bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time‐resolved resonance Raman and density functional theory study of the photochemistry of 4‐benzoylpyridine in acetonitrile and 2‐propanol
Authors: Du Yong , Xue Jiadan , Ma Chensheng , Kwok Wai Ming , Phillips David Lee 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA nanosecond time‐resolved resonance Raman (ns‐TR3) spectroscopic investigation of the intermolecular hydrogen‐abstraction reaction of the triplet state of 4‐benzoylpyridine (4‐BPy) in 2‐propanol solvent is reported. The TR3 results reveal a rapid hydrogen abstraction (<10 ns) by the 4‐BPy triplet state (nπ*) with the 2‐propanol solvent, leading to formation of a 4‐BPy ketyl radical and an associated dimethyl ketyl radical partner from the solvent. The recombination of these two radical species occurs with a time constant about 200 ns to produce a para‐N‐LAT (light absorbing transient). The structure, major spectral features, and identification of the ketyl radical and the para‐N‐LAT coupling complex have been determined and confirmed by comparison of the TR3 results with results from density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A reaction pathway for the photolysis of 4‐BPy in 2‐propanol deduced from the TR3 results is also presented. The electron‐withdrawing effect of the heterocyclic nitrogen for 4‐BPy on the triplet state makes it have a significantly higher chemical reactivity for the hydrogen abstraction with 2‐propanol compared to the previously reported corresponding benzophenone triplet reaction under similar reaction conditions. In addition, the 4‐BPy ketyl radical reacts with the dimethyl ketyl radical to attach at the para‐N atom position of the pyridine ring to form a cross‐coupling product such as 2‐[4‐(hydroxy‐phenyl‐methylene)‐4h‐pyridin‐1‐yl]‐propan‐2‐ol instead of attacking at the para‐C atom position as was observed for the corresponding benzophenone reaction reported in an earlier study. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Detecting lateral interfaces with focus‐engineered coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering microscopy
Authors: Krishnamachari Vishnu Vardhan , Potma Eric Olaf 
Published: February 2008

AbstractFocus‐engineered coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (FE‐CARS) microscopy is used to highlight the lateral interfaces between chemically distinct media. Interface highlighting is achieved by using a HG10 mode for the Stokes laser beam and a HG00 mode for the pump laser beam in the forward detection scheme. The spectral and the orientation dependence of FE‐CARS are found to be in agreement with theoretical predictions. A brief discussion on the relevance of this technique for imaging third‐order nonlinear susceptibility interfaces in thin samples of biological or chemical importance is presented. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vibrational analysis of the H4I2O102− ion in CuH4I2O10·6H2O
Authors: Jaquet R. , Haeuseler H. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractVibrational wavenumbers (IR and Raman) have been calculated for the diperiodate ion H4I2O102− on the basis of a DFT method and assigned to experimental wavenumbers obtained from CuH4I2O10·6H2O. To obtain vibrational wavenumbers in the range comparable to the experiment it was necessary to use the complex [(H4I2O10)7(Cu(H2O)6)6]2−. Smaller complexes lead to much too high wavenumbers for the O‐H stretching vibrations and to too small wavenumbers in the range of the internal vibrations of the anion. On the basis of the results of the calculations an assignment of the Raman lines observed for CuH4I2O10· 6H2O to the vibrational modes is given. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Passive signal enhancement in spatially offset Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Eliasson Charlotte , Matousek Pavel 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe demonstrate experimentally, for the first time, the feasibility of enhancing signals in Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy (SORS) using a dielectric bandpass filter, building on our earlier experimental work on the enhancement of transmission Raman signals. The method is shown to lead to the enhancement of both the surface and subsurface Raman layer signal improving the signal‐to‐noise ratio of Raman spectra from the deep areas of samples, thus enhancing the technique's sensitivity and penetration depth. The filter is placed over the laser illumination zone, on the sample surface acting as a ‘unidirectional’ mirror transmitting the collimated laser beam on one side and reflecting photons escaping from the sample back into it. This enhances the degree of coupling of laser radiation into the medium and associated generated Raman signal. The feasibility study was performed on a two‐layer sample with the second layer located at the limit of the penetration depth of the method for this sample. The sample consisted of a 2.2‐mm over‐layer of a thinned paracetamol tablet followed by a 2‐mm layer of trans‐stilbene powder. The Raman signal was collected from a spatially offset region through a hole fabricated within the filter. The experiments demonstrate the presence of an enhancement of the Raman signal from both the layers by a factor of 4.4–4.5 and the improved signal‐to‐noise ratio of sublayer signal by a factor of 2.2, in agreement with photon shot noise dominated signal. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dependence of the stimulated Raman scattering threshold in droplets on the temporal stretching of a nanosecond laser pulse
