bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clot time ratio (CTR) and relation to treatment outcome in patients with atrial fibrillation treated with Rivaroxaban
Authors: Onelöv Liselotte , Theodorsson Elvar , Božič-Mijovski† Mojca , Mavri Alenka 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
There are situations where information about the anticoagulant effects of Rivaroxaban could be clinically useful. Methods for measuring Rivaroxaban concentrations are not available at all medical laboratories while the test MRX PT DOAC for measuring the functional effects of Rivaroxaban, in CTR (Clot Time Ratio), can be made available around the clock. The objectives of this study were to investigate CTR in trough and peak samples during Rivaroxaban treatment of atrial fibrillation and to correlate the findings to bleeding episodes.

Methods
3 trough- and 3 peak samples from 60 patients (30 on 20 mg daily and 30 on 15 mg daily) were analyzed with PT DOAC. Patients were monitored for 20 months, and bleeding and thrombotic events were documented. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data and non-parametric t-test for comparison between groups. ROC curves for the prediction of DOAC plasma levels > 50 ng/mL as determined with LC-MS/MS and anti-FXa methods were computed.

Results
There was a significant difference between trough and peak CTR (median CTR 1.33 vs. 3.57, p < 0.001). 28 patients suffered bleeds. Patients on 20 mg Rivaroxaban with bleeds had higher mean peak CTR than patients without bleeds (CTR 4.11 vs. CTR 3.47, p = 0.040). There was no significant difference in mean CTR between patients on 15 mg Rivaroxaban with or without bleeds (CTR 3.81 vs. 3.21, p = 0.803), or when considering all patients (CTR 3.63 vs. 3.56, p = 0.445). Five out of seven patients on Rivaroxaban 20 with mean peak CTR above the dose specific first to third quartile range (Q1-Q3) suffered bleeds, while 7/16 patients with mean peak CTR within, and 1/7 patients with mean peak CTR below the Q1-Q3 suffered bleeds. The area under the ROC curve was > 0.98 at the upper limit of the PT DOAC reference interval and the negative predictive value of PT DOAC for the prediction of DOAC plasma levels > 50 ng/mL was > 0.96.

Conclusions
The sample size was too low to draw any firm conclusions but is seems that MRX PT DOAC might be a useful laboratory test in situations where the effect of Rivaroxaban needs evaluation.
Efficacy and safety of the Latarjet procedure for the treatment of athletes with glenoid bone defects ≥ 20%: a single-arm meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Ling , He ShengRong , Wu Xia , Lv XiaoYu , Wang Tao , Tan HongBo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The shoulder joint is the most commonly dislocated joint in the human body, and the recurrence rate exceeds 50% after nonsurgical treatment. Although surgical treatment reduces the recurrence rate, there is controversy regarding the optimal surgical approach. Previous studies suggest that the Latarjet procedure yields favourable outcomes for specific populations at risk of recurrence, such as competitive athletes with significant glenoid defects. However, most of the existing related research consists of nonrandomized controlled trials with small sample sizes, and there is a lack of strong evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of the Latarjet procedure.

Methods
The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched. Athletes with ≥ 20% glenoid defects were selected for inclusion. The following data were extracted: general patient information, instability rates, return to sports (RTS) rates, imaging features (graft positioning rate and graft healing rate), functional assessments [Rowe score, Athletic Shoulder Outcome Scoring System(ASOSS), visual analogue scale (VAS), forward flexion function, and external rotation function], and complications.

Results
After excluding suspected duplicate cases, a total of 5 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The studies involved a total of 255 patients, including 237 males (93%) and 18 females (7%). The average age at the time of surgery was 25.4 ± 8.5 years. All the studies had a minimum follow-up period of 2 years, with an average follow-up time of 48.7 ± 18.9 months. The pooled rate of return to sport (RTS) was 94.3% (95% CI: 87.3%, 98.8%), and 86.1% (95% CI: 78.2%, 92.5%) of patients returned to their preoperative level of activity. The pooled redislocation rate was 1.1% (95% CI: 0%, 3.8%). Regarding the imaging results, the combined graft retention rate was 92.1% (95% CI: 88.1%, 95.5%), and the graft healing rate was 92.1% (95% CI: 88%, 95.4%). Postoperative functional evaluation revealed that the combined Rowe score, ASOSS score, and VAS score were 93.7 ± 6.5 points, 88.5 ± 4.4 points, and 1.1 ± 10 points, respectively. The forward flexion and external rotation angles were 170.9 ± 6.9 degrees and 65.6 ± 4.5 degrees, respectively. After excluding one study with unclear complications, the combined complication rate was 9.4% (95% CI: 1.0%, 23.6%).

Conclusion
For athletes with shoulder instability and a total of ≥ 20% glenoid bone defects, the Latarjet procedure can achieve excellent functional outcomes, with the majority of patients returning to preoperative levels of sports activity. This procedure also leads to a low recurrence rate. Therefore, the Latarjet procedure has been proven to be a safe and effective treatment.
Assessing the temporal within-day glycemic variability during hospitalization in patients with type 2 diabetes patients using continuous glucose monitoring: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Xing Ying , Wu Min , Liu Hongping , Li Penghui , Pang Guoming , Zhao Hui , Wen Tiancai 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aims
Frequent and extensive within-day glycemic variability (GV) in blood glucose levels may increase the risk of hypoglycemia and long-term mortality in hospitalized patients with diabetes. We aimed to assess the amplitude and frequency of within-day GV in inpatients with type 2 diabetes and to explore the factors influencing within-day GV.

Methods
We conducted a single-center, retrospective observational study by analyzing hospital records and 10-day real-time continuous glucose monitoring data. Within-day GV was assessed using the coefficient of variation (%CV). The primary outcome was the amplitude and frequency of within-day GV. The frequency of within-day GV was assessed by the consecutive days (CD) of maintaining within the target %CV range after first reaching it (CD after first reaching the target) and the maximum consecutive days of maintaining within the target %CV range (Max-CD). The target %CV range was less than 24.4%. We evaluated the factors influencing within-day GV using COX regression and Poisson regression models.

Results
A total of 1050 cases were analyzed, of whom 86.57% reduced the amplitude of within-day GV before the sixth day of hospitalization. Of the 1050 hospitalized patients, 66.57% stayed within the target %CV range for less than two days after first reaching the target and 69.71% experienced a Max-CD of fewer than four days. Reducing the average postprandial glucose excursion (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77–0.85; incidence rate ratios [IRR]: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.69–0.74) and the use of α-glucosidase inhibitors (IRR: 1.1, 95% CI: 1.01–1.18) and glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist (IRR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.02–1.65) contributed to reducing the amplitude and decreasing the frequency of within-day GV. However, the use of insulin (HR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.55–0.75; IRR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.79–0.93) and glinide (HR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.31–0.73; IRR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.73–0.97) may lead to an increased frequency of within-day GV.

Conclusions
An increasing frequency of within-day GV was observed during the hospitalization in patients with type 2 diabetes, despite the effective reduction in the amplitude of within-day GV. Using medications designed to lower postprandial blood glucose could contribute to minimize the risk of frequent within-day GV.
Impact of HIF prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors in heart failure patients with renal anemia
Authors: Kambara Takahiro , Shibata Rei , Sakamoto Yuusuke , Sakaguchi Teruhiro , Osanai Hiroyuki , Nakashima Yoshihito , Asano Hiroshi , Murohara Toyoaki , Ajioka Masayoshi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase (HIF-PH) inhibitors are a new class of anti-anemia agents. We retrospectively evaluated the safety and efficacy of HIF-PH inhibitors in patients with heart failure (HF) complicated by anemia associated with chronic kidney disase. HIF-PH inhibitor treatment was initiated in 32 patients with chronic HF complicated by renal anemia and were followed up for 3 months.

Results
Hematocrit and hemoglobin levels markedly improved 3 months after HIF-PH inhibitor treatment. However, levels of NT-proBNP, which is an indicator of HF, did not decrease considerably. Based on the rate of change in NT-proBNP, we divided the patients into “responder” and “non-responder” groups. The results showed that considerably more patients had a ferritin level of less than 100 ng/mL in the non-responder group at baseline. There were substantially more patients with TSAT of less than 20% in the non-responder group at 1 month after HIF-PH inhibitor treatment. The cut-off values to maximize the predictive power of ferritin level at baseline and TSAT value at 1 month after treatment were 41.8 ng/ml and 20.75. HIF-PH inhibitor treatment can be expected to be effective for improving both anemia and HF if ferritin≥41.8 ng/ml at baseline or TSAT≥20.75 at 1 month after treatment.
Health and medical experience of migrant workers: qualitative meta-synthesis
Authors: Cho Hyun-Jin , Kang Kyoungrim , Park Kyo-Yeon 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Migrant workers in Korea are contributing to economic development by resolving labour shortages due to the increase in the ageing population, and they have become necessary and important in the Korean economy. However, long working hours, poor working conditions, and cultural differences can cause migrant workers to experience disadvantages in using health and medical services. Therefore, this study aimed to understand and analyse the health and medical service experience of migrant workers in Korea by reviewing previous studies in order to improve their health and access to medical services.

Method
The qualitative meta-synthesis method suggested by Thomas and Harden was used. The key question for searching the literature is ‘What is the status of the use of health and medical service by migrant workers in Korea and the attributes that affect them?' Five electronic databases (RISS, KCI, KISS, Science ON, and KMbase) were searched for Korean literature published in academic journals until 6 November 2022 using a combination of “migrant worker or foreign worker or foreign labourer or migrant” and “medical or health” in Korean.

Results
A total of nine studies out of 1,006 were included in the review after methodological quality assessment using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP). The results of studies were synthesised into three themes and ten sub-themes: ‘Personal factors’ of personal health beliefs and the financial burden of healthcare costs; ‘Cultural factors’ of cultural differences in the lifestyle, cultural differences in the healthcare environment, and traditional medicine in the country; and ‘Socio-institutional factors’ of poor and difficult working environment, insufficient information about medical institutions, policies with a lack of practical applicability, systems of healthcare institutions, and healthcare services usage.

Conclusions
This study identified the experiences of migrant workers in using health and medical care services. The results of this study can be used as a basis for improving the health of migrant workers and access to healthcare services. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to improve the health management ability of migrant workers by developing a health management platform that can support Korean medical information and provide professional and accurate self-health management information.
Study on the effect and mechanism of Zhenzhu Tongluo pills in treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy injury
Authors: Dong Pengfei , Zhou Lin , Wang Xiaohui , Xue Lianping , Du Yang , Cui Rui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
As a traditional Mongolian medicine, Zhenzhu Tongluo pills has played a good neuroprotective function in clinic. However, the key mechanisms by which it works are poorly studied.

Objectives
To study the effect and mechanism of Zhenzhu Tongluo pills in treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy injury.

Methods
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy model was established by injecting STZ into rats. Physiological, behavioral, morphological and functional analyses were used to evaluate that the overall therapeutic effect of rats, ELISA, qRT-PCR, Western blot, immunohistochemical staining, HE staining and TUNEL staining were used to further study the related mechanism.

Results
Zhenzhu Tongluo pills can significantly improve the physiological changes, behavioral abnormalities, structural and functional damage in diabetic peripheral neuropathy rats, which may be related to the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects that realized by regulating PI3K/AKT, MAPK, NF-κB signaling pathways.

Conclusions
Zhenzhu Tongluo pills has neuroprotective effect, and anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis may be the important way of its function.
Psychological profile of Chinese peritoneal dialysis patients during the Omicron pandemic in 2022
Authors: Qiu Jin , Zhang Chunyan , Xie Jingyuan , Lin Shan , Ren Hong , Huang Xiaomin , Xu Tian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to determine the psychological status of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients who were blocked during the 2022 Omic Pandemic in Shanghai.

Methods
This was an observational and cross-sectional study. We selected 172 PD patients from the peritoneal dialysis center of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, during the quarantine of the Omicron pandemic in Shanghai from April to May 2022. General data and biochemical indices were collected. The Kidney Disease Quality of Life (SF-36) questionnaire was used to evaluate the psychological state of the patients during the quarantine.

Results
According to the assessment of the SF-36 scale, the physiological and psychological health status of PD patients was better than that before quarantine (P < 0.05). According to the comparison of biochemical indices, the high-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol and body mass index (BMI) levels were lower in patients after quarantine than before quarantine, while the blood phosphorus, blood calcium and haemoglobin levels were greater after quarantine (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that health changes were positively correlated with age of penetration (years) (OR = 1.031, 95% CI = 1.005–1.058); however, physiological function was negatively correlated with sex (OR = 0.198, 95% CI = 0.044–0.899). Energy was significantly positively correlated with closed-loop time (OR = 1.063, 95% CI = 1.001–1.128) (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in biochemical indices or quality of life between APD patients and non-APD patients (P > 0.05). According to the results of the abstract independent sample T test, when comparing the various dimensions of the SF-36 scale, for the dimensions of physiological function, pain and energy, the PD patients were better than the HD patients were (P < 0.05). Similarly, for the dimension of physiological function, the HD patients were better than the PD patients were (P < 0.05). During the quarantine period from April to May in Shanghai, the infection rate of PD patients was lower than usual (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
During the Omicron pandemic in Shanghai in 2022, PD patients exhibited relatively stable psychological and physiological states and a low infection rate. Compared with HD patients, PD patients had better adaptability. Especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, peritoneal dialysis has more advantages.
The development of reading comprehension ability of Chinese Heritage Language (CHL) learners in Indonesia
Authors: Zhou Qinling , Du Fengjiao , Lu Yueli , Wang Hanwei , Herman  , Yang Shunzhi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the evolution of reading comprehension abilities in Indonesian learners of the Chinese Heritage Language (CHL), by comparing their scores on the Chinese Proficiency Test, a test specifically designed for CHL learners. A total of 275 candidates, divided into early adolescent (Mage = 13.56), late adolescent (Mage = 15.78), and adult (Mage = 22.83) groups, were evaluated on four dimensions of reading comprehension: orthographic knowledge, vocabulary knowledge, syntactic awareness, and discourse comprehension. A detailed cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of these four dimensions was conducted across the three groups. The results indicate that horizontally, the order of the four dimensions is orthographic knowledge > vocabulary knowledge > syntactic awareness > discourse comprehension, with significant differences observed in all dimensions. During adolescence, orthographic knowledge is significantly higher than vocabulary knowledge, while in adulthood, vocabulary knowledge is significantly higher than syntactic awareness, and syntactic awareness is significantly higher than discourse comprehension. Longitudinally, reading comprehension abilities appear to stall across adolescence in three dimensions (vocabulary knowledge, syntactic awareness, and discourse comprehension), with a decline in one dimension (orthographic knowledge) occurring in late adolescence. However, the adult group shows improvement in all four dimensions compared to the late adolescence group. Considering both longitudinal and cross-sectional results, the developmental order of reading skills in Indonesian CHL learners is orthographic knowledge, vocabulary knowledge, syntactic awareness, and discourse comprehension. The main developmental peak for orthographic knowledge to vocabulary knowledge occurs in adolescence, while the major developmental peak for vocabulary knowledge to syntactic awareness and for syntactic awareness to discourse comprehension occurs in adulthood. The results suggest that reading comprehension improves significantly upon reaching adulthood in Indonesian. By understanding the trajectory of reading comprehension abilities in Indonesian CHL learners, this study can provide effective suggestions for Indonesian CHL learners and educators, and may also serve as a reference for other heritage languages.
