bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A spatial classification applied to convectional reaction-diffusion boundary problems basing on a geometrical polymorphism of biological objects
Authors: Nartsissov Y. R. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Convectional reaction-diffusion is a common physical process which forms a background for existence of all biological objects. Along with the fluid flows it provides a supplying/removing of chemical compounds in a living system. In mathematical modelling PDE border problems are usually used for decryption of such kind phenomena. In the present study the classification of mathematical problems is developed on the base of the general geometrical properties of the considering living objects. Moreover, the uniform/non-uniform and the homogenic/non-homogenic structure of the boundaries and the internal area are taken into consideration. The type of classified models is determined by the structure of both an outer boundary and the inner space of the contemplated objects (i.e. their homogeneity/heterogeneity, H/H Classification). Furthermore, several dimensionless metrics are also introduced to estimate geometrical features influence the spatial-time distributions of chemical compound concentrations. The proposed classification can be applied to any kind of biological systems to consider a spatial polymorphism and its influence on the metabolic gradients.
Predicting the Type of Narrow Bipolar Pulse: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Thabrew K.A.S. , Vayanganie A. , Fernando M. , Gunasekara L. , Abeywardhana R. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Narrow Bipolar Pulses (NBP) depicts the electric field (E-Field) changes due to a Compact Intra-cloud Discharge (CID) and are of two types namely Positive NBP (PNBP) and Negative NBP (NNBP). In this study, 437 NBPs were statistically investigated using a dataset collected in Sri Lanka in 2013, 2015, 2016 and 2017. Seven independent variables (Pulse Duration (PD), Rise Time (RT), Slow Front Duration (SFD), Zero Crossing Time (ZCT), Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) and Ratio between the Initial and Overshoot Peak Amplitudes (RIOPA)) and one dependent variable (Type of NBP) were analyzed. Two machine learning classification models, the Random Forest (RF) model and the Binary Logistic Regression (BLR) model, were used to predict the dependent variable based on the independent variables. Two models were compared in terms accuracy (ACC), sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), AUC (Area Under the Curve)-ROC (Receiver Operator Characteristic) curve and kappa statistic. RF model scored the highest in terms of ACC (0.91), specificity (0.94), Kappa statistics (0.82) and AUC (0.98). In conclusion, RF model had the best performance in predicting the type of NBP hence can be used as a suitable automated method to classify the type of NBP.
Optimizing gas production with innovative approach to evaporative halite precipitation and liquid loading management
Authors: Al Siyabi R , Ganat T , Al-Hadrami H 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The article discusses two issues that affect the productivity of gas wells: halite precipitation and liquid loading. Halite precipitation occurs when salt crystals form in the well, while liquid loading happens when liquids build up in the well, reducing gas production. Accurate prediction of these issues is essential to mitigate them effectively. While liquid loading can be managing by reducing the size of tubing, halite precipitation is more challenging to predict and manage. The existing approaches have not sufficiently validated, and the current halite management measures are not cost-effective. The article reports on a study that aims to develop a model using halite envelope to predict the onset of halite precipitation in a gas field in Oman. The study simulated halite envelopes for thirty different gas wells known to have experienced halite precipitation problems. The results showed that there is significant variation in the size and shape of halite envelopes in different wells, making it infeasible to construct a single envelope for the entire field. However, grouping halite envelopes based on inflow resistance and constructing a model for each group proved to be a powerful tool for halite prediction. The study also investigated the use of velocity string (VS) technology as a new approach to managing halite precipitation. The study simulated halite envelopes for a few wells with different sizes of VS installed, estimating the timing of halite precipitation reoccurrence. The results showed that the effectiveness of VS as a halite remedial technique depends mainly on the rock quality and the time of installation. Additionally, the study assessed the impact of installing VS on liquid loading and the synergy between halite management and de-liquefaction by using VS. The results showed that the synergy between halite management and de-liquefaction using VS depends mainly on rock quality and the size of the installed VS.
On the τ-p Transform and Seismic Data
Authors: Hjouj Fawaz 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this work, an improved algebraic reconstruction for Radon transform of seismic type is proposed. Namely, the τ-p transform. The discrete formulations of this reconstruction problem are accomplished via the standard square function on the 2-D region [0,1]×[0,1], since its transform is known exactly. The interior-point algorithm approach with some MATLAB optimization functions is used for solving the system and recovering the image. The new algorithm produces accurate reconstructed images and is suitable for the case of limitation on the number of available projections.
