bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective Reduction of Phosphatides with Lithium Aluminum Hydride. I. Ovolecithin
Authors: Urakami Chieko , Okura Hirochika , Okada Mitsuko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The optimum conditions for cleavage of the fatty acid ester linkages in the lecithin molecule were found to be 20 min. at 10°C with the use of two moles of lithium aluminum hydride per mole of lecithin. The product formed under these conditions was identified to be l-α-glycerylphosphorylcholine when ovolecithin which was shown to be l-α-lecithin was used.
Discussion has been presented as to two mechanisms possibly participating in the cleavage of glycerylphosphorylcholine, one involving a complex formation with the phosphoryl group and the other with the cationic nitrogen atom of the choline base.
Studies on the Mucilage of the Root of “ Tororo-aoi” (Abelmoschus manihot, MEDIC). II. Effect of Heating on the Colloidal Characteristics of the Mucilage
Authors: Inokawa Saburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) From electron micrographs it was observed that in the crude mucilage there exists a network structure, but its structure is broken by heating.
2) From sedimentation diagrams and electrophoresis patterns it seems reasonable to assume that in the purified fresh mucilage there exist very strong intermolecular forces like those in gel and these forces decrease markedly by heating.
3) It is conceivable that the degradation of the mucin macromolecule does not play an important role in the marked decrease of the elasticity of the purified fresh mucilage by heating.
Thermodynamic Studies on Cobalt Complexes. VI. Solubility of Nitropentamminecobalt(III), cis- and trans-Dinitrotetrammine-cobalt(III) and Trinitrotriamminecobalt(III) Complexes*
Authors: Mori Motoshichi , Tsuchiya Ryokichi , Fukuda Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. From the solubility of cobalt (III) nitroammine complexes the thermodynamic stability was found to decrease in the order, chloride&gt;nitrate&gt;bromide&gt;perchlorate.
2. The free energy of solution of cis-dinitrotetramminecobalt(III) chloride is lower than that of the trans chloride. This fact is attributed to the abnormally large value of the entropy of solution of the former compared with the latter.
3. Between the free energy of formation of cobalt (III) nitroammine complexes and the number of coordinated nitro-groups there exists a linear relationship.
Synthesis of α,α′-Diaminodicarboxylic Acids
Authors: Toi Koji , Mori Kan , Izumi Yoshiharu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A systematic study was made on the synthesis of α,α′-diaminodicarboxylic acids mainly by amination of the corresponding α,α′-dibromo-dicarboxylic acids using succinimide as an aminating reagent and by condensation of diethyl acetamidomalonate with α, ω-dibromo-paraffin.
The Ion-Exchange Behavior of Some Neutral Amino Acids
Authors: Sen\={o} Manabu , Yamabe Takeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ion-exchange behavior of three kinds of neutral amino acids was examined and the following results were obtained.
1) The ion-exchange behavior of amino acids can be explained when the dissociation equilibrium of amino acids in the solution was taken into account.
2) The maximum adsorption of neutral amino acids on the ion-exchange resins takes place in a rather broad pH range at the iso-electric point.
3) The neutral amino acids are adsorbed more extensively on cation-exchangers than on anion-exchangers. Glycine is adsorbed most extensively and leucine is more adsorbed than alanine.
Syntheses of Peptides Containing Proline. I. Syntheses of Glycyl-l-prolyl-l-leucyl-glycyl-l-proline and its Related Compounds
Authors: Sakakibara Shumpei , Nagai Yutaka 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Glycyl-l-prolyl-l-leucyl-glycyl-l-proline and its related compounds were synthesized for elucidating the substrate specificity of collagenase. In the synthetic study, almost all of the possible routes were tried and the yield. crystallizability and specific rotation of products were compared for each route. Peptides or their derivatives containing two proline residues in general were hydrophilic and hard to be crystallized, but it was found, that carbobenzoxyglycyl-l-prolyl-l-leucyl-glycyl-l-proline was an exceptional example of a readily crystallizable substance and a good substrate for collagenase.
