bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytopathologist‐performed ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration and core‐needle biopsy: A prospective study of 500 consecutive cases
Authors: Lieu David 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIn experienced hands, palpation‐guided fine‐needle aspiration is an excellent diagnostic tool. However, there is a movement toward using imaging guidance to target all masses. This study examines the feasibility of cytopathologist‐performed ultrasound‐guided FNA (UG‐FNA) and ultrasound‐guided core‐needle biopsy (UG‐CNB) of masses in the breast, thyroid, head and neck, and other superficial sites. Between January 8, 2007 and June 28, 2007, 415 consecutive patients with 500 masses that were (1) nonpalpable (2) palpable but sonographically heterogeneous requiring ultrasound guidance to target the abnormal areas, or (3) palpable but located near a structure to be avoided underwent cytopathologist‐performed UG‐FNA and/or UG‐CNB. There were 395 (79%) nonpalpable masses and 105 (21%) palpable masses. The nondiagnostic rate was 1.4%. All cases undergoing both FNA and CNB were diagnostic. With continuing medical education in radiology and ultrasound‐guided procedures, training on phantoms, and practice on palpable masses before transition to nonpalpable masses, the author was able to successfully perform UG‐FNA/CNB of nonpalpable masses and targeted UG‐FNA/CNB of palpable masses. In the hands of the cytopathologist, ultrasound guidance offers a new tool to revitalize and redefine the role of the interventional cytopathologist. A new era in cytopathology and fine‐needle aspiration may be on the horizon. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2008;36:317–324. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of Sister Mary Joseph's (paraumbilical) nodules
Authors: Handa Uma , Garg Sukant , Mohan Harsh 
Published: April 2008

AbstractDuring a period of 5 years (2001–2005), six cases of Sister Mary Joseph's nodule (umbilical metastasis) were diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). In all the cases, FNAC of umbilical nodules was the first investigation and subsequently the patients were investigated for the primary tumor. The primary carcinoma was found in the stomach in three cases, ovary in two cases and one case was of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma. Based on our findings, we suggest FNAC as an initial diagnostic procedure in cases suspected of umbilical metastasis. It is not only simple, fast, accurate and inexpensive but can also save the patient from other invasive diagnostic procedures. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2008;36:348–350. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pericardial effusion as primary manifestation of metastatic cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma: Diagnostic cytopathology from an exfoliative sample
Authors: Benchetritt Maxime , Butori Catherine , Long Elodie , Ilie Marius , Ferrari Emile , Hofman Paul 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAdenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) occurs not only as a tumor of salivary glands, but also in very unusual locations, such as in the skin. Only very few cases of primary cutaneous of ACC have metastasized to the lymph nodes and lungs. We present a 53‐year‐old man with metastasis of the pericardium from a primary cutaneous ACC (PCACC) of the scalp, which had been surgically treated 14 years ago. Exfoliative cytologic findings from pericardial effusion included small clusters of basaloid cells with occasional cystlike spaces containing mucoid material. To our knowledge, this is the first case of pericardial metastasis from a PCACC. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2008;36:351–354. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Laminin terminates the Netrin/DCC mediated attraction of vagal sensory axons
