bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of airborne bacteria in the indoor of public-use facilities concentrated on influencing factors and opportunistic pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Lee Hyesoo , Lee Bong Gu , Kim Yea Joon , Shim Joo Eun , Yeo Min-Kyeong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFor public-use facilities in urban centers with high occupancy, it is imperative to effectively manage opportunistic pathogenic bacteria due to the diverse range of users, including the immunocompromised population, such as the elderly, children. Therefore, we investigated the concentration of airborne bacteria at several public-use facilities in urban centers in South Korea. The level of total airborne bacteria in the facilities was positively correlated with user density and CO2 levels. Notably, subway compartments demonstrated particularly high levels of airborne bacteria. Subway compartments and daycare centers contained opportunistic pathogenic bacteria associated with antibiotic resistance. The relative abundance of genera associated with these species showed minor differences by season and facility; the genera Klebsiella and Staphylococcus showed high relative abundance in subway compartments and daycare centers, respectively. Based on our findings, we recommend enhancing management strategies targeting opportunistic pathogenic bacteria related to antibiotic resistance in the air of subway compartments and daycare centers.
Association Between Automated 3D Measurement of Coronary Luminal Narrowing and Risk of Future Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Candreva Alessandro , Lodi Rizzini Maurizio , Calò Karol , Pagnoni Mattia , Munhoz Daniel , Chiastra Claudio , Aben Jean-Paul , Fournier Stephane , Muller Olivier , De Bruyne Bernard , Collet Carlos , Gallo Diego , Morbiducci Umberto 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study focuses on identifying anatomical markers with predictive capacity for long-term myocardial infarction (MI) in focal coronary artery disease (CAD). Eighty future culprit lesions (FCL) and 108 non-culprit lesions (NCL) from 80 patients underwent 3D quantitative coronary angiography. The minimum lumen area (MLA), minimum lumen ratio (MLR), and vessel fractional flow reserve (vFFR) were evaluated. MLR was defined as the ratio between MLA and the cross-sectional area at the proximal lesion edge, with lower values indicating more abrupt luminal narrowing. Significant differences were observed between FCL and NCL in MLR (0.41 vs. 0.53, p < 0.001). MLR correlated inversely with translesional vFFR (r =  − 0.26, p = 0.0004) and was the strongest predictor of MI at 5 years (AUC = 0.75). Lesions with MLR < 0.40 had a fourfold increased MI incidence at 5 years. MLR is a robust predictor of future adverse coronary events.
Graphical Abstract
The minimum lumen ratio (MLR) is defined as the ratio between the minimum lumen area (MLA) and the cross-sectional area at the proximal edge of the lesion (PROXA). A lower MLR suggests a more pronounced luminal narrowing upstream of the MLA. This specific anatomical lesion characteristic correlates with higher translesional pressure gradients and has been found to be highly predictive of lesion destabilization over a 5-year period. Notably, lesions exhibiting MLR values below 0.399 were associated with a fourfold increase in the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) within the same timeframe.
Doorstroom van de gecombineerde leefstijlinterventie naar lokaal beweeg- en sportaanbod
Authors: Saat Jenneke , Bouten Judith , Schouten Sophie 
Published: March 2024

