bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baculovirus transduction of chondrocytes elicits interferon‐α/β and suppresses transgene expression
Authors: Lee Hsiao‐Ping , Matsuura Yoshiharu , Chen Huang‐Chi , Chen Yen‐Lin , Chuang Ching‐Kuang , Abe Takayuki , Hwang Shiaw‐Min , Shiah Hsiao‐Chiao , Hu Yu‐Chen 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBackgroundBaculovirus is an effective vector for gene delivery into primary chondrocytes and repeated baculovirus transduction (i.e. supertransduction) appears to be promising for prolonging transgene expression, but how supertransduction may influence baculovirus‐mediated gene delivery is unknown.MethodsWe first investigated whether prior baculovirus transduction suppressed the ensuing transgene expression mediated by the supertransduced baculovirus, and then examined whether baculovirus triggered the expression of various cytokines. Whether interferon‐α and ‐β (IFN‐α/β) suppressed the transgene expression as well as the pivotal step responsible for the attenuated transgene expression were examined.ResultsBaculovirus transduction of chondrocytes elicited an immediate yet transient expression of IFN‐α/β, which repressed the transgene expression in a dose‐dependent manner. The attenuation was observed for transgene expression driven by different promoters and resulted neither from internalization or nuclear import of baculovirus. Moreover, the attenuation was alleviated if supertransduction was performed when IFN‐α/β responses diminished. Baculovirus transduction also triggered the expression of tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin (IL)‐6, but not IL‐1β. Despite the induction of these responses, supertransduction of chondrocytes with a baculovirus expressing bone morphogenetic protein‐2 successfully enhanced the chondrogenic differentiation and matrix synthesis.ConclusionsBaculovirus transduction of primary chondrocytes elicits antiviral effects that suppress transgene expression. Nonetheless, baculovirus supertransduction comprises a feasible approach to extend transgene expression for cartilage engineering. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simple setup for hybrid coherent Raman microspectroscopy
Authors: Peng Jiahui , Pestov Dmitry , Scully Marlan O. , Sokolov Alexei V. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe demonstrate a femtosecond‐oscillator‐based system for coherent anti‐Stokes/Stokes Raman scattering microscopy, wherein impulsive Raman excitation is combined with narrowband, time‐delayed, and therefore, background‐free probing. We show that this simple technique can be used for microscopic imaging with chemical contrast. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Four‐wave mixing spectroscopy of hydration layers in biopolymers and carbon nanotubes aqueous solutions
Authors: Bunkin A.F. , Pershin S.M. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe have studied the water spectrum modification in the presence of biomolecules (protein, DNA) and single wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) at low concentration, ∼10 mg/ml and ∼0.1 µg/ml respectively, by four‐wave mixing (FWM) spectroscopy in the ranges 0.1–10 cm−1 and 75–95 cm−1. A comparison of distilled water and aqueous solutions' FWM spectra shows a considerable growth in the intensity of low wavenumber Raman modes in solution. These modes are attributed to rotational transitions of H2O and H2O2 molecules. It was established that in the biopolymer's aqueous solutions the ortho‐isomer rotational lines' intensity increases by a factor of ∼6. In contrast, the para‐isomer's lines are considerably suppressed. In the SWNT suspension the spin‐selective interaction was not observed. The shifting of Brillouin resonances in the opposite direction in biomolecules and SWNT suspension in comparison with water was observed and discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vibrational study of A3In2B″O9 (A = Ba, Sr; B″ = U, W) double perovskites
Authors: Silva E. N. , Ayala A. P. , Guedes I. , Larregola S. A. , Pinacca R. M. , Viola M. del C. , Pedregosa J. C. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractRaman scattering and infrared transmittance techniques were used to investigate the room‐temperature phonon spectra of the polycrystalline Ba3In2UO9, Sr3In2UO9, Ba3In2WO9 and Sr3In2WO9 double perovskites. Although X‐ray diffraction has shown that both Ba3In2UO9 and Ba3In2WO9 crystallize in a disordered cubic (Pm3m − Oh1) structure with one formula unit per unit cell (Z = 1), Raman measurements revealed that both Ba3In2UO9 and Ba3In2WO9 compounds should exhibit a 1:1 ordered domains with Fm3m symmetry, embedded in the Pm3m matrix. Observation of a ν1‐like vibration of the InO6 octahedron reflects the occurrence of a two‐phonon‐like behavior due to the intrinsic occupational disorder at octahedral symmetry sites. Assignment of most of the Raman and infrared phonons is also given. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use of polymer fiber stationary phases for liquid chromatography separations: Part II – applications
Authors: Marcus R. Kenneth 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe idea of using polymer fibers as stationary phases for LC is not a new one. There are in fact a number of good reasons for which they should be considered. Presented here are a number of applications of polymer fiber stationary phases for chemical separations. Fibers placed in columns are employed in three basic formats: staple, whole fabrics, and aligned fibers. Natural and synthetic fibers have found use in a variety of chromatographic modes including RP, size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and IEC. Consistent among these examples are the ability to employ high mobile phase flow rates with minimal back pressures. The most promising applications are in the separation of macromolecules, where the mass transfer characteristics of the phases result in the ability to run at high linear velocities without penalty. This bodes well in particular for process applications.
