bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Soft Sensor of Stacking Approximate Kernel- Based Broad Learning System for Batch Process
Authors: Zhao Jinlong , Yang Mingyi , Xu Zhigang , Wang Junyi , Yang Xiao , Wu Xinguang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
To deal with the highly nonlinear and time-varying characteristics of batch process, a model named Moving Window Stacking Approximate Kernel-Based Broad Learning System (MW-Stacking-AKBLS) is proposed in this paper. This model innovatively introduces the AKBLS algorithm and the MW-Stacking framework, giving it strong nonlinear fitting ability, excellent generalization ability, and adaptive ability. The Broad Learning System (BLS) is known for its shorter training time for effective nonlinear processing, but the uncertainty brought by its double random mapping results in poor resistance to noisy data and unpredictable impact on performance. To address this issue, this paper proposes an AKBLS algorithm that reduces uncertainty, eliminates redundant features, and improves prediction accuracy by projecting feature nodes into the kernel space. It also significantly reduces the computation time of the kernel matrix by searching for approximate kernels to enhance its ability in industrial online applications. Extensive comparative experiments on various public datasets of different sizes validate this. The MW-Stacking framework adopts the Stacking ensemble learning method, integrating multiple ABKLS models to enhance the model's generalization ability. Additionally, by adopting the moving window method, the model has been equipped with adaptive ability to better adapt to slow changes in industrial batch process. Finally, comparative experimental results on a substantial dataset of penicillin simulations indicate a significant improvement in predictive accuracy for the proposed MW-Stacking AKBLS model compared to other commonly used algorithms.
Comprehensive expression analysis of ERF transcription factors during chilling acclimation in Saintpaulia
Authors: Kurata Daichi , Fukutomi Kento , Kubo Kanae , Shirasawa Kenta , Hirakawa Hideki , Hosokawa Munetaka 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Saintpaulia (Saintpaulia ionantha), a popular indoor ornamental potted plant, is native to the highlands of Kenya and Tanzania where temperatures rarely fall below 4°C. Chilling injury caused during cultivation and transportation is a major commercial problem in Saintpaulia. In this study, we investigated chilling acclimation in Saintpaulia ‘Kilauea’. Plants grown at 20°C (14 h light/10 h dark) displayed rapid and severe chilling injury after 24-hour exposure to 4°C. However, chilling injury at 4°C could be dramatically reduced by pre-treating the plants at 10°C but not at 6°C. From whole genome analysis, 161 Ethylene-Responsive Factors (ERFs) were identified and classified into 12 clades according to existing reports. Among these ERFs, 43, 8, and 4 ERFs were upregulated at 12, 24, and 48 h after 10°C treatment, respectively. Most of these ERFs had GCC box and/or DRE/CRT core motifs-like sequences in their upstream regions. Finally, we compared the expression of ERFs between the treatments for 24 h at 10°C, an effective temperature for chilling acclimation, and at 6°C, an ineffective temperature. The results showed that the expressions of all six ERFs we investigated were increased by the 10°C treatment, but not or only barely increased by the 6°C treatment. This study suggests that Saintpaulia, a subtropical plant, also has the ability to acclimate to low temperatures and that ERF upregulation is involved in chilling acclimation.
Finite-time hybrid motion/deformation terminal control for rigid/compliant systems using acceleration-based quadratic objective function
Authors: Li Honghao , Wang Ziang , Wang Xiaoming , Tan Shujun , Zhou Wenya 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Nowadays, new concepts of active compliant structures employing smart materials are receiving increasing attention to design high-precision lightweight mechanisms, however, bring a new challenge to deformation control system design, especially considering the coupling with rigid motion control. An important issue for such a rigid/compliant system is to realize a fast, smooth hybrid motion/deformation control effect with minimized structural vibration in a given time interval. A rotating compliant manipulator actuated by an electric motor and distributed piezocomposite patches is utilized for investigation towards motion/deformation control. Open-loop simulations imply that structural vibration can be excited by both rigid motion control and deformation control. A finite-time terminal control design approach is developed using a new quadratic objective function which is formulated by (generalized) acceleration, instead of the state (composed of generalized displacement and velocity) and input of the system in regular formulation, to improve the terminal control effect without sharp change in the input profiles. The time-varying control law is obtained by solving a set of DREs. Pure and hybrid motion/deformation control with conventional and new objective functions are presented and discussed. The results imply that more smooth dynamic responses for hybrid motion/deformation control performance with minimized residual vibration can be obtained by using the new acceleration-based objective function, while the state and input at the terminal point are the approximate analytical steady-state. The new objective function also has unique merit in that the associated weighting matrix can be intuitively chosen with better robustness. Hybrid objective functions with a combination of the conventional and new acceleration-based terms can be employed to obtain favorable comprehensive control performance and bring a wider margin for the designers.
