bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Furnace Tail Weld Failure Analysis of the B35.1-Pressure Vessel
Authors: Zhong Fengping , Yu Ting , Xu Weirong , Zhang Fang , Zhang Fangfang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Leakage failure is caused by cracks in the weld joint between the body and flange of a pressure vessel. The container body material is graded as P460NH according to the European standard. It operates at a working temperature of 750 °C and a work pressure of 1.5 MPa. It undergone heating once every half a month. The instrument has been in service for 12 years. The crack is located at the weld joint of the flange connection at the end of the pressure vessel with a significant accumulation of black deposits on the interior surface of the reaction kettle. The medium in the production process is nitrogen, coke steam and asphalt steam mixture (including “S”). Macroscopic analysis, physical metallographic inspection, mechanical property analysis and chemical composition inspection of the failure parts are carried out to determine the cause of fracture failure of the pressure vessel B35.1 furnace tail weld. The results show that there are no detailed corrosion thinning areas in the failure parts, there are corrosion products on the surface and the corrosion cracks are distributed in a spatial network, which has the characteristics of stress corrosion. The corrosion causes should be sulfide stress corrosion caused by environment.
Long term aging studies of the new PMTs used for the HL-LHC ATLAS hadron calorimeter upgrade
Authors: Chiarelli G. , Leone S. , Scuri F. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The central hadron calorimeter (TileCal) of the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
is a sampling calorimeter
read out by
about 10,000 photomultipliers
(PMTs). Earlier studies of performance showed a degradation in PMTs response as a function of the
integrated anode charge. At the end of the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) program, the expected
integrated anode charge for PMTs reading out the most exposed cells is 600 C, and their
projected response loss is 25%.
These PMTs (≈ 8% of the total TileCal PMTs) will
be replaced with a newer version PMT with the same geometry.
A test set-up is being used in the Pisa laboratory to study the
long term response of this new PMT model
and compare it to the
old PMT model currently installed in TileCal. For the first time this
new PMT has been tested after integrating more than 800 C of anode charge. Preliminary
results obtained from data collected in Pisa over a period exceeding two years are
shown in this paper. We also introduce a preliminary study aimed to disentangle the contribution to
the PMT response degradation due to the loss of quantum efficiency and to the change in absolute
gain.
Exact exponent for atypicality of random quantum states
Authors: Wakakuwa Eyuri 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We study the properties of the random quantum states induced from the uniformly random pure states on a bipartite quantum system by taking the partial trace over the larger subsystem. Most of the previous studies have adopted a viewpoint of ‘concentration of measure’ and have focused on the behavior of the states close to the average. In contrast, we investigate the large deviation regime, where the states may be far from the average. We prove the following results: first, the probability that the induced random state is within a given set decreases no slower or faster than exponential in the dimension of the subsystem traced out. Second, the exponent is equal to the quantum relative entropy of the maximally mixed state and the given set, multiplied by the dimension of the remaining subsystem. Third, the total probability of a given set strongly concentrates around the element closest to the maximally mixed state, a property that we call conditional concentration. Along the same line, we also investigate an asymptotic behavior of coherence of random pure states in a single system with large dimensions.
Factors, variables, and aspects Sabo Dam modelling capacity based on the Purwantoro Sabo Dam index model
Authors: Rahadiansyah S 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Volcanic disaster risk mitigation cannot be perceived as a separating part of disaster management. Sabo Dam technology applied as lahar controller infrastructure that is part of management disaster and widely used in Indonesia. Purwantoro Sabo Dam Performance Index Model estimates the general functionality of a sabo dam in one index number. The simple calculation steps had been made which is conveniently usable and answer further practical demand such as operation and maintenance necessity, rehabilitation – newly construction prioritization decision support system, or emergency inspection aspect. Purwantoro Formula composed variables and factors that can be developed into more practical usage in the outcome approach. Capacity estimation over the Purwantoro Index is used as a disaster management approach to create capacity functions. Reviews of the actual capacity of compatibility of the three hierarchical factors, variables, and aspects are needed. It is carried out using a structural equation model with the partial least square method. The compatibility among the structures and outcome of capacity generates twenty-five grouped by nine components that are under three aspects (physical, regulative, and social) that suit the sabo dam’s potential capacity. The three hierarchical structures of aspect, component, and indicator are valid and appropriate to fulfill the t-test.
