bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral itraconazole therapy for pityriasis versicolor
Authors: Georgiou S. , Monastirli A. , Pasmatzi E. , Zografakis C. , Tsambaos D. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe therapeutic efficacy and safely of oral itraconazole (200 mg/day for 7 days) was assessed in an open trial in 50 patients with pityriasis versicolor. At the end of the I‐week therapy complete remission and marked improvement were observed in 44% and 48% of the treated patients, respectively: 8% of the patients who showed no response were treated for 1 more week and also revealed a complete remission by the end of she 3‐week follow‐up (50/50). Headache and/or nausea occurred in 6% of the patients, whereas, the haematological and biochemical investigations revealed no abnormalities. The results of the present study clearly indicate that oral itraconazole is a highly efficacious and safe treatment for pityriasis versicolor.
Serum levels of soluble IL‐2 receptor, soluble ICAM‐1, TNF‐alpha, interleukin‐4 and interleukin‐6 in scleroderma
Authors: Bruns M. , Haustein U.F. , Hofmann Ch. , Herrmann K. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractBackground A variety of immunological markers have been reported to be elevated in patients with systemic scleroderma (SSc).Objective The aim of this study was to determine which of the following parameters: soluble IL‐2 receptor (sIL‐2r). soluble ICAM‐1 (sICAM‐1), tumour necrosis factor (TNF‐alpha), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and interleukin‐4 (IL‐4) reflect the clinical stage of the disease and how they correlate with each other.Methods In 31 scleroderma patients the serum levels of these markers were measured in the same blood sample using ELISA test kits. The results were correlated with clinical findings such as extent of skin disease, inflammatory disease activity and involvement of internal organs.Results SIL‐2r, slCAM‐1 and TNF‐alpha showed significant differences in subgroups of SSc patients in contrast to IL‐4and IL‐6, The five parameters did not correlate with each other.Conclusion sIL‐2r, sICAM‐1 and TNF‐alpha showed differences in subgroups of scleroderma and therefore they may be useful in further studies as markers of disease activity.
Itraconazole versus terbinafine (LAMISIL®): which is better for the treatment of onychomycosis?
Authors: Honeyman J.F. , Talarico Filho S. , Arruda L.H.F. , Jr. A.C. Pereira , Santamarta J.R. , Souza E.M. , Woscoff A. , Amorim Filho R. , De la Parra C.R. , Enokihara M.Y. , Gavazoni M.F. , Gubelin H.W. , Rosa S.P. , Turin M.A.G. , Vitale M.A. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjectives To compare the efficacy, safely and tolerability of oral terbinafine with itraconazole in patients with toenail onychomycosis treated for 4 months.Setting Departments of dermatology of six universities and one private clinic.Design Double‐blind double‐dummy, multicentric, multinational, parallel‐group therapeutic trial, involving 179 patients with toenail onychomycosis. Patients were randomly treated with either 200 mg/day oral itraconazole or 250 mg/day terbinafine for 4 months. After the 4th month both treatment groups received oral placebo for another 8 months. The total duration of the study was therefore 12 months. After the 12th month a final evaluation of efficacy was performed in 167 patients (85 on itraconazole and 82 on terbinafine) and a final evaluation of tolerability was performed in 175 patient.Results The dermatophytes identified at the initial visit were Trichophyton rubrum (82.1%), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (14%) and others (3.9%), The mycological cure rates at the end of the 4th and 12th months were 54.9% and 95.3% in the terbinafine group and 51.8% and 84.31% in the itraconazole group (the difference between the groups was. statistically significant at the 12th month, P < 0.04). Clinical cure was achieved by 8.5% and 9.4% of the patients in the terbinafine and itraconazole groups at the 4th month (not significant. NS) and these rates increased to 57.8% and 62.9%. respectively, at the 12th month (difference between groups NS, P > 0,05). A complete mycological cure associated with clinical improvement over 50%. was observed at the 4th month in 50% of the patients treated with terbinafine and 49.4% of the patients treated with itraconazole which was not statistically significant (NS). At the 12th month the rates increased to 95.4% with terbinafine and 75.7% with itraconazole (statistically significant. P < 0.001). Seven patients of the terbinafine group and 9 patients of the itraconazole group presented drug‐related side effects (NS). Six patients (6.3%) discontinued the study due to adverse events in the itraconazole group hut no patient discontinued in the terbinafine group. At entry into the study all subjects in both groups presented normal values in liver function tests which remained unchanged throughout the study in the patients of the terbinafine group. One patient of the itraconazole group presented small increases in SGOT and SGPT associated with abdominal pain and nausea.
The effectiveness of cyclosporine and photochemotherapy in the treatment of psoriasis: a retrospective study
Authors: Zonneveld I.M. , Witkamp L. , Bossuyt P.M.M. , Meinardi M.M.H.M. , Bos J.D. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjective In this retrospective study, the effectiveness of cyclosporine A (CsA) and photochemotherapy (PUVA) in inducing and maintaining remission has been evaluated for a 1 year period in 50 patients.Methods CsA was administered for induction of remission and continued as maintenance therapy. PUVA was given as a single course. Patients were classified into two groups: moderate psoriasis and severe psoriasis.Results Efficacy parameters showed a remission of 93% following one course of PUVA therapy versus 80% in the CsA group (P < 0.01) in moderate psoriasis. In severe psoriasis no differences were detectable. The mean induction of remission period with CsA was 12.5 weeks and with PUVA 13.5 weeks. Nine of 25 CsA treated patients and five of 25 PUVA treated patients failed to reach a remission within a period of 16 weeks. The mean maintenance of remission was 39 weeks in the CsA group and 33 weeks in the PUVA group.Conclusion These results indicate a preferential position of PUVA therapy to treat both moderate and severe psoriasis that does not respond to topical treatment.
Linear Darier's disease in a patient with recurrent carcinoma of the bladder reflects cutaneous mosaicism
Authors: Papadavid E. , Dawber R.P.R. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractWe report a case where occurrence of linear Darier's disease along Blaschko's lines followed radiotherapy due to the subject's recurrence of a longstanding carcinoma of the bladder. Scattered papules on the chest and hack preceded the exacerbation of the disease. In this case, localised linear disease may he triggered on a background of a more disseminated disease which raises the possibility that linear keratosis follicularis is a separate entity of cutaneous mosaicism for the mutation responsible for Darter's disease.
Eruptive pseudoangiomatosis induced by gestodene in an oral contraceptive
Authors: Amichai Boaz , Lazarov Aneta 
Published: July 2006

