bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis and evaluation of wild and cultivated Radix Fici Simplicissimae using an UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometry-based metabolomics approach
Authors: Guo Kai-Xin , Li Yan-Fang , Tang Hui , Wei Hao-Yang , Zeng Wei , Yang Xiao-Cui , Luo Yan , Ke Xue-Hong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRadix Fici Simplicissimae (RFS) is widely studied, and is in demand for its value in medicines and food products, with increased scientific focus on its cultivation and breeding. We used ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry-based metabolomics to elucidate the similarities and differences in phytochemical compositions of wild Radix Fici Simplicissimae (WRFS) and cultivated Radix Fici Simplicissimae (CRFS). Untargeted metabolomic analysis was performed with multivariate statistical analysis and heat maps to identify the differences. Eighty one compounds were identified from WRFS and CRFS samples. Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis indicated that mass spectrometry could effectively distinguish WRFS from CRFS. Among these, 17 potential biomarkers with high metabolic contents could distinguish between the two varieties, including seven phenylpropanoids, three flavonoids, one flavonol, one alkaloid, one glycoside, and four organic acids. Notably, psoralen, apigenin, and bergapten, essential metabolites that play a substantial pharmacological role in RFS, are upregulated in WRFS. WRFS and CRFS are rich in phytochemicals and are similar in terms of the compounds they contain. These findings highlight the effects of different growth environments and drug varieties on secondary metabolite compositions and provide support for targeted breeding for improved CRFS varieties.
Comparative lipidome study of maternal plasma, milk, and lamb plasma in sheep
Authors: Thangaraj Soundara Viveka , Ghnenis Adel , Pallas Brooke , Vyas Arpita Kalla , Gregg Brigid , Padmanabhan Vasantha 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLipids play a critical role in neonate development and breastmilk is the newborn’s major source of lipids. Milk lipids directly influence the neonate plasma lipid profile. The milk lipidome is dynamic, influenced by maternal factors and related to the maternal plasma lipidome. The close inter-relationship between the maternal plasma, milk and neonate plasma lipidomes is critical to understanding maternal-child health and nutrition. In this exploratory study, lipidomes of blood and breast milk from Suffolk sheep and matched lamb blood (n = 13), were profiled on day 34 post birth by untargeted mass spectrometry. Comparative multivariate analysis of the three matrices identified distinct differences in lipids and class of lipids amongst them. Paired analysis identified 346 differential lipids (DL) and 31 correlated lipids (CL) in maternal plasma and milk, 340 DL and 32 CL in lamb plasma and milk and 295 DL and 16 CL in maternal plasma and lamb plasma. Conversion of phosphatidic acid to phosphatidyl inositol was the most active pathway in lamb plasma compared to maternal plasma. This exploratory study illustrates the partitioning of lipids across maternal plasma, milk and lamb plasma and the dynamic relationship between them, reiterating the need to study these three matrices as one biological system.
Influence of magma intrusion on coal geochemical characteristics: a case study of Tiefa Daxing coal mine
Authors: Fu Xiang , Liu Xuan , Wu Qixuan , Xiao Bin , Fan Chaojun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMagma intrusion has an important influence on the physical and mechanical properties of coal and rock. In the area of magma intrusion, disasters such as gas outburst are prone to occur. Revealing its invasion law will be conducive to disaster management and energy development. For this purpose, changes in industrial analysis components of coal, mineral composition, major oxides, trace elements, and rare earth elements of coal under the thermal metamorphism of magma intrusion were analyzed. It is found that the moisture and volatile matter contents of the thermally affected coals in the mining face are generally lower than that of normal coals, while moisture and volatile matter contents are reduced towards to the magma intrusion contact. For example, the moisture and volatile matter of coal sample M01 decreased by 64.6% and 38.6% respectively compared with coal sample M05. During magma intrusion, some minerals remain on the surface of the coal body, resulting in changes in the mineral composition of the coal body. The decrease in carbon atom net spacing, the increase in crystallite aggregation and ductility, and aromaticity in thermally affected coals have a positive impact on the improvement of coal metamorphism. Due to the influences of magmatic intrusion, the variation rules of major oxides in coal are different, and the closer to the magmatic intrusion zone, the easier the major oxides are to be depleted. However, magma intrusion will not lead to the loss of all major oxides in thermally affected coals, such as content of CaO is 54.8%, which is higher than that of coal not affected by magmatic hydrothermal fluid. Most of the trace elements in the thermally affected coals of the No. 9 coal seam are depleted. The contents of rare earth elements are low on the whole coalbasis, with an average of 29.48 μg/g, and the distribution pattern towards to magmatic intrusion shows a wide and gentle “V” curve with left high and right low, showing the characteristics of enrichment of light rare earth elements.