Potential deformation assessment of Semantok Main Dam in North Nganjuk Region at East Java Indonesia
Authors: Suprijanto H , Sayekti R W , Pratama R R , Wiyata F A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Semantok Dam was constructed using a zone l embankment type and required safety measures for deformation control. This study aims to understand material specifications, geological conditions, and deformation behavior. The results of the material specifications indicate that the core material and fine filter material meet the design criteria. The geological conditions comprise sand, sandstone, and claystone. The rock’s bearing capacity and settlement in the core zone are considered safe. The elastic vertical deformation of the foundation, analyzed using a flexible foundation approach by Lord, is estimated to be between 4.36 and 6.10 cm. Dynamic analysis is also performed using the Plaxis 8.6 version software to estimate deformation. The software input includes soil properties from the borrow and quarry areas surrounding the dam site. Earthquake design criteria are based on the Operating Basis Earthquake (OBE) with a 100-year return period and the Maximum Design Earthquake (MDE) with a 10,000-year return period. The dynamic analysis results indicate that the maximum deformation during a 100-year return period earthquake is 7.37 cm (horizontal deformation) and 12.68 cm (vertical deformation). In the case of a 10,000-year return period earthquake, the maximum deformation is 83.41 cm (horizontal deformation) and 175 cm (vertical deformation) during rapid drawdown.
Adsorption isotherm and kinetic study of Bengkulu Kaolinite in removing ferrous cation by continuous operation
Authors: Ratnaningsih W , Shabrina H M , Prayogo W , Rahmah N , Azizah R N 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Iron is a chemical element that is found in groundwater that can be suspended in the form of ferrous cations. Iron presence that exceeds the threshold can cause detrimental effects such as piping corrosion, bad smells, and health problems. According to observations, groundwater in Sukarame, Bandar Lampung, has smells and colors that indicate iron metal contamination. Hence, it is necessary to research reducing the iron content. The method used in this research is the adsorption method using kaolin adsorbent that has been activated by physical activation at 700°C. The adsorption was conducted continuously with various reactor heights of 20 cm, 15 cm, and 10 cm. The results showed that the most significant reduction in efficiency was found in the adsorption using reactors with a height of 20 cm by 92%. The adsorption phenomenon using a reactor height of 20 cm followed the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9255) with an adsorption capacity of 17.03 mg/g. The kinetic data correlated well with the pseudo-second-order equation (R2 = 0.9313). It can be concluded that kaolin adsorbent can reduce iron levels, in which the adsorption using reactors with a height of 20 cm is the most effective.
Water use optimization of Benel Reservoir in Jembrana Regency, Bali Province
Authors: Haditama I G N H R , Aryastana P , Yujana C A , Candrayana K W 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Benel Reservoir has a storage capacity of 1.71 million cubic meters (MCM) and has been supplying water for irrigation purposes. In line with population growth, the Benel Reservoir is projected to be capable of meeting the domestic water demand in the Jembrana Regency. As a result, this research aimed to determine the optimal water use in the Benel Reservoir for irrigation and domestic uses. The irrigation water requirements are necessary for an area of 1,047.3 hectares, while the domestic water demands are 64 l/s. F.J Mock Method of rainfall-runoff model is used to calculate water availability using 10 years of daily rainfall data and has been calibrated using observed discharged data from the Benel water level gauge station. The optimization model is formulated using linear programming. During wet years, the optimization result for water utilization with inflow discharge yields a cropping intensity value of 300%. The cropping intensity value of 287.50% in the scenario of normal inflow discharge. Furthermore, the cropping intensity value is 275% in the case of dry-year inflow discharge. Irrigation and domestic water demand met the minimum value limit of 0.70 and 0.85 for the k-factor. The reliability in supplying irrigation and domestic water reached 100%.
Flood peak estimation for the keureuto watershed using the hydrological modeling system HEC-HMS
Authors: Rama B. , Fadhliani  , Khairullah Y. , Fasdarsyah  , Meutia S , Anugrah M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Keureuto watershed has been the water resource used mainly for irrigation and municipal use. Extreme rainfall along with changes in the system may trigger rainfall excess causing flood at downstream. The occurrences may impact the usability of the system that supports the water resources supply. Investigating the impact of the floods requires initial research on the rainfall-runoff process of the watershed system. Rainfall-runoff modeling is an approach widely used for estimating the discharge hydrograph of the river as the result of the processes. The HEC-HMS rainfall-runoff model tool is applied in this study to estimate the peak flood discharge for the Keureto watershed located in the North Aceh region. The data used are satellite Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) data and Automatic Water Level Recorder (AWLR) data at the watershed outlet. The 302 km2 Keureuto Watershed is divided into 23 sub-basins for the HEC-HMS model. The SCS Curve Number is applied to the model. The simulated freturncompared to the observed flow using the Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency criteria which returns the NSE value of 0.38 for seven years simulation, based on data of year 2015 to 2021. At an event based on October 2020 to March 2021, the NSE value returns 0.52, satisfactory for the simulation data range. The highest peak of the event is captured by the model simulation in the timing and the magnitude which value lower 20% from the observed flow.
