bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Invariant distributions and the transport twistor space of closed surfaces
Authors: Bohr Jan , Lefeuvre Thibault , Paternain Gabriel P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe study transport equations on the unit tangent bundle of a closed oriented Riemannian surface and their links to the transport twistor space of the surface (a complex surface naturally tailored to the geodesic vector field). We show that fibrewise holomorphic distributions invariant under the geodesic flow — which play an important role in tensor tomography on surfaces — form a unital algebra, that is, multiplication of such distributions is well defined and continuous. We also exhibit a natural bijective correspondence between fibrewise holomorphic invariant distributions and genuine holomorphic functions on twistor space with polynomial blowup on the boundary of the twistor space. Additionally, when the surface is Anosov, we classify holomorphic line bundles over twistor space which are smooth up to the boundary. As a byproduct of our analysis, we obtain a quantitative version of a result of Flaminio [C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. I Math. 315 (1992) no. 6, 735–738] asserting that invariant distributions of the geodesic flow of a positively curved metric on are determined by their zeroth and first Fourier modes.
Which Strength Manifestation Is More Related to Regional Swimmers’ Performance and In-Water Forces? Maximal Neuromuscular Capacities Versus Maximal Mechanical Maintenance Capacity
Authors: Miras-Moreno Sergio , López-Belmonte Óscar , García-Ramos Amador , Arellano Raúl , Ruiz-Navarro Jesús J. 
Published: April 2024

Purpose: To explore the association of the load–velocity (L-V) relationship variables and ability to maintain maximal mechanical performance during the prone bench-pull exercise with sprint swimming performance and in-water forces. Methods: Eleven competitive adult male swimmers (50-m front crawl World Aquatics points: 488 [66], performance level 4) performed 1 experimental session. The L-V relationship variables (L0 [ie, maximal theoretical load at 0 velocity]; v0 [ie, maximal theoretical velocity at 0 load], and Aline [ie, area under the L-V relationship]) and maximal mechanical maintenance capacity were assessed at the beginning of the session. Afterward, sprint swimming performance and in-water force production were tested through a 50-m front-crawl all-out trial and 15-s fully-tethered swimming, respectively. Results: Only v0 presented high positive associations with 50-m time and swimming kinematics (r > .532; P < .046). The L0, v0, and Aline showed very high positive associations with the in-water forces during tethered swimming (r > .523; P < .049). However, the ability to maintain maximal mechanical performance, assessed by the mean velocity decline during the prone bench pull, was only significantly correlated with stroke rate (r = −.647; P = .016) and stroke index (r = .614; P = .022). Conclusions: These findings indicate that maximal neuromuscular capacities, especially v0, have a stronger correlation with swimming performance and in-water force production than the ability to maintain maximal mechanical performance in level 4 swimmers.
Martial Arts and Combat Sports for Youth: A 10-Year Scoping Review
Authors: Rodrigues Alba Iara Cae , Marttinen Risto , Banville Dominique 
Published: April 2024

Martial arts and combat sports (MA&CS) are lifelong nontraditional activities seldom available for youth in school settings. Research has found that MA&CS can promote a variety of benefits to youth with novel experiences that promote nonviolent, psychological, affective, cognitive, and physical outcomes. Objective: The objective of this scoping review was to identify and categorize the peer-reviewed research with a pedagogical focus on MA&CS for youth across 10 years. Methods: The key terms used related to MA&CS and young people. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for scoping review guidelines and included peer-reviewed empirical articles from six databases in English and Portuguese from 2013 to 2022. Results: The Results section was divided into a quantitative description of the literature analyzed and a discussion of the psychological, social, affective, physical, cognitive, and academic benefits of MA&CS interventions. Conclusion: MA&CS interventions can provide multiple benefits for youth in physical education and out-of-school settings.
Old role with new feature: T2SS ATPase as a cyclic-di-GMP receptor to regulate antibiotic production
Authors: Liu Haofei , Xu Gaoge , Guo Baodian , Liu Fengquan 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) is a crucial signaling molecule found extensively in bacteria, involved in the regulation of various physiological and biochemical processes such as biofilm formation, motility, and pathogenicity through binding to downstream receptors. However, the structural dissimilarity of c-di-GMP receptor proteins has hindered the discovery of many such proteins. In this study, we identified LspE, a homologous protein of the type II secretion system (T2SS) ATPase GspE in
Lysobacter enzymogenes
, as a receptor protein for c-di-GMP. We identified the more conservative c-di-GMP binding amino acid residues as K358 and T359, which differ from the previous reports, indicating that GspE proteins may represent a class of c-di-GMP receptor proteins. Additionally, we found that LspE in
L. enzymogenes
also possesses a novel role in regulating the production of the antifungal antibiotic HSAF. Further investigations revealed the critical involvement of both ATPase activity and c-di-GMP binding in LspE-mediated regulation of HSAF (Heat-Stable Antifungal Factor) production, with c-di-GMP binding having no impact on LspE’s ATPase activity. This suggests that the control of HSAF production by LspE encompasses two distinct processes: c-di-GMP binding and the inherent ATPase activity of LspE. Overall, our study unraveled a new function for the conventional protein GspE of the T2SS as a c-di-GMP receptor protein and shed light on its role in regulating antibiotic production.

