bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EpiJen: a server for multistep T cell epitope prediction
Authors: Doytchinova Irini A , Guan Pingping , Flower Darren R 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBackgroundThe main processing pathway for MHC class I ligands involves degradation of proteins by the proteasome, followed by transport of products by the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where peptides are bound by MHC class I molecules, and then presented on the cell surface by MHCs. The whole process is modeled here using an integrated approach, which we call EpiJen. EpiJen is based on quantitative matrices, derived by the additive method, and applied successively to select epitopes. EpiJen is available free online.ResultsTo identify epitopes, a source protein is passed through four steps: proteasome cleavage, TAP transport, MHC binding and epitope selection. At each stage, different proportions of non-epitopes are eliminated. The final set of peptides represents no more than 5% of the whole protein sequence and will contain 85% of the true epitopes, as indicated by external validation. Compared to other integrated methods (NetCTL, WAPP and SMM), EpiJen performs best, predicting 61 of the 99 HIV epitopes used in this study.ConclusionEpiJen is a reliable multi-step algorithm for T cell epitope prediction, which belongs to the next generation ofin silicoT cell epitope identification methods. These methods aim to reduce subsequent experimental work by improving the success rate of epitope prediction.
Prediction of sinus rhythm maintenance following DC-cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation – the role of atrial cycle length
Authors: Meurling Carl J , Roijer Anders , Waktare Johan EP , Holmqvist Fredrik , Lindholm Carl J , Ingemansson Max P , Carlson Jonas , Stridh Martin , Sörnmo Leif , Olsson S Bertil 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBackgroundAtrial electrical remodeling has been shown to influence the outcome the outcome following cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) in experimental studies.The aim of the present study was to find out whether a non-invasively measured atrial fibrillatory cycle length, alone or in combination with other non-invasive parameters, could predict sinus rhythm maintenance after cardioversion of AF.MethodsDominant atrial cycle length (DACL), a previously validated non-invasive index of atrial refractoriness, was measured from lead V1 and a unipolar oesophageal lead prior to cardioversion in 37 patients with persistent AF undergoing their first cardioversion.Results32 patients were successfully cardioverted to sinus rhythm. The mean DACL in the 22 patients who suffered recurrence of AF within 6 weeks was 152 ± 15 ms (V1) and 147 ± 14 ms (oesophagus) compared to 155 ± 17 ms (V1) and 151 ± 18 ms (oesophagus) in those maintaining sinus rhythm (NS). Left atrial diameter was 48 ± 4 mm and 44 ± 7 mm respectively (NS). The optimal parameter predicting maintenance of sinus rhythm after 6 weeks appeared to be the ratio of the lowest dominant atrial cycle length (oesophageal lead or V1) to left atrial diameter. This ratio was significantly higher in patients remaining in sinus rhythm (3.4 ± 0.6 vs. 3.1 ± 0.4 ms/mm respectively, p = 0.04).ConclusionIn this study neither an index of atrial refractory period nor left atrial diameter alone were predictors of AF recurrence within the 6 weeks of follow-up. The ratio of the two (combining electrophysiological and anatomical measurements) only slightly improve the identification of patients at high risk of recurrence of persistent AF. Consequently, other ways to asses electrical remodeling and / or other variables besides electrical remodeling are involved in determining the outcome following cardioversion.
Survey of topical oral solutions for the treatment of chemo-induced oral mucositis
Authors: Chan Alexandre , Ignoffo Robert J. 
Published: March 2006

Purpose. The objectives of this study were (1) to describe the usage of topical oral solutions in patients experiencing chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (CIOM); and (2) to survey the care of oral mucositis provided to patients by clinical oncology pharmacists in institutional settings. Methods. Surveys were distributed to institutional pharmacists in the US, who were asked to provide the components of their ‘magic mouthwash’. Other questions included whether an institutional mucositis management guideline is available and what is the involvement of clinical pharmacy in mucositis care. Results. Forty institutions returned surveys during the study period. The top five ingredients used to compound the magic mouthwash are diphenhydramine, viscous lidocaine, magnesium hydroxide/aluminum hydroxide, nystatin and corticosteroids. Most institutions administer the mouthwash every 4 hours (36%) or every 6 hours (36%). Of the surveyed institutions, 33% currently possess guidelines for the management of CIOM. Conclusions. Most institutions in the country formulate their topical solution, or magic mouthwash, with a variety of ingredients. There is a need to standardize the ingredients used to compound the magic mouthwash, in order to fully evaluate the efficacy of the solution to manage CIOM.
