bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrin cytoplasmic domain‐associated protein‐1 (ICAP‐1) interacts with the ROCK‐I kinase at the plasma membrane
Authors: Stroeken Peter J.M. , Alvarez Belén , Rheenen Jacco van , Wijnands Yvonne M. , Geerts Dirk , Jalink Kees , Roos Ed 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe integrin cytoplasmic domain‐associated protein‐1 (ICAP‐1) binds via its C‐terminal PTB (phosphotyrosine‐binding) domain to the cytoplasmic tails of β1 but not other integrins. Using the yeast two‐hybrid assay, we found that ICAP‐1 binds the ROCK‐I kinase, an effector of the RhoA GTPase. By coimmunoprecipitation we show that ICAP‐1 and ROCK form complexes in cells and that ICAP‐1 contains two binding sites for ROCK. In cells transfected with both ICAP‐1 and ROCK, the proteins colocalized at the cell membrane predominantly in lamellipodia and membrane ruffles, but also in retraction fibers. ROCK was not found at these sites when ICAP‐1 was not co‐transfected, indicating that ICAP‐1 translocated ROCK. In lamellipodia ICAP‐1 and ROCK colocalized with endogenous β1 integrins and this colocalization was also observed with the isolated ICAP‐1 PTB domain. The plasma membrane localization of ROCK did not depend on β1 integrin ligation or ROCK kinase activity, and in truncated ROCK proteins it required the presence of the ICAP‐1‐binding domain. To show that the interaction was direct, we measured fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) fused to ICAP‐1 and yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) fused to ROCK. FRET was observed in lamellipodia in cells that were induced to spread. These results indicate that ICAP‐1‐mediated binding of ROCK to β1 integrin serves to localize the ROCK‐I kinase to both the leading edge and the trailing edge where ROCK affects cell migration. J. Cell. Physiol. 208: 620–628, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exacerbated tissue destruction in DSS‐induced acute colitis of OPN‐null mice is associated with downregulation of TNF‐α expression and non‐programmed cell death
Authors: da Silva Andre Paes Batista , Pollett Aaron , Rittling Susan R. , Denhardt David T. , Sodek Jaro , Zohar Ron 
Published: June 2006

AbstractOsteopontin (OPN), a pro‐inflammatory mediator, is constitutively expressed in normal gut and is upregulated in inflammatory colitis. To determine the significance of OPN in inflammatory bowel disease, we studied the development of acute, experimental colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in OPN‐null and wild‐type (WT) mice. OPN expression was markedly increased in WT diseased colons, while a higher disease activity index, including spleen enlargement, bowel shortening, and mucosal destruction, was observed in OPN‐null mice. Although peripheral blood neutrophil numbers were lower in DSS‐treated OPN‐null mice, tissue myeloperoxidase levels, reflecting enhanced neutrophil activity, were increased in the diseased colons. In comparison, lymphocyte numbers in peripheral blood were increased earlier than in DSS‐treated WT mice. Despite a significantly greater spleen enlargement, flow cytometric analysis of splenocytes from the DSS‐treated OPN‐null mice revealed lower numbers of differentiated macrophages and (CD4+ and CD8α+) lymphocytes. Whereas pro‐inflammatory cytokines, including G‐CSF, RANTES, MIP1α, and TNF‐α, were increased <10‐fold in DSS‐treated WT splenocytes, expression of these cytokines was dramatically suppressed in the DSS‐treated OPN‐null splenocytes as well as gut tissues. The suppressed TNF‐α response in OPN‐null mice was reflected in a marked increase in non‐apoptotic cell death in diseased colons. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that OPN is required for mucosal protection in acute inflammatory colitis. J. Cell. Physiol. 208: 629–639, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stage‐specific germ‐somatic cell interaction directs the primordial folliculogenesis in mouse fetal ovaries
Authors: Lei Lei , Zhang Hua , Jin Shiying , Wang Fengchao , Fu Maoyong , Wang Haibin , Xia Guoliang 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe mechanism regulating primordial follicle formation remains largely unexplored because of the developmental particularity of female germ cells and their ultimate functional structure as follicles. Using an in vitro follicle reconstitution culture model, we explored, in the present study, the possibility of producing transgenetic follicles in vitro. We found that mouse fetal ovarian germ cells progressively lose the flexibility for gene manipulation with their oogonia‐oocyte transformation upon entering meiosis, the borderline of which was at around embryonic age of 13.5 days post coitus (dpc). Interestingly, we further observed