bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation of desalting that occurs during isoelectric trapping separations
Authors: Hruška Vlastimil , Gaš Bohuslav , Vigh Gyula 
Published: January 2009

AbstractSimul 5, the simulation program based on the 1‐D model of electrophoresis has been extended to simulate isoelectric trapping (IET) separations that take place in recirculating multicompartmental electrolyzers (MCEs). In the extended Simul 5, the simulated separation space between the anode and cathode can be divided into multiple segments to represent the anode compartment, separation compartment(s) and the cathode compartment. The compartments may have identical or different cross sections. A new algorithm simulates convective mixing that occurs in the recirculating MCEs where the distances between the buffering membranes are short and the velocities of tangential flows through the compartments, orthogonal to the electric field, are high. The intensity of simulated mixing can be independently controlled in each compartment. pH transients that were reported to occur during the desalting step in IET separations were simulated with the extended Simul 5 program: the main features of the experimental results were reproduced by the simulations. The simulations shed light on the possible causes of uneven anion and cation removal rates, pH transients and the transient invasion of the separation compartment by components of the electrode solutions that might occur during the desalting step.
Application of Click‐chemistry‐based perphenylcarbamated β‐CD chiral stationary phase in CEC
Authors: Wang Yong , Xiao Yin , Tan Timothy Thatt Yang , Ng Siu‐Choon 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA novel chiral stationary phase (CSP) was prepared by anchoring mono‐6‐azido‐6‐deoxyperphenylcarbamated β‐CD onto ω‐alkynyl functionalized silica (5 μm) via organic soluble Cu(I)‐catalyzed Click chemistry. The obtained CSP was thereafter packed into fused‐silica capillary (100 μm id) with an effective length of 9 cm and tested in aqueous CEC to separate a series of racemic aryl alcohols. High separation factors with good resolution were achieved using the current novel CSP. Some pharmaceutical compounds could also be well resolved on this newly derived CSP. The analytical results demonstrate that Click‐chemistry‐based perphenylcarbamated CSP affords high stability in high electric field and depicts excellent enantioseparation in CEC. The effects of pH value, buffer concentration, applied voltage, concentration of organic modifier and analyte structure on the enantioseparation are also discussed.
A rapid MEKC method for the simultaneous determination of creatinine, 1‐ and 3‐methylhistidine in human urine
Authors: Ferrari Fabio , Fumagalli Marco , Viglio Simona , Aquilani Roberto , Pasini Evasio , Iadarola Paolo 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe present report describes the use of MEKC in the presence of 35 mM sodium tetraborate, pH 9.0, containing 60 mM SDS for the complete separation and identification of creatinine, 1‐methylhistidine (1‐MeH) and 3‐MeH in human urine. Their simultaneous quantification in urine of healthy controls and subjects submitted to elective surgery to their lower limbs allowed to use 3‐MeH as a reliable measure of skeletal protein breakdown. Simplicity, sensitivity and low running costs are the main advantages of this method that is suitable for the routine analysis in clinical laboratories of a large number of samples per day.
