bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Universal Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Snapshot Within the Big Picture
Authors: Duby John C. , Johnson Chris Plauché 
Published: March 2009

CME Educational Objectives

1.
Objectively define developmental screening and developmental surveillance and how these are deployed in the office setting.

2.
Describe an inclusive strategy to monitor for signs of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) within the context of general developmental surveillance.

3.
Discuss the logistics of universal screening for ASD in the office setting with special attention to feasibility and benefits when balanced against other time/cost pressures in the office setting.
A Survey of Ophthalmology Residents' Attitudes Toward Pediatric Ophthalmology
Authors: Hasan S. Jafar , Castanes Maria S. , Coats David K. 
Published: March 2009

Purpose:
To assess the level of ophthalmology resident interest in pediatric ophthalmology.

Methods:
An 18-item 5-point Likert scale was used to determine interest in pediatric ophthalmology among ophthalmology residents in the United States.

Results:
The response rate was 23% (316 of 1,341). Of the respondents, 74% agreed they had a clinical role model in pediatric ophthalmology, 66% perceived a good job market for this field, and 67% cited liking strabismus surgery. The majority of residents (56%) found pediatric patients difficult to examine and 50% stated income levels for pediatric ophthalmologists are low.

Conclusions:
Although most residents have an overall positive view about pediatric ophthalmology, few indicate interest in pursuing a fellowship. Specifically, most residents reported having a clinical role model in pediatric ophthalmology, perceiving a good job market, and liking strabismus surgery, whereas few residents had interest in further pediatric training and many found pediatric patients difficult to examine and income levels low.

[J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2009;46:25–29.]
Comparison of StratusOCT and Cirrus HD-OCT Imaging in Macular Diseases
Authors: Brennen Peter M. , Kagemann Larry , Friberg Thomas R. 
Published: March 2009

Background and Objective:
The Cirrus HD-OCT (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) device is a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography system that allows faster data acquisition than the previous generation StratusOCT (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA), which is a time-domain device. The authors compared images from both units to determine the clinical usefulness of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography technology in patients with macular diseases.

Patients and Methods:
Six consecutive patients were imaged with both the Cirrus HD-OCT and the StratusOCT devices and the images were compared.

Results:
Cirrus HD-OCT images were typically more useful than StratusOCT images for assessing fine architectural details in macular pathology. The Cirrus HD-OCT software also facilitated a better understanding of three-dimensional data volumes.

Conclusions:
Commercially available spectral-domain optical coherence tomography is a clinically useful tool for visualizing and understanding macular diseases and offers benefits not inherent in previous generation machines.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2009;40:25–31.]
Carbon Nanotubes, Single‐Walled: Functionalization by Intercalation
Authors: Shiozawa Hidetsugu , Pichler Thomas , Pfeiffer Rudolf , Kuzmany Hans 
Published: March 2009

