bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sepsis‐associated encephalopathy: Autophagy and miRNAs regulate microglial activation
Authors: Qin Nannan , Miao Yanmei , Xie Leiyu , Ma Xinglong , Xie Peng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSepsis‐associated encephalopathy (SAE) describes diffuse or multifocal cerebral dysfunction caused by the systemic inflammatory response to sepsis. SAE is a common neurological complication in patients in the middle and late stages of sepsis in the intensive care unit. Microglia, resident macrophages of the central nervous system, phagocytose small numbers of neuronal cells and apoptotic cells, among other cells, to maintain the dynamic balance of the brain's internal environment. The neuroinflammatory response induced by activated microglia plays a central role in the pathogenesis of various central nervous system diseases. In this paper, we systematically describe the functions and phenotypes of microglia, summarize how microglia mediate neuroinflammation and contribute to the occurrence and development of SAE, and discuss recent progress in autophagy‐ and microRNA‐mediated regulation of microglial activation to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of SAE and identify related therapeutic targets.
Multidimensional Barriers to Entry in the Insurance Industry
Authors: Du Sabrina , Ellis Cameron M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce and employ a multi-agent model of entry to analyze barriers to entry in the U.S. property casualty insurance industry. Our estimations are conducted at the market-year level, enabling a detailed exploration of the relative importance of barriers across three dimensions: geography, product, and time. Our findings reveal that entry barriers are both prevalent and significant in the U.S. property casualty insurance industry, with de novo entrants encountering the most challenges from product barriers across all markets. We observe that expanding across product lines is more costly than expanding across states. Particularly, New York and California exhibit the strongest state barriers. Among various product lines, our research identifies that insurance expertise in mortgage guaranty and medical professional liability insurance presents the most substantial barriers to entry. This study contributes valuable insights into the dynamics of entry barriers in the U.S. property casualty insurance industry, highlighting the importance of considering geographic and product-specific knowledge, as well as temporal factors, in the context of market entry. Through analyses across these dimensions, we enhance the understanding of the challenges faced by new entrants and shed light on the specific market conditions shaping entry barriers.
Network modeling of aesthetic effect for Chinese Yue Opera costume simulation images
Authors: Yanna Han , Yicheng Jiang , Xia Zheng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the digital age, virtual simulation images have become an important communication form of Chinese traditional Yue Opera costumes and their culture. Focusing on the lay viewers’ aesthetic experience, we collected 16 subjective evaluations, including favorites of basic design elements, semantic impressions, and high-level aesthetic experience, of 257 participants on 5 virtual simulation pictures of Yue Opera costumes for different characters and used network analysis to explore the possible relationship of the variables. The inferred networks showed that the archetypal aesthetic was more relevant to the costume design elements, emotions, interests, and the sense of high level. The conspicuous clothing, understanding of creative intent, and the desire for cultural knowledge were key “bridges” in the aesthetic process. Although the aesthetic network of each costume varied partially based on character differences, it showed more similarities overall. On the basis of the findings, we discuss the possible theoretical basis of the networks and make practical suggestions for the virtual dissemination of Yue Opera costumes.
Evidentials and dubitatives in Finnish: perspective shift in questions and embedded contexts
Authors: Kaiser Elsi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the reportative evidential kuulemma and the dubitative muka in Finnish (Finno-Ugric). Kuulemma typically indicates that the speaker reports information provided by someone else (hearsay) and is not committed to the truth of the proposition, while muka (roughly: ‘supposedly, allegedly, as if’) typically signals that the speaker doubts the truth of the proposition, leaving open the information source. This paper explores perspective-shifting and whether these forms can be anchored to someone other than the speaker. I use corpus data and native speaker judgments to test what happens in questions, under the speech verb ‘say,’ and in free indirect discourse. In questions, both forms appear to stay anchored to the speaker (no interrogative flip). However, when embedded under ‘say,’ dubitative muka remains speaker-oriented, whereas reportative kuulemma can shift to the subject. In free indirect discourse, both can shift to the character whose point-of-view is expressed. I propose that these differences are partially related to subjectivity: Whereas kuulemma can be described in objective terms, it has been suggested that muka can express more nuanced affect such as surprise and irony. I suggest this subjective nature of muka is related to its speaker-oriented nature, echoing the speaker-orientation default of affective expressions (e.g. predicates of personal taste, epithets, interjections).
The glass transition temperature of isolated native, residual, and technical lignin
Authors: Henrik-Klemens Åke , Caputo Fabio , Ghaffari Roujin , Westman Gunnar , Edlund Ulrica , Olsson Lisbeth , Larsson Anette 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The glass transition temperatures (T
g) of native, residual, and technical lignins are important to lignocellulose pulping, pulp processing and side stream utilization; however, how the structural changes from native to residual and technical lignin influences T
g has proven difficult to elucidate. Since the T
g of macromolecules is greatly influenced by the molecular weight, low-molecular-weight fractions, such as milled wood lignin (MWL), are poor representatives of lignin in the cell wall. To circumvent this problem, lignins of both high yield and purity were isolated from Norway spruce and softwood kraft pulp using the enzymatic mild acidolysis lignin (EMAL) protocol. Technical softwood kraft lignin was also fractionated into groups of different molecular weights, to acquire lignin that spanned over a wide molecular-weight range. A powder sample holder for dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), was used to determine the T
g of lignins, for which calorimetric methods were not sensitive enough. The T
gs of EMAL were found to be closer to their in situ counterparts than MWL.
Channel parameter optimization of one-strand slab induction heating tundish with double channels
Authors: Xing Fei , Zheng Shuguo , Zhu Miaoyong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A generalized three-dimensional mathematical model is built to study the influences of channel parameters (channel angle, channel section diameter, and channel distance) on the molten steel flow, heat transfer, and inclusion removal in the induction heating tundish. The results demonstrate that as the channel angle increases, the flow of molten steel in the discharging chamber gradually slows down. When the channel angle is 6°, the temperature of the discharging chamber is slightly lower than when the channel angles are 2° and 4°. When the channel angle is 2°, the inclusion removal rate is lower than when the channel angles are 4° and 6°, while the latter two have little difference. As the channel section diameter increases, the flow of molten steel in the discharging chamber gradually slows down. When the channel section diameter is 100 mm, the temperature distribution in the discharging chamber is uneven. While the temperature distributions of the discharging chamber are even and similar, when the channel section diameters are 150 and 200 mm. As the channel section diameter increases, the removal rate of inclusion gradually decreases. The variation of channel distance has little effect on the temperature distribution of the discharging chamber. When the channel distance is 600 mm, the removal rate of inclusion is lower than when the channel distances are 1,000 and 1,400 mm. Moreover, for the latter two, the removal rates of inclusions have little difference. For this model, the best channel angle is 4°, the best channel section diameter is 150 mm, and the best channel distance is 1,000 mm.
Character degrees of 5-groups of maximal class
Authors: He Lijuan , Lv Heng , Yang Dongfang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Let 𝐺 be a 5-group of maximal class with major centralizer

