bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enantioseparation, absolute configuration determination, and anticonvulsant activity of (±)‐1‐(4‐aminophenyl)‐7,8‐methylenedioxy‐1,2,3,5‐tetrahydro‐4H‐2,3‐benzodiazepin‐4‐one
Authors: Calabrò Maria Luisa , Raneri Daniela , Ficarra Paola , Ferreri Guido , De Sarro Giovambattista , Bruno Giuseppe , Zappalà Maria , Micale Nicola , Grasso Silvana 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe resolution of 1‐(4‐aminophenyl)‐7,8‐methylenedioxy‐1,2,3,5‐tetrahydro‐4H‐benzodiazepin‐4‐one (±)‐(R,S)‐2 was accomplished by chiral HPLC. The absolute configuration of (+)‐2, determined by X‐ray crystallographic analysis, was R. The in vivo anticonvulsant activity of the enantiomers (+)‐(R)‐2 and (−)‐(S)‐2 is reported. It has been also demonstrated that compound (±)‐(R,S)‐2 in vivo undergoes oxidative metabolism to derivative 1. Chirality, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Formation of Trichlorinated Dibenzo‐p‐dioxins from 2,4‐Dichlorophenol and 2,4,5‐Trichlorophenolate: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Suárez Ernesto , Suárez Dimas , Menéndez Maria Isabel , López Ramón , Sordo Tomás Luis 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe reaction of the 2,4,5‐trichlorophenolate anion with 2,4‐dichlorophenol to afford trichlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins (T3CDDs) is investigated at the B3LYP/6‐31+G(d) and B3LYP/6‐311+G(3df,2p)//B3LYP/6‐31+G(d)+ZPVE(B3LYP/6‐31+G(d)) levels of theory. The first stage of the process corresponds to the formation of a predioxin, which can evolve through four different routes. Two of them lead directly to the products 2,3,7‐T3CDD and 1,3,8‐T3CDD, and the other two afford different predioxin‐type intermediates, which in turn can evolve through all or some of the four routes to give new predioxins or T3CDD. Consequently, the theoretical results obtained show plainly the complex chemistry implied in the formation of dioxins from chlorophenols via anionic mechanisms by disclosing all the critical structures through which the system evolves, thus allowing assessment of the viability of the different mechanistic routes and the accessible products. The statistical thermodynamics treatment at 1 atm and 298.15, 600, 900, and 1200 K indicates that at higher temperatures, the Gibbs energy barrier for the formation of the initial predioxin is clearly the rate‐determining step for the whole process, but at lower temperatures the Gibbs energy barrier for this step is similar to those for its evolution into 2,3,7‐T3CDD. This result is in contrast with previous proposals that the closure of the central ring is the rate‐limiting step. Finally, according to our results the rate constant for the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins increases with the temperature, in agreement with the experimental observation that the conversion of trichlorophenols increases when going from 600 to 900 K in the gas phase in the absence of catalysts, and with DFT molecular dynamics results.
