bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ab initio simulations of diluted magnetic semiconductors: cobalt‐doped zinc oxide
Authors: Nayak Sanjeev K. , Ogura Masako , Hucht Alfred , Buschmann Stephan , Akai Hisazumi , Entel Peter 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe structural and magnetic properties of diluted magnetic III–V and II–VI semiconductors (DMS) have been investigated using ab initio simulations techniques based on density functional theory and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) for the exchange–correlation term. In order to achieve an agreement with spectroscopic data of the electronic structure, it is necessary to employ methods which go beyond the standard implementation of density funcional theory allowing for a better description of Coulomb correlations in the poorly screened rather open ionic structures of the materials. As an example, we give a detailed description of Co‐doped ZnO in the wurtzite lattice. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Magnetotransport and structural properties of superconducting BPSCCO thick film on MgO substrate
Authors: Albiss B. A. , Gharaibeh M. , Obaidat I. M. , Al‐Rawashdeh N. , Oweis R. , Hamdi N. , Qaseer M. K. Hasan 
Published: June 2008

AbstractSuperconducting thick films of Bi1.8Pb0.4Sr2Ca2.2Cu3Ox (BPSCCO) have been prepared on MgO single crystal substrates by employing a screen‐printing method. Using this technique, we have prepared several samples utilizing different experimental conditions. Optimization of properties such as film thickness, microstructure, phase formation and annealing time was carefully monitored to obtain samples with transport properties that are quite sensitive to relatively low magnetic fields. The thick film was characterized using XRD, SEM, I–V characteristics and magnetoresistance methods. The microstructural analysis revealed that the samples were superconducting with the existence of a considerable number of weak links between the grains and at the grain boundaries. When the R–B curves were plotted at T = 77 K and at relatively low applied magnetic fields up to 100 G, the value of the normalized resistance was well fitted to the relation R (B)/R (B = 0) = 1 + αB2, where α is a constant. Samples were also measured after several thermal cycles to check the reproducibility at various experimental conditions. It was demonstrated that the I–V curves were independent of the number of thermal cycles and exhibited no significant change at relatively low currents and magnetic fields. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The Effects of Sildenafil Citrate on Ischemic Colonic Anastomotic Healing in Rats: Its Relationship Between Nitric Oxide and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Uzun Hafize , Konukoglu D. , Nuri M. K. , Ersoy E. Y. , Özçevik S. , Yavuz N. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to examine the effects of sildenafil citrate on normal and ischemic colon anastomosis in the rat model by measuring the levels of blood and colonic tissues nitric oxide, thiobarbituric acid reactive substrates (as a marker of lipid peroxidation), and glutathione (as an antioxidant).MethodsNormal (group 1 and 3) and ischemic anastomosis (group 2 and 4) were performed in four equal rat groups (n = 14). Orally 10 mg/kg per day of sildenafil citrate therapy were applied in group 3 and group 4 after operation. Seven rats of the each group were killed on postoperative days 3 and 7.ResultsSildenafil citrate therapy was resulted in elevated nitric oxide levels in both normal and ischemic anastomotic tissues (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.03) at postoperative day 3. Tissue thiobarbituric acid reactive substrate levels were elevated in rats with normal anastomosis by sildenafil therapy (p < 0.001) at postoperative days 3 and 7 (p < 0.05). Sildenafil therapy given to the normal anastomosis group has significantly higher tissue nitric oxide levels than the normal anastomosis group without therapy at postoperative day 7 (p < 0.001). On postoperative day 7, plasma nitric oxide levels were decreased by sildenafil citrate in rats with normal (p < 0.01) and ischemic anastomosis (p < 0.05). The beneficial effect of sildenafil citrate also was seen for erythrocyte glutathione levels in rats with normal anastomosis at postoperative day 7 and in rats with ischemic anastomosis at postoperative day 3.ConclusionsOur results suggest that sildenafil citrate may affect ischemic anastomotic healing due to its possible effects on nitric oxide metabolism and lipid peroxidation. However, functional implication of this agent further needs to be elucidated.
