bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of nitrogen fertilization rate and seeding density on the forage yield and quality of autumn‐sown triticale in an alpine grazing area of the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, China
Authors: He Junsheng , Liu Hancheng , Ren Yuxin , Liu Haibo , Du Wenhua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract‘Gannong No. 2’ triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) is a cold‐resistant annual forage crop variety, which can be planted as artificial pasture to solve the problem of forage shortage in the Gannan alpine grazing area of the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau. However, the optimal nitrogen fertilization rate and seeding density for obtaining high yield and quality forage are still unknown. In this study, the effects of nitrogen fertilization rate and seeding density on the forage yield and quality of autumn‐sown ‘Gannong No. 2’ triticale were studied. We used a split‐plot design, with five nitrogen fertilization rates assigned to the main plots, namely 0 (A1), 120 (A2), 240 (A3), 360 (A4), and 480 kg N ha−1 (A5), and five seeding densities assigned to subplots: 506 × 104 (B1), 675 × 104 (B2), 843 × 104 (B3), 1011 × 104 (B4), and 1180 × 104 seeds ha−1 (B5). Significant differences in lodging rate, tiller number, hay yield, crude protein content, neutral detergent fibre, and relative feed value were observed at different fertilization levels. Significant differences were found in lodging rate, plant height, tiller number, hay yield, contents of neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre, dry matter digestibility, and relative feed value among the seeding density treatments. The interaction of nitrogen fertilization rate and seeding density significantly affected forage yield and quality, with the A3B3 treatment having the highest comprehensive evaluation value. In alpine grazing areas of the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, 240 kg N ha−1 and 843 × 104 seeds ha−1 should therefore be used for autumn‐sown triticale.
Nutritional and inflammation factors associated with current frailty level and effect of co‐morbidities on the progression of frailty
Authors: Urano Tomohiko , Kuroda Tatsuhiko , Shiraki Masataka 
Published: April 2024

AimFrailty is defined as extreme vulnerability, a syndrome that exposes the individual to a higher risk of disability. While risk factors for frailty have been gradually uncovered, the full identification of biochemical factors and co‐morbidities influencing frailty remains incomplete.MethodsCross‐sectional and longitudinal analyses were performed to elucidate the risk factors for the prevalence and progression of frailty. The study included 1035 Japanese female outpatients. At baseline, biochemical markers were measured. Co‐morbidities included diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, vertebral osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis. Frailty levels were assessed using frailty scores ranging from 0 to 5. Prevalence of frailty was judged by a score of 3 or above, and progression was judged by an increase in the frailty score during the observation period. Multiple regression analysis was used for the cross‐sectional analysis, and the Cox hazard model was used for the longitudinal analysis.ResultsOf the 1035 selected participants, 212 were diagnosed with frailty. Advanced age and log IL‐6 and branched‐chain amino acids (BCAA) levels were significant independent risk factors for frailty. Subjects were followed for 7.7 ± 5.9 years and progression was observed in 130 subjects. Older age, the absence of hyperlipidemia, the presence of osteoporosis, and lower frailty scores were identified as significant risk factors for frailty progression.ConclusionsInflammatory and nutritional markers exhibited significant associations with the current frailty status, whereas co‐morbidities such as osteoporosis or hyperlipidemia emerged as independent risk or protective factors of future frailty progression. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 523–528.
Using large‐scale bibliometric data in higher education research: Methodological implications from three studies
Authors: Kwiek Marek , Horta Hugo , Powell Justin J. W. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAll fields of knowledge are challenged to adopt newer, more sophisticated methodologies to cope with growing complexity. Phenomena under study require further multidisciplinary and mixed methods collaborations to achieve expertise able to improve research strategies and practices. Furthermore, traditional methodological approaches face limits to their analytical reach. Here, we demonstrate opportunities from adopting newer, more sophisticated methodologies in the field of higher education (HE) research by comparing three case studies. We argue that such methods and data innovate the mapping and understanding of global HE. These studies uncover novel field characterizations, enabled via analysis of tens of thousands of HE authors and articles over several decades to assess how journal publication, topics, and levels of analysis (individual, organizational, and system) have evolved. Our results imply that to better understand the future of HE worldwide and to address growing challenges, newer methodological directions and data sources will be key to facilitate more comprehensive examinations of the globalizing field. However, our analysis also highlights the technical and learning challenges in implementing these methodologies; thus, we argue for the need to promote more sophisticated methodological training of current and future generations of HE researchers as well as strengthened collaborations across disciplinary, methodological, and cultural boundaries.
