bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parapharyngeal abscess: a rare complication of elective tonsillectomy
Authors: McEwan J. A. , Dhingra J. , Rowe-Jones J. , Bleach N. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a case of parapharyngeal abscess complicating an elective tonsillectomy in a healthy thirty-three- year-old woman. The clinical features and management of this very rare complication are discussed. In addition, we review the possible aetiology and pathogenesis of this potentially life-threatening condition.
Laryngeal tuberculosis at the end of the 20th century
Authors: Kandiloros D. C. , Nikolopoulos T. P. , Ferekidis E. A. , Tsangaroulakis A. , Yiotakis J. E. , Davilis D. , Adamopoulos G. K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDespite the dramatic reduction in the incidence of laryngeal tuberculosis after the 1950s, the topic has now gained new interest due to claims that the disease has changed its clinical pattern. In the past, the typical patient was 20–40 years old with ulcerated laryngeal lesions, perichondritis, and advanced cavitary lung disease. We studied nine cases of laryngeal tuberculosis confirmed by histological examination. The microlaryngoscopy revealed tumour-like lesions and/or chronic non-specific laryngitis. There were no significant ulcerations or signs of perichondritis. The patients' ages ranged from 48.5 years to 69.3 years (mean, 59.4 years). In three of our patients (33 per cent) we did not find any pulmonary involvement, thus suggesting primary laryngeal tuberculosis or haematogenous spread. In conclusion, the numerous physicians who deal with the various laryngeal symptoms and diseases should be aware of the existence of laryngeal tuberculosis and the changing patterns of the disease (at least in the developed countries).
Penetrating oral foreign body presenting as an aural polyp
Authors: Law S. , Watters G. W. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of a penetrating oral foreign body presenting with an aural polyp is described. The possibility of a penetrating oral injury should be considered whenever a child's fall is unwitnessed, as it is easily overlooked. An underlying foreign body should be considered in cases where an aural polyp fails to respond to standard therapy. MRI may be the best imaging technique to identify plastic foreign material.
The role of surgery in tuberculous mastoiditis: appropriate chemotherapy is not always enough
Authors: Weiner Graeme M. , O'Connell J. E. , Pahor A. L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe present a case of tuberculous otitis media in which a facial palsy occurred after the start of appropriate chemotherapy. To our knowledge this circumstance has not been described previously. It has been argued that radical surgery is completely unnecessary if chemotherapy is commenced early in the disease. We would suggest that this is not always the case, and would advocate a more measured approach.
T cell lymphoma of the ear presenting as mastoiditis
Authors: Danino Joshua , Joachims Henry Z. , Ben-Arieh Yehudith , Hefer Tsila , Weyl-Ben-Arush Miriam 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMastoiditis is a complication of otitis media characterized by suppuration and destruction of air cell septa in the mastoid and petrous pyramid. Diagnosis is made by clinical findings and computerized tomography (CT) of the temporal bone. We present a patient initially diagnosed by CT as having chronic mastoiditis who was subsequently shown to have an unusual large-cell malignant lymphoma of T cell type.
Tuberculoma of the cheek: a case report
Authors: Hathiram Bachi T. , Grewal D. S. , Irani D. K. , Tankwal Paresh M. , Patankar Manish 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTuberculoma of the cheek in the absence of tuberculosis elsewhere in the body is rarely seen and hence rarely thought of as a differential diagnosis when such a patient presents.In the following case, the patient was provisionally diagnosed as carcinoma of the cheek because of the exophytic nature of the growth and its presentation. However, histopathology of a biopsy revealed tuberculoma and the response to antituberculous therapy was rapid and curative.
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the tonsil
Authors: Gangopadhyay Kunal , Mahasin Zeyad Z. , Kfoury Hala , Ali M. Ashraf 
Published: November 2007

AbstractInflammatory myofibroblastic tumours are aetiologically enigmatic, nosologically confusing and biologically unpredictable lesions. The lungs are the organs of apparent predilection. These tumours have also been documented in a number of extrapulmonary sites including the head and neck. So far only two cases of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the tonsil have been reported in the English literature. We document another case, occurring in a 41-year-old man with history of cadaveric renal transplant nine years ago. A comprehensive review of the literature is also presented.
