bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anaerobic storage of red blood cells in a novel additive solution improves in vivo recovery
Authors: Dumont Larry J. , Yoshida Tatsuro , AuBuchon James P. 
Published: January 2009

BACKGROUND: In preliminary studies, anaerobic red blood cell (RBC) storage reduced oxidative damage and phosphatidylserine exposure while maintaining adenosine triphosphate levels. The purpose of this study was to compare the 24‐hour recovery and life span of autologous RBCs stored 6 and 9 weeks using OFAS3 additive solution in an anaerobic environment, compared to control RBCs aerobically stored in AS‐3 for 6 weeks.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Eight subjects were entered into a randomized, crossover study. Whole blood was collected from each subject twice separated by 12 weeks or more into CP2D and leukoreduced. Controls were stored in AS‐3. Test units in OFAS3 were oxygen depleted with argon then stored 9 weeks in an anaerobic chamber at 1 to 6°C. At the end of each storage period, RBCs were labeled with 51Cr and 99mTc and reinfused to the subject following standard methods to determine double‐label recovery and life span. Hypotheses tests were conducted using paired, repeated‐measures analysis of variance.RESULTS: Recovery for the anaerobically stored test RBC was significantly better than control at 6 weeks (p = 0.023). Test units at 9 weeks were not different than the 6‐week control units (p = 0.73). Other in vitro measures of RBC characteristics followed the same trend. Two test units at 9 weeks had hemolysis of greater than 1 percent.CONCLUSION: Anaerobically stored RBCs in OFAS3 have superior recovery at 6 weeks compared to the controls and equivalent recovery at 9 weeks with no change in life span. Anaerobic storage of RBCs may provide improved RBCs for transfusion at 6 weeks of storage and may enable extending storage beyond the current 42‐day limit.
Evaluation of in vitro storage properties of prestorage pooled whole blood–derived platelets suspended in 100 percent plasma and treated with amotosalen and long‐wavelength ultraviolet light
Authors: Wagner Stephen J. , Skripchenko Andrey , Myrup Andrew , Awatefe Helen , Thompson‐Montgomery Dedeene , Moroff Gary , Carmichael Patrick , Lin Lily 
Published: January 2009

BACKGROUND: Amotosalen, a psoralen, has been utilized for photochemical treatment (PCT) of apheresis platelets (PLTs) and pooled buffy coat PLTs suspended in additive solution. In the United States, the source of many PLT transfusions is from whole blood–derived PLTs prepared by the PLT‐rich plasma (PRP) method. This study investigated the in vitro PLT properties of amotosalen‐PCT of leukoreduced pools of PLTs prepared by the PRP method and suspended in 100 percent plasma.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: On Day 1 of storage, 12 leukoreduced (n = 6) or 10 leukoreplete (n = 6) ABO‐identical PLT concentrates were pooled, separated into two pools of 6 or 5 units, respectively, and leukoreduced (leukoreplete pools only). Each pool of 5 or 6 units was then photochemically treated (designated “test”: amotosalen plus 3.0 J/cm2 long‐wavelength ultraviolet light followed by amotosalen/photoproduct removal) while the remaining identical pool (designated “control”) was untreated. PLT in vitro assays were performed on test and control pools during 7‐day storage.RESULTS: PCT resulted in slightly reduced pH in test pools compared to that of matched control pools after 5 days of storage (5‐unit pools: test, 6.96 ± 0.12 vs. control, 7.15 ± 0.09, p = 0.0033; 6‐unit pools: test, 6.90 ± 0.10 vs. control, 7.07 ± 0.09, p < 0.0001). Test pools adequately maintained many other in vitro properties including PLT morphology, hypotonic shock response, and extent of shape change parameters during 5‐day storage, which, like pH, also differed from those of controls. The pH of test and control pools declined on Day 7, with 1 of 6 test pools (either 5 or 6 units) having a pH value of less than 6.20, while all control pools had pH values of more than 6.66.CONCLUSION: PCT of leukoreduced PLT pools of whole blood–derived PLTs in 100 percent plasma maintained adequate PLT in vitro variables through 5 days of storage.
Current value of serologic test for syphilis as a surrogate marker for blood‐borne viral infections among blood donors in the United States
Authors: Zou Shimian , Notari Edward P. , Fang Chyang T. , Stramer Susan L. , Dodd Roger Y. 
Published: January 2009

