bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simple and Sequential Strategy for the Introduction of Complexity and Hierarchy in Hydrogen-bonded Organic Framework (HOF) Crystals for Environmental Applications
Authors: Fernández Antonio , Halliwell Chris , Jolley Kenny , Yendall Keith , Elsegood Mark R.J. , Parkinson Gary 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are a new class of crystalline porous organic molecular materials (POMMs) with great potential for a diverse range of applications. HOFs face common challenges to POMMs, and in general to purely organic crystals, that is, the difficulty of integrating complexity in crystals. Herein, we proposed a simple and sequential strategy for the formation of HOFs with hierarchical superstructures. The strategy is based on controlling the assembly conditions, avoiding the use of any surface functionalization or template, which allows to obtain hierarchical crystalline porous superstructures in an easy manner. As proof of concept, we obtained the first example of core-shell (HOF-on-HOF) crystals and HOFs with hierarchical superstructures having superhydrophobicity and trapping abilities for the capture of persistent water contaminants such as oils and microplastics. We expect that this strategy could serve as inspiration for the construction of more intricated multiscale structures that could greatly expand the library of HOFs materials.
Sustainable manufacture of a directly accessible liquid nitrogenous fertilizer
Authors: Zhang Bin , Han Shuhe , Yang Kaiwen , Li Tieliang , Huang Yanmei , Zhou Jin , Zhang Bao Shun , Zhu Jiewei , Yu Yifu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Nitrogen fertilizer, the most commonly used fertilizer, plays a significant role in agriculture. The conventional production and usage of solid nitrogenous fertilizers result in severe energy consumption and groundwater pollution. Here, we construct a plasma−driven nitrogen fixation and membrane−free electrolysis relay system to continuously manufacture directly accessible liquid fertilizer (NH4NO3 solution) without any other additive ions; this system can be utilized by crops with high efficiency. RuCo−based powders are chosen as model catalysts. Ru9Co91Ox possesses the optimal plasma-catalytic ability, while Ru9Co91 exhibits the highest electro-catalytic activity. 15N isotope labelling experiments and a series of in situ characterizations unveil the electroreduction mechanism and N−contribution of NO/NO2/NO2−/NO3−, which directs the establishment of a nitrogen balance between two relay processes. Impressively, a 20 L plasma reactor combined with an 8 L membrane−free electrolyzer is employed for the pilot−plant test, which outputs 4 L h-1 NH4NO3 solution at a constant concentration (840 ppm−N) to meet the N−fertilizer requirement in a 50 m2 farmland.
Critical material supply sustainability for wind turbine deployment towards 2050
Authors: Li Jinhui , Gómez Moisés , Zeng Xianlai 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The rapid expansion of wind energy utilization is equipped with the input of wind turbine. The material reliance of wind turbine deployment remains unclear. Here we uncover the global mineral requirements and environmental impacts of wind turbine deployment from 2000 to 2050. Our findings reveal a substantial need for metals, categorized into extreme risk (Dy, Tb, Nd, Pr, Nb, Mo, and Cu), high risk (steel and Ni), and medium-low risk (Al, Cr, B, and Pb). Shortages of material may potentially manifest by the end of this decade. Extending turbine lifespans by 5-10 years reduces material use, energy consumption, water usage, and CO2 emissions by 8.8-16.2% compared to a 20-year lifespan. The obtained results also indicate that an exponential increase in end-of-life wind turbines is currently in progress, emphasizing the urgent need for strategic planning, supporting policies, and efficient management to promptly tackle this critical issue.
