bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elucidating the pathway activity and prognostic significance of diverse cell-death patterns in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Sun Jiazheng , Sun Yalu , Guo Hehua , Nie Yalan , Zhou Sirui , Zeng Yulan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is one of the interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) with poor prognosis. Multiple regulated cell death (RCD) pathways are involved in regulating the progression of pulmonary fibrosis at different stages.
Methods
A total of 20 RCD pathways and crucial regulatory genes were collected from available literature. The study initially elucidated the profiling of 20 kinds of RCD pathways in normal and fibrotic lung tissues based on the scRNAseq dataset and bulk-RNAseq dataset. Targets associated with IPF were identified by Mendelian randomization analysis, and univariate Cox regression was used to further identify RCD-related genes significantly associated with overall survival (OS). A combination of 101 distinct machine-learning algorithms was utilized to develop a prognostic signature. In addition, we investigated the relationship between prognostic signature and clinical characteristics.
Results
By integrating scRNAseq data and bulk-RNAseq data, the study initially elucidated the pathway activity associated with distinct RCD patterns in IPF patients. In addition, following detailed research of various RCD patterns, the study developed the CDI signature with 13 genes, which combined with multiple machine learning methods to generate CDI signature has a strong predictive influence on the prognosis of IPF patients. As proven by independent datasets, IPF patients with high CDI had a poorer outcome. From the clinical characteristics, IPF patients with high CDI have impaired lung function. Finally, a nomogram with strong predictive ability was generated by integrating CDI with clinical characteristics.
Conclusion
In summary, we have developed a novel CDI model that effectively forecasts the clinical prognosis of patients with IPF by integrating various cell death patterns.
Educational Resilience among Tausug Indigenous People in Remote Communities: Basis for Policy Formulation
Authors: Talikan Allen I. , Ajan Rozia A. , Mami Wedar S. , Mohammad Abdulla I. , Salapuddin Rufaida S. , Busaňa Maryjoy A. , Radjuni Abubakar J. , Undug Nurjia , Jayani Padzmahal , Samain Wijra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study examined the educational resilience among the Tausug people, an indigenous Muslim group living in the Sulu Archipelago, Philippines. Despite their rich cultural heritage, the Tausug face various challenges in accessing quality education, such as geographic isolation, poverty, cultural barriers, and social conflict. The concept of educational resilience focuses on how individual, familial, community, and systemic factors interact to influence educational achievement. This research investigated how the Tausug way of life, rooted in Islamic tradition and cultural practices, promotes educational resilience. The study employed a descriptive research method, conducting individual unstructured interviews. The participants included different school stakeholders. The data analysis revealed the challenges faced by the Tausug, such as remote locations, limited resources, financial constraints, and traditional gender roles. However, the study also identified coping strategies such as communal support systems, valuing education for improving lives, and aspiring for a better future. The Tausug's resilient spirit is evident in their strong sense of respect for elders, and cultural values on knowledge. These elements create an environment that nurtures learning and provides the necessary support to achieve educational goals. Based on these findings, the study proposes policy recommendations to enhance educational access, including decentralized education with targeted funding and resource sharing, culturally responsive teacher training programs, scholarships and financial aid programs to address financial barriers, addressing geographic isolation through infrastructure development and transportation solutions, culturally sensitive curriculum materials, and integration of local knowledge, as well as community engagement initiatives to encourage parental involvement and establish community learning centers.
Development of a premenstrual syndrome scale for workplaces
Authors: Takenoshita Chihiro , Shimizu Kisho , Iida Miho , Taka Fumiaki , Maeda Eri , Nomura Kyoko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

We aimed to develop a new screening tool for premenstrual syndrome (PMS) to be used in the workplace. In October 2021, we recruited 3,239 working women with menstruation via an internet research company and asked 47 questions about PMS-related symptoms. Of the participants, 331 women had experienced PMS (10%), and 393 women had taken sick leave because of PMS-associated symptoms. Explanatory factor analyses with maximum likelihood and Promax rotation identified four domains with 27 items, including "Autonomic dysfunction symptoms'' (13 items, Cronbach’s α = 0.93), "Psychiatric symptoms" (6 items, Cronbach’s α = 0.94), "Lack of work efficiency" (5 items, Cronbach’s α = 0.93), and “Abdominal symptoms” (3 items, Cronbach’s α = 0.95). Using a split-half sample for the confirmatory factor analysis, moderately fit model indices for the four-factor solution were confirmed. We also confirmed the developed scale’s criterion validity using existing PMS screening criteria and its concurrent validity through high correlation coefficients with Copenhagen Burnout Inventory scores. The receiver operating characteristic curve yielded a good predictive ability for work absenteeism, including a sensitivity of 78%, a specificity of 57%, and an area under the curve of 0.735. A highly reliable and valid new scale for PMS was developed with efficacy for screening for work absenteeism.