BACKGROUND: Serologic screening for syphilis has been justified in part as a surrogate marker for infections caused by other pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This study assessed the current surrogate value of the test.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Testing results for blood donors with the American Red Cross Blood Services between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2007, were analyzed. All donations were tested according to standard procedures for markers of HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human T‐lymphotropic virus (HTLV), syphilis, and other infections. The frequency of window‐period (w‐p) infections interdicted by syphilis testing was estimated.RESULTS: There were significantly higher frequencies of HIV, HCV, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and HTLV confirmed‐positive donations among those with positive syphilis test results, although the sensitivity of syphilis test positivity in these groups was low. Among more than 3 million repeat donors with complete testing through reactive donation confirmation for both syphilis and HIV (anti‐HIV and HIV RNA), 225 seroconverted for syphilis but not for anti‐HIV or HIV RNA and 83 converted for HIV (anti‐HIV or HIV RNA) but not for syphilis, with only 1 who converted for both syphilis and HIV, resulting in an incidence ratio of 150 (95% confidence interval, 21‐1080) and a sensitivity of 1.2 percent. No syphilis seroconverters converted for HCV, HBsAg, or anti‐HTLV.CONCLUSION: Syphilis testing presents no surrogate value for incident HCV, HBV, and HTLV infections and could only remove approximately 1 HIV w‐p unit of every 148 million donations.
Impact of ABO mismatching on the outcomes of allogeneic related and unrelated blood and marrow stem cell transplantations for hematologic malignancies: IPD‐based meta‐analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Kanda Junya , Ichinohe Tatsuo , Matsuo Keitaro , Benjamin Richard J. , Klumpp Thomas R. , Rozman Primoz , Blumberg Neil , Mehta Jayesh , Sohn Sang‐Kyun , Uchiyama Takashi 
Published: January 2009

BACKGROUND: The impact of donor‐recipient ABO matching on outcomes after allogeneic stem cell transplantation has been a matter of controversy.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Individual patient data–based meta‐analysis was conducted with a pooled data set provided through six published and one unpublished cohorts. Outcomes in recipients of peripheral blood or bone marrow transplantation for hematologic malignancies were evaluated. A multivariate Cox model was used to adjust differences in outcomes of patients receiving ABO‐matched grafts with those receiving major, minor, or bidirectional mismatched grafts. Considering multiple testing, p values of less than 0.05 and 0.001 were considered significant for the primary and secondary endpoints, respectively.RESULTS: In all, 1208 cases, including 697 ABO‐matched and 202 major, 228 minor, and 81 bidirectional mismatched transplants, were analyzed. Overall, adverse impact of ABO matching on overall survival (OS), as a primary endpoint, was not observed (adjusted hazard ratios [95% confidence intervals]: major, 1.03 [0.82‐1.30], p = 0.81; minor, 1.19 [0.97‐1.47], p = 0.10; bidirectional, 1.25 [0.91‐1.72], p = 0.17). Among related stem cell recipients, ABO matching had no significant influence on OS, while the minor and bidirectional mismatched groups among unrelated stem cell recipients exhibited lower OS with marginal significance, especially in patients with acute leukemia, patients who received transplants after 1998, and patients who underwent transplants at Asian centers.CONCLUSIONS: Our meta‐analysis demonstrates no adverse association between any ABO mismatching and survival. However, marginally lower OS found in recipients of minor or bidirectional mismatched grafts from unrelated donors suggested the need for larger studies focusing on unrelated transplants.
Detection of blood group genes using multiplex SNaPshot method
Authors: Palacajornsuk Poonsub , Halter Christine , Isakova Victoria , Tarnawski Michal , Farmar James , Reid Marion E. , Chaudhuri Asok 
Published: January 2009

