bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CUTANEOUS ALTERATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
Authors: PICÓ MARÍA R. , LUGO‐SOMOLINOS AÍDA , SÁNCHEZ JORGE L. , BURGOS‐CALDFRÓN RAFAEL 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dermatologic problems among patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. One‐hundred and two patients with CRF were examined for the presence of cutaneous alterations. All patients examined had at least one cutaneous lesion. The most prevalent findings were alterations in the cutaneous pigmentation. Of particular interest was an increased prevalence of hyperpigmented macules on the palms and soles. Other manifestations, seen particularly in the hemodialysis group, included the half‐and‐half nail, pruritus, and keratotic pits of the palms and soles. Infectious processes were more prevalent in the group undergoing peritoneal dialysis. This study showed that all patients with CRF have some type of cutaneous alteration and that the type of dialysis could have some influence upon the incidence of these changes.
CURATIVE EFFECT OF DEXAMETHASONE‐CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE PULSE THERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF PEMPHIGUS VULGARIS
Authors: PASRICHA J.S. , DAS SIDDHARTHA S. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn 1982, five patients having pemphigus vulgaris, four men and one woman, ranging in age between 16 and 48 years, were treated with an arbitrary regimen designed by us. The regimen consisted of giving 100 mg dexamethasone in 500 mL of 5% glucose by a slow intravenous infusion on three consecutive days, along with 500 mg cyclophosphamide on one day only. Such dexamethasone‐cyclophosphamide pulses (DCP) were meant to be given once a month, but most patients were not regular in this treatment. In between these pulses the patients received only 50 mg cyclophosphamide orally per day. Oral corticosteroids were given only when necessary. After having received a total of 14 to 48 DCPS, further treatment for pemphigus was withdrawn. All the patients are in continuous clinical remission for the last 4 to 9 years and without any treatment for 2 to 7 years. Further studies on more pemphigus patients have yielded similar results suggesting that it may be possible to cure pemphigus.
CUTANEOUS LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: DIRECT IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE AND EPIDERMAL BASAL MEMBRANE STUDY
Authors: SUGAI SOLEDAD A. , GERBASE ANDREA B. , CERNEA SELMA S. , SOTTO MIRIAN N. , OLIVEIRA ZILDA N.P. , VILELA MARIA A.C. , RIVITTI EVANDRO A. , MIYAUCHI LUCY M. , SAMPAIO SEBASTIÃO A.P. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBiopsy specimens of cutaneous discoid lesions of 71 patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) were studied. The material was examined by direct immunofluorescence (DIF) to establish positivity and morphologic patterns of immunoglobulins and complement deposits in the basement membrane zone (BMZ). A correlation between DIF results and thickening of the epidermis basement membrane (BM) stained by periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS), obtained from 31 matched biopsy specimens, also is presented. Direct immunofluorescence had positive results in 66.20% of the 71 examinations and 70.97% of the matched examinations, whereas PAS showed BM thickening in 100% of the specimens. This observation stresses the importance of such histopathologic findings in the diagnosis of discoid lesions in CLE. There was no correlation between DIF patterns and PAS‐stained BMZ thickening. These findings merit additional study. In conclusion, an accordance between PAS‐stained BM thickening and immunoglobulin deposits has occurred in 70.97% of cases. This phenomenon does not depend on the presence of immunocomplexes, for it occurs even in cases in which immunocomplex deposits were not detected.
HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA INVASIVE TO CHEST WALL
Authors: KNIGHT TIMOTHY E. , WOO A. STEPHEN , BLAISDELL JODI MATSUURA 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAn 88‐year‐old white man developed hepatocellular carcinoma forming a large subcutaneous mass by direct invasion of the posterior chest wall. Forty‐seven cases of cutaneous metastases from primary liver cancer have been reported. These cutaneous metastases showed protean morphologic features with the face and scalp being the most common sites of involvement. The metastatic lesions may be the presenting sign of the cancer. Average survival, after development of a skin metastasis, was 5 months. Skin metastases from primary liver cancer are being reported more frequently. This is due, in part, to more prolonged survival of liver cancer patients, which allows development of skin metastases, and also due to increased awareness by the clinician.
