bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unraveling the Dehydration Temperature Dependent of Mn 2+ -exchanged Zeolite Y (FAU, Si/Al = 1.67) through Crystallographic Study
Authors: Nath Sayantika , Kim Hu Sik , Lim Hyeon Seung , Choo Hyeonuk , Battsetseg Bayarsaikhan , Lim Woo Taik 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

To study the behavior of Mn2+ ions and water molecules in Mn2+-exchanged zeolite Y (Si/Al = 1.67) at different temperatures during dehydration, the single crystals of Mn2+-exchanged zeolite Y were prepared by batch method at room temperature. Five single crystals of Mn2+-exchanged zeolite Y were dehydrated at 297 K (crystal 1), 523 K (crystal 2), 573 K (crystal 3), 623 K (crystal 4), and 673 K (crystal 5), respectively, under dynamic vacuum for 48 h. Their crystal structures were completely determined by single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction techniques in the cubic space group Fdm at 100(1) K. They were refined to the final error indices R1/wR2 = 0.0594/0.1615, 0.0450/0.1229, 0.0445/0.1108, 0.0447/0.1145, and 0.0418/0.1084 (for Fo > 4σ(Fo)) for crystals 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. In all five crystals, about 36 Mn2+ ions occupy five crystallographic sites. Mn2+ ion was energetically preferred and the first to be filled at site I in all structures. The Mn2+ ions migrated from one site (sites I’ or II’) to another available site (sites I or II) to better satisfy their coordination requirements upon dehydration. Finally, in the completely dehydrated crystal 5, 36 Mn2+ ions occupy the sites I, I’, II’, IIa, and IIb with the fractional occupancies 15, 2, 2, 12, and 5, respectively. All water molecules associated with Mn2+ ions in the incompletely dehydrated crystals 1 ~ 4 were located in the sodalite cavities. In the structure of crystal 1, about 10.5 water molecules were found per unit cell, each coordinating to Mn2+ ions at Mn(1’b). These water molecules formed clusters as [Mn4(H2O)4]8+. Only 5, 3, and 2 water molecules were found in the structures of crystals 2 ~ 4, respectively, with increasing temperature. Each of these water molecules was bonded to one Mn2+ ion at Mn(2’), forming [MnH2O]2+. The unit cell constant of the zeolite framework decreased, as the number of water molecules decreased with the increasing dehydration temperature.
An aid diagnostic platform to detect the transition of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on 48,116 AD and MCI patients
Authors: Song You-Qiang , LI JING , Li Siwen , Shea Yat-fung , Yue Ming , Zhu Pengfei , Zou Quan , Yuan Shuofeng , Chu Leung-Wing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable, progressive neurodegenerative disorder, necessitating early diagnosis and intervention. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) often precedes AD, but not all cases progress to AD, emphasizing the need for predictive biomarkers. We analyzed routine blood test data from 43,981 AD patients and 4,537 MCI subjects in Hong Kong hospitals (2000–2019). Among 31 shared biomarkers, five blood biomarkers (Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, Red blood cell related to oxygen carrying capacity, Neutrophils, and White blood cell related to immunity) significantly differentiated MCI from AD. Subjects were divided into four groups (Female 65 ~ 74, Male 65 ~ 74, Female 75 ~ 89, Male 75 ~ 89) to minimize gender and age bias. Models utilizing the five biomarkers along with machine learning yielded the highest accuracy in the Female 65 ~ 74 group (AUC of 0.76 on an independent test set). The other three models were trained with other biomarkers besides these 5 to optimize predictions, capturing models with AUC close to 0.70. We then constructed a platform predicting the risk of MCI converting to AD (MAP, http://lab.malab.cn/~lijing/MAP.html) to help physicians and MCI subjects with early diagnosis and prevention of AD. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential for accurate prediction of MCI to AD conversion using routine blood test data and machine learning, offering an economical and practical approach for early AD screening in MCI individuals.
