bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced recovery protocols after surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized trials in cardiac surgery
Authors: Spadaccio Cristiano , Salsano Antonio , Pisani Angelo , Nenna Antonio , Nappi Francesco , Osho Asishana , D’Alessandro David , Sundt Thoralf M. , Crestanello Juan , Engelman Daniel , Rose David 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrevious meta‐analyses combining randomized and observational evidence in cardiac surgery have shown positive impact of enhanced recovery protocols after surgery (ERAS) on postoperative outcomes. However, definitive data based on randomized studies are missing, and the entirety of the ERAS measures and pathway, as recently systematized in guidelines and consensus statements, have not been captured in the published studies. The available literature actually focuses on “ERAS‐like” protocols or only limited number of ERAS measures. This study aims at analyzing all randomized studies applying ERAS‐like protocols in cardiac surgery for perioperative outcomes.MethodsA meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing ERAS‐like with standard protocols of perioperative care was performed (PROSPERO registration CRD42021283765). PRISMA guidelines were used for abstracting and assessing data.ResultsThirteen single center RCTs (N = 1704, 850 in ERAS‐like protocol and 854 in the standard care group) were selected. The most common procedures were surgical revascularization (66.3%) and valvular surgery (24.9%). No difference was found in the incidence of inhospital mortality between the ERAS and standard treatment group (risk ratio [RR] 0.61 [0.31; 1.20], p = 0.15). ERAS was associated with reduced intensive care unit (standardized mean difference [SMD] −0.57, p < 0.01) and hospital stay (SMD −0.23, p < 0.01) and reduced rates of overall complications when compared to the standard protocol (RR 0.60, p < 0.01) driven by the reduction in stroke (RR 0.29 [0.13; 0.62], p < 0.01). A significant heterogeneity in terms of the elements of the ERAS protocol included in the studies was observed.ConclusionsERAS‐like protocols have no impact on short‐term survival after cardiac surgery but allows for a faster hospital discharge while potentially reducing surgical complications. However, this study highlights a significant nonadherence and heterogeneity to the entirety of ERAS protocols warranting further RCTs in this field including a greater number of elements of the framework.
Land-Use Implications of Carbon Dioxide Removal: An Emerging Legal Issue?
Authors: Markus Till , Schaller Romina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractScience has expressed concerns that carbon dioxide removal (CDR) as a means to fight climate change could potentially increase competition for land and contribute to soil degradation. This paper aims to map out the potential land-use and soil implications of CDR to identify possible lines of political and legal conflicts. To this end, we will briefly introduce the most promising removal approaches, highlight existing preliminary estimates about their removal potential, give some basic assumptions about their effects on competition over land and the environment, and discuss the demand for political and legal action (Sect. 5).
“Unnecessary Conversations”: Talking Sex in the Early Modern Polish Village
Authors: Wiślicz Tomasz 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis chapter shows us how early modern Polish peasants used to discuss sex. Despite the rules of decorum, conversations about sex were still conducted in private, intimate settings. However, because sexual life was strictly regulated by law and some forms of intimate behaviour were prosecuted by the local judiciary, it was not uncommon for these private conversations to find their way into the interrogation protocols of people accused of transgressing moral norms. Those records are compared and contrasted with folk ditties on sexual themes, which were recorded contemporaneously by proto-folklorists. The chapter shows the potential of cross-referencing different sources to gain access to early modern peasant conversations, especially when it comes to themes deemed to be intimate or taboo.
“Alone Amongst Ourselves”: How to Talk in Private According to the Cologne Diarist, Hermann von Weinsberg (1518–1597)
Authors: Péter Krisztina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines the diarist Hermann von Weinsberg’s descriptions of everyday conversations, which are incredibly revealing of the notions of privacy within his social circles. Weinsberg recorded these conversations in his diary, a record meant to be kept secret from his contemporaries but at the same time intended to be read by his future family members. The chapter explores the creative textual approaches (writing about some conversations at a later time, trying to hide them entirely, subtle hints, referring to other texts, switching to Latin, etc.) that the diarist used while trying to balance between these two aims in his records. Péter’s contribution highlights different spaces in which private conversations could take place, and how people could negotiate what they understood to be the boundaries of privacy while communicating with people.
