bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vascular ring anomaly
Authors: Kraus Dennis H. , Hayes James D. , Tucker Harvey M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCongenital vascular ring anomalies frequently present to the pediatric otolaryngologist with symptoms oftracheoesophageal compression. One such case is reported and the literature reviewed. The role of the otolaryngologist in the diagnosis and management of congenital vascular ring anomalies is discussed.
Renal cell carcinoma with metastasis to the parotid gland: Case reports and review of the literature
Authors: Owens Ruth M. , Friedman Craig D. , Becker Stephen P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo cases of renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the parotid gland are presented. The parotid mass was the initial manifestation of the first patient's renal cell malignancy and the pathologic evaluation was the first clue to the diagnosis. The second case demonstrates discovery of metastasis to the parotid gland 8 years after resection of a hypemephroma. A review of the literature on this subject is presented and the pathologic characteristics as well as recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of this entity are reviewed.
Synchronous unilateral parotid neoplasms of different histologic types
Authors: Schilling Janice A. , Block Blaine L. , Speigel Jerome C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSynchronous parotid neoplasms are rare. Unilateral, synchronous neoplasms of two separate and histologically distinct types are extremely unusual. Our review of the literature revealed 31 previously reported cases. We add two additional cases found in 291 parotid neoplasms seen in our institutions over the last 10 years; both including a pleomorphic adenoma and a War‐thin's tumor. This combination was found in 15 of 33 cases, while Warthin's tumors were found in association with another tumor in 24 of 33 reported cases (82%).
Low‐grade papillary adenocarcinoma of buccal mucosa salivary gland origin
Authors: Fliss Dan M. , Zirkin Howard , Puterman Marco , Tovi Ferit 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe clinicopathologic features of a low‐grade papillary adenocarcinoma arising in minor salivary gland tissue are presented. This tumor demonstrates a predilection for minor salivary glands of the oral cavity, a slow growth pattern, recurrence in spite of radical excision, and a tendency to produce nodal metastasis. This is the second documented case in the English literature of this recently defined subtype of polymorphous low‐grade adenocarcinoma arising in a minor salivary gland of the buccal mucosa.
Magnetic resonance imaging of paranasal sinus tumors for craniofacial resection
Authors: Lund Valerie J. , Howard David J. , Lloyd Glyn A. S. , Cheesman Anthony D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractComputerized tomography (CT) has been shown to be 78% accurate with respect to anatomic extent of tumor when correlated with operative findings and histology in patients undergoing craniofacial resection. To determine whether preoperative evaluation could be improved by the combination of CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 26 patients with tumor of the paranasal sinuses had undergone MRI before surgery in addition to CT. Ten patients also received Gadolinium‐DTPA as a contrast‐enhancement agent during MRI. The radical approach offered by craniofacial resection allows accurate evaluation of imaging techniques and when these are compared with histologic findings, a 94% correlation is found. The use of Gadolinium further improves the accuracy of tumor delineation to 98%. Despite the intrinsic disadvantage of absent bone detail, MRI demonstrates the extent of tumor better than CT and can distinguish it from inflammed mucosa, retained secretions, and normal mucosa provided the correct sequences are used.
Carcinoma of the skin of the head and neck with perineural invasion
Authors: Mendenhall William M. , Parsons James T. , Mendenhall Nancy Price , Brant Timothy A. , Stringer Scott P. , Cassisi Nicholas J. , Million Rodney R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis is an analysis of 25 patients with carcinoma of the skin of the head and neck with clinical evidence of perineural invasion, who were managed with curative intent by radiotherapy alone (16) or surgery and radiotherapy (9). All patients had a minimum of 5 years of follow‐up. Local control following treatment was observed in 20% of patients treated with radiotherapy alone and 38% of those treated with surgery and radiotherapy. Local control was diminished for recurrent lesions and for tumors that also invaded bone and/or cartilage. The 5‐year absolute survival rates were 31% for patients treated with radiotherapy alone and 33% for those in the combined‐treatment group. The incidence of significant complications was similar: 25% with radiotherapy alone and 33% with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy.
