bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D cine-magnetic resonance imaging using spatial and temporal implicit neural representation learning (STINR-MR)
Authors: Shao Hua-Chieh , Mengke Tielige , Deng Jie , Zhang You 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective. 3D cine-magnetic resonance imaging (cine-MRI) can capture images of the human body volume with high spatial and temporal resolutions to study anatomical dynamics. However, the reconstruction of 3D cine-MRI is challenged by highly under-sampled k-space data in each dynamic (cine) frame, due to the slow speed of MR signal acquisition. We proposed a machine learning-based framework, spatial and temporal implicit neural representation learning (STINR-MR), for accurate 3D cine-MRI reconstruction from highly under-sampled data. Approach. STINR-MR used a joint reconstruction and deformable registration approach to achieve a high acceleration factor for cine volumetric imaging. It addressed the ill-posed spatiotemporal reconstruction problem by solving a reference-frame 3D MR image and a corresponding motion model that deforms the reference frame to each cine frame. The reference-frame 3D MR image was reconstructed as a spatial implicit neural representation (INR) network, which learns the mapping from input 3D spatial coordinates to corresponding MR values. The dynamic motion model was constructed via a temporal INR, as well as basis deformation vector fields (DVFs) extracted from prior/onboard 4D-MRIs using principal component analysis. The learned temporal INR encodes input time points and outputs corresponding weighting factors to combine the basis DVFs into time-resolved motion fields that represent cine-frame-specific dynamics. STINR-MR was evaluated using MR data simulated from the 4D extended cardiac-torso (XCAT) digital phantom, as well as two MR datasets acquired clinically from human subjects. Its reconstruction accuracy was also compared with that of the model-based non-rigid motion estimation method (MR-MOTUS) and a deep learning-based method (TEMPEST). Main results. STINR-MR can reconstruct 3D cine-MR images with high temporal (<100 ms) and spatial (3 mm) resolutions. Compared with MR-MOTUS and TEMPEST, STINR-MR consistently reconstructed images with better image quality and fewer artifacts and achieved superior tumor localization accuracy via the solved dynamic DVFs. For the XCAT study, STINR reconstructed the tumors to a mean ± SD center-of-mass error of 0.9 ± 0.4 mm, compared to 3.4 ± 1.0 mm of the MR-MOTUS method. The high-frame-rate reconstruction capability of STINR-MR allows different irregular motion patterns to be accurately captured. Significance. STINR-MR provides a lightweight and efficient framework for accurate 3D cine-MRI reconstruction. It is a ‘one-shot’ method that does not require external data for pre-training, allowing it to avoid generalizability issues typically encountered in deep learning-based methods.
Prospects for Taiji to detect a gravitational-wave background from cosmic strings
Authors: Chen Zu-Cheng , Huang Qing-Guo , Liu Chang , Liu Lang , Liu Xiao-Jin , Wu You , Wu Yu-Mei , Yi Zhu , You Zhi-Qiang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Recently, multiple pulsar timing array collaborations have presented compelling evidence for a stochastic signal at nanohertz frequencies, potentially originating from cosmic strings. Cosmic strings are linear topological defects that can arise during phase transitions in the early Universe or as fundamental strings in superstring theory. This paper focuses on investigating the detection capabilities of Taiji, a planned space-based gravitational wave detector, for the gravitational wave background generated by cosmic strings. By analyzing simulated Taiji data and utilizing comprehensive Bayesian parameter estimation techniques, we demonstrate a significant improvement in precision compared to the NANOGrav 15-year data set, surpassing it by an order of magnitude. This highlights the enhanced measurement capabilities of Taiji. Consequently, Taiji can serve as a valuable complementary tool to pulsar timing arrays in validating and exploring the physics of cosmic strings in the early Universe.
