bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A population‐based study of the impact of specific symptoms on quality of life in women with breast cancer 1 year after diagnosis
Authors: Arndt Volker , Stegmaier Christa , Ziegler Hartwig , Brenner Hermann 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBACKGROUND.Whereas the role of specific symptoms, such as pain and fatigue, for quality of life (QOL) is unquestioned, their relative importance for long‐lasting impairments in QOL in cancer patients has rarely been assessed quantitatively. The authors, therefore, aimed to identify symptoms most predictive of limitations to function and overall QOL in women with breast cancer after completion of primary therapy.METHODS.The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer questionnaire QLQ‐C30 and the breast–cancer‐specific module QLQ‐BR23 were used to measure QOL in a population‐based sample from Saarland (Germany) of 314 women with breast cancer 1 year after diagnosis. Symptoms most predictive for limitations to function and overall QOL were identified with a multiple linear regression analysis.RESULTS.Fatigue emerged as the strongest predictor by far of QOL, explaining around 30% to 50% of variability within function scores and overall QOL. Other symptoms, including pain, nausea and/or vomiting, breast symptoms, systemic therapy side effects, and arm symptoms, explained on average <5% of variability of various QOL scales beyond fatigue and age. Sociodemographic and clinical factors had little impact on QOL.CONCLUSIONS.Although QOL is a multidimensional concept, the analysis suggested that fatigue is the symptom that had, by far, the largest impact on limiting function and on overall QOL in breast cancer patients after their completion of primary therapy. Specific interventions to reduce the burden of fatigue may represent a particularly worthwhile effort to improve QOL in women with breast cancer. Cancer 2006. © 2006 AmericanCancer Society.
Differential expression of unconventional myosins in apoptotic and regenerating chick hair cells confirms two regeneration mechanisms
Authors: Duncan Luke J. , Mangiardi Dominic A. , Matsui Jonathan I. , Anderson Julia K. , MClaughlin‐Williamson Kate , Cotanche Douglas A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHair cells of the inner ear are damaged by intense noise, aging, and aminoglycoside antibiotics. Gentamicin causes oxidative damage to hair cells, inducing apoptosis. In mammals, hair cell loss results in a permanent deficit in hearing and balance. In contrast, avians can regenerate lost hair cells to restore auditory and vestibular function. This study examined the changes of myosin VI and myosin VIIa, two unconventional myosins that are critical for normal hair cell formation and function, during hair cell death and regeneration. During the late stages of apoptosis, damaged hair cells are ejected from the sensory epithelium. There was a 4–5‐fold increase in the labeling intensity of both myosins and a redistribution of myosin VI into the stereocilia bundle, concurrent with ejection. Two separate mechanisms were observed during hair cell regeneration. Proliferating supporting cells began DNA synthesis 60 hours after gentamicin treatment and peaked at 72 hours postgentamicin treatment. Some of these mitotically produced cells began to differentiate into hair cells at 108 hours after gentamicin (36 hours after bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) administration), as demonstrated by the colabeling of myosin VI and BrdU. Myosin VIIa was not expressed in the new hair cells until 120 hours after gentamicin. Moreover, a population of supporting cells expressed myosin VI at 78 hours after gentamicin treatment and myosin VIIa at 90 hours. These cells did not label for BrdU and differentiated far too early to be of mitotic origin, suggesting they arose by direct transdifferentiation of supporting cells into hair cells. J. Comp. Neurol. 499:691–701, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Efferent projections of reuniens and rhomboid nuclei of the thalamus in the rat
Authors: Vertes Robert P. , Hoover Walter B. , Do Valle Angela Cristina , Sherman Alexandra , Rodriguez J.J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe nucleus reuniens (RE) is the largest of the midline nuclei of the thalamus and exerts strong excitatory actions on the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex. Although RE projections to the hippocampus have been well documented, no study using modern tracers has examined the totality of RE projections. With the anterograde anatomical tracer Phaseolus vulgaris leuccoagglutinin, we examined the efferent projections of RE as well as those of the rhomboid nucleus (RH) located dorsal to RE. Control injections were made in the central medial nucleus (CEM) of the thalamus. We showed that the output of RE is almost entirely directed to the hippocampus and “limbic” cortical structures. Specifically, RE projects strongly to the medial frontal polar, anterior piriform, medial and ventral orbital, anterior cingulate, prelimbic, infralimbic, insular, perirhinal, and entorhinal cortices as well as to CA1, dorsal and ventral subiculum, and parasubiculum of the hippocampus. RH distributes more widely than RE, that is, to several RE targets but also significantly to regions of motor, somatosensory, posterior parietal, retrosplenial, temporal, and occipital cortices; to nucleus accumbens; and to the basolateral nucleus of amygdala. The ventral midline thalamus is positioned to exert significant control over fairly widespread regions of the cortex (limbic, sensory, motor), hippocampus, dorsal and ventral striatum, and basal nuclei of the amygdala, possibly to coordinate limbic and sensorimotor functions. We suggest that RE/RH may represent an important conduit in the exchange of information between subcortical‐cortical and cortical‐cortical limbic structures potentially involved in the selection of appropriate responses to specific and changing sets of environmental conditions. J. Comp. Neurol. 499:768–796, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Efferent projections of rat rostroventrolateral medulla C1 catecholamine neurons: Implications for the central control of cardiovascular regulation
