bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation Study of Electromagnetic Standing Wave Method for Pre-stress Detection of Steel Strands
Authors: Zheng Boren , Mu Zhixing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
With the widespread application of pre-stressed technology, effective pre-stress monitoring has become a key research area in the field of health monitoring, such as bridges. This paper conducts a simulation-based validation study based on the electromagnetic standing wave pre-stress measurement method. Through the analysis of the implementation process and principles of the electromagnetic standing wave measurement method, frequency domain simulations are performed in HFSS software, and then the frequency domain results are imported into ADS for time domain simulations, ultimately verifying the feasibility of the electromagnetic standing wave pre-stress measurement method. Experimental results indicate that the electromagnetic standing wave method can achieve non-destructive and effective monitoring of in-service pre-stressed steel strands.
Research on Strain of Unequal Wall Thickness Pipeline of the X80 Pipeline under Lateral Load
Authors: Wen Qing , Zhang Wenjuan , Qiu Yanhua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
X80 steel is a material with high strength and good toughness, which is widely used in long-distance natural gas pipelines. Pipelines will have different wall thicknesses, depending on the safety level requirements of different regions. Two sections of pipes with different wall thickness form unequal wall thickness of pipeline (UWTP) that is joined together by welding. UWTP pass through some geohazard areas, such as landslides. The frequency of landslides is extremely high in mountainous areas, which can seriously affect the safe operation of UWTP. In this paper, a model of a 12.8 mm wall pipe section and a 15.6 mm wall pipe section are linked by girth welds. The strain between the pipe section and the weld was quantitatively analyzed. The results show that the strain at the girth weld in the 3 o’clock direction of the pipe increases sharply. The strain in the 9 o’clock direction of the pipe is generally lower than the strain in the 3 o’clock direction. The strain value of the 12.8mm wall thickness pipe section is generally greater than the strain value of the 15.6mm wall thickness pipe section.
Application and Research of Distributed Acoustic Sensing in Vibration Monitoring of Subway Tunnels
Authors: Gao Jian , Wang Min , Yang Fan , Wan Lijun , Zhang Kaikun , Sang Weibing , Duan Wei , Li Dongming 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
With the booming development of the rail transit industry and the increase in the construction and operation of mileage, the health status of infrastructure such as vehicles, tracks, and trains, as well as operational safety, have received widespread attention. Distributed optical fiber sensing technology has the characteristics of long monitoring distance, strong real-time performance, and highly economical, and has broad prospects in rail transit applications. This paper adopts Distributed Acoustic Sensing technology to obtain vibration information along the subway tunnel, analyzes the time-domain signal and frequency-domain energy characteristics of train vibration, as well as the passing time, direction, and location of the train, providing technical support for the safe operation of the subway.
Nanopore arrays with TMOKE-enhanced high performance sensing
Authors: Lei Fugui , Li Lixia , Li Penglei , Liu Yufang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Magneto-plasmon sensing structure based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and magneto-optical (MO) effect has become a hot research topic in recent years. In this work, we propose a magneto-plasmon crystal consisting of an Au/Co double-layer nanoporous structure with optically thick Au film as a substrate. Due to the excitation of high-quality SPR, a Fano-like transverse magneto-optical Kerr (TMOKE) spectrum with subnanometer bandwidth is realized. A sensitivity of up to 677 nm RIU−1 is detected under subtle refractive index changes in air, and all the calculated figure of merits (FOM) are higher than 104 RIU−1. In addition, in order to highlight the superiority of the sensing performance of the MO plasmon (MOSPR) sensor, we compare the MOSPR sensor with the SPR sensor and calculate their FOM in different refractive index environments. The results show that the FOM of the MOSPR sensor is two orders of magnitude higher than that of the SPR sensor, which proves that the performance of the MOSPR sensor is significantly better than that of the SPR sensor and provides a theoretical basis for biosensing and gas detection based on magneto plasmon.
