bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitigating Early Water and Gas Breakthrough: Autonomous Inflow Control Valve Applications in the Balder Field
Authors: Luciani I. , Wiranda W. , Samosir H. , Aagrav H. , Molstre Ø. , Ismail I. Mohd 
Published: April 2024

Summary
The Balder field is typically completed with long, horizontal wells. In the initial development of the field the wells were typically completed with stand-alone screens (SAS), in later developments they were completed with nozzle inflow control devices (ICD), and recently with autonomous inflow control devices (AICD) to mitigate early water breakthrough. The purpose of this study is to assess the implementation of autonomous inflow control valves (AICV) to further mitigate unwanted fluid production and enhance the long-term oil recovery in the field.
The study employed numerical reservoir simulation tools and static wellbore simulators to model the Balder field. Simulations were performed both on a sector model around the target well, to reduce simulation time, and on the full-field reservoir model. Two different dynamic reservoir simulators were used. Reservoir simulation tools were used to compare a base case scenario of SAS completion with AICVs. AICV wells require proper compartmentalization, and 3, 5, and 7 compartment scenarios were considered.
Simulation results show how the AICV completion retains the reservoir pressure in the initial years of production compared to the SAS. This leads to a significant reduction in early gas breakthrough, reducing the overall gas production. Moreover, the water production after breakthrough was also reduced. Water and gas production is reduced more by having more compartments, which indicates that proper isolation of the wellbore is key to optimize the production of a well. The simulation results from a hydrodynamic sector model aligned with the full field model, and the near wellbore model reproducing observed pressure drop across the AICVs assessing the robustness of the workflow for device modeling in simulators.
The study provides a workflow for performing dynamic reservoir simulations using AICV completion. It covers how compartmentalization affects the overall productivity of a well, and how AICVs work for optimizing the inflow from the reservoir to an oil well. Moreover, the study analyzes the impact of the reservoir model grid size on the lower completion evaluation. Important design decisions are based on physics in the reservoir and can be applied to other fields.
The low-flow mask oxygen could be a better treatment for emergency psychogenic hyperventilation syndromes: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Luo Zhenyu , Yuan Dongmei , yang linhe , Li Yunying 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To compare the effect of low-flow mask oxygenation (LFMO) with breathing training (BT) for psychogenic hyperventilation syndrome (PHVS), providing more options and evidence for clinical treatment.
Methods
A double-blind, randomized controlled trial (Registered number: ChiCTR2300072044, June 1, 2023) was conducted in a tertiary hospital from 5 June 2023 to 25 June 2023. Participants were recruited and randomly assigned to the LFMO or BT groups. All participants were guided and presented PHVS, then the LFMO group inhaled 3L/minute oxygen with the oxygen mask, and the BT group took the breath training with 20 breath rate/minute. The length of the recovery from PHVS and the comfort/tolerance score were collected as the primary outcome. and the PH, lactate, K+, Ca2+, PO2, and PCo2 was collected as the secondary outcome.
Results
Forty-four participants completed the study and were included for analysis (21 for the LFMO group and 23 for the BT group), mainly female (75%, n = 33). After a period of fast breathing, all participants diagnosed with PHVS by the 1st ABG test (Pco2: 27.40 ± 3.11; 28.80 ± 1.87) and Nijmegen Questionnaire(23.47 ± 0.66; 23.38 ± 0.58), and all participants recovered from PHVS after interventions. However, the LFMO group showed significant advantages in both the length of recovery (22.41 ± 3.36, p < 0.000) and comfort/tolerance (5.85 ± 1.23, p = 0.011), while no significant difference was detected among secondary outcomes.
Conclusion
Compared to traditional breath training, low-flow mask oxygenation could be a better treatment for PHVS, especially in emergency departments, with more comfort and faster recovery.
Digital Economy and Carbon Emission Intensity：A Cross-country Study
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Chen Lei , Li Jing , Ding Shengzhen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This paper discusses the effect of the digital economy on carbon emission intensity by using the TIMG index as a proxy variable for the development of the digital economy in 72 countries from 2013 to 2020. The results of this paper show that (1) there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between the development of the digital economy and the carbon emissions of various countries; that is, the development of the digital economy first has a positive effect on carbon emissions, and then, its impact turns negative after it reaches a designated inflection point. (2) The results of the mechanism analysis show that the development of the digital economy can reduce carbon emissions by promoting industrial upgrading, while it could have an inverted U-shaped nonlinear effect on carbon emissions. (3) The development of a country's digital economy may have a significantly inverted U-shaped spatial spillover effect on neighboring countries.
