bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two cases of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome, one with and the other without pre‐eclampsia
Authors: Fujiwara Yoichiro , Higaki Hitomi , Yamada Toshio , Nakata Yoshinori , Kato Seiko , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Ito Ryoji , Yamaki Junko 
Published: November 2005

AbstractTwo cases of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) are reported. One was a 26‐year‐old woman, who had pre‐eclampsia and developed cortical blindness and subsequent eclampsia at 28 weeks’ gestation. The other was a 27‐year‐old woman, who had no pre‐eclampsia and developed loss of consciousness and subsequent systemic convulsion at 36 weeks’ gestation. On brain magnetic resonance imaging, they both had high signal intensity on T2‐weighted and fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery images, and normal signal intensity on diffusion‐weighted image of the posterior lobe, which almost disappeared with the amelioration of clinical symptoms thereafter. RPLS is considered to be the result of vasogenic brain edema caused by hypertension. Two hypotheses are conceived to explain the emergence of RPLS without hypertension. The first suggests that an immunotolerant condition such as pregnancy can easily cause vasogenic edema without the elevation of blood pressure. The second suggests that hypertension exists but cannot be detected because it is extremely acute and transient.
Successful oral prime‐immunization with VP60 from rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus produced in transgenic plants using different fusion strategies
Authors: Gil Félix , Titarenko Elena , Terrada Estela , Arcalís Elsa , Escribano José M. 
Published: November 2005

SummaryExpression levels of vaccine antigens in transgenic plants have important consequences in their use as edible vaccines. The major structural protein VP60 from the rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) has been produced in transgenic plants using different strategies to compare its accumulation in plant tissues. The highest expressing plants were those presenting stable, complex, high‐density structures formed by VP60, suggesting the importance of multisubunit structures for the stability of this protein in plant cells. Mice fed with leaves of transgenic plants expressing VP60 were primed to a subimmunogenic baculovirus‐derived vaccine single dose. This indicates that plants expressing VP60 antigen may be a new means for oral RHDV immunization.
Surgical reconstruction after subtotal ear resection in malignant melanoma of the ear
Authors: Kruse‐Lösler B , Presser D , Metze D , Joos U 
Published: November 2005

AbstractSurgery in malignant melanoma of the external ear often leads to substantial defects where reconstruction poses a difficult challenge. We describe an option of a one‐step ear reconstruction after subtotal ear resection in malignant melanoma surgery. In a patient with a high‐risk melanoma of the helical rim, a wide local excision was performed. Because of a metastasis‐suspect lymph node in the parotid gland, surgery included asservation of the sentinel lymph node, neck dissection and parotidectomy. A complete reconstruction of the ear was achieved using a bilobed flap from the retroauricular and neck region with acceptable cosmetic and functional results by one‐step surgery. One micrometastasis was detected in the nuchal region but not in the marked sentinel lymph node. An adequate one‐step ear reconstruction as described may also be performed to the benefit of patients with high‐risk melanomas, allowing early adjuvant therapy.
Keratoacanthoma developing in previous cryotherapy site for solar keratosis
Authors: Kaptanoglu AF , Kutluay L 
Published: November 2005

AbstractKeratoacanthoma is a relatively common benign squamous neoplasm that may show spontaneous clearing. Although the cause of the tumour is unknown, there are some reports describing keratoacanthoma following various types of trauma or secondary to other skin lesions. Thermal burns are reported to be important preceding traumas in the development of keratoacanthomas. whereas there is only one report of cold trauma of cryotherapy. We report a rare case of keratoacanthoma arising in the site of cryotherapy applied for solar keratosis.
Defining oppositional defiant disorder
Authors: Rowe Richard , Maughan Barbara , Costello E. Jane , Angold Adrian 
Published: November 2005

