bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volatiles of Mango var. Ataulfo Characterized by SPME and Capillary GC/MS Spectroscopy
Authors: Salazar Sandoval Ignacio , Santiesteban Hern´´andez Antonio , Velásquez Valdez German , Cruz-López Leopoldo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Head space volatiles from flowers, as well as green and ripe mango fruit of cv. Ataulfo from Soconusco, Chiapas, were collected using Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME). Identification of chemical species was carried out by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). A complex mixture of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes was found. 3-carene, α-pinene, myrcene, limonene, terpinolene, β-selinene and the sesquiterpene tentatively identified as germacrene D were the major constituents. This information could be valuable to characterize certain aspects of genetic traits, which in turn will be useful for breeding programs, and to provide assessment of cross pollination techniques.

Resumen. Los compuestos volátiles emitidos por flores y frutas verdes y maduras de mangos de la variedad Ataulfo del Soconusco, Chiapas fueron colectados por medio de la técnica de Microextracción en Fase Sólida (MEFS). El análisis químico de los volátiles se llevó a cabo por Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas (CG-EM). El análisis mostró que los volátiles del mango están formados por una mezcla principalmente de monoterpenos y sesquiterpenos. 3-careno, α-pineno, mirceno, limoneno, terpinoleno, β-selineno y el sesquiterpeno tentativamente identificado como germacreno D fueron los principales constituyentes. Esta información será de mucha utilidad en los programas de mejoramiento genético de variedades de mango, ofreciendo así confirmación del éxito de las técnicas de polinización cruzada.
Morphological and Nutritional Characterization of Wild Edible Blackberries (Rubus spp.) from Sinaloa, Mexico
Authors: Sánchez-Velázquez Oscar Abel , Rivera-Atondo Masiel , Milán-Carrillo Jorge , Montes-Ávila Julio , Mora-Rochín Saraid , Cuevas-Rodríguez Edith Oliva 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Wild blackberries (Rubus) are fruits that grow in inaccessible high mountain areas, which has made it difficult to study their chemical and nutritional composition. The objective of this research was to evaluate the nutritional composition and the macro- and micro-nutrient profile of wild species of fruits of the Rubus genus collected in Sinaloa, Mexico. Botanical samples of wild Rubus were identified and deposited in the Herbarium of the Institute of Biology of the UNAM. Subsequently, the chemical composition the profile of carbohydrates, lipids and minerals were evaluated. Wild Rubus species were identified as R. liebmannii, R. coriifolius and R. palmeri. In addition, it was found that R. liebmannii is the first time it has been recorded for the state of Sinaloa. Likewise, the results show that carbohydrates represent the largest proportion of the macro-components (85 %, glucose and fructose); they have a high content of fatty acids (such as linolenic acid) and are rich sources of minerals (such as K, Ca and Mg). The results of this research could be relevant to be used in the genetic improvement of commercial species that currently exist in the market.

Resumen. Las zarzamoras silvestres (Rubus) son frutos que se desarrollan en zonas de alta montaña poco accesibles, lo que ha dificultado el estudio de su composición química y nutricional. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar la composición nutricional y el perfil de macro y micronutrientes de especies silvestres de frutos del género Rubus colectadas en Sinaloa, México. Muestras botánicas de Rubus silvestres fueron identificadas y depositadas en el Herbario del Insituto de Biología de la UNAM. Posteriormente se les evaluó la composicón química, el perfil de perfil de carbohidratos, lípidos y minerales. Las especies silvestres de Rubus fueron identificadas como Rubus liebmannii, Rubus coriifolius y Rubus palmeri. Además, se encontró que Rubus liebmannii, es la primera vez que se registra para el estado de Sinaloa. Asimismo, los resultados muestran que los carbohidratos representan la mayor proporción de los macro-componentes (85 %, glucosa y fructosa); tiene un alto contenido de ácidos grasos (como ácido linolénico) y son fuentes ricas de minerales (como K, Ca y Mg). Los resultados de la presente investigación podrían ser de relevancia para ser utilizados en el mejoramiento genético de especies comerciales que actualmente existen en el mercado.
