bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Twenty years of private well testing in New Jersey: A review of the United States's most comprehensive well water testing regulation
Authors: Gleason Jessie A. , O'Neill Heidi S. , Schwartz Rebecca I. , Procopio Nicholas A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Since the adoption of New Jersey (NJ) Private Well Testing Act (PWTA) over 20 years ago, approximately 134,000 wells have been tested, representing an estimated 34% of the private wells in NJ. The PWTA requires testing of raw water from residences with a private well at real estate transfer. Landlords are required to test private wells every five years and provide results to tenants. There are up to 43 required parameters including bacteria, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), synthetic organic compounds (SOCs), arsenic, iron, lead, mercury, nitrates, gross alpha radioactivity, uranium, three per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), alongside secondary contaminants iron, manganese, and pH. Among tested wells, 15.7% had at least one or more exceedance of a primary drinking water standard. The most common exceeding contaminants have historically been gross alpha radioactivity and arsenic, but since the inclusion of PFAS in 2022, over 12% of wells have exceeded for at least one PFAS. Jurisdictions interested in developing real estate private well testing policies can contemplate many of the findings, successes, and limitations of NJ's PWTA and should consider private well testing policies as a part of a larger private well program which brings together local, state, and federal resources.
A numerical study of diversion flow to determine the optimum flow system in open channels
Authors: Alfatlawi Thair Jabbar Mizhir , Hussein Ameer Hashim 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The term ‘branching flow’ describes water extraction from streams or main channels via secondary lateral channels. Through using 3D model simulation, the aim is to identify the ideal angle of diversion based on the maximum flow rate to the branching channel and the minimum zone of separation size attained at the entrance channel for the eight grades (90°, 75°, 60°, 45°, 30°, 25°, 20°, and 15°). An experimental study has previously been confirmed, and this paper provides a comprehensive implementation of the numerical solution (finite volume) using Flow 3D version 11.0.4 software. The validation study was conducted at the Babylon University/College of Engineering/Laboratory of the fluid. The study presented results for many different flow discharge ratios depending on two inflow discharges (12.5 and 18.5 L/s). The comparison between the numerical model and the experimental results revealed statistically a good agreement. The final results demonstrated that a diversion angle of 25° had the most significant optimum angle with the maximum discharge ratio, a minimum separation zone size, and minimum energy losses. Furthermore, the flow rate peaks in the bifurcating channel (5.76 and 8.11 L/s), which accounts for roughly 46.06 and 43.83%, respectively, from the main channel flow.
Evaluation of instream ecological flows based on hydrological alteration in the Upper Huai River, China
Authors: Liu Simin , Yan Dengming , Lv Hong , Lin Jin , Yu Zhilei , Cao Lucong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Natural flow regime (instream ecological flow) is a vital element of ecological hydrology, serving a crucial role in the fundamental functions of river ecosystems. Intense human activities, especially reservoir operation, have unavoidably altered the flow regime of the Upper Huai River, leading to further impacts on river ecosystems. It is essential to quantify hydrological alterations in flow regimes and their associated impacts on river ecosystems for effective river water management. Ecological flow indicators, namely ecological deficit and surplus, were analyzed to assess instream ecological flow. The overall degree of alteration (Do) and the Dundee Hydrological Regime Alteration Method (DHRAM) were utilized to evaluate the degree of hydrological alteration. Additionally, the Shannon Index (SI) was employed to estimate the impact of hydrological alterations on ecological diversity in this study. The results reveal that the streamflow series underwent mutation in 1987, leading to a decrease in ecological surplus and an increase in ecological deficit. The overall alteration degree is 32%, with a DHRAM level of 3, signifying low hydrological alteration and moderate ecological risk in the region. Furthermore, the biodiversity of the river has markedly declined due to human activities following the alteration.
Definicja stanu cywilnego
Authors: Słyk Jerzy 
Published: March 2024

