bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood Pressure Pattern among Young Adults Using Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in South-South Nigeria
Authors: Nwafor Chibuike Eze , Clement Crown 
Published: April 2024

Background: Hypertension (HTN) is a significant public health concern worldwide, including Nigeria, with its prevalence steadily rising. Although HTN has historically been associated with older adults, studies have revealed an increasing frequency of the condition in younger adults. This presents unique challenges and implications for long-term health outcomes. In Nigeria, HTN in young individuals is a problem that receives little attention because it is still mistakenly thought of as an illness that only affects the elderly. To dispel this myth, this study aims to identify hypertensive young persons and to investigate the levels and patterns of hypertension in young adults utilizing ABPM in southern Nigeria.
Method: A retrospective study was conducted among young adults aged 18-39 in Southern Nigeria. Participants underwent ABPM to assess their BP levels and patterns over 24 hours. Demographic data, lifestyle factors, and medical history were also collected. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis were employed to analyze the data.
Results: This study consisted of 111 participants, 53.2% males and 46.8% females, with a mean age of 32.9 years. Tobacco consumption was reported by 10% of respondents, while 43.2% reported alcohol consumption. Significant differences in blood pressure parameters between genders were observed during the wake period, with males showing higher average systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures. During sleep, males exhibited higher average systolic and mean arterial pressures, but lower average heart rate compared to females. Good BP control was observed in 48.65% of participants, with the majority exhibiting a non-dipping pattern (48.65%) followed by good dipping (36.04%). Masked hypertension, white coat hypertension, and anxiety-related BP were observed in 1%, 1.80%, and 4.50% of cases, respectively.
Conclusion: The study revealed a majority with good blood pressure control, yet a substantial portion exhibited sub-optimal control, emphasizing the continued need for vigilance and interventions in cardiovascular health. Therefore, health practitioners should prioritize raising awareness of hypertension in young adults and promoting early lifestyle changes to mitigate future risks.
Impact of Plant Spacing and Mulch on Growth Parameters of Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.)
Authors: Datta Himadri S , Barua P.C. , Kotoky U. , Das R. , Saikia H. , Nath H.K.D 
Published: April 2024

