bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro activity of Tityus metuendus and Brotheas amazonicus scorpion venoms against Plasmodium falciparum FRC3
Authors: Procópio Rudi Emerson de Lima , Pereira Daiane Barão , Martins Jonas Gama , Aurazo Yohonatan Alain Duque 
Published: April 2024

Scorpion venoms contain different classes of molecules with possible pharmacological activities, making them sources of bioactive molecules for the development of new drugs against infections caused by pathogens, such as malaria, a disease caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium. Malaria faces challenges in its control due to pathogen resistance to available antimalarials. In this study, we evaluated the venom activity of the Amazonian scorpions and against FRC3, the analysis was performed by flow cytometry. At the analyzed concentrations, we found that the crude venom of had an average inhibition of 87% at the concentration of 100 µg/mL, above that obtained with the drug (quinine), which had mean inhibition of 84% against FCR3. Regarding the venom of , lower activity was observed in comparison with the inhibition potential of the venom and the standard drug, venom showed low toxicity against the human fibroblast MRC5. Because peptides and toxins from scorpion venom are related to biological functions, they can be used in the design of new therapeutic agents, with venom being a possible source of molecules for the development of antimalarial drugs.
A comparative study of clinical symptoms, demographic characteristics and laboratory parameters among primary and secondary dengue cases in a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata
Authors: Bose Sayani , Laloo Feradica D , Acharya Alisha , Gupta Bishal , George Alex , Bandopadhyay Bhaswati 
Published: April 2024

Dengue, an arthropod borne viral disease which is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes, can result in a range of clinical presentations from mild febrile illness like dengue fever (DF) to severe presentations like dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) which can turn fatal.While majority of primary dengue cases are asymptomatic/ mild symptomatic, secondary dengue infected cases usually have more complications and require critical care support.To find out proportion of Dengue IgG among NS1 reactive cases, study their clinical-demographic profiles and to find out the prevalent dengue serotypes.Blood collected from patients suffering from acute febrile illness less than 5 days and more than 5 days duration were tested for Dengue NS1and Dengue IgM respectively. Samples reactive for Dengue NS1 were further tested for dengue IgG by ELISA and dengue serotyping by RT-PCR. Results obtained were analysed and interpreted.Out of 2286 blood samples suspected for Dengue during the study period (March 2021 to February 2022), only 134 samples were NS1 reactive and amongst them, 21 (16%) had early detection of IgG antibodies while the rest 113(84%) cases were primary dengue infection. The predominant serotype was DENV-3.It is evident that patients who suffer from Secondary Dengue infections require more supervision and critical care support. This highlights the importance of Dengue IgG detection in the early phase of the disease in order to predict the complications of dengue which can save many more lives. Nevertheless, Primary dengue infections can also be severe, hence should be monitored closely under supervision. Molecular surveillance may help to predict large scale outbreaks of dengue if regional shifts in the predominantly circulating serotypes are detected during the early phase of the dengue season.
Analysis of essential hematological parameters and nutrient levels of dengue patients aiming for quick recovery and sustainable immunity
Authors: Banerjee Swapan , Sharma Urvashi , Kaur Virender Pal 
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Dengue is one of the common public health issues globally where laboratory diagnostic test values of patients are primarily focused on hematological parameters. Micronutrients equally take a role in quick recovery, and active cum passive immunity is not mainly considered during and post-recovery of patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study with a purposive sampling method was applied using pre-tested close-ended questionnaires and laboratory data (soft copies/hard copies) of participants admitted to hospitals or nursing homes within the North -24 Paraganas district from November 2021 to October 2022. 110 male and female patients of 40-60 years reported dengue fever (non-hospitalized cases), and dengue hemorrhagic fever (hospitalized cases) was considered based on 15 variables. STATA version 18.0 software analyzed data using multivariate regression and range plots. The Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.72, and the consolidated probability value shows 0.01 (p&#60;0.05), which denotes that the multivariate model was statistically significant and was rightly decided to include the relevant independent variables. Calcium, vitamin D, and total protein were statistically significant as P values were 0.01, the same for each. Similarly, p=0.05 was the same for Total Leukocyte count (TLC) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP).The study concludes that micronutrients like calcium, protein, vitamin D, etc., are often considered secondary recommendations in dengue treatment. A balanced, nutrient-rich diet for dengue patients is needed to maintain sustained immunity by extensively monitoring calcium, vitamin D, and total protein intake during and after recovery.
Utility of Yokohama system for classification of breast FNA
Authors: Nedunuri Shyamala , Swain Meenakshi 
Published: April 2024

