bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconsidering performance management to support innovative changes in health care services
Authors: Anders Anell 
Published: March 2024

PurposeA large number of studies indicate that coercive forms of organizational control and performance management in health care services often backfire and initiate dysfunctional consequences. The purpose of this article is to discuss new approaches to performance management in health care services when the purpose is to support innovative changes in the delivery of services.Design/methodology/approachThe article represents cross-boundary work as the theoretical and empirical material used to discuss and reconsider performance management comes from several relevant research disciplines, including systematic reviews of audit and feedback interventions in health care and extant theories of human motivation and organizational control.FindingsAn enabling approach to performance management in health care services can potentially contribute to innovative changes. Key design elements to operationalize such an approach are a formative and learning-oriented use of performance measures, an appeal to self- and social-approval mechanisms when providing feedback and support for local goals and action plans that fit specific conditions and challenges.Originality/valueThe article suggests how to operationalize an enabling approach to performance management in health care services. The framework is consistent with new governance and managerial approaches emerging in public sector organizations more generally, supporting a higher degree of professional autonomy and the use of nonfinancial incentives.
Systematic review of servant leadership and burnout
Authors: Mahon Daryl 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
Employee burnout is increasingly coming under attention due to its negative impact on employee well-being and organisational effectiveness. This study, a systematic review, aims to evaluate the role of servant leadership and its mediators in preventing and mitigating against burnout experiences in organisations.

Design/methodology/approach
A preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analyses (PRISMA) was conducted using three databases, Academic search Complete, Embase and Scopus, in addition to bibliography searches. Articles were included if they reported on primary data, in English from inception to 2023. The mixed methods critical appraisal tool was used to assess the quality of articles, and a narrative synthesis was used to report results.

Findings
The search strategy yielded 4,045 articles, of which (N = 17), with total sample size of (N = 10,444) are included. Findings suggest that servant leadership is predictive of burnout, and that several mediators impact this relationship. Most studies were conducted in health care (n = 8) and banking (n = 3), and while the quality of the studies was mostly high (64%), the methods used were mainly descriptive and cross-sectional, which limits the extent to which causality can be inferred. A theory of change is provided based on the findings from this review and integrated with the extant literature on servant leadership theory, and can be used by organisations to support the policy, training and practice of servant leadership to reduce burnout.

Originality/value
Servant leadership is predictive of burnout; however, further research needs to be undertaken in this important emerging area.
Exploring changes in urban, small town and rural policing during the COVID-19 pandemic: does urbanicity matter?
Authors: Kutnjak Ivković Sanja , Kotlaja Marijana , Liu Yang , Neyroud Peter , Cajner Mraović Irena , Borovec Krunoslav , Maskály Jon 
Published: March 2024

PurposeWe explore the relationship between urbanicity and police officers’ perceptions of changes in their reactive and proactive work during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachUsing the 2021 survey of 1,262 Croatian police offices (436 police officers from a large urban community, 471 police officers from small towns and 155 from rural communities), we examine the perceived changes in their reactive activities (e.g. responses to the calls for service, arrests for minor crimes) and proactive activities (e.g. community policing activities, directed patrols) during the peak month of the pandemic compared to before the pandemic.FindingsThe majority of police officers in the study, regardless of the size of the community where they lived, reported no changes before and during the pandemic in reactive and proactive activities. Police officers from urban communities and small towns were more likely to note an increase in domestic violence calls for service. Police officers from urban communities were also more likely than the respondents from small towns and rural communities to report an increase in the responses to the disturbances of public order. Finally, police officers from small communities were most likely to observe a change in the frequency of traffic stops during the pandemic.Originality/valueThis study is the first one to explore the differences in perceptions of COVID-19-related changes in reactive and proactive police activities in a centralized police system.
Above‐ and belowground strategies of tropical montane tree species are coordinated and driven by small‐scale nitrogen availability
Authors: Pierick Kerstin , Leuschner Christoph , Link Roman M. , Báez Selene , Velescu Andre , Wilcke Wolfgang , Homeier Jürgen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The question whether the strategies of above‐ and belowground plant organs are coordinated as predicted by the plant economics spectrum theory is still under debate. We aim to determine the leading dimensions of tree trait variation for above‐ and belowground functional traits, and test whether they represent spectra of adaptation along a soil fertility gradient in tropical Andean forests.