Mucosal‐associated invariant T cell alterations in adults with recent-onset and long-term oral lichen planus
Authors: Wu Xiaoli , Chen Siting , Yang Yinshen , Xu Xiaoheng , Xiong Xiaoqin , Meng Wenxia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells play key roles in many immune-inflammatory diseases. However, their characteristics between the long-term course of oral lichen planus (OLP) and recent-onset OLP remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the function of MAIT cells in different process of OLP and to explore the immunological background of this disease.
Methods
The frequency, phenotype, cytokine secretion of MAIT cells and its clinical relevance by flow cytometry from the peripheral blood of 14 adults with recent-onset OLP (7-120 days after disease onset) and 16 adults with long-term course (>2 years after diagnosis) compared with 15 healthy blood donors. Statistical analyses were performed using the GraphPad Prism software.
Results
MAIT cells from adults with recent-onset OLP harbored an activated phenotype, as indicated by an increased frequency of CD69+ (p < 0.05) and CD38+MAIT cells (p < 0.01) and elevated production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-17A (p < 0.01), compared with healthy adult donors. In adults with long-term OLP, MAIT cells exhibit an activated and exhausted phenotype, characterized by high expression of CD69 (p < 0.01) and PD-1 (p < 0.001), as well as increased production of the granzyme B released by MAIT cells (p < 0.01). Compared with recent-onset OLP patients, long-term OLP patients show a decrease in the production of CD8+, and CD4−CD8− cells but an increase in PD-1+ production (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
The frequency, phenotype, and function of MAIT cells are more altered in adult OLP patients with long-term onset than in those with recent-onset OLP.
Clinical Relevance
With the prolonged course of OLP, MAIT cells play different functional roles.
Exploring Vehicle Scheduling in Web 3.0-based Vehicular Networks with Time Window Constraints
Authors: Zhang Junhong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The Vehicle Scheduling Problem (VSP), rooted in the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), poses a significant challenge in modern logistics, particularly within networks linked to manufacturing facilities. These logistics systems often grapple with increased shipping costs and encounter challenges in aligning service times with customer availability. In the context of Web 3.0, which emphasizes decentralized and interconnected systems, there is a growing need to optimize vehicle scheduling to meet the demands of this new paradigm.In response, this study introduces a comprehensive vehicle scheduling model that strategically incorporates both time windows and vehicle load constraints, taking into account the unique characteristics of Web 3.0 logistics networks. To address this model, we employ genetic algorithm methodologies, providing a detailed examination and explanation of the algorithmic processes involved. The genetic algorithm undergoes 100 iterations, refining the solution iteratively. Implementation of the model is executed using the MATLAB toolbox. Simulation computations are conducted, revealing that setting time windows and deadweight defaults to zero minimizes the overall path traversing all service points. This outcome validates the efficacy of the algorithm in mitigating challenges akin to those faced by traveling agents in Web 3.0 logistics scenarios.This research holds practical significance, offering insights that can be applied to optimize logistics routes in real-world production scenarios within the Web 3.0 landscape. The study's findings contribute to the judicious selection and enhancement of logistics operations, addressing cost concerns and refining service quality. The integration of time windows and load constraints proves pivotal in achieving operational efficiency and customer satisfaction within the Web 3.0 context.
Using AI-Powered Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy for Malaria Screening Under Varying Parasite Densities and Anaemic Conditions
Authors: Mshani Issa , Jackson Frank , Mwanga Rehema , Kweyamba Prisca , Mwanga Emmanuel , Tambwe Mgeni , Hofer Lorenz , Siria Doreen , González-Jiménez Mario , Wynne Klaas , Moore Sarah , Okumu Fredros , Babayan Simon , Baldini Francesco 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Effective diagnosis of malaria, including the detection of infections at very low density, is vital for the successful elimination of this deadly yet treatable disease. Unfortunately, existing technologies are either inexpensive but poorly sensitive - Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) and microscopy - or sensitive but costly - Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCR). Here, we demonstrate an AI-powered, reagent-free, and user-friendly approach that uses mid-infrared spectra acquired from dried blood spots to detect malaria infections with high accuracy under varying parasite densities and anaemic conditions. Our AI classifier initially trained on 4655 spectra from parasite-spiked blood samples from 70 adult volunteers, in controlled laboratory settings, attained 90% accuracy in detecting infections as low as one parasite per microlitre of blood, a sensitivity unattainable by conventional RDTs and microscopy. These classifiers seamlessly transitioned to field applicability, achieving over 80% accuracy in predicting natural Plasmodium falciparum infections in blood samples collected during a field survey in rural Tanzania. Crucially, the performance remained unaffected by various levels of anaemia, a common complication in malaria patients. These findings suggest that the AI-driven mid-infrared spectroscopy approach has the potential to evolve into a cost-effective and highly sensitive malaria-screening tool adaptable to field conditions, including low-resource settings, thereby accelerating malaria elimination worldwide.
