bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ CHATGPT У ПУБЛІЧНІЙ СЛУЖБІ: НЕДОЛІКИ ТА ПЕРЕВАГИ
Authors: Казаков Геннадій 
Published: April 2024

Стаття присвячена проблемі застосування алгоритму штучного інтелекту ChatGPT у професійній діяльності публічними службовцями. Сьогодні штучний інтелект набуває все більшої популярності, через що неможливо не допустити його використання у діяльності особами різних професій. Тому постає вимога – створити рекомендації, які б дозволили найефективніше використовувати алгоритми штучного інтелекту, при цьому не зробивши людей залежними від нього. Результати дослідження отримані за рахунок практичної перевірки різних функціональних завдань через штучний інтелект, а саме версії ChatGPT 3.5 від OpenAI. Досліджено міжнародні та українські нормативно-правові акти, які регулюють діяльність та використання штучного інтелекту та визначено, що сьогодні Україна лише починає напрацьовувати законодавчу базу у даній сфері.
Виявлено основні напрямки застосування алгоритму, такі як сприяння генерації ідей, пошук інформації та підготовка чернеток. Зазначено, що ChatGPT може виявитися корисним при обробці великих обсягів інформації, пошуку зміненого тексту, а також в інших аспектах роботи з великим обсягом даних. Вказано, що чат-бот може стати свого роду освітнім хабом, який дозволяє швидко отримати стислу інформацію з нагальних питань.
Водночас, для ChatGPT характерна низка недоліків: «галюциназія нейромережі», обмежений обсяг генерованого тексту, потреба у попередніх поясненнях, залежність користувача від алгоритму тощо, виствітлюючи які автор приходить до висновків, що ChatGPT в реаліях сьогодення не спроможний замінити публічних службовців, а може бути використаний тільки у якості допоміжного інструменту для пришвидшення виконання деяких рутинних завдань. Автор вбачає його радше як інструмент оптимізації роботи, підкреслюючи важливість збереження гуманітарного підходу та контролю за діяльністю штучного інтелекту у сфері публічної служби.
FINANCIAL PLANNING AS AN ELEMENT OF SUBSTANTIATION OF BUSINESS DECISIONS IN THE FACE OF EXISTING RISK AND THE USE OF INSURANCE AS A METHOD OF REDUCING THE DEGREE OF RISK
Authors: BRATIUK Vira , FEIER Oksana 
Published: April 2024

Financial planning is a key element in justifying business decisions in the face of risk. It is a systematic process of developing future financial commitments and goals based on an assessment of the current financial position and capabilities. The main goal of financial planning is to ensure optimal use of resources, maximize profitability and ensure financial stability. In times of crisis, financial planning becomes even more important as it allows businesses to adapt to changing conditions and make informed decisions to maintain financial stability.
By analyzing the current state and forecasting financial flows, an enterprise can effectively respond to possible risks and influence its future. The use of insurance as a method of reducing the degree of risk is becoming an integral part of financial planning. By identifying potential threats and choosing appropriate insurance policies, a company ensures financial security against negative events. This helps to reduce financial losses in the event of unforeseen events, such as natural disasters or material damage.
Research shows that financial planning plays a key role in making sound business decisions, especially in high-risk environments. They highlight the methods and tools of financial planning that allow businesses to adapt to changing conditions and effectively manage risks. They also emphasize the importance of insurance measures in mitigating various types of risk, from property loss to financial risks. These studies and publications provide a valuable contribution to the understanding of the relationship between financial planning and insurance, which helps enterprises to rationally address financial challenges and effectively manage risks.
Thus, financial planning and the use of insurance together help enterprises to effectively manage risks and make sound business decisions.
Generation and applications of synthetic computed tomography images for neurosurgical planning
Authors: Tan Yiheng , Patel Ruchit V. , Wang Zongming , Luo Yu , Chen Jinping , Luo Jie , Chen Wenli , Mao Zhigang , Huang Raymond Y. , Wang Haijun , Bi Wenya Linda , Yao Shun 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE
CT and MRI are synergistic in the information provided for neurosurgical planning. While obtaining both types of images lends unique data from each, doing so adds to cost and exposes patients to additional ionizing radiation after MRI has been performed. Cross-modal synthesis of high-resolution CT images from MRI sequences offers an appealing solution. The authors therefore sought to develop a deep learning conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) which performs this synthesis.

