bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The 730 nm picosecond titanium sapphire laser for treatment of café‐au‐lait macules in all skin types
Authors: Fernandez Joan K. , Guo Emily L. , Richmond Heather , Friedman Paul M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesCafé‐au‐lait macules (CALM) are benign birthmarks presenting as uniformly pigmented, well demarcated, brown patches that can be distressing to patients, especially when located in cosmetically sensitive areas. As with all pigmentary lesions in skin of color patients, CALMs have been particularly challenging to treat. Here we present the first case series characterizing treatment parameters and clinical outcomes utilizing the 730‐nm picosecond titanium sapphire laser for the treatment of CALMs. This device provides an additional safe and effective treatment option for these challenging cases.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of patients treated at a single institution between April 2021 and December 2023. Clinical photographs were graded by 3 outside board‐certified dermatologists using a 5‐point visual analog scale.ResultsFourteen patients (age range: 10 months–66 years, mean age: 27.4 years, Fitzpatrick skin types II–VI) were treated for CALM on the face (11) or body (3). On average, patients received 4.3 treatments, with treatment intervals ranging from 4 to 40 weeks. Treatment remains ongoing with the 730‐nm picosecond laser for eight patients. Overall, patients were rated to have a mean improvement of 26%–50%. Two patients (FST III and VI) achieved 100% clearance after 4‐5 treatment sessions. Our study included four patients whose CALM were of the smooth bordered “coast of California” subtype, three of whom had a mean improvement rating of only 1%–25%. The fourth patient had near complete resolution. Follow up for these patients has ranged from 6 weeks to 1.5 years. Of the patients treated, one patient experienced transient post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation and another transient post‐inflammatory hypopigmentation, while a third patient experienced mild persistent guttate hypopigmentation. Three patients experienced partial recurrence indicating that maintenance treatments may be needed in some patients.ConclusionThe 730‐nm picosecond titanium sapphire laser is a safe and efficacious treatment option, in the right morphologic setting, to improve the cosmetic appearance of CALMs in a wide range of ages and skin types. To our knowledge, this is the first reported treatment of CALMs with picosecond lasers in FST V and VI patients. Our study also supports prior studies which have found that CALM with smooth‐bordered “coast of California” morphology have a poor response to laser therapy as compared to those with jagged or ill‐defined bordered “coast of Maine” morphology.
A dual‐band dual‐polarized omnidirectional patch antenna for on‐body application
Authors: Gao Guo‐Ping , Wang Dan , Ma Ge , Wang Shi‐Chen , Dou Zhi‐Heng , Hu Bin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAiming at the 3.5 GHz world interoperability for microwave access band and 5.8 GHz industrial scientific medical band, a dual‐band antenna operating in omnidirectional mode is proposed. The antenna uses a single‐layer dielectric substrate made of FR‐4, which is cheap and easy to process. It uses circular patches and metal branches to generate orthogonal electric fields to achieve circular polarization. At the same time, the upper patch is symmetrically slotted in a T shape, so that the patch produces two resonance frequencies. The measured impedance bandwidth of the antenna in circular polarization on‐body mode and linear polarization on‐body mode is 110 MHz (3.41–3.52 GHz) and 460 MHz (5.42–5.88 GHz), respectively. In addition, the antenna shows good performance under bending conditions and close to human tissue. At the same time, the low specific absorption rate value proves that the antenna is safe to wear on the human body.
Unearthing green potential: Assessing the state of managed urban landscape curricula in Minnesota's higher education institutions
Authors: Barnes Michael R. , Campagna Ileana A. , Haddad Becky , Watkins Eric 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs urbanization increases, managed urban landscapes are frequently the mode through which people experience nature and where careers in natural resources are increasing. There is a lack of knowledge related to curricula and programs where students are exposed to managed urban landscapes and careers related to them. We aimed to evaluate the current status of managed urban landscape curricula (MULC) in undergraduate programs in Minnesota through a systematic investigation of programs and courses at higher education institutions. All undergraduate courses offered by included higher education institutions were reviewed to determine the presence, absence, or possibility of MULC based on the course's publicly available descriptions and were combined with departmental and institutional characteristics to identify patterns of MULC across the state. Only about 1% of over 50,000 courses reviewed contain MULC. Courses with MULC were concentrated in public doctoral‐level institutions and in departments such as biology and environmental studies, however MULC courses were found at 94% of included institutions and across 60 different departments. While the number of courses with MULC was minimal, courses with the possibility of including MULC show there are ample opportunities for MULC to be added to existing courses, especially core requirements such as introductory biology or a survey of environmental science in the state of Minnesota and more broadly.
