bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of glucose on plasma concentrations of individual non-esterified fatty acids of non-diabetic and insulin-independent diabetic men
Authors: Yue Kenneth T N , Phillips Phillis E , Davis James W , Graham Barbara A 
Published: December 2008

SummaryThe composition of plasma non-esterified fatty acids was investigated during glucose tolerance tests to determine changes in individual fatty acid concentrations after glucose administration and to determine whether differences existed between the individual fatty acid concentrations of maturity-onset diabetic and non-diabetic men. The mean fasting total non-esterified fatty acid concentration of the 9 diabetics was greater than that of the 12 non-diabetics studied. After glucose ingestion, the mean total non-esterified fatty acid concentrations of both groups decreased. Gas chromatographic analysis of the plasma non-esterified fatty acids of 6 diabetic and 6 non-diabetic men revealed that the concentrations of palmitic, stearic and oleic acids were significantly higher in the diabetic men in the fasting state. With the sole exception of stearic acid in the non-diabetic patients, the mean concentration of each of the 6 plasma non-esterified fatty acids determined decreased in both groups after glucose ingestion. At 1, 2 and 3 hr after glucose ingestion, there were no longer any significant differences between the mean concentrations of individual plasma non-esterified fatty acids of the non-diabetic and diabetic men.
Once-daily metoprolol for hypertension
Authors: Ward M J , Roland J M , Banks D C 
Published: December 2008

Summary
In a randomized cross-over trial the antihypertensive effect of metoprolol given once daily was compared with its effects after twice-daily dosage. Metoprolol given as a single morning dose had a useful antihypertensive effect for 24 hr and may be given in this way for the treatment of hypertension.
Omphalocele: experience in the African tropics
Authors: Ihekwaba F Nwabueze 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Omphalocele, the congenital anomaly of the anterior abdominal wall in the newborn, is a serious condition with a grave prognosis. Sac rupture, occurring in 25% of cases in Ibadan is associated with a high mortality. Although its embryogenesis is now better understood, its underlying aetiology remains obscure. Prematurity and low birth weight have no causal relationship to the condition, but a preponderance among the lower socio-economic groups in Ibadan is observed. Thirty-three cases seen over a 5-year period at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, constitute an unusually high incidence, suggesting that the condition may be aetiologically related to umbilical hernia which is known to be commoner in African than in Caucasian infants. Overall treatment results remain unsatisfactory for all types and mortality is still high. In those centres, particularly in the developing countries with scarce resources, conservative management should be the primary treatment modality for all intact sacs but staged procedures utilizing prosthetic materials should be reserved for the large ruptured sac.
Acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy following type A viral hepatitis
Authors: Johnston C L W , Schwartz M , Wansbrough-Jones M H 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A case is described of acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy (Guillain-Barré syndrome) following a recent infection with type A viral hepatitis. This association has not previously been reported. The neurological disturbance was unusual in being predominantly sensory.
Acute pancreatitis induced by acute organophosphate poisoning?
Authors: Moore P G , James O F 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A 32-year-old male with acute organophosphate poisoning developed hyperglycaemia, glycosuria and ketonuria soon after admission to hospital. Serum amylase estimations suggested a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. He required insulin therapy to control his hyperglycaemia and the organophosphate poisoning was successfully managed by artificial ventilation, an infusion of pralidoxime and intermittent atropine. He was discharged on the 17th hospital day with no permanent physical sequelae.
Gastrointestinal amyloidosis complicating psoriatic arthropathy
Authors: Willoughby C P , Banerji A , Bennett M K , Jewell D P 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A patient is described who developed gastrointestinal amyloidosis complicating psoriatic arthropathy. The presenting symptom was progressive dysphagia due to oesophageal involvement. Other clinical features included gastric ulceration with melaena, intestinal pseudo-obstruction and evidence of impaired renal function. The oesophageal symptoms improved after endoscopic dilatation of the cardia. Colchicine was used in an attempt to slow down progression of the condition.
The importance of good blood pressure control in the prevention of stroke recurrence in hypertensive patients
Authors: Johnston J H , Dunn F G , Beevers D G , Larkin H , Titterington D M 
Published: December 2008

