bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of shortening the dry period on colostrum and milk quality, blood parameters and some reproductive parameters in high-producing Holstein cows of different body condition score
Authors: Javani Javani Nazanin , Riasi Ahmad , Montazeri Esmaeil , Ansari Mahyari Saeid , Choupani Mohammad 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of shortening the dry period in high-yielding cows of different body condition scores (BCS). We report colostrum and milk quality, some serum metabolites, BCS changes, and some reproductive parameters with measurements being made over the first two months of lactation. Cows were grouped based on the length of the dry period (normal: about 50 d and short: about 28 d) and BCS (moderate: 2.75 to 3.5 and high ≥ 3.5). Short dry period decreased colostrum volume and, in combination with high BCS only, caused a decrease in milk production. Short dry period moderate BCS cows had the highest serum insulin concentration on day 14 after calving and highest glucose concentration on day 28, but neither differed significantly when measured over the whole period. By contrast, short dry period cows had significantly lower concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids and beta-hydroxybutyrate measured over the whole period. Post-partum loss of BCS was less in short and especially so in the short, moderate BCS group. Following a synchronization protocol at 35 d postpartum. The cows with a short dry period and moderate BCS had lower open days, days to first postpartum estrus and services per conception. It was concluded that short dry periods and moderate BCS had a positive influence on serum metabolites, BCS changes and reproductive parameters.
UK national survey on surgical gowning for tonsillectomy
Authors: Thakrar Jai , Patel Ankit , Joseph Jonathan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTonsillectomy is a common procedure performed nationally. The personal protective equipment and surgical gowning practices used during this procedure vary widely. We compiled a survey of ENT specialists to gain a national opinion about gowning in tonsillectomy with the aim of determining whether we could make it more environmentally friendly whilst maintaining the highest safety standards.MethodWe developed a nine-question survey that was piloted prior to final implementation. The questionnaire was sent to senior registrars and consultant otolaryngologists in the UK.ResultsThe survey was completed by a total of 63 ENT specialists. It was found that 82.54 per cent of clinicians would consider wearing a reusable gown that would be sterilised between each procedure.ConclusionOur survey suggests most ENT clinicians would consider using a more environmentally friendly surgical gown and some may even consider wearing no gown at all, although many are understandably concerned about the transmission of infection or blood splatter.
Association of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages with elevated blood pressure among college students in Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Xu Honglv , Zhao Yun , Tan Rui , Li Min , Yu Chunjie , Rui Danyun , Li Jiangli , Xiong Yuan , Zheng Weibin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Although some studies have examined the association between eating behaviour and elevated blood pressure (EBP) in adolescents, current data on the association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and EBP in adolescents in Yunnan Province, China, are lacking.

Setting:
Cluster sampling was used to survey freshmen at a college in Kunming, Yunnan Province, from November to December. Data on SSB consumption were collected using an FFQ measuring height, weight and blood pressure. A logistic regression model was used to analyse the association between SSB consumption and EBP, encompassing prehypertension and hypertension with sex-specific analyses.

Participants:
The analysis included 4781 college students.

Results:
Elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were detected in 35·10 % (1678/4781) and 39·34 % (1881/4781) of patients, respectively. After adjusting for confounding variables, tea beverage consumption was associated with elevated SBP (OR = 1·24, 95 % CI: 1·03, 1·49, P = 0·024), and carbonated beverage (OR = 1·23, 95 % CI: 1·04, 1·45, P = 0·019) and milk beverage (OR = 0·81, 95 % CI: 0·69, 0·95, P = 0·010) consumption was associated with elevated DBP in college students. Moreover, fruit beverage (OR = 1·32, 95 % CI: 1·00, 1·75, P = 0·048) and milk beverage consumption (OR = 0·69, 95 % CI: 0·52, 0·93, P = 0·014) was associated with elevated DBP in males.

Conclusion:
Our findings indicated that fruit and milk beverage consumption was associated with elevated DBP in males, and no association was observed with EBP in females.
