bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The diagnosis of acute interstitial nephritis caused by infection versus antibiotic-induced interstitial nephritis: a narrative review
Authors: Muhammad Amir , Zhang Yingli , Huang Ling , Yuan Qiongjing , Wang Wei , Pu Jiaxi , Lin Wei , Tang Rong , Xiao Xiangcheng 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is a significant contributor to acute kidney injury and can be attributed to a variety of factors, including but not limited to allergens or drugs, infections, autoimmune or systemic diseases, and idiopathic forms of the disease. In some cases, AIN requires a therapeutic action according to a single specific etiology by handling the offending agent and applying an immunosuppressant. Although AIN can be diagnosed through renal biopsy, it is not able to pinpoint the precise cause when multiple causes are suspected to be present simultaneously. Such situations arise when a patient suffering from infection develops AIN during antibiotic therapy, the exact causative factor of which becomes a challenge for the clinicians to determine. This is attributed to the different approaches employed in different etiologies, wherein clinicians are required to maintain the current antibiotic therapy or augment the dose in cases of infection as AIN etiology, without resorting to immunosuppressant therapy as the primary objective is infection killing. In contrast, antibiotics as an etiology for AIN require an alternative drug from the antibiotics group, along with an immunosuppressant. In the interim, delaying the identification of the precise cause may result in interstitial fibrosis and chronic kidney disease. This narrative review highlights certain findings that can be typical of infection-associated ATIN compared with antibiotic-associated ATIN based on clinical history and physical examination, clinical presentation of different antibiotic drug classes, histopathological features, classical and novel biomarkers, serum and urine cytokines and chemokines, cellular biomarkers, and genetic biomarkers. Although these findings cannot provide conclusive and clear recommendations that can be useful in the clinical practice, they can entice researchers to conduct original research on these features to discover clear recommendations.
Cross-diffusion induced instability on networks
Authors: Kuehn Christian , Soresina Cinzia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The concept of Turing instability, namely that diffusion can destabilize the homogenous steady state, is well known either in the context of partial differential equations (PDEs) or in networks of dynamical systems. Recently, reaction–diffusion equations with non-linear cross-diffusion terms have been investigated, showing an analogous effect called cross-diffusion induced instability. In this article, we consider non-linear cross-diffusion effects on networks of dynamical systems, showing that also in this framework the spectrum of the graph Laplacian determines the instability appearance, as well as the spectrum of the Laplace operator in reaction–diffusion equations. We extend to network dynamics a particular network model for competing species, coming from the PDEs context, for which the non-linear cross-diffusion terms have been justified, e.g. via a fast-reaction limit. In particular, the influence of different topology structures on the cross-diffusion induced instability is highlighted, considering regular rings and lattices, and also small-world, Erdős–Réyni, and Barabási–Albert networks.
Conceptualizing evaluations of the political relevance of media texts: The Politically Relevant Media Model
Authors: Coles Stewart M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Prior research acknowledges the potential implications of how media users evaluate media texts as being relevant to politics. Yet there are limitations to existing operationalizations of these evaluations due to how people use the words “politics” and “political.” What first appears as a measurement issue instead reveals a deficiency in the conceptualization of the evaluation being measured, as well as that evaluation’s relationships with its antecedents and consequences. This article fuses work from disparate fields such as political theory, media studies, media effects, and political communication to offer a multidimensional conceptualization of evaluations of the political relevance of media texts. It introduces the Politically Relevant Media Model (PRMM) connecting these evaluations to their text and user characteristic antecedents, as well as their cognitive, affective, and behavioral outcomes. Implications for various phenomena such as agenda setting, learning, selective exposure, message processing, narrative persuasion, reinforcing media spirals, and political polarization are discussed.
An ultrasound-based histogram analysis model for prediction of tumour stroma ratio in pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary gland
Authors: Su Huan-Zhong , Wu Yu-Hui , Hong Long-Cheng , Yu Kun , Huang Mei , Su Yi-Ming , Zhang Feng , Zhang Zuo-Bing , Zhang Xiao-Dong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Preoperative identification of different stromal subtypes of pleomorphic adenoma (PA) of the salivary gland is crucial for making treatment decisions. We aimed to develop and validate a model based on histogram analysis (HA) of ultrasound (US) images for predicting tumour stroma ratio (TSR) in salivary gland PA.

