bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tirzepatide and exercise training in obesity
Authors: Bagherzadeh-Rahmani Behnam , Marzetti Emanuele , Karami Esmail , Campbell Bill I. , Fakourian Ali , Haghighi Amir Hossein , Mousavi Seyyed Hossein , Heinrich Katie M. , Brazzi Luca , Jung Friedrich , Baker Julien S. , Patel Darpan I. 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 6 weeks of resistance training (RT) combined with aerobic training (AT) and Tirzepatide supplementation on lipid profiles, insulin resistance, anthropometric characteristics and physical fitness in prediabetic obese soldiers. METHODS: 61 obese men were randomly divided into six groups: Placebo; Tirzepatide 5 mg (T5); Tirzepatide 2.5 mg (T2.5); Hypertrophy, Strength, Power-Circuit Training+Placebo (Ex+P); Hypertrophy, Strength, Power-Circuit Training+Tirzepatide 5 mg (Ex+T5); Hypertrophy, Strength, Power-Circuit Training+Tirzepatide 2.5 mg (Ex+T2.5). All training groups performed aerobic training (AT) after resistance training. Subjects trained for six weeks, three sessions per week. Before and after the intervention period, the participants were evaluated for anthropometric measures, body composition [body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and fat mass (FM)], cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), and muscle strength (chest press 1RM and leg press 1RM). Blood biochemistry evaluations included triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin level and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). To evaluate the differences between the groups, ANCOVA statistical method was used along with Bonferroni’s post hoc test, and the significance level was P < 0.05. RESULTS: Body weight, BMI, WC, FM, FBG, LDL-C, TC, TG and HOMA-IR were significantly decreased in Ex+P, Ex+T5 and Ex+T2.5 groups compared to Placebo, T5 and T2.5 groups. WHR significantly decreased in Ex+P, Ex+T5 and Ex+T2.5 groups compared to Placebo group. HDL-C, chest press and leg press significantly increased in Ex+P, Ex+T5 and Ex+T2.5 groups compared to Placebo, T5 and T2.5 groups. VO2max significantly increased and insulin significantly decreased in Ex+P group compared to Placebo, T5 and T2.5 groups. FM, FBG and TG were significantly decreased in both the T2.5 and T5 groups compared to Placebo group. HOMA-IR, LDL-C and TC significantly decreased in the T5 group compared to Placebo group. Also, leg press significantly increased in Ex+P group compared to all other groups. CONCLUSIONS: Performing six weeks of combined resistance and aerobic training in the form of RT+AT alone is more effective than the simultaneous use of Tirzepatide on cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, and modulating insulin levels. Taking Tirzepatide in doses of 5 mg and 2.5 mg in combination with exercise training did not have a significant advantage over exercise training alone. Finally, taking Tirzepatide in doses of 5 mg or 2.5 mg in combination with exercise training is not significantly superior to each other.
Prospective Role of PAK6 and 14-3-3γ as Biomarkers for Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Giusto Elena , Maistrello Lorenza , Iannotta Lucia , Giusti Veronica , Iovino Ludovica , Bandopadhyay Rina , Antonini Angelo , Bubacco Luigi , Barresi Rita , Plotegher Nicoletta , Greggio Elisa , Civiero Laura 
Published: April 2024

Background: Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder mainly distinguished by sporadic etiology, although a genetic component is also well established. Variants in the LRRK2 gene are associated with both familiar and sporadic disease. We have previously shown that PAK6 and 14-3-3γ protein interact with and regulate the activity of LRRK2. Objective: The aim of this study is to quantify PAK6 and 14-3-3γ in plasma as reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis of both sporadic and LRRK2-linked Parkinson’s disease. Methods: After an initial quantification of PAK6 and 14-3-3γ expression by means of Western blot in post-mortem human brains, we verified the presence of the two proteins in plasma by using quantitative ELISA tests. We analyzed samples obtained from 39 healthy subjects, 40 patients with sporadic Parkinson’s disease, 50 LRRK2-G2019S non-manifesting carriers and 31 patients with LRRK2-G2019S Parkinson’s disease. Results: The amount of PAK6 and 14-3-3γ is significantly different in patients with Parkinson’s disease compared to healthy subjects. Moreover, the amount of PAK6 also varies with the presence of the G2019S mutation in the LRRK2 gene. Although the generalized linear models show a low association between the presence of Parkinson’s disease and PAK6, the kinase could be added in a broader panel of biomarkers for the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Conclusions: Changes of PAK6 and 14-3-3γ amount in plasma represent a shared readout for patients affected by sporadic and LRRK2-linked Parkinson’s disease. Overall, they can contribute to the establishment of an extended panel of biomarkers for the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease.
