bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicians' defences: An empirical study
Authors: Despland Jean‐Nicolas. , Bernard Mathieu. , Favre Nathalie. , Drapeau Martin. , De Roten Yves. , Stiefel Friedrich. 
Published: June 2008

Objective. Clinicians' defence mechanisms are strategies used to manage the stress and the negative affects emerging during a therapy session. The first objective of the study is to adapt the defence mechanisms rating scales (DMRS), originally created by Perry for assessing patient defences, in order to evaluate clinician defences. The second objective is to explore the type of defence mechanisms used by clinicians in oncology. The third objective is to study the sensitivity of the instrument by assessing changes in defensive functioning after specific communication skills training (CST) in oncology.Design. Participants (N=20) were oncology clinicians participating in oncology CST. The defence mechanism rating scales for clinicians (DMRS‐C) was used to assess the use of the clinicians' defences before and after CST.Results. The instrument showed promising preliminary psychometric properties. Numerous and very varied defences were coded in each session and corresponding to a great variety of defences. After CST, the clinicians' overall defensive functioning (ODF) increased. Considering the defences' levels, a decrease in the use of immature defences was observed.Conclusions. Taking into consideration the importance of clinicians' variables in treatment outcome, this instrument constitutes a promising way of assessing the clinician's strategies used to face the emotional difficulties emerging during the therapeutic encounter.
Transition Therapeutics inc.*
Authors: Paul Diane , Rakoto Philémon 
Published: June 2008

ABSTRACTTransition Therapeutics Inc. (Transition) and Waratah Pharmaceuticals Inc. (Waratah) are two publicly traded biopharmaceutical Canadian companies. In October 2001, Transition and Waratah announced that they had agreed to combine their respective businesses, assets, and operations. The business combination will be effected through an exchange of equity interests. The case unfolds before special shareholders' meetings for approval of the arrangement. Management is preparing the joint management information circular, which should include pro forma consolidated financial statements. However, many issues should be addressed to account for the business combination, and decisions on these issues might affect the accounting treatment as well as pro forma financial information.Note: Teaching Notes for instructional cases are not published in the journal but are made available to full CAAA member subscribers in a password‐protected area of the CAAA website. Go to https://www.caaa.ca/en/journals-and-research/accounting-perspectives-ap/teaching-notes/ to log in and access the notes.
Enticing Employees to Lie: Using Role Play to Understand and Mitigate Unintended Consequences of Budgeting*
Authors: Sheehan Norman T. 
Published: June 2008

ABSTRACTThis role play is a short, in‐class interactive exercise that places students in the role of a factory worker who is asked to commit to a future production amount. The role play demonstrates why employees may be tempted to lie when asked to reveal their future productive capacities. The experiential exercise illustrates the tension between using budget information for both planning and control purposes, and then asks students to propose how senior managers may effectively manage this tension. The role play provides an opportunity to enhance students' moral sensitivities as it concludes with a review of the fundamental ethical principles of International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), noting that although budgetary slack is a widespread phenomenon, it clearly violates IFAC's principles.
Evaluation of the sensitivity to chemotherapeutics or thiazolidinediones of primary anaplastic thyroid cancer cells obtained by fine-needle aspiration
Authors: Antonelli Alessandro , Ferrari Silvia Martina , Fallahi Poupak , Berti Piero , Materazzi Gabriele , Marchetti Ivo , Ugolini Clara , Basolo Fulvio , Miccoli Paolo , Ferrannini Ele 
Published: June 2008

ObjectiveAnaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is often unoperable and chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the main treatments. Until now ‘primary ATC cell cultures’ (ANA) have been developed from surgical biopsies. The possibility to obtain ANA from fine-needle aspiration (FNA-ANA) and to test their sensitivity to different drugs could increase the effectiveness of treatments and avoid unnecessary surgical procedures.DesignTo obtain FNA-ANA from six ATC patients before undergoing surgery and to evaluate the chemosensitivity of FNA-ANA to chemotherapeutic agents and thiazolidinediones (TZD).Methods and resultsFNA-ANA from the six ATC patients were cultured in RPMI 1640 and propagated in DMEM. Chemosensitivity was evaluated by inhibiting the proliferation with increasing concentrations of five different chemotherapeutic agents (bleomycin, cisplatin, gemcitabine, etoposide, and carboplatin) or TZD (rosiglitazone). Chemotherapeutic agents significantly inhibited (P<0.0001) FNA-ANA proliferation, such as TZD (P<0.001); etoposide was the most effective in reducing cell growth. Another ANA culture for each patient was obtained from a biopsy specimen; the results for the chemosensitivity tests were similar to those obtained with FNA-ANA. The V600EBRAF mutation was observed in two ATC patients; the inhibition of proliferation by drugs was similar in tumors with or without V600EBRAF mutation.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates 1) the possibility to obtain FNA-ANA, and opens the way to the use of FNA-ANA to test the chemosensitivity to different drugs (chemotherapeutic agents or TZD; and possibly the radiosensitivity) in each patient, avoiding unnecessary surgical procedures and the administration of inactive chemotherapeutics; and 2) that etoposide is highly effective in reducing ATC cell growth in vitro.
Hypochondroplasia and acanthosis nigricans: a new syndrome due to the p.Lys650Thr mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene?
Authors: Castro-Feijóo Lidia , Loidi Lourdes , Vidal Anxo , Parajes Silvia , Rosón Elena , Álvarez Ana , Cabanas Paloma , Barreiro Jesús , Alonso Adela , Domínguez Fernando , Pombo Manuel 
Published: June 2008

BackgroundHypochondroplasia (HCH) is a skeletal dysplasia inherited in an autosomal dominant manner due, in most cases, to mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3). Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a velvety and papillomatous pigmented hyperkeratosis of the skin, which has been recognized in some genetic disorders more severe than HCH involving the FGFR3 gene.Objective and designAfter initial study of the proband, who had been consulted for short stature and who also presented AN, the study was extended to the patient's mother and to 12 additional family members.MethodsClinical, biochemical and radiological studies were performed on the family. In addition, exons 11 and 13 of FGFR3 were analyzed.ResultsThe proband and ten relatives presented HCH plus AN and the analysis of FGFR3 showed the p.Lys650Thr mutation. The members with normal phenotypes were non-carriers of the mutation.ConclusionThis is the first report of a large pedigree with the clinical phenotype of HCH plus AN due to a FGFR3 mutation, p.Lys650Thr. This finding demonstrates the coexistence of both conditions due to the same mutation and it might represent a true complex, which should be further established by searching for AN in mild HCH patients or for HCH in patients with AN.
Modern Radiotherapy as Part of Combined Modality Treatment in Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Present Status and Future Prospects
Authors: van Meerbeeck Jan P. , Meersschout Sabine , De Pauw Rebecca , Madani Indira , De Neve Wilfried 
Published: June 2008

Abstract

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Employ the current standard of care for stage III NSCLC.Balance the relative merits and risks of IMRT in this disease and position its indication.Advocate the need for further research for improvement in this field.
CME This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com
Locally advanced stages account for approximately one third of the incident presentations of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Optimal treatment in selected patients consists of an integration of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Both modalities have seen numerous advances in the last decade. This article reviews the current status and outcome of treatment in stage III NSCLC, with special emphasis on the role of novel techniques in radiation treatment, including intensity-modulated radiation therapy. The obstacles for improving local control are identified and the technical progress that aims at removing these obstacles is addressed.
Managing Premedications and the Risk for Reactions to Infusional Monoclonal Antibody Therapy
Authors: Chung Christine H. 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies—including rituximab, alemtuzumab, trastuzumab, bevacizumab, cetuximab, and panitumumab—have improved the treatment of various malignancies. Although generally better tolerated with less toxicity than conventional anticancer agents, monoclonal antibodies may cause infusion-related reactions like other infusional agents. The incidence of infusion reactions varies by agent, but severe events occur only occasionally, mostly with the first or second infusion. Although the exact etiology of infusion reactions remains unclear, they may arise via either IgE- or non-IgE–dependent mechanisms. There is a compelling clinical need to improve the risk assessment for severe infusion reactions. The recent identification of pre-existing IgE crossreacting with cetuximab, its association with severe reactions, and regional variation in the prevalence may provide a marker for high-risk assessment. Premedication with antihistamines, acetaminophen, and/or corticosteroids is a common practice to prevent infusion reactions with all monoclonal antibodies. However, a recent observational study suggests that premedication may no longer be necessary after the second infusion of cetuximab if patients did not develop any symptoms with the first two infusions. Considering the heterogeneity of infusion reactions, clinicians need to recognize the underlying nature of these events in order to identify patients at risk as well as provide optimal prophylactic measures and management of symptoms.
Radiolabeled and Native Antibodies and the Prospect of Cure of Follicular Lymphoma
Authors: Buchegger Franz , Press Oliver W. , Delaloye Angelika Bischof , Ketterer Nicolas 
Published: June 2008

