bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated Microcomputer Software for Petroleum Engineers: A Team Development Approach
Authors: Johnson J. B. , Woods N. O. , Smith D. E. 
Published: December 2007

Summary
Using a team development approach, ARCO Oil and Gas Company has developed an integrated microcomputer database system for petroleum engineers. This system provides a framework for compact storage, retrieval, and interchange of data between various technical applications. It also gives the engineer an ability to manage all common oilfield data for input, analysis, and reporting. High resolution graphics, "help" screens, and consistent user interface standards allow the engineer to readily utilize the capabilities of the petroleum engineering applications with very little manipulation of input data. This paper describes the management process used in development of the system and discusses several of the major considerations critical to the system's design.
In an effort to bridge the gap between computer science and petroleum engineering technologies, a specific software development team was created consisting of ARCO petroleum engineers, ARCO computer scientists, and consultants from the microcomputer software industry. This team approach to software development allowed the implementation of petroleum engineering technology with appropriate consideration of available computer possibilities. The team was headed by a petroleum engineer who defined the capabilities desired of the software, while the computer specialists on the team provided dynamic feedback and suggestions for ways to accommodate the petroleum engineering tasks on a microcomputer.
Much consideration was given to meeting computer industry standards and leaving options open for future expansions. Questions regarding mainframe links, networking, compatibilities with other computer systems, and future hardware/software developments were ever present in design of the ARCO system. More importantly, the system had to work efficiently with today's hardware and be developed at a minimum cost. The completed software system is a direct result of synergistic input from team members and provides a workable framework for development of future petroleum engineering microcomputer software.
Linear Programming Optimization on Microcomputers
Authors: Brown D. L. , Wattenbarger R. A. , Startzman R. A. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
A common type of mathematical optimization is Linear Programming (LP). An LP solution of aquifer influence functions has recently been reported by Gadjica, etal.1 (1987) and Targac, etal.2 Their LP matrices were large and sparse (only 3% of the elements were non-zero) and were solved on main frame computers. Another recent application of LP is equation-of-state matching of laboratory PVT data3. This problem leads to a smaller, denser LP matrix.
Three methods of LP solution were investigated on microcomputers: (1) the simplex method, (2) the revised simplex method, and (3) the symmetric method. These methods were run on several LP problems ranging from a small dense matrix to large sparse matrices. The different methods have different characteristics which affect the speed, storage requirements and simplicity of coding. The simplex method is straightforward, but usually is slower and requires more storage than the other methods.
The results of this study are tabulated with running times and storage requirements for the various LP methods and microcomputers. The computers range from the IBM XT to the Compaq 386. This information serves as a documentation of the LP codes and should be useful for an engineer interested in using LP codes on a microcomputer.
Developing an Effective Microcomputer User Support Strategy in the Petroleum Industry
Authors: Engler R. A. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
In recent years, the proliferation of large numbers of microcomputers has greatly changed the requirements for user support. Companies which have historically had strong centralized mainframe computer staffs are now required to support users in ways which were not necessary in the past. In mainframe systems, user support is usually limited to help in running programs and occasional hardware repairs. As microcomputers have spread throughout the workplace, support must now be expanded to include software and hardware distribution and installation, as well as training for a greatly expanded user community. The petroleum industry is a unique case in the user support problem, particularly for exploration and production companies. The normal support problems are complicated by the need to put computing assets in remote locations, often with hostile environments. The user community will often span a wide range of educational experience and computer experience. This paper discusses several concepts involved in developing a microcomputer user support strategy in the petroleum industry.
A Framework for the Selection and Implementation of PC Software and Its Effects on Productivity
Authors: Baldwin J. O. , Schwager R. E. , Lochmann M. J. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
One of the primary justifications for the use of personal computers is increased productivity, to be obtained through the achievement of specific goals. The process of selecting and implementing PC software applications has a direct impact on achieving productivity gains, therefore goals must be kept clearly in mind throughout any evaluation. In order to achieve success, the goals set for productivity must be straightforward, concise and reasonable, or the process will attain only limited success, or could fail altogether. This paper outlines how a selection/implementation committee can bring order to this chaotic process.