Analysis of the types and characteristics of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in high endemic areas of tuberculosis
Authors: Li Na-na , Lou Si-yu , Ma Yong-hong , Liu Mei , Zhang Wan-min , Zhang Xiao-ke , Peng Zhangli , Chen Ling , Lan Yuanbo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective: To understand the epidemiological, demographic and clinical characteristics of non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-PD) in areas with high incidence of tuberculosis.
Methods: A prospective surveillance study was conducted for non-tuberculous mycobacterial(NTM) at the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University for five consecutive years. A total of 6259 culture-positive specimens grown on Roche medium between January 2017 and December 2021 were collected. After acid-fast staining, colony morphology, growth time, and p-nitrobenzoic acid detection, suspicious NTM strains were screened and identified by gene sequencing, and the dominant groups were subjected to drug sensitivity test.
Results: A total of 107 suspected NTM colonies were screened from 6259 positive cultures, including 51 cases of NTM, 13 cases of MTB, and 43 cases of other bacteria. Among the 51 NTM positive patients, 43.1% were 45-65 years old. All the NTM positive specimens were derived from the respiratory tract. In 2017-2021, the isolation rate of NTM was the highest (1.18%) and the lowest (0.77%), and the main bacterial type was Mycobacterium abscessus (33.33%), followed by Mycobacterium intracellulare (27.45%), Mycobacterium chelates (11.76%), Mycobacterium kansasii (9.80%), Mycobacterium avium (7.84%), Mycobacterium gordonae (3.92%), Mycobacterium smegmatis (3.92%), and Mycobacterium bradyxanthum (1.96%). Other bacteria were dominated by Gordonia spp. The dominant NTM bacteria were Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium intracellulare, which had a high drug resistance rate. Middle-aged, male, bronchiectasis and serum albumin < 3.5 g/L were risk factors for NTM-PD.
Conclusions: The trend of NTM infection rate is stable in this area, but the drug resistance rate is high. M. abscessus is the most common pathogen of NTM. Middle-aged, male patients with bronchiectasis and serum albumin < 3.5 g/L have a high risk of progressing to NTM-PD. In areas with a high incidence of TB, clinicians should make a differential diagnosis between suspected pulmonary TB and NTM infections.
Efficacy and Safety of Inclisiran, Alirocumab, Evolocumab, and Evinacumab in Lipid-Lowering: A Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Lin , Li Bin , Chen Wei , Li Wei , Yang Huayun , Pan Diguang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To indirectly compare the efficacy and safety of inclisiran, alirocumab, evolocumab, and evinacumab in lipid-lowering through a network meta-analysis.
Methods
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were retrieved from databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. The search was conducted up to July 1, 2023. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and data analysis was performed using R software.
Results
A total of 21 randomized controlled trials involving 10,835 patients were included. The network meta-analysis indicated that Evolocumab was the most effective (87%) in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), followed by alirocumab (71.4%) and inclisiran (47.2%), with placebo being the least effective (0.01%). In increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), evolocumab ranked first (81.8%), followed by alirocumab (68.2%), with placebo again at the bottom (0.03%). In lowering total cholesterol, evolocumab performed the best (86%), followed by alirocumab (64%), and placebo remained the least effective (0.04%). Regarding adverse events (AEs), evinacumab ranked the highest (98.9%), followed by inclisiran (59.6%) and evolocumab (15.2%).
Conclusion
Evolocumab appears to be the most effective in increasing HDL-C, and reducing LDL-C and total cholesterol. Evinacumab shows the best safety profile with the lowest incidence of AEs.