Aliskiren Copper(II) Complex. Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Jori Nadir , Islas María Soledad , Ferrer Evelina Gloria , Williams Patricia Ana María 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Aliskiren (Alk) is a highly selective competitive inhibitor of renin used for the treatment of hypertension and related cardiovascular diseases. With the aim of improving its biological properties by the strategy of the induction of favorable conformational changes, we designed a metal-based drug. In this work we report the synthesis of a solid copper(II) complex with aliskiren, CuAlk, and its characterization in solution and solid-state. Moreover, and based on the association of hypertension with elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the antioxidant properties of CuAlk were studied measuring the activities against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH·), hydroxyl (OH·) and peroxyl (ROO·) radicals, in addition to its superoxide dismutase (SOD) simil activity. Both the ligand and the complex were able to scavenge hydroxyl radicals, but upon complexation, the SOD mimetic activity of the ligand is enhanced.

Resumen. El Aliskiren (Alk) es un inhibidor por competencia altamente selectivo de la renina que se utiliza en el tratamiento de la hipertensión y enfermedades cardiovasculares relacionadas. Se diseñó un metalofármaco con la idea de mejorar las propiedades biológicas mediante la inducción de cambios conformacionales favorables. En este trabajo se reporta la síntesis de un complejo sólido de cobre(II) con aliskiren, CuAlk, junto con su caracterización en fase sólida y en solución. Además, de acuerdo con la relación que existe entre la hipertensión y los niveles elevados de especies reactivas de oxígeno (ROS), se estudian las propiedades antioxidantes del CuAlk frente a los radicales 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidracilo (DPPH·), hidroxilo (OH·) y peroxilo (ROO·), además de la actividad superóxido dismutasa símil (SOD). Tanto el ligando, como el complejo fueron capaces de secuestrar radicales hidroxilos, pero, luego de la complejación, se mejoró la actividad SOD símil del ligando.
Non-covalent Interactions in Dihalogenated Compounds Ch(C6H4CH2X)2 (Ch = O, S; X = Cl, Br, I). Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis
Authors: García-González J. Viridiana , Alvarado-Rodríguez Jose G. , Andrade-López Noemí , Guerra-Poot Cristian G. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. In this work, the synthesis and structural study by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction of compounds of general formula Ch(C6H4CH2X)2 (Ch = O, S; X = Cl, Br, I) is reported. These compounds contain two flexible hydrocarbonated arms –CH2–X in the ortho positions to the Ch heteroatom. These compounds were synthesized through a linear synthesis starting from diphenylether or diphenylsulfide. Based on the structural analysis, we describe the more relevant molecular features as well as the non-covalent interactions that the heavy halogen atoms display with other moieties that promote the cohesion of the crystal arrangement. The Hirshfeld analysis displayed that the X···π, X···X, and C–H···X interactions are quite significant in the crystal arrangement.

Resumen. En este trabajo, se describen la síntesis y el estudio estructural de difracción de rayos-X de monocristal de seis compuestos con fórmula general Ch(C6H4CH2X)2 (Ch = O, S; X = Cl, Br, I), que contienen dos brazos hidrocarbonados flexibles –CH2–X en las posiciones orto al heteroátomo Ch. Estos compuestos fueron sintetizados a través de una síntesis lineal, partiendo de difeniléter o difeniltioéter. A través del análisis estructural se describen las características moleculares más relevantes, así como las interacciones no-covalentes que presentan los átomos de halógeno pesados con otros grupos funcionales para dar cohesión a la red cristalina. El estudio de las superficies de Hirshfeld mostró que las interacciones X···π, X···X y C–H···X son muy relevantes en esta cohesión.
Impact of Türkiye’s Dam Construction on the Water Resources of the Transboundary Aras River Basin in Iran
Authors: Dadparvar Shabnam , Kaleji Vali , Ghoreishi Seyedeh Zahra , Mianabadi Hojjat 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Aras River Basin, a significant transboundary river basin in the Caucasus region, is shared among four riparian countries, including Türkiye, Armenia, Iran, and Azerbaijan. Although positive measures have been taken to enhance water cooperation in this river basin, the Eastern Anatolia Project (DAP) and the hydraulic mission of Türkiye remain the primary factors that could potentially reverse the cooperative atmosphere of the basin and lead to conflict. In recent decades, Türkiye has utilised transboundary water resources to bolster its economic power, advance political strategies, and establish hydro-hegemony. Despite the significant Mega-Project and hydraulic mission of the upstream in the Aras River Basin, they have not received adequate attention in hydro politics studies. This study employs secondary sources to investigate Türkiye’s actions in the region. It discusses the implications of Türkiye’s projects on downstream riparian states in general and Iran’s water resources, including dam construction.
