bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coma and respiratory failure due to moxidectin intoxication in a dog
Authors: Gallagher Alexander E. , Grant David C. , Noftsinger Maureen N. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractObjective:To describe the clinical consequences following ingestion by a dog of a moxidectin‐containing equine deworming product. Few reports exist concerning the treatment and outcome of severe moxidectin toxicity. Treatment, known factors influencing intoxication, and prognosis are reviewed.Case summary:A 10‐month‐old female Border Collie ingested an unknown quantity of a moxidectin‐containing equine deworming product several hours before presentation. Severe neurological signs subsequently developed and included: ataxia, seizures, coma, and respiratory failure. The dog was treated with supportive care including intravenous fluids, activated charcoal, and positive pressure ventilation. Normal spontaneous respiration returned in 34 hours and the patient was discharged 58 hours after ingestion. Full recovery occurred within 1 week of intoxication.New information provided:This report describes moxidectin intoxication and associated respiratory failure in a dog that required mechanical ventilation. The dog's recovery was rapid. Despite severity of signs, the prognosis for patients with moxidectin intoxication is good with appropriate supportive care.
Clinical evaluation and management of hemoperitoneum in dogs
Authors: Herold Lee V. , Devey Jennifer J. , Kirby Rebecca , Rudloff Elke 
Published: February 2008

AbstractObjective:Review the clinical presentation, assessment, resuscitation, and medical and surgical management of dogs with hemoperitoneum.Etiology:Hemoperitoneum is defined as free intra‐abdominal hemorrhage. Hemoperitoneum occurs from traumatic and nontraumatic causes. Common etiologies include atraumatic rupture of intra‐abdominal masses, coagulopathies, as well as blunt, and penetrating trauma to the abdomen.Diagnosis:Definitive diagnosis of hemoperitoneum entails demonstration of free intra‐abdominal blood via paracentesis or diagnostic peritoneal lavage. Imaging and other diagnostic tests including coagulation studies may help to determine underlying causes of hemoperitoneum or concurrent organ dysfunction.Therapy:Goals of therapy for patients with hemoperitoneum include maintenance and restoration of effective circulating volume, maintenance and restoration of oxygen‐carrying capacity, and arrest of hemorrhage. These goals can be achieved via fluid resuscitation, administration of blood products or hemoglobin‐based oxygen carriers, as well as application of abdominal counterpressure, and surgical intervention. Surgery usually is required for bleeding intra‐abdominal neoplasms. Emergency surgery is recommended for hemorrhaging patients with penetrating trauma, gastric dilatation and volvulus, bleeding cysts, liver lobe torsion, splenic torsion, and any other condition resulting in organ ischemia.Prognosis:Prognosis in patients with hemoperitoneum may depend on the underlying cause and concurrent injuries.
The pharmacologic spectrum of furosemide
Authors: Abbott Lisa M. , Kovacic Jan 
Published: February 2008

AbstractObjective: To review the clinical spectrum and mechanisms of action of furosemide in human and small animal veterinary patients.Data sources: Review of human and veterinary literature.Data synthesis: Furosemide is used primarily for its properties as a loop diuretic; however, it has many other actions that may be clinically applicable. Furosemide has a vasodilatory effect that precedes diuresis that may confer its immediate benefit in patients with volume overload. Furosemide can be inhaled to relieve dyspnea in patients with bronchospasm. Furosemide also shows promise as an adjunct to antiseizure therapy to help control epilepsy, status epilepticus, and acute ischemic damage related to seizures. It has activity as an antioxidant, iodine depletive, and may increase thoracic lymph duct flow. Reported furosemide side effects include altered drug metabolism, electrolyte depletion, ototoxicity, mucociliary impairment, endocrine and exocrine pancreatic effects, delayed wound healing, sulfonamide toxicity, and thyroid binding interference. It is worthwhile to consider the implications of these effects when using furosemide either alone or in combination with other drugs.Conclusions: Despite the research in animal models that demonstrates a wide spectrum of pharmacologic activity, furosemide has not been widely recognized or used clinically in veterinary medicine except as a loop diuretic.
