bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Domestic violence against women during COVID-19 pandemic and its associated factors among Bench Sheko zone, southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Mesafint Gebremeskel , Shifera Nigusie , Sayih Alemayehu 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Domestic violence is an intimate relationship that causes physical, sexual or mental suffering. The ongoing coronavirus pandemic has had a ruinous effect globally, particularly in increasing the rate of domestic violence. Thus, this study aims to assess the prevalence of domestic violence against women during the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated factors.

Design/methodology/approach
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on Bench Sheko Zone residents from May to June 2021. Participants in the study were selected by multistage sampling technique. The collected data were coded, entered into EpiData 3.1 and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Bi-variable and multiple logistic regression analysis models were fitted. Odds ratio was used at a 95% confidence level, and P-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.

Findings
A total of 1,512 eligible women participated, with a 98.3% response rate. The proportion of domestic violence against women was 42.5%. The prevalence of psychological violence was 30.4%, followed by physical violence at 20.2% and sexual violence accounted for 9.6%. Variables, such as rural residency, women with no formal education, partner who had no formal education, women with monthly income of less than 25,00 Ethiopian birr and partner who was current substance user, were found to be associated with domestic violence against women.

Practical implications
Domestic violence against women is still an important public health problem in Ethiopia. Special attention should be paid to identified predictors to reduce domestic violence beyond designing prevention and control strategies along with coronavirus pandemic intervention plan.

Originality/value
The findings of this study show domestic violence against women is still an important public health problem in Ethiopia. Special attention should be paid to identified predictors to reduce domestic violence beyond designing prevention and control strategies, along with the coronavirus pandemic intervention plan.
Economic freedom and banks' risk-taking in Japan: a tale of two sides
Authors: Abbas Faisal , Ali Shoaib , Suleman Muhammad Tahir 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThis study examined how economic freedom and its related components, such as open markets, regulatory efficiency, rule of law and the size of government, affect bank risk behavior, focusing on the Japanese context.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs a two-step GMM framework on the annual data of Japanese banks ranging from 2005 to 2020 to empirically test the hypotheses. Furthermore, we also use the ordinary least square method to ensure the robustness of our mainline findings.FindingsThe finding suggests that economic freedom increases the banks' risk-taking, thus making them fragile. The results also highlight that out of the four main subcomponents of economic freedom, regulatory efficiency and government size increase bank risk-taking, while the rule of law and open markets decrease banks' risk-taking. Additionally, we examine how the banks' specific characteristics affect the results by creating a subsample based on capitalization and liquidity ratios. Overall, the results are consistent with the baseline findings. Moreover, the results are robust to alternative proxy measures of risk.Practical implicationsThe study's findings have several implications for regulators and policymakers. The results suggest that regulators and policymakers should reconsider their strategies for economic freedom to ensure that they promote stability in the banking system and reduce banks' risk-taking inclinations.Originality/valueAlthough previous studies have examined the impact of economic freedom on bank stability and risk-taking, this study is the first to do so in the Japanese context, contributing to the literature by providing new insights and empirical evidence.
Benefits realization in digital transformation: the translation from policy to practice in health care
Authors: Isik Leman , Nilsson Christina , Magnusson Johan , Koutsikouri Dina 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
While digital transformation holds immense promise, organizations often fail to realize its benefits. This study aims to address how policies for digital transformation benefits realization are translated into practice.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors apply a qualitative, comparative case study of two large, public-sector health care organizations in Sweden. Through document and interview data, the authors analyze the process of translation.

Findings
The study finds that practice variation is primarily caused by two types of decoupling: policy-practice and means-ends. Contrary to previous studies, coercion in policy compliance is not found to decrease practice variation.

Research limitations/implications
The limitations primarily stem from the empirical selection of two large public health-care organizations in Sweden, affecting the study’s generalizability. Reducing practice variation is more effectively achieved through goal alignment than coercion, leading to implications for the design of governance and control.

Practical implications
Policymakers should, instead of focusing on control-related compliance, work to align organizational objectives and policies to decrease practice variation for successful benefits realization.

Social implications
The study contributes to better benefits realization of digital transformation initiatives in health care. As such, the authors contribute to a better functioning and more transformative health care in times of increased demand and decreased supply of health-care services.

