bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Who lives there now? Residualisation of social housing in Austria
Authors: Angel Stefan , Mundt Alexis 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAcross Europe, there is a trend to re-focus social housing on the most economically vulnerable groups (“residualisation”). We investigate whether this trend is also observed in Austria, a conservative welfare state with a social housing system open to a broad range of households and a long tradition of municipal housing. Using data from 1995 to 2018, we estimate residualisation indicators that compare the income of social housing tenants with other housing sectors. Based on tenants’ income, we find that municipal housing has become more residualised. This contrasts with Austria’s social housing allocation policy, where generous income limits remain important cornerstones. For limited-profit housing associations (LPHAs), we observe a smaller residualisation trend (mainly outside the capital Vienna), which has gained momentum since the early 2010s. This remedies the Austrian peculiarity that the LPHA sector was a middle-income tenure rather than a safety net for the poor. For both types of social housing, a growing income gap with owners is noticeable.
Family Functioning, Identity Commitments, and School Value among Ethnic Minority and Ethnic Majority Adolescents
Authors: Mastrotheodoros Stefanos , Hillekens Jessie , Miklikowska Marta , Palladino Benedetta Emanuela , Lionetti Francesca 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEthnic minority youth show worse school adjustment than their ethnic majority peers. Yet, it remains unclear whether this gap can be explained by differences in family functioning and consequent identity commitments. This study examined (1) whether family functioning relates to identity commitments over time and (2) whether identity commitments impact later school value (3) among minority and majority adolescents. Minority (N = 205, Mage = 16.25 years, 31.1% girls) and majority adolescents (N = 480, Mage = 15.73 years, 47.9% girls) participated in this preregistered three-wave longitudinal study (T1: March-April 2012; T2: October 2012; T3: March-April 2013). Dynamic Panel Models revealed that most within-person cross-lagged associations were not significant in the total sample. Yet, multigroup analyses revealed differences between groups: Stronger identity commitments related to lower school value among minority adolescents, but were unrelated to school value among majority adolescents over time. Additionally, higher school value increased identity commitments among minority youth, yet it decreased identity commitments among majority youth over time. The findings highlight the differential interplay between identity commitments and school adjustment for minority and majority adolescents, with important implications for their future life chances.
Protopanaxadiols Eliminate Behavioral Impairments and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease Mice Model
Authors: Zhao Jindong , Wang Ji , Zhao Kunying , Zhang Yuxiao , Hu Weiyan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCurrently, there are no effective therapies to cure Parkinson’s disease (PD), which is the second most common neurodegenerative disease primarily characterized by motor dysfunction and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Protopanaxadiols (PPDs), including 20 (R)- protopanaxadiol (R-PPD) and 20 (S)- protopanaxadiol (S-PPD), are main metabolites of ginsenosides. The role of ginsenosides in neurodegenerative diseases has been thoroughly studied, however, it is unknown whether PPDs can attenuate behavioral deficits and dopaminergic neuron injury in PD model mice to date. Here, we administered PPDs to MPTP-induced PD model mice and monitored the effects on behavior and dopaminergic neurons to investigate the effects of R-PPD and S-PPD against PD. Our results showed that R-PPD and S-PPD (at a dose of 20 mg/kg, i.g.) treatment alleviated MPTP (30 mg/kg, i.p.) induced behavioral deficits. Besides, R-PPD and S-PPD protected MPP+-induced neuron injury and mitochondrial dysfunction, and reduced the abnormal expression of Cyt C, Bax, caspase-3 and Bcl-2. These findings demonstrate that R-PPD and S-PPD were potentially useful to ameliorate PD.
Conformable modeling of normalization and recursional electromagnetic fields of spacelike magnetic curves
Authors: Körpinar Talat , Körpinar Zeliha , Özdemir Hatice 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate spacelike magnetic curves according to Bishop frame. Firstly, we present conformable derivatives of Lorentz magnetic fields of these magnetic curves. Moreover, we calculate the conformable derivatives of the normalization and recursional electromagnetic vector fields. Finally, we give conformable energies of normalization and recursional electromagnetic fields related to spacelike magnetic curves.
