bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurophysiological outcomes that sustained clinically significant improvements over 3 years of physiologic ECAP-controlled closed-loop spinal cord stimulation for the treatment of chronic pain
Authors: Mekhail Nagy A , Levy Robert M , Deer Timothy R , Kapural Leonardo , Li Sean , Amirdelfan Kasra , Hunter Corey W , Rosen Steven M , Costandi Shrif J , Falowski Steven M , Burgher Abram H , Pope Jason E , Gilmore Christopher A , Qureshi Farooq A , Staats Peter S , Scowcroft James , McJunkin Tory , Kim Christopher K , Yang Michael I , Stauss Thomas , Rauck Richard , Duarte Rui V , Soliday Nicole , Leitner Angela , Hanson Erin , Ouyang Zhonghua , Mugan Dave , Poree Lawrence 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionA novel, spinal cord stimulation (SCS) system with a physiologic closed-loop (CL) feedback mechanism controlled by evoked compound action potentials (ECAPs) enables the optimization of physiologic neural dose and the accuracy of the stimulation, not possible with any other commercially available SCS systems. The report of objective spinal cord measurements is essential to increase the transparency and reproducibility of SCS therapy. Here, we report a cohort of the EVOKE double-blind randomized controlled trial treated with CL-SCS for 36 months to evaluate the ECAP dose and accuracy that sustained the durability of clinical improvements.Methods41 patients randomized to CL-SCS remained in their treatment allocation and were followed up through 36 months. Objective neurophysiological data, including measures of spinal cord activation, were analyzed. Pain relief was assessed by determining the proportion of patients with ≥50% and ≥80% reduction in overall back and leg pain.ResultsThe performance of the feedback loop resulted in high-dose accuracy by keeping the elicited ECAP within 4µV of the target ECAP set on the system across all timepoints. Percent time stimulating above the ECAP threshold was >98%, and the ECAP dose was ≥19.3µV. Most patients obtained ≥50% reduction (83%) and ≥80% reduction (59%) in overall back and leg pain with a sustained response observed in the rates between 3-month and 36-month follow-up (p=0.083 and p=0.405, respectively).ConclusionThe results suggest that a physiological adherence to supra-ECAP threshold therapy that generates pain inhibition provided by ECAP-controlled CL-SCS leads to durable improvements in pain intensity with no evidence of loss of therapeutic effect through 36-month follow-up.
The value of the Belingwe Greenstone Belt, Zimbabwe, as a national geoheritage site
Authors: Mugumbate Forbes 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Products of geological processes, such as rock formations, unconformities, structures, minerals, fossils and landforms, represent unique records of the evolution of the Earth. These form a coherent picture showing how the Earth evolved, but the picture becomes blurred with antiquity. Consequently, there are challenges in gathering information from the Archean, the period during which the foundations of the Earth were laid down. The 2.7 Ga Belingwe Greenstone Belt in Zimbabwe has proved to be valuable because it has some of the best-preserved Archean stratigraphy in the world. An unconformity between sialic basement and supracrustal rocks of the greenstone belt, and exotic rocks, such as komatiites and stromatolites, contributes immensely toward our knowledge of the evolution of the young Earth and the beginning of life. The frequent use of the Belingwe Greenstone Belt examples to explain geotectonic processes of the early Earth gives testimony to the importance of this structure. Interpretation of some of the features of the Greenstone Belt is sometimes controversial, which forms areas of endless research to better understand the Archean Era. It is for these reasons that arguments are presented for consideration of the Belingwe Greenstone Belt as a national geoheritage site.
