bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abnormal threshold behaviors of photo-pion production off the proton in the GZK region
Authors: He Ping , Ma Bo-Qiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe cosmic-ray spectrum structures help to study the acceleration and propagation mechanism of ultra-high energy cosmic rays, and these structures were predicted to culminate in a cut-off, named the Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuzmin (GZK) cut-off, near $$5\times 10^{19}~\textrm{eV}$$

5
×

10
19

eV

as a result of the inelastic interaction of protons with the $$2.73~\textrm{K}$$

2.73

K

black body radiation. The confirmation of the existence of GZK cut-off was tortuous, leading to activities to explore new physics, such as the cosmic-ray new components, unidentified cosmic-ray origins, unknown propagation mechanism and the modification of fundamental physics concepts like the tiny Lorentz invariance violation (LV). The confirmation of the GZK cut-off provides an opportunity to constrain the LV effect. We use a phenomenological framework to restudy the GZK mechanism under the Planck scale deformation of the proton and pion dispersion relations. Restudying the photon induced pion production of the proton $$\textrm{p}+\gamma \rightarrow \textrm{p}+\pi ^0$$

p
+
γ
→
p
+

π
0

, we predict abnormal threshold behaviors of this reaction under different LV modifications. Therefore we can study the LV effects not only from the conventional GZK cut-off, but also from potentially threshold anomalies of the pion production process. We divide the LV parameter space into three regions, and analyze the constraints from current observations in each region. The current observations have set strict restrictions on a certain LV region. However, for others LV regions, further experimental observations and theoretical researches are still needed, and we also find survival space for some theoretical explorations that permit specific LV effects.
The primeness of noncommutative polynomials on prime rings
Authors: Koşan M. Tamer , Lee Tsiu-Kwen 
Published: April 2024

We study the primeness of noncommutative polynomials on prime rings. Let [Formula: see text] be a prime ring with extended centroid [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] a right ideal of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] a noncommutative polynomial over [Formula: see text], which is not a polynomial identity (PI) for [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]. Then [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text] if and only if one of the following holds: (i) [Formula: see text]; (ii) [Formula: see text] for some idempotent [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] such that either [Formula: see text] is a PI for [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] is central-valued on [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. We then apply the result to higher commutators of right ideals. Some results of the paper are also studied from the view of point of the notion of [Formula: see text]-primeness of rings.
The boomerang uniformity of three classes of permutation polynomials over 𝔽2n
Authors: Liu Qian , Chen Zhixiong , Liu Ximeng 
Published: April 2024

Permutation polynomials with low boomerang uniformity have wide applications in cryptography. In this paper, by utilizing the Weil sums technique and solving some certain equations over [Formula: see text], we determine the boomerang uniformity of these permutation polynomials: (1) [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]; (2) [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]; (3) [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. The results show that the boomerang uniformity of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] can attain [Formula: see text].
Effect of the Crystalline Phase Type on the Thermoluminescent Response of ZrO2 Due to Different Synthesis Methods
Authors: Leon Manuel , Montes Eduardo , Elias Janet A. , Cervantes Jorge L. , Diaz-Torres Luis A. , Sosa Modesto A. , Vallejo M. A. 
Published: April 2024

ZrO2 samples were obtained using three different synthesis methods (Calcination, Co-precipitation and Hydrothermal). The samples were characterized to analyze the effect of the crystalline phase on their thermoluminescent (TL) and photoluminescent (PL) responses. The ZrO2 phase was analyzed by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman. Nanoparticle size distribution was obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For optical analysis, characterizations included absorbance measurements, where samples exhibited modifications in color centers, PL emission and experimental fluorescence lifetime decay ([Formula: see text] measurements. Additionally, their TL response was studied under UV (245[Formula: see text]nm and 385[Formula: see text]nm), and 6[Formula: see text]MV photon energy from LINAC excitation. The obtained results show the improvement of TL and PL properties due to ZrO2 phase while an amorphous ZrO2 synthesized by hydrothermal method is an excellent prospect to be used as TL material and it may be a promising scintillator material at 254[Formula: see text]nm.
The influence of salt tectonics on the distribution of the Triassic Skagerrak Formation in the Ula Field, Norwegian North Sea
Authors: Di Lauro Lorenzo , Hartley Adrian J. , Duncan Jonathan , Rosseland Knutsen Eirik , Howell John , Jolley David 
Published: April 2024