“We Take Care of Our Own”: Talking about ‘Disability’ in Early Modern Netherlandish Households
Authors: Kaminska Barbara A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis chapter investigates how people in the Netherlands talked about disability, poverty, and charity in the privacy of their homes in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Around the middle of the sixteenth century, we observe a growth in the ownership of works of art depicting disability that were displayed in dining and reception rooms meant to stimulate conversations among family members and guests. The chapter argues that the more positive iconography of disability that we begin to see at the time was influenced by a direct, lived experience of disability. Kaminska’s contribution offers new insight into how art was able to bring the disability witnessed in the streets into one’s home, sparking private conversations about disabled people, bodies, accessibility, and responsibility within the confines of the domestic realm.
Liquid Biopsy bei hereditärer Tumorprädisposition
Authors: Hallermayr Ariane , Keßler Thomas , König Courtney , Steinke-Lange Verena , Holinski-Feder Elke 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungPatienten mit einem hereditären Tumorprädispositionssyndrom haben ein deutlich erhöhtes Tumorrisiko und erkranken oft schon im jungen Erwachsenenalter. Sie benötigen daher eine intensivierte Überwachung, um Tumoren bereits in einem frühen Stadium detektieren und behandeln zu können. Entsprechend werden bei Patienten mit einem Lynch-Syndrom, der häufigsten erblichen Darmkrebsprädisposition, regelmäßige Koloskopien zur Vorsorge empfohlen. Eine Liquid Biopsy ermöglicht die nicht- bzw. minimal-invasive Untersuchung von zirkulierenden Tumormarkern. Insbesondere die Analyse von zirkulierender Tumor-DNA (ctDNA) wird schon jetzt zur Therapiesteuerung von Tumorpatienten eingesetzt und ermöglicht darüber hinaus den Nachweis einer minimale Resterkrankung oder eines Rezidivs. Fortschritte im Bereich des hochsensitiven, nicht zielgerichteten Nachweises von ctDNA sind vielversprechend für die Früherkennung bei Patienten mit einer hereditären Tumorprädisposition. Hinsichtlich des Nachweises von Tumorerkrankungen im Frühstadium müssen diese Analyseverfahren jedoch noch verbessert und ihre Spezifität und Sensitivität in klinischen Studien bewertet werden. Die Herausforderung ist die sensitive Erkennung von Vorstufen, wie z. B. fortgeschrittenen Adenomen, um maligne Tumorerkrankungen vorzubeugen oder diese möglichst frühzeitig behandeln zu können.
Metabolic effect of adrenaline infusion in people with type 1 diabetes and healthy individuals
Authors: She Rui , Suvitaival Tommi , Andersen Henrik U. , Hommel Eva , Nørgaard Kirsten , Wojtaszewski Jørgen F. P. , Legido-Quigley Cristina , Pedersen-Bjergaard Ulrik 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
As a result of early loss of the glucagon response, adrenaline is the primary counter-regulatory hormone in type 1 diabetes. Diminished adrenaline responses to hypoglycaemia due to counter-regulatory failure are common in type 1 diabetes, and are probably induced by exposure to recurrent hypoglycaemia, however, the metabolic effects of adrenaline have received less research attention, and also there is conflicting evidence regarding adrenaline sensitivity in type 1 diabetes. Thus, we aimed to investigate the metabolic response to adrenaline and explore whether it is modified by prior exposure to hypoglycaemia.

Methods
Eighteen participants with type 1 diabetes and nine healthy participants underwent a three-step ascending adrenaline infusion during a hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic clamp. Continuous glucose monitoring data obtained during the week before the study day were used to assess the extent of hypoglycaemia exposure.

Results
While glucose responses during the clamp were similar between people with type 1 diabetes and healthy participants, plasma concentrations of NEFAs and glycerol only increased in the group with type 1 diabetes (p<0.001). Metabolomics revealed an increase in the most common NEFAs (p<0.01). Other metabolic responses were generally similar between participants with type 1 diabetes and healthy participants. Exposure to hypoglycaemia was negatively associated with the NEFA response; however, this was not statistically significant.