Machine Learning Analysis of Biomarkers and Infectious Sites in Elderly Sepsis: Distinguishing Escherichia coli from Non-Escherichia coli Infections with a Random Forest Model
Authors: Li Bu-Ren , Zhuo Ying , Zhang Shi-Yan , Jiang Ying-Ying 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study examines the challenge of accurately diagnosing sepsis subtypes in elderly patients, focusing on distinguishing between Escherichia coli and non-E. coli infections. Utilizing machine learning, we conducted a retrospective analysis of 119 elderly sepsis patients, employing a Random Forest model to evaluate clinical biomarkers and infection sites. The model demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy, with an overall accuracy of 87.5%, and impressive precision and recall rates of 93.3% and 87.5%, respectively. It identified infection site, Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), platelet count, and Procalcitonin (PCT) levels as key predictors, while logistic regression underscored the significance of smoking. Achieving an F1 Score of 90.3% and an ROC AUC of 88.0%, our model effectively differentiates between sepsis subtypes. This methodology offers potential for enhancing elderly sepsis diagnosis, improving patient outcomes, and contributing to the advancement of precision medicine in the field of infectious diseases.
Uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and osteoporosis: evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Liu Zeyu , Tang Yuchen , Sun Ying , Lei Miao , Cheng Minghuang , Pan Xiaohan , Hu Zhenming , Hao Jie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: Uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) was a novel indicator reflecting inflammatory and metabolic status. This study aimed to investigate the association between UHR and bone mineral density (BMD), as well as the risk of osteoporosis, in individuals aged 50 years and above.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included participants aged 50 and older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was employed to measure femoral neck BMD (FN-BMD). Furthermore, linear regression models were employed to examine the association between UHR and FN-BMD, while generalized additive models were used to assess the nonlinear relationship between UHR and FN-BMD. In addition, logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the association between UHR and the risk of osteoporosis.
Results: Finally, 2,963 adults were included in this study, with a mean age of 64.16 ± 8.92 years. The results of linear regression models revealed a positive association between UHR and FN-BMD with or without adjustment for covariates. Furthermore, the results of logistic regression models suggested that elevated UHR levels were associated with a decreased risk of osteoporosis with or without adjustment for covariates. Moreover, the results of subgroup analysis showed that the positive association between UHR and BMD was observed among individuals aged 65 and older but not those aged 50 to 64 after stratification by age, and interaction analyses for age showed significant differences after adjustment for all covariates.
Conclusions: Clinicians should be alert to the potential risk of osteoporosis among individuals with low UHR levels. UHR might serve as a risk indicator for osteoporosis.
An ensemble method utilising multiple thinking styles that boosts the wisdom of the inner crowd effect
Authors: Fujisaki Itsuki , Yu Lingxi , Tsukamura Yuki , Yang Kunhao , Ueda Kazuhiro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that individuals can utilize the wisdom of crowds, known as ‘the wisdom of the inner crowd’. This requires them to estimate a single question multiple times, and subsequently average these estimates. Although several methods have been proposed to achieve more accurate estimates, its efficacy remains relatively low. Therefore, this study proposes a method that assembles multiple independent methods to stimulate the wisdom of the inner crowd effect. Particularly, our method instructs participants to provide estimates five times. Through a behavioural experiment, we confirmed that our method can produce the wisdom of the inner crowd effect. Moreover, we found that our method produced more accurate estimates than a method that required participants to estimate five times without specific instructions. Furthermore, mathematical modelling demonstrated that the effectiveness of our method was greater than that of 1.5 persons. In sum, this study proposes a method to improve daily estimates.