AbstractLearning ObjectivesAfter completing this course, the reader will be able to: Summarize current upfront treatment options in follicular lymphoma.Differentiate biological treatment options with demonstrated efficacy from promising new developments in research and clinical trials.Better understand RIT and its therapeutic promise.CME This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.comAdvanced-stage follicular lymphoma is incurable by conventional treatment. Rituximab has been introduced in various combinations with chemotherapy and has resulted in a significantly superior treatment outcome compared with chemotherapy alone. Multiple studies have also shown the efficacy of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) both as a single agent and in combination with chemotherapy. Rituximab and RIT have clearly distinct mechanisms of action, the first acting exclusively as a biological treatment, while the second acts by a combination of biologic mechanisms and radiation effects. Despite the therapeutic efficacy of both approaches, the potential exists to further improve both modalities. Repeat administrations of RIT using appropriate radioisotopes for treatment of residual disease or new targeting strategies might afford additional benefits. Unlabeled antibody treatment could potentially benefit from the combination of antibodies directed against different target antigens or combination therapy with cytokines capable of further mobilizing patients' cellular defenses. In this review, we hypothesize that the combination of an optimized biological treatment together with radiolabeled antibodies and chemotherapy early in the disease course of advanced-stage follicular lymphoma may represent the best approach to achieve prolonged disease-free survival and eventually cure.
Characteristics and Outcome of Pediatric Patients Enrolled in Phase I Oncology Trials
Authors: Kim AeRang , Fox Elizabeth , Warren Katherine , Blaney Susan M. , Berg Stacey L. , Adamson Peter C. , Libucha Madeleine , Byrley Elena , Balis Frank M. , Widemann Brigitte C. 
Published: June 2008

Abstract

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Describe the characteristics of pediatric patients who have enrolled in phase I trials over the past decade.Describe the relationship between enrollment characteristics and the risk for toxicity in a phase I trial.Identify the potential risks and benefits for pediatric patients with refractory solid tumors in phase I trials.
CME This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com

Purpose.
To describe the characteristics of pediatric subjects who enroll in phase I trials, to determine the associations between pre-enrollment characteristics and the risk for toxicity, and to analyze response and survival outcomes.

Experimental Design.
Pre-enrollment characteristics and study outcomes were retrospectively analyzed for children with refractory solid tumors treated in one of 16 phase I trials with similar eligibility criteria at the National Cancer Institute between 1992 and 2005.

Results.
The 262 subjects analyzed had received a median of two (range, 0–9) prior chemotherapy regimens, and were on one (range, 0–12) concomitant medication. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status scores for subjects were 0 (29%), 1 (48%), and 2 (19%); 19% had received a prior stem cell transplantation and 73% had received prior radiation. Approximately 90% of subjects were evaluable for the primary trial endpoints (toxicity and pharmacokinetics). Seventeen percent of subjects experienced a dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), 5% discontinued the study drug because of toxicity, and a drug-related death occurred in one subject (0.4%). Variables associated with a higher risk for developing a DLT, by multiple logistic regression analysis, were drug dose and prior radiation, for myelosuppressive agents, and drug dose and performance status, for nonmyelosuppressive agents. The complete and partial response rate was 4%; however, 17% of subjects had stable disease (received three or more cycles). The median overall survival time from the time of enrollment was five months.

