bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐propulsion of oscillating wings in incompressible flow
Authors: Carabineanu A. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we show that the oscillatory motion of an airfoil (wing) in an ideal fluid can determine the apparition of thrust. In the framework of the linearized perturbation theory, the pressure jump over the oscillating wing is the solution of a two‐dimensional hypersingular integral equation. Using appropriate quadrature formulas, we discretize the oscillatory lifting surface integral equation in order to obtain the jump of the pressure across the surface. Integrating numerically, we obtain the drag coefficient. For some oscillatory motions, if the frequency of the oscillations surpasses a certain value, the drag coefficient becomes negative, i.e. there appears a propulsive force. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Social capital and its relationship with measures of health status: evidence from the Health Survey for England 2003
Authors: Petrou Stavros , Kupek Emil 
Published: May 2007

AbstractSocial capital is a concept that attempts to describe the quantity and quality of social interactions in a community. This study explores the relationship between individual measures of social capital and alternative measures of health status within the context of a large national survey of population health. Using data for 13 753 adult participants in the 2003 Health Survey for England, linear regression with weighted least‐squares estimation and Tobit regression with upper censoring were used to model the relationship between individual measures of social capital and EQ‐5D utility scores. In addition, logistic regression was used to model the relationship between individual measures of social capital and a dichotomous self‐reported health status variable. The study demonstrated that low stocks of social capital across the domains of trust and reciprocity, perceived social support and civic participation are significantly associated with poor measures of health status. The implications for health economists and, potentially, for policymakers are discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phase II study of CLAD (cyclophosphamide, liposomal doxorubicin and dexamethasone) in patients with advanced multiple myeloma and historical comparison to CAD (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and dexamethasone)
Authors: Hütter G. , Szélenyi H. , Schmittel A. , Siehl J. M. , Thiel E. , Keilholz U. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in combination with cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (CLAD). In this prospective open‐label phase II study, 60 patients with advanced multiple myeloma (MM) received three weekly cycles of CLAD, consisting of cyclophosphamide 200mg/m2 i.v. d1‐4, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin 20 mg/m2 i.v. d1 and dexamethasone 40 mg p.o. d1‐4 for a maximum of six cycles in absence of disease progression. Efficacy and toxicity was compared to our immediate historical cohort of 46 patients treated with cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone and conventional doxorubicin (CAD). A total of 239 cycles of CLAD and 209 cycles of CAD, respectively, were given. The objective response rate was 71% (CLAD) and 74% (CAD). Non‐cumulative hematological toxicity was predominant in both regimens. It was found that CLAD is an active and well‐tolerated treatment regimen for MM. Response rate is comparable to other anthracycline containing regimens like CAD with an advantage in hematological toxicity and lower infectious complications, and a presumed advantage of lower cardiotoxicity. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Managing cross‐national and intra‐national diversity
Authors: Tung Rosalie L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractOrganizations have to contend with growing diversity in their managerial and professional ranks, both cross‐nationally and intranationally. This article examines the similarities and differences in processes and dynamics of managing diversity in cross‐national and intranational contexts. Similarities include the acculturation process and the styles and patterns of communication. Differences revolve around legislation, magnitude, and time horizon. Training programs designed to raise consciousness/awareness and to improve communication competency are presented. The implications for human resource management practices are then discussed. © 1993 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Strategic management of worker health, safety, and environmental issues in Mexico's Maquiladora industry
Authors: Butler Mark C. , Teagarden Mary B. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractConflict arising from differences in business practices, standards, values, and norms guiding behavior are inherent in international business. These conflicts are evident in Mexico's maquiladora industry, particularly relating to issues of worker health, safety, and environment. This article extends a model of conflict management; illustrates the model's dimensions with case study examples; discusses strategic human resource management implications of the model's various outcomes; offers recommendations for managing worker health, safety, and environment issues; and identifies directions for future research. © 1993 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A clean process for the production of oxygenated limonene derivatives starting from orange oil
