bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Impact of Non‐Pharmaceutical Interventions on COVID‐19 in India: A Combined CCE and Quantile Regression Approach
Authors: Mishra Kaibalyapati 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper presents supposedly the first empirical evidence on the impact of non‐pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on deaths and infections due to COVID‐19 in India. I use the Oxford COVID‐19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT) database of daily government responses of stringency, containment, economic support, and overall government response from Jan 28, 2020, till December 31, 2022. I use CS‐ARDL to quantify the short‐ and long‐term associations and quantile regression to uncover the impact of NPIs across heterogeneous quantiles. The overall government support, which aggregates all three NPIs, demonstrates a significant adverse effect on fatalities. In the long‐term, a 10% increase in it reduces deaths by 1.94% and infections by 10.67%. Stringency and containment interventions are equally found to be effective. Economic support is significantly associated with a reduction in death rates—by 1.89% in the short term and 1.07% in the long term—and a 10.28% reduction in infection rates over the long term. In the short term, NPIs are not notably effective in reducing infections; however, their effectiveness improves over the long term. Quantile regression reveals a heterogeneous impact of NPIs on COVID‐19 outcomes across the distribution. NPIs show limited effectiveness at lower quantiles, but their impact becomes increasingly significant at higher quantiles, particularly for infections, where the effect size is notably larger. Results suggest bi‐directional causality, as higher cases lead to stricter interventions, subsequently lowering incidence rates. I establish that effective pandemic management requires a phased approach to NPIs, with region‐specific flexibility and timely economic support to enhance short‐ and long‐term outcomes. Evidence from India shows that NPIs are indispensable, especially when pharmaceutical options are limited, as they effectively control mortality and support public health resilience.
Student and Staff Experiences of African Languages in Higher Education
Authors: Gibson Hannah , Lück Jacqueline , Riedel Kristina , Namboodiripad Savithry 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter examines the responses to questions which were designed to better understand the prevalence of African language teaching in higher education. The chapter explores the experiences of students and instructors in relating to the teaching of African languages in higher education, as well as the other ways in which African languages are represented (or not) across university curricula. It examines the experiences, views and opinions of the respondents as these relate to their experiences of African languages in higher education. Broadly these experiences fall into three categories, positive experiences and reflections, negative or critical experiences, and comments that are linked to more wide-ranging ideas and considerations. Respondents were overwhelmingly positive about the idea of African languages being present in higher education, but have different experiences of the realities of this and the ways in which languages are taught, presented and supported across institutions.
Single compound data supplementation to enhance transferability of fermentation specific Raman spectroscopy models
Authors: Klaverdijk Maarten , Ottens Marcel , Klijn Marieke E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is a valuable analytical tool for real-time analyte quantification in fermentation processes. Quantification is performed with chemometric models that translate Raman spectra into concentration values, which are typically calibrated with process data from multiple comparable fermentations. However, process-specific models underperform for minor process variation(s) or different operation modes due to the integration of cross-correlations, resulting in low target analyte specificity. Thus, model transferability is poor and labor-intensive (re-)calibration of models is required for related processes. In this work, partial least-squares models for glucose, ethanol, and biomass were calibrated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae batch fermentation data and subsequently transferred to a fed-batch operation. To enhance model transferability without additional process runs, single compound data supplementation was performed. The supplemented models increased overall target analyte specificity and demonstrated sufficient prediction accuracy for the fed-batch process (root-mean-square errors of prediction (RMSEP) of 3.06 mM, 8.65 mM, and 0.99 g/L for glucose, ethanol, and biomass), while maintaining high prediction accuracy for the batch process (RMSEP of 1.71 mM, 4.20 mM, and 0.17 g/L for glucose, ethanol, and biomass). This work showcases that process data in combination with single compound spectra is a fast and efficient strategy to apply Raman spectroscopy for real-time process monitoring across related processes.
The Effect of Ultrasound Image Pre-Processing on Radiomics Feature Quality: A Study on Shoulder Ultrasound
Authors: Triantafyllou Matthaios , Vassalou Evangelia E. , Goulianou Alexia Maria , Tosounidis Theodoros H. , Marias Kostas , Karantanas Apostolos H. , Klontzas Michail E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Radiomics, the extraction of quantitative features from medical images, has shown great promise in enhancing diagnostic and prognostic models, particularly in CT and MRI. However, its application in ultrasound (US) imaging, especially in musculoskeletal (MSK) imaging, remains underexplored. The inherent variability of ultrasound, influenced by operator dependency and various imaging settings, presents significant challenges to the reproducibility of radiomic features. This study aims to identify whether commonly used image pre-processing methods can increase the reproducibility of radiomics features, increasing the quality of analysis. This is performed with shoulder calcific tendinopathy as a case study. Ultrasound images from 84 patients with rotator cuff calcifications were retrospectively analysed. Three pre-processing techniques—Histogram Equalization, Standard CLAHE, and Advanced CLAHE—were applied to adjust image quality. Manual segmentation of calcifications was performed, followed by the extraction of 849 radiomic features. The reproducibility of these features was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), comparing results across pre-processing methods within the dataset. The Advanced CLAHE pre-processing method consistently yielded the highest ICC values, indicating superior reproducibility of radiomic features compared to other methods. Wavelet-transformed features, particularly in the GLCM and GLRLM subgroups, demonstrated robust reproducibility across all pre-processing techniques. Shape features, however, continued to show lower reproducibility. Advanced CLAHE pre-processing significantly enhances the reproducibility of radiomic features in ultrasound imaging of calcifications. This study underscores the importance of pre-processing in achieving reliable radiomic analyses, particularly in operator-dependent imaging modalities like ultrasound.
Capturing Empire Through the Lens: Colonial Narratives and Power Structures in Henry Wellcome’s Expedition to Jebel Moya, Sudan
Authors: Vella Gregory Isabelle , Saward Angela , Adam Ahmed Hussein Abdelrahman 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper explores the relationship between archaeology, photography, and colonialism at the site of Jebel Moya (Site 100), Sudan. We consider technical aspects of the photographic archive, the role of photographers, the manipulation of images to convey specific narratives, and the dispersal and reclassification of the Jebel Moya materials across various institutions. When Site 100 was first excavated by Henry Wellcome (1911–1914), Sudan had a Condominium government, rendering the country a British colony in all but name. Our work acknowledges the racial legacies of colonial rule and as such it engages with the community whose past is under discussion, emphasizing how photography served as an agent of Western colonial authority. It re-situates Jebel Moya and related archives in the Sudanese context, providing an enriched understanding of the site’s history, the workers who excavated it, and the various colonial power dynamics involved. Additionally, our current fieldwork recognizes that as a discipline, archaeology is deeply rooted in European colonialism and as such we extend inquiry beyond sites and artifacts and focus on colonial practices and representational encounters, pronounced power imbalances, and imperial values rooted in white dominance and superiority. Consequently, this study contributes to the reframing of Sudanese history and a more inclusive understanding of the past.
Use of mortality tables by level of deprivation in the study of social inequalities in cancer survival
Authors: Wilson Sarah , Merville Ophelie , Dejardin Olivier , Gardy Josephine , Rollet Quentin , Jooste Valerie , Network Francim , Molinie Florence , Tron Laure , Launoy Guy 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Previous studies have reported lower net survival probabilities for socioeconomically deprived patients, using non-deprivation specific lifetables. Not accounting for the social gradient in background mortality could potentially overestimate the effect of deprivation on net survival. The aim of this study was to estimate the impact of taking into account the social gradient of expected mortality in the general population on the study of the social gradient of survival of people with cancer.

