bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Application of Heterocyclic Diazonium Salts: Synthesis of New Pyrazolo[3,4‐d][1,2,3]triazin‐4‐ones
Authors: Moyano Elizabeth L. , Colomer Juan Pablo , Yranzo Gloria I. 
Published: May 2008

Abstract7‐Substituted 3,7‐dihydro‐4H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐d][1,2,3]triazin‐4‐ones 2a–d were conveniently prepared by direct diazotization of 5‐aminopyrazole‐4‐carbonitriles 1a–d in HCl media. Different reaction conditions and the effects of substituents on N‐1 of the pyrazole ring were studied. A possible mechanistic exlpanation of the observed process is proposed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
A partitioned coupling approach for dynamic fluid–structure interaction with applications to biological membranes
Authors: Wood C. , Gil A. J. , Hassan O. , Bonet J. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis paper presents a fully coupled three‐dimensional solver for the analysis of time‐dependent fluid–structure interaction. A partitioned time‐marching algorithm is employed for the solution to the time‐dependent coupled discretized problem, thus enabling the use of highly developed, robust and well‐tested solvers for each field. Coupling of the fields is achieved through a conservative transfer of information at the fluid–structure interface. An implicit coupling is achieved when the solutions to the fluid and structure subproblems are cycled at each time step until convergence is reached. The three‐dimensional unsteady incompressible fluid is solved using a powerful implicit dual time‐stepping technique with an explicit multistage Runga–Kutta time stepping in pseudo‐time and arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian formulation for the moving boundaries. A finite element dynamic analysis of the highly deformable structure is carried out with a numerical strategy combining the implicit Newmark time integration algorithm with a Newton–Raphson second‐order optimization method. Various test cases are presented for benchmarking and to demonstrate the potential applications of this method. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Depressive symptoms combined with dementia affect 12‐months survival in elderly patients after rehabilitation post‐hip fracture surgery
Authors: Bellelli Giuseppe , Frisoni Giovanni B. , Turco Renato , Trabucchi Marco 
Published: May 2008

AbstractObjectivesTo assess whether the association of depression and dementia affects 12‐month survival of elderly patients after rehabilitation post‐hip fracture (HF) surgery.MethodsTwo hundred eleven inpatients admitted to a Rehabilitation and Aged Care Unit (RACU) following surgery for HF were screened for depression with the 15‐item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and stratified into four groups according to dementia (n = 40), depressive symptoms (n = 54, GDS score > 7/15), both (n = 27), and neither conditions (n = 90). The 12‐months survival after discharge was assessed among groups with Kaplan Meyer analysis and compared with Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusted for covariates. Subjects with neither depression nor dementia were the reference group.ResultsSurvival of patients with depression and dementia was significantly lower than the other 3 groups: after adjustment for age, gender, comorbidity (Charlson Index), use of antidepressants, and Barthel Index at discharge, their Hazard Ratio (HR) was 8.7 (95% CI 1.5–48.5; p = 0.01); in the same Cox regression model, the HR of patients with dementia alone was 3.4 (95% CI 0.5–24.0; p = 0.20) while the HR of patients with depressive symptoms but no dementia was 5.0 (95% CI 0.8–28.3; p = 0.07).ConclusionsThe co‐occurrence of depression and dementia significantly increases the 12‐months risk of dying in elderly patients after rehabilitation post‐HF surgery. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Care management for depression and osteoarthritis pain in older primary care patients: a pilot study
Authors: Unützer Jürgen , Hantke Melinda , Powers Diane , Higa Lori , Lin Elizabeth , D. Vannoy Steven , Thielke Stephen , Fan Ming‐Yu 
Published: May 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo establish the feasibility of and to generate preliminary evidence for the efficacy of a care management program addressing both physical and emotional pain associated with late‐life depression and osteoarthritis.MethodsTreatment development pilot study in three university affiliated primary care clinics. Participants were patients 60 years or older with depression and osteoarthritis pain. The intervention entailed a nurse administered care management program supporting depression and arthritis treatment by primary care physicians. Outcomes include depression, pain severity and functional impairment from pain assessed at baseline and 6 months.ResultsFourteen patients participated in the pilot program. Between baseline and 6 months, mean HSCL‐20 depression scores dropped from 1.78 (SD 0.56) to 1.06 (SD 0.59), a standardized effect size of 1.27 (p = 0.004). Pain intensity scores dropped from 5.67 (SD 1.69) to 4.18 (SD 1.98), an effect size of 0.88 (p = 0.021) and pain interference scores dropped from 4.91 (SD 1.75) to 3.49 (SD 2.14), an effect size of 0.81 (p = 0.013). Patients also experienced improvements in self efficacy, in satisfaction with depression care, and in timed 8‐m walk and transfer tests.ConclusionThe combined intervention was feasible and well‐received by patients. Preliminary outcomes are promising and comparisons to an earlier trial of care management for depression alone suggest that the combined program may be equally effective for depression but more effective for pain. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Terpenoids from Two Dicranopteris Species
Authors: Li Xiao‐Li , Tu Lin , Zhao Yu , Peng Li‐Yan , Xu Gang , Cheng Xiao , Zhao Qin‐Shi 
Published: May 2008

