bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dephosphorylation of Nucleic Acids, Mononucleotides and Casein by Lanthanum and Cerium Hydroxide Gels
Authors: Shimomura Michio , Egami Fujio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The dephospkorylation reaction of RNA by lanthanum hydroxide gel was further studied. The activation energy of the reaction is 20,200∼20,400 cal. Optimal pH is between 8 and 9.
2. RNA is hydrolysed almost completely into nucleosides and inorganic phosphate at 90° in 40 hours at pH 8. The formation of nucleosides as the final product of hydrolysis was shown from the reducing power measurements and periodate consumption of products.
3. DNA is not dephosphorylated at all under conditions where RNA is almost completely dephosphorylated. This may be related to the structural difference of DNA and RNA.
4. Preparative method for ribonucleosides from RNA under catalytic effect of lanthanum hydroxide was described. Ribonucleosides are obtained in good yields.
5. Desoxyribo-, a-ribo-, b-ribo-, and 5′-ribocytidylic acid are all subject to catalytic dephosphorylation. 5′-Ribocytidylic acid is dephosphorylated most slowly.
6. Cerium hydroxide can be used as catalyst of the reaction in the same way with lanthanum hydroxide.
7. The dephosphorylation of casein is considerably accelerated by lanthanum hydroxide at 70° but not at 25°.
Derivatives of dl-Aminopropanediols
Authors: Urakami Chieko , Kakeda Kasumi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Derivatives of 1-aminopropanediol, 2-aminopropanediol and the halogenated acyl esters of glycerol have been prepared. The amino group has been acylated with haloalkylacyl group and one or both hydroxyl groups with aliphatic acids of various chain lengths. Preliminary experimental results have shown that these compounds exhibit bacteriostatic activity in vitro against mycobacterium tuberculosis, avian. The chemical constitution of the isomeric products, the 1-amino and 2-amino derivatives, has been confirmed. The preparation of the optical active forms of the aminopropanediols are now in progress.
On the Ring-Opening Reactions of the Furan Compounds. I. The Synthesis of 1,4-Pentadien-3-one-1, 5-dicarboxylic Acid from 2-Furanacrylic Acid
Authors: Midorikawa Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
2-Furanacrylic acid gave 1,4-pentadien-3-one-1,5-dicarboxylic acid in a fairly good yield by treatment with aqueous hydrogen peroxide containing hydrochloric acid. This acid underwent the same photochemical change by direct sunlight as its methyl ester. This acid was reduced to γ-ketopimelic acid hydrazones of the acid by aluminium amalgam, and oxidised to fumaric and oxalic acids by potassium permanganate. It is assumed that the two double bond have the trans structure. The phenyl-hydrazones of the acid and the methyl ester were obtained.
The Dielectric Constant of Dispersion of Spherical Particles
Authors: Kubo Masaji , Nakamura Sankichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The dielectric constant of the dispersion, in which spherical particles of dielectric constant ε1 are dispersed in a medium of dielectric constant ε0, has been worked out theoretically without employing Wiener’s proportionality postulate. The following equation has been derived for the relation between the dielectric constant ε of the dispersion and the volume fraction φ of the disperse phase.
(Remark: Graphics omitted.)
Where c=1−4π/9√3
The Action of Hydrogen Bromide and Oxygen on α,α′-Dimethylstilbene and Related Compounds
Authors: Suzuki Hiroshi , Simamura Osamu , Ichihashi Toshiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The action of hydrogen bromide on cis- or Trans-α,α′-dimethylstilbene in the presence of a peroxidic substance or of bromine in carbon tetrachloride in the dark below room temperature caused a partial isomerization to the respective geometrical isomers. The reaction was inhibited by catechol. When oxygen was allowed to react simultaneously under otherwise the same experimental conditions, the cleavage of the central double bond took place yielding acetophenone and α-bromoacetophenone along with 1,4-dibromo-2,3-diphenyl-2-butene. Similar experiments with α-methylstilbene and α,α′-diethylstilbene were conducted. The action of oxygen and bromine on α,α′-dimethylstilbene caused the same oxidative cleavage of the double bond as with hydrogen bromide and oxygen. It was pointed out that an ethylenic compound which is sterically hindered to such an extent that it is unreactive towards molecular reagents can be reactive enough towards radical reagents.
