bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The contributions of oestrogen receptor isoforms to the development of papillary and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas
Authors: Zeng Q , Chen GG , Vlantis AC , Tse GM , van Hasselt CA 
Published: December 2007

AbstractOestrogen (E2) is known to promote the proliferation of thyroid papillary carcinoma cells (KAT5). However, the molecular mechanism responsible is not well understood. In the study reported herein, the localization of ER alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ) in KAT5 and anaplastic carcinoma cells (FRO) was studied by immunofluorescence staining and by immunoblotting the proteins in subcellular fractions. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were also determined together with the expression of relevant proteins. The pattern of the subcellular localization of ERα and ERβ differed between papillary and anaplastic cancer. Upon E2 treatment, the level of ERα increased in the nuclei of papillary cancer cells but ERβ remained unchanged. The level of mitochondrial ERβ surpassed that of ERα in anaplastic cancer cells. The different locations of ERα and ERβ in KAT5 and FRO agreed with the finding that E2 promoted the proliferation of KAT5 but inhibited or did not affect that of FRO cells, and with the proposed functions of these two receptors. E2 inhibited the level of Bax in the mitochondria of papillary cancer, followed by a decrease of cytochrome c and/or apoptosis‐inducing factor (AIF) release from the mitochondria into the cytosol. However, in anaplastic cancer, E2 promoted the expression of Bax in the mitochondria and the release of cytochrome c and/or AIF from mitochondria into the cytosol. Our results may explain the differences in epidemiology and responses to anti‐tumour therapy between papillary and anaplastic cancer in terms of the subcellular localization of ER isoforms. In conclusion, the findings provide evidence to support the observation that E2 is an important factor in the development of thyroid cancer. The subcellular localization of ERα and ERβ may account for the different pathogenesis of thyroid papillary and anaplastic cancers. Copyright © 2007 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Positive predictive value of computerized records for major congenital malformations
Authors: Cooper William O. , Hernandez‐Diaz Sonia , Gideon Patricia , Dyer Shannon M. , Hall Kathleen , Dudley Judith , Cevasco Marisa , Thompson Amanda B. , Ray Wayne A. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractPurposeTo assess the positive predictive value of computerized records in a linked database of vital records and infant claims, with medical record confirmation to detect congenital malformations in a Medicaid population.MethodsStudy subjects were selected from cases identified for three studies of congenital malformations in the Tennessee Medicaid (TennCare) population including 173 827 (studies 1 and 2) and 519 465 (study 3) mother/infant pairs. Possible malformations were identified from computerized databases of birth certificates linked with maternal and infant claims. Medical records were reviewed for all possible congenital malformations and positive predictive values were calculated for each data source and for each malformation.ResultsAmong 1430 potential congenital malformations identified from either birth certificates or inpatient claims, 67.7% were confirmed by medical record review. The positive predictive value varied considerably depending on the data source and the organ system. For example, cardiac defects had a very low positive predictive value when identified from birth certificates, and somewhat higher positive predictive value when identified from inpatient claims. Orofacial defects had 90.9% positive predictive value from birth certificates and inpatient claims. Requiring evidence of a diagnostic or therapeutic procedure increased the positive predictive value to >90% for specific defects, but substantially reduced the number of included cases.ConclusionsDepending on the defect, computerized claims data linked to vital records offer opportunities for identifying birth defects in populations of vulnerable persons. However, for many defects, medical record confirmation is likely to be required to provide valid identification of malformation occurrence. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Explanation for the dark I–V curve of III–V concentrator solar cells
