bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ad26.M.Env ZIKV vaccine protects pregnant rhesus macaques and fetuses against Zika virus infection
Authors: Martinot Amanda , Cox Freek , Abbink Peter , Hecht Jonathon , Bronson Roderick , Borducchi Erica , Rinaldi William , Ferguson Melissa , Barrera Rafael De La , Fits Leslie van der , Barouch Dan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

At the start of the Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic in 2015, ZIKV spread across South and Central America, and reached parts of the southern United States placing pregnant women at risk for fetal microcephaly, fetal loss, and other adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with congenital ZIKA syndrome (CZS). For this reason, testing of a safe and efficacious ZIKV vaccine remains a global health priority. Here we report that a single immunization with Ad26.M.Env ZIKV vaccine, when administered prior to conception, fully protects pregnant rhesus macaques from ZIKV viremia in blood and tissues with no adverse effects in dams and fetuses. Furthermore, vaccination prevents ZIKV distribution in fetal tissues including brain. ZIKV associated neuropathology was absent in offspring of Ad26.M.Env vaccinated dams, although pathology was limited in sham vaccinated controls. Vaccine efficacy is associated with induction of ZIKV neutralizing antibodies in pregnant rhesus macaques. A Phase I trial showed that Ad26.M.Env (Ad26.ZIKV.001) was safe and immunogenic in people. These data suggest the feasibility of vaccine prevention of ZCS in humans.
Single-cell electro-mechanical cytometry
Authors: Morgan Hywel , Spencer Daniel , Chen Junyu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The complex structural and molecular features of a cell lead to a set of specific dielectric and mechanical properties which can serve as intrinsic phenotypic markers that enable different cell populations to be characterised and distinguished. We have developed a novel microfluidic technique that simultaneously measures both the electrical and mechanical properties of single cells at high speed. Cells flow along a microchannel and are deformed (elongated) to different degrees by the shear force created by a viscoelastic fluid and channel wall. The electrical impedance of each cell is measured along orthogonal axes to determine the shape change and thus the electrical deformability, along with cell dielectric properties. The system performance was evaluated by measuring the electro-mechanical properties of cells treated in different ways, including osmotic shock, glutaraldehyde cross-linking and cytoskeletal disruption with cytochalasin D and latrunculin B. This novel cytometer has a throughput of ~ 100 cells s− 1 is simple, and does not require sheath flow or rely on high speed optical imaging
Public and Local Policymaker Preferences for Large-Scale Energy Project Characteristics
Authors: Caggiano Holly , Constantino Sara , Greig Chris , Weber Elke 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Rapidly building utility-scale energy infrastructure requires not only public support, but also political will across levels of government. This research explores determinants of opposition and support for large-scale energy projects among residents and local elected officials in Pennsylvania—a key transition state due its high solar potential, and where siting authority rests at the local level. This work extends prior research by using a conjoint to compare many project characteristics simultaneously, expanding the set of characteristics typically considered, sampling both the public and elected officials in a key transition state, and assessing the accuracy of public officials’ perceptions of their constituents. Using a conjoint experiment, we assess support for different characteristics of energy projects among a demographically representative sample of residents (n = 894) and a sample of local elected officials (n = 206). Key findings include that creation of permanent, union-wage jobs and cooperative community ownership increases support for energy projects and that solar projects are preferred over wind, nuclear, and natural gas power plants with carbon capture and storage. Support among both the public and local elected officials is lower when projects are owned by foreign companies. Strikingly, we find limited partisan differences in preferences for large scale renewable energy project characteristics, suggesting a promising path towards building bipartisan support for such projects. We also find, however, that local elected officials misperceive the preferences of their constituents, underestimating support for renewable energy and the importance of job creation. Given the role of local elected officials as key decision-makers regarding energy infrastructure development, their preferences and how they perceive their constituents’ preferences may dictate what types of energy projects are approved and what benefits they deliver to local communities.
