bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ionic Liquid Coating‐Driven Nanoparticle Delivery to the Brain: Applications for NeuroHIV
Authors: Hamadani Christine M. , Mahdi Fakhri , Merrell Anya , Flanders Jack , Cao Ruofan , Vashisth Priyavrat , Dasanayake Gaya S. , Darlington Donovan S. , Singh Gagandeep , Pride Mercedes C. , Monroe Wake G. , Taylor George R. , Hunter Alysha N. , Roman Gregg , Paris Jason J. , Tanner Eden E. L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDelivering cargo to the central nervous system (CNS) remains a pharmacological challenge. For infectious diseases such as HIV, the CNS acts as a latent reservoir that is inadequately managed by systemic antiretrovirals (ARTs). ARTs thus cannot eradicate HIV, and given CNS infection, patients experience neurological deficits collectively referred to as “neuroHIV”. Herein, the development of bioinspired ionic liquid‐coated nanoparticles (IL‐NPs) for in situ hitchhiking on red blood cells (RBCs) is reported, which enables 48% brain delivery of intracarotid arterial‐ infused cargo. Moreover, IL choline trans‐2‐hexenoate (CA2HA 1:2) demonstrates preferential accumulation in parenchymal microglia over endothelial cells post‐delivery. This study further demonstrates successful loading of abacavir (ABC), an ART that is challenging to encapsulate, into IL‐NPs, and verifies retention of antiviral efficacy in vitro. IL‐NPs are not cytotoxic to primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the CA2HA 1:2 coating itself confers notable anti‐viremic capacity. In addition, in vitro cell culture assays show markedly increased uptake of IL‐NPs into neural cells compared to bare PLGA nanoparticles. This work debuts bioinspired ionic liquids as promising nanoparticle coatings to assist CNS biodistribution and has the potential to revolutionize the delivery of cargos (i.e., drugs, viral vectors) through compartmental barriers such as the blood‐brain‐barrier (BBB).
Passive Self‐Sustained Thermoelectric Devices Powering the 24 h Wireless Transmission via Radiation‐Cooling and Selective Photothermal Conversion
Authors: Liu Kai , Ma Yaoguang , Li Yuzheng , Wu Yunxiao , Fu Chenguang , Zhu Tiejun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe rapid development of the Internet of Things has triggered a huge demand for self‐sustained technology that can provide a continuous electricity supply for low‐power electronics. Here, a self‐sustained power supply solution is demonstrated that can produce a 24 h continuous and unipolar electricity output based on thermoelectric devices by harvesting the environmental temperature difference, which is ingeniously established utilizing radiation cooling and selective photothermal conversion. The developed prototype system can stably maintain a large temperature difference of about 1.8 K for a full day despite the real‐time changes in environmental temperature and solar radiation, thereby driving continuous electricity output using the built‐in thermoelectric device. Specifically, the large output voltage of >102 mV and the power density of >4.4 mW m−2 could be achieved for a full day, which are outstanding among the 24 h self‐sustained thermoelectric devices and far higher than the start‐up values of the wireless temperature sensor and also the light‐emitting diode, enabling the 24 h remote data transmission and lighting, respectively. This work highlights the application prospects of self‐sustained thermoelectric devices for low‐power electronics.
Ion‐Exchange‐Induced Phase Transition Enables an Intrinsically Air Stable Hydrogarnet Electrolyte for Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Cui Chenghao , Bai Fan , Yang Yanan , Hou Zhiqian , Sun Zhuang , Zhang Tao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInferior air stability is a primary barrier for large‐scale applications of garnet electrolytes in energy storage systems. Herein, a deeply hydrated hydrogarnet electrolyte generated by a simple ion‐exchange‐induced phase transition from conventional garnet, realizing a record‐long air stability of more than two years when exposed to ambient air is proposed. Benefited from the elimination of air‐sensitive lithium ions at 96 h/48e sites and unobstructed lithium conduction path along tetragonal sites (12a) and vacancies (12b), the hydrogarnet electrolyte exhibits intrinsic air stability and comparable ion conductivity to that of traditional garnet. Moreover, the unique properties of hydrogarnet pave the way for a brand‐new aqueous route to prepare lithium metal stable composite electrolyte on a large‐scale, with high ionic conductivity (8.04 × 10−4 S cm−1), wide electrochemical windows (4.95 V), and a high lithium transference number (0.43). When applied in solid‐state lithium batteries (SSLBs), the batteries present impressive capacity and cycle life (164 mAh g−1 with capacity retention of 89.6% after 180 cycles at 1.0C under 50 °C). This work not only designs a new sort of hydrogarnet electrolyte, which is stable to both air and lithium metal but also provides an eco‐friendly and large‐scale fabrication route for SSLBs.
