bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergy between Ca2+ and high ionic field‐strength cations during the corrosion of alkali aluminoborosilicate glasses in hyper‐alkaline media
Authors: Qin Qianhui , Stone‐Weiss Nicholas , Shi Nian , Mukherjee Pinaki , Ren Jinjun , Goel Ashutosh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOne major factor impeding the design of nuclear waste glasses with enhanced waste loadings is our insufficient understanding of their composition–structure–durability relationships, specifically in the environments the waste form is expected to encounter in a geological repository. In particular, the high field‐strength cations (HFSCs) are an integral component of most waste streams. However, their impact on the long‐term performance of the glassy waste form remains mostly undeciphered. In this context, the present study aims to understand the impact of some HFSCs (i.e., Nb5+, Zr4+, Ti4+, and La3+) on the dissolution behavior of alkali/alkaline‐earth aluminoborosilicate‐based model nuclear waste glasses in hyper‐alkaline media. At pH = 13, the studied glasses dissolve through the dissolution–reprecipitation mechanism, with Ca precipitation being the most vital step to passivation. In Ca‐free glasses, although the HFSCs slow down the forward rate, they do not seem to impact the residual rate behavior of glasses. The presence of Ca2+, however, initiates the rapid precipitation of network polymerizing HFSCs (i.e., Nb5+, Zr4+, and Ti4+) into a Ca2+/HFSCs‐based passivating layer, thus suggesting a synergy between Ca2+ and HFSCs that contributes to the enhanced long‐term durability of the glasses. Such synergy is not strongly evident for La3+, but instead, a potential La/Si affinity is observed upon the formation of the alteration layer.
Climate true‐cost analysis of industrial goods and its regulatory implications on value chains and global competition
Authors: Schlipf Matthias , Striegl Bastian , Gaugler Tobias 
Published: April 2024

AbstractClimate change and its damaging consequences for ecology and humanity is advancing. Industry and its metals sector are responsible for most greenhouse gas emissions. Current costs of industrial goods do not reflect the true costs caused by the externalized climate damages of its production and thus offer no competitive incentive to decarbonize. Additionally, regional climate regulation can lead to competitive distortion. We therefore aim to investigate the impact of climate cost internalization on the metals industry. Using true‐cost analysis for an exemplary and widely used metal product, the effects of climate true costs depending on production region, technology, and energy mix, CO2e taxation and value chain are examined. Based hereon, the impact of internalizing climate true costs together with the introduction of a carbon‐border tax on the carbon leakage problem, climate protection, and the cost situation for companies in global competition are investigated. The results of the study show that steel and wire production is responsible for most CO2e emissions showing significant decarbonization effects by steel recycling whereas production location and logistics play a minor role. On a competitive level, cost internalization has hardly any effect on the product costs because of the currently low CO2e‐taxation rates. Thus, almost no incentive to produce or consume in a climate‐protective way is generated, incentivizing production in pollution havens versus highly climate regulated regions. Instead, to realize emission efficiency gains and innovations leading to a competitive advantage of decarbonized products and value chains, a significant increase of CO2e‐taxation rates together with a carbon‐border tax is necessary.
Substitution modeling can coherently be used in attributional life cycle assessments
Authors: Provost‐Savard Arianne , Majeau‐Bettez Guillaume 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMost life cycle assessment (LCA) studies use the attributional methodology. This approach attributes a share of global environmental impacts to one or multiple functions provided by a normatively circumscribed system. Multifunctional systems that are not technologically subdivisible between co‐functions are frequently encountered in LCA studies. It then becomes necessary to resort to co‐production modeling techniques, like the substitution approach. The use of substitution modeling in attributional LCA (ALCA) is, however, discouraged amongst practitioners, due to the alleged violation of central requirements of the attributional methodology. The objective of this research is to shed light on common misconceptions about the compatibility of substitution with ALCA. The first misconception is that the use of substitution in ALCA violates the conservation of total environmental impacts. We find that this idea arises from a confusion regarding the attribution of impacts to the secondary product(s). The second misconception stipulates that substitution is not coherent with the state‐descriptive characteristic of ALCA. We conclude that we can describe a given system as resulting from an inferred (substitution) change, rather than as disrupted by this change. Finally, we discuss the choice of the substituted technology, and argue there is a logic to marginal substitution in ALCA. We therefore recommend accepting substitution modeling in ALCA.
