bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective induction of endothelial cell tissue factor in the presence of a tumour‐derived mediator: A potential mechanism of flavone acetic acid action in tumour vasculature
Authors: Clifford Murray J. , Clauss Matthias , Denekamp Juliana , Stern David 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFlavone acetic acid (FAA) is a potentially useful anti‐tumour agent which has been reported to induce changes in tumour vasculature, in particular loss of bloodflow. This led us to examine whether endothelium could be a cellular target of FAA action, with resultant modulation of cell‐surface coagulant properties leading to activation of coagulation and blockade of tumour blood flow. Incubation of endothelium with FAA led to the expression of functional tissue factor on the cell surface, in a time‐dependent and dose‐dependent (half‐maximal at 0.6‐0.7 mg/ml) manner. Induction of tissue‐factor activity resulted from de novo translation of the tissue factor message. To explain the selectivity of FAA's action on tumour vasculature in vivo, we considered its interaction with tumour‐derived factors. Starting with serum‐free FO‐I‐melanoma cell‐conditioned medium, a co‐factor enhancing FAA‐mediated induction of endothelial tissue factor (FO‐I factor) was partially purified by sequential ion exchange and reverse phase chromatography, followed by preparative SDS‐PAGE. The FO‐I factor migrates with an apparent Mr of approx. 20 to 25,000 on non‐reduced SDS‐PAGE, is sensitive to protease K, and augments the effect of FAA on endothelial‐cell‐tissue factor. This activity is not found in supernatants from non‐neoplastically transformed cell lines. These data lead us to hypothesize that FAA exerts its action, at least in part, by promoting activation of coagulation on the endothelial surface, and this effect is selective for the tumour bed by virtue of its interaction with a tumour‐derived factor. The interaction of FAA with host factors may be important for optimizing its therapeutic efficacy for a particular tumour.
Synergistic anti‐tumor effects of combined IL‐1/IFN‐α/β therapy in mice injected with met astatic friend erythroleukemia cells
Authors: Belardelli F. , Gabriele L. , Proietti E. , Sestili P. , Peretti M. , Rozera C. , Gresser I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPeritumoral injection of relatively low doses of either mouse interferon (IFN)‐α/β (10,000‐20,000 unit/injection) or of recombinant human interleukin‐I (IL‐1) β (125‐250 ng/ injection) in mice transplanted S.C. with Friend erythroleukemia cells (FLC) resulted in some inhibition of primary tumor growth, inhibition of liver and splenic metastases and increased survival time. A synergistic anti‐tumor effect was observed in mice injected with both IL‐l and IFN‐α/β. Highly purified mouse IFN‐β also exerted a synergistic anti‐tumor effect when combined with IL‐I‐β in mice injected with FLC. The anti‐tumor action of IL‐I/IFN was markedly reduced in mice treated with antibodies to CD4 antigens. Antibodies to asialo‐GM1 also diminished the anti‐tumor effect by the combined cytokine treatment. The combined IL‐I/IFN therapy was effective in NK‐deficient bg/bg mice, although the extent of the anti‐tumor response in these mice was less than that observed in bg/+ mice.
Subcellular localization, redistribution and photobleaching of sulfonated aluminum phthalocyanines in a human melanoma cell line
Authors: Peng Q. , Farrants G. W. , Madslien K. , Bommer J. C. , Moan J. , Danielsen H. E. , Nesland J. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIntracellular localization, intracellular translocation and photobleaching following non‐lethal laser microirradiation of the fluorescing derivatives of sulfonated aluminum phthalocyanines (A1‐PcSn, n = 1‐4) in a human melanoma cell line (LOX) were studied by means of confocal laser scanning microxopy (LSM) and image processing. Use of confocal microscopy allowed 3‐dimensional information to be obtained. Both A1‐PcS1, and A1‐PcS2, localized diffusely in the cytoplasm of the cells, while A1‐PcS3, and A1‐PcS4, exhibited a granular pattern in the extranuclear fraction of the cells. None of the A1‐PcSn, family was observed in the nuclei of the cells except that a small fraction of fluorescence was occasionally detected in nuclei of some cells treated with A1‐PcS1, and A1‐PcS2. Furthermore, exactly the same granular localization patterns and positions in the same cells were found after incubation initially with A1‐PcS3, (or A1‐PcS4,) followed by acridine orange (AO) which emits red fluorescence from lysosomes of cells. Thus, the granular fluorescence of A1‐PcS3, and A1‐PcS4, is confined to the lysosomes of the LOX cells. Non‐lethal laser exposure of cells incubated with high concentrations of the 2 dyes resulted in a translocation of the dyes from the lysosomes to the whole cytoplasm and an increase in total intracellular fluorescence intensity. Finally, a small fraction of the dyes localized into the nuclei of the cells. The laser exposure of cells incubated with low concentrations of the lysosomally localized dyes resulted in an increase in the intracellular fluorescence intensity with no translocation of the dyes. Under all conditions, high laser exposure resulted in a decrease in the total intracellular fluorescence intensity.