Methods
A total of 219 PA patients were divided into low-TSR (stroma-low) and high-TSR (stroma-high) groups and enrolled in a training cohort (n = 151) and a validation cohort (n = 68). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression algorithm was used to screen the most optimal clinical, US, and HA features. The selected features were entered into multivariable logistic regression analyses for further selection of independent predictors. Different models, including the nomogram model, the clinic-US (Clin + US) model, and the HA model, were built based on independent predictors using logistic regression. The performance levels of the models were evaluated and validated on the training and validation cohorts.

Results
Lesion size, shape, cystic areas, vascularity, HA_mean, and HA_skewness were identified as independent predictors for constructing the nomogram model. The nomogram model incorporating the clinical, US, and HA features achieved areas under the curve of 0.839 and 0.852 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively, demonstrating good predictive performance and calibration. Decision curve analysis and clinical impact curves further confirmed its clinical usefulness.

Conclusions
The nomogram model we developed offers a practical tool for preoperative TSR prediction in PA, potentially enhancing clinical decision-making.
What to Blame? Self-Serving Attribution Bias with Multi-Dimensional Uncertainty
Authors: Coutts Alexander , Gerhards Leonie , Murad Zahra 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
People often receive feedback influenced by external factors, yet little is known about how this affects self-serving biases. Our theoretical model explores how multi-dimensional uncertainty allows additional degrees of freedom for self-serving bias. In our primary experiment, feedback combining an individual’s ability and a teammate’s ability leads to biased belief updating. However, in a follow-up experiment with a random fundamental replacing the teammate, unbiased updating occurs. A validation experiment shows that belief distortion is greater when outcomes originate from human actions. Overall, our experiments highlight how multi-dimensional environments can enable self-serving biases.
Validation of the 9th edition of the TNM staging system for non-small cell lung cancer with lobectomy in stage IA–IIIA
Authors: Wang Rang-Rang , Li Ming-Jun , Peng Qiao , Huang Zhi-Ye , Wu Lei-Lei , Xie Dong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The 9th edition of tumour–node–metastasis (TNM) staging for lung cancer was announced by Prof Hisao Asamura at the 2023 World Conference on Lung Cancer in Singapore. The purpose of this study was to externally validate and compare the latest staging of lung cancer.

METHODS
We collected 19 193 patients with stage IA–IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent lobectomy from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. Survival analysis by TNM stages was compared using the Kaplan–Meier method and further analysed using univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess model accuracy, Akaike information criterion, Bayesian information criterion and consistency index were used to compare the prognostic, predictive ability between the current 8th and 9th edition TNM classification.

RESULTS
The 9th edition of the TNM staging system can better distinguish between IB and IIA patients on the survival curve (P &lt; 0.0001). In both univariable and multivariable regression analysis, the 9th edition of the TNM staging system can differentiate any 2 adjacent staging patients more evenly than the 8th edition. The 9th and the 8th edition TNM staging have similar predictive power and accuracy for the overall survival of patients with NSCLC [TNM 9th vs 8th, area under the curve: 62.4 vs 62.3; Akaike information criterion: 166 182.1 vs 166 131.6; Bayesian information criterion: 166 324.3 vs 166 273.8 and consistency index: 0.650 (0.003) vs 0.651(0.003)].