Summary
One hundred and twenty-four patients (70 men and 54 women) who were treated for hypertension after a stroke, between 1968 and 1976, were studied. Twenty-one (11 men and 10 women) developed a second stroke after a mean period of just over 2 years. The women who had a stroke recurrence had higher initial systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) as well as higher achieved BP. The men with recurrence had no significant difference in initial BP but had higher BP on treatment. Patients who achieved BP of &lt;160 mmHg systolic or 90 mmHg diastolic had a low incidence of recurrent stroke. Good BP control in hypertensive patients prevents stroke recurrence but may be difficult to achieve.
Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia in a Saudi Arabian female
Authors: Gatus B , Khan M A 
Published: December 2008

Summary
The first recorded case of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia from Saudi Arabia is reported. A 57-year-old female presented with paroxysmal cough, wheezing and shortness of breath. The white cell count was 27·0 × 109/l with 80% eosinophils, the serum IgE was grossly elevated and there were flitting pulmonary opacities on X-ray. Following treatment with diethylcarbamazine the patient’s symptoms were relieved dramatically, the white cells, eosinophil counts and the serum IgE returned to normal and the pulmonary opacities cleared. The source of filarial infection is uncertain.
Intra-arterial blood pressure and cardiovascular responses in black and white hypertensives
Authors: Rowlands David B , Watson Robert D S , Stallard Terence J , Littler William A , de Giovanni Joe 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Sixteen black hypertensive patients were matched for age, sex, casual blood pressure and socio-economic status with 16 white hypertensives. All patients underwent continuous intra-arterial ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure, assessment of baroreflex activity and pressor response to exercise and cold. No differences were observed in the blood pressure and cardiovascular responses between the group.
Tuberculosis in Asians
Authors: Innes J A 
Published: December 2008

Summary
The incidence of tuberculosis among Asian immigrants in the United Kingdom greatly exceeds that in the white population. There are differences in the age-and sex-distribution of cases and in the frequency of of the disease at various sites, non-respiratory disease being disproportionately common. These differences are described and the need for more vigorous application of case finding and preventive measures is discussed.
Anaphylactic shock in an infant after feeding with a wheat rusk. A transient phenomenon
Authors: Rudd Peter , Manuel Peter , Walker-Smith John 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A 10-week-old male infant presented with a history of recurrent diarrhoea and vomiting and in a state of collapse. After much fruitless investigation he was challenged with a wheat rusk and developed life-threatening anaphylactic shock followed by watery diarrhoea due to monosaccharide intolerance. This immediate type hypersensitivity to wheat rusk was transient, the infant being able to tolerate dietary wheat at the age of 14 months.
Acute dermatomyositis associated with a staphylococcal infection
Authors: Heagerty A M , Byrom N P , Cookson J B 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A case is reported of dermatomyositis developing in a woman with staphylococcal osteomyelitis. After treatment for the infection, the dermatomyositis resolved and no other cause for it has been found. Dermatomyositis has not previously been described in conjuction with a staphylococcal infection.
Parotid and submandibular duct calculi in three successive generations of one family
Authors: Bullock K N 
Published: December 2008

Abstract
A case is reported of chronic calculous parotitis beginning in a 12-month-old child. Further questioning revealed a history of parotid calculi in her mother and submandibular calculi in her maternal grandmother. The features which indicate the diagnosis of parotid calculous disease are discussed and, from a review of the literature, some observations are made on management.
Oesophageal stricture associated with emepronium bromide therapy
Authors: Fellows I W , Ogilvie A L , Atkinson M 
Published: December 2008

Abstract
Emepronium bromide, a drug used to control urinary frequency, has been reported as causing oesophageal ulceration but not stricture formation. This paper presents 3 cases in which the use of emepronium bromide preceded development of an oesophageal stricture and suggests that the drug played a causative role.
Glandular fever-like syndrome, pulmonary eosinophilia and asthma associated with carbamazepine
Authors: Lewis I J , Rosenbloom L 
Published: December 2008

