bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhabdomyoma of the larynx: a rare cause of stridor
Authors: Roberts D. N. , Corbett M. J. , Breen D. , Jonathan D. A. , Smith C. E. T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractRhabdomyomas of the larynx are rare tumours. In the literature to date 18 cases have been reported. They usually present with slowly progressive symptoms typical of their benign nature. We present a case that has many atypical features for an ‘adult’ type rhabdomyoma and discuss the relevant associated literature.
The stapedial reflex in cephalic tetanus
Authors: de Souza Chris , Karnad Dilip , de Souza Rosemarie , Raje A. , Mansukhani K. , Tilve G. H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThree patients are presented with cephalic tetanus following injuries to the face. Two were adults and one a child. All three had bilateral VIIth cranial nerve involvement and one patient also presented with involvement of the IIIrd, IVth and VIth cranial nerves. The patients initially an ipsilateral VIIth cranial nerve weakness which later in the course of the illness developed into hyperactivity of the VIIth cranial nerve. The contralateral VIIth cranial nerve demonstrated a similar pattern. The stapedial reflex was tested serially. The stapedius muscle activity preceded that of the muscles of the face thus serving as an indicator of improvement or impending deterioration. Deflections measuring more than 1 cm, on stapedial reflex threshold testing, were indicative of stapedial reflex spasm. In the stapedial reflex decay test, both ill-sustained (intermittent) and sustained spasms of the stapedius muscle were seen.
Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia: Young's procedure in the management of epistaxis
Authors: Hosni A. A. , Innes A. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwo cases of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia are presented. Epistaxis was intractable in both patients. Young's procedure proved successful in controlling nose bleeds. One of the patients has been followed-up for 14 years. Methods of treatment are discussed with a review of the literature.
Application of the external perichondrium of the ala of the thyroid cartilage of the nondiseased side in laryngeal surgery
Authors: Lixiang Zhu , Zhanling Tan , Mingquan Bao 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSince 1976, in our department, the external perichondrium of the ala of the thyroid cartilage of the nondiseased side has been successfully applied in repairing endolaryngeal defects and reconstructing the laryngeal wall in 22 cases. The post-operative result was good in the most cases.
Magnetic resonance imaging for aspirated peanut in the bronchus
Authors: Hisa Yasuo , Tatemoto Keigo , Dejima Kenji , Nishiyama Yasuyuki , Masuda Yukari , Ikuta Haruyasu 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPeanut inhalation in the right main bronchus of a 15-month-old boy was diagnosed using a T1-weighted image produced by magnetic reasonance imaging (MRI) because of the high fat content of the peanut. The T1-weighted MRI image may also be useful in diagnosing other kinds of aspirated nuts with high lipid content as well as peanuts. This method does not involve any X-ray exposure.
Mastoid surgery and the Hong Kong Flap
Authors: van Hasselt C. Andrew 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCritical evaluation of the outcome of surgery for cholesteatoma has favoured open cavity techniques. These methods have however been plagued by an inability to consistently produce healthy well healed cavities.The strength and stability of the normal tympanic membrane depends upon the separation of squamous epithelium from the middle ear mucosa by a fibrous tissue layer. Traditional methods of dealing with the cavity fail to reproduce a similar anatomically stable arrangement.In order to achieve the highest percentage of dry, stable disease-free ears after employing basic surgical principles of wide access to facilitate meticulous removal of all cholesteatoma, we have utilized a vascularized deep temporalis fascia flap for complete coverage of the cavity eliminating all raw areas. This fibrous layer provides the optimal substrate for epithelial resurfacing. Excellent healing even under unfavourable circumstances is ensured by the rich blood supply to the pedicled temporalis fascia flap.Considering patient preferences and cost effectiveness, the optimal treatment for cholesteatoma must be one operation, provided it achieves a dry safe ear. Based upon rational concepts, the ‘Hong Kong Flap’ technique of reconstructing the mastoid cavity involves a straightforward procedure requiring no special technical skill that consistently achieves this ideal.
Highly invasive papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Hefer Tsila , Joachims Henry Z. , Eitan Arie , Golz Avishay , Brown Jacob 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPapillary carcinoma is the most common malignant tumour of the thyroid gland, accounting for at least two-thirds of newly diagnosed carcinomas. This tumour may be occasionally multicentric in origin. It frequently spreads to regional lymph nodes in the neck and mediastinum, but uncommonly metastasizes outside these regions. Local invasion of this tumour to the upper airway or digestive tract structures is infrequent. However, when that occurs, it is a source of significant morbidityand mortality.In the last two years four patients suffering from invasive papillary carcinoma to the aerodigestive tract were treated in our department. A short case history of one of them is presented and current trends in management of the disease are reviewed.