LY86 facilitates ox-LDL-induced lipid accumulation in macrophages by upregulating SREBP2/HMGCR expression
Authors: Jiang Guangwei , Li Jikuan , Niu Shuai , Dong Ruoyu , Chen Yuyan , Bi Wei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
LY86, also known as MD1, has been implicated in various pathophysiological processes including inflammation, obesity, insulin resistance, and immunoregulation. However, the role of LY86 in cholesterol metabolism remains incompletely understood. Several studies have reported significant up-regulation of LY86 mRNA in atherosclerosis; nevertheless, the regulatory mechanism by which LY86 is involved in this disease remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether LY86 affects ox-LDL-induced lipid accumulation in macrophages. Firstly, we confirmed that LY86 is indeed involved in the process of atherosclerosis and found high expression levels of LY86 in human atherosclerotic plaque tissue. Furthermore, our findings suggest that LY86 may mediate intracellular lipid accumulation induced by ox-LDL through the SREBP2/HMGCR pathway. This mechanism could be associated with increased cholesterol synthesis resulting from enhanced endoplasmic reticulum stress response.
On the relationship of the Shift of the North Magnetic Pole with Volcanic Activity in the Yellowstone Caldera
Authors: Vassilyev Ivan Veniaminovich , Zhumabayev Beibit Tenelovich , Mendakulov Zhassulan Korabayevich 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
One of the unsolved tasks in the problem of the nature of the Earth's magnetic field (EMF) is the reason for the displacement of the magnetic poles. The work draws attention to the temporal coincidence of the beginning of the accelerated drift of the north magnetic pole with the development of volcanic and tectonic activity in the Yellowstone caldera. Attention is drawn to the fact that the north magnetic pole is shifting towards the geographic pole relative to the geographic coordinates of the Yellowstone caldera. The relationship of these events cannot be explained based on the theory of hydromagnetic dynamo, but can be explained within the framework of the hypothesis of the connection of the Earth's magnetic field with the dipole moments of silicon dioxide molecules, identically oriented towards the center of the Earth under the influence of gravitational forces during quartz crystallization. If the ordered orientation of quartz molecules is disrupted during local volcanic activity, this should affect the displacement of the magnetic dipole axis. A simplified model of the Earth's magnetic field is presented based on a rotating charged ring with an uneven distribution of charges around the circumference of the ring. It is shown that the magnetic axis of the dipole shifts from the rotation axis towards a higher charge concentration. The article provides a detailed calculation of the Earth's magnetic field created by quartzites based on the proposed theory. The calculated average intensity of the Earth's magnetic field was equal to 43.68 A/m. This value almost identical to the average intensity of the observed Earth's magnetic field.
Developmental Differences in Reaching-and-Placing Movement and Its Potential in Classifying Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder: Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Su Wan-Chun , Mutersbaugh John , Huang Wei-Lun , Bhat Anjana , Gandjbakhche Amir 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is among the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders, yet the current diagnostic procedures rely on behavioral analyses and interviews and lack objective screening methods. This study seeks to address this gap by integrating upper limb kinematics and deep learning methods to identify potential biomarkers that could be validated in younger age groups in the future to enhance the identification of ASD. Forty-one school-age children, with and without an ASD diagnosis (Mean age ± SE = 10.3 ± 0.4; 12 Females), participated in the study. A single Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) was affixed to the child’s wrist as they engaged in a continuous reaching and placing task. Deep learning techniques were employed to classify children with and without ASD. Our findings suggest delays in motor planning and control in school-age children compared to healthy adults. Compared to TD children, children with ASD exhibited poor motor planning and control as seen by greater number of movement units, more movement overshooting, and prolonged time to peak velocity/acceleration. Compensatory movement strategies such as greater velocity and acceleration were also seen in the ASD group. More importantly, using Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) model, we demonstrated an accuracy of ~ 78.1% in classifying children with and without ASD. These findings underscore the potential use of studying upper limb movement kinematics during goal-directed arm movements and deep learning methods as valuable tools for classifying and, consequently, aiding in the diagnosis and early identification of ASD upon further validation in younger children.