The miR159a‐DUO1 module regulates pollen development by modulating auxin biosynthesis and starch metabolism in citrus
Authors: Xu Yanhui , Tian Wenxiu , Yin Minqiang , Cai Zhenmei , Zhang Li , Yuan Deyi , Yi Hualin , Wu Juxun 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTAchieving seedlessness in citrus varieties is one of the important objectives of citrus breeding. Male sterility associated with abnormal pollen development is an important factor in seedlessness. However, our understanding of the regulatory mechanism underlying the seedlessness phenotype in citrus is still limited. Here, we determined that the miR159a‐DUO1 module played an important role in regulating pollen development in citrus, which further indirectly modulated seed development and fruit size. Both the overexpression of csi‐miR159a and the knocking out of DUO1 in Hong Kong kumquat (Fortunella hindsii) resulted in small and seedless fruit phenotypes. Moreover, pollen was severely aborted in both transgenic lines, with arrested pollen mitotic I and abnormal pollen starch metabolism. Through additional cross‐pollination experiments, DUO1 was proven to be the key target gene for miR159a to regulate male sterility in citrus. Based on DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP‐seq), RNA‐seq, and verified interaction assays, YUC2/YUC6, SS4 and STP8 were identified as downstream target genes of DUO1, those were all positively regulated by DUO1. In transgenic F. hindsii lines, the miR159a‐DUO1 module down‐regulated the expression of YUC2/YUC6, which decreased indoleacetic acid (IAA) levels and modulated auxin signaling to repress pollen mitotic I. The miR159a‐DUO1 module reduced the expression of the starch synthesis gene SS4 and sugar transport gene STP8 to disrupt starch metabolism in pollen. Overall, this work reveals a new mechanism by which the miR159a‐DUO1 module regulates pollen development and elucidates the molecular regulatory network underlying male sterility in citrus.
Embodiment for Spatial Metaphors of Abstract Concepts Differs Across Languages in Chinese–English Bilinguals
Authors: Wei Yu Fen , Yang Wen Wen , Oppenheim Gary , Hu Jie Hui , Thierry Guillaume 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEmbodied cognition posits that processing concepts requires sensorimotor activation. Previous research has shown that perceived power is spatially embodied along the vertical axis. However, it is unclear whether such mapping applies equally in the two languages of bilinguals. Using event‐related potentials, we compared spatial embodiment correlates in participants reporting the source of auditory words as being presented from above or below their sitting position. English bilinguals responded faster for congruent presentations of high‐power words (presented above) but not for congruent presentations of low‐power words (presented below) in both languages. Low‐power words together also failed to modulate N400 amplitude or interact with language. However, follow‐up analyses on high‐power words showed congruency effects on N400 amplitude in Chinese but not in English. Finally, English controls showed no effect. This suggests that spatial embodiment differs across languages in bilinguals, but the roles of culture and proficiency require further research.
Trajectory of gestational weight gain is related to birthweight: The TAWS cohort study in China
Authors: Wang Jie , Li Jun , Yang Zhenyu , Duan Yifan , Li Fang , Zhou Pinjiao , Lai Jianqiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFew studies have reported the timing and amount of gestational weight gain (GWG) to prevent large‐for‐gestational‐age (LGA) or small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA). This study aimed to evaluate the association of GWG velocity in each trimester with LGA or SGA based on data from the Taicang and Wuqiang cohort study (TAWS, n = 2008). We used a linear mixed model to evaluate the association of trimester‐specific GWG velocity with birthweight categories and stratified by prepregnancy body mass index category and parity. For normal‐weight pregnant women, mothers with LGA births had higher GWG velocities than mothers with appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age (AGA) births in the first trimester (0.108 vs. 0.031 kg/week, p < 0.01), second trimester (0.755 vs. 0.631 kg/week, p < 0.01) and third trimester (0.664 vs. 0.594 kg/week, p < 0.01); in contrast, mothers with SGA births had lower GWG velocities than mothers with AGA births in the second trimester (0.528 vs. 0.631 kg/week, p < 0.01) and third trimester (0.541 vs. 0.594 kg/week, p < 0.01). For normal‐weight pregnant women with AGA births, multiparous women had lower GWG velocities than primiparous women in the second (0.602 vs. 0.643 kg/week, p < 0.01) and third trimesters (0.553 vs. 0.606 kg/week, p < 0.01). Therefore, for normal‐weight women, LGA prevention would begin in early pregnancy and continue until delivery and the second and third trimesters may be critical periods for preventing SGA; in addition, among normal‐weight pregnant women with AGA births, multiparous women tend to have lower weight gain velocities than primiparous women.