Plant spacing and mulch material have got tremendous influence on crop growth and yield.Proper crop spacing aids in adequate harvesting of solar radiation and sufficient absorption of nutrients and moisture from the soil due to well developed root system which can be accommodated by making changes in inter and intra row spacing.Although plant spacing has a prominent influence on plant growth and development but has received a sort of slight attention in strawberry cultivation.Mulching controls or increases soil temperature, maintains soil moisture, improves water and nutrient absorption and reduces weed growth.These factors have tremendous influence on crop growth and as Strawberry is a surface feeder, mulching plays a very important role.The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of spacing and mulch on growth of Strawberry. The present experiment was carried out during 2019-20 and 2020-21 in Jorhat, Assam with the objective to assess the influence of spacing and mulch on growth of Strawberry.The experiment was laid out in randomized block Design with 2 factors viz. spacing and mulch with three replications involving twenty treatments comprising of five plant spacings viz., 20 cm x 30 cm (S1), 30 cm x 30 cm (S2), 30 cm x 40 cm (S3), 40 cm x 40 cm (S4), 40 cm x 60 cm (S5) and four different mulch applications viz., paddy straw (M1), red mulch (M2), silver black mulch (M3) and no mulch (M4) and the data of individual years were subjected to pooled analysis.The treatments significantly influenced the various parameters. The experiment's findings showed that mulch material and the plant spacing had a favorable effect on strawberry growth.The pooled data revealed that 40 cm x 60 cm spacing with silver black mulch recorded maximum leaf area, Leaf Relative Water Content and minimum days from first flower opening to fruit setting which may have influence on crop yield.Standardization of spacing and mulch material according to agroclimatic condition will help farmers to cultivate Strawberry on commercial level.
Clathrate‐hydrate formation by water spraying onto a porous metal plate exuding a hydrophobic liquid coolant
Authors: Fujita Shinya , Watanabe Kuniyoshi , Mori Yasuhiko H. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA novel technique for producing a clathrate hydrate from a gaseous guest substance was devised and experimentally tested. This technique employs a horizontally oriented spray nozzle and a vertically oriented porous metal plate placed in opposition to each other in a guest‐gas phase. Water is sprayed onto the plate while a precooled hydrophobic liquid coolant is seeping out of the plate to form a continuous film flowing down the plate surface. The coolant film is expected to sweep the heat released by hydrate formation away from the plate surface and, at the same time, to prevent the hydrate crystals from agglomerating on the surface thereby hindering the successive contact of the water spray with the coolant. A series of experiments has been performed to reveal the behavior of hydrate formation in the above scheme of guest‐gas/water/coolant contact operations. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
First‐line therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia: Past, present, and future
Authors: Pavlovsky Carolina , Kantarjian Hagop , Cortes Jorge E. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe development of Bcr‐Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors has dramatically changed the prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Standard‐dose imatinib (400 mg/day in chronic phase, 600 mg/day in advanced CML) now dominates the management of this disease, producing considerably higher hematologic, cytogenetic, and molecular response rates than seen with previous drug therapies. However, although many patients respond well to standard‐dose imatinib initially, some patients do not achieve adequate levels of response or discontinue therapy because of resistance. One approach to improving treatment response with first‐line imatinib may be to increase the imatinib dose (800 mg/day), although recent trial data indicate that overall increases in response rates may be modest. Newer Bcr‐Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors can induce responses in patients with all phases of imatinib‐resistant CML, even those with imatinib‐resistant mutations in the BCR‐ABL gene. Furthermore, in initial studies, first‐line dasatinib or nilotinib treatment has produced response rates that compare favorably with historical controls treated with imatinib, although confirmation is required from head‐to‐head clinical trials. Future clinical approaches may include drug combinations, which may allow quiescent leukemia stem cells to be eradicated. Further improvements in drug treatment for first‐line CML are expected during the next few years. Am. J. Hematol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Polymorphisms in the GAD2 gene‐region are associated with susceptibility for unipolar depression and with a risk factor for anxiety disorders
Authors: Unschuld Paul G. , Ising Marcus , Specht Michael , Erhardt Angelika , Ripke Stephan , Heck Angela , Kloiber Stefan , Straub Verica , Brueckl Tanja , Müller‐Myhsok Bertram , Holsboer Florian , Binder Elisabeth B. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractGlutamate decarboxylase (GAD) is the rate limiting enzyme for conversion of glutamic acid to gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA). The GAD 65 kDa isoform is encoded by the gene GAD2 and is mainly expressed in synaptic terminals. It serves as an apoenzyme, which shows enhanced availability in situations of stress, responding to short‐term demands for GABA. We analyzed 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the GAD2‐gene region for associations with psychiatric diagnosis and behavioral inhibition (BI) derived from the personality traits neuroticism and extraversion as defined by the Eysenck Personality Questionaire (EPQ). A total of 268 patients with anxiety disorder (AD), 541 with unipolar depression (MD), and 541 healthy controls were included. We observe associations for five tag‐SNPs with BI in the AD‐ and control samples as well as two additional case–control associations in the MD‐sample. The associated SNPs lie within a 16KB linkage disequilibrium‐block, including putative 5′ GAD2‐promoter‐elements as well as the 3′ end of the gene MYO3A. Using open access mRNA‐expression data, we could show that BI‐associated SNPs appear to be associated with differences in MYO3A‐ but not GAD2 lymphoblastoid‐mRNA expression levels. These results support earlier studies that suggest associations of polymorphisms within the GAD2 locus with anxiety and affective disorders. However, data from expression studies imply that these polymorphisms could tag functional effects on the neighboring gene MYO3A, which is also expressed in the brain, including the cingulate cortex and the amygdala. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Niob‐Alkoholat‐Cluster mit oktaedrischem Metallatomgerüst: [K(CH3OH)4]2 [Nb6(OCH3)18] und [Na([18]Krone‐6)(C2H5OH)2]2[Nb6(OC2H5)12(NCS)6]
Authors: Flemming Anke , Köckerling Martin 
Published: February 2009

