bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VIRUS SEROLOGY AND SERUM IgE LEVELS IN CHILDREN WITH ASTHMATOID BRONCHITIS
Authors: FOUCARD T. , BERG T. , JOHANSSON S. G. O. , WAHREN B. 
Published: January 2008

SummarySeventy‐two children with wheezing related to respiratory tract infections have been investigated regarding virus serology and serum IgE levels. Positive virus serology with the CF technique was achieved in 18 % to RS virus in spite of absence of epidemics. Seroconversion to ECHO‐viruses types 3, 6, 7, 9 and 11 was seen in altogether 18%. Antibody titers indicating infections with parainfluenzavirus, adenovirus or influenza A‐2 virus were found less frequently. Twenty‐one of the infants had high IgE levels and these infants had allergic heredity, recidivating symptoms, former atopic manifestations and eosinophilia in blood and secretions more often than the infants with normal IgE. Positive virus serology was found as often in the infants with high IgE as in those with normal IgE. Determinations of the serum IgE levels seem to be of value in assessing the possible atopic component in children with asthmatoid bronchitis.
INFLUENCE OF LONG TERM GROWTH HORMONE THERAPY ON GLUCOSE TOLERANCE AND INSULIN SECRETION
Authors: ZUPPINGER K. A. , JOSS E. E. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryDaily secretion of growth hormone (GH) in the normal child is unknown and may not be assessable in the near future. The dosage of human growth hormone (HG) commonly used in hypopituitary growth retardation is purely empirical. Growth is in general successfully accelerated by HGH but would presumably be stimulated also by higher than physiological doses. Our study consisted of a longitudinal evaluation of the effects of HGH on glucose tolerance, free fatty acids and immunoreactive insulin in three children with primordial growth retardation and two children with GH deficiency over six to twenty‐seven months. Two additional hypopituitary children were studied twelve and eighteen months after onset of HGH therapy. In all patients there was no discernible effect on the parameters studied at the dosage used (HGH (Raben 10 mg/m2/ week in three divided injections). This finding supports the assumption that the dose of HGH commonly used is indeed physiological in regard to carbohydrate metabolism.
THE INFLUENCE OF OROTIC ACID ON THE SERUM BILIRUBIN LEVEL OF MATURE NEWBORN
Authors: SCHWARZE R. , KINTZEL H. W. , HINKEL G. K. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryFifty‐two mature newborn were treated with a daily dose of 200 mg of orotic acid from their 1st to their 5th day of life. An equally large number of untreated children served as a control group. Contrary to the premature infants, in the mature newborn no decrease in the serum bilirubin was achieved by administration of orotic acid. The question of the possible mode of action of the orotic acid is discussed.
PLASMA INSULIN AND K VALUES DURING INTRAVENOUS GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST IN NEWBORN INFANTS WITH ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FOETALIS
Authors: MØLSTED‐PEDERSEN LARS , TRAUTNER HANS , JØRGENSEN KAJ. R. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryPlasma insulin was determined during i.v. glucose tolerance test (GTT) performed 3 hours after birth in the fasting state in 18 infants with erythroblastosis foetalis (e.f.) and in 11 control infants.Mean fasting plasma insulin concentration as well as the insulin concentration at each time during the i.v. GTT and the disap pearance rate of glucose (K value) were significantly higher in the e.f. infants than in the control group. E.f. infants—as a group—exhibit hyperinsulinism at birth.Between birth weight and fasting insulin concentration and between birth weight and K value significant positive correlations were found.The plasma insulin concentration after the i.v. glucose load showed an even increase, reaching a maximum in 40–60 min in the e.f. group, fundamentally the same pattern that was observed in the normal group, but different from that in infants of diabetic mothers.It is stressed that the hyperinsulinism in e.f. infants is probably of a genesis different from that in infants of diabetic mothers.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE PLACENTAL TRANSFUSION ON THE CAPILLARY BLOOD GAS AND ACID‐BASE BALANCE IN THE NEWBORN INFANT
Authors: INGOMAR C. JOH. , KLEBE J. G. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryOf 77 normal newborns, 42 were clamped early while 35 were clamped late. Using capillary blood from an unwarmed heel, the hema‐tocrit and the acid‐base balance of the two groups were compared. During the first day of life the hematocrit of late‐clamped newborns was fairly constant and higher than that of early‐clamped babies, the latter showing a definite fall 2–24 hours after birth. Regarding the acid‐base balance, no difference was found between the two groups of newborns except when measurements were performed 3–5 hours after birth. At this time actual pH and standard bicarbonate were lower in late‐clamped babies than in early‐clamped, while PCO2 was identical. On the basis of the hematocrit findings it is proposed that the placental transfusion, by creating oedema of the interstitial space, may contribute to the well known discrepancy between the acid‐base status of the capillary and the arterial blood of the newborn.
THE EFFECT OF MODERATE HYPOCAPNIA ON THE CEREBRAL ARTERIO‐VENOUS DIFFERENCE OF ACETOACETATE, d‐β‐HYDROXYBUTYRATE AND OXYGEN IN CHILDREN
Authors: SETTERGREN G. , PERSSON B. , DAHLQUIST G. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryCerebral arterio‐venous differences of aceto‐acetate, D‐β‐hydroxybutyrate, glucose, glycerol, FFA, lactate, pyruvate and oxygen were determined during normo‐ and hypocapnia in children anaesthetized in connection with surgical operations or X‐ray procedures. Cerebral flow equivalent values were used to calculate the relative changes in uptake or production of substrates during hypocapnia. The uptake of ketone bodies was proportional to the cerebral blood flow and to the arterial concentration. In comparison with reported values in adults the estimated uptake of ketone bodies at a given arterial concentration was about four times higher in children. During hypocapnia, but not during normocapnia children had a significant lactate production. The vasodilating effect of carbon dioxide on the cerebral blood vessels seems to be the same in children and adults.
FIBRINOLYTIC ACTIVITY IN LUNG TISSUE FROM NEONATES WITH HYALINE MEMBRANE DISEASE
Authors: EKELUND H. , PANDOLFI M. , ÖSTBERG GÖREL , BJERNSTAD A. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryThe fibrinolytic activity of lung tissue was studied with Todd's histochemical method in a material of 29 newborn infants containing normal lungs, hyaline membrane disease, atelectasis and massive pulmonary haemorrhage. No significant difference was found between a group of hyaline membrane lungs and a group of atelectatic lungs without hyaline membranes. In one case with massive pulmonary haemorrhage the activity was high.Our findings make it questionable whether a lack of plasminogen activator in the lung of infants with hyaline membrane disease is a consistent finding and argue against an alteration of the intrapulmonary fibrinolytic system being of any major importance in the formation of the membranes.
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF FOUR‐YEAR‐OLD CHILDREN
Authors: KUHLER LENNART 
Published: January 2008

