bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Cystic Fibrosis and Its Cross‐Reactivity With Anti‐Pseudomonas Antibodies
Authors: Israel Noel R. B. , Khanna Bhawna , Cutler Alan , Perry Marilyn , Caplan Daniel , Weatherly Mark , Gold Benjamin D. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTBackground:The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and its role in gastroduodenal disease in cystic fibrosis (CF) are controversial. Additionally, serologic determination of infection in this population may be inaccurate because of cross‐reactivity with other bacterial species. The seroprevalence of H. pylori in a cohort of patients with CF and its cross‐reactivity with Pseudomonas antibodies were investigated.Methods:A research enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and three commercial serologic assays (PyloriStat; BioWhittaker, Walkersville, MD, U.S.A.; Flexsure; SmithKline Diagnostics, Inc., San Jose, CA, U.S.A.; and HM‐CAP; EPI, Stony Brook, NY, U.S.A.) at three independent laboratories determined the seroprevalence of anti‐H. pylori IgG antibodies in 70 patients with CF. Cross‐reactivity between solid‐phase H. pylori antigens and Pseudomonas antibodies was ascertained by a competitive inhibition assay, preadsorbing sera of patients with CF with whole cell proteins from different Pseudomonas species, and serum reanalysis by each assay. Western blot analysis before and after adsorption was performed to identify potential cross‐reactive antigens.Results:The research ELISA, Flexsure, Pyloristat, and HM‐CAP initially showed H. pylori seropositivity of 47%, 28%, 24%, and 37%, respectively. Postadsorption seropositivity declined to 8%, 0%, 0%, and 15%, respectively. All patients with research ELISA true‐positive results were confirmed endoscopically to have H. pylori infection. Western blot analysis showed a 31‐kDa H. pylori protein with antigenic epitopes common to both bacterial species.Conclusions:Cross‐reactivity between solid‐phase H. pylori antigens and anti‐Pseudomonas antibodies occurs in patients with CF. A high index of suspicion should be assumed in evaluating results of serologic H. pylori tests in this population. Preadsorption of CF sera with Pseudomonas proteins should be used in serologic testing.
Pancake kidney and jejunal atresia: An uncommon dual anomaly detected prenatally—A case report
Authors: Bayrak Ayse Cigdem , Fadiloglu Erdem , Kayikci Umutcan , İdilman İlkay , Ozcan H. Nursun , Deren Ozgur 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPancake kidney is a renal fusion anomaly with only a few reported prenatal diagnoses. Other structural anomalies beyond the urogenital system may also be associated. This study describes a dual anomaly case detected prenatally, comprising of pancake kidney and jejunal atresia. A postnatal abdominal ultrasound confirmed both kidneys were fused in the midline at the aortic bifurcation level, along with a type 3b jejunal atresia. Based on the available limited evidence about pancake kidney, renal functions appear to remain largely preserved and unaffected as in our case according to 6 months of follow‐up. However, further investigation is needed to explore any potential association with chromosomal and structural abnormalities in selected cases.
Can peer feedback substitute for faculty feedback in predoctoral dental education?
Authors: Veremis Brandon M. , Granberg Luke , Ramaswamy Vidya , Popov Vitaliy , Katser Margarita S. , Danciu Theodora E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurpose/objectivesThe ability to give and receive feedback is a key skill to develop during predoctoral dental education, and the use of peer feedback specifically offers distinct benefits including a different understanding of material due to peers’ proximity of knowledge development and assisting with overburdened instructors. However, it is unclear if peer feedback offers similar quality to instructor feedback.MethodsDental students in two different graduation years provided quantitative and qualitative peer feedback on a case‐based oral and maxillofacial pathology simulation. The data from these exercises were aggregated and analyzed to compare the quality of qualitative feedback to course examination scores. Student perceptions of peer feedback were also recorded.ResultsThe mean quality of feedback was not correlated with course examination scores, though the number of times students gave high‐quality feedback and received high‐quality feedback was correlated with course examination scores. Student feedback overall had a lower quality than instructor feedback, though there was no significant difference between instructor feedback quality and the maximum student feedback quality received. Student perceptions of the utility of feedback were positive.ConclusionWhile instructor feedback is more reliable and consistent, our findings suggest that in most instances, at least one peer in moderate‐sized groups is able to approximate the quality of instructor feedback on case‐based assignments.
