bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical case of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II
Authors: Buriakovska O. O. , Goncharova O. A. , Romanova I. P. 
Published: April 2024

The peculiarities of clinical symptoms and the difficulties of diagnosing have been considered on the clinical example of manifestations of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II in a young woman. Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II is a rather rare pathology, its prevalence is 1 : 20.000 cases of the population. The diagnosis of this disease is determined by the presence of insufficiency of at least two endocrine glands with mandatory adrenal insufficiency. The second component of the disease can be any autoimmune thyroid disease or type 1 diabetes mellitus, which is also autoimmune in nature, or both conditions. Adrenal insufficiency is the initial manifestation of this syndrome in approximately 50% of patients, occurs simultaneously with autoimmune thyroiditis or type 1 diabetes in 20% of patients, the remaining 30% of patients may have a different sequence of manifest components of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II. In this article, special attention is paid to the importance of careful monitoring of patients with at least one autoimmune disorder of endocrine organ. The data presents in detail a history of patient who had only type 1 diabetes and autoimmune thyroiditis for 7 years, and the manifestation of adrenal insufficiency was registered 7 years after the manifestation of the primary components of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II. The authors highlighted diagnostically significant changes in laboratory methods. The analysis has been performed for the literature data, related to the disease. The necessary to observe patients regularly for quick diagnosis and to reduce the risk of developing both immediate and delayed complications has been emphasized. Special attention should be paid to the examination of relatives of the first line of kinship among patients with the established diagnosis of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II for the presence of possible heredity.
Pelatihan Komunikasi sebagai Intervensi Pengembangan Organisasi di PT X
Authors: Marisdianti Erita 
Published: April 2024

The increase in Cost of Goods Manufactured (COGM), which means an increase in production costs, certainly has an impact on the organization, including PT. X. PT. X is a private fertilizer manufacturing company with mission is to become a growing company whose produce fertilizer at competitive prices. The increase in production costs experienced by PT. X made PT. X had to increase the selling price which caused declined sales so that the company's profit was below the specified target. After collecting data through questionnaires, interviews, observations and secondary data reviews at group level targeting Production Departement employee, namely the components of goal clarity, task structure, group composition, team function, and group norms (Cummings and Worley, 2008) it was found that the operators did not understand the target and there is no feedback on performance, so it is less focused in carrying out their work. In an order to overcome the source of the problem, communication training is carried out which aims to equalize understanding of the performance expected by the company and understand the needs or obstacles experienced by employees as mentioned by Agarwal and Garg (2012), that communication is a process of exchanging information, thoughts and feelings between individuals in a group, or in other words communication plays a fundamental role in aligning individual goals (employees) with the organization.
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL DENGAN KECEMASAN PADA ANAK BERHADAPAN HUKUM (ABH) DI LEMBAGA PEMBINAAN KHUSUS ANAK (LPKA) KELAS 1 BLITAR
Authors: Hermawan Mochammad Rizki 
