bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduction of ion mobility spectrometry data by clustering characteristic peak structures
Authors: Bader Sabine , Urfer Wolfgang , Baumbach Jörg Ingo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSpectrometric methods generate a large amount of data that are difficult to process due to high dimensionality and considerable variability. Therefore, a method for the detection of characteristic peak structures was established on the base of clustering techniques and a merging regions algorithm that enabled the reduction of data in the size of one million to about one hundred meaningful values with respect to fluctuating axis allocations. The effectiveness of the method was exemplified considering a set of ion mobility spectrometry measurements of human breath. In questions of comparative nature, the reduction even could be upgraded by multiple test procedures. Afterwards statistical analyses could be arranged easily for various targets. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Value of ST‐segment depression in lead V4R in predicting proximal against distal left circumflex artery occlusion in acute inferoposterior myocardial infarction
Authors: Jim Man‐Hong , Ho Hee‐Hwa , Siu Chung‐Wah , Miu Raymond , Chan Carmen Wing‐Sze , Lee Stephen Wai‐Luen , Lau Chu‐Pak 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackgroundLead V4R faces the right ventricular free wall; it also reflects ischemia in the posterolateral wall lying opposite and manifests as ST‐segment depression.HypothesisThe aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of V4R ST‐segment depression in distinguishing proximal from distal left circumflex artery occlusion in acute inferoposterior wall myocardial infarction.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 239 patients who had first acute inferoposterior myocardial infarction, were admitted within 6 h from onset of symptom, and had coronary angiography performed within 4 weeks. Patients who had bundle‐branch block or concomitant significant stenoses in the proximal and distal segments of the same vessel or of both vessels were excluded. The electrocardiographic and angiographic findings were reviewed by two independent groups of investigators.ResultsV4R ST‐segment depression ≥1.0 mm was found in 8 of 46 patients (17.4%) with left circumflex artery occlusion but none (0%) with right coronary artery occlusion. Among the group with left circumflex artery occlusion, the mean magnitude of V4R ST‐segment depression was greater in proximal than distal occlusion (0.82 ± 0.65 vs. 0.03 ± 0.12 mm, p < 0.0001). V4RST‐segment depression ≥1.0 mm was found in 8 of 14 patients (57.1%) with proximal occlusion but none (0%) in 32 patients with distal occlusion. The sensitivity and specificity to predict proximal occlusion were 57.1 and 100%, respectively.ConclusionsV4R ST‐segment depression ≥1.0 mm was not useful for differentiating left circumflex and right coronary artery occlusion because of its low sensitivity. It is a fairly sensitive and very specific sign of proximal left circumflex artery occlusion. Copyright © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Markers of angiogenesis and clinical features in patients with sarcoma
Authors: DuBois Steven , Demetri George 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe growth and dissemination of sarcomas depends on angiogenesis. A number of measurable markers related to tumor angiogenesis have been studied in patients with sarcoma.The available literature related to markers of angiogenesis and clinical features in patients with sarcoma was reviewed. Clinical features of interest included tumor size, tumor grade, tumor stage, presence of metastatic disease, and prognosis. In patients with soft‐tissue sarcomas, tumor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression correlates with stage, grade, and prognosis. Circulating VEGF levels also correlate with tumor grade. High circulating angiopoietin‐2 levels are associated with increased tumor size in soft‐tissue sarcoma. For patients with osteosarcoma, tumor VEGF expression correlates with outcome. Elevated tumor and circulating VEGF levels are associated with the development of lung metastases in osteosarcoma. Patients with Ewing sarcoma have increased circulating VEGF levels compared with controls. Angiogenesis markers correlate with important clinical features in patients with sarcomas ranging from soft‐tissue sarcomas to bone sarcomas. Markers of angiogenesis may serve an important role in predicting a particular patient's clinical course and in identifying patients for possible antiangiogenic therapy. Cancer 2007 © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Effects of α‐tocopherol and β‐carotene supplementation on upper aerodigestive tract cancers in a large, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wright Margaret E. , Virtamo Jarmo , Hartman Anne M. , Pietinen Pirjo , Edwards Brenda K. , Taylor Philip R. , Huttunen Jussi K. , Albanes Demetrius 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Although smoking and alcohol consumption are the major risk factors for upper aerodigestive tract cancers, observational studies indicate a protective role for fruits, vegetables, and antioxidant nutrients.METHODS.The authors examined whether daily supplementation with 50 mg dl α‐tocopheryl acetate and/or 20 mg β‐carotene reduced the incidence of or mortality from oral/pharyngeal, esophageal, and laryngeal cancers in the Alpha‐Tocopherol, Beta‐Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) study, a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled primary prevention trial conducted in southwestern Finland. A total of 29,133 male smokers, aged 50–69 years and free of cancer at baseline, were randomized in a 2 × 2 factorial design to the supplementation regimen for 5–8 years (median, 6.1 years). Incident cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx (n = 65), esophagus (n = 24), and larynx (n = 56) were identified through the Finnish Cancer Registry. Intervention effects were assessed using survival analysis and proportional hazards models.RESULTS.There was no effect of either agent on the overall incidence of any upper aerodigestive tract cancer. For larynx, however, exploratory subgroup analyses were suggestive of a protective effect of β‐carotene supplementation on the incidence of early stage malignancies (stage I, relative risk [RR], 0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.10–0.75). Neither agent affected mortality from these neoplasms.CONCLUSIONS.The results do not provide support for a protective effect of vitamin E or β‐carotene supplementation on upper aerodigestive tract cancers, although β‐carotene supplementation may impact the incidence of some subtypes of laryngeal tumors. Cancer 2007 © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Cover Picture: Synthesis of Alaninyl and N‐(2‐Aminoethyl)glycinyl Amino Acid Derivatives Containing the Green Fluorescent Protein Chromophore in Their Side Chains for Incorporation into Peptides and Peptide Nucleic Acids (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 6/2007)
Authors: Stafforst Thorsten , Diederichsen Ulf 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cover picture shows a chromophore of the Green Fluorescent Protein, which undergoes fast internal conversion by rotation causing the quenching of its fluorescence in solution. In contrast, the intact protein shows a high fluorescence quantum yield and there is still a need to understand the mechanism of this increase in fluorescence. The restriction of the chromophore's flexibility by simple κ‐stacking was achieved by incorporation of the chromophore into N‐(2‐aminoethyl)glycine‐peptide nucleic acid and by pairing with complementary DNA. Interestingly, fluorescence appeared upon pairing with DNA, even though the fluorescence quantum yield is far below that of the natural counterpart. Details are discussed in the article by T. Stafforst and U. Diederichsen on p. 899 ff.
Simultaneous Determination of Adenosine and Adenosine‐5′‐triphosphate at Nanogold Modified Indium Tin Oxide Electrode by Osteryoung Square‐Wave Voltammetry
Authors: Goyal Rajendra N. , Oyama Munetaka , Singh Sudhanshu P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSimultaneous determination of adenosine and adenosine‐5′‐triphosphate has been described using nanogold modified indium tin oxide electrode. Gold nanoparticles catalyze adenosine oxidation which results in increasing separation of oxidation peaks of adenosine and ATP, making it possible to determine adenosine and adenosine‐5′‐triphosphate simultaneously. The detection limits for adenosine and ATP were found as 0.07 μM and 0.10 μM respectively with sensitivity 22.9 nA μM−1 and 20.9 nA μM−1. The proposed method was also used for sensing the compounds in biological samples. Influence of various square‐wave parameters and different pH conditions on peak current has also been reported.
Retention factor and retention index of homologous series compounds in microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography employing suppressed electroosmosis
Authors: Poouthree Kieatsuda , Leepipatpiboon Natchanun , Petsom Amorn , Nhujak Thumnoon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe retention factor (k) and retention index (I) of homologous series compounds such as alkylbenzenes (BZ), alkylaryl ketones, alkylbenzoates, and alkylparabens in microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography (MEEKC) with suppressed electroosmosis were investigated in a wide range of SDS concentrations ([SDS]), temperatures, and concentrations of organic cosolvents (φ). Using BZ as standards, the retention indices of other homologous series compounds were determined and they were found to be independent of [SDS] and temperature, while are dependent on the types and concentrations of organic cosolvents. The retention factor linearly increases with increasing [SDS], while linearly decreases with increasing temperature. The value of log k linearly decreases with increasing φ for methanol, ethanol, or ACN, while decreases by a second‐degree polynomial with increasing φ for 2‐propanol. Excellent agreement was found between the observed and predicted values of log k of analytes in MEEKC at given [SDS] and φ, where the predicted values were obtained from modified equations of the linear relationship of log k as functions of [SDS], the number of carbons, and φ. Therefore, both k and I can be used for peak identification of homologous series compounds.