Authors: Card J. Patrick , Sved Judy C. , Craig Brian , Raizada Mohan , Vazquez Jorge , Sved Alan F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA replication‐defective lentivirus vector that expresses enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the control of a synthetic dopamine‐β‐hydroxylase (DβH) promoter was used to define efferent projections of C1 catecholamine neurons in rat rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM). EGFP expression was restricted to C1 neurons and filled their somatodendritic compartments and efferent axons 7–28 days after vector injection. This included the descending projections to thoracic spinal cord and a network in brainstem, midbrain, and diencephalon. In caudal brainstem, restricted terminal fields were present in the dorsal motor vagal complex, A1, raphe pallidus and obscurus, and marginal layer of ventrolateral medulla. Innervation of raphe nuclei was most dense at the level of RVLM, but rostral levels of pallidus were devoid of innervation. A sparse commissural projection to contralateral RVLM was observed, and pericellular arbors were present in the dorsal reticular formation among the projection pathway of catecholamine axons. Rostral brainstem contained a dense innervation of locus coeruleus and the nucleus subcoeruleus. A restricted innervation of the ventrolateral column of the periaqueductal gray distinguished the midbrain. Forebrain labeling was restricted to the diencephalon, where distinctive terminal fields were observed in the paraventricular thalamic nucleus; the lateral hypothalamic area; and the paraventricular, dorsomedial, supraoptic, and median preoptic nuclei of hypothalamus. Projection fibers also coursed through the tuberal hypothalamus into the median eminence. Collectively, these data demonstrate that RVLM C1 neurons modulate the activity of other central cell groups known to participate in the regulation of cardiovascular and autonomic function. J. Comp. Neurol. 499:840–859, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metric‐based upscaling
Authors: Owhadi Houman , Zhang Lei 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe consider divergence form elliptic operators in dimension n ge; 2 with L∞ coefficients. Although solutions of these operators are only Hölder‐continuous, we show that they are differentiable (C1, α) with respect to harmonic coordinates. It follows that numerical homogenization can be extended to situations where the medium has no ergodicity at small scales and is characterized by a continuum of scales. This new numerical homogenization method is based on the transfer of a new metric in addition to traditional averaged (homogenized) quantities from subgrid scales into computational scales. Error bounds can be given and this method can also be used as a compression tool for differential operators. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stability properties of steady water waves with vorticity
Authors: Constantin Adrian , Strauss Walter A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe present two stability analyses for exact periodic traveling water waves with vorticity. The first approach leads in particular to linear stability properties of water waves for which the vorticity decreases with depth. The second approach leads to a formal stability property for long water waves that have small vorticity and amplitude although we do not use a small‐amplitude or long‐wave approximation. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Deposition of Ni and Pd Sulfide Thin Films via Aerosol‐Assisted CVD
Authors: O'Brien P. , Waters J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThin films of nickel sulfide (NiS1.03, NiS2,α‐Ni7S6, or mixtures thereof) and palladium sulfide (PdS, Pd16S7, Pd4S, or mixtures thereof) have been prepared by aerosol‐assisted (AA)CVD using dithiocarbamate precursors of the type M(S2CNRR')2(M = Ni, Pd; RR' = Et2, MeEt, MenBu, or MenHex). The solid‐state structure of Ni(S2CNMenBu)2, was determined by X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction and is characteristic of known nickel dithiocarbamates. Films were grown on glass substrates at temperatures of 400–525 °C and characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive analysis of X‐rays (EDAX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
A Novel Potentiometric Membrane Sensor Based on Aryl Palladium Complex for Selective Determination of Thiocyanate in the Saliva and Urine of Cigarette Smokers
Authors: Hassan Saad S. M. , Mohmoud Wagiha H. , Elgazwy Abdel‐Sattar S. Hamad , Badawy Nahla M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA highly selective potentiometric sensor for thiocyanate ion based on the use of a newly synthesized organo‐palladium ion exchanger complex dispersed in a plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membrane is described. The sensor displays a Nernstian response (−57.8±0.2 mV decade−1) over a wide linear concentration range of thiocyanate (1.0×10−6–1.0×10−1 mol L−1 ), low detection limit (6.3×10−7 mol L−1), fast response (20 s), stable potential readings (±0.4 mV), good reproducibility (±0.9%), long term stability (8 weeks), high precision (±0.7%) and applicability over a wide pH range (4–10). Negligible interferences are caused by F−, Cl−, I−, Br−, NO3−, NO2−, CN−, SO42−, S2O32−, PO43−, citrate, acetate and oxalate ions. Under hydrodynamic mode of operation (FIA), the calibration slope is −51.1±0.1 mV decade−1, the linear response range is 1.0×10−5–1.0×10−1 mol L−1 SCN− and the sample throughput is 40–45 per hour. The sensor is satisfactory used for manual and flow injection potentiometric determination of SCN− in the saliva and urine of cigarette smokers and non smokers. The data agree fairly well with results obtained by the standard spectrophotometric technique. Direct potentiometry and potentiometric titration of SCN− with Ag+ are also monitored with the sensor.
