bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malrotated lateral knee radiographs do not allow for a proper assessment of medial or lateral posterior tibial slope
Authors: Vieider Romed P. , Mehl Julian , Rab Peter , Brunner Moritz , Schulz Phillip , Rupp Marco‐Christopher , Siebenlist Sebastian , Hinz Maximilian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to investigate whether malrotation of lateral knee radiographs influences posterior tibial slope (PTS) measurements.MethodsLateral knee radiographs of all patients who underwent knee surgery at a single institution between June 2022 and January 2023 and received multiple lateral knee radiographs were included. Radiographs were categorised as malrotated lateral knee radiographs or lateral knee radiographs based on the radiographic distance between the medial and lateral posterior femoral condyles. Medial PTS (MPTS) and lateral PTS (LPTS) were evaluated on malrotated lateral knee radiographs and lateral knee radiographs and compared using the paired t test. Intra‐ and interrater reliability between four raters were assessed for MPTS and LPTS measurements.ResultsA total of 92 lateral knee radiographs (46 pairs of malrotated lateral knee radiographs and lateral knee radiographs; 50.0% right side) from 46 patients (33.2 ± 12.4 years, 69.6% male) were included. Mean posterior femoral condyle distance in malrotated lateral knee radiographs was 8.1 ± 4.4 mm. Overall, MPTS and LPTS were significantly higher on malrotated lateral knee radiographs versus lateral knee radiographs (medial: 10.5 ± 3.2° vs. 9.7 ± 3.5°, p < 0.05; lateral: 10.6 ± 3.4° vs. 9.7 ± 3.3°, p < 0.05). Mean absolute difference between MPTS and LPTS on malrotated lateral knee radiographs versus lateral knee radiographs were |1.9| ± |1.5|° and |2.0| ± |1.8|°, respectively. Intrarater reliability was ‘moderate’ and interrater reliability was ‘good’ for both MPTS and LPTS.ConclusionMalrotation of lateral knee radiographs led to a significant distortion of both the MPTS and LPTS. In clinical practice, attention should be placed on the (mal)rotation of lateral knee radiographs, especially in patients for whom a slope‐correcting osteotomy is being discussed.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Intensity and retention time prediction improves the rescoring of protein‐nucleic acid cross‐links
Authors: Siraj Arslan , Bouwmeester Robbin , Declercq Arthur , Welp Luisa , Chernev Aleksandar , Wulf Alexander , Urlaub Henning , Martens Lennart , Degroeve Sven , Kohlbacher Oliver , Sachsenberg Timo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn protein‐RNA cross‐linking mass spectrometry, UV or chemical cross‐linking introduces stable bonds between amino acids and nucleic acids in protein‐RNA complexes that are then analyzed and detected in mass spectra. This analytical tool delivers valuable information about RNA‐protein interactions and RNA docking sites in proteins, both in vitro and in vivo. The identification of cross‐linked peptides with oligonucleotides of different length leads to a combinatorial increase in search space. We demonstrate that the peptide retention time prediction tasks can be transferred to the task of cross‐linked peptide retention time prediction using a simple amino acid composition encoding, yielding improved identification rates when the prediction error is included in rescoring. For the more challenging task of including fragment intensity prediction of cross‐linked peptides in the rescoring, we obtain, on average, a similar improvement. Further improvement in the encoding and fine‐tuning of retention time and intensity prediction models might lead to further gains, and merit further research.
Weathering the storms of climate change: Preparing persons with disabilities and the physiatrists who provide their care for extreme hurricanes
Authors: Andreae Mollie , Shultz James M. , Shepherd J. Marshall , Espinel Zelde , Shapiro Lauren T. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractClimate‐driven disasters have disproportionate and often devastating consequences on individuals with disabilities. Warming ocean and air temperatures are fueling more extreme tropical cyclones, further endangering those living in at‐risk regions. Although hurricane preparedness is particularly critical for those with functional impairments and/or special medical needs, studies show such persons are less ready for disasters than the general population. This review calls attention to the time‐urgent need to improve hurricane readiness among persons with disabilities. It summarizes evidence that climate change is resulting in cyclonic storms that are increasingly jeopardizing the health and safety of affected persons and reflects on how this trend may compound the particular hardships those with disabilities experience during times of disaster. It identifies unique storm‐related challenges faced by patient populations commonly cared for by physiatrists, including those with stroke, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and limb loss. Available research pertaining to the gaps in emergency preparedness practices among persons with disabilities is reviewed as are potential strategies to mitigate barriers to achieving disaster readiness and resilience. Lastly, the review provides physiatrists with a comprehensive guide for optimally safeguarding their patients before, during, and after catastrophic hurricanes.
Analysis of the water‐energy‐carbon nexus for sustainable development of the selected industries