Oxidative stress due to anesthesia and surgical trauma: Importance of early enteral nutrition
Authors: Kotzampassi Katerina , Kolios George , Manousou Pinelopi , Kazamias Pantelis , Paramythiotis Daniil , Papavramidis Theodosis S. , Heliadis Stavros , Kouroumalis Elias , Eleftheriadis Efthimios 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAnesthesia and surgical trauma are considered major oxidative and nitrosative stress effectors resulting in the development of SIRS. In this study we evaluated the usefulness of early enteral nutrition after surgical trauma. Sixty male Wistar rats were subjected to midline laparotomy and feeding‐gastrostomy. Twenty of these rats served as controls after recovering from the operation stress. The remaining rats received, through gastrostomy, enteral nutrition or placebo‐feeding for 24 h. Oxidative stress markers and CC chemokine production were evaluated in rat serum and liver tissue. The operation itself was found to increase nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and to decrease superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px), as well as liver tissue energy charge (EC) in relation to controls. The rats receiving enteral feeding exhibited statistically significantly lower levels of NO and MDA, and higher levels of SOD, GSH‐Px, and liver EC, in relation to placebo feeding rats. The operation significantly increased the chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)‐1 and regulated upon activation, normal T‐cell expressed, and secreted (RANTES) in rat serum, while enteral nutrition caused a further significant increase in chemokine levels in serum. mRNA chemokine expression in liver was increased in a similar pattern. These findings indicate that early enteral feeding might play an important role after surgery ameliorating oxidative stress, affecting positively the hepatic EC and regulating, via chemokine production, cell trafficking, and healing process.
Phytochemicals in olive‐leaf extracts and their antiproliferative activity against cancer and endothelial cells
Authors: Goulas Vlassios , Exarchou Vassiliki , Troganis Anastassios N. , Psomiadou Eleni , Fotsis Theodoros , Briasoulis Evangelos , Gerothanassis Ioannis P. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractOlive oil compounds is a dynamic research area because Mediterranean diet has been shown to protect against cardiovascular disease and cancer. Olive leaves, an easily available natural material of low cost, share possibly a similar wealth of health benefiting bioactive phytochemicals. In this work, we investigated the antioxidant potency and antiproliferative activity against cancer and endothelial cells of water and methanol olive leaves extracts and analyzed their content in phytochemicals using LC‐MS and LC‐UV‐SPE‐NMR hyphenated techniques. Olive‐leaf crude extracts were found to inhibit cell proliferation of human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF‐7), human urinary bladder carcinoma (T‐24) and bovine brain capillary endothelial (BBCE). The dominant compound of the extracts was oleuropein; phenols and flavonoids were also identified. These phytochemicals demonstrated strong antioxidant potency and inhibited cancer and endothelial cell proliferation at low micromolar concentrations, which is significant considering their high abundance in fruits and vegetables. The antiproliferative activity of crude extracts and phytochemicals against the cell lines used in this study is demonstrated for the first time.
