bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction of glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase in the light‐induced rod alpha‐transducin translocation
Authors: Chen Junping , Wu Mingyuan , Sezate Steven A. , Matsumoto Hiro , Ramsey Matthew , McGinnis James F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe light‐dependent subcellular translocation of rod alpha‐transducin (GNAT‐1, or rod Tα) has been well documented. In dark‐adapted animals, rod Tα (rTα) is predominantly located in the rod outer segment (ROS) and translocates into the rod inner segment (RIS) upon exposure to the light. Neither the molecular participants nor the mechanism(s) involved in this protein trafficking are known. We hypothesized that other proteins must interact with rTα to affect the translocations. Using the MBP‐rTα fusion pulldown assay, the yeast two‐hybrid assay and the co‐immunoprecipitation assay, we identified glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and rTα as interacting proteins. Immunoprecipitation also showed β‐actin associates with rTα in the dark but not in the light. To further investigate the involvement of GAPDH in light‐induced rod Tα translocation, GAPDH mRNA was knocked down in vivo by transient expression of siRNAs in rat photoreceptor cells. Under completely dark‐ and light‐adapted conditions, the translocation of rTα was not significantly different within the ‘GAPDH knock‐down photoreceptor cells’ compared to the non‐transfected control cells. However, under partial dark‐adaptation, rTα translocated more slowly in the ‘GAPDH knock‐down cells’ supporting the conclusion that GAPDH is involved in rTα translocation from the RIS to the ROS during dark adaptation.
Multiple roles of midline dorsal thalamic nuclei in induction and spread of limbic seizures
Authors: Bertram Edward H. , Zhang DeXing , Williamson John M. 
Published: November 2007

Summary
Purpose: Studies have suggested that the medial dorsal nucleus of the thalamus plays a role in the behavioral expression of limbic seizures, but it is unclear whether this region is a key component for the primary seizure circuitry or a path for seizure spread from one region to another. This study was undertaken to determine the potential role of this region in limbic seizure activity.
Methods: Adult male rats received kindling stimulation either under urethane anesthesia or while awake. Glutamate or its agonists or the GABA antagonist bicuculline or agonist muscimol were infused into the medial dorsal nucleus. In another series, kindling acquisition was compared among three thalamic sites as well as with the amygdala and hippocampus
Results: Drugs that enhanced excitatory drive or blocked GABA resulted in significant prolongation of electrographic seizure activity compared to saline infused controls. Enhanced GABA activity resulted in a significant reduction of seizure duration. Infusion of the compounds lateral to the medial dorsal nucleus did not affect seizure duration. In the kindling studies the medial dorsal region is the only thalamic nucleus from which hippocampal seizures can be induced, but with an elevated afterdischarge threshold compared to the two limbic sites. However, the seizures generalized more rapidly from the medial dorsal region.
Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the medial dorsal nucleus and other dorsal midline nuclei have a significant role in the primary seizure circuits of limbic seizures as well as in spread of seizure activity to other regions.
Epilepsy as part of the phenotype associated with ATP1A2 mutations
Authors: Deprez Liesbet , Weckhuysen Sarah , Peeters Katelijne , Deconinck Tine , Claeys Kristl G. , Claes Lieve R.F. , Suls Arvid , Van Dyck Tine , Palmini André , Matthijs Gert , Van Paesschen Wim , De Jonghe Peter 
Published: November 2007

Summary
Purpose: Mutations in the ATP1A2 gene have been described in families with familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM). FHM is a variant of migraine with aura characterized by the occurrence of hemiplegia during the aura. Within several FHM families, some patients also had epileptic seizures. In this study we tested the hypothesis that mutations in ATP1A2 may be common in patients presenting with epilepsy and migraine.
Methods: We selected 20 families with epilepsy and migraine and performed mutation analysis of ATP1A2 in the probands by direct sequencing of all exons and splice‐site junctions.
Results: Novel ATP1A2 mutations were found in two of the 20 families (10%). The p.Gly900Arg mutation was present in a family with epilepsy and FHM, and the p.Cys702Tyr mutation occurred in a family with occipitotemporal epilepsy and migraine with and without visual aura. In the two families together, six mutation carriers had the combination of epilepsy and migraine, two had only epilepsy, and six had only migraine.
Discussion: This study shows that a history of migraine and a family history of both epilepsy and migraine should be obtained in all patients presenting with epilepsy in the epilepsy clinic. It may be worthwhile to screen patients with a combination of epilepsy and migraine and a positive family history of either migraine or epilepsy for mutations in the ATP1A2 gene.
Molecular background of EPM1—Unverricht–Lundborg disease
Authors: Joensuu Tarja , Lehesjoki Anna‐Elina , Kopra Outi 
Published: November 2007

