bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships between demographic variables and lead toxicosis in cattle evaluated at North American veterinary teaching hospitals
Authors: Mavangira Vengai , Evans Tim J. , Villamil J. Armando , Hahn Allen W. , Chigerwe Munashe , Tyler Jeff W. 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Objective—To determine associations between age, sex, breed, and month and year of admission and the diagnosis of lead toxicosis in cattle.
Design—Retrospective case-control study.
Sample Population—Records of all cattle evaluated at North American veterinary teaching hospitals during the years 1963 to 2002, which were available through the Veterinary Medical Database.
Procedures—Logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between postulated risk factors and the occurrence of lead toxicosis in cattle and predict the occurrence of the diagnosis of lead toxicosis in cattle.
Results—413 cases of lead intoxication and 202,363 control cattle were identified and met the inclusion criteria. Cattle < 4 years of age were at increased risk for the diagnosis of lead intoxication relative to cattle ≥ 4 years of age. Cattle ≥ 2 months and < 6 months of age had the greatest risk for lead intoxication (odds ratio, 12.3). Angus cattle were at greater risk for toxicosis (odds ratio, 1.95), compared with other breeds. The risk of lead toxicosis was greater before 1985 (odds ratio, 1.94) than the risk thereafter. The risk of lead toxicosis diagnosis was greatest in the months of May, June, July, and August.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Lead toxicosis in cattle was associated with age < 4 years and the Angus breed. A seasonal pattern existed with peak occurrence in the late spring and summer. The occurrence of lead toxicosis has declined over time.
Comparison between coelioscopy and coeliotomy for liver biopsy in channel catfish
Authors: Boone S. Shaun , Hernandez-Divers Stephen J. , Radlinsky MaryAnn G. , Latimer Kenneth S. , Shelton James L. 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate endoscopic liver biopsy and compare that technique with a standard coeliotomy biopsy technique in fish.
Design—Randomized controlled clinical trial.
Animals—30 channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus).
Procedures—10 fish were randomly assigned into control, coeliotomy, and coelioscopy groups. Anesthesia was performed with a recirculating anesthesia machine. Body weight, PCV, and total protein (TP) concentration in blood as well as plasma activities of aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and sorbitol dehydrogenase were measured before and after surgery. Standard ventral coeliotomy or coelioscopy was performed, and the biopsy specimens were scored histologically.
Results—Coeliotomy and coelioscopy procedures were well tolerated without acute deaths. Blood TP concentration and PCV decreased after surgery in the coelioscopy group because of intracoelomic fluid administration to aid visualization. Minor changes in activities for hepatic and muscular enzyme activities were apparent, but were not significantly different between the coelioscopy and coeliotomy groups. Coelioscopy and coeliotomy yielded biopsy specimens of similar diagnostic quality. However, coelioscopy permitted a more extensive evaluation of the viscera, and all 10 surgical wounds healed completely, compared with severe wound dehiscence in 3 of 10 fish that underwent coeliotomy.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Both coelioscopy and coeliotomy were capable of yielding antemortem liver biopsy specimens of diagnostic quality in catfish. Coelioscopy permitted a more detailed examination of the coelomic viscera through a smaller surgical incision, was less traumatic, and resulted in decreased wound dehiscence.
