bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of ofloxacin enantioseparation by ligand exchange chromatography
Authors: Tian Minglei , Yan Hongyuan , Row Kyung Ho 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: There is much interest in the recognition and determination the two ofloxacin enantiomers, not only from the point of view of investigating the pharmacokinetics of the enantiomers in vitro but also in the design and development of new chiral pharmaceutics.RESULTS: Chiral separation was performed on a C18 column, in which the mobile phase consisted of a methanol–water solution (containing different concentrations of L‐phenylalanine and copper sulfate) and its flow rate was set at 0.7 mL min−1. The effect of different kinds and concentration of ligands, bivalent copper ion, organic modifier, ionic liquid modifier, pH of mobile phase, and temperature on enantioseparation were evaluated and the results show that the enantioselectivity was strongly affected by the pH and ligand concentration of the mobile phase. Under optimal conditions, baseline separation of the two enantiomers was obtained with a resolution of 4.69 in less than 40 min.CONCLUSION: The mechanism of chiral discrimination is based on the stabilities of the copper(II) binary complexes and their ternary diastereomeric complexes with amino acids formed in solution and stationary phase. The proposed method could be used for the quality evaluation of ofloxacin enantiomers. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Comment on M. Guillot‐Delost et al. (2008;10:834‐846): Clinical‐grade preparation of human natural regulatory T cells encoding the thymidine kinase suicide gene as a safety gene
Authors: Battaglia Manuela , Strauss Laura , Roncarolo Maria‐Grazia 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis Letter to the Editor has a published Response, which can be viewed using the link below.Response to Comment
6‐[(2‐Iminopyrrolidinyl)methyl]‐5‐[125I]iodouracil as a potential thymidine phosphorylase‐targeted radiopharmaceutical: synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation
Authors: Mukai Takahiro , Taketomi Masato , Tashiro Masaaki , Yamamoto Fumihiko , Maeda Minoru 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThymidine phosphorylase (TP) is expressed at higher levels in many types of malignant tumors than in adjacent nonneoplastic tissues. The aim of this study was to develop a radiolabeled TP inhibitor, 6‐[(2‐iminopyrrolidinyl)methyl]‐5‐[125I]iodouracil ([125I]1) as a TP‐targeted radiopharmaceutical. No‐carrier‐added [125I]1 was synthesized by halogen exchange of the corresponding bromide (2). After purification by reverse‐phase HPLC, [125I]1 showed a radiochemical purity of over 97%. When administered to normal mice, [125I]1 showed a rapid clearance from the blood and a low accumulation in the thyroid and stomach, indicating good in vivo stability against deiodination. By coinjection of unlabeled 1, the uptakes in the TP‐expressing normal tissues, small intestine and liver were significantly reduced, suggesting TP‐specific modes of accumulation of [125I]1. These findings suggest that [125I]1 possesses the required properties for in vivo imaging of TP activity. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rhodium‐mediated [11C]carbonylation: a library of N‐phenyl‐N′‐{4‐(4‐quinolyloxy)‐phenyl}‐[11C]‐urea derivatives as potential PET angiogenic probes
Authors: Ilovich Ohad , Åberg Ola , Långström Bengt , Mishani Eyal 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAs part of our ongoing investigation into the imaging of angiogenic processes, a small library of eight vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐2 (VEGFR‐2)/platelet‐derived growth factor receptor β dual inhibitors based on the N‐phenyl‐N′‐4‐(4‐quinolyloxy)‐phenyl‐urea was labelled with 11C (β+, t1/2=20.4 min) in the urea carbonyl position via rhodium‐mediated carbonylative cross‐coupling of an aryl azide and different anilines. The decay‐corrected radiochemical yields of the isolated products were in the range of 38–81% calculated from [11C]carbon monoxide. Starting with 10.7±0.5 GBq of [11C]carbon monoxide, 1‐[4‐(6,7‐dimethoxy‐quinolin‐4‐yloxy)‐3‐fluoro‐phenyl]‐3‐(4‐fluoro‐phenyl)‐[11C]‐urea (2.1 GBq) was isolated after total reaction time of 45 min with a specific activity of 92±4 GBq µmol−1. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Organization of nucleobase‐functionalized β‐peptides investigated by soft electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Diezemann Nicola , Weigang Linda M. M. , Chakraborty Pradip , Frauendorf Holm , Letzel Thomas , Diederichsen Ulf 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe development and validation of analytical methods is a key to succeed in investigating noncovalent interactions between biomolecules or between small molecules and biomolecules. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) was applied with a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FTICR‐MS) as well as a quadrupole/time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometer (QqToF‐MS) for a systematic investigation of noncovalent complexes based on nucleobase pairing in an artificial and noncharged backbone topology. Synthetical β‐peptide helices covalently modified with nucleobases were organized by recognition of a sequence of four nucleobases. Specific duplexes of β‐peptide helices were obtained on the basis of hydrogen bonding base pair complementarity. Oligomer interactions were detected with defined stoichiometry and sensitivity for the respective duplex stability. FTICR‐MS and QqToF‐MS were used equally well to indicate double strand stabilities in agreement with the dissociation data determined by UV spectroscopy. Furthermore, the dissociation energies of gas phase ions of the noncovalent complexes were analyzed with collision induced dissociation (CID)‐MS/MS and infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD)‐MS/MS. The CID conditions turned out to be too harsh for a differentiation of the duplex stabilities, whereas IRMPD might be developed as a technique to detect even small interaction energy differences. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The laryngeal chemoreflex: An evaluation of the normoxic response
Authors: Heman‐Ackah Yolanda D. , Pernell Kerri J. , Goding George S. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectives:The laryngeal chemoreflex is a reflexive central apnea, bradycardia, and cardiovascular collapse that occurs in young, maturing mammals in response to exposure of the laryngeal mucosa to acidic and/or organic stimuli. The severity of the laryngeal chemoreflex varies within a species from one animal to another, and in some animals, the response can be fatal. This study seeks to identify those factors that contribute to fatal laryngeal chemoreflex responses when the larynx is stimulated under normoxic conditions, and to define how the normoxic response differs from the hypoxic laryngeal chemoreflex response.Study Design:This is a prospective study evaluating the response to laryngeal stimulation of 80 newborn piglets.Methods:The laryngeal chemoreflex response was elicited from 67 piglets under normoxic conditions. The data were collected from a combination of three separate experimental protocols, each of which included inducing the laryngeal chemoreflex under normoxic conditions as the first step. The physiologic response was recorded with a combination of arterial blood gas, pulse oximetry, blood pressure, and continuous cardiac monitoring.Results:Resumption of respirations occurred when the pCO2 rose by a mean of 8.34 (Standard Deviation [SD] = 4.8) mmHg, regardless of response severity (ANOVA, P > .05). Moderate (requiring supplemental O2 for recovery) and profound (fatal) responders had a significantly higher prestimulation pCO2 (95% confidence interval [CI] 39.8–44.8 mmHg and 40.5–46.4 mmHg, respectively) than did mild (recovery without assistance) responders (95% CI 36.8–40.8 mmHg, ANOVA, P < .05). Baseline pH was statistically significantly different as a function of response severity (95% CI profound: 7.29–7.37, moderate: 7.33–7.38, and mild 7.36–7.39, P < .05).Conclusions:Accumulation of arterial CO2 is associated with resumption of respirations during the normoxic laryngeal chemoreflex. The combination of an elevated prestimulation pCO2 and a low prestimulation pH predicts a profound laryngeal chemoreflex response under normoxic conditions. Laryngoscope, 119:370–379, 2009
Low‐cost dual‐action aural foreign‐body extractor
Authors: Dwivedi Raghav C. , Dwivedi Ravi C. , Bhatia Naresh , Rhys‐Evans Peter H. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAdequate visualization, appropriate equipment, a cooperative patient, and a skilled physician are keys to successful foreign body removal. The first attempt at removal is critical because success rates markedly decrease after the first failed attempt. Laryngoscope, 119:351–354, 2009
Randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial on the safety and efficacy of continuous intratympanic dexamethasone delivered via a round window catheter for severe to profound sudden idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss after failure of systemic therapy