G
1

=

C
G

⁢

(

G
2

/

G
4

)

G_{1}=C_{G}({G_{2}}/{G_{4}})

.
In this paper, we prove that the irreducible character degrees of a 5-group 𝐺 of maximal class are almost determined by the irreducible character degrees of the major centralizer

G
1

G_{1}

and show that the set of irreducible character degrees of a 5-group of maximal class is either

{
1
,
5
,

5
3

}

\{1,5,5^{3}\}

or

{
1
,
5
,
…
,

5
k

}

\{1,5,\ldots,5^{k}\}

with

k
≥
1

k\geq 1

.
New data supporting that early diagnosis and treatment are possible and necessary in intracellular cobalamin depletion: the case of transcobalamin II deficiency
Authors: Verónica Bindi , Crespo Carolina , Lochner Noelia , Rossetti Estefanía , Tagliavini Cecilia , Bouso Carolina , Eiroa Hernan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Transcobalamin II (TC) promotes the cellular uptake of cobalamin (Cbl) through receptor-mediated endocytosis of the TC-cbl complex in peripheral tissues. TC deficiency is a rare disorder that causes intracellular Cbl depletion. It presents in early infancy with a failure to thrive, diarrhea, anemia, agammaglobulinemia, and pancytopenia. Data from five TC-deficient patients including clinical, biochemical, and molecular findings, as well as long-term outcomes, were collected.

