bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of fluid volume conductance to assess bladder volume
Authors: Gill Bradley C. , Fletter Paul C. , Zaszczurynski Paul J. , Perlin Alfred , Yachia Daniel , Damaser Margot S. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAimAmbulatory urodynamics has the potential to provide measurements of bladder function during activities of daily living; however, no method of real‐time continuous bladder volume measurement exists. The present study was conducted to determine the feasibility of using fluid volume conductance to continuously assess bladder volume.MethodsPrototype devices consisted of four electrodes mounted on a polymer body. Each was tested in an in vitro organ bath system using latex vessels filled to 500 ml with saline matching the conductivity of urine. One device was selected and used to test the effects of fluid concentration (25%, 50%, 100%, 200%, and 400% physiological saline) in latex vessels as well as the effects of fluid concentration (25%, 50%, 100%, 200%, and 400% Tyrodes solution) and temperature (32, 37, and 42°C) in excised pig bladders.ResultsConductance demonstrated a linear increase at low volumes but approached an asymptotic value at high volumes. Conductivity increased with increased temperature or concentration. With the exception of the differences between 25% and 50% concentrations, 32°C and 37°C, and 37°C and 42°C temperatures, each concentration and temperature produced statistically different conductance measurements from all others.ConclusionsThe conductance method is sensitive to changes in both concentration and temperature of the intravesical solution, likely due to changes in solution conductivity. Clinical application of conductance for measurement of bladder volume will require real‐time conductivity compensation for the dynamically varying properties of urine. However, improved sensitivity at high volumes is necessary before this method has the potential to provide real‐time bladder volume measurement for use in ambulatory urodynamics. Neurourol. Urodynam. 27:525–531, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Solvent effects on ion pairing of tetra‐n‐butylammonium cyanide. A conductometric study
Authors: MacMillar Susanna , Fang Yao‐ren , Westaway Kenneth C. , Matsson Olle , Beronius Per 
Published: December 2007

AbstractTetra‐n‐butylammonium cyanide (n‐Bu4NCN) is a commonly used reagent, for example, for the synthesis of nitriles. Recently n‐Bu4NCN has been used as the nucleophilic reagent in kinetic isotope effect studies of nucleophilic aliphatic substitution reactions. The present research concerns the aggregation status (dissociated ions, ion pairs, higher aggregates) and transport properties of n‐Bu4NCN in water, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and tetrahydrofuran (THF), at 25°C as studied by means of precision conductometry. These properties are of great importance since both non‐polar and dipolar aprotic solvents are commonly used in the applications. In water as solvent the equilibrium constant for ion‐pair formation, Kp = 10.1 and the limiting molar conductivity, Λo = 102.4 cm2 Ω−1 mol−1. The corresponding values for DMSO are Kp = 1.98 ± 0.19 and Λo = 34.59 ± 0.03 cm2 Ω−1 mol−1. These data imply that the degree of dissociation, in contrast to the expectations, is higher in DMSO than in water at the same salt concentration. In THF, the conductance as a function of concentration shows a minimum typical for solvents with low relative permittivity, indicating the formation of higher aggregates. The equilibrium constant for ion‐pair formation and conductivity in THF is Kp = 58.4 × 103 and Λo = 9.81 cm2 Ω−1 mol−1. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and electro‐optical properties of light‐emitting polymers containing oxadiazole derivatives for light‐emitting diodes applications
Authors: Kim Sung‐Chul , Park Seung‐Min , Park Jin Soo , Lee Seung‐Joon , Jin Sung‐Ho , Gal Yeong‐Soon , Lee Jae Wook 
Published: December 2007