The Effect of Conversion on the Mechanism of Vinyl Polymerization. II. Methyl Methacrylate
Authors: Fujii Saburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The usual photochemical method and the rotating sector technique have been used to study the effect of conversion on the termination mechanism in the polymerization of methyl methacrylate. The strong rate acceleration, the extreme increase in kinetic chain lifetime and some decreases in the overall activation energy and the reaction order of chain termination have been detected with increasing conversion of the reaction system. These results are in good agreement with those reported on styrene in the first paper of this series and with the available data on this polymerization. These results have been discussed under several assumptions and confirmed to be due to a large change in the termination mechanism, i. e., from the activation-controlled termination of polymer radicals in the initial stages to the predominant diffusion-controlled termination in the later stages.
On the Molecular Rotations of Polypeptides of Alanine
Authors: Murakami Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Molecular rotations of a series of polypeptides of alanine have been calculated theoretically. We have assumed the molecular model which is constructed by sevenmembered rings due to intra-molecular hydrogen bonds (α-type configuration). Calculations are carried out for the both effects of one-electron theory and dynamical coupling theory, and the results correspond relatively well to experimental results. This fact probably indicates the appropriateness of the assumed model. In order to obtain a decisive conclusion, however, it is necessary to proceed with the calculations for other models and compare the results quantitatively. This is a task for future study.
The Spatial Configurations and the Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra of Biphenyl and Some Related Compounds
Authors: Suzuki Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The quantitative relations between the degree of deviation from coplanarity of the molecular configuration and the ultraviolet absorption spectrum as well as the extent of conjugation for the biphenyl-type compounds have been determined by calculations based on the molecular orbital method. On the basis of the results, the spatial configurations of biphenyl, o-methylbiphenyl, o,o′-dimethylbiphenyl, fluorene, 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene, 4,5-methylene-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene, 2, 7-dihydro-3,4-5,6-dibenzoxepin, and 2, 7-dihydro-3,4-5,6-dibenzazepinium-1-spiro-1'″piperidinium bromide have been discussed.
Surface Chemistry of High Polymers, IV. The Monolayer of Polymeth-acrylic Acid and its Copolymers with Diethylaminoethyl Vinyl Ether at the Air/Water Interface
Authors: Isemura Toshizo , Hotta Hiroshi , Otsuka Seinosuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
As the result of the measurements of the surface pressure and surface potential of polymethacrylic acid and its copolymers with diethylaminoethyl vinyl ether on the aqueous phase at various pH, their surface moment was constant up to pH 4.0, then rapidly fell down to zero between pH 4.0 and 5.5, and finally their stable film could not be found at the higher pH range than 5.5, but the surface pressure decreased with increasing pH even up to pH 4.0. These tendencies are discussed in the light of Katchalsky’s interpretation in regard to the relation between the shape of molecules and the degree of ionization.
The important conclusions from the present experiments are :
(1) all the side chains of the present polymer are immersed in the aqueous phase;
(2) the degree of ionization of amine groups may be of about 20% even at its maximum; and
(3) the isoelectric point of the present copolymer at the interface exists at about pH 5.0 of the aqueous phase.
Lower Electronic States of the Free NH2 Radical
Authors: Higuchi Jiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
LCAO MO’s and ionization potentials have been calculated for the 2B1 state of the free NH2 radical by using the LCAO-SCF method. The interactions of all electrons have been explicitly considered, but the orthogonal relationship between the 1s orbitals of nitrogen and hydrogen was assumed. Using these MO’s the lower electronic states have also been investigated without configuration interaction. The calculated value of a 2B1→2A1 transition is 1.8 ev in fairly good agreement with the observed one of the α bands of ammonia in the region of 4500 to 7400 Å. The calculated bond angles of the 2B1 and the 2A1 state are about 110° and 150°, respectively. These results are in good agreement with the observation and the opinion by Herzberg and Ramsay and the estimation by Luft.
Studies on Hydration by Ultrasonic Interferometer. V. The Change of Hydration of Inorganic Electrolytes with Temperature
Authors: Sasaki Tunetaka , Yasunaga Tatuya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Sound velocity was measured at the temperature ranging from 0° to 60°C for water and the aqueous solutions of NaCl.
