bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of hydrogen inhalation on cardiovascular and interstitial components of pulmonary hypertension in rats
Authors: Kuropatkina T. A. , Gufranov K. F. , Sychev F. Yu. , Artemieva M. M. , Bondarenko G. N. , Esaulenko D. I. , Samoylenko T. V. , Shyshkina V. V. , Medvedeva N. A. , Medvedev O. S. 
Published: February 2024

Hydrogen is known to have selective antioxidant properties. It binds highly reactive hydroxyl radicals. The pathogenesis of the monocrotaline animal model of pulmonary hypertension is associated with oxidative stress and leads to all the symptoms of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with hypertension.The aim of this work was to study the effect of 4% hydrogen inhalations on the symptoms of PH and ILD in rats.Methods. To model monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension (MCT-PH), two groups of animals received a single subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline (MCT) on day 1. The control group was injected subcutaneously with MCT solvent only. The animals receiving MCT were further divided into 2 subgroups. Subgroup 1 rats breathed room air and subgroup 2 rats breathed a mixture of room air and 4% hydrogen. The regular inhalations continued until day 21. On day 21, hemodynamic parameters were measured under urethane anesthesia, the heart and its components and the lungs were weighed, and lung tissue was preserved for morphological study.Results. The inhalation had no effect on the main cardiovascular symptoms of PH, but a positive effect on the state of the connective tissue of the lungs affected by PH was shown. The mast cell response was reduced both quantitatively and functionally. There was a decrease in tryptase expression by mast cells, with predominance of the forms without signs of degranulation. TGF-β secretion was also significantly reduced and visualized by immunopositive cells in alveolar cellular structures and vessel walls.Conclusion. Inhalation of 4% hydrogen reduces inflammation and fibrosis of lung tissue during the development of MCT-PH.
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: X-ray morphological comparisons
Authors: Samsonova M. V. , Timofeeva A. S. , Pakhomov P. V. , Pershina E. S. , Cherniaev A. L. , Makarova M. A. , Cherniak A. V. 
Published: February 2024

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare, slowly progressing disease characterized by a tumor-like overgrowth of smooth muscle fibers in the interstitial lung tissue, around blood and lymph vessels, bronchi, bronchioles, in lymph nodes. The disease has mainly been described in women of childbearing age, with a mean age of diagnosis of about 35 years.Methods. This retrospective, cohort study included 16 patients who were diagnosed with LAM at the age of 17 – 53 years (Me – 39, HQ – 42.5, LQ – 30.5). The calculation of the volumetric area of cystic lesion in the entire volume of the lungs was carried out using the GE aws 3.2 Thoracic VCAR software. To assess the area of cystic lesion on histological sections, we calculated area of cystic formations, in the walls of which smooth muscle nodules were found. For statistical analysis, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, the Mann – Whitney U-test (p < 0.05), and the Spearman correlation analysis were used.Results. Morphometric analysis of histological preparations of the lungs showed no statistically significant difference between women of young age and older age. A correlation was found between the volumetric area of cystic lesion on CT and FEV1 (correlation coefficient = –0.886). Baseline median area of cysts was larger in patients who later deteriorated, while condition of patients with a smaller area of cysts remained stable (2.677 vs 1.119 mm2 correspondingly).Conclusion. The volumetric area of cystic lesions in LAM correlates with functional parameters. The size of cysts in LAM may determine the prognosis of the course of the disease, because the formation of larger cysts is an unfavorable prognostic factor that increases the risk of developing pneumothorax.
Mitochondria as a key target of molecular hydrogen
Authors: Nesterov S. V. , Rogov A. G. , Vasilov R. G. 
Published: February 2024

