bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A retrospective cost‐effectiveness analysis of different cognitive‐behavioral therapy for insomnia intervention delivery approaches in adult cancer survivors
Authors: Pilehvari Asal , Recklitis Christopher J. , Zhou Eric S. , You Wen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundCognitive‐behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT‐I) is considered the gold standard treatment for insomnia. Prior trials have delivered CBT‐I across a range of treatment sessions. Understanding the economics of varying treatment approaches is essential for future implementation considerations.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cost‐effectiveness analysis from the provider's perspective, comparing the implementation of a three‐session CBT‐I program for cancer survivors (CBT‐I‐CS) versus a stepped care treatment approach consisting of an initial single sleep education session followed by CBT‐I‐CS if elevated insomnia symptoms persisted. The effectiveness measure used was the percentage of participants whose insomnia had remitted by the end of each program.ResultsStepped care delivery was more effective than CBT‐I‐CS alone, resulting in 35.4% more remitted patients by the end of the overall program. For a $480 willingness to pay threshold per percentage of remitted patients, stepped care CBT‐I‐CS reached a 98% probability of being cost‐effective, while CBT‐I‐CS alone had only a 2% probability. Larger group sessions in the first step of a stepped care delivery model resulted in more favorable cost‐effectiveness.ConclusionsA stepped care delivery model may be a more cost‐effective approach if it can be implemented efficiently. These findings inform policies aimed at improving cancer survivors' access to much‐needed insomnia treatment in settings where financial resources for CBT‐I may be limited, and be an important barrier to treatment dissemination.Clinical Trial RegistrationThese analyses were not registered.
Statistical approaches to evaluate in vitro dissolution data against proposed dissolution specifications
Authors: Li Fasheng , Nickerson Beverly , Van Alstine Les , Wang Ke 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn vitro dissolution testing is a regulatory required critical quality measure for solid dose pharmaceutical drug products. Setting the acceptance criteria to meet compendial criteria is required for a product to be filed and approved for marketing. Statistical approaches for analyzing dissolution data, setting specifications and visualizing results could vary according to product requirements, company's practices, and scientific judgements. This paper provides a general description of the steps taken in the evaluation and setting of in vitro dissolution specifications at release and on stability.
Quantum Anomaly Detection with a Spin Processor in Diamond
Authors: Chai Zihua , Liu Ying , Wang Mengqi , Guo Yuhang , Shi Fazhan , Li Zhaokai , Wang Ya , Du Jiangfeng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the processing of quantum computation, analyzing and learning the pattern of the quantum data are essential for many tasks. Quantum machine learning algorithms cannot only deal with the quantum states generated in the preceding quantum procedures, but also the quantum registers encoding classical problems. In this work, the anomaly detection of quantum states encoding audio samples with a three‐qubit quantum processor consisting of solid‐state spins in diamond is experimentally demonstrated. By training the quantum machine with a few normal samples, the quantum machine can detect the anomaly samples with a minimum error rate of 15.4%. These results show the power of quantum anomaly detection in dealing with machine learning tasks and the potential to detect abnormal output of quantum devices.
Event‐triggered control of switched linear systems with state‐dependent switching law and unstabilizable modes
Authors: Zeng Ze‐Hong , Wang Yan‐Wu , Liu Xiao‐Kang , Liu Zhi‐Wei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper studies the event‐triggered control of switched linear system with state‐dependent switching law. A dynamic term is introduced to the switching law to acclimatize the dynamic mode‐dependent event‐triggered controller. Besides, neither the switching law nor the controller needs continuous detection of the system states. Because of the event‐triggered and sampling behavior of the controller, asynchronous between the controller and the system modes are encountered. A new multiple Lyapunov functional is proposed to appropriately characterize the synchronous and asynchronous working modes of the system, and a sufficient exponential stability condition is obtained, which is applicable for the cases when some modes or all modes of the switched system are unstabilizable. Moreover, the event‐triggered control and switching law parameters are jointly designed using linear matrix inequalities. Numerical and comparison studies are offered to provide the validity and superiority of the result.
