bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping the Vertical Gas Structure of the Planet-hosting PDS 70 Disk
Authors: Law Charles J. , Benisty Myriam , Facchini Stefano , Teague Richard , Bae Jaehan , Isella Andrea , Kamp Inga , Öberg Karin I. , Portilla-Revelo Bayron , Rampinelli Luna 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
PDS 70 hosts two massive, still-accreting planets and the inclined orientation of its protoplanetary disk presents a unique opportunity to directly probe the vertical gas structure of a planet-hosting disk. Here, we use high-spatial-resolution (≈0.″1; 10 au) observations in a set of CO isotopologue lines and HCO+
J = 4−3 to map the full 2D (r, z) disk structure from the disk atmosphere, as traced by 12CO, to closer to the midplane, as probed by less abundant isotopologues and HCO+. In the PDS 70 disk, 12CO traces a height of z/r ≈ 0.3, 13CO is found at z/r ≈ 0.1, and C18O originates at, or near, the midplane. The HCO+ surface arises from z/r ≈ 0.2 and is one of the few non-CO emission surfaces constrained with high-fidelity in disks to date. In the 12CO J = 3−2 line, we resolve a vertical dip and steep rise in height at the cavity wall, making PDS 70 the first transition disk where this effect is directly seen in line-emitting heights. In the outer disk, the CO emission heights of PDS 70 appear typical for its stellar mass and disk size and are not substantially altered by the two inner embedded planets. By combining CO isotopologue and HCO+ lines, we derive the 2D gas temperature structure and estimate a midplane CO snowline of ≈ 56–85 au. This implies that both PDS 70b and 70c are located interior to the CO snowline and are likely accreting gas with a high C/O ratio of ≈ 1.0, which provides context for future planetary atmospheric measurements from, e.g., JWST, and for properly modeling their formation histories.
Assessing the Performance of the ADAPT and AFT Flux Transport Models Using In Situ Measurements from Multiple Satellites
Authors: Knizhnik Kalman J. , Weberg Micah J. , Provornikova Elena , Warren Harry P. , Linton Mark G. , Shaik Shaheda Begum , Ko Yuan-Kuen , Schonfeld Samuel J. , Ugarte-Urra Ignacio , Upton Lisa A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The launches of Parker Solar Probe (Parker) and Solar Orbiter (SolO) are enabling a new era of solar wind studies that track the solar wind from its origin at the photosphere, through the corona, to multiple vantage points in the inner heliosphere. A key ingredient for these models is the input photospheric magnetic field map that provides the boundary condition for the coronal portion of many heliospheric models. In this paper, we perform steady-state, data-driven magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the solar wind during Carrington rotation 2258 with the Grid GAMERA model. We use the ADAPT and AFT flux transport models and quantitatively assess how well each model matches in situ measurements from Parker, SolO, and Earth. We find that both models reproduce the magnetic field components at Parker quantitatively well. At SolO and Earth, the magnetic field is reproduced relatively well, though not as well as at Parker, and the density is reproduced extremely poorly. The velocity is overpredicted at Parker, but not at SolO or Earth, hinting that the Wang–Sheeley–Arge (WSA) relation, fine-tuned for Earth, misses the deceleration of the solar wind near the Sun. We conclude that AFT performs quantitatively similarly to ADAPT in all cases, and that both models are comparable to a purely WSA heliospheric treatment with no MHD component. Finally, we trace field lines from SolO back to an active region outflow that was observed by Hinode/EIS, and which shows evidence of elevated charge state ratios.
Mapping the Growth of Supermassive Black Holes as a Function of Galaxy Stellar Mass and Redshift
Authors: Zou Fan , Yu Zhibo , Brandt W. N. , Tak Hyungsuk , Yang Guang , Ni Qingling 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The growth of supermassive black holes is strongly linked to their galaxies. It has been shown that the population mean black hole accretion rate (

BHAR

¯

) primarily correlates with the galaxy stellar mass (M
⋆) and redshift for the general galaxy population. This work aims to provide the best measurements of

BHAR

¯

as a function of M
⋆ and redshift over ranges of 109.5 < M
⋆ < 1012
M
⊙ and z < 4. We compile an unprecedentedly large sample with 8000 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and 1.3 million normal galaxies from nine high-quality survey fields following a wedding cake design. We further develop a semiparametric Bayesian method that can reasonably estimate

BHAR

¯

and the corresponding uncertainties, even for sparsely populated regions in the parameter space.

