bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electroacupuncture inhibited neuronal apoptosis through PGAM5/FUNDC1-dependent mitophagy after ischemic stroke
Authors: Zhou Li , Peng Yicheng , Zhou Mei , Wu Danli , Zhang Chengcai , Yang Xichen , Cun YongDan , Zhang Simei , Chen Na , Ning Rong , Jin Yaju , Wang Zuhong , Zhang Pengyue 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Neuronal apoptosis persists throughout ischemic stroke and leads to massive neuron loss, which severely hampers the recovery of neurological function. Clinical evidence has confirmed that EA effectively improves neurological function after stroke, but the undergoing mechanism still needs to be fully clarified. In this study we found that apoptosis and autophagy were activated after ischemic stroke, howerver EA further upregulated autophagy and inhibit neuronal apoptosis. Furthermore, the neuroprotective effect of EA was associated with the activation of mitophagy. Mechanistically, EA upregulated the expression of PGAM5 to promote FUNDC1 dephosphorylation, and then enhanced the affinity of FUNDC1 with LC3, ultimately activating PGAM5/FUNDC1-dependent mitophagy. Enhanced mitochondrial autophagy reduced the release of ROS and Cytc from damaged mitochondria, inhibited the activation of Caspase3 and subsequent neuronal apoptosis. Meanwhile, it also upregulated the level of FUNDC1 and further promoted mitophagy through the PGAM5/FUNDC1 pathway. Notably, inhibition of mitophagy by lateral ventricle injection of 3-MA significantly reversed the neuroprotective effect of EA. In summary, activating mitophagy by EA to inhibit neuronal apoptosis is a potential mechanism in post-stroke neurorepair.
AUG exhibits the strongest pulse intensity within the ribosomal decoding site
Authors: Bayles Brenda K. Krkosska , Heckert Charles M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Within a messenger RNA (mRNA) are the instructions for building proteins. mRNA provides this information using nucleotides in groups of three, called codons. The ribosome moves along the mRNA and reads each codon within the ribosomal decoding site. Once the codon with nucleotides AUG appears in the decoding site, protein synthesis begins. The corresponding transfer RNA (tRNA) then brings the correct protein to the ribosome. What motion is occurring within the decoding site as AUG begins this translation process? Here we show codons interacting with the decoding site’s moving parts, flippers A1492 and A1493. Using an equation for motion, both the codons and the decoding site have numbers applied to them that are closely associated with a Pulse Grading Scale (PGS). This scale is used to grade the intensity (strength) of pulsations such as those found in the wrist, the heart, and other places within a biological system. Cells in these pulsing places also contain ribosomes that are reading mRNA. Therefore, pulsing is happening during translation. When accounting for velocities, variable constants, molar masses, and acceleration and deceleration, AUG is the mRNA codon creating the strongest level of pulse strength within the ribosomal decoding site.
Genome-wide mendelian randomization reveals causal effects of modifiable risk factors on inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Zhu Weixiong , Fan Chuanlei , Yang Zengxi , Zhou Wence 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background:
The timely recognition of risk factors assumes paramount importance in the prevention of IBD. Our objective is to elucidate the relationship between risk factors and IBD risk.
Methods:
To investigate the associations between 24 modifiable risk factors and IBD, a combination of univariate and multivariate MR analysis methods was employed. The final outcomes were assessed through a comprehensive analysis of three large independent GWAS.
To mitigate confounding biases, we conducted univariate MR analysis for each individual factor. Multivariate MR analysis was performed within each group to account for the influence of multiple factors simultaneously.
Results:
RA, asthma, the intake of cheese spread, carotene, and college or university degree were negatively associated with IBD risk. MS, PSC, AS, alcohol consumption, gut microbiota abundance, smoking, and sweet intake exhibited positive correlation with IBD risk. Type 2 diabetes, omega-3 fatty acids were correlated with reduced IBD risk. Total testosterone levels and albumin exhibited associations with IBD risk. Primary hypertension, body fat percentage, and whole-body fat mass suggested increased IBD risk. Three large-scale GWAS independently confirmed that gut microbiota abundance, primary hypertension, MS, PSC, AS, whole-body fat mass, and body fat percentage exhibited stronger associations with IBD risk. Conversely, omega-3 fatty acids, RA, asthma, type 2 diabetes, and attainment of a college or university degree were related to decreased IBD risk.
