bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study protocol: Exploring the use of Family Health Histories in the African American community to reduce health disparities in Flint, Michigan
Authors: Key Kent D. , Lewis Lena , Blanchard Courtney , Sikorskii Alla , Patel Minal , Lucas Todd , Akintobi Tabia Henry , Bailey Sarah , Loney E. Hill , Johnson Jennifer E. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Health disparities are costly and preventable differences in disease progression that disproportionately affect minority communities such as African Americans. Practices to reduce health disparities can be rooted in prevention, particularly through screening tools. Family Health History tools are preventative screening mechanisms meant to explore family history to better understand how an individual’s health can potentially be predicted or impacted. These tools are underutilized in the African American community. Contributions to this underutilization include a lack of cultural tailoring in the tools, a lack of health literacy in community members, and a lack of effective health communication. The Family Health History Study will create a culturally appropriate Family Health History toolkit to increase family health history utilization and ultimately decrease health disparities.
Methods
The proposed sample will be composed of 195 African American adults ages 18 + who live in Genesee County, Michigan. The study consists of two phases: the development phase and the randomized pilot study phase. The goal of the development phase (n = 95) is to explore how Family Health History toolkits can be modified to better serve the African American community using a community based participatory research approach and to create a culturally tailored family health history toolkit. In the pilot study phase, 100 participants will be randomized to the culturally tailored toolkit or the current standard Family Health History toolkit. Outcomes will include feasibility and acceptability of the intervention.
Discussion
This study will result in a culturally appropriate Family Health History tool that is co-developed with community members that can be utilized by African American adults to better understand their family health histories.
Trial Registration
Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05358964 Date: May 5, 2022
Comparative Analysis of Generative Pre-Trained Transformers Responses to Coastal Ecosystem Questions: Implications for GenAI in Environmental Education
Authors: Gopal Sucharita , Toshniwal Dhruv , Kaufman Les Kaufman , Deyle Ethan , Pitts Joshua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study presents a comparative analysis of two leading large language models (LLMs), Google’s Bard, powered by the Gemini model, and OpenAI’s ChatGPT 4.0, in the context of their responses to coastal ecosystem science undergraduate student education. Fifty questions related to coastal ecosystem management were posed to each LLM. Expert assessments evaluated the responses of the LLMs based on five key metrics: accuracy, relevance, depth, creativity, and semantic clarity. Knowledge graphs provided a structured framework for assessing and visualizing the AI responses. The analysis identified the strengths and weaknesses of each LLM in addressing complex environmental issues. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of LLMs’ potential applications in environmental science education and scientific communication. This study acknowledges limitations, such as the inherent subjectivity of expert assessments and the potential for bias within the knowledge graphs used for evaluation. Future research directions include investigating the effectiveness of LLMs in personalized learning environments and exploring their potential for generating educational content tailored to diverse audiences.
Terahertz characterization Microcellular Polyethylene Terephthalate (MCPET) across broad temperature range
Authors: Uchida Hirohisa , Miyamoto Katsuhiko , Takeya Kei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The optical properties of Microcellular Polyethylene Terephthalate (MCPET) towards light and terahertz waves were compared. Within the measurement range of 0.3–1.3 THz and 30 K to room temperature, the refractive index remained nearly constant at approximately 1.15, close to 1. It was observed that MCPET with a thickness of 0.5 mm transmits over 70% of terahertz waves, while blocking more than 99.9% of light in the 300–2000 nm range. These findings present significant advantages for the design of optical devices using MCPET, highlighting its potential for selective transparency and high opacity in specific applications.
A Method for Analyzing the Domain Structure in Magnetic Powder Microparticles
Authors: Aliev Shamil Minkailovich , Ibaev Zhavrail Gadzhievich , Aliev Minkail Shamilevich 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A method for analyzing the domain structure in magnetic powder microparticles based on the Mössbauer effect is proposed. This method has been experimentally verified for gadolinium ferrite-garnet (Gd3Fe5O12) powder particles 40 ± 5 µm in diameter in the vicinity of the magnetic compensation point Tcm =286 K. It is shown that ferrite particles are single-domain near Tcm and pass to the multidomain state while moving away from Tcm.
Accelerated theta-burst stimulation over the motor cortex improves social communication impairment in children with autism spectrum disorder: An open-label trial
Authors: Tan Hangyu , Xu Mingyu , Deng Lin , Zhang Lingli , Wang Shaowen , Cao Miao , Yuan Ti-Fei , Li Fei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Social communication impairment (SCI) is a defining feature in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) but remains difficult to treat. Emerging evidence suggests that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a potential method for treating this aspect of ASD, but the stimulation protocols used vary widely, and limited effects of these protocols on SCI have been reported, particularly in younger children with ASD. Thus, we developed an accelerated rTMS protocol and investigated its feasibility, efficacy and potential neural mechanism for the treatment of SCI in ASD children.
