A novel fullerene composite material for directional oil control and antioxidant
Authors: Lu Wang Wang , Xu Zhe , Cheng Jing , Zhang Tao , Liao Xiao Dan , Wu Bo , Li Hui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere are very few cosmetic ingredients that can target oil control and extend the wear time. Fullerenes have been reported to have excellent antioxidant capacity and a variety of biological activities, such as quenching free radicals, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and promoting lipid flocculation.ObjectiveThe purpose of applying foundation makeup on the face is to make the skin color even, but the secretion and oxidation of skin oil will make the makeup mottled and dull. In order to solve this problem, a fullerene composite material that can directionally absorb oil and resist oil oxidation has been developed.MethodsFullerenes and hydroxyapatite composite was prepared by high pressure homogenization under alkaline condition. The indicated morphology and structure were characterized by SEM, UV–Vis, Raman, and XRD. The oil absorption capacity was determined by adding the C60‐hydroxyapatite composite to a mixed solution of hexane and oil, shaking for 1 h, filtering, analyzed by GC–MS, and calculating the oil absorption by external standard method. Artificial sebum was prepared by adding different mass of water and oleic acid to screen the optimum ratio. C60‐hydroxyapatite mixture and C60‐hydroxyapatite composite were added to the artificial sebum to test the oil‐absorbing capacity of the materials. The hydroxyl radical scavenging ability of C60‐hydroxyapatite composite containing different fullerene contents was measured by X‐band ESR spectroscopy, and the long‐term radical scavenging ability of the composites was tested in comparison with VC. Antioxidant experiment is adding C60‐hydroxyapatite composite material, and hydroxyapatite to oleic acid, then the UV light irradiation is aimed to accelerate the oxidation of oleic acid. Oleic acid act as a control group, and make the detection of oleic acid peroxide value after 7 days. The safety of the materials was tested by using culture media to soak the C60‐hydroxyapatite composite for 24 h and then used to culture cells.ResultsThe characterization of SEM, UV–Vis, Raman, and XRD showed that fullerene clusters were dispersed on the surface of hydroxyapatite stably, and they formed a stable composite. The adsorption rates of C60‐hydroxyapatite composites for oleic acid, phenyl trimethicone, caprylic capric glyceride, isooctyl palmitate, mineral oil, olive oil, and dimethicone were 60.5%, 9.3%, 9.15%, 5.24%, 2.94%, 1.01%, and 0%, respectively. The flocculation amount of artificial sebum was 5.9 g per gram of C60‐hydroxyapatite mixture and 24.2 g per gram of C60‐hydroxyapatite composite. C60‐hydroxyapatite composites have excellent quenching ability for hydroxyl radicals. When the fullerene content is 1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/kg, the quenching rates are 25.02%, 39.57%, 49.75%, and 62.24%, respectively. The quenching effect was enhanced with the increase of fullerene content, and it had strong long‐term antioxidant properties. It can also be proved that C60‐hydroxyapatite composites have strong antioxidant capacity through antioxidant experiments. The peroxide value of oleic acid on Day 0 was 2.8, and after 7 days of UV irradiation, the peroxide values of blank control, hydroxyapatite group, C60‐hydroxyapatite composite containing 0.5% and 1% fullerenes four groups of materials were 8.02 meq O2/kg, 7.98 meq O2/kg, 7.11 meq O2/kg, and 6.87 meq O2/kg, respectively. The cell activity was 20.94% and 99.2% after the cells were cultured for 24 h using C60‐hydroxyapatite composite and hydroxyapatite extracts, respectively, and the addition of fullerene was able to significantly increase the cell activity.ConclusionFullerene hydroxyapatite complex has excellent directional oil absorption characteristics, which can effectively remove free radicals and reduce skin oil oxidation.