bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to Estimate Carbon Sequestration on Small Forest Tracts
Authors: Hoover C.M. , Birdsey R.A. , Heath L.S. , Stout S.L. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
International climate change agreements may allow carbon stored as a result of afforestation and reforestation to be used to offset CO2 emissions. Monitoring the carbon sequestered or released through forest management activities thus becomes important. Estimating forest carbon storage is feasible even for nonindustrial private forestland (NIPF) owners, and the necessary tools are available. We developed a methodology for estimating forest carbon storage at the management unit scale and tested the impacts of hypothetical management scenarios on carbon sequestration over time. We demonstrate the procedure on two military installations in the southeastern United States and discuss some practical considerations.
Sequestering Carbon and Improving Soils: Benefits of Mulching and Incorporating Forest Slash
Authors: Sanchez F.G. , Eaton R.J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Restoring the carbon and nutrient capital of degraded soils is an important goal for forest land managers in the southern United States. Models and preliminary field studies on loblolly pine indicate that incorporating slash into forest soil improves nutrients and carbon accumulation. Model simulations describe the potential to sequester carbon in soil, biomass, and wood products. The anticipated increases in carbon sequestered provide an opportunity for significant mitigation of atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. Moreover, the changes in soil properties, including better aeration, improved the environment for seedling survival and growth.
Measuring Forest Restoration Effectiveness in Reducing Hazardous Fuels
Authors: Fulé P.Z. , Waltz A.E.M. , Covington W.W. , Heinlein T.A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Forest restoration treatments of thinning young trees followed by prescribed burning in north-western Arizona led to significantly lower stand density, lower crown fuel load, and higher crown base height than untreated stands. Simulated fire under extreme weather conditions caused 48 percent more canopy burning and higher flame lengths, heat/area, and rate of spread in untreated stands. Wind speeds required for passive crown fire (torching) were twice as high in treated stands. Treated stands were highly heterogeneous, but restoration treatments clearly enhanced crown-fire resistance.
Social Complexity and the Management of Small-Diameter Stands
Authors: Findley A.J. , Carroll M.S. , Blatner K.A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The disposition of small-diameter forest stands is linked to forest health, ecological restoration, and timber harvest–highly contentious issues without public or technical consensus. We present results of a qualitative social assessment focusing on small-diameter stand management on the Colville National Forest in northeastern Washington to illustrate social complexity embedded in the decisions that confront forest managers. The discussion is broadened to suggest that the social complexity inherent in small-diameter stand management is an issue that must be confronted throughout the West (and to some extent the entire country), as increasing emphasis is placed on forest restoration on public lands.
Nontimber Forest Benefits and HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Barany M. , Hammett A.L. , Sene A. , Amichev B. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The HIV/AIDS epidemic is drastically reducing the agricultural workforce of sub-Saharan Africa, threatening household food security and the food supply throughout the region. Forests contribute to household nutrition and health and therefore should be considered in efforts to mitigate the socioeconomic impact of HIV/AIDS on rural agrarian households. Because little reference to forests and forest products exists in the literature concerned with the coping mechanisms of HIV/AIDS–affected households, we intend to draw attention to the importance of forest-based research in the context of these coping strategies.
Extension in Oregon: Educational Leadership for Sustainability
Authors: Reed A.S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Numerous public and private forestry organizations in Oregon work in educational partnership. Through its extension program, Oregon State University provides educational leadership statewide through more than 25 faculty members who collectively implement goals resulting from a comprehensive strategic planning process. New annual initiatives emerge from needs-based assessments that frequently use innovative tools and strategies leading to durable core programs. Sustainable forestry on private land continues to be a major goal through development of new policies and organizations.
