bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Support for a hypothetical sugar-sweetened beverage tax in Taiwan
Authors: Ku Li-Jung Elizabeth , Moo Cherl Cy , Li Yueh-Chen , Chang Ya-Hui , Hsu Yuu-Hueih , Huang Yi-Chin , Lu Chin-Li , Li Chung-Yi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are drinks that contain added sugar or sweeteners and provide calories with no additional nutrients, and some countries have imposed additional taxes on the SSBs to reduce consumption, which is considered an SSB tax policy. This study used a cross-sectional online survey to examine the patterns of public support for an SSB tax in Taiwan. The sample included 1617 adults aged ≥ 20 years, who answered the survey questionnaire between May 2020 and April 2021. The respondents were recruited using convenience sampling, but sampling weights were applied to represent the Taiwanese population. Generalized ordered logit models with sampling weights were used to examine the correlates of public support for an SSB tax. Results showed that ~60% of the respondents supported the SSB tax and 47% perceived the tax to be effective. The respondents who were aware of the perceived health risks of SSBs or those who believed that one should be partly responsible for the health impact of SSBs were more likely to show support for the SSB tax. In adjusted regression models, both one’s perceived risk and perceived responsibility of SSBs were positively associated with the perceived effectiveness of the SSB tax after sociodemographic characteristics were controlled. These research findings show evidence that there is public support for implementing an SSB tax to reduce SSB consumption in Taiwan.
Optimizing emission reduction strategies in a two-echelon supply chain: a Stackelberg game perspective under cap-and-trade regulation
Authors: Zhang Weisi , Sun Lin , Wang Yongqi , Luo Xuemeng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCap-and-trade regulation is a primary market-based mechanism for controlling carbon emissions. In this framework, governments allocate carbon permits to supply chain participants, which can be exchanged either within the supply chain or externally in the broader carbon market. This research employs a Stackelberg game model to examine a two-tier supply chain, including a single supplier and manufacturer. The study explores emission reduction strategies, notably considering the manufacturer’s capital limitations under cap-and-trade. Assuming the leading manufacturer holds surplus carbon permits and the upstream supplier experiences a shortage, we evaluate the dynamics of carbon trading within the supply chain. To facilitate emission reductions and alleviate the manufacturer’s capital constraints, the two parties engage in a cost-sharing contract and supplier financing mechanism. Our findings indicate that an increase in the impact coefficient of the emission reduction rate correlates with a rise in the internal carbon price, resulting in a decrease in the sales price. Under the cost-sharing model, a higher external carbon trading price boosts the carbon emission reduction rate for both parties. The manufacturer realizes optimal profit with the supplier financing model when external carbon prices are low. However, the cost-sharing contract proves more advantageous as prices increase. The preference among these mechanisms depends on the coefficient of the emission reduction rate on the internal carbon price.
Using the common-sense model of illness representations to explore individuals’ experiences and perceptions of migraine and its management in the United Kingdom
Authors: Seage Catherine Heidi , Evans Rebecca , Scott Kayla Z , Nazir Wardah , James Delyth H 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Migraine is considered a chronic health condition that impacts both quality of life and psychological wellbeing. People with migraines use a range of management strategies, which include pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. The aim of this study was to explore individuals’ experiences and perceptions of migraines and its treatment using the Common-Sense Model (CSM) of Illness Representations.

Methods
Semi-structured, one-to-one interviews were conducted with eleven individuals with a history of migraine to explore their experiences and perceptions of migraine and its treatment. Participants were recruited from across the United Kingdom via convenience sampling using social media advertisement. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and qualitative data were analysed using theoretical framework analysis using the CSM.

Results
The three dimensions of the CSM were mapped on to the qualitative data. These were: (i) Cognitive representations of migraine, within five domains: (a) identity of migraine, (b) perceived causes, (c) perceived timeline, (d) perceived control/cure, and (e) perceived consequences; (ii) Emotional representations of migraine relating to (a) migraine specific emotions and (b) emotional representation of the impact of migraine; and (iii) Coping/self-management behaviours, namely (a) self-medicating behaviours and (b) care-seeking behaviours. No incongruous data were found; therefore, no further thematic analysis was required.