SummaryAn unselected population of 2 447 four‐year‐old children in two communities in southern Sweden underwent a physical examination as part of a general health control. The general health was very good, mean weight was 17.2 kg, mean height 104.2 cm, mean Hb 12.7 g/ 100 ml. Anaemia (<11 g/100 ml) was detected in 20 children (0.9%). The mean blood pressure was 100/54. No child with persistently elevated blood pressure was found.Practically all serious handicaps were detected and already taken care of before the age of 4 years.Altogether 164 children (6.7%) were referred to specialists for newly detected deviations, and 144 (5.9%) were reported back. In 52 children, 2.2%, minimal brain dysfunction was diagnosed, half of them having other neurological disturbances besides clumsiness and hyperactivity. Five children (0.2%) had other neuro‐muscular deviations, such as myo‐pathia, hemiplegia, polyneuropathia. Including children already under professional care, 3% showed a significant degree of motor dysfunction.The cardiac findings were sparse; the prevalence of heart diseases at this age was about 6/1 000, all already detected.Phimosis was the cause of referral in 12 boys (0.9%). The prevalence of retentio testis was 0.9% at this age.The orthopaedic findings were also confined to minor disabilities with little influence on the child's development and well‐being: 31 children (1.3%) had pronounced flat‐feet with complaints from the feet or the legs. Another 5.2% were already under current care for flat‐feet.From a questionnaire to the parents, some children could be designated as having neurological disorders, but the information was not selective enough to be of practical value as a screening instrument.
PERINATAL MORTALITY
Authors: PETTERSSON FOLKE , MELANDER STIG , LAGERBERG DAGMAR 
Published: January 2008