BHAR

¯

is constrained by X-ray surveys sampling the AGN accretion power and UV-to-infrared multiwavelength surveys sampling the galaxy population. Our results can independently predict the X-ray luminosity function (XLF) from the galaxy stellar mass function (SMF), and the prediction is consistent with the observed XLF. We also try adding external constraints from the observed SMF and XLF. We further measure

BHAR

¯

for star-forming and quiescent galaxies and show that star-forming

BHAR

¯

is generally larger than or at least comparable to the quiescent

BHAR

¯

.
Contribution of γ-Ray Burst Afterglow Emissions to the Isotropic Diffuse γ-Ray Background
Authors: Min Fang-Sheng , Yao Yu-Hua , Liu Ruo-Yu , Chen Shi , Lu Hong , Guo Yi-Qing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The isotropic diffuse γ-ray background (IGRB) serves as a fundamental probe of the evolution of the extreme Universe. Although various astrophysical sources have been proposed as potential contributors to the IGRB, the dominant population is still under debate. γ-ray bursts (GRBs) are among candidate contributors of IGRB, although they are not as frequently discussed as blazars or starburst galaxies. Recent observations of TeV emission from GRB afterglows have provided fresh insights into this subject. This work aims to investigate the potential contribution of GRB afterglows to the IGRB under the standard afterglow model. We carefully examine the influence of each microphysical parameter of the afterglow model on this contribution, with a particular emphasis on the significant role played by the initial kinematic energy. To determine the energy and quantify the contribution of GRB afterglow to IGRBs, we utilize the observed GRB afterglow energy emissions from the Swift X-ray Telescope and Fermi Large Area Telescope instruments. Our calculations, considering the synchrotron self-Compton emission, suggest that GRB afterglows make up less than 10% of the IGRBs. To enhance the precision of our findings, it is crucial to further constrain these parameters by conducting additional ground-based observations of GRB afterglows.
An Unusual Pulse Shape Change Event in PSR J1713+0747 Observed with the Green Bank Telescope and CHIME
Authors: Jennings Ross J. , Cordes James M. , Chatterjee Shami , McLaughlin Maura A. , Demorest Paul B. , Arzoumanian Zaven , Baker Paul T. , Blumer Harsha , Brook Paul R. , Cohen Tyler , Crawford Fronefield , Cromartie H. Thankful , DeCesar Megan E. , Dolch Timothy , Ferrara Elizabeth C. , Fonseca Emmanuel , Good Deborah C. , Hazboun Jeffrey S. , Jones Megan L. , Kaplan David L. , Lam Michael T. , Lazio T. Joseph W. , Lorimer Duncan R. , Luo Jing , Lynch Ryan S. , McKee James W. , Madison Dustin R. , Meyers Bradley W. , Mingarelli Chiara M. F. , Nice David J. , Pennucci Timothy T. , Perera Benetge B. P. , Pol Nihan S. , Ransom Scott M. , Ray Paul S. , Shapiro-Albert Brent J. , Siemens Xavier , Stairs Ingrid H. , Stinebring Daniel R. , Swiggum Joseph K. , Tan Chia Min , Taylor Stephen R. , Vigeland Sarah J. , Witt Caitlin A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The millisecond pulsar J1713+0747 underwent a sudden and significant pulse shape change between 2021 April 16 and 17 (MJDs 59320 and 59321). Subsequently, the pulse shape gradually recovered over the course of several months. We report the results of continued multifrequency radio observations of the pulsar made using the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment and the 100 m Green Bank Telescope in a 3 yr period encompassing the shape change event, between 2020 February and 2023 February. As of 2023 February, the pulse shape had returned to a state similar to that seen before the event, but with measurable changes remaining. The amplitude of the shape change and the accompanying time-of-arrival residuals display a strong nonmonotonic dependence on radio frequency, demonstrating that the event is neither a glitch (the effects of which should be independent of radio frequency, ν) nor a change in dispersion measure alone (which would produce a delay proportional to ν
−2). However, it does bear some resemblance to the two previous “chromatic timing events” observed in J1713+0747, as well as to a similar event observed in PSR J1643−1224 in 2015.
Velocity Dispersions of Quiescent Galaxies in IllustrisTNG
Authors: Sohn Jubee , Geller Margaret J. , Borrow Josh , Vogelsberger Mark 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We examine the central stellar velocity dispersion of subhalos based on IllustrisTNG cosmological hydrodynamic simulations. The central velocity dispersion is a fundamental observable that links galaxies with their dark matter subhalos. We carefully explore simulated stellar velocity dispersions derived with different definitions to assess possible systematics. We explore the impact of variation in the identification of member stellar particles, the viewing axes, the velocity dispersion computation technique, and simulation resolution. None of these issues impact the velocity dispersion significantly; any systematic uncertainties are smaller than the random error. We examine the stellar mass–velocity dispersion relation as an observational test of the simulations. At fixed stellar mass, the observed velocity dispersions significantly exceed the simulation results. This discrepancy is an interesting benchmark for the IllustrisTNG simulations because the simulations are not explicitly tuned to match this relation. We demonstrate that the stellar velocity dispersion provides measures of the dark matter velocity dispersion and the dark matter subhalo mass.
A Measurement of the Assembly of Milky Way Analogs at Redshifts 0.5 < z < 2 with Resolved Stellar Mass and Star Formation Rate Profiles
