bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MoMkk1 and MoAtg1 dichotomously regulating autophagy and pathogenicity through MoAtg9 phosphorylation in
Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Kong Yun , Guo Pusheng , Xu Jiayun , Li Jiaxu , Wu Miao , Zhang Ziqi , Wang Yifan , Liu Xinyu , Yang Leiyun , Liu Muxing , Zhang Haifeng , Wang Ping , Zhang Zhengguang 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Autophagy is a central biodegradation pathway critical in eliminating intracellular cargo to maintain cellular homeostasis and improve stress resistance. At the same time, the key component of the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade regulating cell wall integrity signaling MoMkk1 has an essential role in the autophagy of the rice blast fungus
Magnaporthe oryzae
. Still, the mechanism of how MoMkk1 regulates autophagy is unclear. Interestingly, we found that MoMkk1 regulates the autophagy protein MoAtg9 through phosphorylation. MoAtg9 is a transmembrane protein subjected to phosphorylation by autophagy-related protein kinase MoAtg1. Here, we provide evidence demonstrating that MoMkk1-dependent MoAtg9 phosphorylation is required for phospholipid translocation during isolation membrane stages of autophagosome formation, an autophagic process essential for the development and pathogenicity of the fungus. In contrast, MoAtg1-dependent phosphorylation of MoAtg9 negatively regulates this process, also impacting growth and pathogenicity. Our studies are the first to demonstrate that MoAtg9 is subject to MoMkk1 regulation through protein phosphorylation and that MoMkk1 and MoAtg1 dichotomously regulate autophagy to underlie the growth and pathogenicity of
M. oryzae
.

IMPORTANCE

Magnaporthe oryzae
utilizes multiple signaling pathways to promote colonization of host plants. MoMkk1, a cell wall integrity signaling kinase, plays an essential role in autophagy governed by a highly conserved autophagy kinase MoAtg1-mediated pathway. How MoMkk1 regulates autophagy in coordination with MoAtg1 remains elusive. Here, we provide evidence that MoMkk1 phosphorylates MoAtg9 to positively regulate phospholipid translocation during the isolation membrane or smaller membrane structures stage of autophagosome formation. This is in contrast to the negative regulation of MoAtg9 by MoAtg1 for the same process. Intriguingly, MoMkk1-mediated MoAtg9 phosphorylation enhances the fungal infection of rice, whereas MoAtg1-dependant MoAtg9 phosphorylation significantly attenuates it. Taken together, we revealed a novel mechanism of autophagy and virulence regulation by demonstrating the dichotomous functions of MoMkk1 and MoAtg1 in the regulation of fungal autophagy and pathogenicity.
Complete genome sequence of
Bradyrhizobium ottawaense
strain MIAE 01942 isolated from soybean nodules grown in antibiotic-amended soil
Authors: Scott Andrew , Topp Edward , Revellin Cécile , Hartmann Alain , Fruci Michael 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Bradyrhizobium ottawaense
MIAE 01942 is a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from the root nodules of soybeans grown in agricultural soils amended with veterinary antibiotics. The genome consists of a single 8.45 Mb circular chromosome that harbors genes involved in nitrogen fixation, denitrification, and antibiotic and metal resistance.
Genome sequence of
Umezawaea
sp. strain Da 62-37 isolated from the rhizosphere of
Deschampsia antarctica
E.Desv. (Galindez Island, maritime Antarctic)
Authors: Roman Ivan , Tistechok Stepan , Gromyko Oleksandr 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

In this study, we present the genome sequence of
Umezawaea
sp. strain Da 62-37, which was isolated from the rhizosphere of
Deschampsia antarctica
E.Desv. (Galindez Island, maritime Antarctic). The
de novo
assembly produced one contig, with a length of 11,793,683 bp. AntiSMASH analysis indicated 49 biosynthetic gene clusters.
Complete genome sequence of
Bacillus pumilus
F12-21, a halotolerant bacterium with antibacterial properties isolated from a Big Bone Lick State Park salt spring
Authors: Kirchner Gretchen , Carter Jance , Treves David S. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Bacillus pumilus
F12-21 is a halotolerant bacterium isolated from a sulfur-enriched salt spring. F12-21 inhibits bacteria of human health interest and bacterial salt spring co-inhabitants. We report the genome of
Bacillus pumilus
F12-21, with a predicted genome of 3.77 Mbp containing 3,732 protein-coding genes, 80 tRNAs, and 24 rRNAs.
Draft genome sequence of
Bacillus velezensis
strain 3TSA-3, a potential probiotic for Pacific white shrimp
Penaeus vannamei
postlarvae isolated from commercial hatchery tanks
Authors: Reyes Guillermo , Betancourt Irma , Borbor Martha , Bayot Bonny 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

We report the draft genome of
Bacillus velezensis
strain 3TSA-3, isolated from Pacific white shrimp
Penaeus vannamei
postlarvae collected from a hatchery tank with high survival despite the presence of pathogenic
Vibrio
. The strain possesses genes encoding bacteriocins and lacks virulence factor genes, characteristics for a potential aquaculture probiotic.
Genome sequencing of severe acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19 EF.1 variant strain obtained from a Moroccan patient
Authors: Ouchari Lahcen , Hemlali Mouhssine , Ghammaz Hamza , Chouati Taha , Melloul Marouane , Alaoui Amine Sanaâ , Rhoulam Safaa , Elannaz Hicham , Touil Nadia , Ennibi Khalid , El Fahime Elmostafa 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the identification and coding-complete genome sequence of a severe acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) strain obtained from a Moroccan patient. The detected strain EF.1 belongs to the BQ1.1 subvariant of the BA.5 Omicron variant.
Prevalence of strabismus and risk factors in adults born preterm with and without retinopathy of prematurity: results from the Gutenberg Prematurity Eye study
Authors: Fieß Achim , Dautzenberg Kim , Gißler Sandra , Mildenberger Eva , Urschitz Michael S , Elflein Heike M , Laspas Panagiotis , Stoffelns Bernhard M , Pfeiffer Norbert , Schuster Alexander K 
Published: March 2024

Aim
The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of strabismus and nystagmus and to analyse associated factors in preterm and full-term infants in adulthood.

Methods
The Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study is a retrospective cohort study with a prospective ophthalmological examination of participants born preterm and full-term (aged 18–52 years). Perinatal data were carefully assessed for risk factors and comprehensive ophthalmological examinations were conducted. The association between strabismus and nystagmus was assessed by analysing 16 different perinatal and actual risk factors in multivariable analysis. Participants were grouped into full-term controls (gestational age (GA) at birth ≥37 weeks), preterm participants without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and GA 33–36 weeks (group 2), GA 29–32 weeks (group 3), GA ≤28 weeks (group 4), non-treated ROP (group 5) and treated ROP (group 6).

Results
In total, 892 eyes of 450 preterm and full-term individuals (mean age: 28.6 years, SD: ± 8.6 years, 251 females) were included. Strabismus was observed in 2.1% (3/140), 6.6% (9/137), 17.4% (16/92), 11.1% (2/18), 27.1% (13/48) and 60% (9/15) of participants and nystagmus in 0.7% (1/140), 1.5% (2/137), 4.3% (4/92), 5.6% (1/18), 10.4% (5/48) and 26.7% (4/15) of participants in the respective groups. In the multivariable regression model, strabismus was associated with GA (OR=0.90; p=0.046), anisometropia ≥1.5 diopter (OR=3.87; p=0.003), hypermetropia ≥2 diopter (OR=9.89; p<0.001) and astigmatism ≥1.5 diopter (OR=2.73; p=0.017). Esotropia was more frequent than exotropia and hypermetropia/hypometropia. Most strabismus cases occurred within the first 10 years of life. The strongest predictor associated with nystagmus was perinatal adverse events (OR=15.8; p=0.002).