IMPORTANCE

The c-di-GMP signaling pathway in bacteria is highly intricate. The identification and functional characterization of novel receptor proteins have posed a significant challenge in c-di-GMP research. The type II secretion system (T2SS) is a well-studied secretion system in bacteria. In this study, our findings revealed the ATPase GspE protein of the T2SS as a class of c-di-GMP receptor protein. Notably, we discovered its novel function in regulating the production of antifungal antibiotic HSAF in
Lysobacter enzymogenes
. Given that GspE may be a conserved c-di-GMP receptor protein, it is worthwhile for researchers to reevaluate its functional roles and mechanisms across diverse bacterial species.
Epitopes of an antibody that neutralizes a wide range of SARS-CoV-2 variants in a conserved subdomain 1 of the spike protein
Authors: Ishimaru Hanako , Nishimura Mitsuhiro , Shigematsu Hideki , Marini Maria Istiqomah , Hasegawa Natsumi , Takamiya Rei , Iwata Sachiyo , Mori Yasuko 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

The evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has continued, enabling the virus to escape from host immunity by changing its spike antigen, while biased toward the receptor-binding domain and N-terminal domain. Here, we isolated a novel pan-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody (which we named MO11) for even the recent dominators XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1, from a convalescent patient who had received three doses of an original mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. A cryo-electron microscopy analysis of the spike-MO11 complex at 2.3 Å atomic resolution revealed that it recognizes a conserved epitope hidden behind a glycan shield at N331 on subdomain 1 (SD1), holding both the N- and C-terminal segments comprising SD1. Our identification of MO11 unveiled the functional importance of SD1 for the spike’s function, and we discuss the potential availability of a novel common epitope among the SARS-CoV-2 variants.

IMPORTANCE
Novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants with immune evasion ability are still repeatedly emerging, nonetheless, a part of immunity developed in responding to the antigen of earlier variants retains efficacy against recent variants irrespective of the numerous mutations. In exploration for the broadly effective antibodies, we identified a cross-neutralizing antibody, named MO11, from the B cells of the convalescent patient. MO11 targets a novel epitope in subdomain 1 (SD1) and was effective against all emerging variants including XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1. The neutralizing activity covering from D614G to EG.5.1 variants was explained by the conservation of the epitope, and it revealed the importance of the subdomain on regulating the function of the antigen for viral infection. Demonstrated identification of the neutralizing antibody that recognizes a conserved epitope implies basal contribution of such group of antibodies for prophylaxis against COVID-19.
The role of HPV11 E7 in modulating STING-dependent interferon β response in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Authors: Chen Lijuan , Hu Huiying , Pan Yufei , Lu Yuanyuan , Zhao Mengyuan , Zhao Yun , Wang Lixin , Liu Kai , Yu Zhenkun 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a rare benign tumor caused mainly by the infection of the respiratory tract epithelial cells by the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 6/11. However, the specific mechanisms underlying the inhibition of the host’s innate immune response by HPV remain unclear. For this purpose, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze the states of various immune cells in RRP samples post-HPV infection and utilized a cellular model of HPV infection to elucidate the mechanisms by which HPV evades the innate immune system in RRP. The results revealed distinct immune cell heterogeneity in RRP and demonstrated that HPV11 E7 can inhibit the phosphorylation of the stimulator of interferon genes protein, thereby circumventing the body’s antiviral response.
In vitro
co-culture experiments demonstrated that stimulation of macrophages to produce interferon-beta induced the death of HPV-infected epithelial cells, also reducing HPV viral levels. In summary, our study preliminarily identifies the potential mechanisms by which HPV evades the host’s antiviral immune response, as well as the latent antiviral functions exhibited by activated macrophages. This research serves as an initial exploration of antiviral immune evasion in RRP, laying a solid foundation for investigating immunotherapeutic approaches for the disease.

