bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthese und Anwendung von 14C‐markiertem Pyrokohlensäurediäthylester
Authors: Fischer E. , Schelenz R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractDie Synthese von zwei mit 14C unterschiedlich markierten Pyrokohlensäurediäthylestern wird beschrieben. Der einfach darzustellende Pyrokohlensäurediäthylester ist ein ausgezeichnetes Mittel zur Synthese auch von sonst schwierig zugänglichen markierten Estern und Carbäthoxyverbindungen. Während Pyrokohlensäure‐diäthylester‐(Carbonyl‐14C) nur zur Synthese 14C‐markierter N‐, S‐, und O‐Carbäthoxyverbindungen brauchbar ist, liefert Pyrokohlensäurediäthylester‐(Äthyl‐14C) sowohl 14C‐markierte Äthylester als auch 14C‐markierte Carbäthoxyverbindungen.
Synthesis of O‐ethyl‐S‐phenyl‐14C(U)‐ethylphosphonodithioate
Authors: Kalbfeld Jules , Pitt Harold M. , Hermann Donald A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractO‐Ethyl‐S‐phenyl‐ethylphosphonodithioate (1) a broad spectrum soil insecticide (2) was uniformly labeled in the benzene ring with Carbon‐14 to expand the residue and metabolism information (3) gained from previous labelings of this compound (4).
The synthesis of 14C‐labeled chlorogenic acid
Authors: Debardeleben J. F. , Teng L. C. 
Published: October 2006

Abstract14C‐Labeled chlorogenic acid (specific activity 30.6 nCi/mg) was synthesized by reaction of diphenylmethyl‐1‐0‐ethoxy‐carbonyl‐4,5‐0‐isopropylidenequinate (V) with 0,0‐dimethylcarbonyl caffeoyl chloride‐α‐14C (VIII) followed by selective hydrolysis of the protecting groups.
The preparation and purification of labelled β‐adrenergic blocking agents. Part I. Synthesis of carbon‐14 and tritium labelled 1‐isopropylamino‐3‐(1‐naphthyloxy)‐propan‐2‐ol hydrochloride, (propranolol hydrochloride, inderal
Authors: Burns J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe preparation of 14C‐propranolol hydrochloride from 1‐naphthol‐1‐14C is described. Several preparations of the compound have been carried out with overall radiochemical yields of 17 %‐21 %. Specific activities of 3.51 μCi/mg, 8.8 μCi/mg, and 23.2 μCi/mg have been obtained.Propranolol has also been tritium labelled non specifically by catalytic exchange with tritiated acetic acid. After extensive purification pure material with a specific activity of 940 μCi/mg was obtained.
The synthesis of some pyrimidine derivatives labelled with 14C
Authors: Jezdić V. , Razumenić N. , Skakun M. , Albahari S. , Odavić‐Josić J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe procedures for synthesis of the following pyrimidine derivatives have been described (yields are given in brackets) : 2‐thiouracil‐2‐14C (94 %), uracil‐2‐14C (91 %), 2‐thiothymine‐2‐14C (92 %), thymine‐2‐14C (90 %), 5‐bromouracil‐2‐14C (95 %) and orotic acid‐6‐14C (68 %). All these substances are chemically and radiochemically homogeneous and pure. The procedures develop according to the known reaction schemes with some modifications offering better yields. A new apparatus has been constructed for the synthesis of orotic acid‐6‐14C enabling continuous work in the dry nitrogen atmosphere. Specific activities are 28–30 mCi/mmole. The activities used were 60 mCi, and for the orotic acid‐6‐14C 30–180 mCi.
T. C. in acidic media
Authors: Hamada Masayuki , Kiritani Reiko 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTritium labelling of aromatic compounds in a few acidic media and the intramolecular distributions of radioactivities in the tritiated compounds were investigated. Various kinds of aromatic compounds were treated with powerful acid complex, TH2PO4.BF3, or some other tritiated acids at room temperature. Aromatic compounds having electron‐donating substituents were easily labelled with tritium and the radioactivity in each compound was predominantly found at the ortho‐ and para‐positions of aromatic ring. Meanwhile, substituents which withdraw electrons from the aromatic ring inhibit the incorporation of tritium. Benzene and naphthalene were also labelled with tritium only when they were treated with TH2PO4 · BF3. This method was, however, not available for the nitrogen containing compounds. The reaction mechanism was also discussed.
