bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baseline symptom severity and efficacy of Silexan in patients with anxiety disorders: A symptom-based, patient-level analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials
Authors: Dold Markus , Möller Hans-Jürgen , Volz Hans-Peter , Seifritz Erich , Schläfke Sandra , Bartova Lucie , Kasper Siegfried 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The influence of baseline severity on the efficacy of Silexan, a proprietary essential oil from Lavandula angustifolia, in anxiety disorders has not been investigated in a pooled dataset. We report on an individual patient data analysis of all five double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials with Silexan in anxiety disorders. Eligible participants received Silexan 80 mg/d or placebo for 10 weeks. Analyses were based on the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), its psychic and somatic anxiety subscores, and the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) scale. To correlate baseline severity with outcome, patients were segregated into mild, moderate, and severe cases. Altogether 1,172 patients (Silexan, n = 587; placebo, n = 585) were analyzed. For the HAMA total score, we found a significant association between the score at baseline and the treatment effect of Silexan versus placebo at week 10 (p < 0.001). HAMA items from the somatic domain scored lower at baseline and showed less improvement than items from the psychic domain, particularly in patients with mild or moderate baseline symptoms. For CGI item 2 (global improvement), significant efficacy favoring Silexan were observed in mild, moderate, and severe baseline symptom severity. Although significant improvements were found for all subsets, the more severe the initial symptoms, the greater the treatment effects documented by the HAMA. Overall this analysis confirms that Silexan is an effective treatment option in early or mild stages of anxiety disorder. Given its favorable safety profile, Silexan can thus fill a therapeutic gap in the treatment of (subsyndromal) anxiety disorders.
Bees display limited acclimation capacity for heat tolerance
Authors: Gonzalez Victor H. , Herbison Natalie , Robles Perez Gabriela , Panganiban Trisha , Haefner Laura , Tscheulin Thomas , Petanidou Theodora , Hranitz John 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Bees are essential pollinators and understanding their ability to cope with extreme temperature changes is crucial for predicting their resilience to climate change, but studies are limited. We measured the response of the critical thermal maximum (CTMax) to short-term acclimation in foragers of six bee species from the Greek island of Lesvos, which differ in body size, nesting habit, and level of sociality. We calculated the acclimation response ratio as a metric to assess acclimation capacity and tested whether bees’ acclimation capacity was influenced by body size and/or CTMax. We also assessed whether CTMax increases following acute heat exposure simulating a heat wave. Average estimate of CTMax varied among species and increased with body size but did not significantly shift in response to acclimation treatment except in the sweat bee Lasioglossum malachurum. Acclimation capacity averaged 9% among species and it was not significantly associated with body size or CTMax. Similarly, the average CTMax did not increase following acute heat exposure. These results indicate that bees might have limited capacity to enhance heat tolerance via acclimation or in response to prior heat exposure, rendering them physiologically sensitive to rapid temperature changes during extreme weather events. These findings reinforce the idea that insects, like other ectotherms, generally express weak plasticity in CTMax, underscoring the critical role of behavioral thermoregulation for avoidance of extreme temperatures. Conserving and restoring native vegetation can provide bees temporary thermal refuges during extreme weather events.
A common cellular response to broad splicing perturbations is characterized by metabolic transcript downregulation driven by the Mdm2–p53 axis
Authors: Varineau Jade E. , Calo Eliezer 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Disruptions in core cellular processes elicit stress responses that drive cell-state changes leading to organismal phenotypes. Perturbations in the splicing machinery cause widespread mis-splicing, resulting in p53-dependent cell-state changes that give rise to cell-type-specific phenotypes and disease. However, a unified framework for how cells respond to splicing perturbations, and how this response manifests itself in nuanced disease phenotypes, has yet to be established. Here, we show that a p53-stabilizing Mdm2 alternative splicing event and the resulting widespread downregulation of metabolic transcripts are common events that arise in response to various splicing perturbations in both cellular and organismal models. Together, our results classify a common cellular response to splicing perturbations, put forth a new mechanism behind the cell-type-specific phenotypes that arise when splicing is broadly disrupted, and lend insight into the pleiotropic nature of the effects of p53 stabilization in disease.
Przymiotniki 'maksymalny', 'minimalny' w systemie współczesnej polszczyzny
Authors: Piotrowska Adrianna 
Published: March 2024