Large-aperture imaging system based on 100 mm all-Si metalens in long-wave infrared
Authors: Li Aoling , Duan Huigao , Jia Honghui , Long Lichao , Li Jianhua , Hu Yueqiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Metalens, which composed of micro-nano structures at sub-wavelength scale, possessing the ability to achieve the functions of traditional lens elements, paving the way for the development of lightweight and integrated imaging systems. Nowadays, the majority of research efforts in the field of metalens have been concentrated on the exploitation of short optical wavelength band with tiny apertures. Here, we have directed our focus towards the long-wave infrared (LWIR) band, which holds significant importance for crucial applications like infrared imaging and detection. We have prepared a metalens with a remarkable aperture of 100 mm and a high numerical aperture of 0.89 at an operating wavelength of 9.35 μm, which is currently the largest reported aperture in LWIR with high light harvesting capability. And the imaging performance was verified by demonstrating the imaging results of the metalens on targets with different temperatures through thermal imaging tests.
Comparison of weighting algorithms to mitigate respiratory motion in free-breathing neonatal pulmonary radial UTE-MRI
Authors: Gandhi Deep B , Higano Nara S , Hahn Andrew D , Gunatilaka Chamindu C , Torres Luis A , Fain Sean B , Woods Jason C , Bates Alister J 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background. Thoracoabdominal MRI is limited by respiratory motion, especially in populations who cannot perform breath-holds. One approach for reducing motion blurring in radially-acquired MRI is respiratory gating. Straightforward ‘hard-gating’ uses only data from a specified respiratory window and suffers from reduced SNR. Proposed ‘soft-gating’ reconstructions may improve scan efficiency but reduce motion correction by incorporating data with nonzero weight acquired outside the specified window. However, previous studies report conflicting benefits, and importantly the choice of soft-gated weighting algorithm and effect on image quality has not previously been explored. The purpose of this study is to map how variable soft-gated weighting functions and parameters affect signal and motion blurring in respiratory-gated reconstructions of radial lung MRI, using neonates as a model population. Methods. Ten neonatal inpatients with respiratory abnormalities were imaged using a 1.5 T neonatal-sized scanner and 3D radial ultrashort echo-time (UTE) sequence. Images were reconstructed using ungated, hard-gated, and several soft-gating weighting algorithms (exponential, sigmoid, inverse, and linear weighting decay outside the period of interest), with %Nproj representing the relative amount of data included. The apparent SNR (aSNR) and motion blurring (measured by the maximum derivative of image intensity at the diaphragm, MDD) were compared between reconstructions. Results. Soft-gating functions produced higher aSNR and lower MDD than hard-gated images using equivalent %Nproj, as expected. aSNR was not identical between different gating schemes for given %Nproj. While aSNR was approximately linear with %Nproj for each algorithm, MDD performance diverged between functions as %Nproj decreased. Algorithm performance was relatively consistent between subjects, except in images with high noise. Conclusion. The algorithm selection for soft-gating has a notable effect on image quality of respiratory-gated MRI; the timing of included data across the respiratory phase, and not simply the amount of data, plays an important role in aSNR. The specific soft-gating function and parameters should be considered for a given imaging application’s requirements of signal and sharpness.
A novel SPM error measurement method based on peak detection of nodes centers in a 2D orthogonal lattice as standard
Authors: Chen Xiaomei , Wan Yu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper presented a novel scanning probe microscope (SPM) error measurement method by using a 2D micro-scale orthogonal lattice standard and peak detection (PD) method of the pitch center coordinates based on cross-correlation/convolution (CC) filtering of images raster-scanned by SPMs. The geometric errors of motion and drifting rate in x-y plane are measured. Geometric errors include positional deviations

