bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and correlates of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease without dementia
Authors: Kulisevsky Jaime , Pagonabarraga Javier , Pascual‐Sedano Berta , García‐Sánchez Carmen , Gironell Alexandre ,   Trapecio Group Study
Published: August 2008

AbstractA cross‐sectional study of the profile of psychiatric symptoms and their relationships to medications, executive performance, and excessive daytime somnolence (EDS) was conducted on 1351 consecutive Parkinson's disease patients without dementia (PD‐ND). Ratings were: neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI); hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS); executive performance (semantic, phonemic, and alternating verbal fluencies); and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). Eighty‐seven percent of the subjects reported at least one psychiatric symptom. The most common were depression (70%), anxiety (69%), apathy (48%), and irritability (47%). Fifty percent of the patients had HADS‐depression scores ranging from possible (8–10; 22%) to probable (≥11; 28%) depression. Executive impairment was found in 41% and EDS in 26% of subjects. All considered variables were significantly more common with longer duration and more severe disease. Only depression appeared to be influenced by type of medication, being less prevalent among patients treated with DAs. Five NPI clusters were identified among patients scoring ≥1 on the NPI (87.3%): patients exhibiting predominantly apathy (12.7%), psychosis (3%), depression (13%), anxiety (15.6%), and “low‐total NPI” (43.2%). Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in nondemented PD patients suggesting that they are an integral part of PD from the beginning of the disease and appears more related to disease progression than to the type of antiparkinsonian medication. Apathy emerged as an independent construct in PD‐ND, indicating the need to address specific therapeutical approaches targeted toward this particular symptom. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
A comparative study of physical performance measures in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Tanji Haruko , Gruber‐Baldini Ann L. , Anderson Karen E. , Pretzer‐Aboff Ingrid , Reich Stephen G. , Fishman Paul S. , Weiner William J. , Shulman Lisa M. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe objective of this study is to compare physical performance measures for their ability to discriminate between levels of disability and disease severity in Parkinson's disease (PD). Disability in PD is commonly assessed by patient self‐report, which may be limited by patient insight. Methods: Seventy‐nine patients with PD were tested with seven performance measures: Physical Performance Test (PPT), modified Physical Performance Test (mPPT), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Performance Test of Activities of Daily Living (PADL), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go (TUG), and Functional Reach (FR). These measures were compared with patient‐reported disability on the Older Americans Resource and Services Disability subscale (OARS) and disease severity on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). The performance measures were more sensitive to levels of disease severity than disability. Four measures discriminated across quartiles of disability (PPT, mPPT, BBS, TUG:P< 0.05), whereas all seven measures discriminated across quartiles of the Total UPDRS (PPT, mPPT, BBS, TUG, FR:P< 0.01; SPPB, PADL:P< 0.05). However, no measure consistently discriminated between subgroups with a range of early and advanced disease severity. The seven physical performance measures showed different profiles of strengths and weaknesses in assessing disability and disease severity. The results of this study will facilitate choosing performance measures for clinical care and clinical trials in PD. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Visual object recognition and attention in Parkinson's disease patients with visual hallucinations
Authors: Meppelink Anne Marthe , Koerts Janneke , Borg Maarten , Leenders Klaus Leonard , van Laar Teus 
Published: August 2008

AbstractVisual hallucinations (VH) are common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and are hypothesized to be due to impaired visual perception and attention deficits. We investigated whether PD patients with VH showed attention deficits, a more specific impairment of higher order visual perception, or both. Forty‐two volunteers participated in this study, including 14 PD patients with VH, 14 PD patients without VH and 14 healthy controls (HC), matched for age, gender, education level and for level of executive function. We created movies with images of animals, people, and objects dynamically appearing out of random noise. Time until recognition of the image was recorded. Sustained attention was tested using the Test of Attentional Performance. PD patients with VH recognized all images but were significantly slower in image recognition than both PD patients without VH and HC. PD patients with VH showed decreased sustained attention compared to PD patients without VH who again performed worse than HC. In conclusion, the recognition of objects is intact in PD patients with VH; however, these patients where significantly slower in image recognition than patients without VH and HC, which was not explained by executive dysfunction. Both image recognition speed and sustained attention decline in PD, in a more progressive way if VH start to occur. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Mathematical models of vaccine inventory design for a breakout of epidemic disease
Authors: Liu Yifan 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe aim at building up the mathematical models, which could be used to derive the necessary stockpile levels for the vaccine, in order to meet the urgent need, due to a natural breakout of an epidemic disease, or due to a bio‐terror attack. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effects of the hydroxyl value of polyol in rigid polyurethane foams
Authors: Lim Ho , Kim Sung Hee , Kim Byung Kyu 
Published: August 2008

AbstractRigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) have been fabricated from crude MDI (CMDI) and polypropylene glycols (PPGs) of various hydroxyl values (OHVs) of 300–600 with an environmentally friendly blowing agent (HFC 365mfc). The closed cell content, compression strength, and dimensional stability of the foam increased with increase in the OHV due to the increased crosslink density, which was evidenced from the increased glass transition temperature (Tg). The cream time, gel time, tack‐free time, and density of the foam showed a minimum at 500OHV. The decrease and increase around the minimum were, respectively, interpreted in terms of increased mixture mobility and extensive allophanate crosslinks, which retard gelling as well as foaming reactions. The thermal conductivity also showed a small minimum at 500OHV. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cluster TOF‐SIMS imaging: A new light for in situ metabolomics?
Authors: Mas Sebastian , Perez Raul , Martinez‐Pinna Roxana , Egido Jesus , Vivanco Fernando 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe advent of metal cluster as a primary ion source in the late 1980s, made it feasible to probe surfaces for complex organic structures due to a reduced in‐source fragmentation, and opened the door to the direct analysis of biological samples. Despite the mass range measurable by TOF‐secondary ion MS (SIMS) still being rather limited, the information obtained from cells and tissues comes together with the technical innovations introduced in the last decade. In this article, we give a brief overview of the technique itself and make some emphasis on the advances in the last three years in the analysis of biological surfaces, particularly those with direct implication in the biomedical field; reviewing what kind of information this instrumentation will add to current tool in pathology.
Time‐dependent evolution of tissue markers by MALDI‐MS imaging
Authors: Goodwin Richard J. A. , Dungworth Jessica C. , Cobb Stuart R. , Pitt Andrew R. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe have used MALDI‐MS imaging (MALDI‐MSI) to monitor the time dependent appearance and loss of signals when tissue slices are brought rapidly to room temperature for short to medium periods of time. Sections from mouse brain were cut in a cryostat microtome, placed on a MALDI target and allowed to warm to room temperature for 30 s to 3 h. Sections were then refrozen, fixed by ethanol treatment and analysed by MALDI‐MSI. The intensity of a range of markers were seen to vary across the time course, both increasing and decreasing, with the intensity of some markers changing significantly within 30 s and markers also showed tissue location specific evolution. The markers resulting from this autolysis were compared directly to those that evolved in a comparable 16 h on‐tissue trypsin digest, and the markers that evolved in the two studies were seen to be substantially different. These changes offer an important additional level of location‐dependent information for mapping changes and seeking disease‐dependent biomarkers in the tissue. They also indicate that considerable care is required to allow comparison of biomarkers between MALDI‐MSI experiments and also has implications for the standard practice of thaw‐mounting multiple tissue sections onto MALDI‐MS targets.
Phase separation in SiOx films annealed under enhanced hydrostatic pressure
Authors: Rudko G. Yu. , Maidanchuk I. Yu. , Indutnyy I. Z. , Misiuk A. , Gule E. G. , Shepeliavyi P. E. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe effect of enhanced hydrostatic pressure (HP, (10–12) × 108 Pa) on thermally stimulated phase decomposition of silicon suboxide layers processed at 450–1000 °C was investigated by infrared spectroscopy and photoluminescence measurements. HP stimulates decomposition of non‐stoichiometric SiOx most efficiently at about 450 °C. In spite of enhanced SiOx decomposition, visible photoluminescence appears in HP‐treated samples at higher annealing temperatures in comparison to those annealed under ambient pressure (AP, 105 Pa). Contrary to that, application of HP results in essential enhancement of near‐infrared emission at lower annealing temperatures as compared to processing under AP. This can be related to pressure‐stimulated crystallization of Si inclusions. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The doping effects in δ‐Bi2O3 oxide ionic conductor
Authors: Zhong Guohua , Wang Jianglong , Zeng Zhi 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe structural stability and oxygen ionic movement in doped δ‐phase Bi2O3 have been investigated in terms of density‐functional theory using the full‐potential linearized augmented plane‐wave method. With variations of impurity concentration in supercell Bi16–x Mx O24, total energies and densities of states were calculated for different impurities M. Doped with Ca, Sr, La, Gd or Sm, the ionic conductivity monotonically decreases, while an initial increase in ionic conductivity followed by a decrease is observed when doped with Y, Tb, Dy, Er or Tm. A maximum conductivity is obtained with enhancing impurity concentration x. Our results support the mechanism of effective oxygen vacancies. It is also found that the system is more stable when the distance between impurities is larger. Additionally, the more stabilized δ‐phase Bi2O3 is obtained by doping rare‐earth atoms. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Fragmentation pathways of heroin‐related alkaloids revealed by ion trap and quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Zhengxiang , Yan Bo , Liu Kelin , Bo Tao , Liao Yiping , Liu Huwei 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe electrospray ionization (ESI) ion trap and quadrupole time‐of‐flight (QqToF) mass spectra of heroin and seven related alkaloids, i.e., morphine, codeine, O‐6‐monoacetylmorphine (6‐MAM), thebaine, acetylcodeine, papaverine and narcotine, have been extensively investigated in this work. The ESI mass spectrometric fragmentation pathways of protonated 6‐MAM, heroin, acetylcodeine, and thebaine were comprehensively elucidated for the first time with the aid of high‐resolution mass spectrometry. It was found that cleavage of the piperidine ring was the featured fragmentation route of six of the compounds, although not of papaverine and narcotine. In addition, a simple high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)‐based separation method gave baseline resolution of all eight components. This study could play an important role in the screening for these alkaloids in different matrices by HPLC coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photoactivation of CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots Embedded in Silica Colloids
Authors: Dembski Sofia , Graf Christina , Krüger Tim , Gbureck Uwe , Ewald Andrea , Bock Anne , Rühl Eckart 
Published: August 2008