Originality/value
The study challenges conventional wisdom by identifying that coercion is less effective than goal alignment in reducing practice variation, thereby enhancing the understanding of policy implementation dynamics in health-care settings.
The world from the perspective of digital nomads: exploring sentiments in destination reviews
Authors: Özgen Çiğdemli Aslı Özge , Yayla Şeyda , Çiğdemli Bülent Semih 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThis study aims to explore the emotional landscapes and spatial preferences of digital nomads, focusing on how sentiments expressed in destination reviews influence their mobility and destination choices.Design/methodology/approachEmploying a lexicon-based sentiment analysis of social media comments and reviews, alongside advanced geographical information systems (GIS) mapping techniques, the study analyzes the emotional tones that digital nomads associate with various destinations worldwide.FindingsThe analysis reveals significant patterns of emotional sentiments, with trust and joy being predominant in preferred destinations. Spatial patterns identified through GIS mapping highlight the global distribution of these sentiments, underscoring the importance of emotional well-being in destination choice.Practical implicationsInsights from this study offer valuable guidance for Destination Management Organizations (DMOs) in strategic planning, enhancing destination appeal through targeted marketing strategies that resonate with the emotional preferences of digital nomads.Originality/valueThis research introduces a novel approach by integrating sentiment analysis with GIS to map the emotional and spatial dynamics of digital nomadism, contributing a new perspective to the literature on tourism and mobility.
Tackling barriers to (beneficial) housing mobility
Authors: Barker Andrew , Korczak‐Krzeczowski Aaron 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHousing mobility can provide welfare benefits to households who move to more suitable housing, while also enabling productivity gains through better matching of skills to jobs. Compared with other developed countries, Australians regularly move home, but rarely do so for work. Tenure security for private renters is low and in stark contrast to the United States, Australian renters are more likely to be forced to move by their landlord than choose to move for work. Reforms are recommended to level the playing field, by removing landlords' capacity to evict tenants without due cause and enabling greater entry of institutional investors into the housing market. Opportunities to reduce barriers to moving for owner–occupiers are identified: stamp duties could be replaced with less distortionary forms of taxation and exclusion of the family home in pension asset testing should be reviewed, as this exclusion discourages downsizing where doing so would reduce pension income.
SOCIOSPATIAL FORMATION OF MIDDLE‐CLASS DISTINCTION: The Educated Middle Classes in Neo‐urban India
Authors: Singh Smriti 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this article I examine the simultaneous expansion of urban sprawl and influx of middle‐class migrants in the context of Gurugram, India, to highlight how physical and social space plays an integral role in shaping class distinction among the migrant middle classes. I make a case for social class, generally, and migrant middle classes in neo‐urban contexts, specifically, to be understood as a sociospatial category. My arguments build primarily on Bourdieu's argument that both physical and social space operates on similar principles of reciprocal externality of positions in the context of social class distinction. I highlight how the migrant middle classes formulate and consolidate their social class distinction against competing claims over sociospatial dominance of the local ancestral agrarian community in neo‐urban Gurugram, India. My findings highlight how existing local sociopolitical fractures interact with global capitalist circuits of capital to shape the sociospatial context in which social class distinction is formulated. The article allows for grounding theorizations of social class to accommodate local sociopolitical and sociospatial dynamics.
When do voters reveal candidate gender preferences? Evidence from individual‐level ballot data
Authors: BELSCHNER JANA , IBENSKAS RAIMONDAS , WEILER FLORIAN 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDoes candidate gender matter for vote choice? Whereas experimental research suggests an average preference for female candidates, observational studies tend to find null effects. In this note, we address the recent debate on how to measure voter preferences on the aggregate and the individual level. We argue that candidate gender preferences exist, but that whether and when they are revealed varies between and within voters. Drawing on an observational design and using data from over 500,000 individual ballots in Lithuanian elections, we employ multilevel regression and exponential random graph models to show how voters' candidate gender preferences are distributed across the electorate and how they vary in size and direction. We find that about half of all voters prefer either male or female candidates. Whereas preference for male candidates tends to be revealed in the first and second preference votes, preference for female candidates is first revealed in lower preference votes. Our results help explain contradictory findings in the literature and illustrate how observational data and methods can be used to assess voter preferences within electorates.
Digital opportunities for the distribution of index‐based microinsurance: Evidence from a discrete choice experiment in Mali
Authors: Kirchner Ella , Musshoff Oliver 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIndex‐based microinsurance is a promising risk management tool for smallholder farmers. Recently, several mobile‐delivered insurance schemes have entered the market. Depending on the degree of digitisation of the product, farmers can learn about the insurance, register, pay premiums and receive payouts via a mobile phone. As cell phone usage and network coverage constantly increase, digitally enabled insurance distribution may overcome previous barriers for insurance adoption. Still, farmers' preferences for these products remain largely unknown. We address this knowledge gap by means of a discrete choice experiment applied to 499 maize farmers in Mali. The experiment presents an easy‐to‐understand multi‐peril crop insurance linked to a greenness index. It focuses on attributes related to the distribution channel and product design. Using mixed logit models, we find that the insurance attributes enabled by mobile‐delivery are attractive to farmers. Product bundles that include mobile‐delivered weather information and agricultural advice in addition to the insurance policy or credit access increase the likelihood of farmers taking out insurance. Similarly, recommendations from fellow farmers increase interest in the insurance product. The results are highly relevant for future product improvements that are needed to increase adoption rates and ultimately realise the loss‐hedging potential of microinsurance.
