bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse and serious adverse events incidence of pharmacological interventions for managing chronic and episodic migraine in adults: a systematic review
Authors: Naghdi Seyran , Underwood Martin , Brown Anna , Matharu Manjit , Duncan Callum , Davies Natasha , Aksentyte Aiva , Mistry Hema 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundMigraine is the second most common prevalent disorder worldwide and is a top cause of disability with a substantial economic burden. Many preventive migraine medications have notable side effects that affect different body organs.MethodWe systematically searched for published randomised controlled trials (RCTs) using terms for migraine/headache and preventive medications. Using eligibility criteria, two reviewers independently assessed the articles. Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was applied to assess the quality of the studies. Data were classified by system organ class (SOC).ResultsThirty-two RCTs with 21 780 participants met the eligibility criteria for the incidence of adverse events (AEs). Additionally, 33 RCTs with 22 615 participants were included to synthesise the incidence of serious AEs (SAEs). The percentage of attributed AEs and SAEs to each SOC for 10 preventive drugs with different dosing regimens was calculated. Amitriptyline and topiramate had a higher incidence of nervous system disorders; Topiramate was also associated with a higher incidence of psychiatric disorders. All drugs showed a certain incidence of infections and infestations, with Onabotulinumtoxin A (BTA) having the lowest rate. BTA had a higher incidence of musculoskeletal disorders than the other drugs. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) such as fremanezumab and galcanezumab were linked to more general disorders and administration site conditions than other drugs.ConclusionNotably, the observed harm to SOCs varies among these preventive drugs. We suggest conducting head-to-head RCTs to evaluate the safety profile of oral medications, BTA, and CGRP MAbs in episodic and/or chronic migraine populations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021265993.
Using verbal and social autopsy approaches to understand why neonates die in rural settings: a case study of a remote rural district in Uganda
Authors: Kizito Felix , Kananura Rornald Muhumuza , Ssanyu Jacquellyn Nambi , Akuze Joseph , Amongin Dinah , Waiswa Peter 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionNeonatal mortality remains a formidable challenge in low-resource settings, such as Uganda, despite global health initiatives. This study employs a social and verbal autopsy approach to identify the causes, settings and health accessibility challenges surrounding neonatal deaths in the Luuka district from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2019.MethodsWe analysed data from 172 neonatal verbal and social autopsies (VASA) conducted over 3 years, as part of a maternal and neonatal demand and supply health system strengthening intervention. Cause-of-death coding was done by two independent medical officers using WHO-ICD-10 guidelines to ascertain the causes of death. VASA-coded data analysis of the causes of death was done in STATA V.14.0. In addition, 16 key informant interviews were conducted, including 2 community health workers,6 household members and 8 health workers, with qualitative data analysed through thematic content analysis.ResultsAmong the 172 neonate deaths, 95.9% occurred in the early neonatal period (0–6 days) and 4.1% in the late neonatal period (7–27 days). The primary causes of death were birth asphyxia (42.4%), low birth weight/prematurity (18.6%), other perinatal causes (12.8%) and neonatal sepsis (9.3%). Delays in getting appropriate care at the facility (delay 3) and delays in seeking care (delay 1) (51.2% and 44.2%, respectively) were linked to newborn mortality. Qualitative insights underscored inadequate awareness of neonatal danger signs, deficient referral systems, drug shortages, reliance on unskilled traditional birth attendants and insufficient neonatal care facilities as significant contributors.ConclusionAddressing delays in both home-based care (delay 1) and timely access to appropriate care in healthcare facilities (delays 2 and 3) is pivotal in mitigating neonatal mortality. Comprehensive interventions targeting improved access to maternal services and enhanced quality of care in health facilities are imperative for advancing newborn survival in rural settings.
Incidence of staff injury and illness at the Tokyo 2020 and Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Games
Authors: Larson Emily G , Hasley Ike , Post Eric G , Cali Malia G , Clark Stephanie C , McPherson April L , Noble-Taylor Kayle E , Robinson David M , Anderson Travis , Finnoff Jonathan , Adams William M 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveTo report epidemiological data regarding injury and illness among the Team USA staff during the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games and Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games.MethodsA retrospective review of all Team USA staff (total staff, N=1703 (62.5% female); total staff days (SD)=34 489) medical encounters during the Tokyo 2020 Games and Beijing 2022 Games was conducted. Details related to injury and illness were evaluated. Incidence with 95% CI per 1000 staff days were calculated.ResultsA total of 32 illnesses (incidence [95% CI] 0.9 [0.6, 1.2]) and 23 injuries (incidence 0.7 [0.4, 0.9]) were sustained by the Team USA delegation staff members during the Tokyo 2020 Games and Beijing 2022 Games. Female staff reported more illnesses (illnesses proportion (IP) 2.9%; incidence 1.4 [0.8, 2.0]), while male staff incurred more injuries (IP 1.8%; incidence 0.9 [0.5, 1.3]). When stratified by physiological system, dermatological and infectious were the most common systems involved with illness (IP 0.5%; incidence 0.2 [0.1, 0.4]). Injuries to the upper limb were most common (IP 0.3%; incidence 0.3 [0.1, 0.5]).ConclusionInjury and illness rates among the Team USA staff during the Tokyo 2020 Games and Beijing 2022 Games were low, but notable. Knowledge of injury and illness risks contributes to staffing decisions and prevention strategies for staff supporting athletes during competition.
Assessing the Value of Incorporating a Polygenic Risk Score with Nongenetic Factors for Predicting Breast Cancer Diagnosis in the UK Biobank
Authors: Collister Jennifer A. , Liu Xiaonan , Littlejohns Thomas J. , Cuzick Jack , Clifton Lei , Hunter David J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Previous studies have demonstrated that incorporating a polygenic risk score (PRS) to existing risk prediction models for breast cancer improves model fit, but to determine its clinical utility the impact on risk categorization needs to be established. We add a PRS to two well-established models and quantify the difference in classification using the net reclassification improvement (NRI).

