bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation Between the Clinical Diagnosis and Sonographic Diagnosis in Women with First-Trimester Vaginal Bleeding
Authors: Anajuba OC , Okafor CO , Nwosu CS , Okafor CI , Nwabunike MO , Emegoakor AC , Azubuike CG , Uzukwu IO , Aguwamba UA , Okoye KU , Eze KC 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Vaginal bleeding is the most common cause of presentation at the emergency department in the first trimester. Clinical presentation helps determine the likely cause of first-trimester vaginal bleeding. However, ultrasound imaging is required to reach a definitive diagnosis.

Objective:
To determine the relationship between clinical diagnosis and ultrasonographic findings in women with first-trimester vaginal bleeding.

Methods:
A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on 94 pregnant patients with a history of bleeding per vagina (PV) in the first trimester by using transvaginal ultrasound.

Results:
PV spotting was noted in 64.9% and heavy bleeding in 35.1%. The most common clinically associated symptom was abdominal pain (68, 72.3%), and the least common clinically associated symptom was vesicle expulsion (2.1%). The most common predisposing factor was fever (31, 33.0%). The most frequent clinical diagnosis was threatened abortion (48, 51.1%), and the least common clinical diagnosis was gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) and inevitable abortion (1, 1.1%). The most common ultrasound diagnosis at the initial scan was incomplete abortion (19.2%), while at follow-up scans, it was threatened abortion (48, 51.1%). The overall concordance between clinical diagnosis and ultrasound was 38.8%, with both complete abortion and GTD showing a concordance of 100%. The least concordance was seen in missed abortions (25%).

Conclusion:
Clinical assessment is insufficient in the identification of the cause of vaginal bleeding due to the overall low concordance rate. A combination of clinical assessment and ultrasonography is required for decision-making in every case.
A Dosimetric Comparative Study of Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy Versus X-ray Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy for Stage III Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Li X-J , Li C-R , Ye Y-C , Zhang Y-S , Zong X-Q , Feng CL 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Compared to photon beam, carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) has both physical and biological advantages.

Aim:
To examine whether two-dimensional (2D) CIRT is dosimetrically superior to photon beam volume-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in protecting the normal tissues for stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Subjects and Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted. Thirteen patients with stage III NSCLC treated in our center with curative CIRT and a sham photon beam VMAT treatment planning with the same normal tissue dose constraints were included for analysis. Target dose distributions and the homogeneity index (HI) within the planning target volumes were compared.

Results:
Both CIRT and VMAT plans have good tumor coverage with no significant differences in D98, D95, and D50 of Planning target volume 1 (PTV1) between the two plans. The HIs between the two plans are similar. The HI of PTV2 is superior in the CIRT plan (CIRT vs. VMAT: 0.08 vs. 0.16, P < 0.05). In general, CIRT results in a lower dose of the organ-at-risk (OAR) than the photon plans. The V5, V10, V20, V30, V40, and Dmean of the contralateral lung in the CIRT plan are significantly lower than that of the photon VMAT. For the ipsilateral lung, the V5 of CIRT is significantly lower. The CIRT also had significantly lower spinal cord Dmax, esophageal Dmean and V50, V10 and V30 of bone, and V50 of the trachea and bronchial tree.

