bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cricopharyngeal achalasia in Cocker Spaniels
Authors: WEAVER A. D. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTCricopharyngeal achalasia is described in three Cocker Spaniel puppies, two being male littermates, the other a bitch from a litter comprising two bitches and two dogs. From 3 weeks of age, solid food was consistently regurgitated, while some fluids were returned via the nares. Diagnosis was made on fluoroscopic demonstration of failure of relaxation of the cricopharyngeal sphincter dorsal to the larynx. Myotomy of the cricopharyngeus muscle and partial section of the thyropharyngeus and oesophageal musculature resulted in considerable improvement. One animal with aspiration pneumonia remained with an occasional cough and all three animals were liable occasionally to regurgitate if eating fast.
Corneal ulceration in the dog
Authors: STARTUP F. G. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTUlceration of the cornea, a common ocular disorder of the dog, is reviewed. Corneal anatomy and physiology and the healing of the cornea are noted, together with the diagnosis of the condition. The many causes of ulceration are discussed and treatment, both general and specific, medical and surgical, is detailed. Finally, the various complications that can follow corneal ulceration are described and a full bibliography is included for further reading.
Echocardiographic and clinical signs of canine dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: LOMBARD CHRISTOPHE W. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical signs, electrocardiograms and echocardiograms of 12 dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy of large breeds and congestive heart failure were reviewed. There was a high prevalence of males (11 dogs) and of the Doberman breed (7 dogs). Seven dogs had atrial fibrillation. The echocardiograms revealed significant increases in left ventricular and left atrial dimensions. The shortening fraction (%ΔD), aortic root excursion and left ventricular wall excursion were all significantly decreased, documenting a decrease in contractile function of the left ventricle that, together with the cardiac enlargement characterize this disease. The advantages of obtaining these functional parameters non‐invasively are emphasized.
Bacteriuria in the dog
Authors: OXENFORD C. J. , LOMAS G. R. , LOVE DARIA N. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe results of a retrospective study of 85 bacteriological cultures on urine samples from 64 dogs is presented. Fifty‐three of the samples produced a pure growth of bacteria and Proteus spp was grown from 24 of those samples while Escherichia coli was grown from 13 samples and Staphylococcus spp from six samples. It was noted that a large majority of the Proteus spp isolates (87.5 per cent) were from females and conversely a large majority of the E. coli isolates 92.3 per cent came from males. A study of conditions concurrent with the urinary tract infection showed that many animals had underlying problems that could compromise the ability of their urinary tracts to withstand invasion by micro‐organisms. The antibiotic sensitivity patterns of E. coli and Proteus spp are discussed and the value of various antimicrobial agents considered.
DL 717‐IT: a non‐hormonal agent for the control of fertility in the bitch
Authors: GALLIANI GIULIO , CARAMEL CARLO , ASSANDRI ALESSANDRO 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe development of a new class of non‐hormonal contragestational agents provided a derivative, 2‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐striazole|5,1‐alisoquinoline (DL 717‐IT or L 12717), with the qualities needed for application in the veterinary field as a post‐coital pregnancy‐terminating agent.Single intramuscular injections of this compound arrest pregnancy over a wide period of gestation in the bitch. A dose of 2.5 mg/kg was found to be very well tolerated and highly effective (100 per cent) when administered between the day of mating and the 15th day of pregnancy. The desired effect was not accompanied by uterine disorders or other unwanted effects.This non‐hormonal agent appears to have several real advantages over the only other drugs (oestrogens) available in veterinary practice for the termination of unwanted pregnancies in bitches.
Necrotizing pulmonary arteritis in a dog with peritoneo‐pericardial diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: TURK M. A. M. , TURK J. R. , RANTANEN N. W. , BOND B. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA 4‐month‐old male, miniature Schnauzer had dyspnoea of 4 days duration, cyanosis, grade II/VI systolic murmur and jugular pulse. The presence of intestinal loops in the pericardial sac was detected by radiography. Repair of the peritoneo‐pericardial diaphragmatic hernia did not improve the clinical condition of the puppy, which died on the day of surgery. Pulmonary arterial medial hypertrophy, necrotizing pulmonary arteritis, and right ventricular hypertrophy were diagnosed post mortem.
