bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunological study of two stocks of moloney sarcoma virus producing regressor and progressor tumors in C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Takeichi Noritoshi , Boone Charles W. , Holden Howard T. , Herberman Ronald B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe immune response to progressor murine sarcoma virus (P‐MuSV)2 and regressor murine sarcoma virus (R‐MuSV) was analyzed by the radioisotopic footpad assay (FPA) for delayed hypersensitivity (DH) and by the membrane immunofluorescence assay for anti‐tumor antibodies. In mice injected with P‐MuSV, the footpad response remained at a low level for 7 weeks, while membrane immunofluorescence antibody titers reached their maximum levels after 5 weeks. By contrast, in mice injected with R‐MuSV, the footpad response rose to a maximum by 4 weeks and membrane immunofluorescence antibody titers reached a maximum after 4 weeks. The adoptive footpad response reached its highest level in 2 weeks. A most striking difference between the P‐MuSV and the R‐MuSV systems was the lower immunogenicity of tumor cells induced by the P‐MuSV as measured by the FPA. Considerable differences between the two stocks were also observed in oncogenic activity and tumor growth patterns. The P‐MuSV contained one‐tenth the amount of helper Moloney leukemia virus found in R‐MuSV. Addition of more helper Moloney leukemia virus to the P‐MuSV did not produce regressor tumors.
Development and persistence of cytolytic T lymphocytes in regressing or progressing moloney sarcomas
Authors: Gillespie G. Yancey , Russell Stephen W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIntratumoral T lymphocytes were recovered sequentially after induction of regressing or progressing Moloney sarcomas in BALB/c mice and were assayed quantitatively for their ability to kill specifically the tumor (MSC) cells used for induction. The cytolytic activities of the two lymphocyte populations described two distinct biphasic kinetic profiles that were similar in amplitude and duration but separated from each other by 4‐6 days. In progressing neoplasm, there was a rapidly occurring accumulation of T lymphocytes highly cytolytic for MSC cells. This response, however, was not sustained and disappeared in association with the onset of unchecked tumor growth. In contrast, T lymphocyte cytolytic activity developed more slowly in regressing sarcomas and attained peak levels coincident with the beginning of tumor regression. Similar changes in cytolytic activity characterized T lymphocytes in lymph nodes draining tumors. When cultured in vitro for 4 days, non‐cytotoxic T lymphocytes from regional lymph nodes draining progressing sarcomas regained very high levels of cytolytic activity. Such restitution was diminished, however, if MSC cell lysates, macrophages or macro‐phages fed MSC cell lysates were present during the culture period. These experiments provided presumptive evidence that T lymphocyte‐mediated cytolytic activity was lost in progressively growing Moloney sarcomas as a consequence of suppression in vivo of the genesis and/or functional expression of cytolytic T lymphocytes, perhaps by macrophages and/or soluble tumor antigen.
Genetic analysis of in vitro leukemogenesis induced by thymus epithelial reticulum cells transmitting murine leukemia viruses
Authors: Haas Martin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphatic leukemia developed in C57BL/6 mice following inoculation of normal thymocytes that had been co‐cultured on leukemic thymus epithelial reticulum monolayer cells. Using thymocytes genetically marked in Ly membrane antigens, we showed that the thymomas which developed were produced by the co‐cultured thymocytes rather than by leukemic cells derived from the monolayer. Thus, leukemogenic conversion of normal thymocytes took place in vitro. Inoculation of cultured leukemic thymus epithelial reticulum monolayer cells (LTER) gave rise mainly to reticulum cell sarcomas and myeloid leukemias, rather than to lymphatic leukemias (which developed following inoculation of thymocytes that had been cultured on the LTER monolayers). Thus LTER cells may themselves be tumor cells capable of producing RCNA (reticulum cell neoplasm type A) or myeloid tumors in addition to their ability to convert normal thymocytes into leukemic cells.