IMPORTANCE
Surgical tumor reduction is the most common treatment for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). One of the characteristics of RRP is its persistent recurrence, and multiple surgeries are usually required to control the symptoms. Recently, some adjuvant therapies have shown effectiveness, but none of them can completely clear human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and thus, a localized antiviral immune response is significant for disease control; after all, HPV infection is limited to the epithelium. Inhibition of interferon-beta (IFN-β) secretion by HPV11 E7 viral proteins in epithelial cells by affecting stimulator of interferon genes phosphorylation may account for the persistence of low-risk HPV replication in the RRP. Moreover, suppression of the IFN-I pathway in RRP cell types might provide clues regarding the hyporeactive function of local immune cells. However, activation of macrophage groups to produce IFN-β can still destroy HPV-infected cells.
Complete genome sequence of
Microbacterium paraoxydans
phage Damascus
Authors: Bearhart Julisa M. , Bethke Jenna L. , Christian Cassie S. , Cour Faith N. , Creasey Karleigh R. , Crowe Emily J. , Dahl Julia G. , Hanson Lindsey A. , Jaecks Abby L. , Lamantia Vincent A. , Madison Mercedes , Roskowiak Autumn L. , Scheberl Justin D. , VanEperen Bekkah M. , Wurst Morgan E. , Klyczek Karen K. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Phage Damascus was isolated from soil in northwestern Wisconsin using
Microbacterium paraoxydans
as the host. The Damascus genome is 56,477 bp with 3′ single-stranded overhangs and 56.5% G+C content. Damascus was assigned to cluster EL and shares 42.6%–91.7% gene content with the three other phages in this cluster.
Sputtering Yields of Beryllium and Tungsten by Various Atoms from Hydrogen to Tungsten
Authors: Mikhailov V. S. , Babenko P. Yu. , Shergin A. P. , Zinoviev A. N. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Sputtering yields of targets made of Be and W, promising materials for the first wall and the divertor of the ITER tokamak, are calculated in a wide range of projectile energies from 10 to 100 000 eV by computer simulation. The following atoms were chosen as bombarding particles: H, D, T, He, Be, C, N, O, Ne, Ar, and W. It is demonstrated that the shape of the surface strongly impacts the obtained results. The limiting cases of a planar potential barrier (a smooth surface) and a spherical potential barrier (a rough surface) are analyzed. The data on the average energy and angular distribution of sputtered atoms needed for calculation of the impurity influx into tokamak plasma are obtained. The influx of atoms of the wall material into the ITER tokamak plasma upon wall sputtering by fluxes of fast deuterium and tritium atoms leaving plasma is estimated.
Chronic disease prevention and screening outcomes for patients with and without financial difficulty: a secondary analysis of the BETTER WISE cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Aubrey-Bassler Kris , Patel Dhruvesh , Fernandes Carolina , Lofters Aisha K , Campbell-Scherer Denise , Meaney Christopher , Moineddin Rahim , Wong Tracy , Pinto Andrew David , Shea-Budgell Melissa , McBrien Kerry , Grunfeld Eva , Manca Donna P 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveBuilding on Existing Tools To improvE chronic disease pRevention and screening in primary care Wellness of cancer survIvorS and patiEnts (BETTER WISE) was designed to assess the effectiveness of a cancer and chronic disease prevention and screening (CCDPS) programme. Here, we compare outcomes in participants living with and without financial difficulty.DesignSecondary analysis of a cluster-randomised controlled trial.SettingPatients of 59 physicians from 13 clinics enrolled between September 2018 and August 2019.Participants596 of 1005 trial participants who responded to a financial difficulty screening question at enrolment.Intervention1-hour CCDPS visit versus usual care.Outcome measuresEligibility for a possible 24 CCDPS actions was assessed at baseline and the primary outcome was the percentage of eligible items that were completed at 12-month follow-up. We also compared the change