Metastasis of osteosarcoma to the bladder in a Finnish harrier: a case report
Authors: PAUL ROBERT , ILLUKKA TUOMAS , TALVIO TIMO , JOHANSSON RISTO , KIURU AARO , SÖDERSTROM KARL‐OVE 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTOsteosarcoma has not been previously reported to have metastasized to the urinary bladder in the dog. Here such a case is reported; the diagnosis was based on clinical, radiological, scintigraphic and histological verification of the primary and metastatic tumours.
Obstructive cholelithiasis and gall bladder rupture in a dog
Authors: HARRIS S. J. , SIMPSON J. W. , THODAY K. L. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe literature on canine cholelithiasis is briefly reviewed. Details of a case of gall bladder rupture secondary to cholelithiasis in a six‐year‐old, neutered female, German shepherd dog are presented. The cholelith was found to be of amorphous composition and consisted of bilirubin and bile salts, with small amounts of calcium, phosphorus and cholesterol. These findings are compared with previous reports of canine choleliths.
Progressive lymphocytic cholangitis in the cat
Authors: LUCKE VANDA M. , DAVIES J. D. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA distinct type of liver disease is described in 21 cats. It is characterized morphologically by monolobular fibrosis, lymphocytic infiltrates which surround and permeate bile ducts and proliferation of bile ductules of varying intensity. The most common clinical signs are ascites, jaundice and hypergammaglobulinaemia. The condition appears to progress through an active stage of intense lymphocytic infiltration and proliferation of bile ductules to a stage of progressive monolobular fibrosis which results in distortion of liver architecture. The rate of progression is very variable.The condition differs from that of ascending or suppurative cholangitis described in the cat and bears only superficial resemblances to various forms of cholangitis in man and other species. At present the aetiology is unknown but it is suggested that genetic and immunological factors may predispose certain animals to produce hepatic lesions after exposure to a variety of environmental factors.
Some considerations when nursing birds in veterinary premises
Authors: COLES B. H. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThis paper indicates the need for, and the benefits to be gained by, better standards of avian nursing. The subject is approached by a discussion of the behaviour of birds in general and suggests ways in which stress in the hospitalized bird can be reduced to the minimum. The dangers of young birds becoming imprinted are emphasized. The contrasts between mammalian and avian anatomy, particularly of the respiratory and renal systems, are considered together with the implications when nursing birds. There is a discussion of the avian metabolic rate, the nutrition of sick birds, and some indications for physiotherapy in birds are mentioned.
Six cases of progressive retinal atrophy in Abyssinian cats
Authors: CARLILE J. L. , CARRINGTON S. D. , BEDFORD P. G. C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTSix cases of a type of progressive retinal atrophy in Abyssinian cats are recorded. This condition appears to be late in onset (approximately six years of age) and progresses relatively slowly after its initial appearance in the central retina. Only cats which reach an advanced age appear to become completely blind as a result of disease progression. Histopathological findings from one case are described and the condition is discussed and contrasted with previously published cases of progressive retinal atrophy in the breed.
Familial renal disease in Soft‐coated Wheaten Terriers
Authors: ERIKSEN K. , GRÖNDALEN J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTIn two litters of Soft‐coated Wheaten Terriers, having the same parents, chronic renal failure developed in five out of ten dogs. The dogs died, or were destroyed on humane grounds, at 7 to 30 months of age.Clinical signs were inappetence, weight loss, vomiting, depression and, in two cases, polydipsia and polyuria. The laboratory data revealed isosthenuria, non‐regenerative anaemia, extremely high serum urea nitrogen, and creatinine values.Pathoanatomical findings included small kidneys with an irregular and pale external surface. Cortical lesions were mostly segmental in distribution, and consisted of loss of glomerular elements and increased interstitial connective tissue. Medullary lesions were severe, diffuse in distribution, and consisted of loss of tubules and proliferation of connective tissue.The clinical, laboratory, and pathoanatomical findings show similarities to renal diseases seen in young dogs of other breeds.