Characterization of an efficient waste fat hydrolysing and detergent compactible lipase from newly isolated Pseudomonas mosselii
Authors: Sriniva Mohana Priya , Anandan Dayanandan , Chandrasekar Ajith , Suresh Nandha Kumar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Lipase enzyme plays a major role in several industrial processes. The effective production of lipase enzyme from microorganism in a cost-effective manner is in great demand in the current scenario. This study has aimed in producing an effective and high active stable lipase enzyme from Pseudomonas mosselii isolated from the highly polluted cooum river bed soil, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. The enzyme showed the high specific activity of 157.94 U/mg. Further optimization studies which include, pH (6.5-7) 110.298 U/ml, temperature (35°C – 40°C) 112.388 U/ml, incubation time (36 hrs) 119.79 U/ml, effective substrate olive oil (1%) 118.05 U/ml and nitrogen source (Peptone 1.5% (w/v)), 150.74 U/ml enhanced the parameters to be considered for the high production of lipase enzyme. The purification process carried out in this study was ammonium sulphate precipitation, dialysis and column chromatography using Sephadex G-100 as a stationary phase. The characterization studies of partially purified lipase enzymes with parameters enhanced the stability study as follows: pH (6–8), temperature (30°C to 50°C), metal ions (Ca2+) and detergent (Tween 80). The hydrolysis of the waste tallow using the produced lipase showed highest reaction ratio of 83.7% after 72 hrs at 50°C, 82.6% at 40°C and 81.2% at 30°C. The detergent compatible test confirmed that the lipase was compactible with the detergent and the stains were removed efficiently. Thus, this lipase may effectively serve as the feedstock for biodiesel production and as a detergent compactible application.
Sequence and Structural Analysis of human gut microbial Prolyl Oligopeptidases (POPs): towards design of therapeutics for Celiac Disease
Authors: Nayak Soumya , Regati Dheemanth Reddy , Sowdhamini Ramanathan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Celiac Disease (CD) is a common autoimmune disorder where the patients are unable to digest gluten, which is present in foods made up of wheat, barley and rye. Whilst diagnosis happens late in 80% of the cases, avoidance of such foods appears to be the common solution. Alternative management strategies are required for the patients and their families since CD is also genetically carried over. Probiotic solutions and the consumption of appropriate enzymes, such as prolyloligopeptidases (POPs), from gut-friendly bacteria could reduce the disease burden and provide a better lifestyle for CD patients.
Results
We have examined around 5,000 gut bacterial genomes and identified nearly 4000 non-redundant putative POPs. A select set of 10 gut bacterial POP sequences were subject to three-dimensional modelling, ligand docking and molecular dynamics simulations where stable interactions were observed between the POPs and gluten peptides.
Conclusions
Our study provides sequence and structural analysis of potential POP enzymes in gut bacterial genomes, which form a strong basis to offer probiotic solutions to CD patients. In particular, these enzymes could be lead future therapeutics for this disease.
