bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of ubiquitous technology advances on energy consumption in Japan
Authors: Matsumoto Mitsutaka , Hamano Junko , Tamura Tetsuya , Iguchi Hiroto 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe created a mathematical model of the Japanese economy using a macro‐economic modeling framework called a computable general equilibrium model. We used the model to estimate the impacts of the ubiquitous network technology advances on CO2emissions in Japan. Four scenarios of the ubiquitous network society in Japan in 2010 were selected. The four scenarios correspond to four different levels of ubiquitous society advancement. In each scenario, we estimated electricity consumption by electronics products, the effects of ubiquitous network application systems on improving energy efficiency, and the industrial structural changes induced by the expansion of the ubiquitous network application services market. Our results indicate that advanced ubiquitous technologies would potentially reduce the CO2emissions of the Japanese economy by 2.8%. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 161(3): 22–30, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20419
Pd(SeO3), Pd(SeO4), and Pd(Se2O5): The First Palladium Oxoselenates
Authors: Arndt Annika , Wickleder Mathias S. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractDepending on the reaction conditions, the reaction of elemental palladium with H2SeO4 in sealed glass tubes at 350 °C leads to red single crystals of Pd(SeO3) [C2/m, Z = 4, a = 6.788(2), b = 7.030(2), c = 7.008(2) Å, β = 118.09(3)°] or to yellow‐orange single crystals of Pd(SeO4) [C2/c, Z = 4, a = 8.171(1), b = 5.286(1), c = 8.115(1) Å, β = 94.54(1)°]. Yellow‐orange single crystals of Pd(Se2O5) [I2/a, Z = 4, a = 7.212(1), b = 5.569(1), c = 12.177(3) Å, β = 106.84(2)°] are obtained when SeO3 is added to the reaction mixture. X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction shows that Pd(SeO3) consists of layers that are formed by square‐planar coordinated Pd2+ ions and pyramidal SeO32– groups. These layers are held together by weak interactions involving the lone electron pairs of the selenium atoms. The Se–O distances within the selenite ion are different (1.69 and 1.76 Å), in accordance with the different attachment of the oxygen atoms to the Pd2+ ions. The square‐planar [PdO4] units in the crystal structure of Pd(SeO4) are linked by tetrahedral SeO42– ions into a three‐dimensional network. These anions act as monodentate ligands towards the Pd2+ ions, with Se–O distances of around 1.65 Å. The Pd2+ ions in the crystal structure of Pd(Se2O5) are coordinated by two chelating diselenite ions. The Se2O52– ions link the palladium ions into corrugated chains, which are held together by weak interactions only. The IR spectra of these compounds display the typical bands for oxoselenate anions.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Ferromagnetic Coupling in a Mixed‐Valence Hexavanadate Core: Quantum‐Chemical Forecast
Authors: Zueva Ekaterina M. , Borshch Serguei A. , Petrova Maria M. , Chermette Henry , Kuznetsov Andrey M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe electronic structure and magnetic properties of the recently synthesized VIV/VV mixed‐valence alkoxo‐polyoxovanadate comprising a hexanuclear vanadium core with four unpaired electrons have been studied within the DFT framework. The results of calculations suggest that the d electrons are completely trapped within the hexavanadate core, in agreement with the experimental observations. The exchange coupling constants computed using the broken symmetry formalism appeared to be of a ferromagnetic nature. Such interactions are very rare in oxovanadium complexes and are a consequence of a specific core geometry imposed by the polyoxometalate architecture. It has been shown that the earlier proposed intramolecular electron transfer cannot change the ground spin‐state multiplicity irrespective of the sign of the exchange parameters.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Surfactant‐Assisted Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Chain‐Like CoNi Alloy Assemblies
Authors: Zhu Lu‐Ping , Xiao Hong‐Mei , Fu Shao‐Yun 
Published: July 2007

AbstractNovel chain‐like CoNi alloy assemblies with a length of up to 6–7 μm were successfully prepared by a surfactant‐assisted hydrothermal synthetic route at 100 °C for 2 h. The individual submicrospheres built from smaller CoNi nanoparticles had a diameter of about 400–500 nm. These microspheres were then integrated to form the novel chain‐like CoNi alloy assemblies. The effects of synthetic parameters such as surfactant and solvent on the formation and morphology of CoNi samples were investigated. The experimental results showed that N2H4·H2O and CTA+ play important roles in the formation of the novel chain‐like CoNi alloy assemblies. Based on the structural information provided by X‐ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, selected‐area electron diffraction and energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis, a growth mechanism was tentatively proposed for the formation of chain‐like CoNi alloy assemblies. Magnetic hysteresis measurement revealed that the chain‐like CoNi alloy assemblies display ferromagnetic behavior with a saturation magnetization of 96.15 emu/g and a coercivity of 144.75 Oe at room temperature. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Order‐Disorder Phase Transition in Type‐I Clathrate Cs8Sn44□2
