bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: 1-year follow-up of the ‘Plants for Joints’ randomised clinical trial
Authors: Wagenaar Carlijn A , Walrabenstein Wendy , van der Leeden Marike , Turkstra Franktien , Gerritsen Martijn , Twisk Jos W R , Boers Maarten , van der Esch Martin , van Middendorp Henriët , Weijs Peter J M , van Schaardenburg Dirkjan 
Published: February 2024

ObjectivesIn two randomised controlled trials, the Plants for Joints (PFJ) multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention reduced signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), or metabolic syndrome-associated hip or knee osteoarthritis (MSOA) compared with usual care. The current study investigated long-term outcomes.MethodsAfter completion of two 16-week trials in people with (1) RA or (2) MSOA, control groups switched to the active PFJ intervention. At the end of the intervention, all participants were followed up in a 1-year observational extension study. Primary outcomes were 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) (RA) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) (MSOA). Secondary outcomes included body composition, metabolic outcomes, medication changes and intervention adherence. An intention-to-treat analysis with a linear mixed model was used to analyse within-group changes.Results65 (84%) of 77 RA participants and 49 (77%) of 64 MSOA participants completed the extension study. The effects of the PFJ intervention were replicated in the original control groups and sustained within the RA group a year after intervention completion (mean DAS28 –0.9 points; p<0.001), while in the MSOA group mean WOMAC increased towards but remained well under the starting value (–7.8 points, p<0.001). Improvements in C-reactive protein, waist circumference (RA and MSOA); low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (RA); and weight, haemoglobin A1c, blood pressure (MSOA) were also sustained. Participants had a net decrease of medication, and intervention adherence was largely sustained.ConclusionsA year after the PFJ lifestyle intervention, improvements of disease activity and metabolic outcomes within RA and MSOA groups were largely sustained and related to sustained adherence, with a net decrease of medication.Trial registration numbersNL7800, NL7801.
Combining lattice QCD and phenomenological inputs on generalised parton distributions at moderate skewness
Authors: Riberdy Michael Joseph , Dutrieux Hervé , Mezrag Cédric , Sznajder Paweł 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe present a systematic study demonstrating the impact of lattice QCD data on the extraction of generalised parton distributions (GPDs). For this purpose, we use a previously developed modelling of GPDs based on machine learning techniques fulfilling the theoretical requirements of polynomiality, a form of positivity constraint and known reduction limits. A special care is given to estimate the uncertainty stemming from the ill-posed character of the connection between GPDs and the experimental processes usually considered to constrain them, like deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS). Moke lattice QCD data inputs are included in a Bayesian framework to a prior model based on an Artificial Neural Network. This prior model is fitted to reproduce the most experimentally accessible information of a phenomenological extraction by Goloskokov and Kroll. We highlight the impact of the precision, correlation and kinematic coverage of lattice data on GPD extraction at moderate $$\xi $$
ξ
which has only been brushed in the literature so far, paving the way for a joint extraction of GPDs.
Holographic Einstein rings of non-commutative black holes
Authors: Hu Xin-Yun , Zeng Xiao-Xiong , Li Li-Fang , Xu Peng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWith the help of AdS/CFT correspondence, we derive the desired response function of QFT on the boundary of the non-commutative black hole. Using the virtual optical system with a convex lens, we obtain the Einstein rings of the black hole from the response function. All the results show that the holographic ring always appears with the concentric stripe when the observer located at the north pole. With the change of the observation position, the ring changes into a luminosity-deformed ring, or bright spot. We also investigate the effect of the non-commutative parameter on the ring and find the ring radius becomes larger as the parameter increases. The effect of the temperature on the ring radius is also investigated, it is found that the higher the temperature, the smaller the ring radius. In addition, we also obtain the ingoing angle of the photon via geometric optics, as expected, this angle is consistent well with the angle of the Einstein ring obtained via holography.
Platonic Dualism Reconsidered
Authors: Obdrzalek Suzanne 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
I argue that in the Phaedo, Plato maintains that the soul is located in space and is capable of locomotion and of interacting with the body through contact. Numerous interpreters have dismissed these claims as merely metaphorical, since they assume that as an incorporeal substance, the soul cannot possess spatial attributes. But careful examination of how Plato conceives of the body throughout his corpus reveals that he does not distinguish it from the soul in terms of spatiality. Furthermore, assigning spatial attributes to the soul plays an important role in Plato’s account of the relation of body and soul.
The Dynamics of ENSO Phase Locking in a Spatiotemporal Oscillator Model
Authors: Li YaoKun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The ENSO phase locking to the annual cycle is investigated by applying a spatiotemporal oscillator (STO) model, in which the annual cycle of the climatological thermocline depth and its associated parameter are introduced. It is easy to derive its analytic solution, which demonstrates a harmonic oscillation of a combined variable. The ENSO phase locking can be theoretically proven by discussing the distribution of the calendar months of the peak time of the sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) time series. The calendar months of the peak time can be divided into two parts. The first part can evenly distribute in any a month of a year and hence has no phase locking feature whereas the second part, directly associated with the annual cycle, adds an increment onto the first part to make it move toward the phase of the annual cycle to realize the phase locking feature. This is the physical mechanism of the ENSO phase locking. With observed seasonal variation of the climatological thermocline depth, the Niño-3.4 index time series approach to extreme values in November was calculated with higher probability, reproducing the observed phase locking phenomenon quite well. The maximum probability of the calendar month that the ENSO peak time occurs is directly determined by the phase of the annual cycle and the stronger the annual cycle is, the larger the maximum probability is.