AbstractWe describe a case of eruptive pseudoangiomatosis triggered by the oral contraceptive Minulet® containing gestodene and ethinyloestradiol. A possible immunological mechanism in the induction of the skin lesions is suggested by the histopathological findings and a positive macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF) test for the progesterone components in Minulet®.
Naevus sudoriferus (local eccrine hyperhidrosis)
Authors: Rasmussen H. Boje , Ullman S. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractNaevus sudoriferus (local hyperhidrosis) or ephidrosis, in an 8‐year‐old girl is presented. The symptoms consisted of sweating in an area on the dorsal aspect of the right forearm and had been present for approximately 1 year. Episodes of hyperhidrosis occurred 2–4 times daily. The diagnosis was supported using the starch‐iodine sweat test, which delineated the area of sweat dysfunction, The patient was treated topically with aluminium chloride solution.
Sex as Reported in a Recent Sample of Psychological Research
Authors: Reardon Patrice , Prescott Suzanne 
Published: July 2006

This study is a follow up on the study done by Sara Schwabacher (1972). All the articles in this study were taken from the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1974, volume 30, and were reviewed for sex of subjects, type of conclusions drawn, and whether sex was mentioned in the abstract, introduction, or methods section. These results were compared to the Schwabacher study in order to discover if the conditions noted in her study continue to prevail, or whether there has been a change in scientific sampling and reporting procedures. Contrary to the previous study, the percentage of all male studies show a sharp drop of 15% while all female studies rose 22%. When comparing the amount of single sex studies overgeneralized, all-male studies remained proportionately the same, whereas overgeneralized all-female studies showed an increase of 35.5%. In addition more both-sex articles checked for sex differences than previously reported. The authors discuss the results in relation to the women's movement and scientific decision making. Three suggestions for scientific reporting and procedures are made.
Sex Differences in Response to Marijuana in a Social Setting
Authors: Adamec Cannie Stark , Pihl R. O. 
Published: July 2006

