bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Post-operative ECG Changes as a Predictor of Post-pericardiotomy Syndrome Following Atrial Septal Defect Repair
Authors: Hyberg Kristen , El-Assaad Iqbal , Liu Wei , El-Assaad Iqbal , Baloglu Orkun , Heching Howard , Hanna William 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo identify risk factors associated with post-pericardiotomy syndrome (PPS) in patients undergoing surgical repair of atrial septal defects (ASD). A single-center retrospective study. Tertiary academic hospital. Included were patients of all ages who underwent surgical ASD repair, while exclusion criteria included the absence of post-operative electrocardiogram (ECG), lack of follow-up post-discharge and factors hindering ECG interpretation. Demographic and clinical data, including ECG changes indicative of pericardial inflammation, were collected. The primary outcome measure was the development of PPS, determined based on the standardized European Society of Cardiology (ESC) criteria. Among 190 patients who underwent surgical ASD repair, 154 (81%) met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 25 (16%)in total developed PPS, of which 60% were ≥ 18 years of age and 56% female. Significant associations relating both early ECG changes and pre-discharge pericardial effusion with subsequent occurrence of PPS were found in both univariate and multivariate analyses. The study establishes correlations of both early post-operative ECG changes indicative of inflammation and pre-discharge pericardial effusion with subsequent occurrence of PPS in patients undergoing surgical ASD repair. Both utilizing the standardized ESC definition of PPS and incorporating a physician-validated ECG evaluation strengthened the methodologic approach in establishing these relationships. The results also highlight the importance of considering age as a potential risk factor for PPS. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore additional risk factors predicting early identification and management of patients at high risk for PPS following surgical ASD repairs.
Diagnostic accuracy of intrathecal fluorescein versus other radiological modalities in evaluating non-congenital skull base defects: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: AlSharhan Salma S. , Aljubran Hussain J. , Alrusayyis Danah F. , AlGhuneem Aishah A. , AlMarzouq Wasan F. , Al Bar Mohammed H. , AlSaied Abdulmalik S. , Ashoor Mona M. , ALEnazi Abdulaziz S. , Alghamdi Amal A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The intraoperative detection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks during endoscopic skull base surgery is critical to ensure watertight sealed defects. Intrathecal fluorescein (ITF) is a valuable adjunct to intraoperative investigation. Hence, our aim is to summarize the evidence of the efficacy of ITF as an accurate diagnostic modality and reconstruction guide for non-congenital skull base defects.

Methods
Using the Cochrane Central, MEDLINE, and Embase databases, we identified studies involving the use of ITF in non-congenital CSF leaks which were published until November 2023. The STATA 18 software was used for meta-analysis.

Results
Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria, in which seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. ITF was used in 1898 (90.3%) of patients, with a detection rate of 88.1%. The overall detection rate of non-congenital CSF leaks among ITF concentrations of 5% and 10% had a statistically significant pooled effect size of 2.6 (95% CI = 2.25, 2.95), while when comparing the ITF to other alternative radiological tests, it was not statistically significant with a mean difference of 0.88 (95% CI = − 0.4, 2.16). Moreover, the pooled prevalence was statistically significant in regards of the complications associated with ITF with an effect size of 0.6 (95% CI = 0.39, 0.82), indicating that 60% of patients who underwent ITF would experience at least one of the measured complications.

Conclusion
ITF is considered as an efficient tool in localizing skull base defects. However, there was no significant results when comparing the ITF to other alternative radiological tests. Accordingly, if the ITF intervention is indicated, patients should be carefully selected based on their clinical need.
Comparison of classical, coblation, and combined adenoidectomy techniques in paediatric patients: a single-blind, prospective study
Authors: Alaskarov Elvin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background and objectives
Adenoidectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgeries in pediatric otolaryngological practice. This prospective study compared three different adenoidectomy techniques' intra-operative and postoperative outcomes in pediatric patients. The techniques evaluated were classical (blind curettage), coblation, and a combined approach.

Materials and methods
Ninety pediatric patients undergoing adenoidectomy were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into three groups based on the technique used: Group A, classical adenoidectomy (blind curettage); Group B, coblation adenoidectomy and Group C, combined (blind curettage + coblation) adenoidectomy. The intra-operative time, degree of bleeding, and complications during and after the operations were recorded.

Results
Group A had a significantly shorter operative time than the other groups. However, there was no significant difference in the mean operative time between Groups B and C. The mean amount of intra-operative bleeding differed significantly among the groups. Group B had significantly less bleeding than Group A or Group C. The amount of bleeding also differed significantly between Groups A and C. The postoperative pain scores did not differ significantly among the groups. While complications were infrequent in all groups, Group C did not exhibit a higher complication rate than Groups A and B. The absence of residual or recurrent adenoid tissue in any of the groups during long-term follow-up examinations highlights the effectiveness of all three adenoidectomy techniques in preventing adenoid regrowth.

Conclusions
The combined approach, which was one of the techniques studied, demonstrated an intermediate profile in terms of operative time and intra-operative bleeding compared to the classical and coblation techniques. These findings suggest that this combined approach may be a feasible option for adenoidectomy in pediatric patients, considering its similar low incidence of postoperative complications.
NFL and GFAP in (pre)symptomatic RVCL-S carriers: a monogenic cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Wilms Annelise E. , de Boer I. , Pelzer N. , in’t Veld S. G. J. G. , Middelkoop H. A. M. , Teunissen C. E. , Terwindt G. M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) have emerged as biomarkers for cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). We investigated their role in a hereditary SVD model, retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy and systemic manifestations (RVCL-S).

Methods
NfL and GFAP levels of 17 pre-symptomatic, 22 symptomatic RVCL-S mutation carriers and 69 controls were measured using a Simoa assay. We assessed the association of serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of NfL and GFAP with RVCL-S symptomatology and neuropsychological functioning.

Results
Serum and CSF NfL levels were higher in symptomatic RVCL-S compared to controls ≥ 45 years (33.5 pg/mL vs. 9.2 pg/mL, p < 0.01; 8.5*102 pg/mL vs. 3.9*102 pg/mL, p < 0.01, respectively). Serum NfL levels were higher in symptomatic RVCL-S than pre-symptomatic carriers (33.5 pg/mL vs. 5.9 pg/mL, p = 0.02). Pre-symptomatic RVCL-S carriers had increased CSF NfL levels compared to controls < 45 years (5.2*102 pg/mL vs. 1.9*102 pg/mL, p < 0.01). No differences were found in GFAP levels across groups, but in RVCL-S carriers higher serum levels of both NfL and GFAP were linked to poorer global cognitive functioning (β[95%CI] = − 2.86 [− 5.58 to − 0.13], p = 0.04 and β[95%CI] =  − 6.85 [− 11.54 to − 2.15], p = 0.01, respectively) and prolonged psychomotor test times (β[95%CI] = 6.71 [0.78–12.65], p = 0.03 and β[95%CI] = 13.84 [3.09–24.60], p = 0.01).

