bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collective effects of rising average temperatures and heat events on oviparous embryos
Authors: Ma Liang , Wu Dan‐Yang , Wang Yang , Hall Joshua M. , Mi Chun‐Rong , Xie Hong‐Xin , Tao Wei‐Jie , Hou Chao , Cheng Kun‐Ming , Zhang Yong‐Pu , Wang Ji‐Chao , Lu Hong‐Liang , Du Wei‐Guo , Sun Bao‐Jun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSurvival of the immobile embryo in response to rising temperature is important to determine a species’ vulnerability to climate change. However, the collective effects of 2 key thermal characteristics associated with climate change (i.e., rising average temperature and acute heat events) on embryonic survival remain largely unexplored. We used empirical measurements and niche modeling to investigate how chronic and acute heat stress independently and collectively influence the embryonic survival of lizards across latitudes. We collected and bred lizards from 5 latitudes and incubated their eggs across a range of temperatures to quantify population‐specific responses to chronic and acute heat stress. Using an embryonic development model parameterized with measured embryonic heat tolerances, we further identified a collective impact of embryonic chronic and acute heat tolerances on embryonic survival. We also incorporated embryonic chronic and acute heat tolerance in hybrid species distribution models to determine species’ range shifts under climate change. Embryos’ tolerance of chronic heat (T‐chronic) remained consistent across latitudes, whereas their tolerance of acute heat (T‐acute) was higher at high latitudes than at low latitudes. Tolerance of acute heat exerted a more pronounced influence than tolerance of chronic heat. In species distribution models, climate change led to the most significant habitat loss for each population and species in its low‐latitude distribution. Consequently, habitat for populations across all latitudes will shift toward high latitudes. Our study also highlights the importance of considering embryonic survival under chronic and acute heat stresses to predict species’ vulnerability to climate change.
Subclinical immune responses to nickel in sensitized individuals—a dose–response study
Authors: Wennervaldt Michael , Vaher Helen , Ahlström Malin G. , Bischofberger Nuno , Menné Torkil , Thyssen Jacob P. , Johansen Jeanne D. , Bonefeld Charlotte M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundNickel is the leading cause of contact allergy in Europe, with 14.5% of the adult population being sensitized. Despite regulations limiting nickel release from consumer items, the incidence and prevalence of nickel allergy remain high.ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical and subclinical immune response to low‐dose nickel exposure on nickel pre‐exposed skin to assess the adequacy of current regulatory limits.MethodNickel‐allergic and healthy controls were patch tested with nickel twice with a 3–4 weeks interval. The first exposure used the diagnostic concentration of 2000 μg/cm2 nickel sulphate, and the same skin areas were then re‐exposed to 0.2, 0.5, 12.8 and 370 μg/cm2 nickel sulphate. After 48 h, the patch reactions were examined for clinical signs of eczema, and skin biopsies were collected. The transcriptomic immune profile was analysed with Nanostring nCounter and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.ResultsTwo nickel‐allergic participants (15%) had clinical reactions to the regulatory limiting doses for nickel (0.2/0.5 μg/cm2) following re‐exposure. There was immune activation in all skin areas following re‐exposure to nickel, predominantly mediated by up‐regulation of cytokines and chemokines. In all nickel re‐exposed skin areas, 81 genes were up‐regulated independent from the clinical response. In skin areas exposed to 0.2 μg/cm2, 101 immune‐related genes were differentially expressed, even when no clinical response was observed. Healthy controls showed up‐regulation of three genes in response to nickel re‐exposures without any clinical reactions.ConclusionImmune activation can be induced in skin with local memory to nickel upon challenge with nickel doses within the regulatory limits. Our findings suggest that the regulatory limits in the European nickel regulation may not provide sufficient protection for consumers against low‐dose exposures.