An opportunity for post‐harvest seafood safety: atmospheric pressure air or helium cold plasma to control Salmonella Enteritidis in sea bass
Authors: Üçok Didem , Akan Tamer , Kartal Sehban , Tosun Şehnaz Yasemin , Mol Sühendan , Coşansu Serap , Doğruyol Hande , Ulusoy Şafak , Bostan Kamil 
Published: April 2024

SummarySalmonella contamination of fish after harvest is a significant food safety risk. To control this risk, it was aimed to reduce Salmonella Enteritidis in sea bass by helium and air plasma. Considering that preserving the fresh properties of sea bass is important for industrial applicability, determining the sensory effects of plasma treatments was also aimed. Since air plasma would provide a cheaper and easier alternative to helium plasma, their effects were compared. Additionally, the in vitro effects of these treatments on Salmonella Enteritidis were also investigated. Air and helium plasma completely inhibited the initial load of S. Enteritidis (2.79 Log CFU) inoculated on agar surface after 10 min treatment. Then, the inoculated sea bass samples were exposed to air or helium plasma for durations ranging from 1 to 15 min. Air and helium plasma treatments for 10 min provided 0.90 log cfu g−1 and 1.13 Log CFU/g reductions, respectively, but longer treatments did not lead to further significant reductions. Sensory scores were all above 7 (good) when samples were treated with air or helium plasma for 1–10 min, but longer treatments resulted in lower scores. The reduction of S. Enteritidis and changes in sensory characteristics were interpreted together and it was concluded that 10 min of air or helium plasma provided maximum reduction without causing any significant sensory changes. Overall, the current study showed that atmospheric pressure air and helium plasmas can be useful for ensuring post‐harvest safety in the fish trade.
Refugee entrepreneurship in a non‐western country: How do Syrian refugee entrepreneurs respond to diaspora consciousness and negative prejudice?
Authors: Mousa Mohamed 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to identify how the diaspora consciousness of Syrian entrepreneurs in Egypt might affect their business practices. The research sample comprises semi‐structured interviews with Syrian refugee owners of small and medium‐sized businesses in Egypt. Thematic analysis was subsequently used to determine the main ideas in the transcripts from the interviews. The findings showed that diaspora consciousness stimulates Syrian refugees to actively engage in three categories of business‐related practices: contextual (expanding entrepreneurial activities outside their host country, desire to constitute a Western country‐based business venture), functional (reliance on a value chain within the same nationality, tending to adopt shadow economy practices), and procedural practices (preferring to develop family businesses, establishing only small and medium‐sized enterprises). This paper contributes by filling a gap in the literature on refugee entrepreneurship in which empirical studies on the effect of diaspora consciousness on the business practices of refugee entrepreneurs have been limited so far.
Immunotherapy and the ovarian cancer microenvironment: Exploring potential strategies for enhanced treatment efficacy
Authors: Wang Zhi‐Bin , Zhang Xiu , Fang Chao , Liu Xiao‐Ting , Liao Qian‐Jin , Wu Nayiyuan , Wang Jing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDespite progress in cancer immunotherapy, ovarian cancer (OC) prognosis continues to be disappointing. Recent studies have shed light on how not just tumour cells, but also the complex tumour microenvironment, contribute to this unfavourable outcome of OC immunotherapy. The complexities of the immune microenvironment categorize OC as a ‘cold tumour’. Nonetheless, understanding the precise mechanisms through which the microenvironment influences the effectiveness of OC immunotherapy remains an ongoing scientific endeavour. This review primarily aims to dissect the inherent characteristics and behaviours of diverse cells within the immune microenvironment, along with an exploration into its reprogramming and metabolic changes. It is expected that these insights will elucidate the operational dynamics of the immune microenvironment in OC and lay a theoretical groundwork for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy in OC management.