PROFILE OF ALOPECIA AREATA: A QUESTIONNAIRE ANALYSIS OF PATIENT AND FAMILY
Authors: SHELLOW WILLIAM V.R. , EDWARDS JOEL E. , KOO JOHN Y.M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEight hundred patients with alopecia areata (AA) responded to a detailed questionnaire that was compiled, distributed, and analyzed by Help Alopecia International Research, Inc. (hair). Among those responding, 28% were men and 72% were women. Fifty percent had localized alopecia, 30% had alopecia totalis, and 20% had alopecia universalis. Forty‐eight percent developed their initial onset before the age of 20. A very strong family history of 42% was found. There were 333 additional family members with AA. Many patients and relatives had concurrent atopic diseases (seasonal rhinitis, bronchial asthma, and atopic dermatitis). Associated autoimmune diseases including vitiligo, thyroid disease, and collagen vascular disease in patients and relatives appeared consistent with previous reports. Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was not increased in patients but greatly increased in relatives. Additional analysis suggests a genetic association between the two diseases where expression of AA may prevent the development of IDDM.
PREVALENCE OF DYSPLASTIC NEVI IN HEALTHY YOUNG MEN
Authors: PETER RALF U. , WORRET WOLF I. , NICKOLAY‐KIESTHARDT JUTTA 
Published: May 2007

AbstractYoung white men (1176 men, mean age 20 years, age range from 18 to 26 years) were examined for dysplastic nevi. In 78 patients (6.63%), 107 clinically dysplastic nevi were observed, demonstrating all three NIH criteria (diameter >5mm, irregularities of border, irregularities of color) suggestive for clinically dysplastic nevi. Of these, 71 nevi in 52 patients were excised and examined histologically, 46 nevi in 26 patients were not excised due to lack of patients’consent. Fifty‐two of 78 (66.6%) patients with clinically dysplastic nevi agreed to excision. In these, seven nevi (13.5% of patients or 9.86% of all nevi excised) were confirmed by histology. According to these data, three additional patients with dysplastic nevi would have been expected among the 26 patients who refused surgery. Referring to the entire study group, the prevalence of dysplastic nevi in young white men is expected to be 0.85%.
DYSPLASTIC NEVI, CUTANEOUS MELANOMA, AND GYNECOLOGIC DISORDERS
Authors: FRISCH ROSE E. , WYSHAK GRACE , ALBERT LEE S. , SOBER ARTHUR J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe compared the frequency of reproductive system diseases and disorders among 206 female patients with dysplastic nevi (DN), and/or melanoma, in comparison with random samples of women of comparable age without melanoma. The highest odds ratio (OR) for these age‐related diseases and reproductive disorders occurs among the youngest age group of the patients with DN alone (mean age 35.1 ± 1.2 yr): 44.2% of the DN subjects had one or more reproductive disorders compared with 19.8% of the random sample (OR 3.2, 95% CL (1.6, 6.5), P < 0.001). The patients with melanoma and DN (mean age 41.5 ± 1.4 yr) also had a significantly greater percentage of subjects with one or more reproductive disorders, though less so than the DN subjects: 49.4% compared to 33.7% (OR 1.9, 95% CL (1.1, 3.3), P = 0.02).
LACK OF PREDICTIVE FACTORS IN LATE RECURRENCE OF STAGE I MELANOMA
Authors: TAHERY DAN P. , MOY RONALD L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThrough the UCLA tumor registry, patients treated for late‐relapse malignant melanoma (after a 10–year disease‐free interval) were identified and studied retrospectively. The patients were studied in regards to age, sex, primary site of the lesion, the disease‐free interval, elective lymph node dissection, mode of recurrence and survival time following relapse. The histologic characteristics studied included the maximal tumor thickness, Clark's levels, rate of mitoses, and presence of ulceration. Based on the 0.84% incidence of late‐relapse, the recommendation for annual life‐time follow‐up examinations for all patients with malignant melanoma is supported.
HUMAN TEST MODELS FOR BIOEQUIVALENCE OF TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROIDS: A REVIEW
Authors: OLSEN ELISE A 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIt would be useful to have a safe, reliable, reproducible, and inexpensive human test model to determine the potency of topical corticosteroids and the bioequivalence of generic agents. Existing human test systems include erythema or inflammation induced by irritants or other stimuli, experimentally induced cutaneous disease‐like states, and bioassays in patients with psoriasis. None of these systems is currently reliable enough to warrant general use. Among the shortcomings of existing test systems are the difficulty of producing a uniform, steroid‐responsive test condition, the requirement to use occlusion in several of the systems, and the lack of agreement among the results of different tests. Despite these shortcomings, some of the tests may prove useful in comparing innovator and generic topical corticosteroids and in screening the potency of new agents.
