bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Emotional Burnout and the Quality of Life of Psychiatrists
Authors: Zrazhevskaya I. A. , Bykov K. V. , Topka E. O. , Isaev R. N. , Orlov A. M. 
Published: March 2024

Background:effective and safe provision of medical care depends on the well-being of medical workers – problems related to health and quality of life do not allow the clinician to realize his potential fully. A high level of work stress undermines the well-being of medical personnel. One of its most characteristic manifestations is burnout.The aimwas to study the relationship between burnout and quality of life with the construction of a mathematical model for prediction of the quality of life based on information about the degree of psychiatrists’ burnout.The main hypothesisof this study was that burnout significantly and negatively affects the quality of life.Participants and methods:82 psychiatrists, working in Moscow psychiatric clinics, independently filled out the Maslach Burnout Inventory and an abbreviated version of the WHO questionnaire «Quality of Life» (WHOQOL-BREF). The multiple linear regression was used to assess the impact of burnout on the quality of life of physicians. The values of the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the age, and gender of the respondents were used as predictors; the response variables were the values of WHOQOL-BREF.Results:the value of the domain «emotional exhaustion» is negatively associated with the four dimensions of the WHOQOL-BREF such as «physical health», «psychological health», «social relationships», «environment». The domain «personal accomplishment» positively correlated with respondents’ physical and psychological health. Age affected these indicators negatively but did not affect social relationships and health in the «environment» subscale. The gender of psychiatrists did not have a significant impact on their quality of life. The adjusted coefficient of determination of the models was in the range from 0.1907 to 0.511.Conclusions:еmotional burnout negatively affects the quality of life of practicing psychiatrists. Prospective, longitudinal studies are still needed to establish causal connections between these constructs.
Characteristics of Visual Contrast Sensitivity and Ocular Microtremor in Schizophrenia
Authors: Kosikova A. V. , Shoshina I. I. , Lyapunov S. I. , Guseinova Z. T. , Lyapunov I. S. , Radivilko A. A. , Ivanov M. V. 
Published: March 2024

Background: schizophrenia is a severe mental illness characterized not only by cognitive but also sensory impairments, including the visual system. Research suggests impairments in contrast processing in schizophrenia, but evidence regarding the nature of these impairments is inconsistent. The theory of tremor modulation signal connects contrast sensitivity with the parameters of ocular microtremor – high-frequency and low-amplitude micromovements that are controlled by neurons of the nuclei of the brain stem. The parameters of ocular microtremor in psychopathology, in particular in schizophrenia, have not been described in the scientific literature.The aim of the study was to study the characteristics of contrast sensitivity and microtremor of the eyes of patients with schizophrenia.Patients and methods: to register contrast sensitivity, the method of computer visocontrastometry was used. Gabor elements were presented with spatial frequencies of 0.4, 1.0, 3.0, and 10 cycles/deg. Eye microtremor was recorded using a non-contact high-speed video recording method using an original optical system. The study involved 30 patients diagnosed as paranoid schizophrenia and 30 people without psychopathology and neurological diseases.Results: the contrast sensitivity of patients was reduced in the region of medium and high spatial frequencies compared with conditionally healthy controls, which may be associated with the chronic course of the disease. Ocular microtremor in the patient group was characterized by a lower frequency and a higher amplitude compared to the control group.Conclusions: contrast sensitivity and ocular microtremor are considered as potential markers for determining the functional state in schizophrenia, which requires further research and accumulation of experimental data.
«Hierarchical» and «Modular» Models of Psychopathological Syndromes and Mental Functions
Authors: Pyatnitskiy N. Yu. 
Published: March 2024

