bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying environmental sustainability boundaries for climate change in life cycle assessment: A review of approaches and implications for policymaking
Authors: Clausen Caroline Amalie , Bjørn Anders , Sanyé‐Mengual Esther , Ryberg Morten 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEnvironmental sustainability boundaries can be used as references in evaluations of the absolute sustainability of activities and for developing policy targets and strategies. Recent literature has applied boundaries for climate change in different ways in life cycle assessment and there is a need for a systematic overview of these approaches, their compatibility with different types of assessments, and their effects on assessment results. This paper addresses that need by identifying and contrasting five approaches to operationalizing the climate change boundary and applying these approaches to a common case of the EU27 + UK consumption footprint in 2019. The identified operationalization approaches are found to be either static or dynamic. Static approaches enable comparison with a boundary which is constant through time, while dynamic approaches interpret the environmental sustainability boundary as a trajectory toward reaching net‐zero emissions at the right time. When applying the five operationalization approaches to the 2019 consumption footprint of the EU27 + UK, we find that emissions reduction should be more ambitious than the current European Green Deal targets. For policymaking, the static approaches can offer a highly ambitious ideal reference aiding immediate action but can lack adaptability to evolving conditions. Dynamic approaches better address long‐term goals and evolving knowledge but are more complex. This study contributes to the literature on absolute sustainability assessment by unravelling model choices and their implications for assessment results and policymaking.
New autologous fat implantation technique for face lifting: A pilot study
Authors: Lotfi Elaheh , Ahramiyanpour Najmeh , Khosravi Somayeh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAutologous fat injection techniques are specially performed to restore the lack of face volume.AimHowever, no reports have focused on the effect of sides of injection on the sagging appearance improvements and facial lifting. This study aimed to evaluate face lifting using the autologous fat injection in to sides of the face as a new technique.MethodsTen patients with aging face were involved in this study. The procedure was done in an anaerobic method. To improve the method, to make patients more satisfied and gain better cosmetic outcomes autologous fat was injected on the sides of the face. To give a lifting effect to the face, the fat was injected on the hairline in the temple area, next to the ear, the angel of the jaw and the angel of the mandible leaning behind the ear to cause face lift. The patients were appraised clinically and photographically.ResultsThe results showed that this autologous fat injection technique has significant improvement in face lifting.ConclusionThis new fat injection technique in sides of the face can create superior results on face lifting without any adverse side effects.
Measurement invariance of the LGBT People of Color Microaggressions Scale among LGBTQ+ youth
Authors: Caba Antonia E. , Christophe N. Keita , Renley Benton M. , Simon Kay A. , Feinstein Brian A. , Eaton Lisa A. , Watson Ryan J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe LGBT People of Color Microaggressions Scale (LGBT‐PCMS) is a widely used measure of intersectional microaggression experiences among sexual and gender minority people of color. Although it is widely used—and increasingly used in adolescent and young adult samples—it is unknown whether the LGBT‐PCMS demonstrates similar measurement properties across subgroups of sexual and gender minority youth of color (SGMYOC). Among 4142 SGMYOC (ages 13–17) we found evidence for either partial or full scalar invariance (item loadings and intercepts were generally equal) across sexual orientation, race‐ethnicity, and gender identity groups for all three subscales. Specific patterns of invariance and noninvariance across groups, as well as implications for the use of the LGBT‐PCMS and its subscales among SGMYOC are discussed.
Pathways, journeys and experiences: Integrating curricular activities related to social accountability within an undergraduate medical curriculum
Authors: Dubé Tim V. , Cumyn Annabelle , Fourati Mariem , Chamberland Martine , Hatcher Sharon , Landry Michel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundHealth professions education curricula are undergoing reform towards social accountability (SA), defined as an academic institution's obligation to orient its education, service and research to respond to societal needs. However, little is known about how or which educational experiences transform learners and the processes behind such action. For example, those responsible for the development and implementation of undergraduate medical education (UGME) programs can benefit from a deeper understanding of educational approaches that foster the development of competencies related to SA. The purpose of this paper was to learn from the perspectives of the various partners involved in a program's delivery about what curricular aspects related to SA are expressed in a UGME program.MethodsWe undertook a qualitative descriptive study at a francophone Canadian university. Through purposive convenience and snowball sampling, we conducted 16 focus groups (virtual) with the following partners: (a) third‐ and fourth‐year medical students, (b) medical teachers, (c) program administrators (e.g., program leadership), (d) community members (e.g., community organisations) and (e) patient partners. We used inductive thematic analysis to interpret the data.ResultsThe participants' perspectives organised around four key themes including (a) the definition of a future socially accountable physician, (b) socially accountable educational activities and experiences, (c) characteristics of a socially accountable MD program and (d) suggestions for curriculum improvement and implementation.ConclusionsWe extend scholarship about curricular activities related to SA from the perspectives of those involved in teaching and learning. We highlight the relevance of experiential learning, engagement with community members and patient partners and collaborative approaches to curriculum development. Our study provides a snapshot of what are the sequential pathways in fostering SA among medical students and therefore addresses a gap between knowledge and practice regarding what contributes to the implementation of educational approaches related to SA. We emphasise the need for educational innovation and research to develop and align assessment methods with teaching and learning related to SA.
