bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective cytotoxicity of aids virus infection towards HTLV‐I‐transformed cell lines
Authors: Koyanagi Yoshio , Harada Shinji , Yamamoto Naoki , Takahashi Mutsuo , Uchino Fumiya 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPreviously, we reported that cells of the human T‐cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV‐I)‐transformed lines MT‐2 and MT‐4 were extensively killed by infection with AIDS retrovirus HTLY‐III. We have investigated this phenomenon more systematically using light and electron microscopy as well as immunofluorescence. The cell lines used in the present studies included 14 of those carrying not only human HTLY‐1 but also related simian agents and 6 HTLY‐I‐negative T‐ and B‐cell lines. The results showed that the cytocidal effects occurred in the HTLY‐I‐transformed cell lines exclusively and were not present in further subcultures. In these cell lines the cytotoxic response was closely correlated with the induction of HTLV‐III antigens after virus infection. However, cells of 6 HTLV‐I‐free lines were not killed to a marked extent by HTLV‐III and were passaged as continuous producers of AIDS virus. Only 2 cell lines were resistant to the cytocidal effect of HTLV‐III among 14 HTLV‐I carrying cell lines. They were also resistant to the replication of infected HTLV‐III. This AIDS virus‐specific cytotoxic effect observed in HTLV‐I‐transformed cell lines did not appear to be associated with gene expression of the gag and pXs region of HTLV‐I genomes. This result may indicate that HTLV‐III specifically interferes with some steps of HTLV‐I transformation.
Expression of cell surface glycoproteins in human melanoma cell lines with different tumorigenic properties
Authors: Berthier‐Vergnes Odile , Portoukalian Jacques , Doré Jean‐François 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman malignant melanoma cell lines characterized by either a high or a low ability to grow subcutaneously in athymic nude mice have been examined for their cell‐surface glycoproteins. Striking differences were demonstrated between these 2 groups. Cells from lines of low tumorigenicity (LT group) displayed twice as much Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase and galactose oxidase accessible glycoproteins as cells from lines of high tumorigenicity (HT group) and each group of cell lines could be characterized by specific glycoprotein profiles. LT and HT group cells displayed similar amounts of periodate accessible glycoproteins, but sialoglycoprotein profiles were characteristic for each group of cell lines. Furthermore, whereas 87% of the sialic acid released by V. cholerae neuraminidase came from cell surface glycoproteins in HT group cells, only 53–55% of the released sialic acid came from surface glycoproteins in LT group cells. These results suggest that human melanoma cell lines exhibiting different tumorigenicity in nude mice can also be characterized by differences in composition and organization within the plasma membranes of their cell‐surface sialoglycoproteins.
Stimulation of human monocyte oxidative burst and related cytotoxicity by tumor‐promoting and non‐tumorpromoting diterpene esters, indole alkaloids and polyacetate‐type agents
Authors: Keisari Yona , Geva Ita , Flescher Eliezer , Goldin Hedva , Lavie Gad 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman peripheral blood monocytes were cultured and exposed to plant diterpens, indole alkaloids and polyacetates with various degrees of tumor‐promoting activity. The effect of the above‐mentioned encounter on monocyte function was examined, as expressed by H2O2 production and lysis of dog erythrocytes by the cells, and the inhibition of 3H‐PDBu binding to the monocytes by the various test agents. The most effective reagents in both activation of monocyte function and inhibition of 3H‐PDBu binding were 12‐0‐tetradecanoyl‐phorbol 13‐acetate (TPA), phorbol 12, 13 dibutyrate, teleocidin, and aplysiatoxin which are known to be strong tumor promoters. Strong stimulation of monocyte function was also exerted by the weak tumor promoters, phorbol 12‐retinoate 13‐acetate, mezerein and debromoaplysiatoxin. Non‐tumor‐promoting phorbol diterpens such as phorbol 12, 13‐diacetate, phorbol 12‐myristate, phorbol 13‐acetate and 4‐alpha TPA were 1,000 times less effective than TPA in monocyte stimulation and inhibition of 3H‐PDBu binding. These results indicate that stimulation of human monocyte H2O2 production and related cytotoxicity might discriminate effectively between tumor‐promoting and non‐tumor‐promoting reagents.