Computed tomographic evaluation of regional lymph node involvement in cancer of the oral cavity and oropharynx
Authors: Close Lanny Garth , Merkel Marie , Vuitch Milan F. , Reisch Joan , Schaefer Steven D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo evaluate the efficacy of computed tomography (CT) in the identification of metastatic cervical node involvement from cancer of the oral cavity and oropharynx, 61 consecutive, previously untreated patients with T2 or greater squamous cell carcinoma of these sites were studies prospectively by CT, followed within 1 month by surgery to the primary and neck as initial treatment. The CT scan of each patient was evaluated according to the location, size, and appearance of visible nodes, and each feature was correlated with the histopathologic findings of all 83 neck specimens. A significant relationship was found between CT findings (node size, node appearance, and multiplicity of nodes) and the pathologic status of the neck using Chi‐square contingency table analysis (overall x2 = 30.928, p < 0.001). This data supports the role of CT in the evaluation of patients with cancer of these sites.
Radioresistant tumor cell lines derived from head and neck radiation failures
Authors: Weichselbaum Ralph R. , Beckett Michael A. , Vijayakumar Srinivasan , Ahmed‐Swan Susan , Dritschilo Anatoly , Schwartz Jeffrey L , Moran William J. , Goldman Michael E. , Tybor Allen G. , Vokes Everett E. , Panje William R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe studied the in vitro radiobiological parameters of 16 human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tumor cell lines cultured from patients who suffered local failure after a curative course of radiotherapy. The radiobiological parameters determined included D0, n, and D̄. When compared with in vitro radiobiological parameters of tumor cells cultured from head and neck cancer patients prior to radiotherapy, human sarcoma cell lines, and normal human diploid fibroblasts studied in our laboratory (as well as other human tumor cell lines reported in the literature), tumor cells derived from radiotherapy failures on average are resistant to the cytotoxic effects of ionizing radiation.
Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi's disease)
Authors: Sterman Bruce M. , Benninger Michael S. , Eliachar Isaac 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHistiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi's disease) is a benign disorder predominantly of young women who present with cervical adenopathy. It has, on occasion, been misdiagnosed as a malignant neoplasm. Little mention of this condition has appeared in the otolaryngologic literature. A patient with Kikuchi's disease is reported and the pertinent literature is reviewed. Because both the clinical and pathological aspects of Kikuchi's disease are important in establishing the diagnosis, effective consultation between the head and neck surgeon and the pathologist is crucial.
Management of the thyroid nodule
Authors: Campbell Jeffrey P. , Pillsbury Harold C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe approach to the patient with a palpable solitary thyroid nodule remains controversial. In the rare patient with signs and symptoms suggestive of malignancy, the course of action is reasonably established. However, the patient with an asymptomatic solitary thyroid nodule presents a dilemma. The therapeutic alternatives range from suppressive medical therapy with serial examinations to surgical excision; therefore, to obviate unnecessary surgery, several diagnostic techniques and approaches have evolved which attempt to predict the presence of malignancy. A multitude of articles reflects the widespread disagreement among physicians regarding these diagnostic approaches. Thus, many questions still remain as to the proper management of patients with solitary nodules. The issue is further confounded by problems in assimilating and practically applying the results of the various studies, which often differ in their results.In this report, data regarding the prevalence of the solitary thyroid nodule are reviewed, and the clinical significance of the solitary thyroid nodule is discussed. The problem of management is examined in terms of the various diagnostic approaches to the solitary thyroid nodule: history and physical examination, laboratory tests, ultrasonography, thyroid suppressive therapy, scanning techniques, and fine‐needle aspiration. The efficacy of each technique is critically evaluated with an emphasis upon the ability to distinguish benign from malignant disease. The overall aim of this report is to establish a reasonable diagonostic approache to the asymptotic patient with the solitary palpable thyroid nodule, based upon a critical review of the literature.