AbstractTwo new compounds, (6S,13S)‐6‐{[β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl]oxy}cleroda‐3,14‐dien‐13‐ol (1) and kadsuric acid 3‐methyl ester (2), together with nine known compounds, (6S,13E)‐6‐{[β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl]oxy}cleroda‐3,13‐dien‐15‐ol (3), (6S,13S)‐6‐[6‐O‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl]oxy}‐13‐{[α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐D‐fucopyranosyl]oxy}cleroda‐3,14‐diene (4), (6S,13S)‐6‐{[6‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl]oxy}‐13‐{[α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐D‐fucopyranosyl]oxy}cleroda‐3,14‐diene (5), 15‐hydroxydehydroabietic acid (6), 15‐hydroxylabd‐8(17)‐en‐19‐oic acid (7), junicedric acid (8), (4β)‐kaur‐16‐en‐18‐oic acid (9), (4β)‐16‐hydroxykauran‐18‐oic acid (10), and (4β,16β)‐16‐hydroxykauran‐18‐oic acid (11) were isolated from the fronds of Dicranopteris linearis or D. ampla. Their structures were established by extensive 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectroscopy. Compounds 1 and 3–8 showed no anti‐HIV activities.
Sesquiterpenoids from the Resinous Exudates of Commiphora opobalsamum (Burseraceae)
Authors: Shen Tao , Wan Wen‐Zhu , Wang Xiao‐Ning , Sun Ling‐Mei , Yuan Hui‐Qing , Wang Xiao‐Ling , Ji Mei , Lou Hong‐Xiang 
Published: May 2008

AbstractPhytochemical investigation of the exudates of Commiphora opobalsamum led to the isolation of three new sesquiterpenoids, 2α‐methoxy‐6‐oxogermacra‐1(10),7(11)‐dien‐8,12‐olide (1), 5β‐10α‐hydroxy‐2α‐methoxy‐6‐oxoguaia‐7(11),8‐dien‐8,12‐olide (2), and furanocadina‐1(10),6,8‐triene‐4‐ol (3), together with six known compounds. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods.
Deracemization of a Macrocyclic 1,1′‐Biisoquinoline
Authors: Dyker Gerald , Stirner Wolfgang , Henkel Gerald , Schreiner Peter R. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe macrocyclic biisoquinoline 14 was synthesized in just four preparative steps starting from the simple biscarboxaldehyde 8. The interaction with camphorsulfonic acid induces an acid‐catalyzed partial deracemization.
Eight New Cucurbitane Glycosides, Kuguaglycosides A – H, from the Root of Momordica charantia L.
Authors: Chen Jian‐Chao , Lu Lu , Zhang Xian‐Ming , Zhou Lin , Li Zhong‐Rong , Qiu Ming‐Hua 
Published: May 2008

AbstractEight new cucurbitane glycosides, kuguaglycosides A–H (1–8, resp.), together with five known analogues, 3β,23‐dihydroxycucurbita‐5,24‐dien‐7β‐yl β‐D‐glucopyranoside (9), karaviloside III (10), karaviloside V (11), karaviloside XI (12), and momordicoside K (13), were isolated from the root of Momordica charantia L. The structures of the new compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical methods.
New Indole Alkaloids from Kopsia. Alkaloid Variation in Kopsia singapurensis
Authors: Subramaniam G. , Kam Toh‐Seok 
Published: May 2008

