bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma Big Gastrin and Gastric Secretion in Newborns and Infants: Part 1: Plasma Big Gastric Secretion in Normal Newborns and Infants
Authors: Sato Mitsuyoshi 
Published: October 2007

AbstractTo elucidate the development of the gastric secretion and the role of gastrin in the secretion in early childhood, big gastrin and gastrin immunoreactivities in fasting plasma, and basal and maximal gastric secretions stimulated by pentagastrin were measured in 17 newborns and 15 infants.By pentagastrin stimulation, the gastric acid and pepsin outputs significantly increased in preterms, terms and infants. However, the response to the stimulation was very weak in preterms and gradually increased with age. The secretion of gastric juice, and the output of acid and pepsin showed significant correlations with body weight. The maximal values of these three factors after the stimulation showed better correlations than the basal values. Big gastrin was predominant among circulating gastrins. Inverse relationships were obtained between the pH of gastric juice and plasma gastrin levels, and between the basal gastric acid output and plasma gastrin and big gastrin levels.These findings suggest that newborn parietal and chief cells are responsive to pentagastrin soon after birth and a negative feedback mechanism between gastric acid and plasma gastrins may be already established in early childhood as well as in adults.
Steroid Therapy and Fatal Varicella in a Nephrotic Patient; A Necropsy case with Atypical Rash
Authors: Fujita Kozo , Sanae Nobutaka , Yoshioka Hajime , Kurokawa Hiroshi , Sato Toshihiro 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn this paper we present an autopsy case of fatal varicella. The patient was a 14‐year‐old boy who had minimal change nephrotic syndrome. While undergoing treatment with 1.5 mg/kg/day of prednisolone, he developed atypical vesicular lesions and disseminated intravascular coagulation. He died within 3 days of showing signs of varicella. The microscopic tests revealed herpetic viral particles in many organs. When treating nephrotic syndrome with steroids, each individual patient must be taken into consideration and the smallest effective dose should be used for a shorter period.
Recent Findings in Exercise‐Induced Late Asthmatic Response (EIA)
Authors: Likura Yoji , Inui Hiroyuki , Nishizuka Kazuo , Umesato Yoshihiro , Obata Toshihiko , Masaki Takuro , Nakakura Toshikazu 
Published: October 2007

AbstractFrom the exercise task, 17 out of 54 (38%) asthmatic children developed reproducible early and late response after bicycle ergometer exercise task. There was a significant correlation between the magnitude of their early and late reactions, emphasizing the direct relationship between these two phenomenon. Inhalation of81mKr gas allowed us to detect uneven distribution images very clearly. By changing the inhalation speed, we were able to obtain two different types of pattern, namely, type A dominant upon fast gas inhalation which affected large airways, and type B dominant upon slow gas inhalation which affected the small airways. Through this inhalation technique, we were able to detect which part of the bronchus had been affected. EIA patients showed variation in the affected areas, some only showing influence to the large airways, while other only to the small airways.
Development of Bile Acid Metabolism in Neonates during Perinatal Period Part 1: Bile acid levels in sera of Mothers, fetuses and neonates
Authors: Sasaki Hidekuni 
Published: October 2007

