bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive investigation of the bending and vibration behavior of size- dependent functionally graded nanoplates via an enhanced first order shear deformation theory and nonlocal finite element analysis
Authors: Belarbi Mohamed-Ouejdi , Benounas Soufiane , Khechai Abdelhak , Vinh Pham Van , Ruocco Eugenio , Garg Aman , Gohari Soheil 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This research paper conducts a comprehensive investigation into the bending and free vibration of size-dependent functionally graded (FG) nanoplates, using an improved first-order shear deformation theory (IFSDT). The IFSDT, proposed in this study, offers an enhanced representation and precise computation of normal and shear stresses across the thickness of the nanoplate. Notably, it not only ensures compliance with free conditions on both upper and lower surfaces but also eliminates the need for a conventional correction factor commonly employed in FSDT. The material properties of the FG nanoplate undergo continuous grading throughout the thickness direction using a power-law function. To transcend the assumptions of classical continuum mechanics and address the impacts of small sizes in discrete nanoplates, Eringen's nonlocal elasticity theory is applied. The formulation of the governing equation for bending and free vibration analyses of the FG nanoplate is achieved through the application of Hamilton’s principle. The proposed IFSDT is implemented with a computationally efficient C0-continuous quadrilateral element, tackling large-scale discrete numerical problems. The model's performance is showcased through a comparative evaluation against literature predictions, highlighting its high accuracy and rapid convergence. Additionally, the research scrutinizes various parameters such as plate thickness, boundary conditions, aspect ratio, nonlocal parameter, different material compositions, and power-law index. The thorough examination and discussion of these parameters provide insights into their influence on the deflection, stresses, and natural frequency of FG nanoplates. The results underscore the significant impact of size-dependent effects on the bending and vibration behaviors of nanoplates, emphasizing the necessity of incorporating these effects in the design and analysis of FG nanoplates. Ultimately, the developed nonlocal finite element model serves as a valuable predictive tool for understanding the bending and vibration behavior of size-dependent functionally graded nanoplates.
A Single-Center Experience of Special Cases: Adrenal Myelolipoma and Adrenal Adenoma with Myelolipoma Component
Authors: Cetin Serhat , Erten Serefhan , Sen Ilker , Onaran Metin , Tan Mustafa , Gonul Ipek Isık , Cerit Ethem Turgay , Sözen Tevfik Sinan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Isolated adrenal myelolipoma (IAM) is a benign neoplasm of the adrenal gland and is the second most common primary adrenal tumor following adrenocortical adenomas. Another type of adrenal tumor formation is known as adenoma with myelolipoma component (AMC). This study aims to retrospectively compare IAM and AMC cases in a single institution, focusing on special clinical and pathologic features, and comparing coincidences with the literature. According to our study, IAM and AMC have similar entities; including histopathological findings and cover similar comorbidities. However, due to all the remaining features soon to be discussed; we suggest that these two tumors should be studied under different headings.
Regional variation in diet may be an underappreciated modulator of mercury uptake in species of concern: A case study using Alligator Gar (Atractosteus spatula)
Authors: Moran Zachary S. , Penrose Michael T. , Cobb George P. , Baird Michael S. , King Ryan S. , Matson Cole W. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

We compared mercury (Hg) and stable isotopic ratios of nitrogen (δ15N) in a long-lived apex predator, Alligator Gar (Atractosteus spatula), from a coastal region of the Brazos River exposed to high aerial Hg deposition, to an inland population exposed to moderate Hg deposition, in order to test the relative importance of biomagnification through trophic dynamics and aerial deposition rates in an apex predator. We used generalized linear models (GLMs) to examine the effects of fish size (Length, mm) and Region (Inland versus Coastal) on Hg concentration and δ15N. Length had a significant positive effect on both Hg and δ15N. However, after accounting for the effect of Length, both Hg and δ15N were significantly higher in the Inland population (N = 48; mean ± SE = 0.232 ± 0.020 mg/kg ww and 18.8 ± 0.184‰, respectively) than the Coastal population (N = 45; mean ± SE = 0.143 ± 0.012 mg/kg ww and 16.72 ± 0.291‰, respectively). We further estimated probabilities of Alligator Gar exceeding Hg consumption advisory guidelines used by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). WHO and USEPA exceedance probabilities were 0.414 and 0.048 for Coastal, and 0.835 and 0.276 for Inland populations, respectively. However, WHO and USEPA exceedance probability estimates for fish ≥ 2000 mm climbed to 0.747 and 0.146 for Coastal and ≥ 0.999 and 0.559 for Inland populations, respectively. These results suggest that variation in food web dynamics, and resultant impacts on biomagnification, may be a more important driver of Hg uptake in Alligator Gar, when compared to the role of aerial deposition rates. Our results also demonstrate that Alligator Gar often exceed consumption advisory Hg concentrations, particularly in the largest individuals, and that they likely experience some level of reproductive toxicity because of sublethal Hg exposures.
