bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin antioxidants, lipid peroxidation, tumour stage, the systemic inflammatory response and survival in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Leung Elaine Y.L. , Crozier Joseph E.M. , Talwar Dinesh , O'Reilly Denis St. J. , McKee Ruth F. , Horgan Paul G. , McMillan Donald C. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBoth the tumour growth and progression and the systemic inflammatory response have the potential to increase oxidative stress. We therefore examined the relationship between lipid‐soluble antioxidant vitamins, lipid peroxidation, the systemic inflammatory response and survival in patients with primary operable (n = 53) and advanced inoperable (n = 53) colorectal cancer. Compared with those patients with primary operable colorectal cancer, patients with unresectable liver disease had significantly lower median concentrations of α‐tocopherol (p < 0.001), lutein (p < 0.001), lycopene (p < 0.001), α‐carotene (p < 0.01) and β‐carotene (p < 0.001) and higher malondialdehyde concentrations. An elevated systemic inflammatory response (Glasgow prognostic score, mGPS) was associated with a greater proportion of females (p < 0.05) and more advanced tumour stage (p < 0.05), lower circulating levels of retinol (p < 0.01), lutein (p < 0.01), lycopene (p < 0.01) and α‐ (p < 0.01) and β‐carotene but not MDA (p = 0.633). In the liver metastases group 41 patients died of their cancer and a further 1 patient died of intercurrent disease on follow‐up. On univariate survival analysis, mGPS (p < 0.01), retinol (p < 0.001), α‐tocopherol (p < 0.05) and α‐carotene (p < 0.05) were associated significantly with cancer‐specific survival. On multivariate survival analysis of these significant variables, only mGPS (p < 0.01) and retinol (p < 0.001) were independently associated with cancer‐specific survival. The results of the present study showed that the systemic inflammatory response was associated with a reduction of lipid‐soluble antioxidant vitamins, whereas advanced tumour stage was associated with increased lipid peroxidation in patients with colorectal cancer. Of the antioxidant vitamins measured, only retinol was independently associated with cancer‐specific survival. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gene silencing of β‐catenin in melanoma cells retards their growth but promotes the formation of pulmonary metastasis in mice
Authors: Takahashi Yuki , Nishikawa Makiya , Suehara Tetsuya , Takiguchi Naomi , Takakura Yoshinobu 
Published: August 2008

AbstractAltered expression of β‐catenin, a key component of the Wnt signaling pathway, is involved in a variety of cancers because increased levels of β‐catenin protein are frequently associated with enhanced cellular proliferation. Although our previous study demonstrated that gene silencing of β‐catenin in melanoma B16‐BL6 cells by plasmid DNA (pDNA) expressing short‐hairpin RNA targeting the gene (pshβ‐catenin) markedly suppressed their growth in vivo, gene silencing of β‐catenin could promote tumor metastasis by the rearranging cell adhesion complex. In this study, we investigated how silencing of β‐catenin affects metastatic aspects of melanoma cells. Transfection of B16‐BL6 cells with pshβ‐catenin significantly reduced the amount of cadherin protein, a cell adhesion molecule binding to β‐catenin, with little change in its mRNA level. Cadherin‐derived fragments were detected in culture media of B16‐BL6 cells transfected with pshβ‐catenin, suggesting that cadherin is shed from the cell surface when the expression of β‐catenin is reduced. The mobility of B16‐BL6 cells transfected with pshβ‐catenin was greater than that of cells transfected with any of the control pDNAs. B16‐BL6 cells stably transfected with pshβ‐catenin (B16/pshβ‐catenin) formed less or an equal number of tumor nodules in the lung than cells stably transfected with other plasmids when injected into mice via the tail vein. However, when subcutaneously inoculated, B16/pshβ‐catenin cells formed more nodules in the lung than the other stably transfected cells. These results raise concerns about the gene silencing of β‐catenin for inhibiting tumor growth, because it promotes tumor metastasis by reducing the amount of cadherin in tumor cells. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Targeting the methionine cycle for melanoma therapy with 3‐O‐(3,4,5‐trimethoxybenzoyl)‐(−)‐epicatechin