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between social support and anxiety in Children Against the Law at LPKA class 1 Blitar. This analysis uses the independent variable social support. The dependent variable is anxiety. This research is a type of quantitative research using correlational quantitative methods. The sampling technique in this study used the sampel jenuh method where all populations were used as a whole. with a sample of 61 children facing the law. The subjects in this study were children facing the law aged 14-18 years and. The instruments in this study are the Social Support scale and the anxiety scale. The data analysis technique uses spearman’s rho non parametric correlation test analysis with the help of SPSS version 16.0 for Windows. The correlation coefficient result is -0.832 which shows that the level of correlation coefficient in this study has a negative relationship, with a significance level of 0.000 (p = <0.05). This means that the higher the level of social support owned by ABH, the lower the ABH will experience anxiety. Conversely, if the lower the social support
تحليل المتغيرات الهيدرولوجية لأحواض التصريف غرب محافظة البصرة باستخدام التقانات الجغرافية الحديثة
Authors: عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي محمد , جبار شنيت المالكي نور الهدى 
Published: April 2024

تم دراسة هيدروجيومورفولوجي للأودية الجافة باستخدام التقانات الجغرافية الحديثة (نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS) والتحسس النائي (RS) ) ، الذي تقع جغرافيا في الجزء الغربي من العراق جنوب غرب محافظة البصرة ،إدارياً تابعة الى محافظة البصرة تحدها من الشمال محافظة ذي قار ومن الغرب محافظة المثنى ومن الجنوب الكويت ومن الشرق مركز محافظة البصرة .اما فلكياً فهي تقع بين دائرتي عرض( 29.10.0 ْ – 30.40.0 ْ ) شمالاً، وبين خطي طول ( 46.30.0 ْ – 47.50.0 ْ) شرقاً، واحتل مساحة قدرها (10192 كم2) . والذي تتكون من تسعة أحواض تجري مع الاتجاه العام للانحدار من الجنوب الغربي نحو الشمال الشرقي وبذلك تقع مناخياً ضمن اقليم العراق الجاف وشبه الجاف، وتجري فيها المياه خلال موسم التساقط المطري من السنة. وتم اعتماد التقانات الحديثة المتمثلة بنظم المعلومات الجغرافية والتحسس النائي في تفسير وتحليل المرئيات الفضائية ونموذج الارتفاع الرقمي (DEM) . للحصول على الخرائط الجيولوجية وخرائط السطح ومنها الانحدارات واتجاهاتها للأحواض المائية ، والتي ساعدت على رسم الخارطة الجيومورفولوجية للمنطقة . وتشير الدراسة الى التعرف على اهم المؤهلات الوسط الطبيعي لأحواض التصريف التي تمكن من استغلال الموارد الطبيعية والتي تمثلت العوامل الطبيعية بالبنية الجيولوجية والتضاريس والمناخ والتربة والمياه الجوفية والنبات الطبيعي وتباين تأثير هذه العوامل الطبيعية في الأحواض .
الزيادة الطبيعية وأثرها في معدلات نمو سكان محافظة واسط
Authors: جودي دحام سليمة 
Published: April 2024

تقوم هذه الدراسة على توضيح تأثير الزيادة الطبيعية ( الولادات والوفيات ) على معدلات النمو لسكان محافظة واسط , ولأن محافظة واسط واحدة من محافظات العراق التي شهدت تبايناً مكانياً وزمانيا في معدلات النمو السكاني وذلك نتيجة لتأثير العوامل الطبيعية والحركة المكانية.
وقد تم دراسة معدل المواليد الخام ومعدل الوفيات الخام ومعدل الزيادة الطبيعية الناتجة عن كل من معدل الولادات والوفيات باستخدام الصيغ الرياضية وذلك بالاعتماد على البيانات التي تم الحصول عليها من مكاتب الولادات والوفيات ومكاتب الإحصاء في المستشفيات العامة .
وقد اتخذت الدراسة ثلاثة أعوام لدراسة معدل الزيادة الطبيعية وعناصرها تمثلت بعام 1997 و2007 و 2017 . ، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى أنَّ معدل الزيادة الطبيعية تباين تبايناً مكانياً على مستوى الوحدات الإدارية وزمانياً أثناء مدة الدراسة بسبب التباين الحاصل في معدل الولادات والوفيات حيث ان معدل الزيادة الطبيعية يتجه نحو الانخفاض وهذا ماتشير اليه نتائج الزيادة الطبيعية في عام 2017.
Unfortunately, for now we aren’t the gods of time!..
Authors: Ashursky Emir E. 
Published: April 2024

This article is devoted to the overthrow of the idle conjectures of sci-fi writers (and after them some romantically minded astrophysicists), one way or another relating to the notorious time travel. Wherein primary attention here is paid to proof of the absolute conceptual prohibition on moving into the past. After all, according to author’s count, lots of fabrications of the human intelligence are by no means equivalent to the quantity of objects of the so-called Cauchy horizon. And moreover: the ordinal of our generalized spiritual world should be obviously higher than for a similar set of structural elements of the observed cosmos. In particular, if a number of material objects is N, a manifold of their cogitable combinations may vary from 2n to Nn. But still with that, it does not seem possible, however, to refute (as shown yet by Kurt Gödel) the significant majority of these frankly dubious speculations at a physical & mathematical level. Thus precisely the probabilistic approach (or, if you like, algorithm) is a quite legitimate and the only correct for given case!
