bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface Bio‐engineered Polymeric Nanoparticles
Authors: Haidar Laura Libnan , Bilek Marcela , Akhavan Behnam 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSurface bio‐engineering of polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) has emerged as a cornerstone in contemporary biomedical research, presenting a transformative avenue that can revolutionize diagnostics, therapies, and drug delivery systems. The approach involves integrating bioactive elements on the surfaces of PNPs, aiming to provide them with functionalities to enable precise, targeted, and favorable interactions with biological components within cellular environments. However, the full potential of surface bio‐engineered PNPs in biomedicine is hampered by obstacles, including precise control over surface modifications, stability in biological environments, and lasting targeted interactions with cells or tissues. Concerns like scalability, reproducibility, and long‐term safety also impede translation to clinical practice. In this review, these challenges in the context of recent breakthroughs in developing surface‐biofunctionalized PNPs for various applications, from biosensing and bioimaging to targeted delivery of therapeutics are discussed. Particular attention is given to bonding mechanisms that underlie the attachment of bioactive moieties to PNP surfaces. The stability and efficacy of surface‐bioengineered PNPs are critically reviewed in disease detection, diagnostics, and treatment, both in vitro and in vivo settings. Insights into existing challenges and limitations impeding progress are provided, and a forward‐looking discussion on the field's future is presented. The paper concludes with recommendations to accelerate the clinical translation of surface bio‐engineered PNPs.
Role of pretty nanoflowers as novel versatile analytical tools for sensing in biomedical and bioanalytical applications
Authors: Dadi Seyma , Ocsoy Ismail 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn recent years, an encouraging breakthrough in the synthesis of immobilized enzymes in flower‐shaped called “organic‐inorganic hybrid nanoflowers (hNFs)” with greatly enhanced catalytic activity and stability were reported. Although, these hNFs were discovered by accident, the enzymes exhibited highly enhanced catalytic activities and stabilities in the hNFs compared with the free and conventionally immobilized enzymes. Herein, we rationally utilized the catalytic activity of the hNFs for analytical applications. In this comprehensive review, we covered the design and use of the hNFs as novel versatile sensors for electrochemical, colorimetric/optical and immunosensors‐based detection strategies in analytical perspective.
Trace determination of genotoxic impurity p‐toluene sulfonate alkyl esters in four active pharmaceutical ingredients by using on‐line column switching liquid chromatography
Authors: Jiang Yifei , Zhao Xuejia , Sun Shengnan , Lian Xiaofang , Liu Huiyi , Zheng Ruifang , Wang Yue , Yao Jing , Shan Guangzhi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSulfonate esters, one of the genetic impurities, have gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential to cause genetic mutations and cancer. In this study, we reported a novel on‐line column‐switching liquid chromatography method for the quantitative analysis of three p‐toluene sulfonate alkyl esters in active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The sensitivity was improved by large‐volume injection. A diluting modulation‐based sampling procedure was specifically devised to mitigate the impact of solvent effects and resolve the poor stability of isopropyl p‐toluene sulfonate alkyl ester. The established method was validated in terms of linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, stability, and robustness. The limit of quantitation level was determined to be 1 ng/mL (equivalent to 1 ppm relative to 1 mg/mL API samples). Besides, the method was applied for four APIs Tosuloxacin toluene sulfonate, Lapatinib toluene sulfonate, Nirapalib toluene sulfonate, and Capecitabine. The recoveries of all target analytes in the four‐drug substances were within 89%–110%. The expanded uncertainties of the measurements ranged from 6.8% to 8.4% at a coverage level of k = 2 and a confidence level of approximately 95%. The method described in this paper was compared with other published literature, demonstrating its simplicity and ease of standardization which could be further applied in the quality control and safety assessment of drug substances.
