bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating sustainability and economic perspectives in reshoring: insights from the German automotive industry
Authors: McIvor Ronan , Bals Lydia , Dereymaeker Tim , Foerstl Kai 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to integrate sustainability and economic factors into a framework for understanding the reshoring decision.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper integrates sustainability and economic factors into a reshoring framework through using the theoretical perspectives of the natural resource-based view (NRBV) and transaction cost economics (TCE), and carrying out case study research with a number of firms involved in reshoring in the German automotive industry.

Findings
Through adopting a multi-theory approach, the framework captures the complexities of the reshoring decision and illustrates that reshoring is not a location decision alone, but encompasses a range of sourcing options such as local production in-house, using a local supplier or addressing sustainability problems with the offshore operation. The importance of sustainability capability development as a basis of extending the range of reshoring sourcing options available is highlighted.

Research limitations/implications
Using the NRBV has allowed to develop value creating drivers in the context of reshoring. Integrating the logic of TCE with this analysis provided an understanding of how cost reducing drivers were present alongside the value creating drivers for reshoring at the case companies. Beyond previous frameworks integrating the RBV and TCE, bringing in the NRBV allowed us to highlight the importance of sustainability capability development as a basis of extending the range of reshoring sourcing options available. While this study’s cases were in the automotive industry in Germany, future research could sample for further geographies and industries to cover varying regulatory pressures for sustainability as well as sustainability-related industry initiatives.

Practical implications
The framework can provide guidance to managers on the conditions that favour the selection of each sourcing option when making the reshoring decision.

Originality/value
Although there are frameworks in the literature that explain the reshoring decision, limited attention has been given to integrating sustainability issues into the analysis. The findings here contribute important insights into the complementary and contradictory prescriptions of the NRBV and TCE in reshoring decisions, and several propositions are offered outlining these relationships. The resulting framework provides an integrated approach for managerial decision-making beyond economic factors alone.
Managing Gen Z anxiety and digital perfectionism on LinkedIn
Authors: Bilderback Stephanie 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
This paper aims to examine how LinkedIn’s structure and features contribute to anxiety among Generation Z professionals. It explores how social comparison, fear of rejection and perfectionism shape their engagement on LinkedIn, leading to diminished workforce readiness. The study addresses these anxieties to improve Gen Z’s career confidence and professional development.

Design/methodology/approach
The research adopts a literature-based approach, using Self-Determination Theory and Social Comparison Theory to analyze LinkedIn’s psychological impact on Gen Z users. Key themes include autonomy, competence, relatedness and the effects of upward social comparison. Practical strategies for human resource professionals and educators are also explored to reduce anxiety and promote healthier LinkedIn engagement.

Findings
LinkedIn’s public metrics and profile-building process intensify Gen Z’s anxiety by reinforcing perfectionism and comparison behaviors. These pressures lead to imposter syndrome, reduced self-esteem and disengagement from the platform. Addressing these challenges through workshops, mentorship programs and digital well-being strategies can reduce LinkedIn-related anxiety and improve workforce readiness.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the growing discourse on digital professionalism by focusing specifically on LinkedIn’s unique challenges. It offers culturally relevant and practical solutions for human resource professionals, educators and organizations to support Gen Z in managing digital anxiety. By addressing LinkedIn-related anxieties, the paper highlights how organizations can foster healthier digital engagement and enhance career confidence for younger professionals.
Combining in vivo and in vitro approaches to better understand host‐pathogen nutritional interactions
Authors: Holdbrook Robert , Reavey Catherine E. , Randall Joanna L. , Andongma Awawing A. , Tummala Yamini , Rice Annabel , Simpson Stephen J. , Smith Judith A. , Cotter Sheena C. , Wilson Kenneth 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Nutrition often shapes the outcome of host–parasite interactions, however understanding the mechanisms by which this occurs is often confounded by the intimate nature of the association and by the fact that the host and parasite may compete for the same limiting nutrients. One way of disentangling this interaction is to combine in vivo and in vitro approaches.

Here, we explore the role of host nutrition in determining the outcome of infections using a model insect‐bacterium system: the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis and the blood‐borne bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila.

Spodoptera littoralis larvae were reared on one of a series of 20 chemically‐defined diets ranging in their protein: carbohydrate (P:C) ratio and caloric density. They were then challenged with either a fixed dose of X. nematophila cells (live or dead) or were sham‐injected. Survivorship of larvae challenged with live bacterial cells was strongly dependent on the protein levels of the diet, with mortality being highest on low‐protein diets. This trend was reflected in the bacterial growth rate in vivo, which peaked in larvae fed low‐protein diets.