And summarizing, the author leads his reader to a quite reasoned conclusion that unraveling the most complex outlook problems of existence, it is better obviously to trust philosophers rather than naturalists or techies!
The equivalency of the Banach-Alaoglu theorem and the axiom of choice
Authors: Kumar Nand Kishor , Raikhola Sher Singh 
Published: April 2024

The Axiom of Choice can be used to prove the Banach-Alaoglu theorem, while a weakened form of the Axiom of Choice is required to prove the full strength of the Hahn-Banach theorem, which is equivalent to the Banach-Alaoglu theorem. Although the Banach-Alaoglu theorem and the full- strength Axiom of Choice are not exactly equivalent, they are closely related.
The Banach-Alaoglu theorem is a compactness theorem whose proof mainly depends on Tychonoff's theorem. In this article, Banach-Alaoglu theorem is equivalent to the axiom of choice, has been proved.
Marka gminy jako determinanta konkurencyjności obszaru
Authors: Hyski Marcin , Chudy-Hyski Dorota 
Published: April 2024

Przedmiotem artykułu jest problematyka konkurencyjności obszaru i roli marki terytorialnej w jej wzroście, a celem – wskazanie istoty i znaczenia marki obszaru w jego funkcjonowaniu oraz roli marki terytorialnej we wzroście konkurencyjności gminy i kreowaniu przewagi konkurencyjnej względem otoczenia. Przeprowadzona analiza ma charakter teoretyczny. W analizie skoncentrowano się na poznaniu specyfiki gminy, która jako jednostka samorządu terytorialnego jest jednostką organizacyjną odpowiedzialną za rozwój społeczno-ekonomiczny swojego terytorium. W interesie rozwoju gminy leży poprawa warunków funkcjonowania obecnych i potencjalnych podmiotów (mieszkańców, przedsiębiorstw, inwestorów), co przekłada się na wzrost konkurencyjności gminy. W dalszej części opracowania skoncentrowano się na czynnikach oraz barierach konkurencyjności gminy oraz scharakteryzowano znaczenie marki obszaru (gminna marka terytorialna) w tym procesie. Wskazano też na niezbędne elementy marki terytorialnej oraz podkreślono rolę gminy w procesie jej tworzenia.
Replacing Hot Stamped, Boron, and DP1000 Steels with Room Temperature Formable Flash Bainite 1500 Advanced High-Strength Steel
Authors: Cola Gary M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Flash Bainite Processing employs rapid thermal cycling (&lt;10s) to strengthen commercial off the shelf (COTS) steel sheet, plate, and tubing into AHSS. In a continuous process, induction technology heats a narrow segment of the cross section in just seconds to atypically high temperatures (1000-1300°C). Quenching substantially immediately follows. Flash Processing utilizes inherent heterogeneity of steel creating multi-chemistry, complex mixtures of approximately 20% bainite and 80% martensite. Carbide dissolution and carbon migration are controlled by limiting time in the austenite temperature range. Unlike conventional heat treating to create advanced high strength steels (AHSS), homogeneity is intentionally avoided and non-equilibrium conditions are created. The leanest prior ferritic regions transform to bainite while prior pearlite forms martensite. A 7-10% higher yield/tensile strength product results with the beneficial ductility of the bainite constituent. Flashed AISI1010 (1100MPa UTS) and AISI1020 (1500MPa UTS) have shown exceptional room temperature stamp-ability to 0T/1T bend radii. The 1500MPa formability of 3G-AHSS is achievable. Flash Bainite offers simultaneous weight and cost savings.
Breakthrough in Induction Hardening Shafts
Authors: Rudnev Valery , West William , Goodwin Aaron , Fillip Steve 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This presentation reviews selected innovations related to induction hardening of various automotive powertrain transmission and engine components, including but not limited to induction surface hardening of complex geometry shafts. Thanks to several innovative designs (patented and patent pending), important goals were achieved. Process flexibility in shaft scan hardening has been substantially enhanced thanks to a novel inverter design that allows controlling independently frequency and power during scanning. This innovation allows improving quality of induction hardened components maximizing production rate and process flexibility. When applying single-shot hardening for heat treatment of output shafts, flanged shafts, yoke shafts, sun shafts, intermediate shafts, drive shafts and others, coil life is often limited due to a necessity to “squeeze” coil current in a certain area, maximizing power density. This seemingly unavoidable feature of the great majority of single-shot inductors represents a “weak link”, limiting coil life expectancy. Thanks to innovative design (patent-pending) of a single-shot inductor, its life was increased approximately nine times. Process sensitivity has been dramatically reduced. Other benefits include measurable improvement in process robustness, coil reliability and maintainability.
