bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of fetuin-A and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in gingival crevicular fluid in periodontitis diabetic and nondiabetic patients: an observational diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Fahmy Maha A.K. , Shaker Olfat G. , Elbanna Riham M.H. , Tarrad Nayroz A.F. 
Published: March 2024

Introduction
Periodontitis is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases worldwide although its pathogenesis is still unclear. Diabetes complicates periodontitis changing its grade as a modifying factor. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is regarded now as an important biological fluid especially in periodontal diseases. Hence, the aim of this study was to compare and correlate GCF fetuin-A and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in nondiabetic periodontitis patients and diabetic periodontitis patients with healthy participants revealing their possible role in periodontal disease diagnosis.

Patients and methods
Thirty periodontitis stage III grade B/C patients categorized into two groups according to whether having diabetes mellitus or not were compared to 15 systemically and periodontally healthy participants. Clinical parameters were recorded. Assessment of GCF levels of fetuin-A and hs-CRP were done utilizing an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Receiver operating characteristic curve was performed revealing sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy of both markers.

Results
GCF fetuin-A levels showed statistically significant difference between the three groups (P < 0.001) with the highest level in healthy group followed by the nondiabetic periodontitis group then the diabetic periodontitis group. While for hs-CRP level, it showed significantly higher results in nondiabetic periodontitis group and the diabetic periodontitis group than in healthy group with no statistically significant difference between both periodontitis groups.

Conclusions
Both markers have diagnostic ability in discriminating periodontitis against healthy individuals. However, the diagnostic ability in discriminating diabetic patients with periodontitis against nondiabetic periodontitis patients, fetuin-A showed outstanding ability, while the ability of hs-CRP was acceptable.
Multicomponent reactions of cyanoacetanilide derivatives: Synthesis of coumarin and quinoline derivative and evaluations of their cytotoxicity
Authors: M. Mohareb Rafat , K. Zahran Magdy , R. Maghraby Hager , E.M.  Abdallah Amira 
Published: March 2024

In this study, several fused heterocyclic systems involving tetrahydrobenzopyrans 7a-i and tetrahydrobenzopyridines 9a-i were synthesized. The reactions proceed via a multicomponent reaction of different aromatic aldehydes, cyanoacetanilide derivatives, and cyclohexane-1,3-dione. All the produced compounds were tested for their anticancer activity by using six cancer cell lines such as A549, HT-29, MKN-45, U87MG, SMMC-7721 and H460 utilizing foretinib as the positive control and the standard MTT assay in vitro. The results indicated that many synthesized derivatives were the most potent towards all the cancer cell lines used, six compounds 7e, 7f, 9b, 9d, 9e, and 9g showed the highest potency. The results obtained in this work enhance further investigations in the future.
KEY WORDS: Multi-component reactions, Cyanoacetanilide, Pyran, Pyridine, Cytotoxicity
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 739-750.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.15
Periscoping E-Governance in Nigeria: Matters Arising
Authors: Ebele Nwafor Angela , Chibugo Afuecheta Edigth , Benedicta Umetiti Chidinma 
Published: March 2024

