bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Lactation on Alveolar Bone Loss in Experimental Periodontitis
Authors: Shoji Kanako , Ohtsuka‐Isoya Mie , Shimauchi Hidetoshi , Shinoda Hisashi 
Published: January 2007

Background: The development and progression of periodontitis are accelerated by various systemic conditions. The present study was designed to determine whether lactation affects alveolar bone loss in rat models of experimental periodontitis.Methods: Sixty‐two female Wistar rats were bred with male rats and divided into three groups that were fed diets containing 0.9%, 0.3%, and 0.02% calcium. They were divided further into two subgroups of lactating and non‐lactating animals. An elastic ring was placed around the neck of the right mandibular first molar to induce periodontitis (experimental side) on day 32 after mating. The left first molar was not fitted with an elastic ring (control side). After the lactation period, bone mineral density (BMD) was determined, and a histologic examination of the interdental alveolar bone was performed.Results: On the experimental and control sides, BMD decreased significantly according to the amount of calcium in the diet; however, the magnitude of this decrease was much greater in the lactating group. Histologic examination revealed that in lactating and non‐lactating rats, the decrease in BMD was accompanied by a decrease in alveolar bone height on the experimental side, whereas similar results were not seen on the control side.Conclusions: Lactation could be a risk factor for alveolar bone loss, especially under conditions of calcium insufficiency. Increased systemic demand for calcium and an insufficient supply of calcium might enhance the development of alveolar bone loss in periodontitis.
Artificial Zinc(II) Complexes Regulate Cell Cycle and Apoptosis‐Related Genes in Tumor Cell Lines
Authors: Gao Jian , Liu Ya‐Guang , Zhou Yaqing , Boxer Linda M. , Woolley F. Ross , Zingaro Ralph A. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractVarious proteins involved in transcriptional regulation possess highly selective DNA‐binding domains, known as zinc fingers. However, little is known about small‐molecule zinc(II) complexes in the regulation of gene expression and programmed cell death. A new family of zinc(II) complexes is reported, which might be useful against human cancer cells. By using template synthesis and in vitro cell‐line screening, a set of zinc(II) complexes has been found to induce apoptosis of cancer cells and display single‐reagent in vitro cytotoxicity. The method used to synthesize the molecules resulted in “built‐in” luminescent behavior. Confocal optical imaging clearly demonstrated penetration through the cell membrane by these metal complexes. We have discovered that C3, the meso‐zinc(II) complex is an extremely efficient regulator of the cell cycle and anti‐apoptosis genes bcl‐2 and bcl‐xL. This study provides a new insight into the development of zinc(II) complexes as potential drugs.
Synthesis and Characterization of the First Silver Complexes with Antimony Anions
Authors: Fenske Dieter , Rothenberger Alexander , Wieber Stephan 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of the silver antimony complexes [Ag12{Sb(SiMe3)}6(PiPr3)6] (1), [Ag4(Sb4Ph4)2(PiPr3)4] (2) and [Ag4(Sb6Ph6)2(PnBu3)4] (3) is reported. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Depletion of neutrophils reduces neuronal degeneration and inflammatory responses induced by quinolinic acid in vivo
Authors: Ryu Jae K. , Tran Karen C. , McLarnon James G. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe use of anti‐neutrophil serum (anti‐PMN) to induce neutropenia has been assessed for neuroprotection, modulation of microgliosis and astrogliosis, effects on oxidative stress, and intactness of blood‐brain barrier (BBB) following injection of the excitotoxin quinolinic acid (QUIN) into rat striatum. At 1 day following QUIN injection, considerable striatal neurodegeneration was measured (Fluoro‐Jade B marker). At this time, marked microgliosis (OX‐42 marker) and astrogliosis (GFAP marker) were evident in QUIN‐injected striatum. Treatment of QUIN‐injected animals with anti‐PMN protected neurons (48% reduction of striatal neuron loss) and inhibited microgliosis (61% reduction) and astrogliosis (43% reduction) compared with QUIN injection alone. Anti‐PMN treatment was effective in decreasing levels of superoxide anions (by 42%) compared with QUIN alone; in addition, expressions of the neutrophil enzyme myeloperoxidase and the neutrophil oxidant 3‐chlorotyrosine were markedly reduced (by 79 and 72%, respectively) with neutrophil depletion. QUIN‐induced leakiness in BBB was indicated by elevated striatal levels of the blood protein fibrinogen, a result confirmed using Evans blue dye; anti‐PMN was effective in reducing BBB permeability. Measurements from QUIN‐injected animals directly confirmed anti‐PMN efficacy in diminishing numbers of circulating neutrophils. Longer term neuroprotection and reduced microgliosis were also observed at 7 days post‐injection of anti‐PMN; at this time, anti‐PMN‐treated rats also demonstrated an improved apomorphine‐induced rotational performance. We conclude that anti‐PMN treatment could serve as a novel strategy to prevent leakiness to BBB, reduce gliosis, and protect striatal neurons in excitotoxin‐injected brain. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