Authors: Kaltzoglou Andreas , Hoffmann Stephan D. , Fässler Thomas F. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe clathrate compound α‐Cs8Sn44□2 has been synthesized from its elements under inert gas conditions and has been characterized by single‐crystal and powder X‐ray diffraction. At room temperature, it crystallizes with cubic symmetry [a = 24.256(3) Å, space group Ia$\bar {3}$d, Z = 8] and adopts a 2 × 2 × 2 superstructure of the type‐I clathrate and a high ordering of the vacancies (□) in the Sn framework. Single crystals of α‐Cs8Sn44□2 reversibly transform at 90 °C to the high‐temperature β form with primitive symmetry [a = 12.135(1) Å, space group Pm$\bar {3}$n, Z = 1] and a lower ordering of the defects. Differential thermal analysis corroborates the reversible character of the phase transition, which occurs with an enthalpy change of approximately 0.38 J g–1. An atom‐migration mechanism describing the order‐disorder transition involving spiro‐connected six‐membered rings only (scsr mechanism) is proposed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Modern Amination Reactions
Authors: Kienle Marcel , Reddy Dubbaka Srinivas , Brade Katja , Knochel Paul 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe synthesis of functionalized aromatic and heteroaromatic amines has attracted much interest due to their importance as building blocks for pharmaceuticals, polymers, or materials. In this microreview, new developments involving palladium‐, nickel‐, and copper‐catalyzed amination reactions are discussed. The synthesis of functionalized secondary amines or diarylamines by addition of polyfunctionalized arylmagnesium reagents to nitroarenes or arylazo tosylates is also presented. Finally, primary, secondary, and tertiary amines prepared by the oxidative coupling of polyfunctional lithium amidocuprates using chloranil as oxidant are highlighted. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
On the Structure of Cross‐Conjugated 2,3‐Diphenylbutadiene
Authors: van Walree Cornelis A. , van der Wiel Bas C. , Jenneskens Leonardus W. , Lutz Martin , Spek Anthony L. , Havenith Remco W. A. , van Lenthe Joop H. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe structure of the cross‐conjugated compound 2,3‐diphenylbutadiene was investigated by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and computational methods. In the crystal structure the central butadiene fragment adopts an s‐gauche geometry [–55.6(2)° torsion angle φ around the essential single bond], whereas the styrene moieties are close to planarity. MP2/6‐311G* calculations show that the s‐gauche conformation represents the global minimum along the φ coordinate, but also revealed the existence of an s‐trans local minimum. While the crystal structure seems to reflect dominance of styrene‐like conjugation, the MP2/6‐311G* calculations indicate that conjugation in both the styrene and butadiene π‐systems is important. An NBO orbital deletion study shows that the structure is primarily determined by (hyper)conjugation and that steric effects play a minor role. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Reliability evaluation of transmission network including effect of protection systems
Authors: Alesaadi A.‐R. , Haghifam M.‐R. , Fotuhi‐Firuzabad M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractTransmission network reliability evaluation considering effects of protective systems is investigated in this paper. Protective system faults are one of the main sources of cascading outages and may lead to vast blackouts. Desired performance of the protection system has a significant role in the improvement of network reliability. The proposed method is based on minimal cutset approach. In the proposed method, all elements of the transmission and subtransmission substations can be considered in which subtransmission substations are taken as output nodes. A sensitivity analysis of network reliability to component reliability parameters is performed. Finally the effectiveness of the method was tested in a real network with satisfactory results. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reynolds‐stress modelling of M = 2.25 shock‐wave/turbulent boundary‐layer interaction
Authors: Vallet I. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractM = 2.25 shock‐wave/turbulent‐boundary‐layer interactions over a compression ramp for several angles (8, 13 and 18°) at Reynolds‐number Re=7 × 103 were simulated with three low‐Reynolds second‐moment closures and a linear low‐Reynolds standard k–ε model. A detailed assessment of the turbulence closures by comparison with both mean‐flow and turbulent experimental quantities is presented. The Reynolds‐stress model which is wall‐topology free and which uses an optimized redistribution closure, is in good agreement with experimental data both for wall‐pressure and mean‐velocity profiles. Detailed analysis of three components of the Reynolds‐stress tensor (comparison with measurements and transport‐equation budgets) provides a critical evaluation of full Reynolds‐stress models for the separated supersonic compression ramp. The discrepancy observed in the shock‐wave foot region, between computations
and measurements for the Reynolds‐stresses profiles, could be explained by considering the experimental shock‐wave oscillation and directions for future modelling work are indicated. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Detecting association using epistatic information
