bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linkage Microenvironment and Oxygen Electroreduction Reaction Performance Correlationship of Iron Phthalocyanine‐based Polymers
Authors: Huang Mingtao , Gu Qiao , Wu Yonggan , Wei Yuanhao , Pei Yangfan , Hu Ting , Lützenkirchen‐Hecht Dirk , Yuan Kai , Chen Yiwang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIron phthalocyanine‐based conjugated polymers (PFePc) offer well‐defined sites, rendering them ideal model systems to elucidate structure–property relationships towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), but have struggled to achieve improved catalytic activity due to uniform electron distribution of iron center and difficulty in molecular‐level structure design. Although rationally linkage microenvironmental regulation is an effective approach to adjusting activity, the underlying fundamental mechanism is incompletely understood. Herein, systematic DFT calculations and experimental investigation of PFePc analogous reveal that the incorporation of the electron‐withdrawing benzophenone linkage into the PFePc backbone (PFePc‐3) drives the delocalization of Fe d‐orbital electrons, downshifts the d‐band energy level, thereby tailoring the key OH* intermediate interaction, demonstrating enhanced ORR performance with a half‐wave potential of 0.91 V, a high mass activity of 21.43 A g−1, and a high turnover frequency of 2.18 e s−1 site−1. Magnetic susceptibility measurements and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy reveal that linkage regulation can induce a 3d electron with high spin‐state (t2g3eg2) of PFePc‐3, significantly accelerating the ORR kinetics. In situ scanning electrochemical microscopy and variable‐frequency square wave voltammetry further highlight the rapid kinetics of PFePc‐3 to the high accessible site density (6.14×1019 site g−1) and fast electron outbound propagation mechanism.
Broadband‐Light‐Induced [2+2] Cycloaddition and Thermoinduced Cycloreversion‐Powered Dynamic Molecular Crystals
Authors: Zhong Jiangbin , Sun Jingbo , Chen Chao , Yang Xiqiao , Ye Kaiqi , Li Liang , Naumov Panče , Lu Ran 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPhotomechanically responsive dynamic molecular crystals are central to developing efficient, rapid, and robust materials capable of conversion of light energy to mechanical work. However, unlike some other, mainly photochromic molecular solar thermal energy storage (MOST) systems, solids that undergo photoinduced [2+2] cycloaddition have not been thoroughly explored for powering reversible actuation, despite that this reaction system carries potential in the heavily strained bonds of the cyclobutane ring. In this study, we propose that broadband‐light‐induced [2+2] cycloaddition can be used to store energy and actuate dynamic organic crystals by irradiation with visible light. The prototypical material, pyrenylvinylpyrylium tetrafluoroborate (1–PVPyL), undergoes a topochemical [2+2] cycloaddition induced not only by ultraviolet radiation (365 nm) but also by monochromatic green light (532 nm), red light (620 nm) and broadband visible light in a single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal (SCSC) manner, causing its crystals to bend. The crystals effectively act as energy depots, where the reverse deformation can be initiated by heating and the stored energy is released via thermal cycloreversion reaction. Given the ubiquity of the [2+2] cycloaddition in the solid state, the current study invites the development of new dimeric MOST architectures that utilize sunlight for energy storage and thermal triggers for energy release. Within a broader scope, this approach provides a platform for fabrication of visible‐light‐driven crystal actuators capable of harnessing sunlight.
