bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a Group CBT Early Intervention Program for Adolescents With Comorbid Depression and Behaviour Problems
Authors: Wignall Ann 
Published: May 2008

AbstractDepression and externalising behaviour disorders frequently occur together in adolescence and are associated with a marked increase in symptom severity and poorer outcome. Clinical treatment research and early intervention programs for depression have not addressed the specific cognitive and interpersonal deficits associated with comorbidity. This study presents a pilot evaluation of modifications to the ACE (Adolescents Coping with Emotions) early intervention group program for depression for 17 students attending four special behaviour schools. The modified program, m-ACE, included content to address cognitive distortions, anger management and interpersonal problems. Participants reported improvements in depression symptoms and externalising behaviours. The program achieved high satisfaction ratings from participants and the drop-out rate was low. This is a promising approach for further development and targeting of early intervention programs for this complex population.
The Role of Alternative Education Programs in Meeting the Needs of Adolescent Students With Challenging Behaviour: Characteristics of Best Practice
Authors: de Jong Terry , Griffiths Coosje 
Published: May 2008

AbstractRecently the Ministerial Council on Education, Employment, Training and Youth Affairs (MCEETYA) conducted a nationwide survey on programs that exhibit best practice in addressing student behaviour issues (de Jong, 2004). Seven themes related to the characteristics of best practice were identified in this survey. Alternative education programs (AEPs) was one of them. Although contentious in the context of inclusive education, this survey indicated that, provided they are embedded in best practice, AEPs are still considered to be a creditable means of meeting the needs of adolescent students with challenging behaviour in most Australian education jurisdictions. This being so, what constitutes best practice in the construction and delivery of an AEP? This is the main focus of our article. We briefly define AEPs, submit a continuum of types of AEPs, consider the cases against and in favour of AEPs, and conclude by presenting the characteristics of quality AEPs according to three categories, namely: (1) organisation and partnerships, (2) pastoral care and ethos, and (3) curriculum and pedagogy.
New Solutions for Addressing Indigenous Mental Health: A Call to Counsellors to Introduce the New Positive Psychology of Success
Authors: Craven Rhonda G. , Bodkin-Andrews Gawain 
Published: May 2008

AbstractAustralia's ‘black’ history has had and continues to have a pervasive and adverse impact on Indigenous Australians. In fact, Indigenous Australians are the most disadvantaged Australians based on all socioeconomic indicators that serve to drive life potential. There is also a dearth of scholarly research available, particularly in relation to Indigenous children in the schooling sector and mental health. However, recent research with both Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations offers new, potentially potent, solutions. In this article we provide (a) a rationale for Indigenous mental health being a significant social issue of our time, (b) a summary of some recent research findings pertaining to mental health of young Indigenous Australians, (c) outline why a positive psychology approach offers a new solution for intervention with specific reference to the importance of the self-concept construct for Indigenous students, and (d) call upon counsellors, practitioners, and policy makers to implement and evaluate the latter approach.
School-Based Intervention: Examining a Universal Approach to Anxiety Management
Authors: Barrett Paula M. , Pahl Kristine M. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractAnxiety disorders are among the most common mental health problems affecting children and adolescents. Current estimates indicate that 1 in 5 children or 4 to 6 students within a classroom of 30 children are at risk for developing an anxiety disorder (Boyd, Kostanski, Gullone, Ollendick, & Shek, 2000). Of these children, many will not receive clinical intervention. The school environment is the optimal setting to address this issue and to minimise the risk and prevent the development of anxiety disorders. This article examines the importance of early intervention and prevention within the school setting through an examination of the risk and protective factors of anxiety and the comparability of three approaches to prevention in schools — selective, indicated, and universal approaches. All three prevention approaches are discussed along with the advantages and disadvantages of each. The applicability of the universal approach to prevention is discussed in relation to the FRIENDS for Life (FRIENDS) program (Barrett, 2004, 2005) and its implementation within schools. The FRIENDS program is an evidence-based, cognitive–behavioural anxiety program for children and youth. It is the only evidence-based program endorsed by the World Health Organization as an effective program for the prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression in children and youth.
A Review of the Impact of Marital Conflict on Child Adjustment
Authors: Barletta John , O'Mara Bernie 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis article presents a review of research literature regarding the association between marital conflict and child adjustment in intact families. Factors such as the child temperament and gender, the relational dynamics between parent/s and child, the child's developmental stage and cognitive appraisal of the conflict — including aspects of the child's physiological system, as well as parenting practices — are explored to outline contributions to the understanding of issues associated with this aspect of family process. Developmental psychopathology is offered as a useful resource in terms of a process oriented theoretical framework providing a multi-dimensional approach to exploring and explaining the impact of marital conflict on children.
