bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differentiation of fibroblastic meningiomas from other benign subtypes using diffusion tensor imaging
Authors: Tropine Andrei , Dellani Paulo D. , Glaser Martin , Bohl Juergen , Plöner Till , Vucurevic Goran , Perneczky Axel , Stoeter Peter 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPurposeTo differentiate fibroblastic meningiomas, usually considered to be of a hard consistency, from other benign subtypes using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).Materials and MethodsFrom DTI data sets of 30 patients with benign meningiomas, we calculated diffusion tensors and mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) maps as well as barycentric maps representing the geometrical shape of the tensors. The findings were compared to postoperative histology. The study was approved by the local ethics committee, and informed consent was given by the patients.ResultsAccording to one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), FA was the best parameter to differentiate between the subtypes (F = 32.2; p < 0.0001). Regarding tensor shape, endothelial meningiomas were represented by spherical tensors (80%) corresponding to isotropic diffusion, whereas the fibroblastic meningiomas showed a high percentage (43%) of nonspherical tensors, indicating planar or longitudinal diffusion. The difference was highly significant (F = 28.4; p < 0.0001) and may be due to the fascicular arrangement of long spindle‐shaped tumor cells and the high content of intra‐ and interfascicular fibers as shown in the histology. In addition, a capsule‐like rim of the in‐plane diffusion surrounded most meningiomas irrespective of their histological type.ConclusionIf these results correlate to the intraoperative findings of meningioma consistency, DTI‐based measurement of FA and analysis of the shape of the diffusion tensor is a promising method to differentiate between fibroblastic and other subtypes of benign meningiomas in order to get information about their “hard” or “soft” consistency prior to removal. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of dermatan sulfate glycosaminoglycans on the quasi‐static material properties of the human medial collateral ligament
Authors: Lujan Trevor J. , Underwood Clayton J. , Henninger Heath B. , Thompson Brent M. , Weiss Jeffrey A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe glycosaminoglycan of decorin, dermatan sulfate (DS), has been suggested to contribute to the mechanical properties of soft connective tissues such as ligaments and tendons. This study investigated the mechanical function of DS in human medial collateral ligaments (MCL) using nondestructive shear and tensile material tests performed before and after targeted removal of DS with chondroitinase B (ChB). The quasi‐static elastic material properties of human MCL were unchanged after DS removal. At peak deformation, tensile and shear stresses in ChB treated tissue were within 0.5% (p > 0.70) and 2.0% (p > 0.30) of pre‐treatment values, respectively. From pre‐ to post‐ChB treatment under tensile loading, the tensile tangent modulus went from 242 ± 64 to 233 ± 57 MPa (p = 0.44), and tissue strain at peak deformation went from 4.3 ± 0.3% to 4.4 ± 0.3% (p = 0.54). Tissue hysteresis was unaffected by DS removal for both tensile and shear loading. Biochemical analysis confirmed that 90% of DS was removed by ChB treatment when compared to control samples, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging further verified the degradation of DS by showing an 88% reduction (p < .001) of sulfated glycosaminoglycans in ChB treated tissue. These results demonstrate that DS in mature knee MCL tissue does not resist tensile or shear deformation under quasi‐static loading conditions, challenging the theory that decorin proteoglycans contribute to the elastic material behavior of ligament. © 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 25:894–903, 2007
Incidence and prognostic values of lymph node metastasis in operable hepatocellular carcinoma and evaluation of routine complete lymphadenectomy