Use of contraceptives and associated factors among male adolescents in rural secondary schools, Coast Region, Tanzania: a school-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Lyimo Ally Abdul , Guo Jia , Mushy Stella Emmanuel , Mwilike Beatrice Erastus 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundTeenage pregnancy is still one of the reproductive health concerns facing adolescents in Tanzania. The problem has been associated with physiological, psychological, and social changes and increases the risk of unsafe abortion and adverse maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes among adolescents. Low utilization of contraceptive methods among adolescents is one of the key causes. The strategy of involving male adolescents in sexual and reproductive health programs can increase the rate of contraceptive use among adolescents, thereby preventing teenage pregnancy.ObjectiveTo examine factors associated with the uptake of contraceptives among male secondary school adolescent students.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study conducted in rural secondary schools in Kisarawe District, Coast Region, Tanzania. Multi-stage sampling methods were used to recruit participants. Descriptive and multiple regression analyses were conducted to assess the prevalence and factors associated with contraceptive use. 95% confidence interval andp-value < 0.05 were considered statistical significance. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were tested for the Crude Odds Ratio (COR) and Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) respectively.ResultsThe study involved 422 male students with the majority of them 58.1% aged 17–19 years, 50.2% were Muslim, 76.3% were studying in government schools, 62.3% were from households size of 4–6 members, 87.4% were not in a relationship, and 64.2% were living with both parents. Less than half (38.9%) of male students reported ever having sex in their lifetime, and among them, very few (29.8%) used any method of contraceptive. The reported lowest age for the first sex was 10 years. The male condom was the most method used (69.4%) and Pharmacy/Chemist Shops were the common source of contraceptive services (55.1%). Students who had adequate knowledge of contraceptives were more likely to report the use of contraceptive methods compared to those who had inadequate knowledge (AOR = 2.704, 95% CI: 1.220–5.995,p = 0.014). Participants in Private schools were 4.3 times more likely to report the use of contraceptives than those in government schools (AOR = 4.347, 95% CI: 1.758–10.762,p = 0.01). Students in a relationship were 3.5 times more likely than those not in a relationship to report the use of a contraceptive method (AOR = 3.51, 95% CI: 1.421–8.670,p = 0.006).ConclusionThe study found the low use of contraceptives among male adolescents who ever had sex in their lifetime. Thus, it’s suggested that age-tailored comprehensive sexual and reproductive health education should start to be taught from a very young age as adolescents initiate sex at an early age. Also, Teenage pregnancy prevention programs should involve males as the key players during the development and implementation of the program as most of the decisions among partners are from men.
The clinical value of preoperative 3D planning and 3D surgical guides for Imhäuser osteotomy in slipped capital femoral epipysis: a retrospective study
Authors: Lagerburg Vera , van den Boorn Michelle , Vorrink Sigrid , Amajjar Ihsane , Witbreuk Melinda M. E. H. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Accurate repositioning of the femoral head in patients with Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) undergoing Imhäuser osteotomy is very challenging. The objective of this study is to determine if preoperative 3D planning and a 3D-printed surgical guide improve the accuracy of the placement of the femoral head.

Methods
This retrospective study compared outcome parameters of patients who underwent a classic Imhäuser osteotomy from 2009 to 2013 with those who underwent an Imhäuser osteotomy using 3D preoperative planning and 3D-printed surgical guides from 2014 to 2021. The primary endpoint was improvement in Range of Motion (ROM) of the hip. Secondary outcomes were radiographic improvement (Southwick angle), patient-reported clinical outcomes regarding hip and psychosocial complaints assessed with two questionnaires and duration of surgery.

Results
In the 14 patients of the 3D group radiographic improvement was slightly greater and duration of surgery was slightly shorter than in the 7 patients of the classis Imhäuser group. No difference was found in the ROM, and patient reported clinical outcomes were slightly less favourable.

Conclusions
Surprisingly we didn’t find a significant difference between the two groups. Further research on the use of 3D planning an 3D-printed surgical guides is needed.

Trial registration
Approval for this study was obtained of the local ethics committees of both hospitals.