bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Enantioselective Pd‐Catalyzed Allylic Alkylations of Acyclic Ketones.
Authors: Yan Xiao‐Xia , Liang Chun‐Gen , Zhang Yan , Hong Wei , Cao Bo‐Xun , Dai Li‐Xin , Hou Xue‐Long 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Optimization or Breakthrough? The First Highly cis‐ and Enantioselective Asymmetric Cyclopropanation of 1‐Octene by “Electronic and Counterion” Tuning of [RuCl(PNNP)]+ Catalysts.
Authors: Bonaccorsi Cristina , Mezzetti Antonio 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A New Method for the Synthesis of 2‐Cyclopenten‐1‐one‐5‐carboxylic Ester Derivatives via Rh2(OAc)4‐Mediated Intramolecular C—H Insertion Reaction of (4Z)‐β‐Vinyl‐α‐diazo β‐Ketoesters.
Authors: Deng Guisheng , Xu Baihua , Wang Jianbo 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Photochemical Desulfonylation of N‐Tosyl Amides by 2‐Phenyl‐N,N′‐dimethylbenzimidazoline (PDMBI).
Authors: Liu Qiang , Liu Zhengang , Zhou Yu‐Lu , Zhang Wei , Yang Li , Liu Zhong‐Li , Yu Wei 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Free‐Radical‐5‐exo‐Trig Cyclization of Chiral 3‐Silylhepta‐1,6‐dienes: Concise Approach to the A—B—C Ring Core of Hexacyclinic Acid.
Authors: James Philippe , Felpin Francois‐Xavier , Landais Yannick , Schenk Kurt 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
O‐ and N‐Alkylation of N‐Halosuccinimides in Ionic Reactions with 1‐Phenyltricyclo[4.1.0.02,7]heptane.
Authors: Vasin V. A. , Semenov A. V. , Razin V. V. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of and Pharmacological Studies on the Antidepressant and Anticonvulsant Activities of Some 1,3,5‐Trisubstituted Pyrazolines.
Authors: Ruhoglu Ozan , Oezdemir Zuhal , Calis Uensal , Guemuesel Buelent , Bilgin Abdullah Altan 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of New Trifluoromethyl‐Substituted 11H‐Isoindolo[2,1‐a]benzimidazol‐11‐one Derivatives.
Authors: Lingaiah Boddupally P. V. , Yakaiah Tallapally , Rao Pamulaparthy S. , Narsaiah Banda 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of N‐Substituted 2,4‐Thiazolidinediones from Oxazolidinethiones.
Authors: Mendoza Guadalupe , Hernandez Hector , Quintero Leticia , Sosa‐Rivadeneyra Martha , Bernes Sylvain , Sansinenea Estibaliz , Ortiz Aurelio 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
An Environmentally Benign Synthesis of Flavones from 1,3‐Diketones Using Silica Gel Supported NaHSO4 Catalyst.
Authors: Kucukislamoglu Mustafa , Nebioglu Mehmet , Zengin Mustafa , Arslan Mustafa , Yayli Nurettin 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Functionalized Indoline Spiropyrans by Condensation of Indolo[2,1‐b][1,3]benzoxazines with ortho‐Hydroxy‐Substituted Aromatic Aldehydes.
Authors: Amankaviciene Virgine , Asadauskas Svajus J. , Girniene Jolanta , Sackus Algirdas 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Efficient and General Method for the Synthesis of Benzopyrans by Ethylenediamine Diacetate‐Catalyzed Reactions of Resorcinols with α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes. One Step Synthesis of Biologically Active (.+‐.)‐Confluentin and (.+‐.)‐Daurichromenic Acid.
Authors: Lee Yong Rok , Choi Jung Hyun , Yoon Sang Heum 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Insecticidal Anthranilic Diamides: A New Class of Potent Ryanodine Receptor Activators.
Authors: Lahm George P. , Selby Thomas P. , Freudenberger John H. , Stevenson Thomas M. , Myers Brian J. , Seburyamo Gilles , Smith Ben K. , Flexner Lindsey , Clark Christopher E. , Cordova Daniel 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
3D‐QSAR, Synthesis, and Antimicrobial Activity of 1‐Alkylpyridinium Compounds as Potential Agents to Improve Food Safety.
Authors: Rodriguez‐Morales Sergio , Compadre R. Lilia , Castillo Rafael , Breen Philip J. , Compadre Cesar M. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Quinolyl‐ and Isoquinolyl Heteroarylamines Using Palladium‐Catalyzed Suzuki Cross‐Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Lee Ihl Young Choi , Jung Myung Hee , Lim Hee‐Jeong , Lee Hyo Won 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 7,8‐Benzo‐3‐hydroxy‐9‐azabicyclo[3.3.1]non‐3‐enes by Cyclocondensation of 1,3‐Bis‐Silyl Enol Ethers with Isoquinolines.
Authors: Schmidt Andreas , Guetlein Joerg‐Peter , Preuss Anja , Albrecht Uwe , Reinke Helmut , Langer Peter 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 8‐Chloro‐5,5‐dioxo[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐b][1,4,2]benzodithiazine Derivatives with Potential Anticancer and anti‐HIV‐1 Activities.
Authors: Brzozowski Z. , Saczewski F. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Improved Synthesis of Functionalized 5,6‐Dihydro‐pyrimido[4,5‐b][1,4]oxazepines.
Authors: Xu Yong‐Jiang , Liu Hu , Pan Weitao , Chen Xin , Wong Wai C. , Labelle Marc 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Cp2TiCl2‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Chemoselective One‐Step Synthesis of γ‐Substituted Allylsilanes from Terminal Alkenes Using Dianion‐Type Zincate (SiSiNOL‐Zn‐ate).
Authors: Nakamura Shinji , Uchiyama Masanobu , Ohwada Tomohiko 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Chlorination of 2,2,2,5‐Tetrachloro‐6‐methylbenzo[d]‐1,3,2‐dioxaphosphole.
Authors: Varaksina Elena N. , Mironov Vladimir F. , Shtyrlina Alfia A. , Dobrynin Alexey B. , Litvinov Igor A. , Konovalov Alexander I. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Stereoselective Syntheses of (.+‐.)‐Komaroviquinone (I) and (.+‐.)‐Faveline Methyl Ether (II) Through Intramolecular Heck Reaction.
Authors: Sengupta Sujaya , Drew Michael G. B. , Mukhopadhyay Ranjan , Achari Basudeb , Banerjee Asish Kr. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthetic Applications of Aliphatic Unsaturated α‐H‐α‐Amino Acids.
Authors: Kaiser Jasper , Kinderman Sape S. , van Esseveldt Bart C. J. , van Delft Floris L. , Schoemaker Hans E. , Blaauw Richard H. , Rutjes Floris P. J. T. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Spectroscopy and Femtosecond Dynamics of Type‐II CdTe/CdSe Core–Shell Quantum Dots
Authors: Chou Pi‐Tai , Chen Chun‐Yen , Cheng Chiu‐Ting , Pu Shih‐Chieh , Wu Kun‐Chan , Cheng Yi‐Ming , Lai Chih‐Wei , Chou Yi‐Hsuan , Chiu Hsin‐Tien 
Published: January 2006

AbstractSyntheses of CdTe/CdSe type‐II quantum dots (QDs) using CdO and CdCl2 as precursors for core and shell, respectively, are reported. Characterization was made via near‐IR interband emission, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Femtosecond fluorescence upconversion measurements on the relaxation dynamics of the CdTe core (in CdTe/CdSe) emission and CdTe/CdSe interband emission reveal that as the size of the core increases from 5.3, 6.1 to 6.9 nm, the rate of photoinduced electron separation decreases from 1.96, 1.44 to 1.07 ×1012 s−1. The finite rates of the initial charge separation are tentatively rationalized by the small electron–phonon coupling, causing weak coupling between the initial and charge‐separated states.