Artykuł skupia się na parze antonimicznych przymiotników o postaci maksymalny, minimalny oraz wskazaniu ich miejsca w systemie współczesnej polszczyzny, poprzez analizę ich łączliwości składniowo-semantycznej. Wykorzystuje do tego fragmenty klasyfikacji Krystyny Kallas i Jadwigi Wajszczuk i sprawdza, jakie cechy przysługują badanym jednostkom i do jakich klas mogą należeć. Przymiotniki te można traktować jako leksykalne wykładniki superlatywu, a ich znaczenie skupione jest wokół pojęcia możliwości – maksymalny ‘największy z możliwych do osiągnięcia’, minimalny – ‘najmniejszy z możliwych do osiągnięcia’.
Optimal Diagonal Preconditioning
Authors: Qu Zhaonan , Gao Wenzhi , Hinder Oliver , Ye Yinyu , Zhou Zhengyuan 
Published: March 2024

A New Practical Algorithm Enables Optimal Preconditioning A classic and important question in optimization and numerical methods is how to find diagonal preconditioners to maximally reduce the condition number of any matrix with full rank. Until recently, few practical methods could handle large sparse matrices. In “Optimal Diagonal Preconditioning,” the authors show that this problem can be modeled using quasiconvex optimization and semidefinite programming. Leveraging these insights, they develop algorithms to efficiently find optimal diagonal preconditioners for large sparse systems. They find that although heuristic diagonal preconditioners are popular in practice, their performance at reducing condition numbers could have a significant gap to optimal diagonal preconditioners. This work provides theoretical foundation for future works on optimal preconditioning as well as practical implementations that could be used to build more sophisticated software for optimal preconditioning at scale. A main advantage of the framework in “Optimal Diagonal Preconditioning” is its potential to be scaled up to handle even larger matrices, which is an exciting direction for numerical optimization.
Exploring how the uptake of childhood immunisations can be improved in England: A systematic review
Authors: Ames Sophie , Kelly Gill 
Published: March 2024

Background: Childhood immunisations protect communities against preventable and infectious diseases. Coverage for childhood immunisations in the UK is declining and coverage for the MMR vaccine stands at 85.5%, significantly below the target set by the Department of Health and Social Care to achieve herd immunity and prevent sustained disease transmission. Methods: Three medical databases were searched using PICO, supported by the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria and critical appraisal. Results: Reminder and recall activities are identified as a cost-effective method for improving childhood immunisation uptake but targeted, individualised and family-centred interventions should be utilised to promote access to childhood immunisations for underserved populations. Vaccination data should remain up to date and a child's vaccination status should be reviewed and meaningfully discussed at every healthcare contact and staff involved in immunisation should have access to appropriate education, training and support. Recommendations: Understanding how to provide services and improve vaccine coverage for patients who frequently are not brought is identified as an opportunity for further research, as well as analysing the role of public health teams in identifying local inequalities and supporting GP practices to design and deliver bespoke interventions for their community. It is recommended that communication emphasises the safety and effectiveness of vaccines, while highlighting a child's susceptibility or risk to developing complications. Further research is needed to evaluate how best to communicate this to ensure that the information provided is clear and factual and comprehensible to all parents and carers.
Causal associations between rheumatoid arthritis, cataract and glaucoma in European and East Asian populations: A bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study
Authors: Teng Menghao , Wang Jiachen , Su Xiaochen , Tian Ye , Wang Jiqing , Zhang Yingang 
Published: March 2024

Background
Previous studies have indicated a heightened susceptibility to cataract and glaucoma among rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, while it remains uncertain whether RA is causally associated with cataract and glaucoma. A two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to investigate the causal associations between RA, cataract and glaucoma in European and East Asian populations.

Methods
In the European population, genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for cataract (372,386 individuals) and glaucoma (377,277 individuals) were obtained from the FinnGen consortium (R9), while RA summary data were derived from a meta-analysis of GWAS encompassing 97173 samples. In the East Asian population, summary data for cataract (212453 individuals), glaucoma (212453 individuals), and RA (22515 individuals) were sourced from the IEU Open GWAS project. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW, random-effects) method served as the primary analysis, complemented by MR‒Egger regression, weighted median, weighted mode and simple mode methods. Additionally, various sensitivity tests, including Cochran’s Q test, MR‒Egger intercept, MR pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier test and leave-one-out test were performed to detect the heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy and stability of the analysis results.

Results
Following stringent screening, the number of selected instrumental variables ranged from 8 to 56. The IVW results revealed that RA had an increased risk of cataract (OR = 1.041, 95% CI = 1.019–1.064; P = 2.08×10−4) and glaucoma (OR = 1.029, 95% CI = 1.003–1.057; P = 2.94×10−2) in European populations, and RA displayed a positive association with cataract (OR = 1.021, 95% CI = 1.004–1.039; P = 1.64×10−2) in East Asian populations. Other methods also supported those results by IVW, and sensitivity tests showed that our analysis results were credible and stable.

