bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intra‐operative rapid diagnostic method based on CK19 mRNA expression for the detection of lymph node metastases in breast cancer
Authors: Visser Mike , Jiwa Mehdi , Horstman Anja , Brink Antoinette A.T.P. , Pol Rene P. , van Diest Paul , Snijders Peter J.F. , Meijer Chris J.L.M. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractStaging by sentinel node (SN) biopsy is the standard procedure for clinically node‐negative breast cancer patients. Intra‐operative analysis of the SN allows immediate axillary lymph node (ALN) dissection in SN positive patients, but a quick, reliable and reproducible method is lacking. We tested the suitability of a quantitative cytokeratin 19 (CK19) mRNA one step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA#) technique (OSNA‐CK19) for intra‐operative SN analysis. OSNA‐CK19 involves a short manual sample preparation step and subsequent fully automated amplification of CK19 mRNA based on reverse transcription loop‐mediated isothermal amplification, with results available within 30–40 min. OSNA‐CK19 was compared to histological staining (Hematoxylin&Eosin and CAM5.2 and CK19 immunostaining) of 346 frozen ALNs from 32 breast cancer patients, using half of the lymph node for each method. 267 samples were negative and 61 positive by both methods. Three samples were histology positive and OSNA‐CK19 negative. Fifteen samples were histology negative and OSNA‐CK19 positive, 11 of which had copy numbers close to the cut‐off level of OSNA‐CK19. Seven of these 15 samples were RT‐PCR positive for epithelial markers and/or showed CK19 protein expression by Western blot suggesting the presence of tumor deposits in the lymph node part investigated by OSNA‐CK19. Concordance with histology was 94.8%, and 96.8% after exclusion of the latter 7 discordant cases. Sensitivity was 95.3% and specificity was 94.7% before and 97.1% after discordant case investigation. Our results indicate that OSNA‐CK19 can potentially be useful in an intra‐operative clinical setting to detect SN tumor involvement in breast cancer patients. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Qualitative detection of Mg content in a leaf of Hedera helix by using X‐ray radiation from a laser plasma source
Authors: Reale Lucia , Lai Antonia , Sighicelli Maria , Faenov Anatoly , Pikuz Tatiana , Flora Francesco , Zuppella Paola , Limongi Tania , Palladino Libero , Poma Anna , Kaiser Josef , Galiova Michaela , Balerna Antonella , Cinque Gianfelice 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn this article, a method to reveal the presence of Mg content inside the different parts of leaves of Hedera helix is presented. In fact a sample of a Hedera helix's leaf, commonly characterized by a green and a white side, is analyzed under X‐ray radiation. The presence of two zones with different colors in the Hedera helix's leaf has not been explained. In this connection, there are presently three hypotheses to explain the characteristic double‐color appearance of the leaf. The first hypothesis suggests a different cytoplasmic inheritance of chloroplasts at the cell division, the second a different allelic composition, homozygote and heterozygote, between the two zones, and finally the third the action of a virus which changes the color properties in the Hedera's leaves. The resulting effect is a different content of “something” between the green and the white side. We utilized X‐ray radiation, obtained from a plasma source with a Mg target, to image Hedera helix leaves and we found that the green side of the leaf is highlighted. We may suppose that the reason why the X‐rays from a Mg plasma source, allow us to pick up the green side is probably due to the greater presence of the amount of Mg (from chlorophyll or other complexes and/or salts) in the two sides, green and white, of the leaf. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mechanism of a gas‐phase dissociation reaction of 4‐aminobutyl glycosides under CID MS/MS conditions
Authors: Shioiri Yuki , Suzuki Katsuhiko , Kanie Osamu 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe assembly of monosaccharides during the synthetic process of glycan structures is responsible for the diversity of this family of molecules. Because of the complexity of the glycan structure, synthesis of oligosaccharides and structural analysis have been difficult tasks. During efforts to develop glycosides carrying an aglycon that can be used in both functional and structural investigations, we found that 4‐aminobutyl glycosides fulfill these criteria. We also observed that the glycosidic linkage underwent an interesting dissociation reaction under collision‐induced MS/MS, and that the reaction product is very useful in structural investigation based on mass spectrometry, especially since it provides information regarding anomeric configurations. Despite its importance, the reaction mechanism of the dissociation is not fully understood. For this reason, we studied the mechanism by synthesizing possible products and used them in detailed analyses based on energy‐resolved mass spectrometry where the energy dependence of the dissociation reaction was analyzed under collision‐induced dissociation conditions. As a result of spectral match with one of synthesized reference compounds, it was suggested that the dissociation reaction to generate a C‐ion species and a pyrrolidine took place through a five‐membered transition state in two‐step reaction sequence. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Erratum: Tibiofemoral force following total knee arthroplasty: Comparison of four prosthesis designs in vitro
Authors: Nicholls Rochelle L. , Schirm Andreas C. , Jeffcote Benjamin O. , Kuster Markus S. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe authors have inadvertently left out several acknowledgments and wish to add them hereThis study was supported by DePuy International, the University of Western Australia, the Fremantle Hospital, and Mrs. Huggler.We would like to thank Dr. Hilaire Jacob for his help with the development of the mini‐force platform.We would also like to thank the Australian Orthopaedic Association (AOA) for the financial support of Dr. Jeffcote.
