bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New perspectives on the potential of temperate freshwater wetlands as natural climate solutions based on different CO2 equivalent metrics
Authors: Ma Shizhou , Creed Irena , Badiou Pascal 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

There is debate about the use of wetlands as natural climate solutions due to their ability to act as a “double-edge sword” with respect to climate impacts by both sequestering CO2while emitting significant amounts of CH4. We used CO2-equivalent metrics to assess the net flux of greenhouse gases from wetlands on a comparable basis. Three CO2-equivalent metrics were used to describe the relative radiative impact of CO2and CH4—the conventional global warming potential (GWP) that looks at pulse GHG emissions over a fixed timeframe, the sustained-flux GWP (SGWP) that looks the sustained GHG emissions over a fixed timeframe, and GWP* that explicitly accounts for changes in the radiative forcing of CH4over time (initially more potent but then diminishes after a specific period)—against model-derived mean temperature profiles. GWP* most closely estimated the mean temperature profiles associated with net wetland GHG emissions. Using the GWP*, intact wetlands serve as climate solutions. However, restored wetlands only serve as natural climate solutions for mid-century net-zero carbon emission initiatives if effective strategies are implemented to control CH4fluxes.
Effect of Mindfulness Based Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (Mbdbt) Training on It Employees : An Intervention Based Approach
Authors: Tasneem Syeda Arifa , Thomas Kennedy Andrew , Panwar Neeraj 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Mindfulness Based Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (MBDBT) training is a latest advancement in terms of mindfulness based interventions. The MBDBT training focuses on helping the clients learn a set of skills, including - how to observe their experiences, describe the same using verbal labels and be fully present in the moment, as well as in their actions without feeling self-conscious. Hence, the current study is a preliminary investigation to understand the effectiveness of MBDBT training for the identified sample of young employees. A mix-method approach has been used with interview technique followed by time series design for qualitative data. The current empirical research has been conducted on a sample of 10 participants, newly joined employees of Information Technology (IT) companies across Bangalore, within the age range of 25-30 years. For the qualitative part, regular interviews were conducted with the participants through which they were trained on a set of skills for MBDBT, while for the quantitative part, standardized tools pertaining to perceived stress, mindfulness, emotion regulation and general self-confidence were administered. The entire study was 6 weeks long, where the participants were trained on the set of skills for MBDBT training each week, and psychological assessments were done during pre-, mid-, post- and one month follow up sessions for progressive evaluation of MBDBT training. The findings indicate that MBDBT has a significant effect on enhancing mindfulness and cognitive reappraisal and reducing expressive suppression with practice.
Driving mitochondrial fission improves cognitive, but not motor deficits in a mouse model of Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay
Authors: Chen Chunling , Merrill Ronald A. , Jong Chian Ju , Strack Stefan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Autosomal-recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) is caused by loss-of-function mutation in theSACSgene, which encodes sacsin, a putative HSP70-HSP90 co-chaperone. Previous studies withSacsknock-out (KO) mice and patient-derived fibroblasts suggested thatSACSINmutations inhibit the function of the mitochondrial fission enzyme dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). This in turn resulted in mitochondrial hyperfusion and dysfunction. We experimentally tested this hypothesis by genetically manipulating the mitochondrial fission/fusion equilibrium, creating double KO (DKO) mice that also lack positive (PP2A/Bβ2) and negative (PKA/AKAP1) regulators of Drp1. Neither promoting mitochondrial fusion (Bβ2KO) nor fission (Akap1KO) influenced progression of motor symptoms inSacsKO mice. However, our studies identified profound learning and memory deficits in agedSacsKO mice. Moreover, this cognitive impairment was rescued in a gene dose-dependent manner by deletion of the Drp1 inhibitor PKA/Akap1. Our results are inconsistent with mitochondrial dysfunction as a primary pathogenic mechanism in ARSACS. Instead, they imply that promoting mitochondrial fission may be beneficial at later stages of the disease when pathology extends to brain regions subserving learning and memory.