Real‐time geometric distortion correction for interventional imaging with echo‐planar imaging (EPI)
Authors: Dragonu Iulius , de Senneville Baudouin Denis , Quesson Bruno , Moonen Chrit , Ries Mario 
Published: February 2009

AbstractMany MR‐guided interventional procedures rely on fast imaging sequences for providing images in real‐time with a precise relation between the target position in the image and its true position. Echo‐planar imaging (EPI) methods are very fast but prone to geometric distortions. Here, we propose a correction method designed for real‐time conditions, adapting existing approaches based on dual EPI acquisition with varying echo times. The method is demonstrated with MR‐thermometry for guiding thermal therapies. The proposed approach imposes a small penalty in acquisition speed but adds negligible latency to data processing, an important element for interventions of mobile organs. Magn Reson Med, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid volume measurements in the human brain at 3T with EPI
Authors: Bender Benjamin , Klose Uwe 
Published: February 2009

AbstractCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diffusion into periventricular white matter is one of the pathophysiological features of hydrocephalus of any kind. In standard clinical routine periventricular hyperintensities, size of the ventricular system, and invasive CSF pressure measurement are the key diagnostic methods. Recently a method called quantitative blood oxygenation level‐dependent (qBOLD) was proposed by He and Yablonskiy (Magn Reson Med 2007;57:115–126), which uses the signal evolution of a GESSE sequence to extract quantitative information about hemodynamic parameters. In this study a similar method was used to extract volume fraction information of CSF and interstitial fluid (ISF) in the human brain. A standard gradient recalled echo / echo planar imaging (GRE‐EPI) sequence with variable echo time was used for the acquisition of the MRI signal. A first test on healthy subjects yielded consistent results for ISF/CSF volume fraction, which were in good agreement with results found in the literature. Magn Reson Med, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of echo time on diffusion quantification of brain white matter at 1.5T and 3.0T
Authors: Qin Wen , Shui Yu Chun , Zhang Fan , Du Xiang Ying , Jiang Heng , Xia Yan Yu , Cheng Li Kun 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe aim was to investigate the effects of echo time (TE) on diffusion quantification of brain white matter. Seven rhesus monkeys (all males; age, 4–6 years; weight, 5–7 kg) underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) with a series of TEs in 1.5T and 3.0T MR scanners. The mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), primary (λ1), and transverse eigenvalues (λ23) were measured in a region of interest at the bilateral internal capsule. Pearson correlation showed that the FA and λ1 increased and λ23 decreased with TE both at 1.5T and 3.0T except for the MD. Repeated measurement analysis of variance (ANOVA) also showed significantly higher FA and lower MD and λ23 at 3.0T than those at 1.5T (P < 0.01), but no statistical differences were found in λ1 between these two field strengths (P = 0.709). These findings implied that TE and field strength might influence diffusion quantification in brain white matter. Magn Reson Med, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Deep vein thrombosis using noncontrast‐enhanced MR venography with electrocardiographically gated three‐dimensional half‐fourier FSE: Preliminary experience
Authors: Ono Atsushi , Murase Kenya , Taniguchi Toshitaka , Shibutani Osamu , Takata Satoru , Kobashi Yasuyuki , Miyazaki Mitsue 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThree noncontrast‐enhanced MR venography techniques are presented for assessing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) at 0.5T in patients with metallic implants. Two cardiac‐gated 3D half‐Fourier FSE fresh blood imaging sequences with flow‐refocusing pulses (FR‐FBI) in the read‐out (RO) direction and without FR pulses (non‐FR‐FBI) were developed for slower‐flowing blood. For faster flowing blood, a swap phase‐encode arterial double‐subtraction elimination (SPADE) technique was developed. The three techniques were assessed both quantitatively using signal‐to‐noise (SNR) and contrast‐noise‐ratio (CNR) measurements and qualitatively by subjective image analysis in 15 volunteers. SPADE was compared to FR‐FBI in the pelvic veins and FR‐FBI was compared to non‐FR‐FBI in the thigh and calf veins. Both SPADE and FR‐FBI techniques produced significantly higher SNRs, CNRs, and image quality in each comparative study (P < 0.001). Five patients with metallic implants and confirmed DVT underwent SPADE (pelvic veins) and FR‐FBI (thigh and calf veins) examinations and the results were compared to conventional venography. The SPADE and FR‐FBI images showed all DVTs from all five patients without interference from implant susceptibility artifacts. The excellent image quality produced by both SPADE and FR‐FBI throughout peripheral vasculature demonstrates their promise for detecting DVT in postsurgery patients. Magn Reson Med, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Myelin water measurement in the spinal cord