Toward generalizable structure‐based deep learning models for protein–ligand interaction prediction: Challenges and strategies
Authors: Moon Seokhyun , Zhung Wonho , Kim Woo Youn 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAccurate and rapid prediction of protein–ligand interactions (PLIs) is the fundamental challenge of drug discovery. Deep learning methods have been harnessed for this purpose, yet the insufficient generalizability of PLI prediction prevents their broader impact on practical applications. Here, we highlight the significance of PLI model generalizability by conceiving PLIs as a function defined on infinitely diverse protein–ligand pairs and binding poses. To delve into the generalization challenges within PLI predictions, we comprehensively explore the evaluation strategies to assess the generalizability fairly. Moreover, we categorize structure‐based PLI models with leveraged strategies for learning generalizable features from structure‐based PLI data. Finally, we conclude the review by emphasizing the need for accurate pose‐predicting methods, which is a prerequisite for more accurate PLI predictions.This article is categorized under:
Data Science > Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning
Data Science > Chemoinformatics
Structure and Mechanism > Computational Biochemistry and Biophysics
Impact of magnetized nanoparticle aggregation over a Riga plate with thermal radiation in water‐Al2O3 based nanofluid flow
Authors: Madhukesh Javali Kotresh , Paramesh Sorekunte Obaiah , Prasanna Gunderi Dhananjaya , Prasannakumara Ballajja Chandrappa , Khan M. Ijaz , Abdullaev Sherzod , Rasool Ghulam 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe nanoparticle (NP) volume fraction is a critical variable in fluid models, including the Brinkman, Einstein, and Maxwell designs. The temperature does not affect the nanofluid's normalized shear viscosity. The aggregation model elucidates such traits. Furthermore, the experimental results show a larger increase in the thermal conductivity of nano liquids than the values obtained using standard fluid models. The impact of nanoparticle aggregation (NPAgs) is ignored, which contributes to the disparity. Therefore, it is essential to study the thermal conductivity ratio while considering the kinematics of NPAgs. Therefore, the radiation impact is investigated here by examining NPAgs on the Riga surface in the context of a porous media. The circulation and temperature governing equations are transformed using suitable similarity variables into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The Runge‐Kutta‐Fehlberg 4‐5 order (RKF‐45) and shooting method is used to simplify the resulting equations numerically. The graphic representation illustrates the influence of many non‐dimensional factors on significant physical quantities. The velocity of the nanofluid has a positive correlation with the modified Hartmann number, whereas it demonstrates a negative correlation with the porosity parameter. A better thermal distribution occurs with higher levels of radiation constraint. The inclusion of a higher solid volume percentage results in a decrease in the velocity profile while concurrently improving the thermal distribution. It is worth noting that NPs that exhibit aggregation have a more prominent thermal distribution than those that do not aggregate, results in greater rate of thermal distribution in the former scenario. The present investigation outcomes will useful in advanced cooling systems, improving energy efficiency, material, environmental and biomedical engineering.
Bending edge wave on a functionally graded fluid‐saturated porous magneto‐electro‐elastic plate
Authors: Som Rahul , Manna Santanu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the localized wave propagation at the free edge of a thin semi‐infinite Magneto‐Electro‐Elastic (MEE) plate. The plate is supported by a two‐parameters elastic foundation. Biot's porosity theory is considered to formulate the porosity in the model, and the pore structure is saturated with an incompressible fluid. The Kirchhoff–Love plate theory determines the plate displacement field. A non‐homogeneity in the material parameters is considered, which varies with the spatial coordinate along the thickness direction of the plate. In order to illustrate the impacts of the surface elements on bending wave propagation, the model incorporates the surface elasticity theory. The short circuit boundary conditions are implemented to derive the general form of the potential function connected with the electric and magnetic fields, respectively. The dispersion relation for bending edge wave on a MEE fluid‐saturated porous plate is obtained by considering a sinusoidal waveform, which propagates along the free edge of the plate. A numerical method named Finite Difference (FD) scheme is employed to analyze the stability of the numerical scheme and also extract the expression of the velocity profiles of the bending edge wave in the absence of the pore structure. The impacts of the various parameters included in the considered model are examined using a numerical example, from which conclusions regarding their sensitivity are derived.
