bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interpretation Conclusion Stability of Software Defect Prediction over Time
Authors: chitsazian zeynab , Kashi saeed Sedighian , Nikanjam Amin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Model instability refers to where a machine learning model trained on historical data becomes less reliable over time due to Concept Drift (CD). CD refers to the phenomenon where the underlying data distribution changes over time. In this paper, we proposed a method for predicting CD in evolving software through the identification of inconsistencies in the instance interpretation over time for the first time. To this end, we obtained the instance interpretation vector for each newly created commit sample by developers over time. Wherever there is a significant difference in statistical distribution between the interpreted sample and previously ones, it is identified as CD. To evaluate our proposed method, we have conducted a comparison of the method's results with those of the baseline method. The baseline method locates CD points by monitoring the Error Rate (ER) over time. In the baseline method, CD is identified whenever there is a significant rise in the ER. In order to extend the evaluation of the proposed method, we have obtained the CD points by the baseline method based on monitoring additional efficiency measures over time besides the ER. Furthermore, this paper presents an experimental study to investigate the discovery of CD over time using the proposed method by taking into account resampled datasets for the first time. The results of our study conducted on 20 known datasets indicated that the model's instability over time can be predicted with a high degree of accuracy without requiring the labeling of newly entered data.
Comorbidities of exudative otitis media in children: focus on cough
Authors: Kuznetsova N. E. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Otitis media with effusion (OME) is the most common and asymptomatic form of otitis in preschool children, accompanied by the accumulation of exudate in the middle ear with the development of conductive and mixed hearing loss. The article discusses data on the nature of comorbid diseases in exudative otitis media and modern ideas about the effectiveness of a combination drug for concomitant bronchopulmonary pathology in children.Aim. To study the nature of comorbid diseases in OME and evaluate the effectiveness of a combined expectorant drug in the treatment of upper and lower respiratory tract infections.Materials and methods. 104 children diagnosed with acute and chronic otitis media with effusion were examined. All children were divided into 2 groups: Group I (50 people) with acute otitis media with effusion, Group II (54 people) with chronic otitis media with effusion. The average age of children in group I was 5.02 ± 0.48 years with the highest prevalence in the younger group (70%), the average age of children in group II was 5.87 ± 0.47 years with the highest prevalence in the preschool and primary school groups (88%). Group I children with tracheitis and bronchitis received a combined expectorant.Results and discussions. The recurrent course of otitis media with effusion is supported by allergies in 43%, and by pathology of the upper and lower respiratory tract in 34%. The development of hearing loss leads to dysarthria in 26% of cases, which can undoubtedly negatively affect the further social adaptation of the child. Complex therapy of cough with a combined expectorant gave a positive clinical effect in 95% of cases, reduced the need for systemic antibiotics by 2.5 times, shortened the duration of the disease by 1.7 times.Conclusions. Early diagnosis of comorbid diseases in AOME at a young age, timely complex treatment of bronchopulmonary pathology will prevent the development of COME with impaired speech development in older children.
Analysis of characteristic index and prediction of river bottom tearing scour in the Yellow River
Authors: Sun Longfei , Liu Yanhui , Wang Yuanjian , Dong Qinghao , Zhao Wanjie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

