bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supplementation of a high-fat diet with pentadecylresorcinol increases the representation of Akkermansia muciniphila in the mouse small and large intestines and may protect against complications caused by imbalanced nutrition
Authors: Zabolotneva Anastasia A. , Vasiliev Ilya Yu. , Grigoryeva Tatyana V. , Gaponov Andrei M. , Chekhonin Vladimir P. , Roumiantsev Sergei A. , Shestopalov Aleksandr V. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Imbalanced nutrition such as a high-fat/high-carbohydrate diet, is associated with negative effects on human health. The composition and metabolic activity of the human gut microbiota are closely related to the type of diet and have been shown to significantly change in response to changes in food content and food supplement administration. Alkylresorcinols (ARs) are lipophilic molecules that have been found to improve lipid metabolism and glycemic control and decrease systemic inflammation. Furthermore, alkylresorcinol intake is associated with changes in intestinal microbiota metabolic activity. However, the exact mechanism through which alkylresorcinols modulate microbiota activity and host metabolism has not been determined. In this study, alterations in the small intestinal microbiota (SIM) and the large intestinal microbiota (LIM) in mice fed a high-fat diet with or without pentadecylresorcinol (C15) supplementation were investigated. High-throughput sequencing was applied for jejunal and colonic microbiota analysis. The results revealed that supplementation of C15 in combination with a high-fat diet could decrease blood glucose levels. High-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that C15 intake significantly increased (p < 0.0001) the abundance of the probiotic bacteria Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium pseudolongum both in the small and large intestines and increased the alpha diversity of LIM (p < 0.05), but not SIM. The preliminary results suggested that one of the mechanisms of the protective effects of alkylresorcinol on a high-fat diet is the modulation of the content of SIM and LIM and metabolic activity to increase the probiotic bacteria that alleviate unhealthy metabolic changes in the host.
Initiation Time of Trophic Feeding and Associated Factors Among Preterm Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Authors: Tachbele Erdaw , Hassen Mehuba , Admasu Mekonen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background Trophic feeding is the introduction of a minimal volume of enteral nutrition, up to 24 ml/kg/day for the first several days of life. The purpose of this study was to determine the initiation time of trophic feeding and associated factors among preterm neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa. Patients and Methods: Institution-based prospective follow-up study was conducted among 153 preterm neonates admitted to NICU in selected hospitals from Feb-20 to April 20, 2023. Data were collected using the KoboCollect app and entered in STATA version 14 for cleaning and analysis. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox proportional hazards models were used for analysis. Result A total of 153 neonates were followed for 6853 person-hours of risk time and 130 (85%) of neonates were initiated trophic feeding. The incidence rate of initiating trophic feeding was 1.9 per 100 person-hours observations with a median time of 41 hours (95% CI: 31–45). Gestational age < 34 weeks (AHR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.37–0.79), APGAR score at first minute < 7 (AHR:0.4, 95% CI: 0.25–0.65), APGAR score at fifth minute < 7 (AHR:0.51, 95% CI: 0.34–0.79), being small for gestational age (AHR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.33–0.88), cesarean section delivery (AHR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.31–0.71), being delivered out of the studied hospitals (AHR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.30–0.83), having respiratory distress syndrome (AHR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.43–0.94) and having hemodynamic instability (AHR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.31–0.68) were statistically significant associated factors for the delay of initiation of trophic feeding. Conclusion In this study, a significant delay in the initiation time of trophic feeding and several predictors were identified. Therefore, health institutions should work on these predictors to shorten the initiation time and reduce complications associated with the delay.
Cross-architecture Tuning of Silicon and SiGe-based Quantum Devices Using Machine Learning
Authors: Severin B. , Lennon D. T. , Camenzind L. C. , Vigneau F. , Fedele F. , Jirovec D. , Ballabio A. , Chrastina D. , Isella G. , Kruijf M. , Carballido M. J. , Svab S. , Kuhlmann A. V. , Braakman F. R. , Geyer S. , Froning F. N. M. , Moon H. , Osborne M. A. , Sejdinovic D. , Katsaros G. , Zumbühl D. M. , Briggs G. A. D. , Ares N. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The potential of Si and SiGe-based devices for the scaling of quantum circuits is tainted by device variability. Each device needs to be tuned to operation conditions and each device realisation requires a different tuning protocol. We demonstrate that it is possible to automate the tuning of a 4-gate Si FinFET, a 5-gate GeSi nanowire and a 7-gate Ge/SiGe heterostructure double quantum dot device from scratch with the same algorithm. We achieve tuning times of 30, 10, and 92 minutes, respectively. The algorithm also provides insight into the parameter space landscape for each of these devices, allowing for the characterization of the regions where double quantum dot regimes are found. These results show that overarching solutions for the tuning of quantum devices are enabled by machine learning.