Investigating the new perspectives of Caudrey–Dodd–Gibbon equation arising in quantum field theory
Authors: Şahinkaya Abdullah Furkan , Kurt Ali , Yalçınkaya İbrahim 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe main purpose of the paper is obtaining the analytical results for beta fractional Caudrey–Dodd–Gibbon equation which is used to resolve complex problems in fluid dynamics, chemical kinetics, plasma physics, quantum field theory, crystal dislocations, and nonlinear optics by using auxiliary method. Beta derivative is a useful fractional operator due to satisfying basic properties of integer order derivative and also, allows us using chain rule and wave transform to turn nonlinear fractional partial differential equations into integer order ordinary differential equations. By the way many analytical methods can be applied to these equations. In order to understand the physical features of the solutions, 3D and 2D graphical illustrations are given. Finally, authors expect that the obtained solutions may give a deep insight for the explanation of physical phenomena in the fluid dynamics, chemical kinetics, plasma physics, quantum field theory, crystal dislocations, and nonlinear optics.
Les passages juridiques des faits aux normes
Authors: Moor Pierre 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Tout ce qui n’est pas reconnu par le droit comme norme juridique est traité par lui comme un fait—normes sociales, connaissances scientifiques, mœurs, événements, etc. Le droit, système autoréférentiel, institue les compétences et les procédures par lesquelles une assertion quelconque, portant sur des faits, devient une norme juridique. Le présent texte analyse les différents lieux de passage par lesquels des faits peuvent ainsi être reconnus par le droit comme normes juridiques. Il analyse d’abord la réception et la construction des faits à considérer comme pertinents au regard de la norme applicable. Il introduit ensuite le concept de notions juridiques indéterminées, dont le sens ne peut être concrétisé que par référence à des faits de toute nature, ce qui requiert une argumentation propre à justifier cette référence. Les faits sont donc construits avant qu’une autorité instituée par le droit décide de leur donner la forme abstraite d’une norme juridique. Cette construction va être structurée comme un récit, dont la cohérence doit être assurée par référence à des schémas tirés de l’expérience sociale, de telle manière qu’elle puisse être acceptée comme raisonnable par la collectivité. Le juge comme le législateur apparaissent alors sous la double face d’une fonction juridique et d’un individu plongé dans la société, ce qui les met en mesure faire du droit avec des faits en les comprenant l’un et les autres.
How the Doctrine of Double Effect Rhetoric Harms Patients Seeking Voluntary Assisted Dying
Authors: Kendal E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractVictoria’s Voluntary Assisted Dying Act 2017 (Vic) became the first state law to permit VAD in Australia under limited circumstances from June 2019. Before this, many palliative care physicians relied on the doctrine of double effect (DDE) to justify the use of pain relievers for terminally ill patients that were known to hasten death. The DDE claims that there is a morally significant difference between intending evil and merely foreseeing some bad side-effect will occur as a result of one’s actions. This article argues that the legacy of the DDE is promoting inequitable access to VAD in Victoria due to the assumption that death represents an “evil” for the patient and that the intentions of physicians providing VAD cannot be trusted. The latter claim relies on two common objections to the DDE: the risk of “purifying the intentions” and the issue of “closeness” when evaluating moral acts under this theory.
Analyzing user activity on Twitter during long-lasting crisis events: a case study of the Covid-19 crisis in Spain
Authors: Esquirol Bernat , Prignano Luce , Díaz-Guilera Albert , Cozzo Emanuele 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A pandemic crisis like the Covid-19 outbreak is a complex event, involving numerous aspects of the social life on multiple temporal scales. Focusing on the Spanish Twittersphere, we characterized users' activity behavior across the different phases of the Covid-19 first wave. Firstly, we analyzed a sample of timelines of different classes of users from the Spanish Twittersphere in terms of their propensity to produce new information or to amplify information produced by others. Secondly, by performing stepwise segmented regression analysis and Bayesian switchpoint analysis, we looked for a possible behavioral footprint of the crisis in the statistics of users’ activity. We observed that generic Spanish Twitter users and journalists experienced an abrupt increment of their tweeting activity between March 9 and 14, in coincidence with control measures being announced by regional and state-level authorities. However, they displayed a stable proportion of retweets before and after the switching point. On the contrary, politicians represented an exception, being the only class of users not experimenting this abrupt change and following a completely endogenous dynamics determined by institutional agenda. On the one hand, they did not increment their overall activity, displaying instead a slight decrease. On the other hand, in times of crisis, politicians tended to strengthen their propensity to amplify information rather than produce it.
