bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Informed consent: using a structured interview changes patients' attitudes towards informed consent
Authors: Dawes P. J. D. , O'Keefe L. , Adcock S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPatients want to know more about their condition and its proposed treatment. Gaining patients' confidence before treatment reduces the chances of their seeking legal redress for an unexpected outcome. As part of a prospective study of informed consent for surgery we have assessed the attitudes of patients towards informed consent when different types of consent interview are used.We found that most patients are happy to do as their doctor advises but think the informal consent interview is important because it gives them information; they also want to know about most, but not all, complications of the procedure. One quarter worried about the anaesthetic, about one eighth worried about ‘not waking up’ nd similar proportions worried about complications and other things such as pain and nausea. Most patients think that the consent form is a legal document.In addition patients who had an informal interview felt obliged to sign the consent form and thought it had medicolegal implications. In contrast those who had a structured interview felt less obliged to sign the consent form and more involved in the decision to operate.
The management of lateral sinus thrombosis
Authors: Singh Bharath 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe standard recommended treatment for lateral sinus thrombosis is intravenous antibiotics. For those that fail, some authors recommend anticoagulant therapy, others internal jugular vein ligation. Despite these recommendations, there is still a significant mortality in all reported large series and the main reason this is that the cause of the failure has not been found or investigated.Over a six-year-period, from January 1985 to December 1990,36 patients were admitted with lateral sinus thrombosis. The initial treatment consisted of intravenous antibiotics and surgery. The surgery included cortical mastoidectomy for non-cholesteatomatous ears and modified radical mastoidectomy for cholesteatomatous ears and drainage of the intracranial collection of pus in patients with subdural empyema and brain abscess.There were nine failures (25 per cent) with this treatment regimen. Blood cultures and pus swab of the ears were taken from these patients. The blood cultures were positive in four patients and the organisms isolated included (3-haemolyticStreptococcus sp.in two,Proteus mirabilis and Streptococcuspneumoniaein one each). From the ear swab mixed cultures were found in eight and a single organism in one.Gram-negative organisms were isolated in nine (100 per cent),Proteus mirabilisin eight (89 per cent) andEnterobacter sp.in two. Both these organisms were resistant to ampicillin and penicillin but were sensitive to amikacin.Amikacin was then added to the treatment regimen and a dramatic response with a fall in the temperature, and improvement in the patients' general condition was noted within 24 hours, in all patients. There was not a single death, despite the fact that 42 per cent of the patients had other associated intracranial complications. The conclusion is that the treatment of choice for patients refractory to the conventional antibiotic therapy and surgery is amikacin therapy and not internal jugular vein ligation, or anticoagulant therapy.
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss in haemoglobin SC disease
Authors: Tavin M. Ellis , Rubin John S. , Camacho Fernando J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPresented herein is a case report of sudden sensorineural hearing loss in the setting of haemoglobin SC disease. The relationship of the two is rare; the authors have found that this is only the second report in the literature. In this instance, partial exchange transfusions were performed in an attempt to decrease viscosity and improve blood flow. Thereafter, hearing stabilized and then slowly improved. The evidence for the beneficial role of these transfusions in this setting is, at best, circumstantial, but it is theoretically sound and worthy of further study.
Acute visual loss in association with sinusitis
Authors: El-Sayed Yousry , Al-Muhaimeid Hamad 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAcute visual loss may occur in association with sinusitis either as a complication of orbital cellulitis or, less frequently, as a part of the orbital apex syndrome. We describe two cases of temporary monocular visual loss caused by sinusitis. In one case the visual loss was due to orbital cellulitis; while in the other patient it was due to incompletely developed orbital apex syndrome. This later mode of presentation is called ‘partial orbital apex syndrome’ by some authors and ‘posterior orbital cellulitis’ by others.The relationship between sinusitis and blindness is discussed.
