bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of treated wooden electricity distribution poles in service in Uganda
Authors: Otuko E. , Mugabi P. , Nabatanzi T. , Kityo P. , Kakeeto P. , Kinhonhi I. , Kansiime F. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA) and Creosote-treated eucalypts are the preferred material for wooden electricity distribution poles in Uganda despite their susceptibility to biodegradation. This study assessed the extent of premature pole failure, its causes and the service life of poles in Uganda. A mixed-methods approach was used to collect and analyse data including: (i) Secondary data extraction (ii) stakeholder interviews (iii) focus group discussions, and (iv) field observations. The results showed that over 8.3% of poles supplied between 2017 and 2021. failed prematurely translating to over USD. 8.8 million in replacement costs. Fungal decay and termite damage were the leading causes of pole failure accounting for 85.3% of CCA-treated poles and 67% of creosote-treated poles. Further analysis indicated that the average service life of poles in Uganda was about 10 years. The cause of pole failure, point of failure and geographic location of the pole in service were identified as the main factors to explain premature pole failure. To minimise failure, it is recommended that pole sourcing, handling, seasoning and preservative treatment are conducted according to applicable country and regional standards.
Evaluating Immunoreactivity of Polyclonal Antibodies Developed against AU-565 Cell Line for Diagnosis and Immunotherapy of Breast Cancer
Authors: IHLAMUR Murat , DEMİRCİOĞLU Atıfcan , ZORBA Aslı Pınar , ABAMOR Emrah Şefik , BAĞIROVA Melahat , ALLAHVERDİYEV Adil 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer type in women and approximately 700 thousand people around the world lose their lives due to breast cancer every year. Mammography and ultrasound are the techniques that are frequently applied for the diagnosis of breast cancer. However they involve several limitations such as low sensitivity and exposing to high radiation. Additionally, false negative and false positive results could be obtained in conventional diagnostic methods for breast cancer. So it is crucial to generate new diagnostic kits which enable rapid and accurate detection of breast cancer. Antibodies created using hybridoma technology can be considered in the diagnostic kits since they are important tools to bind cancer cell antigens. Although monoclonal antibodies are usually utilized in antibody-mediated diagnostic kits and they possess high specificity in diagnosis and treatment, they conversely indicate low avidity to tumor antigens in comparison to polyclonal antibodies because they can only bind to a single epitope region. Therefore, polyclonal antibodies display a pivotal role in recognition of many epitopes of breast cancer cells. The major aim of this study is to create polyclonal antibodies against whole cell lysate of AU-565 cell line by hybridoma technology and examine their diagnostic value by comparing with conventional antibodies. The acquired tumor cell antigens were supplemented with two distinct adjuvants Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) and Polyoxidonium (PO) while preparing the formulations for immunization. Thus we also evaluated in vivo immunogenic properties of antigen-adjuvant combinations and compared immunostimulatory efficacies of CFA and PO over prepared antigens. The outputs revealed that whole cell antigens reinforced with CFA demonstrated robust immunostimulatory activities, in vivo by enhancing the produced antibody levels in mice excessively. Polyclonal antibodies that were obtained from spleens of mice immunized with AU-565 cell antigens and CFA combinations were highly effective to capture the antigens that were isolated from different breast cancer cell line. It was detected that obtained polyclonal antibodies exhibited stronger immune reactions with breast cancer antigens when compared with conventional antibodies. Consequently, considerable immunostimulatory performance of AU-565 cell antigens and CFA combination was shown as a vaccine candidate and high diagnostic value of polyclonal antibodies produced in response to vaccination with mentioned formulation was established for the first time in the present study.
