bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microstructure and Creep Strength of Grade 91 Steel Used in USC Plants
Authors: Yaguchi Masatsugu , Nagai Seiji , Sawada Kota , Kimura Kazuhiro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
ASME Grade 91 steel seam-welded elbow pipe, which has been used in a USC plant (A-Plant) for about 6 × 104 h, was investigated to clarify the microstructure and remaining creep life of the material at long-term region. SEM and TEM observations were conducted on specimens cut from the welded portions of the intrados and extrados of the elbow, and the number density of creep voids in fine-grained HAZ was measured in the wall-thickness direction. Then, creep rupture tests were performed to examine the remaining life of each portion of the base metal and welded joint. On the basis of the results, it was suggested that the microstructural changes were small and that the cumulative creep damage was also small for the elbow pipe during its use at the USC plant for about 6 × 104 h. The present result was compared with the result of an investigation on Grade 91 steel elbow used in another USC plant (B-Plant) for about 5 × 104 h. The A-Plant material had a creep life about ten times longer than that of the B-Plant material for not only the base metals but also the welded joint. Through the comparison of the investigation results, it was suggested that the difference in the creep deformation property between the base metals of the elbows was the main reason for the difference in their creep lives.
Secondary Hardening of T24 Steel Weld Joints Performed at Incorrect Interpass Temperature and Low Temperature Heat Treatment
Authors: Sondel Martin , Koukal Jaroslav , Schwarz David , Mohyla Petr 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The efficiency of power plants is depending on the steam temperature and/or the steam pressure. Efficiency increasing from 35% to 42-45% require increasing of the steam temperature over 600°C and the pressure over 26 MPa. According to the designer opinion it is not profitable to use classical low alloy creep resistant steels 16Mo3, 13CrMo4-5 or 10CrMo9-10 for membrane waterwall construction for these service condition. New modified low alloy creep resistance T23 and T24 (7CrMoVTiB10-10) steels were developed for membrane waterwalls. Welding of these steels with small thickness (around 6.3 mm) should be enabled without preheating and post weld heat treatment (PWHT) due to the lower carbon content below 0.1%. High creep rupture strength (CRS) values are achieved by Ti, N and B elements alloyed to T24 steel. The original expectation that the welding small thickness without preheating was early overcome and was wrong. According to the present experience the T24 steel is welded with preheating at 150-250°C depending on the wall thickness and welded joint toughness in order to achieve required hardness and impact toughness values. Opinions on the T24 welded joints post weld heat treatment (PWHT) requirements are still inconsistent. Especially the membrane waterwalls of the supercritical power plants are still produced without PWHT.
Development Status of High Performance Ferritic (HiperFer) Steels
Authors: Kuhn B. , Talik M. , Lopez Barrilao J. , Singheiser L. , Yamamoto Y. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
High chromium HiperFer (High performance ferritic) materials present a promising concept for the development of high temperature creep and corrosion resistant steels. The institute for Microstructure and Properties of Materials (IEK-2) at Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Germany develops high strength, Laves phase forming, fully ferritic steels which feature excellent resistance to steam oxidation and better creep life than state of the art 9-12 Cr steels. Mechanical strength properties of these steels depend not only on chemical composition, but can be adapted to various applications by specialized thermo(mechanical) treatment. The paper will outline the sensitivity of tensile, creep, stress relaxation and impact properties on processing and heat treatment. Furthermore an outlook on future development potentials will be derived.
Dissimilar Metal Welds in Grade 91 Steel
Authors: Kuper Michael W. , Alexandrov Boian T. , Mills Michael J. , Joshua Burgess D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Unpredictable failures near the phase boundary in Grade 91 dissimilar metal welds (DMW) with nickel based filler metals represent a significant problem for the power generation industry. In order to determine the root cause for these failures, it is necessary to understand the formation of the microstructure in the weld regions around the site of failure. Thermal histories were therefore measured inside the Grade 91 steel heat affected zone (HAZ) of an autogenous weld and of a DMW in the form of bead on plate with Alloy 625 to study the effect of the weld thermal cycle on microstructural formation. It was found that the HAZ in the DMW experienced longer dwell time at high temperatures because of the latent heat of fusion released during Alloy 625 solidification (1350 - 1125 °C). This allowed longer time for carbide dissolution and phase transformations in the DMW than in the autogenous weld. Additionally, the 625 filler metal created a large chemical potential gradient for carbon, which when combined with longer dwell times, yielded carbon depletion in the heat affected zone. Retention of δ ferrite in the coarse grained HAZ (CGHAZ) of DMWs was found to be an indicator for these mechanisms.
Microstructure Control Using the Formation of Laves Phase through Interphase Precipitation in Ferritic Heat Resistant Steels
Authors: Yuan Zhetao , Kobayashi Satoru , Takeyama Masao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The formation of periodically arrayed rows of very fine Fe2Hf Laves phase particles was recently found in 9 wt. % chromium ferritic matrix through interphase precipitation along a reaction path of δ-ferrite → γ-austenite + Fe2Hf with a subsequent phase transformation of the γ phase into the α-ferrite phase. One of the problems on the formation of the fine Laves phase dispersion is a poor heat treatability; the interphase precipitation (δ-Fe→γ-Fe+Fe2Hf) is competitive with the precipitation of Laves phase from the δ phase in the eutectoid-type reaction pathway (δ→δ+Fe2Hf). In the present work, the effect of supersaturation on the precipitation of Laves phase from δ phase (δ→δ+Fe2Hf) and the δ→γ transformation in the reaction pathway was investigated by changing the Hf and Cr contents. The results obtained suggest that it is effective to have a high supersaturation for the precipitation of Laves phase and an adequately high supersaturation for the δ→γ transformation at the same time in order to widen the window of the interphase precipitation
Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of an Advanced Ta-Alloyed 9%Cr Steel
Authors: Tkachev Evgeniy , Belyakov Andrey 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The microstructures of an advanced Ta-added 9Cr-3Co-2W-Mo steel with increased boron content that has been homogenized at different temperatures were investigated. The chains of coarse W-rich particles were observed in the steel after homogenization at 1150°C for 24 h. These particles remained in the microstructure after normalization and tempering. Such additional dispersion hardening in the initial state of the studied steel decreased the creep rate in transient region. However, the duration of steady state creep and overall creep time was increased in the samples homogenized at 1200°C. Despite of the presence of coarse W-rich particles, the impact toughness of the low-temperature- homogenized steel in the tempered condition was significantly higher than that of the steel homogenized at 1200°C
Super VM12—A New 12% Cr Boiler Steel
Authors: Subanović Marko , Pirón Abellón Javier , Gauss Arno , Jarrar Mahmud , Schneider André 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The newly developed 12%Cr steel Super VM12 is characterized by excellent creep rupture strength properties (better than Grade 92) and enhanced steam oxidation resistance of 12%Cr steels such as VM12-SHC. Balanced properties profile of the new steel development in comparison to the existing well-established steels such as Grade 91 and Grade 92, opens opportunities for its application as construction material for components in existing or future high-efficiency power plants. In this study the oxidation behavior of typical 9%Cr steels was compared with the new steel development. The oxide scale morphologies and compositions of different oxide layers as function of temperature and exposure time in steam-containing atmospheres were characterized using light optical metallography, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Creep testing has been carried out in the temperature range between 525°C and 700°C. Selected creep specimens were investigated using the Transmission Electron Microscopy and the Atom Probe Tomography techniques.
Properties and Microstructure Evolution of Advanced High Performance Ferritic (HiperFer) Steels
Authors: Lopez Barrilao J. , Kuhn B. , Fischer T. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
More efficient, sustainable, flexible and cost-effective energy technologies are strongly needed to fulfil the new challenges of the German “Energiewende”. For a reduction of consumed primary resources higher efficiency steam cycles with increased operating parameters, pressure and temperature, are mandatory. Hence, advanced materials are needed. The present study focuses on stainless, high strength, ferritic (non-martensitic) steel grades, regarding thermal treatment effects on particle evolution. The heat treatment includes variations, e.g. a two phase pre heat treatment. Effects of the treatment were analysed and connected to creep performance. Experiments at differently heat treated materials show promising improvement of creep performance. These results can be linked to the stability and evolution of strengthening Laves phase particles.
Creep Damage Evaluation for Welded Pipe of Ni Based Alloy HR6W Using Full Thickness Specimen
Authors: Zhang Shengde , Fukutomi Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates creep rupture and damage behaviors of HR6W weldment using full thickness specimen cut from the circumferentially welded pipe. Creep tests were conducted at 750°C for durations up to 8,000 hours, and damage morphology of weldment during creep was characterized. The applicability of several nondestructive detection methods to the creep damage evaluation was discussed. It was found that full thickness specimen was broken at the base metal and main crack was inclined approximately at 45 degrees to the axial direction of the specimen. Times to creep rupture of full thickness specimen were comparable with those of the standard specimen. In addition, a small crack in base metal on the outer surface was first observed at life fraction of 35% by replication. PT can detect the crack in about half of the life. The crack whose length is longer than 3mm can be detected by UT in latter half of the life.
Linking Immigrants with Nutrition Knowledge (Project LINK): An Innovative Approach to Improve Cultural Competence in Dietetic Education
Authors: Vatanparast Hassan , Henry Carol , Rostami Mehdi , Finch Sarah , Cammer Allison , Johnson Emily , Longworth Zoe , Wang Cindy 
Published: March 2024

