bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plant compartment niche is more important in structuring the fungal community associated with alpine herbs in the subnival belt of the Qiangyong glacier than plant species
Authors: Sonam Wangchen , Liu Yongqin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe plant compartment niche (i.e., the host plant provides various microhabitats for the microbial community, such as the rhizosphere, root endosphere, leaf endosphere, and phylloplane) and plant species play a significant role in shaping the plant-associated microbial community assembly. However, in the mycobiome associated with alpine herbs in the subnival belt research, little work has been done to assess the contribution of plant compartment niches and plant species to fungal community variation and to reveal the plant compartment niche differentiation of fungal communities. In this study, we quantified the fungal communities associated with the rhizosphere soil, root endospheres, and leaf endospheres of three alpine herbs (Rheum spiciforme, Eriophyton wallichii, and Rhodiola bupleuroides) in the subnival belt of the Qiangyong glacier using high-throughput DNA sequencing. Our results revealed that the variation in diversity and composition of the fungal community was predominantly shaped by plant compartment niche rather than plant species. Rhizosphere soil exhibited the highest level of fungal diversity and niche breadth, while the lowest level was observed in the leaf endosphere. The fungal community composition significantly differed across different plant compartment niches. Fungal co-occurrence networks of the root endosphere and leaf endosphere were more complex and showed higher centrality and connectedness than the rhizosphere soil. Moreover, we also found that the deterministic process governed the fungal community assembly, and the host plant exerts stronger selection pressure on the leaf endophytes in comparison with the root endophytes. The root endophytes are the primary potential contributors to the leaf endophytes, compared with the fungal community associated with rhizosphere soil. Further, the Pleosporaceae, Davidiellaceae, and Chaetomiaceae were significantly enriched and overlapped in two plant compartment niches (root endosphere and leaf endosphere). Collectively, this study reveals that the variation in the diversity and composition of fungal communities associated with three alpine herbs were primarily affected by plant compartment niches rather than plant species. Additionally, this study also reveals that the diversity, composition, co-occurrence pattern, and assembly process of fungal communities associated with three alpine herbs exhibited plant compartment niche differentiation. These results provide a novel insight into the community assembly and ecological interactions of fungal communities associated with plants in harsh environments.
Plant-associated bacteria and enzymes support Canavalia rosea growth in coastal hypersaline soils
Authors: Mbonambi Sithabile , Motsomane Nqobile , Ramdhani Syd , Pérez-Fernández María A. , Magadlela Anathi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCanavalia rosea is an extremophilic legume that grows in hypersaline and nutrient-deficient ecosystems. The extremophilic nature of C. rosea may be attributed to its ability to establish symbiotic associations with nutrient mineralizing and plant growth promoting (PGP) bacteria housed in the nodules. This study examined legume-microbe symbiosis and plant nutrition of C. rosea growing in subtropical coastal zone in KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa. Canavalia rosea adult plants of the same age from Westbrook, Scottburgh and Durban were collected for plant biomass and plant nutrition and root nodules were used for bacterial extraction and identification. Rhizosphere soils sampled from the three localities were used for bacterial extraction and identification, extracellular enzyme assays and soil characteristics (pH, nutrient concentrations, total cation, and exchange acidity). Westbrook, Scottburgh and Durban soils were nutrient-deficient with varying total cations, acid saturation and a pH range of 7.3–7.6. Soil nutrient mineralizing extracellular enzyme activities varied across study sites. The culturable bacterial strains isolated from the sampled soils belonged to the Pseudomonas, Pantoea and Flavobacterium genera. Canavalia rosea root nodules were nodulated by Pseudomonas guariconensis, Pseudomonas fulva, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas chlororaphis and Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca. Plants growing in Westbrook soils had a significantly higher total plant biomass compared to Scottburgh and Durban plants. Plant P concentration did not vary significantly between sites while plant N and C concentrations varied significantly. Plant-associated and soil bacteria with phosphorus (P) solubilising, nitrogen (N) cycling, and N fixing functions and associated enzymes seem to facilitate the mobilization of nutrients enabling C. rosea to thrive in hypersaline and low-nutrient environments.
