bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thrombocytopenia in homosexual men
Authors: Goldsweig Howard G. , Grossman Ronald , William Daniel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe office records of two private practices with a preponderance of homosexual patients were reviewed for cases of males with unexplained thrombocytopenia. Twenty‐five patients meeting the selection criteria were found. The clinical and laboratory features of these patients were reviewed and compared to those characteristically seen in classic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. The mean age of the group was 36.5 years. There was a high incidence of a history of sexually transmitted diseases. Sixty percent had another hematologic abnormality in addition to thrombocytopenia.The clinical outcomes for these 25 patients were as follows: eight (32%) had a spontaneous increase in platelets; four (16%) had a stable count not requiring therapy; 12 (48%) received high‐dose prednisone; seven (28%) failed predinosone therapy and went on to splenectomy; two (8%) subsequently developed CDC‐defined AIDS.
Surface charge and hydrophobic properties of fresh and cryopreserved blood phagocytes as determined by partition in two‐phase aqueous polymer systems
Authors: Hill R. S. , Norris‐Jones R. , Still B. , Brooks D. E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCell partitioning in two‐phase aqueous polymer systems was used to examine hydrophobic and surface charge‐related membrane properties of fresh and cryopreserved human blood phagocytes. This technique is highly sensitive to cell surface characteristics, and the partition behavior depends exponentially on the membrane properties involved. The transition from fresh to cryopreserved and reconstituted cells was accompanied by a significant loss of net negative charge without detectable alteration in hydrophobic membrane properties as detected by the partition technique. The partition coefficient (PC), which is the proportion of cells partitioning into the upper phase, when measured for fresh cells mixed with dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) and cryopreserved leukocytes. No difference was detected between the PCs of the total leukocytes and phagocytes as determined by differential leukocyte counts of the upper polymer phase. The significantly reduced PC of cells prepared by dextran (Dx) separation in both charge‐sensitive and ‐insensitive systems is attributable to the capacity of Dx to adsorb, in part irreversibly, to cells so that those carrying Dx tend to partition with Dx in the lower phase. These results serve to illustrate the utility of partitioning as a highly sensitive method to probe leukocyte surface membrane properties.
Thyroid Lymphoma with gastrointestinal involvement: Report of three cases
Authors: Stone C. W. , Slease R. B. , Brubaker Daniel , Fabian Carol , Grozea P. N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree elderly females are reported who presented with high‐grade lymphoma of the thyroid and subsequently were found to have extensive gastrointestinal (GI) lymphoma that dominated their clinical courses. One of the patients remains free of disease 30+ months after extensive resection of involved bowel and combination chemotherapy. Two died from disseminated lymphoma. Optimal delivery of therapy in both of the latter patients was impeded by massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage. A review of previously reported cases of thyroid lymphoma, plus those described here. suggests a predilection for these tumors to involve the GI tract independent of other organ metastases.
The level of Hb F‐sardinia (α2A γ275IIe→Thr) in the fetal hemoglobin of sardinian β‐thalassemic homozygotes determined by isoelectric focusing
Authors: Masala B. , Manca L. , Formato M. , Matera A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA simple thin‐layer isoelectric focusing technique was used to separate Hb F‐Sardinia, containing the AγT‐globin chain, from the Hb F containing the γ‐ and the AγI‐ globin chains. The identity of the slow‐moving Hb F fraction as Hb F‐Sardinia was verified by PAGE. A negative correlation (R2 = 0.747, p < 0.001) was found between the percent Hb F‐Sardinia and percent Gγ‐chain in homozygotes for β‐thalassemia. Of 31 Sardinian β‐thalassemic patients studied, 21 were homozygous and eight heterozygous for the AγT polymorphism with a gene frequency of 0.823. The mean values of Hb F‐Sardinia were 39.1 ± 5.9% for the homozygotes and 17.1 ± 3.6% for the heterozygotes. The percentage of Hb F‐Sardinia found in β°‐thalassemic newborns was similar to that of corresponding normal newborns who also had the AγT poly‐morphism. No measurable differences in the percent Hb F‐Sardinia level were observed among β°‐thal patients who were polytransfused, β°‐thal patients studied before transfusion, and β°‐thal patients exhibiting the intermediate form of the disease who had never been transfused.