Methods:
We analyzed data from 126,490 post-menopausal women of “White British” ancestry, aged 40 to 69 years at baseline from the UK Biobank prospective cohort. The breast cancer outcome was derived from linked registry data and hospital records. We combined a PRS for breast cancer with 10-year risk scores from the Tyrer–Cuzick and Gail models, and compared these to the risk scores from the models using phenotypic variables alone. We report metrics of discrimination and classification, and consider the importance of the risk threshold selected.

Results:
The Harrell's C statistic of the 10-year risk from the Tyrer–Cuzick and Gail models was 0.57 and 0.54, respectively, increasing to 0.67 when the PRS was included. Inclusion of the PRS gave a positive NRI for cases in both models [0.080 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.053–0.104) and 0.051 (95% CI, 0.030–0.073), respectively], with negligible impact on controls.

Conclusions:
The addition of a PRS for breast cancer to the well-established Tyrer–Cuzick and Gail models provides a substantial improvement in the prediction accuracy and risk stratification.

Impact:
These findings could have important implications for the ongoing discussion about the value of PRS in risk prediction models and screening.
A Cohort Study of CNS Tumors in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1
Authors: Graillon Thomas , Romanet Pauline , Camilla Clara , Gélin Camille , Appay Romain , Roche Catherine , Lagarde Arnaud , Mougel Grégory , Farah Kaissar , Le Bras Maëlle , Engelhardt Julien , Kalamarides Michel , Peyre Matthieu , Amelot Aymeric , Emery Evelyne , Magro Elsa , Cebula Hélène , Aboukais Rabih , Bauters Catherine , Jouanneau Emmanuel , Berhouma Moncef , Cuny Thomas , Dufour Henry , Loiseau Hugues , Figarella-Branger Dominique , Bauchet Luc , Binquet Christine , Barlier Anne , Goudet Pierre 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is thought to increase the risk of meningioma and ependymoma. Thus, we aimed to describe the frequency, incidence, and specific clinical and histological features of central nervous system (CNS) tumors in the MEN1 population (except pituitary tumors).

Experimental Design:
The study population included patients harboring CNS tumors diagnosed with MEN1 syndrome after 1990 and followed up in the French MEN1 national cohort. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was calculated based on the French Gironde CNS Tumor Registry. Genomic analyses were performed on somatic DNA from seven CNS tumors, including meningiomas and ependymomas from patients with MEN1, and then on 50 sporadic meningiomas and ependymomas.

