bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity among community-dwelling Peruvian adults: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Flores-Flores Oscar , Zevallos-Morales Alejandro , Pollard Suzanne L. , Checkley William , Siddharthan Trishul , Hurst John R. , Bernabé-Ortiz Antonio , Runzer-Colmenares Fernando M. , Witham Miles D. , Parodi Jose F. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction
Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity (SO) have emerged as significant contributors to negative health outcomes in the past decade. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of probable sarcopenia, sarcopenia, and SO in a community-dwelling population of 1151 adults aged ≥55 years in Lima, Peru.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted between 2018 and 2020. Sarcopenia was defined as the presence of low muscle strength (LMS) and low muscle mass (LMM) according to European (EWGSOP2), US (FNIH) and Asian (AWGS2) guidelines. We measured muscle strength by maximum handgrip strength and muscle mass using bioelectrical impedance analyzer. SO was defined as a body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2 and sarcopenia.

Results
The study participants had a mean age of 66.2 years (SD 7.1), age range between 60 to 92 years old, of which 621 (53.9%) were men. Among the sample, 41.7% were classified as obese (BMI ≥30.0 kg/m²). The prevalence of probable sarcopenia was estimated to be 22.7% (95%CI: 20.3–25.1) using the EWGSOP2 criteria and 27.8% (95%CI: 25.2–30.4) using the AWGS2 criteria. Sarcopenia prevalence, assessed using skeletal muscle index (SMI), was 5.7% (95%CI: 4.4–7.1) according to EWGSOP2 and 8.3% (95%CI: 6.7–9.9) using AWGS2 criteria. The prevalence of sarcopenia based on the FNIH criteria was 18.1% (95%CI: 15.8–20.3). The prevalence of SO, considering different sarcopenia definitions, ranged from 0.8% (95%CI: 0.3–1.3) to 5.0% (95%CI: 3.8–6.3).

Conclusion
Our findings reveal substantial variation in the prevalence of sarcopenia and SO, underscoring the necessity for context-specific cut-off values. Although the prevalence of SO was relatively low, this result may be underestimated. Furthermore, the consistently high proportion of probable sarcopenia and sarcopenia point to a substantial public health burden.
Suicidal ideation, attempt and associated factors among prisoners in Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Fentahun Setegn , Wondie Mesele , Melkam Mamaru , Tadesse Gebresilassie , Tesfaw Getachew 
Published: April 2024

Background
Suicide is a prominent source of harm and death globally, and it is the leading cause of premature death among prisoners. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with suicidal ideation and attempt among prisoners in Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
An institution-based cross-sectional study design was performed from May 23 to June 22, 2022. After proportional allocation to the three correctional institutions, a total of 788 study participants were randomly recruited. The World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to evaluate suicide ideation and attempt. To determine factors associated with suicidal ideation and attempt, multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. At a 95% confidence interval (CI) of P-value <0.05, statistical significance was declared.

Results
The prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt among prisoners was 23.6% and 10.7%, with 95% CI (20.76, 26.70) and (8.68, 13.02), respectively. Female sex (AOR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.12, 5.05), family history of mental illness (AOR = 3.09, 95% CI: 1.93, 4.88), depression (AOR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.43, 2.98), poor social support (AOR = 2.76, 95% CI: 1.56, 4.85) and previous incarceration (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.18, 2.86) were significantly associated with suicidal ideation. However, being single (AOR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.47, 4.54), family history of suicide (AOR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.18, 5.01), depression (AOR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.59, 4.31) and previous imprisonments (AOR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.20, 3.69) were associated with suicidal attempt.

Conclusions
The prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt among prisoners were found to be high. Therefore, the findings of this study recommend that early detection and design of prison mental health services should be delivered to develop mental health care, prevention, and intervention programs for incarcerated people to improve suicidal behavior in prison.
Risk relationship between inflammatory bowel disease and urolithiasis: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Fu Wenqiang , Zhu Bin , Chen Jun , Jin Xuelin 
Published: April 2024

Background
The causal genetic relationship between common parenteral manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and urolithiasis remains unclear because their timing is difficult to determine. This study investigated the causal genetic association between IBD and urolithiasis using Mendelian randomization (MR) based on data from large population-based genome-wide association studies (GWASs).