Multi‐Level Structural Enhancement Mechanism of the Excellent Mechanical Properties of Dung Beetle Leg Joint
Authors: Tuo Zhiwei , Yang Kaisheng , Ma Suqian , Cui Jiandong , Shi Yu , Zhao Hongwei , Liang Yunhong , Liu Changyi , Lin Zhaohua , Han Zhiwu , Ren Luquan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe multi‐level structure is a strategy to enhance the mechanical properties of dung beetle leg joints. Under external loads, the microstructure facilitates energy dissipation and prevents crack extension. The macrostructure aids in transferring the load to more reliable parts. The connection established by the two hemispheres is present in the dung beetle leg joint. The micron‐layered and nanoscale crystal structures further constitute the leg joint with excellent mechanical properties. The maximum compression fracture force is ≈101000 times the weight of the leg. Here, the structural design within the dung beetle leg joints and reveal the resulting mechanical response and enhancement mechanisms is determined. A series of beetle leg joints where the macrostructure and microstructure of the dung beetle leg provide mechanical strength at critical strains while avoiding catastrophic failure by transferring the load from the joint to the exoskeleton of the femur is highlighted. Nanocrystalline structures and fiber layers contribute to crack propagation of the exoskeleton. Based on this, the bionic joint with multi‐level structures using resin and conducted a series of tests to verify their effectiveness is prepared. This study provides a new idea for designing and optimizing high‐load joints in engineering.
On‐Chip Micro‐Supercapacitor with High Areal Energy Density Based on Dielectrophoretic Assembly of Nanoporous Metal Microwire Electrodes
Authors: Seo Seungdeok , Oh In Hyeok , Chang Suk Tai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdvances in the Internet of Things (IoT) technology have driven the demand for miniaturized electronic devices, prompting research on small‐scale energy‐storage systems. Micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs) stand out in this regard because of their compact size, high power density, high charge–discharge rate, and extended cycle life. However, their limited energy density impedes commercialization. To resolve this issue, a simple and innovative approach is reported herein for fabricating highly efficient on‐chip MSCs integrated with nanoporous metal microwires formed by dielectrophoresis (DEP)‐driven gold nanoparticle (AuNP) assembly. Placing a water‐based AuNP suspension onto interdigitated electrodes and applying an alternating voltage induces in‐plane porous microwire formation in the electrode gap. The DEP‐induced AuNP assembly and the gold microwire (AuMW) growth rate can be adjusted by controlling the applied alternating voltage and frequency. The microwire‐integrated MSC (AuMW‐MSC) electrically outperforms its unmodified counterpart and exhibits a 30% larger electrode area, along with 72% and 78% higher specific and areal capacitances, respectively, than a microwire‐free MSC. Additionally, AuMW‐MSC achieves maximum energy and power densities of 3.33 µWh cm−2 and 2629 µW cm−2, respectively, with a gel electrolyte. These findings can help upgrade MSCs to function as potent energy‐storage devices for small electronics.
Tuning the Surface Stability and Li/Na Storage of MXenes by Controlling the Surface Termination Coverage
Authors: Qiu Nianxiang , He Jian , Huang Qing , Du Shiyu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract2D transition metal carbides and/or nitrides, MXenes, are a class of widely studied materials with great potential for energy storage applications. The control of surface chemistry is an effective approach for preparing novel MXenes and modifying their electrochemical properties. However, an in‐depth and systematic atomic‐scale study of the effect of surface termination on MXene stability and electrochemical performance is scarce and thus is highly desired. Here, through high‐throughput first‐principles calculations, 28 stable chalcogen‐functionalized M2CTz (M = V, Nb, and Ta, T = S, Se, and Te) under different chemical environments are identified. The reduction of termination coverage improves electrical conductivity but weakens in‐plane stiffness. Intriguingly, based on charge transfer mechanism, the diffusion barrier of lithium/sodium atoms on the M2CTz exhibits a volcano‐like relationship with termination coverage, and the ion diffusion channel formed in half termination coverage greatly accelerates lithium ion diffusion and returns to or exceeds sodium ion diffusion rate at full termination coverage. V2CSe2/Nb2CSz not only displays the large lithium/sodium capacity (592/409‐466 mAhg−1) but also exhibits low barrier energy and open‐circuit voltage, suggesting a promising candidate anode material for lithium/sodium‐ion batteries. These findings provide insights into the design and fabrication of MXenes and tuning the electrochemical performance of MXenes by controlling termination coverage.
