bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and cytological changes in mucinous obstruction diagnosed by dacryoendoscopy
Authors: Kim Doah , Lew Helen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo analyze the clinical characteristics of mucinous obstruction diagnosed by dacryoendoscopy and compared the cytological changes with membranous obstruction using a modified liquid-based thin prep cytology method. A retrospective chart review was conducted on 53 eyes of 51 patients with mucus obstruction based on dacryoendoscopic findings from January 2022 to October 2022. Liquid-based thin-prep cytology was performed by irrigating the inside of the nasolacrimal drainage system with saline during dacryoendoscopy-guided silicone tube intubation. Pathological findings were analyzed through a comparison of mucinous obstruction with membranous obstruction as determined by dacryoendoscopic findings. The modified liquid-based thin prep cytology technique had a higher cytology detection rate across all cases. Mucinous obstruction exhibited a significantly higher number of successful canalicular irrigation test cases compared to membranous obstruction. In mucinous obstruction, epithelial squamous cells were more frequently detected in pre-sac obstruction, whereas columnar epithelial cells were predominant in post-sac obstruction. Inflammatory cells showed a stronger correlation with primary change and post-sac obstruction. Bacterial colonies were observed exclusively in cases of mucinous obstruction. The use of a modified liquid-based thin prep cytology method enables the examination of histopathological changes in the lacrimal passage in primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO), particularly in cases of mucinous obstruction, without the need for invasive biopsies. These findings enhance the understanding of the etiopathogenesis of mucinous obstruction, complementing knowledge of membranous obstruction in PANDO.
Coprophagia in early life tunes expression of immune genes after weaning in rabbit ileum
Authors: Cauquil L. , Beaumont M. , Schmaltz-Panneau B. , Liaubet L. , Lippi Y. , Naylies C. , Bluy L. , Poli M. , Gress L. , Lencina C. , Duranthon V. , Combes S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCoprophagia by suckling rabbits, i.e. ingestion of feces from their mother, reduces mortality after weaning. We hypothesized that this beneficial effect of coprophagia is immune-mediated at the intestinal level. Therefore, this study investigated immune development after weaning by analyzing the ileal transcriptome at day 35 and 49 in rabbits with differential access to coprophagia in early life. Rabbit pups had access between day 1 and 15 to (i) no feces (NF) or (ii) feces from unrelated does (Foreign Feces, FF) or (iii) feces from unrelated does treated with antibiotics (FFab). 350 genes were differentially expressed between day 35 and day 49 in suckling rabbits with access to coprophagia. These genes coded for antimicrobial peptides, a mucin, cytokines and chemokines, pattern recognition receptors, proteins involved in immunoglobulin A secretion and in interferon signaling pathway. Strikingly, prevention of coprophagia or access to feces from antibiotic-treated does in early life blunted immune development between day 35 et 49 in the ileum of rabbits. Thus, coprophagia might be crucial for the maturation of intestinal immunity in rabbits and could explain why this behavior improves survival.
The influence of electrical high-speed rotation on mandibular third molar surgeries: a prospective, randomized, split-mouth clinical and radiographic study
Authors: Sol Izabella , Tonini Karen Rawen , dos Reis Karen Santin , Hadad Henrique , Ponzoni Daniela 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe aim of this split-mouth randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the clinical outcomes (operative time, edema, trismus, and pain), the immediate histological effects, the alveolar repair (2 and 4 months), and the quality of life after the extraction of impacted third molars using high-speed pneumatic and electrical rotation. Sixteen patients underwent extraction of the two mandibular third molars with a minimum interval of 15 days. On one side of the participant’s mouth, high-speed pneumatic rotation was used (Control Group—CG) while for the other side, high-speed electrical rotation was used (Study Group—SG). Statistical analysis included ANOVA repeated measures and Pearson correlations. SG group showed: shorter operative time (p = 0.019), less pain (p = 0.034), swelling (p < 0.001) and trismus (p = 0.025) on the 1st postoperative day; less pain (p = 0.034) and trismus (p = 0.010) on the 3rd postoperative day; less trismus (p = 0.032) on the 7th postoperative day; and better quality of life (p = 0.007). No differences were observed for peripheral bone damage or bone density of alveolar repair at 2 and 4 months between groups. Electric high-speed rotation provided better postoperative clinical parameters of pain, edema and trismus when compared with pneumatic high-speed rotation for mandibular third molar surgery.Trial registration: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials registration number RBR-4xyqhqm (https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-4xyqhqm).