Background:  ICD‐10 and DSM‐IV include similar criterial symptom lists for conduct disorder (CD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), but while DSM‐IV treats each list separately, ICD‐10 considers them jointly. One consequence is that ICD‐10 identifies a group of children with ODD subtype who do not receive a diagnosis under DSM‐IV.Methods:  We examined the characteristics of this group of children using the Great Smoky Mountains Study of children in the community aged 9–16. This study provided child and parent reports of symptoms and psychosocial impairment assessed with standardised diagnostic interviews.Results:  Children who received an ICD‐10 diagnosis but not a DSM‐IV diagnosis showed broadly similar levels of psychiatric comorbidity, delinquent activity and psychosocial impairment to those who met DSM‐IV criteria in both cross‐sectional and longitudinal analyses.Conclusions:  These results indicate that DSM‐IV excludes from diagnosis children who receive an ICD‐10 diagnosis of CD (ODD sub‐type), and who are substantially disturbed. Methods of redressing this situation are considered.
Examining the relationship between rightward visuo‐spatial bias and poor attention within the normal child population using a brief screening task
Authors: Manly Tom , Cornish Kim , Grant Cathy , Dobler Veronika , Hollis Chris 
Published: November 2005

Background: Some previous studies have linked Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) with a bias in spatial awareness away from the left. As genetic research suggests that ADHD may be better viewed as an extreme on a continuum rather than a distinct entity, here we examined this issue in boys from the normal population.Method: From an initial sample of 1811, two groups of boys characterised by very high (n = 58) or very low (n = 68) levels of ADHD‐type behaviours were formed. The groups completed the spatially sensitive Line Bisection test and more general measures of (non‐spatial) attention and intellectual function.Results: Boys whose bisections were consistent with relative inattention to the left indeed had higher ratings of ADHD‐type behaviours and performed significantly more poorly on tests of sustained attention and executive function than boys whose bisections were in the normal range. In contrast, boys who showed extreme bisections in the opposite direction were not unusual either in ratings or test performance.Conclusions: The results support an association between poor attention and a relative rightward bias in visual awareness that may stem from right hemisphere inefficiency.
Saccadic eye movement task identifies cognitive deficits in children with schizophrenia, but not in unaffected child relatives
Authors: Ross Randal G. , Heinlein Shari , Zerbe Gary O. , Radant Allen 
Published: November 2005

Background:  The delayed oculomotor response (DOR) task requires response inhibition followed by movement of gaze towards a known spatial location without a current stimulus. Abnormalities in response inhibition and in the spatial accuracy of the eye movement are found in individuals with schizophrenia and in many of their relatives, supporting the use of these saccadic abnormalities as endophenotypes in genetic studies. It is unknown whether school‐age children, either with psychosis or as relatives of a schizophrenic proband, can be included.Method:  One hundred eighty‐seven children, ages 5.8–16.0 years – 45 children with childhood‐onset schizophrenia, 64 children with a first‐degree relative with schizophrenia, and 84 typically developing children – completed DOR tasks with 1 and 3 second delays.Results:  Children with childhood‐onset schizophrenia demonstrated impaired response inhibition and impaired spatial accuracy compared to both relatives and typicals; however, relatives and typicals did not differ from each other.Conclusions:  Children with childhood‐onset schizophrenia have saccadic abnormalities similar to those found in adults with schizophrenia, supporting the continuity of executive function deficits in childhood‐onset with adolescent and adult‐onset schizophrenia. However, saccadic tasks are not sensitive to genetic risk in non‐psychotic children and 6–15‐year‐old children should not be included in genetic studies utilizing this endophenotype.
CD14+ cell collection in non‐cytokine‐stimulated donors with the COM.TEC cell separator
Authors: Strasser Erwin F. , Hendelmeier Martin , Weisbach Volker , Zimmermann Robert , Ringwald Jürgen , Juntke Ronald , Sauer Gudrun , Zingsem Jürgen , Eckstein Reinhold 
Published: November 2005