Projection domain decomposition denoising algorithm based on low rank and similarity-based regularization
Authors: Lu Chang , Han Zhenye , Zou Jing 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Projection Domain Decomposition (PDD) is a dual energy reconstruction method which implements the decomposition process before image reconstruction. The advantage of PDD is that it can alleviate beam hardening artifacts and metal artifacts effectively as energy spectra estimation is considered in PDD. However, noise amplification occurs during the decomposition process, which significantly impacts the accuracy of effective atomic number and electron density. Therefore, effective noise reduction techniques are required in PDD. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop a new algorithm capable of minimizing noise while simultaneously preserving edges and fine details. METHODS: In this study, a denoising algorithm based on low rank and similarity-based regularization (LRSBR) is presented. This algorithm incorporates the low-rank characteristic of tensors into similarity-based regularization (SBR) framework. This method effectively addresses the issue of instability in edge pixels within the SBR algorithm and enhances the structural consistency of dual-energy images. RESULTS: A series of simulation and practical experiments were conducted on a dual-layer dual-energy CT system. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms exiting noise removal methods in Peak Signal-to-noise Ratio (PSNR), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Structural Similarity (SSIM). Meanwhile, there has been a notable enhancement in the visual quality of CT images. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed algorithm has a significantly improved noise reduction compared to other competing approach in dual-energy CT. Meanwhile, the LRSBR method exhibits outstanding performance in preserving edges and fine structures, making it practical for PDD applications.
Improving Oral Bioavailability of Meloxicam: Development and Characterization of Solid Dispersions
Authors: Ratan Rajeev , Malik Jitendra , Singh Gyan , Kumar G Pawan , Singh Surendra Pratap , Tiwari Anadi , Gupta Prachi 
Published: April 2024

This study investigated the development of a solid dispersion to improve the solubility and dissolution of meloxicam, a poorly water-soluble drug. Meloxicam is used to treat pain and inflammation in various conditions. The challenge was to enhance the drug's oral bioavailability by overcoming its low solubility. Two approaches were explored:

1. Kneading method with Poloxamer 407: This method resulted in a formulation with significantly improved solubility compared to the pure drug.
Solvent evaporation method with PVP K-30: While this method offered satisfactory solubility enhancement, it was not as effective as the kneading method with Poloxamer 407.Following the development of the optimized solid dispersion, a suspension formulation was prepared using various suspending agents. The optimized drug formula was then incorporated into the suspension mix. Characterization studies confirmed compatibility between the drug and excipients. FT-IR analysis showed no interaction between the drug and the carriers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a change in meloxicam particle morphology from crystalline to a more amorphous form, indicating a reduction in particle size and a potential explanation for the improved dissolution profile. The dissolution profile of the solid dispersion suspension prepared by the kneading method with Poloxamer 407 outperformed the one prepared with the solvent evaporation method and PVP K-30.This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the kneading method with Poloxamer 407 in developing a solid dispersion of meloxicam with enhanced solubility and dissolution. The optimized formulation exhibited good stability, acceptable drug content and release, and satisfactory rheological properties. This approach has the potential to improve the bioavailability of meloxicam and lead to a more effective oral dosage form.

