bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Homozygous K5Cre transgenic mice have wavy hair and accelerated malignant progression in a murine model of skin carcinogenesis
Authors: Chan Edward L. , Peace Belinda E. , Toney Kenya , Kader Sarah A. , Pathrose Peterson , Collins Margaret H. , Waltz Susan E. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractMice with conditional gene deletions have been extremely valuable in allowing investigators to study the genes of interest in a tissue‐specific manner. The Cre‐loxP recombination system provides a powerful tool to produce targeted rearrangements of particular genes. The keratin 5‐Cre recombinase (K5Cre) transgenic mouse line has been used to generate skin specific gene deletions. We found that the K5Cre mice display a unique phenotype when bred to homozygosity. The K5Cre+/+ mice have a wavy hair coat and curly whiskers. Histologically, the hair follicles appear disoriented. Over time, the K5Cre+/+ mice develop patches of alopecia. These mice are also runted when compared to wild‐type controls. Fostering the K5Cre+/+ pups to wild‐type mothers results in normal weight gain, suggesting a maternal defect in milk production. When the K5Cre+/+ mammary glands were examined, we not only found a significant decrease in the number of mammary branches in the virgin females, but also a greater number of quiescent alveoli units in the lactating glands. When the K5Cre+/+ mice were bred to v‐Ha‐ras (Tg · AC) transgenic mice, the resulting Tg · AC+/− K5Cre+/+ offspring were utilized in a chemically induced skin carcinogenesis model. The mice were treated with 2.5 µg of 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA) weekly for 10 wk. No difference was observed in the time to onset of papilloma formation, the number of papillomas and the average papilloma volume between the Tg · AC+/− K5Cre+/+ mice and their corresponding controls. Surprisingly, however, the K5Cre+/+ papillomas displayed an accelerated tendency to malignant progression; in addition, the frequency of malignant transformation of the papillomas is significantly enhanced. Although the K5Cre+/+ mice resemble waved‐1 and ‐2 mutants, the molecular basis for the K5Cre+/+ phenotype is probably different. In conclusion, we discovered a unique phenotype associated with the K5Cre+/+ transgenic line. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lead promotes abasic site accumulation and co‐mutagenesis in mammalian cells by inhibiting the major abasic endonuclease Ape1
Authors: McNeill Daniel R. , Wong Heng‐Kuan , Narayana Avinash , Wilson David M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractLead is a widespread environmental toxin, found in contaminated water sources, household paints, and certain occupational settings. Classified as a probable carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), lead promotes mutagenesis when combined with alkylating and oxidizing DNA‐damaging agents. We previously reported that lead inhibits the in vitro repair activity of Ape1, the major endonuclease for repairing mutagenic and cytotoxic abasic sites in DNA. We investigated here whether lead targets Ape1 in cultured mammalian cells. We report a concentration‐dependent inhibition of apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site incision activity of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) AA8 whole cell extracts by lead. In addition, lead exposure results in a concentration‐dependent accumulation of AP sites in the genomic DNA of AA8 cells. An increase in the oxidative base lesion 8‐oxoguanine was observed only at high lead levels (500 µM), suggesting that non‐specific oxidation plays little role in the production of lead‐related AP lesions at physiological metal concentrations—a conclusion corroborated by “thiobarbituric acid reactive substances” assays. Notably, Ape1 overexpression in AA8 (hApe1‐3 cell line) abrogated the lead‐dependent increase in AP site steady‐state levels. Moreover, lead functioned cooperatively to promote a further increase in abasic sites with agents known to generate AP sites in DNA (i.e., methyl methansulfonate (MMS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)), but not the DNA crosslinking agent mitomycin C. Hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) mutation analysis revealed that, whereas lead alone had no effect on mutation frequencies, mutagenesis increased in MMS treated, and to a greater extent lead/MMS treated, AA8 cells. With the hApe1‐3 cell line, the number of mutant colonies in all treatment groups was found to be equal to that of the background level, indicating that Ape1 overexpression reverses MMS‐ and lead‐associated hprt mutagenesis. Our studies in total indicate that Ape1 is a member of an emerging group of DNA surveillance proteins that are inhibited by environmental heavy metals, and suggest an underlying mechanism by which lead promotes co‐carcinogenesis. Published 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.†
Holmes tremor: Application of modern neuroimaging techniques
Authors: Paviour Dominic C. , Jäger H. Rolf , Wilkinson Leonora , Jahanshahi Marjan , Lees Andrew J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractHolmes tremor has a characteristic rest, intention, and postural component. The syndrome arises as a consequence of a lesion in the upper brainstem and cerebral peduncles, which, it is postulated, interrupts the cerebello‐rubrothalamic pathway. Ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, and bradykinesia are associated features. We present a case of Holmes tremor secondary to a midbrain cavernoma. Modern neuroimaging techniques in this case confirm that a combination of damage to the cerebello‐rubrothalamic pathway and the nigrostriatal pathway is required for the full Holmes tremor syndrome to occur. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society
Neuropsychological profile of DYT1 dystonia
Authors: Balas Meirav , Peretz Chava , Badarny Samih , Scott Richard B. , Giladi Nir 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe common belief that primary dystonia is a purely motor disorder has recently been challenged. We examined separately the cognitive profiles of symptomatic (SYM) and nonsymptomatic (N‐SYM) groups of carriers of DYT1 mutation using a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery. Self‐report inventories of anxiety, depression, and pain levels were also administered, as well as manual motor dexterity assessment. Each group was matched with healthy controls by age, sex, mother tongue, and education. No significant differences between the SYM group to its control group were found on cognitive tests evaluating verbal and nonverbal abstract abilities, attention, information processing speed, and spatial organization. However, the SYM group showed increased verbal memory retroactive interference. Interestingly, the patients also showed higher semantic fluency performance. No significant differences between the N‐SYM group to controls were found. It was concluded that symptomatic DYT1 mutation carriers do not suffer the distinctive cognitive decline that is seen in other primary degenerative extrapyramidal disorders. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society
Prevalence of tic disorder in two schools in the Basque country: Results and methodological caveats
Authors: Linazasoro Gurutz , Van Blercom Nadège , Ortiz De Zárate Carmen 
Published: September 2006

