bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma CEA, tumor CEA, and tumor histology
Authors: Boyd Carl R. , Bivens Brack A. , Kashmiri Rafiah , Parker Joseph C. , Meeker William R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCarcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) has been thought to be a diagnostic and prognostic indicator of colorectal cancer. Initial descriptions of CEA as a tumor specific antigen suggests a relationship between tumor CEA and circulating plasma CEA. To define the relationship between CEA and colorectal carcinoma, we have studied the CEA concentration of preoperative plasma, tumor tissue, and normal bowel distant from tumor in 35 patients who had clinically curative resections. Tumor histology was evaluated for Dukes class, histologic grade, necrosis, and vessel invasion.Regression analysis yielded no evidence of correlation between tumor CEA and plasma CEA. No correlation could be shown between tumor concentration of CEA and the histological parameters previously noted. CEA was found in all specimens of normal bowel. Furthermore, in 34% of the cases studied, the tumor CEA was not significantly higher than in normal bowel. No significant difference was shown when histopathological findings were compared to normal and abnormal plasma CEA values.These findings suggest the following conclusions: CEA is not tumor specific. Increased levels of CEA in tumor tissue are not a constant finding in colorectal carcinoma. Tumor levels of CEA do not appear to correlate with histologic degree of tumor differentiation. Elevated plasma levels of CEA do not necessarily connote elevated tumor tissue levels of CEA, and conversely, normal plasma levels of CEA do not necessarily mean low levels of tumor CEA.
Transsphenoidal hypophysectomy: A laboratory approach and commentary
Authors: Henry Harvey M. , Hardy Jules , Moody Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA laboratory technique for learning and practicing the transsphenoidal approach to hypophysectomy is described. The procedure utilizes a sphenoid block with the sella turcica at its center taken from a cadaver skull. The laboratory approach simulates the operative technique, including the use of standard instruments designed for transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. Commentary on the historical background and applications of the transsphenoidal approach to the sella turcica is presented.
Autoantibodies to an altered IgG in human breast cancer
Authors: Humphrey L. J. , Volenec P. J. , Volenec F. J. , Cross D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecent studies have shown that antibody in the serum of patients with carcinoma of the breast reacts with two distinct antigens obtained from breast cancer tissue. Hence, there are two antibodies. The first antibody reacts against the Fc fragment of immunoglobulin and is also found in the sera of patients with benign breast disease and certain inflammatory lesions and, therefore, does not seem to have any significant meaning for the patient with carcinoma of the breast. The second antibody is directed against the Fab fragment of human immunoglobulin that is found in breast cancer tissue. Recent experiments have shown that in immunodiffusion tests, this autoantibody reacts not with normal IgG(Fab), but rather with heat‐aggregated IgG(Fab). It is thought that tumor‐associated antibodies react with antigens on the tumor cell surface. Intracellular enzymes then proceed to fragment the attached antibody, leaving the Fab fragments attached on the cell surface. With intact immunosurveillance, the host appreciates this altered immunoglobulin (Fab). It is suggested that the autoantibody then formed against this fragment reacts with the fragment attached to the tumor cell, thereby allowing the tumor cell to be destroyed. Clinical data supporting this hypothesis are derived from the fact that 9 patients having this autoantibody to the Fab fragment are alive at 1 year after their carcinoma of the breast.
The national pancreatic cancer project: An update
Authors: Cohn Isidore 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCancer of the pancreas is now the fourth most common cause of cancer‐related death in the United States. The diagnosis of this disease is difficult and the therapeutic results are discouraging. Recognizing these factors, the National Cancer Institute has funded the National Pancreatic Cancer Project as of 1 January 1975, in an attempt to stimulate new and more active research in this field at both the basic and the clinical levels. Some of the work that has already been funded by the project is outlined as a means of familiarizing a larger number of people with the activities of this particular National Organ Site Program.
