bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EUS-Guided Cholecystoduodenostomy for a Poor Surgical Candidate With Chronic Octreotide-Associated Gallstones From Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumor
Authors: Leung Lawrence Jun , Hamerski Christopher , Karia Kunal , Gupta Suraj 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Chronic octreotide use has been associated with gallstone formation. Historically, cholecystectomy has been the defining treatment for those who have gallstone-related disease. For those who are poor surgical candidates, percutaneous and endoscopic approaches have been used. We describe the endoscopic management of a 74-year-old man with significant gallstone burden and associated sequelae because of chronic octreotide for metastatic neuroendocrine tumor through endoscopic ultrasound-guided cholecystoduodenostomy with gallstone extraction using lumen-apposing metal stents.
Pemanfaatan Serbuk Kaca Sebagai Peningkatan Waterproofing pada Bahan Tambah Cat
Authors: Haekal Fikri , Aqil	M.S. Ismail , Susanti Riza , Hartono Hartono 
Published: March 2024

In the construction of a project, walls account for approximately 20% - 40% of the total budget. Wall works are considered costly as they involve various tasks such as brick installation, plastering, rendering, and painting. Nowadays, the use of paint is widespread in line with the development of construction projects in Indonesia. Paint utilization has been extensively developed with various innovations, one of which is waterproofing paint that can protect surfaces from water or moisture. By adding a special ingredient to the paint to enhance its waterproofing properties, wall paint becomes more resistant to rain exposure over time. Therefore, the addition of glass powder to the paint mixture is needed to increase the waterproofing level because glass powder has nonporous characteristics, meaning it does not easily absorb or retain water. The objective of this research is to determine the water resistance of paint with the addition of glass powder at levels of 0%, 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, and 10% in each 1 kg paint sample. The most optimum paint formulation is achieved by adding a 10% glass powder content, resulting in water leakage test of 0 mL, adhesion test of 5A, water absorption of 6.587%, specific gravity of 2.092 g/mL, coverage of 5.553 m²/Kg, and drying time of 4 minutes. This study aims to contribute to the development of high waterproofing wall paint that is also environmentally friendly.
Gut microbiota are differentially correlated with blood pressure status in African American collegiate athletes: A pilot study
Authors: Hogue Taylor , Hampton‐Marcell Jarrad , Carroll Ian M. , Purdom Troy , Colleran Heather , Exford TJ , Brown Michael , Cook Marc D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHypertension (HTN) is common among athletes and the most recent epidemiologic data reports that cardiovascular (CV) sudden death is significantly greater in African Americans (AAs). Gut microbial dysbiosis (a poorly diverse stool microbial profile) has been associated with HTN in sedentary people but microbial characteristics of athletes with HTN are unknown. Our purpose was to differentiate microbiome characteristics associated with BP status in AA collegiate athletes. Thirty AA collegiate athletes were stratified by normal BP (systolic BP (SBP) ≤130 mmHg; n = 15) and HTN (SBP ≥130 mmHg; n = 15). 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on stool samples to identify microbes at the genus level. We did not observe any significant differences in alpha diversity, but beta diversity was different between groups. Principal coordinate analysis was significantly different (PERMANOVA, p < 0.05, R = 0.235) between groups. Spearman rank correlations showed a significant (p < 0.05) correlation between systolic BP and abundances for Adlercreutzia (R = 0.64), Coprococcus (R = 0.49), Granulicatella (R = 0.63), and Veillonella (R = 0.41). Gut microbial characteristics were associated with differentially abundant microbial genus' and BP status. These results will direct future studies to define the functions of these microbes associated with BP in athletes.
An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS)-based candidate reference measurement procedure for the quantification of carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide in human serum and plasma
Authors: Schierscher Tobias , Singh Neeraj , Kobel Anja , Wild Janik , Bauland Friederike , Geistanger Andrea , Risch Lorenz , Geletneky Christian , Seger Christoph , Taibon Judith 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
A reference measurement procedure (RMP) using isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated with the aim of accurately measuring carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide concentrations in human serum and plasma.

