bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consil® bioactive glass particles enhance osteoblast proliferation and maintain extracellular matrix production in vitro
Authors: Au Angela Y. , Au Rebecca Y. , Al‐Talib Tala K. , Eves Barbara , Frondoza Carmelita G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBioactive glasses are used clinically as bone implant materials as they are able to bond directly with bone. Studies in dogs have demonstrated the utility of Consil® Bioglass® synthetic bone graft particulate, a commercially available bioactive glass formulation, as a bone substitute for repair of bony defects. We evaluated the effect of Consil particles (500 μg/mL) on osteoblast proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) production at the cellular level in vitro. An osteoblast surrogate MG‐63 cell line was incubated with Consil particles or medium alone for different time periods to determine the effect of Consil particles on proliferation and expression of ECM components. Osteoblasts remained viable and proliferated upon exposure to the particles, as shown by increased total DNA content. Cells incubated with Consil particles maintained expression levels of phenotype markers (type I collagen, osteocalcin, proteoglycans, and alkaline phosphatase) similar to control cells. Levels of secreted type I collagen and osteocalcin were time‐dependent and similar to controls. This study verified the ability of Consil particles to enhance proliferation of osteoblast‐like cells. The particles also maintained ECM production up to 21 days in culture. Our study supports the reported clinical utility of Consil particles for the repair of bony defects. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2008
Protein adsorption and separation on amphoteric chitosan/carboxymethylcellulose membranes
Authors: Feng Zhicheng , Shao Zhengzhong , Yao Jinrong , Chen Xin 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis article reported the preparation of an amphoteric natural polymeric membrane—macroporous chitosan (CS)/carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) blend membrane and the utilization of such a membrane on the membrane chromatography for bioseparation. The membranes were prepared by solution blending of CS and CMC solution, and using silica particles as porogen. Both glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin were used as crosslinking agent to increase its chemical stability in aqueous solution. Such a natural polymeric membrane can be served as an amphoteric membrane because of the amino group on CS and the carboxymethyl group on CMC, in which the surface charge can be changed with the environmental pH. Ovalbumin (pI = 4.6) and lysozyme (pI = 11) were selected as model proteins. These two proteins adsorption on different CS/CMC blend membranes with different initial protein concentrations at different pH values were investigated in batch systems. The results indicated that the maximum adsorption for lysozyme and ovalbumin was at pH 9.2 and 4.8 respectively, and the adsorption capacity on the membrane both increased with the increase of initial protein concentration. Though the adsorption mechanism of lysozyme and ovalbumin was found not the same, the maximum adsorption capacity of two proteins on the membranes was quite similar (about 250 mg/g). Moreover, the desorption ratio of both proteins was found to be more than 90% that implied CS/CMC blend membrane could separate proteins by adsorption–desorption process. Finally, both lysozyme and ovalbumin were successfully separated from their binary mixture only by adjusting the pH of the feed and the desorption solution. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2008
Graph classes characterized both by forbidden subgraphs and degree sequences
Authors: Barrus Michael D. , Kumbhat Mohit , Hartke Stephen G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractGiven a set ${\cal F}$ of graphs, a graph G is ${\cal F}$‐free if G does not contain any member of ${\cal F}$ as an induced subgraph. We say that ${\cal F}$ is a degree‐sequence‐forcing set if, for each graph G in the class ${\cal C}$ of ${\cal F}$‐free graphs, every realization of the degree sequence of G is also in ${\cal C}$. We give a complete characterization of the degree‐sequence‐forcing sets ${\cal F}$ when ${\cal F}$ has cardinality at most two. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 57: 131–148, 2008
Perfusion‐weighted MRI in evaluating the intranodular hemodynamic characteristics of dysplastic nodules and hepatocellular carcinomas in an experimental rat model