Prognostic significance of the regional lymph nodes in osteosarcoma
Authors: Rao R. S. , Rao D. Nagaraj 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study was undertaken to find out if there are any factors of prognostic significance that can help the surgeon in the management of osteogenic sarcoma. One hundred and thirty‐nine cases of osteogenic sarcoma were treated during a 30‐year period and their survival figures have been analysed with respect to age, sex, extent of disease, previous treatment, and value of lymphadenectomy. We found that patients in whom the lymph nodes were preserved had a better survival as compared to patients in whom the lymph nodes were removed en bloc with the primary tumour.This further supports our contention that the regional lymph nodes have an important role to play in the immune response against osteosarcoma. The experimental work of the cytotoxic action of regional lymph node cells against osteosarcoma cell lines has been studied in our laboratory. The results of this study stimulated us to undertake this retrospective analysis.
Urea in the management of advanced malignancies (Preliminary report)
Authors: Gandhi G. M. , Anasuya S. R. , Kawathekar Pushpa , Bhaskarmall  , Krishnamurthy K. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty cases of advanced (Stage III) cancer of the cervix were treated with intratumour injection of 40% urea solution and local application of 50% urea ointment. Sixty percent of these patients had beneficial effect and in 25% of the patients there was minimal response. Patients with multiple secondaries in liver had very good symptomatic relief with oral urea. Urea therapy is a simple, cheap, and safe method of treating advanced stages of cancer, where very little can be done by the accepted lines of treatment such as surgery or radiotherapy. This line of treatment can be practiced even in a consulting room or primary health center.
The survival of inoperable breast cancer treated with radiotherapy and radiotherapy followed by mastectomy
Authors: Yarom J. , Assa J. , Robinson E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForty‐five patients with locally advanced breast carcinoma were treated by radiotherapy. Twelve of them became operable and were operated. After 3 and 4 years in comparable clinical stage the rate of metastases in the nonoperated group was 78.6% and in the operated 75%. The survival after 3 and 4 years in comparable clinical stages was similar. In more advanced stages the survival was worse. Considering the trauma of mastectomy and the similar survival obtained in our material, an international trial should be performed to decide whether inoperable breast cancer becoming operable after radiotherapy should be operated.
Carcinoembryonic antigen in osteosarcoma
Authors: Cortes Engracio P. , Chu T. Ming , Wang Jaw J. , Holyoke Douglas , Wallace H. James , Murphy G. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPlasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) assay was done in 30 patients with osteosarcoma. CEA was found positive (> 2.5 ng/ml) in 17 of 21 patients who had active evidence of disease and negative (< 2.5 ng/ml) in all 9 patients who were in complete remission resulting from previous amputation or chemotherapy. Serial CEA determinations demonstrated a fall to normal in 7 of 9 patients following successful surgery or chemotherapy and a rise and fall (fluctuation) of levels in 8 patients who had tumor progression while on chemotherapy. Clinical recurrence of disease in two instances preceded or coincided with CEA elevation. The CEA assay in osteosarcoma although nonspecific could be used as an inportant adjunct to experienced clinical judgment, periodic x‐ray examination, and laboratory study to prognosticate the course of osteosarcoma during therapy. The interpretation of a rising or falling CEA titer alone, however, must be made with caution.
Influence of initial neck node biopsy on the incidence of recurrence in the neck and survival in patients who subsequently undergo curative resectional surgery
Authors: Razack Mohamed S. , Sako Kumao , Marchetta Frank C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring a period of 23 years, 57 patients who had an initial neck node biopsy elsewhere, with the diagnosis of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma established, underwent curative resection by our department after the site of head and neck primary was found. Ten patients free of disease died of other causes, leaving 47 patients who were eligible for at least 3 years of follow‐up. Nineteen patients are aliye after 3 or more years. The incidence of recurrence in the neck was 57% (27/47). The 3‐year survival in this group of Stage III was 40% (19/47) and 5‐year survival was 34% (16/47). Compared with historical data, it appears from the present study that a previous biopsy of a neck node did not adversely affect the incidence either of neck recurrence or survival when appropriate surgery is performed.
