bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic Review to Inform the Developmental Coordination Disorder Clinical Practice Guideline Update: Physical Therapy Intervention
Authors: Iwamoto Kai , Pines Kalala , Lochala Carly , Long Danielle , Hess Paula , Sargent Barbara 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
Systematically review current evidence on physical therapy (PT) intervention for developmental coordination disorder (DCD) to inform the update to the 2020 DCD Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG).

Methods:
Eight databases were searched for qualitative studies, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews (SRs) that informed PT management of DCD. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed.

Results:
Sixteen studies were included. Three SRs, 3 RCTs, and 1 qualitative study supported task-oriented interventions, the first-choice intervention recommended by the 2020 DCD CPG. One SR and 7 RCTs supported supplemental activities, including a meta-analysis of 2 studies on active video gaming. One qualitative study informed how physical therapists adapt motor learning strategies for children with DCD.

Conclusion:
Newer evidence reaffirms 3 of the 5 recommendations on intervention of the 2020 DCD CPG and adds low to very low-quality evidence on new evidence-informed supplemental activities.
The Reliability and Validity of Data Obtained With the Functional Gait Assessment Modified for Children
Authors: Chiao Amanda , Patterson Jessie N. , Cochrane Graham D. , Christy Jennifer B. , Janky Kristen. L. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
This study investigated the Functional Gait Assessment modified for Children (FGA-mC) in children with cochlear implant and with and without vestibular loss (VL), and the FGA-mC’s reliability and validity.

Methods:
Fifty-nine children completed the FGA-mC and vestibular and functional testing. Twenty children were video-recorded to assess the FGA-mC’s inter- and intra-rater reliability, and 10 repeated the FGA-mC for test-retest reliability. Ten physical therapists reviewed the videos, scored the child’s FGA-mC performance, and provided test administration feedback.

Results:
Children without VL had significantly higher FGA-mC scores compared to children with bilateral VL and a <26 cutoff score was identified for normal function versus VL with good discrimination, sensitivity and specificity. The FGA-mC had good inter- and intra-rater reliability, construct validity, but poor test-retest reliability.

Conclusions:
The FGA-mC shows decreased performance in children with bilateral VL compared to children without VL. There was overall good-to-excellent reliability and validity of the FGA-mC, supporting its use for a pediatric population.
Bone mineral density changes in breastfeeding women living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Eastern and Southern Africa
Authors: Matovu Kiweewa Flavia , Stranix-Chibanda Lynda , Yende-Zuma Nonhlanhla , Dadabhai Sufia , Owor Maxensia , Hanley Sherika , Nyati Mandisa , Chinula Lameck , Pettifor John M. , Brummel Sean S. , Aizire Jim , Taha Taha E. , Brown Todd T. , Fowler Mary Glenn 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
To describe postpartum bone mineral density (BMD) change among breastfeeding African women living with HIV (WLHIV) on life-long antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Design:
In IMPAACT P1084 s, postpartum BMD declines were greater in WLHIV randomized to ART to prevent breastmilk transmission compared to infant nevirapine prophylaxis). This analysis extends the observation period through entry to a follow-on observational study, PROMOTE.

Methods:
Lumbar spine (LS), total hip (TH) and femoral neck (FN) BMD were assessesd using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at postpartum weeks 1 and 74 in P1084 s, and at PROMOTE entry. Participants were included if DXA data were available from PROMOTE entry and > 1 earlier timepoint. Country-specific Z-scores were created by internal standardization to week 1 values. Linear mixed models, adjusted for country, estimated the annualized rate of change in BMD z-scores between postpartum week 1 and PROMOTE entry. Linear regression assessed the association between maternal characteristics and BMD z-score rate of change.

Results:
We included BMD data from 519 participants between postpartum week 1 through PROMOTE entry (median (IQR) 4.6 (3.5–5.1) years postpartum). For every 5 years passed, LS BMD Z-scores increased by + 0.250 units, while TH and FN BMD z-scores decreased by -0.173 and -0.141 units, respectively. LS, TH and FN BMD increased between postpartum week 74 and PROMOTE entry, but only LS BMD fully recovered to week 1 values.

