bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust video steganography using wavelet transform with weighted median filter-based prediction model
Authors: Babu J. Suresh , Niranjana G. , Ramana Kadiyala 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Several security issues arise when transferring data or information between sites or via public networks. To stop the theft of sensitive data, numerous video steganography techniques have lately been put forth. However, there are numerous problems with these approaches' visual imperceptibility, resilience, and embedding ability. To ensure the robustness of the steganography model, we present robust video steganography employing wavelet transform and a prediction model based on a weighted median filter in this study. Five steps make up the proposed method: frame conversion, discrete wavelet transform (DWT) frame decomposition, secret image encryption, embedding, and extraction. We start by taking into account the two inputs, namely, video and secret information. After that, a frame count is created from the video sequence. We use DWT to divide the frame into low and high-frequency sub-bands after frame conversion. We chose the high-frequency band for the embedding operation from among the sub-bands. Then, we use a secret image to encrypt the data using the Enhanced Cyclic Shift Transposition (ECST) technique. Then, a high-frequency band containing the encrypted secret information is inserted into the cover video. The weighted median-based prediction (WMP) technique is proposed for the embedding process. We use the inverse wavelet transform to obtain stego-information after the embedding process. We use the reverse process while extracting data. The performance of the proposed approach is analyzed based on different metrics and we obtained the maximum PSNR of 57.59dB.
Ginsenoside Rb1 alleviates airway inflammation in asthma by regulating mitochondrial dysfunction through SIRT1/PGC-1α and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Li Huiwen , Piao Ying , Bai Qiaoyun , Han Xue , Shen Lin , Liu Xiaohan , Piao Hongmei , Yan Guanghai , Piao Yihua , Song Yilan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Aim of this study is to investigate whether Ginsenoside Rb1 attenuates cockroach extract (CRE) induced asthma by interfering with mitochondrial dysfunction. After induction of CRE, mice were administrated different dose of Rb1. HE staining, ELISA and flow cytometry analysis showed that, the inflammatory cell infiltration, total IgE and CRE specific IgE in serum, and inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were effectively inhibited by Rb1. Through Western blot, TUNEL and immunofluorescence co-localization assay, we observed Rb1 also inhibited endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS), tightly associated with increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) levels, and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA). Subsequently, the silent information regulator Sirtuni1(SIRT1)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator α (PGC-1α) pathway were activated, whereas, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway were alleviated. All of which led to mitochondria dysfunction via promoting mitochondrial fusion protein Mitofusion 1 (MFN1) and inhibiting dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) expression and apoptosis in lungs. In BEAS-2B cells, Rb1 played a similar role as SIRT1 agonist (SRT1720), including mitochondrial membrane potential enhancement, mitochondrial ROS and DRP1 translocation to mitochondria decrease. Our findings suggest that Rb1 maintains mitochondria integrity by activating SIRT1/PGC-1α, inhibiting PI3K/AKT, thereby ameliorates asthmatic airway inflammation.
Nutrients dynamic and temperature sensitivity of emergent plant litter decomposition in an inland freshwater wetland: perspective of microbial community structure and function
Authors: Xiao Xueqing , Zhang Shengqi , Zhao Jianan , Liu Ling , Han Yuan , Wang Hongjie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Among the most crucial biogeochemical processes in wetlands, the decomposition of emergent plant litter, significantly influences the dynamics of eutrophication, health and integrity of the ecosystem. However, the mechanisms that govern wetland nutrient and litter decomposition interactions are still not well understood. Here we carried out four different treatments to investigate the effect of different temperature (20 and 35 °C), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) concentration (0.8 and 1.2 mg/L) and sediment on the changes of the water quality, organic matter composition and bacterial community succession in the leaf litter of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). The results revealed that, all four water quality indexes chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH3-N, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) initially showed an increasing and followed by a subsequent decrease over the 4 days of decomposition, and the concentration at the end of the test were higher than the initial value. More organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus were obviously released from 35 ℃ treatments, while the increase of NH3-N content inhibited the release of nutrients, and there was an adsorption effect of the sediment on nitrogen and phosphorus. Excitation emission matrix parallel factor analysis identified the presence of difficult biodegradable aromatic hydrocarbon structures of humus under the 35 ℃ treatments, and the litter decomposition at low NH3-N concentrations and sediment treatments released more dissolved organic matter (DOM), especially the involvement of sediment promotes the production of amides and proteins. At 72 h, the decomposition of plant litters under 35 ℃ and low NH3-N content improved the microbial diversity, and the main microorganisms included Proteobacteria (96.82 %), while the 20 ℃ and sediment were more suitable for the growth of Bacteroidota (25.20 %) and Firmicutes (9.91 %), respectively. Canonical correspondence analysis suggested that differences in bacterial abundance and diversity significantly correlated with COD and NH3-N, and the relationship between bacterial diversity and environmental parameters was affected by decomposition phases. Moreover, the microbial differences between the early and late stages of decomposition were significant. Thus, we provide evidence that the complex litter decay in wetlands is the result of dynamic effects of nutrients and environmental conditions, accompanied by bacterial diversity succession.
