bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of the DNA binding element of the human ZNF300 protein
Authors: Qiu Hongling , Xue Lu , Gao Li , Shao Huanjie , Wang Di , Guo Mingxiong , Li Wenxin 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe human ZNF300 gene is a member of the KRAB/C2H2 zinc finger gene family, the members of which are known to be involved in various developmental and pathological processes. Here, we show that the ZNF300 gene encodes a 68-kDa nuclear protein that binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner. The ZNF300 DNA binding site, C(t/a)GGGGG(c/g)G, was defined via a random oligonucleotide selection assay, and the DNA binding site was further confirmed by electrophoretic mobility shift assays. A potential ZNF300 binding site was found in the promoter region of the human IL-2Rβ gene. The results of electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicated that ZNF300 bound to the ZNF300 binding site in the IL-2Rβ promoter in vitro. Transient co-transfection assays showed that ZNF300 could activate the IL-2Rβ promoter, and that the activation was abrogated by the mutation of residues in the ZNF300 binding site. Identifying the DNA binding site and characterizing the transcriptional regulation property of ZNF300 would provide critical insights into its potential as a transcriptional regulator.
The cell type-specific effect of TAp73 isoforms on the cell cycle and apoptosis
Authors: Holcakova Jitka , Ceskova Pavla , Hrstka Roman , Muller Petr , Dubska Lenka , Coates Philip , Palecek Emil , Vojtesek Borivoj 
Published: March 2008

Abstractp73, a member of the p53 family, exhibits activities similar to those of p53, including the ability to induce growth arrest and apoptosis. p73 influences chemotherapeutic responses in human cancer patients, in association with p53. Alternative splicing of the TP73 gene produces many p73 C- and N-terminal isoforms, which vary in their transcriptional activity towards p53-responsive promoters. In this paper, we show that the C-terminal spliced isoforms of the p73 protein differ in their DNA-binding capacity, but this is not an accurate predictor of transcriptional activity. In different p53-null cell lines, p73β induces either mitochondrial-associated or death receptor-mediated apoptosis, and these differences are reflected in different gene expression profiles. In addition, p73 induces cell cycle arrest and p21WAF1 expression in H1299 cells, but not in Saos-2. This data shows that TAp73 isoforms act differently depending on the tumour cell background, and have important implications for p73-mediated therapeutic responses in individual human cancer patients.
α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes as Substrates for Asymmetric CC Bond Forming Reactions with Thiamin Diphosphate (ThDP)‐Dependent Enzymes
Authors: Cosp Anabel , Dresen Carola , Pohl Martina , Walter Lydia , Röhr Caroline , Müller Michael 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe enzymes benzaldehyde lyase (BAL) from Pseudomonas fluorescens, benzoylformate decarboxylase (BFD) from Pseudomonas putida and pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae provide different CC bond forming possibilities of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes with aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes. Structure elucidation and determination of the absolute configuration of the products, which were obtained with high regio‐ and stereoselectivity were carried out. Selective 1,2‐reactivity with yields of 75% and >98% ee, for one single isomer (A) were obtained, by choosing the suitable enzyme in combination with the appropriate substrates. By varying enzymes or substrates the regioisomeric hydroxy ketones C, with up to >99% ee, can be obtained. The application of these new chiral building blocks in the synthesis of natural products or biological active substances is considerably facilitated by applying the different ThDP‐dependent enzymes as catalysts. Abbreviations: BAL, benzaldehyde lyase; BFD, benzoylformate decarboxylase; PDC, pyruvate decarboxylase; His, hexahistidine; 2‐HPP, 2‐hydroxy‐1‐phenylpropan‐1‐one; PAC, phenylacetylcarbinol; NTA, nitrilotriacetic acid; ThDP, thiamin diphosphate; wt, wild‐type.
Energy expenditure among farmers in developing countries: What do we know?