Stable gravastar with large surface redshift in Einstein's gravity with two scalar fields
Authors: Nojiri Shin'ichi , Nashed G.G.L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We propose a class of models, in which stable gravastar with large surface redshift
becomes a solution. In recent decades, gravastars have become a plausible substitute for black
holes. Researchers have explored stable gravastar models in various alternative gravity theories,
in addition to the conventional framework of general relativity. In this paper, we present a
stellar model within the framework of Einstein's gravity with two scalar fields, in accordance
with the conjecture proposed by Mazur and Mottola [Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 101 (2004),
9545-9550]. In the model, the two scalar fields do not propagate by imposing constraints in
order to avoid ghosts. The gravastar comprises two distinct regions, namely: (a) the interior
region and (b) the exterior region. We assume the interior region consists of the de Sitter
spacetime, and the exterior region is the Schwarzschild one. The two regions are connected with
each other by the shell region. On the shell, we assume that the metric is given by a polynomial
function of the radial coordinate r. The function has six constants. These constants are fixed
by the smooth junction conditions, i.e., the interior region with the interior layer of the shell
and the exterior region with the exterior layer of the shell. From these boundary conditions, we
are able to write the coefficients of the scalar fields in terms of the interior radius and
exterior radius. To clarify the philosophy of this study, we also give two examples of spacetimes
that asymptote as the de Sitter spacetime for small r and as the Schwarzschild spacetime for
large r. Exploration is focused on the physical attribute of the shell region, specifically,
its proper length. The gravastar model's stability has frequently been examined by analyzing the
relationship between surface redshift and shell thickness, a comparison we also undertake with
previous models. Especially, we show that there exists a stable gravastar with a large surface
redshift prohibited by the instability in the previous works. Furthermore, by checking the
effective equation of state parameters, we show that the gravastar geometry realized in this paper
by using two scalar fields could be difficult to generate with ordinary fluid.
Effect of boundary slip on electroosmotic flow in a curved rectangular microchannel
Authors: Liu 刘 Yong-Bo 勇波 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study is to numerically investigate the impact of boundary slip on electroosmotic flow (EOF) in curved rectangular microchannels. Navier slip boundary conditions were employed at the curved microchannel walls. The electric potential distribution was governed by the Poisson–Boltzmann equation, whereas the velocity distribution was determined by the Navier–Stokes equation. The finite-difference method was employed to solve these two equations. The detailed discussion focuses on the impact of the curvature ratio, electrokinetic width, aspect ratio and slip length on the velocity. The results indicate that the present problem is strongly dependent on these parameters. The results demonstrate that by varying the dimensionless slip length from 0.001 to 0.01 while maintaining a curvature ratio of 0.5 there is a twofold increase in the maximum velocity. Moreover, this increase becomes more pronounced at higher curvature ratios. In addition, the velocity difference between the inner and outer radial regions increases with increasing slip length. Therefore, the incorporation of the slip boundary condition results in an augmented velocity and a more non-uniform velocity distribution. The findings presented here offer valuable insights into the design and optimization of EOF performance in curved hydrophobic microchannels featuring rectangular cross-sections.
Survival and maturation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitors in the parkinsonian rat brain is enhanced by transplantation in a neurotrophin-enriched hydrogel
Authors: Comini Giulia , Kelly Rachel , Jarrin Sarah , Patton Tommy , Narasimhan Kaushik , Pandit Abhay , Drummond Nicola , Kunath Tilo , Dowd Eilís 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective. Although human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cell replacement for Parkinson’s disease has considerable reparative potential, its full therapeutic benefit is limited by poor graft survival and dopaminergic maturation. Injectable biomaterial scaffolds, such as collagen hydrogels, have the potential to address these issues via a plethora of supportive benefits including acting as a structural scaffold for cell adherence, shielding from the host immune response and providing a reservoir of neurotrophic factors to aid survival and differentiation. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine if a neurotrophin-enriched collagen hydrogel could improve the survival and maturation of iPSC-derived dopaminergic progenitors (iPSC-DAPs) after transplantation into the rat parkinsonian brain. Approach. Human iPSC-DAPs were transplanted into the 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned striatum either alone, with the neurotrophins GDNF and BDNF, in an unloaded collagen hydrogel, or in a neurotrophin-loaded collagen hydrogel. Post-mortem, human nuclear immunostaining was used to identify surviving iPSC-DAPs while tyrosine hydroxylase immunostaining was used to identify iPSC-DAPs that had differentiated into mature dopaminergic neurons. Main results. We found that iPSC-DAPs transplanted in the neurotrophin-enriched collagen hydrogel survived and matured significantly better than cells implanted without the biomaterial (8 fold improvement in survival and 16 fold improvement in dopaminergic differentiation). This study shows that transplantation of human iPSC-DAPs in a neurotrophin-enriched collagen hydrogel improves graft survival and maturation in the parkinsonian rat brain. Significance. The data strongly supports further investigation of supportive hydrogels for improving the outcome of iPSC-derived brain repair in Parkinson’s disease.