The aim of the work was to systematize the data on the biologically significant effects of molecular hydrogen to uncover the mechanisms of its effect on the human body. The paper analyzes the literature on the effect of molecular hydrogen administered in the form of inhalation and hydrogenenriched water on the human body, on laboratory mammals (rats, mice), and on model cell systems in vitro. As a result, a mechanism has been proposed according to which, in addition to the already known effect of hydrogen in neutralizing highly reactive oxygen species, there is at least one other group of molecules that are the target of molecular hydrogen in the body. These are the porphyrins, which are part of the hemoproteins, in particularly the cytochromes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. In the presence of high concentrations of carbon dioxide, which is formed in the tricarboxylic acid cycle in the mitochondrial matrix, hydrogen damages some of the hemes as a result of covalent binding of the CO group to them. At low doses of hydrogen, this causes a moderate decrease in mitochondrial potential and stimulates the adaptive response of the body, including activation of the transcription factor Nrf2, expression of the heme oxygenase and antioxidant defense enzymes, mitophagy, and renewal of the mitochondrial population in the cell.Conclusion. Molecular hydrogen is an adaptogen that causes mitochondrial hormesis – the renewal and strengthening of the body’s bioenergetic and antioxidant systems.
Influence of adipocytokines on the bronchopulmonary system in abdominal obesity
Authors: Khudiakova A. D. , Ragino Yu. I. 
Published: February 2024

Pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases is assumed to involve systemic inflammation factors, as well as hormone-like substances adipokines produced by adipose tissue, which is an independent endocrine organ. Adipokines cause systemic inflammation under the influence of hypoxemia due to obesity and associated respiratory disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypoventilation syndrome, etc. However, the influence of specific adipocytes on the development and course of bronchopulmonary diseases remains unclear.Purpose of this review was to evaluate the contribution of some adipocytokines to the development of bronchopulmonary conditions against abdominal obesity. We collected data on adiponectin, adipsin, lipocalin-2, interleukin 6, insulin, glucagon, leptin, monocyte-chemoattractant protein type 1, tumor necrosis factor-α, amylin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, ghrelin, and pancreatic polypeptide in patients with abdominal obesity and bronchopulmonary disorders.Conclusion. The presented data confirm that hormone-like substances produced by adipose tissue make a significant contribution to the severity of respiratory disorders.
“Ground glass opacity” sign in lung diseases: nuances of radiological diagnosis and correct interpretation
Authors: Karpova A. A. , Sergeev N. I. , Nikitin P. A. , Solodkiy V. A. , Kotlyarov P. M. , Nudnov N. V. , Tsallagova Z. S. , Soldatov D. G. 
Published: February 2024

“Ground glass opacity” (GGO) sign is one of the most common radiological symptoms of lung diseases that has become the focus of discussion by the general medical community during the pandemic of COVID-19. Non-specificity of GGO and the variety of diseases accompanied by this sign hinder the correct interpretation and differential diagnosis.The purpose of this review is to study the differential diagnostic features of GGO detected by multispiral computed tomography in various lung diseases.Conclusion. Knowledge of the features of GGO CT-pattern in various lung diseases significantly facilitates the interpretation of the imaging results and speeds up the differential diagnosis.
Plastic bronchitis with the development of atelectasis and bronchiectasis during a long course of bronchial asthma
Authors: Molodtsova V. P. , Dvorakovskaya I. V. , Dvoretskaya M. A. , Sobchenko S. A. , Akopov A. L. 
Published: February 2024

Plastic bronchitis (PB) is a recurrent inflammation of the bronchi, characterized by the formation of fibrin-rich rubber-like secretions that obstruct the airways.Aim. The authors present a rare case of PB in a 67-year-old woman who had been receiving treatment for bronchial asthma for 20 years. This case was complicated by the development of persistent atelectasis and saccular bronchiectasis of the left lower lobe requiring surgical treatment.Conclusion. Removal of the rubbery contents of the bronchi by bronchoscopy provides a temporary effect only. Surgical treatment is advisable with a progressive course of the disease.
Assessment of minimum inhibitory concentration to vancomycin, tigecycline, linezolid, daptomycin, ceftaroline and mupirocin against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates by antibiotic gradient strips
Authors: N. Aparna , P. R. Devipriya , N. Shilpa , Premanandan Fashna , K. B. Anusree , Sathar Saliha , Kumar K. S. Harish 
Published: February 2024

