bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Cauda Equina Syndrome: A Rare Extra‐Articular Manifestation of Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Case Report
Authors: TRAVIS R.C. , BYRNE P. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA patient with long standing ankylosing spondylitis later developed a rare complication, the cauda equina syndrome, and associated lumbar thecal diverticulae. The pathogenesis of this condition and its investigation using radiological techniques are discussed.
Primary Brain Lymphoma
Authors: LEANEY BARRY J. , MARTIN JOHN J. , LAWSON JAMES B. , QUONG GEORGE C. , LIEW KUEN H. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe broad spectrum of C.T. findings in a group of 15 patients with primary brain lymphoma are reviewed. An attempt has been made to emphasize the more typical lesion characteristics, including location, definition, multiplicity and attenuation, both prior to and following contrast administration. Clinical presentation, changing C.T. appearances following radiotherapy and ultimate prognosis are briefly described. Differential diagnoses and their significance for management are discussed.
Demonstration of Intrabiliary Rupture of Hepatic Hydatid Cysts by Retrograde Cholangiography
Authors: DOYLE T.C.A. , ROBERTS‐THOMSON I.C. , DUDLEY F.J. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTIntrabiliary rupture of hepatic hydatid cysts was demonstrated by retrograde cholangio‐graphy in five cases of hydatidosis complicated by abdominal pain, jaundice or cholangitis. The bile duct contained typical laminated membrane in two cases, daughter cysts in two cases and membrane fragments in one case. In three of five cases there was marked displacement of the left and right hepatic ducts due to the location of the cyst close to the Mum of the liver. Endoscopic sphincterotomy resulted in spontaneous passage of biliary hydatid material in two cases in whom rupture was accompanied by jaundice and cholangitis.
Perirenal Cobwebs: A Sign of Aortic Aneurysm Rupture
Authors: ALBERTYN LYNDA E. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTSince venous collaterals were described in 1981 as causing linear densities in the perirenal fat, the list of causes of perirenal cobwebs has continued to grow. Inflammatory and neoplastic processes, particularly those originating in the kidney, may produce similar appearances.If no cause for the cobwebs is found in the kidney, extrarenal pathology should be considered, in particular acute pancreatitis and aortic aneurysm rupture.Four patients are described who all demonstrated unilateral perirenal cobwebs in association with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms. It is postulated that blood enters the perinephric fat through weak points in the renal fascia caused by the entrance of vessels.
Tubal Intramural Polyps: Incidence and Radiographic Demonstration
Authors: REASBECK JANE , WYNN‐WILLIAMS GILES , GILLETT WAYNE 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYA review of hysterosalpingograms performed between January 1979 and June 1983 showed the incidence of polyps at the cornual region of the fallopian tube to be 10.5%. A subsequent, limited review, based on a change in radiographic technique suggested that the in cidence may be even higher when the abnormalities are actively sought and optimally demonstrated.The purpose of this report is to bring these tubal abnormalities to the attention of radiologists, in the hope that increased recognition will result in greater understanding of their pathogenesis and significance.
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma in a Child —A Case Report
Authors: KAPOOR RAVI , GOMBER SUNIL , SAHA MADAN M. , CHATURVEDI UMA , MITTAL S.K. , GUPTA A.K. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA very rare case of pleural mesothelioma occuring in an 11 year old male child is presented. The diagnosis was initially suspected on ultrasound and later confirmed by computed tomography (CT), bronchogram and biopsy.
Dynamic CT Discography: An Evaluation of a New Technique
Authors: BUIRSKI GRAHAM , WATT IAIN 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA comparison has been made of CT Discography with standard discograms in 19 consecutive patients (51 discs).An assessment of the degree and presence of nuclear degeneration on axial scans was com parable to the images obtained by lateral and Ap discograms. CT confirmed that the injection of contrast medium was nuclear in position particularly in technically difficult patients. It readily distinguished a posterolateral nuclear prolapse from the artefact caused by extravasation from the needle tract. Symptomatic discs were iden tified in 10 patients all of which had posterior disc bulges on prediscogram CT images. The presence of a normal disc contour on CT does not, however, exclude nuclear degeneration or prolapse: this was seen in 10 asymptomatic discs. In the postoperative patient, CT provided useful information about the facet joints and the solidity of fusion grafts. Flexion and extension axial images (dynamic studies) provided no further useful information.CT discography is not recommended for routine use, but may provide a useful adjunct in assessing the nucleus when the discogram has been technically difficult and in the postoperative patient. Prelimary axial scans prior to discography may be used to localise abnormal disc margins suggesting the levels at which provocational studies may be successful. This would avoid unnecessary invasive investigations at non‐bulging discs.
