bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward the Improvement of the Short‐Loop Recycling of Dy‐Rich Nd–Fe–B Permanent Magnets: Experimental and Numerical Approaches
Authors: Bacchetta Gatien , Luca Sorana , Rado Cyril , Orlandini‐Keller Frederico , Garandet Jean‐Paul 
Published: February 2024

The method of short‐loop recycling of Nd–Fe–B magnets is implemented, with end‐of‐life (EoL) magnets used as a source of heavy rare earth (HRE). Partially recycled magnets are fabricated by co‐sintering HRE‐free powders obtained from strip casted alloys, blended with HRE‐rich powders obtained from EoL magnets. The impact of several process parameters (blending ratio, sintering cycle, and HRE‐rich recycled particle sizes) on the microstructure and magnetic properties is discussed. A coercivity gain up to 160 kA m−1 wt%−1 of Dy with respect to the HRE‐free magnets is reported, even though impurities are incorporated. Microstructural characterizations show a heterogeneous Dy localization in core–shell/anticore–shell structures, and thus a nonoptimal use of HRE. The experimental results are compared with finite element simulations of the Dy diffusion transport performed using existing data of bulk Dy diffusion coefficients. The simulation model consists of a network of square grains separated by a liquid phase, whose fraction is based on the ternary Nd–Fe–B phase diagram. Results show similarities with the observed microstructures, and point to the interest of reducing the Dy‐rich particle size with respect to the main powder. This study provides new insights into the Dy transport mechanisms at stake in an efficient short‐loop recycling of HRE.
An ROS‐Scavenging Treg‐Recruiting Hydrogel Patch for Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Qu Moyuan , Xu Weizhe , Zhou Xingwu , Tang Fan , Chen Qian , Zhang Xia , Bai Xiaofeng , Li Zhiyong , Jiang Xing , Chen Qianming 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChronic inflammation and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can impair diabetic wound healing. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have emerged as a promising target to promote wound healing by regulating the immune system and supporting tissue repair through the secretion of growth factors and cytokines. However, an effective strategy for the on‐demand recruitment of Tregs for wound healing is still lacking. Here, an ROS‐scavenging Tregs‐recruiting hydrogel patch is developed for the sequential release of C─C motif chemokine 22 (CCL22) triggered by the ROS in the diabetic wound bed. The hydrogel patch is prepared by crosslinking the gelatin with ROS cleavable linker together with CCL22 (RSG‐CCL22). RSG‐CCL22 presented desirable physical properties suitable for skin regeneration purposes. In addition, the ROS scavenging feature of the RSG suppresses the differentiation of T helper 17 (Th17) cells and protects the recruited Tregs from apoptosis and oxidative stress, which maximizes their function in accelerating wound closure and promoting hair follicle regeneration in a diabetic full‐thickness skin defect mouse model. Therefore, the proposed approach provides a new therapeutic strategy for tissue regeneration and wound repair via effective recruitment of functional Tregs through ROS‐triggered on‐demand delivery.
Patterning Magnonic Structures via Laser Induced Crystallization of Yittrium Iron Garnet
Authors: Giacco Andrea Del , Maspero Federico , Levati Valerio , Vitali Matteo , Albisetti Edoardo , Petti Daniela , Brambilla Luigi , Polewczyk Vincent , Vinai Giovanni , Panaccione Giancarlo , Silvani Raffaele , Madami Marco , Tacchi Silvia , Dreyer Rouven , Lake Stephanie R. , Woltersdorf Georg , Schmidt Georg , Bertacco Riccardo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe fabrication and integration of high‐quality structures of Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) is critical for magnonics. Films with excellent properties are obtained only on single crystal Gadolinium Gallium Garnet (GGG) substrates using high‐temperature processes. The subsequent realization of magnonic structures via lithography and etching is not straightforward as it requires a tight control of the edge roughness, to avoid magnon scattering, and planarization in case of multilayer devices. In this work a different approach is described based on local laser annealing of amorphous YIG films, avoiding the need for subjecting the entire sample to high thermal budgets and for physical etching. Starting from amorphous and paramagnetic YIG films grown by pulsed laser deposition at room temperature on GGG, a 405 nm laser is used for patterning arbitrary shaped ferrimagnetic structures by local crystallization. In thick films (160 nm) the laser induced surface corrugation prevents the propagation of spin‐wave modes in patterned conduits. For thinner films (80 nm) coherent propagation is observed in 1.2 µm wide conduits displaying an attenuation length of 5 µm that is compatible with a damping coefficient of ≈5 × 10−3. Possible routes to achieve damping coefficients compatible with state‐of‐the art epitaxial YIG films are discussed.