SamenvattingOm inzicht te krijgen in factoren die een rol spelen bij de doorstroom van kinderen die deelnemen aan een gecombineerde leefstijlinterventie (GLI) naar lokaal beweeg- en sportaanbod, zijn focusgroepgesprekken gehouden met zorgverleners die een GLI uitvoeren. Zowel de bevorderende als de belemmerende factoren rond de doorstroom hebben betrekking op het lokale aanbod zelf, op de motivatie van kind, ouder en zorgverleners, en op mogelijkheden wat betreft verantwoordelijkheden en beschikbare uren van zorgverleners. Professionals betrokken bij het (her)ontwerpen of uitvoeren van een GLI wordt aanbevolen zo veel mogelijk bevorderende factoren te verwerken in de protocollen van GLI’s en belemmerende factoren aan te pakken.
Germany’s 2022 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Adolescents
Authors: Demetriou Yolanda , Beck Franziska , Sturm David , Abu-Omar Karim , Forberger Sarah , Hebestreit Antje , Hohmann Andreas , Hülse Heike , Kläber Mischa , Kobel Susanne , Köhler Karsten , König Stefan , Krug Susanne , Manz Kristin , Messing Sven , Mutz Michael , Niermann Christina , Niessner Claudia , Schienkiewitz Anja , Schmidt Steffen , Schnitzius Melina , Siener Maximilian , Speer Andreas , Wagner Petra , Wäsche Hagen , Reimers Anne K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe German Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Adolescents 2022 provides a summary and a comprehensive evaluation of physical activity levels and correlated indicators using the Active Healthy Kids Canada grading framework. The 2022 German Report Card, established by the Active Healthy Kids Germany (AHK Germany) expert panel, describes to what degree German youth meets the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behavior. Additionally, distal and proximal determinants, settings, as well as strategies and investments towards improvements in physical activity were analyzed by assigning grades to the eleven Report Card indicators using established benchmarks. Most children and adolescents in Germany failed to meet the WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behavior and engaged in high sitting durations. Therefore, we assigned poor grades for Overall Physical Activity (D−) and slightly higher grades for Sedentary Behavior (C). Moderately positive scores were observed for specific physical activity behaviors such as Active Transportation (C) and Non-organized Physical Activity and Active Play (C−). Organized Sport Participation was the only behavioral indicator receiving a good grade (B−). Grades were moderately positive for Settings and Sources of Influence (Family and Friends: C; School: B−; Community and Environment: B−). For the indicators within the group of Individual Characteristics, we were able to assign a grade to Physical Fitness (D+), whereas the indicator Overweight and Obesity was not rated (INC). We also assigned an incomplete grade for the Government indicator due to the need for objective criteria for grading policies, indicating data gaps potentially crucial for future research.
Separating hard clean samples from noisy samples with samples’ learning risk for DNN when learning with noisy labels
Authors: Deng Lihui , Yang Bo , Kang Zhongfeng , Wu Jiajin , Li Shaosong , Xiang Yanping 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLearning with Noisy Labels (LNL) methods aim to improve the accuracy of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) when the training set contains samples with noisy or incorrect labels, and have become popular in recent years. Existing popular LNL methods frequently regard samples with high learning difficulty (high-loss and low prediction probability) as noisy samples; however, irregular feature patterns from hard clean samples can also cause high learning difficulty, which can lead to the misclassification of hard clean samples as noisy samples. To address this insufficiency, we propose the Samples’ Learning Risk-based Learning with Noisy Labels (SLRLNL) method. Specifically, we propose to separate noisy samples from hard clean samples using samples’ learning risk, which represents samples’ influence on DNN’s accuracy . We show that samples’ learning risk is comprehensively determined by samples’ learning difficulty as well as samples’ feature similarity to other samples, and thus, compared to existing LNL methods that solely rely on the learning difficulty, our method can better separate hard clean samples from noisy samples, since the former frequently possess irregular feature patterns. Moreover, to extract more useful information from samples with irregular feature patterns (i.e., hard samples), we further propose the Relabeling-based Label Augmentation (RLA) process to prevent the memorization of hard noisy samples and better learn the hard clean samples, thus enhancing the learning for hard samples. Empirical studies show that samples’ learning risk can identify noisy samples more accurately, and the RLA process can enhance the learning for hard samples. To evaluate the effectiveness of our method, we compare it with popular existing LNL methods on CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, Animal-10N, Clothing1M, and Docred. The experimental results indicate that our method outperforms other existing methods. The source code for SLRLNL can be found at https://github.com/yangbo1973/SLRLNL.
Mechanical properties of continuous glass fibre-reinforced composites made by material extrusion