Authors: Tan Vivian Yun Yan , Muzzin Adam , Marchesini Danilo , Sok Visal , Sarrouh Ghassan T. E. , Marsan Z. Cemile 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The resolved mass assembly of Milky Way–mass galaxies has been previously studied in simulations, the local Universe, and at higher redshifts using infrared (IR) light profiles. To better characterize the mass assembly of Milky Way analogs (MWAs), as well as their changes in star formation rate (SFR) and color gradients, we construct resolved stellar mass and SFR maps of MWA progenitors selected with abundance matching techniques up to z ∼2 using deep, multiwavelength imaging data from the Hubble Frontier Fields. Our results using stellar mass profiles agree well with previous studies that utilize IR light profiles, showing that the inner 2 kpc of the galaxies and the regions beyond 2 kpc exhibit similar rates of stellar mass growth. This indicates the progenitors of MWAs from z ∼ 2 to the present do not preferentially grow their bulges or their disks. The evolution of the SFR profiles indicates a greater decrease in SFR density in the inner regions versus the outer regions. Sérsic parameters indicate modest growth in the central regions at lower redshifts, perhaps indicating slight bulge growth. However, the Sérsic index does not rise above n ∼ 2 until z < 0.5, meaning these galaxies are still disk-dominated systems. We find that the half-mass radii of the MWA progenitors increase between 1.5 < z < 2, but remain constant at later epochs (z < 1.5). This implies mild bulge growth since z ∼ 2 in MWA progenitors, in line with previous MWA mass assembly studies.
A Study of the Radio Spectrum of Mrk 421
Authors: Lee Jee Won , Lee Sang-Sung , Hodgson Jeffrey , Algaba Juan-Carlos , Kim Sanghyun , Cheong Whee Yeon , Jeong Hyeon-Woo , Kang Sincheol 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We present the results of a spectral analysis using simultaneous multifrequency (22, 43, 86, and 129 GHz) very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of the Korean VLBI Network on BL Lac object, Markarian 421. The data we used were obtained from 2013 January to 2018 June. The light curves showed several flux enhancements with global decreases. To separate the variable and quiescent components in the multifrequency light curves for milliarcsecond-scale emission regions, we assumed that the quiescent radiation comes from the emission regions radiating constant optically thin synchrotron emissions (i.e., a minimum flux density with an optically thin spectral index). The quiescent spectrum determined from the multifrequency light curves was subtracted from the total CLEAN flux density, yielding a variable component in the flux that produces the time-dependent spectrum. We found that the observed spectra were flat at 22–43 GHz, and relatively steep at 43–86 GHz, whereas the quiescent-corrected spectra are sometimes quite different from the observed spectra (e.g., sometimes inverted at 22–43 GHz). The quiescent-corrected spectral indices were much more variable than the observed spectral indices. This spectral investigation implies that the quiescent-spectrum correction can significantly affect the multifrequency spectral index of variable compact radio sources such as blazars. Therefore, the synchrotron self-absorption B-field strength (B
SSA) can be significantly affected because B
SSA is proportional to the fifth power of turnover frequency.
StellarGAN: Classifying Stellar Spectra with Generative Adversarial Networks in SDSS and APOGEE Sky Surveys
Authors: Liu Wei , Cao Shuo , Yu Xian-Chuan , Zhu Meng , Biesiada Marek , Yao Jiawen , Du Minghao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Extracting precise stellar labels is crucial for large spectroscopic surveys like the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and APOGEE. In this paper, we report the newest implementation of StellarGAN, a data-driven method based on generative adversarial networks (GANs). Using 1D operators like convolution, the 2D GAN is modified into StellarGAN. This allows it to learn the relevant features of 1D stellar spectra without needing labels for specific stellar types. We test the performance of StellarGAN on different stellar spectra trained on SDSS and APOGEE data sets. Our result reveals that StellarGAN attains the highest overall F1-score on SDSS data sets (F1-score = 0.82, 0.77, 0.74, 0.53, 0.51, 0.61, and 0.55, for O-type, B-type, A-type, F-type, G-type, K-type, and M-type stars) when the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is low (90% of the spectra have an S/N < 50), with 1% of labeled spectra used for training. Using 50% of the labeled spectral data for training, StellarGAN consistently demonstrates performance that surpasses or is comparable to that of other data-driven models, as evidenced by the F1-scores of 0.92, 0.77, 0.77, 0.84, 0.84, 0.80, and 0.67. In the case of APOGEE (90% of the spectra have an S/N < 500), our method is also superior regarding its comprehensive performance (F1-score = 0.53, 0.60, 0.56, 0.56, and 0.78 for A-type, F-type, G-type, K-type, and M-type stars) with 1% of labeled spectra for training, manifesting its learning ability out of a limited number of labeled spectra. Our proposed method is also applicable to other types of data that need to be classified (such as gravitational-wave signals, light curves, etc.).
Analysis of radwaste accumulation in various scenarios of NP development
Authors: Kashirsky Andrey A. , Solomatin Vladimir M. , Panov Sergey A. , Rodina Elena A. , Egorov Alexander V. , Dmitriev Sergey A. , Shulga Alexey Y. 
Published: March 2024

