bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of an aptamer targeting hnRNP A1 by tissue slide‐based SELEX
Authors: Li Shaohua , Xu Hua , Ding Hongmei , Huang Yanping , Cao Xiaoxiao , Yang Guang , Li Jie , Xie Zhigang , Meng Yuhong , Li Xiaobing , Zhao Qiang , Shen Beifen , Shao Ningsheng 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe report a new in situ tissue slide‐based SELEX strategy targeting neoplastic tissues from breast cancer patients. The methodology, using the molecular differences between clinical specimens, can evolve aptamers to all fractions of tissue. The aptamers may be used as new molecular probes for pathological diagnosis and tumour imaging, and also to reveal the molecular differences that are responsible for the diseases. The specific aptamers were enriched by unequal length strand PCR employing a structured (−) strand primer. After 12 rounds of selection, using the paraffin tissue sections from infiltrating ductal carcinomas as targets, and using the adjacent normal tissue from the same case as controls, one of the enriched ssDNA aptamers, BC15, was selected from a nucleic acid library and characterized as recognizing breast cancer cells either within the tissue sections or from the culture medium, but only weakly binding to adjacent normal cells or immortalized breast cell line MCF10A. The calculated equilibrium dissociation constants (Kd) of BC15 bound to MCF7 cells was 111.0 ± 36.9 nM. Through streptavidin magnetic beads mediated affinity purification assay followed by mass spectrometry identification and western blot confirmation, the target of BC15 was characterized to be hnRNP A1, which was further verified to be specifically and highly expressed in cancerous tissues of breast by hnRNP A1 antibody immunostaining as well as western blot. BC15 aptamer was also used to probe cancer cells in tissues from other pathological types of breast cancers including lobular carcinoma, ductal carcinoma complicated with lobular carcinoma, comedo carcinoma, and lymph node metastasis of breast ductal carcinoma origin or breast lobular carcinoma origin. Therefore, tissue slide‐based SELEX holds promise in identifying tumour markers and developing specific molecular probes for cancer diagnosis. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative gender biases in models of personality disorder
Authors: Samuel Douglas B. , Widiger Thomas A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe potential of gender bias within the DSM personality disorders has long been a concern of scholars and clinicians. Over the past three decades, research findings utilizing the case vignette methodology have repeatedly indicated a gender bias within the histrionic diagnosis. The current study replicates these findings using a novel case vignette, but extends them to investigate the potential for gender biases within an alternative dimensional model of personality—the Five‐Factor Model (FFM). One hundred and forty‐one practicing clinicians rated either a male or a female version of a case vignette in terms of either the FFM or the personality disorders from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM‐IV‐TR). The results supported the concern of gender bias, with the female case less likely to be diagnosed as antisocial and the male case less likely to be diagnosed as histrionic. However, when the FFM conceptualizations of these two disorders were compared, no significant differences were noted. The results indicate that the FFM may be less prone to gender bias than the current DSM nomenclature. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spin‐decoherence effects on the pumped spin‐dependent transport through a quantum dot
Authors: Pan Hui , Li Zheng , Duan Su‐Qing , Chu Wei‐Dong , Zhang Wei 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe theoretically study the spin‐decoherence effects on the pumped spin‐polarized current through a quantum dot subject to a rotating magnetic field and coupled to two ferromagnetic electrodes. The dependence of the current on the magnetic moment orientation angle of the two leads is greatly influenced by the spin pump and the spin decoherence. The spin pump destroys the normal spin‐valve effects, and the spin decoherence makes the current exhibiting a quite complicated angle dependence. These distinct transport behaviors can be used as electrical schemes for detection of electron spin resonance and spin decoherence. Moreover, the current is closely related to the magnetic Rabi frequency and the detuning, in which the spin decoherence also plays an important role, and thus the pumped spin‐polarized current can be used as a sensitive tool to measure these pumping parameters. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Absorption spectroscopy and energy levels of rare earth impurity centres in Srx Ba1–xNb2O6 crystals
