bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary Intake of Lactose as a Strong Predictor for Secretor Status of Nipple Aspirate Fluid in Healthy Premenopausal Nonlactating Women
Authors: Huang Yafei , Anderson Karl E. , Nagamani Manubai , Grady James J. , Lu Lee-Jane W. 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
Purpose: Nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) is considered a potential source for discovering breast cancer biomarkers. However, the success rate of obtaining NAF was reported to vary from 48% to 77%, and mechanisms for its secretion are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate dietary, demographic, reproductive, hormonal, and anthropometric factors that are associated with the ability to obtain NAF by aspiration (secretor status) from premenopausal women.
Study Design: NAF procedures were attempted for women who were 30 to 40 years old, not pregnant, not breast-feeding, and not taking contraceptive medications.
Results: Compared with nonsecretors, secretors of NAF consumed significantly more dietary lactose (mainly from milk), were more likely to be parous, were older at first and last childbirth, breast-fed their babies for a longer period of time, and had an earlier menarche and lower plasma concentrations of 17β-estradiol (P &lt; 0.05). Using multivariate logistic regression models, higher dietary intake of lactose [odds ratio (OR), 2.7; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.5-4.8], earlier menarche (OR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.7-1.0), being parous (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.0-5.6), and being older at first childbirth (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.0-2.1) were found to be independent and positive predictors for being a secretor of NAF.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that dietary intake of lactose, a modifiable factor, may be used to change the NAF secretor status of women. This finding may facilitate the use of NAF as a diagnostic material for detecting breast diseases.
A Multiparametric Serum Kallikrein Panel for Diagnosis of Non–Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Planque Chris , Li Lin , Zheng Yingye , Soosaipillai Antoninus , Reckamp Karen , Chia David , Diamandis Eleftherios P. , Goodglick Lee 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
Purpose: Human tissue kallikreins are a family of 15 secreted serine proteases. We have previously shown that the expression of several tissue kallikreins is significantly altered at the transcriptional level in lung cancer. Here, we examined the clinical value of 11 members of the tissue kallikrein family as potential biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis.
Experimental Design: Serum specimens from 51 patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and from 50 healthy volunteers were collected. Samples were analyzed for 11 kallikreins (KLK1, KLK4-8, and KLK10-14) by specific ELISA. Data were statistically compared and receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed for each kallikrein and for various combinations.
Results: Compared with sera from normal subjects, sera of patients with NSCLC had lower levels of KLK5, KLK7, KLK8, KLK10, and KLK12, and higher levels of KLK11, KLK13, and KLK14. Expression of KLK11 and KLK12 was positively correlated with stage. With the exception of KLK5, expression of kallikreins was independent of smoking status and gender. KLK11, KLK12, KLK13, and KLK14 were associated with higher risk of NSCLC as determined by univariate analysis and confirmed by multivariate analysis. The receiver operating characteristic curve of KLK4, KLK8, KLK10, KLK11, KLK12, KLK13, and KLK14 combined exhibited an area under the curve of 0.90 (95% confidence interval, 0.87-0.97).
Conclusions: We propose a multiparametric panel of kallikrein markers for lung cancer diagnosis with relatively good accuracy. This model requires validation with a larger series and may be further improved by addition of other biomarkers.
Germ Cell Origin of Testicular Carcinoid Tumors
Authors: Abbosh Phillip H. , Zhang Shaobo , MacLennan Gregory T. , Montironi Rodolfo , Lopez-Beltran Antonio , Rank Joseph P. , Baldridge Lee Ann , Cheng Liang 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
Purpose: Carcinoids are neuroendocrine tumors and most frequently occur within tissues derived from the embryonic gut. These tumors can occur in any organ site but are rare in the testis. The cell type giving rise to testicular carcinoid is unknown. We hypothesized that testicular carcinoid may have a germ cell origin.
Experimental Design: We describe our analysis of protein and genetic markers of germ cell neoplasia, using immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization, in four testicular carcinoid tumors.