Conclusions/interpretation
In conclusion, individuals with type 1 diabetes respond with increased lipolysis to adrenaline compared with healthy participants by mobilising the abundant NEFAs in plasma, whereas other metabolic responses were similar. This may suggest that the metabolic sensitivity to adrenaline is altered in a pathway-specific manner in type 1 diabetes.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05095259

Graphical Abstract
“Fontan Conduit Stent-Angioplasty and Progression of Fontan-Associated Liver Disease”
Authors: Kavin Umakanthan , Shahrier Aniqa , Bandisode Varsha M. , Chowdhury Shahryar M. , Rhodes John F. , Gaydos Stephanie S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Patients with Fontan circulation insidiously develop congestive hepatopathy related to chronically reduced cardiac output and central venous hypertension, also known as Fontan-associated liver disease (FALD). Fontan pathway obstruction is increasingly detected and may accelerate FALD. The impact of conduit stent angioplasty on FALD is unknown. Retrospective, single-center review of patients with Fontan circulation who underwent conduit stent angioplasty at cardiac catheterization over 5-year period. Demographics and cardiac histories were reviewed. Labs, liver ultrasound elastography, echocardiogram, hemodynamic and angiographic data at catheterization were recorded pre- and post-stent angioplasty. Primary outcome was change in hepatic function via MELD-XI scores and liver stiffness (kPa), with secondary outcomes of ventricular function, BNP, and repeat catheterization hemodynamics. 33 patients underwent Fontan conduit stent angioplasty, 19.3 ± 7.0 years from Fontan operation. Original conduit diameter was 19.1 ± 1.9 mm. Prior to angioplasty, conduit size was reduced to a cross-sectional area 132 (91, 173) mm2 and increased to 314 (255, 363) mm2 post-stent. Subjects’ baseline median MELD-XI of 11 (9, 12) increased to 12 (9, 13) at 19 ± 15.5 months post-angioplasty (n = 22, p = 0.053). There was no significant change in liver stiffness at 12.1 ± 8.9 months post-angioplasty (n = 15, p = 0.13). Median total bilirubin significantly increased (1.4 [0.9, 1.8]), from baseline 1.1 [0.7, 1.5], p = 0.04), as did median BNP (41 [0, 148] from baseline 34 [15, 79]; p = 0.02). There were no significant changes in ventricular function or repeat invasive hemodynamics (n = 8 subjects). Mid-term follow-up of Fontan subjects post-conduit stent angioplasty did not show improvements in non-invasive markers of FALD.
Unraveling endophytic diversity in dioecious Siraitia grosvenorii: implications for mogroside production
Authors: Tamang Anish , Kaur Amanpreet , Thakur Deepali , Thakur Ankita , Thakur Babit Kumar , Shivani  , Swarnkar Mohit , Pal Probir K. , Hallan Vipin , Pandey Shiv Shanker 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Host and tissue-specificity of endophytes are important attributes that limit the endophyte application on multiple crops. Therefore, understanding the endophytic composition of the targeted crop is essential, especially for the dioecious plants where the male and female plants are different. Here, efforts were made to understand the endophytic bacterial composition of the dioecious Siraitia grosvenorii plant using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The present study revealed the association of distinct endophytic bacterial communities with different parts of male and female plants. Roots of male and female plants had a higher bacterial diversity than other parts of plants, and the roots of male plants had more bacterial diversity than the roots of female plants. Endophytes belonging to the phylum Proteobacteria were abundant in all parts of male and female plants except male stems and fruit pulp, where the Firmicutes were most abundant. Class Gammaproteobacteria predominated in both male and female plants, with the genus Acinetobacter as the most dominant and part of the core microbiome of the plant (present in all parts of both, male and female plants). The presence of distinct taxa specific to male and female plants was also identified. Macrococcus, Facklamia, and Propionibacterium were the distinct genera found only in fruit pulp, the edible part of S. grosvenorii. Predictive functional analysis revealed the abundance of enzymes of secondary metabolite (especially mogroside) biosynthesis in the associated endophytic community with predominance in roots. The present study revealed bacterial endophytic communities of male and female S. grosvenorii plants that can be further explored for monk fruit cultivation, mogroside production, and early-stage identification of male and female plants.