Isolated Fragments of Intact Microvessels: Tissue Vascularization, Modeling, and Therapeutics
Authors: Strobel Hannah A. , Moss Sarah M. , Hoying James B. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTThe microvasculature is integral to nearly every tissue in the body, providing not only perfusion to and from the tissue, but also homing sites for immune cells, cellular niches for tissue dynamics, and cooperative interactions with other tissue elements. As a microtissue itself, the microvasculature is a composite of multiple cell types exquisitely organized into structures (individual vessel segments and extensive vessel networks) capable of considerable dynamics and plasticity. Consequently, it has been challenging to include a functional microvasculature in assembled or fabricated tissues. Isolated fragments of intact microvessels, which retain the cellular composition and structures of native microvessels, are proving effective in a variety of vascularization applications including tissue in vitro disease modeling, vascular biology, mechanistic discovery, and tissue prevascularization in regenerative therapeutics and grafting. In this review, we will discuss the importance of recapitulating native tissue biology and the successful vascularization applications of isolated microvessels.
A lightweight Transformer‐based neural network for large‐scale masonry arch bridge point cloud segmentation
Authors: Jing Yixiong , Sheil Brian , Acikgoz Sinan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTransformer architecture based on the attention mechanism achieves impressive results in natural language processing (NLP) tasks. This paper transfers the successful experience to a 3D point cloud segmentation task. Inspired by newly proposed 3D Transformer neural networks, this paper introduces a new Transformer‐based module, which is called Local Geo‐Transformer. To alleviate the heavy memory consumption of the original Transformer, Local Geo‐Transformer only performs the attention mechanism in local regions. It is designed to mitigate the information loss caused by the subsampling of point clouds for segmentation. Global Geo‐Transformer is proposed to exploit the global relationships between features with the lowest resolution. The new architecture is validated on a masonry bridge dataset developed by the authors for their earlier work on a previous segmentation network called BridgeNet. The new version of the network with Transformer architecture, BridgeNetv2, outperforms BridgeNet in all metrics. BridgeNetv2 is also shown to be lightweight and memory efficient, well‐adapted to large‐scale point cloud segmentation tasks in civil engineering.
MucR protein: Three decades of studies have led to the identification of a new H‐NS‐like protein
Authors: Baglivo Ilaria , Malgieri Gaetano , Roop Roy Martin , Barton Ian S. , Wang Xindan , Russo Veronica , Pirone Luciano , Pedone Emilia M. , Pedone Paolo V. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMucR belongs to a large protein family whose members regulate the expression of virulence and symbiosis genes in α‐proteobacteria species. This protein and its homologs were initially studied as classical transcriptional regulators mostly involved in repression of target genes by binding their promoters. Very recent studies have led to the classification of MucR as a new type of Histone‐like Nucleoid Structuring (H‐NS) protein. Thus this review is an effort to put together a complete and unifying story demonstrating how genetic and biochemical findings on MucR suggested that this protein is not a classical transcriptional regulator, but functions as a novel type of H‐NS‐like protein, which binds AT‐rich regions of genomic DNA and regulates gene expression.
Time budget and behavioral synchrony of humpback whale mother‐calf pairs on a breeding ground in the southwestern Indian Ocean
Authors: Ratsimbazafindranahaka Maevatiana N. , Huetz Chloé , Saloma Anjara , Andrianarimisa Aristide , Charrier Isabelle , Adam Olivier 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the activity budget of mother‐young pairs can inform how energy is allocated and its relation to the development of young. Using suction cup tag data collected off Sainte Marie, Madagascar, during the calving season, we compared the time budgets of mothers and their calves in capital‐breeding humpback whales, investigated the changes with age, and assessed mother‐calf behavioral synchrony based on their swimming speed. We found that mothers and calves allocated much of their time to low‐level activities (i.e., static/quasi‐static or swimming at low speed). Young calves engaged more in slow swimming than older calves and mothers. Mothers with younger calves tended to stay static or quasi‐static less than mothers with older ones. Calves displayed some degree of independence in activities but were also observed synchronizing their activities with their mothers. Depending on the nature of the activity, the initiation of it was driven by either the calf or the mother. Our study provides additional knowledge for understanding the behavioral dynamics and interactions within humpback whale mother‐calf pairs. It provides data that can support the implementation of conservation measures.