BACKGROUND: The determination of blood group antigens in patients and donors is of primary importance in transfusion medicine. Blood group antigens are inherited and are polymorphic in nature. The majority of polymorphic blood group antigens arise from single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the blood group genes. Many DNA‐based assays, such as species‐specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism, and microchips, have been described to study variant blood group genes. In this study, the SNaPshot (Applied Biosystems) method was adapted to detect SNPs in 10 common blood group systems.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: DNA regions of interest were amplified in multiplex PCR and annealed to specific oligonucleotide probe primers of different lengths. AmpliTaq DNA polymerase extended the primers by adding only a single fluorescent ddNTP to its 3′ end and was detected by differential mobility in capillary electrophoresis in a genetic analyzer. Results were analyzed using computer software in SNaPshot default analysis method.RESULTS: Seventeen SNP sites in 29 blood samples, previously phenotyped and/or genotyped, were used to test the accuracy and reproducibility of multiplex SNaPshot assays. The results were compared with the previously analyzed types. SNaPshot analyses predicted the 17 SNP sites accurately for all the 29 blood samples. Both homozygous and heterozygous blood groups were detected with equal confidence.CONCLUSION: Blood group detection by SNaPshot method is a practical alternative to antibody‐dependent phenotype prediction. Starting with DNA, this method is fast with a turnaround time of 24 hours with mean reagent cost around $2 per SNP detected.
Blood donors with positive direct antiglobulin tests are at increased risk for cancer
Authors: Rottenberg Yakir , Yahalom Vered , Shinar Eilat , Barchana Micha , Adler Bella , Paltiel Ora 
Published: January 2009

BACKGROUND: Positive direct antiglobulin tests (DATs) have been associated with both autoimmunity and lymphoproliferative disorders. However, it is unknown whether DAT+ in healthy blood donors is associated with an increased risk of malignancies.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In the current study, all blood donors with DAT+ samples were identified during the years 1999 through 2003 through the Magen David Adom National Blood Services in Israel. This study compared the risk of cancer among 586 DAT+ and 2344 DAT− donors who were matched according to sex, age, and year of donation. The risk of cancer in DAT+ donors was also compared to expected rates in the general Israeli population. Cancer was ascertained through the Israel Cancer Registry.RESULTS: Malignancies occurred among 17 (2.9%) of the DAT+ and 27 (1.2%) of the DAT− blood donors; of these, 3 donors in the DAT+ group were diagnosed with hematopoietic malignancies within 12 months of their donation. Even after excluding these early cases, the relative risk of developing cancer was 2.14 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13‐4.10) comparing DAT+ with DAT− donors, while the relative risk for hematopoietic cancer was 8.3 (95% CI, 1.5‐43.2). Comparing DAT+ blood donors with the general population, the standardized incidence ratios (observed/expected cases) were elevated at 2.11 (95% CI, 1.15‐3.54; p = 0.16) for all malignancies and 8.03 (95% CI, 2.2‐20.6; p = 0.003) for hematologic malignancies.CONCLUSION: There is evidence of a significantly increased risk of cancer, especially hematologic malignancies, among blood donors with a positive DAT even within a short follow‐up period.
Deferred donor care in a regional hospital blood center in Ghana
Authors: Allain Jean‐Pierre , Opare‐Sem Ohene , Sarkodie Francis , Rahman Rabiatu , Owusu‐Ofori Shirley 
Published: January 2009

BACKGROUND: In sub‐Saharan Africa, the viral marker burden in blood donor populations ranges between 10 and 30 percent. Deferred donors constitute a rare population of asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐ and hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐infected individuals with high likelihood of long survival if cared for. Deferred donor care provides an opportunity for a public health impact on highly pathogenic infections.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Between 2004 and 2007, all candidate donors deferred before donation for reactivity of anti‐HIV, hepatitis C virus antibody (anti‐HCV), and hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) rapid tests were informed and referred to a donor care program consisting of test confirmation, information, counseling, and potential referral for follow‐up and therapy. Dedicated trained nurses supervised the program including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level testing to identify liver disease.RESULTS: In a 4‐year period 51,100 donors were screened and 5778, 1578, and 227 candidate donors were deferred for reactivity to HBV, HIV, or HCV serologic markers, respectively. The rates of entry into the donor care program were 48, 14.3, and 22 percent of deferred donors, respectively. A total of 83 of 210 HBsAg‐positive donors with elevated ALT levels were referred and 66 received antiviral treatment. A total of 89 of 516 confirmed anti‐HIV–positive donors were referred to the hospital acquired immune deficiency syndrome clinic for follow‐up.CONCLUSIONS: With little additional expense, the deferred donor care program identified asymptomatic infections with high odds of benefiting from monitoring and therapy. In the local circumstances, this public health–limited but definite impact was permitted by the rapid‐test predonation screening, and this impact could be increased if more resources were available.
Social support attenuates presyncopal reactions to blood donation
Authors: Hanson Sarah A. , France Christopher R. 
Published: January 2009

