bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autoantibodies in autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type I patients react with major brain neurotransmitter systems
Authors: Fetissov Sergueï O. , Bensing Sophie , Mulder Jan , Le Maitre Erwan , Hulting Anna‐Lena , Harkany Tibor , Ekwall Olov , Sköldberg Filip , Husebye Eystein S. , Perheentupa Jaakko , Rorsman Fredrik , Kämpe Olle , Hökfelt Tomas 
Published: January 2009

AbstractPatients with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type I (APS1) often display high titers of autoantibodies (autoAbs) directed against aromatic L‐amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). Neurological symptoms, including stiff‐man syndrome and cerebellar ataxia, can occur in subjects with high levels of GAD autoAbs, particularly when patient sera can immunohistochemically stain γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons. However, it was not known if APS1 sera can also stain major monoamine systems in the brain. Therefore, in this work we applied sera from 17 APS1 patients known to contain autoAbs against AADC, TH, TPH, and/or GAD to rat brain sections and processed the sections according to the sensitive immunohistochemical tyramide signal amplification method. We found that autoAbs in sera from 11 patients were able to stain AADC‐containing dopaminergic, serotonergic, and noradrenergic as well as AADC only (D‐group) neurons and fibers in the rat brain, in several cases with a remarkably high quality and sensitivity (dilution up to 1:1,000,000); and, since they are human antibodies, they offer a good opportunity for performing multiple‐labeling experiments using antibodies from other species. Six APS1 sera also stained GABAergic neuronal circuitries. Similar results were obtained in the mouse and primate brain. Our data demonstrate that many APS1 sera can immunostain the major monoamine and GABA systems in the brain. Only in a few cases, however, there was evidence that these autoAbs can be associated with neurological manifestations in APS1 patients, as,, e.g.,, shown in stiff‐man syndrome. J. Comp. Neurol. 513:1–20, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An investigation of pulsatile flow in a model cavo‐pulmonary vascular system
Authors: Chitra K. , Vengadesan S. , Sundararajan T. , Nithiarasu P. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe complexities in the flow pattern in a cavo‐pulmonary vascular system—after application of the Fontan procedure in the vicinity of the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and the confluence at the T‐junction—are analysed. A characteristic‐based split (CBS) finite element scheme involving the artificial compressibility approach is employed to compute the resulting flow. Benchmarking of the CBS scheme is carried out using standard problems and with the flow features observed in an experimental model with the help of a dye visualization technique in model scale. The transient flow variations in a total cavo‐pulmonary connection (TCPC) under pulsatile conditions are investigated and compared with flow visualization studies. In addition to such qualitative flow investigations, quantitative analysis of energy loss and haemodynamic stresses have also been performed. The comparisons show good agreement between the numerical and experimental flow patterns. The numerically predicted shear stress values indicate that the pulsatile flow condition is likely to be more severe than steady flow, with regard to the long‐term health of the surgically corrected TCPC. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discrepancies of energy values in dynamics of three intersecting plates
Authors: Chróścielewski J. , Witkowski W. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn this paper we discuss the discrepancies between results reported in the literature in the context of dynamics of shell structure composed of three intersecting plates. The shell structure is subjected to a system of spatially uniformly distributed dead loads of prescribed time variation. Once the forces die out, the structure experiences free motion. The comparison of reported solutions from the literature shows that the total energy in free motion has different values, despite the fact that the same material, geometry and loads have been used. The aim of study is to address the issue by referring own results to that known from the literature. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The challenge of mass conservation in the solution of free‐surface flows with the fractional‐step method: Problems and solutions
Authors: Idelsohn Sergio R. , Oñate Eugenio 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to put in evidence that the fractional‐step method (FSM) used to solve the incompressible transient Euler and Navier–Stokes equations for free‐surface flows has a problem inherent to the method that may produce unacceptable variations of the domain volume. A simple modification of the free‐surface boundary term is introduced in order to reduce considerably the volume loss and preserve the computational advantages of the FSM. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The IRG mouse: A two‐color fluorescent reporter for assessing Cre‐mediated recombination and imaging complex cellular relationships in situ
Authors: De Gasperi Rita , Rocher Anne B. , Sosa Miguel A. Gama , Wearne Susan L. , Perez Gissel M. , Friedrich Victor L. , Hof Patrick R. , Elder Gregory A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractFluorescent image of CA1 pyramidal cell layer in the hippocampus of an adult IRG/Nestin‐Cre double transgenic mouse. The new IRG transgenic mouse line expresses DsRed‐Express fluorescent protein but upon cre‐mediated recombination expresses green fluorescent protein. Recombined pyramidal cells are green and non‐recombined blood vessels are red. See the paper by De Gasperi et al. in this issue.