Authors: Naing Pyae Mon , Babel Mukand S. , Karthe Daniel , Stamm Jürgen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIndustries consume 20% and 50% of global water and energy, contributing 25% of total greenhouse gas emissions. They strive to become more efficient in water and energy usage and reduce carbon emissions. This study analyzed water, energy, and carbon footprints of five manufacturing industries—automobile, cement, chemical, pulp and paper, and steel. Multi‐linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between production, water use, energy use, and carbon emission. The study also explored the potential to reduce carbon emissions by reducing water and energy usage. Among the selected industries, pulp and paper, and steel industries have higher water, energy, and carbon footprints. On average, it takes 5.58 m3 of water and 17.11 GJ of energy to produce a ton of paper, and 4.03 m3 of water and 19.52 GJ of energy to produce a ton of steel. The analysis also shows that water and energy use are closely related to production in all industries. Carbon emission is closely related to the production processes in cement, pulp and paper, and steel, and to reduce the emissions, both water and energy usage have to be reduced. The automobile industry has the highest potential to reduce carbon emissions by reducing water and energy uses, followed by steel and cement industries. By reducing 3% of their water and energy uses, automobile and steel industries, on average, have the potential to reduce 11% and 2.6% of their carbon emissions, respectively. The study explored the existing policies and recommendations for industries to achieve sustainable development goals.
Quality of life following repair of large hiatal hernia is not influenced by the use of mesh—Longer‐term follow‐up from a randomized trial
Authors: Amprayil Mathew A. , Irvine Tanya , Thompson Sarah K. , Bright Tim , Aly Ahmad , Devitt Peter G. , Jamieson Glyn G. , Watson David I. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe use of prosthetic mesh in laparoscopic repair of large hiatus hernias remains controversial. Clinical and quality of life outcomes from a randomized controlled trial of mesh versus suture repair previously showed few differences at early follow‐up. This study evaluated longer‐term quality of life outcomes from that trial.MethodsA prospective, multicentre, double blind randomized controlled trial assessed three methods of repair for large hiatus hernias: sutures‐only versus absorbable mesh versus non‐absorbable mesh. Quality of life was assessed using the Short‐Form 36 (SF‐36) questionnaire which was completed preoperatively and then at 3, 6, 12 months following surgery and annually thereafter. SF‐36 outcomes were compared across the three repair techniques at longer‐term follow‐up (3–6 years), and to earlier baseline and 12‐month outcomes.Results126 patients were randomized; 43—suture‐only, 41—absorbable mesh and 42—non‐absorbable mesh. Questionnaires were completed by 118 patients preoperatively, 115 at 12 months and 98 at longer‐term follow‐up (median 5 years). There were no significant differences between the repair techniques for the subscale and composite scores at longer‐term follow‐up. The mental component score improved significantly after surgery and was sustained across follow‐up for all techniques. The physical component score also improved significantly but was lower at longer‐term follow‐up compared to the 12‐month follow up in both mesh groups.ConclusionSurgical repair of large hiatus hernias provides sustained long‐term improvement in quality of life. The addition of mesh does not improve quality of life.Trial RegistrationThis trial is registered with the Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12605000725662.
Weaponised Deception
Authors: Hughes David A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTotalitarianism is facilitated by what Hannah Arendt calls “gigantic lies and monstrous falsehoods,” which the masses are organised to believe. This tradition has a long history, even in the West. The “Covid-19 pandemic” was a Big Lie: there is no credible epidemiological evidence to support its existence. Rather, the “pandemic” was a media-driven social phenomenon that served to deflect attention from far-reaching technocratic agendas being advanced across every area of life. “Pandemic preparedness” provides cover for building the institutional architecture of global dictatorship under the pretext of public health. It is unclear whether “SARS-CoV-2” is real: problems exist regarding its alleged “isolation” (involving cytopathic effects, genome sequencing, and electron microscopy images). There is, however, evidence to suggest that “SARS-CoV-2” may, in part, have been influenza rebranded. The “vaccines,” which instead of protecting people have caused catastrophic harm, are likely bioweapons aimed at controlling the population in multiple ways. Yet, despite the “Covid-19” narrative being saturated with deceit, most people cannot and will not see it, owing to cognitive dissonance.
Bilocal holography and locality in the bulk
Authors: de Mello Koch Robert , Kemp Garreth , Van Zyl Hendrik J. R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Bilocal holography provides a constructive approach to the vector model/higher spin gravity duality. It has two ingredients: a change of field variables and a change of space time coordinates. The change of field variables ensures that the loop expansion parameter becomes $$ \frac{1}{N} $$

