bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Working memory representations are spatially transferred in cortex during mental manipulations
Authors: Chernik Charles , van den Berg Ronald , Lundqvist Mikael 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWorking Memory (WM) enables us to maintain and directly manipulate mental representations, yet we know little about the neural implementation of this privileged online format. We recorded EEG data as human subjects engaged in a task requiring continuous updates to the locations of objects retained in WM. Analysis of contralateral delay activity (CDA) revealed that mental representations moved across cortex in real time as their remembered locations were updated.
CD44 facilitates adhesive interactions in airineme-mediated intercellular signaling
Authors: Bowman Raquel Lynn , Kim Jiyea , Eom Dae Seok 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSpecialized cellular protrusions facilitate local intercellular communications in various species, including mammals. Among these, airinemes play a crucial role in pigment pattern formation in zebrafish by mediating long-distance Notch signaling between pigment cells. Remarkably, airinemes exhibit large vesicle-like structure at their tips, which are pulled by macrophages and delivered to target cells. The interaction between macrophages and Delta-ligand carrying airineme vesicles is essential for initiating airineme-mediated signaling, yet the molecular detail of this interaction remains elusive. Through high-resolution live imaging, geneticin vivomanipulations andin vitroadhesion assay, we found that adhesive interactions via the extracellular domain of CD44, a class I transmembrane glycoprotein, between macrophages and airineme vesicles are critical for airineme signaling. Mutants lacking the extracellular domain of CD44 lose their adhesiveness, resulting in a significant reduction in airineme extension and pigment pattern defects. Our findings provide valuable insights into the role of adhesive interactions between signal-sending cells and macrophages in a long-range intercellular signaling.
Roles of chalcogen sublayers of
1H
transition metal dichalcogenides in metal-semiconductor van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Habe Tetsuro 
Published: February 2024

In this paper, the crystal and electronic structures are investigated using first-principles theory for metal-semiconductor van der Waals heterostructures 1H-transition-metal dichalcogenides (NbS2, NbSe2, TaS2, TaSe2, MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, and WSe2). The theoretical investigations reveal that chalcogen sublayers play crucial roles in the crystal and electronic structures though these sublayers are minor parts in the pristine crystals. Actually, selenide sublayers energetically stabilize the commensurate heterobilayers, whereas moiré structure gives a much lower electronic energy with sulfide sublayers. Moreover, the chalcogen sublayers dominate the charge distribution via the difference of work functions in the component layers, i.e., the charge transfer between the metallic and semiconducting layers in the heterobilayers. The theoretical results suggest that the chalcogen sublayers can be the key to control the crystal and electronic structures in the metal-semiconductor vdW heterostructure of TMDC monolayers.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Hegemon or South-South partner? The ambiguity of Chinese foreign direct investment in Peru
Authors: Da Gama Francisca , Bui Kim 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework for evaluating the relationship between China and Peru, drawing on dependency theory, against the backdrop of China’s explicit policies towards foreign direct investment. It seeks to transcend traditional interpretations of this relationship in the literature that focuses on China as either hegemon or a South–South partner to Latin American countries to highlight a more nuanced relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper adopts a case study approach, focusing on China in Peru. The authors examine three areas of traditional, strategic and emerging industries drawing from Chinese national policies, reviewing these against characteristics of dependency: control of production, heterogeneity of actors, transfer of knowledge and delinking.

Findings
The authors find that Chinese foreign direct investment (FDI) in Peru demonstrates mixed motives and collectively operates as an ambiguous player. Chinese firms appear to be willing to work with various actors, but this engagement does not translate into a decolonial development alternative in the absence of a Peruvian political will to delink and Chinese willingness to actively transfer control of production and knowledge.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to existing literature on China in Latin America by evaluating Chinese outward FDI in Peru against China’s strategic aims in terms of a re-evaluation of dependency theory.
Modeling digital skills beyond the IT workforce: construct definition, measurement and impact on digitalization value
Authors: Molla Alemayehu , Gekara Victor , Karanasios Stan , Snell Darryn 
Published: February 2024