Myasthenia Gravis: Utilising cross-platform quantitative content analysis to uncover and validate unmet needs
Authors: Legg David , Meisel Andreas , Stein Maike , Gerischer Lea , Herdick Meret , Krueger Daniela , Mergenthaler Philipp , Massaneck Lars , Lehnerer Sophie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims: Recent years have seen a rapid growth in the number of online health communities targeted at patients with long-term conditions. Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is a rare neurological disease for which such communities have not been analysed before. The aim of this study was to better understand the needs of the MG population through the collation and categorisation of questions that users of MG social media were asking fellow users on these platforms. Methodology: Systematic observation of four MG Facebook groups was conducted over a two-month period. Groups were selected for analysis based on the following systematic criteria: Language (English), Membership (≥ 5000 members), group activity (≥ 2 posts per week), target audience (general MG population: no specified sub-group e.g. country or gender based) and researcher engagement with group administrators. The study protocol was reviewed by the institutional review board of the Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (EA2/106/22). During the observation period, data was extracted from individual posts featuring questions made across each group using a systematic and objective coding scheme. All data points were coded directly from the source and collated into an SPSS database (IBM SPSS V.27, SPSS). Absolute and relative frequencies were calculated for categorical variables and proportions were compared across groups to validate the credibility and relevance of different requests. Results: Of the 2062 posts observed (N = 2062), 1392 featured questions (n = 1392). Questions were asked by 787 unique users: 531 were identified as one-time users (67%) and 256 were identified as repeat users (33%). 656 users were classified as diagnosed (83%), 61 as seeking diagnosis (8%), 69 as family and/or friends (9%) and 1 as other (< 0%). Eight unique categories of questions were observed including MG treatment (31%), Symptoms (19%), Living with MG (12%), Diagnosis (10%), non-MG medication (11%), Tests (8%), Location (4%) and Other (4%). Conclusions: Members of the MG population make active use of online health communities to seek and discuss practical information concerning various aspects of the disease, its diagnosis and care. The openness and willingness of the sample population to share sensitive medical information shows a high need for information not entirely catered to by the medical profession.
Social network textual data classification through a hybrid word embedding approach and Bayesian conditional-based multiple classifiers
Authors: Ghorbanali Alireza 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Sentiment analysis (SA) of text holds a pivotal role in today's digital age, particularly within the realm of social media networks. The analysis of textual sentiments emerges as a critical facet of NLP. In social media, individuals extensively engage with a multitude of texts and opinions. SA empowers us to delve into and discover these opinions, sentiments, and viewpoints, thereby extracting valuable insights on a wide array of subjects. The significance of word embeddings for processing textual data lies in their ability to represent words as dense vectors, enabling machines to capture semantic relationships and contextual nuances, thereby enhancing various natural language processing tasks. There are two popular and famous models, BERT and GloVe, for embedding words. Currently, GloVe is considered one of the most precise approaches. However, this method does not take into account the sentiment information present in texts. Consequently, we opted to utilize pre-trained BERT models, which have been trained on extensive text corpora, in combination with the GloVe model to address this limitation. This study leverages a hybrid word embedding model combining BERT and GloVe. Several classifiers are employed to analyze text sentiment. At the decision level, we employ Bayesian Conditional to integrate current results with prior decisions. When combining previous decisions with new ones, the model achieves higher accuracy by refining or adjusting decisions in light of new evidence. Our approach demonstrates notable results, showcasing its practical significance. The results of the experiments on IMDB, Sentiment140, and Twitter US Airline datasets demonstrate that the proposed approach has achieved favorable results, with accuracies of 0.958, 0.925, and 0.946 respectively. These results are considered acceptable when compared to those of other similar studies.
Integrating planetary health into the continuing professional development and training in family medicine: protocol for a scoping literature review
Authors: Bates Oisín Brady , Freeman Natasha , Arslan Simal , Abdi Zahra , Oyekan Adedoyin , Gorgu Genco , Campedelli Lorenzo , Gokdemir Ozden , Stanistreet Debbi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Family doctors are already required to address the profound physical and mental health impacts of climate change. Some European countries such as the UK are beginning to incorporate Planetary Health into the medical and postgraduate family doctor curriculum to equip future GPs with the skills to manage these impacts. However, qualified GPs who have completed their training may not have received any formal teaching on Planetary Health and will have missed this important aspect of general practice. We explore the current integration of Planetary Health for European Family Doctors training curriculum.
Methods
This study is a scoping review based on Arksey and O'Malley's methodology, and Levac et al's methodological enhancement. The approach for this review will be adopted from the systematic protocol published by Moloo et al. 2022.