Karakterisasi Karbon Aktif Pelet Kulit Kacang Tanah Dan Aplikasinya Pada Limbah Pewarna Sintesis
Authors: Komala Ria , Rina Dwi Oktaiani  , Sisnayati  , Dian Sari Dewi  , Hendra Dwipayana  , Nurlela  
Published: March 2024

Kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) merupakan tanaman yang tergolong famili Leguminoceae, Kacang tanah sendiri terdiri dari biji dan kulitnya, dimana kulitnya tidak dapat zdimanfaatkan secara optimal dan limbahnya masih merugikan bagi lingkungan. Kandungan selulosa pada kulit kacang tanah cukup tinggi sehinnga dapat digunakan sebagai penyerap karena gugus ―OH terikat pada selulosa. Pada penelitian kali ini karbon aktif pelet kulit kacang tanah digunakan sebagai adsorben untuk menurunkan kadar warna dan menetralisis PH limbah pewarna sintesis melalui proses Adsorbsi. Kulit Kacang tanah dikarbonisasi dengan suhu 450 o C selama 5 menit, kemudian diaktivasi dengan larutan NaCL pada konsentrasi 45% selama 2 hari. Karbon aktif kulit kacang tanah dibuat menjadi pelet sebanyak 100 gram dengan perbandingan komposisi penyusun adalah karbon aktif kulit kacang tanah : zeolit : tanah Liat sebesar 25% : 20%;55%(Sampel A) , 50%;20%; 30% (Sampel B), 75%;20%;5%( Sampel C). Pelet karbon aktif kemudian dianalisa untuk mengetahui karektersitik morfologi melalui uji SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) dan unsur-unsur penyusun karbon aktif pelet melalui uji EDS (Energy Disperese Spectroscopy). Dari hasil analisa menunjukkan morofologi pelet karbon aktif banyak terdapat pori tetapi bentuknya tidak homogen. Grafik spektrum EDS pellet karbon aktif menunjukkan adanya unsur karbon tertinggi pada sampel C sebesar 70 % . Karbon aktif pelet dengan karakteristik tebaik diaplikasikan ke llmbah pewarna sintesis melalui proses Adsorbsi dengan waktu kontak 180 menit, hasil analisa didapat kenaikan pH dari 4,2 menjadi 6.5. Sedangkan untuk kadar warna didapat persentase kenaikan sebesar 91,59% yaitu dari sebesar 1843 TCU menjadi 155 TCU.
Efisiensi Operasional Bank Umum Syariah
Authors: Budi gautama Siregar  , Aswadi Lubis  , Muhammad Salman  
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyse and describe the effect of Non-Performing Financial, Capital Adeuacy Ratio and bank size on the operational efficiency of Islamic Commercial Banks for the period 2017-2022. This research approach is quantitative with the source of data used is secondary, namely quarterly reports from Islamic Commercial Banks. In determining the sample used with purposive sampling technique, so that the data that met the criteria were 8 banks with 20 quarters from 2017-2022. Data analysis was carried out through statistical methods, namely descriptive analysis, classical assumptions hypothesis testing with the help of the Eviews application. The results showed that Non-Performing Financial affects the level of operational efficiency of Islamic Commercial Banks while Capital Adequacy Ratio and bank size cannot affect the operational efficiency of banks.