NCI Cancer Research Data Commons: Resources to Share Key Cancer Data
Authors: Wang Zhining , Davidsen Tanja M. , Kuffel Gina R. , Addepalli KanakaDurga , Bell Amanda , Casas-Silva Esmeralda , Dingerdissen Hayley , Farahani Keyvan , Fedorov Andrey , Gaheen Sharon , Grossman Robert L. , Kikinis Ron , Kim Erika , Otridge John , Pihl Todd , Porter Melissa , Rodriguez Henry , Staudt Louis M. , Thangudu Ratna R. , Venkatachari Sudha , Zenklusen Jean Claude , Zhang Xu ,   The CRDC Program, Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S. , Kerlavage Anthony R. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Since 2014, the NCI has launched a series of data commons as part of the Cancer Research Data Commons (CRDC) ecosystem housing genomic, proteomic, imaging, and clinical data to support cancer research and promote data sharing of NCI-funded studies. This review describes each data commons (Genomic Data Commons, Proteomic Data Commons, Integrated Canine Data Commons, Cancer Data Service, Imaging Data Commons, and Clinical and Translational Data Commons), including their unique and shared features, accomplishments, and challenges. Also discussed is how the CRDC data commons implement Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable (FAIR) principles and promote data sharing in support of the new NIH Data Management and Sharing Policy.
See related articles by Brady et al., p. 1384, Pot et al., p. 1396, and Kim et al., p. 1404
NCI Cancer Research Data Commons: Cloud-Based Analytic Resources
Authors: Pot David , Worman Zelia , Baumann Alexander , Pathak Shirish , Beck Rowan , Beck Erin , Thayer Katherine , Davidsen Tanja M. , Kim Erika , Davis-Dusenbery Brandi , Otridge John , Pihl Todd ,   The CRDC Program, Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S. , Kerlavage Anthony R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe NCI's Cloud Resources (CR) are the analytical components of the Cancer Research Data Commons (CRDC) ecosystem. This review describes how the three CRs (Broad Institute FireCloud, Institute for Systems Biology Cancer Gateway in the Cloud, and Seven Bridges Cancer Genomics Cloud) provide access and availability to large, cloud-hosted, multimodal cancer datasets, as well as offer tools and workspaces for performing data analysis where the data resides, without download or storage. In addition, users can upload their own data and tools into their workspaces, allowing researchers to create custom analysis workflows and integrate CRDC-hosted data with their own.See related articles by Brady et al., p. 1384, Wang et al., p. 1388, and Kim et al., p. 1404
NCI Cancer Research Data Commons: Lessons Learned and Future State
Authors: Kim Erika , Davidsen Tanja , Davis-Dusenbery Brandi N , Baumann Alexander , Maggio Angela , Chen Zhaoyi , Meerzaman Daoud , Casas-Silva Esmeralda , Pot David , Pihl Todd , Otridge John , Shalley Eve ,   The CRDC Program, Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S. , Kerlavage Anthony R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMore than ever, scientific progress in cancer research hinges on our ability to combine datasets and extract meaningful interpretations to better understand diseases and ultimately inform the development of better treatments and diagnostic tools. To enable the successful sharing and use of big data, the NCI developed the Cancer Research Data Commons (CRDC), providing access to a large, comprehensive, and expanding collection of cancer data. The CRDC is a cloud-based data science infrastructure that eliminates the need for researchers to download and store large-scale datasets by allowing them to perform analysis where data reside. Over the past 10 years, the CRDC has made significant progress in providing access to data and tools along with training and outreach to support the cancer research community. In this review, we provide an overview of the history and the impact of the CRDC to date, lessons learned, and future plans to further promote data sharing, accessibility, interoperability, and reuse.See related articles by Brady et al., p. 1384, Wang et al., p. 1388, and Pot et al., p. 1396
AKTing on R Loops Makes for an ATRactive Target in Ovarian Cancer Therapy