AbstractKompletter Ligandenaustausch: Clusterverbindungen vom [M6X12]‐Typ mit einem oktaedrischen M6‐Metallatomgerüst, das vollständig von Alkoholatoliganden umgeben ist, waren bisher unbekannt. Hier werden die ersten Vertreter mit [Nb6(OR)12]4+‐Einheit (R=CH3, C2H5) vorgestellt, die aus [Nb6Cl12]2+‐haltigen Vorstufen beim Erhitzen in stark basischen Alkoholatlösungen zugänglich sind. C grau, H weiß, K türkis, Nb blau, O rot.magnified image
A Method for the Positioning and Tracking of Small Moving Particles
Authors: Rees Neil V. , Matthews Sinéad M. , Yunus Kamran , Fisher Adrian C. , Compton Richard G. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn Bewegung: Mithilfe der Elektrochemie wurde die Bewegung einer einzelnen 330 μm großen Kugel räumlich und zeitlich verfolgt (siehe Bild). Die simultane Videoaufzeichnung und chronoamperometrische Messung ergaben eine exzellente Korrelation. Mit der Fähigkeit, Elektrodenanordnungen für eine räumliche Auflösung auf der Submikrometerskala herzustellen, sollte der Einsatz dieser Technik für das Verfolgen deutlich kleinerer Partikel möglich sein.magnified image
Total Synthesis of Indolizidine Alkaloid (−)‐209D: Overriding Substrate Bias in the Asymmetric Rhodium‐Catalyzed [2+2+2] Cycloaddition
Authors: Yu Robert T. , Lee Ernest E. , Malik Guillaume , Rovis Tomislav 
Published: February 2009

AbstractCO auf Wanderschaft: Mit chiralen Biphenyl‐basierten Phosphoramiditliganden an Rhodium lässt sich eine effiziente [2+2+2]‐Cycloaddition zwischen endständigen Alkylalkinen und Alkenylisocyanaten katalysieren (siehe Schema). Die Cycloaddition verläuft unter CO‐Wanderung und ermöglicht eine rasche vierstufige asymmetrische Synthese des Indolizidins (−)‐209D.magnified image
Antagomirzymes: Oligonucleotide Enzymes That Specifically Silence MicroRNA Function
Authors: Jadhav Vaibhav M. , Scaria Vinod , Maiti Souvik 
Published: February 2009

AbstractViele wichtige zelluläre Prozesse werden duch nichtkodierende endogene RNAs gesteuert, die als MikroRNAs (miRNAs) bekannt sind. Die genaue Funktion vieler miRNAs ist aber noch unbekannt, und es besteht eine intensive Suche nach Loss‐of‐Function‐Methoden zur Aufklärung der molekularen Details. Für Antagomirzyme, eine Klasse von Nucleinsäureenzymen, wurde nun gezeigt, dass sie miRNA in vitro und in vivo spezifisch ausschalten können (siehe Schema).magnified image
Wann bilden wechselwirkende Atome eine chemische Bindung? Spektroskopische und theoretische Analyse an Dideuterophenanthren
Authors: Grimme Stefan , Mück‐Lichtenfeld Christian , Erker Gerhard , Kehr Gerald , Wang Huadong , Beckers Helmut , Willner Helge 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDie konventionelle Sichtweise bestätigt: Die hier vorgestellte Schwingungsspektroskopie eines selektiv deuterierten Derivats von Phenanthren belegt eindeutig, dass die C4H⋅⋅⋅HC5‐Wechselwirkung in der „Bucht“ als sterische (Pauli‐)Abstoßung zu interpretieren ist. Diese Befunde und die Ergebnisse einer genauen theoretischen Analyse widersprechen Interpretationen, nach denen diese Wechselwirkung stark stabilisierend ist.magnified image
High‐Resolution Structural Characterization of a Helical α/β‐Peptide Foldamer Bound to the Anti‐Apoptotic Protein Bcl‐xL
Authors: Lee Erinna F. , Sadowsky Jack D. , Smith Brian J. , Czabotar Peter E. , Peterson‐Kaufman Kimberly J. , Colman Peter M. , Gellman Samuel H. , Fairlie W. Douglas 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDas passt! Die erste hochaufgelöste Strukturbestimmung eines Foldamers im Komplex mit seinem Protein‐Target wird beschrieben (siehe Bild; Foldamere in Stabdarstellung). Das Foldamer besteht aus α‐ und β‐Aminosäureresten und ist an das antiapoptotische Protein Bcl‐xL gebunden. Der Komplex ahmt den Bindungsmodus und die wichtigsten Wechselwirkungen von Komplexen natürlicher α‐Peptidliganden mit Bcl‐xL nach. Zusätzliche Kontakte über β‐Aminosäurereste scheinen ebenfalls zur Bindungsaffinität beizutragen.magnified image
Epimerization‐Free Block Synthesis of Peptides from Thioacids and Amines with the Sanger and Mukaiyama Reagents
Authors: Crich David , Sharma Indrajeet 
Published: February 2009