Direct Observation of L‐X Mode of Auroral Kilometric Radiation in the Lower Latitude Magnetosphere by the Arase Satellite
Authors: Zhang Sai , Yin Qinpei , Yang Hongming , Xiao Fuliang , Zhou Qinghua , Yang Qiwu , Tang Jiawen , Deng Zhoukun , Kasahara Yoshiya , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Kumamoto Atsushi , Nakamura Yosuke , Tsuchiya Fuminori , Shinohara Iku , Nakamura Satoko , Kasaba Yasumasa , Hori Tomoaki 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that auroral kilometric radiation (AKR) can play an important role in the magnetosphere‐atmosphere coupling and has the right‐handed extraordinary (R‐X), left‐handed ordinary (L‐O) and left‐handed extraordinary (L‐X) modes. However, the L‐X mode has not been directly observed in the lower latitude magnetosphere yet, probably because of its very limited frequency range. Here, using observations of the Arase satellite on 6 September 2018, we present an AKR event with two distinct bands (8–20 and 300–1000 kHz) around the location: L = 8 and latitude = −37°. The low (high) band is identified as the L‐X (R‐X) mode based on the polarization and frequency ranges. Simulations of 3‐D ray tracing show that most of ray paths with 14 (11 and 18) kHz pass (miss) the location of Arase, basically consistent with observations. Our study provides direct evidence that the L‐X mode can propagate from high latitudes downward to lower latitudes.
Electron Acceleration at Earth's Bow Shock Due to Stochastic Shock Drift Acceleration
Authors: Lindberg M. , Vaivads A. , Amano T. , Raptis S. , Joshi S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe use the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission (MMS) to study electron acceleration at Earth's quasi‐perpendicular bow shock to address the long‐standing electron injection problem. The observations are compared to the predictions of the stochastic shock drift acceleration (SSDA) theory. Recent studies based on SSDA predict electron distribution being a power law with a cutoff energy that scales with upstream parameters. This scaling law has been successfully tested for a single Earth's bow shock crossing by MMS. Here we extend this study and test the prediction of the scaling law for seven MMS Earth's bow shock crossings with different upstream parameters. A goodness‐of‐fit test shows good agreement between observations and SSDA theoretical predictions, thus supporting SSDA as one of the most promising candidates for solving the electron injection problem.
Impacts of Hydrology and Extreme Events on Dissolved Organic Carbon Dynamics in a Heavily Urbanized Estuary and Its Major Tributaries: A View From Space
Authors: Cao Fang , Tzortziou Maria 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDissolved organic matter and its colored component, Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM), play a major role in global carbon budgets, and their fluxes provide an essential link between terrestrial and aquatic biogeochemical cycles. Satellite observations can uniquely capture the hydro‐biogeochemical connectivity of terrestrial and aquatic landscapes, across scales. Yet, accurate satellite retrievals of CDOM and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) dynamics remain challenging in urbanized estuaries and coasts. Here, we present an advanced unified algorithm for space‐based retrieval of coastal CDOM and DOC dynamics and its application in Long Island Sound—one of the world's most heavily urbanized estuaries that is becoming increasingly vulnerable to climate change stressors. A rich bio‐optical data set, encompassing a wide range of environmental conditions, was integrated into the algorithm training to retrieve DOC concentrations and CDOM spectral shape (i.e., spectral slope S275–295)—a proxy for DOC quality. The new algorithms were applied to full‐resolution satellite imagery from the Sentinel‐3 Ocean and Land Color Instrument (OLCI) after thoroughly evaluating the performance of six ocean color atmospheric correction approaches (ACOLITE, BAC, C2RCC, MUMM, l2gen, and Polymer). Evaluation of the algorithms yielded mean absolute percent differences of 28%, 12%, and 10% for aCDOM(300), S275–295, and DOC, respectively. Application of the algorithms to multi‐year satellite OLCI imagery captured, for the first time, the coupled impact of seasonal transitions, wind regimes, freshwater inputs, anthropogenic disturbances, and hydrological extremes (both intense precipitation and droughts) on DOC fluxes and CDOM quality at the ecosystem scale. Results have important implications for improved predictions of coastal biogeochemical fluxes in complex urban−estuary systems.