Management of multiple cerebral embolisms due to polycythemia vera with acquired von Willebrand syndrome
Authors: Watanabe Masashi , Ohtsubo Haruki , Shiraoka Akira , Kyoraku Itaru , Okamoto Kensho 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPolycythemia vera (PV) is a rare blood disorder associated with thrombosis or acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AvWS); however, their coexistence is unusual. Here, we report about a 59‐year‐old man with PV who developed both ischemic stroke (IS) and AvWS. Although the patient had no history of thrombosis, he had refractory epistaxis 2 years prior. Brain magnetic resonance imaging and angiography (MRI and MRA) revealed new IS and mural thrombi at the left distal carotid artery. Laboratory investigations showed elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit levels with mild leukocytosis and thrombocytosis, corresponding to PV. Additionally, suppressed platelet aggregation and activity despite normal antigen of von Willebrand factor indicated AvWS. Appropriate repeated phlebotomies successfully resolved the MRA abnormalities and prevented IS recurrence, although the patient refused the recommended treatment with hydroxyurea. This case highlights the need for careful management to prevent recurrent IS and major bleeding in patients with PV who develop IS accompanying AvWS.
Single‐cell transcriptome landscape elucidates the cellular and developmental responses to tomato chlorosis virus infection in tomato leaf
Authors: Yue Hao , Chen Gong , Zhang Zhuo , Guo Zhaojiang , Zhang Zhanhong , Zhang Songbai , Turlings Ted C. J. , Zhou Xuguo , Peng Jing , Gao Yang , Zhang Deyong , Shi Xiaobin , Liu Yong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPlant viral diseases compromise the growth and yield of the crop globally, and they tend to be more serious under extreme temperatures and drought climate changes. Currently, regulatory dynamics during plant development and in response to virus infection at the plant cell level remain largely unknown. In this study, single‐cell RNA sequencing on 23 226 individual cells from healthy and tomato chlorosis virus‐infected leaves was established. The specific expression and epigenetic landscape of each cell type during the viral infection stage were depicted. Notably, the mesophyll cells showed a rapid function transition in virus‐infected leaves, which is consistent with the pathological changes such as thinner leaves and decreased chloroplast lamella in virus‐infected samples. Interestingly, the F‐box protein SKIP2 was identified to play a pivotal role in chlorophyll maintenance during virus infection in tomato plants. Knockout of the SlSKIP2 showed a greener leaf state before and after virus infection. Moreover, we further demonstrated that SlSKIP2 was located in the cytomembrane and nucleus and directly regulated by ERF4. In conclusion, with detailed insights into the plant responses to viral infections at the cellular level, our study provides a genetic framework and gene reference in plant–virus interaction and breeding in the future research.
Efficacy and safety of excimer light (308 nm) in the treatment of pityriasis lichenoides chronica
Authors: Salah Eman Mohamed , Bedair Nermeen Ibrahim , El‐Rahim Sarah Khalil Abd , El‐Khalawany Mohamed Ahmed 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionPityriasis lichenoides chronica is the chronic end of the spectrum of pityriasis lichenoides which have several forms of papulosuamous conditions. Several treatments obtained complete clearance of the condition including phototherapy and specifically narrow band ultraviolet B. The Excimer light 308 is a monochromatic light that acts within the ultraviolet B wavelength and used as a targeted phototherapy in several skin conditions.MethodsThirty‐four patients with histopathologically diagnosed pityriasis lichenoides chronica underwent treatment with biweekly sessions of excimer light 308 nm. Treatment continued until complete clearance was obtained or to a maximum of 48 sessions (24 weeks).ResultsThirty‐one patients obtained complete clearance with no recurrence till the end of the study period, two patients had partial response and only one patient showed poor response to treatment.ConclusionExcimer light can be a safe and effective treatment of pityriasis lichinoides chronica in different ages and genders.
Effect of education on sun‐safe behaviour in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Tári Vanessza , Janka Eszter Anna , Emri Gabriella , Nemes Balázs , Remenyik Éva , Gellén Emese 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundOrgan transplant recipients (OTR) are more likely to develop skin cancer than the general population. One of the main components of the exposome that triggers the development of skin tumours is solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. To reduce the incidence of harmful consequences of sun exposure, sun protection education is needed for patients taking long‐term immunosuppressive drugs.MethodsIn a previous study, we assessed the sun‐safe behaviour of 221 OTR using a questionnaire before and after transplantation and personally educated the patients about proper sun protection. After the education, there were no further reminder presentations. Presently, the sun protection and sun seeking habits of the available 176 of these patients were questioned to assess the long‐term effect of the previous sun protection education.ResultsTwo‐four years after the education, more patients wore hats and protected their skin with long‐sleeved clothing than before the education. In terms of sun seeking habits, both occupational and recreational sun exposure decreased significantly. Significantly fewer people went on holiday after transplantation, but those who went on holiday spent significantly less time in the sun.ConclusionThe long‐term positive effects of education can be seen both in the patients' sun protection and in their sun seeking habits. However, the long‐term goal is to maintain these results and thereby reduce the likelihood of skin tumours and consequently the associated tumour death.
