bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a trauma frailty scale in severely injured patients: the Nottingham Trauma Frailty Index
Authors: Alqarni Abdullah G. , Nightingale Jessica , Norrish Alan , Gladman John R. F. , Ollivere Benjamin 
Published: April 2024

AimsFrailty greatly increases the risk of adverse outcome of trauma in older people. Frailty detection tools appear to be unsuitable for use in traumatically injured older patients. We therefore aimed to develop a method for detecting frailty in older people sustaining trauma using routinely collected clinical data.MethodsWe analyzed prospectively collected registry data from 2,108 patients aged ≥ 65 years who were admitted to a single major trauma centre over five years (1 October 2015 to 31 July 2020). We divided the sample equally into two, creating derivation and validation samples. In the derivation sample, we performed univariate analyses followed by multivariate regression, starting with 27 clinical variables in the registry to predict Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS; range 1 to 9) scores. Bland-Altman analyses were performed in the validation cohort to evaluate any biases between the Nottingham Trauma Frailty Index (NTFI) and the CFS.ResultsIn the derivation cohort, five of the 27 variables were strongly predictive of the CFS (regression coefficient B = 6.383 (95% confidence interval 5.03 to 7.74), p < 0.001): age, Abbreviated Mental Test score, admission haemoglobin concentration (g/l), pre-admission mobility (needs assistance or not), and mechanism of injury (falls from standing height). In the validation cohort, there was strong agreement between the NTFI and the CFS (mean difference 0.02) with no apparent systematic bias.ConclusionWe have developed a clinically applicable tool using easily and routinely measured physiological and functional parameters, which clinicians and researchers can use to guide patient care and to stratify the analysis of quality improvement and research projects.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(4):412–418.
Common mental health problems and associated factors among recovered COVID-19 patients in rural area: A community-based survey in Bangladesh
Authors: Ibne Zaid Zobayer , Tasnim Anika , Haque Khan Md Maruf , Ahmed Ratan Zubair , Tanvir Islam Mohammad , Haque M. Atiqul 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Since the coronavirus (COVID-19) was announced as being a global pandemic on 11 March, governments from all parts of the world declared a quarantine period, during which people were prohibited from leaving their homes (except for essential activities) to contain the spread of the virus. Since then, the population has faced different levels of restrictions (i.e., mobility, social activities) that limited participation in normal daily routines. Consequently, these restrictions may have adversely changed physical activity, diet, sleep patterns, and screen time or work routine. So, the pandemic has had profound influence on the mental health of the entire societies. As the mental health status of Bangladeshi patients living in rural area that have recovered from COVID-19 has not been previously studied, this gap is addressed through the present investigation focusing on one rural Bangladeshi community.

Methods
A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit participants for this cross-sectional study. Data was gathered by conducting face-to-face interviews with 243 recovered COVID-19 patients (as confirmed by a positive Reverse Transcription PCR test) attending a local primary health care facility center and instructed to consider how they felt in the preceding week

Results
By administering a validated Bengali version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) to measure participants’ mental health status, we noted that 24% of the sample exhibited depressive symptoms. In addition, 30.9% and 21.8% of the participants experienced stress symptoms and reported anxiety, respectively. Sociodemographic factors such as female sex, lower educational level, living away from family, smaller living accommodations, and lower economic status significantly predicted mental health outcomes in multivariate logistic regressions.

Conclusion
These results may help health care providers formulate proper mental health interventions and preventive measures to minimize the mental health problems among patients that have recovered from COVID-19.
Priorities and barriers for ageing well; results from stakeholder workshops in rural and urban Rwanda
Authors: Uwizeyimana Theogene , Uwimana Aimable , Inkotanyi Collins Fred , Goodman-Palmer Dina , Ntaganira Samuel , Kanyana Leslie , Odland Maria Lisa , Agyapong-Badu Sandra , Hirschhorn Lisa , Yohannes Tsion , Greig Carolyn , Davies Justine 
Published: April 2024

Background
The National Older Person’s Policy of 2021 in Rwanda highlights the need for social protection of older populations. However, there is a lack of local knowledge regarding the priorities and challenges to healthy aging faced by older people and their caregivers.

