bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing turnover taxes in countries with large informal sectors
Authors: Wei Feng , Wen Jean‐François 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTurnover (sales) is frequently used in developing countries as a presumptive income tax base to economize on the costs of tax administration and taxpayer compliance. We construct a simple model where a size threshold separates firms paying turnover tax from those paying regular income tax and where firms have the option of producing in the untaxed, informal sector. The optimal turnover tax rate trades off two policy concerns: reducing informality and avoiding strategic reductions in sales by firms seeking to remain below the threshold for the regular income tax. We provide analytical results and calibrate the model to compute the optimal policy using realistic parameter values. Introducing an optimally designed turnover tax induces about 12 percentage points of previously informal enterprises to register for the presumptive regime in the calibrated model.
A novel variant in IFT122 associated with a severe phenotype of cranioectodermal dysplasia
Authors: Nagayama Shiho , Takahashi Hironori , Hasegawa Fuyuki , Hori Asuka , Kizami Sho , Furukawa Rieko , Horie Kenji , Ogoyama Manabu , Hata Kenichiro , Fujiwara Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA 27‐year‐old multiparous woman conceived her fetus naturally. Early second‐trimester ultrasound showed short extremities with systemic subcutaneous edema. The pregnancy was artificially terminated at 19 weeks of gestation because of the abnormalities based on the parents' wishes. The parents desired whole‐exome sequencing to detect a causative gene using the umbilical cord and the parents' saliva. Compound heterozygous variants (NC_000003.11(NM_052989.3):c.230 T > G/NC_000003.11(NM_052985.4):c.1178A > T) were identified. We described a fetus with a novel compound heterozygous variant in IFT122. The phenotype of this case was severer than of other types of cranioectodermal dysplasia.
Genealogy: A conceptual map
Authors: Ratcliffe Julian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe blossoming literature on genealogy in recent years has come as somewhat of a pleasant surprise to the historically inclined among us. It has not, however, come without its difficulties. As I see it, the literature on genealogy is guilty of two conflations, what I call the “debunking/problematizing conflation” and the “problematizing/rationalizing conflation.” Both are the result of the inadequate typological maps currently used to organize the literature. As a result, what makes many genealogies philosophically interesting often remains obscure. In response, I propose a new two‐dimensional typology that avoids these conflations and outfits us with a richer conceptual vocabulary with which to understand and organize the genealogies which populate the literature. By identifying a second dimension of analysis which has thus far gone untheorized, my typology enables us to elucidate the various normative objectives and objects of investigation structuring a literature which is more diverse than previously acknowledged. We can thus get a clearer understanding of the problems those genealogies face, of their critical potential, and of their implications for our conception of critique.
Endoscopic application of magnetic compression anastomosis: a review
Authors: Zhang Guo , Liang Zheng , Zhao Guiping , Zhang Shutian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMagnetic compression anastomosis (MCA) is a new method that provides sutureless passage construction for tubular organs. Due to the high recurrence rate of conventional endoscopic treatment and the high morbidity and mortality of surgical procedures, the MCA technique shows promise. The aim of this review is to comprehensively examine the literature related to the use of MCA in different gastrointestinal diseases over the past few years, categorizing them according to the anastomotic site and describing in detail the various methods of magnet delivery and the clinical outcomes of MCA. MCA is an innovative technique, and its use represents an advancement in the field of minimally invasive interventions. Comparison studies have shown that the anastomosis formed by MCA is comparable to or better than surgical sutures in terms of general appearance and histology. Although most of the current research has involved animal studies or studies with small populations, the safety and feasibility of MCA have been preliminarily demonstrated. Large prospective studies involving populations are still needed to guarantee the security of MCA. For technologies that have been initially used in clinical settings, effective measures should also be implemented to identify, even prevent, complications. Furthermore, specific commercial magnets must be created and optimized in this emerging area.
Management of eating disorders during pregnancy: A survey of Australian dietitians in clinical practice
Authors: Parker Tamara , Angus Rebecca 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundEating disorders (EDs) are estimated to affect 5.2%–7.5% of pregnant women, equating to 15,800–23,000 births in Australia annually. In pregnancy, an ED increases the risk of complications for both mother and child. Heightened motivation and increased utilisation of healthcare services during pregnancy present an opportunity to identify and commence ED treatment. Dietetic management of EDs differs from nutrition guidelines for pregnancy. This study aimed to assess current practice, confidence and training needs of dietitians to manage EDs in pregnancy.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey of Australian dietitians with past year exposure to ED and/or antenatal fields was completed using Microsoft Forms between November 2022 and January 2023.ResultsOne hundred and seventeen responses were analysed. Confidence was less for assessment of a woman with an active ED in pregnancy than a pregnant woman with a history of an ED, pregnancy or an ED alone (p < 0.001). Greater than 5 years of experience as a dietitian, but without recent exposure to the patient population, was associated with increased confidence (p < 0.01). Almost half provided descriptions of treatments and interventions used to treat a pregnant woman with an ED, some of which conflict with ED or antenatal guidelines. Dietitians were more likely to weigh a person with an ED in pregnancy. Most respondents indicated further training (93%) and guidelines (98%) would be helpful.ConclusionThis is the first investigation into the dietetic management of EDs in pregnancy, and it highlights a need for guidelines and training for dietitians.
Insights from Developing and Implementing a Novel School Community Collaborative Model to Promote School Safety*
Authors: Hullenaar Keith L. , Hicks Chelsea D. , Stubblefield Marcus W. , Herndon (Flip) Lester , Seabrooks Susan K. , Vavilala Monica S. , Laing Sharon S. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSchool Resource Officer (SRO) programs do not reduce school violence and increase school discipline. We describe the use of a culturally responsive framework to form a school community collaborative among students, parents, staff, administrators, and law enforcement to reform an SRO program, promote school safety, and reduce punitive measures.METHODSMembers of a participating school district, a local county, and a university collaborated. Adapting an identified culturally responsive model, a racially/ethnically diverse school community co‐developed and implemented a School Community Collaborative (SCC) to address a school safety priority (SRO program reform). The main outcomes were SCC model development and implementation, policy change, and school community feedback.RESULTSSixteen community members participated in the 5‐week SCC with students, staff, law enforcement, and parents. The SCC revised the district's SRO memorandum of understanding (MOU) with law enforcement. Participants reported favorable feedback, and 89% reported the inclusion of diverse voices.CONCLUSIONSCo‐development and implementation of an SCC process with schools were feasible. School SCC participated in a community‐engaged evaluation and revision of an MOU.
Split personalities? Behavioral effects of temperature on financial decision‐making
Authors: Gavresi Despina , Litina Anastasia , Makridis Christos A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe fact that environmental factors have a broader effect on financial decision‐making has been lengthily explored, but there is a gap in understanding how personality traits might mediate the effects of temperature on individual decision‐making. Using plausibly exogenous variation of individuals' exposure to changes in national temperature between 2004 and 2018 across NUTS 1 regions in 29 European countries, we estimate the causal effect of a marginal change in temperature on financial investments and its interaction with the trait of optimism/pessimism using Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) data. A 10% increase in temperature is associated with a 0.03 percentage point (pp) rise in the probability that an optimist invests in bonds and a 0.024 pp decline in the probability for investment in stocks. However, among pessimists, we find null effects. The results are comparable on the intensive margin. In sum, our results highlight the potentially heterogeneous ways that environmental factors shape individual decision‐making.
‘Uncertainty as constant presence’: Emerging geographers reflect on their housing experiences in Aotearoa
Authors: Schloffel‐Armstrong Salene , Bates Laura , Kearns Robin A. , Coleman Tara , Baluyot Alliyah , Barber‐Wilson Hannah , Best Marnie , Corattur Thanve Senthil , Davidson Molly , Fisher Kyla , Griffin Alex , Jelitto Petra , Lawrence Molly , Manuel Mark , Read Caitlin , Rigden Cameron , Rodger Lottie , Tesfaye Sahil , Tuhoro Cory , Buttle Eleanor , Soukoutou Ruth 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAs a collective of students and teachers, we reflect on student experiences of housing in Aotearoa. The commentary began as a reflective diary assignment from a third‐year course offered in semester one of 2023 at the University of Auckland. Using 15 of these diaries as our data, we take stock of the multiple intersecting crises of housing that are currently impacting students and other young people, and suggest potential directions for future research.
Does symbolic representation matter? A meta‐analysis of the passive‐symbolic representation link
Authors: Wang Yao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe theory of symbolic representation expects that passive representativeness of bureaucrats can heighten agencies' perceived legitimacy and enhance citizen outcomes. Empirical evidence on the consequences of symbolic representation, however, is mixed. By performing a meta‐analysis of 286 effect sizes, this study finds a significantly positive, though weak, association between passive representation and its anticipated symbolic outcomes. A meta‐regression analysis further examined how the salience of symbolic representation is moderated by multiple aspects of passive representativeness, symbolic outcomes, policy and geographical contexts, and research design. Results suggest that the symbolic benefits of passive representation are more observed at the frontline than in managerial settings, and the effects are stronger in experimental research designs than observational ones. This research echoes the increasing attention dedicated to the importance of context to representative bureaucracy research and contributes to a more refined theoretical exploration of symbolic representation.
The four stages of neighborhood trust: Classic grounded theory
Authors: Beese Shawna , Graves Janessa M. , Postma Julie , Oneal Gail 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionNeighborhoods are often overlooked as a determinant of health. Among recent research, the focus on “place‐based effects,” due to prolonged residential environmental exposure, has been of particular interest. These studies' purpose is to identify and examine how a healthy neighborhood is intentionally created to describe a transferable process‐driven theory.MethodA classic grounded theory approach was used in these studies. Data sources include individual in‐depth interviews, historical documents, and a member‐checking focus group, collected over 3‐years.ResultsAnalysis generated the Four Stages of Neighborhood Trust Model, which is nested within the context of perceived neighborhood safety. The theory outlines a social process of four stages of neighborhood trust: (a) rules‐based agreements, (b) shared values, (c) cooperation, and (d) neighborhood belonging.ConclusionsWe present the development of a process‐driven theory that may be useful for public health nurses as they engage neighborhoods in health promotion activities. The stage of trust development will aid the nurse in identifying what is needed to move to the next stage in a healthy neighborhood process.
‘We’ in English language textbooks for Japanese high school students
Authors: Gonja Chika , Musaev Talaibek 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn a globalised educational context, recognising English as an International Language is crucial for fostering cultural diversity in learning materials. This study examines the representation of ‘we’ in 24 government‐approved English textbooks for the course ‘English Communication I’, under Japan's 2018 national curriculum, aiming to understand the cultural and linguistic inclusivity portrayed. An analysis of 247 instances of ‘we’ associated with human characters revealed a pronounced bias towards ‘native’ English speakers, predominantly from the United States, while noticeably excluding ‘non‐native’ speakers, especially from neighbouring Asian countries. These findings underscore an imbalance that could influence Japanese students’ perceptions of global English speakers, potentially impacting their identity formation and intercultural competence. This study advocates for a more inclusive approach in textbook development, emphasising the need for representations that reflect English user's global diversity. Such an approach can contribute to a more comprehensive English language education, aligning national identity with global engagement.
Multi-center evaluation of the Research Use Only NeuMoDx monkeypox virus (MPXV) fully automated real-time PCR assay
Authors: Mostafa Heba H. , Wall Gavin , Su Szu-Chi , Hysa Gerta , Gong Lijie , Dadjeu Urbain Charly , Cheung Helen , Pekosz Andrew , De Smet Delphine , Sklenovská Nikola , Laenen Lies , Viñuela Laura , de Salazar Adolfo , Fuentes Ana , Padalko Elizaveta , Garcia Federico 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