Summary Unverricht–Lundborg disease (EPM1) is an autosomal recessively inherited neurodegenerative disorder and the most common single cause of progressive myoclonus epilepsy worldwide. Mutations in the gene encoding cystatin B (CSTB), a cysteine protease inhibitor, are responsible for the primary defect underlying EPM1. Here, progress toward understanding the molecular mechanisms in EPM1 is reviewed. We summarize the current knowledge about the CSTB gene and mutations as well as the cellular biology of the CSTB protein with emphasis on data emerging from analysis of EPM1 patients. We shed light on the disease mechanisms of EPM1 based on characterization of the CSTB‐deficient mouse model.
Neonatal seizure detection using multichannel display of envelope trend
Authors: Abend Nicholas S. , Dlugos Dennis , Herman Susan 
Published: November 2007

Summary We aimed to determine whether analysis of EEG envelope trend aids bedside detection of neonatal seizures. Five neonatal EEGs with multiple seizures were used to determine optimal trend parameters for seizure detection. Using these parameters, envelope trends were generated on eight additional EEGs, evaluated by experienced and inexperienced users, and compared to traditional EEG interpretation. Seizures were best detected using envelope trend of 2–6 Hz activity over 20‐s epochs. Experienced and inexperienced users identified 88% and 55% of prolonged seizures, respectively, 40% and 6% of brief seizures, and 20% and 0% of slowly evolving seizures. All users identified less than two false positives per hour. Thus, an experienced envelope trend user accurately identified longer seizures but did not identify brief or slowly evolving seizures. Less experienced users were less accurate. Trending may be a useful tool for seizure detection in some neonates.
Lower Extremity Motor Performance and Body Mass Index in Elderly People: The Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging
Authors: Sergi Giuseppe , Perissinotto Egle , Toffanello Elena D. , Maggi Stefania , Manzato Enzo , Buja Alessandra , Coin Alessandra , Frigo Anna C. , Inelmen Emine M. , Enzi Giuliano ,   for the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging Working Group
Published: November 2007

OBJECTIVES: To test the association between body mass index (BMI) and lower extremity motor performance in elderly people.DESIGN: Multicenter, cross‐sectional, observational study.SETTING: A sample of individuals aged 65 and older recruited for the baseline survey of the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging.PARTICIPANTS: Two thousand six hundred seventy‐two individuals (1,436 men, 1,236 women) independent with transfers and toileting and independent or requiring assistance for bathing or dressing.MEASUREMENTS: Motor function was assessed using a Motor Performance Test (MPT), with a set of six tasks exploring lower extremity performance (LEP): rising once from a chair, turning in a half circle, tandem walking, standing on one leg, stair climbing, and walking 5 m.RESULTS: The highest prevalence rates of difficulty in performing the tasks occurred in men and women, respectively, in tandem walking (14%, 28%), stair climbing (17.0%, 43%) and walking 5 m (15%, 30%). In both sexes, moderate (men: odds ratio (OR)=1.99, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.16–3.43; women OR=2.07, 95% CI=1.18–3.65) and severe obesity (men: OR=3.45, 95% CI=1.21–9.89; women: OR=3.16, 95% CI=1.43–6.95) were each independently associated with overall motor performance impairment after adjusting for age, smoking, and comorbidity. Best performance was generally observed in the normal‐weight and overweight groups.CONCLUSION: The results confirm that, in both sexes, overweight is not related to motor impairment. Only in women, low BMI is associated with higher probability of overall motor performance impairment. These data suggest that moderate obesity should be distinguished from severe obesity when assessing the relationship between BMI and LEP.
Natural History of Decline in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Performance over the 10 Years Preceding the Clinical Diagnosis of Dementia: A Prospective Population‐Based Study
Authors: Pérès Karine , Helmer Catherine , Amieva Hélène , Orgogozo Jean‐Marc , Rouch Isabelle , Dartigues Jean‐François , Barberger‐Gateau Pascale 
Published: November 2007