Polypharmacy in elective lumbar spinal surgery for degenerative conditions: A MarketScan national database analysis with 24-month follow-up
Authors: Dietz Nicholas , Kumar Chitra , Elsamadicy Aladine A. , Bjurström Martin F. , Wong Katrina , Jamieson Alysha , Sharma Mayur , Wang Dengzhi , Ugiliweneza Beatrice , Drazin Doniel , Boakye Maxwell 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

We sought to identify long-term associations of medical complications and healthcare utilization related to polypharmacy following spinal surgery for degenerative lumbar pathology. The IBM MarketScan dataset was used to select patients who underwent spinal surgery for degenerative lumbar pathology with 2-year follow-up. Regression analysis compared two matched cohorts: those with and without polypharmacy. Of 118,434 surgical patients, 68.1% met criteria for polypharmacy. In the first 30 days after discharge, surgical site infection was observed in 6% of those with polypharmacy and 4% of those without polypharmacy (p<0.0001) and at least one complication was observed in 24% for the polypharmacy group and 17% for the non-polypharmacy group (p<0.0001). At 24 months, patients with polypharmacy were more likely to be diagnosed with pneumonia (48% vs. 37%), urinary tract infection (26% vs. 19%), and surgical site infection (12% vs. 7%), (p<0.0001). The most commonly prescribed medication was hydrocodone (60% of patients) and more than 95% received opioids. Two years postoperatively, the polypharmacy group had tripled overall healthcare utilization payments ($30,288 vs. $9,514), (p<0.0001). Patients taking 5 or more medications concurrently after spinal surgery for degenerative lumbar conditions were more likely to develop medical complications, higher costs, and return to the emergency department.
Different protein sources of larval diet on the rearing of Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae): biological and nutritional analyses
Authors: Ongaratto Sabrina , Pinto Karina , Manica-Berto Roberta , Gonçalves Rafael da Silva , Nörnberg Sandro Daniel , Nava Dori Edson , Bernardi Daniel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) is considered an important pest in Neotropical countries. The laboratory rearing of this species should reproduce conditions in nature; thus, special attention is required to the nutritional quality of diets for larval development. Protein components (wheat germ) are costly and account for most production costs in lab insect rearing. In this sense, this work aimed to identify ingredients to replace wheat germ, without compromising diet quality for the lab rearing of A. fraterculus. We tested diets composed of whole rice flour, corn flour, and a mixture of whole wheat flour + soybean flour as substitutes for wheat germ as well as a raw wheat germ diet, considered as the control. The protein sources used in the larval diet influenced the biological performance of both the larval and adult stages of A. fraterculus during six generations. The diet containing corn flour and wheat germ showed similar results in the different developmental parameters. The diet with rice flour also provided adequate biological development for A. fraterculus throughout its life cycle and was nutritionally similar to the control. As it is local product, rice flour can replace wheat germ (costly imported product) in artificial diets for A. fraterculus, reducing production costs by roughly 30% without compromising the biological and nutritional parameters of the insects. Our findings provide basis to improve mass rearing of A. fraterculus for the biological control as parasitoids and in the sterile insect technique, sustainable management strategies currently implemented in the management of A. fraterculus.
Rate of Torque Development of Trunk Muscles in Women With Different Training Backgrounds
Authors: Bertochi Mário Osvaldo , Carlos Lucas Caetano , Lima Leonardo Coelho Rabello , Barreto Renan Vieira , Gonçalves Mauro , Cardozo Adalgiso Coscrato 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Healthy individuals should exercise their trunk muscles at least twice a week to improve spinal stability and maintain mobility. Pilates and CrossFit are the recommended practices for this purpose. Traditional resistance training programs use strengthening exercises, including core muscles.
OBJECTIVES: To compare the DTR of the trunk extensors and flexors of healthy individuals who practice training modalities with different movement patterns during trunk exercises such as Pilates, CrossFit and traditional resistance training.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-two volunteers aged 23.72 ± 3.4 years participated in the study and were allocated to one of four groups based on their training experience: Pilates, CrossFit. Participants included in the trained groups must have a history of practicing their respective modalities. Participants included in the CON group should not have exercised regularly in the last six months. Normality, homogeneity and sphericity tests were used. rate of torque development (RTD) and Isometric peak torque (IPT) values were compared between groups using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-hoc tests. A significance level of p < 0.05 was adopted.
RESULTS: No significant differences were found in age and body mass. Women with experience in CrossFit training have significantly greater IPT and RTD of trunk during isometric extension and flexion. Trunk flexion IPT was also significantly higher for participants who practiced CrossFit. RTD for trunk extension and flexion was not different between participants with experience in Pilates, traditional resistance training and those without experience with physical training. Furthermore, the CF group presented significantly higher RTD values in all time intervals analyzed.