Autologous survival of cyanate‐treated cryopreserved sickle erythrocytes
Authors: Castro Oswaldo , Rana Sohall R. , Poillon William N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effects of carbamylation and frozen storage on the autologous 51Cr survival and metabolic features of sickle erythrocytes (S‐RBCs) were determined. Red cells from four patients with sickle hemoglobinopathies were treated with 50 mM sodium cyanate for 2 hr (37°C), glycerolized and frozen (−30°C) for 62‐153 days. The mean in vitro loss of S‐RBCs from the combination of cyanate treatment and cryopreservation was 23.6% (±3.5 SD). The 2, 3‐diphosphoglycerate content of the thawed cells did not change significantly. However, ATP levels decreased to about 50% of the corresponding values in fresh, untreated S‐RBCs. Despite this decrease in ATP, the mean intravascular survival of the frozen cyanated cells nearly doubled. At the high concentration of cyanate used, the oxygen affinity of S‐RBCs increased markedly: Their mean P50 was 13.1 mm Hg (± 1.9SD). The gelation of HbS at zero pO2 was also markedly inhibited in the one sample of cyanate‐treated S‐RBCs examined. Clinical studies to determine the efficacy of autologous transfusions with extensively carbamylated, cryopreserved S‐RBCs should be considered.
Increased bone marrow blood flow in rabbits with acute hemolytic anemia
Authors: Chen L. T. , Chen M. F. , Porter V. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe bone marrow blood flow in the femur of the rabbit with acute hemolytic anemia was measured by the radioactive microsphere method. Acute hemolytic anemia was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of phenylhydrazine. An increase in the bone marrow blood flow was detected three days after the induction of anemia and continued for about one week. The bone marrow blood flow of the anemic rabbit (66 ml/min/100 g marrow) was about three times that of the control (20 ml/min/100 g marrow). The increased blood flow to the bone marrow appeared to be correlated to the increased erythropoietic activity.
Abnormal T cell function in early‐stage chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients
Authors: Perri Robert T. , Kay Neil E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSignificant alterations in T cell subpopulations and function occur in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients. We studied whether abnormalities in peripheral blood T cell parameters were present in 15 untreated early stage CLL patients (ie, Rai stage 0, 1, 2). Seven of the nine patients showed decreased T helper support as compared to control T cells for pokeweed mitogen (PWM)‐induced control B cell proliferation (ie, patient 6,063 ± 1,434 cpm vs control 14,894 ± 121 cpm). All stage 0 and 1 patients showed a marked impairment of T helper activity for control B cell proliferation (patient T = 7,752 ± 1,137 cpm vs control T = 14,894 ± 121 cpm). In a separate assay system, six of nine CLL patients showed T suppressor activity for control B cell proliferation greater than control T cell suppressor activity. Four patients were stage 0 and 1. CLL patients demonstrated markedly impaired T cell support for control B cell immunoglobulin synthesis compared to control T cells (188 ± 28 vs 869 ± 56 hemolytic plaque‐forming cells (HePF)/culture, respectively). Control T cells showed increasing support for control B cell immunoglobulin synthesis with increasing T:B cell ratios (869 ± 56 vs 1,265 ± 48 HePFC/culture, at 1:1 and 2:1 T:B cell ratios, respectively). In contrast, five of eight CLL patients' T cells showed no improvement in control B cell immunoglobulin synthesis with increasing T:B cell ratios (795 ± 56 vs 569 ± 48 HePFC/culture, at 1:1 and 2:1 T:B cell ratios, respectively). There was no direct correlation with CLL T cellmediated suppression of B cell proliferation and suppression of B cell immunoglobulin synthesis. These studies suggest there is a complex array of abnormal immunoregulatory T cell function in early stage CLL. These include a prominent T helper dysfunction and more variable excessive suppressor activity. The relationship of these findings to the basic disease process remains to be elucidated.
T‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia with pure red cell aplasia: Laboratory demonstration of persistent leukemia in spite of apparent complete clinical remission
Authors: Hansen Richard M. , Lerner Neil , Abrams Ross A. , Patrick Catherine W. , Malik Mohammad I. , Keller Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 40‐year‐old woman presented with splenomegaly, macrocytic anemia, and red cell aplasia. Although lymphocytosis was absent in the peripheral blood, large atypical lymphoid aggregates were present in the bone marrow. Splenectomy resulted in partial remission of red cell aplasia, but a gradual increase in the number of peripheral blood lymphocytes followed during the next 36 months. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that the majority of these peripheral blood lymphocytes had suppressor, natural killer T‐cell phenotye. No other treatment was given until red cell hypoplasia worsened 42 months after initial presentation. Repeat bone marrow evaluation again demonstrated severe erythroid hypoplasia and large abnormal lymphocytic infiltrates. Cyclophosphamide given for 8 months resulted in complete resolution of the red cell aplasia and complete clinical remission of CLL. However, flow cytometric analysis revealed persistent increase in bone marrow T‐cells, and bone marrow co–culture studies demonstrated residual ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to inhibit erythropoiesis in vitro, suggesting that residual, clinically undetectable leukemia persists in spite of complete clinical remission.
Conformational changes in von Willebrand's factor protein: Effects on the binding of factor VIII‐coagulant
Authors: Benson Roger E. , Jones Douglas W. , Dodds W. Jean 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effects of conformational changes in purified canine von Willebrand's factor (VWF) were investigated to explore the relationship between its factor VIII‐related antigen (VIIIR:AG) and ristocetin cofactor (RCoF) properties and the factor VIII‐coagulant (VIII:C) binding site(s). Binding of VIII:C from canine von Willebrand's disease (VWD) plasma by VWF was used to measure the combining reaction of these proteins. The VWF was denatured to varying degrees by exposure to temperature and pH extremes, low ionic strength, and 6 M urea. Various treatments resulted in three types of change: elimination of RCoF, VIIIR:Ag, and VIII:C binding, removal of RCoF activity alone; or elimination of RCoF and retarded elution of VIIIR:Ag and VIII:C. As long as VIIIR:Ag reactivity was maintained, binding of VIII:C could be demonstrated; but in the absence of VIIIR:Ag, neither RCoF activity nor VIII:C binding remained. These results suggest that VIII:C binding and RCoF sites are separate on VWF and that interaction between VIII:C and VWF is possible even after significant structural changes occur in VWF. Furthermore, RCoF is more vulnerable to denaturation than the antigenic site. The spectrum of conformational changes that affect the properties of VWF may parallel the various recognized subtypes of VWD.
Effect of IgG anti‐Rho(D) in adult patients with chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Salama A. , Kiefel V. , Mueller‐Eckhardt C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeventeen adult patients with chronic (15 cases) or acute (two cases) autoimmune thrombocytopenia (ITP) were given intravenous and/or intramuscular injections of 0.75–4.5 mg of IgG anti‐Rho(D) over a period of 1–5 days. Significant elevations of the platelet count (increments > 50 × 109/liter) resulted in 13 of 15 Rh‐positive patients but not in either of two Rh‐negative patients. Heat‐aggregated human albumin given to one of the Rh‐negative patients also did not lead to a significant increase of the platelet count. The elevation of the platelet counts in Rh‐positive patients after IgG anti‐Rho(D) administration was often transient (< 4 weeks), but long‐term benefit (> 5 months) was achieved in five cases. The IgG concentration on RBC from five Rh‐positive patients studied increased from a usually undetectable value before to ∼ 700–1,700 IgG molecules/per RBC after anti‐RhoD) administration resulting in a strongly positive direct antiglobulin test. Nevertheless, an overt clinical hemolysis was seen in only one patient. The clearance of autologous 51Cr‐labeled RBC was determined in four patients and was slightly enhanced in three and normal in one splenectomized patient.We conclude that the Fc receptor blockade involved in platelet sequestration was not associated with the induction of significant RBC clearance and that a reversible interaction of sensitized RBC with phagocytic cells and/or a low‐grade destruction of these cells might be sufficient for the elevation of circulating platelets in the majority of patients with ITP.