Conclusions:
Such robust evidence has the potential to inform preventive measures for IBD and, notably, illuminate pathways for future research endeavors.
Notch signalling plays a role in patterning the ventral mesoderm during early embryogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Megaly Marvel , Foran Gregory , Ali Arsala , Turgambayeva Anel , Hallam Ryan D. , Liang Ping , Necakov Aleksandar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Notch signaling is a critical regulator of multiple developmental processes through its ability to control gene expression, and thereby influence cell fate specification and cell proliferation, through direct cell-cell communication. Although Notch signalling has been implicated in myogenesis during late embryogenesis, the role of Notch signalling in early mesoderm development has been largely unexplored. Endocytosis of the Notch ligand Delta and the Notch receptor extracellular domain, a critical step in Notch pathway activation, has been extensively observed in the ventral mesoderm of the early Drosophila embryo, indicating a potential for Notch signalling activity in this early germ layer. Here we present evidence that genes critical to mesoderm development require and are responsive to Notch signalling activity. Using a novel light-inducible Optogenetic variant of the Notch intracellular domain (OptoNotch), which affords precise spatial and temporal control over ectopic activation of Notch signalling. Using a combination of high-resolution fluorescent RNA in situ hybridization and qPCR, we identified a set of mesodermal genes that are directly regulated by Notch signalling. We also provide evidence that Notch signalling indirectly regulates the dorsal-ventral patterning program mediated by the Toll signalling pathway through the Dorsal/ Twist/ Snail network. Our findings demonstrate that Notch signalling regulates ventral mesoderm patterning and is critical for establishing the mesoderm-mesectoderm-ectoderm boundary by regulating gene expression patterns and providing negative feedback on the upstream patterning network.
Unveiling Coronary Heart Disease Prediction through Machine Learning Techniques: Insights from the Suita Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Vu Thien , Kokubo Yoshihiro , Inoue Mai , Yamamoto Masaki , Mohsen Attayeb , Martin-Morales Agustin , Dawadi Research , Inoue Takao , Ting Tay Jie , Yoshizaki Mari , Watanabe Naoki , Kuriya Yuki , Matsumoto Chisa , Arafa Ahmed , Nakao Yoko M , Kato Yuka , Teramoto Masayuki , Araki Michihiro 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

We leveraged machine learning (ML) techniques, namely logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and LightGBM to predict coronary heart disease (CHD) and identify the key risk factors involved. Based on the Suita study, 7672 men and women aged 30 to 84 years without cardiovascular disease were recruited from 1989 to 1999, in Suita City, Osaka, Japan. Over an average period of 15 years, participants were diligently monitored until the onset of their initial cardiovascular event or relocation. CHD diagnoses encompassed primary heart attacks, sudden death, or coronary artery disease with bypass surgery or intervention. RF achieved the highest AUC (95% CI) of 0.79 (0.70–0.87), outperforming LR, SVM, XGBoost, and LightGBM. Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) on the best model identified the top CHD predictors. Notably, systolic blood pressure, non-HDL-c, glucose levels, age, metabolic syndrome, HDL-c, estimated glomerular filtration rate, hypertension, elbow joint thickness, and diastolic blood pressure were key contributors. Remarkably, elbow joint thickness was identified as a previously unrecognized risk factor associated with CHD. These findings indicated that ML methods accurately predict incident CHD risk. Additionally, ML has identified new incident CHD risk variables.
Integrated multi-omics profiling to dissect the development of second primary lung cancer in laryngeal cancer
Authors: Xu Fengfeng , Huang tengfei , zhang jinchan , zhang meiqing , quan lin , chen shiyan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective: Laryngeal cancer is a prevalent form of malignant tumor that often leads to death as a result of the development of a second primary lung cancer. Previous studies have not examined the relationship between these two types of cancer. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the causal mechanism behind the development of second primary lung cancer in individuals with laryngeal cancer using multi-omics approaches.
