bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dna ploidy and cell‐cycle analysis: Tools for assessment of cancer prognosis
Authors: Aziz Douglas C. , Peter James B. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractDNA ploidy and cell cycle analysis as measured by flow cytometry (FC) and image analysis (IA) have moved out of the realm of the research laboratory to become valid clinical tests used in the assessment of prognosis of the cancer patient. Although much information on the relationship of DNA ploidy/ %S‐phase analysis to patient prognosis is available in the literature, the data are not presented in such a way as to be helpful in clinical decision making. Because predictive values and confidence intervals, which measure the likelihood that a given clinical test will rule in or rule out a clinical outcome, were not calculated in previous reviews, conclusions about the clinical utility of these analyses were not possible. Using the available raw data on DNA ploidy and %S‐phase analysis from previously published papers, predictive values and confidence limits were calculated for specific clinical presentations. In several such clinical situations (tumor type, stage, etc.), predictive value of greater than 90% was derived. We conclude that in these situations DNA ploidy and %S‐phase analysis can be used to predict clinical outcome, to design treatment, and to guide patient management. The evaluation of the clinical utility of these tests must ultimately rest on prospective trials which show that randomized arms respond to treatment regimens dependent upon the DNA ploidy and %S‐phase status.
An enzyme immunoassay screening test for the detection of total antinuclear antibodies
Authors: Moncé Napoleon M. , Cappel N. Niels , Bogusky Ronald T. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe enzyme immunoassay antinuclear antibody (EIA ANA) screening test method is a new assay format for the qualitative determination of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) in human serum or plasma. This assay method collectively detects ANAs against double stranded DNA (dsDNA), SS‐A/Ro, SS‐B/La, Scl‐70, Sm, and Sm/RNP antigens, along with serum positive for peripheral, homogeneous, speckled, nucleolar, and centromere patterns. This assay correlated well with data obtained with hemagglutination tests for specific ANA antigens, with the indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) ANA HEp‐2 test, and with the Crithidia luciliae IFA test for antidsDNA. This new test procedure is both highly specific and sensitive and substantially decreases the time involved when screening large numbers of patient samples.
An immunoenzymometric assay for a CA 125‐like antigen, CA602
Authors: Mochizuki Hiroshi , Sato Ichiro , Nagoya Kimiko , Furusako Shoji , Yamauchi Tadakazu , Masuko Hideyuki , Sato Hiroshi , Morishita Hideaki , Yajima Masazumi , Sasaki Hirosuke , Udagawa Yasuhiro , Nozawa Shiro 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAn immunoenzymometric assay (IEMA) for a new CA 125‐like antigen, CA602, was developed. Five monoclonal antibodies raised against a human ovarian carcinoma cell line could detect their respective antigens in the sera of ovarian carcinoma patients. The antigen levels detected in serum by the various antibodies correlated significantly to each other, and to CA 125 levels. The results of epitope analyses and combined IEMAs suggested that the epitopes recognized by these antibodies are not same, but exist on the same antigen which bears the CA 125 epitope. A sensitive IEMA was developed with 602‐1 and 602‐6 antibodies which showed high reactivity to the CA 125‐like antigen. The antigen defined by these two antibodies was designated as CA602, and serum CA602 levels correlated well with CA 125 levels. The CA602 antigen is a CA 125‐like antigen. Furthermore, the serum CA602 levels did not correlate to CA54/61 levels. The combined assays of CA602 and CA54/61 may increase the detection of ovarian carcinoma.