Authors: Ramanarayanan Vijayalalitha , Oberdoerffer Philipp 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHigh-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the deadliest subtype of ovarian cancer. While PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have transformed the care of advanced HGSOC, PARPi resistance poses a major limitation to their clinical utility. DNA damage checkpoint signaling via ATR kinase can counteract PARPi-induced replication stress, making ATR an attractive therapeutic target in PARPi-resistant tumors. However, ATR inhibitor (ATRi) efficacy in the clinic is low, emphasizing the need for suitable combination treatments. In this issue of Cancer Research, Huang and colleagues uncovered cytotoxic synergism between inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway and ATR based on high-throughput screening for ATRi drug combinations in PARPi-resistant HGSOC cells. Dual inhibition of ATR and AKT resulted in aberrant replication stress and cell death, which was attributed in part to impaired resolution of replication-stalling RNA:DNA hybrids (R loops). The authors identified the DNA/RNA helicase DHX9 as a clinically relevant candidate effector of R loop resolution in HGSOC. AKT interacted with and recruited DHX9 to R loops, where it complemented ATR in facilitating their removal. Underlining the therapeutic potential relevance of these findings, combined inhibition of ATR and AKT caused near complete tumor regression in HGSOC xenograft models, and elevated AKT/DHX9 levels correlated with poor survival in patients with HGSOC. Of note, the genotoxic consequences of dual ATRi/AKTi treatment extended beyond PARPi-resistant tumors and are likely to affect genome integrity beyond R loops. The work by Huang and colleagues thus provides compelling rationale for the exploration of combined targeting of the AKT and ATR pathways as a potentially broadly applicable treatment of advanced HGSOC.See related article by Huang et al., p. 887
Combination of an Autoantibody Panel and Alpha-Fetoprotein for Early Detection of Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Shen Yajing , Chen Jiajun , Wu Jinyu , Li Tiandong , Yi Chuncheng , Wang Keyan , Wang Peng , Sun Changqing , Ye Hua 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify biomarkers associated with hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) and to develop a new combination with good diagnostic performance. This study was divided into four phases: discovery, verification, validation, and modeling. A total of four candidate tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAAb; anti-ZIC2, anti-PCNA, anti-CDC37L1, and anti-DUSP6) were identified by human proteome microarray (52 samples) and bioinformatics analysis. Subsequently, these candidate TAAbs were further confirmed by indirect ELISA with two testing cohorts (120 samples for verification and 663 samples for validation). The AUC for these four TAAbs to identify patients with HBV-HCC from chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients ranged from 0.693 to 0.739. Finally, a diagnostic panel with three TAAbs (anti-ZIC2, anti-CDC37L1, and anti-DUSP6) was developed. This panel showed superior diagnostic efficiency in identifying early HBV-HCC compared with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), with an AUC of 0.834 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.772–0.897] for this panel and 0.727 (95% CI, 0.642–0.812) for AFP (P = 0.0359). In addition, the AUC for this panel to identify AFP-negative patients with HBV-HCC was 0.796 (95% CI, 0.734–0.858), with a sensitivity of 52.4% and a specificity of 89.0%. Importantly, the panel in combination with AFP significantly increased the positive rate for early HBV-HCC to 84.1% (P = 0.005) and for late HBV-HCC to 96.3% (P &lt; 0.001). Our findings suggest that AFP and the autoantibody panel may be independent but complementary serologic biomarkers for HBV-HCC detection.

Prevention Relevance:
We developed a robust diagnostic panel for identifying patients with HBV-HCC from patients with CHB. This autoantibody panel provided superior diagnostic performance for HBV-HCC at an early stage and/or with negative AFP results. Our findings suggest that AFP and the autoantibody panel may be independent but complementary biomarkers for HBV-HCC detection.
Identification of New Markers of Angiogenic Sprouting Using Transcriptomics: New Role for RND3
Authors: Abbey Colette A. , Duran Camille L. , Chen Zhishi , Chen Yanping , Roy Sukanya , Coffell Ashley , Sveeggen Timothy M. , Chakraborty Sanjukta , Wells Gregg B. , Chang Jiang , Bayless Kayla J. 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
New blood vessel formation requires endothelial cells to transition from a quiescent to an invasive phenotype. Transcriptional changes are vital for this switch, but a comprehensive genome-wide approach focused exclusively on endothelial cell sprout initiation has not been reported.

METHODS:
Using a model of human endothelial cell sprout initiation, we developed a protocol to physically separate cells that initiate the process of new blood vessel formation (invading cells) from noninvading cells. We used this model to perform multiple transcriptomics analyses from independent donors to monitor endothelial gene expression changes.