Methods
French cancer registry data was analyzed, with 190,902 incident cases of nineteen cancer sites between 2013 and 2015. Deprivation was measured using the European deprivation index (EDI). Net survival was estimated thanks to additive models with French lifetables stratified on deprivation level with the EDI, using the non-parametric Pohar-perme method and flexible excess hazard modelling with multidimensional penalized splines, firstly with non-specific lifetables then with the deprivation specific-lifetables.

Results
A significant effect of EDI on excess mortality hazard (EMH) remained when using the deprivation-specific lifetables for colorectal, lung cancer and melanoma in both sexes, and esophagus, bladder, head and neck and liver cancer for men, and breast, cervix and uterine cancer for women. The only site where the effect of EDI on EMH was no longer significant when using deprivation-specific lifetables was prostate cancer.

Conclusions
The use of deprivation-specific lifetables confirms the existence of a social gradient in cancer survival, indicating that these inequalities do not result from inequalities in background mortality. Development of such deprivation-specific lifetables for future years is crucial to understand mechanisms of social inequalities and work towards reducing the social burden.
Memory, identity, and technology: explicating functionalist positions in the hippocampal cognitive prosthesis
Authors: van der Weij Freek , Erden Yasemin J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Researchers in America are developing a hippocampal cognitive prosthesis. The technology aims to improve or even restore memory for people with Alzheimer’s disease through implanting electrodes into the brain. In this paper we discuss the ways that this technology could affect memory, with concomitant potential for impact on personal identity and related attributes like autonomy, agency, and authenticity. To do this we describe how developers of technologies like this adopt functionalist positions on minds and brains, whereby functionally equivalent technology can undertake functions previously executed by the brain without negative impact on mental states. Our position is that such accounts are too uncertain to adopt uncritically, and after examining some critiques of functionalism, we argue that material differences in function could affect the phenomenological experience of mental state generation, including memory. We conclude with proposals for researchers to consider so as to take into account some of these limitations.
Socio-demographic disparities in health-related quality of life in hypertensive patients in Bangladesh: a comprehensive survey analysis
Authors: Rahman Md. Mizanur , Sorkar Md. Nesar Uddin , Nakamura Ryota , Islam Md. Monirul , Alam Md. Ashraful , Azmat Syed Khurram , Sato Motohiro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Hypertension is a major health concern in Bangladesh. Assessing the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among hypertensive patients in Bangladesh can highlight the broad impacts of the condition on morbidity and mortality. Such insights are essential for developing targeted healthcare and prevention strategies to reduce complications, including heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 5,086 hypertensive patients aged between 18 and 80 were recruited from 75 pharmacies in Bangladesh. We assessed the participants’ health using the EQ-5D-5 L descriptive system and the EQ-VAS. Utility scores were calculated using the Indian EQ-5D-5 L value set. Regression models were employed to identify factors associated with overall HRQoL and individual health dimensions.