An improved method for monitoring efficacy of anti‐retroviral therapy in HIV‐infected individuals: A highly sensitive HIV p24 antigen assay
Authors: Reddy Mohan M. , Winger Edward E. , Hargrove David , McHugh Thomas , McKinley George F. , Grieco Michael H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractCirculating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) p24 antigen levels were measured by a highly sensitive HIV p24 antigen‐capture enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS‐related complex (ARC) otherwise negative for HIV p24 antigenmeasured by a commercial antigen‐capture ELISA. The assays were performed at baseline and at several intervals during treatment with either zidovudine (ZDV) or dideoxyinosine (ddl). To further enhance the rate of antigen detection, serum was pretreated with hydrochloric acid to denature antibody in immune complexes. Utilizing this assay system, we monitored these patients for drug efficacy. HIV p24 antigen levels obtained by using this sensitive assay decreased in 3 of 8 patients receiving ZDV during 8 weeks of ZDV treatment. Similarly, ddl administration was associated with a decrease of HIV p24 antigen levels in 3 of 5 patients. Thus, the use of the highly sensitive HIV p24 antigen assay permitted the monitoring of surrogate HIV p24 antigen as a measure of efficacy of anti‐retroviral therapy in all of these patients who were otherwise HIV p24 antigen‐negative at the onset of anti‐retroviral therapy. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Elevation of platelet‐associated IgG in aplastic anemia
Authors: Kawaguchi Ryuji , Haruna Shoji , Hikiji Kazumasa , Higashi Yasuko , Tsukada Yutaka 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe determined platelet‐associated IgG (PAIgG) levels in patients with aplastic anemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), iron deficiency anemia, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as well as in normal healthy adults as a control group. To determine PAIgG levels, we used a competitive micro enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, which had excellent reproducibility, recovery, and dilution. We confirmed its reliability by comparing it to the immunoradiometric assay. Both the aplastic anemia group (n = 27, mean ± SD = 218.6 ± 244.6ng/107 platelets) and the ITP group (n = 82, mean ± SD = 212.5 ± 327.8 ng/107 platelets) had higher PAIgG levels than the SLE group (n = 4, mean ± SD = 38.4 ± 22.4 ng/107 platelets), iron deficiency anemia group (n = 10, mean ± SD = 16.1 ± 3.6ng/107 platelets), and normal control group (n) = 69, mean ± SD = 16.1 ± 3.6ng/107 platelets. The higher platelet associated IgG levels in aplastic anemia suggest that autoimmune mechanisms are involved. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An enzyme immunoassay for determining plasma concentrations of didemnin B
Authors: Raybould T. J. G. , Grothaus P. G. , Simpson Samantha B. , Bignami G. S. , Lazo Carolyn B. , Newman R. A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractDidemnin A was conjugated at the amino terminus of the N‐methylleucine residue, via the linkers N‐succinimidyl‐3‐(2‐pyridyldithio)propionate and trans‐1,4‐maleimidomethylcyclohexane carboxylic acid, to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The didemnin‐KLH conjugates were used to hyperimmunize rabbits. The resulting high titer antisera were employed with didemnin‐BSA conjugate‐coated microtiter plate wells to develop an indirect competitive inhibition enzyme immunoassay (CIEIA) that was fully cross reactive with didemnin B. A CIEIA is described that is capable of detecting the drug in plasma from didemnin Btreated patients at concentrations down to 1‐3 ng/ml. This simple, sensitive CIEIA has been employed to demonstrate plasma drug clearance profiles with samples from didemnin B‐treated patients. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development of a rapid microparticle‐enhanced nephelometric immunoassay for serum myoglobin in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Cliquet F. , Montagne P. , Cuillière M. L. , Varcin P. , Duheille J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA microparticle‐enhanced nephelometric immunoassay was developed for myoglobin quantitation in human serum. It uses rabbit antimyoglobin serum and hydrophilic polyacrylic microparticles covalently coated with baboon myoglobin in a competitive immunoagglutination system. The level of microparticle agglutination is assessed with a specially designed nephelometer. This sensitive (45 ng/ml of myoglobin detected in serum) and accurate (coefficients of variation from 3.0% to 8.2% in precision study and linear recovery of myoglobin in overloaded sera) immunoassay was evaluated with human sera from patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction. Myoglobin levels in patient's serum on admission appeared to be correlated with clinical and biological parameters assessed in emergency wards and later. This new, rapid, and easy microparticle‐enhanced nephelometric immunoassay could thus be useful in emergency conditions for the early quantitation of serum myoglobin.
Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay to measure apolipoproteins Al and B secreted by a human hepatic carcinoma cell line (Hep G2)
Authors: Hahn Susan E. , Parkes Joel G. , Goldberg David M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe describe an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure apolipoproteins Al and B secreted by Hep G2 cells and in cell homogenates. These assays utilize commercially available polyclonal antibodies, affinity‐purified to improve their specificity, thereby achieving a dramatic increase in the sensitivity of the assay. These affinity‐purified antibodies were also more sensitive than a series of monoclonal antibodies tested. We achieved a sensitivity of 0.4 ng in the apo Al assay, and a sensitivity of 5 ng in the apo B assay. By these methods, we measured secretion rates by Hep G2 cells of 358 ± 41 ng/mg cell protein/hr for apo B and 137 ± 8 ng/mg cell protein/hr for apo Al. These assays also allowed the measurement of intracellular apolipoproteins and thus can be used to facilitate investigations of human lipoprotein metabolism in cell culture systems. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chromatographic characterization of CA 19‐9 molecules from cystic fibrosis and pancreatic carcinoma
Authors: Wu James T. , Chang Jukay 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe have compared the size, the binding to Concanavalin A (Con A), and the affinity for monoclonal antibody 1116NS‐199 (Mab 19‐9) among CA 19‐9 molecules from sera of cystic fibrosis (CF) and pancreatic carcinoma patients and from sputum extracts. CA 19‐9 molecules of two different sizes were found in all types of specimens by Sepharose 4B chromatography. While the smaller CA 19‐9 molecule was predominant in CF patient sera, the larger molecule was associated with most of the sera from patients with pancreatic carcinoma. The majority of the sputum extracts contained the larger CA 19‐9 molecule. All CA 19‐9 molecules studied by Con A chromatography did not appear to bind to Con A, and almost 100% were found in the nonreactive fraction. The CA 19‐9 molecules from sera of either CF or pancreatic carcinoma patients exhibited variable affinities for Mab 19‐9, some approaching that of the standard curve but many also having lower affinities. The lowest affinity was displayed by CA 19‐9 molecules from the sputum extract. It appears that development of more specific assays for CF and for carcinoma is possible if the correct CA 19‐9 molecule is selected for antibody preparation and for use as standards. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of serum amyloid A and C‐reactive protein as indicators of lung inflammation in corticosteroid treated and non‐corticosteroid treated cystic fibrosis patients
Authors: Smith James W. , Colombo John L. , McDonald Thomas L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSerum amyloid A (SAA) and C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels were compared in 830 serum samples from 155 cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Correlation coefficients were calculated for all samples (r=0.73), for samples from non‐corticosteroid treated (CFNS) patients (n=698, r=0.80), and for samples from corticosteroid treated (CFS) patients (n=132, r=0.35). SAA was the more sensitive indicator of pulmonary inflammation when SAA and CRP were compared to pulmonary function tests of 49 hospitalized patients at admission and discharge. CRP levels were significantly (p<.05) lower at admission in CFS patients than in CFNS patients, whereas SAA levels were not significantly different between the two groups. All nine CFS patients hospitalized had elevated SAA levels (average 22 times above normal limits) at admission, while only six had elevated CRP levels (average 3.7 times above normal limits) at admission. In the 40 CFNS patients both SAA and CRP levels were significantly elevated at admission. In each case SAA and CRP levels declined as pulmonary functions improved with effective antimicrobial therapy. In three instances SAA levels increased during hospitalization while CRP levels did not. In each case, rising SAA levels indicated clinical deterioration associated with evolving resistance of P. aeruginosa which required a change in antibiotic therapy. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Monoclonal antibodies to beta subunit of choriogonadotropin: Development and use in a sandwich ELISA pregnancy test
Authors: Gariglio Rosana , Toplikar Emilena , Carlomagno Amadeo , Rojkin Federico , Knecher Leonardo , Capriotti Gustavo , Lorenzo Luis 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBalb/c mice were immunized with beta subunit isolated and purified from crude human chorionic gonadotropin preparations. Spleen cells from the higher titered mouse were fused with Sp 2/0 myeloma cells.Four specific secreting hybridomas were obtained. Specificity, affinity, and suitability of secreted antibodies for use in enzyme immunoassays were studied. Ascites of the selected hybridoma was raised; the antibody was purified by protein A‐affinity chromatography and coupled to horseradish peroxidase.This conjugate was employed in a simultaneous snadwich enzyme immunoassay on microtiter plates sensitized with goat polyclonal antibody to measure the hormone.The test has a sensitivity of 10 mlU/ml either on urine, serum, or plasma samples when read in a microplate reader. The results can also be evaluated by the naked eye, with a sensitivity of 20 mlU/ml. No cross reactivity was detected with other human gonadotropins. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enzyme immunoaassay for specific analysis of pancreatic stone proteins in human pancreatic juice
Authors: Katsuzaki Tomoyuki , Tatemichi Noriyuki , Takeichi Chikako , Hayakawa Shinobu , Hayakawa Tetsuo , Shibata Tokimune , Harada Hideo , Ochi Koji 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn order to study the concentration of pancreatic stone protein (PSP) in human pancreatic juice, we investigated the influence of the insoluble form of PSP‐S1 converted from PSP‐S2–5 on PSP determination and the assay method for PSP‐S1 precipitate after solubilizing PSP‐S1 was converted from PSP‐S2–5 and precipitated about 45–85% after 1 h. The precipitated PSP‐S1 was dissolved in 0.1 M sodium acetate buffer, pH4.0, and the concentration was measured by the enzyme immunoassay, with similar reactivity to PSP‐S1 and PSP‐S2–5. The proposed method can offer accurate and specific analysis of the PSP level in pancreatic juice. The results of the fractionation of pancreatic juice and duodenal juice on Mono S cation‐exchange chromatograhy suggested that the major coponent of PSP was PSP‐S2–5 in pancreatic juice and PSP‐S1 in duo‐denal juice. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Experience with a provocative test of calcitonin release as a prospective screening for preclinical medullary thyroid carcinoma in men type 2A family members
Authors: van Lathem J. J. M. , Vermaak W. J. H. , Kuyl J. M. , Mollentze W. , Jansen S. , Wolmaran L. , Pelser H. , Barry R. , Kruger A. J. , Wolfaardt M. , Nel C. J. C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe report our experience with a provocative test of calcitonin (CT) release using a combined stimulus of intravenous 10% CaCl2 solution and pentagastrin on 34 normal adults (15 females: age 41 ± 12.3 yers and range 22–65 years; and 19 males: age 43 ± 9.1 years and range 23–60 years) and in 44 family members of three proven multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A syndrome (MEN 2A) patients. A commercial radioimmunoassay was used to determine the serum CT levels. Peak CT levels were reached within 2 to 5 minutes after administration of the stimulus in all subjects tested. In the group of normal subjects there was no significant difference in the mean basal CT levels between males (54.8 ± 21.7 pg/ml) and females (56.5 ± 34.8 pg/ml), whilst the mean peak response values ofr males was 146.3 ± 120.6 pg/ml, which was significantly different from the mean value of females, namely 71.6 ± 39.0 pg/ml. We did not find significant correlations between the basal CT level, peak CT response, and age.Of the 44 family members tested, 9 showed an exaggerated CT response to the combined stimulus and subsequently had a total thyroidectomy. Histological examination confirmed C‐cell hyperplasia (CCH) in one and medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) in teh other 8. Three of the 9 had high basal plasma CT levels. The 9 patients were retested postoperatively and all showed a flat response to the combined stimulus. Those family members with histological proof of MTC or CCH were screened for genetic linkage to the disease gene for MEN 2A using probe MCK2, and showed correltion in each instance. Eight other members were identified as high‐risk genotypes. They are still asymptomatic and calcitonin negative.Our study shows that the provocative test and the commercial calcitonin radioimmunoassay used is reliable in detecting family members of MEN type 2A patients having preclinical MTC or CCH. We found that peak response values higher than 250 pg/ml were highly suggestive of preclinical MTC in family members of MEN 2A cases (sensitivity 100% and specificity 94%). The test had minor side effects which did not las more than 2 minutes. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of anticardiolipin antibody in patients with recurrent fetal loss on thrombomodulin‐dependent protein C activation
