bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time trends of intestinal and diffuse types of gastric cancer in the United States
Authors: Muñoz N. , Connelly R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAll histologically confirmed gastric cancer cases diagnosed during the periods 1940–1944 and 1960–1964 at the Hartford Hospital were classified into three groups: intestinal, difuse and others, according to a modified Laurén's classification. A reduction in the frequency of intestinal type carcinoma was observed between the earlier and the later time periods. Although this decrease was not statistically significant, it persisted within each sex. The cases were also subdivided into high‐ and low‐risk groups according to the risk for gastric cancer prevailing at their place of birth. As expected, the intestinal type carcinoma was the most predominant in the high‐risk group. This predominance persisted within each sex and time period category and it was more noticeable among female than among male cases. These findings support the hypothesis that these two types of gastric cancer, intestinal and difluse, differ not only structuraily and epidemiologically, but also etiologically.
Évaluation comparée des mesures cliniques, radiologiques et anatomiques des tumeurs mammaires
Authors: Contesso G. , Charbit A. , Mouriesse H. , Markovits P. 
Published: February 2007

Comparative evaluation of clinical, radiological and anatomical measurements of mammary tumoursA study of two series of non‐irradiated benign and malignant breast tumours, operated on at the Gustave‐Roussy Institute, showed that radiological evaluation of a tumour's diameter was far closer to the actual anatomical diameter than was its clinical evaluation.Various factors capable of influencing the indirect assessment of size have been successively studied—limitation, localization, histological type, age, etc.Finally, the authors considered the possibility of replacing the clinical diameter of tumours by their radiological diameter in the TNM classification system.
Epstein‐barr and other herpes virus antibodies in children with acute leukemia
Authors: Gahrton G. , Wahren B. , Killander D. , Foley G. E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera from 52 children with acute leukemia were examined for antibodies to herpes viruses (Epstein‐Barr) (EBV); herpes simplex (HSV); cytomegalovirus (CMV); varicella, and to some other common viruses (measles, rubella, mumps, adenovirus). The incidence of sera positive for herpes virus antibodies was lower among children 1–8 years of age with acute lymphoblastic leukemia — either untreated, in relapse or in remission — than among sera from age‐matched children without leukemia. This difference was particularly striking among children less than 4 years of age, CMV and varicefla antibodies were not found in the sera of children 1–8 years of age who had leukemia, and HSV antibodies were not found in sera from children 1–4 years of age who had leukemia. It was suggested that infection of malignant cells with a continuous release of viral antigens may cause a consumption of humoral antibodies to the herpes viruses.The incidence of sera positive for antibodies to measles and rubella virus did not differ from the expected frequencies in these age groups. A somewhat lower than normal incidence of adenovirus and mumps virus antibodies was found in sera from children with leukemia, 1–4 and 4–15 years of age respectively. This finding was dificult to interpret due to the stronger periodic variation of mumps and adenovirus infections in the community.
Australia antigen and antibody and alpha‐fetoglobulin in hepatoma patients
Authors: Hersh Theodore , Hollinger F. Blaine , Goyal Raj K. , Grubb Margaret N. , Melnick Joseph L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAustralia antigen and antibody and alpha‐fetoglobulin were tested in 14 patients with a histologic diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Three of the 14 had Au antigen and four of eight tested had anti‐Au. Thus, at least 50% of the patients with hepatoma presented serological evidence of past exposure to viral hepatitis B. Alpha‐fetoglobulin was detected in five hepatoma patients. Sera from four of these cases were positive for either Au or anti‐Au. IgA levels were elevated in 10 of 12 hepatoma patients. These results suggest a possible association between long incubation type hepatitis and hepatoma, since the incidence of antigenemia and antibody is low in Houston in persons without a history of hepatitis.
Effect of host sex and splenectomy on moloney virus‐induced sarcomas
Authors: Pollack Sylvia B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFemale BALB/c mice injected intramuscularly with Moloney sarcoma virus (MSV) developed tumors which were smaller and were rejected more quickly than those induced in age‐matched males. Tumor rejection was also more frequent in splenectomized hosts than in sham‐operated controls. The eject of splenectomy was more pronounced in females than in males.In sub‐lethally irradiated mice challenged with MSV, sex‐related and spleen‐dependent differences in response to adoptively transferred spleen cells were observed. In females, both splenectomized and sham‐operated recipients of immune cells rejected their primary sarcomas, while the tumors grew rapidly in all recipients of normal cells. In a concurrent experiment with males, splenectomy had a greater suppressive effect on tumor growth than did the type of spleen cells tranferred (immune vs. normal).