Authors: Arizaga Beatriz , de Leon Andrea , Burgueño Natalia , López Alejandro , Paz Daniel , Martínez Natalia , Lorenzo Daniel , Dellacassa Eduardo , Bussi Juan 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe production of several oxygenated derivatives of limonene was carried out by using orange oil and molecular oxygen as the sole initial reactants under solvent‐free conditions. Palladium–copper supported on carbon and hydrotalcite‐like compounds displayed good catalytic properties to accelerate autoxidation reactions of limonene yielding a mixture of the different oxygenated derivatives, mainly 1,2‐ and 8,9‐epoxylimonene, 1,2,8,9‐diepoxylimonene, carveol and carvone. Palladium supported on copper–magnesium–aluminium hydrotalcite displayed the best properties due to its higher catalytic activity and lifetime. The pelletized form of these catalysts can be easily recovered and reused. A reactor design combining recirculation and oxygen bubbling through a catalytic bed of the pelletized catalyst produced the highest reaction rate. Vacuum distillation of the final product mixture allowed easy separation of the 1,2/8,9‐limonene epoxides. The other required compounds, mainly carveol and carvone, were not completely separated and remained together with the other oxygenated products, such as the di‐epoxylimonene isomers. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Enhanced neuronal differentiation in a three‐dimensional collagen‐hyaluronan matrix
Authors: Brännvall K. , Bergman K. , Wallenquist U. , Svahn S. , Bowden T. , Hilborn J. , Forsberg‐Nilsson K. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEfficient 3D cell systems for neuronal induction are needed for future use in tissue regeneration. In this study, we have characterized the ability of neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PC) to survive, proliferate, and differentiate in a collagen type I‐hyaluronan scaffold. Embryonic, postnatal, and adult NS/PC were seeded in the present 3D scaffold and cultured in medium containing epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor‐2, a condition that stimulates NS/PC proliferation. Progenitor cells from the embryonic brain had the highest proliferation rate, and adult cells the lowest, indicating a difference in mitogenic responsiveness. NS/PC from postnatal stages down‐regulated nestin expression more rapidly than both embryonic and adult NS/PC, indicating a faster differentiation process. After 6 days of differentiation in the 3D scaffold, NS/PC from the postnatal brain had generated up to 70% neurons, compared with 14% in 2D. NS/PC from other ages gave rise to approximately the same proportion of neurons in 3D as in 2D (9–26% depending on the source for NS/PC). In the postnatal NS/PC cultures, the majority of βIII‐tubulin‐positive cells expressed glutamate, γ‐aminobutyric acid, and synapsin I after 11 days of differentiation, indicating differentiation to mature neurons. Here we report that postnatal NS/PC survive, proliferate, and efficiently form synapsin I‐positive neurons in a biocompatible hydrogel. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Relationship between the tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean sea‐surface temperature and monthly precipitation over the central highlands, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Tinh Dang , Uvo Cintia , Rosbjerg Dan 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe relationship between monthly sea‐surface temperature (SST) in the tropical Pacific and the Indian Ocean and monthly precipitation over the Vietnamese central highlands (VCH) has been investigated by means of singular value decomposition. The seasonal variation of SST plays a critical role in the onset of the monsoon season and convective rain band movement in the inter‐tropical convergence zone.The relationships between precipitation and SST in both oceans vary significantly through the rainy season. In April, ENSO is strongly correlated with precipitation over the VCH, while the Indian Ocean SST only shows a significant correlation with precipitation in the northern VCH. In May, there is no significant relationship between precipitation and SST in either of the oceans. In June, precipitation over the VCH is negatively correlated with the northern Indian Ocean and the southern Pacific SST. Through July to September, no significant relationships were found between the Indian Ocean SST and precipitation patterns. The equatorial central to the eastern Pacific SST, in turn, is positively correlated with precipitation in a small area from the north to the south of the VCH. In October, precipitation over the VCH is strongly related to ENSO and positively correlated with the equatorial eastern Indian Ocean SST. For November, the north‐western Pacific as well as the equatorial eastern Indian Ocean SST is positively and strongly correlated with precipitation over the VCH.Lag‐time analyses demonstrate a potential link between the Pacific SST and monthly precipitation patterns through the rainy season from one to three months in advance, and between the Indian Ocean SST and monthly precipitation patterns in October and November from one to two months in advance. The analysed results provide a strong basis for a predictive scheme, but further analysis of skill levels needs to be developed. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society
Wheat quality in organic and conventional farming: results of a 21 year field experiment
Authors: Mäder Paul , Hahn Diana , Dubois David , Gunst Lucie , Alföldi Thomas , Bergmann Hans , Oehme Michael , Amadò Renato , Schneider Hanna , Graf Ursula , Velimirov Alberta , Fließbach Andreas , Niggli Urs 
Published: May 2007

AbstractConsumers have become more aware of healthy and safe food produced with low environmental impact. Organic agriculture is of particular interest in this respect, as manifested by 5.768 million hectares managed pursuant to Council Regulation (EEC) 2092/91 in Europe. However, there can be a considerable risk that the avoidance of chemical inputs in organic farming will result in poor food quality. Here the results of a study on the quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in a 21 year agrosystem comparison between organic and conventional farming in central Europe are reported. Wheat was grown in a ley (grass/clover) rotation. The 71% lower addition of plant‐available nitrogen and the reduced input of other means of production to the organic field plots led to 14% lower wheat yields. However, nutritional value (protein content, amino acid composition and mineral and trace element contents) and baking quality were not affected by the farming systems. Despite exclusion of fungicides from the organic production systems, the quantities of mycotoxins detected in wheat grains were low in all systems and did not differ. In food preference tests, as an integrative method, rats significantly preferred organically over conventionally produced wheat. The findings indicate that high wheat quality in organic farming is achievable by lower inputs, thereby safeguarding natural resources. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Evaluation on synergistic antioxidation of methylene dibutyldithiocarbamate with tolutriazole derivative