PurposeInformation technology (IT) personnels’ technical, business and behavioral skills are critical enablers for generating IT value. In an increasingly digitalized working environment where non-IT employees participate in digital innovations, a focus on IT personnels’ skills only doesn’t meet researchers’ need for a framework to study digital skills and managers’ need to address digital skills challenges across an enterprise’s workforce. Nevertheless, the digital skills topic is complicated by conceptual ambiguity and a lack of theoretically derived and empirically validated model. The purpose of this study is to address this problem.Design/methodology/approachTheoretically, this study draws on human capital (HC) and resource-based view (RBV) theories. Empirically, it follows mixed method combining interviews and a survey.FindingsThe digital skills construct is a multidimensional second order reflective construct. While its development is influenced by an organization’s commitment and exposure to digitalization, it influences the value organizations obtain from digitalization.Research limitations/implicationsThis study conceptualizes the digital skills construct, identifying technology agnostic subdimensions that are meaningful beyond a particular digital domain [information and communication technology (ICT), information, Internet, Inter of Things (IoT)] and establishing a valid measure. Other researchers can improve both the indicators of the existing four conceptually distinct and managerially recognizable workplace digital skills dimensions as well as testing new ones.Practical implicationsManagers can use the instrument to assess the extent to which their non-IT workforces are equipped with digital skills and get strategic insights for specific interventions such as upskilling or buying in skills.Originality/valueThe main theoretical contribution of the paper is the conceptualization and validation of the digital skills construct for the non-IT workforce. Furthermore, we provide a theoretical framework to explain the factors that could influence the development of digital skills and demonstrate the impact that digital skills have on selected digitalization value indicators. This contribution provides the foundation for investigating the drivers, outcomes and the relationship of digital skills to other constructs such as digital transformation, innovation and firm performance.
The enigma of fraud as a unique crime and its resonance for auditing research and practice: unlearned lessons of psychological pathways to fraud
Authors: Maulidi Ach 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
This study aims to observe people’s decisions to commit fraud. This study is important in the current time because it provides insights into the development of fraudulent intentions within individuals.

Design/methodology/approach
The information used in this study is derived from semi-structured interviews, conducted with 16 high-ranking officials who are employed in Indonesian local government positions.

Findings
The study does not have strong evidence to support prior studies assuming that situational factors or social enablers have direct effects on fraud intentions. As suggested, individual factors which are related to moral reasoning (moral judgment and rationalisation) emerge as a consequence of social enablers. The significant role of that moral reasoning is to rationalise any fraud attempt as permissible conduct. As such, when an individual is capable of legitimising his/her fraud attempt into appropriate self-judgement, s/he is more likely to engage in fraudulent behaviours.

Practical implications
This study offers practical prescriptions in guiding the management to develop strategies to curb fraudulent behaviours. The study suggests that moral cognitive reasoning is found to be a parameter of whether fraud is an acceptable option or not. So, an understanding of observers’ moral reasoning is helpful in predicting the likelihood of fraud within an organisation or in detecting it.

Originality/value
This study provides a different perspective on the psychological pathway to fraud. It becomes a complement work for the fraud triangle to explain fraudulent behaviours. Specifically, it provides crucial insights into the underlying motivations that lead individuals to accept invitations to engage in fraudulent activities.
A destination’s personality as a factor in tourists’ environmental knowledge management
Authors: Scuotto Veronica , Karagöz Deniz , Farronato Nicola , Alon Ilan 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
Environmental knowledge management (EKM) has been studied mainly owing to the increasing awareness of environmental issues. Such issues have generated a warning in the tourism industry that has stimulated a new wave of research on EKM. EKM forges landscape characteristics and so destination image. In turn, EKM sounds affecting tourism destination which calls for destination personality which shows a research context less explored. From a knowledge management perspective, The present research aims to investigate on EKM to understand how it leverages tourists' and destination personality.

Design/methodology/approach
With the intent of exploring EKM, the research uses a quantitative analysis on a sample of 2,222 young Chinese tourists. In this context, EKM is linked with destination’s personality and tourists’ personalities, their satisfaction with the destination and their behavioral intentions.

Findings
By SPSS regression model, EKM and destination personality are positively linked. This positive relationship is also reflected on destination personality and destination satisfaction, behavioral intention.

Originality/value
The authors’ original contribution to the knowledge management literature extends the new wave of research on EKM. The research also proves the need to make a close collaboration between tourists, the local community and marketers. Marketers need to pay more attention to what tourists want to do and see in the place visited. In a nutshell, there is the need of enforcing and promoting EKM.
Graduate education and government policy in times of crisis: a case study of the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Holley Karri , Joseph Joretta 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand US federal government policy during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and the connections to graduate education. Using the multiple streams framework, the paper outlines these actions through various streams (problems, policy and political) and perspectives (defining problems, articulating options and mobilizing responses).