Conclusion
Low GA and refraction of the eye are independent risk factors for strabismus, which typically occurs in the first 10 years of life. Perinatal adverse events are the most important factors for the presence of nystagmus in adulthood.
Role of motivation and well-being indicators in interventions to improve well-being at work among primary care physicians: a systematic review
Authors: Florez Adriana , Villar-Hoz Esperanza 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveThe well-being of primary care physicians (PCPs) has become an object of concern for governments due to staff shortages and high staff turnover. The objective of this study was to carry out a systematic review of individualised interventions aimed at improving the well-being of PCPs, which allowed us to determine (1) the type of interventions being carried out; (2) the well-being indicators being used and the instruments used to assess them; (3) the theories proposed to support the interventions and the mechanisms of action (MoA) put forward to explain the results obtained and (4) the role that individual motivation plays in the interventions to improve well-being among PCPs.DesignSystematic review.Eligibility criteriaClinical trials on interventions aimed at improving the well-being of PCPs.Information sources: a search of studies published between 2000 and 2022 was carried out in MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science (WOS).ResultsFrom the search, 250 articles were retrieved. The two authors each reviewed the articles independently, duplicate articles and those that did not meet the inclusion criteria were discarded. A total of 14 studies that met the criteria were included: 6 randomised clinical trials, 4 controlled clinical trials and 4 unique cohorts, with a before-and-after assessment of the intervention, involving a total of 655 individuals participating in the interventions. A meta-analysis was not possible due to the heterogeneity of the studies.ConclusionsThe information evaluated is insufficient to accurately assess which outcomes are the best indicators of PCPs well-being or what role plays in the individual motivation in the results of the interventions. More studies need to be carried out on the subject to determine the MoA of the different interventions on the results and the motivation of the participating PCPs.
Exploring the experiences of mental health nurses in the management of schizophrenia in the Upper East Region of Ghana: a qualitative study
Authors: Daliri Dennis Bomansang , Laari Timothy Tienbia , Abagye Nancy , Afaya Agani 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveSchizophrenia is a chronic condition, of which the diagnosis and management require comprehensive care. The role mental health nurses play in this management cannot be overemphasised. In an effort to give their best, several challenges confront them which need to be sought and addressed. This study aimed to explore the factors that influence the management of schizophrenia by mental health nurses in the Upper East Region.Design and participantsA descriptive phenomenology design was used in this study. Individual in-depth interviews were conducted among 18 purposively sampled mental health nurses using a semistructured interview guide. Audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically using Colaizzi’s approach.SettingThe study was conducted in five primary and secondary-level health facilities in the Upper East Region of Ghana.FindingsFive themes were deduced from the theoretical framework, which were as follows: individual factors, interpersonal factors, organisational factors, community-level factors, and policy-level factors. At the individual level, factors such as the condition of the patient at presentation, medication side effects, inadequate knowledge, and poor adherence were identified. Interpersonal factors identified were poor communication, lack of mutual respect, and poor communication, while organisational factors such as inadequate staff, inadequate infrastructure and logistics, and unavailability of antipsychotics were reported. Moreover, the study identified community-level factors such as stigma and cultural beliefs, while policy-level factors such as laws regarding suicide, patient rights, and non-inclusion of mental health services into the National Health Insurance Scheme were reported as factors influencing the management of schizophrenia by mental health nurses.ConclusionsAddressing these factors is essential to ensure sustainable improvements and the effective management of schizophrenia. It is imperative to consider these factors when designing interventions and policies to optimise the management of schizophrenia by mental health nurses in Ghana.
Barriers and facilitators to pressure ulcer prevention behaviours by older people living in their own homes and their lay carers: a qualitative study
Authors: Roddis Jennifer , Dyson Judith , Woodhouse Marjolein , Devrell Anne , Oakley Karen , Cowdell Fiona 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveTo identify barriers and facilitators to pressure ulcer prevention behaviours in community-dwelling older people and their lay carers.DesignTheoretically informed qualitative interviews with two-phase, deductive then inductive, thematic analysis.SettingThe study was conducted in one geographical region in the UK, spanning several community National Health Service Trusts.ParticipantsCommunity-dwelling older patients at risk of pressure ulcer development (n=10) and their lay carers (n=10).ResultsSix themes and subthemes were identified: (1) knowledge and beliefs about consequences (nature, source, timing and taboo); (2) social and professional role and influences (who does what, conflicting advice and disagreements); (3) motivation and priorities (competing self-care needs and carer physical ability); (4) memory; (5) emotion (carer exhaustion and isolation, carergiver role conflict and patient feelings) and (6) environment (human resource shortage and equipment).ConclusionsThere is minimal research in pressure ulcer prevention in community-dwelling older people. This study has robustly applied the theoretical domains framework to understanding barriers and facilitators to pressure ulcer prevention behaviours. Our findings will support co-design of strategies to promote preventative behaviours and are likely to be transferable to comparable healthcare systems nationally and internationally.
Measurement of the prompt fission $$\gamma $$-rays from slow neutron-induced fission of $$^{235}$$U with STEFF
Authors:   The n_TOF Collaboration (www.cern.ch/ntof), Wright T. , Smith A. G. , Sosnin N. V. , Bennett S. A. , Davies P. J. , Popescu A. V. , Ryan J. A. , Sekhar A. , Warren S. , Aberle O. , Amaducci S. , Andrzejewski J. , Audouin L. , Bacak M. , Balibrea J. , Barbagallo M. , Bečvář F. , Berthoumieux E. , Billowes J. , Bosnar D. , Brown A. , Caamaño M. , Calviño F. , Calviani M. , Cano-Ott D. , Cardella R. , Casanovas A. , Cerutti F. , Chen Y. H. , Chiaveri E. , Colonna N. , Cortés G. , Cortés-Giraldo M. A. , Cosentino L. , Damone L. A. , Diakaki M. , Domingo-Pardo C. , Dressler R. , Dupont E. , Durán I. , Fernández-Domínguez B. , Ferrari A. , Ferreira P. , Finocchiaro P. , Furman V. , Göbel K. , García A. R. , Gawlik-Ramięga A. , Gilardoni S. , Glodariu T. , Gonçalves I. F. , González-Romero E. , Griesmayer E. , Guerrero C. , Gunsing F. , Harada H. , Heinitz S. , Heyse J. , Jenkins D. G. , Jericha E. , Käppeler F. , Kadi Y. , Kalamara A. , Kavrigin P. , Kimura A. , Kivel N. , Kokkoris M. , Krtička M. , Kurtulgil D. , Leal-Cidoncha E. , Lederer-Woods C. , Leeb H. , Lerendegui-Marco J. , Meo S. Lo , Lonsdale S. J. , Macina D. , Manna A. , Marganiec J. , Martínez T. , Masi A. , Massimi C. , Mastinu P. , Mastromarco M. , Maugeri E. A. , Mazzone A. , Mendoza E. , Mengoni A. , Milazzo P. M. , Mingrone F. , Musumarra A. , Negret A. , Nolte R. , Oprea A. , Patronis N. , Pavlik A. , Perkowski J. , Porras I. , Praena J. , Quesada J. M. , Radeck D. , Rauscher T. , Reifarth R. , Rubbia C. , Sabaté-Gilarte M. , Saxena A. , Schillebeeckx P. , Schumann D. , Sedyshev P. , Stamatopoulos A. , Tagliente G. , Tain J. L. , Tarifeño-Saldivia A. , Tassan-Got L. , Valenta S. , Vannini G. , Variale V. , Vaz P. , Ventura A. , Vlachoudis V. , Vlastou R. , Wallner A. , Weiss C. , Woods P. J. , Žugec P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe average energy and multiplicity of prompt $$\gamma $$
γ
-rays from slow neutron-induced fission of $$^{235}$$