The Newly Formed Ribb Reservoir Could Serve as a Refugia for Conserving Ethiopia's Globally Unique Labeobarbus Species Flock
Authors: Getahun Abebe , Mingist Minwyelet , Hailu Biniam , Mequanent Dagnew , Cooperman Michael S. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe 17 species of Labeobarbus found in Lake Tana constitute the only extant cyprinid species flock in the world but extensive water development projects are impacting their habitats. Here, we assess if the Labeobarbus spp. are established above the Ribb Dam, constructed in 2017, and if so, the condition of the individuals and if there is evidence of local recruitment. Fish samplings were conducted once a month during the Labeobarbus species' spawning season of July to the end of September 2022, using monofilament and multifilament gillnets at three locations upstream of the Ribb Dam. We collected 10 Labeobarbus spp., with L. intermedius (40.7%) being the most abundant followed by L. brevicephalus (23.0%) and L. nedgia (22.2%). Labeobarbus fork lengths ranged from 7.8 to 43.0 cm and there were no notable gaps across the size ranges. Fulton's condition factors for species where n ≥ 20 were 1.30–1.54 (good), like Lake Tana populations. Our collection included sexually immature and first‐time maturing individuals, indicating Labeobarbus are reproducing and recruiting successfully in the watershed above the dam. Our results suggest that the Ribb River watershed above Ribb Dam may serve as a refugia for at least some of the 17 species of the species flock. However, challenges remain before the upper watershed should be viewed as a viable long‐term habitat for Labeobarbus, including the need for a fisheries management program, pollution control and mitigation of catchment degradation in the uplands that is leading to the rapid infilling of the reservoir, where current estimates suggest a 30‐year reservoir life span.
Omics Data Integration of Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus Reveals High‐Potential Targeted Pathways for the Development of Pest Control Management
Authors: Seman‐Kamarulzaman Ahmad‐Faris , Muhammad Nor Azlan Nor , Othman Nurul Wahida , Jalinas Johari , Hassan Nurul Izzaty , Rahmat Nur Lina , Hassan Maizom 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier, 1790) (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae), commonly known as the red palm weevil (RPW), is a globally significant pest that threatens economically important palm trees. Its cryptic infestation behavior leads to irreversible damage and eventual host plant death. Current control methods using broad‐spectrum insecticides are largely ineffective due to resistance development and their adverse effects on nontarget organisms, necessitating novel strategies. This study integrates proteomics and transcriptomics data to explore the molecular landscape of RPW and identify pathways for targeted pest management. A total of 16,954 transcripts and 983 proteins were identified across three developmental stages (larvae, male adults, and female adults), with a notable decline in protein numbers from larvae to adult. Differential expression analysis revealed 7540 proteins varying significantly between developmental stages. Through subtractive analysis, 218 proteins meeting stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria were identified. These proteins underwent pathway enrichment analysis, mapping to 39 enriched pathways (p‐value and an FDR of < 0.01). Among these, two pathways involving three key enzymes were highlighted as high‐potential targets for developing insect‐specific insecticides and diet‐specific control strategies. This is the first comprehensive proteomics study analyzing the whole body of RPW across its developmental stages. The findings emphasize critical pathways, their enzyme components, and the regulation of these enzymes, offering novel insights for sustainable and targeted pest management solutions.
Legal and ethical considerations around the use of existing illustrations to generate new illustrations in the anatomical sciences
Authors: Cornwall Jon , White Richard , Pennefather Patrick , Hildebrandt Sabine , Gregory Jill , Smith Heather F. , Organ Jason , Krebs Claudia 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIt is likely existing anatomical illustrations are often used as the basis for new illustrative works, given not all illustrators have access to human tissues, bodies, or prosections on which to base their illustrations. Potential issues arise with this practice in the realms of copyright infringement and plagiarism when authors are seeking to publish, a matter becoming more prevalent with the proliferation in publishing platforms and the increased adoption of generative artificial intelligence applications within academia. However, there is little published guidance that might inform authors when using an existing illustration as the basis for new work. This article provides information pertaining to copyright, copyright infringement, fair use and fair dealings, plagiarism, and the overlap of copyright and plagiarism to highlight issues of law and ethics that are relevant to the creation of illustrations. Interestingly, the determination of exactly what constitutes an “original” illustration per construction from a secondary source has not been determined in case law for anatomy illustrations. This fact illuminates the absence of a “bright‐line” test for illustration reproduction and the difficulties in the objective assessment of what constitutes a “nonoriginal” illustration. The term “substantively different” is useful for determining whether illustrations derived from secondary sources can be deemed original. This article delivers guidance on how to develop illustrations with reference to determining whether copyright has been breached or plagiarism has occurred. It also provides information that will direct decision‐making around illustrative content.
Modelling Task Durations Towards Automated, Big Data, Process Mining
Authors: Faddy Malcolm , Yang Lingkai , McClean Sally , Donnelly Mark , Khan Kashaf , Burke Kevin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBusiness processes are generally time‐sensitive, impacting factors such as customer expectations, cost efficiencies, compliance requirements, supply chain constraints, and timely decision‐making. Time analysis is therefore crucial for customer understanding and process congestion minimisation. Existing process mining methods mainly employ basic statistics, process discovery and data mining techniques. These approaches often lack a structured model or profile to characterise the data related to the duration of individual process tasks. Consequently, it can be difficult to comprehensively understand critical observations such as trends, peaks, and valleys of task durations. This paper proposes a parsimonious generic representation of task duration data that addresses these limitations. A mixture model comprising gamma, uniform and exponential distributions is proposed that allows for peaked components corresponding to durations terminating near a particular value (the peak) with, in addition, flatter components for durations terminating more randomly between the peaks. The modelling is validated using examples from patient billing and the telecom industry. In each scenario, the corresponding fitted models offer a good representation of the underlying process tasks. The model can therefore be used to improve knowledge of these tasks in terms of the mixture components and what they might represent, such as the root causes of task termination. The paper also considers information criteria more appropriate for large data sets where very small effects can appear “significant” using techniques developed for smaller data sets.
Bolstering the Rate Performance of Co‐Free Ni‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathode through a Rapid Heating Method
Authors: Mitra Soumyadip , Rathnayaka Mudiyanselage Thilini , Wang Xijue , Lohar Gaurav , Dubal Deepak , Sudakar Chandran 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe growing demand for high‐energy density Ni‐rich cathode materials, driven by the rise in lithium‐ion batteries for electric vehicles and electronics necessitates fast, efficient production methods. Traditional methods for Ni‐rich cathodes are energy‐intensive, taking up to 24 hours, which increases costs and CO2 emissions. In contrast, this study introduces a Co‐free Ni‐rich layered oxide cathode (LiNi0.9Fe0.05Al0.05O2 (NFA)) synthesis using a rapid microwave heating technique. This method takes just 2.5 hours, including heating and dwell time, while consuming minimal electricity. The microwave‐annealed cathodes exhibits a well‐ordered layered structure with fewer defects compared to those produced by traditional calcination (21 h). Furthermore, these cathodes display superior discharge capacities across all C‐rates (e. g. 157 mAh g−1 at 1 C‐rate and 129 mAh g−1 at 10 C‐rate) and retain 78.1 % specific capacity after 100 cycles at high current density (1 C‐rate). This study paves the way for the rapid, energy‐efficient synthesis of high‐performance cathode materials for advanced lithium‐ion batteries.
Spectacular Application of Isoindole‐Based Fluorophore for Mirabegron Assay in Tablets and Biological Fluids (Urine/Plasma). Assessment of Method Blueness and Whiteness
Authors: Abu‐hassan Ahmed A. , Mahdi Wael A. , Alshehri Sultan , Alsehli Bandar R. , Saleh Safaa F. , El Hamd Mohamed A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe FDA has approved mirabegron (MBG) for alleviating urgency in micturition and incontinence. Its mechanism of action involves the activation of β3‐adrenoreceptors. The present research outlines a novel, highly sensitive, and cost‐effective protocol for analyzing MBG. The current research relies on MBG interaction with o‐phthalaldehyde alongside 2‐mercaptoethanol. The resulting isoindole fluorophore was quantified at λex 337.7 and λem 433.7 nm. A comprehensive analysis was conducted to systematically examine and enhance the several experimental factors that impact the creation of the isoindole‐based fluorophore outcome. A linear correlation was established by precisely manipulating these variables, demonstrating that the increase in fluorescence strength is directly correlated to the quantity of MBG within the range of 30 to 1000 ng/mL. The analytical method was able to reliably detect MBG concentrations as low as 9 ng/mL and accurately quantify levels down to 27.5 ng/mL. This analytical procedure was effectively employed to determine the concentration of MBG in commercially available tablet formulations, as well as in plasma/urine samples. Furthermore, the strategy was extended to assess the content uniformity of MBG‐containing products, providing results with satisfactory accuracy and precision. Importantly, this approach is cost‐effective, environmentally friendly, and can be readily implemented for quality control and routine monitoring of MBG in pharmaceutical products. The suggested approach was evaluated utilizing the RGB12 and BAGI tools. The outcomes abundantly show the practicability and integrity of the planned strategy.