Results
Study participants were mean aged 52 years old, with average systolic and diastolic blood pressures of 140.79 mmHg and 85.98 mmHg, respectively. The average EQ-index and EQ-VAS score were 0.83 and 67.47, respectively. 39% reported difficulties with self-care, 43.5% had mobility problems, 80.6% had pain, and 61.2% had anxiety. HRQoL scores decreased significantly with age, according to the multilevel model. Higher education levels, however, were associated with better HRQoL scores. Male respondents reported fewer problems with mobility, self-care, activity, pain, and anxiety. A decrease in HRQoL scores was observed among older individuals, those without formal education, those in lower quintiles, those unemployed, and those with poor blood pressure control, obesity, or fasting glucose.

Conclusion
Study findings indicate disparities in HRQoL based on age, gender, education, and socioeconomic status, highlighting the need for targeted policy interventions.
A consensus-constrained parsimonious Gaussian mixture model for clustering hyperspectral images
Authors: Babu Ganesh , Gowen Aoife , Fop Michael , Gormley Isobel Claire 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The use of hyperspectral imaging to investigate food samples has grown due to the improved performance and lower cost of instrumentation. Food engineers use hyperspectral images to classify the type and quality of a food sample, typically using classification methods. In order to train these methods, every pixel in each training image needs to be labelled. Typically, computationally cheap threshold-based approaches are used to label the pixels, and classification methods are trained based on those labels. However, threshold-based approaches are subjective and cannot be generalized across hyperspectral images taken in different conditions and of different foods. Here a consensus-constrained parsimonious Gaussian mixture model (ccPGMM) is proposed to label pixels in hyperspectral images using a model-based clustering approach. The ccPGMM utilizes information that is available on some pixels and specifies constraints on those pixels belonging to the same or different clusters while clustering the rest of the pixels in the image. A latent variable model is used to represent the high-dimensional data in terms of a small number of underlying latent factors. To ensure computational feasibility, a consensus clustering approach is employed, where the data are divided into multiple randomly selected subsets of variables and constrained clustering is applied to each data subset; the clustering results are then consolidated across all data subsets to provide a consensus clustering solution. The ccPGMM approach is applied to simulated datasets and real hyperspectral images of three types of puffed cereal, corn, rice, and wheat. Improved clustering performance and computational efficiency are demonstrated when compared to other current state-of-the-art approaches.
Atmospheric Plasma Sprayed YSZ Coatings for Soilless Cultivation
Authors: Biswal Pratidhwani , Hauer Michél , Möhrke Lukas , Gericke Andreas , Rasche Stefan , Schinkel Helga , Henkel Knuth-Michael 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this work, thermally sprayed coatings with sustainable spray additives are developed to allow the growth of drought-tolerant plants like moss, microclover and Chamomile. The specified spray additives are intended to imitate the powders obtained from recycled solid oxide fuel cells and dry alkaline batteries. These plants anchor to the coating with their rhizoids and shallow roots and hence can be grown without the presence of soil. The coatings are aimed to be sprayed using sustainable powders rich in growth-supporting nutrients as well as protect the substrate against biodeterioration due to vegetation. Preliminary tests of a thermally sprayed yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) ceramic coating on sheet metal confirm the growth of Chamomile plant in the absence of soil. The success of this experiment is considered as a proof of concept for the future investigations using the recycled sustainable powders. The goal of this research work is to produce sustainable thermally sprayed coatings using recyclable powders as spray additives. This research work is focused on betterment of the environment with efficient urban greening as well as efficient usage of toxic wastes.
Rapid Determination of Insect Lipids and Their Fatty Acid Profile in Dough Using Handheld and Portable Infrared Spectrometers
Authors: Mendez-Sanchez Carmen , Ranasinghe Madushika K. , Güell Carme , Ferrando Montserrat , Rodriguez-Saona Luis , de Lamo Castellvi Silvia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate infrared (IR) spectroscopy in combination with pattern recognition analysis as a rapid technique to quantify the percentage of insect lipid added into the chickpea-based dough as well as the dough’s fatty acid profile. Several chickpea-based doughs were prepared with a variable amount of Tenebrio molitor, Alphitobius diaperinus, and Acheta domesticus lipid fraction (0, 2.9%, 5.8%, 8.7%, and 11.6%) replacing the same amount of olive and sunflower oil. The raw dough was analyzed using portable Fourier transform mid-infrared (FT-MIR) and handheld FT near (FT-NIR) spectrometers. The fatty acid profile was determined by using fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) methods. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) with cross-validation (leave-one-out) was used to build up a model to predict the percentage of insect lipid added showing a low standard error of cross-validation (SECV ≤ 0.71%), strong correlation (R