Basal cell adenocarcinoma of the parotid gland: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Atula Timo , Klemi Pekka-Juhani , Donath Karl , Happonen Risto-Pekka , Joensuu Heikki , Grenman Reidar 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBasal cell adenocarcinoma is a rare salivary gland tumour. A DNA diploid parotid gland basal cell adenocarcinoma, with a low mitotic rate, in a 78-year-old female patient is described. Total removal of the affected salivary gland without sacrificing the facial nerve gave a good therapeutic result.
Granular cell tumour of the larynx in an eight-year-old girl
Authors: Hamid Abdalla M. , Alshaikly Abduljabbar 
Published: November 2007

AbstractGranular cell tumour is a rare benign neoplasm, that can affect many parts of the body, as single or multiple lesions. It is more common in black people and females. Typically it occurs between the fourth and fifth decades of life, with the median age for the laryngeal variety as 36 years. About 30 to 50 per cent occur in the tongue and 30 per cent in the skin.A case of granular cell tumour of the larynx is reported in an eight-year-old girl, presenting with hoarseness of voice. She was successfully treated with local excision of the tumour. This tumour is rare in the larynx where it is more common in males than females although granular cell tumours are found more frequently in females generally.For these reasons the authors suspect that their case, of a laryngeal granular cell tumour occurring in an eight-year-old girl might be the youngest to be reported.
Facial palsy after glomus tumour embolization
Authors: Herdman Rory C. D. , Gillespie James E. , Ramsden Richard T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case is presented of a patient undergoing pre-operative embolization of a glomus tumour who developed a facial palsy one hour after embolization. At the time of surgery it was found to be due to the embolization material (polyvinyl alcohol foam) blocking the stylomastoid artery. The blood supply of glomus tumours and the variations in the blood supply of the facial nerve are discussed.
Type II collagen autoimmunity and Ménière's disease
Authors: Herdman R. C. D. , Morgan K. , Holt P. J. L. , Ramsden R. T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAntibodies to type II collagen have been reported by some authors to be raised in patients with Ménière's disease. In this study the antibody levels to type I and II collagen have been measured in 37 patients with Ménière's disease and 20 controls, using a solid-phase, double-antibody, enzyme-linked, immunoassay. No significant difference in antibody levels between the two groups was found. These findings do not support previously reported work which suggests that some cases of Ménière's disease are due to type II collagen autoimmunity.
Sinus computerized tomography in primary hypogammaglobulinaemia
Authors: Snow D. G. , Hansel T. T. , Williams P. E. , Drake-Lee A. B. , Thompson R. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThirteen patients suffering from primary hypogammaglobulinaemia receiving intravenous immunoglobulin replacement therapy underwent computerized tomography of the paranasal sinuses. The CT scans were evaluated and related to clinical data from the patients, who were selected for study on the basis of having symptoms of rhinosinusitis. The scans varied from normal to demonstrating widespread sinus abnormality. Th.ere was no relationship between the scan findings and duration of ENT symptoms, range of current symptoms, or the interval between the onset of ENT symptoms and the start of intravenous immunoglobulin replacement therapy. It is nevertheless possible that prompt institution of replacement therapy, after correct diagnosis early in the course of the disease, may prevent the development of sinus disease refractory to such treatment.
Ligation of the internal jugular vein in venous hum tinnitus
Authors: Nehru Vikas Indernath , Al-Khaboori M. J. J. , Kishore K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractVascular anomalies, extracranial and intracranial arteriovenous malformations as well as glomus jugulare tumour are well known causes of pulsatile tinnitus. Of late, benign intracranial hypertension has been stated to be a more common cause. However, tinnitus arising from and within the internal jugular vein has been reported only infrequently. Previously known as cephalic bruit and essential objective tinnitus, the venous hum tinnitus presents as pulse synchronous unilateral objective tinnitus. Ligation of the internal jugular vein appears to be a successful treatment. Two cases are presented.
Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the larynx
Authors: Mochimatsu Izumi , Tsukuda Mamoru , Sawaki Shuji , Nakatani Yukio 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of IgD myeloma in a 54-year-old male with a long-standing history of extramedullary plasmacytoma involving the larynx is reported.The patient was treated with radiation therapy and laryngectomy. Twelve years later, he complained of nasal bleeding. On examination he was found to have large masses in the left nasal cavity and in the left supraclavicular region. Histological examination of both lesions showed plasmacytoma. Serum immunoglobulin studies revealed an IgD monoclonal spike of the lambda type. Bence-Jones protein was present. Using the immunoperoxidase staining technique, cytoplasmic monoclonal IgD was detected.
An unusual cause of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
Authors: Andaz C. , Whittet H. B. , Ludman H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBenign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a self-limiting condition characterized by vertigo and nystagmus induced by certain head positions. The most common causes of BPPV are post-traumatic following head injury and post-viral labyrinthitis. We present an interesting case of BPPV following an otherwise uneventful neurosurgical removal of a parietal osteoma using hammer and chisel. Caution should be exercised during such procedures as disabling vertigo can result for a considerable period of time.
Preparation of a temporal bone exhibit
Authors: Natarajan B. , Baxter A. 
Published: November 2007

Temporal bone dissection forms an important aspect in the training of an otolaryngologist. The more dissection one does the more confident one is in the operating room. The aim of this paper is to advise in the preparation of temporal bones for the purpose of display, exhibition or competition. The practical aspects of dissection are deliberately avoided concentrating on the selection of bones pre- and post-dissection, preparation of the bones, fixing and display of vessels and nerves and also mounting and lighting for exhibition purposes.The temporal bone laboratory should be well equipped with a microscope, a power drill with a range of cutting and polishing burrs, a range of fine instruments, a suction machine with different sizes of suction tips, water source, a place to store the bones etc., thus creating an ideal environment for temporal bone dissection.
Temporal bone fibrous dysplasia and cholesteatoma leading to the development of a parapharyngeal abscess
Authors: Yagoda Michelle R. , Selesnick Samuel H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMonostotic fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone is a rare disease entity that may lead to progressive stenosis of the external auditory canal with resultant trapping of skin and the development of cholesteatoma. The cholesteatoma may extend widely into the temporal bone. Once cholesteatoma occupies the petrous apex, erosion out of the temporal bone can occur superiorly into the middle fossa, posteriorly into the posterior fossa, inferiorly into the neck, and infero-medially into the parapharyngeal space. We present a case in which minimal symptoms were present despite a massive temporal bone fibrous dysplasia and cholesteatoma. Eventually, cholesteatoma eroded into the parapharyngeal space, leading to airway compromise. Late presentation occurred because the otic capsule was spared, there was no external skull deformity and there was slow inferior and medial growth that was well tolerated, until the development of a parapharyngeal space abscess.
Effect of hearing loss in electrocochleographic investigation of endolymphatic hydrops using tone-pip and click stimuli
Authors: Koyuncu M. , Mason S. M. , Shinkwin C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractExtratympanic electrocochleography (ECochG) was performed on 37 patients referred to the Evoked Potential Clinic with suspected Ménière's disease. The patients were classified according to their hearing impairment and audiometric configuration. Click and tone-pip stimuli with tone frequencies of 1 and 4 kHz were presented at a rate of 10 per second. Amplitude, latency and general waveform characteristics of the summation potential (SP) and action potential (AP) were analysed for each averaged response with respect to the level and configuration of the hearing loss. The highest incidence of abnormal percentage SP was in patients with average hearing loss in the range of 40–64 dB HL using the click stimulus. In low tone hearing loss, hydrops was identified from an enhanced SP in significantly more patients using the click and 4 kHz tone-pip than the 1 kHz stimulus. Measurement of the width of the 1 kHz tone-pip response waveform was abnormal in some patients even though the click and 4 kHz responses were normal. The optimum stimulus for identification of hydrops from an enhanced SP is dependent on the level and configuration of the hearing loss.