Shared genetic architecture and causal relationship between the age at first sex and COVID-19: A large-scale cross-trait analysis
Authors: Ruan Zhe , Fan Zhihua , Liu Zhi , Huang Zebing , Hu Xingwang , Zhou Pengcheng , Fan Xuegong , Chen Lizhang , Zhao Shushan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

COVID-19 is genetically associated with numerous immune disorders, and young age at first intercourse (AFS) may lead to early activation of innate immunity. However, the genetic overlap between COVID-19 and AFS remains undetermined. Here we perform a large-scale cross-trait analysis to investigate their shared genetic etiology and causal relationship. An overall negative genetic correlation between the AFS and three COVID-19 traits was observed. We further identified 186, 221, and 213 shared genetic loci for AFS-COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and severity, respectively. Among these shared loci, those closest to the genes CADM2, and ARPC1B showed the strongest signals. Our post-GWAS functional analysis revealed that the shared mapped genes were mainly involved in neural genesis and development within several brain structures. Finally, bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) results showed that earlier sexual debut may increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization, and severity.
Target detection of diamond nanostructures based on improved YOLOv8 modeling
Authors: Guo Fengxiang , Guo Xinyun , Guo Lei , Wang Qinhang , Liu Shousheng , Zhang Mei , Liu Yan , Gai Zhigang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Boron-doped diamond thin films exhibit extensive applications in chemical sensing, in which functionalized nanostructures on the surfaces enhances further the performance of these films. However, targets detecting within such nanostructures faces great challenges such as noise, unclear object boundaries, and mutual occlusion, leading to inaccuracies in existing detection models. To tackle these challenges, we optimized the YOLOv8 model and introduced DWS-YOLOv8 for target detection of diamond nanostructures. The integration of the Deformable Convolutional C2f (DCN_C2f) module into the backbone network allowed adaptive adjustment of the network's receptive field. Moreover, incorporating the Shuffle Attention (SA) mechanism effectively addressed detail loss during convolutional iterations and reduced noise's impact on prediction results. Finally, leveraging Wise-IoU (WIoU) v3 as the bounding box regression loss enhanced the model's focus on diamond nanostructure samples, thereby improving localization capability. Experimental results showcase that compared to YOLOv8, our model achieves a 9.4% higher detection accuracy with reduced computational complexity. Furthermore, the recall rate (R) saw an increase of 0.6%, mAP@0.5 improved by 2.6%, and mAP@0.5:0.95 increased by 0.6%. Additionally, DWS-YOLOv8 demonstrated enhancements in precision (P), recall (R), mAP@0.5, and mAP@0.5:0.95, validating the effectiveness of our approach in enhancing target detection performance.
Causal Effect of Omega-3 on male infertility and female infertility: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Wang Yan , Chen Jiamin , Xie Zuogang , Bo Yali , wan Lingyi , Chen Wangqiang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The association between Omega-3 and human reproduction is uncertain. This Mendelian randomization (MR) study aims to examine the causal relationship between Omega-3 intake and male and female reproduction. We utilized summary statistics data from 120,550 male participants and 120,706 female participants in the FinnGen consortium. Summary statistics for Omega-3 were extracted from a genome-wide association study involving up to 445,562 participants predominantly of European ancestry. MR analysis employed established methods, including Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW), Weighted Median (WM), and MR-Egger. Genetic determination of male infertility [IVW odds ratio (OR) = 2.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.13, 42.03, P = 0.57] and female infertility [IVW odds ratio (OR) = 1.49, 95% CI = 0.13, 0.63, 3.54, P = 0.37] was not associated with Omega-3 intake. The result of MR study does not provide support for a causal impact of Omega-3 intake on male and female reproduction.