Revegetation Changes Main Erosion Type on the Gully–Slope on the Chinese Loess Plateau Under Extreme Rainfall: Reducing Gully Erosion and Promoting Shallow Landslides
Authors: Xu Yangguang , Luo Li , Guo Wenzhao , Jin Zhao , Tian Pei , Wang Wenglong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExtreme rainfall events pose a severe challenge to soil and water conservation, even in areas with high vegetation cover on the Loess Plateau. In this study, the artificial extreme rainfalls with cumulative rainfall of 270 mm and intensity of 60 mm · hr−1 were conducted on in‐situ experimental plots (20 × 2.5 m) on a loess gully–slope with gradients of 35°–40° that were treated with different grass coverage: (0%, 30%–40%, 70%–80%, >90%). The ephemeral gully/rill and shallow landslide occurred in plots were analyzed. Revegetation changed the erosion type on gully–slope, reducing gully erosion but promoting shallow landslide due to the change from infiltration–excess runoff to saturation–excess runoff. Under grass coverage of >90%, over 95% of rainfall seeped into the soil, and subsurface flow was generated due to the lower saturated hydraulic conductivity of underlying soil, which increased the possibility of landslides. The average erosion rate (0.36–3.29 g · m−2 min−1; no obvious erosion) in plots with 70%–80% coverage was 95.5% lower than that in bare land plots (27.8–47.5 g · m−2 min−1; ephemeral gully erosion), while due to landslides the average erosion rate in plots with >90% coverage (135.1–184.3 g · m−2 min−1) was 86.5 times higher than that in plots with 70%–80%. For grass, a coverage of 70%–80% was most effective in preventing soil erosion, controlling gully erosion and preventing landslides under extreme rainfall. These results deepen the understanding of the complex relationship between vegetation, gully erosion, and landslides in ecologically sensitive areas.
Dual-inhibition of NAMPT and PAK4 induces anti-tumor effects in 3D-spheroids model of platinum-resistant ovarian cancer
Authors: Kudo Kei , Greer Yoshimi Endo , Yoshida Teruhiko , Harrington Brittney S. , Korrapati Soumya , Shibuya Yusuke , Henegar Leah , Kopp Jeffrey B. , Fujii Takeo , Lipkowitz Stanley , Annunziata Christina M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOvarian cancer follows a characteristic progression pattern, forming multiple tumor masses enriched with cancer stem cells (CSCs) within the abdomen. Most patients develop resistance to standard platinum-based drugs, necessitating better treatment approaches. Targeting CSCs by inhibiting NAD+ synthesis has been previously explored. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), which is the rate limiting enzyme in the salvage pathway for NAD+ synthesis is an attractive drug target in this pathway. KPT-9274 is an innovative drug targeting both NAMPT and p21 activated kinase 4 (PAK4). However, its effectiveness against ovarian cancer has not been validated. Here, we show the efficacy and mechanisms of KPT-9274 in treating 3D-cultured spheroids that are resistant to platinum-based drugs. In these spheroids, KPT-9274 not only inhibited NAD+ production in NAMPT-dependent cell lines, but also suppressed NADPH and ATP production, indicating reduced mitochondrial function. It also downregulated of inflammation and DNA repair-related genes. Moreover, the compound reduced PAK4 activity by altering its mostly cytoplasmic localization, leading to NAD+-dependent decreases in phosphorylation of S6 Ribosomal protein, AKT, and β-Catenin in the cytoplasm. These findings suggest that KPT-9274 could be a promising treatment for ovarian cancer patients who are resistant to platinum drugs, emphasizing the need for precision medicine to identify the specific NAD+ producing pathway that a tumor relies upon before treatment.
