bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of financial and social disclosure level of Ethiopian commercial banks
Authors: Chanie Degu Kefale , Malhotra Keshav , Aggarwal Monika 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDisclosures given by corporations are an important tool used as a communication mechanism between insiders and outsiders either investors or regulators who are seeking information for their decision-making. The study’s objective was to assess the level of financial and social disclosure by Ethiopian commercial banks. To achieve the objective 6 years of secondary data was collected from seventeen banks, mainly from the annual reports of banks. To measure the disclosure level of banks unweighted disclosure index measurement approach was used. To evaluate and analyse the level of financial and social disclosure descriptive statistics (such as mean, standard deviations, and independent t-test) were used. The analysis revealed that the average financial disclosure level of Ethiopian commercial banks during the study was 64.1%, whereas social disclosure was 50.8%. During the study period, both financial and social disclosure showed an increasing trend from year to year. However, the increasing trend of financial disclosure level is higher than the social disclosure level. Further, the independent t-test result showed that there is a statistically insignificant difference between the mean value of public and private banks’ disclosure levels. The study concludes that commercial banks in Ethiopia have a moderate level of financial and social disclosure. From the result, it is recommended that Ethiopian commercial banks should disclose more financial and social information to improve their disclosure level.
Applying machine learning algorithms to predict the stock price trend in the stock market – The case of Vietnam
Authors: Phuoc Tran , Anh Pham Thi Kim , Tam Phan Huy , Nguyen Chien V. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aims of this study are to predict the stock price trend in the stock market in an emerging economy. Using the Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm, and the corresponding technical analysis indicators for each stock code include: simple moving average (SMA), convergence divergence moving average (MACD), and relative strength index (RSI); and the secondary data from VN-Index and VN-30 stocks, the research results showed that the forecasting model has a high accuracy of 93% for most of the stock data used, demonstrating the appropriateness of the LSTM model and the test set data is used to evaluate the model’s performance. The research results showed that the forecasting model has a high accuracy of 93% for most of the stock data used, demonstrating the appropriateness of the LSTM model in analyzing and forecasting stock price movements on the machine learning platform.
Green public procurement in the most visited European museums: a comparison and a mapping
Authors: Plaček Michal , Rosell Jordi , Valentinov Vladislav , Křápek Milan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhile scholarly research on green public procurement (GPP) keeps growing, until now it has paid little attention to museums that must make decisions about GPP implementation. This paper breaks new ground by exploring GPP implementation in the most visited European museums. The proposed conceptual framework allows a comparison and a mapping of museums’ GPP implementation levels while taking account of how these levels are related to the national GPP performance. Complementing this framework with the analysis of the up-to-date data from the Tender Electronic Daily database yields two central findings. First, museums that formalized their GPP policies in their strategic organizational documents exhibit higher levels of GPP implementation than other museums that have not done so. Second, the majority of the investigated museums follow national trends of GPP implementation, with examples of exceeding or falling below these trends being rare. The article is important for policy makers and practitioners as it highlights the importance of the factor of institutionalization of green procurement in individual organizations, which is crucial for successful implementation of green procurement.