Dissolution and antioxidant potential of apigenin self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) for oral delivery
Authors: Morakul Boontida , Teeranachaideekul Veerawat , Limwikrant Waree , Junyaprasert Varaporn Buraphacheep 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSelf-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) have been used to improve the oral bioavailability of various drugs. In the current study, apigenin was developed as SNEDDS to solve its dissolution problem and enhance oral bioavailability and antioxidant potential. SNEDDS were prepared by mixing Gelucire 44/14, Tween 80, and PEG 400 under controlled conditions. The droplet of diluted SNEDDS demonstrated a spherical shape with a size of less than 100 nm and a neutral charge. The very fast self-emulsification was obtained within 32 s, and the transmittance values exceeded 99%. The highest drug loading was 90.10 ± 0.24% of the initial load with the highest %encapsulation efficiency of 84.20 ± 0.03%. FT-IR and DSC spectra showed no interaction between components. The dissolution in buffer pH 1.2, 4.5, and 6.8 showed significantly higher dissolved apigenin than the apigenin coarse powder. The dissolution profiles were fitted to the Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetics. The cellular antioxidant activities in Caco-2 cells were approximately 52.25–54.64% compared to no treatment and were higher than the apigenin coarse powder (12.70%). Our work highlights the potential of SNEDDS to enhance the dissolution and permeability of apigenin and promote antioxidant efficacy, which has a strong chance of being developed as a bioactive compound for nutraceuticals.
The dual role of Spn-E in supporting heterotypic ping-pong piRNA amplification in silkworms
Authors: Izumi Natsuko , Shoji Keisuke , Negishi Lumi , Tomari Yukihide 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway plays a crucial role in silencing transposons in the germline. piRNA-guided target cleavage by PIWI proteins triggers the biogenesis of new piRNAs from the cleaved RNA fragments. This process, known as the ping-pong cycle, is mediated by the two PIWI proteins, Siwi and BmAgo3, in silkworms. However, the detailed molecular mechanism of the ping-pong cycle remains largely unclear. Here, we show that Spindle-E (Spn-E), a putative ATP-dependent RNA helicase, is essential for BmAgo3-dependent production of Siwi-bound piRNAs in the ping-pong cycle and that this function of Spn-E requires its ATPase activity. Moreover, Spn-E acts to suppress homotypic Siwi–Siwi ping-pong, but this function of Spn-E is independent of its ATPase activity. These results highlight the dual role of Spn-E in facilitating proper heterotypic ping-pong in silkworms.
Attitude of Speech-Language Pathology Students and Specialists Toward People Who Stutter: Inter- and Intraregional Comparisons
Authors: Chen Yu-An , Miyamoto Shoko 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
This study aimed to investigate the attitudes of speech-language pathology–related specialists (SPs) and speech-language pathology (SLP) students toward stuttering. Furthermore, we identified the factors that influence changes in the attitudes of SLP students and SPs in various countries.

Method:
Using a search formula, the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were used to conduct primary and secondary screening for analysis. All previous studies included in the systematic review focused on SPs or SLP students and were published in English. Studies were collected and screened independently by the first and second authors and then discussed between them. Twenty-two studies with varying research designs and sample sizes were included in the systematic review. Finally, information on authors, publishing year, participant, country or region, assessment materials, and the results were extracted and organized before analysis.

Results:
Twenty-two articles from eight countries and one region (Middle East) were extracted. The results showed that SLP students and SPs in different countries have different attitudes toward stuttering depending on their education, experience, geographic location, cultural status, and societal development, but stereotypes of people who stutter (PWS) persist (e.g., nervous), and the attitudes toward the clinics appear to be more negative in Western countries.

Conclusions:
Negative attitudes toward PWS remain among both SLP students and SPs. Thus, the factors that may influence the attitudes of SLP students and SPs should be taken into account in academic and clinical education in fluency disorders, and the education content must be structured to improve the quality of education and the attitude toward PWS.
A wide‐angle infrared lens for temperature detection in closed high‐voltage switchgear
Authors: Chen Jie , Bian Zu‐ying , Zhou Zhi‐ting , Fan Zhen‐nan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this letter, the authors develop a wide‐angle Fresnel infrared lens for detecting temperature inside closed switchgear. Based on the structural characteristics of closed switchgear, a frame structure for the lens and a single‐sided installation method were devised. A field test was conducted to simulate temperature diagnosis and monitoring. The results indicate that the lens described in this letter enables satisfactory observation of the internal temperature of closed high‐voltage switchgear.