Choledocholithiasis —An Ultrasonic Study with Comparative Evaluation with ERCP/PTC.
Authors: Bhargava Sneh , Vashisht Sushma , Kakaria A. , Tandon R. K. , Berry M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT53 cases of choledocholithiasis evaluated by US revealed documented evidence of calculi in 34 patients giving an overall sensitivity of 64%. Factors that increase the individual accuracy of detection are the larger duct size, upper location of the calculi and technique of evaluation. The different degrees of accuracies obtained with each of the above factors is discussed.
Skeletal Manifestations of Idiopathic Bone Sclerosis
Authors: CARTER BRUCE C. , NGUYEN VUNG , CONE ROBERT O. , BLUMHARDT RALPH 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTSix cases of idiopathic bone sclerosis involving the distal extremities are presented. The lesion demonstrates cortical and endosteal thickening parallel to the long axis of the involv ed bone without concomittant soft tissue or other bone abnormality. Differential diagnoses are discussed. TWO cases with long‐term follow‐up demonstrate the radiographic stability of the condition arid its lack of activity with radionuclide bone imaging.
Unclassified Osteochondrodystrophies with Extreme Platyspondyly (Report of two cases)
Authors: KOZLOWSKI K. , SCOUGALL J. , HOCKEY A. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYTwo girls with different unclassified bone dysplasias characterised by severe, generalised platyspondyly are reported. In view of unrewar ding biochemical investigations the clinico‐radiographic examinations remain the most im portant method of evaluation in this group of diseases.
Ultrasound in Chest Disease: 2. Lung and Mediastinurn
Authors: FATAAR SHADLEY 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTRetrospective study of 41 chest ultrasound examinations on 35 patients over 12 months. Of25 pulmonary lesions, ten demonstrated evidence of pneumonia with associated pleural fluid in five and breakdown in two. Five patients had atelectasis and nine peripheral tumours were examined, with seven of these being needled under ultrasound‐guidance. One false‐negative study attributed the pattern of alveolar cell carcinoma to bronchopneumonia. In ten patients with mediastinal prominence or mass lesions, three were due to arterial or venous dilatation, four due to cysts, and three solid mass lesions due to two retrosternal goitres and one teratoma.
Lumbar Posterior Vertebral Spur
Authors: SOPER JUDY 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTTen cases of displacement of the posterior lumbar rim apophysis are presented. Four in adolescents occurring as acute injuries and six in adults with long histories of back pain. Three members of the latter group had radiological evidence of Scheuermann's Disease elsewhere in the spine. The radiological appearances of the displaced rim are discussed. Included is a case in which MRI demonstrates a bony spur attached to the posterior surface of the L4 vertebra and protruding into the spinal canal.
Radiology of Abdominal Tuberculosis
Authors: KAPOOR V.K. , CHATTOPADHYAY T.K. , SHARMA L.K. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTRadiological findings in 70 cases of abdominal tuberculosis are presented and their diagnostic value assessed. Evidence of tuberculosis was seen on chest X‐ray in half of the cases while plain X‐rays of the abdomen were positiye in thee‐quarters of the cases. Chest X‐rays and abdominal X‐rays were positive respectively in 80% and 100% of the patients presenting with acute complications viz. obstruction, perforation and peritonitis. Barium studies were found to be of help in diagnosis (81%) although both false‐positive and false‐negative findings were observed. Ileocecal and colonic lesions were seen on barium enema whereas barium meal‐follow through better demonstrated the lesions in the small intestine. Barium studies were, however, inadequate in detecting multiple lesions and often incorrect in indicating the site of the lesion.Diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis is mainly clinical and is further strengthened by positive chest and abdominal X‐rays. Barium studies corroborate the diagnosis when these X‐rays are negative. Barium enema visualises the ileocecal and colonic lesions whereas the lesions in the small intestine are better demonstrated by barium meal follow through.
