bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sliding Wear Behavior and Wear Effects of HVOF Sprayed Coatings Derived from Conventional, Fine and Nanostructured WC-12Co Powders
Authors: Tillmann W. , Baumann I. , Hollingsworth P. , Hagen L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the sliding wear behavior of HVOF sprayed coatings derived from conventional, fine, and nanostructured WC-Co powders. The results show that WC-Co coatings produced from fine and nanostructured feedstocks have significantly higher wear resistance and lower friction coefficients than coatings derived from conventional sized powder. This is attributed to scaling effects in the microstructure and phase evolution of the coating material as explained in the paper.
Depicting the Behavior of a Mono-Cathode Plasma Spray Torch with an Emulator
Authors: Liu T. , Deng S. , Planche M.-P. , Montavon G. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper describes the development and testing of an emulator representing a single-cathode atmospheric plasma torch. The emulator consists of three subsystems: input, simulator, and output. Arc current intensity, the hydrogen ratio of the forming gas, and its total mass flow rate are taken as input parameters, while in-flight particle temperature and velocity are the designated output. The simulator was developed in a two-stage process. By collecting and analyzing experimental data, a mathematic model expressing plasma torch operation was defined. The model was then tested and compared with experimental data. It is shown to be relatively accurate with an average error of about 2.2% in particle temperature and 1.1% in velocity.
Infiltration Bonding of a Hot Isostatic Press Clad Aluminum Layer to Plasma Sprayed Zirconium Coatings
Authors: Hollis K. , Dickerson P. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The standard technique for applying zirconium (Zr) to uranium (U) is roll bonding, where a thin foil of Zr is placed on each side of a U plate which is then encased in steel and rolled at high temperatures. This study evaluates an alternative approach in which Zr layers are plasma sprayed on U and then clad with aluminum (Al) by hot isostatic pressing. The interface region between the Zr and Al is examined by SEM, revealing a reaction layer consisting of Al, Zr, and Si. SEM images show good conformance between the Al sheet and Zr surface along with the presence of Al in the porous Zr. Initial test results indicate that increased interface roughness and Al penetration into the plasma-sprayed Zr have the potential to improve bond strength by impeding crack propagation in the reaction layer.
Microscopic Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Plasma Sprayed Al2O3 Coatings
Authors: Sakoda T. , Inaba M. , Taguchi K. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study investigates microscale features in plasma sprayed alumina and how they correlate with mechanical property differences at the macroscale. Thick alumina coatings were deposited on aluminum and titanium substrates by atmospheric and low-pressure plasma spraying using α-Al2O3 powder as the feedstock. Coating surfaces and cross-sections were examined by FE-SEM, phase distributions were identified by means of EBSD, and porosity was measured via image analysis. Mechanical properties at the micro and macroscale were assessed by nanoindentation, Vickers hardness, and cavitation erosion testing. Relevant test results and observations are presented and discussed in the paper.
TEM Characterization of the Coating-Substrate Interface in Vacuum Cold-Sprayed Nano-TiO2 Coating
Authors: Yao Hai-Long , Yang Guan-Jun , He Xue-Long , Li Cheng-Xin , Li Chang-Jiu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the microstructure of coating-substrate interfaces formed by vacuum cold spraying. Commercially available TiO2 nanopowder was deposited on SnO2-glass substrates using a lab-developed vacuum cold spray system. For comparison, TiO2 coatings were also prepared by screen printing followed by mechanical pressing. Coating surfaces and interfaces were evaluated by means of TEM and SEM imaging and XRD analysis. SEM images show that screen-printed coatings have a crack-rich morphology, while mechanical pressed and vacuum cold sprayed coatings have no obvious cracks. TEM images, on the other hand, show the extent of bonding between TiO2 nanoparticles and the glass substrate. Very little interface bonding was observed in screen-printed coatings in contrast to their vacuum cold sprayed and mechanical pressed counterparts. The difference is attributed to the higher pressures achieved by mechanical pressing and the high-velocity impact of vacuum cold spraying.
Abrasion Wear and Corrosion Resistance in Chlorine Containing Conditions of Iron Based Thermal Spray Coatings
Authors: Laurila J. , Milanti A. , Niemi K. , Vuoristo P. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this study, iron-based coatings are deposited on stainless steel substrates by HVOF and HVAF spraying and are evaluated based on SEM examination, hardness measurements, and corrosion and wear testing and by comparison with WC-CoCr and CrC-NiCr reference coatings. The results indicate that corrosion resistance is insufficient if the coating is not fully dense and has open porosity. During spraying, the particles must be totally melted and rapidly solidified to achieve uniform coating composition. Open porosity and nonuniform distribution of alloy elements, particularly chromium, is seen to induce crevice corrosion in iron-based coatings.