Authors: Dong Chensong , Davies Ian J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper presents an experimental and numerical study on the mechanical properties of continuous glass fibre-reinforced composites fabricated using the material extrusion technique. Specimens with varying numbers of reinforcement layers are 3D printed using a MarkForged Mark Two printer. Both flexural and tensile tests are conducted to evaluate the performance of these specimens. In addition, a numerical modelling approach based on finite-element analysis (FEA) is developed to simulate the flexural and tensile properties of the composites. A comparison between the model predictions and experimental results reveals a reasonable agreement. The findings of this research provide valuable insights into the emerging field of continuous fibre-reinforced 3D printing technology, enabling users to design and fabricate parts that meet the specific requirements of their applications with a high level of confidence.
Dead Books
Authors: Amlinger Carolin 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag analysiert die paradoxen Dynamiken des Buchmarkts im 20. Jahrhundert, dessen Konzentration auf Beachtungserfolge zugleich zur beschleunigten Depopularisierung von literarischen Werken führt. Vergangene Popularität wird als eine strukturelle Nebenfolge unsicherer ästhetischer Märkte interpretiert, auf denen Erfolg kaum planbar ist. Ausgehend von dieser Beobachtung stellt der Beitrag die These auf, dass die beschleunigte Depopularisierung von Werken Praktiken der Repopularisierung nach sich zieht, indem ehemals erfolgreiche Werke auf Nebenmärkten erneut wertbildend positioniert werden. Am Beispiel von Buchgemeinschaften und Modernen Antiquariaten wird untersucht, wie ein Perspektivwechsel eine neue Valorisierung von Werken auf einem zweiten Markt ermöglicht. Dadurch soll gezeigt werden, dass die zeitliche Struktur der Inwertsetzung einen entscheidenden Einfluss auf die Wahrnehmung und den Wert von literarischen Werken ausübt.
Estimation of the TFP Gap for the Largest Five EMU Countries
Authors: Carstensen Kai , Kießner Felix , Rossian Thies 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper we extend the Bayesian unobserved components model of the EU Commission to estimate the cyclical component of total factor productivity (TFP gap) with a factor structure that includes a wide array of business cycle indicators. We demonstrate that this model extension considerably stabilizes the estimate of the TFP gap for the largest five EMU countries. Specifically, consider the usual autumn forecast of the EU Commission in October of a year: Using the model extension, we reduce the year-to-year revisions in the TFP gap estimates of the current year and the two previous years by up to 30 percent. Revision reductions for the two years ahead also considered by the EU Commission are quantitatively smaller (up to 10 percent) but still relevant. The results do vary across countries but are qualitatively robust with respect to different indicator sets, model specifications, and vintages considered.
Recent Advances in Redox Flow Batteries Employing Metal Coordination Complexes as Redox-Active Species
Authors: Liu Bin , Li Yiju , Jia Guocheng , Zhao Tianshou 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRedox flow batteries (RFBs) that employ sustainable, abundant, and structure-tunable redox-active species are of great interest for large-scale energy storage. As a vital class of redox-active species, metal coordination complexes (MCCs) possessing the properties of both the organic ligands and transition metal ion centers are attracting increasing attention due to the advantages of multielectron charge transfer, high structural tailorability, and reduced material crossover. Herein, we present a critical overview of RFBs that employ MCCs as redox-active materials in both aqueous and nonaqueous mediums. The progress is comprehensively summarized, including the design strategies, solubility characteristics, electrochemical properties, and battery cycling performance of MCCs. Emphasis is placed on the ligand selection and modification strategies used to tune the critical properties of MCCs, including their redox potential, solubility, cycling stability, and electron transfer redox reactions, to achieve stable cycled RFBs with a high energy density. Furthermore, we discuss the current challenges and perspectives related to the development of MCC-based RFBs for large-scale energy storage implementations.
Graphical abstract
A novel intelligent system based on machine learning for hydrochar multi-target prediction from the hydrothermal carbonization of biomass
Authors: Zhang Weijin , Zhou Junhui , Liu Qian , Xu Zhengyong , Peng Haoyi , Leng Lijian , Li Hailong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a thermochemical conversion technology to produce hydrochar from wet biomass without drying, but it is time-consuming and expensive to experimentally determine the optimal HTC operational conditions of specific biomass to produce desired hydrochar. Therefore, a machine learning (ML) approach was used to predict and optimize hydrochar properties. Specifically, biochemical components (proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates) of biomass were predicted and analyzed first via elementary composition. Then, accurate single-biomass (no mixture) based ML multi-target models (average R2 = 0.93 and RMSE = 2.36) were built to predict and optimize the hydrochar properties (yield, elemental composition, elemental atomic ratio, and higher heating value). Biomass composition (elemental and biochemical), proximate analyses, and HTC conditions were inputs herein. Interpretation of the model results showed that ash, temperature, and the N and C content of biomass were the most critical factors affecting the hydrochar properties, and that the relative importance of biochemical composition (25%) for the hydrochar was higher than that of operating conditions (19%). Finally, an intelligent system was constructed based on a multi-target model, verified by applying it to predict the atomic ratios (N/C, O/C, and H/C). It could also be extended to optimize hydrochar production from the HTC of single-biomass samples with experimental validation and to predict hydrochar from the co-HTC of mixed biomass samples reported in the literature. This study advances the field by integrating predictive modeling, intelligent systems, and mechanistic insights, offering a holistic approach to the precise control and optimization of hydrochar production through HTC.