Preparation of tritium labelled estetrol [estra‐1,3,5(10)‐ triene‐3,15α,16α,17β‐ tetrol 6,7‐3H]
Authors: Fishman Jack , Guzik Henry 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe preparation of the tritium labelled fetal metabolite estra‐1, 3, 5 (10)‐3, 15α, 16α, 17β‐tetrol 6,7‐3H is described. The material was prepared by oxidation of the tetrol tetraacetate lb to the 6‐keto derivative II. Reduction of the 6‐ketone to the 6‐hydroxy compound III and dehydration with dimethylsulfoxide gave the Δ6 derivative III. Reduction of III with tritium followed by hydrolysis gave the tetrol‐3H with a specific activity of 43 curies/mmole.
On the relative conversion of 6,7‐3H‐estrone to 3H‐15α‐hydroxyestrogens and 3H‐7α‐hydroxyestrogens by Glomerella fusarioides
Authors: Frey Michael J. , Jirku Helmut , Levitz Mortimer 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMixtures of 6, 7‐3 H‐estrone and 16‐14C‐estrone were fermented in media of Glomerella fusarioides. Conversions of each form of estrone to 15α‐hydroxyestrone (15α‐OHE1) and 7α‐hydroxyestrone (7α‐OHE1) and in one experiment to 15α‐hydroxyestradiol (15α‐OHE2) and 7α‐hydroxyestradiol (7α‐OHE2) were compared. The metabolites were separated and purified by repeated column chromatography on Celite. Similar to results reported for non‐isotope studies, 14C‐estrone was converted to more 7α‐hydroxyestrogens than 15α‐hydroxyestrogens. The reverse was true for the tritiated substrate. The difference is attributed to an isotope effect resulting in diminished hydroxylation of the tritiated substrate at C‐7 with concomitant enhanced hydroxylation at C‐15 where no isotope effect would be expected. Reduction to 17β‐hydroxyestrogens also occurred, but quantitative significance for this pathway was confined to the 15α‐hydroxy compound.
Synthesis of t‐butyl‐2H9‐thiophenes
Authors: Fowler Rosemary G. , Higgins Robert W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractInteraction of 2‐thienylmagnesium bromide with t‐butyl chloride2H9 yielded 2‐(t‐butyl‐2H9) thiophene and 3‐(t‐butyl2H9) thiophene. Likewise, interaction of 5‐t‐butyl‐2‐thienylmagnesium bromide with t‐butyl chloride‐2H9 yielded 2,4‐di(t‐butyl‐4‐2H9) thiophene and 2,5‐di(t‐butyl‐5‐2H9) thiophene. The labeled mono‐t‐butyl‐thiophenes and the labeled di‐t‐butylthiophenes were separated by preparative gas chromatography. The structures of the four labeled compounds were established from infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. Nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectral data indicated that each of the deuterium labeled isomers were of high isotopic purity (99.22 % or better).
Synthèses du Phénol marqué en positions spécifiques par le tritium et le carbone 14
Authors: Bettens B. , Gonze J. M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe synthesis of tritiated phenols in o, p and hydroxyl positions have been realized. The tritiated phenol in m position will be obtained by similar process.The synthesis of phenols 1−14C and 2,6−14C has been made by basic condensation of acetone on nitromalonaldéhyde.For each compounds: The different synthesis from inactive products were realized to obtain the best yields and the selected scheme has been applied to labelled derivates.The purity of the products was determined by gas‐liquid chromatography.Their activity was measured by liquid scintillation.Les phénols 1−14C et 2,6−14C ont été synthétisés par condensation basique de l'acétone et du nitromalonaldéhyde.Les phénols 3−14C, 4−14C et 5−14C n'ont pas été pris en considération.Pour chacun des composés on a: — réalisé différentes synthèses à partir de composés inactifs, en vue de dégager les plus favorables.— effectué l'analyse des produits obtenus par chromatographie en phase gazeuse, afin de déterminer leur degré de pureté.— réalisé les synthèses choisies au moyen du tritium et du carbone 14. Les mesures d'activité ont été réalisées par scintillation liquide.
The synthesis of dehydro‐2‐norbornyl and 2‐norbornyl derivatives labeled at C‐3 with 14C
Authors: Lee C. C. , Kung F. L. , Hahn Bo‐Sup , Robson Adrian J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe synthesis from 14CO2 of various endo‐ and exo‐3−14C‐dehydro‐2‐norbornyl and 2‐norbornyl derivatives, suitable for use in isotopic scrambling studies, is described.
