bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of glypican-3 immune expression in ameloblastoma, ameloblastic fibroma, ameloblastic carcinoma (pilot study)
Authors: Al-Malahy Nayl Ahmed Al-ezzi , Zayed Shaymaa Omar , Saleh Heba Ahmed 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundOdontogenic tumors a variety of benign and malignant lesions developed exclusively in the jaws. They are known to have variable clinical behaviors and different histological features. The development of odontogenic tumors is attributed to alterations in some genetic and biological molecules. The aim of this study is to assess Glypican-3 immune expression in different groups of odontogenic neoplasms as in Ameloblastoma, Ameloblastic Fibroma, and Ameloblastic Carcinoma, and compare it to dental follicle tissue as control group. Also correlate the marker expression with the known biological behavior of these tumors. This study included 40 cases were selected from oral and maxillofacial pathology department (ten cases in each group). Some sections are prepared to be stained with H&E stain and other sections with Glypican-3 immune stain. Histological examination and Histomorphometric analysis were done finally under light microscope. The area percents of Glypican-3 immune expression in all tumor sections were measured.ResultsLevel of expression of Glypican-3 revealed significant difference between the study groups (P-value < or = 0.05). The level of immune expression was highest in ameloblastic carcinoma group (M = 58.7) followed by ameloblastoma group (M = 33.9), then ameloblastic fibroma (M = 5.6) and lowest in the control group of dental follicle (M = 1.3).ConclusionsGlypican-3 immune expression demonstrated statistically significant difference among the study groups, indicating that it may have contributing role in tumor pathogenesis and its biological behavior.
Enhancement of flexural modulus and strength of epoxy nanocomposites with the inclusion of functionalized GNPs using Tween 80
Authors: Halim Wan Zateel Aqmaer Wan Ab , Junid Ramli , Sazali Norazliane , Siregar Januar Parlaungan , Razak Jeefferie Abd , Fitriyana Deni Fajar , Cionita Tezara , Jaafar Jamiluddin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this work, epoxy nanocomposite was prepared with the inclusion of unfunctionalized as-received GNPs (ARGNPs) and functionalized GNPs using surfactant Tween 80 (T80GNPs) in the epoxy resin using a mechanical stirrer. ARGNPs were used as it is, while T80GNPs were prepared through the adsorption of surfactant onto GNPs’ surface using a sonication procedure in an ultrasonic bath. Characterization of nanoparticles using SEM shows that ARGNPs indicated a softer image representing a thinner layer of graphene stacks compared to T80GNP which has a tangible solid-looking image resulting from the sedimentation during the process of filtration. Elementally, both ARGNPs and T80GNPs were found to contain carbon, oxygen, and sulfur, as indicated by the EDX spectrum, with the C/O ratio for T80GNPs being 34.7% higher than that for ARGNPs, suggesting the adsorption of Tween 80 molecules on the GNPs after functionalization. FTIR spectroscopy confirms the attachment of Tween 80 molecules on GNPs surface with T80GNPs spectrum indicated higher peak intensity than ARGNPs. Flexural testing demonstrated that the addition of 0.9 wt.% ARGNPs and 0.9 wt.% T80GNPs to the epoxy increased the modulus of the nanocomposites to 72.1% and 82.6%, respectively, relative to neat epoxy. With the same amount of particle content, both nanocomposites showed increased strength, with ARGNPs and T80GNPs exhibiting strengths of 70.5% and 87.8%, respectively, relative to neat epoxy.
Fascial plane blocks for cardiothoracic surgery: a narrative review
Authors: Capuano Paolo , Sepolvere Giuseppe , Toscano Antonio , Scimia Paolo , Silvetti Simona , Tedesco Mario , Gentili Luca , Martucci Gennaro , Burgio Gaetano 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a growing awareness of the limitations and risks associated with the overreliance on opioids in various surgical procedures, including cardiothoracic surgery.This shift on pain management toward reducing reliance on opioids, together with need to improve patient outcomes, alleviate suffering, gain early mobilization after surgery, reduce hospital stay, and improve patient satisfaction and functional recovery, has led to the development and widespread implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols.In this context, fascial plane blocks are emerging as part of a multimodal analgesic in cardiac surgery and as alternatives to conventional neuraxial blocks for thoracic surgery, and there is a growing body of evidence suggesting their effectiveness and safety in providing pain relief for these procedures.
In this review, we discuss the most common fascial plane block techniques used in the field of cardiothoracic surgery, offering a comprehensive overview of regional anesthesia techniques and presenting the latest evidence on the use of chest wall plane blocks specifically in this surgical setting.
Extending section 12 approval under the Mental Health Act to professions other than medicine
Authors: Taylor John L. , Burrell Carole 
Published: March 2024

