bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurodevelopmental outcomes of children with low‐grade gliomas
Authors: Ris M. Douglas , Beebe Dean W. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractAs a group, children with low‐grade gliomas (LGGs) enjoy a high rate of long‐term survival and do not require the intensity of neurotoxic treatments used with higher risk pediatric brain tumors. Because they are generally considered to have favorable neurobehavioral outcomes, they have not been studied as thoroughly as higher‐grade brain tumors by late‐effects researchers. In this article, we review the literature on the neurobehavioral effects associated with low‐grade gliomas and conclude that, (1) this is a large, understudied group of survivors of pediatric brain tumors; (2) recent small‐ and large‐scale studies document increased risk in multiple cognitive‐behavioral domains after treatment for LGGs compared with healthy peers; (3) such risk is not uniform but varies with tumor location and treatments; and (4) a life span development perspective is essential to a complete understanding of the risks faced by these children. More research on the most efficacious biopsychosocial treatment models for improving the outcomes of survivors of low‐grade glioma is recommended, informed by a better understanding of theireducational needs. Investigations of genetic influences on outcome as well as prospective studies of these patients as they age are also recommended. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Dev Disabil Res Rev 2008;14:196–202.
Evaluation of the Heterogeneously Catalyzed Strecker Reaction Conducted Under Continuous Flow
Authors: Wiles Charlotte , Watts Paul 
Published: October 2008

AbstractBuilding on our experience of micro‐reaction technology, we present herein the evaluation of an integrated borosilicate glass micro reactor in which 51 α‐aminonitriles were synthesized via a series of continuous solution‐phase and heterogeneously catalyzed reaction steps, affording analytically pure products in yields > 99.6 %. As an extension to this, the ability to selectivity synthesize aldehydic Strecker products in the presence of ketonic functionalities was also investigated, concluding with the chemoselective synthesis of 2‐(4‐acetylphenyl)‐2‐(phenethylamino)acetonitrile whereby the desired product was obtained in 99.8 % yield and quantitative purity. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Determination of cocaine and its metabolites using cation‐selective exhaustive injection and sweeping‐MEKC
Authors: Su Hsiu‐Li , Feng Lan‐Ing , Jen Hsiu‐Ping , Hsieh You‐Zung 
Published: October 2008

AbstractWe have employed a high‐sensitivity on‐line preconcentration method, cation‐selective exhaustive injection (CSEI) and sweeping MEKC, for the analysis of cocaine, benzoylecgonine, norcocaine, and cocaethylene. We monitored the effects of several of the CSEI‐sweeping‐MEKC parameters – including the pH, the concentrations of SDS and organic modifier, the injection length of the high‐conductivity buffer, and the injection time of the sample – to optimize the separation process. The optimal BGE was 100 mM phosphoric acid (pH 1.8) containing 75 mM SDS with 10% 2‐propanol and 10% tetrahydrofuran as the organic modifier. In addition, electrokinetic injection of the sample at 15 kV for 900 s provided both high separation efficiency and enhanced sweeping sensitivity. The sensitivity enhancements for cocaine, norcocaine, and cocaethylene ranged from 2.06×104 to 3.96×104; for benzoylecgonine it was 1.75×103; the coefficients of determination exceeded 0.9958. The LODs, based on an S/N ratio of 3:1, of sweeping‐MEKC ranged from 33.5 to 52.8 ng/mL; in contrast, when using CSEI‐sweeping‐MEKC the sensitivity increased to range from 29.7 to 236 pg/mL. Under the optimal conditions, we analyzed cocaine in a human urine sample prepared using off‐line SPE to minimize the influence of the matrix. The recovery of the SPE efficiency was satisfactory (ca. 74.9–87.6%). Our experimental results suggest that, under the optimal conditions, the CSEI‐sweeping‐MEKC method can be used to determine cocaine and its metabolites with high sensitivity in human urine.