AbstractStark aktivierte Thioester entstehen durch schnelle Reaktion von C‐terminalen Thiosäuren, die von geschützten Aminosäuren and Peptiden abgeleitet sind, mit dem Sanger‐Reagens oder anderen elektronenarmen Arylhalogeniden und bilden mit freien Aminogruppen im Reaktionsgemisch sofort Peptidbindungen. Diese Methode, bei der es praktisch nicht zur Epimerisierung kommt, wurde genutzt, um ein Octapeptid aus zwei Tetrapeptiden aufzubauen (siehe Schema; Boc, Pbf und Trt sind Schutzgruppen).magnified image
Fluoreszenz‐Farbwechsel bei der DNA‐Hybridisierung mit Thiazolorange als artifizieller DNA‐Base
Authors: Berndl Sina , Wagenknecht Hans‐Achim 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEin fluoreszierendes Chamäleon: Einzelne Thiazolorange(TO)‐Farbstoffe, die als künstliche DNA‐Basen verwendet werden, zeigen die typische grüne Emission, wohingegen Interstrang‐TO‐Dimere eine orangefarbene excimerartige Emisson in doppelsträngiger DNA aufweisen (siehe Bild).magnified image
Niobium Alcoholate Clusters with an Octahedral Arrangement of Metal Atoms: [K(CH3OH)4]2 [Nb6(OCH3)18] and [Na([18]crown‐6)(C2H5OH)2]2 [Nb6(OC2H5)12(NCS)6]
Authors: Flemming Anke , Köckerling Martin 
Published: February 2009

AbstractComplete exchange: [M6X12] type cluster compounds with an octahedral M6 metal atom arrangement, which is completely surrounded by alcoholato ligands, were unknown until now. The first representatives are prepared containing a [Nb6(OR)12]4+ unit (R=CH3 or C2H5). They are accessible at elevated temperatures from strongly basic alcoholate solutions of [Nb6Cl12]2+‐containing precursors. C gray, H white, K turquoise, Nb blue, O red.magnified image
Total Synthesis of Indolizidine Alkaloid (−)‐209D: Overriding Substrate Bias in the Asymmetric Rhodium‐Catalyzed [2+2+2] Cycloaddition
Authors: Yu Robert T. , Lee Ernest E. , Malik Guillaume , Rovis Tomislav 
Published: February 2009

AbstractCO! You had me at hello: The use of chiral biphenyl‐based phosphoramidite ligands on rhodium provides an efficient [2+2+2] cycloaddition between terminal alkyl alkynes and alkenyl isocyanates (see scheme). The cycloaddition proceeds through a CO migration pathway, and facilitates a rapid four‐step asymmetric synthesis of indolizidine (−)‐209D.magnified image
Photocatalytic membrane reactors: case studies and perspectives
Authors: Loddo V. , Augugliaro V. , Palmisano L. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPhotocatalysis by polycrystalline semiconductor oxides is being successfully applied to the abatement of organic and inorganic pollutants both in gas and in liquid phase. In order to increase the efficiency of this method, the coupling of this technology with the membrane separation process has been the object of sound investigation. In this combination, the membrane may act in different ways: to confine the photocatalytic powder in the reacting suspension, to selectively separate the photoreaction products, or to be the support of photocatalyst. This article reports recent studies in which different types of membranes (such as distillation, dialysis, nanofiltration, pervaporation and osmosis membranes) are used in hybrid systems. An additional advantage of coupling is that the photocatalyst prevents the microbial fouling offering a strong potential for the use of new types of thin‐film‐composite membrane. Perspectives and future possible application of the synergy between membranes and photocatalytic reactors are also emphasised. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust H2/H∞ control for time‐delay systems with polytopic uncertainty
Authors: Sun Man , Jia Yingmin , Du Junping , Yu Fashan 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this paper, new separated H∞ and H2 performance criteria are derived for a class of time‐delay systems. When used in robust performance analysis and synthesis for real polytopic uncertainty and in multiobjective controller synthesis, they can partially rule out the technical restriction of using a single Lyapunov function, and therefore, lead to potentially less conservative linear matrix inequality (LMI) characterizations. Based on the criteria, robust multiobjective H2/H∞ controller is designed for time‐delay systems with polytopic uncertainty. All the conditions are given in terms of LMIs. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the proposed method. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Network‐based robustH∞control of continuous‐time systems with uncertainty
Authors: Zhu Xun‐Lin , Yang Guang‐Hong 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper studies the problem of robustH∞control for continuous‐time networked control systems (NCSs). A new type of Lyapunov functionals is exploited to derive sufficient conditions for guaranteeing the robust exponential stability andH∞performance of the considered system. It is shown that the new result is less conservative than the existing corresponding ones. Meanwhile, a method of eliminating redundant variables to reduce computational complexity is given, which is also applied to design state feedbackH∞controllers, and the design condition is given in terms of solutions to a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Output feedback variable structure control for a class of uncertain switched systems
Authors: Lian Jie , Zhao Jun 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper considers the output feedback variable structure control problem for a class of uncertain switched systems. A single sliding surface is constructed using only output information. Robust stability of the sliding motion restricted to the sliding surface is achieved and complete invariance to the matched and the mismatched uncertainties is guaranteed via a hysteresis switching law based on a reduced order observer. Output feedback variable structure controllers are given to guarantee that the redefined sliding surface is reached in finite time. A numerical example illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed design method. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Performance improvement of saturated system using loop shaping approach
Authors: Yang Shyi‐Kae , Chen Chieh‐Li 
Published: February 2009

