bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing Air Pollution Trends in Eastern Türkiye Over the Last Decade Using a Multivariate Statistical Approach
Authors: Temiz Caner 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In this research, meteorological parameters and air pollutant values for the central district of Van, located in Eastern Türkiye, were analyzed using multivariate data analysis methods. To make the connection between the parameters measured over a 10-year period statistically more significant, multivariate data analysis methods were applied to the dataset, resulting in the identification of three independent component groups. The measured parameters relational structure is represented by correlation matrices. According to the factor analysis; wind speed, wind direction, atmospheric boundary layer height, and air temperature parameters constitute the first component group, while PM10 and SO2 parameters form the second component group, and precipitation and air pressure parameters form the third component group. Additionally, the movements and seasonal intensities of air pollutants such as PM10 and SO2 in the city center over the last 10 years were analyzed and visualized on an hourly, monthly, and annual basis. A gradual decrease in air pollutant values has been observed since 2013. Events of dust transport affecting the region from the South have been identified as having a significant impact on the rise in PM10 values. It was also observed that atmospheric boundary layer height values obtained from ERA5 reanalysis data show a high negative correlation with pollutants like PM10 and SO2.
Impact of minimal residual disease response and of status of disease on survival after Blinatumomab in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: results from a Real-Life Study. Running title: MRD-response and Disease Status correlate with survival after Blinatumomab in ALL-B patients
Authors: Leotta Salvatore , Markovic Uros , Duminuco Andrea , Mulè Antonino , Porretto Ferdinando , Federico Vincenzo , Gentile Massimo , Pastore Domenico , Nigro Luca Lo , Selleri Carmine , Serio Bianca , Calafiore Valeria , Patti Caterina , Mauro Elisa , Vetro Calogero , Maugeri Cinzia , Parisi Marina , Fiumara Paolo , Parrinello Laura , Marino Sara , Scuderi Grazia , Garibaldi Bruno , Musso Maurizio , Renzo Nicola Di , Vigna Ernesto , Martino Enrica Antonia , Raimondo Francesco Di , Milone Giuseppe 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Blinatumomab is a bispecific T-cell engager approved for relapsed/refractory and minimal residual disease positive B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
We conducted a retrospective study evaluating the outcome of Blinatumomab.
The impact of clinical and treatment-related variables on cumulative incidence of relapse/progression (CIRP), event-free (EFS) and overall survival (OS) was analyzed.
From January 2016 to December 2022 50 Ph’- (37) and Ph+ (13) B-ALL patients received Blinatumomab. The median age was 37.
Indications to blinatumomab were relapsed/refractory B-ALL in 29 and MRD-positive in 21 patients. Blinatumomab was the 2nd and 3rd line in 40 and in 10 patients, respectively.
Twenty patients were treated pre-transplantation, ten were treated for relapse after transplant, twenty were not eligible for transplant.
Out of 29 patients treated for relapsed/refractory disease, 16 (55%) achieved complete response and 12 achieved MRD-negativity.
Out of 21 patients treated for MRD, 16 (76 %) achieved MRD-negativity.
At a median follow-up of 46 months the median EFS and OS were 11.5 and 16.2 months. The CIRP was 50 %.
In univariate analysis age, disease-status (overt vs minimal disease) at blinatumomab, bridging to transplant after blinatumomab and MRD-response resulted significant for EFS and OS.
In multivariate analysis only disease-status and MRD-response retained significance both for EFS and OS.
Disease-status and MRD-response resulted significant for EFS and OS also after censoring at HSCT.
This retrospective study on B-ALL patients treated with blinatumomab confirms a superior outcome for MRD-responsive over MRD non-responsive patients. As one might expect, survival depends also on the disease-status prior treatment.