LEPROMATOUS LEPROSY TREATED WITH RECOMBINANT INTERFERON GAMMA: CUTANEOUS HISTOLOGIC CHANGES
Authors: BOTTASSO OSCAR , BESUSCHIO SANTIAGO , MERLIN VICTOR , MORINI JULIO C. , BERNABO JORGE , FALCOFF REBECA , FALCOFF ERNESTO 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe report on the histologic changes occurring in single cutaneous lesions, from six active lepromatous patients, 1 week following the administration of three daily intradermal injections, 35 jag each, of recombinant interferon gamma (nFN‐γ). Except for a strong induration at the injection site, nFN‐γ produced no adverse systemic reactions and was able to promote a remarkable influx of T‐lymphocytes, mononuclear phagocytes with large nuclei, nonvacuolated cytoplasm, and reduced lysozyme reactivity. Furthermore, despite no clear‐cut reduction of mycobacterial dermal burden, bacilli showed a clear increase in the granular appearance. Present findings provide a basis for further elucidation of nFN‐γ as an additional tool for leprosy treatment.
PARANEOPLASTIC PEMPHIGOID‐PEMPHIGUS? SUBEPIDERMAL BULLOUS DISEASE WITH PEMPHIGUS‐LIKE DIRECT IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE
Authors: RONGIOLETTI FRANCO , TRUCHETET FRANÇOIS , REBORA ALFREDO 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Paraneoplastic pemphigus is a recently described variant of pemphigus, in which classic immunologic features of pemphigus are associated with subepidermal erythema multiforme‐like bullae. Case Reports. Two patients with underlying malignant neoplasm had a bullous disease, which had clinical and histologic features suggestive of bullous pemphigoid while direct immunofluorescence revealed intercellular deposits of IgG and C3 throughout the malpighian layer of epidermis, a pattern usually diagnostic for pemphigus. Indirect immunofluorescence studies were negative. One mg/kg/day prednisone was enough to cure the eruption in a couple of weeks without any recurrence. Conclusions. The disease differs from the recently reported paraneoplastic pemphigus and from other bullous diseases associating circulating pemphigus‐like antibodies with clinical, histologic, and often even immunologic features of bullous pemphigoid.
PITYRIASIS ALBA: A HISTOLOGIC STUDY
Authors: VARGAS‐OCAMPO FRANCISCO 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Pityriasis alba is a common dermatitis, but only a few histologic studies have been reported and most of these maintain that its microscopic features are those of a chronic nonspecific dermatitis. Methods. A retrospective light microscopic study was performed on biopsy specimens taken from 39 patients with localized pityriasis alba on face, arms and forearms without signs of atopy. Thirty‐two patients were girls or women and seven were boys or men, with ages ranging from 7 to 37 years. The duration of illness varied from 1 month to 10 years. The clinical picture was characterized by three clinical stages: papular erythematous, papular hypochromic, and smooth hypochromic. Results. The histologic study revealed features that were suggestive, though not pathognomonic, of the diagnosis. The most remarkable changes involved the pilary apparatus, which showed horny plugs, spongiotic edema, and atrophic sebaceous glands. There was also a disturbance of melanization secondary to epithelial damage. The tissue reaction was more conspicuous in the skin lesions with follicular papules. Conclusions. A histopathologic diagnosis of pityriasis alba may be proposed when the following features are seen in a biopsy specimen taken from a skin lesion with follicular papules: (1) irregular pigmentation by melanin of the basal layer; (2) follicular plugging; (3) follicular spongiosis; and (4) atrophic sebaceous glands.
MICROCYSTIC ADNEXAL CARCINOMA: IN VITRO GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS AND EFFECT ON STROMAL COLLAGEN PRODUCTION
Authors: MOY RONALD L. , TAHERY DAN P. , HOWE KENNETH 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (mac) is a locally aggressive cutaneous neoplasm, which is characterized by follicular and sweat gland differentiation and a stroma of dense collagen. Methods. mac cells were studied and characterized in vitro through phase microscopy and proliferation assays. Additionally, to delineate a possible role of soluble mediators in bringing about the dense stromal collagen seen in association with these tumors, the effect of conditioned media derived from the tumor cells on the level of collagen production by normal fibroblasts was examined. Results. A significant morphologic difference between the mac cells and normal keratinocytes was not noted. Proliferation assays demonstrated a significantly slower rate of growth of the MAC cells in comparison to controls. Media conditioned by mac cells did not induce an increase in collagen synthesis by cultured fibroblasts, but rather, there appeared to be an inhibitory effect on the level of collagen synthesis. Conclusions. The increased stromal collagen seen in mac histologically is not the result of growth factors or cytokines produced by the mac cells.