Predictive potential of cuproptosis-related genes in multiple myeloma: Comprehensive analysis based on bone marrow whole-genome sequencing
Authors: Kang Zhongmin , Li Licheng , Huang Yuying , Wang Jishi , Li Mengxing , Li Qinshan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose: The primary objective of this study was to identify potential CRGs in patients with MM and develop a predictive model to enhance prognostic outcomes for individuals with MM.
Methods: We leveraged transcriptome sequencing data from patients with MM, combined with clinical information from the TCGA-MMRF dataset and the GSE4581 dataset from the GEO database. Through analysis, we pinpointed three genes—CDKN2A, PDE3B, and UBE2D1 that exhibited a significant association with the prognosis of patients with MM. This association was confirmed through a combination of univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Subsequently, we employed LASSO-Cox regression analysis to construct a risk-prognostic model centered around these three CRGs.
Results: Notably, the model revealed that high-risk patients with MM experienced significantly shorter overall survival times. Intriguingly, We have unveiled a propensity for high-risk patients with MM to develop an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Finally, to substantiate our findings, we conducted in-depth examinations of the expression of these three CRGs at the cellular level using quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting.
Conclusion: Our research collectively reveals the molecular scenery in the MM microenvironment through the development of a prognostic model focused on CRGs.
Convolutional Neural Network Applied in Anaerobic Reactors of Domestic Sewage
Authors: Pykosz Leandro Correa , Diogenes Alysson Nunes , Guerios Maura H. S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The need for sustainability within the ETES (sewage treatment stations), to take advantage of the residue and turn it into raw materials, depends on an important step which is the care with the anaerobic reactor variables. Only with care at the beginning of the sewage treatment process will it be possible to ensure a waste that can be used as a raw material for commercial use or in the station itself. To this end, based on monitoring data obtained in scientific work, convolutional neural networks were trained to model and indicate that the use of artificial intelligence in domestic sewage treatment stations was feasible. Data obtained from two scientific papers were grouped in the same ETE, in the same temporal lapse, the data were refined and normalized. In this article, RNA was applied to predict the methane flow (CH4), the model has good estimates for the data sets. The results obtained show that the developed model provides reliable estimates with response variables and shows that the most effective architecture of forecasts was using convolutional networks with a hidden layer with 8 neurons and sigmoid activation function, this configuration was obtained in the greatest convergence in Prediction of methane flow.
Development of a DXA-Based Risk Score for Cardiovascular Outcomes Among Older Adults: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study
Authors: Chen Lihui , Wang Xinran , Lin Tian-Ze , Xiang Hao , Liu Hua , Xu Shen , Yue Jirong , Wu Chenkai 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide and its risk factors have long been investigating in epidemiological studies. Although the Framingham Risk Score provided an estimate for cardiovascular risk, it did not utilize the body compositions biomarkers. Therefore, our study aims to develop a body composition-based score and incorporate the score into the FRS for better predicting cardiovascular disease among initially well-functioning older adults. 1,882 older adults in the Health, Aging and Body Composition (Health ABC) study were included in our study to screen body composition variables obtained from the Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). We developed the 4-DXA risk score model from the selected variables, refitted the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), incorporated the 4-DXA risk score into the FRS, and compared these developed prediction models. C-statistics were 0.58, 0.62, and 0.63 respectively. Compared to the refit FRS, the net reclassification index and the integrated discrimination index was 0.012 (95% CI: 0.0068–0.018) and 0.12 (95% CI = 0.021, 0.22) for the refit FRS plus the 4-DXA model. Inclusion of body composition indices slightly improved the model performance for predicting CVD. Further research is needed to validate the score accuracy in a higher-risk population.