Cholera‐toxin‐enhanced growth of human breast cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo: Interaction with estrogen
Authors: Sheffield L. G. , Welsch C. W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCholera toxin (which increases intracellular cAMP levels) significantly (p < 0.05) increased the growth of MCF‐7, T47‐D and Hs578T human breast carcinoma cells in vitro. The effect of cholera toxin on growth of MCF‐7 and T47‐D cells was more pronounced in the presence of 17β‐estradiol (p<0.05), indicating a synergism between cAMP and estradiol in growth control of estrogen‐receptor‐positive breast carcinoma cells. This interaction was not observed in the estrogenreceptor‐negative cell line Hs578T. Daily injections of cholera toxin into female athymic nude mice bearing MCF‐7 or Hs578T tumors resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) increased growth of the tumors. Cholera toxin treatments, in addition, significantly (p < 0.05) increased cAMP levels in tumor cells and tumor tissue, in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The results of this study clearly demonstrated that an increase in cAMP levels via cholera toxin treatment causes enhanced growth (in vitro and in vivo) of estrogen‐receptorpositive and ‐negative human breast carcinoma cells and, although estrogen alone was not mitogenic to the estrogen‐receptor‐positive breast carcinoma cells in vitro, the steroid was mitogenic to these cells in the presence of elevated cellular cAMP levels.
The effects of single versus triple intravenous injections of B16 melanoma cells on the development of pulmonary tumors in mice
Authors: Ward P. M. , Weiss L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring natural metastasis, cancer cells are released continuously into the bloodstream and arrested in target organs; the process is repetitive rather than a single event. In this communication, the effect of preceding on successive „pulses”︁ of cancer cells is discussed in relation to the arrest, retention and tumor formation of B16 melanoma cells in the lungs of mice receiving 3 separate tail‐vein injections at 2‐hr intervals. When animals received the same total number of cells in either 1 or 3 injections, no significant differences were detected in the initial arrest and subsequent retention in the lungs. However, 15 days after injection, mice which had received 3 pulses of cancer cells were found to have fewer pulmonary tumors than those which had received a single pulse of cells. The results show that interactions between 2 successive waves of B16 melanoma cells and their host did not affect the initial arrest and „short‐term”︁ retention of a third wave of radiolabelled cells. However, the „longer‐term”︁ experiments on tumor formation show that preceding pulses of cancer cells resulted in the lungs becoming more hostile to a succeeding pulse than was the case in appropriate controls. The results indicate that the relative metastatic capacities of cancer cells arrested in microvascular beds during hematogenous metastasis could well be diminished by antecedent interactions of this type.
Parity and cancer risk in slovakia
Authors: Plesko I. , Dimitrova E. , Somogyi J. , Preston‐Martin S. , Day N. E. , Tzonou A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMortality data from women aged 45‐74 who died between 1968 and 1977 in Slovakia, Czechoslovakia, were used to examine the effect of parity (number of live‐born children) on risk of dying from each of 20 common cancers. After controlling for the effects of age and year of death, the effect of parity on risk was statistically significant at the p < 0.001 level, for cancers of the stomach, liver, gall‐bladder, breast, cervix, and ovary; and at the p < 0.01 level for uterine corpus and brain. No effect of parity was seen for cancer of the colon or rectum. Among parous women the trend relating risk to level of parity was significant at the p < 0.001 level for cancers of the breast, uterine corpus, ovary and brain; and at the p < 0.01 level for stomach cancer. The findings relating parity to cancers of the breast and reproductive organs are consistent with previous reports. The associations of parity with cancers of the digestive tract deserve further study.
Prognostic value of concentration of pregnancy‐specific β1‐glycoprotein (SP1) in serum of patients with breast cancer
Authors: Fagnart O. C. , Cambiaso C. L. , Lejeune M. D. , Noel G. , Maisin H. , Masson P. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPregnancy‐specific β1‐glycoprotein (SP1) was assayed by particle counting immunoassay in serum from 46 healthy female blood donors, 33 patients with benign mastopathy and 84 patients with breast cancer before operation and during follow‐up. Values > I μg/I were found more frequently with benign mastopathies (11/33) and in patients with breast cancer at stage 2 (20/48), 3 (4/9), and 4 (7/10) than in healthy female blood donors (3/46). The survival rate after 4 years was significantly lower in patients with SP1 level > 1 μg/1 before tumor resection (52% vs. 87%). The difference remained significant when only patients in stage 2 were taken into account (57% vs. 85%). A highly significant (r = 0.64; N = 46) negative correlation was observed between the concentration of SP1 in serum and the concentration of estrogen receptor in the tumor. The longitudinal study of patients in stage 2 indicated that, of the 15 whose SP1 concentration fell below 1 μg/1 after operation, 14 survived over 4 years whereas during the same period, 9 of the 10 patients whose SP1 value remained higher than I μg/1 died.