Methods
In the open-label study, thirty children aged 4–10 with ASD received accelerated theta-burst stimulation (a-cTBS) over the motor cortex for 5 consecutive days. Before and after the intervention, all participants underwent a battery of clinical assessments regarding SCI, and 26 of them cooperated and participated in the collection of electroencephalogram (EEG) data. The primary clinical efficacy outcome was the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) score.
Results
All participants completed the trial and the adverse effects were low-incidence and mild. Repeat measurement analysis showed a significant improvement in the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) score with a mean decrease of 12.77 (95% CI 7.58 to 17.95; P < .001) between pre-intervention and post-intervention, and 16.60 (95% CI 11.47 to 21.73; P < .001) between pre-intervention and one-month follow-up, respectively, and the improvement was associated with the observed EEG signal changes of right temporoparietal region. Paired tests showed significant increases in language-related indicators scores from baseline to the one-month follow-up (all P < 0.05).
Conclusions
This study indicated that a-cTBS over the motor cortex is a safe, feasible and efficient protocol for treating SCI in children with ASD, and provided further evidence for the association of the motor cortex with the social/language network.
Trial registration
The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05472870) on 22th July, 2022.
Chemerin Promotes Proliferation of Cardiac Fibroblasts via CMKLR1/PI3k/Akt/NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Cai Rui , Cao Ruifeng , Liu Yan , Zhang Nuoqi , Zhang Yang , Wang Yaling 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:Chemerin expression has been documented to be increased in patients with heart failure (HF), animal models of myocardial fibrosis (MF), and proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). However, the mechanisms underlying the chemerin high-proliferation processes in CFs remain unknown. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects and mechanisms on chemerin that promote the proliferation of CFs.
Methods : CFs were isolated from 3-day-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and cultured. They were identified by immunofluorescence. Aldosterone-induced proliferation model of CFs. The role of chemerin on the proliferation of CFs were determined by EdU. PI3k/Akt/NF-κB signal transduction was inhibited by pretreatment with the PI3k/Akt/NF-κB inhibitor LY294002 and PDTC. real-time quantitative PCR（RT-qPCR）and Western blotting were used to test the expression of relevant genes.
Results:By immunofluorescence staining of vimentin, the extracted cells can be identified as CFs.
Aldosterone induces the proliferation of CFs, we found that aldosterone promoted upregulation of chemerin, CMKLR1 and PCNA expression. And then we found that CMKLR1 expression was upregulated in CFs in response to exogenous chemerin stimulation, whereas the exogenous chemerin significantly promoted the proliferation of CFs. Mechanistically, exogenous chemerin increased the phosphorylated PI3k/Akt and NF-κB levels in CFs. Alternatively, blockade of PI3k/Akt and NF-κB inhibited the promoting proliferation effects of chemerin.
Conclusions: Our study found that chemerin promoted the proliferation of CFs through upregulation of CMKLR1 receptors. We also found that chemerin promotes the proliferation of CFs via the PI3k/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway. Chemerin is expected to be a target for therapy against myocardial fibrosis.
Factors associated with depressive symptom among college students based on quantile regression analysis
Authors: Xu Haibo , Liu Xin , Zhang Chaoran , Wang Zhen , Peng Lixin , Zhang Chen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Depressive symptom among college students is a public health issue worthy of attention. Most of the current analyses of factors associated with Depressive symptom use traditional linear regression, which cannot be mined for more information. Our research uses quantile regression to explore a more detailed picture of the influencing factors.Methods From November 26 to December 6, 2022, a cross-sectional survey was conducted at six universities in China, a cluster sampling method was adopted, and 3,156 college students were sampled and 2,580 valid questionnaires were obtained after the screening process. The study analyzed the data using quantile regression with SPSS 26.0.Results The results for 2,580 participants showed the prevalence of Depressive symptom to be 43.6%. Quantile regression showed that Depressive symptom was associated with gender, hometown, frequency of contact with family, frequency of breakfast, social support, interpersonal sensitivity, and psychological capital. Social support and psychological capital were positively associated with Depressive symptom, and interpersonal sensitivity was negatively associated with Depressive symptom. And the degree of correlation varied by quartile points, social support, psychological capital, and interpersonal sensitivity being more strongly correlated with Depressive symptom when the Depressive symptom quartile points were higher.Conclusion The findings of the study identified a number of factors that influence depressive symptom in different quartiles of college students to help address the issue of depressive symptom among college students. Severely depressed college students are more likely to receive negative effects of interpersonal sensitivity and positive effects of psychological capital and social support, therefore there is a need to pay more attention to these severely depressed students.
