bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Certolizumab enhances spinal cord injury recovery in rats through inhibition of the TNF-α signaling pathway and neuronal apoptosis
Authors: Küçükatalay Ozan , Türk Çağlar , Gürel Çevik , Kuşçu Gökçe Ceren , Yüncü Mustafa Eren , Karakoyun İnanç , Akşit Murat , Sarıkaya Onur , Karadağ Ali , Çamlar Mahmut 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
Spinal cord injury (SCI), which is characterized by motor and/or sensory dysfunction, presents a significant health challenge resulting from mechanical trauma. Secondary injury, which follows the mechanical trauma and is driven by factors such as inflammation, plays a critical role in the SCI pathophysiology. Scientific evidence indicates that treatment strategies aimed at modulating inflammation during the acute phase of SCI alleviate the seconder injury. In this regard, the present study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of certolizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting TNF-α that is widely used in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, in a SCI model.

Methods
In this study, Control, Trauma, and Trauma + Certolizumab groups were established, each comprising eight male rats. One hour after SCI induction, rats in the Trauma + Certolizumab group were administered 10 µg Certolizumab dissolved in saline intraperitoneally, while rats in the Control and Trauma groups received an equivalent volume of saline. After Modified Tarlov Scoring was performed on the seventh day of the experiment, all rats were sacrificed. The effects of certolizumab on neuroinflammation and apoptosis in the SCI model were evaluated using histological, biochemical, and molecular analyses of blood and tissue samples obtained from the rats.

Results
Certolizumab downregulated the expression of TNF-α, NF-κB, and IL-6. In addition, as evidenced by the TUNEL assay, Caspase-3 expression (an apoptotic marker), and Modified Tarlov Score results, certolizumab effectively suppressed inflammation-induced neural apoptosis and alleviated locomotor deficits.

Conclusion
Certolizumab treatment exerts a neuroprotective effect against secondary damage in SCI through the inhibition of neuroinflammation and apoptosis.
"It has to do with timing and context”: Theoretical models as tools in formative interventions in research-practice partnerships
Authors: Ødegaard Kjersti Løken 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Partnerships between researchers and educators have become a common mode of working to support processes of school improvement. However, research on the processes and outcomes of long-term partnerships remains marginal. This paper increases our knowledge about the processes and experiences involved when researcher–interventionists introduce theoretical models as tools to facilitate reflection and change in long-term partnerships with upper secondary school leadership teams when working on specific challenges and dilemmas. Through an analysis of 41 hours of video data from Change Laboratories and 11 interviews with three upper secondary leadership teams in Norway, the paper examines what unfolds in such research-practice partnerships. The analysis is informed by cultural historical activity theory, with a focus on tools and mediation. The findings suggest that the introduction of theoretical models mediated the sharing of information and alignment of opinions and experiences, identifying issues and altering work procedures, but the participants found it challenging to utilise theoretical models perceived as more general and conceptual compared to those they regarded as organisation-specific and directly applicable. The paper argues that theoretical models may function as bridges to development by clarifying the object and stimulating change in research-practice partnerships, but to do so, researchers need to align the presentations of such models to context and timing.
Local structure propensities in disordered proteins from cross-correlated NMR spin relaxation
Authors: Braun Daniel , Kauffmann Clemens , Beier Andreas , Ceccolini Irene , Lebedenko Olga O. , Skrynnikov Nikolai R. , Konrat Robert 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Structurally diverse ensembles of intrinsically disordered proteins or regions are difficult to determine, because experimental observables usually report a conformational average. Therefore, in order to infer the underlying distribution, a set of experiments that measure different aspects of the system is necessary. In principle, there exists a set of cross-correlated relaxation (CCR) rates that report on protein backbone geometry in a complementary way. However, CCR rates are hard to interpret, because geometric information is encoded in an ambiguous way and they present themselves as a convolute of both structure and dynamics. Despite these challenges, CCR rates analyzed within a suitable statistical framework are able to identify conformations in structured proteins. In the context of disordered proteins, we find that this approach has to be adjusted to account for local dynamics via including an additional CCR rate. The results of this study show that CCR rates can be used to characterize structure propensities also in disordered proteins. Instead of using an experimental reference structure, we employed computational spectroscopy to calculate CCR rates from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and subsequently compared the results to conformations as observed directly in the MD trajectory.
Structural insights of AKT and its activation mechanism for drug development
Authors: Kumar B. Harish , Kabekkodu Shama Prasada , Pai K. Sreedhara Ranganath 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
AKT1, a serine/threonine kinase, is pivotal in signaling and regulating cell survival, proliferation, and metabolism. This review focuses on the structural insights and the essential features required for its active conformation. AKT belongs to the AGC kinase group and has three isoforms: AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3. AKT has three functional regions: PH domain, kinase domain, and hydrophobic motif. AKT1 activation involves intricate conformational changes, including transitions in the αC-in, DFG-in, G-loop, activation loop, and PH domain out, S-spine and R-spine formation, as well as phosphorylation at Thr 308 and Ser 473, which enable AKT1 to adopt active conformation. The analysis highlights the limitations of the AlphaFold-predicted AKT1 structure, which lacks key elements of the active state, including ATP, magnesium ion coordination, phosphatidylinositol-(1,3,4,5)-tetraphosphate, substrate peptide, and phosphorylation at Thr 308 and Ser 473. This study underscores the necessity of these features for stabilizing the kinase domain and facilitating efficient substrate phosphorylation. By consolidating structural insights and activation mechanisms, this review aims to inform the development of computational models and targeted therapeutics for AKT1 activators in diseases such as hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury, cerebral ischemia, acute hepatic failure, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and alzheimer’s disease.
Proxy reporting in health: a scoping review of instructions, perspectives, and reporting experiences
Authors: Dagne Henok , Doherty Kathleen , Campbell Julie , Saul Alice , Roydhouse Jessica 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Informal carers (‘proxies’), who typically provide unpaid care and have a personal relationship with the care recipient, are often asked to report on the health of individuals who are unable to self-report. However, this task is not without its challenges. Little is known about how proxies approach this task, which poses challenges for optimal questionnaire design.