Replication of celo virus in the chicken chorio‐allantoic membrane
Authors: Slifkin Malcolm , Merkow Leonard P. , Henry Claude , Pardo Matias 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeveral previously undescribed ultrastructural features of chicken embryo lethal orphan (CELO) virus replication in chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) have been observed. The virus particles appeared to fuse with the plasmalemma at adsorption sites. Newly synthesized virus was detected at 12–14 hours post infection (PI) by titration of infectivity in embryonating chicken eggs. These infectivity titers reached a maximum at 30 h PI. The two membranes of the nuclear envelope of infected cells separated to form a perinuclear space. CELO virus in crystalline arrays was observed in nuclei of only endodermal CAM cells. CELO virus was not observed by electron microscopy in the brain, liver or lungs of allantoic or intravenous inoculated embryos. Thus, the invasiveness of the Phelps strain of CELO virus appears restricted to the CAM.
Further investigations of circulating antibodies in colon cancer patients: On the autoantigenicity of the carcinoembryonic antigen
Authors: Collatz E. , von Kleist S. , Burtin P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera from 190 patients (including 125 patients with cancer of the digestive tract) have been investigated for the presence of circulating antibodies directed against the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Use of three different techniques (passive hemagglutination, immunoadsorption and immunoftuorescence) revealed no evidence for the autoantigenicity of this particular antigen. The titers demonstrated in patients' sera were due to antibodies directed against normal tissue proteins which were present in perchloric acid extracts of colonic tumors.
Inhibition of murine sarcoma virus oncogenesis with living BCG
Authors: Schwartz Donald B. , Zbar Berton , Gibson W. Thomas , Chirigos Michael A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIntramuscular inoculation of murine sarcoma virus of Moloney (MSV‐M) leads to the development of tumors at the site of injection. The effect of BCG treatment on tumor induction by MSV‐M in BALB/c mice was studied. Mice injected with BCG 28 days before induction of tumors with MSV‐M alone had shorter latent periods for tumor development and longer survivals than mice not previously exposed to BCG. When BCG was mixed with the MSV‐M used for tumor induction there was a significant decrease in mortality, tumor incidence, and tumor size compared to those seen in mice inoculated with MSV‐M alone. Previous exposure of the mice to BCG before attempted induction of tumors with the mixture of BCG and MSV‐M completely inhibited tumor development. In addition, these mice were effectively immunized against tumor development when subsequently challenged with a lethal dose of MSV‐M. The mechanisms of BCG's impressive activity are discussed.
Mutagenic properties of N‐acetyl‐2‐aminofluorene and its metabolites in relation to the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis
Authors: Fahmy O. G. , Fahmy Myrtle J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe genetic properties of the carcinogen N‐acetyl‐2‐aminofluorene were compared with those of representatives of its suspected metabolites: the N‐hydroxylamine, its acetic and sulphuric acid oxy‐esters, as well as the 1‐ and 3‐hydroxylamines. Mutagenic activity was examined with respect to point‐mutations, gene eliminations and chromosome breakage, in both the euchromatic and heterochromatic parts of the genome. Selective mutagenicity was assayed on the basis of the specific mutational effects on the Minute (m), bobbed (bb) and 3 euchromatic loci relative to the overall X‐chromosome response (recessive lethals and visibles) in the same sample of treated gametes.The parent carcinogen and its N‐hydroxy derivatives (both the acetylated and non‐acetylated forms) were inactive as regards X‐chromosome recessive mutations and heterochromatic deletions involving both the m loci and the fertility genes, but were decisively active with respect to the bb's, thus indicating their virtual specificity for the r‐RNA genes. The genetic activity of the 3‐hydroxyamine was identical to that of the N‐hydroxylamine, to which it might be converted in vivo, but the I‐hydroxy derivative was mutagenically ineffective.The highest mutagenic activity among the present test compounds occurred with the chemically reactive amino‐oxy esters. The acetic acid derivative—N‐acetoxy‐2‐acetylaminofluorene—exerted a wide spectrum of mutational effects: X‐chromosome recessive mutations, heterochromatic gene eliminations (m's and bb's) and—to a lesser extent—chromosome structural rearrangements. Its yield of these mutational classes, however, was differential for the various germ cell stages, being maximal in the sperm for point‐mutations and in the spermatids for the m's and bb's. The sulphate ester—acetylaminofluorene‐N‐sulphate—was considerably more selective for the heterochromatin than the acetic acid analogue, as indicated by its high mutagenicity on the m loci and virtual inactivity with respect to the overall X‐chromosome mutations.A subtle correlation seemed to occur between the oncological and mutagenic selectivities manifested by the present test series. The hepatocarcinogenic parent amine and its N‐hydroxylamines were also virtually specific for the bb loci, and the acetoxy derivative, which exerted its carcinogenicity at the site of injection, produced the same order of bb‐selectivity as other direct carcinogens among the alkylating agents. This is in harmony with the concept that mutations at the r‐RNA genes might be significant in cancer initiation.