Pathological fetal heart rate tracing patterns and neonatal outcomes among parturients beyond 32 weeks of gestation: A prospective observational study
Authors: Soni Theresa , Jha Nivedita , Raj Ruben 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose Distinct clinical phenotypes of pathological fetal heart rate (FHR) tracings may affect neonatal outcomes differently. This study aimed to determine and differentiate neonatal outcomes amongst the clinical phenotypes of pathological FHR tracing. Methods This prospective observational study included women in labour with pathological fetal heart rate tracing during delivery. Pathological fetal heart rate tracings were characterized into 11 clinical phenotypes and corresponding neonatal and maternal outcomes were recorded. Neonates and mothers were followed till discharge from the hospital. The primary outcome was a 5-minute APGAR score. The secondary outcomes were NICU admission, mode of delivery, mode of anesthesia, neonatal morbidity and mortality. Result 271 women with pathological fetal heart rate tracing at the time of delivery were included in the study. Most of the women (64%) underwent cesarean delivery. The most common pathological fetal heart rate tracing was repetitive late decelerations (24.7%), followed by reduced variability with repetitive variable decelerations (24.4%). The 5-minute APGAR score was comparable across all clinical phenotypes of pathological fetal heart rate tracing. Tachycardia with reduced variability was associated with a significantly higher likelihood of NICU admission (aOR = 5.03, 95% CI: 1.32–19.27, p = 0.018). Reduced variability, repetitive late decelerations and the combination of repetitive late decelerations with prolonged decelerations and reduced variability showed moderately increased odds of NICU admission. Conclusions The 5-minute APGAR score remained comparable in all clinical phenotypes of pathological fetal heart rate tracing. Nonetheless, the odds of NICU admission were significantly higher in women with tachycardia and reduced variability.
Separation of OH-containing compounds from the essential oil mixture via a one-pot synthesis of carbamates, antimicrobial evaluation and dynamic 1H NMR study of their derivatives
Authors: Farhadi-Ghalati Farhang , Marandi Ghasem , Nikbin Mohammad , Ahani Zahra , Beyzaei Hamid , Moghaddam-Manesh Mohammdreza , Bameri Zakaria , Maghsoodlou Malek Taher , Valizadeh Jafar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A series of various carbamate derivatives were synthesized using essential oils of various plants and cyclohexyl or phenyl isocyanate under solvent-free conditions. Carvacrol, Thymol and Eugenol were chosen for synthesis that exist in Satureja bachtiarica Bunge, Satureja hortensis L., Trachyspermum ammi and Caryophyllus aromaticus, respectively. Essential oils after extraction and identification by GC-MS, were used as raw material for synthesis of carbamate derivatives. Antimicrobial activity of synthesized compounds was examined against four Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as three fungal strains. Good inhibitory activities were observed with synthesized compounds. Also 1H NMR dynamic of synthetic carbamates were investigated for this compounds.