SummaryApplications for detention under civil sections of the England and Wales Mental Health Act 1983 require at least one recommendation from a registered medical practitioner who is approved under section 12 of the Act. The Mental Health Act 2007 introduced multi-professional approved clinicians who may act as a patient's responsible clinician with responsibilities that include renewal of detention for treatment. Approved clinicians who are medical practitioners are automatically approved for section 12 purposes, whereas other approved clinicians are not. It is argued in this paper that this inconsistency is illogical, has implications for patient care and needs to be remedied.
Jailing is failing: psychiatry can help
Authors: Carroll Andrew , Brett Adam 
Published: March 2024

SummaryThere is accumulating evidence that imprisonment is expensive but does little to address the underlying drivers of offending. At the same time, it is now recognised that a large proportion of prisoners are diagnosable with significant psychiatric disorders. In this piece we explore the potential role of psychiatry in addressing the societal challenge of a failing prison system. We argue that core psychiatric skills of engaging in balanced, values-based thinking and implementing sound clinical processes can play an important role in reducing reoffending risk. We briefly discuss some of the key challenges involved and outline several relevant service models.
What is the Marginal Cost of Using Robot Assistance or Navigation for Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion? A Time-Driven Activity-Based Cost Analysis
Authors: Sarikonda Advith , Tecce Eric , Leibold Adam , Mansoor Ali Daniyal , Thalheimer Sara , Heller Joshua , Prasad Srinivas , Sharan Ashwini , Jallo Jack , Harrop James , Vaccaro Alexander R. , Sivaganesan Ahilan 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Our primary objective was to compare the marginal intraoperative cost of 3 different methods for pedicle screw placement as part of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusions (TLIFs). Specifically, we used time-driven activity-based costing to compare costs between robot-assisted TLIF (RA-TLIF), TLIF with intraoperative navigation (ION-TLIF), and freehand (non-navigated, nonrobotic) TLIF.

METHODS:
Total cost was divided into direct and indirect costs. We identified all instances of RA-TLIF (n = 20), ION-TLIF (n = 59), and freehand TLIF (n = 233) from 2020 to 2022 at our institution. Software was developed to automate the extraction of all intraoperatively used personnel and material resources from the electronic medical record. Total costs were determined through a combination of direct observation, electronic medical record extraction, and interdepartmental collaboration (business operations, sterile processing, pharmacy, and plant operation departments). Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to compare costs between TLIF modalities, accounting for patient-specific factors as well as number of levels fused, surgeon, and hospital site.

RESULTS:
The average total intraoperative cost per case for the RA-TLIF, ION-TLIF, and freehand TLIF cohorts was $24 838 ± $10 748, $15 991 ± $6254, and $14 498 ± $6580, respectively. Regression analysis revealed that RA-TLIF had significantly higher intraoperative cost compared with both ION-TLIF (β-coefficient: $7383 ± $1575, P < .001) and freehand TLIF (β-coefficient: $8182 ± $1523, P < .001). These cost differences were primarily driven by supply cost. However, there were no significant differences in intraoperative cost between ION-TLIF and freehand TLIF (P = .32).

CONCLUSION:
We demonstrate a novel use of time-driven activity-based costing methodology to compare different modalities for executing the same type of lumbar fusion procedure. RA-TLIF entails significantly higher supply cost when compared with other modalities, which explains its association with higher total intraoperative cost. The use of ION, however, does not add extra expense compared with freehand TLIF when accounting for confounders. This might have implications as surgeons and hospitals move toward bundled payments.
The Safety and Efficacy of Dorsal Root Entry Zone Lesioning for Pain Management in Patients With Brachial Plexus Avulsion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Shekouhi Ramin , Chen Xizhao , Taylor Justin , Marji Fady P. , Chim Harvey 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Persistent neuropathic pain after brachial plexus avulsion (BPA) is common and generally nonresponsive to medical management. Dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) lesioning is the last resort for pain management in patients with BPA. This study aims to investigate and compare the outcomes and complications of DREZ procedures.

