bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chisel Tillage Under Spring Barley in the Forest-Steppe
Authors: Syromyatnikov Yurii , Voinash Sergey , Troyanovskaya Irina , Zagidullin Ramil , Tikhonov Evgeniy , Orekhovskaya Alexandra 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The degradation of chernozems and increased soil erosion led to the search for more advanced methods of tillage, taking into account climatic conditions, the quantity and quality of crop residues, and the volume of fertilizer application. The aim of the study was to establish the effect of various methods of basic tillage in the presence of preceding plant‘s crop residues on the growth and development of spring barley plants. The experiment was carried out in the forest-steppe of Ukraine. During the experiment, the influence of various methods of basic tillage on the agrophysical properties of the soil, its water regime, and weed infestation of spring barley crops was studied. For comparison, the following types of basic tillage were used: dump to a depth of 20–22 cm, chisel tillage to a depth of 14–16 cm, and disc tillage to a depth of 10–12 cm. Dump and chisel processing were characterized by higher grain yield. Chisel tillage provided better moisture accumulation compared to reverse ploughing. In spring, at the time of sowing grain crops in the layer of 0–15 cm, the reserves of productive moisture during chiselling were 145 mm, and during mouldboard processing 122.6 mm. Thus, chisel tillage for spring barley creates the best conditions for moisture supply and guarantees a high level of grain yield and significant profitability of production.
Justification of the Unit Design Diagram for Mowing Agricultural Crops Simultaneously with Their Stuble Chopping
Authors: Findura Pavol , Nadykto Volodymyr , Kyurchev Volodymyr , Mankovecký Jakub 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The two-phase method is quite widespread when harvesting grain crops and forage grasses. For its implementation, farmers prefer harvesting units with a front-mounted header. The main disadvantage of such units is that after their passage in the space between the swaths of mown crops, open soil falls under the direct influence of sunlight. Subsequently, this leads to an intensive loss of its moisture. A harvesting unit has been designed to eliminate this shortcoming, consisting of a tractor with a front harvester and a soil-cultivating machine (disc harrow) mounted at the rear. The latter chops stubble and soil in the space between the swaths of the mowed crop, contributing to soil moisture conservation. In the diagram plan, the tillage machine can have a swivel or fixed conjunction with the tractor in a horizontal plane. A mathematical model of the harvesting unit plane-parallel movement in the horizontal plane has been designed to choose these conjunctions better. In the study, it is used to analyze the corresponding amplitude (AFC) and phase (PFC) frequency characteristics of a dynamic system when it is working out a control action in the form of the sighting point transverse shift. As a mathematical modeling result, it was found that the fixed conjunction of a tillage machine with a tractor is preferable. In this case, the natural AFC practically approaches the perfect one for servo dynamical systems. The correlation degree between the tractor‘s steered wheels‘ rotation and heading angles increases by almost 37%. As a result, this leads to a significant decrease in this parameter variance fluctuations, which contributes to an increase in the harvesting unit controllability movement as a whole.
Comparison of Effect of Conventional Fuel with Newly Developed Biofuel in Operation and Emission Conditions of Piston Combustion Engine
Authors: Tulík Juraj , Jablonický Juraj , Kollárová Katarína , Tkáč Zdenko , Kosiba Ján 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The present paper deals with the evaluation of the impact of newly developed biofuels together with a comparison with conventionally produced fuel, diesel, in terms of their impact on the technical and emission condition of a studied vehicle. The main energy and emission parameters of the internal combustion diesel engine were evaluated. For laboratory experiments, a discrete test method was used for comprehensive assessment, the procedure of which is described in the methodology of the paper together with a description of the measurement chain designed to achieve the determined results. The paper deals with the evaluation of the measured results of power, torque, consumption, and emissions such as CO2 and absorption coefficient. Among the technical parameters, the power and torque drop were observed for each biofuel. The decrease is attributed to lower values of calorific value, viscosity, and density. A positive effect was observed for the CO2 and absorption coefficient emission parameters, i.e., a decrease for each of the newly developed biofuels studied.
Investigating the Essential Factors for Thresher Losses and Waste in Peanut Harvester Considering Several Varieties of Crop
Authors: Tarighi Javad , Azad Mousa , Ardabili Sina , Mosavi Amir 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This research investigated the performance of a model traction combine harvester (TCH) for harvesting several varieties of peanuts. The effect of independent factors including tested varieties at three levels (local Moghan, Goli Astana, and Turkish), tractor forward speed (FS) at three levels (4, 5, and 6 km·h−1), and rotational speed (RS) of the thresher at three levels (500, 600, 700 rpm) on losses and wastes were studied and investigated. To analyse the obtained data, a factorial experimental design was used in the form of randomised complete blocks, and Duncan‘s multi-range test was used to compare the mean values. According to the findings, the effects of tractor FS and rotary speed of the thresher on the percentage of threshing losses were significant at the probability level of 1%. Also, the interaction effects of variety type and tractor FS, tractor FS, and rotary speed of the thresher on the percentage of threshing losses were significant at the 1% probability level. Also, the effects of variety type, tractor FS, rotary speed of the thresher, and all mutual effects on the percentage of threshing waste were significant at the 1% probability level. The results of comparing the average effects of the main factors showed that the FS of 6 km·h−1 had the highest average threshing loss (82.89%). Threshing losses were obtained in the Turkish variety with the lowest average value (2.51%) and in the local variety with the highest average value (3.53%).
Optimality conditions in set-valued optimization using approximations as generalized derivatives
Authors: Gadhi Nazih Abderrazzak , Ichatouhane Aissam 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The set criterion is an appropriate defining approach regarding the solutions for the set-valued optimization problems. By using approximations as generalized derivatives of set-valued mappings, we establish necessary optimality conditions for a constrained set-valued optimization problem in the sense of set optimization in terms of asymptotical pointwise compact approximations. Sufficient optimality conditions are then obtained through first-order strong approximations of data set-valued mappings.
Transformation into anti-manipulation method in voting. Changes in properties
Authors: Sosnowska Honorata 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper examines the properties of the anti-manipulation method in voting. Such a method can be used by committees and similar bodies to ensure that votes reflect genuine preferences. The anti-manipulation method is based on the Borda Count and discourages strategic voting by excluding scores that deviate excessively from the mean. The method does not eliminate strategic voting but diminishes the motivation to apply it. We compare the properties of the Borda Count and the anti-manipulation method. The properties, which are most often found in the literature, were chosen for comparison. Thus, the following properties are examined: consistency, vulnerability to the no-show paradox, vulnerability to the subset choice condition, homogeneity, monotonicity, and vulnerability to the reversal bias paradox as well as the Condorcet winner and loser paradoxes. The anti-manipulation method fails to satisfy most of these properties. A real data example, the voting of a certain jury, is used as a counterexample in most cases.