Preoperative Prediction of the Location of Parotid Gland Tumors using Anatomical Landmarks
Authors: Lim Chi Young , Chang Hang‐Seok , Nam Kee‐Hyun , Chung Woong Youn , Park Cheong Soo 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBackgroundThe location of the parotid gland tumor can affect the duration and difficulty of operation. Therefore, accurate preoperative evaluation of tumor location can affect surgical outcomes.MethodsResults in 100 patients with parotid gland tumors who underwent parotidectomy between January 2000 and October 2005 were retrospectively reviewed. Tumor location was determined relative to four landmarks—facial nerve (FN) line, Utrecht (U) line, Conn’s arc (CA), and retromandibular vein (RV)—on computerized tomography (CT) scans, and confirmed by intraoperative findings. The accuracy of each landmark was evaluated. Correlations between accuracy and tumor size were determined for tumors ≤2 cm and >2 cm in diameter.ResultsOf the four landmarks, the U line was the most accurate (94%), sensitive (89.3%), and specific (97.7%) in predicting tumor location. However, for tumors ≤2 cm in diameter, FN line (p = 0.022) and RV (p = 0.028) were significantly more accurate than U line and CA.ConclusionAlthough the U line was the most accurate in predicting the location of parotid gland tumors, landmarks predicting accurate tumor location should be selected according to tumor size.
Chronic allograft nephropathy
Authors: Fletcher Jeffery T. , Nankivell Brian J. , Alexander Stephen I. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) is the leading cause of renal allograft loss in paediatric renal transplant recipients. CAN is the result of immunological and nonimmunological injury, including acute rejection episodes, hypoperfusion, ischaemia reperfusion, calcineurin toxicity, infection and recurrent disease. The development of CAN is often insidious and may be preceded by subclinical rejection in a well-functioning allograft. Classification of CAN is histological using the Banff classification of renal allograft pathology with classic findings of interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, glomerulosclerosis, fibrointimal hyperplasia and arteriolar hyalinosis. Although improvement in immunosuppression has led to greater 1-year graft survival rates, chronic graft loss remains relatively unchanged and opportunistic infectious complications remain a problem. Protocol biopsy monitoring is not current practice in paediatric transplantation for CAN monitoring but may have a place if new treatment options become available. Newer immunosuppression regimens, closer monitoring of the renal allograft and management of subclinical rejection may lead to reduced immune injury leading to CAN in the paediatric population but must be weighed against the risk of increased immunosuppression and calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity.
A Longitudinal Analysis of Psychiatric Severity upon Outcomes Among Substance Abusers Residing in Self‐Help Settings
Authors: Majer John M. , Jason Leonard A. , North Carol S. , Ferrari Joseph R. , Porter Nicole S. , Olson Bradley , Davis Margaret , Aase Darrin , Molloy J. Paul 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA longitudinal analysis of psychiatric severity was conducted with a national sample of recovering substance abusers living in Oxford Houses, which are self‐run, self‐help settings. Outcomes related to residents' psychiatric severity were examined at three follow‐up intervals over one year. Over time, Oxford House residents with high versus low baseline psychiatric severity reported significantly more days using psychiatric medication, decreased outpatient psychiatric treatment, yet no significant differences for number of days abstinent and time living in an Oxford House. These findings suggest that a high level of psychiatric severity is not an impediment to residing in self‐run, self‐help settings such as Oxford House among persons with psychiatric comorbid substance use disorders.
Synthesis and Characterization of Soyamide Ferulate
Authors: Rawlins James W. , Pramanik Monoj , Mendon Sharathkumar K. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractFerulic acid (4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxycinnamic acid) is a phytochemical antioxidant that is widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom. Cinnamic acid derivatives are used as biobased ultraviolet (UV) absorbers in sunscreen formulations. Soybean oil ferulate, a biobased UV absorber, was synthesized by reacting soyamide with ferulic acid. The resulting product was characterized by infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Spectroscopic studies measured the soyamide‐based ferulate maximum absorbance at 327 nm with a molar extinction coefficient of 19,705 L mol−1 cm−1. Soyamide ferulate has potential to be used in coatings.
