bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulsed shortwave electromagnetic field therapy increases quality of life in canines with symptoms of osteoarthritics
Authors: Sprunks Tanya Ella , McLeod Kenneth J. , Staelin Richard 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundJoint stiffness, lameness and reduced activity levels are common inflammatory responses observed in canines and have significant impact on quality of life (QOL). The symptoms are often ascribed to osteoarthritis (OA), for which the standard treatment is systemic anti‐inflammatories, but pharmacologic intervention can have significant short‐term and long‐term side effects.ObjectivesTest the efficacy of a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐cleared pulsed shortwave therapy (PSWT) device as a means to modulate vagus nerve activity and initiate a systemic anti‐inflammatory response to determine its ability to improve functionality and the QOL of canines with inflammatory symptoms commonly associated with OA.MethodsA randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled 14‐day study of 60 dogs with a presumptive prior diagnosis of OA in at least one limb joint. Two outcomes assessing changes in the dog's QOL and functionality were measured: subjectively determined changes in eight behaviours associated with discomfort and objectively determined changes in passive range of motion (PROM). The device was secured near the cervico‐thoracic region of the dog's spine. PROM measures were taken at baseline and at the end of study. Behavioural measures were taken daily.ResultsForty‐nine animals completed the study. No negative side effects were reported. Average subjective discomfort scores for the treatment group (N = 26) were reduced from 3.74 to 2.10 (44%), compared to no improvement in the placebo group (N = 23) over the study period (p = 0.0001). Average PROM scores increased by 5.51 (4.59–6.23) degrees relative to the placebo group (p < 0.01). Ninety‐six per cent of the treatment group showed either increased PROM or improved behavioural changes or both, compared to 4% for the placebo group (p < 0.01). Most changes occurred within the first 8 days of treatment.ConclusionsPSWT applied at the level of the cervico‐thoracic spine to target the vagus nerve may have the potential to improve QOL in dogs manifesting behaviours commonly associated with OA.
Symmetries and selection rules: optimising axion haloscopes for Gravitational Wave searches
Authors: Domcke Valerie , Garcia-Cely Camilo , Lee Sung Mook , Rodd Nicholas L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the presence of electromagnetic fields, both axions and gravitational waves (GWs) induce oscillating magnetic fields: a potentially detectable fingerprint of their presence. We demonstrate that the response is largely dictated by the symmetries of the instruments used to search for it. Focussing on low mass axion haloscopes, we derive selection rules that determine the parametric sensitivity of different detector geometries to axions and GWs, and which further reveal how to optimise the experimental geometry to maximise both signals. The formalism allows us to forecast the optimal sensitivity to GWs in the range of 100 kHz to 100 MHz for instruments such as ABRACADABRA, BASE, ADMX SLIC, SHAFT, WISPLC, and DMRadio.
Fashioning esophagogastric anastomosis in robotic Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy: a multicenter experience
Authors: Milone Marco , Bianchi Paolo Pietro , Cianchi Fabio , Coratti Andrea , D’Amore Anna , De Manzoni Giovanni , De Pasqual Carlo Alberto , Formisano Giampaolo , Jovine Elio , Morelli Luca , Offi Mariafortuna , Peri Andrea , Pietrabissa Andrea , Staderini Fabio , Tribuzi Angela , Giacopuzzi Simone 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The aim of the present study is to compare outcomes of the robotic hand-sewn, linear- and circular-stapled techniques performed to create an intrathoracic esophagogastric anastomosis in patients who underwent Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy.

Methods
Patients who underwent a planned Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy were retrospectively analysed from prospectively maintained databases. Only patients who underwent a robotic thoracic approach with the creation of an intrathoracic esophagogastric anastomosis were included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups: hand-sewn-, circular stapled-, and linear-stapled anastomosis group. Demographic information and surgery-related data were extracted. The primary outcome was the rate of anastomotic leakages (AL) in the three groups. Moreover, the rate of grade A, B and C anastomotic leakage were evaluated. In addition, patients of each group were divided in subgroups according to the characteristics of anastomotic fashioning technique.