Results:
A total of 29 CNS tumors were found among the 1,498 symptomatic patients (2%; incidence = 47.4/100,000 person-years; SIR = 4.5), including 12 meningiomas (0.8%; incidence = 16.2/100,000; SIR = 2.5), 8 ependymomas (0.5%; incidence = 10.8/100,000; SIR = 17.6), 5 astrocytomas (0.3%; incidence = 6.7/100,000; SIR = 5.8), and 4 schwannomas (0.3%; incidence = 5.4/100,000; SIR = 12.7). Meningiomas in patients with MEN1 were benign, mostly meningothelial, with 11 years earlier onset compared with the sporadic population and an F/M ratio of 1/1. Spinal and cranial ependymomas were mostly classified as World Health Organization grade 2. A biallelic MEN1 inactivation was observed in 4/5 ependymomas and 1/2 meningiomas from patients with MEN1, whereas MEN1 deletion in one allele was present in 3/41 and 0/9 sporadic meningiomas and ependymomas, respectively.

Conclusions:
The incidence of each CNS tumor was higher in the MEN1 population than in the French general population. Meningiomas and ependymomas should be considered part of the MEN1 syndrome, but somatic molecular data are missing to conclude for astrocytomas and schwannomas.
Diffuse Pleural Mesotheliomas with Genomic Near-Haploidization: A Newly Recognized Subset with Distinct Clinical, Histologic, and Molecular Features
Authors: Yang Soo-Ryum , Jayakumaran Gowtham , Benhamida Jamal , Febres-Aldana Christopher A. , Fanaroff Rachel , Chang Jason , Gedvilaite Erika , Villafania Liliana B. , Sauter Jennifer L. , Offin Michael , Zauderer Marjorie G. , Ladanyi Marc 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Diffuse pleural mesotheliomas (DPM) with genomic near-haploidization (GNH) represent a novel subtype first recognized by The Cancer Genome Atlas project; however, its clinicopathologic and molecular features remain poorly defined.

Experimental Design:
We analyzed clinical genomic profiling data from 290 patients with DPM using the Memorial Sloan Kettering-Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets (MSK-IMPACT) assay. Allele-specific copy number analysis was performed using the Fraction and Allele-Specific Copy Number Estimates from Tumor Sequencing (FACETS) algorithm.

Results:
A total of 210 patients were evaluable for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis using FACETS from MSK-IMPACT tumor:normal sequencing data. In this cohort, GNH, defined as LOH across &gt;80% of the genome, was detected in 10 cases (4.8%). Compared with non-GNH tumors, GNH DPMs were associated with younger age and less frequent self-reported history of occupational asbestos exposure. Histologically, GNH DPMs were enriched in biphasic subtype (80% vs. 14.5%) and showed abundant tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Genomic analysis revealed a higher frequency of TP53 alterations, whereas SETDB1 mutations were present in nearly all and only in this subset. The clinicopathologic and molecular findings were further validated in a separate cohort. Despite the younger age, patients with GNH DPMs had a shorter overall survival (10.9 vs. 25.4 months, P = 0.004); the poor prognostic impact of GNH remained significant after controlling for biphasic histology. Of three patients with GNH DPMs who received immune checkpoint blockade, two achieved a clinician-assessed partial response.

Conclusions:
GNH defines an aggressive subtype of mainly biphasic DPMs in younger patients with recurrent alterations in SETDB1 and TP53. The enrichment in biphasic histology and TILs, together with our preliminary immune checkpoint blockade response data and anecdotal clinical trial data, suggests that further evaluation of immunotherapy may be warranted in this subset.
TV Comunitária: entre iguais e diferentes - um espaço para o ator social
Authors: Pereira Fabiana da Costa , Fossa Maria Ivete Trevisan 
Published: April 2024

A mídia comunitária é caracterizada pela gestão compartilhada, programação diversificada e voltada ao interesse da comunidade onde está inserida. Porém, dentro da realidade brasileira, algumas dessas características se perdem, abrindo espaço para o uso desse canal para propositos particulares, ou ainda, mesmo com interesse comunitário, sem conseguir alcançar efetivamente seu objetivo. As dificulades passam pelas especificidades do meio televisivo, o que resulta na baixa produção de material audiovisual nos meios comunitários, como na baixa inserção da população na gestão desses veículos. Mudanças significativas nessa situação somente quando os indivíduos ocuparem os espaços abertos pelas mídias comunitárias, e como atores socias, construirem espaços realmente multiculturais.
Uma proposta de categorias de qualidade e avaliação para interfaces jornalísticas em tablets
Authors: Oliveira Vivian Rodrigues , Paulino Rita Cássia Romeiro 
Published: April 2024

