bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteomic profiling of 13 paired ductal infiltrating breast carcinomas and non‐tumoral adjacent counterparts
Authors: Pucci‐Minafra Ida , Cancemi Patrizia , Marabeti Maria Rita , Albanese Nadia Ninfa , Di Cara Gianluca , Taormina Pietra , Marrazzo Antonio 
Published: December 2006

AbstractAccording to recent statistics, breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of death among women in Western countries. Breast cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease, presently classified into several subtypes according to their cellular origin. Among breast cancer histotypes, infiltrating ductal carcinoma represents the most common and potentially aggressive form. Despite the current progress achieved in early cancer detection and treatment, including the new generation of molecular therapies, there is still need for identification of multiparametric biomarkers capable of discriminating between cancer subtypes and predicting cancer progression for personalized therapies. One established step in this direction is the proteomic strategy, expected to provide enough information on breast cancer profiling. To this aim, in the present study we analyzed 13 breast cancer tissues and their matched non‐tumoral tissues by 2‐DE. Collectively, we identified 51 protein spots, corresponding to 34 differentially expressed proteins, which may represent promising candidate biomarkers for molecular‐based diagnosis of breast cancer and for pattern discovery. The relevance of these proteins as factors contributing to breast carcinogenesis is discussed.
Experimental approaches for studying uptake and action of herbal medicines
Authors: Sumantran Venil N. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractIn order to gain wider credibility, herbal medicines must go through the rigorous scientific scrutiny to which synthetic drugs are subjected, and this includes investigating their absorption, bioavailability and metabolism. This review describes approaches for determining how active compounds in herbal formulations enter the systemic circulation. To assess how bioactive molecules enter the target organs and cells, specific cell lines and organ culture models can be used, followed byin vitromodels to show how they may regulate digestion, energy balance and metabolism. This could lead to a better understanding of how herbal medicines affect digestion and absorption; fundamental questions which should be answered in addition to their mechanism of action. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Features of the potential energy surface for the reaction of HO2 radical with acetone
Authors: Cours T. , Canneaux S. , Bohr F. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe mechanism of the reaction of acetone with HO2 has been studied by quantum chemical computations. Different stationary points on the potential energy surface (PES) of the reaction have been characterized. These stationary points are the reactants, products, molecular complexes, and transition states. Three pathways have been studied: two H‐abstraction channels and one HO2‐addition channel. The MP2 level of theory with the 6‐311G(d,p) basis set was employed for geometry optimization. The electronic energies was obtained at the PMP2, PMP4, and CCSD(T) level of theory with the 6‐311G(d,p) basis set on the computed geometries. The addition pathway is clearly the more favorable, contrary to the acetone + OH system. The pre‐reactive hydrogen‐bonded complexes have been characterized and show a large red shift between the OH stretching frequency in the HO2 radical and the one in the HO2 fragment of intermolecular complexes. Our addition rate constant k+ at T = 298 K (3.49 × 10−16 cm3 s−1) is consistent with previous experimental results (giving an upper limit of the rate constant of 6 × 10−16 cm3 s−1 at 298 K). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
Study of the oxidative half‐reaction catalyzed by a non‐heme ferrous catalytic center by means of structural and computational methodologies
Authors: Cicero Giancarlo , Carbonera Chiara , Valegård Karin , Hajdu Janos , Andersson Inger , Ranghino Graziella 
Published: December 2006