Vanadium Catalyzed Partial Oxidation of Some Saturated Hydrocarbons to Functionalized Products Under Mild Conditions
Authors: Asadullah M , Uddin M Shamim , Jahan M Israt , Motin M Abdul 
Published: September 2008

Partial oxidation of cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane and propane to oxygenated products has been investigated using vanadyl acetylacetonate catalyst in presence of oxidant K2S2O8 in CF3COOH (TFA) solvent. It has been observed that the primary products were alcohols and carbonyl compounds. However, in the reaction of cycloheptane and propane, carbonyl was not formed. Alcohols subsequently reacted with TFAand produced esters. In case of propane, two esters were observed where iso-propyl trifluoroacetate was the dominant product and n-propyl trifluoroacetate was the minor product. In this case, about 89 mol% conversion was achieved. The conversion of cycloalkanes is found lower than that of propane. For the cyclohexane functionalization, the optimum condition found 7.5 mmol of K2S2O8, 5 mL of CF3COOH, 0.1 mmol of catalyst, 80Â°C reaction temperature and 1 mmol of cyclohexane.Â Key words: Partial oxidation, Homogeneous catalysis, Hydrocarbon functionalization, Potassium persulfate and Trifluoroacetic acidDOI = 10.3329/bjsir.v43i3.1144Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(3), 291-300, 2008
Combined Heat and Mass Transfer by Mixed Convection Unsteady MHD Flow with Constant Heat and Mass Fluxes
Authors: Alam MM , Haque MM , Hossain M Delowar , Haque Z 
Published: September 2008

Combined heat and mass transfer by mixed convection unsteady MHD flow from a vertical porous plate with time dependent suction velocity and, constant heat and mass fluxes has been studied under the action of transverse applied magnetic field. The boundary layer equations have been transformed into dimensionless coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations by similarity transformations. The solutions of the dimensionless coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations are obtained by shooting iteration technique. The obtained numerical results are presented in the form of velocity, temperature and concentration distributions. Finally the effects of the pertinent parameters on the skin-friction coefficient are also examined. Key words : Combined heat and mass transfer, MHD flow, and Constant heat and Mass fluxes Â Â DOI = 10.3329/bjsir.v43i3.1146Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(3), 309-320, 2008
<i>Spirulina</i> Culture in Bangladesh XII. Effects of Different Culture Media, Different Culture Vessels and Different Cultural Conditions on Coiled and Straight Filament Characteristics of <i>Spirulina</i>
Authors: Noor Parvin , Akhtar Nasima , Munshi John Liton , Begum Sajeda 
Published: September 2008

Effects of different culture media (Bd-2, Bd-3, Bd-4 and IFP), different culture vessels (conical flasks, plastic bowls and earthen pots) and different cultural conditions (stock, pilot plant and shade culture) on coiled and straight filament characteristics of Spirulina were studied. Stock culture maintained under special conditions, retained coiled filament characteristics even after 17 years, while Spirulina filaments in pilot ponds lost their coiled characteristics. Food value of the straight filaments was acceptable and their survival capacity was more than that of coiled filaments. Key words: Spirulina, Media culture, Vessels culture, Cultural condition, Filaments character. Â DOI = 10.3329/bjsir.v43i3.1152Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(3), 369- 376, 2008
Applications of Gauss-Radau and Gauss-Lobatto Numerical Integrations Over a Four Node Quadrilateral Finite Element
Authors: Islam Md Shafiqul , Saha Goutam 
Published: September 2008

In this paper Gauss-Radau and Gauss-Lobatto quadrature rules are presented to evaluate the rational integrals of the element matrix for a general quadrilateral. These integrals arise in finite element formulation for second order Partial Differential Equation via Galerkin weighted residual method in closed form. Convergence to the analytical solutions and efficiency are depicted by numerical example. Key words: Gauss-Radau, Gauss-Lobatto, Rational Integrals, Quadrilateral Finite Element. Â DOI = 10.3329/bjsir.v43i3.1153Â Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(3), 377-386, 2008
Antimicrobial Activity of Akanda (<i>Calotropis gigantea</i> L.) on Some Pathogenic Bacteria.
Authors: Alam M Ashraful , Habib M Rowshanul , Nikkon Rarjana , Rahman Matiar , Karim M Rezaul 
Published: September 2008

The antibacterial activity of methanol extract from the root bark of Akanda (Calotropis gigantea L.) and its petroleum ether, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions were investigated. Both of methanol extract and its chloroform fraction showed activity against Sarcina lutea, Bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Petroleum ether fraction showed activity against Bacillus subtilis and Shigella sonnei whereas ethyl acetate fraction showed activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli at 20Ã¬g/disc, 30Ã¬g/disc and 40Ã¬g/disc doses. Among the tested materials, methanol extract and its chloroform fraction showed comparatively better results. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for methanol extract and each fraction were also determined by serial dilution technique. Keywords: Methanol extract, Akonda (Calotropis gigantea), Petroleum ether fraction, Chloroform fraction and Ethyl acetate fraction. Â Â DOI = 10.3329/bjsir.v43i3.1156Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(3), 397-404, 2008
Sirenomelia and cyclopia cluster in Cali, Colombia
Authors: Castilla Eduardo E. , Mastroiacovo Pierpaolo , López‐Camelo Jorge S. , Saldarriaga Wilmar , Isaza Carolina , Orioli Iêda M. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractSirenomelia and cyclopia share etiologic and pathogenic characteristics. A cluster of these two patterns of malformation in the city of Cali, Colombia, is described. Four sirenomelia and four cyclopia cases were born within a 165 days period in one hospital in Cali. The lapse between conception dates of first and last cases was shorter for sirenomelia (53 days) than for cyclopia (231 days). Based on ECLAMC (Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations) published data, the observed/expected ratio (5.7) for both defects is statistically significant (P < 0.001). Mother's residence during the first trimester of pregnancy is concentrated in a same city quarter for four of the eight cases, close to a know polluting active landfill, and the other four cases, along the Cauca river, downstream from this landfill. Birth prevalence rates for two sentinel anomalies, that is, anal and esophageal atresia for sirenomelia and oral clefts for DeMyer holoprosencephaly spectra, were not higher in Cali than in the rest of ECLAMC material. The Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing was applied to mothers of the 8 patients, and 32 matched controls. Seven of 295 variables were associated with sirenomelia, 3 of them related to house tap water, one to exposure to street drugs, one to physical injury, and 2 secondary to abnormal pregnancy outcome. None was associated with cyclopia. Results from hair dosage of heavy metals in the 8 patient's mothers were inconsistent. The time‐space cluster is nonrandom for sirenomelia, and possibly random for cyclopia. The polluting landfill remains as a possible etiological factor. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pure duplication 1q41‐qter: Further delineation of trisomy 1q syndromes
Authors: Kulikowski Leslie Domenici , Bellucco Fernanda T.S. , Nogueira Sintia I. , Christofolini Denise M. , Smith Marilia de A.C. , de Mello Claudia B. , Brunoni Decio , Melaragno Maria Isabel 
Published: September 2008

AbstractSeveral authors have attempted to characterize the partial 1q trisomy syndrome, reporting clinical features such as mental retardation, macrocephaly, large fontanels, prominent forehead, broad flat nasal bridge, high‐arched palate, micro/retrognathia, low‐set ears, and cardiac defects. However, defining the partial trisomy 1q syndrome is difficult, because it is a rare chromosomal abnormality and in most instances the trisomy 1q is combined with partial monosomy of another autosomal segment. We report on the clinical and molecular cytogenetic study of a patient who presents pure partial 1q duplication. This is the first case of pure duplication 1q41‐qter in the literature. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Familial deletion 11q14.3–q22.1 without apparent phenotypic consequences: A haplosufficient 8.5 Mb region
Authors: Goumy C. , Gouas L. , Tchirkov A. , Roucaute T. , Giollant M. , Veronèse L. , Francannet C. , Vago P. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractWe present the prenatal diagnosis of a chromosome 11q14.3–q22.1 deletion identified in three generations without apparent phenotypic consequences. A 25‐year‐old G2, P1 woman underwent amniocentesis at 15 weeks' gestation because of a positive result for Down syndrome maternal serum‐screening test (1/70). The fetal karyotype revealed an interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11 confirmed by CGH and FISH: 46,XX,del(11)(q14.3q22.1). The mother and grandfather of the fetus presented the same interstitial deletion with a little if any phenotype effect. The pregnancy was carried to term and resulted in the birth of a normal girl. To our knowledge, only one case of a chromosome 11q14.3–q21 deletion without phenotypic anomalies has been reported. Our study allows the initially described haplosufficient region to be extended from 3.6 Mb to at least 8.5 Mb. This large deletion was compatible with fertility and apparently normal phenotype. Identification of such chromosomal regions is important for prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Palladium and Gold–Palladium Catalysts for the Direct Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Edwards Jennifer K. , Hutchings Graham J. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractToday hydrogen peroxide is produced by an indirect process in which an alkyl anthraquinone is sequentially hydrogenated and oxidized. In this way hydrogen and oxygen are kept separate during the manufacturing process. A process where molecular oxygen is directly hydrogenated could be preferred if control of the sequential hydrogenation can be achieved, particularly if high rates can be attained under intrinsically safe, non‐explosive conditions. Herein we describe recent progress in the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide using supported palladium and gold–palladium alloy catalysts and consider some of the problems that have to be overcome.
Endovascular management of post‐traumatic innominate artery transection with pseudo‐aneurysm formation
Authors: Huang Chi‐Lun , Kao Hsien‐Li 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAlthough catheter‐based endovascular techniques have been used with increasing frequency for the management of vascular trauma, reports about innominate artery repair were limited. Here we describe a case of blunt traumatic injury with innominate artery transection. Endovascular stent‐graft deployment through femoral artery was performed successfully without any neurologic deficit. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A randomized comparison of the magnetic navigation system versus conventional percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Ramcharitar Steve , van Geuns Robert Jan , Patterson Mark , van der Giessen Willem J. , van der Ent Martin , van Domburg Ron T. , Serruys Patrick W. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractObjective: A randomized comparison of the magnetic navigation system (MNS) to conventional guidewire techniques in percutaneous coronary interventions. Background: The MNS precisely directs a magnetized guidewire in vivo through two permanent external magnets. Methods: A total of 111 consecutive patients were enrolled. Crossing success, crossing‐/fluoroscopy times, and contrast usage were directly compared. Lesions were classified according to the AHA/ACC criteria. Three tertiles of vessel/lesion complexity [low (<5), medium (6–10) and high (>10)] were defined using 3D reconstructions and angiographic information. Results: The crossing success for magnetic and the conventional wires were 93.3and 95.6%, respectively. Crossing and fluoroscopy times were longer with the magnetic wires (72.9 ± 50.3 sec vs. 58.1 ± 47.2 sec, P < 0.001 and 66.2 ± 44.1 sec vs. 55.2 ± 44.4 sec, P = 0.03, respectively). In vessels with low and medium complexity the magnetic wires had significantly longer times (P < 0.001) but for those with high scores (>10) a trend towards shorter times was observed. The MNS resulted in a small but significant reduction in contrast usage (2.3 ± 3.5 ml vs. 4.5 ± 4.4 ml, P < 0.001). Moreover by superimposing a virtual roadmap of the vessel on the live fluoroscopy image 48% of the lesions were crossed without requiring contrast agents with the MNS. Conclusion: The MNS has comparable crossing success to conventional PCI. It is relatively slower but there is a trend to support a potential advantage in more complex vessels. By simultaneously employing a virtual roadmap there is a small but significant reduction in contrast usage. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) causing pulmonary emboli during coronary intervention
Authors: Jiji Ronny S. , Michaels Andrew D. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThrombotic complications of heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) can be devastating if not recognized and treated promptly. We describe an unusual case of rapid‐onset HIT resulting in massive‐bilateral pulmonary emboli in a 70 year‐old man who developed chest pain during elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The diagnosis was made the following day after persistent chest pain and laboratory work demonstrating a new thrombocytopenia, a mildly elevated troponin, and positive DIC panel led to confirmatory imaging tests. HIT‐related thrombosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chest pain in patients undergoing PCI. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The ultimate proof of paradoxical embolism and a percutaneous solution
Authors: Osten Mark D. , Horlick Eric M. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractCentral venous catheters (CVCs) and ports are frequently used for the administration of total parenteral nutrition, antibiotics, and chemotherapeutic agents. Their use may be associated with serious complications, such as venous thrombosis, embolization, and catheter rupture. Catheter fragments most commonly embolize to the right atrium, right ventricle, and pulmonary artery (Surov et al., Angiology 2008;59:90–97). We report the first case of a CVC that embolized across a patent foramen ovale (PFO) into the left atrium in a 72‐year‐old female who presented with symptoms of a transient ischemic attack (TIA). Treatment consisted of retrieving the embolized portacath, which had lodged in the right upper pulmonary vein followed by percutaneous PFO closure. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Asymmetric Henry reaction catalyzed by bifunctional copper‐based catalysts
