bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic impact of metabolic syndrome in patients with primary endometrial cancer: a retrospective bicentric study
Authors: Shehaj Ina , Krajnak Slavomir , Rad Morva Tahmasbi , Gasimli Bahar , Hasenburg Annette , Karn Thomas , Schmidt Marcus , Müller Volker , Becker Sven , Gasimli Khayal 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynaecological cancer. Its incidence has been rising over the years with ageing and increased obesity of the high-income countries’ populations. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been suggested to be associated with EC. The aim of this study was to assess whether MetS has a significant impact on oncological outcome in patients with EC.

Methods
This retrospective study included patients treated for EC between January 2010 and December 2020 in two referral oncological centers. Obesity, arterial hypertension (AH) and diabetes mellitus (DM) were criteria for the definition of MetS. The impact of MetS on progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was assessed with log-rank test and Cox regression analyses.

Results
Among the 415 patients with a median age of 64, 38 (9.2%) fulfilled the criteria for MetS. The median follow-up time was 43 months.
Patients suffering from MetS did not show any significant differences regarding PFS (36.0 vs. 40.0 months, HR: 1.49, 95% CI 0.79–2.80 P = 0.210) and OS (38.0 vs. 43.0 months, HR: 1.66, 95% CI 0.97–2.87, P = 0.063) compared to patients without MetS. Patients with obesity alone had a significantly shorter median PFS compared to patients without obesity (34.5 vs. 44.0 months, P = 0.029). AH and DM separately had no significant impact on PFS or OS (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
In our analysis, MetS in patients with EC was not associated with impaired oncological outcome. However, our findings show that obesity itself is an important comorbidity associated with significantly reduced PFS.
Niche partitioning and individual specialisation in resources and space use of sympatric fur seals at their range margin
Authors: Salton Marcus , Raoult Vincent , Jonsen Ian , Harcourt Robert 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEcological theory predicts niche partitioning between high-level predators living in sympatry as a mechanism to minimise the selective pressure of competition. Accordingly, male Australian fur seals Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus and New Zealand fur seals A. forsteri that live in sympatry should exhibit partitioning in their broad niches (in habitat and trophic dimensions) in order to coexist. However, at the northern end of their distributions in Australia, both are recolonising their historic range after a long absence due to over-exploitation, and their small population sizes suggest competition should be weak and may allow overlap in niche space. We found some niche overlap, yet clear partitioning in diet trophic level (δ15N values from vibrissae), spatial niche space (horizontal and vertical telemetry data) and circadian activity patterns (timing of dives) between males of each species, suggesting competition may remain an active driver of niche partitioning amongst individuals even in small, peripheral populations. Consistent with individual specialisation theory, broad niches of populations were associated with high levels of individual specialisation for both species, despite putative low competition. Specialists in isotopic space were not necessarily specialists in spatial niche space, further emphasising their diverse individual strategies for niche partitioning. Males of each species displayed distinct foraging modes, with Australian fur seals primarily benthic and New Zealand fur seals primarily epipelagic, though unexpectedly high individual specialisation for New Zealand fur seals might suggest marginal populations provide exceptions to the pattern generally observed amongst other fur seals.
The Impacts of Dimensionality, Diffusion, and Directedness on Intrinsic Cross-Model Simulation in Tile-Based Self-Assembly
Authors: Hader Daniel , Patitz Matthew J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMotivated by applications in DNA-nanotechnology, theoretical investigations in algorithmic tile-assembly have blossomed into a mature theory. In addition to computational universality, the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) was shown to be intrinsically universal (FOCS 2012), a strong notion of completeness where a single tile set is capable of simulating the full dynamics of all systems within the model; however, this construction fundamentally required non-deterministic tile attachments. This was confirmed necessary when it was shown that the class of directed aTAM systems, those where all possible sequences of tile attachments result in the same terminal assembly, is not intrinsically universal (FOCS 2016). Furthermore, it was shown that the non-cooperative aTAM, where tiles only need to match on 1 side to bind rather than 2 or more, is not intrinsically universal (SODA 2014) nor computationally universal (STOC 2017). Building on these results to further investigate the other dynamics, Hader et al. examined several tile-assembly models which varied across (1) the numbers of dimensions used, (2) how tiles diffused through space, and (3) whether each system is directed, and determined which models exhibited intrinsic universality (SODA 2020). In this paper we extend those results to provide direct comparisons of the various models against each other by considering intrinsic simulations between models. Our results show that in some cases, one model is strictly more powerful than another, and in others, pairs of models have mutually exclusive capabilities. This paper is a greatly expanded version of that which appeared in ICALP 2023.
Venous thromboembolism chemical prophylaxis after skull base surgery
Authors: Waqar Mueez , Yaseen Omar , Chadwick Annabel , Lee Jing Xian , Khan Ghazn , Evans D. Gareth , Horner Daniel , Jaiswal Archana , Freeman Simon , Bhalla Rajiv , Lloyd Simon , Hammerbeck-Ward Charlotte , Rutherford Scott A. , King Andrew T. , Pathmanaban Omar N. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
There is no guidance surrounding postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis using pharmacological agents (chemoprophylaxis) in patients undergoing skull base surgery. The aim of this study was to compare VTE and intracranial haematoma rates after skull base surgery in patients treated with/without chemoprophylaxis.