METHODS
Preoperative paired CT and contrast-enhanced MR images were collected for patients with meningioma, pituitary tumor, vestibular schwannoma, and cerebrovascular disease. CT and MR images were denoised, field corrected, and coregistered. MR images were fed to a cGAN that exported a "synthetic" CT scan. The accuracy of synthetic CT images was assessed objectively using the quantitative similarity metrics as well as by clinical features such as sella and internal auditory canal (IAC) dimensions and mastoid/clinoid/sphenoid aeration.

RESULTS
A total of 92,981 paired CT/MR images obtained in 80 patients were used for training/testing, and 10,068 paired images from 10 patients were used for external validation. Synthetic CT images reconstructed the bony skull base and convexity with relatively high accuracy. Measurements of the sella and IAC showed a median relative error between synthetic CT scans and ground truth images of 6%, with greater variability in IAC reconstruction compared with the sella. Aerations in the mastoid, clinoid, and sphenoid regions were generally captured, although there was heterogeneity in finer air cell septations. Performance varied based on pathology studied, with the highest limitation observed in evaluating meningiomas with intratumoral calcifications or calvarial invasion.

CONCLUSIONS
The generation of high-resolution CT scans from MR images through cGAN offers promise for a wide range of applications in cranial and spinal neurosurgery, especially as an adjunct for preoperative evaluation. Optimizing cGAN performance on specific anatomical regions may increase its clinical viability.
The impact of social determinants of health on utilization of pediatric epilepsy surgery: a systematic review
Authors: Winterhalter Emily , LoPresti Melissa A. , Widjaja Elysa , Mohapatra Aman , Shlobin Nathan A. , Zhang Lu , Lam Sandi 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE
A minority of pediatric patients who may benefit from epilepsy surgery receive it. The reasons for this utilization gap are complex and not completely understood. Patient and caregiver social determinants of health (SDOH) may impact which patients undergo surgery and when. The authors conducted a systematic review examining SDOH and surgical intervention in children with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). They aimed to understand which factors influenced time to surgical program referral or receipt of epilepsy surgery among children with DRE, as well as identify areas to characterize the SDOH impacting epilepsy surgery in children and guide efforts aimed to promote health equity in epilepsy.

METHODS
A systematic review was conducted using the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases in January 2022. Studies were analyzed by title and abstract, then full text, to identify all studies examining the impact of SDOH on utilization of epilepsy surgery. Studies meeting inclusion criteria were analyzed for SDOH examined, outcomes, and key findings. Quality was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system.

RESULTS
Of 4545 resultant articles, 18 were included. Studies examined social, cultural, and environmental factors that contributed to SDOH impacting epilepsy surgery. Patients who underwent surgical evaluation were found to be most commonly White and privately insured and have college-educated caregivers. Five studies found differences in time to referral/surgery or rates of surgery by racial group, with most finding an increased time to referral/surgery or lower rates of surgery for those who were Hispanic and/or non-White. Four studies found that private insurance was associated with higher surgical utilization. Three studies found higher household income was related to surgical utilization. No studies examined biological, psychological, or behavioral factors that contributed to SDOH impacting epilepsy surgery.

CONCLUSIONS
The authors conducted a systematic review exploring the impact of SDOH in DRE surgery utilization. They found that race, ethnicity, insurance type, caregiver educational attainment, and household income demonstrate relationships with pediatric epilepsy surgery. Further study is necessary to understand how these factors, and others not identified in this study, contribute to the low rates of utilization of epilepsy surgery and potential target areas for interventions aiming to increase equity in access to epilepsy surgery in children.
Resection of intradural spinal lesions with concomitant instrumented fusion in children: a systematic review and representative cases
Authors: Prather Kiana Y. , Baier Matthew P. , Coulibaly Nangorgo J. , Stephens Mark E. , Chen Sixia , Omini Michael E. , Jea Andrew 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE
More than one-third of pediatric patients who undergo resection of intradural spine lesions develop progressive postoperative deformity, with as many as half of these patients subsequently requiring surgical fusion. Intradural spinal procedures with simultaneous instrumented fusion in children, however, are infrequently performed. Moreover, the rationale for patient selection, outcomes, and safety of this single-stage surgery in children has not been systematically investigated. In this study, the authors review the practice of simultaneous intradural spinal resection and instrumented fusion in pediatric patients and provide two representative case examples from their institution.