Abstract
An 8-year-old boy is described who developed hypersensitivity to carbamazepine manifested by fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly and asthma with eosinophilia. The abnormal reaction resolved rapidly following cessation of the drug.
Small intestinal perforation in Wegener’s granulomatosis
Authors: McNabb W R , Lennox M S , Wedzicha J A 
Published: December 2008

Abstract
A case of Wegener’s granulomatosis complicated by small bowel ulceration and perforation is described. Following laparotomy, with bowel resection, haemodialysis and immunosuppressive therapy, a full recovery was achieved including reversal of severe renal failure.
Broncho-pleural fistula complicating rheumatoid lung disease
Authors: Sharma S S , Reynolds P M G 
Published: December 2008

Abstract
A 57-year-old man with severe rheumatoid arthritis complicated by lung disease developed a bronchopleural fistula. Initially he had a symptomless pleural effusion but later a cavitated rheumatoid lung nodule ruptured giving rise to a broncho-pleural fistula which took 19 days to heal.
Idiopathic obstructive eosinophilic enteritis with raised IgE: response to oral disodium cromoglycate
Authors: Gilinsky N H , Kottler R E 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A 65-year-old man with a 20-year history of recurrent abdominal pain and vomiting was found to have eosinophilic enteritis affecting the muscularis layer of the distal ileum. Tests for malabsorption were negative. The IgE was raised but there was no evidence of an allergic predisposition. The symptoms, eosinophilia, and radiological abnormality responded to oral disodium cromoglycate.
Pulmonary embolism presenting as adult respiratory distress syndrome—support for a hypothesis
Authors: Williams Adrian J , Yauch David C , Finberg Stephen N , Santiago Silverio M , Fisher H Kenneth 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), or non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, has only rarely been associated with pulmonary embolism. In this case study the association is further documented and the occurrence of pulmonary oedema confined to unobstructed portions of the pulmonary capillary bed is illustrated.
Fulminant hepatic failure in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Authors: Braude S , Portmann B , Gimson A E S , Williams Roger 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Two patients with fulminant hepatic failure presenting during the course of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma are described. One patient had no previous history of lymphoma whereas in the other a small bowel lymphoma had recently been diagnosed. Both patients had histological evidence of lymphomatous infiltrate in the liver and no other cause for the fulminant hepatic failure could be found. Neither patient responded to treatment with corticosteroids: the cautious use of combined chemotherapy may be justified.
Liver disease in brucellosis. A clinical and pathological study of 40 cases
Authors: Cervantes F , Carbonell J , Bruguera M , Force L , Webb S 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Among 82 patients with brucellosis, physical and/or biochemical abnormalities suggesting liver disease were found in 40 cases. A soft and tender liver enlargement was present in 65% of them, and the spleen was palpable in 52%. The most frequent biochemical abnormalities were a slight increase of serum transaminases and alkaline phosphatase. Liver biopsy showed a non-specific reactive hepatitis in 90% of patients, and minimal changes in the remaining 10%. Non-caseating granulomas were present in 28 patients, always associated with reactive hepatitis. No differences were found when comparing clinical and biochemical features in patients with and without granulomas. However, statistically significant differences were obtained when the duration of the process was related to the type of alteration found in the liver biopsy; the finding of granulomas was practically constant when the duration of the disease before liver biopsy was under 100 days, but was infrequent after this time.
The role of race and environment in the development of hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic non-ketotic coma
Authors: Knight Graham , Leatherdale Brian A 
Published: December 2008

Summary
In a retrospective study of patients presenting with hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic non-ketotic coma no evidence was obtained to suggest that the condition occurs more commonly in black patients. Suspicions that poor social background rather than race predisposes patients to the condition are borne out by the fact that 10 of the 13 patients were socially isolated.
Polymyositis presenting as sick sinus syndrome
Authors: Reid Peter G , Griffiths B E , McQueen I N F , Dalal J J 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A 39-year-old woman presented with palpitations, presyncope and muscular weakness. Electrocardiographic monitoring and electrophysiological studies confirmed the tachycardia-bradycardia form of the sick sinus syndrome and subsequent investigations including an endomyocardial biopsy demonstrated polymyositis as the cause.
Early onset life-threatening myelosuppression after low dose of intravesical thiotepa
Authors: Agnelli Giancarlo , Gresele Paolo , de Cunto Maria , del Favero Albano 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Intravesical instillation of thiotepa is a popular treatment for localized bladder carcinoma. The drug can enter the systemic circulation, and such absorption may be enhanced by extensive tumour infiltration or by a recent tumour resection. A case is reported of early onset life-threatening pancytopenia following an unusually low dose of the drug in a patient who had undergone a recent tumour resection.
Crohn’s disease of the colon with Takayasu’s arteritis
Authors: Lenhoff S J , Mee A S 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A case of Crohn’s disease of the colon with Takayasu’s arteritis in a young woman is presented. A possible pathogenetic mechanism whereby circulating immune complexes associated with Takayasu’s arteritis could lead to a chronic colitis is proposed.
Does multiple injection sclerotherapy have a role in the long-term management of oesophageal varices?
Authors: Sinnett H D , Reynolds K W , Murray-Lyon I M , Johnson A G 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Sixty-nine cirrhotic patients were treated by injection sclerotherapy for bleeding oesophageal varices, with an emergency hospital mortality, from all causes, of 29%. The treatment of 35 of these continued with elective, long-term injections alone: 9 have so far survived more than 3 years, the longest being 5 years 4 months. The risk factor for rebleeding per patient month was 0·03 and, with its minimal complications, long-term sclerotherapy can be recommended as an alternative to portasystemic shunts for all grades of liver disease.
Transplacental transfer of 25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol
Authors: Gupta M M , Kuppuswamy G , Subramanian A R 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Plasma calcium, inorganic phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, magnesium and 25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol (25-OH-D3) levels were determined on venous blood in 60 Indian mothers during labour. The same analyses were carried out on the cord blood and the infant’s venous blood 96 hr after birth. The mean values of plasma calcium, inorganic phosphorus and magnesium were significantly raised in the cord blood compared to those in the maternal blood (calcium and phosphorous P&lt;0·001 and magnesium P&lt;0·01). The mean plasma levels of 25-OH-D3 in the maternal and cord blood were 11·7 ng/ml and 9·6 ng/ml respectively, the cord blood level being about 81% of the maternal. There was a highly significant correlation between these concentrations (r=0·80, P&lt;0·001). The plasma 25-OH-D3 was subnormal in 12 pregnant mothers at labour and 14 infants.
The study highlights the low vitamin D state of Indian pregnant mothers and their newborn infants. The plasma 25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol in pregnancy may reach subnormal levels which are often associated with clinical osteomalacia. This, in turn, adversely affects the vitamin D state of the infant.
Neurological and psychiatric side effects of cimetidine—report of 3 cases with review of the literature
Authors: Sonnenblick M , Rosin A J , Weissberg N 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Neurological and psychiatric side effects of cimetidine are reviewed in 47 cases from the literature, and 3 further cases are described. Confusion, psychomotor restlessness, hallucinations and disorientation, stupor and coma were the main features; some had convulsions and a few exhibited focal neurological deficits or neuropathies. The signs appeared within 2 days in almost half of the patients, and remitted in most within 2-3 days. Predisposing factors, of which more than one may be present, are advanced age, hepatic or renal dysfunction, or severe underlying disease. The 3 cases described were all old, one had cirrhosis with bleeding oesophageal varices, and one had renal failure with nephrotic syndrome and amyloidosis.