Methods: The datasets for laryngeal cancer (GSE51985) and lung cancer (GSE102287) were obtained from the GEO. Different genes were performed using the 'limma' package, followed by construction of the PPI network. Enrichment analysis was conducted using the DAVID, and the NetworkAnalst was utilized to establish transcription factor-miRNA and gene interactions. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis (ROC analysis) was performed using SPSS to plot the area under the curve (AUC). Bacterial lipopolysaccharide-related genes were obtained from the CTD, and relevant genes were screened for metabolic analysis. Additionally, the GSE150321 and GSE127471 datasets from the GEO were used for single-cell RNA analysis and metabolic analysis. Finally, the 'Cibersort' package was employed to assess the infiltration status of 22 different immune cells.
Results: The study found that laryngeal and lung cancers showed higher expression of UBE2C, POLQ, RAD51, and HOXB7, while lower expression was observed for EDNRB, GPD1L, F10, SORBS2, and CXCL12. These genes were mainly enriched in Pathways in cancer, which are closely associated with the cell cycle. Additionally, the study identified 120 TFs and 246 miRNAs that coordinated these shared genes. These genes have potential as diagnostic markers for laryngeal and lung cancers. Metabolic analysis of CXCL12 revealed involvement in inositol phosphate metabolism. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing analysis demonstrated that intermediate monocytes in lung cancer exhibited greater activity and expression of components compared to other cells. However, there was no significant difference in CXCL12-mediated inositol phosphate metabolism in laryngeal cancer. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed a higher proportion of macrophages in laryngeal and lung cancer tissues compared to non-tumor tissues.
Conclusion: We found that gene mutations, transcription factors, and miRNA coordination play a crucial role in this process. Additionally, we found that the cell and immune cells present in the tissues of laryngeal cancer patients contribute to the metabolism of inositol phosphate metabolism, thereby promoting the occurrence of lung cancer.
Correlates of stocking naloxone: A cross sectional survey of community pharmacists
Authors: Laing Rose , Xia Ting , Grist Elizabeth , Dostal Jana , Nielsen Suzanne , Picco Louisa 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Provision of take-home naloxone (THN) and overdose education reduces opioid-related mortality. In Australia, from July 2022, all Australian community pharmacies were eligible to supply naloxone for free through the national Take Home Naloxone Program. This study aims to identify naloxone stocking rates and correlates of stocking naloxone across Australian pharmacies.
Method:
Data was collected from a representative sample of Australian pharmacists in Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland and Western Australia via an online survey. Data collected included pharmacy and pharmacist characteristics and services offered within the pharmacy, including needle and syringe programs, opioid agonist treatment (OAT) and stocking naloxone. Binary probit regression analysis was used to identify correlates of stocking naloxone after controlling for key covariates.
Results:
Data from 530 pharmacists were analysed. In total, 321 pharmacies (60.6%) reported stocking naloxone. Chain and banner pharmacies and pharmacies that provided OAT had a greater probability of stocking naloxone (B = 0.307, 95%CI: [0.057, 0.556], and B = 0.543, 95%CI: [0.308, 0.777] respectively). Most (61.7%) pharmacists felt comfortable discussing overdose prevention with patients who use prescription opioids, and this comfort was associated with a higher probability of stocking naloxone (B = 0.392, 95%CI: 0.128, 0.655). Comfort discussing overdose prevention with people who use illicit opioids was lower (49.4%) and was not associated with stocking naloxone.
Conclusion:
There is scope to increase stocking of naloxone and comfort with overdose prevention, particularly through addressing comfort working with higher risk groups such as people who use illicit opioids.