Stoichiometrically Optimized Electrochromic Complex [V2O2+ξ(OH)3‐ξ] Based Electrode: Prototype Supercapacitor with Multicolor Indicator
Authors: Bansal Love , Sahu Bhumika , Rath Deb Kumar , Ahlawat Nikita , Ghosh Tanushree , Kandpal Suchita , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe systematic structure modification of metal oxides is becoming more attractive, and effective strategies for structural tunning are highly desirable for improving their practical color‐modulating energy storage performances. Here, the ability of a stoichiometrically tuned oxide‐hydroxide complex of porous vanadium oxide, namely [V2O2+ξ(OH)3‐ξ]ξ = 0:3 for multifunctional electrochromic supercapacitor application is demonstrated. Theoretically, the pre‐optimized oxide complex is synthesized using a simple wet chemical etching technique in its optimized stoichiometry [V2O2+ξ(OH)3‐ξ] with ξ = 0, providing more electroactive surface sites. The multifunctional electrode shows a high charge storage property of 610 Fg−1 at 1A g−1, as well as good electrochromic properties with high color contrast of 70% and 50% at 428 and 640 nm wavelengths, faster switching, and high coloration efficiency. When assembled in a solid‐state symmetric electrochromic supercapacitor device, it exhibits an ultrahigh power density of 1066 mWcm−2, high energy density of 246 mWhcm−2, and high specific capacitance of 290 mFcm−2 at 0.2 mAcm−2. A prepared prototype device displays red when fully charged, green when half charged, and blue when fully discharged. A clear evidence of optimizing the multifunctional performance of electrochromic supercapacitor by stoichiometrical tuning is presented along with demonstrating a device prototype of a 25 cm2 large device for real‐life applications.
Enhancing the Output Performance of Triboelectric Nanogenerator Through Regulation of its Internal Nano‐Architecture
Authors: Li Jiawei , Peng Yating , Wang Peng , Wang Congyu , Zhang Jun , Xiang Tengfei , Yao Shengxun , Zhang Dun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTriboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) has proven highly effective in converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. Previous research on manipulating microstructure for performance enhancement primarily focused on the surface of TENGs. In this study, an innovative bottom–up strategic design to control the internal nano‐architecture for the enhanced output of TENG is proposed. This multiscale structural design strategy consists of defect chemistry (angstrom‐scale), surface modification (nano‐scale), and spatial regulation of nanoparticles (meso‐scale), which helps explore the optimal utilization of TENG's internal structure. After fine‐tuning the nano‐architecture, the output voltage is significantly increased. This optimized TENG serves as a robust platform for developing self‐powered systems, including self‐powered electrochemical chlorination systems for sterilization. Additionally, through the utilization of multiscale simulations (density functional theory, all‐atom molecular dynamics, and dissipative particle dynamics), the underlying mechanisms governing how the optimized nanoparticle–polymer interface and spatial arrangement of nanoparticles influence the storage and transfer of charges are comprehensively elucidated. This study not only demonstrates the effectiveness of manipulating internal nano‐architecture to enhance TENG performance for practical applications but also provides invaluable insights into structural engineering for TENG advancement.