AbstractFive new indole alkaloids, viz., kopsiloscine G (2), kopsidarine (4), kopsimaline F (6), kopsidine C N‐oxide (7), and aspidophylline B (9), in addition to 17 other known alkaloids, were obtained from the leaf and stem‐bark extract of the Malaysian Kopsia singapurensis. The structures were determined by using NMR and MS analysis. The results are compared with the alkaloidal composition of another sample of K. singapurensis, collected from the same location but at a different time of the year, as well as with other samples of K. singapurensis collected from different locations.
New Biphenyl Constituents from Garcinia oblongifolia
Authors: Wu Xu , Ke Chang‐Qiang , Yang Yi‐Ping , Ye Yang 
Published: May 2008

AbstractFour new biphenyl derivatives, oblongifoliagarcinines A–D (1–4), were isolated on the chemical investigation of the stems and leaves of Garcinia oblongifolia. The structures of 1–4 were established on the basis of 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR and other spectroscopic analyses.
Cytotoxic Diterpenes from the Root Tuber of Curcuma wenyujin
Authors: Huang Wei , Zhang Peng , Jin Ye‐Cheng , Shi Qiang , Cheng Yi‐Yu , Qu Hai‐Bin , Ma Zhong‐Jun 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBioassay‐guided fractionation of ethanolic extract from the root tuber of Curcuma wenyujin afforded three new diterpenes, curcumrinols A–C (1–3), where 2 is the (14S)‐epimer of 1. The structures of 1–3 were established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, mainly NMR and MS. 1–3 were tested in vitro for their cytotoxic activity against the HL‐60 and K562 cancer cells. Among the compounds tested, 1 exhibited medium cytotoxicity against K‐562 and HL60 human cancer cells with IC50 values of 11.2 and 3.2 μg/ml, respectively. However, 2 showed only weak activity against the above cancers cells, which suggested that C(14) may be an important position for cytotoxic activity.
Efficient Synthesis of 14C‐Labeled 1H‐Pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine and Related [4.3.0]‐Bicyclic Pyrimidino Systems
Authors: Ho Jonathan Z. , Van Arsdale Kyle R. , Braun Matthew P. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn support of a research program aimed at discovering purine‐related anticancer drug candidates, a method for the 14C‐labeling of pyrazolopyrimidines utilizing the readily available labeled starting material, sodium [14C]formate, has been developed with a good overall yield. This new method was proven to be general in the preparation of other related [4.3.0]heterocycles containing N, O, and S atoms. A concise synthesis of a model compound, 8‐aza‐7‐deaza‐5′‐[14C]noraristeromycin, was achieved utilizing this methodology as a key step.
Baimantuoluolines D – F, Three New Withanolides from the Flower of Datura metel L.
Authors: Yang Bingyou , Wang Qiuhong , Xia Yonggang , Feng Weisheng , Kuang Haixue 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThree new withanolide compounds, named baimantuoluolines D–F, along with three known withanolides and a lignan were isolated from the flower of Datura metel L., the parts effective against psoriasis. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated as (5α,6β,12β,20R,22R,24R,25S)‐21,24‐epoxy‐5,6,12‐trihydroxy‐27‐methoxy‐1‐oxowith‐2‐enolide (1), (5α,6β,12β,20R,22R,24R,25S)‐21,24‐epoxy‐5,6,12,27‐tetrahydroxy‐1‐oxowith‐2‐enolide (2), and (5α,6β,12β,22R)‐5,6,12,21‐tetrahydroxy‐1‐oxowith‐24‐enolide(3) on the basis of physicochemical evidence.
Epigenetic transcriptional gene silencing in Entamoeba histolytica
Authors: Mirelman David , Anbar Michael , Bracha Rivka 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe human intestinal pathogen Entamoeba histolytica has a number of virulence factors which can cause damage to the host. Transcriptional silencing of the gene coding for one of its major toxic molecules, the amoebapore (Ehap‐a), occurred following the transfection of amoebic trophozoites with a plasmid containing the 5′ promoter region of Ehap‐a as well as a truncated segment of a neighboring, upstream SINE1 element that is transcribed from the opposite strand. Silencing was dependent on the presence of the truncated SINE1 sequences. Small amounts of short (∼140 n), ssRNA molecules with homology to SINE1 were detected in the silenced amoeba but no siRNA. The silenced Ehap‐a gene domain had a chromatin modification indicating transcriptional inactivation without any DNA methylation. Removal of the plasmid did not restore transcription of Ehap‐a. Transcription analysis by microarrays revealed that a number of additional genes were silenced and some were also up‐regulated. Transfections of amoeba which already had a silenced Ehap‐a, with a plasmid containing a second gene ligated to the 5′ upstream region of Ehap‐a, enabled the silencing, in‐trans, of other genes of choice. The nonvirulent phenotype of the gene‐silenced amoeba was demonstrated in various assays and the results suggest that they may have a potential use for vaccination. © 2008 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 60(9): 598–604, 2008
Dichloroacetate‐induced modulation of cellular antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione level in the J774A.1 cells
Authors: Hassoun Ezdihar A. , Mehta Jatin 
Published: May 2008