Breed associations of canine ectopic ureter: a study of 217 female cases
Authors: HAYES HOWARD M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTEctopic ureter has been diagnosed in 228 dogs collectively at 15 North American university veterinary medical teaching hospitals over a 17 year reporting period. The female‐to‐male ratio was 217:11. Among female dogs, six breeds (Siberian husky, Newfoundland, bulldog. West Highland white terrier, fox terrier, and miniature and toy poodle), representing more than half of the total cases, were identified with significantly greater frequency of diagnosis than expected by their representation in the overall hospital population. The strength of association in certain purebred dogs, plus the significant deficit in mongrel dogs supports the likelihood that familial genetics are responsible for a substantial amount of the occurrence of this defect.
High pressure pulsatile lavage and high pressure syringe lavage in the treatment of contaminated wounds in dogs
Authors: NDIKUWERA J. , WINSTANLEY E. W. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe effectiveness of high pressure pulsatile lavage and syringe lavage in cleansing experimentally contaminated and infected wounds was studied. Such treatment significantly (P < 0.05) lowered the bacterial counts in contaminated wounds, but high pressure pulsatile lavage caused extensive damage to tissue and was considered to be unsuitable for treatment of wounds in the loose skin areas of the dog. Both pulsatile and syringe lavage caused significant (P < 0.05), but transient, reduction in the bacterial counts in infected wounds but both methods failed to lower the wound bacterial counts to 105 or less. Successive wound biopsies for quantitative bacterial analysis showed that syringe lavage with povidone‐iodine caused greater reduction in bacterial numbers than did pulsatile lavage with povidone‐iodine. Combination of high pressure syringe lavage with povidone‐iodine and systemic penicillin‐streptomycin given at the time of lavage sufficiently reduced the bacterial numbers to allow for safe closure of the wounds.
Oestrogen‐induced alopecia in a bitch
Authors: WATSON A. D. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTAn 8‐year‐old, spayed female Labrador Retriever, which had been treated with oestrogens for urinary incontinence, developed non‐pruritic, bilaterally‐symmetrical alopecia and skin hyperpigmentation, with enlargement of mammary glands and vulva. Skin biopsy changes were consistent with an endocrine alopecia, hypothyroidism and hyperadrenocorticism were excluded by hormonal tests. Oestrogen‐induced alopecia was suspected and hormonal treatment withdrawn. Two months later, hair regrowth was almost complete and genital changes were lessened.
Diaphragmatic rupture and biliary tract damage in a dog
Authors: DONALD C. L. , LEE R. , SULLIVAN M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA 9‐month‐old bitch was presented with respiratory distress 7 days after a road traffic accident. Radiographs showed a severe hydrothorax and moderate ascites. The removal of bile‐stained fluid by thoracentesis reduced the dyspnoea. A diaphragmatic and a hepatic duct rupture were found and repaired at laparotomy. A biliary peritonitis and pleuritis was present. A blood bilirubin of 67 μmol/1 and elevated serum enzymes were present prior to surgery. These changes were largely reversed once the leakage was stopped.
Experimental induction of secretory and purulent otitis media by the surgical obstruction of the eustachian tube in dogs
Authors: TOJO M. , MATSUDA H. , FUKUI K. , SASAI H. , BABA E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTSecretory and purulent otitis media developed after the surgical obstruction of the eustachian tube in dogs. On 3 days after the obstruction, secretory otitis media alone was induced without regard of presence of aerobes in middle ear fluid. On 10 and 15–20 days, two types of otitis media were induced; in the secretory type aerobes were hardly detected, and in the purulent type a considerable number of various species of aerobes were detected. The present results suggest that the eustachian tube obstruction readily generates secretory otitis media and, when aerobes are present in the middle ear, the otitic condition may develop to purulent otitis media.
A microsporidian infection in sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus)
Authors: MAJEED S. K. , DOUGLAS M. , JOLLY D. W. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTApproximately 500 fish were delivered to the Department of Fish Toxicology for routine experiments. Post‐mortem examination of 19 fish (10 males and 9 females) revealed the presence of greyish white cysts in the abdominal cavity, loosely attached to the viscera.Apparently, 50 percent of the total 500 fish were affected, none of which showed clinical abnormality. Pathological results are described and discussed.
