bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An educational campaign to increase chiropractic intern advising roles on patient smoking cessation
Authors: Evans Jr Marion W , Hawk Cheryl , Strasser Sheryl M 
Published: October 2006

Abstract

Background

Tobacco use, particularly smoking, is the most preventable cause of death in the United States. More than 400,000 premature deaths are associated with its use and the health care costs are in the billions. All health care provider groups should be concerned with patients who continue to smoke and use tobacco. The US Preventive Services Taskforce and Health People 2010 guidelines encourage providers to counsel smokers on cessation. Current studies, though limited regarding chiropractic advising practices indicate a low engagement rate when it comes to providing cessation information.

Objective

To test a campaign regarding initial impact aimed at increasing chiropractic interns advising on cessation and delivery of information to smokers on cessation.

Discussion

Chiropractic interns do engage patients on smoking status and can be encouraged to provide more cessation messages and information to patients. The initial impact assessment of this campaign increased the provision of information to patients by about 25%. The prevalence of smoking among chiropractic patients, particularly at teaching clinics may be lower than the national averages.

Conclusion

Chiropractic interns can and should be encouraged to advise smokers about cessation. A systematic method of intake information on smoking status is needed and a standardized education protocol for chiropractic colleges is needed. Chiropractic colleges should assess the adequacy of their advising roles and implement changes to increase cessation messages to their patients as soon as possible.
Factors associated with breastfeeding at six months postpartum in a group of Australian women
Authors: Forster Della A , McLachlan Helen L , Lumley Judith 
Published: October 2006

Abstract

Background
Despite high levels of breastfeeding initiation in Australia, only 47 percent of women are breastfeeding (exclusively or partially) six months later, with marked differences between social groups. It is important to identify women who are at increased risk of early cessation of breastfeeding.

Methods
Data from the three arms of a randomised controlled trial were pooled and analysed as a cohort using logistic regression to identify which factors predicted women continuing to feed any breast milk at six months postpartum. The original trial included 981 primiparous women attending a public, tertiary, women's hospital in Melbourne, Australia in 1999–2001. The trial evaluated the effect of two mid-pregnancy educational interventions on breastfeeding initiation and duration. In the 889 women with six month outcomes available, neither intervention increased breastfeeding initiation nor duration compared to standard care. Independent variables were included in the predictive model based on the literature and discussion with peers and were each tested individually against the dependent variable (any breastfeeding at six months).

Results
Thirty-three independent variables of interest were identified, of which 25 qualified for inclusion in the preliminary regression model; 764 observations had complete data available. Factors remaining in the final model that were positively associated with breastfeeding any breast milk at six months were: a very strong desire to breastfeed; having been breastfed oneself as a baby; being born in an Asian country; and older maternal age. There was an increasing association with increasing age. Factors negatively associated with feeding any breast milk at six months were: a woman having no intention to breastfeed six months or more; smoking 20 or more cigarettes per day pre-pregnancy; not attending childbirth education; maternal obesity; having self-reported depression in the six months after birth; and the baby receiving infant formula while in hospital.

Conclusion
In addition to the factors commonly reported as being associated with breastfeeding in previous work, this study found a negative association between breastfeeding outcomes and giving babies infant formula in hospital, a high maternal body mass index, and self-reported maternal depression or anxiety in the six months after the baby was born. Interventions that seek to increase breastfeeding should consider focusing on women who wish to breastfeed but are at high risk of early discontinuation.
A Salvage Procedure in Cleft Palate Repair: Suturing Nasal Mucosa Directly to Palatine Process
Authors: Tunçbilek Gökhan , Konaş Ersoy , Özgür Figen 
Published: October 2006

Objective: Palatal fistulas are among the complications of cleft palate repair requiring additional surgery. Suturing the nasal mucosa and mucoperiosteal flaps together in a tension-free manner to create a double-layered closure in the hard palate is one of the most important points in prevention of dehiscence and fistula formation. In this report, we describe a salvage procedure to repair nasal mucosa that might be lacerated while being freed from the upper surface of the palatal process. Method: To restore the nasal lining, an ipsilateral vomer mucoperiosteal flap or the opposite nasal mucosa flap is advanced to the palatine bone and sutured directly to the palatal process in order to guarantee an intact cleft palate repair. Results: This method is an easy, simple, and time-saving procedure. It should be a useful addition to the armamentarium of every plastic surgeon, especially those working as consultants in training units.
Stille Reactions with Tetraalkylstannanes and Phenyltrialkylstannanes in Low Melting Sugar‐Urea‐Salt Mixtures
Authors: Imperato Giovanni , Vasold Rudolf , König Burkhard 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe transfer of simple alkyl groups in Stille reactions usually requires special solvents (HMPA) or certain organotin reagents (stannatranes, monoorganotin halides) to be efficient. Using low‐melting mixtures of sugar, urea and inorganic salt as solvent, a fast and efficient palladium‐catalyzed alkyl transfer with tetraalkyltin reagents was observed. The high polarity and nucleophilic character of the solvent melt promotes the reaction. Stille biaryl synthesis using electron‐poor and electron‐rich aryl bromides proceeds with quantitative yields in the sugar‐urea‐salt melt. Catalyst loading may be reduced to 0.001 mol % and the catalyst melt mixture remains active in several reaction cycles. Showing the same or improved performance for Stille reactions than organic solvents and allowing a very simple work up, sugar‐urea‐salt melts are a non‐toxic and cheap alternative reaction medium available in bulk quantities for the catalytic process.
Second‐Generation N,O‐[2.2]Paracyclophane Ketimine Ligands for the Alkenylzinc Addition to Aliphatic and Aromatic Aldehydes: Scope and Limitations
Authors: Lauterwasser Frank , Gall Julia , Höfener Sebastian , Bräse Stefan 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSecond generation N,O‐[2.2]paracyclophane ketimine ligands were investigated for their ability to catalyze the 1,2‐addition of alkenylzinc reagents to aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes with special focus on functionalized substrates. For aliphatic aldehydes, which have always been challenging in this field, remarkably high enantiomeric excesses could be determined (50–95 % ee). However, alkenylzinc reagents bearing heteroatoms proved to be demanding substrates for this system.
Polyethylene Glycol as an Environmentally Friendly and Recyclable Reaction Medium for Enantioselective Hydrogenation
Authors: Zhou Hai‐Feng , Fan Qing‐Hua , Tang Wei‐Jun , Xu Li‐Jin , He Yan‐Mei , Deng Guo‐Jun , Zhao Li‐Wen , Gu Lian‐Quan , Chan Albert S. C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPolyethylene glycol (PEG) was found to be an inexpensive, non‐toxic and recyclable reaction medium for ruthenium‐ and rhodium‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of 2‐arylacrylic acids (Ru‐catalyzed CC bond reduction), enamides (Rh‐catalyzed CC bond reduction), β‐keto esters and simple aromatic ketones (Ru‐catalyzed CO bond reduction). In all cases, high catalytic activities and enantioselectivities have been achieved, which are comparable to those obtained in conventional organic solvent systems. The Ru and Rh catalysts prepared with commercially available chiral diphosphine ligands could be readily recycled by simple extraction, as in the case of ionic liquids, and reused up to nine times without obvious loss of catalytic activity and enantioselectivity. The reduced products were obtained from the extracts in high isolated yields. These results indicate that PEGs as new reaction media are attractive alternatives to room temperature ionic liquids.
Die Umsetzung von Azlactonen mit CH‐aziden Verbindungen I. Malonitril
Authors: Stachel H.‐D. , Harigel K. K. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAzlactone eignen sich recht allgemein zur Acylierung von Malonitril. Die erwarteten Primärprodukte sind isolierbar, cyclisieren aber leicht zu sehr stabilen 2‐Amino‐3‐cyanopyrrolin‐4‐onen.
Untersuchungen über Inhaltsstoffe von Paeonia‐Arten
Authors: Stahl Egon , Cooper S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAußer in den Wurzeln von Paeonia albiflora PALL. (P. lactiflora PALL.) kommt das Terpen‐Glucosid „Paeoniflorin”︁ auch in den Wurzeln anderer Paeonia‐Arten vor. Der Paeonifloringehalt ist bei den verschiedenen Arten sehr verschieden und weist auch im Laufe der Vegetationsperiode starke Unterschiede auf. Die Wurzeln von P. californica haben mit 7,5% den höchsten Gehalt an Paeoniflorin. Nur in zwei japanischen Drogenmustern von P. moutan SIMS. und P. moutan var. konnten Paeonol und Glucopaeonol nachgewiesen werden. Während der Vegetationsperiode ergibt sich ein unmittelbarer Zusammenhang zwischen den Paeoniflorin‐ und den Zuckerwerten. Der Gerbstoffgehalt der Wurzeln bleibt jedoch innerhalb der Vegetationsperiode annähernd gleich. Alkaloide kommen in der Droge nicht vor; das isolierte Benzamid ist keine genuine Verbindung, sondern ein Kunstprodukt, das bei der ammoniakalischen Hydrolyse aus dem Paeoniflorin entsteht.
Prognostic significance of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose uptake on positron emission tomography in patients with pathologic stage I lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ohtsuka Takashi , Nomori Hiroaki , Watanabe Ken‐ichi , Kaji Masahiro , Naruke Tsuguo , Suemasu Keiichi , Uno Kimiichi 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBACKGROUND.[18F]Fluoro‐2‐deoxyglucose uptake on positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) has been frequently used for diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. The prognostic significance of FDG uptake on PET was evaluated in patients with pathologic Stage I lung adenocarcinoma (tumor stages were based on the TNM classification of the International Union Against Cancer).METHODS.Disease‐free survival of 98 patients with pathologic Stage I lung adenocarcinoma who were treated by curative resection was examined in relation to sex, age, histologic grade of differentiation, surgical procedure, tumor stage, and FDG uptake measured as the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV).RESULTS.Sixty‐three patients were had Stage IA disease and 35 patients had Stage IB disease. Six patients each with Stage IA and Stage IB disease developed disease recurrence after a mean postsurgical follow‐up period of 31 months. Ten (23%) of the 43 patients with SUV ≥ 3.3 developed a recurrence compared with 2 (4%) of the 55 patients with SUV < 3.3 (P= .020). Ten (20%) of the 51 patients with moderately or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma developed disease recurrence, compared with 2 (4%) of the 47 patients with well‐differentiated adenocarcinoma (P= .056). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that histologic grade of differentiation was not correlated with the frequency of tumor recurrence (P= .286), whereas SUV was found to be marginally correlated (P= .079).CONCLUSIONS.FDG uptake appears to be predictive of disease‐free survival in patients with Stage I lung adenocarcinoma. FDG uptake could yield important information for determining the likely value of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in such patients. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Design and evaluation of a high‐level Grid communication infrastructure
Authors: Messina Fabrizio , Pappalardo Giuseppe , Tramontana Emiliano 
Published: October 2006

