bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerisch unterstützte Optimierung von Monitoringsystemen an Gewölbesperren
Authors: Bergmeister Konrad , Strauss Alfred , Zimmermann Thomas 
Published: October 2008

AbstractDie permanente Beobachtung von dominanten Parametern während der Konstruktion und der Betriebsphase von Sperren und Sperrenanlagen aus Konstruktionsbeton bietet eine quantitative Basis für die Zuverlässigkeits‐ und Gebrauchstauglichkeitsbewertung. Die Beobachtungsdaten können zu einem gewissen Ausmaß eine direkte Auskunft über sich ankündigende bzw. bereits eingetretene Schäden geben, können aber auch zum Teil nur indirekt auf Schäden und Schadensvorgänge Rückschlüsse geben. Ein optimiertes Monitoringsystem in Bezug auf die Vernetzung und Positionierung von Beobachtungspunkten kann mit nichtlinearen Geometrie‐ und Werkstoffmodellen unter Berücksichtigung der stochastischen Verteilung der mechanischen, physikalischen und geometrischen Eingangsdaten erarbeitet werden. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist die Vorstellung einer probabilistischen Bewertungsstrategie im Zusammenhang mit einem optimierten Monitoringsystem aufbauend auf der nichtlinearen Finite Elemente Methode.
Standsicherheit und Brandschutz von Bestandsbauwerken – besondere Herausforderungen für die Planung
Authors: Fingerloos Frank , Schnell Jürgen 
Published: October 2008

AbstractBauvorhaben im Bestand werden immer mehr zum Hauptthema für Planer und Bauwirtschaft. Der folgende Beitrag behandelt einige besondere Aspekte, die beim Planen im Bestand in Bezug auf den Bestandsschutz, die Standsicherheit und den Brandschutz zu beachten sind. Dabei werden die Grundlagen des Bestandsschutzes kurz umrissen. Die Besonderheiten bei der Planung werden mit dem Schwerpunkt Tragwerksplanung erläutert. Es werden Möglichkeiten aufgezeigt, Teilsicherheitsbeiwerte auf der Widerstandsseite beim Nachrechnen bestehender Bauteile mit semiprobabilistischen Bemessungsverfahren zu reduzieren sowie Belastungsversuche zweckmäßig einzusetzen. Die Beurteilung der Feuerwiderstandsdauer historischer Bauteile lässt sich am besten bei Berücksichtigung deutlich geringerer realistischer Brandlasten umsetzen.
Konstruktive Besonderheiten beim Bauen im Bestand: Problemstellungen und Speziallösungen am Beispiel eines Hotelprojekts in der Sächsischen Schweiz
Authors: Beecken Christoph A. , Groth Stefan , vom Berg Wiebke 
Published: October 2008

AbstractNach jahrelangem Leerstand wurde die historische Elbzeile am Marktplatz des Orts Bad Schandau südlich von Dresden revitalisiert und zu einem 5‐Sterne‐Hotel umgebaut. Das überwiegend drei‐ bis viergeschossige Objekt umfasst rund ein Dutzend Gebäude, die einen zusammenhängenden Häuserblock zwischen dem Marktplatz und dem Elbufer bilden. Nach rund zwei Jahren Bauzeit wurde das Hotel im August 2007 eröffnet.Der nachfolgende Text behandelt konstruktive Besonderheiten beim Bauen im Bestand und ergänzt somit die Beschreibung der Projektsteuerung und des Bauablaufs in der Ausgabe 04/2008 der Zeitschrift Bautechnik.Die planerische Herausforderung bei dieser komplexen Bauaufgabe bestand darin, die zahlreichen Einzelhäuser der Elbzeile, die zum Teil unter Denkmalschutz stehen, zu einer Gesamtanlage mit vielen unterschiedlichen Funktionsbereichen zusammenzufassen. Einige der bis zu 350 Jahre alten, am Marktplatz gelegenen Bauten waren nicht mehr zu erhalten und mussten abgebrochen und neu errichtet werden.
Zuschrift zu: Fingerloos, F., Zilch, K.: Einführung in die Neuausgabe von DIN 1045‐1. und Randl, N., Zilch, K., Müller, A.: Bemessung nachträglich ergänzter Betonbauteile mit längsschubbeanspruchter Fuge.