Authors: Malarski A. , Leipertz A. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractFor linear Raman spectroscopy in micro‐droplets the excitation laser energy and therefore the signal strength is limited either by the threshold for the excitation of nonlinear processes in the droplets or by the generation of a plasma (gas breakdown) in the vicinity of the droplets. These processes are due to the enhancement of the excitation field by morphology‐dependent resonances (MDRs) which are built up in the cavity synthesised by the droplets. As these stimulated signals disturb the detection of the linear signal it is of high interest for different applications to suppress the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) or to use an excitation intensity below the SRS threshold with a sufficiently large integrated laser energy to obtain an appropriate signal‐to‐noise ratio for the linear Raman process. In this paper the effect of temporal stretching of the incoming laser pulse with the help of an optical pulse stretcher on the SRS threshold is described and discussed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bridging biomolecules with nanoparticles: surface‐enhanced Raman scattering from colon carcinoma and normal tissue
Authors: Pînzaru S. Cîntă , Andronie L. M. , Domsa I. , Cozar O. , Astilean S. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIn order to get insight into the chemical heterogeneities of solid tumors, here we report the first surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) experiment from normal and altered epithelial layer in human colon carcinoma tissues. The Ag colloidal nanoparticles that can be incorporated into the interstitial space in solid tumors or those penetrating into cytoplasm or nucleus of many cells allowed high quality SERS signal. Different tissue structures of tumor and normal colon have characteristic features in SERS spectra. Prominent SERS features of malignant tissue spectra are related to the strong enhancement of the bands preponderantly attributable to DNA or RNA bases. The preliminary studies demonstrate that it is possible to probe Ag colloidal nanoparticles adsorption onto the tissue resulting in a strong molecular signaling with high specificity and rapid acquisition time using visible laser line excitation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TEMPO‐Mediated Emulsion Polymerization
Authors: Maehata Hideo , Liu Xinzhi , Cunningham Michael , Keoshkerian Barkev 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWhile miniemulsion polymerization has proven to be well‐suited for conducting living/controlled radical polymerizations, emulsion polymerizations have proven to be far more challenging. Ab initio emulsion polymerizations, in which monomer droplets are present during polymerization, have thus far not been successful with TEMPO‐mediated polymerizations, as a result of colloidal instability and coagulum formation. By selectively inhibiting polymerization in the monomer droplets, it is demonstrated that droplet polymerization is responsible for the formation of large (>1 µm) particles that can lead to coagulum formation. Furthermore, we show that coagulum‐free latexes can be produced using a TEMPO‐mediated ab initio emulsion polymerization by suppressing droplet polymerization.magnified image
Correlation between microsurgical course performance and future surgical training selection by intern and junior residents
Authors: Lin Tsan‐Shiun , Chiang Yuan‐Cheng 
Published: February 2008

AbstractHow to improve a young surgeon's skills in microsurgical techniques have been tried and practiced. From 1998 to 2006, microsurgical training was arranged for 285 interns and 104 junior residents in the surgical department. Thirty‐nine percent (40/104) of the residents and 20% (58/285) of the interns were graded as “good.” Forty‐six percent (48/104) of the residents and 46% (131/285) of the interns were graded as “fine.” Fifteen percent (16/104) of the residents and 34% (96/285) of the interns were graded as “poor.” Fifty‐three percent of the interns who were graded “good” and 31% of the interns who were graded “fine” would later choose a surgical field for further training during their residency. Students who were graded “poor” did not select any surgical residency program. The difference was statistical significant. The results of the observed skills practice can be used as a direction for further training in a subspecialty for young doctors. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.