Role of shift constant in Energy Shifted SAV for Hamiltonian Systems
Authors: Zama F , Ducceschi M , Bilbao S 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In recent years, considerable work has been devoted to the design of energy-stable numerical methods, a class of geometrical integration technique in which the discrete energy or pseudo-energy remains conserved. This property finds practical applications in systems for which the energy is bounded from below since the growth of the solutions is then itself bounded, yielding a form of stability. Such a property may be further exploited to transform the energy overall into a quadratic form, representing the core of recent numerical techniques such as the invariant energy quadratization (IEQ) and the scalar auxiliary variable (SAV) approaches. These methods have been applied to a large class of problems due to their remarkable efficiency. Yet, several aspects of such techniques have seen little investigation. In this work, the role of the “shift” constant in the expression of the potential energy in Hamiltonian systems is investigated. This is a positive gauge constant that may be used to augment the expression of the energy. Since Hamilton’s equations are given in terms of gradients of the Hamiltonian, such a constant has no influence on the resulting dynamics in the continuous system. However, empirical evidence has suggested that the convergence properties of the associated SAV approaches are affected by the magnitude of the shift factor. In this work, the behaviour of the relative global error of SAV schemes in the cases of the harmonic and Duffing oscillators is numerically investigated. The results reveal an optimal shift factor that increases the convergence rate. Using the optimal shift factor, the proposed method displays variable order accuracy ranging from second to twelfth order.
Structure Preserving Schemes for Coupled Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation
Authors: Akkoyunlu Canan , Şaylan Pelin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The numerical solution of CNLS equations are studied for periodic wave solutions. We use the first order partitioned average vector field method, the second order partitioned average vector field composition method and plus method. The nonlinear implicit schemes preserve the energy and the momentum. The results show that the methods are successful to get approximation.
Magnetoconductance from spin-charge inter-conversion in two-terminal molecular nanojunctions with strong spin-orbit coupling electrodes.
Authors: Dednam W. , Lombardi E. B. , Zotti Linda A. , García-Blázquez M. A. , Palacios J. J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Spin-charge inter-conversion mediated by spin-orbit coupling can lead to finite magnetoconductance in two-terminal molecular nanojunctions under non-equilibrium conditions. Here, we demonstrate how such a finite magnetoconductance can emerge in model two-terminal molecular nanojunctions by means of density functional theory based transport calculations with spin-orbit coupling in a first-order perturbation approximation. The junctions are built from the two chiral partners of an idealized helical molecule and tungsten or gold electrodes with two layers of magnetic nickel at the interface of the drain electrodes. Using Au source electrodes and a low applied bias of 0.1 V, we find percentage relative magnetoconductance values in excess of the lower bound reported in recent low-temperature, low-bias, experiments. The left-handed molecule is seen to exhibit greater magnetoconductance than its right-handed chiral partner for both Au and W source electrodes, thus demonstrating that our calculations can also exhibit enantioselectivity.
Method SPH for numerical solution of filtering problems: including capillary forces in fluid flow simulation
Authors: Bashurov V , Zhigalov V 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the theory of filtration within porous media, focusing on multicomponent mixtures’ dynamics and their numerical modeling. Key equations governing filtration, including Darcy’s law and mass conservation, are introduced. The concept of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is presented as a powerful numerical technique for approximating these equations. SPH’s integral interpolation approach accommodates complex fluid-solid interactions and is applied to one-dimensional and two-dimensional test cases. Results demonstrate SPH’s effectiveness in capturing intricate dynamics and aligning with traditional methodologies. This study contributes to understanding fluid dynamics in porous media and underscores SPH’s potential for accurate simulations in diverse applications, from hydrocarbon reservoirs to environmental systems. The first section in your paper.
A Finite Element Approach for Forearm Neuromodulation: Impact of Electrode Size on the Current Density
Authors: Salkim Enver 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Electrical impedance myography is a transcutaneous neuromodulation method for assessing muscle conditions through the application of a high-frequency, low-intensity current to the muscle region of interest (ROI). It has been shown that the mechanisms underpinning these findings are controversial as studies showed that the current reaching the target structure may not be enough to activate tissue due to various factors. It has been shown that anatomical properties as well as non-anatomical factors including electrode shape and size, inter-electrode distance may affect the outcome. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of the different sizes of the electrodes on the current density of the ROI. It may not be feasible to investigate these parameters impact on the outcome using experimental procedures. Alternatively, the computational methos have been used as a tool to study electrical stimulation of bio-computational models. The neuromodulators can be designed and developed using such advanced methods. This study investigates the impact of the electrode size on the current distributions. The fundamental anatomical layers of the human forearm were generated based on standard dimensions using concentric shapes. A sinusoidal bipolar current pulse was applied on the different sizes of electrodes to simulate current distribution within the associated anatomical layers. It was shown that the electrode size has a significant impact on the induced current density of the target anatomical layer.
