bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of adult learning and education in the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Grotlüschen Anke , Belzer Alisa , Ertner Markus , Yasukawa Keiko 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), launched by the United Nations in 2015, established ambitious targets to be achieved by 2030, including in education. SDG 4, which focuses on ensuring “inclusive and equitable quality education and promot[ing] lifelong learning opportunities for all”, attracted attention from the adult education sector for the role that adult learning and education (ALE) can play in its realisation, and the potential for the SDGs to boost the visibility and support of ALE. This article reports on a study that explored the role of ALE in lifelong learning in eight case study countries (Australia, Brazil, India, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, South Africa, Thailand and Ukraine). It explores the literature and examines the supports for and challenges of ALE to better understand its potential in helping to realise SDG 4, using a mega-, macro-, meso- and micro-level theoretical framework. Twenty-seven experts in ALE from across the eight countries were interviewed, and data analysis was undertaken using a grounded theory approach. The findings indicate that while SDG 4 was not a strong driver for ALE activities in these countries, initiatives were focused on the same issues targeted by SDG 4. The analysis also points to the unequal policy support given to formal and non-formal ALE activities, and the critical role that ALE networks and associations can play in addressing some of the most ambitious SDG 4 targets.
Surface Compositions of Trojan Asteroids
Authors: Emery Joshua P. , Binzel Richard P. , Britt Daniel T. , Brown Michael E. , Howett Carly J. A. , Martin Audrey C. , Melita Mario D. , Souza-Feliciano Ana Carolina , Wong Ian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Jupiter Trojan asteroids are a key population for understanding the chemical and dynamical evolution of the Solar System. Surface compositions of Trojans, in turn, provide crucial information for reconstructing their histories. NASA’s Lucy mission will soon complete the first spacecraft reconnaissance of this population. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of Trojan surface compositions and looks ahead to expected advances in that knowledge from Lucy. Surface compositions of Trojans remain uncertain due to a relative lack of diagnostic absorption features, though dedicated observations have begun to provide some clues to compositions. Trojans have uniformly low albedos, with a population average of ∼5.3%, and red spectral slopes at ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared wavelengths. A bimodality of spectral slopes has been detected and confirmed across all these wavelengths, and the ratio of “less-red” to “red” Trojans increases with decreasing size. A broad absorption at ∼3.1 μm in some less-red Trojans may indicate the presence of N-H bearing material. Mid-infrared emissivity spectra reveal the presence of fine-grained anhydrous silicates on the surfaces. The meteorite collection contains no identifiable analogs to Trojan asteroids. Among small body populations, some Main Belt asteroids, comets, irregular satellites, and Centaurs provide reasonable spectral matches, supporting some genetic relationships among some members of these groups. The cause of the observed spectral properties remains uncertain, but recent suggestions include a combination of volatile ice sublimation and space weathering or a combination of impact gardening and space weathering. The Lucy mission will provide detailed compositional analysis of (3548) Eurybates, (15094) Polymele, (11351) Leucus, (21900) Orus, and (617) Patroclus-Menoetius, a suite of targets that sample the diversity among the Trojan population along several dimensions. With these flybys, the Lucy mission is poised to resolve many of the outstanding questions regarding Trojan surface compositions, thereby revealing how the Trojans formed and evolved and providing a clearer view of Solar System history.