Cognitive functioning in elderly patients with early onset bipolar disorder
Authors: Schouws S. N. T. M. , Zoeteman J. B. , Comijs H. C. , Stek M. L. , Beekman A. T. F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackgroundVery little is known about the long term cognitive sequelae of bipolar disorder.AimTo investigate neuropsychological functioning in older euthymic persons with early onset bipolar disorder.MethodFifteen older patients (age >60) with an early onset (<50 years) bipolar‐I disorder in a euthymic mood were tested using a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery. Neuropsychological functioning was compared with that of a sex, age and education‐matched group of 15 comparison subjects without mood disorders or memory complaints.ResultsBipolar subjects scored lower than comparison subjects on selective attention, verbal memory, verbal fluency and mental effort tests.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that euthymic bipolar patients are impaired across a range of cognitive domains. This could represent a trait‐like cognitive disability related to the disease, as the impairments are comparable with those found in younger bipolar patients. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Infusion of neuropeptide Y into CA3 region of hippocampus produces antidepressant‐like effect via Y1 receptor
Authors: Ishida Hisahito , Shirayama Yukihiko , Iwata Masaaki , Katayama Seiji , Yamamoto Ayaka , Kawahara Ryuzou , Nakagome Kazuyuki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA couple of papers indicate that patients with depression show a decrease in serum neuropeptide Y (NPY). To study the role of NPY in depression, we examined the effects of infusion of NPY into the hippocampus of learned helplessness (LH) rats (an animal model of depression). Infusion of NPY into the cerebral ventricle of LH rats showed antidepressant‐like effects. Infusion of NPY into the CA3 region, but not the dentate gyrus (DG), produced antidepressant‐like effects in the LH paradigm. Infusion of NPY did not affect locomotor activity or aversive learning ability. Coadministration of BIBO3304 (a Y1 receptor antagonist) with NPY to the CA3 region blocked the antidepressant‐like effects of NPY, whereas coadministration of NPY with BIIE0246 (a Y2 receptor antagonist) to the CA3 region failed to block antidepressant‐like effects. Furthermore, infusions of [Leu31 Pro34]PYY (a Y1 and Y5 receptor agonist) alone and BIIE0246 alone into the CA3 region produced the antidepressant‐like effects in LH rats. These results suggest that infusion of NPY into the CA3 region of hippocampus of LH rats produces antidepressant‐like activity through Y1 receptors and attenuating effects through Y2 receptors. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hydrogeochemical balance of forest umbrisol profiles (‘Sierra de Gata’, central western Spain)
Authors: Menéndez I. , Moreno G. , Gallardo J. F. , Saavedra J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree techniques for obtaining soil water solutions (gravitational and matrical waters extracted using both in situ tension lysimeters and in vitro pressure chambers) and their later chemical analysis were performed in order to know the evolution of the soil‐solution composition when water moves down through the soil, from the Ah soil horizon to the BwC‐ or C‐horizons of forest soils located in western Spain. Additionally, ion concentrations and water volumes of input waters to soil (canopy washout) and exported waters (drainage solutions from C‐horizons) were determined to establish the net balance of solutes in order to determine the rates of leaching or retention of ions. A generalized process of sorption or retention of most components (even Cl−) was observed, from the soil surface to the C‐horizon, in both gravitational and matrical waters, with H4SiO4, Mn2+, Na+, and SO42− being the net exported components from the soil through the groundwater. These results enhance the role of the recycling effect in these forest soils. The net percentages of elements retained in these forest soils, considering the inputs and the outputs balance, were 68% K+, 85% Ca2+, 58% Mg2+, 7% Al3+, 5% Fe3+, 34% Zn2+, 57% Cl−, and 20% NO3−, and about 75% of dissolved organic carbon was mineralized. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Systems biology approaches for toxicology