Authors: Demirbilek R. , Kutsenko A. B. , Pankrath R. , Kapphan S. E. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe absorption spectra of Ce3+, Nd3+, Eu3+, Tb3+, Er3+, Tm3+ and Yb3+ rare earth (RE) impurity ions incorporated in Srx Ba1–x Nb2O6 (SBN) crystals were studied in a wide spectral range from the visible to the mid‐infrared. On the basis of the analysis of the Ce3+ absorption line shapes and their polarization properties the conclusion was drawn about the incorporation of multiple Ce3+ centres mostly in the position A1 of the crystal lattice of SBN. From the observed temperature dependence of the Ce3+ absorption line broadening the electron coupling strength (160 cm–1) and effective phonon energy (300 cm–1) were determined. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
CdSe quantum dot in a ZnSe nanowire as an efficient source of single photons
Authors: Tribu A. , Sallen G. , Aichele T. , Bougerol C. , André R. , Poizat J. P. , Tatarenko S. , Kheng K. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe report on our development of fabrication of CdSe QD in ZnSe nanowire. We have been able to obtain high quality structures with very good optical properties. This has allowed us to measure photon emission from single quantum dots and to demonstrate photon antibunching. We show that this new type of II–VI quantum dot is very promising for high temperature operation. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Group III element substitution effects on Eu‐doped thiogallate phosphors
Authors: Kato Ariyuki , Ohno Katsuyoshi , Honda Tatsuya , Noguchi Hiroshi , Azlinda Nora 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPhotoluminescence properties of II‐III2S4:Eu (II=Ca, Sr, Ba; III=Ga, In, Y, La; Eu concentration was 1 mol%) have been investigated systematically. In Ga compounds, well‐known green∼yellow emissions are observed, while the emissions become very weak in In substituted compounds.In III=Y or La compounds, when II=Ca or Sr, red∼infrared emissons which seem to be due to phonon‐terminated transition of the Eu2+ ions are observed, while when II=Ba, strong sharp lines due to the Eu3+ions are detected. These spectral changes are discussed in terms of the effective ionic radii and the sulfur vacancies (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Capabilities of CdZnTe‐based Schottky diodes for detection of optical and X/γ‐ray radiation
Authors: Maslyanchuk O. L. , Kosyachenko L. A. , Gnatyuk V. A. , Aoki T. , Rarenko I. M. , Sklyarchuk V. M. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe electrical and photoelectric properties of Schottky diodes based on low‐resistivity (ρ = 103‐104 Ω·cm) and semi‐insulating (ρ ≈ 107 Ω·cm) Cd1‐xZnxTe (x = 0‐0.2) single crystals are investigated and use of the diodes as detectors, respectively, for optical and X‐ and γ‐ray radiation is analyzed. The charge transport properties of both types of Schottky diodes are shown to be governed by generation‐recombination in the space‐charge region in the frame of the Sah‐Noyce‐Shockley theory. The detection spectrum of Cd1–x Znx Te‐bassed X/γ‐ray detectors with Schottky diodes is studied. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Structure and optical properties of PbS‐SnS mixed crystal thin films
Authors: Unuchak D. M. , Bente K. , Kloess G. , Schmitz W. , Gremenok V. F. , Ivanov V. A. , Ukhov V. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThin films of lead tin sulphide PbSnS2 were deposited on glass substrates at 100 °C at vacuum pressure of 3×10–6 mbar using a thermal evaporation method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray characterization revealed that thin films were monophase and polycrystalline. The average particle size was approximately 28 nm. Absorption coefficient of PbSnS2 thin films (∼105 cm–1) was found from transmission optical spectroscopy measurements. Its fundamental absorption edge is shown to be 1.65 eV with direct allowed transition recommended for photovoltaic application. Thermoelectric measurements showed the materials to be p‐type in nature. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optical properties of CuAlS2 with small indium content