Artykuł dotyczy definicji stanu cywilnego w prawie prywatnym i publicznym. W pierwszej części omówiony został dorobek doktryny z okresu przed wejściem w życie ustawy Prawo o aktach stanu cywilnego z 2014 roku. W części drugiej omówiono definicję legalną zawartą w art. 2 tej ustawy oraz niektóre jej interpretacje. Autor poddaje krytycznej analizie tę definicję, wskazując na jej mankamenty i brak praktycznej korzyści wynikającej z jej wprowadzenia. Argumentacja ta prowadzi do tezy o praktycznej i naukowej użyteczności definicji formułowanej w poprzednim stanie prawnym, ujmującej pojęcie stanu cywilnego w ramach tzw. „wąskiej koncepcji” odwołującej się do kategorii „stanu rodzinnego” człowieka.
Unlocking the Immunomodulatory Potential of Rosmarinic Acid Isolated from Punica granatum L. using Bioactivity-Guided Approach: In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Approaches
Authors: Gautam Rupesh K. , Tripathi Shailesh Mani , Akash Shopnil , Sharma Sanjay , Sharma Komal , Goyal Swapnil , Behzad Sahar , Gundamaraju Rohit , Mishra Dinesh Kumar , Zhang Yingbo , Shen Bairong , Sundriyal Sandeep , Singla Rajeev K. 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Punica granatum L. is well-known for its multifaceted therapeutic potential, including
anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities.

Aim:
This study aimed to characterize an immunomodulatory compound isolated from Punica granatum
L. using a bioactivity-guided approach.

Methods:
Chromatographic techniques were adopted for isolation and purification of secondary metabolites.
In silico, in vitro, and in vivo methods were performed to characterize the therapeutic potential of
the isolated compound.

Results:
Using preparative thin-layer chromatography, rosmarinic acid was isolated from F4 (column
chromatography product obtained from a butanolic fraction of the extract). The impact of rosmarinic
acid was assessed in rats using the neutrophil adhesion test, DTH response, and phagocytic index. In immunized
rats, rosmarinic acid demonstrated significant immunomodulatory potential. Computational experiments,
like molecular docking and molecular dynamics, were also conducted against two targeted receptors,
Cereblon (PDB ID: 8AOQ) and human CD22 (PDB ID: 5VKM). Computational studies
suggested that an increase in phagocytic index by rosmarinic acid could be attributed to inhibiting Cereblon
and CD22. Pharmacokinetics and toxicity prediction also suggested the drug-likeness of rosmarinic
acid.

Conclusion:
Rosmarinic acid is a potential candidate, but extensive research needs to be done to translate
this molecule from bench to bedside.
Multimodal Gamma Stimulation Improves Activity but not Memory in
Aged Tgf344-AD Rats
Authors: Bentley J.H. , Broussard J.I. 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Multimodal sensory gamma stimulation is a treatment approach for
Alzheimer’s disease that has been shown to improve pathology and memory in transgenic mouse
models of Alzheimer's. Because rats are closer to humans in evolution, we tested the hypothesis
that the transgenic rat line bearing human APP and PS1, line TgF344-AD, would be a good supplemental
candidate to test the efficacy of this treatment. Current therapy approaches under investigation
seek to utilize the immune response to minimize or degrade the accumulation of β-amyloid
plaque load in mouse models designed to overexpress Aβ. However, many of these models lack
some of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease, such as hyperphosphorylated tau and neuronal cell
loss. The TgF344-AD transgenic rat model is a good candidate to bridge the gap between mouse
models and clinical efficacy in humans.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to use multimodal gamma stimulation at light and auditory
modalities simultaneously to test whether this enhances memory performance as measured by
the object location task and the spontaneous alternation task

Methods:
In our study, we designed and built a low-cost, easy-to-construct multimodal light and
sound gamma stimulator. Our gamma stimulation device was built using an Arduino microcontroller,
which drives lights and a speaker at the gamma frequency. We have included in this paper
our device’s parts, hardware design, and software architecture for easy reproducibility. We then
performed an experiment to test the effect of multimodal gamma stimulation on the cognitive performance
of fourteen-month-old TgF344-AD rats. Rats were randomly assigned to either an experimental
group that received gamma stimulation or a control group that did not. Performance in a
Novel Object Location (NOL) task and spontaneous alternation task was evaluated in both groups
before and after the treatment.