The effects of splenectomy on engraftment and platelet transfusion requirements in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia undergoing marrow transplantation
Authors: Banaji Meera , Bearman Scott I. , Buckner C. Dean , Clift Reginald A. , Bensinger William I. , Petersen Finn B. , Slichter Sherrill J. , McGuffin Robert W. , Sanders Jean E. , Stewart Patricia S. , Hill Roger S. , Deeg H. Joachim , Storb Rainer , Thomas E. Donnall 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGranulocyte and platelet recovery as well as platelet transfusion requirements following allogeneic marrow transplantation were analyzed in 67 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in the chronic phase. Twenty patients had splenectomy prior to transplantation. Forty‐seven patients were transplanted without splenectomy, 21 of whom had splenic enlargement by physical examination. There were no differences in the proportion of patients with granulocyte recovery, but the recovery of peripheral granulocytes to levels of 200, 500 and 1,000/mm3 occurred more rapidly in the splenectomy group than in the no‐splenectomy group. Patients with splenectomy received platelet transfusions for a mean of 10 (2–36) days as compared to 20 (3–82) days for patients without splenectomy (p < .001). Eighteen (90%) patients with splenectomy became platelet transfusion independent at a median of 16 (2–32) days after transplantation as compared to 40 (85%) patients without splenectomy who became transfusion independent at a median of 28 (15–86) days (p < .001). The proportion of patients achieving platelet levels of 50 and 100 × 103/mm3 did not differ between the two groups (p = .07), but patients in the splenectomy group achieved these levels more rapidly following transplant (p < .001). One of 17 evaluable patients in the splenectomy group and 31 of 46 in the no‐splenectomy group became refractory to random platelets (p < .001) and required platelets from family members or unrelated completely or partially HLA matched donors. In the no‐splenectomy group, splenic size did not affect the speed of granulocyte or platelet recovery or platelet transfusion requirements. There was no difference in the post‐transplant survival of patients with or without splenectomy.
Investigation of a case of subtype IIC von Willebrand disease: Characterization of the variability of this subtype
Authors: Mazurier Claudine , Mannucci Pier Mannuccio , Parquet‐Gernez Armelle , Goudemand Maurice , Meyer Dominique 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA variant of von Willebrant disease (vWD) has been identified in a 19‐year‐old woman with a severe bleeding syndrome. She had a very prolonged bleeding time (over 20 min), 24 U/d1 factor VIII coagulant activity (F.VIII:C), 16 U/dl von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag), no ristocetin cofactor activity, and an anodal mobility of vWF:Ag on crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE). vWF:Ag was markedly reduced in her platelet lysate. In plasma and platelets, SDS‐agarose electrophoresis consistently demonstrated the absence of large multimers, a relatively increased concentration of the fastest‐moving multimer, and gross abnormalities of the internal structure of each vWF multimeric unit. Five members from the maternal side of the family had a double vWF:Ag peak by CIE and a relative increase of the fastest‐moving vWF multimer by SDS‐agarose electrophoresis; no quantitative or qualitative vWF defects were found in the paternal side of the family. The pattern of the findings in the propositus and her family is similar to those of type IIC vWD. However, there are some unique characteristics suggesting phenotypic variability in this subtype, such as low level of platelet vWF:Ag and the absence of increase of vWF after DDAVP administration.
T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with natural killer cell phenotype
Authors: Kaplan Joseph , Ravindranath Yaddanapudi , Inoue Susumu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo determine the type and proportion of cases within that type of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that has a natural killer (NK) cell phenotype, we examined leukemic blasts from 31 children with ALL (14 with T‐ALL, 17 with non‐T‐ALL) for expression of antigens detected by NK‐specific monoclonal antibodies Leu 11b, Leu 7, and 1G2 (an antibody we have developed that cross‐reacts with Leu 7). None of the patients had leukemic blasts that reacted with Leu 11b. However, leukemic blasts from four T‐ALL patients were 1G2+ and/or Leu 7+. Blasts from two of these had spontaneous lytic activity against standard NK target cell line K562; blasts from one killed K562 only when incubated with interferon; blasts from the other had no lytic activity against K562 but did manifest antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity against antibody‐coated cells from NK‐resistant cell line SB. Blasts from all four Leu 7+ patients had L2 morphology. In one, the leukemic blasts had azurophilic cytoplasmic granules similar to those found in NK‐enriched normal populations of large granular lymphocytes. These findings suggest that a significant proportion of T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias may be malignancies of NK cell origin.