Electrocardiographic assessment of hyperkalemia in dogs and cats
Authors: Tag Tanya L. , Day Thomas K. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractObjective:To determine if electrocardiogram (ECG) changes induced by hyperkalemia in clinical patients correspond with previously reported changes in experimental animals.Design:Prospective clinical study.Setting:Two private practice 24‐hour emergency and critical care facilities.Animals:Fifteen dogs and 22 cats with serum potassium levels >5.5 mEq/L.Interventions:None.Measurements:The following data were collected when hyperkalemia was documented: ECG (n=37), sodium and chloride (mEq/L) (n=35), total magnesium (mg/dL) (n=18), total calcium (mg/dL) (n=30), and venous pH (n=18). Animals were divided into five groups based on severity of hyperkalemia and ECG interpretation included rate, rhythm and P‐QRS‐T evaluation.Main Results:Twenty‐two of 37 (59%) of the ECGs were normal or revealed abnormalities that have not been previously described in conjunction with hyperkalemia. In dogs, there was no correlation (r=0) between potassium blood levels and heart rate (n=15). There was weak correlation (r=0.40;P=0.06) between potassium blood levels and heart rate in cats (n=22). The correlation was stronger (r=0.64;P<0.05) when data were compared in cats with serum potassium level >8.5 mEq/L (Groups 4 and Group 5;n=11).Conclusions:ECGs obtained from ill dogs and cats with hyperkalemia are inconsistent with ECGs from experimentally induced hyperkalemia. It is difficult to determine the clinical relevance of heart rate differences between cats with serum potassium levels >8.5 mEq/L and animals with experimentally induced hyperkalemia; this may be due to the presence of other biochemical abnormalities in diseased animals.
Temporary transvenous cardiac pacing in a dog with diltiazem intoxication
Authors: Syring Rebecca S. , Costello Merilee F. , Poppenga Robert H. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractObjective: This case report presents the clinical findings of a dog with diltiazem intoxication and the utilization of temporary transvenous pacing for management of high‐grade second‐degree atrioventricular (AV) block with associated bradycardia and hypotension.Case summary: A nine‐year‐old spayed female Basset Hound, who ingested between 95 and 109 mg/kg of sustained‐release diltiazem exhibited clinical signs of cardiac arrhythmias, bradycardia, hypotension, mental depression and gastrointestinal (GI) upset. Bradycardia was present initially, then was followed by high‐grade second‐degree AV block with ventricular escape. Traditional medications to treat calcium channel blocker (CCB) intoxication, including atropine, calcium gluconate, dopamine and glucagon were initially successful in managing the cardiac rhythm disturbances and hypotension. Twenty‐two hours post‐ingestion, however, the dog became refractory to these medications following sedation for GI decontamination and a temporary transvenous pacemaker was placed. The dog was paced for 19 hours. Transvenous pacing effectively increased heart rate, which increased blood pressure into an acceptable range. The dog was successfully discharged from the hospital following treatment.New or unique information provided: The use of a temporary pacemaker should be considered an acceptable treatment for bradycardia, AV block and hypotension associated with CCB intoxication when conventional medical therapy fails.
Pulmonary Edema After Extensive Radiofrequency Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: WEBER REINHOLD , MINNERS JAN , RESTLE CHRISTIAN , BUERKLE GERD , NEUMANN FRANZ‐JOSEF , KALUSCHE DIETRICH , KEYL CORNELIUS , ARENTZ THOMAS 
Published: February 2008

Background: More extensive ablation strategies for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) have increased success rates but are associated with new and sometimes serious complications. We describe a new complication after extensive radiofrequency (RF) ablation in the left atrium (LA) for persistent AF. Methods and Results: Electroanatomic guided circumferential ablation around both ipsilateral pulmonary veins (PV) was performed with the endpoint of complete conduction block. When necessary, supplementary RF applications were added, including ablation of complex fractionated potentials and/or isolation of other thoracic veins and/or linear left atrial lesions. RF energy was delivered via an irrigated tip catheter with a maximum power of 30–35 W. Four out of 120 patients undergoing extensive RF ablation for persistent AF (including two patients with additional LA substrate modification) developed dyspnea, bilateral pulmonary edema, and signs of a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) (rise in body temperature, leukocyte count, and C‐reactive protein (CRP levels) 18–48 hours after the procedure. There were no signs of PV stenosis, focal lung injury, left ventricular dysfunction, circulatory failure, or infection. All patients had complete recovery with supportive therapy within 3–4 days after the onset of symptoms. Conclusions: Extensive LA radiofrequency ablation bears the risk of a severe pulmonary edema. Although the precise mechanism is elusive, clinical features point toward a systemic inflammatory response.
