bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Homogenization of eigenvalue problem for Laplace–Beltrami operator on Riemannian manifold with complicated ‘bubble‐like’ microstructure
Authors: Khrabustovskyi Andrii 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe study the asymptotic behavior of the eigenvalues and the eigenfunctions of the Laplace–Beltrami operator on a Riemannian manifold Mε depending on a small parameter ε>0 and whose structure becomes complicated as ε→0. Under a few assumptions on scales of Mε we obtain the homogenized eigenvalue problem. In addition we study the behavior of the heat equation on Mε and investigate the large time behavior of the homogenized equation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polymer electrolyte using in situ quanternization for all solid‐state dye‐sensitized solar cells
Authors: Xiang Wanchun , Zhou Shuhua , Yin Xiong , Xiao Xurui , Lin Yuan , Fang Shibi 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPolymer electrolyte through in situ quanternization reaction by oligo‐siloxane containing quanternary ammonium groups was synthesized for all solid‐state dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). These two latent crosslinked precursors are oligo‐organosiloxane grafting oligo‐ethylene oxide and propylene oxide dimethylamine (OEA) and the oligo‐organosiloxane grafting oligo‐ethylene oxide and propylene oxide bromide (OEB). This chemically crosslinked electrolyte shows good ambient conductivity of 2.6 × 10−4 S/cm when incorporating appropriate amount of 1‐iodide oligo‐ethylene glycol monomethylether (IOEGMME) as an additive. Photoelectrochemical performances for different electrolytes were also analyzed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs on non‐melanoma skin cancer incidence in the SKICAP‐AK trial
Authors: Clouser Mary C. , Roe Denise J. , Foote Janet A. , Harris Robin B. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractRecent studies link the prostaglandin metabolic pathway to skin carcinogenesis expanding possibilities that cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors may be utilized in non‐melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) chemoprevention. Using data from a study of the efficacy of retinol supplementation on incidence of NMSC, we sought to determine the role of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in NMSC development. Cox proportional hazards models describe the relationship between NSAID use and time to first squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or basal cell carcinoma (BCC) among participants categorized by use pattern: continuous users (use for length of study duration), new users (use for less than study duration), and non‐users. For SCC and BCC, there was a statistically significant protective effect for participants who reported use for less than the study duration (HR = 0.49, 95%CI 0.28–0.87 and HR = 0.43, 95%CI 0.25–0.73, respectively). Categorical examination of NSAIDs (aspirin (ASA) vs. non‐ASA NSAIDs) showed significant effects for BCC among those using non‐ASA NSAIDs for less than the study duration (HR = 0.33, 95%CI 0.13–0.80). For SCC and BCC, NSAID use of shorter duration and potentially more recent, was more protective than longer duration of use. These results are counter to the idea that longer duration of NSAID use is more protective. Additional investigations are needed into the role NSAIDs play in the chemoprevention of NMSC. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antidepressant medication use and breast cancer risk
Authors: Wernli Karen J. , Hampton John M. , Trentham‐Dietz Amy , Newcomb Polly A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPurposeMost epidemiologic studies have detected no association between prior use of antidepressant medications and breast cancer risk. Despite the uniform conclusion, there is a continuous rise in the proportion of women using antidepressants, lending support to further monitoring of disease effects.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based case–control study among 2908 incident breast cancer cases diagnosed from 2003 to 2006, and 2927 control women from Wisconsin. Associations between antidepressant use and breast cancer risk were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression.ResultsThe association between use of antidepressant medications and breast cancer risk was null (OR = 0.89, 95%CI 0.78–1.01). When stratified by type of antidepressant, use of selective‐serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) resulted in a similar risk overall (OR = 0.85, 95%CI 0.72–1.00) and among former and currents users. There were no associations between other types of antidepressant classes and breast cancer risk. In assessing risks among the five most commonly used antidepressants, we detected no association with fluoxetine, sertraline, venlafaxine, or buproprion hydrochloride. There was a reduction in breast cancer risk of 36% (OR = 0.64, 95%CI 0.45–0.92) among users of paroxetine hydrochloride. When stratified by body mass index, there was a reduction in risk associated with antidepressant users who were not overweight (OR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.60–0.90), but this association was null in overweight women (p‐interaction = 0.04).ConclusionsSurveillance of health risks associated with antidepressant medications continues to be of public health importance, though these medications are not likely to be associated with breast cancer risk. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Affinity prefractionation for MS‐based plasma proteomics
Authors: Pernemalm Maria , Lewensohn Rolf , Lehtiö Janne 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe plasma proteome has proven to be one of the most challenging proteomes to profile using currently available proteomics technologies. A plethora of methodologies have been used to profile human plasma in order to discover potential biomarkers for disease and for therapy optimization. Affinity‐based prefractionation coupled to MS has been shown to be one of the most successful ways to dig deeper into the plasma proteome. Depletion of high abundant plasma proteins is becoming an initial method of choice in any plasma profiling project. However, several other affinity‐based enrichment methods have been published in recent years. Here we review both protein and peptide affinity prefractionation methods coupled with MS‐based proteomics. Analysis of the proportion of cellular and extracellular annotated proteins of publicly available MS plasma proteomics data is performed to estimate the analytical depth of various prefractionation methods.