OCT‐4, an embryonic stem cell marker, is highly expressed in bladder cancer
Authors: Atlasi Yaser , Mowla Seyed J. , Ziaee Seyed A.M. , Bahrami Ahmad‐Reza 
Published: January 2007

AbstractOCT‐4 (also known as POU5F1) is a key regulator of self‐renewal in embryonic stem cells. Regarding the new cancer stem cell concept, the expression of such genes is potentially correlated with tumorigenesis and can affect some aspects of tumor behavior, such as tumor recurrence or resistance to therapies. Although OCT‐4 has been introduced as a molecular marker for germ cell tumors, little is known about its expression in somatic cancers. Here, we have investigated the potential expression of OCT‐4 in bladder cancer. We used semiquantitative RT‐PCR to examine the expression of OCT‐4 in 32 tumors, 13 apparently nontumor tissues taken from the margin of tumors and 9 normal urothelial tissues. The expression of OCT‐4 at protein level was further determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. OCT‐4 expression was detected in almost all examined tumors (31/32), but at much lower level (p < 0.001) in some nonneoplastic samples (6/22). A significantly strong correlation of 0.6 has been observed between OCT‐4 expression and the presence of tumors (p < 0.001). Western blot analysis further confirmed the expression of OCT‐4 in tumor biopsies. According to IHC results, OCT‐4 is primarily localized in the nuclei of tumor cells, with no or low immunoreactivity in nontumor cells. Our study demonstrated, for the first time, the expression of OCT‐4 in bladder cancer and a further clue to the involvement of embryonic genes in carcinogenesis. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Theory of ferromagnetic semiconductors
Authors: Katayama‐Yoshida H. , Sato K. , Fukushima T. , Toyoda M. , Kizaki H. , Dinh V. A. , Dederichs P. H. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe Editor's Choice article presents a unified physical picture of magnetism and an accurate calculation method of the Curie temperature TC in II–VI and III–V dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMS). New phases in inhomogeneous systems, e.g. nitrides, causing particularly high T C are proposed. The cover picture shows the spinodal nano‐decomposition of (Ga,Cr)N (Cr 30% T C = 700 K), called 3D Dairiseki phase after 100 Monte Carlo steps. Cr atoms are plotted in pink colour.The first author, Hiroshi Katayama‐Yoshida holds a professor‐ship at ISIR, Departments of Condensed Matter Physics and Computational Nano‐materials Design of Osaka University. His research area covers semiconductor physics and high‐TC superconductors as well as computational nano‐materials design, yielding 40 patents and more than 300 publications to date.The article is an invited presentation from the recent 2006 E‐MRS Fall Meeting symposium on Dilute Magnetic Materials for Spintronic Applications in Warsaw, highlighting the current high scientific interest in the development of DMS and other materials exhibiting ferromagnetism. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Performance measures for supporting project manager decisions
Authors: Bertolino Antonia , Marchetti Eda , Mirandola Raffaela 
Published: January 2007

AbstractSoftware measurement is a crucial technology along the software development process, and notably for project management. Decision‐making in project management requires in fact, accurate estimations and the support of metrics to monitor and control the varying factors affecting the development process.Managers must make reliable schedule predictions and optimize personnel utilization. They therefore must be able to dynamically evaluate whether the resources assigned to a job are sufficient and whether the organization structure is adequate to meet the scheduled deadlines.To support managers in these tasks, we propose a method called Propean (for PROject PErformance ANalysis) based on the combination of classical performance engineering techniques and the Unified Modelling Language (UML). The combined application of these disciplines guarantees on one hand, a validated approach for modelling and estimating the ‘Quality of Service’ parameters when they come to the development process. Performance engineering techniques are in fact based on rigorous mathematical formalisms such as queueing networks, stochastic Petri nets and Markov models. On the other hand, the adoption of UML provides managers with an easy‐to‐use front‐end representation of the process closer to the design notations they routinely employ. To illustrate Propean application, in this article, we model the case of a manager who must decide a release date for a product undergoing the testing phase. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of essential fatty acid deficiency on the size and distribution of rat plasma HDL