Authors: Lindig Volker 
Published: October 2008

AbstractZuschrift zu:Fingerloos, F., Zilch, K.: Einführung in die Neuausgabe von DIN 1045‐1. Beton‐ und Stahlbetonbau 103 (2008), Heft 4, S. 221–235.DOI: 10.1002/best.200800607.Randl, N., Zilch, K., Müller, A.: Bemessung nachträglich ergänzter Betonbauteile mit längsschubbeanspruchter Fuge. Vergleichende Beurteilung aktueller Konzepte für die Baupraxis. Beton‐ und Stahlbetonbau 103 (2008), Heft 7, S. 482–497.DOI: 10.1002/best.200800627.Erwiderung der Autoren zur Zuschrift Lindig
Identification of residual ischemia, infarction, and microvascular impairment in revascularized myocardial infarction using 64‐slice MDCT
Authors: Furtado Andre D. , Carlsson Marcus , Wintermark Max , Ordovas Karen , Saeed Maythem 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the potential of 64‐slice MDCT in characterizing revascularized infarcted myocardium at the cellular and microvascular levels. Pigs (n = 7) underwent 2 h left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion/reperfusion. In acute (2–4 h) and subacute (1 week) infarction, first‐pass perfusion (FPP) (1 ml/kg of 300 mg/ml Omnipaque) was performed using a cine (rotation time 60 s/bpm) non‐ECG gated sequence (mAS/kV = 100/120). Delayed contrast enhanced images (DE) (mAS/kV = 650/120) were acquired every 2 min for 10 min to determine the kinetics of Omnipaque and to define infarcted myocardium and microvascular impairment (representing microvascular obstruction and/or no‐ or low‐reflow phenomenon). Maximum upslope, maximum attenuation and time to the peak were measured from FPP plots. 2,3,5‐Triphenyltetrazolium‐chloride (TTC) was used to define true infarction in the excised hearts. Hyperenhanced myocardium on DE was measured and compared with TTC. The contrast media caused minor beam hardening and X‐ray scatter on FPP. The above‐mentioned perfusion parameters significantly differed between remote and acute infarction. Infarcted myocardium showed two patterns of enhancement on DE, hyperenhanced rim representing the perfused infarction and hypoenhanced core representing a microvascular impaired region, with significantly different attenuation. The extent of infarction on DE‐MDCT decreased over the course of 1 week and did not differ from TTC. Post‐processed FPP semi‐quantitative images showed a decline in myocardial blood volume and flow in acute revascularized infarction. In conclusion, modern MDCT has the potential to identify residual ischemia on FPP and microvascular impairment and infarction on DE images. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adrenocortical carcinoma in the United States
Authors: Bilimoria Karl Y. , Shen Wen T. , Elaraj Dina , Bentrem David J. , Winchester David J. , Kebebew Electron , Sturgeon Cord 
Published: October 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare tumor with a relatively poor prognosis. The authors' objectives were to examine treatment utilization and factors associated with long‐term survival after resection of ACC in a large, national, patient population.METHODS.Patients diagnosed with ACC from 1985 to 2005 were identified from the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB). Patient, tumor, treatment, and hospital factors associated with survival after resection were examined.RESULTS.For the current study, 3982 patients with ACC were identified. Median age at diagnosis was 55 years. Median tumor size was 13 cm. Of the patients with nodes examined, 26.5% had nodal metastases. Distant metastases were found on presentation in 21.6% of patients. A total of 57.4% of patients underwent surgical resection alone, whereas 16.0% underwent resection with adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation. A total of 19.4% had margin‐positive resections. Treatment utilization remained unchanged from 1985 to 2005 (P= .28). Median follow‐up was 24 months. Overall 5‐year survival for all patients who underwent resection was 38.6% (median survival, 31.9 months). Multivariable analysis demonstrated a higher risk of death with increasing age, poorly differentiated tumors, involved margins, and nodal or distant metastases. Overall survival remained unchanged from 1985 to 2000 (P= .08).CONCLUSIONS.ACC carries a poor prognosis for patients commonly presenting with large, locally invasive tumors, involved margins, and metastatic disease. Survival is not affected by size but is diminished with increasing age, poorly differentiated tumors, involved margins, and the presence of regional and distant disease. Identification of novel therapies may help to increase survival, which has remained unchanged over the last 20 years. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Plasmalemmal and vesicular γ‐aminobutyric acid transporter expression in the developing mouse retina