Multidimensional profile of gut microbiota in a large cohort of stratified rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: He Jing , Li Jing , Xu Congmin , Xu Jun , Fang Yue , Jin Jiayang , Tian Jiayi , Fu Zhicong , Zhufeng Yunzhi , Liu Yudong , Gan Yuzhou , Zhang Xiaoying , Wang Yifan , Feng Ruiling , Fan Wenqiang , Li Yingni , Zhao Xiaozhen , Liu Yulan , Li Yucui , Gong Shushi , Su Linchong , Cai Yueming , Shi Lianjie , Sun Xiaolin , Xiang Yang , Zhao Jinxia , Wang Qingwen , Li Ru , Su Yin , Pan Hudan , Guo Xiaohuan , Liu Liang , Zhang Fan , Mackay Charles , Li Shenghui , Qin Junjie , Li Zhan-Guo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

It is unknown if dysbiosis of microbiota plays a role in the initiation and severity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In a comprehensive study of 2297 individuals, including 1,064 RA patients and 1,233 healthy controls, we uncovered an age-related trajectory fluctuation of intestinal microbiota in RA which clearly coincided with the peak age of RA onset. Patients at RA onset exhibited a significant reduction in anti-inflammatory species likeAkkermansia muciniphila,Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus, andRumlnococcus albus. Conversely, pro-inflammatory bacteriaEscherchia coli, Parabacteroldes distesonis, andVelllonella parvulawere largely enriched. Samples in different clusters show distinct microbial patterns, and associated with treatment response. Specific gut microbiota was closely linked to RA's clinical features and systemic involvements, especially interstitial lung disease (ILD). Our predictive model based on gut microbiota successfully distinguished RA with systemic impairment from those with mainly joint involvements. Additionally, a 6-year follow-up cohort showed that lower disease activity associated with increased abundance ofStreptococcu salivarius, Anaerostipehadrus, andlactobacillus fermentum. These findings suggest that gut microbiota may trigger RA initiation, and are associated with aggravated and systemic damages of the disease, and could lead to more personalized and effective treatment strategies.
Circulating tumor cell combined with artificial intelligence to establish a model for diagnosing the malignancy of pulmonary nodules
Authors: Dahu Ren , Bin Li , Shuangqing Chen , Qingtao Zhao , Xiaopeng Zhang , huanfen zhao , wenfei xue , wei li , Guochen Duan , Shun Xu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Exploring the clinical application value of combining circulating tumor cell (CTC) with artificial intelligence in predicting the pathological nature of pulmonary nodules. Constructing a prediction model based on factors related to lung cancer to provide reliable prediction criteria for clinical doctors to predict the pathological nature of pulmonary nodules, in order to guide clinical doctors in judging the benign and malignant nature and infiltration degree of pulmonary nodules (PN).
Methods
This study included a total of 76 patients with PN who underwent surgical treatment. Based on preoperative imaging of the patients, an artificial intelligence imaging system called "United Imaging Intelligence" was used to classify the pulmonary nodules into three levels of "low risk", "medium risk", and "high risk", and the preoperative CTC level of the patients was recorded. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the nature of the PN and to construct relevant column charts. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the diagnostic value of artificial intelligence and CTC levels for the nature of PN lesions.
Results
The artificial intelligence model for grouping benign and malignant PN and the difference in CTC levels have statistical significance (P < 0.05). The results of multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that artificial intelligence high-risk grouping, CTC level, and age are independent risk factors affecting the nature of PN (P < 0.05). We also constructed a column chart to guide clinical doctors in treatment. The area under the curve (AUC) for the artificial intelligence risk grouping and CTC level diagnosis of malignant PN were 78.9% and 74.3%, respectively.
Conclusion
Artificial intelligence model combined with CTC detection helps improve the accuracy of lung nodule characterization diagnosis and assists in guiding clinical decisions.
Quercetin regulates pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension through TGF-β1-Smad2/3 pathway
Authors: Gao ruijuan , Nigala Aikeremu , Cao Nan , Chen Chong , Ma Ke-Tao , Li Li , Zhang Aimei , Si Junqiang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, poorly prognostic, fatal progressive disease characterized by progressively elevated pulmonary artery pressure. We investigated the pharmacological action and mechanism of quercetin on pulmonary hypertension, since the existing therapeutic drugs could not stop the disease progression. In this paper, the mechanism of quercetin's protective effect on pulmonary hypertension was investigated by in vivo and cell experiments. Our results suggest that quercetin therapy alleviates pulmonary hypertension, reduces right ventricular hypertrophy, and improves pulmonary remodeling in monocrotaline (MCT) -induced pulmonary hypertension in rats, possibly by inhibiting the TGF-β1/ Smad2/3 signaling pathway. In addition, quercetin can effectively inhibit the proliferation, migration and phenotype transformation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) induced by platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB), and its mechanism may also be related to the above signal pathways. In short, this study suggests that quercetin may serve as a potential treatment for PAH, possibly through the TGF-β1/ Smad2/3 signaling pathway.