Photoinduced Energy‐ and Electron‐Transfer Processes in Dinuclear RuII–OsII, RuII–OsIII, and RuIII–OsII Trisbipyridine Complexes Containing a Shape‐Persistent Macrocyclic Spacer
Authors: Venturi Margherita , Marchioni Filippo , Ferrer Ribera Belén , Balzani Vincenzo , Opris Dorina M. , Schlüter A. Dieter 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe PF6− salt of the dinuclear [(bpy)2Ru(1)Os(bpy)2]4+ complex, where 1 is a phenylacetylene macrocycle which incorporates two 2,2′‐bipyridine (bpy) chelating units in opposite sites of its shape‐persistent structure, was prepared. In acetonitrile solution, the Ru‐ and Os‐based units display their characteristic absorption spectra and electrochemical properties as in the parent homodinuclear compounds. The luminescence spectrum, however, shows that the emission band of the RuII unit is almost completely quenched with concomitant sensitization of the emission of the OsII unit. Electronic energy transfer from the RuII to the OsII unit takes place by two distinct processes (ken=2.0×108 and 2.2×107 s−1 at 298 K). Oxidation of the OsII unit of [(bpy)2Ru(1)Os (bpy)2]4+ by CeIV or nitric acid leads quantitatively to the [(bpy)2RuII(1)OsIII(bpy)2]5+ complex which exhibits a bpy‐to‐OsIII charge‐transfer band at 720 nm (εmax=250 M−1 cm−1). Light excitation of the RuII unit of [(bpy)2RuII(1)OsIII(bpy)2]5+ is followed by electron transfer from the RuII to the OsIII unit (kel,f=1.6×108 and 2.7×107 s−1), resulting in the transient formation of the [(bpy)2RuIII(1)OsII(bpy)2]5+ complex. The latter species relaxes to the [(bpy)2RuII(1)OsIII(bpy)2]5+ one by back electron transfer (kel,b=9.1×107 and 1.2×107 s−1). The biexponential decays of the [(bpy)2*RuII(1)OsII(bpy)2]4+, [(bpy)2*RuII(1)OsIII(bpy)2]5+, and [(bpy)2RuIII(1)OsII(bpy)2]5+ species are related to the presence of two conformers, as expected because of the steric hindrance between hydrogen atoms of the pyridine and phenyl rings. Comparison of the results obtained with those previously reported for other Ru–Os polypyridine complexes shows that the macrocyclic ligand 1 is a relatively poor conducting bridge.
Conductivity of Oriented Bis‐azo Polymer Films
Authors: Apitz Dirk , Bertram Ralph Peter , Benter Nils , Sommer‐Larsen Peter , Johansen Per Michael , Buse Karsten 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe conductivity properties of electro‐optic, photoaddressable, dense bis‐azo chromophore polymer films are investigated by using samples corona poled at various temperatures. A dielectric spectrometer is applied to measure the frequency dependence of the conductivity at different temperatures before and after heating the material to above the glass transition temperature. The results show that the orientation of the chromophores changes the charge‐carrier mobility. Ionic conductivity dominates in a more disordered configuration of the material, while the competing process of hole hopping takes over as a transition to a liquid‐crystalline phase occurs when the material is heated to much higher than the glass transition temperature. Such microcrystallization strongly enhances the conductivity.
Ultra‐wideline 27Al NMR Investigation of Three‐ and Five‐Coordinate Aluminum Environments
Authors: Tang Joel A. , Masuda Jason D. , Boyle Timothy J. , Schurko Robert W. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractUltra‐wideline 27Al NMR experiments are conducted on coordination compounds with 27Al nuclei possessing immense quadrupolar interactions that result from exceptionally nonspherical coordination environments. NMR spectra are acquired using a methodology involving frequency‐stepped, piecewise acquisition of NMR spectra with Hahn‐echo or quadrupolar Carr–Purcell Meiboom–Gill (QCPMG) pulse sequences, which is applicable to any half‐integer quadrupolar nucleus with extremely broad NMR powder patterns. Despite the large breadth of these central transition powder patterns, ranging from 250 to 700 kHz, the total experimental times are an order of magnitude less than previously reported experiments on analogous complexes with smaller quadrupolar interactions. The complexes examined feature three‐ or five‐coordinate aluminum sites: trismesitylaluminum (AlMes3), tris(bis(trimethylsilyl)amino)aluminum (Al(NTMS2)3), bis[dimethyl tetrahydrofurfuryloxide aluminum] ([Me2‐Al(μ‐OTHF)]2), and bis[diethyl tetrahydrofurfuryloxide aluminum] ([Et2‐Al(μ‐OTHF)]2). We report some of the largest 27Al quadrupolar coupling constants measured to date, with values of CQ(27Al) of 48.2(1), 36.3(1), 19.9(1), and 19.6(2) MHz for AlMes3 , Al(NTMS2)3 , [Me2‐Al(μ‐OTHF)]2 , and [Et2‐Al(μ‐OTHF)]2 , respectively. X‐ray crystallographic data and theoretical (Hartree–Fock and DFT) calculations of 27Al electric field gradient (EFG) tensors are utilized to examine the relationships between the quadrupolar interactions and molecular structure; in particular, the origin of the immense quadrupolar interaction in the three‐coordinate species is studied via analyses of molecular orbitals.