Development of a moving artificial compressibility solver on unified coordinates
Authors: Niu Yang‐Yao , Lin Yi‐Hsun , Hui W. H. , Chang Chien C. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBased on the unified Eulerian and Lagrangian coordinate transformations, the unsteady incompressible Navier–Stokes equations with artificial compressibility effects are developed. As we know, the Eulerian coordinates cause excessive numerical diffusion across flow discontinuities, slip lines in particular. The Lagrangian coordinates, on the other hand, can resolve slip lines sharply but cause severe grid deformation, resulting in large errors and even breakdown of the computation. Recently, Hui et al. (J. Comput. Phys. 1999; 153:596–637) have introduced a unified coordinate system that moves with velocity hq, q being the velocity of the fluid particle. It includes the Eulerian system as a special case when h=0, and the Lagrangian when h=1, and was shown for the two‐dimensional unsteady Euler equations of compressible flow to be superior than both Eulerian and Lagrangian systems. In the framework of unified coordinates, our work will derive the unsteady incompressible flow equations and moving geometry equations, when hq equals grid velocity in conservation form and is updated simultaneously during each time step. Thus, the accurate estimation of geometry conservation and controlling the grid velocity or the h value based on the unified approach can keep numerical stability and avoid computation breakdown caused by moving body or boundary layers (considered as slip lines in Lagrangian coordinates). Also, the existing high‐resolution Riemann solver can be extended to discretize the current unified incompressible flow equations. Our benchmark tests including the lid‐driven cavity flow and backward step flow, oscillating flat plat and pulsating stenotic tube are used to validate the computations. The results verify the accuracy and robustness of the unified artificial compressibility solver on the moving body simulation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biochemical characterization of MLH3 missense mutations does not reveal an apparent role of MLH3 in Lynch syndrome
Authors: Ou Jianghua , Rasmussen Merete , Westers Helga , Andersen Sofie D. , Jager Paul O. , Kooi Krista A. , Niessen Renée C. , Eggen Bart J. L. , Nielsen Finn C. , Kleibeuker Jan H. , Sijmons Rolf H. , Rasmussen Lene J. , Hofstra Robert M. W. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractSo far 18 MLH3 germline mutations/variants have been identified in familial colorectal cancer cases. Sixteen of these variants are amino acid substitutions of which the pathogenic nature is still unclear. These substitutions are known as unclassified variants or UVs. To clarify a possible role for eight of these MLH3 UVs identified in suspected Lynch syndrome patients, we performed several biochemical tests. We determined the protein expression and stability, protein localization and interaction of the mutant MLH3 proteins with wildtype MLH1. All eight MLH3 UVs gave protein expression levels comparable with wildtype MLH3. Furthermore, the UV‐containing proteins, in contrast to previous studies, were all localized normally in the nucleus and they interacted normally with wildtype MLH1. Our different biochemical assays yielded no evidence that the eight MLH3 UVs tested are the cause of hereditary colorectal cancer, including Lynch syndrome. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Distinct genomic aberrations associated with ERG rearranged prostate cancer
Authors: Demichelis Francesca , Setlur Sunita R. , Beroukhim Rameen , Perner Sven , Korbel Jan O. , LaFargue Christopher J. , Pflueger Dorothee , Pina Cara , Hofer Matthias D. , Sboner Andrea , Svensson Maria A. , Rickman David S. , Urban Alex , Snyder Michael , Meyerson Matthew , Lee Charles , Gerstein Mark B. , Kuefer Rainer , Rubin Mark A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractEmerging molecular and clinical data suggest that ETS fusion prostate cancer represents a distinct molecular subclass, driven most commonly by a hormonally regulated promoter and characterized by an aggressive natural history. The study of the genomic landscape of prostate cancer in the light of ETS fusion events is required to understand the foundation of this molecularly and clinically distinct subtype. We performed genome‐wide profiling of 49 primary prostate cancers and identified 20 recurrent chromosomal copy number aberrations, mainly occurring as genomic losses. Co‐occurring events included losses at 19q13.32 and 1p22.1. We discovered three genomic events associated with ERG rearranged prostate cancer, affecting 6q, 7q, and 16q. 6q loss in nonrearranged prostate cancer is accompanied by gene expression deregulation in an independent dataset and by protein deregulation of MYO6. To analyze copy number alterations within the ETS genes, we performed a comprehensive analysis of all 27 ETS genes and of the 3 Mbp genomic area between ERG and TMPRSS2 (21q) with an unprecedented resolution (30 bp). We demonstrate that high‐resolution tiling arrays can be used to pin‐point breakpoints leading to fusion events. This study provides further support to define a distinct molecular subtype of prostate cancer based on the presence of ETS gene rearrangements. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss,Inc.