Deciduous forests use carbon more efficiently than evergreen forests
Authors: Luo Xiangzhong , Zhao Ruiying , Chu Housen , Collalti Alessio , Fatichi Simone , Keenan Trevor , Lu Xinchen , Nguyen Ngoc , Prentice Iain , Sun Wu , Yu Liyao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Terrestrial ecosystems have been serving as a strong carbon sink that offsets one quarter of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Carbon use efficiency (CUE), the percentage of photosynthesized carbon that is available for biomass production and other secondary carbon products, is one factor determining the carbon sink size. The global variation in CUE remains unclear, however, as recent reports disagree over the responses of CUE to temperature, dryness, forest types and stand age, and there are limited direct observations to constrain the related uncertainty. Here, we propose to infer CUE from spatially distributed observations of land-atmosphere CO2 exchange from global eddy covariance sites based on first principles of ecosystem respiration - photosynthesis coupling. Across 2737 site-years, CUE derived from eddy covariance observations is 0.43 ± 0.11, consistent with previous inventory-based estimates (0.46 ± 0.12, n = 244) but with a better representation of spatial-temporal variation in CUE. We find that CUE consistently decreases with temperature, precipitation, light availability and stand age, with a significant difference in the baseline CUE among biomes. Importantly, CUE of deciduous forests is typically 15% higher than that of evergreen forests, suggesting that over long-term deciduous forests are more efficient in using photosynthate. Our study advances the understanding of the global variation in CUE and provides new insights to guide best practices of forest conservation, management, and restoration for carbon sequestration.
Establishment of direct interspecies electron transfer through ethanol supply during azo dye Reactive Red 2 anaerobic degradation
Authors: Zhao Zisheng , Li Yixin , Wang Kang , An Yu , Zhang guangyi , Huang Long 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Azo dye, for example reactive red 2, threatened the environment and human health when directly discharging into waters, and appropriate treatment methods are urgently required for such contaminants. In this study, ethanol was added to the digesters to promote azo dye Reactive Red 2 (RR2) anaerobic digestion efficiency. Results showed that the COD removal and RR2 removal efficiency were 37.0% and 63.2% in cycle 6 (only RR2 used as the substrates) in ethanol co-digested reactor, which was 16.0% and 54.5% higher than that in control reactor, and 14.5% and 52.0% higher than that in acetate co-digested reactor, respectively. Mechanisms exploration found that the electron transfer system (ETS) activity, specific methanogenic activity (SMA) and Coenzyme F420 of the sludge were effectively improved in ethanol co-digested reactor, which indicated that the addition of ethanol to anaerobic digester could enhance the activity of the microbial. Microbial community analysis showed that the electroactive microbial (Geobacter and Methanothrix) were more enriched in ethanol co-digested reactor. It was speculated that the direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) process was possible established between Geobacter and Methanothrix, which played an important role for the improvement of RR2 removal efficiency in ethanol co-digested reactor.
Immune Infiltration-Related Genes Regulate the Progression of AML by Invading the Bone Marrow Microenvironment
Authors: Yu Shuangmei , Jiang Jiquan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background:
Acute myeloid leukemia has a high degree of clinical heterogeneity, posing a severe threat to human health. The relationship between immune infiltration and the bone marrow microenvironment is not clear. It is essential to find the pathogenic role of immune-related genes in the bone marrow microenvironment of AML, providing a new perspective for clinical risk stratification and predicting prognosis.
Methods:
WGCNA was utilized to screen modules related to immune infiltration in the TCGA-LAML database. Unsupervised clustering and mutation analysis are used to obtain candidate genes. LASSO regression analysis is used to conduct risk stratification assessments. GO, KEGG, GSEA, and GSVA are used to elucidate the biological processes of DEGs and high-risk groups, respectively. The TIMER database, ImmuCellAI, and ssGSEA are used for immune infiltration analysis. Validation of relative expression levels of hub genes using RT-qPCR.