Key points
• Male and female Siraitia grosvenorii plants had distinct endophytic communities
• The diversity of endophytic communities was specific to different parts of plants
• S. grosvenorii-associated endophytes may be valuable for mogroside biosynthesis and monk fruit cultivation
Head and neck cancer patients with geriatric deficits are more often non-responders and lost from follow-up in quality of life studies
Authors: de Vries Julius , Vermue Dannie J. , Sidorenkov Grigory , Festen Suzanne , Langendijk Johannes A. , de Bock Geertruida H. , Halmos Gyorgy B. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To identify associations between frailty and non-response to follow-up questionnaires, in a longitudinal head and neck cancer (HNC) study with patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Materials and methods
Patients referred with HNC were included in OncoLifeS, a prospective data-biobank, underwent Geriatric Assessment (GA) and frailty screening ahead of treatment, and were followed up at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after treatment using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 and Head and Neck 35. Statistical analysis for factors associated with non-response was done using Generalized Linear Mixed Models.

Results
289 patients were eligible for analysis. Mean age was 68.4 years and 68.5% were male. Restrictions in Activities of Daily Living [OR 4.46 (2.04–9.78)] and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living [OR 4.33 (2.27–8.24)], impaired mobility on Timed Up and Go test [OR 3.95 (1.85–8.45)], cognitive decline [OR 4.85 (2.28–10.35)] and assisted living (OR 5.54 (2.63–11.67)] were significantly associated with non-response. Frailty screening, with Geriatric 8 and Groningen Frailty Indicator, was also associated with non-response [OR, respectively, 2.64 (1.51–4.59) and 2.52 (1.44–4.44)]. All findings remained significant when adjusted for other factors that were significantly associated with non-response, such as higher age, longer study duration and subsequent death.

Conclusion
Frail HNC patients respond significantly worse to follow-up PROMs. The drop-out and underrepresentation of frail patients in studies may lead to attrition bias, and as a result underestimating the effect sizes of associations. This is of importance when handling and interpreting such data.
Pathways to professional mental care in the Swiss young adult community: a case–control study
Authors: Osman N. , Michel C. , Schimmelmann B. G. , Schilbach L. , Meisenzahl E. , Schultze-Lutter F. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTreatment success for mental health (MH) problems depends, among others, on the timeliness of help-seeking. Therefore, we studied the effect of symptoms and reasons for help-seeking on the point-of-contact and the most intensive professional treatment in a community sample. Participants were recruited as part of the ‘Bern Epidemiological At-Risk’ (BEAR) study on 16–40-year-old community persons of the Swiss canton Bern. Of the 2,683 participants, 615 (22.9%) reported at least one instance of help-seeking for MH problems and were selected for the presented analyses. Help-seeking behavior was assessed by a modified version of the ‘WHO pathway-to-care questionnaire’, from which the outcome ‘most intensive MH professional contact’ was generated. The effect of symptoms and reasons for help-seeking were analyzed in separate models using path analyses. Most help-seeking persons sought MH professional help (n = 405; 65.9%) with a high number of medical pre-contacts (n = 233; 37.9%). The ‘most intensive MH professional contact’ was provided after an average of 1.47 contacts. Both models showed negative associations between non-MH professional pre-contacts and the most intensive, likely most adequate MH treatment. In the symptom model, ‘substance misuse’ and ‘central-vegetative problems’ increased the general likelihood of MH professional contact. Our findings highlight the importance of the first point-of-contact in pathways to adequate MH care and, when seeking help from non-MH professional, of quick referrals to MH professionals. Awareness campaigns or training of health professionals, such as general practitioners, may support timely contact with MH professionals to improve diagnosis, prognosis, and outcome.