Cholesterol‐promoted synaptogenesis requires the conversion of cholesterol to estradiol in the hippocampus
Authors: Fester Lars , Zhou Lepu , Bütow Andrea , Huber Cornelia , von Lossow Richard , Prange‐Kiel Janine , Jarry Hubertus , Rune Gabriele M. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractCholesterol of glial origin promotes synaptogenesis (Mauch et al., (2001) Science 294:1354–1357). Because in the hippocampus local estradiol synthesis is essential for synaptogenesis, we addressed the question of whether cholesterol‐promoted synapse formation results from the function of cholesterol as a precursor of estradiol synthesis in this brain area. To this end, we treated hippocampal cultures with cholesterol, estradiol, or with letrozole, a potent aromatase inhibitor. Cholesterol increased neuronal estradiol release into the medium, the number of spine synapses in hippocampal slice cultures, and immunoreactivity of synaptic proteins in dispersed cultures. Simultaneous application of cholesterol and letrozole or blockade of estrogen receptors by ICI 182 780 abolished cholesterol‐induced synapse formation. As a further approach, we inhibited the access of cholesterol to the first enzyme of steroidogenesis by knock‐down of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, the rate‐limiting step in steroidogenesis. A rescue of reduced synaptic protein expression in transfected cells was achieved by estradiol but not by cholesterol. Our data indicate that in the hippocampus cholesterol‐promoted synapse formation requires the conversion of cholesterol to estradiol. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Heat transfer on tube bundles embedded horizontally in a liquid‐fluidized bed: 2nd report: On tube bundles of fundamental layouts including in‐line layouts
Authors: Hashizume Kenichi , Onji Ryosuke , Niiki Shinpei , Tsukuda Hideaki , Yoshida Ryota 
Published: January 2009

AbstractHeat transfer coefficients were measured on tube bundles of fundamental layouts including in‐line layouts embedded horizontally in a liquid‐fluidized bed. Tested tube layouts were single tubes, transverse single tube rows, longitudinal single tube rows, and in‐line arranged tube bundles. A total of 7 kinds of particles were used. Comparisons of the experimental data showed a good agreement with the heat transfer correlation developed for staggered layouts, when the average liquid velocity through each tube bundle was used as the reference velocity for the particle Reynolds number. Distribution of the local heat transfer coefficient was also investigated around tubes. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20245
Study on heat transfer characteristics of porous metallic heat sink with conductive pipe under bypass effect
Authors: Tzeng Sheng‐Chung , Jeng Tzer‐Ming , Chou Po , Tang Feng‐Zhang , Chen Yi‐Chen 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe work investigated the forced convection heat transfer of the heat sink situated in a rectangular channel by considering the bypass effect. The fluid medium was air. The relevant parameters were the Reynolds number (Re), the relative top by‐pass gap (C/H), and the relative side by‐pass gap (S/L). The size of the heat sink was 60 mm (L)×60 mm(W)×24 mm(H). Two heat sinks were employed as test specimens: (A) the 0.9‐porosity aluminum foam heat sink and (B) the 0.9‐porosity aluminum foam heat sink with a 20 mm diameter copper cylinder. The copper cylinder was used as a conductive pipe of heat sink. The average Nusselt number was examined under various forced convection conditions. Experimental results demonstrate that increasing by‐pass space decreased the Nusselt number. Besides, the average Nusselt number of mode B heat sink was higher than that of mode A heat sink by 30% for the case without by‐pass flow. The heat transfer enhancement by the copper cylinder would decline as the by‐pass space grew. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20247
Sweep‐out flow of film condensation on vertical plates with horizontal grooves
Authors: Adachi Takahiro , Yoshida Satoshi , Hamada Tetsuro 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWe have investigated fluid flow characteristics of film‐wise condensation on vertical plates with horizontal periodic grooves. Condensate stays at the edge of the grooves due to the surface tension. The condensate starts to flow, however, when the balance between the surface tension and the condensate's own weight is broken. It is found that the condensate flows downward successively and periodically from the top part of the plate as a group. In addition, we have obtained the relation between the frequencies of the periodic flow and the degree of sub‐cooling for two different pitches of the grooves. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20249