Holocene climate inferred from glacier extent, lake sediment and tree rings at Goat Lake, Kenai Mountains, Alaska, USA
Authors: Daigle Thomas A. , Kaufman Darrell S. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractLake sediment, glacier extent and tree rings were used to reconstruct Holocene climate changes from Goat Lake at 550 m asl in the Kenai Mountains, south‐central Alaska. Radiocarbon‐dated sediment cores taken at 55 m water depth show glacial‐lacustrine conditions until about 9500 cal. yr BP, followed by organic‐rich sedimentation with an overall increasing trend in organic matter and biogenic silica content leading up to the Little Ice Age (LIA). Through most of the Holocene, the northern outlet of the Harding Icefield remained below the drainage divide that currently separates it from Goat Lake. A sharp transition from gyttja to inorganic mud about AD 1660 signifies the reappearance of glacier meltwater into Goat Lake during the LIA, marking the maximum Holocene (postglacial) extent. Meltwater continued to discharge into the lake until about AD 1900. A 207 yr tree‐ring series from 25 mountain hemlocks growing in the Goat Lake watershed correlates with other regional tree‐ring series that indicate an average summer temperature reduction of about 1°C during the 19th century compared with the early–mid 20th century. Cirque glaciers around Goat Lake reached their maximum LIA extent in the late 19th century. Assuming that glacier equilibrium‐line altitudes (ELA) are controlled solely by summer temperature, then the cooling of 1°C combined with the local environmental lapse rate would indicate an ELA lowering of 170 m. In contrast, reconstructed ELAs of 12 cirque glaciers near Goat Lake average only 34 ± 18 m lower during the LIA. The restricted ELA lowering can be explained by a reduction in accumulation‐season precipitation caused by a weakening of the Aleutian low‐pressure system during the late LIA. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gene expression profiling as a tool for basic analysis and clinical application of human cancer
Authors: García‐Escudero Ramón , Paramio Jesús M. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe sequentiation of the human genome, together with the development of high throughput technologies, particularly gene‐expression profiling, is giving us the opportunity to describe biological features in a quantitative manner. Here we review the use of global gene expression analyses in cancer research. Microarray analyses of tumor samples have allowed researchers the development of profiles that can distinguish, identify and classify discrete subsets of disease, predict the disease outcome, or the response to therapy. Profiling of experimental models with activation of certain oncogenic pathways could also be used to ascertain the molecular events involved in the establishment and development of tumors and, consequently, these models could be validated as tools for preclinical therapy. Furthermore, the detailed analysis of gene expression deregulation after response to the therapies in such models would allow us to predict the response to specific drugs, and to target the therapies to patients in search for individualized management of the disease. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Puma is a novel target of soy isoflavone genistein but is dispensable for genistein‐induced cell fate determination
Authors: Tategu Moe , Arauchi Takako , Tanaka Rena , Nakagawa Hiroki , Yoshida Kenichi 
Published: March 2008

AbstractHere, we attempted to identify novel target genes of genistein in human A549 cells. Using analysis of proteins related to cell cycle and apoptotic pathways, we confirmed an elevated level of p53 accompanying p21 Waf1/Cip1 protein in genistein‐treated or genistin‐treated A549 and WI‐38 cells, but not in HeLa cells. In addition, a p53‐upregulated modulator of apoptosis (Puma) protein accumulated significantly in genistein‐treated A549 and WI‐38 cells, but not in genistin‐treated or β‐estradiol‐treated cells, though the growth of any ingredient‐treated cells was severely inhibited. Intriguingly, the caspase‐3 activity of genistein‐treated A549 cells, in which Puma or p53 expression was knocked‐down by RNA interference (RNAi), remained unaltered compared to that in cells transfected with irrelevant RNAi. These results raise a concern that molecular targets identified by powerful omic approaches may not necessarily represent key molecules responsible for given cellular phenotypes and thus must be verified by conclusive assays.
