bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Variation in C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Gene May Be Associated with Risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and CRP Concentrations
Authors: SHIH P. BETTY , MANZI SUSAN , SHAW PENNY , KENNEY MARGARET , KAO AMY H. , BONTEMPO FRANKLIN , BARMADA M. MICHAEL , KAMMERER CANDACE , KAMBOH M. ILYAS 
Published: November 2008

ObjectiveThe gene coding for C-reactive protein (CRP) is located on chromosome 1q23.2, which falls within a linkage region thought to harbor a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility gene. Recently, 2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the CRP gene (+838, +2043) have been shown to be associated with CRP concentrations and/or SLE risk in a British family-based cohort. Our study was done to confirm the reported association in an independent population-based case-control cohort, and also to investigate the influence of 3 additional CRP tagSNP (−861, −390, +90) on SLE risk and serum CRP concentrations.MethodsDNA from 337 Caucasian women who met the American College of Rheumatology criteria for definite (n = 324) or probable (n = 13) SLE and 448 Caucasian healthy female controls was genotyped for 5 CRP tagSNP (−861, −390, +90, +838, +2043). Genotyping was performed using restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction, pyrosequencing, or TaqMan assays. Serum CRP levels were measured using ELISA. Association studies were performed using the chi-squared distribution, Z-test, Fisher’s exact test, and analysis of variance. Haplotype analysis was performed using EH software and the haplo.stats package in R 2.1.2.ResultsWhile none of the SNP were found to be associated with SLE risk individually, there was an association with the 5 SNP haplotypes (p < 0.001). Three SNP (−861, −390, +90) were found to significantly influence serum CRP level in SLE cases, both independently and as haplotypes.ConclusionOur data suggest that unique haplotype combinations in the CRP gene may modify the risk of developing SLE and influence circulating CRP levels.
The Minimally Important Difference for the Fatigue Visual Analog Scale in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Followed in an Academic Clinical Practice
Authors: KHANNA DINESH , POPE JANET E. , KHANNA PUJA P. , MALONEY MICHELLE , SAMEDI NOOSHIN , NORRIE DEBBIE , OUIMET GILLIAN , HAYS RON D. 
Published: November 2008

ObjectiveTo estimate the minimally important difference (MID) for a fatigue visual analog scale (VAS) using patient-reported anchors (fatigue, pain, and overall health).MethodsPatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA; n = 307) had 2 clinic visits at a median of 5.9 months apart. They completed a fatigue VAS (0–10 scale) and the retrospective anchor items, “How would you describe your overall fatigue/pain/overall health since the last visit?” with response options: Much worsened, Somewhat worsened, Same, Somewhat better, or Much better. The fatigue anchor was used for primary analysis and the pain/overall health anchors for sensitivity analyses. The minimally changed group was defined by those reporting they were somewhat better or somewhat worsened.ResultsThe mean [standard deviation (SD)] age was 59.4 (13.2) years, disease duration was 14.1 (11.5) years, and 83% of patients were women. The baseline mean (SD) Health Assessment Questionnaire–Disability Index score was 0.84 (0.75). The baseline fatigue VAS score was 4.2 (2.9) and at followup was 4.3 (2.8) [mean change of −0.07 (2.5); p = not significant]. The fatigue change score (0–10 scale) for Somewhat better and Somewhat worsened for the fatigue anchor averaged −1.12 and 1.26, respectively. Using the pain anchor, the fatigue change score for Somewhat better and Somewhat worsened averaged −0.87 and 1.13; and using the global anchor, the fatigue change score for Somewhat better and Somewhat worsened averaged −0.82 and 1.17, respectively. Effect size estimates using 3 anchors were small for the Somewhat better (range 0.27–0.39) and Somewhat worsened (0.40–0.44) groups, but larger than for the no-change group (0.03–0.08).ConclusionThe MID for fatigue VAS is between −0.82 for −1.12 for improvement and is 1.13 to 1.26 for worsening on a 0–10 scale in a large RA clinical practice, and is similar to that seen in RA clinical trials. This information can aid in interpreting fatigue VAS in day-to-day care in clinical practice
Screens we see, societies we unknow
Authors: González-Sánchez Jorge A. 