Methods
To establish traceability to SI units, the absolute content of the reference material was determined using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) spectroscopy. As sample preparation a protein precipitation protocol followed by a high dilution step was established. Chromatographic separation from carbamazepine and potential metabolites was achieved using a C18 stationary phase. Selectivity, specificity, matrix effects, precision and accuracy, inter-laboratory equivalence, and uncertainty of measurement were evaluated based on guidelines from the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, the International Conference on Harmonization, and the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement.

Results
The RMP demonstrated very good selectivity and specificity, showing no evidence of a matrix effect. This enabled accurate quantification of carbamazepine-epoxide in the concentration range of 0.0400–12.0 μg/mL. The intermediate precision was found to be less than 2.1 %, and the repeatability coefficient of variation (CV) ranged from 1.2 to 1.8 % across all concentration levels. Regarding accuracy, the relative mean bias varied from 1.4 to 2.5 % for native serum levels and from 1.4 to 3.5 % for Li-heparin plasma levels. The measurement uncertainty for single measurements ranged from 1.6 to 2.1 %.

Conclusions
In this study, we introduce a new LC-MS/MS-based candidate RMP for accurately measuring carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide in human serum and plasma. This novel method offers a traceable and dependable platform, making it suitable for standardizing routine assays and assessing clinically relevant samples.
Bounds for selection bias using outcome probabilities
Authors: Zetterstrom Stina 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Determining the causal relationship between exposure and outcome is the goal of many observational studies. However, the selection of subjects into the study population, either voluntary or involuntary, may result in estimates that suffer from selection bias. To assess the robustness of the estimates as well as the magnitude of the bias, bounds for the bias can be calculated. Previous bounds for selection bias often require the specification of unknown relative risks, which might be difficult to provide. Here, alternative bounds based on observed data and unknown outcome probabilities are proposed. These unknown probabilities may be easier to specify than unknown relative risks.

Methods
I derive alternative bounds from the definitions of the causal estimands using the potential outcomes framework, under specific assumptions. The bounds are expressed using observed data and unobserved outcome probabilities. The bounds are compared to previously reported bounds in a simulation study. Furthermore, a study of perinatal risk factors for type 1 diabetes is provided as a motivating example.

Results
I show that the proposed bounds are often informative when the exposure and outcome are sufficiently common, especially for the risk difference in the total population. It is also noted that the proposed bounds can be uninformative when the exposure and outcome are rare. Furthermore, it is noted that previously proposed assumption-free bounds are special cases of the new bounds when the sensitivity parameters are set to their most conservative values.

