bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on using pre‐bent steel strips as seismic energy‐dissipative devices
Authors: Wang Yen‐Po , Chien Chia‐Shang Chang 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBuckling is usually conceived as an unstable structural behavior leading to lateral instability of axially loaded members, if not properly supported. However, a pre‐bent strip would become an excellent seismic energy‐dissipative device if it is deformed in a guided direction and range. Geometrically large lateral deformation of the steel strips in buckling leads to inelastic behavior of the material and dissipates energy as a consequence. The purpose of this study is to propose a new type of seismic damper in the form of braces based on pre‐bent steel strips. The nonlinear elastic stiffness of monotonously loaded pre‐bent strips in both compression and tension is derived. The energy‐dissipative characteristics of the proposed damping device are investigated via component tests under cyclic loads. Experimental results indicate that the force–displacement relationship of pre‐bent strips in cyclic loads exhibits mechanical characteristics of displacement‐dependent dampers. A series of seismic performance tests has been conducted further to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of using the proposed device as seismic dampers. Encouraging test results have been obtained, suggesting feasibility of the proposed device for earthquake‐resistant design. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FEM analysis of electromagnetic transients in nonlinear networks
Authors: Lucic Rino , Juric‐Grgic Ivica , Kurtovic Mate 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to present a numerical procedure based on the finite element method (FEM) in the time domain when modeling electromagnetic transients in a single nonlinear electrical network. It presents an extension to the FE time domain model used to analyze electromagnetic transients in linear networks. Based on the Newton–Raphson method for FEM analysis and the generalized trapezoidal rule for time integration a novel numerical procedure for the computation of electromagnetic transients in nonlinear circuits/networks is obtained. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A load‐based reflection routing protocol with resource pre‐allocation for contention resolution in OBS networks
Authors: Perelló Jordi , Spadaro Salvatore , Comellas Jaume , Junyent Gabriel 
Published: December 2008

AbstractWe introduce and evaluate a novel reflection routing protocol to reduce burst losses in emerging optical burst switching (OBS) networks. The proposed solution selects the reflection neighbour based on current link state information. To keep pace with OBS traffic dynamics, we propose link state information to be propagated downstream in the burst control packet. As the result, accurate state information of the return links coming from each adjacent neighbour can be maintained, thus improving reflection neighbour selection. Simulation results show up to 98% improvement against classic reflection routing, also outperforming standard deflection routing (DR) especially for medium‐sized burst lengths. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solid Polymer Electrolyte Water Electrolyser Based on Nafion‐TiO2 Composite Membrane for High Temperature Operation
Authors: Baglio V. , Ornelas R. , Matteucci F. , Martina F. , Ciccarella G. , Zama I. , Arriaga L. G. , Antonucci V. , Aricò A. S. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA composite Nafion‐TiO2 membrane was manufactured by a recast procedure, using an in‐house prepared TiO2. This membrane has shown promising properties for high temperature operation in an SPE electrolyser allowing to achieve higher performance with respect to a commercial Nafion 115 membrane. This effect is mainly due to the water retention properties of the TiO2 filler. A promising increase in electrical efficiency was recorded at low current densities for the composite membrane‐based SPE electrolyser at high temperature compared to conventional membrane‐based devices.
HPP Parbati (India) Inclined Shafts: TBM Concept, Segmental Lining and Site Experience
Authors: Gütter Wolfgang , Barwart Christian 
Published: December 2008

AbstractStage II of the 2,000 MW HPP Parbati in Himachal Pradesh, a northern district of India at the lesser Himalayan zone, will generate a total power of 800 MW. A Joint Venture of Jäger Bau GmbH (Austria) and Seli SpA (Italy) completed together with Gammon India Ltd. in December 2006 the first inclined shafts in India driven by a double shield tunnel boring machine. The two parallel 30° inclined underground pressure shafts of 1,500 m in length each have been lined by precast concrete segments simultaneously to the TBM heading. Especially the second shaft could be completed in a record of 109 working days respectively with an average daily production of almost 14 m/d! A steel lining with an inner diameter of 3.5 m is underway to be installed in the two shafts. That project might have set a milestone for the execution of inclined shafts – for sure in India but may be even in other countries as well. The paper describes the mechanical excavation of these two shafts under severe conditions in a remote area.