Prevalence of multidrug‐resistant bacterial infections in diabetic foot ulcers: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Yang Shaoling , Hu Liye , Zhao Yue , Meng Guangzhe , Xu Sijia , Han Rui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMultidrug‐resistant (MDR) bacterial infections have become increasingly common in recent years due to the increased prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). We carried out a meta‐analysis aimed at investigating the prevalence of MDR bacteria isolated from DFUs and analysing the risk factors for MDR bacterial infection in patients with DFUs. The PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Ovid, Scopus, and ProQuest databases were searched for studies published up to November 2023 on the clinical outcomes of MDR bacteria in DFUs. The main outcome was the prevalence of MDR bacteria in DFUs. A total of 21 studies were included, representing 4885 patients from which 2633 MDR bacterial isolates were obtained. The prevalence of MDR bacteria in DFUs was 50.86% (95% confidence interval (CI): 41.92%–59.78%). The prevalence of MDR gram‐positive bacteria (GPB) in DFUs was 19.81% (95% CI: 14.35%–25.91%), and the prevalence of MDR gram‐negative bacteria (GNB) in DFUs was 32.84% (95% CI: 26.40%–39.62%). MDR Staphylococcus aureus (12.13% (95% CI: 8.79%–15.91%)) and MDR Enterococcus spp. (3.33% (95% CI: 1.92%–5.07%)) were the main MDR‐GPB in DFUs. MDR Escherichia coli, MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MDR Enterobacter spp., MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae, and MDR Proteus mirabilis were the main MDR‐GNB in DFUs. The prevalence rates were 6.93% (95% CI: 5.15%–8.95%), 6.01% (95% CI: 4.03%–8.33%), 3.59% (95% CI: 0.42%–9.30%), 3.50% (95% CI: 2.31%–4.91%), and 3.27% (95% CI: 1.74%–5.21%), respectively. The clinical variables of diabetic foot ulcer patients infected with MDR bacteria and non‐MDR bacteria in the included studies were analysed. The results showed that peripheral vascular disease, peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy, osteomyelitis, Wagner's grade, previous hospitalization and previous use of antibacterial drugs were significantly different between the MDR bacterial group and the non‐MDR bacterial group. We concluded that there is a high prevalence of MDR bacterial infections in DFUs. The prevalence of MDR‐GNB was greater than that of MDR‐GPB in DFUs. MDR S. aureus was the main MDR‐GPB in DFUs, and MDR E. coli was the main MDR‐GNB in DFUs. Our study also indicated that peripheral vascular disease, peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy, osteomyelitis, Wagner's grade, previous hospitalization, and previous use of antibacterial drugs were associated with MDR bacterial infections in patients with DFUs.
Ca substitution in Ca1‐xSrxTi0.8Fe0.2O3‐δ perovskites for oxygen transport membranes: A promising strategy to improve CO2 tolerance
Authors: Fedeli Paolo , Nigroni Veronica , Malgrati Enrico , Cavaliere Angelo , Cammi Andrea , Drago Francesca 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOxygen transport membranes (OTMs) can be operated as efficient oxygen separators and oxygen distributors, but their diffusion is hampered by the lack of appropriate materials with sufficient chemical stability in operating conditions. Mixed ionic‐electronic conducting SrTiO3‐based perovskite are a promising option due to their remarkable resistance in reducing environments, but they are prone to degradation in CO2‐containing atmospheres owing to carbonate formation. In this study, we propose new Ca1‐xSrxTi0.8Fe0.2O3‐δ perovskites where the Sr2+ cation is partially substituted by Ca2+ to improve the tolerance to CO2. We show that, upon increasing Ca molar fraction, the phase stability in CO2 is progressively improved thanks to the mitigation of carbonate growth. The manufacturing process of the membranes benefits from Ca introduction, which promotes powder densification during sintering. A membrane made of Ca0.1Sr0.9Ti0.8Fe0.2O3‐δ exhibited a stable oxygen flux for 340 h at 900°C when swept with He and for 170 h at 900°C when swept with a gaseous stream containing 40% CO2. Post‐test characterizations confirmed the retention of the crystal structure after the long‐term permeation tests. Ca‐substituted SrTi1‐yFeyO3‐δ perovskites can be considered promising materials for OTMs working in harsh environments and in the presence of CO2.