To determine whether in vivo bacterial growth rates were driven by the direct effects of blood nutrients or by the indirect effects of the host immune response, we used 20 synthetic haemolymphs (‘nutribloods’) that mimicked the nutritional content of host blood. In vitro bacterial growth rate was negatively impacted by the protein content of the nutribloods, replicating the patterns seen in vivo and suggesting that nutrient availability and not host immunity was driving the interaction.

By comparing standardized bacterial growth rates in vivo and in vitro, we conclude that the outcome of this host–parasite interaction is largely driven by the ‘bottom‐up’ effects of nutrients on bacterial growth, rather than by the ‘top‐down’ effects of nutrients on host‐mediated immune responses. The outcome of host–parasite interactions is typically assumed to be strongly determined by the host immune response. The direct effects of nutrition have been underexplored and may have broad consequences for host–parasite interactions across taxa.
LeuRS‐Targeting Prodrug, MRX‐5, Expresses Anti‐Mycobacterium abscessus Activity
Authors: Li Anqi , He Siyuan , Jia Yaping , Fan Junsheng , Liu Shicong , Wang Xinghai , Zhang Zhemin , Chu Haiqing 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMycobacterium abscessus is a multi‐drug resistant pathogen presenting significant treatment challenges. This study evaluated MRX‐5, an oral prodrug of the leucyl‐tRNA synthetase inhibitor MRX‐6038, for its efficacy against M. abscessus both in vitro and in vivo. Stability testing of MRX‐5 was conducted using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry in Middlebrook 7H9 broth at 35°C. Following this, the minimum inhibitory concentrations of MRX‐5 were determined against two reference strains and 17 clinical isolates of M. abscessus. In the in vivo experiments, the pharmacokinetic properties of MRX‐5 were assessed first, followed by efficacy testing conducted in a neutropenic BALB/c mouse model of M. abscessus lung infection. Remarkably, the conversion of MRX‐5 to MRX‐6038 in liquid broth was complete within 72 h, and MRX‐5 demonstrated reduced potency compared to MRX‐6038 in vitro. In vivo, MRX‐5 was efficiently converted to MRX‐6038, achieving an oral bioavailability of 83.95% and significant lung distribution. In the mouse model of pulmonary M. abscessus infection, MRX‐5 effectively reduced bacterial load and exhibited antimicrobial activity comparable to that of linezolid. In conclusion, MRX‐5 exhibited favourable lung distribution and in vivo efficacy against M. abscessus, positioning it as a promising candidate for the oral treatment of M. abscessus infections.
Corticosterone‐Induced Myocardial Dysfunctions and the Cardioprotective Role of Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid: An Experimental Study in Mice
Authors: Zhou Houyuan , Chen Xiaoying , Tao Yanlin , Li Zikang , Wu Hui , Shi Hailian , Wu Xiaojun , Huang Fei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundMajor depressive disorder increases cardiovascular risk through stress‐induced elevated cortisol levels. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a bile acid, has been reported to have anti‐inflammatory, anti‐depressive and cardioprotective effects. However, the effects of stress‐induced myocardial dysfunctions remain unclear. Our study aims to investigate corticosterone‐induced myocardial dysfunctions and the role of TUDCA in rescuing such dysfunctions.MethodsTo achieve this, experiments were conducted on mice that had been exposed to corticosterone, with treatment involving TUDCA. We first evaluated depression‐like behaviours using the open field test, forced swimming test and sucrose preference test, and assessed cardiac function using echocardiography. We then analysed the levels of norepinephrine (NE), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and B‐cell lymphoma‐2 (Bcl‐2)/Bcl‐2 Associated X‐protein (Bax) using liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot, respectively. Finally, we investigated gene expression and signalling pathways through RNA‐sequencing, which were further validated by qRT‐PCR.ResultsThe results demonstrate that corticosterone administration induced depression‐like behaviours in mice, including a significant increase in immobility time during the tail suspension test and a significant decrease in the sucrose preference rate. Additionally, it induced cardiac dysfunction in mice, including a decrease in ejection fraction and fractional shortening. Furthermore, corticosterone administration resulted in an increase in left ventricular volume‐systolic and left ventricular end‐systolic volume index in the mouse left ventricular myocardium. Moreover, it elevated the NE concentration in mouse serum and decreased ATP levels and the Bcl‐2/Bax protein expression ratio in the mouse left ventricular tissue. Notably, these detrimental changes were rescued by TUDCA treatment. Additionally, corticosterone affected genes related to cardiac muscle contraction and mitochondrial function, while TUDCA countered this impact by modulating genes associated with muscle processes and ion transport, potentially alleviating myocardial contractile dysfunction.ConclusionOverall, our results suggest that corticosterone induces depression‐like behaviours, cardiac dysfunction, elevated serum NE levels, reduced ATP and a decreased Bcl‐2/Bax ratio, disrupting myocardial contraction and mitochondrial function. TUDCA effectively reversed these effects and modulated genes linked to muscle contraction and ion transport, highlighting its potential in mitigating corticosterone‐induced behavioural and cardiac impairments.
Skeletal recovery rates in a New England environment
Authors: Pokines James T. , Mainville Ashley 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe present research examined the recovery rates of skeletal elements from forensic anthropology case report inventories at the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, Massachusetts, with cases from 1979 through 2023 and from five contexts: terrestrial ground surface (n = 65), marine/freshwater (n = 49), cemetery burial (n = 67), recent burial (n = 5), and previous anatomical teaching specimens (n = 38). Element representation was highest in recent burial and terrestrial environments, followed by previous anatomical remains, marine/freshwater environments, and lowest in cemetery environments. The cranium was the highest represented element in all contexts (between 45.0% [marine] and 100.0% [burial]), and most contexts followed the same general patterns of element representation with high representation of the long bones, higher representation of the lower axial skeleton (os coxae, lumbar vertebrae) vs. the thoracic and cervical vertebrae, and overall low representation of the hyoid, sternal body, patellae, and elements of the hands and feet. These recovery rates are related to the typical taphonomic agencies encountered in these environments, recovery context and methods, and inherent bone properties. Knowledge of these differing patterns may aid in the determination of the origin of unknown remains, highlight recovery and identification methods in need of greater focus, and support the utilization of forensic anthropologists in medicolegal casework.
Public perceptions of nutrition diagnosis terminology and implications for clinical practice
Authors: Mauldin Kasuen , Pignotti Giselle A. , Chen Susan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate public perceptions of the Nutrition Care Process standardised diagnosis terms.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study used a 5‐point Likert scale survey asking participants to rate nutrition diagnosis terms based on the degree of acceptability (offensiveness). Inclusion criteria were adults ≥18 years, living in the United States and fluent in English. Descriptive statistics, Kruskal–Wallis and chi‐squared tests were conducted, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Qualitative analysis of optional written participant comments was conducted, using an inductive‐deductive thematic analysis approach.ResultsThe majority of participants (n = 185, average age 46.5 ± 17.8 years) were female (77.8%), White (80.5%), degree‐educated (79.5%) and did not work in healthcare (73.0%). The top offensive term was ‘undesirable food choices’ (20.5% rated the term as offensive). Younger participants found the terms ‘undesirable food choices’ and ‘obesity’ more offensive compared to older adults (p < 0.05). Qualitative analysis revealed concerns with and/or understandability of specific nutrition diagnosis terms.ConclusionsIn general, nutrition diagnosis terms were considered acceptable by study participants. The main offensive terms are in the Behavioral‐Environmental domain. Findings from our study serve as a foundation for further research and provide rationale to advocate for changes to Nutrition Care Process terminology in the spirit of fostering more inclusive, person‐centred care.
Life's Essential 8 and Risk of All‐Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in US Adults With Arthritis: A Retrospective Cohort Study Utilizing NHANES Database
Authors: Yao Feiyu , Zhang Jiafeng , Li Xianhua , Sun Meng , Shih Po‐Cheng , Li Tuo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundLife's Essential 8 (LE8) is a recently updated algorithm for evaluating cardiovascular health (CVH). This study investigates the association between LE8 and mortality risk among individuals with arthritis in the United States.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the US National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2018. Participants with arthritis were included. Mortality data, including underlying causes of death, were obtained through linkage to national death records up to December 31, 2019. LE8 components (diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep, body mass index, blood lipids, glucose, and pressure) were measured and scored from 0 to 100. The total LE8 score, calculated as the unweighted average of all components, was categorized into low (0–49), moderate (50–79), and high (80–100) CVH. We employed Kaplan–Meier curves to estimate survival probabilities and weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models to evaluate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all‐cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Stratified analyses and interaction tests were performed to explore potential effect modifications.ResultsAmong 4519 participants with arthritis (median follow‐up: 7.67 years), we observed 793 all‐cause deaths, including 213 CVD deaths. Every 10‐point increase in the LE8 score was associated with a 17% lower risk of all‐cause mortality (HR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.77–0.89) and a 25% lower risk of CVD mortality (HR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.66–0.85). Compared to the lowest CVH tertile, individuals in the highest tertile demonstrated a 38% lower risk of all‐cause mortality (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.41–0.92) and a 62% lower risk of CVD mortality (HR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.18–0.80). Kaplan–Meier survival curves revealed significantly higher survival probability for patients with high CVH compared to those with lower CVH (log‐rank p < 0.05). Stratified analyses confirmed consistent associations across various subgroups. Similar findings were observed in sensitivity analyses focusing on osteoarthritis and other arthritis subtypes.ConclusionHigher adherence to LE8 recommendations is associated with reduced risks of all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality among US adults with arthritis.
Effects of Postoperative Complications on Overall Survival Following Esophagectomy: A Meta‐Analysis Using the Restricted Mean Survival Time Analysis
Authors: Yang Yongbo , Han Chunyang , Xing Xing , Qin Zhen , Wang Qianning , Lan Lu , Zhu He 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aims to conduct a comprehensive meta‐analysis of the effects of postoperative complications (PCs) on survival following esophagectomy using the restricted mean survival time (RMST) analysis.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Medline, including articles published up to July 2024. Data were reconstructed from Kaplan–Meier curves, and the difference in RMST (RMSTD) and the RMST/restricted mean time loss (RMTL) ratios were calculated to examine the effects of PCs on overall survival.ResultsA total of 12 articles, including 7925 patients, met the inclusion criteria. RMSTD estimates indicate that patients with overall PCs survived an average of 0.04 years shorter (RMSTD = ‐0.04, 95% CI: −0.06, −0.03) than those without PCs at the 1‐year follow‐up and 0.39 years shorter (RMSTD = −0.39, 95% CI: −0.55, −0.22) at the 5‐year follow‐up. Patients with anastomotic leaks survived an average of 0.34 years shorter (RMSTD = −0.34, 95% CI: −0.49, −0.19), and patients with pulmonary complications survived an average of 0.63 years shorter (RMSTD = −0.63, 95% CI: −0.81, −0.45) at the 5‐year follow‐up. Additionally, RMTL ratios were estimated to be 1.21 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.31) for overall PCs, 1.19 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.28) for anastomotic leaks, and 1.53 (95% CI: 1.36, 1.73) for pulmonary complications at the 5‐year follow‐up, respectively.ConclusionsOur findings quantified the annual negative impact of PCs of esophageal cancer on overall patient survival following esophagectomy. Increased efforts are needed to enhance prevention, early screening, and timely treatment for complications, particularly for patients with pulmonary complications.
Carbon assurance: Does it have an impact on credit ratings?
Authors: Safiullah Md , Nguyen Linh Thi My , Houqe Muhammad Nurul , Batten Jonathan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of firm‐level carbon assurance on credit ratings among U.S. publicly traded firms. The findings reveal a positive relationship, indicating that carbon assurance enhances credit ratings by reducing information asymmetry and attracting analyst following. These results are robust to alternative measures of variables, model specifications, and endogeneity tests. U.S. firms with higher carbon assurance benefit from improved creditworthiness, particularly in competitive markets and Democratic‐leaning states. These findings support signalling theory and show the strategic importance of carbon assurance in credit assessments and corporate sustainability.
Disentangling the effects of nicotine versus non‐nicotine constituents of tobacco smoke on major depressive disorder: A multivariable Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Burke Chloe , Taylor Gemma , Freeman Tom P. , Sallis Hannah , Wootton Robyn E. , Munafò Marcus R. , Dardani Christina , Khouja Jasmine 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and aimsThere is growing evidence that tobacco smoking causes depression, but it is unclear which constituents of tobacco smoke (e.g. nicotine, carbon monoxide) may be responsible. We used Mendelian randomisation (MR) to measure the independent effect of nicotine on depression, by adjusting the effect of circulating nicotine exposure [via nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR)] for the overall effect of smoking heaviness [via cigarettes per day (CPD)] to account for the non‐nicotine constituents of tobacco smoke.DesignUnivariable MR and multivariable MR (MVMR) were used to measure the total and independent effects of genetic liability to NMR and CPD on major depressive disorder (MDD). Our primary method was inverse variance weighted (IVW) regression, with other methods as sensitivity analyses.Setting and participantsFor the exposures, we used genome‐wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics among European ancestry individuals for CPD (n = 143 210) and NMR (n = 5185). For the outcome, a GWAS of MDD stratified by smoking status was conducted using individual‐level data from UK Biobank (n = 35 871–194 881).MeasurementsGenetic variants associated with NMR (n = 6) and CPD (n = 53).FindingsUnivariable MR‐IVW indicated a causal effect of CPD on MDD [odds ratio (OR) = 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04–1.23, P = 0.003] but no clear evidence for an effect of NMR on MDD (OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.97–1.00, P = 0.134). MVMR indicated a causal effect of CPD on MDD when accounting for NMR (IVW: OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.03–1.37, P = 0.017; Egger: OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.89–1.43, P = 0.300) and weak evidence of a small effect of NMR on MDD when accounting for CPD (IVW: OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.96–1.00, P = 0.057; Egger: OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.96–1.00, P = 0.038).ConclusionsThe role of nicotine exposure in risk of depression cannot be entirely dismissed. However, the causal effect of tobacco smoking increasing depression risk appears to be largely independent of circulating nicotine exposure, which implies the role of alternative causal pathways.