The aimwas to compare «hierarchical» and «modular» models of the mental functions and psychopathological syndromes.Material and method:a historical analysis is undertaken in the narrative review the works of thinkers of different times who put forward the concepts of mental deviations from the norm. Discussion and conclusion: hierarchical models go back to the concepts of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato, modular models – to the concepts of the German doctor F. Gall. The most famous hierarchical model of «circles» of positive and negative general psychopathological syndromes in Russian psychiatry by A.V. Snezhnevsky was preceded by the hierarchical model of M.O. Gurevich – M.Ya. Sereisky, in turn, based on the model of «levels» of the psyche of the English neurologist J.H. Jackson and E. Kraepelin’s «organ registers» model. In German psychiatry also K. Jaspers cited the «onion» model in the first edition of General Psychopathology, substantiating the complication of psychopathological symptoms depending on the nosology of mental disorders. Later, the American psycholinguist and philosopher J. Fodor proposed a «modular» model of the psyche, according to which the human psyche consists of relatively independent «modules» («encapsulated») that are specific to a certain area of stimuli, are genetically determined, correlate with certain neural structures and are «computationally autonomous». The concept of modular construction of the psyche was further developed in the works of psychologists and psychiatrists of the «evolutionary» direction (models of «massive modularity», which denied the «encapsulation» of modules according to J. Fodor), based, among other premises, on the modular construction of the brain of many animal species. Diversity turns out to be inherent not only in modular models of the psyche, but also in hierarchical ones, for example, the sequence of general psychopathological positive syndromes in A.V. Snezhnevsky’s model of «circles» differs from the correlation of psychopathological syndromes in the model of «registers» by E. Kraepelin, who at the final stage of his scientific activity postulated the principles of «comparative psychiatry», in many respects similar to the principles of the subsequent direction of «evolutionary» psychiatry.
The Effectiveness of The Blended Learning Method as A Learning Innovation During The Covid-19 Pandemic at Faculty Of Dentistry, Hang Tuah University Surabaya
Authors: Nora Lelyana  , Aulia Dwi Maharani  , Ghita Hadi Hollanda  
Published: March 2024

Background: The covid-19 pandemic has an impact on many sectors include the education sector. Dental education students are not only given academic knowledge but also need to be trained for their dental practice skills. Various obstacles during covid-19 pandemic require educational institutions to make innovations to maintain the quality of graduates. One of the innovations that can be implemented is blended learning. Blended learning combines online methods for lecture substitution and face-to-face methods for clinical activities on phantoms. The indicator of success of this method is by getting pass in the National Competency Exam for Dentist (UKMP2DG). Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the blended learning method as a learning innovation during the covid 19 pandemic at the Faculty of Dentistry, Hang Tuah University Surabaya. Methods: This is an observational analytic study by comparing the percentage of UKMP2DG’s passing rates during the period before the covid 19 pandemic (2019) and during the implementation of the blended learning method (2021 and 2022). Data analysed using one-way Anova with an error of 5%. Results: The results of oneway Anova showed p value = 0.120> 0.05. Conclusion: There is no significant difference between the number of UKMP2DG passing rates from 2019, 2021 and 2022 means blended learning method can provide the same number of pass rate as other previous methods.
Compensation of Atmospheric Turbulence Phase Distortion Using Neural Network Adaptive Optics
Authors: Hassan Raaid Nawfee 
Published: March 2024