Temperature Effect on GaN Threshold Displacement Energy Under Low‐Energy Electron Beam Irradiation
Authors: Guo Pengsheng , Song Chengzhen , Wu Yu‐Ning , Chen Shiyou 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUsing ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD), the cascade collision process in GaN irradiated by low‐energy electron beam and the temperature effect on the threshold displacement energy (TDE) are investigated. The temperature effect of the TDE is found to exhibit different patterns for Ga and N primary knock‐on atoms (PKAs). In the considered energy range of initial kinetic energy (40 to 80 eV), displacements induced by Ga PKA show high uncertainty, i.e., the TDE energy strongly depends on the initial configurations, and kinetic energies higher than TDE does not ensure the displacements that form defects. On the contrary, temperature shows relatively small effect on its TDE and displacement induced by N PKAs, which can essentially occur when the PKA kinetic energy is higher than the TDE. Such different effects are possibly due to the different atomic radii of the two elements and the different energy barriers to overcome. Ga PKAs, which have larger atomic radii, are relatively difficult to stabilize in the crystal and tend to relax to its original position with the assistance of thermal vibrations, and vice versa for N PKAs. The simulation results provide a new understanding of TDE and the cascade collisions of PKAs in GaN at finite temperatures, which can be instructive for improving the radiation resistance of GaN devices.
In Situ Growth of (−201) Fiber‐Textured β‐Ga2O3 Semiconductor Tape for Flexible Thin‐Film Transistor
Authors: Tang Xiao , Zhao Yue , Li Kuang‐Hui , Liu Chen , Faber Hendrik , Babatain Wedyan , Liao Che‐Hao , Yuvaraja Saravanan , Khandelwal Vishal , Chettri Dhanu , Cao Haicheng , Lu Yi , Wang Chuanju , Anthopoulos Thomas D. , Zhang Xixiang , Li Xiaohang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHigh‐temperature in situ growth of Ga2O3 thin film on flexible substrates for flexible/portable electronic devices is never realized because the conventional polymer substrates cannot meet the thermal‐stability requirements. In the research, for the first time, Ga2O3 thin films are directly grown on SiOx/Al2Ox buffered Hastelloy substrates. With pulsed laser deposition under high temperature, as‐grown Ga2O3 thin films have a fabric texture with a preferred out‐of‐plane orientation along (−201) and a good field‐effect mobility of 18.07 cm2 V−1 s−1. The Ga2O3 coated tape is patterned with transistor arrays and exhibited good performance homogeneity. The representative transistor devices have a threshold voltage of ≈−2.75 V and a breakdown voltage of 116 V measured under a −20 V gate voltage. Moreover, the tape transistors also have good mechanical robustness. The transistors’ good electrical performance, high uniformity, and mechanical robustness suggest that the in situ deposition technique using Hastelloy tape is promising for fabricating various flexible Ga2O3 channeled electronic circuits. Furthermore, it is believed that this technique can be extended to other flexible semiconductor devices that require high‐temperature processing.
Subcellular dynamics of ethylene signaling drive plant plasticity to growth and stress
Authors: Chien Yuan‐Chi , Yoon Gyeong Mee 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVolatile compounds, such as nitric oxide and ethylene gas, play a vital role as signaling molecules in organisms. Ethylene is a plant hormone that regulates a wide range of plant growth, development, and responses to stress and is perceived by a family of ethylene receptors that localize in the endoplasmic reticulum. Constitutive Triple Response 1 (CTR1), a Raf‐like protein kinase and a key negative regulator for ethylene responses, tethers to the ethylene receptors, but undergoes nuclear translocation upon activation of ethylene signaling. This ER‐to‐nucleus trafficking transforms CTR1 into a positive regulator for ethylene responses, significantly enhancing stress resilience to drought and salinity. The nuclear trafficking of CTR1 demonstrates that the spatiotemporal control of ethylene signaling is essential for stress adaptation. Understanding the mechanisms governing the spatiotemporal control of ethylene signaling elements is crucial for unraveling the system‐level regulatory mechanisms that collectively fine‐tune ethylene responses to optimize plant growth, development, and stress adaptation.
