bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inside Cover: A Synthetic Lectin for O‐Linked β‐N‐Acetylglucosamine (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 10/2009)
Authors: Ferrand Yann , Klein Emmanuel , Barwell Nicholas P. , Crump Matthew P. , Jiménez‐Barbero Jesus , Vicent Cristina , Boons Geert‐Jan , Ingale Sampat , Davis Anthony P. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractCarbohydrates are slippery customers in water. Camouflaged by solvent‐mimicking hydroxy groups, they make challenging targets, even for natural receptors. In their Communication on page 1775 ff., A. P. Davis and co‐workers describe a synthetic receptor that is remarkably effective for the important β‐N‐acetylglucosaminyl (β‐GlcNAC) unit. The affinities of the receptor are good and its selectivities are excellent, even by the standards of natural carbohydrate‐binding proteins.magnified image
Polymer networks with antibacterial activity by UV photopolymerization
Authors: Gozzelino G. , Dell'Aquila G. A. , Tobar D. Romero 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe crosslinking by radical UV photopolymerization of mixtures of acrylic oligomers added with 2,4,4′‐trichloro‐2′‐hydroxydiphenyl ether (TCDPE) allows to obtain polymer films which perform like hygienic coatings. The release of the bioactive compound from two types of acrylic networks obtained by UV crosslinking of polyfunctional monomers, namely, epoxy‐based and urethane‐based diacrylic oligomers, has been investigated. The photopolymerization process was influenced by biocide presence only at high biocide concentration, where the plasticizing effect of the biocide increased the double bond conversion. The kinetic curve of the photopolymerization was fitted by an Avrami‐like equation and the release of TCDPE from the networks into solutions of ethanol–water of different compositions was discussed on the base of the Fick's diffusion equation. The antimicrobial activity of the UV photopolymerized film has been tested by putting the coatings in contact with two types of colony‐forming bacteria, the Escherichia coli (Gram negative) and the Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive). Strong hygienic performances toward the tested pathogens were observed for the urethane and epoxy films containing TCDPE in quantities as low as 0.1 wt %. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Preparation and properties of silver‐containing nylon 6 nanofibers formed by electrospinning
Authors: Park Suk‐Woo , Bae Hyun‐Su , Xing Zhi‐Cai , Kwon Oh Hyeong , Huh Man‐Woo , Kang Inn‐Kyu 
Published: February 2009