Conclusions
This study revealed a positive causality between RA and the increased risk of cataract and glaucoma, which provides guidance for the early prevention of cataracts and glaucoma in patients with RA and furnishes evidence for the impact of RA-induced inflammation on ophthalmic diseases.
Utilisation of Traditional Maternal Health Care Services Among Rural Women in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: ABAJESUDE Kanyinsola Dorcas , Oyewole Mojisola Fauziyah 
Published: March 2024

Maternal mortality remains high in Nigeria, especially in rural areas where many women avail
themselves of traditional maternal health care from unskilled providers such as traditional birth
attendants (TBAs) . This study examined the use of traditional maternal health care among 120
rural women in 3 local government areas in Oyo State, Nigeria. The survey was conducted using
a questionnaire. The results showed that the average age of the respondents was 35 years, most
were married, had no formal education, were traders/farmers, and had a low monthly income The
primary reason for implementing TBA was increased hospital costs. The primary sources of
information were family members. The main services used were alcoholism, umbilical cords,
and infant circumcision. Overall, 57.5% of respondents used TBA sparingly. There were
significant associations between educational level, age, household size, income, source of
information, selection reasons, and use of TBA. They suggest that the government should
improve awareness of the risks associated with TBA practices, reduce hospital costs, ensure
skilled staffing in health facilities, and appropriately train TBAs.
From High Discipline Referrals to High-Engagement Classrooms: A Design-Based Approach to Creating a Campus-Wide Culture of Positive Learning Support for At-Risk Student Populations through Transforming Educators’ Instructional Teaming Practices
Authors: Claudet Joseph G. 
Published: March 2024