Comparative evaluation of bone marrow aspirate particle smears, biopsy imprints, and biopsy sections
Authors: Pasquale Donald , Chikkappa G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBone marrow aspirate particle smears, biopsy imprints, and biopsy sections were compared to determine the accuracy of the three samples in assessing for overall cellularity, differential cell count, megakaryocyte density, iron stores, and tumor infiltration. Aspirate particle smears and biopsy imprints were stained by Wright‐Giemsa method. Aspirate particle smears were also stained with Prussian‐blue. Biopsy sections were 1 1/2–2 μ thick and were prepared from non‐decalcified plastic embedded samples and stained with combined Prussian‐blue‐hematoxylin‐eosin, and Giemsa. One hundred‐eight sets of specimens from 99 patients were examined. In 20 cases, chi‐square analysis showed a comparable degree of cellularity (p < 0.001) and megakaryocyte density (p < 0.001) among the three preparations. Differential count comparison by regression analysis indicated that mean percentages of neutrophilic cells in the proliferation compartment were comparable in the three groups (p < 0.01). A better correlation was obtained among the three groups in the percent neutrophilic cells in the maturation‐storage compartment, normoblasts, eosinophils, and plasma cells (p < 0.001). Lymphocytes in the aspirate smears correlated with the biopsy imprints (p < 0.01) but not with the biopsy sections (p > 0.05). Monocytes did not correlate in any of the groups (p > 0.05). In 47 cases, chi‐square analysis of iron stores in the aspirate particle smears correlated well with those in the biopsy sections (p < 0.001). Fifty‐two marrows that were done for staging nonhematological malignancies revealed malignant cells in 21 cases, biopsy sections were positive in all, biopsy imprints were positive in 19 (90%), and aspirate particle smears were positive in 7 (33%). Thirty‐six marrows done for staging non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma showed malignant cells in 13 cases. Twelve (92%) biopsy sections, three (23%) biopsy imprints, and nine (69%) aspirate particle smears contained lymphoma cells. In conclusion, a satisfactory evaluation of marrow samples for diagnostic studies can be achieved by examination of biopsy sections along with aspirate particle smears or biopsy imprints. Any of the three marrow preparations alone is not sufficient for accurate diagnosis in all cases. The biopsy imprint is an accurate modality for identifying nonhematological tumor metastasis in the bone marrow.
Isolation of malignant cells from human bone marrow using a discontinuous percoll gradient
Authors: Macfarlane S. D. , Tauro G. P. , Rendall K. , Welch J. J. , Ekert H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA technique for examining relatively large volumes of bone marrow for involvement by malignancy is described. The use of discontinuous Percoll gradients offers no advantage over conventional methods in the diagnosis of hematological malignancy. Its usefulness in detecting infiltration by solid tumor is uncertain. Complete exclusion of malignancy from the fraction containing hematologic stem cells in three patients raises the possibility that this technique is a useful adjunct to other methods of marrow purging before autologous marrow rescue in malignant disease.
Complex chromosomal abnormalities in a patient with lymphoid blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia
Authors: Haubenstock A. , Kim H. J. , Zalusky R. , Malamud S. C. , Mernick M. H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 46‐year‐old Chinese man underwent lymphoid blast crisis (Ia+, CALLA+, TdT+) after 5 years of chronic phase, Philadelphia‐chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia. Chromosome analysis revealed a hyperdiploid karyotype, including two Philadelphia chromosomes–‐55,XY,t(9;22) (q34;q11),+2,+5,+5,+6,+10,+18,+19,+21,+del(22)(qll→qter)–‐in the majority of the leukemic blasts. The constellation of a lymphoid blast crisis and complex chromosomal abnormalities usually associated with myeloid blast crisis as well as the clinical data are discussed.
TdT activity in acute myeloid leukemias defined by monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Miguel J. F. San , Gonzalez M. , Cañizo M. C. , Anta J. P. , Portero J. A. , Lopez‐Borrasca A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBlast cells from eight out of 71 patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by morphological, cytochemical, and immunological criteria showed TdT activity. Their distribution according to the FAB classification was one M1, one M2, one M4, two M5a, one M5b, one M6, and one undifferentiated case. The TdT+ AML cases did not show major clinical and hematological differences when compared with the classical TdT− AML patients. Other phenotypical aberrations in the expression of membrane antigens, apart from the presence of nuclear TdT, were not observed in these TdT+ cases after study with a large panel of monoclonal antibodies.A higher incidence of TdT+ cases was found among the monocytic variants of AML (M4 and M5)‐four cases‐than in the granulocytic variants (M1, M2, and M3)‐2 cases.These TdT+ cases should be distinguished from mixed leukemias by double labeling techniques, assessing in the TdT+ AML the coexpression of TdT and myeloid markers in individual cells as shown in four of our cases.