AbstractNylon 6 nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles (nylon 6/silver) were successfully prepared by electrospinning. The structure and properties of the electrospun fibers were studied with the aid of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. The structural analysis indicated that the fibers electrospun at maximum conditions were straight and that silver nanoparticles were distributed in the fibers. Finally, the antibacterial activities of the nylon 6/silver nanofiber mats were investigated in a broth dilution test against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram‐positive) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (Gram‐negative) bacteria. It was revealed that nylon 6/silver possessed excellent antibacterial properties and an inhibitory effect on the growth of S. aureus and K. pneumoniae. On the contrary, nylon 6 fibers without silver nanoparticles did not show any such antibacterial activity. Therefore, electrospun nylon 6/silver nanocomposites could be used in water filters, wound dressings, or antiadhesion membranes. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
PAN‐based fibers modified with two‐component ceramic nanoparticles
Authors: Boguń Maciej , Mikołajczyk Teresa 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe authors determined conditions for manufacturing PAN precursor fibers containing a system of two nanoadditives, montmorillonite (MMT), and hydroxyapatite (HAp) in their structure. The PAN precursor fibers thus obtained are characterized by a tenacity of more than 30 cN/tex and a total volume of pores at the level of 0.29 cm3/g. Furthermore, it was found that the use of nanoadditives entails the remodeling of the paracrystalline structure of PAN fibers into a strictly crystalline one. This is accompanied by a decrease in spacing between MMT layers combined with their partial exfoliation. The fibers thus obtained, after being carbonized, will be used for medical applications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of poly(ε‐caprolactone)/cyclodextrin biodegradable composites
Authors: Dong Tungalag , Mori Takafumi , Pan Pengju , Kai Weihua , Zhu Bo , Inoue Yoshio 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)/α‐cyclodextrin (α‐CD) inclusion complex (PCLIC) was successfully prepared, and its effect on the thermal behavior and mechanical properties of PCL was thoroughly studied. It is shown that the addition of PCLIC greatly increased the crystallization rate and thermal stability of the PCL. The Young's modulus and yield strength of PCL/PCLIC composite are about 2 and 1.3 times of the pure PCL, and the elongation at break of the PCL/PCLIC composites kept above 350%, when the PCLIC composition is 15 wt %. It is shown that PCLIC is a good enforcing biofiller for the PCL. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Water‐soluble polymers: Optimization of arsenate species retention by ultrafiltration
Authors: Rivas Bernabé L. , Aguirre María Del Carmen 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe liquid‐phase polymer‐based retention (LPR) technique was employed to study the retention of arsenate species by poly(vinylbenzyl trimethylammonium chloride), P(ClVBTA), and poly[2‐(acryloyloxy)ethyltrimethylammonium chloride], P(ClAETA). The effect of parameters such as polymer concentration, time exposure, competition of sulfate and phosphate anions, and the use of natural systems as drinking water on the retention of As(V) species was analyzed. The mole ratios of polymer : As(V) of (31 : 1), (20 : 1), (10 : 1), (6 : 1), and (3 : 1) by using the washing method at pH 8 and 6 were assayed. The retention capacity was a function of polymer concentration and pH. The optimum mole ratio of polymer : As(V) was (20 : 1) for all pHs studied and all polymeric structures. The polymer's activity recovery assays were performed by washing at pH 2 and 3. A 95% As(V) elimination was achieved from polymers. A study of competition in the presence of other anions was performed at the same polymer : As(V) ratio (20 : 1). At pH 8 and at the same concentration of arsenate anions, sulfate, and phosphate anions, no important competition on arsenic retention was observed. Assays for P(ClVBTA) at pH 8 and mole ratio of polymer : As(V) (20 : 1), (40 : 1), and (60 : 1) using drinking water showed that the efficiency was higher under these conditions for the three As(V) retention cases. An unbuffered system with drinking water was tested for washing and enrichment methods by determining the maximum saturation capacity of the P(ClVBTA) polymer. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Effect of damp‐heat aging on the structures and properties of ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymers with different vinyl acetate contents