Bismuthene@ZnAlBi LDHs structure as a novel nanosorbent for efficient uptake of arsenic (V)
Authors: Hassan Saad S. M. , Mahmoud Mohamed E. , Tharwat Rana M. , Abdelfattah Amir M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTwo-dimensional bismuthene material is characterized with promising and superior optical, electrical and other characteristics. The application of 2D-bismuthene or its composites in water remediation of As(V) was not previously investigated. Consequently, embedded bismuthene into zinc aluminum bismuth-layered double hydroxide (ZnAlBi LDHs-embedded-Biene) was simply fabricated as a novel nanosorbent. Bismuthene (Biene) was prepared by bottom up hydrothermal reaction, while ZnAlBi LDHs was synthesized by a coprecipitation method followed by hydrothermal treatment process. Characterization of ZnAlBi LDHs-embedded-Biene referred to a crystalline mesoporous structure of globular particles with 5–8 nm. It was confirmed that the nanosorbent exterior surface is functionalized with metal oxides and metal oxyhydroxide, while exchangeable carbonate anion existed in the nanosorbent inner layer. Therefore, arsenate uptake was favored by both exterior electrostatic attraction and anion exchange processes. The highest uptake capacity of As(V) by ZnAlBi LDHs-embedded-Biene was detected at pH 3 and contact time 30 min providing 94.67% removal by using 5 mg L−1 As(V) concentration. The ionic strength factor proved a good selectivity of the nanosorbent toward As(V) ions. Thermodynamic behavior of interaction between As(V) and nanosorbent was emphasized as exothermic and spontaneous process, while the kinetic evaluation indicated that the pseudo-second order was the best-fitting expression. The application of ZnAlBi LDHs-embedded-Biene in the adsorptive uptake process of As(V) ions from various water samples referred to elevated uptake percentages as 93.29% and 90.52% by 5 mg L−1 and 10 mg L−1 As(V), respectively. The adsorbed As(V) onto ZnAlBi LDHs-embedded-Biene exhibited excellent recyclability and re-usage up to five cycles to affirm that the designed ZnAlBi LDHs-embedded-Biene has a great prospect for utilization in water purification from As(V).
Effect of radioprotective curtain length on the scattered dose rate distribution and endoscopist eye lens dose with an over-couch fluoroscopy system
Authors: Matsubara Kosuke , Nakajima Asuka , Hirosawa Ayaka , Yoshikawa Ryo , Ichikawa Nao , Fukushima Kotaro , Fukuda Atsushi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSufficient dose reduction may not be achieved if radioprotective curtains are folded. This study aimed to evaluate the scattered dose rate distribution and physician eye lens dose at different curtain lengths. Using an over-couch fluoroscopy system, dH*(10)/dt was measured using a survey meter 150 cm from the floor at 29 positions in the examination room when the curtain lengths were 0% (no curtain), 50%, 75%, and 100%. The absorbed dose rates in the air at the positions of endoscopist and assistant were calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation by varying the curtain length from 0 to 100%. The air kerma was measured by 10 min fluoroscopy using optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters at the eye surfaces of the endoscopist phantom and the outside and inside of the radioprotective goggles. At curtain lengths of 50%, 75%, and 100%, the ratios of dH*(10)/dt relative to 0% ranged from 80.8 to 104.1%, 10.5 to 61.0%, and 11.8 to 24.8%, respectively. In the simulation, the absorbed dose rates at the endoscopist’s and assistant’s positions changed rapidly between 55 and 75% and 65% and 80% of the curtain length, respectively. At the 0%, 50%, 75%, and 100% curtain lengths, the air kerma at the left eye surface of the endoscopist phantom was 237 ± 29, 271 ± 30, 37.7 ± 7.5, and 33.5 ± 6.1 μGy, respectively. Therefore, a curtain length of 75% or greater is required to achieve a sufficient eye lens dose reduction effect at the position of the endoscopist.