Raman Spectroscopy Study of Ternary Glass Structure of CaO-SiO2-B2O3
Authors: Xie Yingfang , You Jinglin , Huang Cuirong , Liu Guopeng , Wu Caie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
CaO-SiO2-B2O3 terpolymer system is used as the basic raw material to synthesize other glass and melt. Doping Pr, Eu and other rare earth elements can get special performance glass materials with good luminous performance, CaO-SiO2-B2O3 terpolymer system is widely used in packaging substrate and dielectric materials. As an ideal substitute for fluorine, boron in borosilicate has become a new research hotspot of fluorine-free protective slag technology due to its advantages of economic cost and fluxing effect. Raman spectroscopy can be used for real-time observation and microsturcture analysis of materials, which provides a powerful means for the study of high-temperature melt and glass. In this work, CaO-SiO2-B2O3 ternary glass was prepared and Raman spectrum of glass was measured, which provided the necessary basis for the subsequent analysis of its properties, structure and the relationship between its components.
Study on the Cleaning of Mold Spots on Embroidery and the Extraction and Identification of Mold
Authors: Li Bangyu , Xu Mengting , Zha Siyu , Huang Yangyang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article collected mold samples from Suzhou Zhenhu embroidery samples contaminated with mold, cultured, isolated, and identified them, and obtained six types of mold samples. Aspergillus, 2-1 (MH091025.1), 7-2 (KP269023.1), Penicillium, 3-1 (MN856268.1), 3-2 (MK368538.1), Eupenidiella, 1-2 (EU019278.1), and Talaromyces,6-2 (KU8666646.1). The use of ultrasound and other technologies to bleach specific mold stains has basically eliminated the traces of mold stains.
Experimental Study on the Deterioration of Nickel Cadmium Battery Based on External Characteristic Analysis
Authors: Zhang Guorui , Liao Haitao , Liu Jinming , Guo Ai 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Although nickel cadmium batteries have good comprehensive performance and have been used in rail transit auxiliary power systems for a long time, battery degradation is inevitable during long-term use, which largely limits its power output capability and increases the cost of use. Unlike lithium batteries, the degradation study of nickel cadmium batteries has many shortcomings, mostly limited to a certain characteristic data for degradation prediction, and lack of systematic experimental study. Therefore, this article investigates the external characteristics of nickel cadmium battery degradation from multiple points, such as electrochemical impedance, heat production, thermal stability, gas production, etc. Through the experimental analysis, it can be seen that the degradation leads to an advance in the time of oxygen production, a decrease in the thermal stability, an increase in the heat production per unit time, an increase in the charge transfer impedance and a decrease in the interface double layer capacitance.
Evaluation of Surface Stabilization and Reinforcement Effect of Fragile Bronzes
Authors: Chen Jiachang , Mai Yin , Chen Liwei , Zhang Liangshuai , Cui Xinzhan , Liu Xin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Under the influence of various factors, the bronze ware unearthed by archaeology has various diseases of different degrees, and the mineralization problem is more prominent. The physical properties of mineralized bronzes have been destroyed, and the whole is loose and fragile, which is in urgent need of reinforcement and protection. Common reinforcement and protection materials mainly consider surface sealing, matrix bonding reinforcement and penetration reinforcement. Considering the low matrix strength and complex disease types of fragile bronzeware, it is difficult to achieve targeted protection with commonly used reinforcement and protection materials. In view of the problems such as poor permeability and easy discoloration of commonly used protection materials, this paper uses self-developed reinforcement and protection material AMC to compare its reinforcement and protection performance with B72, which has a high comprehensive evaluation on the performance of commonly used reinforcement and protection materials. The matrix strength was increased, and the appearance intervention degree was less than B72.
