bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AP180 and CALM in the developing hippocampus: Expression at the nascent synapse and localization to trafficking organelles
Authors: Petralia Ronald S. , Yao Pamela J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractGenetic and biochemical evidence has established that clathrin assembly protein AP180 is required for the proper assembly of synaptic vesicles via clathrin‐mediated endocytosis. The assembly protein CALM, the ubiquitously expressed homolog of AP180, also regulates the formation of clathrin‐coated vesicles. In this study we found high expression levels of AP180 and CALM in hippocampal tissues as early as embryonic day 18, before the expression of synaptophysin. We also used immunoelectron microscopy to establish the distribution of AP180 and CALM in the developing hippocampal synapses. We found AP180 and CALM in synapses at all developmental stages and in nonsynaptic growing processes. In addition to localization on the plasma membrane and clathrin‐coated vesicles that originated from the plasma membrane, we also report the presence of AP180 and CALM on other types of membrane structures. Our observations link AP180 and CALM to multiple vesicular organelles and raise the possibility that these proteins may play additional roles in developing neurons. J. Comp. Neurol. 504:314–327, 2007. Published 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Synthesis and Characterisation of Ferromagnetic CaMn2O4 Nanowires
Authors: Arnold Donna C. , Kazakova Olga , Audoit Guillaume , Tobin Joseph M. , Kulkarni Jaideep S. , Nikitenko Sergey , Morris Michael A. , Holmes Justin D. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe synthesis of marokite CaMn2O4 nanowires using a hydrothermal method is reported. Transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction measurements show that the nanowires are polycrystalline in nature with diameters between 10 and 20 nm and lengths ranging from approximately 100 to 500 nm. Most interestingly, in contrast with the bulk material, magnetization measurements show that these nanowires exhibit ferromagnetic ordering with a Curie temperature (TC) of approximately 40 K.
The Structure of the First Supramolecular α‐Cyclodextrin Complex with an Aliphatic Monofunctional Carboxylic Acid
Authors: Rodríquez‐Llamazares Saddys , Yutronic Nicolás , Jara Paul , Englert Ulli , Noyong Michael , Simon Ulrich 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe crystal structure of the supramolecular complex between α‐cyclodextrin and decanoic acid was determined: The aliphatic chain of the carboxylic acid is threaded through a head‐to‐head dimer of two cyclodextrin residues, resulting in a 1:2 stoichiometry. Head‐to‐head orientation is also observed between neighboring complexes. The overall degree of hydration with 25 water molecules per supramolecular complex is remarkably high. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Implementation of chemometric methodology in ACE: Predictive investigation of protein–ligand binding
Authors: Hanrahan Grady , Montes Ruth E. , Pao Amaris , Johnson Amos , Gomez Frank A. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAn ACE predictive investigation of protein–ligand binding using a highly effective chemometric response surface design technique is presented. Here, Kd was estimated using one noninteracting standard which relates to changes in the electrophoretic mobility of carbonic anhydrase B (CAB, EC 4.2.1.1) on complexation with the ligand 4‐carboxybenzenesulfonamide (CBSA) present in the electrophoresis buffer. Experimental factors including injection time, capillary length, and applied voltage were selected and tested at three levels in a Box–Behnken design. Statistical analysis results were used to create a mathematical model for response surface prediction via contour and surface plots at a given target response (Kd = 1.19×10−6 M). As expected, there were a number of predicted solutions that reached our target response based on the significance of each factor at appropriate levels. The adequacy of the model was validated by experimental runs with the predicted model solution (capillary length = 47 cm, voltage = 11 kV, injection time = 0.01 min) presented in detail as an example.
Fabrication of a monolithic sampling probe system for automated and continuous sample introduction in microchip‐based CE
Authors: He Qiao‐Hong , Fang Qun , Du Wen‐Bin , Fang Zhao‐Lun 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA fabrication process for producing monolithic sampling probes on glass chips, with tip diameters of a few hundred micrometers was developed, using simple tools including a glass cutter and a bench drill. Microfluidic chips with probes fabricated by this approach were coupled to a linearly moving slotted‐vial array sample presentation system for performing continuous sample introduction in the chip‐based CE system. On‐chip horizontal tubular reservoirs containing working electrolyte and waste were used to maintain a stable hydrostatic pressure in the chip channels during prolonged working periods. The performance of the system was demonstrated in the separation of FITC‐labeled amino acids with LIF detection, by continuously introducing a train of different samples without interruption. Throughputs of 30–60/h were achieved with <1.0% carry‐over and reproducibilities in peak height of 3.6, 3.3, and 3.5% RSD for arginine, FITC, and phenylalanine, respectively (n = 11). Continuous analysis of a mixture of FITC‐labeled amino acids for 2 h, involving 60 analytical cycles, yielded an RSD of 7.5 and 6.8% for arginine and FITC (n = 60), respectively. An extremely low sample consumption of 30 nL for each analysis was obtained. Separation efficiencies in plate numbers were in the range of 0.8–2×105/m. In addition to the application in sample introduction, the sample/reagent introduction system was also used to produce working electrolyte gradients during a CE separation to improve the separation efficiency. Comparing with isocratic electrophoresis separation, gradient CE demonstrated better separation efficiencies for a mixture of FITC‐labeled amino acids.
Use of multiplex PCR and CE for gene dosage quantification and its biomedical applications for SMN, PMP22, and α‐globin genes
Authors: Hung Chia‐Cheng , Chien Shu‐Chin , Lin Chia‐Yun , Chang Chien‐Hui , Chang Yin‐Fei , Jong Yuh‐Jyh , Hsieh Sung‐Tsang , Hsieh Wu‐Shiun , Liu Ming S. , Lin Win‐Li , Lee Chien‐Nan , Su Yi‐Ning 
Published: July 2007