Soluble klotho induces the heat shock factor 1 through EGR1 expression
Authors: Kim Soo‐A , Toan Nguyen Khanh , Ahn Sang‐Gun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractKlotho is an antiaging protein that has multiple functions. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether soluble klotho plays a role in cellular stress response pathways. We found that klotho deficiency (kl−/−) largely decreased HSF1 levels and impaired heat shock protein expression. Interestingly, recombinant soluble klotho‐induced HSF1 and HSPs such as HSP90, HSP70, and HSP27 in kl−/− mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Soluble Klotho treatment also induced cell proliferation and HSF1 promoter activity in MEF kl−/− cells in a concentration‐dependent manner. Furthermore, using point mutagenesis, we identified regulatory/binding sites of transcription factors EGR1 regulated by soluble klotho in the HSF1 promoter. Taken together, our findings unravel the molecular basis of klotho and provide molecular evidence supporting a direct interaction between soluble klotho and HSF1‐mediated stress response pathway.
Household income and health‐related quality of life in children receiving treatment for acute myeloid leukemia: Potential impact of selection bias in health equity research
Authors: Newman Haley , Li Yimei , Huang Yuan‐Shung V. , Elgarten Caitlin W. , Myers Regina M. , Ruiz Jenny , Zheng Daniel J. , Leahy Alison Barz , Aftandilian Catherine , Arnold Staci D. , Bona Kira , Gramatges M. Monica , Heneghan Mallorie B. , Maloney Kelly W. , Modi Arunkumar J. , Mody Rajen J. , Morgan Elaine , Rubnitz Jeffrey , Winick Naomi , Wilkes Jennifer J. , Seif Alix E. , Fisher Brian T. , Aplenc Richard , Getz Kelly D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveExamine the influence of household income on health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) among children with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML).DesignSecondary analysis of data prospectively collected from pediatric patients receiving treatment for AML at 14 hospitals across the United States.ExposureHousehold income was self‐reported on a demographic survey. The examined mediators included the acuity of presentation and treatment toxicity.OutcomeCaregiver proxy reported assessment of patient HRQOL from the Peds QL 4.0 survey.ResultChildren with AML (n = 131) and caregivers were prospectively enrolled to complete PedsQL assessments. HRQOL scores were better for patients in the lowest versus highest income category (mean ± SD: 76.0 ± 14 household income <$25,000 vs. 59.9 ± 17 income ≥$75,000; adjusted mean difference: 11.2, 95% CI: 2.2–20.2). Seven percent of enrolled patients presented with high acuity (ICU‐level care in the first 72 h), and 16% had high toxicity (any ICU‐level care); there were no identifiable differences by income, refuting mediating roles in the association between income and HRQOL. Enrolled patients were less likely to be Black/African American (9.9% vs. 22.2%), more likely to be privately insured (50.4% vs. 40.7%), and more likely to have been treated on a clinical trial (26.7% vs. 18.5%) compared to eligible unenrolled patients not enrolled. Evaluations of potential selection bias on the association between income and HRQOL suggested differences in HRQOL may be smaller than observed or even in the opposing direction.ConclusionsWhile primary analyses suggested lower household income was associated with superior HRQOL, differential participation may have biased these results. Future studies should partner with patients/families to identify strategies for equitable participation in clinical research.