Analysis of a semigroup approach in the inverse problem of identifying an unknown coefficient
Authors: Demir Ali , Ozbilge Ebru 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis article presents a semigroup approach to the mathematical analysis of the inverse coefficient problems of identifying the unknown coefficient k(ux) in the quasi‐linear parabolic equation ut(x, t)=(k(ux)ux(x, t))x+F(x, t), with Dirichlet boundary conditions u(0, t)=ψ0, u(1, t)=ψ1 and source function F(x, t). The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the distinguishability of the input–output mappings Φ[·]: 𝒦 → C1[0, T], Ψ[·]: 𝒦 → C1[0, T] via semigroup theory. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Retracted: Development of an education programme for caregivers of people aging with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Finlayson Marcia , Garcia Jennifer Dahl , Preissner Katharine L. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe article from Occupational Therapy International, Development of an Education Program for Caregivers of People Aging with Multiple Sclerosis (DOI: 10.1002/OTI.245) by Marcia Finlayson, Jennifer Garcia and Katharine Preissner, published online on 5 February 2008 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com), has been retracted by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The retraction has been agreed due to dual publication of this article as a result of an administrative error at the publisher. Copyright ? 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [Statement updated December 2009]
Progression of atherosclerosis in ApoE‐deficient mice that express distinct molecular forms of TNF‐alpha
Authors: Canault M , Peiretti F , Poggi M , Mueller C , Kopp F , Bonardo B , Bastelica D , Nicolay A , Alessi M‐C , Nalbone G 
Published: February 2008

AbstractTNFα (TNF) critically regulates inflammation‐driven atherosclerosis. Because the transmembrane (tmTNF) and soluble (sTNF) forms of TNF possess distinct immuno‐modulatory properties, we hypothesized that they might differentially regulate atherosclerosis progression. Three groups of male ApoE−/− mice were studied: one expressing wild‐type TNF (WT‐TNF); one expressing exclusively a mutated non‐cleavable form of TNF (KI‐TNF); and one deficient in TNF (KO‐TNF). Mice aged 5 weeks were fed the high‐fat diet for 5 (T5) and 15 weeks (T15) or a standard chow diet for 15 weeks. At T5, in mice fed the high‐fat diet, no significant differences in lesion area were observed among the three groups, either in valves or in aortas. At T15, lesion areas in valves were significantly lower in KO‐TNF mice compared with those in WT‐TNF mice, whereas in KI‐TNF mice, they were intermediate between KO‐ and WT‐TNF mice but not significantly different from these two groups. In aortas, lesions in KI‐TNF were comparable to those of KO‐TNF, both being significantly lower than those in WT‐TNF. Theses differences were not linked to circulating lipids, or to macrophage, actin, and collagen contents of lesions. At T15, in mice fed the chow diet, lesion areas in valves and the aortic arch were not significantly different between the three groups. Levels of IL‐6, IFNγ, IL‐10, and Foxp3 mRNAs in spleens and production of IL‐6, IL‐10, MCP‐1, RANTES, and TNFR‐2 by peritoneal macrophages at T15 of the high‐fat diet showed a decrease in pro‐inflammatory status, more marked in KO‐TNF than in KI‐TNF mice. Apoptosis was reduced only in KO‐TNF mice. In conclusion, these data show that TNF effects on atherosclerosis development are detectable at stages succeeding fatty streaks and that wild‐type TNF is superior to tmTNF alone in promoting atherosclerosis. TNF‐dependent progression of atherosclerosis is probably linked to the differential production of pro‐inflammatory mediators whether tmTNF is preponderant or essentially cleaved. Copyright © 2008 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Low prevalence and assay discordance of “aspirin resistance” in children
Authors: Yee D.L. , Dinu B.R. , Sun C.W. , Edwards R.M. , Justino H. , Teruya J. , Bray P.F. , Bomgaars L. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackgroundAlthough “aspirin resistance” (AR‐inadequate platelet inhibition as suggested by in vitro testing of aspirin‐treated patients) has been widely studied in adults and linked to increased risk of adverse outcomes, its prevalence and clinical significance are largely unknown in children.ProcedureTo determine AR prevalence in children and its relationship to assay methodology, we undertook a cross‐sectional study of 44 children (1–17 years, 24 male) on aspirin for various indications and considered three published definitions of AR in adults: platelet aggregation ≥70% to 10 µM adenosine diphosphate and ≥20% to 0.5 mg/ml arachidonic acid (AA), normal PFA‐100® closure time and elevated urinary 11‐dehydro thromboxane B2 (11dhTxB2) concentration.ResultsSix subjects exhibited AR according to at least one of the criteria (5 by PFA‐100®, 1 by