Background: Staphylococcus aureus infections are one of the most common and serious hospital-acquired infections seen in developing countries. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important human pathogen and normally colonized in body parts including skin, nose, perineum and throat. MRSA is resistant not only to all β-lactam groups but also other antibiotics including aminoglycosides, tetracycline and macrolides. In the present study the efficacy of agents used in the management of MRSA infections was determined by antibiotic gradient testing.
Methods: A total of 60 clinical isolates of MRSA strains were collected from various diagnostic labs in central Kerala. Clinical isolates were reconfirmed as MRSA by gram staining, yellow-coloured colonies on mannitol salt Agar (MSA). Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by disc diffusion method as recommended by CLSI guidelines. S. aureus isolates resistant to cefoxitin (30 µg) was identified as MRSA. Antibiotic gradient testing was performed to determine the MIC of vancomycin, tigecycline, linezolid, daptomycin, ceftaroline and mupirocin against MRSA isolates.
Results: All the 60 MRSA isolates tested were sensitive to vancomycin, tigecycline, linezolid, daptomycin, ceftaroline and mupirocin (100%) and none of the MRSA isolates show resistance.
Conclusions: Results of present study indicates that these agents may be used alongside vancomycin in management of infection caused by MRSA.
Próby ujednolicenia definicji niepełnosprawności oraz jej modele i wizerunki
Authors: Szwonder Marta 
Published: February 2024

Cykl artykułów powstał w oparciu o moją pracę magisterską, którą napisałam na kierunku Dziennikarstwo na Uniwersytecie Warszawskim. Problemem badawczym mojej pracy było to, w jaki sposób wizerunek osób niepełnosprawnych, który kreują media w swoich audycjach może wpływać później na postrzeganie ludzi z różnego rodzaju dysfunkcjami przez społeczeństwo? Czy staje się ono przez to bardziej tolerancyjne wobec nich? Czy wręcz przeciwnie, może odmawiać im prawa do normalnego funkcjonowania we wszystkich aspektach życiowych. Swoją pracę magisterską podzieliłam na trzy części i stworzyłam z niej serię artykułów o postrzeganiu ludzi z dysfunkcjami. W pierwszym artykule opisałam problem, jaki mają różnego rodzaju podmioty ze stworzeniem definicji osoby niepełnosprawnej, która wyczerpywałaby wszystkie aspekty zagadnienia i była odpowiednia dla wszystkich grup chorych. W pierwszej części prezentuję też określone modele niepełnosprawności oraz ogólny obraz postrzegania niepełnosprawnych w mediach . W drugiej części artykułu, która ukaże się już w kolejnych numerach Zbliżeń cywilizacyjnych przedstawiam konkretnie i na podstawie poszczególnych, wybranych przeze mnie przekazów medialnych, w jaki sposób media pokazują tego typu ludzi : w filmach, serialach, audycjach dokumentalnych , programach rozrywkowych. Każdego bohatera tych pozycji charakteryzuję pod względem fizycznym , a także analizuję jego stopień funkcjonowania w społeczeństwie, by następnie móc usytuować go w konkretnej roli medialnej i zanalizować problemy środków masowego przekazu z właściwym jej przedstawieniem. Ponadto też ogólne rodzaje ról medialnych, w jakich są pokazywane osoby z ułomnościami.
Особливості прогресування вікової макулярної дегенерації у пацієнтів української популяції: два роки спостереження
Authors: Mogilevskyy S.Yu. , Zavhorodnia T.S. 
Published: February 2024

Актуальність. Вікова макулярна дегенерація (ВМД) часто призводить до зниження гостроти зору, втрати працездатності та зниження якості життя серед пацієнтів зрілого та похилого віку, кількість яких збільшується у зв’язку з демографічними процесами, зниженням народжуваності та збільшенням частки людей літнього віку. Мета: дослідити особливості прогресування вікової макулярної дегенерації у пацієнтів української популяції протягом двох років спостереження. Матеріали та методи. До дослідження включено 152 пацієнти (302 ока), у яких згідно з рекомендаціями AREDS встановлена 1-ша (60 очей), 2-га (54 ока), 3-тя (68 очей) і 4-та (120 очей) категорії ВМД. На початку дослідження, через 1 та 2 роки фіксували вік, стать, статус куріння, наявність змін пігментного епітелію сітківки, субретинальної неоваскулярної мембрани (СНМ) та географічної атрофії пігментного епітелію сітківки, друз різного калібру (маленьких, середніх та великих). Для статистичних досліджень використано програмні пакети MedStat і MedCalc v.15.1 (MedCalc Software bvba). Результати. Встановлено пізній вік розвитку ВМД (82,9 % пацієнтів були віком 60–85 років). Пацієнти з 4-ю категорією ВМД були старшими за тих, хто мав 1-шу категорію, на 9 років (p < 0,001). Відношення жінки/чоловіки становило 3 : 2, що не залежало від віку та стадії ВМД. Одна третина пацієнтів курили, серед курців переважали чоловіки (79,2 %). Статус куріння обумовлював тяжчий перебіг ВМД. Прогресування ВМД визначало збільшення частоти змін пігментного епітелію сітківки, СНМ і географічної атрофії, частота яких щороку зростала (на 5,7–21,2 %). Зниження гостроти зору також відповідало стадії ВМД і мало тенденцію до погіршення протягом спостереження. Кількість малих друз при прогресуванні ВМД та протягом спостереження знижувалася, тоді як кількість великих друз зростала. Висновки. Встановлено особливості стану ока з ВМД, конкретизовано вплив віку, статі, статусу куріння; показано повільне погіршення гостроти зору та зростання частоти офтальмологічних проявів.
Вплив електромагнітного випромінювання оптичного діапазону на орган зору людини. Частина I. Ультрафіолетове випромінювання
Authors: Tkachyshyn V.S. 
Published: February 2024