Authors: Sánchez‐del‐Campo Luís , Rodríguez‐López José Neptuno 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe higher expression of methionine cycle genes in melanoma cells than in normal melanocytes may be related with increased protein synthesis and transmethylation reactions and the subsequent need for high levels of methionine. 3‐O‐(3,4,5‐trimethoxybenzoyl)‐(−)‐epicatechin (TMECG), a trimethoxy derivative of epicatechin‐3‐gallate (ECG), effectively suppressed proliferation of melanoma cells in cultures by inducing apoptosis. TMECG modulates the expression of genes involved in methionine metabolism, cellular methylation and glutathione synthesis in melanoma cells. TMECG treatment of melanoma cells resulted in the downregulation of antiapoptotic Bcl‐2, the upregulation of proapoptotic Bax and the activation of caspase‐3; however, it did not induce the expression of the apoptosis protease‐activating factor‐1 (Apaf‐1). Having elucidated the effects of TMECG on the melanoma methionine cycle, we designed therapeuthical strategies to increase its effectiveness. Combinations of TMECG withS‐adenosylmethionine or compounds that modulate the intracellular concentration of adenosine strongly increase the antiproliferative effects of TMECG. The ability of TMECG to target multiple aspects related with melanoma survival, with a high degree of potency, points to its clinical value in melanoma therapy. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Predictive value of thymidylate synthase expression in advanced colorectal cancer patients receiving fluoropyrimidine‐based chemotherapy: Evidence from 24 studies
Authors: Qiu Li‐Xin , Tang Qi‐Yun , Bai Jian‐Ling , Qian Xiao‐Ping , Li Ru‐Tian , Liu Bao‐Rui , Zheng Ming‐Hua 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe published data about thymidylate synthase (TS) expression and its predictive value in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) patients receiving fluoropyrimidine‐based chemotherapy seemed inconclusive. To derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, a metaanalysis was performed. Studies have been identified by searching PubMed and Embase. Inclusion criteria were advanced CRC patients, received fluoropyrimidine‐based chemotherapy and evaluation of TS expression and overall response rate (ORR). The relative ratio (RR) for ORR in patients with low‐TS expression over those with high‐TS expression with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for each study as an estimation of the predictive effect of TS. A total of 24 studies including 1,112 patients were involved in this metaanalysis. The overall RR was 2.20 (95% CI, 1.82–2.66;p= 0.000). For studies evaluating TS expression in metastatic lesions, the pooled RR was 3.23 (95% CI, 2.27–4.59;p= 0.000); for studies testing TS expression in primary lesions, a pooled RR of 1.89 (95% CI, 1.45–2.48;p= 0.000) was estimated. Focusing the analysis on immunohistochemistry (IHC)‐based or RTPCR‐based assessments, the pooled RR was 1.83 (95% CI, 1.44–2.34;p= 0.000) and 2.96 (95% CI, 2.07–4.22;p= 0.000), respectively. The results indicated that low‐TS expression tumors in advanced CRC patients were more sensitive to fluoropyrimidine‐based chemotherapy. Subgroup analyses indicated that the predictive value of TS expression evaluated in metastases was more prominent than that of primary lesions, and that TS expression tested by RTPCR was also of greater predictive value than by IHC. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optical detection and grading of lung neoplasia by Raman microspectroscopy
Authors: Jess Phillip R.T. , Mazilu Michael , Dholakia Kishan , Riches Andrew C. , Herrington C. Simon 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate whether Raman spectroscopy could be used to identify and potentially grade lung neoplasia in cell samples. Normal human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEpCs) were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and compared with (i) HBEpCs expressing human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E7 or CDK4; (ii) the immortalized bronchial epithelial cell line BEP2D and (iii) its asbestos‐transformed derivative AsbTB2A. Overall, Raman spectroscopy, in combination with a linear discriminant analysis algorithm, was able to identify abnormal cells with a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 75%. Subdivision of the cell types into 3 groups, representing normal cells (HBEpCs), cells with extended lifespan (HBEpCs expressing HPV 16 E7 or CDK4) and immortalized/transformed cells (BEP2D and AsbTB2A) showed that Raman spectroscopy identifies cells in these categories correctly with sensitivities of 75, 79 and 87%, and specificities of 91, 85 and 96%, respectively. In conclusion, Raman spectroscopy can, with high sensitivity, detect the presence of neoplastic development in lung cells and identify the stage of this development accurately, suggesting that this minimally invasive optical technology has potential for lung cancer diagnosis. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Overexpression of Tiam1 in hepatocellular carcinomas predicts poor prognosis of HCC patients
Authors: Ding Yi , Chen Bin , Wang Shuang , Zhao Liang , Chen Juanzhi , Ding Yanqing , Chen Longhua , Luo Rongcheng 
Published: August 2008