AbstractMany genetic diseases are caused by the presence of point mutations, small insertions, and deletions in respective genes, and the number of diseases known to be caused by deletions and duplications involving large DNA genomes is increasing. These changes lead to underexpression or overexpression of the gene, according to changes in gene dosage. The methods for the detection of point mutations, small insertions, and deletions are well established, but the detection of larger genomic deletions or duplications is more difficult. Due to the lack of efficient and technically feasible protocols for gene dosage quantification, we describe a diagnostic protocol employing a combination of available methods. The efficient and accurate gene dosage quantification platform is combined with multiplex PCR and CE, and applied to detect dosages of several genes, including SMN, PMP22, and α‐globin genes. The reliability of this novel methodology shows that it is a relatively speedy and low‐cost procedure and a significant tool for genetic diagnosis. Its sensitivity and specificity for identifying deletion and duplication genotypes approach 100%. Moreover, once we establish this powerful system, we will further apply this technique to the rapid detection of trisomy syndromes and microdeletion syndromes, including trisomy 13, Down syndrome, DiGeorge syndrome, and others.
IPG with electrodic plateaus (and other unusual procedures for 2‐DE)
Authors: Gianazza Elisabetta , Rocco Alessandro Guerini , Marchetto Andrea , Vergani Lodovica 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe describe some simple changes to the geometry of the IPG strips that make them suitable to the loading of very large sample volumes and of high‐salt solutions. Of special relevance is the possibility of using strips with immobilized plateau(s) to either side of the gradient, or to both, also in connection with in‐gel rehydration protocols and focusing in stock trays. The only requirement to achieve this is to leave the all‐ready‐made attitude and go back to custom polymerization of the IPGs in one's laboratory.
Generalized Birnbaum‐Saunders distributions applied to air pollutant concentration
Authors: Leiva Víctor , Barros Michelli , Paula Gilberto A. , Sanhueza Antonio 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe generalized Birnbaum‐Saunders (GBS) distribution is a new class of positively skewed models with lighter and heavier tails than the traditional Birnbaum‐Saunders (BS) distribution, which is largely applied to study lifetimes. However, the theoretical argument and the interesting properties of the GBS model have made its application possible beyond the lifetime analysis. The aim of this paper is to present the GBS distribution as a useful model for describing pollution data and deriving its positive and negative moments. Based on these moments, we develop estimation and goodness‐of‐fit methods. Also, some properties of the proposed estimators useful for developing asymptotic inference are presented. Finally, an application with real data from Environmental Sciences is given to illustrate the methodology developed. This example shows that the empirical fit of the GBS distribution to the data is very good. Thus, the GBS model is appropriate for describing air pollutant concentration data, which produces better results than the lognormal model when the administrative target is determined for abating air pollution. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A systematic evaluation of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated gene does not show an association with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Sipahimalani Payal , Spinelli John J. , MacArthur Amy C. , Lai Agnes , Leach Stephen R. , Janoo‐Gilani Rozmin T. , Palmquist Diana L. , Connors Joseph M. , Gascoyne Randy D. , Gallagher Richard P. , Brooks‐Wilson Angela R. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene is critical for the detection and repair of DNA double‐stranded breaks. Mutations in this gene cause the autosomal recessive syndrome ataxia telangiectasia (AT), an attribute of which is an increased risk of cancer, particularly lymphoma. We have undertaken a population‐based case/control study to assess the influence of genetic variation in ATM on the risk of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). A number of the subtypes that constitute NHL have in common the occurrence of specific somatic translocations that contribute to lymphomagenesis. We hypothesize that ATM function is slightly attenuated by some variants, which could reduce double‐stranded break repair capacity, contributing to the occurrence of translocations and subsequent lymphomas. We sequenced the promoter and all exons of ATM in the germline DNA of 86 NHL patients and identified 79 variants. Eighteen of these variants correspond to nonsynonymous amino acid differences, 6 of which were predicted to be deleterious to protein function; these variants were all rare. Eleven common variants make up 10 haplotypes that are specified by 7 tagSNPs. Linkage disequilibrium across the ATM gene is high but incomplete. TagSNPs and the 6 putatively deleterious variants were genotyped in 798 NHL cases and 793 controls. Our results indicate that common variants of ATM do not significantly contribute to the risk of NHL in the general population. However, some rare, functionally deleterious variants may contribute to an increased risk of development of rare subtypes of the disease. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Polymorphisms in PTGS1, PTGS2 and IL‐10 do not influence colorectal adenoma recurrence in the context of a randomized aspirin intervention trial
Authors: Hubner Richard A. , Muir Kenneth R. , Liu Jo‐Fen , Logan Richard F.A. , Grainge Matthew J. , Houlston Richard S. ,   Members of the UKCAP Consortium
Published: July 2007