Der wissenschaftliche Nachlass Werner Rothmalers im Herbarium Haussknecht Jena (JE)
Authors: Manitz H. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIm Herbarium Haussknecht Jena (JE) befindet sich der wissenschaftliche Nachlass von Werner Rothmaler (1908–1962). Erwerbungsgeschichte und Bestand werden dargestellt. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
New species and new records of cercosporoid Hyphomycetes from Venezuela
Authors: Braun U. , Urtiaga R. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe new species Pseudocercospora besleriae, P. clibadiicola, P. licaniae, P. miconiigena, P. pehriae, P. rothmaleri, P. swieteniae, P. triplaridis, Stenella guazumae, S. schubertiana and the new varieties Pseudocercospora consociata var. dimorpha and P. mombin var. venezuelensis are described and illustrated. Furthermore, some new host species and new records of cercosporoid Hyphomycetes for Venezuela are listed and discussed. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Die Erfassung vieler Grund‐ und Stauwasserhöhen am Beispiel des Forstbotanischen Gartens Eberswalde
Authors: Endtmann K. J. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractDer Forstbotanische Garten Eberswalde besitzt überaus viele Moortypen, im Solitärarboretum (8 ha), Kleinbestandsarboretum (50 ha) und in der nahen Umgebung. Es wurde ein sehr enges Netz von Grundwassermessrohren zur Beobachtung der Höhe von Grund‐ bzw. Stauwasser aufgebaut. Ausgewählte Kurven belegen viele Unterschiede in den Spiegelhöhen. Die Methode zeigt Möglichkeiten, zukünftige, durch den Klimawandel bedingte Veränderungen an Mooren abzuschätzen. Dazu ist die Fortsetzung der Messungen an diesen sowie weiteren, noch anzulegenden Messstellen unbedingt notwendig. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The Centenary of the International Review of Hydrobiology From Documentation of Single Plankton and Benthos Phenomena to Community Metabolism and Use of Molecular Probes
Authors: Uhlmann Dietrich , Walz Norbert 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe “Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie” was founded in 1908 by Richard Woltereck. That journal was one of the two oldest hydrobiological periodicals in the world. The aim of the journal was to serve as a synthesis of disciplinary studies. The journal had an eventful history which can be divided into 3 periods from 1908‐1944, 1959–1989, and 1989–2008. In 1998 the title was modified slightly to “International Review of Hydrobiology”. Throughout its history, this hydrobiological journal dealt with aquatic organisms and covered many aspects of Limnology and Marine Biology where they were relevant to an ecological understanding.Die Wissenschaft von heute ist der Irrtum von morgen “The science of today is the error of tomorrow”
Jakob von Üxküll 1864–1944 (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Nutritional Limitation Travels up the Food Chain
Authors: Boersma Maarten , Aberle Nicole , Hantzsche Florian M. , Schoo Katherina L. , Wiltshire Karen H. , Malzahn Arne M. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIt is a well accepted fact that nutrient limitation of plants affects the growth and survival of herbivores, generally leading to lower performance of herbivores feeding on nutrient stressed plants. The effect of plants' growing conditions on predatory organisms, feeding one trophic level up, has been much less studied, and there is a general consensus that such effects would be small as herbivores often show relatively strong homeostasis with respect to their nutrient content. Here, we challenge this view, and show from several examples that despite the fact that herbivores buffer much of the variance in nutrient stoichiometry of their food, effects of growing conditions of the primary producers can travel up the food chain. We discuss the implications of these findings, and argue that phosphorus limitation of secondary consumers might be more common in marine than in freshwater systems.Ohne Phosphor kein Gedanke Jacob Moleschott, 1822–1893 (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Synthesis of Novel Thermo‐ and pH‐Responsive Poly(L‐lysine)‐Based Copolymer and its Micellization in Water