Gram-Scale Synthesis of Heterogeneous Cu-MOFs Catalyst with Dual Functionalities for Late-stage Dicarbofunctionalization of Alkenes
Authors: Guo Shuo , Dong Lu , Chen Hu , Tan Xiaoli , Sun Wei , Feng Rui , Jia Yanyuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Multifunctional catalysts in organic synthesis are highly attractive, particularly in the construction of complex molecules. Here, we report the first example of heterogeneous Cu-MOFs catalyst with dual functions of photoredox and cross-coupling. IMU-108 can be synthesized on a gram scale from Cu(NO3)2·3H2O and 5-mercaptoisophthalic acid precursors by a simple reflux process. X-ray diffraction results revealed that IMU-108 is constructed from the in-situ bridged S-S bond between the zero-dimension metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs). The inter-polyhedras S-S bonds not only create a rigid geometric structure, but also allow IMU-108 to be bench-stable, while still maintaining excellent catalysis. We demonstrate the capacity of IMU-108 in heterogeneous photoredox-catalyzed cross-coupling of styrenes, α-carbonyl alkyl and bromides with boronic acids to yield various substituted 1,1-diarylalkanes in a single step. The versatility of this method enables late-stage functionalization of complex molecules without the need for de novo synthesis. Moreover, IMU-108 exhibits good recyclability, maintaining its catalytic activity over six consecutive reaction cycles.
Sorghum's Survival Strategy Against Drought During Early Growth Under PEG- Simulated Conditions Based on Transcriptome Analysis
Authors: Zhang Ruidong , Chang Jiarong , Chen Haiyun , Li Jiaqi , Feng Jun , Deng ZhiLan , Cao Xiong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Drought stress during sorghum emergence significantly impacts seedling establishment, with drought adversely affecting both emergence and population growth. This study aims to explore drought tolerance mechanisms in sorghum germination by analyzing physiological changes and transcriptomic data from two sorghum lines: W069 (drought-tolerant) and W040 (drought-sensitive). Under drought conditions, phenotypic analysis revealed that W069 exhibited longer shoot and root lengths compared to W040. Additionally, physiological data indicated higher osmotic substance content and lower MDA content in W069. Through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) analyses, three key pathways (starch and sucrose metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and phytohormone signaling) were identified as pivotal in drought response during seed germination in sorghum. Expression profiling revealed that most of the drought tolerance-related genes in the three key pathways were expressed at higher levels, in the drought-tolerant cultivar 'W069', which may be the reason for its greater stress tolerance. These findings enhance our comprehension of drought-responsive gene networks in sorghum seed germination, offering potential target genes and strategies for enhancing drought tolerance in this crop.
Non-targeted GC-MS metabolomics-based differences in Indica rice seeds of different varieties
Authors: Zhou Dahu , Jing Hao , Yuan Jun , Zhou Mingming , Liu Lin , Fu Junru , Ouyang Linjuan , Xu Jie , Bian Jianmin , Fu Haihui , He Haohua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Rice seeds of different varieties presented different metabolic profiles. In the study, we detected the metabolites in rice seeds of six varieties (CH, HM, NX, YX, HY, and MX) via non-targeted GC-MS. Our results showed that, amino acids, sugars, and organic acids showed higher proportions in seeds of all different varieties, and contributed more to distinguishing CH from the others; compared to CH, amino acids with the greatest changes in content were phenylalanine of NX, and glycine of YX, sugar with the greatest changes in content was 1,5-anhydroglucitol of NX, and glutamate and aspartate of both NX and YX, and lactulose of HM, HY, and MX were up-regulated. Due to the biological functions of these amino acids and sugars, these indicated that compared to CH, rice of NX were more conducive to metabolism of carbohydrate and fat, and healthy growth maintenance in the human body, but might be not suitable for the patients with diabetes, rice of YX was not suitable as potential glycine supplement, rice of HM, HY, and MX were more suitable as potential lactulose supplement, and content of main storage proteins in seeds of NX and YX were higher than those of CH. The study provided new thoughts for the differences research of different rice varieties.