Tumoricidal alveolar macrophage and tumor infiltrating macrophage cell lines
Authors: Palleroni Alicia V. , Varesio Luigi , Wright Rosemary B. , Brunda Michael J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractContinuous alveolar macrophage (AM) and tumorinfiltrated (TIM) cell lines have been generated from C57B16J mice by in vitro infection with the J2 retrovirus carrying the v‐raf and v‐myc oncogens. Four cloned AM cell lines (AMJ2‐C8, AMJ2‐C10, AMJ2‐C11, AMJ2‐C20) and 3 cloned TIM cell lines (TIMJ2‐C4, TIMJ2‐C7 and TIMJ2‐C15) were expanded for further characterization. Flow cytometry detected the product of the raf gene in the cytoplasm of all these cell lines. Studies on the tumoricidal properties of these AM and TIM cell lines demonstrated differences in their response to a panel of known macrophage activators. Four of these cell lines (AMJ2‐C8, AMJ2‐C10, TIMJ2‐C7 and TIMJ2‐C15) were activated following exposure to recombinant murine interferon gamma (rMuIFN‐γ) but not lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or muramyl dipeptide (MDP). AMJ2‐C20 was only activated by incubation with rMuIFN‐γ plus LPS. AMJ2‐C11 and TIMJ2‐C4 are the cell lines that most closely resembled the response pattern of the parental AM and TIM, since they could be activated by either the combination of rMuIFN‐γ plus LPS or rMuIFN‐γ plus MDP. Constitutive expression of MHC‐class‐II antigens was low on AMJ2‐C11 or TIMJ2‐C4 but was increased following exposure to rMuIFN‐γ. Neither cell line secreted substantial amounts of IL‐1 or TNF but both secreted large amounts of IL‐6. Thus these cell lines could be powerful tools to study AM and TIM activation and cytotoxicity.
Survival of leukemic cells in a dormant state following cyclophosphamide‐induced cure of strongly immunogenic mouse leukemia (DL811)
Authors: Matsuzawa Akio , Takeda Yasutaka , Narita Mutsumi , Ozawa Hideki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe B‐cell leukemia line, DL811, established in DDD mice, has been characterized by strong immunogenicity leading to occasional spontaneous cure with tumor dormancy. Cyclophosphamide (CY) is an available chemo‐immunotherapeutic agent. The effects of CY on the cure and dormancy of DL811 leukemias were investigated. Simultaneous injection of DL811 cells and CY into athymic nude mice revealed that DL811 cells were sensitive to CY doses of 0.5 mg and more per mouse in a dose‐related manner. A single dose of 1 mg CY on day 7 after DL811 cell inoculation was most curative of disseminated leukemias (cure rate: 50‐80%) as compared with other single CY doses at different times. Cured mice were strongly immune to DL811 leukemias. This therapeutic modality had no curative effect in athymic nude mice. Relapses occurred occasionally in CY‐cured mice and most relapsed tumors had the same surface phenotype as that of the DL811 leukemia. In comparison with DL811 leukemias, however, relapsed tumors were less sensitive to rejection by cured mice and less frequently cured by a single dose of 1 mg CY on day 7 of inoculation, implying that they changed in antigenicity and drug sensitivity. Whole‐body irradiation of 400 rad γ‐rays to cured mice raised the incidence of relapses from 22.9 to 44.7% and that of deaths from relapses from 8.6 to 26.3%. Thus, leukemic cells may survive against host immune surveillance in a dormant state and relapse after changing their immunologic and chemotherapeutic natures. Lyt‐2+, L3T4‐ T cells appeared to mediate host anti‐tumor immunity to eradicate leukemic cells and maintain dormant state.
