bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UDP-Glucose/P2Y14 Receptor Signaling Exacerbates Neuronal Apoptosis After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats
Authors: Kanamaru Hideki , Zhu Shiyi , Dong Siyuan , Takemoto Yushin , Huang Lei , Sherchan Prativa , Suzuki Hidenori , Tang Jiping , Zhang John H. 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe subtype of stroke with poor outcomes. Abnormal glucose metabolism often occurs after SAH, but the strict control of blood glucose levels is not always beneficial. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of uridine diphosphate glucose (UDP-G), an intermediate of glucose/glycogen metabolism, and its receptor P2Y14 (P2Y purinoceptor 14) to SAH pathology and explored the potential targeted treatments in rats.

METHODS:

A total of 218 Sprague-Dawley male rats were used. SAH was induced by endovascular perforation. Brain expressions of P2Y14, uridine diphosphate glucose (UDP-G), and its converting enzyme UGP2 (UDP-G pyrophosphorylase-2) were evaluated. Exogenous UDP-G or selective P2Y14 inhibitor was administered intranasally at 1 hour after SAH to explore their potential effects. Intranasal
Ugp2 or P2ry14
siRNA was delivered 24 hours before SAH for mechanistic evaluation. Primary neuron culture and hemoglobin stimulation were used as in vitro model of SAH. Post-SAH evaluation included liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry measurement of brain endogenous UDP-G level, neurobehavioral assessments, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, TUNEL staining, and Nissl staining.

RESULTS:

There was an acute elevation of endogenous brain UDP-G and UGP2 after SAH, and P2Y14 was expressed in neurons. Although P2Y14 inhibitor decreased neurological dysfunction, neuronal apoptosis, and proapoptotic molecules, exogenous UDP-G exacerbated these outcomes at 24 hours after SAH. Early inhibition of P2Y14 preserved long-term neuronal survival in the hippocampus, amygdala, and cortex with improved neurocognition and depressive-like behavior. In addition, in vivo knockdown of
Ugp2
- and
P2ry14
-reduced neurological deficits and proapoptotic molecules at 24 hours after SAH, and furthermore in vitro knockdown of
P2ry14
-reduced apoptosis in hemoglobin stimulated primary neuron.

CONCLUSIONS:
These findings suggest a detrimental role of brain UDP-G/P2Y14 signaling in SAH, as a part of glucose metabolic pathology at the tissue level. P2Y14 inhibitor 4-[4-(4-piperidinyl)phenyl]-7-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid hydrochloride may serve as a potential therapeutic target in treating patients with SAH.
Operationalizing open and restricted-access data—Formulating verifiable criteria for the openness of data sets mentioned in biomedical research articles
Authors: Bobrov Evgeny , Riedel Nico , Kip Miriam 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Increasing the availability of research data sets is a goal of many stakeholders in science, and monitoring related practices requires definitions of the entity in question. There are several, largely overlapping, definitions for open data. However, they have so far not been translated into operationalizations that would allow us to detect, in a structured and reproducible way, whether, for a specific research article, the underlying data have been shared. Here, we propose a detailed set of criteria to enable such assessments, focusing on biomedical research. We have used these criteria to distribute performance-oriented funding at a large university hospital and to monitor data sharing practices in a dashboard. In addition to fully open data, we include separate criteria for data sets with restricted access, which we also reward. The criteria are partly inspired by the FAIR principles, particularly findability and accessibility, but do not map onto individual principles. The criteria attribute open data status in a binary fashion, both to individual data sets and, ultimately, articles with which they were shared. The criteria allow a verifiable assessment, based on automated and manual screening steps, which we have implemented and validated, as described elsewhere. Here, we focus conceptually on assessing the presence of shared data.
The Use of Weather, Water, Ice, and Climate (WWIC) Information in the Polar Regions: What Is Known after the Decadelong Polar Prediction Project?
Authors: Heinrich Victoria J. , Stewart Emma J. , Liggett Daniela , Carrasco Jorge F. , Dawson Jackie , Lamers Machiel , Ljubicic Gita J. , Jeuring Jelmer , Thoman Rick 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The polar regions are facing a wide range of compounding challenges, from climate change to increased human activity. Infrastructure, rescue services, and disaster response capabilities are limited in these remote environments. Relevant and usable weather, water, ice, and climate (WWIC) information is vital for safety, activity success, adaptation, and environmental protection. This has been a key focus for the World Meteorological Organization’s (WMO) Polar Prediction Project (PPP), and in particular its “Societal and Economic Research and Applications” (PPP-SERA) Task Team, which together over a decade have sought to understand polar WWIC information use in relation to operational needs, constraints, and decision contexts to inform the development of relevant services. To understand research progress and gaps on WWIC information use during the PPP (2013–23), we undertook a systematic bibliometric review of aligned scholarly peer-reviewed journal articles (n = 43), examining collaborations, topics, methods, and regional differences. Themes to emerge included activity and context, human factors, information needs, situational awareness, experience, local and Indigenous knowledge, and sharing of information. We observed an uneven representation of disciplinary backgrounds, geographic locations, research topics, and sectoral foci. Our review signifies an overall lack of Antarctic WWIC services research and a dominant focus on Arctic sea ice operations and risks. We noted with concern a mismatch between user needs and services provided. Our findings can help to improve WWIC services’ dissemination, communication effectiveness, and actionable knowledge provision for users and guide future research as the critical need for salient weather services across the polar regions remains beyond the PPP.