Classroom disruptions in digital teaching during the pandemic – an interview study
Authors: Meinokat Pierre , Wagner Ingo 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionThe pandemic increased the speed at which education had to evolve into the digital age. While digital tools create possibilities, new forms of classroom disruptions appear. Classroom disruptions as essential part of classroom management may take away students’ precious learning time and the associated stress could put teachers’ health at risk.MethodsWe conducted a semi-structured, guideline-based interview study with teachers from Germany and asked them about experienced disruptions in digital teaching (RQ1 and RQ2), their prevention and intervention strategies (RQ3) as well as their opinions on potentials and risks of the digital evolution in teaching (RQ4).FindingsFindings show that digital teaching is affected by already known and by new types of disruptions. Teachers use their existing experiences to adapt to these new challenges. Simultaneously they reflect on the changes in teaching due to the increased digital involvement and identify potentials for improved teaching in the future.DiscussionBased on the research literature and our interview findings a 2D graph of classroom disruptions is developed to systematize disruptions in context of digitalization.
Interleukin-16 is increased in obesity and alters adipogenesis and inflammation in vitro
Authors: Reyes-Farias Marjorie , Fernández-García Pablo , Corrales Patricia , González Lorena , Soria-Gondek Andrea , Martínez Ester , Pellitero Silvia , Tarascó Jordi , Moreno Pau , Sumoy Lauro , Medina-Gómez Gema , Sánchez-Infantes David , Herrero Laura 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionObesity is a chronic condition associated with low-grade inflammation mainly due to immune cell infiltration of white adipose tissue (WAT). WAT is distributed into two main depots: subcutaneous WAT (sWAT) and visceral WAT (vWAT), each with different biochemical features and metabolic roles. Proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-16 are secreted by both adipocytes and infiltrated immune cells to upregulate inflammation. IL-16 has been widely studied in the peripheral proinflammatory immune response; however, little is known about its role in adipocytes in the context of obesity.Aim &amp; MethodsWe aimed to study the levels of IL-16 in WAT derived from sWAT and vWAT depots of humans with obesity and the role of this cytokine in palmitate-exposed 3T3-L1 adipocytes.ResultsThe results demonstrated that IL-16 expression was higher in vWAT compared with sWAT in individuals with obesity. In addition, IL-16 serum levels were higher in patients with obesity compared with normal-weight individuals, increased at 6 months after bariatric surgery, and at 12 months after surgery decreased to levels similar to before the intervention. Our in vitro models showed that IL-16 could modulate markers of adipogenesis (Pref1), lipid metabolism (Plin1, Cd36, and Glut4), fibrosis (Hif1a, Col4a, Col6a, and Vegf), and inflammatory signaling (IL6) during adipogenesis and in mature adipocytes. In addition, lipid accumulation and glycerol release assays suggested lipolysis alteration.DiscussionOur results suggest a potential role of IL-16 in adipogenesis, lipid and glucose homeostasis, fibrosis, and inflammation in an obesity context.
Fertility and sexual activity in patients with Triple A syndrome
Authors: Dumic Katja K. , Heinrichs Claudine , Koehler Katrin , Huebner Angela , Dumic Miroslav , Kusec Vesna , Dusek Tina , Quitter Friederike 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveTriple A syndrome, caused by autosomal recessively inherited mutations in the AAAS gene is characterized by alacrima, achalasia, adrenal insufficiency, and neurological impairment. To the best of our knowledge, no patients of both sexes have been reported to have offspring. Our aim was to assess the causes of infertility in male patients with this multisystemic syndrome, and to present a female patient that spontaneously conceived a child.DesignCross-sectional study.MethodsSix males aged 19-48 years were included. Gonadotropins, testosterone, DHEAS, androstenedione, inhibin B, anti-Mullerian hormone measurements and testicular ultrasound were performed.ResultsAll six male patients had impaired general health and neurological symptoms including erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction. None of them had an offspring. The only demonstrated cause of infertility in our male patients was erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction which precludes sexual intercourse. Our patients had normal libido but were sexually abstinent. Except for low adrenal androgen levels, the concentrations of all measured hormones as well as testicular ultrasound were normal which may indicate the possibility of spermatogenesis in male patients with triple A syndrome. Little is known about fertility in female patients, but based on our observations spontaneous pregnancies seem to be possible.ConclusionOur results contribute to still scarce knowledge on fertility in patients with Triple A syndrome and as well represents a foundation for further research on causes of infertility and possible treatment options.