Post-tonsillectomy bacteraemia in children
Authors: Walsh R. M. , Kumar B. N. , Tse A. , Jones P. W. , Wilson P. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIt has been postulated that the bacteraemia rate following guillotine tonsillectomy is lower than that following dissection tonsillectomy due to intra-operative compression of tonsillar blood vessels by the guillotine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of bacteraemia following dissection and guillotine tonsillectomy. Sixty-four patients undergoing elective tonsillectomy for recurrent acute tonsillitis were randomly selected, 32 underwent dissection tonsillectomy and 32 guillotine tonsillectomy. Positive intra-operative blood cultures were obtained in 16 patients (25 %), nine (28.1 %) of the dissection group and seven (21.8 %) of the guillotine group. There was no significant difference between the two methods (Chi-squared test, p = 0.77).
Systemic absorption of gentamicin ear drops
Authors: Green K. M. J. , Lappin D. W. P. , Curley J. W. A. , de Carpentier J. P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAminoglycoside-containing topical preparations are commonly used in the treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media and otitis externa. We report a case where systemic absorption of topical Gentisone HC™ occurred producing a serum gentamicin level of 6.2 μg/ml.
‘Bath-plug’ technique for the endoscopic management of cerebrospinal fluid leaks
Authors: Wormald P. J. , McDonogh Mike 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn the past cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks were managed via a craniotomy with intradural repair. With the advent of endoscopic sinus surgery, transnasal repair has become more popular. The comparatively low morbidity and high success rate of endoscopic repair has made it the treatment of choice for CSF leak repair. As more surgeons practice endoscopic sinus surgery, the incidence of iatrogenic CSF leaks has increased. It is important that endoscopic sinus surgeons be aware of the techniques for closing such leaks. The aim of this study is to present a new technique for the endoscopic repair of CSF leaks. Since the technique was devised the authors have used the technique on six patients. All patients had lumbar drains inserted and five patients had intra-thecal fluorescein inserted for location of the leak. All repairs have been successful with an average follow-up of 13 months. The technique consists of introducing a fat plug with a specifically secured vicryl suture into the intradural space and placing traction on the suture to seal the defect much as a bath plug seals a bath. There were no complications in any of the patients either intra- or post-operatively. The difficulties and possible complications of the technique as well as the use of a lumbar drain and intra-thecal fluorescein are discussed.
Rosai-Dorfman disease presenting as a parotid mass
Authors: Norman L. , Bateman A. C. , Watters G. W. R. , Singh V. , Spedding A. V. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) is a rare, benign disease of unknown aetiology. This disease typically presents with massive, painless cervical lymphadenopathy but may occur in a wide variety of extranodal sites. Our report describes a 71-year-old man who presented with a discrete, unilateral parotid mass which was clinically suggestive of a primary salivary gland tumour. Initial cytological examination of a fine needle aspirate specimen taken from the mass demonstrated a discohesive cell population with nuclear atypia, raising the possibility of malignancy. However, excision of the mass and histological examination enabled a definitive diagnosis to be made.
The Midland Institute of Otology and its Founder: William Stirk Adams (1896–1978)
Authors: Pahor A. L. , Stansbie J. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTo celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the establishment of the Midland Institute of Otology (MIO) a. meeting was held in the Belfry Hotel, West Midlands, 19–21 September 1997. The meeting comprised an excellent academic conference, social events and a golf tournament. A report on the academic conference has been published (Stansbie and Pahor, 1997).The MIO has been established to further the cause of ENT in the Midlands and it has succeeded in its aim to a great extent. An historical overview of the Institute is of interest and would serve perhaps as a model for similar organizations, especially in the provinces.The Institute was the brainchild of William Stirk Adams. He remained the President from the conception of the Institute till his death.It is befitting to present a biography of such a dedicated personality.
