bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of distributions of survivin among tissues from urinary bladders of dogs with cystitis, transitional cell carcinoma, or histologically normal urinary bladders
Authors: Rankin Wendi Velando , Henry Carolyn J. , Turnquist Susan E. , Turk James R. , Beissenherz Marilyn E. , Tyler Jeffrey W. , Green Jonathan A. 
Published: August 2008

Abstract
Objective—To compare distributions of survivin among tissues from urinary bladders of dogs with cystitis, transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), or histologically normal urinary bladders.
Sample Population—24 archived and 7 fresh-frozen specimens of urinary bladders from dogs with cystitis.
Procedures—Immunohistochemical analysis of archived tissue specimens was performed to identify survivin protein in the nucleus and cytoplasm of cells by use of polyclonal rabbit anti-survivin antibody. Tissues that contained ≥ 5% immunoreactive cells were considered positive for survivin protein. Reverse-transcription PCR analysis was performed on fresh-frozen tissues to identify survivin mRNA. Data on tissues from dogs with TCC or histologically normal urinary bladders that were obtained during another study were used for statistical comparisons.
Results—Twelve of 24 (50%) cystitic tissues were positive for nuclear survivin, compared with 28 of 41 (68%) TCC tissues and 0 of 46 (0%) normal tissues. Two of 24 (8%) cystitic tissues were positive for cytoplasmic survivin, compared with 7 of 41 (17%) TCC tissues and 17 of 46 (37%) normal tissues. Proportions of specimens that contained nuclear or cytoplasmic survivin were significantly different between cystitic and normal tissues but not between cystitic and TCC tissues. Four of 7 cystitic tissues were positive for survivin mRNA, which was comparable with results for TCC and normal tissues.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Nuclear survivin was detected in TCC and cystitic tissues but not in normal urinary bladder tissues. Additional studies are needed to determine whether nuclear survivin contributes to the development or progression of TCC.
Effects of epidurally administered morphine or buprenorphine on the thermal threshold in cats
Authors: Pypendop Bruno H. , Siao Kristine T. , Pascoe Peter J. , Ilkiw Jan E. 
Published: August 2008

Abstract
Objective—To determine the antinociceptive effects of epidural administration of morphine or buprenorphine in cats by use of a thermal threshold model.
Animals—6 healthy adult cats.
Procedures—Baseline thermal threshold was determined in duplicate. Cats were anesthetized with isoflurane in oxygen. Morphine (100 μg/kg diluted with saline [0.9% NaCl] solution to a total volume of 0.3 mL/kg), buprenorphine (12.5 μg/kg diluted with saline solution to a total volume of 0.3 mL/kg), or saline solution (0.3 mL/kg) was administered into the epidural space according to a Latin square design. Thermal threshold was determined at various times up to 24 hours after epidural injection.
Results—Epidural administration of saline solution did not affect thermal threshold. Thermal threshold was significantly higher after epidural administration of morphine and buprenorphine, compared with the effect of saline solution, from 1 to 16 hours and 1 to 10 hours, respectively. Maximum (cutout) temperature was reached without the cat reacting in 0, 74, and 11 occasions in the saline solution, morphine, and buprenorphine groups, respectively.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Epidural administration of morphine and buprenorphine induced thermal antinociception in cats. At the doses used in this study, the effect of morphine lasted longer and was more intense than that of buprenorphine.
Teratological forms of diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) as indicators of water pollution in the western part of Puck Bay (southern Baltic Sea)
Authors: Dziengo-Czaja Monika , Koss Justyna , Matuszak Agnieszka 
Published: August 2008

Abstract
Studies of benthic diatom communities in the surface sediments of the Swarzewo area of Puck Bay were carried out during 1998 and 1999 in order to assess water quality, and in particular the organic load. Among the 192 taxa identified, teratological forms of diatoms were recorded in 17 diatom species, primarily in the species Opephora mutabilis, Planothidium delicatulum and Fragilaria fasciculata. The number of teratological forms was significantly higher in sediments rich in organic matter, which had concurrent high concentrations of phosphorus and nitrite nitrogen compounds. The highest teratological diatom abundances were recorded in α- mesosaprobic conditions, especially during spring and summer. It is postulated that teratological diatom valves are indicative of poor water quality.
The role of air masses on iron concentrations in wet atmospheric deposition over the urbanized coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk
Authors: Falkowska Lucyna , Lewandowska Anita , Sikorowicz Gabriela , Bełdowska Magdalena , Madeja Jolanta 
Published: August 2008