Published: November 2008

How does technology interact with the way in which we relate with information, communication and knowledge? The integration of these three dimensions conforms the nucleus of the symbolic ecologies. Throughout history, these symbolic ecologies have been constructed and transformed by its relation with technical artifacts and knowhow, understood as a technological vector. The problem should not be posed over screens as interfaces of more complex devices, but upon the specific relationships of information, communication and knowledge framed by those actually devoted to generate it for the use of those who are not able to do it.¿Cómo interactúa la tecnología en la forma en que nos relacionamos con la información, la comunicación y, el conocimiento? La integración de estas tres dimensiones constituye el núcleo de las «ecologías simbólicas». En toda la historia, éstas se han construido y transformado por efecto de su relación con dispositivos técnicos y saberes, que podemos considerar como un vector tecnológico. El problema no debe plantearse en las pantallas como interfaces de dispositivos más complejos, sino en las relaciones específicas de información, de comunicación y de conocimiento que aquéllos que sí generan conocimiento desarrollan para quienes no lo hacen.
Apocalyptics: means and ends
Authors: Fernández-Martínez María Teresa 
Published: November 2008

The author proposes a controversial theory, although the benefits of using the media and the new technologies in education have been taken for granted, in fact they are not unquestionable. This paper analyzes the supposed advantages of these means as well as the reasons usually given to justify the fact that up to now there have been no visible results of efficiency. The author reaches the conclusion that means are mistaken for ends and are considered as a main content of the syllabus instead of just one tool among several others.
Se propone en este trabajo una tesis cunado menos polémica en una publicación como ésta dedicada a los medios: la de que los beneficios de los medios de comunicación y las nuevas tecnologías en la enseñanza se han aceptado como incuestionables cuando en realidad no lo son. Para ello, se analizan con justificaciones las supuestas ventajas de estos medios así como las razones que suelen exponerse para defender el hecho de que hasta la fecha no haya habido resultados visibles de su eficacia, llegando a la conclusión de que se han confundido medios con fines al establecerse como contenido estrella de las programaciones educativas aquello que no debería ser sino un instrumento más.
Journalistic design, the critic reading key of the press
Authors: Martínez-Fresneda-Osorio Humberto 
Published: November 2008

The progressive influence of the mass media in the educating of society makes it necessary to be alert and to observe very closely how the communication process is carried out. Moreover, we need to be aware of the imbalances produced in the dialogue between the sender and the receiver which can lead to interference which alters the message transmitted, and which could lead to the manipulation of news. Journalistic design has become an invisible agent of this process of communication that the mass media use to transmit messages more effectively.
La progresiva influencia de los medios de comunicación en la formación de la sociedad hace que sea necesario estar alerta y observar muy de cerca como éstos realizan el proceso de comunicación. Más aún, si somos conscientes que los desequilibrios que se producen en ese diálogo entre emisor y receptor pueden llevar a situaciones viciadas que alteren la transmisión del mensaje y fomenten la manipulación informativa. El diseño periodístico se ha convertido en un agente invisible de este proceso de comunicación que los medios utilizan para transmitir de manera más eficaz sus mensajes.
Community dimension of media literacy
Authors: Abellán-Fabrés Gemma , Mayugo-i-Majó Carme 
Published: November 2008

Some theoretical contributions to the Media Literacy set up the dialogue, the exchange and the renegotiation of meanings as a starting point for interaction and knowledge. In all these approaches, the environment becomes a vital factor, because in its position we find the social interrelations and the possibility of learning in a collective and/or community way. In our societies, media are holding a big space in people’s social sphere. At the same time it is acquiring more critical competence towards contents reception, the knowledge and the use of media skills bring new languages to the citizenship to explore its surroundings, promoting the mutual knowledge and the social cohesion, keys for social change.
Algunas aportaciones teóricas a la Educación en Comunicación priorizan el diálogo, el intercambio y la renegociación de significados como base para la interacción y el conocimiento. En estos enfoques, el entorno se convierte en un elemento vital, ya que ahí se dan las interrelaciones sociales y la posibilidad de aprender de manera colectiva y/o comunitaria. Actualmente, los medios de comunicación ocupan buena parte de la esfera social de los individuos. A parte de dotarla de más capacidad crítica en la recepción de contenidos, el conocimiento y uso de herramientas mediáticas provee a la ciudadanía de nuevos lenguajes para explorar su entorno, fomentando el conocimiento mutuo y la cohesión social, motores para la transformación social.