AbstractA study of the influence of the local environment on the light‐induced luminescence enhancement of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QD) embedded in silica colloids that are dispersed in various solvents is presented. The photoluminescence of the embedded QD is enhanced up to a factor of ten upon photoactivation by ultraviolet or visible light. This enhancement is strongly dependent on the local environment. The thickness‐dependent permeability of the silica shell covering the QD controls the influence of the solvent on the QD. If foreign ions are present the activation state is stabilized after termination of the activation, whereas in their absence the process is partially reversible. A new qualitative model for the photoactivation of QD in various environments is developed. It comprises light‐induced passivation and subsequent oxidation processes. The embedded QD also retain their fluorescence quantum yield inside living cells. Moreover, they can be activated for many hours in living cells by laser radiation in the visible regime.
Functionalized‐Quantum‐Dot–Liposome Hybrids as Multimodal Nanoparticles for Cancer
Authors: Al‐Jamal Wafa' T. , Al‐Jamal Khuloud T. , Bomans Paul H. , Frederik Peter M. , Kostarelos Kostas 
Published: August 2008

AbstractFunctionalized‐quantum‐dot–liposome (f‐QD‐L) hybrid nanoparticles are engineered by encapsulating poly(ethylene glycol)‐coated QD in the internal aqueous phase of different lipid bilayer vesicles. f‐QD‐L maintain the QD fluorescence characteristics as confirmed by fluorescence spectroscopy, agarose gel electrophoresis, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Cationic f‐QD‐L hybrids lead to dramatic improvements in cellular binding and internalization in tumor‐cell monolayer cultures. Deeper penetration into three‐dimensional multicellular spheroids is obtained for f‐QD‐L by modifying the lipid bilayer characteristics of the hybrid system. f‐QD‐L are injected intratumorally into solid tumor models leading to extensive fluorescent staining of tumor cells compared to injections of the f‐QD alone. f‐QD‐L hybrid nanoparticles constitute a versatile tool for very efficient labeling of cells ex vivo and in vivo, particularly when long‐term imaging and tracking of cells is sought. Moreover, f‐QD‐L offer many opportunities for the development of combinatory therapeutic and imaging (theranostic) modalities by incorporating both drug molecules and QD within the different compartments of a single vesicle.
Contractility‐Dependent Modulation of Cell Proliferation and Adhesion by Microscale Topographical Cues
Authors: Thakar Rahul G. , Chown Matthew G. , Patel Anuj , Peng Lily , Kumar Sanjay , Desai Tejal A. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractEngineering of cellular assembly on biomaterial scaffolds by utilizing microscale topographical cues has emerged as a powerful strategy in cardiovascular tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, the mechanisms through which these cues are processed to yield changes in canonical cell behaviors remain unclear. Previously, we showed that when mixtures of cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts were cultured on polydimethylsiloxane surfaces studded with microscale pillars (micropegs), fibroblast proliferation was dramatically suppressed, which suggests that the micropegs could be exploited to minimize fibrosis and scar formation. Here, we demonstrate that this effect relies on altered adhesive and micromechanical interactions between individual cells and micropegs. First, we show that the proliferation of a cell physically attached to a micropeg is significantly lower than that of a cell cultured on a featureless region of the substrate. Micropeg adhesion is accompanied by a marked elongation in cell and nuclear shape. When fibroblast contractility is pharmacologically attenuated through low‐dose inhibition of either Rho‐associated kinase or myosin light chain kinase, the potency with which micropeg adhesion suppresses cell proliferation is significantly reduced. Together, our results support a model in which cell fate decisions may be directly manipulated within tissue engineering scaffolds by the inclusion of microtopographical structures that alter cellular mechanics.