Endotracheal intubation as an alternative to tracheostomy after intraoral or oropharyngeal surgery
Authors: Scher Natan , Dobleman Thomas J. , Panje William R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPatients who undergo oral or oropharyngeal surgery usually require a tracheostomy for postoperative airway maintenance. However, the development in recent years of soft endotracheal tubes now provides the alternative of short‐term endotracheal intubation, with minimal sequelae. Our favorable experience with the use of short‐term intubation in children with epiglottitis prompted us to apply the technique to adults. Over a 2‐year period at the University of Chicago Medical Center, we successfully used postoperative endotracheal intubation for 19 adult and pediatric patients who underwent major intraoral procedures, thus avoiding the possible complications, discomfort, and anxiety associated with tracheostomy. The patients were given intravenous steroids and antibiotics concomitantly, so that tissue edema and inflammation were minimized. No complications related to intubation and no postextubation airway compromise were noted in any of the patients.
Preclinical chemotherapy on human head and neck cancer xenografts grown in athymic nude mice
Authors: Braakhuis Boudewijn J. M. , Van Dongen Guus A. M. S. , Bagnay Marian , Van Walsum Marijke , Snow Gordon B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study was undertaken to investigate the potential role of xenografts established from human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in the selection of new anticancer agents for phase M clinical trials. Eight HNSCC tumor lines were established in NMRI nude mice. The tumor‐bearing animals were then treated with drugs at the maximum tolerated dose level. Treatment with drugs known for their activity in 15%–30% of HNSCC patients [cisplatin (CDDP), bleomycin (BLEO), 5‐fluorouracil (5‐Fu), cyclophosphamide (CY), and doxorubicin (DOX)] caused strong responses in up to 38% and moderate responses in 50%–67% of the HNSCC tumor lines. Methotrexate (MTX), known to cause remissions in about 40% of HNSCC patients, was only minimally active in this model system. A clinically ineffective drug, amsacrine (m‐AMSA), was included as a negative control and showed no or minimal activity in all four HNSCC lines tested. A number of experimental drugs that have promising preclinical activity were also tested. Brequinar sodium (Dup 785) and 10‐ethyl, 10‐deaza‐aminopterin (10‐EdAM) showed activity in three of five, and two of the four tested tumor lines respectively. N, N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) and 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine (5‐aza‐dCyd), agents with the capacity to induce differentiation in in vitro systems, showed moderate activity in 43% and 40%, and strong activity in 14% and 40% of the lines, respectively. Our results indicate that the nude mouse xenograft model may play a role in the screening of new drugs, and in particular, it could be of help in the selection of drugs to be tested in phase II HNSCC clinical trials.
Use of xenograft bone with aspirated bone marrow for treatment of cystic defect of the jaws
Authors: Horowitz Isack , Bodner Lipa 
Published: February 2007

AbstractXenografts of Kiel bone in combination with autologous aspirated bone marrow were used to graft 20 cystic defects in the jaws. Sixteen cases (80%) were successful. Results were evaluated by clinical and radiographie follow‐up of the patient up to 4 years (average 2.3 years) after surgery. Inability to create a water‐tight closure followed by immediate secondary infection were considered as the causes for failure rather than rejection by the host.
Near‐fatal complications of tracheotomy infections and their prevention
Authors: Wang Robert C. , Perlman Philip W. , Parnes Steven M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInfectious complications of tracheotomy range from minor to potentially fatal. Three cases are presented: clavicular osteomyelitis; innominate artery blowout with mediastinitis; and the first reported case of necrotizing fasciitis involving the chest wall related to tracheotomy infection. All patients were debilitated, with one diabetic and another steroid‐dependent. Infectious sequelae occurred as late as 8 weeks following tracheotomy. The mechanism, treatment, and prevention of tracheotomy infections are reviewed. Indications for the creation of a permanent but reversible tracheostome should be expanded to prevent infections in debilitated or immunosuppressed patients in whom decannulation is unlikely.
Cancer of distant primary site relapsing in the nasopharynx: A report of two cases and review of the literature
Authors: McKay Michael Jerome , Carr Peter John , Jaworski Richard , Kalnins Inars 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCancers metastatic to the nasopharynx are rarities. We present here two more such tumors. Although the clinical features of primary and secondary tumors in the nasopharynx are indistinguishable, a past history of treatment for malignant disease is an obvious clue to the correct diagnosis.
Gigantiform cementoma of the jaws
Authors: Thompson Stevan H. , Altini Mario 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFibro‐osseous cemental lesions of the jaw remain a controversial area of bone/cementum pathology. This article describes the clinicopathological features of 28 lesions classified as gigantiform cementoma. Black women are affected more frequently than other race and sex groups, with a peak frequency of occurrence in the fourth and fifth decades. The posterior mandible is preferentially affected and unifocal lesions (67.9%) occur more frequently than multifocal lesions (32.1%). Dull pain and a centrifugal size increase are the most prevalent presenting symptoms. Of 28 cases with parental and sibling clinical information, there were no cases which exhibited an autosomal dominant genetic association. The pathogenesis of this lesion in relation to other cemental lesions of the jaws, as well as the clinical management of cemental jaw lesions, is discussed.
The tooth as a foreign body in soft tissue after head and neck trauma
Authors: Houck John R. , Klingensmith Mark R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThorough evaluation of dentition is important in the management of craniofacial trauma. Avulsed or fractured teeth in the pulmonary and gastrointestinal tracts can lead to serious complications that are well described. However, the penetration of avulsed teeth into soft tissues of the head and neck is unusual and may not be recognized. Two cases in which a tooth became a foreign body in these soft tissues are illustrative. One patient had bronchoscopy for possible aspiration of an avulsed maxillary canine; it was later found embedded in the premaxillary tissues. The other patient had a right mandibular molar propelled into the posterior triangle of the left side of the neck. Physicians must be aware of dental injury resulting from facial trauma and account for all teeth as part of their evaluation, keeping an open mind as to where a missing tooth might be located.
Free jejunal interposition graft for reconstruction of the esophagus
Authors: Fisher Samuel R. , Cameron Ray , Hoyt David J. , Cole T. Boyce , Seigler Hilliard F. , Meyers William C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForty‐seven patients underwent pharyngoesophageal reconstruction using a free jejunal interposition graft (FJIG) at Duke University Medical Center from 1978 through 1987. There were 30 men and 17 women with ages ranging from 38 to 87 years old (mean age, 64 years). Twenty‐one patients (group A) had no prior surgical procedures, 20 (group B) were reconstructed following radiation and/or surgical failure, with 6 patients (group C) having benign strictures of the upper alimentary tract. Follow‐up ranged up to 122 months (mean, 23 months), with 3 patients lost to follow‐up, and 4 perioperative deaths (within 3 months of surgery). There were a total of 9 initial graft failures, 4 patients undergoing successful re‐implantation, resulting in an overall success rate of 89% (42 of 47). Excluding patients with graft failures, perioperative deaths, and patients lost to follow‐up, 33 of 36 patients with a viable FJIG were able to maintain adequate swallowing function yielding a physiologic success rate of 86%. All of the 21 patients dying of recurrent disease had excellent palliation with the FJIG. Of the 7 patients who are alive, only 1 has dysphagia secondary to stricture. In conclusion, it is felt that the FJIG is a sophisticated method of reconstructing large surgical defects of the pharyngoesophagus with a high technical and physiologic success rate.
Modification of compensatory swallowing in a supraglottic laryngectomy patient
Authors: Hamlet Sandra , Mathog Robert , Fleming Susan , Jones Lewis , Muz Jaroslaw 
Published: February 2007

AbstractResults are presented for repeated videofluoroscopic and scintigraphic examinations of a supraglottic laryngectomy patient, illustrating the successful use and later changes in a compensatory swallow. Issues in patient management are outlined, stressing the importance of interaction between radiologists and dysphagia therapists in the rehabilitation of such patients.