Distribution of the Triassic succession in the North Sea is poorly understood because of structural complexities associated with halokinesis and limited stratigraphic control. This study uses a seismic and well-based dataset to improve understanding of development of the Triassic succession in the Ula Field Area, in the Norwegian North Sea.
Core interpretation revealed a fluvial-dominated depositional environment in the Ula Field Area. Palynological studies allowed dating of cored intervals, revealing Ladinian and Carnian sections, time-equivalent to the Julius and Joanne members of the Skagerrak Formation. Well-log interpretation provided insight into the intra-Triassic stratigraphy of the Ula Field Area. A section considered to be equivalent to and extending from the Smith Bank Formation to the Jonathan Member of the Skagerrak Formation was interpreted and correlated across the area. In the proposed correlation, the Julius Member thins towards the Ula Field Area and is replaced by a time equivalent sandstone unit. The Jonathan Member displays a sandier composition compared to the equivalent section in the UK sector. Seismic facies-based interpretation of Triassic stratigraphy within salt minibasins allowed recognition and mapping of intra-Triassic units and showed that mudstone members thin towards the NE. Interpreted internal geometries within minibasins allowed determination of the timing of halokinesis. Integration of different datasets allowed palaeogeographic reconstructions for the Anisian, early Ladinian, Carnian and Norian to be constructed. To conclude, the distribution of stacked fluvial channel deposits indicates that they occur both within minibasins and across salt highs such that ongoing halokinesis had no topographic expression and that channels were free to migrate across the area.
Load Balanced PIM-Based Graph Processing
Authors: Zhao Xiang , Chen Song , Kang Yi 
Published: April 2024

Graph processing is widely used for many modern applications, such as social networks, recommendation systems, and knowledge graphs. However, processing large-scale graphs on traditional Von Neumann architectures is challenging due to the irregular graph data and memory-bound graph algorithms. Processing-in-memory (PIM) architecture has emerged as a promising approach for accelerating graph processing by enabling computation to be performed directly on memory. Despite having many processing units and high local memory bandwidth, PIM often suffers from insufficient global communication bandwidth and high synchronization overhead due to load imbalance.
This article proposes GraphB, a novel PIM-based graph processing system, to address all these issues. From the algorithm perspective, we propose a degree-aware graph partitioning algorithm that can generate balanced partitioning at a low cost. From the architecture perspective, we introduce tile buffers incorporated with an on-chip 2D-Mesh, which provides high bandwidth for inter-node data transfer. Dataflow in GraphB is designed to enable computation–communication overlap and dynamic load balancing. In a PyMTL3-based cycle-accurate simulator with five real-world graphs and three common algorithms, GraphB achieves an average 2.2× and maximum 2.8× speedup compared to the SOTA PIM-based graph processing system GraphQ.
Pragmatic Trial of Messaging to Providers About Treatment of Hyperlipidemia (PROMPT-LIPID): A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Shah Nimish N. , Ghazi Lama , Yamamoto Yu , Kumar Sanchit , Martin Melissa , Simonov Michael , Riello III Ralph J. , Faridi Kamil F. , Ahmad Tariq , Wilson F. Perry , Desai Nihar R. 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) is underutilized for very high-risk atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. PROMPT-LIPID (PRagmatic Trial of Messaging to Providers about Treatment of HyperLIPIDemia) sought to determine whether electronic health record (EHR) alerts improve 90-day LLT intensification in patients with very high-risk atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

METHODS:
PROMPT-LIPID was a pragmatic trial in which cardiovascular and internal medicine clinicians within Yale New Haven Health (New Haven, CT) were cluster-randomized to receive an EHR alert with individualized LLT recommendations or no alert for outpatients with very high-risk atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), ≥70 mg/dL. The primary outcome was 90-day LLT intensification (change to high-intensity statin and addition of ezetimibe or PCSK9i [proprotein subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors]). Secondary outcomes included LDL-C level, proportion of patients with LDL-C of <70 or < 55 mg/dL, rate of major adverse cardiovascular events, ED visit incidence, and 6-month mortality. Results were analyzed using logistic and linear regression clustered at the provider level.

RESULTS:
The no-alert group included 47 clinicians and 1370 patients (median age, 71 years; 50.1% female, median LDL-C, 93 mg/dL); the alert group included 49 clinicians and 1130 patients (median age, 72 years; 47% female, median LDL-C 91, mg/dL). The primary outcome was observed in 14.1% of patients in the alert group as compared with 10.4% in the no-alert group. There were no differences in any secondary outcomes at 6 months. Among 542 patients whose clinicians (n=46) did not dismiss the EHR alert recommendations, LLT intensification was significantly greater (21.2% versus 10.4%, odds ratio, 2.33 [95% CI, 1.48–3.66]).

CONCLUSIONS:
With a real-time, targeted, individualized EHR alert as compared with usual care, the proportion of patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease with LLT intensification was numerically higher but not statistically significant. Among clinicians who did not dismiss the alert, there was a > 2-fold increase in LLT intensification. EHR alerts, coupled with strategies to reduce clinician dismissal, may help address persistent gaps in LDL-C management.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04394715,
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT04394715
Hypertension Severity and Declines in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Among Women Receiving Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer (WF-97415 UPBEAT)
Authors: Garg Riya , D’Agostino Ralph B. , O’Connell Nathaniel , Lesser Glenn J. , Salloum Fadi N. , Hines Anika L. , Meléndez Giselle C. , Jordan Jennifer H. , Ky Bonnie , Wagner Lynne I. , Sutton Arnethea L. , Bottinor Wendy , Olson Kristine C. , Ladd Amy C. , Hundley William Gregory ,   the UPBEAT Study Team
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Hypertension is a risk factor for experiencing left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) declines during receipt of potentially cardiotoxic breast cancer (BC) treatment. We sought to determine whether the hypertension stage is associated with LVEF decline during BC treatment.

METHODS:
Across 24 centers, cardiac magnetic resonance measures of LVEF and brachial arterial blood pressure (BP) measurements were performed in women with stages I to III BC before and 3 months after initiating potentially cardiotoxic chemotherapy. Using multivariable analysis, we assessed in a blinded fashion the association between 3-month ΔLVEF and precancer treatment American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology stages of hypertension.

RESULTS:

Among 204 women, age averaged 56±1 years with 75% being White and 20% of Black race. Participants received anthracycline (45.6%), trastuzumab (22.5%), cyclophosphamide (52.9%), or paclitaxel (50%). After accounting for pretreatment LVEF, diabetes status, tobacco use, age, the number of antihypertensive medications, and body mass index, those with stage II hypertension experienced an LVEF decline of −2.89% ([95% CI, −0.69% to −5.19%];
P
=0.01) relative to individuals with normal BP. Other stages saw nonsignificant declines relative to normal BP to elevated BP (−1.63% [95% CI, −0.62% to 3.88%];
P
=0.16) and stage I hypertension (−0.94% [95% CI, −0.90% to 2.78%];
P
=0.32).

CONCLUSIONS:
Compared with women receiving treatment for BC with normal BP, there is a stronger association of decline in LVEF in women with stage II hypertension relative to women with other hypertension stages. This raises the possibility that stage along with hypertension presence may be associated with an increased risk for the LVEF decline among women receiving potentially cardiotoxic chemotherapy for BC.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02791581 and NCT01719562.
Toddlers Prefer Agents Who Help Those Facing Harder
Tasks
Authors: Woo Brandon M. , Liu Shari , Gweon Hyowon , Spelke Elizabeth S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Capacities to understand and evaluate others’ actions are fundamental to human social life. Infants and toddlers are sensitive to the costs of others’ actions, infer others’ values from the costs of the actions they take, and prefer those who help others to those who hinder them, but it is largely unknown whether and how cost considerations inform early understanding of third-party prosocial actions. In three experiments (N = 94), we asked whether 16-month-old toddlers value agents who selectively help those who need it most. Presented with two agents who attempted two tasks, toddlers preferentially looked to and touched someone who helped the agent in greater need, both when one agent’s task required more effort and when the tasks were the same but one agent was weaker. These results provide evidence that toddlers engage in need-based evaluations of helping, applying their understanding of action utilities to their social evaluations.
On the Role of Loopholes in Polite Communication: Linking
Subjectivity and Pragmatic Inference
Authors: Gotzner Nicole , Scontras Gregory 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Existing proposals on the attenuating uses of indirect, negated expressions (e.g., not happy to mean sad) agree that speakers exploit indirectness for pragmatic purposes but differ on the underlying sources they attribute to these uses. Here, we synthesize existing proposals via adjective subjectivity, which operationalizes the notion of loopholes for plausible deniability. We present experimental evidence that the degree of subjectivity of an adjective predicts the degree to which participants strengthen the negated adjective’s meaning, but only if the adjective under consideration has an evaluatively-positive meaning. This finding indicates that speakers may intentionally use negation to leave themselves the option to retract the implicated face-threatening meaning if openly challenged.
RARE AND ENDANGERED ROVE BEETLES OF UKRAINE: EMUS HIRTUS LINNAEUS, 1758 (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINIDAE)
Authors: GLOTOV SERHII , GERYAK YURII , KAVURKA VITALII , PETRENKO ANDRII , BRUSENTSOVA NATALIIA 
Published: April 2024

In Ukraine, Emus hirtus Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) is protected by the national Red Book. The species is widely distributed in all natural zones of the country but occurs sporadically. Almost everywhere in Ukraine E. hirtus tends to decrease in abundance due to the reduction of pastures, a habitat to which this species is strictly specialized. Here we review all known records of E. hirtus in Ukraine summing up its distribution and bionomics in the country. We reflect on the possible causes of the population decline of this species and provide recommendations for its conservation in Ukraine and throughout its entire distribution range.
Number of Healthy Teeth Can Predict the Response of Rectal Cancer to Chemoradiotherapy: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Nakao Toshihiro , Shimada Mitsuo , Yoshikawa Kozo , Tokunaga Takuya , Nishi Masaaki , Kashihara Hideya , Takasu Chie , Wada Yuma , Yoshimoto Toshiaki 
Published: April 2024