Characteristics of sudanese camel-hair fibres under subtropical desert condition
Authors: Agamy Rania , Mahouda Sabry F. , Azzam Ali H. , Gad Allah Aymen A.I. , Abdel-Mageed Ibrahim I. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe study assessed the quality and variability of camel hair fibres in arid regions of Egypt. Raw camel-hair samples were collected from fifteen Sudanese camels divided into seven males (414.60 ± 38.19 kg, BW) and eight females (401.67 ± 26.76 kg BW), and the study investigated the influences of animal sex on both the physical and chemical traits of camel-hair fibers. The relationships among physical properties and both mineral and amino acid content were studied. Camel’s sex had no significant effect on any of the studied traits including fibre diameter (FD), prickle factor (PF), medullated fibre (MF), staple length (SL) and staple strength (SS). In the meantime, no significant differences were found between males and females in fibers’ minerals contents except potassium, where fibres of females had significantly higher potassium content than those of males. For amino acids contents in camel fibres, camel sex had a significant effect only on glutamic acid, since fibres of males showed higher (P < 0.05) content than females. Fibre diameter had positive (P < 0.01) correlations with prickle factor (r = 0.83) and medullated fibres (r = 0.73). Zinc content in camel fibres was positively correlated with fibre diameter (r = 0.57;P < 0.05) and medullated fibres (r = 0.73;P < 0.01). Moreover, a significant (negative correlation coefficientP < 0.05) was found between fibre diameter and both sulfur and proline contents (r=-0.39 and − 0.56). Ammonia content in fibres was correlated negatively (P < 0.05) with prickle factor and elongation (r=-0.62 and − 0.58, respectively). The variability in the physical properties and chemical composition of Sudanese camel-hair fibers under subtropical desert conditions may shed light on the possibility of improving fiber quality.
Dynamic occupancy analyses of native birds in an urban ecological reserve reveal seasonal changes in site occupancy and preference for adjacent urbanized areas
Authors: Zúñiga-Vega J. Jaime , Suárez-Rodríguez Monserrat , Ramírez-Cruz Gonzalo A. , Solano-Zavaleta Israel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUrban ecological reserves are large green areas immersed within cities where native and exotic species of plants and animals coexist. Here, we examined the environmental features that facilitate the occurrence of nine species of native birds in an urban ecological reserve located within one of the largest cities in the world, Mexico City. We also searched for changes in occupancy rates among the three distinct climatic seasons that occur in central Mexico: warm-dry, rainy, and cold-dry. Using data collected during four years and multi-season occupancy models, we found that most of our study species prefer the urbanized sites that surround the reserve over the core conservation areas. This urban affinity can be explained by the diverse vegetation that prevails in such urban sites, which offers a high habitat heterogeneity that facilitates the presence of bird species with distinct ecological needs. In contrast, the reserve consists of a relatively homogeneous xerophytic scrubland where a few species of shrubs and small trees are dominant. We also detected seasonal changes in five species, with highest occupancy during the warm-dry season of each year, which coincides with both their breeding season and the driest period of the year. This finding indicates that these birds find in the reserve and surrounding urban areas enough food and water during this limiting season as well as safe nesting sites. Our study provides evidence that some native birds can become urban exploiters and that the benefits that they obtain from urban settings are greatest during their breeding season.
A Multi-step Data Assimilation Framework to Investigate the Effect of Measurement Uncertainty in the Reduction of Water Distribution Network Model Errors
Authors: Fayaz Ibrahim Miflal , Castro-Gama Mario , Alfonso Leonardo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWater distribution network (WDN) models are a common decision support tool for understanding the behavior and performance of WDNs, aiding in the planning and management of WDN systems. The increasing availability of real-time data has recently promoted the exploration of Data Assimilation (DA) techniques to improve these models. However, flow, pressure and demand data are uncertain, particularly due to sensor characteristics such as precision and noise. An open question is to what extent DA can still improve hydraulic models when the data used to this end is uncertain. This paper proposes a three-step Ensemble Kalman Filter based DA approach for WDNs (3-EnKF-WDN), building on previous approaches, and advancing in two main fronts: the use of extended period simulation, and the use of pressure-dependent demand (PDD) analysis. Different scenarios considering uncertain sensor data, with varied precision and noise, are applied to two networks of different sizes, representative of real-world WDNs. The computational demand of the 3-EnKF-WDN method is also assessed. Results show that increasing sensor’s precision and decreasing the noise in state measurements reduce model error, as expected. However, we also found that model errors: 1) are reduced more effectively by using 3-EnKF-WDN than by increasing sensors’ precision; 2) are not reduced if certain noise thresholds are surpassed; 3) can be reduced without assimilating demand data if the WDNs are fully monitored with head sensors in all the nodes and flow sensors in all the links.
