bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2.5 On-DNA C—H Transformations
Authors: Wang X. , Lu X. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe C—H activation approach is a powerful strategy for synthesizing valuable building blocks and complex drug candidates via the direct formation of C—C and C—X bonds. There are several challenges in the development of DNA-compatible C—H functionalization reactions, including the high energy required to activate the inert C—H bonds, the need to tolerate water, and the need to preserve the integrity of oligonucleotides. In this chapter, we summarize the significant advances achieved in DNA-compatible C—H functionalization, including transition-metal-mediated reactions, photocatalyst-mediated reactions, and biocatalyst-mediated reactions, showcasing their detailed experimental protocols and substrate scopes.
2.12 Micelle-Mediated Synthesis
Authors: Graham J. S. , Stanway-Gordon H. A. , Waring M. J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSolution-phase DNA-compatible chemistry has typically been restricted to aqueous media due to the solubility requirements of the oligonucleotide tag. This necessity has often limited the types of transformations that can be achieved within DNA-encoded libraries (DELs), and also the scope of building blocks that can be employed. Micelle-forming surfactants have been successfully employed within the field of green chemistry to allow for organic reactions to be conducted within aqueous systems. The application of such technologies for DNA-compatible chemistry thus shows significant promise in overcoming various issues previously exhibited in DEL synthesis, allowing for the generation of libraries with vastly improved chemical diversity. Reviewed herein are applications of micellar-mediated synthesis for DELs, including summaries of current methods for their construction. The implementation of this strategy allows for highly efficient transformations to be achieved across a broad range of substrates within each reaction class, marking an advantageous addition to on-DNA chemistry.
3.2.2.1 Encoded Self-Assembling (Dynamic) Chemical Libraries
Authors: Prati L. , Lucaroni L. , Cazzamalli S. , Neri D. , Oehler S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Encoded self-assembling chemical (ESAC) libraries consist of two independent sets of complementary single-stranded chemical libraries (named “sublibraries”) assembled by DNA hybridization. Various ESAC formats based on the incorporation of different numbers of building blocks (e.g., ESAC1+1, ESAC2+1), optionally cyclized (e.g., ESAC+), have been proposed. In the dynamic ESAC format, the use of short complementary DNA strands enables constant reshuffling of sublibraries, thus further enhancing the enrichment of target-binding building-block pairs during selections. In this chapter, a comprehensive review of the synthetic, analytical, and hit-validation procedures reported for ESAC libraries is presented. Examples of success stories involving the use of the ESAC technology in drug discovery are also discussed.
3.2.2.3 DNA-Encoded Dynamic Combinatorial Chemical Libraries
Authors: Reddavide F. V. , Heiden S. , Cui M. , Lin W. , Thompson M. , Zhang Y. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDNA-encoded dynamic combinatorial chemical library (EDCCL) technology is the application of dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) in the field of DNA-encoded library (DEL) technology. EDCCL technology can be used for de novo selection as well as to convert lead compounds into high-affinity bivalent binders. EDCCL technology aims to combine the advantages of DCC and DEL, while addressing some drawbacks from both.
High-resolution MHz time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy based on a tunable vacuum ultraviolet source
Authors: Hellbrück Lukas , Puppin Michele , Guo Fei , Hickstein Daniel D. , Benhabib Siham , Grioni Marco , Dil J. Hugo , LaGrange Thomas , Rønnow Henrik M. , Carbone Fabrizio 
Published: March 2024

The time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (trARPES) allows for direct mapping of the electronic band structure and its dynamic response on femtosecond timescales. Here, we present a new ARPES system, powered by a new fiber-based femtosecond light source in the vacuum ultraviolet range, accessing the complete first Brillouin zone for most materials. We present trARPES data on Au(111), polycrystalline Au, Bi2Se3, and TaTe2, demonstrating an energy resolution of 21 meV with a time resolution of &lt;360 fs, at a high repetition rate of 1 MHz. The system is integrated with an extreme ultraviolet high harmonic generation beamline, enabling an excellent tunability of the time-bandwidth resolution.
Joint actions affect infants’ cognitive word–object processing
Authors: Wildt Eugenia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study focuses on how salient, social, and interactional cues (solo vs. joint exploration) help 10-month-old infants (n = 66) to solve referential ambiguity, and examines the retention of word–object mappings. Results show that infants attend to salient objects when no other resources of information are available. When salient and social cues conflict, infants follow social information for referent selection. By comparing solo and joint object exploration, this study provides first evidence that joint actions modify the duration of infants’ attention to objects not only during object play but also in a retention test. During object play, joint actions with a social partner sustain infants’ attention to a referent. In the retention trials, joint actions affect infants’ attention patterns by reducing their initial saliency bias. This, in turn, indicates a change in cognitive processing of the word–object link.
Prius invisa animalia
Authors: Temmerman Thijs , Deploige Jeroen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article is based on a close reading of four fifteenth-century travel accounts, written by travellers who
started their journey in the Burgundian Low Countries and visited the Holy Land. We analyse what the representations of animals in
the travelogues of Guillebert de Lannoy, Bertrandon de la Broquière, Anselm Adornes, and Joos van Ghistele tell us about medieval
travellers, their experiences, cultural backgrounds, curiosity, and self-images. First, we question the attitude of travellers
towards animals they were familiar with, many of which they found useful for humans, while others were considered rather harmful.
Secondly, we look at how earlier texts, stories, and learned knowledge shaped travellers’ attitudes towards both observed and
unobserved animals. Finally, we study how the confrontation with strange animals compelled the authors of travel accounts to
creatively describe the unfamiliar and the unknown.
Anglicismos en el contexto contracultural de las historietas gráficas de los años 70 y su evolución
Authors: Giménez Folqués David 
Published: March 2024