Survival and Dispersal of Hatchery-Raised Rainbow Trout in a River Basin Undergoing Urbanization
Authors: Runge Jonathan P. , Peterson James T. , Martin Christopher R. 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
We evaluated the effect of urbanization on water temperature and the survival of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss that support a popular coldwater fishery in the Chattahoochee River near Atlanta, Georgia. Using multistratum tag recovery models, we estimated the monthly survival, dispersal, and angler harvest reporting rates of stocked trout in two study reaches from March to October 2006. The best-approximating models indicated that the monthly survival of stocked trout was negatively related to angler effort and the amount of time that water temperature exceeded 20°C. We found that trout survival was more sensitive to high water temperature than to angler effort. Dispersal rates from a warmer downstream to a cooler upstream reach were 6–7 times those from upstream to downstream. Empirical temperature–discharge models indicated that water temperatures in the river downstream of Morgan Falls Dam have increased from 1976 to 2006, urbanization being a likely contributing factor. We estimate that on average 60 m3/s of additional discharge in summer are needed under current (2006) conditions to maintain water temperatures similar to those prior to urbanization (1976). Increased water use from the river accounted for less than one-fourth of the 60 m3/s, suggesting that other factors, such as a higher percentage of impervious surfaces, were primarily responsible for the higher temperatures. Using these models, we estimate that on average 20% of the stocked trout were lost during the summer months owing to angling and other sources (e.g., high temperature) under preurbanized conditions, whereas 70% of the fish are lost under current conditions. Our models suggest that increasing the hypolimnetic releases from an upstream dam could mitigate the effects of urbanization on water temperature during the summer.
An Index‐Removal Abundance Estimator That Allows for Seasonal Change in Catchability, with Application to Southern Rock Lobster Jasus edwardsii
Authors: Ihde Thomas F. , Hoenig John M. , Frusher Stewart D. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe index‐removal method provides estimates of abundance, exploitation rate, and catchability coefficient. Estimates from the original method suffer from poor precision. Recent work has improved the precision of model estimates; however, the method still includes the strong assumption of constant survey catchability over years and seasons. This assumption is not tenable in many fisheries. This work introduces a new multiyear model, 2qIR, that allows catchability to differ between surveys of the same year. Simulations were performed to examine the effects of variability in (1) the exploitation rate among years, (2) survey catchability, and (3) the number of years of data on model performance. The 2qIR model estimates were always more accurate and precise than those of the other models examined and other model scenarios in which there was moderate contrast in exploitation among years, regardless of the seasonal difference between survey catchability coefficients. The ratios of survey catchability tested ranged from 0.1 to 10, but the model worked best at catchability ratios greater than 0.3. The 2qIR model performance improved slightly when a third year was added to the data set, but performance was similar with 3 or 5 years of data. In all types of simulations, the 2qIR model estimates were usable (i.e., not negative, infinite, or made with a convergence error) a greater proportion of the time than were annual model estimates. The 2qIR model produced reasonable results when applied to data from a population of southern rock lobster Jasus edwardsii in Tasmania, whereas the models that assume constant catchability among surveys sometimes predicted exploitation rates exceeding 100%. The results from both the simulations and the lobster data suggest that the 2qIR model can be reliably applied in more situations than models that assume constant survey catchability.
Hypoxia and Aggressive Tumor Phenotype: Implications for Therapy and Prognosis
Authors: Vaupel Peter 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
Tumor hypoxia, mostly resulting from poor perfusion and anemia, is one of the key factors in inducing the development of cell clones with an aggressive and treatment-resistant phenotype that leads to rapid progression and poor prognosis. Studies in patients with solid tumors suggest that there is a range of hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations that is optimum for tumor oxygenation. When used to achieve an Hb level within this range, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) can be expected to increase tumor oxygenation, and this may favorably influence sensitivity to treatment as well as quality of life. There is no robust evidence that ESAs, when used as indicated, have a negative effect on survival in patients with solid tumors. When used outside the indications recommended, the rise in Hb level that results may reduce tumor blood flow and tissue oxygenation because of a raised viscosity within the abnormal tumor microvasculature. In the current situation, it remains important to use ESAs within the approved indications and according to treatment guidelines such as those developed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer.
