bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review of Workplace Rehabilitation Interventions for Work-Related Low Back Pain
Authors: Williams Renee M. , Westmorland Muriel G. , Lin Chia-Yu , Schmuck Gloria , Creen Marg 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis article describes the process and outcome of a systematic review that evaluated the effectiveness of workplace rehabilitation interventions for work-related low back pain (LBP). Between 1982 and 2005 CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE and AMED databases were searched for studies of interventions that were provided at the workplace for workers with LBP. Using methodological quality appraisal 5 reviewers scrutinised the articles. A total of 1224 articles were reviewed and 15 articles, consisting of 10 studies, were deemed of sufficient quality to be included. The best evidence was clinical interventions with occupational interventions, as well as early return to work/modified work interventions, were effective in returning workers to work earlier, reducing pain and disability, and decreasing the rate of back injuries. Ergonomic interventions were also found to be effective workplace interventions.
Corporate Integration Agreements and Their Function in Disability Management
Authors: Niehaus Mathilde , Bernhard Dorte 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe idea of corporate integration of people with disabilities, who often have become impaired in the course of their working career, has been reinforced by the German Social Code Book IX. With the implementation of the Section 83 and 84.2, preventive approaches such as integration agreements have put the emphasis on the role of social partners in the disability management process, that is, on to the employers' representative, the representative body of the disabled employees and the Works Council. A sectoral case study of the automotive industry, funded by the German government, was conducted to evaluate the integration agreement, using both quantitative and qualitative data. This article explores the goal-setting function of the integration agreement and its role in the management process.
Early Work-Related Interventions in a Medical Rehabilitation Setting
Authors: van Lierop Brigitte A.G. , Nijhuis Frans 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEarly work-related interventions are extremely difficult when an employee is on long-term absence and in medical rehabilitation because of a severe illness or injury. The role of the medical rehabilitation setting is often focused on care and cure; there is little focus on work and work resumption. In this respect health care can hinder employees in their work resumption and in their focus on work. In this study, an intervention was undertaken to increase the focus on return to work in the medical rehabilitation setting with the aim of an integrated approach to return to work. The intervention was carried out in eight rehabilitation settings. During implementation, four different organisational models related to the return-to-work activities were recognised, varying from an integration of return-to-work activities within medical rehabilitation to a complete separation of the medical rehabilitation and the return-to-work activities. Every centre reported an increase of work-related activities and an increase in the return-to-work rate of employees was found.
Jørgensen's inequality for metric spaces with application to the octonions
Authors: Markham Sarah , Parker John R 
Published: February 2007

Abstract
Jørgensen's inequality gives a necessary condition for the discreteness of a non-elementary group of isometries of hyperbolic 3-space. The main idea of the proof may be generalised widely but the statement is quite specialised. Here we give a scheme for restating Jørgensen's inequality for Möbius transformations of a metric space. This unifies many previously published versions of Jørgensen's inequality. We then show how this scheme may be applied by giving a version of Jørgensen's inequality for the octonionic hyperbolic plane.
Multiple farthest points on Alexandrov surfaces
Authors: Vîlcu Costin , Zamfirescu Tudor 
Published: February 2007

Abstract
The farthest point mapping on compact surfaces, associating to each point x of the surface the set of absolute maxima of the intrinsic distance from x, is for some surfaces single-valued and a homeomorphism, while for other surfaces it is not single-valued, and not surjective. These two big classes are not very well understood. For instance it is still unknown whether, say in the convex case, the second class is dense. For a C2 metric on both surfaces and the space of surfaces, the first class has, however, nonempty interior. We describe various properties of the sets of critical points, and of relative and absolute maxima of distance functions, and find several connections between them. We see for example that, on smooth surfaces homeomorphic to S2, a point cannot be critical with respect to more than one other point. Sufficient conditions for a surface to belong to the second class will be formulated and a particular Tannery surface belonging to the boundary of both classes will be presented.
Lower bounds for the first eigenvalue of the p-Laplace operator on compact manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature
Authors: Zhang Huichun 
Published: February 2007

Abstract
We present some lower bound estimates for the first eigenvalue of p-Laplace operators on compact Riemannian manifolds with quasi-positive (or nonnegative) Ricci curvature in terms of diameter of the manifolds. For compact manifolds with boundary, we consider the Dirichlet eigenvalue problem with some proper hypothesis.
Placental transfer of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA)
Authors: Koletzko Berthold , Larqué Elvira , Demmelmair Hans 
Published: February 2007