Who prioritizes what? A cross‐jurisdictional comparative analysis of salmon fish passage strategies in Western Washington
Authors: Burch Catalina A. , Jardine Sunny L. , Lewis‐Smith Connor , Van Deynze Braeden 
Published: April 2024

AbstractConservation planners often rely on heuristic indices when challenged with prioritizing potential projects under a constrained budget. This paper presents a comparative analysis of several prioritization indices (PIs) of culvert fish passage barriers, which can contribute to declines in anadromous fish populations. A federal injunction requires Washington state to restore 90% of habitat blocked by state‐owned culverts by 2030, prompting the development of numerous PIs, by various entities (i.e., counties, cities) within the injunction area. Our comparative analysis of PIs within the injunction Case Area investigates their ability to distinguish between barriers, their transferability in terms of scoring metrics, how scoring weights differ, and the preferences implied thereby. We document the use of six distinct PI methods by 10 entities and find that some PIs used many shared metrics, whereas others used a high percentage of unique metrics that would be difficult to replicate outside the entity's jurisdiction. Although habitat potential, habitat quantity, and connectivity were considered across all PIs, we found a high level of variation in terms of the metric weights. Our methods can be employed in other geographies or for other restoration PI planning efforts, and our results may facilitate the development and refinement of future PIs.
Peer support for adults with type 2 diabetes starting continuous glucose monitoring—An exploratory randomised controlled trial
Authors: Lind Nanna , Christensen Merete Bechmann , Hansen Dorte Lindqvist , Willaing Ingrid , Nørgaard Kirsten 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimsTo explore the feasibility and potential benefits of a peer support programme for adults with insulin‐treated type 2 diabetes (T2D) starting continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).MethodsThis part of the Steno2tech study is an exploratory, single‐centre, open‐labelled, prospective, randomised controlled trial (RCT). A total of 60 participants were randomised 2:1 to 12 months of CGM with or without peer support. All participants received a 3‐h diabetes self‐management education course including a CGM part on how to use the CGM and interpret the CGM‐derived data. Peer support consisted of three 3‐h peer support meetings over the first 6 months of the study period with groups of three to six people. The exploratory outcomes included the acceptability and feasibility of the peer support intervention, and the between‐group difference in change in several glycaemic, metabolic and participant‐reported outcomes measured at baseline, 6 and 12 months.ResultsThe peer support intervention was found acceptable and feasible. Participants shared their experiences of using and interpreting CGM data and its association with health behaviour. While both groups had improvements in glycaemic, metabolic and participant‐reported outcomes, there were no significant between‐group differences.ConclusionsAlthough feasible, we found no measured additional benefits when adding a peer support programme after starting CGM in this exploratory RCT including adults with insulin‐treated T2D. Understanding the perceived effect of and preferences for a peer support intervention from the participants' points of view, including why individuals declined to participate, would be of value for future research.
Metabolic disorders exacerbate the formation of glial scar after stroke
Authors: Clain Julien , Couret David , Bringart Matthieu , Lecadieu Arnaud , Meilhac Olivier , Lefebvre d'Hellencourt Christian , Diotel Nicolas 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMetabolic disorders are risk factors for stroke exacerbating subsequent complications. Rapidly after brain injury, a glial scar forms, preventing excessive inflammation and limiting axonal regeneration. Despite the growing interest in wound healing following brain injury, the formation of a glial scar in the context of metabolic disorders is poorly documented. In this study, we used db/db mice to investigate the impact of metabolic perturbations on brain repair mechanisms, with a focus on glial scarring. First, we confirmed the development of obesity, poor glucose regulation, hyperglycaemia and liver steatosis in these mice. Then, we observed that 3 days after a 30‐min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), db/db mice had larger infarct area compared with their control counterparts. We next investigated reactive gliosis and glial scar formation in db/+ and db/db mice. We demonstrated that astrogliosis and microgliosis were exacerbated 3 days after stroke in db/db mice. Furthermore, we also showed that the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (i.e., chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan, collagen IV and tenascin C) was increased in db/db mice. Consequently, we demonstrated for the first time that metabolic disorders impair reactive gliosis post‐stroke and increase ECM deposition. Given that the damage size is known to influence glial scar, this study now raises the question of the direct impact of hyperglycaemia/obesity on reactive gliosis and glia scar. It paves the way to promote the development of new therapies targeting glial scar formation to improve functional recovery after stroke in the context of metabolic disorders.