Authors: Guo Chenying , Stella Salvatore L. , Hirano Arlene A. , Brecha Nicholas C. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractPlasmalemmal and vesicular γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporters influence neurotransmission by regulating high‐affinity GABA uptake and GABA release into the synaptic cleft and extracellular space. Postnatal expression of the plasmalemmal GABA transporter‐1 (GAT‐1), GAT‐3, and the vesicular GABA/glycine transporter (VGAT) were evaluated in the developing mouse retina by using immunohistochemistry with affinity‐purified antibodies. Weak transporter immunoreactivity was observed in the inner retina at postnatal day 0 (P0). GAT‐1 immunostaining at P0 and at older ages was in amacrine and displaced amacrine cells in the inner nuclear layer (INL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL), respectively, and in their processes in the inner plexiform layer (IPL). At P10, weak GAT‐1 immunostaining was in Müller cell processes. GAT‐3 immunostaining at P0 and older ages was in amacrine cells and their processes, as well as in Müller cells and their processes that extended radially across the retina. At P10, Müller cell somata were observed in the middle of the INL. VGAT immunostaining was present at P0 and older ages in amacrine cells in the INL as well as processes in the IPL. At P5, weak VGAT immunostaining was also observed in horizontal cell somata and processes. By P15, the GAT and VGAT immunostaining patterns appear similar to the adult immunostaining patterns; they reached adult levels by about P20. These findings demonstrate that GABA uptake and release are initially established in the inner retina during the first postnatal week and that these systems subsequently mature in the outer retina during the second postnatal week. J. Comp. Neurol. 512:6–26, 2009. Published 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interplay among catecholamine systems: Dopamine binds to α2‐adrenergic receptors in birds and mammals
Authors: Cornil Charlotte A. , Ball Gregory F. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractDopaminergic and adrenergic receptors are G‐protein‐coupled receptors considered to be different based on their pharmacology and signaling pathways. Some receptor subtypes that are members of one family are actually closer in phylogenetic terms to some subtypes belonging to the other family, suggesting that the pharmacological specificity among these receptors from different families is not perfect. Indeed, evidence is accumulating that one amine can cross‐talk with receptors belonging to the other system. However, most of these observations were collected in vitro using artificial cell models transfected with cloned receptors, so that the occurrence of this phenomenon in vivo as well as its distribution in the central nervous system is not known. In this study the pharmacological basis of possible in vivo interactions between dopamine and α2‐adrenergic receptors was investigated in quail, zebra finches, and rats. Binding competitions showed that dopamine displaces the binding of the selective α2‐adrenergic ligand, [3H]RX821002, in the brain of the three species with an affinity ≈10–28‐fold lower than that of norepinephrine. Dopamine also displaces with an affinity 3‐fold lower than norepinephrine the binding of [3H]RX821002 to human αh2A‐adrenergic receptors expressed in Sf9 cells. The anatomical distribution of this interaction was assessed in brain slices of quail and rat based on autoradiographic methods. Both norepinephrine and dopamine significantly displace [3H]RX821002 binding in all brain nuclei considered. Together, these data provide evidence for an interaction between the dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems in the vertebrate brain, albeit with species variations. J. Comp. Neurol. 511:610–627, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Distribution of vesicular glutamate transporter 2 and glutamate receptor 1 mRNA in the central nervous system of the pigeon (Columba livia)
Authors: Islam Mohammad Rafiqul , Atoji Yasuro 
Published: October 2008

AbstractGlutamate acts as the excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) and is mediated largely by the vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUT1–3) and α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) types of glutamate receptors (GluR1–4) in mammals. In the present study, we determined the cDNA sequences of pigeon VGLUT2 and GluR1 and mapped the distribution of their mRNA in the pigeon CNS. The predicted amino acids of pigeon VGLUT2 and GluR1 showed a 93% identity to human VGLUT2 and GluR1 both. In situ hybridization autoradiograms showed VGLUT2 mRNA expression exclusively in the pallium of the telencephalon, and no expression in the subpallium. Within the diencephalon, VGLUT2 mRNA was more abundant in the thalamus than in the hypothalamus. Rich VGLUT2 mRNA expression was found in the optic tectum, nucleus mesencephalicus lateralis, pars dorsalis, nucleus isthmi, pars parvocellularis, isthmo‐optic nucleus, pontine nuclei, and granular layer of the cerebellum. Moderate expression was noted in the cerebellar nuclei, vestibular nuclei, cochlear nuclei, inferior olivary nucleus, and gray matter of the spinal cord. GluR1 mRNA was expressed abundantly in the pallium and subpallium of the telencephalon, but it was poor in the diencephalon, midbrain, medulla, cerebellar cortex, and gray matter of the spinal cord. These results suggest that the cDNA sequences of VGLUT2 and GluR1 in the pigeon are comparable to those of VGLUT2 and GluR1 in mammals, respectively. The distribution of pigeon GluR1 mRNA resembles that of mammals, but the distribution of VGLUT2 mRNA resembles that of both VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in mammals. J. Comp. Neurol. 511:658–677, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Progestin receptor is transiently expressed perinatally in neurons of the rat isocortex
