bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase I and Pharmacokinetic Study of Imatinib Mesylate in Patients With Advanced Malignancies and Varying Degrees of Renal Dysfunction: A Study by the National Cancer Institute Organ Dysfunction Working Group
Authors: Gibbons Joseph , Egorin Merrill J. , Ramanathan Ramesh K. , Fu Pingfu , Mulkerin Daniel L. , Shibata Stephen , Takimoto Chris H.M. , Mani Sridhar , LoRusso Patricia A. , Grem Jean L. , Pavlick Anna , Lenz Heinz-Josef , Flick Susan M. , Reynolds Sherrie , Lagattuta Theodore F. , Parise Robert A. , Wang Yanfeng , Murgo Anthony J. , Ivy S. Percy , Remick Scot C. 
Published: January 2008

PurposeThis study was undertaken to determine the safety, dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), and pharmacokinetics of imatinib in cancer patients with renal impairment and to develop dosing guidelines for imatinib in such patients.Patients and MethodsSixty adult patients with advanced solid tumors and varying renal function (normal, creatinine clearance [CrCL] ≥ 60 mL/min; mild dysfunction, CrCL 40 to 59 mL/min; moderate dysfunction, CrCL 20 to 39 mL/min; and severe dysfunction, CrCL < 20 mL/min) received daily imatinib doses of 100 to 800 mg. Treatment cycles were 28 days long.ResultsThe MTD was not reached for any group. DLTs occurred in two mild group patients (600 and 800 mg) and two moderate group patients (200 and 600 mg). Serious adverse events (SAEs) were more common in the renal dysfunction groups than in the normal group (P = .0096). There was no correlation between dose and SAEs in any group. No responses were observed. Several patients had prolonged stable disease. Imatinib exposure, expressed as dose-normalized imatinib area under the curve, was significantly greater in the mild and moderate groups than in the normal group. There was a positive correlation between serum alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) concentration and plasma imatinib, and an inverse correlation between plasma AGP concentration and imatinib clearance. Urinary excretion accounted for 3% to 5% of the daily imatinib dose.ConclusionDaily imatinib doses up to 800 or 600 mg were well tolerated by patients with mild and moderate renal dysfunction, respectively, despite their having increased imatinib exposure.
Long-Term Results From a Randomized Phase II Trial of Standard- Versus Higher-Dose Imatinib Mesylate for Patients With Unresectable or Metastatic Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Expressing KIT
Authors: Blanke Charles D. , Demetri George D. , von Mehren Margaret , Heinrich Michael C. , Eisenberg Burton , Fletcher Jonathan A. , Corless Christopher L. , Fletcher Christopher D.M. , Roberts Peter J. , Heinz Daniela , Wehre Elisabeth , Nikolova Zariana , Joensuu Heikki 
Published: January 2008

Purpose The outcome of patients diagnosed with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and treated long-term with imatinib mesylate is unknown. A previous report of a randomized phase II trial of imatinib mesylate in patients with incurable GIST detailed high response rates at both the 400 and the 600 mg/d dose levels. We conducted a long-term analysis of patients treated on the trial, including patients followed during an extension phase, to evaluate survival, patterns of failure, and potential prognostic factors, including tumor mutational status. Patients and Methods Patients with advanced GIST were enrolled onto an open-label, multicenter trial and were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive imatinib 400 versus 600 mg/d. Data were prospectively collected on KIT mutational status, total tumor area, and other potential prognostic factors. Patients were followed for a median of 63 months. Results One hundred forty-seven patients were enrolled: 73 were in arm A (imatinib 400 mg/d), and 74 were in arm B (imatinib 600 mg/d). Response rates, median progression-free survival, and median overall survival were essentially identical on both arms, and median survival was 57 months for all patients. Forty-one patients overall (28%) remained on the drug long-term. Female sex, the presence of an exon 11 mutation, and normal albumin and neutrophil levels were independently associated with better survival. Conclusion Nearly 50% of patients with advanced GIST who were treated with imatinib mesylate survived for more than 5 years, regardless of a 400 or 600 mg/d starting dose.
Improved Survival After Lymphadenectomy for Nodal Metastasis From an Unknown Primary Melanoma
Authors: Lee Chris C. , Faries Mark B. , Wanek Leslie A. , Morton Donald L. 
Published: January 2008

Purpose No primary lesion is identified in 10% to 20% of patients presenting with palpable evidence of regional metastatic melanoma. Because the prognostic significance of unknown primary melanoma (MUP) is unclear, we compared clinical outcomes of patients with MUP and known primary melanoma (MKP) with regional nodal metastases. Patients and Methods We reviewed our 13,000-patient prospective melanoma database (1971 through 2005) to identify patients managed with regional lymphadenectomy for palpable nodal metastases from MUP or MKP. Multivariate analysis identified prognostic factors significant for survival. MUP and MKP were then matched by significant covariates. Overall survival (OS) was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared by log-rank analysis. Results Multivariate analysis of data from 1,571 study patients identified four significant covariates associated with worse prognosis: age ≥ 60 years (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.294; P = .0017), male sex (HR = 1.335; P = .0004), nodal tumor burden ≥ one (HR = 1.256; P < .0001), and known primary (HR = 1.507; 95% CI, 1.220 to 1.862; P = .0001). Five-year OS was significantly higher for 262 patients with MUP than for 1,309 patients with MKP (55% ± 6% v 44% ± 3%; P = .0021). Computerized matching of MUP and MKP by four significant covariates (age, sex, nodal tumor burden, and decade of diagnosis) yielded 221 matched pairs. Median and 5-year OS rates were 165 months and 58% ± 7%, respectively, for MUP as compared with 34 months and 40% ± 7%, respectively, for MKP (P = .0006). Conclusion Lymphadenectomy is effective for nodal metastasis from MUP. The significantly better postoperative survival for MUP versus MKP suggests a strong endogenous immune response against the primary melanoma. Immunologic studies to identify cell-mediated and antibody components of this response may lead to new approaches for determining melanoma prognosis and treatment.
Osteosarcoma: The Addition of Muramyl Tripeptide to Chemotherapy Improves Overall Survival—A Report From the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Meyers Paul A. , Schwartz Cindy L. , Krailo Mark D. , Healey John H. , Bernstein Mark L. , Betcher Donna , Ferguson William S. , Gebhardt Mark C. , Goorin Allen M. , Harris Michael , Kleinerman Eugenie , Link Michael P. , Nadel Helen , Nieder Michael , Siegal Gene P. , Weiner Michael A. , Wells Robert J. , Womer Richard B. , Grier Holcombe E. 
Published: January 2008

Purpose To compare three-drug chemotherapy with cisplatin, doxorubicin, and methotrexate with four-drug chemotherapy with cisplatin, doxorubicin, methotrexate, and ifosfamide for the treatment of osteosarcoma. To determine whether the addition of muramyl tripeptide (MTP) to chemotherapy enhances event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival in newly diagnosed patients with osteosarcoma. Patients and Methods Six hundred sixty-two patients with osteosarcoma without clinically detectable metastatic disease and whose disease was considered resectable received one of four prospectively randomized treatments. All patients received identical cumulative doses of cisplatin, doxorubicin, and methotrexate and underwent definitive surgical resection of primary tumor. Patients were randomly assigned to receive or not to receive ifosfamide and/or MTP in a 2 × 2 factorial design. The primary end points for analysis were EFS and overall survival. Results In the current analysis, there was no evidence of interaction, and we were able to examine each intervention separately. The chemotherapy regimens resulted in similar EFS and overall survival. There was a trend toward better EFS with the addition of MTP (P = .08). The addition of MTP to chemotherapy improved 6-year overall survival from 70% to 78% (P = .03). The hazard ratio for overall survival with the addition of MTP was 0.71 (95% CI, 0.52 to 0.96). Conclusion The addition of ifosfamide to cisplatin, doxorubicin, and methotrexate did not enhance EFS or overall survival for patients with osteosarcoma. The addition of MTP to chemotherapy resulted in a statistically significant improvement in overall survival and a trend toward better EFS.
Failure to Detect Measles Virus Ribonucleic Acid in Bone Cells from Patients with Paget’s Disease
Authors: Matthews Brya G. , Afzal Muhammad A. , Minor Philip D. , Bava Usha , Callon Karen E. , Pitto Rocco P. , Cundy Tim , Cornish Jill , Reid Ian R. , Naot Dorit 
Published: January 2008

Abstract
Background: Paget’s disease is a condition of focal accelerated bone turnover. Electron-microscopy investigations of osteoclasts from pagetic lesions have identified nuclear inclusion bodies that have a similar appearance to viral nucleocapsid particles. Subsequently, RNA from several paramyxoviruses has been detected in pagetic tissue, and it was suggested that these viruses, in particular measles, might play a role in the etiology of Paget’s disease. We have tested for measles virus sequences in osteoblasts and bone marrow cells collected from pagetic lesions and healthy bone.