Harnessing a Vibroacoustic Mode for Enabling Smart Functions on Surface Acoustic Wave Devices ‐ Application to Icing Monitoring and Deicing
Authors: Karimzadeh Atefeh , Weissker Uhland , del Moral Jaime , Winkler Andreas , Borrás Ana , González‐Elipe Agustin R. , Jacob Stefan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMicroacoustic wave devices are essential components in the radio frequency (RF) electronics and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) industry with increasing impact in various sensing and actuation applications. Reliable and smart operation of acoustic wave devices at low costs will cause a crucial advancement. Herein, this study presents the enablement of temperature and mechanical sensing capabilities in a Rayleigh‐mode standing surface acoustic wave (sSAW) chip device by harnessing an acoustic shear‐thickness dominant wave (SD) using the same set of electrodes. Most importantly, this mode is excited by switching the polarity of the sSAW transducer electrodes by simple electronics, allowing for direct and inexpensive compatibility with an existing setup. The method in the emergent topic of surface de‐icing is validated by continuously monitoring temperature and liquid–solid water phase changes using the SD mode, and on‐demand Rayleigh‐wave deicing with a negligible energy cost. The flexibility for adapting the system to different scenarios, and loads and the potential for scalability opens the path to impact in lab‐on‐a‐chip, internet of things (IoT) technology, and sectors requiring autonomous acoustic wave actuators.
Biofilm Microenvironment Activated Antibiotic Adjuvant for Implant‐Associated Infections by Systematic Iron Metabolism Interference
Authors: Ding Jianing , Wang Xin , Liu Wei , Ding Cheng , Wu Jianrong , He Renke , Zhang Xianlong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHematoma, a risk factor of implant‐associated infections (IAIs), creates a Fe‐rich environment following implantation, which proliferates the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Fe metabolism is a major vulnerability for pathogens and is crucial for several fundamental physiological processes. Herein, a deferiprone (DFP)‐loaded layered double hydroxide (LDH)‐based nanomedicine (DFP@Ga‐LDH) that targets the Fe‐rich environments of IAIs is reported. In response to acidic changes at the infection site, DFP@Ga‐LDH systematically interferes with bacterial Fe metabolism via the substitution of Ga3+ and Fe scavenging by DFP. DFP@Ga‐LDH effectively reverses the Fe/Ga ratio in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, causing comprehensive interference in various Fe‐associated targets, including transcription and substance metabolism. In addition to its favorable antibacterial properties, DFP@Ga‐LDH functions as a nano‐adjuvant capable of delaying the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Accordingly, DFP@Ga‐LDH is loaded with a siderophore antibiotic (cefiderocol, Cefi) to achieve the antibacterial nanodrug DFP@Ga‐LDH‐Cefi. Antimicrobial and biosafety efficacies of DFP@Ga‐LDH‐Cefi are validated using ex vivo human skin and mouse IAI models. The pivotal role of the hematoma‐created Fe‐rich environment of IAIs is highlighted, and a nanoplatform that efficiently interferes with bacterial Fe metabolism is developed. The findings of the study provide promising guidance for future research on the exploration of nano‐adjuvants as antibacterial agents.
Exploring the Potential of Colloidal Quantum Dots for Near‐Infrared to Short‐Wavelength Infrared Applications
Authors: Shin Daekwon , Park Youngsang , Jeong Hyeonjun , Tran Ha‐Chi V. , Jang Eunji , Jeong Sohee 
Published: February 2024

AbstractColloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are powerful components for next‐generation infrared (IR) optoelectronic devices owing to their confinement‐based bandgap‐tunability, cost‐efficiency, and solution‐processability. The strong absorption feature of CQDs from the near‐infrared to short‐wavelength infrared renders them ideal as absorbers in both photovoltaics (PVs) and photodetectors (PDs). To effectively integrate CQDs into these devices, a better understanding of their film properties and a refined approach to material and device architecture are essential. Additionally, compliance with environmental standards for the material design presents a challenge for their widespread application. Therefore, the essential characteristics of CQD films to design optimal IR harvesting optoelectronics are highlighted, for instance, the spectral range, doping polarity/concentration, and energy levels. Subsequently, recent advancements in CQD‐based tandem PVs are explored, covering the key considerations in the fabrication of two‐terminal devices and strategies for enhancing the power‐conversion‐efficiency of large‐sized CQD‐based PVs. The study then explored a CQD‐based photodetector, highlighting the approaches for reducing the dark current and improving the external‐quantum‐efficiency, and the recent progress in Pb‐free CQD PDs is discussed. Finally, the perspectives regarding the current challenges and future directions that are critical for advancing the field of PV and PD are presented.