AbstractDichloroacetate (DCA) is used for different medical and industrial purposes and has been found to be a toxic by‐product produced during the process of water chlorination. The DCA effects on superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) activities and glutathione (GSH) level were assessed and correlated with each other and also with cellular viabilities in J774A.1 macrophage cells. A concentration of 24 mm of DCA resulted in time‐dependent decreases in cellular viability and glutathione level, and time‐dependent increases in SOD activity when incubated with the cells for 24–48 h. DCA also resulted in significant increases in CAT and GSH‐Px activities of the viable cells when incubated with the cells for 36 and 48 h. The changes in antioxidant enzyme activities and GSH levels were found to be strongly correlated with each other, and with cellular viabilities at different time points. While GSH did not result in any significant effects when added to the cells at concentrations ranging between 15 and 60 nmol ml−1, it resulted in concentration‐dependent increases in cellular viability when added to the DCA‐treated cells, with maximal effects achieved at 45–60 nmol GSH ml−1. However, cellular viability of the GSH + DCA treated cells remained below that of the control. Since viable cells from the DCA‐treated cultures displayed significantly higher antioxidant enzyme activities compared with the control, it is concluded that those increases may have contributed to the cellular protection against DCA‐induced cell death. Also, glutathione depletion has a major contribution to the observed cellular death induced by DCA. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of an aliphatic spacer group on the adsorption mechanism of phosphonodipeptides containing N‐terminal glycine on the colloidal silver surface
Authors: Podstawka Edyta , Kafarski Paweł , Proniewicz Leonard M. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis study presents the complete solid‐state vibrational assignments for a series of five zwitterionic phosphonodipeptides containing an N‐terminal glycine: L‐Gly‐L‐CH(Me)‐PO3H2 (G1), L‐Gly‐C(Me,Me)‐PO3H2 (G2), L‐Gly‐L‐CH(Et)‐PO3H2 (G3), L‐Gly‐C(Me,Et)‐PO3H2 (G4), and L‐Gly‐L‐CH(iBu)‐PO3H2 (G5). The assignments are based primarily on Fourier‐transform Raman spectra (FT‐RS) and Fourier‐transform infrared spectra (FT‐IR) spectra, as well as density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP; 6‐31 + + G** level of theory. Existing literature data are also taken into consideration. The surface geometry of these molecules on a colloidal silver surface was also determined by observing the wavenumber, width, and relative intensity changes of enhanced bands in their surface‐enhanced Raman scattering spectra. It is proposed that G1 mainly adsorbs onto the colloidal silver particles through the phosphonate terminus, whereas the PO bond in G3 and G5 assists in the interaction of these molecules with the silver surface. G3 interacts with Ag mainly via α‐methlyalanine and the amide bond. It is also shown that the amide bond and glycine backbone are involved in the adsorption of G3 on the silver nanoparticles. In addition, the differences recorded for G4 and G5 SERS spectra are mainly due to interactions between the silver surface and the amine group and N‐ and P‐terminus, respectively, and are manifestations of the characteristic vibrations of these groups. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Growth and nutrient uptake of tea under different aluminium concentrations
Authors: Fung Ka Fai , Carr Hilda Premi , Zhang Jianhua , Wong Ming Hung 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: The uptake of essential nutrients such as P, Fe, K, Ca and Mg is depressed by Al in most plants. This study aimed to investigate the concentrations at which Al could be toxic to C. sinensis. The suppression of nutrient uptake was investigated by comparing growth and nutrient uptake at different Al doses. The quantification of Al in apoplasm, symplasm and cell wall of C. sinensis was also studied.RESULTS: In the absence of Al, the growth of C. sinensis was retarded. Test doses over 1 mM Al were toxic to C. sinensis. At concentrations of 0.25 or 0.5 mM, distinct rhizostimulation was noted, and within a short period (2 weeks), the biomass of these seedlings increased by 44 and 35%, respectively, compared to 0 and 14% in control and 1 mM Al, respectively. In general, at beneficial doses (0.25, 0.5), Al stimulated the uptake of Ca, Mg, K and Mn, whereas the uptake of Fe, Cu and Zn was retarded. Fine roots of the seedlings had the highest levels of Al, compared to leaves, branches and main roots. In the root tips, most of the Al was present in the soluble fractions of the apoplasm and symplasm, and very low levels of Al was bound to the cell walls, which was in good agreement with the observed mobility of Al in C. sinensis.CONCLUSION: The results of the present study support the view that Al plays a nutritive role for C. sinensis. The rhizostimulatory effects of Al on C. sinensis have been explained as a consequence of enhanced nutrient uptake. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Intensity‐modulated radiation therapy
Authors: Lee N.Y. , Terezakis S.A. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIntensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has found widespread use in the treatment of head and neck cancers. This technology allows for conformal dose distributions around a tumor target while a rapid dose fall‐off spares surrounding critical structures. The properties of IMRT are particularly suited for treating head and neck cancers due to the close proximity of dose‐limiting normal tissues allowing for potential dose escalation. Further studies are ongoing to investigate long‐term clinical outcomes and toxicity. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:691–696. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sentinel node biopsy for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Civantos Francisco , Zitsch Robert , Bared Anthony , Amin Ayman 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe clinical utility of sentinel node biopsy for melanoma has led multiple investigators to apply this approach to other cutaneous malignancies as well as to early cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract. Data are most extensive for oral cancer. A multi‐institutional pathologic validation trial for selected oral cancers provided negative predictive values of 96%. Subsequent trials should document clinical follow‐up. This technique may ultimately play a wider role in the management of mucosal cancers. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:683–690. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Endoscopic skull base surgery: Principles of endonasal oncological surgery
Authors: Snyderman Carl H. , Carrau Ricardo L. , Kassam Amin B. , Zanation Adam , Prevedello Daniel , Gardner Paul , Mintz Arlan 
Published: May 2008