Purpose
The review had three aims: (1) to identify the questionnaire perspective instructions provided to proxies i.e., whether the proxy was asked to answer from their own (proxy–proxy) or the person’s (proxy–patient) perspective when reporting, (2) identify which perspective instruction the proxies followed, if reported, and (3) what information, if any, was captured about the proxy’s experience of reporting about someone else. In the proxy–proxy perspective, proxies report from their own perspective, but in the proxy–patient perspective they report from the perspective of the person living with the condition.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted across Medline, Psych Info, CINAHL, and Embase. Only published articles meeting the criteria of informal carers providing proxy reports for adults were considered.

Results
Of 5816 publications, 60 articles were eligible for full-text review, and 12 were included for data extraction. Instructions varied, with proxies asked to adopt both proxy–proxy and proxy–patient perspectives in eight studies and only the proxy–patient in four of them. Whether proxies followed the provided instructions consistently is not known. Proxies’ reporting experiences were not reported in the included studies.

Conclusion
Proxies are provided with different perspective instructions, but proxy adherence to instructions is not known. Additionally, proxy reporting experience was not described. Providing clear instructions, evaulating proxy adherence to instructions and collecting proxies’ reporting experiences can inform optimal questionnaire design to help proxies better report about the health of others.

Review registration
Registered at open science framework: https://osf.io/j4t87.
Widerruf einer Einwilligung zur Anonymisierung: Möglich, aber ohne Auswirkungen
Authors: Kneuper Ralf 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
In seinem DuD-Beitrag untersucht Mannah die Herausforderungen beim Widerruf einer Einwilligung in
die Anonymisierung personenbezogener Daten. Anders als dort beschrieben ist das Widerrufsrecht auch in
diesem Fall anwendbar, da ein Widerruf die davor durchgeführte Verarbeitung nicht betrifft. Ein Widerruf
ist also möglich, auch wenn er ins Leere greift, wenn die Anonymisierung bereits abgeschlossen ist.
Situating high-level darknet drug vending: an emancipation from open and closed market drug dealing?
Authors: Joyce Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
While existing research has readily applied perspectives garnered from open and closed market dealing to conceptualise darknet drug vending, this has been done without clear empirical consideration of the applicability of traditional market dealing to darknet drug vending. This research addresses this gap by considering these three forms of drug dealing in light of key typological features: motivation, environment, methods, business model, and offender profile. These features are then applied to 80 arrest cases of high-level darknet vendors to determine their applicability in understanding vendor behaviour. The results show that high-level darknet drug vendors reflect the characteristics of their highly anonymised, libertarian market, distinguishing them from traditional drug sellers.
Sleep and binge eating in early adolescents: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Nagata Jason M. , Huynh Rachel , Balasubramanian Priyadharshini , Lee Christopher M. , Helmer Christiane K. , Ganson Kyle T. , Testa Alexander , He Jinbo , Lavender Jason M. , Kiss Orsolya , Baker Fiona C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To determine the prospective associations between sleep disturbance and binge-eating disorder and behaviors in a national sample of early adolescents in the United States (US).

Methods
We analyzed prospective cohort data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (N = 9428). Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the associations between several sleep variables (e.g., overall sleep disturbance, disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep [insomnia], duration; Year 2) and binge-eating disorder and behaviors (Year 3), adjusting for sociodemographic Year 2 binge-eating covariates.