Methods
Review of prospective quaternary centre database including adults undergoing first-time skull base surgery (2009–2020). VTE was defined as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) within 6 months of surgery. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine factors predictive of postoperative intracranial haematoma/VTE. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used in group comparisons.

Results
One thousand five hundred fifty-one patients were included with a median age of 52 years (range 16–89 years) and female predominance (62%). Postoperative chemoprophylaxis was used in 81% of patients at a median of 1 day postoperatively. There were 12 VTE events (1.2%), and the use of chemoprophylaxis did not negate the risk of VTE entirely (p > 0.99) and was highest on/after postoperative day 6 (9/12 VTE events). There were 18 intracranial haematomas (0.8%), and after PSM, chemoprophylaxis did not significantly increase the risk of an intracranial haematoma (p > 0.99). Patients administered chemoprophylaxis from postoperative days 1 and 2 had similar rates of intracranial haematomas (p = 0.60) and VTE (p = 0.60), affirmed in PSM.

Conclusion
Postoperative chemoprophylaxis represents a relatively safe strategy in patients undergoing skull base surgery. We advocate a personalised approach to chemoprophylaxis and recommend it on postoperative days 1 or 2 when indicated.
Development of a workflow to build optimal machine learning models for stress concentration factor regression
Authors: Tunsch Paul , Becker Nils , Schlecht Berthold 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the design of shafts for drivetrains, it is important to have precise knowledge of the effective stress in critical notches. In nominal stress approaches, stress concentration factors are used to estimate the stress in the notch based on geometric properties of the shaft. They can be calculated using numerical methods like finite element method, which can be time consuming. Analytical equations have been developed for simple geometries, like shaft shoulders and round grooves, they are less accurate but much faster than numerical solutions. In this paper, machine learning is used to combine the advantages of both solutions. A process chain to develop models for the calculation of stress concentration factors is presented. It consists of methods to process data, creation and training of regression models and evaluation of the results. This toolbox allows different regression models to be used for different tasks without the need for major changes to the source code. The process is illustrated for shaft shoulders under tension and compression, bending and torsion. The resulting model is capable of calculating stress concentration factors with better accuracy than common analytical approaches while having comparable computation time.
Global burden of young-onset gastric cancer: a systematic trend analysis of the global burden of disease study 2019
Authors: Li Yunhao , Hahn Anne I. , Laszkowska Monika , Jiang Fang , Zauber Ann G. , Leung Wai K. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
While gastric cancer is generally declining globally, the temporal trend of young-onset (< 40 years) gastric cancer remains uncertain. We performed this analysis to determine the temporal trends of young-onset gastric cancer compared to late-onset cancer (≥ 40 years).

