bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of importance/consequentiality appraisal in flashbulb memory formation: the case of the death of Pope John Paul II
Authors: Tinti Carla , Schmidt Susanna , Sotgiu Igor , Testa Silvia , Curci Antonietta 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis study investigates how flashbulb memories (FBMs) relative to the death of Pope John Paul II vary according to the persons' evaluation of the event's importance and consequences. In particular, FBMs were investigated in persons who were expected to attribute different degrees of importance/consequentiality to the event as a function of two factors: (1) religious involvement, (2) nationality (Polish, Italian, Swiss). The comparison was made with respect to the following hypothesized determinants of FBMs: surprise, emotional reaction, rehearsal, event memory and especially the attitudes towards the Pope and the appraisal of the importance and the consequences of his death. Structural equation modelling indicates that importance/consequentiality is a fundamental determinant of FBM and is influenced by antecedent personal and social characteristics reflected in the person's attitudes. Moreover, memory consistency seems to be both directly influenced by emotional intensity and indirectly through rehearsal, whereas surprise seems not a critical determinant of FBM. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Trisomy 20q caused by interstitial duplication 20q13.2: Clinical report and literature review
Authors: Blanc Pierre , Gouas Laetitia , Francannet Christine , Giollant Michel , Vago Philippe , Goumy Carole 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWe report on a 3‐year‐old boy with moderate developmental delay, abnormal craniofacial features and ventricular septal defect resulting from trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 20. The cytogenetic defect consists of a de novo isolated interstitial duplication in distal 20q [dup(20)(q13.2q13.2)]. The duplication was detected by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and confirmed by array CGH. Other cases of comparable trisomies are reviewed. This new case further delineates the recognizable phenotype of trisomy 20q13 → 20qter and highlights the relevance of CGH for the detection of such rearrangements. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association analysis of schizophrenia on 18 genes involved in neuronal migration: MDGA1 as a new susceptibility gene
Authors: Kähler Anna K. , Djurovic Srdjan , Kulle Bettina , Jönsson Erik G. , Agartz Ingrid , Hall Håkan , Opjordsmoen Stein , Jakobsen Klaus D. , Hansen Thomas , Melle Ingrid , Werge Thomas , Steen Vidar M. , Andreassen Ole A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractSeveral lines of evidence support the theory of schizophrenia (SZ) being a neurodevelopmental disorder. The structural, cytoarchitectural and functional brain abnormalities reported in patients with SZ, might be due to aberrant neuronal migration, since the final position of neurons affects neuronal function, morphology, and formation of synaptic connections. We have investigated the putative association between SZ and gene variants engaged in the neuronal migration process, by performing an association study on 839 cases and 1,473 controls of Scandinavian origin. Using a gene‐wide approach, tagSNPs in 18 candidate genes have been genotyped, with gene products involved in the neuron‐to‐glial cell adhesion, interactions with the DISC1 protein and/or rearrangements of the cytoskeleton. Of the 289 markers tested, 19 markers located in genes MDGA1, RELN, ITGA3, DLX1, SPARCL1, and ASTN1, attained nominal significant P‐values (P < 0.05) in either a genotypic or allelic association test. All of these genes, except transcription factor DLX1, are involved in the adhesion between neurons and radial glial cells. Eight markers obtained nominal significance in both tests, and were located in intronic or 3′UTR regions of adhesion molecule MDGA1 and previously reported SZ candidate RELN. The most significant result was attained for MDGA1 SNP rs9462341 (unadjusted association results: genotypic P = 0.00095; allelic P = 0.010). Several haplotypes within MDGA1, RELN, ITGA3, and ENAH were nominally significant. Further studies in independent samples are needed, including upcoming genome wide association study results, but our data suggest that MDGA1 is a new SZ susceptibility gene, and that altered neuronal migration is involved in SZ pathology. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dementia in fragile X‐associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS): Comparison with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Seritan Andreea L. , Nguyen Danh V. , Farias Sarah Tomaszewski , Hinton Ladson , Grigsby Jim , Bourgeois James A. , Hagerman Randi J. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractNeurocognitive deficits in fragile X‐associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) involve attentional control, working memory, executive functioning, and declarative and procedural learning. To date, no studies comparing FXTAS with other dementias have been done. We characterize the dementia in FXTAS, comparing it with Alzheimer's disease. Retrospective chart review of 68 adults (50 men, 18 women) with FXTAS. 20 men with FXTAS dementia were matched by age, gender, and education to patients with mild Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Neuropsychological measures were compared between the two groups: Boston Naming Test (BNT), phonemic fluency (Controlled Oral Word Association Test), digit span forward (DSF) and backward (DSB). Comparisons were based on analysis of covariance and t‐tests to assess significant differences between groups. 50% of men with FXTAS and no women were cognitively impaired. On mean scores of verbal fluency (22.83 in FXTAS vs. 28.83 in AD, P = 0.112), working memory (DSB, 4.80 in AD vs. 5.41 in FXTAS, P = 0.359), and language (BNT, 48.54 in AD vs. 54.20 in FXTAS, P = 0.089), there were no significant differences. Digit span forward, measuring attention, was significantly higher in subjects with FXTAS dementia (8.59, vs. 7.10 in AD, P = 0.010). Individuals with FXTAS have significant cognitive deficits, on the order of those in AD although the cognitive profiles in these dementias are not similar. Further research is needed to outline the neuropsychiatric profile in FXTAS and the correlation of genetic markers with the progression and severity of cognitive loss. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Repeated physical disturbances and the stability of sub‐tropical coral communities in Hong Kong, China
Authors: Tam Tze‐Wai , Ang Put O. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
This paper reports on the dynamics of the coral community structure at A Ma Wan (AMW) and A Ye Wan (AYW) in Tung Ping Chau, Hong Kong, focusing on data collected before and after the summer typhoon seasons in 1997 to 1999. This period (1999) experienced the highest frequency of severe tropical cyclones to hit Hong Kong with one cyclone being the strongest to hit in the last 23 years (1984 to 2006).
This is part of a long‐term monitoring programme of subtropical coral communities that has been set up in AMW since May 1997 and AYW since May 1998 with nine fixed position 40 m long transects and 0.5 m × 0.5 m permanent quadrats laid at 5 m intervals along each transect. A total of 45 scleractinian coral species from 21 genera (12 families) was recorded, with 40 species in AMW and 32 species in AYW recorded at the beginning of the study.
Multidimensional scaling ordinations showed distinct spatial variations in the coral communities within and between sites. These variations were probably a result of the differential effects of the repeated cyclone impacts on the communities. Cyphastrea serailia, Goniopora lobata, Montipora peltiformis and Pavona decussata were the dominant species most strongly affected by cyclone impacts at AMW, experiencing a 6.2–16.2% loss of mean area cover during the study period. Some dominant species (e.g. P. decussata) in AYW also experienced a 6.5–14.3% loss of mean area cover within the same period.
Overall, these coral community structures appeared relatively stable and resistant to repeated physical disturbances. However, they may have low resilience towards more severe disturbances in the future. Preserving the resilience of coral communities/species in Tung Ping Chau should be one of the main goals of coral conservation strategies for the island.
Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Distribution and habitat associations of the endangered Oxleyan pygmy perch, Nannoperca oxleyana Whitley, in eastern Australia
Authors: Knight James T. , Arthington Angela H. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Detailed knowledge of habitat requirements is particularly relevant to the conservation of rare and threatened fish species because habitat fragmentation and loss are usually the major threats to species with limited distributions and restricted habitat requirements, and habitat restoration is typically the first step in species' recovery plans. This paper documents the macro‐, meso‐ and microhabitat habitat associations of a small threatened percichthyid, the Oxleyan pygmy perch, Nannoperca oxleyana, in south‐eastern Queensland and north‐eastern New South Wales (NSW), Australia.
The species' range encompasses approximately 530 km of coastline from Coongul Creek on Fraser Island, Queensland (25° 16′S, 153° 09′E) south to Tick Gate Swamp near the township of Wooli, NSW (29° 54′S, 153° 15′E). It is confined primarily to dystrophic, acidic, freshwater systems draining through sandy coastal lowlands and Banksia ‐ dominated heath ecosystems.
Both lentic and lotic environments provide habitat for N. oxleyana but the species is found only in slow‐flowing pools and backwaters of river channels and tributaries as well as in swampy drainages, lakes, ponds and dams.
Trapping studies found that an abundance of structural aquatic habitat was a defining microhabitat feature either in the form of beds of emergent or submerged plants or the presence of steep/undercut banks fringed with the semi‐submerged branches and fine rootlets of riparian vegetation. When present, leaf litter and snags also provided cover.
Recent and historical survey data suggest that human activities have had a significant influence on contemporary species presence/absence patterns and may have been responsible for the prominent gaps within the Queensland‐NSW distribution of N. oxleyana.
The distinctive relationships of N. oxleyana with features of aquatic habitat at the macro‐, meso‐ and microhabitat scale demonstrate principles applicable to any study focused on the conservation of an endangered fish species.
Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Temporal Changes of Astrocyte Activation and Glutamate Transporter‐1 Expression in the Spinal Cord After Spinal Nerve Ligation‐Induced Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Wen , Wang Yayun , Huang Jing , Wu Shengxi , Li Yun‐Qing 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAstrocyte activation is involved in the neuropathic pain. As a glutamate scavenger, the glutamate transporter‐1 (GLT‐1) is exclusively expressed on the astrocytes and probably correlates with astrocyte activation. In the present study, we attempted to clarify the temporal changing courses of astrocyte activation and GLT‐1 expression, as well as their correlations induced by a neuropathic pain model, namely, spinal nerve ligation (SNL) in which rapidly appearing (<3 days) and persistent (>21 days) mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia were presented. Immunofluorescent staining showed that GLT‐1 was expressed exclusively in most (not all) of the astrocytes, even when the GLT‐1 expression reached its peak. The expression of GLT‐1 displayed an interesting biphasic change, with an initial up‐regulation followed by a down‐regulation after SNL. Our results also demonstrated that SNL induced a marked and long‐term (>21 days) activation of astrocytes in the ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn. These results suggest that astrocyte activation, the change of GLT‐1 expression and the potential relationship between them might play key roles in the induction and/or maintenance of neuropathic pain. The present results provide novel clues in understanding the mechanisms underlying the involvement of astrocytes and GLT‐1 in the neuropathic pain. Anat Rec, 291:513–518, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Claudin‐5 is Restricted to the Tight Junction Region of Uterine Epithelial Cells in the Uterus of Pregnant/Gravid Squamate Reptiles
Authors: Biazik Joanna M. , Thompson Michael B. , Murphy Christopher R. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractClaudin‐5, a tight junctional protein associated with ion and size selectivity, has been found in the uterus of skinks. This study has generated critical information about the molecular assembly of the tight junction at various stages of the reproductive cycle in the skink uterus. Recent studies looking at tight junctional proteins found occludin expression in the tight junction region of uterine epithelial cells in the skink uterus; however, occludin did not disclose any further information about the ions and size of ions permeating across the paracellular pathway. A ∼22‐kDa claudin‐5 band was detected in the uterus of the skinks present in this study and immunohistochemistry revealed that claudin‐5 redistributes to the tight junction region of the lateral plasma membrane of uterine epithelial cells in late stage pregnancy/gravidity. This finding indicates that the tight junction becomes more assembled to precisely regulate ion and solute permeation in late stage pregnancy/gravidity. Claudin‐5 with its functional role as a molecular sieve due to the formation of ion and size selective pores suggests that permeation of ions smaller than 0.8 kDa are restricted when claudin‐5 is redistributed to the tight junction region of the later plasma membrane. This report is the first description of the molecular mechanisms that may be involved in regulating nutrient provision in the reptilian uterus. Anat Rec, 291:547–556, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential Expression of the Tight Junction Proteins, Claudin‐1, Claudin‐4, Occludin, ZO‐1, and PAR3, in the Ameloblasts of Rat Upper Incisors
Authors: Inai Tetsuichiro , Sengoku Akihito , Hirose Eiji , Iida Hiroshi , Shibata Yosaburo 
Published: April 2008

