bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the feasibility of immersive virtual reality to measure upper limb motor performance in typically developing children and adolescents
Authors: Alrashidi Mohammed , Evans Jack O. , Tomlinson Richard J. , Williams Craig A. , Buckingham Gavin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOver the last five years, virtual reality (VR) has become more popular in pediatric physiotherapy. In this study, we assessed the feasibility and acceptability of measuring upper-limb movements in typically-developing children and adolescents using an immersive virtual reality (iVR) headset. Thirty-six typically-developing children (age: 12 ± 2.1 y) were recruited and required to draw circles in a custom-built virtual environment using a Meta-Quest-2 headset. Outcomes were the System Usability Scale (SUS), Developmental Coordination Disorder-Questionnaire (DCD-Q), and three metrics of circle drawing performance (movement time, mean velocity and circle roundness). The mean score for the SUS was 74 ± 11, indicating good levels of acceptability and usability when the participants used the headset. No strong relationships were observed between the circle drawing metrics and DCD-Q scores (rho = < 0.3, p = > 0.05), but circle roundness ratios were positively and significantly correlated with SUS scores (rho = 0.5, p = 0.003). No adverse effects associated with iVR use were reported for any participants. This study showed that iVR is a viable method to measure upper-limb motor performance in children and adolescents, highlighting the potential value of this tool in pediatric physiotherapy practice.
Geschlechtsspezifische Aspekte beim Lungenkarzinom
Authors: Mosleh Berta , Gompelmann Daniela , Sarova Pavla 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungIn den vergangenen Jahrzehnten hat sich der Inzidenztrend des Lungenkarzinoms signifikant gewandelt, wobei eine Abnahme der Häufigkeit bei Männern und eine Zunahme bei Frauen zu verzeichnen sind. Dieser Wandel ist vorrangig auf veränderte Rauchgewohnheiten zurückzuführen, die durch einen Anstieg des Nikotinkonsums bei Frauen und einen rückläufigen Trend bei Männern gekennzeichnet sind. Weitere Erklärungen für die Zunahme der Inzidenz bei Frauen sind eine erhöhte Suszeptibilität für die karzinogenen Wirkungen des aktiven und passiven Zigarettenrauchens sowie die Wirkungen der Luftverschmutzung im Freien und in geschlossenen Räumen. Diese Differenzen in der Suszeptibilität könnten auf genetische, hormonelle oder metabolische Faktoren zurückzuführen sein. Während in der Vergangenheit bei Männern histologisch das Plattenepithelkarzinom dominierte, ist die Verteilung der histologischen Subtypen heute bei beiden Geschlechtern ausgeglichen, wobei das Adenokarzinom den häufigsten histologischen Subtyp darstellt. Genetische Alterationen, insbesondere EGFR(„epidermal growth factor receptor“)-, KRAS(„Kirsten rat sarcoma virus oncogene homolog“)-, BRAF(„v‑Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1“)- und TP53(„tumor protein p53“)-Mutationen, sind bei Frauen häufiger als bei Männern. Hinsichtlich der Therapie zeigt sich, dass Frauen auf platinbasierte Chemotherapie, Kombination von Chemo- und Immuntherapie sowie zielgerichtete Therapie besser ansprechen als Männer. Gleichzeitig treten bei Frauen allerdings auch mehr Nebenwirkungen auf. Auf eine alleinige Immuntherapie sprechen Frauen hingegen schlechter an. In früheren Krankheitsstadien haben Frauen nach Resektion und Bestrahlung eine günstigere Prognose als Männer, sodass das weibliche Geschlecht unabhängig von Stadium, Histologie und Therapieform (außer bei Monoimmuntherapie) einen positiven Prognosefaktor darstellt. Darüber hinaus konnte gezeigt werden, dass Frauen mit einer Raucheranamnese mehr von einem CT(Computertomographie)-Screening profitieren als Männer.
