bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-effectiveness analysis of Tislelizumab vs Sorafenib as the first-line treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chen Qiuping , Sun Quan , Zhang Jing , Li Baixue , Feng Quansheng , Liu Jibin 
Published: March 2024

Background
To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Tislelizumab vs Sorafenib as the first-line treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from the perspective of the Chinese health service system.

Methods
A lifetime partitioned survival model (PSM) was developed to cost-effectively analyze Tislelizumab vs Sorafenib as the first-line treatment of unresectable HCC. The clinical and safety data were derived from a recently randomized clinical trial (RATIONALE-301). Utilities were collected from the published literature. Costs were obtained from an open-access database (http://www.yaozh.com) and previous studies. The model cycle was 21 days, according to the RATIONALE-301 study, and the simulation period was patients’ lifetime. Long-term direct medical costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were determined. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was used as the evaluation index. one-way sensitivity analysis (OSWA) and probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) were used to analyze the uncertainty of parameters and to adjust and verify the stability of the baseline results.

Results
The Tislelizumab group generated a cost of $39,746.34 and brought health benefits to 2.146 QALYs, while the cost and utility of the Sorafenib group were $26750.95 and 1.578 QALYs, respectively. The Tislelizumab group increased QALYs by 0.568, the incremental cost was $12995.39, and the ICER was $22869.64/QALY, lower than the willingness to pay threshold (WTP). OSWA results showed that the utility of progressed disease (PD), cost of Camrelizumab, and cost of Tislelizumab were the main factors affecting the ICER. PSA results showed that, within 1000 times the Monte Carlo simulation, the cost of the Tislelizumab group was lower than three times the per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of China ($37653/QALY). The cost-effectiveness acceptability curves (CEAC) revealed that when WTP was no less than $12251.00, the Tislelizumab group was the dominant scheme, and the economic advantage grew with an increasing WTP. When WTP ≥ $19000.00, the Tislelizumab group became the absolute economic advantage.

Conclusion
Under the current economic conditions in China, the Tislelizumab therapeutic scheme is more cost-effective than the Sorafenib therapeutic scheme for treating patients with unresectable HCC.
Effects of Firm-Level Entrepreneurship Orientation on Digital Transformation in SMEs: The Moderating Role of Strategic Agility
Authors: Satar Mir Shahid , Alshibani Safiya Mukhtar , Alarifi Ghadah 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The study investigates the effects of firm-level entrepreneurship orientation (EO) dimensions of innovativeness, risk-taking, and proactiveness on digital transformation (DT) in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) while considering their interactions with the organization’s strategic agility. The study hypothesizes that all three firm-level EO dimensions are positively associated with DT within SMEs and that strategic agility positively moderates this effect. The study’s data came from a survey of 122 Saudi SMEs, where digitalization has recently emerged as a potential approach to transforming SMEs. The data analysis results from Smart PLS 3.0 provide complete support for the hypotheses. The study is one of the first to investigate the firm-level EO in the context of DT and provides implications for strategizing the SME’s DT by capitalizing on the firm’s EO intensity. As a result, the study contributes to entrepreneurship and management research vis-à-vis the current digitalization discourse.
Changes in regional tissue oxygen saturation values during the first week of life in stable preterm infants
Authors: Kazmi Sadaf H. , Verma Sourabh , Bailey Sean M. , Mally Pradeep , Desai Purnahamsi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive method for monitoring regional tissue oxygen saturation (rSO2). The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes that occur in cerebral, splanchnic, and renal rSO2 and fractional tissue oxygen extraction (FTOE) in stable preterm infants in the first week of life.

Methods
Prospective observational study of infants born 30–34 weeks gestation at NYU Langone Health between November 2017 and November 2018. Cerebral, renal, and splanchnic rSO2 were monitored from 12 to 72 h of life, and at seven days. Subjects were divided into gestational age (GA) cohorts. Average rSO2, splanchnic cerebral oxygen ratio (SCOR), FTOE, and regional intra-subject variability was calculated at each location at five different time intervals: 0–12 h, 12–24 h, 24–48 h, 48–72 h, and one week of life.

