bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Characterization of Charantin Loaded Transferosomes based Transdermal Formulation: An Effective and Patient Friendly Way for Diabetes Management
Authors: Singh Kamaldeep , Sharma Vijay 
Published: April 2024

Transferosomes, marvels of scientific ingenuity, represent exquisitely optimized and ultra- deformable (ultra-flexible) lipid supramolecular aggregates, uniquely capable of traversing the mammalian skin intact. These remarkable carrier systems have harnessed the power of transdermal delivery, enabling the transport of drugs, irrespective of their molecular weight from the tiniest compounds to the most substantial ones. The incorporation of Charantin into transferosomal gel formulation holds immense promise in advancing topical therapeutics. Charantin, a bioactive compound derived from Momordica charantia, possesses potent medicinal properties with antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. When integrated into the lipid-based transferosomal system, Charantin's efficacy is significantly amplified due to enhanced skin penetration and improved stability against degradation. The versatile nature of transferosomal gels allows for encapsulating both hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds, making it an ideal carrier for Charantin regardless of its solubility characteristics. Driven by the pursuit of excellence, the present study sought to masterfully optimize the Transferosomes to orchestrate an unparalleled symphony of enhanced skin delivery for Charantin.
Determinan Praktik Penghindaran Pajak
Authors: Tiara Rani Santoso  
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh pertumbuhan penjualan, konservatisme akuntansi dan risiko perusahaan terhadap penghindaran pajak. Penghindaran pajak dalam penelitian ini dihitung menggunakan CETR. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan perusahaan makanan dan minuman yang berasal dari Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2017-2021. Total sampel yang digunakan adalah sebanyak 80. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dan data dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda menggunakan SPSS versi 26. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pertumbuhan penjualan berpengaruh negatif terhadap penghindaran pajak. Konservatisme akuntansi dan risiko perusahaan tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak.
Unveiling the potential role of ARID3A in the colon adenocarcinoma Immune Microenvironment using TCGA Data
Authors: Baldi Salem , Gao Yaqin , Mohammed Shadi A.D. , Alnadari Fawze , AL-Mogahed Maged , Alazizi Esmail M. Y. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The tumour microenvironment can be shaped by tumour-infiltrating immune cells that control the fate of immunotherapy effects. The association between AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 3A (ARID3A) and immune cell infiltration and oxidative stress in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remains unknown. In the current study, we explored the correlation between ARID3A expression, immune cell infiltration, and potential pathological pathways in COAD. ARID3A expression level in COAD were analyzed by the TNMplot and GEPIA2 using COAD TCGA databases. ARID3A expression was significantly higher in COAD tissues than adjacent normal tissues and associated with adverse outcome in COAD patients. Immunohistochemistry staining for ARID3A reveals no positivity staining in normal human colon tissue but varying degrees of positivity in malignant colon tissue. ARID3A showed a strong negative correlation with tumour-infiltrating NK and CD8+ T cells, and a positive correlation with macrophages and neutrophils infiltration in COAD patients. These findings suggest that ARID3A is a potential prognostic biomarker that could promote COAD progression and negatively correlates with tumor immune cells infiltration in the COAD microenvironment. ARID3A gene affects cellular oxidative stress and other important pathological pathways in cancer. In conclusion, ARID3A may improve tumor cell survival by activating the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway, which accelerates ECM breakdown, facilitates invasion, suppresses apoptosis, and prevents cell death. This study might contribute to uncovering the mechanism and providing a new strategy of diagnosis and therapies for COAD. Further studies are warranted on current topic.