Conclusion
This is the first study to apply the CSM to migraine for framework analysis of qualitative data in this way. The findings illustrate the emotional impact of migraine and the range of illness perceptions associated with appropriate self-management. The data will be used to design a questionnaire for quantitative studies to investigate the extent to which these perceptions are generalizable to the wider population of people who experience migraines.
Microbial responses to long-term warming differ across soil microenvironments
Authors: Liu Xiao Jun A , Han Shun , Frey Serita D , Melillo Jerry M , Zhou Jizhong , DeAngelis Kristen M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Soil carbon loss is likely to increase due to climate warming, but microbiomes and microenvironments may dampen this effect. In a 30-year warming experiment, physical protection within soil aggregates affected the thermal responses of soil microbiomes and carbon dynamics. In this study, we combined metagenomic analysis with physical characterization of soil aggregates to explore mechanisms by which microbial communities respond to climate warming across different soil microenvironments. Long-term warming decreased the relative abundances of genes involved in degrading labile compounds (e.g. cellulose), but increased those genes involved in degrading recalcitrant compounds (e.g. lignin) across aggregate sizes. These changes were observed in most phyla of bacteria, especially for Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, and Planctomycetes. Microbial community composition was considerably altered by warming, leading to declined diversity for bacteria and fungi but not for archaea. Microbial functional genes, diversity, and community composition differed between macroaggregates and microaggregates, indicating the essential role of physical protection in controlling microbial community dynamics. Our findings suggest that microbes have the capacity to employ various strategies to acclimate or adapt to climate change (e.g. warming, heat stress) by shifting functional gene abundances and community structures in varying microenvironments, as regulated by soil physical protection.
A new species of Ctenomys (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae) from the pre-Andean regions of Mendoza Province, Argentina
Authors: Tammone Mauro N 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The genus Ctenomys (Rodentia: Hystricomorpha) includes an impressive diversity of species, all of which have evolved in southern South America. The number of recognized species is currently approaching 70. During the last few decades, taxonomic revisions and new field collections have resulted in both the description of new species and the synonymization of others, suggesting that much of the alpha taxonomy of Ctenomys remains unresolved, particularly when considering the vast areas of distribution that are still unsampled. Both phylogeographic patterns and the fossil record suggest that the Andean Cordillera has played a critical role in the diversification of the genus. Building upon recent, intensive field sampling in the Andean and pre-Andean regions of southern Mendoza Province, I integrated molecular and morphological data to evaluate the taxonomic status of populations of Ctenomys in this region. These analyses revealed a taxonomically-diverse Ctenomys assemblage within which here I provide the description for a new species. Available data indicate that this new species is endemic to southern portions of Mendoza Province, a geographic region that represents the confluence of 3 lineages ‘magellanicus,’ ‘maulinus,’ and ‘mendocinus,’ and that it is thus an area of particular importance for the conservation of these rodents.
The customer is always right? Corporate client influence and women’s attainment in large US law firms
Authors: Kay Fiona M , Gorman Elizabeth H 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Drawing on resource dependence and new institutional theories, this article examines the impact of corporate clients on the representation of women among associates and partners of large US law firms. We investigate the influence of women in corporate executive positions, women corporate chief legal officers, and clients who join in collective efforts to advocate for law firm diversity, as well as the role of power and dependence in client–firm relationships. We use longitudinal data on 665 law offices from the 2005 and 2010 editions of the NALP Directory of Legal Employers and incorporate client characteristics from the 2005 National Law Journal client list. We find that women executives among a firm’s corporate clients are linked to greater representation of women among law firm associates, but we observe no effects among partners, and scant effects of client participation in a key collective advocacy effort. Firm independence from client power is negatively linked to gender diversity among associates, while client independence from firm power is positively associated with women’s representation at both the associate and partner levels. In addition, firm independence from client power weakens the influence of female and activist corporate leaders on gender diversity in the case of associates but strengthens their influence in the case of partners.
Child marriage and displacement: A qualitative study of displaced and host populations in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Hunersen Kara , Jeffery Allison , Karim Luqman S , Gambir Katherine , Metzler Janna , Zedan Ali , Robinson W Courtland 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Though displaced populations face exacerbated challenges that are associated with increased rates of child marriage, little research has elucidated the reasons behind such phenomena. The present study qualitatively explores the drivers and consequences of child marriage among Syrian refugee, Iraqi internally displaced, and host communities in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Specifically, it explores how vulnerabilities in displaced groups impact child marriage decision-making and how the host communities respond to and interact with shifting child marriage customs. Qualitative results demonstrated how child marriage drivers intersect on socioecological levels with a prominent undercurrent of gender inequality that affects marriage expectations. Though participants discussed similar drivers and consequences of child marriage, there was discordance in how those drivers influence child marriage in displaced and host populations. Integration of humanitarian sectors around prevention of child marriage, along with support for married girls, is necessary considering the current context of protracted displacement in the region.