Authors: Ratcliffe Elyanne M. , D'Autréaux Fabien , Gershon Michael D. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractVagal sensory axons navigate to specific sites in the bowel during fetal life. Netrin/deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) were found to mediate the attraction of vagal sensory axons to the fetal mouse gut. We tested the hypothesis that laminin‐111 can reverse the chemoattractive effects of netrin and act as a stop signal for vagal sensory axons. Laminin‐111‐expressing cells were located in the E12 and E16 mouse bowel by in situ hybridization. At E12, these cells extended centrifugally from the endoderm; by E16, laminin‐111 expressing cells were found in the mucosa and outer gut mesenchyme. A similar pattern was seen in preparations of E13 and E15 mouse gut labeled with antibodies to laminin. Application of DiI to nodose ganglia identified vagal sensory axons growing into the fetal bowel. These terminals were found to avoid concentrations of laminin or to terminate at laminin‐delimited boundaries. Soluble laminin inhibited the preferential growth of nodose neurites toward netrin‐secreting cells (p < 0.01). This effect was mimicked by a peptide, YIGSR, a sequence within the β1 chain of laminin‐111 (p < 0.004) and antagonized by a peptide, IKVAV, a sequence within the α1 chain of laminin‐111. Antibodies to β1‐integrins were also able to reverse the inhibitive effects of laminin and restore the attraction of nodose neurites towards netrin‐1‐secreting cells. Soluble laminin inhibited the preferential growth of nodose neurites toward a cocultured explant of foregut. These findings suggest that laminin terminates the attraction of vagal sensory axons towards sources of netrin in the developing bowel. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2008
An Iron(II) Spin‐Transition Compound with Thiol Anchoring Groups
Authors: Chandrasekar Rajadurai , Schramm Frank , Fuhr Olaf , Ruben Mario 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe synthesis and characterisation of the complex [FeII(L)2](ClO4)2 [L = S‐(4‐{[2,6‐(Dipyrazol‐1‐yl)pyrid‐4‐yl]ethynyl}phenyl) ethanethioate] carrying both a spin‐transition core and acetyl‐protected terminal thiol groups is described. The compound exhibits a reversible, thermally driven solid‐state spin transition at 277 K with a hysteresis loop of ca. 8 K. The unique combination of the bistable spin‐transition property with thiol anchoring groups sets the basis for the investigation of the spin‐transition switching phenomenon at a single‐molecule level. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Protective effect of the cruciferous vegetable mustard leaf (Brassica campestris) against in vivo chromosomal damage and oxidative stress induced by γ‐radiation and genotoxic chemicals
Authors: Tiku Ashu B. , Abraham Suresh K. , Kale Raosaheb K. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWe evaluated the possible protective effect of the popular Indian cruciferous vegetable mustard leaf (Brassica campestris) against chromosomal damage and oxidative stress induced by γ‐radiation, cyclophosphamide (CPH) and urethane (URE), in mice. In vivo bone marrow micronucleus test was performed to assess chromosomal damage, and oxidative stress was monitored by estimating the changes in lipid peroxidation and the status of glutathione (GSH) as well as redox cycle antioxidants. Pretreatment with 50–250 mg/kg body wt of mustard leaf extract (MLE) for seven days significantly reduced the frequencies of micronuclei induced by γ‐radiation, CPH and URE. The protective effect against chromosomal damage was associated with modulation of lipid peroxidation as well as an increase in GSH and the GSH‐dependent enzyme glutathione S‐transferase (GST). Mass spectral analysis showed the presence of glucosinolates in MLE used for the pretreatment of mice. These findings indicate that intake of the green leafy cruciferous vegetable mustard leaf can lead to protection against in vivo genotoxicity and oxidative stress. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of model organophosphorous pesticides on DNA damage and proliferation of HepG2 cells
Authors: Hreljac Irena , Zajc Irena , Lah Tamara , Filipič Metka 
Published: April 2008

AbstractOrganophosphorous compounds (OPs) are commonly used pesticides. The primary mechanism of OP toxicity is the inhibition of acetylcholine esterase in the nervous system leading to a variety of acute and chronic effects. Recent studies have revealed several other targets of OPs that disturb noncholinergic biological systems. We investigated whether low concentrations of model OPs—methyl parathion (PT), methyl paraoxon (PO), and dimefox (DF)—induce DNA damage and/or affect cell proliferation in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Genotoxicity of OPs was evaluated using the comet assay. The effect on cell proliferation was tested using the MTT assay and proliferation marker Ki‐67 immunocytochemistry. The effects of OPs on mRNA expression of the DNA damage responsivegenes p53, p21, GADD45α, and MDM2 were determined using qRT‐PCR. PT induced DNA damage at lower concentrations (1 μg/mL) than PO (100 μg/mL), whereas DF did not induce DNA damage. PT and PO caused a reduction of cell proliferation at their highest concentrations (100 μg/mL), while DF increased cell proliferation at all concentrations used (0.01–100 μg/mL). PT and PO upregulated expression of DNA damage responsive genes, while DF upregulated expression of p53, downregulated expression of p21, and had no effect on the expression of MDM2 and GADD45α. We conclude that PT and PO are genotoxic, while DF shows mitogenic activity. An important finding of this study is that PT had higher genotoxic potential than PO, which warrants for further investigations to correctly evaluate the hazards of exposure to these chemicals. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assessment of DNA strand breaks induced by bleomycin in barley by the comet assay
Authors: Georgieva Mariyana , Stoilov Lubomir 
Published: April 2008

AbstractComet assay was applied to study induction and repair of DNA damage produced by bleomycin in barley genome. Experimental conditions were adapted to achieve efficient detection of both DNA single‐ and double‐strand breaks. Substantial increase of the parameter “% of DNA in tail” was observed coupled with almost linear dependence from bleomycin concentration, more pronounced for the induction of DNA double‐strand breaks. Data obtained at different recovery periods displayed rapid restoration of breakage, revealing that efficient mechanisms for repair of strand discontinuities induced by bleomycin are functional in barley DNA loop domains. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The development of the Carboniferous Ben‐Zireg–Zousfana Trough in the northern part of the Béchar Basin, Western Algeria: implications for its structural evolution, sequence stratigraphy and palaeogeography
Authors: Malti Fatima Zohra , Benhamou Miloud , Mekahli Larbi , Benyoucef Madani 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe sequence stratigraphical study of the Viséan Formations shows the importance of the Ben‐Zireg Trough for the structural development of the Béchar Basin. The sequence stratigraphical approach has allowed to decipher the systems tracts, which have filled the accommodation space of the Ben‐Zireg Trough under tectono‐eustatic control. A deep sea fan recorded by the first flysch‐type deposits transported by submarine canyons was followed by a prograding lowstand wedge recorded in the flysch with olistostromes, a transgressive system tract (TST) identified by flysch‐type deposits without olistostrome, and a highstand system tract (HST) represented by the patch reef and flyschoid deposits. The biostromal barrier and platform limestones indicate also a TST and sometimes a shelf margin wedge (SMW). Thus, these stratal patterns have been identified as Types 1 and 2 genetic sequences of third‐order eustatic cycles and are based on correlations of cross‐sections located around the Ben‐Zireg Anticline.During the Tournaisian, the Ben‐Zireg Anticline, the Djebel Ioucha, the ‘Grand Erg Occidental’ and the Erfoud areas were uplifted to form palaeohighs, whereas the Zousfana and Saoura Valley areas were situated in a trough position. There were also created sub‐basins north of Ben‐Zireg; from Grouz (Teniet El Haïdoura) to Soltane El Betoum, and southeast of the Meharez High.During the Early Viséan, an inversion of the Ben‐Zireg High occurred, resulting in a widening and deepening of the Ben‐Zireg–Zousfana Trough. In the Upper Viséan formations, peri‐reefal limestone beds appear in the current position of the Djebel Béchar. Further west in the Chebket–Mennouna–Djihani area occur small patch reefs. On the eastern edge, the bioherm formations were described previously as ‘Waulsortian‐like reefs’ of the ‘Grand Erg Occidental’. These facies recorded the TST. Thus, a carbonate platform became established at the expense of the Ben‐Zireg–Zousfana Trough. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Can the afterbirth play a role after birth?
Authors: Dötsch Jörg , Schild Ralf L. , Struwe Ellen 
Published: April 2008

AbstractBefore the introduction of modern medicine, the afterbirth (placenta) has been believed to host many secrets and even parts of the newborn baby's soul. Placenta and fetus are closely linked in the so‐called feto‐placental unit. Therefore, the placenta contains information on intrauterine fetal life. This information can not be obtained from the baby since tissue can not be examined biologically without injury. We are currently conducting a multicenter study to predict the probability of later disease inflicted by an adverse intrauterine environment. An early prediction of risk of future diseases would help to initiate early preventive measures.