Involvement of ferroptosis‐defensive xCT/GPX4 axis in radioresistance and its impacts on prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ishikawa Kohei , Matsuoka Yuichiro , Shinohara Kosuke , Inoue Junki , Yano Hiromu , Eto Takafumi , Yamamoto Tatsuro , Yamana Keisuke , Gohara Shunsuke , Takeshita Hisashi , Hirayama Masatoshi , Kawahara Kenta , Hirosue Akiyuki , Fukugawa Yoshiyuki , Yoshida Ryoji , Komohara Yoshihiro , Nakayama Hideki 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimRadiotherapy, the mainstay treatment for patients with advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), has low clinical efficacy, resulting in poor prognosis. Radiation induces ferroptosis, a form of cell death driven by iron‐dependent lipid peroxidation. Since the xCT/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) axis is predominantly involved in the ferroptosis defense system, targeting this axis may potentiate cancer cell vulnerability to ferroptosis.MethodsWe examined the expression of xCT and GPX4 in the tumor cells of biopsy specimens using immunohistochemistry and evaluated the radiation‐mediated antitumor effects of the ferroptosis inducers, erastin and RSL3, that act by inhibiting xCT and GPX4, respectively.ResultsUnivariate analysis revealed that high immunohistochemical expression of xCT was correlated with shorter survival, and high GPX4 expression was an independent poor prognostic factor, indicating that the xCT/GPX4 axis influences the clinical outcome of OSCC. Analyses using two types of OSCC cell lines revealed that the clonogenic survival of irradiated cells was increased by the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin‐1 and decreased by erastin and RSL3. The enhanced antitumor effects of erastin and RSL3 were accompanied by increased lipid peroxidation, which was suppressed by the iron chelator deferoxamine. Erastin and RSL3 enhance the effects of radiation on OSCC cells in a mouse xenograft model; these effects were associated with increased expression of the lipid peroxidation marker 4‐hydroxynonenal in tumor cells.ConclusionsxCT/GPX4 axis is involved in the tumor resistance against radiation through the inhibition of ferroptosis in OSCC. Furthermore, radiotherapy combined with ferroptosis induction by targeting the xCT/GPX4 axis may improve patient prognosis in advanced OSCC.
Long lasting marine antifouling polyurethane coating chemically bonded with poly(hexamethylene guanidine)
Authors: Zhao Yufeng , Wei Dafu , Xu Xiang , Guan Yong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn order to protect the marine environment, traditional marine antifouling coatings such as tributyltin (TBT)‐based antifouling coatings have been phased out. There is an urgent need to develop environmentally friendly marine antifouling coatings. In this work, the antibacterial poly(hexamethylene guanidine) (PHMG) was introduced into polyurethane (PU) through chemical bond to prepare a green environmentally friendly marine antifouling coating (PU‐PHMG). The morphology, antimicrobial properties, mechanical properties and thermostability of the PU‐PHMG films were investigated. The antimicrobial rates of PU‐PHMG films against E. coli and S. aureus were both more than 99.9% when PHMG content in the films reached 1.0 wt%. The excellent antimicrobial activities can be maintained for more than 90 days due to the non‐leaching characteristic of PHMG. The growth of algae was also inhibited on the surface of PU‐PHMG films. The PU‐PHMG coating is promising for the applications in marine antifouling field.