Hourly identification and simulation of the TGE S.A. Day-Ahead Market system
Authors: Marlęga Radosław , Tchórzewski Jerzy R. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The paper presents selected research results concerning the identification and simulation of the TGE S.A. Day-Ahead Market (DAM) system of the day for electricity delivered and sold, listed for the following hours: 5:01-6:00, 11:01-12:00, 17:01-18:00 and 23:01-24:00 in 2019, which were obtained in the MATLAB and Simulink environment using the System Identification Toolbox. As a result of identification, four respective discrete parametric arx models were obtained, which were then subject to quality assessment. Then, a simulation model was built in the Simulink environment, which was used for simulation tests and for assessing the sensitivity of the model created using the data from 2019 as the basis and the data from 2020 for verification. The obtained results confirm the correctness of both the performed discrete parametric identification and the possibility of testing the quality of the model and its sensitivity with the use of the DAM system model in the MATLAB and Simulink environment.
Control and optimization of abstract continuous time evolution inclusions
Authors: Mokhtar-Kharroubi Hocine 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Abstract controlled evolution inclusions are revisited in the Banach spaces setting. The existence of solution is established for each selected control. Then, the input–output (or, control-states) multimap is examined and the Lipschitz continuous well posedness is derived. The optimal control of such inclusions handled in terms of a Bolza problem is investigated by means of the so-called P
ℱ format of optimization. A strong duality is provided, the existence of an optimal pair is given and the system of optimalty is derived. A Fenchel duality is built and applied to optimal control of convex process of evolution. Finally, it will be shown how the general theory we provided can be applied to a wide class of controled integrodifferental inclusions.
Stabilization of multivariable linear time-invariant systems by proportional-plus-derivative state feedback
Authors: Kiritsis Konstadinos H. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper is devoted to the study of the problem of stabilization by proportional-plus-derivative state feedback for multivariable linear time-invariant systems. In particular, explicit necessary and sufficient conditions are established for the stability of a closed-loop system obtained by proportional-plus-derivative state feedback from the given multivariable linear time-invariant system. A procedure is given for the computation of stabilizing proportional-plus-derivative state feedback. Our approach is based on properties of real and polynomial matrices.
Phytochemical study of food plants
Authors: Gabriella-Renáta Koncz , Katalin Püsök , Erzsébet Varga 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the phytochemistry of two food and herb plants that are commonly consumed. They are the beetroot and the celery, which are commercially known and have been grown for a long time in our country and in Europe. The beetroot (Beta vulgaris var. rubra) belongs taxonomically to the order Magnoliopsida, family Amaranthaceae, subfamily Chenopodiaceae, within which it is a member of the subgenus Beta. Celery (Apium graveolens var. dulce) is a plant of the order Magnoliopsida, Apiales, and of the family Apiaceae. Beetroot is one of the vegetables that owes its antioxidant activity partly to its phenolic components. The active substances include various vitamins, minerals, phenolic components, anthocyanins, fibers, carotenoids, ascorbic acid. Celery stalks contain phenolic components, furanocoumarins, and essential oils. The widespread use of celery stalk is due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antimicrobial, antifungal and serum lipid-lowering properties. It is also used in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Beetroot and celery stalk were used to prepare methanolic, ethanolic (50%) and aqueous extracts. For the determination of total polyphenols, ethanol (50%) proved to be the better solvent for both beetroot and celery. The total polyphenol content of beetroot was significantly lower than that of celery. In the determination of flavonoids in celery, the highest concentrations were obtained in the aqueous extracts. When anthocyanin concentrations were determined in cooked and raw beetroot, almost identical but surprisingly low concentrations were obtained. In case of the ABTS method used for antioxidant measurements, ethanolic extracts (50%) are the best free radical scavengers for beetroot, while methanolic extract of frozen stem part is the most effective in case of celery.
Penicillin and mycophilately
Authors: Gyéresi Árpád , Papp Lajos Attila 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Alexander Fleming, the Scottish bacteriologist, discovered penicillin 95 years ago, which has been an important drug used in the therapy of bacterial infections for eight decades. This event can be interpreted as one of the greatest scientific achievements of the 20th century. The significance of this life-saving medicine is often reflected in various artworks. The portrait of the discoverer as well as the illustration of Penicillium mould is frequently met on postage stamps.Mycophilately is a distinct area in the thematic collection of stamps, with increasing interest, encompassing the collection of stamps that illustrate fungi. Stamps with penicillin-related themes can be utilized as resources to study the cultural history of penicillin.The purpose of this paper is to present the illustration of this significant scientific discovery on postage stamps.
Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Stator Winding Using the Continuous Wavelet Transform and Machine Learning
Authors: Pietrzak Przemysław , Wolkiewicz Marcin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Applying the condition monitoring technology to industrial processes can help detect faults in time, minimise their impact and reduce the cost of unplanned downtime. Since the introduction of the Industry 4.0 paradigm, many companies have been investing in the development of such technology for drive systems. Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) have recently been used in many industries. Therefore, the issues of condition monitoring of PMSM drives are important. This study proposes and compares diagnostic schemes based on the stator phase currents (SPCSCs) signal for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of PMSM stator winding faults. The continuous wavelet transform (CWT) is used for the extraction of the symptoms of interturn short circuits in PMSM stator winding. Machine learning algorithms are applied to automate the detection and classification of the faults. The concept for an original and intelligent PMSM stator winding condition monitoring system is proposed.
Evapotranspiration from Irrigated Mungo Bean Cropping in The Cerrado Region of Mato Grosso
Authors: De Queiroz Tadeu Miranda , De Matos Rigoberto Moreira , Dos Santos Bárbara Davis Brito , Araújo Daniela Moreira Costa , Meurer Evelin , Dos Santos Flávio Cosme 
Published: February 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to calculate the evapotranspiration of irrigated mung bean crops in the Cerrado region of Mato Grosso.

Theoretical Frame: This research used the following main citations as a theoretical basis: Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA) for the methodology for classifying soil characteristics; and Guan et al. (2015) using the water use efficiency methodology.

Method: The study was carried out from April to June 2023 at the State University of Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), in Nova Mutum – MT. Each experimental unit consisted of a lysimeter with 18 L of volume, spaced 0.40 m between rows and 0.05 m between plants, with a total of 12 experimental plots. Irrigation management was carried out daily considering irrigation volume, precipitation and drainage. Variables analyzed: crop evapotranspiration, water use efficiency and grain productivity. Scatterplots and Boxplot (descriptive statistics) were created for a better analysis of the results obtained.

Results and Conclusions: The total evapotranspiration of the mung bean crop was 521.10 mm during 50 days of cultivation and the daily average was 10.63 mm. Grain productivity for mung bean cultivation in the soil and climate conditions of Mato Grosso was 5,325 kg per hectare. The water use efficiency of mung beans in the Cerrado of Mato Grosso was 1.66 kg of grains per m3 of water. The results of this study provide knowledge about the water consumption of mung beans and serve as a basis for irrigation management by bean producers in the Cerrado region of Mato Grosso.

Implications of the research: The results achieved with this study are of great relevance for the purposes of the Department of Agricultural Engineering of the State University of Mato Grosso, Nova Mutum Campus, as well as for the academic and scientific community and producers in the Cerrado region of Mato Grosso who aim to cultivate irrigated mung beans.