E
x
x

and

E
y
y
,

straightness deviations

E
x
y

and

E
y
x

along x- and y-axis respectively, and the orthogonality deviation

E
o
x
y

between the two axes. The calibration factors

C
x

and

C
y

were calculated based on the number of pixels scanned on the x-axis and y-axis, scanning range, average pitch of standard lattice from metrological verification certification, and average lattice pitch calculated by using PD method. Through case study, the errors of an AFM was measured using an orthogonal lattice standard with a nominal pitch of 10 μm, resulting in

C
x

and

C
y

values of 0.925 and 1.050, respectively, an orthogonal deviation

E
o
x
y

of 0.015°, and the maximum drift rate of the x-axis and y-axis is −366.21 nm min−1 and −317.38 nm min−1, respectively. The new error measurement method of SPMs provides technical reference for the development and performance improvement of SPM instruments.
A novel heap-based optimizer for allocation of shunt capacitors in radial distribution network
Authors: Adebayo Isaiah , Salimon Sunday , Adejumo Joshua , Yussuf Adedayo , Aborisade David 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Due to power losses, a sizeable portion of the electrical power produced is lost, which causes voltage deviation and instability as a result of rising load demand at the radial distribution network (RDN). Shunt capacitor penetration will enhance the RDN’s efficiency by reducing power losses, improving the voltage profile and stability. For the best sizing and allocation of shunt capacitors (SCs) in RDN, a novel human-based metaheuristic heap-based optimizer (HBO) influenced by the ideas of corporate rank hierarchy (CRH) of standard organization is presented. The real power loss, voltage variation, and voltage stability index are all minimized while equality and inequality criteria are met by the HBO optimal allocation of SCs. One, two, and three numbers of SCs were investigated when installing the reactive compensating devices. Using typical IEEE 33-bus and 69-bus RDNs, covering a range of scenarios in the form of single- and multi-objective functions, the effectiveness of the HBO technique was examined. The real power loss for the conventional IEEE 33-bus and 69-bus RDN was reduced by 34.46% and 35.50%, respectively compared to their respective base cases. By contrasting the outcomes of the power loss with well-established and new optimization approaches, the efficacy and superiority of the suggested HBO were demonstrated.
Conditional proof of the ergodic conjecture for falling ball systems
Authors: Simanyi Nandor 
Published: April 2024

In this paper we present a conditional proof of Wojtkowski’s ergodicity conjecture for the system of

1
D

1D

perfectly elastic balls falling down in a half line under constant gravitational acceleration, [Ergodic Theory Dynam. Systems 5 (1985), no. 1, 145–161], [Comm. Math. Phys. 105 (1986), no. 3, 391–414], [Comm. Math. Phys. 126 (1990), no. 3, 507–533], [Comm. Math. Phys. 127 (1990), no. 2, 425–432], [Fund. Math. 157 (1998), no. 2-3, 305–341]. Namely, we prove that almost every such system is (completely hyperbolic and) ergodic, by assuming the transversality between different singularities and between singularities and stable (unstable) invariant manifolds. This transversality condition will be removed in the author’s upcoming paper Simanyi, Preprint, (2023).
Predictors of clinical outcome in myeloproliferative neoplasm, unclassifiable: A Bone Marrow Pathology Group study
Authors: Crane Genevieve M , Geyer Julia T , Thakral Beenu , Wang Sa A , Wool Geoffrey D , Li Ke David , Davis Adam R , Boiocchi Leonardo , Bosler David , Bueso-Ramos Carlos E , Arber Daniel A , George Tracy I , Bagg Adam , Hasserjian Robert P , Orazi Attilio , Hsi Eric D , Rogers Heesun J 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Myeloproliferative neoplasm, unclassifiable (MPN-U, revised to MPN, not otherwise specified in the fifth edition of the World Health Organization classification) is a heterogeneous category of primary marrow disorders with clinical, morphologic, and/or molecular features that preclude classification as a more specific MPN subtype due to stage at diagnosis, overlapping features between MPN subtypes, or the presence of coexisting disorders. Compared with other MPN subtypes, the contribution of the mutational landscape in MPN-U in conjunction with other clinical and morphologic biomarkers to prognosis has been less well investigated.

Methods
We performed a multicenter, retrospective study of MPN-U (94 cases) to better define the clinicopathologic features, genetic landscape, and clinical outcomes, including subgroups of early-stage, advanced-stage, and coexisting disorders. The Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System (DIPSS) plus scoring system was applied to assess its relevance to MPN-U prognosis.

Results
Multivariate analysis demonstrated bone marrow blast count and DIPSS plus score as statistically significant in predicting overall survival. Univariate analysis identified additional potential poor prognostic markers, including abnormal karyotype and absence of JAK2 mutation. Secondary mutations were frequent in the subset analyzed by next-generation sequencing (26/37 cases, 70.3%) with a borderline association between high molecular risk mutations and overall survival.