Due to the failure to include women in the subject samples of most experimental investigations of the effects of cannabis, the possibility exists that the data obtained on this social intoxicant are applicable to only 49% of the population. Those few studies that have compared males and females have focused on performance variables and have demonstrated very few differences. It was hypothesized that the most likely area for male/female marijuana differences would be that of social interactions and behaviors related to these interactions. In a relaxed, informal atmosphere, Es videotaped the social interactions of groups of female friends, female strangers, male friends, or male strangers as they smoked coltsfoot, placebo, and marijuana. In addition to social-condition and drug-condition differences, we obtained statistically significant effects indicating that the women responded both to the social situations and to the drug differently from the men. In general, the women interacted with each other more positively than did the men. These effects were paralleled by sex differences in mood, person perception, and even in how pleasurable or annoying the experimental tasks were. These data are of import not only in the area of cannabis research but in the field of social interactions and the study of female/male differences as well.
Now We Are Four: What Should We Be When We Grow Up?
Authors: Mednick Martha T. S. 
Published: July 2006

Soon after the beginning of my presidential year I concluded that I needed to devote my presidential address to the state of the division. This is not the traditional thing to do. What is customary, of course, is a substantive presentation, preferably one that revolutionizes the field. Indeed, our previous presidents followed tradition and spoke about role models, about continuing education, and about leadership styles. These are all important and interesting contributions to the psychology of women, and certainly there are still numerous topics that could stand consideration. Today we have ended our fourth year and entered the fifth, and so it seems like a very good time to have a look at how we got to be, who we are, where we have been, where we should go, and why. The purpose of my talk is to provide us with a basis for reflection. It is time to open a discussion of our social and professional goals.
Expanding The Theorizing Of Lesbian Experience
Authors: Morgan Kris S. 
Published: July 2006

Lesbians and Psychoanalysis: Revolutions in Theory and Practice, Judith M. Glassgold and Suzanne Iasenza (Eds.). New York: The Free Press, 1995. 385 pp., $35.00, ISBN: 0-02-874006–8. The Lesbian Family Life Cycle, Suzanne Slater. New York: The Free Press, 1995. 265 pp., $25.00, ISBN: 0-02-920895–5.
Mapping And Reshaping The Structure Of Masculinity
Authors: Brooks Gary R. 
Published: July 2006

Messages Men Hear: Constructing the Masculinities, Ian M. Harris. London: Taylor &Francis, 1995. 214 pp., $24.95 (paper), ISBN: 0-7484-0230–6. Masculinity Reconstructed: Changing the Rules of Manhood—At Work, in Relationships, and in Family Life, Ronald F. Levant with Gini Kopecky. New York: Dutton, 1995. 308 pp., $22.95 (cloth), ISBN: 0-525-93846-X.
Three Widely Divergent Views on Effective Treatment of Abuse
Authors: Gilbert Mary S. , Forrest Linda 
Published: July 2006

Treating Abuse in Families: A Feminist and Community Approach, Elaine Leeder. New York: Springer Publishing, 1994. 216 pp., $41.95, ISBN: 0-8261-8530-4. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing: Basic Principles, Protocols, and Procedures, Francine Shapiro. New York: Guilford Press, 1995. 398 pp., $40.00, ISBN: 0-89862-960-8. Ending the Cycle of Abuse: The Stories of Women Abused as Children and the Group Therapy Techniques That Helped Them Heal, Philip G. Neyand Anna Peters. New York: Brunner/Maxel, 1995. 246 pp., $23.95, ISBN: 0-87630-752-7.
Fragments of Wholeness
Authors: Sears Sharon , Crosby Faye J. 
Published: July 2006

Breaking the Mold: Women, Men, and Time in the New Corporate World, Lotte Bailyn. New York: Free Press, 1993. 189 pp., $22.95., ISBN: 0-02-901281-3. The Dynamics of Service: Reflections on the Changing Nature of Customer/Provider Interactions, Barbara A. Gutek. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1995. 304 pp., $29.95, ISBN: 0-7879-0101-6.
The Proteolytic Potential of Normal Human Melanocytes: Comparison With Other Skin Cells and Melanoma Cell Lines
Authors: BIZIK JOZEF , BESSOU SANDRINE , FELNEROVA DIANA , VAHERI ANTTI , TAÏEB ALAIN 
Published: July 2006