BACKGROUND: The COM.TEC cell separator (Fresenius Hemocare), equipped with the MNC program (single‐stage chamber) and the PBSC‐LYM program (dual‐stage chamber), was evaluated for CD14+ cell collection regarding cell yields, collection efficiencies (CEs), and the content of residual cells in harvests.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Twenty‐four non‐cytokine‐stimulated donors underwent 5‐L mononuclear cell (MNC) collections on the COM.TEC device to compare both programs. Two software versions (v02.03.05 vs. v03.00.04) were investigated for optimization of the CD14+ cell collection process. Blood counts of donors and products were analyzed for CD14+ cells by flow cytometry and for platelets (PLTs), white blood cells, and red blood cells (RBCs) by a blood cell counter.RESULTS: In 5‐L collections, the MNC program resulted in high CEs (83 ± 23%) and yields (1.2 × 109 ± 0.6 × 109 per unit) of CD14+ cells, but the products showed high residual PLTs. The use of a dual‐stage chamber in the PBSC‐LYM program produced a low content of residual PLTs (0.7 × 1011 ± 0.3 × 1011 per unit) and RBCs but failed to reach a target of 1 × 109 CD14+ cells. Modulated light to stabilize the buffy‐coat detection by the interface monitor significantly improved CD14+ cell enrichment. By use of the PBSC‐LYM program, higher centrifuge velocity (1700 rpm [382 × g] vs. 1500 rpm [297 × g]) improved significantly CD14+ cell yields (0.7 × 109 vs. 0.5 × 109 cells).CONCLUSION: A pure CD14+ cell product with low numbers of residual cells was obtained by the PBSC‐LYM program, which could be useful for good manufacturing practice–conformed production within closed systems. The MNC program offers the collection of high CD14+ cell yields with excellent CEs but also high residual PLT counts.
Comparisons of bacterial patterns present at implant and tooth sites in subjects on supportive periodontal therapy
Authors: Agerbaek Mette R. , Lang Niklaus P. , Persson G. Rutger 
Published: November 2005

AbstractObjective: (I) To compare the oral microflora at implant and tooth sites in subjects participating in a periodontal recall program, (II) to test whether the microflora at implant and tooth sites differ as an effect of gingival bleeding (bleeding on probing (BOP)), or pocket probing depth (PPD), and (III) to test whether smoking and gender had an impact on the microflora.Material and methods: Data were collected from 127 implants and all teeth in 56 subjects. Microbiological data were identified by the DNA–DNA checkerboard hybridization.Results: PPD≥4 mm were found in 16.9% of tooth, and at 26.6% of implant sites (P<0.01). Tooth sites with PPD≥4 mm had a 3.1‐fold higher bacterial load than implant sites (mean difference: 66%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 40.7–91.3, P<0.001). No differences were found for the red, orange, green, and yellow complexes. A higher total bacterial load was found at implant sites with PPD≥4 mm (mean difference 35.7 × 105, 95% CI: 5.2 (105) to 66.1 (105), P<0.02 with equal variance not assumed). At implant sites, BOP had no impact on bacterial load but influenced the load at tooth sites (P<0.01).Conclusion: BOP, and smoking had no impact on bacteria at implant sites but influenced the bacterial load at tooth sites. Tooth sites harbored more bacteria than implant sites with comparable PPD. The 4 mm PPD cutoff level influenced the distribution and amounts of bacterial loads. The subject factor is explanatory to bacterial load at both tooth and implant sites.
Prevalence of Psychiatric Illness in Women in an Oncology Sexual Health Population: A Retrospective Pilot Study
Authors: Amsterdam Alison , Carter Jeanne , Krychman Michael 
Published: November 2005

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Oncology patients often present to healthcare providers with a history of pre-existing psychiatric conditions. Associated treatments are well known to impact sexual functioning. The identification of these confounding conditions and medications is an integral part of the comprehensive management of sexual dysfunction in oncology patients.

Aim
To report the prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses and agents in an oncology sexual health clinic.

Methods
A retrospective review was performed using 204 sequential charts of patients who attended the Sexual Health Program at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center from March 2003 through August 2004.

Main Outcome Measures
All patients were evaluated by a sexual medicine gynecologist and received an extensive medical history, psychosexual assessment, and a focused gynecologic examination.

Results
Fourteen patients (7%) did not have cancer and were excluded from further analysis. Of the remaining 190 patients, the median age at initial visit was 48 years (range 22–76) and the majority of patients were menopausal (87%). The most common diagnosis was breast cancer (44%). One hundred twenty-eight patients (67%) had prior pelvic surgery and 43 (23%) had prior pelvic radiation. The most frequently encountered sexual complaints were dyspareunia (65%), vaginal dryness (63%), hypoactive desire disorder (46%), and orgasmic dysfunction (7%). At initial presentation, 52 patients (27%) reported having a prior or concurrent psychiatric diagnosis and 72 (38%) were taking an anti-depressant and/or an anxiolytic. Treatment recommendations for sexual dysfunction consisted of psychosexual counseling, psychiatric referral, vaginal moisturizers and lubricants, hormonal therapy with minimally absorbed vaginal estrogen suppositories, vaginal dilators, and/or skilled exercise.

