bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Professionals Commitment and its Associated Factors in Public Health Facilities of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024 Multi Center Mixed Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Godie Yohannes , Gebretsadkan Laeke , Shewangizaw Zewdu , Assefa Teklu , Birhanu Dires , Kassaye Fikirte , Guadie Yitayal , Abatneh Eyasu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Health professional commitment is an important factor in employee performance. It has a positive impact on an organization’s ability to provide professional services. Health professionals must have a committed health workforce if they are to achieve their goals effectively and efficiently, or even to survive. This study will close a research gap by examining the critical factors influencing the commitment of health professionals as well as the severity of these problems in public health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
OBJECTIVE: To assess health professional’s commitment and its associated factors at public health facility in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024.
METHODS: A mixed facility-based, cross-sectional study design was conducted. A total of 535 health professionals were selected by simple random sampling. Data was collected by five data collectors and two supervisors using a pretested questionnaire. Pretests should be done at Nifassilk Woreda 02 HC, Nifas Silk Woreda 12, and Tirunesh Beijing Hospital. Data were collected through an in-depth interview (n = 18). Data was checked for completeness, cleaned, and entered into Epi-Data version 4.2, then exported into SPSS version 26 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used, and variables with a P value less than p ≤0.25 were included in multivariable logistic regression. The adjusted odd ratio along with the 95% CI was calculated to see the strength of the association, and P<0.05 was taken as the level of statistical significance.
RESULTS: A total of 535 respondents were involved, with a response rate of 530 (99.1%). The magnitude of health professionals’ commitment was 70.8% (95% CI: 66.9, 75.0). Being female (AOR: 4.99, CI: 3.01-8.31, P=0.000), BSc degree holders (AOR: 3.55, CI: 1.47-8.58, P=0.005), health professionals working in health centers (AOR: 2.02, CI: 1.15-3.57, P=0.015), professional training (AOR: 2.84, CI: 1.39-5.79, P=0.004), and good working environments (AOR: 1.72, CI: 1.11-2.66, P=0.016) were factors associated with health professionals’ commitment.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: health professional’s commitment is crucial for ensuring quality patient care and maintaining the integrity of the healthcare system. Provide comprehensive training and continuing education opportunities for health professionals to keep them updated with the latest medical knowledge, skills, and best practices.
Vitamin D nutritional status and dietary calcium intake of children and adolescents in Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Zou Yan , Huang Li-chun , Zhao Dong , He Meng-jie , Han Dan , Su Danting , Xu Peiwei , Zhang Ronghua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-(OH)D) serum levels, and a nutritional calcium deficit are widely encountered in China. However, few studies have determined the the calcium dietary intake and the corresponding food sources, and few studies have investigated investigated the influencing factors of serum 25-(OH)D.
Objective
This study was conducted to explore the vitamin D and calcium nutritional status among children and adolescents.
Methods
This study included children and adolescents aged 6–17 years who participated in provincial nutrition surveillance, which was including 90 counties (cities and districts) in Zhejiang Province with provincial representative. Food consumption was assessed using three consecutive days of 24-h dietary recall, and nutrient intake were calculated using dietary recall in conjunction with the China Food Composition Table. Blood sample were collected to detect the concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
Results
The analysis included a total of 1827 children and adolescents. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in 6–8, 9–11, 12–14 and 15–17 age groups were 2.3%, 4.75%, 8.33% and 16.98% respectively. The prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy in 6–8, 9–11, 12–14 and 15–17 age groups were 24.33%, 34.50%, 45.5% and 43.24% respectively. The medians of dietary calcium intake in 6–8, 9–11, 12–14 and 15–17 age groups were 336.5, 359.4, 323.4 and 320.47 milligrams per day (mg/d), respectively. The main food sources of dietary calcium were dairy and vegetables. The Spearman's rho of dietary calcium and dairy in 6–8, 9–11, 12–14 and 15–17 age groups were 0.627, 0.660, 0.637, and 0.479, respectively(P < 0.001) and the Spearman's rho of dietary calcium and vegetables in 6–8, 9–11, 12–14 and 15–17 age groups were 0.424, 0.410, 0.447, and 0.440, respectively(P < 0.001). The concentration of serum 25-(OH)D were correlated with sleep time of study days in 6–8 and 9–11 age groups (Spearman’s rho = 0.09, 0.095, p < 0.05). The dietary calcium intake of children and adolescents of 15–17 age groups were positively related to outdoor activities (Spearman’s rho = 0.207, p < 0.05). Dairy intake were negatively related to the sleep time of rest days and outdoor activity time among children and adolescents of 9–11 age group (Spearman’s rho=-0.219, -0.199, p < 0.05).
