bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Cisplatin‐Type Platinum Complexes and Their Cytotoxic Activity.
Authors: Cui Kai , Wang Lianhong , Zhu Haibin , Guo Shaohua , Liu Yun 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Keto‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles as Cathepsin K Inhibitors.
Authors: Palmer James T. , Hirschbein Bernard L. , Cheung Harry , McCarter John , Janc James W. , Yu Z. Walter , Wesolowski Gregg 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
1,3,5‐Trisubstituted Aryls as Highly Selective PPARδ Agonists.
Authors: Epple Robert , Azimioara Mihai , Russo Ross , Bursulaya Badry , Tian Shin‐Shay , Gerken Andrea , Iskandar Maya 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Influence of Mixed Ionic Electronic Conductivity in the Hydrogen Electrode Reaction in Solid State Electrochemical Cells
Authors: Holtappels P. , Verbraeken M. C. , Blank D. H. , Boukamp B. A. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Imidic Acids and Derivatives: C‐Heteroatomsubstituted Nitrones, Other Dipoles
Authors: Cordero F. M. , Cicchi S. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Applied Suzuki Cross‐Coupling Reaction for the Syntheses of Biologically Active Compounds
Authors: Dembitsky V. M. , Abu Ali H. , Srebnik M. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Thiocarboxylic Acids and Derivatives, α‐Substituted Sulfur Ylides
Authors: Aggarwal V. K. , Richardson J. , Winn C. L. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Recent Progress in Cobalt‐Mediated [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions
Authors: Gandon Vincent , Aubert Corinne , Malacria Max 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ruthenium Complexes with Chiral Tetradentate PNNP Ligands in Asymmetric Catalytic Atom Transfer Reactions
Authors: Bonaccorsi Cristina , Mezzetti Antonio 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Novel Strategy Towards Aminophosphonic Derivatives Based on the Diels—Alder Cycloaddition — Experimental and Theoretical Approaches
Authors: Robiette R. , Defacqz N. , Peeters D. , Marchand‐Brynaert J. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
1,2,4,5‐Tetraoxacycloalkanes : Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity
Authors: Masuyama A. , Wu J.‐M. , Nojima M. , Kim H.‐S. , Wataya Y. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Fullerene Organic Chemistry
Authors: Biglova Yu. N. , Sigaeva N. N. , Talipov R. F. , Monakov Yu. B. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Entry into Host Cells: Opportunities for Therapeutic Intervention
Authors: Yeung Kap‐Sun , Yamanaka Gregory A. , Meanwell Nicholas A. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Application of Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET) for Biomolecular Interaction Studies
Authors: Prinz Anke , Diskar Mandy , Herberg Friedrich W. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An interacting cognitive subsystems approach to personality disorder
Authors: Duff Simon , Kinderman Peter 
Published: August 2006

AbstractPersonality disorder is defined as an enduring pattern of problems with cognition, emotional regulation and behaviour. Personality disorder is a common problem, but also a serious challenge for mental health services. A theoretical psychological model of personality disorder that is based on a scientific understanding of the architecture of cognition would provide a logical basis for treatment and further study. This paper proposes that the interacting cognitive subsystems model of a distributed architecture for human cognition can provide a theoretical account of personality disorder. Two inherent aspects of the ICS model, ‘non‐discriminative processing’ and ‘interlock’, are discussed. Non‐discriminative processing occurs when novel material is recognized as discrepant with existing expectations, but does not lead to a modification of existing representational schemata. Interlock refers to a situation where the unchanged output of subsystem processing is used as the input for another subsystem in a feedback loop. It is hypothesized that these two processes, together with abnormal content of the implicational representational schema, can explain the rigidity and maladaptive nature of cognitive schemata that are themselves believed to lead to the clinical features of personality disorder. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interactions of dextran sulfates with granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor and their effects on leukemia cells
Authors: Liang Aiye , Zhou Xiaomian , Wang Qiuyan , Liu Xin , Qin Jianhua , Du Yuguang , Wang Keyi , Lin Bingcheng 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe interactions between granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) and dextran sulfate (DS) with different chain lengths and sulfate contents were studied by capillary zone electrophoresis. It was found that DS with a molecular mass of 500 kDa (DS500) could bind to G‐CSF and the binding constant and binding sites were determined using Scatchard plot to be 1.17×106 M−1 and 3, respectively. DS with a molecular mass of 40 kDa also had the affinity to G‐CSF and the binding constant and binding sties were 1.01×106 M−1 and 8, respectively. However, DS with a molecular mass of 8 kDa and the non‐sulfated saccharide, dextran, had no affinity to G‐CSF. The results indicate that the interactions between G‐CSF and DS are dependent on the chain lengths and sulfate contents of the saccharides. In addition, the effects of G‐CSF‐binding DS on a G‐CSF‐dependent leukemia cell line were investigated using biological methods. Results show that DS500 plus G‐CSF has potential therapeutic effect on cancers because their combination could inhibit the growth and induce the differentiation of the leukemia cells.
