bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene as a microvascular graft: An experimental study
Authors: Lidman Disa H. , Faibisoff Burt , Daniel Rollin K. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe patency rates of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) vascular grafts with internal diameters of 1.0–3.0 mm were evaluated in three different species (dogs, rabbits, and rats). An overall 2‐week patency rate of 14 (23%) of 60 was obtained, with the exception of 10 (83%) of 12 grafts 1.8 mm in diameter inserted in the carotid arteries of rabbits. The presence of numerous variables in the structural properties of PTFE may explain the variable results reported in the literature and this study. Heparinization did not improve the results, nor did modification in suture technique. At the present time, PTFE cannot be considered an equivalent to or a substitute for autogenous vein grafts in microvascular surgery.
Intramuscular urography in rats
Authors: Lamesch Alfred J. , Schreiner Bernard 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn addition to macroscopic studies, microscopic studies, and biologic tests, urography is a valuable method for investigating renal function in rats. Intravenous urography is complicated, however, by the difficulty of puncturing a tail vein or the femoral vein. Intramuscular urography, on the other hand, is a simple and reliable method for radiographic examination of the kidneys and ureters, and gives information on morphology as well as physiology. In this study in 40 rats, intramuscular urography was performed under general anesthesia, and the contrast medium was injected into the gluteal muscles. Dense nephrograms and optimum films of the calices and the ureters were obtained approximately 40 minutes after injection.
Use of a tilted double clamp in microvascular anastomosis
Authors: Hendel P. M. , Buncke Harry J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA tilted or angulated double microvascular clamp is described that, when applied to the vessels to be anastomosed, presents the vessel ends angulated upward facing the surgeon, so that the initial suturing of the posterior wall can be completed without rotating the vessel. Such a clamp is valuable in clinical situations where space is limited and where conventional double clamps cannot be rotated in the usual fashion.
Microarterial prostheses of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene
Authors: Watanabe Katsueki 
Published: March 2007

AbstractForty grafts of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with an inside diameter of 1.5 mm were placed in the femoral arteries of rabbits. The telescoped technique was used for the anastomoses. The animals were sacrificed at intervals beginning the day after implantation. Four of the grafts lost patency and one graft had a remarkable degree of intimal hypertrophy. The remaining grafts developed thin neointimal formations and remained patent up to 7 months after implantation. The overall patency rate was 90%. Neointimization was established 35 to 90 days following surgery. The formation of neointima began at the anastomotic sites and extended into the grafts. It is concluded that PTFE prostheses can be used for grafting arteries as small as 1.0–1.2 mm in diameter, which up to now had been considered impossible.
Platelets, prostaglandins, and pateny in microvascular surgery
Authors: Change Wallace H. J. , Petry Judith J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn light of recent research dealing with the proaggregatory and antiaggregatory effects of prostaglandins on the primary hemostatic event of platelet aggregation, we suggest that patency in microvascular surgery be viewed from a new perspective. The sequence of events in platelet aggregation and the effects of the products of arachidonic acid metabolism on these events are reviewed. Drugs affecting platelet aggregation are classified according to their sites of action. In particular, heparin, dextran, and aspirin are discussed in relation to new information regarding their effects on arachidonic acid metabolism. Original early experimental work and clinical reports from the literature are discussed with a view toward future directions for research in improving patency in microvascular surgery.
Limb preservation for reimplantation. A review
Authors: Kaufman Howard H. , Huchton John D. , Patten Bernard M. , Vogel Robert G. , Adler Susan K. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAlthough reimplantation of severed limbs and other parts of the body has become prevalent in recent years, the questions of how best to preserve limbs for reimplantation and how to determine if a transected part is viable have not been fully answered. The problem of preservation involves combating direct anoxic damage to tissue as well as combating the changes in the vascular system that lead to the “no reflow phenomenon.” Current information concerning kidney preservation as well as experimental and clinical reports on limb preservation are reviewed in this article, and suggestions are made for further investigations.