Ocular surface vascular changes after orbital decompression in patients with thyroid ophthalmopathy measured by anterior segment OCT angiography
Authors: Rafizadeh Seyed Mohsen , Heidari Mostafa , Aghajani Amirhosein , Afshar Pedram , Mansourian Sajad , Montazeriani Zahra , Masoumi Ahmad , Rajabi Mohamad Taher 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Thyroid eye disease (TED) is a common ophthalmologic manifestation of thyroid dysfunction. No imaging modality has become popular for the assessment of anterior segment vasculature of patients with TED. We aimed to assess changes in ocular surface circulation after orbital decompression in patients with TED and to explore the modifying factors of its alteration. Ocular surface vascularity features (vessel density (VD), vessel diameter index (VDI), and vessel length density (VLD)) were assessed via anterior segment optical coherence tomography-angiography (AS-OCTA) before and after orbital decompression in addition to ophthalmic examinations. AS-OCTA of the ocular surface vasculature showed that the temporal vasculature measurements decreased significantly 6 weeks after decompression surgery (p value < 0.05), but in the nasal region, the difference did not reach statistical significance. Ocular surface circulation changes after orbital decompression in patients with TED. These changes can significantly affect the control of IOP and ocular surface symptoms. Someone can use AS-OCTA in evaluating the success of the decompression surgery and the need for further treatments.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine Supplementation Alleviates Aortic Dissection by Decreasing Inflammatory Infiltration
Authors: Wang Qian , An Jun , Zhou Wei , Zhang Yujing , Huang Jiang , Liao Geping , Wang Mingzhe , Xia Lingbo , Le Aiping , Zhu Jianbing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Methionine, an indispensable amino acid crucial for dietary balance, intricately governs metabolic pathways. Disruption in its equilibrium has the potential to heighten homocysteine levels in both plasma and tissues, posing a conceivable risk of inducing inflammation and detriment to the integrity of vascular endothelial cells. The intricate interplay between methionine metabolism, with a specific focus on S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM), and the onset of thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) remains enigmatic despite acknowledging the pivotal role of inflammation in this vascular condition. In an established murine model induced by β-aminopropionitrile monofumarate (BAPN), we delved into the repercussions of supplementing with S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) on the progression of TAD. Our observations uncovered a noteworthy improvement in aortic dissection and rupture rates, accompanied by a marked reduction in mortality upon SAM supplementation. Notably, SAM supplementation exhibited a considerable protective effect against BAPN-induced degradation of elastin and the extracellular matrix. Furthermore, SAM supplementation demonstrated a robust inhibitory influence on the infiltration of immune cells, particularly neutrophils and macrophages. It also manifested a notable reduction in the inflammatory polarization of macrophages, evident through diminished accumulation of MHC-IIhigh macrophages and reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL1β and TNFα in macrophages. Simultaneously, SAM supplementation exerted a suppressive effect on the activation of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells within the aorta. This was evidenced by an elevated proportion of CD44- CD62L + naïve T cells and a concurrent decrease in CD44 + CD62L- effector T cells. In summary, our findings strongly suggest that the supplementation of SAM exhibits remarkable efficacy in alleviating BAPN-induced aortic inflammation, consequently impeding the progression of thoracic aortic dissection.
Altered Amino Acid Metabolome in Patients affected by HBV cirrhosis at different stages
Authors: Gao Ying , Luo Yanqun , Liu Jia , Deng Xiaoliang , Chen Junmin , tao wu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To study the amino acid (AA) profile of serum samples from patients with compensated stage (CS) and decompensated stage (DS) of liver cirrhosis (LC). In particular, changes in AAs in different mood classes after categorizing patients with CS versus DS of LC according to mood class.
METHODS: Using targeted metabolomics, serum AA levels were quantified in two populations: patients with CS (n=60) and patients with DS (n=44). We also analyzed serum AAs in 26 patients with CS and 24 patients with DS after classifying them according to mood class.
RESULTS: In terms of AA levels, serum tyrosine, asparagine, dopamine, phenylalanine and methionine-sulfoxide levels were significantly increased in patients with DS compared to those with CS. In addition, asparagine and methionine-sulfoxide levels correlated with Child-Pugh classification in CS and DS patients; phenylalanine and tyrosine levels correlated with HBV-DNA levels. In terms of AA ratios, Fischer 's ratio, BTR, and BCAAs/AAA ratio were significantly increased in DS patients compared with CS patients. In contrast, tyrosine ratios were significantly lower. In addition, tyrosine ratio, Fischer 's ratio, BTR, and BCAAs/AAA levels were correlated with MELD score in both CS and DS patients; BCAAs/AAA ratio and Fischer 's ratio were correlated with mood score grade.
CONCLUSION: The metabolic profiles of certain AAs in serum of patients with CS and DS of LC are different, which may help to detect the transition from CS to DS as early as possible and have implications for patient care and treatment decisions. In addition, the AA ratios varied with mood class, suggesting that mood factors may be influential in the progression of LC.
A Rare Case of Anti-TIF-1γ Antibody Positive Dermatomyositis in Adulthood: Case Report
Authors: Agrawal Upasana , Sondhi Manush , Smith Alexandra Zamora , Nida Syeda Sara , Umer Sarwat , Hayat Samina , Muzaffar Kinza 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Dermatomyositis (DM) is characterized by inflammatory myopathy and distinct skin manifestations. It comprises a diverse clinical spectrum often associated with specific autoantibodies. Notably, the presence of anti-transcriptional intermediary factor 1-gamma (TIF-1γ) antibodies in association with DM is typically seen in older patients and is linked to malignancy in about 15% to 40% of the cases.