Study of SU‐8 to make a Ni master‐mold: Adhesion, sidewall profile, and removal
Authors: Kim Sung‐Jin , Yang Haesik , Kim Kyuwon , Lim Yong Taik , Pyo Hyeon‐Bong 
Published: August 2006

AbstractFor disposable microfluidic devices, easy and inexpensive fabrication is essential. Consequently, replication of microfluidic devices, using injection molding or hot embossing, from a master‐mold is widely used. However, the conventional master‐mold fabrication technique is unsatisfactory in terms of time and costs. In this regard, direct Ni growth (electroplating) from a back plate is promising when the photoresist is well‐defined. Here, we demonstrate the use of SU‐8 as a photoresist to define the Ni‐growth region. We accomplish this application by focusing on the adhesion, the sidewall profile, and the removal of SU‐8: the adhesion is enhanced by controlling the exposure dose, the soft‐baking time, and by choosing the adhesion‐promoting layer; the sidewall profile is regulated by selecting the intensity of each exposed wavelength, showing an aspect ratio of up to 20.9; and, easy removal is achieved by choosing a proper photoresist‐stripper. Using the master‐mold fabricated by this method, we test the mechanical stability of the features according to the aspect ratio and length; in the hot embossing process, the features are stable in the aspect ratio of up to 5.8 at a length of 200 µm. In addition, the plastic devices fabricated from this method are applied to the passive stop valves, showing a capillary pressure (−0.2 to −7.2 kPa).
Quantitative analysis of DNA‐protein interactions using double‐labeled native gel electrophoresis and fluorescence‐based imaging
Authors: Forwood Jade K. , Jans David A. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractWe have developed a sensitive, non‐radioactive method to assess the interaction of transcription factors/DNA‐binding proteins with DNA. We have modified the traditional radiolabeled DNA gel mobility shift assay to incorporate a DNA probe end‐labeled with a Texas‐red fluorophore and a DNA‐binding protein tagged with the green fluorescent protein to monitor precisely DNA‐protein complexation by native gel electrophoresis. We have applied this method to the DNA‐binding proteins telomere release factor‐1 and the sex‐determining region‐Y, demonstrating that the method is sensitive (able to detect 100 fmol of fluorescently labeled DNA), permits direct visualization of both the DNA probe and the DNA‐binding protein, and enables quantitative analysis of DNA and protein complexation, and thereby an estimation of the stoichiometry of protein‐DNA binding.
Effects of separation length and voltage on isoelectric focusing in a plastic microfluidic device
Authors: Das Champak , Fan Z. Hugh 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThis paper describes the investigation on the effects of separation length and voltage on IEF in a plastic microfluidic device. A LIF, whole‐channel imaging detection (WCID) system was developed to monitor proteins while they were moving under an electric field. IEF was carried out in a separation medium consisting of carrier ampholytes and a mixture of linear polymers (hydroxyethylcellulose and hydroxypropylcellulose). We found that the IEF separation resolution is essentially independent of separation length when the same voltage is applied, which agrees with the theory. This result supports the notion that IEF in a microfabricated device leads to more rapid analysis without sacrificing the resolving power. A higher separation voltage also brought about more rapid analysis and superior separation resolution. IEF of two proteins (green fluorescence protein and R‐phycoerythrin) was achieved in 1.5 min when 500 V was applied across a 1.9‐cm channel. We found that a linear relationship exists between the focusing time and the inverse of the electrical field strength. In addition, we confirmed the phenomenon in which the pH gradient was compressed to the middle of a channel, and we found that the relative amount of the gradient compression decreased with the channel length.
Surface plasmon resonance‐enabled mass spectrometry arrays
Authors: Nedelkov Dobrin , Tubbs Kemmons A. , Nelson Randall W. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractBiosensors that utilize surface plasmon resonance (SPR) as a method of detection of protein interactions can be used for selective separation of proteins prior to MS analysis. The combination of SPR and MS results in a unique multiplexed detection technology capable of both quantitative and qualitative protein analysis. To further the development of a high‐throughput SPR‐MS approach, the possibility of arraying binding ligands on SPR chips for affinity capture of proteins and their MS analysis was explored. Antibodies to β‐2‐microglobulin, cystatin C, transferrin, and insulin‐like growth factors I and II were arrayed on a large number of SPR chips. Human plasma samples were injected over the antibody array chips in an SPR Biosensor, after which on‐chip MS analysis was performed to detect the bound proteins. Signals from the targeted proteins were observed for each antibody‐derivatized chip, indicating successful antibody immobilization and protein capture. The SPR‐MS arrays are robust, highly reproducible, and are capable of high‐throughput analysis.