Positive response of a hemodialysis patient with pure red cell aplasia on recombinant human erythropoietin therapy to cyclosporine and Roxadustat
Authors: Ma Xuejuan , Pai Pearl , Zhu Wenjuan , Chen Xiaowei , Cui Liwen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) is commonly used to treat anemia associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). EPO-induced Pure Red Cell Aplasia (PRCA) is a rare condition of profound anemia with EPO treatment. Upon finding the development of EPO-induced PRCA, the treatment requires immediate withdrawal of EPO therapy and initiate new treatments with immunosuppression or renal transplantation. Anti-EPO antibody assay is not always positive in EPO-induced PRCA. Here, we report a case on the sudden development of PRCA in a hemodialysis patient receiving EPO and how we treated the condition successfully with cyclosporine and subsequently maintained the hemoglobin with Roxadustat, a hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (HIF-PHI). Even though the anti-EPO antibody was negative by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) in our case, the clinical course, the markedly reduced reticulocyte count < 10,000/μL, the bone marrow (BM) biopsy revealing reduced erythroblasts, and its subsequent response to cyclosporine, were similar to EPO-induced PRCA. The clinical picture of EPO-induced PRCA, the limitation of the EPO-neutralizing antibody (Ab) assay, and treatment strategies were discussed.
The Pannonian-Carpathian-Alpine seismic experiment (PACASE): network description and implementation
Authors: Schlömer Antje , Hetényi György , Plomerová Jaroslava , Vecsey Luděk , Bielik Miroslav , Bokelmann Götz , Csicsay Kristian , Czuba Wojciech , Fojtíková Lucia , Friederich Wolfgang , Fuchs Florian , Grad Marek , Janik Tomasz , Kampfová Exnerová Hana , Kolínský Petr , Malinowski Szymon , Meier Thomas , Mendecki Maciej , Papčo Juraj , Środa Piotr , Szűcs Eszter , Süle Bálint , Timkó Máté , Gyarmati Anett , Wéber Zoltán , Wesztergom Viktor , Žlebčíková Helena ,   AlpArray-PACASE Working Group
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Pannonian-Carpathian-Alpine Seismic Experiment (PACASE) is a collaborative project based on a large, passive seismic network comprising 214 temporary stations. Among the primary aims are the imaging of the Earth’s crustal, lithospheric and upper mantle structure, including joint inversions; monitoring and mapping of seismic activity; and interpretation of the data from seismotectonic and geodynamic perspectives. The base of the cooperation is a high-quality, broadband seismic network covering the very centre of Europe: the Eastern Alpine and Western Carpathian Mountain ranges, the Bohemian Massif, and the sedimentary Molasse and Pannonian Basins. In this overview, we focus on the implementation and achieved field goals of PACASE, such as seismic station configuration, general network organization, data availability and access to the dataset. With selected seismological examples, we demonstrate the good usability of the records of earthquake detection, and a first publication attests to the structural imaging capability of the PACASE data. We assess the background noise level at various stations and its variations in time and space. Our aim is to collect all practical information relevant to serve as a long-term reference for the PACASE.