SummaryFrom November, 1967, to the end of December, 1969, perinatal deaths among 7 190 consecutive single births in the University Hospital of Uppsala, Sweden, were analysed in a study using multiple regression analysis and a program for selecting optimal combinations of explanatory variables.The overall perinatal mortality rate, expressed as stillbirths and early infant deaths per 1 000 births, was found to be 15.2; the coefficient of determination was 0.2245. A significantly higher perinatal mortality rate was found for the children of the youngest and the oldest mothers, of mothers with immunizations, breech deliveries, toxaemias, short gesta‐tional periods, and for low‐weight and congenitally malformed children. Babies of primi‐parae with breech deliveries and of smoking mothers showed lower perinatal mortality rates than children of corresponding contrasted mothers, a finding which may at first seem surprising but which can probably be given a natural explanation.The selection of optimal combinations of explanatory variables gave predictor trees which can be utilized for determination of favourable and unfavourable combinations of factors associated with perinatal death. Some individual cases of foetal deaths were analysed in detail. The study ends in a discussion of possible preventive measures to be taken in order to prevent perinatal deaths in the future.
DENTAL HEALTH OF FOUR‐YEAR‐OLD CHILDREN
Authors: KÖHLER LENNART , HOLST KERSTIN 
Published: January 2008

SummaryAn unselected population of 1 567 four‐year‐old children in one urban and one rural community in Southern Sweden were investigated for dental disorders as part of a general health control. The mean number of defs (decayed, extracted and filled surfaces) was 7.73 in Lund (urban) and 13.07 in Dalby (rural). The number of caries‐free children was 26.4% and 11.4%, respectively, and the number of “emergency‐cases” was 10.6% and 21.7%, respectively. Significantly better oral health was found in higher socio‐economic groups. A regression analysis showed that the most important factors for the prevention of caries and gingivitis were infrequent between‐meal eating, tooth‐brushing with help from the parents and oral administration of fluoride at an early age, in that order.An experimental group of 697 four‐year‐old children who had got the benefit of a new caries‐preventing program for 2 years at the Child Health Centres showed a significant reduction of caries, from 26.4% caries‐free children to 42.0%.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF LETTERER‐SIWE DISEASE IN THE NEONATAL PERIOD
Authors: WE'ITRELL G. , SVENNINGSEN N. W. , NORDENFELT E. , LINDHOLM KARIN 
Published: January 2008

SummaryThe clinical manifestations of congenital Let‐terer‐Siwe disease in a newborn baby have been described. Diagnostic procedures including biopsy of skin lesions and fine‐needle aspiration of existing lymph nodes should be performed without delay as early treatment may induce remission.
PAROXYSMAL TACHYCARDIA IN INFANCY AND CHILDHOOD II. Paroxysmal Ventricular Tachycardia and Fibrillation
Authors: VIDEBÅEK J. , ANDERSEN ELLEN DAMGÅRRD , IACOBSEN J. RAMSØSE , SANDØSE E. , WENNEVOLD A. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryA retrospective 3–20‐years follow‐up study of 1 infant and 10 children with paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia (8 cases) or fibrillation (3 cases) is presented. Additional heart disease has been observed in 60% (myocarditis 3 cases, cardiomyopathy 3 cases, congenital heart disease 1 case). Symptoms of tachycardia were: palpitation, tiredness, weakness, dyspnoea, precordial and abdominal pain. Syncopes were observed in 3 cases; 1 child had no symptoms. Tachycardia of hours to days' duration have been noted in 8 patients, 7 had tachycardia of repetitive type with a‐v dissociation, one continuous tachycardia without any intervening sinus beats after the onset of tachycardia and with retrograde atrial activation. The remaining 3 children had brief malignant tachycardia, i.e. stress‐provoked bursts of ventricular activity occasionally converting to ventricular fibrillation causing syncope. The diagnosis of brief malignant tachycardia had to be based on exercise ECG (2 cases) or long‐term ECG‐monitoring by telemetry (one case). One child with cardiomyopathy had died at the time of follow‐up and the 3 patients with brief malignant tachycardia had experienced repeated life‐threatening attacks—one of which had to be stopped by emergency d.c. countershock. The period of attacks ceased in 5 cases within 2 years after onset, in 1 patient, 9 years elapsed between first and second attack. Preventive treatment with betablocking agents proved beneficial in the 3 children with brief malignant tachycardia.
UNUSUAL COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME EXHIBITING KAPPA‐IGD PARAPROTEINEMIA, RESIDUAL GUT‐IMMUNITY AND GRAFT‐VERSUS‐HOST REACTION AFTER PLASMA INFUSION1
Authors: RUBINSTEIN A. , RÁADL J. , COTTIER H. , ROSSI E. , GUGLER E. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryA 12‐year‐old suffering from a lymphopenic severe CID with an unusual protracted clinical course is presented. His gut‐associated lympho‐epithelial system was apparently normal, in contrast to the IgA deficiency in other external fluids. In addition, an elevated kappa‐IgD was detected in his serum. Fresh plasma infusions from unrelated donors induced an accidental engraftment with a moderate non‐fatal GvHR.
IMPROVEMENT OF ADULT HEIGHT PROGNOSIS IN PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY BY CYPROTERONE ACETATE
Authors: BOSSI EMILIO , ZURBRÜGG ROLF P. , JOSS ETIENNE E. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryThree girls and one boy with idiopathic precocious puberty and one boy with operated suprasellar hamartoma and progressing precocious puberty were treated with Cyproterone acetate for periods ranging from 15 months to 4 years and 6 months. In all children, the signs of puberty were reduced. Height velocity, as related to bone age, was increased, as was the ratio of height age increment to bone age increment. An improvement of adult height prognosis in precocious puberty has been achieved by Cyproterone acetate.
METABOLIC OBSERVATIONS IN INFANTS OF STRICTLY CONTROLLED DIABETIC MOTHERS Plasma Levels of Glucose, FFA, Glycerol and D‐β‐hydroxybutyrate during the First Two Hours after Brith
Authors: PERSSON B. , GENTZ J. , KELLUM M. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryArterial concentrations of FFA, glycerol, glucose and D‐β‐hydroxybutyrate were serially measured during the first 2 hours after birth in IDMs, IGDMs and in control infants. All diabetic mothers were subjected to a well defined program of control during pregnancy. IDMs had only a slight increase in mean plasma FFA concentrations and the values were significantly lower than those of the IGDM and control groups at all times. In contrast the rise in mean plasma glycerol values was significant and similar in all groups, suggesting a comparable increase in lipolysis. Following birth IDMs showed a more pronounced decrease in mean plasma glucose values than the other groups. Mean plasma values of D‐β‐hydroxybutyrate showed a significant drop during the first 60 minutes and thereafter the values remained low and were not significantly different between the groups. The pattern of changes in FFA, glycerol and glucose was not influenced by type of delivery, duration of diabetes and/or presence of retinopathy in the mothers, nor was there any apparent relationship to the degree of maternal metabolic control during pregEancy. It is suggested that the low mean FFA levels despite of increasing mean glycerol concentrations in IDMs are explained by an increased rate of re‐esterification of FFA withi!i adipose tissue. Thcse findings can only partly be explained by postnatal functional hyper‐insulinism. The recent demonstration af higher than normal glycogen concentrations within adipose tissue in IDMs cffers a more plausible explanation for the increased rate of re‐esterification during the first hours after birth. The p;esent data do not allow of conclusions as to thc relative importance of increased glycogen stores as compared with that of hyperinsulin‐ism during the first 2 hours after birth in IDMs.
PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS IN VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY RICKETS
Authors: GUIGNARD J.‐P. , TORRADO A. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryAn 8‐month‐old girl presented with classical vitamin D deficiency rickets, secondary hyper‐parathyroidism and hyperchloraemic acidosis. Renal acidification and bicarbonate titration studies showed the patient to have a proximal renal tubular acidosis. Rickets, secondary hy‐perparathyroidism and proximal tubular acidosis were corrected by administration of calcium and vitamin D. A causal relationship between hyperparathyroidism and renal proximal tubular acidosis is suggested.
AN EMBRACE‐REFLEX OBSERVED IN A 5 CM HUMAN FETUS
Authors: SUDMANN EINAR 
Published: January 2008

SummaryAn embrace‐reflex was elicited in a 5 cm crown‐rump length human fetus found at operation for ectopic pregnancy. The length of the fetus corresponded to an estimated intra‐uterine life of nine to ten postovulatory weeks.
RESPONSE OF THE JEJUNAL MUCOSA TO COW'S MILK IN THE MALABSORPTION SYNDROME WITH COW'S MILK INTOLERANCE A Light‐ and Electron‐Microscopic Study
Authors: KUITUNEN P. , RAPOLA J. , SAVILAHTI E. , VISAKORPI J. K. 
Published: January 2008

SUMMARYThree infants, in whom the malabsorption syndrome, small intestinal. mucosal damage and clinical cow's milk intolerance were found, were challenged with cow's milk after initial treatment with breast milk. The small intestinal mucosa was investigated with light and electron microscopy both before and after provocation.Clinically one patient reacted rapidly in a few hours and showed round cell infiltration in the surface epithelium and lamina propria 20 hours after a single challenge. Electron microscopy showed short microvilli, abnormal nuclei and thickened basement lamina in the surface epithelium. Two patients reacted slowly. One of them showed similar changes 4 days after commencement of the provocations, but the changes were much more evident 38 days later, when symptoms were also apparent. At this time large accumulations of lysosomes in the apical part of the surface epithelial cell and marked thickening of the basal lamina with accumulations of whirly collagen fibres were detected. The third patient reacted in a milder way, both clinically and morphologically. This study indicates that cow's milk, apparently through its protein fraction, may damage the surface epithelium of the small intestinal mucosa. These alterations during provocation periods resemble those found in coe‐liac disease during gluten provocation.
DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM OROSOMUCOID LEVEL IN BACTERIAL INFECTIONS DURING NEONATAL PERIOD
Authors: GOTOH H. , ISHIKAWA N. , SHIOIRI T. , HATTORI Y. , NOMURA H. , OGAWA J. 
Published: January 2008

