bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tracing Subducted Carbonates in Earth's Mantle Using Zinc and Molybdenum Isotopes
Authors: Wang Jian , Tang Gong‐Jian , Tappe Sebastian , Li Jie , Zou Zongqi , Wang Qiang , Su Yu‐Ping , Zheng Jian‐Ping 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlthough carbonates are the primary form of carbon subducted into the mantle, their fate during recycling is debated. Here we report the first coupled high‐precision Zn and Mo isotope data for Cenozoic intraplate basalts from western China. The exceptionally high δ66Zn values (+0.39 to +0.50‰) of these lavas require involvement of recycled carbonates in the mantle source. Variable δ98Mo compositions (−0.39 to +0.27‰) are positively correlated with Mo/Ce, best interpreted as mixing between isotopically light Mo from dehydrated oceanic crust and heavy Mo from recycled carbonates, which is also supported by positive coupling between δ66Zn and δ98Mo. Modeling reveals that involvement of ≤5% carbonate‐bearing oceanic crust fully resolves the observed δ66Zn–δ98Mo mantle heterogeneity probed by intracontinental basalts. Our study demonstrates that combined δ66Zn–δ98Mo data sets for mantle‐derived magmas can track recycled surficial carbonates in Earth's interior, providing a powerful geochemical tool for deep carbon science.
Chromosome-level genome assembly of the silver pomfret Pampus argenteus
Authors: Wei Jiehong , Xiao Yongshuang , Liu Jing , Herrera-Ulloa Angel , Loh Kar-Hoe , Xu Kuidong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788) is one of the major fishery species in coastal China. Pampus argenteus has a highly specialized morphology, and its declining fishery resources have encouraged massive research efforts on its aquacultural biology. In this study, we reported the first high-quality chromosome-level genome of P. argenteus obtained by integrating Illumina, PacBio HiFi, and Hi-C sequencing techniques. The final size of the genome was 518.06 Mb, with contig and scaffold N50 values of 20.47 and 22.86 Mb, respectively. The sequences were anchored and oriented onto 24 pseudochromosomes based on Hi-C data corresponding to the 24-chromatid karyotype of P. argenteus. A colinear relationship was observed between the P. argenteus genome and that of a closely related species (Scomber japonicus). A total of 24,696 protein-coding genes were identified from the genome, 98.9% of which were complete BUSCOs. This report represents the first case of high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly for P. argenteus and can provide valuable information for future evolutionary, conservation, and aquacultural research.
Predictive potentials of glycosylation-related genes in glioma prognosis and their correlation with immune infiltration
Authors: Sun Yi-Fei , Zhang Lan-Chun , Niu Rui-Ze , Chen Li , Xia Qing-Jie , Xiong Liu-Lin , Wang Ting-Hua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGlycosylation is currently considered to be an important hallmark of cancer. However, the characterization of glycosylation-related gene sets has not been comprehensively analyzed in glioma, and the relationship between glycosylation-related genes and glioma prognosis has not been elucidated. Here, we firstly found that the glycosylation-related differentially expressed genes in glioma patients were engaged in biological functions related to glioma progression revealed by enrichment analysis. Then seven glycosylation genes (BGN, C1GALT1C1L, GALNT13, SDC1, SERPINA1, SPTBN5 and TUBA1C) associated with glioma prognosis were screened out by consensus clustering, principal component analysis, Lasso regression, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis using the TCGA-GTEx database. A glycosylation-related prognostic signature was developed and validated using CGGA database data with significantly accurate prediction on glioma prognosis, which showed better capacity to predict the prognosis of glioma patients than clinicopathological factors do. GSEA enrichment analysis based on the risk score further revealed that patients in the high-risk group were involved in immune-related pathways such as cytokine signaling, inflammatory responses, and immune regulation, as well as glycan synthesis and metabolic function. Immuno-correlation analysis revealed that a variety of immune cell infiltrations, such as Macrophage, activated dendritic cell, Regulatory T cell (Treg), and Natural killer cell, were increased in the high-risk group. Moreover, functional experiments were performed to evaluate the roles of risk genes in the cell viability and cell number of glioma U87 and U251 cells, which demonstrated that silencing BGN, SDC1, SERPINA1, TUBA1C, C1GALT1C1L and SPTBN5 could inhibit the growth and viability of glioma cells. These findings strengthened the prognostic potentials of our predictive signature in glioma. In conclusion, this prognostic model composed of 7 glycosylation-related genes distinguishes well the high-risk glioma patients, which might potentially serve as caner biomarkers for disease diagnosis and treatment.
Optimizing protein delivery rate from silk fibroin hydrogel using silk fibroin-mimetic peptides conjugation
Authors: Promsuk Jaturong , Manissorn Juthatip , Laomeephol Chavee , Luckanagul Jittima Amie , Methachittipan Apipon , Tonsomboon Khaow , Jenjob Ratchapol , Yang Su-Geun , Thongnuek Peerapat , Wangkanont Kittikhun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractControlled release of proteins, such as growth factors, from biocompatible silk fibroin (SF) hydrogel is valuable for its use in tissue engineering, drug delivery, and other biological systems. To achieve this, we introduced silk fibroin-mimetic peptides (SFMPs) with the repeating unit (GAGAGS)n. Using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a model protein, our results showed that SFMPs did not affect the GFP function when conjugated to it. The SFMP-GFP conjugates incorporated into SF hydrogel did not change the gelation time and allowed for controlled release of the GFP. By varying the length of SFMPs, we were able to modulate the release rate, with longer SFMPs resulting in a slower release, both in water at room temperature and PBS at 37 °C. Furthermore, the SF hydrogel with the SFMPs showed greater strength and stiffness. The increased β-sheet fraction of the SF hydrogel, as revealed by FTIR analysis, explained the gel properties and protein release behavior. Our results suggest that the SFMPs effectively control protein release from SF hydrogel, with the potential to enhance its mechanical stability. The ability to modulate release rates by varying the SFMP length will benefit personalized and controlled protein delivery in various systems.
Comparison of the formula accuracy for calculating multifocal intraocular lens power: a single center retrospective study in Korean patients
Authors: Kim Jinchul , Park Joonsung , Jo Yoonjung 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study evaluated the accuracy of newer formulas (Barrett Universal II, EVO 2.0, Kane, Hoffer QST, and PEARL-DGS) and the Haigis formula in Korean patients with the Alcon TFNT multifocal intraocular lens. In total, 3100 randomly selected eyes of 3100 patients were retrospectively reviewed. After constant optimization, the standard deviation (SD) of the prediction error was assessed for the entire group, and the root mean square error was compared for short and long axial length (AL) subgroup analysis. The Cooke-modified AL (CMAL) was experimentally applied to the Haigis formula. All the newer formulas performed well, but they did not significantly outperform the Haigis formula. In addition, all the newer formulas exhibited significant myopic outcomes (− 0.23 to − 0.29 diopters) in long eyes. Application of the CMAL to the Haigis formula with single constant optimization produced similar behavior and higher correlation with the newer formulas. The CMAL-applied triple-optimized Haigis formula yielded a substantially smaller SD, even superior to the Barrett and Hoffer QST formulas. The AL modification algorithms such as the CMAL used in newer formulas to cope with optical biometry’s overestimation of the AL in long eyes seemed to overcompensate, particularly in the long eyes of the East Asian population.
Kidney double positive T cells have distinct characteristics in normal and diseased kidneys
Authors: Noel Sanjeev , Newman-Rivera Andrea , Lee Kyungho , Gharaie Sepideh , Patel Shishir , Singla Nirmish , Rabb Hamid 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMultiple types of T cells have been described and assigned pathophysiologic functions in the kidneys. However, the existence and functions of TCR+CD4+CD8+ (double positive; DP) T cells are understudied in normal and diseased murine and human kidneys. We studied kidney DPT cells in mice at baseline and after ischemia reperfusion (IR) and cisplatin injury. Additionally, effects of viral infection and gut microbiota were studied. Human kidneys from patients with renal cell carcinoma were evaluated. Our results demonstrate that DPT cells expressing CD4 and CD8 co-receptors constitute a minor T cell population in mouse kidneys. DPT cells had significant Ki67 and PD1 expression, effector/central memory phenotype, proinflammatory cytokine (IFNγ, TNFα and IL-17) and metabolic marker (GLUT1, HKII, CPT1a and pS6) expression at baseline. IR, cisplatin and viral infection elevated DPT cell proportions, and induced distinct functional and metabolic changes. scRNA-seq analysis showed increased expression of Klf2 and Ccr7 and enrichment of TNFα and oxidative phosphorylation related genes in DPT cells. DPT cells constituted a minor population in both normal and cancer portion of human kidneys. In conclusion, DPT cells constitute a small population of mouse and human kidney T cells with distinct inflammatory and metabolic profile at baseline and following kidney injury.