Online concentration and separation of basic proteins using a cationic polyelectrolyte in the presence of reversed electroosmotic flow
Authors: Yu Cheng‐Ju , Tseng Wei‐Lung 
Published: August 2006

AbstractWe report an online concentration and separation method for basic proteins using poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) solutions in the presence of reversed EOF. Using a capillary dynamically coated with 2% PDDA containing 0.1 M NaCl and filled with 1.2% PDDA under neutral conditions (10 mM phosphate, pH 7.0), we have demonstrated the separation of six basic proteins with peak efficiencies ranging from 175 000 to 616 000 plates/m and RSDs of migration time less than 0.4%. Additionally, high‐speed separation of six basic proteins (<7 min) was achieved using a short capillary filled with 0.6% PDDA solutions. Under injection of the large‐volume sample (210 nL), the LODs at S/N of 3 for basic proteins are down to nanomolar range. For example, the LOD for lysozyme is 1.2 nM, which is a 260‐fold sensitivity enhancement compared with conventional injection method. The proposed method has been applied to the stacking of lysozyme in human saliva samples. Without any pretreatment, we also demonstrated the capability of this method to detect low amounts of peptide samples through the stacking of tryptic peptide of myoglobin. The experimental results indicate that our proposed method has great potential for use in clinical diagnosis and proteomics applications.
Evaluation of reactivation test in anaesthetized dogs with experimental intoxication with nerve agents
Authors: Bajgar J. , Fusek J. , Bartosova L. , Jun D. , Kuca K. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractFollowing repeated antidotal treatment of anaesthetized dogs (1 min with atropine, 10 min with atropine and obidoxime, 60 min with atropine and obidoxime) after the intoxication with soman, sarin and VX (1 × LD50, i.m.), the blood cholinesterases (erythrocyte, whole blood, plasma) were monitored and their reactivatability (whole blood) was determined. During this treatment, the activities of erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE), plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) and whole blood cholinesterases were monitored. Atropine and obidoxime did not affect cholinesterase activities in control animals, whereas administration of obidoxime to dogs intoxicated with nerve agent caused an increase in the cholinesterase activities. The sensitivity of cholinesterases decreased in the order erythrocyte AChE > whole blood cholinesterases > plasma BuChE, respectively. Following sarin intoxication, blood cholinesterases were increased after the obidoxime administration. Intoxication with VX showed a similar picture but reactivation after the obidoxime administration was greater. In soman intoxication, the picture of cholinesterase changes was similar during the first 30 min of treatment. Then the increase in AChE activity following obidoxime administration was not as high as in the case of sarin and VX intoxication. Thus, the reactivation efficacy of obidoxime during nerve agent intoxication indicates that its repeated administration could be easily monitored using the reactivation test. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Historical shifts in the seed mineral micronutrient concentration of US hard red winter wheat germplasm
Authors: Garvin David F , Welch Ross M , Finley John W 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) has greatly improved through breeding, but it is not known how this has affected seed micronutrient content. In the present study, the iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and selenium (Se) content of seed of 14 US hard red winter wheat varieties from production eras spanning more than a century was measured. The seed that was analyzed was obtained from a replicated field trial conducted at two locations in Kansas. The Fe, Zn, and Cu content was obtained by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICPES) and Se content was obtained by hydride‐generated atomic absorption spectrometry (HG‐AAS). Significant effects of location on micronutrient content of seed were observed. Similarly, depending on the micronutrient, significant differences in seed micronutrient content between varieties were detected at one or both locations. A significant negative regression of seed Zn content on both yield and variety release date was observed at both locations, while seed Fe content exhibited a significant negative regression on yield and variety release date at one location. Regression of seed Se content on variety release date was significant and negative at one location. These results suggest that genetic gains in the yield of US hard red winter wheat have tended to reduce seed Fe, Zn, and Se concentrations. However, the extent to which this effect manifests itself is influenced by environmental effects. Published in 2006 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Low Conversion 4‐Acetoxystyrene Free‐Radical Polymerization Kinetics Determined by Pulsed‐Laser and Thermal Polymerization
Authors: Li Ning , Cho Andrew S. , Broadbelt Linda J. , Hutchinson Robin A. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractSummary: The free‐radical polymerization kinetics of 4‐acetoxystyrene (4‐AcOS) is studied over a wide temperature range. Pulsed‐laser polymerization, in combination with dual detector size‐exclusion chromatography, is used to measure kp, the propagation rate coefficient, between 20 and 110 °C. Values are roughly 50% higher than those of styrene, while the activation energy of 28.7 kJ · mol−1 is lower than that of styrene by 3–4 kJ · mol−1. With known kp, conversion and molecular weight data from 4‐AcOS thermal polymerizations conducted at 100, 140, and 170 °C are used to estimate termination and thermal initiation kinetics. The behavior is similar to that previously observed for styrene, with an activation energy of 90.4 kJ · mol−1 estimated for the third‐order thermal initiation mechanism.Joint confidence (95%) ellipsoids for the frequency factor A and the activation energy Ea from non‐linear fitting of kp data for 4‐AcOS (black) and styrene (grey).magnified imageJoint confidence (95%) ellipsoids for the frequency factor A and the activation energy Ea from non‐linear fitting of kp data for 4‐AcOS (black) and styrene (grey).