Authors: Hu Jian‐Qiang , Hu Yi‐Qin , Du Zhan‐He , Ma Yu‐Hong , Yao Jun‐Bing 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe antioxidation properties of methylene bis(di‐n‐butyldithiocarbamate) (V 7723)‐ and tolutriazole derivative (V 887)‐containing poly‐α‐olefin (PAO)‐derived lubricants were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and modified penn state micro‐oxidation test (PMOT). The DSC test measured the onset temperature (OT) and induction time (IT) of the lubricant at high temperatures, and oxidation stability of oil by weight loss was measured by the PMOT. The DSC test showed that the OT and IT of V 7723‐containing PAO were improved significantly by the addition of V 887. The PMOT indicated that when combined with V 7723 antioxidants, V 887 could also effectively reduce the increase in the weight loss of PAO. These results suggested that the V 887 showed a good oxidative synergism with the V 7723 antioxidant. In addition, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) results from the PMOT confirmed that the addition of V 887 could significantly enhance the oxidation IT of oils and inhibit the formation of oxidation products containing carbonyl bonds or hydroxyl group. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Isoviscous flow past a rigid sphere partially immersed in a thin oil film
Authors: Chan R. T. P. , Martinez‐Botas R. F. , Gohar R. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractNumerical solutions to steady state circular contact elastohydrodynamic lubrication problems normally employ Reynolds equation, forcing the assumption that the flow through the conjunction is two‐dimensional and single‐phase. In this paper, the full Navier–Stokes equations are used on a simpler rigid isoviscous sliding point contact.The aim of the study was to compute the lubricant flow patterns through and around the conjunction of a point contact when the oil inlet is a free surface that has a similar wavy shape to the wake. This model is like some seen experimentally in a ball and plate machine or industrially in a radial ball bearing with insufficient lubricant supply.There is first a discussion on the alteration with time of the oil wake geometry after it has left the conjunction.Then, the computed results mapped the areas of varying concentration between oil and air. They showed an accumulation of oil and vapour forming a reservoir at the inlet to the conjunction. Within it was a vortex attached to the stationary surface, just downstream of which, the main pressure distribution commences.The computed flow patterns were compared with experimental pictures wherever possible. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Problems in the development and use of managerial financial models
Authors: Holland J. B. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn this paper the author identifies two related problems in financial modelling. First, the problem of implementing financial decision theory in practical decision situations and, second, the need to develop existing managerial financial models. A discussion of organization decision processes indicates possible reasons for the relative failure of management science and financial theory based models in practice and the predominance of accounting based models. This analysis of strategic decision processes suggests key design features for the implementation of financial models. Finally, research orientated models designed using these guidelines are seen as appropriate media for the transfer of knowledge between financial decision theory and financial practice. This is seen as providing a tentative basis for the development of managerial financial models. Throughout the paper the author uses examples from his own experience in model building in instalment credit, and leasing financial intermediaries, i.e. “Finance Houses”.
Advertising and the profitability of leading and following firms
Authors: Hirschey Mark 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis study finds a significant positive effect of advertising on profit rates for both leading, large following and small following firms in US industry. This finding is consistent with an intangible capital view of advertising, but is clearly inconsistent with the “competing” barrier to entry or barrier to mobility hypothesis. Thus, further support is gained for the view that few, if any, harmful consequences for competition arise due to high advertising intensity in industry.
The comparative profitability of Canadian‐ and foreign‐controlled firms
Authors: Shapiro Daniel M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis study analyzes factors determining the profitabilty of 750 of Canada's largest manufacturing firms, both domestic‐ and foreign‐controlled, over the period 1968‐1972. It is found that US‐controlled firms were more profitable than either Canadian‐ or other foreign‐controlled firms, when various firm‐ and industry‐specific factors are held constant. In addition, the higher was the degree of non‐resident (presumably American) ownership, the more profitable were US‐controlled firms. The reverse was true of other foreign firms. These results for US firms are consistent with the Hymer–Caves and internalization approaches to the multinational corporation. However, the results for other firms are not, thus suggesting that a ‘general’ theory of the multinational corporation has yet to be forwarded.
