bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of sulphide in water on corrosion of copper alloys
Authors: Xie Xuejun , Du Lijun , Pan Ling , Cao Shunan , Yan Min , Yang Wanqin 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to study the corrosion behaviour of copper alloys HSn70‐1 + As and B30 in water with sulphide.Design/methodology/approachThe mass‐loss method, electrochemical tests and surface analysis were used to study the corrosion behaviour of copper alloys HSn70‐1 + As and B30 in water with sulphide.FindingsDezincification corrosion occurred on HSn70‐1 + As both in water with or without sulphide, and sulphide in water accelerated corrosion, while for the copper alloy B30, the corrosion rates were very small both in water with or without sulphide, although corrosion was also accelerated by sulphide in water.Practical implicationsIn order to prevent copper alloys HSn70‐1 + As and B30 in water with sulphide from corroding, S2− must be removed.Originality/valueIt was found that sulphide in water accelerated the corrosion of copper alloys HSn70‐1 + As and B30 in this paper. Therefore, when water containing sulphide is used as the source of make‐up water and cooling water, S2− in water must be removed to prevent the pipelines and facilities from corroding. This means that the research results can offer theoretical guidelines for the prevention of pipelines and facilities in the power plant from corroding.
A new approach to elicit consumers' willingness to purchase genetically modified apples
Authors: Kassardjian Elsa , Gamble Joanna , Gunson Anne , Jaeger Sara R. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe goal of this research was to try a new methodology to elicit consumers' willingness to pay for genetically modified (GM) food.Design/methodology/approachEven though experimental auctions have been used for several years, they do not provide qualitative information on consumers' reasoning behind their purchase behaviours. To provide further illumination in this regard, a thought‐listing technique and a questionnaire were added.FindingsA majority of the consumers involved in this study were ready to pay for the GM food offered. The benefit provided by the GM product did not seem to be the major purchase criterion and sensory assessment appeared to be important. The use of different methodologies on the same sample of participants revealed that there was a gap between purchasing intentions and behaviours, and that a key to efficiently assessing public perception and purchase behaviours is the precision of the context.Research limitations implicationsThe absence of discrimination between the different benefits offered, might come from the limited size of the samples or from the nature of the benefits offered. Future research should consider larger samples and more diversified products.Practical implicationsThis study has concrete methodology applications. If one would like to conduct a market study, for instance, on a specific GM product, a general survey on biotechnology will not provide relevant answers.Originality/valueThe implementation of experimental auctions with psychometric tools, created an original and suitable protocol for accessing consumers' willingness to pay as well as their justifications.
Consumer perceptions of meat production
Authors: McEachern Morven G. , Seaman Claire 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo identify factors that could influence consumer perceptions relating to meat production and areas where further development would be of assistance to British agriculture.Design/methodology/approachQualitative semi‐structured interviews of a quota sample of Scottish meat purchasing consumers.FindingsResults indicate that consumer views on meat production vary widely and that while there are some differences between rural and urban consumers the differences are rarely simple. Views were expressed on a variety of factors including livestock producers, agricultural production, certification and traceability. Relatively few consumers were routinely concerned with assurance labels. Consequently, knowledge of underpinning standards was limited. Primary sources of meat were the major supermarket groups with a distinct bias towards older consumers among those who preferred to shop in small butchers shops. Attitudes towards producers were mainly positive but some consumers remained sceptical about producer behaviour during hard times.Research limitations/implicationsWhile more research would clearly be required to consider a broader spectrum of UK consumers, these current data indicate that consumer understanding of food information and indeed their interest and credibility of the current systems is a subject that would benefit from much wider research. The practical implications for the development of Government policy and for the idividual producers are substantial and would benefit from considerable clarification.Originality/valuePrior research concerning meat production and the views of consumers is limited. Theses findings have implications for future sector‐based communications to consumers, in that equal emphasis should be given to both rural and urban consumers. More collaborative communications measures must be implemented to ensure consumer awareness/understanding of underpinning assurance label standards and bring about loyal purchase preferences for British produce.