Field Effect of Screened Charges: Electrical Detection of Peptides and Proteins by a Thin‐Film Resistor
Authors: Lud Simon Q. , Nikolaides Michael G. , Haase Ilka , Fischer Markus , Bausch Andreas R. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFor many biotechnological applications the label‐free detection of biomolecular interactions is becoming of outstanding importance. In this Article we report the direct electrical detection of small peptides and proteins by their intrinsic charges using a biofunctionalized thin‐film resistor. The label–free selective and quantitative detection of small peptides and proteins is achieved using hydrophobized silicon‐on‐insulator (SOI) substrates functionalized with lipid membranes that incorporate metal‐chelating lipids. The response of the nanometer‐thin conducting silicon film to electrolyte screening effects is taken into account to determine quantitatively the charges of peptides. It is even possible to detect peptides with a single charge and to distinguish single charge variations of the analytes even in physiological electrolyte solutions. As the device is based on standard semiconductor technologies, parallelization and miniaturization of the SOI‐based biosensor is achievable by standard CMOS technologies and thus a promising basis for high‐throughput screening or biotechnological applications.
Mohawk is a novel homeobox gene expressed in the developing mouse embryo
Authors: Anderson Douglas M. , Arredondo Jennifer , Hahn Katherine , Valente Graziela , Martin James F. , Wilson‐Rawls Jeanne , Rawls Alan 
Published: January 2006

AbstractHomeodomain‐containing proteins comprise a superfamily of transcription factors that participate in the regulation of almost all aspects of embryonic development. Here, we describe the mouse embryonic expression pattern of Mohawk, a new member of the TALE superclass of atypical homeobox genes that is most‐closely related to the Iroquois class. During mouse development, Mohawk was transcribed in cell lineages derived from the somites. As early as embryonic day 9.0, Mohawk was expressed in an anterior to posterior gradient in the dorsomedial and ventrolateral lips of the dermomyotome of the somites that normally give rise to skeletal muscle. Mohawk transcription in the dorsomedial region required the expression of the transcription factor paraxis. As somites matured, Mohawk transcription was observed in the tendon‐specific syndetome and the sclerotome‐derived condensing mesenchyme that prefigures the proximal ribs and vertebral bodies. In the limbs, Mohawk was expressed in a pattern consistent with the developing tendons that form along the dorsal and ventral aspect of the phalanges. Finally, Mohawk was detectable in the tips of the ureteric buds in the metanephric kidneys and the testis cords of the male gonad. Together, these observations suggest that Mohawk is an important regulator of vertebrate development. Developmental Dynamics 235:792–801, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
microRNAs under the microscope
Authors: Kiefer Julie C. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractOnce regarded as a biological anomaly, microRNAs (miRNAs) have since been recognized as a prevalent RNA species that regulates a wide array of biological processes, from fat storage and insulin secretion, to apoptosis and cell growth. Recent studies show that miRNAs are expressed at precise times and locations in embryonic development. Moreover, disruption of miRNA processing triggers widespread developmental defects. These findings bolster the idea that miRNAs also regulate multiple aspects of embryonic development. This primer focuses on the emerging roles of miRNAs in development. The basics of miRNA biogenesis and miRNA and mRNA target identification are covered, with an emphasis on miRNA function in development. The primer also features a dialog about current topics in the field. Developmental Dynamics 235:846–853, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Craniofacial development in marsupial mammals: Developmental origins of evolutionary change
Authors: Smith Kathleen K. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractBiologists have long studied the evolutionary consequences of the differences in reproductive and life history strategies of marsupial and eutherian mammals. Over the past few decades, the impact of these strategies on the development of the marsupial embryo and neonate has received attention. In this review, the differences in development in the craniofacial region in marsupial and eutherian mammals will be discussed. The review will highlight differences at the organogenic and cellular levels, and discuss hypotheses for shifts in the expression of important regulatory genes. The major difference in the organogenic period is a whole‐scale shift in the relative timing of central nervous system structures, in particular those of the forebrain, which are delayed in marsupials, relative to the structures of the oral–facial