Authors: Lowe K. E. , Pelkey S. , Williams M. A. , Nichols A. V. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractRat plasma high density lipoproteins (HDL) are comprised of two major particle size subpopulations, HDL1 (255 Å−140 Å) and HDL2 (140 Å−84 Å), in which the proportion of arachidonate in fatty acids of cholesteryl esters is greater than 50%. To determine whether decreased availability of arachidonate for cholesterol esterification would alter the distribution and/or amounts of the HDL subpopulations, we compared HDL subpopulations in EFA‐deficient and control rats. To separate the effects of EFA deficiency and fat deficiency and to evaluate effects of different saturated fats, we used EFA‐deficient diets that were fat‐free or that contained 5% saturated fat. The control diets were the EFA‐deficient diets plus 1% safflower oil. The saturated fats were hydrogenated coconut oil, hydrogenated cottonseed oil and saturated medium‐chain triglycerides. All EFA‐deficient diets decreased the proportion of the HDL1 subpopulation and the peak diameter of the HDL2 subpopulation. These changes appeared after quite brief EFA depletion in young rats and may be related to the increased liver cholesteryl ester concentrations typical of EFA‐deficient rats.
Diffication of high affinity fatty acid receptors in rat myocardial sarcolemmal membranes
Authors: Fujii Satoshi , Kawaguchi Hideaki , Yasuda Hisakazu 
Published: January 2007

AbstractHigh affinity receptors for fatty acid were purified from rat cardiac sarcolemmal membrane using gel filtration, DEAE‐cellulose chromatography and affinity chromatography. The purified protein was homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with the molecular weight of 60 kDa. Binding studies revealed the presence of a single class of high affinity binding sites with an apparent dissociation constant of 1.0 μM and a maximal binding capacity of 12.1 pmol/μg protein.
Extraction of lipids from yeast
Authors: Sobus M. T. , Holmlund C. E. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractSeveral methods for the extraction of lipids from intact yeast cells have been compared. Extraction of intact cells with methanol followed by methanol:benzene (1∶1, v/v) and benzene resulted in the recovery of equal or greater amounts of polar and nonpolar lipids than obtained by other methods. A preparative method involving preincubation of cells with aqueous KOH followed by the treatment of the cellular residue as described above yielded slightly more steryl esters than was extracted from broken cell preparations.
Reaction products of α‐tocopherol with methyl linoleate‐peroxyl radicals
Authors: Yamauchi Ryo , Matsui Tomoatsu , Kato Koji , Ueno Yoshimitsu 
Published: January 2007

Abstractα‐Tocopherol was reacted with methyl linoleateperoxyl radicals at 37°C. The peroxyl radicals were generated by the reaction of methyl linoleate with a free radical initiator, 2,2′‐azobis(2,4‐dimethylvaleronitrile). The primary products of α‐tocopherol with methyl linoleate‐peroxyl radicals were isolated by reversephase and normal‐phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and their structures were characterized by ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR),1H and13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS). There were four stereoisomers of methyl 13‐(8a‐peroxy‐α‐tocopherone)‐9(Z),11(E)‐octadecadienoate and four stereoisomers of methyl9‐(8a‐peroxy‐α‐tocopherone)‐10(E),12(Z)‐octadecadienoate.
Quantitative determination of 1,2‐diacylglycerol in thoracic aorta of the rat using latroscan TLC/FID: Effect of norepinephrine
Authors: Okumura Kenji , Yamada Yumiko , Kondo Junichiro , Kobayashi Norio , Hashimoto Hidekazu , Ito Takayuki 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThis study was undertaken to evaluate the use of the Iatroscan TLC/FID system for quantitating 1,2‐diacylglycerol (DG) in the aorta. Cholesteryl acetate was chosen as an internal standard. In order to avoid interference of triglyceride and phospholipids with the separation of the internal standard and 1,2‐DG, a stepwise elution of lipids from the silicic acid column was used. The development of Chromarods was done using two solvent systems and a three‐step developing technique. Assay and recovery of both 1,2‐DG and cholesterol (as compared to cholesteryl acetate) were sufficient to measure changes in the 1,2‐DG content in blood vessels. After exposing the thoracic aorta to 10−5 M norepinephrine for 10 min, the 1,2‐DG content increased nearly two‐fold without significant change in cholesterol content.
