bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aged‐vascular niche hinders osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells through paracrine repression of Wnt‐axis
Authors: Fleischhacker Viviane , Milosic Filip , Bricelj Marko , Kührer Kristina , Wahl‐Figlash Katharina , Heimel Patrick , Diendorfer Andreas , Nardini Eleonora , Fischer Irmgard , Stangl Herbert , Pietschmann Peter , Hackl Matthias , Foisner Roland , Grillari Johannes , Hengstschläger Markus , Osmanagic‐Myers Selma 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAge‐induced decline in osteogenic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) potentiates osteoporosis and increases the risk for bone fractures. Despite epidemiology studies reporting concurrent development of vascular and bone diseases in the elderly, the underlying mechanisms for the vascular‐bone cross‐talk in aging are largely unknown. In this study, we show that accelerated endothelial aging deteriorates bone tissue through paracrine repression of Wnt‐driven‐axis in BMSCs. Here, we utilize physiologically aged mice in conjunction with our transgenic endothelial progeria mouse model (Hutchinson‐Gilford progeria syndrome; HGPS) that displays hallmarks of an aged bone marrow vascular niche. We find bone defects associated with diminished BMSC osteogenic differentiation that implicate the existence of angiocrine factors with long‐term inhibitory effects. microRNA‐transcriptomics of HGPS patient plasma combined with aged‐vascular niche analyses in progeria mice reveal abundant secretion of Wnt‐repressive microRNA‐31‐5p. Moreover, we show that inhibition of microRNA‐31‐5p as well as selective Wnt‐activator CHIR99021 boosts the osteogenic potential of BMSCs through de‐repression and activation of the Wnt‐signaling, respectively. Our results demonstrate that the vascular niche significantly contributes to osteogenesis defects in aging and pave the ground for microRNA‐based therapies of bone loss in elderly.
Do Interactions Between Investors and Management Result in More Conservative Accounting Information?*
Authors: Li Yaoyao , Wang Tianmei , Zhao Yang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWithin the context of the investor–management interaction platforms “E‐Interaction” and “Interaction Easy,” this paper investigates the influence of investor and management interaction on accounting conservatism and explores the strategic response behavior of management. The findings indicate that both the intensity and depth of investor inquiries contribute to the enhancement of accounting conservatism. Moreover, compared to “template” responses, management's “targeted” responses to investors significantly increase the accounting conservatism of companies. Mechanism tests reveal that investor–management interaction, by enhancing investor monitoring capabilities and increasing the litigation and reputational risks faced by companies, subsequently enhances the accounting conservatism of companies. Further analysis shows that in cases where companies are audited by non‐Big Four auditor and have lower analyst coverage, indicating a weaker external information environment, investor–management interaction can yield better governance effects.
Does the Textual Tone of Analyst Reports Have Valuable Information? Korean Evidence*
Authors: Cho Su‐Ji , Lee Ki‐Kwang , Yang Cheol‐Won 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe investigate whether the text of analyst reports can provide additional information beyond the recommendation and target price. Positive and negative word lexicons are generated through an automated Bayesian learning method applied to Korean analyst reports spanning from 2016 to 2018. Then, the textual tone of an analyst report is quantified as the difference between the frequencies of positive and negative words in the text. The announcement returns of portfolios sorted by textual tone exhibit significant differences ranging from 1.14% to 2.82% within the same recommendation or target price revision group. Regression analysis also reveals significant association between the textual tone of analyst reports and stock announcement returns, even when controlling for the recommendation and target price. Notably, the text proves to be more informative in negative tones and within firms with limited analyst coverage. Our results indicate that textual analysis can unveil nuanced analyst opinions not captured by numerical information.
Understanding Corporate Bond Defaults in Korea Using Machine Learning Models*
Authors: Park Dojoon , Auh Jun Kyung , Song Giwan , Eom Young Ho 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe investigate corporate bond defaults from 1995 to 2020 using hand‐collected data from hard‐copy publications in Korea. Using an under‐sampling method, we construct default prediction models based on machine learning models as well as a logistic model. The empirical results show that the random forest model outperforms the others. However, regardless of the models used, model performance in financial crisis periods is significantly worse than it is in non‐crisis periods. This finding suggests the need for additional information to improve model performance during crises when the default prediction is the most relevant. Furthermore, the dominant predictor of defaults before the global financial crisis was the debt ratio, while subsequently, the coverage ratio has become the most important predictor.