Conclusions:
Compared with photon VMAT, 2D-CIRT using the passive beam scanning technique significantly reduces the radiation dose to the OARs in curative radiotherapy of stage III NSCLC, suggesting a better protection of the normal tissues.
Evaluation of G3BP1 in the prognosis of acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure after the treatment of artificial liver support system
Authors: Li Wen-Yuan , Wang Lu-Wen , Dong Jin , Wang Yao 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND
The increased expression of G3BP1 was positively correlated with the prognosis of liver failure.
AIM
To investigate the effect of G3BP1 on the prognosis of acute liver failure (ALF) and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) after the treatment of artificial liver support system (ALSS).
METHODS
A total of 244 patients with ALF and ACLF were enrolled in this study. The levels of G3BP1 on admission and at discharge were detected. The validation set of 514 patients was collected to verify the predicted effect of G3BP1 and the viability of prognosis.
RESULTS
This study was shown that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and prothrombin time were closely related to the prognosis of patients. After the ALSS treatment, the patient’ amount of decreased G3BP1 index in difference of G3BP1 between the value of discharge and admission (difG3BP1) < 0 group had a nearly 10-fold increased risk of progression compared with the amount of increased G3BP1 index. The subgroup analysis showed that the difG3BP1 < 0 group had a higher risk of progression, regardless of model for end-stage liver disease high-risk or low-risk group. At the same time, compared with the inflammatory marks [tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18], G3BP1 had higher discrimination and was more stable in the model analysis and validation set. When combined with AFP and LDH, concordance index was respectively 0.84 and 0.8 in training and validation cohorts.
CONCLUSION
This study indicated that G3BP1 could predict the prognosis of ALF or ACLF patients treated with ALSS. The combination of G3BP1, AFP and LDH could accurately evaluate the disease condition and predict the clinical endpoint of patients.
Cardiac Tuberculosis: A Case Series from Ethiopia, Italy, and Uganda and a Literature Review
Authors: Cotugno Sergio , Guido Giacomo , Manco Cesari Giorgia , Ictho Jerry , Lochoro Peter , Amone James , Segala Francesco Vladimiro , De Vita Elda , Lattanzio Rossana , Okori Samuel , De Iaco Giuseppina , Girma Adisu , Sura Abata , Hessebo Eriballo Tariku , Balsemin Franco , Putoto Giovanni , Ronga Luigi , Manenti Fabio , Facci Enzo , Saracino Annalisa , Di Gennaro Francesco 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT.
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is estimated to account for up to 20% of active cases of TB disease, but its prevalence is difficult to ascertain because of the difficulty of diagnosis. Involvement of the heart is uncommon, with constrictive pericarditis being the most common cardiac manifestation. Diagnostic research for cardiac disease is frequently lacking, resulting in a high mortality rate. In addition to direct cardiac involvement, instances of cardiac events during antitubercular therapy are described. This case series describes five cases of TB affecting the heart (cardiac TB) from Italy and high-burden, low-income countries (Ethiopia and Uganda), including a case of Loeffler syndrome manifesting as myocarditis in a patient receiving antitubercular therapy. Our study emphasizes how cardiac TB, rare but important in high-burden areas, is a leading cause of pericardial effusion or pericarditis. Timely diagnosis and a comprehensive approach, including imaging and microbiological tools, are crucial. Implementing high-sensitivity methods and investigating alternative samples, such as detection of tuberculosis lipoarabinomannan or use of the GeneXpert assay with stool, is recommended in TB control programs.
Recombinase-Aided Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification on Human Plasmodium knowlesi
Authors: Lai Meng Yee , Abdul Hamid Mohd Hafizi , Jelip Jenarun , Mudin Rose Nani , Lau Yee Ling 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT.
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a nucleic acid amplification technique that can amplify specific nucleic acids at a constant temperature (63–65°C) within a short period (<1 hour). In this study, we report the utilization of recombinase-aided LAMP to specifically amplify the 18S sRNA of Plasmodium knowlesi. The method was built on a conventional LAMP assay by inclusion of an extra enzyme, namely recombinase, into the master mixture. With the addition of recombinase into the LAMP assay, the assay speed was executed within a time frame of less than 28 minutes at 65°C. We screened 55 P. knowlesi samples and 47 non–P. knowlesi samples. No cross-reactivity was observed for non–P. knowlesi samples, and the detection limit for recombinase-aided LAMP was one copy for P. knowlesi after LAMP amplification. It has been reported elsewhere that LAMP can be detected through fluorescent readout systems. Although such systems result in considerable limits of detection, the need for sophisticated equipment limits their use. Hence, we used here a colorimetric detection platform for the evaluation of the LAMP assay’s performance. This malachite green–based recombinase-aided LAMP assay enabled visualization of results with the naked eye. Negative samples were observed by a change in color from green to colorless, whereas positive samples remained green. Our results demonstrate that the LAMP assay developed here is a convenient, sensitive, and useful diagnostic tool for the rapid detection of knowlesi malaria parasites. This method is suitable for implementation in remote healthcare settings, where centralized laboratory facilities, funds, and clinicians are in short supply.
Susceptibility Status of <i>Anopheles gambiae</i> to selected Insecticides in parts of Benue State, North Central Nigeria
Authors: Yina G.I. , Yakubu D.P. , Mafuyai H.B. , Pam D.D. 
Published: February 2024

