bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymatic Methods of Analysis: Novel Approaches and Applications
Authors: Shekhovtsova T. N. , Muginova S. V. , Veselova I. A. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluorenylidene and Indenylidene Dications: Insights About Antiaromaticity
Authors: Mills Nancy S. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Three‐year analysis of treatment efficacy, cosmesis, and toxicity by the American Society of Breast Surgeons MammoSite Breast Brachytherapy Registry Trial in patients treated with accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI)
Authors: Vicini Frank , Beitsch Peter D. , Quiet Coral A. , Keleher Angela J. , Garcia Delia , Snider Howard C. , Gittleman Mark A. , Zannis Victor J. , Kuerer Henry M. , Lyden Maureen 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.This report presents 3 years of data on treatment efficacy, cosmetic results, and toxicities for patients enrolled on the American Society of Breast Surgeons MammoSite (Cytyc, Bedford, Mass) Breast Brachytherapy Registry Trial.METHODS.A total of 1440 patients (1449 cases) with early stage breast cancer who were undergoing breast‐conserving therapy were treated with the MammoSite device to deliver accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) (34 Gy in 3.4 Gy fractions). Of these, 1255 (87%) cases had invasive breast cancer (IBC; median size = 10 mm), and 194 (13%) cases had ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS; median size = 8 mm). Median follow‐up was 30.1 months.RESULTS.Twenty‐three (1.6%) cases developed an ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) for a 2‐year actuarial rate of 1.04% (1.11% for IBC and 0.59% for DCIS). No variables were associated with IBTR. Six (0.4%) patients developed an axillary failure. The percentages of breasts with good to excellent cosmetic results at 12 (n = 980), 24 (n = 752), 36 (n = 403), and 48 months (n = 67 cases) were 95%, 94%, 93%, and 93%, respectively. Breast seromas were reported in 23.9% of cases (30% in open‐cavity implants and 19% in closed‐cavity implants). Symptomatic seromas occurred in 10.6% of cases, and 1.5% of cases developed fat necrosis. A subset analysis of the first 400 consecutive cases enrolled was performed (352 with IBC, 48 DCIS). With a median follow‐up of 37.5 months, the 3‐year actuarial rate of IBTR was 1.79%.CONCLUSIONS.Treatment efficacy, cosmesis, and toxicity 3 years after treatment with APBI using the MammoSite device are good and similar to those reported with other forms of APBI with similar follow‐up. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Fatherhood status and prostate cancer risk
Authors: Jørgensen Kristian T. , Pedersen Bo V. , Johansen Christoffer , Frisch Morten 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.Whether fatherhood status affects prostate cancer risk remains controversial. Recently, it was proposed that childless men are at lower prostate cancer risk than men with children and that men with sons may be at lower risk than men with daughters only.METHODS.National population‐based register data were used to address these associations between fatherhood status and prostate cancer risk. The cohort comprised all men born in Denmark between 1935 and 1988, among whom 3400 developed prostate cancer during a total of 51.6 million person‐years of follow‐up between 1968 and 2003.RESULTS.Childless men were found to be at a 16% reduced risk of prostate cancer compared with fathers (rate ratio [RR] of 0.84; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.73–0.95). The sex of the offspring did not affect prostate cancer risk (fathers with sons vs fathers without sons: RR of 0.99; 95% CI, 0.90–1.08). Among fathers, a significant trend was observed of gradually reduced prostate cancer risk with increasing number of children (P = .009), a pattern applying to both sons (P = .01) and daughters (P = .04).CONCLUSIONS.Our national cohort study corroborates the view that men without children constitute a group that is at a moderately reduced risk of prostate cancer. Among men with children, there appears to be a linear decline in prostate cancer risk with increasing number of children that is independent of the sex of the offspring. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Understanding high‐quality cancer care
