bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three‐dimensional knee joint kinematics during golf swing and stationary cycling after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Hamai Satoshi , Miura Hiromasa , Higaki Hidehiko , Shimoto Takeshi , Matsuda Shuichi , Okazaki Ken , Iwamoto Yukihide 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe expectation of returning to sports activities after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has become more important to patients than ever. To our knowledge, no studies have been published evaluating the three‐dimensional knee joint kinematics during sports activity after TKA. Continuous X‐ray images of the golf swing and stationary cycling were taken using a large flat panel detector for four and eight post‐arthroplasty knees, respectively. The implant flexion and axial rotation angles were determined using a radiographic‐based, image‐matching technique. Both the golf swing from the set‐up position to the top of the backswing, and the stationary cycling from the top position of the crank to the bottom position of the crank, produced progressive axial rotational motions (p = 0.73). However, the golf swing from the top of the backswing to the end of the follow‐through produced significantly larger magnitudes of rotational motions in comparison to stationary cycling (p < 0.01). Excessive internal–external rotations generated from the top of the backswing to the end of the follow‐through could contribute to accelerated polyethylene wear. However, gradual rotational movements were consistently demonstrated during the stationary cycling. Therefore, stationary cycling is recommended rather than playing golf for patients following a TKA who wish to remain physically active. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
Synthesis of Block Copolypeptides by Click Chemistry
Authors: Agut Willy , Agnaou Reda , Lecommandoux Sébastien , Taton Daniel 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA novel synthetic methodology to diblock copolypeptides was developed by ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) ofN‐carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) fromα‐ω‐functionalized initiators combined with the Huisgen 1,3 dipolar cycloaddition (click chemistry). Poly(γ‐benzyl‐L‐glutamate) (PBLGlu) and poly(trifluoroacetyl‐L‐Lysine) (PTFALys) containing either an azide or an alkyne functional group inα‐position were first synthesized by ROP of the corresponding NCA at room temperature in DMF as a solvent, using appropriateω‐amino‐containingα‐alkyne andα‐azido difunctional initiators. The copper(I)‐catalyzed coupling reactions ofα‐azido‐PBLGlu with theα‐alkyne‐PTFALys, on the one hand, and of theα‐alkyne‐PBLGlu with theα‐azido‐PTFALys, on the other hand were suitably accomplished in DMF. This afforded the targeted PBLGlu‐b‐PTFALys diblock copolypeptides possessing a triazole group in between the two blocks, as evidenced by SEC, IR, and NMR analysis. Block copolypeptides could be successfully purified by selective extraction with chloroform.magnified image
The Electrical Conductivity of Graphite Nanoplatelet Filled Conjugated Polyacrylonitrile
Authors: Green Maya , Marom Gad , Li Jing , Kim Jang‐Kyo 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe electrical conductivity of composites of exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs), including bromine‐doped GNP, and conjugated polyacrylonitrile has been investigated. The focal point is the dual nature of the graphite nanoparticles, which exhibit both intrinsic electrical conductivity and doping capability of semi‐conductive polymers such as conjugated polyacrylonitrile to form charge‐transfer complexes. The conductivity is particularly enhanced in conjugated polyacrylonitrile composites (e.g., with 6 wt.‐% graphite nanoplatelets) where the value rises from 1 × 10−10 to 2 × 10−3 S · cm−1, which reflects jointly the conductivity of the doped semi‐conductive polymer together with the percolation‐based conductivity of the particles.magnified image
Two‐dimensional chemotaxis models with fractional diffusion
Authors: Biler Piotr , Wu Gang 
Published: June 2008

AbstractIn this paper we study the Cauchy problem for the fractional diffusion equationut+ (−Δ)α/2u=∇·(u∇(Δ−1u)), generalizing the Keller–Segel model of chemotaxis, for the initial datau0in critical Besov spacesḂ(ℝ2) withr∈[1, ∞], where 1<α<2. Making use of some estimates of the linear dissipative equation in the frame of mixed time–space spaces, the Chemin ‘mono‐norm method,’ Fourier localization technique and the Littlewood–Paley theory, we obtain a local well‐posedness result. We also consider analogous ‘doubly parabolic’ models. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The generalized totally geodesic Radon transform and its application to texture analysis