Results
Two hundred and thirty patients were enrolled in the study. No significant differences were found between the three groups about AL rate (p = 0.137). Considering the management of the AL for each of the three groups, no significant differences were found. Evaluating the correlation between AL rate and the characteristics of anastomotic fashioning technique, no significant differences were found.

Conclusions
No standardized anastomotic fashioning technique has yet been generally accepted. This study could be considered a call to perform ad hoc high-quality studies involving high-volume centers for upper gastrointestinal surgery to evaluate what is the most advantageous anastomotic technique.
Dysphagia Assessments as Criteria in the ‘Decision-Making Process’ for Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Placement in People with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kotsia Ermioni , Chroni Elizabeth , Alexandropoulou Anna , Mills Claire , Veltsista Dimitra , Kefalopoulou Zinovia Maria , Michou Emilia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo review the assessment methods of dysphagia as a criterion for the decision-making process for Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) placement in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Systematic review. A search was conducted in three databases (EMBASE, CINAHL, PUBMED) in December 2022 and updated in July 2023. Two reviewers independently screened, selected, and extracted data. Study quality was appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools. Systematic review registration number in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO): CRD42022385461. The searches identified 240 records. The 10 eligible studies included 2 case reports, 4 retrospective studies, 3 prospective studies, and 1 cohort observational study. Study quality was low, with most studies having moderate to high risk of bias. Dysphagia is a common criterion for decision-making. Dysphagia assessment is usually in the form of either self-reports, objective instrumental assessments, or both. Dysphagia is a common criterion for the decision-making process, yet is missing in clinical guidelines. Establishing the optimal means of dysphagia assessment is important for timely decision-making procedures, so that life-threatening consequences of dysphagia are minimized.
ORCA-EFCD consensus report on clinical recommendation for caries diagnosis. Paper I: caries lesion detection and depth assessment
Authors: Kühnisch Jan , Aps Johan KM , Splieth Christian , Lussi Adrian , Jablonski-Momeni Anahita , Mendes Fausto M. , Schmalz Gottfried , Fontana Margherita , Banerjee Avijit , Ricketts David , Schwendicke Falk , Douglas Gail , Campus Guglielmo , van der Veen Monique , Opdam Niek , Doméjean Sophie , Martignon Stefania , Neuhaus Klaus W. , Horner Keith , Huysmans Marie-Charlotte DNJM 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of the present consensus paper was to provide recommendations for clinical practice considering the use of visual examination, dental radiography and adjunct methods for primary caries detection.

Materials and methods
The executive councils of the European Organisation for Caries Research (ORCA) and the European Federation of Conservative Dentistry (EFCD) nominated ten experts each to join the expert panel. The steering committee formed three work groups that were asked to provide recommendations on (1) caries detection and diagnostic methods, (2) caries activity assessment and (3) forming individualised caries diagnoses. The experts responsible for “caries detection and diagnostic methods” searched and evaluated the relevant literature, drafted this manuscript and made provisional consensus recommendations. These recommendations were discussed and refined during the structured process in the whole work group. Finally, the agreement for each recommendation was determined using an anonymous Delphi survey.

Results
Recommendations (N = 8) were approved and agreed upon by the whole expert panel: visual examination (N = 3), dental radiography (N = 3) and additional diagnostic methods (N = 2). While the quality of evidence was found to be heterogeneous, all recommendations were agreed upon by the expert panel.

Conclusion
Visual examination is recommended as the first-choice method for the detection and assessment of caries lesions on accessible surfaces. Intraoral radiography, preferably bitewing, is recommended as an additional method. Adjunct, non-ionising radiation methods might also be useful in certain clinical situations.