OBJECTIVES: To study the subtle changes in instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) over the 10 years preceding the clinical diagnosis of dementia.DESIGN: Prospective cohort designed in 1988 to study cerebral and functional aging.SETTING: Community‐based study in southwestern France.PARTICIPANTS: The sample included 104 incident cases of dementia at the 10‐year follow‐up (T10) and 882 subjects free of dementia at the same visit, all forming part of the PAQUID Study.MEASUREMENTS: Restriction in four IADLs was studied (telephone, transportation, medication, and finances) 2, 5, 7, and 10 years before the T10 visit.RESULTS: The future dementia cases had greater IADL restrictions 10 years before the clinical diagnosis of dementia and more‐rapid functional deterioration over time. Controlled for age, sex, and education, subjects restricted in at least two IADLs at baseline had a higher risk of dementia 10 years later (odds ratio (OR)=2.59, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.24–5.38). In finances, difficulty at baseline was a predictor of dementia 10 years later (OR=2.15, 95% CI=1.13–4.08).CONCLUSION: This study is the first to show that, 10 years before the clinical diagnosis of dementia, subjects who later developed dementia performed worse in complex activities of daily living, which may constitute an early marker of the disease. In practice, restriction in IADLs may be a simple and useful tool for screening subjects at risk of developing dementia in the long term.
Genital Warts Treated By Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Kacerovska Denisa , Pizinger Karel , Kumpova Magda , Cetkovska Petra 
Published: November 2007

The patient, a 30‐year‐old man with numerous genital condylomata acuminata (CA), has had unsuccessful treatment with liquid nitrogen, 20% podophyllin, and repeated 0.5% podophyllotoxin solution with 5% imiquimod (Figure 1). Before the appearance of CA, he experienced acute orchiepididimitis and a Candida infection. The patient was immunologically examined, and the lower level of lymphocytes, slightly reduced level of IgM, and C4 complement were revealed. Results from a human immunodeficiency virus examination were negative. After the therapeutic failure mentioned above, photodynamic therapy (PDT) was initiated using 20% aminolevulinic acid (5‐ALA) in a gel. The photosensitizer was applied to lesions and 10 mm of surrounding skin in a 1‐mm‐thick layer under occlusive dressing for 3 hours and then removed with saline and nonwoven gauze. The site was immediately irradiated with noncoherent red light with an emission spectrum of 580 to 680 nm wavelength (Medeikonos PDT‐Model 200, Medeikonos AB, Sweden). The total light dose was 50 J/cm2; light intensity ranged from 70 to 90 mW/cm2. Because of persistent fluorescence during photodynamic therapy, the treatment was repeated 10 times in 2‐week intervals with a follow‐up of 1, 3, and 6 months after its completion. After the last PDT treatment, the persistent fluorescence disappeared completely. The absence of fluorescence corresponded with a healed clinical finding without scarring and pigmentation (Figure 2). The period from the initiation of PDT to the consolidation of CA was 22 weeks. During PDT treatment, the patient felt only mild burning, which disappeared after the illumination stopped. Six months after the therapy, there were no signs of recurrent disease. Condylomata acuminata before photodynamic therapy. image Clinical finding 6 months following photodynamic therapy. image
Posttraumatic Lipoma: Fact or Fiction?
Authors: Aust Matthias C. , Spies Marcus , Kall Susanne , Jokuszies Andreas , Gohritz Andreas , Vogt Peter 
Published: November 2007

Background.

Both trauma and lipomas are a common occurrence in surgical practice. Lipomas are usually benign adipose tumors with as‐yet unexplained pathogenesis and etiology. A link between soft tissue trauma and the formation of lipomas has been described, with the latter being named posttraumatic lipomas.
Methods.

Twenty‐three cases of posttraumatic lipomas in 19 patients treated at our institution between August 2001 and January 2005 were reviewed with regard to medical history, magnetic resonance imaging findings, intraoperative findings, clinical chemistry, and histology.
Results.

The mean age of the patients was 50.0 years (±15.5). The average time between soft tissue trauma and lipoma formation was 2.6 years (range, 0.5–6.0 years). Sixteen of the 19 patients reported extensive and slowly resolving hematoma formation after the traumatic event. Nine of 23 lipomas were found on the upper extremities, 3 on the lower extremities, 9 on the trunk, and 2 on the face. All tumors were located epifascially. Twenty‐two lipomas were removed by simple excision and, in one case, aspiration lipectomy was performed. Pathology demonstrated capsulated and noncapsulated benign adipose tumors in 23 cases. The average body mass index, amounted to 30 kg/m2 (±7.6 kg/m2). Seven patients without known bleeding disorders presented with an elevated partial thromboplastin time.
Conclusions.

The pathogenetic link between soft tissue trauma and the formation of posttraumatic lipomas is still controversially discussed. There are 2 potential explanations to correlate soft tissue trauma and adipose tissue tumor growth. The first is the formation of so‐called posttraumatic pseudolipomas by prolapsing adipose tissue through fascia resulting from direct impact. A second possibility points toward lipoma formation as a result of preadipocyte differentiation and proliferation mediated by cytokine release following soft tissue trauma and hematoma formation.
Multiple Lesions of Cutaneous Focal Mucinosis in a Teenager
Authors: Hernandez Claudia , Fowler Ashley , Gandhi Mona Y. 
Published: November 2007

A 19‐year‐old Hispanic woman presented to our clinic with a chief complaint of multiple pink papules on her face (Figure 1). The lesions were asymptomatic, had appeared several years before her consultation, and had remained stable in size. Similar lesions on her trunk and extremities had spontaneously resolved before presentation. She had no significant medical history and was not on any medications. Cutaneous examination was remarkable for a few scattered, well‐demarcated, slightly raised pink papules and plaques with no scale, ranging from 0.5 to 1 cm in diameter. The lesions were distributed on the right cheek, right temple, left lower eyelid, and neck area. The rest of the cutaneous examination was unremarkable. A punch biopsy was performed from a lesion near the left premandibular area. Hematoxylin and eosin staining of the biopsy specimen revealed superficial perivascular dermatitis with a slight increase in the number of fibroblasts (Figure 2). Colloidal iron staining was diffusely positive with replacement of collagen with mucinous material in the dermal layer (Figure 3). Laboratory values for a complete blood cell count, metabolic panel, serum protein electrophoresis, urine protein electrophoresis, thyroid‐stimulating hormone, and antinuclear antibody were within normal limits. The patient was diagnosed with cutaneous focal mucinosis. Because of cosmetic concerns, the patient declined surgical excision and intralesional corticosteroid injections. A 4‐month trial of topical tacrolimus 0.1% ointment was ineffective. Several pink plaques are seen in the premandibular area. image Superficial subacute perivascular dermatitis with a slight increase in the number of fibroblasts (hematoxylin‐eosin stain, original magnification ×20). image Colloidal iron staining was diffusely positive with mucinous material replacing dermal collagen (original magnification ×20). image
EEG abnormalities and 3‐year outcome in first episode psychosis
Authors: Manchanda R. , Norman R. , Malla A. , Harricharan R. , Northcott S. 
Published: November 2007

Objective:  This study assesses the relationship of EEG to several aspects of 3 year symptomatic and functional outcome in first episode psychosis.Method:  A total of 117 patients with first episode psychosis had their baseline EEG classified by modified Mayo Clinic criteria as normal, essentially normal or dysrhythmia. Socio‐demographic variables, duration of illness and of untreated psychosis and premorbid adjustment were also recorded. Positive and negative symptoms of psychoses, depression, anxiety and global functioning were rated on entry and after 3 years of treatment.Results:  Patients with a dysrhythmic EEG at entry into treatment showed significantly greater persistence in both positive and negative symptoms of psychoses as well as anxiety and depression over 3 years. These findings were independent of duration of untreated illness or premorbid adjustment.Conclusion:  An abnormal baseline EEG in patients with first episode psychosis is associated with a poorer symptomatic outcome at 3‐year follow‐up.
Are patients with somatization disorder highly suggestible?
Authors: Brown R. J. , Schrag A. , Krishnamoorthy E. , Trimble M. R. 
Published: November 2007