Authors: Sun Hui‐Chuan , Zhuang Peng‐Yuan , Qin Lun‐Xiu , Ye Qing‐Hai , Wang Lu , Ren Ning , Zhang Ju‐Bo , Qian Yong‐Bing , Lu Lu , Fan Jia , Tang Zhao‐You 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBackgroundTo study lymph node metastasis (LNM) and prognosis in patients with operable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as well as the value of routine complete lymphadenectomy. Few studies have been reported on LNM in patients with operable HCC.MethodsLymph node enlargement of 968 patients with operable HCC was carefully explored and LNM was diagnosed by typical intraoperative findings or pathology.ResultsForty‐nine (5.1%) patients had LNM, which was associated with advanced tumor properties. The 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year overall survival in patients with LNM was poorer than those without LNM (62.0%, 31.0%, and 26.0% vs. 81.0%, 62.0%, and 47.0%, P = 0.000). The 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year overall survival in patients who received complete lymphadenectomy (n = 26) was poorer than those without LNM (68.0%, 31.0%, and 31.0% vs. 81.0%, 62.0%, and 47.0%, P = 0.017), and was not better than patients who received chemotherapy or radiotherapy (P = 0.944).ConclusionThe incidence of LNM in operable HCC patients was low, and patients with LNM had a poorer prognosis. LNM status determined the disease‐free survival but not the overall survival of HCC. The complete lymphadenectomy did not improve overall survival, as compared with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96:37–45. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assessment of interrater and intrarater reliability of the Fahn–Tolosa–Marin Tremor Rating Scale in essential tremor
Authors: Stacy Mark A. , Elble Rodger J. , Ondo William G. , Wu Shu‐Chen , Hulihan Joseph ,   TRS Study Group
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate interrater and intrarater reliability of the Fahn–Tolosa–Marin Tremor Rating Scale (TRS) in essential tremor (ET). Proper treatment of ET is contingent upon correct assessment of the severity, loss of function, and disability related to tremor. Videotape recordings of 17 subjects with ET evaluated with the TRS were produced and sent to 59 raters. Once the raters returned the videotape and completed the score sheet, they were mailed a second tape with the same recordings presented in a different order. In the interrater reliability evaluation, modified Kappa statistics for seven tremor type composites ranged from 0.10 to 0.65 in the first videotape and 0.17 to 0.62 in the second videotape. Interrater reliabilities were greater for Part A items (magnitude of tremor in different body parts) than for Part B items (tremor in writing and drawings) of the TRS. The average Spearman correlation was 0.87, indicating very good consistency between the two videotapes, but correlations for Part A were somewhat better than for Part B. It is best when the same rater performs repeated measures of tremor on a patient, particularly when judging tremor in handwriting and drawings. Training of raters on use of the TRS would help standardize judgement. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Normal blood supply to the uncus
Authors: Waddington Margaret M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractOne hundred human brains, obtained from the routine autopsy service of the Dartmouth Medical School (Hanover, NH) and Rutland Hospital (Rutland, VT), were studied to establish a better understanding of the anatomy of the arterial supply to the uncus. Drawings of each dissection were made and the findings summarized. The variability in the number and size of the vessels to this region may be striking.
The effects of artificial postoperative hematoma on patency of microvascular anastomoses in rat femoral blood vessels
Authors: Sadove Richard , Cline Carolyn , Buncke Harry J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe effect of hematoma formation on thrombus formation at microvascular anastomotic sites in the femoral arteries and veins of rats was investigated. No difference in anastomotic patency or thrombus formation was observed in the presence of perivascular hematoma, although compression secondary to hematoma formation was not an experimental variable. This study suggests the possibility that the velocity of blood flow (which increases with vasoconstriction) counteracts the thrombogenicity of changes in the flow volume (which decreases with vasoconstriction) by preventing the accumulation of thrombogenic materials. The authors suggest that the role of vasoconstriction in relation to thrombus formation and anastomotic patency should be explored further using topical vasoconstrictors and appropriate platelet fractions.
Use of fresh human placenta for microsurgical training
Authors: Goldstein Marc 
Published: March 2007

AbstractMicrosurgery requires considerable practice before any attempt is made at clinical application. Live animals represent the ideal training medium; however, unlimited access to the animal laboratory is not always possible. In such situations, segments of fresh human placenta provide ideal specimens for microsurgical practice. They are readily available and abundant in a variety of vessels, and require a minimum of dissection.