The synthesis of N‐ε‐2,4‐dinitrophenyl‐3,5,6−3H‐L‐lysine
Authors: Osinski P. A. , Bluard‐Deconinck J. M. , Schanck Karin 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe N‐ε‐2,4‐dinitrophenyl‐3,5,6‐3‐lysine has been prepared from the 1‐fluoro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene‐3,5,6−3H and from the N‐α‐carbobenzoxy‐L‐lysine. The specific activity obtained was 9,9 Ci/mmole and the radiochemical yield was of 34%. The use of this product in biological experiments is discussed.
Labelling of 1‐benzyl‐1‐(3′‐dimethylaminopropoxy)‐cycloheptane fumarate (active substance of the drug Halidor®) with 14C isotope
Authors: Bánfi D. , Volford J. , Pallos L. , Zólyomi G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn order to study the pharmacological properties and mode of action of 1‐benzyl‐1‐(3′‐dimethylaminopropoxy)‐cycloheptane fumarate its labelling was performed with 14C. The radioactive carbon has been introduced into the benzyl group and into the dimethylamino moiety of the dimethylaminopropoxy side chain. The chemical and radiochemical purity of the two isotopic isomers was proved by thin layer chromatography and autoradiography.
Synthesis of 3α, 11β, 17α, 21‐tetrahydroxy‐[1−3H]‐5α‐pregnan‐20‐one, [1−3H]‐reichstein's compound C
Authors: Narasimha Rao P. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn order to fully understand the metabolic transformations of adrenocortical steroids, labelled 3α, 11β 17α,211‐tetrahydroxy‐5α‐pregnan‐20‐one, Reichstein's Compound C was required. Starting from hydrocortisone, the synthesis of [1−3H]‐Reichstein's Compound C has been accomplished.
Markierte verbindungen VIII (1) tetrachloräthylen‐(14C) und tetrachlorkohlenstoff‐(14C)
Authors: Boberg Friedrich , Khalaf Hosni , Habenstein Klaus 
Published: October 2006

AbstractStarting with trichloromethane‐(14C), tetrachloroethylene‐(14C) and tetrachloromethane‐(14C) are prepared by cracking of octachloropropane‐(14C) (6a). The mechanism of catalytic and thermal cracking of 6a are discussed.
Contribution to the synthesis of 2‐deoxy‐D‐ribose‐1−14C
Authors: Soukupová V. , Vereš K. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFor introducing 14C into position 1 of 2‐deoxyaldoses, methods based on prolongation of the carbon chain usually come into consideration since one can proceed from simple and inexpensive 14C‐compounds. Such a possibility is offered by the method of Fisher and Sowden(1, 2) which was applied by a number of other authors.
Markierte verbindungen X (1) mechanssmus der reaktion von hexachlorpropen zu trichloracrylsäure
Authors: Boberg Friedrich , Khalaf Hosni 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe pentachloropropenylium‐ion is proved as intermediate for the reaction of hexachloropropene to trichloroacyclic acid in the reaction systems of Table 1. Moreover 14C‐ and 36Cl‐labelled chloro‐C2‐ and chloro‐C3‐compounds are synthesized.
Small‐scale degradation of carbon‐14 labelled carboxyl acids. III. Degradation of acetic acid−14C
Authors: Numrich R. , Nystrom R. F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA simple and rapid degradation procedure is described for the determination of the millimolar radioactivity of the methyl and carboxyl groups in carbon‐14 labelled acetic acid. The barium salt of the acid is converted to barium carbonate and carbon dioxide by using pyrolysis in tandem with combustion at 500°C.
Synthèse de l'amino‐2 pyrimidine 14C‐2; de la N4‐di (chloro‐2 n‐propyl) sulfadiazine (pyrimidine 14C‐2) ou CB 1932 14C
Authors: Nguyen‐Hoang‐Nam  , Herbert Michel , Nguyen‐Dat‐Xuong  , Pichat Et Louis 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA description is given of the preparation of N4‐di(2‐chloro n‐propyl) sulphadiazine (pyrimidine 14C‐2), specific activity: 16.6 mCi/mM, for cancer research. As intermediate product 2‐amino pyrimidine 14C‐2 which has not hitherto been described was obtained.