AbstractConsiderable evidence exists for marked beneficial effects of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) during pregnancy. The omega-3 LC-PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is incorporated in large amounts in fetal brain and other tissues during the second half of pregnancy, and several studies have provided evidence for a link between early DHA status of the mother and visual and cognitive development of her child after birth. Moreover, the supplementation of omega-3 LC-PUFA during pregnancy increases slightly infant size at birth, and significantly reduces early preterm birth before 34 weeks of gestation by 31%. In our studies using stable isotope methodologyin vivo, we demonstrated active and preferential materno-fetal transfer of DHA across the human placenta and found the expression of human placental fatty acid binding and transport proteins. From the correlation of DHA values with placental fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP 4), we conclude that this protein is of key importance in mediating DHA transport across the human placenta. Given the great importance of placental DHA transport for infant outcome, further studies are needed to fully appreciate the effects and optimal strategies of omega-3 fatty acid interventions in pregnancy, dose response relationships, and the potential differences between subgroups of subjects such as women with gestational diabetes or other gestational pathology. Such studies should contribute to optimize substrate intake during pregnancy and lactation that may improve pregnancy outcome as well as fetal growth and development.
Consumption of ω3-fatty acids during perinatal life: role in immuno-modulation and allergy prevention
Authors: Blümer Nicole , Renz Harald 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEpidemiological data suggest that dietary factors may have a role in recent increases of the prevalence of allergic diseases. One food-related component might be the reduced consumption of ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acids observed especially in the Western societies; yet, clinical trials supplementing ω3-fatty acids to adults with established allergies and bronchial asthma have generally been disappointing. However, it is known that the immature immune system is highly susceptible to immuno-modulatory environmental conditions particularly in the pre- and postnatal period. This review discusses the immuno-modulatory effects of ω3-fatty acids supplementation in the perinatal life phase on the immune system of the child. Evidence exists that perinatal ω3-fatty acid exposure affects T-cells and antigen presenting cells of the neonates likely due to altered eicosanoid metabolism. Although animal experiments strongly suggest a role of maternal ω3-fatty acid intake on allergic immune responses in the offspring, the beneficial effect of ω3-fatty acid supplementation has been studied in a small number of clinical trials. In these studies perinatal supplementation had some positive effects on distinct clinical phenotypes of the atopic syndrome. However, more studies are needed to fully explore the opportunity of perinatal immuno-modulation.
Role of omega 3-fatty acids and multivitamins in gestation
Authors: Hösli Irene , Zanetti-Daellenbach Rosanna , Holzgreve Wolfgang , Lapaire Olav 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThere is a rising interest in a balanced and varied women's diet not only preconceptionally but also during pregnancy and in the breastfeeding period in order to reduce fetal, neonatal, and maternal risks. A decreased intake of omega 3-fatty acids (FA) or deficiencies of micronutrients are a global health problem, not only in developing countries, where micronutrient-rich food and fortified aliments are often not available, and also in the industrialized world. In contrast to data about the daily periconceptionally intake of folate acid that has been shown to reduce substantially the occurrence and recurrence of neural tube defects (NTD), the benefit of other micronutrients is less determinant.Deficiencies of omega 3-FA may be a contributing factor for severe complications in pregnancy and postpartum. A meta-analysis for the role of omega 3-FA in preeclampsia and maternal postpartum depression is less consistent, some meta-view's results differ substantially or are even contradictory to large observational studies. Further well-designed studies are warranted. A personal interview and counseling concerning the daily diet should be integrated in the preconceptional and in the antenatal care and an individual supplementation should be offered, if indicated.
Evaluation of Sca-1 and c-Kit As Selective Markers for Muscle Remodelling by Nonhemopoietic Bone Marrow Cells
Authors: Wong Sharon H.A. , Lowes Kym N. , Bertoncello Ivan , Quigley Anita F. , Simmons Paul J. , Cook Mark J. , Kornberg Andrew J. , Kapsa Robert M.I. 
Published: February 2007

