bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viscoelasticity‐Controlled Relaxation in Wrinkling Surface for Multistage Time‐Resolved Optical Information Encryption
Authors: Feng Dengchong , Guo Qi , Huang Zhenjie , Zhou Baiyang , Gong Li , Lu Shaolin , Yang Yuzhao , Yu Dingshan , Zheng Zhikun , Chen Xudong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs counterfeit techniques continue to evolve, ensuring the security of conventional “static” encryption methods becomes increasingly challenging. Here, the viscoelasticity‐controlled relaxation is introduced for the first time in a bilayer wrinkling system by regulating the density of hydrogen bond networks in polymer to construct a “dynamic” encryption material. The wrinkling surface can manipulate light during the dynamic relaxation process, exhibiting three stages with frosted glass, structural color, and mirror reflection. By regulating the viscoelasticity of skin layer through UV irradiation, the wavelength and the relaxation rate of the wrinkles can be controlled. As a result, dynamic wrinkling anti‐counterfeiting patterns and time‐resolved multistage information encryption are achieved. Crucially, the encryption material is developed as an anti‐counterfeiting label for packing boxes in daily applications, allowing the encrypted information to be activated manually and identified by naked eyes, surpassing the existing time‐resolved encryption materials in utilization potential. Besides, the dynamic hydrogen bond networks are extended to various dynamic interaction networks, demonstrating the versatility of the dynamic encryption strategy. This work not only provides an additional dimension for dynamic information encryption in daily practical use, but also offers theoretical guidance for the development of advanced optical anti‐counterfeiting and smart display materials in the future.
Clay Sculpture‐Inspired 3D Printed Microcage Module Using Bioadhesion Assembly for Specific‐Shaped Tissue Vascularization and Regeneration
Authors: Fang Huimin , Ju Jingyi , Chen Lifeng , Zhou Muran , Zhang Guo , Hou Jinfei , Jiang Wenbin , Wang Zhenxing , Sun Jiaming 
Published: March 2024

Abstract3D bioprinting techniques have enabled the fabrication of irregular large‐sized tissue engineering scaffolds. However, complicated customized designs increase the medical burden. Meanwhile, the integrated printing process hinders the cellular uniform distribution and local angiogenesis. A novel approach is introduced to the construction of sizable tissue engineering grafts by employing hydrogel 3D printing for modular bioadhesion assembly, and a poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA)‐gelatin‐dopamine (PGD) hydrogel, photosensitive and adhesive, enabling fine microcage module fabrication via DLP 3D printing is developed. The PGD hydrogel printed micocages are flexible, allowing various shapes and cell/tissue fillings for repairing diverse irregular tissue defects. In vivo experiments demonstrate robust vascularization and superior graft survival in nude mice. This assembly strategy based on scalable 3D printed hydrogel microcage module could simplify the construction of tissue with large volume and complex components, offering promise for diverse large tissue defect repairs.
Will artificial intelligence and machine learning change agriculture: A special issue
Authors: Clay David E. , Brugler Skye , Joshi Bhavna 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn agriculture, important unanswered questions about machine learning and artificial intelligence (ML/AI) include will ML/AI change how food is produced and will ML algorithms replace or partially replace farmers in the decision process. As ML/AI technologies become more accurate, they have the potential to improve profitability while reducing the impact of agriculture on the environment. However, despite these benefits, there are many adoption barriers including cost, and that farmers may be reluctant to adopt a decision tool they do not understand. The goal of this special issue is to discuss cutting‐edge research on the use of ML/AI technologies in agriculture, barriers to the adoption of these technologies, and how technologies can affect our current workforce. The papers are separated into three sections: Machine Learning within Crops, Pasture, and Irrigation; Machine Learning in Predicting Crop Disease; and Society and Policy of Machine Learning.