that fetal ovarian cells, only at this age or beyond achieve the capacity to reform the follicles in culture. Screening of well‐known marker gene (Zp1‐3, Figα, and Cx43) expression in cultured fetal ovarian cells of various developmental ages revealed that Figα is one of the determining factors for normal primordial follicle formation. By conducting reciprocal follicle reconstitution experiments, we provided further evidence that a synchronized germ‐somatic cell interaction determines the normal duration of primordial folliculogenesis. Besides uncovering a potentially important regulatory mechanism for normal oocyte differentiation and follicle formation, this observation offers an alternative approach to produce transgenic oocytes/follicles, and thus animal models. J. Cell. Physiol. 208: 640–647, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
33S NMR spectroscopy 3. substituent effects on 33S NMR parameters in 2‐substituted ethanesulfonates
Authors: Musio Roberta , Sciacovelli Oronzo 
Published: June 2006

Abstract33S NMR parameters (chemical shifts and linewidths) in 2‐substituted sodium ethanesulfonates, XCH2CH2SO3Na (X = H, CH3, OH, SH, NH2, Cl, Br, NH3+) depend upon the electronic properties of substituents. To explain experimental results and obtain additional information on the origin of the observed substituent effect (SE), sulfur isotropic absolute shielding constants have been calculated at DFT level of theory (B3LYP/6‐311 + + G(2d,p)) by gauge‐including atomic orbitals (GIAO) method. Data have been interpreted with the aid of natural bond orbital (NBO) method and natural chemical shielding (NCS) analysis. It has been demonstrated that in the class of compounds considered the diamagnetic contribution to sulfur‐shielding constant is constant and the observed upfield shift of 33S resonance induced by electron‐withdrawing substituents (reverse chemical shift effect) can be related to variations of the paramagnetic contribution. Substituents with different electronic properties cause variations in the polarization of SC and SO bonds of the CSO3− moiety thus determining changes of the electron density at sulfur nucleus and consequently the expansion or contraction of 3p sulfur orbitals. Also oxygen lone‐pairs and sulfur core 2p electrons can play an active role in determining the paramagnetic contribution to sulfur shielding. With regard to linewidth variations, they can be ascribed primarily to changes in the nuclear quadrupole coupling constant values. B3LYP/6‐311 + + G(2d,p) method allows obtaining a good reproducibility of SE on the electric field gradient (EFG) at sulfur, although its values tend to be underestimated significantly. Moreover, 17O shielding constants have been calculated. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effusion and solid lymphomas have distinctive gene and protein expression profiles in an animal model of primary effusion lymphoma
Authors: Yanagisawa Y , Sato Y , Asahi‐Ozaki Y , Ito E , Honma R , Imai J , Kanno T , Kano M , Akiyama H , Sata T , Shinkai‐Ouchi F , Yamakawa Y , Watanabe S , Katano H 
Published: June 2006

AbstractLymphoma usually forms solid tumours in patients, and high expression levels of adhesion molecules are observed in these tumours. However, Kaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV)‐related primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) does not form solid tumours and adhesion molecule expression is suppressed in the cells. Inoculation of a KSHV‐associated PEL cell line into the peritoneal cavity of severe combined immunodeficiency mice resulted in the formation of effusion and solid lymphomas in the peritoneal cavity. Proteomics using two‐dimensional difference gel electrophoresis and DNA microarray analyses identified 14 proteins and 105 genes, respectively, whose expression differed significantly between effusion and solid lymphomas. Five genes were identified as having similar expression profiles to that of lymphocyte function‐associated antigen 1, an important adhesion molecule in leukocytes. Among these, coronin 1A, an actin‐binding protein, was identified as a molecule showing high expression in solid lymphoma by both DNA microarray and proteomics analyses. Western and northern blotting showed that coronin 1A was predominantly expressed in solid lymphomas. Moreover, KSHV‐encoded lytic proteins, including viral interleukin‐6, were highly expressed in effusion lymphoma compared with solid lymphoma. These data demonstrate that effusion and solid lymphomas possess distinctive gene and protein expression profiles in our mouse model, and suggest that differences in gene and protein expression between effusion and solid lymphomas may be associated with the formation of effusion lymphoma or invasive features of solid lymphoma. Furthermore, the results obtained using this combination of proteomics and DNA microarray analyses indicate that protein synthesis partly reflects, but does not correlate strictly with, mRNA production. Copyright © 2006 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular architecture and rheological characterization of novel intramolecularly crosslinked polystyrene nanoparticles