CONCLUSION: The results obtained confirm that women who practice CrossFit training benefit from a greater capacity for rapid force production with the trunk flexors and extensors. Regular CrossFit practice results in superior RTD when compared to traditional resistance training, Pilates and a sedentary lifestyle in women. Maximum trunk strength is also greater for women who practice CrossFit.
Mechanistic Prediction and validation of Brevilin A Therapeutic Effects in Lung Cancer
Authors: Wang Ruixue , Gao Cuiyun , Yu Meng , Song Jialing , Feng Zhenzhen , Wang Ruyu , Pan Huafeng , Liu Haimeng , Li Wei , Fan Xiangzhen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has found widespread application in neoplasm treatment, yielding promising therapeutic candidates. Previous studies have revealed the anti-cancer properties of Brevilin A, a naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone derived from Centipeda minima (L.) A.Br. (C. minima), a TCM herb, specifically against lung cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms of its effects remain elusive. This study employs network pharmacology and experimental analyses to unravel the molecular mechanisms of Brevilin A in lung cancer.
Methods
The Batman-TCM, Swiss Target Prediction, Pharmmapper, SuperPred, and BindingDB databases were screened to identify Brevilin A targets. Lung cancer-related targets were sourced from GEO, Genecards, OMIM, TTD, and Drugbank databases. Utilizing Cytoscape software, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and gene-pathway correlation analysis were conducted using R software. To validate network pharmacology results, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and in vitro experiments were performed.
Results
We identified 599 Brevilin A-associated targets and 3864 lung cancer-related targets, with 155 overlapping genes considered as candidate targets for Brevilin A against lung cancer. The PPI network highlighted STAT3, TNF, HIF1A, PTEN, ESR1, and MTOR as potential therapeutic targets. GO and KEGG analyses revealed 2893 enriched GO terms and 157 enriched KEGG pathways, including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, and HIF-1 signaling pathway. GSEA demonstrated a close association between hub genes and lung cancer. Gene-pathway correlation analysis indicated significant associations between hub genes and the cellular response to hypoxia pathway. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations confirmed Brevilin A's interaction with PTEN and HIF1A, respectively. In vitro experiments demonstrated Brevilin A-induced dose- and time-dependent cell death in A549 cells. Notably, Brevilin A treatment significantly reduced HIF-1α mRNA expression while increasing PTEN mRNA levels.
Conclusions
This study elucidates the intricate molecular mechanisms responsible for the therapeutic effects of Brevilin A on lung cancer, providing a molecular foundation for future exploration of Brevilin A's therapeutic potential.
Pediatric anti-CaVα2δ Autoimmune Encephalitis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Min , Zhu Xiaomei , Yu Lifei , Fang Zhixu , Wang Yi , Zhang Linmei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background：Anti voltage-gated calcium channel alpha-2/delta subunit (anti-CaVα2δ) encephalitis is a rare autoimmune encephalitis which was first reported in 2021. Up to now, only 2 cases of anti-CaVα2δ AE have been reported in the previous literature. The clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of this rare AE need broadened.
Case presentation: This is a detailed report of a 9-year-old female, who initially presented with fever and lymphadenitis, which progressed to headaches, drowsiness, frequent seizures, cognitive impairment, memory loss, psychosis, and involuntary movements. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed lesions in the bilateral external capsule. Positive anti-CaVα2δ antibodies (1:30) using transfected cell-based assays were also revealed 3 weeks and 5 weeks after symptom onset. Video electroencephalography further showed severely diffused, slow background activity with multifocal epileptiform discharges. Although the patient was started on combined immunotherapy consisting intravenous immunoglobulin, intravenous methylprednisolone, and rituximab, neurological sequelae, including seizures, cognitive dysfunction, and dyskinesia, were recorded on her latest follow-up (Modified Rankin Scale score of 4). For further discussion of this condition, summaries of two other anti-CaVα2δ AE cases were also provided.
Conclusions：Herein, we reported a paediatric case of anti-CaVα2δ AE, with comparisons to two previously reported cases. These reports broaden the clinical phenotype and prognosis of this rare condition, providing further information and clinical experience for the management of future cases.