Conclusions
This study, as one of the largest of MPN-U studies incorporating both clinicopathologic and molecular data, moves toward identification of biomarkers that better predict prognosis in this heterogeneous category.
Cretaceous chloranthoids: early prominence, extinct diversity and missing links
Authors: Friis Else Marie , Crane Peter R , Pedersen Kaj Raunsgaard , Marone Federica 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Chloranthaceae comprise four extant genera (Hedyosmum, Ascarina, Chloranthus and Sarcandra), all with simple flowers. Molecular phylogenetics indicates that the Chloranthaceae diverged very early in angiosperm evolution, although how they are related to eudicots, magnoliids, monocots and Ceratophyllum is uncertain. Fossil pollen similar to that of Ascarina and Hedyosmum has long been recognized in the Early Cretaceous, but over the last four decades evidence of extinct Chloranthaceae based on other types of fossils has expanded dramatically and contributes significantly to understanding the evolution of the family.ScopeStudies of fossils from the Cretaceous, especially mesofossils of Early Cretaceous age from Portugal and eastern North America, recognized diverse flowers, fruits, seeds, staminate inflorescences and stamens of extinct chloranthoids. These early chloranthoids include forms related to extant Hedyosmum and also to the Ascarina, Chloranthus and Sarcandra clade. In the Late Cretaceous there are several occurrences of distinctive fossil androecia related to extant Chloranthus. The rich and still expanding Cretaceous record of Chloranthaceae contrasts with a very sparse Cenozoic record, emphasizing that the four extant genera are likely to be relictual, although speciation within the genera might have occurred in relatively recent times. In this study, we describe three new genera of Early Cretaceous chloranthoids and summarize current knowledge on the extinct diversity of the group.ConclusionsThe evolutionary lineage that includes extant Chloranthaceae is diverse and abundantly represented in Early Cretaceous mesofossil floras that provide some of the earliest evidence of angiosperm reproductive structures. Extinct chloranthoids, some of which are clearly in the Chloranthaceae crown group, fill some of the morphological gaps that currently separate the extant genera, help to illuminate how some of the unusual features of extant Chloranthaceae evolved and suggest that Chloranthaceae are of disproportionate importance for a more refined understanding of ecology and phylogeny of early angiosperm diversification.
Cognitive, Sleep-Arousal, Physical, and Affective Domain Scores on the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale: Added Utility in Detecting Symptom Elevations among Student-Athletes with a Remote History of Concussion
Authors: Karr Justin E , Zuccato Brandon G , Ingram Eric O , Considine Ciaran M , Merker Bradley , Abeare Christopher A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
The evaluation of self-reported symptoms is a standard component of concussion assessment and management. Clinicians typically evaluate a total symptom severity score rather than scores corresponding to specific symptom domains (i.e., cognitive, sleep-arousal, physical, and affective symptoms). This study examined (i) whether elevations in specific symptom domains would be missed when interpreting only the total symptom severity score and (ii) if a single symptom domain elevation was more common than having elevated symptoms across multiple domains.

Method
Adolescent student-athletes (N = 1,008) with concussion history (i.e., ≥6 months since last concussion) completed the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS). The PCSS total score and cognitive, sleep-arousal, physical, and affective domain scores were calculated. To determine if symptoms were elevated, scores were compared to normative data matched on gender and pre-existing conditions, with scores considered elevated if they were ≥84th percentile. The frequency of total and domain score elevations were calculated and stratified by gender and number of prior concussions (i.e., 1 or ≥2 prior concussions).

Results
Overall, 26% of student-athletes had an elevated symptom domain score without being elevated on the total score. The most common symptom presentation was to have a single elevated symptom domain (21%), followed by two (11%), three (8%), or four elevated domains (6%).