AbstractDeveloping a distributed application in a Grid context is likely to require considerable effort, whether to evolve existing code or to upgrade programmers' skills, for the sake of adapting to Grid‐specific communication technologies. As a solution, targeted to the Java technology, this paper proposes HiC, a high‐level communication infrastructure, which hides the low‐level data transfer mechanisms and hides concerns about them from applications. HiC adheres to a service‐aware, connection‐oriented, object stream paradigm. It can easily cater for a new data‐transfer technology, without any impact on the application built on top of it and, furthermore, without undergoing much adaptation itself. Architecturally, HiC consists of two layers. The upper layer allows software to obtain remote services through simple but powerful abstractions, while the lower layer provides the upper layer with uniform access to a specific underlying data‐transfer technology, such as GridRPC and XIO. The performance of HiC has been evaluated, and found to be acceptable even for relatively small amounts of data and the faster XIO data transfer. A standard interfacing architecture is also proposed, whereby all dependencies on HiC of user software can be confined within just an ‘intermediary’ pair per service. Furthermore, HiC has proven useful as a communication infrastructure for our ReD reflective framework for transparent distributed object allocation. The combination of HiC and ReD affords an advantageous synergy, which frees developers from the concerns of retargeting ReD to specific transfer technologies, and implementing the intermediaries between an application and HiC. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selective Precipitation of Alkaline Earth Metal Cations with Dipicrylamine Anion: Structure–Selectivity Correlation
Authors: Agnihotri Pragati , Patra Subrata , Suresh Eringathodi , Paul Parimal , Ghosh Pushpito K. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSalts of dipicrylamine anion and alkaline earth metal ions are highly soluble in water, unlike the salts formed with K+, Rb+, and Cs+. We report here that when DPA– is added to a solution containing Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+, Ba2+ can be precipitated out with high yield and selectivity by optimizing the concentrations. When [DPA–] = 0.17 M and the molar ratio of each metal ion to DPA– is 1:1, Sr2+ and Ba2+ are precipitated out in about 90 % overall yield (with respect to DPA–) and 85 % selectivity of Ba2+. Salts of Mg2+ and Ca2+ are virtually absent. Single‐crystal XRD of the pure Sr2+ and Ba2+ compounds has been performed. Layered structures are observed with clear evidence that the salts exist in the form of complexes with the composition [M(DPA)2(H2O)4]. This is different to the case of alkali metal ions, where the complexes have no coordinated water molecules. The Ba2+ complex has a more compact layered structure than the Sr2+ complex, with reduced exposure of the polar entities. As a result it would be expected to have relatively lower solubility in water, which would account for its selective precipitation over the Sr2+ complex. That it is legitimate to rationalize the precipitation behavior from the structure deduced by single crystal XRD is verified due to the close similarity between the experimental powder XRD data of the precipitate and the simulated powder XRD pattern obtained from the single‐crystal data.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Myeloablative chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell infusion may overcome the adverse prognostic impact of FLT3 (foetal liver tyrosine kinase 3) mutations in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia and normal karyotype
Authors: Palmieri Salvatore , Ferrara Felicetto , Leoni Franco , Ciolli Stefania , Pollio Filiberto , D'Amico Maria Rosaria , Celentano Maria , Viola Assunta , Vicari Laura , Izzo Barbara , Pane Fabrizio 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn this study, we analysed the prognostic relevance of foetal liver tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutations in 73 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with normal karyotype, who survived induction and consolidation and received autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) after successful mobilization of peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC). There were 44 males and 29 females with a median age of 54 years (range 20–77). Overall, 16 out of 73 autografted patients (22%) had FLT3 mutations. More in detail, FLT3/ITDs were detected in 10 out of 73 patients (14%), while FLT3 D835 mutations were detected in five cases (7%). One patient (1%) was found as having both abnormalities. White blood cell count (p=0.009), serum concentration of lactate dehydrogenase (p=0.01), and percentages of peripheral blood (p=0.002) and bone marrow blasts (p=0.03) were significantly higher in patients showing the FLT3 mutations. On the contrary, overall survival and disease‐free survival were similar between patients with or without FLT3 mutations (p=0.73 and 0.78, respectively). In conclusion, our data suggest that myeloablative chemotherapy supported by auto‐PBSCT may overcome the adverse prognostic implications of FLT3 mutations in AML. However, it is to consider that autografted patients are highly selected for best response to induction, consolidation and mobilization, as well as for minor non‐haematologic toxicity. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stormflow generation involving pipe flow in a zero‐order basin of Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Negishi J. N. , Noguchi S. , Sidle R. C. , Ziegler A. D. , Rahim Nik Abdul 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHydrological responses in a zero‐order basin (ZOB), a portion of whose discharge emerged via preferential flow through soil pipes, were examined over a 2‐year period in Peninsular Malaysia to elucidate primary stormflow generation processes. Silicon (Si) and specific conductance (EC) in various runoff components were also measured to identify their sources. ZOB flow response was dependent on antecedent precipitation amount; runoff increased linearly with precipitation during events >20 mm in relatively wet antecedent moisture conditions. Runoff derived from direct precipitation falling onto saturated areas accounted for <0·2% of total ZOB flow volume during the study period, indicating the predominance of subsurface pathways in ZOB flow. ZOB flow (high EC and low Si) was distinct from perennial baseflow via bedrock seepage (low EC and high Si) 5 m downstream of the ZOB outlet. Pipe flow responded quickly to ZOB flow rate and was characterized by a threshold flow capacity unique to each pipe. Piezometric data and pipe flow records demonstrated that pipes located deeper in the soil initiated first, followed by those at shallower depths; initiation of pipe flow corresponded to shallow groundwater rise above the saprolite‐soil interface. Chemical signatures of pipe flow were similar to each other and to the ZOB flow, suggesting that the sources were well‐mixed soil‐derived shallow groundwater. Based upon the volume of pipe flow during storms, the combined contribution of the pipes monitored accounted for 48% of total ZOB flow during the study period. Our results suggest that shallow groundwater, possibly facilitated by preferential flow accreted above the saprolite–soil interface, provides dominant stormflow, and that soil pipes play an important role in the rapid delivery of solute‐rich water to the stream system. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A coupled transport and reaction model for long column experiments simulating bank filtration
Authors: Horner Christoph , Holzbecher Ekkehard , Nützmann Gunnar 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWithin the scope of the interdisciplinary Natural and Artificial Systems for Recharge and Infiltration research project dealing with riverbank filtration processes at the Berlin water works, a semi‐technical column experiment has been ongoing since January 2003. Here, a 30 m long soil column is infiltrated with surface water sampled from Lake Tegel (Berlin, Germany) under saturated flow conditions. Changes in pore water hydrochemistry sampled on 21 non‐equidistant distributed points are verified by coupled transport and reaction modelling. The objective of reactive transport modelling was to identify the main biogeochemical processes within the soil column during the flushing experiment as a conceptual model for riverbank filtration. Modelling was done with a combination of MATLAB and PHREEQC. The main processes identified are: (1) biogeochemical degradation due to interaction of natural surface water with the soil matrix; (2) continuous dissolution of refractory air bubbles from the soil column matrix. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of the human/mouse syntenic common fragile site FRA7K/Fra12C1—Relation of FRA7K and other human common fragile sites on chromosome 7 to evolutionary breakpoints
Authors: Helmrich Anne , Stout‐Weider Karen , Matthaei Anja , Hermann Klaus , Heiden Thomas , Schrock Evelin 
Published: October 2006