Authors: Shim YongGu , Hasegawa Kouji , Wakita Kazuki , Mamedov Nazim , Yamamoto Nobuyuki 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBulky CuAlS2 single crystals were grown by traveling‐heater method (THM) using indium solvent, and shown to have small indium content and represent solid solutions CuAl1–xInxS2 of CuAlS2‐CuInS2 system The composition with x = 0.24 has been studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry at room temperature. The principal components of dielectric function, ϵ⊥ (E⊥C) and ϵ∥ (E∥C), have been obtained in the spectral range 0.75‐6.0 eV. The critical point analysis has been performed and the optical transitions responsible for the observed critical points have been assigned by taking account of the available electronic band structures of CuAlS2 and CuInS2. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Anomalous dissolution of microindentation deformed zone of ITO/Si coated system
Authors: Grabco D. , Shikimaka O. , Harea E. , Gehm N. , Schimmel Th. , Koch Thomas 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe joint effect of a film and a substrate on the modification of the mechanical properties of an ITO/Si coated system (CS), a promising material for solar cells, and its response to an external load in comparison with the Si substrate were considered. An unusual combination of a pronounced crack formation and a plastic character of indenter–sample contact zone was revealed. This feature was accounted for a high brittleness of the Si substrate and the enhanced plasticity of the ITO film that improves the mechanical characteristics of the whole ITO/Si structure, which is useful for its operation. Another unexpected result, the anomalous etching (dissolution) of the ITO film near the indentations, was found out when the ITO/Si CS was subjected to an aggressive medium. A preferable dissolution of the ITO film was detected in the deformed zone near the indentation (Df), commensurable with the dimension of the substrate elastic/plastic dislocation free zone which was two or three times larger than the indentation diagonal (d) and approximately ten times larger than the dislocation rosette around indentation on the Si support. An assumption was made that the effect is basically determined by high internal stresses in this zone and, hence, by weaker atomic bonds as compared with the undeformed part of the material. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The Use of Sequence‐Derived QSPR Descriptors for Predicting Highly Connected Proteins (Hubs) in Protein–Protein Interactions
Authors: Byler Kendall , Hsing Michael , Cherkasov Artem 
Published: February 2009

AbstractProteins essential for the viability of cells have been shown to have a higher probability of having a large number of interactions with other cell components. Thus it has been suggested that, by identifying the most connected proteins, hubs, in Protein Interaction Networks (PINs), one may discover essential proteins that may be then isolated as prospective drug targets. Such an approach bears particular importance for the development of new drugs against emergent and drug‐resistant pathogens such as Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus 252 (MRSA).
The Effect of Molecular Fields, Lattice Spacing and Analysis Options on CoMFA Predictive Ability
Authors: Mittal Ruchi R. , McKinnon Ross A. , Sorich Michael J. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractComparative Molecular Field Analysis (CoMFA) is a popular Three‐Dimensional Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship (3D‐QSAR) method. The effect of varying molecular fields [CoMFA vs. Comparative Molecular Similarity Indices Analysis (CoMSIA)], lattice spacing and analysis options on predictive performance was assessed based on cross validated R2 values of 30 datasets taken from the literature. The CoMFA method results in statistically significantly higher cross validated R2 values compared to CoMSIA when only steric and electrostatic fields are used. When the hydrophobic molecular field is included in the CoMSIA analysis (as is most commonly the case) the difference between CoMFA and CoMSIA is no longer statistically significant. Addition of hydrogen bond field does not improve CoMFA predictivity. Although there was a trend towards increased predictivity with decreased lattice spacing, this was not statistically significant. Altering the default filtering criteria and cut‐off values for Lennard Jones and Coulomb fields also did not generally result in a statistically significant effect on predictive performance.