Effect of anesthesia and surgery on immunity
Authors: Lee Yeu‐tsu N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe observed phenomenon that multiple distant metastases may appear and grow rapidly after operation on the primary cancer is very distressing. Many experimental results suggest that surgical procedures may precipitate dissemination and growth of tumor in some instances, but the overwhelming evidences document that surgical reduction of tumor bulk can achieve cure for the host and restore the immunity lost in the face of growing tumors. Various anesthetics were shown to interfere with many phases of the immune response. But recent studies suggest that the inhibitory effect of anesthesia alone is minimal. Depression of lymphocyte transformation, detectable as early as 2 hours after induction, was related primarily to the extent of tissue trauma, the amount of blood loss, duration of operation, and whether thoracic or abdominal cavity was entered. Postoperative changes of lymphocyte counts and transformation responses usually returned to normal values within a week, whereas depression of specific cellular immunity to tumor‐associated antigen in vitro, and delayed cutaneous hyper‐sensitivity reactions in vivo, persisted for about a week and gradually returned to normal by 3 weeks. Presently the clinical significance of such transitory depression of host immunity is not known. It is hoped that this review may stimulate interest in further experimental and clinical research.
Adjuvant postoperative chemotherapy with 5‐fluorouracil and methotrexate: Effect of schedule of administration on metastasis of 13762 mammary adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lee Yeu‐tsu N. , Khwaja Tasneem A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMetastasizing mammary adenocarcinoma 13762 in female Fischer rats has been used as a model for studying postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, using methotrexate (Mtx) and 5‐fluorouracil (5FU) either singly or in combinations. All animals that received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy of 5FU alone, 5FU and Mtx simultaneously, or Mtx followed by 5FU had significant improvement of survivals. Methotrexate alone was ineffective in treating the visceral metastasis. The addition of Mtx at the time of 5FU administration actually decreased the therapeutic effectiveness of 5FU given by itself. Fluorouracil alone improved survival of rats with small or large tumors, whereas Mtx followed by 5FU was better than 5FU alone in rats with smaller tumors. Among all rats treated with chemotherapy, those rats that got Mtx followed by 5FU had the lowest amount of lung metastasis, and concomitant administration of nonspecific BCG immunotherapy delayed death from visceral metastasis only for rats receiving drugs according to this schedule.
Hibernoma: Report of two cases
Authors: Lung Richard J. , Lapidus Stephen , Miller Stephen H. , Graham William P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHibernomas are rare tumors of fat which are most often benign. Arteriographic findings may be misleading with respect to the diagnosis of malignancy preoperatively. These uncommon tumors may be confused prior to surgery with lipomas, soft tissue sarcomas, and hemangiomas.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid: A report of two cases
Authors: Kampsen Edward B. , Jager Nirmala , Max Martin H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo patients with squamous cell carcinoma, which accounts for 1.1% of all primary thyroid carcinomas, are described. Squamous metaplasia is the most likely etiology, but an occasional carcinoma may be derived from remnants of embryonic origin. Although squamous metaplasia has been documented in several conditions involving the thyroid, no evidence exists that this predisposes to squamous cell carcinoma. Metastases and direct extension of squamous cell carcinoma in the thyroid gland are much more frequent than primary involvement and are always part of a generalized carcinomatosis. A primary lesion must always be sought; however, diagnosis may not be possible until an initially occult tumor becomes evident or even until autopsy. Because this lesion typically runs a fulminant course, radical surgical resection at the earliest opportunity offers the best hope for cure. The lesions are usually radioresistant, and chemotherapy has not been shown to alter the course of this disease.
Risks of BCG intralesional therapy: An experience with melanoma
Authors: Robinson John C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA nearly fatal allergic reaction to intratumor BCG injections was associated with a complete remission of recurrent malignant melanoma. Clinical course and histologic sections suggested both anaphylactic and Arthus reactions. The occurrence of reactions at BCG injection sites as well as at uninjected sites of tumor suggests common BCG and melanoma antigens. The management of events involved in this often fatal postimmunotherapy complication involves the early administration of parenteral fluids, antituberculous therapy, antihistamines, and possibly steroids. The prophylactic use of antihistamines and an in‐hospital administration of intralesional BCG immunotherapy are strongly suggested. In the future, prophylactic INH may prove to be both therapeutically efficacious and protective against infectious complications.
