bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Substructural fuzzy logics
Authors: Metcalfe George , Montagna Franco 
Published: December 2007

AbstractSubstructural fuzzy logics are substructural logics that are complete with respect to algebras whose lattice reduct is the real unit interval [0, 1]. In this paper, we introduce Uninorm logicULas Multiplicative additive intuitionistic linear logicMAILLextended with the prelinearity axiom((A → B) ∧ t) V ((B → A)∧ t). Axiomatic extensions ofULinclude known fuzzy logics such as Monoidalt-norm logicMIXand Gödel logicG, and new weakening-free logics. Algebraic semantics for these logics are provided by subvarieties of (representable) pointed bounded commutative residuated lattices. Gentzen systems admitting cut-elimination are given in the framework of hypersequents. Completeness with respect to algebras with lattice reduct [0, 1] is established forULand several extensions using a two-part strategy. First, completeness is proved for the logic extended with Takeuti and Titani's density rule. A syntactic elimination of the rule is then given using a hypersequent calculus. As an algebraic corollary, it follows that certain varieties of residuated lattices are generated by their members with lattice reduct [0, 1].
Approximate counting in bounded arithmetic
Authors: Jeřábek Emil 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe develop approximate counting of sets definable by Boolean circuits in bounded arithmetic using the dual weak pigeonhole principle (dWPHP(PV)), as a generalization of results from [15]. We discuss applications to formalization of randomized complexity classes (such as BPP, APP, MA, AM) in PV1 + dWPHP(PV).
A note on Σ1-maximal models
Authors: Cordón-Franco A. , Fernández-Margarit A. , Lara-Martín F.F. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractLetTbe a recursive theory in the language of first order Arithmetic. We prove that ifTextends: (a) the scheme of parameter free Δ1-minimization (plusexp). or (b) the scheme of parameter free Π1-induction, then there are no Σ1-maximal models with respect toT. As a consequence, we obtain a new proof of an unpublished theorem of Jeff Paris stating that Σ1-maximal models with respect toIΔ0+expdo not satisfy the scheme of Σ1-collectionBΣ1.
Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms, Dysfunctional Attitudes and Social Aspects in Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Kovács Zoltán , Kovács Ferenc 
Published: December 2007

Objective: Biopsychosocial models for both organic and functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders have been described in the recent literature. The objective of this study was to give further data to this model by assessing stressful life events, social support, psychopathological symptoms, and dysfunctional attitudes in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and healthy subjects. Method: Age- and gender-matched IBS and IBD patients presenting at a tertiary care gastroenterological center completed self-reported questionnaires on stressful life events, social support, depressive and anxiety symptoms and dysfunctional attitudes. For comparative purposes, data from an age- and gender-matched healthy control group were obtained. Results: No significant differences were found between the groups regarding stressful life events and social support. Both patient groups had higher depressive and anxiety symptoms compared to healthy subjects, and IBS patients had higher depressive scores compared to IBD patients. IBS patients had more dysfunctional attitudes compared to both IBD and healthy subjects, while IBD and healthy subjects did not differ on dysfunctional attitudes. Conclusions: GI patient status is associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms, in addition IBS patients have more severe depressive symptoms and depressogenic dysfunctional attitudes. The fact that functional GI patients are characterized by more severe psychological, but not social parameters, supports the hypothesis that IBS might be related to the range of depressive disorders.
Submerged objects - a nice place to live and develop. Succession of fouling communities in the Gulf of Gdańsk, Southern Baltic
Authors: Dziubińska Anna , Janas Urszula 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
The process of ecological succession in marine fouling communities was investigated at two study sites in the Gulf of Gdańsk, Gdynia and Gdańsk. Settlement panels were used as substrata for sessile organisms, and the study lasted 150 days between May and October 2005. Communities were dominated by two species, Balanus improvisus and Mytilus trossulus. The process of succession differed at these two study sites, particularly in the final part of the experiment. Four stages of succession were distinguished at both study sites; at Gdańsk: (1) Biofilm - phase, (2) Green algae - phase, (3) Balanus - phase, (4) Ectocarpaceae - phase; at Gdynia: (1) Biofilm - phase, (2) Balanus - phase, (3) Green algae - phase, (4) Mytilus - phase.