METHODS
The authors searched the PubMed and Embase databases and performed a systematic review following the PRISMA protocol. Original articles of pediatric patients (age ≤ 18 years) who underwent intradural spine surgery, regardless of pathology, with concomitant instrumented fusion and reported outcomes were included. An institutional database of all spinal operations with instrumented fusion performed in patients aged ≤ 18 years over a 3-year period was screened to identify those who underwent intradural spine surgery with concomitant fusion.

RESULTS
Nine patients (median age 12 years) from 6 studies who underwent intradural lesion resection and concomitant fusion met inclusion criteria. Among all 11 patients included, primary rationales for concomitant fusion were extensive bone removal (i.e., corpectomy or total facetectomy, 73%), concerns for deformity in the setting of multilevel laminectomy/laminoplasty (18%), and severe baseline deformity (9%). The most represented pathology was neurenteric cyst (55%) followed by schwannoma (18%). Myxopapillary ependymoma, granular cell tumor, and pilocytic astrocytoma each were seen in 1 case. Seven patients (64%) underwent an anterior-approach corpectomy, tumor resection, and fusion, while the remaining 4 patients (36%) underwent a posterior approach. All patients with at least 1 year of follow-up cases achieved bony fusion. CSF leak and new-onset neurological deficit each occurred in 9% (1/11).

CONCLUSIONS
The rationales for performing single-stage intradural resection and fusion in pediatric patients in studies to date include the presence of severe baseline deformity, large extent of bone resection, and multilevel laminectomy/laminoplasty across cervicothoracic or thoracolumbar junctions. As current literature involving this cohort is limited, more data are needed to determine when concomitant fusion in intradural resections is appropriate in pediatric patients and whether its routine implementation is safe or beneficial.
EDUKASI IBU HAMIL DAN IBU DENGAN BALITA MELALUI SOSIALISASI PENCEGAHAN STUNTING
Authors: Rhasiqah Dwiana Amalia 
Published: April 2024

Abstrak: Stunting atau pertumbuhan fisik yang terhambat pada anak yang bersifat irreversible, menjadi isu kesehatan yang serius di sejumlah negara berkembang, termasuk di dalamnya Indonesia. Untuk mengurangi prevalensi stunting, diperlukan upaya pencegahan melalui kegiatan yang intensif. Kegiatan tersebut bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan pengetahuan sasaran terkait stunting pada anak. Pengabdian dilakukan oleh mahasiswa tim KKN Desa Tegaldlimo dengan metode sosialisasi tentang stunting melalui media power point dan sesi tanya jawab. Peserta kegiatan sosialisasi adalah 66 dari 75 peserta yang telah diundang terdiri dari ibu yang memiliki balita, ibu yang sedang hamil, dan kader kesehatan. Evaluasi kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa semua indikator keberhasilan telah terpenuhi, dengan kehadiran peserta mencapai ≥75% dari total undangan yang disebarkan, serta peningkatan pengetahuan peserta berdasarkan hasil pre-test (49%) dan post-test (65,3%) yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya.Abstract: Stunting or stunted physical growth in children that is irreversible, has become a serious health issue in a number of developing countries, including Indonesia. To reduce the prevalence of stunting, prevention efforts through intensive activities are needed. The activity aims to increase understanding and knowledge of targets related to stunting in children. The service was carried out by students of the Tegaldlimo Village KKN team with socialization methods about stunting through power point media and question and answer sessions. The participants of the socialization activity were 66 out of 75 participants who had been invited consisting of mothers who had toddlers, mothers who were pregnant, and health cadres. The evaluation of this activity shows that all success indicators have been met, with the attendance of participants reaching ≥75% of the total invitations distributed, as well as increasing participants' knowledge based on the results of the pre-test (49%) and post-test (65.3%) that have been carried out previously.
Pengaruh Likuiditas Profitabilitas dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Harga Saham Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Subsektor Makanan dan Minuman Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2016-2020
Authors: Paisa Deiske Natasha , Nurmala Nurmala , Lilianti Emma 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

This research is a quantitative descriptive study that aims to test the hypotheses of the analysis of liquidity, profitability and firm size on stock prices in food and beverage sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2020. The information used is secondary information, the population in this study is 25 companies that report financial statements of the food and beverage sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). In this study, the authors used a sample of 13 companies' financial statements that met the criteria in the study. The sampling technique used is purposive examining. The analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS 20 programming for windows.The results of the hypothesis test conclude that partially the liquidity variable has no effect on the stock price of 0.469 > 0.05, the profitability variable has no significant effect on the stock price of 0.451 > 0.05, the firm size variable has a significant effect on the stock price of 0.006 < 0.05 and it can be concluded that simultaneously there is an influence between the variables of liquidity, profitability and firm size on stock prices of 0.034 <0.05.

Keywords: Liquidity, Profitability, Company Size and Stock Price.

ABSTRAK

Tinjauan ini merupakan tinjauan kuantitatif yang jelas yang dimaksudkan untuk menguji spekulasi pemeriksaan likuiditas, produktivitas dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap biaya persediaan pada organisasi fabrikasi sub-area makanan dan minuman yang tercatat pada perdagangan saham Indonesia tahun 2016-2020. Informasi yang digunakan adalah informasi tambahan, populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 25 organisasi yang melaporkan ringkasan anggaran sub area makanan dan minuman yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Dalam studi ini, pembuat menggunakan contoh ringkasan fiskal 13 organisasi yang memenuhi aturan dalam tinjauan. Strategi pengujian yang digunakan adalah purposive inspecting. Prosedur ilmiah yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kekambuhan langsung yang berbeda dengan bantuan program SPSS 20 for windows.
Konsekuensi dari uji spekulasi menduga bahwa agaknya variabel likuiditas mempengaruhi biaya saham sebesar 0,469 > 0,05, variabel produktivitas mempengaruhi biaya saham sebesar 0,451 > 0,05, variabel ukuran perusahaan secara fundamental mempengaruhi biaya saham sebesar 0,006 < 0,05 dan cenderung disimpulkan bahwa secara keseluruhan terdapat pengaruh antara faktor likuiditas, manfaat dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap biaya saham sebesar 0,034 < 0,05.

Kata kunci: Likuditas, Profitabilitas, Ukuran Perusahaan dan Harga Saham.
Analisis Pengelolaan dan Upaya Pencairan Piutang Pajak Bumi Bangunan Perdesaan dan Perkotaan (PBB-P2) Untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) Kota Palembang (Studi kasus Badan Pengelola Pajak Daerah Kota Palembang)
Authors: Jayanti Desi , Arifin Mohammad Aryo , Putra Panca Satria 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
This study means to break down the administration of Rural and Urban Land and Building Tax receivables at the Palembang City Regional Tax Management Agency and to examine the endeavors made by the Palembang City Regional Tax Management Agency in dispensing Rural and Urban Land and Building Tax receivables to increment Regional Original Income. This exploration was led utilizing subjective elucidating examination technique and information were gathered through perception, meetings and documentation. Provincial and Urban Land and Building Tax report information (PBB-P2) in light of the nature of receivables, in particular: current quality, unacceptable quality, and far fetched quality in 2019,2020, 2021 with realities and conditions at the Palembang City Regional Tax Management Agency. The outcomes showed that the administration of Rural and Urban Land and Building Tax receivables at the Regional Tax Management Agency of Palembang City had been completed well, however for endeavors to dispense Rural and Urban Land and Building Tax receivables (PBB-P2) which were arranged in view of the nature of the receivables, in particular current quality, inadequate quality, and dicey quality has not been done ideally by the Palembang City Regional Tax Management Agency.

Keywords: Receivable Management, Receivable Disbursement Efforts, Rural and Urban Land and Building Taxes

ABSTRAK

Riset ini bertujuan buat mengkaji administrasi Piutang Pajak Bumi serta Bangunan Perdesaan serta Perkotaan pada Tubuh Pengelola Pajak Wilayah Kota Palembang serta buat menjabarkan upaya- upaya yang dicoba oleh Tubuh Pengelola Pajak Wilayah Kota Palembang dalam pencairan piutang Pajak Bumi serta Bangunan Perdesaan serta Perkotaan kepada tingkatkan Pemasukan Asli Wilayah. Eksplorasi ini ditunjukan memakai strategi investigasi pencerahan subjektif serta data dikumpulkan lewat anggapan, pertemuan serta dokumentasi. Data Laporan Pajak Bumi serta Bangunan Perdesaan serta Perkotaan (PBB- P2) bersumber pada watak piutang, spesialnya: mutu dikala ini, mutu tidak bisa diterima, serta mutu jauh di 2019, 2020, 2021 dengan realitas serta keadaan di Pajak Wilayah Kota Palembang Tubuh Pengelola. Hasil riset menampilkan kalau penatausahaan piutang Pajak Bumi serta Bangunan Perdesaan serta Perkotaan pada Tubuh Pengelola Pajak Wilayah Kota Palembang sudah dicoba dengan baik, tetapi buat upaya pencairan piutang Pajak Bumi serta Bangunan Perdesaan serta Perkotaan (PBB- P2) yang diisyarati mengingat watak piutang, spesialnya mutu mudah, mutu yang tidak mencukupi, serta mutu yang dibuat-buat belum dituntaskan secara sempurna oleh Tubuh Pengelola Pajak Wilayah Kota Palembang.

Kata kunci: Pengelolaan Piutang, Upaya Pencairan Piutang, Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan Perdesaan dan Perkotaan.
Pengaruh Jaminan, Profitabilitas Dan Laporan Berkelanjutan Terhadap Nilai Pasar Pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Pertambangan Minyak Dan Gas Bumi Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2016-2020
Authors: Yolanda Popi , Sudiyanto Totok , Oktariansyah Oktariansyah 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menguji apakah sertifikasi membuat perbedaan besar (X1), Produktivitas (X2), dan laporan dukungan (X3) tersedia nilai organisasi sub-area pertambangan migas yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Pemeriksaan ini melibatkan Teknik Kuantitatif dimana seluruh contoh dan populasi diambil dari seluruh organisasi pertambangan migas yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2020 melalui situs otoritas Bursa Efek Indonesia www.idx.co.id. Prosedur pemeriksaan menggunakan pemeriksaan purposive dan strategi penyelidikan informasi menggunakan tes yang mengevaluasi keseluruhan model, pemeriksaan koefisien jaminan, uji kemungkinan model kambuh, investigasi kambuh yang dihitung dan pengujian spekulasi. Konsekuensi dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penjaminan (X1) mempengaruhi harga pasar yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai koefisien relaps - 21,937 dan nilai yang sangat besar yaitu 0,999. Produktivitas (X2) secara bermakna mempengaruhi penghargaan pasar. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai koefisien relaps sebesar -1,990 dan nilai sig sebesar 0,086. Manageability report (X3) berpengaruh terhadap market esteem. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai koefisien relaps sebesar 0,271 dan nilai sig sebesar 0,090.

Kata Kunci: Jaminan, Profitabilitas, Laporan Berkelanjutan dan Nilai Pasar

ABSTRACT

This study aims to test whether guarantees have a significant effect (X1), profitability (X2), and supportability reports (X3) on the market value of oil and gas sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study uses a quantitative method in which all samples and population are taken from all oil and gas mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2020 through the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange www.idx.co.id. The sampling technique used purposive examining and information analysis techniques using assessment tests of all models, analysis of the coefficient of determination, regression model feasibility test, logistic regression analysis and hypothesis testing. The results of this study indicate that collateral (X1) has no significant effect on the market value listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This is evidenced by the value of the regression coefficient - 21.937 and a significance value of 0.999. Profitability (X2) has no significant effect on market value. This is evidenced by the value of the regression coefficient - 1.990 and a sig value of 0.986. Sustainability report (X3) has no significant effect on market value. This is evidenced by the regression coefficient value of 0.271 and a sig value of 0.090.

Keywords: Guarantee, Profitability, Sustainability Report, and Market Value
The World Order at a Crossroads. The American Debate
Authors: Barša Pavel 
Published: April 2024

G. John Ikenberry: Liberal Leviathan. The Origins, Crisis, and Transformation of the American World Order. 1st ed. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2011, 392 stran, ISBN 978-0-691-12558-9.
Robert Kagan: The World America Made. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2012, 149 stran, ISBN 978-0-307-96131-0.
Henry A. Kissinger: The World Order. Reflections on the Character of Nations and the Course of History. 1st ed. New York: Penguin Press, 2014, 432 stran, ISBN 978-1-594-20614-6.
Charles A. Kupchan: No One’s World. The West, the Rising Rest, and the Coming Global Turn. 1st ed. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, 272 stran, ISBN 978-0-199-73939-4.