Abstracta
En los años 70 se inicia en España un periodo de apertura en esferas culturales como las revistas, la música, el cine y la literatura. Desde un punto de vista lingüístico, este carácter de apertura permite la entrada de voces de otros idiomas, principalmente en inglés. Estas voces aparecen en distintos ámbitos juveniles como, por ejemplo, en las revistas con historietas gráficas icónicas como Star. Precisamente en este punto centraremos la presente investigación, ya que nuestro objetivo es analizar qué anglicismos aparecían en este contexto contracultural, concretamente en los 57 números que componen esta revista. A partir del corpus obtenido, observaremos si estas voces y expresiones se mantuvieron o se perdieron en las décadas siguientes en el idioma español mediante el filtro de corpus académicos como el CDH y el CORPES XXI.
“Please make sure we don’t get this interpreter again”
Authors: Xu Han 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Based on data obtained from semi-structured interviews with legal aid lawyers in Australia, this study examines
lawyers’ experience of working with interpreters in confidential legal settings. These interviews focused on lawyers’ knowledge of
the interpreting profession and their expectations of interpreting services. The findings show that lawyers overall possess a
sound knowledge of how to work with interpreters, as evidenced in their recognition of the interpreter’s ethical role, their
awareness of the need to accommodate the interpreter’s professional needs, and their ability to use various strategies to evaluate
interpreting quality. In terms of lawyers’ expectations, they value interpreters speaking the right dialect, being patient, and
complying with ethical requirements. The lawyers’ expectations of interpreting services are closely related to their professional
goal. However, lawyers raise serious issues about telephone interpreting, including interpreters not working in a secure location
and engaging in other activities during interpreting.
Evolution of ferrimagnetism against Griffiths singularity in calcium ruthenate
Authors: Kesarwani Pooja , Nath Sarangi Sachindra , Samal D , Sow Chanchal 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The magnetism in the correlated metal CaRuO3 is enigmatic as it is poised near a triple point among the ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and paramagnetic ground states. Here we report a detailed work on structural, spectroscopic, magnetic, and transport properties in CaRu

1
−
x

Cr
x
O3. We find that Cr doping reduces the orthorhombicity in CaRuO3. Surprisingly, a tiny (x = 0.01) amount of Cr-doping drives the magnetic ground state from ‘paramagnetic-like’ to ferrimagnetic. Slightly higher Cr-doping (x = 0.05) results formation of magnetic clusters which gives rise to Griffiths singularity and power law divergence in magnetic susceptibility. The magnetism in CaRu

1
−
x

Cr
x
O3 is explained in terms of ‘seven atom’ ferrimagnetic clusters. Electrical transport shows a gradual evolution of a non-metallic state upon Cr-doping. In particular, for x

⩾

0.1, the temperature-dependent resistivity follows Mott-VRH conduction. The XPS study also supports significant role of disorder and electron correlation which effectively reduces the itinerant character of electrons. Finally, a new T-x phase diagram is constructed depicting the evolution of electronic and magnetic state in CaRu