Geo-Spatial Analysis of Built-Environment Exposure to Flooding: Iowa Case Study
Authors: Alabbad Yazeed , Demir Ibrahim 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Flooding is the most frequent type of natural disaster, inducing devastating damage at large and small spatial scales. Flood exposure analysis is a critical part of flood risk assessment. While most studies analyze the exposure elements separately, it is crucial to perform a multi-parameter exposure analysis and consider different types of flood zones to gain a comprehensive understanding of the impact and make informed mitigation decisions. This research analyzes the population, properties, and road networks potentially exposed to the 100, 200, and 500-year flood events at the county level in the State of Iowa using geospatial analytics. We also propose a flood exposure index at the county level using fuzzy overlay analysis to help find the most impacted county. During flooding, results indicate that the county-level percentage of displaced population, impacted properties, and road length can reach up to 46%, 41%, and 40%, respectively. We found that the most exposed buildings and roads are laid in residential areas. Also, 25% of the counties are designated as very high-exposure areas. This study can help many stakeholders identify vulnerable areas and ensure equitable distribution of investments and resources toward flood mitigation projects.
Impact of Heme Deficiency in Skeletal Muscle: Exacerbation of Sarcopenia and Impaired Autophagy via Reduced AMPK Signaling
Authors: Akabane Takeru , Sagae Hiromori , Wijk Koen , Saitoh Shinichi , Kimura Tomohiro , Okano Satoshi , Kodama Ken , Takahashi Kiwamu , Nakajima Motowo , Tanaka Tohru , Takagi Michiaki , Nakajima Osamu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Heme serves as a prosthetic group in hemoproteins, including subunits of the mammalian mitochondrial electron transfer chain. The first enzyme in vertebrate heme biosynthesis, 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase 1 (ALAS1), is ubiquitously expressed and essential for producing 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). We previously showed that Alas1 heterozygous mice at 20-35 weeks (aged-A1+/-s) manifested impaired glucose metabolism, mitochondrial malformation in skeletal muscle, and reduced exercise tolerance, potentially linked to autophagy dysfunction. In this study, we investigated autophagy in A1+/-s and a sarcopenic phenotype in A1+/-s at 75-95 weeks (senile-A1+/-s). Senile-A1+/-s exhibited significantly reduced body and gastrocnemius muscle weight, and muscle strength, indicating an accelerated sarcopenic phenotype. Decreases in total LC3 and LC3-II protein and Map1lc3a mRNA levels were observed in aged-A1+/-s under fasting conditions and in Alas1 knockdown myocyte-differentiated C2C12 cells (A1KD-C2C12s) cultured in high- or low-glucose medium. ALA treatment largely reversed these declines. Reduced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling was associated with decreased autophagy in aged-A1+/-s and A1KD-C2C12s. AMPK modulation using AICAR (activator) and dorsomorphin (inhibitor) affected LC3 protein levels in an AMPK-dependent manner. Our findings suggest that heme deficiency contributes to accelerated sarcopenia and reduced autophagy in skeletal muscle, primarily due to decreased AMPK signaling.
Reproductive characteristics and suitability of sterile dead end knockout nibe croaker as a recipient for intraperitoneal germ cell transplantation
Authors: Yazawa Ryosuke , Saitoh Kyoichiro , Yamauchi Akihiro , Eyuboglu Onur , Ozawa Kana , Kawamura Wataru , Morita Tetsuro , Takeuchi Yutaka , Yoshizaki Goro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The use of sterile recipients is crucial for efficiently producing donor-derived offspring through surrogate broodstock technology for practical aquaculture applications. Although knockout (KO) of the dead end (dnd) gene has been used in previous studies as a sterilization method, it has not been reported in marine fish. In this study, nibe croaker was utilized as a model for marine teleosts that produce small pelagic eggs, and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system was utilized to produce dnd KO fish. The F1 generation, which carried a nonsense mutation in the dnd gene, was produced by mating founder individuals with wild-type counterparts. Subsequently, the F2 generation was produced by mating the resulting males and females. Among the F2 generations, 24.0% consisted of homozygous KO individuals. Histological analysis revealed that primordial germ cells (PGCs) were present in homozygous KO individuals at 10 days post hatching (dph), similar to wild-type individuals. However, by 20 dph, PGCs were absent in KO individuals. Furthermore, no germ cells were observed in the gonads of both sexes of homozygous KO individuals at 6 months old, which is the typical maturity age for wild-type individuals of both sexes. In addition, when cryopreserved donor nibe croaker testicular cells were transplanted, only donor-derived offspring were successfully obtained through the spontaneous mating of homozygous KO recipient parents. Results indicate that dnd KO nibe croaker lack germ cells and can serve as promising recipients, producing only donor-derived gametes as surrogate broodstock.