Chemical Constituents From Trichilia connaroides and Their Anti‐Tobacco Mosaic Virus Properties
Authors: Li Qin‐Dan , Feng En‐Ming , Wang Dan , Liang Hong , Chen Lu , Tang Lei , Di Ying‐Tong , Zou Jie , Qin Xu‐Jie , Yan Ying 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTFurther phytochemical investigation on the twigs of Trichilia connaroides led to the isolation of nine limonoids (1, 2, and 5–11), one 3,4‐seco‐homo‐cycloartane (3), and two steroids (4 and 12). The structures of these obtained isolates were established by means of detailed analyses of their extensive spectroscopic information and electronic circular dichroism calculations, four of them were elucidated as undescribed compounds (1–4). It is noted that an unprecedented 7‐oxabicyclo[2.2.1]‐heptane moiety in trichilitin M (1) was proposed by the linkage of C‐11 and C‐14 via an oxygen atom. All compounds were evaluated for their anti‐tobacco mosaic virus (anti‐TMV) activities by the conventional half‐leaf method and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) assays. Compared with the positive control ningnanmycin, compounds 1, 6, 7, and 11 showed significant anti‐TMV biological activities. Furthermore, quantitative RT‐PCR assays suggested that the expression level of the TMV coat protein (CP) gene in inoculated and systemic K326 leaves treated by both 1 and 6, was significantly lower than that for the control group. More importantly, compounds 1 and 6 could not only inhibit the accumulation of the TMV CP gene but also enhance the host plant's resistance to TMV infection.
Flavonoids in combating renal fibrosis: Targeting NF‐κB signal and in silico support
Authors: Amin Haitham , S. Althagafy Hanan , S. Abd El-Maksoud Mostafa , M. Ibrahim Islam , H. M. Hassanein Emad 
Published: February 2025

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an overriding concern for many researchers, as it causes unspeakable suffering among patients. Renal fibrosis is the hallmark of end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD), which can progress to death. The super‐fuels for renal fibrosis are oxidative stress and inflammation. It occurs in all CKD patients, but how it develops is still ambiguous. Flavonoids demonstrate tremendous fighting power against inflammation and oxidative stress in many diseases. NF‐κB suppression has been deeply investigated in renal fibrosis, with phenomenally good outcomes. This review shed light on flavonoids’ ability to beat renal fibrosis associated with NF‐κB activation. Flavonoids exhibit a promising antifibrotic effects through targeting NF‐κB such as Apigenin, Baicalin, Diosmin, Epigallocatechin 3‐Gallate, Genistein, Isoliquiritigenin, Naringin, Puerarin, Quercetin, Silibinin, Wogonin, Biochanin A, and Cardamonin. Moreover, in silico studies showed that flavonoids displayed an outstanding inhibitory effect on NF‐κB based on the energy of binding. They are well‐fitted to the binding pocket of the target protein by forming hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic and ionic interactions with the key amino acid residues. The outcomes revealed that silibinin, baicalin, and baicalein are the most powerful NF‐κB inhibitors. In conclusion, through suppressing NF‐κB signal, flavonoids display a dynamite performance in combating CKD and renal fibrosis.