CV ≥ 0.85), and great predictive ability (RPD, 5.21–5.53) with the external validation set. The saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids as well as the content of palmitic, oleic, and linoleic were correctly predicted with values of SECV ≤ 5.64% and an R
CV ≥ 0.88. Nonetheless, the FT-MIR device tested showed higher performance to predict SFA, MUFA, PUFA, and fatty acids reaching values of 0.97 in coefficient of correlation (R
P) and 2.81% in standard error in prediction (SEP).
The c-Projective Symmetry Algebras of Kähler Surfaces
Authors: Manno G. , Schumm J. , Vollmer A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Let M be a Kähler manifold with complex structure J and Kähler metric g. A c-projective vector field is a vector field on M whose flow sends J-planar curves to J-planar curves, where J-planar curves are analogs of what (unparametrised) geodesics are for pseudo-Riemannian manifolds (without complex structure). The c-projective symmetry algebras of Kähler surfaces with essential (i.e., non-affine) c-projective vector fields are computed.
The Steklov Spectrum of Convex Polygonal Domains I: Spectral Finiteness
Authors: Dryden Emily B. , Gordon Carolyn , Moreno Javier , Rowlett Julie , Villegas-Blas Carlos 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We explore the Steklov eigenvalue problem on convex polygons, focusing mainly on the inverse Steklov problem. Our primary finding reveals that, for almost all convex polygonal domains, there exist at most finitely many non-congruent domains with the same Steklov spectrum. Moreover, we obtain explicit upper bounds for the maximum number of mutually Steklov isospectral non-congruent polygonal domains. Along the way, we obtain isoperimetric bounds for the Steklov eigenvalues of a convex polygon in terms of the minimal interior angle of the polygon.
Synthesis of MnS thin film: investigation of thickness-dependent physical properties
Authors: Çayir Taşdemirci Tuba 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Herein, manganese sulfide (MnS) thin films are grown on glass substrates using the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. SILAR is simple and inexpensive, does not require a high-quality substrate or vacuum environment, has no limitation on the size of the substrate material, has the ability to obtain materials at room temperature, shows easier doping process relative to other methods, and has the ability to control the growth rate and thickness of films. MnS with different thicknesses is coated on a glass surface, and various analyses are performed to examine the effect of the thickness on the film properties. Ultraviolet–visible analysis is used to examine the optical properties of the film, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrometry to examine its structural properties, and scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to examine its morphological properties. XRD results indicate that the obtained MnS thin films have a cubic structure and achieve the highest peak intensity at 2θ = 32.87°. With increasing film thickness, the grain size increases from 9.20 to 13.36 nm and the energy band gap decreases from 3.32 to 3.02 eV. AFM results demonstrate that with increasing film thickness, the surface roughness value decreases from 84 to 53 nm. Moreover, increasing thickness improves the optical, structural, and morphological properties of the film.
Application of Metabolomics in Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention by Dietary Phytochemicals
Authors: Peter Rebecca Mary , Su Xiaoyang , Kong Ah-Ng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
In this review article, specific emphasis is on evolution of metabolomics in cancer research, metabolomics workflow, general understanding of liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based platform for quantitation of metabolites, their biological interpretation and the application in carcinogenesis and cancer prevention by dietary phytochemicals.

Recent Findings
Metabolomics is increasingly becoming a preferred approach for next generation metabolic screening and has profound impact on medical practice. Metabolomics describes the end products of biochemical processes which are greatly influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Metabolic alterations can be linked to potential biochemical reactions/enzymes and their corresponding genes. Thus, these results can be further validated via multi-omics approach including genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics. However, challenges exist within and between omic-domain data integration considering complex biochemical regulation including organism versus tissue versus cellular level processes, epigenetics, transcriptional and post translational modifications. Metabolomics can reflect the steady state or dynamic state of metabolism because metabolites are highly dynamic in space and time.

Summary
Metabolomic analysis of biological samples exhibit the possibility to determine mechanism of action of anti-cancer agents, biomarker discovery and impact of genetic alterations.