Lack of association between antipsychotic‐induced Parkinsonism or its subsymptoms and rs4606 SNP of RGS2 gene in African‐Caribbeans and the possible role of the medication: The Curacao extrapyramidal syndromes study X
Authors: Al Hadithy Asmar F. , Wilffert Bob , Bruggeman Richard , Stewart Roy E. , Brouwers Jacobus R. , Matroos Glenn E. , Hoek Hans W. , van Harten Peter N. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractRecent studies demonstrate an association between antipsychotic‐induced parkinsonism (AIP) and rs4606 SNP of RGS2 gene in Jewish and African‐Americans. The current study investigates the association between rs4606 and AIP or its subsymptoms (rest tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia) in 112 psychiatric inpatients of African‐Caribbean origin. Presence of AIP, rigidity, bradykinesia, and tremor was measured by the UPDRS. We applied χ2 (or Fisher Exact) and logistic regression analyses in several models including rs4606, age, gender, dose of antipsychotics, and anticholinergics, and two other putatively functional SNPs in DRD2 (−141CIns/Del) and HTR2C (Cys23Ser) genes. In contrast to recent literature, we find no evidence for an association between rs4606 and AIP or any of its subsymptoms. We hypothesize that the observed lack of association is due probably to differences in serotonin 2A‐receptor affinities of the antipsychotics utilized (in contrast to the other published studies, the majority of our patients utilized typical antipsychotics). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Immunoadsorption with tryptophan columns: A therapeutic option for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with septic complications
Authors: Thomaidis Thomas , Schorn Corinna , Flaig Wolfram , Lingg Gerwinn , Schönhals Elke , Klingel Reinhard , Galle Peter R. , Schwarting Andreas 
Published: January 2009

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease affecting multiple organs and tissues. Although there is a wide range of therapeutic applications, the coexistence of severe side effects and contraindications outlines the necessity of new therapeutic options in the treatment of severe RA. We report on the case of a 71‐year‐old patient with successful treatment of a complicated RA with tryptophan immunoadsorption combined with low‐dose steroids. Bacterial spondylitis developed in this patient during long‐term treatment with infliximab and methotrexate. Weekly immunoadsorption sessions with tryptophan columns resulted in continuous suppression of RA activity over a period of more than 5 months, as indicated by laboratory findings, the disease activity score, and the visual analog scale. This is the first report of successful treatment of a refractory and complicated RA using tryptophan immunoadsorption columns. In conclusion, immunoadsorption is a safe and effective therapeutic alternative, which should be considered to bridge infectious complications in patients with severe RA. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of vascular endothelial growth factor in the communication between human osteoprogenitors and endothelial cells
Authors: Grellier Maritie , Ferreira‐Tojais Nancy , Bourget Chantal , Bareille Reine , Guillemot Fabien , Amédée Joëlle 
Published: January 2009

AbstractProper bone remodeling requires an active process of angiogenesis which in turn supplies the necessary growth factors and stem cells. This tissue cooperation suggests a cross‐talk between osteoblasts and endothelial cells. This work aims to identify the role of paracrine communication through vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in co‐culture between osteoblastic and endothelial cells. Through a well defined direct contact co‐culture model between human osteoprogenitors (HOPs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), we observed that HUVECs were able to migrate along HOPs, inducing the formation of specific tubular‐like structures. VEGF165 gene expression was detected in the HOPs, was up‐regulated in the co‐cultured HOPs and both Flt‐1 and KDR gene expression increased in co‐cultured HUVECs. However, the cell rearrangement observed in co‐culture was promoted by a combination of soluble chemoattractive factors and not by VEGF165 alone. Despite having no observable effect on endothelial cell tubular‐like formation, VEGF appeared to have a crucial role in osteoblastic differentiation since the inhibition of its receptors reduced the co‐culture‐stimulated osteoblastic phenotype. This co‐culture system appears to enhance both primary angiogenesis events and osteoblastic differentiation, thus allowing for the development of new strategies in vascularized bone tissue engineering. J. Cell. Biochem. 106: 390–398, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptors and nitric oxide modulate the baroreflex cardiac component in unanesthetized rats