Methods: Bone and bone marrow samples were taken from Paget’s patients and control subjects, and cells were cultured from each of these tissues. RNA was extracted from 13 osteoblast cultures and 13 cultures of bone marrow cells derived from pagetic lesions, and from 26 and 23 control osteoblast and bone marrow cultures, respectively. These samples were sourced from 22 patients with Paget’s disease and 31 controls. RT-PCR-nested PCR amplification was used for the detection of the genes for the measles nucleocapsid and matrix proteins.
Results: Measles virus sequences were not detected in any of the pagetic or control samples. However, measles virus sequences were identified in samples of a measles virus culture isolate included as a positive control, and in a brain sample from a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, a condition associated with chronic measles infection.
Conclusion: The results of the study do not support the hypothesis that measles virus plays a role in the pathogenesis of Paget’s disease.
Metabolic Profile in Sons of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Recabarren Sergio E. , Smith Rosita , Rios Rafael , Maliqueo Manuel , Echiburú Bárbara , Codner Ethel , Cassorla Fernando , Rojas Pedro , Sir-Petermann Teresa 
Published: January 2008

Abstract
Context: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine-metabolic disorder with strong familial aggregation. It has been demonstrated that parents and brothers of PCOS women exhibit insulin resistance and related metabolic defects. However, metabolic phenotypes in sons of PCOS women have not been described.
Objective: Our objective was to assess the metabolic profiles in sons of women with PCOS during different stages of life: early infancy, childhood, and adulthood.
Design: Eighty sons of women with PCOS (PCOSS) and 56 sons of control women without hyperandrogenism (CS), matched for age, were studied. In early infancy, glucose and insulin were determined in the basal sample. In children and adults, a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test was performed with measurements of glucose and insulin. Adiponectin, leptin, C-reactive protein, SHBG, and serum lipids were determined in the basal sample during the three periods.
Results: During early infancy, PCOSS showed higher weight (P = 0.038) and weight sd score (P = 0.031) than CS. During childhood, weight (P = 0.003), body mass index (BMI) (P &lt; 0.001), BMI sd score (P &lt; 0.001), waist circumference (P = 0.001), total cholesterol (P = 0.007), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.022) were higher in PCOSS compared with CS, but after adjusting for BMI, these differences were nonsignificant. During adulthood, PCOSS exhibited higher weight (P = 0.022), BMI (P = 0.046), and waist circumference (P = 0.028) than CS. Fasting insulin (P = 0.030), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (P = 0.034), total cholesterol (P = 0.043), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.034), and 2-h insulin (P = 0.006) were also significantly higher and insulin sensitivity index composite significantly lower in PCOSS than in CS (P = 0.003). After adjusting for BMI, only 2-h insulin and insulin sensitivity index composite remained significantly different.
Conclusions: This study indicates that sons of PCOS women exhibit higher body weight from early infancy. In addition, insulin resistance became evident as the subjects got older, which may place them at risk for the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
A Novel Blue-green-emitting Phosphor LiBaPO4:Eu2+ for White Light-emitting Diodes
Authors: Wu Zhanchao , Liu Jie , Guo Qingjie , Gong Menglian 
Published: January 2008

Abstract
A novel efficient blue-green-emitting phosphor, LiBaPO4:Eu2+, was prepared by solid-state reaction method. Its excitation band is extending from 250 to 450 nm, which is adaptable to the emission band of near-ultraviolet (NUV) LED chips (350–420 nm). Upon 348-nm light excitation, the phosphor exhibits a strong blue-green emission peaking at 480 nm. A bright blue-green LED was fabricated by incorporating the phosphor with an InGaN-based NUV chip. All the characteristics suggest that LiBaPO4:Eu2+ is a good blue-green phosphor candidate for creating white light in phosphor-converted white LEDs.