The 1:1 Rule for Quench Tanks— A Suboptimal and Misapplied Design Criterion
Authors: Bernard William J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
There is an oft quoted rule of thumb in heat treating: quench tanks should be sized with one gallon of oil per one pound of steel. The intent of this “1:1 Rule” is to prevent quench tank fires. As with most rules of thumb, the 1:1 Rule was formulated for ease of memorization and to give a significant margin of safety. Over the years, testing, data and experience have shown the rule to be overly conservative in certain cases, especially when applied to batch integral quench furnaces. Moreover, the rule has been mistakenly applied as a metallurgical quality specification, which is not its purpose. This paper will discuss critical safety and process parameters of the quenching process and equipment design that the simplistic 1:1 Rule fails to consider.
Heat Treating in the Digital Age
Authors: Klick Bill 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
AMS2750E has brought about significant changes to the record keeping requirements to the heat treating industry. Although not expressly required, heat treating companies that service the aerospace industry are turning to digital solutions that streamline data acquisition, reporting, and compliance with industry standards. Meeting the requirements of AMS2750E for data collection and report generation is one reason why the heat treating industry is seeking custom data collection solutions built with commercial off the shelf components. Companies producing parts to meet the AMS2750E standard must abide by data collection, calibration, temperature uniformity survey (TUS), and system accuracy test (SAT) documentation requirements. The goal of the 2750E record keeping requirements is to improve quality, shorten document retrieval times, and ensure compliance. The advantages of digital records include real-time access to data from multiple locations, improved data integrity, reduced long-term storage costs, and the ability to easily sort, query, and compare data. Leveraging digital systems allows users to capture real-time process data and officially signed documents, and create reports that benefit operators, maintenance personnel, engineers, quality control specialists, and other decision makers. Smartly implemented digital data collection systems leverage the existing network and server infrastructure resulting in a streamlined solution that can interact with existing business and automation systems, including Enterprise Resource Planning systems (ERP) and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems that impact quality and profitability.
Temperature Processing Evolves Atmosphere Practices to Meet Community Needs— At a Profit
Authors: Wolff David , Engelhard Will , Brennan Richard 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Temperature Processing Inc. has offered merchant heat treating in the northern NJ town of North Arlington for over 60 years. Their 10,000 sq ft facility, expanded in 1998, offers broad thermal processing capability in a compact plant. Diverse services offered include annealing, tempering, bright hardening, ageing and nitriding.
Best Practice for Design and Manufacturing of Heat Treating Inductors
Authors: Yakey C. , Nemkov V. , Goldstein R. , Jackowski J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
With the use of good design practices, one can improve coil longevity and improve production quality. By eliminating failure points in the initial design, proper material selection, improved cooling and proper magnetic flux control, induction tooling life can be increased. Computer simulation has been proven to be an effective tool for predicting not only electromagnetic parameters of a designed system, but also heat patterns in a given part and in the induction coil itself. When a coil has magnetic flux controllers present, their influence may also be predicted by computer simulation. With an extensive library of published case studies in induction coil design and performance evaluations, we are confident with the use of these tools and proper coil geometries and implementation, production life and quality can be improved on most induction heat treating inductors. These design practices have been used by the authors for over 20 years with proven results. A case is examined of a CVJ stem hardening coil, in which the principles discussed can be applied to most other hardening coils.