Methods
A two-sample MR analysis was performed to assess the potential relationship between IBD and urolithiasis. Specific single nucleotide polymorphism data were obtained from GWASs, including IBD (n = 59957) and its main subtypes, Crohn’s disease (CD) (n = 40266) and ulcerative colitis (UC) (n = 45975). Summarized data on urolithiasis (n = 218792) were obtained from different GWAS studies. A random-effects model was analyzed using inverse-variance weighting, MR-Egger, and weighted medians.

Results
Genetic predisposition to IBD and the risk of urolithiasis were significantly associated [odds ratio (OR), 1.04 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00–.08), P = 0.01]. Consistently, the weighted median method yielded similar results [OR, 1.06 (95% CI, 1.00–1.12), P = 0.02]. The MR-Egger method also demonstrated comparable findings [OR, 1.02 (95% CI, 0.96–1.08), P = 0.45]. Both funnel plots and MR-Egger intercepts indicated no directional pleiotropic effects between IBD and urolithiasis. CD was strongly associated with it in its subtype analysis [OR, 1.04 (95% CI, 1.01–1.07), P = 0.01], and UC was also causally associated with urolithiasis, although the association was not significant [OR, 0.99 (95% CI, 0.95–1.03), P = 0.71].

Conclusion
A unidirectional positive causal correlation was identified between IBD and urolithiasis, with varying degrees of association observed among the different subtypes of IBD. Recognizing the increased incidence of urolithiasis in patients with IBD is crucial in clinical practice. Early detection and surveillance of IBD, improved patient awareness, adoption of preventive strategies, and promotion of collaborative efforts among healthcare providers regarding treatment methodologies are vital for improving patient outcomes.
Entrepreneurial Passion: A Key Driver of Social Innovations for Tourism Firms
Authors: Dias Álvaro , Hallak Rob , Patuleia Mafalda 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Small and medium tourism enterprises (SMTEs) play a vital role in the sustainability and innovation of tourism destinations. Although their role in the sustainability of destinations has received much attention, research focusing on the antecedents of their social innovation practices remains limited. Drawing on theories on entrepreneurship and social innovation, this study contributes to the body knowledge through an empirical analysis of the factors that drive the social innovations of tourism entrepreneurs. For this purpose, a mixed method approach is conducted which includes an e-survey of tourism entrepreneurs (analysed using PLS-SEM, NCA and IPMA) followed by in-depth interviews to gain additional insights. The results showed that 68 % of the SMTEs pursue social development objectives, and 44 % seek opportunities to improve the social conditions of the community in which the firm operates. The results also reveal that entrepreneurial self-efficacy, community attachment and entrepreneurial passion positively influence social innovations, however, entrepreneurial passion is a ‘necessary condition’ for achieving social innovation outcomes. Research also found that ‘opportunity perception’ has an indirect effect on social innovations that is mediated by entrepreneurial self-efficacy. The results provide important insights for the development of social innovation in the context of tourism entrepreneurs, with practical implications for local governments and destination authorities in supporting entrepreneurship and sustainability.
Study on flame retardant properties and thermal stability of synergistically modified polyurethane foam with ammonium polyphosphate and barium phytate
Authors: Ding Gaojie , Sun Simiao , Ding Shou , Zhang Xu , Xie Hua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Barium phytate (Pa–Ba) was prepared by phytic acid and barium carbonate, and then the flame-retardant modified polyurethane foam (PUF) was synergized with Pa–Ba and ammonium polyphosphate (APP). The flame retardant properties and thermal stability of the modified PUFs were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, cone calorimetry (CONE) and smoke density (Ds). The results showed the modified PUF with the addition of 5 % Pa–Ba and 10 % APP (PUF-A10-PB5) had the highest integral programmed decomposition temperature and the activation energy, indicating that its thermal stability was better compared with other samples. In addition, PUF-A10-PB5 had the lowest total heat release under different radiation intensities, and it had the smallest Ds and the highest light transmittance under the flame and flameless condition. The current results indicated that PUF-A10-PB5 had better flame-retardant properties and thermal stability, which can provide a useful reference for future experimental studies on the flame retardant properties of phytate-modified PUF.