Adaptive optics revolutionizes telescopic resolution but faces cost, complexity, and calibration hurdles. Neural network adaptive optics (NNAO) offers promise by using neural networks to tailor corrections to telescopes and atmospheric conditions, by passing calibration and sensors. This MATLAB-based study examines NNAO's impact on astronomical image quality, revealing it as a cost-efficient solution that enhances adaptive optics in astronomy. The numerical simulation results were encouraging, with a compensation rate exceeding 50% due to favorable monitoring conditions. The results indicate that the dominant factor affecting image quality is the variance of wavefront aberrations. The Strehl ratio (SR) decreases from an average of 0.548 for a variance of 0.2 to 0.020 for a variance of 0.6, while the mean squared error (MSE) increases from an average of 0.613 to 5.414. However, the effect on peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is inconclusive. Furthermore, it was found that increasing the number of neurons and training ratio does not significantly impact the results obtained, but it noticeably affects the computational time required.
Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Capromorelin in Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Campellone Gianni A , Easley Kirk A , Jenkins Joe B , Jean Sherrie M 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNonhuman primates used in biomedical research may experience clinically significant weight loss for a variety of reasons. Episodes of anorexia (complete loss of appetite) or hyporexia (decreased appetite) can result in significant weight loss, potentially altering animal welfare and scientific studies. The FDA has approved several appetite stimulants for use in domestic species, but currently none are approved for use in NHP. Treatment of inappetence and weight loss in NHP often relies on the extralabel use of these compounds. Capromorelin is a ghrelin receptor agonist. As a growth hormone secretagogue, capromorelin increases appetite, leading to weight gain. Studies in several species have shown a positive correlation between capromorelin administration and weight gain; in 2017, an oral solution of capromorelin received FDA approval for use in dogs. We tested this solution in healthy adult rhesus macaques (n = 3 males and 3 females) for its effects on body weight and insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). A control group (n = 2 males and 2 females) was used for comparison. Treated macaques received a 3 mg/kg oral dose daily for 7 d. Clinical signs were observed daily. Weights were collected before, during and at the end of treatment. Blood was drawn before, during and after treatment for measurement of IGF-1 levels and standard hematology and biochemistry parameters. Baseline-adjusted mean body weights and IGF-1 levels were significantly higher in treated as compared with control monkeys after 7 d of beginning treatment (body weight of 10.5 ± 0.1 kg (mean ± SEM) and 10.1 ± 0.1 kg, respectively; IGF-1 of 758 ± 43 ng/mL and 639 ± 22 ng/mL, respectively). Capromorelin administration was not associated with appreciable changes in hematologic and biochemical values in treated macaques. These findings suggest that capromorelin may be useful for treating inappetence and weight loss in NHP, and based on blood analysis, a 7-d course of treatment does not appear to cause acute toxicity.
TEACHING METHOD: SURVEY, QUESTION, READ, RECITE, REVIEW (SQ3R) TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Mulyanah Euis Yanah , Ishak Ishak 
Published: March 2024

The research was conducted to observe the effect of the SQ3R on the tenth-grade student’s reading comprehension at SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Tangerang. The research used a quantitative approach and the design of this research was quasi-experiment research by using a non-equivalent control group design by using Random Sampling, consisting of X IPS 1 as an experiment class and X IPS 2 as a control class. The posttest results were obtained data that tcount = 1.29 and ttable = 1.9965 with significant level = 5% or 0.05. This means that H0 = was rejected and H1 was accepted. It is reasonable to suppose that there is a substantial difference in students' reading comprehension between the experiment class taught using the SQ3R technique and the control class not taught using the SQ3R method. Therefore, the SQ3R method can be an alternate approach to improving students’ reading comprehension.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON TASK FEATURES IN LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LMS)
Authors: Mufliharsi Risa 
Published: March 2024