Authors: Xu Hui , Xie Jing‐Xia , Li Xuan , Yang Zheng‐Han , Zheng Zhuo‐Zhao , Wang Bin , Wang Zheng 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the value of perfusion‐weighted MRI in the evaluation of the intranodular hemodynamic characteristics of dysplastic nodules (DNs) and hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) in an experimental rat model.Materials and MethodsA total of 40 rats with chemically‐induced DNs and HCCs were investigated. Single‐slice gadolinium‐enhanced perfusion‐weighted MRI was performed to evaluate the nodules. Time to peak (Tp), maximal relative signal enhancement (REmax), and the initial slope of signal intensity (SI) vs. time curves of the nodules and cirrhotic liver were evaluated. Nodules precisely corresponding to MRI were examined histologically. Paired Student's t‐tests were used to compare the difference between nodules and cirrhotic liver.ResultsA total of 20 HCCs and 14 DNs were evaluated. HCCs showed a significantly higher REmax, shorter Tp, and higher slope than adjacent cirrhotic liver. The REmax and slope of DNs were significantly lower than adjacent cirrhotic liver parenchyma. Although the Tp of DNs was delayed two to three seconds compared to adjacent cirrhotic liver, there was no significant difference between them.ConclusionPerfusion‐weighted MRI detected the intranodular hemodynamic characteristics of DNs and HCCs in an experimental rat model. DNs were hypovascular compared to cirrhotic liver, while HCCs were markedly hypervascular. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rapid multiplanar abdominal survey using MRI with the steady‐state free‐precession technique
Authors: Dutka Michael V. , Bergin Diane , O'Kane Patrick L. , Frangos Andrea J. , Parker Laurence , Mitchell Donald G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPurposeTo retrospectively evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of steady‐state free‐precession (SSFP) survey MRI of the abdomen.Materials and MethodsA total of 375 consecutive outpatients underwent abdominal MRI at 1.5T. Excluding diffuse metastatic disease, 110 patients had at least one other clinically important finding. The SSFP survey included contiguous 5‐mm‐thick axial, sagittal, and coronal slices (total 90 slices) obtained during a total of 90 seconds of free breathing. Studies were reviewed by two experienced MRI readers independently, randomized, blinded, and at different sittings. The chi‐squared test was used to compare SSFP to full MRI for showing clinically important findings. In a subset of 30 patients, confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to compare the accuracy of SSFP and full MRI as predictors of biopsy result.ResultsSSFP detected 87.3% of clinically important findings and 93.3% of malignancies reported on the full MRI, with a 1.5% false‐positive rate. Significant association was shown between SSFP and full MRI for clinically important findings (P < 0.0001). Compared to biopsy, accuracy of SSFP was high (85% ± 12.7%), though not as high as full MRI (93.3% ± 8.8%).ConclusionSSFP provides a rapid survey of the abdomen, with good sensitivity and few false positives. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Abnormal diffusion tensor in nonsymptomatic familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with a causative superoxide dismutase 1 mutation
Authors: Ng Man‐Cheuk , Ho Jenny Ting , Ho Shu‐Leong , Lee Raymand , Li Geng , Cheng Tat‐Sun , Song You‐Qiang , Ho Philip Wing‐Lok , Fong Gardian Chung‐Yan , Mak Windsor , Chan Koon‐Ho , Li Leonard Sheung‐Wai , Luk Keith Dip‐Kei , Hu Yong , Ramsden David Boyer , Leong Lilian Ling‐Yee 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether diffusion abnormalities can be observed in nonsymptomatic family members with a known causative Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase mutation (asymptomatic familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; AFALS+SOD1) in a family with autosomal dominant familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).Materials and MethodsA total of eight AFALS+SOD1 subjects (aged 17–43 years) were age‐matched with 13 healthy controls (aged 19–45 years) without SOD1 mutations. DTI was carried out on a 1.5T scanner. The diffusion index maps derived were then normalized spatially for voxel‐based analysis. region of interest (ROI)‐based analysis was also carried out.ResultsOur voxel‐based and ROI‐based analysis showed that AFALS+SOD1 subjects have decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) (0.5401 vs. 0.5168, P < 0.05) and increased tensor trace (TT) (2.5854 × 10−3 mm2/second vs. 2.6226 × 10−3 mm2/second, P < 0.04) at the posterior limb of the internal capsule compared to the control subjects. Increased radial diffusivity (E(2,3)/2) was detected on both sides (right = 0.5710 × 10–3 mm2/second vs. 0.5943 × 10–3 mm2/second, P < 0.05; left = 0.5666 × 10–3 mm2/second vs. 0.5872 × 10–3 mm2/second, P < 0.05). No significant change in axial diffusivity (E1) was detected.ConclusionAbnormal diffusivity was found at the posterior limb of the internal capsule in AFALS+SOD1 subjects, hitherto unreported. Our results suggest that DTI may detect diffusion abnormalities in AFALS+SOD1 subjects before symptoms develop. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pesticide analysis in rose wines by micellar electrokinetic chromatography