A Study on the Metal EDTA Complexes Thermal Spray
Authors: Li Yu , Noguchi Masahiro , Akasaka Hiroki , Nakamura Atsushi , Saitoh Hidetoshi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this study, dense yttria coatings are produced by conventional flame spraying using a yttrium ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (Y-EDTA) complex as the feedstock powder. By adjusting spray parameters, the organic components in the EDTA are completely decomposed and only crystalline Y2O3 phases are found in the deposits. Compared to atmospheric plasma sprayed Y2O3, Y-EDTA coatings produced by reactive flame spraying have better surface morphologies with fewer microcracks and are obtained at lower cost.
Formation Mechanism of Fe-Al2O3-FeAl2O4 and FeAl Coatings by Reactive Plasma Spraying under Atmosphere and Low Pressure Conditions
Authors: Zhu L. , Bolot R. , Liao H. , Coddet C. , Zhang N. , Zhao Q. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the present study, Fe-Al2O3-FeAl2O4 and FeAl coatings were synthesized in situ by reactive plasma spraying of Al-Fe2O3 composite powder under atmosphere and low-pressure conditions. Coating microstructure and phase composition are examined and coating formation mechanisms are discussed. It was found that FeAl2O4 hercynite phase is always synthesized as an intermediate product under low oxygen partial pressure conditions. In the APS process, such a phase can be retained in the final coating by extremely fast cooling. It can also be continuously reduced to FeAl by deoxidation in an oxygen-free H/H2 atmosphere.
Gender, Ethnicity, and Individual Resistance
Authors: Rossman Ella 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this article, I explore Sibirskiy dnevnik (henceforth Siberian Diary) of Arpenik Aleksanyan, a Soviet student of Armenian origin who, together with her family, was exiled to Siberia in one of the late Stalinist deportations of ethnic minorities. Arpenik's diary provides a unique perspective on forced displacement and exile through the eyes of a young woman. I treat the diary both as an historical source revealing gendered experiences of forced displacement and as autobiographical writing that provides a glimpse into late Stalinist girlhood and young women's subjectivity. I provide a reading of Siberian Diary that reveals Arpenik's seemingly contradictory integration of Stalinist ideologies of the so-called new woman and nationalities as a foundation for self-construction as well as individual resistance to persecution.
Attitudes of Iraqi Medical Schools Teachers and Students towards the Textbook
Authors: Basheer Nibras A. 
Published: March 2024

أن اكتشاف الآراء والمواقف من قبل المدرسين والطلاب حول المنهج المقرر هو خطوة جوهرية لتقييمه بالشكل الصحيح و لنجاح العملية التعليمية. أن الدراسة الحالية قد أجريت خصيصا لطلاب كليات الطب في بغداد ليكون نموذجا ومسارا لتطبيقه على كليات الطب الاخرى وهو مخصص لمعرفة آراء واتجاهات المدرسين والمتعلمين حول المنهج المقرر وهو من سلسلة ""New Headway Beginner Plus.
ولقد استعمل الباحث نوعان من الاستبيان أحدهما لمدرسي اللغة الانكليزية، وبالذات هذا المنهج والأخر للطلاب الذين يدرسون هذا المنهج فعليا وكذلك تم اجراء مقابلات مع الاساتذة لجمع المعلومات لتأييد او دحض موضوع البحث. وأظهرت نتيجة الدراسة بان هذا المنهج هو أقل من المستوى المطلوب لطلاب كليات الطب، ولا يلبي حاجات الطلبة في التعلم والمهنة المستقبلية. في الحقيقة، كل طلاب الطب جاءوا من المدارس الثانوية بدون اي خلفية عن موضوع اللغة للأغراض الخاصة ESP))، التي بواسطتها يستطيعون استعمال اللغة الطبية في محيطها للتواصل ونقل المعنى اخذين بنظر الاعتبار المحادثات بين الطبيب والمريض وبين الطبيب والطالب. ان الاساتذة (الأطباء) والطلاب يحتاجون المصطلحات الطبية بالإضافة الى اللغة العامة لسبر أغوار علم تشكيل الكلمات معتمدين على الاصل الاغريقي واللاتيني للحصول على مصطلحات طبية جديدة. تعلم المصطلحات الطبية في اللغة الانكليزية هو مفيد جدا في التواصل والمهنة المستقبلية.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder as a Potential Risk Factor for Dementia and Other Neurocognitive Disorders: A Systematic Review
Authors: Carr Rachel H. , Eom Gina D. , Brown Eric E. 