Analytical strategies for phosphoproteomics
Authors: Thingholm Tine E. , Jensen Ole N. , Larsen Martin R. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractProtein phosphorylation is a key regulator of cellular signaling pathways. It is involved in most cellular events in which the complex interplay between protein kinases and protein phosphatases strictly controls biological processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Defective or altered signaling pathways often result in abnormalities leading to various diseases, emphasizing the importance of understanding protein phosphorylation. Phosphorylation is a transient modification, and phosphoproteins are often very low abundant. Consequently, phosphoproteome analysis requires highly sensitive and specific strategies. Today, most phosphoproteomic studies are conducted by mass spectrometric strategies in combination with phospho‐specific enrichment methods. This review presents an overview of different analytical strategies for the characterization of phosphoproteins. Emphasis will be on the affinity methods utilized specifically for phosphoprotein and phosphopeptide enrichment prior to MS analysis, and on recent applications of these methods in cell biological applications.
Burnout, psychiatric morbidity, and work‐related sources of stress in paediatric oncology staff: a review of the literature
Authors: Mukherjee Suzanne , Beresford Bryony , Glaser Adam , Sloper Patricia 
Published: February 2009

AbstractObjective: A growing body of research suggests that staff working in adult oncology services are at risk of burnout and psychiatric morbidity, but whether or not these findings can be generalised to staff working in paediatric oncology is questionable. This paper reports the findings of a comprehensive review of the literature on burnout, psychiatric morbidity, and sources of work‐related stress in paediatric oncology staff.Methods: Electronic searches of MEDLINE and PSYCHINFO. This was followed by a screening process, during which papers where checked against inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the quality of study reporting was assessed. Information about the study design and methods was then extracted from each paper so that the methodological quality could be critiqued.Results: Ten studies meeting the review inclusion criteria were identified. No studies were identified which compared paediatric and adult oncology staff. Research on paediatric oncology staff has failed to use the well‐established standardised measures of burnout and psychiatric morbidity employed in studies of adult oncology staff. There is some qualitative evidence to suggest paediatric oncology nurses experience a unique, additional set of stressors not encountered by colleagues in adult oncology services.Conclusion: The evidence on stress and burnout in paediatric oncology staff is extremely limited. In order to devise appropriate and effective interventions to support staff, we need to have a much better understanding of the level of burnout and psychiatric morbidity experienced by all members of the paediatric oncology multi‐disciplinary team, as well as the factors that contribute to these experiences. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The influence of seasonal climatic parameters on the permafrost thermal regime, West Siberia, Russia
Authors: Popova Valeria V. , Shmakin Andrey B. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractStatistical correlations between seasonal air temperatures and snow depths and active layer depths and permafrost temperatures were analysed for tundra (Marre‐Salle) and northern taiga (Nadym) sites in Western Siberia. Interannual variations in active layer depth in the tundra zone correlated with the average air temperature of the current summer, and in peatland and humid tundra, also with summer temperatures of the preceding 1–2 years. In the northern taiga zone, the active layer depth related to current summer air temperature and to a lesser extent, to spring and/or winter air temperatures. Variations in summer permafrost temperatures at 5–10 m depth were correlated with spring air temperatures in the current and preceding 1–2 years. The weather regime during the preceding 1–2 years, therefore, reinforced or weakened ground temperature variations in a given year. Overall, the most important factors influencing the permafrost regime were spring and summer air temperatures, and in one case snow depth. However, statistical links between meteorological and permafrost parameters varied between the tundra and northern taiga zones and among landscape types within each zone, emphasising the importance of analyses at short temporal scales and for individual terrain units. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and application of N‐[1‐(4‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐2,6‐dioxocyclohexylidene)ethyl] (Fde)‐protected amino acids for optimization of solid‐phase peptide synthesis using gel‐phase 19F NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Pudelko Maciej , Qian Weixing , Elofsson Mikael 
Published: February 2009

AbstractN‐[1‐(4‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐2,6‐dioxocyclohexylidene)ethyl] (Fde) protected amino acids have been prepared and applied in solid‐phase peptide synthesis monitored by gel‐phase 19F NMR spectroscopy. The Fde protective group could be cleaved with 2% hydrazine or 5% hydroxylamine solution in DMF as determined with gel‐phase 19F NMR spectroscopy. The dipeptide Ac‐L‐Val‐L‐Val‐NH2 12 was constructed using Fde‐L‐Val‐OH and no noticeable racemization took place during the amino acid coupling with N,N′‐diisopropylcarbodiimide and 1‐hydroxy‐7‐azabenzotriazole or Fde deblocking. To extend the scope of Fde protection, the hydrophobic nonapeptide LLLLTVLTV from the signal sequence of mucin MUC1 was successfully prepared using Fde‐L‐Leu‐OH at diagnostic positions. Copyright © 2009 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of external tensile stress on the stray field of bistable Fe‐rich wires
Authors: Gawroński Przemysław , Chizhik Alexander , Gonzalez Julian 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe consider an influence of the external tensile stress on the magnetostatic interaction between two wires. Measured magnetization profiles serve as a basis to calculate the spatial distribution of the stray field and to evaluate the wire‐wire interaction. Numerical calculations reproduce the experimentally observed asymmetry of the shift of the switching field at the first and the second Barkhausen jump of the hysteresis loop. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Characterisation of Cu(In1–xGax)5Se8 by spectroscopic ellipsometry
Authors: León Máximo , Serna Rosalía , Levcenko Sergei , Gurieva Galina , Merino José M. , Friedrich Eberhardt J. , Lehmann Sebastian , Schedel‐Niedrig Thomas , Schorr Susan , Lux‐Steiner Marta Ch. , Arushanov Ernest 
Published: February 2009

AbstractOptical measurements of Cu(In1–xGax)5Se8 were performed at room temperature in the photon energy range from 0.8 to 4.7 eV. Spectral dependence of the complex dielectric functions was derived. The structures observed in the measured spectra have been analyzed by fitting the second derivative of the experimental spectrum to analytical line shapes and have been attributed to the interband transitions E0, and E1A. The energies corresponding to the electronic transitions as well as the parameters as strength and broadening were determined. Besides, the values of E0 and E1A are found to increase linearly with increasing Ga content. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Analysis of CIGS‐based thin film solar cells with graded band gap
Authors: Gremenok Valery , Zalesski Valery , Khodin Alexander , Ermakov Oleg , Chyhir Ryhor , Emelyanov Victor , Syakersky Valentine 
Published: February 2009

AbstractZnO/n‐CdS/p‐Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film solar cells with graded band gap absorber layer have been modelled. The cells are designed to be fabricated on flexible substrates, so, additional requirements and restrictions to metal contacts and interlayer mechanical and electronic properties should be taken into account. The aim is to calculate parameters of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS)‐based thin film solar cells, taking into account the buffer layer effect, zone bending and recombination at grain boundaries and another defects, and to introduce band gap gradient in the absorber layer. The model developed is based on one‐dimensional drift‐diffusion approach using the Poisson's equation and continuity equations for electrons and holes. Modelling for various band gap gradient profiles was performed: positive (from 1.08 up to 1.5 eV), zero (1.21 eV) and inverted (from 1.5 down to 1.08 eV) profiles for CIGS layer, and cells' output parameters have been calculated.The nanostructure effects in solar cells formed on a substrate using porous anodic alumina were considered taking into account processes at grain boundaries and nanoordered back contact. Charge carriers accumulation at the interfaces leads to local effective band gap narrowing at the interfaces reducing the conversion efficiency. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optical charaterization of Ag/Ga composition ratio in AgGaSe2 thin film