his paper aims to analyze features in selected distance learning management systems in improving students' experiential learning through Flipped Classrooms and Task-Based Language Teaching for higher educational institutions. Learning through Flipped Classroom has enriched broad teaching-learning activities to strengthen students' concepts in independent learning. Positively, it is also developing students' electronic literacy through technology. The use of learning management systems not only improves students' activity but also helps construct students' learning experiences for understanding the nature of comprehension through various tasks. However, many lecturers are doubtful about selecting the Learning Management System appropriate to learning tools to facilitate students' work in doing tasks. Therefore, the paper compares four Learning Management Systems, namely Moodle, Chamilo, Efront, and Dokeos, based on features under various criteria and parameters to choose the right one. The result showed that Moodle fulfilled most criteria needed for a Task-Based Flipped Classroom in a Higher Educational Institution.Keywords: flipped classroom; learning management system; task-based language teaching; task featuresMakalah ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis fitur dalam beberapa sistem manajemen pembelajaran jarak jauh untuk digunakan dalam meningkatkan pengalaman belajar siswa melalui flipped classroom dan Task-based language teaching untuk institusi pendidikan tinggi. Pembelajaran melalui Flipped Classroom telah memperkaya kegiatan belajar mengajar yang luas untuk memperkuat konsep siswa dalam belajar mandiri. Penggunaan sistem manajemen pembelajaran jarak jauh tidak hanya meningkatkan aktivitas siswa tetapi juga membantu membangun pengalaman belajar siswa untuk memahami hakikat pemahaman melalui berbagai tugas. Positifnya, Penggunaan sistem manajemen pembelajaran jarak jauh juga mengembangkan literasi elektronik siswa melalui teknologi. Namun, banyak dosen yang ragu dalam memilih Learning Management System yang tepat sebagai perangkat pembelajaran untuk memudahkan pekerjaan mahasiswa dalam mengerjakan tugas. Oleh karena itu, makalah ini membandingkan empat Sistem Manajemen Pembelajaran, yaitu Moodle, Chamilo, Efront, dan Dokeos, berdasarkan fitur dengan berbagai kriteria dan parameter untuk memilih yang tepat. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa Moodle memenuhi sebagian besar kriteria yang dibutuhkan untuk Kelas Terbalik Berbasis Tugas di Perguruan Tinggi. Kata Kunci: flipped classroom; system manajemen pembelajaran; pembelajaran bahasa berbasis tugas; fitur tugas
The Effectiveness of Picture Word Inductive Model on Writing Ability in Narrative Text at Tenth Graders of MAN 1 Wonosobo
Authors: Ungu Niken Kencono , Qathrunnada Zanuba 
Published: March 2024

This research is motivated by the low ability of class X L students of MAN 1 Wonosobo in writing English texts, especially in writing Narrative Texts. The study aims to investigate how the Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM) affects students' ability to write narrative texts. This study uses Classroom Action Research (CAR) as the research design. This research was conducted by the students in class X L MAN 1 Wonosobo in the Odd Semester of the 2022/2023 Academic Year. The location of this research is MAN 1 Wonosobo. The subjects of this study are 36 students of class X L MAN 1 Wonosobo. The results show that there is an effect of the Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM) method on student learning outcomes in writing English narrative texts in class X L MAN 1 Wonosobo. Therefore, it is suggested that English teachers apply the Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM) in teaching writing skills
The Role Of The International Monetary Fund In Resolving Venezuela's Economic Crisis During Covid-19
Authors: Munzilin Khairul , Wijaya Bagaskara Sagita , Nurfajri Fasa Muhammad Ziddane 
Published: March 2024

Venezuela's financial crisis is causing significant suffering to its people. The presence of the COVID-19 pandemic has made Venezuela's list even heavier. The IMF is known as an international financial organization that is often involved in handling financial crises in several affected countries. However, the IMF's involvement in handling the financial crisis and health crisis at the same time was the first experience for the IMF. This research is necessary because it seeks to reveal the IMF's involvement in Venezuela's financial crisis during COVID-19 and makes this the first experience for the IMF in efforts to resolve a country's financial crisis during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research discusses the role of the IMF in resolving Venezuela's economic crisis during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research uses the concepts of foreign aid and economic liberalization with descriptive qualitative research methods and data collection techniques from various documents, books, archives, journals, and theses. This research shows that the IMF has a significant role in resolving Venezuela's economic crisis during the COVID-19 pandemic, including by providing loans, advice and training in crisis management, which can help Venezuela improve its economy and implement economic liberalization in order to pursue Venezuela's economic system more open for the development of economy. Keywords: IMF, Venezuela, Economic Crisis, Foreign Aid, Economic Liberalization
Evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of 3D contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography versus digital subtraction angiography in spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas
Authors: Khalafallah Adham M. , Yunga Tigre Joseph , Rady Nadine , Starke Robert M. , Saraf-Lavi Efrat , Levi Allan D. 
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE
Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) often go undiagnosed, leading to irreversible spinal cord dysfunction. Although digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is the gold standard for diagnosing SDAVF, DSA is invasive and operator dependent, with associated risks. MR angiography (MRA) is a promising alternative. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of MRA as an equal alternative to DSA in investigating, diagnosing, and localizing SDAVF.

