bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Book Reviews
Authors: Lev Benjamin 
Published: December 2008

In “Book Reviews,” we review an extensive and diverse range of books. They cover theory and applications in operations research, statistics, management science, econometrics, mathematics, computers, and information systems. In addition, we include books in other fields that emphasize technical applications. However, we do not review software. To submit a book for review, please send it to me at the above address. Although we cannot review all books because of space limitations, we do list all books that we receive. We commission all book reviews and do not accept unsolicited reviews. To become a reviewer, please send me your name, address, and specific areas of expertise. We encourage readers to suggest books for review or to ask publishers to send copies of such books. The authors or editors of books we review in this issue are Tayfur Altiok, Benjamin Melamed, Soren Asmussen, Peter W. Glynn, Werner Krabs, and Stefan W. Pickl.
Does Laterality Exist in ACL Injury Prevalence in Alpine Skiers?
Authors: Urabe Y. , Iwamoto H. , Koshida S. , Tanaka K. , Miyashita K. , Ochi M. 
Published: December 2008

Abstract
From a clinical viewpoint, a greater number of ACL injuries have been observed involving the left knee than the right knee; however, the evidence is still limited. The purpose of the first study in this two-part investigation was to demonstrate whether laterality of ACL injury exists in various sports activities, including alpine skiing. We hypothesized that the incidence of left knee ACL injury would be higher than that of right knee injury. In the second study, a knee kinematic analysis during a trunk-turning test was conducted to demonstrate the laterality of knee kinematics in female alpine skiers. Subjects for the first study were ACL patients who visited Hiroshima University Hospital between 1994 and 2004. For the alpine skiers, the injury side, the mechanism of injury, and the turning side at the moment of injury were also determined. In the second study, the participants were female recreational skiers who had no history of an ACL injury. Kinematic analyses with a high-speed camera were conducted to measure the knee, hip, and trunk angles during the trunk-turning test. In alpine skiers, 194 (57 %) left ACL injuries and 146 (43 %) right ACL injures were observed. However, there were no significant differences in knee flexion angle during the trunk-turning test. Our findings showed that a left ACL injury occurred 33 % more frequently than a right knee ACL injury in alpine skiers. In addition, we found no differences in the knee flexion angle during the trunk-turning test; however, the height of left shoulder appeared to be higher than the right shoulder during the right turn.
WEIGHT AND LENGTH AT BIRTH OF INFANTS OF DIABETIC MOTHERS
Authors: Pedersen Jørgen 
Published: December 2008

SUMMARY
Birth weight and length of 122 surviving babies of diabetics, born in Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen 1926–1947, was compared to a control group of 122 infants of non-diabetics (matched controls). The groups were comparable, especially as to foetal age and parity of the mother, severe complications in the mothers, etc.
The average foetal age was 261 days (range 237–301). The average weight and length for the infants of non-diab. controls was 3045 gm. and 49.5 cm., for infants of diabetics 3600 gm. and 51.0 cm. Thus on average infants of diabetics weigh 550 gm. more and are 1.5 cm. longer than are infants of non-diab. Differences of the same magnitude were found in primiparae and in multiparae with and without obesity.
The frequency distribution curves for weight and length are nearly normal, but placed at higher levels than are those of non-diab. infants. Diabetics get big and small infants as others, but the whole population is bigger than that of non-diabetics' infants. There is an actual overgrowth.
In a personal series from 1946–1953 75 infants of long-term treated (1. t.) were compared to 91 infants of short-term treated (sh. t.) diabetics. The foetal age was 237 days or more, on average 260 days. Average weight and length for 1. t. infants was 3380 gm. and 50.5 cm., for sh. t. 3570 gm. and 51.3 cm. Thus the 1. t. infants on average weighed 190 gm. less and were 0.8 cm. shorter than sh. t. infants. So far these differences are not statistically significant, but an inverse correlation between the length of the last consecutive stay of the mother in Department B and the infants' weight and length could be demon
I. Published in extenso in Acta endocrinol. 16, 330, 1954.
strated. As the length of stay increases, weight and length decreases. This indicates the differences found to be due to the length of our treatment.