Authors: Ravelo‐Pérez Lidia M. , Hernández‐Borges Javier , Borges‐Miquel Teresa M. , Rodríguez‐Delgado Miguel Ángel 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn this work, the determination of 11 pesticides (pirimicarb, metalaxyl, pyrimethanil, procymidone, nuarimol, azoxystrobin, tebufenozide, fenarimol, benalaxyl, penconazole, and tetradifon) in rose wines by micellar EKC (MEKC) using reversed electrode polarity stacking mode (REPSM) as online preconcentration strategy is described. The MEKC buffer consisted of 100 mM sodium tetraborate and 30 mM SDS at pH 8.5 with 6% v/v 1‐propanol. A solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) procedure using PDMS/divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) fibers was applied to extract the selected pesticides from the rose wine samples. The comparison between the calibration curves obtained from hydroalcoholic solutions (12% v/v ethanol) and from rose wines (matrix matched calibration) showed the existence of a strong matrix effect. Furthermore, a comparison with calibration curves obtained with white wine samples also showed significant differences for most of the analyzed pesticides. As a result, a matrix matched calibration was developed. Quantitative extraction from spiked wine samples was carried out in triplicate at two levels of concentration (range 0.18–6.00 mg/L). LODs between 0.040 and 0.929 mg/L were achieved, which are below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) established for wine grapes (except for pirimicarb) by the EU and Spain legislation as well as by the Codex Alimentarius. The established method – which is solvent free, cost effective, and fast – was also applied to the analysis of several homemade rose wine samples and a commercial one. Two of the selected pesticides were found in some of the analyzed samples.
Systematic derivation of an asymptotic model for the dynamics of curved viscous fibers
Authors: Panda Satyananda , Marheineke Nicole , Wegener Raimund 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper presents a slender body theory for the dynamics of a curved inertial viscous Newtonian fiber. Neglecting surface tension and temperature dependence, the fiber flow is modeled as a three‐dimensional free boundary value problem in terms of instationary incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. From regular asymptotic expansions in powers of the slenderness parameter, leading‐order balance laws for mass (cross‐section) and momentum are derived that combine the unrestricted motion of the fiber centerline with the inner viscous transport. The physically reasonable form of the one‐dimensional fiber model results thereby from the introduction of the intrinsic velocity that characterizes the convective terms. For the numerical investigation of the viscous, gravitational and rotational effects on the fiber dynamics, a finite volume approach on a staggered grid with implicit upwind flux discretization is applied. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regulation of placental villous angiopoietin‐1 and ‐2 expression by estrogen during baboon pregnancy
Authors: Albrecht Eugene D. , Babischkin Jeffery S. , Pepe Gerald J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe recently showed an increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), decrease in angiopoietin‐1 (Ang‐1) and unaltered Ang‐2 expression by the villous placenta with advancing baboon pregnancy. Moreover, placental VEGF expression was increased by estrogen in early pregnancy. In the present study, we determined whether placental Ang‐1 and Ang‐2 are regulated by estrogen. Ang‐1 and Ang‐2 mRNA and protein were determined by RT‐PCR and immunocytochemistry in the placenta of baboons on Day 60 of gestation (term is 184 days) after administration of estrogen precursor androstenedione on Days 25–59 or on Day 54 after acute estradiol administration. Chronic androstenedione treatment increased serum estradiol levels three‐fold (P < 0.001) and decreased (P < 0.05) villous cytotrophoblast Ang‐1 mRNA to a level (0.36 ± 0.08 relative to 18S rRNA) that was one‐third of that in untreated animals (0.98 ± 0.26). Within 2 hr of estradiol administration, cytotrophoblast Ang‐1 mRNA was decreased to a level (0.24 ± 0.05) one‐fifth (P < 0.05) of that in untreated animals (1.14 ± 0.23). However, Ang‐2 mRNA levels were unaltered. Ang‐1, Ang‐2 and estrogen receptors α and β protein were localized within villous cytotrophoblasts providing a mechanism for estrogen action at this site. In summary, estrogen increased VEGF, decreased Ang‐1, and had no effect on Ang‐2 expression within placental cytotrophoblasts during early baboon pregnancy. We propose that the estrogen‐dependent differential regulation of these angioregulatory factors underpins the unique pattern of neovascularization established within the villous placenta during primate pregnancy. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 504–511, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A decade comparison of preterm motor performance at age 4