Enhancing dielectric properties and energy storage performance of polyvinylidene fluoride composite by surface‐modified AgNbO3 nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Zhao Ting , Wu Dan , Xue Ying , Yi Zhihui , Kang Jinteng , Ye Ronghui , Guo Ning 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe introduction of antiferroelectric filler AgNbO3 into the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer matrix enhances its energy storage properties of PVDF. However, AgNbO3 and PVDF matrix are incompatible due to their distinct physical and chemical properties, resulting in poor compatibility between the two phases. Surface modification enhances the large difference in physical and chemical properties between the filler and the polymer matrix, and improves the compatibility between the two phases. Silane coupling agents (KH550, KH560), dopamine (DA), and grafted poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were used to modify the surface of AgNbO3 particles, and the effects of different surface modification methods on the energy storage performance of the composites were studied. The PVDF matrix was introduced with 0.3 wt% AgNbO3 particle filler. The results showed that the amino group in KH550 had the strongest binding with PVDF. The ester group in PMMA has a strong binding with PVDF. The epoxy group in KH560 has a weak binding with PVDF, while the amino group in DA has the worst binding with PVDF. The compatibility of the two phases in AgNbO3@KH550/PVDF composites is the best, and the charge distribution on the surface of the filler is uniform. Under an electric field of 350 kV/mm, the energy storage density is 8.48 J/cm3.
Invasive Neurostimulation in der Neuro-Urologie: State of the Art
Authors: Kurze Ines , Böthig Ralf , van Ophoven Arndt 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die Modulation oder Stimulation der den unteren Harntrakt versorgenden Nerven stellt bei Versagen der konservativen oder minimalinvasiven Behandlungsansätze eine mögliche Therapieoption bei Dysfunktion des unteren Harntrakts, des Beckenbodens und des Mastdarms dar. Diese Übersicht zeigt die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der sakralen Neuromodulation, der sakralen Deafferentation mit sakraler Vorderwurzelstimulation sowie der Konus-Deafferentation auf.

Die sakrale Neuromodulation (SNM) ist ein Verfahren zur Behandlung von refraktären Beckenbodenfunktionsstörungen verschiedenster Genese (idiopathisch, neurogen oder postoperativ), wie überaktive Blase, nicht obstruktive Retention und Stuhlinkontinenz. Besonderer Vorteil der SNM ist die Möglichkeit einer vorherigen Teststimulation mit einer hohen prognostischen Aussagekraft. Das Verfahren ist minimalinvasiv, reversibel und mit relativ niedrigen Morbiditätsraten verbunden.

Nach der Einführung von MRT-kompatiblen SNM-Systemen wurde das Interesse an der Behandlung von neurogenen Blasenfunktionsstörungen neu entfacht. Eine neuere Metaanalyse berichtet dabei über ähnliche Erfolgsraten, wie bei der idiopathischen Patientenpopulation.

Die sakrale Deafferentation mit Implantation eines sakralen Vorderwurzelstimulators (SARS/SDAF) stellt eine exzellente therapeutische Option für Patienten mit Querschnittlähmung dar, welche einerseits die Lebensqualität der Betroffenen erheblich verbessert und andererseits neben der Behandlung der neurogenen Dysfunktion des unteren Harntrakts auch die neurogene Darmfunktionsstörung, die neurogene Sexualfunktionsstörung oder eine autonome Dysreflexie positiv beeinflussen kann. Entscheidend für den Erfolg dieser Operation ist es, bei Versagen der konservativen bzw. minimalinvasiven Therapie frühzeitig die SDAF/SARS in Erwägung zu ziehen, um irreversible organische Schäden zu vermeiden.
Die Konus-Deafferentation (KDAF) stellt eine weniger invasive operative
Behandlungsmöglichkeit für Querschnittgelähmte dar, bei denen eine sakrale Deafferentation
indiziert wäre, welche jedoch von der gleichzeitigen Implantation eines sakralen
Vorderwurzelstimulators nicht profitieren würden. Grundsätzlich bleibt auch diesen Patienten
später die Möglichkeit, mit einem extraduralen Implantat versorgt zu werden und damit die
Vorteile der Vorderwurzelstimulation zu nutzen. Indikationen für eine KDAF sind die autonome
Dysreflexie, die therapierefraktäre Detrusorüberaktivität, rezidivierende Harnwegsinfekte,
Harninkontinenz und die durch die Detrusorüberaktivität getriggerte Spastik. Mit der KDAF
verfügen wir über ein sicheres und effizientes Verfahren mit einem hohen Potenzial für die
Verbesserung des paraplegiologischen und neuro-urologischen Therapiespektrums.