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) will be used to guide the reporting of the scoping review.
Discussion
This scoping review will examine the current integration of planetary health into postgraduate family medicine training and continued professional development, globally. Outcomes will be categorised within the domains of the Planetary Health Education Framework, which incorporates concepts of systems thinking, social justice and interconnection within nature as they apply to education for planetary health. To our knowledge, no other review has been published which addresses this research question. This review will be the first step to formally identify the current landscape of planetary health education for family medicine trainees, and will be used to inform a stakeholder consensus process in the ongoing development of a live “Planetary Health in General Practice” information catalogue and online dashboard. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations.
Trial registration
This protocol has been registered in Open Science Framework: 10.17605/OSF.IO/DX5PG
Ethics and dissemination
As no intervention or patient recruitment will be required, research ethics board approval is not applicable. We plan to disseminate our results via publication in a peer-reviewed journal or conference presentation.
Development of a Nomogram for Fetal Evans Index
Authors: Sakcak Bedri , Tanacan Atakan , Denizli Ramazan , Farisogullari Nihat , Özkavak Osman Onur , Aktaş Sadık Orhun , Uzuner Petek , Demirci Harun , Kara Ozgur , Şahin Dilek 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to investigate the fetal Evans Index and establish a nomogram for fetuses without any additional fetal anomalies detected during the prenatal period.
Methods
We conducted our research at Ankara City Hospital, including 894 patients who were admitted and evaluated between gestational weeks 16–40. These patients had no fetal anomalies detected in subsequent gestational weeks. Descriptive data, such as age, gravidity, parity, and body mass index (BMI), were recorded. Gestational week and Evans Index (mean, median, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, percentile) were also documented. The Evans index was calculated as the ratio between the maximal width of the frontal horns and the maximal width of the inner diameter of the cranium.
Results
We evaluated 894 fetuses in pregnant women had no fetal anomalies detected throughout the pregnancy. The evaluation took place at different gestational weeks, and a nomogram for the Evans Index was created.
Conclusion
It is relevant for clinicians and researchers to be aware of the range of fetal Evans Index values across different gestational weeks as a prognostic criterion.
Supply Chain Disruptions: Firm-level evidence from the 2011 Tohoku earthquake
Authors: zimmer lucas 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

In this article, we employed firm-level data from France and a difference-in-differences approach to examine how input shortages propagate through global value chains, using the Tohoku earthquake as a natural experiment. Our findings reveal an 8% relative decrease in imports for French firms sourcing inputs from Japan, with more substantial declines for those highly reliant on Japanese suppliers. This is coupled with a 12.8% relative increase in imports from China for these exposed firms. Additionally, we discover that this transition is primarily driven by the top 5% of large firms and is prominently observed within the automotive sector. Regarding the transmission of input shortages through the global supply chain, we find that this shock only affects the exports of firms with the lowest levels of inventory, exhibiting variations across sectors and a time-dependent pattern. Surprisingly, these affected firms have not adjusted their inventory strategies from just-in-time practices to safety stocks.
Classification JEL F1, F6.
InterviewEase : AI-powered interview assistance
Authors: Kothari Param , Mehta Paras , Patil Srushti , Hole Prof. Varsha 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
InterviewEase addresses the need for automating the placement preparation process with a comprehensive AI-driven placement preparation platform, comprising three modules: (1) a ChatGPT-based skill gap analyzer recommending skill-enhancing projects based on the skill gap between resume and job requirements; (2) a mock interview platform utilizing gesture detection, speech emotion recognition, and answer similarity algorithms for comprehensive feedback on posture, speech, and answers; (3) a customizable question generator with adjustable difficulty levels. The mock interview module attains the following accuracy levels: 98\% for body gesture detection, 82\% for speech emotion recognition, and 92\% for answer similarity comparison.
Application of nonlinear energy sink in suppressing wheel shimmy for advanced vehicle chassis design under independent wheel subsystems
Authors: Lu Hangyu , Habib Giuseppe , Wu Xiaodong , Ren Yuankai , Yan Liang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Novel structures in vehicle control-by-wire chassis have re-emphasized the problem of wheel shimmy. Proper suppression of shimmy in the independent wheel subsystems would significantly improve the performance of the steer-by-wire control. In this paper, a wheel shimmy suppression method using a nonlinear energy sink is proposed. Compared with traditional methods of increasing steering damping, NES seldom interferes with the designed steering dynamics of the vehicle due to its particularly small mass and volume, thus reserving availability for in-service or after-designed vehicles. By installing NES in the wheel frame, a single towed wheel model with NES is constructed. Although NES has almost no effect on the linear stability characteristics, an excellent effect on suppressing vibration amplitudes is explored where over 90% oscillation amplitude of shimmy is mitigated by NES within a wide range of reasonable parameters. Global optimization for optimal NES set-up in unstable speed ranges is further proposed to handle the speed-dependent nature of shimmy, and the result highlights its effectiveness and parameter robustness. Integration of the single-wheel model into the full vehicle with independent steering structures summarizes that NES could be a favorable way to both suppress the existing shimmy phenomenon and control the coupled lateral oscillations of the vehicle body.