Amisulpride for the treatment of very‐late‐onset schizophrenia‐like psychosis
Authors: Psarros Constantin , Theleritis Christos G. , Paparrigopoulos Thomas J. , Politis Antonios M. , Papadimitriou George N. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBackgroundAlthough schizophrenia affects all age groups, late or very‐late‐onset schizophrenia‐like psychosis has not been well studied and various treatment issues remain unresolved. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of amisulpride monotherapy in a diagnostically homogeneous group of elderly patients without cognitive impairment suffering from very‐late‐onset schizophrenia.MethodsTwenty‐six patients of mean age 76.2 ± 5.8 years, fulfilling both the recent consensus criteria for very late‐onset schizophrenia‐like psychosis and the DSM‐IV‐TR criteria for schizophrenia, were assessed by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, the Clinical Global Impression Scale and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale at baseline and five weeks following amisulpride (50–200 mg/day) administration; also, the presence of abnormal movements was evaluated with the Simpson‐Angus Scale, the Barnes Akathisia Scale, and the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale.ResultsA highly significant (p < 0.001) improvement on all measures of psychotic symptomatology was observed in all patients. Amisulpride was very well tolerated by the patients and no clinically significant adverse effects were observed. Scores on all abnormal movement scales did not differ significantly prior to and after amisulpride treatment.ConclusionPreliminary results indicate that amisulpride appears to be an efficacious and safe atypical antipsychotic for the treatment of very‐late‐onset schizophrenia‐like psychosis. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Formation pathways of DMSO2 in the addition channel of the OH‐initiated DMS oxidation: A theoretical study
Authors: Ramírez‐Anguita Juan M. , González‐Lafont Àngels , Lluch José M. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe production of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2) in the dimethyl sulfide (DMS) degradation scheme initiated by the hydroxyl (OH) radical has been shown to be very sensitive to nitrogen oxides (NOx) levels. In the present work we have explored the potential energy surfaces corresponding to several reaction pathways which yield DMSO2 from the CH3S(O)(OH)CH3 adduct [including the formation of CH3S(O)(OH)CH3 from the reaction of DMSO with OH] and the reaction channels that yield DMSO or/and DMSO2 from the CH3S(O2)(OH)CH3 adduct are also studied. The formation of the CH3S(O2)(OH)CH3 adduct from CH3S(OH)CH3 (DMS‐OH) and O2 was analyzed in our previous work. All these pathways due to the presence of NOx (NO and NO2) and also due to the reactions with O2, OH and HO2 are compared with the objective of inferring their kinetic relevance in the laboratory experiments that measure DMSO2 (and DMSO) formation yields. In particular, our theoretical results clearly show the existence of NOx‐dependent pathways leading to the formation of DMSO2, which could explain some of these experimental results in comparison with experimental measurements carried out in NOx‐free conditions. Our results indicate that the relative importance of the addition channel in the DMS oxidation process can be dependent on the NOx content of chamber experiments and of atmospheric conditions. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009
Large‐scale atmospheric circulation and global sea surface temperature associations with Horn of Africa June–September rainfall
Authors: Segele Zewdu T. , Lamb Peter J. , Leslie Lance M. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThis study uses correlation, regression, and composite analyses for the period 1970–1999 to explore the relationships between the June–September rainfall in the Horn of Africa (especially Ethiopian) and large‐scale regional atmospheric circulation patterns across Africa and the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, and global sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies. Abundant rainfall in the Horn of Africa is associated with enhanced westerlies across western and central Africa. These westerlies are produced by a stronger north‐east directed mean sea level pressure (MSLP) gradient resulting from MSLP intensification over the Gulf of Guinea and deepening of the monsoon trough across the Arabian Peninsula. This is reflected by a strong correlation (−0.71) between 5‐day (pentad) Ethiopian rainfall and the Gulf of Guinea minus the Arabian Peninsula MSLP difference. This correlation decreases to − 0.39 when the seasonal cycles are removed from both time series. A wet Horn of Africa monsoon is also associated with deep moist air extending up to mid‐troposphere and large water vapour transport convergence across much of