A glycoprotein antigen detected with new monoclonal antibodies on the surface of human lymphocytes infected with human T‐cell leukemia virus type‐I (HTLV‐I)
Authors: Tanaka Yuetsu , Inoi Takeshi , Tozawa Hideki , Yamamoto Naoki , Hinuma Yorio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have prepared two new mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) named TARM‐34 (IgM) and TAG‐34 (IgG I), that react with surface antigens of lines of human lymphocytes bearing a human T‐cell leukemia virus type‐I (HTLV‐I.) The characters of these antibodies are compared with those of anti‐HTLV‐I gp21 MAb (TA‐21, IgGI), anti‐HTLV‐I p19 MAb (GIN‐14, IgGI) and human antibodies from patients with adult T‐cell leukemia (ATL). An indirect membrane immunofluorescence assay showed that TARM‐34, TAG‐34 and TA‐21 all reacted specifically with cell‐surface antigens of HTLV‐I‐positive T‐ and B‐cell lines and cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes from HTLV‐I‐infected adults, Radioimmunoassay showed that serum antibodies from the ATL patients interfered with the binding of TA‐21 antibody to cells of the HTLV‐I‐positive T‐cell line MT‐2, but not with the bindings of TARM‐34 and TAG‐34 antibodies. TARM‐34 and TAG34 both precipitated a 34‐kd glycoprotein (gP34), while TA‐21 precipitated gp21 from a lysate of 3Hmine‐labelled MT‐2 cells. TARM.34 and TAG‐34 also precipitated the 34‐kd protein from Iysates of MT‐2 and HUT 102 cells labelled with 125l‐ or 35S‐cysteine. Interestingly, TARM‐34 and TAG‐34 also precipitated 35‐kd protein from a lysate of other HTLV‐I‐positive cells (F‐Taj cell line) derived from an ATL patient. TA21 precipitated the 21‐kd protein from the Iysates of 35S‐cysteine‐labelled HTLV‐IMT‐2 virions, but TARM‐34 and TAG‐34 did not precipitate any protein from this lysate. TARM‐34 lysed HTLV‐I‐bearing cells in the presence of rabbit complement. These results indicate that TARM‐34 and TAG‐34 both recognize a glycoprotein antigen that is expressed on the surface of HTLVI‐infected cells.
Ag‐Nor staining in human chromosomes: Differential staining in normal and leukemic bone‐marrow samples
Authors: Arden K. C. , Pathak S. , Frankel L. S. , Zander A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA silver staining technique developed by Goodpasture and Bloom (1975) stains a specific protein associated with the activity of ribosomal cistrons during the preceding interphase. By counting the number of chromosomes with darkly stained nucleolus organizer regions (NORs), the number of active NORs per metaphase can be determined. A comparison of NOR activity in bone‐marrow cells from leukemic patients in different stages of disease with that of bone marrow from normal, healthy individuals was conducted and differential NOR activity was detected. The control group showed significantly lower NOR activity when compared with a group of patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). These preliminary data indicate that this simple cytochemical technique can be effectively used to differentiate between normal and ALL bone‐marrow samples.
Recognition by a natural cytotoxic antibody of lactoneotetraglycosyl ceramide as an antigenic molecule in a syngeneic rat fibrosarcoma
Authors: Takimoto Masato , Suzuki Eiji , Naiki Masaharu , Itaya Toshiyuki , Takeichi Noritoshi , Hosokawa Masuo , Kobayashi Hiroshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractConventionally bred rats possess in their sera an NA4 which hasαcytotoxic effect onαtumor cell line (KMT‐17) derived fromαfibrosarcoma induced by 3‐methylcholanthrene and which can be absorbed by normal rat tissues. We have succeeded in purifyingαglycosphingolipid as an antigen reactive to NA. GSLs isolated from the tumor cells were separated into neutral and acidic fractions. The former fraction was judged to be antigenic as detected by its capacity to absorb NA. The antigenic fraction was further separated into 7 fractions (Frs. A to G) by silicic acid chromatography. The antigenic activity was detected in only Frs.D and E, although Fr.D wasαmore potent antigen than Fr.E. Chemical and immunochemical analyses showed that both fractions are composed of lactoneotetraglycosyl ceramide (paragloboside), Gal(β 1‐4)GlcNAc(β 1‐3)Gal(β 1‐4)GIc(β 1‐1 )ceramide, and that the more active GSL, Fr.D, contains larger amounts of long fatty‐acid chains. Inhibition studies using disaccharides and monosaccharides indicated thatαN‐acetyllactosamine moiety, Gal(β 1‐4)GlcNAc, of the GSL isαspecific site of NA. These results suggest that paragloboside is an NA antigen and thatαsugar chain portion of this GSL is required for defining specificity while the ceramide portion playsαrole in potentiating the antigenicity of this GSL antigen for NA.