Prediction of Wear Resistance of In-situ Zinc Matrix Composites Reinforced by Silicon Phase Based on Neural Network
Authors: Zhao Haofeng , Wang Ru , Hu Yingjie , Peng Tao , Chen Zixiang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Silicon phase reinforced zinc-aluminium alloy composites were prepared by in-situ method. The effect of silicon content and external load on the wear resistance of in-situ zinc--aluminium composites was studied by BP artificial neural network. The test results show that the silicon phase, as a hard material, plays the role of supporting load and improves the wear resistance of the alloy. With the increase of Si content, the wear resistance of in-situ zinc--aluminium composites increased first and then decreased. When the amount of silicon added exceeds 2.5-3%, the wear resistance will be reduced, which is related to the silicon phase aggregation and the easy separation of large silicon phases from the matrix. With the increase of external load, the relative wear continues to increase, which is related to the increase of friction. The neural network platform can successfully predict the general trend of wear resistance with the change of silicon content and load.
The Method of Ply Generating in Composite Laminate in Fibersim
Authors: Guo Jianfen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In Fibersim the digital design of the composite preforms laying process begins with the creation of laminates, which define the required preforms and its plies. The digital design of ply-based laying process, zone-based laying process, multi-ply-based laying process, and the methods of multi-ply and zone-based laying process are elaborated.
Fabrication of Bi2MoO6/MIL-101 (Fe) Composites for Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity Enhancement
Authors: Liu Xintong , Su Chunyan , Wang Baorui , Xu Mingyi , Wang Linfeng , Li Min 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Bi2MoO6/MIL-101 (Fe) composite photocatalyst was prepared by a two-step solvothermal method, the photocatalytic decomposition reaction was carried out using visible light as light source and Congo red (CR) aqueous solution as the simulated dye wastewater. The results showed that the photocatalytic activity of Bi2MoO6/MIL-101 (Fe) composite photocatalyst was better than pure MIL-101(Fe) catalyst for the degradation of CR. Bi2MoO6/MIL-101(Fe) composite photocatalyst could compensate for the slower electron mobility and the easy compounding of photogenerated electron-hole pairs of MIL-101(Fe). The degradation efficiency of Bi2MoO6/MIL-101(Fe) photocatalyst for CR remained high after five cycles, indicating its good stability and reusability.
Study on Influence of Electrode Type on Weld ability of TL091 Al. Alloy in Medium Frequency RSW
Authors: Zhong Lihui , Yu Wenchao , Jia Lei , Han Lijun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The characteristics and difficulties of medium frequency resistance RSW (MFRSW) of high strength Al alloy TL091 were analyzed. In order to improve the service life of Al. alloy RSW electrode cap (EC), the shape of EC and welding parameters were studied. The weld ability of RSW of Al. alloy TL091 was studied by using a special pressing mold to make the surface of EC form a special shape. By studying the type and size of the surface-forming mold, pressing method and pressing parameters, the key factors affecting the weld ability of Al. alloy RSW were obtained. The specification and shape of compaction mold will affect the adhesion between alloy and EC, and pit depth, pit distance width and boss size of the mold have great influence on welding ability of Al RSW after single grinding. When indentation depth of the pressing mold is 0.5 mm, the width between the molds is 0.4~0.5 mm, and the width of bulge is 0.2 mm, it can obtain a RSW capability of at least 128 points after each grinding. The direction and ideas for improving the life of Al. alloy RSW EC were determined, which could provide reference for the optimization of automobile Al. alloy RSW.
Research on the Uneven Deformation Law of High Temperature Alloy Large Caliber Ultra-Thin-Walled Tube Parts during Spinning
Authors: Cheng Hui , Zhao Gangyao , Chen Qi , Guo Zhenghua , Zhang Ranyang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Based on the established spinning forming model of GH 4169 large caliber ultra-thin-walled tube parts, the radial stress-strain, normal stress-strain, and circumferential stress-strain distributions were analyzed through simulation methods. The uneven deformation law of GH 4169 large caliber ultra-thin-walled tube parts during spinning was obtained. The results indicate: With the progress of spinning, the radial stress is presented as tension, the normal stress is presented as compression, and the circumferential stress is presented as tension and compression. Therefore, the distribution of equivalent stress is uneven, leading to different tensile and compressive states of the triaxial principal strains in all directions, resulting in a small amount of fluctuation at the edge of the blank.