Comparison between next‐generation sequencing and multiplex polymerase chain reaction assays for nonsmall‐cell lung cancer molecular diagnosis
Authors: Murakami Shuji , Shinada Kanako , Otsutsumi Yuka , Komine Fumiko , Yuan Yuan , Nakamura Junko , Katakura Seigo , Kondo Tetsuro , Kato Terufumi , Yokose Tomoyuki , Saito Haruhiro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeGenetic mutation detection has become an important step in nonsmall‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment because of the increasing number of drugs that target genomic rearrangements. A multiplex test that can detect multiple gene mutations prior to treatment is thus necessary. Currently, either next‐generation sequencing (NGS)‐based or polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based tests are used. We evaluated the performance of the Oncomine Dx Target Test (ODxTT), an NGS‐based multiplex biomarker panel test, and the AmoyDx Pan Lung Cancer PCR Panel (AmoyDx PLC panel), a real‐time PCR‐based multiplex biomarker panel test.Materials and MethodsPatients with histologically diagnosed NSCLC and a sufficient sample volume to simultaneously perform the AmoyDx PLC panel and ODxTT‐M were included in the study. The success and detection rates of both tests were evaluated.ResultsBiopsies revealed 116 cases of malignancies, 100 of which were NSCLC. Of these, 59 met the inclusion criteria and were eligible for analysis. The success rates were 100% and 98% for AmoyDx PLC panel and ODxTT‐M, respectively. Nine driver mutations were detected in 35.9% and 37.3% of AmoyDx PLC and ODxTT‐M panels, respectively. EGFR mutations were detected in 14% and 12% of samples using the AmoyDx PLC panel and ODxTT‐M, respectively. Of the 58 cases in which both NGS and AmoyDx PLC panels were successful, discordant results were observed in seven cases. These differences were mainly due to different sensitivities of the detection methods used and the gene variants targeted in each test.DiscussionThe AmoyDx PLC panel, a PCR‐based multiplex diagnostic test, exhibits a high success rate. The frequency of the nine genes targeted for treatment detected by the AmoyDx PLC panel was comparable to the frequency of mutations detected by ODxTT‐M. Clinicians should understand and use the AmoyDx PLC panel and ODxTT‐M with respect to their respective performances and limitations.
Trends in the Annual Incidence Rates of Child Sexual Abuse and Child Maltreatment over the Past 25 Years in the United States
Authors: Lucier‐Greer Mallory , Short Kaylee , Wright Emily Marie , O'Neal Catherine Walker 
Published: April 2024

AbstractExperiencing child sexual abuse is associated with increased risk for a range of short‐ and long‐term negative effects. This short report defines and explores the annual incidence rates of child sexual abuse in the United States over 25 years between 1996 and 2021 (the most recent data released) and, comparatively, annual incidence rates of child maltreatment, more generally. A retrospective trend analysis of Child Maltreatment Reports, produced by the Department of Health and Human Services with data from the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System, was conducted to compile and analyse rates of child sexual abuse and child maltreatment over time. In general, the rates of reported child maltreatment and child sexual abuse have declined, on average, since the 1990s. We, then, discuss these trends in connection with research documenting societal and family factors that may have contributed to these declines.
Extraction of Lentinus Edodes Polysaccharides with Ultrasound Enhanced with Deep Eutectic Solvent and Their Structural Characterization and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Zhang Jixian , Zeng Xinglin , Liu Guoyan , Wen Chaoting , Xu Xin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUltrasound extraction (UE) enhanced with deep eutectic solvent (DES) was used to extract Lentinus edodes polysaccharides. Box‐Behnken design (BBD) was applied to investigate the influences of water content (10–90 %), solid‐liquid solvent (1 : 10–1 : 50 g/mL), time (4–12 min), temperature (40–80 °C) and ultrasonic power (100–500 W) on the yield of Lentinus edodes polysaccharides. The optimal extraction conditions were ultrasonic power of 300 W, extraction time of 8 min, water content of 80 %, a solid‐liquid ratio of 1 : 30 g/mL and a temperature of 60 °C, respectively. The highest extraction yield of Lentinus edodes polysaccharide was 10.17 % under optimal conditions. The results of FT‐IR, SEM, and monosaccharide composition confirmed that the extracts possessed the characteristics of polysaccharides. In addition, the polysaccharides obtained with the UE enhanced with DES method exhibited higher antioxidant activities than the polysaccharides extracted with the UE method and HWE method. This extraction method can further expand the production efficiency and structural diversity of Lentinus edodes polysaccharides and meet the supply and demand relationship. It can be foreseen that this method can be applied to the extraction of more active substances.
