bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimum firm size in Vietnam: Does subcontracting matter?
Authors: Tran Thi Bich , Nguyen Duy Khoi 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThis study investigates the optimum size for manufacturing firms and the impact of subcontracting on firms' likelihood of achieving their optimal scale in Vietnam.Design/methodology/approachUsing data from the enterprise census in 2017 and 2021, the paper first estimates the production function to identify the optimum firm size for manufacturing firms and then applies the logit model to investigate factors associated with the optimal firm size.FindingsThe study reveals that medium-sized firms exhibit the highest level of productivity. Nevertheless, a consistent trend emerges, indicating that nearly 90% of manufacturing firms in Vietnam operated below their optimal scale in both 2017 and 2021. An analysis of the impact of subcontracting on firms' likelihood to achieve their optimal scale emphasizes its crucial role, especially for foreign firms, exerting an influence nearly five times greater than that of the judiciary system.Practical implicationsThe paper's findings offer crucial policy implications, suggesting that initiatives aimed at enhancing the overall productivity of the manufacturing sector should prioritise facilitating contract arrangements to encourage firms to reach their optimal size. These insights are also valuable for other countries with comparable firm size distributions.Originality/valueThis paper provides the first empirical evidence on the relationship between firm size and productivity as well as the role of subcontracting in firms' ability to reach their optimal scale in a country with a right-skewed distribution of firm sizes.
Role of leadership styles to foster innovative capabilities and green purchasing
Authors: Rasheed Rizwana , Rashid Aamir , Ngah Abdul Hafaz 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Due to the environmental concerns in our society, governments are moving towards green purchasing. However, public sector organizations have substantial internal problems. By using a theory of natural resource-based view, this study aimed to analyse the influence of leadership styles and innovation capabilities on green purchasing in the public sector organizations of a developing economy.

Design/methodology/approach
Data was collected from 199 purchasing professionals of public sector organizations, and hypotheses were tested through a quantitative method using partial least square-structural equation modelling with the help of SmartPLS version 4 to validate the measurement model.

Findings
This study identified that transformational leadership and delegation style of leadership have a significant and positive effect on innovation capability and green purchasing. Similarly, innovation capability mediates the relationship between leadership styles and green purchasing. However, transformational leadership found a more substantial effect on innovation capability and green purchasing than the delegation leadership style.

Research limitations/implications
Results provide insight into the role of leadership styles in green purchasing and innovation capabilities in public sector organizations. Thus, addressing the important issues of how leadership styles and innovative capabilities (IC) can improve green culture, specifically green purchasing, to enhance ecological sustainability.

Originality/value
Results provide insight into the role of leadership styles in green purchasing and innovation capabilities in public sector organizations. Thus, it addresses how leadership styles and IC can improve green culture, specifically green purchasing, to enhance ecological sustainability.
Fostering civility and constructive debate in a polarized society: How leadership educators can leverage diverse perspectives
Authors: Noble Donnette , New II Jesse James 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThis paper highlights an assignment in a combination upper-division undergraduate and graduate civic leadership class at a Midwestern state comprehensive university. The three-part assignment challenges students’ critical thinking skills and research capabilities while simultaneously necessitating the exploration of contrasting viewpoints on contentious issues.Design/methodology/approachIntentionally exposing students to diverse perspectives in a controlled environment.FindingsWe posit that the severity and frequency of these issues can be mitigated through focused efforts.Originality/valueStudents are better prepared to engage in civil debate on controversial topics, which continuously divide our communities, after completing a class using this pedagogical strategy.
Going forward and beyond: on the track of a practice turn in supply chain sustainability studies
Authors: Lissillour Raphael , Silva Minelle E. 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Despite the growing interest in the field of supply chain sustainability (SCS), little exploration of new theories exists. Therefore, this paper aims to introduce practice theories to SCS studies through a practice turn.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a conceptual paper in nature. Hence, based on theoretical arguments, the authors elaborate on how the practice turn can arise in the SCS field.

Findings
The theoretical elaboration is rooted in the understanding that sustainability is not limited to the materiality of environmental and social issues, as often observed. Instead, there is a need to include immaterial, emotional and intangible elements to better comprehend SCS practice. The authors argue that a continuum exists for a practice turn, including practice-based view, practice-based studies and critical practice theory.

Research limitations/implications
The authors provide a research agenda with a comprehensive perspective of understanding the application and implications of practice theories to SCS.