RESULTS:

Single-cell population analyses, single-cell cluster analyses, and bulk RNA sequencing revealed common transcriptomic changes associated with invading cells. We also found that collagenase digestion used to isolate single cells upregulated the Fos proto-oncogene transcription factor. Exclusion of Fos proto-oncogene expressing cells revealed a gene signature consistent with activation of signal transduction, morphogenesis, and immune responses. Many of the genes were previously shown to regulate angiogenesis and included multiple tip cell markers. Upregulation of SNAI1 (snail family transcriptional repressor 1), PTGS2 (prostaglandin synthase 2), and JUNB (JunB proto-oncogene) protein expression was confirmed in invading cells, and silencing JunB and SNAI1 significantly reduced invasion responses. Separate studies investigated rounding 3, also known as RhoE, which has not yet been implicated in angiogenesis. Silencing rounding 3 reduced endothelial invasion distance as well as filopodia length, fitting with a pathfinding role for rounding 3 via regulation of filopodial extensions. Analysis of in vivo retinal angiogenesis in
Rnd3
heterozygous mice confirmed a decrease in filopodial length compared with wild-type littermates.

CONCLUSIONS:
Validation of multiple genes, including rounding 3, revealed a functional role for this gene signature early in the angiogenic process. This study expands the list of genes associated with the acquisition of a tip cell phenotype during endothelial cell sprout initiation.
Islam, Visual Morality and Gender Identity in Cyberspace: The Agency, Controversy and Popular Piety of Ria Ricis
Authors: Barizi Ahmad , Rohmah Siti , Kholish Moh Anas , Hikmah Nurul 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Hijab wearing women are often key players in the digital market ecosystem and popular culture in Indonesia, as well as being a battleground for discourse on contemporary relations between Islam and gender. By analyzing the controversy and development of Instagram celebrity and YouTuber Ria Ricis, this article discusses sexual morality and visual culture in cyberspace that shows the latest developments in the use of hijab, popular piety, and the lifestyle of young millennial Muslim women. This article seeks to contribute to refreshing the literature on Islamic studies and gender studies in Indonesia with the intersection of Islam, gender, and digital media. This study argues that in the midst of the controversy over Muslim woman’s sexual morality in Indonesian cyberspace, Ria Ricis shows her agency by positioning herself as a millennial hijabi woman with popular piety and participating in spreading Islamic messages according to the digital market ecosystem while maintaining a cheerful and sensational millennial identity and character.
Just Police Violence: Liberal ideology and the critique of violence from Walter Benjamin to Black Lives Matter
Authors: Duff Koshka 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Policing is broadly legitimate – even while imperfect and in need of reform. This axiom of liberal political theory and practice is shaken by movements like Black Lives Matter, which confront and expose carceral violence as the routine, deadly edge of racial capitalism. Thinking with abolitionist currents within these movements, this paper engages critical theory to unpick the ideological discourses that legitimise police violence in ‘real existing liberalism’. I argue that justifications of policing replicate the ‘analytic atomism’ and mythologisation of law that Neu’s Just Liberal Violence identifies in defences of sweatshops, torture, and war. I bring together Benjamin’s classic excavation of sovereign power in the policing function with the experiences of today’s policed subjects to reveal the limitations of liberal appeals to ‘the rule of law’. The standard figuration of oppressive violence as exceptional, deviant, and unlawful, I argue, serves to legitimise the institutions in and through which that violence is normalised.