Overcoming challenges in deep inspect of vpn and proxy by deep learning
Authors: Radchenko V D , Alekseenko A , Rusnak A , Fomin S I 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The rapid growth of proxying and VPN techniques has presented formidable challenges for internet operators in classifying network traffic. These methods not only hinder effective traffic policing and resource restriction but also introduce complexities by allowing VPNs to masquerade under application protocols. Furthermore, the increasing popularity of applications like Voice over IP (VoIP) and peer-to-peer (P2P) technologies further exacerbates the difficulty in controlling and classifying such traffic. Conventional techniques like Server Name Indication (SNI) analysis are witnessing diminishing effectiveness over time. Network providers now face the critical task of acquiring detailed knowledge about the specific applications and protocols utilised by their customers, enabling them to accurately allocate resources and ensure robust traffic management in this challenging landscape.
Conscious Model of Particle Physics: The Grand Theory Unifying Local and Non-Local Realities
Authors: Samarawickrama Mahendra 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The randomness in quantum mechanics is due to missing consciousness. By introducing consciousness, the complex dynamics in reality become causal, deterministic and unpredictable but not random. The reality behaves in a way the awareness is preserved, which causes the integrity of the experience. This behaviour complies with the Principle of Least Action. We introduce the consciousness particle aka primion to the Standard Model of particle physics to explore the implication of consciousness on reality. As per the Conscious Model of particle physics, quantum entanglement shares parameters in consciousness, adhering to non-local reality. An observation collapses of entangled wave function violates the integrity in consciousness and transforms the non-local reality to local. By incorporating consciousness, it is possible to understand reality as causal and deterministic, yet unpredictable but not random. The Conscious Model of particle physics unifies causation, relativity, and quantum mechanics and establishes a grand theory of understanding reality. Further, this research established that consciousness is an independent fundamental dimension that preserves integrity in awareness of non-local reality. This new dimension facilitates quantum entanglement to establish non-local awareness beyond the experience of five sensors or materialism. The wisdom of non-local awareness is beyond the imagination, the experience of five sensors, computation or analysis. It exists at the non-local consciousness dimension rather than our experiences, perceptions and knowledge in local space-time dimensions. Similar to our five sensors (touch, sight, hearing, smell and taste), which are developed to observe and measure local reality in space-time, the Mind emerges to be aware of both local and non-local realities through consciousness.
Effect on a QKD Chain Going Through a Generic Pauli Channel Together with a Correction Based on the 3-qubit Code
Authors: Morales-Alvarado Carlos , Raúl Morazán-Luz José , Navarro-Carrillo María , Pabon-Barbery Mateo , Delgado Francisco 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Quantum cryptography is an emergent area in quantum technologies to set secure communication. BB84 protocol is a procedure to exchange a secure key to encode communication in the form of a chain of quantum bits. In this work, we model the non-ideal transmission of such a key through a parametric family of noisy channels: Pauli channels (including Bit-flipping and Dephasing noises). Assuming that Quantum Key Distribution is performed under such protocol, we analyse the fidelity of the transmission and the probability distribution for the imperfect outcomes. The analysis also includes the application of the quantum error correction algorithm: the 3-qubit code. Finally, we add the presence of an eavesdropper getting his conditional success rate to become unnoticed. The agreement in the basis selection between the transmitter and receiver is assumed as under a tentative reconciliation procedure. Outcomes show just positive effects on the transmission between sender and receiver, but a mild improvement for the success probability for the eavesdropper.
Numerical simulation of water jet load induced by spherical bubble collapse under underwater explosion
Authors: Yu J , Zhang X P , Sheng Z X , Hao Y , Shen C , Chen J P , Zhang J 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this study, a numerical method combining the HLLC solver and FV-WENO scheme is proposed to accurately simulate the behavior of multiphase compressible fluids and investigate the formation process of water jets. The HLLC solver approximates the conservation equations of the fluid by using numerical fluxes from the approximate Riemann problem, while the FV-WENO scheme improves the accuracy of the numerical solution by employing the weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) reconstruction method. The combination of these methods allows for a more accurate simulation of the behavior of multiphase compressible fluids, leading to an accurate depiction of the formation process of water jets. By simulating the interaction between underwater shock waves from explosions and single or multiple spherical bubbles, we study the generation, development, and collapse of water jets during the bubble collapse process. By revealing the characteristics of the load during the formation of water jets and the interaction mechanisms between bubbles, our study provides support for further research on water jet phenomena. The formation process of water jets is of great significance for understanding the propagation of underwater shock waves and structural damage. Through this study, we delve into the mechanism of water jet formation, providing a new perspective on the propagation of underwater shock waves and structural damage. Our research results demonstrate that the application of the HLLC solver and FVWENO scheme in water jet simulation effectively improves the accuracy and precision of the numerical solution.