AbstractTwo PPV‐based bipolar polymers containing 1,3,4‐oxadiazole pendant groups were synthesized via the Gilch polymerization reaction for use in light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). The resulting polymers were characterized using 1H and 13C NMR, elemental analysis, DSC, and TGA. These polymers were found to be soluble in common organic solvents and are easily spin‐coated onto glass substrates, producing high optical quality thin films without defects. The electro‐optical properties of ITO/PEDOT/polymer/Al devices based on these polymers were investigated using UV‐visible, PL, and EL spectroscopy. The turn‐on voltages of the OC1Oxa‐PPV and OC10Oxa‐PPV devices were found to be 8.0 V. The maximum brightness and luminescence efficiency of the OC1Oxa‐PPV device were found to be 544 cd/m2 at 19 V and 0.15 cd/A, respectively. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 1098–1110, 2008
Measuring the regret of bereaved family members regarding the decision to admit cancer patients to palliative care units
Authors: Shiozaki M. , Hirai K. , Dohke R. , Morita T. , Miyashita M. , Sato K. , Tsuneto S. , Shima Y. , Uchitomi Y. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractObjective: The purposes of this study were to develop a bereaved family regret scale measuring decision‐related regret of family members about the admission of cancer patients to palliative care units (PCUs) and to examine the validity and reliability of this scale.Method: Bereaved families of cancer patients who had died in one regional cancer center from September 2004 to February 2006 received a cross‐sectional questionnaire by mail. The questionnaire contained seven items pertaining to decision‐related regret about the patient's admission to the PCU, the Care Evaluation Scale (CES), an overall care satisfaction scale, and a health‐related quality‐of‐life (QOL) scale (SF‐8). One month after receiving a completed questionnaire, we conducted a retest with the respondent.Results: Of the 216 questionnaires successfully mailed to the bereaved families, we received 137 questionnaires and were able to analyze the responses for 127 of them, as the other 10 had missing data. By exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, we identified two key factors: intrusive thoughts of regret and decisional regret. This scale had sufficient convergent validity with CES, overall care satisfaction, SF‐8, sufficient internal consistency, and acceptable test–retest reliability.Conclusion: We have developed and validated a new regret scale for bereaved family members, which can measure their intensity of regret and their self‐evaluation about their decision to admit their loved ones to PCUs. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ab‐initio thermodynamic calculations of Mg2BIV (BIV = Si, Ge, Sn) solid solutions
Authors: Zhang Q. , Zhao X. B. , Zhu T. J. , Tu J. P. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe thermodynamic properties of ternary Mg2BIV (BIV = Si, Ge, Sn) solid solutions were first calculated by the ab‐initio density functional method. The results showed that there exist composition regions with d2G /dx2 < 0 in Mg2Si1–x Snx and Mg2Ge1–x Snx systems, implying the possibility of spinodal decomposition of the pseudobinary solid solutions. It is suggested that the spinodal decomposition would be a potential way to obtain Mg2BIV based bulk in‐situ nanocomposites with reduced grain sizes and enhanced phonon scattering, and hence an improved thermoelectric figure of merit. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The tall buildings initiative for alternative seismic design
Authors: Moehle Jack P. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWhereas current building codes legally apply to the seismic design of tall buildings, their prescriptive provisions do not adequately address many critical aspects. The alternative provisions clause of building codes provides an alternative to the prescriptive provisions through a performance‐based approach. Application of performance‐based procedures requires a clear definition of performance objectives, procedures for selecting and scaling earthquake ground motions for design, nonlinear modelling and simulation methods that produce reliable estimates of the design demands, criteria for measuring whether calculated demands are acceptable, and a framework for the design and review of alternative‐design buildings. The Tall Buildings Initiative was initiated among a consortium of interested parties to develop the required information, including written guidelines, through a series of research tasks and workshops. The activities of the Tall Buildings Initiative are described. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Performance‐based design of ductile concrete core wall buildings—issues to consider before detailed analysis