Lack of cross‐tolerance following heat and cadmium exposure in functional MDCK monolayers
Authors: Dokladny Karol , Wharton Walker , Ma Thomas Y. , Moseley Pope L. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractExposure of monolayers of Madin–Darby canine kidney epithelial (MDCK) cells to a mild heat stimulus induces a state of physiological thermotolerance in which epithelial barrier function is maintained following a second more severe heat stress. We have previously shown that expression of exogenous HSP70 fully mimics the effects of the conditioning heat stress. Exposure of MDCK cells to elevated temperatures or medium containing CdCl2 caused a robust increase in cellular levels of HSP70. Pretreatment of MDCK monolayers with cadmium but not heat caused a small protection of epithelial barrier function against a second challenge with cadmium. In addition, a prior exposure of monolayers to cadmium at levels sufficient to induce HSP70 expression and increased cellular chaperone activity did not afford protection against a subsequent thermal challenge. Therefore multiple stress‐specific cellular pathways impinge on the ability of heat shock proteins to induce physiological thermotolerance. Occludin, a component of tight junctions, is induced in MDCK cells engineered to express high levels of exogenous HSP70, potentially accounting for an elevation in baseline resistance. However neither basal levels of occludin, nor alterations in occludin expression, were correlated with epithelial barrier function in MDCK cells either exposed to elevated temperatures or challenged with cadmium. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Aluminum‐mediated metabolic changes in rat serum and urine: A proton nuclear magnetic resonance study
Authors: Tripathi Sandeep , Somashekar B. S , Mahdi Abbas Ali , Gupta Ashish , Mahdi Farzana , Hasan Mahdi , Roy Raja , Khetrapal C. L. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe toxic effects of Al3+ have been studied in 90‐days AlCl3 orally treated male albino rats (n = 7) using 1H NMR spectroscopy‐based metabolic profile of rat serum and urine, serum enzyme tests, behavioral impairment, and histopathology of kidney and liver. Metabolic profile of 90‐days Al3+‐treated rat sera showed significantly elevated levels of alanine, glutamine, β‐hydroxy‐butyrate, and acetoacetate and significantly decreased level of acetone when compared with that of control rats. However, metabolic profile of 90‐days Al3+‐treated rat urine showed significantly decreased levels of citrate, creatinine, allantoin, trans‐aconitate, and succinate and significantly increased level of acetate when compared to control rats. The overall perturbations observed in the metabolic profile of serum and urine demonstrate the impairment in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, liver and kidney metabolism, which was further reinstated by clinical chemistry and histopathological observations. Moreover, “in vivo” behavioral impairment has also been observed as the indication of aluminum neurotoxicity. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 22:119–127, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20219
Sphingosine can pre‐ and post‐condition heart and utilizes a different mechanism from sphingosine 1‐phosphate
Authors: Vessey Donald A. , Li Luyi , Kelley Michael , Zhang Jianqing , Karliner Joel S 
Published: April 2008

AbstractConsistent with previous reports, sphingosine at a high concentration (5 μM) was cardiotoxic as evidenced by increased infarct size in response to ischemia/reperfusion in an ex vivo rat heart. Sphingosine 1‐phosphate (S1P) at 5 μM was cardioprotective. However, at a physiologic concentration (0.4 μM) sphingosine as well as S1P was effective in protecting the heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury both when perfused prior to 40 min of ischemia (preconditioning) or when added to reperfusion media following ischemia (postconditioning). Protection by sphingosine and S1P was evidenced with both pre‐ and post‐conditioning by a >75% recovery of left ventricular developed pressure during reperfusion and a decrease in infarct size from 45% of the risk area to less than 8%. When VPC23019, an S1P1and3G‐protein coupled receptor antagonist, was added to the preconditioning or postconditioning medium along with S1P, it completely blocked S1P‐induced protection. However, VPC 23019 did not affect the ability of 0.4 μM sphingosine to either precondition or postcondition hearts. Studies of preconditioning revealed that inhibition of protein kinase C with GF109203X blocked preconditioning by S1P. However, GF109203X did not affect preconditioning by 0.4 μM sphingosine. Likewise, cotreatment with the PI3 kinase inhibitor wortmanin blocked preconditioning by S1P but not by sphingosine. By contrast, inhibition of protein kinase G with KT5823 had no effect on S1P preconditioning but completely eliminated preconditioning by sphingosine. Also, the protein kinase A inhibitory peptide 14–22 amide blocked preconditioning by sphingosine but not S1P. These data reveal for the first time that sphingosine is not toxic at physiologic concentrations but rather is a potent cardioprotectant that utilizes a completely different mechanism than S1P; one that is independent of G‐protein coupled receptors and utilizes cyclic nucleotide‐dependent pathways. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 22:113–118, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20227