Results
Overall sleep disturbance was prospectively associated with higher odds of binge-eating disorder (OR = 3.62, 95% CI 1.87–6.98) and binge-eating behaviors (OR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.17–2.16) 1 year later. Disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep were prospectively associated with higher odds of binge-eating disorder (OR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.05–1.19) and binge-eating behaviors (OR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.03–1.10). Sleep duration under 9 h was prospectively associated with greater binge-eating behaviors.

Conclusions
Sleep disturbance, insomnia symptoms, and shorter sleep duration were prospectively associated with binge eating in early adolescence. Healthcare providers should consider screening for binge-eating symptoms among early adolescents with sleep disturbance.

Level of evidence
Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case–control analytic studies.
Severe cognitive disability, medically complex children and long-term ventilation
Authors: Turnham Helen , Wilkinson Dominic 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Children with complex medical conditions including those with severe intellectual disability are living longer. For some, support with medical technology such as Long-Term Ventilation can prolong their lives further. Such technological supports can have significant implications for the child and her family and consume considerable resources though they can also offer real benefits. Sometimes clinicians question whether children with very severe cognitive impairments should have their life prolonged by technology, though they would be prepared to provide the same treatment in equivalent cases without cognitive disability. We describe and analyse four ways in which this view might be justified. Although it could be claimed that children with severe cognitive disability have lives that are not worth living, in most cases this view can and should be rejected. However, the burdens of life-prolonging technology may outweigh the benefits of such treatment either in the present or in the future. Consequently it might not be in their interests to provide such technology, or to ensure that it is provided as part of a time-limited trial. We also consider circumstances where medical technology could offer modest benefits to an individual, but resources are scarce. In the face of resource imitation, treatment may be prioritised to children who stand to benefit the most. This may in some circumstances, justify selectively withholding treatment from some medically complex children.
Additive manufacturing of Ni62Nb38 metallic glass via laser powder bed fusion
Authors: Frey Maximilian , Wegner Jan , Ruschel Lucas Matthias , Barreto Erika Soares , Riegler Sascha Sebastian , Adam Bastian , Ellendt Nils , Kleszczynski Stefan , Busch Ralf 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The binary Ni62Nb38 bulk metallic glass exhibits attractive mechanical properties like a yield strength of more than 3 GPa and a hardness of more than 900 Vickers. Due to its limited glass forming ability in casting processes, industrial applications of this impressive material are still pending. Additive manufacturing via laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) can allow to overcome these limitations. Therefore, we present the first PBF-LB/M parameter study on Ni62Nb38. We are able to achieve high densification and almost fully amorphous samples, thereby demonstrating the general applicability of PBF-LB/M to process binary amorphous Ni–Nb alloys. Furthermore, two challenges can be identified, which have to be addressed before additively formed Ni62Nb38 can be considered for commercial use. Future parameter fine-tuning must lead to fully vitrified samples, and one must also find a way to avoid crack formation during processing, which was found to be one of the main issues in the present study.
Crafting for Health: A Longitudinal Study of Job and Off-Job Crafting Changes during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Morstatt Anja Isabel , Bauer Georg F. , de Bloom Jessica , Roman Zachary J. , Tušl Martin , Kerksieck Philipp 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We examined the association between changes in employee job and off-job crafting and their self-rated health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further, we investigated how these associations differed across sample subgroups, contrasting differences in work location, living situation, and contractual changes (short-time work). We used four waves of a longitudinal dataset surveying NTotal = 783 German-speaking employees from Germany, Switzerland, and Austria from 2019 to 2021. We applied latent change score modeling and multigroup analyses to investigate our research questions. Results indicated that the mean job and off-job crafting and self-rated health trajectories remained relatively stable. However, we observed significant interindividual variance in job and off-job crafting changes. We found a consistent small positive relationship between crafting changes in both life domains over time, indicating that employees tended to change their crafting efforts similarly across domains. Additionally, job crafting increases between Waves 1 and 2 were linked to higher subsequent self-rated health at Wave 2, and similarly, off-job crafting increases between Waves 3 and 4 were linked to higher self-rated health at Wave 4. We observed only minor differences in this pattern across subgroups. Our results show how adaptive changes in crafting are linked to broader interindividual health differences and help identify groups who are not able to increase crafting during crises and thus could benefit from targeted support. Crafting can be an effective individual strategy for maintaining health, complementing organizational and public health measures. We encourage future research to incorporate temporal and contextual phenomena into crafting research.
Experimental and numerical evaluation of friction behaviour between hardwood timber and brick masonry in earth mortar: cyclic triplet shear test and pull-out test