Association between preoperative serum zinc level and prognosis in patients with advanced esophageal cancer in the neoadjuvant treatment era
Authors: Kubo Yuto , Igaue Shota , Utsunomiya Daichi , Kubo Kentaro , Kurita Daisuke , Ishiyama Koshiro , Oguma Junya , Daiko Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundZinc (Zn), an essential trace element, has an adverse influence on the prognosis of several cancers. However, the association between the preoperative serum Zn level and outcomes in patients with advanced esophageal cancer in the current neoadjuvant treatment era remains unclear.MethodsThis study involved 185 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent R0 surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy from August 2017 to February 2021. We retrospectively investigated the relationship between the preoperative serum Zn level and the patients' outcomes.ResultsThe patients were divided into a low Zn group (<64 μg/dL) and a high Zn group (≤64 μg/dL) according to the mean preoperative serum Zn level. Low Zn had significantly worse overall survival (OS) (2‐year OS rate: 76.2% vs. 83.3% in low vs. high Zn; p = 0.044). A low Zn in pathological non‐responders (Grade ≤ 1a) was significantly associated with a shorter 2‐year recurrence‐free survival (RFS) rate (39.6% vs. 64.1% in low vs. high Zn; p = 0.032). The multivariate analysis identified low BMI and Zn level among preoperative nutritional status indices as an independent risk factor for worse RFS in non‐responders. Compared with responders, pathological non‐responders comprised significantly more males and a performance status of ≥1, and there was no difference in Zn level according to pathological response.ConclusionA preoperative low Zn level had a negative impact on early recurrence in esophageal cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This suggests the need to administer Zn supplementation to patients with esophageal cancer who have preoperative Zn deficiency.
Payload‐free protein nanoparticles target inflamed colons to restore intestinal barrier integrity for effectively treating inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Yang Mei , Shen Honglan , Zhong Suting , Xu Zongpu , Liu Xiangyu , Wu Weicheng , Mao Chuanbin , Yang Mingying 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAnti‐inflammatory compounds, delivered as a payload to the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) by carriers, still cannot treat inflammatory bowel diseases without avoiding side effects. Here, we developed payload‐free protein nanoparticles (PNPs) that crossed GIT to retain in the colon and treat colitis by restoring intestinal barrier integrity by modulating gut microbiome and metabolome. Specifically, PNPs, orally administered to mice with acute colitis, reached the colon within three hours. Consequently, PNPs improve gut microbiota dysbiosis to reverse metabolism balance, suppressing the expression of tumor‐necrosis factor α and toll‐like receptor 4 that restores the intestinal barrier integrity. PNPs then ameliorated colon inflammation and attenuated gut microbiota dysbiosis by exerting probiotic effects on gut microbiota, treating colitis in a week more effectively than the clinically often used 5‐aminosalicylic acid without causing undesired side effects. Such PNPs represent safe, sustainable, and cost‐effective therapeutics for treating inflammatory and metabolic diseases by eliminating microbial and metabolomic imbalance.
Results of a phase I trial with Haploidentical mbIL‐21 ex vivo expanded NK cells for patients with multiply relapsed and refractory AML
Authors: Ciurea Stefan O. , Kongtim Piyanuch , Srour Samer , Chen Julianne , Soebbing Doris , Shpall Elizabeth , Rezvani Katayoun , Nakkula Robin , Thakkar Aarohi , Troy Ella C. , Cash Alex A. , Behbehani Gregory , Cao Kai , Schafer Jolie , Champlin Richard E. , Lee Dean A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNatural killer (NK)‐cells have potent anti‐tumor effects, yet it remains unclear if they are effective for patients with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In a phase I clinical trial, we treated 12 patients (median age 60 years) with refractory AML (median 5 lines of prior therapy, median bone marrow blast count of 47%) with fludarabine/cytarabine followed by 6 infusions of NK‐cells expanded from haploidentical donors using K562 feeder cells expressing membrane‐bound IL21 and 4‐1BBL. Patients received 106–107/kg/dose. No toxicity or graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) was observed and MTD was not reached. Seven patients (58.3%) responded and achieved a complete remission (CR) with/without count recovery. Median time to best response was 48 days. Five responding patients proceeded to a haploidentical transplant from the same donor. After a median follow‐up of 52 months, 1‐year overall survival (OS) for the entire group was 41.7%, better for patients who responded with CR/CRi (57.14%), and for patients who responded and underwent transplantation (60%). Persistence and expansion of donor‐derived NK‐cells were identified in patients' blood, and serum IFNγ levels rose concurrently with NK cell infusions. A higher count‐functional inhibitory KIR was associated with higher likelihood of achieving CR/CRi. In conclusion, we observed a significant response to ex vivo expanded NK‐cell administration in refractory AML patients without adverse effects.
