bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE CHALLENGES AND ENHANCING PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE: AN IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS OF THE HOTEL MANAGEMENT STUDENTS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL TRAINING EXPOSURE
Authors: S Dr Priyadarshan 
Published: March 2024

Background: Industrial training exposure allows the students to apply the theoretical knowledge gained in the classroom to real-world situations. This practical application enhances their understanding of concepts and fosters a deeper learning experience. Working in a real-world setting exposes students to various challenges and scenarios, helping them develop a wide range of practical skills. Objectives: (1) To identify the various challenges encountered by hotel management students during their industrial exposure training period. (2) To study about the impact of industrial exposure on the acquisition of practical skills, professional demeanor, and industry-specific knowledge among hotel management students. (3) To identify the facilities and support mechanisms offered by hotels to trainees during their industrial exposure is crucial for understanding the learning environment and ensuring a positive and enriching experience for the trainees. Methodology: The study is descriptive in nature. The sample for the study consists of 124 from Wayanad district, Kerala. The primary data required for the research was collected using a structured questionnaire which was distributed off-line. Stratified Random sampling technique was used for the study. Data was analyzed based on the category of the hotel where the training was done and the statistical analysis was based on percentage, chi square test, correlation analysis, ANOVA Test with the help of IBM SPSS Version 23. Results: 58.1% respondents agreed with the statement that they get benefited by doing the industrial exposure training; whereas, 17.7% strongly agreed, 13.7% of the respondents neither disagreed nor agreed, 8% disagreed and only a minority of 4% of the respondent said that they are not benefited by doing the industrial exposure training. The relationship between the category of the hotels and the stipend provided, weekly off and communication problems faced by the trainees had a statistically significant linear relationship (p<.001). Conclusion: The study suggests several measures for improvement, including providing accommodation, transportation support, stipends, uniforms, and compensation for extra work during peak hours. It also underscores the importance of addressing harassment issues and ensuring appropriate punishment for any misconduct. The research indicates challenges during industrial exposure training might lead to student discontinuation or a preference for higher studies after completing the course. This highlights the critical need for addressing these issues to retain and support students in their career journeys.
Pemahaman Ilmu Nahwu dan Tajwid “Waqaf dan Ibtida’” dalam Pembelajaran Al-Qur’an: Studi Kasus di Pondok Pesantren Ma’arif NU Metro
Authors: Nanda Fitriana Lukya  , Subandi Subandi  , Siti Roudhotul Jannah  
Published: March 2024

As a life guide for Muslims, the Qur'an is a must to study. Therefore learning the Qur'an has existed since the time of the Prophet and continues to this day. Especially in Islamic boarding schools, it is one of the things that is mandatory and must be studied by all students. In studying the Qur'an, other sciences are needed, for example, the science of Tajwid, Nahwu science and others as a support for studying it. The purpose of this research is to analyze how the Al-Qur'an is taught at the Ma'ariF NU Metro Islamic Boarding School, to analyze how the implementation of Nahwu and Tajwid knowledge in the waqaf and ibtida' in Al-Qur'an learning, and to analyze the supporting and inhibiting factors. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method on the implementation of Al-Qur'an learning at Ma'arif NU Metro Islamic boarding school. Researchers as the main instrument, with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews (with teacher and student components), observation and document study. All of the data is analyzed using an interactive model with the flow: data recording, data reduction, data presentation, data analysis and conclusions. The results of this study can be concluded as follows: First, in learning the Koran at Ma'arif Islamic boarding school using the bandongan and sorogan methods, and using tartil in reading the Koran. Second, all students are considered capable of implementing the knowledge of Tajweed in determining waqaf and ibtida', but not all students can implement Nahwu knowledge in determining waqaf and ibtida' in learning the Qur'an. Third, the factors supporting the implementation of nahwu and tajwid sciences in waqaf and ibtida', namely, the level of understanding and learning motivation is high, the teacher uses effective and efficient methods, the teacher always warns and corrects when students forget or make mistakes when reading the Qur'an. The inhibiting factors are low level of understanding and interest in learning, still unfamiliar with Nahwu knowledge, and limited hours of Al-Qur'an lessons.
The effect of ginger extract on expression of Gli1 and Patched-1 genes involved in breast cancer signaling pathway under in vitro condition
Authors: Mahsa Torabi Seyedeh , Rahaie Mahdi , Ebrahimi Asa 
Published: March 2024

Introduction and Aim: Breast cancer ranks among the leading causes of death in women worldwide. Ginger has shown potential efficacy against certain cancer types, surpassing conventional therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation. However, its molecular mechanisms remain less understood.

Materials and Methods: In this study, MCF-7 cancer cells were cultured and treated with various concentrations of aqueous ginger extract (20, 30, 45, 65 microgram/mL) for 12, 48, and 72 hours. The effects were assessed through gene expression analysis and cell vitality assays (MTT).

Results: The cell vitality test revealed a direct correlation between cytotoxicity and extract concentration. Concentrations exceeding 30 microgram/mL exhibited significant cell death (IC50 of 104.03 microgram/mL). Gene expression analysis demonstrated an increase in Patched-1 and a decrease in Gli1 expression with rising extract concentrations. The maximum Patched-1 expression occurred at 65 microgram/mL after 72 hours. Patched-1 (oncogene) and Gli1 (tumor suppressor) are pivotal genes in the hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway associated with breast cancer.

Conclusion: It appears that ginger compounds play a substantial role in regulating cancer progression by influencing key components of the hedgehog signalling pathway.
An insight into immunohistochemical profile of triple negative breast carcinoma in a tertiary care center
Authors: M. Lauvanya , Bhuvana G. , Swaminathan K. , Subarathi M. 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is a type of breast cancer that fails to express Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR) and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) in Immunohistochemical analysis. TNBC has a unique molecular profile, aggressive nature and lack of efficient targeted therapies. The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of basal markers like Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and Cytokeratin 5/6 (CK 5/6) and to correlate their expression with the clinico-pathological parameters, thus enabling the identification of the aggressive basal like phenotype of TNBC in resource-constrained settings.

Methodology: The study was conducted at a South Indian tertiary care centre for 2 years. Data such as age of presentation, tumour measurements, margins and necrosis, numbers, levels and sizes of lymph nodes were collected. Data on histological type and grade, in situ component, lymphovascular and perineural invasion, stromal reaction and lymph node status were recorded. Primary Immunohistochemical studies were performed for the markers ER,PR and HER2.Patients with negative expression for all the three markers were identified. IHC studies for EGFR and Cytokeratin 5/6(CK5/6) were done on tissue blocks and the expression of these two markers were equated with the clinico-pathological parameters.

Results: Among the 94 cases, 44 cases (46.8%) expressed CK5/6 and 46 (48.9%) expressed EGFR. A plausible association was noted between the expression of the two markers with age of the patient, tumour size, histological grade and tumour necrosis.

Conclusion: Combination of the time honoured gross and histopathological examinations along with the application of basal markers like CK 5/6 and EGFR, helps in identifying the basal-like phenotype with dismal clinical outcome among the triple-negative breast cancers in resource-constrained settings. An insight into such an aggressive tumour, provided by these markers may be critical in designing personalized treatment strategies for such patients.
Transformation of Stylistic Devices in the Prose of Ernest Hemingway during Their Translation into Russian and Uzbek
Authors: Rakhmonova Yulduz K. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
This article examines the main linguistic means preferred by the outstanding American modernist writer of the 20th century, Ernest Hemingway. Special attention is given to the analysis of the stylistic devices he uses and the methods through which these devices are translated into Russian and Uzbek. The article provides numerous examples from the original and translated stories of E. Hemingway into Russian and Uzbek.
Preparation and Study of Structural and Optical Properties of PbS:Cu Nanostructured Thin Films
Authors: Jaafer Hiba Jumaa 
Published: March 2024

Thin films of lead sulfide (PbS) and various Cu mixing ratios (30%, 50%, and 70%) are used in this work. were made using the (PLD) method on glass substrates at a wavelength of 1064 nm and 600 mj of laser energy. X-ray diffraction experiments were used to determine the structural measurements for pure PbS, and other mixes present thin films demonstrated a face-centered-cubic structure. and discovered that the average grain size was 17.74 nm; this grew to 20.54 nm after combining with 30% Cd, 20.54 nm after mixing with 50% Cd, and 23.15 nm after mixing with 70% Cd. The optical characteristics of PbS thin films measured between 300 and 1100 nm in wavelength. For PbS thin films, the optical transmittance and transparency decrease as the o mixing ratio increases.The absorption coefficient rises as the mixing ratio does. When the mixing ratio is increased, the band gap for pure PbS thin film is 2.43, rises to 3.03, and thereafter falls to 2.01 and 1.5.
Effect of Rapid Desiccation with Ethanol Immersion on Viability and Vigor of Some Rice Seeds (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Rahayuningsih Tri , Suryanto Agus , Sulistyaningrum Dyah Erlina 
Published: March 2024