Authors: Minty Evan P. , Bjarnason Thorarin A. , Laule Cornelia , MacKay Alex L. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe desire to monitor the spatial–temporal characteristics of myelination in the spinal cord (SC), in the context of pathological change in demyelinating diseases or proposed neuroregenerative protocols, has led to an interest in noninvasive image‐based myelin measurement methods. We present one strategy: a magnetic resonance‐based measure that capitalizes on the characteristics of T2 relaxation of water compartmentalized within tissue. In this study, 32‐echo relaxation studies for measuring the myelin water fraction (MWF) were applied in healthy control SC in vivo using a sagittal inversion recovery multiecho sequence, and findings were supported with supplemental studies in bovine SC samples in vitro. Mean human MWF varied according the level of the SC examined: cervical, thoracic, and lumbar MWF was found to be 21.8 (SD = 2.1)%, 24.3 (3.6)%, and 11.4 (6.4)%, respectively. Noteworthy reductions were observed in areas consistent with the expected locations of the cervical and lumbar enlargements. Average bovine MWF was 30.0 (2.7)% in white matter and 8.2 (0.4)% in gray matter. The potential applications of T2 measurement in SC, both in characterizing disease processes like multiple sclerosis and in monitoring neuroregenerative therapies, should encourage future research in this area. Magn Reson Med, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence of Gauss and Gauss‐Lobatto quadrature rules on the accuracy of a quadrilateral finite element method in the time domain
Authors: Durufle M. , Grob P. , Joly P. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this article, we examine the influence of numerical integration on finite element methods using quadrilateral or hexahedral meshes in the time domain. We pay special attention to the use of Gauss‐Lobatto points to perform mass lumping for any element order. We provide some theoretical results through several error estimates that are completed by various numerical experiments. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2009
Preparation of composite polyacrylate latex particles with in situ‐formed methylsilsesquioxane cores
Authors: Li Baiyu , Zhang Shenjing , Xu Qing , Wang Bin 
Published: February 2009

AbstractComposite polyacrylate latex particles were prepared through a simple method by dissolving organosilicon monomer methyltrimethoxysilane in a monomer mixture of acrylic monomers methyl methacrylate (MMA), n‐butyl acrylate (n‐BA), and acrylic acid (AA). With the addition of water needed for hydrolysis, methyltrimethoxylsilane hydrolyzed under catalysis by AA and further condensed to form polymeric methylsilsesquioxane (MSQ). The monomer mixture containing in situ‐formed MSQ was then subjected to emulsification and emulsion polymerization. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that the obtained latex particles had a core–shell structure. Differences between the X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results of the contents of silicon atoms on surfaces of films formed at temperatures above and below glass transition temperatures (Tgs) of polyacrylate evidenced that the cores were made up of MSQ and the shells were made up of polyacrylate. The static water contact angle measurements indicated that the incorporation of MSQ can result in composite latex with higher hydrophobicity. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ex vivo‐expanded donor CD4+ lymphocyte infusion against relapsing neuroblastoma: A transient graft‐versus‐tumor effect
Authors: Yoshida Hisao , Kusuki Shigenori , Hashii Yoshiko , Ohta Hideaki , Morio Tomohiro , Ozono Keiichi 
Published: February 2009

AbstractHigh‐risk neuroblastoma has a poor prognosis despite multimodal treatment including high‐dose chemotherapy. A 7‐year‐old male with neuroblastoma received ex vivo‐expanded donor CD4+ T lymphocyte infusion (CD4+ DLI) after recurrence in the bone marrow following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from his HLA‐identical mother. The disease transiently responded to CD4+ DLI with reduction of tumor cells and a decrease of serum neuron‐specific enolase. The response was associated with development of continued high fever and an increase of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in peripheral blood. This case suggests a possibility of a graft‐versus‐tumor effect against neuroblastoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;52:895–897. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reducing loss of resin flowing in porous fibrous media in simulation of composites fabrication