Connecting ideals in evolution algebras with hereditary subsets of its associated graph
Authors: Casado Yolanda Cabrera , Barquero Dolores Martín , González Cándido Martín , Tocino Alicia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this article, we introduce a relation including ideals of an evolution algebra A and hereditary subsets of vertices of its associated graph and establish some properties among them. This relation allows us to determine maximal ideals and ideals having the absorption property of an evolution algebra in terms of its associated graph. In particular, the maximal ideals can be determined through maximal hereditary subsets of vertices except for those containing $$A^2$$

A
2

. We also define a couple of order-preserving maps, one from the sets of ideals of an evolution algebra to that of hereditary subsets of the corresponding graph, and the other in the reverse direction. Conveniently restricted to the set of absorption ideals and to the set of hereditary saturated subsets, this is a monotone Galois connection. According to the graph, we characterize arbitrary dimensional finitely-generated (as algebras) evolution algebras under certain restrictions of its graph. Furthermore, the simplicity of finitely-generated perfect evolution algebras is described on the basis of the simplicity of the graph.
Amplitude-modulated EM side-channel attack on provably secure masked AES
Authors: Wang Huanyu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecently a new type of side channels was discovered, called amplitude-modulated electromagnetic (EM) emanations from mixed-signal circuits. Unlike power analysis or near field EM analysis, attacks based on amplitude-modulated EM emanations do not require the close physical access to the victim device, which makes the attack particularly threatening. However, all existing amplitude-modulated EM attacks on AES focus on implementations of unprotected TinyAES, which is less likely to be used when the implementation is not overly resource constrained. This paper presents the first deep learning based side-channel attack on AES-128 with a Rivain–Prouff masking scheme by using amplitude-modulated EM emanations as the side channel. Rivian–Prouff masking scheme is a provably secure higher-order masking scheme for AES. To bypass the theoretical strength of the addition-chain based Boolean masked SBox, we train neural networks on trace segments corresponding to the MixColumns operation in which the data loading instructions for SBox output leak information. By comparing two different training strategies, we show that it is feasible to recover the key from an ARM Cortex-M4 CPU implementation of AES-128 with a Rivain–Prouff masking scheme by using the amplitude-modulated EM emanations leaked from the victim device, which has a Bluetooth module embedded on the board.
Harnessing the power of functionalized biochar: progress, challenges, and future perspectives in energy, water treatment, and environmental sustainability
Authors: Yameen Muhammad Zubair , Naqvi Salman Raza , Juchelková Dagmar , Khan Muhammad Nouman Aslam 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe swift advancement of sustainable energy technologies, coupled with the urgent need to address environmental challenges, has generated considerable interest in the multifaceted applications of biochar materials to promote energy, water, and environmental sustainability. This comprehensive review examines recent advancements in the production and applications of functionalized biochar materials, emphasizing their pivotal roles in energy conversion and storage, wastewater treatment, CO2 reduction, soil amelioration, and the promotion of carbon neutrality within a circular economy framework. The functionalization of biochar materials involves surface chemistry and porosity modifications, achieved through techniques like templating, chemical activation, metal impregnation, or heteroatom doping. These modifications substantially enhance the catalytic activity, energy storage capacity, and cycling stability of biochar materials, making them particularly effective in diverse energy applications such as water splitting, fuel cells, and supercapacitors. Additionally, functionalized biochar materials demonstrate remarkable efficacy as catalysts and adsorbents in wastewater treatment, proficiently removing pollutants like heavy metals, organic contaminants, and nutrients, thereby facilitating resource recovery from wastewater. The review also underscores the potential of functionalized biochar materials in CO2 capture and conversion, exploring innovative strategies to augment their CO2 adsorption capacity and state-of-the-art catalytic processes for transforming captured CO2 into valuable fuels and chemicals. In summary, this review offers valuable insights into the recent advancements in biochar research, underscoring its substantial commercial potential as a versatile material contributing to a cleaner and more sustainable future.Article Highlights

The current status of biochar research is comprehensively reviewed.

The potential of biochar in energy, water, and environmental fields is critically examined.

Technology readiness levels (TRLs) of various biochar-based technologies are evaluated.

Graphical Abstract
Biochemical constituents and the role of African wild medlar (Vangueria infausta) in human nutrition: a review
Authors: Maluleke Mdungazi K. , Ralulimi Tanyani Sylvia , Machete Machete 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis publication presents the biochemical components, the botanical characteristics, and the significance of African medlar to human nutrition and developments on the fruits’ uses in biotechnology and the food industry. African wild medlar (Vangueria infausta subsp infausta) is one of the multitudes of underutilised wild edible indigenous fruit trees that grows naturally throughout Southern Africa. Available literature shows that almost every part of the tree, have known nutritional or medicinal benefits. In-depth literature search using keywords (Vangueria infausta subsp infausta, African wild medlar, biochemical constituents, underutilised crops of Africa, human nutrition and recommended daily intake) was used to source credible literature accessible from online sources such as Scopus, ResearchGate, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The degree of relevance to each item linked to the review were used as an inclusion and exclusion criteria for suitable literature and for data analysis purposes. The results of the study reveal that fresh or processed African wild medlar fruit is consumable. The fruit contains significant levels of vitamins, phenols, macro and micro-nutrients, that humans require in both large and small amounts. Due to its richness in biochemical constituents such as flavonoids, phenols, proteins, vitamin C and zinc, African medlar fruit has a potential to meet the human recommended daily intake (RDI), thus can be considered a potential functional food crop. Rural communities in Southern Africa use African medlar fruit as a raw material for value-added products including jam, juice, alcohol-based products, and medication. Therefore, commercialization of this crop could play a pivotal role in accelerating the sustainable development goals SDG 1 (no poverty), subsequently addressing SDG 2 (Zero hunger). The study unearthed a need for further research, in particular empirical studies and highlights a great potential for government interest in entrepreneurial projects of commercialisation and agro-processing of African medlar fruit tree.
An Improved Fusion-Based Semantic Similarity Measure for Effective Collaborative Filtering Recommendations
Authors: Al-Hassan Malak , Abu-Salih Bilal , Alshdaifat Esra’a , Aloqaily Ahmad , Rodan Ali 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSemantic-enhanced recommendation systems are promising approaches to overcome the sparsity and cold-start problems, which are hard to handle using the conventional collaborative filtering (CF) approaches. Further research is needed to effectively integrate ontologies into collaborative filtering recommender systems. This paper proposes an ontology-based semantic similarity measure to evaluate similarities between items and eventually generate accurate recommendations. The proposed semantic similarity measure termed fusion-based semantic similarity takes into account the semantics of ontological instances (i.e. items) inferred from a specific domain ontology, which is determined by analyzing the hierarchical relationships among the instances, as well as the features of the instances and their relationships to other instances. The new measure comprehensively captures the semantic knowledge associated with instances by exploiting all possible shared semantics between instances in a given domain ontology. Furthermore, this paper proposes a new semantic-enhanced hybrid recommendation approach as a result of combining the new semantic similarity measure with the standard item-based CF to enhance the quality of generated recommendations. In order to assess the effectiveness of our semantic-enhanced hybrid collaborative filtering method, a series of experiments were conducted to compare the performance of the proposed approach against well-established benchmark techniques. The reported experimental results consistently emphasize its superiority, demonstrating enhanced predictive abilities and a notable improvement in the quality of recommendations. More specifically, the proposed approach achieved notable 6% reduction in Mean Absolute Error (MAE) in certain cases, outperforming other benchmark techniques. Additionally, this study highlights the potential of using semantic-based similarity to enhance the performance of recommendation systems. Such enhancements address challenges within collaborative filtering, potentially leading to advancements in recommendation system design and optimization.