The contribution of carbon budget to masting intervals in Veratrum album populations inhabiting different elevations
Authors: Ito Yohei , Kudo Gaku 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPremiseMast flowering/seeding is often more extreme in lower‐resource environments, such as alpine compared to lowland habitats. We studied a masting herb that had less extreme masting at higher elevations, and tested if this difference could be explained by higher photosynthetic productivity and/or lower reproductive investment at the higher‐elevation sites.MethodsWe examined the relationship between flowering intervals and carbon budget (i.e., the balance between reproductive investment and annual carbon fixation) in a masting herb, Veratrum album subsp. oxysepalum, across five lowland and six alpine populations in northern Japan. We evaluated the previous flowering histories of individual plants based on rhizome morphology and analyzed the masting patterns of individual populations. Total mass of the reproductive organs, as a proxy of reproductive investment, was compared between the lowland and alpine populations. Annual carbon fixation was estimated on the basis of photosynthetic capacity, total leaf area per plant, and seasonal transition of light availability.ResultsInterval between high‐flowering years was shorter and total reproductive investment was smaller in the alpine than in the lowland populations. Owing to its high photosynthetic capacity and continuous bright conditions, annual carbon fixation per plant was 1.5 times greater in alpine habitat than in lowland habitat. These results suggest that V. album alpine populations have shorter flowering intervals than lowland populations due to faster recovery from energy loss after reproduction.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that masting intervals in V. album populations can be explained by habitat‐specific carbon budget balances.
Visible–Light–Induced Phosphorylation Reaction of α‐Diazoesters with H‐Phosphine Oxides to Construct (Z)‐Phosphinic Hydrazones
Authors: Feng Yaping , Ding Hongyu , Liu Ruisheng , Wei Wei , Nan Guangming , Yi Dong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA convenient visible–light–promoted phosphorylation reaction of α‐diazoesters with H‐phosphine oxides for the preparation of (Z)‐phosphinic hydrazones has been explored. This reaction could be performed under mild conditions to afford a series of (Z)‐phosphinic hydrazones in moderate to good yields through photoisomerization of C=N bond.
Diet, Pace of Biological Aging, and Risk of Dementia in the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Thomas Aline , Ryan Calen P. , Caspi Avshalom , Liu Zhonghua , Moffitt Terrie E. , Sugden Karen , Zhou Jiayi , Belsky Daniel W. , Gu Yian 
Published: February 2024

ObjectivePeople who eat healthier diets are less likely to develop dementia, but the biological mechanism of this protection is not well understood. We tested the hypothesis that healthy diet protects against dementia because it slows the pace of biological aging.MethodsWe analyzed Framingham Offspring Cohort data. We included participants ≥60 years‐old, free of dementia and having dietary, epigenetic, and follow‐up data. We assessed healthy diet as long‐term adherence to the Mediterranean‐Dash Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay diet (MIND, over 4 visits spanning 1991–2008). We measured the pace of aging from blood DNA methylation data collected in 2005–2008 using the DunedinPACE epigenetic clock. Incident dementia and mortality were defined using study records compiled from 2005 to 2008 visit through 2018.ResultsOf n = 1,644 included participants (mean age 69.6, 54% female), n = 140 developed dementia and n = 471 died over 14 years of follow‐up. Greater MIND score was associated with slower DunedinPACE and reduced risks for dementia and mortality. Slower DunedinPACE was associated with reduced risks for dementia and mortality. In mediation analysis, slower DunedinPACE accounted for 27% of the diet‐dementia association and 57% of the diet‐mortality association.InterpretationFindings suggest that slower pace of aging mediates part of the relationship of healthy diet with reduced dementia risk. Monitoring pace of aging may inform dementia prevention. However, a large fraction of the diet‐dementia association remains unexplained and may reflect direct connections between diet and brain aging that do not overlap other organ systems. Investigation of brain‐specific mechanisms in well‐designed mediation studies is warranted. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:1069–1079