Emodin alleviates cholestatic liver injury by modulating Sirt1/Fxr signaling pathways
Authors: Hu Zhi , Cheng Xiaohua , Cai Jun , Huang Chao , Hu Jinfang , Liu Jianming 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Emodin (EMO) not only has the effect of anti-cholestasis, but also has been reported to cause liver injury. We speculate that EMO has a hepatoprotective effect at a certain dose, while high doses can show liver injury, but the mechanism is still unclear. The farnesoid X receptor (Fxr) is the master bile acid nuclear receptor. Recent studies have reported that Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) can regulate the activities of Fxr. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the mechanism of EMO against ANIT-induced liver injury based on Sirt1/Fxr signaling pathway. The ANIT-induced cholestatic rats were used with or without EMO treatment. Serum biochemical indicators, as well as liver histopathological changes were examined. The genes expressions of Sirt1, Fxr, Shp, Bsep and Mrp2were detected. The expressions of Sirt1, Fxr and their downstream related genes were investigated in vitro. The results showed that EMO significantly alleviated ANIT-induced liver injury in rats, and increased Sirt1, Fxr, Shp, Bsep and Mrp2 gene expression in liver, while decreased the expression of Cyp7a1. EMO significantly activated Fxr, while Sirt1 inhibitor and Sirt1 gene silencing significantly reduced Fxr activity in vitro. Collectively, EMO in the right dose has a protective effect on liver injury induced by ANIT, and the mechanism may be through activation of Fxr by Sirt1, thus regulating bile acid metabolism, and reducing bile acid load in hepatocytes.
Multiple time scale complex dynamics in nonlinear time- delayed optoelectronic oscillator
Authors: Tang Dengfei , liang en , lu qiuyi , Zhao Haibin , Li Ziwei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

We investigated a time-delayed optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) that displays a wide range of complex dynamic behavior under multiple time scales. The phase-space trajectory distributions in different dynamic regimes were compared which brings a new perspective on the underlying mechanism of the transition process. It was found that bifurcation is always possible no matter how small the time delay is even if the universal adiabatic approximation model is invalid. Hereby we proposed a versatile simple oscillator which has a potential capacity as memory carrier and high-dimensional state spatial mapping ability that brings 1000 times computing-efficiency improvements of reservoir computing over the large delay one. Furthermore, we demonstrated a new approach for a tunable optoelectronic pulse generator (repetition rate at 0.2 MHz and 0.25 GHz) which depends critically on time-delayed input electrical pulse. The proposed oscillator is also a promising system for the applications of fast chaos-based communication.
Linking the spatiotemporal distribution of static stress drops to source faults in a fluid-driven earthquake swarm, northeastern Noto Peninsula, central Japan
Authors: Fukuoka Mitsuteru , Hiramatsu Yoshihiro , Yamada Takuji 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

We investigated stress drops during an earthquake swarm in northeastern Noto Peninsula, central Japan, which is characterized by ongoing seismic activity in four clusters. We focused on the spatiotemporal distribution of the static stress drop and its relationship with the source faults of the earthquake swarm. Employing the empirical Green’s function method, we estimated static stress drops for 90 earthquakes of MJMA 3.0–5.4. We obtained logarithmic mean stress drops of 13 MPa and 19 MPa from P-wave and S-wave analyses, respectively, typical values for crustal earthquakes. We comprehensively analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution of static stress drops in the northern cluster due to the abundance of available data and clarity of fault structures there. We observed larger static stress drops for earthquakes along shallow portions of the source faults, as defined by the hypocentral distribution during a given period. Conversely, we observed smaller static stress drops for earthquakes at medial depths along the faults. These results suggest higher fault strength at shallower depths along the faults and reduced fault strength at medial depths. We attribute the high fault strength at shallow depths to low pore fluid pressure after only limited fluid diffusion near the fault terminus. In contrast, we attribute the reduction in fault strength at greater depths to high pore fluid pressure within the fault following penetration by migrating fluids.