Quantifying the relationship between bone and soft tissue measures within the rhesus macaques of Cayo Santiago
Authors: Turcotte Cassandra M. , Choi Audrey M. , Spear Jeffrey K. , Hernandez‐Janer Eva M. , Taboada Hannah G. , Stock Michala K. , Villamil Catalina I. , Bauman Samuel E. ,   Cayo Biobank Research Unit, Martinez Melween I. , Brent Lauren J. N. , Snyder‐Mackler Noah , Montague Michael J. , Platt Michael L. , Williams Scott A. , Higham James P. , Antón Susan C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesInterpretations of the primate and human fossil record often rely on the estimation of somatic dimensions from bony measures. Both somatic and skeletal variation have been used to assess how primates respond to environmental change. However, it is unclear how well skeletal variation matches and predicts soft tissue. Here, we empirically test the relationship between tissues by comparing somatic and skeletal measures using paired measures of pre‐ and post‐mortem rhesus macaques from Cayo Santiago, Puerto Rico.Materials and MethodsSomatic measurements were matched with skeletal dimensions from 105 rhesus macaque individuals to investigate paired signals of variation (i.e., coefficients of variation, sexual dimorphism) and bivariate codependence (reduced major axis regression) in measures of: (1) limb length; (2) joint breadth; and (3) limb circumference. Predictive models for the estimation of soft tissue dimensions from skeletons were built from Ordinary Least Squares regressions.ResultsSomatic and skeletal measurements showed statistically equivalent coefficients of variation and sexual dimorphism as well as high epiphyses‐present ordinary least square (OLS) correlations in limb lengths (R2 >0.78, 0.82), joint breadths (R2 >0.74, 0.83) and, to a lesser extent, limb circumference (R2 >0.53, 0.68).ConclusionSkeletal measurements are good substitutions for somatic values based on population signals of variation. OLS regressions indicate that skeletal correlates are highly predictive of somatic dimensions. The protocols and regression equations established here provide a basis for reliable reconstruction of somatic dimension from catarrhine fossils and validate our ability to compare or combine results of studies based on population data of either hard or soft tissue proxies.
Nanoscale imaging of pT217‐tau in aged rhesus macaque entorhinal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex: Evidence of interneuronal trafficking and early‐stage neurodegeneration
Authors: Datta Dibyadeep , Perone Isabella , Wijegunawardana Denethi , Liang Feng , Morozov Yury M. , Arellano Jon , Duque Alvaro , Xie Zhongcong , van Dyck Christopher H. , Joyce Mary Kate P. , Arnsten Amy F. T. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONTau phosphorylated at threonine‐217 (pT217‐tau) is a novel fluid‐based biomarker that predicts onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) symptoms, but little is known about how pT217‐tau arises in the brain, as soluble pT217‐tau is dephosphorylated post mortem in humans.METHODSWe used multilabel immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy to examine the subcellular localization of early‐stage pT217‐tau in entorhinal and prefrontal cortices of aged macaques with naturally occurring tau pathology and assayed pT217‐tau levels in plasma.RESULTSpT217‐tau was aggregated on microtubules within dendrites exhibiting early signs of degeneration, including autophagic vacuoles. It was also seen trafficking between excitatory neurons within synapses on spines, where it was exposed to the extracellular space, and thus accessible to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/blood. Plasma pT217‐tau levels increased across the age span and thus can serve as a biomarker in macaques.DISCUSSIONThese data help to explain why pT217‐tau predicts degeneration in AD and how it gains access to CSF and plasma to serve as a fluid biomarker.