Breast carcinoma is the most common malignancy among women globally. FNA is used as an important diagnostic tool as a part of triple assessment. The application of the IAC Yokohama system in breast cytology standardises reporting and also allows the calculation of risk of malignancy (ROM). To categorize all FNAC specimens according to the newly proposed IAC Yokohama reporting system for breast cytology. The ROM was determined for each category, sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values were evaluated to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of each category and inter-observer variability. 105 cases of breast FNACs were classified according to the IAC Yokohama system. The study was conducted over a period of 4 years and 9 months retrospectively from August 2018 to May2023. All FNACs were correlated with corresponding histology, but in most studies correlation of FNACs with histopathology was not possible in all cases because many were lost to follow-up. ROM for each category, Specificity, sensitivity, diagnostic accuracy, negative predictive value, positive predictive value and interobserver variability of FNAC were calculated. p-value was also calculated. Out of 105 breast FNACs, the category wise distribution from category 1 to 5, were category 1:4(3.8%), category2: 20(19.1%), category3: 16(15.2%), category4:5(4.8%) and category 5: 60(57.1%) respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy was 90.3%, 100%, 100%, 82.5% and 93.3% respectively.: The Yokohama system has standardized, broadly used, and well-understood diagnostic categories, with clear criteria for inclusion in a category and appears to be reproducible by most cytopathologists.
Characteristics and risk factors associated with COVID-19 progression: Insights from a retrospective study in India ?
Authors: Malviya Himani , Sharma Bandana , Lal Pavika , Anchal  
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed significant challenges worldwide, with India being one of the most affected countries. Understanding the clinical variables, complications, and laboratory markers associated with COVID-19 progression is crucial for effective management and reducing mortality. This retrospective study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics, complications, comorbidities, and laboratory markers associated with COVID-19 progression among patients admitted to SPM Hospital, India. Clinical data of 440 confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted between June and December 2020 were analyzed. Demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, comorbidities, laboratory findings, and radiological manifestations were reviewed. Patients were categorized based on age, gender, comorbidities, and disease severity. The study cohort comprised mainly elderly patients, with more than half aged 50-80 years and a male predominance. Fever, cough, and sore throat were the most common symptoms, with a significant proportion of patients presenting with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Laboratory markers including interleukin-6 (IL-6), D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum ferritin (S. ferritin), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were elevated in severe cases, with higher levels observed in patients aged ≥50 years. Patients requiring oxygen supplementation had a higher mortality rate compared to those maintaining oxygen saturation on room air. Age, gender, and comorbidities were identified as risk factors associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality. Elevated levels of IL-6, D-dimer, CRP, S. ferritin, and LDH were indicative of disease severity and poor prognosis. Early identification of high-risk patients and personalized management strategies are essential for improving clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
A study on delayed cord clamping and early skin-to-skin contact and its effect on maternal health
Authors: Kansal Sangeeta , Jain Madhu , Sinha Suchi Jain , Dixit Lakshmi , Yadav Sushil Kumar Gyadin 
Published: April 2024

Before the mid-1950s, Early Cord Clamping (ECC) meant clamping the umbilical cord within one minute of birth. Delayed Cord Clamping (DCC), on the other hand, involved clamping the cord more than five minutes after birth. After birth, because of noticing changes in blood volume and the absence of clear guidance on the best timing, early cord clamping became a usual practice, typically happening within 15-20 seconds of birth. The objective of the study is to identify the effects of DCC and early skin-to-skin contact on mother’s physiological parameters, breastfeeding behaviour, and post-partum haemorrhage compared to Early Cord Clamping. A group of 300 mothers and their newborns were studied after the mothers agreed to participate. The mothers were split into two groups, each with 150 participants. Group A experienced DCC and ESS contact, while Group B had Early Cord Clamping. The study's results showed similar findings in both groups regarding the average Hb level and maternal blood loss. Postpartum haemorrhage was less among DCC compared to early group with significant difference was observed. This study discovered that DCC with ESSC has a positive impact on preventing postpartum haemorrhage. This is achieved through improved breastfeeding and bonding. The study found that the side effects of DCC and ESSC are not significant. So, DCC and ESSC should be practiced in term uncomplicated deliveries.
Orientacja pozytywna a postrzeganie pozytywnych zmian w funkcjonowaniu podczas pandemii COVID-19 wśród osób we wschodzącej dorosłości – moderacyjna rola resilience
Authors: Boczkowska Magdalena 
Published: April 2024

Celem badania jest analiza związku pomiędzy orientacją pozytywną a postrzeganymi pozytywnymi zmianami w funkcjonowaniu podczas pandemii COVID-19 u osób we wschodzącej dorosłości przy uwzględnienieniu moderacyjnej roli resilience. Zastosowano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego, w skład której wchodziły narzędzia: Skala Orientacji Pozytywnej, Skala Postrzeganych Pozytywnych Zmian w Funkcjonowaniu Studentów Podczas Pandemii COVID-19 oraz Skala Pomiaru Prężności. Stwierdzono wystąpienie istotnych statystycznie zależności pomiędzy badanymi zmiennymi. Ponadto uzyskane rezultaty wskazują, że resilience pełni moderacyjną rolę w związku między orientacją pozytywną a postrzeganymi pozytywnymi zmianami w funkcjonowaniu podczas pandemii COVID-19 u osób w okresie wschodzącej dorosłości. Zaprezentowane wyniki poszerzają dotychczasową wiedzę na temat pozytywnego adaptowania się osób we wschodzącej dorosłości. Wnioski z niniejszych badań mogą stanowić podstawę do projektowania działań wzmacniających potencjał jednostki i uwzględniających resilience.
Navigating the Digital Divide in India: A Comprehensive Guide
Authors: Dubey Ashwani , Sinha Anushka , Raj Aditya 
Published: April 2024

Purpose of the study: This paper attempts to gain insights into the manner in which the first-level digital divide contributes to the more pervasive second-level divide associated with the manner of and motivation for digital usage across social groups.
Methodology: The study used data from the Government of India’s NSS 75TH round survey (2017-18) on social consumption and education. Binary logistic regression is used as a statistical method that can estimate the probability of an outcome, such as affordability or accessibility, based on one or more predictor variables.
Main Findings: Findings reveal that, for marginalized groups, class location plays an underlying role in propagating the first-level digital divide. Furthermore, when assessing the second-level divide in digital accessibility, socio-cultural factors perpetuate inequalities. The variable of gender shows that improved financial capacity to afford digital devices does not guarantee increased access to digital skills. Gender-based stereotypes act as deterrents, steering women away from engaging with computers.
Applications of this study: The research seeks to highlight digital exclusion among vulnerable communities, aiming to address this gap to fulfill the primary objective of the Sustainable Development Goal "Leaving No One Behind" and thereby contribute to the establishment of an equitable society.
Novelty/Originality of this study: Many existing studies rely on outdated data, prompting a need for a fresh perspective using updated datasets. This study seeks to investigate digital disparities within different segments of Indian society, utilizing recent data from a nationally representative survey. Given the absence of information on the digital divide at the second stage in India, this study addresses India’s digital inequality crisis by exclusively examining the first level, which revolves around the affordability and physical ownership of digital resources.
The use of bone autoplasty for false joints of the humerus diaphysis
Authors: Khorak K. I. , Kogan P. G. , Parfeev D. G. , Avdeev A. I. , Morozov A. M. , Piskareva M. E. 
Published: April 2024

Relevance. Fractures of the diaphysis of the humerus account for 1–5% of the total number of traumatic skeletal injuries and 20% of the number of humerus injuries. At the same time, in modern society there is no tendency to reduce traumatism, therefore, the number of surgical interventions aimed at restoring the integrity of the bone does not decrease. Over the decades, approaches to tactics and choice of drugs for correction of defects for fusion and restoration of motor function of the limb have been changing. Physicians from different countries have tried to use both auto- and allografts, with the results they achieved significantly increasing the chances of survival of the transplanted material. The multitude of studies conducted in different countries only confirms their high relevance, which makes the task of pseudarthrosis treatment one of the most important, but at the same time one of the most difficult in traumatology and orthopedics injuries.Objective. To study the application of bone autotransplantation for the treatment of false joints of the diaphysis of the humerus diaphysis.Materials and methods. A review of the literature sources published in the last 5 years on the problem of application of bone autografting methods for false joints of the humerus diaphysis was carried out.Results. Disruption of the process of humerus fusion and formation of a false joint make surgical intervention inevitable, and the results of treatment directly depend on the determination of the correct indications for a certain type of surgical intervention and competent implementation of the treatment plan. The chosen treatment tactics allow successful restoration of the anatomy and function of the damaged segment. There are many different methods of surgical treatment of false joints. The main purpose of bone-plastic materials application in traumatology and orthopedics is optimization of reparative osteogenesis.Conclusion. Over the last decades, clinical practice has changed many approaches to the tactics and choice of therapeutic means to restore bone integrity, as well as to restore the supporting and motor functions of the traumatized limb. Analysis of the data obtained from the literature has shown that the best results in the treatment of false joints of the humerus diaphysis were demonstrated by the techniques combining the use of bone autoplasty and additional metal structures.
Art therapy in the correction of the psychoemotional state of patients who have suffered stroke at the stage of medical rehabilitation
Authors: Ruzov V. I. , Sayfutdinov K. A. , Vylegzhanina O. N. , Kolchin D. V. 
Published: April 2024

Relevance. Considering the high incidence of stroke in the post-pandemic period COVID-19, it is necessary to carry out a set of rehabilitation measures for these patients aimed at their integration into society. One of the most common consequences of a stroke is cognitive deficit and psycho-emotional lability. Among the psychotherapeutic methods for correcting these disorders, art therapy has become widespread.Purpose of the study: to evaluate the effectiveness of the art therapy method in correcting the psycho-emotional state of patients who suffered stroke at the stage of medical rehabilitation.Object and methods. The study involved 110 patients who had suffered stroke, randomized into 2 groups using art therapy and humanistic psychotherapy. The assessment was carried out using the MMSE and HADS test.Results. The results obtained indicate the advantage of art therapy in correcting the psycho-emotional state of patients; however, this type of psychotherapy does not affect the dynamics of cognitive functions in patients with stroke.Conclusions. Art therapy is one of the most optimal methods of psychological correction, the psycho-emotional state of patients with stroke and does not affect cognitive functions. In the rehabilitation of patients with stroke, it is necessary to combine various methods of psychotherapy.
Pengaruh Mobilisasi Segera Setelah Stroke Terhadap Kemandirian Fungsional Dan Pencegahan Resiko Ulkus Dekubitus
Authors: Juliani Juliani , Ritarwan Kiking , Asrizal Asrizal 
Published: April 2024

Penderita stroke akan mengalami gangguan keseimbangan, terbatas aktivitas hidup sehari-hari sehingga mengalami imobilitas dan gangguan supply darah sehingga resiko tinggi terjadi ulkus dekubitus. Resiko ulkus dekubitus dan kemunduran kemandirian fungsional yang dialami oleh pasien stroke dapat dibantu dengan melakukan mobilisasi segera. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh mobilisasi segera setelah stroke terhadap kemandirian fungsional dan pencegahan resiko ulkus dekubitus. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah design quasy experiment dengan menggunakan metode pre post test with control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien stroke iskemik di Rumah Sakit Haji Adam Malik Medan dan sampel berjumlah 37 orang untuk kelompok kontrol dan 37 orang untuk kelompok intervensi. Pengumpulan data dengan data primer dan sekunder dan dianalisis dengan uji statistik Wilcoxon Test dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh mobilisasi segera terhadap pencegahan resiko ulkus dekubitus pasien stroke kelompok kontrol (p=0,083), tidak ada pengaruh mobilisasi segera terhadap kemandirian fungsional pada kelompok kontrol pada pasien stroke (p=0,058), ada pengaruh mobilisasi segera terhadap pencegahan resiko ulkus dekubitus pasien stroke kelompok intervensi (p=0,000) dan ada pengaruh mobilisasi segera terhadap kemandirian fungsional pada kelompok intervensi pada pasien stroke di Rumah Sakit Haji Adam Malik Medan (p=0,000). Disarankan bagi keluarga pasien yang mengalami stroke pemberian mobilisasi segera dapat diterapkan sebagai terapi untuk dilakukan di rumah dan bagi perawat direkomendasikan menjadi masukan dalam meningkatkan frekuensi mobilisasi segera pada pasien stroke untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya luka dekubitus dan peningkatan kemandirian fungsional.
Industry - Academia - Contribution to Energy Transition
Authors: Kaland T. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Hydrogen from hydrocarbon production and electricity is an important contribution to meet the energy demand in times of energy transition. As several oil and energy companies focus on a wider range of energy sources, the different hydrogen sources play an important role to meet the global energy demand.
The development of new technology and competence is essential to manage handling of new energy sources.
The hydrogen technology is so young as a fuel source, that legislation is a subject for current upgrading. So is the technology for storing and fuelling. The technology exploration in optimizing energy concentration, fuel cells, and energy transfer, are important research areas in university research centres in Norway and several other countries. Research in hydrogen energy source is performed by professors together with students at all levels. These students will in next turn fill the industry with new competences. As new energy sources are introduced, the energy transfer between different sources needs to be considered to plan the best and most economical way for transport and consume of hydrogen energy.
All together these subjects are important new areas of competence that petroleum engineers need to achieve to fulfil the energy companies’ visions of delivering a wider range of energy. Several oil companies have already sent their engineers to academic programs to upgrade competence in hydrogen technology. When experienced petroleum engineers move back to universities to upgrade their skills to include hydrogen, the good collaboration and industry understanding are developed to the benefit of all parts. The training programs provided by Norwegian universities are under current development in close contact with the ongoing research at universities.
This paper will focus how competence in new and upcoming energy technology may be realised in the playground where industry and academia play together.
As the graph in Figure 1 shows, the renewable energy sources are in minority, but in a growing scale. The grow in the production and consume of renewable energy sources will have to increase rapidly, both to meet the global decisions of reducing CO2emission, and because they are renewable. The fossil fuel resources will not last forever.
The most relevant institutions to perform the energy transition are the existing oil companies. Many of them define them self as energy companies. The energy companies have got the needed technology and competence to start the transition, but they will need support and collaboration with research and education institutions.