Clinical relevance
The expert panel merged evidence from the scientific literature with practical considerations and provided recommendations for their use in daily dental practice.
How to trigger user’s willingness to participate in the metaverse? An exploration of the significant factors of the metaverse
Authors: Lu Hsi-Peng , Chang Yi-Chin , Chen Chiao-Shan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe issue of the metaverse has been widely discussed. The purpose of this research is to investigate users’ willingness to participate in the metaverse. This study used the self-efficacy theory and Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) to explore their willingness to attend the metaverse. Furthermore, the study explored how the basic concepts of the metaverse (Avatars, Decentralized Value Exchange, and Immersive Experience) influence the users’ attitudes (Presence in Second-Life, 3D Interactivity, and Play-to-Earn) toward and willingness with respect to participating in the metaverse. A total of 150 valid experts’ responses were collected through an online questionnaire and analyzed through structural equation modeling. The results revealed that Presence in Second-Life and Play-to-Earn significantly impact the respondents’ willingness to participate in the metaverse. Moreover, 3D Interactivity affected their participation to willingness through Presence in Second-Life and Play-to-Earn.
Estimation of BDS-2/3 phase observable-specific signal bias aided by double-differenced model: an exploration of fast BDS-2/3 real-time PPP
Authors: Shu Bao , Tian Yunqing , Qu Xuanyu , Li Pan , Wang Li , Huang Guanwen , Du Yuan , Zhang Qin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGNSS phase observable-specific signal bias (OSB) corrections are essential for widespread application of precise point positioning with ambiguity resolution (PPP-AR) or PPP-RTK. However, subject to the orbital error effects, conventional undifferenced (UD) model-derived BeiDou System (BDS) real-time (RT) OSB products are usually unsatisfactory. In this study, a novel OSB-generating method assisted by the double-differenced (DD) model is proposed. The reliable integer UD ambiguities are obtained by converting DD ambiguities with given ambiguity datums, by which the RT orbit error effects on ambiguity fixing can be reduced during the OSB extraction and PPP-AR process. Validated using data from two regional sparse GNSS reference networks in Shaanxi, China, and Europe, results show that the proposed method-derived OSB products can improve RT PPP-AR performance effectively. In the Shaanxi network, the narrow-lane ambiguity residuals for BDS-3 within ± 0.25 cycles are improved by 23.1% and 33.2% compared to those using the UD model and Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES)-derived OSB products, respectively, and the corresponding values are 15.2% and 43.1% in the European network. A centimeter- or even millimeter-level positioning accuracy can be achieved for BDS PPP using the poposed OSB products in both networks. In the kinematic PPP-AR test within the Shanxi network, the mean RMS of the BDS-2/3 fixed solutions in the east, north, and up directions is 0.9, 0.7, and 2.3 cm, with a decrease of 57.1%, 53.3%, and 46.5% compared to that using OSB derived by UD model. The median Time-To-First-Fix (TTFF) is also shortened from 23.8 to 7.5 min.
Wnt16 Increases Bone-to-Implant Contact in an Osteopenic Rat Model by Increasing Proliferation and Regulating the Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells
Authors: Berger Michael B. , Bosh Kyla , Deng Jingyao , Jacobs Thomas W. , Cohen D. Joshua , Boyan Barbara D. , Schwartz Zvi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOsseointegration is a complex biological cascade that regulates bone regeneration after implant placement. Implants possessing complex multiscale surface topographies augment this regenerative process through the regulation of bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) that are in contact with the implant surface. One pathway regulating osteoblastic differentiation is Wnt signaling, and upregulation of non-canonical Wnts increases differentiation of MSCs on these titanium substrates. Wnt16 is a non-canonical Wnt shown to regulate bone morphology in mouse models. This study evaluated the role of Wnt16 during surface-mediated osteoblastic differentiation of MSCs in vitro and osseointegration in vivo. MSCs were cultured on Ti substrates with different surface properties and non-canonical Wnt expression was determined. Subsequently, MSCs were cultured on Ti substrates +/−Wnt16 (100 ng/mL) and anti-Wnt16 antibodies (2 μg/mL). Wnt16 expression was increased in cells grown on microrough surfaces that were processed to be hydrophilic and have nanoscale roughness. However, treatment MSCs on these surfaces with exogenous rhWnt16b increased total DNA content and osteoprotegerin production, but reduced osteoblastic differentiation and production of local factors necessary for osteogenesis. Addition of anti-Wnt16 antibodies blocked the inhibitor effects of Wnt16. The response to Wnt16 was likely independent of other osteogenic pathways like Wnt11-Wnt5a signaling and semaphorin 3a signaling. We used an established rat model of cortical and trabecular femoral bone impairment following botox injections (2 injections of 8 units/leg each, starting and maintenance doses) to assess Wnt16 effects on whole bone morphology and implant osseointegration. Wnt16 injections did not alter whole bone morphology significantly (BV/TV, cortical thickness, restoration of trabecular bone) but were effective at increasing cortical bone-to-implant contact during impaired osseointegration in the botox model. The mechanical quality of the increased bone was not sufficient to rescue the deleterious effects of botox. Clinically, these results are important to understand the interaction of cortical and trabecular bone during implant integration. They suggest a role for Wnt16 in modulating bone remodeling by reducing osteoclastic activity. Targeted strategies to temporally regulate Wnt16 after implant placement could be used to improve osseointegration by increasing the net pool of osteoprogenitor cells.