Extracorporeal microvascular arterial reconstruction in donor kidneys prior to transplantation
Authors: Novick Andrew C. , Straffon Ralph A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractRevascularization of all renal arteries is important to the prevention of ischemic allograft complications. Extracorporeal arterial repair prior to transplantation was performed on 41 donor kidneys. Three extracorporeal reconstructive techniques are described that are applicable to most of the anatomic variants presented by multiple renal arteries and those that are damaged or diseased. These are simple and effective methods that avoid subjecting the kidney to prolonged ischemia.
Heterotopic and orthotopic liver transplants in inbred rat strains
Authors: Lee Sun , Edgington T. S. , Orloff M. J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe functioning and survival of orthotopic liver allotransplants in toto were compared with heterotopic partial and whole allotransplants in inbred rats. In contrast to the rapid and aggressive rejection of the heterotopic allografts, the orthotopic whole‐liver allografts survived for prolonged periods. These latter grafts were subjected to mild cellular attack 11 to 12 days following transplantation, but they survived without the massive cellular infiltration and hepatocytolysis seen in the heterotopic partial grafts. Biliary secretion by the orthotopic whole‐liver allografts was functional throughout the survival period and was markedly increased during the final stages of survival, whereas the heterotopic liver grafts ceased to excrete normal bile by day 9, after which they were completely depigmented.
Laser photocoagulation for treatment of experimental aneurysms
Authors: Maira Giulio , Mohr Géarard , Panisset Alain , Hardy Jules 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTwenty‐five autologous, artificially implanted venous and arterial aneurysms were treated by argon laser photocoagulation. Sequential angiographic follow‐up studies and final histologic studies demonstrated complete secondary occlusion in 11 cases, significant reduction of the aneurysm lumen in 10 cases, and no change in 4 cases. Delayed secondary occlusion appears to involve an active biologic process with progressive fibroblastic proliferation in the aneurysm wall.
High‐frequency pulsed doppler ultrasound: A new tool for microvascular surgery
Authors: Freed Debow , Hartley Craig J. , Christman Kenneth D. , Lyman Robert C. , Agris Joseph , Walker William F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA wide variety of surgical procedures now depend on the suture repair of vessels smaller than 1.5 mm. The need persists, however, for a rapid and objective test of patency that is atraumatic. Small‐vessel studies indicate that the high‐frequency (20 MHz) pulsed Doppler velocimeter is particulary well suited for this task. We have evaluated the ability of such a system to quantitate stenosis produced by partial ligation in a rat model, and report its initial successful use as an intraoperative tool to determine the quality of microvascular anastomoses.
Prolactin‐producing pituitary adenomas
Authors: Page Larry K. , LeMaire William J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractEight patients with amenorrhea, galactorrhea, and hyperprolactinemia underwent excision of pituitary adenomas by means of a microsurgical pro cedure that used a transsphenoidal approach. Prolactin values returned to normal in five of the patients and were significantly lower in three. Five patients resumed their menses. Two became pregnant. All eight patients had used oral contraceptives. The association of oral contraceptives and prolactin‐ producing pituitary adenomas is discussed.
An extracranial microsurgical approach to the optic nerve
Authors: Sofferman Robert A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLesions affecting the canalicular portion of the optic nerve have classically been addressed with intracranial surgical techniques. This article introduces a microsurgical extracranial approach to the optic canal that can be readily adapted by the neurosurgical‐rhinologic team familiar with transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. The approach became clinically feasible with the advent of coaxial illumination, magnification, and special microinstrumentation. The technique is described in detail, potential and actual clinical applications are further outlined, and the advantages and disadvantages of the approach are discussed. Future adaptability of this technique to unusual clinical situations such as ophthalmic artery aneurysms and carotid‐cavernous sinus fistulas may be possible but will first require careful laboratory study.