Methods
We extracted cross-sectional data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. The burden of gastric cancer from 1990 to 2019 was assessed through indicators including incidence and mortality rates, which were classified at global, national, and regional levels, and according to socio-demographic indexes (SDI) and age or sex groups. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify specific years with significant changes. The correlation between AAPC with countries' average SDI was tested by Pearson’s Test.

Results
The global incidence rate of young-onset gastric cancer decreased from 2.20 (per 100,000) in 1990 to 1.65 in 2019 (AAPC: − 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI] − 1.25 to − 0.65; P < 0.001). Late-onset cancer incidence also decreased from 59.53 (per 100,000) in 1990 to 41.26 in 2019 (AAPC: − 1.23; 95% CI − 1.39 to − 1.06, P < 0.001). Despite an overall decreasing trend, the incidence rate of young-onset cancer demonstrated a significant increase from 2015 to 2019 (annual percentage change [APC]: 1.39; 95% CI 0.06 to 2.74; P = 0.041), whereas no upward trend was observed in late-onset cancer. Mortality rates of young- and late-onset cancer both exhibited a significant decline during this period (AAPC: − 1.82; 95% CI − 2.15 to − 1.56; P < 0.001 and AAPC: − 1.69, 95% CI − 1.79 to − 1.59; P < 0.001). The male-to-female rate ratio for incidence and mortality in both age groups have been increasing since 1990. While countries with high SDI have had a greater decline in the incidence of late-onset gastric cancer (slope of AAPC change: − 0.20, P = 0.004), it was not observed in young-onset cancer (slope of AAPC change: − 0.11, P = 0.13).

Conclusions
The global incidence and mortality rates of both young- and late-onset gastric cancer have decreased since 1990. However, the incidence rate of young-onset cancer has demonstrated a small but significant upward trend since 2015. There was disparity in the decline in young-onset gastric cancer among male and high SDI countries. These findings could help to inform future strategies in preventing gastric cancer in younger individuals.
Japanese Classification of Esophageal Cancer, 12th Edition: Part I
Authors: Mine Shinji , Tanaka Koji , Kawachi Hiroshi , Shirakawa Yasuhiro , Kitagawa Yuko , Toh Yasushi , Yasuda Takushi , Watanabe Masayuki , Kamei Takashi , Oyama Tsuneo , Seto Yasuyuki , Murakami Kentaro , Arai Tomio , Muto Manabu , Doki Yuichiro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis is the first half of English edition of Japanese Classification of Esophageal Cancer, 12th Edition that was published by the Japan Esophageal Society in 2022.
Quantifying and explaining machine learning uncertainty in predictive process monitoring: an operations research perspective
Authors: Mehdiyev Nijat , Majlatow Maxim , Fettke Peter 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the rapidly evolving landscape of manufacturing, the ability to make accurate predictions is crucial for optimizing processes. This study introduces a novel framework that combines predictive uncertainty with explanatory mechanisms to enhance decision-making in complex systems. The approach leverages Quantile Regression Forests for reliable predictive process monitoring and incorporates Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) to identify the drivers of predictive uncertainty. This dual-faceted strategy serves as a valuable tool for domain experts engaged in process planning activities. Supported by a real-world case study involving a medium-sized German manufacturing firm, the article validates the model’s effectiveness through rigorous evaluations, including sensitivity analyses and tests for statistical significance. By seamlessly integrating uncertainty quantification with explainable artificial intelligence, this research makes a novel contribution to the evolving discourse on intelligent decision-making in complex systems.
BRCA1/2 mutation carriers vs the general breast cancer population (N = 799,986): 21-gene assay-based molecular characterization
Authors: Yerushalmi Rinat , Pomerantz Adi , Lewin Ron , Paluch-Shimon Shani , Soussan-Gutman Lior , Baehner Frederick L. , Voet Hillary , Bareket-Samish Avital , Kedar Inbal , Goldberg Yael , Peretz-Yablonski Tamar , Kadouri Luna 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We compared 21-gene recurrence score (RS) distribution and expression of the single-gene/gene groups within this assay between BC patients with pathogenic variants (PV) in BRCA1/2 vs the general 21-gene-tested BC population.