In view of the increasingly wide use of cimetidine, conditions in which there is decreased metabolic breakdown, or excretion, or predisposition to increased brain levels should prompt careful follow-up, and possibly a lower dosage regimen, especially in elderly patients.
Wernicke’s encephalopathy following ‘hunger strike’
Authors: Pentland Brian , Mawdsley Clifford 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A 41-year-old doctor who voluntarily starved himself and developed Wernicke’s encephalopathy after intravenus rehydration is described. The need to be aware of this complication of dextrose infusion in the undernourished non-alcoholic patient is emphasized.
Turner’s syndrome associated with bicuspid aortic stenosis and dissecting aortic aneurysm
Authors: Slater D N , Grundman M J , Mitchell L 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A case of Turner’s syndrome is described associated with bicuspid aortic stenosis and fatal rupture of a thoracic dissecting aortic aneurysm. Histology of the aneurysm showed severe cystic medial necrosis. This association has not been previously described in the absence of coarctation.
In view of the possibility of surgical repair, dissecting aortic aneurysm should be considered in all patients with Turner’s syndrome presenting with chest pain, irrespective of the presence or absence of coarctation.
Recovery without sequelae from severe methanol intoxication
Authors: Martens J , Verberckmoes R , Westhovens R , Delooz H , Daenens P 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A case of massive methanol poisoning is described. The peak serum methanol level of 287·5 mmol/litre (920 mg/dl) is by far the highest recorded level associated with complete recovery. This successful outcome can probably be attributed to early and prolonged haemodialysis.
Polyneuritis following BCG re-vaccination
Authors: Katznelson D , Gross S , Sack J 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A 12-year-old healthy, tuberculin negative boy was re-vaccinated with BCG. Nine days later symmetrical polyneuritis developed in all extremities. The tuberculin test was now strongly positive. It is suggested that the polyneuritis was due to a hypersensitivity reaction resulting from the BCG re-vaccination.
Neuropsychiatric manifestations of bromide ingestion
Authors: Battin David G J , Varkey T Antony 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Two cases of bromide intoxication are reported. Although the serum bromide levels were not particularly high, they were related to typical neurological and psychiatric features of bromism. The authors wish to suggest that the rare syndrome of bromism be considered in the differential diagnosis of obscure or refractory neuro-psychiatric symptomatology.
The distal form of spinal muscular atrophy: an unusual case demonstrating the intermediate variety
Authors: Isenberg D A , Kahn Pauline A 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A 14-year-old boy with a long history of distal muscle weakness affecting primarily and predominantly the upper limbs is described. There is a family history of pes cavus and congenital dislocation of the hip. Electromyography and histopathological studies of skeletal muscle showed conclusive evidence of a neurogenic muscular disorder, and excluded primary muscle disease. The muscle biopsy showed group atrophy. As many target fibres which are identical to structured cores were a prominent feature of the biopsy, central core disease was considered. However, it was concluded on clinical, neurophysiological and histological evidence that the patient was suffering from distal spinal muscular atrophy of an intermediate type designated by previous authors.
A review of the current concepts of distal muscle weakness is included.
Plasma infusions in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura complicating systemic lupus erythematosus—a successful outcome
Authors: Finkelstein R , Markel A , Carter A , Brook J G 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A severe form of acute thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) developed in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Infusions of large amounts of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) were added to steroid therapy and resulted in a rapid improvement and remission. Further episodes of thrombocytopenia and abdominal pains during a two-year follow-up were successfully treated with plasma alone and this indicates the important role of FFP infusions in the recovery of this patient.
Ulcerative colitis complicated by a leucoerythroblastic anaemia
Authors: Chesner I M , Gozzard D I 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Two cases of biopsy-proven ulcerative colitis are described, and both developed a leucoerythroblastic anaemia during the course of the acute illness. Despite intensive investigation for the presence of bone marrow infiltration, no neoplasm was demonstrated. The leucoerythroblastic anaemia remitted in each case on medical treatment of the ulcerative colitis. The possible mechanisms underlying the development of reversible leucoerythroblastic anaemia are discussed.