Originality and value: This research aimed to disseminate to the academic and scientific community and producers of Cerrado Mato-Grossense the need for water required by the Mungo bean crop throughout the cultivation cycle, in which this information will serve as a basis for agricultural planning in the region, such as: volume of water needed to cultivate mung beans aiming for maximum productivity, savings on water, electricity and labor.
The Management of Business and Technology Incubators in Brazil
Authors: Silva Luan Carlos Santos 
Published: February 2024

Objective: This article presents effective guidelines for the management of business and technology incubators in the Brazilian context. Method: The research covers an analyzed context of 56 incubators located in different regions of the country. The recommended practices were identified based on a thorough analysis of the information available on institutional websites and the incubators' documents. Results and Conclusion: The study focuses on three key areas: the selection process, the activities carried out by the incubator, and the marketing and dissemination strategies. As far as the selection process is concerned, practices such as the participation of partners in the evaluation of projects, the division of the process into careful stages, the analysis of the internationalization potential of the ventures, and the evaluation of the behavioral profile of the entrepreneurs involved stand out. About the activities promoted by the incubator, it is worth highlighting the offer of courses aimed at business development, the stimulation of innovation through technological support, the sharing of resources such as university laboratories, and the creation of collaborative networks between entrepreneurs. In terms of marketing and dissemination strategies, recommended practices include creating a bank of opportunities for startups, and using the university's institutional media as a platform for visibility and access to online resources to facilitate the exchange of knowledge and information. Research Implications: This study offers a valuable contribution to the understanding of the successful strategies adopted by Brazilian incubators in promoting entrepreneurship and innovation, providing a solid guide for the effective management of these important centers of entrepreneurial and technological development in the country.
Could Aqueous Extract from Castor Plants be the Solution to Effectively Control the Pink Mealybug Nymphs?
Authors: Marchiori Johnatan Jair de Paula , Holtz Anderson Mathias , De Assis Caio Henrique Binda , Piffer Ana Beatriz Mamedes , Aguiar Ronilda Lana , Oliveira Vinicius de Souza , Carriço Eduarda , Bruni Bruno Silva 
Published: February 2024

Objective: To evaluate under laboratory conditions the potential of the leaf extract of the species Ricinus communis L. regarding its insecticidal activity on nymphs of the pink mealybug and determine the Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50).

Theoretical reference: Maconellicoccus hirsutus is one of the key pests of several crops and has been diagnosed in more than 350 plant species. The species was reported for the first time in Brazil in 2010 in the State of Roraima, and has since spread to other Brazilian states causing considerable economic losses to the affected areas.

Method: The castor bean leaf extract was tested on M. hirsutus insects with varying concentrations. Application was done directly using an airbrush connected to a calibrated compressor. Evaluation occurred at 24, 48, and 72-hour intervals post-application.

Results and discussion: As the dosage of the extract was increased, a significant increase in the mortality rate of mealybugs was observed. The lethal concentration for 50 % of the M. hirsutus population (LC50) was calculated at 6.14%, with a confidence interval between 5.40 % and 7.02 % (m/v).

Implications of the research: The research proposes a sustainable approach to controlling pink mealybug nymphs, using an aqueous extract of R. communis leaves.

Originality/value: This article stands out for its innovation in exploring a sustainable approach to pest control, presenting an effective alternative to reduce dependence on chemical pesticides. This proposal is especially relevant to promote the adoption of more sustainable agricultural practices aligned with the principles of sustainable agriculture and providing benefits for both agricultural production and the environment.
Comparing the Frequency of Flare-Ups in Single vs Multiple Visit Non-Surgical Root Canal Therapy in Multi-Rooted Non Vital Teeth
Authors: Anjum Maham , Shirazi Um-e-Rubab , Awais Tabassum , Shafi Nighat , Ashfaq Misbah , Kamal Muhammad Mohsin 
Published: February 2024

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p>
<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of the study was to make a comparison between the frequencies of flare-ups occurring in single versus multiple visit non-surgical root canal therapy in multi-rooted teeth with pulpal necrosis.</p>
<p><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> 360 patients with multiple-rooted Non-Vital Teeth between the ages of 20 and 60, from both genders, were selected and randomly assigned into two groups. In group A, patients underwent root canal treatment in single visit. In group B, patients underwent 2 visits for root canal treatment. On follow up, if patient complained of endodontic pain not controlled with medication with or without swelling within 24 to 48 hours postoperatively, then flare-up was noted.</p>
<p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age recorded in group A was 41.90 &plusmn; 10.94 years whereas in group B, it was 41.21 &plusmn; 9.25 years. 148 (41.11%) were male and 212 (58.89%) were female with male to female ratio of 1:1.4. Frequency of flare-ups was 21 (11.67%) in single visit and in 05 (2.78%) patients in multiple visit non-surgical root canal therapy in multi-rooted teeth with pulpal necrosis with p-value of 0.001.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study concluded that frequency of flare-ups is lower after multiple visit non-surgical root canal therapy in multi-rooted teeth with pulpal necrosis as compared to single visit.</p>