People and Trees: Assessing the US Urban Forest Resource
Authors: Nowak D.J. , Noble M.H. , Sisinni S.M. , Dwyer J.F. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Urban areas in the conterminous United State doubled in size between 1969 and 1994, and currently cover 3.5 percent of the total land area and contain more than 75 percent of the US population. Urban areas contain approximately 3.8 billion trees with an average tree canopy cover of 27 percent. The extent and variation of urban forests across the 48 states are explored to help build a better understanding of this significant national resource. Urbanization and urban forests are likely to be a significant focus of forestry in the 21st century.
Point Relascope Sampling: A New Way to Assess Downed Coarse Woody Debris
Authors: Gove J.H. , Ducey M.J. , Ståhl G. , Ringvall A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article presents a practical review of one of two recently developed methods for sampling downed coarse woody debris in forest stands. The method discussed here, point relascope sampling, is closely related to the familiar horizontal point sampling and this relationship is demonstrated throughout. Formulas, worked examples, and guidelines for the field implementation of the technique are presented.
Autopsy of a Forestry Ballot Initiative: Characterizing Voter Support for Oregon's Measure 64
Authors: Kline J.D. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
On November 3, 1998, Oregon voters soundly rejected a ballot initiative intended to promote sustainable forestry practices and protect forest ecosystems by restricting clearcut logging and herbicide and pesticide use. We found that initiative support was greater in more urban counties composed of more educated residents earning higher incomes and with higher proportions of registered Democrats. Opposition was strongest in counties composed of higher proportions of forest industry employees and native-born Oregonians. Measure 64 voting data provide an opportunity to examine the potential relationship between the changing socioeconomic landscape and the public's perception of the role of forestry.
Forest Sustainability Discussion Guide Response: Sustainable Forestry: Definition is Long, But Too Narrow
Authors: Kernan H.S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Repeated readings of the February Journal persuade me that the definitions of sustainable forestry, more than the discussions and case studies, have relevance to my forestry in upstate New York and the country's 10 million or so other small private forest ownerships, whose motives and problems are not those of large holdings, public or private.
Riparian Management Practices: A Summary of State Guidelines
Authors: Blinn C.R. , Kilgore M.A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Individual states develop guidelines to protect and manage forest riparian resources. A review of 49 states' forest riparian guidelines revealed the primary focus is to protect the quality of water adjacent to perennial and intermittent streams and lakes. A commonly recommended riparian management zone is 50 feet wide with 50 to 75 percent crown closure (or 50–75 square feet per acre of residual basal area); however, the specific guidelines in each state vary tremendously. Although science cannot specify the management prescriptions needed to protect all riparian functions across all sites, understanding site-specific conditions is critical to effective guideline implementation.
Somatic and intergenerational G4C2 hexanucleotide repeat instability in a human C9orf72 knock-in mouse model
Authors: Kojak Nada , Kuno Junko , Fittipaldi Kristina E , Khan Ambereen , Wenger David , Glasser Michael , Donnianni Roberto A , Tang Yajun , Zhang Jade , Huling Katie , Ally Roxanne , Mujica Alejandro O , Turner Terrence , Magardino Gina , Huang Pei Yi , Kerk Sze Yen , Droguett Gustavo , Prissette Marine , Rojas Jose , Gomez Teodoro , Gagliardi Anthony , Hunt Charleen , Rabinowitz Jeremy S , Gong Guochun , Poueymirou William , Chiao Eric , Zambrowicz Brian , Siao Chia-Jen , Kajimura Daisuke 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Expansion of a G4C2 repeat in the C9orf72 gene is associated with familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD). To investigate the underlying mechanisms of repeat instability, which occurs both somatically and intergenerationally, we created a novel mouse model of familial ALS/FTD that harbors 96 copies of G4C2 repeats at a humanized C9orf72 locus. In mouse embryonic stem cells, we observed two modes of repeat expansion. First, we noted minor increases in repeat length per expansion event, which was dependent on a mismatch repair pathway protein Msh2. Second, we found major increases in repeat length per event when a DNA double- or single-strand break (DSB/SSB) was artificially introduced proximal to the repeats, and which was dependent on the homology-directed repair (HDR) pathway. In mice, the first mode primarily drove somatic repeat expansion. Major changes in repeat length, including expansion, were observed when SSB was introduced in one-cell embryos, or intergenerationally without DSB/SSB introduction if G4C2 repeats exceeded 400 copies, although spontaneous HDR-mediated expansion has yet to be identified. These findings provide a novel strategy to model repeat expansion in a non-human genome and offer insights into the mechanism behind C9orf72 G4C2 repeat instability.
Probing the CRL4DCAF12 interactions with MAGEA3 and CCT5 di-Glu C-terminal degrons
Authors: Righetto Germanna Lima , Yin Yanting , Duda David M , Vu Victoria , Szewczyk Magdalena M , Zeng Hong , Li Yanjun , Loppnau Peter , Mei Tony , Li Yen-Yen , Seitova Alma , Patrick Aaron N , Brazeau Jean-Francois , Chaudhry Charu , Barsyte-Lovejoy Dalia , Santhakumar Vijayaratnam , Halabelian Levon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Damaged DNA-binding protein-1 (DDB1)- and CUL4-associated factor 12 (DCAF12) serves as the substrate recognition component within the Cullin4–RING E3 ligase (CRL4) complex, capable of identifying C-terminal double-glutamic acid degrons to promote the degradation of specific substrates through the ubiquitin proteasome system. Melanoma-associated antigen 3 (MAGEA3) and T-complex protein 1 subunit epsilon (CCT5) proteins have been identified as cellular targets of DCAF12. To further characterize the interactions between DCAF12 and both MAGEA3 and CCT5, we developed a suite of biophysical and proximity-based cellular NanoBRET assays showing that the C-terminal degron peptides of both MAGEA3 and CCT5 form nanomolar affinity interactions with DCAF12 in vitro and in cells. Furthermore, we report here the 3.17 Å cryo-EM structure of DDB1–DCAF12–MAGEA3 complex revealing the key DCAF12 residues responsible for C-terminal degron recognition and binding. Our study provides new insights and tools to enable the discovery of small molecule handles targeting the WD40-repeat domain of DCAF12 for future proteolysis targeting chimera design and development.
Current and future advances in practice: IgG4-related disease
Authors: Wallace Zachary S , Katz Guy , Hernandez-Barco Yasmin G , Baker Matthew C 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an increasingly recognized cause of fibroinflammatory lesions in patients of diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds and is associated with an increased risk of death. The aetiology of IgG4-RD is incompletely understood, but evidence to date suggests that B and T cells are important players in pathogenesis, both of which are key targets of ongoing drug development programmes. The diagnosis of IgG4-RD requires clinicopathological correlation because there is no highly specific or sensitive test. Glucocorticoids are highly effective, but their use is limited by toxicity, highlighting the need for studies investigating the efficacy of glucocorticoid-sparing agents. B cell-targeted therapies, particularly rituximab, have demonstrated benefit, but no randomized clinical trials have evaluated their efficacy. If untreated or under-treated, IgG4-RD can cause irreversible organ damage, hence close monitoring and consideration for long-term immunosuppression is warranted in certain cases.
Current and future advances in practice: tendinopathies of the hip
Authors: Grimaldi Alison , Mellor Rebecca , Nasser Anthony , Vicenzino Bill , Hunter David J 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTendinopathy describes persistent tendon pain and loss of function related to mechanical loading. Two common hip tendinopathies seen in practice are gluteal tendinopathy and proximal hamstring tendinopathy. Both conditions can be frustrating for patients and clinicians due to the delay in diagnosis, significant disability caused and lack of response to common treatments. Tendinopathy is a clinical diagnosis and can most often be made using findings from the patient interview and pain provocation tests, without the need for imaging. Specific education and progressive exercise offer a low-risk and effective option for gluteal tendinopathy and result in greater rates of treatment success than corticosteroid injection, both in the short term (8 weeks) and at 1 year. Proximal hamstring tendinopathy is a common, but less researched, and under-recognized cause of persistent ischial pain. As research on proximal hamstring tendinopathy is limited, this review summarizes the available evidence on diagnosis and treatment following similar principles to other well-researched tendinopathies.
Interview Sequences and the Formation of Subjective Assessments
Authors: Radbruch Jonas , Schiprowski Amelie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Interviewing is a decisive stage of most processes that match candidates to firms and organizations. This article studies how and why a candidate’s interview outcome depends on the other candidates interviewed by the same evaluator. We use large-scale data from high-stakes admission and hiring processes, where candidates are quasi-randomly assigned to evaluators and time slots. We find that the individual assessment decreases as the quality of other candidates assigned to the same evaluator increases. The influence of the previous candidate stands out, leading to a negative autocorrelation in evaluators’ votes of up to 40% and distorting final admission and hiring decisions. Our findings are in line with a contrast effect model where evaluators form a benchmark through associative recall. We assess potential changes in the design of interview processes to mitigate contrasting against the previous candidate.
Transcriptional dynamics reveals the asymmetrical events underlying graft union formation in pecan (Carya illinoinensis)
Authors: Mo Zhenghai , Zhang Yan , Hou Mengxin , Hu Longjiao , Zhai Min , Xuan Jiping 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Grafting is a widely used technique for pecan propagation; however, the background molecular events underlying grafting are still poorly understood. In our study, the graft partners during pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] graft union formation were separately sampled for RNA-seq, and the transcriptional dynamics were described via weighted gene co-expression network analysis. To reveal the main events underlying grafting, the correlations between modules and grafting traits were analyzed. Functional annotation showed that during the entire graft process, signal transduction was activated in the scion, while messenger RNA splicing was induced in the rootstock. At 2 days after grafting, the main processes occurring in the scion were associated with protein synthesis and processing, while the primary processes occurring in the rootstock were energy release-related. During the period of 7–14 days after grafting, defense response was a critical process taking place in the scion; however, the main process functioning in the rootstock was photosynthesis. From 22 to 32 days after grafting, the principal processes taking place in the scion were jasmonic acid biosynthesis and defense response, whereas the highly activated processes associated with the rootstock were auxin biosynthesis and plant-type secondary cell wall biogenesis. To further prove that the graft partners responded asymmetrically to stress, hydrogen peroxide contents as well as peroxidase and β-1,3-glucanase activities were detected, and the results showed that their levels were increased in the scion not the rootstock at certain time points after grafting. Our study reveals that the scion and rootstock might respond asymmetrically to grafting in pecan, and the scion was likely associated with stress response, while the rootstock was probably involved in energy supply and xylem bridge differentiation during graft union formation.
Evolutionary and biogeographic patterns in the deep-sea echinoid families Pourtalesiidae Agassiz 1881 and Ceratophysidae fam. nov. (Echinoidea)
Authors: Minin Kirill V , Mironov Alexandr N , Petrov Nikolay B , Vladychenskaya Irina P 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The sea urchin family Pourtalesiidae is primarily an abyssal taxon, exhibiting extremely modified morphologies that have emerged as an adaptation for burrowing in soft sediment. Here, we present the first detailed molecular phylogeny of the family Pourtalesiidae. Both morphological and molecular evidence support the establishment of the family Ceratophysidae fam. nov. to accommodate seven former pourtalesiid genera. The name Pourtalesiidae is retained for the group of genera Cystocrepis and Pourtalesia. Based on morphological data, the fossil genus Galeaster is transferred to the monotypic family Galeasteridae fam. nov.. Families Pourtalesiidae and Ceratophysidae are each characterized by a unique pattern of plastron plating. Reconstructions indicate that elongated tests, as well as other adaptations for burrowing, evolved independently in these families. The evolutionary histories of pourtalesiids and ceratophysids are complex and include several instances of increase and decrease in this specialization. Molecular data support the Antarctic origin of Pourtalesiidae and Ceratophysidae, although for the latter the support is limited. The initial dispersal of pourtalesiids from the Antarctic occurred in the northward direction and included distribution of the least specialized forms throughout the eastern Pacific. Broad radiation of the more specialized forms apparently occurred later. The biogeographic history of the family Ceratophysidae is more complex and at present cannot be reconstructed reliably.
Small RNA and Degradome Deep Sequencing Reveal Regulatory Roles of MicroRNAs in Response to Sugarcane Mosaic Virus Infection on Two Contrasting Sugarcane Cultivars
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Huang Cuilin , Pan Kaiyuan , Yao Wei , Xia Rui , Zhang Muqing 
Published: April 2024

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an essential regulatory role in plant-virus interaction. However, few studies have focused on the roles of miRNAs and their targets after sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) infection in sugarcane. To address this issue, we conducted small RNA (sRNA) and degradome sequencing on two contrasting sugarcanes (SCMV-resistant ‘Fuoguo1’ [FG1] and susceptible ‘Badila’) infected by SCMV at five time points. A total of 1,578 miRNAs were profiled from 30 sRNA libraries, comprising 660 known miRNAs and 380 novel miRNAs. Differential expression analysis of miRNAs revealed that most were highly expressed during the SCMV exponential phase in Badila at 18 h postinfection, with expression profiles positively correlated with virus replication dynamics as observed through clustering. Analysis of degradome data indicated a higher number of differential miRNA targets in Badila compared to FG1 at 18 h postinfection. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis significantly enriched the stimulus-response pathway, suggesting negative regulatory roles to SCMV resistance. Specifically, miR160 upregulated expression patterns and validated in Badila through quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in the early stages of SCMV multiplication. Our research provides new insights into the dynamic response of plant miRNA and virus replication and contributes valuable information on the intricate interplay between miRNAs and SCMV infection dynamics. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Islr regulates satellite cells asymmetric division through the SPARC/p‐ERK1/2 signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Fan , Cao Yuxin , Wang Xiong , Zhang Kuo , Li Na , Su Yang , Zhang Yali , Meng Qingyong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSatellite cells (SCs) are adult muscle stem cells responsible for muscle regeneration after acute and chronic muscle injuries. The balance between stem cell self‐renewal and differentiation determines the kinetics and efficiency of skeletal muscle regeneration. This study assessed the function of Islr in SC asymmetric division. The deletion of Islr reduced muscle regeneration in adult mice by decreasing the SC pool. Islr is pivotal for SC proliferation, and its deletion promoted the asymmetric division of SCs. A mechanistic search revealed that Islr bound to and degraded secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), which activated p‐ERK1/2 signaling required for asymmetric division. These findings demonstrate that Islr is a key regulator of SC division through the SPARC/p‐ERK1/2 signaling pathway. These data provide a basis for treating myopathy.
Promoting Retention of Native American Nursing Students: Insights From a Qualitative Study
Authors: Bruce Cody 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

AIM
This qualitative study aimed to identify effective retention strategies for Native American nursing students.

BACKGROUND
Native Americans are underrepresented in nursing and health education programs, comprising only 1.3 percent of the nursing workforce in the United States.

METHOD
A basic qualitative design grounded in self-determination theory was used to solicit narrative accounts from 12 Native American nursing students.

RESULTS
Semistructured interviews revealed three themes: nursing program experience, methods to enhance persistence, and hindrances to persistence. Social support emerged as a critical factor, with participants emphasizing the significance of cultural awareness activities, safety classes, and celebrations fostering a sense of belonging.

CONCLUSION
The study found that social support, financial aid, and cultural awareness are essential for Native American nursing students to succeed. Limited resources and online learning challenges are barriers that need to be addressed. Tailored support systems, financial assistance, and culturally responsive education can enhance retention and success rates.