SUMMARYThe concentration of serum orosomucoid was determined in 90 newborn infants by single radial immunodiffusion method. The values were low in both healthy full‐term and pre‐term infants. In 50 neonates with various bacterial infectlions, the orosomucoid levels showed a marked increase from the early stage of the disease. They returned to the normal range with the clinical improvement. In infants with non‐infectious diseases, no elevation was detected in any stages of the disease. Thus the assay of serum orosomucoid concentration appears to be a useful diagnostic tool for bacterial infections in newborn infants.
QTU‐ABNORMALITIES, SINUS BRADYCARDIA AND ADAMS‐STOKES ATTACKS DUE TO VENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIA
Authors: BERNUTH GÖTZ VON , BELZ GUSTAV G. , EVERTZ WALTRAUD , STAUCH MARTIN 
Published: January 2008

SUMMARYTachyarrhythmic Adams‐Stokes attacks, provoked by physical and emotional stress, are reported in a 10‐year‐old girl with sinus brady‐cardia at rest, prominent U waves, a normal resting QT‐interval but QT‐prolongation on exercise. Two brothers, the father and the paternal grandmother have a slight QT‐prolongation but no attacks. In the proband, physical exercise and small doses of a beta‐adrenergic stimulator reliably cause ventricular bigemini and/or runs of multifocal ventricular extra‐systoles while increase in heart rate by Atropine and atrial pacing does not. The ventricular arrhythmia is improved by beta‐receptor blocking agents. It is proposed that in this and other patients with abnormal repolarization the ventricular myocardium is unduely sensitive to sympathetic stimuli, resulting in ventricular tachyarrhythmia.
CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN II. Estimation of Aortic Root Diameter and Left A trial Size: A Comparison between Echocardiegraphy and Angiocardiography
Authors: LUNDSTROM NILS‐RUNE , MORTENSSON WIGHER 
Published: January 2008

SummaryDuring a period of 18 months, a comparison was made between echocardiography and angiocardiography in every patient submitted to heart catheterization and angiocardiography. This paper deals with comparisons between an aortic root dimension measured on an echocardiogram and the aortic root diameter measured on the angiocardiogram, and between a left atrial dimension measured on an echocardiogram and the sagittal left atrial diameter measured on the angiocardiogram. This study could be made in 89% of the 166 patients with respect to the aortic root and in 87% of the 91 patients with respect to the left atrial dimension. The failure to obtain measurements in some of the patients (9 and lo%, respectively for the two comparisons) was generally due to an abnormal position of the aorta (transposition of the great arteries, double outlet right ventricle or truncus arteriosus communis) while in a few remaining cases no satisfactory echocardiogram could be obtained.A very good correlation (r = 0.98) was found between the aortic root dimension as measured by echocardiography and the aortic root diameter as measured by angiocardiography. A good correlation (r=0.93) was also found between the left atrial dimension as measured by echocardiography and the left atrial sagittal diameter as measured by angiocardiography.Examination of the outflow vessel in truncus arteriosus communis by echocardiography gave echocardiograms which could contribute to the diagnosis of truncus arteriosus communis.The conclusion of this investigation is that the echocardiographic examination as described here can serve as a useful, non‐invasive, semi‐quantitative method for the estimation of the aortic root diameter and the left atrial size.
ULTRASOUND IN THE INVESTIGATION OF DISEASE OF THE KIDNEY AND URINARY TRACT IN CHILDREN
Authors: HASCH ERNST 
Published: January 2008

SummaryBased upon the use of the ultrasonic investigation of diseases of the kidney and urinarytract in 100 children it can be concluded that it is a very useful method in the demonstration of the anatomical changes that occur in these organs during certain diseases.The reliability of this new diagnostic method awaits further evaluation, but so far the ultrasonic investigation has been found to be a valuable complement to radiology in the primary diagnostic approach, as well as in the supervision of the subsequent changes in kidney and urinary tract diseases in children.