Performance index model of simple waterworks system
Authors: Hidayat M M , Andawayanti U 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This research intends to build a performance index model of the simple waterworks system, in Indonesia known as Sistem Penyediaan Air Sedehana (SiPAS). This research used 25 SiPAS located across the Brantas River Area in East Java Province, Indonesia, to build the SiPAS performance index model. The Brantas River Area is vital for East Java Province to supply clean water for all inhabitants dwelling in urban and rural areas. The Brantas River Area is a regional unit of water resources management with an area of 1,410,300 hectares that consists of 220 watersheds, including the Brantas watershed as the most significant watershed, four small watersheds in the northern and the estuary in the Java Sea, and 215 small watersheds in the southern and the estuary in the Indian Ocean. Therefore, this research used the Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG) method to build the SiPAS performance index model using technical, social, and management variables. The results of this research derived the coefficients of technical, social, and management aspects through GRG data processing are 0.7833, 0.1011, and 0.1156, sequentially. The measurement with the SiPAS performance index model can evaluate performance and serve as a successful parameter in the operation and maintenance of SiPAS to provide clean water.
Numerical simulation and redesign of Kamar Kajang Levee against Mount Semeru lahar flood based on HEC-RAS 2D non-newtonian flow model
Authors: Satria H , Nurfaida W , Kurniawan A , Iswardoyo J , Sulaiman M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Mount Semeru is one of the most active volcanoes in Indonesia where the pyroclastic, debris, and mudflows from its activities have severely damaged its surrounding areas. On December 4, 2021, Mount Semeru erupted, followed by intense rainfall, and damaged the Kamar Kajang Levee after a lahar flood event. The collapsed Levee was located along the Leprak Lumajang River, one of the natural drainage systems for Mount Semeru. The dyke failure had led to severe economic loss. Thus, reconstruction of the training dyke is highly important. In response, this research aims to propose an improvement to the Kamar Kajang Levee. This study was done through field observation, numerical simulation, and levee design calculation. The Non-Newtonian algorithm in HEC-RAS 6.2 was employed to model the flood events. The 2D model has been verified using a Sentinel-2 image and has shown a 90.7% similarity of inundated area after flooded by at least 214 m3/s of flood discharge, equivalent to a 5-year design discharge. The engineering design analysis shows that an additional 3.5 m height is needed to anticipate future floods and mitigate events effectively.
Empirical design for the excavation method and support system at Budong-Budong Dam Diversion Tunnel, Central Mamuju, West Sulawesi Province
Authors: Hardwiyanto S , Setiawan H 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Budong-Budong Dam, located in the West Sulawesi Province of Indonesia, was designed to use a tunnel to divert river flow during the dam construction. The Rock Mass Rating was used to examine the tunnel design with a less detailed drill core investigation. The rock strength parameter is only based on the field estimation. The entire diversion tunnel will pass through Breccia with weak strength. Evaluation is required using integrated and precise data to guarantee safety during and post-construction. The RMR classification was used to determine the excavation and preliminary tunnel support, while the Q-System was used to compare the support of the tunnel. Those classifications were used to anticipate the geological conditions uncertainty. Geological data were collected by geological mapping, evaluation of subsurface drilling, and laboratory analysis. The tunnel will pass through a Tuffaceous Breccia and Tuffaceous Sandstone insert of Tuffaceous Siltstone. In addition, a poor-quality rock was found around the inlet and outlet, and a fair-quality rock in the middle of the tunnel. Hence, drilling and blasting were recommended for the excavation. The tunnel’s proposed support system included shotcrete, wire mesh, and rock bolts in the middle of the tunnel. Steel sets are added around the inlet and outlet.
Identification of species composing the Bagik Batu mangrove ecosystem, Jerowaru, Indonesia
Authors: Irwansah  , Hadi Samsul , Aminuddin Muhammad , Mahariyanti Ermila 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Preserving mangrove ecosystems is an important part of several global warming mitigation efforts. The latest information about the existence of mangrove ecosystems is important information for evaluating the current condition of mangrove forests. This research aims to examine the species that make up the Bagik Batu mangrove ecosystem in Jerowaru, Indonesia. Information related to the condition of the Bagik Batu mangrove ecosystem can be initial information for policy decisions by policymakers in formulating policies related to global warming mitigation. This research is descriptive (Survey). Area samples were taken using purposive sampling and the plot sampling method (random), and then many mangrove individuals were identified based on their morphological characteristics, starting from leaves, flowers, fruit, seeds, stems, and roots. In addition, the data used in this study are data on the number of individuals per species and environmental parameter data such as pH, temperature, salinity, and substrate type. The research results show that the Bagik Batu mangrove ecosystem consists of several types of mangrove species, namely Avicennia alba, Calotropis gigantea, Lumnitzera racemosa, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora stylosa, and Sonneratia alba.