Authors: Klemencic Ron , Fry J. Andrew , Hooper John D. , Morgen Brian G. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBased on experience from the design of 20 concrete ductile core wall buildings using performance‐based design concepts and a sample design for a high‐rise concrete core wall building performed for the Los Angeles Tall Buildings Structural Design Council, several important issues to be considered before embarking on a detailed analysis have been identified. Nonlinear response history analysis for large, complicated structures can consume many hours of engineering effort. It is always advisable to understand as much as possible about the anticipated building behaviour before beginning this analysis. Performance objectives should be clearly identified for both frequent and maximum considered earthquakes. In particular, acceptable performance at serviceability levels should be understood, as current building codes do not provide much guidance. Factors such as anticipated demand on the lateral system, building height, soil type and seismic hazard should all be considered before running computer models, so appropriate cracking assumptions can be made. Even the design spectra themselves can be indicators of anticipated higher mode effects that may govern design. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Imaging of gynecological disease (2): clinical and ultrasound characteristics of Sertoli cell tumors, Sertoli–Leydig cell tumors and Leydig cell tumors
Authors: Demidov V. N. , Lipatenkova J. , Vikhareva O. , Van Holsbeke C. , Timmerman D. , Valentin L. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the clinical history and ultrasound findings in women with ovarian Sertoli cell, Sertoli–Leydig cell and Leydig cell tumors.MethodsWomen with a histological diagnosis of Sertoli cell tumor, Sertoli–Leydig cell tumor or Leydig cell tumor who had undergone preoperative ultrasound examination were identified from the databases of each of three participating ultrasound centers. The tumors were characterized on the basis of ultrasound images, ultrasound reports and research protocols (when applicable) using the terms and definitions published by the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) group. In addition, all images were reviewed and described using pattern recognition.ResultsOf 22 patients identified, 15 had Sertoli–Leydig cell tumors, two had Sertoli cell tumors and five had Leydig cell tumors. Four patients were postmenopausal, one 48‐year‐old woman had undergone hysterectomy, 16 were of fertile age and one was a 4‐year‐old girl. Most patients (82%, 18/22) had endocrine symptoms, the most common being bleeding disturbance (64%, 14/22) and hirsutism (32%, 7/22). Twenty‐two (96%) of 23 tumors (one woman had bilateral tumors) contained a solid component; 16 (70%) were purely solid. Pattern recognition showed that the Leydig cell tumors were small solid tumors (four of five had a largest diameter of 1–3 cm) and the two Sertoli cell tumors were somewhat larger solid tumors (4 cm and 7 cm); the Sertoli–Leydig cell tumors were either small (3–4 cm) or medium‐sized (6–7 cm) solid tumors, or multilocular solid tumors of any size (3–18 cm) with purely solid areas mixed with areas of innumerable closely packed small cyst locules.ConclusionsOn the basis of endocrine symptoms, the woman's age and ultrasound findings, it should be possible to suggest a correct preoperative diagnosis of Sertoli cell, Sertoli–Leydig cell or Leydig cell tumors in many cases. Copyright © 2007 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Automated retrieval of standard diagnostic fetal cardiac ultrasound planes in the second trimester of pregnancy: a prospective evaluation of software
Authors: Abuhamad A. , Falkensammer P. , Reichartseder F. , Zhao Y. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate prospectively the performance of software that automatically retrieves, from a three‐dimensional (3D) volume of the fetal chest, three diagnostic cardiac planes in the second trimester of pregnancy.Methods3D static volumes of the fetal chest were acquired at the level of the four‐chamber view in 72 fetuses between 18 and 23 weeks of gestation. Standardization of 3D volumes was performed in Plane A (the reference plane: four‐chamber view) alone. Tomographic ultrasound imaging (TUI) was added to the display of each diagnostic plane. The left ventricular outflow plane (Cardiac plane 1: five‐chamber view, aorta), the right ventricular outflow plane (Cardiac plane 2: pulmonary artery) and the abdominal circumference plane (Cardiac plane 3: abdominal circumference, stomach) were retrieved by the software from the 3D volumes and the data were analyzed to determine whether Cardiac planes 1–3 were displayed correctly in each volume.ResultsThe automated software displayed, in at least one TUI plane, target Cardiac plane 1 in 94.4% of volumes, target Cardiac plane 2 in 91.7% of volumes and target Cardiac plane 3 in 97.2% of volumes.ConclusionOur results validate the concept of automated sonography and its potential clinical applicability. Copyright © 2007 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maternal cardiovascular function in pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction
Authors: Prefumo F. , Muiesan M. L. , Perini R. , Paini A. , Bonzi B. , Lojacono A. , Agabiti‐Rosei E. , Frusca T. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate maternal cardiovascular function in pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).MethodsMaternal echocardiography and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring were performed in pregnancies complicated by IUGR (n = 12) and controls (n = 12), all of whom were normotensive at enrollment.ResultsCompared to controls, maternal blood pressure (P = 0.016) and total vascular resistance (P = 0.008) were higher in IUGR pregnancies. Heart rate was lower (P = 0.003), as was systolic function expressed by midwall fractional shortening (P = 0.04). No significant differences between the two groups were observed for left atrial or left ventricular dimensions, nor for left ventricular geometry. Assessment of diastolic function by means of transmitral Doppler flow measurements revealed a significantly longer isovolumetric relaxation time in pregnancies with IUGR (P = 0.006).ConclusionsIn normotensive pregnancies complicated by IUGR, as compared to controls, there is decreased diastolic and systolic maternal cardiac function, and a higher blood pressure. Copyright © 2007 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, Structures and Properties of Four Coordination Polymers Constructed from 5‐Nitroisophthalate and Benzimidazole Ligand
Authors: Ye Jun‐Wei , Li Di , Ye Kai‐Qi , Liu Yu , Zhao Yun‐Feng , Zhang Ping 
Published: December 2007

AbstractFour coordination polymers, [Cu(NIPH)(Bim)2]n (1), [Co(NIPH)(Bim)2]n (2), [Zn(NIPH)(Bim)]n (3), and [Cd(NIPH)(Bim)(H2O)]n (4) (NIPH = 5‐nitroisophthalate and Bim = benzimidazole) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TGA and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The crystal structural analyses reveal that 1 and 2 are composed of zig‐zag chains and straight line chains, respectively. 3 and 4 are constructed by double‐stranded loop‐like chains. All these chain‐like structures are finally packed into three‐dimensional networks through hydrogen bonds. Thermogravimetic analyses (TGA) of 1–4 and temperature‐dependent magnetic susceptibilities of 1 have been performed.
Manganese(II) Coordination Polymers [{Mn(tren)}(As2Se4)] and [{Mn(tren)}(As4Se7)] with Infinite Selenidoarsenate(III) Chains $^{1}_{\infty}\rm [AsSe_{2}^{-}]$ and $^{1}_{\infty}\rm [As_{4}Se_{7}^{2-}]$
Authors: Kromm Anna , Sheldrick William S. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractSolvothermal reaction of [MnCl2(tren)] with elemental As and Se at 1:1:2 and 1:6:12 molar ratios in H2O/tren (10:1) affords the 1D coordination polymers [{Mn(tren)}(As2Se4)] (1) and [{Mn(tren)}(As4Se7)] (2), respectively. 1 contains vierer infinite $^{1}_{\infty}\rm [AsSe_{2}^{-}]$ chains, which coordinate [(tren)Mn]2+ fragments through every second terminal Se atom of their corner‐sharing pyramidal AsSe3 building units. The $^{1}_{\infty}\rm [As_{4}Se_{7}^{2-}]$ double chains of compound 2 are related to the $^{1}_{\infty}\rm [AsSe_{2}^{-}]$ chains 1 by a simple rearrangement of the connectivity pattern between the participating AsSe3 pyramids and contain condensed centrosymmetric As8Se8 and As4Se4 rings.
Coordination Chemistry of Acrylamide. 6 Synthesis and Coordination Compounds of N‐Pyrazolylpropanamide – a Versatile Acrylamide‐derived Ligand
Authors: Girma Kibatu B. , Lorenz Volker , Blaurock Steffen , Edelmann Frank T. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe syntheses, spectroscopy and single crystal X‐ray structures of the multifunctional acrylamide‐derived ligand N‐pyrazolylpropanamide (= L) (1), and its complexes [L2CuCl2] (2) and [L4Co3Cl6] (3) with copper(II) and cobalt(II) chlorides, respectively, are described. The ligand 1 is easily obtained in one step by the reaction of pyrazole with acrylamide in a 1:1 molar ratio in the presence of trimethylbenzylammonium hydroxide as a basic catalyst. The reaction of CuCl2·2H2O with 1 in a 1:2 metal salt:ligand molar ratio in ethanol/‐triethylorthoformate solution gave coordination compound 2. The crystal structure of 2 contains two seven‐membered chelate rings formed by two nitrogen atoms of the pyrazolyl groups and two weakly coordinated carbonyl oxygen atoms of the substituted amide moieties. Two chloride ions in the axial positions complete a distorted octahedral coordination environment around the CuII atom. The reaction of CoCl2·6H2O with 1 in a 1:2 metal salt:ligand molar ratio afforded the unusual zwitterionic complex 3. The crystal structure of 3 contains a central cobalt atom in an octahedral coordination surrounded by four ligands in which two of them act as chelate ligands and the other two, coordinated via the carbonyl oxygen atoms of the amide moieties to this metal center, act as bridging ligands bonded to two CoCl3− units.
Hydrothermal Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Properties of Two Novel 3‐D Lanthanide(III) Coordination Polymers Constructed with Mixed Heterocyclic Carboxylic Acid
Authors: Xie Chengzhi , Zhang Baofeng , Wang Xiaoqing , Yu Bin , Wang Ruji , Shen Guangqiu 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe hydrothermal reactions of Ln2O3 (Ln = Nd and Eu) with pyridine‐2,5‐dicarboxylic acid (H2pydc) resulted in the formation of two isomorphic three‐dimensional (3D) polymeric LnIII complexes, [Ln(pydc)(nic)·H2O]n (Ln = Nd(1) and Eu(2)), in which nic (nicotinate; also named as pyridine‐2‐carboxylic acid) might have been formed from the pydc ligands through the C–C bond cleavage and CO2 molecules releasing. Pydc ligands bridge lanthanide centers to form the three‐dimensional framework featuring hexagonal channels along the axis a which are occupied by bridging nic anions and mono‐coordinated water molecules. From the topological point of view, two three‐dimensional nets are binodal with six‐ and three‐connected nodes, which display a distorted rutile (4.62)2(42·610·83) topology. Magnetic measurements (2‐300 K) reveal that all polymers possess weak antiferromagnetic property. A strong fluorescence emission spectrum of compound 2 was observed.
Interannular Nitrogen‐Lithium Bridges in Ferrocenophanes
Authors: Wrackmeyer Bernd , Klimkina Elena V. , Milius Wolfgang 
Published: December 2007

Abstract1,1′‐Bis(trimethylsilylamino)ferrocene (1) reacts with two equivalents of butyllithium to give the N,N′‐dilithiated amide (2) which has already served in the synthesis of various 1,n‐diaza‐(n)ferrocenophanes (n ≥ 3). Addition of pyridine affords the dipyridine adduct 3 which could be isolated and characterised in the solid state by X‐ray crystallography. An N2Li2 bridge is present in 3, and each lithium atom bears one pyridine ligand. From multinuclear magnetic resonance studies (1H, 7Li, 13C, 29Si, 31P NMR) it appears that important features of the solid state structure of 3 are retained in solution, in particular in the presence of ether or HMPTA [O=P(NMe2)3], whereas the structure is likely to be different in the absence of donor ligands. The optimised gas phase structures [B3LYP/6‐311+G(d,p) level of theory] of the parent compound fc(NHLi‐NH3)2 corresponds closely to that of 3, whereas that of fc(NHLi)2 reveals an unsymmetrical N2Li2 bridge with one of the lithium atoms in closer contact to the substituted carbon atoms (C1 and C1′) of the cyclopentadienyl rings.