We measured leaf, stem and fine root functional traits, and individual‐level soil nutrient availability for 433 trees from 52 species at three elevations between 1000 and 3000 m a.s.l.

We found close coordination between above– and belowground functional traits related to the trade‐off between resource acquisition and conservation, whereas root diameter and specific root length formed an independent axis of covarying traits. The position of a tree species along the acquisition–conservation axis of the trait space was closely associated with local soil nitrogen, but not phosphorus, availability.

Our results imply that above‐ and belowground plant functional traits determine at which edaphic microhabitats coexisting tree species can grow, which is potentially crucial for understanding community assembly in species‐rich tropical montane forests.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
qS‐wave decoupling equation for wavefield separation in transversely isotropic media
Authors: Ren Lina , Du Qizhen , Lv Wenhao , Pu Lei , Fu Li‐Yun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractConsidering the anisotropy of the earth media is helpful in reducing the depth error between seismic and drilling and providing reliable imaging data for seismic interpretation and inversion. Transversely isotropic media with a vertical axis of symmetry are the most common type of anisotropic media and have been under constant study. The separation of the P‐ and S‐wavefields, which affects the accuracy of elastic wave imaging and the inversion in transversely isotropic media with a vertical axis of symmetry, is a hot research topic. Among the commonly used wavefield decoupling methods, the S‐wave is typically obtained by subtracting the P‐wave from the total wavefield. However, this kind of wavefield decoupling method often leads to severe P‐wave crosstalk in the separated S‐wavefield; thus, it needs further development. In this paper, the principle that the divergence of the S‐wave is zero is employed to solve the unresolved S‐wave elastic parameters of the S‐wave stiffness matrix by utilizing the modified zero‐order pseudo‐Helmholtz decomposition operator. The obtained S‐wave elastic parameters are employed to construct the qS‐wave stress and facilitate the derivation of the relationship between the qS‐wave particle velocity and the qS‐wave stress. Furthermore, a qS‐wave decoupling first‐order velocity–stress equation, which matches the qP‐wave decoupling first‐order velocity–stress equation, is derived. By jointly using the decoupling equations of qS‐ and qP‐wave, the separation of the P‐ and S‐wavefields in transversely isotropic media with a vertical axis of symmetry is realized. The efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated via numerical tests conducted to assess the wavefield separation. Moreover, a complex model is employed to perform elastic reverse‐time migration, resulting in the acquisition of accurate imaging results for PP, PS, SP, and SS waves, without the presence of significant artefacts. The correctness of the qS‐wave decoupling equation in transversely isotropic media with a vertical axis of symmetry is confirmed by the comparative tests using decoupling methods in isotropic media.
The United States: Political Developments and Data in 2023
Authors: KATZ RICHARD S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe 2023 political year in the United States was dominated by three major themes: the legal problems of former President Donald Trump, particularly in light of his campaign to regain the White House in 2024; the near‐total dysfunctionality of the Republican majority in the House of Representatives; and the state of the economy, especially inflation, but also employment. Lurking in the background, and in large measure captive to these concerns, were the issues of immigration and aid to Israel and Ukraine.
Diosgenin inhibits proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells and induce apoptosis via upregulation of PTEN
