bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anemia management: intravenous iron can enable a reduction in blood transfusions – a benefit for patients and hematology wards
Authors: STROSS PAUL 
Published: September 2007

SUMMARYChronic iron deficiency is a common cause of symptomatic anemia, but despite this it is often overlooked or not optimally managed. Frequently, this is because the diagnosis is not confirmed and the response to treatment may be inadequate because of poor compliance, malabsorbtion or recurrent blood loss. Oral iron is blamed for many treatment‐limiting gastrointestinal symptoms, and if patients are admitted to hospital with symptoms they are frequently transfused. Intravenous iron can be used to deliver a predictable dose of iron over a short time with many safety, time and economic advantages compared with blood transfusion. Unlike blood transfusion, it is easy to replace physiological storage iron or even to anticipate future blood loss. Preparations of intravenous iron are available which enable even severely anemic patients to be fully treated in two hospital visits. The speed of response to intravenous iron is fast, with rises in hemoglobin levels exceeding 2 g/dL per week in severely iron‐deficient subjects. In patients with recurrent blood loss and a satisfactory response, multiple ongoing treatments with intravenous iron are feasible.
Animal-unit equivalence of bison, wapiti, and mule deer in the aspen parkland of Alberta
Authors: Kuzyk G.W. , Hudson R.J. 
Published: September 2007

Animal-unit equivalences needed for joint-stocking calculations of ungulates are rarely studied because of difficulties deriving accurate estimates of forage intake. We used indigestible internal and external markers (double n-alkane ratio) to determine animal-unit equivalence of bison ( Bison bison (L., 1758)), wapiti ( Cervus elaphus canadensis L., 1758), and mule deer ( Odocoileus hemionus (Rafinesque, 1817)) in the aspen parkland of east-central Alberta. We hypothesized that dry matter intake would differ among species in absolute terms (kg·day–1) but not when expressed as percent body mass (%BM) or when related to metabolic mass (g·kg–1·day–1 BM0.75). We administered slow-release n-alkane capsules to 12 bison, 3 wapiti, and 11 mule deer and released them into separate 3–7 ha paddocks during summer and fall. Intake of dry matter by bison, wapiti, and mule deer differed significantly among species when expressed as total intake (p = 0.009) and %BM (p = 0.014) but not when related to metabolic mass (p = 0.237). Dry matter intake related to metabolic mass did not differ between bison and mule deer in any comparison despite a 6.8-fold difference in body size, suggesting that intake scales to metabolic mass, and is the preferred expression of animal-unit equivalents.
Effects of a stand-replacing fire on small-mammal communities in montane forest
Authors: Zwolak Rafał , Foresman Kerry R. 
Published: September 2007

Wildfire, ubiquitous and recurring over thousands of years, is the most important natural disturbance in northern coniferous forest. Accordingly, forest fires may exert a strong influence on the structure and functioning of small-mammal communities. We compared the composition of rodent and shrew communities in burned and unburned patches of a Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco) – western larch ( Larix occidentalis Nutt.) forest in western Montana, USA. Trapping was conducted during two consecutive summers after a wildfire. Four trapping sites were sampled in areas that burned at high severity and two in unburned forest. Small-mammal communities in burned sites were characterized by strong numerical dominance of deer mice ( Peromyscus maniculatus (Wagner, 1845)) and greatly reduced proportion of southern red-backed voles ( Clethrionomys gapperi (Vigors, 1830)) and red-toothed shrews (genus Sorex L., 1758). Relatively rare species such as northern flying squirrels ( Glaucomys sabrinus (Shaw, 1801)) and bushy-tailed woodrats ( Neotoma cinerea (Ord, 1815)) were largely restricted to unburned areas. The numbers of chipmunks (genus Tamias Illiger, 1811) were similar in burned and unburned areas. Rodent diversity was higher in unburned forest, but only during the 1st year after fire. Overall, the fire shifted small-mammal communities away from more specialized red-backed voles and shrews and towards greater abundance of generalist deer mice.
Reinterpreting a community outbreak of Salmonella entericaserotype Enteritidis in the light of molecular typing
Authors: Romani Cristina , Nicoletti PierLuigi , Buonomini Maria Ida , Nastasi Antonino , Mammina Caterina 
Published: September 2007

Abstract

Background
In November 2005, a large outbreak due to Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) was observed within children who had eaten their meals at 53 school cafeterias in Florence and the surrounding area. A total of 154 isolates of S. Enteritidis were recovered from human cases between November 2005 and January 2006. All strains were assigned phage type 8 (PT8) and a common XbaI pulsotype.
This paper reports the findings of a molecular epidemiological investigation performed on 124 strains of S. Enteritidis isolated in the years 2005 and 2006 in Florence and the surrounding area, including the epidemic isolates.