Measurement-While-Drilling Mud Pulse Detection Process: An Investigation of Matched Filter Responses to Simulated and Real Mud Pressure Pulses
Authors: Marsh J. L. , Fraser E. C. , Holt A. L. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
A study was performed for the purpose of evaluating various methods of signal (MWD mud pulse) detection in the presence of simulated and real noise. The performance of rectangular and double exponential matched filter correlators was determined using simulated pulses in the presence of band limited gaussian noise and coherent noise. Actual field recordings of MWD pressure signals were then digitized and passed through the correlation process to determine the relative merit of various correlation schemes. Samples of recordings for both easy detection and difficult detection drilling situations were used for this evaluation.
The results of this study show that the correlation detection process is a remarkably robust method of detection of MWD mud pressure signals in real and simulated noise. They also point out the relative insensitivity of the correlation detection process to variations in the shape of the replica of the pulse used in the matched filter.
EOR Screening With an Expert System
Authors: Guerillot D. R. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
The application of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique to assist in the selection of an Enhanced Oil Recovery process (EOR) is described. The aim of this Expert System (ES) is to provide reasoned comments on the applicability of such processes on the basis of reservoir characteristics.
The knowledge base has been developed using a professional inference engine. To be closer to the type of reasoning used by experts, fuzzy logic concepts have been introduced in the knowledge representation.
This approach leads to a methodology for selecting EOR processes and for improving know-how by checking the criteria used by comparison with practical experience, and it helps to transfer the expert's knowledge to the users of the system. Moreover, estimations of additional field cases makes it possible to continuously refine the screening procedure.
Optimization of Well Stimulation Strategies in Oil and Gas Fields
Authors: Sinson C. M. , Ogbe D. O. , Dehghani K. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
Optimization methods of linear and non-linear programming have been used in the oil industry to study the scheduling of oil well production and drilling, and to determine the optimal investment policies.
There are few studies published in the area of optimization of well stimulation policies. This paper describes the application of non-linear mathematical programming methods to optimize the design and evaluation of oil and gas wells for stimulation.
The model presented is modular and it has three sub modules: SCREEN, DESIGN, and OPTIMIZE. The screening module combines pre-stimulation production performance data, geological and reservoir data to match a well to one of four stimulation operations, namely, hydraulic fracturing, matrix acidizing, acid fracturing and recompletion. In the second module, the design of the stimulation operation selected from the screening module is performed. The program uses widely - accepted equations and correlations to design hydraulic fracturing, matrix acidizing, acid-fracturing and recompletion. In the optimization module, analytical decline curve and economic discounting techniques are used to predict the production profile after the stimulation operation, and to determine the time value of money and production. The optimization model combines the reservoir and economic data to determine the optimal well stimulation strategy.
The constraints of the optimization model, include those imposed by the reservoir, the production facilities, operating costs, and operating budget of the field. Program development and validation procedures, and the application to field data are presented in the paper.
A Multiple Purpose Application for the Solution of Petroleum Industry Problems Using Microcomputers
Authors: Whitney J. A. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Apple Computer, Inc.'s software package, HyperCard™, which runs on Macintosh™ microcomputers, is a multiple purpose "application" that can be used for the solution of petroleum industry problems. These problems can encompass not only the engineering area, but also other tasks that occur in the industry.
Vertical Expansion Program Monitoring: Technical and Design Considerations of PC Data Collection Used With Mainframe Plot and Report Capabilities
Authors: Young A. T. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
The use of a mainframe-based application with a PC-based data capture "front end" is discussed as a viable production analysis tool utilizing the large volume of data now available on two Chevron U.S.A. fields with wells completed in multiple zones. The technical and design considerations encountered during the development of this application can be applied to a variety of petroleum industry data processing problems where data capture is desired from remote or non-company sources.
This application was designed to make effective use of available manpower as well as the company's extensive mainframe resources for generating the desired reports and plots. These issues are discussed, as they relate to the application's design objectives and expected performance.
As of the manuscript date, much of this application is still under development. Evaluation of the design chosen will necessarily continue through development into the application's productive use.