Enhanced antibacterial properties of polyvinyl alcohol/starch/chitosan films with NiO–CuO nanoparticles for food packaging
Authors: Momtaz Fatemeh , Momtaz Elham , Mehrgardi Masoud A. , Momtaz Mahdieh , Narimani Tahmineh , Poursina Farkhondeh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPackaging is very important to maintain the quality of food and prevent the growth of microbes. Therefore, the use of food packaging with antimicrobial properties protects the food from the growth of microorganisms. In this study, antibacterial nanocomposite films of polyvinyl alcohol/starch/chitosan (PVA/ST/CS) together with nickel oxide-copper oxide nanoparticles (NiO–CuONPs) are prepared for food packaging. NiO–CuONPs were synthesized by the co-precipitation method, and structural characterization of nanoparticles (NPs) was carried out by XRD, FTIR, and SEM techniques. Composites of PVA/ST/CS, containing different percentages of NPs, were prepared by casting and characterized by FTIR and FESEM. The mechanical properties, diffusion barrier, and thermal stability were determined. The nanoparticles have a round structure with an average size of 6.7 ± 1.2 nm. The cross-section of PVA/ST/CS film is dense, uniform, and without cracks. In the mechanical tests, the addition of NPs up to 1% improved the mechanical properties (TS = 31.94 MPa), while 2% of NPs lowered TS to 14.76 MPa. The fibroblast cells toxicity and the films antibacterial activity were also examined. The films displayed stronger antibacterial effects against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) compared to Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). Furthermore, these films have no toxicity to fibroblast cells and the survival rate of these cells in contact with the films is more than 84%. Therefore, this film is recommended for food packaging due to its excellent mechanical and barrier properties, good antibacterial activity, and non-toxicity.
A semi-automatic method for extracting mitochondrial cristae characteristics from 3D focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy data
Authors: Wang Chenhao , Østergaard Leif , Hasselholt Stine , Sporring Jon 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMitochondria are the main suppliers of energy for cells and their bioenergetic function is regulated by mitochondrial dynamics: the constant changes in mitochondria size, shape, and cristae morphology to secure cell homeostasis. Although changes in mitochondrial function are implicated in a wide range of diseases, our understanding is challenged by a lack of reliable ways to extract spatial features from the cristae, the detailed visualization of which requires electron microscopy (EM). Here, we present a semi-automatic method for the segmentation, 3D reconstruction, and shape analysis of mitochondria, cristae, and intracristal spaces based on 2D EM images of the murine hippocampus. We show that our method provides a more accurate characterization of mitochondrial ultrastructure in 3D than common 2D approaches and propose an operational index of mitochondria’s internal organization. With an improved consistency of 3D shape analysis and a decrease in the workload needed for large-scale analysis, we speculate that this tool will help increase our understanding of mitochondrial dynamics in health and disease.