Significance Statement
Every day, people in the Arctic and Antarctic use weather, water, ice, and climate information to plan and carry out outdoor activities and operations in a safe way. Despite advances in numerical weather prediction, technology, and product development, barriers to accessing and effectively communicating high-quality usable observations, forecasts, and actionable knowledge remain. Poorer services, prediction accuracy, and interpretation are exacerbated by a lack of integrated social science research on relevant topics and a mismatch between the services provided and user needs. As a result, continued user engagement, research focusing on information use, risk communication, decision-making processes, and the application of science for services remain highly relevant to reducing risks and improving safety for people living, visiting, and working in the polar regions.
Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolism and Eventual Amputation in Traumatic Femoral and Iliac Vein Injuries: A Trauma Quality Improvement Program Analysis
Authors: Falcon Allison K. , Caballero Ladd M. , Filiberto Dina M. , Lenart Emily K. , Easterday Thomas S. , Bhatt Maunil N. , Mitchell Erica L. , Byerly Saskya 
Published: March 2024

Background Iliac and femoral venous injuries represent a challenging dilemma in trauma surgery with mixed results. Venous restoration of outflow (via repair or bypass) has been previously identified as having higher rates of VTE (venous thromboembolism) compared to ligation. We hypothesized that rates of VTE and eventual amputation were similar whether restoration of venous outflow vs ligation was performed at initial operation. Methods Patients in the 2019-2021 National Trauma Data Bank with iliac and femoral vein injuries were abstracted and analyzed. The primary outcomes of interest were in-hospital lower extremity amputation and VTE. Results A total of 2642 patients with operatively managed iliac and femoral vein injuries were identified VTE was found in 10.8% of patients. Multivariable logistic regression was performed and identified bowel injury, higher ISS, older age, open repair, and longer time to VTE prophylaxis initiation as independent predictors of VTE. Amputation was required in 4.2% of patients. Multivariable logistic regression identified arterial or nerve injury, femur or tibia fracture, venous ligation, percutaneous intervention, fasciotomy, bowel injury, and higher ISS as independent factors of amputation. Conclusion Venous restoration was not an independent predictor of VTE. Venous ligation on index operation was the only modifiable independent predictor of amputation identified on regression analysis.
Managing suspected myasthenia gravis and myositis induced by pembrolizumab in a Jehovah's Witness sarcoma patient
Authors: Hutchinson Alexander , Eskens Danielle , Chan Abigail , Bhargava Anika , Bycroft Ryan 
Published: March 2024