Successful replantation of four fingers by a single common digital artery anastomosis
Authors: Nakamura Junji , Kinoshita Yukihiro , Hama Hiroki , Ishimori Yoshiro , Kasai Shoji 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe replantation of 4 digits of 1 hand was attempted in a patient who had completely amputated his fingers at the level of the metacarpophalangeal joints. Anastomosis of the severed ends of the third common volar digital artery proved to be successful not only in re‐establishing arterial circulation in the middle and ring fingers but also in the index and little fingers, as evidenced by survival of the digits and as evaluated by postoperative angiography. The reasons for this success are discussed in light of anatomic studies.
An international program for the assessment of tubal anastomosis by microsurgical technique: A preliminary report
Authors: Rock John A. , Burkman Ronald T. , Genadry René , King Theodore M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis report outlines a microsurgical training program that has established 16 centers around the world for the reversal of sterilization by microsurgical technique and for the evaluation of such procedures. An obstetrician‐gynecologist was selected from each of several developing countries where an existing family planning program was responsible for a large number of sterilization procedures. Each course participant attended a 2‐week course in microsurgical techniques for tubal anastomosis and then returned to his or her home country to establish a microsurgical center for sterilization reversal. Each of these centers has since been evaluated by the program director and is fully operational.
Special eyeglasses for use in microsurgery
Authors: Lamesch Alfred J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSpecial eyeglasses, designed to be used with the operating microscope, are described. These eyeglasses, which fit inside the eyecups of the oculars of the microscope, give the wearer a better view through the microscope than do conventional glasses and at the same time enable him to shift his vision to the surgical field or the instrument table without a sacrifice in clarity. Because they permit the wearer to maintain the eyecups of the oculars in the “up” position, the eyeglasses also prevent interference from outside illumination.
Microlumbar discectomy: Follow‐up of 477 patients
Authors: Goald Harold J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA survey of the surgical experience with microlumbar discectomy in 477 patients over a 4.3‐year period is presented. A good result was obtained in more than 90% of the patients and morbidity was negligible. Photographs of the various phases of the microsurgical procedure are included. This conservative operation is a worthwhile alternative in the treatment of herniated lumbar discs because the postoperative pain is minimal and does not require treatment with narcotics, early ambulation is possible, there is no need for transfusion, the surgery is brief, and the postoperative stay is only about 3 days.
Microvascular free transfer of iliac bone based on the deep circumflex iliac vessels
Authors: Huang G. K. , Liu Z. Z. , Shen Y. L. , Hu R. Q. , Miao H. , Yin Z. Y. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe findings from dissections, injection studies, and angiograms of 180 specimens of the anterior portion of left and right iliac crests taken from 90 cadavers are reported. These findings suggested that the deep circumflex iliac vessels were suitable for use as a nutritive pedicle in microvascular free transfer of iliac bone. Therefore, the technique of microvascular free transfer of iliac bone based on these vessels was developed and applied clinically in 2 cases with good results. The advantages and disadvantages of using the superficial circumflex iliac vessels or the deep circumflex iliac vessels as the vascular pedicle for iliac bone grafts also are discussed.
Handling properties and thrombogenicity of microsutures
Authors: Krag Christen , Larsen J⊘Rn , Reumert Torsten 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe thrombogenicity and handling properties of 1 polypropylene and 2 polyamide 10‐0 microsuture materials were evaluated in a paired comparative study in rats. Using a sequential analysis method with significance limits corresponding to 2 α = 0.05 and β = 0.05, it was found that the handling properties of Supramide (polyamide) sutures were better than those of Prolene (polypropylene), and that the handling properties of Prolene did not differ from those of Nylon (polyamide). Also using a sequential analysis method with significance limits corresponding to 2 α = 0.05 and β = 0.02, it was found that the thrombogenicity of Prolene was significantly less than the thrombogenicity of Supramide and Nylon. It is concluded that Prolene is the microsuture of choice among the three materials tested.