Deep reinforcement learning-based methods for resource scheduling in cloud computing: a review and future directions
Authors: Zhou Guangyao , Tian Wenhong , Buyya Rajkumar , Xue Ruini , Song Liang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWith the acceleration of the Internet in Web 2.0, Cloud computing is a new paradigm to offer dynamic, reliable and elastic computing services. Efficient scheduling of resources or optimal allocation of requests is one of the prominent issues in emerging Cloud computing. Considering the growing complexity of Cloud computing, future Cloud systems will require more effective resource management methods. In some complex scenarios with difficulties in directly evaluating the performance of scheduling solutions, classic algorithms (such as heuristics and meta-heuristics) will fail to obtain an effective scheme. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is a novel method to solve scheduling problems. Due to the combination of deep learning and reinforcement learning (RL), DRL has achieved considerable performance in current studies. To focus on this direction and analyze the application prospect of DRL in Cloud scheduling, we provide a comprehensive review for DRL-based methods in resource scheduling of Cloud computing. Through the theoretical formulation of scheduling and analysis of RL frameworks, we discuss the advantages of DRL-based methods in Cloud scheduling. We also highlight different challenges and discuss the future directions existing in the DRL-based Cloud scheduling.
Evaluation of histological and ultrastructural changes provoked by prenatal tramadol on postnatal cortical cerebellar neuronal development in rats: possible implication of Ki67, GFAP and MicroRNA-7/P53 signalling trajectories
Authors: Abdelmoez Walaa Adel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTramadol is a novel centrally acting analgesic. Despite, its implementation during pregnancy may impair neuronal survival and synaptic development in neonatal cerebella. The current investigation assessed the histological and ultrastructural alterations in postnatal cortical cerebellar neuronal development induced by prenatal tramadol. 30 offsprings were divided to control group I: fifteen pups born to mothers given saline from D10 till D21 of gestation. Tramadol-treated group II: fifteen pups born to mothers received tramadol HCL (50 mg/kg/day) from D10 till D21 of gestation. Pups were categorized into three subgroups (a, b, and c) and offered for sacrifice on the seventh, fourteenth and twenty-first post-natal days. Light microscopic examination revealed the overcrowding and signs of red degeneration affecting purkinje cell layer. Neurodegenerative signs of both purkinje and granule cell neurons were also confirmed by TEM in form of chromatin condensation, dilated Golgi channels, disrupted endoplasmic reticulum, marked infolding of the nuclear envelope and decrease in granule cell precursors. In addition, the astrocytic processes and terminal nerve axons appeared with different degrees of demyelination and decreased number of oligodendrocytes and degenerated mitochondria. Furthermore, group II exhibited an increase in P53 immune expression. The area percentage of apoptotic cells detected by TUNEL assay was significantly increased. Besides to the significant decrease of Ki67 immunoreactivity in the stem neuronal cell progenitors. Quantitative PCR results showed a significant decline in micro RNA7 gene expression in tramadol treated groups resulting in affection of multiple target genes in P53 signaling pathways, improper cortical size and defect in neuronal development.
Employing supramolecular chemistry strategies for the separation of mixtures of anisole and bromoanisole isomers
Authors: Barton Benita , Senekal Ulrich 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the present work, host compounds trans-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracene-11,12-dicarboxylate (H1), trans-α,α,α’,α’-tetraphenyl-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracene-11,12-dimethanol (H2) and trans-α,α,α’,α’-tetra(p-chlorophenyl)-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracene-11,12-dimethanol (H3) were assessed for their host ability for anisole (ANI) and 2-, 3- and 4-bromoanisole (2-, 3- and 4-BA). It was demonstrated that H3 formed complexes with each of these guest species, while H1 and H2 only possessed the ability to enclathrate ANI. When H3 was crystallized from equimolar binary guest solutions, a significantly enhanced host affinity was observed for ANI and 3-BA. As examples, equimolar binary ANI/2-BA and 2-BA/3-BA solutions afforded complexes that demonstrated a near-complete H3 selectivity towards ANI (97.5%) and 3-BA (94.5%), respectively. Furthermore, from H3 crystallization experiments in binary ANI/2-BA, ANI/4-BA, 3-BA/2-BA and 3-BA/4-BA mixtures, where the molar guest amounts were varied sequentially, were calculated significant selectivity coefficients (K values), so much so that H3 may be used to separate very many of the guest anisole mixtures prepared in this work, through supramolecular chemistry strategies, which serves as a greener separation protocol compared with tedious and energy intensive fractional distillations. Thermal analyses were also used to investigate the relative stabilities of each of the single solvent complexes.