Methods
This retrospective study included consecutive 21-gene-tested female ER + HER2-negative BC patients with germline PVs in BRCA1/2. RS/gene expression data were compared to a previously described commercial use database (CDB, N = 799,986). Chi-square and 1-sample t test were used to compare RS distribution and single-gene/gene group scores between the study group and the CDB.

Results
Study group patients (N = 81) were younger and their RS results were higher compared to the CDB (age: median [IQR], 56 [47–61.5] vs 60 [51–67] years; p < 0.001; proportion of patients with RS ≥ 26: 49.4% vs 16.4%, p < 0.001). Expression of 12/16 cancer genes in the assay and the ER, proliferation, and invasion gene group scores differed significantly between the study group and the CDB, all in a direction contributing to higher RS. The differences between the study group and the CDB were mostly retained, upon stratifying the patients by menopausal status.

Conclusion
BC patients with PVs in BRCA1/2 have higher RS results that stem from distinct gene expression profiles in the majority of genes in the 21-gene assay.
Preparing Colombian coffee production for climate change: Integrated spatial modelling to identify potential robusta coffee (Coffea canephora P.) growing areas
Authors: González-Orozco Carlos E. , Porcel Mario , Byrareddy Vivekananda Mittahalli , Rahn Eric , Cardona William A. , Velandia Diego A. Salinas , Araujo-Carrillo Gustavo A. , Kath Jarrod 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMeeting future demand for coffee under climate change is a challenge. Approaches that can inform where coffee may grow best under current and future climate scenarios are needed. Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora P.) is planted in many tropical areas and makes up around 40% of the world’s coffee supply. However, as the climate shifts, current robusta areas may become less productive, while in other areas new growing regions for robusta may emerge. Colombia is one of the world’s most important Arabica coffee producer, famous for its high-quality coffee. Although robusta coffee is not yet a commercial crop in Colombia, it could be one of the future bastions for robusta coffee in South America contributing to meeting the increasing demand, but this remains unexplored. We aimed to identify areas with highest biophysical and socio-economic potential to grow robusta coffee in Colombia. An integrated modelling approach was used, combining climate suitability and crop-yield modelling for current and future climate scenarios, soil constraints, pest risk assessment and socio-economic constraints to identify the regions with the highest potential productivity and the lowest pest and climate change risks with good market access and low security risks which don’t further expand the agricultural frontier. Our results showed that parts of the foothills along the eastern Andean Mountain ranges, the high plains of the Orinoquía region and the wet parts of the Caribbean region are the best candidates for the potential development of robusta coffee plantations in Colombia. The crop-yield model indicated highest yields of green coffee on the foothills of the eastern Andean Mountain range with an estimated average yield of 2.6 t ha−1 (under rain-fed conditions) which is projected to occur at elevations below 600 m avoiding interference with the traditional and established Arabica coffee regions in Colombia. Under a 2 °C global warming scenario climate change is projected to have the largest impacts on the Caribbean region. Therefore, larger scale irrigated production system could be an appropriate option in the Caribbean region, while diversified smallholder robusta coffee agroforestry systems are considered more favourable in the Orinoquía region.
Underestimations of the income-based ecological footprint inequality
Authors: Andretti Bernardo , Vieites Yan , Ramos Guilherme A. , Elmor Larissa , Andrade Eduardo B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrevious research has demonstrated that the wealthy harm the environment to a much greater extent than those with lesser means. According to recent estimates, the wealthiest 1% of the world’s population emit 50% more CO2 than the bottom half of the income distribution. The reason for this inequality is clear: affluence boosts consumption, which in turn increases the ecological footprint. Although the phenomenon seems intuitive, little is known as to whether the layperson notices it. The current study assesses the extent to which individuals recognize or fail to notice such massive ecological footprint inequality and why misperceptions may