Osteogenesis from periosteal autografts in ulnar defects in dogs
Authors: Finley John M. , Wood Michael B. , Acland Robert D. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe quantity of new bone formed by revascularized periosteal grafts was compared with that formed by nonvascularized periosteal grafts in ulnar diaphyseal defects in dogs. Although in general the revascularized periosteal grafts produced a greater quantity of bone than their nonvascularized counterparts, this osteogenic behavior was not consistent. The results, however, are sufficiently encouraging to merit further investigation into the free transfer of revascularized periosteal autografts.
Experimental nonsuture microvascular anastomosis using a soluble pva tube and plastic adhesive
Authors: Yamagata Sen , Handa Hajime , Taki Waro , Yonekawa Yasuhiro , Ikada Yoshito , Iwata Hiroo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis article describes a new nonsuture method for microvascular anastomoses that uses plastic adhesives and soluble tube stents made of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Three soluble tubes were studied: one tube with a monolayered wall and two bilayered tubes of different thicknesses. The layers of the bilayered tubes consisted of PVA of different degrees of solubility. As plastic adhesives, ethyl 2‐cyanoacrylate, isopropyl 2‐cyanoacrylate, isobutyl 2‐cyanoacrylate, and methyl 2‐cyanoacrylate were employed; methyl 2‐cyanoacrylate was by far the least effective. Anastomoses were performed on the common carotid artery of rats, and macroscopic, angiographic, and histologic investigations were carried out at intervals ranging from seven days to six months. The patency rates were 81% for the monolayered tube, and 92% and 98% for the bilayered tubes. The principal advantage of this method is that blood flow can be reestablished through the anastomosed site immediately after release of the hemostatic clamps.
Absorbable and nonabsorbable sutures in microsurgery: Standardized comparable studies in rats
Authors: Thiede A. , Lütjohann K. , Beck C. , Blunck F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn order to study the applicability and value of synthetic absorbable suture materials in microvascular surgery, 8–0 monofilament nonabsorbable polyamide sutures and 8–0 absorbable polyglycolic acid and polyglactin 910 sutures were used in end‐to‐end anastomoses of the aorta in rats, employing the same microsurgical model for all procedures. Comparable investigations of the anastomotic sites were carried out macroscopically and histologically at various intervals postoperatively. It was found that when placed under unphysiologic strain, microvascular anastomoses sutured with absorbable materials had less mechanical endurance than anastomoses stitched with nonabsorbable suture materials. It was also found, however, that this had no significance in vivo, inasmuch as no vascular ruptures or aneurysms appeared with either the absorbable or nonabsorbable sutures even after long‐term observation. The nonabsorbable sutures were fully recognizable up to 150 days, microscopically showing clear evidence of granuloma formation. The absorbable sutures, on the other hand, could hardly be discerned after 50 days, and after 150 days the foreign body and scar reactions had almost completely disappeared. Absorbable suture materials lead to more rapid restitution of the vascular wall than nonabsorbable sutures and consequently appear to be superior.
Microsurgery of eye vessels
Authors: Gundorova Rosa A. , Galchin Alex S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe results of 20 experiments performed on aortas and femoral arteries of rats and 150 experimental procedures performed on isolated posterior long ciliary arteries of cadaver eyes are presented. The authors draw the conclusion that it is possible in principle to perform surgical intervention on the eye vessels. The selection of microsurgical instruments, needles, and suture materials is discussed, and the ophthalmologic applications of this type of vascular surgery are contemplated.
Experiences with different techniques of microvascular anastomosis
Authors: Eisenhardt H. J. , Hennecken H. , Klein P. J. , Pichlmaier H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn order to compare the effects of transverse and oblique anastomosis techniques with and without adventitial stripping in microvascular anastomoses, the aortas of 40 rats and the femoral arteries of another 40 rats were subjected to transverse end‐to‐end anastomosis, transverse anastomosis with adventitial stripping. oblique anastomosis, and oblique anastomosis with adventitial stripping. The rats were sacrificed at 5 hours or 3 weeks. The macroscopic and histologic findings showed that oblique anastomosis did not improve the patency rate and that adventitial stripping resulted in a high rate of false aneurysms.