Linking landscape and genetic variation in the heterogeneous Yungas Andean forest' hotspot: a multi taxa approach
Authors: Baccaro Lara Inés , Akmentins Mauricio Sebastián , García Cecilia G. , Martínez Juan José 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimThe factors that influence the diversity of Yungas Andean forest remain unexplored. Our study seeks to investigate the impact of key isolating factors on the genetic structure of multiple taxa, testing for four hypotheses: isolation by distance (IBD), isolation by resistance due to topography (IBRtopo), isolation by resistance due to habitat suitability (IBRsuit) and isolation by environmental dissimilarity (IBE).LocationYungas Andean forest.TaxonTetrapoda.MethodsWe analysed a dataset consisting of 477 Cyt‐b sequences from 138 localities, encompassing 13 species. Through multiple matrix regression, Moran Spectral Randomization of Mantel and GDM analyses, we tested the impact of each extrinsic predictor on observed genetic variation and determined the effect size of environmental variation on genetic divergence. Additionally, we investigated the spatial distribution of lineages within the study species.ResultsThe genetic variation within the Yungas exhibited varied responses that correspond to the regional landscape heterogeneity. We identified different isolating factors as the main predictor for specific species: IBD forAkodon spegazzinii; IBRtopo for certain small mammals' species; IBE forThylamys cinderellaandOligoryzomys brendae; and IBRsuit forCalomys fecundus,Oreobates barituensisandMelanophryniscus rubriventriswith some considerations. Furthermore, our results support the presence of a latitudinal pattern in the distribution of genetic lineages.Main ConclusionsThe heterogeneous landscape of the Yungas Andean forest posed varied effects on genetic variation. The effect of topography and continuity of suitable habitats over vertebrate dispersal shapes the genetic diversity, in particular topography acts either as a barrier or as corridor, while habitat suitability resistance mainly shapes endemism genetic structure; local climate represents a strong genetic promoter in transition zones; and the effect of geographic distance is less evident when considering other landscape promoter of genetic divergence. This reinforces the understanding that the complex interplay of environmental and historical factors contributes to the observed patterns of genetic diversity in this region.
The Geoeconomic Turn of the Single European Market? Conceptual Challenges and Empirical Trends
Authors: Herranz‐Surrallés Anna , Damro Chad , Eckert Sandra 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe nature of global economic interactions is undergoing profound changes. Rising concerns over the security and strategic implications of economic interdependence are leading to what is often defined as a ‘geoeconomic world order’. In framing this Special Issue, this article sets a common conceptual ground to assess whether, how and why the single European market is experiencing such ageoeconomic turnand how EU responses are shaping other international actors in the process. It develops a research agenda to examine (i) thesystemic pressurespushing towards geoeconomic responses, (ii) theinternal driversand processes determining the nature of the EU's geoeconomic turn (what we term ‘shades of geopoliticisation’) and (iii) theexternal consequencesof the EU's embrace of geoeconomics. The analytical discussion is complemented by an overview of empirical trends, drawing examples from the various fields of market integration and European policy‐making covered in the contributions to this Special Issue.