Structural and functional determination of peptide versus small molecule ligand binding at the apelin receptor
Authors: Davenport Anthony , Williams Thomas , Kuc Rhoda , Macrae Robyn , Sinha Sanjay , Maguire Janet , Verdon Grégory , Currinn Heather , Bender Brian , Solcan Nicolae , Schlenker Oliver , Brown Jason , Schütz Marco , Zhukov Andrei , DeGraaf Chris , Brown Alastair , Graf Stefan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

We describe a structural and functional study of the apelin receptor, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that binds two endogenous peptide ligands, apelin and Elabela/Toddler (ELA), to regulate cardiovascular development and function. Characterisation of novel, naturally occurring apelin receptor variants from the UK Genomics England 100,000 Genomes Project, in combination with AlphaFold2 modelling, identified T892.64 as an important residue in the ELA binding site, and R1684.64 as forming extensive interactions with the C-termini of both peptides. Base editing to introduce an R/H1684.64 variant into stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes demonstrated that this residue is critical for receptor binding and function in a clinically relevant setting. Additionally, we present a novel apelin receptor crystal structure bound to the G protein-biased, small molecule agonist, CMF-019, which revealed a deeper binding mode versus peptides at lipophilic pockets between transmembrane helices associated with GPCR activation. Overall, the data provide proof-of-principle for using genetic variation to fast-track the identification and characterisation of key sites that regulate receptor-ligand engagement, potentially informing future drug design.
Susceptibility to febrile malaria is associated with an inflammatory gut microbiome
Authors: Schmidt Nathan , Ham Kristin Van Den , Bower Layne , Li Shanping , Lorenzi Hernan , Doumbo Safiatou , Doumtabe Didier , Kayentao Kassoum , Ongoiba Aissata , Traore Boubacar , Crompton Peter 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Malaria is a major public health problem, but many of the factors underlying the pathogenesis of this disease are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate in Malian children that susceptibility to febrile malaria following infection with Plasmodium falciparum is associated with the composition of the gut microbiome prior to the malaria season. Gnotobiotic mice colonized with the fecal samples of malaria-susceptible children had a significantly higher parasite burden following Plasmodium infection compared to gnotobiotic mice colonized with the fecal samples of malaria-resistant children. The fecal microbiome of the susceptible children was enriched for bacteria associated with inflammation, mucin degradation, gut permeability and inflammatory bowel disorders (e.g., Ruminococcus gauvreauii, Ruminococcus torques, Dorea formicigenerans, Dorea longicatena, Lachnoclostridium phocaeense and Lachnoclostridium sp. YL32). However, the susceptible children also had a greater abundance of bacteria known to produce anti-inflammatory short-chain fatty acids and those associated with favorable prognosis and remission following dysbiotic intestinal events (e.g., Anaerobutyricum hallii, Blautia producta and Sellimonas intestinalis). Metabolomics analysis of the human fecal samples corroborated the existence of inflammatory and recovery-associated features within the gut microbiome of the susceptible children. There was an enrichment of nitric oxide-derived DNA adducts (deoxyinosine and deoxyuridine) and long-chain fatty acids, the absorption of which has been shown to be inhibited by inflamed intestinal epithelial cells, and a decrease in the abundance of mucus phospholipids. Nevertheless, there were also increased levels of pseudouridine and hypoxanthine, which have been shown to be regulated in response to cellular stress and to promote recovery following injury or hypoxia. Overall, these results indicate that the gut microbiome may contribute malaria pathogenesis and suggest that therapies targeting intestinal inflammation could decrease malaria susceptibility.
Design of 2D/2D ZnIn2S4/MgAl-LDH core-shell nanostructures toward enhanced photodegradation of organic dyes
Authors: gao qiang , Ye Lingchun , Ma Fang , Liu Wei , Li Junxi , Cui Yuchen , Xu Naicai , Zhang Mingjin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The rational design of semiconductor photocatalysts with multi-dimensional nanostructures is an effective way to solve the problem of water environmental pollution. Herein, a series of ZnIn2S4/MgAl-LDH (ZIS/LDH) composites with core-shell nanostructures were synthesized by in-situ growth of 2D ZnIn2S4 nanosheets onto the hexagonal LDH sheets. The obtained ZIS/LDH composite exhibited enhanced photocatalytic performance with 100% degradation efficiency for methyl orange (MO) within 20 min illumination, which was mainly attributed to the heterostructure formed by the excellent interface contact of the nanostructure, thereby inhibiting the recombination of photogenerated charges. Additionally, the as-synthesized photocatalyst shown satisfactory photocatalytic activity in stability tests and removal experiments for various dye pollutants. The present work provides a novel insight for the design of heterojunction photocatalysts with multidimensional nanostructures and environmentally friendly applications.