Methods
One hundred twenty-four human isolates of S. Enteritidis identified in the period January 2005 – December 2006 were submitted to molecular typing by single enzyme – amplified fragment length polymorphism (SE-AFLP).

Results
Molecular subtyping by SE-AFLP yielded five different profiles. In the pre-epidemic phase, type A included 78.4% of isolates, whereas only three (8.1%) belonged to type C. All isolates, but one, of the epidemic phase were indistinguishable and attributed to type C. In the post-epidemic period, a polymorphic pattern of SE-AFLP types was again recognized but type C accounted for 73.3% of the isolates during the first six months of 2006, whereas during the remaining six months type A regained the first place, including 52.0% of the isolates.

Conclusion
The epidemic event was attributed to the emergence and clonal expansion of a strain of S. Enteritidis PT8-SE-AFLP type C. Circulation of the epidemic clone was much more extensive than the surveillance and traditional laboratory data demonstrated.
Perianal eccrine adenocarcinoma
Authors: Leung Tsz-Ho , Lee Henry Hsin-Chung , Chang Shih-Chang 
Published: September 2007

Abstract

Background
Eccrine carcinoma is a quite rare malignant tumor that typically arises from a normal sweat gland and that features a rather high recurrence rate subsequent to simple excision. Given its rather poor response to adjuvant therapy, wide excision of the lesion with tumor-free margins may offer a reasonable chance for long-term control of this neoplasm.

Case presentation
Herein, we report on an unusual case of perianal eccrine carcinoma, initially presenting as a perianal abscess.

Conclusion
Even though eccrine carcinomas would appear to be rare, when dealing with recurrent skin tumors or recurrent perianal fistulas, the possibility of eccrine carcinoma should be considered by consulting clinicians.
Performance of aluminum borate whisker reinforced cyanate ester resin
Authors: Tang Yusheng , Liang Guozheng , Zhang Zengping , Han Jing 
Published: September 2007

AbstractAluminum borate whisker (AlBw) treated with γ‐methacryloxypropyltrimethoxy silane (KH550) and borate ester (BE4) was adopted to modify bisphenol A dicyanate/epoxy resin (BADCy/E‐51) system, in this article. The influence of coupling agent and content of whisker on reaction activity were investigated by gel time and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and the results showed that addition of whisker enhances reaction activity of BADCy/E‐51 system slightly. The dispersion of whisker in matrix and reinforcement mechanism was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results reveal that whisker treated with BE4 had better dispersing than that treated with KH550 in resin. The thermal stability, mechanical properties, and hot–wet resistance of AlBw/BADCy/E‐51 resin system were also studied. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007
Study of some properties of waste LDPE/waste butyl rubber blends using different compatibilizing agents and gamma irradiation
Authors: Maziad Nabila A. , Hassan Medhat M. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBlends of waste low‐density polyethylene with waste butyl rubber of equal quantities containing reactive compatibilizing agents, namely: maliec anhydride; glycidyle methacrylate, divinyl benzene, tetraethyleneglycoldimethacrylate and diethyleneglycoldimethacrylate were preparedand exposed to different γ‐irradiation doses up to 400 kGy. The swelling behavior in organic solvent of the gel and soluble fractions and the degree of crosslinking were investigated. The mechanical properties, namely tensile strength and elongation at break were also studied. Thermal properties using thermo gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry analysis follow analyses have been followed up to follow the change of the structure for the irradiated and nonradiated blends. Results obtained indicated improvement in physical, mechanical and thermal properties on irradiation of the prepared blends which incorporate compatibilizing agents, but with varying degrees. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Swelling activation energy of κ‐carrageenan in its gel state: A fluorescence study
Authors: Tarı Ö. , Pekcan Ö. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA steady‐state fluorescence technique was employed to study the swelling of κ‐carrageenan gels at various temperatures. Pyranine was used as a fluorescence probe. The fluorescence intensity of pyranine was measured during the insitu swelling process of κ‐carrageenan gels. The fluorescence intensity increased exponentially as the swelling time increased. The increase in the fluorescence intensity was modeled with the Li–Tanaka equation, from which the swelling time constants and cooperative diffusion coefficients were determined. The swelling time constants decreased and the cooperative diffusion coefficients increased as the swelling temperature was increased. The swelling activation energies were measured to be 47.05 kJ/mol. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Development of a chlorine‐resistant polyamide nanofiltration membrane and its field‐test results
Authors: Shintani Takuji , Matsuyama Hideto , Kurata Naoki , Ohara Tomomi 
Published: September 2007