Authors: Zhao Changwen , Zhuang Xiuli , He Chaoliang , Chen Xuesi , Jing Xiabin 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA series of novel temperature and pH responsive block copolymers composed of poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and poly(L‐lysine) (PLL) were synthesized. The effect of pH and the length of PLL on the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNIPAM, and the self‐assembly of these PLL‐based copolymers induced by temperature and pH changes were investigated by the cloud point method, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). These PNIPAM‐b‐PLL copolymers can self‐assemble into micelle‐like aggregates with PNIPAM as the hydrophobic block at acidic pH and high temperatures; and at alkaline pH and low temperatures, they can self‐assemble into particles with PLL as the hydrophobic block. The copolymers may have potential applications in biotechnological and biomedical areas as drug release carriers.magnified image
NMR elucidation of a novel (S)‐pentacyclo‐undecane bis‐(4‐phenyloxazoline) ligand and related derivatives
Authors: Boyle Grant A. , Govender Thavendran , Kruger Hendrik G. , Maguire Glenn E. M. , Naicker Tricia 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe NMR elucidation of a novel ligand (S)‐pentacyclo‐undecane bis‐(4‐phenyloxazoline) and related pentacyclo‐undecane (PCU) derivatives is reported. Two‐dimensional NMR proved to be a powerful technique in overcoming the difficulties associated with the elucidation of these compounds when only one‐dimensional NMR data is utilized. A chiral substituent was introduced to both ‘arms’ of the PCU skeleton to produce derivatives 1–3. These derivatives display C1 symmetry with all thecage atoms being nonequivalent. Owing to overlapping of peaks in the 1H spectra, identification of these diastereomeric protons was very difficult. The 13C spectra gave rise to clear splitting of the nonequivalent carbons. This is unusual compared to similar PCU derivatives with chiral substituents as splitting of all the diastereomeric cage carbons has not yet been reported. Nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy (NOESY) correlations of derivatives 1–3 confirm the different conformations of the molecule in which the side ‘arms’ occupy different orientations with respect to cage moiety. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improvement of bacterial two‐hybrid vectors for detection of fusion proteins and transfer to pBAD‐tandem affinity purification, calmodulin binding peptide, or 6‐histidine tag vectors
Authors: Battesti Aurélia , Bouveret Emmanuelle 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe original vectors of the bacterial two‐hybrid technique developed by Karimova et al. in 1998 did not enable detection of the recombinant proteins. Here, we propose two methods resolving this problem, either using new plasmids containing the Flag epitope, or using a trick to detect the T18 domain of adenylate cyclase. Furthermore, we describe a set of vectors for TAP, CBP or 6‐histidine tagging that possess the same cloning site as our two‐hybrid vectors.
Alternating current‐assisted on‐plate proteolysis for MALDI‐TOF MS peptide mapping
Authors: Wang Sheng , Wei Bangguo , Yang Pengyuan , Chen Gang 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIn this report, alternating current‐assisted on‐plate proteolysis has been developed for rapid peptide mapping. Protein solutions containing trypsin were allowed to digest directly on the spots of a stainless steel MALDI plate with the assistance of low‐voltage alternating current electricity. Alternating current (AC) was allowed to pass through the protein solutions via the MALDI plate and a platinum disc electrode. The feasibility and performance of the novel proteolysis approach were investigated by the digestion of BSA and cytochrome c (Cyt‐c). It was demonstrated that AC substantially enhanced the efficiency of proteolysis and the digestion time was significantly reduced to 5 min. The digests were identified by MALDI‐TOF MS with sequence coverages of 42% (BSA) and 77% (Cyt‐c) that were comparable to those obtained by using conventional in‐solution tryptic digestion. The present proteolysis strategy is simple and efficient, offering great promise for MALDI‐TOF MS peptide mapping.