Cardiorespiratory and Aerobic Demands of Squat Exercise
Authors: Hong Sunghyun , Oh Minsuk , Oh Chang-Geun , Lee Hae-Dong , Suh Sang-Hoon , Park Hyon , Lalande Sophie , Tanaka Hirofumi , Jeon Justin Y. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Squatting, a traditional resistance exercise classified as strength training, relies on anaerobic pathways, but its aerobic aspects remain unclear. We examined heart rate and oxygen demand during squats, exploring variations across different strength statuses. It fills gaps in understanding the cardiorespiratory effects of squatting, especially during multiple sets. Twenty-two young healthy resistance trained men (age: 28±4 years) participated. Maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O2max) and 1 repetition maximum (RM) of squat were measured. Participants performed 5 sets of squat exercises at 65% of 1RM for 10 repetitions with 3-min rest intervals. Heart rate and pulmonary gas exchange were measured during the squat exercise. Participants were divided into high strength (HS) and low strength (LS) groups based on a median split of their 1 RM squat values. During 5 sets of squat exercise, oxygen consumption (V̇O2) increased up to 47.8 ± 8.9 ml/kg/min, corresponding to 100.6% of predetermined V̇O2max. The HS group achieved a greater highest point of V̇O2in relation to V̇O2max than the LS group (108.0 vs. 93.7%). During the exercise intervals, V̇O2exceeded V̇CO2, while during the rest intervals, V̇CO2surpassed V̇O2. Our findings suggest that the oxygen demand during squatting is notably substantial, which may vary according to the training status.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Vancomycin in Pediatric Patients: Defining a Therapeutic Drug Window
Authors: Zhang Tao , Yi Jingjing , Cheng Hua , Han Xinyan , Wang Yan , Xie Jiao , Yang Qianting , Hu Sasa , Dong Yalin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections among children are escalating annually. Vancomycin stands as the frontline therapeutic agent against MRSA infections. However, determining the therapeutic window for vancomycin in pediatric patients remains a challenge.
Methods
This retrospective study collected data from hospitalized children aged 1 month to 18 years, who underwent routine therapeutic drug monitoring for vancomycin. We analyzed the distribution patterns of vancomycin concentrations in these patients. Factors influencing clinical outcomes and adverse reaction (nephrotoxicity) were investigated. ROC analysis was used to establish the therapeutic window for vancomycin in pediatric patients.
Results
A comprehensive dataset encompassing 183 pediatric patients with 330 samples was analyzed. The mean trough concentration (Cmin) of vancomycin was 7.6 ± 5.5 mg/L. 74.3% of patients exhibited concentrations below the conventionally recommended therapeutic window of 10–20 mg/L. Patients responding positively to treatment exhibited significantly higher Cmin values (8.4 ± 5.7 mg/L) compared to those with treatment failure (5.9 ± 4.4 mg/L, P = 0.006). Similarly, patients who developed nephrotoxicity had significantly elevated Cmin levels (17.8 ± 5.3 mg/L) compared to those without nephrotoxicity (6.4 ± 3.9 mg/L, P < 0.001). Both univariate and multivariate logistic regressions revealed that the Cmin of vancomycin was the predictor of both clinical outcomes and adverse reaction. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis pinpointed that Cmin of vancomycin with 5.9 mg/L and 14.8 mg/L associated with clinical effectiveness and safety, respectively.
Conclusion
Referring to the therapeutic window of adults, vancomycin underexposure in pediatrics is serious extremely. Based on our findings, we propose a revised therapeutic window of 5.9–14.8 mg/L for vancomycin in pediatric patients, which could aid in optimizing treatment outcomes and minimizing adverse effects.
Classification of accident prevention practices against unintentional injuries of preschool children at home: Developmental process and associations with other variables in Japanese families
Authors: Kojima Yasuo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Preschool children often experience unintentional injuries at home, which are an important public health issue worldwide. In this study, the content and types of accident prevention practices for unintentional injuries of preschool children in families were investigated using a Japanese sample.