Trials and Tribulations of Installing a Local-Area Network
Authors: Merchant M. A. , Zamora M. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
For many, the advent of the Local-Area Network (LAN) has brought with it the promise of improved productivity, shared peripherals, common databases, distributed processing, simplified software distribution, better communications, instant access to computer resources - all at rock-bottom prices and from inception to implementation in a matter of months or even weeks. No doubt these expectations can be satisfied, but it certainly is not as easy and straight-forward as some vendors and computer gurus would have us believe. We know.
We installed a LAN to replace a superminicomputer, time-sharing system used primarily for engineering, word-processing and telecommunications. The project was successful, yes, but not without a host of trials and tribulations.
Study on Pore Structure for Waterflooding Sandstone Reservoir in Xinlongtai Oil Field
Authors: Yulong Wang , Zhongren Niu 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
For the purpose of improving water flooding development after a high - water-cut period, a classification of reservoir pore structures is presented in this paper based on the practice of Xinglongtai Oil field. Meanwhile. the relationship among depositional facies. diagenesis and pore structure is discussed. The pore structure is closely linked with depositional facies and petrophysics, showing the characteristics of getting worse m uniformity of pore throats along with improving rock properties as the effect of depositional conditions and diagenesis. Pore structure is critical to the vertical and horizontal water washing efficiency. Thus- the study on pore structures would be an important subject in improving water washing efficiency and mobilizing the remaining oil potential of pay zones during the middle and late periods of development.
Some Techniques For Outlining The Size Of Oil (Gas) Reservoirs In Evaluation Stage
Authors: Zhang Zhisong 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
Early identification of reservoir size can be made by a minimum number of exploratory and appraisal wells. A differential analysis method is described where logging data are used to distinguish the oil, gas and water bearing zones in the stages of exploration and early evaluation. Examples are also given to illustrate the use of stratigraphic correlation and regional fluid pressure analysis for this purpose.
Cluster Drilling Technology in Damintun Oil Field
Authors: Zhiying Ouyang , Suru Lu 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
The cluster drilling technology, as an important part of development and construction of Damintun high pour point oilfield, plays a significant role. It has overcome various difficulties caused by around conditions, reduced ground area used in oilfield, simplified the construction or the facilities, cut down the \ill\ of heat and electrical energy, reduced total investment for oilfield construction. Therefore, it accelerated ihe oilfield construction greatly.
A complete set of drilling techniques used in this oilfield are advanced in te-chnology, successful in operation, and a pioneer for developing high pour point oil fields in China. First, it solved various problems in general planning and design or development of fault multiple resèrvoires with cluster drilling firstly in China. At the same time, it obtained a significant benefit. For example, 17 wells were drilled on No. 10 pad in Damintun Oilfield: one vertical well and sixteen directional wells. By comparison with B platform of Chengbei Oilfield in Bohai drilled by Japan Drilling Company (JDC) in 1984, the technical level in design and well path control is nearly the same. Its success shows that we have had the ability to drill concentrated wells on pad with our own techniques. Second, new techniques such us new drilling fluid of high quality, low density slurry, proper well program, near-balance pressure drilling, optimizing parameters and, high pressure jet drilling, prevention and disposal of drilling troubles, detection control and data processing are comprehensively used in drilling, and a complete set of cluster drilling technology for producing high pour point oil and preventing formation damage in Damintun Oilfield are developed.
Directional Drilling Technology with the Parabola Method
Authors: Weian Gong 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
This paper describes the general theory and method of calculating drag force while tripping in directional wells. The application of the theory has demonstrated that the drag force created in the quadratic parabola trajectory while tripping is smaller than that of the catenary path no matter whether the dead weight of drill string is considered or not. Based on the analysis of the approximation of catenary equation, the changeability and uncontroliability of the downhole horizontal tension, and randomness of the design, it is believed that the theoretical trajectory of catenary path does not coincide with the actual drill string catenary trajectory in a well, and thus the expected results can not be obtained. The degree of difficulty in drilling, completion, production and some other downhole operations is compared between the two trajectories. It is concluded that the directional wells with quadratic parabola trajectory offer more advantages than those with catenary path.
