐coupling reaction between alkynyl organometals and racemic benzyl bromides is reported. The coupling is performed at room temperature by using NiBr2⋅diglyme and (S)‐(iPr)‐Pybox as the catalytic system and trialkynylindium reagents as nucleophiles. The reaction is stereoconvergent, both enantiomers of the racemic benzyl bromide are converted into one enantiomer of the product, and stereospecific. The reaction takes place efficiently in good yields and with high atom economy, as the triorganoindium reagents transfer the three organic groups attached to indium (only 40 mol % of R3In is used).