Methods
A total of 875 mothers with children between the ages of 6 months and 6 years and 11 months participated in the online survey. Respondents answered the items regarding specific strategies to prevent unintentional injuries at home, temperament and independence of lifestyle habits and behaviors of their child, as well as their parenting attitudes.
Results
Correspondence analysis was conducted based on 26 items of accident prevention practices against unintentional injuries to extract two dimensions (eigenvalues: .286, .062, cumulative contribution rate: 34.8%), and cluster analysis was conducted using Ward's method with the Euclidean distance measure based on the scores of each of these two dimensions, deriving three clusters. The first cluster (n=517) comprised the preventative group which kept objects that could lead to injuries away from children in advance; the second cluster (173 participants) explicitly prevented children from approaching or contacting dangerous places or objects; and the third cluster (185 participants) was attentive to each effort to discourage children's contact with dangerous places. Cluster 1 was more common in the 0-year age group, Cluster 2 in the 1- and 2-year age groups, and Cluster 3 in the 4–6-year age groups. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the more independent the children were regarding lifestyle habits and behavior, the more likely they were to be classified in the second cluster, and the more parents had an encouraging attitude for their children to take on challenges, the more likely they were to be classified in the third cluster.
Conclusion
The process of changing strategies to prevent unintentional injuries indicated that the home space gradually opened up to children as they aged.
Subthalamic and Nigral Stimulation for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson disease: randomized pilot trial
Authors: Artusi Carlo Alberto , Ledda Claudia , Gallo Silvia , Rinaldi Domiziana , Campisi Corrado , Rousseau Vanessa , Thalamas Claire , Barbosa Raquel , Fabienne Ory-Magne , Brefel-Courbon Christine , Rascol Olivier , de Barros Amaury , Harroch Estelle , zibetti maurizio , Rizzone Mario Giorgio , Romagnolo Alberto , Imbalzano Gabriele , Lopiano Leonardo , Houeto Jean Luc , Fabbri Margherita 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Freezing of gait (FoG) is a debilitating symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) with limited response to dopaminergic medication and subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS). Substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) stimulation could improve FoG.
Objectives
To analyze the effect of combined STN-SNr stimulation at different frequencies on FoG.
Methods
We performed a double-blind, cross-over, randomized pilot trial involving STN-DBS treated PD patients with FoG. Participants received: high-frequency (HF) STN-DBS (S), combined HF-STN and SNr stimulation (C1), and combined HF-STN and low-frequency (LF) SNr stimulation (C2), for one month each. The primary endpoint was the score change in the New-Freezing-of-Gait-Questionnaire (NFOG-Q). Secondary analyses were performed on motor complications, axial symptoms, daily living activities, psychiatric symptoms, sleep, and patient preference.
Results
Fifteen patients received at least one combined stimulation. No significant difference in NFOG-Q scores was found between S, C1, and C2; one-third of patients showed a clinically significant improvement (≥ 8 points) with combined stimulations. Motor complications improved significantly with C1 and C2 (C1-S: 3.6 ± 3.8 vs. 4.9 ± 3.8, p = 0.046; C2-S: 2.7 ± 3.1 vs. 4.9 ± 3.8, p = 0.005). 80% of patients preferred the combined STN-SNr stimulation while blinded. All adverse events were manageable.
Conclusions
Our study did not prove a statistically significant improvement in NFOG-Q with STN-SNr stimulation; however, one-third of patients experienced a clinically meaningful FoG improvement, and the majority preferred to maintain STN-SNr stimulation. STN-SNr stimulation was both safe and effective in addressing motor complications and improving sleep quality, highlighting the importance of further exploration into the effects of combined STN-SNr stimulation.