Reducing GPS orbital and clock errors using recurrent neural networks
Authors: A.A BOUSNANE. , Berguig.M.C.  , Dekkiche.H  
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Because satellite orbits and clocks are usually treated as known quantities in GPS positioning models, these errors are one of the most impactful in Global Navigation satellite system (GNSS) positioning, especially in single point positioning mode. In this work we tried to reduce orbit and clock errors using deep learning technique (recurrent neural network) by creating a model that predict the offsets of broadcast ephemeris and clock biases, from precise products. We tried two different methods, the first one is predicting the future offsets for the next +72 hours basing on both precise and broadcast ephemeris, and the second method is predicting the current offsets using only broadcast ephemeris as inputs. To create the models, we used Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) architectures. These architectures are generally used to solve sequential problems in deep learning. We got results that vary between methods in terms of satellites and time steps. For the first method we get (10-50cm) and (0.5-1.7ns) reduced from (~130cm, ~14ns), It increases over time steps, and we get a minimum of (44cm) for the second method.
Functional MRI of imprinting memory: a new avenue for neurobiology of early learning
Authors: Behroozi Mehdi , Lorenzi Elena , Tabrik Sepideh , Tegenthoff Martin , Gozzi Alessandro , Güntürkün Onur , Vallortigara Giorgio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Filial imprinting, a crucial ethological paradigm, provides insights into the neurobiology of early learning and its long-term impact on behaviour. To date, only invasive techniques, such as autoradiography or lesion, have been employed to understand this behaviour. The primary limitation of these methods lies in their constrained access to the entire brain, impeding the exploration of brain networks crucial at various stages of this paradigm. Recently, advances in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in the avian brain have opened new windows to explore bird’s brain function at the network level. Here, we developed a ground-breaking non-invasive functional MRI technique for awake, newly hatched chicks that record whole-brain BOLD signal changes throughout imprinting experiments. While the initial phases of memory acquisition imprinting behaviour have been unravelled, the long-term storage and retrieval components of imprinting memories are still unknown. Our findings identified potential long-term storage of imprinting memories across a neural network, including the hippocampal formation, the medial striatum, the arcopallium, and the prefrontal-like nidopallium caudolaterale. This platform opens up new avenues for exploring the broader landscape of learning and memory processes in neonatal vertebrates, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the intricate interplay between behaviour and brain networks.
Association of osteoporotic fractures of femoral neck and femoral neck geometric parameters in native Chinese women
Authors: Li Lin , Shen Yi , Tan Li-Hua , Zhang Hong , Dai Ru-Chun , Yuan Ling-Qing , Sheng Zhi-Feng , Wu Xi-Yu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Although it is generally believed that the femoral neck fracture is related to the femoral neck geometric parameters (FNGPs), the association between the risk of osteoporotic fracture of the femoral neck and FNGPs in native Chinese women is still unclear.
Methods
A total of 374 female patients (mean age 70.2 ± 9.32 years) with osteoporotic fracture of the femoral neck who met the inclusion criteria were identified, and 374 non-fracture control groups were completely matched with the case group according to the age and gender ratio of 1:1. This study measured eight FNGPs: the outer diameter (OD), cross-sectional area (CSA), cortical thickness (CT), endocortical diameter (ED), buckling ratio (BR), section modulus (SM), cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI), and compressive strength index (CSI) at the narrowest point of the femoral neck.
Results
Compared with the control group, the average values of OD (2.9%), ED (4.5%), and BR (26.1%) in the patient group significantly increased (p = 0.015 to < 0.001), while CSA (‒15.3%), CT (‒18.2%), SM (‒10.3%), CSMI (‒6.4%), and CSI (‒10.8%) significantly decreased (all p < 0.001). The prevalence of osteoporosis in the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip was, respectively, 82%, 81%, and 65% in fracture patients. Cox proportional hazard model analysis showed that in the age adjusted model, the fracture hazard ratio (HR) of CSA, CT, BR, SM, and CSI significantly increased (HRs = 1.60‒8.33; 95% CI = 1.08‒16.6; all p < 0.001). In the model adjusted for age and femoral neck BMD, HRs of CT (HRs = 3.90‒8.03; 95% CI = 2.45‒15.1; all p < 0.001) and BR (HRs = 1.62‒2.60; 95% CI = 1.20‒5.44; all p < 0.001) were still significantly increased.