No loss of estrogenic or anti‐estrogenic activity after demethylation of droloxifene (3‐OH‐Tamoxifen)
Authors: Löser R. , Seibel K. , Eppenberger U. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe binding affinity of 3‐OH‐Tamoxifen (Droloxifene or DROL) and N‐demethyl‐droloxifene (NDDROl) to the cystosolic estrogen receptor of rabbit uteri was 10 times higher than that of Tamoxifen. Both compounds exhibited similar stimulation (estrogenic effect) and inhibition (anti‐estrogenic effect) of uterine growth of immature female rats. 3H‐Uridine incorporation into the RNA of MCF‐7 and ZR‐75 cells as a measure of anti‐estrogenic activity was equally inhibited by concentrations of 0.05 ‐ 1.0 μ mol/l of both compounds. Thus, the pharmacological properties of DROl were not changed by N‐demethylation.
Induction of cytotoxicity by interleukin‐2 in tγ‐lymphoproliferative disorders
Authors: Allavena P. , Introna M. , Rambaldi A. , Zanaboni F. , Rossini S. , Villa A. , Bassan R. , Barbui T. , Mantovani A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have studied 7 patients with Tγ‐lymphoproliferative disorders, in whom 78‐88% of circulating nonadherent lymphocytes had the morphology of large granular lymphocytes (LGL) as assessed by light and transmission electron microscopy. The main common features of the membrane phenotype of these LGL expansions included expression of T3, HNK‐I and AB8,28. Other monoclonal antibody‐defined surface markers of LGL (OKMI, B73.I, N90I) were variably expressed or absent in these patients. Patients' LGL had little or no natural killer (NK) activity but mediated antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Exposure to interferons (type B or γ) for 20‐72 hr resulted in no appreciable induction of cytolytic activity. In contrast, culture in the presence of interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) for 3 days resulted in the expression of strong cytolytic activity in all the patients tested against an NK‐susceptible (K562) and an NK‐resistant (Daudi) target. The expression of T3 antigen, the low levels or lack of native NK activity and the induction of consistent cytotoxicity by prolonged exposure to IL‐2 led us to suggest that the cells expanding in these subjects are related to the effectors involved in lymphokine‐activated killer (LAK) activity.
The association of replacement estrogens with breast cancer
Authors: Nomura Abraham M. Y. , Kolonel Laurence N. , Hirohata Tomio , Lee James 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis epidemiologic case‐control study examined the relationship between replacement estrogen use and breast cancer risk in 2 population groups in Hawaii. No significant associations were observed when 161 Caucasian cases were compared with either their neighborhood controls (RR = 0.9; 95% CI = 0.5‐1.3)5 or their hospital controls (RR = 0.7; 95% CI = 0.4 to 1.1) and when 183 Japanese cases were compared with either their neighborhood controls (RR= 1.1; 95% CI = 0.7‐1.6) or their hospital controls (RR= 1.0; 95% CI = 0.6‐1.4). The results indicate that the use of replacement estrogens cannot account for the large difference in breast cancer incidence between the 2 Hawaiian ethnic groups. However, further data analysis involving neighborhood controls was suggestive of a possible increase in breast cancer risk with estrogen use for certain sub‐groups of women who are at high risk for the disease. These included estrogen users with a family history of breast cancer or a history of benign breast disease. These findings are in agreement with other studies which have used non‐hospitalized controls. Because the numbers of cases in this study are not substantial, it is recommended that a large population‐based case‐control study be undertaken to clarify the relationship between breast cancer risk and replacement estrogen use, especially in sub‐groups of women at high risk for the disease.
Human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 in carcinomas of the penis from brazil
Authors: McCance D. J. , Kalache A. , Ashdown K. , Andrade L. , Menezes F. , Smith P. , Doll R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) type‐16 DNA sequences were found in 26/53 (49%) and HPV type‐18 in 5/53 (9%) of penile cancers. In only one specimen was HPV 18 found on its own. HPV 16 sequences were integrated into the host cell chromosomes although some monomeric and oligomeric free forms of DNA were detected in a few tissues. HPV 18 was, as far as detectable, free and unintegrated in all tissues tested. HPV 16 DNA was also detected in 40% of cases of carcinoma of the cervix in 19 women from the same social groups as the males. The viral DNA in the female cases was a mixture of integrated and free forms. The DNA binding protein (ICSP 11/12) of herpes simplex type 2 (HSV‐2) was not detected in 10 penile cancers tested with a monoclonal antibody.