Progress in the design principle of biomedical tissue adhesive hydrogel with naturally derived substance
Authors: Zou Ying , Yan Feng , Tong Rikuan , Mo Miaohua , Li Ziyi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn recent years, natural substance‐based tissue adhesive hydrogels have been widely studied by researchers because of their practicability and affordability. In this review, we summarized the design principles and mechanisms for constructing natural substance‐based tissue adhesive hydrogels from the perspective of polyphenols (catechol, dopamine, tannic acid), cationic polymers (chitosan, lysine, cationic antibacterial peptides), polysaccharides and other natural substances. In addition, according to the morphology and size of tissue adhesive hydrogels, it was divided into macroscopic hydrogels and microscopic hydrogels. Therefore, the natural substance‐based adhesive macroscopic hydrogels such as injectable hydrogels and hydrogel patches and natural substance‐based adhesive microscopic hydrogels including hydrogel microspheres were reviewed. Furthermore, we summarized the review and provided outlook based on the present tissue adhesive hydrogels. The review aimed to summarize the progress in natural substance‐based tissue adhesive hydrogels and provide a valuable reference for the development of tissue adhesive hydrogels and its applications in biomedical field.
Preanalytical stability of molecular forms of prostate‐specific antigen in serum samples (PSA, free PSA, [−2]proPSA) and their impact on fPSA/tPSA ratio and PHI
Authors: Šimánek Václav , Vrzáková Radana , Viták Roman , Jirásko Michal , Fürst Tomáš , Topolčan Ondřej , Pecen Ladislav , Vurm Vladimír , Kučera Radek 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundProstate cancer is a common cancer in men. Detection methods include the measurement of biomarkers: prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), free PSA, [−2]proPSA, and the calculated indices: fPSA/tPSA ratio and Prostate Health Index (PHI). Proper preanalytical conditions are crucial for precise measurement and failure to adhere to protocols or regulations can influence the diagnostic algorithm. We assessed the stability of the above‐mentioned biomarkers, fPSA/tPSA ratio and PHI, under various pre‐analytical conditions.MethodsSerum samples from 45 males were collected and stored under specific conditions before tPSA, fPSA, and [−2]proPSA were measured. Subsequently, the fPSA/tPSA and PHI were calculated.ResultstPSA, fPSA, and [−2]proPSA remained stable during the two freeze‐thaw cycles. Storage at 4°C and 22°C resulted in stable tPSA concentrations. However, fPSA levels decreased and [−2]proPSA levels increased over time. The fPSA/tPSA ratio remained stable for 72 h, at which point a decrease was observed in the samples kept at 4°C and 22°C. A gradual increase in PHI was observed in the samples kept at 4°C and 22°C.ConclusionsAll biomarkers remained stable during two freeze‐thaw cycles. tPSA was the most stable analyte when stored at 4°C, as well as at RT. A gradual increase of [−2]proPSA and a slight decrease in fPSA were observed during the storage test. This led to a decrease in the fPSA/tPSA ratio and an elevation in the PHI. We therefore recommend measuring prostate biomarkers promptly following blood collection.ImpactUnderstanding the pre‐analytical stability of prostate biomarkers helps prevent false positive results and improve the accuracy of diagnostics for prostate cancer.
Carnosol alleviates sepsis‐induced pulmonary endothelial barrier dysfunction by targeting nuclear factor erythroid2‐related factor 2/sirtuin‐3 signaling pathway to attenuate oxidative damage
Authors: Li Xingbing , Wang Shuo , Luo Minghao , Wang Ming , Wu Shaoping , Liu Chang , Wang Fengxian , Li Yong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExcessive reactive oxygen species production during acute lung injury (ALI) will aggravate the inflammatory process and endothelial barrier dysfunction. Carnosol is a natural phenolic diterpene with antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties, but its role in treating sepsis‐induced ALI remains unclear. This study aims to explore the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of carnosol in sepsis‐induced ALI. C57BL/6 mouse were preconditioned with carnosol for 1 h, then the model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced sepsis was established. The degree of pulmonary edema, oxidative stress, and inflammation were detected. Endothelial barrier function was evaluated by apoptosis and cell junctions. In vitro, Mito Tracker Green probe, JC‐1 staining, and MitoSOX staining were conducted to investigate the effect of carnosol on mitochondria. Finally, we investigated the role of nuclear factor‐erythroid 2‐related factor (Nrf2)/sirtuin‐3 (SIRT3) in carnosol against ALI. Carnosol alleviated LPS‐induced pulmonary oxidative stress and inflammation by inhibiting excess mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Furthermore, carnosol also attenuated LPS‐induced endothelial cell barrier damage by reducing vascular endothelial cell apoptosis and restoring occludin, ZO‐1, and vascular endothelial‐Cadherin expression in vitro and in vivo. In addition, carnosol increased Nrf2 nuclear translocation to promote SIRT3 expression. The protective effects of carnosol on ALI were largely abolished by inhibition of Nrf2/SIRT3. Our study has provided the first evidence that the Nrf2/SIRT3 pathway is a protective target of the endothelial barrier in ALI, and carnosol can serve as a potential therapeutic candidate for ALI by utilizing its ability to target this pathway.