A subjectivist essay on modern labor economics
Authors: Bellante Don 
Published: May 2007

AbstractSubjectivist methodology has attracted an increasing number of adherents as a result of the recent reemergence of the Austrian school. The new Austrian school has challenged the methodological approach of neoclassical economics in many areas. This essay seeks to extend that challenge into the area of labor economics. Modern labor economics, viewed from a subjectivist perspective, is argued to merit a mixed review. However, it is also argued that neoclassical labor economists (as compared with neoclassicists in other specialized areas) seem quite amenable to incorporation of subjective elements into their analysis.
Managerial quality, financial structure and signalling: A test of pricing efficiency in the UK equity securities market
Authors: Forker J. J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis paper seeks to ascertain if stock market pricing procedures are operationally efficient in setting prices so as to discriminate against poor‐quality management. Signalling theory suggests management's leverage decision as the means by which managerial quality can be identified. Departures from average leverage, given firm characteristics, are interpreted as indicating managerial quality. Ordinary least‐squares regression analysis is used to identify these departures, and to test if shareholders' yields are responsive to them. The results are not always statistically significant, but do provide some support for the signalling hypothesis and for the efficiency of UK security pricing.
Reconstructing british rail: In search of a profitable railway
Authors: Lapsley Irvine 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe objective of a profitable British Rail might be achieved by a segregation of its operating services and its permanent way (infrastructure). In the absence of a system of road pricing, only the operating services have the potential to be profitable. A segregation of railway operating services and infrastructure is also supported by an examination of fundamental characteristics of all modes of transport. While operating services exhibit the characteristics of competitive markets, infrastructure tends to monopoly. The reconstruction of British Rail in this way would improve the provision of transport services, by allowing competitive market pressures to be exerted more fully.
A note on put‐call parity and the market efficiency of the London traded options market
Authors: Goh Leng Y. , Allen David 
Published: May 2007

AbstractPut‐call parity and the efficiency of the London traded options market are tested via the construction of long and short hedges which incorporate the effects of ‘known’ dividend payments. Examination of the resulting returns and their subsequent analysis via regression models yield findings which support the put‐call parity theorem and market efficiency.
Sophisticated capital budgeting systems and their association with corporate performance
Authors: Pike R. H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractPrior empirical studies have been unable to establish any clear relationship existing between the capital budgeting practices adoted and corporate performance. This may partly be explained by the restrictive definition of capital budgeting employed in these studies. The present study, based on data gathered from 144 major companies, examines the relationship between the degree of sophistication identified in capital budgeting systems and corporate performance levels achieved over a number of years, when controlling for the interactive corporate characteristics of size, risk, capital intensity and industry class. The results are surprising. They reveal a consistent, significant negative association between the level of capital budgeting sophistication and corporate performance.
Factors affecting industrial relations in the electronics industry of Hong Kong ‐ an empirical research analysis
Authors: Chien‐Min Chang , Peter Chen Kar‐Nin 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis paper attempts to study the factors affecting industrial relations in the electronics industry in Hong Kong. Comparative surveys were carried out, in selected companies and a major union, with management and workers. Results showed that basic financial, physical and physiological factors are still important for affecting workers' attitude towards industrial relations. However, socio‐psychological satisfactions are increasing as a result of demands by younger and better educated workers, the major workforce of the industry. The ‘pendulum’ attitude of workers towards the management and the unions leads to a delicate situation in the industrial relations of the industry.
Estimating regional construction cost differences: Theory and evidence
Authors: Johannes James M. , Koch Paul D. , Rasche Robert H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe economic theory of cost functions is employed to derive geographic cost differentials for construction projects located across the United States. Assuming a Cobb‐Douglas production technology, cost function estimates are obtained and used to calculate the regional cost differentials for major US cities relative to Washington, DC. Explanations are provided for adjusting these regional cost differentials according to additional information available on input prices or expected future inflation rates specific to particular locations.
The role of public intervention in R & D
Authors: Finger Nachum , Mehrez Abraham 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is threefold: (1) we emphasize the rule of uncertainty in achieving an efficient allocation of resources to R & D activities; (2) we identify and discuss optional mechanisms that are directed at minimizing the role of uncertainty in determining R & D decisions; and (3) we analyze the role of public intervention in R & D via a formal structure. More specifically, we explain why and under what conditions a risk‐averse decision‐maker will invest less than a government in research and inventive activities. Sufficient conditions that lead to private underinvestment in these activities are established. Furthermore, if the option of buying information exists, then we identify a set of private governmental contracts that may lead to the acceptance of a research project that a priori is unfeasible.