bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mucin-producing tumors of the ovary——preoperative differentiation between metastatic ovarian mucinous carcinoma and primary mucinous malignant tumors
Authors: Cai Song-Qi , Wu Min-Rong , Ma Xiao-Liang , Lu Jing-Jing , Qiang Jin-Wei , Guan Yin-Yin , Zeng Meng-Su , Zhou Jian-Jun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features for preoperatively discriminating primary ovarian mucinous malignant tumors (POMTs) and metastatic mucinous carcinomas involving the ovary (MOMCs).

Methods
This retrospective multicenter study enrolled 61 patients with 22 POMTs and 49 MOMCs, which were pathologically proved between November 2014 to Jane 2023. The clinical and MRI features were evaluated and compared between POMTs and MOMCs. ﻿Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the significant variables between the two groups, which were then incorporated into a predictive nomogram, and ROC curve analysis was subsequently carried out to evaluate diagnostic performance.

Results
35.9% patients with MOMCs were discovered synchronously with the primary carcinomas; 25.6% patients with MOMCs were bilateral, and all of the patients with POMTs were unilateral. The biomarker CEA was significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.002). There were significant differences in the following MRI features: tumor size, configuration, enhanced pattern, the number of cysts, honeycomb sign, stained-glass appearance, ascites, size diversity ratio, signal diversity ratio. The locular size diversity ratio (p = 0.005, OR = 1.31), and signal intensity diversity ratio (p = 0.10, OR = 4.01) were independent predictors for MOMCs. ﻿The combination of above independent criteria yielded the largest area under curve of 0.922 with a sensitivity of 82.3% and specificity of 88.9%.

Conclusions
Patients with MOMCs were more commonly bilaterally and having higher levels of CEA, but did not always had a malignant tumor history. For ovarian mucin-producing tumors, the uniform locular sizes and signal intensities were more predict MOMCs.
Efficacy of a virtual reality-based cognitive interactive training program for children with traumatic brain injuries: study protocol for a parallel-group randomized controlled trial
Authors: Shen Jiabin , Wang Yan , Quinn Susan , Suskauer Stacy J. , Birch Julia , Busch Tyler , Svingos Adrian , Crawfis Roger , Yeates Keith Owen , Taylor H. Gerry 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability in children. Cognitive rehabilitation for this population is critical for their long-term health outcomes. This trial aims to evaluate the efficacy of a virtual reality-based program (VICT) for training executive functions in children with TBI.

Methods
A parallel group randomized controlled trial will be conducted among up to 32 children with TBI. Children in the intervention group will receive the VICT training while children in the control group will play a comparable VR game without executive function training. Each participant will be assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up. Outcomes will include core executive functions, attention, and health-related quality of life measured by computerized tasks or standardized questionnaires.

Discussion
Cognitive rehabilitation is among the top healthcare needs for pediatric TBI patients. Virtual reality-based training is promising due to its versatile content, flexibility, and potential cost savings for both patients and providers. Findings of this trial will provide data on the efficacy of the VICT program on core executive functions, attention problems, and health-related quality of life and serve as the empirical foundation for future larger multi-site effectiveness trials.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04526639. Registered on August 18, 2020.
Wildlife parasitology: sample collection and processing, diagnostic constraints, and methodological challenges in terrestrial carnivores
Authors: Rojas Alicia , Germitsch Nina , Oren Stephanie , Sazmand Alireza , Deak Georgiana 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWild terrestrial carnivores play a crucial role as reservoir, maintenance, and spillover hosts for a wide parasite variety. They may harbor, shed, and transmit zoonotic parasites and parasites of veterinary importance for domestic hosts. Although wild carnivores are globally distributed and comprise many different species, some living in close proximity to human settlements, only a few studies have investigated parasites of wild terrestrial carnivores using non-specific techniques. Access to samples of wild carnivores may be challenging as some species are protected, and others are secretive, possibly explaining the data paucity. Considering the importance of wild carnivores’ health and ecological role, combined with the lack of specific diagnostic methodologies, this review aims to offer an overview of the diagnostic methods for parasite investigation in wild terrestrial carnivores, providing the precise techniques for collection and analysis of fecal, blood, and tissue samples, the environmental impact on said samples, and the limitations researchers currently face in analyzing samples of wild terrestrial carnivores. In addition, this paper offers some crucial information on how different environmental factors affect parasite detection postmortem and how insects can be used to estimate the time of death with a specific highlight on insect larvae. The paper contains a literature review of available procedures and emphasizes the need for diagnostic method standardization in wild terrestrial carnivores.Graphical Abstract
Deep learning-based automated lesion segmentation on pediatric focal cortical dysplasia II preoperative MRI: a reliable approach
Authors: Zhang Siqi , Zhuang Yijiang , Luo Yi , Zhu Fengjun , Zhao Wen , Zeng Hongwu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) represents one of the most common causes of refractory epilepsy in children. Deep learning demonstrates great power in tissue discrimination by analyzing MRI data. A prediction model was built and verified using 3D full-resolution nnU-Net for automatic lesion detection and segmentation of children with FCD II.