Curiosity in news consumption
Authors: Qiu Jingyi , Golman Russell 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe analyze how curiosity drives news consumption. We test predictions of the information‐gap theory of curiosity using over 100,000 WeChat news articles, applying NLP methods to construct measures of salience, importance, and surprisingness associated with news headlines, experimentally validating these measures, and using them to predict clicks. Our findings confirm that people tend to consume news when: the headline sparks a salient question; the content appears more important (e.g., emphasized by the headline's position on the webpage or an exclamation mark); the headline refers to more surprising topics (measured as the KL‐divergence from a baseline topic distribution); and the headline has lower valence. Information‐gap theory helps predict aggregate news consumption. Yet our data also reveal a small negative correlation between the number of clicks and the ratio of likes to clicks, suggesting that while inducing curiosity can drive short‐term news consumption, it doesn't necessarily enhance long‐term reader engagement.
Low‐Molecular Weight Compounds that Extend the Chronological Lifespan of Yeasts, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Ohtsuka Hokuto , Shimasaki Takafumi , Aiba Hirofumi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractYeast is an excellent model organism for research for regulating aging and lifespan, and the studies have made many contributions to date, including identifying various factors and signaling pathways related to aging and lifespan. More than 20 years have passed since molecular biological perspectives are adopted in this research field, and intracellular factors and signal pathways that control aging and lifespan have evolutionarily conserved from yeast to mammals. Furthermore, these findings have been applied to control the aging and lifespan of various model organisms by adjustment of the nutritional environment, genetic manipulation, and drug treatment using low‐molecular weight compounds. Among these, drug treatment is easier than the other methods, and research into drugs that regulate aging and lifespan is consequently expected to become more active. Chronological lifespan, a definition of yeast lifespan, refers to the survival period of a cell population under nondividing conditions. Herein, low‐molecular weight compounds are summarized that extend the chronological lifespan of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, along with their intracellular functions. The low‐molecular weight compounds are also discussed that extend the lifespan of other model organisms. Compounds that have so far only been studied in yeast may soon extend lifespan in other organisms.
Enhancing Electrical Conductivity and Power Factor in Poly‐Glycol‐Bithienylthienothiophene with Oligoethylene Glycol Side Chains Through Tris (pentafluorophenyl) Borane Doping
Authors: Chen Nan (Louise) , Mukhopadhyay Tushita , Song Yunjia , Griggs Sophie , Kousseff Christina J. , McCulloch Iain , Katz Howard E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDoping of organic semiconductors has served as an effective method to achieve high electrical conductivity and large thermoelectric power factor. This is of importance to the development of flexible/wearable electronics and green energy‐harvesting technologies. The doping impact of the Lewis acid tris (pentafluorophenyl) borane (BCF) on the thermoelectric performance of poly(2‐(4,4′‐bis(2‐methoxyethoxy)‐5′‐methyl‐[2,2′‐bithiophen]‐5‐yl)‐5‐methylthieno[3,2‐b]thiophene (pgBTTT), a thiophene‐based polymer featuring oligoethylene glycol side chains is investigated. Tetrafluorotetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ), a well‐established dopant, is utilized as a comparison; however, its inability to co‐dissolve with pgBTTT in less polar solvents hinders the attainment of higher doping levels. Consequently, a comparative study is performed on the thermoelectric behavior of pgBTTT doped with BCF and F4TCNQ at a very low doping level. Subsequent investigation is carried out with BCF at higher doping levels. Remarkably, at 50 wt% BCF doping level, the highest power factor of 223 ± 4 µW m−1 K2 is achieved with an electrical conductivity of 2180 ± 360 S cm−1 and a Seebeck coefficient of 32 ± 1.3 µV K−1. This findings not only contribute valuable insights to the dopant interactions with oxygenated side chain polymers but also open up new avenues for high conductivity thermoelectric polymers in flexible electronic applications.