Life Cycle of Precipitating Cloud Systems from Synergistic Satellite Observations: Evolution of Macrophysical Properties and Precipitation Statistics from Geostationary Cloud Tracking and GPM Active and Passive Microwave Measurements
Authors: Guilloteau Clément , Foufoula-Georgiou Efi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Observations of clouds and precipitation in the microwave domain from the active dual-frequency precipitation radar (DPR) and the passive Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Microwave Imager (GMI) onboard the GPM Core Observatory satellite are used in synergy with cloud tracking information derived from infrared imagery from the GOES-13 and Meteosat-7 geostationary satellites for analysis of the life cycle of precipitating cloud systems, in terms of temporal evolution of their macrophysical characteristics, in several oceanic and continental regions of the tropics. The life cycle of each one of the several hundred thousand cloud systems tracked during the 2-yr (2015–16) analysis period is divided into five equal-duration stages between initiation and dissipation. The average cloud size, precipitation intensity, precipitation top height, and convective and stratiform precipitating fractions are documented at each stage of the life cycle for different cloud categories (based upon lifetime duration). The average life cycle dynamics is found remarkably homogeneous across the different regions and is consistent with previous studies: systems peak in size around midlife; precipitation intensity and convective fraction tend to decrease continuously from the initiation stage to the dissipation. Over the three continental regions, Amazonia (AMZ), central Africa (CAF), and Sahel (SAH), at the early stages of clouds’ life cycle, precipitation estimates from the passive GMI instrument are systematically found to be 15%–40% lower than active radar estimates. By highlighting stage-dependent biases in state-of-the-art passive microwave precipitation estimates over land, we demonstrate the potential usefulness of cloud tracking information for improving retrievals and suggest new directions for the synergistic use of geostationary and low-Earth-orbiting satellite observations.
School principals’ role in promoting physical activity for inactive children in school settings: An exploratory study
Authors: Augustsson Felicia , Grahn Karin 
Published: March 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the school principal’s role in promoting physical activity for inactive children in school settings. Design: Exploratory qualitative interview study. Setting: The study was conducted in seven elementary schools in central Sweden. Method: Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews with eight school principals. Theories of bioecology and teacher agency informed the study and shed light on the environmental factors and resources affecting school principals’ efforts to promote physical activity for inactive children. Result: The most common strategy school principals described was to delegate responsibility for planning organised activities to dedicated school personnel working with the children. In their leadership role, principals described having the power and opportunity to recruit school personnel with positive attitudes towards promoting physical activity, which likely increases inactive children’s opportunities to engage in PA. Conclusion: When provided the adequate resources, and by virtue of their management position within the school, principals have the opportunity to make a difference to promote PA for inactive children. Delegating responsibility to school personnel may however create unequal PA opportunities, and if there are no initiators dedicated to this work, inactive children may be left out of PA opportunities in school.
Depressive symptomatology from a network perspective: Differences in the experience of symptoms involved in the self-recognition of depression and the diagnosis process by social position
Authors: Alcalde Eugenia , Rouquette Alexandra , Wiernik Emmanuel , Rigal Laurent 
Published: March 2024

Background: While social disparities in depression are well-documented, the symptom experience across social positions remains less studied. Aims: This study examines the connections between depressive symptoms and self-recognizing a depressive episode, on the one hand, and clinical diagnosis, on the other hand, by three social position indicators. Methods: We analyzed baseline data from a population-based cohort of adults living in France, grouping participants by three indicators: education, financial difficulties, and occupation, and stratifying by sex. Utilizing a psychometric network approach, we estimated 24 networks. Nodes corresponded to the 20 CES-D items and 1 external variable, either ‘Limitations due to depression’ or ‘Clinical depression’. Comparisons between socially disadvantaged and advantaged groups across the three social indicators were made in terms of network structures, global strength, and edge weights involving symptoms and both external nodes. Results: The study included data from 201,952 participants. Individuals in lower social positions exhibited higher rates of depressive-related variables. Four depressive symptoms emerged as crucial, being linked both to ‘Clinical depression’ and ‘Limitations’ across all social positions. Socially disadvantaged groups had denser networks. Some of the tests comparing network structures according to social position were significant, suggesting differences in the symptom activation chains. Connections between each external node and ‘Felt depressed’ and ‘Could not get going’ were non-invariant in educational and financial-based networks. Conclusions: Findings highlight four depressive symptoms, likely to play a key role in the experience of depression across all social positions. Other insights from specific symptoms could be used for improving depression care among disadvantaged populations.