Methods
High-resolution brain MRI structure data from 65 patients, confirmed with FCD II by pathology, were retrospectively studied. Experienced neuroradiologists segmented and labeled the lesions as the ground truth. Also, we used 3D full-resolution nnU-Net to segment lesions automatically, generating detection maps. The algorithm was trained using fivefold cross-validation, with data partitioned into training (N = 200) and testing (N = 15). To evaluate performance, detection maps were compared to expert manual labels. The Dice-Sørensen coefficient (DSC) and sensitivity were used to assess the algorithm performance.

Results
The 3D nnU-Net showed a good performance for FCD lesion detection at the voxel level, with a sensitivity of 0.73. The best segmentation model achieved a mean DSC score of 0.57 on the testing dataset.

Conclusion
This pilot study confirmed that 3D full-resolution nnU-Net can automatically segment FCD lesions with reliable outcomes. This provides a novel approach to FCD lesion detection.

Critical relevance statement
Our fully automatic models could process the 3D T1-MPRAGE data and segment FCD II lesions with reliable outcomes.

Key points
• Simplified image processing promotes the DL model implemented in clinical practice.
• The histopathological confirmed lesion masks enhance the clinical credibility of the AI model.
• The voxel-level evaluation metrics benefit lesion detection and clinical decisions.

Graphical Abstract
Deep learning-based predictive classification of functional subpopulations of hematopoietic stem cells and multipotent progenitors
Authors: Wang Shen , Han Jianzhong , Huang Jingru , Islam Khayrul , Shi Yuheng , Zhou Yuyuan , Kim Dongwook , Zhou Jane , Lian Zhaorui , Liu Yaling , Huang Jian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and multipotent progenitors (MPPs) play a pivotal role in maintaining lifelong hematopoiesis. The distinction between stem cells and other progenitors, as well as the assessment of their functions, has long been a central focus in stem cell research. In recent years, deep learning has emerged as a powerful tool for cell image analysis and classification/prediction.

Methods
In this study, we explored the feasibility of employing deep learning techniques to differentiate murine HSCs and MPPs based solely on their morphology, as observed through light microscopy (DIC) images.

Results
After rigorous training and validation using extensive image datasets, we successfully developed a three-class classifier, referred to as the LSM model, capable of reliably distinguishing long-term HSCs, short-term HSCs, and MPPs. The LSM model extracts intrinsic morphological features unique to different cell types, irrespective of the methods used for cell identification and isolation, such as surface markers or intracellular GFP markers. Furthermore, employing the same deep learning framework, we created a two-class classifier that effectively discriminates between aged HSCs and young HSCs. This discovery is particularly significant as both cell types share identical surface markers yet serve distinct functions. This classifier holds the potential to offer a novel, rapid, and efficient means of assessing the functional states of HSCs, thus obviating the need for time-consuming transplantation experiments.

Conclusion
Our study represents the pioneering use of deep learning to differentiate HSCs and MPPs under steady-state conditions. This novel and robust deep learning-based platform will provide a basis for the future development of a new generation stem cell identification and separation system. It may also provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying stem cell self-renewal.
Cholangiocyte organoids to study drug-induced injury
Authors: Wang Zhenguo , Xing Chen , van der Laan Luc J. W. , Verstegen Monique M. A. , Spee Bart , Masereeuw Rosalinde 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Drug induced bile duct injury is a frequently observed clinical problem leading to a wide range of pathological features. During the past decades, several agents have been identified with various postulated mechanisms of bile duct damage, however, mostly still poorly understood.

Methods
Here, we investigated the mechanisms of chlorpromazine (CPZ) induced bile duct injury using advanced in vitro cholangiocyte cultures. Intrahepatic cholangiocyte organoids (ICOs) were driven into mature cholangiocyte like cells (CLCs), which were exposed to CPZ under cholestatic or non-cholestatic conditions through the addition of a bile acid cocktail.

Results
CPZ caused loss of monolayer integrity by reducing expression levels of tight junction protein 1 (TJP1), E-cadherin 1 (CDH1) and lysyl oxidase homolog 2 (LOXL2). Loss of zonula occuludens-1 (ZO-1) and E-cadherin was confirmed by immunostaining after exposure to CPZ and rhodamine-123 leakage further confirmed disruption of the cholangiocyte barrier function. Furthermore, oxidative stress seemed to play a major role in the early damage response by CPZ. The drug also decreased expression of three main basolateral bile acid transporters, ABCC3 (ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 3), SLC51A/B (solute carrier family 51 subunit alpha/beta) and multidrug resistance transporter ABCB1 (ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1), thereby contributing to bile acid accumulation. CPZ did not induce an inflammatory response by itself, but addition of TNFα revealed a synergistic effect.