To understand the contribution of epidermal melanocytes in the proteolytic potential of human skin, we have studied melanocytes grown in a low‐serum medium deprived of phorbol esters, cholera toxin, and other non‐physiological supplements. We focused on the plasminogen activation system and certain matrix metalloproteinases (gelatinases). Supposing that the proteolytic activity of cells can influence binding to collagen matrix and its reorganization, we have analyzed these parameters as well. We found that human melanocytes secreted tissue‐type plasminogen activator and utilised it to generate cell‐bound plasmin. No urokinase‐type plasminogen activator was detected in the cultures but its receptor was found in cell extracts. Both the 72 kDa and 92 kDa gelatinases were secreted by the cells and in equal amounts. In addition, melanocytes secreted the wide‐spectrum proteinase inhibitor alpha‐2‐macroglobulin. Melanocytes cast into collagen matrices retained a rounded morphology, did not extend processes, and were unable to contract collagen lattices. As a control, these parameters were investigated in parallel in cultures of human keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts, and two melanoma cell lines.The obtained characteristics suggest that normal human melanocytes are proteolytically active cells. This function may pertain to skin physiology and pathophysiology.
Melanocytes In Vitro: How Do They Undergo Mitosis?
Authors: KIPPENBERGER STEFAN , BERND AUGUST , BEREITER‐HAHN JÜRGEN , RAMIREZ‐BOSCA ANA , KAUFMANN ROLAND 
Published: July 2006

Human melanocytes of the adult skin are slow‐cycling cells with a highly dendritic morphology. Nevertheless in vitro proliferation can be achieved using adequate stimulators. Time lapse studies revealed the morphologic changes during melanocyte mitosis: dendrites are drawn back into the cell body, the cell becomes spherical and detaches from the support. Cell division takes place while the cell is suspended. Consecutively the two cells reattach to the support and form new dendrites.About 1% cells per culture are detached from the support and ca. 70% of these cells are viable and putative within mitosis. By every medium change mitotic cells become withdrawn supporting selection of G0‐cells, Therefore we recommend centrifugation of exhausted medium in order to add mitotic cells back to the culture.
In Situ and In Vitro Expression of Protein Kinase C Alpha in Human Melanocytes
Authors: SHOJI TORU , PARK HEE‐YOUNG , JALBERT NICOLE , BHAWAN JAG , BYERS H. RANDOLPH 
Published: July 2006

Protein kinase C (PKC) is a multigene family of at least 12 isoforms involved in the transduction of extracellular signals. We investigated whether PKC‐α, a major isoform known to be relatively abundant in brain tissue, is increased in human melanocytes relative to keratinocytes in vitro and in situ.Immunohistochemical staining for PKC‐α in frozen neonatal human foreskin exhibited intermittent 2–3+ staining along the basal cell layer consistent with melanocytes, and 0–1+ staining of keratinocytes (on a scale of 0–3). Microscopic densitometry of the intermittent cellular staining was at least 3‐fold greater than that of adjacent keratinocyte cell cytoplasm. Sequential frozen sections revealed similar intermittent cell staining with PKC‐α and Mel‐5 (tyrosinase related protein‐1), known to specifically react with melanocytes. Northern blot analysis with a specific cDNA probe for PKC‐α showed strong PKC‐α mRNA expression in cultured melanocytes, whereas PKC‐α mRNA in cultured non‐stratifying keratinocytes was expressed at low levels. Western blot analysis revealed a prominent PKC‐α band at approximately 80 kDa in melanocytes as opposed to a weak band in keratinocytes. Densitometry of the northern and western blots revealed that melanocytes had at least 10‐fold more PKC‐α mRNA and approximately 6‐fold more PKC‐α protein expression than keratinocytes. Total PKC activity measured in vitro revealed that melanocytes had 5‐fold more activity than keratinocytes. The marked difference in melanocyte and keratinocyte expression of PKC‐α provides further evidence for cell type specificity in the balance of PKC‐α expression and may implicate differential PKC isoform signaling pathways in neuro‐ectodermally derived cells.
N‐Acetyl‐L‐Tyrosine (NAT) as a Substrate for Mushroom Tyrosinase
Authors: KAHN VARDA , BEN‐SHALOM NOAH 
Published: July 2006

