bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balancing best practice and reality in behavioral intervention development: A survey of principal investigators funded by the National Institutes of Health
Authors: von Klinggraeff Lauren , Burkart Sarah , Pfledderer Christopher D , McLain Alexander , Armstrong Bridget , Weaver R Glenn , Beets Michael W 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Preliminary studies play a prominent role in the development of large-scale behavioral interventions. Though recommendations exist to guide the execution and interpretation of preliminary studies, these assume optimal scenarios which may clash with realities faced by researchers. The purpose of this study was to explore how principal investigators (PIs) balance expectations when conducting preliminary studies. We surveyed PIs funded by the National Institutes of Health to conduct preliminary behavioral interventions between 2000 and 2020. Four hundred thirty-one PIs (19% response rate) completed the survey (November 2021 to January 2022, 72% female, mean 21 years post-terminal degree). Most PIs were aware of translational models and believed preliminary studies should precede larger trials but also believed a single preliminary study provided sufficient evidence to scale. When asked about the relative importance of preliminary efficacy (i.e. changes in outcomes) and feasibility (i.e. recruitment, acceptance/adherence) responses varied. Preliminary studies were perceived as necessary to successfully compete for research funding, but among PIs who had peer-reviewed federal-level grants applications (n = 343 [80%]), responses varied about what should be presented to secure funding. Confusion surrounding the definition of a successful, informative preliminary study poses a significant challenge when developing behavior interventions. This may be due to a mismatch between expectations surrounding preliminary studies and the realities of the research enterprise in which they are conducted. To improve the quality of preliminary studies and advance the field of behavioral interventions, additional funding opportunities, more transparent criteria in grant reviews, and additional training for grant reviewers are suggested.
Vaccine communication training using the Brief Motivational Interviewing for Maternal Immunization intervention: A PRISM implementation evaluation
Authors: Cataldi Jessica R , Brewer Sarah E , Perreira Cathryn , Fisher Mary E , Spina Christine I , Cochran Fiona , Glasgow Russell E , O’Leary Sean T 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Improving clinician–patient communication can increase uptake of recommended vaccinations during pregnancy. To evaluate adaptations to and pragmatism of the brief Motivational Interviewing for Maternal Immunizations (MI4MI) intervention and to use the Practical Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM) to describe context and implementation outcomes among clinician and staff participants. We incorporated data from study team members, clinicians and staff participants, pregnant patients at participating clinics, and patient medical records. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected using surveys, chart reviews, study team notes, interviews, and focus groups. Adaptations were evaluated using the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications-Enhanced (FRAME) and pragmatism was measured with PRagmatic Explanatory Continuum Indicator Summary (PRECIS-2). MI4MI was effective at improving participants’ vaccine communication experiences. Adoption was limited by our recruitment approach. MI4MI implementation was shaped by contextual factors and associated adaptations related to the COVID pandemic and clinic and participant characteristics. Virtual asynchronous intervention delivery had mixed effects on adoption and implementation that varied across clinics and participants. Participants expressed interest in maintaining the MI4MI intervention moving forward; however, identification of sustainability infrastructure was limited. MI4MI was evaluated to be relatively pragmatic. Contextual factors strongly shaped implementation of MI4MI. Future iterations of MI4MI should include training delivery modes and incentives that accommodate a range of participants across job roles and organizational settings. Future studies including control clinics are needed to measure effectiveness for increasing vaccination and comparing virtual versus hybrid implementation strategies.
Reassessment of ‘Gyposaurus’ sinensis Young, 1941 (Dinosauria: Sauropodomorpha) from the Early Jurassic Lufeng Basin, Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Wang Ya-Ming , Zhao Qi , You Hai-Lu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Early Jurassic Lufeng Formation of Yunnan Province, southwestern China, has yielded a rich assemblage of early-branching sauropodomorphs. The syntype series of ‘Gyposaurus’ sinensis Young, 1941, represented by two skeletons from the Shawan Member of this formation, was the second-earliest named taxon after Lufengosaurus huenei Young, 1941. However, its taxonomic status has been debated ever since, owing to the invalidity of the genus ‘Gyposaurus’. Here, we provide a detailed redescription of the remaining syntype specimens of ‘Gyposaurus’ sinensis, including V26 and V27, which comprise almost complete postcranial skeletons. Both the unfused vertebrae and the osteohistology of the syntype specimens suggest that they are immature individuals. The morphology of the skeletons, especially that of the scapula, humerus, ilium, and femur of ‘Gyposaurus’ sinensis, is more similar to that of Lufengosaurus huenei than to that of other non-sauropodan sauropodomorphs. A phylogenetic analysis, in which ‘Gyposaurus’ sinensis and Lufengosaurus huenei were included as separate terminal taxa, recovered ‘Gyposaurus’ sinensis as part of a polytomy with Lufengosaurus huenei and Glacialisaurus, also indicating a close relationship between these taxa. Therefore, we suggest that ‘Gyposaurus’ sinensis is probably referable to a junior synonym of Lufengosaurus huenei.
Postpartum Necrotizing Myositis With Endometrial Prolapse
Authors: Li Rongyao , Fang Zheng , Zhou Qingqing , Fu Jing , Meng Ran , Cai Qiaoyun , Shen Yingli , Peng Cheng 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
Postpartum necrotizing myositis is a rare condition, typically presenting as a complication after uterine artery embolization or uterine compression suturing. Uterine ischemia can cause endometrial necrosis and even myometrial necrosis, which can lead to systemic infection. If a systemic infection is not promptly and actively treated, it may pose significant risk.