Development and empirical test of a grocery retail instore logistics model
Authors: Kotzab Herbert , Teller Christoph 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce a model of instore logistics for retail stores.Design/methodology/approachThe model attempted to give a picture of all logistics processes that are carried out within a retail outlet from an incoming dock to the check out. The model has afterwards been empirically validated by analyzing the instore logistics processes of dairy products in 200 stores in the Austrian grocery retail sector.FindingsThe findings of the survey show typical problem areas within store operations and identify the impact of instore logistics as a key factor impacting on the success of retail business.Originality/valueThe paper continues the work of Raman, DeHoratius and Ton in 2001, and Cachon, also in 2001 and the findings contribute to close the execution gap in retail operations.
Exploring the gap between attitudes and behaviour
Authors: Padel Susanne , Foster Carolyn 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to explore the values that underlie consumers purchasing decisions of organic food.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on data from focus groups and laddering interviews with a total of 181 regular and occasional consumers of organic food that were contrasted with survey results of other studies.FindingsThe results show that most consumers associate organic at first with vegetables and fruit and a healthy diet with organic products. Fruit and vegetables are also the first and in many cases only experience with buying organic product. The decision‐making process is complex and the importance of motives and barriers may vary between product categories.Research limitations/implicationsWhile further research would be required to facilitate full understanding of the consumer‐decision making process with regard to organic produce, this work indicates the complexity of the process and the likelihood of variation between different product categories. Future research should consider tradeoffs that consumers make between values and product as well as consumer segmentation.Originality/valuePrior research concerning the consumer decision‐making process with regard to organically produced food is limited. Theses findings have implications for future sector‐based communications to consumers and, potentially, for product development and labelling.
The development of the European market for organic products: insights from a Delphi study
Authors: Padel Susanne , Midmore Peter 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is present experiences using a well‐established forecasting tool, the Delphi method, to explore the dynamics of, and prospects for the development of the market for organic food in Europe. Delphi, developed by the Rand co‐operation to improve military technology forecasting, uses expert feedback to refine an informed perspective on complex or uncertain issues.Design/methodology/approachThis study used experts of the organic food market in 18 countries to explore factors influencing the development of the organic market, future market prospects, and the role of governments in future market development.FindingsThe results show that short supply chains and focus on regional organic shops may be an indication of an earlier stage of market development, likely to be followed by integration into mainstream outlets and involvement of multiple retailers.Research limitations/implicationsWhile more research would clearly be required, it is concluded that the mutual but mismatched interdependence of demand and supply acts as a constraint to the overall development. Policy intervention should not only take the specific local conditions, but also the stage of market development into account.Originality/valuePrior research in this area is limited, as is work using the Delphi method.
Genetically modified crops and country image of food exporting countries
Authors: Knight John G. , Mather Damien W. , Holdsworth David K. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeMany countries have held back from planting genetically modified (GM) food crops due to perceived negative reaction in export and domestic markets. Three lines of research have tested the reality of this fear.Design/methodology/approachIn‐depth interviews were conducted in European countries with key companies and organisations in the European food sector. Supermarket intercepts were used to ascertain purchasing intent for products from countries that do or do not produce GM crops. A purchasing experiment was conducted, where cherries labelled as GM, organic or conventional were on sale in a roadside stall.FindingsFood distribution channel members expressed concern about possibility of contamination or mix‐up between GM and non‐GM food. However, presence of GM crops in a country does not cause negative perception of food in general from that country. Approximately 30 per cent of consumers in the purchasing experiment proved willing to purchase GM cherries when there was a defined consumer benefit – either lower price or spray‐free.Practical implicationsCountries that have not yet planted GM food crops need to be cautious about possible negative impacts on channel member perceptions of non‐GM versions of the same crop from the same country. However, planting GM crops does not appear likely to damage the overall reputation of a food‐supplying country. GM applications in non‐food areas seem unlikely to damage perceptions of country image in relation to supply of food products from that country.Originality/valueProvides useful information for those planning to plant GM food crops.