Instructional leaders in many school districts throughout the United States are increasingly confronted with spiraling numbers of discipline referrals from teachers who are unable to manage the off-task behaviors and discipline infractions of the growing percentages of diverse, academically at-risk students populating their classrooms. Many of these at-risk students, who come from families that are economically disadvantaged and have culturally rich and linguistically diverse backgrounds, have become stigmatized and minoritized by an education system whose curricula are often woefully inadequate in being able to meet the unique social and academic support needs of these diverse learners. This article profiles how one high school principal and his instructional turnaround leadership task force colleagues working in a high diversity urban school district utilized multi-leveled data analysis investigative thinking and innovative professional learning program design strategies derived from the education improvement science literature to implement a comprehensive intervention program for ninth through twelfth grade teams of core content teachers and their instructional supervisors. The specific goals of the intervention program were to: 1) change educators’ entrenched pedagogical thinking and instructional planning mindsets regarding the motivation levels and learning capabilities of the high discipline referral students who regularly engage in off-task disruptive behaviors in their classrooms; and 2) transform teachers’ instructional data teaming practices to better serve the academic learning support needs of the campus’s minoritized students. The design-based approach to instructional improvement employed in the high school case study leveraged the use of multiple cycles of new knowledge and skills acquisition, critical self-reflection, and immersive professional learning to assist educators in exploring how to engage together in authentic data teaming and data analysis–informed differentiated instructional planning to craft high-engagement classroom learning environments and interactive instructional units to effectively address the academic development and support needs of the campus’s diverse, at-risk learners.
Kants synthetisches Apriori: zur Auflösung der kosmologischen Antinomien
Authors: Friebe Cord 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
According to Kant, concepts can be used in three different ways, i.e. an empirical (= pre-philosophical) use, a transcendentally real (= philosophically inadequate) use, and a transcendentally ideal (= philosophically reasonable) use. Regarding the concept of the world as a whole, however, Kant misrepresents the empirical meaning and therefore overlooks the transcendentally ideal understanding of “everything”. Along this guiding line, the paper defends Kant’s program of showing that spatiotemporal objects are conditioned by subjective, non-empirical conditions against the charge that it is inconsistent with Kant’s alleged solution of the antinomies. It turns out that Kant’s program is consistent both with ontological realism about the world and with empirical realism about, e.g., the Big Bang. The remaining problem is how to formalize in modal logic unrestricted quantification in its transcendentally ideal usage.
XRCC1 and hOGG1 polymorphisms and endometrial carcinoma: A meta-analysis
Authors: He Shengke , Zhao Xiujuan , Mu Ruifang , Pan Zhongjun , Mai Jinglan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma’s (EC) etiology is complex and involves DNA repair gene polymorphisms like XRCC1-Arg399Gln and hOGG1-Ser326Cys, but their association with the disease is unclear. Following PRISMA, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, collecting data from four databases. The studies needed to be population-based case–control studies examining the association between the named polymorphisms and EC. Quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, and subgroup analyses were conducted based on ethnicity. Seven studies were included. Both polymorphisms were found to significantly increase EC risk, particularly in Caucasians. XRCC1-Arg399Gln showed a dominant model OR of 1.14 (95% CI: 1.01–1.29) and a homozygous model OR of 1.59 (95% CI: 1.12–2.25). The heterozygote model OR for hOGG1-Ser326Cys was 1.29 (95% CI: 1.02–1.63), and the allele OR was 1.31 (95% CI: 1.07–1.60). XRCC1-Arg399Gln and hOGG1-Ser326Cys may increase EC risk, primarily in Caucasian women, emphasizing the role of DNA repair in disease susceptibility. More extensive studies are needed to validate these findings in diverse ethnicities and investigate other DNA repair gene polymorphisms.
Time-dependent Darcy–Forchheimer flow of Casson hybrid nanofluid comprising the CNTs through a Riga plate with nonlinear thermal radiation and viscous dissipation
Authors: Senthilvadivu Karuppiah , Eswaramoorthi Sheniyappan , Loganathan Karuppusamy , Abbas Mohamed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are gaining popularity due to their expanding uses in industrial and technical processes, such as geothermal reservoirs, water and air filters, coatings, solar collection, ceramic material reinforcement, electrostatic dissipation, etc. In addition, the CNTs have superior electrical conductivity and biocompatibility. Based on the aforementioned applications, the current work examines the time-dependent and Darcy–Forchheimer flow of water/glycerin-based Casson hybrid nanofluid formed by single-walled CNTs and multi-walled CNTs over a Riga plate under velocity slip. The energy expression is modeled through nonlinear thermal radiation and viscous dissipation impacts. The incorporation of convective boundary condition into the current model improves its realism. By employing suitable variables, the governing models are re-framed into ordinary differential equations. The bvp4c and the homotopy analysis method are used to find the computational results of the re-framed equations and boundary conditions. The novel characteristics of a variety of physical parameters on velocity, temperature, skin friction coefficient (SFC), and local Nusselt number (LNN) are discussed via graphs, charts, and tables. It is found that the fluid velocity decays when enriching the Forchheimer number, unsteady and porosity parameters. The radiation parameter plays an opposite role in convective heating and cooling cases. The modified Hartmann number enhances the surface drag force, and the Forchheimer number declines the SFC. The unsteady parameter develops the heat transfer rate, and the Forchheimer number suppresses the LNN. The simulated flow problem has many applications in engineering sectors, including ceramic manufacture, heating and cooling systems, energy storage units, thermodynamic processes, and other fields.
Numerical simulation of macroscopic viscoelastic melt filling and mesoscopic spherulite growth
Authors: Wan Huisi , Li Qiang , Li Huan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this work, a non-isothermal viscoelastic computational framework is proposed for macroscopic polymer melt filling and mesoscopic spherulite growth. Firstly, the macroscopic viscoelastic governing equation is solved by coupled level set immersed boundary and finite-volume (LS-IB-FV) method. The melt-air interface is captured by the coupled level-set and volume-of-fluid (CLSVOF) method. And the mesoscopic crystallization behavior is predicted by the phase field model. Then, the numerical simulation for melt filling process is compared with experimental one to validate the coupled method. And it is simulated that the melt filling stage in a complex annular cavity with 17 small solid discs for the semi-crystalline polymer of isotactic polystyrene, and it is studied that the impacts of three different injection velocities on the flow modes, temperature distribution and solidified layers. Finally, in the regions of solidified layers, the growth of spherulites is simulated with/without melt flows at two different points. Numerical results show that the injection velocities can affect the flow modes and temperature distribution significantly. The morphology of polymer spherulite that is consistent with the experimental result can be observed clearly. With flow fields, the spherulites grow faster and densely towards the upstream direction.
Pomponio Gaurico und die leoninen Krieger: Physiognomik als Paradigma
Authors: Eckstein Hannes 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This essay examines how Pomponio Gaurico’s treatise De sculptura, published in 1504, attempted to establish a new visual language for sculptors based on physiognomic treatises handed down from antiquity. By including physiognomics among the fundamental elements of disegno, the young writer expanded its potential from a system of interpretation to a means of representation. It will be argued that the most significant pattern to arise from this new approach was the idealised leonine warrior that originated in the typified equestrian statues of Donatello and Verrocchio, and culminated in sculptures executed by Gaurico’s friends Tullio Lombardo and Andrea Riccio – presumably under the impression of his ideas.