Conclusion:
Given dampened TH and FN BMD recovery post-breastfeeding, longer term monitoring is needed to assess peri-/post-menopausal fracture risk, and interventions to optimize bone health among WLHIV on life-long ART.
FDG PET/CT in a Case of Marjolin Ulcer of the Scalp Over a Long-standing Burn Scar
Authors: Dulet Mehul , Taywade Sameer , Verma Vikrant , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Marjolin ulcer is a malignant degeneration of previously injured skin, long-established scars, and wounds. This malignant transformation is most implicated in full-thickness burns; however, it may be associated with vaccination sites, pressure sores, venous stasis, and many other conditions causing chronic scar or wound formation. These lesions are aggressive and carry a poor prognosis. FDG PET/CT is an excellent diagnostic aid to differentiate these lesions from benign inflammation, to evaluate the primary malignant site and its extent and depth, and to evaluate metastasis.
Metabolic activity has been noted to be significantly higher in Marjolin ulcer than in benign conditions.
Facial Anthropometry Study Using Stereophotogrammetry Analysis Among Mozambique Adults
Authors: Saíde Alarquia Aly , Nogueira Vanessa Ota , Sforza Chiarella , Neppelenbroek Karin Hermana , Soares Simone 
Published: February 2025

This cross-sectional observational study aimed to establish facial linear and angular measurement values for Mozambique adults and to determine the morphologic differences between sexes and ages using stereophotogrammetry. One hundred and sixty-six Mozambique individuals categorized into 8 groups by age (20–65 y) and sex were assessed. Anthropometric points were marked on the face, and 3D images were captured. Linear and angular measurements were obtained and evaluated. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test were used to determine differences among groups and sexes, with significance set at P<0.05. Significant differences in linear and angular measurements were observed between the groups and sexes. Differences were evident in 13 of 15 linear measurements, with higher values observed in men than in women. Women showed higher angular measurements than men in 4 of 6 measurements. Sexual dimorphism was confirmed by significantly higher linear measurements in men and increased angular measurements in women. Morphologic changes with aging included decreased eye width and lip height, increased mouth width, and augmented nose measurements, particularly in men. In addition, the nasolabial angle widened with age, and women exhibited more pronounced facial convexity than men. This study aims to gain insights into the facial metrics of diverse populations and utilize these findings in clinical practice to enhance prosthetic flow and forensic training and develop a comprehensive population database.
Serologic Responses to COVID-19 Vaccination in Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Goggin Kathryn P. , Sun Elizabeth , Yun Emily , Kamel Margret , Perez Maria A. , Hsiao Hui-Mien , DiMaggio Langdon S. , Liverman Rochelle , Anderson Evan J. , Shane Andi L. , Garro Rouba , George Roshan P. , Rostad Christina A. 
Published: February 2025

Background.
There are limited data describing the immune responses to COVID-19 vaccination in pediatric kidney transplant recipients, and expanding upon this information could help inform vaccination strategies in this unique population.

Methods.
We performed a prospective, observational, single-center cohort study using remnant blood samples of pediatric kidney transplant recipients from routine clinic visits to examine longitudinal serological responses after COVID-19 vaccination. We enrolled 61 pediatric kidney transplant recipients who had at least 1 sample available for analysis. Sera or plasma were analyzed for ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron (B.1.1.529; BA.1) spike IgG and nucleocapsid IgG using a Meso Scale Discovery platform.

Results.
One month after a 3-dose COVID-19 vaccination series, the IgG geometric mean titer to the SARS-CoV-2 ancestral spike was 684 binding antibody units/mL (95% confidence interval, 269-1739), but titers waned by 4–6 mo. A fourth dose of the COVID-19 vaccine boosted IgG geometric mean titer to 1606 binding antibody units/mL (95% confidence interval, 868-2972), and titers persisted through 6 mo. IgG titers against Omicron (B.1.1.529; BA.1) were overall lower than ancestral SARS-CoV-2. They were higher in participants with prior infection and were not significantly impacted by receipt of belatacept.

Conclusions.
Additional doses of the COVID-19 vaccine bolstered durable serologic responses in pediatric kidney transplant recipients, and this study broadens our understanding of immune responses to COVID-19 vaccinations in this population.
Additional Diagnoses Other Than Rejection in the Kidney Allograft Biopsy: Pitfalls for Biopsy-based Transcript Diagnostics
Authors: Rho Elena , Weidmann Lukas , Korach Raphael , Bortel Nicola , Schmid Nicolas , Harmacek Dusan , Castrezana Lopez Kai , George Britta , von Moos Seraina , Helmchen Birgit Maria , Gaspert Ariana , Rössler Fabian , Schachtner Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Background.
Biopsy-based transcripts associated with antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) hold promise as substitutes for C4d positivity. However, their utility in cases with additional diagnoses other than rejection remains inadequately studied.

