bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal cell carcinoma—a review of 256 cases
Authors: Wagle Datta G. , Scal David R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRenal cell carcinoma represents nearly 90% of all malignant tumors of the kidney. The varied aspects of this tumor's pathophysiology have been a continuing challenge to early diagnosis and successful therapy. For inapparent reasons it has been noted in this and other studies that renal cell carcinoma is twice as common in males as in females. As we have shown, renal cell carcinoma occurs in all age groups but is most common in the sixth and seventh decades. In spite of an occasional case, heredity probably does not apparently play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease. This study has shown that because of the multiple pathways of dissemination, renal cell carcinoma can be unpredictable in the sites of metastasis. The lung, however, is consistently the most common site of metastatic growth. Many experts have attempted to introduce a system of classification related to prognosis. The present experience using the classification of Flocks and Kadesky showed there was a notable drop in survival in stages III and IV as compared to I and II. Also, there was little difference in survival between patients having stage III and stage IV disease. In general, the survival statistics agree with those of others. The classic triad of renal cell carcinoma was associated with 5‐year survival in only four cases, indicating it to be a sign of advanced disease. Radical nephrectomy continues to be the initial treatment in most centers. The most promising of the newer methods is hormonal therapy, which is based on the theory that hormones underlie the mechanism of host resistance to renal cell carcinoma. There have been four satisfactory responses in 26 treated cases of renal tumor with distant metastases. However, it is still too early to make valid statements about this modality.
The anemia of chronic disorders: Experimental abscess, spleen transplantation, and red cell iron reutilization
Authors: Zacharia L. A. , Rigby P. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractStudies of Fe59 incorporation into blood, liver, and spleens utilizing ‘cooked’ red blood cells labeled with 59‐ferrous citrate were undertaken to evaluate iron reutilization. Intraperitoneal transplantation of intact spleens was performed from mice both with and without turpentine abscess to similarly prepared mice. Presence or absence of abscess in the recipient mouse determined ‘compartmentalization’ of reutilizable iron between the recipient reticuloendothelial system (spleen and liver) and blood. Reduced iron reutilization induced by chronic inflammation seems to be predominantly due to alteration of reticuloendothelial system function as measured by Fe59 incorporation into blood from labeled ‘cooked’ red blood cells. The model studied shows that chronic inflammation is sufficient systemic cause for reduced iron reutilization and thereby a major contributor to the anemia of chronic diseases.
The effect of 5‐fluorouracil on small bowel mucosa
Authors: White Richard S. , Fuqua William B. , Barrett O'Neill 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPre‐ and post‐therapy small bowel biopsies were obtained in 19 of 20 patients who received 5‐fluorouracil for treatment of their malignant disease. Three parameters were evaluated: clinical response to therapy, which occurred in five cases (26%); development of gastrointestinal toxicity, which occurred in 13 (68%); and histopathologic change of small bowel mucosa, which was noted in 13 (68%). There was no correlation between clinical response to therapy and the development of toxicity, nor was there any between toxicity and histopathologic change in small bowel mucosa. Definite histopathologic change in each of the patients who responded to therapy was the only consistent relationship noted, although the appearance of such changes did not necessarily indicate that tumor response could be expected.
Inhibition of lymphocyte blastogenesis by platinum compounds
Authors: Khan Amanullah , Hill Joseph M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of platinum compounds cis‐platinum (II) diamminodichloride and cis‐platinum (IV) diamminotetrachloride on the phytohemagglutinin‐induced blastogenesis in lymphocytes was studied. Both compounds inhibited blastogenesis, suggesting that they may be immunosuppressive.
The value of chemotherapy in the treatment of testicular dysembryoplastic tumors
Authors: Pommatau E. , Brunat M. , Chassard J. L. , Mayer M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemotherapy appears to be of help in treating dysembryoplastic testicular tumors. It seems better to treat first by surgery (lymphadenectomy) if possible, then (a) if no nodes are involved or only one has been discovered by microscope examination, with chemotherapy for one year; or (b) if two or more nodes are involved, with irradiation of the nodes and chemotherapy.Even if lymphadenectomy is not possible, one course of chemotherapy followed by cobalt and more chemotherapy can bring results in some cases.
The regional lymph node question. To treat or not to treat: The pros and cons
Authors: Futrell J. William , Hoopes John E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe question of whether or not to extend treatment to the regional lymph nodes when treating malignant disease remains unanswered. The clinician must individually approaise the pros and cons and derive a satisfactory treatment plan for each patient. Six reasons which are generally stated as indications for regional lymphadenectomy and seven potential arguments against lymphadenectomy are presented.
A new classification of generalized carcinoma of the breast based on response to therapy
Authors: Razis Dennis V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractClassifications of generalized carcinoma of the breast were based up to now on factors of definitely proven prognostic significance. These classifications are very useful in defining prognosis, but they help only to a limited extent in selecting treatment. We are proposing a new classification of three groups for generalized carcinoma of the breast according to objective response to therapy: to (a) responders, (b) nonresponders, and (c) patients with static disease. It is pointed out that in some cases there is discrepancy between prognosis and response to therapy, as some patients with “poor prognosis” respond dramatically to treatment while others with “good prognosis” do not respond to any type of treatment and treatment is actually harmful. It is also pointed out that our classificaiton has a dynamic meaning, as a patient can switch from one group to another. The proposed classification might be of more help in deciding the therapeutic management.
The influence of facial‐nerve sacrifice in surgery of malignant parotid tumors
Authors: Hodgkinson Darryl J. , Woods John E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMalignant parotid tumors in 224 patients were dealt with surgically at the Mayo Clinic between 1940 and 1969. The clinical histories, including follow‐up of 5 years or more in every case, were reviewed with particular attention to sacrifice of the facial nerve in conjunction with the excision of tumor. This was done in 65 cases. High‐grade malignancy necessitated nerve sacrifice; other frequent indications were preoperative facial‐nerve paralysis, pain, and rapid growth of the tumor. Over the 30‐year review period, the trend was toward more radical surgery, often including nerve sacrifice, and away from local excision and radiotherapy. Nerve grafting or anastomosis of a sacrificed nerve was seldom performed in an attempt to lessen the cosmetic defect of facial paralysis. Later reconstructive procedures are favored.
Enhancement of hepatic and renal tumorigenesis in thyroidectomized NZR/Gd rats treated with dimethylnitrosamine
Authors: Noronha R. F. X. , Goodall C. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEndocrine modulation of DMN carcinogenesis was studied in NZR/Gd rats preconditioned by starving 48 hr and then injected i.p. once with 20 mg DMN/kg. Intact rats developed kidney tumors (44% TBA), most of tubular epithelial type resembling human tumors rather than mesenchymal. Thyroidectomy (Tx) 45 days before DMN significantly enhanced DMN carcinogenesis, renal carcinoma incidence increasing to 69%. Renal carcinomas showed more signs of malignancy in Tx rats. Other neoplastic responses useful for further studies included tumors in nasal epithelium (13%), liver (18%, increased to 59% in Tx rats), and lung (40%): these tumors were rare or not previously reported in single‐dose experiments in other rat strains. A sex difference in lung tumor incidence (male 70%, female 16%) was statistically significant and thyroidectomy reduced the sex‐differential (to 54% and 39% respectively). The increased incidence of kidney and liver tumors could be due to altered metabolism of DMN in tissues of Tx rats.
The establishment of a cancer center
Authors: Hutchinson William B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis article describes the designated comprehensive cancer center in the Pacific Northwest section of the United States. The local financial, political, and medical problems associated with the initial establishment of this center are discussed. The general philosophy of the approach to cancer, cancer research, and care are included. The programs described differ very little from other similar centers with exceptions that are noted. These are the establishment of the major clinical facilities or units outside of the center proper. The utilization, not duplication, of already existing surgical, irradiation, and hospital facilities representing a departure from the usual custom is discussed. Active participation with real input by the physicians of our region through the extramural council is described.