Assessing scale reliability in citizen science motivational research: lessons learned from two case studies in Uganda
Authors: Ashepet Mercy Gloria , Vranken Liesbet , Michellier Caroline , Dewitte Olivier , Mutyebere Rodgers , Kabaseke Clovis , Twongyirwe Ronald , Kanyiginya Violet , Kagoro-Rugunda Grace , Huyse Tine , Jacobs Liesbet 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCitizen science (CS) is gaining global recognition for its potential to democratize and boost scientific research. As such, understanding why people contribute their time, energy, and skills to CS and why they (dis)continue their involvement is crucial. While several CS studies draw from existing theoretical frameworks in the psychology and volunteering fields to understand motivations, adapting these frameworks to CS research is still lagging and applications in the Global South remain limited. Here we investigated the reliability of two commonly applied psychometric tests, the Volunteer Functions Inventory (VFI) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), to understand participant motivations and behaviour, in two CS networks in southwest Uganda, one addressing snail-borne diseases and another focused on natural hazards. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire administered to the CS participants and a control group that consisted of candidate citizen scientists, under group and individual interview settings. Cronbach’s alpha, as an a priori measure of reliability, indicated moderate to low reliability for the VFI and TPB factors per CS network per interview setting. With evidence of highly skewed distributions, non-unidimensional data, correlated errors and lack of tau-equivalence, alpha’s underlying assumptions were often violated. More robust measures, McDonald’s omega and Greatest lower bound, generally showed higher reliability but confirmed overall patterns with VFI factors systematically scoring higher, and some TPB factors—perceived behavioural control, intention, self-identity, and moral obligation—scoring lower. Metadata analysis revealed that most problematic items often had weak item–total correlations. We propose that alpha should not be reported blindly without paying heed to the nature of the test, the assumptions, and the items comprising it. Additionally, we recommend caution when adopting existing theoretical frameworks to CS research and propose the development and validation of context-specific psychometric tests tailored to the unique CS landscape, especially for the Global South.
Risk spillovers of carbon emissions in international trade: the role of disembodied technology communications
Authors: Liu Shun Jia , Li Jianping , Wu Dengsheng , Zhu Xiaoqian , Xu Xin Long 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCarbon emission reduction is an important means of achieving climate policy goals. However, the literature has neglected consideration of the carbon emission reduction mechanism from the perspective of technology risk spillovers in international trade. To explore this mechanism, this paper expands the classical linear model of foreign trade technology risk spillovers into a nonlinear spatial Durbin model. We construct a novel technology risk spillover index to forecast the magnitude of carbon emissions in agricultural trade across different regions. To validate our model, we consider the dual connotation of the spatial diffusion of disembodied technology communication (DTC) to map the relationships between different geographic and economic regions that are adjacent. The results suggest that disembodied technology risk spillover could promote carbon emission reductions. Specifically, technology risk spillovers from agricultural trade reduce agricultural carbon emissions by 0.79–1.16% in the local region. Disembodied technology risk spillovers also reduce agricultural carbon emissions by 2.85–11.57% in geographically adjacent regions and 4.9% in economically adjacent regions. Based on these conclusions, this paper proposes improving the closed and backward situation of rural areas in China’s central and western regions, promoting the transition toward the high end of the global agricultural industry chain and developing productive agricultural services and the rural cultural tourism industry to expand rural employment channels and stabilize farmers’ income.
Configurations of dipoles, moving charges and currents for dynamic spherical multipoles
Authors: Majic Matt , Geris Sophia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Configurations of dipoles, moving point charges and current loops are presented for the dynamic spherical multipoles of the electric and magnetic type, whose fields are the vector spherical wave functions (VSWFs). The configurations produce the VSWFs of a specific degree and order in the limit that they become infinitely small. We find frequency independent configurations for up to degree n = 5 or higher in some cases, which exceeds the current range of configurations in the literature for up to n = 3, and our configurations for n = 3 are simpler. We also investigate the link with anapoles and toroidal multipoles.
Voltage control of electromagnetic properties in antiferromagnetic materials
Authors: Xu Xinyi , Semenov Yuriy G , Wook Kim Ki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Dynamic modulation of electromagnetic responses is theoretically examined in dielectric antiferromagnets (AFMs). While both magneto-electric and magneto-elastic coupling can achieve robust electrical control of magnetic anisotropy, the latter is considered in a bilayer structure with a piezoelectric material. Numerical calculations based on the frequency-dependent permeability tensor clearly illustrate that the anisotropy profile in the typical dielectric AFMs such as NiO and Cr2O3 can be modified sufficiently to induce a shift in the resonance frequency by as much as tens of percent in the sub-mm wavelength range (thus, an electrically tunable bandwidth over 10’s of GHz). The polarization of the electromagnetic response is also affected due to the anisotropic nature of the effect, offering a possibility to encode the signal. The intrinsic delay in switching may be minimized to the ns level by using a sufficiently thin AFM. Application to specific devices such as a bandpass filter further illustrates the validity of the concept.