Light Enables the Cathodic Interface Reaction Reversibility in Solid‐State Lithium‐Oxygen Batteries
Authors: Ren Liping , Zheng Ming , Kong Fanpeng , Yu Zhenjiang , Sun Nan , Li Menglu , Liu Qingsong , Song Yajie , Dong Jidong , Qiao Jinli , Xu Nengneng , Wang Jian , Lou Shuaifeng , Jiang Zaixing , Wang Jiajun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLimited triple‐phase boundaries arising from the accumulation of solid discharge product(s) in solid‐state cathodes (SSCs) pose a challenge to high‐property solid‐state lithium‐oxygen batteries (SSLOBs). Light‐assisted SSLOBs have been gradually explored as an ingenious system; however, the fundamental mechanisms of the SSCs interface behavior remain unclear. Here, we discovered that light assistance can enhance the fast inner‐sphere charge transfer in SSCs and regulate the discharge products with spherical particles generated via the surface growth model. Moreover, the high photoelectron excitation and transportation capabilities of SSCs can retard cathodic catalytic decay by avoiding structural degradation of the cathode with a reduced charge voltage. The light‐induced SSLOBs exhibited excellent stability (170 cycles) with a low discharge–charge polarization overpotential (0.27 V). Furthermore, transparent SSLOBs with exceptional flexibility, mechanical stability, and multiform shapes were fabricated for theory‐to‐practical applications in sunlight‐induced batteries. Our study opens new opportunities for the introduction of solar energy into energy storage systems.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Cascade Heck Coupling and Allylboration of Iododiboron Compounds via Diboryl Radicals
Authors: Wei Yi , Xie Xiao‐Yu , Liu Jiabin , Liu Xiaoxiao , Zhang Bo , Chen Xin‐Yi , Li Shi‐Jun , Lan Yu , Hong Kai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGeminal bis(boronates) are versatile synthetic building blocks in organic chemistry. The fact that they predominantly serve as nucleophiles in the previous reports, however, has restrained their synthetic potential. Herein we disclose the ambiphilic reactivity of α‐halogenated geminal bis(boronates), of which the first catalytic utilization was accomplished by merging a formal Heck cross‐coupling with a highly diastereoselective allylboration of aldehydes or imines, providing a new avenue for rapid assembly of polyfunctionalized boron‐containing compounds. We demonstrated that this cascade reaction is highly efficient and compatible with various functional groups, and a wide range of heterocycles. In contrast to a classical Pd(0/II) scenario, mechanistic experiments and DFT calculations have provided strong evidence for a catalytic cycle involving Pd(I)/diboryl carbon radical intermediates.
Zur Dekarbonisierung N‐Heterocyclischer Carbene (NHCs): Die einfachen Alan‐Addukte (NHC) ⋅ AlR3 (R=H, Me, Et)
Authors: Werner Luis , Radius Udo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDie Reaktion des Amin‐stabilisierten Alans (NMe3) ⋅ AlH3 1 mit dem Rückgrat‐gesättigten N‐heterocyclischen Carben (NHC) SIDipp (SIDipp=1,3‐Bis‐{2,6‐di‐iso‐propyl‐phenyl}‐imidazolidin‐2‐yliden) bei 0 °C ergab das NHC‐stabilisierte Alan‐Addukt (SIDipp) ⋅ AlH3 2. Erhöhte Temperaturen oder verlängerte Reaktionszeiten bei Raumtemperatur führten zum Produkt einer Ringerweiterungs‐Reaktion (RER) des NHCs, (NMe3) ⋅ AlH(RER‐SIDippH2), 3 ⋅ (NMe3). Die anschließende Reaktionen mit den sterisch weniger anspruchsvollen NHCs (IMeMe {=1,3,4,5‐Tetramethyl‐imidazolin‐2‐yliden}, IiPrMe {=1,3‐Di‐iso‐propyl‐4,5‐dimethyl‐imidazolin‐2‐yliden} und IiPr {=1,3‐Di‐iso‐propyl‐imidazolin‐2‐yliden}) lieferten die NHC‐stabilisierten RER‐Produkte (NHC) ⋅ AlH(RER‐SIDippH2) 3 ⋅ (NHC) (NHC=IMeMe, IiPrMe, IiPr), während mit den sterisch anspruchsvolleren NHCs IDipp (=1,3‐Bis‐{2,6‐di‐iso‐propyl‐phenyl}‐imidazolin‐2‐yliden), SIDipp