Public financial management through the prism of UK fiscal policy of 2010-2023
Authors: Shavshukov Viacheslav M. , Verstina Natalia G. , Zhuravleva Natalia A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The study is devoted to the methodological substantiation of fiscal regulation and management instruments in UK macroeconomic policies. UK fiscal policy of 2010–2023 was analyzed. The result of the study is a methodological substantiation of the main directions of fiscal policy. (1) The public debt problem can be resolved through real fiscal consolidation and lowering rates while maintaining the tax base. (2) The prevention of contradictions between monetary, tax, and budget policies has been justified. An alternative is a possibility and necessity of sequestering budget expenditures to reduce public debt as a matter of priority. (3) Markets show that simultaneous tax and budget shocks are unacceptable instead of coordinating fiscal and monetary policies. (4) Based on regression analysis, interrelations between TTCR and the main macroeconomic indicators of the UK were revealed. Statistically significant dependencies between TTCR and GDP growth, quality of life, and labour productivity were confirmed.
Human Bocavirus Circulating in Patients With Acute Gastroenteritis in Taiwan, 2018-2022
Authors: Yu Ya-Chun , Chiu Shu-Chun , Liao Ling-Min , Chen Yu-Hua , Lu Yu-An , Lin Jih-Hui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Human Bocavirus (HBoV) has been identified as a viral agent with a global presence, especially in young patients with gastrointestinal infections. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the epidemiological patterns of the HBoV genotypes associated with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in Taiwan. A total of 2,994 AGE fecal samples from several diarrhea outbreaks from 2018 to 2022 were analyzed. Of them, 73 positive samples were detected in 3 different HBoV genotypes, 30 (41.1%) were from HBoV1, 37 (50.7%) were from HBoV2, and 6 (8.2%) were from HBoV3. HBoV1 and HBoV2 were the 2 major epidemic genotypes in Taiwan during the study period and have seasonal distinct patterns with a epidemic peak from October to the following March. Phylogeny reconstruction and evaluation were implemented in Mega 11, the results revealed that most HBoV1 strains in Taiwan appeared to be closely related to those strains from other Asian countries. The HBoV2 exhibited substantial genetic diversity and the HBoV3 genes showed discordance of groups.
Istradefylline Safety Profiles: Examination of Individual Case Safety Reports in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) Database
Authors: Wu Wenhua , Liang Haoxin , Chen Zhengrui , Zhu Shuzhen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide, affecting more than 6 million people annually, and its prevalence is increasing as the population ages. To date, levodopa remains a cornerstone therapy, but prolonged use often leads to complications such as wear-and-tear phenomena and switching phenomena. As an adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, Istradefylline, marketed in the United States after approval in 2019, has emerged as an adjunctive therapy to levodopa, aiming to alleviate motor fluctuations and reduce off periods. In this study, post-marketing adverse event (ADE) data related to Istradefylline for Parkinson's disease were reviewed and analyzed using the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) for clinical safety assessment.
Methods
ADE data linked to Istradefylline were gathered from the fourth quarter of 2019 to the fourth quarter of 2023. After standardizing the data, the analysis will be carried out using a range of signal quantification techniques including Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Multi-item Gamma Poisson Shrinker (MGPS).
Results
In 3872 ADE reports involving Istradefylline as the primary suspected drug, 65 Preferred Terms (PTs) for adverse reactions were identified, covering 21 different System Organ Classifications (SOCs). Specifically, neurological disorders and psychiatric disorders were the most common Adverse Events (AEs) associated with Istradefylline, both in terms of frequency of occurrence and signal intensity. All of the aforementioned effects are documented in the official drug insert. Among the top 30 PTs in terms of signal intensity, 4 were linked to neurological disorders, 16 to psychiatric disorders, general disorders, administration site conditions, and metabolism and nutrition disorders. The most frequently reported AEs are the most common. The top 3 AEs reported were Parkinsonism Hyperpyrexia Syndrome (PHS), dyskinesia, and sleep talking, in that order. Some PTs were not described in the specification, such as sleep talking, fear of falling, somnambulism, PHS, among others.
Conclusions
Istradefylline demonstrates therapeutic advantages despite the potential occurrence of diverse adverse reactions. In clinical settings, it is imperative for healthcare professionals to vigilantly observe patients for the onset of neurological and psychiatric conditions, as well as other related events.