Authors: Chapman Juliet , Clayton David 
Published: July 2007

AbstractGenetic association studies have been less successful than expected in detecting causal genetic variants, with frequent non‐replication when such variants are claimed. Numerous possible reasons have been postulated, including inadequate sample size and possible unobserved stratification. Another possibility, and the focus of this paper, is that of epistasis, or gene‐gene interaction. Although unlikely that we may glean information about disease mechanism, based purely upon the data, it may be possible to increase our power to detect an effect by allowing for epistasis within our test statistic. This paper derives an appropriate “omnibus” test for detecting causal loci whist allowing for numerous possible interactions and compares the power of such a test with that of the usual main effects test. This approach differs from that commonly used, for example by Marchini et al. [2005], in that it tests simultaneously for main effects and interactions, rather than interactions alone. The alternative hypothesis being tested by the “omnibus” test is whether a particular locus of interest has an effect on disease status, either marginally or epistatically and is therefore directly comparable to the main effects test at that locus. The paper begins by considering the direct case, in which the putative causal variants are observed and then extends these ideas to the indirect case in which the causal variants are unobserved and we have a set of tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (tag SNPs) representing the regions of interest. In passing, the derivation of the indirect omnibus test statistic leads to a novel “indirect case‐only test for interaction”. Genet. Epidemiol. 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Special acute care unit for older adults with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Soto Maria E. , Nourhashemi Fati , Arbus Christophe , Villars Hélène , Balardy Laurent , Andrieu Sandrine , Vellas Bruno 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the cognitive, functional, and nutritional features of patients admitted to a Special Acute Care Unit (SACU) for elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsOne‐year observational study of patients with AD and other related disorders hospitalized in the SACU, Department of Geriatrics, Toulouse university Hospital during 2005. A comprehensive neurocognitive and non‐cognitive geriatric assessment was performed. Data on full clinical evaluation, nutritional status, activities of daily living (ADL), gait and balance disturbance, behavioural and psychological symptoms (BPSD), and sociodemographics were recorded.ResultsFour‐hundred and ninety‐two patients were assessed. Their mean age was 81.1 ± 7.7, the mean length of stay was 10.7 ± 6.3 days, 62% were female, 63.9% were admitted from their own home and 30.4% from a nursing home. Eighty percent of patients had probable Alzheimer's disease or mixed dementia, less than 20% had other causes of dementia. Results of their comprehensive assessment showed a mean mini‐mental state examination of 14.5 ± 7.4; a mean total ADL score of 3.7 ± 1.7. Seventy‐seven percent had gait or balance disturbances; 90% of patients presented an unsatisfactory nutritional status. The most common reason for admission was BPSD.ConclusionAD complications are responsible for many acute admissions. Elderly patients suffering from dementia represent a population with unique clinical characteristics. Further randomised clinical trials are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of Special Acute Care Units for patients with AD and other related disorders. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Should we brush twice a day? Determinants of dental health among young adults in Finland
Authors: Nguyen Lien , Häkkinen Unto , Knuuttila Matti , Järvelin Marjo‐Riitta 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe explore the determinants of dental ill‐health as measured by the occurrence of caries. A recursive bivariate probit model that was derived from health production and demand theory is employed to model caries, while taking account of dental care use. The data are from a follow‐up questionnaire used in a longitudinal study of the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort, with respondents aged 31 (n= 5020). The factors controlled for relate to family background and health behavior during their youth, current socioecononomic variables and dental health stock. The total effects on the occurrence of caries of the explanatory variables are computed.Among females, factors increasing caries are body mass index and intake of alcohol, sugar and soft drinks, and those reducing caries are birth weight and adolescent school achievement. Among males, caries is positively related to the metropolitan residence and negatively related to education and healthy diet. Smoking increases caries, whereas dental care use, regular dental attendance and brushing teeth at least twice a day decrease caries. To promote oral health, attention should focus on policies to improve dental health education and to reduce the impacts of common risk factors. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fractures and avascular necrosis before and after orthotopic liver transplantation
Authors: Guichelaar Maureen M. J. , Schmoll Jeffrey , Malinchoc Michael , Hay Eileen J. 