Vector control remains the preferred method for effective malaria control. The impressive results of vector control are however, threatened by emerging resistance to insecticides among Anopheles gambiae s.l. mosquitoes. This study aimed at determining the pattern of resistance to selected insecticides in each class of carbamates, organochlorines, organophosphates, and pyrethriods using World Health Organisation tubes and Centre for Disease prevention and Control standard bottle assay protocols. Larvae and pupae of Anopheles mosquitoes were collected in villages of Buruku and o Katsina-Ala Local Government Areas of Benue State between April and May 2019 and reared at 27 C and 80% relative humidity to adults at the Nasarawa state University Insectary. Susceptibility tests were carried out on 2-3 days old non- blood fed female adults. With WHO test method, Anopheles mosquitoes were completely susceptible (100% mortality) to Primiphos-methyl (organophosphate), Lambdacyhalothrin (pyrethroids) in Buruku and Katsina Ala but were resistant (54% mortality) to DDT (Organochlorine) in both sites. Mosquitoes were resistant (88% mortality) to Bendiocarb (Carbamates) in Katsina Ala but susceptible in Buruku with 99% mortality. However, the results for CDC bottle bioassays showed that Anopheles mosquitoes were susceptible to Primiphos methyl, Lambdacyhalothrin and Bendiocarb (>98% mortality) except for DDT which was resistant (<85% mortality) in both LGAs. Overall, this study shows that Anopheles gambiae s.l are resistant to DDT. The resistance may have arisen from indiscriminate use of the pesticide in households and for agricultural purposes. This study provides baseline and useful information on the susceptibility status of Anopheles mosquito populations to four classes of insecticides approved for public health use. Proper regulation should therefore be put in place on the procurement and use of this insecticide.
The Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> among Abattoir Workers in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Onosakponome E.O. , Nyenke C.U. , Ikpeama R.A. , Adedokun A.A. , Affia A.G. 
Published: February 2024

Toxoplasma gondiiis an obligate, intracellular, parasitic protozoan that causes toxoplasmosis. Infection in humans can occur through contact with contaminated soil, water, or unwashed raw vegetables and ingestion of bradyzoites from infected intermediate hosts’tissue, which is a potential route of transmission to meat handlers, including abattoir workers. This study aimed to determine the relationship between risk factors and seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among abattoir workers. The cross-sectional study composed of 160 participants from various abattoir locations in the state. The participants were randomly selected and via a well-structured questionnaire, data for possible risk factors were obtained. Blood Samples were also collected for IgM and IgG antibodies measurement for Toxoplasma gondii. The results indicated a high seroprevalence of T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies (43.8%) in abattoir workers in Rivers State. Risk factors observed to be significantly associated with T. gondii seropositivity in this study were the animal type slaughtered (birds, cows, and goats), and washing of hands/practicing good hygiene. The study demonstrated a high level a high seroprevalence of T. gondii among abattoir workers in Rivers State. There is a need for the Rivers State government to establish enlightenment and prevention programs for these occupationally exposed and other populations at risk of T. gondii infection.
Prevalence and Haematobiochemical Changes Associated with Haemoparasitic Infection of Indigenous Pigeons (<i>Columba livia</i>) sold in Ibadan Market, Nigeria
Authors: Bakre A.A. , Salau A.A. , Adesola R.O. 
Published: February 2024

