bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A computational model for functional mapping of genes that regulate intra-cellular circadian rhythms
Authors: Liu Tian , Liu Xueli , Chen Yunmei , Wu Rongling 
Published: February 2007

Abstract

Background
Genes that control circadian rhythms in organisms have been recognized, but have been difficult to detect because circadian behavior comprises periodically dynamic traits and is sensitive to environmental changes.

Method
We present a statistical model for mapping and characterizing specific genes or quantitative trait loci (QTL) that affect variations in rhythmic responses. This model integrates a system of differential equations into the framework for functional mapping, allowing hypotheses about the interplay between genetic actions and periodic rhythms to be tested. A simulation approach based on sustained circadian oscillations of the clock proteins and their mRNAs has been designed to test the statistical properties of the model.

Conclusion
The model has significant implications for probing the molecular genetic mechanism of rhythmic oscillations through the detection of the clock QTL throughout the genome.
Treatment adequacy for anxiety and depressive disorders in six
European countries
Authors: Fernández A. , Haro J. M. , Martinez-Alonso M. , Demyttenaere K. , Brugha T. S. , Autonell J. , De Girolamo G. , Bernert S. , Lépine J. P. , Alonso J. 
Published: February 2007

SummaryThe aims of this study areto describe the adequacy of treatment for anxiety
and depressive disorders in Europe and how it differs between providers,
using data from the ESEMeD study The overall proportion of adequate
treatment was 45.8% (57.4% in the specialised sector and 23.3% in the
general medical care sector). Between-country differences were found in
treatment adequacy in the specialised setting. Organisational and political
aspects may explain these findings.
Phase I Study of the Novel Epothilone Analog Ixabepilone (BMS-247550) in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors and Lymphomas
Authors: Aghajanian Carol , Burris Howard A. , Jones Suzanne , Spriggs David R. , Cohen Marvin B. , Peck Ronald , Sabbatini Paul , Hensley Martee L. , Greco F. Anthony , Dupont Jakob , O'Connor Owen A. 
Published: February 2007

Purpose To establish the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of ixabepilone when administered as a 1-hour infusion every 3 weeks to patients with advanced solid tumors or relapsed/refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Dosing schedules of 40 mg/m2 and 50 mg/m2 over 3 hours were also evaluated. Patients and Methods Sixty-one patients were enrolled using an initial accelerated dose-escalation phase followed by a standard dose-escalation phase, with doses of ixabepilone ranging from 7.4 to 65 mg/m2. The pharmacokinetics of ixabepilone and two of its chemical degradation products were evaluated. Plasma pharmacodynamics were evaluated for both 1- and 3-hour infusions using an assay that measures the amount of endogenous tubulin in peripheral-blood mononuclear cells that exists in the polymerized versus the unpolymerized state. Response evaluation was performed every 6 weeks. Results The most common DLTs were neutropenia, stomatitis/pharyngitis, myalgia, and arthralgia. The MTD of ixabepilone as a 1-hour infusion every 3 weeks was established as 50 mg/m2. The maximum plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration time curve appeared to increase less than proportionally to dose. Durable objective responses were seen in eight patients, including two complete responses. Five of the responders had experienced treatment failure with a taxane. Conclusion The recommended dose of ixabepilone for the initiation of phase II studies on the basis of these results is 50 mg/m2 over 1 hour every 3 weeks. The promising efficacy and tolerability results demonstrated by ixabepilone in this study warrant its continued development.
Ethics in Oncology: Consulting for the Investment Industry
Authors: Berlin Jordan , Bruinooge Suanna S. , Tannock Ian F. 
Published: February 2007

As Ethics Committee Chair, I am pleased to introduce the first in an ongoing series of ethics vignettes. These columns, which are based on true-to-life situations that arise in oncology research and practice, are intended to identify and explore important ethical issues and provide commentary that is specific to oncology. Please look for them periodically in both the Journal of Clinical Oncology and the Journal of Oncology Practice. The idea for publishing vignettes evolved through the joint efforts of the Ethics Committee and the Board of Directors. Rather than adopt a single set of ethical principles that applies vaguely to any situation and well to none, the Committee and the Board preferred to tackle ethical dilemmas individually, specifically, and directly. Because the Ethics Committee thought the ethical and legal implications of physician interactions with the investment industry were so important and timely, it chose to address this topic in both a position article, which was previously published in the January 20, 2007, issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology (J Clin Oncol 25:338-340, 2007) and in its first vignette column. The Ethics Committee hopes this column will be the first of several that ASCO members will find helpful as they grapple with the many ethical issues that arise in daily practice in the field of oncology. Because these columns are intended to address the concerns of ASCO members, the Committee welcomes suggestions for future topics at vignettes@asco.org. Martin D. Abeloff, MD, Chair, Ethics Committee
Inorganic–Organic Hybrid with 3D Supramolecular Channel Assembled through C–H···O Interactions Based on the Decavanadate
Authors: Li Taohai , Lü Jian , Gao Shuiying , Li Feng , Cao Rong 
Published: February 2007

Abstract
A novel compound, [Cu(2,2′-bipy)2]2[H2V10O28]·(2,2′-bipy)·H2O (1) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, UV, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 is made up of supramolecular layers of polyoxoanion-supported copper complexes pillared by individual [H2V10O28]4− clusters via weak C–H···O hydrogen-bonding interactions forming a three-dimensional microporous framework with two types of channels, and the “guest” bipyridine molecules reside in the channels.
Modafinil Therapy for Apathy in an Elderly Patient
Authors: Padala Prasad R , Burke William J , Bhatia Subhash C 
Published: February 2007

Objective: To present a case of successful treatment of apathy syndrome with modafinil. Case Summary: A 78-year-old man with dementia and depression was also experiencing apathy that did not respond to antidepressants including escitalopram, a selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Escitalopram was discontinued and modafinil, a novel vigilance-promoting agent pharmacologically distinct from stimulants, was used to successfully treat the apathy. The dosage regimen was initiated at 50 mg and titrated to 200 mg/day over 4 weeks. Apathy was assessed using the Apathy Evaluation Scale developed specifically to identify apathy and also to differentiate this from depression. Discussion: Apathy, a common behavioral problem, is often mistaken for depression; however, apathy differs from depression in symptomatology, clinical presentation, and treatment options. SSRIs, a common treatment for depression, are known to cause or increase apathy. Deficits in the dopamine receptor system are involved in the etiology of apathy; modafinil's increased dopaminergic transmission is thought to help alleviate apathy. Due to its relative lack of drug interactions, modafinil is a good alternative for elderly patients, who often receive multiple medications. Apathy improved significantly after treatment with modafinil in this patient. To the best of our knowledge, as of January 22, 2007, this is the first report of modafinil treatment of apathy syndrome. Conclusions: Modafinil may be useful in treating apathy syndrome. Its role in the treatment of apathy requires further testing in clinical trials.
Taking Up Space: An Interview with Bio of TATS CRU, Inc.
Authors: Lutz Jennifer 
Published: February 2007

I began my interview with Bio with an idea of graffiti as a pure form, as the human need to create, separated from content, context, culture, and reason. Graffiti, or so I thought, was a raw material, capable of offering an unobscured view into what lies beneath. Although not initially aware of it, I was looking for the myth of graffiti: the romantic epic of renegade writers, braced in an uncompromising stance of rebelliousness against an unjust and bourgeois society. Like heroic ghosts, I imagined them creeping deftly through an underground labyrinth, moving in and out of the shadows, here one moment, gone the next, leaving beautiful signatures as the mark of their fleeting presence. The legend of the writer, of the masked Zorro of subterranean New York City, “unfolded on the trains, in the dark tunnels where they encountered danger, high voltage, cold crushing steel wheels, giant hurtling monsters” (Chalfant and Prigoff 1987, 8).During the fall of 2000, I met with Bio, a thirty-four-year-old writer from the Bronx, at his studio in Hunt's Point. He was once the embodiment of the graffiti hero, a young vandal, illegally bombing New York subway's No. 6 IRT line as part of the Tough and Talented (or TATS) CRU. “We started at the height of the scene,” he reminisces in an interview with Mhari Saito. “There was so much painting going on, with everyone talking to each other” (Saito 1996, 2). But things began to change under the heavy fist of the city's antigraffiti campaigns. With the advent of the new paint-resistant metal subway cars, or “ding-dongs,” in 1987, TATS CRU and other writers were driven out of the subway and above ground. Rather than living the myth of the New York graffiti writer, committing beautiful acts of transgression against social law and accepted order, Bio was forced to give up the struggle.In 1995, Bio and two lifelong friends, BG 183 and Nicer, transformed their graffiti into a commercial enterprise, marketing their skills to private interests and corporate advertisers. The three writers refounded (and renamed) their group as Top Artistic Talent's Cm, Inc., now an advertising agency commissioned to create graffiti for business murals and billboards, rap music backdrops, and video sets. In the past decade, the group's transition has proved financially successful. They have painted fifty murals for Coca-Cola throughout the New York area and are working on a project for the House of Seagram's. Local churches, schools, and individuals also hire the agency to create public murals and memorial walls (plate 1).
Mendelian controversies: a botanical and historical review
Authors: Fairbanks Daniel J. , Rytting Bryce 
Published: February 2007

Gregor Mendel was a 19th century priest and botanist who developed the fundamental laws of inheritance. The year 2000 marked a century since the rediscovery of those laws and the beginning of genetics. Although Mendel is now recognized as the founder of genetics, significant controversy ensued about his work throughout the 20th century. In this paper, we review five of the most contentious issues by looking at the historical record through the lens of current botanical science: (1) Are Mendel's data too good to be true? (2) Is Mendel's description of his experiments fictitious? (3) Did Mendel articulate the laws of inheritance attributed to him? (4) Did Mendel detect but not mention linkage? (5) Did Mendel support or oppose Darwin?A synthesis of botanical and historical evidence supports our conclusions: Mendel did not fabricate his data, his description of his experiments is literal, he articulated the laws of inheritance attributed to him insofar as was possible given the information he had, he did not detect linkage, and he neither strongly supported nor opposed Darwin.
Three new species of Nepeta (Lamiaceae) from Iran
Authors: Jamzad Ziba , Ingrouille Martin , Simmonds Monique S. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe Iranian species of Nepeta were investigated as part of a phylogenetic study of the genus. The relationships among species revealed the status of some taxa including three new species. The new species are recognized by differences in morphology as well as molecular characters. Nepeta balouchestanica, N. mahanensis, and N. hormozganica are described as new and their relationships with closely related taxa discussed.
Lectotypification of Pleuridium sullivanii (Ditrichaceae) and Tetrapterum sullivanii (Pottiaceae)
Authors: Yip Kwok Leung 
Published: February 2007

AbstractContrary to the listings of Index Muscorum, the type of Pleuridium sullivanii (basionym Astomum sullivanii) is not the same as, or even conspecific with, that of Tetrapterum sullivanii (basionym Phascum sullivanii). The two basionyms are based on different type specimens. Lectotypes are designated for Phascum sullivanii and Astomum sullivanii; that of the latter is identifiable as Pleuridium nervosum.
Reproductive biology and plant systematics: the growth of a symbiotic association
Authors: Anderson Gregory J. , Johnson Steven D. , Neal Paul R. , Bernardello Gabriel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSystematics and reproductive biology have been closely intertwined through botanical history because both rely on reproductive characters. We consider interconnections between systematics and reproductive biology from notable papers and reviews. In addition, a review of over 6,000 journals and millions of articles using the ISI Web of Science® demonstrates a steady growth in publication of papers on reproductive biology from 1975 to 2001. Furthermore, the rate of publications that link systematics with reproductive biology shows a steep increase from 1991 to the present. This increase is evident even when the overall increased rate of publication is considered. We identify several current research themes, including the increasing use of phylogenetic data for interpreting the evolution of reproductive systems. Though studies of reproductive biology and of systematics have the potential for “reciprocal illumination”, few have used reproductive biological data for understanding the functional significance of morphology. Other fundamental areas where the combination of reproductive biology and systematics has proven valuable include studies of the nature of species, adaptation, speciation and hybridization. These elements of reproductive biology, especially in the context of systematic studies, will benefit from more comprehensive analyses within genera, and of taxa within communities through time and space.
Correctability of the epithet minchegense to mingcheense in Lycopodium (Lycopodiaceae) and lectotypification of Lycopodium mingcheense
Authors: Xiang Qiao-Ping , Zhang Xian-Chun , Nicolson Dan H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe long overlooked synonym Lycopodium “minchegense” Ching has one month’s priority over Phlegmariurus mingcheensis Ching on which Huperzia mingcheensis (Ching) Holub is based. It is argued that the older binomial has a typesetter’s error (misplaced “g”) and is correctable to L. mingcheense. A new combination in Huperzia would be a later homonym of Holub’s combination. A lectotype is designated for L. mingcheense.
Spatial and temporal patterns in the evolution of the flora of the European Alpine System
Authors: Comes Hans Peter , Kadereit Joachim W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis paper presents a perspective of how phylogenetic and phylogeographic hypotheses, based on nuclear DNA sequence variation (ITS) or amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), can provide insights into the origin and evolution of the European high mountain flora. We focus on a diversity of unrelated herbaceous plant taxa that are broadly co‐distributed across the European Alpine System, representing different taxonomic levels, and having either Mediterranean or Asian affinities (i.e.,Anthyllis montana, Pritzelago alpina, Globulariavs.Soldanella, andPrimulasect.Auricula). Our observations highlight that all taxa investigated began to diversify at the beginning of the Pleistocene or well within this period. Some of those taxa apparently followed different routes and modes of immigration, thereby colonizing the European high mountains only once (either from the East or the West) or repeatedly (from the Mediterranean Basin). Our observations further suggest that several high mountain taxa originated from lowland forms. While supporting earlier views, such a trend has generally been associated with pre‐Quaternary rather than Pleistocene events. While several concordant patterns of (large‐scale) spatial genetic differentiation are identified across taxa, such similarities may have arisen at either clearly different or roughly similar times. Finally, most speciation events likely occurred in allopatry, though more comprehensive studies are required to evaluate the relative importance of non‐allopatric modes of speciation in the study area. We conclude that one major challenge to future evolutionary studies in European mountain plants is the accurate and reliable reconstruction of the tempo and mode of speciation across Quaternary time scales.
Needs of users of botanical information in South Africa: outcomes of a national workshop for the stakeholders and end­users of botanical information and herbaria
Authors: Steenkamp Yolande , Smith Gideon F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the face of an increasingly challenging scientific and fiscal environment, and of shrinking government funding to research institutions, these institutions (including herbaria) must enter the "stakeholder society", in which the needs of the customer are foremost, if they are to survive and remain relevant in the new millennium. To ensure that herbaria in South Africa are indeed delivering those products and services that their customers need and require, a national workshop was organised under the auspices of the Southern African Botanical Diversity Network (SABONET), which provided the setting for discussion (with the customers) of these needs and wants. Perhaps predictably, it was established that South African end­users of botanical information need more regularly updated, more comprehensive information (e.g., in terms of species lists, name changes and distributional data) than that which they are currently getting. They furthermore want a larger choice in the format of the information not only as hard copy, but also as Internet­based electronic versions. Faster, more efficient services (especially plant identification services) are needed. In terms of infrastructure: to have more confidence in the completeness of the data, a larger, more representative collated herbarium collection (and therefore the expansion of current herbarium collections) is needed. The herbaria of South Africa face several manpower and financial constraints in the implementation of the actions needed to address adequately the needs and wants of their stakeholders.
The typification of Capparis inermis Forssk., C. sinaica Veill. and C. cartilaginea Decne. (Capparaceae)
Authors: Rivera Diego , Friis Ib , Inocencio Cristina , Obón Concepción , Alcaraz Francisco , Reales Antonio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe binomials Capparis inermis Forssk. and C. cartilaginea Decne. are neo­ and lectotypified, respectively. Thus typified, C. inermis Forssk. and C. cartilaginea Decne. are conspecific, and the correct name for the taxon would be the older binomial, C. inermis Forssk., unless a current proposal to conserve C. cartilaginea against C. inermis is accepted. Capparis sinaica Veill. is lectotypified by an illustration cited in the protologue and becomes a synonym of C. aegyptia Lam. Capparis inermis Turra is an illegitimate later homonym of Forsskål’s name, and C. dahi Forssk. does not refer to a taxon belonging to the genus Capparis.
Myriolepis, a new genus segregated from Limonium (Plumbaginaceae)
Authors: Lledó M. Dolores , Erben Matthias , Crespo Manuel B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTaxonomic features of Limonium subg. Myriolepis are reviewed and compared with those of other taxa in Plumbaginaceae. The new genus Myriolepis is proposed on the basis of morphological, karyological and phytochemical characters to include two western Mediterranean species of Limonium sect. Myriolepis: L. ferulaceum and L. diffusum. Remaining taxa belonging to L. subg. Myriolepis (those in L. sects. Siphonantha and Polyarthrion) are recognised as sections in L. subg. Limonium. Affinities to other taxa of Limonium, sometimes suggested as related to Myriolepis, are also discussed.
Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on Festuca (Poaceae): the Festuca vizzavonae and "F. cyrnea" problem
Authors: Signorini M. Adele , Foggi Bruno , Nardi Enio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMorphological and karyological features show that Festuca vizzavonae and F. rubra var. cyrnea St. Yves & Litard. are taxonomic synonyms and that F. vizzavonae would be the correct name for this taxon at the rank of species. As this name has, however, been generally considered synonymous with F. alpina subsp. briquetii (/F. alfrediana), this would result in a confusing, and therefore disadvantageous, nomenclatural change. A proposal to reject F. vizzavonae is, therefore, being made.
Lectotypification of Dolichostegia Schlechter (Asclepiadoideae, Apocynaceae) and a new combination, Dischidia boholensis
Authors: Livshultz Tatyana 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDolichostegia Schlechter, the name of a monotypic genus endemic to the Philippines, is lectotypified and the lectotype described and illustrated. Synonymy of Dolichostegia with Dischidia is accepted and a new combination, Dischidia boholensis (Schlechter) Livshultz, is made. The most likely type locality for D. boholensis, and for other R. C. McGregor specimens from Bohol, is limestone hill forest near Guindulman, in the south‐eastern corner of the island.
Behaviour of pure water and water mixture with benzene or chloroform adsorbed onto ordered mesoporous silicas
Authors: Gun’ko Vladimir , Turov Vladimir , Turov Alexander , Zarko Vladimir , Gerda Vasiliy , Yanishpolskii Victor , Berezovska Inna , Tertykh Valentin 
Published: February 2007

Abstract
Structural characteristics of synthesized ordered mesoporous silicas MCM-41, MCM-48 and SBA-15 were studied using XRD, nitrogen adsorption and FTIR methods. Pure water and mixtures with water/benzene and water/chloroform-d adsorbed onto silicas were studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy with layer-by-layer freezing-out of bulk and interfacial liquids. Concentrated aqueous suspensions of MCM-48 and SBA-15 were studied by thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) method. Benzene and chloroform-d can displace a portion of water to broad pores from the pore walls and from narrower pores, especially in the case of a large excess of an organic solvent. This process is accompanied by diminution of both interaction energy of water with an adsorbent surface and freezing temperature depression of adsorbed water. The effect of nonpolar benzene on pore water is much stronger than that of weakly polar chloroform-d. Modifications of the Gibbs-Thomson relation to describe the freezing point depression of mixtures of immiscible liquids confined in pores allow us to determine distribution functions of sizes of structures with unfrozen pore water and benzene.