Results: All four cases of testicular carcinoid tumor arose in a background of mature teratoma. Isochromosome 12p was identified in carcinoid tumor cells in all four samples. 12p overrepresentation was also observed in three cases. Isochromosome 12p and 12p overrepresentation were present in cells of coexisting mature teratoma in three cases. Carcinoid tumors showed strong immunoreactivity for synaptophysin and chromogranin, but no immunoreactivity for OCT4, CD30, c-kit, TTF-1, and CDX2. Membranous and cytoplasmic staining for β-catenin was detected in three cases.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that testicular carcinoid represents a phenotypic expression of testicular teratoma and is of germ cell origin.
Targeted Intraoperative Radiotherapy Impairs the Stimulation of Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion Caused by Surgical Wounding
Authors: Belletti Barbara , Vaidya Jayant S. , D'Andrea Sara , Entschladen Frank , Roncadin Mario , Lovat Francesca , Berton Stefania , Perin Tiziana , Candiani Ezio , Reccanello Sonia , Veronesi Andrea , Canzonieri Vincenzo , Trovò Mauro G. , Zaenker Kurt S. , Colombatti Alfonso , Baldassarre Gustavo , Massarut Samuele 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
Purpose: After apparently successful excision of breast cancer, risk of local recurrence remains high mainly in the area surrounding the original tumor, indicating that wound healing processes may be implicated. The proportional reduction of this risk by radiotherapy does not depend on the extent of surgery, suggesting that radiotherapy, in addition to killing tumor cells, may influence the tumor microenvironment.
Experimental Design: We studied how normal and mammary carcinoma cell growth and motility are affected by surgical wound fluids (WF), collected over 24 h following breast-conserving surgery in 45 patients, 20 of whom had received additional TARGeted Intraoperative radioTherapy (TARGIT), immediately after the surgical excision. The proteomic profile of the WF and their effects on the activation of intracellular signal transduction pathways of breast cancer cells were also analyzed.
Results: WF stimulated proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cell lines. The stimulatory effect was almost completely abrogated when fluids from TARGIT-treated patients were used. These fluids displayed altered expression of several cytokines and failed to properly stimulate the activation of some intracellular signal transduction pathways, when compared with fluids harvested from untreated patients.
Conclusions: Delivery of TARGIT to the tumor bed alters the molecular composition and biological activity of surgical WF. This novel antitumoral effect could, at least partially, explain the very low recurrence rates found in a large pilot study using TARGIT. It also opens a novel avenue for identifying new molecular targets and testing novel therapeutic agents.
Intravesical Chemotherapy of High-Grade Bladder Cancer with HTI-286, A Synthetic Analogue of the Marine Sponge Product Hemiasterlin
Authors: Hadaschik Boris A. , Adomat Hans , Fazli Ladan , Fradet Yves , Andersen Raymond J. , Gleave Martin E. , So Alan I. 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
Purpose: HTI-286 is a fully synthetic analogue of the natural tripeptide hemiasterlin that inhibits tubulin polymerization and has strong cytotoxic potential. In this study, we evaluate the inhibitory effects of HTI-286 on human bladder cancer growth, both in vitro and as an intravesical agent in an orthotopic murine model.
Experimental Design: Various bladder cancer cell lines were treated with HTI-286 and mitomycin C (MMC) in vitro. Human KU-7 bladder tumor cells that stably express firefly luciferase were inoculated in female nude mice by intravesical instillation and quantified using bioluminescence imaging. Mice with established KU-7-luc tumors were given HTI-286 or MMC intravesically twice a week for 2 h. Pharmacokinetic data was obtained using high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analyses.
Results: In vitro, HTI-286 was a potent inhibitor of proliferation in all tested cell lines and induced marked increases in apoptosis of KU-7-luc cells even after brief exposure. In vivo, HTI-286 significantly delayed cancer growth of bladder tumors in a dose-dependent fashion. HTI-286, at a concentration of 0.2 mg/mL, had comparable strong cytotoxicity as 2.0 mg/mL of MMC. The estimated systemic bioavailability of intravesically given HTI-286 was 1.5% to 2.1% of the initial dose.