aggregometry and 11dhTxB2 criteria); nearly all subjects had low levels of 11dhTxB2 compared with controls. Subjects studied prior to therapy showed pronounced changes in AR parameters after aspirin dosing (e.g., mean aggregation to AA decreased from 82% to 6%, P < 0.001), confirming an aspirin effect. Subjects with AR did not differ from aspirin responsive subjects in terms of age, race, platelet count, or aspirin dose, indication or therapy duration. There was minimal correlation between assays.ConclusionsIn this initial prevalence study of a clinically diverse group of pediatric patients, frequencies of AR were assay‐dependent; however, the prevalence of true AR is likely low in children (2.3%; 95% CI 0.1–10.7%), in agreement with adult studies. To better define the clinical relevance of AR in children, multicenter, prospective cohort studies are imperative. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51:86–92. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Late relapse of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, botryoid variant, of the vagina
Authors: Vasquez Roberto , Collini Paola , Meazza Cristina , Favini Francesca , Casanova Michela , Ferrari Andrea 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe report on two very similar cases of vaginal embryonal RMS, botryoid variant, that relapsed 9 and 10 years after initial diagnosis, a few months after the menarche in both cases. A possible causal association with estrogen hormones is hypothesized, particularly for the second case described, in which estrogen receptors were negative in the primary tumor specimen and positive in the relapsing tumor specimen. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51:140–141. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Psychological referral and consultation for adolescents and young adults with cancer treated at pediatric oncology unit
Authors: Clerici Carlo Alfredo , Massimino Maura , Casanova Michela , Cefalo Graziella , Terenziani Monica , Vasquez Roberto , Meazza Cristina , Ferrari Andrea 
Published: February 2008

AbstractPurposeManaging older adolescents and young adults with cancer is a challenge, both medically and psychosocially: it is important to assess these patients' psychological issues and the type of services they need when deciding who should treat these patients, and where.MethodsThis study describes the pattern of psychological referral and consultation for older adolescents and young adults with cancer being treated at a pediatric oncology unit, as compared with the case of younger patients.ResultsBetween 1999 and 2006, 318 patients <15 (32% of the patients in this age group) and 117 ≥ 15 years old (30%) were referred for psychological consultation. The number of interviews per patient was 2.8 for patients under fifteen and 7.8 for older patients. Younger patients were referred by all members of staff, while most older patients were referred by doctors, mainly because they had trouble adapting to the cancer's diagnosis and treatment. An ongoing, weekly, long‐term psychotherapy was needed for 1% of patients <15 and 10% of those ≥15 years old.ConclusionsAdolescents and young adults with cancer have specific psychological needs. While awaiting the full development of programs dedicated to these patients, they would seem to benefit from being treated in a multidisciplinary setting of the kind usually developed at pediatric units, fully integrating the psychological operators with the other staff members. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51:105–109. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical utility of array comparative genomic hybridization for detection of chromosomal abnormalities in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Rabin Karen R. , Man Tsz‐Kwong , Yu Alexander , Folsom Matthew R. , Zhao Yi‐Jue , Rao Pulivarthi H. , Plon Sharon E. , Naeem Rizwan C. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackgroundAccurate detection of recurrent chromosomal abnormalities is critical to assign patients to risk‐based therapeutic regimens for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).ProcedureWe investigated the utility of array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) for detection of chromosomal abnormalities compared to standard clinical evaluation with karyotype and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Fifty pediatric ALL diagnostic bone marrows were analyzed by bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) array and findings compared to standard clinical evaluation.ResultsSensitivity of aCGH was 79% to detect karyotypic findings other than balanced translocations, which cannot be detected by aCGH because they involve no copy number change. aCGH also missed abnormalities occurring in subclones constituting less than 25% of cells. aCGH detected 44 additional abnormalities undetected or misidentified by karyotype with 21 subsequently validated by FISH, including abnormalities in 4 of 10 cases with uninformative cytogenetics. aCGH detected concurrent terminal deletions of both 9p and 20q in three cases, in two of which the 20q deletion was undetected by karyotype. A narrow region of loss at 7p21 was detected in two cases.ConclusionsaCGH detects the majority of karyotypic findings other than balanced translocations, and may provide key prognostic information in the approximately 35% of cases with uninformative cytogenetics. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51:171–177. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Activated charcoal to prevent irinotecan‐induced diarrhea in children
