bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prosthetic management of the maxillectomy patient
Authors: Harrison Richard E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIf maximal preservation of appearance and function are to be achieved for the maxillectomy patient, preoperative dental impressions should be obtained, and clear communication should be established between the surgeon and the prosthodontist. The immediate surgical splint, which can be used for edentulous as well as dentulous patients, provides numerous advantages for the patient and the surgeon. Surgical procedures that enhance the fit and comfort of a prosthesis include (1) making the mucosal incision 0.5 cm lateral to the bony cut, (2) extracting the first tooth on the resected side before making the bony cut, (3) preserving the premaxillary segment, (4) creating a skin‐graft mucosal‐scar band, (5) removing the entire velum when the surgical procedure requires resection of more than one‐half of the velum, and (6) evaluating the possible removal of the coronoid process.
Radiation therapy of the oral cavity: Sequelae and management, part 2
Authors: Beumer John , Curtis Thomas , Harrison Richard E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis is the concluding portion of a two‐part series dealing with the effects and manifestations in the oral cavity of radiation therapy of head and neck tumors. Preradiation and postradiation extractions in dentulous patients, as well as dental maintenance of such patients (including fluoride treatments, follow‐up, and restorative care), are discussed. Guidelines for the dental management of edentulous patients are also presented at length (this section covers risk of bone necrosis, soft liners, timing of denture placement, dentures and preexisting bone necrosis, soft‐tissue necrosis and dentures, morbidity, and prosthodontic procedures). The article concludes with a brief discussion of osteoradionecrosis and soft‐tissue necrosis.
Interstitial‐implant radiotherapy in upperaerodigestive‐tract malignancy
Authors: Seagren Stephen L. , Syed A. M. Nisar , Byfield John E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the treatment of upper‐aerodigestive‐tract malignancy, interstitial‐implant radiotherapy differs in several physical and biologic respects from conventional external‐beam therapy: unlike external‐beam therapy, it can deliver a high central dose with a rapid fall‐off, which overcomes the central hypoxic resistance effect and yet greatly improves normal tissue tolerance. Externalbeam and interstitial‐implant therapy can also be combined to the patient's benefit; in many cases, this combination offers advantages over externalbeam therapy alone, preoperative external‐beam therapy, or aggressive surgery. The recent upsurge of interest in this modality has come about because of three developments: more suitable radioactive sources, afterloading, and computerized dosimetry. The early results in upper‐aerodigestive‐tract malignancy, both as primary and as salvage therapy, are promising; but the precise role of this treatment in our therapeutic armamentarium remains to be established.
Trichoepithelioma: Report of an unusual case and review of the literature
Authors: Osguthorpe J. D. , Calcaterra T. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTrichoepitheliomas are benign and uncommon skin tumors presenting in the head and neck region. Although they can be solitary, they occur more frequently as multiple lesions with an autosomal dominant inheritance. To the surgeon, they often present the problem of clinical differentiation from basal‐cell carcinoma. An unusual case is described, and experience in the treatment of 19 patients is reviewed.
Complications of radical neck dissection: A survey of 788 patients
Authors: McGuirt W. Frederick , McCabe Brian F. , Krause Charles J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRadical neck dissection remains the keystone to modern head and neck surgery. Like any major operation, it has inherent complications. These complications become greater when the procedure is combined with resection of primary lesions of the upper food and air passages, and when it follows radiation therapy. In this series, 788 patients with head and neck cancer underwent radical neck dissection alone or in combination with resection of a primary lesion, some with and some without irradiation; the overall complication rate was 50.8%. The total rate included 16.2% of the patients having one or more major surgical complications, 33.5% having one or more minor surgical complications, and 28% having one or more medical complications. The complications are reported in detail to allow comparison with other series and to give a true indication of the overall incidence of the risks involved in major head and neck cancer surgery.
The teaching‐case conference
Authors: Gordon Bruce R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA clinicopathologic conference is held on a 51‐year‐old smoker and reformed alcoholic with unilateral nasal mass causing obstruction and epistaxis. The workup, radiologic studies, differential diagnosis, surgical approach, pathology, and therapy are summarized, and the literature is reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the value of preoperative angiography in evaluating unusual masses, and on the importance of electron microscopy in definitive diagnosis.
Orbital diagnosis
Authors: Grove Arthur S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAccurate localization and diagnosis of orbital lesions is necessary to select the appropriate treatment. A systematic method of evaluating a patient with orbital disease is presented. The most common orbital lesions among children and adults are listed, and abnormalities that mimic exophthalmos are described. The tests that are most useful in evaluating orbital disease are described in detail. Several case reports illustrate the value of ultrasonography and three‐dimensional computed tomography in the localization and diagnosis of space‐occupying lesions of the orbit. Special tissue‐processing techniques can be performed on some tumors to aid in establishing a diagnosis and in planning treatment.