AbstractDifferent studies have shown that the prevalence of tic disorder is highly variable, depending on the methodology employed. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of tic disorder among children of two schools. The study was conducted in three successive steps: information to parents and teachers by way of speeches and projection of videotapes; anonymous fulfilling of an ad hoc questionnaire by teachers and parents and identification of children as “possible tic disorder” according to the questionnaire; and confirmation of the presence of tics by direct observation of children at school (20 minutes in each classroom). Eight hundred sixty‐seven children were included. Age ranged from 4 to 16 years. Ninety percent of parents and 99% of teachers fulfilled the questionnaire. Seventy‐one children had tics according to parents' and 50 according to teachers' opinion (both coincided in 23 cases). Fifty‐seven cases were identified after direct observation in the classroom (prevalence of 6.5%). The vast majority of tics were mild in severity and duration. Prevalence obtained in this study was comparable with data reported in studies using a similar methodology, which is higher than results shown in early studies addressed with less rigid methodology. Most of identified cases were quite mild, not leading to major functional disability. In spite of the methodology employed, it is possible that some cases were lost. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society
Ginsenoside Re promotes human sperm capacitation through nitric oxide‐dependent pathway
Authors: Zhang Hong , Zhou Qingming , Li Xiaoda , Zhao Weiping , Wang Yanling , Liu Hui , Li Ning 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe regulation of sperm capacitation is important for successful fertilization. Ginsenosides, the biologically effective components of ginseng, have been found to enhance intracellular nitric oxide (NO) production and the latter has recently been indicated to play a significant role in modulation of sperm functions. We investigated the effect of Ginsenoside Re on human sperm capacitation in vitro and the mechanism by which the Ginsenosides play their roles. Spermatozoa were separated by Percoll and incubated with 0, 1, 10, or 100 µM of Ginsenoside Re. The percentages of spontaneous and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)‐induced acrosome reaction (AR), as a measure of sperm capacitation, were assayed with fluorescein isothiocyanate‐conjugated Pisum sativum agglutinin (FITC‐PSA). The intracellular cGMP level was measured by [3H] cGMP radioimmunoassay system. The results showed that the percentages of both spontaneous and LPC‐induced AR and intracellular cGMP level were significantly enhanced by Ginsenoside Re with a concentration‐dependent manner. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 100 nM), a NO donor, mimicked the effects of Ginsenoside Re. And pretreatment with a NOS inhibitor Nω‐nitro‐l‐arginine methyl ester (L‐NAME, 100 µM) or a NO scavenger N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine (LNAC, 1 mM) completely blocked the effects of Ginsenoside Re. Furthermore, the AR‐inducing effect of Ginsenoside Re was significantly reduced in the presence of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor LY83583 or cGMP‐dependent protein kinase (PCK) inhibitor KT5823, whereas addition of the cGMP analogue 8‐Br‐cGMP significantly increased the AR of human spermatozoa. Data suggested that Ginsenoside Re is beneficial to sperm capacitation and AR, and that the effect is accomplished through NO/cGMP/PKG pathway. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 74: 497–501, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Change in psychological resources of younger and older cancer patients during chemotherapy
Authors: Pinquart Martin , Fröhlich Cornelia , Silbereisen Rainer K. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractPsychological resources were investigated in 150 recently diagnosed adult cancer patients and in 150 healthy control group members. Before the start of chemotherapy, cancer patients reported higher levels of optimism, purpose in life than their healthy peers, and self‐esteem (only younger patients) whereas no between‐group differences emerged for internal locus of control. However, the mobilization of psychological resources was limited to younger patients, and varied by item content. Over a 9‐month period, most psychological resources of cancer patients showed a small but significant decline, and patients with higher illness‐related stressors (e.g. stronger functional impairments, low perceived success of therapy) were more likely to decline in resources. We conclude that in line with cognitive adaptation theory cancer diagnosis leads to an initial mobilization of psychological resources in younger patients, but that over the course of therapy psychological resources decline to a level that would be expected in healthy adults. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of genes potentially involved in the acquisition of androgen‐independent and metastatic tumor growth in an autochthonous genetically engineered mouse prostate cancer model
Authors: Morgenbesser Sharon D. , McLaren Rajashree P. , Richards Brenda , Zhang Mindy , Akmaev Viatcheslav R. , Winter Scott F. , Mineva Nora D. , Kaplan‐Lefko Paula J. , Foster Barbara A. , Cook Brian P. , Dufault Michael R. , Cao Xiahong , Wang Clarence J. , Teicher Beverly A. , Klinger Katherine W. , Greenberg Norman M. , Madden Stephen L. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDA major focus of prostate cancer research has been to identify genes that are deregulated during tumor progression, potentially providing diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.METHODSWe have employed serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) and microarray hybridization to identify alterations that occur during malignant transformation in the Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) model. Many of these alterations were validated by real‐time PCR (rtPCR).RESULTSWe identified several hundred mRNAs that were deregulated. Cluster analysis of microarray profiles with samples from various stages of the disease demonstrated that androgen‐independent (AI) primary tumors are similar to metastases; 180 transcripts have expression patterns suggesting an involvement in the genesis of late‐stage tumors, and our data support a role for phospholipase A2 group IIA in the acquisition of their highly aggressive characteristics.CONCLUSIONSOur analyses identified well‐characterized genes that were previously known to be involved in prostate cancer, validating our study, and also uncovered transcripts that had not previously been implicated in prostate cancer progression. Prostate 67:83–106, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Theoretical study of XCN− (XF,Cl) anions
Authors: Bhattacharyya I. , Bera N. C. , Das A. K. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractGeometrical parameters, vibrational frequencies, zero‐point energy, dipole moment, NBO atomic charges of FCN−, ClCN− and their isomers, and the isomerization energy of FCN− and ClCN− are studied in detail using the ab initio MP2, CCSD, CCSD(T), and density functional B3LYP methods. The results are compared with the existing data reported using various theoretical methods in conjunction with different basis sets. The effect of electron correlation on the structural properties of these molecular anions is discussed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
Sequential Reactions with Amine‐Terminated Monolayers and Isolated Molecules on H/Si(111)
Authors: Eves Brian J. , Fan Chaoyang , Lopinski Gregory P. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA simple method for preparing monolayers with terminal amine functionality is demonstrated. A gas‐phase photochemical reaction of 1,3‐diaminopropane with a H‐terminated Si(111) surface results in the molecules covalently attaching to the surface, primarily through the formation of a SiN bond. These monolayers are characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and high‐resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS). The reactivity of the terminal amine is confirmed by exposing the monolayer to benzaldehyde, resulting in the formation of an imine link and the grafting of phenyl rings onto the surface. For short irradiation times, this reaction leads to the formation of isolated amine groups on an otherwise pristine H‐terminated surface. STM and HREELS studies of the benzaldehyde reaction on these low‐coverage surfaces (less than 0.005 monolayers) indicate that the reaction is restricted to the reactive amine groups, leaving the remainder of the surface unaffected. This simple approach for a sequential coupling reaction is expected to facilitate attachment of more complex molecules (molecular switches, biomolecules) for single‐molecule STM studies.
The mineral content of dairy cattle feed resources in Nakuru district, Kenya