Complications of palatoplasty for snoring or sleep apnoea
Authors: Lee W. C. , Skinner D. W. , Prichard A. J. N. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA questionnaire was sent to consultant Otolaryngologists (483) throughout the UK to identify any mortality associated with uvulopalatoplasty and other forms of palatoplasties for snoring and/or obstructive sleep apnoea. The response rate was 76.8 per cent (371). Six intra- and post-operative deaths were reported and four were known to have obstructive sleep apnoea. Life-threatening morbidity occurred in at least seven patients (three known apnoeic), two required immediate tracheostomy and two were managed in the intensive care unit. This suggests that the apnoeic patients undergoing palatoplasties experienced significant mortality and morbidity. Pre-operative sleep study should be performed in all snoring patients to identify the apnoeic subgroup. Continuous positive airway pressure, management of excessive obesity, elective tracheostomy and other strategies should be first considered before palatoplasties in these patients.
A Case of intractable epistaxis
Authors: El Jassar P. , Moraitis D. , Spencer M. , Sissions G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe surgical management of intractable epistaxis by external carotid artery ligation may become complicated if there is a high bifurcation of the common carotid artery. Occlusion of the bleeding vessels by catheter embolization is described in a patient in whom exploratio n of the neck had failed to locate the external carotid artery.
Vocal fold abductor paralysis as a solitary and fatal manifestation of multiple system atrophy
Authors: Hughes R. G. M. , Gibbin K. P. , Lowe J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA patient is presented who had bilateral abductor vocal fold paralysis pathologically proven to be due to multiple system atrophy (MSA) in the absence of other neurological features. MSA is a degenerative neurological condition that includes olivopontocerebellar atrophy, Shy-Drager syndrome and striatonigral degeneration. The usual predominant features of MSA are cerebellar ataxia, autonomic dysfunction and Parkinsonism. Stridor is present in over one third of patients and has been reported previously as a presenting symptom in MSA: however previously reported patients have always gone on to develop other neurological symptoms. The usual investigations of bilateral abductor vocal fold paralysis caused by MSA will not reveal the pathological process and we believe that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the medulla and brain stem and autonomic function tests are probably the investigations of choice. It is a worthwhile exercise attempting to identify MSA as the cause of stridor as the prognosis is good in the medium term if appropriate support is offered.
Granular cell tumour of the larynx
Authors: Victoria Luis V. , Hoffman Henry T. , Robinson Robert A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractGranular cell tumour (GCT) is a benign tumour with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm filled with granules of varying sizes. These granules are the defining characteristic of the GCT and are believed to represent lysosomes in varying stages of fragmentation. The commonly used term granular cell myoblastoma, found in the older literature, is a misnomer because the tumour is clearly not of muscle origin. Among the major theories of origin, some support the tumour's derivation from neuronal tissue, histiocytes, fibroblast or Schwann cells. In the larynx, pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia may predispose to confuse the GCT with squamous cell carcinoma.The most common region of GCT is in the head and neck, accounting for approximately 30 to 50 per cent of all lesions. The larynx is relatively an uncommon location for these tumours, accounting for approximately three to 10 per cent of the reported cases.Affected patients typically present with persistent hoarseness, stridor, haemoptysis, dysphagia, and otalgia, but the tumour may be asymptomatic and be discovered only incidentally during a routine examination.Complete excision with an attempt to maintain normal stuctures generally results in cure.We present the case of a patient with typical features of a GCT of the larynx. The gross appearance, histopathology and brief discussion of the current literature are also presented.