Objectives
This study aimed to identify and compare the needs and priorities of older people and other stakeholders involved in caring for them in rural and urban areas of Rwanda.

Methods
The study was conducted in two locations, Kigali (urban) and Burera district (rural). Each site hosted two separate one-day workshops with older people (≥60 years) and stakeholders (all ages). Discussions were held in plenary and roundtable-groups to generate a list of the top 4 prioritized responses on areas of importance, priorities/enablers to be addressed, and obstacles to living a healthy and active life for older people. The research team identified similarities between stakeholder and older people’s responses in each area and a socio-ecological model was used to categorize findings.

Results
There were substantial differences in responses between rural and urban areas and between older people and stakeholders. For each question posed, in each rural or urban area, there was only agreement between stakeholders and older people for a maximum of one response. Whereas, when comparing responses from the same participant groups in urban or rural settings, there was a maximum agreement of two responses, with two questions having no agreement in responses at all. Responses across all discussion-areas were mostly categorized within the Societal level, with Individual, Relationship, and Environment featuring less frequently.

Conclusion
This study highlights the need for contextually curated interventions to address the concerns of older adults and their caregivers in rural and urban settings. An inclusive and multidimensional approach is needed to conquer the barriers that impede healthy aging, with input from various stakeholders.
Adverse fetal birth outcomes and its associated factors among mothers with premature rupture of membrane in Amhara region, Ethiopia
Authors: Alene Abebe Abrha , Mengesha Endalkachew Worku , Dagnew Gizachew Worku 
Published: April 2024

Background
Adverse birth outcomes are the leading cause of neonatal mortality worldwide. Ethiopia is one of the countries struggling to reduce neonatal mortality through different strategies, but neonatal mortality remains high for many reasons. Despite adverse birth outcomes being a public health problem in Ethiopia, the contribution of Premature rupture of the membrane to the adverse fetal birth outcome is neglected and not well explained in our country. This study aims to assess fetal birth outcomes and associated factors among mothers with all types of PROM at Specialized Hospitals in Amhara Region, Ethiopia.

Methods
A facility-based cross-sectional study design was applied among 538 mothers with premature rapture of the membrane at Amhara region specialized hospitals. A simple random sampling technique was employed to select the medical charts diagnosed with all types of PROM and giving birth in the hospital within the period from July 8, 2019, to July 7, 2021. The data was collected using a checklist, entered into EPI Data version 3.1, and analyzed using SPSS version 23. A binary logistic regression model was used to see the association between independent and dependent variables. A P-value <0.05 was used to declare the statistical significance. The AOR with 95% CI was used to measure the strength of the association.

Result
Adverse birth outcome among all types of Premature rupture of membrane mothers was 33.1% [95% CI 29.2–37.2]. Rural residents [AOR = 2.94, 95% CI:1.73–4.97], have a history of urinary tract infection [AOR = 6.87, 95% CI: 2.77–17.01], anemia [AOR = 7.51, 95% CI: 2.88–19.62], previous history of adverse birth outcome [AOR = 3.54, 95% CI: 1.32–9.47] and less than two years interpregnancy interval [AOR = 6.07, 95% CI: 2.49–14.77] were positively associated with adverse birth outcome compared to their counterparts.

Conclusion
The adverse birth outcome was high in the Amhara region as compared to the World Health Organization’s estimated figure and target; the target is less than 15%. History of the previous adverse birth outcome, residence, urinary tract infection, Anemia, and interpregnancy interval had an association with adverse birth outcomes. Therefore, strengthening close follow-up for mothers who had previous adverse birth outcomes, screening and treatment of urinary tract infection, anemia prevention, and maximizing birth interval are recommended for reducing adverse birth outcomes.
‘The way to obtain freedom and equality’: Experiences and needs of Thai adolescent mothers in terms of the use smartphone applications for breastfeeding support
Authors: Nuampa Sasitara , Sirithepmontree Sudhathai , Sudphet Metpapha , Patil Crystal L. 
Published: April 2024

Background
Breastfeeding brings about a positive impact on both child and maternal health in the short and long terms. However, adolescent mothers have a lower breastfeeding initiation rate and a shorter breastfeeding duration than adult mothers. Although mobile applications have been found to be the most widely used platform for breastfeeding support, there is still a lack of design specific for adolescents.