The amount of hydration was calculated from the sound velocity data for NaCl, which was shown to change linearly with the square root of temperature.
Volume contraction due to the dissolution of NaCl was also calculated at various temperatures which was found to change proportionally with the amount of hydration. The proportionality constant (0.10) was the same as obtained when the nature of the salt was changed. The mean hydration pressure was estimated to be about 4000 atmospheres.
A part of the cost of this study has been defrayed from the Scientific Research Expenditure of the Ministry of Education, given to one of the authors.
Internal Rotation in n-Propyl Chloride and Bromide
Authors: Komaki Chizuko , Ichishima Isao , Kuratani Kenji , Miyazawa Tatsuo , Shimanouchi Takehiko , Mizushima San-ichiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Infrared spectra of n-propyl chloride and bromide have been measured in the gaseous, liquid and solid states. The Raman measurement was also made in the liquid state. From the normal vibration calculation and by comparison with the spectra of ethylene chlorhydrin it has been concluded that in the liquid state both the trans and gauche forms are present and of these only the trans form persists in the solid state. The energy difference between the trans and the gauche forms has been determined by the absorption intensity measurement.
Magneiochemical Study of Violanthrene-iodine System
Authors: Matsunaga Yoshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The magnetic susceptibility of violanthreneiodine complex was measured as a function of iodine concentration. This complex shows the large discrepancy between the observed susceptibility and the estimated one which was derived by direct application of the additivity law. Perylene-bromine, peryleneiodine, and violanthrene-bromine show a similar behavior also. The susceptibility-composition curve in violanthrene-iodine system suggests the existence of molecular complex containing one molecule of violanthrene and two of iodine. At that composition, the discrepancy exceeds 35 per cent. This depression of diamagnetism is so large that we can not explain it by the localization of π-electrons in aromatic molecule. The occurrence of paramagnetic state is taken into consideration, and the nature of this state is discussed. The large difference between observed and estimated susceptibilities is attributed to the partial cancellation of diamagnetism by the paramagnetic contribution of free electrons produced by the intermolecular charge-transfer force which spreads out widely and strongly in this solid complex.
Determination of Carbon in Organic Compounds by the Iodic Acid Decomposition Method
Authors: Ohashi Shigeru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) A new wet combustion method for the determination of carbon in organic compounds has been developed.
(2) A sample is decomposed by heating with a mixture of potassium iodate and strong phosphoric acid. The liberated carbon dioxide is absorbed in 0.1 n sodium hydroxide, using a spiral type absorber. After adding barium chloride solution the excess sodium hydroxide is titrated with 0.1 n hydrochloric acid, using thymol blue as indicator, in the absorber.
(3) A part of the liberated iodine is absorbed into the tube filled with anhydrous sodium thiosulfate in order to avoid the absorption of the iodine in the alkali solution in the absorber.
(4) Analyses for several organic compounds gave satisfactory results. Using 10 to 60 mg. of samples, the accuracy was with in ±2%. Analysis time for one sample is about fifty minutes.
The Effect of Some Surface Active Substances on the Polarographic Reduction Process of Metallic Ions
Authors: Tamamushi Reita , Yamanaka Teruko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The effect of three detergents on the polarographic electrode reduction processes of Tl+-, Pb2+- and Ni2+-ions was studied together with the E-C curve of these detergents. It was shown that these detergents were very effective to suppress the polarographic maximum and their surface excess was shown to be very small at the concentration range of their MSP from the study of the E-C curve. The half-wave potential was shifted to the more negative and the shape of the c-v curve was distorted by the presence of these detergents, the degree of which was the largest in the case of Ni2+-ion and the least in the case of Tl+-ion. The anionic detergent seemed to have a larger effect than the cationic one on the electrode process with the half-wave potential more positive than the E-C max., and vice versa. It was shown that the effect of the detergents on the polarographic c-v curve was parallel to the result on their adsorption phenomena obtained from the E-C curve. From these results it was concluded that the polarographic electrode process is greatly influenced by the change in the structure of the electrical double layer and that it will be the electron-transfer process which is mainly affected by the presence of the adsorption layer of the surface active substances.