AbstractRegular use of aspirin and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs reduces both the development of colorectal neoplasia and recurrence of colorectal adenoma (CRA). Modulation of the effects of aspirin by genetic factors has been reported, potentially allowing targeting of treatment to individuals most likely to gain benefit. Prostaglandin H synthase 1 (PTGS1) and PTGS2 are key enzymes in prostaglandin synthesis and are inhibited by aspirin, whilst interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) is an important antiinflammatory cytokine. We investigated whether functional genetic polymorphisms in the PTGS1, PTGS2 and IL‐10 genes influence CRA recurrence in individuals participating in a randomized aspirin intervention trial. DNA was available for genotyping from 546 patients who received aspirin (300 mg daily) or placebo for a mean 41‐months' duration. Homozygote carriers of variant alleles for the PTGS1 50C>T, PTGS2 −765G>C and IL‐10 −592C>A polymorphisms did not have a significantly altered risk of CRA recurrence (relative risk [RR] = 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.14–6.07, RR = 1.32; 95%CI: 0.66–2.62 and RR = 1.24; 95% CI: 0.74–2.07, respectively). There were also no significant interactions between aspirin intervention and genotype in determining recurrence risk. These data indicate that these polymorphisms are unlikely to influence CRA recurrence and cannot be used to identify individuals who derive benefit from aspirin intervention. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The renal effects of alginates isolated from brown seaweed Sargassum vulgare
Authors: Sousa Alessandra de Paula Alves , Barbosa Paulo Sergio Ferreira , Torres Márcia Rocha , Martins Alice Maria Costa , Martins René Duarte , Alves Renata de Sousa , Sousa Daniel Freire de , Alves Claudênio Diógenes , Costa‐Lotufo Letícia Veras , Monteiro Helena Serra Azul 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAlginates isolated from Sargassum vulgare, present a strong antitumor activity, associated with kidney reversible damage, as analysed by histopathology of treated animals. In the present study, the renal alteration mechanisms of S. vulgare alginates were investigated using the isolated perfused rat kidney and the isolated perfused rat mesenteric blood vessel methods. The results showed that the effects of Sargassum vulgare low viscosity (SVLV) alginate were more potent than those of Sargassum vulgare high viscosity (SVHV) alginate in the isolated rat kidney. The SVLV alginate caused considerable changes in renal physiology, as shown by an increase in parameters such as perfusion pressure, renal vascular resistance, glomerular filtration rate, urinary flow and sodium, potassium and chloride excretion and by reduction of chloride tubular transport. The effects of SVHV were weaker than those of SVLV. The effects of SVLV on kidney could be related to direct vascular action as demonstrated with SVLV alginate on mesenteric blood vessels. In conclusion, the Sargassum vulgare alginate altered the renal function parameters evaluated. S. vulgare low viscosity alginate renal effects were more potent than S. vulgare high viscosity alginate. It is suggested that physicochemical differences between SVHV and SVLV could explain the differences found in the results. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bortrihalogenid‐Addukte von α‐Carbonyl‐diazoverbindungen
Authors: Fahr Egon , Dieter Hörmann Wolf 
Published: July 2007

Abstractα.α′‐Dicarbonyl‐diazoverbindungen geben mit Bortrifluorid oder Bortrichlorid kristalline, farblose bis schwachgelbe Addukte. Diese enthalten 2 Moleküle Bortrihalogenid auf 1 Molekül der α.α′‐Dicarbonyl‐diazoverbindung. Auf chemischem und IR‐spektroskopischem Wege konnte gezeigt werden, daß das Bortrihalogenid koordinativ an die Carbonylgruppen gebunden wird. Wie die – verglichen mit den α.α′‐Dicarbonyl‐diazoverbindungen – ins Kürzerwellige verschobenen Diazo‐Valenzschwingungsbanden zeigen, weisen die Addukte einen Bindungszustand der CN2‐Gruppierung auf, der demjenigen aromatischer Diazoniumsalze entspricht. – Diazoketone bilden mit Bortrifluorid gleichfalls Addukte, die jedoch so unbeständig sind, daß sie nur in einigen Fällen bei Raumtemperatur in Substanz erhalten werden konnten.
Monoacetylierte Dimere des 2‐Phenyl‐4‐hydroxy‐thiazols
Authors: Behringer Hans , Weber Dieter 
Published: July 2007

Abstract2‐Phenyl‐thiazolon‐(4) (Ia bzw. Ib) liefert mit Acetanhydrid, je nach den Bedingungen, entweder die O‐Acetylverbindung des Autokondensationsprodukts II (R = C6H5) oder ein labiles N‐Acetylderivat IIIa, das als Anlagerungsprodukt von 2‐Phenyl‐4‐hydroxy‐thiazol (Ib) an die CN‐Doppelbindung seines Tautomeren Ia formuliert wird. Letzteres wandelt sich beim Erhitzen in äthanol/Wasser in das isomere 2‐Phenyl‐4‐acetoxy‐5‐[4‐oxo‐2‐phenyl‐thiazolidinyl‐(2)]‐thiazol (VIIIa) um.
Über Orceinfarbstoffe, XXIII1). Die Autoxydation des 4.6‐Di‐tert.‐butyl‐resorcins
Authors: Musso Hans , Maaßen Dieter 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBei der Autoxydation des 4.6‐Di‐tert.‐butyl‐resorcins (13) in Alkali wird zunächst das Chinolhydroperoxyd 14 gebildet, das sich bei —20° in 96‐proz. Ausbeute isolieren läßt. Bei 20° erhält man dagegen das daraus entstandene Chinol 16 als Hauptprodukt neben wenig 5‐Hydroxy‐2‐tert.‐butyl‐chinon (23) und 6‐tert.‐Butoxy‐4‐tert.‐butyl‐resorcin (18). Das Peroxyd 14 wandelt sich über das Chinol 16 in den tert.‐Butyl‐äther 18 um. Beim trocknen Erhitzen zerfällt das Peroxyd in das Hydroxy‐chinon 23 und Isobutylen sowie andere Produkte. In heißer konzentrierter Lauge entsteht aus Peroxyd und Chinol 4‐Hydroxy‐1.2‐di‐tert.‐butyl‐cyclohexen‐(4)‐dion‐(3.6) (21). Die Konstitutionsermittlung der Produkte erfolgt vorwiegend spektroskopisch und wird z. T. durch Synthesen bestätigt.
Asymmetrische Induktionen, I. Konfigurationsspezifische Reduktionen von (±)‐α‐Dicarbonsäureimido‐und (±)‐α‐Acylamino‐propiophenonen
Authors: KarlMüller Horst , Werchan Hans‐Georg 
Published: July 2007