Photographing microsurgery—still and dynamic techniques
Authors: Katzenberg Barbara 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPhotographic documentation has come to play an important role in the teaching of and research in microsurgery. Although microsurgical recording shares with conventional surgical recording such considerations as photographic technique and the maintenance of a sterile field, there are several additional problems peculiar to photographing microsurgery. Setting up the microscope to guarantee sharp focus on the film plane is crucial to obtaining high quality results, and the use of a high‐intensity light source is equally important. The different media of still photography, motion pictures, and video recording all have advantages, and the physician must judge which method best suits his needs.
Revascularization of the heart by laser
Authors: Mirhoseini Mahmood , Cayton Mary M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe possibility of revascularizing the myocardium with high‐energy laser was investigated based on the finding that the laser beam could produce small channels in the tissue of the myocardium that were devoid of debris and scarring. The technique was investigated in 4 groups of 6 mongrel dogs each. In 3 of the groups, the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery was ligated above the first diagonal branch and the myocardium was treated with the laser energy according to the protocol of that group. In the fourth control group, the LAD artery was ligated but the myocardium was not subjected to laser treatment. In the first 3 groups, the myocardium was protected by the channels produced by the application of the laser energy. The animals were subsequently sacrificed at various intervals. In the control group, all of the animals died within 20 minutes of ligation of the artery. At autopsy, the epicardial sites of the channels created by the laser were clearly visible and a lack of charring in the channels was demonstrated. The penetration through the endocardial surface could be demonstrated. Microscopically, the channels were patent and endothelialized. It is concluded that the channels created in the myocardium effectively helped to protect the myocardium from acute coronary artery occlusion in this model in dogs.
Revascularization of autotransplanted ovine eyes by microsurgical anastomosis
Authors: Sher Herman 
Published: March 2007

AbstractMicrosurgical techniques are used to anastomose the ciliary and internal ophthalmic arteries and veins of the autotransplanted eyes of sheep to restore the circulation. Microscopic inspection and fluorescein angiography showed early patency of the anastomoses and the return of circulation to the retinal vessels. The applications of such an experimental model are discussed.
A simplified model for heterotopic heart transplantation in rats
Authors: Lee Sun , Lee Donald , Curtis Guy P. , Orloff Marshall J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn a new simplified model, heterotopic heart transplants in rats function normally with only an aortoaortic anastomosis when one of the 5 lobes of the lungs is attached to the transplant. If an attempt is made to remove the remaining lobe of the lung, the heart dilates, fibrillates, and eventually stops beating. Since the surgery is not very complicated, this procedure can be performed by nonsurgeons in an unhurried manner with minimal training.
Survival of a myocutaneous free flap after prolonged ischemia: A case report
Authors: Takayanagi Susumu , Tsukie Tomio 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA case is presented in which a myocutaneous free flap survived with only superficial marginal necrosis after being subjected to 15 hours of ischemia. The role of hypothermia and perfusion in preserving the flap are discussed.
Use of small diameter synthetic grafts in carotid bypasses in rats
Authors: Young Paul H. , Yasargil M. Gazi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractVascular prostheses of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene were tested as microvascular synthetic substitutes in a carotid bypass model in rats. Poor patency rates (28%) were obtained with this material when compared with the rates obtained in homologous arterial grafts (100%). It is concluded that expanded polytetrafluoroethylene is unacceptable for use as a 1 mm vascular conduit.
The effect of temperature on tolerance to ischemia in experimental free flaps
Authors: Cooley Brian C. , Hansen Frederick C. , Dellon A. Lee 
Published: March 2007

AbstractExtended groin flaps in rats were used to explore the relationship of time and temperature of ischemic storage to the ultimate survival of free flaps. The maximum period of ischemia with 100% survival was found to be six hours for storage at a normothermic range (20‐ 25‐ C) and 48 hours for storage at a hypothermic range (0‐ 5 C). This study confirms the findings of others that cooling of tissue increases the interval of ischemic storage in which composite tissue can withstand and still survive.