Authors: Galiana Beatriz , Algora Carlos , Rey‐Stolle Ignacio 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe measurement of the dark I–V curve is one of the most straightforward methods for characterizing solar cells. Consequently, an accurate knowledge of its meaning is of high relevance for the comprehension and technological feedback of these devices. In this paper, an explanation of the dark I–V curve for concentrator III–V solar cells is presented using a 3D (three‐dimensional) model in order to provide a proper data fit that provides meaningful physical parameters that are also compatible and coherent with a data fit from illumination curves. The influence on the dark I–V curve of the most significant series resistance components of concentrator solar cells is also analysed concluding that only the vertical component as well as the front contact‐specific resistance can be assessable by means of this characterization method while both emitter and metal sheet resistances cannot be detected. For comparison purposes, the same experimental data have been fitted by means of a traditional two‐diode model showing that, although an accurate dark I–V curve fitting can be achieved, the extracted parameters are unable to reproduce illumination data since lumped models assume the same ohmic losses distribution for both dark and illumination conditions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alpha‐1‐antitrypsin and complement component C7 are involved in asthma exacerbation
Authors: Nishioka Tatsuji , Uchida Kazuhiko , Meno Kohji , Ishii Takashi , Aoki Takeshi , Imada Yoshiko , Makino Yuka , Hirata Kenji , Matsumoto Yuri , Arinami Tadao , Noguchi Emiko 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAsthma is the most common chronic disorder in childhood and asthma exacerbation is an important cause of childhood morbidity and hospitalization. Allergic responses are known to be biased toward T‐helper type 2 in asthmatics; however, the pathogenesis of asthma is not simple, and our understanding of the disease mechanism remains incomplete. The aim of the present study was to identify protein expression signatures that reflect acute exacerbation of asthma. Plasma was taken twice from pediatric asthmatic patients, once during asthma exacerbation and once during a stable period. Plasma was also taken from healthy children as a control. The protein profiles of plasma during asthma exacerbation were analyzed by 2‐DE and 49 spots were differentially expressed during asthma exacerbation. Thirty‐eight of the spots were successfully identified by MALDI‐TOF MS. Proteins up‐ or down‐regulated during asthma exacerbation were involved in responses to stress and pathogens, in the complement and coagulation cascades, and in acute‐phase responses. Among the differentially expressed proteins, up‐regulation of alpha‐1‐antitrypsin and complement component C7 was confirmed by nephelometry and ELISA. Our present results suggest that protease inhibitors and complement components may be involved in asthma exacerbation, and plasma level of alpha‐1‐antitrypsin may be a potential biomarker for asthma.
Rainfall variation as a factor in child survival in rural Burkina Faso: the benefit of an event‐history analysis
Authors: Dos Santos Stéphanie , Henry Sabine 
Published: December 2007

AbstractApart from the classical determinants of child survival, ecological factors can have a strong influence on child survival in rural subsistence societies, particularly by their impact on malnutrition and on the reduction of income. Persistence of unfavourable climatic conditions may lead to a sharp reduction of food production, and children under five are particularly sensitive to food shortage. This study combines exceptionally reliable multi‐source data in event‐history models, to understand how rainfall variations may influence child survival in Burkina Faso, which experiences high levels of child mortality and high rainfall disparities. The results highlight the necessity of measuring the rainfall variations with accuracy at fine spatial and temporal resolutions. Child survival in Burkina Faso depends on rainfall conditions, but there are specific patterns of rainfall variations and children's mortality relationships in each agro‐climatic region. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Migrants as transnational development agents: an inquiry into the newest round of the migration–development nexus
Authors: Faist Thomas 
Published: December 2007