Generation and characterization of Csrp1 enhancer‐driven tissue‐restricted Cre‐recombinase mice
Authors: Snider Paige , Fix Jana L. , Rogers Rhonda , Peabody‐Dowling Goldie , Ingram David , Lilly Brenda , Conway Simon J. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractHistological section showing beta‐galactosidase staining (blue) of embryonic day 12.5 heart from a new cysteine‐rich protein (Cspr1) transgenic mouse strain crossed to the R26R cre reporter mouse. Staining is found specifically in the outflow tract cushions and myocardial cuff. See the paper by Snider et al. in the March 2008 issue.
3,5‐Disubstituted Isoxazolines as Potential Molecular Kits for Liquid‐Crystalline Materials
Authors: Tavares Aline , Schneider Paulo H. , Merlo Aloir A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA collection of 3,5‐disubstituted isoxazolines have been synthesized by 1,3‐dipolar [3+2] cycloaddition reactions. Some isoxazolines were selected and transformed into liquid crystals. These new liquid crystals exhibit nematic and smectic C mesophases. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Sweets for Catalysis – Facile Optimisation of Carbohydrate‐Based Bis(oxazoline) Ligands
Authors: Minuth Tobias , Irmak Mustafa , Groschner Annika , Lehnert Tobias , Boysen Mike M. K. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA new type of carbohydrate‐based bis(oxazoline) ligands was prepared from inexpensive D‐glucosamine and tested in asymmetric cyclopropanation reactions. For optimisation, modified ligands with 3‐O substituents of varying size and electronic properties were prepared as well as a 3‐OH unprotected and a perpivaloylated derivative. All new ligands were tested in asymmetric cyclopropanation, revealing a strong dependence of enantioselectivity on steric demand and electronic properties of the 3‐O residue. Also, a significant influence of the pyranose conformation, which is determined by the presence or absence of the cyclic acetal group, was observed. Thus, it was easily possible to tune the new carbohydrate bis(oxazoline) ligands to a given reaction.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
The application of a novel flame retardant on viscose fiber
Authors: Hu Jiang‐tao , Yao Yong‐nan , Liu Xiu‐sen , Ao Yu‐hui , Zhang Hui‐xuan 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe paper is mainly about a novel organophosphorus flame‐retardant N‐1‐chloroisopropyl alcohol‐3‐dimethylphosphonopropionamide. Dimethyl phosphate, acrylamide and epichlorohydrin were used as raw materials. The mechanisms of synthesis and molecule structure of the flame retardant were discussed. The fiber was treated using the pad‐dry‐cure‐wash method. The limiting oxygen index value of the modified sample was 31%, higher than that of the sample treated with MDPA (Pyrovatex CP). After 50 laundry cycles, it still had some flame retardancy left. Thermogravimetry (TG) and Differentiate TG analyses confirmed that the flame retardant caused fiber to decompose below its ignition temperature and formed carbonaceous residue or char when exposed to fire. The treatment had an obvious effect on the denier of the fiber; the tensile strength of fiber slightly decreased, but that effect could be negligible. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Can CSF biomarkers or pre‐treatment progression rate predict response to cholinesterase inhibitor treatment in Alzheimer's disease?