Synthèse du méthylène‐24 cholestérol 28−14C
Authors: Bottin Jean , Marcel Fétizon Et 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA synthesis of 24‐methylene cholesterol, labelled at C28, is described. The key intermediate is 3β‐t‐butoxy‐chol‐5‐ene‐24‐al, which is formed by silver carbonate oxidation of the corresponding primary alcohol.
Substances naturelles marquées au carbone14 I. Synthèse d'un isomère de la triacanthine: La N6‐[méthyl‐3 butényl‐2 (14C‐1)] adénine
Authors: Nguyen‐Van‐Bag  , Herbert Michel , Nguyen‐Hoang‐Nam  , Pichat Louis , Nguyen‐Dat‐Xuong  
Published: October 2006

AbstractCarbonation by 14CO2 of the Grignard derivative from 1‐isobutenyl bromide gave with a yield of 94% 3,3‐dimethylacrylic acid 14C‐1 which was esterified by diazomethane into methyl 3,3‐dimethylacrylate 14C‐1. The latter was reduced by LiAlH4 + AlCl3 into 3‐methyl‐2‐buten‐1‐ol 14C‐1 then converted to l‐bromo‐3‐methyl‐2‐butene 14C‐1 by treatment with PBr3. N‐(3‐methyl‐2‐butenyl) phthalimide 14C‐1 was obtained by action of potassium phthalimide on the bromide in D. M. F. The liberation of 3,3‐dimethylallylamine 14C‐1 and its condensation with 6‐chloropurine led to N6‐[3‐methyl‐2‐butenyl(14C‐1)] adenine with a radioactive overall yield of 14% based on Ba14CO3, specific activity: 38 mCi/mM.
Mise en évidence de groupements actifs dans les alkylpyrimidines. Étude de la mobilité des Hydrogènes par échange isotopique hydrogène‐deutérium. I. ‐ Étude cinétique qualitative
Authors: Dizabo Pierre , Monier Jean‐Claude , Pompon Alain 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMethyl groups bound to heterocyclic rings may, in certain circumstances, exchange hydrogen for deuterium. This exchange has been studied for alkyl or amino‐alkylpyrimidines in acid medium. The qualitative results obtained as a function of acidity, substituant location and temperature confirm the reaction mechanism proposed by Brown except in the case of amino‐2 dimethyl‐4, 6 pyrimidine.
Preparation of tritium‐labelled phenethanolamines by catalytic reduction
Authors: Comer W. T. , Roth H. R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTritium‐labelled plenethanolamines have been readily prepared by catalytic reduction of corresponding α‐aminophenones. Erythro phenethanolamine racemates are exclusively formed by Pd‐catalyzed reduction of α‐alkyl‐α‐aminophenones. In one case, an α‐aminophenone was further reduced by tritium to the phenethylamine, which has never been observed with catalytic hydrogenation under similar conditions. In this manner, three adrenergic agents have been labelled for metabolism and tissue distribution studies: sotalol‐7−3H hydrochloride, soterenol‐7−3H hydrochloride, and mesuprine‐7−3H hydrochloride.
Synthesis of 5‐trifluoromethyluracil‐2−14C
Authors: Zambito Arthur J. , Chamberlin Earl M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractDiethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate was condensed with thiourea−14C in the presence of sodium ethylate to give ethyl 2‐thio‐6‐oxypyrimidine‐5‐carboxylate‐2−14C. Desulfurization of the latter pyrimidine with chloroacetic acid gave uracil‐5‐carboxylic acid‐2−14C, which was subsequently fluorinated with sulfur tetrafluoride and hydrogen fluoride to afford the desired 5‐trifluoromethyluracil‐2−14C in 25.6% overall yield based on thiourea.
Syntheses of tritium labeled nonionic detergents
Authors: Iwahashi Makio , Tajima Kazuo 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTritiated nonionic detergents, tri‐ and hexaoxyethylene glycol dodecyl ether, have been synthesized by condensation of triethylene glycol and dodecan‐2,3−3H, 3H‐ol‐1, which was obtained by tritiation of 2‐dodecenol as the condensation product of decanal and malonic acid. They are found to be chemically, radiochemically and surface‐chemically pure enough for adsorption experiments by radiotracer method.
