bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pneumonectomy after chemoradiation
Authors: Allen Aaron M. , Mentzer Steven J. , Yeap Beow Y. , Soto Ricardo , Baldini Elizabeth H. , Rabin Michael S. , Sugarbaker David J. , Bueno Raphael 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.The current study was conducted to examine the outcomes of pneumonectomy after induction chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).METHODS.All patients undergoing pneumonectomy after induction therapy at the Brigham and Women's Hospital were retrospectively evaluated for 30‐day and 100‐day mortality and treatment‐related complications with Institutional Review Board approval. Multivariate and univariate analyses for clinical factors correlating with toxicity and/or survival were calculated.RESULTS.Between 1995 and 2005, 73 patients underwent pneumonectomy for NSCLC after induction therapy. All patients received radiation (median dose of 54 gray [Gy]) and 69 patients (95%) received concurrent chemotherapy. The median age was 62 years and 43 patients (59%) were male; Thirty‐seven patients (51%) had American Joint Committee on Cancer stage IIIA NSCLC, 27 (37%) had stage IIIB, 6 had stage IIB, and 4 had stage IV NSCLC because of a resected solitary brain metastasis. A majority (44; 60%) of patients received the combination of carboplatin and paclitaxel, whereas 15 (21%) received the combination of cisplatin and etoposide. Forty‐five patients (62%) underwent left pneumonectomy. With a median follow‐up of 28 months, the 1‐year and 2‐year overall survival rates were 70% and 49%, respectively. The 30‐day and 100‐day mortality rates were 6% and 10%, respectively. Only 4 of 73 patients (6%) died of acute respiratory distress syndrome. The rate of nonfatal treatment‐related morbidity was 11%. On univariate analysis, right‐sided pneumonectomy was associated with a higher risk of treatment‐related mortality (P= .099).CONCLUSIONS.With an acceptable mortality rate, a single‐institutional series demonstrated that trimodality therapy including pneumonectomy can be safely accomplished in patients with advanced NSCLC. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Safety and efficacy of arsenic trioxide for patients with advanced metastatic melanoma
Authors: Tarhini Ahmad A. , Kirkwood John M. , Tawbi Hussein , Gooding William E. , Islam Mohammed F. , Agarwala Sanjiv S. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.Arsenic trioxide (ATO) cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction has been demonstrated with numerous cancer cell lines, including human melanoma.METHODS.A second‐line, phase 2, single‐arm study of ATO was conducted in patients with inoperable American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage IV melanoma. One cycle consisted of a loading dose of 0.32 mg/kg/day for 4 days in Week 1, followed by 0.25 mg/kg/day twice per week for 6 weeks, followed by 1 week of rest, at which time response assessment was performed.RESULTS.Twenty‐one patients (median age, 63.8 years) were accrued. All had stage IV melanoma including M1a (2 patients), M1b (6 patients), and M1c (13 patients) disease. One patient had metastatic choroidal melanoma and 20 patients had cutaneous melanoma. Twenty patients had received prior therapy. Possible treatment‐related grade 3 of 4 toxicities (using the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria) included 1 case of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and 1 case of elevated lactate dehydrogenase. Four patients did not complete the first cycle of therapy and were not evaluable for response. Among 17 evaluable patients, 1 patient (6%; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0–29%) achieved a partial response lasting 7 months, and 10 patients (59%) had disease stabilization after at least 1 cycle, but all eventually developed disease progression. The median time to disease progression was 17 weeks (95% CI, 11–38 weeks) and the median survival was 13 months (95% CI, 12–26 months).CONCLUSIONS.ATO as tested in the current trial was found to be well tolerated and had limited activity in patients with metastatic melanoma. The application of this agent in combination with either chemotherapy or agents that target recognized critical signaling and antiapoptotic pathways of melanoma has not yet been performed. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Natural killer cell neoplasms