Cryptotanshinone Inhibits Obesity‐Related Cervical Cancer by Downregulating CXCL8 Expression in Hela Cells
Authors: Pan Xinyu , Ren Ziqi , Gong Ping , Sun Xiaodan , Wang Le , He Yin , Liu Dan , Cao Xiangyu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCervical cancer is one of the cancers commonly found in the female reproductive system and is associated with obesity. However, the exact connection mechanisms remain unclear. Screening of key therapeutic targets and natural products with good antitumor activity has become a crucial strategy for cancer therapy. Cryptotanshinone is one of the main extracts of tanshinone, which has anti‐inflammatory and anti‐cancer properties. Key therapeutic targets and related low‐toxicity natural active ingredients were identified as crucial components in cancer treatment strategies. Therefore, network pharmacology and cellular biology techniques were used to screen and validate key targets in obesity‐related cervical cancer and to elucidate the mechanisms of its cryptotanshinone. The results indicated that C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) might be modulated by cryptotanshinone. The knockdown of CXCL8 significantly reduced Hela cell viability to 15.29% ± 4.59% compared with the control group (p < 0.01), which consequently inhibited both cell proliferation and lipid droplet formation. Moreover, cryptotanshinone (20, 40, and 80 µM) significantly reduced CXCL8 expression and inhibited the NOD‐like receptor signaling pathway in Hela cells compared with the control group (p < 0.01). Therefore, this study manifested that cryptotanshinone potentially played an important role in obesity‐related cervical cancer. This study provided an important experimental basis for further exploring the pathogenesis and prevention of obesity‐related cervical cancer.
Systemic Change at Community Colleges: Highlighting Leader Moves of Transformation
Authors: González Ángel de Jesus , Holcombe Elizabeth , Kezar Adrianna 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCommunity colleges are positioned in an ecosystem of complex organizational conditions and have a multitude of external factors influencing their context. This context demands systemic change work that is complex, which requires community college leaders to be adaptable to their organizational landscape. In this article, we provide key insights from the change leadership toolkit (CLT). Starting with an overview of the ecosystem model of systemic change leadership. First, we provide a breakdown of its components which include leadership context, leader moves, and levers for change. Next, we provide a set of case study examples that help operationalize the model in practice with a focus on the main parts of the model. We conclude with some brief recommendations for change agents to consider when embarking on systemic change efforts.
Wunderlich Syndrome Caused by Spontaneous Rupture of Renal Angiomyolipoma in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy: Endovascular Management With Fetal Preservation—A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Al‐falahi Abdulqader , Al‐Sayyadi Maeen , Al‐Ozair Bassam , Alwah Ali , Ahmed Faisal 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRenal angiomyolipoma (AML) are benign tumors incidentally diagnosed during routine radiologic images; nonetheless, AML rupture is uncommon and has been associated with fatal consequences, demanding prompt intervention, especially during pregnancy with symptoms of Wunderlich's syndrome (WS) and atrophied contralateral kidney. We report a 30‐year‐old pregnant woman who presented with gross hematuria and hypovolemic shock in her seventh month of pregnancy. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 15 × 13.5 × 16 cm AML mass in the left kidney, a 5 × 6 cm intrarenal pseudoaneurysm, and a massive retroperitoneal hematoma with an atrophied contralateral right kidney. After achieving hemodynamic stability, selective renal arterial embolization was performed with a successful outcome. She subsequently delivered her baby via cesarean section without complications. In conclusion, although WS due to AML rupture is rare during pregnancy, accurate diagnosis and prompt endovascular treatment should be pursued in cases involving a solitary kidney and associated comorbid conditions to safeguard the lives of both the patient and the baby, stabilize renal function, and prevent catastrophic complications.
Trichobezoar as an Unusual Cause for Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Almouallem Mohamad Moamen , Hanna Majd , Martini Nafiza , Alfarouh Ahmad , Mousseli Rand , Yaldany Maysam , Mahmod Jaber 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTrichobezoars are conglomerations of undigested foreign materials within the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). They are most commonly observed in young girls. Trichobezoars typically lodge in the stomach, but can extend further into the intestines in a condition called Rapunzel syndrome. The current patient, a young girl, complained of abdominal pain accompanied by diarrhea. She also had a history of bile vomiting 1 month prior and an abnormal craving for mud (PICA). Trichobezoars are often linked to hair‐pulling disorders or other mental health conditions, and symptoms can be vague for years before progressing to nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and even iron deficiency anemia. Treatment involves removing the hairball and addressing any underlying psychological issues. In the current case, we aimed to elucidate the diagnosis, management, and unique features of gastrointestinal tract trichobezoars, which are uncommon causes of gastrointestinal distress and iron deficiency anemia (IDA).