CASE:
A 35-year-old patient who had undergone bilateral uterine artery ligation, modified B-Lynch suture, and multiple compression sutures due to refractory postpartum hemorrhage frequently presented to clinic after postpartum discharge due to persistent fever and vaginal discharge. A bag-like prolapse from the vagina measuring 10×5 cm, accompanied by purulent discharge, was noted 78 days postsurgery. Subsequent pelvic magnetic resonance imaging revealed a uterine basal abscess and postpartum necrotizing myositis; an emergency laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy was performed, with postoperative pathology confirming the diagnosis. After the patient’s discharge, she was readmitted for inpatient treatment of a pelvic abscess.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although rare, postpartum necrotizing myositis should be considered in postpartum patients presenting with fever, abdominal pain, severe infection symptoms, and abnormal vaginal discharge. Culture and sensitivity testing are recommended to direct appropriate antibiotic therapy.
Recurrent unilateral corneal edema in a 54-year-old patient after endurance sports in low temperature
Authors: Schmid Ruediger , Butros Susanne 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:Corneal edema in endurance sports at low temperatures is a rare occurrence, and few reports can be found in the literature.Patient and Clinical Findings:A case of unilateral corneal edema in a 54-year-old man with a history of laser in situ keratomileusis surgery, cataract surgery, and vitrectomy is presented. Recurrent episodes of corneal edema were observed during endurance cycling in temperatures below 10 °C, with complete recovery observed the next day without any treatment.Diagnosis, Interventions, and Outcomes:Pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies were discussed. Local administration of hyperosmolar saline lacked of any effect as did administration of acetazolamide. A protection of the affected eye by contact lens was not successful, but ski goggles could effectively prevent the corneal edema.Conclusions:Some single reports in the literature described roughly similar corneal findings under different conditions. A systematic evaluation of this case could reveal a fateful combination of cold temperature, physical activity, and susceptibility of the corneal endothelium. Protection from cold wind by ski goggles was found to be an effective practical approach.
Predicting Early Cochlear Implant Performance: Can Cognitive Testing Help?
Authors: Schauwecker Natalie , Tamati Terrin N. , Moberly Aaron C. 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
There is significant variability in speech recognition outcomes in adults who receive cochlear implants (CIs). Little is known regarding cognitive influences on very early CI performance, during which significant neural plasticity occurs.

Methods:
Prospective study of 15 postlingually deafened adult CI candidates tested preoperatively with a battery of cognitive assessments. The mini-mental state exam (MMSE), forward digit span, Stroop measure of inhibition-concentration, and test of word reading efficiency were utilized to assess cognition. consonant-nucleus-consonant words, AZBio sentences in quiet, and AZBio sentences in noise (+10 dB SNR) were utilized to assess speech recognition at 1- and 3-months of CI use.