The Haidou‐1 hybrid underwater vehicle for the Mariana Trench science exploration to 10,908 m depth
Authors: Wang Jian , Tang Yuangui , Li Shuo , Lu Yang , Li Jixu , Liu Tiejun , Jiang Zhibin , Chen Cong , Cheng Yu , Yu Deyong , Yan Xingya , Yan Shuxue 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAn unmanned Autonomous and Remotely Operated Vehicle (ARV), Haidou‐1, visited the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench, and performed observation, sampling and bathymetric mapping explorations at the trench bottom. The Haidou‐1 vehicle reached a depth of 10,908 m in the west pool of the Challenger Deep and probed a depth of 10,909 m in the east pool. The 2600 kg underwater robotic vehicle could conduct survey missions with full autonomy and can also be remotely operated through a light fiber tether. Haidou‐1 carries an electric manipulator to implement lightweight intervention tasks. The fiber‐optical tether enables long‐distance real‐time high‐bandwidth communication at full‐ocean depth, thereby providing situational awareness and remote intervention. The hybrid concept we defined for the Haidou‐1 vehicle refers to three typical working modes: Autonomous Underwater Vehicle mode, Remotely Operated Vehicle mode, and ARV mode. There is no need to change any structural configuration at sea to meet the needs of multidisciplinary oceanographic investigation. This paper reports the overview design of Haidou‐1. Practical field trials at the Challenger Deep were conducted to validate the feasibility and performance of the developed system. In the aggregate, eight dives exceeded 10,000 m counting all three operation modes. Some of the initial results are presented including the high‐resolution bathymetric map created by Haidou‐1 onboard sonar, and no similar results have been found yet.
A novel Joint Probability Density Difference Approach for assessing the alteration of hydrologic regime
Authors: Zhong Sirui , Guo Shenglian , Wang Yun , Wang Heyu , Xie Yuzuo , Xu Chong‐Yu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe construction and operation of upstream reservoirs have significantly altered downstream hydrologic regime. Appropriate and quantifiable assessment method for the alteration of hydrologic regime is considerably vital and emergent for ecological protection and restoration. The Range of Variability Approach (RVA) and modified RVA methods have been widely used in practice to assess the hydrological alteration. However, these methods have failed to concurrently describe the distribution of indicator and morphological features in detail, which might inevitably lead to the misjudgment of alteration. This paper proposes a Joint Probability Density Difference Approach (JPDDA) method to address the major drawbacks of these previous methods with the introduction of Gaussian Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) and copula function. The annual average flow is selected as the reference variable to construct a proper joint probability density function between itself and other hydrological alteration indicators. The JPDDA method could describe the marginal distribution in detail through Gaussian KDE and also link the morphological features with copula function. Along with pervious methods, the hydrological alterations at Yichang hydrological station, Yangtze River are estimated based on the measured flow from 1949 to 2022. It is shown that the hydrologic regime has suffered from a moderate or even heavy alteration under the influence of massive upstream cascade reservoirs, and the JPDDA outperforms the other methods in terms of rationality and stability for practical assessments. Thus, the proposed JPDDA method is strongly advised to handle the hydrological alteration and could provide a reasonable reference for ecological operation.