Case presentation
Mutation analysis revealed one unreported pathogenic variant in the TCN2 gene. One patient had exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. We conducted a retrospective analysis of C3 and C3/C2 from dried blood samples, as this is implemented for newborn screening (NBS). We detected a marked increase in the C3/C2 ratio in two samples. Treatment was based on parenteral Cbl. Three patients treated before six months of age had an initial favorable outcome, whereas the two treated later or inadequately had neurological impairment.

Conclusions
This is the first report of Argentinean patients with TC deficiency that detected a new variant in TCN2. NBS may be a tool for the early detection of TC deficiency. This data emphasizes that TC deficiency is a severe disorder that requires early detection and long-term, aggressive therapy. Accurate diagnosis is imperative, because early detection and treatment can be life-saving.
Assessing the Use of Scholarly Communication Platforms in Zambia
Authors: A Subaveerapandiyan , Subramani Saravanakumaran , Yadav Upasana , Mushanga Kapata , Amees Mohammad 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study examines the use of scholarly communication platforms in Zambia, exploring the perceptions, usage patterns and factors influencing the adoption and utilisation of these platforms among Zambian researchers and academics. Employing a cross-sectional survey design, the study gathered data from a sample of faculty members and researchers at selected universities in Zambia. The survey instrument consisted of three sections, collecting information on demographic background, scholarly communication practices in Zambia and the scholarly communication platforms used by the academic community. The findings reveal insights into the perceptions of scholarly communication services, the challenges faced by Zambian researchers in accessing and utilising scholarly resources and potential strategies to enhance scholarly communication in the country. Additionally, the study identifies the scholarly communication platforms most widely used by the Zambian academic community and the factors influencing their adoption and usage. This research contributes to the limited literature on scholarly communication in Zambia, providing valuable insights for stakeholders involved in promoting and enhancing scholarly communication practices within the country.
X-ray diffraction and photoelectron spectroscopy analyses of MXene electrode material used in energy storage applications – a review
Authors: Azam Mohd Asyadi , Kosnan Muhammad Akmal , Munawar Rose Farahiyan , Yin Tee Chee , Halim Nurhaliana Shazwani Mohd , Klimkowicz Alicja , Takasaki Akito 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
X-rays have many uses in screening and materials characterization applications. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis are among them. From the XRD data, a crystal structure can be determined by analysis of the XRD pattern, intensity, and positions of the peaks. Information about the crystallographic space group, lattice parameters, preferred orientation, and crystallite size can be derived. XPS examines the surface chemical state of a sample. This review will focus exclusively on MXene compounds and their analysis using XRD and XPS. MXene are layered compounds with a strong potential for application in energy storage. Since MXenes are two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitride, the material exhibit signals indicating the presence of specific transition elements, 1s carbon, and 1s oxygen. Additionally, there is a possibility of detecting an element from group 13 or 14 of the periodic table, such as aluminum, nitrogen, or fluorine. A comprehensive study based on XRD and XPS analytical techniques of 2-dimensional electrode materials may provide advancement in the field of energy storage. MXene especially deserve attention due to their remarkable structural and electrochemical characteristics, such as conductivity, topological, and surface area, which attracted numerous researchers worldwide.
Neuroprotective mushrooms
Authors: Abdelmoaty Mai M. , Kadry Rana , Mosley R. Lee , Gendelman Howard E. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Alternative medicines commonly supplement or, at times, replace standard medical treatment. One area of increasing attention is disease-modifying medicines for neurodegenerative diseases. However, few such alternatives have been investigated thoroughly with an eye towards understanding mechanisms of action for clinical use. Medicinal mushrooms have important health benefits and pharmacological activities with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, immunomodulatory, digestive, cytoprotective, homeostatic, and neuroprotective activities. Edible mushrooms are known to play roles in preventing age-related diseases. Several studies have revealed that polysaccharides, terpenes, and phenolic compounds are chemical components derived from mushrooms with pharmacological activities. Due to limited effective protocols for mushroom protein extraction for proteomic studies, information about these medicinally related proteins and their biological functions remains enigmatic.