Physical Properties and Crystal Structure of 2-Bromo-2, 3, 3-trimethylbutane
Authors: Koide Tsutomu , Kato Yoshihiro , Oda Tsutomu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
2-Bromo-2, 3, 3-trimethylbutane gives a plastic crystal, which is optically isotropic and has a density of 1.31 g./cc. at 13°C. The X-ray data can be interpreted on the bases of a body-centered cubic lattice, having α=7.66 Å with two molecules in the unit cell. The symmetry interpretation gives a structure of disordered orientation of molecules. It was found, by means of optical and differential thermal analysis methods, that there is a phase transition at about −114°C, below which the crystal is of a lower symmetry.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Bismuth with Xylenol Orange
Authors: Onishi Hiroshi , Ishiwatari Nasumi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A method is described for the spectrophotometric determination of 10∼80μg. of bismuth with Xylenol Orange. The error is not likely to exceed ±10 per cent. The molar extinction coefficient of bismuth in 0.1 n nitric acid solution is 1.6×104 at 530 mμ. Instead of nitric acid perchloric acid or sulfuric acid may also be used. The interference of small amounts of zirconium, thorium, and iron can be eliminated by masking. Lead and thallium do not interfere with the determination of bismuth. A 1 :1 complex of bismuth with Xylenol Orange is suggested.
Studies on Polymerizaton and Depolymerization of ε-Caprolactam Polymer. VIII. The Solution Viscosity of Poly-ε-capramide of Super-high Degree of Polymerization
Authors: Ogata Naoya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The solution viscosity of poly-ε-capramide of a super-high degree of polymerization in 98% sulfuric acid has been investigated. A linear relation between log (ηsp/c) and c (g./ 100 cc.) is found for the alkali-catalyzed polymers of [η]&gt;2.5, as expressed by the following equation.
log(η_sp/c)=0.05c+(0.33c+1)log[η]
The relationship between \barPn and [η] is expressed by the following equation.
\barP_n=89[η]
The alkali-catalyzed polymer of a super-high degree of polymerization degrades slowly at room temperature in solid phase.
Proton Magnetic Resonance of Borazole
Authors: Ito Kazuo , Watanabe Haruyuki , Kubo Masaji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The proton and 11B magnetic resonances of borazole were recorded at room temperature. The proton magnetic resonance spectrum showed a 14NH triplet, a 11BH quartet and a part of 10BH septet. The broadening of multiplet structure was discussed and the peak heights of the multiplet components were explained in terms of the quadrupole relaxation of nuclei bonded to hydrogen. The chemical shifts and the spin coupling constants were compared with those of related compounds.
Alkylalkoxypolysiloxanes. IX. Methylethoxypolysiloxanes Containing the Trimethylsiloxy Group
Authors: Sakiyama Minoru , Okawara Rokuro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) Methylethoxypolysiloxanes containing the trimethylsiloxy group have been prepared.
(2) The infrared spectra of these compounds are discussed.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Traces of Boron in Thorium
Authors: Onishi Hiroshi , Ishiwatari Nasumi , Nagai Hitoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Procedure is described for the spectrophotometric determination of a few tenths of a part per million of boron in thorium oxide or metal. The sample was brought into solution with strong phosphoric acid. After diluting the solution with water, boron was separated by distillation as methyl borate, and finally determined by the curcumin method. The error is not likely to exceed ±0.1 ppm for 0.2∼1 ppm of boron.
Determination of Reducing Sugars by Means of Back Titration against Alkaline Copper Solution. I
Authors: Takahashi Masahito 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A new volumetric method determining reducing sugars has been developed by titrating a boiling mixture of modified Fehling solution and sugar solution with a standard sugar solution. By the method the concentration of sugar solution can be determined rapidly with high degree of precision.
Errors caused by variables of analytical conditions automatically being corrected, the maximum degree of accuracy will be possible by this procedure even in an unskilled hand.
There are several advantages over Lane and Eynon’s method and other methods; the method is applicable over a wide range of sugar concentrations, especialy dilute solution, and in addition the difficulty in changing or washing a burette for a new solution, etc., is eliminated.
Biochemical Studies on Pearl. VIII. Occurence of Calcite, Aragonite and Dolomite in Pearl and Shell
Authors: Tanaka Shozo , Hatano Hiroyuki , Itasaka Osamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The chemical compositions of the pearl and the shell of the Japanese pearl oyster were investigated from a crystallographical and biochemical point of view.