Domestic pigeons are typically regarded as global birds and are great producers of meat and eggs. The presence of haemoparasites in birds causes serious health problems. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of blood parasites and their impact on the haematological and biochemical profiles of pigeons in Nigeria. A total of 105 adult pigeon were randomly selected and purchased from Shasha, Bode and Molete live bird market in Ibadan. The screening for haemoparasites was done using a microscopic examination. The haematological parameters such as haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, red blood cell and total white blood cell counts were determined using haemocytometry. Spectrophotometry was also used to determine serum biochemicals such as albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, creatinine, glucose and blood urea nitrogen. The sampled pigeons had a 26% overall prevalence of haemoparasites, Single infection (Leucocytozoon spp (7.7%), Plasmodium spp (23.1%) and Haemoproteus spp (15.4%)) and Mixed infection (Leucocytozoon spp, Plasmodium spp and Haemoproteus spp (19.2%), Plasmodium spp and Haemoproteus spp (34.6%)). The haematological findings demonstrated a significant rise in heterophil, eosinophil, and monocyte of infected pigeons (p ≤ 0.05). According to the serum biochemical results, the levels of globulin, Aspartate transferase, Alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, and Blood Urea Nitrogen in infected pigeons had increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05). The prevalence of haemoparasites and their impact on blood parameters revealed their devastating effect on the avian hosts' immune systems, which makes parasitism on birds frequently have serious consequences. Therefore, it is advised that households in Ibadan, Nigeria, raising domestic pigeons implement vector control and prophylactic treatment.
Hypophosphatemia as Potential Biomarker of Tonic-Clonic Seizures in the Emergency Room
Authors: Oliveira Renato , Pimentel José 
Published: February 2024