Molecular characterization of hypermucoviscous carbapenemase‐encoding Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from an Egyptian hospital
Authors: Ragheb Suzan Mohammed , Osei Sekyere John 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to screen antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in carbapenem‐resistant hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from an Egyptian hospital. Among 38 previously confirmed carbapenem‐nonsusceptible K. pneumoniae isolates, a string test identified three isolates as positive for hypermucoviscosity. Phenotypic characterization and molecular detection of carbapenemase‐ and virulence‐encoding genes were performed. PCR‐based multilocus sequence typing and phylogenetics were used to determine the clonality and global epidemiology of the strains. The coexistence of virulence and resistance genes in the isolates was analyzed statistically using a chi‐square test. Three isolates showed the presence of carbapenemase‐encoding genes (blaNDM, blaVIM, and blaIMP), adhesion genes (fim‐H‐1 and mrkD), and siderophore genes (entB); the isolates belonged to sequence types (STs) 101, 1310, and 1626. The relatedness between these sequence types and the sequence types of globally detected hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae that also harbor carbapenemases was determined. Our analysis showed that the resistance and virulence profiles were not homogenous. Phylogenetically, different clones clustered together. There was no significant association between the presence of resistance and virulence genes in the isolates. There is a need for periodic surveillance of the healthcare settings in Egypt and globally to understand the true epidemiology of carbapenem‐resistant, hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae.
His potential injury as the end point of screwing by a continuous recording technique in His bundle pacing: A case report
Authors: Zhong Jinyan , Jiang Longfu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundHis bundle pacing (HBP) engaged electrical activation of both ventricles by stimulating the His‐Purkinje network, which could avoid marked ventricles dyssynchrony. The lead was given three to five clockwise rotations at the site with the His potential to anchor the interventricular septum. In 2018, the Multicenter His Bundle Pacing Collaborative Working Group recommended that the His bundle capture threshold should be lower than 2.5 V/1 ms in non‐pacing‐dependent patients, and pacing‐dependent patients should have a lower adjacent ventricular capture threshold as self‐backup. Therefore, to avoid safety issues such as loss of capture caused by increased threshold, we believe that more stringent criteria should be adopted in patients with atrioventricular block (AVB). In previous studies, the connection cable needed to be disconnected during the screwing. When the procedure was finished, the performer found that the patients with His bundle injury could obtain a lower threshold than those without His bundle injury. Although no studies of new bundle branch block (BBB) or AVB by the acute His bundle injury was reported. However, It is worrying that the damage of His bundle seems random during the procedure. How to balance avoiding severe injury with a lower capture threshold? At present, we report a case of light His injury and lower His capture threshold under continuous intracardiac electrocardiogram monitoring.
On the provision of excludable public goods: General taxes or user prices?
Authors: Economides George , Philippopoulos Apostolis 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper compares some of the most common ways of financing the provision of publicly provided impure public goods/services in a unified dynamic general equilibrium framework with heterogeneous income groups. The focus is on the effects of user prices on individual incentives and how the latter shape aggregate outcomes and distribution. We show that a market‐like mechanism of user prices not only improves individual incentives and enhances aggregate efficiency, but it is also Pareto improving. However, such a mechanism is not beneficial or simply collapses when social externalities are strong, when the government adopts a mixed system that combines user prices with heavy subsidization of user costs, and when there is a minimum amount of the good that everybody needs.
Aesthetic doctors’ perception and attitudes toward tolerance in botulinum toxin
Authors: Oh Seung Min , Kim Hyoung Moon , Ahn Tae Hwan , Park Min Soo , Ree Yoo‐Seock , Park Eun Soo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundBotulinum toxin is a crucial therapeutic tool with broad indications in both cosmetic and medical fields. However, the expanding cosmetic use and increased dosages of botulinum toxin have raised concerns about resistance, making it essential to study the awareness and management practices among healthcare professionals.MethodsA survey was conducted among clinical physicians using botulinum toxin. The study investigated their experiences, awareness, and management practices related to toxin resistance. Real‐time mobile app‐based surveys were administered to clinicians attending the 45th International Academic Conference of the Korean Academy of Laser and Dermatology (KALDAT) on December 3, 2023.ResultsAmong 3140 participants, 673 clinical physicians completed the survey. Of these, 363 clinicians (53.9%) reported experiencing botulinum toxin resistance. Regarding the resistance rate, 59.4% indicated less than 1%, 36% reported approximately 1%–25%, and 95.4% reported less than 25%. Efforts to prevent resistance included maintaining intervals of over 3 months (54.8%), using products with lower resistance potential (47.0%), employing minimal effective doses (28.2%), and minimizing re‐administration (14.9%).ConclusionIn the South Korean aesthetic medicine community, a majority of clinical physician's report encountering botulinum toxin resistance. Given the potential loss of various benefits associated with resistance, there is a need to establish appropriate guidelines based on mechanistic studies and current status assessments. Educating clinicians on applicable guidelines is crucial.
Phenylalanine treatment induces tomato resistance to Tuta absoluta via increased accumulation of benzenoid/phenylpropanoid volatiles serving as defense signals
Authors: Kumar Varun , Nadarajan Stalin , Boddupally Dayakar , Wang Ru , Bar Einat , Davidovich‐Rikanati Rachel , Doron‐Faigenboim Adi , Alkan Noam , Lewinsohn Efraim , Elad Yigal , Oren‐Shamir Michal 
Published: April 2024

SUMMARYTuta absoluta (“leafminer”), is a major pest of tomato crops worldwide. Controlling this insect is difficult due to its efficient infestation, rapid proliferation, and resilience to changing weather conditions. Furthermore, chemical pesticides have only a short‐term effect due to rapid development of T. absoluta strains. Here, we show that a variety of tomato cultivars, treated with external phenylalanine solutions exhibit high resistance to T. absoluta, under both greenhouse and open field conditions, at different locations. A large‐scale metabolomic study revealed that tomato leaves absorb and metabolize externally given Phe efficiently, resulting in a change in their volatile profile, and repellence of T. absoluta moths. The change in the volatile profile is due to an increase in three phenylalanine‐derived benzenoid phenylpropanoid volatiles (BPVs), benzaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde, and 2‐phenylethanol. This treatment had no effect on terpenes and green leaf volatiles, known to contribute to the fight against insects. Phe‐treated plants also increased the resistance of neighboring non‐treated plants. RNAseq analysis of the neighboring non‐treated plants revealed an exclusive upregulation of genes, with enrichment of genes related to the plant immune response system. Exposure of tomato plants to either benzaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde, or 2‐phenylethanol, resulted in induction of genes related to the plant immune system that were also induced due to neighboring Phe‐treated plants. We suggest a novel role of phenylalanine‐derived BPVs as mediators of plant–insect interactions, acting as inducers of the plant defense mechanisms.