Keywords: Oral Bioavailability, Meloxicam:, Solid Dispersions , FT-IR analysis, SEM
Land Cover Modelling with Sentinel 2 in Water Balance Calculations of Urban Sites
Authors: Guizani Douraied , Buday-Bódi Erika , Tamás János , Nagy Attila 
Published: April 2024

This study investigates how a land cover map is produced using Sentinel 2 satellite images and how the resulting map is integrated with the calculation of hydrological parameters. Due to its capacity to deliver high-resolution spatial data, satellite imagery is increasingly being used for land cover mapping (1). The process involves several stages, including pre-processing of the Sentinel 2 imagery, image classification using machine learning algorithms, and post-processing of the classified image to generate a land cover map. The resulting land cover map is then integrated with hydrological parameters such as precipitation, evapotranspiration, and soil characteristics to calculate various hydrological parameters. Debrecen, north-east Hungary is the study area. This study's method is suitable for usage in other cities. Understanding the relationship between land cover and water availability requires the integration of the land cover map with hydrological parameters (2). The study demonstrates the potential of using remote sensing data for hydrological studies and highlights the importance of integrating various data sources for accurate estimation of hydrological parameters. The results show that the land cover classes have a significant impact on the water balance of urban sites. This study outlines the key steps involved in creating a land cover map using Sentinel 2 satellite imagery and integrating it with hydrological parameters calculation. The application of this strategy supports sustainable water management techniques and offers insightful information about a region's hydrological processes.
Morphometric Study of Posterior Aspect of Distal End of Human Adult Dry Left Humerus
Authors: Ara Jubaida Gulshan , Naushaba Humaira , Hossain Khan Khalid Mosharof , Begum Tahmina , Khan Laila Farzana , Mohammad Kabir Abul Kalam 
Published: April 2024

Context: Humerus is the long bone of upper limb. The aim of this study is to find out valuable normative data of posterior aspect of distal end of human adult dry left humerus that can enrich the anatomists and play an important role to anthropological researchers and forensic experts. It is also important for orthopedic surgeons in surgical reconstruction of distal humeral fracture and correction of congenital and traumatic anomalies.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional analytic type of study was conducted in the department of Anatomy of Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka from July 2011 to Dec 2012. Two hundred left sided humerus were collected from the students of Department of Anatomy of Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka and Dhaka National Medical College, Dhaka. Measurements were taken from posterior aspect of distal end of left humerus by direct physical standard osteometric method and recorded in the metric unit centimeter (cm).
Result: The result revealed that the male values were higher than female. The measurements were statistically analysed. There were significant difference (p=0.001) between male and female values.
Bangladesh J. Anat. 2015; 13(1) : 11-15
MARKETING CONTENT INSTAGRAM SEBAGAI MEDIA PROMOSI PADA PT POS INDONESIA (PERSERO) KCU MAKASSAR 90000
Authors: Setianingsih Ayu , Murtafia Murtafia 
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuatkan marketing content berupa video promosi menggunakan alur cerita drama yang digunakan sebagai strategi promosi pada KCU Pos Makassar 90000. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif ini menggunakan pengambilan dan pengumpulan data melalui telaah dokumen dan wawancara semi terstruktur dengan mengajukan pertanyaan-pertanyaan kepada beberapa pihak terkait yang dapat membantu peneliti dalam proses penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan indikator promosi penjualan yang digunakan yaitu media promosi, waktu promosi, frekuensi promosi, kualitas promosi, kuantitas promosi, dan ketetapan atau kesesuaian sasaran promosi. Selain itu, juga menggunakan elemen-elemen marketing content sehingga dapat dikatakan handal yaitu relevance, informative, reliability, value, uniqueness, emotions, dan intelligence. Sehingga output dari penelitian ini adalah marketing content berupa video menggunakan alur cerita drama yang digunakan sebagai media promosi yang di posting pada akun Instagram KCU Pos Makassar 90000. Marketing content berupa video menggunakan alur cerita drama diharapkan mampu menjadi media promosi yang baik guna memperkenalkan produk dan jasa layanan pada KCU Pos Makassar 90000 dan dapat menjadi referensi konten bagi perusahaan.
