bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mass and particle size distribution of household dust on children’s hands
Authors: Fayad-Martinez Cristina , Gidley Maribeth , Roca Matthew A. , Nitta Ryuichi , Pourmand Ali , Sharifi Arash , Adelabu Foluke , Honan Jenna K. , Ogunseye Olusola Olabisi , Beamer Paloma I. , Solo-Gabriele Helena , Ferguson Alesia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Children are vulnerable to household dust exposure; however, to date, a handful of studies simultaneously report both the mass and particle size of household dust found on children’s hands after natural indoor play activities.

Objective
Evaluate a new approach to measure dust loading and characterize particle size on a child’s hands using a Coulter Counter.

Methods
The volume of particles rinsed off children’s hands was measured through counting and sizing particles (using a Coulter Counter), followed by multiplying the particle volume by the density of dust collected from the home. This mass was then normalized per total hand surface area to obtain dust loading on children’s hands. Results were compared by region (North Carolina, Florida, Arizona), age groups (6 months to 6 years), and social demographics (gender, race, ethnicity) for 101 children.

Results
The estimated median density for household dust was 1.54 g/cm3, with an average of 1.58 g/cm3 (SD = 0.43). The overall median dust loading on children’s hands was 11.13 μg/cm2 (per total hand surface area), with a range of 0.004–167.6 μg/cm2. No statistical difference was observed by region, age, nor social demographics (p > 0.05). The majority of particles (90%) from children’s hand rinses had a diameter (D90,v) <35 μm; however, these small particles represent a fraction of the total mass. This new approach succeeded at obtaining dust loadings and particle size simultaneously from the same sample, in contrast to current methods that would have required multiple methods and sample types.

Impact Statement
Children are vulnerable to household dust due to their play behavior; however, to date, limited measurements are available for the mass and particle size of dust on children’s hands after natural indoor play activities. We propose a new approach to facilitate dust loading measurements, while also obtaining the particle size of dust, through the usage of a Coulter Counter. Results showed that 90% of particles were <35 μm, which is four times smaller than the current guidelines threshold (150 μm) for risk assessments that utilize estimates for particles found on hands.
Golgi-restored vesicular replenishment retards bone aging and empowers aging bone regeneration
Authors: Liu Peisheng , Guo Hao , Huang Xiaoyao , Liu Anqi , Zhu Ting , Zheng Chenxi , Fu Fei , Zhang Kaichao , Li Shijie , Luo Xinyan , Tian Jiongyi , Jin Yan , Xuan Kun , Sui Bingdong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Healthy aging is a common goal for humanity and society, and one key to achieving it is the rejuvenation of senescent resident stem cells and empowerment of aging organ regeneration. However, the mechanistic understandings of stem cell senescence and the potential strategies to counteract it remain elusive. Here, we reveal that the aging bone microenvironment impairs the Golgi apparatus thus diminishing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) function and regeneration. Interestingly, replenishment of cell aggregates-derived extracellular vesicles (CA-EVs) rescues Golgi dysfunction and empowers senescent MSCs through the Golgi regulatory protein Syntaxin 5. Importantly, in vivo administration of CA-EVs significantly enhanced the bone defect repair rate and improved bone mass in aging mice, suggesting their therapeutic value for treating age-related osteoporosis and promoting bone regeneration. Collectively, our findings provide insights into Golgi regulation in stem cell senescence and bone aging, which further highlight CA-EVs as a potential rejuvenative approach for aging bone regeneration.
LncRNA PVT1 links estrogen receptor alpha and the polycomb repressive complex 2 in suppression of pro-apoptotic genes in hormone-responsive breast cancer
Authors: Melone Viola , Palumbo Domenico , Palo Luigi , Brusco Noemi , Salvati Annamaria , Tarallo Antonietta , Giurato Giorgio , Rizzo Francesca , Nassa Giovanni , Weisz Alessandro , Tarallo Roberta 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
RNA-based therapeutics highlighted novel approaches to target either coding or noncoding molecules for multiple diseases treatment. In breast cancer (BC), a multitude of deregulated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as potential therapeutic targets also in the context of antiestrogen resistance, and the RNA binding activity of the estrogen receptor α (ERα) points additional potential candidates to interfere with estrogenic signaling. A set of lncRNAs was selected among ERα-associated RNAs in BC cell nuclei due to their roles in processes such as transcriptional regulation and epigenetic chromatin modifications. Native immunoprecipitation of nuclear ERα-interacting RNAs coupled to NGS (RIP-Seq) was performed in MCF-7 cells, leading to the identification of essential lncRNAs interacting with the receptor in multi-molecular regulatory complexes. Among these, PVT1, FGD5-AS1 and EPB41L4A-AS1 were selected for further investigation. Functional assays and transcriptome analysis following lncRNA knock-down indicated PVT1 as the master modulator of some of the most relevant BC hallmarks, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and response to hypoxia. In addition, targeted experiments identified PVT1 as a key factor in the composition of PRC2-ERα network involved in downregulation of tumor suppressor genes, including BTG2.