Solanum pennellii (LA5240) backcross inbred lines (BILs) for high resolution mapping in tomato
Authors: Torgeman Shai , Pleban Tzili , Goldberg Yael , Ferrante Paola , Aprea Giuseppe , Giuliano Giovanni , Yichie Yoav , Fisher Josef , Zemach Itay , Koch Amit , Rochsar Edan , Oved Matan , Bandel Kfir , Zamir Dani 
Published: April 2024

SUMMARYWild species are an invaluable source of new traits for crop improvement. Over the years, the tomato community bred cultivated lines that carry introgressions from different species of the tomato tribe to facilitate trait discovery and mapping. The next phase in such projects is to find the genes that drive the identified phenotypes. This can be achieved by genotyping a few thousand individuals resulting in fine mapping that can potentially identify the causative gene. To couple trait discovery and fine mapping, we are presenting large, recombination‐rich, Backcross Inbred Line (BIL) populations involving an unexplored accession of the wild, green‐fruited species Solanum pennellii (LA5240; the ‘Lost’ Accession) with two modern tomato inbreds: LEA, determinate, and TOP, indeterminate. The LEA and TOP BILs are in BC2F6–8 generation and include 1400 and 500 lines, respectively. The BILs were genotyped with 5000 SPET markers, showing that in the euchromatic regions there was one recombinant every 17–18 Kb while in the heterochromatin a recombinant every 600–700 Kb (TOP and LEA respectively). To gain perspective on the topography of recombination we compared five independent members of the Self‐pruning gene family with their respective neighboring genes; based on PCR markers, in all cases we found recombinants. Further mapping analysis of two known morphological mutations that segregated in the BILs (self‐pruning and hairless) showed that the maximal delimited intervals were 73 Kb and 210 Kb, respectively, and included the known causative genes. The ‘Lost’_BILs provide a solid framework to study traits derived from a drought‐tolerant wild tomato.
Validation of the Reichert® Tono‐Vera® Vet rebound tonometer in normal ex vivo canine eyes
Authors: Kapeller Lydia E. , Buckman Phillip N. , Wang Sichao , Komáromy András M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the accuracy of the Reichert® Tono‐Vera® Vet rebound tonometer for canine intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement.Animals StudiedFive normal canine ex vivo globes.ProceduresThe anterior chambers of five freshly enucleated normal canine eyes were cannulated and connected to a reservoir of Plasma‐Lyte A and a manometer. Starting at a manometric IOP of 5 mmHg, the pressure was progressively increased to 80 mmHg by raising the reservoir. Triplicate IOP measurements were taken with the Tono‐Vera® Vet from the central cornea using the dog setting and compared to the manometric pressure by linear regression analysis and Bland–Altman plots.ResultsThere was a strong positive linear regression trend when comparing central corneal Tono‐Vera® Vet IOPs to manometric pressures (r2 = .99) with solid agreement between the two methods. Compared to manometric IOPs, the Tono‐Vera® Vet underestimated IOPs at higher pressures ≥70 mmHg.ConclusionsMeasurement of IOPs from the central cornea with the Tono‐Vera® Vet provided accurate results over a large range in normal canine globes compared to direct manometry. The mild to moderate underestimation of IOPs at high pressures was not considered clinically relevant.
Acute hypoalgesic, neurophysiological and perceptual responses to low‐load blood flow restriction exercise and high‐load resistance exercise
Authors: Norbury Ryan , Grant Ian , Woodhead Alex , Hughes Luke , Tallent Jamie , Patterson Stephen D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study compared the acute hypoalgesic and neurophysiological responses to low‐load resistance exercise with and without blood flow restriction (BFR), and free‐flow, high‐load exercise. Participants performed four experimental conditions where they completed baseline measures of pain pressure threshold (PPT), maximum voluntary force (MVF) with peripheral nerve stimulation to determine central and peripheral fatigue. Corticospinal excitability (CSE), corticospinal inhibition and short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) were estimated with transcranial magnetic stimulation. Participants then performed low‐load leg press exercise at 30% of one‐repetition maximum (LL); low‐load leg press with BFR at 40% (BFR40) or 80% (BFR80) of limb occlusion pressure; or high‐load leg press of four sets of 10 repetitions at 70% one‐repetition maximum (HL). Measurements were repeated at 5, 45 min and 24 h post‐exercise. There were no differences in CSE or SICI between conditions (all P > 0.05); however, corticospinal inhibition was reduced to a greater extent (11%–14%) in all low‐load conditions compared to HL (P < 0.005). PPTs were 12%–16% greater at 5 min post‐exercise in BFR40, BFR80 and HL compared to LL (P ≤ 0.016). Neuromuscular fatigue displayed no clear difference in the magnitude or time course between conditions (all P > 0.05). In summary, low‐load BFR resistance exercise does not induce different acute neurophysiological responses to low‐load, free‐flow exercise but it does promote a greater degree of hypoalgesia and reduces corticospinal inhibition more than high‐load exercise, making it a useful rehabilitation tool. The changes in neurophysiology following exercise were not related to changes in PPT.