Visualizing pursed lips breathing of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease through evaluation of global and regional ventilation using electrical impedance tomography
Authors: Yang Lin , Gao Zhijun , Cao Xinsheng , Wang Chunchen , Wang Hang , Dai Jing , Liu Yang , Qin Yilong , Dai Meng , Zhang Binghua , Zhao Ke , Zhao Zhanqi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective. This study aims to explore the possibility of using electrical impedance tomography (EIT) to assess pursed lips breathing (PLB) performance of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods. 32 patients with COPD were assigned equally to either the conventional group or the EIT guided group. All patients were taught to perform PLB by a physiotherapist without EIT in the conventional group or with EIT in the EIT guided group for 10 min. The ventilation of all patients in the final test were continuously monitored using EIT and the PLB performances were rated by another physiotherapist before and after reviewing EIT. The global and regional ventilation between two groups as well as between quite breathing (QB) and PLB were compared and rating scores with and without EIT were also compared. Results. For global ventilation, the inspiratory depth and the ratio of expiratory-to-inspiratory time during PLB was significantly larger than those during QB for both group (P < 0.001). The inspiratory depth and the ratio of expiratory-to-inspiratory time during PLB in the EIT guided group were higher compared to those in the conventional group (P < 0.001), as well as expiratory flow expiratory uniformity and respiratory stability were better (P < 0.001). For regional ventilation, center of ventilation significantly decreased during PLB (P < 0.05). The expiratory time constant during PLB in the EIT guided group was greater than that in the conventional group (P < 0.001). Additionally, Bland–Altman plots analysis suggested a high concordance between subjective rating and rating with the help of EIT, but the score rated after EIT observation significantly lower than that rated subjectively in both groups (score drop of −2.68 ± 1.1 in the conventional group and −1.19 ± 0.72 in the EIT guided group, P < 0.01). Conclusion. EIT could capture the details of PLB maneuver, which might be a potential tool to quantitatively evaluate PLB performance and thus assist physiotherapists to teach PLB maneuver to patients.
The effective field theory approach to the strong coupling issue in f(T) gravity with a non-minimally coupled scalar field
Authors: Hu Yu-Min , Yu Yang , Cai Yi-Fu , Gao Xian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Hamiltonian analysis for f(T) gravity implies the existence of at least one
scalar-type degree of freedom (DoF). However, this scalar DoF of f(T) gravity does not manifest
in linear perturbations around a cosmological background, which indicates an underlying strong
coupling problem. In this work we expand the scope by introducing an extra scalar field
non-minimally coupled to f(T) gravity, aiming to address or alleviate the aforementioned strong
coupling problem. Employing the effective field theory (EFT) approach, we provide a class of
torsional EFT forms up to second order operators, avoiding the Ostrogradsky ghost. To illustrate
this phenomenon, we study a simple model and perform a detailed analysis of its linear scalar
perturbations. The results demonstrate that the coupling terms in this toy model are necessary to
avoid the initial degenerate situation. The complete avoidance of new constraints requires more
coupling terms. Once this vanishing scalar DoF starts propagating in cosmological background at
linear level, this phenomenon will demand a revisit of the strong coupling issue that arises in
f(T) gravity, particularly in the presence of matter coupling.