1
N

. The change of coordinates solves the Clebsch-Gordan problem of moving from the tensor product basis (in which the collective bilocal field is written) to the direct sum basis (appropriate for the description of the gravity fields). We argue that the change of space time coordinates can be deduced by requiring that operators constructed in the bilocal collective field theory are dual to local operators in the AdS bulk.
Doubled Hilbert space in double-scaled SYK
Authors: Okuyama Kazumi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We consider matter correlators in the double-scaled SYK (DSSYK) model. It turns out that matter correlators have a simple expression in terms of the doubled Hilbert space $$\mathcal{H}\otimes \mathcal{H}$$, where $$\mathcal{H}$$ is the Fock space of q-deformed oscillator (also known as the chord Hilbert space). In this formalism, we find that the operator which counts the intersection of chords should be conjugated by certain “entangler” and “disentangler”. We explicitly demonstrate this structure for the two- and four-point functions of matter operators in DSSYK.
Teneurin C-terminal associated peptide (TCAP)-1 attenuates the development and expression of naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal in male Swiss Webster mice
Authors: Mueller Lauren E. , Wexler Roseanne S. , Lovejoy David A. , Stein Robert B. , Slee Andrew M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Rationale
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), the apical stress-inducing hormone, exacerbates stress and addictive behaviors. TCAP-1 is a peptide that directly inhibits both CRF-mediated stress and addiction-related behaviors; however, the direct action of TCAP-1 on morphine withdrawal-associated behaviors has not previously been examined.

Objective
To determine whether TCAP-1 administration attenuates behavioral and physiological consequences of morphine withdrawal in mice.

Methods
Mice were administered via subcutaneous route TCAP-1 either before or after initial morphine exposure, after which jumping behavior was quantified to assess the effects of TCAP-1 on naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal. As a comparison, mice were treated with nonpeptide CRF1 receptor antagonist CP-154,526. In one experiment, plasma corticosterone (CORT) was also measured as a physiological stress indicator.

Results
Pretreatment with TCAP-1 (10–250 nmol/kg) before morphine treatment significantly inhibited the development of naloxone-precipitated withdrawal. TCAP-1 (250–500 nmol/kg) treatment administered after morphine treatment attenuated the behavioral expression of naloxone-precipitated withdrawal. TCAP-1 (250 nmol/kg) treatment during morphine treatment was more effective than the optimal dosing of CP-154,526 (20 mg/kg) at suppressing the behavioral expression of naloxone-precipitated withdrawal, despite similar reduction of withdrawal-induced plasma CORT level increases.

Conclusions
These findings establish TCAP-1 as a potential therapeutic candidate for the prevention and treatment of morphine withdrawal.
Comparative performance of scFv-based anti-BCMA CAR formats for improved T cell therapy in multiple myeloma
Authors: Stock Sophia , Fertig Luisa , Gottschlich Adrian , Dörr Janina , Märkl Florian , Majed Lina , Menkhoff Vivien D. , Grünmeier Ruth , Rejeski Kai , Cordas dos Santos David M. , Theurich Sebastian , von Bergwelt-Baildon Michael , Endres Stefan , Subklewe Marion , Kobold Sebastian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn multiple myeloma (MM), B cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-directed CAR T cells have emerged as a novel therapy with potential for long-term disease control. Anti-BCMA CAR T cells with a CD8-based transmembrane (TM) and CD137 (41BB) as intracellular costimulatory domain are in routine clinical use. As the CAR construct architecture can differentially impact performance and efficacy, the optimal construction of a BCMA-targeting CAR remains to be elucidated. Here, we hypothesized that varying the constituents of the CAR structure known to impact performance could shed light on how to improve established anti-BCMA CAR constructs. CD8TM.41BBIC-based anti-BCMA CAR vectors with either a long linker or a short linker between the light and heavy scFv chain, CD28TM.41BBIC-based and CD28TM.CD28IC-based anti-BCMA CAR vector systems were used in primary human T cells. MM cell lines were used as target cells. The short linker anti-BCMA CAR demonstrated higher cytokine production, whereas in vitro cytotoxicity, T cell differentiation upon activation and proliferation were superior for the CD28TM.CD28IC-based CAR. While CD28TM.CD28IC-based CAR T cells killed MM cells faster, the persistence of 41BBIC-based constructs was superior in vivo. While CD28 and 41BB costimulation come with different in vitro and in vivo advantages, this did not translate into a superior outcome for either tested model. In conclusion, this study showcases the need to study the influence of different CAR architectures based on an identical scFv individually. It indicates that current scFv-based anti-BCMA CAR with clinical utility may already be at their functional optimum regarding the known structural variations of the scFv linker.
Testing practical relevance of treatment effects
Authors: Ongaro Andrea , Migliorati Sonia , Ascari Roberto , Ripamonti Enrico 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTraditionally, common testing problems are formalized in terms of a precise null hypothesis representing an idealized situation such as absence of a certain “treatment effect”. However, in most applications the real purpose of the analysis is to assess evidence in favor of a practically relevant effect, rather than simply determining its presence/absence. This discrepancy leads to erroneous inferential conclusions, especially in case of moderate or large sample size. In particular, statistical significance, as commonly evaluated on the basis of a precise hypothesis low p value, bears little or no information on practical significance. This paper presents an innovative approach to the problem of testing the practical relevance of effects. This relies upon the proposal of a general method for modifying standard tests by making them suitable to deal with appropriate interval null hypotheses containing all practically irrelevant effect sizes. In addition, when it is difficult to specify exactly which effect sizes are irrelevant we provide the researcher with a benchmark value. Acceptance/rejection can be established purely by deciding on the (ir)relevance of this value. We illustrate our proposal in the context of many important testing setups, and we apply the proposed methods to two case studies in clinical medicine. First, we consider data on the evaluation of systolic blood pressure in a sample of adult participants at risk for nutritional deficit. Second, we focus on a study of the effects of remdesivir on patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
Respiratory comorbidities and treatments in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: impact on life expectancy and causes of death
Authors: Wahlgren Lisa , Kroksmark Anna-Karin , Lindblad Anders , Tulinius Mar , Sofou Kalliopi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular disorder with progressive decline of pulmonary function increasing the risk of early mortality. The aim of this study was to explore the respiratory-related comorbidities, and the effect of these comorbidities and treatments on life expectancy and causes of death.

Methods
All male patients living in Sweden with DMD, born and deceased 1970–2019, were included. Data regarding causes of death were collected from the Cause of Death Registry and cross-checked with the medical records along with diagnostics and relevant clinical features.

Results
Hundred and twenty nine patients were included with a median lifespan of 24.3 years. Acute respiratory failure accounted for 63.3% of respiratory-related causes of death. 70.1% suffered at least one pneumonia, with first episode at a median age of 17.8 years. Hypoventilation was found in 73.0% with onset at 18.1 years. 60.5% had their first pneumonia before established hypoventilation. Age at onset of hypoventilation showed a strong correlation with age at first pneumonia. First pneumonia and scoliosis non-treated with scoliosis surgery increased the risk of dying of respiratory-related causes. In 10% of the patients, first pneumonia resulted in acute tracheostomy or early death. Patients treated with assisted ventilation had higher life expectancy compared to untreated patients.