Thrombosis and Platelet Adhesion and Aggregation in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy under Arterial Shear Strip
Authors: he cui , ma haidong , gao xuemei , huang xiaojing , deng surong , liu yu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Platelet adhesion and aggregation effect increases in third-trimester wemen, and the risk of thrombosis increases, so how to achieve early diagnosis is particularly important.In this study, microfluidic chip technology was used to study the adhesion and aggregation behavior of platelets in third-trimester under different arterial shear rates (1000s-1, 1500s-1, 4000s-1). Flow cytometry was used to analyze platelet surface activation markers (PAC-1 and P-selectin CD62P), and to explore the diagnostic value of different platelet function assessment methods for the risk of third-trimester thrombosis in normal pregnant women. Compared to healthy controls, white blood cell, fibrinogen, D-dimer levels increased, while platelet levels decreased (P < 0.05). No significant difference observed in platelet reactivity to agonist induction under static conditions ( P > 0.05). Platelet aggregation and surface activation marker expression significantly increased with the increase of shear rate under flow conditions (P < 0.05). The expression of platelet surface activation markers elevated.So we believe that using microfluidic chip technology to evaluate platelet aggregation and thrombosis in the third-trimester under arterial flow conditions combined with platelet activation can help predict thrombotic diseases. And the results may provide effective clinical application data and a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and prevention of platelet dysfunction and thrombotic diseases during pregnancy.
Machine Learning-Based Identification of Co-expressed Genes in Prostate Cancer and CRPC and Construction of Prognostic Models
Authors: Huang Zhiheng , Xu Han , Zhang Tianhe , Wei Haiyang , Gao Junfeng , Xu Changbao , Fan Changhui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this study was to employ machine learning to identify shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in prostate cancer (PCa) initiation and castration resistance, aiming to establish a robust prognostic model and enhance understanding of patient prognosis for personalized treatment strategies.
Methods
mRNA transcriptome data associated with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) were obtained from the GEO database. Differential expression analysis was conducted using the limma R package to compare normal prostate samples with PCa samples, and PCa samples with CRPC samples. Next, we applied LASSO regression, univariate, and multivariate COX regression analyses to pinpoint genes linked to prognosis and build prognostic models. Validation was performed using the TCGA_PRAD dataset to confirm expression differences of hub genes and explore their correlation with clinical variables and prognostic significance.
Results
We successfully established a prostate cancer risk prediction model containing seven genes (KIF4A, UBE2C, FAM72D, CCDC78, HOXD9, LIX1 and SLC5A8) and verified its accuracy on an independent data set. The results of calibration curve and decision curve show that the model has potential clinical application value. The nomogram can accurately predict the prognosis of patients. Additionally, elevated expression of KIF4A, UBE2C, and FAM72D, or reduced expression of LIX1, correlated with advanced pathological T and N stages, clinical T stage, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, age at diagnosis, Gleason score, and shorter progression-free interval (PFI) (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
By integrating bioinformatics analysis and clinical data, we not only established a reliable prognostic model for prostate cancer but also identified key genes pivotal in disease progression and treatment resistance. These findings provide novel insights and methodologies for assessing prognosis and tailoring treatment strategies for prostate cancer patients.
Relationship between the adjustability of grasping force and upper limb/hand function evaluation in individuals with cerebrovascular disorders: a preliminary cross-sectional study
Authors: Kaneno Tatsuya , Kawahara Katsutoshi , Yabe Tatsuya , Tasaka Takashi , Sakurai Tomoyuki , Sato Akihiro , Akizuki Kazunori , Morita Yoshifumi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Activities of daily living, including grasping, holding, and pinching, are essential for daily living. However, these activities often become difficult in individuals with cerebrovascular disease owing to motor paralysis of the upper limbs and fingers caused by damage to the cerebral hemisphere. We hypothesized a relationship between adjustability of grasping force (AGF) and upper limb/hand functional assessment and aimed to clarify this relationship in individuals with cerebrovascular disorders.
Methods
This preliminary cross-sectional study included 12 individuals with cerebrovascular disorders assessed using the AGF, Fugl–Meyer assessment (FMA), simple test for evaluating hand function (STEF), action research arm test (ARAT), and motor activity log (MAL). Partial Spearman's rank correlation analysis was performed with adjustment for age.
Results
We observed a significant positive correlation between AGF (isometric section) on the unaffected side and MAL (Quality of Movement). Furthermore, AGF (isometric section) on the unaffected side showed a negative correlation with ARAT on the unaffected side.
Conclusions
AGF on the unaffected side impacts the affected hand’s quality of use in activities of daily living. Therefore, evaluation and intervention strategies that consider both the affected side and AGF on the unaffected side in individuals with cerebrovascular disorders are required.