bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial localization of non‐histone protein HMGB1 during human endothelial cell–Toxoplasma gondii infection
Authors: Stumbo Ana Carolina , Cortez Erika , Rodrigues Carlos Alberto , Henriques Maria das Graças M.O. , Porto Luís Cristóvão , Barbosa Helene S. , Carvalho Laís 
Published: September 2007

AbstractToxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular pathogen, replicating only within a specialized membrane‐bounded cytoplasmic vacuole, the parasitophorous vacuole (PV), which interacts with host cell mitochondria. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a known nuclear transcription factor, also may be involved in pathological conditions, whose function is to signal tissue damage. Using confocal microscopy, we have investigated the localization of HMGB1 and the mitochondria performance during interaction between human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and Toxoplasma. Immunofluorescence showed HMGB1 localization in HUVEC tubular mitochondria stained with Mito Tracker (MT). At 2 h post‐infection, MT labeled spherical structures scattered throughout the cytoplasm and HMGB1 were still present. After 24 h of infection, long and tubular structures were localized around PVs and were double labeled by MT and HMGB1, suggesting a structural reorganization of the mitochondria over a long period of infection. For the first time, these results show there is HMGB1 in HUVEC mitochondria and that this protein could be playing a part in mitochondrial DNA events which are important for fission and fusion processes reported here during HUVEC‐T. gondii infection.
Hypoxic‐ischemic injury in neonatal brain: involvement of a novel neuronal molecule in neuronal cell death and potential target for neuroprotection
Authors: Hossain Mir Ahamed 
Published: September 2007

AbstractPerinatal hypoxia‐ischemia (HI) is the most common cause of various neurological disabilities in children with high societal cost. Hypoxic‐ischemic brain damage is an evolving process and ample evidence suggests distinct difference between the immature and mature brain in the pathology and consequences of brain injury. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to better understand the mechanisms underlying the hypoxic‐ischemic injury in neonatal brain to devise effective therapeutic strategies. Nonetheless, the mechanism(s) involved in this pathology in the developing brain remain inadequately understood. Effective neuroprotective strategies will include either inhibition of the death effector pathways or induction of their regulatory and survival promoting cellular proteins. Neuronal pentraxins (NPs) define a family of novel proteins “long pentraxins” that are exclusively expressed in the central neurons, and are homologous to the C‐reactive and acute‐phase proteins in the immune system. NPs have been shown to be involved in the excitatory synaptic remodeling. We found that the neuronal protein ‘neuronal pentraxin 1′ (NP1) is induced in neonatal rat brain following HI, and NP1 induction preceded the time of actual tissue loss in brain. In demonstrating this we also found that NP1 gene silencing is neuroprotective against hypoxia‐induced neuronal death. This is the first evidence for a pathophysiological function of NP1 in central neurons. Our results suggest that NP1 is part of a death program triggered by HI. Most importantly, our findings of specific interactions of NP1 with the excitatory glutamate receptors AMPA GluR1 subunit and their co‐localization suggest a role for this novel neuronal protein NP1 in the excitotoxic cascade. Blockade of AMPA‐induced neuronal death following inhibition of NP1 expression further implicates a regulatory interaction between NP1 and AMPA glutamate receptors. Subsequent experiments using NP1 loss‐of‐function strategies, we have demonstrated specific requirements of NP1 induction in HI‐induced neuronal death. Together our findings clearly identify a novel role for NP1 in the coupling between HI and cerebral cell death. Thus, NP1 could be a new molecular target in the central neurons for preventing hypoxic‐ischemic neuronal death in developing brain. These very novel results could lead to more effective neuroprotective strategies against hypoxic‐ischemic brain injury in neonates.