Results
Twenty subjects were enrolled. The average cerebral rSO2 ranged from 76.8 to 92.8 %, renal rSO2 from 65.1 to 91.1 %, and splanchnic rSO2 from 36.1 to 76.3 %. The SCOR ranged from 0.45 to 0.94. The strongest correlation between the GA cohorts was in the cerebral region (R2=0.94) and weakest correlation was in the splanchnic region (R2=0.81). The FTOE increased in all three locations over time. Intra-subject variability was lowest in the cerebral region (1.3 % (±1.9)).

Conclusions
The cerebral region showed the strongest correlation between GA cohorts and lowest intra-subject variability, making it the most suitable for clinical use when monitoring for tissue hypoxia. Further studies are needed to further examine rSO2 in preterm infants.
Kriegel and Timmons on the Phenomenology of Kantian Respect for Persons. A Critique
Authors: Schönecker Dieter 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Recently, Uriah Kriegel and Mark Timmons have suggested a “phenomenology of Kantian Respect for Persons”. They offer a reconstruction of Kant’s own account of the phenomenology of respect for persons as well as a refinement of their own. I shall argue that at least with regard to their reconstruction of Kant’s account, they do not succeed. There are a number of shortcomings, the most grievous of which is that Kant does offer a detailed phenomenology of respect in his second Critique which Kriegel and Timmons, however, pay no attention to.
Investigation of a highly efficient foaming mixture compromising cationic Gemini-zwitterionic-anionic surfactants for gas well deliquification
Authors: Han Weiwei , Lv Hongmiao , Fan Jiabao , Qiang Taotao , Liu Chenwei , Ji Yue , Dong Sanbao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Foamers with high resistance to condensate, salinity and high temperature play a crucial role in gas well deliquification. In this study, we developed an efficient foaming mixture containing a Gemini surfactant (CAGB), a betaine surfactant (CAPB) and sodium lauroyl glutamate (SLG), which exhibited excellent foaming performance (at a molar ratio of 3:3:4 and a dosage of 20 mmol L−1) with a foam volume of 440 mL and a half-life of 11 min. The optimized CAGB/CAPB/SLG mixture showed exceptional liquid unloading and foaming ability under high methanol (up to 40 vol.%) and condensate (up to 50 vol.%) content conditions. Trisodium aminotriacetate (NTA) facilitated the liquid unloading performance at a salinity of 90 g L−1. With 10 vol.% methanol, the liquid unloading rate of CAGB/CAPB/SLG foam at 90 °C could be increased to 90 %. Furthermore, surface tension and morphology analysis confirmed the presence of synergy within the CAGB/CAPB/SLG mixture in foaming, foam stabilizing and liquid unloading ability.
Revised pre-Younger Dryas chronocultural sequence at the Pilauco site, north-western Patagonia (40°–44°S)
Authors: Pérez-Balarezo Antonio , Pino Mario , Navarro-Harris Ximena , Abarzúa Ana M. , Fritte Daniel , Tello Francisco , Aguilera Ignacio 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis project in southern Chile's Lake Region analysed late Pleistocene human–environment interactions. Two field seasons in 2020 and 2022 provided a new lithic collection dating to around 17 300–12 800 cal BP, which indicates human presence in north-western Patagonia prior to the Younger Dryas period.
Excitatory spinal Lhx9-derived interneurons modulate locomotor frequency in mice
Authors: Bertho Maëlle , Caldeira Vanessa , Hsu Li-Ju , Löw Peter , Borgius Lotta , Kiehn Ole 
Published: March 2024