Authors: Sergio Gallegos‐Castorena , Félix Gaytán‐Morales , Luis Juárez‐Villegas 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackgroundWe performed a prospective study to evaluate the efficacy of activated charcoal (AC) to prevent irinotecan‐induced diarrhea (IID).ProcedureWe designed a prospective trial including all patients receiving irinotecan as part of their chemotherapy treatment. Patients were divided into two groups. The experimental group received AC at a dose of 250 mg three times daily during irinotecan administration. The number and severity of events were graded according to the gastrointestinal toxicity criteria of the NCI Common Toxicity Criteria. We used descriptive statistics, Mann–Whitney U test, and Fisher's exact test to evaluate our results.ResultsTwenty‐two evaluable patients were included for a total of 66 irinotecan chemotherapy cycles. Ten patients received AC and 12 did not. There were 45 cycles in the experimental group and 21 in the control group. A total of 28 events of diarrhea were registered, 13 in 45 cycles (28.88%) in the experimental group and 15 in 21 cycles (71.42%) in the control group (P = 0.002). Grade 3 and 4 diarrhea was present in 4.4% of patients receiving AC against 52.3% in the controls (P = 0.010). Chemotherapy was discontinued in 6.6% in the experimental group and 52.3% in the control group.ConclusionsThe use of AC decreased the frequency and severity of IID improving compliance with treatment. We consider AC and effective and safe prophylactic treatment to prevent IID. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51:49–52. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hepatoblastoma in a Noonan syndrome patient with a PTPN11 mutation
Authors: Yoshida Rie , Ogata Tsutomu , Masawa Nobuhide , Nagai Toshiro 
Published: February 2008

AbstractAlthough Noonan syndrome (NS) is occasionally associated with embryonal solid tumors, there has been no report of hepatoblastoma in NS. We identified hepatoblastoma spreading into bilateral hepatic lobes in a 1‐month‐old NS patient with a heterozygous PTPN11 mutation (Asn308Asp). This finding suggests the potential relevance of constitutively activated RAS/MAPK signaling in the development of hepatoblastoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;50:1274–1276. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Treatment of outpatients with schizophrenia in a depot clinic
Authors: Crockett Adrienne , Goldstein Mary 
Published: February 2008

AbstractPatients with schizophrenia on conventional antipsychotics may benefit from a switch to an atypical antipsychotic if they are experiencing unacceptable side‐effects. Here, Dr Crockett and Dr Goldstein present the results of their clinical review of outpatients with a reported diagnosis of schizophrenia attending a depot clinic in WestYorkshire to address whether those patients on typical antipsychotic depot preparations were receiving optimum treatment. Copyright © 2008 Wiley Interface Ltd
Construction of polymer skeletons with radiation‐scissile groups at predetermined sites
Authors: Shimizu Takashi , Hayakawa Takashi , Sogabe Takahiro , Ichikawa Tsuneki 
Published: February 2008

AbstractPolymers that can be cleaved at predetermined sites by ionizing radiations have been synthesized by incorporating benzylic esters into their skeletons. Secondary electrons generated by ionizing radiations are captured by the benzylic esters to dissociate into benzylic radicals and carboxyl anions, so that the polymer skeletons are cleaved at predetermined sites. The γ‐irradiation of a three‐armed star polymer, 1,2,4‐tri‐(2‐polystyrene‐2‐methyl‐propyonyloxymethyl)‐benzene, results in the selective scission of the arms, and the resultant radicals neither combine with each other nor graft to the other polymer skeletons to give larger polymer molecules. The irradiation of poly(methyl methacrylate) crosslinked with 4‐methacryloyloxybenzyl methacrylate results in the selective scission at the crosslinking sites with high radiation‐chemical efficiency of 8.5 scissions per 100 eV radiation energy absorbed. These results indicate that the incorporation of benzylic esters into polymer skeletons opens a new way of constructing radiation resists with high sensitivity to ionizing radiations and high resistivity to plasma etching. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 1945–1953, 2008