Threshold for stability of weak saturation
Authors: Bidgoli Mohammadreza , Mohammadian Ali , Tayfeh‐Rezaie Behruz , Zhukovskii Maksim 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe study the weak ‐saturation number of the Erdős–Rényi random graph , denoted by , where is the complete graph on vertices. In 2017, Korándi and Sudakov proved that the weak ‐saturation number of is stable, in the sense that it remains the same after removing edges with constant probability. In this paper, we prove that there exists a threshold for this stability property and give upper and lower bounds on the threshold. This generalizes the result of Korándi and Sudakov. A general upper bound on is also provided.
A serum‐induced gene signature in hepatocytes is associated with pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Hang Nghiem‐Rao T. , Johnson Jethro S. , Pan Amy , Atkinson Samantha N. , Behling Cynthia , Simpson Pippa M. , Holtz Mary L. , Weinstock George M. , Schwimmer Jeffrey B. , Salzman Nita H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivePediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing problem, but its underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We used transcriptomic reporter cell assays to investigate differences in transcriptional signatures induced in hepatocyte reporter cells by the sera of children with and without NAFLD.MethodsWe studied serum samples from 45 children with NAFLD and 28 children without NAFLD. The sera were used to induce gene expression in cultured HepaRG cells and RNA‐sequencing was used to determine gene expression. Computational techniques were used to compare gene expression patterns.ResultsSera from children with NAFLD induced the expression of 195 genes that were significantly differentially expressed in hepatocytes compared to controls with obesity. NAFLD was associated with increased expression of genes promoting inflammation, collagen synthesis, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Additionally, there was lower expression of genes involved in endobiotic and xenobiotic metabolism, and downregulation of peroxisome function, oxidative phosphorylation, and xenobiotic, bile acid, and fatty acid metabolism. A 13‐gene signature, including upregulation of TREM1 and MMP1 and downregulation of CYP2C9, was consistently associated with all diagnostic categories of pediatric NAFLD.ConclusionThe extracellular milieu of sera from children with NAFLD induced specific gene profiles distinguishable by a hepatocyte reporter system. Circulating factors may contribute to inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling and impair xenobiotic and endobiotic metabolism in pediatric NAFLD.
Timing of Complications in Open Airway Reconstruction
Authors: Shuman Elizabeth A. , Kim Yun J. , Rodman Jack , O'Dell Karla 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveTracheal resection (TR) and cricotracheal resection (CTR) are performed for patients with airway stenosis, tracheal tumor, and tracheoesophageal fistula. Post‐operative complications include airway edema requiring reintubation, hematoma, anastomotic dehiscence, restenosis, and death. Although these complications and associated risk factors have been well described, the time where clinical suspicion should be highest post operatively has not been characterized.MethodsPatients who underwent TR or CTR at a single center between 2015 and 2022 were reviewed. Variables including demographics and comorbidities were recorded. Rate, nature, and time in days of post‐operative complications were evaluated.ResultsSixty‐nine cases were reviewed. Average patient age was 46.8 years old and 63.8% were male. The average follow‐up period was 625 ± 724 days. 19 (27.5%) patients experienced one or more major complications including four (5.8%) who died. Eight (11.6%) patients required reintubation and 4 (5.8%) patients underwent revision tracheostomy. Most complications occurred within 8 days of surgery. Restenosis was noted an average of 42.6 days after surgery, with no new restenosis occurring after 3 months.ConclusionsIn this single‐center study, most post‐operative complications after TR or CTR, including hematoma and anastomotic dehiscence, occurred within 8 days post‐operatively. Restenosis was noted approximately 1–3 months after surgery. This may inform clinical decision‐making regarding patient monitoring and surveillance after open airway surgery.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:3527–3531, 2024
Physics‐Aware Analytic‐Gradient Training of Photonic Neural Networks
Authors: Zhan Yuancheng , Zhang Hui , Lin Hexiang , Chin Lip Ket , Cai Hong , Karim Muhammad Faeyz , Poenar Daniel Puiu , Jiang Xudong , Mak Man‐Wai , Kwek Leong Chuan , Liu Ai Qun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhotonic neural networks (PNNs) have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional electronic neural networks. However, the training of PNNs, especially the chip implementation of analytic gradient descent algorithms that are recognized as highly efficient in traditional practice, remains a major challenge because physical systems are not differentiable. Although training methods such as gradient‐free and numerical gradient methods are proposed, they suffer from excessive measurements and limited scalability. State‐of‐the‐art in situ training method is also cost‐challenged, requiring expensive in‐line monitors and frequent optical I/O switching. Here, a physics‐aware analytic‐gradient training (PAGT) method is proposed that calculates the analytic gradient in a divide‐and‐conquer strategy, overcoming the difficulty induced by chip non‐differentiability in the training of PNNs. Multiple training cases, especially a generative adversarial network, are implemented on‐chip, achieving a significant reduction in time consumption (from 31 h to 62 min) and a fourfold reduction in energy consumption, compared to the in situ method. The results provide low‐cost, practical, and accelerated solutions for training hybrid photonic‐digital electronic neural networks.
Improving Photoelectron Localization to Significantly Enhanced Broadband Orange‐Light Emission in Hybrid Antimony Halides with Sb─Cl Secondary Bonding
Authors: Yuan Jiantao , Qi Zhikai , Zhang Jian , Zhang Nan , Zhang Xian‐Ming 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHybrid ns2 metal halides have attracted extensive attention due to the unique photophysical behavior. However, the reasonable improvement of photoluminescence efficiency by accurate structural modulation remains a great challenge. Herein, two kind of antimony halides with formulae as (S)/(R)‐[C6H16N2]3[SbCl5]2·2Cl ((S)/(R)‐1·2Cl) and (S)/(R)‐[C6H16N2]2[SbCl5]2 ((S)/(R)‐2) ([C6H16N2]2+ = 1,2‐Diaminocyclohexane) are developed, in which 0D [Sb4Cl20]8− clusters and 1D infinite [SbCl5]n2n− polyanion chains are adopted, respectively. The stoichiometric tunability enables metastable (S)/(R)‐1·2Cl being transformed to dynamic stable (S)/(R)‐2. All compounds contain a large number of Sb─Cl secondary bonds because of the strong chemical activity of 5s2 electrons. The obtained compounds exhibit broadband orange‐light emission, while photoluminescence quantum yield of (S)/(R)‐2 is significantly enhanced to ≈76% due mainly to the generation of more localized electrons onto 1D chains. Experimental and computational results reveal that efficient broadband emission derives from the synergistic emission of singlet and triplet states, where the presence of shallow trap energy levels leads to anti‐thermal quenching behavior. Furthermore, the highly efficient photoluminescence property allows (S)‐2 to become excellent down‐conversion phosphor for white‐light emitting diode. This work proves that exploring structure‐property relationship in hybrid systems is helpful in promoting the rapid development of high‐performance broadband emission metal halides.
Thermal properties of poly(vinyl butyral)/iron oxide composite nanofibers
Authors: Kalaoglu‐Altan O. I. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the present study, iron(II, III) oxide nanoparticles are added to the electrospinning solution of poly(vinyl butyral) in order to yield electrospun composite poly(vinyl butyral)/iron oxide nanofibers. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses confirm the successful incorporation of iron(II, III) oxide nanoparticles in the nanofibers. Differential scanning calorimetry results show a decrease of approximately 6 °C in the glass transition temperature of the nanofibers with the addition of 1.0 % iron(II, III) oxide nanoparticle compared to neat poly(vinyl butyral) nanofibers. The infrared thermograms suggest the formation of a thermally conductive network for poly(vinyl butyral)/iron oxide nanofibers with faster and more evenly heat dissipation compared to that of neat poly(vinyl butyral) nanofibers while thermal conductivity coefficient of the poly(vinyl butyral) nanofibers is found to increase by 57 % with 1.0 % of nano iron oxide loading. The increased thermal conductivity and thermal absorptivity values suggest the cooling effect of the poly(vinyl butyral)/iron oxide composite nanofibers, which are promising materials for thermal management applications.
Effect of groove angle on residual stress and deformation of super duplex stainless steel SAF 2507 and austenitic stainless steel 316L dissimilar plasma arc welding
Authors: Hong X. , Huang B. , Li T. , Zheng J. , Zhu Y. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPlasma arc welding of super duplex stainless steel SAF 2507 and austenitic stainless steel 316L was carried out by using V‐grooves with different groove angles. In order to predict the temperature distribution during the welding process, the Simufact Welding finite element software was used to establish an equivalent heat source to simulate the plasma arc welding process. The equivalent heat source consists of Goldak heat source and conical heat source. In mechanical simulation, the elastoplastic behavior with isotropic hardening is realized. The numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental results. The results show that with the increase of groove angle, the equivalent stress, transverse residual stress, longitudinal residual stress and overall deformation of SAF 2507/316L dissimilar steel welded joint decrease gradually, and the overall deformation of the joint increases gradually. The groove angle has little influence on the equivalent stress, transverse residual stress and overall deformation, but has great influence on the longitudinal residual stress and Z‐direction deformation. Comprehensive analysis of the stress and deformation results under four groove angles shows that the groove angle is too large or too small, which has a great influence on the stress and deformation of the weldment. The groove angle of 60° is better for SAF 2507/316L dissimilar steel welding.
Exploring the Regulatory Effect of Tegillarca granosa Polysaccharide on High‐Fat Diet‐Induced Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice Based on Intestinal Flora
Authors: Yang Xingwen , Yao Shiwei , Jiang Qihong , Chen Hui , Liu Shulai , Shen Guoxin , Xiang Xingwei , Chen Lin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo explore the potential mechanism of action of Tegillarca granosa polysaccharide (TGP) in treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the study conducts in vivo experiments using male C57BL/6 mice fed a high‐fat diet while administering TGP for 16 weeks. The study measures body weight, liver weight, serum biochemical markers, pathological histology, liver lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and inflammation‐related factors, lipid synthesis and metabolism‐related gene and protein expression, and the composition and abundance of intestinal flora. Additionally, short‐chain fatty acid (SCFAs) content and the correlation between intestinal flora and environmental factors are measured. The results show that TGP effectively reduces excessive hepatic lipid accumulation, dyslipidemia, abnormal liver function, and steatosis in the mice with NAFLD. Moreover, TGP effectively regulates intestinal flora disorder, increases the diversity of intestinal flora, and affects the relative abundance of specific bacteria while also increasing the content of SCFAs. These findings provide a basis for exploring the regulatory effect of T. granosa polysaccharide on NAFLD based on intestinal flora and highlight its potential as a natural liver nutraceutical.
Beam‐tilting antenna with low profile and increased gain for 5G mobile applications
Authors: Bharath Kunooru , Srujana Vahini N. , Dasari Rama Krishna , Abegaonkar Mahesh P. , PandhariPande V. M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA low‐profile beam‐tilting antenna with enhanced gain at millimeter‐wave frequency for future 5G mobile applications is designed, and measured results are presented. The mechanism of beam tilting is explained using the proposed printed rectangular loop dipole antenna (RLDA) with three directors that operate at 37 to 40 GHz. The proposed design includes a printed RLDA, one rectangular director sandwiched between two reverse L‐shape directors separated by a 0.05λ0 gap and located 0.35λ0 from the antenna. The measured results, which are well accepted with simulations, show that the antenna's main beam in the E‐plane tilts between ±20° with respect to the end‐fire direction over 37 to 40 GHz. A gain enhancement of 3 dB is obtained with no beam tilt, whereas a gain enhancement of 1.5 dB is obtained with the tilted beam in comparison to the printed RLDA. The proposed design is smaller in size, with a footprint of 10.2 mm × 5 mm (1.3λ0 × 0.64λ0).
Migrant children's take‐up of social health insurance: Experimental evidence from China
Authors: Shen Menghan , Tang Zhiwei , Liang Xiaoxia , Ye Xiaoyang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThere is mounting evidence on the importance of health insurance for children's health and well‐being. However, many disadvantaged families do not enroll their eligible children in social health insurance programs. This study examines the effectiveness of interventions aimed at increasing social health insurance enrollment for disadvantaged migrant children in Guangzhou, China. We conducted a two‐stage randomized controlled trial with a 3 × 2 design: (1) randomly assigning parents to a control group or one of two treatment groups, where they received digital information on eligibility or eligibility plus comparative benefits and costs; and (2) nudging half of the parents with text message reminders about the enrollment deadline. Informing parents about eligibility alone did not have any impact. However, providing information on eligibility plus comparative benefits and costs increased enrollment in social health insurance in Guangzhou by over 44% (9.4 percentage points). Nudging produced no significant impact. Exploiting treatment group assignment as an instrument for coverage, we were unable to detect any positive effects of having social health insurance in the first year after the intervention.
Recent advances and challenges in thermal stability of PVA‐based film: A review
Authors: Suleiman Gasim Sebit Ahmed , Zeng Xu , Chakma Rupesh , Wakai Ibrahim Y. , Feng Yakai 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFood packaging film is being developed using biodegradable polymers to prolong the shelf life of foods and address the environmental damage caused by non‐biodegradable plastics. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is a biodegradable polymer with outstanding characteristics and can be easily shaped into a film. However, PVA‐based film still faces several obstacles that seriously restrict its practical application in the food packaging industry, particularly its low thermal stability limits the film process method. The growing preference demand for PVA‐based films with enhanced thermal stability in food packaging can be attributed to their advantageous characteristics, including commendable temperature resistance, safety, versatile processing capabilities, and prolonged shelf life. It is critical to comprehend the difficulties with PVA thermal degradation behavior and mechanism, and how to address this problem. In this review, we provide strategies for improving the thermal stability of PVA film including modification with environmentally friendly polymers, nanoparticles, and crosslinking agents. Also, the current challenges, and the potential for future advancements in the thermal stability of PVA and its composites are proposed. The new insight into the relationship between PVA based film processing and thermal properties of materials are expected to provide a valuable guide for developing PVA films with high thermal stability.
Alternative electrolyte solutions for untargeted breath metabolomics using secondary‐electrospray ionization high‐resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Wüthrich Cedric , Zenobi Renato , Giannoukos Stamatios 
Published: February 2024

RationaleSecondary‐electrospray ionization (SESI) coupled with high‐resolution mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for the discovery of biomarkers in exhaled breath. A primary electrospray consisting of aqueous formic acid (FA) is currently used to charge the volatile organic compounds in breath. To investigate whether alternate electrospray compositions could enable different metabolite coverage and sensitivities, the electrospray dopants NaI and AgNO3 were tested.MethodsIn a proof‐of‐principle manner, the exhaled breath of one subject was analyzed repeatedly with different electrospray solutions and with the help of a spectral stitching technique. Capillary diameter and position were optimized to achieve proper detection of exhaled breath. The detected features were then compared using formula annotation. Using an evaporation‐based gas standard system, the signal response of the different solutions was probed.ResultsPrincipal component analysis revealed a substantial difference in features detected with AgNO3. With silver, more sulfur‐containing features and more unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds were detected. Furthermore, more primary amines were potentially ionized, as indicated by van Krewelen diagrams. In total, twice as many features were unique to AgNO3 than for other electrospray dopants. Using gas standards at known concentrations, the high sensitivity of FA as a dopant was demonstrated but also indicated alternate sensitivities of the other electrospray solutions.ConclusionsThis work demonstrated the potential of AgNO3 as a complementary dopant for further biomarker discovery in SESI‐based breath analysis.