Linking Immigrants with Nutrition Knowledge (Project LINK) was a service-learning cultural competence training programme completed by undergraduate dietetic students enrolled in the University of Saskatchewan’s (USASK) nutrition and dietetic programme. This paper evaluates the impact of participation in the programme on students’ cultural competence. We conducted a cross-sectional survey and qualitative analysis of reflective essays of 107 participants of Project LINK from 2011 to 2014. Cumulative logistic regression models assessed the impact of the intervention on students’ cultural competencies. The Akaike information criterion compared models and Spearman correlation coefficient identified possible correlation among pre- and post-intervention data points. Student reflective essays were analyzed by inductive thematic analysis. All cultural competencies improved comparing pre- and post-participation in Project LINK. Odds of increasing one level of student knowledge were 110 times of that prior to Project LINK. Comparing student competencies before and after Project LINK, the odds of increasing one level of students’ skills were six times greater, five times greater for increasing one level of students’ ability to interact or encounter, and 2.8 times greater for increasing one level of students’ attitude. The results of this study indicate Project LINK has successfully increased cultural competence and underscores the importance of combining opportunities for practical experience in addition to classroom-based training on cultural competence.
STUDY OF PATIENTS' QUALITY OF LIFE AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO AN ADDITIONAL DIAGNOSTIC METHOD IN THE EXAMINATION OF PATIENTS WITH DISLOCATED TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISKS
Authors: Lunkova Y.S. , Dvornyk V.M. , Illiashenko Y.I. , Pavlish I.V. , Perepelova T.V. 
Published: March 2024