Conclusions
There was a high prevalence of inadequacy and deficiency of vitamin D in children and adolescents and their dietary calcium intake were severely insufficient. Dairy are the most effective food sources for improving dietary calcium intake. Nutrition education to increase dairy products intake should be conducted and more opportunities should be provided children and adolescents to receive sunlight exposure to improve the vitamin D nutritional status.
Brain Drain Optimization (BRADO) Algorithm to Solve Multi-Objective Expert Team Formation Problem in Social Networks
Authors: Basiri Alireza , Masehian Ellips , Taghiyareh Fattaneh , Hosseini Peyman 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Team performance and the composition of the members determine the success of a project. The multi-objective expert team formation problem seeks to identify a collaborative and affordable team of experts such that the hiring costs are minimized and mutual communication is maximized given a network of experts and an essential set of skills. A new swarm-based metaheuristic, called BRADO, has been utilized to address this NP-hard problem. The BRADO algorithm emulates the emigration phenomenon of intellectual elites of society. This problem has been solved by considering two different approaches, the Sigma, and the Multiplication methods, for integrating the affordability and collaboration objective functions. The problem has been solved for projects of varying scales by the proposed BRADO, Multi-objective PSO, NSGA-II, and Multi-objective ICA. Our experiments show that BRADO provides more efficient solutions to the multi-objective expert team formation problem than the other algorithms, especially for projects with more required skills.
Taming Toxic Talk: Detecting Offensive Online Content in Hausa
Authors: Adam Fatima Muhammad , Zandam Abubakar Yakubu , Inuwa-Dutse Isa 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Hausa, a major Chadic language spoken by over 100 million people in Africa, faces a challenge in the digital age. While widely used, it is considered a low-resource language from a computational linguistic perspective. This means there are limited resources and tools to analyse Hausa text, making it difficult to detect offensive and threatening language online. Our study aimed to bridge this gap. We conducted two user studies ($n=180$) to understand cyberbullying in Hausa. We then created the first-ever dataset of offensive and threatening Hausa phrases to train detection systems. We developed a system to flag such content and compared it to Google translation's ability to detect these terms. Our findings revealed a concerning trend: offensive and threatening language is prevalent online, especially in discussions about religion and politics. Our detection system was able to detect more than 70\% of offensive and threatening content, although many of these were mistranslated by Google's translation engine. We attribute this to the subtle relationship between offensive and threatening content and idiomatic expressions in the Hausa language. This highlights the importance of considering cultural nuances and idiomatic expressions in Hausa. To create a safer online environment for Hausa speakers, we recommend involving diverse stakeholders who understand local contexts and demographics. This will allow for the development of more accurate detection systems and targeted moderation strategies.
Trigger Warning: Readers may find some of the terms in this study distressing or disturbing; all examples are for illustration only.
Improving Social Media Popularity Prediction with Content-aware Post Dependencies
Authors: Zhang Zhizhen , Xie Xiaohui , Yang Mengyu , Tian Ye , Zhang Lanshan , Jiang Yong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Numerous social media posts exhibit inherent qualities that determine their popularity even before being published. Consequently, comprehending the patterns of post popularity and forecasting them before publication holds significant practical value. Existing work mainly utilizes information from individual posts to make predictions, ignoring the popularity correlation between different posts. By analyzing the dataset, we find that there is an important relationship between the content and popularity of different posts published in a short period. To address this challenge, we introduce Content-aware Post Dependency Networks (CPDN) that utilize information from content-related posts to improve the popularity prediction of target posts. CPDN employs multimodal feature adapters to create task-specific representations for target posts. Utilizing hierarchical category information, it captures nuanced correlations between posts. The model incorporates recurrent networks with gating layers and attention mechanisms to aggregate posts with correlated content for better prediction of target posts. The experimental results on Social Media Popularity Dataset under two different settings demonstrate the superiority of our method over the state-of-the-art methods. We release our code in \href{https://github.com/Daisy-zzz/CPDN.git}{Daisy-zzz/CPDN} for reproducibility.
Assessment of the phenotypic diversity and agronomic performance of a Mediterranean lentil collection under rainfed conditions: towards efficient use in breeding programs for adaptation to Mediterranean-type environment
Authors: Zeroual Abdelmonim , Mitache Mohammed , Baidani Aziz , Abderemane Bacar Abdallah , Benbrahim Nadia , Ouhemi Hanane , Çakır Esra , Hoyos-Villegas Valerio , Gadaleta Agata , Mazzucotelli Elisabetta , Özkan Hakan , Idrissi Omar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The improvement of lentil productivity and resilience to climate change requires the deployment of breeding approaches and sustainable agronomic practices. Germplasm from the Mediterranean region could be an important source of useful traits for lentil breeding programs. Additionally, no-tillage could also contribute to maintaining lentil productivity in drought-prone environments. However, there are few studies on breeding for adaptation to no-tillage in lentil, as this practice can create growing conditions that differ from those under conventional tillage. The objectives of this study were to assess the genetic variability of a lentil collection in different environments, and to evaluate the significance of genotype by tillage system effect on grain yield and other agronomic traits. A Mediterranean lentil collection of 119 accessions was evaluated in Morocco (under no-till and conventional tillage) and in Turkey (during two growing seasons) under rainfed conditions. Moroccan landraces were the earliest to flower compared to landraces from Italy, Turkey, and Greece; however, advanced breeding lines flowered earlier than landraces. Turkish and Greek landraces displayed the highest mean values of plant height and hundred-seed weight, respectively. Advanced lines yielded more than landraces in all trials except in low-yielding environment (Adana in 2022 season) in which higher yield was recorded in Turkish landraces, followed by Moroccan landraces. The accessions identified in different environments could be used as donors in breeding programs. The effect of genotype × tillage interaction on grain yield was not significant, highlighting that the implementation of separate breeding programs for each tillage system may not be efficient.
Habitat associated with ramps/wild leeks (Allium tricoccum Ait.) in Pennsylvania, U.S.A: guidance for forest farming site selection
Authors: Houston Ezra , Burkhart Eric P. , Stark Cassie , Chen Xin , Nilson Sarah 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Ramps or wild leeks (Allium tricoccum) are a popular foraged non-timber forest product consumed for their edible bulbs and leaves. The agroforestry practice of forest farming is a possible solution to conservation challenges surrounding wild exploitation of this species but requires proper site selection to be successful. In this study, Maximum entropy (Maxent) modeling using 162 occurrence points and field data collected at 30 wild populations were combined to determine characteristics of ramp habitat in Pennsylvania. Maxent modeling highlighted lower slope positions as the most important characteristic of suitable habitat. Moist floodplains and north and east facing lower slopes were the most frequent conditions encountered in field plots, confirming model results. Soils were high in calcium and slightly acidic. Forest types included “Central Appalachian Rich Cove,” “Sugar maple-Mixed Hardwood Floodplain,” “Tuliptree-Beech-Maple,” and “Sugar maple-Basswood”. Sites shared 50% of floristic associates on average, with 252 species documented in total. Sugar maple (Acer saccharum) was the most important overstory species, and an indicator on northern aspects. Forest types differed by region, as represented by indicator species: sugar maple and black cherry (Prunus serotina) in northern PA, and tulip-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) and beech (Fagus grandifolia) in the south. Non-native multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora) and Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii) were more common than native shrubs, providing little indicator value due to their broad habitat requirements. Blue cohosh (Caulophyllum thalictroides) and yellow trout lily (Erythronium americanum) were the most common understory associates, serving as potential indicators of moist, base rich sites suitable for planting ramps.
A Comprehensive Mathematical Model and User-Friendly Calculator for Assessing Residential Carbon Footprints
Authors: Garg Deepika , Dhiman Mehak 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Climate change poses a significant threat, driven largely by greenhouse gas emissions, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2). Residential areas are major contributors to these emissions, making it imperative to quantify and mitigate their environmental impact. This paper presents a mathematical model and associated carbon footprint calculator for assessing carbon footprints within residential areas. The calculator incorporates a multifaceted approach, accounting for household energy consumption, food-related emissions, and transportation choices. The model relies on established emission factors to translate various activities into quantifiable CO2 emissions. It aims to provide a comprehensive and user-friendly tool to inform individuals and policymakers about the carbon footprint associated with residential living. By empowering informed decision-making, the model and its accompanying calculator have the potential to promote sustainable practices and guide mitigation strategies within residential communities.
Increasing trends of antibiotic resistance in Uganda: analysis of the national antimicrobial resistance surveillance data, 2018–2021
Authors: Kizito Saudah Namubiru , Migisha Richard , Okello Paul Edward , Simbwa Brenda , Kabami Zainah , Agaba Brian , Zalwango Jane Frances , Naiga Hellen Nelly , Zalwango Marie Gorreti , Wanyana Mercy Wendy , Monje Fred , King Patrick , Kawungezi Peter Chris , Kiggundu Thomas , Ninsiima Mackline , Akunzirwe Rebecca , Namusosa Rita , Mugerwa Ibrahim , Atuhaire Winnie , Achola Caroline , Najjuka Grace , Bulage Lilian , Kwesiga Benon , Kadobera Daniel , Ario Alex Riolexus , Nabadda Susan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: Continuous monitoring of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Uganda involves testing bacterial isolates from clinical samples at national and regional hospitals. Although the National Microbiology Reference Laboratory (NMRL) analyzes these isolates for official AMR surveillance data, there's limited integration into public health planning. To enhance the utilization of NMRL data to better inform drug selection and public health strategies in combating antibiotic resistance, we evaluated the trends and spatial distribution of AMR to common antibiotics used in Uganda.
Methods: We analyzed data from pathogenic bacterial isolates from blood, cerebrospinal, peritoneal, and pleural fluid from AMR surveillance data for 2018–2021. We calculated the proportions of isolates that were resistant to common antimicrobial classes. We used the chi-square test for trends to evaluate changes in AMR resistance over the study period.
Results: Out of 537 isolates with 15 pathogenic bacteria, 478 (89%) were from blood, 34 (6.3%) were from pleural fluid, 21 (4%) were from cerebrospinal fluid, and 4 (0.7%) were from peritoneal fluid. The most common pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus (20.1%), followed by Salmonella species (18.8%). The overall change in resistance over the four years was 63–84% for sulfonamides, fluoroquinolones macrolides (46–76%), phenicols (48–71%), penicillins (42–97%), β-lactamase inhibitors (20–92%), aminoglycosides (17–53%), cephalosporins (8.3–90%), carbapenems (5.3–26%), and glycopeptides (0–20%). Annual resistance rates to ciprofloxacin increased from 2018-2021 for gram-positive organisms (26–45% p=0.02). Among gram-negative organisms, there were increases in resistance to tetracycline (29-78% p<0.001), ciprofloxacin (17-43%, p=0.004), ceftriaxone (8–72%, p=0.003), imipenem (6-26%, p=0.004), and meropenem (7-18, p=0.03).
Conclusion: The study highlights a concerning increase in antibiotic resistance rates over four years, with significant increase in resistance observed across different classes of antibiotics for both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. This increased antibiotic resistance, particularly to commonly used antibiotics like ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin, makes adhering to the WHO's Access, Watch, and Reserve (AWaRe) category even more critical. It also emphasizes how important it is to guard against the growing threat of antibiotic resistance by appropriately using medicines, especially those that are marked for "Watch" or "Reserve."
Influence of ethylene sulfite in lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide-based electrolyte of dual carbon battery
Authors: Yan Z. , Osman Z. , Kufian M.Z 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Dual carbon batteries (DCB) are gaining traction in energy storage research due to their cost-effectiveness, better safety, eco-friendliness, and rapid charging capability. Despite these merits, carbon-based electrode systems face many challenges, particularly in their relatively lower energy density. Researchers are addressing this by exploring innovative strategies, with a focus on electrolyte additives. One noteworthy additive is ethylene sulfite (ES), recognized for its protective effect on electrodes. This study compares two LiTFSI-based electrolytes, one of which is enhanced with ES, to determine their potential in improving DCB capabilities. The LiTFSI-ES electrolyte demonstrates a higher conductivity (7.29×10-3 S cm-1) and a broader potential window (5.554 V) compared to LiTFSI alone. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and dQ/dV analysis confirm the intercalation of TFSI-anions in the graphite electrode, indicating DCB behavior. This research contributes valuable insights into enhancing DCB performance through the incorporation of ES and sheds light on the electrochemical behavior of the LiTFSI-ES electrolyte.
Understanding the impacts of intensity and harvest frequency on Tithonia diversifolia for use in tropical silvopastoral systems
Authors: Ovani Vagner , Pérez-Márquez Simón , Monteiro Alyce , Kruger Ana Maria , Lima Paulo de Mello Tavares , Bizzuti Beatriz Elisa , Takahashi Lumena Souza , Louvandini Helder , Abdalla Adibe Luiz 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray has significant potential as a forage source in silvopastoral systems, particularly in tropical conditions. However, its intensity and frequency management differ from those commonly applied to grasses. This study aims to evaluate T. diversifolia under two harvest intensities (30 and 40 cm stubble height) and four harvest frequencies (21, 28, 35, and 42 days), aligning with Brazil’s traditional tropical grass management practices. Biomass production and nutritive value of forage, as well as in vitro rumen fermentation parameters were assessed. We observed that the tested harvest intensities have a limited impact on the biomass production and nutritional value of T. diversifolia. Despite the linear increase in biomass production, lower harvest frequencies (i.e., longer regrowth period) significantly affects nutritional value, impacting the products of ruminal fermentation, as indicated by the in vitro assay. The methane production per gram of degraded organic matter (OM) and the OM allocated for microbial biomass production are affected by the harvest frequencies. Additionally, we observed that rainfall and canopy height have stronger correlation with biomass production than harvest frequencies controlled by days. We conclude that T. diversifolia is minimally affected by harvest intensities and, for Brazilian edaphoclimatic conditions, it can be harvested with higher frequencies than those suggested for other regions.
Structure Optimization for Downlead Cable of 110 kV Insulated Optical-Unit Phase Conductor
Authors: Liu Xinzhan , Mei Xiaobin , Luo Yuping , Lin Yang , Lin Shenghong , Yang Ling , Guo Deming , Liu Gang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Currently, the structure of insulated optical-unit phase conductor (IOPPC) is gradually being employed in 10 kV and 110 kV power transmission lines, replacing the existing Optical Fiber Composition Phase Conductor (OPPC) structures. However, incidents of lines breakage have occurred in the widespread application of IOPPC downlead cables in 110 kV lines. Addressing these breakage incidents, this paper proposes a modified structure for the IOPPC downlead cable. Initially, finite element method is employed to calculate the electric field intensity of both the traditional and modified IOPPC downlead cable structures under a 110 kV voltage, providing preliminary validation of the effectiveness of the proposed modification. Subsequently, power frequency withstand tests are conducted to further validate and optimize the modified structure. Simulation results indicate that the electric field strength is notably higher in the air region near the parallel groove clamp of the traditional structure. The addition of a semiconductor shielding layer in the modified structure effectively suppresses the increase in electric field strength. Power frequency withstand test results further confirm the inhibitory effect of the semiconductor shielding layer on electric field intensity. However, experimental observations reveal occurrences of discharge at the cutoff point of the semiconductor shielding layer. Finally, optimization of the modified structure successfully eliminates the occurrence of discharge at the cutoff point of the semiconductor shielding layer. The final chapter showed the withstand voltage test specified by IEC standard for the IOPPC downlead cable with the structure of the hollow aluminum ball wrapping, confirming the effectiveness of the modified design.