Significance Statement
El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events tend to be strongest in the boreal wintertime. This phenomenon is called ENSO phase locking. This study investigates the dynamics of ENSO phase locking to the annual cycle by introducing the annual cycle to a spatiotemporal oscillator (STO) model that can deal with the complex spatial and temporal variations in SSTAs. The analytic solution can be obtained and then the phase locking feature can be theoretically proven and numerically testified. Therefore, the dynamics and the mechanism of ENSO phase locking can be comprehensively understood. It may be beneficial for the community to have a better understanding of this complex phenomenon.
Prevalence of Loneliness in Older Adults in Rural Population and Its Association with Depression and Caregiver Abuse
Authors: Mehra Aseem , Agarwal Arun , Bashar Mohammad , Avasthi Ajit , Chakravarty Rahul , Grover Sandeep 
Published: February 2024

Background: Loneliness in the elderly is of public health importance as it is a risk factor for adverse consequences. There is lack of data on loneliness among the elderly population of India, especially those residing in a rural community. Aim: To estimate loneliness and its association with depression and caregiver abuse. Materials and Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural health clinic in North India. 125 elderly persons were evaluated on the UCLA Loneliness Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-15, Geriatric Depression Rating Scale‑30 (GDS), and Caregiver Abuse Screening (CASE) scale. Results: 67.6 years was the mean age of the study’s subjects, with a mean number of years of education of 2.9. Most were female, married, and from lower socioeconomic status and belonged to a non-nuclear family. The prevalence of loneliness was 66.4%. Regarding specific features, subjects reported a lack of companionship (64.8%), being left out in life (45.2%), and being isolated from others (52.8%). The severity of depression, somatization, psychological and physical abuse, neglect abuse, and caregiver abuse had a significant positive association with loneliness. Those with a presence of loneliness scored higher on GDS and CASE than those without. Those who were single at the time of the study reported significantly more loneliness than married ones. Those from nuclear families and middle socioeconomic status reported a significantly higher level of loneliness. Conclusion: Loneliness among the elderly rural population is significantly high. The severity of loneliness is associated with higher severity of depression, somatization, and caregiver abuse.
Herbert Gintis and the Societal Origins of Preferences: A Personal Memoir
Authors: Bowles Samuel 
Published: February 2024

In this personal memoir of my lifelong collaborator and friend, Herb Gintis, I reflect on his “A Radical Analysis of Welfare Economics and Individual Development.” Published in the Quarterly Journal of Economics in 1972, the article advances a novel Marx-inspired interpretation of the societal origins of preferences, one that profoundly influenced the ideas of a group of like-minded young economists at Harvard at the time, economics more broadly, and Herb and my subsequent joint work. JEL Classification: B14, B21, D01
Vision Impairment and Frailty Among Mexican American Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Sonnenfeld Mandi L. , Pappadis Monique R. , Reistetter Timothy A. , Raji Mukaila A. , Ottenbacher Kenneth , Al Snih Soham 
Published: February 2024

We examined the relationship between vision impairment (VI) and new-onset frailty among non-frail Mexican American older adults (≥70 years) at baseline and determined the differential impact of VI on each frailty criteria. Data were from an 18-year prospective cohort from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (1998/1999, N = 1072 to 2016, N = 175). Frailty was defined as ≥3 criteria: unintentional weight loss of >10 pounds, weakness, exhaustion, low physical activity, and slowness. VI was defined as difficulty in recognizing a friend at arm’s length’s away, across the room, or across the street. We found that participants with VI (near or distant) and distant VI had greater odds of frailty (near or distant VI, OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.30–2.73 and distant VI, OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.34–2.86, respectively) after controlling for covariates over time. Early screening (optimal management) of VI may prevent or delay onset of frailty among older Mexican Americans.
Is Early-Life Enrichment Associated With Better Cognitive Function Among Older Adults? Examining Home and School Environments
Authors: Bell Mallory J. , Sauerteig-Rolston Madison R. , Ferraro Kenneth F. 
Published: February 2024