Survival Improvement in Patients With Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Who Undergo Pretargeted Anti–Carcinoembryonic-Antigen Radioimmunotherapy: A Collaborative Study With the French Endocrine Tumor Group
Authors: Chatal Jean-François , Campion Loïc , Kraeber-Bodéré Françoise , Bardet Stephane , Vuillez Jean-Philippe , Charbonnel Bernard , Rohmer Vincent , Chang Chien-Hsing , Sharkey Robert M. , Goldenberg David M. , Barbet Jacques 
Published: March 2006

Purpose No effective therapy is currently available for the management of patients with metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). The efficacy of pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (pRAIT) with bispecific monoclonal antibody (BsMAb) and a iodine-131 (131I) –labeled bivalent hapten is evaluated. Patients and Methods Twenty-nine patients with advanced, progressive MTC, as documented by short serum calcitonin doubling times (Ct DTs), received an anti–carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)/anti–diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) –indium BsMAb, followed 4 days later by a 131I-labeled bivalent hapten. Overall survival (OS) was compared with 39 contemporaneous untreated MTC patients with comparable prognostic indicators. Results OS was significantly longer in high-risk, treated patients (Ct DT < 2 years) than in high-risk, untreated patients (median OS, 110 v 61 months; P < .030). Forty-seven percent of patients, defined as biologic responders by a more than 100% increase in CtDT, experienced significantly longer survival than nonresponders (median OS, 159 v 109 months; P < .035) and untreated patients (median OS, 159 v 61 months; P < .010). Treated patients with bone/bone-marrow disease had a longer survival than patients without such involvement (10-year OS, 83% v 14%; P < .023). Toxicity was mainly hematologic and related to bone/bone-marrow tumor spread. Conclusion pRAIT against CEA induced long-term disease stabilization and a significantly longer survival in high-risk patients with Ct DTs less than 2 years, compared with similarly high-risk, untreated patients. Ct DT and bone-marrow involvement appear to be prognostic indicators in MTC patients who undergo pRAIT.
Selective Permeation of Carbon Dioxide over Nitrogen through Polyethyleneoxide-Containing Polyimide Membranes
Authors: Okamoto Ken-ichi , Umeo Nobuhiro , Okamyo Shuusaku , Tanaka Kazuhiro , Kita Hidetoshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Polyethyleneoxide(PEO)-containing copolyimides having microphase separated structure have high permeability to CO2 and high permselectivity for CO2 over N2. The permeation occurs through soft segment phase of PEO and the high permselectivity is ascribed to high solubility selectivity.
Organic Synthesis with Trialkylphosphine Catalysts. Conjugate Addition of Alcohols to α,β-Unsaturated Alkynic Acid Esters
Authors: Inanaga Junji , Baba Yoshiyasu , Hanamoto Takeshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The conjugate addition of alcohols to α,β-unsaturated alkynic acid esters proceeds under neutral conditions in the presence of a catalytic amount of trialkylphosphine to give the corresponding β-alkoxy-α,β-unsaturated alkenic acid esters in good to excellent yields.
Time-resolved Absorption Spectral Measurement of Polymer Films during Laser Ablation
Authors: Fukumura Hiroshi , Hamano Kouji , Masuhara Hiroshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Transient absorption spectra of p-terphenyl doped poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) film upon laser ablation shows that no other transient species than the excited singlet and triplet states is involved. Fragmented particles were observed from 50 ns after excitation, while all morphological changes were completed in sub-ms time range.
5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(2-amino-6-methoxycarbonylphenyl)porphyrin. Synthesis and Separation of Atropisomers Useful for Porphyrin Architecture
Authors: Nishino Norikazu , Sakamoto Toshiaki , Kiyota Hiroshi , Mihara Hisakazu , Yanai Tomoko , Fujimoto Tsutomu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(2-amino-6-methoxycarbonylphenyl)porphyrin was synthesized and three atropisomers in four were successfully separated. Different from the related mono-substituted tetraphenylporphyrins (2-amino- and 2-methoxycarbonylphenylporphyrins), the rotation of the bond between phenyl and porphyrin rings was totally prohibited under thermal isomerization.