Chromosomal control of chemical carcinogenesis
Authors: Hitotsumachi Shinya , Rabinowitz Zelig , Sachs Leo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMalignant cell transformation and its reversion, in cells transformed after treatment with the chemical carcinogen dimethylnitrosamine, are controlled by the balance between chromosomes that determine the expression (E) of malignancy and those that determine its suppression (S). Malignancy is due to a change in chromosome balance so as to produce an excess of E over S. The chromosome groups that contain these two types of chromosomes have been identified as the same groups that determine the expression and suppression of malignancy in cells transformed by polyoma virus. The balance between these two types of chromosomes also controls the resistance of cells to treatment with 5‐bromodeoxyuridine and visible light. The data suggest that viral and non‐viral carcinogens induce malignancy by inducing chromosome re‐arrangements that result in a change in the balance between E and S.
The formation of variants with a reversion of properties of transformed cells. vi. stability of the reverted state
Authors: Rabinowitz Zelig , Sachs Leo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe stability of the reverted state has been analysed in revertants from polyomavirus‐transformed cells in which reversion was not associated with a loss of the virus genome. The regaining of two transformed properties, the ability to form colonies at high temperature (41° C) and in soft agar, were used as markers for re‐reversion.The frequency of re‐reversion was studied in 12 cloned revertants after different periods of in vitro cultivation. When tested at 45 days after isolation, there were no temperature re‐revertants and 2 to 184 agar re‐revertants per 5 × 104 cells. At 90 days after isolation, there were 14 to 784 temperature re‐revertants, and 242 to 1160 agar re‐revertants per 5 × 104 cells. The stability of the reverted state was thus decreased by in vitro cultivation.The study of isolated re‐revertants has indicated that, once a transformed property has been regained during re‐reversion, the immediate progeny of the re‐revertant may contain a high frequency of segregants which had lost this regained property. The re‐reverted state was more stable in re‐revertants from revertants that were 100 days after isolation, than in re‐revertants from revertants that were 55 days after isolation. Re‐reversion for one transformed property was not necessarily associated with re‐reversion for the other transformed property.The different degrees of stability are explained by differences in the balance between chromosomally located factors that determine the expression and suppression of transformed properties.
Eb‐virus associated serology in malignant disease: antibody levels to viral capsid antigens (vca), membrane antigens (ma) and early antigens (ea) in patients with various neoplastic conditions
Authors: de Schryver André , Klein George , Henle Gertrude , Henle Werner , Cameron Hector M. , Santesson Lars , Clifford Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo hundred and forty‐nine sera derived from African donors suffering from a variety of malignant diseases were examined for EBV‐related antibody levels. When divided into three major subgroups (lymphoproliferative tumours, carcinoma and sarcoma) none of the mean titres approached the high anti‐VCA, anti‐MA or anti‐EA levels characteristic for Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) or nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). On breaking down the material further into specific diagnostic or pathological subgroups, similar low mean values were found, except for small groups of plasma cell tumours and carcinomas of the palate (with high anti‐VCA and anti‐MA) and osteogenic sarcoma (with moderately high anti‐MA). The data do not support a regular association of high anti‐EBV titres with malignant disease in general and thus reaffirm the special position of BL and NPC in this respect.