The α subunit of AMP‐activated protein kinase is critical for the metabolic success and tachyzoite proliferation of Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Yang Xuke , Yang Jichao , Lyu Mengyu , Li Yaqiong , Liu Anqi , Shen Bang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractToxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite infecting humans and nearly all warm‐blooded animals. Successful parasitism in diverse hosts at various developmental stages requires the parasites to fine tune their metabolism according to environmental cues and the parasite's needs. By manipulating the β and γ subunits, we have previously shown that AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) has critical roles in regulating the metabolic and developmental programmes. However, the biological functions of the α catalytic subunit have not been established. T. gondii encodes a canonical AMPKα, as well as a KIN kinase whose kinase domain has high sequence similarities to those of classic AMPKα proteins. Here, we found that TgKIN is dispensable for tachyzoite growth, whereas TgAMPKα is essential. Depletion of TgAMPKα expression resulted in decreased ATP levels and reduced metabolic flux in glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, confirming that TgAMPK is involved in metabolic regulation and energy homeostasis in the parasite. Sequential truncations at the C‐terminus found an α‐helix that is key for the function of TgAMPKα. The amino acid sequences of this α‐helix are not conserved among various AMPKα proteins, likely because it is involved in interactions with TgAMPKβ, which only have limited sequence similarities to AMPKβ in other eukaryotes. The essential role of the less conserved C‐terminus of TgAMPKα provides opportunities for parasite specific drug designs targeting TgAMPKα.
Adolescent alcohol use is associated with differences in the diversity and composition of the oral microbiome
Authors: Browning Brittney D. , Kirkland Anna E. , Green Rejoyce , Liu Helen , Glover Janiece S. , Ticer Taylor D. , Engevik Mindy A. , Alekseyenko Alexander V. , Ferguson Pamela L. , Tomko Rachel L. , Squeglia Lindsay M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdolescence is a sensitive stage of oral microbial development that often coincides with the initiation and escalation of alcohol use. Thus, adolescents may be particularly susceptible to alcohol‐induced alterations in the oral microbiome, though minimal research has been done in this area. Understanding the connection between the oral microbiome and alcohol use during adolescence is important to understand fully the biological consequences of alcohol use to mitigate potential adverse outcomes.MethodsSaliva samples were collected from adolescents aged 17–19 who used alcohol heavily (n = 21, 52.4% female) and those who did not use alcohol or any other substances (n = 18, 44.4% female). We utilized 16S rRNA sequencing to examine differences in microbial diversity and composition between the groups.ResultsFor alpha diversity, evenness was significantly lower in the drinking group than the control group as indicated by Pielou's evenness, Shannon, and Simpson indices. There were no statistically significant findings for beta diversity. Differential abundance analyses revealed higher abundances of Rothia and Corynebacterium in the alcohol‐using group using both centered‐log‐ratio and relative abundance normalization. These genera are known for their high capacity to convert alcohol into acetaldehyde, a toxic metabolite reported to play a role in the neurobiological effects of alcohol. An unclassified Clostridia UCG‐014, Streptobacillus, Comamonas, unclassified Lachnospiraceae, and Parvimonas were also identified as significantly different between groups when using only one of the normalization techniques.ConclusionsThis is the first study designed specifically to compare the oral microbiome of adolescents who use alcohol with that of control participants. Our findings reveal distinct alcohol‐related differences in microbial composition and taxon abundance, emphasizing the importance of understanding the impact on the oral microbiome of alcohol use during adolescence. Because the oral microbiome is malleable, this study provides foundational work for future prevention and intervention studies.
Changes in ovarian tissue structure and distribution of oestrogen receptors in Huanghuai goats at different ages
Authors: Zhang Wenjing , Wang Laixiang , Hu Bo , Jin Mengmeng , Zhou Jinxing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo observe developmental changes in the ovarian tissue structure and distribution characteristics of oestrogen receptors (ERs) in the ovaries of Huanghuai goats at different ages, we selected healthy Huanghuai goats ewes and divided them into five groups (i.e. 3‐, 30‐, 60‐, 90‐ and 120‐day‐old groups), with 10 animals in each group. The serum was separated after blood collection through the jugular vein, and the contents of oestrogen (E) and progesterone (P) in the serum of Huanghuai goats at each age were determined. Three goats were randomly selected from each group and sacrificed after anaesthesia, and the ovarian tissue was quickly obtained and placed in 4% paraformaldehyde fixative to prepare the tissue sections. Using HE, oestrogen receptors were immunohistochemically stained and observed. These results showed many primordial follicles and occasional secondary follicles in the ovaries of 3‐day‐old Huanghuai goats. Ovarian reticular structures were observed in 30‐day‐old ovarian medulla, with occasional near‐mature growing follicles. Mature follicles and corpus luteum were occasionally detected in 60‐day‐old ovarian cortex. The 90–120‐day‐old ovarian cortices contained growing and mature follicles, and the number of mature follicles and corpora lutea increased, implying a significant luteal involution period. The E and P contents in the 120‐day‐old group were significantly higher than those in the 3‐, 30‐, 60‐ and 90‐day‐old groups. The levels of ERα and ERβ in the 3‐ and 30‐day‐old groups were mainly distributed in the granulosa cells of ovarian reproductive epithelial cells, primordial follicles, atretic follicles, and primary and secondary follicles. The ERα and ERβ levels of the 60‐, 90‐ and 120‐day‐old groups were also distributed in the granulosa cells and luteal cells of mature follicles, especially in the 120‐day‐old endometrial cells of mature follicles, where ERβ was distributed significantly. The overall expression of ERβ in the ovary was higher than that of ERα. The results of this study provide basic data on the ovarian development and the specific expression of ERs and PRs in the ovaries of Huanghuai white goats, which play an important role in ovarian development and precocity.
Analysis of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death from prospective, randomized clinical trials of acalabrutinib
Authors: Sharman Jeff P. , Ghia Paolo , Miranda Paulo , Bajwa Naghmana , Rule Simon , Shaw Bob , Seymour John F. 
Published: April 2024