Conclusion
These results suggest that the majority of osteoporotic fractures of the femoral neck of native Chinese women occur in patients with osteoporosis. CT thinning or BR increase of FNGPs may be independent predictors of fragility fracture of femoral neck in native Chinese women unrelated to BMD.
Did war have a more adverse impact on women's long-term health outcomes: Evidence from China
Authors: zhen Zhang , Tang Daisheng , Wang Xinyuan , Bu Tao , Feng Quishi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Men and women may face different risks and experiences in war, which can lead to significantly different long-term health outcomes impacts. This paper distinguishes the aggressive wars and civil wars in modern China and uses 1998–2018 CLHLS data to examine gender differences and its nature differences in the long-term health outcomes impacts of war shocks on individual, the potential mechanisms and compensatory effects. We find that the negative effects of war experiences in early life course on women's long-term health outcomes is more significant compared to men. The war nature exhibits a heterogeneous influence on women's long-term health outcomes, with aggressive wars having greater negative effects than civil wars. And factors such as lack of drinking water and inadequate healthcare services in early life course are wars potential mechanisms, with aggressive wars having greater effects. In addition, the education level, healthcare service, marital status, and Communist Party membership have significant compensatory effects for wars, with civil wars particularly stronger are. Indicating the consequences of aggressive war on women's long-term health outcomes are permanent and cannot be reversed.
How does mindfulness skills training works on emotion dysregulation in borderline personality disorder?
Authors: Schmidt Carlos , Soler Joaquim , Vega Daniel , Nicolaou Stella , Arias Laia , Pascual Juan C. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Mindfulness skills training is a core component of Dialectical Behavior Therapy and aims to improve emotion dysregulation (ED) in people with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). However, the underlying mechanisms of change are not fully understood.
Methods
A total of 75 BPD outpatients participated in a 10-week mindfulness skills training. Decentering, nonjudgment, body awareness and attention awareness was proposed as putative mechanisms. Multilevel models with a time-lagged approach were conducted to examine the temporal dynamics between these mechanisms and ED.
Results
Greater nonjudgment and body awareness showed within-person effects; participants who reported higher nonjudgement of inner experience and body awareness than their own personal average at a given week showed improvement in ED at the following week. Notably, decentering moderated these associations, such that increased nonjudgment and body awareness predicted improvements in ED more strongly in those participants with high decentering ability. Lastly, a bidirectional relationship between the mechanisms and ED was found; when participants were more emotionally dysregulated than their usual state, they showed less gain in the mechanisms at the following week.
Conclusions
Knowing how mindfulness training works is relevant to optimize treatments. Clinicians may use strategies to increase these mechanisms when the goal is to improve emotion regulation difficulties in BPD.
Automatic Segmentation of 15 Critical Anatomical Labels and Measurements of the Cardiac Axis and Cardiothoracic Ratio in Fetal Four Chambers Using nnU-NetV2
Authors: Liang Bocheng , Peng Fengfeng , Luo Dandan , Zen Qing , Wen Huaxuan , Zheng Bowen , Zou Zhiyin , An Liting , Wen Huiying , Wen Xin , Liao Yimei , Yuan Ying , Li Shengli 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The fetal four-chamber view is essential in prenatal echocardiography for screening and diagnosing fetal heart disease. Accurate cardiac axis (CAx) and cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) measurements are critical for assessing fetal cardiac position and function. This study developed an AI-based model using nnU-NetV2 to segment the four-chamber view automatically and measure the CAx and CTR.
Methods
High-quality fetal four-chamber view images were collected from our hospital. Images meeting the ISUOG criteria were annotated with critical structures to train an AI-based model. Postprocessing enabled automated CAx and CTR measurements with clinical validation by sonographers with 1, 5, and 10 years of experience. The analyses used Dice coefficients, mIoUs, ICCs, and Bland‒Altman plots in R and Python.