Analysis of impurities in streptomycin and dihydrostreptomycin by hydrophilic interaction chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole ion trap/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Kawano Shin‐ichi 
Published: February 2009

AbstractImpurities in streptomycin (STR) and dihydrostreptomycin (DHS) were investigated by hydrophilic interaction chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole ion trap/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (HILIC/ESI‐QIT/TOFMS). Samples were separated on a fused‐core silica column (100 mm × 2.1 mm i.d., particle size: 2.7 µm) with isocratic elution using 200 mM ammonium formate buffer (pH 4.5) and acetonitrile as mobile phase. Constant neutral loss survey in accurate mass measurement was carried out by QIT/TOFMS. Formulae, chemical structures of impurities in an STR sample were suggested with supporting results on the probable pathways of STR biosynthesis by Streptomyces griseus. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Elevated levels of hydroxylated phosphocholine lipids in the blood serum of breast cancer patients
Authors: Hammad Loubna A. , Wu Guangxiang , Saleh Marwa M. , Klouckova Iveta , Dobrolecki Lacey E. , Hickey Robert J. , Schnaper Lauren , Novotny Milos V. , Mechref Yehia 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe difference in serum phospholipid content between stage‐IV breast cancer patients and disease‐free individuals was studied by employing a combination of chemometric statistical analysis tools and mass spectrometry. Chloroform‐extracted serum samples were profiled for their lipid class composition and structure using precursor ion, neutral loss, and product ion tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) scanning experiments. Changes in the relative abundance of phospholipids in serum as a consequence of cancer progression, measured through electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry of flow‐injected serum samples collected from 25 disease‐free individuals and 50 patients diagnosed with stage‐IV breast cancer, were statistically evaluated using principal component analysis (PCA), analysis of variance (ANOVA) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Lipids whose abundance changed significantly as a consequence of cancer progression were structurally characterized using product ion spectra, and independently quantified using precursor ion scan experiments against an internal standard of known concentration. Phosphocholine lipids that displayed a statistically significant change as a consequence of cancer progression were found to contain an oxidized fatty acid moiety as determined by MS3 experiments. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electron ionisation mass spectral studies of bridgehead‐fused Δ2‐norbornanethiazolines
Authors: Martínez Antonio García , Vilar Enrique Teso , Jiménez Florencio Moreno , Martínez‐Ruiz Paloma , Vilaboa Ricardo Bernárdez 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe electron ionisation (EI) mass spectra of a series of bridgehead‐fused Δ2‐norbornanethiazolines, a new class of bridgehead‐norbornane derivatives, have been studied and their cleavage mechanisms rationalised on the basis of the substituent shifts as well as on the identification of relevant peaks through accurate mass measurements and collision‐induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometric experiments. The fragmentation patterns of isomeric pairs of 6,6‐ and 10,10‐dimethylnorbornanethiazolines are almost identical, probably due to an initial isomerisation of molecular ion previous to the fragmentation. In general, the dominant peaks in the spectra of all the studied compounds originate from initial α‐cleavages of C(5)–C(6) or C(1)–C(10) bonds, followed by concomitant homolytic cleavage of C(1)–C(9) and C(7)–C(10) bonds. The driving force for this fragmentation pathway, directed by the gem‐dimethyl group, is the formation of a highly stabilised thiazolilmethyl cation which constitutes the base peak in all the spectra and allows the identification of these interesting ligands. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study of active naphtodianthrone St John's Wort compounds by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance and multi‐stage mass spectrometry in sustained off‐resonance irradiation collision‐induced dissociation and infrared multiphoton dissociation modes
Authors: Hecka Audrey , Maunit Benoît , Aubriet Frédéric , Muller Jean‐François 
Published: February 2009

AbstractFive well‐known active naphtodianthrone constituents of Hypericum perforatum (St John's Wort) extracts have been investigated by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI‐FTICRMS) and ESI‐FTICRMSn. The studied compounds were hypericin, pseudohypericin, protohypericin, protopseudohypericin (biosynthetic precursors of the two former compounds, respectively) and isopseudohypericin (alkaline degradation product of pseudohypericin). Dissociation mass spectrometry measurements performed on the [M–H]− ion presented a variable efficiency as a function of the used activation mode. Sustained off‐resonance irradiation collision‐induced dissociation (SORI–CID) only led to a restricted number of fragment ions. In contrast, IRMPD ensured the detection of numerous product ions. Ions detected in ESI‐FTICRMS and ESI‐FTICRMSn experiments were measured with a very high mass accuracy (typically mass error is lower than 0.5 mDa at m/z close to 500) that allowed unambiguous formulae to be assigned to each signal observed in a mass spectrum. In spite of similar structures, specific fragmentation patterns were observed for the different compounds investigated. This study may be useful in the future to characterize in natural extracts these compounds (or derivatives of these compounds) by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) experiments by considering the MS/MS transitions highlighted in this paper. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rapid detection and characterization of reactive drug metabolitesin vitrousing several isotope‐labeled trapping agents and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Rousu Timo , Pelkonen Olavi , Tolonen Ari 