Ethiopia, a strong Somali low‐level jet, and a strong tropical easterly jet (TEJ). Although there are large changes in TEJ strength, the position of the jet axis shows little variation between wet and dry events. Associated with the TEJ, the strongest upper level divergence occurs at 100 hPa, where the raw/de‐seasonalized zonal wind speed correlates negatively (−0.71/− 0.23) with the corresponding Ethiopian rainfall at the pentad time‐scale. Furthermore, SSTs over the equatorial Pacific, Indian, and southern Atlantic Oceans correlate strongly with contemporary Ethiopian summer rainfall. In general, Ethiopian rainfall is suppressed during El Niño and enhanced during La Niña. This identification and documentation of the regional atmospheric circulation patterns and global SST anomalies directly linked to rainfall variability over Ethiopia/Horn of Africa, are crucial for developing statistical prediction schemes and designing climate model simulations for the region on intra‐seasonal to inter‐annual time‐scales. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Surgical management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: Analysis of outcome with respect to surgical margins and technique
Authors: Everett Marc , Gutman Haim 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThis report reviews the methods and goals of treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), the most common mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. GISTs express CD117, which serves as an immunohistochemical diagnostic marker. Surgical excision is the definitive treatment for all primary GISTs greater than 2 cm without evidence of peritoneal seeding or metastasis. Preoperative or intraoperative biopsy is not indicated except when the differential diagnosis includes another type of malignancy. Resection may be performed by traditional open surgery or by laparoscopic or laparoscopy‐assisted procedures. Regardless of the approach, oncological precautions must be strictly observed. Tumor disruption is to be avoided at all costs; tumor enucleation leaves a tumor‐seeded pseudocapsule behind and is considered insufficient. Because GISTs rarely metastasize through the lymphatics, routine lymphadenectomy is not indicated. The importance of achieving negative microscopic margins is controversial, although patients who undergo incomplete microscopic resection may be at greater risk of locoregional recurrence. Other factors, such as tumor grade and size, may play a more significant role in predicting recurrence. Cases of advanced disease or involvement of adjacent structures should be evaluated on an individual basis by a multidisciplinary team. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;98:588–593. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Resection margins in modern rectal cancer surgery
Authors: Wasserberg Nir , Gutman Haim 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAt present, the preferred treatment for rectal cancer is low anterior resection with total mesorectal excision and sphincter preservation. Complete removal of the tumor's lymphatic and vascular pad with free resection margins has led to a reduction in rates of local recurrence and improved disease‐specific survival. In addition to the distal and proximal margins from the tumor edge, for an optimal outcome, it is essential to consider distal mesorectal spread and the circumferential mesorectal margin. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;98:611–615. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effect of margins on the clinical management of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast
Authors: Meijnen Philip , Gilhuijs Kenneth G. , Rutgers Emiel J.Th. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractComplete excision is key to successful breast‐conserving treatment for patients diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Patients with extensive DCIS should be considered the choice of mastectomy (followed by reconstruction), while for smaller DCIS breast‐conserving treatment should be performed by complete excision. This review reports on the effect of margins on the clinical management of patients with a diagnosis of DCIS. The role of preoperative imaging including MRI, surgical procedures, and pathology are described. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;98:579–584. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Facile Access to an Efficient Solid‐Supported Click Catalyst System Based on Poly(ethyleneimine)
Authors: Bonami Lies , Van Camp Wim , Van Rijckegem Dieter , Du Prez Filip E. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA novel heterogeneous copper(I) catalyst system, which is based on readily available poly(ethyleneimine), has been used as a recyclable catalyst for Cu(I) catalyzed “click” 1,3 dipolar cycloaddition reactions of azides and alkynes in organic media. Branched poly(ethyleneimine) was first methylated and then cross‐linked with 1,9‐dibromononane. Subsequently, after the immobilization of Cu(I)Br, this system was applied for heterogeneous copper catalyzed click chemistry of a few model reagents and polymeric compounds.magnified image