Conclusion
These results show that ICOs present a model to identify toxic drugs affecting the bile ducts while providing mechanistic insights into hepatotoxicity.
Dynamic of land use and vegetation change in the eastern bank of Bénoué (North Cameroon)
Authors: Azaria Djosebe , Moksia Froumsia , Tchobsala  , Pierre Kamblaba , Tezore Bakary Prudence 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe eastern part of the Benoue River bank is undergoing degradation marked by a significant decrease in vegetation cover and woody resources due to anthropogenic activities and climatic. The main objective of this study is to analyze the farmers’ knowledge of vegetation evolution and the dynamics of land use using satellite images in the east of the bank of the Benoue. The methodological approach used is an integrated one combining field surveys, remote sensing, mapping, and modeling. The results obtained show that 88% of the population surveyed believe that the area covered by vegetation has decreased. The reasons for this decrease are numerous, but the main one remains the strong anthropic activity that would be at the origin of the progressive degradation of the land. The evolutionary trend of plant formations is essentially regressive for natural formations from 1991 to 2021. The analysis of the evolution of land use showed that in the Rey-Bouba district during 1991, 58.24% of the area formerly made up of dense woody formations regressed considerably to 25.77% in 2021. The same is true for the Bibemi district where the area of wooded zone has decreased from 65.47% in 1991 to 28.45% of the total area in 2021. This regression of the surface area of wooded formations was done to the benefit of anthropized occupation classes whose area has increased. They suggest an effective awareness in the monitoring of the dynamics of the vegetation cover subjected to anthropic pressures and climatic variations for a better-integrated management of the vegetation of this area.
Microanalysis and mineralogy of Asian and Saharan dust
Authors: Jeong Gi Young 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMineral dust is transported over long distances from desert sources, interacting with Earth environments. The mineralogy and microstructures of individual dust particles are required to understand the interactions. Here, I summarize recent findings from electron microscopy of dust particles, focusing on Asian and Saharan dust. Dust particles are heterogeneous mixtures of clay and nonclay minerals. Clay minerals account for more than half of the mass of mineral dust. Fine grains of clay minerals form their own aggregates, coat coarse nonclay minerals, or become a matrix of composite particles. The most abundant clay minerals are illite‒smectite series clay minerals (ISCMs) dominated by illite and interstratified illite‒smectite. Saharan dust is distinct from Asian dust by the high contents of palygorskite and hexagonal kaolinite. Common nonclay silicates are quartz, K-feldspar, and Na-rich plagioclase. Amorphous silica is associated with clays in Saharan dust. Calcite occurs as nanofibers as well as coarse grains, reacting with atmospheric acids to precipitate gypsum. The submicron grains of iron oxides and titanium oxides are scattered through the fine matrix of dust particles. ISCMs, chlorite, biotite, and iron oxides are iron carriers to remote ecosystems. The shapes of dust particles approximate ellipsoids whose aspect ratios increase with clay contents. The mineralogical classification of dust particles has led to the determination of the bulk mineral composition of a very small quantity of samples. The constituent mineralogy of dust particles is discussed in an environmental context with a brief introduction of the geological backgrounds of the minerals in their source areas.
Acne Vulgaris and adherence to the mediterranean diet among university students: a case‒control study
Authors: Taha Sari , Shakhshir Muna , Zyoud Sa’ed H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundWestern diets, characterized by a high glycemic index and dairy content, can be risk factors for acne vulgaris. A few studies have suggested that adherence to non-Western diets, such as the Mediterranean diet (MD), may be protective against acne. This study aimed to explore the relationships between adherence to the MD and acne diagnosis and severity.MethodsThis was a matched case‒control study carried out among university students studying health sciences to explore the relationship between adhering to the MD and an acne diagnosis. Convenience sampling was utilized for the initial recruitment of eligible participants, who were then 1:1 individually matched for age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). Adherence to the MD was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) tool, and acne severity was assessed using the Global Acne Grading System (GAGS). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and conditional logistic regression, which included two models based on clinical data and the backward elimination technique.ResultsA final sample of 121 cases was individually matched to 121 controls. Each group consisted of 28.9% males and 71.1% females, with most having a BMI within the healthy range (71.9%). Both the case (80.2%) and control groups (77.7%) demonstrated a predominant pattern of low adherence to the MD. At the bivariate level, family history significantly differed between the case and control groups (OR = 2.01, CI = 1.17–3.44), while adherence to the MD (OR = 0.86, CI = 0.46–1.60) did not reach statistical significance. According to the regression analysis, family history remained significant in the backward elimination model (aOR = 1.94, CI = 1.14–3.34), while it disappeared in the full model (aOR = 1.95, CI = 1.14–3.34). Neither model revealed a significant association between acne and the other variables. Among the participants in the case group, neither adherence to the MD nor adherence to its components was significantly associated with acne severity, except for vegetables (p = 0.022).ConclusionsAdherence to the MD was not correlated with acne diagnosis or clinical severity. More research on the association between acne and adherence to the MD is needed, as earlier studies are few, were conducted in specific settings, and used variable methodologies. To improve the validity and reliability of the research methodology, the development of detailed and culturally adapted MD definitions and practical guides is recommended.
Global impacts of fire regimes on wildland bird diversity
Authors: Arrogante-Funes Fátima , Aguado Inmaculada , Chuvieco Emilio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Fire is a natural disturbance that significantly impacts ecosystems and plays a crucial role in the distribution and preservation of biota worldwide. The effects of fires on bird diversity can be both positive, as they can create new habitats, and negative, as they can reduce nesting success. To fully understand the ecological implications of wildfires, we need to understand the spatial distribution of wildland bird diversity and fire regimes and how fire regimes affect wildland bird diversity ecosystems. Using data collected at a global scale, we examined effects of time-averaged fire regimes on the spatial diversity of wildland bird species. Initially, we used the MaxEnt algorithm to model the potential distribution of 1,115 wildland bird species over a 20-year period. We also processed satellite observations of burned areas (FIRECCI51) during the same period to estimate fire regime characteristics, including the average proportion of burnt vegetation, interannual variability in the burnt area, and fire intensity. Finally, the association between wild bird diversity and fire variables in each biome was determined through Spearman, Bonferroni, and Kruskal-Wallis statistics.

Results
Our findings revealed that (I) the most affected wildland bird communities are those found in tropical ecosystems, where the majority of fires occur; (II) high fire intensity values and a substantial proportion of burned vegetation have a positive impact on maintaining a diverse population of wildland birds in biomes characterized by savannah or grassland covers, as seen in temperate or tropical zones. Conversely, low fire intensity values and a smaller proportion of burned vegetation also promote greater diversity of wildland birds in boreal or temperate zones, and (III) in Mediterranean ecosystems, a clear association between wildland bird diversity and wildfires could not be established.

Conclusions
This research could help identify areas that are ecologically vulnerable to wildfires. It could also be useful in guiding regional studies aligned with developing sustainable landscape management practices and conserving priority ecological zones in tropical ecosystems.
Clinical and biological significance of microRNA-127 and microRNA-138 expression in women with breast cancer: response to treatment and survival impact
Authors: Nasr Ghada M. , Elshal Mohamed F. , Gobran Eman Abdel-Ghani , Nasr Mohamed Younis , Badr Eman A. E. , Abdel-Aziz Reham Ahmed , Abdel-Aziz Amal , AboShabaan Hind S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background and Objective
Genetic and epigenetic changes characterize the multi-step process of breast carcinogenesis. It is believed that abnormal microRNA (miRNA) expression has a role in the onset and progression of breast cancer. This study aimed to examine the link between miRNA-127 and miRNA-138 and metastasis, tumor invasion, and apoptosis in Egyptian women with breast cancer, as well as their correlation with its molecular types.

Methodology
A total of 150 participants were included in this study, including 75 women with breast cancer and 75 supposedly healthy women who were age and gender-matched. Every patient underwent a thorough physical examination, a general clinical examination, a mammogram, and lab tests, such as the determination of the levels of miRNA-127 and miRNA-138 expression by real-time PCR and the measurement of blood carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carcinoma antigen 15–3 (CA15-3) and CA15-3 and CEA levels.

Results
There was a significant low expression of miRNA-127 in favor of high TNM stage (Classification of Malignant Tumors), left-sided tumor, metastasis, high-grade disease, increased axillary nodal involvement, absence of estrogen and progesterone receptors, and low antigen Kiel 67 (Ki67) expression. Also, a significant expression of miRNA 127 in triple-negative breast cancer was found, followed by human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) overexpression, then luminal B, and the highest expression was with the Luminal A molecular subtype. A significant negative correlation existed between miRNA 127 and miRNA 138 with CEA and CA15.3 levels.

Conclusion
The miRNA-127 and miRNA-138 suppression may promote metastasis. Consequently, the restoration of miRNA-127 and miRNA-138 in breast cancer may have therapeutic potential; so, the miRNA-127 and miRNA-138 may play a role in breast cancer development.