Abstract
The article reviews recent progresses in functionalization of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT). Detailed studies of electronic, chemical, and structural properties of intercalated and filled carbon nanotubes using state‐of‐the‐art spectroscopic and microscopic techniques are described. Intercalation with alkali metal allows one to fine tuned the electron‐doping level of SWCNT. A photoemission study of potassium intercalation compounds of SWCNT bundles unveils a transition of the metallic ground state of a SWCNT bundle from Tomonaga–Luttinger liquid state to Fermi liquid state. In turn, the filling of single‐walled carbon nanotubes with fullerenes and organic molecules facilitates a reality of nanochemistry using carbon nanotubes as a nanoreactor. A combined spectroscopic and microscopic investigation of the interconversion of encapsulated fullerenes and organic molecules unveils either a catalytic or a noncatalytic process for the inner‐tube growth from different filler precursors. Such encapsulated reactions vary the chemical status of filling material which eventually leads to a modulation of the doping level of the carbon nanotube host.
A General Approach to Semimetallic, Ultra‐High‐Resolution, Electron‐Beam Resists
Authors: Zong Bao‐Yu , Han Gu‐Chang , Zheng Yuan‐Kai , An Li‐Hua , Liu Tie , Li Ke‐Bin , Qiu Jin‐Jun , Guo Zai‐Bing , Luo Ping , Wang Hao‐Min , Liu Bo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractCommercial electron‐beam resists are modified into semimetallic resists by doping with 1–3 nm metal nanoparticles, which improve the resolution, contrast, strength, dry‐etching resistance, and other properties of the resist. With the modified resists, fine resist nanopatterns from electron‐beam lithography are readily converted into 5–50 nm, high‐quality multilayers for metallic nanosensors or nanopatterns via ion‐beam etching. This method solves the problem of the fabrication of fine (<50 nm) metallic nanodevices via pattern transferring.
Ecofriendly synthesis, antimicrobial and antispermatogenic activity of triorganotin(IV) complexes with 4′‐nitrobenzanilide semicarbazone and 4′‐nitrobezanilide thiosemicarbazone
Authors: Chaudhary Pratibha , Swami Monika , Sharma D. K. , Singh R. V. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractNew series of triorganotin(IV) complexes with 4′‐nitrobenzanilide semicarbazone (L1H) and 4′‐nitrobenzanilide thiosemicarbazone (L2H) of the type [R3Sn(L)] (R = ‐CH3, ‐C6H5 and n‐C4H9) were synthesized under microwave irradiation. All the complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, conductance measurements, molecular weight determinations and spectral data, viz., IR, UV–vis, 1H, 13C and 119Sn NMR. The central tin atoms of these complexes are all five‐coordinated with trigonal bipyramidal geometry. In order to assess their growth inhibitory potency semicarbazone, thiosemicarbazone and their triorganotin(IV) complexes were tested in vitro against some pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Also the ligands and their organotin(IV) complexes were studied to assess the effects of long‐term ingestion of these compounds on fertility, body and reproductive organ weights. The biochemical analyses were also performed on blood samples and reproductive organs of male rats. The findings have been presented in this paper. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Response surface modeling and optimization for production of ammonia from urea in a batch reactor
Authors: Sahu J. N. , Patwardhan Anada V. , Meikap B. C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAmmonia is applied to removal of NOx contaminates contained in a flue gas stream from energy producing boilers and increase of efficiency of an electrostatic precipitator for removal of fly ash from flue gas stream from a boiler using fossil fuel. In this study, urea hydrolysis for production of ammonia, in different application areas that requires safe use of ammonia, was investigated in a batch reactor. The single and combined effects of operating parameters such as initial feed concentrations, temperature, time and stirring speed on the production of ammonia from urea were analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM). A 24 full factorial central composite experimental design was employed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a high coefficient of determination value (R2 = 0.976) and satisfactory prediction second‐order regression model was derived. The optimum production conditions were determined as temperature, 180 °C; initial feed concentrations, 22.24 wt% of urea; time, 74.9 min and stirring speed, 1150 rpm. At optimum conversion conditions, the conversion of urea for production of ammonia was found to be 75.65%. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fabrication of multilayer ceramic membranes
Authors: Zyryanov V.V. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe development of multilayer mixed conducting oxide membranes on macroporous dead‐end tubular composite glass/ceramic substrates is presented. Sol modification of glass/ceramic substrate enhances the performance of catalytic membrane reactor (CMR) with reduced thickness of ceramic layers. The shrinkage misfit between support and ceramic layers can be regulated by different processing steps including sol modification of substrate and preliminary annealing of ceramic powders. Nanopowders of compatible complex perovskites as membrane materials were obtained by mechanochemical synthesis. Porous and dense ceramic layers were supported onto the internal wall of substrate by slip casting of slurries comprised of the narrow fractions of agglomerated powders dispersed in organic media with addition of surfactants. For SrFeO3‐based dense perovskite ceramics, both dynamics of oxygen loss at high temperatures and mechanical properties were found to be affected by the presence of SrSO4 surface inclusions formed due to sulfur admixture in starting reactants. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects induced by gamma irradiation on free‐volumes, mechanical, and thermal properties of flame‐ and non flame‐retardant polyvinylchloride
Authors: Salem E. F. , Mostafa N. , Hassan M. M. , Mohsen M. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractFlame‐retardant polyvinylchloride (FRPVC),typically used in cable insulation and jacketing construction for multi‐purpose reactor (MPR) at Atomic Energy Authority of Egypt, as well as carbon‐black FRPVC (CB‐FRPVC) and nonflame‐retardant PVC and CB‐PVC materials produced by Egyptian Electrical Cable Company (EECC), have been irradiated up to 160 KGy, at room temperature with a 60Co gamma source. Free‐volumes and thermal stability of irradiated and nonirradiated PVC samples have been examined using positron annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In addition, the mechanical properties: tensile strength and elongation at break were examined. Considerable presence of flame‐retardant and carbon black additives in CB‐FRPVC sample led to both quenching and inhibition of Ps formation. The mechanical and thermal characterization showed that irradiation of PVC samples up to 80 KGy effectively induced cross‐linking to maxima. Higher doses then after results in degradation and thus a decrease in mechanical strength. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Preparation and structure control of hollow polymer particles: Influence of seeded emulsion polymerization and alkalization treatment process
Authors: Zhang Qinghua , Yang Zhongbing , Zhan Xiaoli , Chen Fengqiu 
Published: March 2009