The multi‐faceted dimension of packaging
Authors: Rundh Bo 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe increasing internationalisation and globalisation of business has forced many firms to reconsider what contributes to their competitive advantage. Despite the importance of packaging it is rather anonymous and has received little or marginal research. The purpose of this paper is to study how packaging can contribute to competitive advantage.Design/methodology/approachAspects of the packing industry and market are reviewed. Five case studies covering different packages in the supply chain are presented and analysed.FindingsStructural changes within the European food industry are reinforcing a need for competitiveness where packaging can make the difference for many consumer products. The findings from the case studies and the literature review underscore the importance of packaging and packaging design for fulfilling multi‐functions in relation to logistics and marketing in the supply chain from filler to end consumer. New demands due to changes in consumption patterns and habits are requiring innovative packaging solutions in retail outlets.Practical implicationsThe main implications for management is to understand and take advantage of packaging as a strategic weapon and marketing tool for the entire business, especially within a highly competitive food industry. This is important in every stage of the supply chain either for the transport packaging or as a consumer package in the supermarket.Originality/valueThis paper fulfils an identified need for recognising the importance of packaging in business strategy.
Exploring consumer differences in food demand: a stochastic frontier approach
Authors: Baltas George 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to consider a new application of stochastic frontier analysis, in which the method is applied to demand data for a food product category, in an attempt to benchmark category consumption and segment food consumers.Design/methodology/approachIn a unified, two‐stage approach, a stochastic frontier model is first estimated and subsequently deviations from the demand frontier are regressed on customer characteristics. The method is illustrated in scanner panel data.FindingsA frontier demand function estimated in scanner data of a frequently‐bought food category has significant and consistent parameters. Specific descriptor variables can explain excessive category demand and profile customers with considerable sales potential.Research limitations/implicationsMore work is needed to generalise the usefulness of the proposed model in different food categories. Future research may employ alternative functional specifications and explanatory variables.Practical implicationsThe empirical identification of salient characteristics improves consumer understanding and can assist in the design of data‐driven marketing action. Applied researchers can use marketing and demographic variables that are found in standard consumer panels to estimate frontier models.Originality/valueThe paper introduces stochastic frontier analysis as a means to determine consumer differences in food demand. This is an important area for retailers, producers and researchers.
Polyphenoloxidases in Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.)
Authors: Tchoné Michel , Bärwald G. , Meier C. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the polyphenoloxidases (PPO) activities in Jerusalem artichoke tubers as well as their inactivation. The following are important for the processing of this food: treatment and conversion used in preserving processes.Design/methodology/approachThe PPO of whole tubers and the separated tuber skins as determined using a modified PPO essay with 0.01 M dopamine.HCl as reactant and photometry (ΔA470 plotted against reaction time up to 3 min). Nine varieties used in German tuber production were in the test.FindingsThe highest enzyme activity of PPO was in the skin, range from 1,274 up to 3,026 nkat. In the pulps of the tubers nearly traces of PPO could be detected (range: 2 up to 5 nkat). The inhibition of PPO activity in tuber homogenates was investigated in simulated processes which were used in the food industry: heat (drying, pasteurisation) and oxidase inhibitors such as lemon juice, ascorbic and/ or citric acid. The optimum temperature of PPO was 60°C and the inactivation occurred at 85°C. The range of the PPO activity was between pH 5 and 10, with the optimum at pH 7.0. Lemon juice is a natural inhibitor of the PPO activity in fruit and vegetable juices containing Jerusalem artichoke as well as in canning the tubers. Lemon juice combined with citric acid and ascorbic acid is recommended against enzymatic browning reaction.Originality/valueThe characterisation of the parameters which influence enzymatic browning of Jerusalem artichoke tubers during food processing: heat and pH, have not been described before.
Food industry case studies: a suitable medium for publication
Authors: Lyons Howard 
Published: January 2007

PurposeCase studies are a valuable, yet often undervalued vehicle for communicating applied industry‐related research data. The British Food Journal, along with other journals, regularly receives case study papers yet in general terms, instructions on how they are best written is lacking. The purpose of this article is to provide advice on writing case studies for publication in a food‐related journal.Design/methodology/approachApproaches to writing case studies in other subject disciplines were reviewed and adapted for reporting food related case studies.FindingsDifferent forms of case studies are described and how they could be used to disseminate or communicate food related research/practitioner interventions is discussed. Suggestions for ensuring/maximising the quality of qualitative or quantitative case study submissions are presented. A template for writing case studies is provided and ethical considerations are discussed.Originality/valueThe article describes for the first time, advice and considerations on writing case studies for publication in a food‐related journal.