Mutational landscape, inhibitor development, and health‐care burden in non‐severe haemophilia A: A single‐centre Australian experience
Authors: Ramanan Radha , Evans Natalie , Kaplan Zane , McFadyen James D. , Tran Huyen A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo characterise non‐severe haemophilia A (HA) patients enrolled on the Australian Bleeding Disorders Registry (ABDR) treated through a state‐wide Haemophilia Treatment Centre (HTC) with respect to their mutational profile, inhibitor risk and health‐care burden.MethodWe conducted a single‐centre observational study of all non‐severe HA patients treated at the Alfred Health HTC registered on the ABDR as of the 26th July 2023. Data were extracted from the ABDR and electronic medical record (EMR) regarding demographics, severity, genetic testing, treatment, inhibitors, bleeding events and procedures. Inhibitor risk was calculated as a function of exposure days (EDs) of FVIII replacement.ResultsThere were 289 non‐severe HA patients treated at the Alfred HTC registered on the ABDR as of July 2023, all of whom were adult patients aged > 18 years old. Genotyping had been performed in 228/289 (78.9%). Of the inhibitor analysis population, 14/193 (7.3%) had an inhibitor. The cumulative incidence of inhibitor development at 75 EDs was 31% (95% CI 13%–46%). The median cost of bypassing agents per inhibitor patient was $57,087.50/year.ConclusionThese results demonstrate a relatively high inhibitor prevalence and incidence risk in non‐severe HA compared to previously published work, although this may partly reflect a smaller population size. High rates of genotyping have allowed representative mutational characterisation. The burden of care imposed by non‐severe HA in terms of bleeding events, procedures and bypassing agent cost is larger than expected, particularly within the inhibitor population.
Predicting joint involvement through tailored prophylaxis in severe haemophilia A, is it possible?
Authors: Meijon‐Ortigueira Maria del Mar , Alvarez‐Roman Maria Teresa , De La Corte Hortensia , Butta Nora , Jimenez‐Yuste Victor 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionTailored prophylaxis is the current treatment regimen for patients with severe haemophilia A. Recently, published guidelines describe two possible approaches, based on clinical characteristics or estimation of pharmacokinetic parameters. However, both have strengths and weaknesses, and their characteristics need to be integrated to optimize treatment appropriately. In this paper, we present a model that considers together the characteristics of prophylaxis and the relevance of each.MethodsThe age at initiation of prophylaxis, number of bleeding events, treatment regimen, therapeutic adherence, FVIII trough levels, and joint status were analyzed in 59 patients followed at La Paz University Hospital between January 2000 and December 2019.ResultsThe mean duration of primary prophylaxis of 113.37 ± 57.79 months. Eighty‐three percent (n = 49) had no joint status involvement at the end of follow‐up (HJHS and HEAD‐US = 0). The median ABR was 0.7 (IQR 0.2 –1.0) and 54.2% presented trough levels of FVIII during follow‐up >1 IU/dL. 72,9% engaged in some type of physical activity and overall adherence was over 85% in all patients evaluated. The regression analysis performed, considering all these factors, showed that the initiation of prophylaxis before 21 months of age was the most relevant protective factor against the appearance of joint involvement (OR 88.33 p.031 CI 95% 1.49‐5224.40)ConclusionEarly initiation of prophylaxis was the most relevant factor in the protection of joint status. More comprehensive analysis models adapted to the characteristics of each population, are needed to adequately individualize treatment.