Use of platelet gel with connective tissue grafts for root coverage: a randomized‐controlled trial
Authors: Keceli Huseyin Gencay , Sengun Dilek , Berberoğlu Atilla , Karabulut Erdem 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackground: Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) was speculated to be a promoter of periodontal regeneration. There are only a few clinical comparative studies using PRP in the treatment of gingival recession.Aim: The aim of the present study was to compare connective tissue graft (CTG)+PRP with CTG alone in the treatment of gingival recession.Material and Methods: Forty patients with Miller I/II recessions were included. Each recession was randomly treated with either CTG+PRP or CTG. Clinical variables were recorded at baseline and at 6 weeks, 6 and 12 months. Root coverage (RC) and attachment gain (AG) were also calculated.Results: Probing depth, recession depth, clinical attachment level, keratinized tissue width and recession width (RW) were improved in both study groups. However, no difference was observed between groups, except RW. RW in the control group was statistically lower than the test group at all follow‐up periods.Conclusion: Treatment of recession with CTG or a CTG–PRP combination resulted in favourable clinical outcomes. However, no difference could be found between CTG and CTG+PRP. Whether much longer follow‐up studies with higher statistical power may change these results remains questionable.
A randomized, single‐blind, parallel‐group clinical study to evaluate the effect of soluble β‐1,3/1,6‐glucan on experimental gingivitis in man
Authors: Preus Hans R. , Aass Anne M. , Hansen Bjørn F. , Moe Brit , Gjermo Per 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackground: Gingivitis is an inflammatory disorder of the periodontium induced by dental plaque bacteria. Soluble β‐1,3/1,6‐glucan (SBG) is known to enhance infection defense by preventing excessive inflammatory responses caused by bacterial endotoxins.Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of SBG on experimental gingivitis in man.Material and Methods: Experimental gingivitis was induced over a period of 24 days in 30 healthy volunteers who were simultaneously treated with SBG. Two groups (n=10/group) rinsed twice daily with an SBG mouthwash that was either swallowed or expectorated. A third group (n=10) received a water rinse as a control. Plaque index (Pl.I), gingival index (GI), and amount of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were assessed at baseline and at six times during the study.Results: The results showed that in the SBG groups, GCF decreased significantly during the study. The swallow group experienced a significant increase in GCF during the first week. The control group followed the expected pattern of experimental gingivitis, with a significant increase in the gingival fluid secretion during the test period. There was a significant increase in GI and Pl.I during the study for all groups, with no significant differences between them. No adverse effects of SBG were recorded.Conclusions: In this 24‐day experimental gingivitis study of subjects who used either a SBG or a control mouthrinse: (1) all subjects had increased plaque and gingivitis, (2) GCF increased in control‐rinse subjects and GCF decreased in SBG‐rinse subjects. The only statistically significant difference between the SBG‐rinse and control‐rinse subjects was an increase in GCF at day 7 for subjects who rinsed and swallowed SBG.
Periodontal conditions in patients with coronary heart disease: a case–control study
Authors: Johansson Carin Starkhammar , Richter Arina , Lundström Åsa , Thorstensson Helene , Ravald Nils 
Published: February 2008

AbstractAim: This study examined periodontal conditions in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and subjects with no history of CHD.Material and Methods: Participants were 161 patients (40–75) with severe angina pectoris (diagnosed as CHD by coronary angiography) who subsequently underwent percutaneous coronary intervention and 162 control subjects with no history of CHD. Periodontal status was recorded. Bone loss was determined on radiographs. Periodontal disease experience was classified into five groups according to Hugoson & Jordan.Results: Periodontal disease experience groups 4 and 5 were more common in the CHD group (25%) compared with the control group (8%). The mean bone level (the distance from the CEJ to the most coronal level of the alveolar bone) was 3.0±1.0 mm in CHD subjects and 2.6±0.8 mm in controls. CHD patients had significantly lower numbers of natural teeth, higher numbers of periodontal pockets 4–6‐mm and higher bleeding on probing (%). In a stepwise regression analysis, the factor periodontal disease experience groups 4+5 gave an odds ratio of 5.74 (2.07–15.90) for having CHD after controlling for smoking and age.Conclusion: Severe periodontal disease expressed by several clinical and radiographic parameters was more prevalent among subjects with CHD than among controls. Analysis, the factor periodontal disease experience groups 4+5 gave an odds ratio of 5.74 (2.07–15.90) for having CHD after controlling for smoking and age.
Correlation between periodontal status and biting force in patients with chronic periodontitis during the maintenance phase of therapy
Authors: Takeuchi Noriko , Yamamoto Tatsuo 
Published: February 2008

AbstractAim: The association between periodontal status and biting force is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between periodontal status and biting force in patients with chronic periodontitis during the maintenance phase of periodontal treatment.Material and Methods: A total of 198 patients, who had entered a periodontal maintenance programme, were examined for the presence of restorations on the occlusal surface, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing, and mobility of teeth. Quantitative analysis of total biting force, occlusal contact area and biting pressure (defined by biting force per 1 mm2 of occlusal contact area) was performed using microcapsular pressure‐sensitive sheets.Results: A multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that total biting force and occlusal contact area were positively associated with the number of present teeth and negatively associated with female gender, mean CAL and mean probing pocket depth. Biting pressure was positively associated with CAL.Conclusions: Reduced periodontal support was found to be associated with decreased total biting force and with increased biting pressure (defined as force per 1 mm2 of occlusal contact area).
Association between interleukin‐6 promoter haplotypes and aggressive periodontitis
Authors: Nibali Luigi , Griffiths Gareth S. , Donos Nikos , Parkar Mohamed , D'Aiuto Francesco , Tonetti Maurizio S. , Brett Peter M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackground: Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) polymorphisms have been shown to affect IL‐6 promoter activity. This study investigated the possible role of IL‐6 genetic polymorphisms and haplotypes in the predisposition to aggressive periodontitis (AgP).Material and Methods: A case–control association study on 224 AgP patients and 231 healthy controls was performed in order to detect differences in genotype distributions of five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the promoter region of the IL‐6 gene.Results: The IL‐6 −1363 polymorphism was associated with a diagnosis of AgP in subjects of all ethnicities (p=0.006, adjusted logistic regression). The −1480 SNP was associated with LAgP in subjects of all ethnicities (p=0.003). The −1480 and −6106 polymorphisms were associated with Localized AgP in Caucasians (n=24) (p=0.007 and 0.010, respectively). Haplotypes determined by the −1363 and −1480 polymorphisms were also associated with LAgP (p=0.001) in Caucasians.Conclusions: This study supports the hypothesis of a link between IL‐6 genetic factors and AgP and highlights the importance of two IL‐6 polymorphisms (−1363 and −1480) in modulating disease phenotype and susceptibility.
