bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning within fiber-crafted algorithms: Posthumanist perspectives for capturing human-material collaboration
Authors: Keune Anna 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA key commitment of computer-supported collaborative learning research is to study how people learn in collaborative settings to guide development of methods for capture and design for learning. Computer-supported collaborative learning research has a tradition of studying how the physical world plays a part in collaborative learning. Within the field, a material turn is emerging that considers how digital and tangible technologies actively contribute to collaborative learning processes. Studying how tangible materials produce collaborative learning visibly and algorithmically is particularly important at a time when advanced algorithms are integrated into educational contexts in ways that are not always transparent. However, the needed methodologies for capturing how non-human agents take part in collaborative learning remains underdeveloped. The present study builds on current CSCL research that investigates materials in collaborative learning and introduces posthumanist perspectives with the aim to decenter humans methodologically and to probe empirically whether and how these perspectives contribute to empirical understanding of collaborative learning processes. Taking fiber crafts (e.g., weaving and fabric manipulation) as a context for computational learning, the present study conducted a posthumanist analysis of differences among human and non-human participants in collaboration using video data to investigate how middle school youths and fiber craft components performed algorithms over time. The findings show how both youths and craft materials actively contributed to the performance of algorithms. In weaving, algorithms became repeated youth-material movements one dimension at a time. In fabric manipulation, algorithms became a repeated confluence of component parts. Decentering humans through an analysis of differences among human and non-human introduced human-material collaboration as a productive unit of analysis for understanding how materials and people together contribute to producing what can be recognized as computational performance. The findings of this research contribute to ongoing conversations in CSCL research on how computational materials can be considered in collaborative learning and present a new approach to capture collaborative learning as physical expansion over time. The study has implications for future research on capturing collaborative computational learning and designing physical computational learning opportunities that show technology as evolving.
Effectiveness of a Post-discharge Phone-Based Smoking Cessation Intervention for Patients with Severe Mental Health Disorders: The 061 Quitmental Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Martínez Cristina , Feliu Ariadna , Saura Judith , Nieva Gemma , Pinet Cristina , Raich Antònia , Mondon Sílvia , Barrio Pablo , Andreu Magalí , Hernández-Ribas Rosa , Costa Sílvia , Suelves Josep Maria , Vilaplana Jordi , Enríquez Marta , Alaustre Laura , Vilalta Eva , Alvarez Judit Bonet , Guydish Joseph ,   061 Quitmental Group, Fernández Esteve , Ballbè Montse 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA pragmatic double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted in Barcelona to assess a telephone-based smoking cessation intervention’s effectiveness for individuals with mental health disorders post-discharge. Participants were divided into an intervention group (IG) and control group (CG) with a 2:1 allocation ratio. The IG received proactive motivational assistance, while the CG received brief advice. Biochemically validated past 7-day abstinence was the main outcome measure. Of 530 screened individuals, 294 were enrolled (200 IG, 94 CG). During follow-up, participants reported 97 episodes of ≥ 7-day abstinence (IG, 51; CG, 26). Overall abstinence probability was 30–35%, with no difference between groups at 1-year follow-up. However, intervention participants were more likely to report abstinence if they quit during hospitalization or were considering quitting. The intervention effectively supported smoking abstinence in motivated individuals. Combining this with clinical and community-based interventions holds promise for aiding smoking cessation in those with mental disorders. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03230955.
Velocity estimation of thunderstorm movement and dealiasing of single Doppler radar during convective events
Authors: Samos Ioannis , Flocas Helena , Louka Petroula , Gofa Flora , Emmanouil Antonios 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe use of meteorological radars in monitoring current weather conditions is crucial regarding the observation of the evolution and dissipation of thunderstorms. Thus, Doppler velocities being measured in each radar scan and velocity vectors derived from Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models—that are usually not as highly resolving as radar scans—are combined, as a monitoring utility during the evolution of a convective weather event. The objective of this study is to develop a new method that allows the implementation of a thunderstorm movement velocity estimation technique combining block matching and optical flow techniques. This new method constitutes a nowcasting (NWC) application that enables the use of a single Doppler radar without the need of using NWPs. The method relies on the estimation of the thunderstorm movement vector velocities (Doppler velocity) for each constant altitude plan position indicator (CAPPI) and through correction for aliasing errors to obtain 3D vector velocity fields for convective systems. The performance of the method is evaluated for selected case studies of convective thunderstorms under different synoptic scale conditions over Greece, a geographical area with challenges in forecasting due to its sharp relief and the need for optimization of the use of radar products.
Leitunterscheidungen pandemischer Humandifferenzierung. Eine Chronik
Authors: Hirschauer Stefan , Terjung Clara 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Aufsatz untersucht die Corona-Pandemie in der Theorieperspektive der Humandifferenzierung. Er stellt im Format einer Chronik den zeitgeschichtlichen Wandel der Leitunterscheidungen und sprachlichen Kategorien für Menschen dar, die sich im Verlauf von drei Jahren der Pandemie etablierten. Im Zentrum des Interesses steht der Übergang von der Differenzierung Infizierter und Nicht-Infizierter (d. h. Gefährder und Gefährdeter) zu jener von Geimpften und Ungeimpften sowie die kategorialen Verzweigungen dieser beiden Leitunterscheidungen. Diese Analyse des ethnosemantischen Wandels gibt Einblick in die Neustrukturierung der „socio-mental maps“ während der Pandemie. Der Beitrag rekonstruiert zuerst die Entwicklung der Leitunterscheidungen sowie die semantische Verschiebung ihrer Kategorien. Es folgt eine Analyse, wie das Problem der Identifizierung der Infizierten gesellschaftlich bearbeitet wurde, von der Fremddetektion in Laboratorien über den häuslichen Selbsttest bis zur Zertifizierung an öffentlichen Passagepunkten. Den dritten Fokus bildet das Spezialverfahren der Triage. Die These des Beitrags lautet, dass die tiefgreifende Restrukturierung des gesellschaftlichen Personals während der Corona-Pandemie ihr Bezugsproblem in einem für Humandifferenzierungen ganz untypischen tiefen Unwissen über die neuen kategorialen Zuordnungen sowie deren hochgradige Ambiguität hatte.
New insights in ubiquitin-dependent Wnt receptor regulation in tumorigenesis