Results:
Through WGCNA, seven modules were obtained, among which the turquoise module containing 1793 genes was highly correlated with the immune infiltration score. By unsupervised clustering, the turquoise module was divided into two clusters. The intersection of clinically significant genes in the TCGA and DEGs to obtain 178 genes for mutation analysis, followed by obtaining 17 genes with high mutation frequency. Subsequently, 17 genes were subjected to LASSO regression analysis to construct a riskscore model of 8 genes. The TIMER database, ImmuCellAI portal website, and ssGSEA elucidate that hub genes and risk scores are closely related to immune cell infiltration into the bone marrow microenvironment. In addition, we also validated the relative expression levels of hub genes using the TCGA database and GSE114868, additional expression levels of hub genes in AML cell lines in vitro.
Conclusion:
We constructed an immune infiltration-related gene model with good risk stratification and predictive prognosis through WGCNA, unsupervised clustering, mutation analysis, and LASSO regression analysis, which is expected to become a potential prognostic tool for AML.
The Role of Education in Fostering Entrepreneurial Skills and Mindsets
Authors: Park Yuyeong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Entrepreneurship education plays a crucial role in equipping individuals with the skills, mindset, and resources necessary to navigate the complexities of the modern economy. This study examines the role of education in fostering entrepreneurial skills and mindsets, drawing upon a synthesis of existing literature and analysis of empirical evidence. Through a comprehensive review, several key themes emerge, including the diversity of entrepreneurship education initiatives, the importance of experiential learning, the role of educators and mentors, the significance of entrepreneurial ecosystems, the influence of contextual factors, and the need for rigorous evaluation. Findings suggest that entrepreneurship education encompasses a wide range of programs and approaches across educational settings, emphasizing creativity, resilience, and problem-solving skills. Experiential learning emerges as a particularly effective pedagogical approach, enabling students to apply theoretical concepts in real-world settings and develop practical skills. Moreover, educators and mentors play a crucial role in shaping students' entrepreneurial development by providing guidance, support, and networking opportunities. Contextual factors, such as cultural norms and institutional frameworks, significantly influence the design and effectiveness of entrepreneurship education initiatives. However, realizing the full potential of entrepreneurship education requires a concerted effort to design inclusive, experiential, and contextually relevant initiatives. Furthermore, rigorous evaluation and research are needed to assess the long-term impact of entrepreneurship education on students' career trajectories and economic outcomes.
Factors influencing lateral margin diagnosis challenges in Barrett’s esophageal cancer: A bicenter retrospective study
Authors: Tanaka Ippei , Unno Shuhei , Yamamoto Kazuki , Nawata Yoshitaka , Igarashi Kimihiro , Matsuda Tomoki , Hirasawa Dai 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The endoscopic lateral diagnosis of Barrett's esophageal adenocarcinoma (BEA) has been reported as challenging. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the clinicopathological characteristics and cause of BEA with unclear demarcation.
Methods
We reviewed BEA cases resected endoscopically or operatively between January 2010 and August 2022 at two institutions. The lesions were classified into two groups: the clear demarcation group (CD group) and the unclear demarcation group (UD group). We then compared clinicopathological findings between the two groups. Furthermore, to elucidate the differences in pathological structures between the cancerous mucosa and the surrounding mucosa, we measured the length and width of foveolar, as well as the width of the marginal crypt epithelium (MCE).
Results
We analyzed 68 BEA cases, comprising 47 in the CD group and 21 in the UD group. Multivariate analysis revealed long-segment Barrett’s esophagus (LSBE) as the sole significant risk factor (OR; 10.38, 95% CI;2.14–50.19, p = 0.004). Regarding pathological analysis, significant differences were observed in the length and width of foveolar between the cancerous and surrounding mucosa in the CD group (p = 0.03 and 0.00). However, in the UD group, these measurements did not show significant differences (p = 0.53 and 0.72). Nevertheless, the width of MCE in the cancerous area was significantly shorter than that in the surrounding mucosa in both groups (p = < 0.05, and < 0.05).