The technological trends of our changing world, has changed the world into a global village where every nation including Nigeria is striving to attain a high level of electronic governance, which revolves around the use of information and communication technology to deliver technology market in Africa, yet in spite of this, the country is still ranked low in the provision of e-government services to its citizens. The paper is adopted content analysis technique. The study also evaluated the parameter of E-governancebased on the laid down guidelines by the United Nations Global E-government Readiness Report. The paper identified and addressed the obstacles and benefit of e-governance. The paper therefore recommends that Nigeria government should create enabling environment where maintenance culture will be an accepted ethic or norm in public life; there should be effective implementation of ICT at all levels of education in both urban and rural areas and Principle of the rule of law must be upheld to promote equality before the law.
Exploring the mechanism of action of <i>Tripterygium wilfordii</i> Hook F in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Luo Feng , Yuan Xue-Mei , Xiong Hong , Huang Cong , Chen Chang-Ming , Ma Wu-Kai , Yao Xue-Ming 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: To determine the mechanism of action of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.
Methods: The active constituents and targets of TwHF were screened by searching the TCMSP, TCMIP, PharmMapper database, and BATMAN-TCM platform combined with oral bioavailability and drug-like analysis. The drug-component-target maps were drawn using the UniProt database and Cytoscape 3.9.0 software. The drug-target maps were searched in GeneCards, OMIM, TTD, PharmGKB, and DrugBank databases to obtain the predicted targets of RA, Venn diagrams were drawn to derive the common targets of TwHF components and RA and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, GO enrichment as well as KEGG pathway analyses were performed. The potential binding activities between the active constituents of TwHF and the targets were predicted using molecular docking.
Results: Seven active components and 131 potential targets were found for TwHF while RA had 4,917 related targets. However, TwHF and RA had 87 common targets. The target genes obtained from the PPI network include tumor necrosis factor (TNF), p53 tumor protein (TP53) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). The GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis yielded 336 results and 121 signal pathways, respectively.
Conclusion: Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F therapy for RA may be a multi-component, multi-target and multi-signal pathway biological process, which may regulate VEGFA, TNF, TP53 and other targets and also exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions amongst others. Future studies should determine the relationship of the identified targets in vivo to produce alternative treatments for RA.
Efficacy of calcitriol in the treatment of patients with renal osteodystrophy
Authors: Jiang Haitao , Tang Xiaoming , Zhang Cheng , Dai Jian , Lu Haiyuan 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and prognosis of calcitriol in patients with renal osteodystrophy (ROD).
Methods: 60 patients with ROD admitted to The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China between June 2020 and June 2021 were randomly grouped into control (n = 30) and study groups (n = 30). Patients in control group received routine management study group was treated with routine management plus calcitriol. The treatment duration was six months. Serological markers (parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (Pi)), renal function indices (blood creatinine (SCr), urea nitrogen (BUN), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)), as well as patients’ skeletal conditions of the spine, pelvis, and extremities were investigated. Additionally, postoperative complications and clinical efficacy were also evaluated.
Results: Study group showed significant improvement in serological markers compared to control group (p < 0.05). Also, study group had significantly reduced SCr, BUN, and ALP levels (p < 0.05) compared to control group. There was significantly reduced incidence of complications and better skeletal conditions in study group compared to control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Calcitriol effectively mitigates blood-bone mechanism dysfunction and reduces the occurrence of complications in patients with ROD. However, factors such as Scr, Hb, and blood pressure affect the clinical efficacy of calcitriol on renal bone disease by mechanisms that will be investigated in the future.
Effect of modified Buyang huanwu decoction on hemorheology, myocardial remodeling, serum soluble CD40 ligand and serum soluble P-selectin in patients with acute myocardial infarctionafter percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Li Juanxia , Meng Fanhua , Li Xiaoxu , Zheng Xingrui , Shi Hua , Li Xiaolong , Zhao Haijun 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: To investigate the effect of modified Buyang Huanwu decoction on hemorheology and myocardial remodeling in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after conventional percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and its relationship with serum levels of soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) and soluble P-selectin (sP-sel).
Methods: After PCI, 80 patients seen from February 2021 to February 2022 in Shijiazhuang Fourth Hospital, China with AMI were enrolled in the study. Subjects were assigned to study and control groups. Control group received standard conventional medical treatments, while study group received modified Buyang Huanwu decoction, in addition to the same standard treatment, orally twice a day (morning and night) for 3 months). The effect of modified Buyang Huanwu decoction was determined by comparing the post-treatment clinical outcomes and levels of hemorheology indices and myocardial remodeling-associated indices (myocardial injury markers) in both groups of patients.
Results: The clinical outcome in study group was significantly better, and the hemorheology indices were significantly improved when compared to control subjects (p < 0.05). Serum levels of myocardial injury markers (cardiac troponin (cTnI), cardiac markers (CRP), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)), and inflammatory markers (sCD40L and sP-sel) in study group were significantly decreased to varying degrees, relative to control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Modified Buyang Huanwu decoction reduces inflammatory marker levels, cardiac inflammatory response and myocardial remodeling, and improves the prognosis of AMI in patients after PCI. Therefore, it may be beneficial to develop other methods for treating acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention.
Efficacy and safety of combining ginkgolide diterpene glucosamine injection with dual antibodies in elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Wang Jiaqi , Tan Hong 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: To investigate the clinical effects and safety of ginkgo biloba diterpene lactone glucosamine injection, combined with dual antibiotic therapy for acute ischemic stroke in elderly individuals within a hyper thrombolytic time window.
Methods: 100 elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke at Changsha First Hospital, Changsha, China from March 2022 to March 2023 were randomly and equally assigned to study and control groups (50 patients each). Study group received aspirin and clopidogrel, while control group received ginkgo biloba diterpene lactone glucosamine injection along with dual antibodies. Clinical efficacy, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) score, cerebral hemodynamics, and safety were compared between the two groups.
Results: There was no significant difference in effective rate between the two groups (p > 0.05). However, following treatment, study group showed superior NIHSS and IADL scores compared to control group, with greater statistical significance as the disease progressed. Doppler ultrasound revealed that study group had smaller Pulsatility index (PI) values and larger mean cerebral artery blood flow velocity (Vm), and systolic value (Vs) compared to control group (p < 0.05). In study group, three adverse reactions were reported (gastrointestinal discomfort, abnormal liver/kidney function, and skin itching), whereas the control group experienced five adverse reactions (gastrointestinal discomfort, abnormal liver/kidney function, dizziness, and skin itching).
Conclusion: The combination of Ginkgo biloba diterpene lactone glucosamine injection and dual antibodies in elderly individuals with acute ischemic stroke within a super thrombolytic time window enhances intracerebral blood flow levels, effectively promotes neurological recovery, improves daily living abilities, and safety. Further research is needed to elucidate the exact pathways involved.
Efficacy of Kirin pill plus vitamin CE and coenzyme Q10 in the treatment of ovarian reserve hypofunction
Authors: Zheng Ling , Liu Kuo , Wang Yue , Mei Hui 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of Kirin pill plus vitamin CE and coenzyme Q10 in the treatment of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR).
Methods: 145 patients with ovarian reserve hypofunction hospitalized in Xiangyang Central Hospital, Xiangyang City, China from March 2019 to March 2022 were recruited and assigned randomly to receive either vitamin CE and coenzyme Q10 (control group), or vitamin CE and coenzyme Q10 plus Kirin pills (study group). The parameters/indices determined include menstrual recovery, clinical efficacy, sex hormone and serum anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels, changes in the number of ovarian sinus follicles, and levels of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell.
Results: There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) observed among baseline data, pre-treatment sex hormones, serum AMH, ovarian antral follicle count, CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cell levels. After the intervention, administration of the Kirin pill resulted in significantly lower serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and FSH/luteinizing hormone (LH), elevated AMH levels, and better LH and estradiol (E2) levels in patients compared to the administration of vitamin CE and coenzyme Q10 (control group). The study group also showed superior ovarian reserve function and more ovarian basal sinus follicles than the control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Kirin pill plus vitamin CE and coenzyme Q10 treatment regimen optimizes the ovarian reserve function of patients with DOR infertility by improving basal sex hormones, menstrual cycle and menstrual volume, AMH and ovarian basal sinus follicle count. Further clinical trials are required prior to application in clinical practice.
Effect of target-controlled infusion of remifentanil in combination with propofol on anesthesia and endotracheal intubation response in patients undergoing surgical aneurysm clipping
Authors: Yang Shijie , Wu Yaqin , Chen Jingli , Li Shenghua 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: To investigate the effect of target-controlled infusion of remifentanil in combination with propofol on anesthesia and endotracheal intubation response in patients undergoing surgical aneurysm clipping.
Methods: The clinical data of 106 patients undergoing surgical aneurysm clipping at the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan City, China from September 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Subjects in control group were given fentanyl intravenous infusion anesthesia while study group was treated with target-controlled infusion anesthesia of remifentanil combined with propofol. Hemodynamics and blood-gas indices were evaluated before anesthesia (T1), immediately after endotracheal intubation (T2) and at extubation (T3). The incidence of anesthesia-related complications was determined.
Results: In study group, the agitation score was decreased compared to that of control group, while the Ramsay sedation score was increased (p < 0.05). The incidence of cough during endotracheal catheter indwelling and extubation was 7. 27 % in study group, which was less than 21. 57 % in control group (p < 0.05). The cough score of study group was also reduced (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the SpO2 and PetCO2 values between the two groups at different times (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the mean arterial pressure at T2 and T3 was upregulated and heart rate (HR) was downregulated in study group (p < 0.05). Recovery time of spontaneous respiration, time of eye-opening and extubation in study group were decreased compared to control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Target-controlled infusion of remifentanil in combination with propofol improves anesthetic effect in patients undergoing surgical aneurysm clipping, reduces tracheal intubation reaction, maintains hemodynamic stability and improves recovery quality of patients. Future study will be required to evaluate the efficacy and optimal effective concentration in a diverse population.
An Overview of Mechanical Engineering and its Latest Technologies
Authors: S. Rajkumar  , B. Vijayalaxmi  , D. Srinivas  , B. Praveen  , M. Neel Kamal  
Published: March 2024