Mercury (Hg) in Ryugu particles and implications for the origin of volatile elements in early Earth
Authors: Shirai Naoki , Ito Motoo , Yamaguchi Akira , Tomioka Naotaka , Uesugi Masayuki , Imae Naoya , Kimura Makoto , Greenwood Richard , Liu Ming-Chang , Ohigashi Takuji , Sekimoto Shun , Uesugi Kentaro , Nakato Aiko , Yogata Kasumi , Yuzawa Hayato , Kodama Yu , Hirahara Kaori , Sakurai Ikuya , Okada Ikuo , Karouji Yuzuru , Nakazawa Satoru , Okada Tatsuaki , Tanaka Satoshi , Saiki Takanao , Terui Fuyuto , Yoshikawa Makoto , Miyazaki Akiko , Nishimura Masahiro , Yada Toru , Abe Masanao , Usui Tomohiro , Watanabe Sei-ichiro , Tsuda Yuichi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Solar system abundances of the elements, which are determined by spectroscopic measurements of the solar photosphere and laboratory analyses of CI (Ivuna-type) carbonaceous chondrites, are a cornerstone to understand the origin and evolution of planets and other constituents, such as asteroids and comets. Mercury (Hg) is one of the elements whose solar system abundance is still poorly constrained due to no observable lines for Hg in the solar spectrum and large variations of the Hg abundance in CI chondrites caused by mainly terrestrial contamination. Here we determined elemental abundances including Hg for uncontaminated CI-like material from asteroid Ryugu by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. The new solar system abundance of Hg is 0.907±0.108 atoms/106 Si atoms. Our results demonstrate that Hg in bulk silicate Earth originated from the addition of chondritic material after core formation, late sulfide segregation and/or degassing, and volatile elements are depleted in late-accreted materials relative to CI chondrites.
Survey Study on Areas of Interest Among Highly Educated Female Patients with Non-Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Sha Huizi , Zhang Lianru , Yan Qiu , Liu Baorui , Xie Li 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the specific concerns and areas of interest among highly educated female patients with non-advanced breast cancer.
Methods: A cohort of 156 female patients with non-advanced breast cancer, who sought medical care at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital on March 8, 2021, was selected as the study population. A structured questionnaire survey was administered to collect and analyze data related to patients' educational backgrounds, age, marital status, reproductive history, and their specific areas of interest.
Results: Among the 156 non-advanced breast cancer patients, 128 individuals had their staging and surgical information verified. Among these patients, 36 had attained a university education or higher (classified as highly educated). Furthermore, 41.7% of patients were under the age of 40, 72.2% were covered by Nanjing City Employee Medical Insurance, and 72.2% had a body mass index (BMI) ranging from 18.5 to 23.9. Among the highly educated non-advanced breast cancer patients who had detailed staging and surgical data available (28 cases), 46.4% underwent breast-conserving surgery, 46.4% opted for mastectomy, and 7.1% underwent reconstructive surgery. Additionally, 89.3% of these patients were diagnosed at an early stage, while 10.7% were diagnosed at an intermediate stage. Socioeconomic and pathological analysis revealed differences among patients with varying educational backgrounds (128 cases). Highly educated patients accounted for the highest proportion (35.7%) among patients under 40 years old, and 75% of highly educated patients with medical insurance were covered by Nanjing City Employee Medical Insurance. Highly educated patients tended to have fewer offspring. In the income group of 200,000 to 500,000, highly educated patients constituted the largest proportion (28.6%). The disparities among these educational groups were all statistically significant, with p-values <0.05. Regarding the areas of interest among the 156 surveyed patients, over 90% expressed interest in topics encompassing dietary guidance, lifestyle recommendations, rehabilitation and exercise, symptoms indicative of recurrence and metastasis, risk assessment for recurrence and mortality, breast cancer prevention, available treatment modalities for breast cancer, and the significance of post-recurrence and metastasis treatment.
