bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The AIFS Institute: Building a better food system through AI
Authors: Tagkopoulos Ilias , Earles Mason J. , Lemay Danielle G. , Liu Xin , Nitin Nitin , Smith Aaron D. , Zohdi Tarek I. , Brown Stephen F. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOur food system is complex, multifaceted, and in need of an upgrade. Population growth, climate change, and socioeconomic disparities are some of the challenges that create a systemic threat to its sustainability and capacity to address the needs of an evolving planet. The mission of the AI Institute of Next Generation Food Systems (AIFS) is to leverage the latest advances in AI to help create a more sustainable, efficient, nutritious, safe, and resilient food system. Instead of using AI in isolation, AIFS views it as the connective tissue that can bring together interconnected solutions from farm to fork. From guiding molecular breeding and building autonomous robots for precision agriculture, to predicting pathogen outbreaks and recommending personalized diets, AIFS projects aspire to pave the way for infrastructure and systems that empower practitioners to build the food system of the next generation. Workforce education, outreach, and ethical considerations related to the emergence of AI solutions in this sector are an integral part of AIFS with several collaborative activities aiming to foster an open dialogue and bringing closer students, trainees, teachers, producers, farmers, workers, policy makers, and other professionals.
Ion and Water Transport in 2D Nanofluidic Channels
Authors: Yu Xin , Ren Wencai 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) lamellar membranes, featuring organized nanochannels, tunable interlayer spacing, and modifiable chemical properties, are emerging as promising candidates for both theoretical research and practical applications. Rational design and regulation of the physical/chemical properties of the nanofluidic channels as well as manipulation of external factors are crucial to achieve desirable performance for the applications related to mass transport. Focusing on the recent advances in ion and water transport within 2D nanofluidic channels, this work gives a brief overview of the fabrication of 2D lamellar membranes based on the strategy of exfoliation and reconstruction. Then the transport phenomena within 2D nanofluidic channels along with the mechanisms and influential factors are highlighted. The representative applications of 2D lamellar membranes are also covered, especially in the areas of osmotic energy conversion, water purification and desalination, as well as single‐ion separation and extraction. It is concluded with a discussion of the current challenges and future perspectives in this potential field.
Multimodal 5‐DOF Stretchable Electromagnetic Actuators toward Haptic Information Delivery
Authors: Chen Si , Yu Li , Shen Weijun , Fong Brian , Li Yizong , Dong Penghao , Qin Hantang , Yao Shanshan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe rapid advancements in artificial intelligence, particularly in the domains of robotics, prosthetics, and virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR), have driven an escalating demand for intuitive and effective human–machine interactions. Consequently, haptic devices, being electronic displays for the sense of touch, have drawn increasing attention. More efforts are in demand to develop stretchable and lightweight haptic devices that can trigger multiple mechanical cutaneous receptors using a single device. This work presents a new 3‐modal 5‐DOF stretchable haptic interface that is enabled by electromagnetic actuators and high‐fidelity multi‐layer metal printing. The haptic device renders rich haptic sensations (i.e., normal force, vibration, angular force, skin dragging) in one device, allowing for the comprehensive delivery of tactile information through the excitation of multiple cutaneous receptors. Additionally, haptic devices are designed to be compact, lightweight, and skin‐compatible. The skin‐like softness and stretchability enable intimate skin contact, which is crucial for efficient haptic information delivery. This feature prevents the impediment to natural movements of the skin and ensures the functional integrity of the device during daily deformations of the skin. Finally, three proof‐of‐concept demonstrations illustrate the potential of the reported multimodal haptic devices for advanced haptic interactions across various domains.