AbstractDeacetoxycephalosporin C synthase (DAOCS) is a mononuclear ferrous enzyme that catalyzes the expansion of the five‐membered thiazolidine ring of the penicillin nucleus into the six‐membered dihydrothiazine ring of the cephalosporins. In the first half‐reaction with dioxygen and 2‐oxoglutarate, a reactive iron–oxygen species is produced that can subsequently react with the penicillin substrate to yield the cephalosporin. We describe quantum mechanical calculations of the first part of the reaction based on the high‐resolution structures of the active site of DAOCS and its complexes with ligands. These studies are aimed at understanding how the reactive species can be produced and contained in the active site of the enzyme. The results demonstrate the priming of the active site by the co‐substrate for oxygen binding and hint to the presence of a stable iron–peroxo intermediate in equilibrium with a more reactive ferryl species and the formation of CO2 as a leaving group by decarboxylation of 2‐oxoglutarate. A conclusion from these studies is that substitution of CO2 by the penicillin substrate triggers the oxidation reaction in a booby‐trap‐like mechanism. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
Large harmonic sets of noncrossing edges for n randomly labeled vertices in convex position
Authors: Balogh József , Pittel Boris , Salazar Gelasio 
Published: December 2006

AbstractConsider a set of n points in the plane in convex position, where each point has an integer label from {0,1,…,n − 1}. This naturally induces a labeling of the edges: each edge (i,j) is assigned the label i + j, modulo n. We propose algorithms for finding large noncrossing harmonic matchings or paths, i.e., the matchings or paths in which no two edges have the same label. When the point labels are chosen uniformly at random, and independently of each other, our matching algorithm with high probability delivers a nearly–perfect matching, a matching of size n/2 − O(n1/3 lnn). We show that, in sharp contrast, a near‐perfect path is unlikely: with high probability the length of the longest path is below 0.96n. In a series of computer experiments, one of our algorithms invariably found a path of length above 0.76n, and the likely path length for our empirically second best algorithm is proved to be above 0.66n. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2007
Distributed algorithms in an ergodic Markovian environment
Authors: Comets Francis , Delarue François , Schott René 
Published: December 2006

AbstractWe provide a probabilistic analysis of the d‐dimensional banker algorithm when transition probabilities may depend on time and space. The transition probabilities evolve, as time goes by, along the trajectory of an ergodic Markovian environment, whereas the spatial parameter just acts on long runs. Our model complements the one considered by Guillotin‐Plantard and Schott (Random Struct Algorithm 21 (2002) 3–4, 371–396) where transitions are governed by a dynamical system, and appears as a new (small) step towards more general time and space dependent protocols. Our analysis relies on well‐known techniques from stochastic homogenization theory and investigates the asymptotic behavior of the rescaled algorithm as the total amount of resources available for allocation tends to infinity. In the two‐dimensional setting, we manage to exhibit three different possible regimes for the deadlock time of the limit system. To the best of our knowledge, the way we distinguish these regimes is completely new. We interpret our results in terms of stabilization of the algorithm.© 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2007
Sampling binary contingency tables with a greedy start
Authors: Bezáková Ivona , Bhatnagar Nayantara , Vigoda Eric 
Published: December 2006

AbstractWe study the problem of counting and randomly sampling binary contingency tables. For given row and column sums, we are interested in approximately counting (or sampling) 0/1 n × m matrices with the specified row/column sums. We present a simulated annealing algorithm with running time O((nm)2D3dmax log 5(n + m)) for any row/column sums, where D is the number of nonzero entries and dmax is the maximum row/column sum. In the worst case, the running time of the algorithm is O(n11 log 5n) for an n × n matrix. This is the first algorithm to directly solve binary contingency tables for all row/column sums. Previous work reduced the problem to the permanent, or restricted attention to row/column sums that are close to regular. The interesting aspect of our simulated annealing algorithm is that it starts at a nontrivial instance, whose solution relies on the existence of short alternating paths in the graph constructed by a particular Greedy algorithm.© 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2007
Offshore wind resource assessment with WAsP and MM5: comparative study for the German Bight
Authors: Jimenez Barbara , Durante Francesco , Lange Bernhard , Kreutzer Torsten , Tambke Jens 
Published: December 2006