AbstractEs wurde der sterische Verlauf der Reduktion von Acylderivaten des (±)‐α‐Amino‐propiophenons untersucht. Beim Vergleich des sterisch dirigierenden Einflusses von Dicarbonsäure‐imidogruppen mit dem bestimmter Dicarbonsäureamide ergaben sich weitere Hinweise auf die Beziehungen, die zwischen der Konstitution der substituierten Aminogruppen in den Ausgangsketonen und der Konfiguration der Reduktionsprodukte bestehen. Aus einem substituierten Phthalamidsäureester entstand im alkoholischen Medium das zugehörige Phthalimidoderivat.
Asymmetrische Induktionen, II. Konfigurationsspezifische Reduktionen von (±)‐α‐Dialkylamino‐propiophenonen
Authors: KarlMüller Horst , Müller Editha 
Published: July 2007

AbstractRacemische α‐Dialkylamino‐propiophenone, in denen die Dialkylaminogruppen Methyl‐, Äthyl‐, Propyl‐ und Isopropylreste in verschiedenen Kombinationen enthalten, werden zu erythro‐Epimeren der zugehörigen Aminoalkohole reduziert.
Derivate des Methylendioxybenzols, XIII. Reaktionen der Schwefel‐ und Selenabkömmlinge des Methylendioxybenzols
Authors: Dallacker Franz , Eschelbach Friedrich‐Erhard , Zegers Herman 
Published: July 2007

AbstractEs wird über Alkylierungs‐, Acylierungs‐ und Oxydationsreaktionen am 3.4‐Methylendioxy‐thiophenol und ‐selenophenol berichtet.
Derivate des Methylendioxybenzols, XIV. Zur Darstellung von Alkylmercapto‐3.4‐methylendioxy‐benzaldehyden. Ein Beitrag zur Aldehydsynthese nach Vilsmeier‐Haak
Authors: Dallacker Franz , Eschelbach Friedrich‐Erhard 
Published: July 2007

AbstractDie Formylierung von Alkylmercapto‐3.4‐methylendioxy‐benzolen mit verschiedenartig substituierten N‐Methyl‐formanilid/POCl3‐Komplexen wird untersucht.
Zur Chemie des Benzolglykols, XIII1). Synthese von Desoxyinosadiaminen
Authors: Nakajima Minoru , Hasegawa Akira , Kurokawa Takashi 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAus vier stereoisomeren Tetraacetyl‐konduraminen2) (Trihydroxyaminocyclohexen‐tetraacetaten) wurden über die Bromhydrine durch katalytische Entbromierung Tetraacetyl‐desoxyinosamine dargestellt. Deren Oxydation lieferte vier stereoisomere Desoxyinosaminosen. Drei davon wurden über ihre Oxime in die Desoxyinosadiamine übergeführt. Die Konfigurationen wurden aufgrund der NMR‐Spektren festgelegt.
Einfluß der Photooxydation auf Histidingehalt und Aktivität von Insulin
Authors: Weitzel Günther , Schaeg Werner , Boden Günther , Willms Berend 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBei der Photooxydation des Insulins mit molekularem Sauerstoff in Gegenwart von Methylenblau werden bevorzugt Histidylreste angegriffen. Tyrosylreste werden in erheblich geringerem Maße, Disulfidbrücken praktisch nicht oxydiert. — Photooxydierte Insuline zeigen im Vergleich zu Normalinsulin eine Verschiebung des isoelektrischen Fällungsbereiches nach der sauren Seite sowie beträchtliche Minderung des Zinkbindungsvermögens. — Mit zunehmender Bestrahlungsdauer sinken Histidingehalt und biologische Aktivität des Insulins parallel ab (Tab. 5). Daraus folgt, daß die Imidazolzerstörung den Wirkungsverlust bedingt.
Untersuchungen an Cyclopropanverbindungen, VIII1). Solvolysereaktionen acyclischer Homoallyl‐Verbindungen
Authors: Hanack Michael , Kang Sungzong , Häffner Jürgen , Görler Klaus 
Published: July 2007