Exploring vocational outcomes, quality of life, and social inclusion in patients with spinal cord injuries following vocational rehabilitation in India
Authors: Li Alan , Wang Ziru , Khan Raabia , Ponnusamy Ramasubramanian , Krishna Dinesh , Nowrouzi-Kia Behdin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Study design
We conducted a mixed-methods sequential explanatory study. In India, most spinal cord injuries (SCI) occur within low socioeconomic status populations, typically resulting in poor vocational outcomes post-injury and difficulty reintegrating into the community. This study will increase our understanding of how vocational rehabilitation affects patients with SCI.

Objectives
This study aims to understand the factors affecting vocational outcomes, quality of life and social inclusion for patients who have completed the Amar Seva Sangam (ASSA’s) rehabilitation program, by examining both quantitative and qualitative measures.

Methods
Conducted at the University of Toronto, we used self-administered questionnaires via REDCap for quantitative data collection and semi-structured interviews for qualitative data collection to capture aspects of lived SCI experience for five participants.

Results
Thirty-two participants completed the quantitative phone questionnaire of which 17 were paraplegic and 15 were quadriplegic. Four themes emerged including physical barriers to employment, social inclusion of SCI patients, low income, and state of mental health.

Conclusion
This study provided a detailed examination of demographic information and lived experiences of ASSA participants. The findings will be relevant and applicable to both clinical and public health sectors in SCI rehabilitation in India and other low- and middle-income countries by directing rehabilitation programs to better address areas of function that allow patients to find success following rehabilitation.
Emulation of Cloud Microphysics in a Climate Model
Authors: Perkins W. Andre , Brenowitz Noah D. , Bretherton Christopher S. , Nugent Jacqueline M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe present a machine learning based emulator of a microphysics scheme for condensation and precipitation processes (Zhao‐Carr) used operationally in a global atmospheric forecast model (FV3GFS). Our tailored emulator architecture achieves high skill (≥94%) in predicting condensate and precipitation amounts and maintains low global‐average bias (≤4%) for 1 year of continuous simulation when replacing the Fortran scheme. The stability and success of this emulator stems from key design decisions. By separating the emulation of condensation and precipitation processes, we can better enforce physical priors such as mass conservation and locality of condensation, and the vertical dependence of precipitation falling downward, using specific network architectures. An activity classifier for condensation imitates the discrete‐continuous nature of the Fortran microphysics outputs (i.e., tendencies are identically zero where the scheme is inactive, and condensate is zero where clouds are fully evaporated). A temperature‐scaled conditional loss function ensures accurate condensate adjustments for a high dynamic range of cloud types (e.g., cold, low‐condensate cirrus clouds or warm, condensate‐rich clouds). Despite excellent overall performance, the emulator exhibits some deficiencies in the uppermost model levels, leading to biases in the stratosphere. The emulator also has short episodic skill dropouts in isolated grid columns and is computationally slower than the original Fortran scheme. Nonetheless, our challenges and strategies should be applicable to the emulation of other microphysical schemes. More broadly, our work demonstrates that with suitable physically motivated architectural choices, ML techniques can accurately emulate complex human‐designed parameterizations of fast physical processes central to weather and climate models.