The role of Chlamydia pneumoniae in severe acute tonsillitis
Authors: Hone S. W. , Moore J. , Fenton J. , Gormley P. K. , Hone R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChlamydia pneumoniae has been implicated as a cause of tonsillitis and pharyngitis, but the incidence has varied from one to 19 per cent in various studies. We investigated 51 patients admitted to University College Hospital, Galway, with severe tonsillitis. Throat swabs were examined for evidence of Chlamydia pneumoniae using a direct monoclonal antibody test. Blood was taken for serology from 45 patients. A further specimen was taken at six weeks. A control group of 32 blood bank sera was used. Mean hospital stay was three days (one to eight). Five patients (10 per cent) were monospot positive. Chlamydia pneumoniae was identified by direct immunofluorescence on a tonsillar swab from one patient who did not seroconvert. IgG antibody was identified in 13 cases (29 per cent) and in seven of the control group (22 per cent). No serological evidence of recent infection was found. Chlamydia pneumoniae was not found to be a cause of severe acute tonsillitis in our study group.
Deep neck abscesses – changing trends
Authors: Sethi Dharambir S. , Stanley Ralph E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA retrospective review was conducted of 64 patients with deep neck abscesses. Based on clinical and operative findings, these abscesses were categorized as retropharyngeal abscess (29 patients), parapharyngeal abscess (10 patients), Ludwig's angina (19 patients), or necrotizing cervical fasciitis (six patients). Regional trauma from an ingested foreign body was the cause for 59 per cent of the patients with a retropharyngeal abscess. In 90 per cent of subjects with Ludwig's angina, an odontogenic cause was established; however, in the majority of cases of parapharyngeal abscess (80 per cent) and necrotizing fasciitis of the neck (85 per cent), aetiology was unknown.Fifty-five patients (86 per cent) required open neck drainage. In the remaining nine (14 per cent) endoscopic drainage of the abscess was possible. Eight patients (12 per cent) needed a tracheotomy for airway control. The overall mortality was eight per cent despite aggressive anti-microbial therapy and early surgical intervention. Thirty-four cultures grew aerobic organisms. Seventy-six per cent of these were gram-negative microorganisms. The bacteriological pattern of deep neck abscesses is changing and may be responsible for the considerable mortality rate with which the abscesses are still associated despite anti-microbial therapy.
Neurofibroma of the supraglottic larynx in childhood
Authors: Czigner Jenö , Fekete-Szabó Gabriella 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe case of a male child with a benign neurogenic laryngeal tumour caused by von Recklinghausen's disease is presented. At the age of eight years, tracheostomy was necessary. The tumour, deforming the right half of the larynx and extending into the right half of the neck, was removed three years later. Following this procedure, decannulation was possible, and the patient has been free of laryngological complaints for six years.Attention is drawn to the fact that autosomal dominantly inherited neurofibromatosis is a generalized benign tumour with a special form. If it involves any vital structure or forms a functional obstacle, meticulous surgical removal is necessary, and this provides good prospects over a long period.
Acute pharyngitis, an unusual complication of intravenous hyperalimentation
Authors: Sakaguchi Masanori , Taguchi Kiichiro , Ishiyama Tetsuya 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWhile the numerous complications of intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH) are well recognized, we encountered a unique one. A 60-year-old man developed a sore throat, neck pain and fever seven days after catheterization of the subclavian vein to provide post-operative nutrition. Marked swelling was visible at the right posterior wall of his oropharynx and hypopharynx. X-ray of the neck revealed that the tip of the catheter was positioned in the internal jugular vein, not the subclavian vein as intended. The acute pharyngitis, diagnosed as due to phlebitis of the internal jugular vein due to the malpositioned catheter, subsided within two days of catheter removal.
Ossified thyroglossal cyst – is it of embryological significance?
Authors: Davis J. P. , Toma A. G. , Robinson P. J. , Friedmann I. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a case of a partly ossified thyroglossal cyst in close proximity to the hyoid bone and discuss the possible embryological significance of this. Thyroglossal cysts occurring within the hyoid bone or deep to the hyoid periosteum support previous suggestions that the thyroglossal tract can sometimes be trapped within the developing hyoid bone.