Feeding pure docosahexaenoate or arachidonate decreases plasma triacylglycerol secretion in rats
Authors: Williams M. A. , Tinoco J. , Yang Y. ‐T. , Bird M. I. , Hincenbergs I. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractEssential fatty acid (EFA)‐deficient rats were fed highly purified methyl esters of docosahexaenoate (22∶6n−3), arachidonate (20∶4n−6), alpha‐linolenate (18∶3n−3) or oleate (18∶1n−9) (100 mg/day, tube fed for 3–10 days), and their plasma triacylglycerol (TG) secretion rates were measured. Secretion rates of TG into plasma were reduced by tube‐feeding 22∶6n−3, 20∶4n−6, 18∶3n−3, but not 18∶1n−9, to EFA‐deficient rats. A significant reduction occurred after feeding 22∶6n−3 for only three days. Feeding 22∶6n−3 or 18∶3n−3 to EFA‐deficient rats for three days also reduced the activities of liver lipogenic enzymes and sharply increased the proportions of 22∶6n−3 and 20∶5n−3 in liver phospholipid fractions. Mechanisms by which these EFA may reduce lipogenesis are discussed.
Rhizomucor miehei triglyceride lipase is processed and secreted from transformedAspergillus oryzae
Authors: Huge‐Jensen Birgitte , Andreasen Frank , Christensen Tove , Christensen Mogens , Thim Lars , Boel Esper 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe cDNA encoding the precursor of theRhizomucor miehei triglyceride lipase was inserted in anAspergillus oryzae expression vector. In this vector the expression of the lipase cDNA is under control of theAspergillus oryzae α‐amylase gene promoter and theAspergillus niger glucoamylase gene terminator. The recombinant plasmid was introduced intoAspergillus oryzae, and transformed colonies were selected and screened for lipase expression. Lipase‐positive transformants were grown in a small fermentor, and recombinant triglyceride lipase was purified from the culture broth. The purified enzymatically active recombinant lipase (rRML) secreted fromA. oryzae was shown to have the same characteristics with respect to mobility on reducing SDS‐gels and amino acid composition as the native enzyme. N‐terminal amino acid sequencing indicated that approximately 70% of the secreted rRML had the same N‐terminal sequence as the nativeRhizomucor miehei enzyme, whereas 30% of the secreted rRML was one amino acid residue shorter in the N‐terminal. The recombinant lipase precursor, which has a 70 amino acid propeptide, is thus processed in and secreted fromAspergillus oryzae. We have hereby demonstrated the utility of this organism as a host for the production of recombinant triglyceride lipases.
State affective instability in borderline personality disorder assessed by ambulatory monitoring
Authors: EBNER-PRIEMER ULRICH W. , KUO JANICE , KLEINDIENST NIKOLAUS , WELCH STACY S. , REISCH THOMAS , REINHARD IRIS , LIEB KLAUS , LINEHAN MARSHA M. , BOHUS MARTIN 
Published: January 2007

Background. Although affective instability is an essential criterion for borderline personality disorder (BPD), it has rarely been reported as an outcome criterion. To date, most of the studies assessing state affective instability in BPD using paper-pencil diaries did not find indications of this characteristic, whereas in others studies, the findings were conflicting. Furthermore, the pattern of instability that characterizes BPD has not yet been identified.Method. We assessed the affective states of 50 female patients with BPD and 50 female healthy controls (HC) during 24 hours of their everyday life using electronic diaries.Results. In contrast to previous paper-and-pencil diary studies, heightened affective instability for both emotional valence and distress was clearly exhibited in the BPD group but not in the HC group. Inconsistencies in previous papers can be explained by the methods used to calculate instability (see Appendix). In additional, we were able to identify a group-specific pattern of instability in the BPD group characterized by sudden large decreases from positive mood states. Furthermore, 48% of the declines from a very positive mood state in BPD were so large that they reached a negative mood state. This was the case in only 9% of the HC group, suggesting that BPD patients, on average, take less time to fluctuate from a very positive mood state to a negative mood state.Conclusion. Future ambulatory monitoring studies will be useful in clarifying which events lead to the reported, sudden decrease in positive mood in BPD patients.