Published: February 2009

AbstractReactive metabolites are believed to be one of the main reasons for unexpected drug‐induced toxicity issues, by forming covalent adducts with cell proteins or DNA. Due to their high reactivity and short lifespan they are not directly detected by traditional analytical methods, but are most traditionally analyzed by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) after chemical trapping with nucleophilic agents such as glutathione. Here, a simple but very efficient assay was built up for screening reactive drug metabolites, utilizing stable isotope labeled glutathione, potassium cyanide and semicarbazide as trapping agents and highly sensitive ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/TOFMS) as an analytical tool. A group of twelve structurally different compounds was used as a test set, and a large number of trapped metabolites were detected for most of them, including many conjugates not reported previously. Glutathione‐trapped metabolites were detected for nine of the twelve test compounds, whereas cyanide‐trapped metabolites were found for eight and semicarbazide‐trapped for three test compounds. The high mass accuracy of TOFMS provided unambiguous identification of change in molecular formula by formation of a reactive metabolite. In addition, use of a mass defect filter was found to be a usable tool when mining the trapped conjugates from the acquired data. The approach was shown to provide superior detection sensitivity in comparison to traditional methods based on neutral loss or precursor ion scanning with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, and clearly more efficient detection and characterization of reactive drug metabolites with a simpler test setup. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Autonomous science for an ExoMars Rover–like mission
Authors: Woods Mark , Shaw Andy , Barnes Dave , Price Dave , Long Derek , Pullan Derek 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn common with other Mars exploration missions, human supervision of Europe's ExoMars Rover will be mostly indirect via orbital relay spacecraft and thus far from immediate. The gap between issuing commands and witnessing the results of the consequent rover actions will typically be on the order of several hours or even sols. In addition, it will not be possible to observe the external environment at the time of action execution. This lengthens the time required to carry out scientific exploration and limits the mission's ability to respond quickly to favorable science events. To increase potential science return for such missions, it will be necessary to deploy autonomous systems that include science target selection and active data acquisition. In this work, we have developed and integrated technologies that we explored in previous studies and used the resulting test bed to demonstrate an autonomous, opportunistic science concept on a representative robotic platform. In addition to progressing the system design approach and individual autonomy components, we have introduced a methodology for autonomous science assessment based on terrestrial field science practice. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Secure and practical key establishment for distributed sensor networks
Authors: Kotzanikolaou Panayiotis , Magkos Emmanouil , Vergados Dimitrios , Stefanidakis Michalis 
Published: February 2009

AbstractKey establishment in sensor networks is a challenging task, due to the physical constraints of sensor devices and their exposure to several threats. Existing protocols based on symmetric cryptography are very efficient but they are weak against several node impersonation and insider attacks. On the other hand, asymmetric protocols are resilient to such attacks but unfortunately, they are not feasible for sensor networks, even in their most efficient versions (e.g. the elliptic curve (EC) Diffie‐Hellman family of key agreement protocols). In this paper, we present two pairwise key establishment protocols for sensor nodes in unattended distributed sensor networks (DSNs). The first protocol is hybrid and it combines asymmetric (elliptic curve (EC)) cryptography with symmetric key techniques. The second protocol is fully asymmetric. Furthermore, through simulations, we measure the efficiency of the proposed protocols in comparison with existing hybrid protocols. Our results show that under conditions, it is feasible for highly sensitive applications of static sensor networks to employ partial or fully asymmetric key establishment techniques and thus extend their security properties. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.