bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Action learning as leverage for strategic transformation: a case study reflection
Authors: O'Hara Suzanne , Murphy Lily , Reeve Steve 
Published: June 2007

Abstract
This paper assesses the impact of an innovative large‐scale action learning intervention on organizational development. It attempts to evaluate the degree of transformational change and resilience through capacity building which resulted following the intervention. It is important to note that the original specification for the intervention work did not delineate nor expect transformational change at an organizational level, but rather development and improved management capacity at an individual level.
Our reflection on the research findings carried out as evaluative indicators, indicated that work undertaken as part of the intervention developed managers who thought and acted differently but also developed the organization's capacity to meet future external challenges. The paper addresses the question of how the results of the action learning intervention might generate significant organizational change.
It concludes by considering the relationship of management development to organizational development and corporate transformation. Suggestions are offered about what is needed if organizational transformation is a stated aim for interventions specifically using action learning.
Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genotypic variation of iron partitioning in rice grain
Authors: Prom‐u‐thai Chanakan , Fukai Shu , Godwin Ian D , Huang Longbin 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe present study investigates the variation of Fe concentration and partitioning in different grain tissues, particularly in the endosperm (white rice) among different rice cultivars from diverse genetic backgrounds. Iron concentration ranged from 10 to 20 mg kg−1 in brown rice and 3–11 mg kg−1 in white rice. Iron concentration in white rice was not correlated with that in brown rice. Polishing removed 25–84% of Fe from the brown rice, resulting in a low Fe concentration in the white rice and changed the ranking order for Fe concentration among the cultivars tested. Total Fe content in the whole grain including husk (r = 0.28, NS) and total Fe content in brown rice (r = 0.09, NS) was not significantly correlated with Fe concentration in white rice. Iron content in white rice was found to vary between 0.05 and 0.2 µg grain−1 among cultivars tested, with the highest Fe content in cv. Sakha. Iron concentration in white rice was negatively correlated with total Fe content in the bran fraction, which is lost during the polishing process to produce white rice from brown rice (r = − 0.82**). The partitioning of Fe between the endosperm and bran seemed to play a key role in achieving high Fe concentration in the white rice. The surface cell layers of the caryopsis appeared to be the main resistance of Fe partitioning into the endosperm (white rice) as there was a significantly negative correlation between Fe concentration in the white rice and Fe content in the bran, which is lost during the polishing process. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Differences in Jijona turrón concepts between consumers and manufacturers
Authors: Verdú Alexis , Serrano‐Megías Marta , Vázquez‐Araujo Laura , Pérez‐López Antonio J , Carbonell‐Barrachina Ángel A 
Published: June 2007

AbstractSensory evaluation of food is of particular interest for typical products such as those having a Protected Geographical Indication, e.g. Jijona turrón. Sensory analysis can help manufacturers in getting a better understanding of consumer acceptability. The main objective of this study was to compare the concepts of a high‐quality turrón between consumers and manufacturers. The most important quality attributes of Jijona turrón were hardness, oiliness, consistency, crumbliness, adhesiveness, almond content, honey aroma, almond aroma and sweetness. Both consumers and manufacturers perceived these attributes in a similar way, indicating that consumers had a high knowledge of this product. However, while consumers want a product with high levels of sweetness and consistency and low levels of oiliness, manufacturers care more for intense honey and almond flavours. Finally, turrón consumption is confined to Christmas for people aged < 35 or > 50 years, while people aged 35–50 years consume this item throughout the year. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Developments in ion chromatography using monolithic columns
Authors: Chambers Stuart D. , Glenn Karen M. , Lucy Charles A. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe focus of this review is on current status and on‐going developments in ion chromatography (IC) using monolithic phases. The use and potential of both silica and polymeric monoliths in IC is discussed, with silica monoliths achieving efficiencies upwards of 105 plates/m for inorganic ions in a few minutes or less. Ion exchange capacity can be introduced onto the monolithic columns through the addition of ion interaction reagents to the eluent, coating of the monolith with ionic surfactants or polyelectrolyte latexes, and covalent bonding. The majority of the studies to date have used surfactant‐coated columns, but the stability of surfactant coatings limits this approach. Applications of monolithic IC columns to the separation of inorganic anions and cations are tabulated. Finally, a discussion on the recent commercialization of monolithic IC columns and the use of monolithic phases for IC peripherals such as preconcentrator columns, microextractors and suppressors is presented.