Ameliorative effect and mechanism of ursodeoxycholic acid on hydrogen peroxide-induced hepatocyte injury
Authors: Wang Xueqin , Liang Guangxi , Zhou Yang , Ni Banggao , Zhou Xiangyu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo assess the ameliorative effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced hepatocyte injury. In our in vivo experiments, we modelled hyperlipidemia in ApoE−/− mice subjected to a 3-month high-fat diet and found that HE staining of the liver showed severe liver injury and excessive H2O2 was detected in the serum. We modelled oxidative stress injury in L02 cells by H2O2 in vitro and analyzed the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and related genes. UDCA significantly improved the level of oxidative stress in H2O2-injured L02 cells (P < 0.05). In addition, UDCA improved the transcription levels of inflammation and oxidative stress-related genes (P < 0.05), showing anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects. UDCA has a protective effect on H2O2-damaged L02 cells, which lays a theoretical foundation for its application development.
Person identification with arrhythmic ECG signals using deep convolution neural network
Authors: Al-Jibreen Awabed , Al-Ahmadi Saad , Islam Saiful , Artoli Abdel Momin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOver the past decade, the use of biometrics in security systems and other applications has grown in popularity. ECG signals in particular are attracting increased attention due to their characteristics, which are required for a trustworthy identification system. The majority of ECG-based person identification systems are evaluated without considering the health-state of the individuals. Few person identification systems consider person-by-person health-state annotation. This paper proposes a person identification system considering the health-state annotated ECG signals where each person’s beats overlap among variant arrhythmia classes. This overlapping between the normal class and other arrhythmia classes grants the ability to isolate normal beats in the train set from the Arrhythmic beats in the test set. Therefore, this paper investigates the effect of arrhythmic heartbeats on biometric recognition. An effective lightweight CNN based on depth-wise separable convolution (DWSC) is proposed to enhance the performance of person identification for several common arrhythmia types using the MITBIH dataset. The proposed methodology has been tested on nine arrhythmia types and presents how different types of arrhythmia affect ECG-based biometric systems differently. The experimental results show excellent recognition performance (99.28%) on normal heartbeats and (93.81%) on arrhythmic heartbeats, outperforming other models in terms of mean accuracy.
Ten-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk trajectories among women veteran cancer patients
Authors: Whyne Erum Z. , Choi Sung-Hee , Dowell Jonathan E. , Conzen Suzanne D. , Jeon-Slaughter Haekyung 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDespite a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in women cancer survivors than their male counterparts, importance of female sex has been underestimated due to under-representation of women in clinical research and male dominant CVD risk models. This study examined ten-year Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) risk trajectories in women veterans diagnosed with the ten most common cancers—bladder, breast, colorectal, endometrial/uterine/cervix, leukemia, liver, lung and bronchium, Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, melanoma, and thyroid cancer—using United States (US) Veterans Affairs (VA) Electronic Health Records data. The study included 78,556 women veterans aged between 30 and 80 years from diverse backgrounds treated at VA hospitals with ≥2 complete outpatient visit records in the VA health care system between January 01, 2007 and December 31, 2017. A steep rise in ASCVD risk score trajectories post-cancer diagnosis was observed among women diagnosed with bladder, breast, liver, lung and thyroid cancer, melanoma, and Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, compared to pre-cancer diagnosis periods, as well as significantly elevated pre-cancer ASCVD risk among all patients with cancer, other than thyroid cancer, compared to the no cancer group (p < 0.0001). ASCVD risk monitoring is highly recommended to reduce adverse cardiovascular events for women diagnosed with cancer, survivors, and for women at risk of future cancer incidences.
Mitigating stellar activity in radial velocity measurements through the spectral tracking of starspots
Authors: Dorval P. , Snellen I. 
Published: February 2024