1
−
x

Cr
x
O3.
An integrated approach combining randomized kernel PCA, Gaussian mixture modeling and ICA for fault detection in non-linear processes
Authors: Khurshid Amir , Pani Ajaya Kumar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Principal component analysis (PCA) and independent component analysis (ICA), as well as their kernel extensions, have been widely applied in the past for industrial fault detection with Gaussian or non-Gaussian process data with linear or non-linear characteristics. Kernel-based techniques lead to computational complexity due to the high dimensionality of the dataset in the feature space. In this work, a randomization approach is used to obtain a low-rank approximation of the high-dimensional kernel matrix. A hybrid machine learning technique is proposed that integrates randomized kernel PCA (RKPCA) with ICA and Gaussian mixture modeling (GMM). The proposed approach, ICA-RKPCA-GMM, addresses the Gaussian and non-Gaussian characteristics of non-linear process data. Another hybrid algorithm combining three basic techniques of ICA, PCA and GMM is also developed (ICA-PCA-GMM). The fault detection performances of the proposed techniques (ICA-RKPCA-GMM and ICA-PCA-GMM) are compared with PCA, ICA, KPCA and combined ICA-PCA techniques by applying the techniques to two benchmark systems. Monitoring performances were evaluated by determining the false alarm rate and fault detection rate for different types of process and sensor faults. The simulation results show that the proposed ICA-RKPCA-GMM approach yields better results than individual ICA, PCA and KPCA techniques, the combined ICA-PCA and the proposed ICA-PCA-GMM technique.
Semi-physical simulation-driven contrastive decoupling net for intelligent fault diagnosis of unseen machines under varying speed
Authors: Shi Zhen , Chen Jinglong , Zi Yanyang , Cao Kuan , Li Biao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Multi-source domain generalization provides a good idea for intelligent fault diagnosis of unseen machines. However, the acquisition of multi-source training sets would not only affect the generalization effect, but also cause huge economic loss. Too much difference between source training sets would lead to negative transfer, while too much similarity between the sets would cause zero transfer. Simultaneously, the current methods based on the assumption of stable speed cannot realize intelligent diagnosis under varying speed. Therefore, a semi-physical simulation-driven contrastive decoupling network is presented. First, a phenomenological model is used to generate large amount of simulation data with different modulation frequencies and signal-to-noise ratios to provide support for the training of the net. Next, with the joint help of simulation data and physical data, a contrastive framework is introduced to extract domain-independent features. Finally, a decoupling framework is proposed to minimize speed-related information while maximizing health-related features, thereby enabling intelligent diagnosis of unseen devices at varying speed. The proposed method is tested on two cases operating under sharp speed variation and compared with some state-of-the-art methods. The results show the superiority of the proposed net in intelligent diagnosis of unseen equipment under drastically varying speed.
Cavitation-induced pressure saturation: a mechanism governing bubble nucleation density in histotripsy
Authors: Maxwell Adam D , Vlaisavljevich Eli 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective. Histotripsy is a noninvasive focused ultrasound therapy that mechanically disintegrates tissue by acoustic cavitation clouds. In this study, we investigate a mechanism limiting the density of bubbles that can nucleate during a histotripsy pulse. In this mechanism, the pressure generated by the initial bubble expansion effectively negates the incident pressure in the vicinity of the bubble. From this effect, the immediately adjacent tissue is prevented from experiencing the transient tension to nucleate bubbles. Approach. A Keller–Miksis-type single-bubble model was employed to evaluate the dependency of this effect on ultrasound pressure amplitude and frequency, viscoelastic medium properties, bubble nucleus size, and transducer geometric focusing. This model was further combined with a spatial propagation model to predict the peak negative pressure field as a function of position from a cavitating bubble. Main results. The single-bubble model showed the peak negative pressure near the bubble surface is limited to the inertial cavitation threshold. The predicted bubble density increased with increasing frequency, tissue viscosity, and transducer focusing angle. The simulated results were consistent with the trends observed experimentally in prior studies, including changes in density with ultrasound frequency and transducer F-number. Significance. The efficacy of the therapy is dependent on several factors, including the density of bubbles nucleated within the cavitation cloud formed at the focus. These results provide insight into controlling the density of nucleated bubbles during histotripsy and the therapeutic efficacy.
Biaxial strain modulation of the optoelectronic properties of F-doped defective monolayer SnS2
Authors: Ma Mengting , Liu Guili , Yang Zhonghua , Zhang Guoying 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The first principles approach calculates the geometrical structure, stability, and optoelectronic properties of F-atom doped S vacancy defective SnS2 systems under biaxial tensile and compressive deformation. The calculations show that all systems can be formed stably, and defects and F doping cause a tiny increase in the average bond length of the systems. The formation of defects converts an indirect bandgap system into a direct one. Substitutional doping of F atoms transforms the SnS2 structure into a p-type semiconductor. The doped system’s valence band mainly originates from S-3p orbitals, Sn-5p orbitals, and F-2p orbitals. The conduction bands mainly originate from the S-3p, Sn-5s, and F-2p orbitals. The absorption and reflection peaks of the doped system with applied strain are blueshifted at the maximum peak. The biaxial compressive strain increases the band gap and decreases the doped system’s refractive index and extinction coefficient. The biaxial tensile strain increases the band gap of the doped system, the hybridization of the valence band of the system is enhanced, the conductivity of the real part of the complex dielectric function of the system is increased, and the refractive index of the system is elevated. The biaxial stretching strain can better change the sensitivity of the F-doped system to visible light.