Neural foundation of the diathesis-stress model: longitudinal gray matter volume changes in response to stressful life events in major depressive disorder and healthy controls
Authors: Thomas-Odenthal Florian , Ringwald Kai , Teutenberg Lea , Stein Frederike , Alexander Nina , Bonnekoh Linda M. , Brosch Katharina , Dohm Katharina , Flinkenflügel Kira , Grotegerd Dominik , Hahn Tim , Jansen Andreas , Leehr Elisabeth J. , Meinert Susanne , Pfarr Julia-Katharina , Renz Harald , Schürmeyer Navid , Stief Thomas , Straube Benjamin , Thiel Katharina , Usemann Paula , Winter Alexandra , Krug Axel , Nenadić Igor , Dannlowski Udo , Kircher Tilo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecurrences of depressive episodes in major depressive disorder (MDD) can be explained by the diathesis-stress model, suggesting that stressful life events (SLEs) can trigger MDD episodes in individuals with pre-existing vulnerabilities. However, the longitudinal neurobiological impact of SLEs on gray matter volume (GMV) in MDD and its interaction with early-life adversity remains unresolved. In 754 participants aged 18–65 years (362 MDD patients; 392 healthy controls; HCs), we assessed longitudinal associations between SLEs (Life Events Questionnaire) and whole-brain GMV changes (3 Tesla MRI) during a 2-year interval, using voxel-based morphometry in SPM12/CAT12. We also explored the potential moderating role of childhood maltreatment (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire) on these associations. Over the 2-year interval, HCs demonstrated significant GMV reductions in the middle frontal, precentral, and postcentral gyri in response to higher levels of SLEs, while MDD patients showed no such GMV changes. Childhood maltreatment did not moderate these associations in either group. However, MDD patients who had at least one depressive episode during the 2-year interval, compared to those who did not, or HCs, showed GMV increases in the middle frontal, precentral, and postcentral gyri associated with an increase in SLEs and childhood maltreatment. Our findings indicate distinct GMV changes in response to SLEs between MDD patients and HCs. GMV decreases in HCs may represent adaptive responses to stress, whereas GMV increases in MDD patients with both childhood maltreatment and a depressive episode during the 2-year interval may indicate maladaptive changes, suggesting a neural foundation for the diathesis-stress model in MDD recurrences.
Cryo-EM structures of amyloid-β and tau filaments in Down syndrome
Authors: Fernandez Anllely , Hoq Md Rejaul , Hallinan Grace I. , Li Daoyi , Bharath Sakshibeedu R. , Vago Frank S. , Zhang Xiaoqi , Ozcan Kadir A. , Newell Kathy L. , Garringer Holly J. , Jiang Wen , Ghetti Bernardino , Vidal Ruben 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdult individuals with Down syndrome (DS) develop Alzheimer disease (AD). Whether there is a difference between AD in DS and AD regarding the structure of amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau filaments is unknown. Here we report the structure of Aβ and tau filaments from two DS brains. We found two Aβ40 filaments (types IIIa and IIIb) that differ from those previously reported in sporadic AD and two types of Aβ42 filaments (I and II) identical to those found in sporadic and familial AD. Tau filaments (paired helical filaments and straight filaments) were identical to those in AD, supporting the notion of a common mechanism through which amyloids trigger aggregation of tau. This knowledge is important for understanding AD in DS and assessing whether adults with DS could be included in AD clinical trials.
Faster detection of asymptomatic COVID-19 cases among care home staff in England through the combination of SARS-CoV-2 testing technologies
Authors: Ryan Finola , Cole-Hamilton Joanna , Dandamudi Niharika , Futschik Matthias E. , Needham Alexander , Saquib Rida , Kulasegaran-Shylini Raghavendran , Blandford Edward , Kidd Michael , O’Moore Éamonn , Hall Ian , Sudhanva Malur , Klapper Paul , Dodgson Andrew , Moore Adam , Duke Madeleine , Tunkel Sarah , Kenny Chris , Fowler Tom 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo detect SARS-CoV-2 amongst asymptomatic care home staff in England, a dual-technology weekly testing regime was introduced on 23 December 2020. A lateral flow device (LFD) and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) test were taken on the same day (day 0) and a midweek LFD test was taken three to four days later. We evaluated the effectiveness of using dual-technology to detect SARS-CoV-2 between December 2020 to April 2021. Viral concentrations derived from qRT-PCR were used to determine the probable stage of infection and likely level of infectiousness. Day 0 PCR detected 1,493 cases of COVID-19, of which 53% were in the early stages of infection with little to no risk of transmission. Day 0 LFD detected 83% of cases that were highly likely to be infectious. On average, LFD results were received 46.3 h earlier than PCR, enabling removal of likely infectious staff from the workplace quicker than by weekly PCR alone. Demonstrating the rapidity of LFDs to detect highly infectious cases could be combined with the ability of PCR to detect cases in the very early stages of infection. In practice, asymptomatic care home staff were removed from the workplace earlier, breaking potential chains of transmission.