Synthesis and purification of betamethasone‐1,2,4−3H and betamethasone‐1,2,4−3H 17‐benzoate
Authors: Merrill Edward J. , Vernice Gerald G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBetamethasone 21‐acetate was catalytically reduced with tritium. The crude product was oxidized with 2,3‐dichloro‐5,6‐dicyano‐1,4‐benzoquinone (DDQ) to betamethasone‐1,2,4−3H 21‐acetate. Hydrolysis gave betamethasone‐1,2,4−3H, which, when allowed to react with trimethylorthobenzoate, gave both betamethasone‐1,2,4−3H 17,21‐methylorthobenzoate and betamethasone‐1,2,4−3H 17,21‐orthobenzoate. Selective hydrolysis of the betamethasone‐1,2,4−3H methylorthobenzoate gave the desired betamethasone‐1,2,4−3H 17‐benzoate.
Preparation of tritium‐labeled compounds. IV. A group of steroids by exposure to tritium gas
Authors: Thomas Richard C. , Ikeda George J. , Reineke Lester M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHydrocortisone, 21‐desoxy‐9α‐fluoro‐6α‐methylprednisolone, and 6α‐methylprednisolone, 21‐acetate were labeled with tritium by the Wilzbach tritium‐gas exposure method. The latter compound was also tritiated by exposure to tritium gas in the presence of a platinum‐black catalyst. Although extensive purifications were required, in each case radiochemically pure material of sufficiently high specific activity for its intended use was obtained. Incorporation of stably bound tritium was nine times greater by catalytic tritiation than by the conventional Wilzbach method.
Synthèse du citrate de (diéthyl‐amino‐éthoxy‐carbonyl) 3 pyridine (Nicametate) marqué par le 14C
Authors: Lintermans J. , Benakis A. , Williams J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractStarting from sodium acetate 14C‐1, the citrate of diethylamino‐ethanol nicotinic acid ester was labelled with 14C on the esterified ethanol. The chemical and radiochemical purity of the products obtained at the intermediary steps was checked by GLC. The end product was purified on thin‐layer chromatography after identification by autoradiography. The purity of the end product is of 99,8% and its specific activity of 20 mCi/mM.
Methodes d'acces AU methanol ‐ D4
Authors: Ahmadi Ahmad , Herbert Michel , Pichat Louis 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSimple methods for the preparation of methanol D4 have been explored.The “carboxy‐inversion” reaction has been applied to acetyle m‐chloroperoxybensoate, prepared with a 81% yield by action of m‐chloroperoxybenzoic acid with acetyl chloride. The carboxy inversion reaction yield is only 15%. This transposition is solvent dependent. When the solvent used is chlorinated e. g. C CL4, C CL2 = C Cl2 it participates in the reaction.The oxydation of acetic anhydride with iodine does not provide methyle acetate while the method is successfull with the higher homologues.A modification of the Hunsdiecker's method : e. g. action of bromine on acetic acid in presence of mercuric oxide provides methyl bromide with a 90% yield. Alcaline hydrolisis of the latter gives rise to methanol with a 60% yield.An exchange reaction between dimethylsul foxide D6 and methanol OD in heavy water at 200°C in presences of NaOD has been briefly studied. CD3 OD is obtained while a part of DMSO D6 is reduced into dimethyl sulfide.
An enzymatic method for the preparation of L‐ [1‐14C] glycerol
Authors: Blackmore P. F. , Clark M. G. , Williams J. F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBiologically labelled [1‐14C] glycerol (L‐[1‐14C] glycerol) was prepared by a two step process. Step one involved the preparation of [1‐14C] glycerol 3‐phosphate from 14CO2 and D‐ribulose 1, 5‐diphosphate using the enzymes, ribulose diphosphate carboxylase, phosphoglycerate kinase, glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase, triose phosphate isomerase and L‐α‐glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. Step two involved the conversion of [1‐14C] glycerol 3‐phosphate to [1‐14C] glycerol, by enzymatic dephosphorylation.Based on the criteria of the constancy of the specific activity of glycerol and its derivatives, namely glycerol tribenzoats and glycerol p‐nitrobenzoate, the compound was concluded to be pure. Degradation by methods which discriminate between DL‐ [1‐14C] glycerol, D‐[1‐14C] glycerol and L‐[1‐14C] glycerol indicated the compound to be L‐[1‐14C] glycerol.