Heart and spleen twin grafts in rats
Authors: Blanchard Jacqueline M. , Tauber Jurg W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe technical details of a new procedure for the simultaneous transplantation of the spleen and the heart in rats are described. One hundred sixtyfour such twin grafts from LEW to ACI rats and vice versa were performed. Seventeen animals were followed postoperatively without additional immunologic manipulations. There is a definite change in rejection pattern in terms of timing as well as intensity when heart and spleen twin grafts are compared with single cardiac grafts. A delay and mild form of rejection of twin grafts were observed especially in the strain combination of LEW to ACI. No graft‐versus‐host reaction occurred. There was no perfect correlation of the cardiac and splenic allografts in regard to their survival time. When the cardiac allograft arrested, however, the spleen was found to be rejected as well in all cases. In three cases a selective survival of the heart over the spleen was observed. Thus, the cardiac allograft can be used as a simple but not completely reliable indicator of the functional state of both grafts.
The versatility of the basic microscope system in otolaryngology
Authors: Edwards Frcs William G. Ma, 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe operating icroscope is now an essential tool for a large number of surgical procedures in a wide range of disciplines. At many medical centers, the optical equipment is often shared by surgeons from several disciplines. Theexpansion of microsurgical interest will continue to be interdisciplinary in the future, and this will call for microscope systems that are sufficiently versatile, both optically and mechanically, to meet the needs of surgery on a wide variety of anatomic structures. The development of the current range of microsurgical procedures in otolaryngology is presented to illustrate the concept of versatility by demonstrating the expansion of microsurgical technique to many regions of the head and neck. The key to this versatility has been the interchangeable objective lens system (200–400 mm), wich allows a working distance appropriate to the depth of the various surgical approaches and which also allows the free transfer of microsurgical skills and instrumentation to new procedures.
The operating microscope. II. Individual parts, handling, assembling, focusing, and balancing
Authors: Hoerenz Peter 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe major components of the Zeiss OPMI 1, OPMI 6‐S, and OPMI 7 P/H are discussed along with details on handling and assembling the components, changing couplings, focusing, and balancing the microscope system prior to use.
Sutureless microvascular anastomosis using a neodymium‐yag laser
Authors: Jain Kewal K. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA technique is described in which a Neodymium‐YAG laser is used to anastomose arteries 0.8 to 1.0 mm in diameter. Heat generated by the laser causes fusion of the collagen of the media, making direct handling of the vessel wall unnecessary. Four variations of the technique were performed in 120 rat carotid arteries. Angiographic and scanning electron microscopic studies were carried out immediately after surgery and at intervals of 1 day to 6 months after anastomosis. Patency rates as high as 92.5% were recorded. The technique that produced the most secure anastomosis was considered to be one in which a vascular strut was used as an aid in apposition, followed by the application of a piece of vein wall to the anastomosis with tissue adhesive. The main advantages of the laser technique are speed and consistency. Complications such as disruption and aneurysm formation are considered to be rare.
The effect of hepatic interposition on ovary‐pituitary interaction
Authors: Lee Sun , Chandler James G. , Broelsch Christoph E. , Ehara Yoichi , Condon James K. , Charters A. Crane , Yen Samuel S. C. , Orloff Marshall J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWhen the livers of female rats were provided with exclusive first access to all ovarian venous effluents by simultaneous castration and implantation of a portion of one of the ovaries beneath the splenic capsule, systemic venous plasma concentrations of estrone and estradiol were reduced 40%. Paradoxically, progestins in the peripheral plasma increased threefold, most probably because of augmented adrenocortical progestin secretion. Nevertheless, the change in estrogen levels alone was sufficient to abolish trophic effects on the genital organs and to block normal inhibition of pituitary gonadotropin secretion. Plasma gonadotropin concentrations were markedly elevated to levels comparable to those of castrates, and, as a result, the intrasplenic ovarian implants grew excessively and became histologically disorganized. A patent portacaval shunt negated the entire process, providing proof that the measured hormonal alterations and the change in the implant itself were direct consequences of hepatic screening.