bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potential use of the enhanced nonlinear properties of gold nanospheres in photothermal cancer therapy
Authors: Huang Xiaohua , Qian Wei , El‐Sayed Ivan H. , El‐Sayed Mostafa A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveLaser photothermal therapy (PTT) is practiced at the moment using short laser pulses. The use of plasmonic nanoparticles as contrast agents can decrease the laser energy by using the optical property of the nanoparticles and improve the tumor selectivity by the molecular probes on the particle surface. In this study, we aim at selective and efficient PTT by exploiting the nonlinear optical properties of aggregated spherical gold nanoparticles conjugated to anti‐epidermal growth factor receptor (anti‐EGFR) antibodies using short NIR laser pulses.Study Design/Materials and MethodsSpherical gold nanoparticles are synthesized and conjugated to anti‐EGFR antibodies to specifically target HSC oral cancer cells. The nanoparticles are characterized by micro‐absorption spectra and dark field light scattering imaging. Photothermal destructions of control and nanoparticle treated cancer cells are carried out with a femtosecond Ti:Sapphire laser at 800 nm with a pulse duration of 100 femtoseconds and repetition rate of 1 kHz.ResultsThe laser power threshold for the photothermal destruction of cells after the nanoparticle treatment is found to be 20 times lower than that required to destroy the cells in the normal PTT, that is, without nanoparticles. The number of destroyed cells is quadratically dependent on the laser power. The number of dead cells shows a nonlinear dependence on the concentration of gold nanoparticles that are specifically targeted to cancer cells.ConclusionsThe energy threshold and selectivity of PTT can greatly benefit from the use of the plasmonic enhanced nonlinear optical processes of spherical gold nanoparticles conjugated to anti‐EGFR antibodies. The quadratic dependence of the photothermal efficiency on the pulsed NIR laser power indicates a second harmonic generation or a two photon absorption process. The observed nonlinear dependence on the gold nanoparticle concentration suggests that aggregated nanospheres are responsible for the observed enhanced photothermal destruction of the cells. Lesers Surg. Med. 39:747–753, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multimodal confocal microscopy for diagnosing nonmelanoma skin cancers
Authors: Al‐Arashi Munir Y. , Salomatina Elena , Yaroslavsky Anna N. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBackground and SignificanceThe standard diagnostic procedure for skin cancers is invasive biopsy followed by histopathological evaluation. The biopsy may result in scarring and infection. A reliable way to noninvasively image suspicious lesions with high resolution and contrast would be valuable. In this study, the suitability of dye‐enhanced multimodal confocal microscopy for the detection of nonmelanoma skin cancers was evaluated.Materials and MethodsFor the experiments we used fresh tumor material stained using 0.2 mg/ml or 0.05 mg/ml aqueous solutions of methylene blue (MB) or toluidine blue (TB), respectively. Reflectance, fluorescence, and fluorescence polarization images of skin specimens stained with MB and TB were excited by 656 nm and 633 nm light, respectively. Fluorescence emission and anisotropy were registered between 690 nm and 710 nm. In addition, reference reflectance images at 830 nm were acquired. In total we imaged, analyzed, and compared to histology at least 10 samples of each tumor‐type including nodular basal cell carcinoma (BCC), infiltrative basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).Results and ConclusionThe morphological features and appearance of skin structures in the fluorescence images correlate well with corresponding histology for all investigated tumor‐types. Multi‐spectral reflectance images provide information on the tissue spectral responses and are complimentary to the fluorescence images. The differences detected by fluorescence polarization in cancerous and normal structures may be used for cancerous tissue discrimination. Our results indicate the feasibility of using multimodal confocal microscopy as real‐time tool for detecting skin pathology. Lesers Surg. Med. 39:696–705, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Carotid intima‐media thickness in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Lee Jong‐Moon , Park Kun‐Woo , Seo Woo‐Keun , Park Moon Ho , Han Changsu , Jo Inho , Ahn Jo Sangmee 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThere have been a few studies and inconsistent results regarding the coincidence of Parkinson's disease (PD) and atherosclerotic diseases, such as cerebrovascular disease. Carotid intima‐media thickness (IMT) is a known marker for subclinical atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the carotid IMT between PD patients and controls. We studied 43 patients with PD and 86 matched controls. The carotid IMT in PD patients was significantly smaller than in controls (0.796 ± 0.179 mm vs. 0.913 ± 0.237 mm, P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, the carotid IMT was inversely associated with the duration of levodopa medication and the severity of PD. These results suggest that PD patients have a lower risk of atherosclerosis. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Evaluation of the Unified Wilson's Disease Rating Scale (UWDRS) in German patients with treated Wilson's disease
Authors: Leinweber Barbara , Möller J. Carsten , Scherag Andre , Reuner Ulrike , Günther Peter , Lang Christoph J.G. , Schmidt Hartmut H.J. , Schrader Christoph , Bandmann Oliver , Czlonkowska Anna , Oertel Wolfgang H. , Hefter Harald 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWilson's disease (WD) is an inherited autosomal‐recessive disorder of copper metabolism characterized by a wide variety of neurological, hepatic, and psychiatric symptoms. The aim of the present study was the development and evaluation of a clinical rating scale, termed Unified Wilson's Disease Rating Scale (UWDRS), to assess the whole spectrum of clinical symptoms in WD. Altogether 107 patients (mean age 37.6 ± 11.9 years; 46 male, 61 female) with treated WD participated in the study. Cronbach's alpha as a measure of the internal consistency for the entire scale was 0.92, whereas the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.98 (confidence interval (CI95%) 0.97–0.99), indicating an excellent interrater reliability as determined in 32 patients. Besides the total score was significantly correlated with the earning capacity of the patients as indicated by an estimated Spearman's ρ ≈ 0.54 (CI95% 0.40–0.69, P < 0.001). In summary, the UWDRS appears to be a promising tool to assess the disease severity in WD. Its usefulness in clinical research and drug trials should be further addressed. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
The prevalence of LRRK2 Gly2385Arg variant in Chinese Han population with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Cao Li , Zhang Ting , Xiao Qin , Wang Ying , Bai Li , Lu Guo Qiang , Ma Jian Fang , Zhang Jing , Ding Jian Qing , Chen Sheng Di 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe conducted a case–control study to determine the prevalence of the LRRK2 Gly2385Arg variant in patients with Parkinson's disease in Han population in mainland China. Heterozygous LRRK2 Gly2385Arg variant was identified in 14 of 235 patients with Parkinson's disease (5.69%), but not in 214 unrelated healthy controls. Multivariate analysis indicated the frequency of Gly2385Arg variant in the female patients with early age at onset is higher than their male counterparts. The founder haplotype analysis showed the variant carriers shared the same founder. Clinically, the LRRK2 Gly2385Arg carriers presented with classical Parkinson's disease symptoms. Our study indicates that the LRRK2 Gly2385Arg variant is a potential ethnic‐specific genetic risk factor of Parkinson's disease within Chinese Han ethnicity. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Ethics of sham surgery: Perspective of patients
Authors: Frank Samuel A. , Wilson Renee , Holloway Robert G. , Zimmerman Carol , Peterson Derick R. , Kieburtz Karl , Kim Scott Y.H. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSham surgery is used as a control condition in neurosurgical clinical trials in Parkinson's disease (PD) but remains controversial. This study aimed to assess the perspective of patients with PD and the general public on the use of sham surgery controls. We surveyed consecutive patients from a university‐based neurology outpatient clinic and a community‐based general internal medicine practice. Background information was provided regarding PD and two possible methods of testing the efficacy of a novel gene transfer procedure, followed by questions that addressed participants' opinions related to the willingness to participate and permissibility of blinded and unblinded trial designs. Two hundred eighty‐eight (57.6%) patients returned surveys. Patients with PD expressed less willingness to participate in the proposed gene transfer surgery trials. Unblinded studies received greater support, but a majority would still allow the use of sham surgery. Those in favor of sham surgery were more educated and more likely to use societal perspective rationales. Patients with PD are more cautious about surgical research participation than patients with non‐PD. Their policy views were similar to others', with a majority supporting the use of sham controls. Future research needs to determine whether eliciting more considered judgments of laypersons would reveal different levels of support for sham surgery. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Amantadine may reverse punding in Parkinson's disease—Observation in a patient