Prognostic importance of a short deceleration time in symptomatic congestive heart failure☆
Authors: Akkan Dilek , Kjærgaard Jesper , Møller Jacob Eifer , Hassager Christian , Torp‐Pedersen Christian , Køber Lars ,   EchoCardiography and Heart Outcome Study (ECHOS) investigators
Published: June 2008

AbstractAims:A restrictive transmitral filling (RF) pattern predicts increased mortality in heart failure (HF) with reduced left ventricular (LV) systolic function. We performed a combined evaluation of LV function and RF for prognosis in patients with HF with and without systolic dysfunction.Methods and results:Doppler echocardiography was performed in 972 patients with symptomatic HF. RF was considered present when deceleration time (DT) was ≤140 ms and non‐RF when > 140 ms. A DT >240 ms was defined as delayed relaxation. During a median of 51 months the unadjusted all‐cause mortality rates were significantly increased among patients with RF vs. the non‐RF group (1‐ and 4‐year mortality was 25% and 54% vs. 17% and 43%). In a multivariable model, RF was a significant predictor of all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR)=2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.5–2.6) whereas delayed relaxation was without prognostic importance (HR=0.9, CI:0.5–1.6). Repeating the multivariable model in subgroups of wall motion index (WMI) showed that RF was a strong predictor of mortality independent of WMI. For patients with LVEF of at least 50%, HR for RF was 2.0 (CI:1.1–3.4; p=0.02) and interaction between LVEF and RF was not significant.Conclusion:In a heterogeneous population hospitalised for symptomatic HF a restrictive transmitral filling pattern, defined as shortened deceleration time, during hospitalisation is an ominous prognostic sign independent of LV systolic function.
Home care as an option in worsening chronic heart failure— A pilot study to evaluate feasibility, quality adjusted life years and cost‐effectiveness
Authors: Patel Harshida , Shafazand Masoud , Ekman Inger , Höjgård Sören , Swedberg Karl , Schaufelberger Maria 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBackground:Worsening chronic heart failure (CHF) is largely characterized by frequent hospital admissions and the need for specialist care.Aim:To evaluate the feasibility of home care (HC) versus conventional care (CC) in relation to health‐related quality of life (HRQL) and cost‐utility in patients with worsening CHF.Methods:Thirty‐one patients seeking medical attention at hospital for worsening CHF were randomised to HC or CC. Following discharge within 48 hours from the hospital, patients in the HC group were followed‐up in their homes by a specialist nurse. Follow‐ups were conducted for both groups, 1, 4, 8 and 12 months after inclusion in the study.Results:There was no significant difference in clinical events, adverse events or in HRQL. The total cost related to CHF was lower in the HC group after 12 months (p=0.05).Conclusion:Reduction in cost of care for selected patients with CHF eligible for hospital care might be achieved by early discharge from hospital followed by home visits. Due to the small number of patients, these results must be interpreted with caution.
Using peripheral blood mononuclear cells to determine proteome profiles in human cardiac failure
Authors: Mazzola Alessia , Cianti Riccardo , Bini Luca , Armini Alessandro , Eberini Ivano , Pompella Gerarda , Capecchi Pier Leopoldo , Natale Mariarita , Abbracchio Maria P. , Laghi‐Pasini Franco 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBackground:In chronic heart failure (CHF), peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) might undergo structural and/or functional alterations as a consequence of the development and progression of the disease.Aims:This study was aimed at: (1) assessing the proteome profile of PBMC from Controls and CHF subjects, (2) identifying differentially‐expressed proteins in healthy subjects and patients, and (3) analysing the expression of these proteins in patients after heart transplantation.Methods and results:Proteome changes were assessed in PBMC from 8 healthy and 11 end‐stage CHF (6 Ischaemic Heart Failure [IHF], 5 Dilated CardioMyopathy [DCM]) subjects by gel electrophoresis, PD‐Quest analysis and mass spectrometry. Eighteen proteins were differentially expressed in Controls and CHF patients. However, among CHF patients, these proteins were equally expressed in IHF and DCM subjects. Eleven proteins were found to belong to 4 functional classes (3 cytoskeletal, 4 cell‐cycle progression, 2 stress response and DNA repair, 2 energetic metabolism proteins). Changes in three of the differentially‐expressed proteins were also confirmed by Western blot and were reversed after heart transplantation.Conclusion:Results demonstrate an altered protein expression profile in PBMC of CHF patients compared to Controls, thus providing a basis for further diagnostic and prognostic tests for CHF.