Cancer of the colon: 32 years of experience in Bombay, India
Authors: Jussawalla D. J. , Gangadharan P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIncidence rate of colon cancer is low in India compared to the Western countries. The dietary habits may be the protective factor in our population. During a 32 year period (1941–1972), 555 cases of colonic cancer were recorded at the Tata Memorial Hospital, Bombay. Among the social groups utilizing this hospital, the Parsis (Zoroastrians) have the highest incidence of colonic cancer. The frequency of cancer of the caecum and sigmoid are almost equal. Cancer of splenic and hepatic flexures are predominantly seen in men. Of the resected cases 50% survived for 5 years and 40% for 10 years. When cancer was localised, the 5 year survival rate was 64%. The 5 year survival rate among transverse colon cancer patients was 70%. The skin was the commonest site of a second cancer among colon cancer patients; the possible etiological association of these two cancers appears very intriguing.
Prognostic significance of blood vessel invasion in carcinoma of the breast in women
Authors: Sampat M. B. , Sirsat M. V. , Gangadharan P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrognostic significance of blood vessel invasion in carcinoma of the female breast has been evaluated by study of 242 cases of radical mastectomy done at the Tata Memorial Hospital. The significance of axillary node involvement with the disease has been simultaneously evaluated. In the absence of blood vessel invasion and lymph node metastasis the 5 year survival rate was 98%. Compared with this, 5 year survival rate was reduced to 59% when the blood vessel invasion was present but no lymph node metastasis. Only 12% survived for 5 years when both blood vessels and lymph nodes were involved with the disease. The study indicated that blood vessel invasion in the primary breast carcinoma is more significant than lymph node metastasis.
Response of neoplastic and non‐neoplastic cells to a yeast extract
Authors: Fardon John C. , Poydock M. E. , Tsuchiya Yoshiki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPCO, an aqueous‐alcoholic extract of the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was found to inhibit mitoses of 4 different ascites tumors removed from mice. Carried as established in vitro lines 6 tumors and 4 established lines of non‐neoplastic cells could not be inhibited by PCO. Primary cultures (diploid) of mouse embryo tissue cells and granulocytic blast cells from adult mice also could not be mitotically inhibited by PCO.
Intraoral basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Samit Alan M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe evaluation and treatment of an intraoral lesion over a period of 8 years is presented. Clinical appearance and course, microscopic findings, and response to treatment were consistent with a diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma of the mucous membrane. Current theories of histogenesis and the biological behavior of basal cell lesions are discussed.
Experiences with intra‐arterial chemotherapy for head and neck cancer
Authors: Jussawalla D. J. , Shetty P. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring the 10‐year period from 1966–1975, 250 patients with various head and neck cancers were treated by intra‐arterial chemotherapy using single agents or various combinations. Only 15 patients showed response of I‐C category according to Karnofsky's criteria, and 100 patients had I‐B response. Another 100 patients showed I‐A category of response and 35 patients had progressive disease out of which 5 patients exhibited excessive toxicity to drugs, eventually succumbing to it. A majority of patients in nonresponding (O‐O) category and I‐A category were earlier treated by radiotherapy, and intra‐arterial chemotherapy was given for recurrent disease. The responses were relatively good whenever chemotherapy was given as a primary treatment before surgery and radiotherapy. Again response was additive when chemotherapy was given concurrently with radiotherapy.