Abstract
This paper describes the role of air masses in transporting iron to the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdansk. Fe(II) concentrations in rainfall were measured between 19th January and 30th November 2005 in Gdynia, during which time they varied from 0.74 μmol dm-3 to 97.45 μmol dm-3. The relationship between iron concentrations and precipitation amount, including during preceding rainless periods, was calculated. The effectiveness of washing iron out of the atmosphere is described by the exponential function of precipitation duration.
Air masses arriving from west of the area transport terrigenous iron to the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk, while anthropogenic sources in Western Europe and Pomerania hardly affected the iron concentrations.
Relationships between the occurrence of Chaetogammarus ischnus (Stebbing, 1898) and Pontogammarus robustoides (G. O. Sars, 1894) (Crustacea, Amphipoda) in a lowland Polish dam reservoir
Authors: Żytkowicz Jarosław , Kobak Jarosław 
Published: August 2008

Abstract
Populations of Chaetogammarus ischnus and Pontogammarus robustoides living in the middle part of the Włocławek Dam Reservoir (on the lower Vistula River, central Poland) were studied. The two species coexisted at offshore sites of the reservoir, with P. robustoides being much more abundant than C. ischnus. In samples collected from the bare bottom of the reservoir (sandy or covered by zebra mussel shells) and macrophytes a negative relationship between the two species was observed: C. ischnus occurred in high numbers in those samples in which abundance of P. robustoides was low. This phenomenon is postulated as resulting from the larger size and more predatory nature of P. robustoides, limiting the occurrence of C. ischnus.
The Role of Glutathione S-Transferases in Urinary Tract Tumors
Authors: Simić Tatjana , Savić-Radojević Ana , Plješa-Ercegovac Marija , Matić Marija , Sašić Tatjana , Dragičević Dejan , Mimić-Oka Jasmina 
Published: August 2008

The Role of Glutathione S-Transferases in Urinary Tract Tumors
Exposure to potential carcinogens is among the etiological factors for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder. RCC is very resistant, while TCC exhibits a high recurrence rate and multifocality. Cytosolic glutathione S-transferases (GST) are a superfamily of enzymes which protect normal cells by catalyzing conjugation reactions between electrophylic compounds, including carcinogens, and glutathione. Some GST enzymes posses hydroperoxidase activity. The most well characterized classes have been named Alpha (GSTA), Mu (GSTM), Pi (GSTP) and Theta (GSTT) and each of these classes contains several different isoenzymes. Several types of allelic variation have been identified within classes, among which GSTM1-null and GSTT1-null confer impaired catalytic activity. Individuals with the GSTM1-null genotype carry a substantially higher risk for bladder carcinogenesis. The effects of glutathione S-transferase T1 polymorphism on the increased susceptibility to RCC and TCC of urinary bladder depend on the presence of specific chemical exposures to compounds metabolized via the GSTT1-1 pathway. In the process of kidney cancerisation expression of GST alpha isoenzymes tends to decrease, consequently favoring a prooxidant environment necessary for the growth of RCC. GST pi enzyme activities are generally retained in RCC and might contribute to the chemotherapy resistance of RCC. In the malignant phenotype of TCC of the urinary bladder up regulation of various GST classes occurs. Up regulation of GSTT1-1 and GSTP1-1 might have important consequences on the tumor growth, by providing a reduced environment and inhibition of apoptotic pathways.
Functional Foods and Their Role in the Improvement of Health Status
Authors: Miletić Ivanka , Šobajić Slađana , Đorđević Brižita 
Published: August 2008