WITHDRAWN: Understanding the Influence of Cultural Factors on Entrepreneurial Behavior
Authors: DeScioli Peter 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This qualitative research explores the influence of cultural factors on entrepreneurial behavior, drawing on semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with entrepreneurs from diverse cultural backgrounds. The findings reveal that cultural values, social networks, perceptions of failure and risk, and regulatory and institutional factors play significant roles in shaping entrepreneurial motivations, decisions, and outcomes. Individualistic cultures tend to prioritize entrepreneurship as a pathway to personal success, while collectivistic cultures emphasize social harmony and stability, impacting attitudes towards risk-taking and innovation. Social networks provide valuable resources and support for entrepreneurs but can also perpetuate inequalities and restrict access to opportunities for marginalized groups. Cultural attitudes towards failure and risk influence entrepreneurial resilience and persistence, with cultures that embrace failure as a learning experience fostering a more conducive environment for innovation. Regulatory and institutional factors shape the legal and regulatory environment for entrepreneurship, with transparent and predictable institutions facilitating entrepreneurial activity. The concept of cultural entrepreneurship highlights the role of cultural heritage and creativity in driving economic development while preserving cultural identity. Overall, the study underscores the importance of recognizing and embracing cultural diversity in entrepreneurial ecosystems to foster inclusive and sustainable economic growth.
Exposure manipulation strategies for balancing computational efficiency and precision in seismic risk analysis
Authors: Papadopoulos Athanasios , Roth Philippe , Danciu Laurentiu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Exposure models for regional seismic risk assessment often place assets at the centroids of administrative units for which data are available. At best, a top-down approach is followed, where such data are spatially disaggregated over a denser spatial grid, using proxy datasets such as the distribution of population or the density of night-time lights. The resolution of the spatial grid is either dictated by the resolution of the proxy dataset, or by constraints in computational resources. On the other hand, if a building-by-building database is available, it often needs to be aggregated and brought to a resolution that ensures acceptable calculation runtimes and memory demands. Several studies have now investigated the impact of exposure aggregation on loss estimates. Herein, unlike previous attempts, we can leverage upon an extensive building-by-building database for the Swiss territory, which we can use as ground truth. We firstly proceed to assess the aggregation-induced errors of standard risk metrics at different spatial scales. Then a new strategy for performing said aggregation is proposed, relying on a K-means clustering of site parameters and a reduction of the loss ratio uncertainty for aggregated assets. These interventions are designed with the objective of minimizing errors, while keeping the computational cost manageable.
Sludge from sea-based Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) production: quantification, composition, and potential application in IMTA
Authors: Anglade Inka , Krogli Trygve M. , Reitan Kjell Inge 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Future growth of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in Norway is tied to finding solutions for major ecological challenges connected to salmon lice, escapees, and nutrient emissions from sea cages. At the same time, nutrient-rich sludge from salmon production comprises a valuable resource for the cultivation of lower trophic species using an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) approach. This study aimed to quantify the sedimentation of waste sludge under sea cages of an Atlantic salmon aquaculture site and to qualify the composition of this sludge. Additionally, the study evaluated the potential use of sludge from sea-based aquaculture as a feed source for polychaetes Hediste diversicolor. Using sediment traps, sludge samples were collected from two different sea cages, at two different depths, and three different sampling dates. Subsequently, they were quantified, and their composition was assessed with regards to carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, lipid, fatty acid, protein, amino acid, and ash content as well as elemental ratios and composition of fatty acids and amino acids. The quantity of collected sludge was significantly different between sea cages, with a strong positive correlation between feed input and collected sludge. Sampling depth did not affect the quantity of collected sludge. No significant difference in the proportion of sedimented sludge as a proportion of theoretically produced sludge was found when comparing the different cages and sampling depths. Further, the composition of collected sludge was similar at all sampling points. The overall nutritional value was lower compared to sludge from land-based aquaculture, regardless, sludge from sea-based salmon production can in theory be considered as a potential feed resource to be used for the production of polychaetes H. diversicolor.