Context. Extreme-precision radial velocity observations used to search for low-mass extrasolar planets are hampered by astrophysical noise originating from stellar photospheres. Starspots are a particular nuisance when observing young and active stars. New algorithms are needed to overcome the stellar noise barrier in radial velocity measurements.
Aims. Using simulations of stellar spectra, we aim to test a technique, which we call GUSTS, that directly measures the contribution from starspots by using spectral features that are distinct from the rest of the stellar photosphere. Their contributions are expected to be anti-correlated with the starspot-induced radial velocity jitter of the star. This is reminiscent of high-dispersion observations of a transiting planet, which causes a Rossiter-McLaughlin effect but also leaves an atmospheric transmission signature that, in the case of spin-orbital alignment, is anti-correlated in radial velocity with the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect.
Methods. We simulated rotating stars with a single starspot to test the method. Synthetic spectral time series were averaged to obtain a virtual spot-free star spectrum. The individual spectra were subsequently convolved with a kernel, using single value decomposition, to match the average spectrum as closely as possible, after which this average spectrum was removed from the individual spectra. The residual spectra were subsequently searched for spot signatures using the template spot spectrum used to make the synthetic stars. We tested this method on a variety of spectra with different signal-to-noise ratios and investigated what data quality is needed to use this technique in practice.
Results. We demonstrate that the new GUSTS technique can work to reduce radial velocity jitter from starspots given a highly sampled, high S/N dataset. Though this alone cannot take radial velocity jitter down to the level to see Earth-like planets, it can be combined with other methods and can be used on starspot-dominated stars to detect smaller and farther planets. This technique could be useful for the future Terra Hunting Experiment, which will provide high S/N data with large samples.
Humanitarian Protections
Authors: Edelman R David 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChapter 7 begins by framing the kind of humanitarian protections that emerge from and give shape to this logic of restraint—those governing the conduct of warfare. Though the range of such protections is vast, two areas are of particular interest: rules governing lawful means and methods, and exceptional prohibitions on extremely problematic weaponry. With respect to the former, the substantial scholarly work on how the jus in bello regulates lawful cyber operations provides an opportunity for a distinct and focused inquiry: on what basis cyberattacks as defined herein may themselves be inherently unlawful. It discovers several key provisions of the jus in bello that in the abstract, fundamentally problematize the permissibility of large-scale cyberattacks. At a minimum, it suggests skepticism as to the usability of the tool, and perhaps a stronger basis for restraint. This result also provides a prism through which to understand one paradox of the present moment: a doctrine of normalization among Western states that has not been met by frequent and overt practice. It argues that there is a crucial missing piece to determining the impact of these conclusions: the basis that a customary (or even codified) prohibitive norm against cyberattacks might emerge.
Picard Groups of Some Quot Schemes
Authors: Gangopadhyay Chandranandan , Sebastian Ronnie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Let $C$ be a smooth projective curve over the field of complex numbers ${\mathbb{C}}$ of genus $g(C)&gt;0$. Let $E$ be a locally free sheaf on $C$ of rank $r$ and degree $e$. Let $\mathcal{Q}:=\textrm{Quot}_{C/{\mathbb{C}}}(E,k,d)$ denote the Quot scheme of quotients of $E$ of rank $k$ and degree $d$. For $k&gt;0$ and $d\gg 0$, we compute the Picard group of $\mathcal{Q}$.
Congenital granular cell tumor of a newborn: a case report of a rare entity
Authors: Hussein Al-janabi Moatasem , Ashkar Hala , Zainab Deema , Ghanem Mohammad Marah , Eid Raghad , Yakoub Hikmat , Al-Shehabi Zuheir 
Published: February 2024

Introduction and importance:
A congenital granular cell tumor is an uncommon benign soft tissue tumor in newborns. It occurs mostly as a single tumor, that mainly affects the oral mucosa, especially the maxillary alveolar ridge. The tumor has a female predilection, with the female-to-male ratio being 10:1. A congenital granular cell tumor is believed to be of mesenchymal origin, and its exact etiology remains unclear.

Case presentation:
In this report, the authors present a case of a congenital granular cell tumor on the maxillary alveolar ridge in a 20-day-old female infant. Due to difficulty with breast-feeding, the surgical excision was performed under general anesthesia, and the intraoral mass was completely resected. A histopathological examination of the specimen led to the diagnosis of a congenital granular cell tumor.

Clinical discussion:
The congenital gingival granular cell tumor of the newborn is a rare benign tumor. Congenital gingival granular cell tumors are believed to be of mesenchymal origin, and their exact etiology remains unclear. These tumors are usually solitary and present as asymptomatic, firm, mobile, and subcutaneous masses. It is reported that these tumors are found three times more frequently in the maxillary anterior region than in the mandibular region.

Conclusion:
A congenital granular cell tumor is a rare benign lesion that is found exclusively in newborn infants. The clinical appearance of congenital granular cell tumors may be variable, making it difficult to distinguish them from other tumors. However, histopathological examination is the gold standard for diagnosis. Surgical excision is the most common and effective treatment option, with no recurrence rates.
Endoscopic gastric plication: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Laopeamthong Issaree , Kasetsermwiriya Wisit , Techapongsatorn Suphakarn , Tansawet Amarit 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Bariatric surgery is associated with sustainable weight loss and lower mortality. Presently, these procedures can be performed endoscopically. Among endoscopic procedures, endoscopic gastric plication (EGP) is the most studied but has not yet been compared among its variations.

Method:
Studies were identified by searching database and reference lists. They would be eligible if they were conducted in adult patients with obesity, did not involve revision, compared EGP and controls, and reported at least 1-year weight loss results. The interventions of interest were endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG), primary obesity surgery endoluminal (POSE), and transoral gastroplasty (TOGA). The primary outcome was the percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL). From network meta-analysis, treatment comparisons between each intervention were estimated. The interventions were further ranked in terms of maximizing weight loss or minimizing severe adverse events (SAEs).

Results:
Significant %EWLs from ESG and POSE versus control were observed at 12 months with pooled mean differences (MDs) and 95% CI of 44.7% (27.95%, 61.45%) and 16.29% (0.32%, 32.26%), respectively. The results also indicated that ESG was more efficacious than POSE [MD (95% CI): 28.41% (5.27%, 51.56%)] and TOGA [MD (95% CI): 36% (11.38%, 60.62%)]. For SAEs, ESG, POSE, and TOGA yielded relative risks (95% CI) of 2.81 (0.14, 56.85), 2.15 (0.13, 36.48), and 3.26 (0.07, 153.3), respectively, compared with the control.

Conclusions:
ESG was the best EGP, followed by POSE and TOGA. No significant increase in SAE was indicated from EGP. This network meta-analysis must be updated when more data are available.
Congenital lobar emphysema mis-interpreted as tension pneumothorax: a case report and literature review
Authors: Ngam Blessing N. , Shu Chinonso P. , Tharion John , Brown James A. , Kamel Armia S.F. , Nwegbu Chukwuemeka G. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction and importance:
Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a rare developmental lung anomaly that occasionally remains asymptomatic until adulthood. The right diagnosis is very crucial in its management.

Case presentation:
The authors report the case of a 29-year-old otherwise healthy, nonsmoker male. Referred after management of a presumptuous diagnosis of tension pneumothorax. His symptoms at initial presentation were a chronic cough and progressive exertional dyspnea. His chest radiography revealed absent lung markings in the right lung field with a trachea deviation to the left, interpreted as a tension pneumothorax. However, chest tube insertion worsened his dyspnea. A computed tomography scan, though initially interpreted as pneumothorax, showed findings consistent with CLE.

Discussion:
Adult CLE is a very rare presentation. A computed tomography scan is the imaging of choice. Even though watchful waiting is reasonable in selected patients, lobectomy remains the standard of care, preferably via video-assisted thoracic surgery.

Conclusion:
Failure to recognize CLE or other cystic lung lesions can lead to harmful procedures.