Authors: Sullivan Mary C. , Hawes Katheleen 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis was a prospective longitudinal study of two cohorts comprised of one full term and three premature infant groups born 10 years apart. Birth cohort, perinatal morbidity, and birth weight effects were investigated at age 4. Cohort 1 (1985–1989) had longer gestation, higher birth weight, and better Apgar scores than Cohort 2 (1996–1999), which had more intraventricular hemorrhage and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Cohort and perinatal morbidity group, but not birth weight, predicted motor scores. Preterm Cohort 2 children had better oral motor, fine motor, and total motor scores, but lower visual motor integration scores than Cohort 1. Motor problems continue to affect preterm children at age 4, in particular those who experience perinatal morbidity, despite a decade of neonatal intensive care advancements. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 30:641–654, 2007
Testing a model of contraception use behavior among sexually active female adolescents in Taiwan
Authors: Wang Ruey‐Hsia , Wang Hsiu‐Hung , Cheng Chung‐Ping , Hsu Hsiu‐Yueh , Lin Shu‐Yuan 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this cross‐sectional study was to test a model of contraception use among sexually active Taiwanese female adolescents, using structural equation modeling. Anonymous questionnaires were distributed to 404 female adolescents who had had sexual intercourse in the previous 3 months. A model was produced in which past contraception use, self‐efficacy for contraception use, and decisional balance for using contraception had significant direct effects on current contraception use. Social influences had not only significant direct effects on self‐efficacy and on decisional balance, but also a significant indirect effect on current contraception use. These findings provide a reference for the development of contraceptive intervention programs for sexually active female adolescents in Taiwan. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 30:628–640, 2007
Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidy using cell‐free nucleic acids in maternal blood: promises and unanswered questions
Authors: Puszyk William M. , Crea Francesco , Old Robert W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe discovery of cell‐free fetal (cff) DNA and RNA in the maternal circulation has driven developments in noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) for the past decade. Detection of paternally derived alleles in cff DNA is becoming well established. Now much interest is focussing on NIPD of fetal chromosomal abnormalities, such as trisomy 21, which is a considerable challenge because this demands accurate quantitative measurements of the amounts of specific cff DNA or cff RNA sequences in maternal blood samples. Emerging strategies for distinguishing and quantifying the fetal nucleic acids in the maternal circulation promise continued development of the field, and pose a number of unanswered questions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ethylene polymerization and copolymerization with a polar monomer using an α‐iminocarboxamide nickel complex activated by trimethylaluminum
Authors: Carone Carlos L. P. , Bisatto Rubens , Galland Griselda B. , Rojas Rene , Bazan Guillermo 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn α‐iminocarboxamide nickel complex was activated by trimethylaluminum (TMA) and used in the polymerization of ethylene and its copolymerization with 10‐undecen‐1‐ol. The best activity was observed upon activation with 9 equiv of TMA at a temperature of 26 °C. NMR spectroscopic studies did not show 10‐undecen‐1‐ol incorporation. However, FTIR analyses suggest the incorporation of a very small amount of comonomer, which affects the glass transition temperature, the degree of branching, and the mechanical properties of the materials. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 54–59, 2008
Homo‐ and copolymerization of ethylene and norbornene with bis(β‐diketiminato) titanium complexes activated with methylaluminoxane