Results:
Multimodal gamma stimulation did not improve memory compared to unstimulated
TgF344-AD rats. However, the gamma-stimulated rats did spend significantly more time exploring
objects in the novel location task than the unstimulated rats. In the spontaneous alternation
task, gamma-stimulated rats exhibited significantly greater exploratory activity than unstimulated
controls.

Conclusion:
Multimodal gamma stimulation did not enhance memory performance in the object
location task or the spontaneous alternation task. However, in both tasks, the treatment group had
improved measures of exploratory activity relative to the untreated group. We conclude that several
limitations could have contributed to this mixed effect, including aging complications, different
animal models, or light cycle effects.
Selective upper segment ureteral reimplantation for duplicated urinary tract using vesicoscopic access
Authors: Pirogov A. V. , Sizonov V. V. , Kogan M. I. 
Published: March 2024

Introduction. During the correction of ureterovesical junction (UVJ) obstruction of the upper segment of the duplicated upper urinary tract (DUUT), the healthy part of the DUUT may be involved around surgery area. Therefore, it risks damage to the complex or even complete loss of the renal unit.Objective. To evaluate preliminary results for the repair of upper segment obstruction of duplicated upper urinary tract without involvement of the unaffected segment of the renal unit using vesicoscopic access.Materials & methods. Since 2022, selective ureteral reimplantation of the upper segment of the DUUT according to Cohen using vesicoscopic access (VSA) has been performed in three children. A boy aged 23 months, a girl aged 18 months, and a boy aged four months had unilateral ureterohydronephrosis (SFU grade IV) of the upper segment of the DUUT with ectopy of the ureteral orifice into the urethra. All patients underwent laboratory tests, ultrasound, intravenous urography, retrograde micturition cystography, CT scans. Urinary tract infection, increasing hydronephrosis and dilation of the DUUT were the indications for surgery. Surgery efficacy was evaluated by ultrasound and urine analyses.Results. All surgeries were completed using VSA devoid for conversion. Surgery time was between 110- and 150-min. Blood loss was 10 ml. Postoperative complication was observed in one patient represented by dynamic intestinal obstruction with subsequent anaemia. The reason was inadequate function of the urethral catheter in the early postoperative period, which was unrelated to the core features of the technique. The postoperative stay ranged from 8 to 14 days. Absence of pyelonephritis, significant reduction in the grade of upper urinary tract dilation were observed according to the postoperative examination in all patients within 3 to 6 months after surgery. We did not detect pathological changes in the lower segment of the affected DUUT in any patient postoperatively.Conclusion. Selective ureteral reimplantation of the upper segment of the DUUT according to Cohen using VSA is a feasible and safe procedure that can effectively relieve obstruction of the upper half of the DUUT without surgical involvement of the unaffected part.
Surgical treatment of large-volume benign prostate hyperplasia: a comparative analysis of the outcomes of using standard and modified laparoscopic retropubic simple prostatectomy combined with temporary clamping of the internal iliac arteries and vesicourethral anastomosis
Authors: Volkov S. N. , Pushkar D. Yu. , Kolontarev K. B. , Stepanchenko V. S. , Tereshchenko V. I. , Dzharimok A.  R. , Shevyakina A. E. , Daurov M. A. 
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The optimal approaches to the surgical treatment of large-volume benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have not yet been determined, but laparoscopic retropubic simple prostatectomy (LSP) is one of the preferred methods of surgical treatment for large-volume BPH. There are limitations to standard approaches to LSP, which necessitate the development of improved techniques.Objective. To provide comparative analysis of the efficacy and safety of standard LSP and modified LSP combined with temporary clamping of the internal iliac arteries and vesicourethral anastomosis.Materials & methods. The present multicenter study included 300 patients (mean age 67.0 ± 5.2 years) who were randomly assigned to standard and modified LSP groups. The main efficacy criteria of the intervention during 6 months of observation were: the severity of symptoms of urinary disorders (IPSS score), quality of life, peak urine flow rate and residual urine volume. All complications developed during the postoperative follow-up were recorded.Results. Of the 300 patients, 149 underwent standard LSP, and 151 underwent a modified LSP. Significant differences were detected in the hospital stay (p = 0.032), the rate of decrease in hemoglobin (p = 0.020) and the irrigation time (p = 0.001). In addition, the use of the modified technique was associated with a lower incidence of short-term urinary incontinence (p = 0.031), urinary retention due to urethral catheter occlusion (p = 0.002), and incidence of bladder tamponade (p = 0.001). After 6 months of postoperative follow-up, the groups were comparable in most of outcomes, except for peak urine flow (23.9 ± 2.3 and 20.3 ± 1.9 ml/s in the modified and standard LSP groups, respectively, p = 0.001). After 6 months of postoperative follow-up, the modified LSP group had a lower incidence of bladder tamponade (p = 0.010), urge urinary incontinence (p = 0.002) and bladder neck contracture (p = 0.031).Conclusion. The effectiveness of the modified LSP as a method of surgical treatment of large-volume BPH is not inferior to those in the standard LSP group, and the safety profile suggests the feasibility of wider testing of the technique in practice.
AI-Led Mental Health Support (Wysa) for Health Care Workers During COVID-19: Service Evaluation
Authors: Chang Christel Lynne , Sinha Chaitali , Roy Madhavi , Wong John Chee Meng 
Published: March 2024