Generation of G51D and 3D mice reveals decreased α-synuclein tetramer-monomer ratios promote Parkinson’s disease phenotypes
Authors: Nuber Silke , Zhang Xiaoqun , McCaffery Thomas D. , Moors Tim E. , Adom Marie-Alexandre , Hahn Wolf N. , Martin Dylan , Ericsson Maria , Tripathi Arati , Dettmer Ulf , Svenningsson Per , Selkoe Dennis J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMutations in the α-Synuclein (αS) gene promote αS monomer aggregation that causes neurodegeneration in familial Parkinson’s disease (fPD). However, most mouse models expressing single-mutant αS transgenes develop neuronal aggregates very slowly, and few have dopaminergic cell loss, both key characteristics of PD. To accelerate neurotoxic aggregation, we previously generated fPD αS E46K mutant mice with rationally designed triple mutations based on the α-helical repeat motif structure of αS (fPD E46K→3 K). The 3 K variant increased αS membrane association and decreased the physiological tetramer:monomer ratio, causing lipid- and vesicle-rich inclusions and robust tremor-predominant, L-DOPA responsive PD-like phenotypes. Here, we applied an analogous approach to the G51D fPD mutation and its rational amplification (G51D → 3D) to generate mutant mice. In contrast to 3 K mice, G51D and 3D mice accumulate monomers almost exclusively in the cytosol while also showing decreased αS tetramer:monomer ratios. Both 1D and 3D mutant mice gradually accumulate insoluble, higher-molecular weight αS oligomers. Round αS neuronal deposits at 12 mos immunolabel for ubiquitin and pSer129 αS, with limited proteinase K resistance. Both 1D and 3D mice undergo loss of striatal TH+ fibers and midbrain dopaminergic neurons by 12 mos and a bradykinesia responsive to L-DOPA. The 3D αS mice have decreased tetramer:monomer equilibria and recapitulate major features of PD. These fPD G51D and 3D mutant mice should be useful models to study neuronal αS-toxicity associated with bradykinetic motor phenotypes.
In situ analysis of osmolyte mechanisms of proteome thermal stabilization
Authors: Pepelnjak Monika , Velten Britta , Näpflin Nicolas , von Rosen Tatjana , Palmiero Umberto Capasso , Ko Jeong Hoon , Maynard Heather D. , Arosio Paolo , Weber-Ban Eilika , de Souza Natalie , Huber Wolfgang , Picotti Paola 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOrganisms use organic molecules called osmolytes to adapt to environmental conditions. In vitro studies indicate that osmolytes thermally stabilize proteins, but mechanisms are controversial, and systematic studies within the cellular milieu are lacking. We analyzed Escherichia coli and human protein thermal stabilization by osmolytes in situ and across the proteome. Using structural proteomics, we probed osmolyte effects on protein thermal stability, structure and aggregation, revealing common mechanisms but also osmolyte- and protein-specific effects. All tested osmolytes (trimethylamine N-oxide, betaine, glycerol, proline, trehalose and glucose) stabilized many proteins, predominantly via a preferential exclusion mechanism, and caused an upward shift in temperatures at which most proteins aggregated. Thermal profiling of the human proteome provided evidence for intrinsic disorder in situ but also identified potential structure in predicted disordered regions. Our analysis provides mechanistic insight into osmolyte function within a complex biological matrix and sheds light on the in situ prevalence of intrinsically disordered regions.
A large open access dataset of brain metastasis 3D segmentations on MRI with clinical and imaging information
Authors: Ramakrishnan Divya , Jekel Leon , Chadha Saahil , Janas Anastasia , Moy Harrison , Maleki Nazanin , Sala Matthew , Kaur Manpreet , Petersen Gabriel Cassinelli , Merkaj Sara , von Reppert Marc , Baid Ujjwal , Bakas Spyridon , Kirsch Claudia , Davis Melissa , Bousabarah Khaled , Holler Wolfgang , Lin MingDe , Westerhoff Malte , Aneja Sanjay , Memon Fatima , Aboian Mariam S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractResection and whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) are standard treatments for brain metastases (BM) but are associated with cognitive side effects. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) uses a targeted approach with less side effects than WBRT. SRS requires precise identification and delineation of BM. While artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms have been developed for this, their clinical adoption is limited due to poor model performance in the clinical setting. The limitations of algorithms are often due to the quality of datasets used for training the AI network. The purpose of this study was to create a large, heterogenous, annotated BM dataset for training and validation of AI models. We present a BM dataset of 200 patients with pretreatment T1, T1 post-contrast, T2, and FLAIR MR images. The dataset includes contrast-enhancing and necrotic 3D segmentations on T1 post-contrast and peritumoral edema 3D segmentations on FLAIR. Our dataset contains 975 contrast-enhancing lesions, many of which are sub centimeter, along with clinical and imaging information. We used a streamlined approach to database-building through a PACS-integrated segmentation workflow.