Comprehensive evaluation of the aggressive certain degree of the chemical components in water to concrete
Authors: Doan Thy Truc 
Published: April 2024

Evaluation and research on the aggressive degree to concrete were done in the previous research. However, the evaluation of aggressive certain degree in water to the concrete was experimented comprehensively in the laboratory by the Viet Nam Standard “TCVN 3994:1985” and ISO 14911:1998. In addition, this paper considers water with the chemical name “Chlorite-Bicarbonate-Sodium-Magnesium” by the Kurlov formula and “TCVN 81:1981”. Especially, comprehensive consideration of chemical analysis that includes Cation (Ca2+; Mg2+; ∑(Fe2+; Fe3+; Na+; K+; and NH4+); Anion (Cl−; SO42−; HCO3−; CO32− and OH−); and the other special items analysis which includes Permanent and Temporary hardness; Alkalinity; CO2 free; CO2 corrosive; Total mineralization; pH value; Nitrite (NO2−); and Nitrate (NO3−). The research results presented “water with chemical characteristics can’t create the aggression in concrete,“ which shows pH concentration is 5 and CO2 corrosion is 20 mg/l (approximately 0.04%); whereas ion Mg2+ is 1.5 g/l (approximately 3%) and SO42− is 0,25 g/l (approximately 0.5%). The total salt content in the presence of an evaporating surface obtains 12,5 g/l (approximately 25%). So research results can be used safely for the design or construction of the reinforcement concrete structures in My Thai Canal Bridge, Rach Gia town, Kien Giang province, Viet Nam, and Construction or Geotechnical as good reference documents in the future.
Anti-inflammatory activity of d-pinitol possibly through inhibiting COX-2 enzyme: in vivo and in silico studies
Authors: Haque Mst. Farjanamul , El-Nashar Heba A. S. , Akbor Md. Showkoth , Alfaifi Mohammed , Bappi Mehedi Hasan , Chowdhury Afsana Kabir , Hossain Muhammad Kamal , El-Shazly Mohamed , Albayouk Tala , Saleh Na’il , Islam Muhammad Torequl 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: D-pinitol, a naturally occurring inositol, has diverse biological activities like antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activities. This study aimed to evaluate anti-inflammatory effect of d-pinitol in a chick model. Additionally, in silico studies were performed to evaluate the molecular interactions with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).Methods: The tested groups received d-pinitol (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg) and the standard drugs celecoxib and ketoprofen (42 mg/kg) via oral gavage prior to formalin injection. Then, the number of licks was counted for the first 10 min, and the paw edema diameter was measured at 60, 90, and 120 min.Results and Discussion: The d-pinitol groups significantly (p &lt; 0.05) reduced the number of paw licks and paw edema diameters, compared to negative control. When d-pinitol was combined with celecoxib, it reduced inflammatory parameters more effectively than the individual groups. The in silico study showed a promising binding capacity of d-pinitol with COX-2. Taken together, d-pinitol exerted anti-inflammatory effects in a dose-dependent manner, possibly through COX-2 interaction pathway.
Integration of the Butina algorithm and ensemble learning strategies for the advancement of a pharmacophore ligand-based model: an in silico investigation of apelin agonists
Authors: Tran Xuan-Truc Dinh , Phan Tieu-Long , To Van-Thinh , Tran Ngoc-Vi Nguyen , Nguyen Nhu-Ngoc Song , Nguyen Dong-Nghi Hoang , Tran Ngoc-Tam Nguyen , Truong Tuyen Ngoc 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: 3D pharmacophore models describe the ligand’s chemical interactions in their bioactive conformation. They offer a simple but sophisticated approach to decipher the chemically encoded ligand information, making them a valuable tool in drug design.Methods: Our research summarized the key studies for applying 3D pharmacophore models in virtual screening for 6,944 compounds of APJ receptor agonists. Recent advances in clustering algorithms and ensemble methods have enabled classical pharmacophore modeling to evolve into more flexible and knowledge-driven techniques. Butina clustering categorizes molecules based on their structural similarity (indicated by the Tanimoto coefficient) to create a structurally diverse training dataset. The learning method combines various individual pharmacophore models into a set of pharmacophore models for pharmacophore space optimization in virtual screening.Results: This approach was evaluated on Apelin datasets and afforded good screening performance, as proven by Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUC score of 0.994 ± 0.007), enrichment factor of (EF1% of 50.07 ± 0.211), Güner-Henry score of 0.956 ± 0.015, and F-measure of 0.911 ± 0.031.Discussion: Although one of the high-scoring models achieved statistically superior results in each dataset (AUC of 0.82; an EF1% of 19.466; GH of 0.131 and F1-score of 0.071), the ensemble learning method including voting and stacking method balanced the shortcomings of each model and passed with close performance measures.