Outcomes of outflow graft stenting in HeartMate 3 left ventricular assist devices: A systematic review and individual patient data meta‐analysis
Authors: Patil Sanath , Ahmad Danial , Shah Kishori , Vishnevsky Alec , Ruggiero Nicholas J. , Rajapreyar Indranee N. , Rame J. Eduardo , Alvarez Rene J. , Rajagopal Keshava , Entwistle John W. , Massey Howard T. , Tchantchaleishvili Vakhtang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeLVAD outflow graft stenosis continues to remain prevalent with a high complication rate. We sought to pool the existing evidence on indications, utilization patterns, and outcomes of transcatheter interventions for outflow graft stenosis in the HeartMate 3 LVAD.MethodsAn electronic search was performed to identify all studies in the English literature reporting on HeartMate 3 LVAD outflow graft stenting. Patient‐level data were extracted for analysis.ResultsThirteen published reports and one unpublished case comprising a total of 28 patients were included. Median patient age was 68.5 years [Interquartile range: 58, 71] and 25.9% (7/27) were female. Dyspnea [60.7% (17/28)] was the most common presenting symptom. Low flow alarms were present in 60% (15/25) of patients. Findings included external compression [35.7% (10/28)], graft twist [21.4% (6/28)], graft twist and external compression [14.3% (4.28)], intraluminal thrombus [10.7% (3/28)], graft twist and intraluminal thrombus [3.6% (1/28)], and pseudoaneurysm of outflow graft [3.6% (1/28)]. Median time from LVAD implantation to stenting was 2.1 years [1.4, 3]. Immediate flow normalization after stenting was observed in 85.7% (24/28). The 30‐day mortality was 12% (3/25). Overall mortality was 12% (3/25) at a median follow‐up of 3.9 months [1, 17].ConclusionOutflow graft stenting in the HeartMate 3 LVAD appears to be a reasonable treatment option for outflow graft stenosis, with low overall rates of complications and mortality. Further refinement of indications and approaches may improve outcomes.
Intrapartum prophylactic efficacy of ampicillin versus clindamycin in preventing vertical transmission of group B Streptococcus
Authors: Ujiie Gakuto , Murase Masahiko , Asai Hideyuki , Igawa Mio , Okuyama Ayumi , Seo Kohei , Ichizuka Kiyotake , Ikeda Hirokazu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo compare the prophylactic efficacy of ampicillin and clindamycin against vertical transmission of group B Streptococcus from mothers to their infants by evaluating the rates of group B Streptococcus colonisation.MethodsWe retrospectively extracted data for mothers who delivered at Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital between 1 October 2017 and 31 March 2021 and tested positive for antepartum group B Streptococcus, and their infants. The chi‐square test was used to compare the rates of group B Streptococcus colonisation, sepsis, and meningitis. We conducted a multivariate logistic regression analysis, including the time interval between membrane rupture and delivery, chorioamnionitis, and maternal intrapartum fever (≥38.0°C).ResultsTwo hundred fifty‐nine mothers and their infants were eligible. Ampicillin and clindamycin were administered to 150 and 109 mothers, respectively. In the ampicillin and clindamycin groups, 12.0% (18/150) and 37.6% (41/109) infants were group B Streptococcus positive, respectively. The rate of group B Streptococcus colonisation among infants was significantly lower in the ampicillin group (p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis showed similar results (p < 0.001). No sepsis or meningitis cases were observed in either group.ConclusionProphylactic efficacy of clindamycin against the vertical transmission of group B Streptococcus is lower than that of ampicillin.