A novel non-overlapping bi-clustering algorithm for network generation using living cell array data
Authors: Yang E. , Foteinou P.T. , King K.R. , Yarmush M.L. , Androulakis I.P. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractMotivation: The living cell array quantifies the contribution of activated transcription factors upon the expression levels of their target genes. The direct manipulation of the regulatory mechanisms offers enormous possibilities for deciphering the machinery that activates and controls gene expression. We propose a novel bi-clustering algorithm for generating non-overlapping clusters of reporter genes and conditions and demonstrate how this information can be interpreted in order to assist in the construction of transcription factor interaction networks.Contact: Yannis@rci.rutgers.edu
N-Myristoylation Regulates the SnRK1 Pathway inArabidopsis
Authors: Pierre Michèle , Traverso José A. , Boisson Bertrand , Domenichini Séverine , Bouchez David , Giglione Carmela , Meinnel Thierry 
Published: September 2007

AbstractCotranslational and posttranslational modifications are increasingly recognized as important in the regulation of numerous essential cellular functions. N-myristoylation is a lipid modification ensuring the proper function and intracellular trafficking of proteins involved in many signaling pathways. Arabidopsis thaliana, like human, has two tightly regulated N-myristoyltransferase (NMT) genes, NMT1 and NMT2. Characterization of knockout mutants showed that NMT1 was strictly required for plant viability, whereas NMT2 accelerated flowering. NMT1 impairment induced extremely severe defects in the shoot apical meristem during embryonic development, causing growth arrest after germination. A transgenic plant line with an inducible NMT1 gene demonstrated that NMT1 expression had further effects at later stages. NMT2 did not compensate for NMT1 in the nmt1-1 mutant, but NMT2 overexpression resulted in shoot and root meristem abnormalities. Various data from complementation experiments in the nmt1-1 background, using either yeast or human NMTs, demonstrated a functional link between the developmental arrest of nmt1-1 mutants and the myristoylation state of an extremely small set of protein targets. We show here that protein N-myristoylation is systematically associated with shoot meristem development and that SnRK1 (for SNF1-related kinase) is one of its essential primary targets.
Healthcare libraries in Saudi Arabia: analysis and recommendations
Authors: Khudair Ahmad , Bawden David 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe paper aims to gain a detailed understanding of the current health library/information environment in Saudi Arabia, to identify problems, issues, and areas for improvement, to make recommendations for improvement, and to instantiate these in models and prototypes.Design/methodology/approachA mixed method empirical approach is used in 11 health libraries, including literature survey, institutional profiling, questionnaire, interviews, non‐participant observation, and examination of documents. A model for supporting change management in Saudi health libraries is proposed, and a prototype for a Saudi Health Information Network is developed.FindingsThe healthcare libraries are well‐used, and appreciated by their users, and the staff are generally satisfied with their work. Problems and issues are identified: use of information communication technologies and digital resources; lack of proactive information services; education, training and continuing professional development for health library work; limited strategic planning and policy for these services. Recommendations are made for improvements.Research limitations/implicationsThe empirical research is limited to health sciences libraries in Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia. The prototype health information network has not been evaluated by users.Practical implicationsRecommendations are made to enable the government of Saudi Arabia and its various agencies to support improvements in the existing health sciences libraries and information provision.Originality/valueThis is a detailed study of the health library environment in Saudi Arabia, illustrating factors typical of the situation in many other countries. The paper outlines a novel organisational change model and prototype national health information network.
Evaluation of web search for the information practitioner
Authors: MacFarlane A. 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe aim of the paper is to put forward a structured mechanism for web search evaluation. The paper seeks to point to useful scientific research and show how information practitioners can use these methods in evaluation of search on the web for their users.Design/methodology/approachThe paper puts forward an approach which utilizes traditional laboratory‐based evaluation measures such as average precision/precision atNdocuments, augmented with diagnostic measures such as link broken, etc., which are used to show why precision measures are depressed as well as the quality of the search engines crawling mechanism.FindingsThe paper shows how to use diagnostic measures in conjunction with precision in order to evaluate web search.Practical implicationsThe methodology presented in this paper will be useful to any information professional who regularly uses web search as part of their information seeking and needs to evaluate web search services.Originality/valueThe paper argues that the use of diagnostic measures is essential in web search, as precision measures on their own do not allow a searcher to understand why search results differ between search engines.
Non‐literal copying of factual information: architecture of knowledge
Authors: Eisenschitz Tamara 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe paper seeks to explore the rights of researchers to use facts gathered from previous authors, even when there are only one or a small number of sources, and also to explore the limits of non‐literal copying of textual materials.Design/methodology/approachThe paper consists of a conceptual analysis of legislation and cases that illustrate the effects of the law.FindingsThe paper finds that the charge of non‐literal copying of factual literary works is not accepted because of low levels of originality in structure of the material. Public policy based on the needs of scholarship provides a more predictable level of access to the contents of works.Practical implicationsOriginality arguments are always open to try again. Only a policy statement will give a degree of certainty.Originality/valueThe paper aids in distinguishing the originality and policy arguments and who benefits from each, and also relates this problem to the more familiar one of the protection of free speech.