Authors: Toyoshima Kiwamu , Makino Tsunehisa , Ozawa Nobuaki , Umeuchi Masakatsu , Nozawa Shiro 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn order to approach an understanding of the mechanisms of fetal death in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome we investigated the association between protein C activity and anticardiolipin antibody. Protein C activity in vivo was decreased in some patients with recurrent fetal loss and a high ACA titer. This study suggests that anticardiolipin antibody in patients with recurrent fetal loss may inhibit activation of protein C by thrombomodulin. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Proteinase K inactivation of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase isoenzyme for measurement of human serum mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase
Authors: Watazu Yoshifumi , Uji Yoshinori , Okabe Hiroaki , Shirahase Yasushi , Kaneda Nobuaki , Karmen Arthur 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe studied a new proteinase K assay method for human serum mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase. We found that proteinase K showed no inactivation of human mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase isoenzyme and complete inactivation of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase.Previous studies have shown that selective proteolytic measurement for mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase in serum using the protease 401 cleaved peptide bond at Leu 20 from the amino‐terminal bond shows complete inactivation of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase and slight inactivation of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase isoenzyme, depending on protease concentration.In this investigation, we found that the proteinase K method does not depend on protease concentration. The proteinase K enzyme inactivation of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase is caused by the cleavage of the peptide bond at lieu 21 from the aminoterminal bond.In studies with various animal cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes, proteinase K almost completely inactivated cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase. Precision and correlation using proteinase K for measurement of serum mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase in human showed a good coefficient of variation (within‐run <4.45%) and a coefficient of correlation of r = 0.985 (N = 125). © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The levels of serum myoglobin in cardiac patients with elevated creatine kinase‐MB and suspected acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Moscoso Hugo , Kiefer Charles R. , Shyamala M. , Teabeaut Robert J. , Garver Fred A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA monoclonal antibody enzyme immunoinhibition assay was used to quantitate serial serum myoglobin (Mb) levels in 121 patients who had ≫5% creatine kinase‐MB (CK‐MB) and suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Serum Mb levels higher than 0.16 μg/ml were considered abnormal. In 94% of these patients who were finally diagnosed with AMI, Mb levels were higher than 0.16 μg/ml, whereas all 30 normal control blood donors had lower Mb levels. Patients with anterior or inferior wall infarcts had higher Mb levels (≫0.64 μg/ml) than patients with lateral or subendocardial infarction. Only 68% (82/ 121) of patients evaluated by elevated CK‐MB alone had a final diagnosis of AMI. In contrast, 94% (77/83) of patients who in addition showed elevated Mb had AMI. It is suggested that analysis of Mb levels allows a more accurate diagnosis of AMI in patients with elevated CK‐MB than does reliance on CK‐MB values alone. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dual organism infection in biopsy specimens from immunocompromised patients: Two cases demonstrated by immunocytochemistry
Authors: Reed Jon A. , Slater Leonard N. , Hemann Betty A. , Brigati David J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe report two cases in which immunocy‐tochemistry demonstrated simultaneous infections within a single biopsy specimen obtained from each of two immunocompromised patients in whom multiple organism infection was not suspected. Using a rapid immunocyto‐chemical technique, Pneumocystis carinii and Cryptococcus neoformans were demonstrated in a transbronchial lung biopsy from the first patient; Candida and cytomegalovirus were demonstrated in an endoscopic biopsy of the esophagus from the second patient. Routine hematoxylin and eosin as well as special stains failed to establish the presence of more than one infectious agent in either case. Mycology cultures ultimately confirmed the presence of Cryptococcus in the first case, but cultures were not performed in the second case due to the scant amount of tissue obtained from the biopsy. The results indicate that concurrent infection by more than one opportunistic organism in immunocompromised patients can easily remain unrecognized. The use of immunocytochemistry may thus provide an important adjunct to routine and special stains or specific cultures. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.