Authors: Wallin Å. K. , Hansson O. , Blennow K. , Londos E. , Minthon L. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectiveThe main objective of this study was to investigate possible predictors of response to cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) treatment, including pre‐treatment progression rates and levels of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. A secondary objective was to evaluate whether treatment with ChEI changed progression.MethodsOut‐patient individuals (n = 191) with the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease received ChEI treatment and were part of the Swedish Alzheimer Treatment Study (SATS), a prospective, longitudinal, non‐randomised study in a routine clinical setting. Patients were assessed with MMSE, ADAS‐cog and a global rating (CIBIC) at baseline, 2 months and every 6 months for a total period of 3 years. The following potential predictors of treatment response were investigated: age, gender, APOE ε4 carrier, education, duration of disease, cognitive level, pre‐treatment progression rate (in MMSE) and the levels of the CSF biomarkers Aβ42, T‐tau and P‐tau.ResultsFast pre‐treatment progression rate was a predictor of treatment response even after adjusting for baseline severity, another positive predictor of response. Patients in the fastest quartile of pre‐treatment progression rates were significantly more prone to be responders at 2 months (adjusted OR 6.6, p = 0.001) and 6 months (adjusted OR 10.4, p < 0.001) than those in the slowest progressing quartile. Moreover, the linearity of progression was significantly changed by ChEI treatment at 6 months compared to the pre‐treatment period.ConclusionThe rate of pre‐treatment progression was the most consistent positive predictor of ChEI treatment response in the routine clinical setting. The progression rate was significantly changed by ChEI treatment. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increased self‐focus in major depressive disorder is related to neural abnormalities in subcortical‐cortical midline structures
Authors: Grimm Simone , Ernst Jutta , Boesiger Peter , Schuepbach Daniel , Hell Daniel , Boeker Heinz , Northoff Georg 
Published: January 2009

AbstractPatients with major depressive disorder (MDD) often show a tendency to strongly introspect and reflect upon their self, which has been described as increased self‐focus. Although subcortical‐cortical midline structures have been associated with reflection and introspection of oneself in healthy subjects, the neural correlates of the abnormally increased attribution of negative emotions to oneself, i.e. negative self‐attribution, as hallmark of the increased self‐focus in MDD remain unclear. The aim of the study was, therefore, to investigate the neural correlates during judgment of self‐relatedness of positive and negative emotional stimuli thereby testing for emotional self‐attribution. Using fMRI, we investigated 27 acute MDD patients and compared them with 25 healthy subjects employing a paradigm that focused on judgment of self‐relatedness when compared with mere perception of the very same emotional stimuli. Behaviourally, patients with MDD showed significantly higher degrees of self‐relatedness of specifically negative emotional stimuli when compared with healthy subjects. Neurally, patients with MDD showed significantly lower signal intensities in various subcortical and cortical midline regions like the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC), supragenual anterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, ventral striatum (VS), and the dorsomedial thalamus (DMT). Signal changes in the DMPFC correlated with depression severity and hopelessness whereas those in the VS and the DMT were related to judgment of self‐relatedness of negative emotional stimuli. In conclusion, we present first evidence that the abnormally increased negative self‐attribution as hallmark of the increased self‐focus in MDD might be mediated by altered neural activity in subcortical‐cortical midline structures. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Study on heat transfer characteristics of reservoir embedded loop heat pipe (Influence of condenser cooling method on heat transfer characteristics)
Authors: Ishikawa Hiroaki , Nomura Takehide , Ogushi Tetsuro , Noda Hiroyuki , Kawasaki Haruo , Yabe Takahiro 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAs heat generation in satellites increases, securing sufficient radiator panel area is an important problem. Deployable radiators, whose radiator panels are deployed post‐launch in space to increase the effective radiator panel area of the satellite, is becoming an important thermal control technology. A reservoir embedded loop heat pipe (RELHP) is applied to the deployable radiator for a thermal transport device. This paper presents the heat transport dynamic characteristics of a RELHP using a radiant cooling condenser and liquid forced convection cooling condenser by an experimental study. It was found that heat leak into the liquid line, flexible line, and reservoir increases the length of the sub‐cooling region in the condenser. In the case of the radiant cooling condenser, the sub‐cooling region length is shorter than that of a liquid forced convection cooling condenser. Furthermore, vapor temperature is mainly decided by the radiation capacity of the radiator panel, because liquid temperature returned into the evaporator rises with an increase in radiator panel temperature. In addition, time length from start‐up until steady state is greater than the liquid forced convection cooling condenser case, because the radiator panel has a large heat capacity. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20229