The availability of quality seeds is important in crop cultivation, so quality seeds must be available when farmers need them. Quality seeds must be able to be stored for a long time. Rapid aging through soaking with 95% ethanol within 5 minutes, can predict the shelf life of seeds. Rice seeds that were treated with rapid soaking were Inpari 45 (V1), Sunggal (V2), Memberamo (V3) and Ciherang (V4) varieties. From the results of the analysis of variance, the observation parameters of Germination Power (DB), Maximum Growth Potential (PTM) and Keserempakan Tumbuh (KST) were significantly different (1%). Of the four varieties, after the seeds were soaked in 95% ethanol for 5 minutes DB, PTM and KST decreased very drastically. The order of varieties based on their seed viability and vigor levels, from high to low, are Inpari 45 (V1), Memberamo (V3) Sunggal (V2) and Ciherang (V4). Inpari 45 (V1) has the highest germination rate (DB) of 39%, while Ciherang (V4) has the lowest germination rate (DB) of 15.67%. These results suggest that the Inpari 45 (V1) variety can be stored longer than the other three varieties. Viability and vigor of seeds are not only controlled by environmental factors but also influenced by genetic factors

napid desiccatio, rice varieties, seed viability and vigor
Role of Computed Tomography in Differentiation of Radio-Lucent Stones from Radio-Opaque Stones in The Renal System Depending on Attenuation Measurements (Hounsfield Unit)
Authors: Flayyih Dr. Sudad Razoqqi , Radhi Dr. Fahad Khalid , Tuama Dr. Ibrahim Mahjar 
Published: March 2024

Renal calculus remains to be a common problem in the hospital. It is the third most common urological problem after urinary tract infection and prostate disease
Computed tomography (CT) has a superior sensitivity and specificity over all other modalities in
Diagnosis of renal stones in determining the size and number of kidney stones, no matter how small it is, also it helps in the identification of Hounsfield unit (HU) and thus determines the composition of gravel.
Aim:
The aim of this study is to differentiate between radio-opaque from radio lucent stones depending on attenuation measurements of the Hounsfield unit (HU) and to find the cutoff value depending on the Hounsfield unit in computed tomography (CT).
PATIENT AND METHOD:
This was a cross-sectional study of 100 patients (65 male and 35 female) aged between 18 and 80, having kidney stones of size more than or equal (l0 mm). The study was done between September 2014 and June 2015 in Al-Emammain Al-Kadhymain Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq. In all patients, an X-ray of the Kidney, ureter, and bladder (KUB) was done after preparation, and then nou contrast Computed Tomography (CT) was performed to all patients. Two parameters were studied, which are the appearance of stone on KUB and Hounsfield unit for each stone was measured in Computed Tomography (CT).
RESULTS:
We classified the stones according to their appearance on KUB to Radio-Opaque stone (71 stones) and Radio-Lucent stone (29 stones).
By statistical analysis, we found that the cut-off value of HU was 573, with a sensitivity of 97.2% and specificity of 93.1%.
CONCLUSION
Find the cut-off value of the Hounsfield unit (HU), which is a value in the classification of gravel according to their appearance.
Advancements in Laser Eye Surgery Through Sectional Study
Authors: Dr. Sana Abdalziz Qzir Alasadi  , Dr. Rabeeha Khassaf Abbas Alkhafagi  , Dr. Mohammed Hamza Rashid  
Published: March 2024

Background: Laser in situ corneal surgery (LASIK) This technique has been considered as the most widespread and most widely performed refractive intervention in eye surgery in the world, which may show a high satisfaction index among patients after surgery. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the results of vision quality for patients suffering from myopia and astigmatism after LASIK surgery. Patients and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 74 patients ages 28-54 who suffered from myopia and astigmatism who underwent LASIK surgery. This study extended from February 16, 2022, to September 9, 2023. This study determined the importance of LASIK surgery in improving the visual function of patients in the long term in terms of satisfaction and happiness after surgery, functional improvement, and achieving the expected quality of vision. Results: Our results found that the percentage of males, which included 47 patients, was greater than that of females, which included 27 patients. The data for both surgery time were (22.46 ± 0.8) minutes, and corneal thickness was (498 ± 4.0 microns, recovery time was (3.6 ± 2.4) days. Our outcomes found that the surgery to be a good option, and it was 98%. The main goal was achieved. It was 96%. They were satisfied with the result. It was 95.40%. Happiness after LASIK was 99%. Conclusion: LASIK surgery has shown that the surgical procedure is the most healing, the quickest to perform, and the safest, which increases functional improvement and which contributes significantly.
Great quality optical resolution. Our results confirm that there is great patient satisfaction with LASIK surgery, which is attributed to the quality of this surgery, which improves visual ability in a safer and more accurate way.
The Incidence of Breast Cancer in Egyptian Females in Correlation to Different Mammographic ACR Densities
Authors: Al Zahraa Ahmad Al Shikh  
Published: March 2024