The complete genome sequence of unculturable Mycoplasma faucium obtained through clinical metagenomic next-generation sequencing
Authors: Sabat Artur J. , Durfee Tim , Baldwin Schuyler , Akkerboom Viktoria , Voss Andreas , Friedrich Alexander W. , Bathoorn Erik 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionDiagnosing Mycoplasma faucium poses challenges, and it's unclear if its rare isolation is due to infrequent occurrence or its fastidious nutritional requirements.MethodsThis study analyzes the complete genome sequence of M. faucium, obtained directly from the pus of a sternum infection in a lung transplant patient using metagenomic sequencing.ResultsGenome analysis revealed limited therapeutic options for the M. faucium infection, primarily susceptibility to tetracyclines. Three classes of mobile genetic elements were identified: two new insertion sequences, a new prophage (phiUMCG-1), and a species-specific variant of a mycoplasma integrative and conjugative element (MICE). Additionally, a Type I Restriction-Modification system was identified, featuring 5’-terminally truncated hsdS pseudogenes with overlapping repeats, indicating the potential for forming alternative hsdS variants through recombination.ConclusionThis study represents the first-ever acquisition of a complete circularized bacterial genome directly from a patient sample obtained from invasive infection of a primary sterile site using culture-independent, PCR-free clinical metagenomics.
Molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets in the pathogenesis of hypertension in visceral adipose tissue induced by a high-fat diet
Authors: Su Zhenyang , Sun Jin-Yu , Gao Min , Sun Wei , Kong Xiangqing 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundHypertension (HTN) presents a significant global public health challenge with diverse causative factors. The accumulation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) due to a high-fat diet (HFD) is an independent risk factor for HTN. While various studies have explored pathogenic mechanisms, a comprehensive understanding of impact of VAT on blood pressure necessitates bioinformatics analysis.MethodsDatasets GSE214618 and GSE188336 were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus and analyzed to identify shared differentially expressed genes between HFD-VAT and HTN-VAT. Gene Ontology enrichment and protein-protein interaction analyses were conducted, leading to the identification of hub genes. We performed molecular validation of hub genes using RT-qPCR, Western-blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Furthermore, immune infiltration analysis using CIBERSORTx was performed.ResultsThis study indicated that the predominant characteristic of VAT in HTN was related to energy metabolism. The red functional module was enriched in pathways associated with mitochondrial oxidative respiration and ATP metabolism processes. Spp1, Postn, and Gpnmb in VAT were identified as hub genes on the pathogenic mechanism of HTN. Proteins encoded by these hub genes were closely associated with the target organs-specifically, the resistance artery, aorta, and heart tissue. After treatment with empagliflozin, there was a tendency for Spp1, Postn, and Gpnmb to decrease in VAT. Immune infiltration analysis confirmed that inflammation and immune response may not be the main mechanisms by which visceral adiposity contributes to HTN.ConclusionsOur study pinpointed the crucial causative factor of HTN in VAT following HFD. Spp1, Postn, and Gpnmb in VAT acted as hub genes that promote elevated blood pressure and can be targets for HTN treatment. These findings contributed to therapeutic strategies and prognostic markers for HTN.
Critical role of G3BP1 in bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV3)-inhibition of stress granules formation and viral replication
Authors: Liu Nian , Yang Wei , Luo Lingzhi , Ma Mingshuang , Cui Jin , Dong Xiumei , Li Yijing 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundIt remains unclear whether BPIV3 infection leads to stress granules formation and whether G3BP1 plays a role in this process and in viral replication. This study aims to clarify the association between BPIV3 and stress granules, explore the effect of G3BP1 on BPIV3 replication, and provide significant insights into the mechanisms by which BPIV3 evades the host’s antiviral immunity to support its own survival.MethodsHere, we use Immunofluorescence staining to observe the effect of BPIV3 infection on the assembly of stress granules. Meanwhile, the expression changes of eIF2α and G3BP1 were determined. Overexpression or siRNA silencing of intracellular G3BP1 levels was examined for its regulatory control of BPIV3 replication.ResultsWe identify that the BPIV3 infection elicited phosphorylation of the eIF2α protein. However, it did not induce the assembly of stress granules; rather, it inhibited the formation of stress granules and downregulated the expression of G3BP1. G3BP1 overexpression facilitated the formation of stress granules within cells and hindered viral replication, while G3BP1 knockdown enhanced BPIV3 expression.ConclusionThis study suggest that G3BP1 plays a crucial role in BPIV3 suppressing stress granule formation and viral replication.