CONCLUSIONS
Our external validation demonstrates that the 9th edition of TNM staging for NSCLC is reasonable and valid. The 9th edition of TNM staging for NSCLC has near-identical prognostic accuracy to the 8th edition.
Transcatheter treatment of the tricuspid valve: current status and perspectives
Authors: Maisano Francesco , Hahn Rebecca , Sorajja Paul , Praz Fabien , Lurz Philipp 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Transcatheter tricuspid valve interventions (TTVI) are emerging as alternatives to surgery in high-risk patients with isolated or concomitant tricuspid regurgitation. The development of new minimally invasive solutions potentially more adapted to this largely undertreated population of patients, has fuelled the interest for the tricuspid valve. Growing evidence and new concepts have contributed to revise obsolete and misleading perceptions around the right side of the heart. New definitions, classifications, and a better understanding of the disease pathophysiology and phenotypes, as well as their associated patient journeys have profoundly and durably changed the landscape of tricuspid disease. A number of registries and a recent randomized controlled pivotal trial provide preliminary guidance for decision-making. TTVI seem to be very safe and effective in selected patients, although clinical benefits beyond improved quality of life remain to be demonstrated. Even if more efforts are needed, increased disease awareness is gaining momentum in the community and supports the establishment of dedicated expert valve centres. This review is summarizing the achievements in the field and provides perspectives for a less invasive management of a no-more-forgotten disease.
Leadless pacemakers at 5-year follow-up: the Micra transcatheter pacing system post-approval registry
Authors: El-Chami Mikhael F , Garweg Christophe , Clementy Nicolas , Al-Samadi Faisal , Iacopino Saverio , Martinez-Sande Jose Luis , Roberts Paul R , Tondo Claudio , Johansen Jens Brock , Vinolas-Prat Xavier , Cha Yong-Mei , Grubman Eric , Bordachar Pierre , Stromberg Kurt , Fagan Dedra H , Piccini Jonathan P 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Prior reports have demonstrated a favourable safety and efficacy profile of the Micra leadless pacemaker over mid-term follow-up; however, long-term outcomes in real-world clinical practice remain unknown. Updated performance of the Micra VR leadless pacemaker through five years from the worldwide post-approval registry (PAR) was assessed.

Methods
All Micra PAR patients undergoing implant attempts were included. Endpoints included system- or procedure-related major complications and system revision rate for any cause through 60 months post-implant. Rates were compared through 36 months post-implant to a reference dataset of 2667 transvenous pacemaker patients using Fine–Gray competing risk models.

Results
1809 patients were enrolled between July 2015 and March 2018 and underwent implant attempts from 179 centres in 23 countries with a median follow-up period of 51.1 months (IQR: 21.6–64.2). The major complication rate at 60 months was 4.5% [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.6%–5.5%] and was 4.1% at 36 months, which was significantly lower than the 8.5% rate observed for transvenous systems (HR: .47, 95% CI: .36–.61; P &lt; .001). The all-cause system revision rate at 60 months was 4.9% (95% CI: 3.9%–6.1%). System revisions among Micra patients were mostly for device upgrades (41.2%) or elevated thresholds (30.6%). There were no Micra removals due to infection noted over the duration of follow-up. At 36 months, the system revision rate was significantly lower with Micra vs. transvenous systems (3.2% vs. 6.6%, P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Long-term outcomes with the Micra leadless pacemaker continue to demonstrate low rates of major complications and system revisions and an extremely low incidence of infection.
Rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular complications during delivery: a United States inpatient analysis
Authors: Zahid Salman , Mohamed Mohamed S , Rajendran Aardra , Minhas Anum S , Khan Muhammad Zia , Nazir Noreen T , Ocon Anthony J , Weber Brittany N , Isiadinso Ijeoma , Michos Erin D 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Persons with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased risk of obstetric-associated complications, as well as long-term cardiovascular (CV) risk. Hence, the aim was to evaluate the association of RA with acute CV complications during delivery admissions.