Authors: Tsukiyama Tadasuke 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWnt signaling plays a crucial role in embryonic development and homeostasis maintenance. Delicate and sensitive fine-tuning of Wnt signaling based on the proper timings and positions is required to balance cell proliferation and differentiation and maintain individual health. Therefore, homeostasis is broken by tissue hypoplasia or tumor formation once Wnt signal dysregulation disturbs the balance of cell proliferation. The well-known regulatory mechanism of Wnt signaling is the molecular reaction associated with the cytoplasmic accumulation of effector β-catenin. In addition to β-catenin, most Wnt effector proteins are also regulated by ubiquitin-dependent modification, both qualitatively and quantitatively. This review will explain the regulation of the whole Wnt signal in four regulatory phases, as well as the different ubiquitin ligases and the function of deubiquitinating enzymes in each phase. Along with the recent results, the mechanism by which RNF43 negatively regulates the surface expression of Wnt receptors, which has recently been well understood, will be detailed. Many RNF43 mutations have been identified in pancreatic and gastrointestinal cancers and examined for their functional alteration in Wnt signaling. Several mutations facilitate or activate the Wnt signal, reversing the RNF43 tumor suppressor function into an oncogene. RNF43 may simultaneously play different roles in classical multistep tumorigenesis, as both wild-type and mutant RNF43 suppress the p53 pathway. We hope that the knowledge obtained from further research in RNF43 will be applied to cancer treatment in the future despite the fully unclear function of RNF43.
Association between patent foramen ovale and migraine: evidence from a resting-state fMRI study
Authors: Tang Yusha , Sun Huaiqiang , Plummer Chris , Vogrin Simon J , Li Hua , Li Yajiao , Chen Lei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA relationship between migraine without aura (MO) and patent foramen ovale (PFO) has been observed, but the neural basis underlying this relationship remains elusive. Utilizing independent component analysis via functional magnetic resonance imaging, we examined functional connectivity (FC) within and across networks in 146 patients with MO (75 patients with and 71 patients without PFO) and 70 healthy controls (35 patients each with and without PFO) to elucidate the individual effects of MO and PFO, as well as their interaction, on brain functional networks. The main effect of PFO manifested exclusively in the FC among the visual, auditory, default mode, dorsal attention and salience networks. Furthermore, the interaction effect between MO and PFO was discerned in brain clusters of the left frontoparietal network and lingual gyrus network, as well as the internetwork FC between the left frontoparietal network and the default mode network (DMN), the occipital pole and medial visual networks, and the dorsal attention and salience networks. Our findings suggest that the presence of a PFO shunt in patients with MO is accompanied by various FC changes within and across networks. These changes elucidate the intricate mechanisms linked to PFO-associated migraines and provide a basis for identifying novel noninvasive biomarkers.
Alpha-spinasterol in the roots of Impatiens glandulifera and its effects on the viability of human cells
Authors: Vrchotová Naděžda , Doudová Lenka , Bednář Jan , Tříska Jan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe roots ofImpatiens glanduliferabelong to plants, or part of plants with a high content of α-spinasterol. Chromatographic analysis of roots hexane extract using GC–MS revealed that α-spinasterol is the dominant substance in the freeze-dried roots ofImpatiens glanduliferaand its content reaches ca. 1 wt%. When the hexane extracts are concentrated, α-spinasterol crystals fall out in the form of tiny needles, so the isolation of this substance from the roots ofImpatiens glanduliferais very easy. Regarding the easy isolation and usage of phytosterols as anticancer and antimicrobial agents, cytotoxicity tests were performed using hepatic Hep G2 cells and blood HL-60 cells. Since hexane is an organic solvent, the cytotoxicity of the used hexane concentrations was measured, too.Graphical abstract
Quarries as Places of Significance in the Lower Paleolithic Holy Triad of Elephants, Water, and Stone
Authors: Finkel Meir , Barkai Ran 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHuman dependency on stone has its origins in Lower Paleolithic times, and some of the most primordial elements in human-stone relationships are rooted in those early days. In this paper, we focus our attention on extensive Paleolithic stone quarries discovered and studied in the Galilee, Israel. We propose a triadic model that connects stone outcrops, elephants, and water bodies to shed light on what made stone quarries places of significance, beginning in the Lower Paleolithic, and continuing throughout the ages.
Vitamin B12 deficiency in diabetic patients treated with metformin: A narrative review
Authors: Al Zoubi Mazhar Salim , Al Kreasha Rasha , Aqel Sarah , Saeed Ahmad , Al-Qudimat Ahmad R. , Al-Zoubi Raed M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMetformin is the most prescribed oral hypoglycemic drug and is considered by many health practitioners as the first-line treatment for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is used either as a monotherapy or adjuvant to other anti-hyperglycemic agents. Most of its side effects are usually mild and self-limiting. However, several studies have shown an association between the use of metformin and low vitamin B12 levels in diabetic patients. The current review aimed to provide a literature review of the current published reports on the association, the possible mechanisms, and the related individualized risk factors that might lead to this incidence. The most accepted mechanism of the effect of metformin on vitamin B12 level is related to the absorption process where metformin antagonism of the calcium cation and interference with the calcium-dependent IF-vitamin B12 complex binding to the ileal cubilin receptor. In addition, many risk factors have been associated with the impact of metformin on vitamin B12 levels in diabetic patients such as dose and duration where longer durations showed a greater prevalence of developing vitamin B12 deficiency. Male patients showed lower levels of vitamin B12 compared to females. Black race showed a lower prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in metformin-treated patients. Moreover, chronic diseases including T2DM, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, polycystic ovary disease (PCOD), obesity, and metformin therapy were significantly associated with increased risk of vitamin B12 deficiency.
Graphical abstract
Metformin impacts vitamin B12 by (A) inhibiting calcium-dependent IF-B12 binding. (B) Prolonged use raises deficiency risk. (C) Males have lower B12 levels than females. (D) Black individuals show lower deficiency rates. (E) Conditions like T2DM, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, PCOD, obesity, and metformin use heighten deficiency risk.
Seek and you shall find: Yersinia enterocolitica in Ireland’s drinking water
Authors: Powell James , Daly Maureen , O’Connell Nuala H. , Dunne Colum P. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Three Yersinia species were identified from samples of drinking water from diverse geographic regions of Ireland. Conventional commercial biochemical identification systems classified them as Yersinia enterocolitica. Since this organism is the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in some countries, further investigation was warranted. The aim of the study was to provide a microbial characterisation of three Yersinia species, to determine their pathogenicity, and to review the incidence rate of Yersinia enterocolitica detection in our region.

Methods
Organism identification was performed using conventional commercial diagnostic systems MALDI-TOF, API 20E, API 50CHE, TREK Sensititre GNID and Vitek 2 GN, and whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed. Historical data for detections was extracted from the lab system for 2008 to 2023.

Results
All three isolates gave “good” identifications of Yersinia enterocolitica on conventional systems. Further analysis by WGS matched two of the isolates with recently described Yersinia proxima, and the third was a member of the non-pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica clade 1Aa.

Discussion
Our analysis of these three isolates deemed them to be Yersinia species not known currently to be pathogenic, but determining this necessitated the use of next-generation sequencing and advanced bioinformatics. Our work highlights the importance of having this technology available to public laboratories, either locally or in a national reference laboratory. The introduction of molecular technologies for the detection of Yersinia species may increase the rate of detections. Accurate identification of significant pathogens in environmental, public health and clinical microbiology laboratories is critically important for the protection of society.
Prognostic role of quantitative [18F]FDG PET/CT parameters in adrenocortical carcinoma
Authors: Schlötelburg Wiebke , Hartrampf Philipp E. , Kosmala Aleksander , Fuss Carmina T. , Serfling Sebastian E. , Buck Andreas K. , Schirbel Andreas , Kircher Stefan , Hahner Stefanie , Werner Rudolf A. , Fassnacht Martin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to evaluate the prognostic potential of baseline [18F]FDG PET/CT for overall survival (OS) in patients with adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC).