Conclusion: Highly educated female patients with non-advanced breast cancer were more likely to be younger, have fewer children, and higher family incomes (all with p-values <0.05). There were no substantial differences in areas of interest between highly educated breast cancer patients and those with lower educational backgrounds. Clinical healthcare providers should prioritize effective communication with patients regarding breast cancer prevention, treatment, and post-treatment lifestyle guidance.
Hybrid heating in Fused Filament Fabrication process
Authors: SAVU Ionel Danut , Savu Sorin Vasile , SIRBU Nicusor-Alin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Changing the heating regime of the polymer during printing by the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) process can produce changes in the behavior of the polymer, but also changes in the characteristics of the printed product. The work proposes to replace the traditional resistive heating system with two hybrid heating systems that bring an additional temperature of 120-160oC: resistive and hot air jet, resistive and infrared radiation. The samples printed by using the two hybrid heating systems were DSC analyzed and visual tested. The filaments used for the experimental program were commercial filaments of ABS and PLA. A model to evaluate the melting of the polymer during the printing process was proposed, and it was experimentally confirmed. The visual testing revealed that the printed lattice’s structure is characterized by lower dimension voids of the structure, being built by depositions that are not circular in section, but flattened, due to the longer time in viscous / partially molten state. The elongation viscosity and the storage modulus decreased with about 10%, being slightly lower in the case of the infrared radiation heat source. The glassy temperature remained unchanged; the mobility of the molecules being not affected by the supplementary heat. The energy consumed to form the crystals is not changed by the supplementary heat. Mechanical behavior of the printed piece, during compression tests, was also influenced by the addition of the second heat source. For both materials a decrease in deformability is recorded as the temperature of the hot air jet increases.
Reliability of center of pressure measures in chronic stroke survivors: Effect of motor and cognitive loads
Authors: Parsa Mitra , Abdollahi Iraj , Negahban Hossein , Sanjari Mohammad Ali , Akhbari Behnam , Bakhshi Enayatollah , Haddadiyan Haniyeh Fakur , Rouhani Mina , Moghaddam Mohammad Sadegh Torabi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: One of the major objectives of stroke rehabilitation is to
enhance balance control. Therefore, it is crucial to have standardized and reliable balance measures to pinpoint areas for rehabilitation. This study examines the between-day and within-day reliabilities of the center of pressure (CoP) measures in chronic stroke survivors in different standing positions during the effect of motor and cognitive loads.
Methods: Sixteen people (49.31±15.5 years, 5 females) with chronic stroke were assessed in two sessions, 48 hours apart in three conditions: single-task, motor dual-task, and cognitive dual-task. In each condition, three trials of open-eyes quiet standing and three trials of semi-tandem standing were completed, while in the single task condition, three trials of closed-eyes quiet standing were also done. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,3), standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimal detectable change (MDC) were calculated for CoP mean velocity, mean velocity in the anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) directions, the standard deviation of AP and ML velocity, and sway area.
Results: Within-day ICC values were higher than between-day values (ICCs ranged from 0.78 to 0.96). Mean velocity and mean and SD of velocity in the AP direction showed the highest relative (ICC: 0.82 and 0.92, 0.83 and 0.90, and 0.84 and 0.90, respectively) and absolute reliabilities (SEM: 0.74 and 1.24, 0.67 and 0.84, and 0.87 and 1.08) in an open-eyes quiet standing position. Dual-task performance could also increase the reliability of the CoP measures, except for the sway area (ICC:0.53-0.93 changed to 0.84-0.96). The semi-tandem standing position was the least reliable position in a single-task condition (ICC:0.53-0.89).