Within the framework of “Proryv” project a radiation-equivalent approach to radioactive waste management is being envisioned with U and Pu recycling and MA transmutation. Successful industry-wide implementation of the design approaches should be planned in order to avoid considerable financial and radiological encumbrances caused by the NFC final stage for two-component nuclear power system (NPS) under formation on the basis of thermal and fast reactors. In order to ensure a successful industry-wide implementation of the approaches being developed, the back-end of the NFC should not constitute considerable a financial and radiological burden for the emerging two-component nuclear power system (NPS).
This article addresses the problems concerning justification of radiological and technical-and-economic feasibility of MA partitioning and subsequent transmutation in FNR. The extent of MA accumulation as a result of TNR SNF reprocessing confirms the need for the introduction of MA partitioning technologies not only at all reprocessing plants planned for commissioning, but also at the plants now in operation. Based on available data, the study has shown that the implementation of the closed NFC with FNR contributes to significant reduction in the cost of disposal of radwaste compared to the scenario based exclusively on the development of VVER and open fuel cycle technologies. Recycling plutonium in fast reactors should be implemented in conjunction with MA to address environmental, non-proliferation and economic concerns of the back-end of advanced NFC. Within the scale of the future nuclear power system in Russia, an option such as this can only be realized on the basis of developing a FNR fleet.
Lévi-Strauss postmoderne
Authors: Gomérieux Raphaël 
Published: March 2024

En 1962, Claude Lévi-Strauss suscite l’incrédulité de nombreux commentateurs en affirmant que, selon lui, « le but dernier des sciences humaines n’est pas de constituer l’homme,mais de le dissoudre ». L’anthropologue était perçu comme le dernier représentant d’une modernité confiante en elle-même, dans la tradition de Descartes. La méthode structurale semblait pouvoir appréhender ses objets d’étude avec une objectivité presque mécanique, sans précédent dans les sciences humaines. Or, par cette affirmation issue de La Pensée sauvage, Lévi-Strauss semblait récuser totalement l’idée moderne occidentale de l’homme se dégageant de la nature par la culture. L’ambition du présent article est de comprendre dans quelle mesure la contribution lévi-straussienne aux sciences humaines est en réalité, dès l’origine, d’ordre éminemment postmoderne. L’examen démontre que très tôt, au sein de sa pensée, émergent de nombreuses caractéristiques majeures que l’on peut aujourd’hui considérer comme constitutives du postmoderne.
Les trois morts de la nature
Authors: Husson Suzanne 
Published: March 2024