Authors: Shi Xu‐Ming , Zhang Jun , Li Deng‐Ru , Chen Shuang‐Jun 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe reported herein the damp‐heat aging of ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA) with different vinyl acetate (VAc) contents simultaneously for weeks. The aging was carried out under temperature of 40°C and relative humidity of 93% in air atmosphere. The changes of copolymers' structures and properties were investigated by means of FTIR, wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and mechanical tests. CI values derived from ATR‐FTIR spectra have a decrease when aging time is 1 week and then increase during damp‐heat aging process which suggests the first loss then incorporation of OC group. WAXD infer that the narrowing trend of FWHM and increase of crystal sizes may attribute to the melting and re‐crystallization of secondary crystallization, which is also confirmed by DSC results. Mechanical tests including Shore A and Shore D hardness, modulus at 100%, tensile strength and elongation at break, are all depending on the primary crystallization and influenced little by damp‐heat aging. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Swelling behavior of poly(MMA‐co‐BA‐co‐PPGDA) polymers
Authors: Bajpai Sweta , Rai J. S. P. , Nigam Indira 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe kinetics of emulsion polymerization of monomers MMA/BA was studied to investigate the effect of cross‐linkable monomer PPGDA. The results showed that by the incorporation of PPGDA, rate constant of reaction decreased. The IR and differential scanning calorimetry were used to characterize the presence of PPGDA in the synthesized polymers. These polymers were coated on glass panels and cured at appropriate temperature. The results showed that the polymer containing 15 wt % PPGDA had minimum value of Fickian diffusion coefficient, thus showing highest level of cross‐linking among all the polymers studied. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Magnetic polymer microspheres with azidocarbonyl groups: Synthesis, characterization and application in protein immobilization
Authors: Guo Na , Wu Daocheng , Pan Xinghua , Lu Maolin 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA novel magnetic polymer microsphere with amide groups and carboxyl groups was synthesized and reported here. The azidocarbonyl groups were derived from amide groups and linked to the proteins to investigate their immobilization capacity. The morphology, size, functional groups and magnetic properties of magnetic microspheres were characterized by optical microscopy, particle size analyzer, atom force microscopy, magnetic force microscopy, fourier transform infrared spectrometer, vibrating‐sample magnetometer and thermal gravimetric analysis. The results indicated that the magnetic polymer microspheres had a well spherical shape with the size ranging from 1 to 10 μm, highly reactive functional groups, superparamagnetism and strong magnetic responsibility with saturation magnetization of 18.443 emu/g and Fe3O4 content around 21%. The immobilization capacity (η) was over 70%. The novel azidocarbonyl magnetic polymer microspheres showed potentials to be a good magnetic support and promising applications in bioseparation and biomedical fields. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
A novel approach for enhancing the catalytic efficiency of a protease at low temperature: Reduction in substrate inhibition by chemical modification
Authors: Siddiqui Khawar Sohail , Parkin Don M. , Curmi Paul M. G. , Francisci Davide De , Poljak Anne , Barrow Kevin , Noble Malcolm H. , Trewhella Jill , Cavicchioli Ricardo 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe alkaline protease, savinase was chemically modified to enhance the productivity of the enzyme at low temperatures on a complex polymeric protein (azocasein) substrate. At 5 and 15°C, savinase modified with ficol or dextran hydrolyzed fivefold more azocasein than the unmodified savinase. Kinetic studies showed that the catalytic improvements are associated with changes in uncompetitive substrate inhibition with Ki values of modified savinases sixfold higher than the unmodified savinase. Modeling of small‐angle scattering data indicates that two substrate molecules bind on opposing sides of the enzyme. The combined kinetic and structural data indicate that the polysaccharide modifier sterically blocks the allosteric site and reduces substrate inhibition. In contrast to the properties of cold‐active enzymes that generally manifest as low activation enthalpy and high flexibility, this study shows that increased activity and productivity at low temperature can be achieved by reducing uncompetitive substrate inhibition, and that this can be achieved using chemical modification with an enzyme in a commercial enzyme‐formulation. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;103: 676–686. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Validation of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-LMC21 questionnaire for assessment of patient-reported outcomes during treatment of colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Blazeby J M , Fayers P , Conroy T , Sezer O , Ramage J , Rees M 
Published: February 2009