Authors: Wekesa FW , Abdulrazak SA , Mukisira EA , Muia JMK 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe feed resources commonly used by farmers in the Nakuru district of Kenya had mineral contents below the levels recommended for ruminants, so it was concluded that strategic mineral supplementation of rations seems necessary. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Das neue ternäre Borid Mg8Pt4B und die neue intermetallische Verbindung PtMg2
Authors: Schmitt Ruth , Glaser Jochen , Meyer H.‐Jürgen 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe New Ternary Boride Mg8Pt4B and the New Intermetallic Compound PtMg2The new magnesium platinum boride Mg8Pt4B was obtained from a reaction of the elements in sealed niobium tubes. It crystallizes isotypically with Mg8Rh4B in the cubic space group $Fd{\bar 3}m$ with a =12.2481(1) Å and can be structurally derived from the Ti2Ni structure type, where boron occupies cavities, which are formed by four magnesium and four platium atoms. The new intermetallic compound PtMg2 was also prepared by reaction of the elements in a sealed Nb container and adopts the tetragonal CuAl2 type structure, space group I4/mcm with a = 6.334(1) Å and c = 5.621(1) Å.
Halide Abstraction by Na[B{C6H3(CF3)2‐3,5}4]: Synthesis and Structural Characterization of the Rhodium(I) Cations [(η6‐arene)Rh(PPh3)2]+ (Arene = benzene, toluene)
Authors: Buttler Oliver , Al‐Fawaz Amal , Kays Deborah L. , Day Joanna K. , Ooi Li‐Ling , Aldridge Simon 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHalide abstraction from [(Ph3P)2Rh(μ‐Cl)]2 by the sodium salt of the weakly coordinating [BArf4]− anion [Arf = C6H3(CF3)2‐3,5] in the presence of excess arene offers a convenient, high‐yielding route to the half‐sandwich cations [(arene)Rh(PPh3)2]+[BArf4]− [arene = benzene (1), toluene (2)]. Crystalline samples of 1 and 2 are isomorphous [a = 13.1270(2), b = 15.3030(2), c = 17.5760(3) Å, α = 74.620(1), β = 81.533(1), γ = 88.540(1)° for 1] and feature the arene ligand bound to the rhodium atom in η6 fashion.
Contemporary medical therapy for polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Lanham M.S.M. , Lebovic D.I. , Domino S.E. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractPolycystic ovary syndrome is a multi‐system endocrinopathy with long‐term metabolic and cardiovascular health consequences. Patients typically present due to symptoms of irregular menstruation, hair growth, or infertility; however, recent management options are aimed at further treating underlying glucose–insulin abnormalities as well as androgen excess for proactive control of symptoms. By a 2003 international consensus conference, diagnosis is made by two out of three criteria: chronic oligoovulation or anovulation after excluding secondary causes, clinical or biochemical evidence of hyperandrogenism (but not necessarily hirsutism due to inter‐patient variability in hair follicle sensitivity), and radiological evidence of polycystic ovaries. Traditional medical treatment options include oral contraceptive pills, cyclic progestins, ovulation induction, and anti‐androgenic medications (aldosterone antagonist, 5α‐reductase antagonist, and follicle ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor). Recent pharmacotherapies include insulin‐sensitizing medications metformin and two thiazolidinediones (rosiglitazone/Avandia® and pioglitazone/Actos®), a CYP19 aromatase inhibitor (letrozole/Femara®), and statins to potentially lower testosterone levels.
Holocene Climate Variability and Cultural Evolution in the Near East from the Dead Sea Sedimentary Record
Authors: Migowski Claudia , Stein Mordechai , Prasad Sushma , Negendank Jörg F.W. , Agnon Amotz 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA comprehensive record of lake level changes in the Dead Sea has been reconstructed using multiple, well dated sediment cores recovered from the Dead Sea shore. Interpreting the lake level changes as monitors of precipitation in the Dead Sea drainage area and the regional eastern Mediterranean palaeoclimate, we document the presence of two major wet phases (∼ 10–8.6 and ∼ 5.6–3.5 cal kyr BP) and multiple abrupt arid events during the Holocene. The arid events in the Holocene Dead Sea appear to coincide with major breaks in the Near East cultural evolution (at ∼ 8.6, 8.2, 4.2, 3.5 cal kyr BP). Wetter periods are marked by the enlargement of smaller settlements and growth of farming communities in desert regions, suggesting a parallelism between climate and Near East cultural development.
Recent Ned Rorem CDs
Authors: Johnson Bret 
Published: October 2006