The PGPR Revolution: Empowering Porang Plant Growth with Cellulolytic-Hydrolizing, Nitrogen-Fixing, and Phosphate-Solubilizing Prodigies
Authors: Masniawati A , Johannes Eva , Yusran Yusran , Zainal Zainal , Mustopa Apon Zaenal , Manguntungi Baso , Muis Nurmuliayanti , Nurdin Muhammad Rizaldi Trias Jaya Putra , Sari Arlinda Puspita , Ariandi Ariandi , Arifin Asia , Sari Dwi Ratna , Makerra Andi Dewi Rizka Ainulia , Ikram Fadhil Zil , Ilham Muhammad , Anggara Mietra , Anwar Muh. Chaerul , Syahrir Nur Hilal A , Irlan Irlan , Ridwan Riana Anggraeny , Mutiara Ilma , Akmaliyah Rizna 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Porang rhizosphere harbors a diverse range of bacteria, which play pivotal roles in driving essential soil processes that, in turn, regulate the overall functionality of terrestrial ecosystems. This study primarily focuses on the PGPR (Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria) properties of these strains, which possess cellulolytic, nitrogen-fixing, and phosphate-solubilizing abilities. The research was carried out by isolating bacteria from the porang rhizosphere. The isolated bacteria were then tested for their ability to hydrolyze cellulose, fix nitrogen and dissolve phosphate. Apart from that, a capability test was also carried out in producing IAA. Isolate UPc22 consistently exhibited higher cellulolytic activity, as evidenced by both cellulose hydrolyzing efficiency cellulase activity and IAA production. UPn24 demonstrated the most active nitrogen-fixing activity, with consistently higher mean values for both activity efficiency and nitrogenase activity quantification. UPp36 displayed notably high phosphate-solubilization efficiency values in plate assays. In enzymatic assays, isolate UPp36 exhibited the highest activity. Based on that assays, 15 potential isolates were selected for each group. For cellulolytic bacteria, the selected isolates were similar with Rhizobium cellulosilyticum Strain H349, Paenibacillus pinihumi Strain CM6, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Strain JCM 1988, Paenibacillus cellulositrophicus Strain P-21, and Bacillus thuringiensis Strain RG17-11. For nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the chosen isolates comprise Azotobacter vinelandii Strain PWB, Delftia lacustris Strain R-54356, Bacillus subtilis Strain A14d3B, Pseudomonas stutzeri Strain DSM 5190T, and Klebsiella quasipneumoniae Strain KqPF26. For phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, the selected isolates was similar with Pseudomonas putida Strain GPo1, Bacillus magterium Strain WF6, Bacillus licheniformis Strain 51.5, Klebsiella singaporensis Strain 01A065, and Burkholderia cepacia Strain PRS.
Claudin-1 enhances chemoresistance of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells mediated by forming an amino acid barrier
Authors: Kimura Riho , Ito Ayaka , Hashimoto Shotaro , Eguchi Hiroaki , Nasako Haruka , Takashina Yui , Morikawa Yoshifumi , Suenami Koichi , Yoshino Yuta , Endo Satoshi , Matsunaga Toshiyuki , Ikari Akira 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Claudin-1 (CLDN1) is highly expressed in human lung adenocarcinoma-derived A549 cells and is involved in the augmentation of chemoresistance. However, the mechanism of chemoresistance is not fully understood. In the tumor microenvironment, cancer cells are exposed to stress conditions such as hypoxia and malnutrition. Here, we investigated the effect of CLDN1 expression on amino acid (AA) flux and chemoresistance using A549 cells. L-type AA transporters, LAT1 and LAT3, were highly expressed in three-dimensional spheroid cells compared with in two-dimensional (2D) cultured cells. The expression of these transporters was increased by AA deprivation in 2D cultured cells. The paracellular AA flux except for Ser, Thr, and Tyr was enhanced by CLDN1 silencing. The expression of AA transporters and AA contents in spheroids were decreased by CLDN1 silencing. These results suggest that CLDN1 forms a paracellular AA barrier, leading to a compensatory increase in LAT1/3 expression in spheroids. The production of reactive oxygen species in the mitochondria and cytosol was decreased by CLDN1 silencing in spheroids, resulting in downregulation of the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its target antioxidant genes. CLDN1 silencing enhanced the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin, an anthracycline antitumor agent, which was blocked by sulforaphane, an Nrf2 activator. In 2D cultured cells, the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin was attenuated by a reduction in extracellular AA concentration or treatment with sulforaphane. We suggest that CLDN1 forms an AA barrier in spheroids, leading to the augmentation of Nrf2-dependent chemoresistance in A549 cells.
