bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Course and Outcome of COVID‐19 in Children With Biliary Atresia: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Yang Yifan , Jiang Jingying , Zhou Jin , Wang Shuxin , Chen Gong , Zheng Shan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsTo investigate the infection status and outcomes of biliary atresia (BA) patients during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic in Chinese population.MethodsThis retrospective study involved Kasai‐postoperative BA patients who had achieved jaundice‐free during the SARS‐CoV‐2 outbreak from December 1, 2022 to February 28, 2023. Children without hepatobiliary diseases hospitalized during the same period were as control group. Data collected included nutritional status, comorbidities, epidemiologic characteristics, fever symptoms (duration, max), respiratory symptoms (cough, runny nose and shortness of breath), and gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea and vomiting). All cases infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 were followed up for 3 months.ResultsA total of 128 BA patients were enrolled, ranged in age from 6 months to 12 years old (median age: 1.8 years). A total of 51 (39.8%) and 49 BA patients (38.3%) were classified as confirmed and suspected COVID‐19 cases, respectively. Only two confirmed cases presented with moderate symptoms, while the rest developed asymptomatic or mild cases. Compared to the 115 control groups, the proportion of symptomatic cases in BA was slightly higher (78.1% vs. 67.8%) without significant difference (p = 0.07). Similarly, no differences were found in proportion of fever, respiratory tract symptoms and gastrointestinal symptoms between BA and control groups. However, it is worth noting that 7 BA patients developed symptoms of cholangitis during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, who experienced pale stool and elevated bilirubin levels. After hospitalization, six patients achieved jaundice‐free survival, but one child finally had to undergo liver transplantation due to hepatic failure.ConclusionsThe symptoms and course of COVID‐19 in BA patients were similar to those in healthy population. The vast majority of BA patients made a good recovery from COVID‐19.
Effect of a Laser‐Moving Heat Source on a Functionally Graded Elliptical Plate's Thermal Behavior Using a Fractional‐Order Mechanism
Authors: Manthena V. R. , Bhad P. P. , Lamba N. K. , Kedar G. D. , Abbas Ibrahim 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the thermal behavior of a thick elliptical plate subjected to a moving laser heat‐source using a novel application of the time‐fractional heat conduction equation with the Caputo‐fractional derivative. By incorporating a long‐tail power kernel to account for the memory‐dependent heat flow, this approach provides a more accurate representation of heat transfer dynamics in functionally graded materials (FGMs) under transient conditions. The material properties of the elliptical annulus plate, including thermal conductivity, heat capacities, and Poisson's ratio, are axially graded to model ceramic–metal–based FGMs, specifically titanium carbide and nickel. Analytical solutions for the displacement and temperature distributions are derived using the extended Mathieu function, Laplace transform, and perturbation methods, while numerical methods are employed for stress computation. The study introduces a comprehensive framework to evaluate the influence of time‐fractional parameters on thermal, deformation, and stress profiles, offering enhanced predictive capabilities for high‐temperature applications in advanced material design. The novelty lies in the integration of fractional‐order modeling and a moving laser source, which provides deeper insights into the thermal–mechanical responses of FGMs, paving the way for optimized designs in thermal industries. The merit of this study lies in its innovative modeling approach, novel application to FGMs with elliptical geometry, and relevance to high‐temperature industrial applications. The integration of fractional calculus and moving heat sources represents a significant advancement in understanding and optimizing thermal behavior in advanced materials.
A decolonial perspective on Indigenous infant and early childhood mental health: Reclaiming Indigenous ways for the next seven generations
Authors: Richardson Meenakshi , Waubanascum Cary , Waters Sara F. , Sarche Michelle 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIndigenous lifeways, perspectives, and ways of knowing in the field of infant and early childhood mental health are underrepresented, especially given the inequitable and unjust prevalence of removal and separation of American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) children from their families and communities by the child welfare system in the United States. Strengthening the infant and early childhood mental health field requires uncovering and addressing the ways in which colonization has intentionally attempted to disrupt and destroy Indigenous family relationships, especially bonds with young children, both historically and perpetuated into the present day. The current article reviews the historical context of Indian child removal as a result of colonization, cultural revitalization efforts, and decolonial frameworks that inform culturally grounded intervention strategies advancing the field of infant and early childhood mental health. Decolonization is highlighted as integral for the reclamation of Indigenous caregiving practices. Community‐based and Indigenous‐led initiatives such as the Indian Child Welfare Act, Tribal home visiting, and breastfeeding programming are highlighted as diverse strengths‐based approaches, informed by Indigenous scholarship to ensure the health and well‐being of our future generations.