Facile Fabrication of Uniform Polyaniline Nanotubes with Tubular Aluminosilicates as Templates
Authors: Zhang Long , Liu Peng 
Published: August 2008

Abstract
The uniform polyaniline (PANI) nanotubes, with inner diameter, outer diameter, and tubular thickness of 40, 60, and 10 nm, respectively, were prepared successfully by using natural tubular aluminosilicates as templates. The halloysite nanotubes were coated with PANI via the in situ chemical oxidation polymerization. Then the templates were etched with HCl/HF solution. The PANI nanotubes were characterized using FTIR, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. The conductivity of the PANI nanotubes was found to be 1.752 × 10−5(Ω·cm)−1.
Brief report: Fathers' and mothers' marital relationship predicts daughters' pubertal development two years later
Authors: Saxbe Darby E. , Repetti Rena L. 
Published: August 2008

ABSTRACTParents of 50 4th grade girls reported on their marital relationships and then, two years later, rated their daughters' pubertal development. Fathers' ratings of marital dissatisfaction, mothers' ratings of less emotional support from husbands, and both parents' ratings of aversive marital conflict were correlated with more advanced pubertal development in daughters. Fathers' withdrawal behavior during marital conflict emerged as the strongest predictor. These results are consistent with evolutionary theories of pubertal development and suggest that parents' impressions of the marital relationship may be linked with girls' pubertal development, even in a middle‐class sample with both parents present in the household. They also suggest several heretofore underexplored foci for researchers in this area, such as parents' behaviors during marital conflict and fathers' experiences of the marital relationship.
The role of correction of anaemia in patients with congestive heart failure: A short review
Authors: Silverberg Donald S. , Wexlerb Dov , Iaina Adrian , Schwartz Doron 
Published: August 2008

AbstractMany patients with Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) are anaemic. This anaemia is associated with more severe CHF and a higher incidence of mortality, hospitalisation and morbidity. The only way to prove that the anaemia is causing this worsening of CHF is to correct it. We review here some of the published papers about correction of anaemia. Many studies show a positive effect of Erythropoietin (EPO) or its' derivatives when administered in combination with oral or IV iron, with improvements in left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic function, dilation and hypertrophy and renal function. In addition, a reduction in hospitalisations, diuretic dose, pulmonary artery pressure, plasma volume, heart rate, serum Brain Natriuretic Peptide levels, the inflammatory marker Interleukin 6, soluble Fas ligand—a mediator of apoptosis, and improvements in New York Heart Association class, exercise capacity, oxygen utilization, caloric intake, Quality of Life and the activity of Endothelial Progenitor Cells, have been observed. Iron deficiency may also play an important role in this anaemia, since improvements in CHF have also been reported following treatment with IV iron alone. However, until the ongoing large placebo‐controlled studies of the EPO derivative darbepoetin or IV iron are completed, we will not know whether these treatments really influence CHF outcome.
The management of cancer‐related breakthrough pain: Recommendations of a task group of the Science Committee of the Association for Palliative Medicine of Great Britain and Ireland
Authors: Davies Andrew N. , Dickman Andrew , Reid Colette , Stevens Anna‐Marie , Zeppetella Giovambattista 
Published: August 2008