Methods
Data from the National Inpatient Sample (2004–2019) were queried utilizing ICD-9 or ICD-10 codes to identify delivery hospitalizations and a diagnosis of RA.

Results
A total of 12 789 722 delivery hospitalizations were identified, of which 0.1% were among persons with RA (n = 11 979). Individuals with RA, vs. those without, were older (median 31 vs. 28 years, P &lt; .01) and had a higher prevalence of chronic hypertension, chronic diabetes, gestational diabetes mellitus, obesity, and dyslipidaemia (P &lt; .01). After adjustment for age, race/ethnicity, comorbidities, insurance, and income, RA remained an independent risk factor for peripartum CV complications including preeclampsia [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.37 (95% confidence interval 1.27–1.47)], peripartum cardiomyopathy [aOR 2.10 (1.11–3.99)], and arrhythmias [aOR 2.00 (1.68–2.38)] compared with no RA. Likewise, the risk of acute kidney injury and venous thromboembolism was higher with RA. An overall increasing trend of obesity, gestational diabetes mellitus, and acute CV complications was also observed among individuals with RA from 2004–2019. For resource utilization, length of stay and cost of hospitalization were higher for deliveries among persons with RA.

Conclusions
Pregnant persons with RA had higher risk of preeclampsia, peripartum cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, acute kidney injury, and venous thromboembolism during delivery hospitalizations. Furthermore, cardiometabolic risk factors among pregnant individuals with RA rose over this 15-year period.
Influencing factors on the psychosomatic health of medical staff since the normalized stage of COVID-19 in mainland China
Authors: Jiao Xing-ai , Bai Run-ai , Li Na , Liu Kao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there were under-recognized and unaddressed psychosomatic health problems among medical staff. The purpose of this study was to investigate their psychosomatic status.

Methods
An online questionnaire was performed to the medical staff of major hospitals in Jinan in January 2023. In total, 1244 valid questionnaires were collected, and their psychosomatic status was assessed by the Psychosomatic Symptom Scale (PSSS) and Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10). Finally, we analyzed the influencing factors for their psychosomatic status.

Results
The psychological health of the medical staff was poor, and the level of stress perception was intense, accompanied by obvious psychosomatic symptoms. Regression analysis indicated that age, gender, frontline involvement, work experience, marriage, presence of disease history and COVID-19 infection history were risk factors for psychosomatic symptoms, while education, frontline involvement and presence of disease history were risk factors for stress feeling.