Diastereoselective Hydrogenation of Tetrasubstituted Olefins using a Heterogeneous Pt‐Ni Alloy Catalyst
Authors: Swann William A. , Yadav Anish , Colvin Nicholas B. , Freundl Nicole K. , Li Christina W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractStereoselective hydrogenation of tetrasubstituted olefins is an attractive method to access compounds with two contiguous stereocenters. However, homogeneous catalysts for enantio‐ and diastereoselective hydrogenation exhibit low reactivity toward tetrasubstituted olefins due to steric crowding between the ligand scaffold and the substrate. Monometallic heterogeneous catalysts, on the other hand, provide accessible surface active sites for hindered olefins but exhibit unpredictable and inconsistent stereoinduction. In this work, we develop a Pt−Ni bimetallic alloy catalyst that can diastereoselectively hydrogenate unactivated, sterically‐bulky tetrasubstituted olefins, utilizing the more oxophilic Ni atoms to adsorb a hydroxyl directing group and direct facially‐selective hydrogen addition to the olefin via the Pt atoms. Structure‐activity studies on several Pt−Ni compositions underscore the importance of exposing a uniform PtNi alloy surface to achieve high diastereoselectivity and minimize side reactions. The optimized Pt−Ni/SiO2 catalyst exhibits good functional group tolerance and broad scope for tetrasubstituted olefins in a cyclopentene scaffold, generating cyclopentanol products with three contiguous stereocenters. The synthetic utility of the method is demonstrated in a four‐step synthesis of (1R,2S)‐(+)‐cis‐methyldihydrojasmonate with high yield and enantiopurity.
Mechanistic Understanding of Oxygen Activation on Bulk Au(111) Surface Using Tip‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Cai Zhen‐Feng , Tang Zi‐Xi , Zhang Yao , Kumar Naresh 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGaining mechanistic understanding of oxygen activation on metal surfaces is a topical area of research in surface science. However, direct investigation of on‐surface oxidation processes at the nanoscale and the empirical validation of oxygen activation pathways remain challenging for the conventional analytical tools. In this study, we applied tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) to gain mechanistic insights into oxygen activation on bulk Au(111) surface. Specifically, oxidation of 4‐aminothiophenol (4‐ATP) to 4‐nitrothiophenol (4‐NTP) on Au(111) surface was investigated using hyperspectral TERS imaging. Nanoscale TERS images revealed a markedly higher oxidation efficiency in disordered 4‐ATP adlayers compared to the ordered adlayers signifying that the oxidation of 4‐ATP molecules proceeds via interaction with the on‐surface oxidative species. These results were further validated via direct oxidation of the 4‐ATP adlayers with H2O2 solution. Finally, TERS measurements of oxidized 4‐ATP adlayers in the presence of H2O18 provided the first empirical evidence for the generation of oxidative species on bulk Au(111) surface via water‐mediated activation of molecular oxygen. This study expands our mechanistic understanding of oxidation chemistry on bulk Au surface by elucidating the oxygen activation pathway.
Triazine Frameworks for the Photocatalytic Selective Oxidation of Toluene
Authors: Li Sizhe , Huber Niklas , Huang Wei , Wei Wenxin , Landfester Katharina , Ferguson Calum T. J. , Zhao Yan , Zhang Kai A. I. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInvestigations into the selective oxidation of inert sp3 C−H bonds using polymer photocatalysts under mild conditions have been limited. Additionally, the structure‐activity relationship of photocatalysts often remains insufficiently explored. Here, a series of thiophene‐based covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are used for the efficient and selective oxidation of hydrocarbons to aldehydes or ketones under ambient aerobic conditions. Spectroscopic methods conducted in situ and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the sulfur atoms within the thiophene units play a pivotal role as oxidation sites due to the generation of photogenerated holes. The effect of photogenerated holes on photocatalytic toluene oxidation was investigated by varying the length of the spacer in a CTF donor‐acceptor based photocatalyst. Furthermore, the manipulation of reactive oxygen species was employed to enhance selectivity by weakening the peroxidative capacity. As an illustrative example, this study successfully demonstrated the synthesis of a precursor of the neurological drug AMG‐579 using a photocatalytic protocol.