AbstractHollow polymer latex particles containing a hydrophilic core were prepared by seeded emulsion polymerization with MAA/BA/MMA/St as comonomers, followed by stepwise alkalization treatment with ammonia. The size and morphology of composite latex particles was determined by TEM. The effects of the seeded emulsion polymerization conditions and alkalization treatment on the size and hollow structure of latex were investigated. The results showed that the optimum content of crosslinking agent in the shell polymers was about 0.5–1.0 wt %, emulsifier was about 0.8–1.1 wt %, and the core/shell weight ratio was 1/7. To obtain uniform hollow latex particles with large size, the starved feeding technique should be adopted in seeded emulsion polymerization, and the neutralization temperature should equal to the Tg of the shell polymer. Then, the obtained polymer particles under this condition had an excellent hollow structure. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Noncompartmental pharmacokinetics analysis of glucose‐stimulated insulin response in African–American and Caucasian youths
Authors: Xie Lanyi , Hoffman R. P. , Veng‐Pedersen Peter 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe objective of this study was to examine the differences in glucose and insulin responses between African–American and Caucasian youths and to determine the associations of between‐group differences with sex, body mass index (BMI) and pubertal status using a noncompartmental pharmacokinetic approach. Sixteen African–American and 22 Caucasian healthy adolescents were tested using the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test. Longitudinal t‐tests across each observation revealed that (1) African–American youths have higher insulin concentrations between 4 to 19 min; (2) insulin levels remained similar as subjects were grouped according to sex and pubertal status; (3) for glucose, the only difference was found as it approached steady‐state basal level (>100 min) between groups with different BMIs. Linear regression showed that insulin concentrations between 4 to 19 min are associated with BMI in Caucasians. African–American youths were found to have higher insulin responses after glucose stimulation and the insulin concentrations were more related to BMI in Caucasians compared with African–Americans. BMI also has a significant effect on the glucose steady state basal level. The acute insulin response to glucose (AIRg) extended to 20 min resulted in a more significant racial difference (p<0.0006) compared with the calculation done over 10 min suggested in the past (p<0.001). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The ZMF: Is it a reliable intraoperative guide for the IOF?
Authors: Gupta Tulika , Gupta Sunil Kumar 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIntraoperative localization of the inferior orbital fissure (IOF) is necessary when making an osteotomy across the zygomatic bone while performing an orbito‐zygomatic craniotomy. The zygomatico‐facial foramen (ZMF) may serve as good reference point for locating the IOF. In this study, the position of the ZMF was assessed and its location in relation to the IOF was measured in 78 skulls. The ZMF was present in 83.3% of the skulls and when present, was related to the lateral end of the IOF in all cases. The mean distance of the ZMF from the IOF was 15.6 mm, and the mean distance between the ZMF and the fronto‐zygomatic suture was 25.9 mm. In skulls where the ZMF was absent, the mean distance of the inferior orbital rim (at the level of IOF) from the fronto‐zygomatic suture (20.7 mm) could be used for determining the position of the IOF. The IOF could thus be located ∼15–16 mm medial to the ZMF in the same transverse plane. The location of the ZMF could also be used as a landmark for determining the inferior limit of the orbito‐zygomatic craniotomy. Clin. Anat. 22:451–455, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Facile Synthesis of Catalytically Active Platinum Nanosponges, Nanonetworks, and Nanodendrites
Authors: Lin Zong‐Hong , Lin Meng‐Han , Chang Huan‐Tsung 
Published: March 2009

AbstractFacile synthesis: Pt nanosponges, nanonetworks, and nanodendrites (see figure) are synthesized through a unique galvanic replacement reaction between Te nanowires and PtCl62− ions in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The three Pt nanomaterials all have large active surface areas and highly electrocatalytic activities for the oxidation of methanol.magnified imageIn this paper, we report a simple approach for the preparation of various porous Pt nanomaterials (NMs) in aqueous solution. Employing different temperatures and concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), we obtained Pt nanosponges, Pt nanonetworks, and Pt nanodendrites from the reduction of PtCl62− ions via galvanic replacement reactions with Te nanowires (length: 879 nm; diameter: 19 nm). At ambient temperature, Pt nanosponges and Pt nanodendrites formed selectively in the presence of SDS at concentrations of <10 mM and>50 mM, respectively. At elevated reaction temperatures, we obtained Pt nanonetworks and Pt nanodendrites in the presence of SDS at concentrations of <10 mM and >50 mM, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy images revealed that these Pt NMs were all composed of one dimensional Pt nanostructures having widths of 3.0±1.0 nm and lengths of 17.0±4.8 nm. Cyclic voltammetry data indicated that the as‐prepared Pt nanonetworks, nanosponges, and nanodendrites possessed large electrochemically active surface areas (77.0, 70.4, and 41.4 m2 g−1, respectively). For the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol, the ratio of the forward oxidation peak current (If) to the backward peak current (Ib) of the Pt nanodendrites, nanosponges, and nanonetworks were all high (If/Ib=2.88, 2.66, and 2.16, respectively). These three NMs exhibit greater electrocatalytic activities and excellent tolerance toward poisoning species for the oxidation of methanol when compared with the performance of standard Pt NMs.
Electronic Energy Transfer to the S2 Level of the Acceptor in Functionalised Boron Dipyrromethene Dyes
Authors: Harriman Anthony , Mallon Laura J. , Goeb Sébastien , Ulrich Gilles , Ziessel Raymond 
Published: March 2009