AbstractEndoscopic endonasal surgery can be applied to the management of benign and malignant sinonasal neoplasms with good results. For tumors that involve the skull base, an endoscopic “craniofacial resection” can be performed with en bloc excision of the involved dura. Preliminary experience with completely endoscopic excision of olfactory neuroblastomas indicates good local control and few complications. Advantages of endoscopic endonasal surgery include improved visualization and decreased morbidity compared to traditional approaches. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:658–664. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
New directions in head and neck imaging
Authors: Shah Gaurang V. , Wesolowski Jeffery R. , Ansari Sameer A. , Mukherji Suresh K. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractComputerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET) and the hybrid modality of PET/CT are sensitive and reliable tools for detection and staging of head and neck cancers. This article describes the role of PET/CT in initial staging of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, the utility of CT/MR perfusion imaging in qualitative analysis of tumor tissue, and the usefulness of diffusion weighted MR and dynamic contrast‐enhanced MR imaging in head and neck oncological imaging. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:644–648. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reversible skeletal changes after treatment with bevacizumab in a child with cutaneovisceral angiomatosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome
Authors: Smith Angela R. , Hennessy Jane M. , Kurth Margaret A. Heisel , Nelson Stephen C. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractCutaneovisceral angiomatosis with thrombocytopenia (CAT) syndrome is a rare vascular disorder of the skin and gastrointestinal tract for which there is no standard treatment. We present a case in which a child with CAT syndrome was treated with bevacizumab, a vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor, and subsequently developed asymptomatic metaphyseal bone lesions. Though not previously described as a side effect, we hypothesize that the use of bevacizumab in a child with active epiphyseal growth plates caused these radiographic lesions. Because of the potential for altered bone growth and metabolism, children receiving VEGF inhibitors should be monitored closely for bony toxicity. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51:418–420. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.