Historical and contemporary drivers of knickpoint retreat and morphological evolution along Bayou Pierre, Mississippi
Authors: Stearman Loren W. , Heitmuller Franklin T. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChannel incision in rivers can cause marked ecological and economic damages. This phenomenon is abundant and generally well documented along impacted streams in the loess hills adjacent to the Lower Mississippi River valley. Bayou Pierre, an ecologically important small tributary of the Mississippi River, is currently incising but causes are not well understood. In this study, we examine diverse data sources to: (1) reconstruct a history of erosional stimuli and possible origins and (2) examine effects of contemporary controls. Review of long‐term planform and land use data for the Mississippi River revealed episodic foreshortening events followed by episodic deforestation and reforestation. Hydrologic data suggest an increase in rainfall over the last few decades. Estimates of knickpoint retreat place origins prior to Mississippi River channel straightening (1929–1944). Planform analysis in three focal reaches of Bayou Pierre demonstrates slow change prior to 1982, but accelerated changes after those periods. Mean rainfall and 3‐day storm intensity correlate to some planform changes; however, the storm of 1983 may be a better explanation of sudden planform change. We found some evidence of potential internal feedback loops in patterns of bar growth. Together, our analyses provide a synthesis of stimuli experienced by Bayou Pierre over the last ~200 years and suggest both channel migration events before straightening of the Mississippi River and more recent hydrologic events have influenced patterns of geomorphic change in Bayou Pierre.
A path to sustainable development of agri‐industries: Analysis of agriculture 5.0 versus industry 5.0 using stakeholder theory with moderation of environmental policy
Authors: Zhang Yuchi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAgricultural 5.0 (a5.0) and Industry 5.0 (i5.0) both frameworks play a crucial role in achieving sustainable development (SD) by promoting efficiency and sustainability from the corporate and agricultural perspective. Industry 5.0 enhances industrial processes through automation and data‐driven decision‐making by reducing resource consumption and emissions control practices. However, agricultural 5.0 employs certain technologies to optimize farming practices, minimize waste, and improve food production by contributing to SD. The study attempts to explore the relationship between i5.0 and SD using three major streams (i.e., economic perspective, environmental perspective, and social perspective) based on instrumental‐stakeholder theory standpoints. Second, the study investigates the connections between a5.0 and SD. Finally, a moderating influence of environmental policy (ENP) was examined between the connections of a5.0, i5.0, and SD. Data were carefully collected and organized by implementing a structural approach using SmartPls tool based on seven hundred and forty‐nine responses (N = 749). The results confirmed a positive impact of a5.0 on SD along with each dimension. Likewise, a positive nexus between i5.0 model and SD was observed. Finally, the study confirmed a positive moderation of ENP, respectively. This study provided insights into both models showing that these models promote sustainability, vital for a greener and support bringing SD, that is, social, economic, and environmental. ENP acts as a crucial moderator among i5.0, a5.0, and SD that ensures alignment with SDGs.
Succinct and Expeditious Synthesis of Cu2O Nanoparticles by Using Liquid Jaggery: Anticancer and Wound Healing Activity Analyses
Authors: Nayak Manojna R. , Kamble Ravindra R. , Kodasi Barnabas , Metre Tukaram V , Nadoni Vishwa B. , Shettar Arun K , Hoskeri Joy H , Keri Rangappa S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNanotechnology has expanded substantially over the last several decades as an aftermath of its ubiquitous prevalence in scientific research and technology. The current study demonstrates the ecologically benign production of novel nanoparticles comprised of copper oxide (Cu2O NPs). Liquid jaggery played an eloquent role in the present endeavour perpetrating both as a reducing and capping agent. Energy‐Dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), UV‐Visible Spectroscopy, Field emission‐scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies, Particle size and Zeta potential supported successful synthesis of Cu2O NPs. This study enumerated and assessed the cytotoxicity of Cu2O NPs on three cancer cell lines: HeLa (cervical cancer), MCF‐7 (breast cancer), and MDAMB‐231 (triple negative breast cancer). IC50 (μg/mL) for Cu2O NPs was recorded as 51.24, 59.24, 64.80 for HeLa, MCF‐7 and MDAMB‐231 cells respectively. The Cu2O NPs also exhibited excellent wound healing efficacy, increased cellular mobility including an elevated rate of closure of wounds (93.70 %).