Authors: Liang Xiayuan , Graham Douglas K. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cell tumors are an uncommon and heterogeneous group of disorders. The World Health Organization (WHO) classified mature NK cell neoplasms into 2 types: 1) extranodal NK cell lymphoma, nasal type and 2) aggressive NK cell leukemia. The mature NK cell tumors are prevalent in Asia and Central and South America. These tumors show polymorphic neoplastic infiltrate with angioinvasion and/or angiodestruction, cytoplasmic azurophilic granules, CD2‐positive (CD2+)/CD3‐negative (CD3−)/cCD3ε+/CD56+ phenotype, and strong association with Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV). Loss of chromosomes 6q, 11q, 13q, and 17p are recurrent aberrations. Although blastic NK cell lymphoma, currently referred to as CD4+/CD56+ hematodermic neoplasm, also was included in the NK cell lymphoma category in the WHO classification scheme, existing evidence indicates a plasmacytoid dendritic cell derivation as opposed to an NK cell origin. Recently, rare cases of CD56+ immature lymphoid tumors have been reported in the literature. These tumors are characterized by blastic appearance, CD3−/CD4−/CD56+/CD13−/CD33− phenotype, T‐cell receptor and immunoglobulin genes in germline configuration, and no evidence of EBV, suggesting a true immature NK cell derivation. For this article, the authors reviewed the recent concepts and progress in clinicopathologic features, pathogenesis, genetic characteristics, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment approaches, and outcomes of all subtypes of NK cell neoplasms. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Outcome of patients who develop acute leukemia or myelodysplasia as a second malignancy after solid tumors treated surgically or with strategies that include chemotherapy and/or radiation
Authors: Abdelhameed Arwa , Pond Gregory R. , Mitsakakis Nicholas , Brandwein Joseph , Chun Kathy , Gupta Vikas , Kamel‐Reid Suzanne , Lipton Jeffrey H. , Minden Mark D. , Schimmer Aaron , Schuh Andre , Yee Karen , Messner Hans A. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBACKGROUNDEvaluation of therapeutic outcomes and risk factors was undertaken for patients with primary solid tumors (PST) developing acute leukemia or myelodysplasia (MDS) as a second malignancy.METHODSIn all, 131 consecutive patients presenting to a single institution with leukemia or MDS after treatment for PST with surgery or chemotherapy/radiotherapy were examined. Management of the secondary acute leukemia and MDS consisted either of intensive therapy including allogeneic blood and marrow transplants or supportive measures.RESULTSThe time from diagnosis of PST to development of acute leukemia or MDS, the cytogenetic profile of patients, and their survival were similar irrespective of PST therapy with surgery alone or strategies involving chemotherapy and/or radiation. The median survival of all 131 patients was 10.5 months with a 5‐year survival of 15.6%. Induction therapy and/or transplantation resulted in a median survival of 13.6 months and a 5‐year survival of 26.6% compared with 6.5 months and 2% with supportive measures. Subset analysis of transplant recipients revealed a median survival of 17.6 months and a 37.9% 5‐year survival. Despite a significantly lower recurrence rate the survival of transplant recipients was not improved secondary to a higher treatment‐related mortality (TRM) rate.CONCLUSIONSPatients developing acute leukemia or MDS after PST demonstrated similar cytogenetic profiles and clinical outcomes independent of the type of treatment. Survival was significantly better for patients able to undergo intensive therapy compared with supportive measures. The low recurrence rate for allograft recipients was consistent with a potent antileukemic effect that may translate into a survival benefit if TRM could be reduced. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Matched case‐control phase 2 study to evaluate the use of a frozen sock to prevent docetaxel‐induced onycholysis and cutaneous toxicity of the foot
Authors: Scotté Florian , Banu Eugeniu , Medioni Jacques , Levy Eric , Ebenezer Christelle , Marsan Sandrine , Banu Adela , Tourani Jean Marc , Andrieu Jean‐Marie , Oudard Stéphane 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBACKGROUNDOnycholysis occurs in approximately 30% of patients treated with docetaxel. The efficacy and safety of an Elasto‐Gel frozen sock (FS) was investigated for the prevention of docetaxel‐induced nail and skin toxicity of the feet.METHODSPatients receiving docetaxel at a dose of 70 to 100 mg/m2 every 3 weeks were eligible for this matched case‐control study. Each patient wore an FS for 90 minutes on the right foot. The unprotected left foot acted as control. Nail and skin toxicities were assessed using National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria (version 3) and compared using a 2‐sample Wilcoxon matched‐pairs rank test adjusted for tied values.RESULTSFifty consecutive patients were included between April 2005 and January 2007. Nail toxicity was significantly lower in the FS‐protected foot compared with the control foot (grade 0: 100% versus 79%; and grade 1 and 2: 0% versus 21%, respectively) (P = .002). Skin toxicity was grade 0: 98% versus 94%; and grade 1 and 2: 2% versus 6% in the FS‐protected and the control feet, respectively. The median times until toxicity occurrence were not found to differ significantly between the groups. One patient experienced discomfort because of cold intolerance.CONCLUSIONSCold therapy using FS significantly reduced the incidence of docetaxel‐induced foot nail toxicity, as previously demonstrated using frozen gloves for the hands. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Distinction between isolated tumor cells and micrometastases in breast cancer
Authors: de Mascarel Isabelle , MacGrogan Gaetan , Debled Marc , Brouste Veronique , Mauriac Louis 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn routine practice, the distinction between isolated tumor cells (ITC) and micrometastases (MIC) in patients with breast cancer is sometimes difficult to discern. The authors assessed differences in classifying patients according to the American Joint Commission on Cancer (AJCC) and the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) definitions and method of sizing.METHODSWe assessed the characteristics of metastatic deposits in only 1 involved lymph node in 337 patients with operable breast cancer (median follow‐up, 15.3 years). When sizing multiple clusters, either the diameter of the area with close clusters (Method 1) or the size of the largest cluster (Method 2) was taken into account. Patients were classified and their survival was assessed according to the 2 sizing methods and the criteria used for definitions (size in AJCC; size and topography in UICC).RESULTSWith the AJCC definitions, 32 patients would be differently classified according to the method of sizing. With the UICC definitions, some patients with parenchymal ITC would be classified as pN1mi, 38 by Method 1 and 53 by Method 2. Some pathologists would classify the 66 patients who had isolated capsular vascular invasion as pN0. Classification was uncertain in 136 (40%) to 151 (45 %) patients. Survival was not significantly different between pN0(i+) and pN1(mi) patients.CONCLUSIONSThe distinction between ITC and MIC was often difficult and without any prognostic significance. Precise guidelines are more useful for staging than for therapy. Thus, complete axillary dissection is usually performed in pN0(i+) and pN1(mi) patients, whereas chemotherapy is not indicated or debatable when MIC is the only 1 pejorative criterion. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Metastable Dissociation of Anions Formed by Electron Attachment
Authors: Zappa Fabio , Beikircher Manuel , Mauracher Andreas , Denifl Stephan , Probst Michael , Injan Natcha , Limtrakul Jumras , Bacher Arntraud , Echt Olof , Märk Tilmann D. , Scheier Paul , Field Thomas A. , Graupner Karola 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA comprehensive analysis of metastable dissociation of 2,4‐dinitrotoluene (DNT) parent anions formed by attachment of electrons of controlled energy is presented. We characterize the energy dependence and kinetic energy release of the reaction which competes with autodetachment. A surprising finding is a highly exothermic metastable reaction triggered by the attachment of thermal electrons which we relate to the well‐known electrostatic ignition hazards of DNT and other explosives. Quantum chemical calculations are performed for dinitrobenzene in order to elucidate the process of NO abstraction.
A computer touch screen system and training procedure for use with primate infants: Results from pigtail monkeys (Macaca nemestrina)
Authors: Mandell Dorothy J. , Sackett Gene P. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractComputerized cognitive and perceptual testing has resulted in many advances towards understanding adult brain–behavior relations across a variety of abilities and species. However, there has been little migration of this technology to the assessment of very young primate subjects. We describe a training procedure and software that was developed to teach infant monkeys to interact with a touch screen computer. Eighteen infant pigtail macaques began training at 90‐postnatal days and five began at 180‐postnatal days. All animals were trained to reliably touch a stimulus presented on a computer screen and no significant differences were found between the two age groups. The results demonstrate the feasibility of using computers to assess cognitive and perceptual abilities early in development. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 160–170, 2008.