The role of awareness in implicit and explicit knowledge
Authors: Kachinske Ilina , DeKeyser Robert 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the initial incidental acquisition of two L2 morphosyntactic rules and their immediate usage in production. Using a miniature artificial language paradigm, multiple exposure sessions, realistic exposure, non-salient linguistic features, as well as multiple outcome measures, we demonstrate that adult learners can learn animacy with low levels of awareness, but not case. Forty adult native speakers of English participated in the experiment. Participants were exposed to audio sentences in the artificial language paired with pictures on the computer screen for three sessions. Knowledge of animacy and case was measured with production and grammaticality judgment tests. Results demonstrated that concrete, contiguous and easily trackable L2 properties that lend themselves to distributional learning, such as animacy marking, can benefit from incidental exposure. However, more abstract L2 properties, like the morphological paradigm of case, seem not to be learnable by incidental means, and opportunities for explicit learning must be provided.
Advancing language teacher emotion research: a nuanced, dialectical, and empowering stance
Authors: Yuan Rui Eric 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This commentary presents a nuanced, dialectical, and empowering perspective on research pertaining to language teacher emotions, drawing upon empirical research papers featured in this special issue, as well as other relevant literature in the field of language teacher education. Recognizing the embodied, dynamic, and potentially contested nature of teacher emotional labor, the paper emphasizes the importance of presenting a nuanced portrayal, adopting a dialectical approach, and embracing an empowering mindset when investigating language teacher emotions. It also highlights important directions for future research, advocating for a conceptual shift toward examining teacher emotional labor as a distributed practice with a participatory and transformative orientation. Furthermore, the significance of both “looking inward” to delve into specific types of emotions and their interactions as well as “looking outward” to explore how emotions relate to other crucial dimensions of language teachers’ professional practices such as identity, mindfulness, and resilience, is emphasized.
Rapid screening technique for gross α and gross β estimations in aqueous samples during radiation emergency
Authors: Deogaonkar-Bhade Sonali Paresh , Sankhla Rajesh , Sawant Pramilla D. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A portable liquid scintillation counting system has been used as a rapid screening tool for radiological characterization and in situ measurements of aqueous samples. The methodology was standardized based on the Pulse Length Index for gross α and gross β activity determinations in aqueous solutions by means of a portable Liquid Scintillation Counter (LSC). This single compact PMT system yielded precise results for aqueous test samples, which were validated against a conventional HIDEX 300SL LSC system. The sensitivity of the portable LSC for gross measurements was investigated thoroughly for various combinations of scintillation cocktails and sample proportions, and found to be well below the Operational Intervention Levels (OILs) recommended by Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) during radiation emergency scenarios. Gross α- and β-activity measurements by means of the portable LSC system have shown this procedure to be effective for preliminary screening and evaluating the total radioactivity in aqueous samples during such radiation emergencies.
Cultivo de fresa (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) en sistemas hidropónicos con mezclas de sustratos
Authors: Cerero Cruz Luis , Velasco Velasco Vicente Arturo , Sandoval Villa Manuel , Ruiz Luna Judith , Enríquez del Valle José Raymundo 
Published: April 2024