Targeted therapy in Burkitt lymphoma: Small molecule inhibitors under investigation
Authors: Atallah‐Yunes Suheil Albert , Habermann Thomas M. , Khurana Arushi 
Published: April 2024

SummaryMultiagent chemoimmunotherapy remains the standard of care treatment for Burkitt lymphoma leading to a cure in the majority of cases. However, frontline treatment regimens are associated with a significant risk of treatment related toxicity especially in elderly and immunocompromised patients. Additionally, prognosis remains dismal in refractory/relapsed Burkitt lymphoma. Thus, novel therapies are required to not only improve outcomes in relapsed/refractory Burkitt lymphoma but also minimize frontline treatment related toxicities. Recurrent genomic changes and signalling pathway alterations that have been implicated in the Burkitt lymphomagenesis include cell cycle dysregulation, cell proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, epigenetic dysregulation and tonic B‐cell receptor‐phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (BCR‐PI3K) signalling. Here, we will discuss novel targeted therapy approaches using small molecule inhibitors that could pave the way to the future treatment landscape based on the understanding of recurrent genomic changes and signalling pathway alterations in the lymphomagenesis of adult Burkitt lymphoma.
Evaluating thromboprophylaxis in the sickle cell disease population: Navigating the evidence gap
Authors: Davila Jennifer , O'Brien Sarah H. , Mitchell William B. , Manwani Deepa 
Published: April 2024

SummarySickle cell disease (SCD) arises from beta‐globin gene mutations, with global estimates indicating around 500 000 affected neonates in 2021. In the United States, it is considered rare, impacting fewer than 200 000 individuals. The key pathogenic flaw lies in mutant haemoglobin S, prone to polymerization under low oxygen conditions, causing erythrocytes to adopt a sickled shape. This leads to complications like vascular occlusion, haemolytic anaemia, inflammation and organ damage. Beyond erythrocyte abnormalities however, there is a body of literature highlighting the hypercoagulable state that is likely a contributor to many of the complications we see in SCD. The persistent activation of the coagulation cascade results in thromboembolic events, notably venous thromboembolism (VTE) which is independently associated with increased mortality in both adults and children with SCD. While the increased risk of VTE in the SCD population seems well established, there is a lack of guidelines for thromboprophylaxis in this population. This Wider Perspective will describe the hypercoagulable state and increased thrombosis risk in the SCD population, as well as advocate for the development of evidence‐based guidelines to aid in the prevention of VTE in SCD.
Mismatched related donor allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation compared to other donor types for Ph+ chronic myeloid leukaemia: A retrospective analysis from the Chronic Malignancies Working Party of the EBMT
Authors: Onida Francesco , Gras Luuk , Ge Junran , Koster Linda , Hamladji Rose‐Marie , Byrne Jenny , Avenoso Daniele , Aljurf Mahmoud , Robin Marie , Halaburda Kazimierz , Passweg Jakob , Salmenniemi Urpu , Sengeloev Henrik , Apperley Jane , Clark Andrew , Reményi Péter , Morozova Elena , Kinsella Francesca , Lenhoff Stig , Ganser Arnold , Wu Ka Lung , Perez‐Martinez Antonio , Hayden Patrick J. , Raj Kavita , Drozd‐Sokolowska Joanna , OrtÍ Guillermo , de Lavallade Hugues , Yakoub‐Agha Ibrahim , McLornan Donal P. , Chalandon Yves 
Published: April 2024

SummaryAllogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (allo‐HCT) remains an option for tyrosine kinase inhibitor‐resistant chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) in first chronic phase (CP1) and high‐risk patients with advanced disease phases. In this European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) registry‐based study of 1686 CML patients undergoing first allo‐HCT between 2012 and 2019, outcomes were evaluated according to donor type, particularly focusing on mismatched related donors (MMRDs). Median age at allo‐HCT was 46 years (IQR 36–55). Disease status was CP1 in 43%, second CP (CP2) or later in 27%, accelerated phase in 12% and blast crisis in 18%. Donor type was matched related (MRD) in 39.2%, MMRD in 8.1%, matched unrelated (MUD) in 40.2%, and mismatched unrelated (MMUD) in 12.6%. In 4 years, overall survival (OS) for MRD, MMRD, MUD and MMUD was 61%, 56%, 63% and 59% (p = 0.21); relapse‐free survival (RFS) was 48%, 42%, 52% and 46% (p = 0.03); cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) was 33%, 37%, 27% and 30% (p = 0.07); non‐relapse mortality (NRM) was 19%, 21%, 21% and 24% (p = 0.21); and graft‐versus‐host disease (GvHD)‐free/relapse‐free survival (GRFS) was 16%, 18%, 22% and 15% (p = 0.05) respectively. On multivariate analysis, MMRD use associated with longer engraftment times and higher risk of graft failure compared to MRD or MUD. There was no statistical evidence that MMRD use associated with different OS, RFS and incidence of GvHD compared to other donor types.
The presence of attentional and interpretation biases in patients with severe MS‐related fatigue
Authors: de Gier Marieke , Oosterman Joukje M. , Hughes Alicia M. , Moss‐Morris Rona , Hirsch Colette , Beckerman Heleen , de Groot Vincent , Knoop Hans 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveSevere fatigue is a prevalent and disabling symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS). This study tested if a fatigue‐ and physical activity‐related attentional bias (AB) and a somatic interpretation bias (IB) are present in severely fatigued patients with MS. Biases were compared to healthy controls and patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS).MethodSeverely fatigued patients with MS or ME/CFS and healthy controls completed a Visual Probe Task (VPT) assessing fatigue‐ and physical activity‐related AB and an IB task that assesses the tendency to interpret ambiguous information in either a somatically threatening way or in a more neutral manner. The VPT was completed by 38 MS patients, 44 ME/CFS patients, and 46 healthy controls; the IB task was completed by 156, 40 and 46 participants respectively.ResultsANOVA showed no statistically significant group differences in a fatigue‐related AB or physical activity‐related AB (omnibus test of interaction between topic × condition: F2,125 = 1.87; p = .159). Both patient groups showed a tendency to interpret ambiguous information in a somatically threatening way compared to healthy controls (F1,2 = 27.61, p < .001). This IB was significantly stronger in MS patients compared to ME/CFS patients. IB was significantly correlated with cognitive responses to symptoms in MS patients.ConclusionMS patients tend to interpret ambiguous information in a somatically threatening way. This may feed into unhelpful ways of dealing with symptoms, possibly contributing to the perpetuation of severe fatigue in MS.
Acoustic monitoring of anurans and birds in tropical biomes
Authors: De Araújo C. B. , Lima M. R. , Albuquerque P. , Alquezar R. D. , Barreiros M. , Jardim M. , Gangenova E. , Machado R. B. , Phalan B. T. , Roos A. L. , Rosa G. L. M. , Saturnino N. , Simões C. R. , Torres I. M. D. , Varela D. , Zurano J. P. , Marques P. A. M. , dos Anjos L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPassive acoustic monitoring (PAM) is increasingly popular in ecological research, but recording and analyzing large amounts of data is still a critical bottleneck for the long‐term monitoring of multiple species. We evaluated how temporal and spatial sampling effort affects species diversity estimates using a set of 14,045 1‐min recordings from various neotropical birds and anuran communities. Our goals were to evaluate (i) the daily vocal activity cycle of birds and anurans, (ii) the effect of temporal structure (e.g., number of minutes listened each hour; continuous versus intermittent recordings) on determining the species composition, and (iii) the species–area relationship, and how the number of recorders affects species richness estimates. Based on sampling coverage and completeness, we (iv) evaluate manual inspection schedules for birds and anurans across four biomes of Brazil. We found marked diel variation in vocal activity between taxonomic groups, indicating that birds and anurans are more efficiently detected during early periods of the day and night, respectively. For proper diversity estimates, biomes with higher biodiversity required longer inspecting periods and a larger number of replicates, irrespective of taxa. Although fewer recordings per hour are less informative than full‐hour sampling, species diversity is better estimated when inspected minutes are interspersed over longer periods than inspecting minutes recorded over shorter timespans. Based on our findings, we recommend how to set PAM programs over highly diverse ecosystems.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.