Robust steganographic framework for securing sensitive healthcare data of telemedicine using convolutional neural network
Authors: Ch Rupa , Yadlapalli Venkayya , Sk Suhana Sulthana , Reddy G. Thippa , Kautish Sandeep 
Published: March 2024

AbstractData is the key element that runs the modern society. Large amounts of data are being released day by day as a result of many activities. The digital data is transferred through the Internet which may be vulnerable to attacks while transmitting. Especially, the medical data is observed to be of at most importance. Thus, the security of the data should be preserved while communicating through the Internet. Many techniques have been evolved for securing the data, such as Encryption which makes the data not understandable by others and techniques such as Steganography, which hides the data inside other file or document. Traditional methods of Steganography‐like LSB substitution are subjected to risks of manipulation of carrier image and poor embedding capabilities. In light of this, the authors introduce a Convolutional Neural Network‐based image steganography method that operates on DICOM images which conceals the sensitive medical data in the carrier file, thereby increasing the privacy of the sensitive data. The data considered here is brain MRI scan images. The Prep Net, Hiding Net and Reveal Net networks, each with distinct number of convolution layers are used to build the model. The sensitive data is firstly segmented to detect the Region of Interest (ROI) and then the combination of sensitive data and the carrier image are fed to the Prep Net to manipulate sensitive images in such a form that it can easily fit inside the carrier image. The Hiding Net takes the result of Prep Net and embeds the sensitive image inside the carrier image to form a stego image. The Reveal Net takes the result of Hiding Net image and then extracts the sensitive image with minimal loss. The dataset contains medical images of DICOM format taken from open source platform Kaggle that contains 3500 images of 2 classes. The results obtained show that the proposed model achieves 20 percent better output compared to traditional LSB methods. As a result, the potential for hiding the data will be expanded, as well as its security.
Joint image restoration for object detection in snowy weather
Authors: Wang Jing , Xu Meimei , Xue Huazhu , Huo Zhanqiang , Luo Fen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough existing object detectors achieve encouraging performance of object detection and localisation under real ideal conditions, the detection performance in adverse weather conditions (snowy) is very poor and not enough to cope with the detection task in adverse weather conditions. Existing methods do not deal well with the effect of snow on the identity of object features or usually ignore or even discard potential information that can help improve the detection performance. To this end, the authors propose a novel and improved end‐to‐end object detection network joint image restoration. Specifically, in order to address the problem of identity degradation of object detection due to snow, an ingenious restoration‐detection dual branch network structure combined with a Multi‐Integrated Attention module is proposed, which can well mitigate the effect of snow on the identity of object features, thus improving the detection performance of the detector. In order to make more effective use of the features that are beneficial to the detection task, a Self‐Adaptive Feature Fusion module is introduced, which can help the network better learn the potential features that are beneficial to the detection and eliminate the effect of heavy or large local snow in the object area on detection by a special feature fusion, thus improving the network's detection capability in snowy. In addition, the authors construct a large‐scale, multi‐size snowy dataset called Synthetic and Real Snowy Dataset (SRSD), and it is a good and necessary complement and improvement to the existing snowy‐related tasks. Extensive experiments on a public snowy dataset (Snowy‐weather Datasets) and SRSD indicate that our method outperforms the existing state‐of‐the‐art object detectors.
A machine learning‐based approach for wait‐time estimation in healthcare facilities with multi‐stage queues
Authors: Al‐Mousa Amjed , Al‐Zubaidi Hamza , Al‐Dweik Mohammad 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDigital technologies have been contributing to providing quality health care to patients. One aspect of this is providing accurate wait times for patients waiting to be serviced at healthcare facilities. This is naturally a complex problem as there is a multitude of factors that can impact the wait time. However, the problem becomes even more complex if the patient's journey requires visiting multiple stations in the hospital; such as having vital signs taken, doing an ultrasound, and seeing a specialist. The authors aim to provide an accurate method for estimating the wait time by utilising a real dataset of transactions collected from a major hospital over a year. The work employs feature engineering and compares several machine learning‐based algorithms to predict patients' waiting times for single‐stage and multi‐stage services. The Random Forest algorithm achieved the lowest root mean squared error (RMSE) value of 6.69 min among all machine learning algorithms. The results were also compared against a formula‐based system used in the industry, and the proposed model outperformed the existing model, showing improvements of 25.1% in RMSE and 18.9% in MAE metrics. These findings indicate a significant improvement in the accuracy of predicting waiting times compared to existing techniques.