Microstructuring of Thermoresponsive Biofunctional Hydrogels by Multiphoton Photocrosslinking
Authors: Morozov Yevhenii M. , Wiesner (née Diehl) Fiona , Grün Jonas J. , Pertiller Matthias , Fossati Stefan , Schmidt Katharina , Quilis Nestor Gisbert , Gusenbauer Claudia , Zbiral Barbara , Toca‐Herrera Jose Luis , Klees Sven , Thiagarajan Clinton Richard Victor , Jonas Ulrich , Dostalek Jakub 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA pioneering method is reported for creating thermoresponsive biofunctional hydrogel microstructures using maskless multiphoton lithography. Departing from conventional multiphoton‐triggered polymerization‐based techniques, this approach relies on simultaneous photocrosslinking and attachment of already pre‐synthesized polymer chains onto solid substrates. The method allows improving control over polymer network characteristics and enables facile integration of additional functionalities through postmodification with biomolecules at specific sites. Exploring two distinct benzophenone‐ and anthraquinone‐based photocrosslinkers incorporated into specially designed poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide)‐based co‐ and terpolymers, the photocrosslinking efficacy is scrutinized with the use of a custom femtosecond near‐infrared laser lithographer. Comprehensive characterization via surface plasmon resonance imaging, atomic force microscopy, and optical fluorescence microscopy reveals swelling behavior and demonstrates postmodification feasibility. Notably, within a specific range of multiphoton photocrosslinking parameters, the surface‐attached microstructures exhibit a quasiperiodic topography akin to wrinkle‐pattern formation. Leveraging the capabilities of established multiphoton lithographer systems that offer fast pattern writing with high resolution, this approach holds great promise for the versatile fabrication of multifunctional 3D micro‐ and nanostructures. Such tailored responsive biofunctional materials with spatial control over composition, swelling behavior, and postmodification are particularly attractive in the areas of bioanalytical and biomedical technologies.
Customized Intranasal Hydrogel Delivering Methylene Blue Ameliorates Cognitive Dysfunction against Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Liu Yujing , Tan Yun , Cheng Guopan , Ni Yaqiong , Xie Aihua , Zhu Xiaozhen , Yin Chao , Zhang Yi , Chen Tongkai 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein aggregates is a key pathogenic event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and induces mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species overproduction. However, the treatment of AD remains challenging owning to the hindrance caused by the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and the complex pathology of AD. Nasal delivery represents an effective means of circumventing the BBB and delivering drugs to the brain. In this study, black phosphorus (BP) is used as a drug carrier, as well as an antioxidant, and loaded with a tau aggregation inhibitor, methylene blue (MB), to obtain BP‐MB. For intranasal (IN) delivery, a thermosensitive hydrogel is fabricated by cross‐linking carboxymethyl chitosan and aldehyde Pluronic F127 (F127‐CHO) micelles. The BP‐MB nanocomposite is incorporated into the hydrogel to obtain BP‐MB@Gel. BP‐MB@Gel could be injected intranasally, providing high nasal mucosal retention and controlled drug release. After IN administration, BP‐MB is continuously released and delivered to the brain, exerting synergistic therapeutic effects by suppressing tau neuropathology, restoring mitochondrial function, and alleviating neuroinflammation, thus inducing cognitive improvements in mouse models of AD. These findings highlight a potential strategy for brain‐targeted drug delivery in the management of the complex pathologies of AD.
Improving Process Compatibility of Multilayer Organic Fiber Photodetectors by Combining Coaxial Thermal Evaporation with Dip‐Coating
Authors: Wu Jiaao , Li Yi , Wu Xueyuan , Zhang Xiaoran , Liu Qingxia , Qu Shuai , Yuan Liu , Wang Yang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFiber photodetectors (FPDs) are promising candidates for wearable applications due to their flexibility, knittability, and full‐angle detection. The current state‐of‐the‐art FPDs based on inorganic photosensitive materials show drawbacks in mechanical flexibility. The organic FPDs (OFPDs) are superior, while the fabrication is limited by multi‐layer process compatibility issues. Herein, a diode‐type five‐layer OFPD with Zn/ZnO/PBDB‐T:ITIC‐Th/MoO3/PEDOT:PSS structure is prepared by combining thermal evaporation with a successive dip‐coating method. It is worth mentioning that the uniform coaxial MoO3 interfacial layer is processed by the proposed fiber‐compatible thermal evaporation technique, while the other functional layers are enabled by the solution‐based dip‐coating method. At the bias of −0.5 V, the optimized OFPD exhibits a dark current density of 8.46 × 10−8 A cm−2, a responsivity of 86.4 mA W−1 (@ 760 nm), and a specific detectivity of over 1011 Jones in the visible range of 400–760 nm. Besides, the device displays a fast response speed of 0.44 and 0.14 ms for rise and fall time, showing the capability of full‐angle detection. The device is demonstrated in photoplethysmography for real‐time heart‐rate monitoring, suggesting its potential for practical application in wearable electronics.
Recent Progress on Barium Titanate‐Based Ferroelectrics for Sensor Applications
Authors: Deng Caozhuang , Zhang Yi , Yang Dan , Zhang Haizhong , Zhu Minmin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSensors, functioning as primary conveyors of perceptual data, stand ready to illuminate the landscape of the intelligent era. Barium titanate, an exceedingly pivotal class of ferroelectric materials for sensor applications, has attracted considerable attention from both commercial and industrial sectors in recent years. Against this backdrop, this paper embarks on a comprehensive examination of sensors founded upon barium titanate across a spectrum of applications. Our investigation commences with a historical analysis of ferroelectric materials, with a specific emphasis on the developmental trajectory of barium titanate. Subsequently, an in‐depth exposition elucidates the attributes and manufacturing processes linked to barium titanate materials, providing readers with insight into the structural and manufacturing aspects of these materials. Ultimately, we introduce a diverse array of sensors tailored to distinct functions within a myriad of domains.
Multi‐Channel Wireless Communication Based on Amplitude‐Phase Reconfigurable Space‐Coding Beamforming Metasurface
Authors: Xiong Qi , Zhang Zuojun , Ma Xiaoliang , Huang Cheng , Pu Mingbo , Luo Jun , Guo Yinghui , Wang Yanxun , Bai WenLin , Ye Jia , Yan Lianshan , Luo Xiangang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractReconfigurable metasurfaces have exhibited significant potential in wireless communication owing to their capacity to transmit information without relying on traditional complex radio frequency (RF) chain transmitters. Nonetheless, the majority of metasurface‐based wireless communication systems modulate signals only in the time domain. Here, an amplitude‐phase reconfigurable metasurface is proposed to establish a wireless communication system that can simultaneously transmit different messages to users by encoding digital signals within the spatial domain. By changing the bias voltages of varactors integrated in the meta‐atom, the reconfigurable metasurface can achieve independent 3‐bit phase and 1‐bit amplitude coding. Through a beamforming methodology, the proposed metasurface generates diverse scattering beams with suppressed sidelobe levels, which not only enables multiple channels through space coding but also reduces signal leakage in undesired directions. Numerical simulations and experiments are carried out to verify the beamforming scheme, and a dual‐channel wireless communication system is established. The results show that two distinct images can be simultaneously retrieved by two separate users, which demonstrates the dual‐channel transmission capability of the wireless communication system. The proposed strategy opens up an avenue for implementing multi‐channel wireless communication systems, which indicates its great potential in multiple‐user collaborative wireless communication and radar systems.
Phase‐Transfer Catalysis for Electrochemical Chlorination and Nitration of Arenes
Authors: Duan Yingdong , Luo Sanzhong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA biphasic anodic oxidation method for aromatic halogenation process was developed, where aqueous metal salts were directly used as halogen source. Ammonium salts serve as both electrolytes and phase transfer catalysis to facilitate anion transport and oxidative transformation. This design allows for chlorination or nitration of multiple types of arenes using NaCl or KNO2.
Directing the Encapsulation of Single Cells with DNA Framework Nucleator‐Based Hydrogel Growth
Authors: Wei Yuhan , Feng Yueyue , Wang Kaizhe , Wei Yuhui , Li Qian , Zuo Xiaolei , Li Bin , Li Jiang , Wang Lihua , Fan Chunhai , Zhu Ying 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEncapsulating individual mammalian cells with biomimetic materials holds potential in ex vivo cell culture and engineering. However, current methodologies often present tradeoffs between homogeneity, stability, and cell compatibility. Here, inspired by bacteria that use proteins stably anchored on their outer membranes to nucleate biofilm growth, we develop a single‐cell encapsulation strategy by using a DNA framework structure as a nucleator (DFN) to initiate the growth of DNA hydrogels under cell‐friendly conditions. We find that among the tested structures, the tetrahedral DFN can evenly and stably reside on cell membranes, effectively initiating hybridization chain reactions which generate homogeneously dense yet flexible single‐cell encapsulation for diverse cell lines. The encapsulation persists for up to 72 hours in a serum‐containing cell culture environment, representing a ~70‐fold improvement compared to encapsulations mediated by single‐stranded DNA nucleators. The metabolism and proliferation of the encapsulated cells are suppressed, but can be restored to the original efficiencies upon release, suggesting the superior cell compatibility of the encapsulation. We also find that compared to naked cells, the encapsulated cells exhibit a lower autophagy level after undergoing mechanical stress, suggesting the protective effect of the DNA encapsulation. This method may provide a new tool for ex vivo cell engineering.
Boosting Cathode Activity and Anode Stability of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries with Vigorous Iodic Species Triggered by Nitrate
Authors: Jia Pengfei , Wang Jin , Zheng Tianle , Tao Chengzhou , Yila Guma , Wang Lina , Wang Yonggang , Liu Tianxi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li−S) battery with a sulfurized polyacrylonitrile cathode is a promising alternative to Li‐ion systems. However, the sluggish charge transfer of cathode and accumulation of inactive Li on anode remain persistent challenges. An advanced electrolyte additive with function towards both cathode and anode holds great promise to address these issues. Herein, we present a new strategy to boost sulfur activity and rejuvenate dead Li simultaneously. In the polar electrolyte containing I2−LiNO3 additives, I3−/IO3− are triggered significantly by the reaction between NO3− and I− ions. The I3−/IO3− are reactive to insulated Li2S product of cathode and inactive Li on anode, thus accelerating the conversion reaction of sulfur and recovering Li sources back to battery cycling. The in situ/ex situ spectroscopic and morphologic monitoring reveal the crucial role of iodine in promoting Li2S dissociation and inhibiting dendritic Li growth. With the modified electrolyte, the symmetric Li||Li cells deliver a lifespan of 4000 h with an overpotential less than 12 mV at 0.5 mA cm−2. For Li−S cells, 100 % capacity retention up to thousands of cycles and enhanced rate capability are available. This work demonstrates a feasible strategy on electrolyte engineering for practical applications of Li−S batteries.
Unique Double and Triple Decker Arrangements of Rare‐Earth 9,10‐Diborataanthracene Complexes Featuring Single‐Molecule Magnet Characteristics
Authors: Uhlmann Cedric , Münzfeld Luca , Hauser Adrian , Ruan Ting‐Ting , Kumar Kuppusamy Senthil , Jin Chengyu , Ruben Mario , Fink Karin , Moreno‐Pineda Eufemio , Roesky Peter W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHerein, we present the first report on the synthesis of rare‐earth complexes featuring a 9,10‐diborataanthracene ligand. This 14‐π‐electron ligand is highly reductive and was previously used in small‐molecule activation. Salt elimination reactions between dipotassium 9,10‐diethyl‐9,10‐diborataanthracene [K2(DEDBA)] and [LnIII(η8‐CotTIPS)(BH4)(thf)x] (CotTIPS=1,4‐(iPr3Si)2C8H6) in a 1 : 1 ratio yielded heteroleptic sandwich complexes [K(η8‐CotTIPS)LnIII(η6‐DEDBA)] (Ln=Y, Dy, Er). These compounds form Lewis‐base‐free one‐dimensional coordination polymers when crystallised from toluene. In contrast, reaction of [K2(DEDBA)] and [LnIII(η8‐CotTIPS)(BH4)(thf)x] in a 1 : 2 ratio led to the formation of heteroleptic triple‐decker complexes [(η8‐CotTIPS)LnIII(μ‐η6:η6‐DEDBA)LnIII(η8‐CotTIPS)] (Ln=Y, Dy, Er). Notably, these are not only the first lanthanide triple‐decker compounds featuring a six‐membered ring as a deck but also the first trivalent lanthanide triple‐decker featuring a heterocycle in the coordination sphere. Magnetic investigations reveal that [K(η8‐CotTIPS)LnIII(η6‐DEDBA)] (Ln=Dy, Er) and [(η8‐CotTIPS)ErIII(μ‐η6:η6‐DEDBA)ErIII(η8‐CotTIPS)] exhibit Single‐Molecule Magnet (SMM) behaviour. In the case of [(η8‐CotTIPS)LnIII(μ‐η6:η6‐DEDBA)LnIII(η8‐CotTIPS)] (Ln=Dy, Er), the introduction of a second near lanthanide ion results in strong antiferromagnetic interactions, allowing the enhancement of the magnetic characteristic of the system, compared to the quasi isolated counterpart. This research renews the overlooked coordination chemistry of the DBA ligand and expands it to encompass rare‐earth elements.
Alkaline pretreatment and steam explosion process on coffee silverskin and incorporation of cellulose fibers in poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate)
Authors: Gondim Fernanda Fabbri , Rodrigues João Gabriel Passos , Tienne Lucas Galhardo Pimenta , de Oliveira Aguiar Vinicius , de Fátima Vieira Marques Maria 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this work, coffee silverskin (CSS) fibers were subjected to alkali pretreatment (ALK‐CSS) and alkali pretreatment, followed by a 4‐bar steam explosion process (SEW4). Both treated fibers presented a higher degree of crystallinity, enhanced thermal resistance and also cleaner, rough, and defibrillated surface due to the removal of noncellulosic components, as was shown in scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier‐transform infrared spectra, and x‐ray diffraction (XRD) results. The SEW4 fibers were incorporated into the poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) matrix in contents up to 5% wt. through melt processing. PBAT/SEW4 composites were evaluated by their microstructure, thermal properties, degree of crystallinity, and hydrophilic behavior. XRD results showed PBAT/SEW4 composites with higher degrees of crystallinity and contact angle tests revealed increased composite hydrophobicity with the increase of SEW4 content in the PBAT matrix. This work describes the importance of recovering coffee lignocellulosic waste and producing value‐added by‐products, especially in packaging manufacturing.
Carbon nanotube composites fabricated through filament winding process for battery preheating application
Authors: Ma Huan , Zheng Liangang , Wei Xiaoxiao , Xu Fujun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCarbon nanotube (CNT) polymer composites have broad application prospects in thermal management as electrothermal heaters. Nevertheless, challenge remains in achieving high electrical conductivity for the composites due to the contradiction between CNTs and insulated polymers. To address this issue, herein, innovative use of interface strategy approach by constructing synergistic nanomaterial networks on carboxyl CNTs yarn winding composites for improving the interfacial adhesion and electrical performance. In the work, carboxyl CNTs yarn/CNTs‐graphene oxide (GO) polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composites (C‐CY‐HP‐C) were proposed and manufactured via filament winding process. The as‐constructed C‐CY‐HP‐C demonstrated a remarkable interfacial shear strength of 2057.16 N mm−1, which was 53.59% higher than that of control CNTs yarn/PVA winding composites. In addition, the C‐CY‐HP‐C achieved an attractive electrical conductivity of 346.39 S cm−1 owing to the electronic transmission channels were formed. Notably, the superior electrical conductivity facilitated a rapid‐response of electrothermal performance for the C‐CY‐HP‐C. It reached a steady‐state temperature of 229.9°C within 10 s when the voltage was 1.2 V. Concurrently, it exhibited an impressive heating rate of 10.8°C min−1 at an ambient temperature of −20°C as the battery surface heater. These findings shed light on the development of technique for battery preheating system based on CNTs yarn/polymer composites.
Opal photonic crystal double‐network hydrogel for visual detection through structural color and fluorescent responsiveness
Authors: Lv Hanlin , Zheng Wan , Wang Yuhang , Hu Zhengsheng , Chen Yanjun , Wang Yifeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhotonic crystal hydrogels are widely used in the field of visual detection, based on the response of the structural color to external stimulus, such as pH, temperature, near‐infrared light, and so on. Here, we develop an opal photonic crystal hydrogel by combining polystyrene (PS) photonic crystals with a fluorescent double‐network hydrogel and focus on both its visual detection function and mechanical property. The opal hydrogel is composed of nanocomposite hydrogel as the first network and ionic crosslinked hydrogel as the second network. The introduction of PS photonic crystals and terbium ions endows the opal hydrogel distinctive structural colors and fluorescence, respectively. Because of volume changes, the structural color of the opal hydrogel selectively responses to metal ions and organic solvents. Attributing to the ion exchange interaction, the opal hydrogel exhibits fluorescent responses to various metal ions. Combining the responsiveness of structural color and fluorescence, a visual dual‐detection mode is set up, with better detection sensitivity and selectivity. Moreover, the characteristics of nanocomposite and double‐network crosslinking ensure the opal hydrogel enough mechanical properties to undergo cycle visual detection. Consequently, the fabricated opal hydrogel is promising for use in visual detection to multiple substances in single‐ or dual‐detection mode.