Authors: Fang Fang , Zhang Xiaoyan , Fang Yun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDiosgenin, a natural steroidal sapogenin, has recently attracted a high amount of attention, as an effective anticancer agent in ovarian cancer. However, diosgenin mediated anticancer impacts are still not completely understood. Thus, the present study evaluated the effect of diosgenin on the proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells. OVCAR‐3 and SKOV‐3 cells were treated with diosgenin, cellular viability was assessed by MTT assay and apoptosis was measured by ELISA and evaluated the protein expression levels of apoptotic markers through western blotting. Cell migration was examined by measuring the mRNA levels of genes involved in the cell invasion. The protein expression levels of main components of PI3K signaling were evaluated via western blotting. Diosgenin led to significant inhibition of cellular proliferation in a dose‐dependent manner. It also induced apoptosis through upregulating pro‐apoptotic markers and downregulating antiapoptotic mediators. In addition, OVCAR‐3 cells exposure to diosgenin decreased cell migration and invasion. More importantly, diosgenin downregulated the expression levels of main proteins in PI3K signaling including PI3K, Akt, mTOR, and GSK3. Diosgenin inhibited the proliferation and migration of OVCAR‐3 ovarian cancer cells and induced apoptosis, which may be mediated by targeting PI3K signaling.
Clinical exome sequencing uncovers genetic disorders in neonates with suspected hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Parobek Christian M. , Zemet Roni , Shanahan Matthew A. , Burnett Brian A. , Mizerik Elizabeth , Rosenfeld Jill A. , Vossaert Liesbeth , Clark Steven L. , Hunter Jill V. , Lalani Seema R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) occurs in up to 7 out of 1000 births and accounts for almost a quarter of neonatal deaths worldwide. Despite the name, many newborns with HIE have little evidence of perinatal hypoxia. We hypothesized that some infants with HIE have genetic disorders that resemble encephalopathy. We reviewed genetic results for newborns with HIE undergoing exome or genome sequencing at a clinical laboratory (2014–2022). Neonates were included if they had a diagnosis of HIE and were delivered ≥35 weeks. Neonates were excluded for cardiopulmonary pathology resulting in hypoxemia or if neuroimaging suggested postnatal hypoxic–ischemic injury. Of 24 patients meeting inclusion criteria, six (25%) were diagnosed with a genetic condition. Four neonates had variants at loci linked to conditions with phenotypic features resembling HIE, including KIF1A, GBE1, ACTA1, and a 15q13.3 deletion. Two additional neonates had variants in genes not previously associated with encephalopathy, including DUOX2 and PTPN11. Of the six neonates with a molecular diagnosis, two had isolated HIE without apparent comorbidities to suggest a genetic disorder. Genetic diagnoses were identified among neonates with and without sentinel labor events, abnormal umbilical cord gasses, and low Apgar scores. These results suggest that genetic evaluation is clinically relevant for patients with perinatal HIE.
Human Beings and Their Education from an Anthropological Perspective: Current Discourses in the Field of Educational Science in the German‐Speaking World
Authors: Wulf Christoph 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this article Cristoph Wulf examines the basic concepts of pedagogy and educational science in the German‐speaking world, looking at education and socialization from the perspective of educational anthropology. He makes evident that the complex German concept of Bildung, in particular, can only be fully understood by means of a historical and philosophical analysis.
Short‐ and long‐term postoperative complications and outcomes after umbilical vein marsupialisation in 11 foals
Authors: Obrochta Bartłomiej , Saitua Aritz , Gracia‐Calvo Luis A. , Muñoz Encarnación , Koenig Judith , Méndez‐Angulo José L. , Prades Marta , Argüelles David 
Published: March 2024