Practical implications
The practice turn in SCS studies can support managers to better understand their practices not only through recognizing explicit activities but also mainly by reflecting on hidden elements that affect their performance.

Social implications
SCS studies can better engage with grand challenges through a practice turn, which helps increase its contribution to solving social problems.

Originality/value
Unlike previous literature, the paper elaborates on how practice theories are powerful in supporting both scholars and practitioners in moving away from an extremely economic focus to genuinely embrace sustainability practice. In doing so, the practice turn appears as an important phase for SCS field maturity.
Shopping destination brand equity and service quality
Authors: Xu Xing’an , Chen Fangting , Gursoy Dogan 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Mianzi can powerfully influence tourists’ behavior. Compared with product brands, destination brands are more multidimensional, consisting of intangible and tangible elements. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the relationships among the Chinese culture-related variable mianzi, destination product quality, destination service quality, destination brand value, destination brand resonance, destination brand self-congruity and destination overall brand equity.

Design/methodology/approach
A questionnaire survey was conducted in 2021, yielding 475 valid responses from tourists who had traveled to Hainan, China. Data was analyzed using structural equation modeling.

Findings
The results showed that mianzi plays a significant role in shopping destination brand equity, and the mianzi effect shapes tourists’ positive perceptions of destination product and service quality. Meanwhile, destination product quality and service quality enhance shopping destinations’ overall brand equity through destination brand value, brand resonance and brand self-congruity.

Originality/value
This study, focusing on shopping destinations, presents a novel view of brand equity. The research also uncovers influencing factors (e.g. product quality and service quality) that further enrich the destination brand equity model. Finally, findings offer valuable insights for academic research and the practical development of shopping destinations.
Forecasting nocturnal bird migration for dynamic aeroconservation: The value of short‐term datasets
Authors: Bradarić Maja , Kranstauber Bart , Bouten Willem , Shamoun‐Baranes Judy 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Placing wind turbines within large migration flyways, such as the North Sea basin, can contribute to the decline of vulnerable migratory bird populations by increasing mortality through collisions. Curtailment of wind turbines limited to short periods with intense migration can minimize these negative impacts, and near‐term bird migration forecasts can inform such decisions. Although near‐term forecasts are usually created with long‐term datasets, the pace of environmental alteration due to wind energy calls for the urgent development of conservation measures that rely on existing data, even when it does not have long temporal coverage.

Here, we use 5 years of tracking bird radar data collected off the western Dutch coast, weather and phenological variables to develop seasonal near‐term forecasts of low‐altitude nocturnal bird migration over the southern North Sea.

Overall, the models explained 71% of the variance and correctly predicted migration intensity above or below a threshold for intense hourly migration in more than 80% of hours in both seasons. However, the percentage of correctly predicted intense migration hours (top 5% of hours with the most intense migration) was low, likely due to the short‐term dataset and their rare occurrence. We, therefore, advise careful consideration of a curtailment threshold to achieve optimal results.