A description of Aliichlorella ignota gen. et sp. nov. and a comparison of the efficiency of species delimitation methods in the Chlorella‐clade (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta)
Authors: Krivina Elena , Portnov Aleksey , Temraleeva Anna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe present study reports a new representative of Chlorella‐clade that was newly isolated from the Lake Vos'merka (Samara region, Russian Federation). 18S–ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 sequence analyses indicated that the studied strain ACSSI 368 and related Chlorella chlorelloides, Chlorella pulchelloides, formed an separate cluster in the Chlorella‐clade, unrelated to the holotype of the genus Chlorella – Chlorella vulgaris. The independent place of the genus was also confirmed by genetic distances. The individual species status of the studied strain ACSSI 368, compared with the sister C. chlorelloides, was confirmed by morphological differences (cell number per colony, type of chloroplast, number of autospores), genetic distances of the interspecific level by 18S–ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 fragment, alone by internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequences, one complementary base change in ITS1, and the results of species delimitation using five methods. A description of studied strain ACSSI 368 was provided as an authentic strain of the type species Aliichlorella ignota. Currently, the new genus Aliichlorella also includes Aliichlorella chlorelloides comb. nov. and Aliichlorella pulchelloides comb. nov. In general, six different delimitation algorithms were used in the present study. The ASAP (i.e. assemble species by automatic partitioning) and LocMin (i.e. ‘local minimum’ function) algorithms showed synchronous results, but their accuracy with respect to closely related species was somewhat lower. The mlPTP algorithm simultaneously aimed to combine closely related species in one and at the same time divide slightly distinguishing strains within a species into several molecular operational taxonomic units. The bPTP algorithm separated excessively Chlorella‐clade representatives into individual species. The generalized mixed Yule coalescent (GMYC) algorithm results were consistent the most with the modern understanding of the Chlorella‐clade taxonomy. However, the same method is one of the most time‐consuming because, for its implementation, it is necessary to carry out long preparatory work. The KoT results were less accurate than the GMYC results, although this is less time‐consuming because it does not require the preliminary construction of ultrametric trees.
The Barelvi movement in South Asian Islam
Authors: Sajjad Mohammad Waqas 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Barelvi movement in South Asia—particularly in Pakistan—has long been regarded as the indigenous Islam of the region. It is equated with Sufism, and highlighted as the peaceful and moderate Islam of the majority of Muslims. In doing so, it is contrasted with competing Sunni traditions such as the Deobandis, as an explicit binary is created between the two. However, the narrative has seen a shift since 2011, with the rise of Mumtaz Qadri, who murdered a politician due to allegations of blasphemy. In this article, I trace these developments in the perceptions of, and discourses about, Barelvis in South Asia, especially over the last twenty years. In doing so I explore four key ways of being Barelvi, including love for the Prophet Muhammad, an affiliation with the founder of the movement, Sufi practices and shrines, and opposition to Deobandi Islam.
Trends in Salmonella Infantis human illness incidence and chicken carcass prevalence in the United States; 1996–2019
Authors: Powell Mark R. , Williams Michael S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe incidence of human illness due to Salmonella Infantis reported to Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network and the prevalence of Infantis on chicken carcasses reported by the United States Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service have increased significantly in the past decade. However, the trends do not appear coincident, as would be expected if the increased prevalence in chicken led to the increase in the incidence of human illness. Salmonella Infantis incidence and prevalence trends are analyzed using penalized B‐spline methods for generalized additive regression models. The association between the two time series is analyzed using time‐lagged rank‐order cross‐correlation. Geographic variations in reported incidence and trends are also explored. The increase in human incidence of Salmonella Infantis began circa 2011. The increase in chicken carcass prevalence began circa 2015. A 4‐year lag on chicken carcass prevalence maximizes the rank‐order cross‐correlation with the incidence of illness. While chicken consumption undoubtedly contributes to the incidence of human illness due to Salmonella Infantis, the initial increase in reported illness was likely due to one or more other transmission pathways. Other potential transmission pathways include non‐chicken foodborne, waterborne, person‐to‐person, animal contact, and environmental.