The mpox outbreak, caused by monkeypox virus (MPXV), accelerated the development of molecular diagnostics. In this study, we detail the evaluation of the Research Use Only (RUO) NeuMoDx MPXV assay by multiple European and US sites. The assay was designed and developed by Qiagen for the NeuMoDx Molecular Systems. Primers and probes were tested for specificity and inclusivity
in silico
. The analytical sensitivity of the assay was determined by testing dilutions of synthetic and genomic MPXV DNA. A total of 296 clinical samples were tested by three sites; the Johns Hopkins University (US), UZ Gent (Belgium, Europe), and Hospital Universitario San Cecilio (Spain, Europe). The analytical sensitivity of the assay was 50 copies/mL for both clades I and II. The assay showed 100%
in silico
identity for 80 clade I and 99.98%
in silico
identity for 5,162 clade II genomes. Clade II primers and probes showed 100%
in silico
specificity; however, identity of at least one of the two sets of clade I primers and probes with variola, cowpox, camelpox, and vaccinia viruses was noticed. The clinical validation showed sensitivity of 99.21% [95% confidence interval (CI): 95.66–99.98%] and specificity of 96.64% (95% CI: 91.62–99.08%) for lesion swab samples. The NeuMoDx MPXV Test shows acceptable analytical and clinical performance. The assay improves the laboratory’s workflow as it consolidates nucleic acid extraction, PCR, data analysis, and interpretation and can be interfaced. The Test Strip can differentiate clades I and II, which has important laboratory safety implications.