Enhanced Space Debris detection and monitoring using a hybrid Bi-LSTM- CNN and Bayesian Optimization
Authors: Priyadarshini Ishaani 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Monitoring space debris is vital for ensuring the safety of space missions and satellite operations amid the increasing number of satellites and spacecraft in orbit. The study addresses this challenge by proposing a novel approach based on a hybrid Bi-LSTM-CNN architecture optimized using Bayesian Optimization. Through extensive analysis utilizing machine learning and deep learning techniques, the study develops a robust space debris detection system capable of classifying both the object type and Radar Cross Section (RCS) size. The proposed method outperforms existing approaches by demonstrating superior performance across multiple evaluation metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Moreover, the study considers the practical aspect of training time, ensuring efficiency in real-time applications. Empirical validation on real-world datasets confirms the effectiveness and efficiency of the hybrid model in accurately detecting and predicting space debris types. Overall, this research significantly advances space debris monitoring capabilities, mitigating risks associated with space exploration and satellite operations, and offers comprehensive insights into potential hazards and optimizing mitigation strategies.
Scalp cooling therapy for chemotherapy-induced hair loss in Asian patients with breast or gynecological cancers – a tertiary institution experience
Authors: Lee Victor , Loh Jerold , Hui Fu , Sundar Raghav , Tan Belinda , Chong Lee Moy , Lin Hui Ying , Ong Lay Ching , Visvanadan Nisha , Ow Samuel , Wong Andrea , Chan Gloria , Lim Siew Eng , Lim Yi Wan , Tan David , Ang Yvonne , Choo Joan , Lee Matilda , Ngoi Natalie , Lee Soo Chin , Paxman Richard , Parker Anna , Lee Yee Mei , Lim Joline 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Scalp cooling therapy (SCT) improves chemotherapy induced alopecia (CIA), but there are few published data about its efficacy in an Asian-predominant population. We report our tertiary institution experience of SCT in patients with breast or gynaecological cancers undergoing chemotherapy.
Methods
The Paxman scalp cooling system was employed for eligible women with breast or gynaecological cancers receiving anthracycline or taxane based chemotherapy. Only patients with Grade (G) 0–1 alopecia by common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE) version 4.0 were eligible initially, but patients with G2 alopecia were later included in the study. SCT was performed at each chemotherapy cycle, commencing 30 minutes prior to and continuing up to 90 minutes after completion of the drug infusion. Patients were assessed at the start and end of each session for hair preservation (defined as G0–2 alopecia) and comfort level of SCT (rated on a 5-point visual scale). The primary end point was success of hair preservation or hair regrowth after completion of all cycles of chemotherapy.
Results
83 participants were enrolled over a period of 18 months from December 2017 to October 2019, with a total of 510 scalp cooling cycles performed. 94.0% (n = 78) of patients reported a comfort score of 3 (indicating that procedure was comfortable) and above upon a 5-point visual scale. Patients receiving weekly paclitaxel had highest success in hair preservation at 76.7% (23/30 patients), with a lower rate of hair preservation observed for the 3-weekly paclitaxel regimen (50%, 2/4 patients). In contrast, only 1 patient (5.3%, 1/19 patients) who underwent chemotherapy with anthracycline and cyclophosphamide achieved hair preservation.
Conclusion
SCT is well tolerated in an Asian predominant population. Among women with breast or gynaecological cancers in Singapore receiving taxane and/or anthracycline based chemotherapy, those who underwent SCT were about 50% more likely to achieve hair preservation or hair regrowth, as compared to historical controls.
Working with a Robot in Hospital and Long-Term Care Homes : Staff experience
Authors: Ren Lily Ren Haopu , Wong Karen Lok Yi , Wong Joey , Kleiss Sarah , Berndt Annette , Mann Jim , Hussein Ali , Hu Grace , Wong Lily , Khong Ruth , Fu Jason , Ahmed Nazia , Nolte Julia , Hung Lillian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Although there is a growing literature on the use of telepresence robots in institutional dementia care settings, limited research focused on the perspectives of frontline staff members who deliver dementia care. Our objective was to understand staff perspectives on using telepresence robots to support residents with dementia and their families. Guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, we conducted four focus groups and 11 semi-structured interviews across four long-term care (LTC) homes and one hospital in Canada. We included 21 interdisciplinary staff members (e.g., registered nurses, social workers, occupational therapists, recreational therapists) to understand their experiences with telepresence robots. Thematic analysis identified three key themes: 1) Staff Training and Support; 2) Robot Features; 3) Environmental dynamics for Implementation. Our results underscore the imperative of structural support at micro-, meso- and macro-levels for staff in dementia care settings to effectively implement technology. This study contributes to future research and practice by elucidating factors facilitating staff involvement in technology research, integrating staff voices into technology implementation planning, and devising strategies to provide structural support to staff, care teams, and care homes.