The Homo Economicus as a Prototype of a Psychopath? A Conceptual Analysis and Implications for Business Research and Teaching
Authors: Fuchs Florian , Lingnau Volker 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSince the beginning of business research and teaching, the basic assumptions of the discipline have been intensely debated. One of these basic assumptions concerns the behavioral aspects of human beings, which are traditionally represented in the construct of homo economicus. These assumptions have been increasingly challenged in light of findings from social, ethnological, psychological, and ethical research. Some publications from an integrative perspective have suggested that homo economicus embodies to a high degree dark character traits, particularly related to the construct of psychopathy, representing individuals who are extremely self-centered and ruthless, without feelings of remorse or compassion. While a growing body of research notes such a similarity on a more or less anecdotal basis, this article aims to explore this connection from a more rigorous perspective, bridging insights from psychological, economic, and business research to better understand the potentially dark traits of homo economicus. The analysis shows that homo economicus is not simply some kind of psychopath, but specifically a so-called subclinical or Factor 1 psychopath, who is also referred to as a “corporate psychopath” in business research. With such an analysis, the paper adds an additional perspective and a deeper psychological level of understanding as to why homo economicus is often controversially debated. Based on these insights, several implications for academic research and teaching are discussed and reflected upon in light of an ethics of virtue and care.
A self-predictive diagnosis system of liver failure based on multilayer neural networks
Authors: Dashti Fatemeh , Ghaffari Ali , Seyfollahi Ali , Arasteh Bahman 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe lack of symptoms in the early stages of liver disease may cause wrong diagnosis of the disease by many doctors and endanger the health of patients. Therefore, earlier and more accurate diagnosis of liver problems is necessary for proper treatment and prevention of serious damage to this vital organ. We attempted to develop an intelligent system to detect liver failure using data mining and artificial neural networks (ANN), this approach considers all factors impacting patient identification and enhances the probability of success in diagnosing liver failure. We employ multilayer perceptron neural networks for diagnosing liver failure via a liver patient dataset (ILDP). The proposed approach using the backpropagation algorithm, improves the diagnosis rate, and predicts liver failure intelligently. The simulation and data analysis outputs revealed that the proposed method has 99.5% accuracy, 99.65% sensitivity, and 99.57% specificity, making it more accurate than Previous related methods.
Impact of healthcare-associated infections within 7-days of acute stroke on health outcomes and risk of care-dependency: a multi-centre registry-based cohort study
Authors: Fluck David , Fry Christopher H. , Robin Jonathan , Affley Brendan , Kakar Puneet , Sharma Pankaj , Han Thang S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHealthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) in patients admitted with acute conditions remain a major challenge to healthcare services. Here, we assessed the impact of HCAIs acquired within 7-days of acute stroke on indicators of care-quality outcomes and dependency. Data were prospectively collected (2014–2016) from the Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme for 3309 patients (mean age = 76.2 yr, SD = 13.5) admitted to four UK hyperacute stroke units (HASU). Associations between variables were assessed by multivariable logistic regression (odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals), adjusted for age, sex, co-morbidities, pre-stroke disability, swallow screening, stroke type and severity. Within 7-days of admission, urinary tract infection (UTI) and pneumonia occurred in 7.6% and 11.3% of patients. Female (UTI only), older age, underlying hypertension, atrial fibrillation, previous stroke, pre-stroke disability, intracranial haemorrhage, severe stroke, and delay in swallow screening (pneumonia only) were independent risk factors of UTI and pneumonia. Compared to patients without UTI or pneumonia, those with either or both of these HCAIs were more likely to have prolonged stay (> 14-days) on HASU: 5.1 (3.8–6.8); high risk of malnutrition: 3.6 (2.9–4.5); palliative care: 4.5 (3.4–6.1); in-hospital mortality: 4.8 (3.8–6.2); disability at discharge: 7.5 (5.9–9.7); activity of daily living support: 1.6 (1.2–2.2); and discharge to care-home: 2.3 (1.6–3.3). In conclusion, HCAIs acquired within 7-days of an acute stroke led to prolonged hospitalisation, adverse health consequences and risk of care-dependency. These findings provide valuable information for timely intervention to reduce HCAIs, and minimising subsequent adverse outcomes.
Cancer survivors’ experiences of a physical activity program in primary care: a qualitative study
Authors: Huizinga Famke , Kieboom Eleonora A. M. , de Greef Mathieu H. G. , Walenkamp Annemiek M. E. , Berendsen Annette J. , Berger Marjolein Y. , Brandenbarg Daan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to gain insight into the experiences of, and reasons for, cancer survivors participating in a primary care PA program.