Mechanical Engineering plays a significant role in the advancement of cutting-edge technologies. Whether it is development in the field of nanotechnology, biomedical Engineering or renewable energy, Mechanical Engineers are at the forefront of innovation. Their ability to apply principles of physics and mathematics to solve complex problems make them indispensable in pushing the boundaries of technology and driving progress in various industries. Mechanical Engineering also contributes to economic growth and development. By designing efficient manufacturing processes and creating cost-effective solutions, Mechanical Engineers help businesses improve productivity and competitiveness. They contribute to job creation, as their skills are in demand across a wide range of industries. Mechanical Engineering has a strong focus on problem solving and critical thinking. The ability to analyze and solve complex problems is highly valued in today's dynamic and rapidly evolving world. Mechanical Engineers are trained to think analytically, work with precision and consider multiple factors when designing solutions. Their skill set is not only applicable to Mechanical systems but can be transferred to other disciplines as well. Mechanical Engineering is a field that has evolved and transformed over centuries, shaping the world we live in today. From the earliest machines and inventions to the sophisticated technologies used in modern industries, Mechanical Engineering has played a pivotal role in shaping our society. This paper explores the rich history of Mechanical Engineering, highlighting key milestones, innovations and latest technologies that have propelled the field forward.
Integration of Spirituality, Values and Ethics in Leadership Practice and Theory in Egypt
Authors: Ahmed Abubakar 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the integration of spirituality, values, and ethics in leadership practice and theory.
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: Integration of spirituality, values, and ethics in leadership practice and theory in Egypt shows a strong emphasis on Islamic principles and teachings. Leaders often draw upon religious values to guide their decision-making and ethical behavior. This integration fosters a sense of moral responsibility and accountability among leaders, promoting ethical leadership practices. However, there is also a need for a balance between religious principles and modern leadership theories to ensure inclusive and effective leadership.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social network theory, Graph theory & Complex systems theory may be used to anchor future studies on the integration of spirituality, values, and ethics in leadership practice and theory. Design and implement leadership development programs that explicitly incorporate components related to spirituality, values, and ethics. Advocate for the implementation of policies and regulations that institutionalize ethical standards within organizations and industries.
The Load-Bearing System from the Perspective of Sustainable Building
Authors: Hassan Osama A. B. , Rezaei Hamid 
Published: March 2024

