bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond type 2 asthma biomarkers: risk stratification for NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease
Authors: Pérez-Pazos Jacqueline , García-Sánchez Asunción , Estravís Miguel , Moreno-Jimenez Emma , Morgado Natalia , Gómez-García Manuel , Ramos-González Jacinto , Gil-Melcón María , Martín-García Cristina , Muñoz-Bellido Francisco , Sanz Catalina , Isidoro-García María , Dávila Ignacio 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionType 2 (T2) asthma is often associated with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). Additionally, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) intolerance leads to NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD). Previous transcriptomic data in non-CRSwNP T2 asthma patients showed differentially expressed genes. We focused onALOX15,CLC,CYSLTR2,HRH4andSMPD3to investigate their role in T2 asthma.MethodsThe study included 100 healthy controls and 103 T2 asthma patients, divided into patients with asthma (n=54), patients with asthma and CRSwNP (n=29) and patients with N-ERD (n=20). Quantitative PCR analysis was performed on blood-derived RNA samples first to validate the five differentially expressed genes. The data were further analysed to find potential associations and biomarkers.ResultsPatients, regardless of stratification, exhibited significantly higher gene expression than healthy controls. The patterns of association revealed thatALOX15was exclusively present in the non-comorbidity group,SMPD3andCLCin the comorbidity groups, andHRH4in all patient groups.ALOX15,CYSLTR2andSMPD3expression showed potential as biomarkers to confirm the diagnosis of T2 asthma using peripheral blood eosinophils as the initial criterion. Peripheral blood eosinophils combined with gene expression, especiallySMPD3, may improve the diagnosis.CLCandCYSLTR2expression play a specific role in discriminating N-ERD.DiscussionWe validated the transcriptomic data of five differentially expressed genes in T2 asthma. Different patterns of association were identified in patient stratification, suggesting that different molecular mechanisms underlie the spectrum of T2 asthma. Potential biomarkers were also found and used to design an algorithm with practical diagnostic utility for T2 asthma, including risk stratification for N-ERD.
Maternal use of snus as smokeless tobacco in pregnancy and infant lung function
Authors: Bains Karen Eline Stensby , Kreyberg Ina , Färdig Martin , Granum Berit , Gudmundsdóttir Hrefna K. , Haugen Guttorm , Hedlin Gunilla , Hilde Katarina , Jonassen Christine Monceyron , Nordlund Björn , Rehbinder Eva M. , Rueegg Corina Silvia , Skjerven Håvard O. , Staff Anne Cathrine , Söderhäll Cilla , Vettukattil Riyas , Carlsen Karin C. Lødrup 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundSmoking in pregnancy has detrimental effects on infant respiratory health, while the effects of other nicotine-containing products on infant lung function are unclear. We aimed to explore if smokeless tobacco such as snus used in pregnancy increased the risk of lower lung function in infancy and if the associations differed by sex.MethodsFrom the Scandinavian population-based Preventing Atopic Dermatitis and ALLergies in Children birth cohort, we included 1163 infants with available tidal flow-volume measurements at 3 months of age and maternal self-reported use of nicotine-containing products in pregnancy. The risk of a ratio of time to peak tidal expiratory flow to total expiratory time <25th percentile by any nicotine exposure, snus exclusively and cigarette smoking with or without other nicotine-containing products was explored by regression analyses adjusting for maternal age, education and asthma.ResultsOverall 120 out of 1163 (10.3%) infants were exposed to any nicotinein utero, 71 out of 120 by snus exclusively and 49 out of 120 by smoking, with six also exposed to snus. By pregnancy week 6, 85.8% of mothers reported stopping nicotine use. The risk of lower lung function was higher in children exposedin uteroto nicotine-containing products with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.63 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–2.59) with a similar tendency for snus exclusively (OR 1.55, 95% CI 0.88–2.71) and smoking (OR 1.79, 0.84–3.84). Effect estimates were similar after adjusting for covariates. No differences of the effect by sex were observed.ConclusionOur study suggests thatin uteroexposure to not only cigarettes, but also snus, may negatively affect infant lung function.
Neurofeedback training of executive function in autism spectrum disorder: distinct effects on brain activity levels and compensatory connectivity changes
Authors: Pereira Daniela Jardim , Morais Sofia , Sayal Alexandre , Pereira João , Meneses Sofia , Areias Graça , Direito Bruno , Macedo António , Castelo-Branco Miguel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Deficits in executive function (EF) are consistently reported in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Tailored cognitive training tools, such as neurofeedback, focused on executive function enhancement might have a significant impact on the daily life functioning of individuals with ASD. We report the first real-time fMRI neurofeedback (rt-fMRI NF) study targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in ASD.