Massive epistaxis following sphenoid sinus exploration
Authors: Hollis L. J. , McGlashan J. A. , Walsh R. M. , Bowdler D. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractInternal carotid artery trauma is a rare but potentially disastrous complication of surgery to the sphenoid sinus and pituitary gland. Emergency and elective procedures to establish haemostasis are discussed.
Closure of the petrous apex of the temporal bone with ionomeric cement following translabyrinthine removal of an acoustic neuroma
Authors: Helms J. , Geyer G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWhen performing translabyrinthine surgery for acoustic neuroma, the surgeon opens the cerebrospinal fluid space. To prevent the development of post-operative meningitis, the surgical defect should be closed reliably in a watertight fashion. To date, this has been done with success in 12 patients altogether using a self-curing bone cement (ionomeric cement). During follow-up for a maximum of three years there has been no evidence of cerebrospinal fluid leaks.
Vocal process granulomata
Authors: McFerran D. J. , Abdullah V. , Gallimore A. P. , Pringle M. B. , Croft C. B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThecase records and histology of 34 patients with vocal process granulomata were reviewed. The five patients presenting most recently with idiopathic vocal process granulomata were investigated by axial computerized tomography (CT). Increased density of the arytenoid cartilage on the side of the lesion was found in all five cases. It is suggested that this indicates cartilage ossification, secondary to periochondritis. This perichondritis, playing either a primary or a secondary role in granuloma development, may explain the annoying tendency of vocal fold granulomata to recur after excision.
Isolated laryngeal leishmaniasis in an immunocompetent patient: successful treatment with surgery
Authors: Cunchillos M. Navarro , Marcos J. L. Villanueva , Torre-Cisneros J. , Aumente P. Ostos , López-Rubio F. , Villarejo P. López 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe localization of Leishmania spp. in the larynx is rare but it has recently been described in patients infected by humanimmunodeficiency virus (HIV). The normal treatment given is antimonials. We describe a case of isolated leishmaniasis inthe larynx which was cured by surgery. Our patient was a 47-year-old man who had suffered visceral leishmaniasis in hischildhood with no immunosuppression.
Aggressive (malignant?) epithelial odontogenic ghost cell tumour of the maxilla
Authors: Siar C. H. , NG K. H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case is described of ameloblastoma of the mandible presenting with multiple recurrences and subsequent extension to the maxilla with resultant transformation into an aggressive (malignant?) epithelial odontogenic ghost cell tumour. The latter is a rare, biologically virulent entity that affects mainly males, exhibits a preference for the maxilla and is histologically characterized by atypical malignant odontogenic epithelium associated with areas of ghost cell formation and varying amounts of dentinoid
Single grade specialist training in otolaryngology – a survey of attitudes among present and recent trainees
Authors: Collins Melanie , Ryan Rowena 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe authors present the results of a postal questionnaire about possible advantages, disadvantages, and logistics of a single grade training scheme. Replies were received from 13 recently appointed consultants and 42 otolaryngologists in training. The majority (43) were in favour of a single grade training scheme, although it was felt that certain potential problems would need to be carefully addressed, particularly the potential for narrow clinical exposure and the difficulties inherent in early selection for higher surgical training. It was also felt that for such schemes to work, considerable extra consultant time would need to be set aside purely for teaching. The respondents' ideal training scheme is outlined.
The use of rigid endoscopes in cholesteatoma surgery
Authors: Yung Matthew Man Wah 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe existence of blind pockets in the middle ear during cholesteatoma surgery could compromise complete removal of the disease, e.g. from the sinus tympanum. The use of side-viewing rigid endoscopes in conjunction with the operating microscope to control and facilitate cholesteatoma removal during mastoid operation studied.Ninety-two primary operations for cholesteatoma over a four-year period were examined. Over one-third (35.9 per cent) of these cases had cholesteatoma extended into the sinus tympanum. Sixty-four operations were small cavity mastoidectomy. The others were either canal wall reconstruction or primary obliteration following open cavity mastoidectomy.Although residual cholesteatoma was found in three patients, only one was in the middle ear. It is concluded from this study that side-viewing endoscopes could be very useful in cholesteatoma surgery.