Transient alteration of consciousness is common in the emergency department. Tonic-clonic seizures (TCS) are a frequent presumptive diagnosis, but there is no reliable postictal biological marker. We report the case of a 19-year-old man with two episodes of generalized TCS, four months apart. Both were associated with moderate-to-severe hypophosphatemia (0.9 mg/dL, reference range 3.0-4.5 mg/dL). The investigation of phospho-calcium metabolism was negative, and phosphorus levels normalized between the two episodes and after the second TCS. The diagnosis of epilepsy was made based on the occurrence of two unprovoked TCS 24 hours apart.
The patient started antiseizure medication after the second TCS and has remained free of seizures (20 months of follow-up). Routine EEG with sleep showed slow temporal activity without epileptiform activity, and the brain magnetic resonance imaging was normal. Changes in serum phosphorus are not usually associated with acute symptomatic seizures. In this case, hypophosphatemia might have been a marker of TC.
USIA, JENIS KELAMIN DAN TINGKAT STRES BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PERILAKU MEROKOK PADA MAHASISWA
Authors: Suwarningsih Suwarningsih , Mujahidah Zakiyah , Putri Firdaus Farah Jihan 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Tingginya beban dan tanggung jawab pada mahasiswa menyebabkanmahasiswa berisiko mengalami stres. Merokok salah satu koping negatif yang seringdilakukan mahasiswa, dampakperilaku merokok dapat menyebabkan terjadinya masalahkesehatan. Metode: Penelitian inimenggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain crosssectional. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli-Agustus dengan sampel sebanyak 134mahasiswa. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan mayoritas berjenis kelamin laki-lakisebanyak 102 mahasiswa (76,1%) dengan usia 21-25 tahun sebanyak 74 mahasiswa (55,2%)mengalami stres sedang sebanyak 76 mahasiswa (56,7%) dengan perilaku merokokringansebanyak 89 mahasiswa (66,4). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan antaravariabel tingkat stres terhadap perilaku merokok menggunakan uji Chi-Square didapatkannilai P value 0.001 (<0.05) diartikan bahwa perbedaan proporsi tersebut bermakna. NilaiOR=2,812 artinya mahasiswa mempunyai peluang (berisiko) 2,8 kali ini untuk berperilakumerokok. Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil bahwa adanya hubungan yangsignifikan antara jenis kelamin, usia, dan tingkat stres terhadap perilaku merokok padamahasiswa. Kata Kunci: Usia, Jenis Kelamin, Tingkat Stres, Perilaku Merokok. ABSTRACTBackground: The high burden and responsibility on students causes students to be at risk ofexperiencing stress. Smoking is one of the negative coping that students often do, the impactof smoking behavior can cause health problems. Methods: This study used a quantitativemethod with a cross-sectional design. This research was conducted in July-August with asample of 134 students. Results: The results showed that the majority were male, 102 students(76.1%) aged 21-25 years, 74 students (55.2%) experienced moderate stress, 76 students(56.7%) with smoking behavior mild as many as 89 students (66.4). The results of this studyindicate that there is a relationship between the stress level variable and smoking behaviorusing the Chi-Square test to obtain a P value 0.001 (<0.05) means that the difference inproportion is significant. The value of OR=2.812 means that students have an opportunity(at risk) of 2.8 this time to smoke. Conclusion: This study found that there was a significantrelationship between gender, age, and stress levels on smoking behavior in students. Keywords: Age, Gender, Stress Level, Smoking Behavior
PENGARUH PELATIHAN LATIHAN JANTUNG BERBASIS VIDEOTERHADAP KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN PENYAKIT JANTUNG KORONER DI KLUB LATIHAN JANTUNG
Authors: Nurulhuda Uun , Pangastuti Tri Endah , Aprianti Tutty , Erlina Lina , Raharja Puji 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a condition where heart's artery (coronary artery) is blockedby fat buildup. The most common problems on CHD patients are relapse frequencies, lack ofknowledge on the signs of heart attack, and stressors when the attack happens. Heart exercise isone of the rehabilitation methods for CHD patients, therefore the researcher intended to assess theeffect of video-based heart exercise training on the quality of life of CHD patients in a heartexercise club. This research aimed to analyze the effect of heart exercise on the quality of life ofpatients with CHD. This research used quasi-experiment method with the sample being all of theheart exercise club's member. The result showed that heart exercise was able to give significanteffect on the quality of life of patients with CHD. In addition, the frequency of exercise has asignificant relationship with the quality of life of patients with CHD (p<0.05), and history ofdisease also has a significant relationship with the quality of life of patients with CHD (p<0.05). Keywords: Coronary heart disease (CHD), cardiac exercise, quality of life ABSTRAKPenyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) merupakan suatu keadaan dimana pembuluh darah jantung (artericoroner) tersumbat oleh timbunan lemak. Permasalahan yang sering muncul pada pasien PJKantara lain angka kekambuhan, kurangnya pengetahuan tentang munculnya tanda-tanda seranganjantung, dan stressor saat serangan terjadi. Senam jantung merupakan salah satu sarana rehabilitasibagi pasien PJK, oleh karena itu peneliti ingin mengkaji pengaruh pelatihan senam jantung berbasisvideo terhadap kualitas hidup pasien dengan penyakit jantung koroner di klub senam jantung.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh latihan jantung terhadap kualitas hiduppasien PJK. Metode penelitian yang digunakan, yaitu quasi eksperimen dengan sampel seluruhpopulasi klub senam jantung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa latihan jantung dapatmemberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kualitas hidup pasien PJK. Selain itu, frekuensiolahraga memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kualitas hidup pasien PJK (p<0,05) danriwayat penyakit memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kualitas hidup pasien PJK (p<0,05). Kata Kunci: Penyakit jantung koroner (PJK), latihan jantung, kualitas hidup
Intersectionality of Gender, Race, Class, Sexuality, Disability and Other Social Identities in Shaping the Experiences and Opportunities of Marginalized Groups in Ukraine
Authors: Rowan Moses 
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the representation and participation of women and gender minorities in various fields and domains.
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: In recent years, progress has been made in increasing the representation and participation of women and gender minorities across various fields. Despite these advancements, gender disparities persist due to ongoing barriers such as discrimination and unequal opportunities. Efforts to promote diversity and inclusion through initiatives like gender quotas and mentorship programs are crucial in addressing these challenges and achieving true gender equality..
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social construction theory, intersectionality theory & feminist theory may be used to anchor future studies on the representation and participation of women and gender minorities in various fields and domains. In practice, efforts are directed towards implementing strategies that promote diversity, equity, and inclusion in each domain. Policy interventions play a crucial role in institutionalizing and sustaining efforts to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion.