bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prophylactic antibiotics in oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal surgery for cancer: (A double‐blind study)
Authors: Dor Pierre , Klastersky Jean 
Published: September 2006

AbstractAmpicillin plus Cloxacillin (2 gm of each daily) or a placebo were given at random and on a double blind basis to 52 and 50 patients undergoing oral, laryngeal or pharyngeal surgery for neoplastic lesions.The frequency of postoperative wound and respiratory infections was significantly higher (p <0.05) among the placebo‐treated patients. Most infections in both groups were caused by gram‐negative rods. No untoward effects were related to the use of ampicillin plus cloxacillin and this form of therapy did not increase the rate of pharyngeal or wound asymptomatic colonization by bacteria.
Surgical treatment of xerophthalmia
Authors: Shanon Eliahu , Lazar Moshe , Redianu Chaim 
Published: September 2006

AbstractDuring the past year, two patients suffering from xerophthalmia were treated by transposition of Stensen's duct into the inferior conjunctival fornix. The case history of one patient is reviewed and the operative technique as well as a modification which allows for a simultaneous reconstruction of an obliterated fornix are described. Profuse lacrimal epiphora appeared and a suggestion is made to evaluate the functional capacity of the parotid gland pre‐operatively with the help of scintigrams. If necessary, partial or subtotal excision of the parotid gland may be done in conjunction with the transposition procedure. Attention is drawn to possible analogy between aural and ocular lubricant systems.
The correlation between bacteriological findings in the nose and maxillary sinus in acute maxillary sinusitis
Authors: Axelsson A. , Brorson J. E. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractNasal and sinus bacteriology have been investigated in healthy controls and in patients with acute maxillary sinusitis. Comparatively few healthy noses were sterile, and in controls the nasal bacterial flora commonly consisted mainly of staphylococci and diphtheroid rods. Nasal specimens from patients with sinusitis showed most common findings to be “no growth,” pneumococci, Haemophilus influenzae and staphylococci in that order. In aspirated sinus secretions there was a predominance of pneumococci, “no growth” and Haemophilus influenzae. Other bacteria were uncommon. Staphylococci were shown conclusively to be nasal contaminants. The same organisms were found in the nasal and sinus secretions of patients with sinusitis in only 64 percent, thus indicating that nasal samples are of low predictive value in reflecting sinus flora. It can be argued that in the individual patient with sinusitis it is more reliable to base therapy on the results of previous bacteriological investigations than on the individual bacteral findings in the nose.
Abnormal dinitrochlorobenzene skin sensitization: A prognostic sign of survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Maisel Robert H. , Ogura Joseph H. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractDinitrochlorobenzene (2‐4 DNCB) forms a hapten with skin protein when topically applied. The delayed hypersensitivity reaction which secondary application produces is useful to measure cell‐mediated immunity as a gross measure of cancer immunity. Lymphocytopenia and anergy to attempted delayed hypersensitivity elicitation may both reflect poor host response to neoplasia.A prospective study on 55 patients with localized or regional squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, pharynx and mouth was done. These patients were sensitized and stimulated with DNCB and lymphocyte counts measured. Eighty‐eight percent of positive DNCB reactors were alive and tumor free at one year while 53 percent of non‐responders survived free of disease. All 19 DNCB responders with normal or increased lymphocyte counts survived without recurrence. The potential usefulness of prognostic evaluation of host response is described.
Facial palsy: Bell's versus parotid vascular malformation: Case report
Authors: May Mark , Lucente Frank E. , Farrell Frank W. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe occurrence of facial paralysis in a patient with a parotid vascular malformation is reported. Topographic diagnostic tests suggested a lesion in the tympanomastoid portion of the nerve. Subsequent surgical exploration confirmed the benign nature of the parotid mass. Although extremely rare, in view of the possible relationship of the parotid lesion with the facial paralysis, the authors suggest that this case be classified as peripheral facial paralysis associated with a benign parotid vascular anomaly.
Papillary cystadenoma of the larynx
Authors: Donald Paul J. , Krause Charles J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA patient with a tumor of the larynx resembling a Warthin's tumor of the parotid salivary gland is described. A comparison is drawn between this lesion and oncocytoma. A discussion of the morphology and pathogenesis of oncocytic adenomas is presented.
Indirect microlaryngostroboscopy
Authors: Padovan I. F. , Christman N. T. , Hamilton L. H. , Darling R. J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractUse of the operating microscope for indirect microlaryngoscopy in routine office practice has been broadened by the development of a supplementary system which offers indirect microlaryngostroboscopy as a practical tool for routine laryngological practice. The supplementary system has been adapted to the Zeiss operating microscope equipped with a 300 mm objective. The original light source on the microscope is replaced by a stroboscopic bulb which flashes in synchrony with the output of an audible tone generator. The tone generator is used to guide the patient's vocalization during the examination, and, thereby, produces a stop‐action image of the vocal cords. Its use in conjunction with clinical judgment by the examiner can aid in the diagnosis and treatment of various dysfunctions of the vocal cords.
Air in the neck
Authors: Thawley Stanley E. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractAir in the neck is normally found in the pharynx, larynx and trachea. Free air may enter the neck by direct opening of potential fascia spaces, dissection within the fascia spaces from the head or mediastinum and by injury to the upper respiratory or alimentary tracts. The sources for free air in the neck are numerous and varied and range from the rectum to the sinuses. The otolaryngologist should have a thorough knowledge of the differential diagnosis for air in the neck since the definitive therapy depends on the etiology.
Head and neck pain: T‐M joint syndrome
Authors: Norris C. W. , Eakins K. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe otolaryngologist is frequently consulted by patients with a confusing array of complaints of pain in the head and neck region. It is the purpose of this paper to re‐introduce the problem of the temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome and stress its frequent occurrence.Costen in 1934 and 1944 brought to the attention of otolaryngologists the problem of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. In his 1944 report he stated that the diagnosis of tic doloreaux had been frequently made in patients with temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome. The number of cases included in this report are those collected over the past six months. Between June and December of 1973, 25 patients with the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome were asked to fill out a questionnaire covering the history and symptomatology of their problem. Just over 50 percent were under the age of 50, with the largest number between the ages of 30 and 49. No patients had symptoms less than three months and most of the patients had symptoms from three months to one year. Unilateral symptoms were present in all but four cases, and the right side was most frequently involved. Many physicians were consulted and averaged 2.3 for each patient. All but two patients described pain in multiple areas, the most frequent combinations being the joint, ear and lower jaw; however, most patients were unaware of joint pain primarily. One patient complained only of throat pain and one complained only of pain in the lower jaw. Eight patients described “popping” in the joint, and eight had a history of teeth clenching or bruxing. Thirteen complained of fullness or pressure along with tinnitus and vertigo on an intermittent basis. Four case histories are presented to exemplify certain problems.The history is one of many nerve roots involved with pain in and around the ear, pain down the side of the neck, a gnawing aching tight feeling under the jaw to a burning sensation down the skin of the neck. In most all patients treatment has often been given by many doctors. They frequently present to the examiner as an individual with a large psychosomatic overlay.Physical examination reveals subjective pain and tenderness in the joint, clicking or crepitation upon auscultation of the joint, spasm of the external pterygoid, tenderness of the masseter muscle, deviation of the mandible on opening, impaired motion of one or both condyles and a generalized sensitiveness of the skin in the involved region.Representative X‐rays are presented. Intra‐articular injection of 1 cc. of 2 percent lidocaine will relieve some or all of the symptoms the patient is experiencing. Complications of the injection have been minimal. A small number of patients obtained complete relief of their head and neck pain after three to five injections. A possible mechanism to explain the genesis of the syndrome is presented. Treatment is varied and not agreed upon. Three patients have been treated by the insertion of a temporomandibular joint prosthesis.
Labyrinthine pathology of chronic renal failure patients treated with hemodialysis and kidney transplantation
Authors: Oda Makoto , Preciado Manuel C. , Quick Cedric A. , Paparella Michael M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractAn audiologic study of 290 hemodialysis and renal transplant patients revealed that in 43 of these patients significant hearing loss developed which could be directly attributed to the therapy of the kidney problem.The clinicopathologic findings in 16 temporal bones of eight chronic hemodialysis and renal transplant patients were presented. The five patients treated with 59 or less hemodialyses had no subjective hearing loss; on the other hand, the three patients receiving 264 or more hemodialyses and multiple transplants, complained of hearing and vestibular difficulties. The pathologic findings common to all 14 temporal bones of the seven patients who underwent transplantation were blue stained concretions in the stria vascularis and/or vestibular receptors. The cochlear changes noted ranged from mild loss of outer hair cells and spiral ganglion cells in patients with few hemodialyses and transplants to complete absence of the organ of Corti in patients receiving more than 264 hemodialyses and multiple transplants; thus, the severity of the clinical and histopathological temporal bone findings was directly proportional to the number of hemodialyses and transplants to which the patient had been subjected. This seems to suggest that numerous hemodialyses or recurrent kidney transplants can induce electrolytic, osmotic, biochemical, vascular and/or immunological changes in the inner ear which can lead to severe audioves‐tibular symptoms and pathology.
Red chorda tympani nerve and bell's palsy
Authors: May Mark 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThis is the first report of a red chorda tympani nerve observed in association with Bell's palsy. A prospective study was designed to determine the frequency and significance of this sign in association with Bell's palsy. Twenty‐eight patients were evaluated within two days of onset of paralysis. The red chorda tympani sign was correlated with alterations in chorda tympani function in terms of taste and submandibular salivary flow as well as response of the extracranial facial nerve to the maximal stimulation test. The chorda tympani was red in 10 of 20 patients (50 percent) where the nerve could be seen through the tympanic membrane. This finding is discussed in terms of a viral‐inflammatory involvement of the chorda tympani as part of the pathogenesis of Bell's palsy. In addition, the red chorda tympani sign was clinically significant. It indicated a more severe involvement of the chorda tympani than in those patients where the nerve was normal. The patients with the finding had a greater incidence of loss of taste by history and testing. In addition, 4 of the 10 patients with a red chorda tympani on the side of the facial paralysis had a salivary flow of less than 25 percent as compared to only 1 of 10 patients with a normal chorda tympani on the ipsilateral side. The study suggested a worse prognosis for patients with a red chorda tympani, although the difference was not statistically significant. The most important clinical significance of the red chorda tympani was its exclusive association with Bell's palsy and, therefore, may be an important diagnostic sign.
An anomalous facial nerve: The otologist's albatross
Authors: Leek Joseph H. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA facial nerve coursing inferior to the oval window niche was injured during a stapedectomy. In this location, the nerve did not have normal gross characteristics and was not recognized as a vital structure.The relationship between the facial nerve and the stapes is determined by the fourth week of fetal life. Even when the nerve lies inferior to the stapes, it is postulated that a normal bony facial canal and stapedial muscle can develop.
Granular cell myoblastoma of the larynx
Authors: Thawley Stanley E. , May Mark , Ogura Joseph H. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractGranular cell myoblastoma is a relatively uncommon lesion but one important to remember because of the diagnostic difficulty it may present. Six cases over a 15‐year period were reviewed. The lesions occurred more in females (five to one) in the fourth and fifth decades. Most were symptomatic with hoarseness. Half (three) of the lesions were located on the posterior true vocal cord, two on the mid cord and one on the anterior cord, and all were removed endoscopically. Follow‐up of six months to six years has revealed no recurrences. Microscopically the lesions consist of pink cells with the characteristic granules. The cell of origin is probably the Schwann cell. A problem in diagnosis is the frequently present overlying epithelial layer of pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia which must not be mistaken for carcinoma. The lesions are benign. Although a few malignant cases have been reported, there have been none in the larynx. Endoscopic local excision is usually adequate, although very large lesions may require laryngofissure or hemilaryngectomy. Even total laryngectomies have been reported.
Computer processing of audiological and vestibular data: A preliminary report
Authors: Abel S. M. , Barber H. O. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThis paper describes the development of a computerized record system for storage, retrieval and analysis of data generated by audiological, vestibular and otoneurological data. The computer system found most suitable was the APL PLUS 360 with disk storage for programs and data bank. The reasons for choice of computer language and storage mode are outlined. In its present stage of development, the computer record system consists of three files for each patient: identification data, a listing of all tests together with the dates on which they were given and the matrix of data generated by each test. Patient security is assured by entering files through special codes rather than names. Examples of the retrieval of both personal information and the complete and partial data for particular tests are given. The ease of statistical analysis of a particular datum for a series of patients is demonstrated.
The conacher memorial lecture: “100 years of effort”
Authors: Bryce Douglas P. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe academic goals of the Centennial Conference on Laryngeal Cancer are, the provision of a forum for a full and frank discussion among experts in the field of laryngeal cancer covering all aspects of the management of this disease; the review of clinical investigation in this field; to identify areas in which research appears to be fruitful, and, finally, the dissemination of the transactions, discussions and conclusions of this Conference by means of the medical literature, audiovisual tapes and television tapes of special interviews and discussions.The Conference is dedicated to the human larynx and to Charlie Conacher whose Memorial Fund has strongly supported investigation in this field in the Toronto area. With the help of the Conacher Research Fund, extensive investigation, including serial whole organ sectioning of the larynx, has been carried on in Toronto for six years.Increase in knowledge of the laryngeal anatomy in the spread of tumors as a result of serial sectioning has led to improvements in conservation surgery and in the planning of fields for radiotherapeutic treatment.The efforts of surgeons, clinicians and radiotherapists in the past 100 years, has transformed laryngeal cancer from one of the least favorable to one of the most favorable of human malignant diseases. We have improved the preservation of life for people suffering from this disease, and, indeed, we have also increased the number of cases in which the voice may be preserved by radiotherapy or by conservation surgery.The Laryngeal Conference is convened to stimulate our clinic and basic research in the field of laryngeal cancer. Our survival figures for patients with this disease have changed little in the past 20 years, and new ideas and the development of new therapeutic approaches are essential.The Conference is designed to stimulate interest, research and new methods of therapy and earlier diagnosis and to distribute this knowledge as widely as possible to doctors working in the field so that the patients with laryngeal cancer will ultimately benefit.
The incidence and mortality rates for laryngeal cancer from total cancer registries
Authors: Barclay T. H. C. , Rao N. Nanda 
Published: September 2006

AbstractReliable data concerning the incidence of and mortality from cancer of the larynx have been gathered from widely separated geographic areas throughout the world.These data have been used in the construction of a comparative study and have formed the basis for an assessment of the magnitude of the problem.
Epithelial neoplasia—a homeostatic disorder
Authors: Smithers David 
Published: September 2006

AbstractMalignant disease presents in a vast variety of forms. Cancerous reactions can occur in any tissue capable of cell division, at any age from in utero to senility. They can develop at any speed and produce sudden devastation or cause little disturbance during a lifetime. They can advance from a conditional or dependent state toward autonomy. They can arise in many parts of the same tissue concurrently or successively; they can progress, regress, maturate and undergo metaplasia. Their cell composition is characterized by its heterogeneity. They arise as disorders in normally well controlled dynamic systems and express a degree of disorganization which not only varies from one cancerous reaction to another but also from time to time in any one reaction.Despite the great number of possible cancerous reactions these changes are quite rare in most parts of the body, the majority are concentrated in comparatively few tissues.The tissues most liable to neoplastic reactions have certain significant things in common: they are either those surfaces at which demands are often made for repair of damage done by the environment or those organs subjected to cyclical and often to thwarted demands for function.With many forms of demand, a great variation in susceptibility and differing reasons for failure of control, the causes of epithelial neoplasia are numerous and complex. The end result, however, is much the same.When the stresses are applied over a wide area, multiple tumors may appear; on the other hand, in some cases it is the susceptibility which is widespread, giving rise to multiple tumors on little provocation.
Trigeminal neurinomas
Authors: Fee Willard E. , Epsy Clarke D. , Konrad Horst R. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractTrigeminal neurinomas may produce atypical facial pain, loss of facial sensation, facial palsy, hearing loss, nystagmus, or vertigo, and thus may be confused with nasopharyngeal carcinomas or acoustic neurinomas. The diagnosis can be made by the clinical presentation together with radiographic features showing widening of the foramen ovale and/or smooth destruction of the anteromedial portion of the petrous apex. Tomography, pneumoencephalography, angiography, and other diagnostic procedures are sometimes helpful. Treatment is removal by transtemporal craniotomy and offers an excellent prognosis.
Density of goblet cells in chronic secretory otitis media: Findings in a biopsy material
Authors: Tos M. , Bak‐Pedersen K. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractIn 30 ears from 24 children with chronic secretory otitis the density of goblet cells and of glands was determined on biopsies from the anterior part of the promontory. The goblet‐cell and gland density proved to be highly increased in all cases, with marked individual variations. The median density of goblet cells was 142 cells/field, corresponding to 8,000 cells/mm2. This substantiates the fact that in chronic secretory otitis the mucous secretion is a product of goblet cells and mucous glands and confirms the secretory pathogenesis of the disease.
An absorbent, non‐adherent nasal pack
Authors: Kamer Frank M. , Parkes Morey L. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA modification of an absorbent, non‐adherent material (Telfa) is described for use as an anterior nasal packing. The ideal nasal packing should fulfill certain criteria. It should be easy to introduce and remove, contour to the nasal cavity to exert a tamponade effect, and should not prolapse or react unfavorably with the mucous membranes of the nose. The advantages of Telfa as a nasal packing is discussed and compared to previously described materials in this regard. During the past three years this pack has been used in over 800 patients for anterior epistaxis, septal and rhinoplastic surgery. The results have been extremely satisfactory, and the authors suggest their use in these cases.
Malignancy and the benign lymphoepithelial lesion
Authors: Batsakis John G. , Bernacki Edward G. , Rice Dale H. , Stebler Michael E. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe benign lymphoepithelial lesion of salivary glands is now considered the histological hallmark of a variety of clinical and pathological disorders affecting salivary tissues. Malignancy arising in the lesion is uncommon, but may take origin in either the epithelial or lymphoreticular components. Lymphomas and pseudolymphomas associated with salivary gland lymphoepithelial lesions have been predominately extra‐salivary and strongly correlated with Sjogren's syndrome. Epithelial malignancy has not been associated with autoimmunity and with few exceptions has been of the anaplastic type.This report presents two patients with intra‐salivary lymphomas arising in a benign lymphoepithelial lesion of salivary glands and a patient with anaplastic carcinoma arising in the epithelial islands of the lesion. The fourth patient manifested pseudolymphomatous lymphoreticular hyperplasia in lung and submandibular gland and illustrates the possible multiple organ involvement that may occur in patients with benign lymphoepithelial lesion, even without clinical evidence of concommitant autoimmune disorders.
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of the ethmoid sinus
Authors: Makishima Kazumi , Iwasaki Hiroshi , Horie Akio 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA case of the alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma originating in the left ethmoid sinus was reported. Despite treatment by radical excision of the tumor, irradiation and chemotherapy, the patient died of generalized metastases of the tumor six months after surgery; however, no local recurrence of the tumor was found at an autopsy.The tumor was further studied by light and electron, microscopic procedures.