The Solvation Structure of Localized High Concentration Electrolytes
Authors: van Ekeren Wessel , Hall Aram , Lahtinen Katja , Younesi Reza 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe development of liquid electrolytes receives significant attention within the field of battery research. New concepts are emerging, and one of these groundbreaking ideas is localized high concentration electrolytes (LHCEs). The fundamental characteristic of this type of electrolyte is related to its solvation structure. However, despite the progress made, the solvation process and its relationship towards physicochemical and electrochemical properties are not yet fully understood. A comprehensive understanding of LHCEs and their solvation structure requires further dedicated research and analysis. This concept review offers a thorough examination of the design principles governing LHCEs, elucidates methodologies for investigating solvation structures, connects these insights to interphase chemistry, and explores potential applications in future battery technology.
Regulation Strategies for Fe−N−C and Co−N−C Catalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Qu Ximing , Yan Yani , Zhang Zeling , Tian Benjun , Yin Shuhu , Cheng Xiaoyang , Huang Rui , Jiang Yanxia , Sun Shigang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and alkaline membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) have received great attention as energy devices of the next generation. Accelerating oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics is the key to improve PEMFC and AEMFC performance. Platinum‐based catalysts are the most widely used catalysts for the ORR, but their high price and low abundance limit the commercialization of fuel cells. Non‐noble metal‐nitrogen‐carbon (M−N−C) is considered to be the most likely material class to replace Pt‐based catalysts, among which Fe−N−C and Co−N−C have been widely studied due to their excellent intrinsic ORR performance and have made great progress in the past decades. With the improvement of synthesis technology and a deeper understanding of the ORR mechanism, some reported Fe−N−C and Co−N−C catalysts have shown excellent ORR activity close to that of commercial Pt/C catalysts. Inspired by the progress, regulation strategies for Fe−N−C and Co−N−C catalysts are summarized in this Review from 5 perspectives: (1) coordinated atoms, (2) environmental heteroatoms and defects, (3) dual‐metal active sites, (4) metal‐based particle promoters, and (5) curved carbon layers. We also make suggestions on some challenges facing Fe−N−C and Co−N−C research.
Design of Bright Chemogenetic Reporters Based on the Combined Engineering of Fluorogenic Molecular Rotors and of the HaloTag Protein
Authors: Coïs Justine , Bachollet Sylvestre P. J. T. , Sanchez Louis , Pietrancosta Nicolas , Vialou Vincent , Mallet Jean‐Maurice , Dumat Blaise 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe combination of fluorogenic probes (fluorogens) and self‐labeling protein tags represent a promising tool for imaging biological processes with high specificity but it requires the adequation between the fluorogen and its target to ensure a good activation of its fluorescence. In this work, we report a strategy to develop molecular rotors that specifically target HaloTag with a strong enhancement of their fluorescence. The divergent design facilitates the diversification of the structures to tune the photophysical and cellular properties. Four bright fluorogens with emissions ranging from green to red were identified and applied in wash‐free live cell imaging experiments with good contrast and selectivity. A HaloTag mutant adapted from previous literature reports was also tested and shown to further improve the brightness and reaction rate of the most promising fluorogen of the series both in vitro and in cells. This work opens new possibilities to develop bright chemogenetic reporters with diverse photophysical and biological properties by exploring a potentially large chemical space of simple dipolar fluorophores in combination with protein engineering.
Elucidation of Design Criteria for V‐based Redox Mediators: Structure‐Function Relationships that Dictate Rates of Heterogeneous Electron Transfer
Authors: Dagar Mamta , Brennessel William W. , Matson Ellen M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRedox mediators are attractive solutions for addressing the stringent kinetic stipulations required for efficient energy conversion processes. In this work, we compare the electrochemical properties of four vanadium complexes, namely [V(acac)3], [V6O7(OMe)12], [nBu4N]3[V6O13(TRISNO2)2], and [nBu4N]5[V18O46(NO3)] in non‐aqueous solutions on glassy carbon electrodes. The goal of this study is to investigate the electron transfer kinetics and diffusivity of these compounds under identical experimental conditions to develop an understanding of structure‐function relationships that dictate the physicochemical properties of vanadium oxide assemblies. Complex selection was dictated by two criteria – (1) nuclearity of the transition metal complexes (2) distribution of electron density in the native electronic configuration. Our analyses establish that electronic communication between metal centers significantly impacts charge transfer kinetics of these vanadium‐based compounds.