Methods.
In our comprehensive analysis of 326 kidney allograft biopsies, assessed by histology and the Molecular Microscope Diagnostic System, we identified 68 cases characterized by additional pathologies, including pyelonephritis (n = 15), BK nephropathy (n = 20), acute interstitial nephritis (n = 5), and glomerular diseases (n = 28).

Results.
Among cases with pyelonephritis, 7 of 15 cases (46%) showed a rejection-like signal, 4 above (16%) and 3 (20%) below diagnostic thresholds. Notably, the T cell–mediated rejection (TCMR) archetype score R2 (median, 0.13; interquartile range [IQR], 0.04–0.34) predominantly contributed to this observation. In BK nephropathy, 13 of 20 cases (65%) showed a rejection-like signal, 10 (50%) above and 3 (15%) below diagnostic thresholds. Elevated TCMR R2 (median, 0.07; IQR, 0.00–0.41) and all AMR archetype scores R4–6 (median, 0.23; IQR, 0.07–0.53) were driving factors. Among cases with acute interstitial nephritis, 3 of 5 cases (60%) showed TCMR-like signal with elevated R2 scores (median, 0.13; IQR, 0.00–0.54). Conversely, only 5 of 28 cases (18%) showed a rejection-like signal in glomerular disease cases, whereas 57% displayed all AMR archetype scores of ≥0.30.

Conclusions.
Additional pathologies can affect the Molecular Microscope Diagnostic System output, giving a molecular rejection-like signal. The prevalence of rejection-like signals below diagnostic thresholds is noteworthy, warranting caution and prompting further investigation.
Efficacy and Safety of Allogeneic Islet Transplantation Demonstrated by a Multicenter Clinical Trial in Japan
Authors: Anazawa Takayuki , Marubashi Shigeru , Kodama Shohta , Goto Masafumi , Maruyama Michihiro , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Shimoda Masayuki , Noguchi Hirofumi , Yamaguchi Takuhiro , Ito Taihei , Kenmochi Takashi , Gotoh Mitsukazu 
Published: February 2025

Background.
Islet transplantation in type 1 diabetes mellitus restores endogenous insulin secretion and hypoglycemia awareness. Although high-quality prospective clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of islet transplantation, reports on the clinical outcomes in Asia remain scarce. Therefore, we conducted a clinical trial in Japan to verify the effectiveness of islet transplantation.

Methods.
This multicenter, single-arm study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of immunosuppressive therapy for allogeneic islet transplantation. The immunosuppressive regimens included antithymocyte globulin, calcineurin inhibitors, and mycophenolate mofetil. The primary endpoint was a glycated hemoglobin level of <7.4% on day 365 and the absence of severe hypoglycemic events from 1 mo to 1 y after the first transplantation.

Results.
Eight recipients with evaluation data obtained 1 y after the initial transplantation were included in the efficacy analysis. Of the 8 recipients, 3, 3, and 2 recipients received 1, 2, and 3 islet infusions, respectively. Six recipients (75%) achieved the primary endpoint. The median glycated hemoglobin levels declined from an initial 7.3% to 6.3% and 6.1% on days 375 and 730, respectively, with related improvements in hypoglycemia awareness and glucose variability. No complications associated with intraportal transplantation, such as intraperitoneal hemorrhage or portal vein embolism, were observed.