Funkcionalna Hrana - Uloga U Unapređenju Zdravlja
Funkcionalna hrana je hrana koja ima povoljan uticaj na ljudsko zdravlje mimo uobičajenih nutritivnih funkcija. Biološki aktivna jedinjenja su nosioci povoljnog dejstva funkcionalne hrane. Brojni naučni dokazi govore u prilog tome da je ishrana bogata pojedinim namirnicama (kao što su to na primer voće i povrće) direktno u vezi sa smanjenim rizikom od hroničnih, nezaraznih bolesti, tako da se na tim saznanjima razvio koncept funkcionalne hrane. Otkrivaju se funkcionalne osobine tradicionalnih namirnica, ali se dizajniraju i nove funkcionalne namirnice. Uobičajene izjave koje prate tu vrstu namirnica mogu se svrstati u dve kategorije: (1) izjave o odnosu strukture i funkcije (engl. Structure and function claims) moraju da budu istinite i da ne dovode u zabludu potrošača. Te izjave ne moraju da budu odobrene od strane FDA; (2) zdravstvene izjave (engl. Health claims ili disease-specific claims) moraju da budu autorizovane od strane FDA i da poseduju značajnu naučnu potvrdu (Hillovi kriterijumi). Neophodno je rangiranje dokaza različitih tipova studija koje podržavaju zdravstvenu izjavu. Veliki broj biološki aktivnih jedinjenja su nestabilna tokom tretmana i čuvanja. Ona podležu mnogobrojnim hemijskim reakcijama, kao što su to oksidacija, hidroliza, termička degradacija i Maillardova reakcija, što rezultira smanjenjem bioiskoristljivosti. Povoljan efekat biološki aktivnih jedinjenja direktno zavisi od primenjenog tretmana.
Search for optimum geometry of selected steel sandwich panel joints
Authors: Niklas Karol 
Published: August 2008

Search for optimum geometry of selected steel sandwich panel joints
Application of steel sandwich panels to ship structures requires many problems to be solved. Joints between the panels as well as those between the panels and other structures is one of the more difficult problems associated with the structures in question. This paper presents the searching for process of optimum geometry of a panel-to-panel joint of longitudinal arrangement, performed by means of the ANSYS software. A configuration was searched for of parameters which can ensure as-low-as possible values of geometrical stress concentration coefficients at acceptable mass and deformations of the structure. Analysis of the obtained results made it possible to propose the optimum geometry of the considered joint.
A discrete model of the plate heat exchanger
Authors: Mielewczyk Andrzej 
Published: August 2008

A discrete model of the plate heat exchanger
Developing numerical control methods requires precise models of technical machines. The article presents a discrete model of a plate heat exchanger. The model was worked out based on differential equations to secure high accuracy. Correctness of the model was verified using the data for the M10 - MFM cooler produced by Alfa-Laval.
Production of organic fertilizer from poultry feather wastes excluding the composting process
Authors: Tronina Przemysław , Bubel Fabiola 
Published: August 2008

Production of organic fertilizer from poultry feather wastes excluding the composting process
Chicken feathers generated in large quantities by the poultry industry are hazardous for the natural environment because of their poor digestibility and their potential as a source of microbiological pathogens. Currently, the main method of feather waste management is the production of feather meal by steam pressure cooking. This technology requires a high energy input. The high costs of hydrothermal degradation of these wastes are conducive to finding other alternative possibilities of poultry wastes management. This paper describes the feather-utilization method with calcium oxide treatment in a rotational reactor, which leads to the production of organic-mineral fertilizers. The effectiveness of this method has been tested in chemical and microbiological analyses. The results of the study confirm the possibility of the environmental usage of utilization-products.
Anthocyanins of Fruits and Vegetables - Their Occurrence, Analysis and Role in Human Nutrition
Authors: Horbowicz Marcin , Kosson Ryszard , Grzesiuk Anna , Dębski Henryk 
Published: August 2008

Anthocyanins of Fruits and Vegetables - Their Occurrence, Analysis and Role in Human Nutrition
Anthocyanins are one of the largest and most important group of water-soluble pigments in most species in the plant kingdom. They are accumulated in cell vacuoles and are largely responsible for diverse pigmentation from orange to red, purple and blue in flowers, fruits, such as: blackberry, red and black raspberries, blueberries, bilberries, cherries, currants, blood orange, elderberries, grapes, and vegetables such as: red onion, radish, red cabbage, red lettuce, egg-plant, red-skinned potato and purple sweet potato. Anthocyanins in fruits and vegetables are present in glycosylated forms. The qualitative and quantitative determination of anthocyanins in plant can be performed by classical (spectro-photometric) or contemporary methods - HPLC coupled with a various types of mass spectrometers or NMR apparatus. Anthocyanins are widely ingested by humans, mainly due to consumption of fruits, vegetables and red wines. Depending on the nutritional habits, the daily intake of anthocyanins for individuals has been estimated from several milligrams to hundreds of milligrams per person. Anthocyanins as well as other flavonoids occuring in fruits, and vegetables are protective against a variety of diseases, particularly cardiovascular disease and some types of cancer. Also the visual acuity can be markedly improved through administration of anthocyanin pigments to animals and humans.
The Effect of Selected Plant Materials and Extracts on the Development of Bacterial Diseases on Onion
Authors: Kowalska Beata , Smolińska Urszula 
Published: August 2008