Authors: Guo Jun , Mao Jincheng 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA new bifunctional copper‐based catalytic system has been developed from readily available salen ligand 7 together with Cu(OAc)2·H2O in situ for asymmetric nitro‐aldol reactions between nitromethane and aldehydes, affording corresponding adducts with moderate to good yields and enantioselectivities. Chirality, 2008. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Merkel cell carcinoma
Authors: Andea Aleodor A. , Coit Daniel G. , Amin Bijal , Busam Klaus J. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.Currently, little is known regarding the potential prognostic value of histologic features in primary cutaneous neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinomas (MCC).METHODS.In a retrospective review of the tumor histology and clinical outcome data (median follow‐up, 51 months; range, 3‐224 months) of 156 patients with a diagnosis of MCC, the following histologic features were evaluated: tumor thickness, tumor size (greatest dimension of the tumor), microanatomic compartment involved by tumor (dermis and/or subcutis and/or deeper), tumor growth pattern (nodular circumscribed vs infiltrative), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes, tumor necrosis, ulceration, and solar elastosis.RESULTS.The overall 5‐year survival rate was 67.5%. On univariate analysis, parameters that were associated significantly with survival were tumor thickness (P = .001), tumor size (P = .0002), deepest anatomic compartment involved by tumor (P = .0003), tumor growth pattern (P = .003), LVI (P < .00001), tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (P = .05), and solar elastosis (P = .04). On multivariate analysis, the presence of a nodular growth pattern, low tumor depth, and absence of LVI were associated with longer survival.CONCLUSIONS.In addition to the known prognostic value of tumor stage, 3 histologic features were identified to have prognostic significance: tumor thickness (depth of tumor invasion), the presence of LVI, and tumor growth pattern. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Effects of LES sub‐grid flow structure on particle deposition in a plane channel with a ribbed wall
Authors: Khan M. A. I. , Luo X. Y. , Nicolleau F. C. G. A. , Tucker P. G. , Lo Iacono G. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractTransport and deposition of aerosol particles in a plane channel with a ribbed wall are studied in order to investigate the effects of the turbulent flow structure on particle deposition. In this paper, kinematic simulation (KS) has been adapted to be a sub‐grid model for particles, in conjunction with large eddy simulation (LES) in real space with boundaries. KS is a Lagrangian model of turbulent dispersion that takes into account the effects of spatio‐temporal flow structure on particle dispersion. It is a unified Lagrangian model of one‐, two‐ and indeed multi‐particle turbulent dispersion and can easily be used as a Lagrangian sub‐grid model for LES codes, thus enabling complex geometry to be taken into account. To study the effect of small‐scale flow structures on particle deposition in the ribbed channel flow, we use a validated LES code to simulate the flow field, and KS to model the sub‐grid flow structures. Thus, the large scales are resolved by the simulation and the small scales are modelled using various sub‐grid models. As none of the existing sub‐grid models is known to have taken into account the effects of small‐scale turbulent flow structures on particle deposition, it is important to use KS's ability to remodel the sub‐grid velocity field and thereby incorporate its effect on particle deposition. The parameters of our simulations for LES are the Reynolds number, width of the channel, height of the rib and sub‐gridmodel parameters. For KS, the parameters are the energy dissipation rate obtained from LES, the energy spectra, ratio of the largest and smallest sub‐grid scales and the total number of modes for the sub‐grid velocity field. The turbulent flow features thus obtained are compared with published experimental data in a ribbed channel. Our results suggest that while the small‐scale (sub‐grid) turbulent flow structures have negligible effects on particles with large relaxation times (compared with the Kolmogorov dissipation time scale), deposition of the particles with small relaxation times in the ribbed channel can be affected by these sub‐grids. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.