Silver‐Loaded Cotton/Polyester Fabric Modified by Dielectric Barrier Discharge Treatment
Authors: Kostić Mirjana , Radić Nina , Obradović Bratislav M. , Dimitrijević Suzana , Kuraica Milorad M. , Škundrić Petar 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe preparation of antimicrobial silver‐loaded cotton/polyester fabrics has been carried out by DBD surface activation followed by silver sorption from aqueous silver nitrate solution. A series of DBD fabric treatments was performed in order to determine the most suitable experimental conditions for the fabric surface activation. The capillarity, silver ion uptake, and copper number were used to assess the surface changes on the fabrics. An effective process has been developed to obtain antimicrobial silver‐loaded Co/PES fabrics. The antimicrobial activity of the silver‐loaded fabrics against different pathogens was evaluated in vitro. The quantity of bonded silver ions is enough to develop desirable antimicrobial activity in the Co/PES fabrics.magnified image
The observation of strong dynamic electron‐phonon couplings due to a breather state in trans ‐polyacetylene
Authors: Teramoto Takahiro , Wang Zhuan , Kobryanskii Valerii M. , Taneichi Takashi , Kobayashi Takayoshi 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe dynamics preceding the separation process of a charged soliton pair after photoexcitation in trans ‐polyacetylene was successfully time‐resolved using ultrafast spectroscopy with a few‐optical‐cycle laser. It was directly verified that after photoexcitation, the electron‐hole pair relaxes with a breather mode as theory predicts with an electron‐hole pair lifetime of 33–50 fs, which is in agreement with the electronic dephasing time. By applying the spectrogram analysis to the time trace of the absorbance change, the ultrafast amplitude and frequency modulations of C–C and C=C stretching modes lasting only shorter than 100 fs induced by breather modes can be observed simultaneously for the first time. The frequency shift of C–C and C=C stretching modes caused by the breather mode are observed in good agreement with the SSH Hamiltonian. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mindfulness and stress reactivity: a preliminary investigation
Authors: Skinner Timothy C. , Anstey Carla , Baird Sharon , Foreman Meg , Kelly Ashley , Magee Chris 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA number of measures of mindfulness have been developed to assess one or more facets of mindfulness. However, to date, all of these have been validated by comparing the mindfulness questionnaire with other self‐report measures of theoretically related constructs. Given the problems of demand characteristics and shared method variance, other approaches to validation are warranted. Therefore, we sought to determine whether individuals who describe themselves as more mindful evidence lower levels of stress reactivity. Thirty‐six university students completed the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills and the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test. Results indicated that those individuals who described themselves as more mindful show smaller cardiovascular increases in response to the stress task (heart rate r = −0.38, diastolic blood pressure r = −0.43). This study supports the validity of the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills, indicating that people who score more highly on this measure of mindfulness show less marked cardiovascular reactivity to a low‐grade mental stress task. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing Methods for Blood Cell Cytotoxic Responses to Inorganic Nanoparticles and Nanoparticle Aggregates
Authors: Díaz Belén , Sánchez‐Espinel Christian , Arruebo Manuel , Faro José , de Miguel Encarnación , Magadán Susana , Yagüe Clara , Fernández‐Pacheco Rodrigo , Ibarra M. Ricardo , Santamaría Jesús , González‐Fernández África 
Published: October 2008

AbstractInorganic nanoparticles (NPs) show great potential for medicinal therapy. However, biocompatibility studies are essential to determine if they are safe. Here, five different NPs are compared for their cytotoxicity, internalization, aggregation in medium, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, using tumoral and normal human blood cells. Differences depending on the cell type are analyzed, and no direct correlation between ROS production and cell toxicity is found. Results are discussed with the aim of standardizing the procedures for the evaluation of the toxicity.
An energy‐efficient self‐organizing global extremity reporting scheme for sensor networks
Authors: Sakhaee Ehssan , Wakamiya Naoki , Murata Masayuki 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIn this paper we propose an energy‐efficient self‐organizing global extremity reporting scheme for wireless sensor networks. The proposed scheme assists applications of periodic reporting of extreme values (such as maximum or minimum temperature/pressure) across a wireless sensor field, back to the sink. Furthermore, an event‐driven counterpart is supplied for individual sensor nodes to supply their instantaneous sensed values back to the sink, once queried. The targeted sensors initially establish their relative distances to the sink in regards to number of hops, whilst the highest hopcount nodes (HHNs) from the sink identify themselves. The broadcast initiation of the HHNs have the ability to penetrate all nodes within the network towards the sink, and hence obtain the extreme value of the entire network in an efficient manner. This is due to the relative position of these special nodes within the network. Furthermore, the scheme does not require nodes to possess location information of themselves or other nodes, avoiding the need for the global positioning system (GPS) or other location‐aware methods. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed protocol in its target application. In particular, the advantage of HHN‐initiated broadcasting can be seen in both uniformly and randomly distributed topology networks. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resection of pyriform aperture: a useful adjunct in nasal surgery
Authors: Smith W , Lowe D , Leong P 
Published: October 2008

AbstractObjective:The aim of this paper is to describe a novel technique of improving the nasal airflow in patients in whom, despite reduction surgery to the inferior turbinates (either alone or with septal surgery), the nasal airways remain compromised because of obstruction occurring anterior to the inferior turbinate, due to a prominent nasal process of the maxilla at the pyriform aperture.Method:We describe a novel approach to resection of the nasal process of the maxilla, a technique performed in 40 patients with either: residual obstructive symptoms following septal surgery with or without turbinate surgery; and significant inspiratory alar collapse. The same technique was also used in two patients to improve the intranasal approach to the medial and anterior maxilla during endoscopic medial maxillectomy for recurrent inverted papilloma.Results:Patients reported a subjective improvement in their nasal airways, with resolution of inspiratory alar collapse. This technique significantly improved intranasal access in the two patients with inverted papilloma.Conclusion:This technique confers significant subjective improvement of nasal airways patency in selected patients, and improves endoscopic surgical access to clear inverted papilloma.