Conclusions
Depending on the data generating process and causal estimand of interest, the proposed bounds can be tighter or wider than the reference bounds. Importantly, in cases with sufficiently common outcome and exposure, the proposed bounds are often informative, especially for the risk difference in the total population. It is also noted that, in some cases, the new bounds can be wider than the reference bounds. However, the proposed bounds based on unobserved probabilities may in some cases be easier to specify than the reference bounds based on unknown relative risks.
Dry reforming of methane over Ni–Mg–Al and Ni–Ca–Al type hydrotalcite-like catalysts: effects of synthesis route and Ru incorporation
Authors: Topaloğlu Gülçin , Yaşyerli Sena , Doğu Gülşen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Ni-incorporated Mg–Al type hydrotalcite-like catalytic materials were synthesized following impregnation and co-precipitation routes, and their catalytic performances were compared in the dry-reforming reaction of methane. The effects of Ru impregnation on the catalytic performance of Ni-incorporated Mg–Al were also investigated. Results showed that the catalytic performance of the Ni-incorporated Mg–Al type catalyst (NiMgAlO), which was prepared by the co-precipitation route, was highly stable during dry-reforming reaction tests performed at 600 °C, extending up to 24 h. The fractional conversion of CO2 (0.42) was higher than the fractional conversion of CH4 (0.29) due to the contribution of the reverse water gas shift reaction. However, the contribution of the reverse water gas shift reaction to the product distribution was much less with the catalyst prepared following the impregnation route (Ni@MgAlO). This difference was shown to be mainly due to the state of the nickel in the catalyst structures. Ni-impregnated Ca–Al type hydrotalcite-like catalyst (Ni@CaAlO) was also synthesized and tested in dry reforming of methane. Results obtained with the Ni-impregnated Ca–Al type catalyst showed some changes in its structure and the formation of some CaCO3 during the dry reforming reaction. The comparison of the performances of Ni-impregnated Mg–Al and Ca–Al type catalysts showed a higher amount of coke on the surface of Ni@CaAlO than Ni@MgAlO. It was also concluded that significant coke minimization and highly stable catalytic performance could be achieved by the impregnation of 1 % Ru to the NiMgAlO catalyst. The amount of coke deposited on the catalyst decreased from about 30 % to less than 5 %, by Ru impregnation. The decrease of the surface area of the Ru-impregnated catalyst was also only about 3 % after 240 min of reaction time.
Surgical treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in children with chronic kidney disease. Experience in 19 patients
Authors: Gil Silvia Mercedes , Aziz Mariana , De Dona Valeria , Lopez Laura , Florencia Soto Maria , Ayarzabal Victor , Adragna Marta , Belgorosky Alicia , Ciaccio Marta , Viterbo Gisela 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHPT) is an important contributor to bone disease and cardiovascular calcifications in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). When conservative measures are ineffective, parathyroidectomy is indicated. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of subtotal parathyroidectomy (sPTX) in pediatric and adolescent patients, and to provide a rationale for considering this aggressive treatment in CKD patients with uncontrolled sHPT.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 19 pediatric CKD patients on dialysis with refractory sHPT who underwent sPTX at our institution between 2010 and 2020. All patients had clinical, radiological, and biochemical signs of renal osteodystrophy.

Results
One year after sPTX, parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (median and interquartile range (IQR)) dropped from 2073 (1339–2484) to 164 (93–252) pg/mL (p=0.0001), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels from 1166 (764–2373) to 410 (126–421) IU/L (p=0.002), and the mean (±SDS) calcium-phosphate (Ca*P) product from 51±11 to 41±13 mg2/dL2 (p=0.07). Postoperatively, all patients presented with severe hungry bone syndrome (HBS) and required intravenous and oral calcium and calcitriol supplementation. None of them had other postoperative complication. Histological findings had a good correlation with preoperative parathyroid ultrasound imaging (n: 15) in 100 % and with technetium-99m (99mTc) sestamibi scintigraphy (n: 15) in 86.6 %. Clinical and radiological signs of bone disease improved in all patients.

Conclusions
Pediatric sPTX is effective and safe to control sHPT and calcium-phosphate metabolism in children with CKD on dialysis and may mitigate irreversible bone deformities and progression of cardiovascular disease.
Introduction: the development of manner expressions into complementizers or quotatives
Authors: Gentens Caroline , Boye Kasper 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Through intriguing paths of change, manner expressions may give rise to both quotatives and a diverse range of complementizers. These paths of change are still far from mapped or fully understood, but after years of relative ignorance, they have recently been the subject of increased interest. In this paper, we introduce a special issue the aim of which is to add to the growing knowledge and understanding of the development of manner expressions into complementizers or quotatives. Centering our discussion on Saxena’s diachronic hypothesis from 1995, we first briefly go through a number of central studies of the issue. Subsequently, we summarize the main findings of the contributions to the special issue: (i) additional evidence of the development of manner expressions into complementizers or quotatives; (ii) an emphasis on the variation found in examples of this development; (iii) a number of developmental paths that do not conform to Saxena’s hypothesis (but also a couple that might be compatible with it). In the final part of the paper, we introduce each of the individual contributions to the special issue.
On the systematic position of the horseshoe bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Lesotho
Authors: Benda Petr , Uvizl Marek , Eiseb Seth J. , Avenant Nico L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The monophyletic Afro-Palaearctic clade of the horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus) comprises several species groups whose representatives can be morphologically similar to each other across groups. The only Rhinolophus species that occurs in Lesotho was traditionally attributed to the broadly distributed African desert- and savanna-dwelling bat, Rhinolophus clivosus, a member of the ferrumequinum group. In this study, we investigated the horseshoe bats from Lesotho with the help of molecular genetic and morphometric analyses to find their position within the group and the clade as well. The genetic analysis resulted in phylogenetic trees with two different topologies, although in both trees the Lesotho bats were a part of the fumigatus group instead of the ferrumequinum group. In the mitochondrial tree, the Lesotho bats were mixed with Rhinolophus damarensis. On the contrary, the Lesotho bats formed a single distinct lineage on the nuclear tree, closely related to Rhinolophus darlingi, R. fumigatus, and R. damarensis (in a single lineage each). These results indicate introgressions of mtDNA from the Lesotho bats to R. damarensis. Morphologically, the Lesotho bats grouped distinctly from other species of the fumigatus and ferrumequinum groups. We thus consider the Lesotho horseshoe bats to be a new separate species that is here described.
Infinitely many solutions for Schrödinger equations with Hardy potential and Berestycki-Lions conditions
Authors: Zhou Shan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this article, we investigate the following Schrödinger equation:

−
Δ
u
−

μ

∣
x
∣

2

u
=
g

(

u

)

in

R

N

,

-\Delta u-\frac{\mu }{{| x| }^{2}}u=g\left(u)\hspace{1em}{\rm{in}}\hspace{0.33em}{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N},

where

N
≥
3

N\ge 3

,

μ

∣
x
∣

2

\frac{\mu }{{| x| }^{2}}

is called the Hardy potential and

g

g

satisfies Berestycki-Lions conditions. If

0
<
μ
<

(

N
−
2

)

2

4

0\lt \mu \lt \frac{{\left(N-2)}^{2}}{4}

, we will take symmetric mountain pass approaches to prove the existence of infinitely many solutions of this problem.
Revitalizing Indigenous Knowledge Systems via Digital Media Technologies for Sustainability of Indigenous Languages
Authors: Ajani Yusuf Ayodeji , Oladokun Bolaji David , Olarongbe Shuaib Agboola , Amaechi Margaret Nkechi , Rabiu Nafisa , Bashorun Musediq Tunji 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Amidst globalization and the Fourth Industrial Revolution, indigenous language preservation and promotion gain paramount significance. These languages encapsulate rich cultural, historical, and ecological value, embodying unique knowledge systems and identities. Nevertheless, challenges stemming from historical, social, resource, and institutional constraints impede preservation, with digital media technology thus emerging as a pivotal tool in this endeavour. This paper meticulously explores the role of digital media technology in indigenous language preservation during the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Through a comprehensive review of reputable literature, including scholarly articles, case studies, and expert insights, the paper underscores the imperative of language preservation, delving into the obstacles hindering preservation efforts and spotlighting the pivotal role of digital media technology in rejuvenating indigenous languages. The paper also examines various digital tools and applications that facilitate preservation, emphasizing their accessibility and engagement, while also underscoring the importance of collaborative efforts involving indigenous communities, linguists, and technology experts. Ethical considerations, encompassing intellectual property rights and informed consent, are of paramount importance in indigenous language preservation, and thus this paper also consolidates insights derived from the findings and provides recommendations for effective preservation strategies, underlining the necessity of ethical guidelines and emphasizing the indispensable role of government support. The study concludes by addressing prospects and challenges in indigenous language preservation, providing a comprehensive view of safeguarding linguistic heritage in the digital age.
Research advancements on nerve guide conduits for nerve injury repair
Authors: Wang Shoushuai , Wen Xinggui , Fan Zheyuan , Ding Xiangdong , Wang Qianqian , Liu Zhongling , Yu Wei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is one of the most serious causes of disability and loss of work capacity of younger individuals. Although PNS has a certain degree of regeneration, there are still challenges like disordered growth, neuroma formation, and incomplete regeneration. Regarding the management of PNI, conventional methods such as surgery, pharmacotherapy, and rehabilitative therapy. Treatment strategies vary depending on the severity of the injury. While for the long nerve defect, autologous nerve grafting is commonly recognized as the preferred surgical approach. Nevertheless, due to lack of donor sources, neurological deficits and the low regeneration efficiency of grafted nerves, nerve guide conduits (NGCs) are recognized as a future promising technology in recent years. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current treatments for PNI, and discusses NGCs from different perspectives, such as material, design, fabrication process, and composite function.
Der lange Schatten der Standardisierung in Allianzen – technologische Pfadabhängigkeit, strategische Tiefe und globaler Rüstungsmarkt