The building sector has a great potential to achieve goals for sustainable development by promoting environmental quality, economic effectiveness, and social improvement. One aspect that can possibly be considered in this context is the design of the building structure. The purpose of this case study is to investigate how the choice of a load-bearing system of building can affect the amount of concrete and steel reinforcement used in the foundation and its impact on the economy and environment. An alternative structural system of an existing building is proposed. The load-bearing frame walls and spread concrete foundations under walls are replaced by load-bearing timber columns that are placed on separate concrete footing pads. The results show that the amount of concrete and steel in the proposed system have considerably been decreased compared to the reference building. Consequently, this results in minimizing the construction costs as well as the resulting emissions of carbon dioxide into the environment. This case study reviews practical engineering design aspects that can be used by structural and construction engineers to help achieve sustainability goals of the built environment.

Received: 10 September 2023 | Revised: 23 February 2024 | Accepted: 8 March 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing not applicable – no new data generated.

Author Contribution Statement
Osama A. B. Hassan: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration. Hamid Rezaei: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization.
THE TRANSFORMATIONS IN THINKING - POLICY - ECONOMIC LIFE IN VIETNAM DURING THE PERIOD OF RENOVATION (1986-2022)
Authors: Pham Nguyen Phuong , Pham Thi Luong Dieu 
Published: March 2024

After 35 years of implementing the Renovation policy in Vietnam (1986-2022), the country has achieved a "socialist-oriented market economy that continues to develop; improved growth quality...". This success can be attributed to significant shifts in economic mindset, positive changes in economic policies, and subsequent advancement in economic livelihood. Objective: Evaluate the transformation of economic mindset, policy changes, and economic livelihood during the 35-year implementation of the Renovation policy in Vietnam. Motivation: Affirm the success of the Renovation policy in shaping the Party's economic leadership mindset and its influential role in Vietnam. Methodology: Three-part structure: historical description, evaluation, and conclusion. Research methods include historical analysis, logical reasoning, statistical analysis, and comparison.