Power and limitations of electrophoretic separations in proteomics strategies
Authors: Rabilloud Thierry , Vaezzadeh Ali R. , Potier Noelle , Lelong Cécile , Leize‐Wagner Emmanuelle , Chevallet Mireille 
Published: December 2008

AbstractProteomics can be defined as the large‐scale analysis of proteins. Due to the complexity of biological systems, it is required to concatenate various separation techniques prior to mass spectrometry. These techniques, dealing with proteins or peptides, can rely on chromatography or electrophoresis. In this review, the electrophoretic techniques are under scrutiny. Their principles are recalled, and their applications for peptide and protein separations are presented and critically discussed. In addition, the features that are specific to gel electrophoresis and that interplay with mass spectrometry (i.e., protein detection after electrophoresis, and the process leading from a gel piece to a solution of peptides) are also discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 28:816–843, 2009
Analysis of p53 mutations in histologically normal lung tissues and lung tumors from non‐small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Gao Weimin , Mady Hussam H. , Melhem Mona F. , Keohavong Phouthone 
Published: December 2008

AbstractOur previous study showed a characteristic p53 mutational spectrum in lung tumors from lung cancer patients in the Western Pennsylvania region. To further understand the involvement of p53 mutations in lung tumor development, in this study we compared p53 mutational spectra and distribution between tumor cells taken from lung tumor tissue and histologically normal cells taken from tumor‐surrounding tissue obtained from 122 lung cancer patients [67 adenocarcinomas (ACs) and 55 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs)]. Overall, mutations were detected in exons 5–8 of the p53 gene in cell samples from 39.3% (48/122) of the patients. Twenty‐four mutations were found among the ACs (35.8%, 24/67) and consisted mostly of G to T transversions at codon 248 in either only the tumor tissue (12 cases, 50%), or only the histologically normal tissue (2 cases, 8.3%), or both tissue types (10 cases, 41.7%). Among the SCCs, 24 mutations of both transition and transversion types were detected at multiple codons in either only the tumor tissue (17 cases, 70.8%), or only the histologically normal tissue (3 cases, 12.5%), or both tissues (4 cases, 16.7%). Overall, the distribution of mutations among the tumor tissue and histologically normal tissue was not significantly different between the ACs and SCCs (P > 0.05). In both groups, the mutations in the histologically normal tissue may be identical to or different from those in the tumor tissue. Therefore, p53 mutations are frequent in tumor‐surrounding histologically normal tissue, and some of them might be involved in lung carcinogenesis. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Resveratrol addiction: To die or not to die
Authors: Shakibaei Mehdi , Harikumar Kuzhuvelil B. , Aggarwal Bharat B. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractResveratrol, a polyphenol derived from red grapes, berries, and peanuts, has been shown to mediate death of a wide variety of cells. The mechanisms by which resveratrol mediates cell death include necrosis, apoptosis, autophagy, and others. While most studies suggest that resveratrol kills tumor cells selectively, evidence is emerging that certain normal cells such as endothelial cells, lymphocytes, and chondrocytes are vulnerable to resveratrol. Cell killing by this stilbene may be mediated through any of numerous mechanisms that involve activation of mitochondria and of death caspases; upregulation of cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitors, tumor suppressor gene products, or death‐inducing cytokines and cytokine receptors; or downregulation of cell survival proteins (survivin, cFLIP, cIAPs, X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), bcl‐2, bcl‐XL) or inhibition of cell survival kinases (e.g., mitogen‐activiated protein kinases (MAPKs), AKT/phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K), PKC, EGFR kinase) and survival transcription factors (nuclear factor‐kappaB (NF‐κB), activating protein 1 (AP‐1), HIF‐1α, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3)). Induction of any of these pathways by resveratrol leads to cell death. While cell death is a hallmark of resveratrol, this polyphenol also has been linked with suppression of inflammation, arthritis, and cardiovascular diseases and delaying of aging. These attributes of resveratrol are discussed in detail in this review.