Rescue of the genome of the defective murine sarcoma virus from a non‐producer hamster tumor cell line, pm‐1, with murine and feline leukemia viruses as helpers
Authors: Monti‐Bragadin C. , Ulrich K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSome properties of a hamster tumor cell line, the PM‐1 cl 6 (PM‐1), derived from a hamster tumor induced by the Harvey murine sarcoma virus (H‐MuSV) are described. The PM‐1 cell line appears to be free of viruses of the murine leukemia‐sarcoma complex as tested by the absence of plaque formation in the mixed cytopathogenicity test for MuLV, the absence of gs‐antigen (s) of MuLV demonstrated by the indirect immunofluorescence technique and the lack of focus formation in MuSV‐sensitive 3T3 cells. Incorporation studies with 3H‐uridine have shown lack of production of viral particles in the density region 1.16 g/cm3, and cell‐free preparations of the PM‐1 cells were not sarcomagenic in hamsters. Rauscher and Gross MuLV as well as MuLV isolated from several chemically‐induced murine leukemias were able to rescue the MuSV genome from the PM‐1 cells as demonstrated by focus formation of the different pseudotype MuSV in 3T3 cell cultures as well as sarcoma induction in mice. Trans‐species rescue of the defective MuSV genome has also been accomplished with feline leukemia virus (FeLV) as helper. The rescued pseudotype MuSV (FeLV) produced foci in feline embryonic cell cultures. The PM‐1 cell line should be useful for further studies of mammalian viruses of the Oncorna group.
Surface properties of non‐tumorigenic variants of mouse mammary carcinoma cells in culture
Authors: Hozumi Motoo , Miyake Setsuko , Mizunoe Fusako , Sugimura Takashi , Irie Reiko Furuse , Koyama Kotaro , Tomita Motowo , Ukita Tyunosin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe surface properties of two cell lines, Cl 1‐82 and Cl M‐6, from a cultured mouse mammary tumor cell line, FM3A/B, were studied with phytohemagglutinins and the immune adherence test. The transplantabilities of these cells had greatly decreased either spontaneously or after treatment with 4‐nitroquinoline 1‐oxide. The agglutinability of these non‐malignant (low‐ or non‐tumorigenic) cells with agglutinins from various plants was markedly higher than that of the original malignant (tumorigenic) cells. The agglutination was inhibited specifically by certain kinds of sugars. The localization of the receptors of the agglutinin on the cell surface was observed with fluorescent agglutinin.Surface antigens were detected by the immune adherence test with anti‐Cl 1‐82 cells, and their content was found to be higher on non‐malignant than on malignant cells. The increased content was shown to be responsible for induction of strong immunity against malignant cells.
Survival of breast cancer patients related to incidence risk factors
Authors: Morrison Alan S. , Lowe C. Ronald , Macmahon Brian , Warram James H. , Yuasa Shu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractVariation in survival of breast cancer patients has been examined for relationship to three demographic variables known to affect incidence rates—geography, socioeconomic status and age at birth of first child. Three‐year relative survival ratios in two areas with high incidence rates (Boston, USA and Glamorgan, Wales) were 75.3% and 66.4%, respectively. In an area with a low incidence rate (Tokyo, Japan) the ratio was 85.6%. The overall survival ratios differed significantly between areas, but the pattern is not such as to suggest a consistent correlation — either positive or negative — with incidence rates. The differences in survival ratios between areas were not explained by differences in the extent of disease at diagnosis. Survival ratios did not vary consistently with socioeconomic status, as measured by duration of schooling. Neither childbearing nor age at which porous patients first became pregnant was related to probability of survival.
Action of miracil d and related compounds on dna and rna synthesis in regenerating liver and hepatomas
Authors: Lea M. A. , Miller S. , Mackauf Ida , Hirschberg E. , Morris H. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMiracil D (1‐diethylaminoethylamino‐4‐methyl‐10‐thiaxanthenone) caused a large and prolonged inhibition of thymidine‐3H incorporation into DNA of regenerating rat liver. A similar effect was observed with hycanthone and a desethyl derivative of Miracil D, which also complexes with DNA, but not with a noncomplexing congener bearing a methyl substituent on the proximal nitrogen of the dialkylaminoalkylamino side chain. Miracil D caused a less marked inhibition of orotate‐3H incorporation into RNA at 6 and 24 h after partial hepatectomy. Administration of Miracil D 16 h before measurement of DNA synthesis had a marked inhibitory effect on three slowly growing hepatomas (9618A, 47C and 7787) but had little or no effect on three rapidly growing hepatomas (3924A, 5123tc and 7777). RNA synthesis was not inhibited in hepatoma 7777 under these conditions, but a small, though significant, inhibition of tumor DNA synthesis was observed in rats subjected to partial hepatectomy. The data suggested that sensitivity of nucleic acid synthesis to Miracil D may be lost with a decrease in the differentiation of hepatic tissues.
Hematopoietic CFU in mice infected by the polycythemia‐inducing friend virus. I. number of CFU, and differentiation pattern in the spleen colonies
Authors: Wendling F. , Tambourin P. E. , Jullien P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe number of colony‐forming units (CFU) in the spleen, femoral bone marrow and blood of Friend‐virus (FV)‐infected mice was determined at different times after virus infection, by the exogenous spleen colony assay. An increase in number occurred in the spleen, following the rise in the number of cells, and also in the blood, but not in the bone marrow. The fraction “f” of CFU which settle in the spleen of irradiated recipients was the same for bone marrow cells from normal or FV‐infected donors and slightly decreased in the case of spleen cells from infected mice. The total increase in the CFU compartment was estimated as being six‐fold, 30 days after virus infection.Cytological and histological investigations of the colonies developing in the spleen of irradiated recipients grafted with hematopoietic cells from FV‐infected donors indicated that the pattern of differentiation along erythrocytic, myelocytic and megakaryocytic lines appeared comparable to the pattern of differentiation observed in spleen colonies derived from the graft of normal hematopoietic cells.From these observations, it can be speculated that the CFU of FV‐infected mice behave as normal hematopoietic CFU, in terms of differentiation ability, in the spleens of isogeneic irradiated mice.
Some similarities in the responses of mice to pregnancy and leukemogenesis
Authors: Tyndall R. L. , Otten J. A. , Proffitt M. R. , Bowles N. D. , Tennant R. W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBecause of previous reports of a variety of similarities between fetal and malignant tissues, several physiologic, histologic, and serologic responses of leukemic mice were compared to those of pregnant mice. Identical alterations in protein profiles were seen in sera from pregnant and leukemic mice, both RLV‐infected BALB/c mice and AKR mice with spontaneous thymic lymphoma. The alterations included an obliteration of the bimodal distribution of prealbumins 2 and 3, and an increase in the concentration of prealbumin 4. Protein migrating immediately ahead of transferrin was also increased. Sera from pseudopregnant or partially hepatectomized mice, from mice inoculated with fetal tissue, or from mice infected with LDV or pneumotropic mycoplasm did not show such alterations, while sera from scalped mice did. Spleen tissue from pregnant BALB/c mice showed erythroid hyperplasia and non‐specific esterase profiles not unlike those for spleen tissue of mice infected with RLV free of LDV. These alterations were at their maximum from approximately 10‐12 days of gestation. Germinal center formation was seen in spleen tissues from inbred (BALB/c) pregnant mice at 18‐20 days of gestation and in postpartum spleens. In related experiments, sera from pregnant or scalped rats and anti‐MulV sera from sarcoma‐bearing rats showed a common precipitin line on reaction in double‐diffusion tests with RLV pelleted from the variant RLV‐infected JLS V5 cell culture. Sera from virgin rats showed no such reaction, nor did virus pellets from the original JLS V5 and JLS V6 cell cultures. Ether treatment of the virus pellet from the variant JLS V5 cell cultures abolished the precipitin reaction.These results indicate the presence of a common moiety in sera from pregnant, scalped, and sarcoma‐bearing rats, which precipitates a factor (or factors) associated with the envelope of RLV propagated in cell culture. Only RLV from a transformed variant of the JLS V5 cell culture has thus far been capable of demonstrating the precipitin reaction. The similarity of physiologic, histologic, and serologic responses of leukemic and pregnant animals suggests the possibility that some neoplasms may induce reactions in the host not unlike those associated with pregnancy, and that the fate of such neoplasms may be related in part to these responses.