bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population structure and reproductive indicators of the surubim Pseudoplatystoma punctifer (Siluriformes, Pimelodidae) in the São Miguel River, Amazon basin, Brazil
Authors: de Oliveira Dias Jordy , Zanchi Fabrício Berton , Zacardi Diego Maia , Oliveira Lucas Silva , de Vargas Schons Sandro , Sousa Raniere Garcez Costa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFish is an important source of food and income for a significant portion of the Amazonian population, especially those who live along the rivers and lakes in the region. Pseudoplatystoma punctifer (Castelnau, 1855), known as surubim, is a species of Neotropical catfish widely exploited by fisheries and commercially valuable in the Guaporé River basin, Brazil. However, population dynamics are poorly known in the region. To understand the population structure and reproductive biology aspects of the surubim, monthly experimental fisheries were carried out in the São Miguel River, state of Rondônia, Brazil, between August 2020 and July 2021. The captured fish were weighed, and its gonads were removed and weighed for histological analyses (microscopic description) and classification of the maturation stages (macroscopic description). The collected gonads were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, dehydrated, cut into 4‐μm‐thick sections, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. A total of 34 individuals were collected (20 females and 14 males), showing positive allometric growth and condition factor from 0.81 to 1.79 for females and males, respectively. Females were larger in size and weight than males. P. punctifer reaches its first maturation at an average length of 68.30 cm, indicating the importance of respecting the minimum capture size as an alternative to ensure the natural stocks of this fishery resource in the region. The results provide support for the establishment of public policies and actions for conservation, management, and regulation of fishing.
Goal setting among older adults starting mobile health cardiac rehabilitation in the RESILIENT trial
Authors: Shwayder Elianna , Dodson John A. , Tellez Kelly , Johanek Camila , Adhikari Samrachana , Meng Yuchen , Schoenthaler Antoinette , Jennings Lee A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is growing recognition that healthcare should align with individuals' health priorities; however, these priorities remain undefined, especially among older adults. The Rehabilitation Using Mobile Health for Older Adults with Ischemic Heart Disease in the Home Setting (RESILIENT) trial, designed to test the efficacy of mobile health cardiac rehabilitation (mHealth‐CR) in an older cohort, also measures the attainment of participant‐defined health outcome goals as a prespecified secondary endpoint. This study aimed to characterize the health priorities of older adults with ischemic heart disease (IHD) using goal attainment scaling—a technique for measuring individualized goal achievement—in a sample of 100 RESILIENT participants.MethodsThe ongoing RESILIENT trial randomizes patients aged ≥65 years with IHD (defined as hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome and/or coronary revascularization), to receive mHealth‐CR or usual care. For the current study, we qualitatively coded baseline goal attainment scales from randomly selected batches of 20 participants to identify participants' cardiac rehabilitation outcome goals and their perceptions of barriers and action plans for goal attainment. We used a deductive framework (i.e., 4 value categories from Patient Priorities Care) and inductive approaches to code and analyze interviews until thematic saturation.ResultsThis sample of 100 older adults set diverse health outcome goals. Most (54.6%) prioritized physical activity, fewer (17.1%) identified symptom management, fewer still (13.7%) prioritized health metrics, mostly comprised of weight loss goals (10.3%), and the fewest (<4%) were related to clinical metrics such as reducing cholesterol or preventing hospital readmission. Participants anticipated extrinsic (access to places to exercise, time) and intrinsic (non‐cardiac pain, motivation) barriers. Action plans detailed strategies for exercise, motivation, accountability, and overcoming time constraints.ConclusionsUsing goal attainment scaling, we elicited specific and measurable goals among older adults with IHD beginning cardiac rehabilitation. Priorities were predominantly functional, diverging from clinical metrics emphasized by clinicians and healthcare systems.