Abstract
Bone marrow (BM)-derived cells (BMCs) have demonstrated a myogenic tissue remodeling capacity. However, because the myoremodeling is limited to approximately 1%–3% of recipient muscle fibers in vivo, there is disagreement regarding the clinical relevance of BM for therapeutic application in myodegenerative conditions. This study sought to determine whether rare selectable cell surface markers (in particular, c-Kit) could be used to identify a BMC population with enhanced myoremodeling capacity. Dystrophic mdx muscle remodeling has been achieved using BMCs sorted by expression of stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1). The inference that Sca-1 is also a selectable marker associated with myoremodeling capacity by muscle-derived cells prompted this study of relative myoremodeling contributions from BMCs (compared with muscle cells) on the basis of expression or absence of Sca-1. We show that myoremodeling activity does not differ in cells sorted solely on the basis of Sca-1 from either muscle or BM. In addition, further fractionation of BM to a more mesenchymal-like cell population with lineage markers and CD45 subsequently revealed a stronger selectability of myoremodeling capacity with c-Kit/Sca-1 (p &lt; .005) than with Sca-1 alone. These results suggest that c-Kit may provide a useful selectable marker that facilitates selection of cells with an augmented myoremodeling capacity derived from BM and possibly from other nonmuscle tissues. In turn, this may provide a new methodology for rapid isolation of myoremodeling capacities from muscle and nonmuscle tissues.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Identification of Long-Term Repopulating Potential of Human Cord Blood-Derived CD34−flt3− Severe Combined Immunodeficiency-Repopulating Cells by Intra-Bone Marrow Injection
Authors: Kimura Takafumi , Asada Rumiko , Wang Jianfeng , Kimura Takashi , Morioka Miho , Matsui Kazuo , Kobayashi Katsuya , Henmi Kae , Imai Shiro , Kita Masakazu , Tsuji Takashi , Sasaki Yutaka , Ikehara Susumu , Sonoda Yoshiaki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecently, we have identified human cord blood (CB)-derived CD34-negative (CD34−) severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)-repopulating cells (SRCs) using the intra-bone marrow injection (IBMI) method (Blood 2003;101:2924). In contrast to murine CD34− Kit+Sca-1+Lineage− (KSL) cells, human CB-derived Lin−CD34− cells did not express detectable levels of c-kit by flow cytometry. In this study, we have investigated the function of flt3 in our identified human CB-derived CD34− SRCs. Both CD34+flt3+/− cells showed SRC activity. In the CD34− cell fraction, only CD34−flt3− cells showed distinct SRC activity by IBMI. Although CD34+flt3+ cells showed a rather weak secondary repopulating activity, CD34+flt3− cells repopulated many more secondary recipient mice. However, CD34−flt3− cells repopulated all of the secondary recipients, and the repopulating rate was much higher. Next, we cocultured CD34−flt3− cells with the murine stromal cell line HESS-5. After 1 week, significant numbers of CD34+flt3+/− cells were generated, and they showed distinct SRC activity. These results indicated that CB-derived CD34−flt3− cells produced CD34+flt3− as well as CD34+flt3+ SRCs in vitro. The present study has demonstrated for the first time that CB-derived CD34− SRCs, like murine CD34− KSL cells, do not express flt3. On the basis of these data, we propose that the immunophenotype of very primitive long-term repopulating human hematopoietic stem cells is Lin−CD34−c-kit−flt3−.Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Effects of Physical Training on Functional Status in Patients With Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Chiang Ling-Ling , Wang Li-Ying , Wu Chin-Pyng , Wu Huey-Dong , Wu Ying-Tai 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground and Purpose. Patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) are frequently deconditioned because of respiratory failure precipitated by the underlying disease, the adverse effects of medications, and a period of prolonged immobilization. The effects of 6 weeks of physical training on the strength of respiratory and limb muscles, on ventilator-free time, and on functional status in patients requiring PMV were examined. Subjects. Thirty-nine patients with PMV were initially enrolled in the study and were assigned to either a treatment group (n=20) or a control group (n=19). Three subjects in the treatment group and 4 subjects in the control group died during the 6-week intervention period and thus their data were excluded from the final analysis. Methods. Subjects in the treatment group received physical training 5 days a week for 6 weeks. Strength of respiratory and limb muscles, ventilator-free time, and functional status, which was measured by the Barthel Index of Activities of Daily Living (BI) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM), were examined at baseline and at the third and sixth weeks of the study period. Results. Respiratory and limb muscle strength improved significantly at the third and sixth weeks in the treatment group compared with baseline measurements. Total BI and FIM scores increased significantly in the treatment group and remained unchanged in the control group. Effect sizes of the BI and FIM scores were 2.02 and 1.93, respectively, at the sixth week. Discussion and Conclusion. The results show that a 6-week physical training program may improve limb muscle strength and ventilator-free time and thus improve functional outcomes in patients requiring PMV. [Chiang LL, Wang LY, Wu CP, et al. Effects of physical training on functional status in patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation. Phys Ther. 2006;86:1271–1281.]
Combined Use of Repetitive Task Practice and an Assistive Robotic Device in a Patient With Subacute Stroke
Authors: Frick Ellen M , Alberts Jay L 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground and Purpose. This case report describes a training program comprising repetitive task practice (RTP) and robotic therapy for a patient with subacute stroke and resultant impaired upper-extremity function. Case Description. A 63-year-old man with right-sided hemiplegia resulting from a hemorrhagic stroke received a combined intervention of RTP and robotic therapy for 4 hours per day for 3 weeks. Clinical and kinetic evaluations were performed before and after intervention. Outcomes. Following the combined intervention, clinical improvements in hand function were observed, maximum grip force decreased slightly, and interlimb coupling decreased. Discussion. An intervention of RTP with robotic therapy may be an effective method to improve upper-extremity function following stroke. Furthermore, the case suggests that improvements in strength are not necessary for improved dexterous function, provided that a minimal level of strength is present.
Are Teaching Principles Associated With Improved Motor Performance in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder? A Pilot Study
Authors: Niemeijer Anuschka S , Schoemaker Marina M , Smits-Engelsman Bouwien CM 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground and Purpose. Physical therapists' teaching skills often are disregarded in research studies. We examined whether the use of different teaching principles during neuromotor task training was associated with treatment effects. Subjects. Nineteen children (mean age=7 years 5 months, range=5–10 years) who had developmental coordination disorder and who performed below the 15th percentile on the age-related Movement Assessment Battery for Children (M-ABC) and 11 physical therapists participated in the study. Methods. One intervention session for each child was videotaped. The frequency of the use of principles included in the motor teaching principles taxonomy (Niemeijer et al, 2003) was correlated with changes in motor performance on the M-ABC and the second edition of the Test of Gross Motor Development. Results. Providing clues on how to perform a task, asking children about a task, and explaining why a movement should be executed in a certain way were related to better movement performance. Discussion and Conclusion. Teaching principles may be associated with success in therapeutic situations.
Muscle Impairments and Behavioral Factors Mediate Functional Limitations and Disability Following Stroke
Authors: LeBrasseur Nathan K , Sayers Stephen P , Ouellette Michelle M , Fielding Roger A 
Published: February 2007

Abstract
Background and Purpose. Stroke remains the leading cause of disability in the United States. The purposes of this study were to examine whether quantitative measures of muscle strength and power in the involved lower extremity predict functional limitations and to evaluate the contributions of behavioral factors to mediating disability and quality of life in people who have survived a stroke. Subjects and Methods. A cross-sectional study design was used, and measurements of muscle impairment, lower-body function, disability, quality of life, and behavioral factors were obtained for 31 community-dwelling volunteers who had experienced a single ischemic stroke in the past 6 to 24 months. Results. Stepwise regression models including impairment and behavioral measures were strong predictors of function, disability, and quality of life. Involved-extremity muscle strength and power and self-efficacy were independently associated with function, whereas depression and self-efficacy were strong predictors of disability and quality of life. Discussion and Conclusion. The findings warrant future studies to determine whether interventions that address muscle strength and power, depressive symptoms, and low self-efficacy effectively improve function, reduce disability, and enhance quality of life in people who have survived a stroke.
Effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Ankle Swelling in the Early Period After Ankle Sprain
Authors: Man Ivy OW , Morrissey Matthew C , Cywinski Jozef K 
Published: February 2007

Background and PurposeNeuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is frequently used to decrease swelling in the early period after ankle sprain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate its effectiveness in this treatment.SubjectsThirty-four subjects (11 female, 23 male; mean age=30.2 years) who were recovering from ankle sprain participated.MethodsOutcome measures were ankle-foot volume, ankle girth, and self-assessed ankle function. Three testing raining sessions occurred within 5 days of injury. Subjects were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: a group that received NMES treatment, a group that received submotor ES treatment (designed to act as a control group), and a group that received sham treatment.ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences among the groups for ankle-foot volume and self-assessed ankle function. The statistically significant differences for ankle girth may have been compromised due to the significantly different values among groups at baseline. Ankle girth measurements were shown to be statistically significant from session 1 to session 3 for the NMES group but not for the other 2 groups.Discussion and ConclusionThe results indicate that NMES, as designed and used in this study, is not effective in decreasing ankle-foot volume or increasing self-assessed ankle function in the early period after ankle sprain.
Reliability, Sensitivity to Change, and Responsiveness of the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales–Second Edition for Children With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Wang Hsiang-Hui , Liao Hua-Fang , Hsieh Ching-Lin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground and Purpose. The psychometric properties of the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales–Second Edition (PDMS-2), a revised motor test to assess both gross motor and fine motor composites in children with cerebral palsy (CP), are largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the test-retest reliability and the responsiveness of the PDMS-2 for children with CP. Subjects. A sample of 32 children who had CP (age=27–64 months) and who received intervention participated in this study. Methods. The PDMS-2 was administered to each child 3 times (at the beginning of the study, at 1 week, and at 3 months later) by a physical therapist. The agreement between the first 2 measurements was used to examine the reliability. The change between the first and the third measurements was used to examine the responsiveness. Results. The composite scores on the PDMS-2 had good test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient=.88–1.00). The sensitivity-to-change coefficients ranged from 1.6 to 2.1, and the responsiveness coefficients ranged from 1.7 to 2.3. Discussion and Conclusion. Our results provide strong evidence that the 3 composites of the PDMS-2 had high test-retest reliability and acceptable responsiveness. The PDMS-2 can be used as an evaluative motor measure for children with CP and aged 2 to 5 years.