Locomotion allows us to move and interact with our surroundings. Spinal networks that control locomotion produce rhythm, left-right and flexor-extensor coordination. Several glutamatergic populations, Shox2 non-V2a, Hb9-derived interneurons and recently, spinocerebellar neurons have been proposed to be involved in the mouse rhythm generating networks. However, these cells make up only a smaller fraction of the excitatory cells in the ventral spinal cord. Here we set out to identify additional populations of excitatory spinal neurons that may be involved in rhythm generation or other functions in the locomotor network. For this, we use RNA-sequencing from glutamatergic, non-glutamatergic, and Shox2 cells in the neonatal mice from both sexes followed by differential gene expression analyses. These analyses identified transcription factors that are highly expressed by glutamatergic spinal neurons and differentially expressed between Shox2 neurons and glutamatergic neurons. From this latter category, we identified the Lhx9-derived neurons that have a restricted spinal expression pattern and do not overlap with Shox2 neurons. They are purely glutamatergic and ipsilaterally projecting. Ablation of the glutamatergic transmission or acute inactivation of the neuronal activity of Lhx9-derived neurons lead to a decrease in the frequency of locomotor-like activity with no change in coordination pattern. Optogenetic activation of Lhx9-derived neurons promotes locomotor-like activity and modulates the frequency of the ongoing drug-induced locomotor activity. Calcium activities of Lhx9-derived neurons in the upper lumbar cord show strong left-right out of phase rhythmicity during locomotor-like activity. Our study identifies a distinct population of spinal excitatory neurons that regulates the frequency of locomotor output with a suggested role in rhythm-generation in the mouse alongside other spinal populations.Significance StatementIpsilaterally-projecting excitatory interneurons play a crucial role in the generation of locomotor rhythms in the vertebrate spinal cord. While the Shox2, Hb9, and spinocerebellar tract neurons are known components involved in this behavior they represent only a fraction of the entire excitatory population in the spinal cord. In this study, we identify additional excitatory spinal populations that could be essential contributors to the locomotor circuitry and shed light on a new population of ipsilaterally-projecting excitatory neurons expressing the transcription factor Lhx9. Our findings show that this newly identified population has the capacity to modulate the locomotor frequency, suggesting a potential involvement in the rhythm generating network along other spinal neuronal populations.
EXPERIENCIA EDUCATIVA DE LA ESCUELA DE BIBLIOTECOLOGÍA Y CIENCIAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA TRAS EL BROTE DE LA ENFERMEDAD POR CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19)
Authors: Guadamuz-Villalobos Jairo , Mora-Coto Grettel 
Published: March 2024

A inicios del 2020, se afrontó una emergencia sanitaria provocada por el virus COVID-19, que trajo cambios en la economía, el trabajo y la educación. Esta última sufrió cambios en las estrategias didácticas que debieron ser adaptadas a la virtualidad. Con el fin de conocer la experiencia educativa de estudiantes y docentes de la Escuela de Bibliotecología y Ciencias de la Información de la Universidad de Costa Rica, se realizaron consultas para conocer las experiencias académicas desarrolladas para afrontar la crisis, los recursos con los que contaron, y la percepción sobre las nuevas modalidades virtuales. La comunidad estudiantil se mostró satisfecha con los cursos recibidos en esta modalidad, las clases magistrales sincrónicas y las tareas cortas fueron las actividades más realizadas, y tanto profesores como estudiantes coincidieron en la necesidad de mejorar la distribución del tiempo y la carga laboral. Las oportunidades de mejora identificadas se basan en la necesidad de capacitar a las poblaciones en el uso de tecnología y la organización del tiempo. La experiencia académica, aunque en términos generales fue satisfactori,a invita a prestar atención no solo al manejo adecuado de los recursos tecnológicos con fines educativos, sino a repensar las interacciones entre docentes y alumnos (estrategias didácticas), así como al desarrollo de otras habilidades que tienen que ver con la parte ejecutiva a nivel cerebral, como lo son la planificación y la organización de tareas.
Serological markers of sarcopenia in ages 65 and over
Authors: Safonova Yu. A. 
Published: March 2024

Aim. To determine serological markers of sarcopenia (SP) for use in general medical practice in people aged 65 years and older living independently.Materials and methods. The study included 230 people aged 65 years and older (70 men and 160 women, median age 75 [68; 79] years) were consulted in a medical institution in St. Petersburg. The diagnosis of SP was made according to the criteria of EWGSOP2 (2018). The laboratory examination included clinical and biochemical blood analysis, determine the level of 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), C-reactive protein (CRP).Results. The risk of SP increased at levels 25(OH)D less than 21 ng/mL (odds ratio 4.989; 95 % confidence interval 1.321–12.626; р = 0.0420), total protein less than 65 g/l (OR 8.567; 95 % CI 2.658–27.617; р = 0.00032), serum CRP 6 mg/l or more (OR 14.279; 95 % CI: 3.511–58.071; р = 0.00020) and decrease in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 62 ml/min/1.73 m2 (OR 12.108; 95 % CI 3.944–37.170; р = 0.00001). Conclusion. Serological markers of SP, such as vitamin D, total protein, C-reactive protein in blood serum and eGFR can be used in general medical practice.
Visual hallucinosis in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Nikitina A. Yu. , Melnikova N. V. , Moshetova L. K. , Levin O. S. 
Published: March 2024