AbstractIn this study, two different approaches to estimate the wind resource over the German Bight in the North Sea are compared: the mesoscale meteorological model MM5 and the wind resource assessment program WAsP. The dynamics of the atmosphere of the year 2004 was simulated with the MM5 model, with input from the NCEP global model, without directly utilizing measurement data. WAsP estimations were calculated on the basis of six measurement stations: three on islands, two offshore and one onshore. The annual mean wind speed at onshore, offshore and island sites is estimated by both models. The predictions are compared both with each other and with measured data. A spatial comparison of the wind resource calculated by the two models is made by means of a geographical information system. The results show that the accuracy of the WAsP predictions depends mainly on the measurement station used as input. Small differences are shown in the estimations performed by the three island stations, despite the large geographical distance between them. Compared with the measurements of the offshore sites, they seem to be suitable for estimating the offshore wind resource from measurements on land. The two offshore stations show differences when predicting each other's mean wind speed with the WAsP method, while the MM5 calculations show a similar deviation for both sites. The largest differences between the two models are found at distances of 5–50km from the coast. While in WAsP the increase occurs in the first 10km from the coast, MM5 models an increase due to coastal effects for at least 50km.  Copyright © 2006 John Wiley &Sons, Ltd.
Multivariate analyses of Canadian and Japanese populations of Glycyphagus destructor (Schrank) (Acarina, Glycyphagidae)
Authors: Sinha R. N. , van Bronswijk J. E. M. H. 
Published: December 2006

SummaryTwo multivariate statistical procedures were used to determine the basic trends of morphologic and geographic variations between males of a common stored‐grain mite, Glycyphagus destructor (Schrank) collected from Canada and Japan. All analyses were carried out on physical measurements of 25 morphological features. Three principal component analyses bases on the Canadian (50 specimens), Japanese (50 specimens) and the combined populations from the 2 countries (100 specimens) revealed that the first component, accounting for 40% of the variability in all 3 solutions represented a measure of the morphologic dimension of the body. The second component, which explained over 18% of the variability, is a measure of the leg dimension.Smaller clusters of variates characteristic of the population from each county were also evident. Discriminant analysis, performed with the Canadian and Japanese populations, identified the variates that differed between the 2 populations and provided an approximate appraisal of interrelations. The general conclusion based on these analyses is that the Canadian and the Japanese populations are morphologically distinct. The difference is most evident in the diameters of genu 2, lengths of the sensory seta WI, lengths of the body, and the distances between the vertical external setae.
Studies on the interspecies competition between the azuki bean weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis, and the southern cowpea weevil, C. maculatus V. The role of adult behavior in competition
Authors: Fujii Koichi 
Published: December 2006

SummaryOne strain (iC) of C. chinensis and two strains (aQ and tQ) of C. maculatus were used to study the temporal pattern in adult distribution in oviposition site.The density of iC in the oviposition site decreased faster than the density in the population cage, but the pattern was not affected by the presence of the other species.The density in ovipositon site of aQ and tQ controls was far lower than that of iC. The density changes in the controls of both strains were rather parallel to the pattern in the population cage.The density of aQ and tQ in the oviposition site in mixed cultures was affected by the presence of the other species. The density of aQ was less than half that in the controls. The pattern of density change was almost the same as in the controls. The density of tQ in the mixed cultures, although lowered initially by the presence of iC, increased after the density of iC decreased.Coupled with its longer female longevity, this characteristic of tQ behavior at the oviposition site apparently contributed to its winning the competition with iC.The adult distribution pattern observed in the present experiments provides an explanation for the peculiar two‐fold increase in mean individual weight of C. chinensis in mixed cultures compared with controls, while C. maculatus adults were a little lighter in mixed cultures than the controls.
A simulation approach to evaluating insecticides for brown planthopper control
Authors: Heong K. L. 
Published: December 2006

SummaryThe overall efficiency of insecticides with various egg, nymph and adult efficacy for brown planthopper control were analyzed using a simulation approach. Insecticides which have high nymphal efficacy are most effective. Nymphal efficacy contributes up to 71% of the potential efficiency while ovicidal efficacy contributes the remaining 29%. Adult efficacy alone appears to have negligible effects. Long residual efficacy provides better control, however, the increase in efficiency is not directly proportional to the residual period of the insecticide. A residual period of 10 to 15 days would suffice for BPH control.
Population density of Monochamus alternatus adults (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and incidence of pine wilt disease caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae)
Authors: Togashi Katsumi 
Published: December 2006