Abstract

Background
There is a lack of valid patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures for hepatectomy or palliative treatment of colorectal hepatic metastases. This study examined the validity and reliability of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life questionnaire liver module (QLQ-LMC21) in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer.

Methods
Some 356 patients completed the core questionnaire (QLQ-C30), QLQ-LMC21 and a debriefing questionnaire before and 3 months after hepatectomy or palliative treatment. Construct, criterion and clinical validity were evaluated before and after treatment.

Results
Questionnaire compliance was high; less than 1 per cent of data were missing from individual items. Modifications to the hypothesized scale structure produced four scales and nine single items with good reliability, clinical, criterion and construct validity. The QLQ-LMC21 distinguished between patients selected for surgery or palliative treatment in nine of these 13. Significant changes in PROs were observed before and after treatment. The new module discriminated between clinically distinct groups of patients and measured aspects of quality of life not covered in the core questionnaire.

Conclusion
The EORTC QLQ-LMC21 is a valid and reliable questionnaire module to use with the QLQ-C30 in assessing PROs in hepatectomy or palliative treatment for colorectal liver metastases.
Ten-year experience of totally laparoscopic liver resection in a single institution
Authors: Sasaki A , Nitta H , Otsuka K , Takahara T , Nishizuka S , Wakabayashi G 
Published: February 2009

Abstract

Background
Recent developments in liver surgery include the introduction of laparoscopic liver resection. The aim of the present study was to review a single institution's 10-year experience of totally laparoscopic liver resection (TLLR).

Methods
Between May 1997 and April 2008, 82 patients underwent TLLR for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (37 patients), liver metastases (39) and benign liver lesions (six). Operations included 69 laparoscopic wedge resections, 11 laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomies and two thoracoscopic wedge resections. Nine patients underwent simultaneous laparoscopic resection of colorectal primary cancer and synchronous liver metastases.

Results
Median operating time was 177 (range 70–430) min and blood loss 64 (range 1–917) ml. Median tumour size and surgical margin were 25 (range 15–85) and 6 (range 0–40) mm respectively. One procedure was converted to a laparoscopically assisted hepatectomy. Three patients developed complications. Median postoperative stay was 9 (range 3–37) days. The overall 5-year survival rate after surgery for HCC and colorectal metastases was 53 and 64 per cent respectively.

Conclusion
TLLR can be performed safely for a variety of primary and secondary liver tumours, and seems to offer at least short-term benefits in selected patients.
Interposition graft with polytetrafluoroethylene for mesenteric and portal vein reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Stauffer J A , Dougherty M K , Kim G P , Nguyen J H 
Published: February 2009

Abstract

Background
Portal vein–superior mesenteric vein resection is frequently required after surgical resection of tumours of the pancreas head. The ideal graft for portal vein reconstruction (PVR) remains undefined.

Methods
Between May 2000 and July 2007, 28 patients had portal vein–superior mesenteric vein resection and PVR during pancreaticoduodenectomy. Their clinical reports were reviewed retrospectively with specific attention to the methods of PVR and outcomes.

Results
Ten patients had PVR with primary anastomosis, seven had PVR with autologous vein, one had a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) patch, one did not have PVR and nine had PVR with a PTFE interposition graft. There was no infection after PTFE grafting. Six patients had PVR thrombosis after surgery: four after primary anastomosis, one after interposition PTFE and one after vein repair.

Conclusion
PTFE appeared to be an effective and safe option as an interposition graft for portomesenteric venous reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy.
A pedagogical flight simulator for longitudinal airplane flight
Authors: Tarantino G. , Fazio C. , Sperandeo‐Mineo R. M. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis article presents a bi‐dimensional model of flight and describes the implementation of a flight simulator able to describe the different phases of longitudinal flight of a real airplane. After identifying the relevant physical variables, the equations of motion are written and solved using a numerical integration method. Using computer simulations, flight paths and time evolution of the kinematics variables are analyzed for a complete flight of a light commercial airplane. The simulations take into account and reproduce the basic actions of a pilot to control the flight. The main maneuvers involved in pilotage are also predicted and explained in terms of model parameter variations inducing transitions in the phase space. Finally, the steady‐state configurations are analyzed by means of the linearization of equations in order to gain meaningful information about the dynamical stability of the system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 18: 144–156, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae.20177
An educational tool for power electronics circuits
Authors: Elmas Cetin , Sönmez Yusuf 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this study, an educational tool has been prepared for a shorter term and more economic education of power electronics circuits. In parallel with the improvements of semiconductor technology, the development of power electronics circuits has magnified the importance of either teorical or practical education of power electronics course. The education of power electronic circuits in laboratory is an agelong, costly piece of work. In this study, to overcome the mentioned negativities, a tool has been prepared for the education of power electronic circuits. The tool, which has been prepared on C++ Builder environment has a flexible structure and a graphical interface. It has enabled the analysis of working principles of the circuits and traceability of the system response by the help of graphics, under different conditions created by changing the values of circuit elements. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 18: 157–165, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae.20237
Traditional antegrade approach versus combined antegrade and retrograde approach in the percutaneous treatment of coronary chronic total occlusions
Authors: Hsu Jen Te , Tamai Hideo , Kyo Eisho , Tsuji Takafumi , Watanabe Satoshi 
Published: February 2009