AbstractTight junctions (TJs) create a paracellular permeability barrier to restrict the passage of ions, small solutes, and water. Ameloblasts are enamel‐forming cells that sequentially differentiate into preameloblasts, secretory, transition, and ruffle‐ended and smooth‐ended maturation ameloblasts (RAs and SAs). TJs are located at the proximal and distal ends of ameloblasts. TJs at the distal ends of secretory ameloblasts and RAs are well‐developed zonula occludens, but other TJs are moderately developed but incomplete zonula occludens (ZO) or less‐developed macula occludens. We herein examined the immunofluorescence localization of TJ proteins, 10 claudin isoforms, occludin, ZO‐1, and PAR3, a cell polarity‐related protein, in ameloblasts of rat upper incisors. ZO‐1 and claudin‐1 were detected at both ends of all ameloblasts except for the distal ends of SAs. Claudin‐4 and occludin were detected at both ends of transition and maturation ameloblasts except for the distal ends of SAs. PAR3 was detected at the proximal TJs of all ameloblasts and faintly at the distal TJs of early RAs. These results indicate that functional zonula occludens formed at the distal ends of the secretory ameloblasts and RAs consisted of different TJ proteins. Therefore, the distal TJs of secretory ameloblasts and RAs may differentially regulate the paracellular permeability to create a microenvironment suitable for enamel deposition and enamel maturation, respectively. In addition, PAR3 may be principally involved in the formation and maintenance of the proximal, but not distal, TJs. Anat Rec, 291:577–585, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Complete Nucleotide Sequence of a Coxsackievirus B4 Strain that Establishes Infection in ICR Mice Pancreas and Induces Glucose Intolerance
Authors: Zhou Mi , Li Fan 
Published: April 2008

AbstractSome coxsackievirus B serotypes are potentially diabetogenic. Previous studies revealed that the virulence and the tissue damage varied with the genetics of the virus strain as well as with the genetics of the mice. A single amino acid variation can alter virulence and tropism in both murine and in vitro models. However, the genetic determinants of this phenomenon have not been determined. In this study, infections with a laboratory strain of coxsackievirus B4 resulted in a diabetes‐like syndrome in ICR mice, characterized by chronic pancreatic inflammation together with dysregulation in glucose metabolism, loss of pancreatic acinar tissue and persistent infection in islets. To characterize the genetic determinants involved in the mouse pancreas adaptation, the laboratory strain of coxsackievirus B4 was cloned for molecular characterization. Comparing the whole genome sequence of this virus strain with the other coxsackievirus B4 strains revealed some differences. Altogether 15 nucleotides were changed, resulting in 10 amino acid substitutions, which might be responsible for the pathogenic phenotype of this strain in mice. Anat Rec, 291:601–609, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling between Salicylaldehydes and Internal Alkynes with CH Bond Cleavage To Produce 2,3‐Disubstituted Chromones
Authors: Shimizu Masaki , Tsurugi Hayato , Satoh Tetsuya , Miura Masahiro 
Published: April 2008

AbstractA direct oxidative coupling of salicylaldehydes with internal alkynes proceeds efficiently with cleavage of the aldehyde CH bond to produce the corresponding chromone derivatives. A rhodium catalyst in combination with a cyclopentadiene ligand and a copper oxidant promote this straightforward annulation reaction. Solid‐state luminescence was observed for certain chromone products.
Effect of Da‐Cheng‐Qi decoction on the pharmacokinetics of ranitidine in rats
Authors: Tang Wen‐Fu , Wan Mei‐Hua , Huang Qiao‐Rong , Zhu Zheng‐Yan , Zhao Jiang‐Lei , Wu Yi‐Zhi , Huang Xi 
Published: April 2008

AbstractDa Cheng Qi decoction (DCQD) is composed of Dahuang, Houpu, Zhishi and Mangxiao. It is a formula created under the theory of Chinese medicine to purge the ‘evil heat’ in the gastrointestitinal tract, which arises from the ileus and acute pancreatitis. The present study was conducted to evaluate the herb–drug interaction between DCQD and ranitidine, which are often co‐administered in clinical practice. Ranitidine was administered orally alone or together with DCQD to rats, and plasma ranitidine concentrations were measured by HPLC. Following oral administration, ranitidine plasma levels revealed curves characterized by peaks at 1.8 and 4.2 h corresponding to ranitidine alone and ranitidine with DCQD at mean concentrations of 16.315 and 1.455 µg/mL, respectively. After ranitidine was orally dosed alone or with DCQD, the half‐lives were 1.787 and 3.758 h, while the area under the concentration–time curve (0–12 h) was 28.083 and 9.826 µg/L h, respectively, suggesting that DCQD might significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of ranitidine in rats. When physicians or pharmacists administer DCQD and ranitidine, they must make a careful effort to adjust the dosage of the drug and Chinese decoction, or avoid the herb–drug co‐administration. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simultaneous determination of naringenin and hesperetin in rats after oral administration of Da‐Cheng‐Qi decoction by high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Liu Ying , Xu Fengguo , Zhang Zunjian , Song Rui , Tian Yuan 