Renyi Holographic dark energy models in Saez-Ballester theory of gravitation
Authors: Sireesha K. V.S. , Satyanarayana P. E. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

We construct anisotropic and spatially homogeneous Renyi holographic dark energy (RHDE) models in this research's Saez and Ballester scalar-tensor of gravity. As IR cutoff, we examine both the Hubble and Granda Oliveros horizons. To provide a deterministic solution to the model's field equations, we assume a relationship of the metric potentials, which results in an accelerated expansion. We get several crucial cosmological parameters such as Hubble, deceleration, and Equation of state, as well as \({w}_{de}- {w}_{de}^{{\prime }}\) planes, to explore the physical behaviour of our dark energy models. Furthermore, the squared speed of sound provides stability for the RHDE model with the Hubble horizon but unstable behaviour for the RHDE model with the Granda-Oliveros horizon. In both models, State finder diagnostic and the deceleration parameters represents the rapid expansion of the cosmos and corresponds to the \({\Lambda }\)CDM model.
Mitochondria-Targeted Oligomeric α-Synuclein Induces TOM40 Degradation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease and Parkinsonism-Dementia of Guam
Authors: Hegde Muralidhar , Vasquez Velmarini , Kodavati Manohar , Mitra Joy , Vendula Indira , Hamilton Dale , Garruto Ralph , Rao K.S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a central aspect of Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology, yet the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This study investigates the link between α-Synuclein (α-Syn) pathology and the loss of translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane 40 (TOM40), unraveling its implications for mitochondrial dysfunctions in neurons. We discovered that TOM40 protein depletion occurs in the brains of patients with Guam Parkinsonism Dementia (Guam PD) and cultured neurons expressing α-Syn proteinopathy, notably, without corresponding changes in TOM40 mRNA levels. Cultured neurons expressing α-Syn mutants, with or without a mitochondria-targeting signal (MTS) underscore the role of α-Syn's mitochondrial localization in inducing TOM40 degradation. Parkinson’s Disease related etiological factors, such as 6-hydroxy dopamine or ROS/metal ions stress, which promote α-Syn oligomerization, exacerbate TOM40 depletion in PD patient-derived cells with SNCA gene triplication. Although α-Syn interacts with both TOM40 and TOM20 in the outer mitochondrial membrane, degradation is selective for TOM40, which occurs via the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) pathway. Our comprehensive analyses using Seahorse technology, mitochondrial DNA sequencing, and damage assessments, demonstrate that mutant α-Syn-induced TOM40 loss results in mitochondrial dysfunction, characterized by reduced membrane potential, accumulation of mtDNA damage, deletion/insertion mutations, and altered oxygen consumption rates. Notably, ectopic supplementation of TOM40 or reducing pathological forms of α-Syn using ADP-ribosylation inhibitors ameliorate these mitochondrial defects, suggesting potential therapeutic avenues. In conclusion, our findings provide crucial mechanistic insights into how α-Syn accumulation leads to TOM40 degradation and mitochondrial dysfunction, offering insights for targeted interventions to alleviate mitochondrial defects in PD.
Impulsivity Mediates the Relationship between Sleep Quality and Interpersonal Functioning: A Cross-sectional Study in a Sample of University Students
Authors: III Brian J. Farrell , Emmerton Robert W. , Camilleri Christina , Sammut Stephen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Amid the current mental health pandemic, research continues to investigate potential contributors associated with increasing levels of negative mental health. Among such contributors is sleep, which is vital for physiological and psychological functioning with potential downstream behavioral consequences, including in relation to impulsivity and social functioning. Given the significant rates of poor sleep quality reported in the literature, our study sought to investigate the relationship between sleep quality, impulsivity and interpersonal functioning among university students.
Methods
An anonymous online survey was administered to university students (Ages 18+; N = 526; 33% male, 67% female) addressing demographics, sleep quality, impulsivity, and interpersonal functioning.
Results
Our findings indicate a substantial proportion of students reporting poor sleep quality and impulsivity. Moreover, higher levels of impulsivity and lower interpersonal functioning were associated with poor sleep quality. Mediation analysis revealed a significant mediating role of attentional impulsivity in the relationship between sleep quality and interpersonal functioning.