New approach to solution of photorefractive transport equations
Authors: Wichtowski Marek , Ziółkowski Andrzej , Weinert-Rączka Ewa 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
In our work we propose a novel method of analysis of photorefractive transport equations. The method based on a perturbative approach can be used in the case of two wave mixing and four wave mixing geometry, i.e. for the samples illuminated by interference patterns. Presented approach can be employed for a broad range of material and experimental parameters, particularly for arbitrary depth of light modulation pattern. The approximate analytical solution is compared with results of numerical calculations and a good agreement practically in every case was found.
XRD study on the effect of the deposition condition on pulsed laser deposition of ZnO films
Authors: Man Bao , Xi Hong , Chen Chuan , Liu Mei , Wei Jing 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
Using a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) process on a ZnO target in an oxygen atmosphere, thin films of this material have been deposited on Si(111) substrates. An Nd: YAG pulsed laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm was used as the laser source. The influences of the deposition temperature, laser energy, annealing temperature and focus lens position on the crystallinity of ZnO films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The results show that the ZnO thin films obtained at the deposition temperature of 400°C and the laser energy of 250 mJ have the best crystalline quality in our experimental conditions. The ZnO thin films fabricated at substrate temperature 400°C were annealed at the temperatures from 400°C to 800°C in an atmosphere of N2. The results show that crystalline quality has been improved by annealing, the optimum temperature being 600°C. The position of the focusing lens has a strong influence on pulsed laser deposition of the ZnO thin films and the optimum position is 59.5 cm from the target surface for optics with a focal length of 70 cm.
Kinetic study of peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of 1-hydroxypyrene. Development of a nanomolar hydrogen peroxide detection system
Authors: Ivanec-Goranina Rūta , Kulys Juozas 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
Kinetics of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-HP) oxidation catalyzed with recombinant Coprinus cinereus (rCiP) and horseradish (HRP) peroxidases was investigated with a special emphasis for developing a nanomolar hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) detection system. At pH 8.0 the bimolecular constants of 1-HP oxidation with the ferryl compounds of rCiP and HRP were equal to (1.0 ± 0.3) × 108 M−1 s−1 and (0.6 ± 0.2) × 108 M−1 s−1, respectively. High bimolecular constants and fluorescence quantum yield of 1-HP (0.66) permitted detection as low as 21 nM of H2O2. To optimize the detection system 1-HP oxidation was modeled at steady-state conditions in the range pH 5.0 to pH 8.0. The 1-HP based detection system was compared with the Amplex Red system. The peroxidase-catalyzed 1-HP oxidation system was used for determination of ozone in the air.
Calcium transport by mammary secretory cells: Mechanisms underlying transepithelial movement
Authors: Shennan David 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe secretion of calcium into milk by mammary epithelial cells is a fundamentally important process. Despite this, the mechanisms which underlie the movement of calcium across the lactating mammary gland are still poorly understood. There are, however, two models which describe the handling of calcium by mammary epithelial cells. On the one hand, a model which has existed for several decades, suggests that the vast majority of calcium enters milk via the Golgi secretory vesicle route. On the other hand, a new model has recently been proposed which implies that the active transport of calcium across the apical membrane of mammary secretory cells is central to milk calcium secretion. This short review examines the strengths and weaknesses of both models and suggests some experiments which could add to our understanding of mammary calcium transport.
Statistical properties of the dichotomous noise generated in biochemical processes
Authors: Kurzyński Michał 
Published: May 2008

AbstractDichotomous noise detected with the help of various single-molecule techniques convincingly reveals the actual occurrence of a multitude of conformational substates composing the native state of proteins. The nature of the stochastic dynamics of transitions between these substates is determined by the particular statistical properties of the noise observed. These involve nonexponential and possibly oscillatory time decay of the second order autocorrelation function, its relation to the third order autocorrelation function, and a relationship to dwell-time distribution densities and their correlations. Processes gated by specific conformational substates are distinguished from those with fluctuating barriers. This study throws light on the intriguing matter of the possibility of multiple stepping of the myosin motor along the actin filament per ATP molecule hydrolyzed.
Kings and serfs in oriented graphs
Authors: Pirzada S. , Shah N. 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
In this paper, we extend the concept of kings and serfs in tournaments to that of weak kings and weak serfs in oriented graphs. We obtain various results on the existence of weak kings (weak serfs) in oriented graphs, and show the existence of n-oriented graphs containing exactly k weak kings (weak serfs), 1 ≤ k ≤ n. Also, we give the existence of n-oriented graphs containing exactly k weak kings and exactly s weak serfs such that b weak kings from k are also weak serfs.