METHODS
Prospectively collected data from a single neurosurgeon at a large tertiary academic center were searched for SDAVFs. Eligibility criteria included any patient with a surgically proven SDAVF in whom preoperative DSA, MRA, or both had been obtained. The eligible patients formed a consecutive series, in which they were divided into DSA and MRA groups. DSA and MRA were the index tests that were compared to the surgical SDAVF outcome, which was the reference standard. Accurate diagnosis was considered to have occurred when the imaging report matched the operative diagnosis to the correct spinal level. Comparisons used a two-sample t-test for continuous variables and Fisher-Freeman-Halton’s exact test for categorical variables, with p < 0.05 specifying significance. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted to investigate group associations with DSA and MRA accuracy. Positive predictive value, sensitivity, and accuracy were calculated.

RESULTS
A total of 27 patients with a mean age of 63 years underwent surgery for SDAVF. There were 19 male (70.4%) and 8 female (29.6%) patients, and the mean duration of symptoms at the time of surgery was 14 months (range 2–48 months). Seventeen patients (63%) presented with bowel or bladder incontinence. Bivariate analysis of the DSA and MRA groups further revealed no significant relationships between the characteristics and accuracy of SDAVF diagnosis. MRA was found to be more sensitive and accurate (100% and 73.3%) than DSA (85.7% and 69.2%), with a subanalysis of the patients with both preoperative MRA and DSA showing that MRA had a greater positive predictive value (78.6 vs 72.7), sensitivity (100 vs 72.7), and accuracy (78.6 vs 57.1) than DSA.

CONCLUSIONS
In surgically proven cases of SDAVFs, the authors determined that MRA was more accurate than DSA for SDAVF diagnosis and localization to the corresponding vertebral level. Incomplete catheterization at each vertebral level may result in the failure of DSA to detect SDAVF.
Digital exoscope versus surgical microscope in spinal dural arteriovenous fistula surgery: a comparative series
Authors: Auricchio Anna Maria , Calvanese Francesco , Vasankari Ville , Raj Rahul , Gallé Camille Louise Claudine , Niemelä Mika , Lehecka Martin 
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE
Surgical treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) has been reported to be superior to endovascular treatment in terms of occlusion of the fistula. Despite the increased availability of digital 3D exoscopes, the potential benefits of using an exoscope in spinal DAVF surgery have not been studied. The purpose of this study was to report and compare the results of exoscope- and microscope-assisted surgery for spinal DAVFs.

METHODS
All consecutive adult patients (≥ 18 years of age) treated surgically for spinal DAVFs from January 2016 to January 2023 in a tertiary neurosurgical referral center were included. All patients were operated on by one neurosurgeon. Their pre- and postoperative clinical findings, imaging studies, and intra- and postoperative events were evaluated and surgical videos from the operations were analyzed.

RESULTS
Altogether, 14 patients received an operation for spinal DAVF during the study period, 10 (71%) with an exoscope and 4 (29%) with a microscope. The DAVFs were most commonly located in the lower parts of the thoracic spine in both groups. The duration of exoscopic surgeries was shorter (141 vs 151 minutes) and there was less blood loss (60 vs 100 ml) than with microscopic surgeries. No major surgical complications were observed in either group. Of the 14 patients, 10 had gait improvement postoperatively: 7 (78%) patients in the exoscope group and 3 (75%) in the microscope group. None of the patients experienced deterioration following surgery.

CONCLUSIONS
Exoscope-assisted surgery for spinal DAVFs is comparable in safety and effectiveness to traditional microscopic surgery. With practice, experienced neurosurgeons can adapt to using the exoscope without major additional risks to the patient.