AbstractTaking the high road: Highly efficient electronic energy transfer takes place from a set of appended aryl polycyclic hydrocarbons to an expanded boron dipyrromethene (Bodipy)‐based dye (see figure) despite negligible spectral overlap with the lowest‐energy excited state localised on the acceptor.magnified imageA multi‐component array has been constructed around an expanded boron dipyrromethene (Bodipy) dye that absorbs and emits in the far‐red region. One of the appendages is a perylene‐based moiety that is connected to the boron atom of the terminal Bodipy by a 1,4‐diethynylphenylene connector. Despite the fact that there is almost negligible spectral overlap between fluorescence from the perylene unit and absorption by the Bodipy residue, electronic energy transfer is rapid and essentially quantitative. It is concluded that at least half of the photons absorbed by perylene are transferred to the upper‐lying singlet excited state (S2) associated with the Bodipy‐based acceptor. The second appendage is a pyrene unit that is covalently linked to fluorene, through an ethynylene spacer, and to the boron atom of the Bodipy terminus, through a 1,4‐diethynylphenylene connector. Pyrene absorbs and emits at higher energy than perylene and there is strong spectral overlap with the Bodipy‐based S2 state, and none with the corresponding S1 state. Electronic energy transfer is now very fast and exclusively to the S2 state of the acceptor. It is difficult to compute reasonable estimates for the rates of Coulombic energy transfer, because of uncertainties in the orientation factor, but the principle mechanism is believed to arise from electron exchange. Comparison with an earlier array built around a conventional Bodipy dye indicates that there are comparable electronic coupling matrix elements for the two systems. It is notable that pyrene is more strongly coupled to the Bodipy unit than perylene in both arrays. These new arrays function as highly effective solar concentrators.
ChemInform Abstract: Two for the Price of One — Resolvable Polymorphism in a “Single Crystal” of α‐ and β‐Sb3O4I.
Authors: Hugonin Zuzana , Johnsson Mats , Lidin Sven 
Published: March 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Three Sandglass‐Type Molybdophosphates Obtained via a New Route: Synthesis and Characterization of X7[PMo8O30] (X: Na+, K+, NH4+).
Authors: Bai Yan‐Chun , Liu Li‐Ping , Yan Xing‐Juan , Chu Wei , Zhu Ying‐Ying , Song Yu‐Ting , Huang Ru‐Dan 
Published: March 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies in N‐Amino‐3‐aza Cope Rearrangements.
Authors: Gloria Paulo M. C. , Prabhakar Sundaresan , Lobo Ana M. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium(II) Complexes Bearing a Pyridyl‐Supported Pyrazolyl—N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NNC) Ligand and Their Catalytic Activity in the Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones.
Authors: Zeng Fanlong , Yu Zhengkun 
Published: March 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Trifluoroethanol as a Metal‐Free, Homogeneous and Recyclable Medium for the Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of α‐Amino Nitriles and α‐Amino Phosphonates.
Authors: Heydari Akbar , Khaksar Samad , Tajbakhsh Mahmood 
Published: March 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Dinickel(II) Complexes of Bis(N‐heterocyclic Carbene) Ligands Containing [Ni2(μ‐OH)] Cores as Highly Efficient Catalysts for the Coupling of Aryl Chlorides.
Authors: Zhou Yongbo , Xi Zhenxing , Chen Wanzhi , Wang Daqi 
Published: March 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Selective Synthesis of Dimethyl 3‐Alkylamino Itaconates.
Authors: Arfaoui Aicha , Beji Feten , Ayed Taicir Ben , Amri Hassen 
Published: March 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of α‐Siloxy Esters Using a Silylated Masked Acyl Cyanide.
Authors: Nemoto Hisao , Ma Rujian , Kawamura Tomoyuki , Yatsuzuka Kenji , Kamiya Masaki , Shibuya Masayuki 
Published: March 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: PEG‐N2O4: An Efficient Nitrating Agent for the Selective Mono‐ and Dinitration of Phenols under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Zolfigol Mohammad Ali , Madrakian Elaheh , Ghaemi Ezat , Niknam Khodabakhsh 
Published: March 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.