The cytopathological features of thymoma in a dog
Authors: MILLS J. N. , SHAW S. E. , KABAY M. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA dog presenting with weight loss and displacement of the heart to the right was diagnosed as having a thymoma by transthoracic fine‐needle aspiration biopsy. The cytological findings are described and correlated with the histological findings. Cytologically the lesion contained numerous large clusters of neoplastic epithelial cells with scant basophilic cytoplasm, and scattered, well‐differentiated lymphocytes. Histologically the thymoma was composed of predominantly spindle‐shaped epithelial cells arranged in broad sheets or forming sworling and storiform patterns. Some lobules contained lymphoid cells.
Urinary incontinence in the bitch due to sphincter mechanism incompetence: prevalence in referred dogs and retrospective analysis of sixty cases
Authors: HOLT P. E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA retrospective analysis of 174 cases of canine incontinence was made to determine the incidence of sphincter mechanism incompetence in the bitch. This diagnosis was made in 60 bitches (21 juveniles and 39 adults) and the clinical features and response to puberty and oestrogen treatment in these cases are discussed.
Clinical observations on the use of vecuronium as a muscle relaxant in the dog
Authors: JONES R. S. , SEYMOUR C. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe use of the non‐depolarizing muscle relaxant vecuronium bromide is described in 21 dogs undergoing a variety of surgical procedures under general anaesthesia. An initial dose of 0.1 mg kg‐1 proved effective and produced an initial block of 25 minutes duration. Incremental doses of 0.04 mg kg‐1 were used and up to six increments were shown to be non‐cumulative. No untoward side‐effects were observed with the use of this drug in the dog.
Iohexol myelography in the dog and cat: a series of one hundred cases, and a comparison with metrizamide and iopamidol
Authors: WHEELER S. J. , DAVIES J. V. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTIohexol has been found to be a safe and radiographically satisfactory myelographic contrast medium in man and some experimental animals. This study has shown it is also suitable for the dog and cat. No adverse side effects were encountered and radiographic quality was good. A random comparison found it superior in radiographic quality to metrizamide. Iohexol is recommended as the contrast medium of choice for small animal myelography.
Diabetic retinopathy in a cat with megestrol acetate‐induced diabetes
Authors: HERRTAGE M. E. , BARNETT K. C. , MACDOUGALL D. F. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA case of diabetes mellitus in a cat is described, associated with prolonged administration of megestrol acetate for miliary dermatitis. The cat was presented with blindness due to diabetic retinopathy. Following the diagnosis, megestrol acetate was withdrawn.The diabetes proved to be transient and resolved after insulin therapy; however, severe visual impairment remained. The mechanism by which megestrol acetate induces diabetes is discussed.
Two cases of paradoxical vestibular syndrome in Rough Collies
Authors: SKERRITT G. C. , WHITBREAD T. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTTwo cases of paradoxical vestibular syndrome are described. The principal clinical signs were a persistent head tilt to the right and a progressive ataxia in unrelated 6‐year‐old Rough Collies. In both dogs the primary lesion found post mortem was a papilloma of the choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle on the left side. This was associated with severe disruption of the cerebellar peduncles, cerebellar folia and the medulla oblongata adjacent to the tumour.
Oral treatment with ketoconazole of plantar candidosis in a mute swan
Authors: DEGRYSE A‐D. , VAN CUTSEM J. , FRANSEN J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACT Candida albicans infection of the plantar region of the digit was diagnosed in a mute swan (Cygnus olor). Diagnosis was based on histological examination and on cultures. The pathogenicity of the C. albicans isolate was proven by inoculation in laboratory animals. Oral treatment with ketoconazole resulted in complete clinical recovery; no relapse occurred during a sixteen‐month follow‐up period.
Parvovirus enteritis in Nigerian dogs
Authors: EZEOKOLI C. D. , UMOH J. U. , ADEYANJU J. B. , ABDULLAHI S. U. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTParvovirus enteritis in dogs presented with clinical diarrhoea was studied. Parvovirus was identified in seven out of 11 dogs with diarrhoea by means of haemagglutination and haemagglutination‐inhibition tests. Haemagglutination activity was found to persist in faeces for up to 22 days after onset of diarrhoea. Antibody to canine parvovirus was detected in 24 out of 40 dogs selected randomly from dogs presented for clinical examination. Antibody prevalence was highest in dogs 1 year old or younger.
What is shock?