Sand Control Technology with Plastic Pre-Coated Sand Grain
Authors: Chengqui Fan 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
Sand control with plastic pre-coated sand is an important improvement of the technology of chemical sand control. Gravel particles are covered with half cured Phenolic resin to prevent adhering of shaped particles. On the well site, the free flowing particules are transported by sand carrying fluid to the formation to be treated-Under the action of the formation temperature, the particles covered with resin can be bonded by themselves to form a barrier during oil production. The plastic pre-coated sand presently used is only suitable for formation temperature above 60 °C. For the oil wells with formation temperature below 60 °C, the curing time is longer and the bond strength is smaller. The field test in Dagang oilfield of China shows that not only the problems encountered during previous chemical sand control operation can be solved, but also the success rate is improved. For the wells tested, the oil production is generally restored, and less sand flushing is required, making continuous and normal production of the oil wells possible.
Application and Development of Profile Modification Techniques in Water Injection Wells
Authors: Yuxiang Li 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
In a multilayer heterogeneous oil reservoir developed and exploited by water flooding, most of the remanant oil is distributed in the unflushed part of the developed reservoir. Improvement of the conformance factor and the displacement efficiency should be the main EOR technique. Profile modification in an injection well is an effective technique in the improvement of the volumetric sweep efficiency of the water flooding.
This paper gives a summary of the application of the profile modification technique in the injection wells in Chinese oil fields and its further development. Some examples on the effectiveness of this technique are presented and analyzed.
Unconventional Well Control Techniques
Authors: Junfang Hao , Kai Liu 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
Complicated well control problems could be divided into two categories: the conventional well control method in which the bottom hole pressure can always be kept equal to the formation pressure during the killing operations and \ill\ the unconventional method in which the pressure can not be in equilibrium with the formation pressure. Three kinds of unconventional well control methods: low choke pressure method, killing an empty well and killing a blowout well are discussed in this paper. The formation, borehole and wellhead are considered as a communicating system, in which the three are influenced and restrained by each other. Based on reservoir gas filtration mechanism in steady and unsteady states, the basic principles of unconventional well control have been studied, and the related mathematical models and calculating methods have been established. The calculation results, have been compared and checked with laboratory experiments and field data(1).
A Standardized Method Of Monitoring Water Quality In Sub-Surface Injection Systems
Authors: Bilhartz Harrell L. 
Published: December 2007

American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers, Inc.

Abstract
A method of programmed data acquisition is presented to help non-specialist engineers monitor water quality. Field tests, sample collection, laboratory procedures and methods of data presentation are standardized. Specifically, a series of profile plots are prepared from which engineers "read-out" pertinent features of plant performance and water quality. The direct "read-out" procedure, after nominal practice, is relatively simple. In many respects, it may be compared with qualitative log interpretation.
A manual for using the Standard Data Package is also presented. Included are "rules of thumb" and other empirically derived "yardsticks" covering several important parameters.

Introduction
The increasing importance of salt water handling, either in disposal or waterflood operations, has demanded development of better methods. A full understanding of basic parameters is fundamental to creating the best plant design and to determining the most effective operating practices. Toward this end various methods have been proposed to define "water quality", diagnose problems, predict potential problems and ultimately, to use these technical method to maximize operating efficiency.
It is a major purpose of this paper to present a standardized method of programmed data acquisition that lends itself to direct measurement of water quality by non-specialist engineers. The heart of the program is the collection and preparation of a "Standard Data Package". While involving a comprehensive technical investigation, the interpretation process is simplified so that unusual technical skills are not often required.
Specifically, a standardized format is proposed whereby engineers can inspect a series of charts and "read-out" pertinent features of an injection system's performance. While the "read-out" process appears quite simple, the individual is in effect solving partial chemical material balance calculations that logically lead to sound engineering conclusions.
The standardized plan is readily adaptable to regular surveillance of water systems. After an initial comprehensive study, data acquisition can be programmed in advance so that attention is focused on an operation at regular intervals. Comparison of standard charts of succeeding studies is done by inspection. Likewise, with all procedures standardized, results between studies of different projects can be directly compared.

BASIC CONCEPT
The proposed plan of water quality control can be illustrated by noting the physical similarity of water injection systems and chemical manufacturing plants. Both convert raw material to finished products. Either may be simple or highly complex. Systematic collection of basic in-put and out-put data is recognized as a requirement for efficient operation of a manufacturing plant.