Authors: Tuteja Anish , Mackay Michael E. , Hawker Craig J. , Van Horn Brooke , Ho Derek L. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractNovel polystyrene nanoparticles were synthesized by the controlled intramolecular crosslinking of linear polymer chains to produce well‐defined single‐molecule nanoparticles of varying molecular mass, corresponding directly to the original linear precursor chain. These nanoparticles are ideal to study the relaxation dynamics/processes of high molecular mass polymer melts, as the high degree of intramolecular crosslinking potentially inhibits entanglements. Both the nanoparticles and their linear analogs were characterized by measuring their intrinsic viscosity, hydrodynamic radius (Rh), and radius of gyration (Rg). The ratio Rg/Rh was computed to characterize the molecular architecture of the nanoparticles in solution, revealing a shift toward the constant density sphere limit with increasing crosslink density and molecular mass. Further, confirming particulate behavior, Kratky plots obtained from neutron scattering data show a shift toward particle‐like nature. The rheological behavior of the particles was found to be strongly dependent on both the extent of intramolecular crosslinking and molecular mass, with a minimal viscosity change at low crosslinking levels and a gel‐like behavior evident for a large degree of crosslinking. These and other results suggest the presence of a secondary mode of polymer relaxation/movement besides reptation, which in this case, is influenced by the total number of crosslinked loops present in the nanoparticle. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 1930–1947, 2006
Investigation of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone sulfone)/heteropolyacid composite membranes for high temperature fuel cell applications
Authors: Wang Zhe , Ni Hongzhe , Zhao Chengji , Li Xianfeng , Fu Tiezhu , Na Hui 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone sulfone) (SPEEKS)/heteropolyacid (HPA) composite membranes with different HPA content in SPEEKS copolymers matrix with different degree of sulfonation (DS) were investigated for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Composite membranes were characterized by Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR band shifts suggested that the sulfonic acid groups on the copolymer backbone strongly interact with HPA particles. SEM pictures showed that the HPA particles were uniformly distributed throughout the SPEEKS membranes matrix and particle sizes decreased with the increment of copolymers' DS. The holes were not found in SPEEKS‐4/HPA30 (consisting of 70% SPEEKS copolymers with DS = 0.8 and 30% HPA) composite membrane after composite membranes were treated with boiling water for 24 h. Thermal stabilities of the composite membranes were better than those of pure sulfonated copolymers membranes. Although the composite membranes possessed lower water uptake, it exhibited higher proton conductivity for SPEEKS‐4/HPA30 especially at high temperature (above 100 °C). Its proton conductivity linearly increased from 0.068 S/cm at 25 °C to 0.095 S/cm at 120 °C, which was higher than 0.06 S/cm of Nafion 117. In contrast, proton conductivity of pure SPEEKS‐4 membrane only increased from 0.062 S/cm at 25 °C to 0.078 S/cm at 80 °C. At 120 °C, proton conductivity decreased to poor 0.073 S/cm. The result indicated that composite membranes exhibited high proton conductivity at high temperature. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 1967–1978, 2006
Effect of crosslink on the characteristic length of glass transition of network polymers
Authors: Sasaki Takashi , Uchida Tadashi , Sakurai Kensuke 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe characteristic length of the glass transition temperature was evaluated for crosslinked bulk polystyrenes and poly(methyl methacrylate)s by differential scanning calorimetry. The characteristic length, which corresponds to a length scale of the cooperative rearrangement due to polymer segmental relaxation, was revealed to decrease with increase in the degree of crosslink. The relative values of configurational entropy for crosslinked polymers were evaluated based on a simple polymer network model on a cubic lattice. As a result, the configurational entropy of the smallest cooperatively rearranging region was revealed to decrease with increase in the degree of crosslink, which is responsible for the above behavior of the characteristic length. The effects of crosslink on the characteristic length and the glass transition temperature were found to be stronger for crosslinked poly(methyl methacrylate)s than for crosslinked polystyrenes, which reflects the difference in the structure of crosslink segment. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 1958–1966, 2006