Discussion
Higher levels of serum NfL and GFAP are associated with worse cognitive functioning in RVCL-S carriers and may serve as marker for disease progression. CSF NfL levels may serve as early marker as pre-symptomatic RVCL-S patients already show differences compared to young controls.
Wernicke’s functional neuroanatomy model of language turns 150: what became of its psychological reflex arcs?
Authors: Roelofs Ardi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWernicke (Der aphasische Symptomencomplex: Eine psychologische Studie auf anatomischer Basis. Cohn und Weigert, Breslau. https://wellcomecollection.org/works/dwv5w9rw, 1874) proposed a model of the functional neuroanatomy of spoken word repetition, production, and comprehension. At the heart of this epoch-making model are psychological reflex arcs underpinned by fiber tracts connecting sensory to motor areas. Here, I evaluate the central assumption of psychological reflex arcs in light of what we have learned about language in the brain during the past 150 years. I first describe Wernicke’s 1874 model and the evidence he presented for it. Next, I discuss his updates of the model published in 1886 and posthumously in 1906. Although the model had an enormous immediate impact, it lost influence after the First World War. Unresolved issues included the anatomical underpinnings of the psychological reflex arcs, the role of auditory images in word production, and the sufficiency of psychological reflex arcs, which was questioned by Wundt (Grundzüge der physiologischen Psychologie. Engelmann, Leipzig. http://vlp.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/references?id=lit46, 1874; Grundzüge der physiologischen Psychologie (Vol. 1, 5th ed.). Engelmann, Leipzig. http://vlp.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/references?id=lit806, 1902). After a long dormant period, Wernicke’s model was revived by Geschwind (Science 170:940–944. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.170.3961.940, 1970; Selected papers on language and the brain. Reidel, Dordrecht, 1974), who proposed a version of it that differed in several important respects from Wernicke’s original. Finally, I describe how new evidence from modern research has led to a novel view on language in the brain, supplementing contemporary equivalents of psychological reflex arcs by other mechanisms such as attentional control and assuming different neuroanatomical underpinnings. In support of this novel view, I report new analyses of patient data and computer simulations using the WEAVER++/ARC model (Roelofs 2014, 2022) that incorporates attentional control and integrates the new evidence.
Arterial hypertension in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia following surgical repair
Authors: Engel Clara , Leyens Judith , Bo Bartolomeo , Hale Lennart , Lagos Kalhoff Hannah , Lemloh Lotte , Mueller Andreas , Kipfmueller Florian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) and cardiac dysfunction are established comorbidities of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). However, there is very little data focusing on arterial hypertension in CDH. This study aims to investigate the incidence of arterial hypertension in neonates with CDH at hospital discharge. Archived clinical data of 167 CDH infants who received surgical repair of the diaphragmatic defect and survived for > 60 days were retrospectively analyzed. Blood pressure (BP) values were averaged for the last 7 days before discharge and compared to standard BP values for sex, age, and height provided by the AHA in 2004. BP values reaching or extending the 95th percentile were defined as arterial hypertension. The use of antihypertensive medication was analyzed at discharge and during hospitalization. Arterial hypertension at discharge was observed in 19 of 167 infants (11.3%) of which 12 (63%) were not receiving antihypertensive medication. Eighty patients (47.9%) received antihypertensive medication at any point during hospitalization and 28.9% of 152 survivors (n = 44) received antihypertensive medication at discharge, although in 45.5% (n = 20) of patients receiving antihypertensive medication, the indication for antihypertensive medication was myocardial hypertrophy or frequency control. BP was significantly higher in ECMO compared to non-ECMO patients, despite a similar incidence of arterial hypertension in both groups (13.8% vs. 10.1%, p = 0.473). Non-isolated CDH, formula feeding, and minimal creatinine in the first week of life were significantly associated with arterial hypertension on univariate analysis. Following multivariate analysis, only minimal creatinine remained independently associated with arterial hypertension. Conclusion: This study demonstrates a moderately high incidence of arterial hypertension in CDH infants at discharge and an independent association of creatinine values with arterial hypertension. Physicians should be aware of this risk and include regular BP measurements and test of renal function in CDH care and follow-up.

What is Known:• Due to decreasing mortality, morbidity is increasing in surviving CDH patients.• Pulmonary hypertension and cardiac dysfunction are well-known cardiovascular comorbidities of CDH.