Published: April 2008

AbstractTo quantify naringenin and hesperetin in rat plasma after oral administration of Da‐Cheng‐Qi decoction, a famous purgative traditional Chinese medicine, a high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated. The HPLC separation was carried out on a Zorbax SB‐C18 column using 0.1% formic acid–methanol as mobile phase and estazolam as internal standard after the sample of rat plasma had been cleaned up with one‐step protein precipitation using methanol. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization in the positive ion mode and selected reaction monitoring method was developed to determine the active components. This method was validated in terms of recovery, linearity, accuracy and precision (intra‐ and inter‐batch variation). The recoveries of naringenin and hesperetin were 72.8–76.6 and 75.7–77.2%, respectively. Linearity in rat plasma was observed over the range of 0.5–250 ng/mL (r2 > 0.99) for both naringenin and hesperetin. The accuracy and precision were well within the acceptable range and the relative standard deviation of the measured rat plasma samples was less than 15% (n = 5). The validated method was successfully applied for the evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of naringenin and hesperetin administered to six rats. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expression of tropane alkaloids in the hairy root culture of Atropa acuminata substantiated by DART mass spectrometric technique
Authors: Banerjee Suchitra , Madhusudanan K. P. , Chattopadhyay Sunil K. , Rahman Laiq Ur , Khanuja Suman P. S. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAgrobacterium rhizogenes‐mediated ‘hairy root’ cultures were established in Atropa acuminata. The chemical profiling of the hairy roots was carried out by a new mass spectrometric technique, direct analysis in real time (DART). The intact hairy roots were directly analyzed by holding them in the gap between the DART ion source and mass spectrometer. Two alkaloids, atropine and scopolamine, were characterized. The structural confirmation of the two alkaloids was made through their accurate molecular formula determinations. This is the first report of establishing hairy roots in A. acuminata as well as application of the DART technique for the chemical profiling of its hairy roots. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of Trinucleotide Repeat Ligands with a FRET Melting Assay
Authors: Amrane Samir , De Cian Anne , Rosu Frédéric , Kaiser Markus , De Pauw Edwin , Teulade‐Fichou Marie‐Paule , Mergny Jean‐Louis 
Published: April 2008

AbstractDNA hairpin structures formed within a repeated tract might be a causative factor for triplet expansion observed in several debilitating diseases. We have designed and used a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) melting assay to screen for ligands that bind specifically to the CNG triplet repeats. Using this assay, we screened a panel of 33 chemicals that were previously designed to bind DNA or RNA secondary structures. Remarkably, we found that macrocyclic compounds, such as acridine dimers and trimers, exhibit interesting affinities and specificities for this motif.
Four Generations of Water‐Soluble Dendrimers with 9 to 243 Benzoate Tethers: Synthesis and Dendritic Effects on Their Ion Pairing with Acetylcholine, Benzyltriethylammonium, and Dopamine in Water
Authors: Boisselier Elodie , Ornelas Cátia , Pianet Isabelle , Aranzaes Jaime Ruiz , Astruc Didier 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWater‐soluble benzoate‐terminated dendrimers of four generations (from G0 with 9 branches to G3 with 243 branches) were synthesized and fully characterized. They form water‐soluble assemblies by ion‐pairing interactions with three cations of medicinal interest (acetylcoline, benzyltriethylammonium, and dopamine), which were characterized and investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopy, whereas such interactions do not provoke any significant shift of 1H NMR signals with the monomeric benzoate anion. The calculated association constants confirm that the dendritic carboxylate termini reversibly form ion pairs and aggregates. Diffusion coefficients and hydrodynamic diameters of the dendrimers, as well as changes thereof on interaction with the cations, were evaluated by DOSY experiments. The lack of increase of dendrimer size on addition of the cations and the upfield shifts of the 1H NMR signals of the cation indicate encapsulation within the hydrophobic dendrimer interiors together with probable backfolding of the benzoate termini.