By the X-ray diffraction analysis, crystals of calcium carbonate in the nacre of pearl and in the nacreous layer of shell were determined to be aragonite, while those in the prismatic layer were shown to be calcite.
The state of chemical combination of minute amounts of magnesium present in the pearl and the shell materials was examined by a chemical method. In the nacreous substances, magnesium is present as dolomite, while in the prismatic material it exists as a solid solution of calcite and dolomite.
The state of crystals of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate occurring in the pearl oyster has been discussed with respect to the formation of the pearl and the shell of the pearl oyster.
Studies on Arsenic Trisulfide Glass
Authors: Matsuda Jiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Arsenic trisulfide glass shows 70% of transmittance between 2 and 12 μ. This transmittance is somewhat insufficient for the optical cell in the infrared. Moreover, the chemical durability to alkali is very weak. These defects can be removed by proper coating on the surface. For instance, it can be of good use between 2 and 5.7 μ by using terylene film.
In thermal expansion, the transformation point of glassy arsenic trisulfide is nearly 170°C. In order to study what process of transformation occurs in the glass, the quenching method was applied. Some pieces of annealed glass were experimentally quenched at 180, 174, 164 and 153°C. Thermal expansion was measured on these quenched glasses.
Because of their various controls of expansion by temperature, glassy transformation at 170°C has no connection with transformation at the same temperature in arsenic trisulfide.
Phase Equilibrium on Liquidus Surface of the System 3CaO·P2O5–CaO·MgO·2SiO2–MgO·SiO2
Authors: Sata Toshiyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The phase relationship on the liquidus surface of the system 3CaO·P2O5–CaO·MgO·2SiO2–MgO·SiO2 was investigated by the usual quenching method. The three primary crystals are α- or β-tricalcium phosphate, diopside and forsterite, and the range of the lowest temperature is located at the center of this triangle (1277°C). From these results, it is found that this system should be considered as a partial system in the 4-component system 3CaO·P2O5–CaO·MgO·2SiO2–2MgO·SiO2–SiO2.
High Pressure Reduction of Organic Compounds with Urushibara Catalyst. VI. A New Type of Urushibara Nickel Catalyst
Authors: Motoyama Izumi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A new Urushibara nickel catalyst, U-Ni-BA, was prepared from nickel chloride and aluminum grains. This new catalyst was found to be highly active for the hydrogenation of aromatic nucleus, contrary to the older Urushibara nickel catalyst, U-Ni-A or U-Ni-B.
The preservability of the catalyst was examined: the precipitate, obtained by the reaction of nickel chloride with aluminum grains (or zinc dust), was kept for a long time in solvent or in dry state, and a similarly active catalyst could be obtained by digesting the preserved precipitate with aqueous caustic alkali.
Determination of Thallium(I) with Iodate in the Presence of Mercuric Ions and with Iodate and Permanganate via Bromide
Authors: Sharma Bechu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Oxidation of thallium(I) is carried out with iodate in the presence of mercuric ions using the amperometric D.S.E.P. Thallium is oxidized to thallium(III) and iodate is quantitatively reduced to iodide. The procedure is valuable because it gives correct determination for thallium(I) at a low acid concentration. Oxidation of thallium(I) with permanganate and iodate in hydrochloric acid via bromide is also found to be accurate and quantitative.
Pre-oxidation by Iodine Monochloride—Potassium Hydroxide and Use of Iodine Monochloride End Point in the Determination of Hydrazine, Thiocyanate, Thiosulfate and Glucose
Authors: Sharma Bechu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The principle of hypoiodite (iodine monochloride + potassium hydroxide) pre-oxidation and iodine monochloride end point has been adopted to the determination of hydrazine, thiocyanate, thiosulfate and glucose. The availability of alternative standard titrating solutions (iodate, permanganate and ceric sulfate) and applicability over a range of reductant concentrations are essential features of this procedure.
On the d Orbital of the Sulfur Atom in Thiophene
Authors: Maeda Kôgorô 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The influence of neighboring atoms upon the diffuse d orbital on the sulfur atom and the possibility of the participation in the hybridization were examined. It might be expected that, with respect to the sulfur atom in thiophene, the participation of d orbitals in the hybridization would take place to a greater extent than predicted by the direct application of free atom parameter by Slater’s rule, owing to the contraction by the perturbation of neighboring carbon atoms.