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of 67 treatment-naïve ACC patients with available [18F]FDG PET/CT at time of initial diagnosis. Pretherapeutic PETs of primary tumors were manually segmented and quantitative parameters (maximum/mean/peak standardized uptake value (SUVmax/mean/peak), metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and tumor lesion glycolysis (TLG, defined as TV*SUVmean) were derived. Based on a visual read, absence (M0) or presence of metastatic disease (M1) were evaluated. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to determine the prognostic value of the above mentioned markers on overall survival adjusted for established prognostic markers.

Results
24/67 patients (36%) presented with M0 based on PET/CT, while the remaining 43/67 (64%) had M1-status. 32/67 patients died during follow-up and median OS was 48 months. In 12% of patients FDG-PET detected additional metastatic lesion not clearly visible by CT only. In univariable analysis, all quantitatively derived PET parameters failed to reach significance (P ≥ 0.1), and only PET/CT-based M1-status and Ki-67 were associated with increased mortality (M1: HR 13.89, 95% CI 4.15–86.32, P < 0.001; Ki-67 HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.16–1.42; P < 0.0001). Using multivariable Cox regression analyses, M1-status (HR 9.69, 95% CI 2.82–60.99) and Ki-67 index (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.13–1.04; P < 0.05) remained significant associated with OS.

Conclusion
In treatment-naïve ACC patients, the quantitative PET parameter failed to predict OS, but presence of metastases detected by [18F]FDG PET/CT and Ki-67 index were independently associated with shorter OS. Therefore, a simple visual PET-based read-out is of prognostic value at initial diagnosis, while time-consuming PET-based quantification can be omitted.
Impact of COVID-19 on the Residential Aged Care Workforce, and Workers From Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds: A Rapid Literature Review
Authors: Battams Samantha , Martini Angelita 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis literature review explores the impact of COVID-19 upon the residential aged care (RAC) workforce during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, including the workforce from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. It also considers COVID-19 related interventions for the RAC workforce. The databases ProQuest, PubMed, Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Google Scholar and Cochrane Central were searched in April and May 2022. Twenty-six studies were identified which were related to the impact of COVID-19 on the RAC workforce, including four studies on the CALD workforce. Many studies highlighted the impact of COVID-19 upon workforce shortages, workplace demands, worker wellbeing, and intention to quit the profession. The importance of workplace communication and support strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic were also underlined. Issues pertinent to the CALD workforce included understanding dementia, vaccine hesitancy and the impact of aged care, migration and labour market policies on the workforce. Workforce factors, including poor working conditions (and lack of paid leave) had a significant impact upon COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. Conversely, responding to COVID-19 impacted workforce mental health. There is a need for workforce support policies and research which consider organisational communication, work-life balance, and specific training and support needs of workers from CALD backgrounds, who comprise a significant proportion of the aged care workforce in Australia and many other countries.
Three-Dimensional Tumor Models to Study Cancer Stemness-Mediated Drug Resistance
Authors: Lamichhane Astha , Tavana Hossein 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSolid tumors often contain genetically different populations of cancer cells, stromal cells, various structural and soluble proteins, and other soluble signaling molecules. The American Cancer society estimated 1,958,310 new cancer cases and 609,820 cancer deaths in the United States in 2023. A major barrier against successful treatment of cancer patients is drug resistance. Gain of stem cell-like states by cancer cells under drug pressure or due to interactions with the tumor microenvironment is a major mechanism that renders therapies ineffective. Identifying approaches to target cancer stem cells is expected to improve treatment outcomes for patients. Most of our understanding of drug resistance and the role of cancer stemness is from monolayer cell cultures. Recent advances in cell culture technologies have enabled developing sophisticated three-dimensional tumor models that facilitate mechanistic studies of cancer drug resistance. This review summarizes the role of cancer stemness in drug resistance and highlights the various tumor models that are used to discover the underlying mechanisms and test potentially novel therapeutics.
Empirical Therapy for Invasive Candidiasis in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Bartalucci Claudia , Giacobbe Daniele Roberto , Vena Antonio , Bassetti Matteo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
In this narrative review, we discuss recent literature regarding early antifungal therapy in critically ill patients, focusing in particular on the current role of empirical antifungal treatment.

Recent Findings
While the direction of effect in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) exploring efficacy of empirical therapy in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with suspected invasive candidiasis (IC) was most frequently toward a favorable impact of empirical therapy, no formal demonstration of superiority was observed.

Summary
Main results from RCTs seem in contrast with the increased mortality reported from observational studies in case of delayed antifungal therapy in patients with IC, suggesting, in our opinion, that further research is still necessary to better delineate the precise subgroup of ICU patients with suspected IC who may benefit from early antifungal therapy, either early empirical based on risk scores or diagnostic-driven, or a combination of both.