Methods
Herein, we have performed proteomic studies of two mushroom species Laricifomes officinalis (agarikon) and Grifola frondosa (maitake).

Results
These studies serve to uncover a foundation for putative proteome-associated neuroprotective processes. The recovered proteins from both species show multiple cell-specific signaling pathways including unfolded protein response, and mitochondrial protein import as well as those linked to BAG2, ubiquitination, apoptosis, microautophagy, glycolysis, SNARE, and immunogenic cell signaling pathways.

Conclusions
This study uncovered mushroom proteome-associated proteins which serve to better understand the structural and functional properties of mushrooms used as alternative medicines for broad potential health benefits.
Pemberdayaan Kelompok Pendukung ASI di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas
Authors: Siregar Afriyana , Hartati Yuli , Meilina Ayu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The first two years of human life are critical to form the foundation of optimal growth, development and health in the long term. It is therefore very important to ensure that children aged 0-2 years get optimal nutritional care.
The lack of exclusive breastfeeding coverage is influenced by several things, especially the very limited number of breastfeeding counselors, the lack of optimal educational activities, socialization, advocacy and campaigns related to breastfeeding and the lack of optimal development of breastfeeding support groups (Astika, 2012). Therefore, to increase the scope of exclusive breastfeeding in the working area of the Taman Baca Health Center, a Breastfeeding Support Group (KP-ASI) was formed by empowering the surrounding community. The lowest exclusive breastfeeding coverage in Palembang city is still low, to increase exclusive breastfeeding coverage can be done by changing the knowledge and attitudes of mothers in exclusive breastfeeding for breastfeeding mothers. KP-ASI is a form of community empowerment in this case cadres who assist health workers (nutritionists) in delivering information related to exclusive breastfeeding and motivating pregnant women and lactating mothers to breastfeed their babies up to a minimum of 6-24 months.
The Breastfeeding Support Group (KP-ASI) is a group formed by health care facilities and the community to support pregnant women, new mothers and breastfeeding mothers. The implementation of training for ASI support groups (posyandu cadres) has not been implemented so that training activities are needed to assist posyandu cadres in providing skills and seeing changes in cadres' attitudes to do their duties to help the community related to health information, understanding in mentoring breastfeeding mothers so that the exclusive breastfeeding target is achieved.

Keywords: Breastfeeding, support groups, babies
Perceived attachment history predicts psychedelic experiences: A naturalistic study
Authors: Cherniak Aaron D. , Mikulincer Mario , Gruneau Brulin Joel , Granqvist Pehr 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsEmerging research indicates that psychedelics may have therapeutic potential by fostering meaningful experiences that act as “inflection points” in people's narratives of personal development. However, psychedelic research has largely failed to address pertinent developmental considerations. We investigated whether attachment-related variables were associated with psychedelic experiences and whether psychedelic experiences moderated expected links between perceived attachment history and current adult attachment orientations.MethodsWe administered an online survey to an international Jewish sample (N = 185) with psychedelic experience. The survey included measures about recollection of attachment interactions with parents (perceived attachment history), adult attachment orientations (anxiety, avoidance), and psychedelic phenomenology (mystical experiences, challenging experiences, emotional breakthrough, ego dissolution, sensed presence) associated with respondents' most memorable psychedelic experiences.ResultsPerceptions of an insecure attachment history were positively linked to all measures of psychedelic phenomenology (r's = 0.19–32, p's mostly < 0.01). In contrast, adult attachment orientations were unrelated to psychedelic phenomenology. Also, psychedelic phenomenology mostly did not moderate the links observed between perceptions of an insecure attachment history and adult attachment orientations.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that perceptions of early attachment experiences may be relevant to psychedelic phenomenology. However, subjective experiences associated with naturalistic psychedelic use do not typically attenuate links between a perceived insecure attachment history and attachment insecurity at present.
Fundamentos filosófico-jurídicos de la protección debida a las víctimas de migraciones forzadas: un análisis a la luz del principio de dignidad humana
Authors: Viteri Verónica 
Published: March 2024