Utility of a Three-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network-based Renal Function Prediction Using Kidney MRI in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Nagawa Keita , Hara Yuki , Inoue Kaiji , Yamagishi Yosuke , Koyama Masahiro , Shimizu Hirokazu , Matsuura Koichiro , Osawa Iichiro , Inoue Tsutomu , Okada Hirokazu , Kobayashi Naoki , Kozawa Eito 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A three-dimensional convolutional neural network model was developed to predict renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Dixon-based T1-weighted in-phase (IP)/opposed-phase (OP)/water-only (WO) images. Seventy-three patients with severe renal dysfunction (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] <30 mL/min/1.73 m2, CKD stage G4–5); 172 with moderate renal dysfunction (30≤ eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, CKD stage G3a/b); and 76 in the control (eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2, CKD stage G1–2) groups participated in this study. The model was applied to the right, left, and both kidneys, as well as for each imaging method (T1-weighted IP/OP/WO images). The best performance was obtained when using bilateral kidneys and IP images, with an accuracy of 0.862 ± 0.036. The overall accuracy was better for bilateral kidney models than that for unilateral kidney models. Our deep-learning approach using kidney MRI could apply to the evaluation of renal function in patients with CKD.
Evaluation of environmental radioactivity and heavy metal pollution in mining areas in Malatya (Turkey)
Authors: Kayakökü Halime , Kuluöztürk Muhammed Fatih 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The radioactivity levels of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs radionuclides were measured in soil samples collected from Hekimhan-Kuluncak mining areas in Turkey using gamma spectrometry with high-purity coaxial Ge detector. In soil samples, the 226Ra, 232Th and 40K concentrations obtained for the S-10 (Bıyıkboğazı) sample and the P15 (Deveci) sample are above the world average limit values. The average Raeq value was calculated as 87.8 Bq/kg. The Raeq values for all soil samples were below the world average value of 370 Bq/kg. Furthermore, the calculated average value of the air-absorbed gamma dose rate from terrestrial gamma radiation was 43.3 nGy/h. The average value obtained for the calculated values of the air absorbed gamma dose rate is lower than the worldwide recommended average value of 60 nGy/h. The average value calculated for the annual effective dose rate is 53.1 µSv/y, which is below the average value of 70 µSv/y. In addition, the mean values for the internal and external hazard indices were 0.31 and 0.28, respectively, which are smaller than the limit value of 1. Based on the results obtained, it can be said that the level of radioactivity in the region cannot cause radiological harm to the health of living organisms. The average excess lifetime cancer risk value for all samples in the study was 0.18×10-3, which is lower than the world average of 0.29×10-3. As a result of heavy metal analysis, the results obtained for Zn, Cr and Cu in soil samples were found to be below the limit values. The results obtained for Ni were below the limit values except for P3 (Çayköy) and P12 (Hasançelebi). All PLI values calculated for the present study are less than 1. This means that there is no pollution in the area under investigation.
Resolving Distal Vessel Occlusions Caused by Migrated Emboli: Outcomes of Modified Stent Retrieval Technique
Authors: Ahn Hong Suk , Park Jung Hyun , Ahn Jun Hyong , Jeon Hong Jun , Cho Byung Moon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a modified stent retrieval technique that controls the unsheathing level of the microcatheter in resolving distal vessel occlusions caused by migrated emboli. From January 2016 to February 2022, the modified stent retrieval technique was applied to 24 of 445 patients with acute large vessel occlusion strokes in the anterior circulation, featuring secondary embolus migration into M2, M3, A2, or A3 branches. The procedure included radiopaque stent retrieval systems, including Trevo XP 4 x 20 mm and Solitaire Platinum 4 x 20 mm. Coverage range was adjusted through partial re-sheathing of the delivery microcatheter after full unsheathing. After recanalizing the primary large vessel occlusion, secondary distal vessel occlusion occurred in 12/6/4/2 patients in the M2/M3/A2/A3 branches, respectively (time from puncture to primary large vessel occlusion recanalization: 45.5 ± 17 min). The modified TICI score was 2a and 2b in 8 and 16 patients, respectively, for primary large vessel occlusion. The one-pass rate of secondary distal vessel occlusions was 70.8%, and 23 of 24 patients achieved a final recanalization rate of at least TICI 2c at the migrated distal vessel occlusion (mean duration: 23.2 ± 14 min) without significant complications. At 3 months, 16 patients achieved favorable functional outcome (mRS, 0–2). Thus, this modified technique was simple and effective, demonstrating both safety and efficacy in resolving distal vessel occlusion caused by migrated emboli.