AbstractMigrant networks and organisations have emerged as development agents. They interact with state institutions in flows of financial remittances, knowledge, and political ideas. In the discursive dimension, the new enthusiasm on the part of OECD states and international organisations, such as the World Bank, for migrant remittances, migrant associations and their role in development, is a sign of two trends which have coincided. Firstly, community as a principle of development has come to supplement principles of social order such as the market and the state. Secondly, in the current round of the migration–development nexus, migrants in general and transnational collective actors in particular have been constituted by states and international organisations as a significant agent. In the institutional dimension, agents such as hometown associations, networks of businesspersons, epistemic networks and political diasporas have emerged as collective actors. These formations are not unitary actors, and they are frequently in conflict with states and communities of origin. The analysis concludes with reflections of how national states structure the transnational spaces in which non‐state actors are engaged in cross‐border flows, leading towards a tight linkage between migration control, immigrant incorporation and development cooperation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Atomistic models of ultrafast reversal
Authors: Kazantseva N. , Hinzke D. , Nowak U. , Chantrell R. W. , Chubykalo‐Fesenko O. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIt is shown that the physics of reversal on a picosecond timescale requires the use of atomistic models. The basis of atomistic models is outlined. The model is applied to studies of fast laser heating of magnetic materials. In particular it is demonstrated that the magnetisation vanishes in a timescale of picoseconds, whereas the recovery of the magnetisation can take of the order of 1 ns because of the necessity for the magnetisation to grow from a large number of small nuclei. Finally we review the progress in linking atomistic and micromagnetic models in a step toward creating macroscopic models of magnetic materials at temperatures approaching the Curie temperature. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electronic states of ultrathin Co layers on Cu
Authors: Lee Hangil , Lee Dohyun , Kim W. , le Hung N. , Kim Hyojin , Hwang Chanyong 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe studied ultrathin Co overlayers on top of vicinal Cu(100) and Cu(111) surface using high resolution photoemission spectroscopy to clarify the phenomena of surface alloying at low coverage. The valence band spectrum of Co/Cu(100) clearly shows the change in its electronic structure. A peak at the binding energy of 0.3 eV represents the mixing of Co and Cu at the surface, as has been reported by STM. This state becomes more enhanced upon annealing. Mixing the Co overlayer with Cu atoms on top of Cu (111) surface is relatively small at room temperature. Instead, wetting along the step edge has been found for low coverage. Interesting state responsive to the electric field of the incident photon has been found and a possible origin has been discussed. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Magnetotransport of lateral Py/Pt/Py spin valve device
Authors: Han Giju , Chang Joonyeon , Eom Jonghwa , Kim Hyungjun , Kim Young Keun , Han Suk‐Hee 
Published: December 2007

AbstractSpin injection and accumulation have been investigated for Py/Pt/Py lateral spin valves with various channel length. Clear spin valve effects were found at antiparallel magnetic configuration of two ferromagnetic electrodes. The observation of memory effect suggests the spin valve effect observed in Pt channel is resulted from effective spin injection and detection. The magnitude of spin valve signal decreases as the channel length increases. The measurement yields that spin diffusion length and spin injection polarization of Pt channel is 120 nm and 18% at 5K. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Structural and magnetic characteristics of bismuth substituted holmium iron garnet
Authors: Park Il Jin , Kim Chul Sung 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe present the results of X‐ray diffractometer (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM), and the Mössbauer experiments on the bismuth substituted holmium iron garnet. In zero field cooled magnetization of Ho2Bi1Fe5O12 shows typical compensation phenomenon and its temperature is 80 K. But, in field cooled magnetization of Ho2Bi1Fe5O12 shows negative magnetization below compensation temperature. From the analysis of VSM hysteresis loop at room temperature, the saturation magnetization and coercivity of the sample are 15.54 emu/g and 33.33 Oe, respectively. The Néel temperature (TN) was determined to be 650 K by Mössbauer spectroscopy. Compare with results of Tb2Bi1Fe5O12, Ho2Bi1Fe5O12 has larger saturation magnetization, higher TN, and lower coercivity than Tb2Bi1Fe5O12. These phenomena can be explained by influence of the Bi ions on the superexchange interaction between a ‐d sublattices. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Magnetic properties and photoinduced magnetism on Y0.25Sr0.75CoO3–δ