Objectives: We examine whether early-life enrichment, involving varied and stimulating activities to enhance cognitive function during childhood and adolescence, is associated with cognitive function in later life and whether the benefits persist over time. Methods: Growth curve models were used to examine up to five waves of data from the Health and Retirement Study—a nationally representative survey of adults 50 years and older ( N = 10,070). We constructed separate measures of early-life enrichment to distinguish sources of influence (i.e., enriched home environment and enriched school environment). Global cognitive function was assessed with a modified version of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status. Results: Greater enrichment in each environment was incrementally associated with better cognitive function at baseline, but enrichment was not associated with change in cognitive function over time. Discussion: Receiving enrichment from multiple environments during sensitive periods of cognitive development may be advantageous for cognitive functioning in later life.
Pitchfork sign following pars Plana vitrectomy for idiopathic epiretinal membrane: A case report
Authors: Gelormini Francesco , Parisi Guglielmo , Vallino Veronica , Ricardi Federico , Marolo Paola , Borrelli Enrico , Reibaldi Michele 
Published: February 2024

Purpose To report a case of pitchfork sign following pars plana vitrectomy for idiopathic epiretinal membrane. Study design Case report. Results A 75-year-old man was referred to the surgical retina service due to a quantitative and qualitative decline in vision in the left eye (LE) for several months. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination revealed the presence of a stage III epiretinal membrane (ERM) according to the Govetto classification. Seven days after undergoing a 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with ERM peeling and balanced salt solution (BSS) tamponade, OCT examination revealed the presence of the ‘pitchfork sign’ in the macular region, along with the detection of a choroidal neovascularization (CNV) through OCT-A examination. After receiving two monthly intravitreal anti-VEGF injections, a complete regression of the MNV was observed. Conclusions We reported, for the first time, the iatrogenic onset of the pitchfork sign following vitreoretinal surgery. This discovery highlights the unique presentation of the pitchfork sign in the context of surgical procedures, expanding our comprehension of its range of causes.
Evaluation of nocturnal apnea and airflow limitation as indicators for cognitive dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome overlap syndrome
Authors: Zhu Zheng , Wu Yaohua , Qu Ling , Zou Ying , Nie Guozhong , Xu Shuguang , Zhou Qixing , Zhang Yunfeng , Chen Rui 
Published: February 2024

Objective The aim of this study is to investigate how much intermittent hypoxemia and airflow limitation contribute to cognitive impairment in overlap syndrome (OS), which is the coexistence of two common diseases, obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients with OSAHS, COPD or OS, compared with normal controls, to determine the association between sleep apnea/pulmonary function-related indicators and cognitive dysfunction in individuals with OSAHS, COPD or OS. Results A total of 157 participants were recruited. Both OSAHS and OS presented lower adjusted Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scores compared with COPD group. In addition, the MoCA score was significantly lower in COPD group compared with control group. The incidence of cognitive impairment was 57.4% in OSAHS group, and 78% in OS group, which were significantly higher than COPD group (29%) and control group (8.8%). Furthermore, a broader range of cognitive domains were affected in OS group compared with OSAHS group. Elevated levels of oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and/or apnea hypopnea index (AHI) were positively correlated with increased Epworth sleeping scale (ESS) in OSAHS and OS. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were positively correlated with cognitive scores in OSAHS but not in OS. Serum level of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) was significantly higher in OS. Logistic regression identified ODI as an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment in OS, while severity of snoring and PEF were independent risk factors in OSAHS. Discussion This study revealed significant cognitive impairment in OS, OSAHS and COPD. Sleep-related indicators are warranted in OS patients for detection, differentiation and grading of cognitive impairment, whereas pulmonary functions are warranted in OSAHS patients for detection and early intervention of cognitive impairment.
Early and Midterm Outcomes of Endovascular Aortic Arch Repair Using In Situ Laser Fenestration
Authors: Nana Petroula , Le Houérou Thomas , Rockley Mark , Guihaire Julien , Gaudin Antoine , Costanzo Alessandro , Fabre Dominique , Haulon Stéphan 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The aim of this study is to present single-center outcomes in patients treated with in situ laser fenestration thoracic endovascular aortic repair (LFTEVAR) for various aortic arch pathologies and assess the impact of increasing experience. Methods: The STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement was followed. A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected single aortic center data was conducted, including baseline information and peri- and post-operative outcomes of consecutive patients managed with LFTEVAR for aortic arch pathologies. Patients were enrolled from April 1, 2017 to January 31, 2023. The cohort was dichotomized to compare early (2017-2019) and late experience (2020-2023). Primary outcomes were peri-operative mortality and cerebrovascular morbidity. Results: Thirty patients were included (63.3% males, mean age 69.8±9.6 years); 21.4% presented with aortic ruptures. Aortic aneurysm involving the aortic arch was the most frequent pathology (53.3%). Forty target vessels (TVs) were revascularized, including 19 left subclavian arteries (47.5%) and 17 left common carotid arteries (42.5%). Double fenestrations were performed in 10 patients. The proximal landing zone was Ishimaru zone 0 in 5 patients (16.7%) and zone 1 in 13 patients (43.3%). Technical success was 93%. No spinal cord ischemia was recorded, and 3 patients (10%) suffered a post-operative stroke, of which 1 was major (3.3%). The median follow-up was 12 months (range=1-48 months). Thirty-day and follow-up mortality rates were 13.5% and 15.3%, respectively. Target vessel instability was 10%, of which 3.8% required reintervention. There was no statistically significant difference in outcomes between the early and late experience groups. Conclusions: Laser fenestration thoracic endovascular aortic repair of the aortic arch performed in experienced aortic centers is associated with low early mortality and stroke rates. It is a safe and effective therapeutic option in patients considered unfit for open repair. Clinical Impact Custom-made devices for arch pathologies requiring urgent repair are not an option because of manufacturing delays. Off-the-shelf devices with single branch arch prostheses, and outside IFU techniques such as parallel-grafts and surgeon-modified endografts have been proposed in this setting. Another off-the-shelf alternative is in situ laser fenestration thoracic endovascular repair (LFTEVAR), which addresses many limitations of the other off-the-shelf options. Our study reports the outcomes of 30 patients treated with LFTEVAR, showing that it is a viable therapeutic option in patients considered unfit for open repair acknowledging that sufficient experience with complex endovascular aortic repair is mandatory to achieve acceptable outcomes in these high-risk patients with challenging aortic anatomies.
Public involvement in Australian clinical trials: A systematic review
Authors: Zirnsak Tessa-May , Ng Ashley H , Brasier Catherine , Gray Richard 
Published: February 2024