A Study on Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Osmium(IV) at a Carbon Paste Electrode Modified In Situ with Cationic Surfactants
Authors: Galík Michal , Cholota Michal , Švancara Ivan , Bobrowski Andrzej , Vytřas Karel 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis article deals with the development of a method for the determination of osmium at a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with cationic surfactants of the quaternary ammonium salt type; namely, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and 1‐(ethoxycarbonyl)‐pentadecyltrimethyl‐ammonium bromide (Septonex); both being added in situ and serving for preconcentration of osmium via its hexachloroosmate(IV) anion. The proper electrochemical detection was performed by cathodic scanning in the differential pulse voltammetric mode. Optimization studies concerning important experimental parameters also included a specially performed potentiometric titration, helping to define the actual stoichiometry for the ion‐pairing process, the main principle and driving force of the accumulation step. In a chloride/acetate buffer based supporting medium and with Septonex as the modifier of choice, the reduction signal for osmium was found to be proportional to the Os(IV) concentration in a range from 5×10−9 to 5×10−7 mol L−1 with a limit of detection close to 5×10−9 mol L−1 (with preconcentration for 60 s). The method capable to determine Os(IV) in the presence of both Pt(IV) and Ir(III) was tested on model solutions as well as with real sample of industrial waste water (spiked with the analyte); both yielding the recovery rates within 88–99%.
Seismic performance evaluation of non‐structural components: drywall partitions
Authors: Lee Tae‐Hyung , Kato Mikiko , Matsumiya Tomohiro , Suita Keiichiro , Nakashima Masayoshi 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAs the first part of non‐structural component test series, interior drywall partitions are selected for an experimental program. This test series will cover non‐structural components that are significant in the economic losses in buildings subjected to seismic loading, namely interior drywall partitions, exterior cladding and window glasses, and ceilings. Four full‐scale drywall partitions with light‐gage steel stud framing were tested to observe damage in cyclic loading conditions. Effects of a door and an intersecting wall on the behaviour of drywall partition are studied. Damage was concentrated to perimeter regions where gypsum boards made contacts with ceiling, floor, or columns. Dynamic loading did not amplify the damage on a drywall partition over the damage observed from the quasi‐static test. Damage–repair cost relationships show that the repair cost reaches almost the initial cost under 2% radian interstorey drift. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Practical causal hysteretic damping
Authors: Nakamura Naohiro 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA number of experiments indicate that the internal damping corresponding to the energy dissipation of many materials is essentially frequency independent. Accordingly, an analysis model that can express such characteristics (called a hysteretic damping model) in the time domain is needed. Although a great number of investigations into this subject have been carried out, there are a few practical methods. In this paper, a simple hysteretic damping model which satisfies the causality condition is presented using an extension of the complex stiffness transfer method that the author has proposed. Compared with the energy proportional damping model and the Biot model, the applicability and the efficiency of this model to time history response analyses were confirmed well by example problems. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A symmetric time‐domain model for 3D dam–reservoir interaction including radiation damping
Authors: Birk C. , Ruge P. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn this paper a new strategy for the description of a 3D dam–reservoir system in the time‐domain is proposed. Here, the structure and a finite part of the reservoir of arbitrary geometry and foundation are treated using standard finite elements. In doing so, nonlinearities can be included. Radiation damping is taken into account accurately by means of an adjacent semi‐infinite fluid channel. The key step of the method is the novel treatment of this unbounded part of the system. Based on a semi‐discretization of the latter a frequency‐dependent modal stiffness coefficient relating the pressure at the fluid–fluid interface to the corresponding flux can be derived analytically. A rational approximation and algebraic splitting procedure enable the transformation of this spectral stiffness relationship into the time‐domain. A set of first‐order differential equations to represent the semi‐infinite fluid channel is obtained which can be coupled to the equations of motion of the bounded part of the system. The complete dam–reservoir system is finally described by a symmetric set of second‐order differential equations replacing the pressure by new state variables. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coupling chemical weathering with soil production across soil‐mantled landscapes