Isolation of a sulfated glycopeptidic antigen from human gastric tumors: Its localization in normal and cancerous gastrointestinal tissues
Authors: Bara Jacques , Paul‐Gardais Annick , Loisillier Felix , Burtin Pierre 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA sulfated glycopeptidic antigen (SGA) was purified from papain‐digested cancerous human gastric mucosa. The amino acid composition of this antigen was characterized by a high percentage of threonine and proline. Serine was present in small quantities and aromatic amino acids were absent. The amount of sulfate present was evaluated at 7.5%. Fucose, galactose, N‐acetyl glucosamine, N‐acetyl galactosamine and sialic acid were found to be present in the molar ratio 1:4.6:3.0:6.2:5.0. With immunofluorescence techniques, a rabbit antiserum against the sulfated glycopeptide stained adult gastric mucosa when this tissue had intestinal metaplasia and stained the goblet cells of the intestinal tract (small and large intestines). About 50% of colonic carcinomas and some gastric carcinomas contained SGA. This sulfated antigen was present in well‐differentiated tumors and there was a good correlation between tumoral acid mucous secretory activity and the SGA positivity.
A new aspect of the urinary excretion of tryptophan metabolites in patients with cancer of the bladder
Authors: Teulings F. A. G. , Peters H. A. , Hop W. C. J. , Fokkens W. , Haije W. G. , Portengen H. , van der Werf‐Messing B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMetabolites of the amino acid tryptophan have been suspected of being involved in the genesis of human urinary bladder cancer. It was suggested that a neoplastic change could result from increased urinary excretion of tryptophan metabolites. From studies in which the excretion of metabolites was assessed after loading the patients with L‐tryptophan it was concluded that abnormalities in tryptophan metabolism are causing the elevation of metabolite excretion. The present study however, which measured basal excretion of metabolites, demonstrates that the presence of tumor in the urinary tract must be considered as causative for elevations of metabolite excretion. An improved method for determining the spontaneous metabolite excretion is described. The metabolites kynurenine, kynurenic acid, 3‐hydroxykynurenine, xanthurenic acid and 3‐hydroxyanthranilic acid were determined in 165 urine samples obtained from bladder cancer patients, renal cancer patients, patients cured of bladder cancer and control subjects. Thirty six percent of the bladder cancer patients and 67% of the renal carcinoma patients excreted abnormally high amounts of at least one of the metabolites. It was observed that in bladder cancer an elevated excretion of metabolites occurred principally in patients with obstruction to the outflow of urine from the kidneys. Ureteral obstruction, probably a direct consequence of the presence of tumor in the urinary tract, causes an alteration in renal function which is reflected in urea and creatinine retention. The high incidence of abnormal excretion of tryptophan metabolites in renal cancer also points to alterations in renal function caused by the presence of tumor.
Two E‐rosette‐forming lymphoid cell lines
Authors: Morikawa Shigeru , Tatsumi Eiji , Baba Mitsuo , Harada Takayuki , Yasuhira Kimio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo E‐rosette (spontaneous rosette with sheep red blood cells)‐forming lymphoid cell lines were established. One (HPB‐ALL) was derived from a young male Japanese patient with acute lympho‐blastic leukemia (ALL), and the other (HPB‐MLT) was from a 62‐year‐old female Japanese patient with a leukemic T‐lymphoid malignancy. Formation of E rosettes, absence of any immunoglobulin determinants, absence of EBNA (Epstein‐Barr virus associated nuclear antigen) and very limited stimulating ability in mixed lymphocyte culture, were characteristics mostly identical with those of so far established T‐cell‐derived lymphoid cell lines, MOLT, CCRF‐CEM, CCRF‐HS‐B2, RPMI‐8402 and JM. Only HPB‐MLT, however, has been derived from an aged patient with T‐lymphoid malignancy.
Adoptive immunochemotherapy of a transplantable AKR leukemia (K36)
Authors: Putman Donald L. , Kind Phyllis D. , Goldin Abraham , Kende Meir 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAdoptive immunotherapy of a transplantable AKR leukemia (K36) was carried out as an adjunct to cytoxan chemotherapy using normal allogeneic H‐2‐incompatible spleen cells as well as sensitized H‐2‐matched allogeneic spleen cells. A significant therapeutic effect was obtained with cytoxan and allogeneic C57BL/6 splenocytes, demonstrating the potential use of the graft‐versus‐host reaction. Utilizing specific adoptive immunochemotherapy, a maximum effect was found with splenocytes from allogeneic but H‐2‐compatible CBA/J mice immunized against an allogeneic Gross‐virus‐induced lymphoma (EoG2). This therapeutic effect was most likely the result of prior sensitization of donor lymphocytes to common virus‐associated tumor antigens.