The Role of Women in Translation History: Translating and Collaborating in the Re-shaping of Italy in the Early Romantic Period
Authors: Agorni Mirella 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTranslation plays a crucial role in moments of transition, yet its role in the development of new modes of female expression has only recently started to be explored. The key reason for this neglect is the supposedly derivative nature of translation, seen as an activity secondary to original writing. I will argue that the specificity of women’s contribution to translation can prove to be a highly productive source for historical analyses of cultural developments. The focus on gender allows critics to question the definition of translation as a unitary category, effectively bringing to the fore a set of peripheral textual and interpersonal practices. The role played by early nineteenth-century women in the renewal of Italian literature and the introduction of new approaches to translation has not received sufficient attention. In this sense, the introduction of the pedagogical novel—a new genre for the Italian literary panorama—through translations by women is particularly relevant. It is in this context that Bianca Milesi, translator of Maria Edgeworth’s pedagogical writings, emerges as a cultural mediator and bearer of the social and liberal values of Italian Romanticism.
Gender and Education in Eighteenth-century Spanish American Newspapers
Authors: Meléndez Mariselle 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis essay focuses on the study of two main Spanish American colonial newspapers, Mercurio Peruano (1791–1795) and Papel periódico de la Ciudad de Santafé de Bogotá (1791–1797), to understand how the role of women regarding education was debated in articles authored about women and by women. It examines the role that these newspapers had as discursive artifacts of cultural and gender mediation when it came to the important topic of public education. My critical intervention departs from the idea that the geographic localities in which these discourses were originated impacted the way women’s roles in society were viewed by male editors while also underscoring how women themselves understood their contributions and place in it. Particular attention is paid to how such gender constructions were connected to European debates taking place at the time about how women ought to be educated.
A Woman Between Two Cities: Louise d’Épinay, Paris and Geneva
Authors: La Vopa Anthony J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn 1771–1772 Louise d’Épinay (1726–1783) wrote two letters from Paris to her friend abbé Ferdinando Galiani (1728–1787) in Naples that can fairly be called uncompromising statements of rationalist feminism. Of the many sources of her feminism, this essay will focus on a fundamental experience: her two-year visit to Geneva in the late 1750s for medical treatment. This visit gave her a new critical distance on the high society of Paris, from which she already felt alienated. It introduced her to a Republican political culture (although entirely seen through the eyes of the patriciate that ruled the city) and made her familiar with Stoic philosophy through her interactions with her physician Théodore Tronchin (1709–1781). Through her gigantic epistolary novel Histoire de Madame de Montbrillant, short essays she wrote in Geneva, and her correspondence with her partner Friedrich Melchior Grimm (1723–1807), I will show how the tensions between the Paris that had formed her and the Geneva that she felt transforming her generated her later feminist convictions. Those convictions took shape in a binary between an idealized Geneva, devoted to a work ethic and to civic duty, and a Parisian high society that she found superficial, false and devoted blindly to conspicuous consumption.
Containment of Crises
Authors: Braithwaite John 
Published: February 2024

AbstractVirtuous path dependency of regulatory preparedness, welfare preparedness, and market preparedness are needed for crisis responsiveness. Acting alone, strong markets that put a price on carbon fail to tame climate change without prosecution of carbon fraud and without state closures of power plants and carbon-intensive production lines. Responsive regulation of powerful interests is imperative because of gaming catastrophe through organizational power. The military-industrial complex games war to sell weapons. High finance games tax and market rules to make the fabric of law more complex, widening gaps between rich and poor. Industrial capital games environmental enforcement and carbon pricing by carbon fraud, offsets fraud, and greenwashing. Big pharma games patents, monopolizing profiteering from pandemics, widening rich–poor health gaps.