Authors: Schütz Torben 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag vertritt die These, dass die von Allianzen während des Kalten Krieges veranlasste technische Standardisierung von Artilleriemunitionskalibern und die daraus resultierenden technologischen und industriellen Pfadabhängigkeiten auch auf dem heutigen globalen Rüstungsmarkt nachwirken und die strategische Tiefe der an großen Konflikten beteiligten Akteure mitbestimmen. Zentral ist dabei die Analyse globaler Standards, Arsenale und Rüstungsmarktbedingungen für Artilleriesysteme und Munition. Aufbauend auf bestehenden Konzeptualisierungen von strategischer Tiefe, Standardisierung und globalem Waffenhandel wird das Modell „Vertikale Standardisierung, horizontale Versorgung, erhöhte strategische Tiefe“ entwickelt, um die theoretischen Erwartungen für Artilleriesysteme und Munitionsstandardisierung zu beschreiben. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass in den weltweiten Artilleriearsenalen die Standardkaliber der NATO und des Warschauer Paktes dominieren. Schließlich macht der aktuelle Krieg in der Ukraine deutlich, dass die Ukraine durch den Zugang zum Weltmarkt in der Lage ist, ihre Streitkräfte weiterhin mit indirektem Artilleriefeuer zu unterstützen, und zwar weitgehend durch den Import von standardisierter Artilleriemunition – sowohl für NATO- als auch für Warschauer-Pakt-Kaliber. Diese internationale Lieferantenbasis ist somit ein integraler Bestandteil der strategischen Tiefe der Ukraine.
„Das klingt echt schwul“ – Eine soziophonetische Untersuchung zum stereotypen schwulen Sprechen im Deutschen
Authors: Vorberger Lars 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article examines stereotypical gay speaking using a performative and speaker-centered approach. For this, the default and staged gay ways of speaking of four speakers were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed and compared with each other, supplemented by a perception test. It is argued that stereotypical gay pronunciation can refer to a particular gay persona (i. e., an affected, diva-like extroverted gay man) by analysing which characteristics the speakers used in which way to construct this persona. The results show general usage patterns and the selective use of variants, more specifically an increase in (1) mean pitch, (2) vowel duration, (3) first and second formant of /ɛ/, and (4) intensity as well as de-/nasality and enhanced precision of articulation. The constructions of a persona occur locally, i. e., in a specific context and in combination with other linguistic features. Based on this study’s approach and results, this article contributes to previous studies on the connection between language and sexuality in German speakers.
Synthesis, structural characterization of supramolecular cocrystals of bis(3-hydroxy-1-methylpyridin-1-ium iodide)-18-crown-6
Authors: Vijayasri Mageswaran , Archana Natarajan , Balakrishnan Chellakarungu , Dhanalakshmi Mahalingapandian , Parthiban Shanmugasundaram 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A new supramolecular cocrystal of bis(3-hydroxy-1-methylpyridin-1-ium iodide)-18-crown-6 (I) has been synthesized successfully from 3-hydroxypyridine, methyl iodide and 18-crown-6 (18C6). The cocrystal was characterized by FT-IR, UV-DRS and PL spectroscopy, single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, SEM and EDS analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. The bulk phase purity of the compound is confirmed by powder XRD analysis, whereas single-crystal XRD confirms that it packs in a monoclinic system with centrosymmetric space group (P21/c). Single crystal XRD shows that the asymmetric unit is C6H12O3, [C6H8NO]+[I]¯. The presence of C–H⋯O, C–H⋯I and O–H⋯I intermolecular contacts helps to achieve crystal cohesion. The direct band gap energy has been estimated to be 3.21 eV using diffuse reflectance spectral measurements. Thermogravimetric analysis was employed to determine the compound’s thermal behaviour concerning temperature. EDS and SEM investigations were used to examine the elemental composition and surface morphology of the compound.