Assessing the impact and resilience of the community in the aftermath of a small-scale tornado: A field survey-based analysis
Authors: Hidayat Agung , Deristani Anggun , Khoiriyah Siti 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Extreme weather can lead to the formation of small-scale tornadoes. Tornadoes are generated by cumulonimbus clouds resulting from convection or orographic lifting of an unstable air mass interacting with a relatively warm air mass within a frontal boundary. The village of Donohudan experienced a small-scale tornado event that resulted in damage to buildings, yards, power infrastructure, and injuries to individuals. This was the first time the community faced a small-scale tornado event, leading to a lack of understanding in handling the aftermath. The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of and resilience to small-scale tornadoes among the population. The research methodology involves field surveys to determine the extent of damage based on the Beaufort scale. The Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) is employed as a measurement criterion to assess community resilience. The predominant damages were light structural damages and flying roofs caused by the small-scale tornado. Donohudan village demonstrated a moderate level of resilience to small-scale tornadoes, influenced by factors such as flexibility in adapting to changes and challenges, support from family and social networks, spiritual influence, and having a goal-oriented life.
Waste and Marble Waste Variations on the Compressive Strength and Permeability of Porous Concrete
Authors: Kurnianingsih Oktavia , Abid Muhammad , Putra Firdaus Haidar , Tri Ashari Hasan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Development in supporting an area causes many undeveloped areas to become built up, reducing the ability of the soil to absorb rainwater, so that it flows on the ground surface and causes flooding.Handling flooding due to reduced green open land is one of them by using porous concrete in built-up areas. Porous concrete can drain water from the surface into the ground. This study aims to determine the mixture variation on the compressive strength and permeability values of porous concrete. This research uses the ACI522R-10 method with several variations of added materials. The volume addition of additives was determined by experimental method. The test results show that the compressive strength value of porous concrete shows an increase with age. The average compressive strength in mixture 2 with 40% granite waste and 4% marble waste variation resulted in 11.58 MPa.Permeability testing results that meet the requirements of ACI-522R-10 in mixture 1 with a variation of 20% granite waste and 4% marble waste. The use of granite waste with a high percentage increases the compressive strength of concrete but for the permeability value obtained by the variation of marble waste with a small percentage. Research obtained variations that can be used in the manufacture of environmentally friendly beporous concrete by utilizing waste.
The relationship between healthy behavior and environmental sanitation with water quality in stunting occurrence work area of Sikabu Community Health Center Padang Pariaman
Authors: Yuniarti E , Raharini H 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Stunting is a long-term nutritional deficiency from insufficient intake and recurrent infectious diseases. One of the factors that can influence stunting is the limited access to clean water. This research analyzes the relationship between healthy behavior and environmental sanitation with water quality in stunting occurrences. This is a quantitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. The population includes all mothers with stunted toddlers in the working area of Sikabu Community Health Center, Padang Pariaman Regency, totaling 49 individuals. The sampling technique employed was total sampling. Behavior and sanitation assessments were conducted using a questionnaire. Data collection took place from September 14 to 18, 2023. Microbiological parameters were evaluated using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method, while inorganic chemical parameters were assessed using spectrophotometry. Data processing involved Spearman rank statistical tests, where a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The research results indicate a significant relationship (p<0.05) between behavior and microbiological and inorganic chemical water quality parameters, with correlation coefficients of 0.745 and 0.604, respectively. There is a significant relationship (p<0.05) between sanitation and microbiological and inorganic chemical water quality parameters, with correlation coefficients of 0.658 and 0.520, respectively. This study concludes that there is a significant relationship between good behavior that has a positive impact on sanitation and drinking water quality on the level of stunting in the Sikabu Puskesmas working area of Padang Pariaman Regency with a correlation coefficient of (p<0.05).
Justification for mining overburden without the use of conveyor transport at the Pivnichnyi open pit of the Pokrovskyi mining and processing enterprise
Authors: Cherep Andrii , Pilova Daria 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The current state of mining operations in the open pits of the Pokrovsky mining and processing enterprise has been analyzed, where the shortcomings of existing technological schemes have been identified. Technical and organizational criteria have been identified that must be met by technological schemes for overburden and mining operations for the open-pits of the Pokrovsky mining and processing enterprise, where conveyor transport is used. Five technological schemes have been proposed for the Pivnichnyi open-pit, which provide for the reallocation of the height of overburden benches and the movement of overburden only to internal dumps without the use of conveyors. The dependences of the height of the internal dump and its resulting angle of slope on the re-excavation factor for the proposed technological schemes were obtained. The indicators have been calculated at which the most operating efficiency of mining and transport equipment for the Pivnichnyi open-pit of the Pokrovsky mining and processing enterprise (MPE) will be achieved and complete extraction of overburden rocks with cross movement to the internal dump without the use of conveyor transport will be ensured, and the production capacity of the quarry is also given according to the demand for ore.