Wind turbine database for intelligent operation and maintenance strategies
Authors: Marti-Puig Pere , Blanco-M. Alejandro , Cusidó Jordi , Solé-Casals Jordi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWith the aim of helping researchers to develop intelligent operation and maintenance strategies, in this manuscript, an extensive 3-years Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition database of five Fuhrländer FL2500 2.5 MW wind turbines is presented. The database contains 312 analogous variables recorded at 5-minute intervals, from 78 different sensors. The reported values for each sensor are minimum, maximum, mean, and standard deviation. The database also contains the alarm events, indicating the system and subsystem and a small description. Finally, a set of functions to download specific subsets of the whole database is freely available in Matlab, R, and Python. To demonstrate the usefulness of this database, an illustrative example is given. In this example, different gearbox variables are selected to estimate a target variable to detect whether or not the estimate differs from the actual value provided for the sensor. By using this normality modelling approach, it is possible to detect rotor malfunction when the estimate differs from the actual measured value.
Brain tumor segmentation using synthetic MR images - A comparison of GANs and diffusion models
Authors: Usman Akbar Muhammad , Larsson Måns , Blystad Ida , Eklund Anders 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLarge annotated datasets are required for training deep learning models, but in medical imaging data sharing is often complicated due to ethics, anonymization and data protection legislation. Generative AI models, such as generative adversarial networks (GANs) and diffusion models, can today produce very realistic synthetic images, and can potentially facilitate data sharing. However, in order to share synthetic medical images it must first be demonstrated that they can be used for training different networks with acceptable performance. Here, we therefore comprehensively evaluate four GANs (progressive GAN, StyleGAN 1–3) and a diffusion model for the task of brain tumor segmentation (using two segmentation networks, U-Net and a Swin transformer). Our results show that segmentation networks trained on synthetic images reach Dice scores that are 80%–90% of Dice scores when training with real images, but that memorization of the training images can be a problem for diffusion models if the original dataset is too small. Our conclusion is that sharing synthetic medical images is a viable option to sharing real images, but that further work is required. The trained generative models and the generated synthetic images are shared on AIDA data hub.
Analytical evaluation of circulating tumor DNA sequencing assays
Authors: Li Wenjin , Huang Xiayu , Patel Rajesh , Schleifman Erica , Fu Shijing , Shames David S. , Zhang Jingyu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn China, circulating tumor DNA analysis is widely used and numerous assays are available. Systematic evaluation to help users make informed selections is needed. Nine circulating tumor DNA assays, including one benchmark assay, were evaluated using 23 contrived reference samples. There were two sample types (cell-free DNA and plasma samples), three circulating tumor DNA inputs (low, < 20 ng; medium, 20–50 ng; high, > 50 ng), two variant allele frequency ranges (low, 0.1–0.5%; intermediate, 0.5–2.5%), and four variant types (single nucleotide, insertion/deletion, structural, and copy number). Sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, and all processes from cell-free DNA extraction to bioinformatics analysis were assessed. The test assays were generally comparable or superior to the benchmark assay, demonstrating high analytical sensitivity. Variations in circulating tumor DNA extraction and quantification efficiency, sensitivity, and reproducibility were observed, particularly at lower inputs. These findings will guide circulating tumor DNA assay choice for research and clinical studies, allowing consideration of multiple technical parameters.