Conclusions
The significant risk factor for UD group was LSBE. The width of MCE, showing significant differences between the cancerous and surrounding mucosa, may serve as an important asset in endoscopic diagnosis for BEA.
Efficient Elimination of Toxic Heavy Elements and Bacteria by Low Dimensional Boron Nitride Siblings: Next-Generation Environmental Guardians
Authors: Roondhe Basant , Ahuja Rajeev , Luo Wei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the present investigation, we explored the properties of two recently predicted two-dimensional (2D) allotropes of boron nitride (BN), namely Haeck-BN and Twin-BN. These allotropes exhibit intriguing structural and electronic characteristics, such as highly conjugated π-electronic configurations, an excess of chemical bonds, superior carrier mobility, and robust stability, rendering them suitable candidates for sensing applications. It is a well-established fact that materials with a high surface area offer a multitude of affinity sites for heavy metal ions and toxic molecules, primarily through d − π and π–π interactions. Utilizing the principles of density functional theory (DFT), we embarked on an exploration of the adsorption mechanisms of a variety of inorganic and organic contaminants on both pristine and doped Haeck-BN and Twin-BN. Our observations revealed a pronounced adsorption of toxic heavy metals, specifically arsenic (As) and lead (Pb), on pristine Twin-BN sheets, with adsorption energies of -2.83 eV and − 2.03 eV, respectively. Conversely, Haeck-BN demonstrated relatively weaker interactions, with adsorption energies of -1.48 eV for As and − 0.64 eV for Pb. Furthermore, we noted substantial adsorption of certain specific amino acids, which are integral components of bacterial cell walls, on both pristine and silver-modified Haeck-BN and Twin-BN sheets. An examination of the electronic properties indicated significant shifts upon molecular adsorption, thereby affirming their sensitivity towards foreign contaminants. The elevated adsorption energies of amino acids on both pristine and Ag-modified sheets suggest potential applications in the efficient inactivation of bacteria for water purification. While acknowledging the challenges posed by real-world scenarios, our calculations in controlled environments provide valuable insights, thereby paving the way for the potential utilization of these nanosheets in the development of advanced water purification membrane technology.
Efficacy and safety of radical cystectomy with ileal conduit for muscle-invasive bladder cancer in the elderly: a multicentre retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Heqian , LI Anrui , Wang Wentao , Xu Songlin , Li Changfu , Teng Lichen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective: Radical cystectomy with ileal conduit is the current mainstay of treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer and is also a high-risk procedure. Existing studies have limited targeted assessment of the efficacy and safety of this procedure, and the patient population appropriate for this procedure is poorly defined. We sought to longitudinally analyze differences in the efficacy and safety of radical cystectomy with ileal conduit by age subgroups to assess whether the age factor should be used as an exclusion criterion when selecting this procedure.
Materials and Methods: Clinicopathological data of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer who underwent radical cystectomy with ileal conduit at the Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University from February 2014 to October 2023 were used to retrospectively analyze the efficacy and safety of the surgical procedure. Pathological clinical data of patients diagnosed with muscle-invasive bladder cancer in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2000 to 2020 were used for external validation. information was used for external validation of the results of the surgical efficacy analyses. t-tests and non-parametric tests were used to analyze the measurement data, chi-square tests were used to analyze the count data, and Kaplan-Meier was used for the survival analyses and to plot survival curves.
Results: Define patients aged ≥70 at the time of diagnosis of bladder cancer as elderly patients and <70 as non-elderly patients. 152 patients from our center were included in the study, 119 non-elderly patients and 33 elderly patients. 416 patients from the Seer database were used for validation, 172 patients in the non-elderly group and 244 patients in the elderly group. By overall analysis and subgroup analysis, the results showed that elderly patients had a higher risk of ICU transfer but a smaller incidence of stoma inflammation postoperatively. Meanwhile, although the results of both analyses of overall survival (OS) for the two groups of patients were conflicting, data from our center and data from the SEER database confirmed the consistency of cancer-specific survival (CSS) between elderly and non-elderly patients, and that radical cystectomy with ileal conduit had the same efficacy for both elderly and non-elderly patients.