Breast cancer is the leading cause of illness and cancer-related death in women worldwide. Breast cancer is a complex illness, and one of the risk factors for non-familial breast cancereis breast density. Aim: To assess and detect the relationship between different breasts mammographic densities and the risk for breast cancer among asymptomatic females. Methods: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted and included 814 women outreached for screening by digital mammography by the Presidential Program for Women Health in the period from January 2020 to December 2021. Results: 52.1% of the females had type B density, while 24.1% were type C, 21.6% were type A, and 2.2% were type D. 10.3% of the recruited females were found to suffer from breast cancer. There was a statistically significant difference between the type of breast density among the females diagnosed with breast cancer Conclusion: Breast cancer density is significantly associated with breast cancer. Female patients with type D breast density had 3 times more risk of developing breast cancer and this risk decreases as the breast density decrease.
Community Participation in Community Secondary School Construction Projects in Kibaha District Council, Tanzania
Authors: Malipula Mrisho Mbegu 
Published: March 2024

The centrality of participatory practices in recording development objectives is widely acknowledged. However, limited information exists on the factors that motivate community participation in the construction of community secondary schools. This article mends the said gap by exploring the factors that motivate community participation in community secondary school construction in Kibaha, Tanzania. The study utilised a descriptive research design, garnering primary data through 118 household surveys and 2 key informant interviews. The study also collected data through documentary reviews meant to triangulate the data gathered through interviews to deepen discussions and check primary data. Quantitative data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics software with simple frequency analyses presented in tables and discussed descriptively. Atlas ti was used to process qualitative data that eventually underwent content analysis and descriptive discussion. The study unveils that community participation in community secondary school construction is positively impacted by accumulated knowledge on participation, community secondary school benefits, transparency on income and expenditure, quality leadership, decentralisation of decision-making at low levels of governance, and local people empowerment. Conversely, the absence of these motivating factors has negative motivational effects on community participation in such projects. Hence, it is imperative to make concerted efforts to reinforce the positive motivational factors. These efforts should include enhancing community awareness of participation, empowering community members to actively participate, fostering a culture of good governance, particularly in matters of financial transparency, and involving the community in decision-making throughout the implementation of development projects. Furthermore, clear explanations of the benefits accruing to communities from the construction of community secondary schools are essential.
IMPACTO DO PRÉ – NATAL TARDIO NA SAÚDE MATERNO FETAL
Authors: Travassos Carla Suellem Miranda , Barbosa Deuridice Rêgo , Simões Janderleia Maciel , Rocha Margareth Silva da , Rocha Júnior Ismael Aluísio Figueiredo da 
Published: March 2024

Introdução: O pré-natal é baseado em vários elementos que tem por finalidade detectar e prevenir cenários de forma precoce que coloquem em perigo a saúde da gestante e do bebê. Objetivo: Investigar os impactos causados pelo pré-natal tardio na saúde materno fetal. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura, através das bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Resultados: Destacou – se que se faz necessário medidas para evitar que o pré-natal tardio continue acontecendo. Conclusão: Verificou – se através dos artigos pesquisados e analisados que o pré-natal tardio ocorre com mais frequência do que se imagina, e os fatores que corroboram para esse acontecimento são em sua maioria os mesmos, baixa escolaridade, falta de planejamento familiar, desigualdades socioeconômicas entre outros.
Investigating extreme marine summers in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Denaxa Dimitra , Korres Gerasimos , Flaounas Emmanouil , Hatzaki Maria 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The Mediterranean Sea (MS) has undergone significant surface warming, particularly pronounced during summers and associated with devastating impacts on marine life. Alongside the ongoing research on warming trends and marine heatwaves (MHWs), here we address the importance of understanding anomalously warm conditions also on the seasonal timescale. We propose the concept of extreme marine summers (EMSs) and investigate their characteristics in the MS, using sea surface temperature (SST) reanalysis data spanning 1950–2020. We define EMSs at a particular location, as the summers with a mean summer SST exceeding the 95th percentile. A marine summer may become extreme, under various SST substructures. Results show that, in most of the basin, EMSs are formed primarily due to the warmer summer days being warmer than normal. Areas where the warmest (coldest) part of the SST distribution is more variable experience EMSs primarily due to the warmest (coldest) part of the distribution being anomalously warm. MHWs occurring within EMSs are more intense, longer lasting, and more frequent than usual mainly in the northern MS regions. These enhanced MHW conditions occur mainly within the warmest part of the SST distribution. By means of temporal coverage of MHW conditions, a more pronounced occurrence of MHWs in EMSs is found for the central and eastern basin where up to 55 % of MHW days over 1950–2020 fall within EMSs. The role of air–sea heat fluxes in driving EMSs is quantified through a newly proposed metric. Results suggest that surface fluxes primarily drive EMSs in the northern half of the MS, while oceanic processes play a major role in southern regions. Upper-ocean preconditioning also contributes to the formation of EMSs. Finally, a detrended dataset was produced to examine how the SST multi-decadal variability affects the studied EMS features. Despite leading to warmer EMSs basin-wide, the multi-decadal signal does not significantly affect the dominant SST substructures during EMSs. Results also highlight the fundamental role of latent heat flux in modulating the surface heat budget during EMSs, regardless of the long-term trends.