Authors: Matsuo Hitoshi , Tokuda Takahiro , Yoshino Kenji , Kinoshita Aya , Ikari Tetsuo , Kakimoto Koichi , Seto Satoru 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAgGaSe2 thin films, changing the Ag/Ga ratio from 0.4 to 1.5, on glass substrates were successfully grown by vacuum evaporation method. Fundamental absorption bandedges were clearly observed except for Ag/Ga ratios of 0.4 and 1.5 in the optical transmittance spectra at RT. The optical bandgap increased with increasing Ag/Ga ratio. This was due to the Bernstein‐Moss shifts. Photoluminescence spectrum was strongly observed in the stoichiometric sample in comparison to Ag‐ and Ga‐rich samples. This means that nonradiative recombination transition was a few in the stoichiometric sample because there were few defects in the samples Two distinct peaks at 1.77 and 1.70 eV were clearly observed in the stoichiometric sample. They were due to bound exciton emission and donor‐acceptor pair (DAP) emission, respectively. The DAP emission is due to recombination between Se‐ and Ga vacancies. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Characterization of proton irradiated AgInSe2 thin film
Authors: Yoshino Kenji , Matsuo Hitoshi , Yamauchi Makoto , Morimoto Kouji 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe energies of proton irradiated were changed from 0.8 to 4 meV and dose of 1 × 1015 cm–2 on AgInSe2 thin films were prepared on a quartz glass substrate using an evaporation method. No secondary phases could be observed with increasing proton energy in the XRD spectra. However, the lattice constants of a and c axes increased and grain sizes decreased with increasing proton energy. Furthermore, an increase of carrier concentration with increasing the proton energy was due to increase of donor‐type defects such as Se‐vacancy and/or interstitial hydrogen. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effects of magnetic fields on free excitons in CuInSe2
Authors: Yakushev M. V. , Martin R. W. , Babinski A. , Mudryi A. V. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe effects of magnetic fields up to 20 T were studied in CuInSe2 single crystals using photoluminescence (PL) at 4.2 K. Diamagnetic shifts of the free A and B excitons measured in the PL spectra in CuInSe2 at 4.2 K under the magnetic fields were used to estimate the reduced masses (0.095m0 for the A and 0.098m0 for the B exciton), binding energies (7.0 meV for the A and 7.2 meV for the B exciton) and Bohr radii (7.6 nm for the A and 7.3 nm for the B exciton) of the free‐excitons in CuInSe2 assuming that both excitons are isotropic and hydrogen‐like. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Fabrication of solar cell with CuInSe2/high Ga/III ratio Cu(In,Ga)Se2 absorber by sequential evaporation from ternary compounds
Authors: Yamaguchi Toshiyuki , Asai Yasutaka , Yufune Koji , Niiyama Shigetoshi , Imanishi Toshito 
Published: February 2009

AbstractCu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films with high Ga content were fabricated by sequential evaporation from CuGaSe2 and CuInSe2 ternary compounds (CuGaSe2/(CuGaSe2+CuInSe2) = 0.8) for photovoltaic device applications. XRF analysis showed that the Cu:In:Ga:Se atomic ratio in all thin films was consistent with the amounts of the evaporating materials. The Ga/(In+Ga) mole ratio in the thin films was within the range from 0.61 to 0.88. XRD studies showed that the prepared thin films had a chalcopyrite Cu(In,Ga)Se2 structure. The best solar cell using Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film prepared at CuGaSe2/(CuGaSe2 + CuInSe2) = 0.8 demonstrated Voc = 496 mV, Isc = 27.57 mA/cm2, FF = 0.508 and efficiency = 6.95% without AR‐coating. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