Epstein‐barr virus (EBV) antibody in patients treated by radical radiotherapy for head and neck cancer
Authors: Halili Marlene R. , Spigland Ilya , Foster Nan , Ghossein Nemetallah A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntibody against Epstein Barr Viral capsid (EBV‐VCA) was measured in 65 patients with primary head and neck cancer referred for radical radiotherapy. Sixty‐three percent had locally advanced cancer and 37% had early disease. Forty‐eight percent had detectable antibody in their sera. Thirty‐three percent had elevated titers (above 1:20 dilution). Only 19% of cases with early cancer had increased titers. Almost 50% of those with locally advanced cancer or recurrence following treatment had titers above 1:20. A rise in titer within six months following radiotherapy was associated with a significant incidence of recurrence. There was no correlation between delayed hypersensitivity skin reaction to 2–4 dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and titer values. EBV‐VCA may be an additional parameter which can be used to determine host defenses in patients with malignancies.
The keratoacanthoma: A review
Authors: Schwartz Robert Allen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe keratoacanthoma (KA) is a relatively common tumor which most often occurs on the sun‐exposed areas of light skinned individuals of middle age and older. It may be viewed as an aborted squamous cell carcinoma that only in rare instances evolves into a progressively growing squamous cell carcinoma. As such, the recognition of the true nature and the proper management of this tumor is of considerable practical importance. The rapid evolution of a KA may be divided into a proliferative stage, a fully developed tumor, and an involuting stage. Within weeks it develops from a rapidly growing, firm, smooth nodule into a mature bud or dome‐shaped tumor with a central keratotic core that finally degenerates into an involuting keratinous mass. Although the KA usually appears as a solitary lesion, multiple tumors may be found, as may a number of morphologic and syndromic variants, including the appearance of the KA in the Torre syndrome. The KA is likely to be derived from cells of the hair follicle. Its etiology is unclear, although ultraviolet light, viruses, oncogenic chemicals, and epidermal growth factor have been considered. The histologic features of the KA are often very similar to those of a cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma; however, the tumor architecture usually provides a basis for their distinction.
Stabilization of normal variability in phytohemagglutinin‐induced blastogenesis for improved quantitative applications
Authors: Etheredge E. E. , Auchter B. , Sicard G. A. , Anderson C. B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPhytohemagglutinin‐induced blastogenesis is used clinically as an estimate of immune competence but quantitative application is problematic since there is considerable variability. We sought to define for five normal subjects the degree of variability in repetitive testing using a constant culture methodology. A sixday growth response was determined as was the dose response to seven concentrations of PHA. Growth time to peak 3H‐thymidine (3HTdR) incorporation was not constant and that PHA dose stimulating maximum 3 HTdR incorporation varied by 2–16 fold for the retesting of subjects. A pooled dose response was not stabilizing. There were statistical differences among subjects for PHA dose optimum (P < 0.01), maximum evoked 3 HTdR incorporation (P < 0.05) and with varied plasma lots (P< 0.001). However, for each individual subject, a stable maximum 3 HTdR incorporation could be repetitively evoked by culturing in a constant plasma lot, stimulating by a broad range of PHA doses and by harvesting daily to assure peak growth.
Pre‐auricular oat cell carcinoma metastases
Authors: Falk Henry J. , Samit Alan M. , Leban Stanley G. , Mashberg Arthur 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe oat cell tumor is a particularly lethal form of bronchogenic carcinoma.Cutaneous metastases occur occasionally in the pre‐auricular area.In addition to benign and malignant parotid lesions, the differential diagnosis of a pre‐auricular mass must now include metastatic disease, particularly if a history of a thoracic malignancy is elicited.We present two such cases of metastatic oat cell carcinoma in the pre‐auricular region.
Leiomyosarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract: Should we consider metastasis to regional lymph nodes?
Authors: Lee Yeu‐Tsu N.(Margaret) , Silberman Howard , Deck Kenneth B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAbout one third of leiomyosarcomas of the gastrointestinal tract do develop metastasis; and nearly 90% of the metastasis are intra‐abdominal. It is said that leiomyosarcoma rarely involves regional nodes, although two series reported 8% of leiomyosarcomas of the stomach and 7% of the small intestines had nodal metastasis at initial operations (mostly of limited resections). It is suggested that wider resection of primary tumor with adjacent mesentery may reveal higher frequency of occult nodal metastasis and might prevent some of the loco‐regional relapse and sarcomatosis.
Surgical management of recurring or metastatic thyroid cancer
Authors: Marchetta Frank C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe surgical oncologist is sometimes confronted with a patient who was surgically treated for cancer of the thyroid gland and now has recurrent disease. In most instances, additional surgical treatment is indicated. The magnitude of surgery is primarily determined by the amount of tissue removed at the original operation.Surgery for recurrent disease may include completion of total thyroidectomy with dissection of lymphatic tissues in the thyroid compartment or/and neck dissection, preferably modified. Several clinical situations are outlined and discussed.
Glycerine injection and crystal formation in the larynx: A negative study
Authors: Klabacha Martin , Farag Akram , Reyes Cesar , Lewy Robert , Borkenhagen Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGlycerine as a vehicle may be injected alone or with Teflon to reposition a lateral lying paralyzed vocal cord. During the study of a particular patient, crystal formation was observed in laryngeal tissues injected with glycerine. It was hypothesized that glycerine metabolized to oxalic acid crystals via the glyoxylic acid pathway.To confirm this proposition, the gluteus muscle of guinea pigs was injected with glycerine, and at weekly intervals submitted for ordinary and polarized light microscopic examination. The formation of crystals after glycerine injection was not found in the guinea pig. Similarly, no foreign material or crystals were found after centrifuging the stored glycerine.
Primary tumours and tumour‐like conditions of the mandible
Authors: Khanna Sushila , Khanna N. N. , Gupta O. P. , Tripathi F. M. , Sanyal B. , Srivastava A. B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractReports on comprehensive mandibular tumours are very rare. The present article describes a total of 81 primary tumour and tumour‐like lesions of the mandible seen at the University Hospital, Banaras Hindu University, during last 16 years. In the mandible the ratio of odonto‐genic to nonodontogenic tumors is 1.6:1. Ameloblastomas constitute 56% of the odontogenic tumors. Among the benign mesenchymal tumours of the jaw 58% are neoplastic and 42% are nonneoplastic in which cementoostoid tissue is laid down secondary to inflammatory process. Over all 40 cases are benign 28 potentially malignant (ameloblastoma) and 13 are malignant lesions. Among the malignant mandibular tumours, bone tumours are more common than the soft tissue sarcomas. Microscopically mandibular osteosarcomas are better differentiated than similar tumours in the long bones. Local, segmental, or radical surgery seems to be the treatment of choice in the mandibular tumours.
Histological and ultrastructural changes in rat kidney after cryosurgery
Authors: Sindelar William F. , Javadpour Nasser , Bagley Demetrius H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEffect of cryoinjury to normal rat kidney was studied at the light and electron microscope level, and characterization of the time course of pathologic changes in kidney tissue after cryosurgery was described from 1 hr up to 14 days after production of a standard cryolesion. Cryoinjury to the kidney resulted in sharply demarcated lesions with minimal inflammatory response during the period of cell destruction and healing by fibrosis. Cellular protein was completely coagulated within 1 hr after cryoinjury, with crystallization of protein and disruption of membranes. Cellular disruption was rapid, and the clearance of cellular debris from the area of injury by macrophage infiltration was accomplished through a quite mild inflammatory reaction. Supporting stromal elements of renal parenchyma remained intact, including collagen tubular framework and basement membranes, and formed the lattice over which fibrosis developed.
Smooth muscle tumors of the alimentary tract
Authors: Stavorovsky M. , Morag B. , Stavorovsky H. , Papo J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSmooth muscle tumors (SMT) of the alimentary tract are uncommon. A series of 32 cases (16 leiomyomas and 16 leiomyosarcomas) are presented. The most common presenting clinical signs are bleeding or obstruction. These are caused mainly by degenerative changes within the lesion or its enlargement.The endoluminal SMT cause symptoms early and are more easily detectable. However, the extraluminal SMT, producing an extrinsic mass, can remain asymptomatic for a long time. Thus, such SMT may be found incidentally during operationThe larger SMT are mostly malignant. Microscopically it is sometimes difficult to determine if the SMT is benign or malignant.