Conclusions.
Islet transplantation provided near-normal glycemic control and protection against severe hypoglycemic events in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in this Japanese cohort. Future studies are needed to confirm whether long-term graft survival can be achieved and whether it is possible to prevent the progression of diabetic complications.
Diagnosis and clinical description of leptospirosis cases identified through hospital-based active surveillance in Puerto Rico, 2019-2021
Authors: Munoz-Zanzi Claudia , Mueller Melissa , Coriano-Díaz Natalia , Rivera-Gutierrez Ralph , Rivera-Cátala Christian , Millán-Rodríguez Rachel , Cantres Rosa , Piñeiro-Falcón Natalie M. , Ríos-Núñez Daiana M. , Maldonado-Alfonzo Josean G. , Galloway Renee , Santiago-Ramos Luis J. , Kircher Amy , Hallman Deana , Martinez Lemuel , Russel-Orama Robin , Schafer Ilana J. 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionLeptospirosis is endemic to Puerto Rico, affecting people through seasonal increases and outbreaks. This report describes the diagnostic approach and clinical characteristics of leptospirosis cases identified through active undifferentiated acute febrile illness (UAFI) surveillance in Puerto Rico.Materials and MethodsFrom 2019-2021, active surveillance was conducted in four emergency departments (ED), with standardized recruitment of patients aged ≥5 years, presenting with fever or a history of fever of unknown origin within the past two weeks. Additional cases were recruited from referrals of patients with positive leptospirosis diagnostic tests routinely ordered by clinicians. All enrolled patients were subject to a standardized diagnostic algorithm using PCR and serology to identify probable and confirmed leptospirosis cases. Patient data was collected from electronic medical records and interviews.ResultsLeptospirosis was diagnosed in 4% of 406 ED-enrolled UAFI patients, eight confirmed and eight probable cases. Referrals resulted in identification of 12 routinely detected cases (five confirmed and seven probable). Of the 28 cases, 71% were ≤7 days-post-onset, 71% were male, average age was 43 years old, and the most common presentations included lower back pain (82%), headache (75%), fatigue (71%), vomiting (71%), myalgia (71%), and calf pain (64%). Common clinical laboratory findings were elevated AST (78%), hyperglycemia (74%), thrombocytopenia (48%), proteinuria (62%), and hematuria (62%). Classification of four isolates identifiedL. interrogansserovar Icterohaemorrhagiae/Copenhageni (n=2),L. borgpeterseniiserovar Ballum/Guangdong, andL. kirschneri(no serovar match). All but one of the leptospirosis cases met the current Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists’ definition for clinical compatibility with leptospirosis. Hemorrhagic symptoms and acute kidney injury with jaundice were associated with being a leptospirosis case.ConclusionsThese findings underscore the role of leptospirosis among febrile illness in Puerto Rico, the need for increased awareness to optimize diagnosis and treatment, and further research to improve prevention and intervention strategies.
Centella asiaticaimproves sleep quality and quantity in aged mice
Authors: Dovek Laura , Tinsley Carolyn E. , Gutowsky Katelyn , McDaniel Kayla , Potter Zoe , Ruffins Matthias , Milman Noah E.P. , Wong Claire , Soumyanath Amala , Gray Nora E. , Lim Miranda M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAge-related sleep disruption is common in older adults. Not only does the total amount of time spent in sleep decline, but the number of arousals during sleep increases with age. As sleep is important for both memory consolidation and to prevent neurodegenerative pathology, this decline in sleep and/or sleep consolidation may underlie age-related cognitive decline and dementias. Furthermore, treatment of sleep disruption can improve quality of life. However, few interventions have successfully reversed age-related sleep decline. Extracts from the plantCentella asiaticahave demonstrated neuroprotective effects in human, rodent, and fly models of aging and neurodegenerative diseases, and is a promising intervention for dementias, yet little is known about how these extracts affect sleep patterns. Here, we administeredCentella asiatica water extract(CAW)dosed or control chow to male and female C57BL6/J mice aged 18 months. Effects on sleep composition were determined using electrodes that recorded EEG and EMG signals. We found that CAW dosed chow (1000 mg/kg/day) increased REM sleep time in aged male mice and decreased the number of arousals during sleep observed in aged females, compared to age- and sex-matched controls. We conclude that CAW administered in food has a moderate, sex-dependent effect on sleep quantity and quality.Statement of SignificanceSleep declines with age and may underline age-related cognitive changes. However, few interventions have successfully reversed age-related sleep and cognitive decline. This study found that botanical extract from the plantCentella asiaticaincreased total REM sleep time in aged male mice, and decreased sleep fragmentation in aged female mice, compared to age- and sex-matched controls. Whether these moderate, sex-dependent effect sizes on sleep in aged mice are impactful enough to affect cognition, quality of life, and/or neurodegenerative pathology could be explored in future studies.