Деякі виробничі процеси можуть супроводжуватися виділенням інтенсивного теплового випромінювання. У свою чергу, теплове випромінювання у виробничих умовах може поєднуватися з ультрафіолетовим випромінюванням. Інтенсивний вплив ультрафіолетового випромінювання може викликати електроофтальмію. Електроофтальмія — професійне захворювання, що розвивається в результаті впливу на око випромінювання електричних джерел світла, багатих на ультрафіолетові промені. Електроофтальмія, викликана впливом теплового випромінювання в умовах виробництва, розглядається як професійне захворювання. Найуразливішими категоріями працівників щодо можливого виникнення даного захворювання є особи, які працюють в умовах інтенсивного ультрафіолетового опромінювання. У першу чергу це електрозварники та їхні помічники, медичні працівники фізіотерапевтичних кабінетів, які зазнають опромінювання кварцовими, а також бактерицидними лампами. Профілактика полягає в проведенні попереднього і періодичних медичних оглядів згідно із затвердженим порядком. Необхідно чітко дотримуватися правил техніки безпеки під час проведення відповідних робіт в умовах впливу ультрафіолетового випромінювання, захищати очі захисними ручними щитами або темними окулярами. Необхідно ефективно екранувати робоче місце.
PENGARUH CASH HOLDING, BONUS PLAN, FIRM SIZE, DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP INCOME SMOOTHING (STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN CONSUMER GOODS INDUSTRY YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2015-2019)
Authors: Cahyanti Kartika Dwi 
Published: February 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh cash holding, bonus plan, firm size, dan profitabilitas terhadap income smoothing pada perusahaan consumer goods industry di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2015-2019. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan consumer goods industry di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2015-2019 sebanyak 57 perusahaan, dengan 17 sampel perusahaan yang diambil dengan metode purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis statistik deskriptif, analisis regresi berganda model data panel, dan analisis asumsi klasik dengan menggunakan program Eviews 9. Hasil dari uji parsial (uji t) pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel cash holding dan bonus plan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap income smoothing, sedangkan variabel firm size dan profitabilitias berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap income smoothing. Hasil uji simultan (uji F) menunjukkan bahwa variabel cash holding, bonus plan, firm size, dan profitabilitas secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap income smoothing. Hasil uji koefisein determinasi menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antar variabel dependen dengan independen sebesar 16,68%, sedangkan yang lain dijelaskan oleh variabel lai yang tidak terdapat pada penelitian ini.