Changes in the male voice at puberty: vocal fold length and its relationship to the fundamental frequency of the voice
Authors: Harries Meredydd , Hawkins Sarah , Hacking Jeremy , Hughes Ieuan 
Published: November 2007

AbstractUltrasound measurements of the vocal folds were taken for a number of boys passing through puberty. The boys were grouped according to their pubertal stage as defined by Tanner and there was a gradual increase in the length of the vocal folds as puberty progressed. The fundamental frequency of the boys' speaking voice was recorded via laryngography and a good correlation between the length of the vocal folds and the frequency of the voice was seen. The sudden drop in frequency seen between Tanner stages 3 and 4 did not correlate with similar changes in the length of the vocal folds at this time but stroboscopic findings suggest a change in the structure and mass of the vocal folds at this time of maximum frequency change.
The predictive value of p53, MDM-2, cyclin D1 and Ki67 in the progression from low-grade dysplasia towards carcinoma of the larynx
Authors: Pignataro Lorenzo , Capaccio Pasquale , Pruneri Giancarlo , Carboni Nadia , Buffa Roberto , Neri Antonino , Ottaviani Antonio 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTo evaluate the predictive role of the oncogenes p53, MDM-2 and cyclin D1, and the proliferative marker Ki67, in the progression from low-grade dysplasia to carcinoma of the larynx. We studied immunohistochemically a series of 32 low-grade pre-neoplastic laryngeal lesions, 10 of which progressed to invasive carcinoma. Immunoreactivity in more than 10 per cent of the dysplastic cells was detected in five cases immunostained with anti-p53 (≈ 15 per cent), in two with anti-MDM-2 (≈ six per cent), and 11 with anti-Ki67 antibodies (≈ 34 per cent), whereas none of the cases showed cyclin D1 overexpression. No significant association was found between p53 and MDM-2 immunoreactivity and the evolution to carcinoma; on the contrary, Ki67 expression was detectable in all but one of the 10 cases developing an infiltrative tumour (90 per cent), and in two of the 22 cases that did not progress (≈ nine per cent) (p = 0.01). These findings indicate that immunohistochemical assessment of the proliferative index in bioptic samples of dysplastic laryngeal mucosa may be useful in selecting patients who should undergo a more specific follow-up evaluation.
Vocal fold palsy following vinca alkaloid treatment
Authors: Burns B. V. , Shotton J. C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report two patients with Hodgkin's disease on chemotherapy, one with vincristine, the other with vinblastine, who were referred to the ENT department with a vocal fold palsy. These drugs are commonly used in the treatment of haematological malignancies, and head and neck sarcomas. Examination showed a unilateral immobile fold. No causative local pathology was identified, and they were otherwise thought to be achieving remission, but the development of a fold palsy suggested a poor response to treatment. One patient's palsy resolved following completion of chemotherapy, but the other patient's persists, despite an otherwise good response to the treatment. The vinca alkaloids are neurotoxic, usually causing a peripheralneuropathy, but cranial mononeuropathies are a rare side-effect. A total of 27 previous cases of vocal fold palsy have been reported with the use of the vinca alkaloids, and such a lesion should not be assumed to be due to advancing lymphoma.
Laryngeal aspergillosis in an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patient
Authors: Delbrouck C. , Chantrain G. , Kampouridis S. , Petein M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAspergillosis is a rare infection. It varies considerably in its virulence depending on whether or not the patient affected is immunodepressed. The serious form is characterized by vascular invasion with haematogenic dissemination, tissue infarction andnecrosis. The most often affected site is the lung. A laryngeal localization is exceptional and usually results from dissemination from a lower airways portal of entry. Diagnosisis difficult: cultures are only positive in 50 per cent of cases, while in 60 per cent of cases the characteristic histological features reminiscent of sprigs of mistletoe are only found on postmortem examination. In view of the high morbidity and mortality in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) sufferers, this condition must be treated early and aggressively. Treatment is based essentially on amphotericin B and itraconazole.
Polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of parotid gland tuberculosis
Authors: Güneri Enis Alpin , İkiz Ahmet Ömer , Atabey Nese , İzci Özlem , Sütay Semih 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA parotid gland mass with presenting features of malignancy is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The histological nature of the lesion must be clearly determined before proceeding with facial nerve sacrificing surgery. Although rare, tuberculosis of the parotid gland must be included in the differential diagnosis of a parotid gland mass especially when the social characteristics of the patient suggests a mycobacterial infection. Primary tuberculosis of the parotid gland is generally encountered among populations with a high incidence of pulmonary disease. The difficulty in the differential diagnosis of a parotid gland malignancy may be helped by a high degree of clinical suspicion, since laboratory tests generally do not identify the specific causative organism. This article reports the first case of parotid gland tuberculosis with clinical and radiodiagnostical features simulating malignancy in which the diagnosis was confirmed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Cyclin Dl expression as a prognostic factor in advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Nishimura Goshi , Tsukuda Mamoru , Zhou Li-Xin , Furukawa Shigeru , Baba Yuh 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHypopharyngeal carcinoma (HPC) has a poor prognosis. We investigated the expression of cyclin D1 in 34 advanced HPCs, and the value of cyclin D1 expression was evaluated as a predictive marker in terms of the prognosis of HPC, compared with other clinical factors. Using immunohistochemical staining, 20 of 34 patients showed positive immunoreactivity for cyclin D1. The statistical trend of the survival rate was lower in the cyclin Di-positive patients than in the cyclin D-negative ones (p = 0.0805). The predictive factors for the survival rate were effectiveness of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (F = 8.698) (p = 0.0066), cyclin D1 expression (F = 6.244) (p = 0.0191) and N classification (F = 5.037) (p = 0.0335). The cyclin D1-positive patients had approximately four-fold higher mortality than the cyclin D1-negative ones. These data indicate that the expression of cyclin D1 in advanced patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma is a useful marker for prognosis.
Use of a disposable electrode for recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring
Authors: Srinivasan V. , Premachandra D. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOur experience with a non-invasive, disposable electrode for intra-operative identification and monitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve is described. The electrode system, while simply attached to the endotracheal tube, acts as a laryngeal surface electrode and detects electromyographic activity of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles when the recurrent laryngeal nerve is stimulated. We have successfully used this electrode to monitor 19 recurrent laryngeal nerves in 15 patients who have undergone partial or total thyroidectomy. We feel that this device can be useful particularly in cases of re-exploration and malignancies of the thyroid gland.
Lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukaemia presenting as perichondritis or the pinna
Authors: Indudharan R. , Arni T. , Myint K. K. , Jackson N. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractExtra-nodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of the pinna has only been reported once in a patient with immunodeficiency. We report an unusual case of lymphoblastic lymphoma in a patient without any immunodeficiency, presenting as an inflammatory lesion of the pinna, which illustrates the need to biopsy any nonhealing lesion as soon as possible to ensure that such a treatable malignancy is diagnosed at an early stage.
Laser assisted uvulopalatoplasty: six and eighteen month results
Authors: Wareing Michael J. , Callanan Vincent P. , Mitchell David B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOur ongoing evaluation of the results of laser assisted uvulopalatoplasty (LAUP) for snoring is presented. Follow-up between 18 and 24 months post-treatment completion, of patients with a successful result at six months, reveals that 22 per cent of these patients suffer failure of snoring control between these two evaluation points. This equates to an overall success rate at this time of 55 percent.LAUP, like other surgical remedies for snoring, has a continued relapse rate. This must be considered when counselling patients.
Choroid metastasis of undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Özyar Enis , Kiratli Hayyam , Akbulut Serap , Uzal Dilek , Atahan I. Lale 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChoroid metastasis of primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an infrequent event. Here, we report a case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with metastases to the choroid successfully treated by external beam radiotherapy.
Idiopathic diffuse erosion of the skull base presenting as cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea
Authors: Conboy P. J. , Johnson I. J. M. , Jaspan T. , Jones N. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe present an unusual case of generalized erosion of the skull base. We have not found a similar case reported in the world literature. The presenting symptom was spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhoea which arose from a bony defect associated with herniation of the right temporal lobe into the sphenoid sinus. We discuss the management of such a case including imaging of the skull base and the endoscopic repair of the bony defect.