Authors: López Verónica , Wagner Christine K. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractSteroid hormones influence the development of numerous brain regions, including some that are not classically considered steroid‐sensitive. For example, nuclear receptors for both androgen and estrogen have been detected in neonatal cortical cells. High levels of progestin binding and progestin receptor (PR) mRNA have also been reported in early perinatal isocortex. PR expression coincides with high levels of de novo progesterone produced within the cortex, suggesting that PR and its ligand influence the important developmental cortical processes occurring shortly after birth. In order to better understand the role PR plays in cortical development, we used the cellular‐level resolution of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization (ISH) to characterize changes in perinatal PR expression within specific cortical lamina. PR immunoreactivity (PR‐ir) was examined at embryonic days (E) 18, 20, 21, 22, and postnatal days (P) 1, 3, 6, 9, 13, and 27. We find that PR‐ir is transiently expressed in specific lamina of frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital cortex. PR‐ir was observed in subplate cells on E18, in increasingly superficial lamina (primarily lamina V, then II/III) during early postnatal development, and was absent by P27. Double‐labeling immunohistochemistry indicated that PR‐ir colocalizes with the neuronal marker, microtubule associated protein‐2, but not with the glial marker, nestin, nor with γ‐aminobutyric acid. These results suggest that specific subpopulations of cortical neurons may be transiently sensitive to progesterone, and that progesterone and its receptor may play a critical role in the fundamental mechanisms underlying normal cortical development. J. Comp. Neurol. 512:124–139, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Time course of pain sensation in rat models of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and exogenous hyperinsulinaemia
Authors: Sugimoto Kazuhiro , Rashid Irena B. , Kojima Keiya , Shoji Masaru , Tanabe Jutaro , Tamasawa Naoki , Suda Toshihiro , Yasujima Minoru 
Published: October 2008

AbstractBackgroundSmall sensory fibre dysfunction has been recently recognized as a component of impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance (IR) syndrome. However, few studies have investigated whether small sensory fibre dysfunction develops in normoglycaemic or pre‐diabetic animal models of IR and/or hyperinsulinaemia. In addition, scant information is available on the metabolic features of IR in relation to small sensory fibre dysfunction due to the progressive failure of beta cells to compensate for IR during the development of frank diabetes.MethodsLongitudinal trends for thermal and mechanical nociceptive responses were assessed in 8–36‐week‐old male obese Zucker rats, 8–36‐week‐old male Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, and 10–39‐week‐old male Wistar rats that continued to receive exogenous insulin (2–4 U/day) from subcutaneously implanted insulin pellets. Data were compared with the metabolic disorders in these rats.ResultsBoth obese Zucker and ZDF rats at 8 weeks of age showed compensatory hyperinsulinaemia and developed thermal hyperalgesia prior to the onset of overt hyperglycaemia. These animals also exhibited progression from thermal hyperalgesia to hypoalgesia, which occurred more rapidly and coincided with a more rapid decline in pancreatic insulin secretion in ZDF rats than in obese Zucker rats. Non‐diabetic rats treated with insulin tended to show thermal and mechanical hypoalgesia that was detectable 12–20 weeks after treatment.ConclusionIn addition to insulin treatment, IR with or without compensatory hyperinsulinaemia is associated with nociceptive dysfunction of different phenotypes, independent of glycaemic levels. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Role of elevated EGFR phosphorylation in the induction of structural remodelling and altered mechanical properties of resistance artery from type 2 diabetic mice
Authors: Palen Desiree I. , Matrougui Khalid 
Published: October 2008