O presente estudo faz parte de um projeto de pesquisa em andamento, do Mestrado em Jornalismo da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (Posjor/UFSC), que avalia as interfaces jornalísticas em aplicativos móveis a partir do uso do design digital para tablets. Esse projeto possui uma etapa empírica e outra aplicada. A etapa empírica trata de uma análise qualitativa de três produtos para tablets: Estadão Noite, O Globo A Mais e Diário Catarinense. A etapa aplicada consiste na reconstrução de uma seleção de interfaces digitais para tablets. O objetivo mais amplo desse artigo é elaborar um conjunto de categorias de qualidade e avaliação de interfaces para tablets que apoiem o projeto de pesquisa citado.
A rede dos presídios goianos e sua importância em termos de colonização
Authors: Regina Maria 
Published: April 2024

(1º parágrafo do artigo)
Considerando que a tese: A REDE DOS PRESIDIOS GOIANOS E SUA IMPORTÄNCIA EM TERMOS DE COLONIZAÇÃO. (O modelo do presídio de Santa Leopoldina do Araguaia, 1860-1865) não será publicada de imediato, julgamos que a sua bibliografia poderia ser de eventual utilidade.
Não apenas a endereçamos aos estudiosos do passado histórico de Goiás, mas ainda aqueles que se iniciam no campo da pesquisa, visando a elaboração de trabalhos universitários. Assim, esperamos que o roteiro abaixo transcrito possa trazer alguma orientação à classificação do material bibliográfico indispensavel à elaboração dos mesmos.
Os anos trinta no Brasil
Authors: Andrade Manuel Correia de 
Published: April 2024

(1º parágrafo do artigo)
Sempre nos preocupamos com a Revolução de 30 e com a sua importância para a evolução política e econômica do Brasil, por considera- la um movimento que abalou as velhas estruturas implantadas no país pela colonização portuguesa e, que não haviam sido ainda abaladas, em seus alicerces mais profundos, nem pela Independência nem pela República.
Resenha do livro: América Latina contemporânea: modernização, desenvolvimento, dependência
Authors: Frazão Euza Rossi de Aguiar 
Published: April 2024

Resenha do livro:
LOBO, Eulália Maria Lahmeyer. América Latina contemporânea: modernização, desenvolvimento, dependência. Rio de Janeiro, Zahar Editores, 1970, 205 páginas.
O trabalho do escritor Luiz Ruffato
Authors: Pereira Viviane Araújo Alves da Costa , Cristo Maria da Luz Pinheiro de 
Published: April 2024

Na entrevista realizada em novembro de 2016, o escritor Luiz Ruffato adverte logo de início: “eu sou um autor sem manuscrito”. A essa primeira assertiva, seguiu-se mais de uma hora de entrevista, que agora publicamos, em torno de seu processo de criação e das demais atividades que desempenha, como editor, cronista, pesquisador e leitor. Algumas referências localizam a entrevista: a coluna publicada no jornal El País “semana passada” ou o “penúltimo texto” do blog Lendo os clássicos. O contexto político brasileiro, no entanto e infelizmente, segue atual, cheio de convicções sem provas. Atuais também as reflexões sobre o papel do escritor e da própria literatura: Luiz Ruffato defende a literatura como profissão, uma postura política que se traduz na construção de seus personagens, trabalhadores, pessoas comuns, anônimas, cujas histórias interessa contar.
Acesso à entrevista:
Parte 1
Parte 2
Parte 3
Prognostic Impact of Sinus Rhythm in Atrial Fibrillation Patients: Separating Rhythm Outcomes From Randomized Strategy Findings From the CABANA Trial
Authors: Bunch T. Jared , Poole Jeanne E. , Silverstein Adam P. , Lee Kerry L. , Al-Khalidi Hussein R. , Hindricks Gerhard , Romanov Alexander , Pokushalov Evgeny , Bahnson Tristram D. , Daniels Melanie R. , Piccini Jonathan P. , Mark Daniel B. , Packer Douglas L. ,   for the CABANA Investigators
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Clinically detected atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with a significant increase in mortality and other adverse cardiovascular events. Since the advent of effective methods for AF rhythm control, investigators have attempted to determine how much these adverse prognostic AF effects could be mitigated by the restoration of sinus rhythm (SR) and whether the method used mattered.

METHODS:
The CABANA trial (Catheter Ablation versus Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation) randomized 2204 AF patients to ablation versus drug therapy, of which 1240 patients were monitored in follow-up using the CABANA ECG rhythm monitoring system. To assess the prognostic benefits of SR, we performed a prespecified analysis using Cox survival modeling with heart rhythm as a time-dependent variable and randomized treatment group as a stratification factor.

RESULTS:

In the 1240 patient study cohort, 883 (71.2%) had documented AF at some point during their postblanking follow-up. Among the 883 patients, 671 (76.0%) experienced AF within the first year of postblanking follow-up, and 212 (24.0%) experienced their first AF after ≥1 year of postblanking follow-up. The primary CABANA end point (death, disabling stroke, serious bleeding, or cardiac arrest) occurred in 95 (10.8%) of the 883 patients with documented AF and in 29 (8.1%) of the 357 patients with no AF recorded during follow-up. In multivariable time-dependent analysis, the presence of SR (compared with non-SR) was associated with a significantly reduced risk of the primary end point (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.57 [95% CI, 0.38–0.85];
P
=0.006; independent of treatment strategy [ablation versus drugs]). Corresponding results for all-cause mortality were adjusted hazard ratio of 0.59 [95% CI, 0.35–1.01];
P
=0.053).

CONCLUSIONS:
In patients in the CABANA trial with detailed long-term rhythm follow-up, increased time in SR was associated with a clinically consequential decrease in mortality and other adverse prognostic events. The predictive value of SR was independent of the therapeutic approach responsible for reducing the burden of detectable AF.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique Identifier: NCT00911508
Effectiveness and Safety of Endoanchors in Abdominal and Thoracic Endovascular Aneurysm Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Tang Esther Wai Chi , Lau Arthur Chak Kai , Cheng Joshua Cheuk Hei , Wong Joseph Chi-Yeung , Chan Yiu Che 
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to summarize the effectiveness and safety of endoanchor, a stabilizing device for the proximal endograft designed to prevent endoleak and stent migration in endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) and thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair (TEVAR). Materials and methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline. Literature up to May 31, 2023 was searched and independently screened from 4 databases. Data were pooled for meta-analysis. Primary outcomes included intraoperative and follow-up endoleak, stent migration, and reintervention rates; sac regression; and 30-day all-cause mortality. Results: Sixteen EVAR (n=1145) and 6 TEVAR studies (n=163) using the Heli-Fx EndoAnchor system were included from 2225 retrieved records. For EVAR patients (mean follow-up=11.9 months), the endoleak, graft migration, and reintervention rates were 3.97% (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.36%-1.99%), 0.004% (95% CI=0.00%-0.76%), and 5.43% (95% CI=0.86%-12.54%), respectively. The endoleak rates for primary and revision EVAR were 0.16% (95% CI=0.00%-1.65%) and 3.60% (95% CI=0.14%-9.72%), respectively. Only 4 cases of 30-day mortality (n=4) were reported in the literature. For TEVAR patients, the endoleak, stent migration, and reintervention rates were 7.4% (95% CI=0.03%-0.13%), 0.2% (95% CI=0.00%-0.06%), and 17.1% (95% CI=0.01%-0.45%), respectively. The 30-day mortality was 0.9% (95% CI=0%-0.12%). Conclusions: Endoanchor fixation in EVAR and TEVAR is effective and safe in preventing and treating endoleak and stent migration. The mortality is minimal in EVAR but higher in TEVAR. Clinical Impact Endoleak, graft migration, and reintervention in EVAR and TEVAR with endoanchor use were rare. Mortality in EVAR was low. The adjunctive deployment of endoanchors is an effective and safe means to prevent and treat endoleak and stent migration in EVAR and TEVAR. Yet, long-term efficacy and safety data and randomized controlled trials would be required to definitively recommend endoanchor use in routine clinical practice.