Results:
Performance in all speech measures at 1-month was moderately correlated with preoperative MMSE, but these correlations were not strongly correlated after correcting for multiple comparisons. There were large correlations of forward digit span with 1-month AzBio quiet (P ≤ 0.001, rho = 0.762) and AzBio noise (P ≤ 0.001, rho = 0.860), both of which were strong after correction. At 3 months, forward digit span was strongly predictive of AzBio noise (P ≤ 0.001, rho = 0.786), which was strongly correlated after correction. Changes in speech recognition scores were not correlated with preoperative cognitive test scores.

Conclusions:
Working memory capacity significantly predicted early CI sentence recognition performance in our small cohort, while other cognitive functions assessed did not. These results differ from prior studies predicting longer-term outcomes. Findings and further studies may lead to better preoperative counseling and help identify patients who require closer evaluation to ensure optimal CI performance.
Nightly Sleep Predicts Next-Morning Expectations for Stress and Positive Experiences
Authors: Wen Jin H. , Klaiber Patrick , Leger Kate A. , Hill Patrick L. , Pfund Gabrielle N. , Slavish Danica C. , DeLongis Anita , Sin Nancy L. 
Published: March 2024

Objective
Abundant research has linked nightly sleep as an antecedent of daily psychosocial experiences; however, less is known about sleep’s influence on daily expectations of these experiences. Therefore, this research examined the day-to-day associations of sleep quality, duration, and efficiency with next-day expectations for stress(ors) and positive experiences, as well as whether these expectations were related to end-of-day reports of physical symptoms.

Methods
In Study 1, U.S. adults (n = 354; ages 19 to 74) completed twice-daily diaries for 10 weekdays about sleep, expectations for encountering daily stressors and positive events, and physical symptoms. In Study 2, adults in Canada (n = 246; ages 25 to 87) wore a sleep watch for 14 consecutive days and completed mobile surveys 5×/day about sleep, stressfulness and pleasantness expectations, and physical symptoms.

Results
Multilevel models indicated that self-reported sleep quality and duration, but not efficiency, were associated with lower next-day expectations for stressors (Study 1) and stressfulness (Study 2). Self-reported sleep quality (Study 1) and all sleep indices (Study 2) predicted greater next-day expectations for positive events and pleasantness, respectively. For actigraphy-assessed sleep (Study 2), only longer-than-usual actigraphic sleep duration was associated with lower stressfulness expectations, whereas both sleep duration and efficiency were positively linked with daily pleasantness expectations. Only pleasantness expectations (Study 2)—but not daily stressfulness and event expectations (Study 1)—predicted end-of-day physical symptoms.

Conclusion
Findings suggest the importance of sleep on expectations of next-day stress and positive experiences, of which may have implications for daily physical health.
Improved Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scores after myoelectric arm orthosis use at home in chronic stroke: A retrospective study
Authors: Chang Sarah R. , Hofland Nicole , Chen Zhengyi , Kovelman Harry , Wittenberg George F. , Naft Jonathan 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Most stroke survivors have persistent upper limb impairments after completing standard clinical care. The resulting impairments can adversely affect their quality of life and ability to complete self-care tasks and remain employed, leading to increased healthcare and societal costs. A myoelectric arm orthosis can be used effectively to support the affected weak arm and increase an individual’s use of that arm.

Objective:
The study objective was to retrospectively evaluate the outcomes and clinical benefits provided by the MyoPro® orthosis in individuals 65 years and older with upper limb impairment secondary to a stroke.

Methods:
The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire was administered to individuals who have chronic stroke both before and after receiving their myoelectric orthosis. A Generalized Estimating Equation model was analyzed.

Results:
After using the MyoPro, 19 individuals with chronic stroke had a mean improvement (decrease) in DASH score of 18.07, 95% CI = (−25.41, −10.72), adjusted for 8 covariates. This large change in DASH score was statistically significant and clinically meaningful as participants self-reported an improvement with engagement in functional tasks.

Conclusions:
Use of the MyoPro increases independence in functional tasks as reported by the validated DASH outcome measure for older participants with chronic stroke.
Targeting Epstein–Barr virus in multiple sclerosis: when and how?
Authors: Giovannoni Gavin 
Published: March 2024

Purpose of review
Epidemiological evidence implicates Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) as the cause of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, its biological role in the pathogenesis of MS is uncertain. The article provides an overview of the role of EBV in the pathogenesis of MS and makes a case for targeting EBV as a treatment strategy for MS.