Thermally responsive chromatographic materials using functional polymers
Authors: Kanazawa Hideko 
Published: June 2007

AbstractFunctional polymers that respond to small changes in environmental stimuli with large changes in their structure and properties are often called “intelligent” polymers. We have modified material surfaces with such polymers and used them in separation systems. Silica beads were modified with the temperature‐responsive polymer poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm). PNIPAAm‐grafted surfaces exhibited temperature‐driven alterations of hydrophilic‐hydrophobic surface‐properties. Using this feature, PNIPAAm and related temperature‐responsive polymers have been used to generate temperature‐sensitive stationary phases for chromatographic separations. We attached several different functional polymers, including temperature‐ and pH‐responsive polymers, to silica beads. These temperature‐responsive stationary phases are useful in development of separation methods since adjusting the temperature represents an extra tool for optimizing the selectivity. Applications of thermally responsive columns for separations in the HPLC mode are demonstrated.
Ovarian expression of p53 and p21 apoptosis regulators in γ‐irradiated mice
Authors: Lee Chang Joo , Kim Heung‐Tae , Song Kang Won , Kim Sang Soo , Park Ho Hyun , Yoon Yong‐Dal 
Published: June 2007

AbstractOvarian follicular degeneration is accelerated by γ‐radiation. To investigate the precise radiation‐induced cellular and molecular biological changes in the ovary, prepubertal mice were whole‐body irradiated with 6.94 Gy, which is the 30% of the lethal dose of γ‐radiation using a 60Co source. At 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hr after irradiation, ovarian expression of p53 and p21 mRNA and protein were analyzed by reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting, respectively. Immunohistochemical localization of p53 and p21 antigens was also carried out. Immunoreactive p53 and p21 were expressed in the nuclei of granulosa cells, but were not detected on the theca. In control mouse ovaries, p21 was weakly expressed on granulosa but not on the theca cells. In γ‐irradiated mouse ovaries, however, immunoreactive p21 proteins were detected in the nuclei of follicular granulosa cells. After irradiation expression of p53 and p21 mRNA and protein was significantly increased compared to β‐actin. Taken together, these observations suggest that p53 and p21 are actively involved in γ‐radiation‐induced follicular degeneration in the prepubertal mouse ovary. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 383–391, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A multivariate analysis approach to the integration of proteomic and gene expression data
Authors: Fagan Ailís , Culhane Aedín C. , Higgins Desmond G. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn order to understand even the simplest cellular processes, we need to integrate proteomic, gene expression and other biomolecular data. To date, most computational approaches aimed at integrating proteomics and gene expression data use direct gene/protein correlation measures. However, due to post‐transcriptional and translational regulations, the correspondence between the expression of a gene and its protein is complicated. We apply a multivariate statistical method, co‐inertia analysis (CIA), to visualise gene and proteomic expression data stemming from the same biological samples. Principal components analysis or correspondence analysis can be used for data exploration on single datasets. CIA is then used to explore the relationships between two or more datasets. We further explore the data by projecting gene ontology (GO) information onto these plots to describe the cellular processes in action. We apply these techniques to gene expression and protein abundance data from studies of the human malarial parasite life cycle and the NCI‐60 cancer cell lines. In each case, we visualise gene expression, protein abundance and GO classes in the same low dimensional projections and identify GO classes that are likely to be of biological importance.
Subcellular proteomics of cell differentiation: Quantitative analysis of the plasma membrane proteome of Caco‐2 cells
Authors: Pshezhetsky Alexey V. , Fedjaev Michael , Ashmarina Lyudmila , Mazur Alexander , Budman Lorne , Sinnett Daniel , Labuda Damian , Beaulieu Jean‐François , Ménard Daniel , Nifant'ev Ilya , Levy Émile 
Published: June 2007

AbstractHuman colorectal carcinoma (Caco‐2) cells undergo in culture spontaneous enterocytic differentiation, characterized by polarization and appearance of the functional apical brush border membrane. To provide insights into the biology of differentiation, we have performed a comparative proteomic analysis of the plasma membranes from proliferating cells (PCs) and the apical membranes from differentiated cells (DCs). Proteins were resolved by SDS‐PAGE, in‐gel digested and analyzed by RP‐LC and MS/MS. Alternatively, proteins were digested in solution, and tryptic peptides were labeled with isotopic tags and analyzed by 2‐D LC followed by MS/MS. Among the 1125 proteins identified in both proteomes, 76 were found to be significantly increased in the membranes of DCs and 61 were increased in PCs. Majority of the proteins increased in the apical membranes were metabolic enzymes, proteins involved in the maintenance of cellular structure, transmembrane transporters, and proteins regulating vesicular transport. In contrast, majority of the proteins increased in the membranes of PCs were involved in gene expression, protein synthesis, and folding. Both groups contained many novel proteins with yet to be identified functions, which could provide potential new markers of the intestinal cells or of colorectal cancer.