AbstractFor the development of chlorine‐resistant nanofiltration membranes, a thin‐film‐composite membrane was prepared by the interfacial polymerization of N‐phenylethylenediamine and 1,3,5‐benzenetricarbonyl trichloride on a microporous polysulfone support substrate. The polymerization on the substrate surface was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared measurements, and membrane surface properties such as the roughness and ζ potential were characterized. Rejections of NaCl and isopropyl alcohol of the prepared membrane were 95 and 50%, respectively. The membrane showed much higher chlorine resistance than a commercial polyamide membrane when the membranes were immersed in an aqueous NaOCl solution. A field test was carried out with a spiral‐type membrane module. Tap water was treated by this module for more than 70 days under the condition of continuous NaOCl injection. The prepared membrane module was quite stable, and no distinguished change in the rejection and flux was recognized. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Designing quality walkthroughs
Authors: Sanyal Subhajit , Banerjee Subhashis , Kalra Prem K. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn this paper we present a framework for designing quality walkthroughs. Our framework aids the content creator in designing tours where one sees interesting objects for the most part of the tour. Further, the speed of the tour is controlled by what is shown. In particular we consider the designing of walkthroughs of scenes constructed by image‐based techniques where such a design framework helps to optimize on the effort needed to create the content. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extracranial malignant rhabdoid tumors in childhood
Authors: Madigan Catherine E. , Armenian Saro H. , Malogolowkin Marcio H. , Mascarenhas Leo 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Extracranial malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) is a rare, aggressive, pediatric malignancy with a historically poor outcome. Recent efforts to intensify treatment for MRT have resulted in isolated reports of long‐term survival.METHODS.The authors conducted a retrospective review of consecutive patients with MRT at Childrens Hospital Los Angeles over the 20 years from 1983 to 2003.RESULTS.Fourteen children were diagnosed with MRT over the 20‐year study period. The median age at presentation was 22.5 months (range, 0.5–108 months). Five patients had renal primary tumors, and 9 patients had extrarenal tumors. Eleven of 14 patients had stage III or IV disease at diagnosis. Five patients (35.7%) were long‐term survivors. The time to disease progression was rapid (mean, 3.6 months). There were no recurrences or deaths beyond 10 months after diagnosis. All survivors received multimodal therapy, including both chemotherapy and surgery with or without radiation. In addition, 2 patients received high‐dose chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem cell rescue (HSCT) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and local tumor control. Both of those patients were long‐term survivors. There were no survivors after disease recurrence or progression.CONCLUSIONS.Patients with localized disease and complete surgical resection were most likely to survive long‐term. Consolidation with HSCT may benefit selected patients with advanced disease stage. International collaboration and further understanding of the biology of this disease is necessary to improve the survival of children with MRT. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Perioperative chemotherapy in patients undergoing pulmonary resection for metastatic soft‐tissue sarcoma of the extremity
Authors: Canter Robert J. , Qin Li‐Xuan , Downey Robert J. , Brennan Murray F. , Singer Samuel , Maki Robert G. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The benefit of chemotherapy in the treatment of primary soft‐tissue sarcoma (STS) is controversial. To the authors' knowledge, few studies to date have examined the effect of chemotherapy in patients undergoing pulmonary resection for metastatic STS of the extremity.METHODS.Between 1990 and 2005, 1897 patients with extremity STS were treated and prospectively followed at a single institution. In all, 508 patients (27%) developed lung metastases as the first site of distant recurrence, and 138 (7%) were treated with pulmonary resection.RESULTS.Perioperative chemotherapy was administered to 53 patients (38%). Age at diagnosis and disease‐free interval were significantly different between patients who received perioperative chemotherapy and those who did not, whereas sex, grade, size of the primary tumor, depth, histology, number and size of lung metastases, and rate of complete resection were not. The median postmetastasis disease‐specific survival was 24 months in patients who were treated with surgery and chemotherapy compared with 33 months in patients who were treated with surgery alone (P = .19). The median postmetastasis pulmonary progression‐free survival in the 2 groups was 10 months and 11 months, respectively (P = .63). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards modeling and propensity score analysis revealed no association between perioperative chemotherapy and disease‐specific, overall, or pulmonary progression‐free survival.CONCLUSIONS.Although it is difficult to completely control for the effects of selection bias on outcome in this highly selected cohort of patients, data from the current study suggest that systemic chemotherapy has minimal, if any, long‐term impact on the outcome of patients undergoing pulmonary resection for metastatic STS of the extremity. Cancer 2007. Published 2007 by the American Cancer Society.