Suppressed Phase Segregation with Small A‐Site and Large X‐Site Incorporation for Photostable Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Sun Huande , Liu Sanwan , Liu Xiaoxuan , Gao You , Wang Jianan , Shi Chenyang , Raza Hasan , Sun Zhenxing , Pan Yongyan , Cai Yong , Zhang Siqi , Sun Derun , Chen Wei , Liu Zonghao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWide‐bandgap (WBG) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been widely used as the top cell of tandem solar cells. However, photoinduced phase segregation and high open‐circuit voltage loss pose significant obstacles to the development of WBG PSCs. Here, a two‐step small‐size A‐site and large‐size X‐site incorporation strategy is reported to modulate the lattice distortion and improve the film quality of WBG formamidinium‐methylammonium (FAMA) perovskite films for photostable PSCs based on two‐step deposition method. First, CsI with content of 0–20% is introduced to tune the lattice distortion and film quality of FAMA perovskite with a bandgap of 1.70 eV. Then, 4% RbI is incorporated to further modulate the perovskite growth and lattice distortion, leading to the suppression of photoinduced phase segregation in the resultant RbCsFAMA quadruple cation perovskites. As a result, the 20%CsI/4%RbI‐doped device obtains a promising efficiency of 20.6%, and the corresponding perovskite film shows good photothermal stability. Even without encapsulation, the device can maintain 92% of its initial efficiency after 1000 h of continuous operation under 1 sun equivalent white light‐emitting diode illumination.
Thermal and mass stratification effects on unsteady parabolic flow past an infinite vertical plate with exponential decaying temperature and variable mass diffusion in porous medium
Authors: Nath Rupam Shankar , Deka Rudra Kanta 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study looks at how thermal and mass stratification affect the unsteady parabolic flow past an infinite vertical plate with exponentially decaying temperature and variable mass diffusion in a porous medium. The Laplace transform method is applied to solve the governing equations for flow, energy, and mass diffusion. The effects of the both stratification on the flow field, temperature, and mass diffusion are then investigated. The research suggests that the existence of thermal and mass stratification has a considerable influence on the profiles of velocity, temperature, and mass diffusion. It is also found that a stable state is reached for the velocity when both stratification parameters are increased, while stable states are reached for the temperature and concentration when the mass stratification is increased but the thermal stratification is decreased.
The effects of anthropogenic noise on frogs housed on exhibit at a public aquarium
Authors: Angel Colette , Romano Michael , Knapp Charles R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAnuran behavior and reproduction are dominated by vocalizations, rendering them vulnerable to the effects of signal masking. For anurans on display in zoos and aquaria, a major source of ambient noise is visitors, which pose a unique source of potential anthropogenic signal masking. Call characteristics (total call duration, and minimum and maximum call frequencies) of three populations of dendrobatids (Dendrobates leucomelas, Epipedobates tricolor, and Ranitomeya imitator) on public display were investigated at time periods of increasing visitor‐related noise (closed, off‐peak, and peak aquarium visiting hours) to determine if there were changes in call characteristics that correlated with changes in visitor noise levels. The data revealed that call length increased with more visitor noise for D. leucomelas and E. tricolor, with their longest calls during peak hours, and all three species had their shortest calls during closed hours. Both minimum and maximum call frequencies increased with more visitor noise for E. tricolor and R. imitator, with their highest frequencies during peak hours, and lowest frequencies during closed hours. This study found evidence that anurans on public display adjust their vocalizations in the presence of visitor noise. These findings support expanded monitoring of ambient noise for animals on public display to determine if noise poses significant effects that might influence well‐being or reproduction.
Quantum detection of new physics in top-quark pair production at the LHC
Authors: Maltoni Fabio , Severi Claudio , Tentori Simone , Vryonidou Eleni 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The recent observation of entanglement between top and anti-top quarks at the LHC opens the way to interpreting collider data with quantum information tools. In this work we investigate the relevance of quantum observables in searches of new physics. To this aim, we study spin correlations of $$t\overline{t }$$ pairs originating from various intermediate resonances, and compare the discovery reach of quantum observables compared to classical ones. We find that they provide complementary information and, in several notable cases, also the additional leverage necessary to detect new effects.
A New Literary Style of Science: The Rise of Acronyms in Physics and Astronomy
Authors: Kragh Helge 
Published: March 2024

AbstractResearch articles in all branches of modern science are crowded with the abbreviated technical terms known as acronyms, a phenomenon that was essentially unknown before World War II. Apart from an introduction to the notion of acronyms and its short history, the paper discusses from a historical perspective the connections between acronyms and eponyms in science. Moreover, it charts how acronyms and abbreviations became so common in physics and astronomy that the excessive use of them came to be considered a symptom of a contagious disease. While many science acronyms are exotic and little used, and some downright bizarre, others have become household words that in some cases are not even recognized to be acronymic constructions. The paper briefly examines the naming histories of some of these successful acronyms in physics and astronomy, among them radar, sonar, maser, laser, and pulsar.