Temporal association between food distribution and human caregiver presence and the development of affinity to humans in lambs
Authors: Tallet Céline , Veissier Isabelle , Boivin Xavier 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe presence of the caregiver around feeding favors the development of a human–animal relationship. To understand the underlying mechanism, we tested various temporal associations between food distribution and human presence: from an early age, a person was repeatedly present for 2 min just before milk distribution (“Forward”), during milk distribution (“Simultaneous”), and 20 min afterwards (“Delayed”). The “Control” group received no human contacts. During the treatments, “Forward” and “Delayed” lambs had more physical contacts with the person than “Simultaneous” lambs. When tested in unfamiliar environments, they stood longer near the person than did “Control” or “Simultaneous” lambs, which did not differ. Only “Forward” and “Delayed” lambs bleated when separated from the person. Fasting before testing had no effect. “Forward” and “Delayed” seemed to produce the same human–animal relationship, showing that this did not rely only on a conditioning process associating the caregiver with food. The caregiver may acquire properties for social support through other mechanisms (attachment and/or postingestive effects). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 147–159, 2008.
Return to school accompanied by changing associations between family ecology and cortisol
Authors: DeCaro Jason A. , Worthman Carol M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis study examines everyday family life as a social regulator of child adrenocortical activity during the normative challenge of return to school. If positive family function facilitates child adaptation, we expected that mother‐child relationships following school entry would predict individual differences in evening cortisol, a context‐sensitive marker for the response to concurrent demands. Among 28 children followed longitudinally, late in pre‐kindergarten those living with single and/or employed mothers had higher evening cortisol. Yet early during the following school year, children with poorer mother‐child relationships had higher evening cortisol. Cortisol awakening response, a comparatively stable marker of anticipated demands, was higher with maternal employment, single parents, and busier child schedules before school re‐entry, and with maternal employment afterwards. We argue for a layered ecological approach to social regulation, recognizing that family structure, family functioning, and proximal features of everyday life within the family moderate child adrenocortical activity differently across contexts. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 183–195, 2008.
Diurnal and nocturnal nursing behavior in the OLETF rat
Authors: Schroeder Mariana , Lavi‐Avnon Yael , Dagan Michal , Zagoory‐Sharon Orna , Moran Timothy H. , Weller Aron 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat model of obesity has been recently found to develop hyperphagia and obesity early in life. Our goal was to investigate the dams' nursing behavior during the day and the night in order to elucidate their contribution to the pre‐obesity of the pups. We examined nursing bout number, length, posture, initiative, nursing total time and frequency of other maternal behaviors over the three postpartum (PP) weeks. In the first week, OLETF dams nursed more during the day and presented more self‐directed activities during the night. In the third PP week, OLETF dams displayed increased nursing time, bout number, nursing frequency, and supine postures at the beginning of the nursing episodes and less active self‐directed behaviors, both day and night, while OLETF pups displayed more initiative in starting nursing bouts. The results suggest a circadian difference in nursing behavior and self‐directed activities between the strains on PP week 1 and a strong influence of the OLETF pups on the nursing behavior of the dam on PP week 3, which contributes to their obese features. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 203–203, 2008.
A role for ARF6 in dendritic cell podosome formation and migration
Authors: Svensson Henrik G. , West Michele A. , Mollahan Pamela , Prescott Alan R. , Zaru Rossana , Watts Colin 
Published: February 2008

AbstractADP‐ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) is a widely expressed GTPase that influences both membrane traffic and actin cytoskeleton function. Its role in dendritic cells (DC) has not previously been investigated. We analysed the effect of retroviral expression of ARF6 GDP/GTP binding and other functional mutants in primary murine DC. Maturation in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) proceeded normally in DC expressing ARF6 mutants and production of inflammatory cytokines was similarly unaffected. Although LPS‐stimulated macropinocytosis was suppressed by expression of the GTP‐binding Q67L ARF6 mutant we detected no overall activation of ARF6 by LPS. The ability of immature DC to migrate towards CCL3 and to a lesser extent, of mature DC to migrate towards CCL19, was compromised by expression of either the Q67L or the GDP‐binding T44N mutant. Examination of the actin cytoskeleton in these cells revealed that both mutants strongly inhibited the formation of F‐actin‐rich podosomes, providing a possible explanation for the effects of ARF6 mutants on DC migration. Thus, these studies identify responses in DC that require normal ARF6 function, though not necessarily further ARF6 activation. They reveal for the first time a role for ARF6 in podosome formation and demonstrate functional effects of the T44N ARF6 mutant.