Aim. To determine the effect of visual impairment on the formation of visual hallucinosis.Materials and methods. We studied 87 patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). The average age of the patients was 65.16 ± 8.22 years. The patients underwent a comprehensive neurological and ophthalmological examination, including optical coherence tomography of the retina.Results. The presence of visual hallucinosis was reported by 50.6 % of patients with PD. Extracampine hallucinations (ECH) are the most common. ECH was detected at all stages of PD and in patients with different forms of the disease and patients with ECH have no cognitive impairment. In patients with ECH, there was no decrease in visual acuity, impaired color perception, contrast sensitivity, as well as ophthalmic diseases such as cataracts, glaucoma, etc. An important difference between patients with ECH and patients without ECH was a statistically significant thinning of the retinal layers. Complaints about the presence of illusions were detected in 18.4 % of patients with PD. According to the results of our study, patients with illusions were characterized by a marked decrease in visual acuity, impaired color perception and contrast sensitivity, and, apparently, the presence of illusions in patients with PD can be explained by impaired visual perception and amblyopia. According to the results of neuropsychological testing, patients with illusions have impaired visual-spatial functions. Visual hallucinationsis appeared in the late-stages of PD, patients over 65 years of age with mild cognitive impairment.Сonclusion. As a result of our study, it was revealed that the development of visual hallucinosis in patients with PD is associated not only with central (cortical) mechanisms, but the peripheral part of the visual analyzer is also of considerable importance, primarily retinal damage and loss of visual afferentation.
A clinical case of transthyretin amyloidosis with manifestations of seronegative arthritis
Authors: Mareeva V. A. , Klimenko A. A. , Moskalets E. R. , Glazunov P. A. , Shostak N. A. , Zhilyaev E. V. 
Published: March 2024

Introduction. A clinical case of an 80-year-old patient with clinical and instrumental manifestations of amyloidosis caused by the deposition of non-mutant (“wild type”) transthyretin (Amyloidosis “wild type” TransThyRetin, ATTRwt) is described. A special feature of this case was the diagnosis of amyloidosis at the same time as the identification of symmetrical polyarthritis.Aim. To present an example of successful diagnosis and timely treatment of ATTRwt amyloidosis.Materials and methods. Male patient (80 years old) consulted a rheumatologist in an outpatient clinic with complaints of weakness and pain in the muscles of the upper and lower extremities, swelling and soreness of both wrist joints; with manifestations of multiple tunnel syndromes (ulnar canal, Guyon canals, bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome). In addition, the patient had a heart involvement which appeared as left ventricle hypertrophy, paroxysmal form of atrial fibrillation, chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, intraventricular conduction defect and low QRS voltage. Due to the presence of cardiac manifestations along with neuropathy, transthyretinic amyloidosis was suspected.Results. Polyneuropathy was confirmed by the results of electroneuromyography. AL-amyloidosis (immunoglobulin Light chain Amyloidosis) is excluded due to the absence of monoclonal proteins in the blood. The diagnosis was confirmed by the results of scintigraphy with with labeled technetium-99m pyrophosphate. Intensive accumulation of radiopharmaceutical was detected in the myocardium of the left ventricle. The study also confirmed the presence of polyarthritis, manifested by increased accumulation, in the area of the I metatarsophalangeal joint on the left, both wrist, shoulder and knee joints. The hereditary nature of ATTR amyloidosis was excluded by the results of genetic analysis, which did not reveal mutations in the transthyretin gene. The singularity of this case was in development of a symmetrical polyarthritis during amyloidosis manifestation. Pathogenetic therapy with tafamidis was initiated. Arthritis regressed after starting treatment with methotrexate.Conclusion. Transthyretin amyloidosis is a chronic progressive life-threatening disease caused by the formation and deposition of transthyretin-derived amyloid fibrils. The variety of amyloid tropicity to various organs and tissues leads to it phenotypic heterogeneity, which makes it difficult to make a diagnosis on early stages. However, the detection of «red flags» symptoms signaling the presence of transthyretin amyloidosis can shorten the time before initiation of targeted treatment, contributing to the improvement of the patient’s quality of life.
Comparative multimodal sensory testing in multifocal motor neuropathy and multifocal variant of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy
Authors: Tumilovich T. A. , Grishina D. A. , Suponeva N. A. , Fedin P. A. 
Published: March 2024