Efficacy of Ertapenem for Consolidation Therapy of Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase-Producing Gram-Negative Infections: A Case Series Report
Authors: Berg Melody L , Crank Christopher W , Philbrick Alexander H , Hayden Mary K 
Published: January 2008

Background: Infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing gram-negative organisms are becoming increasingly common and present significant challenges in terms of treatment. Carbapenems is the antibiotic class of choice for treatment of these types of infections. Ertapenem is the newest carbapenem, capable of being dosed once daily, and has some in vitro but little in vivo evidence supporting its use for the treatment ol these resistant infections. Objective: To examine the clinical and microbiologic outcomes associated with ertapenem therapy of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae. and Proteus mirabilis infections. Methods: This was a retrospective case series that examined the clinical and microbiologic outcomes of 22 patients who received ertapenem for treatment of an ESBL infection at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago. IL, during 2003–2005. Results: The majority (16/22) of patients received ertapenem (or consolidation rather than initial therapy. Different antibiotics most commonly used were other carbapenems, piperacillin/tazobactam, and aminoglycosides. The most common infections treated were lower urinary tract infections and osteomyelitis. Clinical efficacy was determined in all 22 patients, with 20 (91%) patients having a positive outcome, defined as either clinical improvement or clinical cure. The best clinical cure rate was seen with wound infections, where all 3 patients examined were found to be clinically cured. Microbiologic efficacy was determined in 7 patients, with 6 {85.7%) defined as microbiologic cure. One patient was found to be both a clinical and microbiologic failure and was also found to have developed an ertapenem-resistant strain of E. coli. Conclusions: These results demonstrate potential microbiologic and clinical efficacy of ertapenem for treatment of ESBL-producing infections and the need for a prospective, randomized study examining its efficacy versus that of other carbapenems.
Fine‐Tuning of Yellow or Red Photo‐ and Electroluminescence of Functional Difluoro‐boradiazaindacene Films
Authors: Bonardi Laure , Kanaan Hani , Camerel Franck , Jolinat Pascale , Retailleau Pascal , Ziessel Raymond 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe present work describes the synthesis of difluoro‐boradiazaindacenes (Bodipy) functionalized at the central 8‐position by phenylamino moieties easily transformable into phenyl amide scaffoldings. Molecules carrying three linear or branched chains were prepared and characterized. An X‐ray crystal structure for the pivotal trimethoxyphenyl‐Bodipy derivative was determined, and the packing is discussed in terms of molecular interactions; a key feature for the formation of thin films. All of the dyes are thermally stable up to 170 °C but no liquid‐crystalline phases are observed. Reversible reduction and oxidation processes occur around +0.97 and −1.34 V, respectively, versus saturated calomel electrode in solution and the electroactivity and photoluminescence are maintained in thin films produced by vacuum evaporation. Interestingly, two distinct emissions are observed at 550 and 635 nm by electroluminescence of the trimethoxyphenyl‐Bodipy derivative, corresponding to the luminescence of isolated molecules and dimers, respectively. Doping Alq3 films with this Bodipy molecule by vacuum evaporation produces organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) in which very efficient energy transfer from the Alq3 matrix to the Bodipy occurs by a resonance mechanism involving the first Bodipy excited state. Yellow light (550 nm, 344 cd m−2 at 15 V) is emitted at low doping concentration (7 mol %), whereas red light (635 nm, 125 cd m−2 at 15 V) is emitted at higher concentration (19 mol %). Dispersion of the Bodipy into a fluorescent poly(N‐vinylcarbazole) polymer (PVK) (≈3 mol % per repeating unit of PVK) by solution processing exclusively produces yellow emission owing to the isolated Bodipyfluorophore (550 nm, 213 cd m−2 at 15 V). The second excited state of the Bodipy dye is likely involved during energy transfer from the PVK matrix.