Open repair of transverse cervical pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Dahman Mohammed , Abusulayman Lina , Alharbi Norah , Joueidi Faisal , Abdulrahim Omer , Al-Omran Mohammed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A 40-year-old woman was referred to the vascular surgery clinic complaining of right shoulder pain and swelling secondary to blunt trauma 4 months ago. Computed tomography angiography showed a partially thrombosed supraclavicular pseudoaneurysm adjacent to the subclavian artery measuring 4.5 × 4 × 3.1 cm. Open repair surgery with resection of the pseudoaneurysm was successfully performed without injury to the capsule. Patient was stable and discharged 2 days later with no complications.
Pediatric case of atypical spindle cell/pleomorphic lipomatous tumor within the vastus lateralis muscle
Authors: Iseed Ramez , Stanford Lowry 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This report presents a rare case of an atypical spindle cell/pleomorphic lipomatous tumor in a 13-year-old male patient. The tumor, located within the vastus lateralis muscle, was successfully resected, and the patient is currently under follow-up.
Mahler’s Symphony No. 1 in the Centre and on the Periphery
Authors: Batstone Leah 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Following the end of his tenure with the Vienna Philharmonic in 1901, Gustav Mahler conducted more concerts than ever outside the imperial capital, including two performances of his Symphony No. 1 as part of the Philharmonic Society of Lemberg’s first season in 1903. In Lemberg, today the city of Lviv in western Ukraine, the symphony received an overall favourable and, perhaps unknowingly, perceptive critical reception, in contrast to the notoriously harsh reviews penned by critics in Vienna three years earlier. As a means of exploring such different responses in the centre and on the periphery of the Habsburg empire, I suggest that a common language of pluralities, which Mahler shared with the region of Galicia’s quotidian heterogeneity and emerging modernist movements, allowed the Leopolitan public to be ahead of Vienna in their openness to the early modernist modes of expression that would soon dominate European culture.
The effect of pseudoknot base pairing on cotranscriptional structural switching of the fluoride riboswitch
Authors: Hertz Laura M , White Elise N , Kuznedelov Konstantin , Cheng Luyi , Yu Angela M , Kakkaramadam Rivaan , Severinov Konstantin , Chen Alan , Lucks Julius B 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A central question in biology is how RNA sequence changes influence dynamic conformational changes during cotranscriptional folding. Here we investigated this question through the study of transcriptional fluoride riboswitches, non-coding RNAs that sense the fluoride anion through the coordinated folding and rearrangement of a pseudoknotted aptamer domain and a downstream intrinsic terminator expression platform. Using a combination of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase in vitro transcription and cellular gene expression assays, we characterized the function of mesophilic and thermophilic fluoride riboswitch variants. We showed that only variants containing the mesophilic pseudoknot function at 37°C. We next systematically varied the pseudoknot sequence and found that a single wobble base pair is critical for function. Characterizing thermophilic variants at 65°C through Thermus aquaticus RNA polymerase in vitro transcription showed the importance of this wobble pair for function even at elevated temperatures. Finally, we performed all-atom molecular dynamics simulations which supported the experimental findings, visualized the RNA structure switching process, and provided insight into the important role of magnesium ions. Together these studies provide deeper insights into the role of riboswitch sequence in influencing folding and function that will be important for understanding of RNA-based gene regulation and for synthetic biology applications.
DEGRONOPEDIA: a web server for proteome-wide inspection of degrons
Authors: Szulc Natalia A , Stefaniak Filip , Piechota Małgorzata , Soszyńska Anna , Piórkowska Gabriela , Cappannini Andrea , Bujnicki Janusz M , Maniaci Chiara , Pokrzywa Wojciech 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
E3 ubiquitin ligases recognize substrates through their short linear motifs termed degrons. While degron-signaling has been a subject of extensive study, resources for its systematic screening are limited. To bridge this gap, we developed DEGRONOPEDIA, a web server that searches for degrons and maps them to nearby residues that can undergo ubiquitination and disordered regions, which may act as protein unfolding seeds. Along with an evolutionary assessment of degron conservation, the server also reports on post-translational modifications and mutations that may modulate degron availability. Acknowledging the prevalence of degrons at protein termini, DEGRONOPEDIA incorporates machine learning to assess N-/C-terminal stability, supplemented by simulations of proteolysis to identify degrons in newly formed termini. An experimental validation of a predicted C-terminal destabilizing motif, coupled with the confirmation of a post-proteolytic degron in another case, exemplifies its practical application. DEGRONOPEDIA can be freely accessed at degronopedia.com.
Radiogenomic biomarkers for immunotherapy in glioblastoma: A systematic review of magnetic resonance imaging studies
Authors: Ghimire Prajwal , Kinnersley Ben , Karami Golestan , Arumugam Prabhu , Houlston Richard , Ashkan Keyoumars , Modat Marc , Booth Thomas C 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Immunotherapy is an effective “precision medicine” treatment for several cancers. Imaging signatures of the underlying genome (radiogenomics) in glioblastoma patients may serve as preoperative biomarkers of the tumor-host immune apparatus. Validated biomarkers would have the potential to stratify patients during immunotherapy clinical trials, and if trials are beneficial, facilitate personalized neo-adjuvant treatment. The increased use of whole genome sequencing data, and the advances in bioinformatics and machine learning make such developments plausible. We performed a systematic review to determine the extent of development and validation of immune-related radiogenomic biomarkers for glioblastoma.