Introduction Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can cause a spectrum of adverse events known as immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that resemble autoimmune responses. Immune-mediated myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare and serious neurologic adverse event that has been associated with ICIs requiring prompt treatment. In the Jehovah's Witness population, typical management of these adverse events may not be options, and alternative treatment choices would be needed. Case report 73-year-old Jehovah's Witness patient with high-grade undifferentiated pleiomorphic sarcoma who developed immune-mediated MG approximately 4 weeks after initiation of pembrolizumab. On the day of admission, the patient presented with a three-day history of worsening ptosis, right greater than left. He was later found to be seronegative for MG. Management and outcome The patient required therapy with pyridostigmine, steroids, and agreed to plasma exchange (PLEX) prior to discharge. He achieved near resolution of his neurologic symptoms, and pembrolizumab was discontinued. He later underwent radical resection of the left thigh soft tissue sarcoma and superficial inguinal lymph node dissection. He is now on active surveillance. Discussion While neurologic adverse events typically present 6 weeks after initiation of ICIs, MG has been reported occurring as early as 4 weeks after initiation. This rare and serious adverse event requires prompt treatment, and clinicians need to be aware of the alternative treatment options in this unique patient population. Early conversations regarding blood products and factions must be had to develop a treatment plan in accordance with the patient's personal decisions.
Structural MRI measures are associated with fatigue severity and persistence in a large, real-world cohort of people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Simpson Alexandra C , Hu Chen , Mowry Ellen M , Naismith Robert T , Fitzgerald Kathryn C , Nourbakhsh Bardia 
Published: March 2024

Background: Results of research on radiological hallmarks of multiple sclerosis (MS) fatigue have been conflicting. Objective: To investigate the associations of lesion and brain compartment volumes with fatigue severity and persistence in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Methods: The Multiple Sclerosis Partners Advancing Technology and Health Solutions (MS PATHS) network collects standardized data during routine care of PwMS from 10 healthcare institutions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) predictors included baseline brain parenchymal (BPF) and gray matter fractions (GMF) and T2 lesion volume (T2LV). The Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders (Neuro-QOL) fatigue subscore was analyzed linearly and categorically using T-score cutpoints, with a period of elevated symptoms defined as T-score ⩾ mean + 0.5 SD over follow-up. Results: At baseline, of 4012 participants (average age: 45.6 ± 11.8 years; 73% female; 31% progressive MS), 2058 (51%) had no fatigue, 629 (16%) had mild fatigue, and 1325 (33%) had moderate-to-severe fatigue. One SD greater baseline BPF and GMF were associated with 0.83 ( p < 0.001) and 0.38 ( p = 0.02) lower values in the baseline Neuro-QOL fatigue T-score. A 1 SD lower log of total T2LV was associated with a 0.49 ( p < 0.001) lower baseline fatigue T-score. Higher BPF and lower T2LV at baseline were associated with lower odds of subsequent periods of elevated fatigue. Conclusion: Baseline lesion burden and lower generalized whole-brain volumes were associated with MS fatigue in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses in a large, real-world cohort of PwMS.
(Un)grounded language ideologies: A brief history of translanguaging theory
Authors: MacSwan Jeff , Rolstad Kellie 
Published: March 2024

Aims: The authors develop a contrast between grounded and ungrounded language ideologies, defining grounded ideologies as those which are anchored empirically and ungrounded ideologies as those which are not. This framework guides a description of the history of translanguaging theory from early translanguaging theory, grounded in empirical research on codeswitching and other scholarship on bilingualism, to late translanguaging theory, which changed under the influence of a postmodernist approach to language policy known as deconstructivism. The authors further discuss charges of “abyssal thinking” attributed to those who do not accept deconstructivism. Approach: The approach is argumentative. Data and Analysis: The authors draw on a wide range of previously published empirical work to support their conclusions. Conclusions: The authors conclude that late translanguaging theory is at odds with empirical research and holds negative consequences for pluralist language ideologies and civil rights advocacy. Originality: The article makes original contributions to language ideology, the history of translanguaging theory, and the relationship between language theory and language ideology. Significance: The article makes a significant critical contribution to the literature on multilingual language theory by drawing attention to significant limitations of translanguaging theory as a resource for language ideology.
Application of the participatory design in the testing of a baropodometric insole prototype for weight-bearing asymmetry after a stroke: A qualitative study
Authors: Galvão Wagner Rodrigues , Castro Silva Luana Karoline , Viana Ramon Távora , Oliveira Pedro Henrique Avelino , Jucá Renata Viana Brígido de Moura , Martins Henrique Resende , Rabelo Michelle , Fachin-Martins Emerson , Lima Lidiane Andréa Oliveira 
Published: March 2024