Tumor immune microenvironment in odontogenic carcinomas: Evaluation of the therapeutic potential of immune checkpoint blockade
Authors: Oh Kyu‐Young , Hong Seong‐Doo , Yoon Hye‐Jung 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite recent advances in the use of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) across various cancer types, its efficacy in odontogenic carcinomas remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate PD‐L1 expression and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in odontogenic carcinomas to determine the therapeutic potential of ICB and the significance of immune markers.MethodsThe expressions of PD‐L1 and T cell markers (CD3, CD8, and FOXP3) were visualized by immunohistochemistry in 21 tissue samples of odontogenic carcinomas. Tumoral PD‐L1 expression and the density and spatial distribution of T cell subsets were evaluated, from which TIME was determined. The associations of the variables with clinicopathological and prognostic factors were statistically analyzed.ResultsPD‐L1 was positively expressed in 52.4% (11/21) of the cases studied. Among tumor types, ameloblastic carcinoma showed significantly higher PD‐L1 expression (p = 0.016). TIME based on the intratumoral and stromal T cell distribution was immune‐inflamed in 61.9% (13/21) and immune‐excluded in 38.1% (8/21), with no immune‐desert cases. PD‐L1 expression was associated with the densities of all intratumoral T cell subsets (p = 0.03 for CD3, p = 0.03 for CD8, and p = 0.008 for FOXP3) but not with those of stromal T cells. High PD‐L1 expression was associated with larger tumor size (p = 0.021), while the intratumoral CD8/CD3 ratio was inversely correlated with tumor size (p = 0.048).ConclusionThese findings indicate the involvement of adaptive immune resistance in a subset of odontogenic carcinomas and support the therapeutic potential of ICB in patients with these rare malignancies.
Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus treated with acetazolamide
Authors: Du Plessis Wesley , Chothia Mogamat‐Yazied 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCongenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (CNDI) is a rare disorder. The condition is characterised by an inability of distal nephron segments to respond to normal or raised concentrations of serum antidiuretic hormone. In this report, we describe the case of a 13‐year‐old male known with CNDI who experienced a pedestrian vehicle accident leading to coma following a head injury. Intra‐operatively, severe hypernatraemia and polyuria were observed. Following an inadequate response to conventional therapy, acetazolamide was prescribed resulting in an immediate response to therapy. To the best of our knowledge, acetazolamide has not been previously documented as a therapeutic option for CNDI. Additional research is necessary before considering the recommendation of acetazolamide for cases of NDI that do not respond adequately to conventional treatments.
The effect of case‐based teaching method on professional competence and clinical decision‐making levels of public health nursing students: A sequential explanatory mixed‐methods study
Authors: Sümen Adem , Adibelli Derya 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of case‐based teaching method applied to fourth year nursing students on their professional competence and clinical decision‐making levels.DesignA quasi‐experimental design study with a sequential‐exploratory mixed‐method approach.Sample64 nursing students enrolled in the Public Health Nursing course.MethodsA case‐based teaching program was applied to the students that cover the topics of the Public Health Nursing course. Quantitative phase data were collected with the Clinical Decision Making in Nursing Scale and Nursing Students' Competence Scale. For the qualitative part, focus group interviews were conducted with a Structured Interview Form.ResultsIt was determined that the total and subscale posttest scores of the students increased significantly compared to their pretest scores (p < .001). A moderate positive correlation was found between the total scores received from the scale and a significant positive correlation was found between researching information and adopting new information impartially and all sub‐dimensions except care (p < .05). Three main themes emerged from the focus group interviews conducted after the case‐based teaching method experience: usefulness, limitations, and improvement.ConclusionsCase‐based teaching method is effective on students' professional competence and clinical decision‐making scores. Students' professional competence levels positively affect their clinical decision‐making levels.
The midwife's support during transition to motherhood: A modified Delphi study among care providers and childbearing women
Authors: Kuipers Yvonne J. , Van de Craen Natacha , Van den Branden Laura , Mestdagh Eveline 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo reach consensus between care providers and childbearing women about the midwife's relevant and appropriate domains and elements to support transition to motherhood.MethodsA modified web‐based Delphi study was conducted in Flanders (Belgium). After performing a systematic literature review, searching the grey literature and an online poll, a set of 79 items was generated. In two rounds, the items were presented to an expert panel of (1) care providers from various disciplines providing services to childbearing women and (2) to pregnant women and postpartum women up to 1‐year postpartum. Consensus was defined when 70% or more of the experts scored ≥6, 5% or less scored ≤3, and a standard deviation of ≤1.1.FindingsIn the first Delphi round, 91 experts reached consensus on 24 items. Seventeen round one items that met one or two consensus objectives were included in round two and were scored by 64 panel experts, reaching consensus on three additional items. The final 27 items covered seven domains: attributes, liaison, management of care from a woman‐centred perspective, management of care from the midwife's focus, informational support, relational support, and the midwife's competencies.ConclusionThe shared understanding between childbearing women and care providers shows that the midwife's transitional support is multifaceted. Our findings offer midwives a standard of care, criteria, guidance, and advice on how they can support childbearing women during transition to motherhood, beyond the existing recommendations and current provision of transitional care.
Statistical stream temperature modelling with SSN and INLA: an introduction for conservation practitioners
Authors: Struthers Daniel P. , Gutowsky Lee F.G. , Lucas Tim C.D. , Mochnacz Neil J. , Carli Christopher M. , Taylor Mark K. 