Detection of a suppressive immunoregulatory factor (IRF) in the sera of sarcoma patients by enzyme‐linked immunoassay (ELISA) and correlation with clinical course
Authors: Roth Jack A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImmunoregulatory factor (IRF) is a 70,000 molecular weight glycoprotein produced by human tumors that suppresses lymphocyte function including mitogen‐stimulated tritiated leucine (3H‐leu) and tritiated thymidine (3H‐Tdr) uptake, in vitro immunoglobulin synthesis, induction of allospecific cell‐mediated cytotoxicity, and proliferation of T‐cell growth factor‐dependent lymphocyte cultures. Antisera to IRF were produced by immunization of goats and rabbits with IRF purified by diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)‐anion exchange and affinity chromatography. Antisera specificity was demonstrated by binding to IRF but not control muscle extract in an ELISA test and by specific removal of IRF activity by antibody coupled to acrylamide beads. Using these antisera, a double antibody‐binding assay was developed to measure circulating levels of IRF and to determine its relationship to tumor growth and relevance for monitoring the clinical course of cancer patients. Quantitative autologous as well as allogeneic binding of sarcoma patients' sera to anti‐IRF antibody was demonstrated. Of five tumor extracts tested, two had immunosuppressive activity, and IRF was detected in the preoperative sera of both patients. These extracts were not suppressive and IRF was not detected in the preoperative sera of these patients. In a double‐blind study, analysis of serial serum samples from 26 sarcoma patients, 11 normal volunteers, and eight noncancer patients, demonstrated four patterns of circulating IRF: sustained high levels, increasing levels, decreasing levels, and no detectable IRF. Seven of 14 patients who eventually developed metastatic disease demonstrated sustained high or increasing levels of IRF. Eleven of 12 patients clinically free of tumor for five years or more, ten of 11 normal volunteers, and eight of eight noncancer patients had either a pattern of decreasing levels or no detectable IRF. Circulating IRF levels are correlated with the presence of tumor and may be useful in monitoring the clinical course of cancer patients.
Hepatocellular carcinoma metastatic to rib: An approach to an unusual chest wall tumor
Authors: Nowak Michael M. , Ponsky Jeffrey L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThoracic cage tumors are infrequently encountered and may present a dilemma in diagnosis and treatment. A case of hepatocellular carcinoma metastatic to rib, an unusal chest wall tumor, is presented here, and an orderly and effective approach to chest wall lesions is described. Computerized tomography and biopsy are the most efficacious diagnostic modalities.
Ectopic decidual cell reaction in para‐aortic and pelvic lymph nodes in the presence of cervical squamous cell carcinoma during pregnancy
Authors: Ashraf M. , Boyd C. B. , Beresford W. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBilateral para‐aortic lymphadenectomy is routine prior to radical surgery in cancer of the cervix. A pregnant patient with invasive cancer of the cervix and ectopic decidual cell reaction in para‐aortic and pelvic nodes is presented. A decidual cell reaction in frozen sections of para‐aortic lymph nodes could be confused with metastatic disease. Pathogenesis of ectopic decidual cell reaction is discussed.
Preoperative hyperthermo‐chemo‐radiotherapy effective for carcinoma of the esophagus
Authors: Sugimachi Keizo , Inokuchi Kiyoshi , Kai Hidenobu , Ueo Hiroaki , Kuwano Hiroyuki , Matsufuji Hidemasa 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe prescribed hyperthermo‐chemo‐radiotherapy preoperatively for 13 patients with esophageal carcinoma. Viable cancer cells disappeared in four out of 13 patients, and all of these four patients survive without recurrence 3 to 34 postoperative months, at this writing. In another seven out of the 13, cancer cells were extensively damaged, despite the presence of a small number of viable cancer cells, and three out of these seven died with a recurrence. For two, the treatment was ineffective, and they died of liver metastasis and a local recurrence, respectively. These findings suggest that preoperative hyperthermia combined with chemotherapy and radiation is highly effective for treatment of carcinoma of the esophagus.