Authors: Plontke Stefan K. , Löwenheim Hubert , Mertens Jürgen , Engel Corinna , Meisner Christoph , Weidner Andy , Zimmermann Rainer , Preyer Serena , Koitschev Assen , Zenner Hans‐Peter 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectives:To study the safety and efficacy of continuous intratympanic dexamethasone‐phosphate (Dex‐P) for severe to profound sudden idiopathic sensorineural hearing (ISSHL) or sudden idiopathic anacusis after failure of systemic therapy.Study Design:Randomized, double‐blind, placebo controlled multicenter trial.Methods:Patients with ISSHL and insufficient recovery (mean 4PTA = 97 dB HL) after systemic high dose glucocorticoid therapy received either Dex‐P (4mg/ml) or placebo (NaCl 0.9%) continuously applied for 14 days into the round window niche via a temporarily implanted catheter. For ethical reasons, intratympanic treatment was continued with Dex‐P in all patients for another 14 days after the placebo‐controlled study period. According to a two‐step adaptive study design an interim analysis was performed after inclusion of 23 patients.Results:Intention‐to‐treat analysis for the primary outcome criterion (4PTA: 0.5‐3kHz) during the placebo controlled study period (14 days) showed an average hearing improvement in the treatment group of 13.9 dB (SD: 21.3) and in the placebo group of 5.4 dB (SD: 10.4). This difference in hearing improvement between the two groups (mean: 8.4 dB, SD: 17.0, 95% CI: −7.1–24.1) was statistically not significant (p = .26). Of the secondary outcome parameters, the largest benefit of local salvage therapy was found for maximum speech discrimination with an improvement of 24.4% (SD: 32.0) in the treatment and 4.5% (SD: 7.6) in the placebo group (p = 0.07). After a 3 month follow‐up period (i.e. after all patients received intratympanic Dex‐P) hearing improvement in the two groups was very similar. No serious adverse events were observed. Sample size calculation after the interim analysis resulted in stopping of the trial.Conclusions:The tendency toward better hearing improvement in the treatment group, the rather conservative inclusion criteria, the limited placebo‐controlled observation period and the absence of serious adverse events supports further investigation local inner ear drug delivery as a first or second line treatment option for ISSHL. Laryngoscope, 119:359–369, 2009
Bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw and its associated risk factors: A belgian case series
Authors: Saussez Sven , Javadian Rokneddine , Hupin Chloé , Magremanne Michèle , Chantrain Gilbert , Loeb Isabelle , Decaestecker Christine 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectives:Bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BROJ) is a serious oral complication of bisphosphonate (BP) treatment involving the exposure of necrotic maxillary or mandibular bone. Our purpose is to describe the clinical presentation of 34 cases of BROJ and to identify potential risk factors.Study Design:A retrospective study was performed in four Belgian institutions.Methods:Complete medical histories were recorded and analyzed. These data include age, gender, initial disease requiring BP, type and duration of BP treatment, symptomatology and location of BROJ, prior dental procedures, treatment of the BROJ and treatment outcome, and radiographic, histological, and microbiological data.Results:Bisphosphonates (BP) were used in the management of disseminated cancers in 30 patients (88.5% of total studied), while four patients received BP due to osteoporosis (11.5%). The most frequently used BP was zoledronic acid in 29 patients (83%). Microbiological data obtained in 25 patients demonstrated that 72% of these patients were infected or colonized by an actinomyces. Eight of the 14 patients (57%) who received only medical treatment were cured. Of the 20 patients who underwent surgical treatments, only four were completely cured (20%). BROJ lesions smaller than 1 cm are associated with better prognosis in terms of treatment outcomes (P = .0009). Local treatments combined with long‐term antibiotics are also correlated with better prognosis (P = .02).Conclusions:Lesions smaller than 1 cm and lesions that were subject to medical treatments are associated with a better outcome. Surgical treatments appear to be non‐beneficial for BROJ. Laryngoscope, 119:323–329, 2009
Percutaneous tracheotomy in otolaryngology–head and neck surgery residency training programs
Authors: Goldenberg David , Park Sunny S. , Carr Michele 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectives:Percutaneous tracheotomy (PT) has been garnering attention in otolaryngology–head and neck surgery (OTO–HNS) community for many years. This procedure is used routinely by a variety of surgical disciplines; yet its use remains controversial especially in OTO–HNS. The purpose of this study is to understand the current practices pertaining to PT in OTO–HNS training programs.Study Design:Multi‐institution physician survey.Methods:A survey of 102 American OTO–HNS residency program directors.Results:The response rate was 80%. 29% of programs perform PT on a regular basis. Ciaglia Blue Rhino method was used by all respondents who could identify the method used. Simultaneous video bronchoscopy was always used by 91% of those who performed PT. Among respondents in programs where PT was not done regularly, 18% felt that it was the method of choice for selected patients; among those in programs where PT was done regularly, 72% felt that it was the method of choice. 