Antiphospholipid-Syndrom: neue Klassifikationskriterien und
Implikationen für die Praxis
Authors: Stefanski Ana-Luisa , Dörner Thomas 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungAnalog zu anderen entzündlich-rheumatischen Erkrankungen wurden im Oktober 2023
neue hierarchisch gruppierte, gewichtete und risikostratifizierte APS
Klassifikationskriterien von der European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)
gemeinsam mit dem American College of Rheumatology (ACR) vorgestellt. Die neuen
Kriterien sehen als obligates Eingangskriterium das Vorliegen mindestens einer
klinischen APS-Manifestation und eines positiven aPL-Labortests vor
(Lupusantikoagulans oder moderat bis deutlich erhöhte IgG- oder IgM-Titer für
aCL oder aß2GPI). Die sechs Klinik- und zwei Labordomänen werden mit Werten von
1–7 Punkten gewichtet. Eine Klassifikation als APS kann erfolgen, wenn
mindestens jeweils 3 Punkte in den klinischen und den serologischen Domänen
erreicht werden. Neu werden traditionelle Thromboserisikofaktoren bei
aPL-positiven Personen mitberücksichtigt und eine genauere Charakterisierung
aPL-assoziierter mikrovaskulärer, geburtshilflicher und nichtthrombotischer
Manifestationen (Thrombozytopenie und Herzklappenbeteiligung) vorgenommen.
IgM-aPL zählen als weniger spezifisch und werden mit einer deutlich geringeren
Punktezahl (1 Punkt) gegenüber den IgG-aPL (je nach Höhe und Konstellation 4-7
Punkte) berücksichtigt. Die erreichte hohe Spezifität der neuen
Klassifikationskriterien wird qualitativ hochwertige Studien im APS mit dem Ziel
einer verbesserten Patientenversorgung erlauben. Der Beitrag fokussiert auf
aktuelle Herausforderungen durch die Klassifikationskriterien sowie die
unabhängig zu sehenden Aspekte der klinischen Diagnosestellung und der daraus
erwachsenen Behandlungskonsequenzen.
Pneumoperikard bei einem reifen Neugeborenen
Authors: Piepenbrink Lea , Herrmann Jochen , Jahn Matthias , Klinkenberg Dennis , Diehl Thilo , Singer Dominique , Lange Mario 
Published: April 2024

FallpräsentationReifes weibliches Neugeborenes (40+1 SSW), das nach unauffälliger Schwangerschaft per
sekundärer Sectio bei pathologischem CTG in einer Geburtsklinik geboren wurde.
Geburtsgewicht 3500 g, Nabelarterien-pH 7,28, Apgar 7/8/8. Wegen respiratorischer
Adaptationsstörung mit Tachydyspnoe und O2-Bedarf wurde der
Neugeborenennotarzt alarmiert. Bis zum Eintreffen supportive Therapie mittels
CPAP-Atemhilfe (PEEP 6 mbar) sowie Beginn einer antibiotischen Therapie mit
Ampicillin und Tobramycin. Im Verlauf weitere klinische Verschlechterung mit
gemischter Azidose in der kapillären Blutgasanalyse (pH 6,93, pCO2 82
mmHg, BE − 14,9 mmol/l, Laktat 10,5 mmol/l). Zunehmende Kreislaufinstabilität mit
verlängerter Kapillarfüllungszeit, Tachykardie (180/min) und arterieller Hypotension
(MAD 33 mmHg) bei nur leise auskultierbaren Herztönen. Nach Eintreffen des
Neugeborenennotarztes endotracheale Intubation und maschinelle Beatmung. Zudem
Kreislaufstabilisierung mit Volumen und Dobutamin und zügiger Transport auf die
neonatologische Intensivstation des Perinatalzentrums.
Geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede von Motorik und Balance bei
Gonarthrosepatienten
Authors: Anders Jens Olaf , Redelbach Robert , Könczöl Clemens 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Trotz vielfältiger perioperativer Verbesserungen sind bis
heute noch 10 bis 20 Prozent der Patienten nach Knietotalendoprothesen
Operationen unzufrieden. Individuelle und insbesondere auch
geschlechtsspezifische Defizite motorischer und propriozeptive Fähigkeiten
könnten dabei eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Bisher wird dieser Tatsache wenig
Aufmerksamkeit gewidmet und vor Endoprothesen Operationen routinemäßig keine
Messungen durchgeführt.
Methoden Bei jeweils 30 weiblichen und männlichen Patienten erfolgte einen
Tag vor Implantation einer bikondylären Knietotalendoprothese mittels mobiler
Kraftmessplatte KMP die Messung von Kraft/Leistung und Balance. Die Kraft der
Beinmuskulatur konnte durch modifiziertes Kreuzheben bestimmt und die Leistung
mit 5 schnellen Kniebeugen gemessen werden. Die Balance umfasste die Parameter
Schwankungsweg (in mm) und Schwankungsfläche (in mm²). Freies Stehen im
Einbeinstand bzw. mit Hilfestellung wurden durch kurzes Antippender Finger an
seitlich angebrachten Stützen bzw. permanentes Festhalten zusätzlich als
Balanceunterstützung erfasst.