Background Public involvement enhances the relevance, quality, and impact of research. There is some evidence that public involvement in Australian research lags other countries, such as the United Kingdom. The purpose of the systematic review was to establish the rates and describe the characteristics of public involvement in Australian clinical trials. Methods We reviewed evidence of public involvement in all Australian randomised controlled trials published in the first 6 months of 2021. To determine the quality of public involvement, we used the five-item short-form version of the Guidance of Reporting Involvement Patients and the Public, version 2. Results In total, 325 randomised controlled trials were included, of which 17 (5%) reported any public involvement. Six trials reported public involvement in setting the research aim and seven in developing study methods. The authors of one study reflected on the overall role and influence of public involvement in the research. Conclusion Rate of public involvement in Australian clinical trials is seemingly substantially lower than those reported in countries with similar advanced public health care systems, notably the United Kingdom. Our observations may be explained by a lack of researcher skills in how to involve the public and the failure by major funding agencies in Australia to mandate public involvement when deciding on how to award grant funding.
Kristjánite, KNa2H(SO4)2, a new fumarolic mineral from Iceland containing the [SO4–H–SO4]3– anion in the crystal structure
Authors: Balić-Žunić Tonči , Nestola Fabrizio , Pamato Martha G. , Rasmussen Maja B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractKristjánite, KNa2H(SO4)2, is a new mineral (IMA2022–131) found in a high-temperature fumarole on Fimmvörðuháls, Iceland. It is monoclinic, P21/n, a = 6.9625(1), b = 9.9953(1), c = 11.0928(2) (Å), β = 105.637(2)° and V = 743.40(2) Å3. Kristjánite forms colourless transparent crystals up to ~100 μm in size in compact aggregates with metathénardite, belomarinaite, aphthitalite, ivsite and an unknown mineral with tentative composition K2NaH(SO4)2, or grows in white globules of smaller grains on their surface. The eight strongest maxima in a powder X-ray diffraction diagram are [d, Å (Intensity)] 4.37 (59), 3.65 (32), 3.48 (78), 3.36 (100), 3.18 (76), 2.83 (43), 2.73 (38) and 2.405 (23). The mineral represents a novel crystal structure type. In it, K is coordinated by eight O atoms, and two symmetrically independent Na atoms by seven O atoms. Two symmetrically independent S atoms are in tetrahedral coordination by O atoms. A close to linear, very short hydrogen bond (2.44 Å), connects the two to a SO4–H–SO4 dimer. K and Na coordination polyhedra share vertices, edges and even faces forming with sulfate tetrahedra a tight structure with narrow [100] channels lined on two opposite sides by hydrogen bonds.