Methods
A systematic review was performed following PRISMA guidelines using the PubMed, Medline, and Embase databases. Qualitative analysis was performed by incorporating the QUADAS 2 tool and CLAIM checklist. PROSPERO registered: CRD42022340968. Extracted data were insufficiently homogenous to perform a meta-analysis.

Results
Nine studies, all retrospective, were included. Biomarkers extracted from magnetic resonance imaging volumes of interest included apparent diffusion coefficient values, relative cerebral blood volume values, and image-derived features. These biomarkers correlated with genomic markers from tumor cells or immune cells or with patient survival. The majority of studies had a high risk of bias and applicability concerns regarding the index test performed.

Conclusions
Radiogenomic immune biomarkers have the potential to provide early treatment options to patients with glioblastoma. Targeted immunotherapy, stratified by these biomarkers, has the potential to allow individualized neo-adjuvant precision treatment options in clinical trials. However, there are no prospective studies validating these biomarkers, and interpretation is limited due to study bias with little evidence of generalizability.
Rural-urban Differences in Long-term Mortality and Readmission Following COVID-19 Hospitalization, 2020 to 2023
Authors: Yousufuddin Mohammed , Mahmood Maryam , Barkoudah Ebrahim , Badr Fatimazahra , Khandelwal Kanika , Manyara Warren , Sharma Umesh , Abdalrhim Ahmed D , Issa Meltiady , Bhagra Sumit , Murad Mohammad H 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
We compared long-term mortality and readmission rates after COVID-19 hospitalization based on rural-urban status and assessed the impact of COVID-19 vaccination introduction on clinical outcomes by rurality.