Introduction: Practices, Strategies, and Methodologies of Experimental Control in Historical Perspective
Authors: Schickore Jutta 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe introduction distinguishes four distinct strands in the history of experimental control. The first is the historical development of control practices to stabilize and standardize experimental conditions. The second is the emergence and career of the comparative design in experimentation, understood as a way of generating and securing knowledge of cause-effect relations. The third involves the unfolding, both in philosophy of science and in the sciences themselves, of methodological discussions on control practices and designs in experimental practice. The fourth is the history of the term “(experimental) control.” The introduction describes how the contributions to this volume address these aspects of experimental control.
Wissen. Können. Weitergeben. – Zur Umsetzung der UNESCO-Konvention in Deutschland
Authors: Hanke Benjamin 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDieses Kapitel analysiert durch die Auswertung der identifizierten Dokumente und der Experteninterviews die konkrete Umsetzung der UNESCO-Konvention zur Erhaltung des immateriellen Kulturerbes in Deutschland. Die Unterkapitel folgen den Phasen des Policy-Cycle, der dieser Arbeit als Modell zugrunde liegt: von der Identifikation des politisch zu behandelnden Problems und seiner Platzierung auf der kulturpolitischen Agenda über die Politikformulierung zu seiner Lösung bis hin zur Überführung in eine Politik der Erhaltung des Immateriellen Kulturerbes und ihre Evaluierung.
Satukangeun Lalangsé: Sundanese Sexuality From Behind the Curtain
Authors: Watson C. W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe weekly popular tabloid newspaper Galura is published in Sundanese in Bandung and has a circulation of 9,000. It is part of the Pikiran Rakyat, the daily Bandung Indonesian language newspaper group. It contains news items and features about West Javanese society past and present and is clearly designed to stimulate a sense of local pride in Sundanese achievements and Sundanese cultural artefacts and performances. One regular feature of the newspaper since 2008 is a page entitled Satukangeun Lalangsé (Behind the Curtain). This page relates what are said to be true stories about the trials and tribulations of married couples and families, always described from a first-person perspective. The aim of this contribution is twofold. First, it aims at shedding light on how the stories endorse the opinion that Sundanese women are often deceived in their hopes of what marriage will bring and that their hopes are frustrated by the hand of fate, the arbitrariness of their husband’s behaviour, or the ingratitude of their children. Second, it adds to our understanding of how the description of polygamy, adultery, and unexpected family misfortunes correspond to what people would understand to be plausible and possible within the institutions of the familyand marriage.
A discrete basis for celestial holography
Authors: Freidel Laurent , Pranzetti Daniele , Raclariu Ana-Maria 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Celestial holography provides a reformulation of scattering amplitudes in four dimensional asymptotically flat spacetimes in terms of conformal correlators of operators on the two dimensional celestial sphere in a basis of boost eigenstates. A basis of massless particle states has been previously identified in terms of conformal primary wavefunctions labeled by a boost weight ∆ = 1+iλ with λ ∈ ℝ. Here we show that a discrete orthogonal and complete basis exists for ∆ ∈ ℤ. This new basis consists of a tower of discrete memory and Goldstone observables, which are conjugate to each other and allow to reconstruct gravitational signals belonging to the Schwartz space. We show how generalized dressed states involving the whole tower of Goldstone operators can be constructed and evaluate the higher spin Goldstone 2-point functions. Finally, we recast the tower of higher spin charges providing a representation of the w1+∞ loop algebra (in the same helicity sector) in terms of the new discrete basis.
Dynamical evolution of spinodal decomposition in holographic superfluids
Authors: Zhao Xin , Nie Zhang-Yu , Zhao Zi-Qiang , Zeng Hua-Bi , Tian Yu , Baggioli Matteo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We study the nonlinear dynamical evolution of spinodal decomposition in a first-order superfluid phase transition using a simple holographic model in the probe limit. We first confirm the linear stability analysis based on quasinormal modes and verify the existence of a critical length scale related to a gradient instability — negative speed of sound squared — of the superfluid sound mode, which is a consequence of a negative thermodynamic charge susceptibility. We present a comparison between our case and the standard Cahn-Hilliard equation for spinodal instability, in which a critical length scale can be also derived based on a diffusive instability. We then perform several numerical tests which include the nonlinear time evolution directly from an unstable state and fast quenches from a stable to an unstable state in the spinodal region. Our numerical results provide a real time description of spinodal decomposition and phase separation in one and two spatial dimensions. We reveal the existence of four different stages in the dynamical evolution, and characterize their main properties. Finally, we investigate the strength of dynamical heterogeneity using the spatial variance of the local chemical potential and we correlate the latter to other features of the dynamical evolution.