SummaryThis analysis investigated the incidence of sudden deaths (SDs) and non‐fatal and fatal ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) in five acalabrutinib clinical trials. In total, 1299 patients received acalabrutinib (exposure, 4568.4 patient‐years). Sixteen (1.2%) patients experienced SD or VA (event rate, 0.350/100 patient‐years). Non‐fatal VAs occurred in 11 (0.8%) patients, nine (0.7%) of whom had premature ventricular contractions only. SD and fatal VAs occurred in five (0.4%) patients (event rate, 0.109/100 patient‐years; median time to event: 46.2 months). SDs and VAs with acalabrutinib occurred at low rates, and there are insufficient data to point to an increased risk of SD or VA with acalabrutinib.
Strawberry guava invasion of a Hawaiian rainforest: Changing population patterns
Authors: Denslow Julie S. , Johnson M. Tracy , Chaney Nancy L. , Farrer Emily C. , Horvitz Carol C. , Nussbaum Erin R. , Uowolo Amanda L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractStrawberry guava (waiawī, Psidium cattleyanum Sabine, Myrtaceae) is a small tree invasive on oceanic islands where it may alter forest ecosystem processes and community structure. To better understand the dynamics of its invasion in Hawaiian rainforests in anticipation of the release of a biocontrol agent, we measured growth and abundance of vertical stems ≥0.5 cm DBH for 16 years (2005–2020) in Metrosideros‐Cibotium rainforest on windward Hawai'i Island. Specifically, we compared the growth and abundance of both shoots (originating from seed or from the root mat) and sprouts (originating above ground from established stems) in four replicate study sites. Mean stem density increased from 9562 stems/ha in 2005 to 26,595 stems/ha in 2020, the majority of which were stems <2 cm DBH. Early in the invasion, both density and per capita recruitment of shoots was greater than that of sprouts, but as overall stem density increased, sprout abundance and recruitment came to surpass that of shoots. Relative growth rates among small stems <2 cm DBH declined over time for both shoots and sprouts, but relative growth rates of sprouts were consistently greater than that of shoots after the first 3 years. The capacity of strawberry guava to recruit from both shoots and sprouts facilitates its invasion of rainforest, its persistence in the forest understory, and its response to canopy opening. Strawberry guava thus poses a considerable risk of stand replacement for Hawaiian rainforests. Stand management will require perpetual efforts to control both seed production and sprouting.
Editorial perspective: Transforming child and adolescent mental health services and systems (CAMHSS) around the globe – the importance of diversity, inclusion and equity in CAMHSS research
Authors: de Vries Petrus J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChildren and adolescents around the globe have mental health and neurodevelopmental needs. However, no country or region of the world has found good solutions to meet these needs, which are often long‐term and complex. Most child and adolescent mental health research comes from high‐income, mostly English‐speaking, contexts even though 95% of the world's children and adolescents live in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC), where there is vast cultural, linguistic, and socio‐economic diversity, with limited services and systems for child and adolescent mental health (CAMH). There is therefore both a ‘knowledge gap’ (more than 90% of all research represents less than 10% of the global population) and an ‘identification and treatment gap’ (fewer than 1 in 10 children in LMIC ever receive a diagnosis or any kind of treatment). The purpose of this editorial perspective was to consider the challenges of diversity, inclusion and equity in CAMH research around the globe, and to present some practical things we can all do to close these gaps and transform the global CAMH research agenda.