SPITZ NEVUS
Authors: KO CHUNG B. , WALTON SHERNAZ , WYATT EDWARD H. , BURY HENRY P. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. The Spitz nevus is a rare form of benign nevus, which may be confused with malignant melanoma. Methods. We reviewed the clinical and histologic features of 29 cases of Spitz nevus, of which 20 were dealt with by our department of dermatology at the Hull Royal Infirmary between 1969 and 1990. The other nine cases were from the records of our pathology department dated between 1979 and 1991, of which seven of the lesions were excised by the surgeons and two by the general practitioners. Results. In all the cases, the final diagnosis was established histologically. In three cases, there were difficulties histologically in excluding the diagnosis of malignant melanoma. All the lesions were solitary, and none of the lesions recurred following excision despite the possibility of incomplete excision in some cases. Conclusions. We found the size of the lesion and the age of the patient important factors to consider in the diagnosis of Spitz nevus. The small number of cases we encountered over a period of 22 years in a department that serves a population of around 500,000 emphasises the rarity of the condition.
CLINICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND MORPHOLOGIC FEATURES OF ACNE KELOIDALIS IN A BLACK POPULATION
Authors: GEORGE ADEKUNLE O. , AKANJI ABAYOMI O. , NDUKA EBERE U. , OLASODE JOSIAH B. , ODUSAN OLATUNJI 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Acne keloidalis (AK) is an important cause of morbidity In Nigeria and accounts for 1.3% of patients with skin conditions in a Nigerian dermatology clinic. Treatment is usually unsatisfactory because the etiopathogenesis is unclear. Methods. A prospective clinico‐pathological study was carried out to identify predisposing factors, viable treatment modalities, and prognostic indicators. Results. The study suggested that AK is associated with the male gender seborrheic constitution, early reproductive years, and increased fasting blood testosterone concentration. Features that may predispose to the vastly predominant occipital location of the lesions include increased mast cell density and dilatation of dermal capillaries. Management. The main aims are diagnosis of early papules and avoidance of physical and chemical traumatizing agents. Retinoic acid analogs and antiandrogens may be helpful. Conclusions. The widespread use of irritating physical and chemical traditional treatment remedies and delay in seeking medical attention—AK is typically asymptomatic—contribute to the relatively advanced nature of the disease at the time of presentation to the specialist.
NAIL AND SKIN HYPERPIGMENTATION ASSOCIATED WITH HYDROXYUREA THERAPY FOR POLYCYTHEMIA VERA
Authors: GROPPER CHARLES A. , DON PHILIP C. , SADJADI MANIJEH M. 
Published: May 2007

A 63‐year‐old black woman presented with a complaint of nail and skin darkening for 5 months. Past medical history included polycythemia vera, hypertension, angina, and hi‐atal hernia. For several years the patient's medications had included isosorbide dinitrate, iron sulfate, propranolol, and sucralfate. The only recent new medication was hydrox‐yurea (500 mg to 1.5 g daily), which the patient had started for polycythemia vera 8 months prior to presentation. She now complained of asymptomatic hyperpigmentation of the finger and toenails, which had begun proximally and extended distally over time. She also noted increased pig‐mentation of her face, neck, arms, and buccal mucosa.Physical examination revealed pigmentary changes in all the nails. Dyschromia varied from blue‐grey to brown‐black. Three different patterns of pigmentation were noted: trans‐verse and longitudinal bands that alternated with areas of lighter discoloration (Fig. 1) and diffuse hyperpigmentation (Fig. 2). The nail plates and the proximal and lateral nail folds had a normal morphology aside from the color changes. Macular brown pigmentation was present on the patient's face, neck, lower arms, palms, and buccal mucosa (Fig. 3). The patient noted that the pigmentation in all of these areas began after the hydroxyurea was started; those areas of skin and mucosa had previously been normal. Lab‐oratory results were significant for a mild anemia, hemoglo‐bin 11.4 g/dL, and hematocrit 35.2%. The patient refused nail or skin biopsy. The patient also noted increased “hardness” of the nails, which made it difficult for her to cut them.Microscopic observation of sections prepared from nail clippings revealed a keratinjzed layer with scattered finely granular brownish pigment. Fontana Masson and Schroml's stains for melanin were positive, and Pearl's stain for iron was negative.