Aim
To explore the experiences, perspectives and needs of adolescent mothers and professional nurses using smartphone applications for breastfeeding support and the influence of this technology on healthcare in Thailand.

Methods
This formative qualitative research of the ‘Development of smartphone application for promoting breastfeeding and learning of infant responsiveness for Thai teenage pregnant women’ study intends to design a smartphone application and develop an implementation plan. A purposive sample was used to elicit experiences from adolescent mothers and nurses. Data were collected from 48 adolescent mothers through in-depth interviews with six focus group discussions and 12 nurses, following the data saturation principle. Thematic analysis was conducted, and potential factors and needs were mapped to the capability, opportunity, and motivation model of behaviour change (COM-B).

Results
Most adolescent mothers perceived the usefulness of smartphone apps as breastfeeding support resources. The qualitative findings of adolescent mothers were grouped into the following three themes: a friendly breastfeeding tool; allows them to manage their breastfeeding activities; and enhances the accessibility and equality of breastfeeding support. The professional nurses perceived the benefits of using smartphone applications in their work, which included the following three themes: reducing workload and making their work easier; preparation is always better; and increasing the standards of breastfeeding support.

Conclusion
Adolescent mothers and professional nurses showed favourable attitudes toward smartphone apps for breastfeeding support. These smartphone apps should be tailored to these groups to achieve optimal BF outcomes.
Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting lymph node metastasis in ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion: A SEER population-based study
Authors: Zhu Kaijun , Sui Yuan , Zhu Mingliao , Gao Yuan , Yuan Ying , Sun Pujian , Meng Liwei , Dai Jiangfeng , Li Zhian 
Published: April 2024

Background
Ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion (DCIS-MI) is a special type of breast cancer. It is an invasive lesion less than 1.0 mm in size related to simple ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Lymph node metastasis (LNM) in DCIS-MI often indicates a poor prognosis. Therefore, the management of lymph nodes plays a vital role in the treatment strategy of DCIS-MI. Since DCIS-MI is often diagnosed by postoperative paraffin section and immunohistochemical detection, to obtain the best clinical benefits for such patients, we aim to establish and verify a nomogram to predict the possibility of lymph node metastasis in DCIS-MI patients and help preoperative or intraoperative clinical decision-making.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of patients with DCIS-MI in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2019 was performed. The study cohort was randomly divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort at a ratio of 7:3. The risk factors were determined by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses in the training cohort, and a nomogram was constructed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the nomogram in the training set and validation set. An independent data cohort was obtained from the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Breast Cancer Database (SJTU-BCDB) for external validation.

Results
This study included 3951 female patients from SEER with DCIS-MI, including 244 patients with regional lymph node metastasis, accounting for 6.18% of the total. An independent test set of 323 patients from SJTU-BCDB was used for external validation. According to the multifactorial logistic regression analysis results, age at diagnosis, ethnicity, grade, and surgical modality were included in the prediction model. The areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) were 0.739 (95% CI: 0.702~0.775), 0.732 (95% CI: 0.675~0.788), and 0.707 (95%CI: 0.607–0.807) in the training, validation and external test groups, suggesting that the column line graphs had excellent differentiation. The calibration curves slope was close to 1, and the model’s predicted values were in good agreement with the actual values. The DCA curves showed good clinical utility.