Conclusions
Interpreting PCSS symptom domains may be beneficial in detecting student-athletes with elevated symptoms following a remote concussion. Roughly a quarter of student-athletes have domain-specific symptom elevations that would be missed by interpreting the total score alone.
Multinuclear coordination compounds constructed by bis-imidazole and azide ligands. Creation of new network structures and an M2L4 cage that includes two anions
Authors: Koike Shiori , Yamanishi Katsunori , Watanabe Kanoko , Takemoto Hiroyuki , Kondo Mitsuru 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Treatment of the bis-imidazole ligand, bitb, with CuSO4·5H2O, ZnSO4·7H2O, and Co(NO3)2·6H2O in the presence of NaN3 produced [Cu2(μ-N3)2(bitb)(N3)2]n (1), [Zn(bitb)(N3)2]n (2), and [(N3)2 ⊂ Co2(bitb)4(N3)2](Me2CO)2·(H2O)4 (3). Compound 1 is a 2D coordination polymer with {Cu2(μ-N3)2}n chains in the framework. Compound 2 is a 1D coordination polymer with repetitions of the “figure-of-eight-shaped” turns. Compound 3 is an M2L4 cage compound that includes 2 N3− in the cage. Their unprecedented coordination structures are described.
Repair of complex transposition of great arteries: What is the best technique to avoid outflow tract obstructions?
Authors: Weixler Viktoria , Gaal Julia , Murin Peter , Kramer Peter , Romanchenko Olga , Cho Mi-Young , Schmitt Katharina , Ovroutski Stanislav , Photiadis Joachim 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to evaluate the short-/mid-term outcome of patients with complex dextro (d)-/levo (l)-transposition of the great arteries (TGA), ventricular septal defect and left ventricular outflow tract obstructions.

METHODS
A single-centre, retrospective review of all complex dextro-TGA (n = 85) and levo-TGA (n = 22) patients undergoing different surgeries [Arterial switch operation + left ventricular outflow tract obstruction-resection (ASO-R), half-turned truncal switch/Mair (HTTS), Nikaidoh and Rastelli] between May 1990 and September 2022 was performed. Groups were analysed using Kruskal–Wallis test with post hoc pairwise comparison and Kaplan–Meier time-to-event models.

RESULTS
A total of 107 patients [ASO-R (n = 20), HTTS (n = 23), Nikaidoh (n = 21), Rastelli (n = 43)] were included, with a median age of 1.0 year (0.5–2.5) and surgical repair median follow-up was 3.8 years (0.3–10.5). Groups did not differ in respect to early postoperative complications/early mortality. Five-year overall survival curves were comparable: ASO-R 78.9% (53.2–91.5), HTTS 75.3% (46.8–89.9), Nikaidoh 85% (60.4–94.9) and Rastelli 83.9% (67.5–92.5), P = 0.9. Highest rates of right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reinterventions [33.3% and 32.6% (P = 0.04)] and reoperations [28.6% and 32.6% (P = 0.02)] occurred after Nikaidoh and Rastelli procedures. However, overall freedom from RVOT reinterventions and RVOT reoperations at 5 years did not differ statistically significantly between the groups (ASO-R, HTTS, Nikaidoh and Rastelli): 94.4% (66.6–99.2), 69.1% (25.4–90.5), 67.8% (34–86.9), 64.4% (44.6–78.7), P = 0.2, and 90.0% (65.6–97.4), 91% (50.8–98.7), 65.3% (32.0–85.3) and 67.0% (47.4–80.6), P = 0.3.

CONCLUSIONS
Surgical repair of complex dextro-/levo-TGA can be performed with satisfying early/mid-term survival. RVOT reinterventions/reoperations were frequent, with highest rates after Nikaidoh and Rastelli procedures. Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction reoperations were rare with zero events after Nikaidoh and HTTS procedures.
Identifying Woodland Owner Characteristics Associated with Timber Management
Authors: Greene John L. , Blatner Keith A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Discriminant analysis of 47 variables from a questionnaire mailed to 3,200 randomly selected woodland owners in Arkansas yielded models for the combined Ozark-Ouachita and Coastal Plain regions of the state that were nearly 80 percent successful in differentiating between timber managers and nonmanagers. Simpler field-use models, developed from a subset of 17 variables that can be determined prior to contacting an owner, averaged over 70 percent successful in classifying owners. Contact with a forester, the owner being a farmer, and the owner being well-educated were associated with timber management in models for both regions, as were variables related to large woodland size and some nontimber objectives of ownership. Forest Sci. 32:135-146.
Merchantability of Loblolly Pine—An Application of Nonlinear Regression with a Discrete Dependent Variable
Authors: Strub Mike R. , Green Edwin J. , Burkhart Harold E. , Pirie Walter R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A model to predict the probability of merchantability for an individual loblolly pine tree is developed. The model would be a useful addition to diameter distribution-based yield models. As the dependent variable is discrete and bounded by [0, 1], the model is constrained to yield predictions in this interval. Graphical techniques were used to screen potential independent variables, and maximum likelihood was used to estimate the model parameters. Forest Sci. 32:254-261.