Background. One of the key distinctions between multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) and multifocal variant of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (mCIDP) lies in the presence or absence of sensory deficits. Nevertheless, existing literature suggests that MMN can also involve sensory fibers of peripheral nerves, complicating the differential diagnosis of MMN and mCIDP, which remains a relevant issue.Aim. To evaluate the profile and intensity of objective sensory deficits and autonomic dysfunction in MMN and mCIDP, as well as to identify differential diagnostic markers.Materials and methods. Out of 65 patients followed up in the study, 30 were diagnosed with MMN and 35 were diagnosed with mCIDP. A retrospective analysis of clinical and epidemiological characteristics was carried out. The evaluation encompassed clinical assessments of sensory symptoms (including on the NTSS-9 scale), assessments of the severity of autonomic dysfunction using the COMPASS-31 questionnaire, and neurophysiological multimodal sensory testing (including electroneuromyography, computer pallesthesiometry, and short-latency auditory evoked potentials).Results. Patients with mCIDP were significantly more likely to have subjective (according to the NTSS-9 and COMPASS-31 scales) and objective (according to clinical examination) sensory deficits and autonomic dysfunction (p <0.05). A third of patients with MMN reported sensory complaints, yet there was no objective evidence of impaired pain sensitivity. Changes in vibration sensitivity were equally prevalent during clinical assessment in both groups (p >0.05). Electroneuromyography studies revealed significantly lower amplitudes of hand sensory nerve action potentials in the mCIDP group compared to MMN patients (p <0.05). At the same time, a third of patients with MMN with a previous history of disease of 13 [10.0; 16.0] years also had low amplitudes of hand sensory nerve action potentials. The mean value of the autonomic reaction threshold, as well as the cutaneous vibration perception threshold were significantly higher in mCIDP compared to MMN (p <0.05) when examining the hands.Conclusion. Differential diagnosis of MMN and mCIDP at the onset and in early disease (under 5 years) poses no challenges. However, it has been shown that a third of patients with MMN in the long-term catamnesis of the disease have some kind of sensory impairment, which may complicate the differential diagnosis with mCIDP. In such cases, employing computer pallesthesiography to measure vibration perception threshold can aid in clarifying the diagnosis and determining optimal treatment strategies.
Nerve transfer in children with acute flaccid myelitis for restoration of upper limb function (literature review)
Authors: Agranovich O. E. , Komolkin I. A. 
Published: March 2024

The term “acute flaccid myelitis” is used to describe a condition characterized by acute flaccid paralysis of the limb, as well as damage to the motor neurons of the spinal cord. The absence of specific treatment, severe neurological deficit that persists in 75–95 % of patients in the long term indicates its severity.The aim of the work is to describe acute flaccid myelitis in children, modern methods of treatment, and estimate the effectiveness of nerve transfers for restoration of the upper limb function.The search for publications was carried out in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar databases from 2003 to 2022, and data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (https://www.cdc.gov) were used. There were analyzed surgical treatments of 57 children with paresis of the upper extremities due to AFM (105 nerve transfers). Restoration of shoulder function (neurotization of n. axillaris, n. suprascapularis) was performed in 57 (54.3 %) patients, elbow flexion (neurotization of n. musculocutaneus) in 37 (35.2 %), elbow extension in 9 (8.5 %) (neurotization of the branch of n. radialis to m. triceps brachii), fingers flexion in 1 (1 %) (neurotization of the n. interosseus anterior branch), fingers extension in 1 (1 %) (neurotization of n. interosseus posterior).The review demonstrated the effectiveness of nerve transfers in children with paresis of the upper extremities due to acute flaccid myelitis who were operated up to 1 year from the onset of the disease.