Theory on the Small Angle Scattering of Light to Determine the Shape, Size and Orientation of High Polymer Molecules in Flow
Authors: Nakagaki Masayuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Small angle scattering of light by streaming flexible high polymer molecules is studied theoretically. It is concluded that the position at which the Zimm plot for infinite dilution cuts the ordinate does not change with the velocity gradient and is equal to 1/M. The initial slope of the Zimm plot, however, varies with the velocity gradient as well as the direction of the observation plane. The quantity g proportional to the initial slope varies with the rate of rotation Ω of a concentric cylinder apparatus according to the approximation equation:
(g/g_0-1)/Ω=A+BΩ
where g0 is the value of g at β=0, and A and B are parameters depending upon the direction of observation.
Now, when a quantity G:
(Remark: Graphics omitted.)
(where β is a quantity proportional to the velocity gradient, the proportionality constant being obtained from the value of A or B) is measured, the value of Gmax is equal to the length of the semi-major axis of the molecule, the observation plane for this Gmax being parallel to the direction of the major axis of the molecule, while the value of Gmin is equal to the length of the semi-minor axis of the molecule, the observation plane for this value being parallel to the direction of the minor axis of the molecule.
The pattern to be obtained by photographing the small angle scattering from a streaming solution of high polymer is discussed. The pattern is expected to be an ellipse, the orientation of the pattern is expected to be rotated by exactly 90° from the orientation of the molecule.
Biochemical Studies on Pearl. IX. Amino Acid Composition of Conchiolin in Pearl and Shell
Authors: Tanaka Shozo , Hatano Hiroyuki , Itasaka Osamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Conchiolin, a kind of screloprotein, was isolated from the pearl and the shell of the pearl oysters. The amino acid composition of con-chiolin was determined by the chromatographic method with the starch column. Relatively large amounts of leucines, alanine, glycine and cystine were found in conchiolin.
Remarkable differences were found in the contents of phenylalanine, alanine and proline between conchiolin from the nacreous substance and that from the prismatic substance.
Chemisorption of Hydrogen on Zinc Oxide. I. Rate of Desorption and Adsorption Isotherm
Authors: Kubokawa Yutaka 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The rate of desorption of hydrogen chemisorbed on zinc oxide was measured over a wide range of temperatures. The rate at a constant temperature was found to obey approximately the kinetics of the Elovich type. The activation energy of desorption was determined at various coverages, with the result that it increased with decreasing amount from at least about 10∼31 kcal./mol. and then remained constant. The heat of adsorption obtained from adsorption isotherms in the temperature range 300∼370°C was found to be 18 kcal./mol., being roughly constant. Meanwhile, from the isotherms at about 100°C, a heat of adsorption of 6∼8 kcal./mol. was obtained. Comparison between the activation energy of desorption and the heat of adsorption suggests that most part of hydrogen chemisorption on zinc oxide involves an activation energy, its highest value being estimated as 13 kcal./mol.
The Kinetic Study of Surface-chemical Reactions at Extremely Low Pressures. V. The Thermal Reaction between Water Vapor and a Tungsten Filament. Part V
Authors: Hamamura Takuya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) Reaction probabilities above 1950°K are determined.
2) The ratio value O/W of the deposit increases with the rise of temperature.
3) The deposit having ratio value O/W greater than 3 appears colorless in transmitted light.
4) The colorless deposit is composed of tungsten trioxide and the ratio value O/W greater than 3 is ascribed to the production of hydrogen, not being accompanied by the weight loss of filament, since the ratio value is determined from the amount of hydrogen produced and the amount of weight loss of filament.
5) Water vapor decomposes and a part of the oxygen thus produced is taken up by the wall of the apparatus, and hence hydrogen is produced, not being accompanied by the weight loss of filament.
6) The reaction rate and the ratio value O/W of the deposit decrease with the increase of hydrogen pressure, since the oxygen taken up by the wall recombines with hydrogen to form water vapor.