Associations between the number of siblings, parent–child relationship and positive youth development of adolescents in mainland China: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Ke Jingyuan , Luo Biru , Huang Chuanya , Tong Yunxuan , Wang Yan , Li Xiang , Ma Wenlin , Zhao Li , Liao Shujuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundPositive development plays an important role in youth when dealing with stressful circumstances. According to the resource dilution theory, adolescents with or without siblings may receive different levels of emotional and material resources from their parents. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between the positive development of adolescents in China today with their family characteristics such as the number of siblings.MethodsA total of 2072 junior high and senior high school students (13 to 18 years old) in Chengdu, Sichuan, China, were investigated by cluster sampling. The Chinese Positive Youth Development scales (CPYDs) were used to measure positive youth development. The generalized linear model was used to explore the relationships among the number of siblings, parent–child relationships and positive youth development.ResultsAdolescents from only‐child families had better performance on positive development (H = 21.87, P < 0.001) and better relationships with parents (H = 15.1, P < 0.05). The positive development of male and female adolescents does not significantly differ in families with different numbers of siblings. The generalized linear model showed that a positive parent–child relationship is positively correlated with adolescent positive development (P < 0.05).ConclusionPositive youth development is not only associated with the number of siblings but also other modifiable familial factors. The positive relationship between parents and adolescents is of great practical value in daily life to improve youth development, and this might be the real lesson the resource dilution theory tells.
Systematic review of the impact of restrictive wildlife trade measures on conservation of iconic species in southern Africa
Authors: Hiller Christina , ’t Sas‐Rolfes Michael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTrade restrictions are often advocated and implemented as measures to protect wild species threatened by overexploitation. However, in some instances, their efficacy has been questioned, notably by governments in the southern African (SADC) region, which tend to favor a sustainable use approach to wildlife management. We conducted a systematic review of published literature guided by the PRISMA process to examine the effectiveness of trade restrictions and directly related control measures in addressing threats to species conservation in the SADC region, with a focus on elephants (Loxodonta sp.), rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum, Diceros bicornis), lions (Panthera leo), and pangolins (Manis sp.). We focused in particular on the direct conservation impact of trade restrictions at species or population level, indirect conservation impact at human behavior or attitude level, and socioeconomic impact on rural livelihoods and well‐being and on national economies. Research on these topics was uneven and focused strongly on the effects of trade restrictions and law enforcement on crime‐related behavior. Research gaps include socioeconomic impacts of trade restrictions, including effects of international restrictions on local livelihoods and consequent secondary conservation impacts, and evaluations of attempts to disrupt criminal networks. Based on the reviewed impact evidence, the effectiveness of international trade restrictions depends on a range of fully aligned measures in countries of origin, transit, and consumption. For example, our results suggest positive ecological short‐term but negative or unknown long‐term socioeconomic impacts of domestic restrictions. Based on these findings, key policy requirements include more nuanced approaches to incorporate a range of appropriate measures in range, transit, and consumer countries, that focus on capacity development for early detection and apprehension of incursions inside protected areas; measures for constructive engagement with relevant local communities outside protected areas; and future research to improve understanding of the socioeconomic contribution of wildlife.
Effects of coastal development on sawfish movements and the need for marine animal crossing solutions
Authors: Lear Karissa O. , Ebner Brendan C. , Fazeldean Travis , Bateman Rebecca L. , Morgan David L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAlthough human‐made barriers to animal movement are ubiquitous across many types of ecosystems, the science behind these barriers and how to ameliorate their effects lags far behind in marine environments compared with terrestrial and freshwater realms. Using juvenile sawfish in an Australian nursery habitat as a model system, we aimed to assess the effects of a major anthropogenic development on the movement behavior of coastal species. We compared catch rates and movement behavior (via acoustic telemetry) of juvenile green sawfish (Pristis zijsron) before and after a major coastal structure was built in an important nursery habitat. Acoustic tracking and catch data showed that the development did not affect levels of sawfish recruitment in the nursery, but it did constrain movements of juveniles moving throughout the nursery, demonstrating the reluctance of shoreline‐associated species to travel around large or unfamiliar coastal structures. Given the current lack of information on human‐made movement barriers in the marine environment, these findings highlight the need for further research in this area, and we propose the development of and experimentation with marine animal crossings as an important area of emerging research.