Conclusions: Intravesical HTI-286 instillation therapy showed promising antitumor activity and minimal toxicity in an orthotopic mouse model of high-grade bladder cancer. These findings provide preclinical proof-of-principle for HTI-286 as an intravesical therapy for nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer and warrant further evaluation of efficacy and safety in early-phase clinical trials.
Trauma counselling
Authors: Kasiram Madhubala , Khosa Vusi 
Published: March 2008

English In this article, the authors contend that trauma needs to be viewed not only from an individual and family perspective, but also from a community perspective. This would necessitate the combined use of trauma theory, family therapy theory and community family therapy approaches. French Dans cet article, les auteurs soutiennent que les traumas nécessitent d'être vus non seulement à partir d'une perspective individuelle et familiale mais aussi à partir d'une perspective communautaire. Ceci nécessite l'utilisation combinée de la théorie du trauma, de la théorie de la thérapie familiale et des approches communautaires de la thérapie familiale. Spanish En este artículo, los autores sostienen que el trauma necesita ser visto no sólo desde la perspectiva individual y familiar, sino también desde la perspectiva comunitaria. Esto requeriría del uso combinado de la teoría del trauma, la teoría de la terapia familiar y los acercamientos a la terapia familiar comunitaria.
Morris Maduro
Authors: Mays Hoopes Laura L. 
Published: March 2008

Note from the Editor Educator Highlights for CBE—Life Sciences Education show how professors at different kinds of institutions educate students in life sciences with inspiration and panache. If you have a particularly creative teaching portfolio yourself, or if you wish to nominate an inspiring colleague to be profiled, please e-mail Laura Hoopes at lhoopes@pomona.edu .
Direct α-Oxytosylation of Ketones by Using Pentavalent Organobismuth Reagents
Authors: Sakurai Naoto , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
A new method for the preparation of α-tosyloxy ketones by a direct oxytosylation of ketones using a combination of heterocyclic pentavalent organobismuth compounds and p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate is described.
A Luminescent Nonlinear-chain Tetracyanoplatinate(II) Forming a Charge-transfer Complex with Methyl Viologen
Authors: Shiota Daisuke , Matsushita Nobuyuki 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
We display that a tetracyanoplatinate(II) forming a charge-transfer complex with methyl viologen dication in the crystal exhibits intense luminescence despite no direct Pt···Pt interaction.
Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Magnetic Properties of a Stable Aminoxyl Radical and Its Copper(II) Complex
Authors: Zhu Zhicheng , Mikuriya Masahiro 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
A novel aminoxyl radical 4-(N-adamantanyloxyamino)-3,5-dichloropyridine (1), its hydroxylamine precursor (2) and copper(II) complex 3 with 1 were prepared and structurally characterized. The crystal structures of 1 and 3 showed the radical plane twists from pyridine ring. The density functional theory (DFT) calculation revealed that most of the spin (95.1%) locates on the radical group, while the pyridine nitrogen atom carries 0.4% spin. Temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibilities (2–300 K) of 3 indicated intramolecular interaction between radical and copper(II) ion is ferromagnetic.
A Novel Efficient FRET System: CePO4:Tb3+ Nanocrystal as Donor and Rhodamine B Dye as Accepter
Authors: Wang Lun , Qian Binbin , Chen Hongqi , Liu Yan , Liang Ani 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
By using a facile, wet-chemical approach, luminescent nanocrystals were prepared from nitrate and sodium tripolyphosphate precursors. These nanocrystals were stable and have extremely narrow emission bands and high dispersiblility. A novel fluorescence resonance energy-transfer (FRET) system with CePO4:Tb3+ nanocrystals as energy donor and Rhodamine B (RhB) dye as energy accepter was developed. The results showed that the FRET process occurred between CePO4:Tb3+ nanocrystal donor and Rhodamine B acceptor efficiently.
Surface Bottom-up Fabrication of Porphyrin-terminated Metal Complex Molecular Wires with Photo-electron Conversion Properties on ITO
Authors: Miyachi Mariko , Ohta Makiko , Nakai Misaki , Kubota Yoshihiro , Yamanoi Yoshinori , Yonezawa Tetsu , Nishihara Hiroshi 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
We fabricated photoelectron conversion system with porphyrin-terminated “molecular wires” on an ITO surface synthesized using stepwise metal–terpyridine complexation reactions. The efficiency and the electrode potential singnificantly depended on the metal center of the bis(terpyridine) complex unit in the molecular wire.
Accelerated Dissolution of Fatty Acid Particles at the Oil–Water Interface
Authors: Nonomura Yoshimune , Yamane Masahiro 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
We found self-motion and accelerated dissolution of a fatty acid particle at the oil–water interface. The dissolution time at the interface was 15–20 times shorter than that in the oil phase. The driving force of the self-motion and the accelerated dissolution is the Marangoni flow induced by the spatial heterogeneity of a fatty acid layer at the oil–water interface.
Reproducible Single-molecule Conductance Measurements of 1,4-Benzenedithiol with Break Junction Methods by Diluting It in a Thin Insulating Monolayer
Authors: Fujii Shintaro , Akiba Uichi , Fujihira Masamichi 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
We demonstrate here a new sample preparation method satisfying requirements for ideal single-molecule conductance measurements using break junction methods. By diluting a targeted dithiol in an insulating self-assembled monolayer of a short methane thiolate with an adamantane cage on Au(111), we succeeded in constructing reproducible conductance histograms with clear peaks for the dithiol using all measured conductance traces.
Influence on the SBA-3 Structure by Alkaline or Alkaline Earth Ions
Authors: Falini Giuseppe , Tosi Giovanna , Fermani Simona , Roveri Norberto 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
Alkaline and alkaline earth cations have been used in the synthesis of SBA-3, a silica mesoporous materials. These cations can not substitute silicon in the silica structure. However, we found that SBA-3 surface area, pore size and thickness, periodic order, and microporosity were affected by the presence of lithium, magnesium, or calcium ions. Chemical interactions among these ions and silica species are supposed to occur on the SBA-3 pore surface.
Measurement of blood glucose: comparison between different types of specimens
Authors: Carstensen Bendix , Lindström J , Sundvall J , Borch-Johnsen K , Tuomilehto J 
Published: March 2008

Aim To provide conversion formulae between measurements based on different specimens in use in epidemiological studies and clinical practice, and to evaluate the relative precision for the different methods. Background The current guidelines emphasize the use of venous plasma for determining glucose concentration. Nevertheless, the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines provide cut-off points for different specimens for the determination of the glucose concentration in circulating blood (venous plasma, whole blood, serum and capillary blood). There is a lack of data about the comparability between the values obtained by using different specimens. Methods Eleven different combinations of specimens and methods of measurement of blood glucose were used in 294 blood samples from 74 subjects. The methods were grouped by the specimen used for analysis (venous plasma, whole blood, serum and capillary blood). Results The result of the analysis is a set of linear equations allowing conversion of the result from one specimen or method to another. Furthermore, it was estimated how much of the variation for each method can be attributed to laboratory variance. Conclusions Measurements based on capillary blood had a very large variability compared with other methods. Measurements based on venous whole blood tended to give results 0.5 mmol/L lower than other methods. Our data indicate that the current diagnostic cut-off points, as recommended by WHO for non-plasma specimens, are not fully compatible and may differ as much as 0.5 mmol/L between specimens.
Audit of internal quality control practice and processes in the south-east of England and suggested regional standards
Authors: Housley David , Kearney Edward , English Emma , Smith Natalie , Teal Teresa , Mazurkiewicz Janina , Freedman Danielle B 
Published: March 2008

Background Internal quality control (IQC) has a long and well-established role in clinical biochemistry laboratories. However, despite the duration of use, and the publication of several articles detailing best practice, the implementation and use of IQC vary significantly between institutions. Consequently, the North Thames Audit and Quality Assurance Group undertook a region-wide audit of current IQC practice in 2006. Methods On aspects of IQC testing, interpretation and laboratory processes, 54 laboratories in the region were audited. Results Audit data showed significant variability in all aspects of practice, including IQC frequency, use of appropriate material, statistical processing and grades of staff involved. Conclusions Some of the variation in practice may affect the effectiveness of laboratory IQC, and thus the adequacy of a laboratory to monitor system performance. Consequently, a set of proposed regional standards have been developed and disseminated, prior to re-audit at a future date.