Interfacial Adhesion and Composite Viscoelasticity
Authors: Osman Maged A. , Atallah Ayman 
Published: August 2006

AbstractSummary: The viscoelastic properties of 30 vol.‐% composites of calcite, surface‐treated with fatty acids of different chain length, and polyethylene were studied. The alkyl chains decrease the surface energy of the particles and the adhesion between the polymer and the filler. The moduli of the composites decrease with decreasing interfacial adhesion. When the shear forces applied overcome the adhesion forces, interfacial slippage takes place. Terminal OH groups in the alkyl chains enhance the particles' agglomeration, leading to a solid‐like response in the low frequency region. The presence of a plateau in the log moduli versus log frequency plot can be due to local structures and is not necessarily an evidence of a percolating filler network.Steady shear viscosity (σ = 1 000 Pa) of 30 vol.‐% surface‐treated (different acids) CaCO3‐HDPE composites plotted as a function of the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chains of the coated monolayer. The dotted line is simply a guide to the eye.magnified imageSteady shear viscosity (σ = 1 000 Pa) of 30 vol.‐% surface‐treated (different acids) CaCO3‐HDPE composites plotted as a function of the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chains of the coated monolayer. The dotted line is simply a guide to the eye.
Step‐by‐Step Synthesis of Monodisperse Methacrylamidoalkyl Oligolactates
Authors: Rijcken Cristianne J. F. , Leemhuis Mark , Veldhuis Theo F. J. , Hennink Wim E. , van Nostrum Cornelus F. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractSummary: This paper describes the facile step‐by‐step synthesis to graft lactic acid or lactoyl lactate onto primary as well as secondary alcohol derivatives of methacrylamides via esterification. Elongation of the chains is achieved by repeating the coupling reactions with either hydroxyl‐protected monolactate or hydroxyl‐protected dilactate, followed by mild deprotection using tetrabutylammonium fluoride. This versatile synthesis route generates, on a multi‐gram scale, monodisperse oligolactates of predetermined lengths with functional end groups. The products can be used, for example, as building blocks for biodegradable polymeric materials.The synthesis of monodisperse oligo(lactic acids) with methacrylamide end groups and a predefined number of lactic acid units.magnified imageThe synthesis of monodisperse oligo(lactic acids) with methacrylamide end groups and a predefined number of lactic acid units.
Tumor cell specific toxicity of Inula helenium extracts
Authors: Dorn David C. , Alexenizer Maja , Hengstler Jan G. , Dorn August 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe aim of the research program was to identify botanical extracts with antineoplastic activity. In this respect extracts prepared from Inula helenium roots showed a remarkable activity. As evidenced by the MTT assay, the Inula helenium extract revealed a highly selective toxicity toward four different tumor cell lines (HT‐29, MCF‐7, Capan‐2 and G1), but a much lower toxicity against healthy human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from two donors. The extract‐induced death of tumor cells was studied extensively by electron microscopy. There was a remarkable similarity of morphological alterations observed in the four cell lines: patchy chromatin condensations, cytoplasmic vesiculation, swelling and rupture of mitochondria. The morphology of cellular breakdown bore more resemblance to necrotic than to apoptotic cell death, which was supported by the failure to mark early apoptotic events by Annexin V. It has been pointed out recently that compounds inducing cell death with necrotic‐like morphology could be very beneficial in cases where cancerous cells have gained resistance to apoptosis. In this context, the remarkable difference in cytotoxicity exerted by the Inula helenium extract, which was over 100‐times higher in the tumor cell lines than in the PBLs, makes the extract an excellent candidate for further anticancerous investigations, especially since the Inula helenium extract was not mutagenic in the Ames test. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.