AbstractBackgroundType 2 diabetes is associated with microvascular complications. We hypothesized that the sustained elevated EGFR phosphorylation produces structural wall remodelling and altered mechanical properties of mesenteric resistance artery (MRA) in type 2 diabetes.MethodsFreshly isolated MRA (80–100 µm diameter) from type 2 diabetic (db−/db−, diabetic) and non‐diabetic (db−/db+, control) mice were subjected to pressure‐passive diameter and wall thickness relationships; western blot analysis and immunohistology.ResultsData indicated that MRA from diabetic mice have a smaller passive diameter than MRA from control mice under intra‐luminal pressure range from 25 to 125 mmHg. Measurements of wall thickness : lumen diameter ratios (21 ± 1.8 vs 14 ± 1.2 at 75 mmHg diabetic vs control, respectively), wall thickness and remodelling index (38 ± 5% vs control) revealed eutrophic structural remodelling of MRA from diabetic mice, which was strengthened with histology. Mechanical properties revealed a great strain‐stress relationship in MRA from control versus diabetic mice indicating increased stiffness in MRA from diabetic mice. Western blot analysis showed increased collagen type 1 content in a freshly isolated MRA from the type 2 diabetic mice when compared to control mice. Diabetic mice treated with EGFR inhibitor (AG1478, 10 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks showed reduced EGFR phosphorylation, wall thickness, collagen type 1 content, and improved the altered mechanical properties of MRA.ConclusionThese data provide evidence regarding the role of EGFR in morphological wall remodelling and altered mechanical properties of MRA from type 2 diabetic mice. This may identify new therapeutic targets for the control of vascular structure and therefore have important implications in type 2 diabetes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Green tea consumption and risk of stomach cancer: A meta‐analysis of epidemiologic studies
Authors: Myung Seung Kwon , Bae Woo Kyung , Oh Seung Min , Kim Yeol , Ju Woong , Sung Joohon , Lee Yeon Ji , Ko Jeong Ah , Song Jong Im , Choi Hyuck Jae 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThis meta‐analysis investigated the quantitative association between the consumption of green tea and the risk of stomach cancer in epidemiologic studies using crude data and adjusted data. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Review in August 2007. All the articles searched were independently reviewed and selected by 3 evaluators according to predetermined criteria. A total of 13 epidemiologic studies were included. When all the case–control and cohort studies were pooled, the relative risks (RR) of stomach cancer for the highest level of green tea consumption when compared with the lowest level of consumption were shown to be 1.10 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.92–1.32) using the crude data and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.70–0.96) using the adjusted data. In the meta‐analyses of case–control studies, no significant association was seen between green tea consumption and stomach cancer using the crude data (RR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.58–1.07), but green tea was shown to have a preventive effect on stomach cancer using the adjusted data (RR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.64–0.83). In the meta‐analyses of the recent cohort studies, the highest green tea consumption was shown to significantly increase stomach cancer risk using the crude data (RR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.16–2.18), but no significant association between them was seen when using the adjusted data (RR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.93–1.17). Unlike the case–control studies, no preventive effect on stomach cancer was seen for the highest green tea consumption in the meta‐analysis of the recent cohort studies. Further clinical trials are needed. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epidemiology of hepatitis viruses among hepatocellular carcinoma cases and healthy people in Egypt: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lehman Elizabeth M. , Wilson Mark L. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractLiver cancers are strongly linked to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Egypt has the highest prevalence of HCV worldwide and has rising rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Egypt's unique nature of liver disease presents questions regarding the distribution of HBV and HCV in the etiology of HCC. Accordingly, a systematic search of MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, ScienceDirect and World Health Organisation databases was undertaken for relevant articles regarding HBV and HCV prevalence in Egypt among healthy populations and HCC cases. We calculated weighted mean prevalences for HBV and HCV among the populations of interest and examined differences in prevalence by descriptive features, including age, year and geographic region. Prevalences for HBV and HCV were 6.7% and 13.9% among healthy populations, and 25.9% and 78.5% among HCC cases. Adults had higher prevalences of both infections (Adult HBV = 8.0%, Child HBV = 1.6%; Adult HCV = 15.7%, Child HCV = 4.0%). Geographically, HBV was higher in the south, whereas HCV was greater in the north (North HBV = 4.6%, South HBV = 11.7%; North HCV = 15.8%, South HCV = 6.7%). Among HCC cases, HBV significantly decreased over time (p = 0.001) while HCV did not, suggesting a shift in the relative influences of these viruses in HCC etiology in Egypt. Our results highlight large amounts of heterogeneity among the epidemiological factors associated with liver disease in Egypt and underscore the necessity of an integrated strategy for the successful prevention of viral hepatitis infections and chronic liver disease. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.