Analysis of flow and heat transfer in evaporator porous wicking structure of a flat heat pipe
Authors: Hu Congxiang , Peng Xiaofeng 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWith a specified pressure distribution, an analytical investigation was conducted to explore the flow and heat transfer characteristics in an evaporator porous wicking structure of a flat heat pipe. The boundary effect on the flow rate is more significant than the inertia, and both the boundary and inertia effects exert very little influence on fluid layer thickness and velocity distribution. The bottom of the porous layer is at a quite uniform temperature, and the heat flux is almost normal to the solid boundary. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20237
Mechanism research of convective condensation heat transfer for a gas mixture flowing over a horizontal tube
Authors: Jia Li , Wu Dongmei , Qi Wei 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe modified film model combined with Nusselt's condensation theory are used for the study of convective condensation heat transfer on a horizontal tube with moist mixed horizontal gas flows at a given speed. A theoretical model considering gas boundary layer separation was set up. The liquid film flows and the heat transfer on the tube are presented. The effects of the flow direction on condensation heat transfer are discussed. The results predict that the condensate film is so thin that the liquid phase heat resistance can be ignored. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20238
Estrogen receptor β‐mediated nuclear interaction between IRS‐1 and Rad51 inhibits homologous recombination directed DNA repair in medulloblastoma
Authors: Urbanska Katarzyna , Pannizzo Paola , Lassak Adam , Gualco Elisa , Surmacz Eva , Croul Sidney , Del Valle Luis , Khalili Kamel , Reiss Krzysztof 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn medulloblastomas, which are highly malignant cerebellar tumors of the childhood genotoxic treatments such as cisplatin or γ‐irradiation are frequently associated with DNA damage, which often associates with unfaithful DNA repair, selection of new adaptations and possibly tumor recurrences. Therefore, better understanding of molecular mechanisms which control DNA repair fidelity upon DNA damage is a critical task. Here we demonstrate for the first time that estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) can contribute to the development of genomic instability in medulloblastomas. Specifically, ERβ was found highly expressed and active in mouse and human medulloblastoma cell lines. Nuclear ERβ was also present in human medulloblastoma clinical samples. Expression of ERβ coincided with nuclear translocation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS‐1), which was previously reported to interfere with the faithful component of DNA repair when translocated to the nucleus. We demonstrated that ERβ and IRS‐1 bind each other, and the interaction involves C‐terminal domain of IRS‐1 (aa 931–1233). Following cisplatin‐induced DNA damage, nuclear IRS‐1 localized at the sites of damaged DNA, and interacted with Rad51—an enzymatic component of homologous recombination directed DNA repair (HRR). In medulloblastoma cells, engineered to express HRR‐DNA reporter plasmid, ER antagonist, ICI 182,780, or IRS mutant (931–1233) significantly increased DNA repair fidelity. These data strongly suggest that both molecular and pharmacological interventions are capable of preventing ERβ‐mediated IRS‐1 nuclear translocation, which in turn improves DNA repair fidelity and possibly counteracts accumulation of malignant mutations in actively growing medulloblastomas. J. Cell. Physiol. 