Background
The impact that the COVID-19 pandemic has had on health care workers’ mental health, in particular, cannot be ignored. Not only did the pandemic exacerbate mental health challenges through elevated stress, anxiety, risk of infection, and social isolation, but regulations to minimize infection additionally hindered the conduct of traditional in-person mental health care.

Objective
This study explores the feasibility of using Wysa, an artificial intelligence–led mental health app, among health care workers.

Methods
A national tertiary health care cluster in Singapore piloted the use of Wysa among its own health care workers to support the management of their mental well-being during the pandemic (July 2020-June 2022). The adoption of this digital mental health intervention circumvented the limitations of in-person contact and enabled large-scale access to evidence-based care. Rates and patterns of user engagement were evaluated.

Results
Overall, the opportunity to use Wysa was well-received. Out of the 527 staff who were onboarded in the app, 80.1% (422/527) completed a minimum of 2 sessions. On average, users completed 10.9 sessions over 3.80 weeks. The interventions most used were for sleep and anxiety, with a strong repeat-use rate. In this sample, 46.2% (73/158) of health care workers reported symptoms of anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment-7 [GAD-7]), and 15.2% (24/158) were likely to have symptoms of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-2 [PHQ-2]).

Conclusions
Based on the present findings, Wysa appears to strongly engage those with none to moderate symptoms of anxiety. This evaluation demonstrates the viability of implementing Wysa as a standard practice among this sample of health care workers, which may support the use of similar digital interventions across other communities.
Cardiometabolic characteristics of type 2 diabetes patients depending on obesity phenotypes
Authors: Prybyla O.V. , Zinych O.V. , Kushnareva N.M. , Kovalchuk A.V. , Shyshkan-Shyshova K.O. 
Published: March 2024