Published: March 2024

Statistical stream temperature models predicting the fine-scale spatial distribution of water temperatures (i.e., “thermalscape”) can guide aquatic species recovery and habitat restoration efforts. However, stream temperature modelling is complicated by spatial autocorrelation arising from non-independence of sampling sites within dendritic networks. We used August mean temperature data from miniature sensors deployed in Canadian Rocky Mountain streams to demonstrate two statistical stream temperature modelling techniques that account for spatial autocorrelation. The first was a spatial steam network (SSN) model specifically developed to account for spatial autocorrelation in dendritic stream networks. The second was an integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) model that accounts for spatial autocorrelation but was not designed to address anisotropic stream network data. We evaluated the best-fitting SSN and INLA models using leave-one-out cross-validation. Relative to INLA, SSN models had lower RMSE (1.23 vs. 1.45 C) and higher r2 (0.71 vs. 0.61); however, the SSN models required more preprocessing steps before incorporating spatially correlated random errors. We provide practical advice, an open-access r-script, and data to help non-experts develop statistical stream temperature models.
Implicit Bias versus Intentional Belief: When Morally Elevated
Leadership Drives Transformational Change
Authors: Sigur Wanda A. , Donofrio Nicholas M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The twenty-first century is witnessing rapid and deep change in the global economy. These changes require innovation-driven solutions and motivated, skilled workforces. The talents of every person will be required to support performance in every domain, and deliberate actions must be taken to address impediments to full engagement. Even with clear government policy and significant investments in encouraging representation and inclusion of diversity of race, sexual orientation, gender identity, and ability, progress continues to lag. This essay captures promising practices and recommendations for structural or systemic change punctuated with stories of leadership driven by the belief that implementing strategies to disrupt the effects of implicit bias are important to develop diverse, fully engaged populations.
Probing the Structure and Functional Properties of the Dropout-Induced Correlated Variability in Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Pan Xu , Coen-Cagli Ruben , Schwartz Odelia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Computational neuroscience studies have shown that the structure of neural variability to an unchanged stimulus affects the amount of information encoded. Some artificial deep neural networks, such as those with Monte Carlo dropout layers, also have variable responses when the input is fixed. However, the structure of the trial-by-trial neural covariance in neural networks with dropout has not been studied, and its role in decoding accuracy is unknown. We studied the above questions in a convolutional neural network model with dropout in both the training and testing phases. We found that trial-by-trial correlation between neurons (i.e., noise correlation) is positive and low dimensional. Neurons that are close in a feature map have larger noise correlation. These properties are surprisingly similar to the findings in the visual cortex. We further analyzed the alignment of the main axes of the covariance matrix. We found that different images share a common trial-by-trial noise covariance subspace, and they are aligned with the global signal covariance. This evidence that the noise covariance is aligned with signal covariance suggests that noise covariance in dropout neural networks reduces network accuracy, which we further verified directly with a trial-shuffling procedure commonly used in neuroscience. These findings highlight a previously overlooked aspect of dropout layers that can affect network performance. Such dropout networks could also potentially be a computational model of neural variability.
From Reluctance to Reliance: Opium Smuggling in 18th-Century Macao
Authors: Canton-Alvarez Jose A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper critically appraises the role of the opium trade in the politics of 18th-century Macao. By examining previously unexplored Portuguese accounts on opium smuggling, this study contributes new insights into the shift in attitudes of the Macanese authorities towards the opium trade in this period, which subsequently aided further European opium smuggling in the Pearl River Delta. Thus, this paper fills an important gap in our understanding of the transformation that took place in the period before opium became a bone of contention between the Qing dynasty and European powers, on the eve of the Opium Wars.
Praised and Maligned: Receptions of Erasmus’ Paraphrases on the New Testament
Authors: Bloemendal Jan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Erasmus was not only the first to have the Greek text of the New Testament printed together with his Latin translation, but he also paraphrased the books of the New Testament—with the exception of the Apocalypse. These Paraphrases were highly successful as evidenced by their many editions and translations. Even an English translation was to be found in every parish in the Church of England. There was also opposition. Theologians from Spain and France scrutinized them for Lutheran ideas, and, of course, found them. However, the interest in the paraphrases was not diminished by this criticism and they had an intense reception in the sixteenth century and a long-lasting one stretching after Erasmus’ death. Parts were included in commentaries on the New Testament, sometimes with reference to the original author, more often without his name.