BACKGROUND: The experience of unpleasant blood donation reactions (e.g., dizziness, nausea, and fainting) has been linked to negative attitudes about donation and decreased likelihood of repeat donation. Consequently, interventions to reduce the adverse effects of blood donation are important and likely to increase donor retention. Based on laboratory studies suggesting that social support attenuates both physical and psychological responses to stress, the present study hypothesized that the presence of a supportive person during the donation process may help reduce reactions.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A final sample of 65 men and women with fewer than three prior donations was randomly assigned to either donate blood as usual or donate with a supportive research assistant. Donors in the support condition were accompanied throughout the donation process by a female research assistant who provided encouragement, made reassuring remarks, and engaged in small talk. Donors in both conditions completed a series of questions to assess anxiety, experience of prefaint reactions, and willingness to provide a future donation.RESULTS: Compared to standard donation controls, donors in the social support condition reported fewer prefaint reactions (F(1,61) = 9.15, p = 0.004, η2= 0.13) and greater likelihood of donating again within the next year (Z =−1.70, p < 0.05, one‐tailed).CONCLUSION: Relatively novice donors report reduced reactions to blood donation when accompanied by a supportive individual, suggesting that social support may be a simple strategy to enhance the donation experience and possibly increase donor retention.
More than a third of non‐gastric malt lymphomas are disseminated at diagnosis: a single center survey
Authors: Sretenovic Mirjana , Colovic Milica , Jankovic Gradimir , Suvajdzic Nada , Mihaljevic Biljana , Colovic Natasa , Todorovic Milena , Atkinson Henry Dushan E. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractMucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas are extranodal B‐cell tumors that generally follow an indolent course. The gastrointestinal tract is the most common site of MALT lymphoma, comprising 50% of all cases. The tissue lesions are often localized, have high therapeutic response rates with late relapses with a long overall survival (OS). The patients with non‐gastric lesions may follow a different clinical course and many of them present with disseminated disease. This study reports a series of 51 patients with non‐gastric MALT lymphoma. Twenty patients (39.2%) presented with disseminated disease, seven (13.7%) patients had two MALT mucosal sites involved and eight (15.7%) had involvement of three or more mucosal sites. At presentation, 17 (33.3%) patients had the lymph node and 12 (23.5%) the bone marrow involvement. Following various combinations of treatment, complete remission was achieved in 40 (81.6%), and partial remission in three of the 49 treated patients with no difference in response rates between different disease stages. Relapse occurred in 12/43 (27.9%) patients among whom eight (18.6%) recurred in the presenting organ system. Five patients (9.8%) died because of a rapid disease progression after a median follow‐up of 56 months; two patients with primary lung lesions, 1 patient with secondary intestinal disease, and 2 patients suffered transformation to diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma. No significant difference in survival was found between localized and disseminated disease (log rank 0.05, df = 1, P = 0.81). A patient age ≥ 60 yr at diagnosis and presentation with the nodal disease were found to be statistically significant negative prognostic factors (P < 0.05). Median OS was not reached after 145 months of follow‐up, with the estimated OS being 88% at 2 yr, and 78% at 5 yr.
Cardiac related death in thalassaemia major: time trend and risk factors in a large Greek Unit
Authors: Chouliaras Giorgos , Yiannoutsos Constantin T. , Berdoukas Vasilios , Ladis Vassilios 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBackground:  Cardiac complications are the leading cause of death in thalassaemic patients (TM) worldwide. Improved management protocols including new chelators and imaging have reduced cardiac‐related deaths but also require more advanced analytical methods to reflect temporal fluctuations in mortality risk.Objectives:  To evaluate time patterns of risk of cardiac death in TM patients according to birth cohort, gender and degree of haemosiderosis and to apply new flexible methods of analysis that may allow assessment of trends in risks as affected by innovations in management.Design and methods:  Cardiac‐free survival and time trend of the risk of cardiac‐related death were assessed in 648 transfusion‐depended thalassaemic patients (48.3% females) managed in a single unit located in Athens, Greece. Patients were classified according