Isotopic scrambling in the reported synthesis of dehydro‐2‐ norbornyl and 2‐norbornyl derivatives labeled at C‐3 with 14C
Authors: Lee C. C. , Kung F. L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe recently reported synthesis of C‐3 labeled dehydro‐2‐norbornyl and 2‐norbornyl derivatives (1) was found to be in error. Only about 70% of the 14C‐label was located at C‐3, the other 30% being found at C‐2. One of the steps in the original synthesis, involving the conversion of ethylene chlorohydrin to ethylene cyanohydrin, was shown to be responsible for this isotopic scrambling.
Arginine‐rich polypeptides in saline extract of chlorella pyrenoidosa‐ 14C
Authors: Nejedly Zdenek , Hybs Karel 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe radiochromatographic analysis of the hot 10% sodium chloride extract of the alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa‐ 14C indicated the presence of compounds rich in L‐arginine, besides of nucleic acids and glucose‐type polysaccharide estimated previously. L‐Arginine is present in a bound form, most likely as a protamine‐type polypeptide or a histone‐type protein containing L‐arginine as a dominant component, besides of smaller amounts of L‐glutamic acid, L‐aspartic acid and L‐serine, A simple procedure of the isolation of L‐arginine‐ 14C/U/ from the saline extract of radioactive Chlorella cells, on a preparative scale, is described.
Synthesis of 14C‐uridine‐5′ ‐triphosphate by enzymes of escherichia coli cell‐free extracts
Authors: Pumpen P. , Gren E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractCrude cell‐free extracts of Escherichia coli AB 259 Hfr 3000, thi‐perform multistep conversion of 14C‐uracil to 14C‐UTP in vitro in the presence of D‐ribose/or ribose‐5‐phosphate/, ATP and ATP‐regenerating system. ATP concentration is crucial for significant 14C‐UTP production. Quantitative yield of the product combined with relatively simple procedure and inexpensiveness of initial materials makes the method advantageous for large‐scale preparation of 14C‐UTP.
Synthesis of ethyl 4‐(3, 4, 5‐trimethoxycinnamoyl)‐ [2, 5‐14C] piperazinyl acetate and ethyl 4‐(3, 4, 5‐trimethoxy[β‐14C] cinnamoyl) piperazinyl acetate
Authors: Hardy G. , Sword I. P. , Hathway D. E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis paper describes the synthesis (i) of ethyl 4‐(3, 4, 5‐trimethoxycinnamoyl) ‐ [2, 5‐14C] piperazinyl acetate via [2, 5‐14C] piperazine, and ethyl [ 2, 5‐14C] piperazinyl acetate, and (ii) of ethyl 4‐(3, 4, 5‐trimethoxy [β‐14C] cinnamoyl)piperazinyl acetate via 3, 4, 5‐trimethoxybromobenze and 3, 4, 5‐trimethoxybenz [14C] aldehyde.The unequivocal preparation of 3, 4, 5‐trimethoxybromobenzene is described, and other methods for the preparation of 3, 4, 5‐trimethoxybenz [14C] aldehyde are examined.
A convenient synthesis of 2 ‐ [14C] ‐ hordenine
Authors: Digenis George A. , Burkett J. W. , Mihranian V. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA simple and convenient laboratory procedure is described by which hordenine (III), labelled at the carbon residing on the benzene ring, can be synthesized by decarboxylation of 3‐ [14C]‐tyrosine (1) and subsequent reductive methylation of the resulting tyramine (II).
The synthesis of butylnitrosourea ‐ 1 ‐ 14C
Authors: Howarth G. B. , Craig A. W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe synthesis of butylnitrosourea‐1‐14 C is described starting from sodium cyanide‐14C. Nucleophilic displacement of bromine in 1‐bromopropane with labelled cyanide ion gave butyronitrile‐1‐14C which was reduced with lithium aluminium hybride to butylamine‐114C. The amine was isolated as its hydrochloride salt which was converted to butylurea‐1‐14C by reaction with urea. Nitrosylation of the resulting substituted urea, without its isolation, gave the title compound in an overall yield of 32% based on sodium cyanide‐14C. The reaction between butylamine and silicon tetraisocyanate was investigatd as a possible alternative synthesis of butylurea. This approach gave unsatisfactory results and was not utilised in the radiochemical synthesis. Butylnitrosourea in solution has been found to be very unstable to light.