Conclusion
In this study, we constructed accurate and practical columnar maps with some clinical benefit to predict the likelihood of lymph node metastasis in patients with postoperatively diagnosed DCIS-MI and provide a reference value for specifying treatment strategies.
Distribution of pathogens and risk factors for post-replantation wound infection in patients with traumatic major limb mutilation
Authors: Gao Chang , Wang Haiyan , Ju Jihui , Zhang Keran , Gao Ye , Guo Shiqi , Yin Di , Hou Ruixing , Guo Qiang 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Even though replantation of limb mutilation is increasing, postoperative wound infection can result in increasing the financial and psychological burden of patients. Here, we sought to explore the distribution of pathogens and identify risk factors for postoperative wound infection to help early identification and managements of high-risk patients.

Methods
Adult inpatients with severed traumatic major limb mutilation who underwent replantation from Suzhou Ruixing Medical Group between November 09, 2014, and September 6, 2022 were included in this retrospective study. Demographic, and clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes were collected. Data were used to analyze risk factors for postoperative wound infection.

Results
Among the 249 patients, 185 (74.3%) were males, the median age was 47.0 years old. Postoperative wound infection in 74 (29.7%) patients, of whom 51 (20.5%) had infection with multi-drug resistant bacteria. Ischemia time (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.13–1.53, P = 0.001), wound contamination (OR 6.01, 95% CI 2.38–15.19, P <0.001), and stress hyperglycemia (OR 23.37, 95% CI 2.30–236.93, P = 0.008) were independent risk factors, while the albumin level after surgery (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89–0.99, P = 0.031) was significant associated with the decrease of postoperative wound infection. Ischemia time (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.05–1.40, P = 0.010), wound contamination (OR 8.63, 95% CI 2.91–25.57, P <0.001), and MESS (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.02–1.71, P = 0.037 were independent risk factors for multi-drug resistant bacteria infection.