Development of methods for standardised HACCP assessment
Authors: Wallace Carol A. , Powell Susan C. , Holyoak Lynda 
Published: January 2007

PurposeAssessment of HACCP systems is a key element in assuring the effective management of food safety. However, there is no accepted approach or common methodology available to HACCP practitioners, auditors or regulatory bodies. This paper seeks to examine this situationDesign/methodology/approachThis paper reviews previous approaches to HACCP audit and describes developments in audit and audit methods based on a long‐term study of HACCP in a multinational organisation.FindingsThe proposed audit tools provide a useful method for collection of data on the effectiveness of HACCP plans and their implementation.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations of using this approach are identified and discussed.Originality/valueNew audit tools for validation and verification of HACCP effectiveness are proposed.
Critical issues in packaged food business
Authors: Ahmed Aziz , Ahmed Naser , Salman Ahmed 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to examine salient issues in the packaged food business with special focus on packaging and its crucial role covering food marketing, best practices in the food and drinks industry, product innovation, food safety and quality, food supply chain management and emerging trends.Design/methodology/approachPhenomenological research has raised awareness and increased insight into critical issues in the packaged food business. The approach is based on observation of the business environment, online research, a close watch on British food industry, analysis of papers in journals, and brainstorming with co‐researchers for four years.FindingsThe research has found that the key trends fostering growth in developed packaged food markets are convenience, functionality and indulgence. The real value of packaging is that the package is an integral part of the product today. Besides, food products frequently require the general marketing approaches and techniques applied to the marketing of other kinds of products and services. In addition, for the food industry to improve further, it needs to adopt the best practices shown in this research paper. Moreover, while going for product innovation, some critical success factors must be taken into account. Furthermore, the objective of all quality assurance systems exercised by food manufacturers and processors, is to produce safe products that comply with manufacturers' specifications, including the requirements established by governments. On top of that, the companies that are the most progressive in the management of the supply chain are expected to be the most successful and profitable. Last, but not least, companies should look forward to emerging trends for business success. All these critical issues must be observed in a packaged food business for superior performance.Research limitations/implicationsCompany surveys have not been performed due to the limited access of the research to well‐developed Western food markets. Hence, company surveys may be the next step to further identify critical issues in the packaged food business from the perspective of existing corporations.Originality/valueThis paper offers a holistic view that would guide a reader to identify critical issues in packaged food in existing or new businesses.
Consumer influence on internet‐based corporate communication of environmental activities: the UK food sector
Authors: Haddock Janet 
Published: January 2007

PurposeAims to demonstrate whether consumers influence provision of environmental communications by the UK food sector, challenging the view that such reporting is principally targeted at institutional stakeholders and shareholders.Design/methodology/approachWeb site research was undertaken on a sample of 43 manufacturers and 16 retailers on provision of environmental information of a policy (intent) or reporting (action‐based) nature, analysed using chi‐square techniques assessing the significance of turnover, public listing, brand‐name companies, consumer‐goods companies and media allegations on the provision of environmental information.FindingsTurnover, public listing, brand‐names, consumer‐focus and media allegations all affected provision of environmental information by UK food companies, suggesting that greater consumer‐focus leads to the perception that provision of such information into the public/consumer domain is important.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample size selected was relatively small, and findings were based on the assumption that the internet is an accurate and appropriate means of conveying environmental information to the consumer. Further research could test such findings with a larger sample and a consumer survey to confirm interest in corporate environmental information provision.Practical implicationsThere are important implications for UK food companies considering environmental actions and communications, particularly for brand‐name‐ or consumer‐focused companies. Reporting is seen as a necessary defence but may also offer opportunities for differentiated competitive advantage.Originality/valueThis paper is very valuable in challenging the traditional view that corporate environmental reporting is largely of interest to shareholders and other institutional stakeholders. It demonstrates the need for brand‐name‐ and consumer‐focused food companies to communicate their environmental performance, whether for competitive advantage or as a defensive strategy.