Authors: Zhang Yufeng , Sasaki Sho , Izumi Mitsuru 
Published: December 2007

AbstractMagnetic properties and light‐induced magnetism on Y0.25Sr0.75CoO3–δ under different sintered temperatures have been investigated. A magnetization jump around 179 K (TJ) with a thermal hysteresis was found out in Y0.25Sr0.75CoO2.688 sintered at 1250 °C. Whereas, there is a hysteresis at the onset of 145 K without magnetization jump appears in Y0.25Sr0.75CoO2.626 sintered at 1100 °C together with the larger magnetization and lower Curie temperature. The large magnetization may come from the contribution of the surface/volume ferromagnetism in Co3+ ions. A light‐induced spin‐state transition of Co3+ ions from the nonmagnetic low‐spin state ($ {\rm t}^{6}_{\rm 2g} {\rm e}^{0}_{\rm g} $); S = 0) to magnetic intermediate‐spin state ($ {\rm t}^{5}_{\rm 2g} {\rm e}^{1}_{\rm g} $; S = 1) was observed in Y0.25Sr0.75CoO2.688, which increases the magnetization below TJ. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Some physical properties of sputtered Ni0.8Fe0.2–O films
Authors: Kohmoto O. , Takahashi H. , Kimoto K. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBy reactive sputtering with changing oxygen partial‐pressure O2/(Ar+O2) during sputtering, both ferromagnetic Ni0.8Fe0.2 and antiferromagnetic (Ni0.8Fe0.2)1‐γ O single‐phase films are obtained from one sputtering target. The crystallographic, electric and magnetic properties of Ni0.8Fe0.2 –O films are similar to those of Ni‐O films studied previously. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Magnetic and electronic properties of CeCo2 studied by synchrotron radiation
Authors: Dong C. L. , Chen C. L. , Asokan K. , Chen Y. Y. , Chen P. C. , Liu Y. S. , Chen J. L. , Chang C. L. , Lin H. J. , Lee J. F. , Guo J.‐H. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe magnetic and electronic properties of CeCo2 bulk and nanoparticles have been investigated using element‐specific techniques, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X‐ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). The results of Ce L3‐edge XAS spectra shows a higher spectral weight of 4f1 configuration in nanoparticles with respect to the bulk, which indicates that the valence of Ce is decreased in nanoparticles. In addition, spectroscopic results from the XMCD at Co L2, 3‐edges and Ce M4, 5‐edges indicate that CeCo2 undergoes a nonmagnetic to magnetic transition with size reduction. The variations in electronic and magnetic properties of nanoparticles were attributed to the charge transfer related to the sample dimension. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Magnetic properties of Co/Ge(111) films: effects of growth temperatures
Authors: Tsay J. S. , Chen Y. T. , Cheng W. C. , Wang K. C. , Yao Y. D. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractEffects of growth temperatures to the magnetic properties of Co/Ge(111) ultrathin films have been studied. For 22 monolayers Co/Ge(111) deposited at 200 and 300 K, the difference of the temperatures where ferromagnetism disappears upon annealing treatment is about 75 K. The Co/Ge interface shows a more ordered structure for films deposited at 200 K as revealed by low‐energy electron diffraction measurements. The responses of magneto‐optic signals could be explained by the different morphologies at the interfaces. A Co/Ge(111) system exhibits a strong in‐plane anisotropy that is not altered by the interfacial conditions. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Performance comparison of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells fabricated using RF and DC sputtered ZnO:Al transparent conducting oxides
Authors: Nsimama P. D. , Samiji M. E , Mbise G. W. , Niklasson G. A. , Wennerberg J. , Edoff M. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe compare the cell efficiency, fill factor and quantum efficiency of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 based solar cells fabricated using two types of transparent conducting oxide (TCO) top layers. In the first case, Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells have been fabricated using the RF sputtered ZnO:Al TCO of the established baseline process. Secondly, while maintaining all other layers the same, DC reactively sputtered ZnO:Al replaced the RF sputtered TCO in the solar cell fabrication process. The DC reactive process was controlled by a plasma emission monitoring (PEM) system. The performance of both cells has been studied. The results show that Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells fabricated using DC sputtered ZnO:Al layers have comparable efficiencies as compared to cells produced using RF sputtered ZnO:Al films. Scanning electron microscopy pictures show that the ZnO:Al layers in both cases have different thickness but similar columnar structure. The highest cell efficiency obtained using the DC and RF sputtered ZnO:Al were 5.6% and 5.5% respectively. The fill factor and maximum quantum efficiency for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells fabricated using DC sputtered ZnO:Al layers were 50.5% and 86% respectively. Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells made‐up using RF sputtered ZnO:Al layers had the fill factor of 46.2% and the maximum quantum efficiency of 83%. The Cu(In,Ga)Se2 absorber layers used in the fabrication of these cells were not representing the best absorber layers produced by the Angstrom solar centre. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The influence of doping with donor type impurities on the properties of CuInSe2
Authors: Kauk M. , Altosaar M. , Raudoja J. , Timmo K. , Varema T. , Danilson M. , Grossberg M. , Mellikov E. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe effects of Cl doping on the properties of CuInSe2 monograin powder have been investigated. The capacitance‐voltage (C–V) characteristics were measured in the dark at 0.1–100 kHz frequencies and the carrier concentrations were estimated from the slope of C−2‐V plots. The carrier concentration in undoped CuInSe2 was 2 x 1016 cm–3, it increased with increasing the Cl concentration up to 9 x 1016 cm–3. The photoluminescence spectra of undoped and Cl‐doped CuInSe2 showed one asymmetrical band originated from the band‐tail recombination. The band maximum shifted towards higher energies with increasing Cl concentration but the shape remained the same. We assume that with the incorporation of chloride into the materials the concentration of probably shallower complex defects [VIn + 2ClSe] increases since chloride atoms preferably occupy VSe sites. Therefore the overall acceptor concentration increases slightly. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Local photo‐response measurements of photovoltaic devices
Authors: Gxasheka A. R. , van Dyk E. E. , Vorster F. J. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractLocal photo‐response measurements based on the Light Beam Induced Current (LBIC) were performed on photovoltaic (PV) cells. LBIC is a technique that is used routinely for detecting and mapping local defects in photovoltaic devices [1–4]. A 5.0 mW, 655 nm laser diode focussed to less than 100 µm on a sample surface was used. In this paper we report measurements of photo‐response and relative reflection at various cells biases, looking amongst other aspects on the vicinity of grain boundaries in multi‐crystalline silicon solar cells. LBIC investigation on single crystalline silicon technology was also conducted. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Simultaneous determination of blood glucose and isoleucine levels in rats after chronic alcohol exposure by microwave‐assisted derivatization and isotope dilution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
Authors: Xue Ruyi , Zhang Si , Deng Chunhui , Dong Ling , Liu Taotao , Wang Jiyao , Wu Hongyi , Gu Jianxin , Shen Xizhong 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBlood glucose and isoleucine are two biomarkers of chronic alcohol exposure. Simultaneous determination of blood glucose and isoleucine levels helps to illuminate the influence of alcohol on the metabolism of glucose and amino acids. The most accurate method for the detection of serum glucose is isotope dilution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (ID GC/MS). In this study, a rapid, simple and sensitive technique was developed for the quantitative analysis of glucose and isoleucine in rats after chronic alcohol exposure by microwave‐assisted derivatization (MAD) and ID GC/MS. Serum glucose and isoleucine were rapidly derivatized by N‐methyl‐N‐trimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide (MSTFA) with microwave irradiation, and the trimethylsilyl derivatives were analyzed by GC/MS. This technique was used to demonstrate that pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a non‐covalently bound prosthetic group in some quinoproteins involved in the metabolism of some sugar or alcohol, could reverse alcohol exposure induced glucose elevation. On the other hand, it did not affect the metabolism of isoleucine whose level was elevated along with serum glucose. The combination of MAD and ID GC/MS has been shown to be an accurate, rapid, simple and sensitive method for the quantification of glucose and isoleucine in serum samples. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.