Anti-Parkinsonian Drugs Rescue Locomotor Deficits in JIP3 Knockout Zebrafish: Implications for Treating Patients withMAPK8IP3-related Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Authors: Foksinska Aleksandra , Souder Paige , Smith Gabrielle , Travis Kinnsley , Rucka Sienna , Allred Addie , Bender Rebeca , Brunson Jackie , Lanier Avary , Glaze Amber , Crouse Andrew , Might Matt , Crowder Camerron M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMAPK8IP3-related neurodevelopmental disorders are a spectrum of rare conditions caused byde novomutations in theMAPK8IP3gene that encodes the JIP3 protein. These disorders are associated with a spectrum of neurodevelopmental symptoms that manifest in children and cause brain abnormalities, profound intellectual disabilities, movement disorders, and developmental delays. JIP3 is required for axonal transport of proteins and organelles between the soma and the synaptic terminal of neurons, a process critical for normal brain development and function. Homozygous loss-of-function mutations in JIP3 lead to impaired axonal transport and aggregation of cargo, which result in axonal swelling and stunted elongation. Despite these severe outcomes, disease mechanisms are poorly understood, and no current treatments are available.Here we conduct thorough morphological, behavioral, and motility phenotyping in the JIP3 knockout zebrafish and identify locomotor deficits and morphological abnormalities. To identify treatment options, we used insights from expert clinicians and the artificial intelligence tool, mediKanren, to identify drug candidates hypothesized to improve patient symptoms or compensate for the loss of JIP3 at the molecular level. We then prioritized drugs that are FDA-approved, safe for children, and readily available. These collective efforts identified amantadine and levodopa as candidate therapies and rescued motor phenotypes associated with JIP3 loss-of-function in zebrafish.
Single-cell Transcriptomics Unravel Stereocilia Degeneration as a Key Contributor to Age-related Vestibular Dysfunction in Mice and Humans
Authors: Kulasooriya Samadhi , Liu Huizhan , Vijayakumar Sarath , Bloom Celia , Tu Su , Borgmeier Benjamin J. , Zhou Mi , Tao Litao , Kachar Bechara , He David Z. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAge-related vestibular dysfunction (ARVD) is a prevalent, debilitating condition in the elderly. The etiology and molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. We focused on mechanosensitive hair cells (HCs) as they are particularly vulnerable to aging. Using single-cell RNA-seq transcriptomes of young and old mouse vestibular HCs, we show that aging HCs display both universal molecular blueprints, such as genomic instability, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired proteostasis, and cell type-specific aging signatures associated with deterioration of hair bundles and mechanotransduction. These signatures are also observed in aged human vestibular HCs, suggesting shared mechanisms. Importantly, morphological and functional analysis revealed that bundle degeneration and vestibular functional decline precede HC loss, highlighting the deterioration of mechanotransduction as a key contributor to ARVD. Furthermore, molecular and cellular changes associated with aging signatures are less pronounced in vestibular HCs than in cochlear HCs, underscoring the different pace of aging between the two mammalian inner ear sensory epithelia.
Novel neurofilament light (Nefl) E397K mouse models of Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2E (CMT2E) present early and chronic axonal neuropathy
Authors: Pérez-López Dennis O. , Shively Audrey A. , Torres F. Javier Llorente , Abu-Salah Mohammed T. , Garcia Michael L. , Arnold W. David , Lorson Monique A. , Lorson Christian L. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCharcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) is the most common hereditary peripheral neuropathy with an incidence of 1:2,500. CMT2 clinical symptoms include distal muscle weakness and atrophy, sensory loss, toe and foot deformities, with some patients presenting with reduced nerve conduction velocity. Mutations in the neurofilament light chain (NEFL) gene result in a specific form of CMT2 disease, CMT2E.NEFLencodes the protein, NF-L, one of the core intermediate filament proteins that contribute to the maintenance and stability of the axonal cytoskeleton. To better understand the underlying biology of CMT2E disease and advance the development of therapeutics, we generated aNefl+/E397Kmouse model. While theNefl+/E397Kmutation is inherited in a dominant manner, we also characterizedNeflE397K/E397Kmice to determine whether disease onset, progression or severity would be impacted. Consistent with CMT2E, lifespan was not altered in these novel mouse models. A longitudinal electrophysiology study demonstrated significant in vivo functional abnormalities as early as P21 in distal latency, compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude and negative area. A significant reduction in the sciatic nerve axon area, diameter, and G-ratio was also present as early as P21. Evidence of axon sprouting was observed with disease progression. Through the twelve months measured, disease became more evident in all assessments. Collectively, these results demonstrate an early and robust in vivo electrophysiological phenotype and axonal pathology, makingNefl+/E397KandNeflE397K/E397Kmice ideal for the evaluation of therapeutic approaches.