IMPORTANCE

In this manuscript, we provide detailed
in silico
analysis and clinical evaluation of the assay using a large cohort of clinical samples across three academic centers in Europe and the United States. Because the assay differentiates MPXV clades I and II, this manuscript is timely due to the current need to rule out the regulated clade I by diagnostic clinical laboratories. In December 2023, and due to first report of cases of sexually transmitted clade I infections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, when generic assays that do not differentiate the clades are used, samples are considered regulated. The assay meets the need of full automation and has a marked positive impact on the laboratory workflow.
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α mediates reflux-induced epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in Barrett’s oesophagus patients
Authors: Zhang Qiuyang , Dunbar Kerry B , Odze Robert D , Agoston Agoston T , Wang Xuan , Su Tianhong , Nguyen Anh D , Zhang Xi , Spechler Stuart Jon , Souza Rhonda F 
Published: April 2024

Introduction
Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP), the process through which epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal features, is needed for wound repair but also might contribute to cancer initiation. Earlier, in vitro studies showed that Barrett’s cells exposed to acidic bile salt solutions (ABS) develop EMP. Now, we have (1) induced reflux oesophagitis in Barrett’s oesophagus (BO) patients by stopping proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), (2) assessed their biopsies for EMP and (3) explored molecular pathways underlying reflux-induced EMP in BO cells and spheroids.