Dietary supplements and prevention of preeclampsia
Authors: Ushida Takafumi , Tano Sho , Matsuo Seiko , Fuma Kazuya , Imai Kenji , Kajiyama Hiroaki , Kotani Tomomi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a common pregnancy complication characterized by hypertension, proteinuria, and end-organ dysfunction. However, to date, no effective treatment has been established other than iatrogenic delivery, and the importance of prevention as an alternative approach to addressing PE has been emphasized. There is growing evidence on the effectiveness of pharmacological and non-pharmacological prophylaxis in preventing PE. In this review, we focused on dietary supplements as non-pharmacological prophylaxis for PE. Calcium is a well-documented supplement for the prevention of PE. Daily 500 mg calcium supplementation can roughly halve the risk of PE in settings where calcium intake is low, including in Japan. According to recent systematic reviews and network meta-analyses, current evidence on the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation is inconsistent. Although vitamin D is a candidate for the prevention of PE, future large-scale randomized control trials are necessary to draw definitive conclusions. We also reviewed other dietary supplements, including vitamins (vitamins A, B6, C, and E, folic acid, and multivitamins), minerals (magnesium, zinc, and iron), amino acids (l-arginine and l-carnitine), anti-oxidants (lycopene, resveratrol, and astaxanthin), and other agents (omega-3 fatty acids, coenzyme Q10, melatonin, and s-equol). In this study, we provide a comprehensive approach to help develop better preventive strategies and ultimately reduce the burden of PE.
Prion protein promotes copper toxicity in Wilson disease
Authors: Petruzzelli Raffaella , Catalano Federico , Crispino Roberta , Polishchuk Elena V. , Elia Mariantonietta , Masone Antonio , Lavigna Giada , Grasso Anna , Battipaglia Maria , Sepe Lucia Vittoria , Akdogan Banu , Reinold Quirin , Del Prete Eugenio , Carrella Diego , Torella Annalaura , Nigro Vincenzo , Caruso Enrico , Innocenti Nicole , Biasini Emiliano , Puchkova Ludmila V. , Indrieri Alessia , Ilyechova Ekaterina Y. , Piccolo Pasquale , Zischka Hans , Chiesa Roberto , Polishchuk Roman S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a vitally important micronutrient, whose balance between essential and toxic levels requires a tightly regulated network of proteins. Dysfunction in key components of this network leads to the disruption of Cu homeostasis, resulting in fatal disorders such as Wilson disease, which is caused by mutations in the hepatic Cu efflux transporter ATP7B. Unfortunately, the molecular targets for normalizing Cu homeostasis in Wilson disease remain poorly understood. Here, using genome-wide screening, we identified the cellular prion protein (PrP) as an important mediator of Cu toxicity in WD. Loss of ATP7B stimulates hepatic expression of PrP, which promotes endocytic Cu uptake, leading to toxic Cu overload. Suppression of PrP significantly reduces Cu toxicity in cell and animal models of Wilson disease. These findings highlight the critical regulatory role of PrP in copper metabolism and open new avenues for exploring the therapeutic potential of PrP suppression in Wilson disease.