Boltzmann Equation and Knudsen Group - Boundary Shape and Boundary Conditions
Authors: Löbus Jörg-Uwe 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A Boltzmann type equation is considered where both, the physical and the velocity space, are bounded. It is assumed that the boundary conditions consist of a reflective as well as a diffusive component. Existence of positive bounds from below and above has been proved. It has been demonstrated that under conditions on the shape of the boundary, the underlying Knudsen type transport semigroup can be embedded in a not necessarily positive group for time t ∈ ℝ. As a consequence, the Boltzmann type equation considered has a unique global solution for time t ∈ [τ
0, ∞) for some τ
0 < 0. The time τ
0 does not depend on the initial value at time 0. It can be arbitrarily small depending on the intensity of the collisions.
On the relationship between the intensity of zero-point fluctuations of an electromagnetic field (ZPFs) and the magnitude of an elementary electric charge
Authors: Koltsov Vladimir V 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The consequences of the idea of stimulation of spontaneous emission of photons and scattering of particles in quantum electrodynamics by zero-point fluctuations of an electromagnetic field (ZPFs) are considered. It is shown that this idea leads to a connection between the magnitude of the elementary electric charge and the intensity of the ZPFs, leads to the idea of the stochastic nature of the electromagnetic interaction in time, and due to this, to the possibility of “classical” passage of particles through a potential barrier.
Life as the Explanation of the Measurement Problem
Authors: Łukaszyk Szymon 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study argues that a biological cell, a dissipative structure, is the smallest agent capable of processing quantum information through its triangulated, holographic sphere of perception, where this mechanism has been extended by natural evolution to endo and exosemiosis in multicellular organisms and further to the language of Homo sapiens. Thus, life explains the measurement problem of quantum theory within the framework of the holographic principle, emergent gravity, and emergent dimensionality. Each Planck triangle on a black hole surface corresponds to a qubit in an equal superposition, attaining known bounds on the products of its energies and orthogonalization interval. Black holes generate entropy variation shells through the solid-angle correspondence. The entropic work introduces the bounds on the number of active Planck triangles dependent on the information capacity of the black hole generator. The velocity and dissipativity bounds and the bounds on the theoretical probabilities for active, energy-carrying Planck triangles were derived. In particular, this study shows that black holes, Turing machines, and viruses cannot assume the role of an observer. The entropy variation shells and black-body objects may hint at solutions to ball lightning and sonoluminescence unexplained physical spherical phenomena.
“It is also possible that we learned that the principal problem is no longer the fight with the adversities of nature but the difficulty of understanding ourselves if we want to survive” [1].
Planckian effects on Ising model in an external electric field
Authors: Twagirayezu Fidele J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this article, we study Planckian effects on statistical thermodynamic properties of one dimensional polarized Ising model with an external electric field. We introduce Planckian effects by rewriting the Lagrangian of a static electromagnetic field in terms of deformed operators to obtain the corrected Lagrangian for a static electric field, and then deduce the corrected static electric field. Then we write down the corrected Ising model Hamiltonian in terms of the corrected static electric field. Corrected quantities such as the mean energy, Helmholtz free energy, and entropy are derived using the corrected Ising model Hamiltonian. Also, corrected quantities such as the polarization, dielectric constant, and polarizability tensor are derived. The expressions for the upper bounds of the deformation parameter α and the minimal length are written in terms of the dielectric constant. Using some experimental inputs we obtain the upper bound on the minimal length.
Quantum solution of the relationship between the 19-vertex model and the Jones polynomial
Authors: Kassenova T K 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The challenge is to create an efficient quantum algorithm for the bosonic model capable of calculating the Jones polynomials for a knot resulting from interweaving or interlacing n-vertices. This weave is the construction of braid group representations from nineteen-vertex model. We present eigenbases and eigenvalues for lattice generators and their usefulness for the direct computation of Jones polynomials. The calculation shows that the Temperley-Lieb operators can be used for any braid word. Therefore, we propose a quantum sequence using these singular operators as quantum gates operating on the state of n qubits. We show that quantum calculations give the Jones polynomial for achiral knots and links.