235

U have been measured using the STEFF spectrometer at the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF. The individual responses from 11 NaI scintillators were corrected for multiple $$\gamma $$
γ
-ray interactions, prompt fission neutrons and background counts before being deconvolved to estimate the emitted spectrum of prompt fission $$\gamma $$
γ
-rays. The results give an average $$\gamma $$
γ
-ray energy $${\bar{E}}_{\gamma }$$

E

¯

γ

of 1.71(5) MeV and multiplicity $$\bar{\nu }_{\gamma }$$

ν

¯

γ

of 2.66(18) considering $$\gamma $$
γ
-rays emitted within the energy range 0.8–6.8 MeV. The n_TOF data has a slightly larger $${\bar{E}}_{\gamma }$$

E

¯

γ

and smaller $$\bar{\nu }_{\gamma }$$

ν

¯

γ

than other recent measurements, however the product of the two is in agreement within quoted uncertainties.
Stimulated decay of collapsing axion stars and fast radio bursts
Authors: Di Haoran 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe radiation mechanism of fast radio bursts (FRBs) has been extensively studied but still remains elusive. In the search for dark matter candidates, the QCD axion and axionlike particles (ALPs) have emerged as prominent possibilities. These elusive particles can aggregate into dense structures called axion stars through Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC). Such axion stars could constitute a significant portion of the mysterious dark matter in the universe. When these axion stars grow beyond a critical mass, usually through processes like accretion or merging, they undergo a self-driven collapse. Traditionally, for spherically symmetric axion clumps, the interaction between axions and photons does not lead to parametric resonance, especially when the QCD axion-photon coupling is at standard levels. Nevertheless, our study indicates that even QCD axion stars with typical coupling values can trigger stimulated decay during their collapse, rather than producing relativistic axions through self-interactions. This process results in short radio bursts, with durations of around 0.1 s, and can be potentially observed using radio telescopes like FAST or SKA. Furthermore, we find that collapsing axion stars for ALPs with specific parameters may emit radio bursts lasting just milliseconds with a peak luminosity of $$1.60\times 10^{42}\,\mathrm{erg/s}$$