El cultivo de fresa puede establecerse en campo abierto o bajo condiciones controladas, mediante invernaderos, macrotúneles y sistemas hidropónicos. Estos últimos permiten obtener productos de mejor calidad y aumentar la eficiencia del uso de agua y fertilizantes. Existen diversos diseños de sistemas hidropónicos y sustratos en los que se han evaluado cultivos hortícolas para hacer eficiente el uso del espacio con resultados limitados para algunos sistemas. El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar variables agronómicas que influyen en el crecimiento de plantas de fresa (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) variedad Albión, en tres 3 sistemas hidropónicos con 4 mezclas de sustratos en invernadero. Se estableció un diseño experimental completamente aleatorio con arreglo factorial 3 x 4, esto es, 3 sistemas hidropónicos (piramidal, vertical y horizontal) y 4 mezclas de sustratos (fibra de coco+turba+perlita; fibra de coco; fibra de coco+perlita; y olote). Igualmente, se aplicó solución nutritiva de Steiner al 100 % en sistema cerrado. En el sistema horizontal, la biomasa (16.71 g), la altura de planta (20.04 cm), el diámetro de corona (21.40 mm), el número de hojas (17.72) y de coronas (4.51), el volumen de raíz (14.05 ml) y el área foliar (603.09 cm2) mostraron significativamente (Duncan, p ≤ 0.05) mayores valores respecto a los sistemas vertical y piramidal. La mezcla fibra de coco + turba + perlita mostró considerablemente el valor más alto de las variables evaluadas. Las plantas de fresa expresaron su mayor crecimiento y desarrollo vegetativo en el sistema hidropónico horizontal con la mezcla de fibra de coco+turba+perlita.
Alfabetización histórica y enfoque didáctico narrativo con un sentido Crítico
Authors: Rodríguez Morales Jorge Andrés 
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this article is to outline the importance of a historical literacy with a narrative approach provided with a critical sense. It begins by characterizing conceptual aspects of school literacy and disciplinary literacy; In the same way, the treatment of historical literacy in the school domain is characterized, especially with regard to the didactic use of narrative writing. It continues to highlight the relevance of applying the narrative approach to address expressions of the historiographical genre that claim the narrated lifeof the subjects; and it is justified that The New Studies of Literacy and critical literacy, in addition to providing didactic tools in this sense, these can favor the mobilization of interests for social transformation from the knowledge of history and community literacy practices.
Linguistic profiling of text genres: adventure stories vs. textbooks
Authors:   Text Analytics Laboratory, Kazan Federal University, Solnyshkina Marina I. , Kupriyanov Roman V. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University, Shoeva Gulnoza N. ,   Text Analytics Laboratory, Kazan Federal University
Published: April 2024

In this article we test the hypothesis that genre-inherent quantitative linguistic parameters can be reduced to a list of few provided with strictly defined ranges of value. The current research as part of a large project is aimed at contrastive analysis of textbooks on History and Social Studies, and adventure stories. Using RuLingva[1], we identified 18 genre variables, computed their frequencies and employed the Kruskal-Wallis H Test to evaluate the differences significance. The results suggest that the list of the most indicative parameters include sentence length, noun genitive case, future tense, ratio of verbs to nouns, provisionally called ‘narrativity’, and frequency. All the identified parameters have statistically significant differences and three of them (sentence length, genitive noun, and “narrativity”) are implemented in non-overlapping “genre-inherent” ranges of values attributed to (a) History and Social studies textbooks and (b) adventure stories. With the view that the target audience of adventure stories are not expected to demonstrate high levels of professional training but logical skills, we argue that the relatively stable readability of adventure stories, i.e. FKGL = 8-9, can also be attributed to the genre-inherent characteristics. Our results certify that incorporating text complexity indices improve the classification performance of genre quantitative analysis. We also offer our views on linguistic and statistical aspects of the proposed approach for future studies. Further research is needed to see how the same parameters are exploited in texts of other genres and subject domains.
Wordiness in academic writing: a systematic scoping review
Authors:   MGIMO University, Tikhonova Elena V. , Mezentseva Daria A. ,   Russian Biotechnological University
Published: April 2024