Graphical Abstract
Effect of biochar on soil microbial community, dissipation and uptake of chlorpyrifos and atrazine
Authors: Singh Raghvendra Pratap , Yadav Ranu , Pandey Versha , Singh Anupama , Singh Mayank , Shanker Karuna , Khare Puja 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFor the application of biochar in restoring pesticide-contaminated soils and minimizing the risk associated with their uptake in plants, it is crucial to understand the biochar impact on soil biological activities and dissipation and accumulation of pesticides in plant and soil systems. In this study, the effect of Mentha-distilled waste-derived biochar was investigated on chlorpyrifos and atrazine contaminated sandy loam soil. The four application rates of atrazine (2, 4, 6, and 8 mg kg−1) and chlorpyrifos (2, 4, 6, and 12 mg kg−1) and a single application rate of biochar (4%) were used in this study. The degradation of pesticides, the diversity of the bacterial community, and enzymatic activities (alkaline phosphatase, dehydrogenase, arylsulfatase, phenol oxidase, urease activity and N-acetyl glucosaminidase) were examined in soil. The uptake of two pesticides and their effect on growth and stress parameters were also investigated in plants (A. paniculata). The dissipation of chlorpyrifos and atrazine followed simple first-order kinetics with a half-life of 6.6–74.6 and 21–145 days, respectively. The presence of deisopropyl atrazine desethyl atrazine (metabolites of atrazine) and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (a metabolite of chlorpyrifos) was observed in soil and plant tissues. Biochar application significantly (p = 0.001) enhanced the degradation rate of chlorpyrifos and atrazine leading to the lower half-life of chlorpyrifos and atrazine in soil. A significant reduction (p = 0.001) in the uptake of chlorpyrifos and atrazine and alteration in their binding affinity and uptake rate in plant tissues was observed in biochar treatments. The incorporation of biochar improved chlorpyrifos/atrazine degrader and plant growth-promoting bacterial genera such as Balneimonas, Kaistobacter, Rubrobacter, Ammoniphilus, and Bacillus. The upregulation of functional genes associated with nucleotide, energy, carbohydrate, amino acid metabolism, xenobiotic biodegradation, and metabolism: atrazine degradation was observed in biochar treatments. The biochar amendments significantly (p = 0.001) reduced the plant’s uptake velocity (Vmax) and affinity (Km) of chlorpyrifos and atrazine. These results delineated that Mentha-distilled waste-derived biochar can potentially remediate chlorpyrifos and atrazine contaminated soils and ensure the safety of plants for consumption.
Graphical Abstract
Biochar-mediated remediation of uranium-contaminated soils: evidence, mechanisms, and perspectives
Authors: Huang Fengyu , Dong Faqin , Chen Li , Zeng Yi , Zhou Lei , Sun Shiyong , Wang Zhe , Lai Jinlong , Fang Linchuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSoil contamination by uranium presents a burgeoning global environmental concern, exerting detrimental effects on both agricultural production and soil health. Biochar, a carbonaceous material derived from biomass pyrolysis, exhibits considerable potential for remediating uranium-contaminated soils. However, a comprehensive review of the effects of biochar on the fate and accumulation of uranium in soil–plant systems remains conspicuously absent. In this paper, uranium sources and contamination are reviewed, and the impact of biochar on uranium immobilization and detoxification in soil–plant systems is analyzed. We reviewed the status of uranium contamination in soils globally and found that mining activities are currently the main sources. Further meta-analysis revealed that biochar addition significantly reduced the soil uranium bioavailability and shoot uranium accumulation, and their effect value is 58.9% (40.8–76.8%) and 39.7% (15.7–63.8%), respectively. Additionally, biochar enhances the soil microenvironment, providing favourable conditions for promoting plant growth and reducing uranium mobility. We focused on the mechanisms governing the interaction between biochar and uranium, emphasising the considerable roles played by surface complexation, reduction, ion exchange, and physical adsorption. The modification of biochar by intensifying these mechanisms can promote uranium immobilisation in soils. Finally, biochar alleviates oxidative stress and reduces uranium accumulation in plant tissues, thereby mitigating the adverse effects of uranium on plant growth and development. Overall, our review highlights the capacity of biochar to remediate uranium contamination in soil–plant systems through diverse mechanisms, providing valuable insights for sustainable environmental remediation.Highlights