Gap analysis of strategies for promoting interprofessional teams in healthcare units
Authors: Salehi Reza , Asl Iravan Masoudi , Gorji Hasan Abolghasem , Gharaee Hojatolah 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction The effectiveness of a healthcare unit is largely dependent on how well its interprofessional teams work together. Unfortunately, there are often shortcomings in the strategies used to improve these teams. To address this issue, a study was conducted to analyze the performance gap in the area of strategies for promoting work teams in healthcare units. Method In this study, a mixed-method approach was utilized to systematically review qualitative and quantitative studies focused on identifying strategies for enhancing interprofessional teams in healthcare units. The researcher employed an Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) to evaluate the effectiveness of strategies aimed at improving interprofessional teams in four specialized clinical training centers located in Hamadan province, Iran. Fining This research conducted a systematic review to identify the necessary dimensions and components to enhance interprofessional teamwork in health systems. A gap analysis was then carried out to evaluate strategies for promoting interprofessional teams in medical centers. Based on the systematic review, the solutions for promoting interprofessional teams were categorized into seven categories, including contextual, strategic, communication, organizational, individual, Human Resources Management (HRM), and environmental aspects. These categories consist of a total of 36 components. The gap analysis results indicate that the HRM aspect shows the largest performance gap (1.243), followed by the organizational aspect (0.588), the individual aspect (0.499), and finally, the contextual aspect (0.496). The HRM aspect has been identified as an area of weakness despite its high importance and its performance is significantly below the ideal level. On the other hand, the environmental aspect is relatively less important and falls under the category of resource wastage. Some critical components such as incentives/rewards/attention to workforce needs, roles and responsibilities, financial resources to support work, facilitate team-initiated innovation and the culture of respect fall under the weak area. Conclusion Implementing teamwork in healthcare can be challenging due to the complexity of structures and the involvement of various specialist employees. However, with the right strategies and tools, these barriers can be overcome, leading to an improvement in the quality of healthcare and ensuring the health of the community. The IPA tool allowed for the identification of weak points, wasted resources, and acceptable areas to improve interprofessional teamwork in medical centers.
BCL6B-dependent Suppression of ETV2 Hampers Endothelial Cell Differentiation
Authors: Li Zhonghao , Wu Wei , Li Qiushi , Heng Xin , Zhang Wei , Zhu Yinghong , Chen Lin , Chen Ziqi , Shen Mengcheng , Ma Ning , Xiao Qingzhong , Yan Yi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
B-cell CLL/lymphoma 6 member B (BCL6B) operates as a sequence-specific transcriptional repressor within the nucleus, playing crucial roles in various biological functions, including tumor suppression, immune response, stem cell self-renew, and vascular angiogenesis. However, whether BCL6B is involved in endothelial cell (EC) development has remained largely unknown. ETS variant transcription factor 2 (ETV2) is well known to facilitate EC differentiation. This study aims to determine the important role of BCL6B in EC differentiation and its potential mechanisms.
Methods
Doxycycline-inducible human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines with BCL6B overexpression or BCL6B knockdown was established and subjected to differentiate into ECs and vessel organoids (VOs). Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of pluripotency and vascular-specific marker genes expression. EC differentiation efficiency was determined by Flow cytometry analysis. The performance of EC was evaluated by in vitro Tube formation assay. The protein expression and the vessel-like structures were assessed using immunofluorescence analysis or western blot. Finally, the transcriptional activity of ETV2 was identified by luciferase reporter gene assay.
Results
Generation of ECs and VOs from hiPSCs. Notably, overexpression of BCL6B suppressed while knockdown of BCL6B improved EC differentiation from hiPSCs. Additionally, the overexpression of BCL6B attenuated the capacity of derived hiPSC-ECs to form a tubular structure. Furthermore, compared to the control VOs, BCL6B overexpression repressed the growth of VOs, whereas BCL6B knockdown had little effect on the size of VOs. Subsequent experiments confirmed the inhibitory effect of BCL6B is facilitated by the binding of BCL6B to the promoter region of ETV2, led to the suppression of ETV2's transcriptional activity.
Conclusions
BCL6B inhibits EC differentiation and hinders VO development by repressing the transcriptional activity of ETV2.