Anti‐apoptotic effect of melatonin on preimplantation development of porcine parthenogenetic embryos
Authors: Choi Jiho , Park Seon‐Mi , Lee Eugine , Kim Ji‐Hye , Jeong Yeon‐Ik , Lee Jong‐Yun , Park Sun‐Woo , Kim Huen‐Suk , Hossein Mohammad Shamim , Jeong Yeon‐Woo , Kim Sue , Hyun Sang‐Hwan , Hwang Woo‐Suk 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn the present study, we investigated the effect of melatonin on the preimplantation development of porcine parthenogenetic and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. Parthenogenetic embryos were cultured in mNCSU‐23 supplemented with various concentrations of melatonin for 7 days. The results revealed that 100 pM was the optimal concentration, which resulted in significantly increased cleavage and blastocyst formation rates. Additionally, 100 pM melatonin provided the highest increase in total cell number of blastocysts. Therefore, the subsequent experiments were performed with 100 pM melatonin. ROS level in 2–8 cell stage embryos in the presence or absence of melatonin was evaluated. Embryos cultured with melatonin showed significantly decreased ROS. Blastocysts cultured with melatonin for 7 days were analyzed by the TUNEL assay. It was observed that melatonin not only increased (P < 0.05) the total cell number but also decreased (P < 0.05) the rate of apoptotic nuclei. Blastocysts cultured with melatonin were assessed for the expression of apoptosis‐related genes Bcl‐xl and Bax, and of pluripotency marker gene Oct‐4 by real‐time quantitative PCR. Analysis of data showed that the expression of Bcl‐xl was higher (1.7‐fold) compared to the control while the expression of Bax was significantly decreased relative to the control (0.7‐fold) (P < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of Oct‐4 was 1.7‐fold higher than the control. These results indicated that melatonin had beneficial effects on the development of porcine parthenogenetic embryos. Based on the findings of parthenogenetic embryos, we investigated the effect of melatonin on the development of porcine SCNT embryos. The results also demonstrated increased cleavage and blastocyst formation rates, and the total cell numbers in blastocysts were significantly higher when the embryos were cultured with melatonin. Therefore, these data suggested that melatonin may have important implications for improving porcine preimplantation SCNT embryo development. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 1127–1135, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intratesticular localization of the organic solute carrier protein, OSCP1, in spermatogenic cells in mice
Authors: Hiratsuka Kazuyuki , Yin Shan‐Ai , Ohtomo Takayuki , Fujita Mariko , Ohtsuki Kazutoshi , Isaka Hiroyuki , Suga Tetsuya , Kurosawa Tohru , Yamada Junji 
Published: March 2008

AbstractOrganic solute carrier protein 1 (OSCP1) is a recently described human gene that facilitates the transport of various organic solutes into the cell, when expressed in frog eggs. In this study, we cloned a mouse ortholog of OSCP1 encoding 379 amino acid protein, with 94% homology to the human counterpart. The mouse OSCP1 mRNA was predominantly expressed in the testis, in which it was attributed to the spermatogenic cells, except the spermatogonia. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that OSCP1 protein is continuously expressed during spermatogenesis in a stage‐ and cell type‐specific manner, in the leptotene spermatocytes at stage IX through step 15 spermatids. Subcellular fractionation of mouse testis homogenates indicated that OSCP1 is a 45‐kDa cytosolic protein. Moreover, when green fluorescent protein‐OSCP1 fusion constructs were transfected into cultured cells, the fluorescence localized evenly in the cytoplasm. These results suggest that mouse testis OSCP1 may indirectly mediate substrate uptake into meiotic and spermiogenic germ cells, within the cytosol. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 1495–1504 © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Experimental and theoretical investigation of the high‐pressure behavior of concrete