Insufficient nutrient intake in individuals with disabling hearing loss and the restoration of nutritional sufficiency in hearing aid users
Authors: Han Sang-Yoon , Lee Sang-Yeon , Suh Myung-Whan , Lee Jun Ho , Park Moo Kyun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHearing loss affects some nutrient intake. Disabling hearing loss may exacerbate these issues. We aimed to evaluate nutrient intake and assess deficiencies based on functional hearing status. The study included 6907 participants with information on demographic factors, nutrient intake, weight, height, disease status, and hearing level in the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, conducted from 2019 to 2021. We categorized the participants into 3 groups based on their functional hearing status: bilateral hearing, unilateral hearing, and disabling hearing loss. The disabling hearing loss group showed lower intake of most major nutrients (P < 0.05), dietary fiber (P < 0.001), and most minerals and vitamins (P < 0.05), with some insufficiencies. The unilateral hearing group showed lower intake only for potassium (P = 0.036) compared to the bilateral hearing group and significantly higher intake of hydration (P = 0.039), dietary fiber (P = 0.039), and calcium (P = 0.009) than the disabling hearing loss group. Nutrient insufficiency in the disabling hearing loss group was more prominent in women, and was partially resolved by using hearing aids. Clinicians and nutritionists should consider undernourishment in these patients, and appropriate interventions for nutrition and hearing aids should be recommended.
A multimodal stacked ensemble model for cardiac output prediction utilizing cardiorespiratory interactions during general anesthesia
Authors: Dervishi Albion 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study examined the possibility of estimating cardiac output (CO) using a multimodal stacking model that utilizes cardiopulmonary interactions during general anesthesia and outlined a retrospective application of machine learning regression model to a pre-collected dataset. The data of 469 adult patients (obtained from VitalDB) with normal pulmonary function tests who underwent general anesthesia were analyzed. The hemodynamic data in this study included non-invasive blood pressure, plethysmographic heart rate, and SpO2. CO was recorded using Vigileo and EV1000 (pulse contour technique devices). Respiratory data included mechanical ventilation parameters and end-tidal CO2 levels. A generalized linear regression model was used as the metalearner for the multimodal stacking ensemble method. Random forest, generalized linear regression, gradient boosting machine, and XGBoost were used as base learners. A Bland–Altman plot revealed that the multimodal stacked ensemble model for CO prediction from 327 patients had a bias of − 0.001 L/min and − 0.271% when calculating the percentage of difference using the EV1000 device. Agreement of model CO prediction and measured Vigileo CO in 142 patients reported a bias of − 0.01 and − 0.333%. Overall, this model predicts CO compared to data obtained by the pulse contour technique CO monitors with good agreement.
Predictors of non-persistence in women with overactive bladder syndrome
Authors: Hsiao Sheng-Mou 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPersistence is important for the success in the treatment of women with overactive bladder syndrome (OAB). We aimed to identify the predictors of non-persistence in women with OAB after first-line medical treatment. All consecutive women with OAB (n = 608), who underwent urodynamic studies and received first-line medical treatment (5 mg of solifenacin or 25 mg of mirabegron per day) in a referral medical center, were reviewed. Mirabegron (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.711) was associated with a higher persistence rate, compared to solifenacin. Mirabegron treatment (HR = 0.269) was less likely to switch medication; however, a high Urogenital Distress Inventory score (HR = 1.082) was more likely to switch medication. Furthermore, old age (HR = 1.050, especially for ≥ 75 years) and high voided volume (dL, HR = 1.420, especially for voided volume ≥ 250 ml) were associated with added medication at follow-up. Additionally, women with low parity (HR = 0.653, especially for parity ≤ 3) and a low Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7) score (HR = 0.828, especially for IIQ-7 score ≤ 7) were associated with improvement without medication. In conclusion, mirabegron can be considered as the first frontline treatment to increase the persistence rate and decrease the rate of switched medications, compared to solifenacin. In addition, combination therapy or higher-dose monotherapy could be used as the first front-line treatment for women ≥ 75 years of age or with ≥ 250 ml of voided volume.