Coalescence of droplets in viscoelastic matrix with diffuse interface under simple shear flow
Authors: Yu Wei , Zhou Chixing 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe coalescence process of two droplets in simple shear flow was modeled and simulated by the diffuse interface method. The collision between two droplets was investigated. The systems with small Peclet number, which denotes highly diffuse ability of concentration, were found to coalesce faster and easier due to the overlap of interfacial layers. The effect of matrix elasticity on droplet coalescence was studied thoroughly. The matrix elasticity was found to decrease the hydrodynamic interactions between droplets, and delay the coalescence process. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 1856–1869, 2007
On the crystallinity effect on the gas sorption in semicrystalline linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)
Authors: Compañ Vicente , Del Castillo L. F. , Hernández S. I. , López‐González M. Mar , Riande Evaristo 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis article describes the solubility of carbon dioxide, ethylene and propane in 1‐octene based polyethylene of 0.94, 0.92, 0.904, and 0.87 densities. The isotherms obtained in the gas sorption experimental device display a sorption behavior similar to that of glassy polymers. We apply the dual model to semicrystalline polymers assuming that Henry's sites are related to the amorphous phase, which decreases when the crystallinity percentage increases, whereas the surface of the crystalline phase acts as a Langmuir site with higher gas‐polymer affinity than glassy polymers. The good concordance of the calculated kD values, using the Flory‐Huggins theory of polymer diluent mixtures, with the experimental results suggest that Henry's gas sorption fulfills this theory and, therefore, it may be a suitable way to estimate polymer‐gas enthalpic interactions. Particularly, the variation of kD with the crystallinity fraction is exponential and the proportionality of the total sorption with the amorphous content seems only apparent. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 1798–1807, 2007
Current challenges for FDA‐regulated bioanalytical laboratories for human (BA/BE) studies. Part I: defining the appropriate compliance standards – application of the principles of FDA GLP and FDA GMP to bioanalytical laboratories
Authors: Ocampo Arlene , Lum Steven , Chow Frank 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis article is the first of a three‐part series that deals with current compliance issues/challenges for bioanalytical laboratories performing analysis for bioavailability/bioequivalence studies. Part 1 of this series provides the application of key elements from the Food and Drug Administration Good Laboratory Practices and the current Good Manufacturing Practices regulations as the framework for the implementation of sound quality systems in a bioanalytical laboratory to be in compliance with current regulatory expectations. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A factor in quality: information on client satisfaction/dissatisfaction
Authors: Constant Paul C 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe interrelation of client satisfaction with quality of service or product produced is brought out in the discussion on the importance to know whether a client (customer) is satisfied or dissatisfied with a company's (contractor's) service or product. Nine factors to be considered in determining client satisfaction or dissatisfaction are discussed. An algorithm is given for determining the client's figure of merit, which gives a means for prioritizing clients to be contacted. The nine factors are types of clients, which includes advantages and disadvantages of clients by class and contact comparisons; criteria for selection of clients to be contacted; the four types of contact and considerations for types to use; those to make the contact; when to contact client; contactor training topics; analysis of results of contact findings; documentation of contacts: and follow‐up and follow‐through activities. Items concerning the contact plan also are given as well as a sample plan. The paper closes with a set of inferred conclusions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Test article analyses in compliance with good laboratory practice in Japan: circumstances and changes
Authors: Namiki Harumi , Shigeta Tetsuya , Ino Yoshitaka , Kimura Kanzo , Inaba Katsutoshi , Kawasaki Sachio , Kitazaki Yasuhide , Imada Sumi 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn Japan, many test facilities have been inspected by the monitoring agency since 1984 and inspectors pointed out some issues for improvement. The interest in test article analyses in support of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)‐compliant studies has been rising for the last several years. This paper reports the advice and indications for improvement that were pointed out for test article analyses by the Japanese monitoring agency. In addition, the Japan Society of Quality Assurance (JSQA) conducted surveys using a questionnaire form in 2001 and 2004 in order to understand the present situation and the changes in Japanese test facilities that belong to the member companies of the GLP division of the JSQA. From the results of surveys, it was found that test article analyses have been performed under GLP, reflecting the requirements of the monitoring agency. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
What's New?
Authors: Hattemer‐Apostel Rita 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe What's New? section in the Quality Assurance Journal aims to draw attention to items of importance to QA professionals. There is usually a three‐month interval between final submission of manuscripts and distribution of the journal. For this issue, the entries in the What's New? section arise from the period of 1 September 2006 to 30 November 2006. If you feel that there is any other new information that should be brought to the attention of readers, please let us know by e‐mailing rha@verdandi.ch. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Testing equality of several functions: Analysis of single‐unit firing‐rate curves across multiple experimental conditions
Authors: Behseta Sam , Kass Robert E. , Moorman David E. , Olson Carl R. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractWe consider the problem of comparing noisy functions, here trial‐averaged neuronal firing‐rate curves, across multiple experimental conditions. Of interest are comparisons both within neurons and also among populations of individually recorded neurons. We propose likelihood ratio tests to perform comparisons either pointwise or globally over the entire experimental time. A simulation study of power demonstrates the strength of these tests even for moderate sample sizes. We implement these tests on a group of 233 neurons recorded from primate frontal oculomotor cortex, first, to screen for condition‐related differential activity and, second, to search for neurons displaying interesting time‐locked features that vary with condition. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
First‐event or marginal estimation of cause‐specific hazards for analysing correlated multivariate failure‐time data?