MBE growth and magneto‐optical properties of ZnCdSe‐ZnMnSe wire systems
Authors: Matsumoto Takashi , Omori Kenta , Nakamura Kazuhito , Muranaka Tsutomu , Nabetani Yoichi 
Published: February 2009

AbstractZn0.91Cd0.09Se/Zn0.88Mn0.12Se wire array embedded in a ZnSe barrier layer has been grown on GaAs vicinal substrate by MBE under step‐flow growth condition, and polarized photoluminescence (PL) and reflectance spectra have been measured in external magnetic field in the Voigt geometry with magnetic field parallel and perpendicular to the wire. The sample shows strong luminescence due to exciton recombination in the Zn0.91Cd0.09Se QWRs. Zeeman shift of the luminescence is anisotropic, that is, the energy shift depends on the direction of the magnetic field and the direction of electric field of emitted light. In reflectance spectra two dips are observed. One is active to the light polarized perpendicular to the magnetic field and the other is active to the light parallel to the magnetic field. The effect of energy separation between the two dips on the PL polarization is studied, and relative contribution of the heavy‐ and light‐hole component to the hole states responsible for the two transitions is discussed. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Telomerase Inhibitory Activity of Acridinic Derivatives: A 3D‐QSAR Approach
Authors: Cabrera‐Pérez Miguel Angel , Castillo‐González Daimel , Pérez‐González Maykel , Durán‐Martínez Alexander 
Published: February 2009

AbstractTelomerase is a reverse transcriptase enzyme that activates in more than 85% of cancer cells and it associated with the acquisition of a malignant phenotype. Some experimental strategies have been suggested in order to avoid the enzyme effect on unstopped telomere elongation. One of them, the stabilization of the G‐quartet structure, has been widely studied. Nevertheless, no QSAR studies to predict this activity have been developed. In the present study, several regression models were developed to identify, through 3‐D molecular descriptors, those acridinic derivatives with better inhibitory activity on the telomerase enzyme (log telEC50). Linear regression models were developed from a dataset of 85 acridinic derivatives and the best results were achieved using GETAWAY and WHIM molecular descriptors. The final model explained 80% of the variance and the predictive ability was assessed by a leave‐one‐out cross‐validation (Q$\rm{ _{{\rm{LOO}}}^2 }$=74.3), a prediction set (21 compounds of the 85; R$\rm{ _{{\rm{pred}}}^2 }$=71.50 and SDEPpred=0.366), and the prediction of inhibitory activity on telomerase enzyme for external set of ten novel acridines. The results of this study suggest that the established model has a strong predictive ability and can be prospectively used in the molecular design and action mechanism analysis of this kind of compounds with anticancer activity.
QSARs on the Depuration Rate Constants of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Elliptio complanata
Authors: Wu Dan , Liu Xinhui , Wang Lei , Wang Liang , Xu Mingzhu , Sun Tao , Yang Zhifeng , Zhou Junliang 
Published: February 2009

AbstractUsing quantum chemical descriptors and partial least squares (PLS) regression, a quantitative structure–activity relationships (QSARs) model was developed to predict the depuration rate constants (kd) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) for mussels, Elliptio complanata (log kd=−2.1406+0.6013DE−2.0767×10−3 Mw−0.201EHOMO). With a high cumulative cross‐validated regression coefficient value (Q$\rm{ {_{cum}^{2}}}$) of 0.927 and low standard deviation (SD) of 0.065, the model obtained by the training set shows a good predictive ability, and it is validated to be robust by predicting the test set. Among 20 quantum chemical descriptors, the dielectric energy (DE), the molecular weight (Mw), and the highest occupied molecular orbital energy (EHOMO) are the key descriptors governing the logkd values in the model. Increase in the DE or decrease in the Mw values leads to the increase in logkd, indicating the van der Waals interactions and steric hindrance effect on the depuration process. Decrease in the EHOMO values results in increasing the logkd values, implying important roles the molecular orbital energies may play in the biological depuration of PAHs in mussels.