Toward local Madelung mechanics in spacetime
Authors: Waegell Mordecai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIt has recently been shown that relativistic quantum theory leads to a local interpretation of quantum mechanics wherein the universal wavefunction in configuration space is entirely replaced with an ensemble of local fluid equations in spacetime. For want of a fully relativistic quantum fluid treatment, we develop a model using the nonrelativistic Madelung equations, and obtain conditions for them to be local in spacetime. Every particle in the Madelung fluid is equally real, and has a definite position, momentum, kinetic energy, and potential energy. These are obtained by defining quantum momentum and kinetic energy densities for the fluid and separating the momentum into average and symmetric parts, and kinetic energy into classical kinetic and quantum potential parts. The two types of momentum naturally give rise to a single classical kinetic energy density, which contains the expected kinetic energy, even for stationary states, and we define the reduced quantum potential as the remaining part of the quantum kinetic energy density. We treat the quantum potential as a novel mode of internal energy storage within the fluid particles, which explains most of the nonclassical behavior of the Madelung fluid. For example, we show that in tunneling phenomena, the quantum potential negates the barrier so that nothing prevents the fluid from flowing through. We show how energy flows and transforms in this model, and that enabling local conservation of energy requires defining a quantum potential energy current that flows through the fluid rather than only flowing with it. The nonrelativistic treatment generally contains singularities in the velocity field, which undermines the goal of local dynamics, but we expect a proper relativistic treatment will bound the fluid particle velocities at c.
Lipschitz constants and quadruple symmetrization by Möbius transformations
Authors: Rainio Oona , Vuorinen Matti 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDue to the invariance properties of cross-ratio, Möbius transformations are often used to map a set of points or other geometric object into a symmetric position to simplify a problem studied. However, when the points are mapped under a Möbius transformation, the distortion of the Euclidean geometry is rarely considered. Here, we identify several cases where the distortion caused by this symmetrization can be measured in terms of the Lipschitz constant of the Möbius transformation in the Euclidean or the chordal metric.
Firm performance and markets: survival analysis of medium and large manufacturing enterprises in Indonesia
Authors: Afin Rifai , Tibor Keresztély , Ilona Cserháti 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study identifies the effect of firm performance, especially efficiency, on firm survival. This study applies efficiency calculations using a translog model based on both time-invariant and time-varying production functions and the Ackerberg–Caves–Frazer (ACF) model to overcome the endogeneity problem in the estimation of the production function. The data used are firm-level data, which are medium and large manufacturing company censuses with an observation period from 1995 to 2015. This study used two estimation techniques: the Cox proportional hazard model and Poisson regression. I estimate the Cox regression with firm-level data, whereas the Poisson regression is estimated with aggregate data for 2-digit ISIC. Estimates at the aggregate 2-digit ISIC level are intended to not only see the effect of efficiency on companies that survive but also on companies that enter and exit. Firm-level evidence shows that a company’s efficiency reduces the hazard ratio or increases its survival time. Moreover, consistent with firm-level results, the aggregate-level estimation shows that efficiency increases the chances of survival and entry of companies into Indonesia and reduces the rate of company exit from the Indonesian market. This shows that a company's level of technical efficiency makes an important contribution to the survival of manufacturing companies in Indonesia.
The complex web of land use planning, legislation and urban mobility in Maseru, Lesotho
Authors: Kalaoane Rets’epile C. , Matamanda Abraham R. , Bhanye Johannes I. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractApplying an exploratory case study design, the study analyses urban mobility along the Main North 1 Road. We argue that urban mobility in Maseru, Lesotho is compromised by a complex web of issues including inconsistent urban transport policies, inadequate road infrastructure, and land use activities along some roads. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources, including key informant interviews, direct observations, and a review of policy documents on urban mobility. We show that urban mobility along the Main North 1 Road is jeopardised by outdated land use planning schemes and legislation that are out of sync with local realities as they support vehicular movement while neglecting pedestrians’ needs, compromising their safety. The state of the infrastructure also contributes to urban mobility inefficiencies. The study concludes that the urban mobility system needs to be understood holistically to identify leverage points critical for interventions and planning for sustainable urban mobility.