Recent findings
EBV potentially triggers autoimmunity via molecular mimicry or immune dysregulation. Another hypothesis, supported by immunological and virological data, indicates that active EBV infection via latent-lytic infection cycling within the central nervous system or periphery drives MS disease activity. This supports testing small molecule anti-EBV agents targeting both latent and lytic infection, central nervous system-penetrant B-cell therapies and EBV-targeted immunotherapies in MS. Immunotherapies may include EBV-specific cytotoxic or chimeric antigen receptors T-cells, therapeutic EBV vaccines and immune reconstitution therapies to boost endogenous EBV-targeted cytotoxic T-cell responses.

Summary
EBV is the probable cause of MS and is likely to be driving MS disease activity via latent-lytic infection cycling. There is evidence that all licensed MS disease-modifying therapies target EBV, and there is a compelling case for testing other anti-EBV strategies as potential treatments for MS.
Exploration of low-frequency allelic variants of SARS-CoV-2 genomes reveals coinfections in Mexico occurred during periods of VOCs turnover
Authors: García-López Rodrigo , Taboada Blanca , Zárate Selene , Muñoz-Medina José Esteban , Salas-Lais Angel Gustavo , Herrera-Estrella Alfredo , Boukadida Celia , Vazquez-Perez Joel Armando , Gómez-Gil Bruno , Sanchez-Flores Alejandro , Arias Carlos F. 
Published: March 2024