As there is a positive correlation between the maternal pregnancy level of blood sugar (foetal glucose supply) during the last 6–7 weeks of pregnancy and the birth weight and length of infants of non-diabetic controls, 1. t. and sh. t. diabetics, the maternal pregnancy level may play a part of its own for the differences found in weight and length of the infants in these 3 groups.
The maternal blood sugar level may influence weight and length of the infants directly (foetal glucose consumption) but also indirectly (foetal insulin turn-over rising with a rising supply of glucose), as foetal insulin may act as a growth stimulating factor.
METABOLISM AND FUNCTIONS OF PHOSPHATIDES
Authors: Kögl F. , van Deenen L. L. M. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The TSH (thyrotrophic hormone) induced stimulation of the rate of incorporation of radioactive phosphate into the phosphatides of the thyroid was studied in vitro. Since neither thyroid hormones nor agents blocking iodine metabolism altered the 32P uptake, a direct effect of TSH on thyrophosphatides was assumed. Paper and column chromatographic experiments on phosphatides isolated from beef thyroid slices after incubation with TSH demonstrated that the 32P incorporation occurs into lecithins, cephalins and an inositol-phosphatide. The action of TSH on thyrophosphatides did not appear to be restricted to one cell fraction, while the TSH controlled phosphatides appeared to belong to the so-called bound class. A structural function of the thyro-phosphatides is discussed.
THE SPECIFICITY OF THE ARGYROPHIL REACTION IN THE ISLETS OF LANGERHANS IN MAN
Authors: Hellman Bo , Hellerström Claes 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
By studying the Islets of Langerhans in man in thin Bouin fixed paraffin sections, first after impregnation with silver, and subsequently after removal of the silver, stained with Gomori's chrome-haematoxylin or aldehyde-fuchsin, it was possible to assess the specificity of the argyrophil reaction.
Reports in the literature that some of the B cells were also silver impregnated could not be confirmed. On the other hand, the argyrophil reaction was not characteristic for all the A cells, since a minority of them were not blackened. In agreement with these observations, the considerably higher frequency of silver cells over A cells, previously reported in connection with comparative differential cell counts on the same human pancreas material, was shown to be only apparent.
CRITICAL OBSERVATIONS CONCERNING A RAPID METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF GONADOTROPHINS IN URINE
Authors: van der Molen H. J. , Bakker H. J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Criteria are discussed which can be used for estimating whether there is an increase in uterine weight 18 hours after a single injection of a gonadotrophin solution in infantile mice.
It is of advantage to accept the quotient of uterine weight and body weight as a criterion, rather than the uterine weight. The effect of HMG20A with this rapid method is discussed. Prospects of using the rapid determination as a graded assay are good.
THE INFLUENCE OF SEX-HORMONES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS ON THE PHAGOCYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE RETICULO-ENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM
Authors: Juhlin L. , Miquel J. F. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Some sexual hormones and related compounds have been tested for their ability to increase the phagocytic activity of the reticulo-endothelial system (R. E. S.). Mice were given subcutaneous injections of the compounds daily for 14 days. The phagocytic activity of the R. E. S. was then determined by measuring the amount of fluorescent plastic particles present in the blood and in the liver 15 minutes after these had been injected intravenously. The seminal vesicles, testicles, liver and spleen of these mice were then weighed. The oestrogenic activity of the compounds were determined in the Allen-Doisy test. For both strong and weak oestrogens, the dose which gave a positive response in this test roughly corresponded to the daily dose necessary to induce an increase on the activity of the R. E. S. However, neither the oestrogenic, androgenic, anabolic, progestional nor pituitary inhibitory actions of the compounds tested seems to be responsible for the effect on the R. E. S. Testosterone was found to be inactive under these conditions whereas a nortestosterone derivative increased the phagocytic activity of the R. E. S. Castration 4 days previously did not change the phagocytic activity. In such mice, just as in non-castrated mice, it could be increased both with the nortestosterone derivate and an oestrogenic compound tested.
ABSENCE OF COMPENSATORY OVARIAN HYPERTROPHY IN RATS WITH ANTERIOR HYPOTHALAMIC LESIONS
Authors: Flerkó Béla , Bárdos Vera 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Absence of compensatory ovarian hypertrophy in »constant oestrus rats« from lesions in the anterior hypothalamic area suggests that nervous elements localized in this region play an essential role in the stimulation of gonadotrophin output by diminution of the blood oestrogen level. The constant vaginal oestrus after unilateral ovariectomy in the majority of animals was, however, repeatedly interrupted by vaginal smears of a dioestrous type. The appearance of a dioestrous vaginal smear in the »hypothalamic constant oestrus rats« is often associated with some luteinisation. It is assumed that diminution of the blood oestrogen level by reduction of ovarian tissue in these animals may bring about a release of LH sufficient to cause formation of corpora lutea.
SOME FACTORS INFLUENCING THE BINDING OF L-THYROXINE BY PROTEINS
Authors: Christensen L. Korsgaard 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The pH-dependence of the binding of L-thyroxine to the serum proteins has been investigated by means of a dialysis procedure. A moderate increase in the binding of T4 was found when the pH varied from about 7 to 8.5. At more alkaline and more acid values a pronounced decrease in the ability to bind thyroxine was observed.
The use of barbiturate buffer resulted in a very considerable increase in free non-protein-bound T4, whereas phosphate buffer did not interfere with the binding of the hormone. Tris buffer has also a thyroxine-releasing effect but this is far less pronounced than for barbiturate.
Structural changes in the protein molecule were found to change its ability to bind T4. Urea denaturation of bovine serum albumin resulted in a decreased binding capacity, whereas denatured egg albumin and lactoglobulin exhibited an increase in binding property.
DER EINFLUSS VON SCHILDDRÜSENHORMONEN UND VON THYREOTROPHIN AUF DIE NEBENNIERENRINDE HYPOPHYSEKTOMIERTER RATTEN
Authors: Krüskemper Hans-Ludwig 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
1. Treatment of hypophysectomized rats with triiodothyronine, thyroxine and thyrotrophic hormone increased the relative weight of the adrenals and the size of the nuclei of cells in the fascicular zone. 2. The effect of corticotrophin was enhanced by simultaneous application of thyrotrophic hormone.
THE IN VITRO UPTAKE BY HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES OF LABELLED L-TRIIODOTHYRONINE IN CASES OF CHRONIC BRONCHITIS WITH CARBON DIOXIDE RETENTION AND RENAL INSUFFICIENCY
Authors: Friis Thorkild , Kristensen H. P. Østergaard 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The uptake by human erythrocytes of labelled l-triiodothyronine in the presence of homologous plasma was measured in 25 patients with chronic bronchitis with varying degrees of CO2 retention and in 33 patients with chronic pyelonephritis with varying degrees of uraemia. Increased T3 uptake was found in 20 patients with chronic bronchitis and in 20 patients with uraemia. Cross experiments make it probable that the chief reason for this increase both in patients with bronchitis and with pyelonephritis is due to a reduction in the binding capacity of serum protein for l-triiodothyronine.
In the patients with bronchitis increased Pco2 and reduced oxygen saturation in arterial blood were accompanied by increased T3 uptake by the erythrocytes. In the patients with nephritis increasing serum creatinine was accompanied by increased T3 uptake.
No relationship could be found between the extent of the acidosis and the T3 uptake.
OVARY AND THYROID SECRETION
Authors: Beckers C. , De Visscher M. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
1. Thyroid function was measured in female rabbits before and after modification of ovarian function. 2. Removal of both ovaries led to an increase in thyroid function. When injections of oestradiol benzoate were given to castrated rabbits, the increase in thyroid function was suppressed. 3. Stimulation of thyroid function by injections of TSH was inhibited by oestradiol benzoate. 4. It is concluded that in rabbits, the ovarian hormone inhibits thyroid function under physiological conditions and that the inhibitory action is due, at least in part, to a direct action on the thyroid.
THE MENTAL LEVEL IN 47 CASES OF »TRUE KLINEFELTER'S SYNDROME«
Authors: Raboch Jan , Ŝípová I. , Malý MgMat. V. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
In a group of 47 cases of »true Klinefelter's syndrome« mainly examined for sterility, attention has been paid to their educational standard, school results, occupation, and Raven's test results of their mental level.
None of the 47 subjects with female nuclear sex attained university-standard education. The school results were poor in the case of 20 of them, and excellent only in three. Subnormal results of Raven's test (below 80) were found in 12 out of the 47 subjects examined. Only in the case of two patients was the result of the test above average (more than 120). The average value of Raven's test for the whole group was 91.9 (s = 16.4).