Comparison of Urograms using Ionic Contrast, Non‐Ionic Contrast and Non‐Ionic Contrast with Mannitol
Authors: LOVEIT I. , BENN I. V. , BENNESS G. , DOUST B. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTUrograms were performed on sixty patients and patients were randomly allocated to one of three groups. One group of patients received ionic contrast, one group received non‐ionic contrast agent alone, and one group received non‐ionic contrast agent with Mannitol. All patients had normal renal function. The nephrographic phase of the urograms performed with non‐ionic contrast agent, with or without Mannitol, were no better than those performed with ionic contrast agent. However the pyelographic phase of the urograms were better using non‐ionic agent than those using ionic contrast media.
The Value of Computed Tomography in Radiation Treatment for Multiple Myeloma
Authors: NORTH C.J. , BENJAMIN C.S. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTPlain radiography has traditionally been used in the radiological evaluation of multiple myeloma. Frequently, however, plain radiographs are inconclusive even in the presence of active disease. Computed tomography is a specific and sensitive modality that can detect early destructive bone lesions not shown by plain radiographs.
Pneumatosis coli producing colo‐colic intussusception: A Case Report
Authors: WANG SHIH‐CHANG , GOODMAN B. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTPneumatosis coli, a non‐neoplastic condition characterised by intramural colonic gas cysts, is a not uncommon entity with an uncertain pathogenesis. It is one of the variants of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. It is a very rare cause of intussusception. A case of cob colic intussusception secondary to pneumatosis coli is reported ‐ to our knowledge for the first time in the English literature.
A Controlled Trial of Misonidazole in the Curative Treatment of Infiltrating Bladder Cancer
Authors: BYDDER P.V. , BURRY A.F. , GOWLAND S. , BOURNE R.G. , CHAPMAN P. , FIRTH L.A. , GRAY A.J. , McILROY R. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTBetween 1980 and 1983 a total of 89 patients with infiltrating transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder were entered in a multi centre randomised controlled clinical trial with either misonidazole or placebo added to the first 40.00 Gy of radiotherapy. Depending on their referring clinican, patients then completed treatment with either further radiotherapy to a radical dose, or surgery four weeks later. All patients have been followed up for a minimum of three years, and no significant difference has been found in local control, survival, or pathological downstaging of the tumour. The neurotoxicity was considerable, with 43% of patients receiving misonidazole developing a peripheral neuropathy, starting five weeks on average after beginning treatment, and with a mean duration of 27 months. Eighty per cent of patients affected still had peripheral neuropathy at three years or their prior death. There is a suggestion that alcohol may predispose to the neuropathy. This study failed to show any benefit of misonidazole in tumour control and produced unacceptably high levels of toxicity.
Dominant Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia — A Family Study Over Five Generations
Authors: TAYLOR D.B. , SPRAGUE P. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA two month old male infant being investigated for nasal obstruction was noted to have the typical facies and radiological changes of craniometaphyseal dysplasia.Investigation of the family detected 9 individuals in 4 generations with radiological evidence of craniometaphyseal dysplasia. Their ages ranged from 2 months to 70 years. Three presented with nasal obstruction, one with facial nerve dysfunction and three had developed deafness in or before their third decade. Two were asymptomatic. One family member, now dead, was known to have had early onset of deafness but had not been examined or X‐rayed.All of the affected individuals were noted to have had the typical facies in childhood. Characteristic radiological findings in the cranium and long bones were present to a varying degree and were most prominent in those presenting in infancy.
Ewing's Tumour of Rib Presenting as Chest Mass
Authors: KHASTIGIR T. , KAPOOR R. , KULPATI D.D.S. , SAHA M.M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA case of Swing's tumour of rib presenting as chest mass is reported. The role of computed tomography and chest ultrasound in evaluating such patients is discussed along with a brief review of literature.
The CT Appearances of Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: GARB M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThere is no place for investigative CT scans in patients who have the classical triad of abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture, namely excruciating abdominal pain or backache, a pulsatile mass and hypotension. These patients require immediate surgery. However, in the absence of this triad, CT scans play an important role in the diagnosis of abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture. The CT scan findings will dictate whether the patient requires immediate surgery as in the case of acute rupture, or, whether the surgery can be delayed up to 24 hours to allow for stabilisation and hydration, as in the case of subacute and chronic rupture.
A Case Report of Central Nervous System Lymphoma Following Immunosupression
Authors: INGRAM J. , BENJAMIN C.S. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA patient is presented who developed CNS lymphoma following a renal transplant. The lymphoma had the typical radiographic appearances of CNS lymphoma and responded to conventional radiotherapy. He is clinically well 12 months after completing radiotherapy. The question of whether these tumours are true lymphomas has yet to be answered and the optimal radiotherapy dose is not determined.ABSTRACTLymphoma is a well recognised complication of immunosuppression. A case is presented of a patient who developed CNS lymphoma thirty‐three months after renal transplantation. The incidence and characteristics of lymphoma developing post‐transplantation and the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas are discussed.
Iliac Artery Aneurysms Presenting as Large Pelvic Masses
Authors: ARENSON ANNA MARIE , GRAHAM ROBERT , HAMILTON PAUL , MITCHELL STEVEN 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTIliac artery aneurysms are rare but potentially lethal. Radiographic diagnosis is imperative as they can be asymptomatic. Five cases of iliac artery aneurysms are presented.
Some DSA Testing Methods and an Evaluation of Eight Available Units
Authors: MCLEAN I.D. , COLLINS L.T. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTEight DSA units in the Sydney region were evaluated by a set of simple performance tests.Low contrast resolution and iodine sensitivity tests exhibited the most variation between the six fully tested units.A range of performance levels was measured. Four of the eight units required adjustment by the manufacturers' service engineer after testing.The evaluation of those units considered satisfactory by both the manufacturers and the operators indicated that the fully interfaced, integral units gave better results than the earlier ‘add on’ units.
Intracranial Aneurysmal Rupture and Ventricular Opacification During Carotid Angiography
Authors: JAYAKUMAR P.N. , JAIN V.K. , RAO T. VASUDEVAL , ARYA B.Y.T. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA case of intra‐angiography rupture of an aneurysm, a rarity, is reported. It was confirmed by CT Scan and autopsy. The aneurysm ruptured despite taking all precautions recommended in the literature. This complication may be reduced by the use of non‐ionic contrast media and slow flow rate injections.
MRI — The Investigation of Choice in Syringomyelia?
Authors: DOWLING RICHARD J. , TRESS BRIAN M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTDuring a 12 month period of operation of a 0.3 Tesla MRI iron cored resistive scanner 74 cases of syr‐ingomyelia were diagnosed on clinical, radiological and/or surgical grounds. Without knowledge of any clinical or radiological data the syrinxes were classified into five groups — idiopathic, idiopathic associated with Chiari malformation, tumour associated, post‐traumatic and arachnoiditis associated — and the lesion characteristics within each group were compared.Although MRI was extremely sensitive in picking up even small syrinxes, there was considerable overlap of MRI characteristics across the sub‐groups, so that two post‐traumatic syrinxes had lesion characteristics identifiable with those of tumour syrinx and one in‐tramedullary tumour syrinx had the MRI characteristics of a benign, idiopathic syrinx. It is concluded that meticulous attention to technique, including axial as well as sagittal T1 weighted sequences, and the administration of intravenous paramagnetic contrast media are necessary for detection and accurate classification of syrinxes.
Does “Black” Brain Mean Doom? Computed Tomography in the Prediction of Outcome in Children with Severe Head Injuries: “Benign” vs “Malignant” Brain Swelling
Authors: WHYTE KERRY M. , PASCOE MARK 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA retrospective review of initial and subsequent CT scans of 179 children who has suffered severe head injury requiring admission to intensive care was performed. The aim was to define the CT appearance which was always associated with a poor outcome. The children whose brain showed poor definition of basal ganglia and grey‐white differentiation overall, together with sufficient swelling to obliterate the ambient cistern and third ventricle always died or remained in a vegetative state. Over half of these had reduced brain density, and several had small focal high densities consistent with contusions or petechial haemorrhages. A typical appearance showed homogeneous scans at the levels of the ambient cistern and thalami with no normal internal brain detail. Conversely obliteration of the ambient cistern associated with a large surface collection was compatible with complete recovery if grey‐white definition remained normal and treatment was prompt.