A bibliometric review of barriers to circular economy implementation in solid waste management
Authors: Akomea-Frimpong Isaac , Tetteh Portia Atswei , Ofori Joshua Nsiah Addo , Tumpa Roksana Jahan , Pariafsai Fatemeh , Tenakwah Emmanuel Senior , Asogwa Ikenna Elias , Vanapalli Kumar Raja , Adu-Gyamfi Gibbson , Kukah Augustine Senanu , Tenakwah Emmanuel Junior 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCircular economy (CE) has attracted considerable attention from governments, policymakers, and societies due to its potential to promote sustainable development goals while shifting away from linear economy models. Despite a growing body of research conducted in the CE, the barriers to its successful implementation for solid waste management (SWM) remain less explored especially in context of municipal solid wastes, and commercial and industrial wastes. The purpose of this current study is to identify the critical barriers to circular economy implementation in SWM. The scientometric analysis of literature is the research methodology in this study. A total of 1709 journal articles were searched and retrieved from Scopus database for the data analysis. The results show that circular economy has not gained much root in solid waste management in the global south. Countries such as China, United States, Australia, Italy, and United Kingdom (UK) are the topmost countries to fund research in this research area. The commonly used keywords in scholarly literature on this topic include sustainability, reuse, waste management and recycle. Further, the major findings of the study were grouped into clusters relating to challenges on macroeconomic policies, recycling and reuse of waste, stakeholder management, operation, and legal regulations, generated solid wastewater treatment, and construction and demolition waste. The contributions of this research are twofold: a comprehensive list of relevant gaps for further studies are provided for the scientific community to delve into this matter and proffer solutions. The findings could serve as a guide to understand and develop best practice framework on circular economy and its implementation in the SWM.
Polytopes and Graphs
Authors: Pineda Villavicencio Guillermo 
Published: March 2024

This book introduces convex polytopes and their graphs, alongside the results and methodologies required to study them. It guides the reader from the basics to current research, presenting many open problems to facilitate the transition. The book includes results not previously found in other books, such as: the edge connectivity and linkedness of graphs of polytopes; the characterisation of their cycle space; the Minkowski decomposition of polytopes from the perspective of geometric graphs; Lei Xue's recent lower bound theorem on the number of faces of polytopes with a small number of vertices; and Gil Kalai's rigidity proof of the lower bound theorem for simplicial polytopes. This accessible introduction covers prerequisites from linear algebra, graph theory, and polytope theory. Each chapter concludes with exercises of varying difficulty, designed to help the reader engage with new concepts. These features make the book ideal for students and researchers new to the field.
Quatrains of Many Receptions: A Survey of Perceptions of ‘Omar Khayyām in Ottoman and Turkish Translations
Authors: Balıkçıoğlu Efe Murat 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article explores the wide range of responses to Persian polymath and poet ‘Omar Khayyām (d. ca. 526/1132) in Ottoman and Turkish literary sources. A great number of intellectuals, past and present, translated Khayyām's famed quatrains into Turkish, albeit with differing motivations regarding subject, style, message, and literary reception. Social critics like Abdullah Cevdet employed Khayyām's quatrains as a vehicle for proving that liberal and progressive mindsets were accommodated in classical Islam. On the other hand, literary scholars like Rıza Tevfik [Bölükbaşı], Ḥüseyin Dāniş, and Abdülbaki Gölpınarlı chose to focus on the intellectual origins of Khayyām's thought, as well as on his connections to Islamic philosophical traditions. In the first decades of the Turkish Republic, there was another wave of interest in Khayyām's quatrains related to prosody, message, and what his legacy and poetic disposition represented with regard to the Islamic past. Whereas poets like Yahya Kemal and Âsaf Hâlet Çelebi regarded him as a paragon of libertine lyrics and Sufi mysticism, Turkish leftist intellectuals such as Nâzım Hikmet, Sabahattin Eyuboğlu, and A. Kadir set him as a socialist or materialist humanist who was a staunch critic of religious bigotry and fanaticism.