Authors: Bernstein Swanhild , Hielscher Ralf , Schaeben Helmut 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe generalized totally geodesic Radon transform associates the mean values over spherical tori to a functionfdefined on 𝕊3⊂ℍ, where the elements of 𝕊3are considered as quaternions representing rotations. It is introduced into the analysis of crystallographic preferred orientation and identified with the probability density function corresponding to the angle distribution functionW. Eventually, this communication suggests a new approach to recover an approximation offfrom data samplingW. At the same time it provides additional clarification of a recently suggested method applying reproducing kernels and radial basis functions by instructive insight into its involved geometry. The focus is on the correspondence of geometrical and group features rather than on the mapping of functions and their spaces. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Management of iatrogenic foreign bodies of the bladder and urethra following pelvic floor surgery
Authors: Frenkl Tara L. , Rackley Raymond R. , Vasavada Sandip P. , Goldman Howard B. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractObjectiveLiterature regarding the management of iatrogenic foreign body in the bladder and urethra following female pelvic reconstructive surgery, especially mesh erosion, are sparse. We present our recent experience with the removal of iatrogenic foreign bodies from the bladder and urethra and propose a treatment algorithm.MethodsA retrospective review yielded 22 patients with iatrogenic foreign body in the bladder or urethra between 1/1998 and 12/2005. Presenting complaints, cystoscopic findings, operative techniques, and outcomes were reviewed.ResultsSource surgery of the iatrogenic foreign bodies included bladder suspension in 9 patients, synthetic sling in 11 patients, abdominal sacrocolpopexy and porcine dermis sling in 1 patient each. The majority of patients presented with multiple voiding dysfunctions including overactive bladder symptoms (11), incontinence (5), chronic pelvic or urethral pain (7), urinary tract infections (7), obstructive voiding symptoms (5), and gross hematuria (3). Eleven cases were managed endoscopically, 4 using the holmium laser. One patient required subsequent cystorrhaphy. Four patients were managed with urethroplasty, 4 with cystorrhaphy, and the remainder utilizing a combination of techniques. No patients required complex reconstruction with interposition flaps.ConclusionsThe diagnosis of iatrogenic foreign bodies in the lower urinary tract requires a high index of suspicion and a low threshold for performing cystoscopy. From this series, we have found that sutures can most often be managed successfully with endoscopic techniques, whereas mesh is best managed with cystorrhaphy and/or urethroplasty. To our knowledge, our series represents the largest number of reported iatrogenic foreign body removals at a single institution. Neurourol. Urodynam. 27:491–495, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The under‐controlled do it first: Childhood personality and sexual debut
Authors: Atkins Robert , Hart Daniel 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe relationship of childhood personality type to the timing of first sexual intercourse was investigated through survival analysis. Participants from the Child Sample of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth were categorized into one of the three personality types at 5 or 6 years of age: under‐controlled, resilient, and over‐controlled. Those categorized as under‐controlled at 5 or 6 years of age were more likely than those resilient or over‐controlled to have sexual intercourse before the age of 16. The extent to which three early adolescent factors—team/club membership, church attendance, and peer influence—mediate the association of childhood personality type to the timing of first sexual intercourse was also explored. The association of childhood personality to timing of first sexual intercourse was partially mediated by peer influence at 11 or 12 years of age. The findings are interpreted in light of their implications for researchers and practitioners interested in improving the health and well‐being of children and adolescents. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 31:626–639, 2008
A survey of Hong Kong nurses' perceptions of barriers to and facilitators of research utilization
Authors: Chau Janita P.C. , Lopez Violeta , Thompson David R. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA survey of 1,487 nurses was conducted to examine barriers to and facilitators of research utilization. Characteristics of the organization were the greatest barriers to research utilization; the highest ranked of these were inadequate facilities, lack of authority to change practice, lack of time, and lack of cooperation from physicians. The three highest ranked organizational facilitators were managerial support, colleague support, and education to increase nursing knowledge. Age and years of working experience were not significantly correlated with any of the subscales. To integrate the use of research evidence into the culture of various clinical settings, and with the aim of extending evidence‐based practice into the private and primary health care sectors in Hong Kong, local organizational barriers and facilitators need to be addressed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 31:640–649, 2008