Background. The problem of studying the causes and mechanisms of metabolic disorders in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most important questions in modern medicine. It is due to the growing prevalence of dysmeta­bolic conditions and their serious consequences for the population health in the modern world. The initial hypothesis was that the differences in hormonal and metabolic conditions in patients with T2DM can be explained by the peculiarities of the anabolic-catabo­lic balance in different metabolic phenotypes. The aim of the work was to study the features of anthropometric and compositional parameters, indicators of carbohydrate, lipid and purine metabolism, anabolic-catabolic balance as predictors of cardiovascular diseases in patients with T2DM, depending on the phenotype. Materials and methods. One hundred and sixty-five patients with T2DM were included in the study, 71 women and 94 men aged from 32 to 82 years (59.0 ± 8.3 years). They had a level of glycated hemoglobin higher than 6.7 % (8.3 ± 1.8 %) against the background of taking oral hypoglycemic agents. Results. During the examination, it was found that the metabolism of patients without general obesity has a predominantly catabolic orientation, which, compared to those with general obesity, is manifested in a lower absolute accumulation of total and visceral fat, a reduced level of uricemia (due to a lower reabsorption of urate in the renal tubules, a lower activity of the anabolic pathway of reutilization), which is accompanied by a lower level of anabolic hormones, insulin and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), and a higher level of the catabolic stress hormone cortisol. General obesity in patients with body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2 is caused by the predominant influence of anabolic hormones (insulin, DHEA-S), which contribute to the de novo synthesis of fatty acids and purine bases, the reutilization of purines and the reabsorption of uric acid. This leads to the accumulation of fat in the subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue and an increase in the level of uricemia under the conditions of a lower content of the catabolic hormone cortisol. Conclusions. The application of a set of anthropometric, composition biochemical and hormonal indicators allows for a differential diagnosis of alimentary hypokinetic (anabolic) and stress (catabolic) phenotypes in patients with T2DM. An additional characteristic of the metabolic status in T2DM may be the assessment of uric acid production and excretion in patients with varying degrees of obesity. The listed signs indicate an anabolic type of metabolism in obesity.
New opportunities for correction of hormonal disorders and oxidative stress in women with genital endometriosis
Authors: Semenyna H.B. , Hrytsko M.I. , Doroshenko-Kravchyk M.V. , Korytko O.O. , Fartushok T.V. 
Published: March 2024

Background. Genital endometriosis is one of the most urgent problems of modern gynecology. Considering oxidative stress as a pathogenetic link of endometriosis, we believe it reasonable to use a combined drug containing superoxide dismutase, resveratrol, and zinc. The purpose of the work was to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment for genital endometriosis supplemented with the use of superoxide dismutase, resveratrol, and zinc, taking into account the leading pathophysiological links of the pathology. Materials and methods. Thirty-seven women of reproductive age with genital endometriosis were under observation. Treatment in the first group was carried out in accordance with the Guideline Development Group recommendations. Thirty-nine women of the second group additionally received a drug containing superoxide dismutase, resveratrol, and zinc. The control group included 30 healthy women. The state of lipid peroxidation processes was assessed by the level of diene conjugates and malondialdehyde in the blood serum and the antioxidant defense system by the content of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. To monitor the patients’ quality of life, pain syndrome was studied using the Visual Analogue Scale. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out by means of the standard StatSoft Statistica for Windows 13.0 program pac­kage. Results. The assessment of the pain syndrome in the second group showed that it completely disappeared in women with the first stage of the disease. Among patients with the second stage, pain disappeared in 8 cases, 3 patients had a decrease from severe to mild pain. At the third stage, pain disappeared completely in 5 women, in 4 cases, it decreased from severe to mild, and in one woman, the pain decreased from unbearable to mild. All patients of the second group noted a decrease in pain during intercourse, and in the first stage — its absence, an increase in work capacity (r = 0.64, p < 0.01), a decrease in irritability and anxiety in the perimenstrual period (r = –0.59, p < 0.05) and overall satisfaction with the treatment result. Side effects were not noted in any of the patients. Conclusions. Improving treatment for genital endometriosis by supplementing therapy with superoxide dismutase, resveratrol, and zinc is pathogenetically justified, as it has a significant positive effect on the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense system, compared to the traditional treatment regimen.