N‐acetyl tyrosine (NAT) is hydroxylated by mushroom tyrosinase and the N‐acetyl dopa formed is oxidized by the enzyme to N‐acetyl dopaquinone (λmax= 390 ± 10 nm). H2O2 and NH2OH each shortened the lag period of NAT hydroxylation by the enzyme. H2O2 had an effect on the changes with time in the spectrum of product(s) formed and on the spectrum of the final product(s) obtained when NAT was hydroxylated by mushroom tyrosinase, in a manner suggesting that H2O2 converts N‐acetyl dopaquinone to a pink‐violet product(s) (λmax= 490 nm), whereas such a product(s) was not formed in the absence of H2O2.A pink‐violet product(s) (λmax 490 ± 20 nm) was also formed when NAT was hydroxylated by mushroom tyrosinase in the presence of NH2OH or para amino benzoic acid (PABA), probably as a result of an interaction between N‐acetyl dopaquinone and NH2OH or PABA forming mono‐ or di‐oximes.Kojic acid (5‐hydroxy‐2‐hydroxymethyl)‐4H‐pyran‐4‐one) inhibited effectively the rate of NAT hydroxylation by mushroom tyrosinase in the absence or presence of H2O2. When NAT was oxidized by the enzyme in the absence of kojic acid, N‐acetyl dopaquinone was formed at once and a shoulder at 490–530 nm appeared later. Under identical conditions but in the presence of kojic acid, a yellow product(s), characterized by a peak at 320±10 nm, was detected, suggesting that N‐acetyl dopaquinone oxidizes kojic acid to the yellow product(s).Maltol(3‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐4H‐pyran‐4‐one), a γ‐pyrone derivative structurally related to kojic acid, also inhibited the rate of NAT hydroxylation by mushroom tyrosinase. The addition of maltol at the plateau phase of the reaction resulted in an immediate decline in absorbance at 400 nm, suggesting that maltol conjugates with N‐acetyl dopaquinone, yielding a product(s) characterized by a lower extinction coefficient at 400 nm than that of N‐acetyl dopaquinone alone.The final brown‐red product(s) formed when NAT was hydroxylated by mushroom tyrosinase was bleached in the presence of ascorbic acid or H2O2.
The Mechanism of Melanocyte Dendrite Formation: The Impact of Differentiating Keratinocytes
Authors: KIPPENBERGER STEFAN , BERND AUGUST , BEREITER‐HAHN JÜGEN , RAMIREZ‐BOSCA ANA , KAUFMANN ROLAND 
Published: July 2006

In human epidermis one dendritic melanocyte interacts with about 36 keratinocytes and supplies them with melanin. In contrast to the vivo situation melanocytes in culture are far less dendritic.In the present study different culture systems were tested in order to observe the mechanism of melanocyte dendrite formation. In particular, we focused on the role of keratinocytes in this process. Time lapse studies revealed that only differentiated keratinocytes enhance melanocyte dendricity. Differentiated keratinocytes form connected cell sheets, which attach to part of the melanocyte plasma membrane. By contraction and retraction of keratinocyte units, new dendrites were drawn out from the melanocytes. Melanocytes remain passive during this process, which is indicated by the observation that sometimes extended dendrites could not withstand the tension and shear.
Human Melanoma Cell Lines Show Little Relationship Between Expression of Pigmentation Genes and Pigmentary Behaviour In Vitro
Authors: EBERLE J. , WAGNER M. , MACNEIL S. 
Published: July 2006

Several laboratories are pursuing the question of whether the expression of pigment genes can be used as a useful marker for tumour progression. However, many melanoma tumours are amelanotic in vivo. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the expression of tyrosinase‐related genes [tyrosinase, tyrosinase‐related protein‐1 (TRP‐1) and tyrosinase‐related protein‐2 (TRP‐2)] and pigmentation of melanoma cells. Fourteen cutaneous melanoma cell lines were examined for visible pigment, melanin content, and dopa oxidase activity and findings were related to the previously determined expression of the three tyrosinase‐related genes in these cells in culture. Four of the cell lines were also stimulated with α‐MSH, isobutylmethylxanthine, and forskolin to examine the relationship between induced pigmentation and upregulation of pigmentation genes.There was no simple correlation between pigmentation gene expression and dopa oxidase activity or total melanin content of the 14 melanoma cell lines in culture. In the majority of cells, there was no appreciable pigment, whereas, in contrast, half of the cells showed significant dopa oxidase activity. Upregulation of dopa oxidase activity was achieved by α‐MSH in two out of four cell lines examined in detail and with IBMX in three out of four of these cell lines. IBMX increased tyrosinase gene expression in all four cell lines; α‐MSH was without effect; and TRP‐1 and TRP‐2 expression were largely unaffected by IBMX or α‐MSH. Modest changes in morphology were noted in response to IBMX. Overall, however, human melanoma cell lines were, with two exceptions, amelanotic in culture despite the fact that 10 out of the 14 lines expressed tyrosinaserelated genes. We conclude that measurable pigmentation is not a necessary consequence of the expression of pigmentation genes. An implication of this work is that amelanotic tumours in vivo may nevertheless be positive for tyrosinase‐related genes.