Prevalence of urinary incontinence among community‐dwelling adults receiving home care
Authors: Moulin M.F.M.T. Du , Hamers J.P.H. , Ambergen A.W. , Janssen M.A.P. , Halfens R.J.G. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractWe conducted a cross‐sectional survey in 2005 to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with urinary incontinence (UI) in adults receiving home care. Of the 2,866 patients surveyed, 46% suffered from UI; 6.5% had stress, 16.6% had urge, 9% had mixed, and 17.6% had functional incontinence. No diagnosis regarding type of UI had been established in 50.2%. Factors associated with UI were advanced age, higher body mass index, and impaired mobility. UI is prevalent in older persons receiving home care, but the lack of diagnosis of type of UI in half of the participants surveyed impedes management of UI. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 31:604–612, 2008
The role of the initial bone marrow aspirate in the diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Gupta Abha , Tyrrell Pascal , Valani Rahim , Benseler Susanne , Weitzman Sheila , Abdelhaleem Mohamed 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBackgroundThe identification of hemophagocytosis (HPC) in tissue or bone marrow (BM) represents only one of 5/8 criteria needed for the diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Yet, confirmation of HPC in bone marrow aspirates (BMA) is often relied upon to make therapeutic decisions. There is no standardized reporting criteria for the definition of “positive” BMA, and likely differs between institutions. The purpose of this study was to quantify the number of HPC in the initial BMA in patients diagnosed with HLH at our institution.ProcedurePatient charts were retrospectively reviewed. Numbers of HPC were counted per 500 nucleated cells in initial BMA.ResultsFifty‐eight percent of patients had at least one HPC per 500 nucleated cells. Median number of HPC per 500 cells was 1 (0–12). Median time from initial BMA to HLH diagnosis was 0 days (−3 to 11), suggesting that HLH diagnosis was made regardless of the results of this initial BMA.ConclusionThe number of HPC at initial BMA is often low and variable, confirming that a BMA lacking HPC does not rule out the diagnosis of HLH, and a negative initial BMA should not delay therapy. We recommend that the BMA report should document negative as well as any positive findings of HPC. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51:402–404. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Estimation of the nucleation and crystal growth contributions to the overall crystallization energy barrier
Authors: Lorenzo A. T. , Müller A. J. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractClassical kinetic theories of polymer crystallization were applied to isothermal crystallization kinetics data obtained by polarized optical microscopy (PLOM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The fitted parameters that were proportional to the energy barriers obtained allow us to quantitatively estimate the nucleation and crystal growth contributions to the overall energy barrier associated to the crystallization process. It was shown that the spherulitic growth rate energy barrier found by fitting PLOM data is almost identical to that obtained by fitting the isothermal DSC crystallization data of previously self‐nucleated samples. Therefore, we demonstrated that by self‐nucleating the material at the ideal self‐nucleation (SN) temperature, the primary nucleation step can be entirely completed and the data obtained after subsequent isothermal crystallization by DSC contains only contributions from crystal growth or secondary nucleation. In this way, by employing SN followed by isothermal crystallization, we propose a simple method to obtain separate contributions of energy barriers for primary nucleation and for crystal growth, even in the case of polymers where PLOM data are very difficult to obtain (because they exhibit very small spherulites). Comparing the results obtained with poly(p‐dioxanone), poly(ε‐caprolactone), and a high 1,4 model hydrogenated polybutadiene, we have interpreted the differences in primary nucleation energy barriers as arising from differences in nuclei density. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 1478–1487, 2008
Identification and characterization of a novel O‐superfamily conotoxin from Conus litteratus
Authors: Wang Lei , Pi Canhui , Liu Junliang , Chen Shangwu , Peng Can , Sun Dandan , Zhou Maojun , Xiang Hui , Ren Zhenghua , Xu Anlong 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA novel conotoxin named lt6c, an O‐superfamily conotoxin, was identified from the cDNA library of venom duct of Conus litteratus. The full‐length cDNA contains an open reading frame encoding a predicted 22‐residue signal peptide, a 22‐residue proregion and a mature peptide of 28 amino acids. The signal peptide sequence of lt6c is highly conserved in O‐superfamily conotoxins and the mature peptide consists of six cysteines arranged in the pattern of CCCCCC that is defined the O‐superfamily of conotoxins. The mature peptide fused with thioredoxin, 6‐His tag, and a Factor Xa cleavage site was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli. About 12 mg lt6c was purified from 1L culture. Under whole‐cell patch‐clamp mode, lt6c inhibited sodium currents on adult rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. Therefore, lt6c is a novel O‐superfamily conotoxin that is able to block sodium channels. Copyright © 2008 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The climatology of small‐scale orographic precipitation over the Olympic Mountains: Patterns and processes
Authors: Minder Justin R. , Durran Dale R. , Roe Gerard H. , Anders Alison M. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe climatology of small‐scale patterns of mountain precipitation is poorly constrained, yet important for applications ranging from natural hazard assessment to understanding the geologic evolution of mountain ranges. Synthesizing four rainy seasons of high‐resolution precipitation observations and mesoscale model output (from the Penn State/NCAR MM5), reveals a persistent small‐scale pattern of precipitation over the ∼10 km wide, ∼800 m high ridges and valleys of the western Olympic Mountains, Washington State, USA. This pattern is characterized by a 50–70% excess accumulation over the ridge crests relative to the adjacent valleys in the annual mean. While the model shows excellent skill in simulating these patterns at seasonal time‐scales, major errors exist for individual storms.Investigation of a range of storm events has revealed the following mechanism for the climatological pattern. Regions of enhanced condensation of cloud water are produced by ascent in stable flow over the windward slopes of major ridges. Synoptically generated precipitation grows by collection within these clouds, leading to enhanced precipitation which is advected by the prevailing winds.Instances of atypical patterns of precipitation suggest that under certain conditions (during periods with a low freezing level, or convective cells) fundamental changes in small‐scale patterns may occur. However, case‐studies and composite analysis suggest that departures from the pattern of ridge‐top enhancement are rare; the basic patterns and processes appear robust to changes in temperature, winds, and background rainfall rates. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Secure, pseudonymous, and auditable communication in vehicularad hocnetworks
Authors: Kamat Pandurang , Baliga Arati , Trappe Wade 
Published: June 2008

AbstractVehicularad hocnetworks (VANETs) represent a promising new communication technology that can facilitate many new forms of automotive applications. Many of the applications that will run on these networks will require a high degree of security and privacy. In this paper, we present a robust and efficient security framework for vehicular networks suited for both inter‐vehicular and vehicle‐to‐infrastructure communication. Our system uses identity‐based cryptography (IBC) to provide authentication, confidentiality, non‐repudiation, and message integrity. It exploits the implicit authentication provided by IBC to significantly reduce the security/privacy‐related communication overhead. Additionally, it provides scalable, user‐customizable security and privacy using short‐lived, authenticated, and unforgeable, pseudonyms. This feature can be used by VANET applications that require quantifiable trust and privacy to provide differentiated service based on various levels of trust and privacy thresholds. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation and Application of Fluorinated Cationic Surfactants
Authors: Mohamed M. Z. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractFour fluorinated cationic surfactants were prepared by condensing 2,2,3,3, tetrafluoro‐1‐propyl chloroacetate with stoichiometric amounts of pyridine, 2‐hydroxypyridine, 8‐hydroxyquinoline and 8‐hydroxyquinaldine to produce four quaternary ammonium salts. The surface and biocidal properties of these surfactants were investigated. Surface properties of their solutions including surface tension, critical micelle concentration (CMC), effectiveness (Πcmc), maximum surface excess (Γmax) and minimum surface area (Amin) were investigated with respect to different concentrations at 25 °C. Standard free energies of micellization and adsorption of the prepared surfactants in the aqueous solution were studied. The biocidal activity was determined via the inhibition zone diameter of prepared compounds which tested against six strains as a representative group of microorganisms.
Fluorescence Techniques Using Dehydroergosterol to Study Cholesterol Trafficking
Authors: McIntosh Avery L. , Atshaves Barbara P. , Huang Huan , Gallegos Adalberto M. , Kier Ann B. , Schroeder Friedhelm 
Published: June 2008

AbstractCholesterol itself has very few structural/chemical features suitable for real‐time imaging in living cells. Thus, the advent of dehydroergosterol [ergosta‐5,7,9(11),22‐tetraen‐3β‐ol, DHE] the fluorescent sterol most structurally and functionally similar to cholesterol to date, has proven to be a major asset for real‐time probing/elucidating the sterol environment and intracellular sterol trafficking in living organisms. DHE is a naturally occurring, fluorescent sterol analog that faithfully mimics many of the properties of cholesterol. Because these properties are very sensitive to sterol structure and degradation, such studies require the use of extremely pure (>98%) quantities of fluorescent sterol. DHE is readily bound by cholesterol‐binding proteins, is incorporated into lipoproteins (from the diet of animals or by exchange in vitro), and for real‐time imaging studies is easily incorporated into cultured cells where it co‐distributes with endogenous sterol. Incorporation from an ethanolic stock solution to cell culture media is effective, but this process forms an aqueous dispersion of DHE crystals which can result in endocytic cellular uptake and distribution into lysosomes which is problematic in imaging DHE at the plasma membrane of living cells. In contrast, monomeric DHE can be incorporated from unilamellar vesicles by exchange/fusion with the plasma membrane or from DHE‐methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (DHE‐MβCD) complexes by exchange with the plasma membrane. Both of the latter techniques can deliver large quantities of monomeric DHE with significant distribution into the plasma membrane. The properties and behavior of DHE in protein‐binding, lipoproteins, model membranes, biological membranes, lipid rafts/caveolae, and real‐time imaging in living cells indicate that this naturally occurring fluorescent sterol is a useful mimic for probing the properties of cholesterol in these systems.
Synthesis of Carbonated Vernonia Oil
Authors: Mann Noel , Mendon Sharathkumar K. , Rawlins James W. , Thames Shelby F. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe research objective was to determine whether naturally occurring epoxy functional vernonia oil would result in lower viscosity compounds after converting the virgin oil into the cyclic carbonate using supercritical carbon dioxide as the reactant. The cyclic carbonate was produced using relatively mild conditions as described in the paper. Carbonated vernonia oil retains the characteristic low viscosity of vernonia oil, and offers potential as a valuable, biobased intermediate for synthesizing low viscosity resins.
Evaluation of time memory in acutely depressed patients, manic patients, and healthy controls using a time reproduction task
Authors: Mahlberg Richard , Kienast Thorsten , Bschor Tom , Adli Mazda 
Published: June 2008

AbstractPatients with affective disorders have often been reported to experience subjective changes in how they perceive the flow of time. Time reproduction tasks provide information about the memory component of time perception and are thought to remain unaffected by pulse rate disturbances in the pacemaker of the internal clock.In our study, 30 patients with acute depression, 30 patients with acute mania, and 30 healthy subjects of all age groups were presented with a time reproduction task. Participants were asked to observe a stimulus presented on a computer screen for a certain length of time and, subsequently, to reproduce the stimulus for a similar length of time by pressing the space bar on the computer keyboard. Stimuli were presented to each subject for 1, 6, and 37 s.On average, the time intervals reproduced by manic patients were shorter than those reproduced by depressed patients. Manic patients reproduced the short time interval (6 s) correctly, but under-reproduced the long time interval (37 s, P < 0.001). Depressed patients correctly reproduced the long time interval, but over-reproduced the short time interval (P < 0.001).Remembering time intervals as having been longer than they actually were may lead to a slowed experience of time, as has been described in depressed patients; precisely the converse seems to apply to manic patients.