Authors: Schmidt Martin J. , Cazacu Oana , Green Mark L. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe results of an experimental study aimed at characterizing the behavior of concrete for high confining pressures (up to 500 MPa) are reported. The main characteristics of the response under deviatoric conditions are quasi‐linearity in the elastic regime, stress‐path dependency, and gradual change from compressibility to dilatancy under increasing deviatoric stress. By performing the cyclic triaxial compression tests with several load–creep–unload and reload cycles, the time influence on the overall behavior was detected. Further, whether the main features of the observed behavior can be described within the framework of elastic/viscoplasticity theory was investigated. For this purpose, Cristescu's (Rock Rheology. Kluwer Academic Publishers: The Netherlands, 1989) approach was used. It was shown that the proposed elastic/viscoplastic model captures the main features of concrete behavior at high pressures. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of crack faces contact interaction on the critical strain in composites under compressive loading
Authors: Winiarski Bartlomiej , Guz Igor A. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractAviation and aerospace structural components made of composite laminates due to their internal structure and manufacturing methods often contain a number of inter‐ and intra‐component defects which size, dispersion and interaction alter significantly the critical compression strain level [1]. The current study investigates the effect of the cracks interaction and crack faces contact interaction on the critical strain in laminar transversally isotropic material (cross‐ply) compressed in a static manner along interlaminar defects. The frictionless Hertzian contact and the shear and extensional mode of stability loss are considered for the interacting crack faces. The statement of the problem is based on the most accurate approach, the model of piecewise‐homogenous medium and the 3‐D stability theory [2]. The moment of stability loss in the microstructure of material is treated as the onset of the fracture process. The complex non‐classical fracture mechanics problem is solved utilizing the finite elements analysis. The results are obtained for the typical dispositions of cracks. It was found that the crack faces contact interaction alter significantly the critical strain level of the composite. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Usefulness of single spot plasma glucose at a routine clinic: a preliminary report
Authors: Adetunji OR , Adeleye Jo , Salako BL , Kuti MA 
Published: March 2008

AbstractWhile glycated haemoglobin remains the gold standard for assessing glycaemic control, the facilities for measuring it are not readily available in resource‐poor health systems like that which exists in Nigeria. This study set out to determine the usefulness of fasting single spot plasma glucose at clinic visits in the management of diabetes.Fifty consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes attending the medical outpatient department at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, were recruited after informed written consent was obtained. HbA1c was measured using boronate affinity technique with a portable ‘ Primus’ autoanalyser, NycoCard® Reader II, which was standardised to the DCCT. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was measured in mg/dl but converted to mmol/L. Anthropometric measurements were taken from the patients.The results showed that the mean HbA1c in the population was 7.4% and the mean FPG was 7.0mmol/L. There was a significant correlation between FPG and HbA1c, (p<0.0001, r2 = 0.749).We concluded that the significant correlation between the HbA1c and FPG in this patient population shows that the FPG remains a useful tool for assessing control at routine outpatient clinics and its continued use is recommended. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons.