The Behaviours of Square Section Columns Under Earthquake Effect
Authors: Kap Tuncay 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
92% of Turkey is in the earthquake zone, and 95% of the population lives under earthquake risk. Laws and regulations determine the design and implementation of earthquake-resistant structures. The first earthquake regulation in Turkey was published in 1940. After 1940, a new earthquake regulation was published in 1944, 1949, 1953, 1962, 1968, 1975, 1998, 2007, and finally, in 2018. One of the most important problems seen in reinforced concrete buildings exposed to earthquake effects is the displacement of the floors. The drifts in the buildings vary depending on the stiffness, height, and elasticity modules of the load-bearing elements. In this study, a five-storey reinforced concrete building model was designed using five different column sections according to the 2018 earthquake code. C-30 concrete and S-420 steel were used in the designed building models, and the behaviours of these structures under the influence of earthquakes were analysed. In the analysis, the results of the building model with 35x35 cm columns were taken as a reference. It has been observed that the buildings designed with 40x40, 45x45, 50x50, and 55x55 section columns can carry more earthquake loads at the rates of approximately 104, 113, 128, and 141 tons respectively. At the same time, the displacements on the floors decrease by approximately 31, 47, 55, and 61%, respectively. However, changes in other building models were compared and tested with multiple comparison tests at a 95% confidence interval, and the test results were given in tables.
Nonlinear Response Analysis of Plan and Vertical Asymmetric Reinforced Concrete Buildings under Directional Seismic Loadings
Authors: Kumar Pramod , Seeram Madhuri 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

A Nonlinear dynamic analysis of plan and vertical asymmetric RCC structure is performed when the buildings are subjected to seismic forces. The time history analysis is employed to investigate the behavior of the buildings. A MATLAB program is developed to using Newmark’s beta method and Newton-Raphson iteration technique. Three different earthquakes, i.e., Irpinia, 1980; Loma Prieta, 1989 and Chi-Chi, 1999 with magnitudes 6.2, 6.9 and 7.7 respectively are considered. The earthquake angles of 0°, 30°, and 45° are studied. The plan-asymmetry in the building is introduced by imposing uni-axial eccentricities of 6m, 12m, and 18m by shifting the location of the core. The vertical mass and stiffness asymmetry at different building levels is introduced by varying the mass or stiffness in the vertical direction. The peak displacement and the inter-storey drift ratio (ISDR) are evaluated. From the study it is observed that the plan asymmetric structural response has been increased with the increase in eccentricity from 6m to 12m. The eccentricity beyond 12m has not showed any increase in the structural response due to coupling effect. In comparison to stiffness and mass vertical asymmetric buildings, stiffness asymmetry at bottom floor and mass asymmetry at top floor have shown larger response and ISDR in all the earthquakes and angles of study. All the peak responses in plan and vertical symmetric structures are observed at the earthquake angle of 0o. The peak displacements are in the order of 35m in X direction and 80m in the Y direction for the plan asymmetric structures. The vertical stiffness asymmetric structures showed peak response of 140mm and 300mm in the X and Y directions, which showed the displacement beyond the elastic limit. The building with mass asymmetry at top showed about 400mm in the X direction and 550mm in the Y direction. This behaviour clearly shows the material failure. Hence a detailed analysis is recommended in the analysis and design of the asymmetric structures especially to predict the material failure.