Artificial intelligence for direct-to-physician reporting of ambulatory electrocardiography
Authors: Johnson L. S. , Zadrozniak P. , Jasina G. , Grotek-Cuprjak A. , Andrade J. G. , Svennberg E. , Diederichsen S. Z. , McIntyre W. F. , Stavrakis S. , Benezet-Mazuecos J. , Krisai P. , Iakobishvili Z. , Laish-Farkash A. , Bhavnani S. , Ljungström E. , Bacevicius J. , van Vreeswijk N. L. , Rienstra M. , Spittler R. , Marx J. A. , Oraii A. , Miracle Blanco A. , Lozano A. , Mustafina I. , Zafeiropoulos S. , Bennett R. , Bisson J. , Linz D. , Kogan Y. , Glazer E. , Marincheva G. , Rahkovich M. , Shaked E. , Ruwald M. H. , Haugan K. , Węcławski J. , Radoslovich G. , Jamal S. , Brandes A. , Matusik P. T. , Manninger M. , Meyre P. B. , Blum S. , Persson A. , Måneheim A. , Hammarlund P. , Fedorowski A. , Wodaje T. , Lewinter C. , Juknevicius V. , Jakaite R. , Shen C. , Glotzer T. , Platonov P. , Engström G. , Benz A. P. , Healey J. S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Developments in ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) technology have led to vast amounts of ECG data that currently need to be interpreted by human technicians. Here we tested an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for direct-to-physician reporting of ambulatory ECGs. Beat-by-beat annotation of 14,606 individual ambulatory ECG recordings (mean duration = 14 ± 10 days) was performed by certified ECG technicians (n = 167) and an ensemble AI model, called DeepRhythmAI. To compare the performance of the AI model and the technicians, a random sample of 5,235 rhythm events identified by the AI model or by technicians, of which 2,236 events were identified as critical arrhythmias, was selected for annotation by one of 17 cardiologist consensus panels. The mean sensitivity of the AI model for the identification of critical arrhythmias was 98.6% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 97.7–99.4), as compared to 80.3% (95% CI = 77.3–83.3%) for the technicians. False-negative findings were observed in 3.2/1,000 patients for the AI model versus 44.3/1,000 patients for the technicians. Accordingly, the relative risk of a missed diagnosis was 14.1 (95% CI = 10.4–19.0) times higher for the technicians. However, a higher false-positive event rate was observed for the AI model (12 (interquartile range (IQR) = 6–74)/1,000 patient days) as compared to the technicians (5 (IQR = 2–153)/1,000 patient days). We conclude that the DeepRhythmAI model has excellent negative predictive value for critical arrhythmias, substantially reducing false-negative findings, but at a modest cost of increased false-positive findings. AI-only analysis to facilitate direct-to-physician reporting could potentially reduce costs and improve access to care and outcomes in patients who need ambulatory ECG monitoring.
Initiation of ERAD by the bifunctional complex of Mnl1/Htm1 mannosidase and protein disulfide isomerase
Authors: Zhao Dan , Wu Xudong , Rapoport Tom A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Misfolded glycoproteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen are translocated into the cytosol and degraded by the proteasome, a conserved process called ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the glycan of these proteins is trimmed by the luminal mannosidase Mnl1 (Htm1) to generate a degradation signal. Interestingly, Mnl1 is associated with protein disulfide isomerase (Pdi1). Here we used cryo-electron microscopy, biochemical and in vivo experiments to elucidate how this complex initiates ERAD. The Mnl1–Pdi1 complex first demannosylates misfolded, globular proteins that are recognized through the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Mnl1; Pdi1 causes the CTD to ignore completely unfolded polypeptides. The disulfides of these globular proteins are then reduced by the Pdi1 component of the complex. Mnl1 blocks the canonical oxidative function of Pdi1, allowing it to function as a disulfide reductase in ERAD. The generated unfolded polypeptides can then be translocated across the membrane into the cytosol.
The optimization of calcareous soil cation exchange capacity via the feather hydrolysate and N-P fertilizers integration
Authors: Goda Doaa A. , El-Gamal Eman H. , Rashad Mohamed , Abdel-Fattah Yasser R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Adding organic amendments to agricultural systems as sustainable practices is one of the most important stages toward creating a more sustainable and environmentally friendly food system. By increasing soil fertility and nutritional content, organic fertilizers increase plant productivity. Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) is a vital indicator of soil fertility and plant nutrient availability, which is considered one of the most significant chemical parameters that affect agricultural soil quality. The main goals of the present study were to generate protein lysate from discarded feathers (enriched in different amino acids) through solid-state fermentation using Box-Behnken design (BBD). Then, assess the efficacy of hydrolyzed feather product (as an organic amendment), time, and N-P fertilizers on soil-CEC planted with maize in calcareous soil utilizing an optimization strategy that employed the central composite design and the response surface methodology (RSM). The results revealed that the protein concentration in the customized conditions was 1173.53 µg ml−1. With a predicted CEC of 31.416 cmolc kg−1, the ideal circumstances for the three variables under investigation of feather hydrolysate, time, and chemical fertilizer were 20.147 ml kg−1 soil, 27 days, and 42.3% of the recommended dose, respectively. Using keratin hydrolysate (20 ml kg−1 soil) as a soil amendment significantly improved the growth parameters of maize. The leaf surface area (SA, m2 gm−1) was increased by 695% and 37% compared to the control (without any addition) and N-P fertilizer treatments (100% of the recommended dose), respectively. Keratin hydrolysate as a sustainable production of value-added organic fertilizer applied to calcareous soil shows a synergistic effect on soil-CEC and plant growth parameters.
Efficacy and safety of the enhanced monofocal intraocular lens in glaucoma of varying severity
Authors: Kim Heesuk , Ahn Junyeong , Seo Minju , Bae Hyoung Won , Kim Chan Yun , Choi Wungrak 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study evaluates the safety and visual outcomes of enhanced monofocal intraocular lenses compared to standard monofocal intraocular lenses in patients with varying severities of glaucoma. Utilizing data from surgeries performed in 2021, the study involved patients aged 40 and older with visually significant cataracts and diagnosed glaucoma or glaucoma suspects. The findings indicate that both enhanced and standard monofocal lenses lead to significant improvements in best-corrected visual acuity, visual field index, mean deviation, and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness postoperatively. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in the extent of these improvements, suggesting that enhanced monofocal lenses may offer a viable alternative for patients with glaucoma, providing significant visual benefits and potentially better intermediate vision while preserving overall visual function.
99mTc-labeled benzenesulfonamide derivative-entrapped gold citrate nanoparticles as an auspicious tumour targeting
Authors: Selim Adli A. , Sakr Tamer M. , Essa Basma M. , Sayed Galal H. , Anwer Kurls E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Sulfonamide derivatives are a significant class of medicinal compounds. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) offer precise cancer treatment through targeted delivery, boasting high drug-loading capacity and low toxicity. This study aimed to develop and evaluate 99mTc-labeled benzenesulfonamide derivative-entrapped gold citrate nanoparticles as a tumor-targeting agent. A novel benzenesulfonamide derivative bearing a pyridine moiety was synthesized. Compound 3 (4-((3-cyano-4-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-6-phenylpyridin-2-yl)amino)-N-(diaminomethylene)benzenesulfonamide) exhibited remarkable anti-cancer activity against MCF-7 cells. The chemical reduction method was employed to create compound 3-citrate-AuNPs. A comprehensive examination of the synthesized nano-platform was conducted, including zeta potential, size analysis, radiochemical yield, and in-vivo biodistribution in tumor-bearing mice. The nano-platform was successfully produced with good stability, optimal particle size (9 nm diameter for AuNPs), and high radiochemical purity for [99mTc]Tc-compound 3 (88.31 ± 2.14%). In-vivo investigations revealed that intravenously administered [99mTc]Tc-compound 3-citrate-AuNPs accumulated in tumors with a high target-to-non-target ratio. The findings validate the efficacy of the novel [99mTc]Tc-compound 3-citrate-AuNPs platform as a tumor-targeting agent.
Artificial neural network analysis of Jeffrey hybrid nanofluid with gyrotactic microorganisms for optimizing solar thermal collector efficiency
Authors: Kumar Anup , Sharma Bhupendra K. , Almohsen Bandar , Pérez Laura M. , Urbanowicz Kamil 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article investigates solar energy storage due to the Jeffrey hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganisms through a porous medium for parabolic trough solar collectors. The mechanism of thermophoresis and Brownian motion for the graphene and silver nanoparticles are also encountered in the suspension of water-based heat transfer fluid. The gyrotactic microorganisms have the ability to move in an upward direction in the nanofluid mixture, which enhances the nanoparticle stability and fluid mixing in the suspension. Mathematical modeling of the governing equations uses the conservation principles of mass, momentum, energy, concentration, and microorganism concentration. The non-similar variables are introduced to the dimensional governing equations to get the non-dimensional ordinary differential equations. The Cash and Carp method is implemented to solve the non-dimensional equations. The artificial neural network is also developed for the non-dimensional governing equations using the Levenberg Marquardt algorithm. Numerical findings corresponding to the diverse parameters influencing the nanofluid flow and heat transfer are presented in the graphs. The thermal profiles are observed to be enhanced with the escalation in the Darcy and Forchheimer parameters. And the Nusselt number enhances with the escalation in the Deborah number and retardation time parameter. Entropy generation reduces with an enhancement in Deborah number and retardation time parameter. Solar energy is the best renewable energy source. It can fulfill the energy requirements for the growth of industries and engineering applications.