Bleeding control improves after switching to emicizumab: Real‐world experience of 177 children in the PedNet registry
Authors: van der Zwet Konrad , de Kovel Marloes , Motwani Jayashree , van Geet Chris , Nolan Beatrice , Glosli Heidi , Escuriola Ettingshausen Carmen , Königs Christoph , Kenet Gili , Fischer Kathelijn ,   the PedNet Investigators
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionDespite the rapid uptake of emicizumab in the paediatric haemophilia A (HA) population, real‐world data on the safety and efficacy is limited.AimTo report on bleeding and safety in paediatric patients receiving emicizumab prophylaxis.MethodsData were extracted from the multicentre prospective observational PedNet Registry (NCT02979119). Children with haemophilia A, and ≥50 FVIII exposures or inhibitors present receiving emicizumab maintenance therapy were analysed. Data were summarized as medians with interquartile range (IQR, P25–P75). Mean (95% confidence interval (CI)), annualized (joint) bleeding rate (A(J)BR) during emicizumab and ≤2 years before emicizumab prophylaxis were modelled and compared using negative binomial regression.ResultsTotal of 177 patients started emicizumab at median 8.6 years (IQR 4.8–13.1), most had no FVIII inhibitors (64%). Follow up before emicizumab was median: 1.68 years (IQR: 1.24–1.90) and during emicizumab: 1.32 years (IQR: .94–2.11).In patients without inhibitors, mean ABR reduced after starting emicizumab from 2.41 (CI 1.98–2.95) to 1.11 (CI .90–1.36, p < .001), while AJBR reduced from.74 (CI .56–.98) to.31 (CI .21–.46, p < .001). Concordantly, in patients with inhibitors, mean ABR reduced from 5.08 (CI 4.08–6.38) to .75 (CI .56–1.01, p < .001), while AJBR reduced from 1.90 (CI 1.42–2.58) to .34 (CI .21–.56, p < .001). Five emicizumab‐related adverse events were reported (3% of the cohort), including one patient with antidrug antibodies.ConclusionThis study showed improved bleeding control compared to previous treatment and a favourable safety profile during emicizumab therapy in paediatric haemophilia A patients.
The role of multidisciplinary MS care teams in supporting lifestyle behaviour changes to optimise brain health among people living with MS: A qualitative exploration of clinician perspectives
Authors: Wills Olivia , Probst Yasmine , Haartsen Jodi , McMahon Anne‐Therese 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionHealthcare professionals have an important role in advocating for the adoption of a brain‐healthy lifestyle for optimal multiple sclerosis (MS) care. Nonetheless, studies to date have mainly focussed on the consumer perspective. Herein, we aimed to explore the current practices of how healthcare professionals support protective, lifestyle‐related behaviour changes to optimise brain health among people living with MS (plwMS), and their perspectives of professional roles.MethodsAustralian healthcare professionals were recruited via study advertisements, purposive and snowball sampling, to participate in an online, semi‐structured and audio‐recorded interview. Clinicians were eligible if they had a minimum of a tertiary Bachelor's degree and 12‐months experience working with plwMS, access to the Internet and sufficient time to participant. An inductive, data‐driven form of reflexive thematic analysis was undertaken before thematic categorisation of the quotes from transcripts. Data analysis was guided by the methods of Braun and Clark and the study's underpinnings drew on the constructs of the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT).ResultsSix physicians, 10 MS nurses, 18 allied health professionals, one exercise therapist and one alternative therapist were interviewed. Three primary themes encompassing the perceived role of healthcare professionals in supporting a brain‐healthy lifestyle were identified: (1) the empowering role, (2) collaborative role and (3) communicative role. External factors/forces including time constraints, professional expertise, training and skill set, power dynamics, consumer readiness, health literacy, self‐efficacy and motivation are at play, and affect how/when healthcare professionals may support behaviour change to optimise lifelong brain health for plwMS.ConclusionHealthcare professionals recognise their critical role in encouraging and supporting the adoption of a brain‐healthy lifestyle to optimise lifelong brain health for plwMS. However, discord is evident when they underestimate the complexity of translating knowledge of lifestyle‐related behaviour change(s) into action. Greater awareness must be made in recognising and addressing the bidirectionality of external factors such as those in the SCT, that may influence how behaviour change occurs.Public ContributionHealthcare professionals volunteered to be interviewed as part of the data collection phase of this study.