Oscillating spectra of polar IO and SO phonons and electron–IO and SO phonon couplings in a freestanding wurtzite quantum wire
Authors: Zhang Li , Shi Jun‐jie 
Published: June 2006

AbstractBy employing the transfer matrix method, the polar interface optical (IO) and surface optical (SO) phonon modes and the corresponding Fröhlich electron–phonon interaction Hamiltonians in a freestanding multishell wurtzite cylindrical quantum wire (QWR) are derived and studied under the dielectric continuum approximation and Loudon's uniaxial crystal model. The present theoretical scheme can be looked on as a generalization of the previous studies regarding the IO phonon modes in quasi‐one‐dimensional (Q1D) wurtzite QWRs with a certain layer‐number. Numerical calculations on a freestanding wurtzite GaN/AlN QWR are performed. The degenerating behaviors of the IO and SO phonon modes in the freestanding wurtzite QWR seem prominent in contrast to the situation of Q1D wurtzite QWR with infinite polar matrix. The calculations of the electron–phonon coupling function show that the high‐frequency IO phonon branch and SO mode play a more important role in the electron–phonon interaction. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Magnon energy gap and the magnetically structural symmetry in a three‐layer ferrimagnetic superlattice
Authors: Qiu Rong‐ke , Zhang Zhi‐dong , Guo Lian‐quan , Ying Cai‐hong , Liang Jing 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe magnon energy band in a ferrimagnetic superlattice with three layers in a unit cell is studied by employing retarded Green's functions and the spin‐wave method. Two modulated energy gaps Δω 13 and Δω 23 are evaluated systematically, which exist in the magnon energy band along the Kx ‐direction perpendicular to the plane of the superlattice. It is revealed that the energy gap Δω 13 has a direct relation with the symmetry among the spin quantum numbers and the interlayer exchange couplings, while the energy gap Δω 23 relates to the symmetry among these spin quantum numbers only. These symmetries differ from the symmetry of crystallographic point groups. We define the magnetically structural symmetry that is dominated mainly by the magnetic parameters. The absence of the energy gap at a certain condition means that the system has a high magnetically structural symmetry. The magnetically structural symmetry of the superlattice, which is an intrinsic property, strongly affects the magnon energy band structure and thus the magnetic behaviors of the system. Furthermore, two complete bandgaps are observed to extend through the Brillouin zone (referred to as “magnonic crystal”) in this superlattice system. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
EPR of VHal centres in SrS
Authors: Seeman V. , Danilkin M. , Must M. , Ots A. , Pärnoja E. , Pung L. , Tarkpea K. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractVHal centres were studied by EPR in SrS doped with halogens after X‐raying the samples at 77 K. VHal centre arises when a hole is captured by sulphide‐ion next to a cation vacancy with a halogen ion substituting the opposite sulphide‐ion. EPR parameters and thermal decay characteristics are measured for VCl, VBr, and VI centres. The efficiency of different halogens to produce and stabilise cation vacancies is shown to vary for different alkaline earth sulphides. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Development of electronic nose method for evaluation of residual solvents in low‐density polyethylene films
Authors: Yüzay Isinay E. , Selke Susan 
Published: June 2006

AbstractFlexible packaging films containing high levels of residual volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can alter the flavour and odour of packaged foods. Currently, a range of gas chromatographic techniques and sensory evaluations are used for assessing the residual VOCs in packaging films. An objective method for assessing the residual solvents from low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) was developed using an Alpha MOS Fox 3000 electronic nose (e‐nose) equipped with 12 metal oxide semiconductor sensors. Three VOCs, ethyl acetate, ethyl alcohol and toluene, were chosen as models for solvents of interest in flexible food packaging analysis. LDPE film samples were spiked with single and binary mixtures of