Accuracy and clinical implications of seven 25-hydroxyvitamin D methods compared with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry as a reference
Authors: Roth Heinz Jürgen , Schmidt-Gayk Heinrich , Weber Holger , Niederau Christoph 
Published: March 2008

Background The most reliable assessment of vitamin D status is measurement of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration. High variability in 25(OH)D measurements due to utilized test and assay technologies and the lack of standardization against reference materials and reference method often confounds proper assessment of vitamin D status. Methods We evaluated the accuracy of six routinely available methodologies: high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the IDS-radioimmunoassay (IDS-RIA) and enzyme immunoassay (IDS-EIA), the Nichols Advantage automated protein-binding assay (Advantage), two versions of the DiaSorin automated immunoassay (Liaison 1 and Liaison 2) – and one prototype automated immunoassay (Elecsys) for assessment of the 25(OH)D3 status in a cohort of 300 randomly selected patients' samples compared with the reference method liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results Passing-Bablok regression analysis demonstrated a slope for each method compared with LC-MS/MS that varied from 0.62 (IDS-EIA) to 1.0 (HPLC). The Advantage and the Liaison 1 showed significant deviation from linearity with highly variable individual results vs. the LC-MS/MS. Difference plots revealed a considerable persistent proportional bias for the IDS-RIA and IDS-EIA. All evaluated methods except HPLC demonstrated a more or less considerable deviation of individual 25(OH)D3 values compared with LC-MS/MS defined target concentrations. Conclusions Standardization of methods for the quantification of 25(OH)D on a human-based sample panel by means of LC-MS/MS would help to reduce the inter-method variability with respect to accuracy existing in 25(OH)D measurement considerably. However, there will still remain differences in the accuracy of methods utilizing sample purification before final quantification or immunological reaction when compared with those methods without separate sample purification.
Intraindividual variation in serum thyroid hormones, parathyroid hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1
Authors: Ankrah-Tetteh T , Wijeratne S , Swaminathan R 
Published: March 2008

Background Biological variation of an analyte is an important determinant of its usefulness. Intraindividual variation in serum thyroid hormones, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in healthy subjects was determined in this study. Methods Blood samples were taken at weekly intervals for six weeks from 10 healthy subjects and analysed for serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), PTH and IGF-1. Results Intraindividual variations for serum FT4 and FT3 were <5.0%, IGF-1 9.4% and TSH and PTH 25.1% and 25.9%, respectively. Index of individuality was lowest for FT4 (0.42) and FT3 (0.38), and highest for PTH (1.09). Conclusion Intraindividual variation for FT4, FT3 and IGF-1 are low.
Adverse metabolic profiles in a cohort of obese Irish children
Authors: Finucane F M , Teong L , Pittock S , Fallon M , Hatunic M , Costigan C , Murphy N , Crowley V E F , Nolan J J 
Published: March 2008

Background The metabolic characteristics of obese Irish children are not well defined. We prospectively examined the relationship between the degree of obesity and glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity and suspected non-alcoholic steatohepatosis (NASH) in a pilot study of obese Irish children. Methods We measured height, weight, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, waist and hip circumference in 18 participants (mean age 15.5 years). Fasting blood glucose, insulin, lipid profile and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations were also measured. A standard 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed and insulin sensitivity was derived from this using a mathematical model – oral glucose insulin sensitivity. Results There were significant associations between the degree of obesity, insulin sensitivity and markers of liver steatosis. For example, when adjusted for pubertal status, there were significant associations between standardized BMI and insulin sensitivity (regression coefficient, β= −70.1, P= 0.018) and ALT ( β= 20.7, P= 0.007) Conclusion This study suggests that the degree of obesity is associated with lower insulin sensitivity and possible NASH in obese Irish children.