Synthesis and applications: Near‐term forecasts of migration fluxes evaluated against measurements can be used to define curtailment thresholds for offshore wind energy. We show that to minimize collision risk for 50% of migrants, if predicted correctly, curtailments should be applied during 18 h in spring and 26 in autumn in the focal year of model assessments, resulting in an estimated annual wind energy loss of 0.12%. Drawing from the Dutch curtailment framework, which pioneered the ‘international first’ offshore curtailment, we argue that using forecasts developed from limited temporal datasets alongside expert insight and data‐driven policies can expedite conservation efforts in a rapidly changing world. This approach is particularly valuable in light of increasing interannual variability in weather conditions.
Reproductive ecology of free‐ranging striped hyena Hyaena hyaena in central Israel
Authors: Hadad Ezra , Balaban Amir , Kosicki Jakub Z. , Yosef Reuven 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe striped hyena is one of the most secretive and enigmatic mammal species. Despite some success in describing their distribution and analyzing population trends, further understanding of the factors affecting reproductive success is needed. Therefore, we present the first analysis of the reproductive success of this species in the wild. We measured the reproductive success of female striped hyenas in at least one litter over 15 breeding seasons. We inspected 33 dens with 67 breeding events during this time and recorded 151 young hyenas. The dens were inhabited for an average of 2 years, with litter sizes ranging from 1 to 4 per reproductive female and most young born between January and June. We also found that litter size was positively associated with lowland areas and shrubs near the den. Despite methodological limitations that we could not overcome given the enigmatic nature of this species, our discovery is crucial because we have shown that reproductive success depends on the habitat in which dens are located, thus ensuring consistent reproductive success over the long‐term cycle.
From resource curse to green growth: Exploring the role of energy utilization and natural resource abundance in economic development
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Alam Md Shabbir , Jijian Zhang , Ozturk Ilhan , Wahab Salman , Doğan Mesut 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study delves into the profound repercussions of the resource curse hypothesis within the Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) nations from 1991 to 2022, examining the intricate interplay among natural resource abundance, energy consumption, and economic development (ED). Methodologically, it employs the cross‐sectionally augmented Dickey–Fuller test to assess stationarity and utilizes the Westerlund cointegration technique to analyze cointegration. Subsequently, the cross‐sectionally augmented autoregressive distributive lag model is deployed to explore the impact of natural resource availability, renewable and non‐renewable energy utilization, and carbon emissions on ED within these countries. The findings reveal a stark reality wherein both carbon emissions and non‐renewable energy consumption wield a consistently positive influence on short‐ and long‐term economic growth across the BRICS economies. Particularly striking is the dominant impact of non‐renewable energy consumption. However, this comes in stark contrast to the adverse effects identified with excessive resource and coal rents, signifying potential economic setbacks arising from rampant natural resource exploitation. Furthermore, the suboptimal utilization of renewable energy resources hints at a detrimental effect on ED. These results transcend the confines of developing nations, underscoring the universality of the resource curse hypothesis, affecting both developing and developed countries. The study illuminates the grave risks inherent in overreliance and overexploitation of natural resources, elucidating heightened competition that severely impedes the ED trajectory of the BRICS countries in both short and long terms. Policymakers must prioritize economic diversification, implement sustainable resource management, and invest in innovative technologies to mitigate the resource curse in BRICS nations, fostering resilience and sustainable economic growth. In conclusion, This study highlights the severe impact of the resource curse in BRICS nations, stressing the imperative for adept resource management to counter the risks linked with overdependence on non‐renewable resources and bolster sustainable economic growth.
The role of natural resources and press freedom in sustainable development
Authors: Khan Musa , Chao Wu , Khan Muhammad Atif , Khan Mohammed Arshad , Haider Ahsanuddin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFostering sustainable development (SD) through the utilization of available resources, including natural resources, is a common global aspiration. This study delves into the intricate relationship between natural resource abundance (NRA), SD, and the moderating role of press freedom in this paradigm. Utilizing a comprehensive dataset spanning 109 countries from 2001 to 2020, we employed fixed effect regression and two‐step dynamic system GMM estimators. Our findings show that NRA has a negative impact on SD, posing a significant threat to the SD. We identify each individual type of natural resource that negatively influences SD, underscoring the need for sustainable management practices for these resources. On the other hand, press freedom is found to have a positive effect on SD, playing an influential role in promoting SD. The moderating effect of press freedom further emphasizes its vital role as a safeguard, mitigating the detrimental effects of resource abundance on the SD. Our study has important policy implications, suggesting that by adopting sustainable resource management practices and upholding press freedom, policymakers can pave the way for a more sustainable and environmentally responsible future.
Review article: Patients who leave before care is completed: What does the legal duty to warn mean for emergency department clinicians?