"Quality of life is a concept used to assess and measure the level of satisfaction, health, comfort and general well-being of a person or group of people".
The aim of the study was to investigate the QOL indicators of patients with dislocated TMJ articular discs during examination and treatment.
The objective of this study is to determine the impact on the QOL of patients' orthopedic treatment of TMJ disc dislocations.
The number of examined patients was 50, age 25 to 60 years, patients had a dislocated TMJ disk.
In this study, we compared the QOL indicators in patients with dislocated TMJ discs before and after treatment, using the WHO QOL-100 questionnaire.
The results of the study showed that the average score of the perception of overall quality of life and health (G) after treatment improved significantly. The study was divided into spheres: "Physical sphere" fatigue has significantly decreased, the feeling of pain and discomfort has disappeared, sleep has normalized, energy and strength have increased; "Psychological sphere" feelings and thinking have become more positive, concentration, self-esteem and appearance have improved, and anxiety has decreased; "Level of independence" increased daily activity and performance; "Social relationships" improved perception of relationships in society; "Environment" normalized general health of patients; in the "Spiritual sphere" patients became more confident.
Thus, after orthopedic treatment of TMJ articular disc dislocations, QOL of patients improves significantly. The study of QOL in patients in the treatment of TMJ dislocations can be used as a diagnostic criterion for patient recovery.
Directions for future research: the use of QOL research in assessing the quality of care of orthopedic dentists in the treatment of patients with TMJ dislocations.
Overview of Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviour Level among Medical Students of Universitas Sumatera Utara towards Lactobacillus Casei Strain Shirota in Probiotic Drink
Authors: Inriani Vega , Simatupang Maria Magdalena , Sugih Arto Nindia , Aldiansyah Dudy 
Published: March 2024