Introduction Currently studies indicate the need to incorporate the user`s perspective in the testing of new assistive technologies. The objective of this paper is to test a baropodometric insole prototype for monitoring and treatment weight-bearing asymmetry, according to the Participatory Design. Methods We used a qualitative case study approach during the testing phase of the baropodometric insole prototype. The focus group approach addressed topics related to the experience and accessibility of the potential user in conjunction with professionals, researchers, and physiotherapy students. Facilitators, barriers, and requirements for the device were collected through audio recordings of the discussions during and after prototype testing. Results Key steps in the prototype testing process were divided into (1) Test of the prototype according to the Participatory Design, divided into Who, When, How, and Why the potential user was involved in the study; and (2) Facilitators, barriers and requirements to improve the prototype. Conclusions The baropodometric insole prototype can be seen as a promising device for monitoring and treating weight-bearing asymmetry.
Disparities in heart failure between White, Black, and Hispanic young adults: insights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: M. Talha Khawaja , Almas Talal , Minhas Abdul Mannan Khan , Salah Husam , Jamil Adeena , Johnson Heather M. , Jain Vardhmaan , Antoine Steve , S. Khan Sadiya , Khan Muhammad Shahzeb 
Published: March 2024

Background: The prevalence of heart failure (HF) is increasing among young adults in the United States with pervasive racial and ethnic differences in this population. Objective: To evaluate contemporary associations between race and ethnicity, clinical comorbidities, and outcomes among young to middle-aged adults with HF. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. All participants with a self-report of HF aged 20–64 years from 2005 to 2018 were included and stratified by race and ethnicity [non-Hispanic (NH) Whites, NH Blacks, and Hispanics]. Data on baseline characteristics including age, sex, marital status, citizenship, education level, body mass index, insurance, waist circumference, cigarette smoking, marijuana use, and relevant clinical comorbidities were included. Weighted logistic regression was performed to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) to determine the association of race and ethnicity with HF. Cox proportional-hazards models were used to assess the association of race and ethnicity with all-cause and cardiac mortality. Results: A total of 1,940,447 young to middle-aged adults had self-reported HF between 2005 and 2018, of whom 61% were NH White, 40% were NH Black, and 22% were Hispanic. When compared with NH White adults, NH Black adults had higher odds of HF adjusted for age, sex, insurance status, marital status, education level, citizenship status, and clinical comorbidities (adjusted aOR 2.63, 95% CI: 1.71–4.05, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the odds of HF between Hispanic and NH White adults (aOR 1.18, 95% CI: 0.64–2.18, p = 0.585). NH Black adults had higher mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and a comparable or lower burden of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular clinical comorbidities compared with NH White and Hispanic adults. No statistical significance was noted by race and ethnicity for all-cause and cardiac mortality during a follow-up of 5 years. Conclusion: NH Black young to middle-aged adults were more likely to have HF which may be related to higher blood pressure given the largely similar burden of clinically relevant comorbidities compared with other racial and ethnic groups.
Retrospective subgroup analysis of fecal microbiota, live-jslm (REBYOTA®) administered by colonoscopy under enforcement discretion for the prevention of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection
Authors: Knapple Whitfield L. , Yoho David S. , Sheh Alexander , Thul Joan , Feuerstadt Paul 
Published: March 2024