Nonfouling biomaterials based on polyethylene oxide‐containing amphiphilic triblock copolymers as surface modifying additives: Synthesis and characterization of copolymers and surface properties of copolymer–polyurethane blends
Authors: Tan J. , L. Brash J. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe objective of this work is to develop nonfouling biomaterials by blending polyethylene oxide (PEO)‐containing block copolymers with a polyurethane (PU) matrix; it is expected that the PEO component will migrate to the tissue‐material interface. Three amphiphilic triblock copolymers, PEO‐PU‐PEO, in which the PEO MW was 550 (copolymer 1), 2000 (copolymer 2), and 5000 (copolymer 3), respectively, were synthesized. XPS data showed that the polymer/vacuum interfaces of copolymers 2 and 3 were enriched in the PU block, whereas that of copolymer 1 was enriched in the PEO block. In contact with water, the PEO blocks for all three copolymers migrated to the surface as indicated by water contact angles. Blends of the copolymers with a segmented polyurethane were investigated. Surface enrichment of the copolymers occurred and increased over time up to a limit; the degree of enrichment was dependent on PEO block size and copolymer content. At copolymer content <10%, enrichment decreased with increasing PEO block size. For the copolymer 2 and copolymer 3 blends, enrichment increased with increasing copolymer content; at 20% copolymer the surfaces consisted essentially of pure copolymer. For the copolymer 1 blends, the surface was completely covered by copolymer at content ≥ 1%. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Polymerization of methyl acrylate in the presence of ultrasound and peroxodisulfate
Authors: Jothi Rajan M. A. , Mathavan T. , Vivekanandam T. S. , Umapathy S. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA systematic polymerization kinetic study of methyl acrylate with an added initiator, peroxodisulfate, in the presence of low‐power ultrasound was done. The polymerization experiments were conducted at various concentrations of monomer and initiator at different temperatures (303–323 K). The polymerization was found to proceed without an induction period, and the steady state was attained in a fairly short time. The rate of monomer disappearance showed a second‐order dependence on monomer concentration. The chain lengths of the polymer were calculated, and we found that the chain length increased with increasing monomer concentration and decreased with increasing initiator concentration. The reaction scheme proposed is based on the kinetic studies that indicated linear termination by sulfate‐ion‐radical‐incorporating direct reaction between the monomer and the initiator. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Spray‐dried microspheres as a route to clay/polymer nanocomposites
Authors: Yun S. I. , Attard D. , Lo V. , Davis J. , Li H. , Latella B. , Tsvetkov F. , Noorman H. , Moricca S. , Knott R. , Hanley H. , Morcom M. , Simon G. P. , Gadd G. E. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA new strategy for the preparation of well‐dispersed clays in a polymer matrix by a spray‐drying method is presented. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy measurements show that the spray‐drying process produces clay/polymer microspheres in which the clay is trapped in a well‐dispersed state throughout the polymer matrix. The microspheres have been successfully extruded into clay/poly(methyl methacrylate) nanocomposite bulk structures without any perturbation of the well‐dispersed clay nanostructure in the original microspheres. Transmission electron microscopy and small‐angle X‐ray scattering show that the clay particles in the extruded materials range from single platelets to simple tactoids composed of a few stacked clay platelets, indicating an excellent degree of dispersion. The results show that sprayed microspheres are very good precursors for further processing such as extrusion or melt blending with other polymers for bulk nanocomposite fabrication. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Ontogeny of Skeletal Maturation in the Juvenile Rat
Authors: Horton Jason A. , Bariteau Jason T. , Loomis Richard M. , Strauss Judith A. , Damron Timothy A. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractSystemic regulation of the cellular processes that produce endochondral elongation and endochondral mineralization during postnatal skeletal maturation are not completely understood. In particular, a mechanism coupling the decline of cellular activity in the bone microenvironment to the onset of sexual maturity remains elusive. The purpose of this study was to empirically integrate the dynamic progression of bone mineral accrual and endochondral elongation as a function of animal age in growing male and female Sprague‐Dawley rats. We used serial dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) and radiography to study the temporal progression of bone growth and mineral accrual from weaning to adulthood. We observed that skeletal maturation proceeds in a pattern adequately described by the Gompertz function. During this period of growth, we found that serum markers of osteoblastic bone formation declined with age, while osteoclastic bone resorption activity remained unchanged. We also report a slight lag in the age at inflection in the rate of bone mineral accrual relative to the rate of tibial elongation and that both endochondral processes eventually come to asymptotic equilibrium by approximately 20 weeks of age. In addition, we studied tibial growth plate histomorphometry at select time points through 1 year of age. We report that, despite the histologic persistence of physeal cartilage, very little proliferative or elongative activity was measured in this tissue beyond 20 weeks of age. Taken together, these data provide insight to the temporal coordination of postnatal endochondral growth processes. Anat Rec, 291:283–292, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.