Outcome and treatment of caesarean scar ectopic pregnancy under ultrasound-guided vacuum aspiration preceded by local methotrexate sac injection
Authors: Abdullah Naz Azad 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: Scar ectopic pregnancy (SEP) is the rarest form of ectopic pregnancy and has been increasingly diagnosed all over the world. This is a life-threatening form of abnormal implantation of an embryo within the myometrium and fibrous tissues in a previous scar on the uterus, especially following caesarean section (C/S).
Objective: To present cases of endogenic cesarean scar pregnancies (CSP) that were successfully treated with suction curettage under ultrasound (U/S) guide with local methotrexate (MTX) injection for viable pregnancy and its outcome.
Patients and Methods: This retrospective case series study was done in a Sulaimani Maternity Teaching Hospital as a single-centre study on 17 hemodynamically stable patients in their first trimester diagnosed with endogenic CSP through transvaginal and abdominal U/S from May 2022 to April 2023. Among patients, 4 had viable fetuses with gestational sacs injected locally with MTX under the U/S guide, followed by vacuum aspiration under the U/S guide. At the same time, five patients need intracervical balloon insertion to stop bleeding without further treatment.
Results:Most patients were aged 35 – 43 years old (52.9%) with a gestational age of 8 – 10 weeks (35.3%), resided in an urban area (58.8%), with three parities (47.1%), three previous C/S (41.2%), without last miscarriage (70.6%), missed period (58.8%), and dead fetus (76.5%). Patients with positive fetal heart (n=4) received local intrinsic MTX injection under the U/S guide, then suction curettage under the U/S guide. At the same time, those with negative fetal hearts (n=17) underwent only suction curettage under the U/S guide. Among treated women, 5 cases had an intrauterine balloon, following suction curettage to stop bleeding and only 3 instances needed blood transfusion due to the severe bleeding.
Conclusions: SEP is a dangerous and complex disorder with increasing occurrence in recent years. Accurate early diagnosis and effective management are essential to reduce maternal mortality and mortality.
A novel histone acetylation-associated gene signature with prognostic value in Ewing Sarcoma
Authors: Wu Anshun , Liu Fayin , Zhou Lei , Jiang Runyi , Yu Shangjiang , Zhou Zihuan , Zhang Qi , Zhang Qian , Jiang Dongjie , He Shaohui , Wei Haifeng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Histone acetylation is an important epigenic modification, modulating the development of many tumors. However, the functions of most Histone acetylation-related genes (HARGs) and their prognostic values in Ewing sarcoma (EWS) remain unclear. The current study aimed to investigate the prognostic values and potential functions of HARGs in EWS. After collecting EWS patients with mRNA sequencing data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and a list of HARGs from previous studies, Cox regression and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression were performed to construct a prognostic gene signature based on HARGs. Then, four HARGs (TAF4, ATF2, HDAC2 and OGA) composed a formula to calculate risk score for each patient in the training cohort. Based on median risk score, all patients were classified into low- and high-risk group, and patients with high-risk score had a poor survival outcome (P<0.001). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year AUC (0.853, 0.886 and 0.909, respectively) showed the good ability of this signature to predict the prognoses of EWS patients. In addition, distinct functional enrichment and immune-related pathways were also observed in two risk groups. All results were validated in an external cohort from two dataset in GEO database. Moreover, it was found that silencing HDAC2 expression in EWS cells significantly suppressed the cell viability and migration capability. In conclusion, this is the first study to detect the prognostic values of HARGs in EWS patients, further developing a good prognostic signature based on HARGs, and HDAC2 might be an oncogene in the development of EWS.