Hydrogen Abstraction from Hydrogen Sulfide Molecules by Methyl Radicals
Authors: Imai Naomi , Toyama Osamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Acetone has been photolyzed in the presence of the varied amounts of hydrogen sulfide in the temperature range from 50° to 140°C. From the analysis of the products at low conversions the initial rates of formation of carbon monoxide, methane and ethane have been determined, which, combined with the mechanism of acetone photolysis already established, give the values of k5/k31⁄2, where k5 and k3 are respectively the rate constants for the reactions CH3+H2S=CH4+HS and CH3+CH3=C2H6. Accepting k3=1013.38 mol−1 cc. sec−1 with zero activation energy as recommended by Shepp, the rate constant of the abstraction reaction is represented by k5=1011.4 exp (−2.6 kcal.mol−1/RT) mol−1 cc. sec−1.
Constitution and Solubility of Vitreous Phosphates and Slags
Authors: Ando Jumpei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The diffraction angle of center of X-ray halo of glasses composed of silica, phosphorus pentoxide, alumina, lime, magnesia, sodium oxide and ferrous oxide is principally determined by a ratio of the number of cations coordinated by six (or eight) oxygen ions to that coordinated by for oxygen ions.
Approximate ratio of the number of aluminum or magnesium ions which is coordinated by four oxygen ions to that of total aluminum or magnesium ions can be determined by measurement of X-ray halo using above relations.
Glass formation is closely related to oxygen ratio OR0. Solubility of vitreous phosphates and slags in n/2 hydrochloric acid or 2% citric acid is indicated by the ratios OR1, OR2 and OR3 all of which are calculated from chemical composition and above relations.
Determination of Methyl and Phenyl Groups in Methyl-Phenyl-Siloxane Polymer by NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Kubota Tsutomu , Takamura Tsutomu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Proton spin resonance spectra were recorded for the three binary mixtures, benzene-dioxane, benzene-hexamethylsiloxane and dioxane-cyclooctaphenyltetrasiloxane whose mixing ratios were varied. The peak area due to resonating proton of methyl or phenyl group was found to be directly proportional for all systems to the number of protons which give the peak of respective groups over a wide range of recording conditions.
With the results obtained, the determination of methyl and phenyl groups in methyl-phenyl-siloxane polymer was carried out by the use of the inner reference method using dioxane. Siloxane polymer was mixed with dioxane and the spectrum was recorded for the mixture, the number of each group being calculated from the obtained peak area. The results were compared with those obtained from the infrared analysis and they were in good agreement within the experimental error.
The Volume Change on Formation of Water from its Ions
Authors: Tsujioka Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Values of the changes of volume on formation of water from the hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in aqueous solutions, at various concentrations at 20°C, have been calculated, by combining the data of volume change on neutralization of a strong acid with a strong base and those on dilution of electrolyte solutions. Furthermore, the dependence of the volume change on the concentration has been derived and checked with the calculated data. The volume change on formation of water from its ions at moderate concentrations at 20°C is given by the equation: ΔVF=23.52−3.10\sqrtC ml. per mole, where C is the concentration of ions in mol./1.
Studies on Organic Peroxides. V. Decomposition of Benzoyl Peroxide by Iron(II)
Authors: Hasegawa Shigeo , Nishimura Norio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
An investigation of the rate of decomposition of benzoyl peroxide by ferrous ion in ethanol has been made. The rate of the reaction was linearly proportional to the concentrations of benzoyl peroxide and ferrous ion, in accordance with Haber-Weiss one electron transfer mechanism. But the apparent decomposition rate was of the first order. The Arrhenius equation was k1=2.2×1011exp(−14,210⁄RT)mol−1 1. sec−1.
Hydrogen Reduction of a Single Crystal of Nickel Oxide
Authors: Iida Yoshio , Shimada Kenzo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In the hydrogen reduction of a single crystal of nickel oxide, the rate of reduction does not always increase with an increase in the reduction temperature. In the range of 350 to 500°C the rate decreases with the temperature, and the rate is the lowest at 500°C. These facts are explained reasonably by the microscopical examination of the surface of the reduced nickel. It is concluded that the desorption of the water formed through the pores is a rate-determining step in the reduction of the single crystal of nickel oxide. The nickel formed on (100) plane of nickel oxide by the reduction has (100) plane as a preferential orientation.