Expression of the cell–cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin in tongue carcinoma cell lines
Authors: Kinsella A. R. , Bowie G. L. , Fields J. K. , Jones A. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA reduction in cell adhesiveness and cell invasion are essential steps in tumour progression. In the present study six tongue carcinoma cell lines were compared with regard to their invasive potential in two invitroinvasion assay systems and for their patterns of expression of the cell–cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin. The three cell lines negative for E-cadherin expression were invasive in both assays. One cell line with strong E-cadherin expression was strongly invasive and one weakly invasive. One cell line with reduced E-cadherin expression was weakly invasive. There was no significant pattern to these findings (x2= 0.375;p= 0.54). This supports previous studies from this group that suggest that E-cadherin is only one of the presumably many molecules involved in tumour progression in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue.
Topical antiseptic mouthwash in oncological surgery of the oral cavity and oropharynx
Authors: Redleaf Miriam I. , Bauer Carol A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA multivariant analysis of the value of the use of a pre-operative topical antiseptic mouthwash to reduce the incidence of post-operative wound complications in 106 consecutive patients undergoing head and neck surgery involving the oral cavity or oropharynx was carried out at the University of Iowa, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. An oral presentation employing povidone–iodine solution was used for 43 patients. The remaining 63 patients studied received no oral presentation. Unfavourable wound outcome was not associated with age, sex, presence and condition of teeth, or serious pre-existing medical illnesses. A significant correlation was found between post-operative wound breakdown and type of closure, stage of disease, and previous operation or radiotherapy. The use of an oral preparation correlated significantly with favourable wound outcome independent of all other variables (p<0.01).Our data support the use of a topical antiseptic mouthwash to reduce the incidence of post-operative wound complications in surgery of the oral cavity and oropharynx.
Kimura's disease: case report and brief review of the literature
Authors: Nyrop Mette 
Published: November 2007

AbstractKimura's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease which often presents as a tumour-like swelling in the head and neck region with or without lymphadenopathy. Most cases have been described predominantly in Chinese and Japanese people. The lesion is benign, but it may easily be mistaken for a malignant tumour. Kimura's disease has been confused with angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE), from which it probably should be distinguished as a separate entity. The diagnosis may be suggested by a fine needle aspirate, but is established by a biopsy. The treatment of choice is surgical removal.A case of Kimura's disease in a Caucasian male of 12 years' duration is presented together with a brief review of the literature.
Lateral approaches to the median skull base through the petrous bone: the system of the modified transcochlear approach
Authors: Sanna Mario , Mazzoni Antonio , Saleh Essam A. , Taibah Abdel K. , Russo Alessandra 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwenty-three patients with intradural lesions of the petroclival region and prepontine cistern were managed in our centres by the modified transcochlear approach. Total tumour removal was accomplished in 17 patients, while a second stage was planned for the remaining six patients. Two cases died in the immediate postoperative period. All the remaining cases showed a good outcome and returned to work. The basic approach type A is further classified according to its anterior, superior and inferior extension into types B, C and D respectively. The surgical procedure, classification, illustrative case reports and patients' summaries are presented.
The distribution of nasal airflow sensitivity in normal subjects
Authors: Clarke R. W. , Jones A. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNasal airflow modifies the pattern of ventilation presumably due in part to nervous signals arising in the nose and transmitted along the trigeminal nerve to the respiratory centre. Nasal receptor tissue must also be important in determining the sensation of airflow at a conscious level but little attention has been paid to the distribution and function of these receptors.An experimental model to deliver a pulse of air at different velocities to various nasal test sites is described. In this way nasal sensitivity to an air jet can be mapped out. Sensitivity of the nose to an air jet is greatest at the entrance to the nose – the region of the nasal vestibule.
The role of transcanine surgery in antrochoanal polyps
Authors: El-Guindy A. , Mansour M. H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDuring a period of two years, 24 cases of antrochoanal polyps were diagnosed by clinical examination, nasal endoscopy and computerized tomography. Surgery started with endoscopic transnasal removal of the polyp. Every attempt was made to remove the antral portion of the polyp through the wide ostium. Then transcanine sinuscopy was performed. Remnants of the polyp were detected and removed in five cases. One or more other cysts were found and extirpated in 11 cases. Endoscopic follow-up for 18 months to three years revealed no recurrence.It is recommended that endoscopic middle meatal surgery should be combined with transcanine sinuscopy to ensure complete removal of antrochoanal polyps.
Expectorated tissue leading to diagnosis of renal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ziyada W. F. , Brookes J. D. , Penman H. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMetastatic tumour to the tongue is extremely rare. We report a case of renal adenocarcinoma metastasis involving the right side of the base of the tongue with extension to the right vallecula in a 59-year-old man in which a piece of the metastatic lesion in the tongue was expectorated and was the first evidence of the primary tumour in the right kidney. Previously reported cases are reviewed.