Innovative interventions for disordered eating: Evaluating dissonance‐based and yoga interventions
Authors: Mitchell Karen S. , Mazzeo Suzanne E. , Rausch Sarah M. , Cooke Kathryn L. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractObjective:Eating‐disordered behavior is prevalent among college women. Few interventions have successfully reduced risk factors for these behaviors, however. The most promising interventions are both selective and interactive. This study compared two newer types of interventions that meet these criteria: cognitive dissonance and yoga programs.Method:This study advertised programs for women who were dissatisfied with their bodies. Participants (N = 93) were randomly assigned to dissonance, yoga, or control groups.Results:Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that there were no significant post‐intervention differences between the yoga and control groups. Dissonance group participants had significantly lower scores than the scores of both other groups on measures of disordered eating, drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction, alexithymia, and anxiety.Conclusion:These findings have important implications for interventions on college campuses. In particular, dissonance interventions appear to be an efficient and inexpensive approach to reducing eating disorder risk factors. Additional research regarding the value of yoga interventions is needed. © 2006 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2006
A randomized comparison of cognitive behavioral therapy and behavioral weight loss treatment for overweight individuals with binge eating disorder
Authors: Munsch Simone , Biedert Esther , Meyer Andrea , Michael Tanja , Schlup Barbara , Tuch Alex , Margraf Juergen 
Published: November 2006

AbstractObjectives:The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT) and behavioral weight loss treatment (BWLT) for overweight patients with binge eating disorder (BED).Method:Eighty obese patients meeting criteria of BED according to DSM‐IV‐TR were randomly assigned to either CBT or BWLT consisting of 16 weekly treatments and 6 monthly follow‐up sessions. Binge eating, general psychopathology, and body mass index (BMI) were assessed before, during, and after treatment, and at 12‐month follow‐up.Results:At posttreatment results favored CBT as the more effective treatment. Analysis of the course of treatments pointed to a faster improvement of binge eating in CBT based on the number of self‐reported weekly binges, but faster reduction of BMI in BWLT. At 12‐month follow‐up, no substantial differences between the two treatment conditions existed.Conclusion:CBT was somewhat more efficacious than BWLT in treating binge eating but this superior effect was barely maintained in the long term. Further research into cost effectiveness is needed to assess which treatment should be considered the treatment of choice. © 2006 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2006
Relationships among attachment styles, personality characteristics, and disordered eating
Authors: Eggert Janet , Levendosky Alytia , Klump Kelly 
Published: November 2006

AbstractObjective:Insecure attachment styles and certain personality characteristics (i.e., high levels of neuroticism) have been associated with eating pathology. However, previous research has not examined these variables simultaneously and has not examined possible mediating relationships between attachment and personality characteristics for disordered eating. Because personality characteristics have emerged as some of the most robust predictors of disordered eating, it was predicted that the link between attachment and disordered eating might be through personality styles.Method:Participants included 85 female twins and triplets who took part in the Michigan State University Twin Study. Disordered eating, attachment style, and personality characteristics were assessed. Hierarchical linear models were used to examine relationships among the variables.Results:Overall, neuroticism, and extra version to a lesser extent, mediated the relationship between insecure‐resistant attachment and disordered eating. Specifically, higher scores on the neuroticism scale predicted more disordered eating and explained the relationship between insecure‐resistant attachment and disordered eating.Conclusion:These results suggest that relationships between attachment style and disordered eating are indirect, in that neuroticism fully mediates associations between insecure‐resistant attachment and disordered eating. © 2006 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2006
One‐Step Synthesis of Natural Product‐Inspired Biaryl Ether‐Cyclopeptoid Macrocycles by Double Ugi Multiple‐Component Reactions of Bifunctional Building Blocks
Authors: Michalik Dirk , Schaks Angela , Wessjohann Ludger A. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractIsonitrile‐functionalized biaryl ethers can serve as key building blocks for the highly efficient one‐step production of natural product inspired‐macrocycles, with six or even twelve new bonds and rings with up to 50 members being formed in total yields of up to 51 %. Aliphatic diamine and diacid tethers give access to two different classes of N‐substituted biaryl ether cyclopeptides, suitable for library construction. As part of a conceptual work on MiBs (multiple multicomponent macrocyclizations/macrocycles including bifunctional building blocks), the influence of length and type of flexible tethers on the propensity for cyclization is studied.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Tandem‐Selective Bond Cleavage of the Lactam Nucleus and Michael Reaction
Authors: De Vitis Luisella , Troisi Luigino , Granito Catia , Pindinelli Emanuela , Ronzini Ludovico 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe reactivity of the β‐lactam ring towards nucleophiles has been investigated. Ring‐opening reactions were performed on 3‐allyl‐β‐lactams with CH3O–/CH3OH at room temperature and/or reflux. Lactam nucleus isomerization followed by N1–C2 bond cleavage and methanol Michael addition afforded substituted amino esters. The reactivity of the four‐membered ring towards nucleophiles was found to depend on the substituents at the lactamic nitrogen and the C3 and C4 atoms. The ring‐opening path is highlighted in this report. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Synthesis of Alkaloid Analogues from β‐Amino Alcohols by β‐Fragmentation of Primary Alkoxyl Radicals
Authors: Boto Alicia , Hernández Dácil , Hernández Rosendo , Montoya Adriana , Suárez Ernesto 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe fragmentation of primary alkoxyl radicals is usually a minor process with respect to hydrogen abstraction and other competing reactions. However, when β‐amino alcohols were used as substrates, the scission proceeded in good to excellent yields and no side reactions were observed. The fragmentation can be coupled with an allylation or alkylation reaction, to give alkaloid analogues and functionalized nitrogen heterocycles. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Synthesis of Chiral Ligands from Hydrindene Diols with a Consecutive Heterodomino Transformation as the Key Reaction Step
Authors: Finet Laure , Dakir Mohamed , Castellote Isabel , Kaoudi Talbi , Toupet Loïc , Arseniyadis Siméon 
Published: November 2006

AbstractWe report here the elaboration of a bicyclo[2.2.2]octane system, synthesized by a consecutive domino process, towards highly functionalized stereopure derivatives, which could be used as multidentate ligands for the generation of asymmetric catalysts. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Seasonal confounding and residual correlation in analyses of health effects of air pollution
Authors: Ghement Isabella R. , Heckman Nancy E. , Petkau A. John 
Published: November 2006

AbstractTo investigate the health effects of air pollution via a partially linear model, one must choose an appropriate amount of smoothing for accurate estimation of the linear pollution effects. This choice is complicated by the dependencies between the various covariates and by the potential residual correlation. Most existing approaches to making this choice are inadequate, as they neither target accurate estimation of the linear pollutant effects nor handle residual correlation. In this paper, we illustrate two new adaptive and objective methods for determining an appropriate amount of smoothing. We construct valid confidence intervals for the linear pollutant effects, intervals that account for residual correlation. We use our inferential methods to investigate the same‐day effects of PM10 on daily mortality in two data sets for the period 1994 to 1996: one collected in Mexico City, an urban area with high levels of air pollution, and the other collected in Vancouver, British Columbia, an urban area with low levels of air pollution. For Mexico City, our methodology does not detect a PM10 effect. In contrast, for Vancouver, a PM10 effect corresponding to an expected 2.4% increase (95% confidence interval ranging from 0.0% to 4.7%) in daily mortality for every 10 µg/m3 increase in PM10 is identified. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Osteogenic differentiation of marrow stromal cells cultured on nanoporous alumina surfaces
Authors: Popat Ketul C. , Chatvanichkul Kwan‐Isara , Barnes George L. , Latempa Thomas Joseph , Grimes Craigs A. , Desai Tejal A. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractA major goal in orthopedic biomaterials research is to design implant surfaces, which will enhance osseointegration in vivo. Several microscale as well as nanoscale architectures have been shown to significantly affect the functionality of bone cells i.e., osteoblasts. In this work, nanoporous alumina surfaces fabricated by a two‐step anodization process were used. The nanostructure of these surfaces can be controlled by varying the voltage used for anodization process. Marrow stromal cells were isolated from mice and seeded on nanoporous and amorphous (control) alumina surfaces. Cell adhesion, proliferation, and viability were investigated for up to 7 days of culture. Furthermore, the cell functionality was investigated by calcein staining. The cells were provided with differentiation media after 7 days of culture. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and matrix production were quantified using a colorimetric assay and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for up to 3 weeks of culture (2 weeks after providing differentiation media). Further, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate osteoblast morphology on these nanoporous surfaces. Over the 3‐week study, the nanoporous alumina surfaces demonstrated ∼45% increase in cell adhesion, proliferation, and viability, 35% increase in ALP activity, and 50% increase in matrix production when compared with the control surfaces. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Batch production of biosurfactant with foam fractionation
Authors: Chen Chien‐Yen , Baker Simon C. , Darton Richard C. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractMethods of producing the biosurfactant surfactin from cultures of Bacillus subtilis (BBK006) have been investigated. A reactor with integrated foam fractionation was designed and used in batch mode, and the performance compared with that of the same culture in shaken flasks. In the batch reactor, significant foaming occurred between 12.5 h and 14.5 h of culture time. During this period, the foam was routed through the foam fractionation column to a mechanical foam breaker, and a biosurfactant‐enriched foamate was collected. Concentration of surfactin in the foamate product was around 50 times greater than that in the culture medium. Using the integrated reactor, 136 mg L−1 of surfactin was produced, significantly more than was achieved in shaken flasks (92 mg L−1). The foam fractionation method allowed a real‐time measurement of the rate of surfactin production during growth. This showed that the maximum rate of production occurred at the interphase between log and stationary modes of growth, in contrast to previous work showing that surfactin is exclusively a secondary metabolite. The high value of surfactin yield in relation to biomass (YP/x = 0.262) indicated that surfactin was produced very efficiently by Bacillus subtilis (BBK006) in this integrated bioreactor. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
Evaluation of the titanium dioxide approach for MS analysis of phosphopeptides
Authors: Klemm Clementine , Otto Sebastian , Wolf Constanze , Haseloff Reiner F. , Beyermann Michael , Krause Eberhard 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe affinity of titanium dioxide for phosphate groups has been successfully used for enrichment of phosphopeptides from complex mixtures. This paper reports the relationship between the occurrence of some amino acids and the phospho‐specific and nonspecific binding of peptides that occurs during titanium dioxide enrichment. In order to perform a systematic study, two well‐characterized peptide mixtures consisting of either 33 or 8 synthetic phosphopeptides and their nonphosphorylated analogs, which differed in charge and hydrophobicity, were synthesized and analyzed by ESI‐MS and MALDI‐MS. The titanium dioxide procedure was also evaluated for comprehensive detection of phosphopeptides in phosphoproteomics. In summary, our results clearly confirm the high selectivity of titanium dioxide for phosphorylated sequences. Drastically reduced recovery was observed for phosphopeptides with multiple basic amino acids. Nonspecific binding of nonphosphorylated peptides and sample loss of phosphopeptides must also be taken into account. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Callus formation enhanced by BMP‐7 ex vivo gene therapy during distraction osteogenesis in rats
Authors: Hu J. , Qi M.C. , Zou S.J. , Li J.H. , Luo E. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThis study was designed to observe the effects of bone morphogenetic protein‐7 (BMP‐7) ex vivo gene therapy on callus formation during rat mandibular distraction osteogenesis (DO). Fifty‐four Sprague‐Dawley rats underwent osteodistraction of the right mandible and were then randomly divided into three groups. Immediately after distraction, autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transfected with BMP‐7, MSCs untransfected with BMP‐7, and physiological saline were injected into the distraction gaps of the mandibles in groups A, B, and C, respectively. Nine animals from each group were euthanized at 2 and 6 weeks after completion of distraction. The distracted mandibles were removed and processed for radiographic, histological, immunohistochemical, and scanning electron microscopic examinations as well as Ca/P ratio analysis. Group A animals showed greater bone formation and earlier mineralization in the distracted callus when compared with group B. Similarly increased callus formation was found in group B than group C. Positive immunostaining of BMP‐7 was observed in the distracted callus in all groups. However, BMP‐7 expression was much stronger in group A compared with groups B and C. The results of this study suggest that BMP‐7‐mediated ex vivo gene transfer based on MSCs may accelerate callus formation in distraction osteogenesis and facilitate consolidation. Local gene therapy may ultimately be an alternative or supplemental approach to DO enhancement, especially for patients whose osteogenic potentials are compromised by diseases such as osteoporosis, severe trauma, and postoncologic irradiation. © 2006 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 25:241–251, 2007