Background It has been reported that the oral and gut microbiomes are associated with the prognosis in patients who undergo surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation for colorectal cancer. This study is the first to identify a correlation between the number of healthy teeth, which is an oral health indicator, and the efficacy of preoperative chemotherapy for rectal cancer. Methods This retrospective single-center study included 30 patients who underwent radical surgery after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) between December 2013 and June 2021. The relationship between number of teeth before CRT and the efficacy of CRT, CRT-related adverse events, postoperative complications, and long-term postoperative outcomes was examined. Results The number of healthy teeth was significantly greater in patients with downstaging of their disease than in those without downstaging ( P = .027) and in patients with a complete response according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors than in those who did not have a complete response ( P = .014). Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they had ≥15 teeth or ≤14 teeth. There was no significant between-group difference in CRT-related adverse events. The incidence of all postoperative complications and grade II postoperative complications tended to be higher in patients with ≥15 teeth ( P = .071 and P = .092, respectively), as did the 5-year overall survival rate ( P = .083) and the 5-year disease-free rate ( P = .007). Discussion The number of healthy teeth predicted the response to preoperative CRT, postoperative complications, and the outcome of subsequent surgery in patients with rectal cancer.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy vs Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography With Sphincterotomy in Elderly Patients With Acute Gallstone Pancreatitis
Authors: Stefanova Irena , Kyle Ewan , Wilson Iain , Tobbal Muhammad , Veeramootoo Darmarajah , De’Ath Henry D. 
Published: April 2024

Background Gallstone pancreatitis (GSP) is common in elderly patients and carries worse outcomes. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is recommended for prevention of recurrent GSP. In frail populations, an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with sphincterotomy (ERCP-s) is an alternative. Management guidelines of GSP in the elderly are lacking. This study aimed to investigate and compare management strategies for GSP in the elderly. Materials and Methods A retrospective comparison of outcome of patients aged ≥65 years with first presentation of GSP treated either with (1) LC only, (2) ERCP-s, (3) ERCP-S followed by LC, or (4) no intervention. Results 216 patients were included. Median age was 76 years (interquartile range 70-83). Most (80%, n = 172) had mild pancreatitis, whilst 12% (n = 26) had severe disease. 24% (n = 55) were treated with ERCP-s; 40% (n = 87) underwent LC alone; 11% (n = 23) had ERCP-s followed by LC; and 25% (n = 55) received no intervention. Patients without intervention were older ( P < .001) and frailer ( P < .001). The LC-only group had lower post-procedure re-admission rates of 6% (n = 5) compared to 27% (n = 14) for ERCP-s, 33% (n = 7) for ERCP-S + LC, and 31% (n = 17) for the no intervention group ( P = .0001). Biliary cause mortality was highest in the no intervention group (n = 11, 20%). Conclusion Laparoscopic cholecystectomy represents the gold standard for elderly patients with GSP.
Association of Interhospital Transfer With Outcomes of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Contemporary Analysis
Authors: Balian Jeffrey , Mallick Saad , Le Nguyen , Porter Giselle , Vadlakonda Amulya , Ali Konmal , Kronen Elsa , Benharash Peyman 
Published: April 2024

Background Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has emerged as a life-sustaining measure for individuals with end-stage cardiopulmonary derangements. An estimated one-third of patients must be transferred to a specialized center to receive this intervention. Therefore, the present study sought to characterize the impact of interhospital transfer (IHT) status on outcomes following ECMO. Methods The 2016-2020 National Inpatient Sample was queried to identify all adult (≥18 years) hospitalizations for ECMO. Patients were stratified based on transfer status from another acute care hospital. Multivariable regression models were developed to assess the association between transfer status and outcomes of interest. Patient and operative factors associated with IHT were identified using regression. Results Of an estimated 61,180 hospitalizations entailing ECMO, 21,410 (35.0%) were transfers. Annual transfer volume doubled over the study period, from 2915 to 5945 (nptrend < .001). The predicted morality risk of non-transfers decreased between 2016 and 2020 but remained similar in transferred patients. Following adjustment, transfer was associated with increased odds of in-hospital mortality, complications, duration of stay, and hospitalization costs. Patients experiencing transfer were less likely to be of black race and private insurance status. Conclusion Despite increasing transfer volume and utilization of ECMO, IHT was associated with significant mortality and hospital complication risks. Further work to reduce adverse outcomes, resource burden, and socioeconomic differences within IHT may improve accessibility to this life-saving modality.