bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motion Simulation of a Fine Shaped Vessel at Hiron Point in the Bay of Bengal
Authors: Islam M Rafiqul , Hassan Md Munir , Baree Md Sdaiqul 
Published: January 2009

The hydrodynamic behaviour of a fast fine vessel is of great importance than that of a fuller vessel as the fast fine vessels are engaged for important operations. Moreover with the advent of modern computers, in ship hydrodynamics, 3-D source distribution method is gaining much popularity and normally applied for blocky hull. But in the case of finer hull, examples are rare especially considering forward speed effect. With these views in mind, in the present research work, effort has been given to develop a mathematical model for fine shape vessel to predict and simulate her motions in irregular waves. A computer program has been developed on the basis of mathematical model and to examine the validity of the developed program, results for hydrodynamic coefficient and motions of a series 60 ship have been compared with Gerristma's experimental results and with the results based on other codes. After validation of the program, simulation of motions of an existing the fine shape ship has been carried out at Hiron point of the Bay of Bengal by utilizing hydrodynamic coefficients and wave exciting forces and moments obtained in regular waves and a new wave spectrum formula based on wave data at the concerned location. On the basis of the results presented, it may be concluded that the developed model based on 3-D distribution technique can be applied for prediction of motion of fine shape ship with forward speed effect. Moreover limitations of operation of the vessel have been demonstrated at various combinations of significant wave heights and speeds. doi:10.3329/jname.v2i2.1870 Â Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering 2(2005) 25-40
Modeling of Annular Prediffuser for Marine Gas Turbine Combustor using CFD - A Study on the Effect of Strut Configuration
Authors: Sheeba A , Ganesan V 
Published: January 2009

This paper presents the numerical and experimental investigation of a straight core annular diffuser normally used in marine gas turbine combustor. The flow in the annular diffuser has been simulated by solving the equations for conservation of mass and momentum. For turbulence modeling the standard k-Îµ model is employed and the predicted results have been validated with experiments. A five-hole probe and a single normal hot wire anemometer were used to measure mean and fluctuating components of velocity. The comparison of the experimental and predicted mean velocity values in radial direction, at different axial locations of annular diffuser is presented and discussed. Flow development in the annular diffuser with different strut geometries has been analyzed. The discussion is focused on the distortion of the flow produced by the strut configuration. Keywords: Annular Diffuser, Struts, Recirculation Region Â doi:10.3329/jname.v2i2.1871 Â Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering 2(2005) 41-52
Natural Convection Flow from an Isothermal Sphere with Temperature Dependent Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Molla Md Mamun , Rahman Azad , Rahman Lineeya Tanzin 
Published: January 2009

Laminar free convection flow from an isothermal sphere immersed in a fluid with thermal conductivity proportional to linear function of temperature has been studied. The governing boundary layer equations are transformed into a non-dimensional form and the resulting nonlinear system of partial differential equations is reduced to local non-similarity equations, which are solved numerically by very efficient implicit finite difference method together with Keller box scheme. Numerical results are presented by velocity and temperature distribution of the fluid as well as heat transfer characteristics, namely the heat transfer rate and the skin-friction coefficients for a wide range of thermal conductivity parameter Î³ (= 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0) and the Prandtl number Pr (= 0.7, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0). Â Keywords: Natural convection, temperature dependent thermal conductivity, isothermal sphere. Â Â doi:10.3329/jname.v2i2.1872 Â Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering 2(2005) 53-64
A Comparative Study of Two Passenger Transportation Systems between Two Bangladeshi Cities
Authors: Iqbal K Shahriar , Shil Samir K 
Published: January 2009

Using life cycle impact assessment, required freight rate and the customer service time, the ecological impact and the economic performance of bus and water transportation systems were evaluated and compared for the Dhaka - Narayanganj route in Bangladesh. Then the benefit of modal shifting of passengers from bus to water transport is shown. The results are shown as three different comparison indices. The water transportation showed clear superiority in environmental and economic aspects. Only the âservice quality' went to the favor of bus. Â Keywords: Inland water transport, transportation planning, environmental pollution, life cycle assessment, Â sustainable development, Kyoto Protocol. Â Â Â doi:10.3329/jname.v2i2.928Â Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering 2(2005) 1-10
Language use predicts phenomenological properties of Holocaust memories and health
Authors: Boals Adriel , Perez Alison Stern 
Published: January 2009

AbstractTwenty Holocaust survivors gave extensive interviews about their experiences in the Holocaust and their lives since. This study affords a rare opportunity to explore language use and trauma using a within‐subjects design. Consistent with past research which has shown that cognitive word use typically increases when describing stressful experiences, participants used a higher percentage of cognitive words when describing their Holocaust experiences, in comparison to describing non‐Holocaust experiences. Four years after the interviews, participants completed memory questionnaires in relation to their Holocaust experiences and measures of physical health and cognitive functioning. The extent to which participants used an elevated use of insight words when describing their Holocaust experiences 4 years earlier was related to lower ratings of visceral emotional reactions, less avoidance and better lifetime physical health. The results are discussed in terms of how use of cognitive words when describing traumatic memories reflects adaptive psychological and coping processes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral β‐Aryloxy Alcohols by Asymmetric Hydrogenation of α‐Aryloxy Aldehydes via Dynamic Kinetic Resolution
Authors: Zhou Zhang‐Tao , Xie Jian‐Hua , Zhou Qi‐Lin 
Published: January 2009

Abstractmagnified imageA catalytic enantioselective hydrogenation of racemic α‐aryloxy aldehydes via dynamic kinetic resolution has been developed by using (diamine)(spirodiphosphine)ruthenium(II) chloride [RuCl2(SDPs)(diamine)] catalysts. Employing this new reaction system a variety of optically active β‐aryloxy primary alcohols were synthesized in high yields and moderate to good enantioselectivities.
Job strain and the risk for occupational injury in small‐ to medium‐sized manufacturing enterprises: A prospective study of 1,209 Korean employees
Authors: Kim Hwan‐Cheol , Min Jin‐Young , Min Kyoung‐Bok , Park Shin‐Goo 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate whether job strain had an effect on the risk of occupational injury of workers at small‐ to medium‐sized manufacturing companies.MethodsWe conducted a prospective follow‐up survey and finally 1,209 workers in South Korea were included in this study. At time X1, we measured job stress with the Job Demand and Decision Latitude Questionnaire; and at time X2 (after 6 months), we evaluated occupational injuries through a single question. Occupational injuries were assessed using the question “Have you ever been injured at work, including minor scratches and cuts, in the previous four‐month period” by self‐reporting in the previous 4‐month period.ResultsFor men, the high job‐demand group (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.13–2.59) and high strain group (OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.02–3.14) showed the increased risk of occupational injury. For women, high job‐demand (OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.18–3.78), low job control (OR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.02–3.17), and high job strain (OR = 3.57, 95% CI = 1.62–7.86) were significantly associated with occupational injury.ConclusionWorkers under high job strain showed higher risk for occupational injury. The efforts to minimize stress‐related occupational injuries should be required. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:322–330, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
RNA‐Interferenz: von den Grundlagen zur therapeutischen Anwendung
Authors: Kurreck Jens 
Published: January 2009

AbstractEin effizienter Mechanismus zur sequenzspezifischen Inhibition einer Genexpression ist die RNA‐Interferenz. Hierbei führen doppelsträngige RNA‐Moleküle zur Spaltung der ausgewählten Ziel‐RNA (siehe Bild). Diese Technik hat sich in den vergangenen Jahren zu einer Standardmethode der Molekularbiologie entwickelt, die nach erfolgreichen Anwendungen im Tiermodell bereits in klinischen Studien als neue Therapieform erprobt wird.magnified imageVor gerade einmal zehn Jahren konnten Andrew Fire und Craig Mello zeigen, dass doppelsträngige RNA‐Moleküle in Eukaryoten die Expression homologer Gene posttranskriptionell inhibieren können. Dieser als RNA‐Interferenz bezeichnete Prozess hat sich mittlerweile zu einer Standardmethode der Molekularbiologie entwickelt. Der vorliegende Aufsatz gibt einen Überblick über die zugrunde liegenden zellulären Vorgänge mit besonderem Fokus auf die posttranskriptionelle Inhibition der Genexpression in Säugerzellen, die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten in der Forschung und die ersten Ergebnisse der bereits laufenden klinischen Studien.
Pseudo‐Bridging Silanols as Versatile Brønsted Acid Sites of Amorphous Aluminosilicate Surfaces
Authors: Chizallet Céline , Raybaud Pascal 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAmorphisierung regelt Säurestärke: Pseudo‐verbrückende Silanole, die in Modellrechnungen als anpassungsfähige Brønsted‐saure Gruppen identifiziert wurden, entstehen durch Hydrolyse von Si‐O‐Al‐Brücken, die durch Abscheiden von Siliciumoxid auf γ‐Al2O3(100) und anschließendes Erhitzen erzeugt wurden. Eine teilweise Entmischung des Siliciumoxids aus dem Alumosilicat nach der Adsorption eines Überschusses an Wasser wird vorhergesagt.magnified image
RNA Interference: From Basic Research to Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Kurreck Jens 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAn efficient mechanism for the sequence‐specific inhibition of gene expression is RNA interference. In this process, double‐stranded RNA molecules induce cleavage of a selected target RNA (see picture). This technique has in recent years developed into a standard method of molecular biology. Successful applications in animal models have already led to the initiation of RNAi‐based clinical trials as a new therapeutic option.magnified imageOnly ten years ago Andrew Fire and Craig Mello were able to show that double‐stranded RNA molecules could inhibit the expression of homologous genes in eukaryotes. This process, termed RNA interference, has developed into a standard method of molecular biology. This Review provides an overview of the molecular processes involved, with a particular focus on the posttranscriptional inhibition of gene expression in mammalian cells, the possible applications in research, and the results of the first clinical studies.
Pseudo‐Bridging Silanols as Versatile Brønsted Acid Sites of Amorphous Aluminosilicate Surfaces
Authors: Chizallet Céline , Raybaud Pascal 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAmorphization tunes acidity: Pseudo‐bridging silanols, suggested as versatile Brønsted acid groups by molecular modeling studies, are obtained by shifted hydrolysis of SiOAl bridges formed by the thermal treatment of silica deposited on γ‐Al2O3 (100), and appear under given pretreatment conditions. Demixing of part of the silica from the aluminosilicate phase is predicted upon excess water adsorption.magnified image
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Functionalized Dienes from Propargylic Esters: Formal Cross‐Coupling of Two Carbenes
Authors: Vovard‐Le Bray Chloé , Dérien Sylvie , Dixneuf Pierre H. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractCross‐coupling carbenes: The coupling of a propargylic ester with a diazoalkane in the presence of [RuCl(cod)Cp*] catalyst leads to the formation of functionalized conjugated dienes with high stereoselectivity. The reaction involves the cross‐coupling of a vinylcarbene fragment, arising from a ruthenium‐catalyzed propargylic ester rearrangement, with a diazoalkane carbene.magnified image
Basking site and water depth selection by gharial Gavialis gangeticus Gmelin 1789 (Crocodylia, Reptilia) in National Chambal Sanctuary, India and its implication for river conservation
Authors: Hussain Syed Ainul 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
The species diversity of inland waters is among the most threatened of all ecosystems and in many parts of the world it is in continuing and accelerating decline. Such decline could be restrained by acknowledging the scope of target species, so that all relevant stages in their life cycle are considered.
The gharial Gavialis gangeticus is a prominent riverine species of the Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra and Mahanadi river systems that is becoming increasingly rare due to reduction in water flow and available nesting beaches, modification of river morphology and increased mortality in fishing nets. Despite these threats, scientific information on habitat selection by gharial is still inadequate, which hinders conservation measures.
This paper presents the population status, basking site selection and water depth preferences of different size‐classes of gharial based on a study conducted in the National Chambal Sanctuary, India.
Between 1992 and 2007 a 40% decline in the gharial population was observed in the National Chambal Sanctuary. The decline was prominent in the recruitment class (<120 cm), which primarily comes from the nests laid in the wild, and also in sub‐adults (>180 to 270 cm) comprising both wild and reintroduced gharial.
Along the Chambal River, gharial preferred sandy parts of the river banks and sand bars for basking and showed less preference for rocky river banks and rocky outcrops. Clay river banks were least preferred.
Juvenile gharials <120 cm and 120–180 cm preferred water depths 1–3 m and 2–3 m, respectively. Gharial >180 cm (including sub‐adults and adults) preferred water depths >4 m.
Increasing demands for sand for development activities, and water abstraction for irrigation and energy generation coupled with mortality in fishing nets, are likely to affect gharial and other aquatic species, and steps need to be taken to maintain the minimum river flow necessary to sustain ecosystem processes.
Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Potassium tert‐Butoxide‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative SiO Coupling: Reactivity Pattern and Mechanism of an Underappreciated Alcohol Protection
Authors: Weickgenannt Andreas , Oestreich Martin 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAs simple as it gets! Potassium tert‐butoxide alone catalyzes the direct dehydrogenative SiO coupling of several synthetically important silanes with 1°, 2°, and even 3° alcohols without the need for stoichiometric hydrochloric acid scavengers. The stereoretentive mechanism is probed with a silicon‐stereogenic silane.magnified imageA remarkable tert‐butoxide‐catalyzed coupling of alcohols and silanes is reported. Dihydrogen and not hydrochloric acid (generated in the prevalent, related coupling of alcohols and chlorosilanes) is formed as the sole by‐product. A comprehensive survey of common silanes provides a reliable tool for the predictability of their reactivity under defined reaction conditions. The debated mechanism of this transformation is investigated monitoring the stereochemical course at the silicon atom by means of a silicon‐stereogenic silane. On this basis, a transition state for the enantiospecific SiO coupling step is suggested rationalizing the observed frontside attack and thus retention at the silicon atom.
Innovation of visualized interactive tools for learning molecular simulation curriculum
Authors: Sung Wen‐Tsai , Chung Hung‐Yuan 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe goal of molecular simulation stability is to predict the detailed structure and physical properties of molecules in bioengineer's experiment curriculum. This work succeeds in citing minimum energy and some computer graphics technologies to support this theme. Molecular structure is that given the uncountable number of possible conformations for a protein, how we can determine the lowest energy structure. In this article the authors employed the previous researches‐WebDeGrator and some existing molecular graphics tools to simulate various protein folding, ligand acceptor interaction, and molecular visualization. For this reason, bioengineer experimental curriculum will be visualization and interactive among learning members. Finally, Simpson's Taxonomy and pre‐ and post‐test examinations are applied to System Evaluation, and molecular simulation and minimum energy will be discussed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 18: 28–40, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae.20226
PerfPred: A web‐based tool for exploring computer architecture design space
Authors: Beg Azam , Ibrahim Walid 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis paper presents a Web‐based tool for predicting the performance of computer systems. The tool can be used for teaching how the hardware configurations (processor microarchitecture, memory hierarchy, etc.) and/or software (benchmark program) characteristics can affect the system throughput. Use of the proposed tool in computer architecture classes has demonstrated its effectiveness in improving the students' understanding of the related topics. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 17: 305–313, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae.20243
Mechanism of the Coupling of Diazonium to Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Its Consequences
Authors: Schmidt Grégory , Gallon Salomé , Esnouf Stéphane , Bourgoin Jean‐Philippe , Chenevier Pascale 
Published: January 2009