AbstractLittle research has been done to test the usefulness of T‐lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 (Tiam1) as a prognostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we investigated Tiam1 expression and its prognostic value for HCC. HCC surgical tissue samples were taken from 152 HCC patients who had been followed up for 5 years. Overexpression of Tiam1 (Tiam1 2+ to 3+) was shown in 63.8% of the cases. The Tiam1 expression level did not correlate with any clinicopathological parameters. However, survival analysis showed that the Tiam1 overexpression group had a significantly shorter overall survival time than the Tiam1 downexpression group (p = 0.008). Multivariate analysis showed that Tiam1 expression was a significant and independent prognostic parameter (p = 0.042) for HCC patients. Tiam1 expression may be a novel and independent predictor for the prognosis of HCC patients. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Increased risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in patients with gastric atrophy: Independent of the severity of atrophic changes
Authors: de Vries Annemarie C. , Capelle Lisette G. , Looman Caspar W.N. , van Blankenstein Mark , van Grieken Nicole C.T. , Casparie Mariël K. , Meijer Gerrit A. , Kuipers Ernst J. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractAn association between gastric atrophy and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) has been described. However, the mechanism of this association is unknown. In this study, we aimed to examine this relationship in a cohort of patients with varying grades of gastric atrophy to increase the understanding about the causality of the association. Patients diagnosed with gastric atrophy between 1991 and 2005 were identified in the Dutch nationwide histopathology registry (PALGA). The incidence of ESCC and, presumably unrelated, small cell lung carcinomas (SCLC) observed in these patients was compared with that in the general Dutch population. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by a Poisson model. At baseline histological examination, 97,728 patients were diagnosed with gastric atrophy, of whom 23,278 with atrophic gastritis, 65,934 with intestinal metaplasia and 8,516 with dysplasia. During follow‐up, 126 patients were diagnosed with ESCC and 263 with SCLC (overall rates 0.19, respectively 0.39/1,000 person‐years at risk). Compared with the general Dutch population, patients with gastric atrophy ran a RR of developing ESCC of 2.2 [95% CI 1.8–2.6] and of SCLC of 1.8 [95% CI 1.6–2.1]. The risk of ESCC did not increase with increasing severity of gastric atrophy (p = 0.90). In conclusion, this study found an association between gastric atrophy and both ESCC and SCLC, but the risk of ESCC did not increase with the severity of gastric atrophy. Therefore, a causal relationship seems unlikely. Confounding factors, such as smoking, may explain both associations. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Polymorphisms in ABCG2, ABCC3 and CNT1 genes and their possible impact on chemotherapy outcome of lung cancer patients
Authors: Müller Phillip J. , Dally Heike , Klappenecker Cornelia N. , Edler Lutz , Jäger Birgit , Gerst Martina , Spiegelhalder Bertold , Tuengerthal Siegfried , Fischer Jürgen R. , Drings Peter , Bartsch Helmut , Risch Angela 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe prognosis of lung cancer patients treated with chemotherapy is poor, motivating the search for predictive factors. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in membrane transporter genes could influence the pharmacokinetics of cytostatic drugs and therefore affect treatment outcome. We examined 6 SNPs with known or suspected phenotypic effect: ABCG2 G34A, C421A; ABCC3 C−211T, G3890A, C3942T and CNT1 G565A. For 349 Caucasian patients with primary lung cancer [161 small cell lung cancer (SCLC), 187 nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 1 mixed] receiving first‐line chemotherapy 3 different endpoints were analyzed: response after the 2nd cycle (R), progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The prognostic value of the SNPs was analyzed using multivariable logistic regression, calculating odds ratios (ORs) when comparing genotype frequencies in responders and nonresponders after the 2nd cycle. Hazard ratios (HRs) for PFS and for OS were calculated using Cox regression methods. In all lung cancer patients, none of the investigated polymorphisms modified response statistically significant. The only significant result in the histological subpopulations was in SCLC patients carrying the ABCC3 ‐211T allele who showed significantly worsened PFS (HR: 1.79; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13–2.82). In an exploratory subgroup analysis significantly worse OS was seen for carriers of the ABCG2 421A‐allele treated with platinum‐based drugs (HR: 1.60; 95% CI 1.04–2.47; n = 256). In conclusion, this study prioritizes ABCC3 C‐211T and ABCG2 C421A as candidate transporter SNPs to be further investigated as possible predictors of the clinical outcome of chemotherapy in lung cancer patients. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spatial fluorescence cross‐correlation spectroscopy by means of a spatial light modulator