SummaryThe seasonal occurrence of Monochamus alternatus and newly weakened trees were investigated in a Pinus thunbergii stand for 4 years. Adult beetles were present between June and September with a peak in their population occurring in early July followed by a decline then a period of about one month being in a steady number. The average number of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda), which is the causal agent of pine wilt disease, within beetles decreased as the season advanced. Pine trees newly weakened by B. xylophilus appeared between June and October, especially from August to October. The proportion of weakened or killed trees was directly proportional to the average beetle density per tree from June to August.
Estimating dendroctonus frontalis (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) daily infestation dynamics
Authors: Pulley P. E. , Flamm R. O. , Coulson R. N. 
Published: December 2006

SummaryMathematical procedures are given to estimate infestation totals and daily life stage arrivals, departures, and mortality of Dendroctonus frontalisZimmermann for an infested tree in the field. These estimates are based on minimal sample data and are designed to utilize all available information. Daily arrival estimates for larvae, pupae, and callow adults are obtained by indirect analysis without direct observation of these stages. The procedures are applied to 147 infested trees, and the results are transformed to a common time basis to obtain daily expectations by life stage for an “average” tree. These expectations suggest optimal times for field sampling or relative times of sampling when optimal times are missed. Expected daily arrival distributions by life stage for a single egg and a single attacking adult are given. Procedures are given for utilizing collateral information to obtain an infestation total and daily arrival estimates for a boundary life stage. The results of this study are applicable to any D. frontalis field study, and the procedures given are applicable to any bark inhabiting insect having similar habits.
Population regulation of a mosquito Armigeres theobaldi with description of the animal fauna in zingiberaceous inflorescences
Authors: Mogi M. , Yamamura N. 
Published: December 2006

Summary
Inflorescences of some Curcuma and Zingiber (Zingiberaceae) in tropical Asia provide an unique aquatic habitat being discrete, small, and made of numerous smaller compartments (the bracts).
The aquatic community in inflorescences of Curcuma in northern Thailand was composed of immature Diptera, of which the biting midge Dasyhelea and the mosquito Armigeres theobaldi were the commonest. No important competitors, predators or pathogenic parasites for the mosquito were confirmed.
Inter‐inflorescence distribution of the mosquito was contagious. Within each inflorescence, the fourth‐instar larvae or pupae usually occupied bracts singly.
The k‐value analysis detected density‐dependent mortality due to contest competition in the mosquito larvae.
Variations in the larval and pupal mosquito size were density‐independent and remarkably small as compared with size variations known for other mosquitoes.
These population attributes (large density‐dependent mortality with density‐independent, minimally variable individual size) appear unique among mosquitoes, arising from conspecific killing, efficient foraging (inter‐bract movement by crawl and single occupation of bracts), and availability of host plant tissues as supplementary food.
A simple population model suggested that a small proportion of adult females lay eggs.
Pheromone trapping models for insect pest control
Authors: Barclay H. , van den Driessche P. 
Published: December 2006

SummaryPheromones have recently been suggested for use in insect pest control. We formulate a discrete version of a model with virgin females (or female equivalent of pheromone) in traps, and explore conditions under which this mechanism can eradicate the pest. Our model is density independent, thus when eradication is not possible, the pest increases without bound, in reality density dependent effects limit population growth. Successive refinements incorporating various features, show that delayed mating together with monogamy has a strong influence on the outcome, whereas other aspects of mating behaviour are relatively unimportant. All our models show that when males are in excess control is impossible but when some virgins are left unmated each day the outcome depends on the parameters. As the birth rate or survivorship increase, control by this method becomes more difficult.
Nymphal cannibalism in relation to oviposition behavior of adults in the assassin bug, Agriosphodrus dohrni signoret
Authors: Inoue Hiroshi 
Published: December 2006