Conclusion: For longitudinal age subgroups, radical cystectomy ileocecal cystectomy for the treatment of elderly versus nonelderly muscle-invasive bladder cancer has consistent efficacy, and the generalisability of the results for elderly patients, despite the risks of surgery, needs to be further validated in targeted cohort studies. Advanced age should not be an absolute exclusion criterion for radical cystectomy with ileal conduit.
Angiolipoma associated with antiretroviral switch therapy: A Case Report
Authors: Taylor Gregory , Pandit Neha 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Angiolipomas have been well described in patients with HIV exposed to protease inhibitors with possible resolution after switching to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based regimens. Resolution of symptoms have occurred with switches to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based regimens; however, little is known regarding the development of angiolipomas when switching from NNRTI- to modern, integrase strand transfer inhibitor-based regimens. We describe a patient who underwent switch therapy from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine/efavirenz (TDF/FTC/EFV) to tenofovir alafenamide/FTC/bictegravir (TAF/FTC/BIC) who later developed angiolipomas.
Case Presentation:
A 55-year-old male had been on TDF/FTC/EFV for 8 years before switching to TAF/FTC/BIC. Nineteen months after antiretroviral switch, the patient presented with multiple lesions in the upper extremities and abdomen. Diagnostic biopsies revealed non-encapsulated angiolipomas and HHV-8 and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was ruled out. New lesions continued to appear 29 months after ART switch, after which now lesions appeared and prior lesions remained stable with no increase in size noted. No surgical intervention or change in antiretroviral therapy was needed.
Conclusions
Angiogenesis may have been suppressed with TDF/FTC/EFV treatment, however when switched to TAF/FTC/BIC, promoted the growth of angiolipomas. Clinicians should be aware of the impact of switching to modern ART therapies resulting in possible adipogenesis.
Development of a nomogram for postoperative pneumonia after total hip or knee arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Yingjie , Liao Yanling , Chen Xiaoying , Gong Cansheng , Jiang Jundan , Zheng Xiaochun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Postoperative pneumonia (POP) is a perioperative complication with a high incidence and mortality after total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aims to develop a prediction nomogram facilitating early detection of POP in patients undergoing THA or TKA.
Method: The study conducted a retrospective analysis of adult patients who underwent THA or TKA at Fujian Provincial Hospital from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2021. Patients were randomly divided into either the training or validation cohort. We employed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate logistic regression model to identify independent variables and develop a nomogram. Both discrimination and calibration were assessed through bootstrapping with 1000 resamples.
Result: A total of 1344 patients with THA or TKA were included in this study. A regression analysis revealed the independent predictors for POP were age (OR 1.051, 95% CI 1.023-1.080), congestive heart failure (CHF) (OR 263.239, 95% CI 9.895-7003.231), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR 55.248, 95% CI 7.249-421.092), hypertension (OR 3.318, 95% CI 1.497-7.358), albumin level (OR 0.784, 95% CI 0.732-0.839), and operative blood loss (OR 1.007, 95% CI 1.005-1.009).The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and the concordance index in the training cohort were 0.861 and 0.893 respectively. The Hosmer−Lemeshow test signaled a good fit for the model (P=0.190). The calibration curve of the nomogram leaned closely towards the ideal diagonal line. Moreover, the decision curve analysis (DCA) portrayed a satisfactory positive net benefit. The validation cohort's results also affirmed the reliability of this prediction nomogram
Conclusion: A nomogram was developed based on perioperative factors, to anticipate the occurrence of POP in patients who undergo THA or TKA. This model could provide a precise and highly effective predictive tool for early identification and intervention of POP.