Authors: Slikker William , Paule Merle G. , Wright Linnzi K. M. , Patterson Tucker A. , Wang Cheng 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSystems biology/toxicology involves the iterative and integrative study of perturbations by chemicals and other stressors of gene and protein expression that are linked firmly to toxicological outcome. In this review, the value of systems biology to enhance the understanding of complex biological processes such as neurodegeneration in the developing brain is explored. Exposure of the developing mammal to NMDA (N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate) receptor antagonists perturbs the endogenous NMDA receptor system and results in enhanced neuronal cell death. It is proposed that continuous blockade of NMDA receptors in the developing brain by NMDA antagonists such as ketamine (a dissociative anesthetic) causes a compensatory up‐regulation of NMDA receptors, which makes the neurons bearing these receptors subsequently more vulnerable (e.g. after ketamine washout), to the excitotoxic effects of endogenous glutamate: the up‐regulation of NMDA receptors allows for the accumulation of toxic levels of intracellular Ca2+ under normal physiological conditions. Systems biology, as applied to toxicology, provides a framework in which information can be arranged in the form of a biological model. In our ketamine model, for example, blockade of NMDA receptor up‐regulation by the co‐administration of antisense oligonucleotides that specifically target NMDA receptor NR1 subunit mRNA, dramatically diminishes ketamine‐induced cell death. Preliminary gene expression data support the role of apoptosis as a mode of action of ketamine‐induced neurotoxicity. In addition, ketamine‐induced cell death is also prevented by the inhibition of NF‐κB translocation into the nucleus. This process is known to respond to changes in the redox state of the cytoplasm and has been shown to respond to NMDA‐induced cellular stress. Although comprehensive gene expression/proteomic studies and mathematical modeling remain to be carried out, biological models have been established in an iterative manner to allow for the confirmation of biological pathways underlying NMDA antagonist‐induced cell death in the developing nonhuman primate and rodent. Published in 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Immune cells as anti‐cancer therapeutic targets and tools
Authors: Johansson Magnus , Tan Tingting , de Visser Karin E. , Coussens Lisa M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChronic inflammation is a contributing factor to overall cancer risk as well as cancer promotion and progression; however, pathways regulating onset of cancer‐promoting inflammatory responses are still poorly understood. Clinical data suggest that deficient anti‐tumor cell‐mediated immunity, in combination with enhanced pro‐tumor humoral and/or innate immunity (inflammation), are significant factors influencing malignant outcome. Here, we discuss therapeutic implications from clinical data and experimental studies using de novo immune‐competent mouse models of cancer development that together are revealing molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying interactions between immune cells and evolving neoplastic cells that regulate cancer outcome. Understanding the functionally significant links between adaptive and innate immunity that regulate cancer development will open new therapeutic opportunities to manipulate aspects of immunobiology and minimize lethal effects of cancer development. J. Cell. Biochem. 101: 918–926, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Peroxiredoxin I and II inhibit H2O2‐induced cell death in MCF‐7 cell lines
Authors: Bae Ji‐Yeon , Ahn Soo‐Jung , Han Wonshik , Noh Dong‐Young 
Published: February 2007

AbstractApoptosis is known to be induced by direct oxidative damage due to oxygen‐free radicals or hydrogen peroxide or by their generation in cells by the actions of injurious agents. Together with glutathione peroxidase and catalase, peroxiredoxin (Prx) enzymes play an important role in eliminating peroxides generated during metabolism. We investigated the role of Prx enzymes during cellular response to oxidative stress. Using Prx isoforms‐specific antibodies, we investigated the presence of Prx isoforms by immunoblot analysis in cell lysates of the MCF‐7 breast cancer cell line. Treatment of MCF‐7 with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) resulted in the dose‐dependent expressions of Prx I and II at the protein and mRNA levels. To investigate the physiologic relevance of the Prx I and II expressions induced by H2O2, we compared the survivals of MCF10A normal breast cell line and MCF‐7 breast cancer cell line following exposure to H2O2. The treatment of MCF10A with H2O2 resulted in rapid cell death, whereas MCF‐7 was resistant to H2O2. In addition, we found that Prx I and II transfection enabled MCF10A cells to resist H2O2‐induced cell death. These findings suggest that Prx I and II have important functions as inhibitors of cell death during cellular response to oxidative stress. J. Cell. Biochem. 101: 1038–1045, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nuclear microscopy: A tool for imaging elemental distribution and percutaneous absorption in vivo