Effects of Quenching and Annealing in Manufacture of Fused Iron Catalyst upon Activity for Ammonia Synthesis and Potash Distribution
Authors: Uchida Hiroshi , Todo Naoyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Catalysts of four different promoter compositions…5% Al2O3, 1% K2O for catalyst No. 1; 4% Al2O3, 1% CaO, 1% K2O for No. 2; 3% Al2O3, 2% SiO2, 1%K2O for No. 3; and 3% Al2O3, 2% SiO2, 1% CaO, 1% MgO, 2.5% K2O for No. 4…were subjected, immediately after their fusion, to different cooling rates such as quenching, annealing and normal cooling.
Among the differently cooled catalysts, the annealed catalyst tended to reveal much lower activity for ammonia synthesis than the normally cooled one, but the quenched catalyst revealed the same.
The characteristic microscopic structures of catalysts of different promoter compositions were more or less markedly modified by annealing to develop large and structually more homogeneous grains, and part of the potash in these catalysts dissolved in water more or less remarkably according to the promoter composition as well as the cooling rate. In other words, the amount of insoluble potash in the catalysts was increased somewhat or considerably by the addition of lime or silica respectively, and the greatest quantity was found in the normally cooled catalysts while the smallest was in the annealed. After the reduction of differently cooled catalysts, the largest surface area was exhibited by the normally cooled catalyst, and the smallest by the annealed, but the surface concentration of potash (+lime) was nearly the same for three differently cooled catalysts. The catalysts of different promoter composition revealed also their characteristic electronic images. After annealing, the images from the interior of grains disappeared in the case of catalysts No. 1 and No. 2. but such disappearance was less remarkably found with catalysts No. 3 and No. 4.
From the results obtained, the interpretation of the decrease due to annealing of catalytic activity has been intended on the basis of the distribution state of the promoters. Some of the effects exerted by the addition of lime can be explained on the same basis, but the peculiar effects of the addition of silica on both activity and structure remains unexplicable despite the promising effect for manufacture of the highly active catalyst.
The Magnetic Susceptibility of Iodine in Various Solvents
Authors: Kondo Michio , Kishita Michihiko , Kimura Masao , Kubo Masaji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The diamagnetic susceptibility per gram of iodine in solutions of various solvents was measured with a Gouy magnetic balance at room temperature. The value −0.363×10−6 in hexane solution was practically identical with that of iodine in pure phase. The values of diamagnetism of iodine in carbon disulfide, benzene, toluene, ethyl alcohol, and acetone ranging from −0.329 to −0.341 are only slightly smaller than the value in hexane, in disagreement with the data found in literatures. A qualitative support for the present writers’ result was afforded by theoretical considerations based on Mulliken’s theory of complexes formed in accordance with the mechanism of electron transfer from a donor molecule to an acceptor.
Studies on the Chemical Constitution of Agar-agar. XVIII. Isolation of a New Crystalline Disaccharide by Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Agar-agar
Authors: Araki Choji , Arai Kiyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. A new crystalline disaccharide has been isolated from enzymatic hydrolysates of agar. Its hexaacetate and phenylosazone have been prepared in crystalline states.
2. The name neoagarobiose has been assigned to the disaccharide isolated.
3. The structure of neoagarobiose has been shown beyond doubt to be 3-O-3′, 6′-anhydro-l-galactopyranosyl-d-galactose. It has been suggested that the glycoside linkage is of α′-configuration.
Studies on the Intramolecular Hydrogen Bond in Conjugated Systems by the Measurements of Dipole Moments. I. o-Nitrophenol
Authors: Eda Bunzo , Ito Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Dipole moments of o-nitrophenol, 4-chloro-2-nitrophenol, 4-methyl-2-nitrophenol, o-nitroanisole and 4-chloro-2-nitroanisole were measured in benzene solutions. Their values are 3.16, 2.35, 3.49, 4.83 and 4.60 D respectively. Instead of obtaining the directions of the dipole moments of phenol and anisole, μx and μy, the two components in x- and y- directions in the molecular plane, were evaluated from the moments of their derivatives. When the dipole moments of o-nitro-phenol, o-nitroanisole and their derivatives were calculated according to the vector addition using these components, the calculated moments for o-nitrophenol and its derivatives do not agree with the observed ones whereas fairly good agreement was found between the observed and calculated ones for o-nitroanisole and its derivative. The order of the discrepancy is 0.3–0.4 D in x-direction and 0.2–0.35 D in y-direction. The authors suggest that the cause of this discrepancy is due mainly to the formation of an intramolecular hydrogen bond.