Molecular cloning and characterization of the dna of a new human papillomavirus (hpv 30) from a laryngeal carcinoma
Authors: Kahn Tomas , Schwarz Elisabeth , Hausen Harald Zur 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDNA from a human laryngeal carcinoma was molecularly cloned in Lambda L47. The gene library was screened for human papillomavirus (HPV)‐related sequences by hybridization analysis with 32P‐labelled HPV 16 DNA at conditions of low stringency (Tm −40°C). One of the clones (4‐5) with an insert of 7.8 kb showed cross‐hybridization with most of the known HPV types (Tm −40°C), and with several of them even under more stringent conditions (Tm ‐30°C). No signal was detected under high‐stringency conditions (Tm −20°C). The co‐linear alignment of clone 4‐5 with HPV 16 DNA could be demonstrated by hybridization experiments and also by partial DNA sequence analysis. We conclude that clone 4‐5 represents a new HPV type tentatively designated HPV 30. HPV 30 DNA was also detected in 2 genital lesions but not in 41 laryngeal carcinomas analyzed so far. Its presence in other tumor DNA is now under investigation.
Hydrocortisone and some other hormones enhance the expression of HTLV‐III
Authors: Markham Phillip D. , Salahuddin S. Zaki , Veren Keith , Orndorff Sharon , Gallo Robert C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe ability to productively infect fresh normal human peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes with HTLV‐III was improved by supplementing cell culture medium with either the gonadal steroid, chorionic gonadotropin, or insulin, and more substantially with the adrenocortical steroid, hydrocortisone. Several other sex hormones and another corticosteroid, dexamethasone, had no significant effect. In addition, the isolation of HTLV‐III from lymphocytes established in culture from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), AIDS‐related complex (ARC), and healthy, at‐risk donors was greatly facilitated by the inclusion of hydrocortisone in cell culture media. In 13/20 primary cell cultures tested from AIDS and ARC patients from whom virus was isolated, the amount of virus produced was elevated from low to easily detectable levels in those containing hydrocortisone. In 3/20 specimens tested, virus was detected and isolated from cell cultures supplemented with hydrocortisone but was undetectable in those lacking the hormone. These experiments demonstrate that hydrocortisone, a readily available, inexpensive supplement to cell culture media, can facilitate the detection and isolation of HTLV‐III. These studies, furthermore, suggest a role for corticosteroids and possibly gonadal steroids in the modulation of virus expression and/or release and suggest that the viral inductive capacity of these and other compounds should be considered as they are evaluated for clinical use.
Firm persistent binding between activated macrophages and tumor cells is not a prerequisite for the mediation of cytolysis
Authors: Keller R. , Keist R. , Groscurth P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe present study seeks to reassess the roles of macrophage activation and persistent firm binding to tumor cells as a prerequisite for tumoricidal activity. To this end, macrophage effector populations from various tissues, expressing diverse functional activities, were made to interact in vitro with different suspension tumor cell lines. The resultant binding and cytolytic effector cell capacities were determined. Macrophage activation appears to be an absolute prerequisite for binding and for killing of tumor cells. Activated macrophages firmly bind and form clusters with D‐12 rat fibrosarcoma cells, which are relatively resistant to macrophage‐mediated tumoricidal action. In contrast, P‐815 murine mastocytoma cells, highly susceptible to the lytic activity of macrophages, bind rather poorly with activated macrophages and do not form clusters. Since susceptible target cells are readily killed by activated rat macrophages in the absence of persistent firm contact, it appears that firm binding and killing are not causally related events.
Peroxisome proliferators show tumor‐promoting but no direct transforming activity in vitro
Authors: Lillehaug Johan R. , Aarsaether Niels , Berge Rolf K. , Male Rune 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe chemically unrelated hypolipidemic drugs, tiadenol, niadenate, and clofibrate4 have been tested for carcinogenic and tumor‐promoting potential in the C3H/10T1/2 C18 cell test system. None of these chemicals were carcinogenic, while both niadenate and clofibrate were active tumor promoters at micromolar concentrations. All 3 drugs induced the differentiation of C3H/10T1/2 C18 cells to adipocytes. This latter finding confirms previously observed effects of the tumor promoter TPA.