IRAK4 in TLR/IL‐1R signaling: Possible clinical applications
Authors: Li Xiaoxia 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA member of the IL‐1 receptor (IL‐1R)‐associated kinase (IRAK) family, IRAK4, has been shown to play an essential role in Toll‐like receptor (TLR)‐mediated signaling. IRAK4 kinase‐inactive knockin mice have been shown to be completely resistant to LPS‐ and CpG‐induced shock, due to impaired TLR‐mediated induction of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. A reduction of LPS‐, R848‐ and IL‐1‐mediated mRNA stability contributes to the reduced cytokine and chemokine production in bone marrow (BM)‐derived macrophages from IRAK4 kinase‐inactive knockin mice: however, not all of the TLR/IL‐1R signaling events are ablated in IRAK4 kinase‐inactive knockin mice. A paper in this issue of the European Journal of Immunology shows that, while JNK activation is significantly impaired, NF‐κB and IRF3 activation are retained in the absence of IRAK4 kinase activity. These residual TLR/IL‐1R‐induced signaling events allow the production of some cytokines and chemokines (including TNFα and CXCL1); at early times after the stimulation and induction of a group of TLR‐mediated MyD88/IRAK4‐independent genes in IRAK4 kinase‐inactive knockin cells. Therefore, pharmacological blocking of IRAK4 kinase activity will retain some levels of host defence, while reducing the levels and duration of inflammatory responses, which should provide beneficial therapies for sepsis and chronic inflammatory diseases.See accompanying article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eji200737886
Cover Picture: Accelerating the secondary immune response by inactivating CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells prior to BCG vaccination does not enhance protection against tuberculosis – Eur. J. Immunol. 3/2008
Authors: Quinn Kylie M. , Rich Fenella J. , Goldsack Lisa M. , de Lisle Geoffrey W. , Buddle Bryce M. , Delahunt Brett , Kirman Joanna R. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe cover shows a lung section taken from mice treated i.p. with PC61 (a mAb to CD25), vaccinated with bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) 3 days later and then challenged with Mycobacterium bovis via aerosol a further 42 days later. The section is stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and shows that pulmonary inflammation, although present, is limited. The image is taken from Quinn et al. (pp. 695–705) in which the authors demonstrate that inactivation of CD4+CD25+ natural Treg does not influence the development of protective immunity following BCG vaccination, even though the immune response to mycobacterial antigens early after vaccination is increased.
Dimeric Complexes of a Tridentate Schiff Base Ligand – Crystal Structure of a CuII Complex with Uncommon μ2‐Nsulfonamido Bridges and Ferromagnetic Behaviour
Authors: Sanmartín Jesús , Novio Fernando , García‐Deibe Ana M. , Fondo Matilde , Ocampo Noelia , Bermejo Manuel R. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractN‐[2‐(Tosylamino)benzylidene]‐2‐[(tosylamino)methyl]aniline(H2L) has afforded MII2(L)2·xMeCN·yH2O complexes (M = Ni, Pd, Cu, Zn and Cd; x = 0 or 2; y = 0, 4, 6 or 8). Physicochemical characterisation data are indicative of the dinuclear nature of the complexes obtained, where the potential N,N,N‐donor L behaves as a dianionic and tridentate ligand. The crystal structure of Cu2(L)2·2MeCN was solved, and it demonstrates that a double μ2‐Nsulfonamido bridge assembles the neutral Cu2(L)2 dimers. This uncommon connection gives rise to a totally planar and nearly square‐shaped Cu2N2 metallacycle. The planar geometries around the copper ions undergo a seesaw‐shaped distortion, which is probably related to secondary Cu···O interactions with neighbouring tosyl groups. This spatial arrangement seems related to the ferromagnetic behaviour shown by the complex.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Reactions of Thorium Atoms with Polyhalomethanes: Infrared Spectra of the CH2=ThX2, HC÷ThX3, and XC÷ThX3 Molecules (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 7/2008)
Authors: Lyon Jonathan T. , Andrews Lester 
Published: February 2008

Abstractthe cover picture shows the HC÷ThF3 complex product of the Th and CHF3 reaction. The two singly occupied SOMO orbitals on the right reveal a strong overlap with the thorium center. A portion of the DFT‐predicted infrared spectrum for this complex is illustrated over the background image of a typical laser‐ablation experiment in progress in our vacuum chamber. Details are discussed in the article by J. T. Lyon and L. Andrews on p. 1047 ff.