Published: July 2007

Abstract

With early posttransplant bone loss, orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) recipients experience a high rate of fracturing and some avascular necrosis (AVN), but little is known about the incidence of and predictive factors for these skeletal complications. We studied 360 consecutive patients who underwent transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and assessed both vertebral and nonvertebral (rib, pelvic, and femur) fractures in a protocolized fashion. Before OLT, 20% of the patients had experienced fracturing, and 1.4% of the patients had experienced AVN. Following OLT, there was a sharp increase in fracturing, with a 30% cumulative incidence of fractures at 1 year and 46% at 8 years after transplantation. In contrast to previous studies, there was a similar incidence of posttransplant vertebral and nonvertebral fractures. The greatest risk factors for posttransplant fracturing were pretransplant fracturing and the severity of osteopenia and posttransplant glucocorticoids. Nine percent of the liver recipients experienced AVN after OLT, and this correlated with pretransplant and posttransplant lipid metabolism, bone disease (bone mineral density and fracturing), and posttransplant glucocorticoids. A novel association between cholestasis and AVN was also identified, the mechanism for which is not known.

Conclusion:

Fortunately, recent years have seen an increase in the bone mass of liver recipients and, along with this, less fracturing and less AVN. Nonetheless, 25% of patients undergoing OLT for chronic cholestatic liver disease still develop de novo fractures after OLT; this situation demands an ongoing search for effective therapeutic agents for these patients. (HEPATOLOGY 2007.)
Relationship between the cardiac response to acute intoxication and alcohol‐induced subjective effects throughout the blood alcohol concentration curve
Authors: Brunelle Caroline , Barrett Sean P. , Pihl Robert O. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractRationaleThere is evidence to suggest that individual differences in the subjective response to alcohol exist and exaggerated cardiac response to alcohol has been suggested to be a marker of increased sensitivity to the stimulant properties of alcohol.ObjectivesThe present investigation examines the relationship between cardiac reactivity to alcohol measured on the ascending limb of the Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) curve and the subjective stimulant and sedative effects of alcohol throughout the BAC curve.MethodsThe stimulant and sedative effects of alcohol anticipatory to alcohol and during the ascending and descending limbs of the BAC curve were evaluated using the Biphasic Alcohol Effects Scale in 39 male social drinkers.ResultsCardiac response to ethanol measured on the ascending limb of the BAC curve was positively correlated with intoxicated stimulant effects at numerous time points during the ascending and descending limbs of the BAC curve (ps < 0.01). No associations were found between cardiac change following alcohol and alcohol‐related sedative effects at any time point.ConclusionsObjective and subjective reports of stimulation post‐alcohol ingestion may increase risk for problematic drinking. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measurements of transpiration in four tropical rainforest types of north Queensland, Australia
Authors: McJannet David , Fitch Peter , Disher Mark , Wallace Jim 
Published: July 2007