Heat Transfer Analysis of Micropolar fluid over a Vertical Cone with Non-Uniform Heat source and sink: Keller Box Method and Industrial Applications
Authors: B Vinothkumar , Poornima T 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A mathematical model is made to look at the heat moves through a micropolar viscoelastic fluid from a vertically isothermal cone to a steady-state free convection boundary layer flow that is laminar, nonlinear, and not isothermal. Using MATLAB programming, we transform the linear momentum, energy, angular momentum equations, and possible boundary conditions using the finite difference methodology (Keller Box method). Higher-order (fourth-order) partial differential equations (PDEs) can be solved using this method up to the Nth first-order partial differential equation (PDE). Evaluations are done on the following parameters: dimensionless stream-wise coordinate, ratio of relaxation to retardation times, Deborah number (De), Erigena vortex viscosity parameter (R), Prandtl number (Pr), non-uniform heat source and sink (A, B), radiation and surface temperature, and angular velocity in the boundary layer regime. The results of the calculations show that temperature (along with the thickness of the thermal boundary layer) drops and linear and angular velocity rise with an increasing ratio of retardation to relaxation periods. Elevating the Deborah number results in increased temperatures and micro-rotation magnitudes, but it also lowers the Nusselt number and linear flow. Viscoelastic micropolar fluid flow finds applications in various areas of fluid dynamics where the behaviour of complex fluids with both viscous and elastic properties, along with micro-rotation effects, plays a significant role. Some applications include polymer processing, biomedical engineering, rheology, environmental fluid dynamics, and complex fluid flows. The skin friction coefficient and the Nusselt number are shown with graphs, streamlines, and tables for changed values of the flow constraints.
Comparison of Friction Performance of Polyether ether ketone Fabricated Using Different Methods Under Dry Sliding Conditions
Authors: Prajapati Sunil Kumar , Gnanamoorthy R 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
High-temperature additive manufacturing permits printing advanced polyether ether ketone (PEEK) sliding bearings with different surface features needed for better heat dissipation or lubrication of bearings. The as-printed surfaces of fused filament fabrication (FFF) parts are different compared to the molded or extruded surfaces and will influence the performance. The layer orientation with respect to the sliding direction is a key parameter that decides be bearing performance and is investigated using representative pin samples. The accommodation of debris on soft polymer sliding against hard steel during the initial period of sliding influences the friction and wear characteristics and contact temperature rise. The heat buildup in polymers that limits the operating load and speed in the initial period is influenced by the airflow between the layers which depends on the sliding direction. The current observations will assist in choosing the 3D printing over moulded sample for sliding contact conditions.
Liver fibrosis negatively impacts in vivo gene transfer to hepatocytes
Authors: Cantore Alessio , Simoni Chiara , Nozi Justine , Starinieri Francesco , Bella Tiziana La , Manta Elisabetta , Negri Camilla , Biffi Mauro , Norata Rossana , Rocchi Martina , Sanvito Francesca , Ronzitti Giuseppe , Barbon Elena 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a pathological process occurring in several genetic and acquired disease conditions. The fibrosis-related alterations of the liver tissue and hepatic cell metabolism may negatively affect therapeutic approaches targeting the liver. Among these, viral-vector-mediated gene transfer to the liver showed clinical efficacy and safety as a treatment for inherited diseases due to defects in hepatic function. Here we assessed the impact of liver fibrosis on gene transfer to hepatocytes mediated by lentiviral vectors (LV) or adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors administered systemically. We exploited two chemically induced fibrosis mouse models, characterized by tissue damage in the area near the portal vein (peri-portal) or the central vein (peri-central) of the liver lobule. Moreover, we used Abcb11–/– and Agl−/− mice, recapitulating features of inherited cholestasis and glycogen storage disease, as representative models of genetic disorders characterized by peri-portal fibrosis. We report that both peri-central and peri-portal fibrosis partially inhibited LV-mediated hepatocyte gene transfer, while the efficiency of AAV-vector-mediated gene transfer was reduced in the case of preexisting peri-portal fibrosis. Gene transfer by both vectors was not altered by the minimal peri-portal fibrosis present In Agl−/− mice. This work provides evidence that the presence of significant hepatic fibrosis generally reduced transduction efficiency, with different outcomes according to the vector used and the state of the liver at the time of vector administration. Overall, this study has relevant implications for future developments and applications of liver-directed gene therapy.