Kata Kunci : Cash Holding, Bonus Plan, Firm Size, Profitabilitas, dan Income Smoothing
Teaching anatomical terminology: effective learning strategies in medical education
Authors: Chmielewski Piotr Paweł , Mozdziak Paul Edward 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
All healthcare professionals have to master the extensive anatomical terminology, which is an indispensable tool in communication. The Terminologia Anatomica, formerly known as Nomina Anatomica, is a particularly useful tool for effective communication among anatomists and specialists beyond the field, both within a medical context and the broader scientific discourse. The inaugural edition of the Terminologia Anatomica, which was issued in 1998 by the Federative Committee on Anatomical Terminology, gained widespread international recognition. Nevertheless, many authors believe that precise definitions and valid names for the parts and segments of the anatomical structures that are clinically and didactically useful should be incorporated in future editions of anatomical nomenclature. Thus, refining and extending the Terminologia Anatomica remains a challenging task for future generations of anatomists. Simultaneously, the intricate nature of anatomical nomenclature poses a major challenge, as learning, remembering, and understanding the complex terminology is a difficult task, especially for first-year medical students and newcomers to the field, emphasizing the need to simplify the anatomical language. The purpose of this article is to explore specific strategies designed to elevate the educational experience of medical students as they endeavor to master human gross anatomy and its terminology.
Temporal variation in the population density and structure of the Eurasian BullfinchPyrrhula pyrrhulain the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Hernández Ángel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe population ecology of the Eurasian BullfinchPyrrhula pyrrhulais almost unknown in Iberia, where the subspeciesiberiaelives. The present study provides a first approach to the population attributes of this subspecies in an area located in northern Spain, characterised by a landscape dominated by hedgerows and meadows. In particular, I analysed the population density, age distribution and sex ratio during a six-year period (2001–2006). By exploring the entire area, I estimated the density in each month, and distinguished males, females and juveniles. In winter, samplings by line transect were also used to obtain abundance indices to compare different days, months and years (1999−2005 period). Density values during the breeding season were similar between years, but winter abundances changed considerably at different temporal scales. A density peak was found in July–August, with the highest percentages of juvenile individuals occurring in August– September. Individuals clearly performing post-juvenile moult were seen during August–November. Sex ratio was markedly biased towards males throughout the year. Several biological and ecological characteristics of the Bullfinch, together with a favourable habitat and small changes of environmental conditions from year to year, seemingly promoted the relatively high stable breeding population densities estimated during the study period. The high variation in winter abundances was likely due to short-medium range movements. The high population density in late summer was a consequence of the addition of juveniles each year. The greater parental effort of females compared to males – since the former are responsible for most of the reproductive tasks and directly suffer considerable predation during incubation – was probably a root cause of the skewed sex ratio.
History of the Cream-coloured Courser Cursorius cursor occurrence in Slovenia
Authors: Vrezec Al , Križnar Matija 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The article presents a historical revision of data on the occurrence of the Cream-coloured Courser Cursorius cursor in Slovenia. A review of historical sources revealed that the species occurred in Slovenia at least three times after 1800, for the first time between 27 and 31 December 1847 in Šentvid near Ljubljana (specimen in the collection of the Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Ljubljana, Slovenia), for the second time in November 1892 near St. Janž (present day Starše) on the Drava plain (specimen in the collection of the Joanneum Museum, Graz, Austria) and last on 3 October 1976 at the Sečovlje salt pans (observation was not documented with preserved specimen or photograph). All three data have previously been published in various historical sources, but some were overlooked during the preparation of lists of Slovenian avifauna.
Population dynamics of the Corncrake Crex crex in Slovenia in the 1992–2021 period
Authors: Denac Katarina 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The first national Corncrake Crex crex survey in Slovenia was performed in 1992/93, followed by further five in 1999, 2004, 2010, 2015 and 2020. In 2004, annual monitoring of eight most important Corncrake Natura 2000 sites (SPAs) began. Both datasets showed a moderate population decline since 1992. After Slovenia’s accession to the EU in 2004, Corncrake population steeply declined at SPA Breginjski Stol and moderately declined at SPA Dobrava - Jovsi due to scrub encroachment, whereas moderate decline at SPA Ljubljansko barje can be attributed mostly to intensive grassland management and the conversion of grasslands to arable land, resulting in nest and habitat destruction. In 2020, the number of calling males in Slovenia was smaller by 55 % compared to 1999, when the highest number ever was recorded (683). The highest average number of Corncrakes in the 1992–2021 period was counted at SPA Ljubljansko barje (139 calling males/year), whereas the smallest number was recorded at SPA Snežnik - Pivka (8 calling males/year). A comparison of target values for Corncrake population size on individual SPAs from the national Natura 2000 management programme for the 2015–2020 period with counted population sizes showed that, with the exception of SPA Lake Cerknica, all SPAs are falling behind the target values by 32–90%, depending on the site. Likewise, the majority of sites are far from reaching target values for the enrolment of agri-environmental measure VTR (first cut after 1 Aug). The article also discusses the weaknesses of current VTR, its reform in 2021, as well as other potential measures and financial sources for Corncrake conservation.