River bottom tearing scour (RBTS) has a strong effect on the scouring and moulding of channel in the Yellow River. Due to the special forming conditions, complex influencing factors, and limited observed data, it is difficult to predict whether RBTS will occur accurately. By collecting and disposing of the hydrodynamic, sediment, and initial boundary data of 246 flood events related to RBTS in three typical reaches of the Yellow River basin, the correlation between different characteristic influencing factors and the occurrence and absence of RBTS were analysed, and prediction models based on machine learning algorithms were constructed. The results showed that under the existing data conditions, the maximum sediment concentration Sm, average sediment concentration Sp, flood growth rate ν, and shape coefficient δ were the four key indices to more easily distinguish whether RBTS will occur. The support vector machine algorithm model had the best performance results and exhibited higher accuracy and precision in predicting its occurrence compared with other models under given water and sediment conditions. The method proposed in this study provides a new method for accurately predicting RBTS in the Yellow River.
Characterization and microbial mechanism of pollutant removal from stormwater runoff in the composite filler bioretention system
Authors: Guo Kaiwen , Wang Hairuo , Mu Teng , Chen Jiaxuan , Luo Hui , He Bao-Jie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Bioretention systems are a low-impact development (LID) measure to effectively control stormwater runoff and reduce pollutant concentrations. In this paper, three groups of bioretention cells with different filling materials (1# bioretention soil media (BSM), 2# BSM + 5% biochar, and 3# BSM +5% biochar +biological filler) were constructed to analyze the pollutant removal characteristics and microbial action under different simulated rainfall conditions. Results showed that the overall pollutant removal capacity of systems 2# and 3# was higher than that of system 1#, with system 3# having the lowest effluent concentrations of 2.71 mg/L for total nitrogen (TN) and 64.3 mg/L for chemical oxygen demand (COD). The load reduction effect for heavy metals of the three systems was ranked as 2# &gt; 1# &gt; 3#, and average load reduction rates were 80.3, 75.1, and 84.8% for Cu, Pb, and Zn in 2#. Microbial community analysis indicated that Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the absolute dominant bacteria of the three bioretention systems, and the dominant genera included Bacillus, Hyphomicrobium, Micrococcaceae, and Nitrospira. In addition, the total number of denitrifying functional bacteria genera in systems 2# and 3# was increased by 1.39 and 52.1% compared to system 1#.
Performance improvement of a double-suction centrifugal pump for water supply system based on energy loss analysis and cavitation behaviour prediction
Authors: Wang Shengli , Yu Yang , Shu Yue , Li Fengyu , Sun Ruiliang 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

To gain a comprehensive understanding of the energy dissipation of a double-suction pump, analysing the energy loss of its various components is necessary. However, the liquid temperature in the double-suction pump remains almost constant, using the entropy production or dissipation method to evaluate energy loss is difficult. The traditional analysis method based on pressure drop cannot quantify the internal energy changes in each component. To solve this problem, a pressure energy loss evaluation approach is developed on the basis of the pressure drop theoretical analysis and numerical prediction, and the effects of cavitation on the energy loss are investigated. The structure of the volute casing is improved to enhance the performance based on energy loss analysis and cavitation behaviour prediction. The results show that the energy loss efficiencies for the suction casing, impeller, and volute casing are 0.55, 4.6, and 5%, respectively, at the design flow rate. The proportion of energy loss in the impeller and volute casing increased with a decrease in NPSHa. The RNG k–ε and k–ω turbulence models are chosen for the numerical simulation, and the numerically predicted results are verified experimentally.
Using Supercritical Diethyl Ether as the Reaction Medium for the Synthesis of
3-Acetyl and 4-Methyl Substituted Coumarins
Authors: Özsırkıntı Zeynep , Hakimi Abdul Hakim , Erşatır Mehmet , Türk Murat , Demirkol Onur , Giray Elife Sultan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Due to very good biological activity and use as fluorescent probes, coumarin
synthesis and developing new synthesis methods are still an attractive area for many research
groups. In this work, for the first time, a novel, mild, and green method has been
developed for coumarin synthesis by using supercritical diethyl ether as a reaction medium.
The optimum conditions for the synthesis of 3-acetylcoumarins and 4-methylcoumarins
have been explored. These newly established techniques could be a favourable approach
against two traditional synthetic routes in terms of green chemistry criteria for the synthesis
of important intermediates, 3-acetyl coumarins and 4-methyl coumarins. 4-Methyl coumarins
have been obtained in good-to-excellent yields (63-87%); for example, bmethylumbelliferone,
a naturally bioactive coumarin compound, was synthesised in 30 min
at 200oC, resulting in 87% yield, while several 3-acetyl coumarins were synthesized in very good yields (28-
96%).
Turkish Translation and Cross-Cultural Validity of WHOQOL-HIV Bref Tool
Authors: Derin Okan , Öncül Ahsen , Türkkan Hakkı Meriç , Demirbaş Nazife Duygu , Gül Özlem , Diktaş Hüsrev , Sevgi Dilek Yıldız , Hayran Osman 
Published: March 2024

Background:
The assessment of health-related quality of life among people living with
HIV (PLWH) has gained increasing importance as it assesses their overall well-being, guides treatment
decisions, and addresses psychosocial challenges, improving their quality of life. This study
focuses on adapting and validating the Turkish version of the WHOQOL-HIV Bref, a tool developed
by the World Health Organization (WHO) to measure health-related quality of life in PLWH.
This adaptation is based on the generic WHOQOL-Bref Turkish and WHOQOL-HIV Bref
inventory.

Methods:
In line with WHO guidelines, the tool was translated and tested on 189 PLWH from İstanbul
Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital's HIV outpatient clinic. A variety of
statistical methods were employed to assess content, construct, concurrent, and known-group validity,
as well as internal consistency and reliability.

Results:
Participants' median age was 35 years (IQR: 14), with 178(94%) being male. The Turkish
WHOQOL-HIV Bref showed overall satisfactory psychometric properties. Despite limitations
in the spirituality domain, it demonstrated good internal consistency (alpha coefficient: 0.93) and
strong validity across several metrics, including test-retest reliability (ICC: 0.79).

Conclusion:
The WHOQOL-HIV BREF in Turkish is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing
the quality of life in Turkish PLWH.
Discovery and Development of HDAC Inhibitors: Approaches for the
Treatment of Cancer a Mini-review
Authors: Patel Roshani , Modi Arjun , Vekariya Hitesh 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have emerged as promising cancer therapeutics due to their ability to
induce differentiation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in cancer cells. In the present review, we have described
the systemic discovery and development of HDAC inhibitors. Researchers across the globe have identified
various small molecules like benzo[d][1,3]dioxol derivatives, belinostat analogs, pyrazine derivatives, quinazolin-
4-one-based derivatives, 2,4-imidazolinedione derivatives, acridine hydroxamic acid derivatives, coumarin
derivatives, tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives, thiazole-5-carboxamide, salicylamide derivatives, β-peptoid-
capped HDAC inhibitors, quinazoline derivatives, benzimidazole and benzothiazole derivatives, and β-
elemene scaffold containing HDAC inhibitors. Most of the scaffolds have shown attractive IC50 (μM) in various
cell lines like HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC6, PI3K, HeLa, MDA-MB-231, MCF-10A, MCF-7, U937, K562
and Bcr-Abl cell lines.
Cholesterol-Based B-Ring 2H-Pyran: Synthesis and Reaction Mechanism by Using Density Functional Theoretical Study
Authors: Priyanka  , Kumar Himanshi , Sharma Kamlesh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
The steroidal B-ring 2H-pyran 2 is synthesized by reacting steroidal B-ring α,β-
unsaturated ketone 1 and 2-cyano-N-methylacetamide by refluxing for 18 h in methanol in the presence
of a catalyst, i.e., chitosan. The product is obtained with a yield of 67%. The structure of the
final product 2 is confirmed by utilizing IR, Mass, 13C and 1H NMR spectra. The reaction
mechanism of the steroidal pyran ring formation is explored in this paper. The reaction pathway is
described by using FMO analysis and relative energies of starting material, intermediate, and
transition states, calculated by using the theoretical method, i.e., DFT with B3LYP/6-31G(d). It is
found that two intermediates are formed throughout the reaction, which undergo a respective
transition state (TS1 and TS2). The energy barrier of each step of the reaction is also calculated. It is
also concluded that the reaction is endothermic. The green synthetic method reported in this study
would be very useful for the synthetic and medicinal chemists involved in the synthesis of biologically
important pyran ring-containing heterocyclic compounds.
Neurodevelopmental and Neuropsychiatric Perspectives on Respiratory Control: Understanding Congenital and Developmental Disorders
Authors: Amore Greta , Grella Maria , Currò Arianna , Lizio Maria Pia , Di Rosa Gabriella 
Published: March 2024