Introduction.
Probiotics are widely used in health research because it is considered to be beneficial for human health. Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota is one of the lactic acid bacteria which mostly found in commercial drink. This bactery can improve gut’s immunity towards pathogen by producing bacteriocin which is able to lower the pH in the gut. However it was found inappropriate probiotic product storaging, inappropriate way of consuming probiotic drink and the mixing of probiotic drink with other drinks randomly could disrupt the viability of probiotic bacteria which would reduce the benefits of the probiotic drink. Aim. The aim of this study is to observe the knowledge, attitude and behaviour level from students of faculty of medicine Universitas Sumatera Utara towards Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota in probiotic drink. Method. This is a descriptive research with cross sectional approach. The research is collecting primary data using questionnaire about knowledge, attitude and behaviour level towards Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota in probiotic drinks. Result. From 152 respondents who met all the criteria, there are 48,7% respondents have good knowledge level, 45,4% sufficient and 5,9% deficient. Moreover, there are 22,4% respondents have good attitude level, 47,4% sufficient and 30,3% deficient. Also, there are 77% respondents have good behaviour level, 21% sufficient and 2,0% deficient. Conclusion. Majority of respondents have good knowledge level, sufficient attitude level and good behaviour level towards Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota.
Current Review of Atrial Fibrillation Detected After Stroke
Authors: Valentinus Besin  
Published: March 2024

Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) have a greater probability of a stroke event than patients without AF. As a result of developments in cardiac monitoring, the diagnosis of AF during an ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack has improved these years. More cases of AF detected after stroke (AFDAS) are reported, which has implications for future risk of recurrent stroke and prevention. This article provides the current review of AFDAS's monitoring and brief management.
A Laminectomy Decompression in Radiculopathy Vertebrae L3-L4, L4-L5: A Case Report
Authors: Priambodo Radityo , Ompusunggu Sevline Estethia , Dahlan Rully Hanafi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Introduction: Spinal tumors are uncommon lesions and affect only a minority of the population. Spinal metastases comprising approximately 97% of masses encountered with spinal imaging and is the most common site of metastasis from breast cancer. The sign and symptom for metastatic spinal tumors is varied from back pain, motoric and sensoric dysfunction and in advanced disease, spinal cord compression.Case Report: In this case, we report a 39-year-old female patient with complaints of weakness in the lower limb with history of breast cancer. The patient underwent a contrast lumbosacral MRI examination and found the patient has metastatic spine tumors. The patient was then planned to undergo laminectomy decompression, tumor resection, and posterior stabilization procedures. Conclusion: Spinal tumors is a condition that can arise within spinal cord itself or from the adjacent structures. It affects only a minority of the population. The hallmark symptom for spinal metastases is back pain. Surgical techniques such as open decompression and stabilization are used from the condition of the patient who has a neurodeficit and compression from radiological examination with good prognosis.

Keywords: Breast cancer, Metastatic spinal tumors, Neurosurgery, Weakness
Stay or leave: Chinese international studentsâ€™ decision-making process about their migration intentions post-graduation in Canada
Authors: Xu Wenyan (Vicky) 
Published: March 2024

<p>This paper examines a Chinese international studentâ€™s decision-making pattern towards migration intentions after graduation using â€œthe standard push-pull and reverse push-pull modelsâ€ . This paper aims to suggest ways to improve the overall immigration and settlement experience of an international student in Canada by applying an autoethnography research methodology. The major factors that contribute to a Chinese international studentâ€™s decision-making process when it Â comes to migration intentions are divided into five phases including the initial journey, the post-graduation experience, the process of seeking permanent residence, acquiring the status of aÂ </p>
<p>permanent resident, and finally, an examination of the racism towards Chinese students in the era of COVID-19. This paper argues that immigration and settlement experience are severely affected by cultural identity, inclusion and diversity, the immigration system and administration process, government settlement and integration services, and incentives to attract returnees from the Chinese government.</p>
<p><br></p>
<p>Key words: Chinese international students, migration intentions, immigration system, settlement and integration services, push-pull model, reverse push-pull model.</p>
Ecoformação, Transdisciplinaridade e a Horta: aliadas para o desenvolvimento pleno nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Buch Claudinéia Aparecida Alves , Blaszko Caroline Elizabel , Ujiie Nájela Tavares 
Published: March 2024