Emotional Meanings of Clinical Practice with Head and Neck Cancer Patients: a qualitative study with Brazilian professionals
Authors: Bispo Adriana Consuelo Oliveira , Sant'Ana Ricardo Souza Evangelista , Bastos Rodrigo Almeida , Silva Sarah Adriely da , Suedt Milena Rossi , Rodrigues Jéssica Renata Ponce de Leon , Santos Claudiane dos , Guerra Luciane Miranda , Lima Carmen Silvia Passos , Turato Egberto Ribeiro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
To interpret emotional meanings attributed by healthcare professionals to the clinical management of patients with Head and Neck Cancer, in a university-specialised outpatient service at a public general hospital.
Method
A qualitative study was carried out using semi-directed interviews with open-ended questions in-depth. The sample was closed by the saturation strategy. Data treatment was conducted by Clinical-Qualitative Content Analysis technique under theoretical framework of psychodynamic concepts from Medical Psychology, and validation by peers from a research group.
Results
Ten clinical professionals were interviewed: four physicians and six nurses. From the analysis of the interviews, three categories are constructed for this article: (01) – An Instituted Stigmatization; (02) Wide-Open Reality; (03) Naturalization without Trivialization. The aggressivity of these tumours, the association with harmful lifestyle habits, and the great concern of family members call for clinical-psychological management, in which subjective mechanisms such as denial or other more primitive psychological defences have no sufficient resolution.
Conclusions
The stigma is a symbolic entity that takes distress for the clinicians, but also seems to highlight a higher level of awareness and reflection. This awareness can be a starting point for the development of healthier strategies for emotional coping, contributing to a more balanced work and personal harmonic relationship of care.
Characterization of Time Toxicity in Older Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Atre Swarali Y. , Soulos Pamela R. , Kuderer Nicole M. , Gross Cary P. , Baum Laura VM. , Dinan Michaela A. , Lustberg Maryam B. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Recognizing that receiving healthcare can be time intensive and burdensome, time toxicity has been conceptualized as the time spent by patients seeking healthcare. This study investigates the association between age at diagnosis and time toxicity for patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer (MBC) and identifies major components of care that confer the greatest time toxicity.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study among patients with MBC aged 67 or older using the SEER-Medicare database. We assessed time toxicity using the number of encounter days patients interacted with the healthcare system per 100 days, within the first year of starting cancer treatment. We used a Poisson model to analyze the association between age and encounter days, adjusting for clinical and sociodemographic factors. We stratified the mean encounter days for each age cohort by treatment types.
Findings:
The final sample included 2,949 patients; 51.4% were between 70–79 years old, and 81.3% were white. Although unadjusted analysis showed an association between older age and more encounter days (Rate Ratio (RR): 1.12; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.22), there was no significant association after adjusting for comorbidities and treatment type. Patients with more than three comorbidities had significantly higher encounter days compared to those without comorbidities [RR: 1.36 (95% CI: 1.26, 1.46)]. Receipt of radiotherapy [RR: 1.45 95% CI: (1.37, 1.54)] was associated with more encounter days compared to not receiving radiotherapy, while receipt of Bone modifying agents was associated with fewer encounter days compared to not using Bone modifying agents [RR: 0.75 (95% CI: 0.70, 0.79)].
Conclusion
Our study identified comorbidities and cancer treatment modality, including radiotherapy, as the factors affecting time toxicity in older patients with MBC. Assessment of an individual’s comorbid medical conditions and types of treatment planned are crucial to understanding age-related impacts on encounter days and to support shared decision making in older patients.