Methods
Thirteen individuals with autism without intellectual disability and seventeen neurotypical individuals completed a rt-fMRI working memory NF paradigm, consisting of subvocal backward recitation of self-generated numeric sequences. We performed a region-of-interest analysis of the DLPFC, whole-brain comparisons between groups and, DLPFC-based functional connectivity.

Results
The ASD and control groups were able to modulate DLPFC activity in 84% and 98% of the runs. Activity in the target region was persistently lower in the ASD group, particularly in runs without neurofeedback. Moreover, the ASD group showed lower activity in premotor/motor areas during pre-neurofeedback run than controls, but not in transfer runs, where it was seemingly balanced by higher connectivity between the DLPFC and the motor cortex. Group comparison in the transfer run also showed significant differences in DLPFC-based connectivity between groups, including higher connectivity with areas integrated into the multidemand network (MDN) and the visual cortex.

Conclusions
Neurofeedback seems to induce a higher between-group similarity of the whole-brain activity levels (including the target ROI) which might be promoted by changes in connectivity between the DLPFC and both high and low-level areas, including motor, visual and MDN regions.
Impact of nitrogen fertilizer sustainability on corn crop yield: the role of beneficial microbial inoculation interactions
Authors: Galindo Fernando Shintate , Pagliari Paulo Humberto , da Silva Edson Cabral , de Lima Bruno Horschut , Fernandes Guilherme Carlos , Thiengo Cassio Carlette , Bernardes João Victor Silva , Jalal Arshad , Oliveira Carlos Eduardo Silva , de Sousa Vilela Lucila , Furlani Junior Enes , Nogueira Thiago Assis Rodrigues , do Nascimento Vagner , Teixeira Filho Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto , Lavres José 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Considering the challenges posed by nitrogen (N) pollution and its impact on food security and sustainability, it is crucial to develop management techniques that optimize N fertilization in croplands. Our research intended to explore the potential benefits of co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus subtilis combined with N application rates on corn plants. The study focused on evaluating corn photosynthesis-related parameters, oxidative stress assay, and physiological nutrient use parameters. Focus was placed on the eventual improved capacity of plants to recover N from applied fertilizers (AFR) and enhance N use efficiency (NUE) during photosynthesis. The two-year field trial involved four seed inoculation treatments (control, A. brasilense, B. subtilis, and A. brasilense + B. subtilis) and five N application rates (0 to 240 kg N ha−1, applied as side-dress).

Results
Our results suggested that the combined effects of microbial consortia and adequate N-application rates played a crucial role in N-recovery; enhanced NUE; increased N accumulation, leaf chlorophyll index (LCI), and shoot and root growth; consequently improving corn grain yield. The integration of inoculation and adequate N rates upregulated CO2 uptake and assimilation, transpiration, and water use efficiency, while downregulated oxidative stress.

Conclusions
The results indicated that the optimum N application rate could be reduced from 240 to 175 kg N ha−1 while increasing corn yield by 5.2%. Furthermore, our findings suggest that replacing 240 by 175 kg N ha−1 of N fertilizer (-65 kg N ha−1) with microbial consortia would reduce CO2 emission by 682.5 kg CO2 −e ha−1. Excessive N application, mainly with the presence of beneficial bacteria, can disrupt N-balance in the plant, alter soil and bacteria levels, and ultimately affect plant growth and yield. Hence, highlighting the importance of adequate N management to maximize the benefits of inoculation in agriculture and to counteract N loss from agricultural systems intensification.
Large variations in atrial fibrillation screening practice after ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack in Sweden: a survey study
Authors: Strååt Kajsa , Isaksson Eva , Laska Ann Charlotte , Rooth Elisabeth , Svennberg Emma , Åsberg Signild , Wester Per , Engdahl Johan ,   on behalf of AF SPICE steering committee
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) screening after ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) is given high priority in clinical guidelines. However, patient selection, electrocardiogram (ECG) modality and screening duration remains undecided and current recommendations vary.

Methods
The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical practice of AF screening after ischemic stroke or TIA at Swedish stroke units. In collaboration with the stakeholders of the Swedish Stroke Register (Riksstroke) a digital survey was drafted, then tested and revised by three stroke consultants. The survey consisted of 17 multiple choice/ free text questions and was sent by e-mail to the medical directors at all stroke units in Sweden.