Conclusion
Psychiatric conditions are commonly encountered in the oncology population as are the medications to treat them. Because it is well established that these medications are often implicated in sexual dysfunction, further research is needed to determine the mechanism of action within the desire pathway of the cancer patient and treatment of such disorders.
Hospitalization for oral malignancies in Western Australians: a four‐year retrospective analysis
Authors: SUBRAMANIAM Shiva , SMITH Kirrilee , KRUGER Estie , TENNANT Marc 
Published: November 2005

AbstractBackground:  To assess the incidence, age, sex, direct financial burden and Indigenous distribution of hospital separations for oral malignancies.Methods:  Data for the retrospective analysis was obtained from the Western Australian Hospital Morbidity Data System for the four financial years 1999/2000 to 2002/2003. Principal diagnosis, classified by the International Classification of Disease (ICD‐10AM) system was obtained from every patient diagnosed with an oral malignancy (ICD‐10 codes: C02.0 – D37.0), and discharged from every private and public hospital in Western Australia for the study period.Results:  The average age of hospitalization for oral malignancies is 58 years. Males are twice as likely to be hospitalized than females. Indigenous patients are 1.3 times more likely to be hospitalized for oral malignancies and stay in hospital for nearly twice as long as non‐indigenous patients. Indigenous patients had a 3.5 times higher rate of palate malignancies, and 1.4 times higher rate of tonsil malignancies than non‐Indigenous patients. Lip malignancies were most prevalent in non‐indigenous patients. Oral malignancies represent a 15.5% of the oral health related hospitalization costs but only 4.6% of separations.Conclusion:  Oral malignancies represent a considerable financial burden to the health system compared with the percentage of patients. With increasing incidence rates, especially amongst elderly, male and indigenous population groups, the future implications for the health care system is of particular concern.
Size traits and site conditions determine changes in seed bank structure caused by grazing exclusion in semiarid annual plant communities
Authors: Osem Yagil , Perevolotsky Avi , Kigel Jaime 
Published: November 2005

1. Contrasting patterns of change in the seed bank of natural grasslands are frequently found in response to grazing by domestic herbivores. Here, we studied the hypotheses that a) patterns of change in seed bank density and composition in response to grazing depend on spatial variation in resource availability and productivity, and b) that variation among species in patterns of seed bank response to grazing is linked to differences in species size traits (i.e. size of plant, dispersal unit and seed).2. Effects of sheep grazing exclusion on the seed bank were followed during five years in a semiarid Mediterranean annual plant community in Israel. Seed bank density and composition were measured in autumn, before the rainy season, inside and outside fenced exclosures in four neighboring topographic sites differing in vegetation characteristics, soil resources and primary productivity: Wadi (dry stream terraces, high productive site), Hilltop, South‐ and North‐facing slopes (less productive sites).3. Topographic sites differed in seed density (range ca 2500–18000 seed m−2) and in seed bank response to grazing exclusion. Fencing increased seed density by 78, 51 and 18% in the Wadi, South‐ and North‐facing slopes, respectively, but had no effect in the Hilltop. At the species level, grazing exclusion interacted with site conditions in determining species seed bank density, with larger or opposite changes in the high productive Wadi compared to the other less productive sites.4. Changes in seed bank structure after grazing exclusion were strongly related to species size traits. Grazing exclusion favored species with large size traits in all sites, while seed density of tiny species decreased strongly in the high productive Wadi. Species with medium and small size traits showed lesser or no responses.5. The size of plants, dispersal units and seeds were strongly correlated to each other, thus confounding the evaluation of the relative importance of each trait in the response of species to grazing and site conditions. We propose that the relative importance of plant size vs seed size in the response to grazing changes with productivity level.
Structure-Guided Discovery of Novel Aminoglycoside Mimetics as Antibacterial Translation Inhibitors
Authors: Zhou Yuefen , Gregor Vlad E. , Sun Zhongxiang , Ayida Benjamin K. , Winters Geoffrey C. , Murphy Douglas , Simonsen Klaus B. , Vourloumis Dionisios , Fish Sarah , Froelich Jamie M. , Wall Daniel , Hermann Thomas 
Published: November 2005