Remission in the outpatient care of schizophrenia: 3-Year results from the Schizophrenia Outpatients Health Outcomes (SOHO) Study in France
Authors: Gasquet Isabelle , Haro Josep Maria , Tcherny-Lessenot Stéphanie , Chartier Florence , Lépine Jean-Pierre 
Published: June 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo analyse the contribution of socio-demographics, clinical profile and psychotropic treatment on remission in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsAmong 933 French outpatients recruited in the European observational Schizophrenia Outpatient Health Outcomes study (SOHO), 563 were followed-up for 3 years, had at most one missing visit, and were included in the analysis. Symptomatic remission was defined as a score of 3 (mild severity) or less on the Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia (CGI) overall, positive, negative and cognitive symptom scales, maintained for at least 6 months and without hospitalization. A logistic regression model was used to analyse the factors associated with time in remission.Results60.6% of patients achieved remission during the 3-year follow-up. Patients never treated before inclusion in the study (OR = 2.3) and those having paid employment (OR = 1.4) were more likely to achieve remission. Higher baseline clinical severity was associated with a significantly lower likelihood of achieving remission: CGI overall (OR = 0.67), CGI positive (OR = 0.85) and CGI negative (OR = 0.74). Compared with olanzapine, other atypicals (OR = 0.71) and conventional antipsychotics (OR = 0.69) were associated with a lower probability of achieving remission.ConclusionsRemission can be achieved in a high proportion of patients. Factors such as being previously untreated, having paid employment and taking olanzapine are predictors of remission.
Basal forebrain atrophy is a presymptomatic marker for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Hall Andrew M. , Moore Robert Y. , Lopez Oscar L. , Kuller Lewis , Becker James T. 
Published: June 2008

BackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common degenerative neurologic disorder. The onset of symptoms is insidious and follows a long period of progression of an asymptomatic pathology that proceeds in a precise anatomic and temporal sequence. Recent studies with quantitative magnetic resonance imaging techniques have shown the localization of the in vivo pathology of AD and its antecedent, mild cognitive impairment. The objective of the present study was to determine whether a sensitive and reliable marker for the presymptomatic phase of the disorder could be identified by longitudinal analysis of an initially asymptomatic, community‐based population.MethodsOne hundred forty‐eight healthy, cognitively normal participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study–Cognition Study had detailed clinical examinations and magnetic resonance imaging scans in 1998–1999 and 2002–2003. Modulated voxel‐based morphometry was used to compare regional brain volumes in subjects who remained cognitively normal after 5 to 6 years of follow‐up (n = 127) with those who developed probable AD during the same period (n = 21).ResultsAmong normal subjects destined to develop AD, there was significant atrophy in the basal forebrain area as long as 4.5 years before the development of clinical symptoms. When the left hippocampus was also atrophic, the onset of dementia typically occurred earlier than in cases in which the atrophy was confined to basal forebrain.ConclusionsAtrophy in the basal forebrain precedes the development of AD in subjects with cognition judged to be normal by neuropsychological testing. The time required to develop dementia appears to be shortened if hippocampal atrophy is also present. These data indicate that atrophy restricted to medial basal forebrain is a biomarker that predicts development of probable AD in asymptomatic elderly subjects.
Neoproterozoic rift and within-plate magmatism in the Yenisei Ridge: implications for the breakup of Rodinia
Authors: Nozhkin A.D. , Turkina O.M. , Bayanova T.B. , Berezhnaya N.G. , Larionov A.N. , Postnikov A.A. , Travin A.V. , Ernst R.E. 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Geological, petrological, geochemical, and isotope data from the Yenisei Ridge indicate three stages of rifting and attendant within-plate magmatism at 750, 700, and 670 Ma. The igneous rocks of the three stages are, respectively, metarhyolite-basalt, trachybasalt-trachyte, and alkali ultramafic (alkali picrite) associations. Magmatism was concurrent with terrigenous deposition of the Neoproterozoic Upper Vorogovka, Chingasan, and Chapa Groups. The volcanosedimentary complexes were deposited in narrow rift-like graben along faults. The earlier consolidated flanking uplifts of the graben experienced granitoid magmatism synchronously with rifting and within-plate volcanism. The respective plutonic events produced granitoid intrusions of the Ayakhta (760–750 Ma), Kutukas (690–700 Ma), and Middle Tatarka (~700 Ma) alkaline complexes, and the later (about 650–670 Ma) alkali ultramafic Chapa complex of carbonatites and metasomatites. Basalts and alkaline rocks are chemically similar to ocean-island and continental-rift basalts which have been reliably attributed to mantle plumes. Neoproterozoic rifting and within-plate magmatism were possibly related to the plume activity responsible for the breakup of Rodinia. These events in the Yenisei Ridge appear to be coeval with rifting and within-plate magmatic processes in other continental blocks which may have been parts of the Rodinia supercontinent.
Permian-Triassic granitoid magmatism and metallogeny of the Hangayn (central Mongolia)
Authors: Orolmaa D. , Erdenesaihan G. , Borisenko A.S. , Fedoseev G.S. , Babich V.V. , Zhmodik S.M. 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
We report new isotope dates and metallogenic and chemical characteristics of granitoids from the Hangayn area (central Mongolia) with implications for the time and tectonic settings of their formation. Proximal U-Pb and Ar-Ar ages of 241.3±1.5 Ma and 238.2±2.5 Ma have been obtained for the Triassic Guchin Us and Hurmen Gol intrusions, respectively, and an Early Permian age (288.7±2.3 Ma, Ar-Ar) for the Bayanulaan granite and for granite porphyry from the Saran Uul Cu-Mo-(Au) deposit. Granitoids of the Egiyn Davaa, Hangayn, and Shar Us Gol complexes in the southwestern Hangayn area are of two geochemical types. Some intrusions that were formerly attributed to these complexes have been reinterpreted as resulting from multiple plutonic pulses of different ages. According to our new data and published evidence, most of granitoids in the area may have been produced by Early-Middle Triassic (255–230 Ma) rather than Permian and Late Triassic-Early Jurassic events. The Hangayn granitoids are of low mineral potential. Gold mineralization in the area is confined within the Hangayn gold belt and appears to be independent of the intrusions.
Cretaceous-Paleogene within-plate magmatism in Central Asia: data from the Tien Shan basalts
Authors: Simonov V.A. , Mikolaichuk A.V. , Rasskazov S.V. , Kovyazin S.V. 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
We investigated local geology of Meso-Cenozoic basalt complexes in the Tien Shan and collected the first samples that represent nearly the entire area of within-plate basaltic magmatism in Central Asia (over 285,000 km2). According to their 40Ar/39Ar ages, the Tien Shan basalts erupted for a relatively short time span between 61 and 76 Ma, in the Late Cretaceous-Paleogene. The trace- and rare-earth-element compositions of rocks show that most of the studied basaltic series in the Tien Shan formed in within-plate magmatic systems related to mantle plume sources. Some melts bear evidence of crustal contamination. The compositions of melt inclusions and patterns of trace and rare-earth elements in them are consistent with the plume origin of the melts and with the evolution of magmatic systems toward an increase in K, Al, and Fe contents. The melt inclusion data show a direct dependence of the crystallization temperatures of parental melts of the Meso-Cenozoic Tien Shan basalts on their Mg#: 1220–1250 °C for picrite basalts of the Uchkuduk site, 1175–1215 °C for basalts of the Tekelik, and 1145–1170 °C for andesite basalts of the Alakol’ site.