Conclusions
Post-replantation wound infection was common in patients with severe traumatic major limb mutilation, and most were multi-drug resistant bacteria. Ischemia time and wound contamination were associated with the increase of postoperative wound infection, including caused by multi-drug resistant. Positive correction of hypoproteinemia and control of stress hyperglycemia may be beneficial.
A blue fluorescent waterborne polyurethane-based Zn(ii) complex with antibacterial activity
Authors: Luo Xiang , Yang Yuqing , Yang Mingdi , Zhang Kehua , Xian Yuxi , Wang Ping , Xu Hongliang , Hu Xianhai 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Polymer-based transition metal complexes have attracted much attention in many fields of application. In this article, a fluorescent polymer-based transition metal complex was prepared by bonding the transition metal complex with the polymer. First, Schiff base salicylaldehyde ethanolamine (HL) as a ligand was prepared by the reaction of salicylaldehyde with ethanolamine. Then, salicylaldehyde glycolamine Zn(ii) transition metal complexes (ZnL2) were synthesized with HL and Zn2+ as the central ion. Finally, a blue fluorescent waterborne-based polyurethane Zn(ii) complex (ZnL2-WPU) with an antibacterial function was prepared with ZnL2 as a chain extender by modified acetone method. The characteristics of fluorescence, heat stability, and bacteriostasis were characterized. Compared with ZnL2, the UV–vis absorption peak of ZnL2-WPU shows a blue shift of about 20 nm. ZnL2-WPU has a strong blue fluorescence emission at 450 nm, and the intensity increases significantly with ZnL2 content. Surprisingly, the fluorescence lifetime of ZnL2-WPU is obviously increased, reaching more than one time that of ZnL2. Interestingly, the antibacterial efficiency of ZnL2-WPU against E. coli reached an incredible 99%. More importantly, ZnL2-WPU uses water as the dispersing medium, which is more environmentally friendly.
Glaube und Geschäft. Evangelikale Prediger und die Transformation des US-amerikanischen Protestantismus zwischen 1865 und 1930
Authors: Siemens Daniel 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Dass der evangelikale Protestantismus in den USA in enger Verbindung zur kapitalistischen Moderne stand und sogar als eines ihrer erfolgreichsten „Produkte“ angesehen werden kann, ist eine weit über den Kreis der Vertreter der Ökonomie der Religion hinaus vertretene These. Im Zentrum dieses Aufsatzes stehen drei Fallstudien zu Dwight L. Moody (1837–1899), William „Billy“ Sunday (1862–1935) and Bruce F. Barton (1886–1967), die die marktgerechte Propagierung eines besonderen Vertrauensverhältnisses zwischen dem Sohn Gottes und dem einzelnen Gläubigen, gekleidet in die Semantik von persönlicher Nähe und Geborgenheit, analysieren. Dieser Individualisierungsschub prägte die religiöse Kommunikation im protestantischen Milieu während der progressive era, einer Zeit extrem beschleunigter Urbanisierungs-, Migrations-, Industrialisierungs- und Rationalisierungsprozesse, entscheidend und wurde über den Kreis des Evangelikalismus hinaus ein wichtiger Aspekt bei der Konstruktion kapitalistischen Marktdenkens in den USA. Mit Jesus an ihrer Seite, so die Botschaft, könnten die Gläubigen nicht nur die Härten und Unwägbarkeiten ihres eigenen Lebens besser meistern und gesellschaftliche Übel bekämpfen, sondern sie gingen nun auch immer optimistischer in eine neue Welt des Konsums. Dieses Angebot war besonders für urban lebende weiße Männer attraktiv, die versuchten, ein Leben gestützt auf traditionelle christliche Werte mit den neuen Ansprüchen in der kapitalistischen Moderne in Übereinstimmung zu bringen und gerade durch die Verbindung eigentlich widersprüchlicher emotionaler Angebote zugleich fromme, starke und wirtschaftlich erfolgreiche Persönlichkeiten zu sein: ganze christliche Männer.
Processing reflexives in adjunct control: an exploration of attraction effects
Authors: Yoo Myung Hye 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Previous research has demonstrated that dependencies between reflexives and their licensors resist attraction effects from structurally illicit but feature-matching attractors. However, mechanisms guiding reflexive licensing in control clauses remain insufficiently explored. To address this gap, this paper examines whether reflexives in adjunct control clauses primarily seek their licensors within the same clause (i.e., from the null subject) or access noun phrases in higher clauses by probing attraction effects from attractors in the higher clauses. The licensing of the null subject is dependent on the animacy requirement of the main clause subject. Therefore, if the reflexive searches for its licensor from the higher clause, the gender manipulation of noun phrases in the higher clause should exclusively impact the reflexive processing, not the null subject licensing. A self-paced reading task reveals that the licensing of reflexives is sensitive to attraction effects, but only when the overall gender feature of the main clause subject is complex. This finding suggests that reflexives in adjunct control clauses do not exclusively rely on the null subject as a licensor; instead, they extend their search beyond the local domain of the adjunct clause, using gender cues. The observed selective attraction effects support the notion that the distinctiveness of the main clause subject matters.
Global Futurities: Articulating the Struggle for (Other) worldly Justice
Authors: Bui Long T. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This essay lays out the concept of global futurities, which I define as the discursive scales and plural epistemologies by which marginalized identities and groups articulate, construct, imagine, or locate their futures. While global future is usually based on what could happen to all people and the planet, my framework of global futurities maps the differential horizon of being and co-becoming for those who have been historically denied a future due to discriminatory processes such as Black communities, Indigenous peoples, formerly colonized populations, migrants, etc. Such futurities are not simply pluralistic in terms of cultural diversity, but they serve as counter-hegemonic forms of futuring and worlding, shaped by dissident interests and political actors dedicated to promoting (Other)worldly justice. These subaltern viewpoints challenge a singular framing of humanity, as they involve multiple nodes and networks of power/knowledge/desire. These ontological and temporal geographies are centered in queer, feminist, intersectional, anti-racist, multi-species forms of collective agency amid existential threats from colonialism, globalization, the Anthropocene, and the COVID-19 pandemic.