AbstractObjectives: The goal of this study was to compare the antegrade‐approach and bilateral‐approach strategies for chronic total occlusion (CTO). Background: The retrograde approach has been reported for difficult CTO lesions. Methods: This study assessed 96 consecutive patients with 119 CTO lesions. The lesions were treated with either an antegrade approach (A group) or a combined bilateral antegrade and retrograde approach (B group). The specific intervention techniques, in‐hospital success rate, and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) were compared. Results: Lesions with well‐developed septal collaterals with nontortuous microchannels were preferentially chosen for the B group versus A group (P < 0.001 and 0.008, respectively). Compared with the A group, there were more CTO lesions located in the right coronary artery in the B group (P < 0.001). In the B group, the CTO lesions had a longer length and needed stiffer wires for crossing than in the A group (P = 0.001 and 0.046, respectively). The technical success rate was 94% and 86% for the A group and the B group, respectively (P = 0.127). In‐hospital complications were not different between the two groups. The B group needed a higher radiation exposure dose and a greater exposure time than the A group (P < 0.001). In the B group, use of the retrograde method significantly increased the final success rate. Conclusions: These results suggest that all CTO lesions should first be managed with an antegrade approach. When there is difficulty crossing the lesion, switching to a bilateral approach is an option for lesions with well‐developed collaterals. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regression and correlation for 3 × 3 rotation matrices
Authors: Rivest Louis‐Paul , Chang Ted 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper investigates a regression model for orthogonal matrices introduced by Prentice (1989). It focuses on the special case of 3 × 3 rotation matrices. The model under study expresses the dependent rotation matrixVasA1UAt2perturbed by experimental errors, whereA1andA2are unknown 3 × 3 rotation matrices andUis an explanatory 3 × 3 rotation matrix. Several specifications for the errors in this regression model are proposed. The asymptotic distributions, as the sample size n becomes large or as the experimental errors become small, of the least squares estimators forA1andA2are derived. A new algorithm for calculating the least squares estimates ofA1andA2is presented. The independence model is not a submodel of Prentice's regression model, thus the independence between theUand theVsample cannot be tested when fitting Prentice's model. To overcome this difficulty, permutation tests of independence are investigated. Examples dealing with postural variations of subjects performing a drilling task and with the calibration of a camera system for motion analysis using a magnetic tracking device illustrate the methodology of this paper.
Interval estimation via tail functions
Authors: Puza Borek , O'Neill Terence 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe authors describe a new method for constructing confidence intervals. Their idea consists in specifying the cutoff points in terms of a function of the target parameter rather than as constants. When it is suitably chosen, this so‐called tail function yields shorter confidence intervals in the presence of prior information. It can also be used to improve the coverage properties of approximate confidence intervals. The authors illustrate their technique by application to interval estimation of the mean of Bernoulli and normal populations. They further suggest guidelines for choosing the optimal tail function and discuss the relationship with Bayesian inference.
Corrected local polynomial estimation in varying‐coefficient models with measurement errors
Authors: You Jinhong , Zhou Yong , Chen Gemai 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe authors study a varying‐coefficient regression model in which some of the covariates are measured with additive errors. They find that the usual local linear estimator (LLE) of the coefficient functions is biased and that the usual correction for attenuation fails to work. They propose a corrected LLE and show that it is consistent and asymptotically normal, and they also construct a consistent estimator for the model error variance. They then extend the generalized likelihood technique to develop a goodness of fit test for the model. They evaluate these various procedures through simulation studies and use them to analyze data from the Framingham Heart Study.