Au-delà de son sens physique et conceptuel, la mort de la nature peut être analysée au niveau théologique. Cet article se propose de montrer, dans une perspective nietzschéenne, qu’un des aspects de l’angoisse contemporaine concernant les conséquences sur la biosphère de la révolution industrielle est d’ordre théologique, même dans le cadre des sociétés séculières concernées par la « mort de Dieu ». En effet, la nature, malgré son exploitation technique y avait conservé une forme de transcendance divine dont la généalogie est ici retracée en trois étapes. La fin de cette transcendance donne naissance à de nouvelles divinités paradoxales, puisque vulnérables à l’action humaine.
« Le Pygmalion inversé » : simulation et réification de Sade à Silent Hill
Authors: Guex Aimé 
Published: March 2024

L’article part du mythe de Pygmalion, posant l’image d’une statue qui devient humaine, pour s’interroger sur le phénomène opposé, la réification et l’instrumentalisation de l’être humain, ainsi que la simulation de l’inanimé. En quoi ce « Pygmalion inversé » est propice à éveiller divers fantasmes de la psyché ? Comment articule-t-il le réel et l’intime ? À travers la théorie d’Artaud, l’œuvre du marquis de Sade et le jeu vidéo Silent Hill 2, il s’agît d’explorer différentes mises en scène de la réification de l’être humain et des fantasmes ou hantises qui en découlent.
L’horizon d’une épistémologie de l’expérience
Authors: Barbier Jean-Marie , Dutoit Martine 
Published: March 2024

Les auteurs s’interrogent sur l’émergence possible d’une épistémologie de l’expérience comme nouvel horizon de recherche. Cette façon de faire de la recherche s’intéresse moins à l’évaluation des parcours d’expérience qu’au processus même de sa constitution (l’expérience en train de se faire). Les auteurs lient trois postures de recherche : la construction des objets de recherche en termes de transformations simultanées ; l’analyse en termes de covariations et d’interdépendance plutôt qu’en termes de causalité ; la recherche à partir de la singularité des activités et des situations.
Entre didactique professionnelle et analyse des interactions
Authors: Duguay Lucie 
Published: March 2024

Cette contribution interroge les pratiques réelles des tuteurs engagés dans l’accompagnement des étudiants sur la place de travail. L’auteure croise les apports de l’analyse des interactions et ceux du champ de la didactique professionnelle. La perspective inter-actionniste permet de décrire la multimodalité en acte : l’usage de la parole mais aussi les dimensions non verbales de la communication dans le cours même de l’action. Dans une approche de didactique professionnelle, la description et l’identification des différentes ressources interactionnelles permet-tent de dégager des structures conceptuelles et de repérer comment sont organisées les pratiques de formation. L’auteure montre la façon dont ces deux perspectives théoriques et méthodologiques s’enrichissent mutuellement en illustrant ces constructions croisées et simultanées.
La médecine coloniale en Afrique XIX e -XX e siècles : des soignants au service d’une entreprise politique ?
Authors: Peiretti-Courtis Delphine 
Published: March 2024

Cet article vise à mettre en lumière le rôle des médecins coloniaux dans l’entreprise de colonisation opérée par la France, depuis les années 1850 jusqu’aux années 1960. Il s’agit d’étudier les missions et les attributions de ces médecins qui partaient en mission dans les colonies. Acteurs du soin pour les colons, ils prirent également en charge la santé des colonisé.es . Se présentant comme des auxiliaires majeurs du projet colonial, ils contribuèrent à la fois au recrutement de la main d’œuvre et des soldats tout en contribuant à la construction de savoirs et de stéréotypes tenaces sur les « corps noirs »
« Le parti pris de la manière ». Éléments d’une contre-histoire
Authors: Bernadet Arnaud 
Published: March 2024

En face du « style », de la « structure » ou de « l’écriture », l’ensemble des catégories concurrentes qui ont servi à penser le phénomène littéraire, la manière fait figure de demi-concept ou de non-concept. Alors qu’elle a constitué à l’âge classique un terme global, incluant la philosophie politique, la morale, la religion, les arts et la littérature, elle n’apparaît plus au xix e siècle qu’au rang d’une variante du style qui tend à en effacer la spécificité. En vérité, la manière hante aussi bien la Théorie de la démarche de Balzac que la sociologie d’Émile Durkheim. Elle représente plus encore un contre-concept, de nature à la fois artistique et anthropologique, relevant d’une autre tradition épistémologique. Existe au xix e siècle ce que Baudelaire appelait un « parti pris de la manière », marqué par la promotion de l’empiricité et de la subjectivité ainsi que le développement d’une poétique de la malfaçon, sensible de Hugo à Lautréamont ou Corbière.