und ItBu (=1,3‐Di‐tert‐butyl‐imidazolin‐2‐yliden) keine Reaktion beobachtet wurde. Die Verbindungen 3 ⋅ (NHC) wurden ebenfalls ausgehend von (SIDipp) ⋅ AlH3 2 und NHC bei Raumtemperatur erhalten. Das Erhitzen von Lösungen von (SIDipp) ⋅ AlH3 2 ohne zusätzliche Base auf 95 °C führte unter Verlust von Ethen zu einer Dekarbonisierung des NHCs und somit zur Substitution des Carben‐Kohlenstoffatoms durch Aluminiumhydrid. Die anschließende Dimerisierung ergab cis‐[AlH{μ‐N(Dipp)CH2CH2N(Dipp)}]2 4_dimer. Das Erhitzen von Lösungen der NHC‐stabilisierten Aluminiumalkyle (SIDipp) ⋅ AlR3 2R (R=Me, Et) auf 145 °C führte stattdessen unter Freisetzung von Ethen zur vollständigen Spaltung des NHC‐Grundgerüstes und Isolierung der Dialkylaluminium(III)‐Amidinate {DippNC(R)NDipp}AlR2 5R (R=Me, Et).
The Synthesis and Reactivity of Naphthoquinonynes
Authors: de Carvalho Renato L. , Wood James M. , Almeida Renata G. , Berry Neil G. , da Silva Júnior Eufrânio N. , Bower John F. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe first systematic exploration of the synthesis and reactivity of naphthoquinonynes is described. Routes to two regioisomeric Kobayashi‐type naphthoquinonyne precursors have been developed, and the reactivity of the ensuing 6,7‐ and 5,6‐aryne intermediates has been investigated. Remarkably, these studies have revealed that a broad range of cycloadditions, nucleophile additions and difunctionalizations can be achieved while maintaining the integrity of the highly sensitive quinone unit. The methodologies offer a powerful diversity oriented approach to C6 and C7 functionalized naphthoquinones, which are typically challenging to access. From a reactivity viewpoint, the study is significant because it demonstrates that aryne‐based functionalizations can be utilized strategically in the presence of highly reactive and directly competing functionality.
Long‐cycling and High‐voltage Solid State Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by Fluorinated and Crosslinked Polyether Electrolytes
Authors: Zhu Jie , Zhao Ruiqi , Zhang Jinping , Song Xingchen , Liu Jie , Xu Nuo , Zhang Hongtao , Wan Xiangjian , Ji Xinyi , Ma Yanfeng , Li Chenxi , Chen Yongsheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSolid‐state lithium metal batteries (LMBs), constructed through the in situ fabrication of polymer electrolytes, are considered a critical strategy for the next‐generation battery systems with high energy density and enhanced safety. However, the constrained oxidation stability of polymers, such as the extensively utilized polyethers, limits their applications in high‐voltage batteries and further energy density improvements. Herein, an in situ fabricated fluorinated and crosslinked polyether‐based gel polymer electrolyte, FGPE, is presented, exhibiting a high oxidation potential (5.1 V). The fluorinated polyether significantly improves compatibility with both lithium metal and high‐voltage cathode, attributed to the electron‐withdrawing −CF3 group and the generated LiF‐rich electrolyte/electrode interphase. Consequently, the solid‐state Li||LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 batteries employing FGPE demonstrate exceptional cycling performances of 1000 cycles with 78 % retention, representing one of the best results ever reported for polymer electrolytes. Moreover, FGPE enables batteries to operate at 4.7 V, realizing the highest operating voltage of polyether‐based batteries to date. Notably, our designed in situ FGPE provides the solid‐state batteries with exceptional cycling stability even at practical conditions, including high cathode loading (21 mg cm−2) and industry‐level 18650‐type cylindrical cells (1.3 Ah, 500 cycles). This work provides critical insights into the development of oxidation‐stable polymer electrolytes and the advancement of practical high‐voltage LMBs.
How to Decarbonize N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs): The simple Alane Adducts (NHC) ⋅ AlR3 (R=H, Me, Et)
Authors: Werner Luis , Radius Udo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe reaction of the amine‐stabilized alane (NMe3) ⋅ AlH3 1 with the backbone‐saturated N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) SIDipp (SIDipp=1,3‐bis‐{2,6‐di‐iso‐propyl‐phenyl}‐imidazolidin‐2‐ylidene) at 0 °C yielded the NHC alane adduct (SIDipp) ⋅ AlH3 2. Reaction at elevated temperatures or prolonged reaction at room temperature gave the product of a ring expansion reaction (RER) of the NHC, (NMe3) ⋅ AlH(RER‐SIDippH2) 3 ⋅ (NMe3). Subsequent reaction of the latter with sterically less hindered NHCs (IMeMe {=1,3,4,5‐tetramethyl‐imidazolin‐2‐ylidene}, IiPrMe {=1,3‐di‐iso‐propyl‐4,5‐dimethyl‐imidazolin‐2‐ylidene}, and IiPr {=1,3‐di‐iso‐propyl‐imidazolin‐2‐ylidene}) afforded the NHC‐stabilized RER‐products (NHC) ⋅ AlH(RER‐SIDippH2) 3 ⋅ (NHC) (NHC=IMeMe, IiPrMe, IiPr), while no reaction was observed with the sterically more demanding NHCs IDipp (=1,3‐bis‐{2,6‐di‐iso‐propyl‐phenyl}‐imidazolin‐2‐ylidene), SIDipp and ItBu (=1,3‐di‐tert‐butyl‐imidazolin‐2‐ylidene). The compounds 3 ⋅ (NHC) were also obtained starting from (SIDipp) ⋅ AlH3 2 and NHC at room temperature. Heating solutions of (SIDipp) ⋅ AlH3 2 without additional base to 95 °C resulted in decarbonization of the NHC and substitution of the carbene carbon atom with aluminum hydride under loss of ethene. Subsequent dimerization afforded cis‐[AlH{μ‐N(Dipp)CH2CH2N(Dipp)}]2 4_dimer. Heating solutions of the NHC‐ligated aluminum alkyls (SIDipp) ⋅ AlR3 2R (R=Me, Et) to 145 °C instead led to complete scission of the NHC backbone with evolution of ethene and isolation of the dialkylaluminium(III) amidinates {DippNC(R)NDipp}AlR2 5R (R=Me, Et).
Investigation of advanced biological properties of carbon, carbon‐boron quantum dots, and copper (II) phthalocyanine nanoconjugates
Authors: Özçeşmeci Mukaddes , Gümrükçü Selin , Ünlü Caner , Coşkun İbrahim Yağız , Özdemir Sadin , Yalçın M. Serkan , Tollu Gülşah , Özçeşmeci İbrahim 
Published: March 2024

Non‐peripherally, glycerol terminal groups substituted copper (II) phthalocyanine were non‐covalently (electrostatic and/or π–π interaction) attached to carbon (CQD) and carbon‐boron quantum dots (CBQD) to form QDs‐Pc nanoconjugate systems. Synthesized novel phthalocyanine compounds and QDs‐Pc conjugate systems were characterized using different spectroscopic techniques. Various biological assessments were applied to newly synthesized compounds. Conjugates 4 and 5 had a maximal free radical scavenging activity of 71.3% and 68.1% at a 100 mg/L concentration. Compounds exhibited high antidiabetic activities at 200 mg/L. Also, compounds showed significant DNA nuclease activity at all tested concentrations. The most efficient MIC value was obtained as 4 mg/L against Enterococcus hirae and Enterococcus feacalis. This MIC value was further decreased after photodynamic therapy, and it was observed that the antimicrobial effects of the compounds increased. Inhibition of microbial cell viability was obtained as 100% for all compounds. In addition, compounds exerted perfect biofilm inhibitory effects.