Authors: Burke Benjamin C. , Heimsath Arjun M. , White Arthur F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSoil‐covered upland landscapes constitute a critical part of the habitable world. Our understanding of how they evolve as a function of different climatic, tectonic and geological regimes is important across a wide range of disciplines and depends, in part, on understanding the links between chemical and physical weathering processes. Extensive previous work has shown that soil production rates decrease with increasing soil column thickness, but chemical weathering rates were not measured. Here we examine a granitic, soil‐mantled hillslope at Point Reyes, California, where soil production rates were determined using in situ produced cosmogenic nuclides (10Be and 26Al), and we quantify the extent as well as the rates of chemical weathering of the saprolite from beneath soil from across the landscape. We collected saprolite samples from the base of soil pits and analysed them for abrasion pH as well as for major and trace elements by X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy, and for clay mineralogy by X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy. Our results show for the first time that chemical weathering rates decrease with increasing soil thickness and account for 13 to 51 per cent of total denudation. We also show that spatial variation in chemical weathering appears to be topographically controlled: weathering rate decreases with slope across the divergent ridge and increases with upslope contributing area in the convergent swale. Furthermore, to determine the best measure for the extent of saprolite weathering, we compared four different chemical weathering indices – the Vogt ratio, the chemical index of alteration (CIA), Parker's index, and the silicon–aluminium ratio – with saprolite pH. Measurements of the CIA were the most closely correlated with saprolite pH, showing that weathering intensity decreases linearly with an increase in saprolite pH from 4·7 to almost 7. Data presented here are among the first to couple directly rates of soil production and chemical weathering with how topography is likely to control weathering at a hillslope scale. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Detection of memory impairment in the general population: screening by questionnaire and telephone compared to subsequent face‐to‐face assessment
Authors: van Uffelen Jannique G. Z. , Chin A Paw Marijke J. M. , Klein Martin , van Mechelen Willem , Hopman‐Rock Marijke 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBackgroundDevelopment of efficient methods for identifying subjects with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) from the general population is warranted, because these subjects represent an important group for (epidemiological) research purposes.Objectives(1) To describe a two‐step population screening for identifying adults with MCI from the general population for research purposes, by questionnaire and telephone; (2) to compare screening by telephone (method 1) to a subsequent face‐to‐face assessment (method 2).MethodsIn method 1, subjects with memory complaints were identified from the general population (n = 5491) by a postal questionnaire. Subsequently, cognitive status and memory were assessed in a telephone interview using the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status and the Ten Word Learning Test. Next, subjects with MCI according to method 1 were subjected to a face‐to‐face assessment for method 2, in which cognitive status and memory were assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT).ResultsTwo hundred and twenty‐seven subjects completed both the telephone interview and the face‐to‐face assessment. Ninety‐three subjects (41%) had MCI according to both methods. Seven subjects (3%) failed to meet MCI criteria according to method two because of an MMSE score <24; 127 subjects (56%) failed because of normal AVLT scores.Conclusion(1) The two‐step population screening was able to detect a considerable number of MCI‐subjects in the general population; (2) agreement between both methods was moderate. Therefore, the method of recruiting subjects for (epidemiological) studies has to be taken into consideration when interpreting results of these studies. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Usefulness of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) in the Korean elderly population
Authors: Jo Sangmee Ahn , Park Moon Ho , Jo Inho , Ryu Seung‐Ho , Han Changsu 
Published: October 2006

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic validity of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) in the elderly and to suggest an optimal cut‐off score in order to screen major depressive disorder.MethodsThe BDI and an elderly health questionnaire were administered to 2729 subjects over the age of 60 chosen by stratified random sampling in a Ansan City, South Korea. The BDI and geriatric depression scale (GDS) were examined at about a two‐year interval. A reliability and validity test, a factor analysis and an ROC curve analysis were performed.ResultsEighty‐four subject had depression and 2645 subjects were rated as normal. The BDI showed significant positive internal consistency (r = 0.88) and test–retest reliability (r = 0.60). Convergent validity with GDS was significantly positive (r = 0.59), and an exploratory factor analysis revealed four factors. We suggest a score of 16 as the optimal cut‐off point for the BDI when screening for major depression.ConclusionThe results of this study showed that the Korean version of the BDI is appropriate for screening for depression and 16 is the optimal cut‐off score for the Korean elderly. Screening of elderly depression with BDI in the community would be valuable when comparing with younger adults and with their former BDI data which were taken when they were young. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.