AbstractTo eluidate the development of bile acid metabolism in neonates during the perinatal period, the present author measured the bile acid levels in amniotic fludis and sera of mothers, umbilical cords and neonates. The subjects were 166 samples of amniotic fluids and sera of mothers, umbilical cords and neonates (at 2 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and 4 weeks of life). The bile acid levels in amniotic fluids were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and the levels in sear were measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Total chenodeoxycholic acid (unconjugated chenodeoxycholic acid (free CDC), glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA) and taurochenodeoxycholi acid (TCDCA)) were predominant in amniotic fluids and sera of early neonates before 1 week of life. Total bile acid (TBA) levels gradually increased for 4 weeks after birth. The mean glycine to taurine (G/T) conjugation ratio of bile acids of mothers was higher than that of umbilical cords and early neonates before 1 week of life. The mean conjugation rate of bile acids in sera of neonates at 1 week after birth was higher than that of mothers and umbilical cords. There were distinct individualities in TBA levels, the presene of lithocholic acid (LCA), total cholic acid to total chenodeoxycholic acid (CA/CDCA) ratio and G/T ratio at the same age, and in bile acid patterns in the same pair of mothers and umbilical cords.
Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Nitrazepam in Childhood Epilepsy
Authors: Katafuchi Yukihiko , Aoki Noboyuki , Matsuishi Toyojiro , Yamashita Fumio 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSteady state serum levels of nitrazepam (NZP) in 60 epileptic children ranging in age from 6 months to 18 years with various types of epilepsy were investigated by high‐pressure liquid chromatography.Also studied were the influence of age on the serum NZP level and the drug interaction of phenobarbital (PB) or sodium valproate (VPA). Serum half‐lives of NZP were also calculated in 9 epileptic children under long‐term treatment.A significant correlation (r=0.683, p<O.Ol, n=60) was seen between the daily dose and the serum NZP level. The serum NZP level was not correlated with the age of the patients.On combination with PB, the serum NZP level was increased and half‐lives were prolonged. On combination with VPA, the serum level was decreased and half‐lives were shortened.The authors recommend monitoring of NZP on the treatment of childhood epilepsy under the following circumstances: (1) when patients show progressive signs of toxicity, (2) when they are on combined anticonvulsant therapy, especially PB or WA and (3) when they are suspected of not taking the drug.
Mediastinal and Subcutaneous Emphysema Complicating Bronchial Asthma II. Serum Alpha 1‐ Antitrypsin as an Etiologic Factor of Mediastinal and Subcutaneous Emphysema
Authors: Odajima Hiroshi 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn order to clarify the relationship between serum alpha 1‐antitrypsin (AAT) and mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema complicating bronchial asthma, the present study was carried out.Serum AAT, alpha 1‐acid glycoprotein (AAG), C‐reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) were evaluated in 221 subjects. These subjects were divided into 5 groups: 8 normal children as controls (group I), 62 children with respiratory infection only (group II), 44 children with bronchial asthma and respiratory infection (group III), 83 children with asthmatic attacks (group IV) and 24 children with asthmatic attacks complicated by mediastinal and/or subcutaneous emphysema (group V).(1) In patients of group II, III, and IV with infection the serum AAT level elevated corresponded to indicators of infection such as CRP and NAP.(2) In asthmatic patients with attacks, the serum AAT level was also slightly elevated even if there was no infection.(3) In asthmatic patients with mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema, the serum AAT level was the lowest compared with those in the other groups, showing no correlation to CRP and NAP.From these data it is suggested that in children with bronchial asthma with attacks complicated by infection, a low level of serum AAT may be one of the important etiological factors of mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema.
Home Blood Glucose Monitoring
Authors: M. Court John 
Published: October 2007

AbstractHome blood glucose monitoring (HBGM) is now widely accepted as an important component of care of the diabetic child. It is helpful in maintaining satisfactory control, in preventing hypoglycaemia and in managing diabetes during intercurrent illness.There are problems which may lead to confusing monitoring results. These include technical problems as a result of incorrect performance of the test or reflectance meter faults. HBGM is only effective in assisting in the control when it is used in conjunction with an adequate and on‐going education programme. When this is not provided HBGM may be of little value.Problems of patient acceptance arise during adolescence. A survey conducted on 202 teenaged diabetics indicated that half found HBGM painful at least at times, and half occasionally falsified their results.HBGM may not be a reliable means of assessing overall control. Correlation with other parameters of control is often poor.
Relationship Between Control and Prognosis inDiabetes Mellitus
Authors: Lestradet Henri 
Published: October 2007

AbstractEven correctly treated insulin‐dependent diabetes, remains responsible for an important number of complications which alter the life style and inevitably shorten the life span of most insulin‐dependent diabetics. For many years much interest has focused on the origin of these complications. Many arguments to date have put the accent: 1) on the role of the high blood sugar level responsible for the process of glycosylation; 2) on the consequences of lipidic disturbances due not only to insulin deficiency but to dietetic prescriptions (too high level of saturated lipids in diet). However it is not unthinkable that these two seemingly important factors are superimposed on certain hereditary tendencies (HLA haplotypes could have a role favoring the onset of complications). Neither is it impossible that the presence of antibodies or hormonal factors also play a role. In any case, it is certainly important to do the best we can for normalizing the blood sugar and lipids levels. But how far must we go in the degree of control? What type of diet? Is it necessary to take the risks of hypoglycemic incidents? Must we recourse systematically to insulin pumps? Because many problems are not yet resolved we must collect valuable data on the late prognosis of IDD, in different therapeutic approaches. Unfortunately most of the numerous statistics about complications are really of no value. This fundamental question will be discussed. A plea will be made for utilizing in diabetology the actuarial method used now for many years by cancerologists.
Genetic and Diagnostic Studies of Mental Retardation
Authors: Ohdo Shozo , Ikeda Kakuya , Naritomi Kenji , Madokoro Harumichi , Tanaka Hiroshi , Terawaki Tamotsu 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe etiologies of 866 patients with mental retardation who visited the outpatient clinic were studied, being classified by the period when the causes were estimated to have occurred.The results revealed that a majority, 657 patients (75.9%), were in the prenatal group. Among the patients who belonged to the prenatal group, 260 patients (30%) exhibited chromosomal aberrations. Chromosomal aberrations were sporadically noted in 248 patients (96.9%), and the number of patients originating from balanced translocation of either parent was 8 (3.1%).Hereditary diseases were recognized in 53 patients (6.1%), among whom 2 patients with fragile X‐linked mental retardation were detected.The number of patients who belonged to the perinatal and postnatal groups was markedly few.
Glomerular Basement Membrane Antigens in Various Renal Diseases in Childhood
Authors: Miyata Hiroshi , Yamamoto Takashi , Murata Ryogo , Makai Sunao 
Published: October 2007

AbstractUrinary glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antigens were determined by radioimmunoassay in children with various glomerular diseases. The excretion of the GBM protein antigens was about one mg/g of urinary protein in most patients, except for patients with minimal change nephrosis. Although the GBM antigens were not uniform substances, the excretion of the GBM glycoprotein antigens was greatest in patients with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.
Munchausen's Syndrome in Children: Bizarre Clinical and Laboratory Features
Authors: Abe Kazuo , Shinozima Kazunori , Okuno Akihiro , Abe Takeshi , Ochi Hitoshi 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA 10‐ year‐old girl showed macroscopic hematuria, purpuric rash, bloody stool and complained of abdominal pain and joint pain for three years. The extensive investigations including intravenous urography, cystoscopy, barium enema, upper gastrointestinal X‐rays, sigmoidoscopy and renal biopsy failed to reveal the sources of bleeing for urinary anmd gastrointestinal tracts and to explain abdominal and joint pains. the major blood group of the patient was B, while that in the urine obtained by the patient without supervised conditions was A or AB. This finding indicated that macroscopic hematuria was factitious in origin and the patient stated that symptoms were fabricated by herself.The various psychological tests failed to disclose the motives for this bizarre behavior and to obtain the evidence of psychosis.This case presents the youngest and fourth case of Munchausen's syndrome in children and suggests that when bizarre clinical and laboratory findings are observed, Munchausen's syndrome should be suspected and its consideration may obviate harmful and unnecessary investigations as well as medications.
Inflammatory Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma: Report of a Case Which Responded Well to Cis‐Diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP)
Authors: Fukazawa Keiji , Koiso Yoshitaka , Ikuta Koichiro , Sasaki Hideki , Matsuyama Shusuke , Misugi Kazuaki , Aoki Ichiro , Shimada Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA case of 5‐yeardd girl with inflammatory malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of omental origin is reported. This patient is the youngest reported case of inflammatory variant of MFH and had clinical signs of systemic inflammation. She had three operations followed by combination chemotherapy with vincris tine, actinomycin‐D, cyclophosphamide and adriam ycin which did not prevent recurrence. After the administration of intravenous cis‐diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP), the tumor disappeared completely. She had a total of five courses of CDDP therapy (total 525 mg/m2), and has now been disease‐free for 28 months.
Hyper‐lgE, Pelger‐Huët Anomaly and Chromosome 22s+ in an Infant with Skin Abscesses
Authors: Matsumoto Tomoaki , Miyamoto Yoshiyuki , Yamaguchi Kazunari , Yoshimura Teizo 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe describe a 10‐month‐old male who suffered from atopic eczema, lymphadenitis of the neck and staphylococcal deep skin abscesses which had required surgical treatment. Laboratory findings revealed peripheral blood eosiniphilia, extremely elevated serum IgE level, congenital Pelger‐Huët (P‐H) anomaly and chromosome karyotype 46, XY with enlarged satellite of chromosome 22 (22s+). Levels of other immunoglobulin classes and lymphocyte functions were within normal ranges as compared with normal subjects. Enzymatic and functional examinations of neutrophils also appeared normal. The familial study of this patient revealed that 22s+ was inherited from the maternal pedigree and seemed to be associated with P‐H anomaly. Clinical and immunological features suggest that he suffered from atopic eczema as well as P‐H anomaly rather than the kind of immunodeficiency disease known as “hyperimmuno‐globulinemia E syndrom.” 22s+ did not seem to exert an important effect on his clinical disorders.
Allergy: Advances in Care of Children with Asthma
Authors: Aas Kjeli 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThere is an enormous gap between an optimal approach built on a scientific fundament of up‐dated knowledge, and practice limited by lack of resources and/or failing education. Advances have been made in our knowledge and understanding of basic mechanisms, mode of action of various causative factors and different pathophysiological reaction patterns and the heterogeneity of the patient population in question. This has provided a better basis for understanding and treating the child.Methods and tools for diagnosis and assessment of pulmonary function have been somewhat improved at the same time as better tools and drugs for management have been developed.Parallel to this pediatricians have also made progress as to consciousness and consideration for the consequences that a chronic disease such as asthma may have for the child and his family, and with better understanding of family dynamics. This has laid the cornerstone for a much needed holistic medical approach to asthma in children and adolescents.
GENERAL ASPECTS: Sex Education in Japan
Authors: Hayashi Kenji 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe purpose of the present paper is to illustrate sex education in Japan, shedding light on its historical background.Firstly, the ideas of sex education and the social environments from the Edo period up to modern times are mentioned. Secondly, the current sexual activities of young people, based on nation‐wide sampling surveys, are discussed. Geographical variation of teenage fertility in Japan is shown as well. Finally, the paper describes the recent activities of the educational profession in sex education and the measures taken by the Administration to cope with the rise in teenage pregnancies.
SCREENING SYSTEM: School Physical Examination and Mass Ophthalmic Screening
Authors: Kozaki Masaru , Tanaka Hisako 
Published: October 2007

AbstractOphthalmic school examination serves not only in early detection and treatment of ocular diseases, but also in protecting the visual health school children need for study. The most important problem in this regard is considered to be the management of refractive error.Although in the past the most common refractive error in school children was myopia, recent investigations have revealed that hyperopia, hyperopic astigmatism and mixed astigmatism are more frequent; moreover, these conditions are more obstructive than is myopia. Urgently needed in school health service therefore is the development of a counterplan to clarify the actual extent of refractive error in children and perform the proper management thereof.For this purpose we have developed a system of mass screening to evaluate refractive error. The system comprises an autorefractometer and a small computer for data analysis. This is recommended for further ophthalmic school mass screening in view of its high efficiency and capacity for statistical analysis.
CONTROL AND DAILY CARE OF SICK CHILDREN AT SCHOOL: Psychosomatic Disorders in School
Authors: Abe Tadayoshi 
Published: October 2007

AbstractOrthostatic dysregulation (OD) is a clinical entity, which shows various symptoms such as vertigo on standing up, fainting in the standing position and various unspecific symptoms and signs. OD has been mainly studied by European and Japanese pediatricians.OD is a common condition that mainly occurs at the adolescent age and manifests its symptoms during spring and summer. The cause of OD is a dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, but psychosomatic disorders are considered to be the underlying condition in the mechanism of the disorder.Family studies suggest that the constitution of OD is a heritable condition. The possible mechanism of OD and the significance of a small heart in cases with OD are discusses.
A Case of Transient Neonatal Hypothyroidism due to an Organification Defect of Iodide
Authors: Ono Seigo , Jitosho Tamotsu , Maeda Shizuhiko , Miyata Koichiro 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe patient was the product of fullterm pregnancy with no complication. The screening TSH result was high (134 μ U/ml) at five days of age, and low T3 (1.37 ng/ml) and T4 (1.2 μ g/dl) levels were detected at 23 days of age. The thyroidal 123 I‐uptake and the thiocyanate discharge test revealed that the cause of her thyroid insufficiency was an organification defect of iodide. Remission occurred during therapy, and the repeated thyroidal 123I‐uptake and the thiocyanate discharge test showed improvement. She had no other factor which has been previously reported and could have caused the transient hypothyroidism.This case supports the hypothesis that the cause of transient neonatal hypothyroidism is a delay in the maturation of the enzymatic mechanisms involved in intrathyroidal hormonogenesis.
Penetration of Antimicrobial Agents into Phagocytic Cells Using Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes of Chronic Granulomatous Disease
Authors: Yanai Masanori , Hayashi Katsutoshi , Maeda Hidenori , Mori Koichi , Tsuji Yoshiro 
Published: October 2007

AbstractPolymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) obtained from a chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) patient, pooled serum and bacteria were preincubated. CGD PMNs containing viable bacteria were then incubated for 60 minutes with either DL‐8280, SMX, TMP, ABPC, or GM.Only DL‐8280 killed almost all intracellular and extracellular E. coli ON2, whereas other antimicrobial agents eradicated only extracellular E. coli. In contrast, Staph. aureus was not killed by direct exposure to DL‐8280 for 60 minutes. This method using CGD PMNs preincubated with bacteria is useful for studies of the bactericidal agents penetrating into PMNs and inhibiting intracellular bacteria. DL‐8280 did not affect the control PMNs function when preincubated with PMNs. According to these data, DL‐8280 is able to penetrate CGD PMNs and kill the intracellular E. coli.
A Serological Study of Human Polyomavirus BK (BKV) in Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome ‐ Detection of BKV‐Specific IgM Antibody
Authors: Sato Shigehiro , Kawana Naganori , Chokan Hirohito , Wada Yasuhiro , Kawana Rinji 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn 38 nephrotic syndrome patients, 21.1% (8/38) of the patients had high BKV‐HI titers of 1:640 or higher and this incidence was much greater (p<0.001) than that of healthy controls (2.1%; 11/548), diabetes mellitus patients (2.1%; 2/94), and pregnant women (3.4%; 6/176). A higher incidence (15.8%; 6/38) of CF antibody titers, more than 1:16, was also observed in nephrotic syndrome patients in comparison to age‐matched healthy controls (3.2%; 7/220, p<0.005). In the sequential study of BK antibodies in 13 patients with nephrotic syndrome over a period of 16 months, we found one case where the CF titer developed from 1:4 to 1:64 and the titers of 1:32 to 1:64 lasted for 6 months (observation period). Long‐lasting high CF titers were also shown in 2 other patients where the CF titer of 1:32 to 1:64 lasted for more than 16 months. BKV‐specific IgM antibody was screened in 4 patients by 2‐ME treatment of IgM fractions of the sera which had high CF titers and 2 of these 4 patients revealed the IgM antibody. Although the detected IgM HI‐antibody titers were low (1:2 to 1:16), the IgM antibody could be confirmed by immune electron microscopy. From a serological view, BKV‐specific IgM antibody detected in the patients with nephrotic syndrome seemed to be a result of reactivation of a latent vids. There was no obvious association between the serological findings and frequency of relapse (albuminuria).