Blocking: new examples and properties of products
Authors: HERREROS PILAR 
Published: October 2008

AbstractWe say that a pair of points x and y is secure if there exists a finite set of blocking points such that any geodesic between x and y passes through one of the blocking points. The main point of this paper is to exhibit new examples of blocking phenomena in both the manifold and the billiard table settings. In approaching this, we study whether a product of secure configurations (or manifolds) is also secure. We introduce the concept of midpoint security which requires that the geodesic reaches a blocking point exactly at its midpoint. We prove that products of midpoint secure configurations are midpoint secure. On the other hand, we construct a compact C1 surface which contains secure configurations that are not midpoint secure. This surface provides the first example of an insecure product of secure configurations, and generates billiard tables with similar blocking behavior.
The Bilimek Pulque Vessel
Authors: Taube Karl A. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe Bilimek Vessel is among the most remarkable pieces of portable Aztec sculpture, and it contains an unusually complex body of imagery concerning starlore and cosmic battle. The Bilimek Vessel and other Aztec sources reveal that the alcoholic beverage pulque was well integrated into Aztec concepts of warfare and mythology. To the Aztec, pulque was identified with the souls of dead warriors and the starry night sky. The many figures appearing on the Bilimek Vessel represent star beings attacking the sun. At least three and probably four of the depicted deities are identical to the sky bearers appearing in the year-bearer pages of theCodex Borgia(see Seler 1963) andCodex Vaticanus B(see Seler 1902–1903). It is noted that much of the iconography and calendrics appearing on the Bilimek Vessel concerns the completion of the 52-year cycle and the New Fire ceremony, an event that symbolized the cosmic battle between the sun and the fearsometzitzimimestar demons of darkness.
Ceramic Chronology and Chronometric Dating
Authors: Love Michael W. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractStratigraphic and seriational analysis of the ceramics from La Blanca, Guatemala, resulted in the definition of a highly refined sequence. Within the 300 years of the Conchas phase (c. 900–600 b.c.) it is possible to define, minimally, a four-part subdivision. The four-part subdivision is based on a Stratigraphic analysis of the presence or absence of seven ceramic wares. However, experiments with seriational methods suggest that greater resolution may be obtained through the quantitative analysis of attribute frequencies. The chronological resolution obtained by these relative dating methods is at least equal to the resolution possible with chronometric methods.
The Ballcourt Markers of Tenam Rosario, Chiapas, Mexico
Authors: Fox John Gerard 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThis study is an iconographic analysis of ballcourt markers from the Late/Terminal Classic Maya site of Tenam Rosario, Chiapas, Mexico. The squatting posture of the two figures depicted on these markers, while rare in Lowland Maya art, is compared to Late Postclassic images of the earth deities Tlaltecuhtli and Tlaloc from Central Mexico. Contemporaneous examples of this posture are presented from the Gulf Coast site of El Tajin where squatting figures are associated with the rain god specifically and with the themes of ballgame sacrifice and regeneration in general. Tlaloc imagery in Classic Maya art is related to blood sacrifice as a complex, which includes both ritual warfare and autosacrifice. These forms of sacrifice are discussed as engendered categories in both Classic Maya and Aztec society. The Tenam Rosario markers are found to express themes that are consistent with ballgame symbolism throughout Mesoamerica, while conflating male and female aspects of blood sacrifice as regenerative ritual.