AbstractOn the tube: The coupling of diazonium ions onto single‐walled carbon nanotubes is shown to proceed through a radical chain reaction by kinetic analysis of the absorption peak drop (see picture). Radical species are also revealed by ESR. Metallic (m) nanotubes play a special catalytic role in the functionalization of semiconducting (sc) nanotubes.magnified imageDue to its simplicity and versatility, diazonium coupling is the most widely used method for carbon nanotube (CNT) functionalization to increase CNT processability and add new functionalities. Yet, its mechanism is so far mostly unknown. Herein, we use kinetic analysis to shed light on this complex mechanism. A free‐radical chain reaction is revealed by absorption spectroscopy and ESR. Metallic CNTs are shown to play an unexpected catalytic role. The step determining the selectivity towards metallic CNTs is identified by a Hammett correlation. A mechanistic model is proposed that predicts reactivity and selectivity as a function of diazonium electrophilicity and metallic‐to‐semiconducting CNT ratio, thus opening perspectives of controlled high‐yield functionalization and purification.
Size Selection During Crystallization of Oppositely Charged Nanoparticles
Authors: Kowalczyk Bartlomiej , Kalsin Alexander M. , Orlik Rafal , Bishop Kyle J. M. , Patashinskii Alexander Z. , Mitus Antoni , Grzybowski Bartosz A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractOpposites attract (selectively): Oppositely charged nanoparticles characterized by different size distributions form 3D supracrystals (see figure) only if the distributions overlap. Crystal quality decreases rapidly with decreasing degree of overlap, and, irrespective of the ratio of particle diameters/charges, no crystals are observed for non‐overlapping distributions.magnified image
ChemInform Abstract: Easy Access to Triazoles, Triazolopyrimidines, Benzimidazoles and Imidazoles from Imidates.
Authors: Zarguil A. , Boukhris S. , El Efrit M. L. , Souizi A. , Essassi E. M. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Anionic Condensations of 3,5‐Di‐tert‐butyl‐4(2)‐hydroxybenzaldehydes in the Presence of Weak Bases.
Authors: Vol'eva V. B. , Belostotskaya I. S. , Komissarova N. L. , Kurkovskaya L. N. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Greater Variety in Groebke—Blackburn Type 3‐Arylaminoimidazo[1,2‐a]azines Accessed via Pd‐Catalyzed Arylation of a Primary Precursor.
Authors: Sandulenko Yuri , Komarov Alexander , Rufanov Konstantin , Krasavin Mikhail 
Published: January 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Hydrogenation: Phospholane Ligands
Authors: Cobley Christopher J. , Moran Paul H. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Supercritical and Compressed Carbon Dioxide as Reaction Medium and Mass Separating Agent for Hydrogenation Reactions Using Organometallic Catalysts
Authors: Leitner Walter 
Published: January 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Natural Products Employing the SAMP/RAMP Hydrazone Methodology
Authors: Enders Dieter , Bettray Wolfgang 
Published: January 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Dendritic Macromolecules for Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Hwang Seok‐Ho , Moorefield Charles N. , Newkome George R. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.