Vibrational study of the superprotonic phase transition in the mixed crystal Rb2(HSeO4)(H2PO4)
Authors: Jaouadi K. , Zouari N. , Mhiri T. , Daoud A. , Romain F. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractRaman spectra (10–1200 cm−1) of polycrystalline samples of Rb2(HSeO4)(H2PO4) were studied at temperatures ranging from 300 to 423 K. An assignment of most of the observed bands is proposed. The first‐order phase transition previously detected at 382 K was characterized as:

This superionic‐protonic transition is believed to be governed by librations of the HSe/PO42− ion and the AOH (A = Se, P) stretching mode. It corresponds to the weakening of Se(P)OH˙˙˙ HOSe(P)hydrogen bonds and to the melting of the proton sublattice into a quasi‐liquid state in which the protons and the HSe/PO42− ions contribute to the unusually high conductivity. The activation energy that was determined from the plot Δν1/2 versus temperature for the ν (AOH) band has the same order of magnitude as that determined from conductivity measurements. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Acute effects of a lateral postural assist on voluntary step initiation in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Mille Marie‐Laure , Johnson Hilliard Marjorie , Martinez Katherine M. , Simuni Tanya , Rogers Mark W. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractAnticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) for lateral weight transfer and stability precede and accompany voluntary stepping. Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) show delays in step initiation with altered APA characteristics that may reflect impaired interactions between posture and locomotion. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of a lateral postural assist on step initiation in patients with early stage PD while off medication and healthy controls. Subjects performed self‐paced rapid forward steps. In one condition (ASSIST), the APA was assisted at onset with a lateral pull applied to the pelvis by a motor‐driven robotic system. Ground reaction forces and whole body kinematics were recorded to characterize the APA and step characteristics. Overall, PD subjects had a longer APA duration (P < 0.01) and longer first step duration (P < 0.027) than Control subjects. With the ASSIST, the APA duration for both groups was shorter (P < 0.001), the step onset time was earlier (P < 0.001), and the speed of the first step became faster for PD subjects. Postural assistance affecting the interaction between posture and locomotion may have therapeutic potential for improving movement function in patients with PD. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society
Validation of a new scale for the evaluation of sialorrhea in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Perez Lloret Santiago , Pirán Arce Gabriel , Rossi Malco , Caivano Nemet María Laura , Salsamendi Paz , Merello Marcelo 
Published: November 2006

AbstractSialorrhea is common in Parkinson disease (PD), affecting approximately 70% to 75% of patients. Several tools for measuring saliva volume or production exist, but none are designed specifically for assessing sialorrhea‐related discomfort. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a clinical scale for subjective evaluation of sialorrhea in PD. In Phase I, internal consistency of the Sialorrhea Clinical Scale for PD (SCS‐PD) was established in 39 PD patients. In Phase II, scale validity was proven through saliva volume measurements obtained in 49 PD patients and 27 healthy volunteers. Internal consistency estimated using Cronbach's alpha was 0.78, indicating none of the original seven items tested needed to be removed. Twenty‐one patients complaining of sialorrhea (63%) studied during Phase II, showed higher SCS‐PD scores but no differences in saliva volume. SCS‐PD scores showed significant correlation with saliva volume (r = 0.41; P = 0.004) and with total Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (UPDRS III) scores (r = 0.70). Furthermore, saliva volume showed inverse relation to age in PD patients as well as in controls (r = −0.3 and r = −0.4; P < 0.05), but SCS‐PD scores did not. The SCS‐PD scale showed good internal consistency and validity, providing support for its use in routine clinical sialorrhea‐related discomfort evaluation. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society