Authors: Aiello Bowles Erin J. , Tuzzio Leah , Wiese Cheryl J. , Kirlin Beth , Greene Sarah M. , Clauser Steven B. , Wagner Edward H. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.The Institute of Medicine (IOM) report Crossing the Quality Chasm proposed 6 aims for high‐quality healthcare: effective, safe, timely, efficient, equitable, and patient‐centered, and emphasized care coordination. Through interviews with nationally recognized experts in healthcare quality, perspectives on barriers and facilitators to achieving these aims for cancer patients were elicited.METHODS.In all, 23 peer‐nominated experts with diverse backgrounds in policy, healthcare, patient advocacy, and research were individually interviewed. They were asked about barriers and facilitators to achieving high‐quality cancer care, and information technology or other innovations that might improve the quality of cancer diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance. Interviews were tape‐recorded and transcribed. Two analysts independently reviewed and coded each transcript using ethnographic software to elucidate key themes.RESULTS.The major perceived barrier to providing high‐quality cancer care was unnecessary variation in cancer care because of lack of standardization or adherence to guidelines during diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance. Additional barriers included insufficient teamwork and communication among multidisciplinary care teams, lack of patient awareness and empowerment, diagnostic delays during provider transitions, and excessive reimbursement for treatment. Experts suggested improving cancer patients' experiences by standardizing care, adhering to guidelines, and using “patient navigators” and an interoperable electronic medical record accessible to patients and providers at multiple facilities.CONCLUSIONS.Some of these solutions have been developed and tested, whereas others have not. It is hoped that these suggestions provide impetus for new research, accelerating progress toward achieving the IOM's vision for high‐quality cancer care. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Vesicular glutamate transporters define two sets of glutamatergic afferents to the somatosensory thalamus and two thalamocortical projections in the mouse
Authors: Graziano Alessandro , Liu Xiao‐Bo , Murray Karl D. , Jones Edward G. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe ventral posterior nucleus of the thalamus (VP) receives two major sets of excitatory inputs, one from the ascending somatosensory pathways originating in the dorsal horn, dorsal column nuclei, and trigeminal nuclei, and the other originating from the cerebral cortex. Both systems use glutamate as neurotransmitter, as do the thalamocortical axons relaying somatosensory information from the VP to the primary somatosensory cortex (SI). The synapses formed by these projection systems differ anatomically, physiologically, and in their capacity for short‐term synaptic plasticity. Glutamate uptake into synaptic vesicles and its release at central synapses depend on two isoforms of vesicular glutamate transporters, VGluT1 and VGluT2. Despite ample evidence of their complementary distribution, some instances exist of co‐localization in the same brain areas or at the same synapses. In the thalamus, the two transcripts coexist in cells of the VP and other nuclei but not in the posterior or intralaminar nuclei. We show that the two isoforms are completely segregated at VP synapses, despite their widespread expression throughout the dorsal and ventral thalamus. We present immunocytochemical, ultrastructural, gene expression, and connectional evidence that VGluT1 in the VP is only found at corticothalamic synapses, whereas VGluT2 is only found at terminals made by axons originating in the spinal cord and brainstem. By contrast, the two VGluT isoforms are co‐localized in thalamocortical axon terminals targeting layer IV, but not in those targeting layer I, suggesting the presence of two distinct projection systems related to the core/matrix pattern of organization of thalamocortical connectivity described in other mammals. J. Comp. Neurol. 507:1258–1276, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spatial regulation of Corazonin neuropeptide expression requires multiple cis‐acting elements in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Choi Seung‐Hoon , Lee Gyunghee , Monahan Pamela , Park Jae H. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractAlthough most invertebrate neuropeptide‐encoding genes display distinct expression patterns in the central nervous system (CNS), the molecular mechanisms underlying spatial regulation of the neuropeptide genes are largely unknown. Expression of the neuropeptide Corazonin (Crz) is limited to only 24 neurons in the larval CNS of Drosophila melanogaster, and these neurons have been categorized into three groups, namely, DL, DM, and vCrz. To identify cis‐regulatory elements that control transcription of Crz in each neuronal group, reporter gene expression patterns driven by various 5′ flanking sequences of Crz were analyzed to assess their promoter activities in the CNS. We show that the 504‐bp 5′ upstream sequence is the shortest promoter directing reporter activities in all Crz neurons. Further dissection of this sequence revealed two important regions responsible for group specificity: −504::−419 for DM expression and −380::−241 for DL and vCrz expression. The latter region is further subdivided into three sites (proximal, center, and distal), in which any combinations of the two are sufficient for DL expression, whereas both proximal and distal sites are required for vCrz expression. Interestingly, the TATA box does not play a role in Crz transcription in most neurons. We also show that a 434‐bp 5′ upstream sequence of the D. virilis Crz gene, when introduced into the D. melanogaster genome, drives reporter expression in the DL and vCrz neurons, suggesting that regulatory mechanisms for Crz expression in at least two such neuronal groups are conserved between the two species. J. Comp. Neurol. 507:1184–1195, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expedited forwarding end‐to‐end delay and jitter in DiffServ
Authors: Alshaer Hamada , Elmirghani Jaafar M. H. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe scheduling disciplines and active buffer management represent the main components employed in the differentiated services (DiffServ) data plane, which provide qualitative per‐hop behaviors corresponding to the QoS required by supported traffic classes. In the first part of this paper, we compute the per‐hop delay bound that should be guaranteed by the different multiservice scheduling disciplines, so that the end‐to‐end (e2e) delay required by expedited forwarding (EF) traffic can be guaranteed. Consequently, we derive the e2e delay bound of EF traffic served by priority queuing–weighted fair queuing (PQ–WFQ) at every hop along its routing path. Although real‐time flows are principally offered EF service class, some simulations on DiffServ‐enabled network show that these flows suffer from delay jitter and they are negatively impacted by lower priority traffic. In the second part of this paper, we clarify the passive impact of delay jitter on EF traffic, where EF flows are represented by renewal periodic ON–OFF flows, and the background (BG) flows are characterized by the Poisson process. We analyze through different scenarios the jitter effects of these BG flows on EF flow patterns when they are served by a single class scheduling discipline, such as first‐input first‐output, and a multiclass or multiservice scheduling discipline, such as static priority service discipline. As a result, we have found out that the EF per‐hop behaviors (PHBs) configuration according to RFCs 2598 and 3246 (IETF RFC 2598, June 1999;RFC 3246,IETF, March 2002) cannot stand alone in guaranteeing the delay jitter required by EF flows. Therefore, playout buffers must be added to DiffServ‐enabled networks for handling delay jitter problem that suffers from EF flows. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fine needle aspiration cytology of clear cell “sugar” tumor (PEComa) of the lung: Report of a case
Authors: Policarpio‐Nicolas Maria Luisa , Covell Jamie , Bregman Shelli , Atkins Kristen 
Published: January 2008

AbstractPEComa (clear cell “sugar” tumor) of the lung is a rare benign tumor of the lung probably arising from the perivascular epithelioid cells (PECs). We report a case of pulmonary PEComa arising from the periphery of the right lobe of a 64‐year‐old male. To our knowledge, this is the second case in the English literature diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy. In this case report, the clinical, cytologic and immunohistochemical features clear cell “sugar” tumor of the lung are discussed and compared with the previously published literature. The differential diagnosis and methods for distinguishing the various clear cells lesions in the lung are discussed. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2008;36:89–93. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical significance of cultures collected from fine‐needle aspiration biopsy
