bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of IL-23 receptor expression and gene polymorphism (rs1884444) in Iranian patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Mellati Atiyeh , Soltani Samaneh , Kazemi Tohid , Ahmadzadeh Nooshin , Akhtari Maryam , Madreseh Elham , Jamshidi Ahmadreza , Farhadi Elham , Mahmoudi Mahdi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Through investigating genetic variations, it has been demonstrated that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL-23 receptor (IL23R) gene have a critical role in the pathophysiology of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Here, we investigated whether the IL23R variant (rs1884444) is associated with AS in the Iranian population.

Methods and material
In this research, we analyzed rs1884444 in a group of 425 patients with AS and 400 matched controls. For DNA extraction, the phenol/chloroform technique was utilized. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from the whole blood of 39 patients and 43 healthy controls and total RNA was extracted. Genotyping was performed by amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS)–PCR method. Afterward, the expression level of IL23R was analyzed by the real-time quantitative (Q)-PCR method.

Results
We observed no significant association between the distribution of alleles and genotypes of rs1884444 and susceptibility to AS. In addition, the expression level of IL23R did not differ between PBMCs from AS patients compared to the control group (P = 0.167). Furthermore, the relative expression level of IL23R was positively correlated with the BASDAI (P < 0.01) and BASFI (P < 0.05) scores of the patients.

Conclusion
It appears that IL23R polymorphism (rs1884444) and the level of gene expression might not contribute to the susceptibility to AS in the Iranian population. The correlation of IL23R expression with the level of BASDAI and BASFI scores in patients may be due to the role of the IL-23/IL-23R signaling cascade in inflammation and exert a critical role in the development of AS.
Progress in polymer nonwoven textile materials in electromagnetic interference shielding applications
Authors: Orasugh Jonathan Tersur , Botlhoko Orebotse Joseph , Temane Lesego Tabea , Ray Suprakas Sinha 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMultifunctional flexible conductive materials have generated significant interest in developing future portable electronic systems, including wearable electronics, implantable devices, and many more. Producing wearable electronics materials that are dependable in all-weather situations and provide high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding remains challenging. "electromagnetic textile materials" refers to these wearable EMI shielding garments. One key material that can address the EMI problem facing systems such as wearable/flexible circuit working environments and human health is conductive polymeric nonwoven (NW) textile materials. In this review, our focus is primarily limited to the polymeric NW textile and their composites family as effective EMI shielding materials. The study provides the fundamentals of NW-based EMI shielding mechanisms, mechanisms to mitigate EM reflection, and fabrication techniques of EMI shielding NW materials. Also, the standard for future researchers to select the ideal material combination for effectively mitigating EMI waves as shields/filters is presented. Review articles exist on EMI shielding textiles in general, but no single article is dedicated to NW textile-based EMI shields. Again, no review article exists presenting the approaches employed towards mitigating EM wave reflection in NW -based EMI shield design and fabrication. In addition, the challenges encountered with the fabrication and/or application of NW-based EMI shielding materials are presented in this paper. The question of why NW selection is the primary structure for EMI shield fabrication is presented herewith for the first time in this article.
Guillain-barré syndrome (GBS) with antecedent chikungunya infection: a case report and literature review
Authors: V. Sreelakshmi , Pattanaik Amrita , Marate Srilatha , Mani Reeta S , Pai Aparna R. , Mukhopadhyay Chiranjay 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGuillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune neuropathy. Antecedent infections have been seen to be significant triggering factors for developing GBS. Among them, arboviral infections are rapidly gaining importance as significant triggers, especially in the areas where they are endemic. Chikungunya, an arboviral infection that usually causes a self-limiting acute febrile illness can lead to GBS as one its severe complications. Herein, we describe a case of a 21-year-old female who presented with weakness in all four limbs and paresthesia. Nerve conduction study and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed axonal, demyelinating motor and sensory neuropathy with albuminocytological dissociation indicating Acute Motor and Sensory Axonal Neuropathy (AMSAN) variant of GBS. Serum IgM antibodies against ganglioside GM1 were detected. Anti-Chikungunya IgM antibodies were found in both serum and CSF samples. The patient was initiated with Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy. In view of hypoxia, she was intubated and was on mechanical ventilation. After 2 weeks of being comatose, the patient gradually improved and was discharged with no sequelae.A literature review on antecedent infections in GBS is presented alongside the case report to better understand the association of GBS with antecedent infections, especially the endemic arboviral infections like Chikungunya, Dengue and Zika. This will help in reinforcing the significance of having robust surveillance and public health control measures for infectious diseases.
Characteristics associated with occurrence of stroke in patients with infective endocarditis – a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Schuermann H. , von Rennenberg R. , Riegler C. , Rangus I. , Litmeier S. , Scheitz J. F. , Doehner W. , Audebert H. , Braemswig T. B. , Nolte C. H. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Stroke is a severe complication of infective endocarditis (IE), associated with high rates of mortality. Data on how IE patients with and without stroke differ may help to improve understanding contributing mechanisms.