A ecoformação tem articulação tríade homem-natureza-sociedade, com intuito do alcance de uma educação ambiental e sustentável. A transdisciplinaridade é o estudo do todo, dentre e entre as disciplinas, em suas nuances, relações e correlações. A horta é um âmbito sistêmico global, espaço-tempo vivo, laboratório de aprendizagens. Por essa via, o artigo apresentado tem configuração metodológica por um estudo teórico-bibliográfico, o qual conceitua e define ecoformação, transdisciplinaridade e a horta na escola, como cenário potencial para o processo ensino-aprendizagem dos anos inciais do ensino fundamental, tendo por objetivo a formação integral dos estudantes numa correlação biófila. Assim, evidencia a horta na escola de anos iniciais do ensino fundamental como um espaço dinamizador de ensino-aprendizagem e de formação integral do estudante, ao passo que envolve a ação conjunta entre estudantes, professores e comunidade escolar por meio de práticas transdisciplinares e ecoformadoras.
Palavras-chave: Ecoformação. Transdisciplinaridade. Horta. Anos Iniciais.

ABSTRACT
Ecotraining has a man-nature-society triad articulation, with the aim of achieving environmental and sustainable education. Transdisciplinarity is the study of the whole, within and between disciplines, in their nuances, relationships and correlations. The garden is a global systemic scope, living space-time, a learning laboratory. In this way, the article presented has a methodological configuration through a theoretical-bibliographical study, which conceptualizes and defines eco-training, transdisciplinarity and the garden at school, as a potential scenario for the teaching-learning process in the initial years of elementary school, with the objective the comprehensive training of students in a biophilic correlation. Thus, it highlights the garden in early years schools as a space that stimulates teaching-learning and comprehensive student training, while involving joint action between students, teachers and the school community through transdisciplinary and eco-training practices.
Keywords: Ecotraining. Transdisciplinarity. Vegetable garden. Early Years.
SOSIALISASI DAN EDUKASI TENTANG PENTINGNYA POLA HIDUP SEHAT UNTUK MENCEGAH RESIKO HIPERTENSI DAN DIABETES MELLITUS PADA LANSIA DI PUSKESMAS JATIRAYA KENDARI
Authors: Sahumena Muhammad Handoyo , Sitti Raodah Nurul Jannah  , Loly Subhiaty Idrus  , Dian Munasari Solo  , Nurull Hikmah  
Published: March 2024

Penyakit ddiabetes mellitus dan hipertensi tidak dapat diobati hanya bisa untuk dikontrol pengobatannya untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup penderitanya. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini yaitu memberi pengetahuan dan pemahaman lebih jelas lagi tentang penyakit diabetes mellitus dan hipertensi, memberi peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pentingnya menjaga pola hidup sehat untuk mengurangi resiko dari penyakit diabetes mellitus dan hipertensi pada masyarakat lansia di Kel. Anaiwoi. Kegiatan yang dilakukan dalam program pengabdian masyarakat ini berupa sosialisasi “Ayo t Terapkan Pola Hidup Sehat Untuk Kurangi Resiko Penyakit Hipertensi Dan Diabetes Melitus Pada Lansia” kepada masyarakat Kel. Anaiwoi, Kec. Kadia Kota Kendari, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara yang diikuti 27 lansia. Metode yang digunakan yaitu ceramah serta pembagian leaflet. Hasil kegiatan ini menambah pengetahuan masyarakat lansia untuk menjaga pola hidup sehat dan meningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai pengobatan hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus. Simpulan kegiatan ini yaitu bertambahnya pengetahuan masyarakat untuk menjaga pola hidup sehat dan peningkatkan kepatuhan minum obat