What is New:• There is a moderately high incidence of arterial hypertension in CDH infants at discharge even in a population with frequent treatment with antihypertensive medication.• A more complicated hospital course (ECMO, higher degree of PH, larger defect size) was associated with a higher risk for arterial hypertension.
Probabilistic sigma taxonomy of Darwin’s finches (Galápagos)
Authors: Thackeray Francis 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA study is undertaken using anatomical measurements of specimens attributed to six species of Geospiza, the ground finches from the Galápagos archipelago. In a demonstration of method, a probabilistic approach associated with “sigma taxonomy” is adopted to assess the probability that pairs of specimens are or are not conspecific. We use a definition of a species based on morphometric analyses of the kind previously undertaken on extant vertebrate taxa (including mammals, birds and reptiles), using pairwise comparisons of anatomical measurements in regression analyses of the form y = mx + c from which the log-transformed standard error of the m-coefficient is calculated (“log sem”). The latter statistic is a reflection of variability in morphology. There is a high probability that at a species level, specimens attributed to G. magnirostris are different from those attributed to G. fulginosa, G. difficilis or G. scandens. Results of this study, using probabilistic sigma taxonomy, confirm the refutation of a single species hypothesis. In addition, we apply the log sem method to demonstrate that in case of comparisons between G. fortis and G. scandens (which are known to hybridise), there is a high probability that they are not different at a species level.
Loss-of-function variants affecting the STAGA complex component SUPT7L cause a developmental disorder with generalized lipodystrophy
Authors: Kopp Johannes , Koch Leonard A. , Lyubenova Hristiana , Küchler Oliver , Holtgrewe Manuel , Ivanov Andranik , Dubourg Christele , Launay Erika , Brachs Sebastian , Mundlos Stefan , Ehmke Nadja , Seelow Dominik , Fradin Mélanie , Kornak Uwe , Fischer-Zirnsak Björn 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGeneralized lipodystrophy is a feature of various hereditary disorders, often leading to a progeroid appearance. In the present study we identified a missense and a frameshift variant in a compound heterozygous state in SUPT7L in a boy with intrauterine growth retardation, generalized lipodystrophy, and additional progeroid features. SUPT7L encodes a component of the transcriptional coactivator complex STAGA. By transcriptome sequencing, we showed the predicted missense variant to cause aberrant splicing, leading to exon truncation and thereby to a complete absence of SUPT7L in dermal fibroblasts. In addition, we found altered expression of genes encoding DNA repair pathway components. This pathway was further investigated and an increased rate of DNA damage was detected in proband-derived fibroblasts and genome-edited HeLa cells. Finally, we performed transient overexpression of wildtype SUPT7L in both cellular systems, which normalizes the number of DNA damage events. Our findings suggest SUPT7L as a novel disease gene and underline the link between genome instability and progeroid phenotypes.
Outcome 10 years after Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC)-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome: importance of long-term follow-up
Authors: Rosales Alejandra , Kuppelwieser Sarah , Giner Thomas , Hofer Johannes , Riedl Khursigara Magdalena , Orth-Höller Dorothea , Borena Wegene , Cortina Gerard , Jungraithmayr Therese , Würzner Reinhard ,   for the German-Austrian H. U. S.-Study Group
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is an important cause of acute kidney injury in children. HUS is known as an acute disease followed by complete recovery, but patients may present with kidney abnormalities after long periods of time. This study evaluates the long-term outcome of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli-associated HUS (STEC-HUS) in pediatric patients, 10 years after the acute phase of disease to identify risk factors for long-term sequelae.

Methods
Over a 6-year period, 619 patients under 18 years of age with HUS (490 STEC-positive, 79%) were registered in Austria and Germany. Long-term follow-up data of 138 STEC-HUS-patients were available after 10 years for analysis.

Results
A total of 66% (n = 91, 95% CI 0.57–0.73) of patients fully recovered showing no sequelae after 10 years. An additional 34% (n = 47, 95% CI 0.27–0.43) presented either with decreased glomerular filtration rate (24%), proteinuria (23%), hypertension (17%), or neurological symptoms (3%). Thirty had sequelae 1 year after STEC-HUS, and the rest presented abnormalities unprecedented at the 2-year (n = 2), 3-year (n = 3), 5-year (n = 3), or 10-year (n = 9) follow-up. A total of 17 patients (36.2%) without kidney abnormalities at the 1-year follow-up presented with either proteinuria, hypertension, or decreased eGFR in subsequent follow-up visits. Patients needing extracorporeal treatments during the acute phase were at higher risk of presenting symptoms after 10 years (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Patients with STEC-HUS should undergo regular follow-up, for a minimum of 10 years following their index presentation, due to the risk of long-term sequelae of their disease. An initial critical illness, marked by need of kidney replacement therapy or plasma treatment may help predict poor long-term outcome.

Graphical abstract
Does glenoid inclination affect the anterior stability of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty? A biomechanical study
Authors: Pastor Marc-Frederic , Nebel Dennis , Becker Lennart Mathis , Hurschler Christof , Karrer Alba Aurora , Smith Tomas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The anterior stability of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty is affected by multiple factors. However, the effect of glenosphere inclination on stability has rarely been investigated, which is what this study aims to look into.