Objective:  High suggestibility is widely regarded as an important feature of patients with medically unexplained symptoms (MUS), particularly those with multiple MUS [i.e. somatization disorder (SD)], although there are few empirical data attesting to this assumption. A study was therefore conducted to compare levels of non‐hypnotic suggestibility in patients with SD and medical controls.Method:  A modified version of the Barber Suggestibility Scale was administered to 19 patients with SD and 17 controls with an established organic dystonia.Results:  Patients with SD were no more suggestible than control patients. Dystonia controls were more likely to deliberately comply with suggestions than the SD patients.Conclusion:  Contrary to popular belief, high suggestibility is not necessarily a feature of SD.
FSR 0190: another old distant Galactic cluster
Authors: Froebrich D. , Meusinger H. , Davis C. J. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
We are conducting a large programme to classify newly discovered Milky Way star cluster candidates from Froebrich et al. Here we present near-infrared follow-up observations of FSR 0190 (, J2000). The cluster is situated close to the Galactic plane . It shows a circular shape, and a relatively large number of core helium burning stars – which clearly distinguishes the cluster from the rich field – but no centrally condensed star density profile. We derive an age of more than 7 Gyr, a Galactocentric distance of 10.5 kpc, a distance of 10 kpc from the Sun, and an extinction of AK= 0.8 mag. The estimated mass is at least of the order of 105 M⊙, and the absolute brightness is MV≤−4.7 mag; both are rather typical properties for Palomar-type globular clusters.
Effect of Intensification on Grow Out of the Amazon River Prawn, Macrobrachium amazonicum
Authors: Moraes‐Valenti Patricia M. C. , Valenti Wagner C. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract The effects of intensification on growth, survival, productivity, population structure, and distribution of harvested biomass in individual size classes of Macrobrachium amazonicum in semi‐intensive culture were evaluated. Postlarvae (0.01 g) were stocked in 12 ponds at densities of 10, 20, 40, and 80/m2 (three replicates per treatment) and raised for 5.5 mo. Average individual weight significantly decreased and productivity significantly increased as stocking density increased (P < 0.001), while survival was not affected (P > 0.05). Prawn mean weight at harvest ranged from 3.6 (80/m2) to 7.0 g (10/m2). Average survival ranged from 65.5% (40/m2) to 72.8% (20/m2), while productivity ranged from 508 (10/m2) to 2051 kg/ha (80/m2). Harvested biomass showed a clear bimodal distribution in individual size classes indicating the occurrence of heterogeneous growth, which may affect management and market strategies. Harvested biomass of prawns weighing more than 7 g (the best market size) increases for stocking densities up to 40/m2 and stabilizes between 40 and 80/m2. Growth reduction was associated with a decreasing frequency and average weight of green claw 1 and green claw 2 male morphotypes and adult females as density increased. Thus, the distribution of male morphotypes and sexually mature females are affected by density‐dependent factors. Results suggest that prawn density plays an important role on M. amazonicum grow‐out phase, as has been demonstrated for other species of the genus Macrobrachium. M. amazonicum tolerates grow‐out intensification and may be raised in both semi‐intensive and intensive systems stocked at very high densities yielding high productivity.
Quality control of bone marrow cytology; organization and over 7 years experience in the south‐west Netherlands
Authors: ERMENS A. A. M. , VAN LOM K. , VAN‘T VEER M. B. , BIKKER G. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryTo asses the quality of bone marrow cytology of hospital laboratories in the south‐west Netherlands a proficiency testing program was implemented. Two sets of bone marrow and blood smears from two patients were sent to 20 hospital laboratories using a tight time schedule biannually. Required results consisted of differential counts of 500 bone marrow cells and 100 peripheral blood cells, together with the description of morphological abnormalities and final conclusions. Twice a year the collected review data were discussed in a plenary session which was also used for continuous education. Over the past 7 years 30 bone marrow samples were evaluated. The coefficient of variations of specific cells counts was large. The amount of correct conclusions ranged from 12% to 100% (median: 61%). Participant attendance of the meetings was 90–100%. The total cost of this scheme of proficiency testing approximately amounted €7000 per year. The presented formulae for both proficiency testing and haematopathological/cytological education is feasible and fulfilled the need of the participants.