Methods
All patients treated for IE between 2019 and 2021 with and without associated stroke were identified from the medical records of three academic tertiary care hospitals in Germany, all part of Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify variables associated with the occurrence of stroke.

Results
The study population consisted of 353 patients diagnosed with IE. Concomitant stroke occurred in 96/353 (27.2%) patients. Acute stroke was independently associated with co-occurring extracerebral arterial embolism [adjusted Odds ratio (aOR = 2.52; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.35–4.71)], acute liver failure (aOR = 2.62; 95% CI 1.06–6.50), dental focus of infection (aOR = 3.14; 95% CI 1.21–8.12) and left-sided IE (aOR = 28.26; 95% CI 3.59-222.19). Stroke was found less often in IE patients with congenital heart disease (aOR = 0.20; 95% CI 0.04–0.99) and atypical pathogens isolated from blood culture (aOR = 0.31; 95% CI 0.14–0.72).

Conclusions
Stroke is more likely to occur in individuals with systemic complications affecting other organs, too. Special attention should be addressed to dental status. The low incidence of stroke in patients with congenital heart disease may reflect awareness and prophylactic measures.
Superstitions of composure: the Ayn Rand cult and the pop-psychology of self-esteem
Authors: Kolkenbrock Marie 
Published: April 2024

Summary
Ayn Rand is known as an advocate of rugged individualism and unregulated capitalism, which has led to a scholarly focus on her influence on neoliberal and right-wing politics. This article focuses on the psychologically unrealistic conceptualisation of self-esteem in Rand's ethics, which arguably prevails in today's self-help culture. Rand endorsed Nathaniel Branden, her acolyte and lover, as official therapist for her circle. In this role, he promoted the positive effects of living according to Randian principles on mental health. Rand's so-called objectivism therefore provides not only a questionable philosophical framework for neoliberal politics but also, and perhaps predominantly for its followers, a set of guidelines for the project of self-optimisation. The fact that Rand's ideal of radical self-sufficiency is ultimately psychologically unliveable makes its use in applied psychotherapy ineffective and harmful. The article offers a cultural-historical case study about the ideological entanglements of philosophy and pop-psychological concepts and of clinical malpractice.
Impaired topology and connectivity of grey matter structural networks in major depressive disorder: evidence from a multi-site neuroimaging data-set
Authors: Long Jing-Yi , Qin Kun , Pan Nanfang , Fan Wen-Liang , Li Yi 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) has been increasingly understood as a disruption of brain connectome. Investigating grey matter structural networks with a large sample size can provide valuable insights into the structural basis of network-level neuropathological underpinnings of MDD.AimsUsing a multisite MRI data-set including nearly 2000 individuals, this study aimed to identify robust topology and connectivity abnormalities of grey matter structural network linked to MDD and relevant clinical phenotypes.MethodA total of 955 MDD patients and 1009 healthy controls were included from 23 sites. Individualised structural covariance networks (SCN) were established based on grey matter volume maps. Following data harmonisation, network topological metrics and focal connectivity were examined for group-level comparisons, individual-level classification performance and association with clinical ratings. Various validation strategies were applied to confirm the reliability of findings.ResultsCompared with healthy controls, MDD individuals exhibited increased global efficiency, abnormal regional centralities (i.e. thalamus, precentral gyrus, middle cingulate cortex and default mode network) and altered circuit connectivity (i.e. ventral attention network and frontoparietal network). First-episode drug-naive and recurrent patients exhibited different patterns of deficits in network topology and connectivity. In addition, the individual-level classification of topological metrics outperforms that of structural connectivity. The thalamus-insula connectivity was positively associated with the severity of depressive symptoms.ConclusionsBased on this high-powered data-set, we identified reliable patterns of impaired topology and connectivity of individualised SCN in MDD and relevant subtypes, which adds to the current understanding of neuropathology of MDD and might guide future development of diagnostic and therapeutic markers.