Brand substitution or multiple switches per patient? An analysis of pharmaceutical brand substitution in Australia
Authors: Kalisch Lisa M. , Roughead Elizabeth E. , Gilbert Andrew L. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractPurposeTo determine the number of times patients have brand and generic products substituted under Australia's Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) brand substitution policy.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using Repatriation Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (RPBS) pharmacy claims data. Department of Veterans' Affairs (DVA) treatment card holders with at least two dispensings of atenolol, citalopram, enalapril, metformin, omeprazole or ramipril between 1 January 2001 and 28 February 2006 were included. Patients were followed from first dispensing until death, cessation or study end. The main outcome measure was the number of substitutions per patient during follow‐up. Based on this, patients were defined as non‐switchers, brand substitution or multiple switchers.ResultsData for 160 145 patients were analysed. Overall more than 80% of patients either had no switches or demonstrated brand substitution. For all study drugs, patients were more likely to be non‐switchers than have a brand substitution (RR range 2.6–9.4, p < 0.0001) and were more likely to be non‐switchers than multiple switchers (RR range 3.2–35.9, p < 0.0001). Patients who switched were more likely to have a brand substitution than multiple switches (RR range 1.2–3.8, p < 0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression showed greater odds of being a multiple switcher with increasing number of prescribers and dispensing pharmacies, and increasing length of follow‐up.ConclusionsMost patients in this study did not substitute products, and those who did were more likely to demonstrate brand substitution than have multiple switches. These results suggest that the brand substitution policy is having its intended effect for most patients. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of control selection in nested case‐control studies: the example of exposure to antiretroviral treatment (ART) and the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in the French Hospital Database on HIV (FHDH‐ANRS CO4)
Authors: Guiguet M. , Mary‐Krause M. , Ename B. , Costagliola D. , Grabar S. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractPurposeSoon after availability of protease inhibitors (PIs), a duration‐related effect relationship between PI and myocardial infarction (MI) was shown. New antiretroviral treatments (ARTs) have allowed more individualized regimens. To study their influence established risk factors of MI and additional therapeutic options such as lipid‐lowering drugs will have to be taken into account. A nested case‐control is an interesting alternative raising the choice of controls. With the previous full cohort analysis as reference, we investigated the influence of control selection in nested case‐control studies sampled in this cohort by testing nine sampling scenarios.MethodsDuring the period 1996–1999, 49 MI occurred among male patients exposed to PI and followed‐up in the French Hospital Database on HIV (FHDH‐ANRS CO4). For each case, controls were selected using incidence‐density sampling. The influence of additional matching criteria was tested. Random sampling and analysis was repeated 100 times with varying control‐case ratios.ResultsWhen controls were randomly selected among patients of the same age who were free of MI at the date MI was diagnosed in the case, we observed a duration‐related effect relationship between PI and MI in agreement with the results of the full cohort analysis. The use of four controls per case was sufficient. Estimates obtained with simple sampling were more precise than those obtained when controls were also matched for year of enrolment, initial CD4 cell count and HIV transmission group.ConclusionTo study ARTs as MI risk factors, nested case‐control using incidence‐density sampling without additional matching is one appropriate option. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discovery and validation of urinary biomarkers for prostate cancer
Authors: Theodorescu Dan , Schiffer Eric , Bauer Hartwig W. , Douwes Friedrich , Eichhorn Frank , Polley Reinhard , Schmidt Thomas , Schöfer Wolfgang , Zürbig Petra , Good David M. , Coon Joshua J. , Mischak Harald 
Published: March 2008

AbstractOnly 30% of patients with elevated serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels who undergo prostate biopsy are diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCa). Novel methods are needed to reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies. We report on the identification and validation of a panel of 12 novel biomarkers for prostate cancer (PCaP), using CE coupled MS. The biomarkers could be defined by comparing first void urine of 51 men with PCa and 35 with negative prostate biopsy. In contrast, midstream urine samples did not allow the identification of discriminatory molecules, suggesting that prostatic fluids may be the source of the defined biomarkers. Consequently, first void urine samples were tested for sufficient amounts of prostatic fluid, using a prostatic fluid indicative panel (“informative” polypeptide panel; IPP). A combination of IPP and PCaP to predict positive prostate biopsy was evaluated in a blinded prospective study. Two hundred thirteen of 264 samples matched the IPP criterion. PCa was detected with 89% sensitivity, 51% specificity. Including age and percent free PSA to the proteomic signatures resulted in 91% sensitivity, 69% specificity.