Ergebnisse Die Mittelwerte der Gesamtperformance Kraft/Leistung waren bei
Männer mit 0.44 (SD 0.96, Min –1.15, Max 2.43) statistisch gesichert
(p<0.0001) höher als bei Frauen –0.41 (SD 0.61, Min –1,34, Max 1,32). In der
Gesamtperformance Balance aus Schwankungsweg und -fläche zeigten sich
statistisch signifikant bessere Ergebnissen bei Frauen (p = 0.013). Der
Mittelwert betrug für Frauen –0.24 (SD 0.72, Min –1,72, Max 1,22) und bei Männer
0.27 (SD 0.89, Min –1.56, Max 3,21).
Schlussfolgerung Bei weiblichen und männlichen Gonarthrosepatienten waren
präoperativ mit alltagstauglichem Aufwand motorische/propriozeptive
Eigenschaften messbar. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass statistisch gesicherte
Leistungsunterschiede zwischen Frauen und Männern mit Gonarthrose Gard 4
vorhanden sind. Diese Defizite können zukünftig sowohl prä- als auch
postoperativgezielter bestimmt werden. Inwieweit sich die Fähigkeiten mit
individualisierten Rehabilitationsmaßnahmen verbessern lassen, muss in
Folgestudien untersucht werden.
Cardioprotective Effects of Aloysia polystachya Essential Oil on a Rat Model with Multiple Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Authors: Moreno Karyne Garcia Tafarelo , Marques Aline Aparecida Macedo , da Silva Gabriela Pereira , Bertoncelo Luana Ale , Pessoal Luciane Barbosa , Gonçalves Larissa Dantas , dos Santos Ariany Carvalho , Souza Roosevelt Isaías Carvalho , Silva Denise Brentan , Gasparotto Junior Arquimedes 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTraditional medicine is a frequently utilized method to treat cardiovascular disease and its primary risk factors, including hypertension and dyslipidemia. Aloysia polystachya is a species that is commonly employed to treat various pathological conditions, and it has already been identified as having some cardioprotective effects. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of the essential oil extracted from the leaves of A. polystachya in a rat model that simulates multiple cardiovascular risk factors. We evaluate the acute toxicity, as well as the cardioprotective effects, by giving different doses of A. polystachya essential oil (1.47 mg/kg, 4.40 mg/kg, and 13.20 mg/kg) over a period of 42 days. The control group was treated with rosuvastatin (5 mg/kg). At the end of the treatments, the renal function, electrocardiography, blood pressure, vascular reactivity, serum biochemical profile, and organ histopathology were evaluated. The main compounds identified in
the essential oil of A. polystachya using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry were beta-myrcene (1.08%), limonene (40.13%), and carvone (56.47%). The essential oil of A. polystachya not only lacks acute toxicity but also mitigates the reduction in the excretion of sodium, chloride, and creatinine in urine. Furthermore, it reduces electrocardiographic abnormalities and decreases blood pressure levels. Moreover, this treatment prevents an elevation in markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in the bloodstream. Our findings indicate significant cardioprotective effects of the essential oil of A. polystachya against multiple risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in hypertensive rats.
From Protein Structures to Functional Biomimetics
Authors: Grossmann Tom N. , Durukan Canan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe development of complex molecular scaffolds with defined folding properties represents a central challenge in chemical research. Proteins are natural scaffolds defined by a hierarchy of structural complexity and have evolved to manifest unique functional characteristics; for example, molecular recognition capabilities that facilitate the binding of target molecules with high affinity and selectivity. Utilizing these features, proteins have been used as a starting point for the design of synthetic foldamers and enhanced biocatalysts, as well as bioactive reagents in drug discovery. In this account, we describe the strategies used in our group to stabilize protein folds, ranging from the constraint of bioactive peptide conformations to chemical protein engineering. We discuss the evolution of peptides into peptidomimetics to inhibit protein–protein and protein–nucleic acid interactions, and the selective chemical modification of proteins to enhance their properties for biotechnological applications. The reported peptide- and proteomimetic structures cover a broad range of molecular sizes and they highlight the importance of structure stabilization for the design of functional biomimetics.1	Introduction2	Constraining the Conformation of Peptides3	Peptide-Based Covalent Protein Modifiers4	Chemical Protein Engineering5	Conclusions