Cloud Identification and Reconstruction from All-sky Camera Images Based on Star Photometry Estimation
Authors: Zhi 支 Hui 挥 , Wang 王 Jianfeng 建峰 , Zhang 张 Xiaoming 晓明 , Ge 葛 Jiayi 家驿 , Zeng 曾 Xianqun 显群 , Xie 谢 Haiwen 海闻 , Wang 王 Jia-Qi 佳琪 , Jiang 姜 Xiao-Jun 晓军 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Cloud cover significantly influences ground-based optical astronomical observations, with nighttime astronomy often relying on visible light all-sky cameras for cloud detection. However, existing algorithms for processing all-sky cloud images typically require extensive manual intervention, posing challenges in identifying clouds with pronounced extinction characteristics. Furthermore, there is a lack of effective means for detailed visualization of cloud cover. To address these issues, this paper proposes a method that reconstructs the cloud distribution and thickness from all-sky images through star identification and photometry. Specifically, a high-precision star coordinate to the pixel position imaging model calibration method based on the star recognition for fisheye lenses is investigated, resulting in an all-sky rms error of less than 0.87 pixels. Based on the comprehensive reference star catalog, an optimized star extraction method based on SExtractor is developed to handle the difficulty of image source detection in all-sky cloud images. The optical thickness and distribution of cloud layers is calculated through star matching and extinction measurements. Finally, contingent upon the capability of camera and catalog star density, seven cloud layer reconstruction methods are proposed based on meshing and machine learning techniques, achieving a reconstruction accuracy of up to 1.°8. The processing results from real observed images indicate that the proposed method offers a straightforward calibration process and delivers excellent cloud cover extraction and reconstruction outcomes, thereby providing practical value in telescope dynamic scheduling, site characterization and the development of observation strategies.
WT-FCTGN: A wavelet-enhanced fully connected time-gated neural network for complex noisy traffic flow modeling
Authors: Liao 廖 Zhifang 志芳 , Sun 孙 Ke 轲 , Liu 刘 Wenlong 文龙 , Yu 余 Zhiwu 志武 , Liu 刘 Chengguang 承光 , Song 宋 Yucheng 禹成 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Accurate forecasting of traffic flow provides a powerful traffic decision-making basis for an intelligent transportation system. However, the traffic data’s complexity and fluctuation, as well as the noise produced during collecting information and summarizing original data of traffic flow, cause large errors in the traffic flow forecasting results. This article suggests a solution to the above mentioned issues and proposes a fully connected time-gated neural network based on wavelet reconstruction (WT-FCTGN). To eliminate the potential noise and strengthen the potential traffic trend in the data, we adopt the methods of wavelet reconstruction and periodic data introduction to preprocess the data. The model introduces fully connected time-series blocks to model all the information including time sequence information and fluctuation information in the flow of traffic, and establishes the time gate block to comprehend the periodic characteristics of the flow of traffic and predict its flow. The performance of the WT-FCTGN model is validated on the public PeMS data set. The experimental results show that the WT-FCTGN model has higher accuracy, and its mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean square error (RMSE) are obviously lower than those of the other algorithms. The robust experimental results prove that the WT-FCTGN model has good anti-noise ability.
Digitization of Astronomical Photographic Plates of China and Astrometric Measurement of Single-exposure Plates
Authors: Shang 商 Zheng-Jun 正君 , Yu 于 Yong 涌 , Wang 王 Liang-Liang 亮亮 , Yang 杨 Mei-Ting 美婷 , Yang 杨 Jing 静 , Shen 沈 Shi-Yin 世银 , Liu 刘 Min 敏 , Xu 徐 Quan-Feng 权峰 , Cui 崔 Chen-Zhou 辰州 , Fan 樊 Dong-Wei 东卫 , Tang 唐 Zheng-Hong 正宏 , Zhao 赵 Jian-Hai 建海 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
From the mid-19th century to the end of the 20th century, photographic plates served as the primary detectors for astronomical observations. Astronomical photographic observations in China began in 1901, and over a century, a total of approximately 30,000 astronomical photographic plates were captured. These historical plates play an irreplaceable role in conducting long-term, time-domain astronomical research. To preserve and explore these valuable original astronomical observational data, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory has organized the transportation of plates, taken during nighttime observations from various stations across the country, to the Sheshan Plate Archive for centralized preservation. For the first time, plate information statistics were calculated. On this basis, the plates were cleaned and digitally scanned, and finally digitized images were acquired for 29,314 plates. In this study, using Gaia DR2 as the reference star catalog, astrometric processing was carried out successfully on 15,696 single-exposure plates, including object extraction, stellar identification, and plate model computation. As a result, for long focal length telescopes, such as the 40 cm double-tube refractor telescope, the 1.56 m reflector telescope at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, and the 1m reflecting telescope at Yunnan Astronomical Observatory, the astrometric accuracy obtained for their plates is approximately 0.″1–0.″3. The distribution of astrometric accuracy for medium and short focal length telescopes ranges from 0.″3 to 1.″0. The relevant data of this batch of plates, including digitized images and a stellar catalog of the plates, are archived and released by the National Astronomical Data Center. Users can access and download plate data based on keywords such as station, telescope, observation year, and observed celestial coordinates.