Where do we go from here? An opinion on the future of LIS as an academic discipline in the UK
Authors: Weller Toni , Haider Jutta 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the current situation of academic LIS research, specifically in the UK and to provide some thoughts considering the future of the discipline. According to the opinion of the authors, this situation is characterised by a lack of cohesion, the need for justification of academic research in terms of its immediate applicability to the professional education of practitioners, and a disjuncture between the information profession and information research. The paper attempts to offer introductory thoughts regarding these circumstances.Design/methodology/approachThe current situation is briefly reviewed and commented on from the authors’ viewpoint. Aspects of Pierre Bourdieu's study of the university as a hierarchically structured field of forces are considered. Some reference is made to previous literature.FindingsThe paper advances the view that the role of academic LIS research, debate and theory formation needs to be strengthened and that this needs to be reflected in the curriculum more strongly.Originality/valueThe paper attempts to highlight consistently overlooked contributing factors, and thus aims to shift the perspective towards role and position of LIS research within academia, rather than vis‐à‐vis the professional education it is connected to. It aims to stimulate discussion of the current situation, of how it can be perceived, and of ways to address it.
A study of corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid by some benzene nitriles using the quantum chemistry calculation
Authors: Xie Xuejun , Pang Ling , Cao Shunan , Yang Wanqin , Yan Min , Gong Xunjie , Peng Keru 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a study of corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid by some benzene nitriles using the quantum chemistry calculation.Design/methodology/approachThe molecular structure and inhibition mechanism, and the relationship between inhibition efficiency of some benzene nitriles on carbon steel in the hydrochloric acid, were studied from a microcosmic viewpoint using the quantum chemistry calculation.FindingsThe calculation results showed that the inhibition efficiency of benzene nitriles on carbon steel in hydrochloric acid could be expressed by σN and ELUMO, and the greater σN absolute value and the lesser the value of ELUMO, then the greater the efficiency of the inhibitor. The regression equation for benzene nitriles is: η=2.665056−0.4447122ELUMO−10.92817σN r=0.9953128.Originality/valueThe paper offers insights into the application of the quantum chemistry calculation.
An evaluation of the corrosion behavior of aluminum surfaces in presence of fungi using atomic force microscopy and other tests
Authors: Silva A.M.A. , Santiago T.M. , Alves C.R. , Guedes M.I.F. , Freire J.A.K. , Vieira R.H.S.F. , da Silva R.C.B. 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThis paper seeks to report a preliminary study that was conducted in order to investigate the corrosion behavior of aluminum surfaces in aqueous solution in the presence of microorganisms. For this purpose, the fungus Aspergillus niger was tested in chloride‐containing aqueous media.Design/methodology/approachWeight loss and pH measurements were performed to verify the activity of the fungus on the aluminum surface and the atomic force microscopy technique was used to examine the surface after removing the biological film.FindingsThe pH of the media depended on the immersion time. Pitting attack was observed on the surface. The findings confirmed that the corrosion reaction of the aluminum was catalyzed by the presence of fungus and, simultaneously, the mean roughness of the aluminum surface was altered. After removing the biofilm, fungal hyphae hallmark was evident.Originality/valueUp until low, relatively few studies have addressed biofilm attack on materials, and especially attack on metallic surfaces in media contaminated by fungi. Hence, this paper is important for its contribution to the body of knowledge about biofilm action on metallic surfaces.
The future of organisational learning
Authors: Baldwin‐Evans Kay 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe paper's purpose is to compare and contrast employees' view of training and development with that of employers. It seeks to identify synergies between what employees want to learn and the way in which they would like to develop their skills, with the training made available to them by their organisations.Design/methodology/approachTwo separate but complementary surveys were carried out simultaneously: a qualitative study, consisting of in‐depth, face‐to‐face interviews with senior HR executives in large organisations from a cross spread of industry sectors, including Atos Origin, BDO Stoy Hayward, DHL, GSK, HBOS, ING Direct, LloydsTSB, Nestlé Purina, Parexel, Pilkington Group, Reuters, Royal Bank of Scotland, SITA, TDK, T‐Mobile, and Virgin Atlantic. The second survey was a quantitative web‐based survey, open to anyone in full time employment. Over 5,360 people participated and almost all industry sectors were represented, as was most of the public sector.FindingsThe findings focused on the following areas: employee engagement; quality, value and impact; the critical role of managers; employee productivity; focus on the learner; and the future vision.Practical implicationsThe paper provides HR professionals with a benchmark for shaping learning and development programmes.Originality/valueThe paper shares current best practice in organisational development and gives a steer on future delivery methods and approaches.
Leading a small business? No, it's a rugby club!
Authors: Stockdale Sue , Williams Steve 
Published: September 2007

PurposeCommunity rugby clubs are now becoming small businesses, which are mostly led by volunteers. This paper aims to document a case study on the Leadership Academy developed by the Rugby Football Union to improve the effectiveness of community rugby club leaders.Design/methodology/approachThe programme content is explained, and written evaluations and observations analysed to assess the effectiveness of the Leadership Academy as a tool in helping to develop the community rugby club leaders.FindingsThe results showed that the Leadership Academy helped the leaders to build stronger local relationships with other rugby clubs and to improve confidence levels. These outcomes are also factors that help small business owners become more effective as leaders.Originality/valueThe findings from this paper provide useful input for any other organisations or governing bodies that want to improve the effectiveness of their current or future leaders.