ABSTRACT

We report the structure-guided discovery, synthesis, and initial characterization of 3,5-diamino-piperidinyl triazines (DAPT), a novel translation inhibitor class that targets bacterial rRNA and exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. DAPT compounds were designed as structural mimetics of aminoglycoside antibiotics which bind to the bacterial ribosomal decoding site and thereby interfere with translational fidelity. We found that DAPT compounds bind to oligonucleotide models of decoding-site RNA, inhibit translation in vitro, and induce translation misincorporation in vivo, in agreement with a mechanism of action at the ribosomal decoding site. The novel DAPT antibacterials inhibit growth of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including the respiratory pathogen
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
, and display low toxicity to human cell lines. In a mouse protection model, an advanced DAPT compound demonstrated efficacy against an
Escherichia coli
infection at a 50% protective dose of 2.4 mg/kg of body weight by single-dose intravenous administration.
DX-619, a Novel Des-Fluoro(6) Quinolone Manifesting Low Frequency of Selection of Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
Mutants: Quinolone Resistance beyond Modification of Type II Topoisomerases
Authors: Strahilevitz Jacob , Truong-Bolduc Que Chi , Hooper David C. 
Published: November 2005

ABSTRACT

DX-619, a novel des-fluoro(6) quinolone, was 16- to 32-fold, twofold, and four- to eightfold more potent than ciprofloxacin, gemifloxacin, and garenoxacin, respectively, against wild-type
Staphylococcus aureus
. DX-619 manifested equal fourfold increases in MIC against a common
parC
mutant and a common
gyrA
mutant and selected for mutants at up to two- to fourfold its MIC, consistent with dual-targeting properties. Of the four independent single-step mutants selected, two had new single mutations in
parC
(V87F and R17H), and two shared a new
gyrA
mutation (A26V), one with an additional deletion mutation in
parE
(Δ215-7). By allelic exchange, the ParC but not the GyrA or ParE mutation was shown to be fully responsible for the resistance phenotypes, suggesting an as yet undefined mechanism of resistance operating in conjunction with type II topoisomerase mutations contributed to resistance to DX-619. Studies with purified topoisomerase IV and gyrase from
S. aureus
also showed that DX-619 had similar activity against topoisomerase IV and gyrase (50% stimulation of cleavage complexes concentration, 1.25 and 0.62 to 1.25 μg/ml, respectively). Susceptibility studies with DX-619 and an array of efflux pump substrates with and without reserpine, an inhibitor of efflux pumps, suggested that resistance in DX-619-selected mutants is affected by mechanisms other than mutations in topoisomerases or known reserpine-inhibitable pumps in
S. aureus
and thus are likely novel.
β-Lactam Resistance in
Staphylococcus aureus
Cells That Do Not Require a Cell Wall for Integrity
Authors: Fuller Elizabeth , Elmer Catherine , Nattress Fiona , Ellis Richard , Horne Glenda , Cook Peter , Fawcett Tony 
Published: November 2005

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus aureus
ATCC 9144 cells with defective cell walls were generated on a medium with elevated osmolality in the presence of sublethal levels of penicillin G. On removal of antibiotic pressure, the cells exhibited stable penicillin and methicillin resistance. The resistance was homogeneous and its acquisition was enhanced following transient cell wall-defective growth. The resistant cells were
mecA
negative, β-lactamase negative and did not contain any mutations in the coding regions of
pbp
genes. When penicillin was added back to resistant cells, they continued to grow and produced a diffuse cell wall that was resistant to the action by lysostaphin but was very sensitive to lysis with Triton X-100. These data indicate that the resistant cells are not dependent upon an intact cell wall for osmotic stability and they are able to switch readily to this mode of growth in the presence of penicillin G.