Active Hydrogen for Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis
Authors: Gan Guoqiang , Hong Guo , Zhang Wenjun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractElectrochemical ammonia synthesis (EAS) presents an attractive alternative to the Haber–Bosch process due to the benefits of energy saving, low carbon emission, environmental friendliness, and so on. However, the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) severely limits the yield, selectivity, and current efficiency of NH3. Although the accumulation and self‐aggregation of active hydrogen (H*) are the primary causes of the competing HER, it also serves as the critical active species and intermediate for the multistep hydrogenation and deoxygenation processes. Therefore, the sensible regulation of the H* generation and consumption are essential for enhancing EAS performance. And it is significant to thoroughly review the current strategies for H* control. Herein, a comprehensive introduction of H* to provide a fundamental understanding of its role in electrochemical reactions, including generation, conversion, identification, and quantification protocols is first proposed. In addition, the role and control strategies of H* in EAS are carefully summarized with a particular focus on regulating H* generation and consumption to enhance the activity, selectivity, and Faradaic efficiency. Finally, the remaining challenges and perspectives are discussed. This critical review is intended to offer a profound understanding of the regulation of H* in electrochemical reactions and the development of EAS technology.
Unprecedented POSS‐Linked 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks with 2‐Fold Interpenetrated scu or sqc Topology Regulated by Porphyrin Center for Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Gao Ying , Li Senzhi , Gong Lei , Li Jing , Qi Dongdong , Liu Naifang , Bian Yongzhong , Jiang Jianzhuang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of porphyrin center regulated three‐dimensional covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with 2‐fold interpenetrated scu or sqc topology have been investigated. These COFs exhibit unique structural features and properties, making them promising candidates for photocatalytic applications in CO2 reduction and artemisinin synthesis. The porphyrin center serves as an anchor for metal ions, allowing precise control over structures and functions of the frameworks. Furthermore, the metal coordination within the framework imparts desirable catalytic properties, enabling their potential use in photocatalytic reactions. Overall, these porphyrin center regulated metal‐controlled COFs offer exciting opportunities for the development of advanced materials with tailored functionalities.
Ruthenium(II)‐Catalyzed Late‐Stage Incorporation of N‐Aryl Triazoles and Tetrazoles with Sulfonium Salts via C−H Activation
Authors: Simon Hendrik , Zangarelli Agnese , Bauch Tristan , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe late‐stage functionalization of active pharmaceutical ingredients is a key challenge in medicinal chemistry. Furthermore, N‐aryl triazoles and tetrazoles are important structural motifs with the potential to boost the activity of diverse drug molecules. Using easily accessible dibenzothiophenium salts for the ruthenium‐catalyzed C−H arylation, these scaffolds were introduced into a variety of bioactive compounds. Our methodology uses cost‐efficient ruthenium, KOAc as a mild base and gives access to a plethora of highly decorated triazole and tetrazole containing drug derivatives.
An Expedient Radical Approach for the Decarboxylative Synthesis of Stereodefined All‐Carbon Tetrasubstituted Olefins
Authors: Zeng Qian , Nirwan Yamini , Benet‐Buchholz Jordi , Kleij Arjan W. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe report a user‐friendly approach for the decarboxylative formation of stereodefined and complex tri‐ and tetra‐substituted olefins from vinyl cyclic carbonates and amines as radical precursors. The protocol relies on easy photo‐initiated α‐amino‐radical formation followed by addition onto the double bond of the substrate resulting in a sequence involving carbonate ring‐opening, double bond relay, CO2 extrusion and finally O‐protonation. The developed protocol is efficient for both mismatched and matched polarity substrate combinations, and the scope of elaborate stereodefined olefins that can be forged including drug‐functionalized derivatives is wide, diverse and further extendable to other types of heterocyclic and radical precursors. Mechanistic control reactions show that the decarboxylation step is a key driving force towards product formation, with the initial radical addition under steric control.