Results
A total of 1083 finely labeled images were used to train the model (867 training/validation images, 216 test images). The model demonstrated high segmentation accuracy (Dice coefficient of 87.11 and mIoU of 77.68). Visual inspection verified smooth contour segmentation. The CAx and CTR measurements were highly concordant between the model and sonographers, especially for the sonographers with ten years of experience (CAx ICC 0.83, CTR ICC 0.81). The Bland‒Altman plots showed high agreement between the model and experienced sonographers.
Conclusion
The AI-based model effectively automated the identification and segmentation of critical structures with robust accuracy. It accurately computed CAx and CTR, exhibiting strong concordance with the findings of the senior sonographer. This suggests that the model can assist in diagnosing fetal congenital heart disease through ultrasound while reducing the workload of sonographers.
Genetic erosion and population decline in four threatened rattan species of India: insights from genome-wide microsatellite analysis
Authors: Sarath Paremmal , Parveen Muneera , Sreeku VB , Dasgupta Modhumita , Bohra HR , Dev Suma Arun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Rattans are climbing palms, known for their strong flexible canes and are important Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in south and southeast Asian countries. Of the five palm genera known as rattans, Calamus holds a pivotal position owing to huge local and global market demand. A substantial part of the NTFPs is harvested from the natural populations, thus many of the economically exploited rattan species are on the verge of extinction. The present work intended to study the consequences of population decline on the genetic structure and diversity parameters of four economically exploited threatened Calamus species (C. brandisii, C. acanthospathus, C. nambariensis and C. andamanicus) distributed in the three geographical zones of India (viz. Western Ghats, northeast and Andaman-Nicobar Islands). The study generated a 848.89 Mb length draft assembly of C. brandisii genome and genome-wide microsatellite (SSR) markers were mined out. The microsatellite markers standardized in C. brandisii were cross-amplified in other Calamus species used in the study. Population genetic analysis revealed deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, heterozygosity excess in the populations, unique/private alleles, and genetic distinctiveness of populations in the species’. This has been inferred as the result of small reproductive population size and obligatory outcrossing in the species. Genetic structure analysis revealed high genetic divergence and evidence for genetic bottleneck events which can severely impact their long-term evolution and survival. Conservation and management actions should focus on the augmentation of population size, improving genetic connectivity and assisted migration with unique alleles to enhance the adaptive potential and survival of these threatened rattan resources.
Triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio associated with long-term adverse clinical outcomes in patients deferred revascularization following fractional flow reserve
Authors: Li Fanqi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Deferred revascularization following fractional flow reserve (FFR) for coronary intermediate lesions is highly recommended by guidelines. The effect of triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) on cardiovascular diseases is also well studied. However, the relationship between TG/HDL-C and long-term clinical adverse outcomes remains unknown for patients deferred revascularization following FFR.
Methods
We retrospectively included 374 coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with non-significant coronary lesions diagnosed by coronary angiography (CAG) and FFR. All patients were categorized into three subgroups in terms of TG/HDL-C tertiles. The primary endpoint was the composite of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs). A Cox regression model was utilized to reveal the association between TG/HDL-C and prevalence of MACCEs.
Results
47 MACCEs were documented over a median follow-up period of 6.6 years. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed a higher MACCEs rate occurred in the higher TG/HDL-C group (5.6% vs. 12.9% vs. 19.4%, log-rank p < 0.01). After adjustment, patients in T3 suffered a 2.6-fold risk compared to the T1 group (T3 vs. T1: HR 2.55, 95% CI 1.05–6.21, p = 0.038; T2 vs. T1: HR 1.71, 95% CI 0.65–4.49, p = 0.075; p for trend = 0.001). The restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis illustrated that the HR for MACCEs increased with increasing TG/HDL-C. Both the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and time-dependent ROC proved the excellent predictive power of TG/HDL-C.
Conclusion
The present study demonstrates that TG/HDL-C is associated with MACCEs risk and suggests that TG/HDL-C is a reliable predictor of long-term cardiovascular events in CAD patients deferred revascularization following FFR.