64% of respondents indicated that other hospital services regularly performed PT in their institution, and this was evenly split between trauma, general surgery, pulmonology and intensive care unit (ICU). There was no significant difference in this regard between respondents from hospitals that did or did not do PT. 71% of OTO–HNS graduates are not trained in PT.Conclusions:Only 29% of otolaryngology residency programs in the U.S. perform PT regularly. This study objectively shows that this is a highly polarized subject amongst OTO–HNS but apparently not in medicine in general. Further study is needed to understand the reason for this controversy. Laryngoscope, 119:289–292, 2009
Dural arteriovenous fistula: Diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes
Authors: Cohen Samuel D. , Goins Jeanne L. , Butler Susan G. , Morris P. Pearse , Browne J. Dale 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectives:The objective of this study is to determine the sensitivity of computed tomography angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) compared to the gold standard, conventional carotid angiography, in the diagnosis of a dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF). Further objectives include identifying outcomes of treatment and complications as a function of pretreatment radiologic classification.Study Design:This is a retrospective review of adults diagnosed with a DAVF between 1990 and 2006.Methods:Data collected included age, gender, presenting clinical symptoms, diagnostic imaging modalities (conventional angiography, CTA, and/or MRA), interventions (self‐compression of artery, embolization, craniotomy, or a combination of these), results (symptoms resolved, improved, or same), and complications (embolic or surgical). All DAVFs were classified according to the Cognard classification.Results:There were a total of 46 patients with 51 fistulas, of whom 42 patients (46 fistulas) had complete follow‐up data. Using conventional angiography as the gold standard, CTA had a sensitivity of 15.4%, whereas MRA had a sensitivity of 50%. Embolization (either single or multiple treatments) was the most common treatment, being done in 36/46 (78%) fistulas. Presenting symptoms were resolved or improved in 45/46 fistulas (97.8%) regardless of treatment or Cognard classification. There were complications in 12/46 (26%) patients, most of which were transient and resolved without permanent sequelae.Conclusions:A DAVF is a vascular lesion that is best diagnosed with conventional angiography, but can often be found with MRA. Treatment with endovascular embolization is effective and has few significant complications. Laryngoscope, 119:293–297, 2009
Microdebrider‐assisted versus radiofrequency‐assisted inferior turbinoplasty
Authors: Liu Chia‐Min , Tan Ching‐Ding , Lee Fei‐Peng , Lin Kai‐Nan , Huang Hung‐Meng 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectives:The study aimed to evaluate the long‐term efficacy of microdebrider‐assisted inferior turbinoplasty (MAIT) compared to radiofrequency‐assisted inferior turbinoplasty (RAIT) for hypertrophic inferior turbinates.Study Design:Surgical outcomes were evaluated using the visual analogue scale, anterior rhinomanometry, and saccharin test results.Methods:From January 2001 to December 2006 inclusively, 120 patients with persistent allergic rhinitis, chronic nasal obstruction, and hypertrophic inferior turbinates were enrolled in this study, randomly classified, and underwent either MAIT (n = 60) or RAIT. Ten patients who did not have any nasal discomfort served as normal controls. Assessments (visual analogue scale, anterior rhinomanometry, and saccharin test) were conducted prior to surgery and 6 months, 1, 2, and 3 years subsequent to surgery.Results:Compared to preoperative values, the symptom scores (nasal obstruction, sneezing, rhinorrhea, and snoring), mean total nasal resistance, and mean saccharin transit time all improved significantly at 6 months, 1, 2, and 3 years after surgery in MAIT group (P < .05 for all). The same holds true for the RAIT group from 6 months up to 1 year (P < .05 for all), but no improvements from 2 to 3 years after were noted. The parameters between the two groups did not significantly differ 6 months after surgery, but was noted after 1 to 3 years (P < .05 for all).Conclusion:MAIT is more effective than RAIT at relieving nasal symptoms and decreasing total nasal resistance and saccharin transit time 1 to 3 years postoperatively in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis and who have substantial nasal obstruction. Laryngoscope, 119:414–418, 2009
Defining the nasopalatine line: The limit for endonasal surgery of the spine