Authors: Dufour Darna L. , Piperata Barbara A. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe trend toward overweight and obesity in developing countries is often assumed to be due, in part, to reductions in energy expenditure associated with the transition from agrarian to urban lifestyles. In this article we first review the published studies on energy expenditure in farming populations living in developing countries, populations generally assumed to have high levels of energy expenditure. To facilitate comparison we express energy expenditure as physical activity level (PAL), i.e. the ratio of total daily energy expenditure to basal metabolic rate. Then, with the goal of better understanding variability in energy expenditure between different human groups, we focus on case studies of women farmers in Colombia and Brazil for whom we have good ethnographic data. The published studies reviewed indicate that most farmers have PAL values in the moderate physical activity range, but toward the high end of that range. PAL values of male farmers tend to be higher than female, and show greater seasonal variation. The case studies illustrate that women farmers, living in broadly similar environments, and dependent on the cultivation of the same crop can have quite different patterns of physical activity and hence PAL values. These differences are a function of differences in behavior related to social and cultural variables like the organization of work at the household level and perceptions of how food crops should be processed, as well as micro‐level ecological factors. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Thermal imidization behavior of aromatic polyimides by rigid‐body pendulum rheometer
Authors: Chiu Hsien‐Tang , Cheng Jui‐O 
Published: March 2008

AbstractTwo types of polyamic acid (PAA) precursors were synthesized via combining 3,3′,4,4′‐Oxydiphthalicdianhydride (ODPA) with 4,4′‐thioetherdianiline (TDA) and 4,4′‐sulfonyldianiline (SDA), respectively. Thermal gravity analysis (TGA), rigid‐body pendulum rheometer experiment (RPR), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were combined to analyze the thermal imidization processes from precursors PAA to polyimides (PI). This procedure provides the new PAA‐PI system with new methods for observing the imidization behavior, thermal properties, and finding the optimization of processing conditions. The results of the TGA and FTIR imidization conversion analysis revealed that the PAA‐PI systems synthesized with identical dianhydride and different diamines have distinct reaction temperature regions and reaction speed. The inductive effect of withdrawing and releasing group and the rigidity‐flexibility of the molecular chain in the structure of molecular backbone chain influence the imidization reaction. We have seen from the RPR test results that the entire imidization reaction in every isothermal testing temperature reaches an equilibrium condition and completes the gradation reaction of each isothermal temperature within 20 min. Glass transition temperatures (Tg) of PIs increase with increasing the conversion rate from PAA into PI and the rigidity of molecular chain. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008
Synthesis, characterization, and gas permeability of aromatic polyimides containing pendant phenoxy group
Authors: Kothawade Sandeep S. , Kulkarni Mahesh P. , Kharul Ulhas K. , Patil Anandrao S. , Vernekar Subhash P. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA diamine containing a pendant phenoxy group, 1‐phenoxy‐2,4‐diaminobenzene, was synthesized and condensed with different aromatic dianhydrides [4,4′‐oxydiphthalic dianhydride, 4,4′‐(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride, 3,3′,4,4′‐benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3′,4,4′‐biphenyltetracorboxylic dianhydride, and pyromellitic dianhydride] by one‐step synthesis at a high temperature in m‐cresol to obtain polyimides in high yields. Most of the polyimides exhibited good solvent solubility and could be readily dissolved in chloroform, sym‐tetrachloroethane, N,N‐dimethylformamide, N,N‐dimethylacetamide, and nitrobenzene. Their inherent viscosities were in the range of 0.33–1.16 dL/g. Wide‐angle X‐ray spectra revealed that these polymers were amorphous in nature. All these polyimides were thermally stable, having initial decomposition temperatures above 500°C and glass‐transition temperatures in the range of 248–281°C. The gas permeability of 4,4′‐oxydiphthalic dianhydride and 4,4′‐(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride based polyimides was investigated with pure gases: He, H2, O2, Ar, N2, CH4, and CO2. A polyimide containing a C(CF3)2 linkage showed a good combination of permeability and selectivity. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008