A Short Illustrated History of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: VAUGHAN BERNARD 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe principles of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) evolved during the late 1970s and early years of the following decade. The author was fortunate in being able to visit many of the pioneer research projects in the U.K. and U.S.A. and attend two conferences. This paper briefly describes these projects and their role in the evolution of the present technology, illustrated by photographs obtained from colour slides taken during these visits.
Haemorrhagic Pseudocyst of the Adrenal in an Adult (A Case Report)
Authors: CHALLA SUDHA , JEBAKUMAR ANDREW , GEORGE MARIAM , WILLIAM RANJAN R. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTAn adult female patient presenting with a cystic abdominal mass and intermittent fever, was found at surgery to have a large cyst of the left adrenal gland. The imaging findings and pathology of this uncommon entity are discussed.
Eosinophilic Granuloma of Mandible in an Adult (A Case Report)
Authors: CHOWDHURY A.D. , NAGAPPAN R. , BENJAMIN C.S. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYA case of mono‐ostotic eosinophilic granuloma localised to the mandible of an adult patient is described. The role of low dose radiation therapy as a curative modality is discussed.
Balloon Dilatation of Esophageal Strictures
Authors: SAWHNEY SUKHPAL , JAIN RAJEEV , BERRY MANORAMA 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe Gruntzig balloon dilatation catheter is an invaluable tool for the dilatation of long and narrow oesophageal strictures which are not amenable to other forms of dilatation. We present our experience of 43 dilatations of oesophageal strictures in 14 patients without any significant complications. This procedure resulted in significant symptom‐free periods in all patients, and the resultant improved nutritional status of these patients prepared them for surgery.
CT Peritoneography in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Authors: OSBORNE T. M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTContinuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) is a common method of treatment for patients with renal failure. Complications however are frequent and often force the abandonment of this form of treatment. The radiological evaluation of these complications is important as it can modify the subsequent treatment.Using conventional CT techniques it is often difficult to differentiate loculated intra‐peritoneal collections from residual dialysis fluid. It may also be difficult to demonstrate the site of leakage into the extra‐peritoneal structures. The use of CT peritoneography (CTP) provides a method of improving diagnosis in these patients.Hypodense intra‐peritoneal collections are readily appreciated against a background of hyperdense dialysis fluid. Sites of leakage into the extra‐peritoneal soft tissues can likewise be rapidly identified. The abnormalities detected in this series include a pelvic abscess, and leakage down the inguinal canal, around the Tenckhoff catheter and through the anterior abdominal wall.CTP is recommended as the examination of choice in dialysis patients with suspected leaks or collections. The findings aid in planning subsequent surgical treatment and prevent unnecessary surgical exploration.
Plain Film and Arthrographic Findings in Painful Total Hip Arthroplasties with Surgical Correlation
Authors: CAIN TIMOTHY M. , FON GERALD T. , BRUMBY SCOTT , HOWIE DONALD W. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe plain films and arthrograms performed on 42 painful cemented hip arthroplasties in 40 patients were reviewed and the radiological findings compared to the surgical assessment of component stability. All radiography, which included Judet views in the plain films, was reviewed without knowledge of the surgical findings and without comparison with previous studies. Criteria for the detection of loosening of cemented femoral and acetabular components were predetermined.The accuracy of plain film assessment of acetabular component stability was increased significantly (p<0.05) by including oblique views in the plain film assessment. The accuracy of assessment of acetabular component stability on plain films was 88%, on arthrography 90% and, with both studies combined, was 98%. Femoral component stability was assessed accurately on 90% of plain films and 90% of arthrograms, and this was not improved by combining the studies. The difficulty of detecting low grade infections is discussed with results of pseudocapsule aspiration.