Conclusion
Medical staff often showed obvious psychosomatic symptoms and intense stress. Psychological health education and intervention should be given in order to improve their working quality.
Assembly and analysis of the genome of Notholithocarpus densiflorus
Authors: Cai Ying , Anderson Ellis , Xue Wen , Wong Sylvia , Cui Luman , Cheng Xiaofang , Wang Ou , Mao Qing , Liu Sophie Jia , Davis John T , Magalang Paulo R , Schmidt Douglas , Kasuga Takao , Garbelotto Matteo , Drmanac Radoje , Kua Chai-Shian , Cannon Charles , Maloof Julin N , Peters Brock A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Tanoak (Notholithocarpus densiflorus) is an evergreen tree in the Fagaceae family found in California and southern Oregon. Historically, tanoak acorns were an important food source for Native American tribes, and the bark was used extensively in the leather tanning process. Long considered a disjunct relictual element of the Asian stone oaks (Lithocarpus spp.), phylogenetic analysis has determined that the tanoak is an example of convergent evolution. Tanoaks are deeply divergent from oaks (Quercus) of the Pacific Northwest and comprise a new genus with a single species. These trees are highly susceptible to “sudden oak death” (SOD), a plant pathogen (Phytophthora ramorum) that has caused widespread deaths of tanoaks. In this study, we set out to assemble the genome and perform comparative studies among a number of individuals that demonstrated varying levels of susceptibility to SOD. First, we sequenced and de novo assembled a draft reference genome of N. densiflorus using cobarcoded library processing methods and an MGI DNBSEQ-G400 sequencer. To increase the contiguity of the final assembly, we also sequenced Oxford Nanopore long reads to 30× coverage. To our knowledge, the draft genome reported here is one of the more contiguous and complete genomes of a tree species published to date, with a contig N50 of ∼1.2 Mb, a scaffold N50 of ∼2.1 Mb, and a complete gene score of 95.5% through BUSCO analysis. In addition, we sequenced 11 genetically distinct individuals and mapped these onto the draft reference genome, enabling the discovery of almost 25 million single nucleotide polymorphisms and ∼4.4 million small insertions and deletions. Finally, using cobarcoded data, we were able to generate a complete haplotype coverage of all 11 genomes.
Resolving a ramp-flat structure from combined analysis of co- and post-seismic geodetic data: an example of the 2015 Pishan Mw 6.5 earthquake
Authors: Zhao Xiong , Wen Yangmao , Xu Caijun , He Kefeng , Dahm Torsten 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARY
Previous studies have shown that it is difficult to determine whether the 2015 Pishan earthquake occurred on a uniform fault or a ramp-flat fault with variable dip angles due to the similar goodness of data fit to coseismic and afterslip models on these two fault models. Here, we first present the InSAR deformation obtained from both ascending and descending orbits, covering the coseismic period and cumulative 5-yr period after the 2015 Pishan earthquake. We then determine the preferred fault geometry by the spatial distributions between the positive Coulomb failure stress change triggered by main shock and the afterslip. Based on the preferred fault model, we finally use a combined model to determine the contributions of elastic and viscoelastic deformation in the post-seismic deformation. We find that the Pishan earthquake prefers to occur on a ramp-flat fault, and the coseismic slip is mainly distributed at a depth of 9–13 km, with a maximum slip of about 1.3 m. The post-seismic deformation is primarily governed by afterslip, as the poroelastic rebound-induced deformation fails to account for the observed post-seismic deformation and the contributions from the viscoelastic relaxation mechanism can be considered negligible in the combined model. Moreover, the modelled stress-driven afterslip and observed kinematic afterslip have good consistency, and the difference between the root mean square error of the two afterslip models is only 4.3 mm. The results from the afterslip model indicate that both of the updip and downdip directions distribute the afterslip, and slip in the updip direction is greater than that of the downdip direction. Meanwhile, the maximum cumulative afterslip after 5 yr is approximately 0.26 m which is equivalent to a released seismic moment of a Mw 6.47.
Feasibility and Acceptability of Digital Behavioral Interventions Among Black and Hispanic Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Randomized Pilot Study
Authors: Greywoode Ruby , Nahvi Shadi , Ullman Thomas , Keefer Laurie 
Published: March 2024

Lay Summary
The use of digital behavioral interventions was tested among patients with inflammatory bowel disease with a predominately low-income, Black/Hispanic background who had elevated symptoms of anxiety/depression. Both mood-tracking and cognitive behavioral self-management applications were feasible and acceptable to use, with opportunities for improvement identified.
Cheap Versus Deep Manipulation: The Effects of Cheapfakes Versus Deepfakes in a Political Setting
Authors: Hameleers Michael 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Visual disinformation has been regarded as convincing because it strongly resembles reality. Yet, we lack a clear understanding of the effects of different forms of audiovisual disinformation—cheapfakes versus deepfakes. To advance the disinformation literature, this paper reports on the findings of two experiments in which participants were exposed to political cheapfakes and deepfakes, respectively. Our main findings indicate that audiovisual disinformation is not perceived as more credible or believable than the same disinformation in textual format. Importantly, deepfakes are perceived as less credible than cheapfakes with a similar de-legitimizing anti-immigration narrative. Although more research is needed, our findings suggest that less sophisticated modes of deception can be at least as credible as more sophisticated forms of artificial intelligence-driven audiovisual fabrication.