Results
All 72 stroke units in Sweden responded to the survey. Most stroke units reported that ≥ 75% of ischemic stroke (69/72 stroke units) or TIA patients (67/72 stroke units), without previously known AF, were screened for AF. Inpatient telemetry ECG was the method of first-choice in 81% of the units, but 7% reported lack of access. A variety of standard monitoring durations were used for inpatient telemetry ECG. The second most common choice was Holter ECG (17%), also with considerable variations in monitoring duration. Other AF screening modalities were used as a first-choice method (handheld and patch ECG) but less frequently.

Conclusions
Clinical practice for AF screening after ischemic stroke or TIA differed between Swedish stroke units, both in choice of AF screening methods as well as in monitoring durations. There is an urgent need for evidence and evidence-based recommendations in this field.

Trial registration
Not applicable.
The influence of antenatal imaging on prenatal bonding in uncomplicated pregnancies: a mixed methods analysis
Authors: Skelton Emily , Cromb Daniel , Smith Alison , Harrison Gill , Rutherford Mary , Malamateniou Christina , Ayers Susan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Prenatal bonding describes the emotional connection expectant parents form to their unborn child. Research acknowledges the association between antenatal imaging and enhanced bonding, but the influencing factors are not well understood, particularly for fathers or when using advanced techniques like fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study aimed to identify variables which may predict increased bonding after imaging.

Methods
First-time expectant parents (mothers = 58, fathers = 18) completed a two-part questionnaire (QualtricsXM™) about their expectations and experiences of ultrasound (n = 64) or fetal MRI (n = 12) scans in uncomplicated pregnancies. A modified version of the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) was used to measure bonding. Qualitative data were collected through open-ended questions. Multivariate linear regression models were used to identify significant parent and imaging predictors for bonding. Qualitative content analysis of free-text responses was conducted to further understand the predictors’ influences.

Results
Bonding scores were significantly increased after imaging for mothers and fathers (p < 0.05). MRI-parents reported significantly higher bonding than ultrasound-parents (p = 0.02). In the first regression model of parent factors (adjusted R2 = 0.17, F = 2.88, p < 0.01), employment status (β = -0.38, p < 0.05) was a significant predictor for bonding post-imaging. The second model of imaging factors (adjusted R2 = 0.19, F = 3.85, p < 0.01) showed imaging modality (β = -0.53), imaging experience (β = 0.42) and parental excitement after the scan (β = 0.29) were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with increased bonding. Seventeen coded themes were generated from the qualitative content analysis, describing how scans offered reassurance about fetal wellbeing and the opportunity to connect with the baby through quality interactions with imaging professionals. A positive scan experience helped parents to feel excited about parenthood. Fetal MRI was considered a superior modality to ultrasound.

Conclusions
Antenatal imaging provides reassurance of fetal development which affirms parents’ emotional investment in the pregnancy and supports the growing connection. Imaging professionals are uniquely positioned to provide parent-centred experiences which may enhance parental excitement and facilitate bonding.
Patient-centered respectful maternity care: a factor analysis contextualizing marginalized identities, trust, and informed choice
Authors: Glover Annie , Holman Carly , Boise Patrick 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing rates of maternal mortality and morbidity, coupled with ever-widening racial health disparities in maternal health outcomes, indicate that radical improvements need to be made in the delivery of maternity care. This study explored the provision of patient-centered maternity care from the perspective of pregnant and postpartum people; experiences of respect and autonomy were examined through the multi-dimensional contexts of identity, relational trust, and protection of informed choices.MethodsWe conducted primary data collection among individuals who experienced a pregnancy in the five years preceding the survey (N = 484) using the validated Mothers on Respect Index (MORi) and Mothers Autonomy in Decision Making (MADM) scale. We conducted an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) which produced three factor variables: trust, informed choice, and identity. Using these factor variables as dependent variables, we conducted bivariate and multivariate analysis to examine the relationship between these factor variables and social marginalization, as measured by race, disability, justice-involvement, and other social risk factors, such as food and housing insecurity.ResultsResults of our bivariate and multivariate models generally confirmed our hypothesis that increased social marginalization would be associated with decreased experiences of maternity care that was perceived as respectful and protective of individual autonomy. Most notably, AI/AN individuals, individuals who are disabled, and individuals who had at least one social risk factor were more likely to report experiencing identity-related disrespect and violations of their autonomy.ConclusionsIn light of the findings that emphasize the importance of patient identity in their experience in the healthcare system, patient-centered and respectful maternity care must be provided within a broader social context that recognizes unequal power dynamics between patient and provider, historical trauma, and marginalization. Provider- and facility-level interventions that improve patient experiences and health outcomes will be more effective if they are contextualized and informed by an understanding of how patients’ identities and traumas shape their healthcare experience, health-seeking behaviors, and potential to benefit from clinical interventions and therapies.
Brimonidine as a possible treatment for myopia
Authors: Peng Zixuan , Xiang Aiqun , He Hong , Luo Yaqi , Wu Shunliang , Luo Yanting , Yang Junming , Nie Ke , Zhong Xingwu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Myopia is becoming a huge burden on the world’s public health systems. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of brimonidine in the treatment of form-deprivation myopia (FDM) and the relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP) and myopia development.