AbstractCommon fragile sites (CFSs) are expressed as chromosome gaps in cells of different species including human and mouse as a result of the inhibition of DNA replication. They may serve as hot spots for DNA breakage in processes such as tumorigenesis and chromosome evolution. Using multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping, the authors describe here human CFS FRA7K on chromosome band 7q31.1 and its murine homolog Fra12C1. Within the syntenic FRA7K/Fra12C1 region lies the IMMP2L/Immp2l gene with a size of 899/983 kb. The authors further mapped 2 amplification breakpoints of the breast cancer cell line SKBR3 to the CFSs FRA7G and FRA7H. The 5 molecularly defined CFSs on chromosome 7 do not preferentially colocalize with synteny breaks between the human and mouse genomes and with intragenomic duplications that have occurred during chromosome evolution. In addition, in contrast to all currently reported data, CFSs in chromosome band 7q31 do not show increased DNA helix flexibility in comparison with control regions without CFS expression. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synergistic inhibition of DNA synthesis in ehrlich ascites tumour cells by a combination of unsaturated fatty acids and hyperthermia
Authors: Kageyama Katsuhiro , Onoyama Yasuto , Nakanishi Masako , Matsui‐Yuasa Isao , Otani Shuzo , Morisawa Seiji 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWide attention has been given to hyperthermia as a new measure for cancer treatment. Clinical trials of hyperthermia, as they possess antitumour activity on some occasions. When cells were incubated with oleic we examine if fatty acids exert a synergistic effect on Ehrlich ascites tumour cells when combined with hyperthermia, as they pssess antitumour activity on some occasions. When cells were incubated with oleic acid and linoleic acid (unsaturated fatty acids) at 37°C, the DNA synthesis of cells was significantly inhibited. Palmitic and stearic acids, which are saturated fatty acids, did not suppress DNA synthesis. Hyperthermic treatment without the presence of fatty acids at 42°C for 1 h decreased DNA synthesis to 62% of the control level of 37°C. The combination of an unsaturated fatty acid and hyperthermia synergistically suppressed DNA synthesis. When the cells were incubated in serum‐free medium containing 0.1 % albumin, unsaturated fatty acids were more effective in inhibiting DNA synthesis. However, saturated fatty acids had little or no effect on DNA synthesis in control or hyperthermia‐treated cells. These results indicate that unsaturated fatty acids are useful for enhancing the inhibitory effect of hyperthermia on DNA synthesis, which may increase the in vitro antitumour effects of hyperthermia.