Do traumatic events and substance use co‐occur during adolescence? Testing three causal etiologic hypotheses
Authors: Patel Herry , Tapert Susan F. , Brown Sandra A. , Norman Sonya B. , Pelham William E. 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundWhy do potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and substance use (SU) so commonly co‐occur during adolescence? Causal hypotheses developed from the study of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD) among adults have not yet been subject to rigorous theoretical analysis or empirical tests among adolescents with the precursors to these disorders: PTEs and SU. Establishing causality demands accounting for various factors (e.g. genetics, parent education, race/ethnicity) that distinguish youth endorsing PTEs and SU from those who do not, a step often overlooked in previous research.MethodsWe leveraged nationwide data from a sociodemographically diverse sample of youth (N = 11,468) in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study. PTEs and substance use prevalence were assessed annually. To account for the many pre‐existing differences between youth with and without PTE/SU (i.e. confounding bias) and provide rigorous tests of causal hypotheses, we linked within‐person changes in PTEs and SU (alcohol, cannabis, nicotine) across repeated measurements and adjusted for time‐varying factors (e.g. age, internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, and friends' use of substances).ResultsBefore adjusting for confounding using within‐person modeling, PTEs and SU exhibited significant concurrent associations (βs = .46–1.26, ps < .05) and PTEs prospectively predicted greater SU (βs = .55–1.43, ps < .05) but not vice versa. After adjustment for confounding, the PTEs exhibited significant concurrent associations for alcohol (βs = .14–.23, ps < .05) and nicotine (βs = .16, ps < .05) but not cannabis (βs = ‐.01, ps > .05) and PTEs prospectively predicted greater SU (βs = .28–.55, ps > .05) but not vice versa.ConclusionsWhen tested rigorously in a nationwide sample of adolescents, we find support for a model in which PTEs are followed by SU but not for a model in which SU is followed by PTEs. Explanations for why PTSD and SUD co‐occur in adults may need further theoretical analysis and adaptation before extension to adolescents.
Human‐multimodal deep learning collaboration in ‘precise’ diagnosis of lupus erythematosus subtypes and similar skin diseases
Authors: Li Qianwen , Yang Zhi , Chen Kaili , Zhao Ming , Long Hai , Deng Yueming , Hu Haoran , Jia Chen , Wu Meiyu , Zhao Zhidan , Zhu Huan , Zhou Suqing , Zhao Mingming , Cao Pengpeng , Zhou Shengnan , Song Yang , Tang Guishao , Liu Juan , Jiang Jiao , Liao Wei , Zhou Wenhui , Yang Bingyi , Xiong Feng , Zhang Suhan , Gao Xiaofei , Jiang Yiqun , Zhang Wei , Zhang Bo , He Yan‐ling , Ran Liwei , Zhang Chunlei , Wu Wenting , Suolang Quzong , Luo Hanhuan , Kang Xiaojing , Wu Caoying , Jin Hongzhong , Chen Lei , Guo Qing , Gui Guangji , Li Shanshan , Si Henan , Guo Shuping , Liu Hong‐Ye , Liu Xiguang , Ma Guo‐Zhang , Deng Danqi , Yuan Limei , Lu Jianyun , Zeng Jinrong , Jiang Xian , Lyu Xiaoyan , Chen Liuqing , Hu Bin , Tao Juan , Liu Yuhao , Wang Gang , Zhu Guannan , Yao Zhirong , Xu Qianyue , Yang Bin , Wang Yu , Ding Yan , Yang Xianxu , Kai Hu , Wu Haijing , Lu Qianjin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundLupus erythematosus (LE) is a spectrum of autoimmune diseases. Due to the complexity of cutaneous LE (CLE), clinical skin image‐based artificial intelligence is still experiencing difficulties in distinguishing subtypes of LE.ObjectivesWe aim to develop a multimodal deep learning system (MMDLS) for human‐AI collaboration in diagnosis of LE subtypes.MethodsThis is a multi‐centre study based on 25 institutions across China to assist in diagnosis of LE subtypes, other eight similar skin diseases and healthy subjects. In total, 446 cases with 800 clinical skin images, 3786 multicolor‐immunohistochemistry (multi‐IHC) images and clinical data were collected, and EfficientNet‐B3 and ResNet‐18 were utilized in this study.ResultsIn the multi‐classification task, the overall performance of MMDLS on 13 skin conditions is much higher than single or dual modals (Sen = 0.8288, Spe = 0.9852, Pre = 0.8518, AUC = 0.9844). Further, the MMDLS‐based diagnostic‐support help improves the accuracy of dermatologists from 66.88% ± 6.94% to 81.25% ± 4.23% (p = 0.0004).ConclusionsThese results highlight the benefit of human‐MMDLS collaborated framework in telemedicine by assisting dermatologists and rheumatologists in the differential diagnosis of LE subtypes and similar skin diseases.