Design/methodology/approach
The primary sources of data collected for this study were US federal government policies from March 2020 through May 2021. Policies were examined through introduction, implementation and alteration (when possible) within the specific time period of the study. The policies outlined in this paper were connected to the US Department of Education, and to a lesser extent, the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation and other federal agencies. Data analysis was a two-fold process. First, the individual policy was considered as a single case and second, a cross-case comparison occurred across the multiple cases.

Findings
Analysing the study’s data in the problem stream provides a strong indicator of how the pandemic was perceived as a challenge for US graduate education. The pandemic served as a focusing event and illuminated the connections of graduate education to key institutional functions, including research and teaching. Broadly, US federal policy actions in this area focused on giving institutions resources and flexibility to support graduate students and allow them to continue their academic work while also seeding funding and incentives to continue the movement of knowledge, activities and people in the research pipeline. Actions in the policy stream aligned with the decentralized nature of the US higher education system and allowed for choice by academic institutions within the parameters of options.

Originality/value
This paper extends extant literature related to policy-making and graduate education to consider policy-making during a time of crisis. The paper offers methodological and conceptual ideas for consideration in future research.
Geospatial modeling of climate change indices at Mexico City using machine learning regression
Authors: Saldana-Perez Magdalena , Guzmán Giovanni , Palma-Preciado Carolina , Argüelles-Cruz Amadeo , Moreno-Ibarra Marco 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
Climate change is a problem that concerns all of us. Despite the information produced by organizations such as the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices and the United Nations, only a few cities have been planned taking into account the climate changes indices. This paper aims to study climatic variations, how climate conditions might change in the future and how these changes will affect the activities and living conditions in cities, specifically focusing on Mexico city.

Design/methodology/approach
In this approach, two distinct machine learning regression models, k-Nearest Neighbors and Support Vector Regression, were used to predict variations in climate change indices within select urban areas of Mexico city. The calculated indices are based on maximum, minimum and average temperature data collected from the National Water Commission in Mexico and the Scientific Research Center of Ensenada. The methodology involves pre-processing temperature data to create a training data set for regression algorithms. It then computes predictions for each temperature parameter and ultimately assesses the performance of these algorithms based on precision metrics scores.

Findings
This paper combines a geospatial perspective with computational tools and machine learning algorithms. Among the two regression algorithms used, it was observed that k-Nearest Neighbors produced superior results, achieving an R2 score of 0.99, in contrast to Support Vector Regression, which yielded an R2 score of 0.74.

Originality/value
The full potential of machine learning algorithms has not been fully harnessed for predicting climate indices. This paper also identifies the strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm and how the generated estimations can then be considered in the decision-making process.
Vasculitis‐like herpes zoster in the course of treatment with tofacitinib in ulcerative colitis: An assessment of local viral distribution by RNA in situ hybridization
Authors: Uchiyama Eri , Yamaguchi Reimon , Anzawa Kazushi , Fujii Toshiki , Watanabe Daisuke , Shimizu Akira 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA 67‐year‐old man had taken the janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, tofacitinib, for ulcerative colitis. He was referred to our department for a refractory ulcer on his lower leg. We suspected vasculitis and performed skin biopsy. Histopathological examination showed multinucleated giant cells in the epidermis and fibrinoid degeneration of small vessels in the upper dermis. Varicella zoster virus (VZV) DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction and we diagnosed the patient with atypical vasculitis‐like herpes zoster. The patient was treated with oral valacyclovir, but the rash persisted and took 2 months to heal. Immunostaining using anti‐VZV antibody was positive mainly in epidermal keratinocytes, but was also observed to be positive in cells in the dermis. We further performed RNA in situ hybridization using a VZV ORF9 mRNA probe and clearly showed that the distribution of VZV mRNA extended into the dermis, including the dermal vessel walls and the eccrine sweat glands as well as the epidermis. The internal administration of JAK inhibitors may induce regional widespread VZV infection including vessels and involved in the formation of prolonged vasculitis‐like manifestation. RNA in situ hybridization can be a potent tool for detecting the spread of VZV infection in the skin.
Effects of food supplementation and helminth removal on space use and spatial overlap in wild rodent populations
Authors: Mistrick Janine , Veitch Jasmine S. M. , Kitchen Shannon M. , Clague Samuel , Newman Brent C. , Hall Richard J. , Budischak Sarah A. , Forbes Kristian M. , Craft Meggan E. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Animal space use and spatial overlap can have important consequences for population‐level processes such as social interactions and pathogen transmission. Identifying how environmental variability and inter‐individual variation affect spatial patterns and in turn influence interactions in animal populations is a priority for the study of animal behaviour and disease ecology. Environmental food availability and macroparasite infection are common drivers of variation, but there are few experimental studies investigating how they affect spatial patterns of wildlife.

Bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) are a tractable study system to investigate spatial patterns of wildlife and are amenable to experimental manipulations. We conducted a replicated, factorial field experiment in which we provided supplementary food and removed helminths in vole populations in natural forest habitat and monitored vole space use and spatial overlap using capture–mark–recapture methods.

Using network analysis, we quantified vole space use and spatial overlap. We compared the effects of food supplementation and helminth removal and investigated the impacts of season, sex and reproductive status on space use and spatial overlap.

We found that food supplementation decreased vole space use while helminth removal increased space use. Space use also varied by sex, reproductive status and season. Spatial overlap was similar between treatments despite up to threefold differences in population size.

By quantifying the spatial effects of food availability and macroparasite infection on wildlife populations, we demonstrate the potential for space use and population density to trade‐off and maintain consistent spatial overlap in wildlife populations. This has important implications for spatial processes in wildlife including pathogen transmission.
Research progress of aphid immunity system: Potential effective target for green pest management
Authors: Sun Li‐Na , Meng Jian‐Yu , Wang Zeng , Lin Shi‐Yang , Shen Jie , Yan Shuo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDue to the absence of acquired immunity, insects primarily rely on their innate immune system to resist pathogenic microorganisms and parasitoids in natural habitats. This innate immune system can be classified into cellular immunity and humoral immunity. Cellular immunity is mediated by hemocytes, which perform phagocytosis, aggregation, and encapsulation to fight against invaders, whereas the humoral immunity primarily activates the immune signaling pathways and induces the generation of immune effectors. Existing studies have revealed that the hemipteran aphids lack some crucial immune genes compared to other insect species, indicating the different immune mechanisms in aphids. The current review summarizes the adverse impacts of pathogenic microorganisms and parasitoids on aphids, introduces the cellular and humoral immune systems in insects, and analyzes the differences between aphids and other insect species. Furthermore, our review also discussed the existing prospects and challenges in aphid immunity research, and proposed the potential application of immune genes in green pest management.
Association between sacroiliac joint forms and subchondral changes in patients with Crohn's disease
Authors: Melekh Oksana , Barajas Ordonez Felix , Melekh Bohdan , Rodríguez‐Feria Pablo , Pech Maciej , Flintrop Wiebke , Surov Alexey 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimTo assess the relationship between anatomical variants of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) and subchondral changes detected in magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) in patients with Crohn's disease (CD).MethodsThis was a retrospective study of 60 CD patients, who were divided into two groups: with (n = 16) and without SIJ (n = 44) involvement, depending on the presence of inflammatory (bone marrow edema) and structural changes (sclerosis and erosions) in MRE. Anatomical variants of SIJ were assessed in CT of the abdomen and/or pelvis, distinguishing typical form with convex iliac surface and atypical forms. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to reveal an association between joint changes and forms.ResultsOur study included 60 patients (38 males; mean age 38.72 years ± 13.33). Patients with SIJ changes were older (p = .044). No significant differences in CD localization and behavior were found. The most common SIJ lesions were structural changes (in 75% of patients); the main atypical form was the iliosacral complex. The univariate and multivariate analyses showed a significant association of atypical forms with total subchondral changes (odds ratio [OR]: 3.429, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.043–11.268; p = .042; OR: 5.066, 95% CI: 1.273–20.167; p = .021, respectively), and with structural changes (OR: 4.185, 95% CI: 1.155–15.160; p = .029; OR: 5.986, 95% CI: 1.293–27.700; p = .022, respectively).ConclusionAtypical forms of SIJ are a risk factor for the occurrence of structural joint changes in CD patients. An association between bone marrow edema and atypical forms was not found.