Early high-resolution millimeter-wave maps from ToITEC
Authors: Golec J. ,   The ToITEC Collaboration
Published: March 2024

TolTEC is a polarization-sensitive camera at millimeter wavelengths with unprecedented sensitivity and 5-10 arcsecond resolution in three photometric bands. TolTEC achieved first light on the 50-meter Large Millimeter Telescope in July 2022, just prior to a planned summer telescope maintenance shutdown, and began commissioning observations when the telescope resumed observations in December 2022. The commissioning program consisted of observations of targeted nebulae, molecular clouds, polarized quasars, galaxies, and clusters of galaxies. The goals of these observations include demonstrating the science capabilities of the camera and characterizing the performance and instrumental properties, including noise, beams, and polarization sensitivity in its three bands centered at 1.1, 1.4, and 2.0 mm |with angular resolutions of 5, 6, and 10 arcseconds, respectively.
We present early results from the commissioning observations of the Crab Nebula. Upcoming observations will include selected proposals from the broader astronomy community in Mexico and the United States, as well as legacy surveys focused on mapping galactic molecular clouds, cold dust emission in local galaxies, polarized dust emission in filaments around star-forming regions, massive galaxy clusters, and distant obscured star-forming galaxies.
Multiple foreign body granulomas after mastectomy with intraoperative application of tissue adhesive vs. surgical drainage – sonographic finding
Authors: Alwafai Zaher , Lenz Franziska , Kohlmann Thomas , Flieger Carolin , Reichert Verena , Rutkowski Julia , Zygmunt Marek , Ohlinger Ralf 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose The use of tissue adhesive instead of a drain following mastectomy was a point of interest for many breast surgeons. Postoperative formation of multiple unusual sonographic lesions was observed in patients that underwent mastectomy with TissuGlu. The aim of this study was to describe the sonographic features of these lesions and, when possible, to examine them histologically.
Materials and Methods This study includes 98 patients, 49 underwent mastectomy with the application of TissuGlu and 49 with drain insertion. Unusual postoperative sonographic findings were thoroughly described. A histological examination was carried out according to the guideline recommendations.
Results Unusual sonographic findings were detected in 87.8% of patients in the TissuGlu group and in only 4% of the patients in the drain group. These lesions were detectable between 6 and 59 months postoperatively. 47 breasts of the TissuGlu group were classified as category 3, while only 2 breasts as category 4. Lesions were on average 7.5 mm in diameter, echogenic or isoechoic with posterior shadowing, an irregular and ill circumscribed marginal contour, and a horizontal axis. All histologically examined lesions (n=29) were benign. Granulomatous tissue was histologically proven in 63% of those lesions (n=17), while residual adhesive material could be detected in 18.5% of lesions (n=5).
Conclusion The use of TissuGlu adhesive after mastectomy may cause the formation of unusual palpable granulomas, with or without residual adhesive materials. Sonographic description of lesions will help physicians to differentiate between granulomas and local relapse.
Climate in the Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the First Half
19th Century: The Case of Frederic Chopin
Authors: Berezutskyi Volodymyr , Berezutska Maryna 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background The famous Polish composer Frederic Chopin (1810–1849) suffered
almost all his short life from pulmonary tuberculosis. Physical treatment and
climate therapy are the only aspect of Chopin’s disease history that has not yet
been thoroughly studied. The etiology of tuberculosis in Chopin’s time was not
yet known, so physical means and changes in climate in the first half of the
19th century were the most important part of the physicians’
therapeutic arsenal in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Objectives are
to study the use of physical methods and climate therapy in the treatment of
Frederic Chopin.
Methods Scopus, WoS, MedLine, and PubMed data-bases, electronic archives
were searched without time restriction for information on the use of physical
methods and climate therapy in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in the
first half of the 19th century in Europe. The analysis was also made
of Chopin’s letters and the work of his most respected biographers in order to
identify information about physical therapy in his treatment.
Results Chopin’s disease had been actively progressing since 1835.
According to the proper 19th-century tuberculosis treatment plan
which was set out in the treatises of prominent European physicians, Chopin was
treated with physical means: blister plasters, cupping, creosote inhalations,
sulfur baths, opium and belladonna plasters. Changing the climate in winter
(southern France or Italy) was also a standard recommendation. In October 1838,
Chopin, who was still recovering from another seasonal exacerbation of pulmonary
tuberculosis, took a trip to Mallorca, where he spent the winter.
Conclusions Chopin had the advanced stage of consumption, which was already
regarded at that time as a contraindication to climate change. The destination
was also unsuitable for patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: winter climate of
Majorca, characterized by high humidity and strong winds, negatively affected
Chopin’s health. The disease was manifested by fever, hemoptysis, shortness of
breath and exhaustion, which indicated tuberculosis intoxication and destruction
of lung tissue. Chopin’s trip to Majorca 1838/1839 will forever go down in the
history of climate therapy as an example of the negative consequences of
ignoring contraindications to climate change.
Perceptions and Understanding of Transgender Patient Care: A Survey of Practicing Facial Plastic Surgeons
Authors: Swonke Megan L. , Brissett Anthony E. , Khan Najm S. , Kain Joshua J. , Bressler Fred J. , Malik Amina I. , Syed Tariq A. , Sturm Angela K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTransgender individuals face significant health disparities including deficiencies in physician education, knowledge, and comfort with care. The objective of this study was to determine the perceptions, practice patterns, and familiarity of facial plastic surgeons with transgender health care. An anonymous questionnaire was sent to facial plastic surgeons within the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery list-serve. Primary datapoints included participant characteristics, transgender-related experience, and educational goals. Of the 66 facial plastic surgeons surveyed, 49% had treated 1 to 10 transgender patients during their career, and 70% were actively treating at least 1 transgender patient. The number of patients treated and surgeries performed was significantly associated with self-perceived competence, comfort counseling on gender-affirming surgeries, discussing gender identity, asking preferred pronouns, and a desire to learn more about transgender care. Most participants (61%) obtained transgender care training through real-world experience, with only 18% receiving formal training in residency or fellowship. In total, 50% of respondents believe transgender care training among facial plastic surgeons is inadequate and 60% support its incorporation into residency/fellowship curricula. Increased awareness is needed to address the disparities experienced by transgender patients. Many facial plastic surgeons desire to learn more and support incorporating transgender care into training. Understanding the current state of transgender care can assist the facial plastic community in promoting education that strengthens physicians' ability to deliver competent care that addresses the inequities faced by this diverse group.
Synthesis of 4,5-Disubstituted Methyl 1H-Pyrrole-2-carboxylates from 3-Chloroacrylaldehydes and Hippuric Acid
Authors: Fisyuk Alexander S. , Samsonenko Anna L. , Kostyuchenko Anastasia S. , Zheleznova Tatyana Yu. , Shuvalov Vladislav Yu. , Uliankin Evgenii B. , Shatsauskas Anton L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Vilsmeier–Haack reaction of ketones with DMF and POCl3­ produced 3-chloroacrylcarbaldehydes, which were converted into the corresponding (Z)-4-[(Z)- or (Z)-4-[(E)-3-chloroallylidene)-2-phenyloxazol-5(4H)-ones] (azlactones) or their isomeric mixtures when heated with hippuric acid in propionic anhydride. It was shown that the alcoholysis products of these compounds, resulting from the opening of the oxazolone ring, undergo copper-catalyzed intramolecular cross-coupling reactions with the formation of methyl 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylates. Thus, a one-pot method was developed for the synthesis of methyl 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylates starting from 4-(3-chloroallylidene)-2-phenyloxazol-5(4H)-ones.
Denitrative Sulfonylation of Nitroarenes with Sodium Sulfinates
Authors: Da Luz Jonathan , Čierna Michaela , Cooper Bradley D. , Harris Thomas D. , Lim Ethan R. X. , Carney Jonathan R. , James Michael J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA one-step method to convert nitroarenes into aryl sulfones under operationally simple, transition-metal-free conditions is described. A range of nitroarenes were reacted with sodium sulfinates and caesium carbonate in N,N′-dimethylpropyleneurea to afford aryl sulfones in up to 83% yield.