Methods
15 BO patients had endoscopy with biopsies of Barrett’s metaplasia while on PPIs, and 1 and 2 weeks after stopping PPIs; RNA-seq data were assessed for enrichments in hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), angiogenesis and EMP pathways. In BO biopsies, cell lines and spheroids, EMP features (motility) and markers (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), ZEB1, miR-200a&b) were evaluated by morphology, migration assays, immunostaining and qPCR; HIF-1α was knocked down with siRNA or shRNA.

Results
At 1 and/or 2 weeks off PPIs, BO biopsies exhibited EMP features and markers, with significant enrichment for HIF-1α, angiogenesis and EMP pathways. In BO cells, ABS induced HIF-1α activation, which decreased miR-200a&b while increasing VEGF, ZEB1 and motility; HIF-1α knockdown blocked these effects. After ABS treatment, BO spheroids exhibited migratory protrusions showing nuclear HIF-1α, increased VEGF and decreased miR-200a&b.

Conclusions
In BO patients, reflux oesophagitis induces EMP changes associated with increased HIF-1α signalling in Barrett’s metaplasia. In Barrett’s cells, ABS trigger EMP via HIF-1α signalling. Thus, HIF-1α appears to play a key role in mediating reflux-induced EMP that might contribute to cancer in BO.

Trial registration number

NCT02579460
.
Early career wins and tournament prestige characterize tennis players’ trajectories
Authors: Zappalà Chiara , Sousa Sandro , Cunha Tiago , Pluchino Alessandro , Rapisarda Andrea , Sinatra Roberta 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSuccess in sports is a complex phenomenon that has only garnered limited research attention. In particular, we lack a deep scientific understanding of success in sports like tennis and the factors that contribute to it. Here, we study the unfolding of tennis players’ careers to understand the role of early career stages and the impact of specific tournaments on players’ trajectories. We employ a comprehensive approach combining network science and analysis of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) tournament data and introduce a novel method to quantify tournament prestige based on the eigenvector centrality of the co-attendance network of tournaments. Focusing on the interplay between participation in central tournaments and players’ performance, we find that the level of the tournament where players achieve their first win is associated with becoming a top player. This work sheds light on the critical role of the initial stages in the progression of players’ careers, offering valuable insights into the dynamics of success in tennis.
Quantum image representations based on density matrices in open quantum systems
Authors: Hu Yingying , Lu Dayong , Zhang Qianqian , Xu Meiyu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSo far, research on quantum image representation has gone through more than 20 years. During this time, the quantum image representation models used have almost all been based on state vectors. However, in practical problems, the environment and the principal quantum system cannot be separated, and isolated quantum systems do not exist in principle. This case is often referred to as an open quantum system. In open quantum systems, many problems involve density matrices, such as the calculation of Von Neumann entropy, the quantization of coherence, and the operator-sum representations of quantum operations. Therefore, the existing quantum image representation models are only suitable for closed quantum systems. To this end, the paper proposes three models that can not only represent quantum images in an open quantum system but also decompose the evolution process of quantum images utilizing operator-sum decomposition. These three models are the representation model of quantum gray-scale images, the tensor product representation model of quantum color images, and the representation model of quantum color images based on mixed states in the Bloch sphere, respectively. All these image representation models have strong correlations among them and are very different from their classical analogues. Between them, the biggest difference is that the paper employs density matrices, inspired by incoherent-coherent states, to represent quantum images rather than classical state vectors. By means of one of the representation models proposed in the paper, we finally demonstrate the evolution process of the quantum image going through the amplitude damping channel.
Documento de interesse para a geografia histórica de São Paulo
Authors: Tulik Olga 
Published: April 2024

The “Planta da Estrada entre as Cidades de São Paulo e de Santos, levantada em 1831 por J.M. de Vasconcelos, e copiada em 1848 por Machado de Oliveira” is one of the several cartographic records existed in the Library of Museu Paulista of University of São Paulo. Having detailed information of great geographical and historical importance this plan becomes a helpful source for the acquaintance with the spatial organization as well as for the study of the apropriation and proporty of the land represented in that area.