SummaryNymphal cannibalism was studied over a five year period in a natural population of the assassin bug, Agriosphodrus dohrniSignoret. Cannibalism among instar I nymphs was potentially an effective agent to cause rapid decline of the newborn population in contrast to the rarity of cannibalism in other instars. The high incidence of cannibalism among newborn was associated with concentrated oviposition on the same site by two or more females. The rate of the duplicate oviposition was high at hollows on tree trunk where early mortality of nymphs in the absence of cannibalism was significantly low in comparison with other types of sites. However, analyses of oviposition showed that more than half of the overlapping ovipositions took place on the same day and that insuch a situation 95% of the lately deposited egg masses escaped cannibalism suggesting existence of avoiding mechanism of cannibalism in adult females under circumtances of ovipositional site limitation.
A protein tyrosine kinase associated with the ATP‐dependent inactivation of adipose diacylglycerol acyltransferase
Authors: Lau T. E. , Rodriguez M. A. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe activity that has been previously reported to reversibly inactivate adipose glycerolphosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) and diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT)in vitro in the presence of ATP is shown here to be partially purified from adipose tissue with an apparent molecular weight of 68 kDa. The activity responsible for inactivating DGAT is associated with a kinase activity as determined by phosphate incorporation both into microsomal proteins and into a synthetic tyrosine‐containing peptide as substrate for protein tyrosine kinase. Two microsomal polypeptides of 53 and 69 kDa are major substrates of this kinase. Both DGAT inactivating and kinase activities assayed from the purified sample have been found to be insensitive to the Ser/Thr kinase inhibitor H‐7 while being sensitive to genistein and tyrphostin‐25. A crude protein phosphatase preparation from liver was capable of reversing the effects of both activities. The purified sample was also shown to inactivate GPAT in the presence of ATP. These results suggest that a protein tyrosine kinase, in concert with a protein tyrosine phosphatase, may regulate the activities of DGAT and GPAT by a phosphorylation‐dephosphorylation mechanism.
The effects of dietary phospholipids enriched with phosphatidylethanolamine on bile and red cell membrane lipids in humans
Authors: Pakula Ronit , Konikoff Fred M. , Rubin Moshe , Ringel Yehuda , Peled Yochanan , Tietz Aliza , Gilat Tuvia 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe role of phospholipids in biliary cholesterol solubilization and crystallization has only recently begun to be appreciated. Phospholipid vesicles are believed to be the metastable carrier from which cholesterol nucleates. Cholesterol crystallization is influenced by the phospholipid species in bile. Feeding rats and hamsters with diets enriched in phospholipids or their precursors, especially ethanolamine, resulted in reduced cholesterol saturation of bile. Although whole phospholipids are normal dietary constituents, the effects and safety of phospholipid components have not been tested in humans. In the present study, we have evaluated the effects of a dietary phospholipid mixture, enriched with phosphatidylethanolamine, on human bile and red blood cell membrane lipid composition. Five ambulatory volunteers having a chronic indwelling T‐tube, with an intact enterohepatic circulation, were investigated. Thirty‐six grams of phospholipids (54% phosphatidylethanolamine, 54% linoleyl acyl chains) were added to their daily diet for fourteen days. Biliary nucleation time, cholesterol carriers, as well as plasma, red blood cell membrane, and bile lipid compositions, were monitored. Following phospholipid supplementation, the proportion of linoleyl chains (18:2) in biliary phospholipids increased significantly from 31.1±1.2 to 37.7±5.3%, while that of oleyl chains (18:1) decreased from 11.4±1.6 to 9.6±1.1%. These changes were accompanied by an increase of linoleate and its metabolite, arachidonate, in red cell membranes. Phospholipid feeding did not cause any side effects, and no significant changes in biliary nucleation time, cholesterol, phospholipid, or bile salt concentrations, or in the distribution of cholesterol within micelles or vesicles. We conclude that phospholipid feeding is safe, and can be effective as a vehicle for lecithin fatty acyl chain modulation of bile and lipid membranes. These findings may provide a basis for a controlled modulation of biliary phospholipids to increase cholesterol solubility in bile.