Discrete Helmholtz Decompositions of Piecewise Constant and Piecewise Affine Vector and Tensor Fields
Authors: Bringmann Philipp , Ketteler Jonas W. , Schedensack Mira 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDiscrete Helmholtz decompositions dissect piecewise polynomial vector fields on simplicial meshes into piecewise gradients and rotations of finite element functions. This paper concisely reviews established results from the literature which all restrict to the lowest-order case of piecewise constants. Its main contribution consists of the generalization of these decompositions to 3D and of novel decompositions for piecewise affine vector fields in terms of Fortin–Soulie functions. While the classical lowest-order decompositions include one conforming and one nonconforming part, the decompositions of piecewise affine vector fields require a nonconforming enrichment in both parts. The presentation covers two and three spatial dimensions as well as generalizations to deviatoric tensor fields in the context of the Stokes equations and symmetric tensor fields for the linear elasticity and fourth-order problems. While the proofs focus on contractible domains, generalizations to multiply connected domains and domains with non-connected boundary are discussed as well.
The novel cytotoxic polybisphosphonate osteodex decreases bone resorption by enhancing cell death of mature osteoclasts without affecting osteoclastogenesis of RANKL-stimulated mouse bone marrow macrophages
Authors: Henning Petra , Westerlund Anna , Movérare-Skrtic Sofia , Lindholm Catharina , Márquez-Méndez Marcela , Nilsson Sten , Holmberg Anders R. , Lerner Ulf H. 
Published: March 2024

SummaryIt has previously been demonstrated that the polybisphosphonate osteodex (ODX) inhibits bone resorption in organ-cultured mouse calvarial bone. In this study, we further investigate the effects by ODX on osteoclast differentiation, formation, and function in several different bone organ and cell cultures. Zoledronic acid (ZOL) was used for comparison. In retinoid-stimulated mouse calvarial organ cultures, ODX and ZOL significantly reduced the numbers of periosteal osteoclasts without affecting Tnfsf11 or Tnfrsf11b mRNA expression. ODX and ZOL also drastically reduced the numbers of osteoclasts in cell cultures isolated from the calvarial bone and in vitamin D3–stimulated mouse crude bone marrow cell cultures. These data suggest that ODX can inhibit osteoclast formation by inhibiting the differentiation of osteoclast progenitor cells or by directly targeting mature osteoclasts. We therefore assessed if osteoclast formation in purified bone marrow macrophage cultures stimulated by RANKL was inhibited by ODX and ZOL and found that the initial formation of mature osteoclasts was not affected, but that the bisphosphonates enhanced cell death of mature osteoclasts. In agreement with these findings, ODX and ZOL did not affect the mRNA expression of the osteoclastic genes Acp5 and Ctsk and the osteoclastogenic transcription factor Nfatc1. When bone marrow macrophages were incubated on bone slices, ODX and ZOL inhibited RANKL-stimulated bone resorption. In conclusion, ODX does not inhibit osteoclast formation but inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption by decreasing osteoclast numbers through enhanced cell death of mature osteoclasts.
Egalitarian governance and the green energy transition: an empirical test of 46 industrial economies, 1990–2020
Authors: de Soysa Indra , Moe Espen , Saether Simen Rostad 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHow well are the world´s major economies responding to the challenge of climate change? We address this question by assessing democratic governance styles, contrasted as more egalitarian from ones that are more liberal, on the green energy transition. We propose that egalitarian societies have a greater demand for balancing production, consumption, and rent-seeking demands with environmental ones, leading to more compromised solutions. We assess the effects of democratic style and measures of societal inequity on renewable energy production share, public environmentally related R&D expenditures, and CO2 emission intensity in 46 major industrialized economies in the period 1990 to 2020. Random and fixed effects regressions consistently show that while egalitarian and liberal democracies associate with greener policy measures, such as higher spending on environmental R&D budgets, egalitarian governance consistently associates with higher CO2 emissions. Contrary to the expectations of broad arguments highlighting the virtues of egalitarianism for mitigating climate change, the actual effects of greater egalitarian governance undermine the cause of climate gains. These results do not support the view that high consensus societies due to greater equity are transitioning to a greener economy faster than others even if they placate climate interests with higher investment in renewable energy. Future analyses need to focus more keenly on what measures enter green policies as mere “window dressing” while others make the hard choices for reducing overall emissions, which is ultimately how environmental gains should be measured.