Qualitative and quantitative changes of diatoms with relation to physiochemical water parameters in the littoral zone of the urban Lake Jeziorak Mały
Authors: Zębek Elżbieta 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Phytoplankton in the littoral zone of the urban Lake Jeziorak Mały (Mazurian Lakeland) were studied between April and October of 2002 and 2003. Five diatom species (Fragilaria delicatissima, Aulacoseira granulata, Fragilaria capucina, Diatoma vulgaris, Fragilaria crotonensis) and one genus (Rhizosolenia sp.), comprising the major proportion of total abundance and biomass of diatoms, were chosen for the study. The relationships between the biomass of these diatoms and water temperature, oxygen content, electrolytic conductivity, orthophosphates, silicon and calcium concentrations were analyzed. The biomass of species F. delicatissima, A. granulata and F. capucina tended to be the highest of the six, which were also associated with the widest temperature range, 10.0°C to 18.7°C. These three species exhibited maximum biomass at the highest orthophosphate concentrations. By contrast, F. crotonensis developed in the narrowest water temperature range, 10.0°C to 13.7°C. The maximum biomass of this species was noted at high silicon and calcium concentrations. The diatoms (except F. capucina and Rhizosolenia sp.) contributed to statistically significant observed reductions in nutrient concentrations during their growth. These results indicate that a range of factors is involved in the productivity and limitation of the studied diatoms, with water temperature being of particular importance.
The Microtox® biological test: Application in toxicity evaluation of surface waters and sediments in Poland
Authors: Niemirycz Elżbieta , Nichthauser Joanna , Staniszewska Marta , Nałęcz-Jawecki Grzegorz , Bolałek Jerzy 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Research into the suitability of Microtox® for the evaluation of toxicity of surface waters and bottom sediments in Poland was conducted. Water bodies of various pollution levels were tested, including the Odra River and its tributaries, the Lower Vistula River, the Kashubian Lake District and the Gulf of Gdańsk, using a Microtox® Model 500 analyser (Microbics Corporation, USA). The majority of tested surface water samples were found to be apparently non-toxic. However, 75% of the bottom sediment samples were found to be highly toxic (EC50>2%). These results indicate that the Microtox® test is suitable for evaluating the toxicity of bottom sediments, in which pollutants tend to accumulate. It seems, however, that Microtox® lacks the sensitivity to be of use in analyzing water quality. The relationship between the toxicity of analysed sediments and their organic content was examined.
Automatic detection of avalanches and debris flows by seismic methods
Authors: Bessason Bjarni , Eiríksson Gísli , Thorarinsson Óðinn , Thórarinsson Andrés , Einarsson Sigurður 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe road along the Óshlíð hillside in the West Fjords region of Iceland is one of the most hazardous roads in Iceland due to avalanches, rockfalls and debris flows. The road has little traffic, but nevertheless traffic accidents caused by the severe conditions at the site are common. A number of avalanche tracks are found on the hillside. In some of these tracks, avalanches occur more frequently than in others. When there is an avalanche threat, avalanches generally flow over many tracks in a short time. Monitoring vibrations in the tracks with the highest avalanche frequency can indicate when avalanches start flowing down the hillside in a snowstorm, and avalanche hazard can then be declared with the specific site indicated. The same methodology can be used for rockfalls and debris flows, which are strongly affected by weather conditions and typically occur in clusters. Based on this knowledge, a research project was initiated in February 1996 with the objective of developing an automatic system based on seismic measurements to detect and analyze avalanches on the Óshlíð hillside and to instantly send a warning to a control station.