in response to the financial difficulty screening question between baseline and follow-up.Results55 of 265 participants (20.7%) in the control group and 69 of 331 participants (20.8%) in the intervention group reported living with financial difficulty. The primary outcome was 29% (95% CI 26% to 33%) for intervention and 23% (95% CI 21% to 26%) for control participants without financial difficulty (p=0.01). Intervention and control participants with financial difficulty scored 28% (95% CI 24% to 32%) and 32% (95% CI 27% to 38%), respectively (p=0.14). In participants who responded to the financial difficulty question at both time points (n=302), there was a net decrease in the percentage of participants who reported financial difficulty between baseline (21%) and follow-up (12%, p<0.001) which was similar in the control and intervention groups. The response rate to this question was only 51% at follow-up.ConclusionThe BETTER intervention improved uptake of CCDPS manoeuvres in participants without financial difficulty, but not in those living with financial difficulty. Improving CCDPS for people living with financial difficulty may require a different clinical approach or that social determinants be addressed concurrently with clinical and lifestyle needs or both.Trial registration numberISRCTN21333761.
Impact of supplementation with iron–folic acid (IFA) and vitamin D3compared with IFA alone on haemoglobin levels in elderly people with mild-to-moderate anaemia: protocol for the double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled Iron and vitamin D trial in Elderly Anemia (IDEA)
Authors: Ahamed Farhad , Jaiswal Abhishek , Sahoo Sibasish , Ghosh Tandra , Kaur Amandeep , Rehman Tanveer , Goswami Kalyan 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionAnaemia in the elderly is often difficult to treat with iron supplementation alone as prevalence of anaemia of chronic disease (ACD) alone or mixed with iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) is high in this age group. Hepcidin remains high in ACD, preventing utilisation of iron for heme synthesis. Vitamin D3has shown hepcidin suppression activity in both in vitro and in vivo studies. As there is no study assessing the effect of iron–folic acid (IFA) with vitamin D3on haemoglobin levels in the elderly in India, we want to conduct this study to estimate the impact of supplementation of a therapeutic package of IFA and vitamin D3on haemoglobin levels in the elderly with mild-to-moderate anaemia in comparison with IFA only. The study will also assess the impact of the proposed intervention on ferritin, hepcidin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, C reactive protein (CRP) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels.Methods and analysisThis study is a community-based, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial. The study will be done in the Kalyani municipality area. Individuals aged ≥60 years with mild-to-moderate anaemia and normal vitamin D3levels will be randomised into the intervention (IFA and vitamin D3supplementation) group or the control group (IFA and olive oil as placebo). All medications will be self-administered. Follow-up will be done on a weekly basis for 12 weeks. The calculated sample size is 150 in each arm. Block randomisation will be done. The primary outcome is change in haemoglobin levels from baseline to 12 weeks. Secondary outcome is change in serum ferritin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, hepcidin, CRP and PTH levels from baseline to 12 weeks.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee of All India Institute of Medical Sciences Kalyani has been obtained (IEC/AIIMS/Kalyani/Meeting/2022/03). Written informed consent will be obtained from each study participant. The trial results will be reported through publication in a reputable journal and disseminated through health talks within the communities.Trial registration numberCTRI/2022/05/042775.Protocol versionVersion 1.0.
Missed nursing care and its associated factors in public hospitals of Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Abere Yirgalem , Biresaw Henok , Misganaw Mekides , Netsere Biniyam , Adal Ousman 
Published: April 2024

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of missed nursing care and its associated factors among public hospitals in Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia.DesignAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 369 randomly selected nurses.SettingThe study was conducted in primary and secondary-level public hospitals in Bahir Dar City.ParticipantsNurses who had worked in hospitals in Bahir Dar City were included.InterventionNo intervention was needed in this study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresA binary logistic regression model was used for statistical analysis. Statistical significance of the association between outcome variables and independent variables was declared at a p value of <0.05 with a 95% CI.ResultsThe prevalence of missed nursing care in this study was 46.3% (95% CI: 41.7% to 50.9%). The activities most frequently missed were physical examination (56.4%), patient discharge planning and teaching (50.9%), providing emotional support to the patient and family (50.8%), monitoring input and output (50.2%), assisting with patient ambulation (48.5%) and documentation (48%). Factors associated with missed nursing care include: male professionals (adjusted OR (AOR): 2.9, 95% CI: 1.8 to 4.8), those who had not received on-the-job training (AOR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.4 to 3.6), those who worked full 24-hour shifts (AOR: 3.7, 95% CI: 2.0 to 6.5), those who were dissatisfied with the level of teamwork (AOR: 4.6, 95% CI: 2.8 to 7.6) and those who had an intention to leave the nursing profession (AOR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.1 to 2.9). These factors were statistically associated with missed nursing care.ConclusionA significant proportion of nurses missed essential nursing care activities. Efforts should be made to enhance training, improve teamwork among nurses, provide stability and adjust work shifts to mitigate this issue.
Skin closUre in carPal tunnEl Release (SUPER): protocol for a blinded randomised controlled trial comparing absorbable and non-absorbable sutures in carpal tunnel release
Authors: Savolainen Aukusti , Nietosvaara Yrjänä , Sirola Joonas , Hytönen Mikael , Reito Aleksi , Heikkinen Noora , Räisänen Mikko Petteri 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionCarpal tunnel syndrome is a common disorder affecting a substantial portion of the general population. Surgical intervention is often deemed necessary, with the median nerve release being one of the most frequent operations. Optimising all the aspects of this procedure can enhance patient satisfaction with the treatment.Methods and analysisWe aim to determine the differences in the aesthetic outcome of the scar as well as the pain experienced during the healing process between the use of absorbable and non-absorbable sutures. The primary outcome measure will be the patients’ subjective satisfaction with the aesthetic appearance of the scar 1 year after the operation. Secondary outcomes will include a similar evaluation of the aesthetics performed by a blinded outcome assessor, as well as pain experienced by the patients during the 2 weeks postoperatively. The severity and improvement of the patients’ symptoms will also be measured by a Finnish version of the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire. Costs will be evaluated for both groups. Safety of the wound closure will be followed and reported.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Northern Savo Hospital District (2319/2021). The trial will be conducted in accordance with the principles of Good Clinical Practice and the Declaration of Helsinki. The results will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT05503719.
Computational simulation of impact perforation of polymeric-foam core sandwiched composites with different skin–face configurations
Authors: Elnasri Ibrahim , Almagableh Ahmed , Gherissi Abderraouf 
Published: April 2024

The normal and oblique impact perforation responses of composite sandwich panels based on a Rohacell polymeric-foam core are numerically investigated at high impact energies (>60 J). A cylindrical form factor with a diameter of 140 mm and a thickness of 15 mm is selected for the sandwich specimens. Four different stacking sequences of 1 mm carbon/epoxy face sheets are considered (i.e., quasi-isotropic, cross-ply, angle-ply, and unidirectional stacking). A computational model was constructed using LS-DYNA finite element software and an inverse perforation testing scheme adapted with a split Hopkinson bar and confirmed by comparing these results with those obtained using the free shooting projectile-target testing schemes published in the literature. The effects of impact energy, failure modes, impact angles, and damage key parameters are analyzed. The results reveal the contact force versus displacement curves are highly influenced by the impact energy increases. The stacking sequence of the face sheets does not influence the energy absorption capacity. However, the maximum absorbed energy increases with an increasing impact angle up to 20°. Using Hopkinson bars in conjunction with the virtual inverse perforation testing approach is effective for examining the response of sandwich composites at high impact energies.