Methods
The study comprised adults hospitalized for COVID-19 at 17 hospitals in 4 US states between March 2020 and July 2022, followed until May 2023. The main analysis included all patients, whereas a sensitivity analysis focused on residents from 4 states containing 17 hospitals. Additional analyses compared the pre- and postvaccination periods.

Results
The main analysis involved 9325 COVID-19 hospitalized patients: 31% were from 187 rural counties in 31 states; 69% from 234 urban counties in 44 states; the mean age was 65 years (rural, 66 years; urban, 64 years); 3894 women (rural, 41%; urban, 42%); 8007 Whites (rural, 87%; urban, 83%); 1738 deaths (rural, 21%; urban, 17%); and 2729 readmissions (rural, 30%; urban, 29%). During a median follow-up of 602 days, rural residence was associated with a 22% higher all-cause mortality (log-rank, P &lt; .001; hazard ratio, 1.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.34, P &lt; .001), and a trend toward a higher readmission rate (log-rank, P = .038; hazard ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, .98-1.15; P = .130). The results remained consistent in the sensitivity analysis and in both pre- and postvaccination time periods.

Conclusions and Relevance
Patients from rural counties experienced higher mortality and tended to be readmitted more frequently following COVID-19 hospitalization over the long term compared with those from urban counties, a difference that remained even after the introduction of COVID-19 vaccines.
Four Quartets: Criticism in a New Key
Authors: Burns William 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Many passages in T. S. Eliot’s Four Quartets (1943) are frequently described as ‘prosaic’ and sometimes even directly categorized as ‘prose’. In exploring what might thus be called Eliot’s mimesis of prose style, I consider what it might mean for the poem’s relationship to other forms of discursive writing, chiefly the kind of specialist discourse with which poetry, by the time Four Quartets was first published as a whole, was most frequently in contact: literary criticism. Whereas previous approaches have viewed the poem’s discursiveness as a form of exposition, or otherwise as expressing a newly sceptical relationship to poetry, I suggest that these so-called ‘antipoetic’ passages are actually anticritical, insofar as they serve to radically qualify the claims of academic interpretation, while conversely affording a greater role to an earlier mode of reading displaced by the institutionalisation of literary criticism: judgement. In this way, Four Quartets demands that we temporarily suspend our modern allegiance to interpretation as a means of participating in the Christianized sensus communis that the poem projects for us. In concluding, I ask whether this is a practice of reading that we can ultimately assent to, that is, whether the poem’s mysticism is compatible with professionalized literary study.
How do countries shift their export specialization? The role of technological capabilities and industrial policy in Ireland, Spain and Sweden (1995–2018)
Authors: Anzolin Guendalina , Benassi Chiara 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article contributes to the Comparative Political Economy discourse on countries’ export specialization transitions. While current growth model literature often highlights producer coalitions’ influence, we present a complementary perspective emphasizing industrial policies. These policies, we argue, are not solely shaped by politics but are also deeply influenced by sectoral technological capabilities. By strategically engaging in both demand and supply-side sectoral innovation processes, industrial policies deepen existing technological capabilities with spillover effects into new sectors or foster new sector-specific capabilities. Our empirical analysis comprises two main steps. First, we create export profiles for eight European nations, using OECD TiVA data from 1995 to 2018. These profiles are categorized based on their technological and innovation content. Second, we identify significant shifts in export structures within Ireland, Sweden and Spain. Through thorough case studies, we illustrate the role of industrial policies in cultivating sector-specific technological capabilities.