Embryonic development of the head and neck: Part 2, the branchial region
Authors: Wilson Doris B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe embryology of the branchial (pharyngeal) region is reviewed in terms of the embryonic pharynx, branchial apparatus and derivatives, tongue, larynx, and trachea. Derivatives of the branchial pouches, grooves (clefts), and arches are analyzed in relation to each other and to the first arch syndrome. Other common head and neck defects attributable to abnormal development of the branchial region are also discussed, particularly those defects involving the incomplete degeneration or the abnormal migration of branchial tissues.
Treatment of carcinoma of the hypopharynx
Authors: Horwitz Steven D. , Caldarelli David D. , Hendrickson Frank R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a review of 80 patients with hypopharyngeal squamous‐cell carcinoma, 43 patients were found to have had lesions arising in the pyriform sinus, 34 had lesions arising on the postcrolateral wall of the hypopharynx, and 3 had lesions in the postcricoid area. Therapeutic modalities included radical radiation therapy in 56 patients, radiation plus surgery in 13 patients, and planned combined therapy in 11 patients. The five‐year determinate survival rate of all the patients was 20%. Patients with posterolateral wall tumors had a 23% rate of cure, but those with pyriform sinus tumors had only a 13% rate of cure. The five‐year determinant survival rate was 12.5% for patients undergoing radical radiation therapy, 15.4% for those undergoing unplanned radiation and surgery (salvage therapy), and 55.6% for those with planned combined therapy. Over 40% of the patients had a recurrence of their disease; an additional 20% developed distant metastatic spread which usually occurred within the first year. The type of therapy did not alter the rate of recurrence but did affect the rate of distant metastatic spread, with planned combined therapy greatly improving control of the primary lesion. This study suggests that, even with advanced disease, the most effective therapy for hypopharyngeal carcinoma is planned combined radiation therapy and surgery.
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: Management of intracranial extension
Authors: Jafek Bruce W. , Krekorian Edmund A. , Kirsch Wolff M. , Wood Raymond P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractJuvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a histologically benign, locally invasive tumor of the nasopharynx that is found primarily in the pubescent male. While most authors recommend surgical excision for smaller, localized extracranial tumors, opinion varies on the management of more aggressive tumors with intracranial extension. The authors present their experience over the past 15 years with 15 cases of JNA with intracranial extension, and formulate a plan of management. A combined otolaryngologic/neurosurgical approach is recommended in order to assess the extent of the tumor and to isolate feeding vessels. Lateral extension into the middle cranial fossae should be resected in continuity with the nasopharyngeal component, which is approached from below in a separate operative field. Medial extensions are transected, verified angiographically three months after surgery, and irradiated. The results of therapy are presented, and a case of dural penetration by JNA is described.
Embryonic development of the head and neck: Part 3, the face
Authors: Wilson Doris B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe embryology of the face is presented with respect to changes affecting the mandible, maxilla, upper and lower lips, palate, nose, and oral cavity. The embryonic development of the teeth and salivary glands is also included. Various facial clefts, including cleft lip and cleft palate, are discussed, in addition to some congenital anomalies affecting the nose and oral cavity.
Transoral mandibulectomy in advanced osteoradionecrosis
Authors: Klein James Cyrus 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBecause vascularity is severely compromised following radiation therapy, aseptic necrosis with secondary infection and extensive bone destruction can result in an advanced state of osteoradionecrosis. Transoral mandibulectomy is an excellent method for dealing with this difficult problem. This article discusses technical aspects of the procedure as well as applied anatomy and a case report. Evidence in the recent literature concerning hyperbaric oxygen therapy is very encouraging.
Angiographic variant in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma
Authors: Shrewsbury Donald W. , Meyerhoff William L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 17‐year‐old male with juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma was found, on preoperative evaluation, to have a normal selective angiogram of the internal and external carotid artery system. Possible explanations for this variant include and atypical blood supply from the vertebral artery system, the thyrocervical trunks, or from an ascending pharyngeal artery that branched low from the external carotid artery.
Fluorescein test in the prediction of viability of skin flaps on pigs
Authors: Bardach Janusz , Panje William R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe fluorescein test is widely used in clinical and experimental studies for prediction of the viability of skin flaps. A thorough search of the literature revealed that the accuracy of this test had never been studied. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the accuracy of the fluorescein test in predicting the viability of skin flaps. A total of 212 unipedicle porcine skin flaps were used in this study. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the surviving area of the flap was significantly greater than the staining area of the flap. We suggest that caution be exercised when the fluorescein dye test is used to assess skin flap viability and that the test be used for an approximate indication and not for an accurate prediction of the surviving flap area.
Reconstruction of the pharynx and upper esophagus after resection for cancer
Authors: Desanto Lawrence W. , Carpenter Robert J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractConstruction of a new gullet after circumferential resection of the pharynx and upper portion of the esophagus for cancer is a major challenge to the head and neck surgeon. Techniques for reconstruction use cervical skin, adjacent pedicle flaps, and interposed visceral segments. Each technique has its place; none is ideal or free from complication or failure. Cure rates are poor, and unsolved problems remain. The quest for the perfect technique must continue, but the ultimate solution rests not with reconstruction techniques but with earlier diagnosis and elimination of the need for reconstruction.
The application of hair‐bearing flaps in head and neck surgery
Authors: Wilson J. S. P. , Galvao M. S. L. , Brough M. D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe history of hair‐bearing flaps is presented. A study of the vascular supply of the scalp with a particular emphasis on the posterior branch of the superficial temporal artery revealed that it was possible to transpose the entire scalp or any hairbearing flap on a long, highly mobile, narrow pedicle containing this vessel. Clinical application of this finding to postexcisional defects allowed the reconstruction of hairline, eyebrows, sideburns, and various shapes of beards and moustaches. The technique was used on 80 occasions to produce various cosmetic units and proved to be a safe procedure.
Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia: A disease that may be confused with malignancy
Authors: Barnes Leon , Koss William , Nieland Michael L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwelve new cases of an unusual, benign vasoproliferative and inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology, angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE), are described and contrasted clinically and pathologically with those appearing in the literature. Only recently recognized in the United States, the disease is of singular importance because the vascular component may be confused histologically with angiosarcoma, thereby resulting in unwarranted aggressive therapeutic measures. ALHE characteristically affects adults and presents in the head and neck region as either solitary or multiple cutaneous tumors. The lesions are pruritic, frequently bleed after minor trauma, and may be associated with peripheral eosinophilia and regional lymphadenopathy. On rare occasions, the disease may masquerade as a salivary‐gland tumor, cause stenosis of the external auditory canal, or present as an osseous lesion of the skull. Extrafacial tumors are uncommon. Excision is the most frequent form of therapy; however, local irradiation, corticosteroids, electrodessication with curettage, and chemotherapy have also had varying degrees of success.
Surgical treatment of midface deformities
Authors: Champy Maxime 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMidface deformities may be treated either by osteotomies that advance the maxilla or by osteotomies that retract the mandible. A transfacial technique is presented by which the cheekbones, the infraorbital rim, and the superior dental arch are advanced. The indications for this intervention are more widespread than those for Le Fort I osteotomies or mandibular osteotomies. Postoperative complications and risks of recidivism are reduced for this method because of the use of small screw‐on plates for frontomalar osteosynthesis. Fifty‐two cases of osteotomy are presented with special consideration of problems caused by bone grafting and post‐operative occlusion and with a discussion of the factors responsible for relapse.
Anatomy of the superficial temporal artery
Authors: Stock Alden L. , Collins Hamilton P. , Davidson Terence M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe anatomy of the superficial temporal artery was investigated in radiographic and cadaveric studies. The superficial temporal artery divides into an anterior and posterior branch, and the diameters of these vessels are similar. The anatomy of these two vessels is described, and implications for their use in reconstructive flaps are suggested.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Clinical course and results of therapy
Authors: Baker Shan R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNinety‐nine patients with carcinoma of the nasopharynx were reviewed. No significant relationship was found between T classification and survival or between tumor cell type and survival. The presence of regional metastases, however, did influence the outcome of therapy. A 5‐year survival of 34.4% was recorded for patients without nodal disease in contrast to 14% for patients with massive lymphadenopathy or bilateral cervical metastases. The significance of regional metastases is supported by the relationship between survival and disease stage. The 5‐year survival for stage I was 67%, while the average survival for stages III and IV was 21%. The average 3‐ and 5‐year survivals for the entire series of patients were 36.2% and 23.9%, respectively. Early lesions confined to the primary site have the greatest chance of cure, but even advanced disease with bone destruction or cranial nerve involvement may be controlled with radiotherapy in some cases. Patients who develop cervical metastases following successful control of nasopharyngeal tumor may be cured by radical neck dissection. Two (28.6%) of seven patients undergoing surgical treatment survived for 10 years following neck dissection.
A review of vascular anastomosis with mechanical aids and nonsuture techniques
Authors: Lee Sun , Wong Louis , Orloff Marshall J. , Nahum Alan M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDevices and techniques for nonsuture vascular anastomosis and for suture anastomosis with minimum blood flow interruption are reviewed from their beginnings in the late 19th century through the development of microvascular surgery in the 20th century. The various devices that have been invented fall into 3 basic categories: butt, flanged, and lapped joints. Although the development of microsurgical instruments and the improvement of suture materials have diminished the use of such mechanical aids in recent years, it is hoped that this historical overview will be of interest to investigators involved in the surgery of vessels of various calibers.
Craniospinal and cervicospinal malformations associated with maxillonasal dysostosis (binder syndrome)
Authors: Resche F. , Tessier P. , Delaire J. , Tulasne J. F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCraniospinal and cervicospinal malformations were found in 15 (53.5%) of 28 cases of maxillonasal dysostosis (Binder syndrome) in which a complete radiographic analysis could be done. These anomalies have not been reported previously. Analysis of the anomalies suggested a common induction factor, or, at least, a simultaneity in the development of the maxillonasal and vertebral dysplasias that characterize Binder syndrome. The following procedures are recommended: (1) examination of the cranial and cervical spine in all subjects with symptoms of Binder syndrome, and (2) regular examination of patients with spinal malformations, so that any neurologic damage may be detected early.
Embolization of hemorrhage caused by carcinoma of the pharynx
Authors: Griska Linda B. , Aghamohamadi Ali M. , Marlowe Frank I. , Gonzales Carlos F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA patient with severe bleeding due to carcinoma of the pharynx, uncontrollable by surgical intervention, was successfully treated by bilateral transcatheter embolization of the external carotid arteries using gel‐foam. Although these lesions may appear hypovascular angiographically, this does not preclude embolization as a valuable therapeutic technique. Our experience with this patient indicates that transcatheter embolization is an especially appropriate approach to controlling bleeding in patients with extensive malignant disease when no other therapy is available.
Internal jugular vein thrombosis
Authors: McNeill Roger 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis article presents 3 cases of internal jugular vein thrombosis secondary to central venous cannulation. Two patients were symptomatic with tender cervical swelling. In the third patient, the venous thrombosis was discovered as an incidental finding during major head and neck surgery. All patients responded to conservative management, and there were no instances of embolic phenomena.
Reconstruction of massive orbito‐maxillary‐cheek defects
Authors: Sako Kumao , Razack Mohamed S. , Kalnins Inars 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe problem of soft‐tissue reconstruction in patients who must undergo radical resection of the maxilla, orbit, and cheek is discussed. This problem is greatly complicated by previous radiation therapy or by the need for postoperative radiation therapy. Restoration of oral competence is of primary importance and usually cannot be satisfactorily accomplished with prosthetic appliances when a stable support base is lacking. An orderly reconstructive plan with a high success rate is of the utmost help to the surgeon facing this problem. A multistaged procedure utilizing a deltopectoral flap that has been successful in 7 patients is presented.
Management of thyroid nodules. II: Scanning techniques, thyroid suppressive therapy, and fine needle aspiration
Authors: Ashcraft Michael W. , Van Herle Andre J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFor the differentiation of benign from malignant thyroidal disease, ultrasound displays anatomic but not histologic features. Other visualization techniques can be used including isotope scanning (radioiodine, 99mtechnetium, 241americium fluorescence, 131cesium, 67gallium, 75selenomethionine, 201thallium, 32phosphorus, 99mTc‐bleomycin, 197mercury, 133xenon), thermography, x‐ray techniques (plain films, computed tomographic scan, xeroradiography, chest x‐ray, barium swallow, lymphography, angiography), and thyroid hormone suppression. Needle biopsy can be done by core biopsy (Vim‐Silverman and drill biopsy), large needle biopsy for histologic processing and fine needle aspiration for cytologic interpretation. The latter is the safest, most reliable, and most cost‐effective technique currently available to differentiate between benign and malignant thyroidal disease and has great promise for the future.
Mandibular “swing” approach for oral and oropharyngeal tumors
Authors: Spiro Ronald H. , Gerold Frank P. , Strong Elliot W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study reviews the history, indications, and operative technique for median mandibulotomy with paralingual extension (mandibular “swing”). A 21‐year experience is presented, during which this operative approach was used in 49 patients with tongue cancer and 16 others with oropharyngeal lesions. Mandibular “swing” appears to offer more versatility and fewer problems than either median labiomandibular glossotomy or lateral mandibulotomy. Good local control can be anticipated in properly selected patients because the tumor exposure is comparable to that achieved in operations involving jaw resection.
Management of neoplasms of the head and neck in children. I. Benign tumors
Authors: Handler Steven D. , Raney R. Beverly 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe otolaryngologist who treats children must have knowledge of the neoplasms that can occur in childhood. Such tumors are usually mesenchymal in origin and may be benign or malignant. Diagnosis and management of the more common benign tumors are undertaken by the otolaryngologist because local excision is generally curative. The proper treatment of malignant lesions requires a more extensive, multidisciplinary team, which includes a pediatric oncologist, diagnostic and therapeutic radiologist, and pathologist, in addition to the otolaryngologist. The purposes of this paper are to outline the types of benign and malignant neoplasms that occur in childhood and to discuss current approaches to therapy.