Generalized difference sequence spaces on seminormed space defined by Orlicz functions
Authors: Tripathy Binod , Altin Yavuz , Et Mikail 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
In this paper we define the sequence space ℓM (Δm, p, q, s) on a seminormed complex linear space by using an Orlicz function. We study its different algebraic and topological properties like solidness, symmetricity, monotonicity, convergence free etc. We prove some inclusion relations involving ℓM (Δm, p, q, s).
Adolescent aggression and social cognition in the context of personality: impulsivity as a moderator of predictions from social information processing
Authors: Fite Jennifer E. , Goodnight Jackson A. , Bates John E. , Dodge Kenneth A. , Pettit Gregory S. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis study asked how individual differences in social cognition and personality interact in predicting later aggressive behavior. It was hypothesized that the relationship between immediate response evaluations in social information processing (SIP) and later aggressive behavior would be moderated by impulsivity. In particular, the immediate positive evaluations of aggressive responses would be more strongly related to later aggressive behavior for high‐impulsive than for low‐impulsive individuals, because high‐impulsive children would be less likely to integrate peripheral information and consider long‐term future consequences of their actions. Participants were 585 adolescents (52% male) and their mothers and teachers from the longitudinal Child Development Project. Structural equation modeling indicated that teacher‐reported impulsivity at ages 11–13 moderated the association between adolescents' endorsement of aggressive responses in hypothetical, ambiguous situations and subsequent mother‐reported aggressive behavior. Specifically, positive endorsement of aggressive responses at age 13 was significantly related to later aggressive behavior (age 14–17) for participants with high and medium levels of impulsivity, but this association was not significant for participants with low levels of impulsivity. This study provides evidence of personality variables as potential moderators of the link between SIP and behavior. Aggr. Behav. 34:511–520, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection of occult lung impairment in welders by induced sputum particles and breath oxidation
Authors: Fireman Elizabeth , Lerman Yehuda , Stark Moshe , Schwartz Yehuda , Ganor Eliezer , Grinberg Nili , Frimer Ron , Landau Dan Avi , Zilberberg Michal , Barenboim Erez , Jacovovitz Reuben 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBackgroundWe evaluated particulate matter in combined induced sputum (IS) and oxidation in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) to test whether underlying inflammatory changes are present in asymptomatic welders.MethodsThirty welders from the Israel Defense Forces exposed to aluminum/iron (Group 1) or to cadmium/chromium/iron/lead/nickel (Group 2, N = 16) and 27 non‐exposed administrators were studied. IS was recovered, particle size distribution, hydrogen peroxide and pH were measured, and exhaled breath condensate was collected.ResultsGroup 2 had a higher % neutrophils than all other participants (P = 0.0001) and a higher % particles >2 µm in diameter (P = 0.0017). Percent particles and years of exposure highly correlated (P = 0.051). All welders EBC samples had higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide than controls (P = 0.0001). pH was lower only for Group 2 (P = 0.0001).ConclusionsCombined IS and EBC measurements detect underlying inflammation in airways of asymptomatic welders. It emerged that airway inflammation is present in asymptomatic welders, and that the particle burden, inflammatory cells, and level of oxidative stress are a function of the type and the duration of welding. Am. J. Ind. Med. 51:503–511, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dust content of lungs and its relationships to pathology, radiology and occupational exposure in Ontario hardrock miners
Authors: Verma Dave K. , Ritchie Alec C. , Muir David C.F. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBackgroundAutopsied lungs from 29 hard rock miners were investigated to determine the relationship of the dust content to pathology, radiology, and occupational exposure.MethodsEach lung was divided horizontally into three sections. Pathological and radiological studies and chemical analyses were carried out on samples from each section. The hilar lymph nodes were also studied chemically. The work history and smoking history were assessed. The occupational exposure to silica and total dust were estimated. The effect of smoking was examined, and the relationship between dust content of the lungs to that of the lymph nodes were also investigated.ResultsThere was a good agreement between radiologic and pathologic findings. Positive correlations were seen between hydroxyproline (as an index of fibrosis), silica dust, non‐silica inorganic dust, radiographic category of pneumoconiosis and pathologic grade of silicosis. Smokers lost on average 7 years of life compared to non‐smokers, but numbers were small and no adjustment was made. Silica appeared to be concentrated in lungs and lymph nodes compared to the estimates of silica concentration in the mining environment. Silica in the lymph nodes on average is 2.4‐fold higher than in the lungs.ConclusionsThis study of autopsied hard rock miners lungs shows positive relationships between lung dust and hydroxyproline content, radiological and pathological findings. Am. J. Ind. Med. 51:524–531, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.