Heteroatom‐Doped Ag25 Nanoclusters Encapsulated in Metal–Organic Frameworks for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
Authors: Wang He , Zhang Xiyuan , Zhang Wei , Zhou Meng , Jiang Hai‐Long 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAtomically precise metal nanoclusters (NCs) with unique optical properties and abundant catalytic sites are promising in photocatalysis. However, their light‐induced instability and the difficulty of utilizing the photogenerated carriers for photocatalysis pose significant challenges. Here, MAg24 (M=Ag, Pd, Pt, and Au) NCs doped with diverse single heteroatoms have been encapsulated in a metal–organic framework (MOF), UiO‐66‐NH2, affording MAg24@UiO‐66‐NH2. Strikingly, compared with Ag25@UiO‐66‐NH2, the MAg24@UiO‐66‐NH2 doped with heteroatom exhibits much enhanced activity in photocatalytic hydrogen production, among which AuAg24@UiO‐66‐NH2 presents the best activity up to 3.6 mmol g−1 h−1, far superior to all other counterparts. Moreover, they display excellent photocatalytic recyclability and stability. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy demonstrate that MAg24 NCs encapsulated into the MOF create a favorable charge transfer pathway, similar to a Z‐scheme heterojunction, when exposed to visible light. This promotes charge separation, along with optimized Ag electronic state, which are responsible for the superior activity in photocatalytic hydrogen production.
Discriminating the Active Ru Species Towards the Selective Generation of Singlet Oxygen from Peroxymonosulfate: Nanoparticles Surpass Single‐Atom Catalysts
Authors: Bi Guangyu , Ding Rongrong , Song Junsheng , Luo Mengjie , Zhang Haotian , Liu Meng , Huang Dahong , Mu Yang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSinglet oxygen (1O2) is an exceptional reactive oxygen species in advanced oxidation processes for environmental remediation. Despite single‐atom catalysts (SACs) representing the promising candidate for the selective generation of 1O2 from peroxymonosulfate (PMS), the necessity to meticulously regulate the coordination environment of metal centers poses a significant challenge in the precisely‐controlled synthetic method. Another dilemma to SACs is their high surface free energy, which results in an inherent tendency for the surface migration and aggregation of metal atoms. We here for the first time reported that Ru nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by the facile pyrolysis method behave as robust Fenton‐like catalysts, outperforming Ru SACs, towards efficient activation of PMS to produce 1O2 with nearly 100 % selectivity, remarkably improving the degradation efficiency for target pollutants. Density functional theory calculations have unveiled that the boosted PMS activation can be attributed to two aspects: (i) enhanced adsorption of PMS molecules onto Ru NPs, and (ii) decreased energy barriers by offering adjacent sites for promoted dimerization of *O intermediates into adsorbed 1O2. This study deepens the current understanding of PMS chemistry, and sheds light on the design and optimization of Fenton‐like catalysts.
Hierarchically Responsive Alternating Nano‐Copolymers with Tailored Interparticle Bonds
Authors: He Huibin , Shen Xiaoxue , Yao Chongyang , Tao Jing , Chen Wenwen , Nie Zhihong , Wu Yue , Dai Liwei , Sang Yutao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSelf‐assembly of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) is an essential tool for constructing structured materials with a wide range of applications. However, achieving ordered assembly structures with externally programmable properties in binary NP systems remains challenging. In this work, we assemble binary inorganic NPs into hierarchically pH‐responsive alternating copolymer‐like nanostructures in an aqueous medium by engineering the interparticle electrostatic interactions. The polymer‐grafted NPs bearing opposite charges are viewed as nanoscale monomers (“nanomers”), and copolymerized into alternating nano‐copolymers (ANCPs) driven by the formation of interparticle “bonds” between nanomers. The resulting ANCPs exhibit reversibly responsive “bond” length (i.e., the distance between nanomers) in response to the variation of pH in a range of ~7–10, allowing precise control over the surface plasmon resonance of ANCPs. Moreover, specific interparticle “bonds” can break up at pH≥11, leading to the dis‐assembly of ANCPs into molecule‐like dimers and trimers. These dimeric and trimeric structures can reassemble to form ANCPs owing to the resuming of interparticle “bonds”, when the pH value of the solution changes from 11 to 7. The hierarchically responsive nanostructures may find applications in such as biosensing, optical waveguide, and electronic devices.