Chemotherapy in recurrent noncystic low‐grade astrocytomas of the cerebrum in children
Authors: Sumer Timur , Freeman Arnold I. , Cohen Michael , Bremer Alfonso M. , Thomas P. R. M. , Sinks Lucius F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSix children with grade II astrocytomas were treated with combination chemotherapy consisting of 1,3 bis(2‐chloroethyl) 1‐nitrosourea (BCNU), Vincristine (VCR), intrathecal Methotrexate (i.t. MTX), and Dexamethasone. Of the children, 3 showed a partial remission, and 1 other showed clinical improvement. Our data suggest that chemotherapy is effective in low‐grade astrocytomas, and there is now a need for larger trials in low‐grade astrocytomas to document the role of chemotherapy accurately in these tumors. It is suggested that trials of chemotherapy as adjuvant to surgery and radiotherapy should be initiated.
Colorectal carcinoma in young black patients: A report of eight cases
Authors: Pillay S. P. , Angorn I. B. , Baker L. W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractColorectal carcinoma in the black population of South Africa is very uncommon when compared with incidence among whites. Even in whites the proportion of patients with colorectal carcinoma under 25 years of age is less than 1% (Hardin, 1972). Eight cases of colorectal carcinoma in black patients under 25 years of age are presented. None had any evidence of premalignant lesions of the colon. The prognosis of colorectal carcinoma in young adults is poor in most series and this group of patients was no exception. Reasons for this poor prognosis are mentioned. A more aggressive approach to the early detection and treatment of the lesion in young patients is essential.
Immunocytological localization of estrogen in human mammary carcinoma cells by horseradish—anti‐horseradish peroxidase complex
Authors: Ghosh Luna , Ghosh Bimal C. , Das Gupta Tapas K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTissues from 25 female and 2 male patients of mammary carcinoma were examined by the horseradish—anti‐horseradish peroxidase complex to localize the presence of estrogen. Carcinoma cells of 10 female and 2 male patients showed positive staining by this technique. The nucleus and the cytoplasmic membrane showed the reaction. This method is useful in identifying the exact location of the hormones or hormone‐like substances in the malignant cells and, perhaps, will be of great help in selecting the patients for management.
Effect of phenylhydrazine pretreatment on splenectomized rauscher leukemia virus‐infected mice
Authors: Bergson Alan , Lobue Joseph , Gordon Albert S. , Fredrickson Torgny N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe protective effect of phenylhydrazine pretreatment seen in Rauscher leukemia virus‐infected intact mice is not observed when splenectomized mice are used. Such mice succumb to infection even earlier than viral potency controls. Since phenylhydrazine is known to increase both splenic erythropoiesis and hematopoietic stem cell numbers, the results suggest that these two events may be involved in phenylhydrazine prophylaxis.
Liver function tests after ligation of hepatic artery
Authors: Lee Yeu‐Tsu N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNine patients with unresectable primary and secondary malignancy of the liver underwent ligation of the hepatic artery (HAL) distal to the gastroduodenal artery as a therapeutic measure. Another patient had a similar operation for hepatic artery aneurysm. Their postoperative liver function tests are studied in detail, and the patterns of change are compared with three other patients who had extensive resection of tissues but without HAL.It appears that liver function tests rarely became abnormal after major operations, whereas HAL produced an immediate rise of lactic dehydrogenase and transaminase (up to 5–60 times normal value), and creatine phosphokinase (4–15 times normal). All elevated enzymes returned to preoperative levels within a week. Alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin rose mildly after HAL and returned to preoperative range in about one week. However, if the patient had repeated surgical stress, anoxic insult, or maximal loss of the hepatic parenchyma, serum enzymes rose only slightly after HAL.
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma: Report of five cases and a review of the literature
Authors: Zaren Howard A. , Delaurentis Dominic , Paskin David L. , Lerner Harvey J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFive cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma are presented and the relevant literature is reviewed. All the patients had locally extensive tumor or eventual recurrent or metastatic disease. Determining malignancy by histologic criteria is difficult. Therefore, histologic, gross, and clinical behavior of the tumor is important. Though the role of radiation therapy and chemotherapy is not yet established, it appears that at least wide “cancer resection,” if possible, is the treatment of choice. The unusually high incidence of nonresectable, recurrent, or metastatic disease in retroperitoneal histiocytomas raises the question as to whether all three modalities of therapy should be used in the treatment of tumors at this particular site.