bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteome analysis of multidrug resistance in vincristine‐resistant human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901/VCR
Authors: Yang Yi‐Xuan , Xiao Zhi‐Qiang , Chen Zhu‐Chu , Zhang Gui‐Ying , Yi Hong , Zhang Peng‐Fei , li Jian‐Ling , Zhu Guo 
Published: March 2006

AbstractIn order to elucidate the mechanisms of multidrug resistance (MDR) of vincristine‐resistant human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC7901/VCR, 2‐DE was used to separate the total proteins of SGC7901/VCR and its parental cell line SGC7901. PDQuest software was applied to analyze 2‐DE images, and the differential protein spots were identified by both MALDI‐TOF‐MS and ESI‐Q‐TOF‐MS. Then the differential expressional levels of partially identified proteins were determined by Western blot analysis and real‐time RT‐PCR. Furthermore, the association of heat shock protein (HSP27), one of the highly expressed proteins in sgc7901/vcr, with MDR was analyzed using antisense inhibition of HSP27. In this study, the well‐resolved, reproducible 2‐DE patterns of SGC7901/VCR and SGC7901 were established, and yielded about 1100 protein‐spots each. All the 24 differential proteins between the two cell lines were identified, and the differential expression levels of the partial proteins were confirmed. The suppression of HSP27 expression by HSP27 antisense oligonucleotides could enhance vincristine chemosensitivity in sgc7901/vcr and induce the cells to exhibit apoptotic morphological features after vincristine treatment. The differentially expressed proteins could be divided into six groups based on their functions: calcium‐binding proteins, chaperones, proteins involved in drug detoxification or repair of DNA damage, metabolic enzymes, proteins related to cellular structure, and proteins relative to signal transduction, some of which may contribute to MDR of human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC7901/VCR. These data will be valuable for further study of the mechanisms of MDR in human gastric cancer.
Ligand profiling and identification technology for searching bioactive ligands
Authors: Baek Moon‐Chang , Kim Sun‐Jin , Yea Kyungmoo , Kim Youndong , Lee Byung‐Dae , Kim Jaeyoon , Lee Hae‐Jeong , Kang Mee‐Hee , Choi Sun‐Kyu , Kim Jong‐In , Lee Taehoon G. , Suh Pann‐Ghill , Ryu Sung Ho 
Published: March 2006

AbstractWe introduce a new methodology named ligand profiling and identification for effective discovery of bioactive ligands such as peptide hormones. This technology was developed from a new concept of parallel column chromatography and active fraction profiling by nano‐LC MS. Traditional methods use sequential column chromatography, and thus are inevitably limited by the low abundance of the peptide of interest and by a low yield due to the many column steps. Using this new technology, insulin was successfully identified and diarginylinsulin, a minor intermediate form of insulin, was unexpectedly also identified simultaneously from 100 mg of porcine pancreatic tissue. This integrative technology could be used to search for various low‐abundance peptides (or bioactive molecules) rapidly and simultaneously, by applying this to the later stages of traditional sequential purification.
The HUPO Brain Proteome Project Jamboree: Centralised summary of the pilot studies
Authors: Hamacher Michael , Stephan Christian , Blüggel Martin , Chamrad Daniel , Körting Gerhard , Martens Lennart , Müller Michael , Hermjakob Henning , Parkinson David , Dowsey Andrew , Reidegeld Kai A. , Marcus Katrin , Dunn Michael J. , Meyer Helmut E. , Apweiler Rolf 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe Bioinformatics Committee of the HUPO Brain Proteome Project (HUPO BPP) meets regularly to execute the post‐lab analyses of the data produced in the HUPO BPP pilot studies. On January 9–11, 2006 the members as well as invited analysts came together at the European Bioinformatics Institute in Hinxton, UK for the pilot studies jamboree. The results of the reprocessing were presented and tasks forces were initiated to compile, to interpret and to summarise the data obtained.