AKT as locus of fragility in robust cancer system
Authors: Radisavljevic Ziv 
Published: April 2008

AbstractMetastatic cancer is a complex positive feedback loop system. Such as system has a tendency to acquire extreme robustness. Signaling pathways controlling that robustness can fail completely if an essential element from the signaling is removed. That element is a locus of fragility. Targeting that locus represents the best way to target the cancer robustness. This prospect presents another locus of fragility in signaling complex system network, controlling the cell cycle progression through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/RAN pathway and cell migration and angiogenesis through the VEGF/PI3K/AKT/NO/ICAM‐1 pathway. The locus of fragility of these pathways is AKT, which is regulated by a balance of catalase/H2O2 or by AKT inhibitor. Tiny and trivial perturbations such as change in redox state in the cells by antioxidant enzyme catalase, scavenging H2O2 signaling molecule, regulates robust signaling molecule AKT, abolishing its phosporilation and inducing cascading failure of robust signaling pathways for cell growth, proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. An anticancer effect of the antioxidant is achieved through the AKT locus, by abolishing signals from growth factors VEGF, HGF, HIF‐1α and H2O2. Previously reported locus of fragility nitric oxide (NO) and locus AKT are close in the complex signaling interactome network, but they regulate distinct signaling modules. Simultaneously targeted loci represents new principles in cancer robustness chemotherapy by blocking cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and inducing rather slow then fast apoptosis leading to slow eradication of cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 2071–2077, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantitative binomial distribution analyses of nanoscale like‐solute atom clustering and segregation in atom probe tomography data
Authors: Moody Michael P. , Stephenson Leigh T. , Ceguerra Anna V. , Ringer Simon P. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe applicability of the binomial frequency distribution is outlined for the analysis of the evolution nanoscale atomic clustering of dilute solute in an alloy subject to thermal ageing in 3D atom probe data. The conventional χ2 statistics and significance testing are demonstrated to be inappropriate for comparison of quantity of solute segregation present in two or more different sized system. Pearson coefficient, μ, is shown to normalize χ2 with respect to sample size over an order of magnitude. A simple computer simulation is implemented to investigate the binomial analysis and infer meaning in the measured value of μ over a series of systems at different solute concentrations and degree of clustering. The simulations replicate the form of experimental data and demonstrate the effect of detector efficiency to significantly underestimate the measured segregation. The binomial analysis is applied to experimental atom probe data sets and complementary simulations are used to interpret the results. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adaptations in trabecular bone microarchitecture in Olympic athletes determined by 7T MRI
Authors: Chang Gregory , Pakin S. Kubilay , Schweitzer Mark E. , Saha Punam K. , Regatte Ravinder R. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractPurposeTo produce in vivo high‐resolution images of the knee and to determine the feasibility of using 7T MR to detect changes in trabecular bone microarchitecture in elite athletes (Olympic fencers) who undergo high impact activity.Materials and MethodsThe dominant knees of four males from the U.S. Olympic Fencing Team and three matched healthy male controls were scanned in a 7T whole‐body scanner using a quadrature knee coil with three‐dimensional (3D) fast low angle shot (FLASH): 50 axial images at the distal femur (0.156 mm × 0.156 mm) and 80 axial images at the knee joint (0.195 mm × 0.195 mm). Bone volume fraction (BVF) and marrow volume fraction (MVF) images were computed and fuzzy distance transform (FDT) and digital topological analysis (DTA) were applied to determine: trabecular number (Tb.N), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp); BVF (BV/TV); trabecular and marrow space surface‐to‐curve ratio (SC, marker of plate to rod ratio); and trabecular and marrow space erosion index (EI, inverse marker for network connectivity). Quadriceps muscle volume (MV) was calculated as well. We calculated group means and performed two‐tailed t‐tests to determine statistical significance.ResultsCompared to controls, fencers had: decreased Tb.Sp (P = 0.0082 at femur, P = 0.051 at joint); increased Tb.N (P < 0.05 at both femur and joint) and BV/TV (P < 0.001 at both femur and joint); increased trabecular SC and decreased marrow space SC (P < 0.01 at both femur and joint); decreased trabecular EI and increased marrow space EI (P < 0.01 at both femur and joint); and increased MV (P = 0.038). There was no difference in Tb.Th at the distal femur (P = 0.92) or joint (P = 0.71) between groups.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first study to perform 7T MRI of the knee in vivo. Elite athletes who undergo high impact activity have increased MV and improved trabecular bone structure compared to controls. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;27:1089–1095. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.