arise. Across four preregistered studies (N = 1,188) conducted in a highly unequal socio-economic environment (Brazil), we show that people often fail to accurately perceive the meaningful ecological footprint inequality that surrounds them. These misperceptions are explained by people’s (a) failure to properly incorporate the impact of income-based differences in consumption in their ecological footprint assessments and (b) tendency to associate wealth with superior environmental education, greater resources to act sustainably, and better local infrastructure (e.g., cleaner paved streets and proper waste collection). Emphasizing the lack of infrastructure in deprived neighborhoods further exacerbates the misperceptions, whereas highlighting key differences in consumption habits across the socio-economic spectrum increases accuracy. This research, thus, identifies the factors that magnify existing misperceptions in ecological footprint inequality and provides avenues for policymakers to reduce such mistakes.
Classification-driven intelligent system for automated evaluation of higher education exam paper quality
Authors: Ahmed Hosnia M. M. , Sorour Shaymaa E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEvaluating the quality of university exam papers is crucial for universities seeking institutional and program accreditation. Currently, exam papers are assessed manually, a process that can be tedious, lengthy, and in some cases, inconsistent. This is often due to the focus on assessing only the formal specifications of exam papers. This study develops an intelligent system for the automatic evaluation of university exam papers in terms of form and content, ensuring adherence to quality standards. The system is composed of two subsystems: the first evaluates compliance with formal specifications, and the second analyzes the content. The content analysis involves automatically categorizing exam questions based on Bloom's cognitive levels (BCLs) and determining the representation ratio of these levels in the exam paper. This subsystem comprises four main modules: 1) question collection, 2) text pre-processing using natural language processing (NLP) methods, 3) feature engineering using the CountVectorizer method to convert questions into feature vectors, and 4) a classification module based on the Logistic Regression (LR) algorithm to categorize exam questions into categories like knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. Experimental results indicate that the system achieves an average accuracy of 98.5%.
Inner and Outer Versions of Hyper-Elasticity
Authors: Pedregal Pablo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThrough suitable changes of variables for a typical problem in hyper-elasticity, either in the reference or deformed configurations, one can setup and analyze versions of the same problem in terms of inner or outer maps or variations. Though such kind of transformations are part of the classical background in the Calculus of Variations, we explore under what sets of hypotheses such versions can be shown to have minimizers and be equivalent to the standard form of the problem. Such sets of hypotheses lead naturally to some distinct poly-convex energy densities for hyper-elasticity. Likewise we explore optimality in either of the two forms through a special way to generate one-parameter families of feasible deformations, feasibility including injectivity and non-interpenetration of matter.
Mid-Surface Scaling Invariance of Some Bending Strain Measures
Authors: Acharya Amit 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe mid-surface scaling invariance of bending strain measures proposed in (Int. J. Solids Struct. 37(39):5517–5528, 2000) is discussed in light of the work of (J. Elast. 146(1):83–141, 2021).
Selective unidirectional median crack propagation in glass achieved by mechanical scribing
Authors: Itoh Sho , Matsusaka Souta , Hidai Hirofumi , Murakami Kumiko , Kitaichi Mitsuru 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis work reports a selective median crack propagation phenomenon in glass, leading to a novel glass cutting process. We found that by scribing a glass sample to the extent of plastic deformation with a deformation depth of 100–400 nm, followed by inducing an initial crack, a subsurface crack with a depth of ~ 10 μm was propagated backward along the centerline of the scribed region with a speed of 1 μm/s order. The crack depth and propagation speed were increased by increasing the scribing load. We conclude that the propagation direction was determined by the effect of the shear stress caused by a scribing tip sliding motion.