Boundaries between fast‐ and slow‐scale bifurcations in parallel‐connected buck converters
Authors: Huang Yuehui , Iu Herbert H. C. , Tse Chi K. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis paper studies a system of parallel‐connected dc/dc buck converters under master–slave current sharing and proportional‐integral (PI) PWM control. Two distinct types of bifurcations can be identified. Depending on the value of the integral control time constant, the system exhibits either a slow‐scale bifurcation (Neimark–Sacker bifurcation) or a fast‐scale bifurcation (period doubling). Extensive simulations are used to capture the behaviour. Trajectories and Poincaré sections before and after these bifurcations are shown. The boundaries between these two types of bifurcations are located. In particular, the parameter spaces of the controllers for these bifurcations are totally different. A detailed analysis is performed, based on examining the Jacobian and characteristic multipliers of the describing discrete‐time map. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Open Platinum Aggregate Frameworks with Overhead Dithiolate Bridges
Authors: Chong Siew Huay , Henderson William , Hor T. S. Andy 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA convenient method has been developed to bring together two discrete moieties of [Pt2(μ‐S)2(PPh3)4] to give an open Pt4 aggregate of Pt2···(spacer)···Pt2, as exemplified in the isolation of [(PPh3)4Pt2(μ‐S)(μ‐SRS)(μ‐S)Pt2(PPh3)4](PF6)2 [R = m‐CH2C6H4CH2, p‐CH2C6H4CH2, CH2C10H6CH2, and CH2(C6H4)2CH2]. The spacer is a dithiolate with an extended skeletal backbone formed from the alkylation of sulfide with a suitable dibromo‐organic compound. This synthetic methodology can tolerate a range of conformationally contrasting thiolate substituents with different chemical functionalities. Shorter or stereochemically more restrictive spacers could opt to be an intramolecular bridge over the Pt2 core, as given in [Pt2(μ‐S‐o‐CH2C6H4‐C6H4CH2S)(PPh3)4](PF6)2. A few representative complexes have been characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
[(Pyridylcarbonyl)pyridyl]triazolopyridines, Useful Ligands for the Construction of Polynuclear Coordination Compounds – Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Novel Tetranuclear Copper(II) Cubane
Authors: Abarca Belén , Ballesteros Rafael , Chadlaoui Mimoun , de Arellano Carmen Ramirez , Real José A. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA new tetranuclear cubane Cu4O4 complex has been synthesised from assembly of CuII ions and the polydentate ligand (pyridin‐2‐yl){6‐([1,2,3]triazolo[1,5‐a]pyridin‐3‐yl)pyridin‐2‐yl}methanone. Crystallographic analysis indicates that the Cu4O4 unit has an S4 symmetry. The magnetic properties have been analysed using the H = –2Σi,jJijSiSj spin Hamiltonian. Two distinct coupling constants, 2J1,3 = –37.4 cm–1 and 2J1,2 = –2.6 cm–1, obtained from the fitting of the experimental data have been rationalised on the basis of a density functional study of magnetostructural correlations in cubane complexes containing the Cu4O4 core. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Towards New MraY Inhibitors: A Serine Template for Uracil and 5‐Amino‐5‐deoxyribosyl Scaffolding
Authors: Le Corre Laurent , Gravier‐Pelletier Christine , Le Merrer Yves 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe bacterial translocase MraY is a good target for the development of new antitbiotics as it is ubiquitous and essential for bacterial growth. The goal of this work was the synthesis of simplified analogues of naturally occurring inhibitors of this enzyme to investigate the essential character of the uridine moiety of these inhibitors with regards to biological activity. Thus, the structure of the targeted enantiomerically pure N‐(uracilylpentyl)‐β‐D‐O‐(5‐amino‐5‐deoxyribosyl)‐L‐serine retains uracil and 5‐amino‐5‐deoxyribose parts linked by a serinyl template. The synthetic strategy towards this compound relies on sequential O‐glycosylation and N‐alkylation by reductive amination of a serine derivative. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Recurrent salivary gland carcinomas treated by surgery with or without intraoperative radiation therapy
Authors: Chen Allen M. , Garcia Joaquin , Bucci M. Kara , Chan Albert S. , Kaplan Michael J. , Singer Mark I. , Phillips Theodore L. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBackground.The optimal treatment for patients with locally recurrent carcinomas of the salivary glands is unclear.Methods.Ninety‐nine patients underwent salvage surgery for locally recurrent salivary gland carcinomas. Eighty‐one (82%) had previously received radiation. Thirty‐seven patients (37%) received intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) to a median dose of 15 Gy (range, 12–18 Gy) at the time of salvage.Results.The 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year estimates of local control after salvage surgery were 88%, 75%, and 69%, respectively. A Cox proportional hazard model identified positive margins (0.01) and the omission of IORT (p = .001) as independent predictors of local failure. The 5‐year overall survival was 34%. Distant metastasis was the most common site of subsequent failure, occurring in 42% of patients.Conclusions.IORT significantly improves disease control for patients with locally recurrent carcinomas of the salivary glands. The high rate of distant metastasis emphasizes the need for effective systemic therapies. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008
Hemochromatosis genotypes and risk of 31 disease endpoints
Authors: Ellervik Christina , Birgens Henrik , Tybjærg-Hansen Anne , Nordestgaard Bφrge G. 
Published: September 2007