Graphical abstract
Coinfections occurring within a single sample can be detected by exploring all mutations in a genomic set as these have full profiles commonly observed in lower prevalence.
Multiscale computational model predicts how environmental changes and drug treatments affect microvascular remodeling in fibrotic disease
Authors: Leonard-Duke Julie , Agro Samuel M. J. , Csordas David J. , Bruce Anthony C. , Eggertsen Taylor G. , Tavakol Tara N. , Barker Thomas H. , Bonham Catherine A. , Saucerman Jeffery J. , Taite Lakeshia J. , Peirce Shayn M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInvestigating the molecular, cellular, and tissue-level changes caused by disease, and the effects of pharmacological treatments across these biological scales, necessitates the use of multiscale computational modeling in combination with experimentation. Many diseases dynamically alter the tissue microenvironment in ways that trigger microvascular network remodeling, which leads to the expansion or regression of microvessel networks. When microvessels undergo remodeling in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), functional gas exchange is impaired due to loss of alveolar structures and lung function declines. Here, we integrated a multiscale computational model with independent experiments to investigate how combinations of biomechanical and biochemical cues in IPF alter cell fate decisions leading to microvascular remodeling. Our computational model predicted that extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffening reduced microvessel area, which was accompanied by physical uncoupling of endothelial cell (ECs) and pericytes, the cells that comprise microvessels. Nintedanib, an FDA-approved drug for treating IPF, was predicted to further potentiate microvessel regression by decreasing the percentage of quiescent pericytes while increasing the percentage of pericytes undergoing pericyte-myofibroblast transition (PMT) in high ECM stiffnesses. Importantly, the model suggested that YAP/TAZ inhibition may overcome the deleterious effects of nintedanib by promoting EC-pericyte coupling and maintaining microvessel homeostasis. Overall, our combination of computational and experimental modeling can explain how cell decisions affect tissue changes during disease and in response to treatments.
Conformal prediction of molecule-induced cancer cell growth inhibition challenged by strong distribution shifts
Authors: Hernandez-Hernandez Saiveth , Guo Qianrong , Ballester Pedro J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe drug discovery process often employs phenotypic and target-based virtual screening to identify potential drug candidates. Despite the longstanding dominance of target-based approaches, phenotypic virtual screening is undergoing a resurgence due to its potential being now better understood. In the context of cancer cell lines, a well-established experimental system for phenotypic screens, molecules are tested to identify their whole-cell activity, as summarized by their half-maximal inhibitory concentrations. Machine learning has emerged as a potent tool for computationally guiding such screens, yet important research gaps persist. Consequently, this study focuses on the application of Conformal Prediction (CP) to predict the activities of novel molecules on specific cancer cell lines. Two CP models were constructed and evaluated on each cell line, resulting in a total of 120 performance evaluations (60 cell lines x 2 CP models) per training-test partition. From this comprehensive evaluation, we concluded that, regardless of the cell line or model, novel molecules with smaller CP-calculated confidence intervals tend to have smaller predicted errors once measured activities are revealed. It was also possible to anticipate the activities of dissimilar test molecules across 50 or more cell lines. These outcomes demonstrate the robust efficacy that CP models can achieve in realistic and challenging scenarios, thereby providing valuable insights for enhancing decision-making processes in drug discovery.
Optimized CART Cell Therapy for Metastatic Aggressive Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Gleba Justyna J. , Siegler Elizabeth L. , Manriquez-Roman Claudia , Huynh Truc N. , Mai Long K. , Miller James L. , Miller Erin E. , Pawlush Matthew L. , Demirer Aylin Alasonyalilar , Kimball Brooke L. , Tapper Erin E. , Sakemura R. Leo , Stewart Carli M. , Can Ismail , Sirpilla Olivia L. , Feigin Jennifer M. , Yun Kun , Gutierrez Ruiz Omar L. , Xia Hong , Torghabeh Mehrdad Hefazi , Schick Kendall J. , Ogbodo Ekene J. , Olivier Gloria , Qiu Yushi , Tun Han W. , Smallridge Robert C. , Zubair Abba , Copland John A. , Kenderian Saad S. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTMost thyroid cancer deaths are attributed to a subset of poorly differentiated, metastatic tumors. To improve treatment options for these aggressive thyroid cancers, we developed a novel thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR)-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T (CART) cell therapy, which demonstrated antigen-specific activation and antitumor efficacy against TSHR-overexpressing cell linesin vitroandin vivo. However, de- differentiated thyroid cancers downregulate TSHR. We therefore developed a potent treatment strategy by combining our novel TSHR-CART cells with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors, which redifferentiate thyroid tumors and upregulate TSHR expression. In patient-derived anaplastic thyroid cancer xenografts, combination therapy of TSHR-CART cells and MAPK inhibitors led to increased TSHR expression on the tumor tissue and significantly enhanced antitumor efficacy and prolonged survival compared to TSHR- CART monotherapy.STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCEPoor target selection and antigen escape limit CART cell efficacy in solid tumors. We developed TSHR-CART cells to treat differentiated thyroid cancers but observed TSHR downregulation in dedifferentiated thyroid cancers. We found that MAPK inhibitors restored TSHR expression and sensitized these cancers to TSHR- CART cell therapy.
“Multiplexed screen identifies aPseudomonas aeruginosa-specific small molecule targeting the outer membrane protein OprH and its interaction with LPS”
Authors: Poulsen Bradley E. , Warrier Thulasi , Barkho Sulyman , Bagnall Josephine , Romano Keith P. , White Tiantian , Yu Xiao , Kawate Tomohiko , Nguyen Phuong H. , Raines Kyra , Ferrara Kristina , Golas Aaron , Fitzgerald Michael , Boeszoermenyi Andras , Kaushik Virendar , Serrano-Wu Michael , Shoresh Noam , Hung Deborah T. 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYThe surge of antimicrobial resistance threatens efficacy of current antibiotics, particularly againstPseudomonas aeruginosa, a highly resistant gram-negative pathogen. The asymmetric outer membrane (OM) ofP. aeruginosacombined with its array of efflux pumps provide a barrier to xenobiotic accumulation, thus making antibiotic discovery challenging. We adapted PROSPECT1, a target-based, whole-cell screening strategy, to discover small molecule probes that killP. aeruginosamutants depleted for essential proteins localized at the OM. We identified BRD1401, a small molecule that has specific activity against aP. aeruginosamutant depleted for the essential lipoprotein, OprL. Genetic and chemical biological studies identified that BRD1401 acts by targeting the OM β-barrel protein OprH to disrupt its interaction with LPS and increase membrane fluidity. Studies with BRD1401 also revealed an interaction between OprL and OprH, directly linking the OM with peptidoglycan. Thus, a whole-cell, multiplexed screen can identify species-specific chemical probes to reveal novel pathogen biology.