Characterization of progressive periodontal lesions in chronic periodontitis patients: levels of chemokines, cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase‐13, periodontal pathogens and inflammatory cells
Authors: Silva Nora , Dutzan Nicolas , Hernandez Marcela , Dezerega Andrea , Rivera Oriana , Aguillon Juan Carlos , Aravena Octavio , Lastres Pedro , Pozo Patricia , Vernal Rolando , Gamonal Jorge 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackground and aims: Periodontitis is an infection with an episodic nature of tissue support destruction. The aim of this work was to determine the levels of chemokines, cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase‐13, periodontal pathogens and inflammatory cells in periodontal sites characterized by active periodontal connective tissue destruction.Material and Method: Fifty‐six patients with moderate or advanced severity of chronic periodontitis were selected. Periodontitis was characterized by at least six sites with probing depth 5 mm, clinical attachment level 3 mm and radiographic bone loss. Periodontitis progression was determined by the tolerance method. Receptor activator for nuclear factor κ B‐ligand (RANK‐L), monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), IL‐1β, MMP‐13, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsithia and inflammatory cells levels were determined. Statistical analysis was performed using the Stata® 7.0 software. Data were expressed as mean±SD and paired samples t‐test and χ2 tests were used.Results: Higher RANK‐L, IL‐1β and MMP‐13 activity levels were observed in active sites (p<0.05). The proportion of P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, T. forsythia and the number of CD4+ T were higher in active than in inactive sites (p>0.05).Conclusion: The detection of periodontopathic bacteria, host matrix metalloproteinases and cytokines in periodontitis patients with lesions undergoing episodic attachment loss could partially explain the mechanisms associated with the destruction of the supporting tissues of the tooth.
Gingival crevicular fluid and serum matrix metalloproteinase‐8 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase‐1 levels in renal transplant patients undergoing different immunosuppressive therapy
Authors: Emingil Gülnur , Afacan Beral , Tervahartiala Taina , Töz Hüseyin , Atilla Gül , Sorsa Timo 
Published: February 2008

AbstractAim: We investigated gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum matrix metalloproteinase‐8 (MMP‐8) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (TIMP‐1) levels from renal transplant patients receiving cyclosporine‐A (CsA) and having gingival overgrowth (GO), from patients receiving CsA therapy and having no GO and patients receiving tacrolimus therapy.Material and Methods: GCF samples were collected from sites with GO (GO+) and without GO (GO−) in CsA patients having GO; and GO− sites in CsA patients having no GO; sites from tacrolimus, gingivitis and healthy subjects. GCF and serum MMP‐8 and TIMP‐1 levels were determined by a time‐resolved immunofluorometric assay (IFMA) and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.Results: GO+ sites in CsA patients having GO had elevated GCF MMP‐8 levels compared with those of CsA patients having no GO, tacrolimus and healthy subjects (p<0.005), but these levels were similar to those of gingivitis. The GCF MMP‐8 level was higher in GO+ compared with GO− sites in CsA patients having GO (p<0.05). GCF TIMP‐1 levels were similar between groups. Tacrolimus patients had lower GCF MMP‐8 levels than gingivitis (p<0.005), but levels similar to the healthy group.Conclusion: These results show that CsA and tacrolimus therapy has no significant effect on GCF MMP‐8 levels, and gingival inflammation seems to be the main reason for their elevations.
Comparison between two surgical techniques for root coverage with an acellular dermal matrix graft
Authors: Andrade Patrícia F. , Felipe Maria Emília M. C. , Novaes Arthur B. , Souza Sérgio L. S. , Taba Mário , Palioto Daniela B. , Grisi Márcio F. M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractAim: The aim of this randomized, controlled, clinical study was to compare two surgical techniques with the acellular dermal matrix graft (ADMG) to evaluate which technique could provide better root coverage.Material and Methods: Fifteen patients with bilateral Miller Class I gingival recession areas were selected. In each patient, one recession area was randomly assigned to the control group, while the contra‐lateral recession area was assigned to the test group. The ADMG was used in both groups. The control group was treated with a broader flap and vertical‐releasing incisions, and the test group was treated with the proposed surgical technique, without releasing incisions. The clinical parameters evaluated before the surgeries and after 12 months were: gingival recession height, probing depth, relative clinical attachment level and the width and thickness of keratinized tissue.Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups for all parameters at baseline. After 12 months, there was a statistically significant reduction in recession height in both groups, and there was no statistically significant difference between the techniques with regard to root coverage.Conclusions: Both surgical techniques provided significant reduction in gingival recession height after 12 months, and similar results in relation to root coverage.