Background: Excessive use of empty words in academic texts is a significant impediment to effective communication, often complicating the clarity and reducing the comprehensibility of scholarly writing. Purpose: This systematic scoping review investigates the nature, causes, and consequences of excessive use of empty words, alongside strategies for mitigating this issue in academic writing, differentiating between the nuanced connotations of ‘verbosity’ and ‘wordiness’. Methods: Employing a detailed search strategy, the review engaged two electronic databases – Scopus and Google Scholar, initially identifying 256 studies. Employing the PRISMA-ScR protocol and the ‘PCC’ mnemonic (Population, Context, Concept) for inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 English-language studies directly addressing the excessive use of empty words and strategies for reduction were included. Results: The synthesis of the selected research revealed that while the excessive use of empty words is widely recognized as a challenge for authors and academics, the problem remains underexplored. The analysis clarified the distinction between ‘verbosity’ and ‘wordiness’– terms often used interchangeably but with distinct implications for academic writing. Key factors contributing to this issue include complex sentence structures, unnecessary nominalizations, and the use of redundant phrases or overly complex vocabulary. Effective strategies for reducing excessive wordiness involve simplifying sentence constructions, employing more direct language, eliminating redundancy, and strategically using verbosity for positive rhetorical effects. Conclusion: The review emphasises the importance of awareness and strategic management of empty word usage in academic texts to enhance readability and engagement. By adopting a critical approach to the elimination of unnecessary verbiage, authors can significantly improve the quality of academic writing.
Socialna sestava uporabnikov mestnega avtobusnega prometa v Mariboru
Authors: Drozg Vladimir 
Published: April 2024

V prispevku je prikazana socialna sestava potnikov na mestnem avtobusnem prometu v Mariboru. Podatki so zbrani z opazovanjem (27.078 oseb) ter anketiranjem 532 potnikov, pri katerih smo povpraševali po starosti, izobrazbo, materialnem položaju, ekonomskem statusu ter nekaterih potovalnih navadah. Ugotovljeno je, da lahko večino uporabnikov avtobusnega prevoza razvrstimo v tri socialne skupine: upokojene ženske, dijaki in študentje ter zaposlene ženske in moški srednjih let z nižjimi in srednjimi prejemki in srednješolsko izobrazbo (pripadniki srednjega sloja).
Izredni profesor dr. Božidar Kert – pregled profesionalne poti ob njegovi devetdesetletnici
Authors: Kolnik Karmen , Konečink Kotnik Eva 
Published: April 2024

V članku je podan analitični pregled štirih področij profesionalnega dela dr. Božidarja Kerta ob njegovi 90.letnici. Na osnovi njegovih bibliografskih enot, zapisov štirih dolgoletnih sodelavcev ter s pol strukturiranim intervjujem jubilanta, smo v kombinaciji z analizo obstoječih objavljenih in tudi njegovih osebnih, neobjavljenih gradiv predstavili področja izobraževanja, kariere, raziskovanja in pedagoškega dela enega izmed utemeljiteljev mariborskega geografskega oddelka.
A Life Histories Approach to Gold Prospecting and Frontier Farming in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Hoefle Scott William 
Published: April 2024

In contrast to the usual faceless macro-economic and sociological treatment of development cycles in the Amazon, which at best offer generalities about ‘social actors’ labelled ‘peasants’, ‘ranchers’ and ‘trans-national corporations’, who represent the abstract categories of labour and globalised capital, a human face to frontier processes is offered here. The social and economic sustainability of the shifting back and forth from gold prospecting to family farming on the frontier is evaluated through the eyes of those who experienced it so producing an un-romanticised portrait of prospecting in western Pará during the gold rush of 1961-1990 as well as of frontier farming today. The economic origin and past quality of life of those who left local farms or came from the distant rural zones of impoverished Maranhão are compared and contrasted with that of their passage through the degrading living conditions of gold prospecting and finally with their current situation as struggling but independent frontier farmers in Itaituba and Santarém municipalities.
Cultural Landscape and Tourism on Historic Ranches of the Pantanal Wetlands of Brazil
Authors: Correia de Araújo Ana Paula , De S.M. Bicalh Ana Maria o 
Published: April 2024

The rise of eco-tourism and rural tourism as new complementary activities which add value to traditional stock-raising functions on historic ranches located in the Pantanal Wetlands of Central-West Brazil is analyzed. Differently from other rural enterprises of the booming Central-West, which produce the majority of Brazilian export commodities, the specific environmental conditions of seasonal wetlands and perennial swamp of the Pantanal restrict the viable options for gaining access to global markets. Consequently, after 1990 ranchers of the Pantanal have developed tourist activities based on the spectacular natural beauty of the wetlands as well as the distinct ranching culture. The ranches have modernized with amenities to attract domestic and foreign tourists and tourism has assumed an importance source of their income.