Magnetochemical Study of Dianthraquinone and its Thermochromism in the Solid State
Authors: Matsunaga Yoshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The magnetic susceptibilities of dianthraquinone and its seven related compounds were measured by the Gouy method. The effect of conjugation between the constitutional fragments of the molecule was discussed with the aid of theoretical values of diamagnetic anisotropies. The depression of molar susceptibility of dianthraquinone was attributed to the localization of π-electrons in the central ethylene linkage, owing to the large distortion of the molecule. The remarkable decrease of susceptibility and the complete vanishing of sharp diffraction patterns in X-ray diagram accompanying the color change on heating of dianthraquinone were shown. The author concluded that the net change occurring in the so-called thermochromism of solid dianthraquinone is an irreversible chemical reaction.
Spedrochemical Study of Microscopic Crystals. XII. Polarized Absorption Spectra of Cupric Complexes with Tropolone and Related Compounds
Authors: Yamada Shoichiro , Tsuchida Ryutaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Polarized absorption spectra of cupric complexes with tropolone, hinokitiol, acetylacetone and salicylaldehyde have been determined in the visible and ultra-violet by Tsuchida-Kobayashi’s microscopic method. The above compounds all exhibit two bands at about 40 to 55×1013/sec. (band A) and at about 70×1013/sec. or shorter wave-length (specific band). The following rules on the dichroism which are common for the above complexes, have been induced : For the band A, the absorption parallel to the complex plane is highly hyperchromic to the absorption normal to the complex-plane. For the specific band, the absorption parallel to the π-electron system is found considerably bathochromic to the absorption normal to the plane.
With different ligand ions, the wave-length of the band A of the cupric complexes have been compared, and the following hypsochro mic order has been derived: acetylacetone&gt; salicylaldehyde&gt; tropolone&gt;, hinokitiol. The same order has been found for the wave-length shift of the specific band from the corresponding band of the free ligand.
The above results have been discussed in relation to the electronic state of the complexes and the ligands.
Physical Properties and Crystal Structure of 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2-methylpropane
Authors: Koide Tsutomu , Oda Tsutomu , Nitta Isamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2-methylpropane is cubic at room temperatures. X-ray date may be interpreted on the basis of a body-centered packing of molecules in disorder, orientational or rotational. The cube edge of the unit containing two molecules is a=7.4Å. The crystal undergoes transition at about −62.2°C, when cooled, and at −39.7°C,when heated starting at a lower temperature.
Partial Methanolysis of the Mucilage of Chondrus Ocellatus Holmes
Authors: Araki Choji , Hirase Susumu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The mucilage of Chondrus ocellatus Holmes has been investigated by the partial methanolysis method.
2. A new disaccharide, the structure of which is shown to be 4-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-3,6-anhydro-d-galactose, has been isolated in the form of its dimethylacetal and methyl β-glycoside in a good yield.
3. The disaccharide has been named carrabiose.
4. It has been suggested that 1→3′ linked carrabiose represents the repeating unit for the most part of the carbohydrate of the Chondrus mucilage.
Investigation on Mixed Complex. I. Spectrophotometric Study of Mixed Complexes Formed by Cupric Ion and Bidentate Ligands
Authors: Kida Sigeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The dismutation constants of the three mixed complexes [Cu en ox], [Cu en aca]+ and [Cu dgH aca] were determined photometrically. The negative logarithms of their dismutation constants were found to be 1.10, 0.42 and \={1}.96 respectively.
By the use of determined, dismutation constants absorption spectra of these mixed complexes were found. The frequency of the absorption maximum was found to coincide with the mean value of the parent complexes. At the same time the absorption of the mixed complex is generally stronger than the mean absorption of the parent complexes.