SummaryBackgroundReports describing short‐ and long‐term postoperative complications and outcomes after umbilical vein marsupialisation in foals are limited and nondetailed.ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to report surgical treatment, short‐ and long‐term complications and outcomes in foals with umbilical vein infection with or without liver abscessation treated with marsupialisation of the umbilical vein.Study designRetrospective clinical study, short case series.MethodsMedical records were reviewed (between 2014 and 2022, four referral centres) to identify foals (n = 11) that were treated for umbilical remnant infection and had surgery to perform marsupialisation of the umbilical vein.ResultsShort‐term complications encountered were postoperative myositis (n = 1), herniation of the linea alba (n = 1), stoma necrosis (n = 1), pneumonia (n = 3) and septic arthritis (n = 1). The foal with septic polyarthritis was euthanised due to poor athletic prognosis. Long term, four foals required a second surgical procedure due to herniation at the marsupialisation site (n = 3) or midline incision (n = 1). The omphalophlebitis was resolved in 10 of the 11 foals with a follow‐up time from 5 to 88 months.Main limitationsThe variability of management related to the duration of study time, number of surgeons and multiple institutions may have limited this study.ConclusionsMarsupialisation of the umbilical vein can be a viable surgical option if en‐bloc resection does not allow the removal of all infected tissues. Our main complication was herniation at the stoma site. Compared with simple en‐bloc resection, marsupialisation may require further veterinary treatment and increased associated costs.
Prediction of jaw opening function after mandibular reconstruction using subject‐specific musculoskeletal modelling
Authors: Chen Junpeng , Wang Jing , Guo Jianqiao , Wang Xinyue , Kang Yanfeng , Wang Yang , Guo Chuanbin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundMandibular reconstruction patients often suffer abnormalities in the mandibular kinematics. In silico simulations, such as musculoskeletal modelling, can be used to predict post‐operative mandibular kinematics. It is important to validate the mandibular musculoskeletal model and analyse the factors influencing its accuracy.ObjectivesTo investigate the jaw opening‐closing movements after mandibular reconstruction, as predicted by the subject‐specific musculoskeletal model, and the factors influencing its accuracy.MethodsTen mandibular reconstruction patients were enrolled in this study. Cone‐beam computed tomography images, mandibular movements, and surface electromyogram signals were recorded preoperatively. A subject‐specific mandibular musculoskeletal model was established to predict surgical outcomes using patient‐averaged muscle parameter changes as model inputs. Jaw bone geometry was replaced by surgical planning results, and the muscle insertion sites were registered based on the non‐rigid iterative closest point method. The predicted jaw kinematic data were validated based on 6‐month post‐operative measurements. Correlations between the prediction accuracy and patient characteristics (age, pathology and surgical scope) were further analysed.ResultsThe root mean square error (RMSE) for lower incisor displacement was 31.4%, and the error for peak magnitude of jaw opening was 4.9 mm. Age, post‐operative infection and radiotherapy influenced the prediction accuracy. The amount of masseter detachment showed little correlation with jaw opening.ConclusionThe mandibular musculoskeletal model successfully predicted short‐range jaw opening functions after mandibular reconstruction. It provides a novel surgical planning method to predict the risk of developing trismus.
What's in the Sound? Common and Language‐Specific Patterns in Brain Activation and Functional Connectivity for Phonological Awareness in Spanish–English Bilinguals
Authors: Nickerson Nia , Sun Xin , Caruso Valeria , Zhang Kehui , Yu Chi‐Lin , Eggleston Rachel , Chaku Natasha , Hu Xiaosu , Satterfield Teresa , Kovelman Ioulia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPhonological awareness is the stepping‐stone to learning to read as it helps children map language sounds onto letters. Theories of bilingualism posit that phonological awareness is a language‐common literacy skill. However, bilingual learners are also thought to build language‐specific representations. To illuminate common and specific dual‐language processes, we asked bilingual Spanish–English heritage language speakers (N = 60, Mage = 8.2) to complete a phonological sound‐matching task in Spanish and English during functional Near Infrared Neuroimaging (fNIRS). The left perisylvian activation was common across bilinguals' two languages, including similar active regions and functional connections. The findings further revealed language‐specific modulation of the system with more robust engagement of the temporal networks for Spanish and frontal networks for English. We interpret the results in the context of analytically demanding reading experiences in English and more informal home‐based Spanish language experiences typical of heritage language speakers.