Authors: Endo Yohei , Waki Y. , Goda T. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Brick masonry in earth mortar is a traditional construction technique still used in South and Southeast Asia. Timber beams and columns are often taken advantage of to improve the seismic performance of such structures. Nonetheless, the contribution of these timber elements has not been fully understood yet partially due to the complex friction behaviour between timber and masonry. In the present research, a cyclic loading triplet test is performed on two specimen types. In one type, units are fired solid bricks while in the other they are timber blocks. Joints are composed of earth mortar. Results between the two types are compared, paying attention to friction coefficients and damage patterns. Then, numerical analysis is performed to reproduce a previously performed pull-out test, taking advantage of the results obtained from the triplet test. Though the analysis, frictional behaviour between a timber beam and masonry wall in earth mortar was closely observed in terms of normal and shear stress distributions in the contact surfaces and the deformation of earth mortar. The test showed the contrasts of the frictional performance between brick–mortar and timber-mortar contact surfaces. The analysis suggested that it was effective to physically discretise earth mortar. In this way, frictional behaviour between a timber element and masonry wall was properly reproduced. This paper sheds light on the interaction between timber and brick masonry in earth mortar under lateral loading such as earthquakes.
Sphericity Test on Variance-Covariance Matrix with Monotone Missing Data
Authors: Sato Tetsuya , Yagi Ayaka , Seo Takashi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study considers the sphericity test, a specific test of variance-covariance matrix under monotone missing data for a one-sample problem. We provide the likelihood ratio (LR) and derive an asymptotic expansion of the likelihood ratio test (LRT) statistic and modified LRT statistic for the null distribution. We also derive the upper percentiles of the LRT statistic and modified LRT statistic when the null hypothesis holds, and provide approximate upper percentiles. Furthermore, we prove that the LR under monotone missing data is affine invariant under the null hypothesis. For complete data, we provide an asymptotic expansion of the LRT statistic and modified LRT statistic for the null distribution. Furthermore, we numerically evaluate the actual type I error rates for the approximate upper percentiles using Monte Carlo simulation and provide examples of the LRT statistic and modified LRT statistic and approximate upper percentiles under monotone missing data.
Molecular assessment of Chlamydia psittaci and Circovirus in psittacines from a CETAS in Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Antonio Edma Santos , Fraga Ricardo Evangelista , Sacramento Priscila , Freitas Ayane Lima de , Santana Ana Clara Barbosa , Barbosa Sabrina , Dominato Ramon Costa , Silva Janisete Gomes 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mistreatment and unsanitary conditions to which trafficked animals are subjected provide an environment conducive to the proliferation and dissemination of pathogens. The Centros de Triagem de Animais Silvestres (CETAS - Wild Animal Screening Centers), which receive trafficked animals, aim to release them back into the wild, thus making the investigation of pathogens essential. The objective of this study was to conduct an epidemiological study of infections by Chlamydia psittaci and Circovirus in psittacines from wildlife trafficking housed at a CETAS in Bahia. Cloacal swab and blood samples were collected from 135 psittacines, both residents and newly arrived in quarantine, housed at the CETAS in Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. The presence of pathogens was determined by conventional PCR. The PCRs consisted of amplifying the opmA gene and ORF1 to detect C. psittaci and Circovirus, respectively. For C. psittaci, three (2.2%) animals were diagnosed as positive, then treated with antibiotics, retested, and included in the CETAS population after testing negative for the bacterium. Among the 135 psittacines evaluated, 22 (16%) showed feathering abnormalities despite testing negative for Circovirus. This research was the first epidemiological survey of Circovirus infection in psittacines in Bahia and improved the sanitary safety of wildlife release programs.
Assesing Biochar and Compost from the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste on Nutrient Availability and Plant Growth of Lettuce in a Pot Experiment
Authors: Regkouzas Panagiotis , Manolikaki Ioanna , Diamadopoulos Evan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Biochars have a high variability in chemical composition, which is determined by types of feedstock and pyrolysis conditions. Elements, such as N, P, K and Ca, retained in biochar could be released and become available to plants. The aim of this study was to understand the effect of biochar and compost addition, derived from the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes at two different pyrolysis temperatures 3000C and 6000C, on phosphorus availability and plant growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativaL.) grown in an alkaline loam soil. This type of soil is widely available in Greece, leading us to investigate ways to increase its fertility. A 39 day growth period of lettuce was studied in a greenhouse in triplicate. Treatments comprised of control soils (no addition of biochar or compost), soils treated only with compost (5%) or biochar (5%), and combinations of biochar (5%) plus compost (5%). No fertilization was added. Plant shoot yield and height were determined along with elemental concentration (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu) and uptake of shoots. Results showed that biochar produced at 300℃ combined with compost significantly increased P uptake of lettuce. On the contrary, biochar produced at 600℃ plus compost, along with the two biochar-only treatments, significantly decreased Ca and Mg uptake of lettuce. N, K, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu uptakes were not affected by the application of biochar, compost or the combined treatments. Despite the significant increase of P uptake, plant height and shoot yield were not significantly influenced by any of the treatments.