Conclusions
Repeated reports of significant levels of impulsivity underlying numerous psychiatric disorders, its prevalence socially, and the fundamental issue that impulsivity reflects (i.e., lack of self-control/self-discipline), suggests a necessity to reorient therapeutic efforts towards the root of the problem. Thus, efforts should seek to maximize preventative behaviors that build character/virtue and strengthen the individual (e.g., improving sleep quality and minimizing impulsivity), including through self-discipline and perseverance, in order to reduce negative outcomes (e.g., dysfunctional interpersonal functioning).
Magnetic Resonance Imaging valuation of cases of Multiple sclerosis at Al-Mowasat University Hospital
Authors: khattab Khalid , Alrekab Raneem , Dergham Rama , Mashfig Mafa , Shdid Danny 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Multiple sclerosis is considered one of the most common neurological diseases in young people, and because it manifests clinically with very diverse symptoms, which reflects the diversity of the characteristics of the lesions in this disease in terms of location, number, and severity, it is diagnosed qualitatively with magnetic resonance imaging.
Objective
To study the role of radiological, laboratory and clinical diagnostic methods in detecting the locations of demyelinating plaques to develop the best treatment plan to achieve optimal recovery.
Methods Materials:
This study was conducted according to a retrospective cross-sectional study, where samples were taken from the patient files, which numbered 1,320 patients inside the hospital to represent the study population. The sample was collected directly from the study site, and infections were distributed according to the months of the year, between the years 2020 and 2023, and according to age groups. Comparison was also made between CT and MRI findings.
Results
The average age of multiple sclerosis was between 22 years and 46 years, with 65% females and 35% males. We found that the percentage of hypodense foci in the white matter in the striatum was 64.11%, and the diameter of plaques larger than 1 cm was 20%, and those smaller in diameter were 10%, and the percentage Plaques were seen with resonance in 30%, and the smallest in diameter was 70%. The plaques were most commonly distributed around the ventricles (80%), and the most common shape was round (85%). Most lesions showed lesion enhancement (85%).
Conclusion
Magnetic resonance imaging is the gold standard for diagnosis. Imaging is done with a closed magnetic resonance device with an intensity of 1.5 Tesla. The optimal follow-up and comparison is done with the same device and with injections. Finally, the diagnostic loophole is the failure to use the spectral resonator despite its presence in the hospital.
Assessing Subclinical Schizotypal Personality Traits: Development and Validation of the Deenz Schizotypal Personality Scale (DSPS-27)
Authors: Dar Deen Mohd 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Deenz Schizotypal Personality Scale (DSPS-27) was developed to assess various facets of schizotypal personality traits in non-clinical populations. The main aim is to provide a comprehensive evaluation of suclincal-traits such as fantastical beliefs, social discomfort, unusual hobbies, superstitious thinking, perceptual anomalies, unusual thinking patterns, suspiciousness, emotional restraint, and peculiar behaviors. In a study involving 72 college students (30 female, 42 male), the DSPS-27 demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.91), indicating strong reliability in measuring the targeted constructs. The scale’s effectiveness in identifying early signs of schizotypal personality traits was evident, with significant correlations observed between DSPS-27 scores and established measures of schizotypal personality traits, demonstrating convergent validity.
A comparison of the Auto and FMCG sectors with the Nifty50
Authors: Ghosh Saugata 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The process of choosing a set of stocks that represent the entire market or a particular industry or market segment results in the creation of a stock market index. The purpose of stock market indexes is to represent the general behaviour of equity markets. The Nifty 50 is
a well-diversified 50-stock index that serves as a representation of the performance of the Indian economy by including all significant economic sectors. It is employed in many different contexts, including index funds, index-based derivatives, and fund portfolio bench marking. This paper’s goal is to analyse the Nifty 50 in relation to the Auto and FMCG industries. The analysis has taken into consideration data from the pharmaceutical, financial services, and Nifty 50 sectors spanning twelve years, from 2012 to 2023.