Dimensions of price satisfaction: a replication and extension
Authors: Matzler Kurt , Renzl Birgit , Faullant Rita 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to replicate and extend the findings of Matzler et al.'s recent paper on the dimensionality of price satisfaction. Furthermore, a test is performed to ascertain whether the relationship between satisfaction with the individual price dimensions and overall satisfaction is symmetric or asymmetric, as the three‐factor theory of customer satisfaction suggests.Design/methodology/approachBased on a random sample of 406 bank customers, the impact of five price dimensions (price‐quality ratio, price fairness, price transparency, price reliability, and relative price) on overall satisfaction is tested using structural equation modeling with Partial Least Squares (PLS). The asymmetric relationship is tested using regression analysis with dummy variables.FindingsThe results confirm Matzler et al.'s findings and show that price satisfaction can be conceptualized as a multidimensional construct and that the five price dimensions have a strong and significant impact on overall satisfaction. Furthermore, it is shown that the relationship between satisfaction of individual price dimensions and overall price satisfaction can be asymmetric, indicating that the three‐factor theory of customer satisfaction is applicable also to price satisfaction.Research limitations/implicationsThe study replicates previous findings and supports the multi‐dimensional nature of price satisfaction and shows that the three‐factor theory of customer satisfaction applies also to price satisfaction.Practical implicationsThe measurement of price satisfaction at the level of individual price dimensions and the assessment of asymmetric relationships provides managers with more precise data in order to take the right measures to increase satisfaction.Originality/valueThis paper confirms previous findings on the dimensionality of price satisfaction in a random sample of bank customers using structural equation modeling with PLS. Hence, it provides strong empirical support for Matzler et al.'s findings.
Answering the charge
Authors: Stammers Simon 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe paper aims to discuss the likely growth in bank charge reclaim volumes and the readiness of document systems to cope with statement requests within regulatory deadlines.Design/methodology/approachThe fieldwork for this paper examined the state of document management systems at over 30 of the country's institutions that offer current account facilities. The research was conducted through telephone interviews and took place during February and March 2007.FindingsOne in every 14 requests for copy statements in pursuit of claims for a refund of bank charges is not being met within the regulatory 40‐days period. If just half of the people who are potential claimants, but who have not yet processed a claim, do so, then this figure will rise to one in every nine requests not being answered within the designated timeline.Practical implicationsBanks are having to invest to meet the peak in claims‐based requests by either duplicating their microfilm archive and employing more people to handle claims, or digitising up to six years, worth of statements for ultra‐rapid retrieval. More strategically‐minded banks, however, are not seeing the current reclaim peak as an isolated incident, and are investing in systems which allow a free‐flow between microfilm archive and short‐term digital systems, so that spikes in enquiry demand can be rapidly accommodated without massive tactical cost in the future.Originality/valueThe paper illustrates how UK banks are coping with growing reclaim volumes.
End of the multinational: emerging markets redraw the picture
Authors: Inkpen Andrew , Ramaswamy Kannan 
Published: September 2007

PurposeAs global integration between firms and countries continues to march forward, managers and strategy analysts will have to find new ways to deal with globalization. Many of the founding assumptions of multinational corporation (MNC) strategy have undergone radical change. In this paper we examine five trends that MNC managers must consider as they create strategies to compete in the contemporary global marketplace.Design/methodology/approachPresents a discussion on five key trends that include: the end of the traditional multinational company and the emergence of a new approach to structuring and coordinating cross‐border activities; the declining relevance of geography and emerging interconnectedness across boundaries as industries globalize rapidly; the new wave of MNCs from India and China and their approach to global competition; the increasing relevance of crafting specifically tailored strategies to compete in emerging markets; and the imperative to manage knowledge on a global scale.FindingsContinued globalization is inevitable and there are few industries, if any, untouched by global competitive forces.Originality/valuePresent some of the key trends that are significant enough to warrant the attention of global managers in general and strategy planners in particular.
From online catalogs to library portals: empowering users
Authors: Khurshid Zahiruddin , Sajjad Ahmed Syed 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe paper aims to highlight both major and minor features of the library portal, which empowers users to get access to a wide variety of e‐resources with a single sign‐on.Design/methodology/approachThe study is mainly based on a review of the literature. It briefly discusses the transition from the library OPAC to the library portal.FindingsA library portal is an extension of the Web OPAC. It continues to improve with the new features and capabilities, some of which may go beyond the library portal.Originality/valueLibrary portals are changing too rapidly and the information would be out of date within a few months. So the currency of information is the value of this paper.