bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marine science with global vision: creating a place for early career scientists. An introduction to selected articles from the 2007 Early Career Scientists Conference
Authors: North Elizabeth W. , Mueter Franz J. 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
North, E. W., and Mueter, F. J. 2009. Marine science with global vision: creating a place for early career scientists. An introduction to selected articles from the 2007 Early Career Scientists Conference. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 334–335.
Using effective listening skills with international patrons
Authors: Amsberry Dawn 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review literature from the linguistics and language teaching fields on the listener's role in accent perception, and applies the findings towards recommendations for improving listening skills for library faculty and staff who interact with international patrons.Design/methodology/approachDetailed empirically‐based evidence on listening and accented speech can be gathered from the linguistics and language teaching fields, in which researchers have studied extensively the effects of foreign accent on listeners. This paper reviews literature on the role of listener attitude, experience and prior knowledge in the communication process, and outlines a training program for library staff based on evidence from the literature.FindingsThe listener's attitudes, experience, and knowledge affect his or her perception of accented speech. Comprehension of accented speech can be improved both through increasing awareness of issues related to accent, and through listening practice.Practical implicationsLibrary public service staff can improve their listening skills through training programs that include awareness raising, listening practice, and discussion of cross‐cultural communication issues.Originality/valueThis paper synthesizes research not usually found in the library literature, and makes specific recommendations for improving library service based on empirical research.
Assessing the TIP online information literacy tutorial
Authors: Tronstad Bryan , Phillips Lori , Garcia Jenny , Harlow Mary Ann 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report on the results of a study that assessed whether students learned information literacy concepts after taking the interactive online Tutorial for Information Power (TIP).Design/methodology/approachThe methodology and design involved a pre‐ and post‐test assessment of students who completed an online tutorial.FindingsStudents who spent more time working through the tutorial had a statistically significant increase from their post‐test to their pre‐test scores.Research limitations/implicationsStatistically significant results reported from this study are of interest to the educational community involved with the teaching and assessment of information literacy.Practical implicationsThis study offers a successful model for evaluating student learning from an online tutorial.Originality/valueThis study is one of the few in the literature addressing the assessment of information literacy and online tutorials.
Vibration isolation theory and practice
Authors: Connolly Christine 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the different methods of isolating sensitive equipment from the effects of vibrations.Design/methodology/approachThe passive mechanisms of springs and dampers, air tables, and negative stiffness are explained, and practical examples given. Next is a description of various active systems in which actuators respond in real time to feedback from motion sensors. Finally, some unusual and interesting applications are explored.FindingsThe need for vibration isolation is growing, because of increasing vibrations and the requirement for higher spatial resolution. Ingenious mechanical design allows passive systems to work with frequencies of the order of 1 Hz. Modern accelerometers detect absolute motion and allow disconnection from the vibrations of the floor. Applications include the stabilisation of interferometric gravitational‐wave detectors.Originality/valueThe paper points out a range of solutions to the engineer combating problematic metrology environments.
Making better “eyes” for cameras, mobile (cell) phones and cars
Authors: Bloss Richard 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe an innovative new technology for assembling lens elements to electronic image capture modules with high‐image quality.Design/methodology/approachApplying robotic technology, innovative high‐precision optical sensing of focus and quick UV curing of fastening adhesive to accurately combine lens with sensor using 5 degree of freedom alignment.FindingsAutomation using five degrees of motion freedom can more accurately assemble digital camera systems than previous 1 degree of freedom approaches. The approach is also more cost effective.Practical implicationsElectronic camera systems can be assembled more quickly and accurately than with previous methods and with overall cost savings. Companies may also find that other high‐accuracy devices can be assembled more precisely and cheaper using quick UV cure adhesives and vision systems for accurate placement.Originality/valueDigital camera/image systems will be more accurate and less costly, increasing the number of applications to which they can be applied.
Registration using adaptive particle filter and natural features matching techniques for augmented reality systems
Authors: Tao Guan , Lijun Li , Wei Liu , Cheng Wang 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a flexible registration method for markerless augmented reality (AR) systems.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed method distinguishes itself as follows: firstly, the method is simple and efficient, as no man‐made markers are needed for both indoor and outdoor AR applications. Secondly, an adaptation method is presented to tune the particle filter dynamically. The result is a system which can achieve tolerance to fast motion and drift during tracking process. Thirdly, the authors use the reduced scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) and scale prediction techniques to match natural features. This method deals easily with the camera pose estimation problem in the case of large illumination and visual angle changes.FindingsSome experiments are provided to validate the performance of the proposed method.Originality/valueThe paper proposes a novel camera pose estimation method based on adaptive particle filter and natural features matching techniques.
Seeing market orientation through a capabilities lens
Authors: Foley Anthony , Fahy John 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how conceptualising market orientation within a capabilities framework may assist in developing further understanding of the construct.Design/methodology/approachCompelling issues in the market orientation literature relating to the nature of the market orientation construct, the relationship of the construct with performance, and identifying antecedents to market orientation are discussed. The capabilities perspective is explored in the context of these issues. In particular, a perspective of market orientation based on the market‐sensing capability is proposed, which may provide additional insights into the construct.Research limitations/implicationsThe capabilities framework facilitates a more comprehensive approach to understanding the nature of market orientation, which captures the complex interaction of behavioural and cultural factors in the conceptualisation of the construct.Originality/valueThis paper addresses the need to examine how marketing capabilities may contribute to organisation performance.
Theoretical lenses and domain definitions in innovation research
Authors: Harmancioglu Nukhet , Droge Cornelia , Calantone Roger J. 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThis study aims to scrutinize the meaning and domain of “innovation” by providing an extensive theory‐driven review of the new product literature in marketing, management and engineering. The overall objective is to classify the recent literature on innovation and to illustrate theoretically derived discourses in the study of innovation.Design/methodology/approachThe paper organizes this literature by providing typologies of discourses, which define innovation. Based on our review of 238 articles from a comprehensive set of journals publishing innovation research, we propose a theoretical divide in the innovation literature.FindingsTheoretical underpinnings, namely adoption/diffusion theory versus the resource‐based/contingency theory view, form one dimension of the typology. Jointly considered with the other two dimensions – level of analysis and customer vs firm perspective – a framework is formed of the different discourses and conceptualisations in the innovation literature.Originality/valuePast researchers have always proposed a definition of innovation that was embedded in a typology of innovation types; in contrast, the paper allows the theoretical discourses to unveil meanings of innovation and associated constructs (and hence it starts with theory specification, not construct definition). It argues for starting with theory as the basic division and proposes a theory driven typology. Through its theoretical genesis, the paper wishes to create a shared understanding among academics and practitioners of what constitutes innovation and constructs within the related theoretical net.
A critical analysis of the independence of the internal audit function: evidence from Australia
Authors: Christopher Joe , Sarens Gerrit , Leung Philomena 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThis study aims to critically analyse the independence of the internal audit function through its relationship with management and the audit committee.Design/methodology/approachResults are based on a critical comparison of responses from questionnaires sent out to Australian chief audit executives (CAEs) versus existing literature and best practice guidelines.FindingsWith respect to the internal audit function's relationship with management, threats identified include: using the internal audit function as a stepping stone to other positions; having the chief executive officer (CEO) or chief finance officer (CFO) approve the internal audit function's budget and provide input for the internal audit plan; and considering the internal auditor to be a “partner”, especially when combined with other indirect threats. With respect to the relationship with the audit committee, significant threats identified include CAEs not reporting functionally to the audit committee; the audit committee not having sole responsibility for appointing, dismissing and evaluating the CAE; and not having all audit committee members or at least one member qualified in accounting.Originality/valueThis study introduces independence threat scores, thereby generating analysis of the internal audit function's independence taking into account a combination of threats.
Resolving conflicts over employee work schedules
Authors: Romaine Janet , Schmidt Amy B. 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine justice perceptions using potential employee conflict over provision of a work‐life benefit, and to link the findings to existing theory and research in organizational justice.Design/methodology/approachA total of 208 undergraduates at a liberal arts college responded to a version of the scenario. There were six versions, representing varied organizational conditions, with hypotheses based on both theory and previous empirical work.FindingsStudents were asked whether they preferred equity (contribution), equality or need as the allocation norm to be used in the scenario. Under all organizational conditions, equity is favored over the other two norms, but some differences emerge. Organizational conditions that are less empowering and more stressful lead to higher preference for equality and need than when organizations are seen as treating employees well. In contrast with some earlier findings, women are more likely than men to prefer equity as the basis for the decision; but women's choices differ significantly between the long hours and family‐friendly scenarios, with a pronounced shift to need as the allocation norm in the long hours condition.Originality/valueAlthough some researchers have examined organizational justice norms in relation to work‐life benefits, little attention has been shown to the mechanisms involved in creating perceptions of unfairness relative to these benefits. The study demonstrates the importance of organizational context in determining when these benefits may be perceived as being fair, thereby averting the potential for conflict between employees.
Strategic analysis for digital library development
Authors: Cervone H. Frank 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThis paper aims to introduce a methodology for strategic analysis which can used in digital library development. This methodology can be used as a precursor process that assists in developing successful business cases to implement the strategies of a digital library development plan.Design/methodology/approachUsing theory and practice from information technology in both profit and non‐profit organizations, the paper relates the use of strategic analysis to the development of a successful business case for digital library development.FindingsOne of the major tasks a digital library project manager faces is getting the project approved and in the queue for development. By exploiting the full potential of the planning phase of the systems development lifecycle (SDLC), a digital project manager can develop a compelling business case for the proposed project. By using SWOT analysis as well as additional considerations, the project manager should identify how the project will address critical organizational (business) issues and success factors as well as provide a compelling case for action. In particular, the most successful business cases develop compelling cases for action by carefully crafting solid arguments for why the digital project being proposed is the most important project an organization should undertake out of all the potential projects that might exist.Originality/valueThis paper fills a gap in the digital project management literature by providing a step‐by‐step process for using strategic analysis in digital library development planning.
Influence of national culture on trans‐national alliance relationships
Authors: Bhaskaran Suku , Gligorovska Emilija 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse and review whether national culture influences organisational beliefs about and behaviours to trans‐national alliance partners.Design/methodology/approachReviewed extant studies on national culture, organisational culture and business‐to‐business relationship. Using information from the literature review and key informant surveys, a survey instrument comprising of close‐ended questions was developed. The questionnaire was sent to the Chief Executives Officer's of 1,248 organisations identified through systematically selecting every third organisation in the sampling frame. Two weeks later, universal reminders were sent to all 1,248 organisations. The data from 376 fully completed questionnaires returned were analysed through exploratory factor analysis and canonical correlation analysis.FindingsNational culture influences beliefs about and behaviours to trans‐national alliance partners. However, beliefs and behaviours are also influenced by the complex inter‐relationships between relational constructs such as trust, commitment, co‐operation, dependence, communication and compatibility. Often, compatibility is not only influenced by national culture but also by the size, business activity and how the organisation is incorporated.Practical implicationsBeliefs about and behaviours to trans‐national partner organisations are not solely influenced by national culture. It is the outcome of complex and diverse social, political, economic and organisational factors and how these factors influence orientations to issues such as trust, commitment, co‐operation and communication.Originality/valueExplores a hitherto under‐researched theme on trans‐national business alliances, the influence of the national culture of organisations on various relational issues discussed in business‐to‐business relationship studies. The study consolidates knowledge from three streams of literature (national culture, organisational culture and business‐to‐business relationship), often handled as disparate sources of knowledge.