Chinese Civilians Beyond the Palisade: an Inquiry on the Opening of Northern Manchuria to Han Commoners in the Yongzheng era
Authors: Sepe Agostino 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Even before the Qianlong ban of 1740 (fengjin zhengce 封禁政策), which officially and thoroughly prohibited Han civilians’ migration to Manchuria, the Qing rulers’ attitude toward the phenomenon was, most of the time, a negative one. Generally speaking, the court meant to preserve the territory to the imperial family themselves and the Manchu people. More specifically, as the policies addressing southern Manchuria (present day Liaoning province) changed over time, as the rulers’ wish to keep the place to their own people clashed with concerns about repopulation and land reclamation – for which Chinese settlers could be a resource, spontaneous settling in the northern part of the region (bianwai 邊外, “beyond the (Willow) Palisade”) was always formally forbidden. Such a difference was clearly reflected by the local administrative structures. The Chinese-fashioned system, zhouxianzhi 州縣制, was present in southern Manchuria since 1653, whereas it was established in Jilin only in Yongzheng era. Emperors Kangxi and Qianlong controlled or opposed the growth of the Chinese civil population in Manchuria. As a consequence, they kept unaltered or weakened the Chinese branch of the local government while making efforts to develop the local Eight Banners’ structures. Yongzheng’ policies were headed toward a different direction. Not only did the sovereign enlarge the civil administration in Liaoning; even more significantly, he ordered the foundation of three civil administrative centres in northern Manchuria – Yongji 永吉, Changning 長寧 and Taining 泰寧, which were in charge of the increasing civil population. Neither in China nor in western studies such policies have been attached the importance they are worth of. In addition, Qing sources such as Veritable Records, Gazetteers and the Collected Statutes provide very scarce information on such maneuver. By resorting to archival sources, both in Chinese and in Manchu, this work aims at researching into the rationales and the decision making process which lead to a brief but important interruption of the main trend of Qing rule of their motherland.
Use of bitemporal NACA score documentation in prehospital emergency medical services– a retrospective study
Authors: Eichinger Michael , Reiterer Sandro , Rief Martin , Eichlseder Michael , Pichler Alexander , Zoidl Philipp , Prause Gerhard 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The assessment of illness severity in the prehospital setting is essential for guiding appropriate medical interventions. The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) score is a validated tool commonly used for this purpose. However, the potential benefits of using bitemporal documentation of NACA scores to capture the dynamic changes in emergency situations remain uncertain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential benefit of bitemporal NACA score documentation in the prehospital setting, specifically in assessing the dynamic changes of emergencies and facilitating quality improvement through enhanced documentation practices.

Methods
In this retrospective study, data from prehospital emergency patients were analyzed who received care from the physician response unit between January 1, 2018, and May 31, 2021. Patient demographics, NACA scores, indications for emergency care, and changes in NACA scores were extracted from medical records. Statistical analyses were performed to examine the associations between NACA scores, emergency categories, indications, and changes in NACA scores.

Results
The study included 4005 patients, predominantly categorized as NACA III (33.7% at initial assessment, 41.8% at subsequent assessment) and NACA IV (31.6% at initial assessment, 22.4% at subsequent assessment). There was a significant improvement in NACA scores during the provision of prehospital care (p < 0.01). Notably, prehospital emergencies attributed to internal medical, neurological, traumatic, and paediatric causes demonstrated significant improvements in NACA scores (p < 0.01). Gender-specific differences were also observed.

Conclusion
Our study suggests that the bitemporal documentation of NACA scores can be advantageous in the prehospital setting and may have implications for research, practice, and policy.
High genetic diversity of the himalayan marmot relative to plague outbreaks in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China
Authors: Ma Ying , Liu Pengbo , Li Ziyan , Yue Yujuan , Zhao Yanmei , He Jian , Zhao Jiaxin , Song Xiuping , Wang Jun , Liu Qiyong , Lu Liang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPlague, as an ancient zoonotic disease caused by Yersinia pestis, has brought great disasters. The natural plague focus of Marmota himalayana in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the largest, which has been constantly active and the leading source of human plague in China for decades. Understanding the population genetics of M. himalayana and relating that information to the biogeographic distribution of Yersinia pestis and plague outbreaks are greatly beneficial for the knowledge of plague spillover and arecrucial for pandemic prevention. In the present research, we assessed the population genetics of M. himalayana. We carried out a comparative study of plague outbreaks and the population genetics of M. himalayana on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We found that M. himalayana populations are divided into two main clusters located in the south and north of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Fourteen DFR genomovars of Y. pestis were found and exhibited a significant region-specific distribution. Additionally, the increased genetic diversity of plague hosts is positively associated with human plague outbreaks. This insight gained can improve our understanding of biodiversity for pathogen spillover and provide municipally directed targets for One Health surveillance development, which will be an informative next step toward increased monitoring of M. himalayana dynamics.