Mitoxantrone Versus Liposomal Daunorubicin in Induction of Pediatric AML With Risk Stratification Based on Flow Cytometry Measurement of Residual Disease
Authors: Tierens Anne , Arad-Cohen Nira , Cheuk Daniel , De Moerloose Barbara , Fernandez Navarro Jose Maria , Hasle Henrik , Jahnukainen Kirsi , Juul-Dam Kristian Løvvik , Kaspers Gertjan , Kovalova Zanna , Lausen Birgitte , Norén-Nyström Ulrika , Palle Josefine , Pasauliene Ramune , Jan Pronk Cornelis , Saks Kadri , Zeller Bernward , Abrahamsson Jonas 
Published: April 2024

PURPOSE Measurable residual disease (MRD) by using flow cytometry after induction therapy is strongly prognostic in pediatric AML, and hematopoietic stem-cell transplant (hSCT) may counteract a poor response. We designed a phase III study with intensified response-guided induction and MRD-based risk stratification and treated poor induction response with hSCT. The efficacy of liposomal daunorubicin (DNX) in induction was compared with mitoxantrone. METHODS The study planned to randomly assign 300 patients, but the production of DNX ceased in 2017. One hundred ninety-four patients were randomly assigned to mitoxantrone or experimental DNX in induction 1. Ninety-three non–randomly assigned patients served as an observation cohort. Primary end point was fraction of patients with MRD <0.1% on day 22 after induction 1. Patients with MRD ≥15% after induction 1 or ≥0.1% after induction 2 or FLT3-ITD with NPM1 wildtype were stratified to high-risk therapy, including hSCT. RESULTS Outcome for all 287 children was good with 5-year event-free survival (EFS5y) 66.7% (CI, 61.4 to 72.4) and 5-year overall survival (OS5y) 79.6% (CI, 75.0 to 84.4). Overall, 75% were stratified to standard-risk and 19% to high-risk. There was no difference in the proportion of patients with MRD <0.1% on day 22 after induction 1 (34% mitoxantrone, etoposide, araC [MEC], 30% DNX, P = .65), but the proportion increased to 61% for MEC versus 47% for DNX ( P = .061) at the last evaluation before induction 2. EFS5y was significantly lower, 56.6% (CI, 46.7 to 66.5) versus 71.9% (CI, 63.0 to 80.9), and cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) was higher, 35.1% (CI, 25.7 to 44.7) versus 18.8% (CI, 11.6 to 27.2) for DNX. The inferior outcome for DNX was only in standard-risk patients with EFS5y 55.3% (CI, 45.1 to 67.7) versus 79.9% (CI, 71.1 to 89.9), CIR 39.5% (CI, 28.4 to 50.3) versus 18.7% (CI, 10.5 to 28.7), and OS5y 76.2% (CI, 67.2 to 86.4) versus 88.6% (CI, 81.4 to 96.3). As-treated analyses, including the observation cohort, supported these results. For all high-risk patients, 85% received hSCT, and EFS5y was 77.7 (CI, 67.3 to 89.7) and OS5y was 83.0 (CI, 73.5 to 93.8). CONCLUSION The intensification of induction therapy with risk stratification on the basis of response to induction and hSCT for high-risk patients led to improved outcomes. Mitoxantrone had a superior anti-leukemic effect than liposomal daunorubicin.
Phase II Study of Erdafitinib in Patients With Tumors With Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Mutations or Fusions: Results From the NCI-MATCH ECOG-ACRIN Trial (EAY131) Subprotocol K2
Authors: Gong Jun , Mita Alain C. , Wei Zihan , Cheng Heather H. , Mitchell Edith P. , Wright John J. , Ivy S. Percy , Wang Victoria , Gray Robert C. , McShane Lisa M. , Rubinstein Larry V. , Patton David R. , Williams P. Mickey , Hamilton Stanley R. , Tricoli James V. , Conley Barbara A. , Arteaga Carlos L. , Harris Lyndsay N. , O'Dwyer Peter J. , Chen Alice P. , Flaherty Keith T. 
Published: April 2024

PURPOSE Subprotocol K2 (EAY131-K2) of the NCI-MATCH platform trial was an open-label, single-arm, phase II study designed to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of the oral FGFR1-4 inhibitor, erdafitinib, in patients with tumors harboring FGFR1-4 mutations or fusions. METHODS Central confirmation of tumor FGFR1-4 mutations or fusions was required for outcome analysis. Patients with urothelial carcinoma were excluded. Enrolled subjects received oral erdafitinib at a starting dose of 8 mg daily continuously until intolerable toxicity or disease progression. The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR) with key secondary end points of safety, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Thirty-five patients were enrolled, and 25 patients were included in the primary efficacy analysis as prespecified in the protocol. The median age was 61 years, and 52% of subjects had received ≥3 previous lines of therapy. The confirmed ORR was 16% (4 of 25 [90% CI, 5.7 to 33.0], P = .034 against the null rate of 5%). An additional seven patients experienced stable disease as best-confirmed response. Four patients had a prolonged PFS including two with recurrent WHO grade IV, IDH1-/2-wildtype glioblastoma. The median PFS and OS were 3.6 months and 11.0 months, respectively. Erdafitinib was manageable with no new safety signals. CONCLUSION This study met its primary end point in patients with several pretreated solid tumor types harboring FGFR1-3 mutations or fusions. These findings support advancement of erdafitinib for patients with fibroblast growth factor receptor–altered tumors outside of currently approved indications in a potentially tumor-agnostic manner.
Associations between Body Mass Index, Gait Mechanics and Trochlear Cartilage Thickness in Those with ACL Reconstruction
Authors: GARCIA STEVEN A. , WHITE MCKENZIE S. , GALLEGOS JOVANNA , BALZA ISABELLA , KAHAN SETH , PALMIERI-SMITH RIANN M. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeHigh body mass index (BMI) is a strong predictor of posttraumatic osteoarthritis (OA) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Altered gait mechanics are independently affected by BMI and ACLR, and influence OA risk. Yet, evidence directly assessing the impact of high BMI on gait or cartilage characteristics after ACLR are limited. Here, we evaluated if high BMI moderates associations between gait and trochlear cartilage structure in individuals with ACLR.MethodsTreadmill walking biomechanics were evaluated in 40 normal BMI and 24 high BMI participants with ACLR at self-selected speeds. Normalized and absolute peak and cumulative loads (i.e., impulse) were extracted for peak knee flexion and adduction moments (KFM, KAM) and vertical ground reaction force (GRF). Medial and lateral femoral cartilage thickness and medial/lateral thickness ratios were assessed via ultrasound.ResultsThose with ACLR and high BMI walked with reduced normalized peak vertical GRFs, and greater absolute peak and cumulative loads compared with normal BMI individuals with ACLR. Those with ACLR and high BMI also exhibitedthinnercartilage and greater medial/lateral ratios in ACLR limbs compared with contralateral limbs whereas normal BMI individuals with ACLR exhibitedthickerACLR limb cartilage. Lastly, greater peak KAM and KAM cumulative load were associated with thicker lateral cartilage and lesser medial/lateral thickness ratios, but only in the high BMI group.ConclusionsWe observed those with high BMI after ACLR exhibited trochlear cartilage structural alterations not observed in normal BMI patients, whereas differential associations between loading outcomes and cartilage thickness in ACLR knees were observed between groups. Those with high BMI after ACLR may require different therapeutic strategies to optimize joint health in this subset of patients.
Bicycling over a Lifetime Is Associated with Less Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Authors: LO GRACE H. , RICHARD MICHAEL J. , KRISKA ANDREA M. , MCALINDON TIMOTHY E. , HARKEY MATTHEW , ROCKETTE-WAGNER BONNY , EATON CHARLES B. , HOCHBERG MARC C. , KWOH C. KENT , NEVITT MICHAEL C. , BHAKTA PREEYA B. , MCLAUGHLIN COLIN P. , DRIBAN JEFFREY B. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between a history of bicycling and symptomatic and structural outcomes of knee osteoarthritis (OA), the most common form of arthritis.