Case Presentation
A 24-year-old female with proximal weakness, periorbital edema, heliotrope rash, erosions on oral mucosa, and painful scaly rash on bilateral lower extremities presented after a syncopal episode and fall. Myomarker panel was positive for TIF-1γ antibodies. Imaging and biopsy confirmed findings consistent with inflammatory myopathy. Treatment with steroid pulse therapy and intravenous immunoglobulin led to symptomatic improvement in muscle strength and resolution of the rash. Due to positive TIF-1γ antibody results, the patient underwent evaluation for solid organ malignancy, yielding unremarkable results.
Conclusion
This case highlights a unique case of a young female who was diagnosed with anti-TIF-1γ Ab positive DM, deviating from the typical age pattern associated with this condition. Our goal in presenting this case is to reinforce the importance of recognizing and managing anti-TIF-1γ Ab positive DM, even in atypical demographics. Moreover, the association with malignancy necessitates a comprehensive evaluation to exclude underlying neoplasms, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary management involving different specialists.
Awareness and Attitudes of Adolescents Towards the use of Intrauterine Device In Makhado Local Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa: a qualitative study
Authors: Nyalungu Shonisani Eunice , Mudau Azwinndini Gladys , Lebese Rachel Tsakani 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: There has been a noted increase in facility delivery rate from 15.4% to 16.2% among 10-19 years adolescents’ girls in Vhembe District. Effective contraception such as intrauterine device may reduce unintended pregnancy, the need for the termination of pregnancy, and the delivery rate among adolescents. District Health Barometer recorded a very low uptake of the intrauterine device across the country. The aim of this study was to explore awareness and attitudes of adolescents towards the use of intrauterine device in Makhado Local Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa.
Methods: A qualitative study approach was adopted in this study and an explorative qualitative descriptive design was applied. The study participants included mentally stable adolescent girls aged 12-19 years who were gathered in chill rooms of health centres to be educated by peer educators (Ground breakers) and for sporting activities in Makhado Local Municipality, South Africa. Nonprobability convenient sampling was used to recruit participants. A central question (Can you please share with me what you know about intrauterine devices) was asked by the researcher in a face-to-face individual interview to collect in-depth data. Data was analysed using six-phase guide thematic analysis. Trustworthiness was ensured by observing credibility, dependability, transferability, and conformability. Ethical principles were considered to safeguard the rights and well-being of participants. The project was approved by University of Venda Human and Clinical Trials Research Ethics Committee (FHS/23/PH/08/0408) in July 2023.
Results: The findings of this study unveiled that majority of adolescents were not aware of IUDs and as a result, IUDs were generally not used. The majority of adolescents have been found to be using short-acting contraceptives that include medroxyprogesterone and norethisterone enanthate injection and none was using IUD as a contraceptive during the time of study.
Conclusions: Unintended pregnancies among adolescents are the result of contraception failure which is related to incorrect use and poor adherence to short-acting contraceptives. Teenage pregnancy remains a major problem in South Africa. Helping adolescents to change their attitudes towards the use of intrauterine devices is important to enable them increase its uptake and hence reaping its benefits.
Theoretical prediction of the structural, electronic, thermodynamic and thermoelectric properties of Heusler alloys CrCoLaZ(Z=Ga, Si): New Candidate for Spintronics
Authors: HOCINE kamel , GUERMIT Youcef 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

An ab-initio calculation was performed using the linearized augmented plane wave method (FP-LAPW), within the framework of density functional theory (DFT), with the generalized gradient approximation GGA to calculate the structural, electronic, magnetic, thermodynamic and and thermoelectric properties of quaternary Heusler CrCoLaZ alloys (Z = Ga, Si) which are of technological interest in the field of spintronics research. Calculations show that CrCoLaZ (Z = Ga, Si) compounds having characteristics of ferromagnetic half-metal with a gap of 0.6 eV. Using the quasi-harmonic Debye model, the variations of lattice parameter, thermal expansion coefficient, heat capacities and Debye temperature with pressures covering the 0–20 GPa interval and temperatures ranging from 0 to 1200 K were also investigated and in-depth discussed. The results of our simulation have been interpreted and compared to the theoretical results available. Furthermore, BoltzTrap package is used to compute thermoelectric parameters sush as density of states, Seebeck coefficient S, electrical conductivity (σ/τ), electronic thermal conductivity (κ/τ) and the figure of merit (ZT). These parameters are computed at three different temperature ranges 300, 500 and 800 K to explore the potential of these compounds for high-performance technological applications.