AbstractTranspiration of four different rainforest types in north Queensland, Australia, was determined using the heat pulse technique for periods ranging between 391 and 657 days. Despite the complexity of the natural rainforest systems being studied, the relationship between sample tree size and daily water use was found to be strong, thus providing a robust means by which to scale transpiration from individual trees to the entire forest stand. Transpiration was shown to be dependent on solar radiation and atmospheric demand for moisture with little evidence of limitation by soil moisture supply. Total stand transpiration was controlled by forest characteristics such as stem density, size distribution and sapwood area. Annual transpiration for each of the four sites ranged between 353 mm for cloud forest and 591 mm for montane rainforest. In comparison with the international literature, transpiration from Australian rainforests is low; the reasons for this could be related to a combination of differences in forest structure, climatic conditions, canopy wetness duration and tree physiology. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Calmodulin binding to the Fas‐Mediated death‐inducing signaling complex in cholangiocarcinoma cells
Authors: Chen Yabing , Pawar Pritish , Pan George , Ma Liping , Liu Hui , McDonald Jay M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe have previously demonstrated that the antagonists of calmodulin (CaM) induce apoptosis of cholangiocarcinoma cells partially through Fas‐mediated apoptosis pathways. Recently, CaM has been shown to bind to Fas, which is regulated during Fas or CaM antagonist‐mediated apoptosis in Jurkat cells and osteoclasts. Accordingly, the present studies were designed to determine whether Fas interacts with CaM in cholangiocarcinoma cells and to elucidate its role in regulating Fas‐mediated apoptosis. CaM bound to Fas in cholangiocarcinoma cells. CaM was identified in the Fas‐mediated death inducing signaling complex (DISC). The amount of CaM recruited into the DISC was increased after Fas‐stimulation, a finding confirmed by immunofluorescent analysis that demonstrated increased membrane co‐localization of CaM and Fas upon Fas‐stimulation. Consistently, increased Fas microaggregates in response to Fas‐stimulation were found to bind to CaM. Fas‐induced recruitment of CaM into the DISC was inhibited by the Ca2+chelator, EGTA, and the CaM antagonist, trifluoperazine (TFP). TFP decreased DISC‐induced cleavage of caspase‐8. Further, inhibition of actin polymerization, which has been demonstrated to abolish DISC formation, inhibited the recruitment of CaM into the DISC. These results suggest an important role of CaM in mediating DISC formation, thus regulating Fas‐mediated apoptosis in cholangiocarcinoma cells. Characterization of the role of CaM in Fas‐mediated DISC formation and apoptosis signaling may provide important insights in the development of novel therapeutic targets for cholangiocarcinoma. J. Cell. Biochem. 103: 788–799, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pre‐Lamin A processing is linked to heterochromatin organization
Authors: Lattanzi Giovanna , Columbaro Marta , Mattioli Elisabetta , Cenni Vittoria , Camozzi Daria , Wehnert Manfred , Santi Spartaco , Riccio Massimo , Del Coco Rosalba , Maraldi Nadir M. , Squarzoni Stefano , Foisner Roland , Capanni Cristina 
Published: July 2007

AbstractPre‐lamin A undergoes subsequent steps of post‐translational modification at its C‐terminus, including farnesylation, methylation, and cleavage by ZMPSTE24 metalloprotease. Here, we show that accumulation of different intermediates of pre‐lamin A processing in nuclei, induced by expression of mutated pre‐lamin A, differentially affected chromatin organization in human fibroblasts. Unprocessed (non‐farnesylated) pre‐lamin A accumulated in intranuclear foci, caused the redistribution of LAP2alpha and of the heterochromatin markers HP1alpha and trimethyl‐K9‐histone 3, and triggered heterochromatin localization in the nuclear interior. In contrast, the farnesylated and carboxymethylated lamin A precursor accumulated at the nuclear periphery and caused loss of heterochromatin markers and Lap2alpha in enlarged nuclei. Interestingly, pre‐lamin A bound both HP1alpha and LAP2alpha in vivo, but the farnesylated form showed reduced affinity for HP1alpha. Our data show a link between pre‐lamin A processing and heterochromatin remodeling and have major implications for understanding molecular mechanisms of human diseases linked to mutations in lamins. J. Cell. Biochem. 102: 1149–1159, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.