Causality between iron overload and osteoarthritis a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yin Liang , Zhang Fan , Bi Rongxiu , Xu Honghao , Wang Shilu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective:We found a significant increase in the incidence of osteoarthritis in patients with iron overload, and conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal effect of iron overload on osteoarthritis and hip arthritis. Methods: Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of liver iron content (LIC) and osteoarthritis (OA) and hip arthritis (HOA) were obtained. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used as instrumental variables and sensitive SNPS were selected for analysis. The inverse variance weighting method (IVW), weighted median method (WM), MR-Egger regression method and other methods were used to conduct MR Analysis of the two samples, and the OR value was used to evaluate the causal [i]relationship between LIC, OA and HOA.
Results: In LIC and OA, the p values of IVW model, WM model and MR-Egger model were all <0.05.
IVW results were as follows: OR=1.005, 95%CI was 1.001-1.010 P=0.012; Among LIC and HOA, the p values of IVW model, WM model and MR-Egger model are all <0.05, and the result of IVW is: OR=1.184, 95%CI is 1.092-1.285P =4.79×10-5. MR Egger and IVW methods are used to test the heterogeneity, and the results are as follows: there is heterogeneity between LIC and OA (p <0.05), but no heterogeneity between LIC and KOA (p>0.05). Sensitivity analysis by leave-one-out method showed that the results were stable. Conclusion: There is causal relationship between LIC and OA and KOA, and the probability of suffering from OA or HOA increases with the improvement of LIC.
Detection and significance of Vitamin D and Insulin-like growth factor-1 in elderly patients with frailty
Authors: Hu Xue , Song Yang , Cao Mengyu , Du Ying , Li Yi , Liu Xiangjun , Tang Jiagui , Shen Haotian , Liu Chang , Deng Fengmei , Liu Yilun , Peng Nan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:With the increase of the elderly population, the problem of senile frailty is becoming more and more serious. The research on frailty is still in the initial stage, and the diagnosis and intervention mechanism of frailty are still unclear. This study investigated the effects of Vitamin D and Insulin-like growth factor-1 on frailty, in order to further provide more accurate interventions for improving frailty.
Purpose:To investigate the frailty characteristics of elderly residents in Mengyang community, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province. To explore the correlation between serological index and human body composition test index; correlation between body composition test index and frailty; to explore the effects of both on frailty.
Method:From July to August 2023, 433 residents in Mengyang community of Chengdu City, Sichuan Province were selected. According to the diagnostic criteria of Fried Evaluation Form, they were divided into non-frailty, pre-frailty and frailty stages. For elderly comprehensive evaluation, including the human body composition test index and physical function test project, and blood tests for Vitamin D and Insulin-like growth factor-1.
Result: Among the 433 elderly patients, 201 were males and 232 were females, aged 60 to 99 years. The median age was 69.27±4.23 in the non- frailty group (99 cases), 71.07±4.687 in the pre-frailty group (173 cases) and 75.4±7.407 in the frailty group (161 cases). The muscle content and physical function indexes of each part of the body composition decreased gradually with the increase of the degree of weakness, and P<0.05. Vitamin D and insulin-like growth factor-1 decreased gradually with the increase of frailty degree, but P > 0.05. Vitamin D and insulin-like growth factor-1 had a certain correlation with the muscle content in all parts of the body, and the muscle content in all parts of the body had a certain correlation with the indexes of body function (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Vitamin D and Insulin-like growth factor-1 are significantly positively correlated with the muscle content of each part of the body, and there is a significant correlation between the muscle content of each part and the body function. With the increase of frailty, the functional indicators of the elderly(including muscle content in various parts、Vitamin D and Insulin-like growth factor-1 levels) decreased, while the physical functional indicators also decreased with the increase of frailty.
Predicting Luminance Decay of a Micro-LED display via Machine Learnings on Temperature Distribution and LED Degradation
Authors: Chao Paul C.-P. , Lin Chi-En , Chen Hao-Ren , Nguyen Duc Huy 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

A new method for predicting the luminance decay of Micro Light Emitting Diode (Micro-LED) displays by machine learning models is proposed herein with experiments of temperature distribution and degradation established. Although Micro-LEDs can be used as a direct light source for large outdoor advertising billboards, harsh outdoor conditions may lead to the degradation of Micro-LED displays. As a result, a temperature model is first built to predict the temperature distribution for the surface of a Micro-LED display based on illuminated patterns and the temperature sensors installed on the back of the display, followed by the establishment of degradation models for predicting luminance decay of the display based on Micro-LED enclosure temperature, input current, and illumination time. Based on the different degradation characteristics observed for red, green, and blue light in the experiments, their degradation models are established separately. In addition, exponential curve-fitting and interpolation are conducted based on TM-21 for the high accuracy when predicting for a much longer aging period. The temperature model built exhibits a prediction error of less than 1.1°C, while an average error is kept below 1.05% (roughly 9 nits). Moreover, the predicted period using the proposed degradation model with high accuracy can reach up to tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of hours. It is evident that the predicted results within this long period meets the requirement of the exponential curve defined by TM-21.
Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis of Gut Microbiome and Serum Metabolome in Unipolar and Bipolar Depression
Authors: Wang Yujing , Wang Lan , Zheng Yaxin , Wang Ran , Zhen Fengya , Cheng Zhangkai J. , Sun Baoqing , Tsui Stephen Kwok-Wing , An Cuixia 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study aims to differentiate between unipolar and bipolar depressive episodes through an integrated analysis of gut microbiome and serum metabolome. The study involved 82 patients experiencing depressive episodes, with 38 diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and 44 with Bipolar Disorder (BD). The gut microbiome and serum metabolome were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS), respectively. The results revealed distinct microbial compositions and metabolic pathways between the two groups. Seventeen microbial groups and fifty serum metabolites were found to be significantly different between the two groups. Four genera and eight serum metabolites demonstrated strong diagnostic potential for differentiating BD from MDD. The study also found correlations between certain differential genera and metabolites and the severity of clinical symptoms. This integrated multi-omics approach provides a promising direction for the differential diagnosis of unipolar and bipolar depression.
Research on the structural evolution and influence mechanism of the global green trade network based on exponential random graph model
Authors: Qin Yingying , Pu Yue 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

With the global spread of environmental protection, green trade has become a new trend in trade development. Based on the total import and export value of green products from 227 countries (regions) from 2012 to 2020, this study uses a complex network analysis method to construct a global green trade network, study the structural characteristics and evolution of the network from three dimensions–whole, community, and node–and analyze the influence mechanism of the global green trade network using an exponential random graph model. The estimation results of the exponential random graph model show that the economic size gap, population size gap, development level, trade liberalization and language differences between countries will affect the formation of the global green trade network. The global green trade network has strong mutuality, and it is easier for countries with large differences in economic scale, countries with the same WTO member and developed countries to establish green trade relations. The common language network has a positive impact on the global green trade network. Countries should be clear about their own characteristics and position in the global green trade network, and actively develop green trade.
Effect of goat manure levels on growth performance of wild watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. Citroides) cultivated under shade house conditions
Authors: Pontsho Tseke , Maboko Mphosi , Yvonne Maila 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of different goat manure levels on the growth yield and performance of wild watermelon (Citrullus lanatus subsp.) cultivated in shade houses. Six treatments comprised different goat manure levels, namely, river sand, Hutton soil, and goat manure T0-1:3:0 (control), T1-1:3:1, T2-1:3:2, T3-1:3:3, T4-1:3:4, and T5-1:3:5. Treatments had a highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) effect on dry shoot mass (DSM) (g), fruit weight (FW) (g), and fruit diameter (FD) (mm) of wild watermelon plants. The dry root mass (DRM) (g), vine length (VL) (m), and chlorophyll content (CCL) of wild watermelon plants were not significantly affected by the application of goat manure levels. The goat manure levels in T1-1:31, T2-1:3:2, T3-1:3:3, T4-1:3:4, and T5-1:3:5 reached the cumulative DSM (6.57, 10.12, 9.17, 11.14, and 8.32). In contrast, all the goat manure levels T1-1:31, T2-1:3:2, T3-1:3:3, T4-1:3:4, and T5-1:3:5 reduced FW (183.56, 72.02, 119.05, 171.87, 9.08 g) compared to the control (1:3:0), achieved 212.14 g, while the highest (183.56, 171.87, and 119.05) were at T1-1:31, T4-1:3:4, and T3-1:3:3, respectively. The smallest FM (72.02 and 9.08 cm) was observed at 1:3:2 and 1:3:5 goat manure levels, respectively. Similarly, all the goat manure levels T1-1:31, T2-1:3:2, T3-1:3:3, T4-1:3:4, and T5-1:3:5 reduced FD (61.03, 40.24, 59.76, 69.66, and 14.40 mm) compared to the control (1:3:0), which was achieved at 78.73 mm. In conclusion, T4-1:3:4 performed well in terms of the DSM. Therefore, goat manure at T4-1:3:4 achieved the best growth performance in wild watermelon.