An evaluation of Oral Surgery referrals to aid development of an integrated service in Southwest England
Authors: Gradwell Nicola , Fleming Carla , Bell Christopher , Gormley Mark 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction: There has been an increase in the number of Oral Surgery referrals from primary to secondary care over recent years which has resulted in increased waiting times for patients. A National Institute for Health and Care Research study suggests that two-thirds of patients referred to secondary care for Oral Surgery procedures could be treated in primary care by dentists with enhanced skills (i.e., Level 2).

Aims: This study aims to assess the proportion of inappropriate referrals to specialist services at Bristol Dental Hospital and to describe the patient demographic to help inform the development of an integrated Oral Surgery service in Southwest England.

Materials and Methods: A random sample of 100 written referrals to the Oral Surgery department at BDH were prospectively analysed over a six-week period. Multiple variables were collected to understand the referral content, including the complexity of the treatment requested (Level 1, 2 or 3), patient and referrer locations.

Results: Of the 100 referrals, 94 were included in the analysis. 17% of referrals were determined to be of Level 1 complexity, 35% were Level 2 and 48% Level 3. Therefore, 83% of referrals were deemed appropriate and 17% inappropriate for referral to specialist services. However, almost half (52%) of these referrals (i.e., Level 1 and 2 cases) could have been treated in primary care. Many referrals also had missing clinical details or unacceptable quality radiographs.

Conclusion: A significant proportion of referrals to specialist services could potentially be completed in primary care by dentists with enhanced skills, but this was under two-thirds as suggested in previous studies. Our findings support the need for an integrated and effective Oral Surgery Managed Clinical Network in Southwest England, which could reduce the burden on secondary care, reduce waiting list times and improve access for patients. An electronic referral management system could also improve the quality of information provided on referrals.
Effect of ion anisotropy pressure in viscous plasmas: Evolution of shock waves
Authors: Pradhan Balaram , Boro Birbaishri , Dev Apul N. , Manafian Jalil , Alkaderf Naief Alabed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In this work, we have examined the propagation of nonlinear electrostatic shock waves in an anisotropically pressured magnetised plasma including positive and negative ions, trapped electrons, and positrons. Using a reductive perturbation technique, the trapped Zakharov-Kuznetsov Burger (TZK-B) equation is generated for nonlinear analysis. We study and debate the effects of positron and electron trapping on shock structure. Additionally, the influence of an external magnetic field and an anisotropic pressure on shock waves for both positive and negative ions is thoroughly discussed. It has been shown that the amplitude and magnitude of the shock wave are affected by changes in the bulk viscosity and kinematics viscosity for both ions.
Cardiac type total anomalous pulmonary venous return: an unusual cause of neonatal pulmonary hypertension: a rare case report and literature review
Authors: Almohamed Ahmad , Almhamad Ebrahim , Takkem Saleh , Sleiay Mouhammed , Alaswad Mohammed , Qatza Ayham , Albakkour Heyam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background:
The condition known as total anomalous pulmonary venous return, or TAPVR, arises when the primitive connections between the pulmonary veins and the cardinal systemic veins survive, making it impossible for the common pulmonary veins to link to the left atrium.
It is a subset of congenital heart defects that range from 1 to 5%.
Case presentation: in our case, After 12 hours after parturition, a 48-hour-old male infant was brought to the hospital with dyspnea, a systolic murmur, and cyanosis.Right bundle branch block (RBBB), sinus tachycardia, and right cardiac axis deviation are all recorded on an electrocardiogram. An abnormal pulmonary venous return was seen as a result of the pulmonary veins' blockage, which was demonstrated to empty into a confluence that drained straight into the coronary sinus. Blood is immediately drained into the coronary sinus (CS) by the pulmonary venous confluence (PVC), which also connects with it.
Conclusion:TAVPR is a rare congenital heart anomaly. Among the four types reported in medical literature, the combined form is the least common. A comprehensive comprehension of the anatomy and drainage site is essential to guide the medical practitioner and surgical team toward accurate procedural performance.