Conclusions: CoP measures during various positions and conditions have sufficient reliability in chronic stroke survivors. Assessing the postural control system during dual-task conditions provides more reliable CoP measures, especially in a semi-tandem standing position.
Insight into spatial intratumoral genomic evolution in glioblastoma
Authors: Anand Atul , Petersen Jeanette , Andersen Lars , Burton Mark , Larsen Martin , Erichsen Philip , Pedersen Christian , Poulsen Frantz , Grupe Peter , Thomassen Mads , Kristensen Bjarne 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Glioblastoma undergoes a complex and dynamic evolution involving genetic and epigenetic changes. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this evolution is vital for the development of efficient therapeutic strategies. Although treatment resistance is associated with intratumoral heterogeneity in glioblastoma, it remains uncertain whether hypometabolic and hypermetabolic lesions observed through clinical positron emission tomography (PET) imaging are influenced by spatial intratumoral genomic evolution. In this study, we precisely isolated autologous hypometabolic and hypermetabolic lesions from glioblastoma using advanced neurosurgical and brain tumor imaging technologies, followed by comprehensive whole-genome, exome and transcriptome analyses. Our findings unveil that hypermetabolic lesions, originating from hypometabolic lesions, exhibit strategic focal amplifications and deletions, and heightened APOBEC3 activity. Furthermore, we identify dipeptidase 1 as a novel vascular endothelial tip marker for hypermetabolic lesions in glioblastoma, facilitating angiogenesis and tumor metabolism by regulating transporter activities. This study underscores a spatial genomic evolution with diagnostic implications and elucidates challenges and opportunities crucial for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Effectiveness of Registered Dietitian-Led Management of Early Nutritional Support in the Emergency Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Hayashi Mamoru , Nishikido Yuki , Banno Hiroyuki , Michitaka Tsuzuki , Tachibana Eiko , Tsukahara Takayoshi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Appropriate nutritional management in critically ill patients has a positive impact on prognosis. The Japanese Guidelines for Nutritional Therapy of Critically Ill Patients issued in 2016 recommend that enteral nutrition be started within 48 h of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and that an enteral nutrition protocol be developed. In November 2021, we assigned a dietitian exclusively to our emergency ICU (EICU), created a flowchart for initiating early nutritional support and an early enteral nutrition protocol, and strengthened the management system for early nutritional supports. This new system was evaluated based on the nutritional management status and safety of patients admitted to the EICU.
Methods
This retrospective observational study included patients who stayed in the EICU for at least 5 days between April 2021 and May 2022. Patients admitted before and after the system was implemented were defined as the control group (n = 56) and early support group (n = 58), respectively. Primary and secondary endpoints were compared among the groups. The primary endpoints were the time until enteral nutrition initiation after admission to the EICU and the rate of enteral nutrition initiation within 48 h. The secondary endpoints were the rate of enteral feeding up to 7 days after admission to the EICU, the rate of complications in tube feeding management, the number of times a nutrition management plan was proposed to the primary care physician, and outcomes.
Results
The time taken to start enteral nutrition after admission was shorter in the early support group. The enteral nutrition energy and protein sufficiency rates increased with nutritional supports. In terms of complications during tube feeding, the incidence of diarrhea was lower in the early support group. No significant differences in outcomes were observed between the groups.
Conclusions
The early nutritional support system in our EICU effectively reduces the time it takes to initiate enteral nutrition, thereby improving the nutritional sufficiency rate, and decreases the incidence of diarrhea during tube feeding. Our findings highlight the significance of dedicating a dietitian exclusively to lead the nutritional management system in the EICU.