Methods
This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study within the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), where we investigated OAI participants with complete data on bicycling, knee pain, and radiographic evidence of knee OA. We used a self-administered questionnaire at the 96-month OAI visit to identify participation in bicycling during four time periods throughout a participant’s lifetime (ages 12–18, 19–34, 35–49, and >50 yr). Using logistic regression, we evaluated the influence of prior bicycling status (any history, history for each time period, number of periods cycling) on three outcomes at the 48-month OAI visit: frequent knee pain, radiographic OA (ROA), and symptomatic radiographic OA (SOA), adjusting for age and gender.

Results
A total of 2607 participants were included: 44.2% were male, mean age was 64.3 (SD, 9.0) yr, and body mass index was 28.5 (SD, 4.9) kg·m−2. The adjusted risk ratios for the outcome of frequent knee pain, ROA, and SOA among those who reported any history of bicycling compared with non-bicyclers were 0.83 (0.73–0.92), 0.91 (0.85–0.98), and 0.79 (0.68–0.90), respectively. We observed a dose–response among those who participated in bicycling during more time periods.

Conclusions
People who participated in bicycling had a lower prevalence of frequent knee pain, ROA, and SOA. The benefit appeared cumulative. This study indicates that bicycling may be favorable to knee health and should be encouraged.
Data-driven modeling in digital twin for power system anomaly detection
Authors: Shi Xin , Fang Fang , Qiu Robert 
Published: April 2024

Background: Power system anomaly detection is of great significance for realizing system situation awareness and early detection of system operating risks. In view of the complex operating conditions of the system, there are a large number of opaque links in the mechanism, and the anomaly detection approach based on physical mechanism modeling is prone to system errors due to assumptions, simplification, and transfer in the modeling process. This paper focuses on digital twin based data-driven approaches for power system anomaly detection to compensate for the limitation of physical methods in dynamical modeling. Methods: First of all, a digital twin framework for power system real-time analysis is constructed based on the concept of digital twin. Then, this paper conducts researches on the core of the designed framework, i.e., digital twin modeling. Considering the complexity of power system operating conditions, data-driven modeling is preferred and a random matrix and free probability theory based model for anomaly detection of system operating situation is constructed. Results: Simulation data with different spatiotemporal structure generated through a Monte Carlo experiment verified the sensitivity of the constructed model for data correlations. Meanwhile, the case on the system operating data generated through the IEEE 118-bus system validate the effectiveness of the proposed model for the system anomaly detection. Conclusions: The constructed data-driven model can accurately characterize the correlations among data elements, has good sensitivity to the variation of data spatial and temporal correlations, and can depict the data residuals better than the M-P law curve, which indicates the practicability and necessity of the constructed data-driven model for the digital twin modeling of power system anomaly detection.