Authors: Tai Bee‐Choo , De Stavola Bianca L. , de Gruttola Victor , Gebski Val , Machin David 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn the analysis of multivariate failure‐time data, the effect of a treatment or an exposure on the
hazard of each failure type is sometimes evaluated using only the information on the first event that occurs in every individual, ignoring all events that follow. A Cox proportional hazards model may be fitted to such data, yielding a cause‐specific hazard ratio (HR) estimate of the exposure for each failure type conditional on surviving all other failure types. However, such an estimate would not fully utilize all the available information on event times. Alternatively, a marginal approach may be implemented to model the time distribution of each failure type beyond the subject's first failure to (any) second and later failures.We investigate the performance of these two approaches by simulating positive and negative correlated event times from exponential distributions. Surprisingly, our results suggest that the first‐event‐only method (when multiple failures are possible) performs as well as the marginal method in most practical situations. Generally, for a modest sample size of 400, it is possible to achieve at least 85 per cent coverage of the true marginal HR with the first‐event method. Although the coverage is poor for a correlation of 0.7 and beyond, such a high correlation between competing event times may be biologically rather implausible. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complete nonlinear response of reinforced concrete beams under cyclic loading
Authors: Bai Z. Z. , Au F. T. K. , Kwan A. K. H. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractComplete nonlinear analysis is carried out for cyclically loaded reinforced concrete (RC) beams made of normal‐ and high‐strength concrete. The loading stage covers not only the pre‐peak stage but also the post‐peak stage in particular. The analysis is based on a numerical method that employs the actual stress–strain curves and takes into account the stress‐path dependence of concrete and steel reinforcement. The complete nonlinear behavior of RC beams under both non‐reversed and reversed cyclic loading is studied based on the moment–curvature relationship obtained. Generally, the response under cyclic loading is found to be dependent on the loading path in bending. The variation of neutral axis depth is different for under‐ and over‐reinforced sections during cyclic loading. The Bauschinger effect of steel reinforcement is insignificant for non‐reversed cyclic loading but notable for reversed cyclic loading, especially when the loading extends into the post‐peak stage. The beneficial effects of concrete tension stiffening are only observed at the service stage and are more significant for under‐reinforced RC beams than over‐reinforced ones. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Decentralized sliding mode control of multistory buildings
Authors: Monajemi‐Nezhad S. , Rofooei F. R. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn the present paper, a decentralized control algorithm is considered for actively controlling the response of flexible tall building structures under earthquake excitations. Sliding mode control is used as a base control algorithm and a decentralized scheme of that is presented. In the proposed approach, the building is divided into several substructures and for each subsystem a separate local control algorithm is designed. The control algorithm consists of the sliding surface and the reaching law equations. A numerical example is used to demonstrate the efficiency of the control algorithm in guaranteeing the system's global stability under the effects of subsystem interconnections and earthquake excitations. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the Fixed Points of the Optimal Reward Operator in Stochastic Dynamic Programming with Discount Factor Greater than One
Authors: Hübner Gerhard 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIt is well‐known that in case of a discount factor β < 1 the optimal reward operator has a unique fixed point which equals the value of the infinite horizon problem. If β > 1 this is in general not true, but a fixed point may nevertheless exist. The existence of a unique fixed point is proved under some additional condition and a method of successive approximation is given. Applications of this algorithm and of policy iteration to estimates for values of the finite stage problems and for the turnpike planning horizon are discussed.
Eine verallgemeinerte Achsenausstrahlungslösung der Wellengleichung und die daraus resultierenden Überschallfelder
Authors: Wellmann J. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAus der Grundlösung der Wellengleichung und den homogenen Potentialen nullter Ordnung wird eine verallgemeinerte Ausstrahlungslösung, die auf der x‐Achse singulär ist und stromauf des Machkegels verschwindet, entwickelt. Diese Lösung enthält die Multipole und die analytische Darstellung kegelsymmetrischer Felder als Sonderfall. Sie ist deshalb geeignet, im Rahmen der linearen Überschalltheorie Strömungsfelder um relativ schlanke Körper mit nicht‐kreisförmigem Querschnitt und deren Nachlauffelder zu erzeugen.