Authors: Blancquaert Yoann , Gao Jie , Derouard Jacques , Delon Antoine 
Published: August 2008

AbstractSpatial fluorescence cross‐correlation spectroscopy is a rarely investigated version of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, in which the fluorescence signals from different observation volumes are cross‐correlated. In the reported experiments, two observation volumes, typically shifted by a few μm, are produced, with a spatial light modulator and two adjustable pinholes. We illustrated the feasibility and potentiality of this technique by: i) measuring molecular flows, in the range 0.2–1.5 μm/ms, of solutions seeded with fluorescent nanobeads or rhodamine molecules (simulating active transport phenomenons); ii) investigating the permeability of the phospholipidic membrane of giant unilamellar vesicles versus hydrophilic or hydrophobic molecules (in that case the laser spots were set on both sides of the membrane). Theoretical descriptions are proposed together with a discussion about fluorescence‐correlation‐spectroscopy‐based, alternative methods. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
New insights into cardiovascular and lipid metabolomics
Authors: Giovane Alfonso , Balestrieri Antonio , Napoli Claudio 
Published: August 2008

AbstractMetabolomics is the study of metabolite profiles in biological samples, particularly urine, saliva, blood plasma and fat biopsies. The metabolome is now considered by some to be the most predictive phenotype: consequently, the comprehensive and quantitative study of metabolites is a desirable tool for diagnosing disease, identifying new therapeutic targets and enabling appropriate treatments. A wealth of information about metabolites has been accumulated with global profiling tools and several candidate technologies for metabolomic studies are now available. Many high‐throughput metabolomics methodologies are currently under development and have yet to be applied in clinical practice on a routine basis. In the cardiovascular field, few recent metabolomic studies have been reported so far. This minireview provides an updated overview of alternative technical approaches for metabolomics studies and reviews initial applications of metabolomics that relate to both cardiovascular disease and lipid metabolism research. J. Cell. Biochem. 105: 648–654, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Changes in MicroRNA expression patterns in human fibroblasts after low‐LET radiation
Authors: Maes Olivier C. , An Jin , Sarojini Harshini , Wu Honglu , Wang Eugenia 
Published: August 2008

AbstractExposure to radiation provokes cellular responses controlled in part by gene expression networks. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non‐coding RNAs which mostly regulate gene expression by degrading the messages or inhibiting translation. Here, we investigated changes in miRNA expression patterns after low (0.1 Gy) and high (2.0 Gy) doses of X‐ray in human fibroblasts. At early (0.5 h) and late (6 and 24 h) time points, irradiation caused qualitative and quantitative differences in the down‐regulation of miRNA levels, including miR‐92b, 137, 660, and 656. A transient up‐regulation of miRNAs was observed after 2 h post‐irradiation following high doses of radiation, including miR‐558 and 662. MicroRNA levels were inversely correlated with targets from mRNA and proteomic profiling after 2.0 Gy of radiation. MicroRNAs miR‐579, 608, 548‐3p, and 585 are noted for targeting genes involved in radioresponsive mechanisms, such as cell cycle checkpoint and apoptosis. We suggest here a model in which miRNAs may act as “hub” regulators of specific cellular responses, immediately down‐regulated so as to stimulate DNA repair mechanisms, followed by up‐regulation involved in suppressing apoptosis for cell survival. Taken together, miRNAs may mediate signaling pathways in sequential fashion in response to radiation, and may serve as biodosimetric markers of radiation exposure. J. Cell. Biochem. 105: 824–834, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ab initio calculations on halogen‐bonded complexes and comparison with density functional methods
Authors: Lu Yun‐Xiang , Zou Jian‐Wei , Fan Ji‐Cai , Zhao Wen‐Na , Jiang Yong‐Jun , Yu Qing‐Sen 
Published: August 2008