Molekülkomplexe und Koordinationspolymere des zweiwertigen Quecksilbers mit dem 4‐N‐Liganden 6,7‐Dimethyl‐2,3‐di‐(2′‐pyridyl)‐chinoxalin (Dpc)
Authors: Nolte Matthias , Pantenburg Ingo , Meyer Gerd 
Published: December 2007

AbstractMolecular Complexes and Coordination Polymers of Divalent Mercury with the 4‐N‐Ligand 6,7‐Dimethyl‐2,3‐di‐(2′‐pyridyl)‐chinoxaline (Dpc)Single crystals of six 6,7‐dimethyl‐2,3‐di‐(2′‐pyridyl)‐chinoxaline (Dpc) complexes of divalent mercury with –CF3, ‐SCN, ‐NO3, ‐I, ‐Br, and ‐Cl as the ligands have been obtained mostly by slow evaporation of solutions of the mercuric salts Hg(CF3)2, Hg(SCN)2, Hg(NO3)2, HgI2, HgBr2, or HgCl2 and Dpc. The crystal structures were determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction: [Hg(CF3)2(Dpc)] (1) [monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 815.7(1), b = 2780.2(4), c = 1036.5(1) pm, β = 99.78(1)°, V = 2316.5(4) 106 pm3, Z = 4, R1 [I0 > 2σ(I0)] = 0.0334], [Hg(SCN)2(Dpc)] (2) [triclinic, $\rm P{\bar 1}$ (no. 2), a = 817.4(2), b = 1075.8(2), c = 1427.0(3) pm, α = 110.48(2), β = 103.02(3), γ = 94.42(3)°, V = 1128.5(4) 106 pm3, Z = 2, R1 [I0 > 2σ(I0)] = 0.0425], [(HgCl2)2(Dpc)](CH3CN) (3) [triclinic, $\rm P{\bar 1}$ (no. 2), a = 942.8(1), b = 950.6(1), c = 1486.9(2) pm, α = 80.18(1), β = 79.57(1), γ = 87.73(1)°, V = 1291.3(3) 106 pm3, Z = 2, R1 [I0 > 2σ(I0)] = 0.0469], [HgBr2(Dpc)] (4) [monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 792.9(1), b = 2411.5(5), c = 1261.5(2) pm, β = 102.11(2)°, V = 2358.5(6) 106 pm3, Z = 4, R1 [I0 > 2σ(I0)] = 0.0354], [HgI2(Dpc)] (5), [monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 4162.2(17), b = 747.8(2), c = 1509.4(5) pm, β = 111.16(3)°, V = 4369.0(20) 106 pm3, Z = 8, R1 [I0>2σ(I0)] = 0.0547], [Hg(NO3)2(Dpc)](H2O) (6) [monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 1256.1(2), b = 1257.8(2), c = 1482.1(3) pm, β = 116.44(1)°, V = 2096.6(6) 106 pm3, Z = 4, R1 [I0 > 2σ(I0)] = 0.0414]. The crystal structures of 2, 3 and 5 consist of molecular complexes, those of 1, 4 und 6 exhibit coordination polymers. In all cases, HgII has a characteristic coordination number of, essentially, CN = 2, to different ligator atoms, C in 1, S in 2, Cl, Br, and I in 3‐5 as well as N in 6.
Anhydrous Neodymium(III) Acetate
Authors: Gomez Torres Sonia , Meyer Gerd 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAnhydrous neodymium(III) acetate, Nd(OAc)3 was obtained as light purple single crystals by direct oxidation of neodymium metal with malonic acid in a glass ampoule at 180 °C. It crystallizes with the monoclinic space group P21/a (no. 14) with a = 2201.7(2), b = 1850.0(1), c = 2419.0(3) pm, β = 96.127(8)°, V = 9796.8(1)·106·pm3, Z = 40 [Nd(OAc)3], R1 = 0.0430 [I0 > 2σ(I0)]. Most of the Nd3+ cations are coordinated by nine (or eight) oxygen atoms of acetate ligands which bridge these polyhedra to slightly waved layers which are stacked in the [010] direction.