Tumor-exosomal miR-205-5p as a diagnostic biomarker for colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhao Yajing , Zhao Yapeng , Liu Lisheng , Li Guanghao , Wu Yawen , Cui Yanan , Xie Li 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: Tumor-exosomal miRNA play crucial roles in cancer diagnosis. The current reports aimed to found an exosomal miRNA for colorectal cancer(CRC) with non-invasiveness, sensitivity and specificity.
Patients and methods: The exosome was extracted from CRC patients and healthy donors using ultracentrifugation to verify by TEM, qNano and western blot. Differential expression level and clinical characterization of miR-205-5p were analyzed in colorectal cancer via TCGA. Real Time Quantitative PCR was employed to determine the different expression levels of exosomal miRNAs in 157 primary CRC patients and 135 healthy donors. Predictions were made concerning target genes to determine the direction for further exploring the etiopathogenesis of the disease by means of bioinformatics.
Results: The expression of miR-205-5p demonstrated a substantial downregulation in colorectal cancer compared to healthy donors, as determined through analysis of the TCGA database. We conducted a prediction and analysis of the functional enrichment of downstream target genes regulated by miR-205-5p. Reduced level of exosomal miR-205-5p in serum from CRC patients was found compared with healthy controls (p<0.0001, respectively) and benign disease (p<0.0001, respectively). The levels of expression of exosomal miR-205-5p were substantially lower in early stage CRC patients than in the contrast groups (p<0.0001, respectively). The expression levels of exosomal miR-205-5p saw significant increase postoperatively (p=0.0053, respectively).
Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that serum exosomal miR-205-5p may be a diagnostic biomarker for colorectal cancer.
A hybrid deep learning model for multiclass arrhythmia detection and classification using photoplethysmography signals
Authors: Kumar A. Saran , V Praveen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Arrhythmias (AM) are a typical kind of heart ailment that often directly leads to fatal cardiac arrest. Therefore, the automated identification of arrhythmias is crucial in aiding the detection of cardiac diseases. Previous studies have documented the use of photoplethysmography (PPG) signals to identify arrhythmias. However, there is little research on the application of PPG signals for the classification of multiclass arrhythmias. This research aims to determine whether PPG signals and a Hybrid Deep Learning (HDL) network could effectively categorize various forms of arrhythmia in a multiclass setting. The purpose of this study is to introduce an HDL model called DenseNet-ABiLSTM, which is specifically developed for the identification and categorization of various types of arrhythmias. This technique leverages the densely connected convolutional network's multiscale spatial feature extraction capability (DenseNet) and the benefit of Attention-based Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (ABiLSTM) with enhanced attention mechanism in sequence modelling. The PPG signal is initially subjected to 1D convolutional kernels to acquire multiscale conceptual features. Subsequently, the BiLSTM is used to get insight into the temporal relationship among the features. The Attention Mechanism (AtM) layer is presented to emphasize its significant features for achieving improved detection performance. The characteristic data is ultimately related to the associated arrhythmia rhythms classified using the SoftMax layer. The model categorizes arrhythmia rhythms into six types: Sinus Rhythm (SR), Early Ventricular Contraction (EVC), Early Atrial Contraction (EAC), Ventricular Tachycardia (VcT), Supraventricular Tachycardia (ST), and AF. Various metrics have assessed the classification performance and have been compared with the Electrocardiogram (ECG) results to determine the AM rhythms. Two hundred twenty-five patients and 109736 pairs of 12-second PPG and ECG waveforms were utilized. The mean performance measures show strong overall performance despite minor fluctuations across various rhythms, with a mean F1 score and accuracy of 87.74% and 89.14%, respectively.