Conclusions.
Primary trial objectives are achieved in approximately 90% of subjects with the standard phase I trial design and eligibility criteria despite the intensification of frontline and salvage therapies in pediatric subjects with cancer.
Is There an Entity of Chemically Induced BCR-ABL–Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia?
Authors: Lichtman Marshall A. 
Published: June 2008

Abstract

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Distinguish the exogenous causes of acute and chronic myelogenous leukemia.Discuss the evidence establishing the exogenous causes of secondary leukemia.Describe the relationship of radiation and chemical exposure to the risk of developing specific subtypes of leukemia.
CME This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com
Advances in the therapy of malignancy have been accompanied by an increased frequency of cases of secondary acute myelogenous leukemia and related clonal cytopenias and oligoblastic (subacute) myelogenous leukemia (myelodysplastic syndromes). The acute myelogenous leukemia incidence can be increased by high-dose acute ionizing radiation exposure, alkylating agents, topoisomerase II inhibitors, possibly other DNA-damaging therapeutic agents, heavy, prolonged cigarette smoking, and high dose-time exposure to benzene, the latter less frequently seen in industrialized countries with worksite regulations. Acute myelogenous leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes may result from innumerable primary types of chromosome damage. In the case of chronic myelogenous leukemia, a specific break in chromosome bands 9q34 and 22q11 must occur to result in the causal fusion oncogene (BCR-ABL). A review of 11 studies of the chromosomal abnormalities found in presumptive cases of cytotoxic therapy–induced leukemia and of 40 studies of the subtypes of leukemia that occur following cytotoxic therapy for other cancers has not provided evidence of an increased risk for chemically induced BCR-ABL–positive chronic myelogenous leukemia. Studies of the effects of alkylating agents, topoisomerase inhibitors, and benzene on chromosomes of hematopoietic cells in vitro, coupled with the aforementioned epidemiological studies of secondary leukemia after cytotoxic therapy or of persons exposed to high dose-time concentrations of benzene in the workplace, do not indicate a relationship among chemical exposure, injury to chromosome bands 9q34 and 22q11, and an increased risk for BCR-ABL–positive chronic myelogenous leukemia.
Preparation and catalysis of chloromethylated polystyrene‐supported macrocyclic Schiff base metal complexes for the oxidation of cumene
Authors: Chang Yue , Shi Xiulong , Zhu Dongmei , Liu Yan 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChloromethylated polystyrene‐supported macrocyclic Schiff base metal complexes (PS‐L‐M, M = Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Mn2+) were synthesized and characterized by the methods of IR, ICP, and small area X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The oxidation of cumene by molecular oxygen in the absence of solvent with the synthesized complexes employed as catalyst was carried out. In comparison with their catalytic activities, PS‐L‐Cu is a more effective catalyst for the oxidation of cumene. The main products are 2‐phenyl‐2‐propanol (PP) and cumene hydroperoxide, which were measured by GC/MS. The influences of reaction temperature, the amount of catalyst, as well as the reaction time on the oxidation of cumene were investigated. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of a Peer‐Led Mutual Support Group for Chinese Families of People with Schizophrenia
Authors: Chien Wai-Tong , Thompson David R. , Norman Ian 
Published: June 2008