Periodontal health literacy in Germany—Results of a telephone survey
Authors: Deinzer Renate , Jordan Andreas Rainer 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveAssess the periodontal health literacy of German adolescents, adults and senior residents.BackgroundThe prevalence of periodontitis is high. One explanation for this may be that people lack periodontal health literacy (PHL).MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional descriptive study. Former participants of the 5th German Oral Health Study (n = 333 16‐year‐olds, n = 307 39–48‐year‐olds, n = 332 69–78‐year‐olds) participated in a computer‐assisted telephone interview. Open‐ended questions (OEQs) were used to assess the participants' current knowledge. Corresponding single‐ and multiple‐choice questions (SCQs and MCQs) supplemented the OEQs to allow detailed analyses of the nature of the knowledge gaps.ResultsLess than 10% of the participants in the three age groups could explain the term ‘periodontitis’ or select the correct answer in an SCQ. Responding to the OEQs, 89% of 16‐year olds, 64% of 39‐48‐year‐olds, and 59% of 69–78‐year‐olds, could not name any consequence of periodontitis, and 83%, 51%, and 60%, respectively, could not name any risk factors. The OEQs regarding proper oral hygiene behaviour revealed that participants lacked awareness regarding important aspects of oral hygiene (e.g., systematics) or areas to which they should pay attention to (e.g., interdental spaces and gingival margins).ConclusionsThe survey revealed PHL deficits in German adolescents, adults, and seniors and a need for community‐based measures to improve PHL in all age groups. Dental teams should be aware that their patients might lack the PHL necessary for understanding and adherence to professional dental advice, and that they might even lack PHL regarding the proper use of oral hygiene devices.
Effect of prolonged hospitalization on the maintenance of oral health: A self‐report survey
Authors: Weiss Shula , Tinsky Nurit , Oren Liat , Chodick Gabi , Spierer Shoshana , Yarom Noam , Ashkenazi Malka 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the effect of prolonged hospitalization on the maintenance of dental health and to assess the nursing staff's approach to addressing these concerns.MethodsA survey questionnaire explored changes in the routine dental care of patients hospitalized for over a month. The involvement of nursing staff in addressing dental care was also evaluated.ResultsFifty adult patients aged 18–89 years (mean age 62.4 ± 20.54 years), 27 (54%) males, completed the survey. During hospitalization (mean 58.59 ± 38.63 days) 26% and 18%, increased consumption of sweets and sugary beverages, between meals, respectively; 26% and 20% of the patients reduced the frequency of tooth brushing in the morning and in the evening, respectively, and 42.2% of them, reduced the quality of their toothbrushing during hospitalization. Nevertheless, 95.9% and 93.9% of them were never instructed during hospitalization to limit their consumption of sweets and sugary beverages and 83.3% and 62.5% of them had never been reminded or offered assistance during hospitalization in performing toothbrushing, respectively. The lower frequency of morning toothbrushing was significantly correlated with a lack of nurses' assistance (p = 0.004). In contrast, 62.6% reported they were reminded every day to shower. Patients in the rehabilitation and geriatrics departments reported a greater need for a brush/toothpaste (p < 0.0001) and assistance in toothbrushing (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsProlonged hospitalization leads to significant deterioration in inpatients' dental health maintenance. Raising awareness among nurses regarding their inpatient's oral health maintenance is warranted. Providing patients with toothbrushes, toothpaste and educational materials upon hospitalization is recommended.
The Turkish version of nursing practice readiness scale: Cross‐cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation
Authors: Baris Veysel Karani , Yilmaz Aysegul , Celik Isa , Keskin Ayse Yildiz , Bektas Murat , Intepeler Seyda Seren 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimThis study aims to adapt the “Nursing Practice Readiness Scale” to Turkish culture, and evaluate its psychometric properties.BackgroundNew graduates' nursing practice readiness can impact their work adaptation and performance.DesignThe research employed a methodological design.MethodsData were collected between May and July 2022. The sample consisted of 436 newly graduated nurses. Content validity, construct validity and criterion validity were evaluated. Reliability was examined with adjusted item‐total correlation, Cronbach's a coefficient, composite‐reliability and split‐half reliability.ResultsThe Turkish version of Nursing Practice Readiness Scale was found to have good content and criterion validity. As a result of confirmatory factor analysis, the original five‐factor structure of the scale was also confirmed for the Turkish version. The scale's overall Cronbach's α coefficient was determined to be 0.96, with subscale coefficients ranging from 0.73 to 0.94.The composite reliability values of the subscales were found between 0.75 and 0.94. In split‐half reliability, the correlation coefficient between half was 0.952, with a Spearman–Brown Coefficient (Unequal Length) of 0.976.ConclusionsThe Turkish version of Nursing Practice Readiness Scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for evaluating the nursing practice readiness of newly graduated nurses.