Scale-sensitivity analysis for floating energy production system with anti-motion structure under high sea conditions
Authors: Yuan Hongtao , Chen Yi , Li Mingxin , Chen Linfeng , Bai Xu , Li Yongzheng 
Published: March 2024

The heave motion of a new cylindrical floating drilling production storage and offloading system (FDPSO) with extended cylinder, anti-motion structure and a gap between the extended cylinder and anti-motion structure under high sea conditions was investigated by implementing numerical simulations for its reduced-scale laminar flow model (1:77.8) using the CFD software STAR-CCM+. The effect of changing the width (10 ∼ 15 m) and height (10 ∼ 15 m) of the anti-motion structure on the heave motion of the new cylindrical FDPSO were analyzed. The results show that increasing the width and height of the anti-motion structure increases the natural period of the structural heave motion, making it far away from the main energy period of the wave, and has a certain inhibitory effect on the heave motion of the FDPSO. Comparing the variation of vortex field around the structures of different sizes, it is concluded that the vortex generation and vortex shedding around the highwidth anti-motion structure model is significantly strengthened compared with the low-width anti-motion structure model. The variation of the vortex generation and vortex shedding due to the change in height is relatively inferior compared to the change in width.
Circulating myeloid populations have prognostic utility in alcohol-related liver disease
Authors: Khan Reenam , Salman Shees , Harford Laura , Sheriff Lozan , Hazeldine Jon , Rajoriya Neil , Newsome Philip N. , Lalor Patricia F. 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionAlcohol-related liver disease (ARLD) accounts for over one third of all deaths from liver conditions, and mortality from alcohol-related liver disease has increased nearly five-fold over the last 30 years. Severe alcohol-related hepatitis almost always occurs in patients with a background of chronic liver disease with extensive fibrosis or cirrhosis, can precipitate ‘acute on chronic’ liver failure and has a high short-term mortality. Patients with alcohol-related liver disease have impaired immune responses, and increased susceptibility to infections, thus prompt diagnosis of infection and careful patient management is required. The identification of early and non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in ARLD remains an unresolved challenge. Easily calculated predictors of infection and mortality are required for use in patients who often exhibit variable symptoms and disease severity and may not always present in a specialized gastroenterology unit.MethodsWe have used a simple haematological analyser to rapidly measure circulating myeloid cell parameters across the ARLD spectrum.Results and DiscussionWe demonstrate for the first time that immature granulocyte (IG) counts correlate with markers of disease severity, and our data suggests that elevated counts are associated with increased short-term mortality and risk of infection. Other myeloid populations such as eosinophils and basophils also show promise. Thus IG count has the potential to serve alongside established markers such as neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio as a simply calculated predictor of mortality and risk of infectious complications in patients with alcohol-related hepatitis. This would allow identification of patients who may require more intensive management.
An evaluation of rehabilitation students’ learning goals in their first year: a text mining approach
Authors: Kitamura Shin , Takeda Kotaro , Uehara Shintaro , Yoshida Taiki , Ota Hirofumi , Tanabe Shigeo , Takeda Kazuya , Koyama Soichiro , Sakurai Hiroaki , Kanada Yoshikiyo 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionQualitative information in the form of written reflection reports is vital for evaluating students’ progress in education. As a pilot study, we used text mining, which analyzes qualitative information with quantitative features, to investigate how rehabilitation students’ goals change during their first year at university.MethodsWe recruited 109 first-year students (66 physical therapy and 43 occupational therapy students) enrolled in a university rehabilitation course. These students completed an open-ended questionnaire about their learning goals at the time of admission and at 6 and 12 months after admission to the university. Text mining was used to objectively interpret the descriptive text data from all three-time points to extract frequently occurring nouns at once. Then, hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to generate clusters. The number of students who mentioned at least one noun in each cluster was counted and the percentages of students in each cluster were compared for the three periods using Cochran’s Q test.ResultsThe 31 nouns that appeared 10 or more times in the 427 sentences were classified into three clusters: “Socializing,” “Practical Training,” and “Classroom Learning.” The percentage of students in all three clusters showed significant differences across the time periods (p &lt; 0.001 for “Socializing”; p &lt; 0.01 for “Practical Training” and “Classroom Learning”).ConclusionThese findings suggest that the students’ learning goals changed during their first year of education. This objective analytical method will enable researchers to examine transitional trends in students’ reflections and capture their psychological changes, making it a useful tool in educational research.