Authors: Granville Laura A. , Laucirica Rodolfo , Verstovsek Gordana 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe rate of positive cultures in fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) specimens is evaluated, and the value of submitting FNAB culture is assessed. Review of 3,300 FNAB specimens from 2,416 patients were tabulated for culture results, when obtained from the FNAB material. For positive culture results, clinical impact was assessed. Of 3,300 FNAB specimens and 2,416 patients, 185 had cultures performed (6% of specimens, 8% of patients). Of the 185 cultured specimens, 63 (34%) were positive and 122 (66%) were negative. Of the 63 positive cultures, 23 (12% of all FNAB cultures) had a significant impact on patient care. In our institution the FNA culture rate is 6%. When cases with clinical or microscopic suspicion of infection are cultured, 34% are positive for aerobic or anaerobic bacteria, mycobacteria or fungus. Culture in FNA specimens is a useful adjunct to diagnosis and impacts care in 12% of patients cultured at FNAB. This method can be used to triage patients with suspected infectious diseases and can aid in managing patients who may have recurrent infections. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2008;36:85–88. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Early cytological diagnosis of diffuse malignant mesothelioma of the peritoneum: A case report
Authors: Pomjanski Natalia , Grote Hans Juergen , Sander Oliver , Heikaus Sebastian , Müller Klaus‐Michael , Böcking Alfred 
Published: January 2008

AbstractMesotheliomas are the most frequent primary malignant tumors of serosal cavities with a poor prognosis. A definitive and early diagnosis on effusion samples is important, because recent advances in therapy for patients with mesothelioma may result in an improved outcome if they are applied to stage I disease.We report a case of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma diagnosed repeatedly by cytology in ascites fluids 1.5 yr before the diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy histology. The cytological diagnoses were supported by immunocytochemistry, DNA‐cytometry, and AgNOR‐analysis. Routine cytology supported by three adjuvant methods enabled us to correctly establish the diagnosis. Our case suggests that a cytological diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma supported by adjuvant methods should not be rejected even if based on negative histological results. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2008;36:120–123. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hairy cell leukemia presenting as a discrete liver mass: Diagnosis by fine needle aspiration biopsy
Authors: Al‐Za'abi Ali Mohammed , Boerner Scott L. , Geddie William 
Published: January 2008

AbstractHairy cell leukemia, a chronic low‐grade lymphoproliferative disorder first recognized in mid 1920's typically involves the lymphoreticular system, especially the spleen and the bone marrow. Clinically, it tends to present with pancytopenia and splenomegaly. Liver involvement, if present, is usually in a sinusoidal and a periportal pattern. We report a case of hairy cell leukemia associated with a liver mass 20 years after the initial presentation. To our knowledge, this is the first case of hairy cell leukemia presenting as a solid liver mass diagnosed by a percutaneous ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration biopsy to be reported in the English literature. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2008;36:128–132. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Application of flow cytometry for biomarker‐based cervical cancer cells detection
Authors: Ling Jian , Wiederkehr Urs , Cabiness Spring , Shroyer Kenneth R. , Robinson J. Paul 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe Pap test used for cervical cancer screening is subjective, labor‐intensive, and has relatively low sensitivity and specificity for the detection of underlying clinically significant lesions. The objective of this study is to develop a biomarker/flow cytometry‐based approach for cervical cancer screening. Immunofluorescence technology to quantify cervical cell expression of two biomarkers p16INK4A and Mcm5 was developed and evaluated by both microcopy and flow cytometry. The capability of using biomarker/flow cytometry approach to detect rare‐event dysplastic cells in a large background of benign epithelial and inflammatory cells was evaluated. The results indicate that flow cytometry could detect 0.01% dysplastic cells in a background of normal cervical epithelial cells with the combination of the two biomarkers. Thirty‐two clinical specimens were used to test the biomarker/flow cytometry‐based approach and the results were compared with the liquid‐based cervical cytology. The experiment yielded 100% sensitivity and 93% specificity with reference to the liquid‐based cervical cytology. This study indicates the promise of using multi‐color fluorescence flow cytometry for biomarker‐based cervical cancer screening. This molecular‐based, potentially high‐throughput and automated method is expected to provide an alternative/auxiliary means of cervical cancer screening. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2008;36:76–84. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metal Coordination Architectures of 2,3‐Bis(triazol‐1‐ylmethyl)quinoxaline: Effect of Metal Ion and Counterion on Complex Structures