1.60
×

10
42

erg
/
s

, matching the characteristics of the observed non-repeating FRBs.
Cigarette Smoking and E-cigarette Use Induce Shared DNA Methylation Changes Linked to Carcinogenesis
Authors: Herzog Chiara , Jones Allison , Evans Iona , Raut Janhavi R. , Zikan Michal , Cibula David , Wong Andrew , Brenner Hermann , Richmond Rebecca C. , Widschwendter Martin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Tobacco use is a major modifiable risk factor for adverse health outcomes, including cancer, and elicits profound epigenetic changes thought to be associated with long-term cancer risk. While electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have been advocated as harm reduction alternatives to tobacco products, recent studies have revealed potential detrimental effects, highlighting the urgent need for further research into the molecular and health impacts of e-cigarettes. Here, we applied computational deconvolution methods to dissect the cell- and tissue-specific epigenetic effects of tobacco or e-cigarette use on DNA methylation (DNAme) in over 3,500 buccal/saliva, cervical, or blood samples, spanning epithelial and immune cells at directly and indirectly exposed sites. The 535 identified smoking-related DNAme loci [cytosine-phosphate-guanine sites (CpG)] clustered into four functional groups, including detoxification or growth signaling, based on cell type and anatomic site. Loci hypermethylated in buccal epithelial cells of smokers associated with NOTCH1/RUNX3/growth factor receptor signaling also exhibited elevated methylation in cancer tissue and progressing lung carcinoma in situ lesions, and hypermethylation of these sites predicted lung cancer development in buccal samples collected from smokers up to 22 years prior to diagnosis, suggesting a potential role in driving carcinogenesis. Alarmingly, these CpGs were also hypermethylated in e-cigarette users with a limited smoking history. This study sheds light on the cell type–specific changes to the epigenetic landscape induced by smoking-related products.

Significance:
The use of both cigarettes and e-cigarettes elicits cell- and exposure-specific epigenetic effects that are predictive of carcinogenesis, suggesting caution when broadly recommending e-cigarettes as aids for smoking cessation.
Impact of Incomplete Revascularization After PCI in Left Main Disease: The EXCEL Trial
Authors: Ali Ziad A. , Garcia Javier Jas , Karimi Galougahi Keyvan , Horst Jennifer , Gallo Anthony , Shin Doosup , Ben-Yehuda Ori , Chen Shmuel , Redfors Björn , Kappetein Arie Pieter , Sabik Joseph F. , Serruys Patrick W. , Stone Gregg W. 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
The importance of complete revascularization after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with left main coronary artery disease is uncertain. We investigated the clinical impact of complete revascularization in patients with left main coronary artery disease undergoing PCI in the EXCEL trial (Evaluation of XIENCE Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Effectiveness of Left Main Revascularization).

METHODS:
Composite rates of death or myocardial infarction (MI) following PCI during 5-year follow-up were examined in 903 patients based on core laboratory definitions of anatomic and functional complete revascularization, residual SYNTAX score (The Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery), and residual Jeopardy Score (rJS).

RESULTS:

The risk of death or MI did not vary based on anatomic, functional, or residual SYNTAX score complete revascularization but did differ according to the rJS (5-year rates 17.6%, 19.5%, and 38.9% with rJS 0, 2, and ≥4, respectively;
P
=0.006). The higher rate of death or MI with rJS≥4 versus rJS≤2 was driven conjointly by increased mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.29 [95% CI, 1.11–4.71];
P
=0.02) and spontaneous MI (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.89 [95% CI, 1.17–7.17];
P
=0.02). The most common location for untreated severe stenoses in the rJS≥4 group was the left circumflex artery (LCX), and the post-PCI absence, compared with the presence, of any untreated lesion with diameter stenosis ≥70% in the LCX was associated with reduced 5-year rates of death or MI (18.9% versus 35.2%; hazard ratio, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.32–0.74];
P
<0.001). The risk was the highest for residual ostial/proximal LCX lesions.

CONCLUSIONS:
Among patients undergoing PCI in EXCEL trial, incomplete revascularization according to the rJS was associated with increased rates of death and spontaneous MI. Post-PCI untreated high-grade lesions in the LCX (especially the ostial/proximal LCX) drove these outcomes.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01205776.