The Impact of Computerized School Selection and Placement Systems on Effective Service Delivery: A Post Implementation Assessment of Students' Placements Into Second‐Cycle Institutions in Ghana
Authors: Nettey Joshua Nii Akai , Owusu Acheampong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe manual placement of students into second‐cycle institutions in Ghana was inefficient and prone to errors, prompting the introduction of the Computerized School Selection and Placement System (CSSPS) to ensure effective and equitable placements. This study evaluates the CSSPS's effectiveness through the Task‐Technology Fit (TTF) theory, which assesses the alignment between task requirements and technology capabilities. Using a qualitative approach, 12 participants, including school heads and CSSPS administrators, were interviewed. The findings reveal that CSSPS has significantly improved transparency, fairness, and efficiency in student placements, addressing biases and delays associated with the manual system. However, challenges remain, including technical issues and stakeholder dissatisfaction with placement outcomes. The study highlights that while CSSPS is well‐suited for its intended purpose, increased stakeholder engagement and technical improvements are essential for long‐term success. The research contributes to understanding ICT4D applications in education, emphasizing the need for continuous system upgrades and policy adjustments to enhance educational access and socio‐economic development in Ghana. Recommendations include expanding training for stakeholders and improving system infrastructure to better meet user expectations and optimize the placement process.
Improving Reliability and Data Management in Internet of Things Based Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Babaker Siddiq , Khatibi Ali , Alsoud Anas Ratib , Kaur Jaspreet , Jagtap Jayant , Alkhayyat Ahmed , Shah Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWith the rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT), wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are becoming increasingly vital in advancing information and communication technologies. These networks are widely integrated with the Internet across numerous applications. In WSN‐assisted IoT, ensuring energy efficiency and security is critical for Quality of Service (QoS), but remains challenging due to the networks' open and resource‐constrained nature. This paper introduces a novel solution: a secure entropy‐based Jaccard similarity integrated with a fuzzy C‐means (EJS‐FCM) clustering approach for dynamic WSN‐IoT networks. Cluster heads (CHs) are selected using a boosted grasshopper optimization (BGO) algorithm, and an Adler‐32 hashing‐based scheme authenticates each sensor node. Secure hash elliptical curve cryptography (SHECC) then encrypts data collected from the CHs, enhancing IoT data security through hashing functions in both encryption and decryption. The proposed approach significantly improves security, QoS, and energy efficiency, as evidenced by enhanced network lifetime, throughput, packet delivery ratio, delay, and encryption time.
Non‐Contact Heart Rate Measurement Using Ghost Imaging System
Authors: Yu Jianming , He Yuchen , Li Bin , Chen Hui , Zheng Huaibin , Liu Jianbin , Zhou Lifan , Niu Yi , Wu Haodong , Xu Zhuo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRemote heart rate measurement is an increasingly concerned research field, usually using remote photoplethysmography to collect heart rate information through video data collection. However, in certain specific scenarios (such as low light conditions, intense lighting, and non‐line‐of‐sight situations), traditional methods fail to capture image information effectively, that may lead to difficulty or inability in measuring heart rate. To address these limitations, this study proposes non‐contact heart rate detection based on ghost imaging architecture. The mean absolute error between experimental measurements and reference true values is 4.24 bpm. Additionally, the bucket signals obtained by the ghost imaging system can be directly processed using digital signal processing techniques, thereby enhancing personal privacy protection.
Regulation of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction by Glutathione Under Various Pathways: A Narrative Review
Authors: He Yan Lin , Zhang Ying , Liu Qing 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPostoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common neurological complication after surgery and general anesthesia, and the incidence increases with age. Will have a negative impact on patients, family and society. At present, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are the main recognized mechanisms. Glutathione (GSH) is a powerful reducing agent and may be related to POCD. Data Collection: Using medical search engines such as PubMed, Web of Science, we analyzed articles on topics such as: POCD, GSH, microglia, astrocyte, oligodendrocyte, ferroptosis, BDNF, Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress. The above topics are searched in databases using Boolean operations. We included original articles, reviews and other article types such as medical books. Results: According to the reviewed literature, GSH may be a treatment for POCD. Conclusions: Specific and targeted therapies for POCD still sparse, therefore, the implementation of preventive strategies appears to remain the optimal attitude. Further research is needed for a better understanding of GSH and POCD.
Fenofibrate Reduces Ischemic Cerebral Edema via the Suppression of Aquaporin‐4
Authors: Zhou Ming , Zhao Wei , Qian Xinglong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of fenofibrate (FENO), a triglyceride‐lowering drug, in rats with cerebral ischemia. An ischemic cerebral edema model was established in rats, and an oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model was created in astrocytes. Neurological deficits were quantified using a standardized deficit score. Protein expression levels were assessed through immunohistochemical staining, western blot analysis, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Gene expression was determined using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), while luciferase activity was measured using a commercially available kit. We found that FENO significantly reduced infarct volume and neurological deficits in rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Additionally, FENO inhibited increased brain water content and upregulated the expression of aquaporin‐4 (AQP4), a protein associated with cerebral edema, in the ischemic hemisphere. Furthermore, FENO suppressed the inflammatory response in cortical tissue by reducing the expression of cytokines such as interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α). It also increased the expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and promoted activation of astrocytes by increasing glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). In vitro experiments further demonstrated that FENO reduced the expression of AQP4 against OGD/R in primary rat astrocytes. FENO also inhibited the activation of p38 by reducing its phosphorylation. Correspondingly, FENO suppressed the activation of activator protein 1 (AP‐1) by reducing the levels of c‐Jun and c‐Fos, as well as the luciferase activity of AP‐1. These effects were enhanced by the p38 specific inhibitor SB203580. Notably, the presence of the AP‐1 specific inhibitor T5224 further promoted the effects of FENO in suppressing the expression of AQP4, implicating that the inhibitory effects of FENO on AQP4 expression are mediated by the p38/AP‐1 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that FENO may have potential therapeutic benefits in stroke by targeting the p38/AP‐1 signaling pathway and reducing AQP4 expression, thereby alleviating cerebral edema and inflammation.
Pichia kudriavzevii (JD2) Immobilized on Acid Activated Perlite as a Biosorbent for Solid Phase Extraction of Cr(III) Determination by AAS (Atomic Adsorption Spectroscopy)
Authors: Amanzhol Aliya , Yalçınkaya Özcan , Çinar Acar Berat , Yuksekdag Zehranur 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this study, the preconcentration of Cr(III) ion in Pichia kudriavzevii JD2 immobilized perlite adsorbent by solid phase extraction was investigated. The determination of Cr(III) was performed using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The effects of pH, adsorbent amount, recovery solution volume and type, and sample solution flow rate and volume on the recovery efficiency of Cr(III) ions were investigated. Optimized preconcentration conditions for Cr(III) were established using a column technique. The optimal parameters were determined as pH 4, a recovery solution of 2 mol/L HNO3 with a volume of 10 mL, and a sample flow rate of 1–3 mL/min, preconcentration factor 25. Under these conditions, the recovery efficiency of Cr(III) ion on perlite immobilized with Pichia kudriavzevii JD2 was found to be 100.1% ± 0.3% with a 95% confidence level. Analytical variables with a limit of detection (LOD) of 4.8 μg/L and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 15.8 μg/L were determined for the Cr(III) ion. The accuracy of the method was determined using standard reference materials (SPS‐WW1). The relative error of the recovery efficiency was determined to be less than 10%. The method was applied to the determination of Cr(III) in various water samples, such as tap water and mineral waters.
Refining Tree‐Decompositions so That They Display the k‐Blocks
Authors: Albrechtsen Sandra 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCarmesin and Gollin proved that every finite graph has a canonical tree‐decomposition of adhesion less than that efficiently distinguishes every two distinct ‐profiles, and which has the further property that every separable ‐block is equal to the unique part of in which it is contained. We give a shorter proof of this result by showing that such a tree‐decomposition can in fact be obtained from any canonical tight tree‐decomposition of adhesion less than . For this, we decompose the parts of such a tree‐decomposition by further tree‐decompositions. As an application, we also obtain a generalization of Carmesin and Gollin's result to locally finite graphs.
高齢者救急問題の現状とその対応策についての提言2024(Current status and proposals for emergency care for elderly people 2024)
Authors: 日本救急医学会  , 日本臨床救急医学会  , 日本老年医学会  , 日本緩和医療学会  , 日本病院前救急診療医学会  , 日本在宅医療連合学会  , 日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会  , 日本慢性期医療協会  , 日本在宅救急医学会  , 日本救急看護学会  , 日本ケアマネジメント学会  , 全国在宅療養支援医協会  , 日本在宅看護学会  , 全国老人福祉施設協議会  
Published: February 2025

要旨現在，高齢者医療は，高齢者，ご家族，医療者だけではなく，高齢者に関わるすべての人々にとっても大きな課題であり，社会としての対応が急務である。高齢者の医療に関わる各種団体が集った「高齢者救急問題を検討する懇話会」で，高齢者を対象とした医療，特に救急医療の課題と対策を協議し，高齢者救急医療の現状と課題解決に向けた対策の提言を発出することとした。前半の提言は，コラムを交えながら，市民，高齢者施設管理者・職員，高齢者の医療・ケアに日常的に関係する医療・福祉スタッフ，急性期〜慢性期病院職員，消防職員，メディカルコントロール協議会，厚生労働省，総務省消防庁の各々に向けて提示している。後半は，協議会で検討した現状と対応策について言及している。提言が普及し，各々の方々が提言に沿った行動をすることで，高齢者救急問題の解決の第一歩となることを願うものである。
Adenovirus‐Specific T Cells in Adults Are Frequent, Cross‐Reactive to Common Childhood Adenovirus Infections and Boosted by Adenovirus‐Vectored Vaccines
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Rookmini , Lambisia Arnold W. , Hoang Jennifer P. , Ravenhill Benjamin J. , Agoti Charles N. , Krishna Benjamin A. , Houldcroft Charlotte J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHuman adenoviruses (HAdVs) cause diverse disease presentations as pathogens and are also used as viral vectors for vaccines and gene therapy products. Pre‐existing adaptive immune responses to HAdV are known to influence symptom severity, viral clearance and the success of viral vectored products. Of note, approximately 50% of the UK's adult population has received at least one dose of a chimpanzee adenovirus vectored SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine (ChAdOx1) since January 2021. We used FluoroSpot analysis to quantify the interferon‐gamma (IFNγ) and interleukin‐2 (IL2) responses of healthy blood donors to HAdV species A, B, C, D and F and chimpanzee adenovirus Y25, related to HAdV species E. We find that cellular immune responses to multiple species of human adenovirus are ubiquitous among healthy adult blood donors and that stimulating PBMC with whole hexon peptide libraries induces a significantly greater IFNγ and IL2 response than using selected peptide pools alone. We then compared the cellular immune responses of ChAdOx1 recipients and control donors using PBMC collected in 2021 and found that homotypic and heterotypic IFNγ responses were significantly boosted in ChAdOx1 recipients but not controls. Finally, we show that in PBMC derived from blood donors, IFNγ responses are made to both conserved and variable regions of the hexon protein. Future vaccination campaigns using adenoviral vectored vaccines will need to account for the pre‐existing exposure of recipients to both circulating HAdVs and vaccines such as ChAdOx1, which convey polyfunctional antiviral T cell responses to even low seroprevalence HAdV types.
How does bovine milk‐based fortification alter the oxidant–antioxidant profile of breast milk in preterm infants?