to birth cohort (prior or after 1/1/1975) and according to the severity of haemosiderosis (mild, moderate and severe) as estimated by the mean ferritin levels during the last 5 yr of follow‐up.Results:  The median time of observation was 27.8 yr and 84 cardiac deaths were recorded. A parametric analysis predicted a non‐monotonous time pattern for the cardiac risk with an initial increasing phase until the fourth decade of life followed by a drop off in deaths. Women have 23% longer life expectancy than men (P = 0.010) while patients born after 1975 die of heart complications at an older age compared to those born prior to 1975 (time ratio = 1.34, P = 0.003). Patients with mild and moderate haemosiderosis lived 89% (P < 0.001) and 43% (P < 0.001) longer, respectively, compared with patients with severe haemosiderosis.Conclusions:  These results on risk of death in thalassaemia, accord with expectations. This type of analysis will be useful in the future when the expected impact of cardiac MRI with appropriate tailoring of chelation therapy using all current and future options will modify the pattern of risk of cardiac death observed to date.
Bcl‐2 but not FOXP1, is an adverse risk factor in immunochemotherapy‐treated non‐germinal center diffuse large B‐cell lymphomas
Authors: Nyman Heidi , Jerkeman Mats , Karjalainen‐Lindsberg Marja‐Liisa , Banham Alison H. , Enblad Gunilla , Leppä Sirpa 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectives:  Non‐germinal center (non‐GC) phenotype, high level expression of the transcription factor forkhead box protein P1 (FOXP1) and anti‐apoptotic protein Bcl‐2 have been identified as unfavorable prognostic factors for diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients treated with chemotherapy. Our aim was to re‐evaluate the prognostic impact of these biologic factors on the survival of the patients treated with immunochemotherapy.Methods:  Expression of Bcl‐2 and FOXP1, and cell of origin based on the Hans algorithm were determined immunohistochemically from samples of 117 de novo DLBCL patients treated with R‐CHOP and R‐CHOEP regimens, and correlated with clinical data.Results:  Consistent with our previous studies, no significant difference in 2‐yr survival rates between the GC‐ and non‐GC phenotypes was found. Both FOXP1 and Bcl‐2 expression were associated with the non‐GC phenotype. For all patients, no prognostic impact of FOXP1 positivity on survival was observed. However, Bcl‐2 negative patients had a better survival as compared to Bcl‐2 positive patients [failure free survival (FFS) 97% vs. 71%, P = 0.001 and overall survival (OS) 97% vs. 82%, P = 0.034]. When Bcl‐2 related survival was analyzed in the GC‐ and non‐GC subgroups, a significant prognostic effect of Bcl‐2 on FFS was seen only in the non‐GC group of patients (positive 65% vs. negative 100%, P = 0.011). A trend for the difference in OS was also observed (positive 84% vs. negative 100%, P = 0.082).Conclusions:  The data demonstrate that expression of Bcl‐2 and FOXP1 is associated with the non‐GC phenotype, but only Bcl‐2 expression continues to be of prognostic significance in DLBCL patients treated with immunochemotherapy.
Enamel defects and salivary methylmalonate in methylmalonic acidemia
Authors: Bassim CW , Wright JT , Guadagnini JP , Muralidharan R , Sloan J , Domingo DL , Venditti CP , Hart TC 
Published: January 2009

Introduction and objective:  To characterize enamel defects in patients with methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) and cobalamin (cbl) metabolic disorders and to examine salivary methylmalonate levels in MMA.Subjects and methods:  Teeth from patients (n = 32) were evaluated for enamel defects and compared with age‐ and gender‐matched controls (n = 55). Complementation class (mut, cblA, cblB and cblC) and serum methylmalonate levels were examined. Primary teeth from two patients were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy and salivary methylmalonate levels from two patients were analyzed.Results:  Enamel defects were significantly more prevalent per tooth in the affected group than the control group, across complementation types (P < 0.0001). The mut MMA subgroup had a significantly higher prevalence per individual of severe enamel defects than controls (P = 0.021), and those with enamel defects exhibited higher serum methylmalonate levels than those without (P = 0.017). Salivary methylmalonate levels were extremely elevated and were significantly higher than controls (P = 0.002). Primary teeth were free of enamel defects except for two cblC patients who exhibited severe enamel hypoplasia. One primary tooth from a cblC patient manifested markedly altered crystal microstructure.Conclusion:  Enamel anomalies represent a phenotypic manifestation of MMA and cbl metabolic disorders. These findings suggest an association between enamel developmental pathology and disordered metabolism.