The Effect of Selected Plant Materials and Extracts on the Development of Bacterial Diseases on Onion
The effects of Brassicaceae and Solanaceae plant residues and water extracts from these residues on the growth of onion (Allium cepa L.) pathogenic bacteria Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, Burkholderia cepacia and Burkholderia gladioli pv. alliicola were examined. The influence of these materials on the development of bacterial diseases on onion bulbs was also investigated. The toxic effect depended on the kind and amount of the agent used and also on the species of examined bacteria. The water extract from Brassica napus cv. Kana and water extract from Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Remiz decreased a density of three examined bacteria in nutrient broth medium. Also milled seeds of Brassica juncea cv. Małopolska expressed an inhibitory effect towards B. cepacia and B. gladioli pv. alliicola. However, milled seeds of B. napus cv. Kana used as an addition to liquid medium did not decrease the density of these bacteria. In the experiment on onion bulbs the most promising results were obtained for milled seeds of B. juncea cv. Małopolska. This material used both as a source of volatile compounds and also in direct contact with the inoculated place on the onion bulb, inhibited diseases development caused by all three examined bacteria. B. juncea contains very high concentration of 2-propenyl ITC and probably this compound caused decrease in density of bacteria and the reduction of disease development. Purified, commercially obtained 2-propenyl ITC proved a very strong antibacterial activity and also inhibited disease development on onion. The commercial products Funguran Easy 50 WP and Biosept 33SL were also used but they showed very weak activity in protection of onion against the tested bacteria.
Effect of the Colour of Light on Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) Seedlings
Authors: Piszczek Piotr , Głowacka Beata 
Published: August 2008

Effect of the Colour of Light on Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) Seedlings
Seedlings of a greenhouse variety of cucumber, Marinda F1, were produced in a growth chamber under fluorescent lamps emitting ‘daylight’ and blue light, each at quantum irradiance of 50, 55 or 60 μmol·m-2·s-1.
The seedlings were assessed in terms of growth dynamics, the more important morphological features and the concentration of selected pigments in fresh leaf weight.
It was found that plants growing under blue lamps were taller, had longer internodes, a thicker stem and a higher dry matter content in fresh shoot weight. The number of leaves was not dependent on either the colour of light or the level of quantum irradiance. However, plant height, internode length and stem thickness, and dry matter content in fresh shoot weight increased as the irradiance level increased from 50 to 60 μmol·m-2·s-1. At the highest level of quantum irradiance, the concentrations of chlorophyll and carotenoids were greater in the leaves of plants grown in ‘daylight’. The concentration of anthocyanins did not depend on the colour of light or the level of quantum irradiance.
The Effect of Foliar Nutrition with Nitrogen, Molybdenum, Sucrose and Benzyladenine on the Contents of Dry Weight, Cd, Cu and Zn in Carrot
Authors: Smoleń Sylwester , Sady Włodzimierz 
Published: August 2008

The Effect of Foliar Nutrition with Nitrogen, Molybdenum, Sucrose and Benzyladenine on the Contents of Dry Weight, Cd, Cu and Zn in Carrot
Carrot Kazan F1 cv. was grown in containers 60x40x20 cm in size, placed on the open site under shadow fabric. The loam clay was used as the substrate, supplemented with the assimilable components to the following levels: 100 mg N, 80 mg P, 120 mg K, 80 mg Mg, 2000 mg Ca·dm-3 of the soil. In the treatments triple foliar nutrition with the following solutions: 1-control (no foliar nutrition), 2-urea, 3-urea+Mo, 4-urea+Mo+BA (benzyladenine), 5-urea+Mo+BA+sucrose, 6-BA 5 and 7-BA 10 was applied. The concentrations of 20 g·dm-3 (urea and sucrose), 1 mg·dm-3 (Mo) and 5 mg·dm-3 (benzyladenine) were applied in combined solutions, while BA alone was used either as 5 or 10 mg·dm-3. Foliar nutrition significantly affected dry weight content, Cu and Zn but had no influence on Cd concentration in carrot. The highest content of dry weight was assessed in carrot sprayed with Urea+Mo+Ba+sucrose solution and BA 10. The greatest amounts of Cu were found in storage roots of crops sprayed with Urea+Mo solution, whereas the highest contents of Zn were detected in plants receiving only urea foliar nutrition. A marked effect of interaction of foliar nutrition with the years of research were observed only for Zn concentrations in carrot. Soil of the individual experimental treatments after carrot cultivation differed significantly with respect to its pH reaction and concentrations of readily soluble forms Cd, Cu and Zn.
Biological Value of Red Beets in Relation to Nitrogen Fertilization
Authors: Szura Anna , Kowalska Iwona , Sady Włodzimierz 
Published: August 2008