solvents and analysed using the e‐nose and by GC–FID (HP 6890; Hewlett‐Packard Co., Wilmington, DE). The responses obtained from the e‐nose were processed using principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminate factorial analysis (DFA) in order to identify the residual solvents. Partial least squares analysis (PLS) was also used to quantify the amount of residual solvent and to correlate the e‐nose results with gas chromatography, which is currently the standard method for determining residual VOCs in packaging films. There was good agreement between the e‐nose responses and gas chromatography results for single solvents (r = 0.90–0.98). The technique also worked for binary solvent mixtures (r = 0.84–0.99). The electronic nose can be a viable alternative to traditional techniques while providing simplicity and objectivity, which would be extremely advantageous in routine quality control of residual solvents. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gray‐scale ultrasound morphology in the presence or absence of intrauterine fluid and vascularity as assessed by color Doppler for discrimination between benign and malignant endometrium in women with postmenopausal bleeding
Authors: Epstein E. , Valentin L. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractObjectiveTo determine if gray‐scale ultrasound morphology in the presence or absence of intrauterine fluid and endometrial vascular morphology as assessed by color Doppler ultrasonography can discriminate between benign and malignant endometrium in women with postmenopausal bleeding.MethodsIn a prospective study 95 consecutive women with postmenopausal bleeding and endometrial thickness ≥ 4.5 mm as measured by transvaginal ultrasound were included. Gray‐scale and color Doppler ultrasound examination of the endometrium was performed. The ultrasound examiner characterized the morphology of the endometrium before and during saline infusion and assessed the endometrial vascular tree using a predetermined classification protocol without suggesting a diagnosis. A histopathological diagnosis was obtained by operative hysteroscopy, dilatation and curettage or hysterectomy.ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences in ultrasound findings between benign and malignant endometria of uterine cavities without fluid. Heterogeneous echogenicity, irregular surface, and both heterogeneous echogenicity and irregular surface of a focal lesion (or of the endometrium in the absence of focal lesions) in a uterine cavity filled with fluid (spontaneous or infused) were significantly more common in malignant than in benign endometrium. The sensitivity, false positive rate, positive and negative likelihood ratios of these findings were as follows: heterogeneous echogenicity, 80%, 29%, 2.74, 0.28, P = 0.003; irregular surface, 89%, 33%, 2.70, 0.17, P = 0.002; and both, 78%, 12%, 6.59, 0.25, P < 0.001. Two or more vessels were found in 67% (8/12) of the malignant endometria vs. 51% (40/79) of the benign endometria (non‐significant difference). Vascular branching tended to be more common in malignant endometria (10/11; 91%) than in benign endometria (39/61; 64%), P = 0.09.ConclusionHeterogeneous echogenicity and an irregular surface of a focal lesion or of the endometrium in a fluid‐filled uterine cavity are useful ultrasound criteria for predicting endometrial malignancy. Assessment of vascular morphology using color Doppler ultrasound is of limited — if any — value for discrimination between benign and malignant endometrium. Copyright © 2006 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Non‐compaction cardiomyopathy in an adult with hereditary spherocytosis
Authors: Alter Peter , Maisch Bernhard 
Published: June 2006

AbstractA 23‐year old male (199 cm, 88 kg) presented muscular weakness due to skeletal myopathy and symptoms of heart failure NYHA functional class II. Total creatine kinase was increased up to 830 U/l, but troponin was negative. Prior episodes of intermittent atrial fibrillation were reported and 6 years ago splenectomy was performed due to hereditary spherocytosis. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed the spongy appearance of non‐compacted left ventricular myocardium. This impaired fetal morphogenesis occurred predominantly in the apical to midventricular anterior, lateral and inferior segments. Non‐compaction cardiomyopathy was initially described in paediatric patients. Occasional associations with other congenital disorders are known, e.g., Barth syndrome, which is an X‐linked disease characterized by cardio‐skeletal myopathy of variable severity and neutropenia. To our knowledge, combined occurrence of non‐compaction cardiomyopathy, skeletal myopathy and hereditary spherocytosis has not previously been reported.