Inconsistent effects of all-
trans
retinoic acid on different clones of chemically transformed rat liver epithelial cells
Authors: Tsao Ming-Sound , Blaisdell Joyce , Chou Barbara B. , Earp H.Shelton , Grisham Joe W. 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
The effects of all- trans retinoic acid (RA) on the growth and biochemical properties of five clonal strains of neoplastically transformed rat liver epithelial cells were studied. These cell strains were derived clonally from a single line of normal diploid rat liver epithelial cells that had been transformed by treatment with N -methyl- N′ -nitro- N -nitrosoguanidine. The results show that RA induces inconsistent alterations in selected phenotypic properties of these five different cell strains. Retinoic acid either depressed, enhanced or produced no effect on the colony-forming ability in soft agar, on the activity of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, on the amount of cell-associated fibronectin, and on the binding capacity of 125 I-epidermal growth factor (EGF). The only consistent correlation observed among cell strains was between the cellular ability to grow in soft agar and the amount of cell-associated fibronectin. Enhancement of anchorage-independent growth by retinoic acid was not mediated through changes in the number of EGF receptors. Our data demonstrate that the responses to retinoic acid of clonal subpopulations of chemically transformed rat liver epithelial cells are inconsistent, even when the clonal subpopulations are derived from a common precursor.
Persistent effect of a low dose of preadministered diethylnitrosamine on the induction of enzyme-altered foci in rat liver
Authors: Takahashi Seiichi , Tsutsumi Masahiro , Nakae Dai , Denda Ayumi , Kinugasa Tetsuo , Konishi Yoichi 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
The effect of a low dose of preadministered diethylnitrosamine (DEN) on the induction of enzyme-altered foci in the livers of male full-grown Fischer 344 rats was studied. As a pretreatment, DEN at a dose of 10 mg/kg body wt was injected i.p. At various times after DEN pretreatment a complete initiation, consisting of administration of the same dose of DEN by the same route in rats subjected to partial hepatectomy (PH), was performed, followed by application of selection pressure. Enzyme-altered foci stained with γ-glutamyltrans-peptidase (γ-GTP) and glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P) were then assayed. Decreases in the numbers and areas of foci in the rats which received saline + PH 14 or 28 days after DEN pretreatment were observed in comparison with rats which received saline + PH immediately after DEN. On the other hand, the numbers and areas of foci were not decreased in rats which received the complete initiation, consisting of DEN + PH, at various times after DEN pretreatment when compared with rats which received these at the same time as the DEN pretreatment. This persistent effect of DEN pretreatment on the complete initiation lasted up to 182 days after the time of DEN pretreatment. In this experiment, GST-P was found to be a more sensitive marker for the detection of putative preneoplastic liver-cell foci than γ-GTP.
Metaphase and anaphase analysis of V79 cells exposed to erionite, UICC chrysotile and UICC crocidolite
Authors: Palekar Lalita D. , Eyre John F. , Most Bernard M. , Coffin David 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
The cytogenetic effects of erionite treatment of V79 cells were compared with those of UICC crocidolite and UICC chrysotile treatment. A significant reduction in diploid cells with an accompanying increase in aneuploid and polyploid cells was observed with all three treatments. In the erionite-treated cultures, an increase in aneuploid was observedy at all dose levels ranging from 10 to 100 μg/ml, whereas in the crocidolite- and chrysotile-treated cultures, significant increases in aneuploidy were observed at all dose levels except the low dose, 10 μg/ml. Chromatid aberrations were observed in cultures treated with crocidolite and chrysotile and were especially pronounced at dose 100 μg/ml of chrysotile. The clastogenic effect of erionite was weaker but statistically significant at dose 100 μg/ml. An extrapolation of these cytogenetic changes over dose in number of fibers suggests that erionite was more reactive than the other two minerals in producing aneuploidy. The number of fibers required to produce a similar degree of cytogenetic effects was several orders of magnitude higher for chrysotile and crocidolite than erionite. These results correlate with the higher tumorigenic potency of erionite. In general, fewer cells treated with erionite entered anaphase than those treated with the other two minerals. As a result, abnormal anaphases representing chromosomal mis-segregation were observed only in the chrysotile- and crocidolite-treated cultures. To our knowledge, this is the first report on cytogenetic effects of erionite.