Authors: Veríssimo Ana , Alves Luís C. , Filipe Paulo , Silva JoãO N. , Silva Raquel , Dolores YNSA Maria , Gontier Etienne , Moretto Philippe , Pallon Jan , Pinheiro Teresa 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNuclear microscopy is a technique based on a focused beam of accelerated particles that has the ability of imaging the morphology of the tissue in vivo and of producing the correspondent elemental maps, whether in major, minor, or trace concentrations. These characteristics constitute a strong advantage in studying the morphology of human skin, its elemental distributions and the permeation mechanisms of chemical compounds. In this study, nuclear microscopy techniques such as scanning transmission ion microscopy and particle induced X‐ray emission were applied simultaneously, to cryopreserved human skin samples with the purpose of obtaining high‐resolution images of cells and tissue morphology. In addition, quantitative elemental profiling and mapping of phosphorus, calcium, chlorine, and potassium in skin cross‐sections were obtained. This procedure accurately distinguishes the epidermal strata and dermis by overlapping in real time the elemental information with density images obtained from the transmitted beam. A validation procedure for elemental distributions in human skin based on differential density of epidermal strata and dermis was established. As demonstrated, this procedure can be used in future studies as a tool for the in vivo examination of trans‐epidermal and ‐dermal delivery of products. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Wide‐field subdiffraction RESOLFT microscopy using fluorescent protein photoswitching
Authors: A. Schwentker Miriam , Bock Hannes , Hofmann Michael , Jakobs Stefan , Bewersdorf Jörg , Eggeling Christian , Hell Stefan W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSubdiffraction fluorescence imaging is presented in a parallelized wide‐field arrangement exploiting the principle of reversible saturable/switchable optical transitions (RESOLFT). The diffraction barrier is overcome by photoswitching ensembles of the label protein asFP595 between a nonfluorescent off‐ and a fluorescent on‐state. Relying on ultralow continuous‐wave intensities, reversible protein switching facilitates parallelized fast image acquisition. The RESOLFT principle is implemented by illuminating with intensity distributions featuring zero intensity lines that are further apart than the conventional Abbe resolution limit. The subdiffraction resolution is verified by recording live Escherichia coli bacteria labeled with asFP595. The obtained resolution of 50 nm (≈λ/12) is limited only by the spectroscopic properties of the proteins and the imperfections of the optical implementation, but not on principle grounds. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of distal radius malunion on distal radioulnar joint mechanics—an in vivo study
Authors: Crisco Joseph J. , Moore Douglas C. , Marai G. Elisabeta , Laidlaw David H. , Akelman Edward , Weiss Arnold‐Peter C. , Wolfe Scott W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPatients with a malunited distal radius often have painful and limited forearm rotation, and may progress to arthritis of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). The purpose of this study was to determine if DRUJ congruency and mechanics were altered in patients with malunited distal radius fractures. In nine subjects with unilateral malunions, interbone distances and dorsal and palmar radioulnar ligament lengths were computed from tomographic images of both forearms in multiple forearm positions using markerless bone registration (MBR) techniques. The significance of the changes were assessed using a generalized linear model, which controlled for forearm rotation angle (−60° to 60°). In the malunited forearm, compared to the contralateral uninjured arm, we found that ulnar joint space area significantly decreased by approximately 25%, the centroid of this area moved an average of 1.3 mm proximally, and the dorsal radioulnar ligament elongated. Despite our previous findings of insignificant changes in the pattern of radioulnar kinematics in patients with malunited fractures, we found significant changes in DRUJ joint area and ligament lengthening. These findings suggest that alterations in joint mechanics and soft tissues may play an important role in the dysfunction associated with these injuries. © 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 25:547–555, 2007