Authors: Joshi Sunil C. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAlthough, the conventional finite element nodal control volume (FE/NCV) simulation procedure for resin flow through porous fibrous media is very versatile, easy, and requires no remeshing, it does lead to the loss of flowing resin mass within a porous domain. The reasons behind such mass loss are identified and systematically analyzed. Limitations of the existing practices adopted in numerical simulation that mitigate this effect to a certain extent are identified. Two numerical models namely, the subcontrol volume model and the flow correction model, were proposed and developed to improve the mass balance. The subcontrol volume model improved the results with a little increase in computational efforts. The flow correction model completely eliminated the mass loss problem. The studies were conducted on two‐ as well as three‐dimensional preforms to confirm the accuracy and reliability of these numerical models. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Theoretical investigation of the effect of NP‐10 concentration on the swelling behavior of AA‐NaAA/NP hydrogel
Authors: Wei Li , Jianli Wang , Lizhuang Zou , Shuquan Zhu 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA novel superabsorbent polymer (SAP), acrylic acid‐ sodium acrylate/polyoxyethylene (10) nonyl phenyl ether (AA‐NaAA/NP), was synthesized with ammonium persulfate (APS) as the initiator and N,N′‐methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as the crosslinker. The effects of the polyoxyethylene (10) nonyl phenyl ether (NP‐10) concentration on the properties of the SAP reaction solution were investigated. A hypothesis that the NP‐10 micelles effect on the polymer configuration was raised. A series of formulas were deduced to describe the hypothesis and the effect of NP‐10 concentration on the SAP swelling ratio. When the SAP was crosslinked by NP‐10 with m(MBA)/m(AA) 0.030% and by NP‐10 with m(MBA)/m(AA) 0.045%, the correlation coefficients of experimental results fitted by the deduced formulas were 0.9541 and 0.9547, respectively. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Fiber‐reinforced nanocomposite seismic isolators: Design and manufacturing
Authors: Khanlari Samaneh , Ashkezari Ghasem Dehghani , Kokabi Mehrdad , Kashani Mehdi Razzaghi 
Published: February 2009

AbstractFiber‐reinforced elastomeric isolator (FREI) is a new generation of seismic isolation device in which steel plates are replaced by fiber reinforcement. The essential characteristic of the elastomeric isolator is a very large ratio of the vertical to horizontal stiffness. This is somehow provided in FREI by resembling to steel reinforced elastomeric isolators (SREI). In this work, a comparative experimental analysis is presented to evaluate the performance of fiber‐reinforced nanocomposite elastomeric isolator (FRNEI) with FREI. FRNEI was manufactured based on nanocomposite rubber compound. The results clearly indicate an increase of 20% in the ratio of the vertical to horizontal stiffness for FRNEI when compared with FREI. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Influence of carbon nanotube dispersion on the mechanical properties of phenolic resin composites
Authors: Mathur R.B. , Singh B.P. , Dhami T.L. , Kalra Y. , Lal N. , Rao R. , Rao A.M. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDespite the much touted mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes, composites reinforced with nanotubes have failed to achieve mechanical properties which rival those present in conventional fiber reinforced polymer composites. This article describes an attempt to bridge this gap. Multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were synthesized using a chemical vapor deposition method and were dispersed in phenolic resin by both the wet and dry dispersion techniques before molding into composite bars (50 × 5 × 3 mm3). Although no improvement in the mechanical properties of the MWCNT/phenolic composites was observed over the neat resin value when wet mixing dispersion was employed, an improvement of nearly 158% (160 MPa as compared with 62 MPa for neat resin) was achieved in 5 vol% MWCNT containing phenolic resin prepared by the dry mixing. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Investigation of a simple tensorial permeameter
Authors: Brennan Kelly , Straka Bryce , Walrath David 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA device to measure permeability tensors of aligned circular cylinder arrays was designed and tested. Experiments were performed on arrays having solid volume fractions ranging from 0.3 to 0.7, inclusive. Array structures had 60° (hexagonal), 70°, and 90° (square) angles of symmetry. Results for transverse flow across the cylinder arrays were in strong agreement with numerical predictions. Transverse permeability values were also shown to obey tensor transformation rules. Longitudinal test results indicated that transverse flow was present during the experiments, lowering measured permeability values. The influence of longitudinal permeability on the overall tensor was shown to be substantially larger than variations in the transverse permeability values. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers