bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AACFlow: an end-to-end model based on attention augmented convolutional neural network and flow-attention mechanism for identification of anticancer peptides
Authors: Zhang Shengli , Zhao Ya , Liang Yunyun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMotivationAnticancer peptides (ACPs) have natural cationic properties and can act on the anionic cell membrane of cancer cells to kill cancer cells. Therefore, ACPs have become a potential anticancer drug with good research value and prospect.ResultsIn this article, we propose AACFlow, an end-to-end model for identification of ACPs based on deep learning. End-to-end models have more room to automatically adjust according to the data, making the overall fit better and reducing error propagation. The combination of attention augmented convolutional neural network (AAConv) and multi-layer convolutional neural network (CNN) forms a deep representation learning module, which is used to obtain global and local information on the sequence. Based on the concept of flow network, multi-head flow-attention mechanism is introduced to mine the deep features of the sequence to improve the efficiency of the model. On the independent test dataset, the ACC, Sn, Sp, and AUC values of AACFlow are 83.9%, 83.0%, 84.8%, and 0.892, respectively, which are 4.9%, 1.5%, 8.0%, and 0.016 higher than those of the baseline model. The MCC value is 67.85%. In addition, we visualize the features extracted by each module to enhance the interpretability of the model. Various experiments show that our model is more competitive in predicting ACPs.
Surgical stress response in robot-assisted versus laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer (SIRIRALS): randomized clinical trial
Authors: Cuk Pedja , Tiskus Mindaugas , Möller Sören , Lambertsen Kate Lykke , Backer Mogensen Christian , Festersen Nielsen Michael , Helligsø Per , Gögenur Ismail , Bremholm Ellebæk Mark 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Evidence for the routine use of robotic technology and its impact on short-term outcomes in colon cancer surgery is lacking. The aim of this study was to compare the surgically induced systemic stress response and clinical and patient-reported outcomes for patients undergoing robot-assisted or laparoscopic colon cancer surgery.

Methods
In this double-blinded superiority RCT completed between August 2021 and March 2023, patients with stage 1–3 colon cancer were randomized in a 1 : 1 ratio to undergo either robot-assisted or laparoscopic colon cancer surgery. The primary outcome was changes in the systemic stress response, characterized by C-reactive protein expression in the first three postoperative days. Secondary outcomes were intraoperative and postoperative complications and patient-reported outcomes. The latter included quality of recovery-15 and pain intensity using a visual analogue scale.

Results
In total, 128 patients were screened for potential inclusion in this study; 50 patients (25 in the robot-assisted group and 25 in the laparoscopic group) were included in the final follow-up and analysis. The postoperative C-reactive protein response was higher on the first postoperative day in the laparoscopic group (mean difference = 19.88 mg/l, 95% c.i. 3.89–35.86; P = 0.045). No statistically significant differences were noted for C-reactive protein expression on the second and third postoperative days.

Conclusion
Adopting robot-assisted surgery for stage 1–3 colon cancer is associated with a reduction in the surgical stress response.

Registration number
NCT04687384 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Middle Pleistocene climate change influenced northward divergence and cold adaptation in an Asian lady’s slipper orchid, Cypripedium macranthos Sw. (Orchidaceae)
Authors: Chang Jui-Tse , Zhang Yu , Andronova Elena , Averyanov Leonid V , Filippov Evgeniy G , Kawahara Takayuki , Shefferson Richard , Kim Joo-Hwan , Hsu Rebecca C-C , Cho Yu-Hsiu , Luo Min-Xin , Liao Pei-Chun , Lee Yung-I 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Pleistocene was characterized by climate fluctuations with rapid transitions between glacial and interglacial periods. East Asia’s land bridge dynamics and monsoon system during the Middle Pleistocene transition (MPT) further constrained species distributions and dispersals, which promoted local adaptation and species diversification, making East Asia an excellent location to study species biogeography. Cypripedium macranthos Sw., a terrestrial orchid, diverged in the Pleistocene and became widespread in Russia, China, Korea, and Japan. Many populations are now at risk due to illegal harvesting or habitat loss. With comprehensive sampling including 171 individuals among 22 populations across the entire distribution range, together with plastid DNA sequencing, we have explored the origin and impact of palaeoclimate on its spatial genetic structure and historical biogeography. Regression-based analyses commonly used in landscape genetics were also applied to investigate the effects of precipitation, temperature, and wind on gene flow. The results revealed northeastern China as the probable cradle of C. macranthos, with northeastward divergence and range expansion during the MPT, aided by monsoon shifts and wind-driven seed dispersal. Isolation by environment was detected with winter temperature as a driver for north–south divergence controlling for an effect of isolation by distance, revealing cold adaptation of the northern populations or temperature-driven genetic differentiation. We also emphasize the founder speciation of an unique variety on Rebun Island of Japan. The widespread but genetically and ecologically divergent C. macranthos populations highlight the need for more conservation attention on northern populations under global warming.
Synaptopathy: presynaptic convergence in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Clayton Emma L , Huggon Laura , Cousin Michael A , Mizielinska Sarah 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are common forms of neurodegenerative disease that share overlapping genetics and pathologies. Crucially, no significantly disease-modifying treatments are available for either disease. Identifying the earliest changes that initiate neuronal dysfunction is important for designing effective intervention therapeutics. The genes mutated in genetic forms of frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis have diverse cellular functions, and multiple disease mechanisms have been proposed for both. Identification of a convergent disease mechanism in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis would focus research for a targetable pathway, which could potentially effectively treat all forms of frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (both familial and sporadic).
Synaptopathies are diseases resulting from physiological dysfunction of synapses, and define the earliest stages in multiple neuronal diseases, with synapse loss a key feature in dementia. At the presynapse, the process of synaptic vesicle recruitment, fusion and recycling is necessary for activity-dependent neurotransmitter release. The unique distal location of the presynaptic terminal means the tight spatio-temporal control of presynaptic homeostasis is dependent on efficient local protein translation and degradation.
Recently, numerous publications have shown that mutations associated with frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis present with synaptopathy characterized by presynaptic dysfunction. This review will describe the complex local signalling and membrane trafficking events that occur at the presynapse to facilitate neurotransmission and will summarize recent publications linking frontotemporal dementia/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis genetic mutations to presynaptic function. This evidence indicates that presynaptic synaptopathy is an early and convergent event in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and illustrates the need for further research in this area, to identify potential therapeutic targets with the ability to impact this convergent pathomechanism.
LncRNAs act as modulators of macrophages within the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Li Kangning , Xie Tao , Li Yong , Huang Xuan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been established as pivotal players in various cellular processes, encompassing the regulation of transcription, translation and post-translational modulation of proteins, thereby influencing cellular functions. Notably, lncRNAs exert a regulatory influence on diverse biological processes, particularly in the context of tumor development. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) exhibit the M2 phenotype, exerting significant impact on crucial processes such as tumor initiation, angiogenesis, metastasis and immune evasion. Elevated infiltration of TAMs into the tumor microenvironment (TME) is closely associated with a poor prognosis in various cancers. LncRNAs within TAMs play a direct role in regulating cellular processes. Functioning as integral components of tumor-derived exosomes, lncRNAs prompt the M2-like polarization of macrophages. Concurrently, reports indicate that lncRNAs in tumor cells contribute to the expression and release of molecules that modulate TAMs within the TME. These actions of lncRNAs induce the recruitment, infiltration and M2 polarization of TAMs, thereby providing critical support for tumor development. In this review, we survey recent studies elucidating the impact of lncRNAs on macrophage recruitment, polarization and function across different types of cancers.
Association between diabetic status and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality on dialysis following first kidney allograft loss
Authors: Samarasinghe Amali , Wong Germaine , Teixeira-Pinto Armando , Johnson David W , Hawley Carmel , Pilmore Helen , Mulley William R , Roberts Matthew A , Polkinghorne Kevan R , Boudville Neil , Davies Christopher E , Viecelli Andrea K , Ooi Esther , Larkins Nicholas G , Lok Charmaine , Lim Wai H 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with a greater risk of mortality in kidney transplant patients, primarily driven by a greater risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality. However, the associations between diabetes status at time of first allograft loss and mortality on dialysis remain unknown.

Methods
All patients with failed first kidney allografts transplanted in Australia and New Zealand between 2000 and 2020 were included. The associations between diabetes status at first allograft loss, all-cause and cause-specific mortality were examined using competing risk analyses, separating patients with diabetes into those with pre-transplant DM or post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM).

Results
Of 3782 patients with a median (IQR) follow-up duration of 2.7 (1.1–5.4) years, 539 (14%) and 390 (10%) patients had pre-transplant DM or developed PTDM, respectively. In the follow-up period, 1336 (35%) patients died, with 424 (32%), 264 (20%) and 199 (15%) deaths attributed to CVD, dialysis withdrawal and infection, respectively. Compared to patients without DM, the adjusted subdistribution HRs (95% CI) for pre-transplant DM and PTDM for all-cause mortality on dialysis were 1.47 (1.17–1.84) and 1.47 (1.23–1.76), respectively; for CVD-related mortality were 0.81 (0.51–1.29) and 1.02 (0.70–1.47), respectively; for infection-related mortality were 1.84 (1.02–3.35) and 2.70 (1.73–4.20), respectively; and for dialysis withdrawal-related mortality were 1.71 (1.05–2.77) and 1.51 (1.02–2.22), respectively.

Conclusions
Patients with diabetes at the time of kidney allograft loss have a significant survival disadvantage, with the excess mortality risk attributed to infection and dialysis withdrawal.
Disease Acceptance, but not Perceived Control, is Uniquely Associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease-related Disability
Authors: Teugels Anouk , van den Eijnden Ilse , Keersmaekers Bep , Verstockt Bram , Sabino João , Vermeire Séverine , Guadagnoli Livia , Van Diest Ilse , Ferrante Marc 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Disability, an important aspect of disease burden in patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], has been suggested as a valuable clinical endpoint. We aimed to investigate how disease acceptance and perceived control, two psychological predictors of subjective health, are associated with IBD-related disability.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, adult IBD patients from the University Hospitals Leuven received a survey with questions about clinical and demographic characteristics, disease acceptance and perceived control [Subjective Health Experience model questionnaire], and IBD-related disability [IBD Disk]. Multiple linear regressions assessed predictors of IBD-related disability in the total sample and in the subgroups of patients in clinical remission or with active disease.

Results
In the total sample (N = 1250, 54.2% female, median [interquartile range: IQR] age 51 [39–61] years, 61.3% Crohn’s disease, 34.9% active disease), adding the psychological predictors to the model resulted in an increased explained variance in IBD-related disability of 19% compared with a model with only demographic and clinical characteristics [R2adj 38% vs 19%, p &lt;0.001]. The increase in explained variance was higher for patients in clinical remission [ΔR2adj 20%, p &lt;0.001] compared with patients with active disease [ΔR2adj 10%, p &lt;0.001]. Of these predictors, disease acceptance was most strongly associated with disability in the total sample [β = -0.44, p &lt;0.001], as well as in both subgroups [β = -0.47, p &lt;0.001 and β = -0.31, p &lt;0.001 respectively]. Perceived control was not significantly associated with disability when accounting for all other predictors.

Conclusions
Disease acceptance is strongly associated with IBD-related disability, supporting further research into disease acceptance as a treatment target.
Host plant preference of Lygus hesperus (Hemiptera: Miridae) in 4 field crops: potato, alfalfa, carrot, and pea
Authors: Shrestha Govinda , Rondon Silvia I 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The western tarnished plant bug, Lygus hesperus (Knight), has emerged as a pest of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) in the Lower Columbia Basin of Oregon and Washington. This species is generally found infesting several other field-grown crops in the region; however, their host preference is poorly understood. Thus, greenhouse cage experiments were conducted to evaluate L. hesperus host preference by simultaneously presenting adults with 4 host plants: potato, alfalfa, Medicago sativa L., carrot, Daucus carota L., and pea, Pisum sativum L. In addition, an oviposition test was conducted. The results indicated that L. hesperus actively chose as a host and as an oviposition substrate among the 4 host plants. We found a significantly higher number of adults on alfalfa and potato plants over carrot or pea plants at 6 h, 24 h, and 48 h after adults were released into the cage. However, 96 h after release, more L. hesperus were found in alfalfa. In addition, female L. hesperus strongly preferred potato and alfalfa plants as an oviposition substrate over carrot and pea plants at 96 h after release.
Impact of cardiac size on diagnostic performance of single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging: insights from the REgistry of Fast Myocardial Perfusion Imaging with NExt generation single-photon emission computed tomography
Authors: Randazzo Michael J , Elias Pierre , Poterucha Timothy J , Sharir Tali , Fish Matthews B , Ruddy Terrence D , Kaufmann Philipp A , Sinusas Albert J , Miller Edward J , Bateman Timothy , Dorbala Sharmila , Di Carli Marcelo , Castillo Michelle , Liang Joanna X , Miller Robert J H , Dey Damini , Berman Daniel S , Slomka Piotr J , Einstein Andrew J 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Aims
Variation in diagnostic performance of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) has been observed, yet the impact of cardiac size has not been well characterized. We assessed whether low left ventricular volume influences SPECT MPI’s ability to detect obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and its interaction with age and sex.

Methods and results
A total of 2066 patients without known CAD (67% male, 64.7 ± 11.2 years) across nine institutions underwent SPECT MPI with solid-state scanners followed by coronary angiography as part of the REgistry of Fast Myocardial Perfusion Imaging with NExt Generation SPECT. Area under receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) analyses evaluated the performance of quantitative and visual assessments according to cardiac size [end-diastolic volume (EDV); &lt;20th vs. ≥20th population or sex-specific percentiles], age (&lt;75 vs. ≥75 years), and sex. Significantly decreased performance was observed in patients with low EDV compared with those without (AUC: population 0.72 vs. 0.78, P = 0.03; sex-specific 0.72 vs. 0.79, P = 0.01) and elderly patients compared with younger patients (AUC 0.72 vs. 0.78, P = 0.03), whereas males and females demonstrated similar AUC (0.77 vs. 0.76, P = 0.67). The reduction in accuracy attributed to lower volumes was primarily observed in males (sex-specific threshold: EDV 0.69 vs. 0.79, P = 0.01). Accordingly, a significant decrease in AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value for quantitative and visual assessments was noted in patients with at least two characteristics of low EDV, elderly age, or male sex.

Conclusion
Detection of CAD with SPECT MPI is negatively impacted by small cardiac size, most notably in elderly and male patients.
Plasma lipidomics and coronary plaque changes: a substudy of the SMARTool clinical trial
Authors: Smit Jeff M , Rocchiccioli Silvia , Signore Giovanni , Michelucci Elena , Di Giorgi Nicoletta , van Rosendael Alexander R , El Mahdiui Mohammed , Neglia Danilo , Knuuti Juhani , Saraste Antti , Buechel Ronny R , Teresinska Anna , Pizzi Maria N , Roque Albert , Poddighe Rosa , Mertens Bart J , Caselli Chiara , Parodi Oberdan , Pelosi Gualtiero , Scholte Arthur J 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Aims
To date, no studies have investigated the association between lipid species and coronary plaque changes over time, quantitatively assessed by serial imaging. We aimed to prospectively determine the association between lipid species quantified by a plasma lipidomic analysis and coronary plaque changes according to composition assessed by a quantitative serial analysis of coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA).

Methods and results
Patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing baseline coronary CTA were prospectively enrolled by seven EU centres in the SMARTool study and submitted to clinical, molecular, and coronary CTA re-evaluation at follow-up (an inter-scan period of 6.39 ± 1.17 years). Out of 202 patients who were analysed in the SMARTool main clinical study, a lipidomic analysis was performed in 154 patients before the baseline coronary CTA, and this group was included in the present study. A quantitative CTA analysis was performed by using a separate core laboratory blinded from clinical data. In the univariable analysis, it was found that no lipid species were significantly associated with annual total and calcified plaque changes. After adjusting for clinical variables at baseline and statin use, it was found that three lipid species were significantly associated with non-calcified plaque progression. In detail, cholesteryl ester(20:3), sphingomyelin (SM)(40:3), and SM(41:1) were found to be positively related to non-calcified plaque progression (Bonferroni-adjusted P-values = 0.005, 0.016, and 0.004, respectively).

Conclusion
The current study showed an independent relationship between specific lipid species determined by a plasma lipidomic analysis and non-calcified coronary plaque progression assessed by a serial, quantitative coronary CTA analysis.
A rare case report of type 1 congenital disorders of glycosylation with acute decompensated heart failure and the incidental discovery of congenital disorders of glycosylation associated dilated cardiomyopathy and acute myocarditis
Authors: Yang Woo Sze , Grover Suchi , Smith Emma , Selvanayagam Joseph B 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are rare genetically inherited defects leading to enzyme deficiency or malfunction in the glycosylation pathway. Normal glycosylation is essential to the development of normal cardiac anatomy and function. Congenital disorders of glycosylation–related cardiomyopathy are often the first manifestation detected in early life and may lead to sudden cardiac death. Approximately one-fifth of CDG types are related to cardiac diseases that include cardiomyopathy, rhythm disturbances, pericardial effusions, and structural heart disease.

Case summary
We report a rare case of a 26-year-old lady with CDG-1 who presented with acute-onset dyspnoea. She had respiratory tract symptoms for the past 2 weeks. With the relevant clinical and biochemical findings, including supportive findings on echocardiogram and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, we have managed to arrive at a diagnosis of severe pneumonia leading to acute decompensated heart failure, as well as the discovery of an underlying CDG-associated dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and acute myocarditis. Anti-failure medications and i.v. methylprednisolone were commenced, and she showed gradual clinical improvement with an increase of her left ventricular function. She was discharged home well with anti-failure therapy, prednisolone, and a follow-up echocardiogram with further review in the heart failure clinic.

Discussion
In conclusion, this case report highlights the need for accurate diagnosis and prompt management of CDG-associated DCM, leading to a successful recovery and discharge from hospital care. With this, we hope to add to the increasing number of reported cases of CDG-related cardiac disease in the medical literature to emphasize the importance of screening and follow-up for any underlying cardiac diseases in patients with CDG.