BLACK DOT TINEA CAPITIS IN A MAN
Authors: HAYES ANNE G. , BUNTIN DENISE M. , WIBLE LINDA O. 
Published: May 2007

A 52‐year‐old healthy man presented with scalp alopecia, which had progressed over a period of several weeks. The patient stated that he was unemployed and lived at home alone without pets. He recalled that a neighbor who routine‐ly cut his hair in her home also cut the hair of many local children, some of whom had recently had scalp ringworm.Physical examination revealed a patchy noncicatricial alopecia with numerous short hair stubs (i.e., black dots) in the frontal, parietal, and temporal areas of the scalp (Fig. 1). There was minimal scaling, but no pustulation, kerion forma‐tion, or adenopathy. Glabrous skin and nails were normal. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation of a black dot hair showed multiple arthroconidia within the hair shaft, typical of endothrix hair invasion. Fungal culture on Sabouraud's media later revealed growth consistent with Trichophyton tonsurans. In addition, a culture mount showed abundant microconidia of variable size and shape with occasional macroconidia and chlamydospores, characteristic of T. ton‐surans (Figs. 2 and 3).The patient was subsequently treated with 500 mg of griseofulvin par day for 2 months. At the completion of therapy, there was healthy regrowth of hair.
DERMATOPHYTOSIS OF CHILDREN IN KUWAIT: A PROSPECTIVE SURVEY
Authors: AL‐FOUZAN ABDULWAHAB S. , NANDA ARTI , KUBEC KAREL 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Tinea capitis in children is widely reported, whereas there have been only isolated reports on involvement of sites other than the scalp. The purpose of this study was to examine the epidemiological features and treatment responses of dermatophytosis of children in Kuwait. Methods. Epidemiological features and the treatment responses of 202 consecutive children with dermatophytosis were studied. Results. The 202 children constituted 44% of the total dermatophytic infections seen during a period of 1 year. Tinea capitis was the most commonly encountered infection (78%), followed by tinea corporis, tinea faciei, tinea cruris and manus, respectively. Microsporum canis was the most prevalent species (96%) in this region. A history of pets at home could be elicited in 52% of the cases. A familial occurrence of similar infections was seen in 56% of the patients. In patients with tinea capitis, addition of topical clotrimazole or ketoconazole to oral griseofulvin produced better therapeutic results compared to griseofulvin alone or in combination with selenium sulfide shampoo. Conclusions. Tinea capitis is the most common dermatophytic infection in children. Thirty percent of the children may have dermatophytosis at sites other than the scalp. A combination of topical clotrimazole or ketoconazole with oral griseofulvin is superior to griseofulvin alone or in combination with selenium sulfide shampoo in the treatment of tinea capitis.
EPIDERMODYSPLASIA VERRUCIEORMIS IN AFRICANS
Authors: JACYK WITOLD K. , VILLIERS E.M. DE 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is a rare cutaneous disorder characterised by persistent, refractory infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV). Although EV does not seem to have racial or geographic preference, there is a scarcity of reports on its occurrence in Africans. Methods. Twenty Africans with EV were studied, and the literature on this condition in Africans was reviewed. Virologic studies were performed on 10 patients. Results. Three types of lesions were observed: flat warts, pityriasis versicolor‐like macules, and seborrheic keratosis‐like changes. Malignant transformation occurred in only one patient, HPV–3 was isolated only from flat warts, HPV–5 and HPV–17 were isolated only from pv‐like lesions, whereas an Hpv–5‐related type was found in all three types of changes, HPV–5‐related type revealed DNA that was related but not identical to any of the viruses in the HPV–5 group. This particular type was isolated from all five South African patients with EV in whom virologic studies were performed. Conclusions. The benign nature of EV in dark‐skinned Africans has been confirmed. Four HPV types have been isolated, of which HPV‐related type was found in all South African patients with EV and in all types of skin changes, regardless of their morphology. African patients with EV frequently present seborrheic keratosis‐like changes.