AbstractHomoallylhalogenide sowie ‐tosylate der Struktur 1 werden in verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln solvolysiert und die dabei entstehenden Reaktionsprodukte (Tabb. 1—3) ermittelt. Die Solvolysegeschwindigkeiten von substituierten Homoallyl‐β‐naphthylsulfonaten in absol. Äthanol und in Eisessig werden gemessen (Tab. 4).
Ubichinone und verwandte Substanzen, IX1). Umsetzung von Ubichinon(35) mit Lithiumalanat und Natriumborhydrid
Authors: Morimoto Hiroshi , Imada Isuke , Sasaki Marekichi 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBei der Reaktion von Ubichinon(35) (1a), seinem Hydrochinon (2a) und dessen Diacetat (3a) mit LiAlH4 bildet sich ein Gemisch der Desmethyl‐Verbindungen 4a—5a. Diese Hydroxy‐Homologen von 1a entstehen auch aus 1a mit NaBH4. Methylierung des Gemisches von 4a + 5a ergibt 1a zurück; Äthylierungführt zum Gemisch der Äthyläther 6a—7a, Acetylierung zu den Acetylverbindungen 8a + 9a. Reduktion der Äthyläther 6a + 7a mit anschließender Methylierung ergibt ein Gemisch der Dimethyläther 10a + 11a, die sich von den zugrundeliegenden Hydrochinonen ableiten. Die Oxydation von 10a + 11a mit KMnO4 liefert die bekannten Phenylessigsäure‐Derivate 16 + 17 (IR‐spektroskopischer Vergleich).
Stereoisomere Formen des Äthyl‐hemiacetals von aldehydo‐D‐Galaktosepentaacetat
Authors: Wolfrom Melville L. , Decker William H. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractEs wird bewiesen, daß das Äthyl‐hemiacetal von aldehydo‐D‐Galaktosepentaacetat in zwei stereoisomeren Formen existiert, deren Mutarotationseigenschaften in Chloroform (Abb. 1) verglichen werden.
Messung der Elektronenspinresonanz an Semidehydroascorbinsäure
Authors: Foerster GüNther V. , Weis Willi , Staudinger HansjüRgen 
Published: July 2007

AbstractDurch Elektronenspinresonanz‐Messungen wird die Struktur der Semidehydroascorbinsäure (2) aufgeklärt. Die Massenwirkungskonstante für ihre Entstehung aus Ascorbinsäure und Dehydroascorbinsäure sowie deren pH‐Abhängigkeit werden bestimmt.
Untersuchungen über die Plastein‐Reaktion, IX1). Prolin‐haltige Monomere und ihre enzymatischen Umwandlungsprodukte
Authors: Determann Helmut , Köhler Rudolf 
Published: July 2007

AbstractVon den beiden synthetisierten Pentapeptiden läßt sich L‐Tyrosyl‐L‐leucyl‐L‐prolyl‐L‐glutamyl‐L‐phenylalanin (1) unter der Einwirkung von Pepsin kondensieren, während L‐Alanyl‐L‐leucyl‐L‐prolyl‐L‐glutamyl‐L‐phenylalanin (2), das in Wasser besonders gut löslich ist, kein Plastein bildet. Aus 2 entstehen lediglich niedermolekulare Spalt‐ und Transpeptidierungsprodukte; das Plastein aus 1 setzt sich aus oligomeren Homologen (bis n = 5) zusammen.
Untersuchungen in der Cyclobutanreihe, XV1). Diels‐Alder Synthesen des cis‐3.4‐Dichlor‐cyclobutens mit 9.10‐Dimethyl‐ und 9.10‐Dibrom‐anthracen
Authors: Avram Margarete , Dinulescu Ilie G. , Nenitzescu Costin D. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractDiels‐Alder Addukte des cis‐3.4‐Dichlor‐cyclobutens (2) mit 9.10‐Dimethyl‐anthracen und mit 9.10‐Dibrom‐anthracen sowie die durch Eliminierung des Halogens aus diesen Verbindungen erhaltenen Kohlenwasserstoffe werden beschrieben.