219: 392–401, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Geographic variation in otolith morphology among freshwater populations of Aphanius dispar (Teleostei, Cyprinodontiformes) from the southeastern Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Reichenbacher Bettina , Feulner Gary R. , Schulz‐Mirbach Tanja 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAphanius Nardo is a large genus of teleost fishes in the Old World, with 19 described species. Several of these species have only recently been recognized and additional species can be expected from isolated populations in remote areas. We show here that otolith morphology and statistical analyses of otolith variables can contribute to the detection of genetic differentiation in Aphanius. We studied samples of eight Aphanius dispar populations from the southeastern part of the Arabian Peninsula. Two populations originate from freshwater habitats far inland and probably have been isolated since the late Holocene some 4,000 years ago, three populations come from freshwater habitats with occasional connections to the sea, one population originates from a coastal site, and two were artificially introduced populations. The coastal population is interpreted as possessing the basic otolith type of A. dispar. The basic otolith type also occurs in fishes from the freshwater habitat which is located closest to the coast. Otoliths from the two other freshwater populations with occasional connections to the coast differ slightly from the basic type. However, the two populations from the long‐term isolated freshwater habitats far inland show distinct morphological changes. Our results are consistent with the hypotheses that i) otolith morphology is primarily genetically determined and is little influenced by physical parameters of the habitat, and ii) isolated A. dispar populations may be capable of evolving into new species within short periods of time. J. Morphol., 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chondrogenesis and homology of the visceral skeleton in the little skate, Leucoraja erinacea (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea)
Authors: Gillis J. Andrew , Dahn Randall D. , Shubin Neil H. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractChondrichthyan fishes possess visceral skeletons that differ considerably, morphologically, from those of their sister taxon, the osteichthyans. Here, we use histological techniques and whole‐mount skeletal preparations to visualize and describe the sequence of visceral skeletal condensation and chondrogenesis in a chondrichthyan, the little skate (Leucoraja erinacea). We demonstrate that visceral skeletal condensation begins rostrally, with the mandibular arch, and progresses caudally with the hyoid arch and posterior branchial arches condensing soon after. We provide a detailed account of the condensation and chondrogenesis of all major components of the L. erinacea visceral skeleton and discuss these data in the context of what is known from classical descriptions of chondrichthyan visceral skeletal development. Significant differences exist between the hypobranchial and basibranchial skeleton of L. erinacea and other chondrichthyan species, and the possible evolutionary and developmental significance of this is considered. We discuss the homology of the chondrichthyan hyoid arch and, based on patterns of mesenchymal condensation, we propose a model of condensation splitting and diversification that may account for the morphological diversification of gnathostome branchial arch derivatives. Finally, we suggest that the unique presence of certain visceral skeletal elements in chondrichthyans make oviparous chondrichthyans an ideal system for addressing questions of endoskeletal axial patterning during development. J. Morphol., 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tension patterns of the anteromedial and posterolateral grafts in a double‐bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Wu Changfu , Noorani Sabrina , Vercillo Fabio , Woo Savio L‐Y. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe two functional bundles of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), namely, the anteromedial (AM) and posterolateral (PL) bundles, must work in concert to control displacement of the tibia relative to the femur for complex motions. Thus, the replacement graft(s) for a torn ACL should possess similar tension patterns. The objective of the study was to examine whether a double‐bundle ACL reconstruction with the semitendinosus‐gracilis autografts could replicate the tension patterns of those for the intact ACL under controlled in vitro loading conditions. By means of a robotic/universal force moment sensor (UFS) testing system, the in situ force vectors (both magnitude and direction) for the AM and PL bundles of the ACL, as well as their respective replacement grafts, were determined and compared on nine human cadaveric knees. It was found that double‐bundle ACL reconstruction could closely replicate the in situ force vectors. Under a 134‐N anterior tibial load, the resultant force vectors for the intact ACL and the reconstructed ACL had a difference of 5 to 11 N (p > 0.05) in magnitude and 1 to 13° (p > 0.05) in direction. Whereas, under combined rotatory loads of 10‐N‐m valgus and 5‐N‐m internal tibial torques, the corresponding differences were 10 to 16 N and 4° to 11°, respectively. Again, there were no statistically significant differences except at 30° of flexion where the force vector for the AM graft had a 15° (p < 0.05) lower elevation angle than did the AM bundle. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27: 879–884, 2009