Prospects of the Multi-channel Photometric Survey Telescope in the Cosmological Application of Type Ia Supernovae
Authors: Wang Zhenyu , Zhang Jujia , Er Xinzhong , Bai Jinming 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Multi-channel Photometric Survey Telescope (Mephisto) is a real-time, three-color photometric system designed to capture the color evolution of stars and transients accurately. This telescope system can be crucial in cosmological distance measurements of low-redshift (low-z, z ≲0.1) Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). To optimize the capabilities of this instrument, we perform a comprehensive simulation study before its official operation is scheduled to start. By considering the impact of atmospheric extinction, weather conditions, and the lunar phase at the observing site involving the instrumental features, we simulate light curves of SNe Ia obtained by Mephisto. The best strategy in the case of SN Ia cosmology is to take the image at an exposure time of 130 s with a cadence of 3 days. In this condition, Mephisto can obtain hundreds of high-quality SNe Ia to achieve a distance measurement better than 4.5%. Given the on-time spectral classification and monitoring of the Lijiang 2.4 m Telescope at the same observatory, Mephisto, in the whole operation, can significantly enrich the well-calibrated sample of supernovae at low-z and improve the calibration accuracy of high-z SNe Ia.
Health benefits to the pediatric population from reduction of ambient particulate matter in Krakow, Poland
Authors: Pac Agnieszka , Majewska Renata , Nidecka Natalia , Sochacka-Tatara Elzbieta , Perera Frederica P 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
There have been few assessments of the health benefits to children of policies aimed at curbing fossil fuel-related air pollution. This has resulted in a lack of awareness regarding their positive impact on the health of this vulnerable population. We estimated the pediatric health benefits of policies targeting coal burning in one of Europe’s most polluted cities, Kraków, Poland. We combined available data on child health outcomes, related concentration-response functions, childhood population counts, and concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 based on city-wide air monitoring in Kraków. Two exposure reduction scenarios were examined. First, we used the observed decrease in air pollutant concentrations between 2010 and 2019. Second, we hypothesized a reduction to the annual World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guideline values issued in 2005. Between 2010 and 2019, the mean annual air pollution levels in Kraków decreased for both PM2.5 and PM10. Annual average PM2.5 concentrations declined by 39.1%, reaching 23.3 μg m−3; PM10 dropped by 39.2% to 34.6 μg m−3. These reductions in air pollution can be linked to numerous actions undertaken at local and national levels. We estimate that the forgone benefits in 2010 from not having achieved the PM levels observed in 2019 (on an annual basis) included: 505 (35.7%) fewer incident cases of asthma in the 1–14 age group, 81 fewer preterm births (16.8% decrease), 52 fewer cases of low birth weight (12.3% decrease), and 59 avoided asthma hospitalizations in 0–18 year olds. Compliance with the 2005 WHO PM2.5 guidelines in 2010 would have avoided 780 incident asthma cases in the 1–14 age group (54.5% decrease), 138 preterm births (28.3% decrease), and 90 cases of low birth weight (21.2% reduction) and 219 (54.2%) fewer asthma hospitalizations in 0–18 year olds. Large health benefits were also estimated for PM10 in both scenarios. This study estimated substantial health benefits for children in Kraków, which were largely attributable to clean air policies that restrict the use of coal and other solid fuels. Kraków provides a model for other cities in Europe and beyond that are affected by coal pollution and have high rates of preterm birth, low birth weight, and respiratory illness.