Authors: Kashihara Kenichi , Imamura Takaki 
Published: October 2007

AbstractPunding, complex stereotyped behavior, sometimes occurs in patients with Parkinson's disease under dopaminergic replacement therapy. Reduction of dopaminergic drugs may reduce the problem but risks enhancing motor impairment. We report a patient with Parkinson's disease presenting disabling punding, which was reversed by amantadine without aggravating motor function. Amantadine may reduce punding by blocking NMDA receptors, in the same manner as in levodopa‐induced dyskinesias. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Failure of second‐trimester measurement of soluble endoglin and other angiogenic factors to predict placental abruption
Authors: Tikkanen Minna , Stenman Ulf‐Håkan , Nuutila Mika , Paavonen Jorma , Hiilesmaa Vilho , Ylikorkala Olavi 
Published: October 2007

AbstractObjectiveHigh level of soluble endoglin (sEng), a potent antiangiogenic factor, predicts pre‐eclampsia. We compared the serum levels of sEng in early second trimester in women with and without subsequent placental abruption. Proangiogenic placental growth factor (PlGF) and antiangiogenic soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt‐1) were also studied.MethodsSerum samples of 42 women with placental abruption and 50 control women, collected at 15 to 16 gestational weeks were analyzed for sEng, sFlt‐1 and PlGF by immunoassays.ResultsThe levels of sEng showed no difference between the cases and controls, but parous or smoking women with abruption had lower levels of sEng. Similarly, sFlt‐1, PlGF, or sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio showed no difference between the cases and the controls.ConclusionOur data suggest that sEng, PlGF and sFlt‐1 levels in early second trimester fail to predict placental abruption. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Taking the lid off Pandora's Box … gently!
Authors: Kibble SE , Harmer C , Brooks A 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe National Service Framework for Diabetes reintroduced the term ‘empowerment’ into diabetes education. Still many health care professionals (HCPs) rarely provide the opportunity within their consultations for patients to express their feelings regarding their long‐term management of their diabetes, for fear of ‘taking the lid off Pandora's Box’. We studied the use of two simple opening questions as proposed by Anderson and Funnell in the environment of a secondary care diabetes clinic. The two questions were ‘What part of living with diabetes do you find most difficult?’ and ‘How does that make you feel?’Seventy patients participated and 61 tapes were transcribed for content analysis. Our findings indicated a wide range of difficulties and feelings/emotions being expressed. There was no significant difference found between those participants who were given the Problem Areas In Diabetes (PAID) questionnaire or a neutral questionnaire prior to their consultation, in the number of difficulties discussed (t [24] = ‐0.422, p>0.05), or feelings and emotions discussed (t [24] = 0.701, p>0.05).On present evidence these two simple questions can be used as a practical and safe communication procedure by HCPs to find a way into these areas. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons.
Large‐scale stopping and switching treatment with COX‐2 inhibitors after the rofecoxib withdrawal
Authors: Sukel Myrthe P. P. , van der Linden Michiel W. , Chen Connie , Erkens Joëlle A. , Herings Ron M. C. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractPurposeTo compare treatment changes after the rofecoxib withdrawal with changes occurring normally and to re‐assess 12 months afterwards.MethodsThe PHARMO database comprised medication and hospital discharge records of over 3 million inhabitants in the Netherlands. The Study cohort included chronic coxib users with a coxib prescription on 30th September 2004; the Reference cohort others with a coxib prescription on 1st June 2004. Initial treatment changes were based on first new prescription since cohort entry. Twelve‐month changes were studied within the Study cohort only.ResultsThe Study cohort (n = 6974) and Reference cohort (n = 5393) had similar demographics, stratified on type of coxib. In the Study cohort, 3341 (48%) initially stopped coxibs, of whom 1121 (16%) stopped all analgesic, versus 13 and 5% in the Reference cohort (p < 0.001). Among ‘other coxib’ users 32% stopped coxibs, and 15% stopped all analgesics, versus 14% and 4%, p < 0.001 in the Reference cohort. Among those who stopped coxibs, 34% switched to non‐selective non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (nsNSAID) without PPI, 21% to nsNSAID with PPI, and 45% stopped NSAID treatment (Reference cohort: 35, 20, and 44%, respectively). These rates for ‘other coxib users’ were: switching to nsNSAID without PPI 23% (Study Cohort) versus 35% (Reference Cohort), 13 versus 28%, and 64 versus 37% respectively (p < 0.001). Twelve months later, stopping NSAID increased to 43%, stopping all analgesics to 32%. Rheumatologists continued coxibs more frequently than other caregivers (87, 65, 54%, respectively).ConclusionsThe rofecoxib withdrawal resulted in a large proportion of patients who discontinued analgesic treatment altogether regardless of original coxib therapy. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Time‐course analysis of mouse serum proteome changes following exposure of the skin to ionizing radiation
Authors: Guipaud Olivier , Holler Valérie , Buard Valérie , Tarlet Georges , Royer Nicolas , Vinh Joëlle , Benderitter Marc 
Published: October 2007

AbstractRadiation‐induced lesion outcomes of normal tissues are difficult to predict. In particular, radiotherapy or local exposure to a radioactive source by accident can trigger strong injury to the skin. The finding of biomarkers is of fundamental relevance for the prediction of lesion apparition and its evolution, and for the settlement of therapeutic strategies. In order to study radiation‐induced cutaneous lesions, we developed a mouse model in which the dorsal skin was selectively exposed to ionizing radiation (IR). 2‐D difference gel electrophoresis (2‐D DIGE) coupled with MS was used to investigate proteins altered in expression and/or PTM in serum. Proteome changes were monitored from 1 day to 1 month postirradiation, at a dose of 40 Gy, in this specific model developing reproducible clinical symptoms ranging from erythema to skin ulceration with wound healing. About 60 proteins (including some isoforms and likely post‐translational variants), representing 20 different proteins, that exhibited significant and reproducible kinetic expression changes, were identified using MS and database searches. Several proteins, down‐ or up‐regulated from day one, could prove to be good candidates to prognosticate the evolution of a skin lesion such as necrosis. In addition, we observed shifts in pI of several spot trains, revealing potential PTM changes, which could also serve as indicators of irradiation or as predictors of lesion severity.
A hydrophobic ligand‐binding protein of the Taenia solium metacestode mediates uptake of the host lipid: Implication for the maintenance of parasitic cellular homeostasis
Authors: Lee Eung‐Goo , Kim Seon‐Hee , Bae Young‐An , Chung Joon‐Yong , Suh Myungkoo , Na Byoung‐Kuk , Kim Tong‐Soo , Kang Insug , Ma Liang , Kong Yoon 
Published: October 2007

AbstractParasitic organisms are incapable of de novo fatty acid synthesis due to a down‐regulated expression of enzymes involved in the oxygen‐dependent pathway. We investigated the uptake of host lipids by a 150‐kDa hydrophobic ligand‐binding protein (HLBP) of Taenia solium metacestode, an agent causative of neurocysticercosis. The protein was found to be a hetero‐oligomeric complex consisting of multiple subunits (Mr 7, 10, and 15 kDa within pH 8.0–9.7), which may originate from four unique genes of 7‐ and 10‐kDa gene families with 2–3 polymorphic alleles/paralogs. The 15‐kDa protein represented glycosylated forms of the 10‐kDa. With high binding affinity to lipid analogs, these subunits evidenced high‐level sequence identity with other cestode HLBPs and form a novel clade associated with excretory–secretory type HLBP. In vitro experiments with viable worms suggested that the excreted 150‐kDa protein might bind to lipids, and participate in the translocation of host lipids across the syncytial membrane. This process was substantially inhibited by the specific anti‐150 kDa antibodies. The protein was localized in the parasite syncytium and in the lipid droplets within host granuloma wall, where significant lipase activity was expressed. HLBP‐mediated uptake of the host lipid may be critical for the parasite survival and thus could be targeted by chemotherapeutics and/or vaccine.