Microlymphaticovenous anastomosis for treating lymphedema of the extremities and external genitalia
Authors: Gong‐Kang Huang , Ru‐Qi Hu , Zong‐Zhao Liu , Yao‐Liang Shen , Tie‐De Lan , Gong‐Ping Pan 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThirteen patients with secondary obstructive lymphedema of the upper and lower extremities were treated by microlymphaticovenous anastomosis. The immediate and long‐term results have been very satisfactory. An average reduction in the circumference of the affected limb of 6.2 cm was obtained, and subjective symptoms and objective signs were improved. No correlation was established between the quality of the results and the duration of the lymphedema or the number of anastomoses employed in treating it. On the basis of microlymphaticovenous surgery for lymphedema of the extremities, the authors also developed a microlymphaticovenous procedure to treat lymphedema of the external genitalia and applied it clinically in two patients. Good results were obtained in both instances. The operative techniques and four case histories are described, and the advantages of microlymphaticovenous anastomosis, the selection of patients, and the factors required for success of the surgery are discussed.
Free vascularized fibular graft for replacement of the radius after excision of giant cell tumor: Case report
Authors: Okada Tadahiko , Tsukada Sadao , Obara Kazunori , Yasuda Yukio , Kitayama Yoshiaki 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA case is reported in which a giant cell tumor of the distal end of the radius was treated by massive resection and reconstruction with a free vascularized bone graft taken from the fibula. The postoperative course was uneventful. Angiograms made eight weeks after surgery showed patent anastomoses. One year after surgery there was no evidence of recurrence of the tumor, and roentgenograms showed no degenerative changes and bony union with hypertrophy at the junction of the radius and the graft. An excellent clinical result was obtained, and the patient was able to return to his original occupation as an illustrator.
Heparin and small caliber polytetrafluoroethylene grafts in the carotid arteries of rats
Authors: Barry Kevin J. , Scott R. Michael , Keough Ellen M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPolytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts having an internal diameter of 1 mm were implanted in the common carotid arteries of rats with or without the simultaneous application of various heparin regimens. Graft patency was determined from postoperative angiograms, and grafts that were patent 40 days after surgery were harvested for light microscopic examination. The level of anticoagulation produced by the various heparin regimens was measured in separate groups of rats and found to be clinically therapeutic. All of the grafts from rats that did not receive heparin were occluded at 24 hours. In the two groups of rats that received high doses of heparin, 5 of 10 and 4 of 11 grafts were patent 40 days postoperatively. There were no patent grafts three days postoperatively in the group receiving low doses of heparin. The grafts that were patent 40 days postoperatively had lumens that were completely lined with presumptive endothelial cells. Further laboratory experimentation is needed before PTFE small caliber grafts can be recommended for use in humans.
Experimental carotid artery aneurysms in rats:A new model for microsurgical practice
Authors: Young Paul H. , Yasargil M. Gazi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new method for producing experimental arterial aneurysms in rats is described. The aneurysms created by this technique resemble the intracranial aneurysms seen clinically in their gross and histologic appearance. The two types of aneurysms are also similar in the skill and techniques required for their microscopic dissection. Using this model, microsurgical techniques for the obliteration of aneurysms can be rehearsed and refined in the laboratory before they are applied clinically.
Quantitative analysis of plasminogen activator in small arteries by modified fibrin plates
Authors: Jacobs Gary R. , Reinisch John F. , Puckett Charles L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe assay of plasminogen activator at the intimal surfaces of arteries less than 2 mm in diameter is possible using streptokinase‐ treated fibrin plates. Femoral arteries obtained from rats showed a reproducible fibrinolysis at their intimal surfaces that could be quantitated for the analysis of plasminogen activator. Utilization of the assay adjusted to the experimental situation would give a method of evaluating changes in the concentration of plasminogen activator at the intimal surface of small arteries when studied under various research conditions.