Multi‐network coordinated charging infrastructure planning for the self‐sufficient renewable power highway
Authors: Zhang Tian‐Yu , Yao En‐Jian , Yang Yang , Yang Hong‐Ming , Wang David Z. W. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDeveloping a self‐sufficient renewable power (RP) road transport (SRPRT) system is an important future direction for transport–energy integration. More well‐developed studies must be conducted on the coordinated planning of transport, power supply, and power generation networks. This paper carries out the joint operation and planning of highway charging networks with the wind‐photovoltaic‐energy storage (HCN‐WPE) system. Under multi‐network integration and the interaction among multiple entities, a nested bi‐level optimization model is proposed to optimize the users’ charging and travel behavior, charging network's deployment, and power generation system's (PGS) configuration. An H‐M‐L algorithm structure is developed, combining the heuristic algorithm, multi‐agent‐based simulation technology, and linear programming algorithm. Its convergence and applicability are verified on the Nguyen‐Dupius network. An empirical case in the Hu‐Bao‐Wu city agglomeration in China is employed to explore and discuss the managerial insights for the HCN‐WPE system. The study finds that multi‐network coordinated planning can improve the benefits of multiple entities, where the net present value, RP supply rate, and RP consumption rate increase by 12.0%, 3.2%, and 10.5%, compared to independent planning. Network‐level planning can play a management and induction role in balancing the station's load pressure. In addition, the PGS co‐configuration can leverage the complementary power supply of multiple RP generators and the peak cutting and valley filling of energy storage systems, which is essential for achieving the SRPRT goal.
A prospective, pragmatic non‐inferiority study of emergency intubation success with the single‐use i‐view versus standard reusable video laryngoscope
Authors: Schauer Steven G. , Long Brit J. , April Michael D. , Resnick‐Ault Daniel , Mendez Jessica , Arana Allyson A. , Bastman Jill J. , Davis William T. , Maddry Joseph K. , Ginde Adit A. , Bebarta Vikhyat S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionVideo laryngoscope (VL) technology improves first‐pass success. The novel i‐view VL device is inexpensive and disposable. We sought to determine the first‐pass intubation success with the i‐view VL device versus the standard reusable VL systems in routine use at each site.MethodsWe performed a prospective, pragmatic study at two major emergency departments (EDs) when VL was used. We rotated i‐view versus reusable VL as the preferred device of the month based on an a priori schedule. An investigator‐initiated interim analysis was performed. Our primary outcome was a first‐pass success with a non‐inferiority margin of 10% based on the per‐protocol analysis.ResultsThere were 93 intubations using the reusable VL devices and 81 intubations using the i‐view. Our study was stopped early due to futility in reaching our predetermined non‐inferiority margin. Operator and patient characteristics were similar between the two groups. The first‐pass success rate for the i‐view group was 69.1% compared to 84.3% for the reusable VL group. A non‐inferiority analysis indicated that the difference (−15.1%) and corresponding 90% confidence limits (−25.3% to −5.0%) did not fall within the predetermined 10% non‐inferiority margin.ConclusionsThe i‐view device failed to meet our predetermined non‐inferiority margin when compared to the reusable VL systems with the study stopping early due to futility. Significant crossover occurred at the discretion of the intubating operator during the i‐view month.
Noli Me Tangere
Authors: Olson Campbell Heidi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Sixteenth-century theologians in their efforts to reform English religion sought to divest religion not only of its extrabiblical female saints but also its biblical female saints of their legends and their passionate expressions of sorrow. Reformers focused on deconstructing the popular weeping composite Mary Magdalene, yet their efforts were only partially successful. Thomas Walkington’s 1620 sermon, Rabboni, reveals that Protestant preachers were willing to diverge from the biblical account and use their imagination in sermons to appeal to their audience’s emotions. Rabboni demonstrates continued knowledge and leakage of Pre-Reformation extrabiblical legends into Protestant thought. The location of the sermon and the reception history of Pseudo-Origen’s De Maria Magdalena suggest why the medieval image of Mary Magdalene proved so indestructible.
The Consolation of Theology
Authors: Ha Sam Neulsaem 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
According to Ellen Charry’s critique of modern theology, theology has become too theoretical and intellectual. However, from its beginning, theology has aimed at comforting believers. In that light, this article seeks to recuperate the consolation of theology. In order to do that, it explores how John Calvin and missionaries to Korea of the 20th century defined theology as a source of comfort and used theology to solace the suffering believers.