AbstractActuator saturation is an important issue when designing practical control systems. It usually induces the windup phenomenon and even yields system instability. In this paper, a two‐stage controller design method is proposed for systems with actuator limitations using the loop shaping approach. In this approach, a pre‐designed controller is first used to stabilize the control system to achieve the desired performance. A loop‐shaping‐based auxiliary controller is then introduced to reduce the windup effect, which might be caused by actuator limitation or functional damage during the mission. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Simple LMI based learning control design
Authors: Ye Yongqiang , Wang Danwei , Zhang Bin , Wang Yigang 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this note, a simple linear matrix inequality (LMI) design method is proposed for iterative learning control (ILC). The design can ensure a monotonic error decay in 2‐norm. Experimental results on a SCARA robot shows that the design can achieve nearly perfect tracking. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Robust decentralizedH∞control for interconnected descriptor systems with norm‐bounded uncertainties
Authors: Chen Ning , Gui Weihua , Zhai Guisheng 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper considers a robust decentralizedH∞control problem for interconnected descriptor systems. The uncertainties are assumed to be time‐invariant, norm‐bounded, and existing in both the system and control input matrices. Our interest is focused on dynamic output feedback. A sufficient condition for an uncertain interconnected descriptor system to be robustly stabilizableH∞control with a specified disturbance attenuation level is derived in terms of a nonlinear matrix inequality (NMI). A two‐stage homotopy method is employed to solve the NMI iteratively. First, a decentralized controller for the nominal descriptor system is computed by imposing block‐diagonal constraints on the coefficient matrices of the controller gradually. Then, the decentralized controller is gradually modified from the nominal descriptor system (without uncertainties) to the original system with uncertainties. On each stage, groups of variables are fixed alternately at the iterations to reduce the NMI to linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). An example is given to show the usefulness of this method. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Effects of oral epigallocatechin gallate on the oral pharmacokinetics of verapamil in rats
Authors: Chung Joong‐Hwa , Choi Dong‐Hyun , Choi Jun‐Shik 
Published: February 2009

AbstractVerapamil is known to be a P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) substrate and norverapamil is formed via hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP 3A) in the rat. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a flavonoid, was reported to be an inhibitor of both P‐gp and CYP3A. Hence, it could be expected that EGCG could alter the pharmacokinetics of verapamil. In this study, 9 mg/kg verapamil was administered orally to Sprague–Dawley rats 30 min after the oral administration of 2 and 10 mg/kg of oral EGCG. Compared with the controls, theAUCvalues of both verapamil (74.3% and 111% increase for 2 and 10 mg/kg EGCG, respectively) and norverapamil (51.5% and 87.2% increase for 2 and 10 mg/kg EGCG, respectively) were significantly greater in the presence of EGCG. However, compared with the controls, both theAUCand the relative bioavailability of verapamil were significantly (p<0.01) increased by 74.3–111% in the presence of EGCG. The likely explanation is inhibition of P‐gp. Inhibition of CYP3A would increase theAUCof verapamil but decrease theAUCof norverampil. However, inhibition of P‐gp would lead to an increase ofAUCof both verapamil and norverapamil. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.