apparatus. Correlated with the delay in development of nervous system structures, the ossification of the bones of the neurocranium are delayed, while those of the face are accelerated. This study will also review work showing that the neural crest, which provides much of the cellular material to the facial skeleton and may also carry important patterning information, is notably accelerated in its development in marsupials. Potential consequences of these observations for hypotheses on constraint, evolutionary integration, and the existence of developmental modules is discussed. Finally, the implications of these results for hypotheses on the genetic modulation of craniofacial patterning are presented. Developmental Dynamics 235:1181–1193, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparative genomic and expression analysis of group B1 sox genes in zebrafish indicates their diversification during vertebrate evolution
Authors: Okuda Yuich , Yoda Hiroki , Uchikawa Masanori , Furutani‐Seiki Makoto , Takeda Hiroyuki , Kondoh Hisato , Kamachi Yusuke 
Published: January 2006

AbstractGroup B1 Sox genes encode HMG domain transcription factors that play major roles in neural development. We have identified six zebrafish B1 sox genes, which include pan‐vertebrate sox1a/b, sox2, and sox3, and also fish‐specific sox19a/b. SOX19A/B proteins show a transcriptional activation potential that is similar to other B1 SOX proteins. The expression of sox19a and sox3 begins at approximately the 1,000‐cell stage during embryogenesis and becomes confined to the future ectoderm by the shield stage. This is reminiscent of the epiblastic expression of Sox2 and/or Sox3 in amniotes. As development progresses, these six B1 sox genes display unique expression patterns that overlap distinctly from one region to another. sox19a expression is widespread in the early neuroectoderm, resembling pan‐neural Sox2 expression in amniotes, whereas zebrafish sox2 shows anterior‐restricted expression. Comparative genomics suggests that sox19a/b and mammalian Sox15 (group G) have an orthologous relationship and that the B1/G Sox genes arose from a common ancestral gene through two rounds of genome duplication. It seems likely, therefore, that each B1/G Sox gene has gained a distinct expression profile and function during vertebrate evolution. Developmental Dynamics 235:811–825, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bovine microvascular endothelial cells immortalized with human telomerase
Authors: Buser Raphaële , Montesano Roberto , Garcia Irène , Dupraz Philippe , Pepper Michael S. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractPrimary cultures of bovine microvascular endothelial cells (BME) isolated from the adrenal cortex, are commonly used to study vascular endothelium, but have a limited life span. To circumvent these limitations, we have immortalized BME cells with either simian virus 40 (SV40) or with a retrovirus containing the coding region of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), and have investigated whether the clonal populations obtained, maintain differentiated properties characteristic of microvascular endothelium. Immortalized cells were characterized for maintenance of typical endothelial morphology, marker expression, and functional characteristics including uptake of Acetylated low‐density lipoprotein (Ac‐LDL), capillary‐like tube formation in three‐dimensional collagen gels, as well as metalloproteinase (MMP) and plasminogen activator (PA)‐mediated extracellular proteolysis. Whilst immortalization of BME cells with SV40 was associated with loss of endothelial‐specific properties, hTERT–BME exhibited an endothelial phenotype similar to that of wild‐type endothelial cells. Specifically, they showed a typical cobblestone morphology, were contact‐inhibited, expressed endothelial cell‐specific markers (e.g., CD31, vWF) and both fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR‐1) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐2 (VEGFR‐2). In addition, they expressed receptors for LDL. Importantly, when grown on collagen gels, hTERT–BME cells underwent MMP‐dependent tube‐like structure formation in response to VEGFR‐2 activation. In a collagen gel sandwich assay, hTERT–BME formed tubular structures in the absence of exogenously added angiogenic cytokines. Sustained tube formation was induced by VEGF‐A alone or in combination with FGF‐2. From 17 sub‐clones that displayed a non‐transformed phenotype, a high proliferative capacity and tubulogenic properties in three‐dimensional collagen gels, we isolated two distinct subpopulations that display a highly specific response to VEGF‐A or to FGF‐2. We have generated hTERT–BME cells that maintain endothelial‐specific properties and function and have isolated clones that respond differentially to VEGF‐A or FGF‐2. These immortalized cell lines will facilitate the study of endothelial cell biology. J. Cell. Biochem. 98: 267–286, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.