The Aging Effects of Ultraviolet Irradiation on the Optical Properties of Glass
Authors: Han Huimin , Liu Yueyue , Wang Qingwei , Luo Lida 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Glass is known for its high mechanical strength, resistance to high temperatures, corrosion resistance, excellent transparency, thermal stability, and good electrical insulation properties, making it widely used in various fields such as construction, household, and automotive applications. In this study, three types of glass samples were exposed to three different environments: outdoor, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, and UV irradiation in water vapor. The influence of these different environments on light transmittance and surface morphology was investigated using UV-visible-near infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results indicate that lead-containing glass exhibits excellent resistance to UV irradiation, sodium-calcium glass samples exhibit significant variations in transmittance in the UV and infrared regions, possibly related to iron content, and high borosilicate glass samples show a noticeable decrease in transmittance in the infrared region.
Analysis on Failure Mechanism of Rock-Coal Two-Body Structure with Weak Cemented Rock and the Condition of a Gob Side Entry without Coal Pillar
Authors: Chen Fan , Cao Zongzhong , Li Shengjun , Fan Yixin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Though the real tri-axial testing simulated by FLAC3D, the failure mechanism and deformation process of rock-coal “two-body” structure in the in-situ area, named crucial point, which bore the ultimate lateral abutment pressure and broke in the beginning to lead to the whole damage of the “three soft” ground-rock around the gob-side entry retaining was obtained, and the relationship between the ultimate strength and cohesion of rock was obtained. By field observation the condition of gob side entry without coal pillar was obtained: top old roof as the bearing body, when the height of direct roof was larger than 1.309m1 and soft enough, the half-arch structure could made by the upper strata of the direct roof, as a weak layer, which gave a force straight up against to the old roof overturning and sinking. That was the condition of gob side entry retaining without coal pillar.
Feasibility Study on In-Situ Driving Roadway along Goaf in Three Soft Thick Coal Seam
Authors: Chen Fan , Cao Zongzhong , Li Shengjun , Fan Yixin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Uniaxial compression, triaxial compression and coal crushing experiment were tested to get the soft the three soft characteristics of coal seam and surrounding rock in the third teaching mine in western Henan. Considering the influence of water and argillaceous composition, the relationship between the waste rock expansion factor and pressure was obtained after correction. Introducing the relationship into the calculation of maximum lateral bearing pressure point and collapse characteristic distribution, its results were in good agreement with the measured and simulated results. Establishing the accumulation form factor, “v”, of gob waste rocks in trend, and the representation of “v” was obtained by theoretical calculation. After a lot of calculations to analysis the relationship of “v” and “N”, “q
1”, “Kp
”, “H”, “m”, “Rt
”, and a lot of numerical simulations by 3dec, the results were got below: When the thickness of the direct roof was large, 1<“v”,the lower park of direct roof was collapsed and accumulate naturally, and the upper park was formed an arch bearing structure. While, the roadway excavation in this situation was larger than the condition of “v”<1 in the early stage, but its excavation was easy with broken wall rock, and the roadway deformation and maintenance were smaller with the protection by the arch bearing structure. The more soft the coal seam, its deformation toward gob and the distance between maximum lateral bearing pressure point and coal wall were more larger, and driving along the goaf would recover a large amount of coal. Under truss support,roadway deformation decreased significantly and very similar to the experimented results in situ. So when the seam and direct roof was soft, thick, and 1<“v”, driving roadway along goaf in situ was in the low stress zone protected by the arch bearing structure formed above, and it was a good engineering conditions for the recovery of coal in the gob, and for the overall roadway excavation with one-time laying of the anchor rod and metal mesh. This was the reason why roadway excavation along the goaf was mainly used for mining medium thick or thick coal seams with gentle inclination, inclination and large thickness.