METHODS:
A systematic literature search was conducted to identify all related studies. Comparisons were based on the number of patients with preoperative pain vs postoperative pain, with the effect size calculated using the risk ratio. Mean visual analog scale (VAS) scores were extracted and analyzed between interventions. A meta-regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for final outcomes. The rates of complications were also assessed and analyzed between interventions.

RESULTS:
A total of 30 studies with 917 patients (90.0% male and 10.0% female, mean age: 42.9 ± 16.6) were included in this systematic review. Of the 917 patients who underwent surgery, 655 (71.4%) patients had significant pain reduction at the last follow-up (P < .05). The weighted mean preoperative VAS score was 8.3 ± 1.3, compared with postoperative VAS scores (1.9 ± 2.2); a significant improvement was observed (P < .05). The subgroup analysis showed that microsurgical DREZotomy (MDT) is associated with better outcomes in terms of VAS score improvements compared with radiofrequency (RF)-assisted DREZ lesioning (P < .05). Meta-analysis showed that the relative risk of motor deficits was significantly lower in the MDT group, compared with the RF-assisted group (P < .05). Meta-regression showed that older age is correlated with an elevated risk of postoperative motor deficits compared with the incidence of sensory loss.

CONCLUSION:
DREZ lesioning is effective for intractable pain alleviation after BPA. Compared with RF-assisted DREZ lesioning, MDT is associated with better VAS score improvements and a lower rate of postoperative motor weakness.
POLÍTICA DE FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA STRICTO SENSU DA REDE MUNICIPAL DE EDUCAÇÃO DE FLORIANÓPOLIS:
Authors: Gomes Juliana Priscila , Hobold Márcia Souza 
Published: March 2024

Esta pesquisa focou no objeto de estudo: formação continuada stricto sensu, que tem crescido dentro do corpo docente das escolas básicas na Rede Municipal de Educação de Florianópolis - RMEF. É um artigo com o objetivo de expor as motivações dos/as professores/as que realizam essas formações e as proposições deles, a partir dessa. Para tal, como referencial teórico, o método histórico dialético, por entender que o sujeito é resultado do seu meio, logo influencia e sofre influências do seu espaço, pois, a realidade é um todo inacabado e cheio de contradições. O percurso metodológico realizado foi a abordagem qualitativa, tendo como referências Lüdke e André (2013), Lüdke (2015), Gatti e André (2011). Foram realizadas entrevistas com 9 professores/as, de um universo de 125 (7%) e os dados foram investigados com base na análise de conteúdos defendida por Franco (2018). Dentre as motivações para cursar essa formação estão o percurso acadêmico, reflexão da prática e carreira docente. Os dados mostram que, ao término do estudo investigativo, em regra, o docente volta diretamente para seu posto de trabalho, sem cuidados de contextualização ou valorização desses saberes constituídos por parte do grupo gestor local e/ou municipal. Afirma-se que essa política de formação continuada da RPMF é diferenciada, importante e transformadora para o corpo docente, ampliando repertório, flexibilizando olhares e proporcionando maior segurança para a prática educativa. Palavras-chave: Formação continuada de professores/as; Profissionalização docente; Formação stricto sensu.
Left lower lobe sleeve resection for the clear cell variant of pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Yu Xiao-Hui , Wang Wen-Xiang , Yang De-Song , Gong Liang-Hui 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma (PMEC) is a rare malignancy that arises from minor salivary glands within the tracheobronchial tree. The clear cell variant of PMEC is exceptionally uncommon and presents notable diagnostic challenges, primarily attributable to its morphological similarity to other tumors containing clear cells.
CASE SUMMARY
A 22-year-old male, formerly in good health, came in with a two-month duration of persistent cough and production of sputum. Subsequent imaging and bronchoscopy examinations revealed a 2 cm tumor in the distal left main bronchus, which resulted in complete atelectasis of the left lung. Further assessment via positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans and endoscopic biopsy confirmed the primary malignant nature of the tumor, characterized by clear cell morphology in most of the tumor cells. The patient underwent a left lower lobe sleeve resection accompanied by systematic mediastinal lymph node dissection. Molecular pathology analysis subsequently revealed a CRTC3-MAML2 gene fusion, leading to a definitive pathological diagnosis of the clear cell variant of PMEC, staged as T2N0M0. After surgery, the patient experienced a smooth recovery and exhibited no signs of recurrence during the one-and-a-half-year follow-up period.
CONCLUSION
This article describes an unusual case of a clear cell variant of PMEC characterized by the presence of a CRTC3-MAML2 gene fusion in a 22-year-old male. The patient underwent successful left lower lobe sleeve resection. This case underscores the distinctive challenges associated with diagnosing and treating this uncommon malignancy, underscoring the importance of precise diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies.
Chronic infectious unilateral giant thyroid cyst related to diabetes mellitus: A case report
Authors: Liu Jiang-Bo , Zhang Shi-Lei , Jiang Wen-Long , Sun Hai-Kuan , Yang Hao-Chen 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Patients rarely develop complicated infections in thyroid cysts. Here, we describe a patient with chronic infected unilateral giant thyroid cyst related to diabetes mellitus (DM).
CASE SUMMARY
A 66-year-old male was admitted due to an evident neck lump for 5 d after approximately 40 years of gradually progressive neck mass and 7 years of DM. Doppler ultrasound and computed tomography scan showed a giant lump in the left thyroid gland lobe. He was diagnosed with a large thyroid nodule complicated by tracheal dislocation and had surgical indications. Surgical exploration revealed evident inflammatory edema and exudation between the left anterior neck muscles, the nodule and glandular tissue. Fortunately, inflammatory lesions did not affect major neck vessels. Finally, a left partial thyroidectomy was performed. Macroscopic observation showed that the cystic thyroid mass consisted of extensive cystic wall calcification and was rich in massive rough sand-like calculi content and purulent matter. Postoperative pathology confirmed benign thyroid cyst with chronic infection.
CONCLUSION
The progression of this chronic infectious unilateral giant thyroid cyst may have been related to DM, and identifying blood vessels involvement can prevent serious complications during operation.
Multiple thoracic and abdominal foregut duplication cysts: A case report
Authors: Alsinan Tuqa Adil , Altokhais Tariq Ibrahim 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Congenital enteric duplication cysts are tubular or cystic structures that normally lie alongside the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Enteric duplication cysts are typically solitary lesions that occur anywhere near the GI tract from the neck to the rectum, but having multiple duplication cysts is rare, and presentation within the pancreas is extremely rare.
CASE SUMMARY
We herein demonstrate a case of esophageal, gastric, and gastric-type duplication cyst of the pancreas in a seventeen-month-old girl who presented with failure to thrive, abdominal pain, vomiting, hematemesis, and melena since the age of three months. The cysts were excised by thoracoscopy and laparoscopy in the same setting. To our knowledge, no such case has been published.
CONCLUSION
Enteric duplications can occur throughout the entire alimentary tract. When they occur in the pancreas, they present a formidable challenge in both diagnosis and treatment. Due to the risk of complications and malignant transformation, surgical removal is the recommended treatment of all duplication cysts.
Detection of 4p16.3 deletion and 11p15.5p15.4 gain in a boy by comparative genomic hybridization array: A case report
Authors: Kaya Işın 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Nonallelic homologous recombination (NAHR) of segmental duplications or low copy repeats (LCRs) result in DNA gain/loss and play an important role in the origin of genomic disorders.
CASE SUMMARY
A 3-year- old boy was referred for genetic analysis. Comparative genomic hybridization array analysis revealed a loss of 3776 kb in the 4p16.3 chromosomal region and a gain of 3201 kb in the 11p15.5p15.4 chromosomal region.
CONCLUSION
Genomic imbalances caused by NAHR in LCRs result in deletion and duplication syndromes.
Underwater image restoration via adaptive color correction and dehazing
Authors: Zhang Jiening , Yu Qing , Hou Guojia 
Published: March 2024