Biochar reduces uranium mobility through a variety of mechanisms, including surface complexation, reduction, ion exchange, and physical adsorption.

Biochar significantly reduces uranium bioavailability in soil and limits its accumulation in plants.

Modified biochar has been shown to enhance its effectiveness in immobilising uranium.

Biochar application to soil not only promotes uranium remediation but also improves soil quality.

Graphical Abstract
Microbial mechanisms of organic matter mineralization induced by straw in biochar-amended paddy soil
Authors: Liu Qi , Wu Cuiyan , Wei Liang , Wang Shuang , Deng Yangwu , Ling Wenli , Xiang Wu , Kuzyakov Yakov , Zhu Zhenke , Ge Tida 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCombined straw and straw-derived biochar input is commonly applied by farmland management in low-fertility soils. Although straw return increases soil organic matter (SOM) contents, it also primes SOM mineralization. The mechanisms by which active microorganisms mineralize SOM and the underlying factors remain unclear for such soils. To address these issues, paddy soil was amended with 13C-labeled straw, with and without biochar (BC) or ferrihydrite (Fh), and incubated for 70 days under flooded conditions. Compound-specific 13C analysis of phospholipid fatty acids (13C-PLFAs) allowed us to identify active microbial communities utilizing the 13C-labeled straw and specific groups involved in SOM mineralization. Cumulative SOM mineralization increased by 61% and 27% in soils amended with Straw + BC and Straw + Fh + BC, respectively, compared to that with straw only. The total PLFA content was independent of the straw and biochar input. However, 13C-PLFAs contents increased by 35–82% after biochar addition, reflecting accelerated microbial turnover. Compared to that in soils without biochar addition, those with biochar had an altered microbial community composition-increased amounts of 13C-labeled gram-positive bacteria (13C-Gram +) and fungi, which were the main active microorganisms mineralizing SOM. Microbial reproduction and growth were susceptible to nutrient availability. 13C-Gram + and 13C-fungi increased with Olsen P but decreased with dissolved organic carbon and $${\text{NO}}_{3}^{ - }$$

NO

3

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contents. In conclusion, biochar acts as an electron shuttle, stimulates iron reduction, and releases organic carbon from soil minerals, which in turn increases SOM mineralization. Gram + and fungi were involved in straw decomposition in response to biochar application and responsible for SOM mineralization.
Graphical Abstract