AbstractA systematic theoretical investigation on a series of dimeric complexes formed between some halocarbon molecules and electron donors has been carried out by employing both ab initio and density functional methods. Full geometry optimizations are performed at the Moller–Plesset second‐order perturbation (MP2) level of theory with the Dunning's correlation‐consistent basis set, aug‐cc‐pVDZ. Binding energies are extrapolated to the complete basis set (CBS) limit by means of two most commonly used extrapolation methods and the aug‐cc‐pVXZ (X = D, T, Q) basis sets series. The coupled cluster with single, double, and noniterative triple excitations [CCSD(T)] correction term, determined as a difference between CCSD(T) and MP2 binding energies, is estimated with the aug‐cc‐pVDZ basis set. In general, the inclusion of higher‐order electron correlation effects leads to a repulsive correction with respect to those predicted at the MP2 level. The calculations described herein have shown that the CCSD(T) CBS limits yield binding energies with a range of −0.89 to −4.38 kcal/mol for the halogen‐bonded complexes under study. The performance of several density functional theory (DFT) methods has been evaluated comparing the results with those obtained from MP2 and CCSD(T). It is shown that PBEKCIS, B97‐1, and MPWLYP functionals provide accuracies close to the computationally very expensive ab initio methods. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009
QM/QM docking method based on the variational finite localized molecular orbital approximation
Authors: Anisimov Victor M. , Bugaenko Vladislav L. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe present a derivation of the semiempirical variational finite localized molecular orbital (VFL) approximation, which was introduced by Anikin et al. (J Chem Phys 2004, 121, 1266). On the basis of VFL approximation, we developed the novel semiempirical (quantum mechanical) QM/QM method in which a part of the system, including the ligand and protein active site, are treated self‐consistently, while the protein bulk is considered as carrying a frozen electronic density matrix. The developed method is applied toward the QM docking study for the p56 LCK SH2 domain. The virtual search has predicted 10 most potent inhibitors by searching through the database of 200,000 empirically docked poses of 20,000 drug‐like molecules. Energy score calculation of each complex roughly consisting of 1700 atoms took 14.54 s of single‐CPU time at the NDDO AM1 level. The entire computation performed on a 32‐CPU cluster would be accomplished in 1 day. Flexible ligand QM docking studies, performed on a subset of 10,000 poses, required 153.03 s of single‐CPU time per complex. The entire calculation performed on the 32‐CPU cluster would be finished in half‐day. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009
Parallel Fock matrix construction program for molecular orbital calculation—Specific computer with a hierarchical network
Authors: Umeda Hiroaki , Inadomi Yuichi , Honda Hiroaki , Nagashima Umpei 
Published: August 2008

AbstractA parallel Fock matrix construction program for a hierarchical network has been developed on the molecular orbital calculation‐specific EHPC system. To obtain high parallelization efficiency on the hierarchical network system, a multilevel dynamic load‐balancing scheme was adopted, which provides equal load balance and localization of communications on a tree‐structured hierarchical network. The parallelized Fock matrix construction routine was implemented into a GAMESS program on the EHPC system, which has a tree‐structured hierarchical network. Benchmark results on a 63‐processor system showed high parallelization efficiency even on the tree‐structured hierarchical network. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009
Lactic acid fermentation of food waste using integrated glucoamylase production
Authors: Wang Xiao Qiang , Wang Qun Hui , Zhi Ma Hong , Yin Wei 
Published: August 2008

AbstractCommercial enzyme is usually needed for the bioconversion of organic waste or biomass. The overall cost could be reduced very significantly if enzyme production could be integrated with its application, avoiding unnecessary steps in enzyme production (such as concentration, recovery and transportation). This investigation attempted to integrate crude glucoamylase production with lactic acid fermentation of food waste. A maximum glucoamylase activity of 1850 U g−1 was obtained with Aspergillus nigerduring solid‐state fermentation (SSF) of food waste, 14.8 times more than that obtained during submerged fermentation (SmF). The optimum pH for producing glucoamylase was 4.6, and glucoamylase retained 83.5% of peak activity at pH 3.0. Without any recovery treatment, the glucoamylase produced by SSF could be used directly for lactic acid fermentation of food waste. Lactic acid concentration reached 45.5 g L−1 with the addition of the crude enzyme, 72% higher than the control. No side‐effects were caused by the viable A. niger in the crude enzyme. This work successfully integrated glucoamylase production with lactic acid fermentation. The enzyme produced by SSF of food waste had sufficient activity to be used directly without any treatment. The integrated process proposed in this study was very economical and may be helpful to other bioconversions. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry