bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infant leukemia in Japan: Clinical and biological analysis of 48 cases
Authors: Ishii Eiichi , Okamura Jun , Tsuchida Masahiro , Kobayashi Masao , Akiyama Yuichi , Nakahata Tatsutoshi , Kojima Seiji , Hanada Ryoji , Horibe Keizo , Sato Takeyuki , Komada Yoshihiro , Kimura Ken , Sakaguchi Chiaki , Hosoya Ryota , Oda Megumu , Tsunematsu Yukiko , Kawa Keisei , Konishi Shozaburo , Tsukimoto Ichiro , Matsuyama Kohji , Ueda Kazuhiro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForty‐eight Japanese infants with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) (n = 24) and acute nonlymphoid leukemia (ANLL) (n = 24) were analyzed on the basis of clinical and laboratory data. Morphologically, 20 of the 24 infants with ALL were of the FAB L1 type, and 20 of the 24 infants with ANLL were of the M4 or M5 type. Markedly enlarged liver and spleen, and hyperleukocytosis (more than 50,000/μl) were seen in 9, 12, and 14 infants with ALL and 10, 11, and 10 infants with ANLL, respectively. Initial CNS leukemia was evident in 2 infants. Chromosome studies of the leukemic cells showed abnormal karyotypes in 9 of the 21 infants with ALL and 19 of the 22 infants with ANLL, consisting mainly of translocation 11, 12, and inversion 16. By surface marker analysis, only 7 of the 22 infants with ALL (32%) were diagnosed as having common ALL (HLA‐DR+, CD19+, CD10+). Of the 15 infants with ANLL, 12 and 5 infants also showed reactivity to HLA‐DR and CD19, respectively. All of the 5 ANLL infants with lymphoid markers showed different leukemic cell features at the time of relapse. Twelve of the 19 infants with ALL (63%) who achieved a complete remission relapsed within the first 2 years; 8 of the 21 with ANLL (38%) relapsed within the first year. Analysis of event‐free survival shows that the ALL infants with hyperleukocytosis have a poorer prognosis than those without hyperleukocytosis (p < 0.05). Infant leukemia originates in a multipotent cell with lymphoid and myeloid features, and intensive multiagent chemotherapy is necessary for the treatment of infants with acute leukemia.
Prognostic factors in 951 nonmetastatic rhabdomyosarcoma in children: A report from the international rhabdomyosarcoma workshop
Authors: Rodary Chantal , Gehan Edmund A. , Flamant Françoise , Treuner JÖRn , Carli Modesto , Auquier Ariane , Maurer Harold 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA total of 951 newly diagnosed patients with nonmetastatic rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) under 21 years of age from four different cooperative study groups were analyzed to identify the most important pretreatment tumor characteristics in predicting survival. The patient characteristics considered were tumor invasiveness (T), tumor size, status of locoregional lymph nodes, and primary site. The cooperative groups and studies analyzed were: SIOP [RMS‐75 (1975–1984)], the intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study [IRS‐II (1978–1982)], Federal Republic of Germany [CWS‐81 (1981–1986)] and Italy [RMS‐79 (1979–1986)], each study involving a different therapeutic protocol. Patient characteristics identified as having a significant relationship to survival by univariate analysis were (favorable features given in brackets): tumor invasiveness [T1], tumor size [ ⩽ 5 cm], status of locoregional lymph nodes [clinically negative], and primary site [orbit and genitourinary nonbladder prostate (GU‐non‐BP) sites]. T2tumors tended to have large size (>5 cm), to be associated with positive nodes, and to have a different distribution by primary site than T1, tumors. A multivariate Cox regression analysis of the pooled data identified tumor invasiveness (T), primary site, and the interaction between T and primary site as significant predictive factors for survival. The prognosis of orbital tumors was consistently favorable regardless of T status, whereas the prognosis for “other sites” was consistently unfavorable. International cooperation in this study has permitted the identification of good and poor risk patient subgroups, permitting the focusing of therapeutic protocols to particular risk groups and setting the stage for common future therapeutic protocols for rare subgroups of patients.
Rhabdomyosarcoma of the larynx in children: A series of five patients treated in the Institut Gustave Roussy (Villejuif, France)
Authors: Kato Mara A. D. P. , Flamant Françoise , Terrier‐Lacombe Marie José , Habrand Jean‐Louis , Schwaab Guy , Luboinski Bernard , Valteau‐Couanet Dominique , Lemerle Jean 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRhabdomyosarcoma of the larynx is a malignant disease rerely seen in children. We present five cases (3 males, 2 females) observed among 126 patients with rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck (excluding the orbit) treated in the Institut Custave‐Roussy between 1955 and 1981.The patients were aged between 51/2 years and 131/2 years at the time of diagnosis. The presenting symptoms were dysphonia and/or dyspnea; tracheotomy was required in two cases. All five patients received chemotherapy consisting of vincristine, cyclophosphamide, actinomycin D + procarbazine or doxorubicine. Four patients also received radiotherapy (45 Gy during 5 weeks). Laryngectomy was not performed. Treatment sequelae included regional hypoplasia, huskiness, and subclinical thyroid insufficiency; two patients developed a benign thyroid adenoma. One patient presented a bilateral carotid stenosis subsequent to radiotherapy performed on “wide fields” portal designed to provided prophylactic treatment on uninvolved lymph nodes. All the patients are alive and relapse‐free with a follow‐up of between 13 and 17 years.This small series of RMS of the larynx shows that patients can be cured without laryngectomy, although long‐term sequelae associated with radiotherapy are observed.
Phase II trial of bisantrene for metastatic melanoma: An illinois cancer council study
Authors: Stiff Patrick J. , Sweet Donald , Kilton Lary J. , Johnson Carole M. , Muntean Betty , Blough Richard R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSixteen patients with metastatic melanoma entered this phase II study of the efficacy of monthly cycles of Bisantrene. Toxicity was characterized by leukopenia, resulting in the hospitalization of one patient for a febrile incident, and superficial phlebitis. The results were similar to those of previous studies, in that among the 13 patients evaluable for response (six previously untreated with chemotherapy) there were no responses.
Lower incidence of meningeal leukemia when prednisone is replaced by dexamethasone in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Jones Barbara , Freeman Arnold I. , Shuster Jonathan J. , Jacquillat Claude , Weil Marise , Pochedly Carl , Sinks Lucius , Chevalier Louise , Maurer Harold M. , Koch Kjell , Falkson Geoffrey , Patterson Richard , Seligman Barbara , Sartorius Jurg , Kung Faith , Haurani Farid , Stuart Marie , Burgert E. Omer , Ruymann Frederick , Sawitsky Arthur , Forman Edwin , Pluess Hansjuerg , Truman John , Hakami Nasrollah , Glidewell Oliver , Glicksman Arvin S. , Holland James F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn 1971, Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) mounted a study of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) that compared the effects of the two steroid hormones dexa‐methasome and prednisone. Six‐hundred‐forty‐six children and adolescents with ALL were randomized to receive either prednisone or dexamethasone as part of their remission induction therapy. The 493 evaluable patients who achieved complete remission received the same steroid as pulses throughout remission. Specific central nervous system (CNS) therapy was randomized to either six injections of intrathecal methotrexate (IT MTX) alone or to six injections of IT MTX with cranial radiation (2,400 cGy). Both cranial radiation and dexamethasone offered increased protection against CNS relapse as the first site of failure over IT MTX alone. There were 30 CNS relapses among 238 patients (12.6%) receiving cranial radiation plus IT MTX, whereas there were 70 CNS relapses among 225 (P < 0.001) (22.5%) in those who received IT MTX alone. Similarly, there were 33 CNS relapses among 231 (14.3%) children treated with dexamethasone, whereas there were 67 CNS relapses among 262 (25.6%) treated with prednisone (P = 0.017). Both steroids appeared equal in protecting the bone marrow. Recent national studies have shown significant improvements in preventing CNS relapse over the results in the present report. However, this finding warrants further investigation and, with further documentation, could lead to the substitution of prednisone by dexamethasone to aid further in preventing CNS relapse. This may be particularly important in patients at higher risk for CNS relapse.
Cisplatin ototoxicity in children: A practical grading system
Authors: Brock Penelope R. , Bellman Susan C. , Yeomans Elizabeth C. , Pinkerton C. Ross , Pritchard Jon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA long‐term follow‐up study was carried out to assess ototoxicity in children who had been treated for a malignant tumour with “standard dose” cisplatin (60–;100 mg/m2 per course), and were at least 2 years from stopping treatment. The median age at diagnosis was 2 years 2 months (range 1 month to 13.5 years). On the basis of hearing assessment by pure‐tone audiometry, a practical grading system of hearing loss from 0 to 4 is proposed. Moderate to severe high‐frequency hearing loss (grade 2–4) was found in half the children and 10 require appropriate hearing aids. The risk of developing ototoxicity increased significantly with the cumulative cisplatin dose (P = 0.027), although there was considerable individual susceptibility. Serial follow‐up testing, to a median of 4 years after completion of cisplatin treatment, showed no recovery of hearing in any of these children. We suggest careful monitoring of young children by a consultant audiological physician, throughout treatment with cisplatin, particularly when doses of 400 mg/m2 and over have been reached. Alternative chemotherapy should be discussed if grade 2 ototoxicity develops.
Functionally active ganglioneuroma with increased plasma and urinary catecholamines and positive iodine 131‐meta‐iodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy
Authors: Clerico Anna , Jenkner Alessandro , Castello Manuel A. , Ciofetta Gianclaudio , Lucarelli Claudio , Codini Michela 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGanglioneuromas are usually considered not to be functionally active. Studies of their catecholamine excretory pattern and of their imaging by means of the adrenergic tracing agent 131‐l‐MIBG have been therefore sparse.We report on a case of secretory ganglioneuroma, as demonstrated by the increased urinary excretion of the catecholamine metabolites HVA and VMA, increased plasma dopamine and epinephrine levels, and positive 131‐l‐MIBG scintigraphy.We must therefore be aware that a functionally active tumor is not necessarily a neuroblastoma, and that the diagnosis should be biopsy proven.
Midazolam premedication for pediatric bone marrow aspiration and lumbar puncture
Authors: Friedman Alice G. , Mulhern Raymond K. , Fairclough Diane , Ward Pamela M. , Baker Donald , Mirro Joseph , Rivera Gaston K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe ability of midazolam, a benzodiaz‐epine, to reduce the distress associated with lumbar puncture and bone marrow aspiration was examined in 23 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Patients were randomized to receive 0.2 mg/kg midazolam HCI or placebo intravenously 3‐5 min before the procedures, under double‐blind conditions. Based on prior experiences, children in both groups anticipated severe pain from these procedures. Postprocedure pain ratings by patients were markedly reduced in the midazolam but not the placebo group. Both physicians and parents judged the midazolam group as significantly less distressed than controls during and after the procedures. Trained observers recorded significantly fewer pain‐ and anxiety‐related behaviors in the midazolam group immediately before and after, but not during the procedures. The amnestic effects of midazolam, confirmed in a visual recall/recognition test, appear to account for the decreased pain ratings since the behavioral manifestations were similar in the two groups. There were no adverse drug reactions or significant changes in vital signs. Midazolam warrants further investigation as a premedication for painful diagnostic and treatment procedures in children with cancer.
Basal cell carcinoma in young patients after irradiation for childhood malignancy
Authors: Dinehart Scott M. , Anthony John L. , Pollack Sheldon V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree patients underwent cranial irradiation as part of treatment for childhood malignancy. Two of these patients had acute lymphocytic leukemia and one had an astro‐cytoma. All had longlasting remissions from their childhood malignancy but 8–15 years later developed a basal cell carcinoma of the scalp within previous radiation portals. The basal cell carcinomas were all treated successfully using Mohs micrographic surgery. Follow‐up of patients receiving irradiation for childhood malignancy should include periodic cutaneous examinations of previously irradiated sites.
Behavioral effects of corticosteroids in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Drigan Rosemary , Spirito Anthony , Gelber Richard D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe evaluated the behavior of 38 children with standard‐risk and high‐risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia who received corticosteroids as part of their antileukemia chemotherapy. Each patient was assessed on two occasions: 16 weeks following remission and 1 year thereafter. Parent reports on emotional lability, attention span/hyperactivity, sleep disturbance, listlessness, peer relations, and depressed mood were obtained for 4 consecutive weeks: week before, week during, and 2 weeks after treatment administration. At the 16 week evaluation, standard‐risk (N = 17) and high‐risk (N = 21) treatment differed by steroid dose and systemic chemotherapy, while at the 1 year testing, treatment differed only by steroid dose (prednisone 40 mg/m2 vs. 120 mg/m2). Statistically significant changes in all measures were observed during treatment as compared with before and after treatment for both risk groups and assessment times. High‐risk patients exhibited greater behavioral effects than standard‐risk patients only for emotional lability, listlessness, and depressed mood at the 16 week testing, when both steroid dose and chemotherapy differed. Girls had slightly greater behavioral effects than boys, while no influence of age was observed. At the doses tested, steroid dose per se does not appear to be the primary variable affecting behavioral changes.
Serum‐soluble interleukin‐2 receptors in B‐cell lymphoproliferative malignancies
Authors: Pavlidis Nicholas A. , Manoussakis Menelaus N. , Germanidis George S. , Moutsopoulos Haralampos M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe levels of soluble interleukin‐2 receptors (sIL‐2R) were determined in the serum of 53 patients with B‐cell lymphoproliferative malignancies, including 31 patients with non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), 16 with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and 6 with multiple myeloma. In addition, serum samples from 40 patients with various solid tumors as well as from 53 healthy individuals were used as controls. It was found that the mean serum levels of sIL‐2R were significantly increased (P < 0.001) in NHL (mean ± standard error of the mean 2,327 ± 320 units/ml) and CLL patients (2517 ± 451 units/ml) as compared to normal controls (207 ± 17 units/ml). No such difference was observed when the serum sIL‐2R levels of patients with multiple myeloma or solid tumors were analyzed. Serum sIL‐2R levels were closely related to the clinical stage, the presence of B‐symptoms, and the disease activity of patients with NHL and CLL. In fact, response to chemotherapy was followed by marked decrease or normalization of sIL‐2R levels, while in a number of patients sIL‐2R values were even able to predict disease relapse. Finally, no association with histologic grade in NHL patients, could be demonstrated.We conclude that serum sIL‐2R (1) are increased only in B‐NHL and B‐CLL but not in myeloma patients, (2) are related to the tumor burden, and (3) can serve as a valuable tumor marker for the monitoring of patients treatment.
Single institution experience with high‐dose cyclophosphamide, continuous infusion vincristine, escalating doses of VP‐16‐213, and total body irradiation with unpurged bone marrow rescue in children with neuroblastoma
Authors: Kletzel Morris , Becton David L. , Berry D. H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeven consecutive autologous bone marrow transplants were performed in children with neuroblastoma with very good partial remission (VGPR). A combination of cyclophosphamide, escalating doses of VP‐16‐213, continuous infusion vincristine, and total body irradiation followed by infusion with unpurged bone marrow was used. The dose‐limiting toxicity in this regimen was mucositis which occurred when the total dose of VP‐16‐213 was 2,400 mg/m2. The response rate to this regimen was 4/7 (‐CR 48+, 21+, 21+, 35+ mo) 3/7 had a CR/PR post transplant with progressive disease between 1 and 4 months later (mean 2.6 mo). We conclude that this regimen is well tolerated when the maximum dose of VP‐16‐213 does not exceed 1,800 mg/m2. Further evaluation will be necessary with this regimen to determine its therapeutic value in a larger number of patients with neuroblastoma.
Survival in Hodgkin's disease by stage and age
Authors: Kennedy B. J. , Loeb Virgil , Peterson Vida , Donegan William , Natarajan N. , Mettlin Curtis 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPatterns of care for Hodgkin's disease in the United States were surveyed through voluntary audits of hospitals with cancer programs nonapproved and approved by the Cancer Commission of the American College of Surgeons. Four hundred and seventy‐three hospitals reported 6,345 patients diagnosed immediately preceding December 31, 1975. The survival rates varied with age, being better at younger ages and worse in the elderly. By pathologic stage, the younger patients faired better than the elderly in each stage grouping. Histologic type was not a factor in this poor prognosis. Hodgkin's disease in elderly patients has a different biologic behavior than in younger patients.
Seizures and cortical dysfunction following high‐dose cisplatin administration in children
Authors: Highley Martin , Meller Simon T. , Pinkerton C. Ross 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFour of eight children with advanced neuroblastoma treated with a rapid delivery high dose intensity cisplatin based regimen developed acute neurological toxicity. Three had seizures and one developed transient blindness. In the absence of other causes it seems probable that high dose cisplatin (200 mg/m2) as a continuous infusion over five days followed 10 days later by 80 mg/m2 infused over 48 hours was responsible. Other risk factors included an associated deterioration in renal function and neutropenia related fever.
Neuroblastoma with intracranial involvement: An ENSG study
Authors: Shaw Peter J. , Eden Tim 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report the experience of the European Neuroblastoma Study Group (ENSG) with central nervous system (CNS) involvement of neuroblastoma. Among this series of intensively treated patients, CNS neuroblastoma was diagnosed by computerised tomography (CT) scanning, rather than by autopsy. Cranial disease occurred in 5% of ENSG patients. Of 11 patients with intracranial disease, 4 had disease in the posterior fossa, a site rarely reported previously. Furthermore, 5 cases had CNS metastases at a time when there was no detectable disease elsewhere, rather than as part of extensive relapse. The pattern of disease we observed, at least for those with parenchymal disease, is in keeping with arterial spread. Although CT scanning is the optimal modality for identifying CNS disease, 2 cases had normal head CT scans prior to the onset of CNS disease. As most patients had symptoms of raised intracranial pressure (RICP) at the time the CNS disease was diagnosed, there does not seem to be any indication for routine CT scanning of the head at diagnosis, but this should be performed as soon as any symptoms or signs appear. With patients living longer with their disease, vigilance must be maintained during follow‐up.
Isolated breast relapse after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Conter Valentino , D'Angelo Paolo , Rovelli Attilio , Uderzo Cornelio , Jankovic Momcilo , Bratina Giorgio , Masera Giuseppe 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUnusual sites of relapses following bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are rarely reported. We report the case of a 16‐year‐old girl who presented with an isolated right breast relapse 8 months after allogeneic BMT for ALL in second remission. Biopsy showed an ALL infiltrate. Bone marrow and CSF were normal. The girl never showed before extramedullary involvement. She was treated with local radiotherapy and mild systemic chemotherapy. Nine months after breast relapse, she presented an isolated central nervous system relapse. The treatment of isolated extramedullary relapses following BMT is still controversial.
Expression of myeloid differentiation antigens in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia: Increased concentration of CD33 antigen predicts poor outcome—A report from the childrens cancer study group
Authors: Dinndorf Patricia A. , Buckley Jonathan D. , Nesbit Mark E. , Lampkin Beatrice C. , Piomelli Sergio , Feig Stephen A. , Kersey John H. , Hammond G. Denman , Bernstein Irwin D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNinety‐eight cryopreserved specimens of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) cells obtained at initial diagnosis of children enrolled on the Childrens Cancer Study Group 251 protocol (CCG 251) were examined by indirect immunofluorescence using four monoclonal antibodies to myeloid differentiation antigens. The relationship between the level of differentiation of ANLL cells as determined by their antigen phenotype and the clinical outcome of treatment, including complete remission (CR) rate, survival, and event‐free survival, was evaluated. Most leukemic specimens were determined to express the CD33 antigen (L4F3), a 67‐kD protein. Because the level of differentiation of normal myeloid cells is reflected by the concentration of the CD33 antigen expressed, samples were categorized as CD33‐bright (immature) versus CD33‐dull (mature). Patients with CD33‐bright leukemic blasts had a marginally inferior CR rate to those with CD33‐dull blasts (P = 0.08). With respect to survival and event‐free survival, there was a significantly inferior outcome in the CD33‐bright patients (P = 0.04 and P = 0.06, respectively). Reactions of ANLL with anti‐CD15 antibody (1G10), anti‐CD36 antibody (5F1), or anti‐CD17 antibody (T5A7) did not predict clinical outcome. This study indicates that patients whose ANLL blasts displayed the CD33 antigen in an amount associated with immature myeloid cells experienced a worse outcome than patients with ANLL blasts that expressed a phenotype associated with more mature cells. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.