The Impact of Body Mass Index on Clinical Outcomes in Elderly Sepsis Patients: A Retrospective Study Based on the MIMIC IV Database
Authors: Shen Ying-ying , Yi Ru-qin , Feng Wen , Li ChengEn , Chen Wei , Zhang Zhirong , Fan Zhaokun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Sepsis represents a critical challenge in global healthcare, particularly affecting the elderly population. The incidence and mortality of sepsis among individuals aged 60 and above are increasingly significant public health concerns. This study examines the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and key clinical outcomes in elderly sepsis patients, considering the complexity of managing this demographic due to various underlying conditions and physiological characteristics.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the MIMIC IV 2.2 database, encompassing adult sepsis patients and focusing on those aged 60 and above. Patients were categorized based on BMI according to WHO standards into underweight, normal weight, overweight, and three classes of obesity. The study analyzed the association between BMI categories and clinical outcomes including 28-day, 90-day, and 180-day mortality rates, in-hospital mortality, length of hospital and ICU stays, and duration of mechanical ventilation.
Results
The study included 11,343 elderly sepsis patients. The findings reveal a lower mortality rate in patients with higher BMI categories, suggesting a protective effect of higher BMI against sepsis mortality in the elderly, aligning with the concept of the "obesity paradox." Survival analysis was used to explore the relationship between different Body Mass Index (BMI) categories and survival rates at 28 days, 90 days, and 180 days. The analysis revealed that obese patients generally had longer survival times compared to those with normal or low weight (logrank chi2 186.09, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the analysis indicated that obese patients generally had longer survival times and differentially impacted hospitalization metrics, including length of stay and duration of mechanical ventilation.
Conclusion
This study underscores the intricate relationship between BMI and the prognosis of sepsis in the elderly, highlighting the obesity paradox in this context. It emphasizes the need for personalized treatment strategies that consider the patient's BMI, potentially improving clinical outcomes for elderly sepsis patients. Future research should aim to further elucidate this relationship across diverse populations and validate these findings in prospective clinical trials.
The Remote Provision of Pharmaceutical Products and Services by Retail Pharmacies in Kampala, Uganda; Practices and Challenges
Authors: Fauzi Ibrahim Ali , Kintu Jafari , Luyima Martin , Kyeyune Henry , Rajab Kalidi , Asiimwe Lydia Irene , Bukenya Isah , Kitutu Freddy Eric , Mwawule Fredrick Wadulo , Kutyabami Paul 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:The COVID-19 pandemic significantly increased the demand for remote healthcare services delivery, including remote access to medications. This study explored the practices and challenges associated with remote pharmacy services in Kampala, Uganda.
Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2022, enrolling 174 out of 198 sampled retail pharmacies. Data was collected using a pre-tested questionnaire on remote service provision, platforms used, products offered, delivery methods, and challenges faced.
Results:Over 58% of pharmacies provided remote services, primarily through social media (especially WhatsApp) and phone calls. OTCs and POMs were the most commonly dispensed products remotely. Key challenges identified included high internet costs, labor shortages, poor internet quality, and a lack of specific regulations for remote provision of pharmaceutical products and services.
Conclusion:Remote pharmacy services are becoming increasingly common in Kampala, but they face challenges that need to be addressed. Regulations are crucial to ensure responsible dispensing practices and rational medicine use. Addressing internet affordability and quality, staffing issues, and delivery logistics is essential for sustainable and effective remote pharmacy operations.
A Joint Model of Multiple Intent Recognition and Slot Filling Based on Graph Neural Network
Authors: Huang Jinjie , Tang Huashuai 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Intention recognition and slot filling tasks are two important tasks in oral comprehension, and they are closely related. The study of joint models for both tasks is a current research hotspot. However, most current joint models are based on a single information flow model, only considering the impact of intention on slot information and ignoring the information flow from slot to intention. In response to this issue, this article proposes a joint model based on graph neural networks for multi-intention recognition and slot filling to achieve bidirectional information flow modeling. Among them, BERT is used as a shared encoder to improve the quality of semantic feature extraction. An adaptive graph convolutional network is proposed to extract slot information in intention recognition tasks, facilitating information exchange from slot to intention. In the slot filling task, feature fusion and a graph attention mechanism are employed to aggregate intention information, achieving information flow from intention to slot. Through experimental verification, the bidirectional information exchange effect is evident. Compared with the current GL-GIN model, the total accuracy of the proposed model has been improved by 1.7% and 2.1% on two common datasets, respectively.