ABSTRACTA task group of the Science Committee of the Association for Palliative Medicine of Great Britain and Ireland (APM) was convened to produce some up‐to‐date, evidence‐based, practical, clinical guidelines on the management of cancer‐related breakthrough pain in adults. On the basis of a review of the literature, the task group was unable to make recommendations about any individual interventions, but was able to make a series of 12 recommendations about certain generic strategies. However, most of the aforementioned recommendations are based on limited evidence (i.e., case series, expert opinion). The task group also proposed a definition of breakthrough pain, and some diagnostic criteria for breakthrough pain.
Balloon catheter sinusotomy: One‐year follow‐up—Outcomes and role in functional endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Kuhn Frederick A. , Church Christopher A. , Goldberg Andrew N. , Levine Howard L. , Sillers Michael J. , Vaughan Winston C. , Weiss Raymond L. 
Published: August 2008

ObjectiveThe primary objective was to assess the long‐term effectiveness of balloon catheter sinusotomy.MethodsPatients who had sinus ostia dilated with balloon catheters were prospectively evaluated 1 year after surgery with nasal endoscopy, a CT scan, and the Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐20).ResultsSixty‐six patients (202 sinuses) were examined. One hundred seventy‐two of 202 sinus ostia (85%) were endoscopically patent, 1 percent (2/202) were nonpatent, and ostial patency could not be determined by endoscopy in 28 of 202 (14%). In these “indeterminate” sinuses, the CT scans were normal in 13, implying functional patency in 91.6 percent of sinuses (185/202). Sinus CT scan scores were 1.95 at 1 year versus 8.89 at baseline (P < 0.001), and 1‐year SNOT‐20 scores (0.91) were significantly improved from baseline (2.14, P < 0.0001).ConclusionBalloon catheter sinusotomy results were durable over the study period, showing long‐term effectiveness.
Long‐term outcome analysis of balloon catheter sinusotomy: Two‐year follow‐up
Authors: Weiss Raymond L. , Church Christopher A. , Kuhn Frederick A. , Levine Howard L. , Sillers Michael J. , Vaughan Winston C. 
Published: August 2008

ObjectiveAssess two‐year postoperative clinical outcomes for patients receiving balloon catheter sinusotomy.MethodsPatients who had sinus ostia dilated with balloon catheters were prospectively evaluated two years after surgery by Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐20) and computed tomographic (CT) scan.ResultsSixty‐five patients (195 ballooned sinuses) were followed for two years after surgery, including 34 “balloon‐only” patients and 31 “hybrid” patients. SNOT‐20 symptom scores were significantly improved from baseline (0.87 vs 2.17 baseline, P < 0.001) and stable compared to six months and one year; this was the case for both balloon‐only (1.09 vs 2.09, P < 0.001) and hybrid (0.64 vs 2.26, P < 0.001) patients. Lund‐MacKay CT scores were significantly improved from baseline (2.69 vs 9.66, P < 0.001) and stable compared to one year, confirmed for both balloon‐only (1.75 vs 5.67, P < 0.015) and hybrid (3.25 vs 12.05, P < 0.001) subsets of patients. A total of 85% of patients reported improvement of their sinus symptoms, with 15% same and 0% worsened. Revision treatment was required in seven of 195 sinuses (3.6%) in six of 65 patients (9.2%).ConclusionPatients who receive balloon catheter sinusotomy in endoscopic sinus surgery have significant improvement in symptoms two years after surgery. Radiographic evidence also confirms resolution of disease after two years. This demonstrates durability of clinical results previously reported at 24 weeks and one year after surgery.