AbstractFamily interventions in schizophrenia have shown positive effects on patients but little attention has been paid to their effects on family members, particularly those in non‐Western countries. This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of a bi‐weekly, 12‐session, family‐led mutual support group for Chinese caregivers of schizophrenia sufferers over 6 months compared with standard psychiatric care. It was conducted with 76 families of outpatients with schizophrenia in Hong Kong of whom 38 were assigned randomly to either a mutual support group or standard care. Families' psychosocial health status and patients' symptom severity and length of re‐hospitalizations at recruitment, one‐week and 12‐month post‐intervention were compared between groups. Results of repeated‐measures mixed model indicated that the mutual support group experienced significantly greater improvements in families' burden, functioning and number of support persons and length of patients' re‐hospitalizations at two post‐tests. The findings provide evidence that mutual support groups can be an effective family‐initiated, community‐based intervention for Chinese schizophrenia sufferers.
How the Powerful Decide: Access to Research Participation by those at the Margins
Authors: McDonald Katherine E. , Keys Christopher B. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractHow do those in power decide to include and exclude those at the margins from community life? We used simulated review of research vignettes to examine how researchers and members of Institutional Review Boards make decisions concerning the research participation of adults with and without intellectual disabilities. Results indicate that decision‐makers are influenced by the disability status of the sample, characteristics of the research in which they are engaged, and their attitudes toward the research participation of adults with intellectual disabilities as well as their own relationship to the research process. For example, decision‐makers may create situations that limit the self‐determination of adults with intellectual disabilities and adults without disabilities within the research context, particularly when the research poses some risk of harm to participants. Implications for theory, action and research are explored.
Chemical Composition and Oxidative Stability of Kernel Oils from Two Current Subspecies of Pistacia atlantica in Iran
Authors: Farhoosh Reza , Tavakoli Javad , Khodaparast Mohammad Hossein Haddad 
Published: June 2008

AbstractPistacia atlantica subsp. mutica (PAM) and kurdica (PAK) kernel oils showed significantly lower unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratios (6.39, 6.33, respectively) and calculated oxidizability (Cox) values (3.99, 4.13, respectively) than those of the P. vera L. cv. Ohadi (PVO) kernel oil (8.91, 4.41) samples. The highest peroxide value was observed for the PAK oil (4.07 mequiv kg−1) (PAM, 1.94; PVO, 0.37) samples. Iodine values for the PAM, PAK, and PVO oils were 104.26, 104.77, and 110.66, respectively. The saponification number of the PVO oil was significantly greater than the PAM and PAK oils, which were statistically not different. The unsaponifiable contents, which were composed mainly of sterols, ranged from 5.63 to 6.14%. Statistically the total tocopherols contents of the PAM (818.58 mg α‐tocopherol kg−1) and PVO (815.90 mg α‐tocopherol kg−1) oils were significantly higher than that of the PAK oil (499.91 mg α‐tocopherol kg−1). Total phenolics contents differed significantly, the greatest concentration was for the PAM oil (81.12 mg gallic acid kg−1), followed by the PVO (62.84 mg gallic acid kg−1) and PAK (56.51 mg gallic acid kg−1) oil samples. The wax contents of the oil samples were statistically in the same range, namely 5.67–6.48%. Oxidative stability data indicated that the PAM oil is the most resistant to the formation of lipid oxidation products, followed by the PAK and PVO oil samples.
Genetik und Klinik der Hämophilie A und B
Authors: Schwaab R. , Rost S. , Schröder J. , Müller-Reible C.R. , Oldenburg J. 
Published: June 2008

Zusammenfassung
Die Hämophilie A und B werden durch unterschiedliche Mutationen im Faktor VIII (FVIII)- bzw. Faktor IX (FIX)-Gen verursacht. Entsprechend der Schwere des molekularen Defekts gibt es klinisch unterschiedlich schwere Verlaufsformen der Erkrankung. Hämophiliepatienten können heutzutage ausgezeichnet mit aus Plasma oder rekombinant hergestellten Gerinnungspräparaten behandelt werden. Hierdurch können Blutungen und deren Folgen weitgehend verhindert werden, mit einer inzwischen fast normalisierten Lebensqualität und Lebenserwartung. Eine schwere Komplikation ist die Antikörper (Hemmkörper)-Bildung gegen den zugeführten Gerinnungsfaktor. Das Risiko einer solchen Hemmkörperbildung ist bei Vorliegen von Mutationen ohne endogene Faktor-VIII-Protein-Bildung besonders hoch und liegt bei 25–50%. Die Information über den zu erwartenden klinischen Verlauf ist heute die wichtigste Indikation für die FVIII-/FIX-Genanalyse und wird regelhaft bei den schwer betroffenen Hämophiliepatienten durchgeführt. Die Kenntnis des FVIII-/FIX-Gendefekts ermöglicht des Weiteren eine sichere und schnelle Überträgerinnendiagnose bei weiblichen Familienangehörigen von Hämophilen.