Abstract

Hemochromatosis genotypes have been associated with liver disease, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, arthritis, porphyria cutanea tarda, stroke, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and venous disease. We performed meta-analyses including 202 studies with 66,263 cases and 226,515 controls to examine associations between hemochromatosis genotypes C282Y/C282Y, C282Y/H63D, C282Y/wild type, H63D/H63D, and H63D/wild type versus wild type/wild type and 9 overall endpoints and 22 endpoint subgroups. We also explored potential sources of heterogeneity. For liver disease, the odds ratio for C282Y/C282Y versus wild type/wild type was 3.9 (99% confidence interval: 1.9–8.1) overall, 11 (3.7–34) for hepatocellular carcinoma, 4.1 (1.2–14) for hepatitis C, and 10 (2.1–53) for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. For porphyria cutanea tarda, the odds ratios were 48 (24–95) for C282Y/C282Y, 8.1 (3.9–17) for C282Y/H63D, 3.6 (1.8–7.3) for C282Y/wild type, 3.0 (1.6–5.6) for H63D/H63D, and 1.7 (1.0–3.1) for H63D/wild type versus wild type/wild type. Finally, for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, the odds ratio was 3.9 (1.2–13) for H63D/H63D versus wild type/wild type. These findings were consistent across individual studies. The hemochromatosis genotypes were not associated with risk for diabetes mellitus, heart disease, arthritis, stroke, cancer, or venous disease in the overall analyses; however, the odds ratio for C282Y/C282Y versus wild type/wild type was 3.4 (1.1–11) for diabetes mellitus among North Europeans.

Conclusion:

In aggregate, clinically ascertained cases who are homozygous for the C282Y mutation are associated with a 4–11–fold risk of liver disease, whereas all 5 hemochromatosis genotypes are associated with a 2–48–fold risk of porphyria cutanea tarda, and H63D/H63D is associated with a 4-fold risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. These results, mainly from case-control studies, cannot necessarily be extrapolated to the general population. (HEPATOLOGY 2007.)