USP28 promotes tumorigenesis and cisplatin resistance by deubiquitinating MAST1 protein in cancer cells
Authors: Karapurkar Janardhan Keshav , Colaco Jencia Carminha , Suresh Bharathi , Tyagi Apoorvi , Woo Sang Hyeon , Jo Won-Jun , Ko Nare , Singh Vijai , Hong Seok-Ho , Oh Seung Jun , Kim Kye-Seong , Ramakrishna Suresh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCisplatin is a chemotherapy drug that causes a plethora of DNA lesions and inhibits DNA transcription and replication, resulting in the induction of apoptosis in cancer cells. However, over time, patients develop resistance to cisplatin due to repeated treatment and thus the treatment efficacy is limited. Therefore, identifying an alternative therapeutic strategy combining cisplatin treatment along with targeting factors that drive cisplatin resistance is needed. CRISPR/Cas9 system-based genome-wide screening for the deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) subfamily identified USP28 as a potential DUB that governs cisplatin resistance. USP28 regulates the protein level of microtubule-associated serine/threonine kinase 1 (MAST1), a common kinase whose expression is elevated in several cisplatin-resistant cancer cells. The expression level and protein turnover of MAST1 is a major factor driving cisplatin resistance in many cancer types. Here we report that the USP28 interacts and extends the half-life of MAST1 protein by its deubiquitinating activity. The expression pattern of USP28 and MAST1 showed a positive correlation across a panel of tested cancer cell lines and human clinical tissues. Additionally, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout of USP28 in A549 and NCI-H1299 cells blocked MAST1-driven cisplatin resistance, resulting in suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation ability, migration and invasion in vitro. Finally, loss of USP28 destabilized MAST1 protein and attenuated tumor growth by sensitizing cells to cisplatin treatment in mouse xenograft model. We envision that targeting the USP28-MAST1 axis along with cisplatin treatment might be an alternative therapeutic strategy to overcome cisplatin resistance in cancer patients.
Primär sklerosierende Cholangitis – Diagnose und Therapie 2024
Authors: Trauner Michael , Halilbasic Emina , Tatscher Elisabeth , Fickert Peter 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Ursache der primär sklerosierenden Cholangitis (PSC) bleibt unklar und erklärt das Fehlen einer kausalen Therapie. Die differenzialdiagnostische Abgrenzung zur noch selteneren IgG4-assoziierten Cholangitis (IAC) gelingt uns immer besser. Fortschritte im Wissen um unterschiedliche klinische Verläufe, Verbesserungen in der nichtinvasiven Diagnostik durch moderne Magnetresonanzbildgebung und die Einführung der Leberelastographie führten zur Entwicklung verbesserter Prognosemodelle. Die Evidenz für Empfehlungen zur medikamentösen (z. B. Ursodesoxycholsäure) oder endoskopischen Therapie (z. B. Ballondilatation und/oder Stenteinlage) bei PSC bleibt gering. Hingegen werden die Langzeitergebnisse der Lebertransplantation bei PSC stetig besser. Mangels hochsensitiver und spezifischer Screeningmethoden gelingt die Früherkennung des cholangiozellulären Karzinoms (CCC) als wichtigste Komplikation selten. Die stetige Verbesserung von ERCP und direkter Cholangioskopie in Kombination mit molekularbiologischen und FISH-Analysen der gewonnenen Gewebsproben ist für die verfeinerte Diagnostik vielversprechend. Aufgrund des deutlich erhöhten Risikos für kolorektale Karzinome wird bei Vorliegen einer chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankung (CED) die jährliche Koloskopie empfohlen. Errungenschaften in der Frühdiagnostik und die erfolgreiche Testung neuer Therapiemodalitäten lassen auf eine stetige Verbesserung in der Betreuung dieser komplexen PatientInnen hoffen.