Densely vascularized thick 3D tissue shows enhanced protein secretion constructed with intermittent positive pressure
Authors: Katsuura Misako , Homma Jun , Higashi Yuhei , Sekine Hidekazu , Shimizu Tatsuya 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Constructing a dense vascular endothelial network within engineered tissue is crucial for successful engraftment. The present study investigated the effects of air-compressing intermittent positive pressure (IPP) on co-cultured mesenchymal stem cells and vascular endothelial cells and evaluated the potential of IPP-cultured cell sheets for transplantation therapy. The results demonstrated that the IPP (+) group exhibited a denser vascular endothelial network and significantly increased cell sheet thickness compared to the IPP (-) group. Furthermore, in vivo experiments showed that IPP-cultured cell sheets enhanced the secretion of Gaussian luciferase by genetically modified mesenchymal stem cells. These findings highlight the IPP method as a technique that simultaneously enables the thickening of planar tissues and the construction of vascular networks. This approach demonstrates promise for fabricating functional, transplantable, and thick tissues with dense vascularization and a high capacity for protein secretion, paving the way for novel applications in regenerative medicine.
Narrowing the gap between machine learning scoring functions and free energy perturbation using augmented data
Authors: Valsson Ísak , Warren Matthew T. , Deane Charlotte M. , Magarkar Aniket , Morris Garrett M. , Biggin Philip C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Machine learning offers great promise for fast and accurate binding affinity predictions. However, current models lack robust evaluation and fail on tasks encountered in (hit-to-) lead optimisation, such as ranking the binding affinity of a congeneric series of ligands, thereby limiting their application in drug discovery. Here, we address these issues by first introducing a novel attention-based graph neural network model called AEV-PLIG (atomic environment vector–protein ligand interaction graph). Second, we introduce a new and more realistic out-of-distribution test set called the OOD Test. We benchmark our model on this set, CASF-2016, and a test set used for free energy perturbation (FEP) calculations, that not only highlights the competitive performance of AEV-PLIG, but provides a realistic assessment of machine learning models with rigorous physics-based approaches. Moreover, we demonstrate how leveraging augmented data (generated using template-based modelling or molecular docking) can significantly improve binding affinity prediction correlation and ranking on the FEP benchmark (weighted mean PCC and Kendall’s τ increases from 0.41 and 0.26 to 0.59 and 0.42). These strategies together are closing the performance gap with FEP calculations (FEP+ achieves weighted mean PCC and Kendall’s τ of 0.68 and 0.49 on the FEP benchmark) while being ~400,000 times faster.
Universal relations and bounds for fluctuations in quasistatic small heat engines
Authors: Ito Kosuke , Xu Guo-Hua , Jiang Chao , Roldán Édgar , Rica-Alarcón Raúl A. , Martínez Ignacio A. , Watanabe Gentaro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The efficiency of any heat engine, defined as the ratio of average work output to heat input, is bounded by Carnot’s celebrated result. However, this measure is insufficient to characterize the properties of miniaturized heat engines carrying non-negligible fluctuations, and a study of higher-order statistics of their energy exchanges is required. Here, we generalize Carnot’s result for reversible cycles to arbitrary order moment of the work and heat fluctuations. Our results show that, in the quasistatic limit, higher-order statistics of a small engine’s energetics depend solely on the ratio between the temperatures of the thermal baths. We further prove that our result for the second moment gives universal bounds for the ratio between the variances of work and heat for quasistatic cycles. We test this theory with our previous experimental results of a Brownian Carnot engine and observe the consistency between them, even beyond the quasistatic regime. Our results can be exploited in the design of thermal nanomachines to reduce their fluctuations of work output without marginalizing its average value and efficiency.