Authors: MICHELL A. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTShock is a caricature of the physiological response to haemorrhage; as it progresses, the defensive attributes are replaced by adverse effects on circulation, reticuloendothelial function, respiration and metabolism. Haemorrhage is only one possible cause of shock and any severe reduction of circulating fluid volume can potentially trigger similar responses. Indeed despite the existence of several types of shock (e.g. anaphylactic, endotoxin, septic) the ‘final common path’ is remarkably similar and consists of a widespread failure of capillary perfusion. The essential prerequisite for effective perfusion is not merely the presence of blood in capillaries but its efficient movement through them. Thus viscosity is a key property of blood in shock and a limited fall in PCV may improve oxygen delivery. The pathophysiology of shock is discussed in relation to its therapeutic implications, notably the relative importance of fluid therapy, antibiotics and corticosteroids, the limitations on the effectiveness of antihistamines and α‐blockers, and more recent work with Mg‐ATP, hypertonic solutions, prostaglandins, endogenous opiates and dopamine.
Rapidly progressive diffuse retinal degeneration in a kitten
Authors: KELLY D. F. , LEWIS D. G. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTAdvanced diffuse bilateral retinal degeneration was identified in a 13‐week old female domestic short‐haired kitten. The animal was in good physical health but had steady deterioration in vision over a period of a month. Clinical signs were mydriasis, tapetal hyper‐reflectivity, marked loss of retinal vasculature and almost total blindness. Histological examination of the retina showed degeneration of the photoreceptor and outer nuclear layers. The clinical and pathological features are similar to those described in inherited retinal degeneration in Persian kittens.
Hyperparathyroid disorders in the dog: primary, secondary and cancer‐associated (pseudo)
Authors: WELLER R. E. , CULLEN J. , DAGLE G. E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTHyperparathyroid disorders were diagnosed in four dogs: one had primary hyperparathyroidism, characterized by parathyroid adenoma and hyper‐calcaemia; one had renal secondary hyperparathyroidism, characterized by parathyroid gland hyperplasia, hypocalcaemia and renal failure; and two had cancer‐associated hyperparathyroidism (pseudohyperpara‐thyroidism), characterized by the presence of neoplasia, parathyroid gland atrophy, hypercalcaemia and absence of skeletal metastases. Significant clinicopathologic findings included serum concentrations of calcium, phosphorus and immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (PTH), presence or absence of parathyroid and bone lesions, and the presence of non‐parathyroid neoplasia.
Clinical biochemistry in veterinary practice: results of a survey by questionnaire
Authors: DOUGLAS T. A. , ECKERSALL P. D. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA questionnaire on the use of clinical biochemistry in veterinary practice was circulated round the West of Scotland Division of the British Veterinary Association. The results indicated that clinical biochemistry was used in 9‐6 per cent of cases, with liver and kidney function tests being the most useful performed. The analysis of samples either within a practice or by use of a central laboratory were shown to present different problems with quality control being the major problem for practice laboratories and delay in obtaining results being the major problem for central laboratories.
Cutaneous collagen nodules in a dog
Authors: JONES B. R. , ALLEY M. R. , CRAIG A. S. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA 16‐month‐old German short‐haired pointer was examined because of the development of multiple nodules (0.5‐3 cm diameter) in the skin of the head, back, sternum and limbs. The nodules were first noticed when the dog was 8 weeks of age. At no time did the animal show clinical signs of a systemic disease. Histology and electron microscopy revealed that the nodules were composed of irregular bundles of dense collagen fibres and the constituent fibrils had a distribution of diameters similar to that expected in normal skin. Immunofluorescence tests for immunoglobulin (IgG) and complement (C3) showed no deposits of these in the skin and the serum antinuclear antibody test was negative. It was concluded that the nodules were collagenous naevi.
Congenital lobar emphysema in two dogs
Authors: HERRTAGE MICHAEL E. , CLARKE DAVID D. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTCongenital lobar emphysema is described in two dogs. The condition was characterized by progressive dyspnoea and cyanosis from a very young age. There was marked expiratory effort, and wheezing and crackling were evident on auscultation. Radiographic examination revealed overdistension and emphysema of the right middle lobe with displacement of the heart and mediastinum to the opposite side. The pathology and possible treatments are discussed.