Authors: Li Yongfei , Gao Haiyang , Wu Qing 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHomo‐ and copolymerization of ethylene and norbornene were investigated with bis(β‐diketiminato) titanium complexes [ArNC(CR3)CHC(CR3)NAr]2TiCl2 (R = F, Ar = 2,6‐diisopropylphenyl 2a; R = F, Ar = 2,6‐dimethylphenyl 2b; R = H, Ar = 2,6‐diisopropylphenyl 2c; R = H, Ar = 2,6‐dimethylphenyl 2d) in the presence of methylaluminoxane (MAO). The influence of steric and electric effects of complexes on catalytic activity was evaluated. With MAO as cocatalyst, complexes 2a–d are moderately active catalysts for ethylene polymerization producing high‐molecular weight polyethylenes bearing linear structures, but low active catalysts for norbornene polymerization. Moreover, 2a–d are also active ethylene–norbornene (E–N) copolymerization catalysts. The incorporation of norbornene in the E–N copolymer could be controlled by varying the charged norbornene. 13C NMR analyses showed the microstructures of the E–N copolymers were predominantly alternated and isolated norbornene units in copolymer, dyad, and triad sequences of norbornene were detected in the E–N copolymers with high incorporated content of norbornene. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 93–101, 2008
NMR study of the nanomorphology in thin films of polymer blends used in organic PV devices: MDMO‐PPV/PCBM
Authors: Mens R. , Adriaensens P. , Lutsen L. , Swinnen A. , Bertho S. , Ruttens B. , D'Haen J. , Manca J. , Cleij T. , Vanderzande D. , Gelan J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe disclosure of the nanomorphology of thin films in organic solar cells, prepared from blends of conjugated polymers and PCBM, is of key importance for a better understanding of the occurring photovoltaic (PV) mechanisms. Hereto solid‐state NMR relaxometry has been evaluated as a complementary technique to traditional microscopic techniques like atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. It is demonstrated that proton wide‐line solid‐state NMR relaxometry is a useful and innovative tool to study the phase morphology of blends used in semi‐conducting polymer based PV devices. Attention is focused on the influence of the blend composition and casting conditions on the resulting phase morphology. Two different casting techniques, i.e. spincoating and Doctor Blading, were compared. To demonstrate the applicability of NMR relaxometry in this field, MDMO‐PPV/PCBM blends where used, since these are known for their significant phase separation behavior in combination with toluene as solvent. In films prepared from blends in toluene with a PCBM content ≥70 wt %, a fraction of the PCBM is phase separated into crystalline domains, whereas the remaining part remains homogeneously mixed with the MDMO‐PPV. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 138–145, 2008
Targeted delivery of proteins by nanosized carriers
Authors: Solaro Roberto 
Published: November 2007

AbstractProteic drug administration poses some additional issues as compared with conventional drugs because of protein high molecular weight and short half‐life in plasma. It is well known that protein delivery canbe significantly improved by using targeted nanocarriers. Among the diverse investigated systems, this overview focuses onliposomes and nanoparticles. Indeed, because of their subcellular size, nanocarriers can cross the fenestration of the vascular epithelium and penetrate tissues. Moreover, nanosystems can be confined at the location of choice by conjugation to molecules that strongly bind the target cells. In spite of the significant progress made in the design and engineering of liposomes and nanoparticles tailored to the targeted delivery of proteins, these nanocarriers seldom succeed in delivering proteins directly inside the cell cytosol. Accordingly, some attention is also paid to virosomes and fusion proteins. These systems have a few advantages over conventional nanocarriers, particularly the ability to cross the cell membrane. They also share the main drawback of being highly immunogenic. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 1–11, 2008
Chloroform sorption in nanoporous crystalline and amorphous phases of syndiotactic polystyrene
Authors: Mensitieri Giuseppe , Larobina Domenico , Guerra Gaetano , Venditto Vincenzo , Fermeglia Maurizio , Pricl Sabrina 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe transport of chloroform in films of atactic polystyrene and of semicrystalline syndiotactic polystyrene in its nanoporous form (δ‐form) has been investigated by gravimetric analysis. Experimental tests have been performed at 35, 49, and 56 °C and at several vapor pressures ranging from 0.5 to 100 Torr. Nonequilibrium lattice fluid prediction of the amorphous sorption behavior was used to enucleate the sorption contribution of the crystalline nanoporous phase from semicrystalline samples. Sorption behavior of the crystalline phase has been interpreted on the basis of Langmuir equation. Moreover, the chloroform sorption at low activities in the crystalline nanoporous phase has been predicted by using Grand Canonical Monte Carlo molecular simulations. Isosteric heats of sorption were also experimentally evaluated for the crystalline phase, and compared with the corresponding prediction of molecular simulation. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 8–15, 2008