Este trabajo analiza la protección de las víctimas de migraciones forzadas desde la perspectiva de la filosofía del derecho y del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos. Por un lado, se centra en el origen y los fundamentos filosófico-jurídicos de la dignidad humana y en sus exigencias prácticas como principio jurídico. Comprendida en este sentido, la dignidad es considerada como el fundamento de los derechos humanos más básicos; e implica unas prerrogativas jurídicas universalmente exigibles a favor de todas las personas, por el sólo hecho de su naturaleza humana; y sin considerar factores exógenos, como el origen o la nacionalidad. Dentro de este contexto se recuperan nociones fundamentales como el ius communcationis, o derecho de sociabilidad de los seres humanos y la hospitalidad, que conllevan un aprovechamiento común de la tierra universal dentro de la comunitas orbis o comunidad universal.
Se concluye que, pese a los esfuerzos y los múltiples instrumentos jurídicos existentes a este respecto, y que tienen como base la dignidad de la persona, la protección que se les reconoce en la práctica no es suficiente. La razón de ello radica en diversos factores, en particular, en el hecho de que si bien la dignidad humana puede ser considerada como la base para el reconocimiento de los derechos humanos en igualdad de condiciones, su alcance se limita a los derechos más fundamentales, como la vida o la prohibición de la tortura y tratos inhumanos y degradantes, más no implica derechos más específicos como el de libre circulación o residencia.
Effect of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by the improved method on the antibacterial properties of cotton textile materials
Authors: Asaulyuk Tatyana , Semeshko Olga , Saribyekova Yuliya , Kulish Irina , Horokhov Ihor 
Published: March 2024

The object of this study is imparting antimicrobial properties to textile materials made from natural fibers and their blends.
The study is aimed at solving the problem of ensuring a prolonged antimicrobial effect of cotton-containing fabrics.
The use of ZnO nanoparticles, synthesized by the simple resource-saving method, as part of polymer-colloidal finishing compositions for the fabrics finishing is proposed. The effectiveness of using synthesized ZnO to impart prolonged antibacterial properties to cotton fabrics was assessed by studying the morphology, chemical composition, and bactericidal activity of nanoparticles.
ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by direct precipitation method at low temperatures in a short time in an aqueous solution using zinc acetate dihydrate and sodium hydroxide as precursors. The average crystallite size calculated using the Scherrer method is 28 nm. The degree of crystallinity according to X-ray diffraction pattern is 93 %.
Using scanning electron microscopy, the formation of nanoparticles of uniform size in the form of short rods was established and the successfully synthesized ZnO phase in the hexagonal wurtzite structure was confirmed. The chemical purity of the crystalline material was confirmed using energy dispersive analysis. The atomic percentages of the elements are 47.6 % and 52.4 % for Zn and O, respectively. Study of the inhibition zone around fabric disks treated with ZnO showed their high bactericidal activity against air microflora and the gram-negative bacterium P. aeruginosa. It has been established that the use of ZnO as part of a polymer-colloidal system based on the acrylic polymer ensures the resistance of bactericidal treatment to washing.
The reported scientific results are of practical importance for improving the standard technological process for finishing cotton textile materials