Patterns of cervical node metastases from squamous carcinoma of the oropharynx and hypopharynx
Authors: Candela Frank C. , Kothari Kiran , Shah Jatin P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective review of 333 previously untreated patients from 1965 to 1986, with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx or hypopharynx, was undertaken to ascertain the prevalence of neck node metastases by neck level. The 333 patients underwent 344 classical radical neck dissections. Patients were grouped by clinical neck status at the time of neck dissection: elective dissection in the NO neck (N = 71), and immediate therapeutic dissection in the N+ neck (N = 259). Detailed analysis was performed for each group based on the specific primary site. This revealed a predominance of neck node metastases in levels II, III, and IV for both oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal primaries. Isolated “skip” metastases outside of levels II, III, or IV occurred in only 1 patient (0.3%). Otherwise, level I or V involvement was always associated with nodal metastases at other levels (ie, N2 disease). These data support the trend toward selective limited neck dissection (anterior modified) in NO patients. Furthermore, they provide the foundation for planning of future prospective trials to assess the efficacy of modifications in the extent of neck dissection for carcinomas of the oropharynx or hypopharynx.
Interstitial brachytherapy and early tongue squamous cell carcinoma management
Authors: Lefebvre J. L. , Coche‐Dequeant B. , Castelain B. , Prevost B. , Buisset E. , Ton Van J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe results of treatment of 341 previously untreated patients with early squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the anterior two thirds of the tongue using iridium 192 implants (January 1974‐December 1983) are presented. Furthermore, 265 patients underwent neck dissection, followed, in 102 cases, by radiotherapy. Incidence of local treatment complications was 19% (66 patients) however, only 3% (11 patients) needed more than a single medical treatment. Two months after completion of overall treatment, 326 patients (96%) were free of disease. Local failures occurred in 18% of cases; however, after successful salvage surgery this rate was reduced to 11%. Neck failures occurred in 18% of cases, but after successful salvage were reduced to 12%. Distant metastases were rare (1.5%), whereas metachronous cancers were frequent (102 patients). Survival rates were 61% (56% to 66%) at 3 years, 46% (41% to 51%) at 5 years, and 26% (23% to 34%) at 10 years. Deaths due to tongue cancer evolution (20%) equalled those due to metachronous cancers (18.5%) and intercurrent diseases (21%).
Reconstruction of massive defects of the scalp, cranium, and dura after resection of scalp neoplasms
Authors: Wackym Phillip A. , Feuerman Tony , Strasnick Barry , Calcaterra Thomas C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMassive defects of the scalp, cranium, and dura can be covered with local rotation, transposition scalp flaps. Five cases of massive defects of up to 300 square centimeters resulting from resection of scalp neoplasms were reconstructed by this technique. Excellent cosmetic and functional results were obtained in all cases. Although the emphasis in the recent literature has been on free flap coverage of these massive defects, our series demonstrates that these extensive scalp defects can be reconstructed using large local scalp flap transposition.
Claudication on mastication following bilateral external carotid ligation
Authors: Liston Stephen L. , Siegel Leighton G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLigation of both external carotid arteries to control epistaxis can produce a decrease in the blood supply of the muscles of mastication sufficient to cause pain typical of claudication while chewing. We report 3 cases of this complication. We advocate that this procedure be used only in special circumstances.
Gadolinium‐enhanced MRI of tumors of the head and neck
Authors: Phillips C. Douglas , Gay Spencer B. , Newton Richard L. , Levine Paul A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHigh‐resolution computed tomographic (CT) scanning and, more recently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have provided more accurate evaluation of the extent of head and neck neoplasms. With increasing experience, better methodology is being developed to improve imaging accuracy. We present a series of patients with clinically proven neoplasms of the oropharynx and larynx, evaluated by MR using T1‐weighted, T2‐ weighted, and post‐gadolinium (Gd)‐DTPA T1‐weighted imaged. The concept behind the use of Gd‐DTPA was that it might permit the use of only pre‐ and postcontrast T1‐weighted sequences, reducing examination time and increasing the sensitivity of the examination. It was also anticipated that Gd‐DTPA could increase tumor conspicuity and edge definition. Imaging planes were chosen to best define the tumor extent and axial images were performed to evaluate adenopathy. The imaging results were compared with the clinical evaluation and with nonGd‐enhanced MRI. We present examples of the significantly improved soft tissue contrast with Gd‐DTPA T1‐weighted images and discuss the improved tumor margin definition with Gd‐ DTPA. Those cases in which it does not provide improved information will also be presented.