Regulation of mammalian gene expression by retroelements and non‐coding tandem repeats
Authors: Tomilin Nikolai V. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractGenomes of higher eukaryotes contain abundant non‐coding repeated sequences whose overall biological impact is unclear. They comprise two categories. The first consists of retrotransposon‐derived elements. These are three major families of retroelements (LINEs, SINEs and LTRs). SINEs are clustered in gene‐rich regions and are found in promoters of genes while LINEs are concentrated in gene‐poor regions and are depleted from promoters. The second class consists of non‐coding tandem repeats (satellite DNAs and TTAGGG arrays), which are associated with mammalian centromeres, heterochromatin and telomeres. Terminal TTAGGG arrays are involved in telomere capping and satellite DNAs are located in heterochromatin, which is implicated in transcription silencing by gene repositioning (relocalization). It is unknown whether interstitial TTAGGG sequences, which are present in many vertebrates, have a function. Here, evidence will be presented that retroelements and TTAGGG arrays are involved in regulation of gene expression. Retroelements can provide binding sites for transcription factors and protect promoter CpG islands from repressive chromatin modifications, and may be also involved in nuclear compartmentalization of transcriptionally active and inactive domains. Interstitial telomere‐like sequences can form dynamically maintained three‐dimensional nuclear networks of transcriptionally inactive domains, which may be involved in transcription silencing like classic heterochromatin. BioEssays 30:338–348, 2008. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Determination of oxatomide in human plasma by high‐performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: She Xiaodong , Wu Lili , Wei Huilin , Liu Weida , Chen Yun 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA rapid, sensitive and specific high‐performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC‐ESI‐MS) method has been developed and validated for the determination of oxatomide in human plasma. Flunarizine hydrochloride was employed as the internal standard (IS). The analytes were chromatographically separated on a Shimadzu Shim‐pack VP‐ODS C18 column (250 × 2.0 mm i.d.) with a mobile phase consisting of methanol and aqueous ammonium acetate solution (10 mm, pH 4.0; 85:15, v/v). Detection was performed on a single quadrupole mass spectrometer using an electrospray ionization interface with the selected‐ion monitoring (SIM) mode. The method showed excellent linearity (r = 0.9995) over the concentration range of 0.5–500 ng/mL with good accuracy and precision. The intra‐ and inter‐batch precisions were within 10% relative standard deviation. The recoveries were more than 90%. The validated method was successfully applied to a preliminary pharmacokinetic study of oxatomide in Chinese healthy male volunteers. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Liquid chromatography–electrospray tandem mass spectrometric assay suitable for quantitation of YM155, a novel small‐molecule survivin suppressant, in dog plasma
Authors: Minematsu Tsuyoshi , Felder Laurie , Oppeneer Todd , Sakazume Masashi , Oikawa Keishi , Hashimoto Tadashi , Usui Takashi , Kamimura Hidetaka 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThis paper describes a sensitive and selective liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method for determination of the novel survivin suppressant YM155, 1‐(2‐methoxyethyl)‐2‐methyl‐4,9‐dioxo‐3‐(pyrazin‐2‐ylmethyl)‐4,9‐dihydro‐1H‐naphtho[2,3‐d]imidazolium, which is developed for the treatment of solid tumors. This method uses a liquid–liquid extraction from 0.25 mL of dog plasma. LC separation was carried out on a Genesis Silica column (50 mm × 3.0 mm i.d.) at a flow‐rate of 0.5 mL/min. Compounds were eluted using a mobile phase of 5 mm ammonium acetate and 0.1% formic acid in water–0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile, 17:83 (v/v). MS/MS detection was carried out with an MDS‐Sciex API3000 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in positive electrospray ionization mode. The standard curve was linear from 0.05 to 50 ng/mL (r ≥ 0.9968). The lower limit of quantitation was 0.05 ng/mL. Good intra‐ and inter‐day assay precision (within 7.4% RSD) and accuracy (within ±12.3%) were obtained. The extraction recovery was 66.2%. The method was successfully applied to preclinical pharmacokinetic studies in dogs. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Salt Effect on Polymerizable Vesicles of Allyl Dodecyl Dimethylammonium Bromide and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfonate in Aqueous Solution