MR imaging features of an intracochlear acoustic schwannoma
Authors: Donnelly Martin J. , Daly Carmel A. , Briggs Robert J. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe present a very unusual case of an acoustic neuroma involving the left cochlea and internal auditory canal of a 24-year-old man. Clinical suspicion was aroused when the patient presented with a left total sensorineural hearing loss and continuing vertigo. The diagnosis was made pre-operatively with MRI after initial CT scanning was normal. The tumour was removed via a transotic approach. This case report demonstrates the MRI features of an intracochlear schwannoma and emphasizes the importance of MRI in patients with significant auditory and clinical abnormalities with normal CT scans of the relevant region.
The Emperor who smoked a pipe
Authors: Laurenson Rae Duncan 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSince 1946 authoritative reports have identified smoking as a cause of cancer of the lung and a probable cause of cancer of the larynx. Crown Prince Frederick (later Emperor Frederick III of Prussia and the German Kaiser) was a pipe smoker for at least 30 years before he died of cancer of the larynx in 1888 at the age of 57 years. The evidence is so overwhelming that this author proposes that the Emperor's laryngeal cancer was induced by tobacco.
Submandibular salivary disease: a proposed allergic aetiology
Authors: Harkness P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwo cases of submandibular gland swelling are documented. In one patient examination of the excised submandibular gland revealed a dense eosinophilia: the other patient had a peripheral blood eosinophilia. Both patients demonstrated a marked decrease in the swelling of the salivary glands after a course of oral antihistamine. Although allergy has been implicated as a cause of recurrent parotid gland swelling, there are no previous reports of such a phenomenon occurring in the submandibular gland.
Occupational rhinitis — possible mechanisms of pathogenesis
Authors: Welch A. R. , Birchall J. P. , Stafford F. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOccupational rhinitis has been a prescribed industrial disease in the UK since 1907. It has only relatively recently received significant attention from otorhinolaryngologists although numerous studies have been performed in the past by occupational and industrial health physicians. At the present time the precise mechanisms of pathogenesis are unclear and would appear to be multiple.Recently interest has arisen because of compensation claims. Diagnosis made on the basis of the clinical history is subject to two problems: firstly, there is difficulty in differentiating between occupational and nonoccupational rhinitis, and secondly, clinical histories can easily be feigned. Physical signs would be a more reliable indicator of occupational damage to the nasal mucosa if they differ from the signs normally found in allergic or vasomotor rhinitis. In a series of 100 shipyard workers dry atrophic nasal mucosa was found in 66and septal ulceration in two. From their clinical histories 78 individuals complained of nasal obstruction, 28 of epistaxis, 42 of hyposmia, 10 of anosmia and 90 of rhinorrhoea. Possible pathogenesis is described
Diagnostic imaging of the larynx: autofluorescence of laryngeal tumours using the helium-cadmium laser
Authors: Harries Meredydd Lloyd , Lam Stephen , MacAulay Calum , Qu Jianan , Palcic Branko 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe use of tissue autofluorescence for the detection and localization of cancer of the larynx is described. In this pilot study, eight patients with probable carcinoma of the vocal folds underwent laryngoscopy in which the tissue autofluorescence spectra of normal and pathologically confirmed tumour tissue were acquiredin vivo. Fluorescence images of the suspect areas were also acquired using the LIFE system (Xillix Technologies Corp.). The results suggest that the autofluorescence properties of laryngeal tissue, under 442 nm illumination, are similar to those of bronchial tissue and that the LIFE system has the potential to increase the accuracy of staging of cancer of the larynx and also to allow earlier diagnosis of tumours and theirrecurrence
CO2-laser therapy for carcinoma of the larynx
Authors: Outzen Knud Erik , Illum Peter 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA retrospective study was undertaken to assess the outcome of 19 consecutive patients, who underwent endolaryngeal resection with a CO2-laser for laryngeal carcinomas. Sixteen of these patients had recurrences after primary curative radiotherapy. Seventeen of the patients had a curative operation carried out. So far, four CO2-laser treatment failures have been observed (median observation time 35 months). None of the patients needed tracheostomy in connection with the operation. Voice quality was in all cases acceptable.It is recommended, that small recurrences (after radiotherapy of laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas)should be considered for a partial laryngectomy with the aid of a laser.
The treatment of node negative squamous cell carcinoma of the postcricoid region
Authors: Jones A. S. , McRae R. D. , Phillips D. E. , Hamilton J. , Field J. K. , Husband D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis study includes 155 patients with T1–4N0carcinoma of the postcricoid region seen between 1963 and 1993. Sixty-seven were treated by primary surgery, 50 by primary irradiation therapy, 36 were unsuitable for curative treatment and two patients were lost to follow-up. Reasons for deciding against curative therapy were: advanced age, poor general condition and advanced disease at the primary site. This study included only those patients who had no neck node metastases at presentation.Patients receiving surgery tended to be in better general physical condition and tended to have more advanced disease than those treated by irradiation in this series. The tumour-specific five-year survival rate for those treated by surgery was 43 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval (CI) 23–60 per cent). For those patients treated by irradiation the five-year survival rate was 48 per cent (95 per cent CI 27–66 per cent) and for those receiving no treatment the median survival rate was three months (95 per cent CI two-six months). The observed survival for the surgery group was only 18 per cent and for the radiotherapy group 25 per cent at five years.Multiple logistic regression showed no significant difference in proportions of host and tumour factors between the group receiving radiotherapy and the group receiving surgery. Recurrence at the primary site and the appearance of neck node metastases were not predicted by any host or tumour factor.Twenty-one patients out of 67 receiving primary surgery had recurrence at the primary site compared with 26 patients out of 50 receiving primary irradiation. Neck node metastases occurred in 16 out of 67 patients receiving surgery and in eight out of 50 receiving radiotherapy. The difference was statistically significant for recurrence at the primary site (X21= 4.261; p = 0.039) but not significant for neck node metastases (X21= 0.661;p = 0.416). The data were further analysed using Cox's proportional hazards model for survival and no host or tumour factors were found to be predictive of eventual outcome apart from poorly differentiated histology. This adversely affected survival (X21= 6.4444; p = 0.011). If patients not treated were included in the model, treatment became a significant factor in improving the survival (X21= 4.4197; p = 0.034).Radiotherapy appears to be at least as good as surgery for treating patients with an early carcinoma of the postcricoid region. We would recommend radiotherapy is used in patients with no detectable neck node metastases and in tumours <5 cm long. The complication rate from radiotherapy was reduced when compared with that of surgery.
Rhabdomyoma of the larynx: a review of the literature with a summary of previously described cases of rhabdomyoma of the larynx and a report of a new case
Authors: Johansen Eva Charlotte Jung , Illum Peter 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA review of extracardial rhabdomyomas of the larynx reported in the literature is presented. A new case is added (the largest described yet). The diagnosis was based on routine histological and immunohistological staining, and electron microscopy. The extracardial rhabdomyomas were divided into three types according to histopathological findings: (i) adult; (ii) foetal cellular type; and (iii) foetal myxoid. There are 23 well-documented cases (including this case) of extracardial rhabdomyomas of the larynx; 15 of the adult type, four of the foetal myxoid type and four of the foetal cellular type. The differential diagnosis and the requisite diagnostic procedure is discussed. The tumour is benign. The treatment is surgical excision. Although rare, its existence should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of laryngeal tumours.
‘Ceruminoma’ – a defunct diagnosis
Authors: Mills Richard G. , Douglas-Jones Tony , Williams R. Gareth 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe clinical and pathological features of glandular tumours of the external auditory meatus are presented. Their heterogenous clinical and pathological features make the collective term ‘ceruminoma’ ambiguous andmisleading. The spectrum of pathological behaviour and histological features demonstrated by these interesting tumours necessitate a broader classification system. In our hospital 32 patients presented with tumours of the external auditory meatus over a 30-year period, of which seven were glandular in origin. A review of the histology of these glandular tumours enabled us to reclassify them as adenoma, cylindroma, adenoid cystic carcinoma or ceruminous adenocarcinoma. Together with the less common mucoepidermoid carcinoma and pleomorphic adenoma this subdivision forms a basis for a more meaningful classification system with prognostic and therapeutic implications specific to each tumour type. The term ‘ceruminoma’ should no longer be used unqualified.
An unexpected cause of upper airway obstruction
Authors: Meulenbroeks A. A. W. M. , Vos G. D. , Van der Beek J. M. H. , Kirslaar P. J. E. H. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA three-year old bot wiht a swelling on the right side of his neck was suspected of having parapharyngeal abscess after clinical examination and CT scan(computed tomography scan) of this region. Later it became clear, that the swelling was caused by an aneurysm of the internal carotid artery. This case report describes the pitfalls and difficulties encountered in the diagnostic course and treatment planning.
Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia
Authors: Ingrams D. R. , Stafford N. D. , Creagh T. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAngiolympoid hyperplasia with cosinophilia is a rare benign condition that causes swellings in the head and neck. It is difficult to diagnose prior to biopsy and is frequently mistaken for a malignant tumoour. A case involving a 21-year-old man who presented with a 2 cm diameter fiborous lesion the subcutaneous tissue of the cheek is reported. The clinical and histological features are reviewed and the differences between this condition and the similar condition of Kimura's disease are discussed. Initial treatment with intralesional or sustemic steroids is suggested as this may avoid the need for excision.