Treatment of choanal atresia by endonasal microsurgery
Authors: Maher Amr , Belal A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe available literature on the pertinent anatomic and pathologic considerations of posterior choanal atresia is reviewed and the various surgical procedures used to treat the condition are presented. Ten cases of unilateral choanal atresia are discussed and a modified transnasal reconstructive operation using the surgical microscope is described. The advantages of the new technique are discussed.
The study and clinical application of the osteocutaneous flap of fibula
Authors: Chen Zhong‐Wei , Yan Wang 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn this article, four cases of free fibular osteocutaneous flap transfer are reported. The advantages of the bone‐attached flap, its microsurgical anatomy, and its design and method of isolation are discussed in detail. Postoperative follow‐up showed success in all four cases with satisfactory functional recovery.
Critical comparison of transcutaneous PO2 and tissue pH as indices of perfusion
Authors: Raskin Douglas J. , Nathan Ross , Erk Yücel , Spira Melvin 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA critical laboratory evaluation of transcutaneous PO2 monitoring and tissue pH monitoring in lower abdominal island flaps based on the superficial inferior epigastric vessels in rabbits revealed that transcutaneous PO2 values correlate poorly with tissue survival under circumstances of decreased arterial inflow. The inability of the transcutaneous PO2 monitor to accurately predict viability of the flaps in this study is attributed to physiologic changes in the microcirculation and not to instrument error. Tissue pH was, in all instances, a reliable index of the perfusion status of the flaps.
A simplified method for total artirialization of the liver in rats
Authors: Holmin T. , Buchholtz B. , Flati G. , Ivancev K. , Teuscher J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTotal arterialization of the liver appears to be a promising clinical method in preventing or reducing encephalopathy after shunting. A new technique for achieving total arterialization of the liver in rats is described and illustrated. This method is fast, simple, and associated with a high patency rate, even in the hands of relatively inexperienced microsurgeons. It can be recommended as an experimental model for additional studies in rats.
Technical aspects of segmental pancreatic grafting in rats
Authors: Squifflet Jean‐Paul , Sutherland David E. R. , Rynasiewicz John J. , Bentley Frederick C. , Florack Gerd , Najarian John S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractFour techniques for segmental pancreatic transplantation were used sequentially in rats. The success rate and the incidence and type of technical complications that developed in each group of recipients were determined and attempts were made to improve the microsurgical technique. A strict comparison of the relative merits of the four different techniques was not made, but rather the development of an approach to an original technique that resulted in a high success is rate presented. The various modifications and details of this experience are documented. The various complications, each of which results in a typical postoperative pattern of weight and plasma glucose changes and each of which is preventable by the use of proper microsurgical techniques, are also analyzed.
Intercostal nerve transfer in brachial plexus injuries: An experimental study
Authors: Tomita Yoshitsugu , Tsai Tsu‐Min , Burns John T. , Karaoguz Ahmet , Ogden Lynn L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractEighteen adult mongrel dogs underwent unilateral surgical disruption of the brachial plexus. Twelve animals (Group I) had as a second‐stage procedure transfer of T4 and T5 intercostal nerves and their accompanying vascular bundles to the distal musculocutaneous nerve stump. Six animals (Group II) had restoration of musculocutaneous nerve continuity with conventional interpositional sural nerve cable grafts. Group I animals demonstrated significantly better electromyographic evidence of reinnervation and, comparing appearance and weight of operated and unoperated biceps muscles at the time of animal sacrifice, maintained greater gross weight and more normal overall appearance of muscle. Histologic study of muscle tissue showed no significant difference between the two groups whereas musculocutaneous nerve histology distal to all anastomoses revealed less fibrous tissue and a greater number of healthy‐appearing axons in Group I. It is concluded that vascularized intercostal nerve transfer as performed in this study has theoretical advantages over conventional nonvascularized intercostal nerve transfer but additional investigation is required to make this determination. The superiority of vascularized intercostal nerve transfers over conventional interpositional sural nerve cable grafts has been demonstrated.