Conclusions
Our results highlight the importance of identifying subclinical hypoventilation in a timely manner and the importance of an active treatment regime upon clinical signs of pneumonia.
Perinatal exposure to traffic related air pollutants and the risk of infection in the first six months of life: a cohort study from a low-middle income country
Authors: Soesanti Frida , Hoek Gerard , Brunekreef Bert , Meliefste Kees , Chen Jie , Idris Nikmah S. , Putri Nina D. , Uiterwaal Cuno S. P. M. , Grobbee Diederick E. , Klipstein-Grobusch Kerstin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
There is limited study from low-and-middle income countries on the effect of perinatal exposure to air pollution and the risk of infection in infant. We assessed the association between perinatal exposure to traffic related air pollution and the risk of infection in infant during their first six months of life.

Methods
A prospective cohort study was performed in Jakarta, March 2016–September 2020 among 298 mother-infant pairs. PM2.5, soot, NOx, and NO2 concentrations were assessed using land use regression models (LUR) at individual level. Repeated interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to obtain data on infection at 1, 2, 4 and 6 months of age. The infections were categorized as upper respiratory tract (runny nose, cough, wheezing or shortness of breath), lower respiratory tract (pneumonia, bronchiolitis) or gastrointestinal tract infection. Logistic regression models adjusted for covariates were used to assess the association between perinatal exposure to air pollution and the risk of infection in the first six months of life.

Results
The average concentrations of PM2.5 and NO2 were much higher than the WHO recommended levels. Upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) were much more common in the first six months of life than diagnosed lower respiratory tract or gastro-intestinal infections (35.6%, 3.5% and 5.8% respectively). Perinatal exposure to PM2.5 and soot suggested increase cumulative risk of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) in the first 6 months of life per IQR increase with adjusted OR of 1.50 (95% CI 0.91; 2.47) and 1.14 (95% CI 0.79; 1.64), respectively. Soot was significantly associated with the risk of URTI at 4–6 months age interval (aOR of 1.45, 95%CI 1.02; 2.09). All air pollutants were also positively associated with lower respiratory tract infection, but all CIs include unity because of relatively small samples. Adjusted odds ratios for gastrointestinal infections were close to unity.

Conclusion
Our study adds to the evidence that perinatal exposure to fine particles is associated with respiratory tract infection in infants in a low-middle income country.
The potential impact of exercise upon symptom burden in adolescents and young adults undergoing cancer treatment
Authors: Munsie Claire , Ebert Jay , Joske David , Collins Jo , Ackland Timothy 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) experience vast symptom burden resulting from cancer treatment-related toxicities (TRTs). Evidence supports integrated exercise to mitigate several TRTs in other cohorts; however, evidence in AYAs is lacking. Conventional reporting of TRTs adopts a maximum grade approach failing to recognise the trajectory over time, of persistent, or lower grade toxicities. Alternatively, longitudinal analysis of toxicities over time (ToxT) may provide clinically meaningful summaries of this data. We evaluated the longitudinal impact of an exercise intervention on TRTs in AYAs undergoing cancer treatment.

Methods
A prospective, randomised trial allocated participants to a 10-week exercise intervention (EG) or control group (CG) undergoing usual care. Detailed information on TRTs was collected throughout the intervention. All TRTs were graded per the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v5.0).

Results
Forty-three (43) participants (63% male, mean age 21.1 years) were enrolled. When categorised to reflect the maximal worst grade experienced (Grade 0, Grade 1–2 and ≥ Grade 3), the CG reported an increased incidence of severe fatigue (≥ Grade 3) compared with the EG (p = 0.05). No other differences between groups were evident (p > 0.05). ToxT analysis of the four most common toxicities (fatigue, pain, nausea and mood disturbances) demonstrated no difference in the mean grade of each over time (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
A 10-week exercise intervention reduces the severity of fatigue in AYAs undergoing treatment. While the ToxT approach provided insight into the toxicity profile, adequately powered studies are needed to better understand these differences within a homogenous sample.

Trial registration
(ACTRN12620000663954) 10th June 2020.