Preliminary results from measurements of selected trace metals in the snow–firn pack on Ürümqi glacier No. 1, eastern Tien Shan, China
Authors: Zhongqin Li , Chuanjin Li , Yuefang Li , Feiteng Wang , Huilin Li 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe present preliminary results on the occurrence of Pb, Cd, Zn, Al and Fe in dated samples collected from snow–firn packs at an altitude of 4130 m on Ürűmqi glacier No. 1, eastern Tien Shan. Extreme precautions for avoiding contamination were taken throughout the sampling, processing, transportation and analysis procedures. The concentrations of trace metals were determined by a double-focusing inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer in an ultra-clean room. The average concentrations for these metals in surface snow are (in ng g–1): Pb, 2.4; Cd, 0.05; Zn, 10.0; Al, 100.0; and Fe, 130.0. These are higher concentrations (especially for Pb and Zn) than those in the polar and/or low-latitude remote areas. The data show that the input of trace metals to the snow has a clear seasonal change. Lower concentrations in surface snow can be found in July through September and higher concentrations from October to March, with an exception for January. The mean concentrations of the elements in the snow–firn pack also indicate seasonal variations and show a marked inverse relationship with temperature, possibly a result of meltwater percolation in the snow–firn pack.
Surface topography and ice flow in the vicinity of the EDML deep-drilling site, Antarctica
Authors: Wesche Christine , Eisen Olaf , Oerter Hans , Schulte Daniel , Steinhage Daniel 
Published: December 2007

AbstractInterpretation of ice-core records requires accurate knowledge of the past and present surface topography and stress–strain fields. The European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA) drilling site (75.0025° S, 0.0684° E; 2891.7 m) in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, is located in the immediate vicinity of a transient and forking ice divide. A digital elevation model is determined from the combination of kinematic GPS measurements with the GLAS12 datasets from the ICESat. Based on a network of stakes, surveyed with static GPS, the velocity field around the drilling site is calculated. The annual mean velocity magnitude of 12 survey points amounts to 0.74 m a–1. Flow directions mainly vary according to their distance from the ice divide. Surface strain rates are determined from a pentagonshaped stake network with one center point close to the drilling site. The strain field is characterized by along-flow compression, lateral dilatation and vertical layer thinning.
Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of new triorganotin(IV) complexes with the bis(1‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐2‐ylthio)acetate ligand: effects on trout erythrocyte components
Authors: Alidori Simone , Cocchioni Filippo , Falcioni Giancarlo , Fedeli Donatella , Gioia Lobbia Gaia Emanuela , Mancini Marilena , Pellei Maura , Santini Carlo 
Published: December 2007

AbstractTriorganotin(IV) derivatives containing the anionic ligand bis(1‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐2‐ylthio)acetate [(S‐tim)2CHCO2]− were synthesized from the reaction between R3SnCl acceptors (R = Me and Ph) and the sodium salt of the ligand. Mono‐nuclear complexes of the type [(S‐tim)2CHCO2]SnR3 were obtained, which were fully characterized by elemental analyses and FT‐IR in the solid state, and by NMR (1H, 13C and 119Sn) spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass in solution. The toxic effects shown by these compounds on trout erythrocyte components showed that the toxicity of the organotin(IV) complexes depends on the nature and on the lipophilicity of the substituents on the metal centre. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Type 4 OFF cone bipolar cells of the mouse retina express calsenilin and contact cones as well as rods
Authors: Haverkamp Silke , Specht Dana , Majumdar Sriparna , Zaidi Nikhat F. , Brandstätter Johann Helmut , Wasco Wilma , Wässle Heinz , tom Dieck Susanne 
Published: December 2007

AbstractImmunocytochemical discrimination of distinct bipolar cell types in the mouse retina is a prerequisite for analyzing retinal circuitry in wild‐type and transgenic mice. Here we demonstrate that among the more than 10 anatomically defined mouse bipolar cell types, type 4 bipolar cells are specifically recognized by anti‐calsenilin antibodies. Axon terminals in the inner plexiform layer are not readily identifiable because calsenilin is also expressed in a subset of amacrine and ganglion cells. In contrast, in the outer plexiform layer calsenilin immunoreactivity allows the analysis of photoreceptor to type 4 bipolar cell contacts. A dense plexus of calsenilin‐positive dendrites makes several basal contacts at cone pedicles. An individual calsenilin‐positive bipolar cell contacts five to seven cones. In addition, some calsenilin‐positive dendrites contact rod photoreceptors. On average we counted 10 rod spherule contacts per type 4 bipolar cell, and approximately 10% of rods contacted type 4 bipolar cells. We suggest that type 4 bipolar cells, together with the recently described type 3a and b cells, provide an alternative and direct route from rods to OFF cone bipolar cells. In the Bassoon ΔEx4/5 mouse, a mouse mutant that shows extensive remodeling of the rod system including sprouting of horizontal and rod bipolar cells into the outer nuclear layer due to impaired synaptic transmission, we found that in addition mixed‐input (type 3 and 4) OFF bipolar cells sprout to ectopic sites. In contrast, true cone‐selective type 1 and 2 OFF cone bipolar cells did not show sprouting in the Bassoon mouse mutant. J. Comp. Neurol. 507: 1087–1101, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Proinsulin C‐peptide abrogates type‐1 diabetes‐induced increase of renal endothelial nitric oxide synthase in rats
Authors: Kamikawa Akihiro , Ishii Tatsuya , Shimada Kohei , Makondo Kennedy , Inanami Osamu , Sakane Naoki , Yoshida Toshihide , Saito Masayuki , Kimura Kazuhiro 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundProinsulin C‐peptide shows ameliorative effects on diabetic complications, possibly through the production of nitric oxide (NO). On the contrary, increased local availability of NO and expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in the renal endothelium are shown to be involved in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of C‐peptide and insulin as a reference on the eNOS expression in the early phase of type 1 diabetic rat kidney.MethodsType 1 diabetes in rats was produced by streptozotocin injection and some of the rats were treated with either C‐peptide or insulin by the aid of an osmotic pump for 1 week. Conventional biochemical and histological analyses were performed on tissue samples.ResultsThe diabetic rats showed hyperglycemia with over 90% reduction of endogenous insulin and C‐peptide. Replacement with C‐peptide or insulin resulted in recovery of weight lost, but only insulin infusion lowered plasma‐glucose concentration. The eNOS protein was localized in glomeruli and endothelial cells of arterioles, and its amounts in the kidneys, but not in the lungs, of diabetic rats was increased. Replacement with C‐peptide or insulin‐abrogated diabetes‐induced increase of renal eNOS protein.ConclusionThe results indicate that C‐peptide suppresses diabetes‐induced abnormal renal eNOS expression, by which C‐peptide may exert beneficial effects on diabetic nephropathy. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electronic Tongue Using an Enzyme Inhibition Biosensor Array for the Resolution of Pesticide Mixtures
Authors: Cortina Montserrat , del Valle Manuel , Marty Jean‐Louis 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAn electronic tongue has been developed, employing an array of inhibition biosensors and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). The array of biosensors was formed by three amperometric pesticide biosensors that used different acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes: the wild type from electric eel (EE) and two different genetically modified enzymes (B1 and B394). In order to model the response to dichlorvos and carbofuran mixtures, a total amount of 22 solutions were prepared, with random concentrations. Chronoamperometric responses of the biosensor array were used in order to obtain the inhibition bioelectronic tongue. Mean values of concentration of pesticides evaluated were 0.79 nM for dichlorvos and 4.1 nM for carbofuran. Good prediction ability was obtained with correlation coefficients better than 0.918 when the obtained values were compared with those expected for a set of 6 external test samples not used for training.
Intersection of nuclear receptors and the proteasome on the epigenetic landscape
Authors: Kinyamu H. Karimi , Jefferson Wendy N. , Archer Trevor K. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractNuclear receptors (NRs) represent a class of transcription factors that associate with both positive and negative chromatin modifying complexes to activate or repress gene transcription. The 26S proteasome plays a major role in NR‐regulated gene transcription by tightly regulating the levels of the receptor and coregulator complexes. Recent evidence suggests a robust nonproteolytic role for specific proteasome subunits in gene transcription mediated via alterations in specific histone modifications. The involvement of nuclear receptors and the proteasome with chromatin modifying complexes or proteins, particularly those that modify DNA and histone proteins, provides an opportunity to review two critical epigenetic mechanisms that control gene expression and heritable biological processes. Both nuclear receptors and the proteasome are targets of environmental factors including some which lead to epigenetic changes that can influence human diseases such as cancer. In this review, we will explore molecular mechanisms by which NR‐mediated gene expression, under the control of the proteasome, can result in altered epigenetic landscapes. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2008. Published 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Seismic self‐centering steel beam‐to‐column moment connections using bolted friction devices
Authors: Tsai Keh‐Chyuan , Chou Chung‐Che , Lin Chi‐Lon , Chen Pei‐Ching , Jhang Sheng‐Jhih 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThis paper first presents the force–deformation relationship of a post‐tensioned (PT) steel beam‐to‐column connection constructed with bolted web friction devices (FDs). This paper then describes the test program conducted in the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering, Taiwan, on four bolted FDs and four full‐scale PT beam‐to‐column moment connection subassemblies using the FDs. Tests confirm that (1) the hysteretic behavior of four bolted FDs is very stable, (2) the friction coefficient between the steel plate and the brass shim is about 0.34, (3) the proposed force–deformation relationships reasonably predict the experimental responses of the PT connections under cyclically increasing deformations up to a beam peak rotation of 0.05 rad, and (4) the decompression moments do not degrade as beam cyclic deformations increase. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Geological and archaeological chronology of a late Holocene coastal enclosure: The Sanguinet lake (SW France)
Authors: Tastet Jean‐Pierre , Lalanne René , Maurin Bernard , Dubos Bernard 
Published: December 2007

AbstractSanguinet lake is separated from the Atlantic Ocean by a wide Holocene coastal dunes system in SW France. The present day lake level is 21 m above mean sea level (msl). It formed when aeolian sand closed the mouth of the small La Gourgue river which gradually became a lagoon and then a lake. Dated sub‐lacustrine archaeological remains (human settlements, canoes, and wooden architectural structures), as well as paleoenvironmental evidence (drowned tree stumps and lagoonal deposits exposed on the beach) are used to interpret the formation and chronology of lake level rise during the past 4000 years.Around 2000–1650 B.C., the river flowed into a lagoon or an estuary which connected with the ocean west of the present Sanguinet Lake. Its level was affected by the tide, which ranged between 2 m below and 3 m above msl. The accumulation of aeolian sand before 1500–1000 B.C. began to close the connection with the sea. At this time, the elevation of the surface of the lake water was approximately 5 m above msl, but it still remained connected to the ocean. Around 1000 B.C., the lake level rose quickly by 1 to 2 m during a period of renewed mobility of the coastal aeolian sand, and continued to rise slowly until about 100 A.D. when there was a gradual closure of the lake outlet. This rise forced people who were living on the lake shore and along the rivers to move to higher land along the valley. The nearby Gallo‐Roman site of Losa was settled at the end of the 1st century B.C.; then the final blocking of the outlet occurred because of spit growth as a result of north‐south littoral drift accompanied by the deposit of aeolian sand. This led to the lake level rising rapidly. Consequently, Losa was abandoned in the 3rd century A.D. and ruins of its temple (at 17 m above msl) were submerged in the 6th century. Further oscillations of the lake level probably correspond to water table fluctuations before it became stable at around 1000 A.D.The highest lake level (23.35 m) was reached during the 18th century as a consequence of modern dune formation, and thus was artificially reduced to 21 m in 1840 by construction of an overflow channel. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Production of oxalates In Vitro by Microbes Isolated from Rock Surfaces with prehistoric paints in the Lower Pecos Region, Texas
Authors: Hess Darren , Coker Dana Jo , Loutsch Jeannette M. , Russ Jon 
Published: December 2007

AbstractCalcium oxalate‐rich rock coatings are ubiquitous on limestone inside dry rock shelters and under bluff overhangs along canyon walls in southwestern Texas. Prehistoric pictographs occur in more than 250 such sites, and the ancient paints are encapsulated within the natural rock coating. Previous studies suggest lichens were the source of the oxalate; however, we report here that microbes cultured and isolated from samples of the coating produce oxalate in vitro. Twenty different bacteria species have been identified in samples from eight different sites, with Bacillus the most common genus, represented by five species. HPLC analyses of inoculated R2B medium after eight months of bacterial growth revealed the presence of oxalate ions in the solid phase of the growth medium. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.