Palladium- or Platinum-Catalyzed Novel Double Silylation of α-Diketones or a Benzoylformate with Hexamethyldisilane Affording 1,2-Bis(siloxy)ethenes or a Double Silylated Tartrate Derivative
Authors: Yamashita Hiroshi , Reddy N Prabhakar , Tanaka Masato 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
α-Diketones (benzil, methyl phenyl diketone, acenaphthenequinone, camphorquinone) reacted with hexamethyldisilane in the presence of a Pd or Pt catalyst (PdCl2(PMe3)2, Pt2(dba)3-P(OCH2)3CEt, etc.) to give the corresponding 1,2-bis(trimethylsiloxy)ethenes in excellent to moderate yields, while methyl benzoylformate provided dimethyl 2,3-diphenyl-2,3-bis(O-trimethylsilyl)tartrate.
A Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of α-Glucosides from 1-Thioglucoside Derivative under High Pressure
Authors: Gama Yasuo , Yasumoto Masahiko 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
High pressure-assisted glycosylation reaction of 2-benzothiazoyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside with various alcohols by using methyl iodide as an activator gave α-glucosides in good yield with high selectivity without any use of heavy metal salts.
Highly Convenient Syntheses of Manoalide Analogues and Udoteafuran via an Alkylstannane Route
Authors: Katsumura Shigeo , Inagaki Yasuhiro , Tsujino Katsunori , Han Qingjun 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Manoalide analogues, which inhibit bovine pancreatic phospholipase A2 to the same extent as manoalides, a deshydroxymanoalide analogue, and udoteafuran were synthesized in short steps.
SN2′-Regio- and Diastereoselective Allylation of Organozinc Reagents
Authors: Arai Masayuki , Kawasuji Takashi , Nakamura Eiichi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Dialkylzinc reagents, R2Zn and R2Zn·LiCl, undergo an SN2′-regio- and diastereoselective allylation reaction with substituted allylic chlorides and phosphates in the presence of a coordinating additive.
Li+-Selective Transport by Acyclic Neutral Carriers Having Benzoquinolyl Units
Authors: Hirose Takuji , Hiratani Kazuhisa , Fujiwara Kyoko , Kasuga Kazuyuki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
1,2-Bis(benzoquinolyloxy)ethane, which has been prepared as a carrier in alkali cation transport through liquid membranes, exhibits high Li+-selectivity. From a systematic investigation, we found the length of the ethylene chain linking the two benzoquinolyl units is crucial for Li+-selective transport.
Carbon Isotopic Compositions in Antarctic Carbonaceous Chondrites
Authors: Shimoyama Akira , Naraoka Hiroshi , Matsubaya Osamu , Harada Kaoru 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Total carbon contents and carbon isotopic compositions (δ13C relative to PDB) in 33 specimens of Antarctic carbonaceous chondrites are in the ranges of 0.02 to 2.49% and −16.9 to +0.9‰ with the mean values 1.31% and −5.8‰, respectively. The value −5.8‰ is very close to that for the average juvenile mantle carbon but is 5.7‰ higher than that for non-Antarctic ones.
Photocatalytic Activity of Titanium Dioxide Loaded with Cerium Oxide
Authors: Sakata Yoshihisa , Hirata Yasunobu , Miyahara Kanji , Imamura Hayao , Tsuchiya Susumu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A cerium oxide loaded TiO2 catalyst exhibited a high photocatalytic activity of H2 production from methanol aqueous solution. It was confirmed that this catalyst pretreated by H2 and O2 has an ability for photocatalytic decomposition of H2O in NaOH aqueous solution into H2 and O2 (10 M NaOH).
Synthesis and Characterization of Tetra(tert-butyl)-2,3-anthracenocyaninatoiron(II) Compounds
Authors: Hanack Michael , Dieing Reinhold , Röhrig Ursula 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Bis(isocyanide) and bis(pyridine) complexes of tetra(tert-butyl)-2,3-anthracenocyaninatoiron(II) were synthesized from 6-tert-butyl-2,3-dicyanoanthracene and characterized by UV/Vis, NMR, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Linear annulation of benzene rings to the phthalocyanine macrocycle produces a bathochromic shift of the Q-band. The first oxidation potential of the 2,3-anthracenocyanine macrocycle determined by cyclic voltammetry is lower than that of 2,3-naphthalocyanine.
Preparation of Poly(3-alkoxythiophene-2,5-diyl)s by Organometallic Process and Doping-Undoping Behaviors of the Polymers
Authors: Miyazaki Yuichi , Kanbara Takaki , Osakada Kohtaro , Yamamoto Takakazu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Poly(thiophene-2,5-diyl) derivatives having alkoxy substituents at 3-positions are synthesized by dehalogenation polycondensation of the corresponding 2,5-dibromothiophene derivatives with zero-valent nickel complex. The obtained polymers show not only usual p-type doping and undoping behaviors but also unique n-type doping and undoping behaviors due to the stabilization of n-doped state by interaction between dopant cation and ethereal oxygen.