Biological Value of Red Beets in Relation to Nitrogen Fertilization
Effects of nitrogen fertilizer and fertilization method on biological value of red beet roots (cv. Boro F1) were studied in pot experiments conducted in 2005 and 2006 years. Pre-sowing nitrogen fertilizers were either UAN (urea-ammonium nitrate solution) or ENTEC 26 (nitrogen fertilizer containing nitrification inhibitor). For both fertilizers the following methods of application were studied: pre-sowing superficially 90 kg N·ha-1 (S-100%), pre-sowing superficially 67.5 kg N·ha-1 with additional foliar nitrogen application during vegetation (S-75%+F), pre-sowing localized 67.5 kg N·ha-1 (L-75%) and pre-sowing localized 67.5 kg N·ha-1 with additional foliar nitrogen application during vegetation (L-75%+F). In harvested roots the contents of dry matter, sugars, phenols, NO3
-, NH4
+, N-protein and P, K, Mg and Ca were determined.
Type of nitrogen fertilizer had no effect on dry matter, NH4
+, N-protein, sugars, phenols, Ca and Mg contents in both years and on K in 2005 year. ENTEC 26 reduced nitrates content, particularly in 2005 year. The effect of fertilization method was not univocal, particularly for NO3
- content. In 2005 the lowest NO3
- content was found in treatment S-100% roots, whereas in 2006 in L-75%. In both years the highest sugars content was observed in L-75% roots, and the lowest N-protein in S-100% roots. In both years the method of fertilization had no effect on dry matter, NH4
+ and phenols contents. The effect of fertilization method of on mineral composition was apparent only in 2006 year.
It can be concluded that by using the fertilizer with inhibitor of nitrification the biological value of red beets assessed by nitrate content can be improved. The effect of method of fertilizer application on the biological value of red beets is not univocal and may depend on the year of cultivation.
Integration of the Short-Range Hyperbolic System Jemioluszka and DGPS
Authors: Banachowicz Andrzej , Wolski Adam , Banachowicz Grzegorz 
Published: August 2008

Integration of the Short-Range Hyperbolic System Jemioluszka and DGPS
This article describes an algorithm of an integrated navigational system developed for the navigation and steering along a given trajectory by rescuesalvage ships operated by the Polish Navy. Due to strict requirements concerning the accuracy of measurements of navigational parameters of ships at slow speeds, inertial measurement units have been used, whilst the state variables in the algorithm include higher derivatives of the velocity vector. The algorithm has been verified by a simulation method and at sea trials on board a real ship.
Directions of on Board Diagnostic System Development in Passenger Cars
Authors: Merkisz Jerzy , Pielecha Jacek , Pachołek Adam 
Published: August 2008

Directions of on Board Diagnostic System Development in Passenger Cars
The paper contains basic pieces of information about the on board diagnostic system, American and European law requirements. Admissible ranges of toxical emission, that this diagnostic system should detect (separately for vehicles with petrol and diesel engines) have been presented. The main idea shown in the article is to presented directions of regulations changes in subject on board diagnostic system. Possibilities of development of this system using in passenger cars (i.e. making a new date bases of mistakes, broke downs and law requirements - the OASIS system and introducing of telemetric systems) are also concerned.
Practical Method for Numerical Evaluation of Parameters of Pool Fires in Oil Pipeline Networks
Authors: Vadim Seleznev , Vladimir Aleshin 
Published: August 2008

Practical Method for Numerical Evaluation of Parameters of Pool Fires in Oil Pipeline NetworksThis paper presents a method for numerical evaluation of parameters of flammable liquid pool fires caused by storage tank or pipeline failures. The method may be useful for specialists working in oil and gas, and chemical industries. It was successfully applied in fire safety analysis of Russian gas and oil processing facilities.