Acoustic modelling by BEM–FEM coupling procedures taking into account explicit and implicit multi‐domain decomposition techniques
Authors: Soares Delfim 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe numerical modelling of interacting acoustic media by boundary element method–finite element method (BEM–FEM) coupling procedures is discussed here, taking into account time‐domain approaches. In this study, the global model is divided into different sub‐domains and each sub‐domain is analysed independently (considering BEM or FEM discretizations): the interaction between the different sub‐domains of the global model is accomplished by interface procedures. Numerical formulations based on FEM explicit and implicit time‐marching schemes are discussed, resulting in direct and optimized iterative BEM–FEM coupling techniques. A multi‐level time‐step algorithm is considered in order to improve the flexibility, accuracy and stability (especially when conditionally stable time‐marching procedures are employed) of the coupled analysis. At the end of the paper, numerical examples are presented, illustrating the potentialities and robustness of the proposed methodologies. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Similarity reductions of a nonlinear model for vibrations of beams
Authors: Bruzón M. S. , Camacho J. C. , Gandarias M. L. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractIn this paper we find exact solutions for a beam equation. We make a full analysis of the symmetry reductions of this equation by using the classical Lie method of infinitesimals. We present some explicit solutions: compacton solutions. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
On characteristic polynomials of vertex‐ and edge‐weighted molecular graphs
Authors: Dorninger Dietmar 
Published: December 2008

AbstractExplicit as well as recursive formulas are derived to determine the characteristic polynomials of arbitrarily weighted molecular graphs and the influence of substitutions of atoms with different weights. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Multi‐frequency mode‐locked lasers
Authors: Farnum Edward D. , Kutz J. Nathan 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA new theoretical model is constructed which describes the operation of multi‐frequency, pulsed mode‐locked laser cavities. The model, which is a combination of multi channel interactions in the canonical master mode‐locking model subject to three different gain models which account for both self‐ and cross‐saturation effects, results in mode‐locking dynamics which qualitatively describe the observed experimental dual‐frequency laser operation. Specifically, the combination of self‐ and cross‐saturation in the gain allows for mode‐locking at two frequencies simultaneously, which can be of significantly different energies and pulsewidths. The model gives a framework for understanding the operation and stability of the increasingly important and timely technology of dual‐ and multi‐frequency mode‐locked laser cavities. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Arobust algorithm for parametric model order reduction
Authors: Feng Lihong , Benner Peter 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA robust algorithm for computing reduced‐order models of parametric systems is proposed. Theoretical considerations suggest that our algorithm is more robust than previous algorithms based on explicit multi‐moment matching. Moreover, numerical simulation results show that the proposed algorithm yields more accurate approximations than traditional non‐parametric model reduction methods and parametric model reduction methods based on explicitly computing moments. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
GetDP: a general finite‐element solver for the de Rham complex
Authors: Geuzaine Christophe 
Published: December 2008

AbstractGetDP is a high‐level finite element solver using mixed elements to discretize de Rham‐type complexes in one, two and three dimensions. This paper presents an overview of the structure of GetDP, highlighting the closeness between the organization of data defining a discrete problem and its symbolic mathematical description. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)