Interactome and interface protocol (2IP): A novel strategy for high sensitivity topology mapping of protein complexes
Authors: Weerasekera Rasanjala , She Yi‐Min , Markham Kelly A. , Bai Yu , Opalka Natacha , Orlicky Stephen , Sicheri Frank , Kislinger Thomas , Schmitt‐Ulms Gerold 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA few well‐characterized protein assemblies aside, little is known about the topology and interfaces of multiconstituent protein complexes. Here we report on a novel indirect strategy for low‐resolution topology mapping of protein complexes. Following crosslinking, purified protein complexes are subjected to chemical cleavage with cyanogen bromide (CNBr) and the resulting fragments are resolved by 2‐D electrophoresis. The side‐by‐side comparison of a thus generated and a 2‐D CNBr fragment map obtained from uncrosslinked material reveals candidate gel spots harboring crosslinked CNBr fragments. In‐gel trypsinization and MALDI MS analysis of these informative spots identify the underlying crosslinked CNBr fragments based on unmodified tryptic peptides. Matching the cumulative theoretical molecular mass and predicted pI of these crosslinked CNBr fragments with original gel spot coordinates is required for confident crosslink assignment. The above strategy was successfully validated with the Escherichia coli RNA polymerase (RNAP) core complex and subsequently applied to query the quaternary structure of components of the yeast Skp1‐Cdc53/Cullin‐F box (SCF) ubiquitin ligase complex. This protocol requires low picomole sample quantities, can be applied to multisubunit protein complexes, and does not rely on specialized data mining software.
Exhaled breath condensate pH in infants and children with acute and recurrent wheezy bronchitis
Authors: Vogelberg Christian , Würfel Christiane , Knoetzsch Anja , Kahlert Annegret , Range Ursula , Leupold Wolfgang 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe analysis of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is a promising new method to measure airway inflammation. So far only limited data exist about methodological issues of EBC sampling in infants and young children. We evaluated 18 children with acute wheezy bronchitis (median age 24.3 months (min–max: 4–89.9)), 54 children with recurrent wheezy bronchitis (median age 52.5 months (7.2–94.8)), and 32 healthy controls (median age 49.6 months (25.3–67.8)). EBC was sampled with a modified commercially available EBC‐sampler, pH was measured after deaeration. EBC volume was significantly correlated to age (r = 0.56, P < 0.001). EBC pH was significantly decreased in all patients compared to the healthy controls (acute wheezy bronchitis 7.87 (7.16–8.19), P = 0.003, recurrent wheezy bronchitis 7.86 (6.95–8.39), P = 0.002, and healthy controls 8.04 (7.81–8.87), respectively). There were no significant differences of the EBC pH between the disease groups. When divided into different subgroups, an influence of inhaled steroid treatment was found with steroid‐naive recurrent wheezers having significantly lower EBC pH levels compared to healthy controls (7.80 (6.95–8.37), P = 0.018), but not so steroid treated (7.94 (7.24–8.39), P = 0.055). Both, recurrent wheezers with or without a positive allergy test had significantly lower EBC pH compared to healthy controls (7.91 (6.95–8.37), P = 0.007 and 7.82 (7.32–8.39), P =  0.005, respectively). This study indicates that EBC can be collected with a modified commercially available EBC sampler in infants and young children. Further studies need to be performed to evaluate the relevance and meaning of pH differences of EBC in this age group. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2007; 42:1166–1172. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Retraction: Ferroelectric anisotropy of sol–gel‐derived Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti3O12 thin films on SrTiO3 single‐crystal substrates
Authors: Chen X. Q. , Yang F. J. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe Editors would like to inform our readers that the article “Ferroelectric anisotropy of sol–gel‐derived Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti3O12 thin films on SrTiO3 single‐crystal substrates” by Chen and Yang 1, published online in October 2007, has been retracted by agreement between the authors and the editors of physica status solidi. The retraction was requested by Chen due to lack of consensus among all contributors regarding publication. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Investigation of D– centers confined by spherical quantum dots
Authors: Xie Wenfang 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA negative donor center D– in a spherical Gaussian potential quantum dot is studied. The calculations have been performed by means of the exact diagonalization of the Hamiltonian matrix within the effective‐mass approximation. The dot‐radius and confinement‐height dependences of the binding energies of the D– center are obtained. We find that the stability of the D– center strongly depends on the dot radius and the depth of the confining potential. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)