Production and characterization of two immunotoxins specific for M5b ANLL leukaemia
Authors: Tecce R. , Fraioli R. , De Fabritiis P. , Sandrelli A. , Savarese A. , Santoro L. , Cuomo M. , Natali P. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe the production and functional characterization of 2 monocytic‐cell‐lineage‐specific immunotoxins constructed with saporin emitoxin (SAP) from Saponaria officinalis. Interest in the production of these immunotoxins, of possible clinical relevance, has been raised by the availability of 2 MAbs of high specificity for circulating monocytes and M5b ANLL, thus envisaging their potential use in bone‐marrow purging. SAP emitoxin was selected on the basis of the low cytotoxicity in unconjugated form, as opposed to highly specific cytotoxicity and favourable pharmacokinetical properties in the conjugated form. SPDP conjugation produced immunotoxins which retained serological specificity and protein‐synthesis‐inhibitory activity. The 2 immunotoxins did not interfere with bone‐marrow progenitor‐cell growth in a CFU‐GM colony assay. On the contrary, they were capable of killing monocytic cells selectively, as demonstrated in phenotypical and functional assays. Thus these 2 novel immunotoxins appear to be promising reagents in purging autologous bone marrow prior to transplantation in patients suffering from monocytic leukaemia.
Changes in glycolipids in human renal‐cell carcinoma and their clinical significance
Authors: Sito Seiichi , Orikasa Seiichi , Ohyama Chikara , Satoh Makoto , Fukushi Yasuo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe expression patterns of glycolipids of human renal‐cell carcinoma were studied in primary tumors from 23 cases and 5 metastatic lesions from 4 cases using HPTLC (high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography). The expression pattern of glycolipids in primary tumors was characteristic of the histological cell type. In granular‐cell carcinoma, lactosylceramide (CDH), GM3 and the longer‐chain gangliosides (gangliosides migrating more slowly than GM3) increased, although in clear‐cell carcinoma, CDH and other glycolipids tended to decrease. Globoside decreased in all cases but one, irrespective of cell type. In metastatic lesions of the clear‐cell type, the prominent increase in longer‐chain gangliosides was characteristic. Furthermore, the same expression pattern as that of metastastatic lesions was shown in 3 of 14 patients with primary clear‐cell carcinoma, all of whom developed metastases soon after radical nephrectomy. These studies indicate that the increased expression of the longer‐chain gangliosides in primary tumor is one of the factors associated with high metastatic potential, and also predict early post‐operative development of metastasis.
Effects of HC antibody in autologous tumor‐specific cytotoxicity by human melanoma tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes
Authors: Mansfield Paul F. , Salmeron Marie A. , Rosenblum Michael G. , Itoh Kyogo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHeteroconjugate (HC) antibody has a potential use in cancer biotherapy because of its ability to mimic antigenic specificity and induce cytotoxicity in the activated lymphocytes against various tumor cells. This study investigated the effects of HC antibody (anti‐CD3 MAb x anti‐p97 melanoma cell MAb) in autologous tumor‐specific cytotoxicity by interleukin‐2 (IL‐2)‐activated melanoma tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). HC antibody significantly augmented p97pos uncultured autologous tumor cell lysis mediated by effector TILs or cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones derived from TIL. It did not significantly increase p97mix autologous tumor‐cell lysis and slightly inhibited the lysis only at higher E:T ratios and higher concentrations (≥ 100 ng/ml). It inhibited p97neg autologous tumor‐cell lysis. HC antibody respectively induced potent lysis of p97pos or modest lysis of p97mix tumor cells by allogeneic effector TILs as well as PBMC. In contrast, parental anti‐CD3 MAb primarily suppressed the autologous tumor‐specific cytotoxicity, and did not induce lysis of uncultured melanoma cells, regardless of differences in expression of p97 antigens on tumor cells. Although parental anti‐p97 MAb did not augment or suppress the autologous tumor‐specific cytotoxicity, it completely abrogated HC antibody‐mediated augmentation of p97pos autologous tumor cell lysis by effector TILs. Anti‐class‐IMAb, but not anti‐DR MAb, suppressed the autologous tumor‐specific cytotoxicity, but failed to block HC antibody‐mediated augmentation of p97pos autologous tumor‐cell lysis. These results suggest that the levels of p97 antigen expression largely influenced HC antibody‐mediated modulation of TIL cytotoxicity against uncultured autologous tumor cells.
Tra‐1‐60: A new serum marker in patients with germ‐cell tumors
Authors: Marrink J. , Andrews P. W. , Van Brummen P. J. , De Jong H. J. , Sleijfer D. T. H. , Schraffordt Koops H. , Oosterhuis J. W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTRA‐1‐60 is a monoclonal antibody (MAb) that recognizes a mucin‐like antigenic determinant expressed on the surface of embryonal carcinoma (EC) progenitor cells. In order to determine whether this antigen is released into the serum of patients with a non‐seminomatous germ‐cell tumor (NSGCT), we developed a sensitive 2‐step immunoenzymometric assay. Of 42 EC‐positive NSGCT patients tested, 32 (76%) were found to release TRA‐1‐60‐reactive antigen into their serum, in contrast to 1 positive finding in 10 EC‐negative NSGCT patients. The marker was found in 67% (10/15) of the EC‐positive patients who were negative for both AFP and HCG. Sera from seminoma patients did not contain elevated levels of the TRA‐1‐60 antigen. Therefore, we propose that the TRA‐1‐60 antigen is a useful additional serum marker for following the progress of NSGCT(EC+) patients.