The novel circRNA hsa_circ_0000038 inhibits the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by sponging miR-92a-2-5p to regulate the p53/p21 proteins
Authors: sihang  , luo mengting , zeng zhengyuan , shen lei , Zou Renchao , wei jia , zhou taicheng , feng qian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background The abnormal regulation of circular RNA (circRNA) levels is commonly identified in human diseases, particularly malignant tumors. Recently, the diagnostic value of circRNAs has received increased attention. The detailed mechanisms of various cancer and circular RNAs need more research to clarify, including hepatocellular carcinoma HCC.Methods We utilized quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to measure the expression level of hsa_circ_0000038 in paired hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and adjacent noncancerous liver tissues. GO annotation and enrichment analysis were used to examine the potential downstream pathways. RT-qPCR and western blotting were conducted to evaluate the expression of the p53/p21pathway. CCK-8, wound closure, and Transwell assays were used to measure cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were used to investigate the interactions between miR-92a-2-5p and hsa_circ_0000038.Results Levels of hsa_circ_0000038 were downregulated in HCC tissues and cells. Overexpression of hsa_circ_0000038 inhibited tumor growth in vivo and blocked the hepatocarcinoma cell cycle at the G0–G1 phase and repressed cell proliferation, invasion, and migration of HCC cells in vitro, while co-transfection of miR‐92a-2‐5p partially attenuated the effects mediated by hsa_circ_0000038. The expression of miR-92a-2-5p was decreased in HCC tissues and promoted cell proliferation and the cell cycle in vitro. hsa_circ_0000038 acted as a sponge for miR-92a-2-5p, and Tp53 gene was the target of miR-92a-2-5p. Hsa_circ_0000038 inhibited the progression of tumor growth by inhibiting the miR-92a-2-5p/p53/p21 axis.Conclusion Our study reveals aberrant circRNA expression profiles in HCC tissues. Hsa_circ_0000038 regulates the miR-92a-2-5p/p53/p21 axis and be involved in HCC development.
Seasonal Variability and Long-Term Winter Shoaling of the Upper Mixed Layer in the Southern Baltic Sea.
Authors: Bulczak Anna , Rak Daniel , Jakacki Jaromir , Muzyka Maciej , Nowak Kacper , Walczowski Waldemar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The upper ocean mixed layer plays a crucial role in regulating the exchange between the ocean and the atmosphere. The Mixed Layer Depth (MLD) is a key parameter affecting the air-sea exchanges of momentum and heat and determining the upper ocean temperature. Numerous previous studies have investigated MLD variability in the global ocean or regional seas but no such studies were carried in the Baltic Sea. In this study, we present the first observational assessment of the MLD and its properties in the Southern Baltic Sea including quantification of its seasonal and long-term changes and identification of the multi-year winter shoaling. We calculated monthly maps of MLD in the southern Baltic Sea using a large number of historical CTD profiles collected in 1995- 2021 from a combination of different data sets. To test the robustness of the results we compared the MLDs calculated using different threshold methods. Throughout the southern Baltic Sea, across its three basins, a distinct seasonality is evident in the MLD, with values varying from 12 m in July to 60 min December- March. During winter the water column is well mixed down to the upper halocline depth and the MLD reaches about 45 m in the Bornholm Basin, 50 m in the Slupsk Furrow, and 60 m in the Gdansk Basin. The observed global warming and decadal changes in the salty inflows from the North Sea to the Baltic have had an impact on stratification by increasing water densities in the intermediate and deep layers. Consequently, density gradients have strengthened with depth while the upper ocean mixing has weakened during the winter season. The results reveal a significant winter shoaling of the mixed layer by 4 meters per decade, driven by the increased stratification due to rising temperatures and salinity. These changes could have significant impacts on the dynamics and productivity of marine ecosystems.