Authors: WANG Xiang‐Ying , ZENG Guang‐Ming , WANG Yi‐Lin , WANG Jin‐Ben , XU Xiao‐Hui , ZHOU Ting‐Ting , YAN Hai‐Ke 
Published: March 2008

AbstractPolymerization reactions in vesicles are known to fix the vesicular structure to provide stabilized hollow colloidal nanoparticles used as biological membrane models, drug delivery vehicles, or templates for the synthesis of nanostructures. As a precursive work of polymerization directly from vesicles, a polymerizable surfactant, allyl dodecyl dimethylammonium bromide (ADDB) was synthesized, and spontaneous stable vesicles were formed from aqueous solutions of ADDB and sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) in equimolar composition. The aqueous mixture of ADDB/SDS could form homogeneous solutions even at a high surfactant or sodium bromide (NaBr) concentration. Before polymerization, salt effect on the polymerizable vesicles was investigated by using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and freeze‐fracture transmission electron microscopy (FF‐TEM) measurements. It was interestingly revealed by the DLS method that the vesicle size increased from 83 nm in a salt‐free solution to 250 nm with increasing the salt concentration to 250 mmol/L, but decreased from 250 to 180 nm with increasing the salt concentration to 1000 mmol/L. The same meaningful trend was disclosed by the FF‐TEM measurements that when NaBr concentration was below 150 mmol/L the dispersed individual vesicle size was about 70 nm but it decreased to 20 nm while the NaBr concentration was above 400 mmol/L. The causation of increment of average aggregate radius can be attributed to the fusion and flocculation of vesicles observed clearly under a TEM imagine. The decrease of vesicle size results from the fact that, at a high salt concentration, electrolyte screens the interaction between the charged head groups, thus entropic increase drives big vesicles to decrease to small ones.
Supramolecular Architecture from a Sodium Coordination Polymer with a 3D Net Containing 3‐Aminopyrazine‐2‐carboxylic acid (APZC):Synthesis, Characterization and Crystal Structure of [Na2(APZC)2(μ‐H2O)2(μ3‐H2O)]n
Authors: TAYEBEE Reza , AMANI Vahid , KHAVASI Hamid Reza 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe synthesis and spectroscopic properties of a Na+ complex with ligand 3‐aminopyrazine‐2‐carboxylic acid were described. The resulting complex was characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV‐Vis, NMR spectroscopy and single crystal X‐ray diffraction method. The title compound crystallizes in the triclinic system with space group . The crystalline structure of this compound consists of supramolecular architectures involving strong intramolecular N–H···O in pyrazine molecules and intermolecular O–H···N, O–H···O, and N–H···N hydrogen bonds between substituted pyrazine and water molecules.
Facile Synthesis of 3‐Substituted‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydropyrido‐[3,2‐d]pyrimidine‐2,4‐dione on Poly(ethylene glycol)
Authors: XIANG Feng‐Ying , LU Cui‐Fen , YANG Gui‐Chun , CHEN Zu‐Xing 
Published: March 2008

AbstractAn efficient and short route to synthesize pyrido[3,2‐d]pyrimidinediones was achieved using poly(ethylene glycol) as a soluble polymeric support and phase transfer catalyst. The poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was reacted with 2,3‐pyridinedicarboxylic anhydride to give PEG‐bound ester 1, which was transformed into corresponding PEG‐bound acyl azide 2. Then the PEG‐supported acyl azide 2 was rearranged, reacted with a series of amines and spontaneously cycled to give product 5 in 84%–88% overall yields.
Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterisation of 2,3‐Epoxy/ 3‐Chloro‐2‐hydroxy Propyl Derivatives of Quaternary Ammonium Salts:Useful Cationic Fixing Agents
Authors: SHARIF Saima , AHMAD Saeed , IZHAR‐UL‐HAQ Mian Muhammad 
Published: March 2008

AbstractEight mono‐reactive and four bis‐reactive 2,3‐epoxy/3‐chloro‐2‐hydroxy propyl derivatives of quaternary ammonium salts have been synthesised by reacting epichlorohydrin with suitable tertiary amines and diamines. Mono‐reactive derivatives also contain cyano and carboxylic groups in addition to 2,3‐epoxy/3‐chloro‐2‐hydroxy propyl groups. The structures of these quaternary ammonium salts have been characterised using IR and 1H NMR spectroscopic techniques. These quaternary ammonium chlorides have been applied to the cotton fabrics as pretreatments and aftertreatments and promising results have been obtained.