ROREM: Flute Concerto; Violin Concerto; Pilgrims for strings. Philippe Quint (vln), Jeffrey Khaner (fl), Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra c. José Serebrier. Naxos American Classics 8.559278.ROREM: The Auden Songs; The Santa Fe Songs. Christopher Lemmings (ten), Sara Fulgoni (mezzosop), Chamber Domaine. Black Box BBM 1104.ROREM: Works for Choir and Organ. Harvard University Choir dir. Murray Forbes Somerville with Carson Cooman (organ). Black Box BBM 1102.
Ragged Red Fibers in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 2: Ragged Red Herring?
Authors: Walker Melanie , Born Donald E , Weiss Michael D 
Published: September 2006

Abstract

Myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2) is an autosomal dominant multisystem disorder with variable phenotypic expression, previously referred to as proximal myotonic myopathy. The genetic defect in DM2 is the result of a CCTG tetranucleotide repeat expansion on chromosome 3q in the gene for the transcriptional factor zinc finger protein 9. Though weakness is prominent, mitochondrial pathology has not been clearly associated with DM2. The authors present a patient with pathologic evidence for abundant ragged red fibers in a case of genetically proven DM2 and discuss the ramifications of such findings.
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP) With Rapid Progression After Influenza Vaccination: A Report of Three Cases
Authors: Kelkar Praful 
Published: September 2006

Abstract

Influenza vaccination has been implicated to increase the risk of developing Gullain-Barre syndrome. Rarely vaccination is reported before relapse in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), but there are no clearly documented reports of rapidly progressing CIDP with onset soon after influenza vaccination. The authors describe 3 patients who developed CIDP with rapid onset in close proximity to influenza vaccination followed by relapsing or chronic course.
Sporadic, Adult-Onset Nemaline Myopathy Presenting as Camptocormia (Bent-Spine Syndrome)
Authors: Gorson Kenneth C , Adelman Lester S , Pierson Christopher , Beggs Alan H 
Published: September 2006

Abstract

The authors report a case of sporadic, late-onset nemaline myopathy presenting with camptocormia (bent-spine syndrome). The patient had slowly progressive, painless weakness of the thoracic and lumbar paraspinal muscles developing over 5 years, sparing limb muscles. Creatine kinase was normal, and electrodiagnostic studies showed fibrillation potentials and myopathic motor units restricted to the paraspinal musculature. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated muscle atrophy and T2 hyperintensity of the paraspinal muscles. Biopsy of a thoracic paraspinal muscle demonstrated numerous nemaline rods on the modified Gomori trichrome stain, confirmed by electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. The patient was of Ashkenazi-Jewish descent, but no other family members were affected, and DNA analysis excluded deletion of the nebulin gene. Although isolated head-drop has been reported as a rare presenting feature of nemaline myopathy, isolated bent-spine syndrome has not been described. The absence of the nebulin gene deletion suggests that other mutations may be linked to nemaline myopathy in Ashkenazi patients.
Staining Membrane-Bound Proteins with Ponceau S
Authors: Stochaj Wayne R. , Berkelman Tom , Laird Nancy 
Published: October 2006

INTRODUCTIONBecause Ponceau S is relatively insensitive (~1 μg of protein), only the most abundant proteins will be visible. However, it is a reversible stain that can be removed completely with H2O prior to processing the blots. After staining, a soft lead pencil can be used to record the presence of visible proteins and molecular-weight markers, which will help when aligning the proteins detected on the membrane by western analysis with those in a total protein-stained gel or membrane. Ponceau S is compatible with both nitrocellulose and PVDF membranes.