Background: Fecal microbiota, live-jslm (RBL; REBYOTA®), is the first Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved, single-dose, rectally administered, microbiota-based live biotherapeutic product for preventing Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) recurrence. Alternative routes of administration are of clinical interest. Objectives: Evaluate the safety and efficacy of RBL administration via colonoscopy. Design: Retrospective analysis of electronic medical records of participants administered RBL via colonoscopy under FDA enforcement discretion. Methods: The number of participants with treatment and/or procedure-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) was evaluated. Treatment success and sustained clinical response, defined as the absence of CDI recurrence within 8 weeks and 6 months, respectively, were evaluated. Results: TEAEs were experienced by 75% (6/8) of participants; most were mild to moderate in severity, and none due to RBL or its administration. Most participants had treatment success (80%; 8/10); 75% (6/8) had sustained clinical response. Conclusion: Real-world safety and efficacy of RBL administered via colonoscopy were consistent with clinical trials of rectally administered RBL. Graphical abstract [Formula: see text]
Intra-Articular Injection of Interleukin-8 Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody Effectively Attenuates Osteoarthritis Progression in Rabbits
Authors: Yang Junjun , Wang Xin , Zhang Yingbo , He Rui , Fu Zhenlan , Wang Rong , Ma Yanming , Fu Dejie , Meng Shuo , Cai Wang , Zhou Yizhao , Chen Cheng , Chen Guangxing , Gong Xiaoyuan 
Published: March 2024

Objective Cytokines are implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), and this study aims to assess the therapeutic potential of an IL-8 neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) for OA intervention. Design The study employed a rabbit model of OA induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) surgery to investigate the effects of an interleukin (IL)-8 neutralizing mAb, with hyaluronic acid (HA) used as a positive control. Primary outcomes assessed in the rabbits included cartilage repair, synovitis, joint effusion, changes in footprints, and lower limb loading conditions. Results Compared to HA, intra-articular injection of the IL-8 neutralizing mAb demonstrated a more pronounced attenuation of OA progression and enhancement of cartilage repair. We observed a reduction in synovitis and joint effusion, indications of bone marrow edema, as well as improvements in lower limb function. In knees treated with the neutralizing IL-8 mAb, there was a significant decrease in IL-8 levels within the synovial tissues. Conclusions The IL-8 neutralizing mAb exhibits promising therapeutic potential in the management of OA by attenuating inflammation and facilitating cartilage repair. However, further investigations are warranted to comprehensively elucidate the underlying mechanisms, optimize treatment protocols, and ensure the long-term safety and efficacy of this innovative therapeutic approach.
Intracranial findings in spontaneous intracranial hypotension: Does the severity of abnormalities correspond with certainty and/or multifocality of cerebrospinal fluid leaks?
Authors: Benson John C , Mark Ian T , Madhavan Ajay A , Johnson-Tesch Benjamin , Diehn Felix E , Carr Carrie M , Kim Dong Kun , Brinjikji Waleed , Verdoorn Jared T 
Published: March 2024

Background and Purpose Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is caused by spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks. This study assessed whether the certainty and/or multifocality of CSF leaks is associated with the severity of intracranial sequelae of SIH. Materials and Methods A retrospective review was completed of patients with suspected SIH that underwent digital subtraction myelogram (DSM) preceded by brain MRI. DSMs were evaluated for the presence or absence of a CSF leak, categorized both as positive/negative/indeterminate and single versus multifocal. Brain MRIs were assessed for intracranial sequelae of SIH based on two probabilistic scoring systems (Dobrocky and Mayo methods). For each system, both an absolute “numerical” score (based on tabulation of findings) and “categorized” score (classification of probability) were tabulated. Results 174 patients were included; 113 (64.9%) were female, average age 52.0 ± 14.3 years. One or more definite leaks were noted in 76 (43.7%) patients; an indeterminate leak was noted in 22 (12.6%) patients. 16 (16.3%) had multiple leaks. There was no significant difference in the severity of intracranial findings between patients with a single versus multiple leaks ( p values ranged from .36 to .70 using categorized scores and 0.22–0.99 for numerical scores). Definite leaks were more likely to have both higher categorized intracranial scores (Mayo p = .0008, Dobrocky p = .006) and numerical scores ( p = .0002 for Mayo and p = .006 for Dobrocky). Conclusions Certainty of a CSF leak on diagnostic imaging is associated with severity of intracranial sequelae of SIH, with definite leaks having significantly more intracranial findings than indeterminate leaks. Multifocal leaks do not cause greater intracranial abnormalities.