Cumulative Incidence and Risk Factors for Anti-Resorptive Agent-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw during Long-Term Prostate Cancer Management
Authors: Tani Masaru , Hatano Koji , Yoshimura Akihiro , Horibe Yuki , Liu Yutong , Sassi Nesrine , Oka Toshiki , Okuda Yohei , Yamamoto Akinaru , Uemura Toshihiro , Yamamichi Gaku , Ishizuya Yu , Yamamoto Yoshiyuki , Kato Taigo , Kawashima Atsunari , Nonomura Norio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Bone-modifying agents (BMA) are extensively used in treating patients with prostate cancer with bone metastases. However, this increases the risk of anti-resorptive agent-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (ARONJ). The safety of long-term BMA administration in clinical practice remains unclear. We aimed to determine the cumulative incidence and risk factors of ARONJ. One hundred and seventy-nine patients with prostate cancer with bone metastases treated with BMA at our institution since 2008 were included in this study. Twenty-seven patients (15%) had ARONJ during the follow-up period (median, 19 months; interquartile range, 9–43 months). The 2-year, 5-year, and 10-year cumulative ARONJ incidence rates were 18%, 27%, and 61%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified denosumab use as a risk factor for ARONJ, compared with zoledronic acid use (HR 4.64, 95% CI 1.93–11.1). Additionally, BMA use at longer than one-month intervals was associated with a lower risk of ARONJ (HR 0.08, 95% CI 0.01–0.64). Furthermore, six or more bone metastases (HR 3.65, 95% CI 1.13–11.7) and diabetes mellitus (HR 5.07, 95% CI 1.68–15.2) were risk factors for stage 2 or more severe ARONJ. ARONJ should be considered during long-term BMA administration in prostate cancer patients with bone metastases.
A numerical study of heat and mass transfer characteristic of three-dimensional bi- directional permeable stretching surface with thermal radiation, chemical reaction, and slip boundary conditions
Authors: Ullah Hakeem , Abas Syed Arshad , Fiza Mehreen , Khan Ilyas , Rahimzai Ariana Abdul , Akgul Ali 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Heat and mass transport characteristics of hybrid nanofluid magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow with chemical reaction, thermal radiation and slip effects over a stretching surface is scrutinized in this study. The nanoparticles copper and alumina are combined with water for the formation of hybrid nanofluid. Using the self-similar method for the transformation of governing flow equation PDEs to the system of ODEs which are nonlinear. Along with boundary conditions, these systems of equations is solved numerically utilizing bvp4c technique. The effect of the different physical non-dimensional flow parameters on different flow profiles such as velocity, temperature and concentration are depicted through graphs. The numerical outcomes of skin friction, Nusselt number, and mass transfer rate for various prominent parameters are shown in Tables. The velocity profiles diminish with the effect of magnetic and slip parameters. The velocity along y direction shows direct link with the ratio parameter while velocity along x direction shows opposite impact. Both the temperature and concentration slip parameters leads to reduce the temperature and concentration profile respectively also the Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. The thermophoresis and Brownian motion enhance the Sherwood number while decreasing the Nusselt number. Comparison is made between the already published work to the present and found excellent agreement between them.
Oral antidiabetic therapy versus early insulinization on glycemic control in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients: a retrospective matched cohort study
Authors: Lee Yang-Ming , Ru Lin , Sia Hon-Ke 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aim
Our study aims to compare the efficacy of oral antidiabetic therapy to early insulinization on glycemic control among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients in real-world clinical practice.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study conducted at a medical center in Taiwan analyzed 1,256 eligible patients from January 2007 to December 2017. Propensity score matching resulted in well-balanced groups of 113 patients each in the oral antidiabetic drug (OAD) and early insulinization cohorts. Glycemic outcomes were assessed in both groups.
Results
Patients exclusively using OAD showed consistently lower glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels at 3, 12, 24, and 36 months compared to insulin users. At later periods, 78.8% of OAD users achieved glycemic control versus 67.3% of insulin users, with a marginally significant difference. Subgroup analyses suggested a trend favoring well-controlled diabetes in the OAD group, though not statistically significant.
Conclusions
Our study finds oral antidiabetic therapy is not inferior to early insulinization for glycemic control in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients, irrespective of initial HbA1c levels. This supports oral therapy as a rational treatment option, even in cases with elevated HbA1c at diagnosis.