Effect of the dynamic absorptance of a metallic target surface on pulsed laser ablation
Authors: Li Li , Zhang Duanming , Li Zhihua , Guan Li , Tan Xinyu , Liu Dan , Fang Ranran 
Published: March 2006

AbstractA theoretical model of pulsed laser ablation (PLA) considering the dynamic absorptance of a target surface is proposed. First, the expression for the dynamic absorptance as a function of irradiation time and incident laser intensity is derived. The incident laser intensity is assumed to be expressed by a Gauss function, which more closely approaches the actual case. The heat conduction equation considering the dynamic absorptance and the Gaussian distribution of laser intensity is then set up. Using tungsten as an example, the evolution of the absorptance with irradiation time and intensity before melting and after melting is numerically simulated, as well as the evolution of temperature with time. In addition, the evolution of melt depth with time is given. The effects of the dynamic absorptance on PLA are investigated in detail, especially for the evolution of temperature with time for the melt layer. Results show the dynamic absorptance affects the simulated results markedly, and its effects on the target temperature after melting become stronger than those before melting. A comparison of the calculated results with experimental data shows that the dynamic absorptance plays an important role during PLA. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effect of chitosan coating and vacuum packaging on the quality of refrigerated grilled pork
Authors: Yingyuad Songchai , Ruamsin Sompoch , Reekprkhon Dhaweerat , Douglas Supaporn , Pongamphai Suwassa , Siripatrawan Ubonrat 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe effects of chitosan coating and vacuum packaging on the quality and shelf‐life of retail packaged grilled pork in a PVDC/nylon pouch during refrigerated storage at 2 ± 1°C were investigated. Grilled pork without chitosan coating and packaged in 100% air was used as the control sample. Firmness, pH, colour, peroxide values, microbial population and shelf‐life (as determined by sensory characteristics) of the samples were determined during the storage. The results showed that colour, peroxide values and microbial population coincided with sensory characteristics. The delayed growth of microbes in vacuum packaging can be attributed to inhibition by low levels of O2. Chitosan coating was shown to minimize oxidation, as reflected by the peroxide values, colour changes and microbial counts of the samples. Vacuum‐packaged chitosan‐coated grilled pork showed negligible microbial growth and was found to be organoleptically acceptable throughout the storage period. Chitosan coating along with vacuum packaging provided a type of active packaging to maintain quality and extend the shelf‐life of grilled pork. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CNS Permeability of Drugs Predicted by a Decision Tree
Authors: Andres Claudia , Hutter Michael C. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractTo predict the ability of drug‐like molecules to penetrate the Central Nervous System (CNS), a decision tree was generated. This algorithm was designed to make a straight forward yes/no decision about the permeability of the blood‐brain barrier for a given substance, based on the numerical criteria of a large variety of molecular descriptors. The decision tree achieved a prediction accuracy of 96% for the 186 compounds of the training set and 84% for the test set comprising 38 molecules. We found that CNS+drugs are predicted with a higher accuracy (>94%) than CNS‐ substances (>89%).
Utilization of nanoscale zero‐valent iron for source remediation—A case study
Authors: Henn Keith W. , Waddill Dan W. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractA pilot‐scale study was performed using a palladium‐catalyzed and polymer‐coated nanoscale zero‐valent iron (ZVI) particle suspension at the Naval Air Station in Jacksonville, Florida. A total of 300 pounds of nanoscale ZVI particle suspension was injected via a gravity feed and recirculated through a source area containing chlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The recirculation created favorable mixing and distribution of the iron suspension and enhanced the mass transfer of sorbed and nonaqueous constituents into the aqueous phase, where the contaminants could be reduced. Between 65 and 99 percent aqueous‐phase VOC concentration reduction occurred, due to abiotic degradation, within five weeks of the injection. The rapid abiotic degradation processes then yielded to slower biological degradation as subsequent decreases in ‐elimination parameters were observed—yet favorable redox conditions were maintained as a result of the ZVI treatment. Post‐treatment analyses revealed cumulative reduction of soil contaminant concentrations between 8 and 92 percent. Aqueous‐phase VOC concentrations in wells side gradient and downgradient of the source were reduced up to 99 percent and were near or below applicable regulatory criteria. These reductions, coupled with the generation of innocuous by‐products, indicate that nanoscale ZVI effectively degraded contamination and reduced the mass flux from the source, a critical metric identified for source treatment.
A summary of this project was recently presented at the US EPA Workshop on Nanotechnology for Site Remediation in Washington, D.C., on October 21–22, 2005. This case study supplied evidence that nanoscale zero valent iron, an emerging remediation technology, has been implemented successfully in the field. More information about this workshop and this presentation can be found at www.frtr.gov/nano/index.htm. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Remediation of acid mine drainage leachate by a physicochemical and biological treatment‐train approach
Authors: Ngwenya Elvis G. , Walsh Maud , Metosh‐Dickey Caroline A. , Portier Ralph J. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBiological and physicochemical approaches were utilized in a treatment train for acid mine dis charge (AMD) waters. Anaerobic bioreactors, chemical precipitation reactors, and biopolymer chelation reactors, operated in static, semicontinuous, and continuous flow modes, removed significant quantities of metals and sulfates associated with AMD water. Static tests indicated accept able copper removal via precipitation by generation of hydrogen sulfide in anaerobic reactors. However, low pH affected the biopolymer coating in the chelation reactor, resulting in loss of bed surface. Corrections of AMD to pH > 7 resulted in some metal precipitationprior to biopolymer treatment. A series of static semicontinuous tests at pH 5.0 provided improved metal and sulfate removal. Copper (Cu+) was reduced to trace concentrations, while manganese (Mn+), although reduced, proved to be the most recalcitrant of the metals. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Field performance of a fan‐driven spray evaporator
Authors: Flach Gregory P. , Sappington Frank C. , Dixon Kenneth L. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractAn emerging evaporation technology uses a powerful axial fan and high‐pressure spray nozzles to propel a fine mist into the atmosphere at high air and water flow rates. Commercial units have been deployed at several locations in North America and worldwide since the mid‐1990s, typically in arid or semiarid climates. A commercial spray evaporator was field tested at the U.S. Department of Energy's Savannah River Site in South Carolina to develop quantitative performance data under relatively humid conditions. A semiempirical correlation was developed from eight tests from March through August 2003. For a spray rate of 250 L/min (66 gpm) and continuous year‐round operation at the Savannah River Site, the predicted average evaporation rate is 48 L/min (13 gpm). © 2006 Washington Savannah River Company
Non‐parametric inference of adverse events under informative censoring
Authors: Nishikawa Masako , Tango Toshiro , Ogawa Makiko 
Published: March 2006

AbstractIn long‐term treatments or in treatments associated with frequent severe adverse events (AEs) such as those for oncology, it is important to know the probability of occurrence of AEs over time and their severity. However, some patients discontinue treatment and drop out of the clinical trial. Assumption that the drop‐outs are non‐informative is not always true and are not validated by data.We propose a method of applying competing risk analysis by defining events of ‘occurrence of AE’ and ‘drop‐out prior to AE’. We focus on one AE at a time. We distinguish obvious non‐informative censoring from other censorings that may not be non‐informative. Therefore, our approach does not need an independent assumption for drop‐outs. The cumulative incidence function estimator (CIFE) for the AE by severity can be obtained by treating the degree of severity as a competing risk within the AE. We also propose a non‐parametric estimator of CIF for sequential occurrence of the same AE by forming a subset of subjects with prior occurrence(s) of the same AE and by applying Wang and Wells' estimator. We give a very simple formulation of the cumulative joint incidence function estimator (CJIFE) for subjects who drop out of the clinical trial after having suffered from the AE at least one time. We evaluate the performance of Pepe's variance estimator for CJIFE with small samples by simulations. We find that it works well with a sample size more than 100. A useful graphical presentation for CIFEs and CJIFE is shown. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimating the response rate in the presence of measurement error
Authors: Qu Yongming , Kulkarni Pandurang M. , Sanger Todd M. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractIn clinical research, it is often of interest to estimate the response rate (i.e. the proportion of subjects who achieve a clinically meaningful threshold) for a particular variable. The standard estimator of the response rate is generally biased in the presence of measurement error. The estimation accounting for the measurement error utilizing fully nonparametric (NP) methods is complicated and may not be efficient. Therefore, we propose a model‐based approach assuming a parametric model for the true value and only the first few moments for the measurement error. The estimator for the true response rate and the variance for the estimator are derived. An innovative method using bootstrap simulation is proposed to check the model assumption. Simulations show that the proposed estimator outperforms a fully NP estimator if the model assumption for X holds. This method is applied to address a commonly occurring question in osteoporosis regarding response to treatment in terms of longitudinal changes in bone mineral density (BMD). Bootstrap simulations showed that the model utilized is appropriate. The proposed method can also be applied in other fields of clinical research. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Revisiting the relation between change and initial value: a review and evaluation
Authors: Tu Yu‐Kang , Gilthorpe Mark S. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe relation between initial disease status and subsequent change following treatment has attracted great interest in clinical research. However, statisticians have repeatedly warned against correlating/regressing change with baseline due to two methodological concerns known as mathematical coupling and regression to the mean. Oldham's method and Blomqvist's formula are the two most often adopted methods to rectify these problems. The aims of this article are to review briefly the proposed solutions in the statistical and psychological literature, and to clarify the popular misconception that Blomqvist's formula is superior to Oldham's method. We argue that this misconception is due to a failure to recognize that the heterogeneity of individual responses to treatment is a source of regression to the mean in the analysis of the relation between change and initial value. Furthermore, we demonstrate how each method actually answers different research questions, and how confusion arises when this is not always understood. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thymosin β4 and AcSDKP inhibit the proliferation of HL‐60 cells and induce their differentiation and apoptosis
Authors: Huang Wei Qi , Wang Bao He , Wang Qi Ru 
Published: March 2006

AbstractOur previous works have shown that bone marrow stromal cells secrete thymosin β4 (Tβ4) and AcSDKP. Tβ4 and AcSDKP are existed in the conditioned medium of bone marrow endothelial cells. They exerted inhibitory effects on hematopoietic cells and then had protective effect on the early hematopoietic cells, which were cultured in the presence of hematopoietic stimulators.Thymosin β4 consists of 43 peptides with a molecular weight of 4963. It contains at its N‐terminal end the sequence of the acetylated tetrapeptide Ac‐N‐Ser‐Asp‐Lys‐Pro (AcSDKP). This study was performed to evaluate the effect of Tβ4 and AcSDKP on the growth of HL‐60 cells. It was showed that Tβ4 (10−11–10−7 mol/L) and AcSDKP (10−11–10−7 mol/L) had the dose‐dependent inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HL‐60 cells. Based on cell morphology and NBT reduction, Tβ4 and AcSDKP induced differentiation of HL‐60 cells. Morphologic and DNA fragment analysis proved that Tβ4 and AcSDKP induced apoptosis of HL‐60 cells. In order to analyze the mechanism of the effects of Tβ4 and AcSDKP, intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) of HL‐60 leukemic cells was tested and Atlas cDNA Expression Array was performed. The results showed that Tβ4 and AcSDKP could increased [Ca2+]i by stimulating the release of Ca2+ from intracellular Ca2+ pool. Moreover, AcSDKP could also elicit a potent extracelluar calcium influx in HL‐60 cells. Tβ4 could also change apoptotic‐related gene expression in leukemic cells, and resulted in the inhibition of proliferation and induction of differentiation and apoptosis of leukemic cells.
Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in blood and tissue of malignant breast tumor and benign breast disease
Authors: Gönenç Aymelek , Erten Derya , Aslan Sabahattin , Akıncı Melih , Şimşek Bolkan , Torun Meral 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChanges in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrate and nitrite (as an index of nitric oxide production), lipid hydroperoxide (LOH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipids (total cholesterol and triglycerides) and lipoproteins (HDL‐ and LDL‐cholesterol) were estimated in breast cancer patients (n = 15) and benign breast disease (n = 15). Serum and tissue MDA levels were found to be decreased in breast cancer patients compared to the benign group (p < 0.05). In contrast, nitrate and nitrite levels were increased in serum and tissue of the cancer group compared to benign breast disease patients (p < 0.05). Compared to the benign group, tissue TAC levels were elevated in the breast cancer patient group (p < 0.05). Total cholesterol and HDL‐cholesterol were elevated in the benign group compared with cancer patients (p < 0.05). These findings support the hypothesis that lipid peroxidation in serum and tissue of benign breast disease is greater than in breast cancer. However, the enhanced levels of nitric oxide may be in response to inflammation in patients with breast cancer. Total antioxidant status is lower in benign tissue than in cancerous tissue, probably to compensate for this elevated free radical production.
Src homology 2 domain of overexpressed Lyn kinase is responsible for the acceleration of granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor‐induced neutrophilic nuclear lobulation
Authors: Oka Naomi , Suzuki Akiko , Omura Tomomi , Sakai Hiroshi , Murakami Hiroshi 
Published: March 2006

AbstractWe have previously shown that the overexpression of a Src family kinase, Lyn, and its kinase‐negative form, LynKN, in a granulocyte progenitor cell line, GM‐I62M, accelerates neutrophilic nuclear lobulation when the cells are cultured in the presence of granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor. In this study, we investigated the role of the Src homology 2 (SH2) and SH3 domains of Lyn in the accelerated induction of nuclear lobulation. In contrast to wild‐type Lyn, the overexpression of its SH2 domain mutant did not induce the accelerated nuclear morphological changes, but the overexpressed SH3 domain mutant had the same effects as wild‐type Lyn. Therefore, the SH2 domain of Lyn is responsible for the accelerated induction of neutrophilic nuclear lobulation upon G‐CSF stimulation.
Decrease in plasma B‐type natriuretic peptide early after initiation of cardiac resynchronization therapy predicts clinical improvement at 12 months
Authors: Kubánek Miloš , Málek Ivan , Bytešník Jan , Frídl Petr , Riedlbauchová Lucie , Karasová Ludmila , Lánská Véra , Kautzner Josef 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBackgroundDecrease in neurohormonal activation during pharmacotherapy for chronic heart failure (CHF) is associated with haemodynamic and clinical improvement. We tested the hypothesis that changes in neurohormonal activation after initiation of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) predict its long‐term clinical effect.MethodsThe study group included 43 patients with CHF (37 males, mean age 62±9 years, NYHA class 3.2±0.4, QRS duration 195±24 ms) who underwent successful implantation of a CRT system. Pharmacotherapy remained stable during the first 3 months of follow‐up. Plasma levels of B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and big endothelin‐1 (big ET‐1) were evaluated before and 3 months after implantation. Clinical, echocardiographic and exercise parameters were monitored for a mean period of 25.8±6.7 months.ResultsAt 12 months of follow‐up 13 non‐responders were identified (no improvement in NYHA class (n=10), urgent heart transplantation (n=2) and death due to progressive heart failure (n=1)). CRT resulted in a significant reduction in neurohormone levels (BNP 345.4±346 vs. 267.7±320.8 pg/ml, p<0.01, big ET‐1 3.11±1.50 vs. 2.50±1.56 fmol/ml p<0.05), especially in responders. Percentage change in BNP level was a stronger predictor of long‐term clinical improvement than clinical, echocardiographic and exercise parameters at 3 months of follow‐up.ConclusionsPercentage change in plasma BNP levels from baseline to 3 months was the strongest predictor of long‐term response to CRT and may have potential to predict outcome.
Thalidomide attenuates the development of fibrosis during post‐infarction myocardial remodelling in rats
Authors: Yndestad Arne , Vinge Leif Erik , Bjørnerheim Reidar , Ueland Thor , Wang Jacob E. , Frøland Stig S. , Attramadal Håvard , Aukrust Pål , Øie Erik 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBackgroundInflammation plays a pathogenic role in the development of heart failure (HF). The aim of this study was to examine the effect of treatment with the immunomodulating drug thalidomide in a rat model for post‐myocardial infarction (MI) HF.MethodsRats were subjected to MI by left coronary artery ligation or sham‐operated. Seven days after surgical intervention rats were randomised to treatment with thalidomide or vehicle for 8 weeks.ResultsOur main findings were: (i) thalidomide treatment did not affect cardiac function or the hypertrophic response, as determined by haemodynamic measurements and heart chamber weights, respectively. (ii) HF rats treated with thalidomide had a minor reduction in septum and relative wall thickness (p<0.05), indicating an anti‐remodelling effect. (iii) Thalidomide appeared to have immunostimulatory effects on the myocardium as evident by increased MIP‐1α gene expression (p<0.05). (iv) Treating HF rats with thalidomide reduced myocardial collagen content, as assessed by markedly decreased levels of hydroxyproline (~ 40% reduction; p<0.05), accompanied by lower TGF‐β1 gene expression (p<0.05).ConclusionAlthough thalidomide had no effect on cardiac function, our results suggest that intervention with thalidomide may have beneficial effects in post‐MI HF by attenuating collagen accumulation and development of myocardial fibrosis.