An overview and assessment of the reform of the non‐tradable shares of Chinese state‐owned enterprise A‐share issuers
Authors: McGuinness Paul B. 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide an updated and critical assessment of the share reforms relevant to Chinese A‐share issuers listed in the two mainland markets of Shanghai and Shenzhen. The reform programme first began in 2005 and has now spread widely across issuers in the two markets. It is therefore timely to assess how effective the reforms have been as well as gauging the ongoing effects of the transformation (of non‐tradable scrip into tradable form) on A‐share prices.Design/methodology/approachThe “Split Share Structure” reform programme represents a major policy initiative in China and potentially opens‐the‐door to large‐scale state‐share disposals. The evidence to date however suggests that the Chinese authorities are primarily concerned with the reconfiguration of the array of share types that presently exist into a more comprehendible, streamlined form. The various checks and balances imposed on controlling shareholders engaged in the transformation of their shares from non‐tradable to tradable form suggest that eventual re‐designation of the holdings into an unfettered tradable type will not necessarily translate to the state's acquiescence in the disposal of such shares. On the contrary, state holdings in the most strategic of assets are likely to be retained more or less intact. Insights are developed by focusing on examples involving major A‐share issuers. In particular, a case study of the Sinopec reform proposal of August/September 2006 is set out to help illuminate the principal features of the reform package. Critical examination of the empirical literature relating to the A‐share price effects of the share reform programme also features.FindingsThere is little evidence to date of significant stock disposals amongst the largest and most strategic of China's issuers. However, for a number of A‐listed issuers, parts of the lock‐up moratoria have already expired or are set to do so in the very near future. Given the precipitous fall in A‐share prices (in Shanghai and Shenzhen) since late 2007, largely wrought by the enveloping global credit‐crunch, the Chinese authorities have an even more compelling case than hitherto to assiduously dampen fears of large‐scale state‐share disposals. Notwithstanding this, at least a small part of the drop in A‐share values during 2008 derives from the building risk‐premium on this issue.Research limitations/implicationsAs the trading moratoria on re‐designated shares still applies in most cases, at least in respect of the majority of domestic stock holdings, a clearer picture will not emerge until 2009‐2011 when all such moratoria would have lapsed.Originality/valueThe discussions in this paper help to bring into focus a highly topical issue within the context of the Chinese equity market.
Court of Appeal dismisses appeal on admissibility of FSA material as evidence in Directors Disqualification Proceedings
Authors: Gray Joanna 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThe paper's aim is to outline and comment on the Court of Appeal case: Secretary of State for Business Enterprise and Regulatory Reform v. Aaron and Others, October 2008.Design/methodology/approachThe paper outlines the facts surrounding the case and comments on the ruling.FindingsLord Justice Thomas gave the judgment in this appeal, considering the admissible in disqualification proceedings. However, in relation to the Secretary of State's attempt to rely in evidence on material in the FOS decision and the FSA final notice LJ Thomas ruled that that the implied exception to the strict rule of evidence in Hollington v. Hewthorn did not apply so as to allow their admission in evidence.Originality/valueThe current market crisis has focused the attention of regulatory investigators around the world on the activities of major UK financial institutions in a number of jurisdictions in which they were active.
Using action research to implement a career development framework in facilities
Authors: Pease Neil 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present findings from a research study to implement a career development framework within a large acute district general hospital facilities directorate. The findings of this study will provide points of interest in terms of the implementation of a career development framework and also a wider, more generalisable analysis relating to the use of action research (AR) in this context. The efficacy of career development frameworks and alternate recruitment strategies will also be considered.Design/methodology/approachAR was utilised as the primary research methodology, with focus groups and semi‐structured interviews employed as the main sources of data collection. NVivo qualitative analysis software was used to analyse the data. Interventions within the AR cycles have been categorised as micro and macro in terms of the complexity and level of personal and organisational involvement. Although micro interventions will be briefly referred to, macro interventions have been evaluated within this paper in terms of both efficacy and transferability.FindingsThere were two main findings from this research project originating from AR interventions that may prove beneficial to other organisations in terms of both organisational and staff development: development of bespoke career development pathways; and creation of a fast track employability scheme within hotel services.Research limitations/implicationsSome of the more longitudinal interventions will require further analysis to gauge long‐term efficacy.Originality/valueThis paper should prove beneficial to those involved with implementing organisational change and the potential use of AR within the facilities environment. The paper should also provide useful alternatives in the recruitment of staff and the use of career development interventions.
Connecting key stakeholders: sustainable learning opportunities
Authors: Clements Michael D. 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThis paper introduces a hybrid learning framework as part of a specifically designed reflective learning experience internship program.Design/methodology/approachThis paper identifies challenges/barriers and offers solutions on how to design a learning driven internship program, which satisfies the needs of all stakeholders. Following on from this, initial learning constructs are discussed before future stages of development are considered.FindingsThe initial feedback from the key stakeholders suggests support for the framework as a mechanism to connect industry, the student body and the education provider.Practical ImplicationsThrough the implementation of this framework key stakeholders can combine to provide an important learning environment for future employees whilst still adding value to their own business. This model also provides a context in which both industry and academia can combine to nurture and mentor the society of tomorrow.Originality/valueThe value of this paper is to provide the reader a better approach to engaging and sustaining work related learning opportunities for students.