Synthesis and accumulation of polyamines in rat liver during chemical carcinogenesis
Authors: Scalabrino G. , Pösö H. , Hölttä E. , Hannonen P. , Kallio A. , Jänne J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe activities of L‐ornithine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17) and S‐adenosyl‐L‐methionine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.50) exhibited marked fluctuations in the livers of rats fed 4‐dimethylaminoazobenzene. After 1 month of dye feeding the activity of ornithine decarboxylase rose to a level about six times higher than that of controls and the activity of adenosyl‐methionine decarboxylase was more than twice the initial control level. These elevations were transient, and returned to near normal values within the next 2 months. Four months after the commencement of the azo‐dye diet, ornithine and adenosylmethionine decarboxylase activities showed a second distinct stimulation and appeared to remain high until liver tumors appeared. In contrast, the activity of tyrosine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.5) initially decreased but increased after 3 to 6 months to levels slightly exceeding the control values. The biphasic response of the two decarboxylases to the carcinogen appeared to be specific for the liver since both enzyme activities showed a sharp decrease in the kidney during the first 3 months of dye feeding followed by a transient increase 1 month later. The concentration of putrescine in the liver roughly followed the fluctuations of ornithine decarboxylase activity, being about twice the control level in carcinogentreated rats. Spermidine and spermine concentrations were normal although the activities of spermidine synthase (EC 2.5.1.16) and spermine synthase appeared to be lower in animals fed the carcinogenic diet than in normal controls. The response of liver ornithine decarboxylase, adenosylmethionine decarboxylase and tyrosine aminotransferase to growth hormone, glucagon and hydrocortisone was measured several times during the course of the azo‐dye diet. There were only small changes, if any, in the stimulation of tyrosine aminotransferase by growth hormone or hydrocortisone whereas the stimulation by glucagon was totally lost. The striking response of ornithine decarboxylase to porcine growth hormone was markedly reduced, and the moderate stimulation elicited by glucagon completely disappeared during the carcinogenic diet. The response of adenosylmethionine decarboxylase to growth hormone remained unchanged, while the marginal stimulation evoked by either glucagon or hydrocortisone in normal rats totally disappeared after 4 months of dye feeding. Elevated activities of ornithine decarboxylase and adenosylmethionine decarboxylase, together with a distinctly reduced response of these enzymes to hormonal stimulations, thus appear to be characteristics of rat liver undergoing chemical carcinogenesis.
Separation of the tumor rejection antigen (TSTA) from the major viral structural proteins associated with the membrane of an R‐MuLV‐induced leukemia
Authors: Rogers Michael J. , Law Lloyd W. , Prat Maria , Oroszlan Stephen , Appella Ettore 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA tumor rejection antigen (TSTA) has been solubilized by DOC 1 from purified plasma membranes of an R‐MuLV‐induced leukemia, RBL‐5. Gel filtration chromatography resulted in the separation of high molecular weight fractions containing TSTA from lower molecular weight fractions containing the viral structural proteins, gp70 and p30. Furthermore, the antigen reacting with a syngeneic serum from mice immunized with RBL‐5 membranes was also separated from TSTA and evidence is presented that the antigen recognized by this serum is the viral envelope protein p15E. The implications of these results for the host anti‐tumor immune response are discussed.
Unique and common tumor‐specific transplantation antigens of chemically induced mouse sarcomas
Authors: Hellström Karl Erik , Hellström Ingegerd , Brown Joseph P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMethylcholanthrene‐induced sarcomas of BALB/c mice express unique tumor specific transplantation antigens (TSTA), and weaker, common TSTA. Antigens of endogenous murine leukemia virus (MuLV) expressed by some of these tumors cannot completely account for these common TSTA. However, MuLV antigens on the immunizing tumor appear to increase the immunogenicity of the common TSTA.
The frequency of occurrence of feline leukaemia virus subgroups in cats
Authors: Jarrett Oswald , Hardy William D. , Golder Matthew C. , Hay David 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFeline leukaemia viruses (FeLV) were isolated from cats in Glasgow and New York with lympho‐sarcoma and from apparently healthy carrier cats. The subgroup composition of each isolate was determined. All isolates contained FeLV of subgroup A (FeLV‐A) and a high proportion also contained subgroup B virus (FeLV‐B). Virus of subgroup C (FeLV‐C) was rare and occurred in association with FeLV‐A and, in some isolates, with FeLV‐B as well. The same pattern was observed in isolates from British and American cats. The frequency of FeLV subgroups was different in cats with lymphosarcoma and in healthy carrier cats. In cats with lymphosarcoma, 42% had FeLV‐A and 58% had FeLV‐AB; there was no obvious correlation between virus subgroup and type of disease. In FeLV‐positive healthy cats, 65% had FeLV‐A and 33% had FeLV‐AB. FeLV‐C was isolated only from cats with disease. The healthy carrier cats were from multiple‐cat households (MCH). Two distinct types of FeLV‐infected MCH were found: MCH‐A in which the carrier cats yielded only FeLV‐A, and MCH‐AB in which cats with either FeLV‐A or FeLV‐AB were present. In MCH‐AB half of the cats had FeLV‐A and half had FeLV‐AB. Overall, the proportion of cats in MCH which were viraemic with FeLV was 42%. However, there was a marked difference in the prevalence of carrier cats in each type of MCH: in MCH‐A, 28% were FeLV‐positive while in MCH‐AB, 53% were viraemic.
Growth characteristics in vitro of hybrids between normal and transformed cell lines
Authors: le Borgne de Kaouël C. , Billard C. , Macieira‐Coelho A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSensitivity to the inhibition of division during cell crowding in vitro was determined for hybrids between normal and tumor cell populations of human and mouse origin. Interspecies hybrids were more sensitive to cell crowding than intraspecies hybrids. The results suggest that the inhibition of cell division due to crowding was more dependent upon the species of origin rather than on the normal or transformed character of the parental cell lines of the hybrid cell populations.
Solubilized tumour‐associated antigens of methyl‐cholanthrene‐induced mouse sarcomas. Comparative studies by in vitro sensitization of lymph‐node cells, macrophage electrophoretic mobility assay and transplantation tests
Authors: Bubeník J. , Indrová M. , Nemečková Š. , Malkovský M. , von Broen B. , Pálek V. , Anderlíková J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCell‐mediated immune response to tumour‐associated antigens (taa) extracted from syngeneic methylcholanthrene (mc)‐induced mouse sarcomas with 3 m kci was simultaneously examined by in vitro sensitization of lymph‐node cells (lnc), macrophage electrophoretic mobility (mem) assay and transplantation tests. the solubilized taa elicited in vivo both primary and secondary immune responses as judged from induction of transplantation resistance. the resistance to transplantation of the corresponding sarcoma cells was tumour‐specific and relative in nature, i.e., only partial and weaker than that induced by immunization with irradiated tumour tissue. treatment of mice with solubilized taa prior to immunization with irradiated tumour tissue inhibited the induction of transplantation resistance by irradiated tumour cells. the interaction of the solubilized taa preparations in vitro, either with lnc from animals immunized against the corresponding tumour or with lnc from tumour‐bearing animals, gave rise to a macrophage‐slowing factor detectable by the mem test. taa detected by the mem assay in kci extracts of individual mc‐induced sarcomas were found to be non‐cross‐reacting, individually distinct, like those detected by transplantation tests. individual specificity of taa present in the mc‐induced sarcomas was also demonstrated in vitro by sensitization of normal syngeneic lnc on monolayers of irradiated sarcoma cells followed by detection of the generated cytotoxic lnc in a cytotoxicity assay utilizing the inhibition of [3h]thymidine incorporation. whereas sensitization of lnc on layers of irradiated sarcoma cells gave rise to lymphocytes cytotoxic for cells of the sensitizing tumour, sensitization of lnc with solubilized taa isolated from the same sarcoma has thus far given negative results.
In vitro and in vivo indications of the carcinogenicity and toxicity of food dyes
Authors: Price Paul J. , Suk William A. , Freeman Aaron E. , Lane William T. , Peters Robert L. , Vernon Mina Lee , Huebner Robert J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEight food dyes or commercial color mixtures certified for use in the United States were tested for their ability to transform in vitro a serial line of Fischer rat embryo cells previously reported to be a sensitive indicator of chemicals having carcinogenic potential. Malignant cell transformation was induced by a commercial mixture (G2024) of two of these dyes (Blue 1 and Yellow 5) and by Blue 2, Green 3 (one of two experiments) and Red 4. Food dyes Blue 1, Red 3, Yellow 5 and Yellow 6 did not induce cell transformation. One to 1.5 mg of each dye was injected into suckling LVG or Graffi hamsters which were monitored for tumor induction and/or death over a 330‐day period. None of the non‐transforming dyes (Blue 1, Red 3, Yellow 5, Yellow 6) or Green 3 induced a significant increase in tumor (mostly lymphoma) incidence or animal mortality. Three of the transforming dyes (Blue 2, Green 2024, Red 4) did increase tumor incidence and/or mortality in at least one strain of hamster. We conclude that the in vitro assay suggested that certain food dyes were carcinogens and that in vivo studies in hamsters supported this interpretation.
Localization of ALPHA1‐fetoprotein and DNA‐synthesis in liver cell populations during experimental hepatocarcinogenesis in rats
Authors: Kuhlmann W. D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSix‐, 12‐ and 20‐week‐old rats were fed N‐nitrosomorpholine (NNM) at low concentrations (6 mg/kg/day) or high concentrations (20 mg/kg/day) for 6 or 12 weeks. Irrespective of the age of the rats, both NNM schedules resulted in development of hepatomas and during the early stages of hepatoma induction, liver histotoxic patterns depended only on the dose of carcinogen employed. Necrosis of hepatocytes and proliferation of small, oval‐shaped cells occurred when high doses of NNM were applied. Parallel to the proliferation of oval‐shaped cells, resurgence of alpha1‐fetoprotein (AFP) in rat sera was observed and production of this protein was confined to the oval‐shaped cells as shown by immunoperoxidase staining. During proliferation of bile duct epithelium, induced by galactosamine injections, those cells could also stain for AFP, and proliferation of oval‐shaped cells concomitant with intracellular AFP staining resulted from restitution of heavily damaged liver. In pulse‐chase labelling experiments with 3H‐thymidine, oval‐shaped cells were seen in continuous development towards hepatocytes, and distinct areas of hyperplastic appearance occurred. Normal hepatocytes and hyperplastic areas did not stain for AFP. Upon low‐dose feeding of NNM, no cellular AFP and no serum AFP were detected unless hepatoma cells had developed. At the stage of malignant conversion, distinct AFP‐staining nodules were localized which consisted of neoplastic hepatocytes. AFP‐staining and non‐AFP‐staining nodules were seen concomitantly in the same animal. AFP was localized only in neoplastic hepatocytes. Pulse‐labelling experiments with [3H]thymidine showed the proliferative character of hepatoma cells from which the AFP‐staining population in particular was involved. No correlation was found between the presence of AFP and histological grading of hepatomas. The wide range of both serum AFP levels and their rising rates in individual rats indicated the highly heterogeneous character of the induced hepatomas with respect to AFP production.
Colonies of ebna‐positive cells in soft agar from peripheral leukocytes of infectious mononucleosis patients
Authors: Hinuma Yorio , Katsuki Takato 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEpstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐associated nuclear antigen (EBNA)‐positive lymphoblastoid cells grew as colonies in soft agar after seeding of leukocytes from the peripheral blood of four patients with infectious mononucleosis serologically determined to be caused by EBV. In individual cases more colonies were obtained from blood specimens during the acute phase of the disease than during the convalescent phase. Incorporation of human umbilical cord serum, which contained neutralizing antibody to EBV, into the agar medium did not reduce the number of colonies developing. Our observations indicate that colony‐forming cells were originally present in the blood samples, and that they were not infected and subsequently transformed in vitro. Cells from less than 20% of the EBNA‐positive colonies grew to form lymphoblastoid cell lines, which were EBNA‐positive and had B lymphocyte surface markers. However, the majority (over 80%) of the EBNA‐positive colonies failed to form immortalized cell lines. No colonies were obtained from 91 blood samples from healthy young adults and from five patients with an IM‐like disease unrelated to EBV infections. The present results strongly suggest that already transformed cells or cells very easily transformed by EBV are present in the blood of IM patients.