Optimization of Protective Atmospheres for Annealing and Hardening Operations in Continuous Furnaces
Authors: He Liang , Zurecki Zbigniew 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Nitrogen (N2) atmospheres with different, not always optimized levels of reducing and carburizing gases are often used to prevent decarburizing and oxidation of steel parts during annealing in continuous furnaces. The type and concentration of these additives in N2 should correlate to the extent of air leakage into furnace, entrainment of air with loaded parts, steel composition, and complex reaction kinetics in the gradients of oxygen (O2) and temperature existing between the entrance and hot zones of the furnace. This study explores the effect of small, 0.1 vol.% - 0.4 vol.% propane (C3H8) additions on composition of air-contaminated N2 atmosphere in the temperature range of 500°C - 860°C. Microstructures are presented for AISI 1045 steel exposed to the atmospheres produced. Atmosphere compositions compared include those produced by a new type of plasma activated, in-situ reformer for N2-diluted C3H8. The latter method extends the atmosphere protection to the lower range of annealing temperatures. Present results may assist heat treaters in optimizing their neutral hardening operations.
Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on AISI H13 Tool Steel
Authors: Bhavar Valmik , Khot Shreyans , Kattire Prakash , Mehta Mohan , Singh R.K.P. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In the recent years, there has been a remarkable increase in the use of deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) for enhancing performance of tool steels. It is a supplementary treatment where components are treated below subzero temperatures for several cryo-soaking hours. This paper focuses on to study the effect of deep cryogenic treatment and cryo-soaking time on microstructural and mechanical properties of AISI H-13 tool steel. Deep cryogenic treatment at different cryo-soaking time (16-48 hours) were applied and tool steel performance was analyzed by using mechanical, fatigue and wear testings. The microstructural evolutions during DCT were evaluated by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was observed that microstructural modifications like increase in carbide density, fine and uniform martensitic structure during DCT had significantly improved properties which were influenced by cryo-soaking time.
The Sub-Zero Celsius Treatment of Precipitation Hardenable Semi-Austenitic Stainless Steels
Authors: Villa Matteo , Hansen Mikkel F. , Somers Marcel A.J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A precipitation hardenable semi-austenitic stainless steel AISI 632 grade was austenitized according to industrial specifications and thereafter subjected to isothermal treatment at sub-zero Celsius temperatures. During treatment, austenite transformed to martensite. The isothermal austenite-to-martensite transformation was monitored in situ by magnetometry and data was used to sketch a TTT diagram for transformation. As an alternative treatment, after austenitization the material was immersed in boiling nitrogen and up-quenched to room temperature by immersion in water prior to be subjected to isothermal treatment. Magnetometry showed that the additional thermal step in boiling nitrogen yields a minor increment of the fraction of martensite, but has a noteworthy accelerating effect on the transformation kinetics, which more pronounced when the isothermal holding is performed at a higher temperature. Data is interpreted in terms of instantaneous nucleation of martensite during cooling followed by time dependent growth during isothermal holding.
Geometry Optimized Quenching
Authors: Dybdahl Cato , Haakonsen Fredrik 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Quench cracks became a challenge in large serial production of martensitic components. The geometry is simple, and concentrations of stresses from the geometry itself were not indicated by numerical simulation. Grain boundary ferrite is presented in the component surface from where the cracks start. An example from another application is interesting to consider; titanium grade 5. Grain boundary alpha on prior beta grain boundaries is not accepted for aerospace applications. The volume for plastic deformation in the phases along the grain boundaries is restricted. The ductile part of the fracture indicates forces from unbalanced quenching and elevated temperature at time of crack start. The general focus for improvement will be overcritical surface temperature, vapor phase break and mix of turbulent/lamellar flow. More effective quenching around the whole component is, in this case, assumed to be better than slower quenching.
Quench Tank Agitation Design through CFD Simulation
Authors: Banka Andrew L. , Nitz John D. , Desadier Chris , Xie Jianhua , Zhang Xiping 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Quenching is a key step in most heat treating operations. Sufficient fluid velocity is required to achieve the desired material properties, while even flow is needed to ensure low distortion and good part uniformity. It is not intuitively obvious, however, which agitation method will best achieve those goals. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling techniques can provide the insight needed to evaluate potential agitation designs and ultimately develop a robust agitation system. For a shallow quench tank with submerged impellers, a number of different concepts for providing agitation to a load of ring-like parts were investigated. Design parameters included the number and arrangement of the impellers, baffles and turning vanes, and the rotational direction of the impellers. The final design provided agitation that was significantly improved in comparison to that in the initial concept.