:
Breathing is an automatic process generated by the central nervous system, crucial for
the homeostasis of several body processes. This vital process is underpinned by an intricate network
in which distinct functional and anatomical factors and structures play a role. Transcription
factors (i.e., PHOX2B and Pbx proteins), as well as neuromodulators (i.e., serotonin, noradrenaline,
GABA, and glycine), have been demonstrated as implicated in the regulation of breathing.
Besides, the several intertwined excitatory and inhibitory brainstem neural circuits comprising the
so-called central pattern generator (CPG) have recently demonstrated a potential role of cerebellar
structures and circuits in coordinating the complex and coordinated respiratory act in eupnea. A
disruption affecting one of these components, which may also occur on a genetic basis, may indeed
result in complex and heterogeneous disorders, including neurodevelopmental ones (such as
Rett and Prader-Willi syndrome), which may also present with neuropsychiatric and breathing
manifestations and potentially lead to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Herein, we discuss
the main factors and systems involved in respiratory control and modulation, outlining some of
the associated neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) deriving from an impairment in their expression/
function. Further studies are needed to deepen our knowledge of the complexity underpinning
“breathing” and the relation between respiratory implications and congenital and developmental
disorders.
Application Exploration of Medical Image-aided Diagnosis of Breast Tumour
Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Hong Zhen , Yan Xin , Zhang Ran , Ren Yuanfang , Tong Qian , Altrjman Chadi 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Nowadays, people attach increasing importance to accurate and timely disease diagnosis and personalized treatment. Because of the uncertainty
and latency of the pathogenesis, it is difficult to detect breast tumour early. With higher resolution, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become
an important method for early detection of cancer in recent years. At present, DL technology can automatically study imaging features of different
depths. Objective: This work aimed to use DL to study medical image-assisted diagnosis.

Methods:
The image data were collected from the patients. ROI (region of interest) containing the complete tumor area in the medical image was generated.
The ROI image was extracted, and the extracted feature data were expanded. By constructing a three-dimensional (3D) CNN model, the evaluation
indicators of breast tumour diagnosis results have been proposed. In the experiment part, 3D CNN model and other models have been used to
diagnose the medical image of breast tumour.

Results:
The 3D CNN model exhibited good ROI region extraction effect and breast tumor image diagnosis effect, and the average diagnostic accuracy of
breast tumor image diagnosis was 0.736, which has been found to be much higher than other models and could be applied to breast tumor medical
image-aided diagnosis.

Conclusion:
The 3D CNN model has been trained by combining the two-dimensional CNN training mode, and the evaluation index of diagnostic results has
been established. The experimental part verified the medical image diagnosis effect of the 3D CNN model. The model had exhibited a high ROI
region extraction effect and breast tumor image diagnosis effect.
4D Flow MRI of Portal Vein Hemodynamics in Healthy Volunteers and Patients
with Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Zhang Mengmeng , Yu Hailong , Zhao Di , Shen Wen , Bai Xu , Zheng Meng , Ji Jiachen , Li Rui , Cai Jianming , Dong Jinghui , Liu Changchun 
Published: March 2024

Aim::
To identify age-matched healthy volunteers, non-cirrhotic chronic liver disease (CLD) and cirrhotic patients based on portal hemodynamic
parameters using 4D flow MRI.

Methods::
A total of 10 age-matched healthy volunteers and 69 CLD patients were enrolled and underwent 4D flow MRI prospectively. 4D flow MR images
were processed by an MD in biomedical engineering working on the GTFlow platform. Portal hemodynamic parameters include net flow
(mL/cycle), flow volume per second through the lumen (mL/sec), average flow velocity (cm/sec), and maximum flow velocity (cm/sec). The
difference in portal hemodynamic parameters of 4D flow MRI was compared among healthy volunteers, non-cirrhotic CLD patients and patients
with cirrhosis by one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test and post hoc tests.

Results::
10 CLD patients without cirrhosis and 56 patients with cirrhosis were eventually included, along with 10 healthy volunteers who were divided into
three groups. 3 patients with cirrhosis whose image quality did not meet the requirements were excluded. There were no significant differences in
portal hemodynamic parameters among the three groups except portal average velocity (P > 0.05). There was no statistical difference in all portal
hemodynamic parameters of 4D flow MRI between healthy volunteers and patients with cirrhosis (P > 0.05). There were significant differences in
portal average velocity between non-cirrhotic CLD patients, healthy volunteers and patients with cirrhosis, respectively (11.44±3.93 vs 8.10±2.66,
P=0.013; 11.44±3.93 vs 8.60±2.22, P=0.007).

Conclusion::
Portal average velocity obtained by 4D flow MRI can be an auxiliary means to identify cirrhosis in patients with CLD.
Conditioned Medium Treatment for the Improvement of Functional
Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury: A Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: Hajisoltani Razieh , Taghizadeh Mona , Hamblin Michael R , Ramezani Fatemeh 
Published: March 2024

Background::
While there is no certain treatment for spinal cord injury (SCI), stem cellbased
therapy may be an attractive alternative, but the survival and differentiation of cells in the host
tissue are poor. Conditioned medium (CM) has several beneficial effects on cells.

Objective::
In this meta-analysis study, we examined the effect of CM on SCI treatment.

Methods::
After searching on MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Web of Science, first and secondary
screening were performed based on title, abstract, and full text. The data were extracted from
the included studies, and meta-analysis was performed using STATA.14 software. A standardized
mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval was used to report findings. Quality control
and subgroup analysis were also performed.

Results::
The results from 52 articles and 61 separate experiments showed that CM had a significantly
strong effect on improving motor function after SCI (SMD = 2.58; 95% CI: 2.17 to 2.98; p <
0.001) and also analysis of data from 12 articles demonstrated that CM reduced the expression of
GFAP marker (SMD = -4.16; p < 0.0001) compared to SCI group without any treatment. Subgroup
analysis showed that treatment with CM of neural stem cells was better than CM of mesenchymal
stem cells. It was more effective after a mild lesion than a moderate or severe one. The improvement
was more pronounced with <4 weeks than >4 weeks follow-up.

Conclusion::
CM had a significant effect in improving motor function after SCI, especially in cases
of mild lesions. It has been observed that if CM originates from the neural stem cells, it has a more
significant effect than mesenchymal cells.
MCHAN: Prediction of Human Microbe-drug Associations Based on Multiview Contrastive Hypergraph Attention Network
Authors: Li Guanghui , Cao Ziyan , Liang Cheng , Xiao Qiu , Luo Jiawei 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Complex and diverse microbial communities play a pivotal role in human
health and have become a new drug target. Exploring the connections between drugs and microbes
not only provides profound insights into their mechanisms but also drives progress in drug discovery
and repurposing. The use of wet lab experiments to identify associations is time-consuming and laborious.
Hence, the advancement of precise and efficient computational methods can effectively improve
the efficiency of association identification between microorganisms and drugs.

Objective:
In this experiment, we propose a new deep learning model, a new multiview comparative
hypergraph attention network (MCHAN) method for human microbe–drug association prediction.

Methods:
First, we fuse multiple similarity matrices to obtain a fused microbial and drug similarity
network. By combining graph convolutional networks with attention mechanisms, we extract key information
from multiple perspectives. Then, we construct two network topologies based on the above
fused data. One topology incorporates the concept of hypernodes to capture implicit relationships between
microbes and drugs using virtual nodes to construct a hyperheterogeneous graph. Next, we
propose a cross-contrastive learning task that facilitates the simultaneous guidance of graph embeddings
from both perspectives, without the need for any labels. This approach allows us to bring nodes
with similar features and network topologies closer while pushing away other nodes. Finally, we employ
attention mechanisms to merge the outputs of the GCN and predict the associations between
drugs and microbes.

Results:
To confirm the effectiveness of this method, we conduct experiments on three distinct datasets.
The results demonstrate that the MCHAN model surpasses other methods in terms of performance.
Furthermore, case studies provide additional evidence confirming the consistent predictive
accuracy of the MCHAN model.

Conclusion:
MCHAN is expected to become a valuable tool for predicting potential associations between
microbiota and drugs in the future.