Intercalation/Polymerization of the Anilinium Cation in the VOPO4 Interlayer Space
Authors: Nakajima Hiroshi , Matsubayashi Gen-etsu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Powdered VOPO4·2H2O suspended in excess neat aniline gives intercalation compounds VOPO4·(H2O)x·(PhNH3+)y (0.6 &lt; x &lt; 1.1; 0.5 &lt; y &lt; 1.0) with the reduction of the V(V) to V(IV) state. The compounds with y &gt; 0.7 lead to the polymerization of the cation by addition of the Cu(II) ion to afford polyaniline. Suspended VOPO4·2H2O powders react with PhNH3+Cl− dissolved in ethanol to give the compound intercalated with both the anilinium cation and polyaniline.
Collapsing Processes in Stearic Acid Monolayer Studied by Brewster Angle Microscope
Authors: Lu Zuhong , Nakahara Hiroo 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Collapsing processes of a stearic acid monolayer have been studied on the different subphases by a Brewster angle microscope. It has been suggested that the collapsing processes can be classified into three basic models: nucleation, straight ridge-like catastrophe, and ultrafine particle accumulation. The collapsing structures depend on the interaction between the head groups and the aqueous subphase.
The Importance of Integrating Flashing and the Water Resistive Barrier in the Exterior Wall Systems of Residential Buildings
Authors: Dorin L 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Building science studies have recognized the importance of the proper installation of flashing and its integration with the water resistive barriers as very important to the success of a wall assembly. The roll of flashing is to direct water away from the opening to the water resistive barrier, which in turn directs the water to the exit point in the wall. The integration of these two elements and the quality of their installation is ultimately important to the success of the wall system. It is equally important to select products, which perform as intended after installation. Extensive testing has been conducted on local and regional methods that do not follow the guidelines in E 2112. When tested, many of these installation methods completely fail to perform the required function of preventing water leakage. Conclusions are that it is important to follow E 2112 in installing flashing and integrating it with the water resitive barrier (WRB). It is equally important that a WRB is used. Each element of the installation is important. If the flashing is perfect, but the WRB lets water through, then there are potential problems.
Combustion Tests Under High Pressure Oxygen: Promoted Ignition Combustion Test Versus Metallic Disk Ignition Test
Authors: Binder C , Kasch T , Lehné S , Beck U , Weise M , Sahre M 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Two different test apparatuses are used at BAM to evaluate the safety of oxygen components: First, the “promoted ignition combustion test” according to ASTM G 124 [1] and to EIGA IGC Doc 13/02/E [2], and second, the new “metallic disk ignition test” that has not been standardized yet. The standard test method ASTM G 124 allows a ranking of metallic materials for use at high pressure oxygen. However, the transfer of those test results to valves and fittings in real-life situations is rather complex. The “metallic disk ignition test,” developed at BAM, is more practice oriented and uses metallic disks of different thicknesses of the investigated material. A commonly used nonmetallic sealing ring is placed in front of this disk and serves as an igniter. This test array is then exposed to high pressure gaseous oxygen impacts in a standardized pneumatic impact tester according to DIN EN 1797 [3].
A Thermal Analysis Method for Measuring Polymer Flammability
Authors: Lyon RE , Walters RN , Stoliarov SI 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A thermal analysis method is presented in which controlled heating of polymer samples and complete combustion of the evolved gases are used to separately reproduce the condensed and gas phase processes of flaming combustion in a single laboratory test. Oxygen consumption calorimetry applied to the combustion gas stream gives the heat release rate history of the sample as a function of its temperature. The maximum rate of heat release and the temperature at which it occurs are polymer characteristics related to fire performance and flame resistance.
A New Biography Of Ruth Benedict; Old Wine and Old Bottles; Economic Change In Papua New Guinea
Authors: Landman Ruth H. , Colson Elizabeth , Nachman Steven 
Published: March 2006

Judith Schacter Modell. Ruth Benedict: Patterns of. Life. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1983. + 355 pp. $25.00 (cloth)Robert Lawless. Vinson H. Sutlive. Jr. and Mario D. Zamora. editors, Fieldwork The Human Experience. New York: Gordon & Breach, 1983. xxi. 196 pp. $27.50 (cloth)Deborah B. Gewertz Sepik River Societies:. Historical Ethnography of the Cbanibri and Their Neighbors. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1983. xii. 266 pp. $25.OO
"Descriptive Integration" In Biography: Two Women; Interdisciplinary Approaches to Identity; New Ethno Art Journal
Authors: Frank Gelya , Lee Alfred McClung , Ottenberg Simon 
Published: March 2006

Gae Whitney Canfield. Sarah Winnemucca of the Northern Paiutes. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1983. xiv. 306 pp. Illustrations. $19‐95 (cloth).Broughton Coburn. Nepali Aama: Portrait of. Nepalese Hill Woman. Santa Barbara, California: Ross‐Erikson, 1982. 165 pp. Illustrations. $9‐95 (paper).Anita Jacobson‐Widding. ed. Identity: Personal and Sorio‐Cultural. Stockholm, Sweden: Almqvist & Wikesell; Atlantic Highlands, N.J.: Humanities, 1983. 423 pp. $46.00 (cloth) Res: Anthropology and Aesthetics. No. 1, Spring 1981, 123 pp.; No. 2, Autumn 1981, 143 pp.; No. 3, Spring 1982, 117 pp. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, in collaboration with the Laboratoire d'Ethnologie, University of Paris X, Nanterre.
Approaches to Amazonian Magic and Shamanism
Authors: Sandstrom Alan R. 
Published: March 2006

Michael F. Brown. Tsewa's Gift: Magic and Meaning in an Amazonian Society. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1986. 220 pp. $19.95 (cloth).Michael Taussig. Shamanism, Colonialism, and the Wild Man:. Study in Terror and Healing. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1987. xix plus 517 pp. $29.95 (cloth).
Shamans, Storytellers, and Aesthetic Production
Authors: Cobb Ann Kuckelman 
Published: March 2006

James Dow. The Shaman's Touch: Otomi Indian Symbolic Healing. Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press, 1986. xiii plus 180 pp. $13.95 (cloth).Alan R. Sandstrom and Pamela Effrein Sandstrom. Traditional Papermaking and Paper Cult Figures of Mexico. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1986. xxv plus 327 pp. $24.95 (cloth).Barbara A. Babcock. Guy Monthan. and Doris Monthan. The Pueblo Storyteller. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press, 1986. xix plus 201 pp. $40.00 (cloth).
Laparotomy Versus Peritoneal Drainage for Necrotizing Enterocolitis or Isolated Intestinal Perforation in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants: Outcomes Through 18 Months Adjusted Age
Authors: Blakely Martin L. , Tyson Jon E. , Lally Kevin P. , McDonald Scott , Stoll Barbara J. , Stevenson David K. , Poole W. Kenneth , Jobe Alan H. , Wright Linda L. , Higgins Rosemary D. ,   for the NICHD Neonatal Research Network
Published: March 2006

OBJECTIVE. Extremely low birth weight (ELBW; ≤1000 g) infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or isolated intestinal perforation (IP) are treated surgically with either initial laparotomy or peritoneal drain placement. The only published data comparing these therapies are from small, retrospective, single-center studies that do not address outcomes beyond nursery discharge. The objective of this study was to conduct a prospective, multicenter, observational study to (1) develop a hypothesis about the relative effect of these 2 therapies on risk-adjusted outcomes through 18 to 22 months in ELBW infants and (2) to obtain data that would be useful in designing and conducting a successful trial of this hypothesis.
METHODS. A prospective, cohort study was conducted at 16 clinical centers within the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. To assist in risk adjustment, the attending pediatric surgeon recorded the preoperative diagnosis and intraoperative diagnosis and identified infants who were considered to be too ill for laparotomy. Predefined measures of short- and longer-term outcome included (1) either predischarge death or prolonged parenteral nutrition (&gt;85 days) after enrollment and (2) either death or neurodevelopmental impairment on a standardized examination at 18 to 22 months' adjusted age.
RESULTS. Severe NEC or IP occurred in 156 (5.2%) of 2987 ELBW infants; 80 were treated with initial drainage, and 76 were treated with initial laparotomy. By 18 to 22 months, 78 (50%) had died; 112 (72%) had died or were shown to be impaired. Outcome was worse in the subgroup with NEC. Laparotomy was never performed in 76% (28 of 36) of drain-treated survivors.
CONCLUSIONS. Drainage was commonly used, and outcome was poor. Our findings, particularly the risk-adjusted odds ratio favoring laparotomy for death or impairment, indicate the need for a large, multicenter clinical trial to assess the effect of the initial surgical therapy on outcome at ≥18 months.