Fabrication of Alternate Stacking MnO2/MoS2 Layered Nanohybrid by a Sonochemistry Technology
Authors: SU Zhi‐Kui , CUI Yan‐Hua , TANG Xiu‐Hua , ZHOU Qing , LIU Zong‐Huai 
Published: March 2008

AbstractLayered manganese oxide was delaminated in a tetramethylammonium hydroxide by sonicating treatment for 20 min. LiMoS2 with a layered structure was soaked in a 10−4 mol·L−1 HNO3 solution, then added to the delaminated MnO2 colloid by ultrasonic treatment, and alternate stacking MnO2/MoS2 nanohybrid with a novel layered structure was fabricated by using a sonochemistry technology. A new hybridization method between two kinds of inorganic nanosheets with the same charge character was developed.
Glycolipid‐activated NKT cells support the induction of persistent plasma cell responses and antibody titers
Authors: Devera T. Scott , Shah Hemangi B. , Lang Gillian A. , Lang Mark L. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractNKT cell activation with CD1d‐binding glycolipid α‐galactosylceramide (α‐GC) enhances antibody responses to co‐administered T‐dependent antigen. The efficacy of α‐GC relative to other CD1d‐binding glycolipids and adjuvants is not known. There is little information on how NKT cells affect antibody production beyond initial booster‐stimulated recall responses. We therefore tested the hypothesis that α‐GC stimulates induction of plasma cells and antibody responses as effectively as Th1‐ and Th2‐skewing variants of α‐GC and several other adjuvants. C57BL/6 and CD1d–/– mice were immunized with nitrophenol‐conjugated keyhole limpet hemocyanin (NP‐KLH) plus α‐GC or NP‐KLH plus adjuvants before administration of an NP‐KLH booster and assessing antibody responses and plasma cell frequency. α‐GC boosted long‐term antibody responses as efficiently as all other agents tested and induced plasma cells that were detected in bone marrow 13 weeks after immunization. We then determined whether NKT cells were required in the presence of other adjuvants. CD1d–/– mice had a reduced induction of plasma cells in response to NP‐KLH/Alum as compared to C57BL/6 mice. However, NKT cells were not required for the continued presence of those cells that were induced. Although NKT cells are capable of inducing persistent plasma cell responses, they may not play a major role in supporting longevity post‐induction.
A new method for assigning common spot boundaries for multiple gels in two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis
Authors: Rye Morten Beck , Færgestad Ellen M. , Alsberg Bjørn K. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe benefits of defining common spot boundaries when several gels from 2‐DE are compared and analyzed have lately been stressed by both commercial software producers and users of this software. Though the importance of common spot boundaries is clearly stated, few reports exist that target this issue explicitly. In this study a method for defining common spots boundaries is developed, called the spot density method. The method consists of the following steps: segmentation and spot identification on each individual gel, transferring the spot‐center coordinates for all gels onto a single new gel, collecting spot centers clustered together in the new gel and finally assigning pixels and new spot boundaries based on the spots in each cluster. The method is compared to a synthetic gel approach, and validated by visual inspection of three representative areas in the gels. The gel images need to be aligned prior to segmentation and spot identification, but the method can be used regardless of the choice of segmentation procedure. This makes the method an easy extension to existing methods for spot identification and matching. Conclusions based on the visual inspection are that the spot density method identifies partly overlapping spots and low‐intensity spots better than the synthetic gel approach.
A new volume of fluid method in three dimensions—Part I: Multidimensional advection method with face‐matched flux polyhedra
Authors: Hernández J. , López J. , Gómez P. , Zanzi C. , Faura F. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA multidimensional advection scheme in 3D based on the use of face‐matched flux polyhedra to integrate the volume fraction evolution equation is proposed. The algorithm tends to reduce the formation of ‘over/undershoots’ by alleviating the over/underlapping of flux polyhedra, thus diminishing the need to use local redistribution algorithms. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed advection algorithm, which are analyzed using different tests with prescribed velocity field, compare well with other multidimensional advection methods proposed recently. The algorithm is also applied, in combination with a Navier–Stokes solver, to reproduce the impact of a water droplet falling through air on a pool of deep water. The interfacial curvature is calculated using a height‐function technique with adaptive stencil adjustment, which provides improved accuracy in regions of low grid resolution. The comparison of the numerical results with experimental results shows a good degree of agreement. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.