Methods
We interviewed 17 patients from 11 Dutch GP practices. Patients were selected by purposive sampling based on their general practice, gender, educational level, motivation for PA, and change in PA. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and pseudonymized for inductive thematic analysis.

Results
Three domains were identified with five themes: institutional domain: GP practice; program-specific domain: content sessions and PA, and activity tracker and goal setting; individual domain: experienced benefits, and personalized care needs. Participants valued the PA program because it was offered close to home, without additional costs, and by a trusted practice nurse familiar with the patients’ medical background. Activity tracker use and goal setting motivated many participants but also led to demotivation and feelings of failure in others. Reported benefits included behavior change and favorable health outcomes. Many patients expressed the need to personalize psychological support and the program’s timing.

Conclusions
Access to a PA program in a primary care setting is valued for its accessibility and experienced health benefits, but also seems to meet an unmet need for support in picking up life during cancer recovery.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Primary care is important for continued care of cancer survivors. An accessible PA program in this setting may fulfil a need for not only lifestyle support but also continuing life after cancer treatment.
The Role of Laparoscopic Surgery in the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Steggerda Justin A. , Wisel Steven A. , Nissen Nicholas N. , Voidonikolas Georgios , Kosari Kambiz 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor and 6th most common cancer overall. This article reviews the role of laparoscopy in the multi-disciplinary management of HCC.

Recent Findings
Laparoscopic surgery involves multiple approaches for diagnosis and treatment of HCC, including intraoperative ultrasound and biopsy, as well as ablative strategies for tumors in difficult locations. In comparison to catheter-based therapies, hepatic resection offers similar survival with the benefit of direct visualization to identify additional tumors. Laparoscopic liver resections further show similar oncologic outcomes with reduced hospital length of stay and reduced morbidity compared to open approaches and may even be used to treat large tumors.

Summary
Laparoscopic surgery may be involved in the diagnosis, treatment, and resection of HCC. Laparoscopic hepatic resections are safe with equivalent oncologic outcomes and may offer advantages over catheter-based therapies in selected patients. Advances in robotic surgery have served to expand the potential for minimally invasive approaches in the surgical treatment of HCC.