Prevalence of HTLV‐I and HTLV‐II infection in gabon, africa: Comparison of the serological and pcr results
Authors: Delaporte Eric , Monplaisir Nicole , Louwagie Joost , Peeters Martine , Martin‐Prével Yves , Louis Jean‐Paul , Trebucq Arnaud , Bedjabaga Léonard , Ossari Simon , Honoré Cécile , Larouzé Bernard , d'Auriol Luc , Van DerGroen Guido , Piot Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA cluster sampling survey was performed in 1989 in Libreville, Gabon, to determine HTLV‐1 and HTLV‐11 prevalence and to compare the efficacy of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and serology in detecting HTLV‐1 and HTLV‐11 infections. A total 322 sera from adults were tested by ELISA and by Western blot (WB). The WB patterns were interpreted according to WHO criteria and those of the manufacturer. PCR analysis using primer pairs in the gag and pol region, with a specific probe for HTLV‐1 and HTLV‐11, was performed on the lymphocytes of the 322 adults. In addition, 134/322 samples were re‐tested with tax primers, in a second laboratory. Using WHO criteria, 8/322 (2.5%) samples were positive on WB and 25 were indeterminate; with the criteria of the kit, 26/322 (8.1%) were positive and 7 were indeterminate by WB. By PCR, 13 (4%) samples were positive, including 12 for HTLV‐1 (3.7%) and one for HTLV‐11 (0.3%). All 8 seropositive samples (by the WHO criteria) were positive by PCR, as were 4 out of 25 indeterminate samples. Only one out of 289 seronegative samples was positive by PCR. In contrast, only 12/26 positive samples by the kit criteria were confirmed by PCR. These results confirm the relatively high HTLV‐1/11 seroprevalence observed in Gabon. HTLV‐1 infection is preponderant, but HTLV‐11 is also present. The WHO criteria for WB give a better fit with PCR results than the kit criteria for WB. In the absence of a specific confirmatory test and based on the uncommon „seronegative”︁ HTLV‐1/11 infection, the indication for PCR appears limited to the positive WB samples (to differentiate HTLV‐1 and 11 infection) and to the indeterminate WB samples.
Effect of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption in the etiology of cancers of the digestive tract
Authors: Choi Soo Yong , Kahyo Hiroaki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study presents the comparative patterns of risk of selected digestive tract cancers (esophagus, stomach, colon, rectum and liver) for males in relation to cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking, based on the data from case‐control studies conducted in the Korea Cancer Center Hospital (KCCH). There was strong positive association between cigarette smoking and esophageal cancer, but none of the other sites was significantly related to cigarette smoking. In esophageal cancer, a dose‐ dependent effect for cigarette smoking was observed, with the odds ratio ranging from 1.29 for ever smoking up to 1 pack daily to 3.17 for smokers of more than 2 packs per day. The risk declined markedly following cessation of smoking. Cancers of the esophagus, rectum and liver were strongly related to alcohol consumption. Compared with non‐drinkers, the OR for heavy drinkers was 9.14 in esophageal cancer, 4.75 in rectal cancer and 2.46 in liver cancer. In cancer of the stomach and colon, however, there was no association with alcohol drinking.
Autocrine control of human meningioma proliferation: Secretion of platelet‐derived growth‐factor‐like molecules
Authors: Adams Eric F. , Todo T. , Schrell U. M. H. , Thierauf P. , White M. C. , Fahlbusch R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have used cell‐culture techniques to investigate growth‐ factor production by human meningioma cells. Meningioma tissue was dispersed with collagenase and the cells grown to high density in tissue‐culture flasks. The cultures were used to generate conditioned medium (MEN‐CM), which was used to cultivate IMR32 cells (a human neuroblastoma line) and freshly dispersed primary meningioma cells. MEN‐CM profoundly stimulated the in vitro growth of both IMR32 and meningioma cells. In addition, H3‐thymidine uptake by cultured meningioma cells was increased in a dose‐dependent manner by varying concentrations of MEN‐CM. A neutralizing anti‐body against platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) completely abolished the stimulatory effects of MEN‐CM, whereas an antibody against TGF‐α was without effect. The mitogenic activity of MEN‐CM, as assayed by promotion of H3‐thymidine uptake by cultured meningioma cells, eluted from a Sephadex G‐100 column in 3 peaks corresponding to molecular weights of ≥ 150, 56 and 28 kDa. Our results show that proliferation of human meningiomas may be under autocrine control via secretion of PDGF‐like molecules.
Increased ether lipid cytotoxicity by reducing membrane cholesterol content
Authors: Diomede Luisa , Piovani Bianca , Modest Edward J. , Noseda Alessandro , Salmona Mario 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEther‐linked glycerophospholipids (ether lipids, EL) are selectively toxic and anti‐proliferative agents against cancer cells in vitro. The reason for such selectivity is not completely clear. Their mechanism of action is mediated through an interaction with the plasma membrane and the membrane lipid composition may modulate it. As a continuation of previous reports, we now present data showing that cholesterol concentration modulates EL toxicity in the K562, U937 and MOLT4 leukemic cell lines in vitro. Cells become sensitive to otherwise ineffective doses of EL when their cholesterol content is lowered. Cell cholesterol levels were reduced by exposure to an egg lipid mixture (neutral glycerides, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, AL721). The data contribute to an understanding of the EL mechanism of action on membranes and suggest that the cellular cholesterol concentration must be considered a major factor in modulating the cytotoxic effects of EL.
Activation of an alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP)/receptor autocrine loop in HT‐29 human colon carcinoma cells
Authors: Esteban Cristina , Geuskens Maurice , Uriel José 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImmunological and morphological approaches have been used to demonstrate, respectively, alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) synthesis and receptor expression in the HT‐29 human colon carcinoma parental cell line. HT‐29 cells cultivated in the presence of glucose synthesized and secreted AFP in the medium from 48 to 96 hr after seeding, as revealed by monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to human AFP. Light microscopic observations of cells incubated with fluoresceinated AFP showed that the protein was specifically bound to the cell surface at 4°C, and was internalized in the cytoplasm at 37°C. At the ultrastructural level, horseradish peroxidase (HRP)‐conjugated AFP, as well as HRP‐transferrin (Tf) (used as control), appeared to be internalized via coated pits and vesicles before being delivered to endosomes, from which they were apparently recycled back to the cell surface via small vesicles. Our results suggest that a AFP/receptor autocrine pathway might operate in these cells, be preferentially active at the beginning of the exponential phase of cell culture growth, and contribute to cell proliferation.
Immunotoxins constructed with anti‐CD25 monoclonal antibodies and deglycosylated ricin a‐chain have potent anti‐tumour effects against human hodgkin cells in vitro and solid hodgkin tumours in mice
Authors: Engert Andreas , Martin Gary , Amlot Peter , Wijdenes John , Diehl Volker , Thorpe Philip 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the IL‐2 receptor α‐chain (CD25) were evaluated as ricin A‐chain immunotoxins for the treatment of Hodgkin's disease. Primary screening used an indirect assay in which the cells were treated with the test antibody followed by a Fab immunotoxin against mouse immunoglobulin. This screening identified 5 MAbs which inhibited protein synthesis in L540 Hodgkin cells by 50% at a concentration (IC50) of 6 × 10−11 M or less: RFT5γ1, RFT5γ2a, B‐B10, B‐F2 and B‐G3. These MAbs were then linked directly to deglycosylated ricin A‐chain (dgA) and were confirmed to have potent and specific toxicity for L540 cells. The immunotoxins had the following potency order: RFT5γ1 > RFT5γ2a > B‐B10 > B‐F2 > B‐G3. The most effective immunotoxin, RFT5γ1.dgA, had an IC50 value of 7 × 10−12 M, which is the same as that of whole ricin. In vivo, a single intravenous injection of 48 μg of RFT5γ1.dgA, RFT5γ2a.dgA, B‐B10.dgA or B‐F2 induced lasting complete remissions in 78, 66, 50 and 44%. respectively, of nude mice bearing subcutaneous solid L540 tumours of 0.7 cm diameter. Two tumours which regrew after B‐B10.dgA treatment were re‐established in tissue culture. Both had reduced sensitivity to B‐B10.dgA in vitro but not to immunotoxins recognizing different antigens on Hodgkin cells. The MAbs that produced the most potent immunotoxins, RFT5γ1, RFT5γ2a and B‐B10, had no significant cross‐reactivity with normal human tissues outside the lymphoid system as judged from indirect immunoperoxidase staining of frozen sections. By contrast, B‐F2 strongly stained normal human renal tubules.