Methods
Reverse shoulder arthroplasty was performed on 15 cadaveric human shoulders. The anterior dislocation forces and range of motion in internal rotation in the glenohumeral joint (primary measured parameters) were tested in a shoulder simulator in different arm positions and implant configurations, as well as with a custom-made 10° inferiorly inclined glenosphere. The inclination and retroversion of the baseplate as well as the distance between the glenoid and coracoid tip in two planes (secondary measured parameters) were evaluated on CT scans.

Results
In biomechanical testing, the custom-made inclined glenosphere showed no significant influence on anterior stability other than glenoid lateralisation over all arm positions as well as the neck-shaft angle in two arm positions. The 6 mm lateralised glenosphere reduced internal rotation at 30° and 60° of glenohumeral abduction. In 30° of glenohumeral abduction, joint stability was increased using the 155° epiphysis compared with the 145° epiphysis. The mean inclination was 16.1°. The inclination was positively, and the distance between the glenoid and coracoid tip in the anterior-to-posterior direction was negatively correlated with anterior dislocation forces.

Conclusions
The custom-made inferiorly inclined glenosphere did not influence anterior stability, but baseplate inclination itself had a significant effect on stability.
Confinement of N-Body Systems and Non-integer Dimensions
Authors: Garrido E. , Jensen A. S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe squeezing process of a three-dimensional quantum system by use of an external deformed one-body oscillator potential can also be described by the d-method, without external field and where the dimension can take non-integer values. In this work we first generalize both methods to N particles and any transition between dimensions below 3. Once this is done, the use of harmonic oscillator interactions between the particles allows complete analytic solutions of both methods, and a direct comparison between them is possible. Assuming that both methods describe the same process, leading to the same ground state energy and wave function, an analytic equivalence between the methods arises. The equivalence between both methods and the validity of the derived analytic relation between them is first tested for two identical bosons and for squeezing transitions from 3 to 2 and 1 dimensions, as well as from 2 to 1 dimension. We also investigate the symmetric squeezing from 3 to 1 dimensions of a system made of three identical bosons. We have in all the cases found that the derived analytic relations between the two methods work very well. This fact permits to relate both methods also for large squeezing scenarios, where the brute force numerical calculation with the external field is too much demanding from the numerical point of view, especially for systems with more than two particles.
Minimal extensions in smooth dynamics
Authors: Dirbák Matúš 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA classical result of Fathi and Herman from 1977 states that a smooth compact connected manifold without boundary admitting a locally free action of a 1-torus, respectively, an almost free action of a 2-torus, admits a minimal diffeomorphism, respectively, a minimal flow. In the first part of our paper we study the existence of locally free and almost free actions of tori on homogeneous spaces of compact connected Lie groups, thus providing new examples of spaces admitting minimal diffeomorphisms or flows. In the second part we combine the ideas of Fathi and Herman with our recent ideas to study the existence of minimal skew products over certain minimal flows with general connected Lie groups as acting groups. Our results apply to so called flows with free cycles. In the last part of our work we study the existence of free cycles in homogeneous flows.
Silver ciprofloxacin (CIPAG): a multitargeted metallodrug in the development of breast cancer therapy
Authors: Banti Christina N. , Kalousi Foteini D. , Psarra Anna-Maria G. , Moushi Eleni E. , Leonidas Demetres D. , Hadjikakou Sotiris K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe anti-proliferative activity of the known metalloantibiotic {[Ag(CIPH)2]NO3∙0.75MeOH∙1.2H2O} (CIPAG) (CIPH = ciprofloxacin) against the human breast adenocarcinoma cancer cells MCF-7 (hormone dependent (HD)) and MDA-MB-231 (hormone independent (HI)) is evaluated. The in vitro toxicity and genotoxicity of the metalloantibiotic were estimated toward fetal lung fibroblast (MRC-5) cells. The molecular mechanism of the CIPAG activity against MCF-7 cells was clarified by the (i) cell morphology, (ii) cell cycle arrest, (iii) mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, and (iv) by the assessment of the possible differential effect of CIPAG on estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) transcriptional activation, applying luciferase reporter gene assay. Moreover, the ex vivo mechanism of CIPAG was clarified by its binding affinity toward calf thymus (CT-DNA).
Graphical abstract