These findings are explained by the simultaneous disorder of the sex glands as well as of the nervous system of these subjects due to a developmental disturbance which has taken place before birth.
THE CONVERSION OF PROGESTERONE TO 17α-HYDROXYPROGESTERONE BY HUMAN PLACENTA IN VITRO
Authors: Little Brian , Shaw Ann 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The conversion of progesterone to 17α-hydroxyprogesterone by the soluble fraction of human placenta has been demonstrated in vitro. The incubation system contained the soluble supernatant fluid fraction of placental homogenate (105 000 × g), progesterone 4-14C as substrate, authentic 17α-hydroxyprogesterone as trap and a reduced triphosphopyridine nucleotide generating system as cofactor.
The 17α-hydroxyprogesterone formed was isolated chromatographically and radiochemical purity was demonstrated by constant specific activity in a counter current distribution. Constant specific activity and radiochemical purity of the oxidation product and the acetylated derivative was also shown.
METABOLISM OF 17α-HYDROXYPROGESTERONE-4-14C-17α-CAPROATE BY HOMOGENATES OF RAT LIVER AND HUMAN PLACENTA
Authors: Wiener Margaret , Lupa Charles I. , Plotz E. Jürgen 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
17α-hydroxyprogesterone-4-14C-17α-caproate (HPC), a long-acting progestational agent, was incubated with homogenates of rat liver and human placenta. The rat liver was found to reduce Ring A of HPC under anaerobic conditions to form allopregnane-3β,17α-diol-20-one-17α-caproate and pregnane-3β,17α-diol-20-one-17α-caproate, the allopregnane isomer being the major product. The caproic acid ester was neither removed nor altered during the incubation.
Placental tissue did not attack HPC under conditions where the 20-ketone of progesterone was reduced. It is postulated that this absence of attack on the side chain is due to steric hindrance from the caproate ester, and that this may account for the prolonged action of HPC.
THE DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF THE PANCREATIC ISLET VOLUME IN NORMAL AND HYPERGLYCAEMIC MICE
Authors: Hellman Bo , Brolin Sven , Hellerström Claes , Hellman Katharina 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The actual size distribution of the islets of Langerhans was studied both in normal mice and in mice with two different varieties of the obesehyperglycaemic syndrome. Symmetrical curves were obtained in all cases for the relation between the total islet volume and the islet diameter; the larger the total islet volume the greater the islet diameter corresponding to the maxima in these curves. There is also a regular arrangement of the islet organ in the hyperglycaemic animals even though the total islet volume in one of these two strains was almost 10 times as large as in their unaffected litter mates.
INTERACTIONS OF THE PINEAL AND EXPOSURE TO CONTINUOUS LIGHT ON ORGAN WEIGHTS OF FEMALE RATS
Authors: Wurtman Richard Jay , Roth Willard , Altschule Mark D. , Wurtman Judith J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Either exposure to constant light for 80 days or pinealectomy produced similar changes in the weights of the ovaries and adrenals of female rats. These were not additive when both procedures were employed. Pinealectomy did not share with light-exposure the capacity to induce uterine hypertrophy.
Rats exposed to constant light for 56 days had lighter pineals than animals kept in darkness; this decrease was not affected by administration of bovine pineal extracts.
The increase in ovarian weight produced in rats by exposure to light for 56 days was prevented by bovine pineal extracts, but these extracts were without effect on the uterine hypertrophy produced under the same conditions.
These data suggest that the effect of light upon the weight of the ovary is mediated via the pineal.
HODENHISTOLOGIE BEI HYPOPHYSENTUMOREN
Authors: Noelle Horst 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
In 2 males with hypopituitarism due to tumour of the hypophysis, biopsy of the testes was performed. Different types of hypogonadism were found. It is possible to clear up the type of hypogonadism by testis biospy and to substitute specifically.
STUDIES ON SULFATION FACTOR (SF) ACTIVITY OF HUMAN SERUM
Authors: Almqvist Sven , Ikkos Denis , Luft Rolf 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The effect of X-ray therapy and oestrogens on serum SF activity was studied in six acromegalic patients. X-ray therapy produced questionable clinical effects and no change of the serum SF level. In two subjects oestrogen resulted in a normal serum SF level which was paralleled by marked clinical improvement. In the other four cases, the serum SF level was not affected, although two of these patients showed minor clinical improvement.
QUANTITATIVE EFFECT OF SOME STEROID HORMONES ON THE MUCOSAL MAST CELLS AND TISSUE EOSINOPHILS IN THE RAT STOMACH WALL
Authors: Räsänen Toimi 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Prednisolone (11β,17,21-trihydroxy-pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione) injected into rats at 6 hour intervals for 48 hours causes degranulation of the mast cells of the gastric mucosa to an extent dependent on the dose. Tissue eosinophilia in the gastric lamina propria decreased more slowly with the smallest dose, but clearly with the higher doses.
Deoxycorticosterone (21-hydroxy-pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione) in doses of varying size produced no definite degranulation of the mast cells of the gastric mucosa, nor any changes in the tissue eosinophilia of the lamina propria.
It is suggested that glucocorticoids conjugate in the lamina propria of the gastro-intestinal canal with the polysaccharides of the mast granules, and that the tissue eosinophils eliminate the histamine and serotonin liberated.
VASCULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THYROXINE
Authors: Lorenzen lb 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Male albino rabbits were injected with 1-thyroxine and physiological saline for 2 weeks. The resulting changes in the aortic wall were assessed grossly and microscopically and also by analysis of hexosamine, hydroxyproline, water, and calcium. Furthermore, the in vivo uptake of 35S sulphate was determined. Despite insignificant gross and microscopic changes, there was a clear-cut increase in hexosamine content and uptake of 35S sulphate, most pronounced in the first part of the aorta, from the aortic valve to the first intercostal arteries, and in the abdominal aorta. These changes were of the same nature as those seen following injections of epinephrine and of epinephrine plus 1-thyroxine. The lesions of the aortic wall might be due to thyroxine induced sensitization to endogenous epinephrine, and the accumulation of mucopolysaccharide probably indicates a reparative process.
STUDIES ON OESTROGEN METABOLISM IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN
Authors: Barr M. , Diczfalusy E. , Tillinger K. G. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The urinary excretion of oestrone (3-hydroxy-oestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-17-one), 17β-oestradiol (oestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17β-diol) and oestriol (oestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,16α,17β-triol) was studied in infants and children before and after the intramuscular injection of 17β-oestradiol and oestriol, respectively. No measurable amounts of these oestrogens could be detected in the urine specimens collected during the pre-treatment period. Administration of 500 μg of 17β-oestradiol in oil to infants of 2 to 10 months of age did not give rise to measurable amounts of urinary oestrone or oestradiol; there was, however, a limited increase in oestriol excretion, corresponding to approximately 2 per cent of the administered dose. When the same amount of 17β-oestradiol was administered to children aged 2.5 to 9 years, significant amounts of oestrone + oestradiol (corresponding to 3.5 % of the administered dose) were excreted in the urine in addition to considerable amounts of oestriol (approximately 6 % of the administered dose). Following the administration of 500 μg of oestriol in oil to infants and children (2 to 36 months of age) only some 14 % of the administered oestriol could be recovered from the urine and only 2 % from the faeces.
It is concluded that the intermediary metabolism of 17β-oestradiol in infants is significantly different from that of adults. It is suggested that some time during the second year of life the oestradiol metabolism assumes the adult type. It is also suggested that – in contradistinction to the situation in the adult – in infants and young children oestriol does not represent a final stage in oestrogen metabolism, but rather an intermediate one, and that certain aspects of the oestrogen metabolism do not assume the adult type before the fourth year of life, or perhaps later.
ISOLATION OF PREGNENOLONE FROM CANINE ADRENAL VEIN BLOOD
Authors: Oertel Georg W. , Eik-Nes Krislen B. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
From 3100 ml pooled adrenal vein plasma of mongrel dogs a steroid was isolated, which by its infrared- and sulfuric acid spectrum, its mobility as free and acetylated compound in different systems of paper chromatography, and a positive reaction with sulfuric acid-ethanol reagent was identified as 3β-hydroxy-pregn-5-en-20-one.