Authors: Alves Fernando H.F. , Crestani Carlos C. , Resstel Leonardo B.M. , Correa Fernando M.A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST) plays a tonic role modulating the baroreflex bradycardiac response. In the present study, we verified whether local BST glutamatergic receptors and nitric oxide (NO) system modulate baroreflex bradycardiac responses. Bilateral BST‐ N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor inhibition by treatment with the selective NMDA receptor antagonist LY235959 increased bradycardiac response to mean arterial pressure increases. Treatment with the selective non‐NMDA antagonist NBQX did not affect reflex bradycardia. These results suggest an involvement of local NMDA receptors in the BST‐related tonic inhibitory modulation of baroreflex bradycardiac response. BST treatment with the nonselective NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor L‐NAME or the selective neuronal NOS (nNOS) inhibitor Nω‐propyl‐L‐arginine increased bradycardiac response, indicating that NO generated by nNOS activation modulates baroreflex. The NO involvement was further reinforced by observation that BST treatment with the NO scavenger carboxy‐PTIO caused an effect similar to that observed after NMDA receptor blockade or treatment with NOS inhibitors. Additionally, it was observed that LY235959 effects on baroreflex bradycardiac response were reverted by BST treatment with the NO‐donor sodium nitroprusside, suggesting an NMDA receptor–NO interaction. Baroreflex bradycardiac responses observed before and after BST treatment with LY235959 or Nω‐propyl‐L‐arginine were no longer different when animals were pretreated intravenously with the anticholinergic drug homatropine methyl bromide. These results indicate that parasympathetic activation accounts for the effects observed after BST pharmacological manipulation. In conclusion, our data point out that local NMDA and nNOS interaction mediates the tonic inhibitory influence of the BST on the baroreflex bradycardiac response, modulating the parasympathetic cardiac activity. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
HIF prolyl hydroxylase inhibition augments dopamine release in the rat brain in vivo
Authors: Witten Louise , Sager Thomas , Thirstrup Kenneth , Johansen Jens Leander , Larsen Dorrit Bjerg , Montezinho Liliana P. , Mørk Arne 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe transcription factor hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF) is essential for the activation of several genes that promote the survival of cells exposed to oxidative stress. Expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), which is the rate‐limiting enzyme in the dopamine (DA) synthesis, is one of the genes that are positively regulated by HIF. Accordingly, HIF induction results in elevated DA release in various cell lines in vitro. HIF prolyl hydroxylase (HPH) is critically involved in the negative regulation of HIF levels. We investigated the in vivo effects of the HPH inhibitor FG0041 on brain DA function in rats by microdialysis in freely moving rats, locomotor activity, and Western blot analysis. Administration of FG0041 (10 mg/kg i.p.), as an acute (single injection), or as subchronic (once daily for 6 days) treatment and cobalt chloride (CoCl2) (60 mg/kg s.c.) potentiated potassium (K+) induced increases in extracellular levels of DA levels in the rat striatum. The increase in extracellular DA of freely moving rats was sought in relationship to locomotor activity in rats. A significant increase in locomotor activity was observed in FG0041‐treated rats compared with vehicle on a cocaine challenge. In support of these findings, protein levels of TH in the rat brain stem were increased after treatment with FG0041. These data indicate that FG0041 augments DA function in the rat brain. Inhibition of HPH enhances DA function by increasing DA release, which has implications for the use of HIF induction in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.