Authors: Aydemir Ozge , Aydemir Yusuf , Surmeli Onay Ozge 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectivesFortification of breast milk (BM) is recommended to enhance protein, vitamin, and mineral content, supporting improved growth in preterm infants. However, the impact of fortification on the oxidant–antioxidant balance in BM has not been previously studied. This study aims to evaluate the effects of fortification with a bovine milk‐based fortifier on the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) in preterm BM.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, transitional milk (TM) (6–10 days postpartum) and mature milk (MM) (>15 days postpartum) samples were collected from mothers of preterm infants receiving fortified BM. TAC and TOS were measured in BM samples before and after fortification. The oxidative stress index (OSI), defined as the TOS‐to‐TAC ratio, was used to assess oxidative stress levels.ResultsSeventy‐five BM samples from 59 preterm infants, with a mean gestational age of 31.4 ± 2.8 weeks, were analyzed. TAC levels were consistent between TM and MM of the preterm infants. TOS levels and OSI were lower in TM compared to MM (p = 0.019 and p = 0.033, respectively). Fortification led to increased TAC and TOS in both TM (p < 0.001 each) and MM (p < 0.001 each). The OSI was higher in fortified TM (p = 0.032) compared to unfortified TM, while OSI remained unchanged in fortified MM (p = 0.39).ConclusionsPreterm TM exhibits a more favorable oxidant–antioxidant profile compared to MM. Fortification elevates both TAC and TOS in preterm BM. In MM, the oxidant–antioxidant balance is maintained post‐fortification; however, in TM, the increase in TOS exceeds that of TAC, resulting in a higher OSI.
Study of polysaccharide–gallic acid interaction and digestion behavior in biomimetic dietary fiber
Authors: Zhang Wen , Zhang Yue , Zhang Qian‐yu , Ren Xue‐ning , Ge Ji‐xiang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDGallic acid (GA) is recognized for its significant antioxidative and anti‐inflammatory properties. The processing and consumption of GA‐rich foods influence the interaction with cell wall polysaccharides, thereby impacting the bioavailability and bioaccessibility of GA. This study aimed to develop a biomimetic dietary fiber (BDF) model composed of bacterial cellulose, pectin, and GA to investigate the interactions, digestive behavior, and antioxidant synergism between polysaccharides and GA within the BDF.RESULTSThe microstructural, compositional, and crystalline characteristics of the synthesized BDF were found to be comparable to those of natural dietary fibers. During simulated digestion in the stomach and small intestine, a total of 38.02% of GA was released from the BDF, while 61.98% remained in a polysaccharide–GA conjugated form post‐digestion. In free radical scavenging assays, the GA bound within the BDF exhibited a greater antioxidant capacity than free GA.CONCLUSIONThe interactions between polysaccharides and GA are mediated by hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, van der Waals forces, and other non‐covalent interactions. The release mechanism of GA involves its escape and diffusion from the BDF network structure, the disintegration of the BDF, and the dissolution of pectin. Polysaccharides provide a protective effect on the bioactivity of GA and enhance its synergistic role in antioxidative stress, thereby improving its bioaccessibility. These findings lay the groundwork for further exploration of the interaction mechanisms between polysaccharides and GA in dietary fibers and hold significant implications for the development of dietary intervention strategies aimed at mitigating oxidative damage. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Valorization of food wastes by catalytic metal–organic frameworks/chitosan platform and microalgae cultivation
Authors: Ly Nguyễn Hoàng , Dao Tan Phat , Gnanasekaran Lalitha , Vasseghian Yasser , Joo Sang‐Woo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractInnovative technologies can convert food waste into an economic opportunity. A potential approach to be discussed in this review article is combining microalgae cultivation with catalytic metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and chitosan platforms. Due to the high availability of nutrients and organic content, food waste can be classified as one of the most promising feedstocks for bioprocessing. MOFs are known for high surface area, modulable porosity, and the property to adsorb molecules thus being recently used as efficient catalysts in the related valorization of food wastes. Chitosan is a natural polyelectrolyte copolymer exhibiting excellent biological properties, making it an attractive platform to fabricate diverse biomedical materials. The most recent research proposes another use of food waste – as a resource in producing high‐value materials. In particular, studies concentrate on designing chitosan and molecular porous MOF platforms with microalgae as applications for food waste valorization. One important approach would be to tailor the synthetic properties and functionalities of chitosan‐based MOFs allowing them to be efficiently utilized. The facile catalytic chitosan‐based MOF platform strategy established herein provides a new way to combine with microalgae cultivation for converting organic waste into desirable biomass. This review delivers a future‐oriented idea regarding how chitosan‐based MOF and microalgae can be co‐participated in food waste harvesting followed by perspective challenges and future. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.