Authors: de Almeida John R. , Zanation Adam M. , Snyderman Carl H. , Carrau Ricardo L. , Prevedello Daniel M. , Gardner Paul A. , Kassam Amin B. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectives:The expanded endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) to the odontoid process is performed for decompression of the brainstem and to access tumors at the foramen magnum. Caudal exposure is limited by the nasal bones anteriorly and the hard palate posteriorly. We define the line connecting these two points as the nasopalatine line (NPL) and the nasopalatine angle (NPA) as the angle between the nasopalatine line and the plane of the hard palate.Study Design:This study was a retrospective cohort study.Methods:Pre and post‐operative computed tomographic (CT) scans of 17 patients who underwent transodontoid EEA were reviewed. The position of the odontoid and the inferior extent of the tumor and surgical dissection were compared to the NPL. Factors affecting the posterior projection of the NPL, including basilar invagination and head position, were examined.Results:The mean NPA was 27.1° (range 21–31°). The NPL intersects the spinal column at 8.9 mm (range −9.0–8.7 mm) above the base of the C2 body. The base of the odontoid process and the inferior extent of surgical dissection were always above this line. Both basilar invagination and head position affect the relative position of the NPL. Patients with basilar invagination demonstrated a significantly lower posterior projection of the NPL than those without (P < .01). Maximal cervical flexion afforded more caudal exposure than cervical extension.Conclusions:The NPL accurately predicts the most inferior extent of surgical dissection. Further caudal dissection may require the use of angled instruments or a transoral approach. Laryngoscope, 119:239–244, 2009
Bile acids identified in middle ear effusions of children with otitis media with effusion
Authors: Klokkenburg Joost J.C. , Hoeve Hans L.J. , Francke Jan , Wieringa Marjan H. , Borgstein Johannes , Feenstra Louw 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Several studies have shown the presence of pepsin in the middle ear effusions of children with otitis media with effusion (OME). When gastric reflux is the cause, other noxious reflux products might be present. We therefore investigated the presence of bile acids in the middle ear effusions of children with OME.Study Design:We evaluated 38 children (63 samples of middle ear secretions (ME samples)) in a prospective study at a tertiary care children's hospital.Methods:ME samples were collected from children with OME during ventilation tube insertion. Most ME samples were diluted with albumin. The presence of bile acids was measured with the 3α‐hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase enzymatic method. A ME sample was considered positive when it contained at least 5 μmol/l bile acids, independent of dilution. Blood samples were taken simultaneously as a reference to determine bile acids serum levels.Results:We found bile acids in 32 % (20/63) of all ME samples and in 42% (16/38) of all children. Bile acids concentrations of 12 well‐soluble ME samples ranged from 5.9–40.9 μmol/L and were 3.1–19.7 times higher than the serum concentrations. In 4 of the corresponding serums, no bile acids were measurable at all.Conclusions:Bile acids are present in a number of the ME samples of children with OME. Because of dilution, it is possible that more ears contain bile acids. Bile acids are known to be noxious to mucosal cells at a higher (pH) than pepsin and, therefore, might play a role in the pathology of OME. Laryngoscope, 119:396–400, 2009
13C CP MAS NMR of halogenated (Cl, Br, I) pharmaceuticals at ultrahigh magnetic fields
Authors: Terskikh Victor V. , Lang Stephen J. , Gordon Peter G. , Enright Gary D. , Ripmeester John A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis work reports significantly improved spectral resolution of 13C CP MAS NMR spectra of chlorinated, brominated and iodinated solid organic compounds when such spectra are recorded at ultrahigh magnetic field strengths. The cause of this is the residual dipolar coupling between carbon atoms and quadrupolar halogen nuclides (chlorine‐35/37, bromine‐79/81 or iodine‐127), an effect inversely proportional to the magnetic field strength which declines in importance markedly at 21.1 T as compared to lower fields. In favorable cases, the fine structure observed can be used for spectral assignment, e.g. for Cl‐substituted aromatics where the substituted carbon as well as the ortho‐carbons show distinct doublets. The experimental results presented are supported by theoretical modeling and calculations. The improved spectral resolution in the studied systems and similar halogenated materials will be of particular interest and importance for polymorph identification, drug discovery and quality control in the pharmaceutical industry. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.