Authors: Du Jian‐Long , Hu Tong‐Liang , Li Jian‐Rong , Zhang Shu‐Ming , Bu Xian‐He 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA series of complexes, [ZnLCl2]2 (1), [ZnL2(NO3)2]∞ (2), [MnL2(NO3)2]∞ (3), {[ZnL2(H2O)2](ClO4)2(CH3COCH3)2}∞ (4), {[MnL2(H2O)2](ClO4)2(CH3COCH3)2}∞ (5), {[CdL2(H2O)2]‐(ClO4)2(H2O)6}∞ (6), and {[AgL](ClO4)(H2O)1.5}∞ (7), based on the flexible ligand 2,3‐bis(triazol‐1‐ylmethyl)quinoxaline (L) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyses, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Complex 1 is a dinuclear macrocyclic molecular, which is further linked into a 1D supramolecular chain by intermolecular C–H···Cl weak interactions. The metal centers in 2 and 3 coordinate two NO3– anions, and the flexible ligand bridges M(NO3)2 [M = ZnII or MnII] units to form 1D chain structures. Complexes 4, 5, and 6 show a 2D network structure with (4,4) topology. As expected, complex 7 has a 1D strand chain structure that is different than other MII complexes (4, 5, and 6) with the same ligand. These chains are further extended into a 2D supramolecular network by O···Ag···O weak interactions. In all these complexes, the ligand bridges in a similar mode; however, the complexes have different structures ranging from a dinuclear structure to a 2D network mainly due to the differences in the coordination geometries of the metal centers and counterions. These results reveal that the coordination geometry of metal ions and the coordinating abilities of the counterions play important roles in defining the overall structure of metal–organic frameworks. In addition, the fluorescent properties of complexes 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, and ligand L and the EPR spectra of complex 5 were also investigated. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
A Brave New World: The Heteroatom Chemistry of 1,3,2,4‐Benzodithiadiazines and Related Compounds
Authors: Blockhuys Frank , Gritsan Nina P. , Makarov Alexander Yu. , Tersago Karla , Zibarev Andrey V. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThis review highlights the most important advances in the heteroatom chemistry of 1,3,2,4‐benzodithiadiazines (π‐excessive and formally antiaromatic heterocycles), covering methods for synthesis, nontrivial features of the molecular and π‐electronic structure, spectral properties, and reactivity, in particular the transformations into persistent π‐radicals. The chemistry of 1,3,2,4‐benzodithiadiazines is compared to that of related chalcogen–nitrogen compounds, both cyclic and acyclic.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Small Molecule‐Controlled Spontaneous Growth of Rose‐Like Se Crystals at Room Temperature
Authors: Deng Da‐Wei , Yu Jun‐Sheng , Pan Yi 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe spontaneous growth of rose‐like Se crystals in aqueous solutions at room temperature is reported. The formation of rose‐like Se crystals is based on the oxidation of Na2Se in the presence of thioglycerol solution at pH = 11 in a dark ambient atmosphere. In alkaline solutions, the growth evolution of rose‐like Se crystals with aging time was followed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and an interesting formation process from initial Se monomers to amorphous Se (a‐Se) spheres, and to the final rose‐like complex structures of Se crystals was observed. Seven kinds of small molecules with different structures, including 1‐thioglycerol (TG), mercaptamine (MA), L‐cysteine (L‐cys), 3‐mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), thioglycolic acid (TGA), glycerol (GLY), and L‐serine (L‐ser), were used to manipulate the growth of Se crystals. The experimental results show that the structures of the small molecules play a key role in the growth of the Se crystals. The presence of thiols in the structure of the small molecules is favorable for the formation of the aggregates of Se crystals, and other termini, such as –NH2, –OH, or –COO–, will determine whether the aggregates of Se crystals are made up of Se slices or Se prisms. These observations suggest that the ligand molecules have a crucial effect on the nucleation, monomers, and growth of nanocrystals. The selection of ligands can be extended to other important materials for further preparation of nanocrystals with desired shapes. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)