Synthesis and properties of bio‐based environmental plasticizer derived from oleic acid for poly (vinyl chloride)
Authors: Huang Wenyan , Nan Hui , Ma Jianzhe , Dong Kuiyun , Zhang Jingjing , Liu Guangxi , Wu Jian , Xue Caihong , Xu Shiai , Zhong Heyan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUsing the abundant and cost‐effective oleic acid and isosorbide with excellent properties as raw materials, the plasticizers of isosorbide di‐oleate (IDO) and isosorbide di‐epoxidized oleate (IDEO) with good plasticizing effect, low cost and green safety were synthesized by esterification and epoxidation reaction. The molecular structure of the synthesized plasticizers was characterized by FT‐IR and 1H NMR. The PVC shows better flexibility when IDEO or IDO plasticizer is used than commercial DOP. In particular, IDEO‐40 has 34% higher tensile strength and 17% higher elongation at break than DOP‐40. The introduction of epoxy groups on the carbon–carbon double bond of fatty acids meets the high thermal stability of plasticized film. The residual amount of IDEO‐40 is 7.01%, and at a high temperature of 180 °C, it can maintain high heat resistance for more than 220 min and transmittance of over 86%. Moreover, IDEO demonstrates excellent resistance to migration and volatilization. However, PVC films plasticized with IDO display reduced mechanical properties, cold resistance, and resistance to volatilization and migration due to the presence of non‐rotating carbon–carbon double bonds. The results indicate that these bio‐based plasticizers hold promise for practical applications in PVC products, offering improved environmental sustainability and performance characteristics.
Paying for sea turtles as incentive for conservation in São Tomé and Príncipe
Authors: Ferreira Rogério L. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Although incentives for sea turtle conservation are widespread, few interventions involving direct payments to individuals for releasing captured turtles have been documented, limiting valuable learning opportunities for conservation practitioners and hindering the development of the field.
This study reports on two initiatives involving the purchase of live sea turtles from citizens in São Tomé and Príncipe, highlighting the inappropriateness of this measure in impoverish locations by unveiling unplanned consequences and their implications for future conservation efforts.
To ensure effectiveness and lasting behaviour change of stakeholders, the design of conservation experiments in economically disadvantaged areas or marginalized communities, particularly those conducted by outsiders, should incorporate an ethnographic component and consider the impacts on the well‐being of local people.
Winter Storm Uri: Public Drinking Water System Resilience in Texas
Authors: Tomko Brianna , Nittrouer Christine L. , Sanchez‐Vila Xavier , Sawyer Audrey H. 
Published: April 2024

Key TakeawaysWater service providers need to prepare for more extreme weather events in a changing climate.A geospatial analysis found that differences in boil‐water advisory lengths issued during 2021's Winter Storm Uri were based on the population served and rural or urban location.A cross‐sectional survey showed that many individuals were unaware of or confused about the advisories that were (or were not) issued.
Characterization and validation of fatty acid metabolism‐related genes predicting prognosis, immune infiltration, and drug sensitivity in endometrial cancer
Authors: Li Haojia , Zhou Ting , Zhang Qi , Yao Yuwei , Hua Teng , Zhang Jun , Wang Hongbo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEndometrial cancer is considered to be the second most common tumor of the female reproductive system, and patients diagnosed with advanced endometrial cancer have a poor prognosis. The influence of fatty acid metabolism in the prognosis of patients with endometrial cancer remains unclear. We constructed a prognostic risk model using transcriptome sequencing data of endometrial cancer and clinical information of patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database via least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis. The tumor immune microenvironment was analyzed using the CIBERSORT algorithm, followed by functional analysis and immunotherapy efficacy prediction by gene set variation analysis. The role of model genes in regulating endometrial cancer in vitro was verified by CCK‐8, colony formation, wound healing, and transabdominal invasion assays, and verified in vivo by subcutaneous tumor transplantation in nude mice. A prognostic model containing 14 genes was constructed and validated in 3 cohorts and clinical samples. The results showed differences in the infiltration of immune cells between the high‐risk and low‐risk groups, and that the high‐risk group may respond better to immunotherapy. Experiments in vitro confirmed that knockdown of epoxide hydrolase 2 (EPHX2) and acyl‐CoA oxidase like (ACOXL) had an inhibitory effect on EC cells, as did overexpression of hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (HPGDS). The same results were obtained in experiments in vivo. Prognostic models related to fatty acid metabolism can be used for the risk assessment of endometrial cancer patients. Experiments in vitro and in vivo confirmed that the key genes HPGDS, EPHX2, and ACOXL in the prognostic model may affect the development of endometrial cancer.