Due to the absorbing and scattering effects, underwater images are often degraded by low contrast, color cast, and haze, which have limited their further applications to underwater vision task. To address this issue, we propose a hybrid framework by adaptive color correction and dehazing for underwater image restoration. Specifically, according to the color attenuation principle, we first design an adaptive color compensation strategy to correct the color cast of the underwater image. In addition, based on an underwater image formation model, we develop a robust dehazing algorithm, in which a new scoring formula across three indicators (i.e., darkness, distance, and blurriness) and a double-max DCP method are proposed to estimate the background light and transmission map, respectively. The experimental results validate that the proposed method is effective in color correction and dehazing. Both qualitative and quantitative comparisons further demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms several state-of-the-art methods.
Near-infrared reflecting/transmitting smart windows based on chiral nematic liquid crystals with enhanced electrically switching performance
Authors: Jafarimoghadam Mehdi , Mohammadimasoudi Mohammad , Zali Mohsen , Yazdi Kaveh 
Published: March 2024

This paper addresses global warming concerns stemming from energy consumption, particularly in buildings, which contribute 40% to global energy use. Smart windows that reflect near-infrared radiation have emerged as a solution to reduce indoor temperatures. Chiral nematic liquid crystals (CLCs) play a crucial role in this technology. Numerous approaches have been explored for regulating indoor temperatures using liquid crystals. Despite achieving ideal transparency, rapid switching speeds, negligible power consumption, and user control over switching, reported samples often face challenges when attempting to revert from either the focal conic state or the transmitting state back to the initial reflecting state. In this work, for the first time to our knowledge, CLC cells with electrical reversibility are visually demonstrated rapidly switching between reflective and transmitting modes. Cell thickness emerged as a pivotal factor in achieving smart window reversibility, with 3 µm identified as the optimal choice. Samples exhibited effective IR reflection, high visible transparency, and complete reversibility, marking a significant step toward practical smart windows to combat global warming.
3D nanoprinted catadioptric fiber sensor for dual-axis distance measurement during vitrectomy
Authors: Lux Florian , Calikoglu Aybuke , Klusmann Carolin , Hillenbrand Matthias , Ataman Çağlar 
Published: March 2024

Retinal damage is a common intraoperative complication during vitrectomy, caused by a complex interplay between the suction of the vitrectome, the cut- and aspiration rate, and the distance of the instrument to the retina. To control this last factor, we developed two miniaturized fiber-optic distance sensors based on low-coherence interferometry for direct integration into the vitrectome. Both sensors have a diameter of 250 µm, which makes them compatible with a 25G vitrectome. The first sensor measures distance in the lateral direction. The second sensor is capable of simultaneously measuring distance in both the lateral and the axial direction. Axial and lateral directions correspond to the direction of the cutter port of the vitrectome and the direction along the vitrectome’s shaft, respectively. In both sensors, a free-form mirror deflects and focuses the beam in the lateral direction. In the dual-axis distance sensor, an additional lens is integrated into the free-form mirror for distance measurement in the axial direction. The beam-shaping micro-optics at the tip of the sensor fibers were fabricated through two-photon polymerization and are selectively gold coated for increased reflectivity of the mirror. Distance measurements were successfully demonstrated in artificial samples and in ex vivo pig eyes with a back-end that uses a current-tuned VCSEL as a swept-source. We experimentally demonstrate that the complete sensor system can attain a SNRmax of up to 80 dB. The small dimensions of the developed sensors make them a potential solution for various other medical applications.
All-solid-state ultrafast 2 µm laser with 1.83  W output power
Authors: Mao Jiajia , Hu Ping , Zhou Xue , Zhang Baitao , Li Tao , Feng Tianli , He Jingliang , Yang Kejian 
Published: March 2024

In this paper, a high-power all-solid-state ultrafast 2 µm mode-locked laser is investigated. The particularity of this laser is the simultaneous utilization of two Tm:YAP crystals in the same resonant cavity, independently pumped by two laser diodes. Using a 20% output coupler, pulses with output power as high as 1.83 W are achieved at a wavelength of 1938 nm with a pulse duration of 1.97 ps and a pulse repetition frequency of 100 MHz. To our knowledge, this mode-locked laser achieves the highest output power of any mode-locked Tm:YAP ultrafast laser reported to date. In addition, this paper provides a new approach to solve the problem of low output power due to multi-mode low-brightness laser diode pumping.