Agent-Based Principal Strips Modeling for Freeform Surfaces in Architecture
Authors: Chai Hua , Orozco Luis , Kannenberg Fabian , Siriwardena Lasath , Schwinn Tobias , Liu Hanning , Menges Achim , Yuan Philip F. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe principal curvature (PC) of a freeform surface, as an important indicator of its fundamental features, is frequently used to guide their rationalization in the field of architectural geometry. The division of a surface using its PC lines into principal strips (PSs) is an innovative way to break down a freeform surface for construction. However, the application of PC networks in architectural design is hindered by the difficulty to generate them and flexibly control their density. This paper introduces a method for PS-based reconstruction of freeform surfaces with different umbilical conditions in the early stages of design. An agent-based modeling approach is developed to find the umbilics and increase the degree of control over the spacing of PC lines. This research can effectively expand the application range of PS-based surface reconstruction methods for freeform architectures.
Red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta buren workers do not have ovaries
Authors: Hoffmann B. D. , Pettit M. , Ghodke Amol Bharat 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWorkers of the red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta are repeatedly claimed in the literature not to have ovaries. Here, we demonstrate that we cannot find a source publication that proves the statement, and we show how publications are erroneously citing this statement. To remedy this gap, we dissected 87 S. invicta workers over a range of worker sizes, and demonstrate that S. invicta workers do not have reproductive organs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time such a demonstration has been published in the scientific literature. We flag that the same issue of a lack of published evidence for the same statement likely exists for many other species and genera, precluding the ability for appropriate referencing of such details.
Associations between hair-derived cannabinoid levels, self-reported use, and cannabis-related problems
Authors: Kroon Emese , Cousijn Janna , Filbey Francesca , Berchtold Christian , Binz Tina M. , Kuhns Lauren 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Rationale
As cannabis potency and cannabis use are increasing in newly legalized markets, it is increasingly important to measure and examine the effects of cannabinoid exposure.

Objectives
The current study aims to assess how hair-derived cannabinoid concentrations – offering insight into three-month cumulative exposure – are associated with common self-report measures of cannabis use and cannabis use-related problems.

Methods
74 near-daily dependent cannabis users self-reported their quantity of cannabis use, cannabis use-related problems, and estimated cannabis potency. Hair samples were provided to quantify Δ9-THC, CBD, and CBN using LC–MS/MS and THC-consumption was verified by analyzing THC-COOH in hair using GC–MS/MS.

Results
Cannabinoids were detectable in 95.95% of the hair samples from individuals who tested positive on a urine screen for cannabis. Δ9-THC concentrations were positively associated with measures of self-reported potency (relative potency, potency category, and perceived ‘high’), but Δ9-THC, CBD, CBN concentrations and THC/CBD ratio were not associated with self-reported quantity of use. Self-reported potency, but not hair-derived concentrations, were associated with withdrawal and craving. Self-reported quantity of cannabis use, but not cannabinoid concentrations, were associated with cannabis use-related problems.

Conclusions
The use of hair-derived cannabinoid quantification is supported for detecting cannabis use in near-daily users, but the lack of associations between hair-derived cannabinoid concentrations and self-report measures of use does not support the use of hair analyses alone for quantification of cannabinoid exposure. Further research comparing hair-derived cannabinoid concentrations with other biological matrices (e.g. plasma) and self-report is necessary to further evaluate the validity of hair analyses for this purpose.