Galvanic vs. pulsatile effects on decision-making networks: reshaping the neural activation landscape
Authors: Adkisson Paul W , Steinhardt Cynthia R , Fridman Gene Y 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective. Primarily due to safety concerns, biphasic pulsatile stimulation (PS) is the present standard for electrical excitation of neural tissue with a diverse set of applications. While pulses have been shown to be effective to achieve functional outcomes, they have well-known deficits. Due to recent technical advances, galvanic stimulation (GS), delivery of current for extended periods of time (>1 s), has re-emerged as an alternative to PS. Approach. In this paper, we use a winner-take-all decision-making cortical network model to investigate differences between pulsatile and GS in the context of a perceptual decision-making task. Main results. Based on previous work, we hypothesized that GS would produce more spatiotemporally distributed, network-sensitive neural responses, while PS would produce highly synchronized activation of a limited group of neurons. Our results in-silico support these hypotheses for low-amplitude GS but deviate when galvanic amplitudes are large enough to directly activate or block nearby neurons. Significance. We conclude that with careful parametrization, GS could overcome some limitations of PS to deliver more naturalistic firing patterns in the group of targeted neurons.
The sound absorption properties of a double-leaf micro perforated panel (DL-MPP) made from a double-layered polypropylene material.
Authors: Yahya M N , Che Din N , Desmond Daniel C V S , Haron Z , Yahya K , Mohd Junaid T 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Micro-perforated panel sound absorbers are recognized as an alternative method for noise control, offering advantages over conventional porous absorbers. However, the sound absorption of a single micro-perforated panel (MPP) is limited in its ability to cover a broad range of frequencies, especially in the low-frequency region. Therefore, the primary focus of this study is to investigate the sound absorption performance of a double-leaf micro-perforated panel (DL-MPP) absorber, which aims to achieve high sound absorption across a wide frequency range. This study examines the impact of varying parameters, including perforation ratio, diameter of perforated holes, and air gap thickness, on the sound absorption characteristics of a polypropylene-based DL-MPP absorber. Polypropylene was used as the sound absorption material for this investigation. The DL-MPP absorber consists of two perforated panels installed parallel to a rigid back wall, with an air gap between them. To assess the sound absorption performance, a prototype of the DL-MPP absorber was fabricated and tested using a two-microphone impedance tube method following ASTM E1050 standard. The results demonstrate that the optimal sound absorption performance was achieved by designing the MPPs with a 1% perforation ratio, 1 mm diameter of perforated holes, and a 1 mm sample thickness.
Sound reflection patterns in the classroom of slanted floor
Authors: Amizi H H , Harun M , Rashid R A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Speech intelligibility (SI) is the measurement of understanding the speech sound by the individuals. In the classroom, modern engineering acoustics has been discussing about the effect of SI such as the academic performance and health of students. Sound reflection in the classroom is one of the factors that affect SI and it is characterized into two types which are early reflections and late reflections. The purpose of this research was to obtain the sound reflection pattern in two classrooms with slanted floor of about the same size. It was done by capturing the sound signal at 12 measurement points in the classroom using Real Wave Analyzer (RWA) and a Smartphone. The sound signals were converted into Power Spectral Density (PSD) using Matlab to analyse the sound reflection patterns. This research also aims to observe the difference of PSD results from which the sound signals were acquired from RWA and Smartphone. It has been found that, the nearer the distance of the ground to ceiling results a higher PSD in both room sample at 1000Hz. Besides, using Smartphone results a higher PSD compared to using RWA at 500Hz. In conclusion, the nearer distance of ground to ceiling in a slanted floor classroom results a higher PSD at 1000Hz
Sound Absorption of Microperforated Panel Made from Polylactic Acid (PLA)
Authors: Daniel Chin Vui Sheng Desmond , Nizam Bin Yahya Musli , Bin Che Din Nazli , Aisyah Bin Mohamad Nazam Nur , Yinn Wong Keng , Asyraf M. R. M. , Sekar Vignesh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The microperforated panel (MPP) is a unique panel that has evolved from the traditional perforated panel. Previously, the perforated panel was mainly used as a protective cover for porous materials. The MPP absorbs sound through the viscous effect around its perforated holes. However, traditional MPPs are typically made from metallic materials that are not environmentally friendly. In contrast, polylactic acid (PLA) is a biopolymer extracted from natural resources such as corn and sugarcane. When buried in soil, PLA degrades naturally with the assistance of soil bacteria and fungi, making it an eco-friendly choice. In this study, 3D printing method was utilized to produce MPP using PLA as the material. The sound absorption performance of PLA MPP was compared to steel MPP, which served as the benchmark. Interestingly, the sound absorption performance of PLA MPP was found to be comparable to that of steel MPP. This highlights PLA as a viable material for MPP production, aligning with the global goal of environmental preservation and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12, which emphasizes responsible consumption and production.