Error range for encoding in imperfect quantum error correction
Authors: Cohn Ilan , Fraga Sebastian , Reyes Lucas , Buksman Efrain , de Oliveira Andre Fonseca 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Quantum error correction (QEC) codes are vital for scalable and robust computations of quantum operations. The main challenge lies in introducing ancilla qubits with minimal side effect in the resultant computation, particularly considering state-of-the-art near-term devices. With the aim of identifying error value ranges that make encoding advantageous, the Shor code stands out as a viable first approach for a physical implementation of quantum error correction, due to its simpler structure. The noise models utilized, through their Operator Sum Representation (OSR), can be extrapolated, as these are typical of the majority of current technologies. In this article, error widths are analytically determined such that it becomes worthwhile to transmit information through encoding.
The Effect of Disturbance on the Neural Mechanisms of Learning Word Formation Rules in a Novel Language
Authors: Meng Mengjie , Ren Lanlan , Wang Xiyuan , Schwieter John W. , Liu Huanhuan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Individuals learn the meaning of words mainly through feedback from others at early stages, but confusing feedback may cause disturbances in establishing lexical form-to-meaning mappings. To date, little is known about how these mappings are preciously established as language learning experiences and proficiency increase. To this end, we asked participants to perform a picture-word matching task under disturbance and non-disturbance conditions during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Brain imaging revealed that in the non-disturbance condition, more brain network connections emerged during early (naïve) learning than later (expert) learning. However, in the disturbance condition, more connections were found during expert learning compared to naïve learning. Correspondingly, the behavioral results showed that as learning experiences increase in the disturbance condition, so do accuracy rates. Together, these findings indicate that with increased experience in mapping lexical forms to meanings, individuals appear to become less sensitive to disturbances by engaging multiple brain areas.
Analyzing CRYSTALS-Kyber's Susceptibility to Side Channel Attacks: An Empirical Exploration
Authors: Roy Kumar Sekhar , SL Shiva Darshan , Mishra Tusar Kanti , Hassan Mahmudul , Hazarika Ruhul Amin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this research, side-channel analysis attacks against the Krystal Kyber cryptographic scheme are empirically studied. This study explores how vulnerable Krystal Kyber is to these kinds of attacks and looks at the possibility of information leaking through unintended side channels. The study evaluates the cryptographic system's resilience to various side-channel threats by means of meticulous experimentation and analysis, which illuminates any vulnerabilities or susceptibilities. This research helps to improve our understanding of Krystal Kyber's security posture by measuring the efficacy of side-channel attacks. This helps to construct better cryptographic designs and countermeasures for increased protection.
A Credibility Scoring Algorithm to match surveillance video target and UWB tag
Authors: yan jiachen , Yang Guang , Li Weihong , Lin Qunxiong , Chen Junjie , Huang Chen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Pedestrians positioning by surveillance video offers high accuracy and real-time performance in indoor scenes. Pedestrian positioning based on surveillance video has both challenges and promising application prospects. However, the practical application of existing surveillance video is hindered by the lack of tag information and incomplete video coverage. Although the positioning methods with terminal devices provide the tag information, simultaneous signal transmission from multiple tags to the base station will lead to collisions and mutual interference, like UWB positioning. The positioning method that combining surveillance video and terminal devices is expected to solve the problem. This paper introduces a credibility scoring algorithm to match surveillance video target and terminal tag. The algorithm considers four factors, including distance between the obtained positioning points, weighted average speed, direction of motion, number of obtained positioning points from both the video and Ultra-Wideband (UWB) tag. The algorithm matches the surveillance video target and UWB tag according to the highest sore. The experimental results show that the proposed credibility scoring algorithm achieved accurate matching results in both unob-structed scenes (scores for the same tag are generally twice as high as scores for different tag) and obstructed scenes (scores for the same tag are 13% higher than scores for different tag). The approach improves the usability of pedestrian positioning by surveillance video in indoor scenes and avoid the problem of tag mis-alignment, and will further provide the technical support in pedestrian positioning and management based on surveillance video.