Methods
Monocular form deprivation myopia (FDM) was induced in three-week-old pigmented male guinea pigs. They were treated with 3 different methods of brimonidine administration (eye drops, and subconjunctival or intravitreal injections). Four different concentrations of brimonidine were tested for each method (2µg/µL, 4µg/µL, 20µg/µL, and 40µg/µL). All treatments continued for a period of 21 days. Tonometry, retinoscopy, and A-scan ultrasonography were used to monitor intraocular pressure, refractive error and axial length (AL), respectively.

Results
Treatment with subconjunctival brimonidine at 40µg/µL, and intravitreal brimonidine at 2µg/µL and 4µg/µL, inhibited the development of FDM. The myopic refraction, excessive axial length, and elevation of IOP were significantly decreased. Brimonidine in eye drops was ineffective.

Conclusion
Brimonidine at appropriate doses significantly reduced the development of FD myopia in guinea pigs. The IOP may change with FD myopia.
The role of peer social relationships in psychological distress and quality of life among adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a longitudinal study
Authors: Luo Dan , Cai Xue , Wang Hong , Wang Yubing , Xu Jingjing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus suffer from diabetes distress and poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL) since living with the condition that differentiates them from their peers. The present study investigated the effects of peer support and stress on diabetes distress and HRQOL and whether positive coping mediated the effects.

Methods
We used a prospective study design. A total of 201 adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus from 20 cities in 4 provinces were recruited.Participants complete two separate surveys at approximately 18-month intervals. The scales employed at both Time 1 and Time 2 included the Diabetes-Specific Peer Support Measure, Diabetes Stress Questionnaire for Youths, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, 5-item Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale, and the Diabetes Quality of Life for Youth scale.

Results
Baseline peer stress directly predicted diabetes distress and HRQOL at 18 months, even controlling for age, gender, and peer support. However, the direct effect of baseline peer support on 18-month diabetes distress and HRQOL was insignificant. Baseline peer support indirectly affected diabetes distress and HRQOL at 18 months through positive coping, indicating that positive coping plays a mediating role.

Conclusion
The findings suggest that peer social relationships, especially peer stress, and positive coping are promising intervention targets for adolescents facing challenges in psychosocial adaptation.
Differential diagnosis of cemento-osseous dysplasia and periapical cyst using texture analysis of CBCT
Authors: Park Sanghee , Jeon Su-Jin , Yeom Han-Gyeol , Seo Min-Seock 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Radiolucencies found at the root apex in patients with cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) may be mistaken for periapical cysts (PC) of endodontic origin. The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of quantitative texture analysis using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to differentiate between COD and PC.

Methods
Patients who underwent CBCT at Wonkwang University Daejeon Dental Hospital between January 2019 and December 2022 and were diagnosed with COD and PC by clinical, radiologic, and, if necessary, histopathologic examination were included. Twenty-five patients each were retrospectively enrolled in the COD and PC group. All lesions observed on axial CBCT images were manually segmented using the open-access software MaZda version 4.6 to establish the regions of interest, which were then subjected to texture analysis. Among the 279 texture features obtained, 10 texture features with the highest Fisher coefficients were selected. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test, Welch’s t-test, or Student’s t-test. Texture features that showed significant differences were subjected to receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate the differential diagnostic ability of COD and PC.

Results
The COD group consisted of 22 men and 3 women, while the PC group consisted of 14 men and 11 women, showing a significant difference between the two groups in terms of sex (p=0.003). The 10 selected texture features belonged to the gray level co-occurrence matrix and included the sum of average, sum of entropy, entropy, and difference of entropy. All 10 selected texture features showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) when comparing patients with COD (n=25) versus those with PC (n=25), osteolytic-stage COD (n=11) versus PC (n=25), and osteolytic-stage COD (n=11) versus cementoblastic-stage COD (n=14). ROC curve analysis to determine the ability to differentiate between COD and PC showed a high area under the curve ranging from 0.96 to 0.98.

Conclusion
Texture analysis of CBCT images has shown good diagnostic value in the differential diagnosis of COD and PC, which can help prevent unnecessary endodontic treatment, invasive biopsy, or surgical intervention associated with increased risk of infection.