Technical skills teaching to MD students: a blinded, randomized controlled trial investigating video assistance in the education of the single-handed knot tie
Authors: Raythatha Jineel , Hameed Ahmer , Lee Taina , Yuen Lawrence , Nahm Christopher B. , Pang Tony , Pleass Henry 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant changes to medical education, particularly for procedural and surgical skills, which inherently require face-to-face education. The utility of adding an instructional video remains uncertain. To guide future curricula, our aim was to assess whether the addition of an optional instructional video improves the acquisition and retention of one-handed surgical knot-tying.

Methods
Naïve year one medical students were randomised to video before face-to-face instruction versus face-to-face instruction only. Blinded surgeons assessed their performance at the end of a workshop and 4 weeks later by counting the number of knots tied in 1 min and a global Likert score assessing knot quality. The students also completed surveys for qualitative assessment and feedback.

Results
Students with access to the video tied significantly more knots in 1 min than the control group (median ± IQR: 15 ± 4 N = 14, vs 12.5 ± 10 N = 15, p = 0.012). After 4 weeks, the intervention group showed a non-significant trend towards being able to tie more knots (16.5 ± 6 N = 6, vs 3.5 ± 16 N = 8, p = 0.069), and the knots tied were of significantly better quality (global score: 3 ± 1.4 vs 1 ± 1.8, p = 0.027). Compared to the control group, the intervention group expressed greater confidence in their ability to retain their skills after the workshop and at follow-up (p = 0.04). Additionally, they experienced significantly less stress during the workshop (p = 0.028).

Conclusion
A non-interactive video can improve learning and retention of single-handed knot tying. As medical education continues to evolve, supplementary videos should be considered an important part of new surgical skill curricula.
Study on the performance of ternary blended cement with calcined clay and recycled concrete powder
Authors: Li Shusen , Liu Jiaping , Yu Cheng , Li Zhen , Xie Weixiao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecycled concrete powder (RCP) has a large amount of calcium carbonate, which suggests that it can be used to make limestone - calcined clay (CC) cement (LC3) system by replacing limestone powder. So that it can promote the recycling of construction demolition waste and reduce the requirement of the natural resource for LC3. In this study, the fresh and hardened properties of CC-RCP cement system were comprehensively characterized by varying the CC/RCP ratio and dosage, including rheological, mechanical properties, hydration products and pore structure. The results indicate that the addition of CC prolong the setting time, but the effect could be mitigated by the recombination of RCP. By comparing with RCP, CC had a less obvious effect on increasing viscosity, but it could improve the shear thickening behavior of paste. In the case of less total content of CC and RCP, a ratio of 1:1 CC/RCP was better for the development of long-term strength. Whereas, with the increasing of substitution, the mixtures with CC alone or blending with RCP in a 2:1 ratio achieved higher strength. The incorporating of CC and RCP could make the conversion of C4AH13 into hemicarboaluminate (Hc) and monocarboaluminate (Mc), and it resulted in a denser structure with more medium capillary pores and gel pores than that mixtures with CC only.
Towards a public sustainable finance paradigm for the green transition
Authors: Golka Philipp , Murau Steffen , Thie Jan-Erik 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSustainable finance is often discussed as a solution to the climate crisis, but its impacts are limited and its discourse focuses on mobilising private investments through public de-risking, without considering direct government action. We argue that this is due to an implicit reference to mainstream economic theory assuming that an active state leads to time inconsistency problems and crowding-out effects. However, these assumptions have been sufficiently refuted as public investments may actually crowd-in private capital. We therefore propose a paradigm shift towards what we call Public Sustainable Finance, aimed at empowering the role of the state in the green transition on the discursive, policy, and political economy levels. Studying the case of Germany, we show how Public Sustainable Finance can be introduced despite tight fiscal regimes. To this end, we propose that the Climate- and Transformation Fund be given its own borrowing powers. By borrowing an average of 23 billion euros annually from 2024 to 2030, the existing financing gap that has been exacerbated following the November 2023 constitutional court ruling can be closed, enabling a more rapid and effective green transition.