A multi-warehouse multi-period order picking system: A benders decomposition approach
Authors: Nikkhoo Fatemeh , Kashan Ali Husseinzadeh , Nikbakhsh Ehsan , Ostadi Bakhtiar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In warehouse management order picking is one of the key operations that incur high costs as well as one of the most complex tasks. It comprises the construction of order batches, batch assignment, picker routes, and scheduling of pickers. Therefore, the development of an efficient order picking system and the optimization of these operations have significant effects on the overall efficiency of the warehouse. This paper focuses on studying and modeling the order batching, batch assignment, and picker routing problems in a multi-warehouse, multi-period, multi-picker order picking system. We propose a multi-objective mathematical model for minimizing the delivery times of batches and the total cost of order picking operations. Also, for the first time, a possibilistic approach is applied to overcome uncertain conditions in the order picking problem. Given the complexity of the problem, Benders' decomposition is implemented to solve the proposed model. The applicability of the proposed method is evaluated through a range of small to large test problems and an actual case study. The results indicate that the proposed exact method is capable of finding high-quality solutions within a reasonable computational time and number of iterations, which serves as evidence of its suitability for large-scale, complex real-world industrial contexts.
Adipose stromal cells increase insulin sensitivity and decrease liver gluconeogenesis in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Lai Hsiao-Chi , Lee Yen-Ju , Chen Pei-Hsuan , Tang Chia-Hua , Chen Lee-Wei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of hyperglycemic emergency caused by insulin deficiency through accelerated liver gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. DKA is most common in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Transplantation of islet cells and pancreas is an alternative to insulin injection for treating T1D. However, this alternative is only suitable for some patients. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of adipose stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells on liver gluconeogenesis and insulin sensitivity in an insulin-dependent T1D animal model.
Methods: SVF cells were obtained from wild-type inguinal adipose tissue and transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of type I diabetic Akita (Ins2Akita) mice.
Results: We found that transplantation of 5 × 106 SVF cells from wild-type adipose tissue significantly downregulated proinflammatory genes of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-33, iNOS, and DPP4 in the liver and upregulated anti-inflammatory factors IL-10 and FOXP3 in blood serum and liver tissue 7 days after injection. Moreover, we found that the expression levels of G6pc and Pck1 were significantly decreased in the Akita mice livers. Furthermore, the intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test assay showed that diabetic Akita mice significantly had increased insulin sensitivity, reduced fasting blood glucose, and restored glucose-responsive C-peptide expression compared with the control Akita group. This result was noted 14 days after administration of 5 × 106 or 1 × 107 SVF cells from wild-type adipose tissue into diabetic Akita mice.
Conclusions: Together, these findings suggest that adipose tissue-derived SVF cells could suppress liver inflammation, regulate liver gluconeogenesis, and improve insulin sensitivity in an animal model with T1D. Therefore, adipose SVF cells may be novel cellular therapeutic alternatives to maintain steady liver gluconeogenesis in T1D.
Characterization of ceratocystis wilt on eucalyptus and its causal in Southern Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Benso Lucas Antonio , Pieroni Lisandro de P. , Taborda Yerly D. M. , Angelis Carolina D. , Silva Luís T. P. , Rossini Bruno C. , Marino Celso L. , Furtado Edson L. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Fungi of the Ceratocystis fimbriata complex are important pathogens in woody species, being associated with symptoms of wilt, trunk lesions and death of infected plants. In eucalyptus plantations, these pathogens can reduce the productivity of affected plants, in addition to causing high mortality in the first years of planting. The objective of this work was to evaluate the symptoms and characterize isolates of Ceratocystis associated with eucalyptus plantations in southern Bahia, Brazil. In this study we observed that external symptoms manifested mainly in trees with up to 36 months of planting, however asymptomatic diseased trees were found until the end of the cycle (7 years). Symptoms of wilt, wood discoloration, formation of adventitious shoots and bark lesions, drying of branches and death have been observed in diseased trees. The discoloration of the wood began in the root system, which is probably the point of penetration of the causal agent. The isolates obtained from these trees were identified as belonging to the species Ceratocystis manginecans, presenting optimum growth temperatures ranging from 23.9 to 24.9oC. Eucalyptus clones inoculated with these pathogens showed different levels of resistance. Clones resistant to a certain isolate may be susceptible when infected by another. This variation in aggressiveness among Ceratocystis isolates makes the selection of resistant clones difficult. The present work improves the understanding of ceratocystis wilt in eucalyptus and its causal agent.