Hypergraph p-Laplacians and Scale Spaces
Authors: Fazeny Ariane , Tenbrinck Daniel , Lukin Kseniia , Burger Martin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to revisit the definition of differential operators on hypergraphs, which are a natural extension of graphs in systems based on interactions beyond pairs. In particular, we focus on the definition of Laplacian and p-Laplace operators for oriented and unoriented hypergraphs, their basic properties, variational structure, and their scale spaces. We illustrate that diffusion equations on hypergraphs are possible models for different applications such as information flow on social networks or image processing. Moreover, the spectral analysis and scale spaces induced by these operators provide a potential method to further analyze complex data and their multiscale structure. The quest for spectral analysis and suitable scale spaces on hypergraphs motivates in particular a definition of differential operators with trivial first eigenfunction and thus more interpretable second eigenfunctions. This property is not automatically satisfied in existing definitions of hypergraph p-Laplacians, and we hence provide a novel axiomatic approach that extends previous definitions and can be specialized to satisfy such (or other) desired properties.
Ask, but You Might not Receive: Unanswered Supervisor Support Scale Development and a Daily Diary Study
Authors: McIlroy Thomas D. , Parker Stacey L. , McKimmie Blake M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Supervisor support is widely studied in the organizational literature, yet existing measures tend to exclusively focus on either the provision or the seeking of support, while overlooking instances where employees seek support but do not receive it – an experience termed unanswered supervisor support (USS). In Study 1 (N = 312 employees), we developed a measure of the experience of USS and examined its reliability and validity. In Study 2, we provided further support for the measure and, using a diary methodology, examined daily fluctuations in the experience and consequences of USS. Drawing from self-determination theory, we expected that need satisfaction and frustration would mediate the effects of USS on emotional exhaustion, perceived leadership effectiveness, and helping behavior. For five workdays, 199 employees completed a survey at the end of each workday. As predicted, on days when employees experienced USS, they had greater need frustration and emotional exhaustion. They also had lower need satisfaction and perceived their supervisor as a less effective leader. The association between USS and emotional exhaustion was mediated by need frustration – in particular, frustration of the needs for competence and relatedness. Further analyses showed that relatedness frustration mediated the effects of USS on employees’ perceptions of their leader’s effectiveness. The experience of USS in daily work life has implications for employees’ well-being and the way they perceive their supervisor. Thus, employees, supervisors, and organizations need to be aware of the impact of USS and how to prevent and manage its occurrence.
Subspace Acceleration for a Sequence of Linear Systems and Application to Plasma Simulation
Authors: Guido Margherita , Kressner Daniel , Ricci Paolo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe present an acceleration method for sequences of large-scale linear systems, such as the ones arising from the numerical solution of time-dependent partial differential equations coupled with algebraic constraints. We discuss different approaches to leverage the subspace containing the history of solutions computed at previous time steps in order to generate a good initial guess for the iterative solver. In particular, we propose a novel combination of reduced-order projection with randomized linear algebra techniques, which drastically reduces the number of iterations needed for convergence. We analyze the accuracy of the initial guess produced by the reduced-order projection when the coefficients of the linear system depend analytically on time. Extending extrapolation results by Demanet and Townsend to a vector-valued setting, we show that the accuracy improves rapidly as the size of the history increases, a theoretical result confirmed by our numerical observations. In particular, we apply the developed method to the simulation of plasma turbulence in the boundary of a fusion device, showing that the time needed for solving the linear systems is significantly reduced.
Quantified Modal Logics: One Approach to Rule (Almost) them All!
Authors: Orlandelli Eugenio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe present a general approach to quantified modal logics that can simulate most other approaches. The language is based on operators indexed by terms which allow to express de re modalities and to control the interaction of modalities with the first-order machinery and with non-rigid designators. The semantics is based on a primitive counterpart relation holding between n-tuples of objects inhabiting possible worlds. This allows an object to be represented by one, many, or no object in an accessible world. Moreover by taking as primitive a relation between n-tuples we avoid some shortcoming of standard individual counterparts. Finally, we use cut-free labelled sequent calculi to give a proof-theoretic characterisation of the quantified extensions of each first-order definable propositional modal logic. In this way we show how to complete many axiomatically incomplete quantified modal logics.
Proximity Labelling Confirms the Involvement of Papain-Like Cysteine Proteases and Chaperones in Cyclotide Biosynthesis
Authors: Lee Meng-Han , Jackson Mark A. , Rehm Fabian B. H. , Barkauskas Deborah S. , Ho Wing L. , Yap Kuok , Craik David J. , Gilding Edward K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCyclotides are disulfide-rich insecticidal peptides from plants that harbour a cyclic cystine knot motif that imparts them with high stability. Like most ribosomally encoded peptides, cyclotides are produced as precursor proteins that are subsequently processed to maturity through proteolytic activity. Although the final maturation of the prototypic cyclotide kalata B1 (kB1) is known to involve asparaginyl endopeptidases, the role of the in planta folding machinery is less well characterized, as is also the case for in planta N-terminal processing enzyme(s). Here, we used proximity labelling to identify proteins involved in the biosynthesis of kB1 in both a cyclotide-bearing plant species, Petunia × hybrida [Regel], and in Nicotiana benthamiana [Domin] that does not naturally produce cyclotides. Together, several ER resident chaperones, protein disulfide isomerases, a papain-like cysteine protease, and an asparaginyl endopeptidase were identified in the kB1 interactome. We found that overexpression of the identified papain-like cysteine protease resulted in an improvement in the yield of cyclic kB1, while this was not the case for the overexpression of protein disulfide isomerases, despite their interaction being verified using bimolecular fluorescence complementation. Together, these results provide a significant advance in our understanding of the role of auxiliary biosynthetic elements for heterologous cyclotide production in plants.
Rasch validation of the short form (8 item) PC-QoL questionnaire and applicability of use as a health state classification system for a new preference-based measure
Authors: Roberts Jack M. , Chang Anne B. , Goyal Vikas , Kapur Nitin , Marchant Julie M. , McPhail Steven M. , Kularatna Sanjeewa 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The parent-proxy paediatric chronic cough quality of life questionnaire (PC-QoL) is a commonly used measure of spillover quality of life in parents of children with chronic cough. To date, spillover health utility in these parents is not routinely estimated largely due to the lack of a suitable instrument. Their perspective is not included in economic evaluations of interventions for their children. We explored developing a health state classification system based on the PC-QoL for measuring health utility spill over in this population.

Methods
This study included PC-QoL 8-item responses of 653 parents participating in a prospective cohort study about paediatric chronic cough. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Rasch analysis were used to examine dimensionality and select potential items and level structure.

Results
EFA indicated that the PC-QoL had one underlying domain. Rasch analysis indicated threshold disordering in all items which improved when items were collapsed from seven to four levels. Two demonstrated differential item functioning (DIF) by diagnosis or ethnicity and were excluded from the final scale. This scale satisfied Rasch assumptions of local independence and unidimensionality and demonstrated acceptable fit to the Rasch model. It was presented to and modified by an expert panel and a consumer panel. The resulting classification system had six items, each with four levels.

Discussion
The PC-QoL can conform to a Rasch model with minor modifications. It may be a good basis for the classification system of a child cough-specific PBM. A valuation study is required to estimate preference weights for each item and to estimate health utility in parents of children with chronic cough.
Augmenting the Softmax with Additional Confidence Scores for Improved Selective Classification with Out-of-Distribution Data
Authors: Xia Guoxuan , Bouganis Christos-Savvas 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDetecting out-of-distribution (OOD) data is a task that is receiving an increasing amount of research attention in the domain of deep learning for computer vision. However, the performance of detection methods is generally evaluated on the task in isolation, rather than also considering potential downstream tasks in tandem. In this work, we examine selective classification in the presence of OOD data (SCOD). That is to say, the motivation for detecting OOD samples is to reject them so their impact on the quality of predictions is reduced. We show under this task specification, that existing post-hoc methods perform quite differently compared to when evaluated only on OOD detection. This is because it is no longer an issue to conflate in-distribution (ID) data with OOD data if the ID data is going to be misclassified. However, the conflation within ID data of correct and incorrect predictions becomes undesirable. We also propose a novel method for SCOD, Softmax Information Retaining Combination (SIRC), that augments a softmax-based confidence score with a secondary class-agnostic feature-based score. Thus, the ability to identify OOD samples is improved without sacrificing separation between correct and incorrect ID predictions. Experiments on a wide variety of ImageNet-scale datasets and convolutional neural network architectures show that SIRC is able to consistently match or outperform the baseline for SCOD, whilst existing OOD detection methods fail to do so. Interestingly, we find that the secondary scores investigated for SIRC do not consistently improve performance on all tested OOD datasets. To address this issue, we further extend SIRC to incorporate multiple secondary scores (SIRC+). This further improves SCOD performance, both generally, and in terms of consistency over diverse distribution shifts. Code is available at https://github.com/Guoxoug/SIRC.
Organizational unlearning as a process: What we know, what we don’t know, what we should know
Authors: Klammer Adrian , Grisold Thomas , Nguyen Nhien , Hsu Shih-wei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAlthough the field of organizational unlearning has recently gained increased interest, its conceptual foundations and raison d’être are still debated. In this review, we aim to revisit various discourses and arguments to advance the understanding of organizational unlearning in management and organization studies. Using an integrative literature review approach with systematic elements, we examine the existing body of research on organizational unlearning. We review the literature from different perspectives, focusing on a process-based understanding in terms of why and how organizations intentionally discard knowledge. Based on our review, we develop an integrative framework that portrays organizational unlearning as a dynamically unfolding process over time. We propose implications and offer research directions that will allow future researchers to develop a more profound understanding of the concept.
For sustainability environment: some determinants of greenhouse gas emissions from the agricultural sector in EU-27 countries
Authors: Doğan Hasan Gökhan , Kan Mustafa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractClimate events significantly affect the lives of not only humanity but also all living things. Just as transformation in the ecosystem affects sectors, all sectors also transform the ecosystem. It is stated that the agricultural sector is at the root of the deterioration in the ecosystem due to the effect of intensive agriculture after the green revolution. It can be stated that, with an understanding far from the concept of sustainability, the foodstuffs and their waste produced in the agricultural sector are considered among the causes of climate change, which is now concentrated on the whole world in the third millennium. In this study, the effect of N2O gas released from produce residues and the release of enteric fermentation on the level of CO2 released from agricultural-food systems was investigated using advanced econometric models. The findings reveal that both factors are effective. However, it can be stated that the effect of N2O gas released from the produce residues is greater. Suggestions such as improving feed rations and maintaining herd management strategies within certain patterns to reduce the level of enteric fermentation may contribute to the process. In produce residue management, turning waste into compost and expanding bioenergy power plants will ensure both waste disposal and resource continuity in generating energy. Otherwise, the decreasing resources in the world may come to an end, and there will be disruptions and problems in the agricultural sector, as in all sectors. Considering the increasing world population, it is inevitable that food supply security may be endangered and the hunger problem may reach an irreversible level.