Authors: Eburn Michael , Cockburn Tina , Kelly Anne‐Maree 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPatients leave ED for a variety of reasons and at all stages of care. In Australian law, clinicians and health services owe a duty of care to people presenting to the ED for care, even if they have not yet entered a treatment space. There is also a positive duty to warn patients of material risks associated with their condition, proposed treatment(s), reasonable alternative treatment options and the likely effect of their healthcare decisions, including refusing treatment. This extends to a decision to leave the ED before care is completed. The form of that warning may vary based on what is known about the patient's condition and the associated risks at the time. Specific documentation of warnings given is essential.
Fetal external features and morphology of the umbilical cord of wild boars
Authors: Pinheiro Juliana Normando , dos Santos Ferraz Rosa Helena , Ribeiro Marlon , Motheo Tathiana Ferguson 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to describe the gestational and morphological aspects of the fetuses and their respective umbilical cords from two pregnant wild boars (Sus scrofa). Morphological descriptions were provided for 23 fetuses and the gestational ages were estimated through fetal characteristics and formula application. The specimens were fixed in 10% formalin for subsequent macroscopic and microscopic examination. Histological characterization was performed using haematoxylin–eosin (H&E), Masson's trichrome (MT) and Verhöeff's staining techniques. The wild boar fetuses exhibited an estimated gestational age of 55 days (in the larger uterus) and 45 days (in the smaller uterus). They displayed well‐developed features consistent with domestic pig fetuses, except for the presence of five pairs of mammae. Additionally, the umbilical cord consisted of two arteries, one vein, an allantoic duct, and a vitelline duct (the latter two identified only microscopically), located in the juxtafetal, intermediate and juxtaplacental portions. The arteries and veins were comprised of endothelium, smooth muscle and collagen fibres, with no elastic fibres observed in the vessel walls. The allantoic duct was lined with simple cuboidal epithelium, while the vitelline duct featured a simple squamous epithelium. In conclusion, the morphological characteristics observed in the examined structures align with the expected patterns for species of the Suidae family. Furthermore, these findings contribute substantially to the morphological characterization of the wild boar, yielding valuable insights into the fetal morphology and the structure of the umbilical cord.
Accuracy of template‐based guided dental implant placement—An in vitro comparison of different manufacturing methods
Authors: Sium‐Abel Aura , Keilig Ludger , Dörsam Istabrak , Bourauel Christoph 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study investigates effects of surgical guide manufacturing process on 3D transfer accuracy of planned dental implant position, using three production methods: additive 3D‐printed (3DF), subtractive milled (MF), and analog laboratory fabricated templates (LF).Material and MethodsImplant position for a single‐tooth gap (#26) planned digitally. 3DF and MF templates were designed digitally, while LF templates were analogously created. For each manufacturing type, 10 surgical guides were fabricated. Each guide was used for template‐guided implant placement in model replicas. For evaluation of implant placement, cone beam computed tomography scans of all implanted models were superimposed, and implant positions were determined. Deviations at implant shoulder/apex were measured, and median and inter‐quartile range (IQR) were determined for mesio‐distal, oro‐facial, coronal apico, 3D spaces, and angles.ResultsAt implant shoulder, vertical components dominated position deviations (up to 1.04 mm, IQR 0.28 mm for 3DF). Horizontal deviations were much lower (mesio‐distally up to 0.38 mm, IQR 0.36 mm (LF)). Implant apex shows similar vertical deviations, while horizontal deviations clearly increased compared to shoulder, especially in mesio‐distal direction. Median angular deviations were between 2.1° (IQR 2.0 mm, max. 4.2°) for 3DF and 3.3° (IQR 1.9 mm, max. 5.3°) for MF. No statistical differences were found between manufacturing types (Kruskal–Wallis test, p = .05).ConclusionsThe study showed the method of implant guide fabrication did not affect the accuracy of implant placement within the limits of an in vitro environment. All methods resulted in implant placement which did not exceed the accepted safety deviation envelope (1.5–2.0 mm).
Revisiting the beyond BMI paradigm in excess weight diagnosis and management: A call to action
Authors: Aguas‐Ayesa Maite , Yárnoz‐Esquiroz Patricia , Perdomo Carolina M. , Olazarán Laura , Vegas‐Aguilar Isabel M. , García‐Almeida José Manuel , Gómez‐Ambrosi Javier , Frühbeck Gema 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAdolphe Quételet, a 19th‐century Belgian sociologist and statistician, pioneered the incorporation of statistics into social sciences. He initiated the development of anthropometry since he was interested in identifying the proportions of the ‘ideal man’. He devised a ratio between weight and height, originally termed the Quételet Index, and today widely known and used as the body mass index or BMI. In 1835, he demonstrated that a normal curve accommodates the distribution of human traits articulating his reasoning on human variance around the average. Quételet's long‐lasting legacy of the establishment of a simple measure to classify people's weight relative to an ideal for their height endures today with minor variations having dramatically influenced public health agendas. While being very useful, the limitations of the BMI are well known. Thus, revisiting the beyond BMI paradigm is a necessity in the era of precision medicine with morphofunctional assessment representing the way forward via incorporation of body composition and functionality appraisal. While healthcare systems were originally designed to address acute illnesses, today's demands require a radical rethinking together with an original reappraisal of our diagnosis and treatment approaches from a multidimensional perspective. Embracing new methodologies is the way forward to advance the field, gain a closer look at the underlying pathophysiology of excess weight, keep the spotlight on improving diagnostic performance and demonstrate its clinical validity. In order to provide every patient with the most accurate diagnosis together with the most appropriate management, a high degree of standardization and personalization is needed.