Published: March 2024

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a common neurodevelopmental condition now recognized to persist into older adulthood, has been postulated to be a risk factor for neurocognitive disorders given the overlap in clinical features and neurobiology, as well as the complex interplay between ADHD and known risk factors for dementia. Studies have emerged assessing this relationship, but there has not yet been a comprehensive systematic review addressing this topic. Objective: To assess whether ADHD is a risk factor for neurocognitive disorders and to explore possible mechanisms for such an association. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted using Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO from inception until June 4, 2023. Studies were included if they assessed whether or how ADHD may be a risk factor for neurocognitive disorders. Studies were excluded if they were not primary literature, not published in a peer-reviewed journal, not in English, and/or used non-human subjects. Study quality was assessed using the QualSyst tool. Results: Sixteen studies met inclusion criteria. Seven studies found a positive association between ADHD and neurocognitive disorders (all-cause dementia in four studies, Alzheimer’s disease in three studies, Lewy body dementia in two studies, and mild cognitive impairment in one study). Four studies did not find an association. Five studies pertained to possible mechanisms for an association, including genetics, with minimal significant findings. Conclusions: ADHD may be a risk factor for certain neurocognitive disorders, although the evidence base is limited, and the absolute risk is small. Possible explanations include genetic and lifestyle factors.
Investigating the tolerance of different strawberry cultivars to Botrytis cinerea infection and its relation with fruit quality
Authors: Qaderi Rohullah , Mazzoni Luca , Tonanni Virginia , Gagliardi Francesco , Capriotti Luca , Pergolotti Valeria , Diaz Yasmany Armas , Capocasa Franco , Mezzetti Bruno 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: Strawberries are a delicate, high nutritional value fruit with an extremely short shelf life and high susceptibility to tissue infection, mainly by Botrytis cinerea. Control of the disease requires an extensive amount of fungicide that is applied in varying complexes because the pathogen easily develops resistance against the active compounds. Planting tolerant cultivars seems to be a promising alternative for fruit growers, but there are currently no cultivars available combining tolerance to B. cinerea with attractive horticultural traits. OBJECTIVE: In this study, four well-defined strawberry cultivars (‘Romina’, ‘Cristina’, ‘Silvia’, and ‘Sibilla’) were selected and tested under treatment with Botrytis cinerea to determine the tolerance of each cultivar and its association with fruit quality. METHODS: Fruits were harvested and then stored for four days after inoculation (treatment) or not (control) with spores of B. cinerea; then, every day the level of decay was detected, and fruits were frozen for successive evaluation of fruit quality. RESULTS: The ‘Silvia’ cultivar is the one that demonstrated a higher level of tolerance to Botrytis infection during the treatment, and the ‘Romina’ cultivar was the cultivar most susceptible to the treatment. The results of the study also highlighted qualitative changes in all strawberry cultivars infected with Botrytis cinerea, by a decrease in the soluble solids content and an increase of acids. Generally, in all cultivars, phenolic acids, and vitamin C decreased in both control and infected but there was a strong decrease in infected fruit compared to control. Anthocyanin content increased in control fruits but strongly decreased in infected. CONCLUSION: As a preliminary outcome, a positive correlation was obtained between fruit nutritional quality and tolerance to decay, as a high amount of nutritional compound content provides lower susceptibility of fruits to Botrytis cinerea. To confirm this result more studies need to be done.
DySMA – an Instrument to Monitor Swallowing Function in Children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy ages 0 to 24 Months: Development, Consensus, and Pilot Testing
Authors: Zang Jana , Witt Stefanie , Johannsen Jessika , Weiss Deike , Denecke Jonas , Dumitrascu Charlotte , Nießen Almut , Quitmann Julia Hannah , Pflug Christina , Flügel Till 
Published: March 2024

Background: The manifestation of bulbar symptoms, especially swallowing, is important for evaluating disease-modifying therapies for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Due to the lack of instruments, the topic is still underrepresented in research. Objective: This study aimed to develop a tool to monitor swallowing development in children aged 0 to 24 months with SMA. Methods: The method was guided by the COSMIN guidelines and followed a multi-stage Delphi process. The first step was a rapid review of swallowing outcomes in children with SMA younger than 24 months. In the second step, online group interviews with experts ( n = 7) on dysphagia in infants were conducted, followed by an anonymous online survey among experts in infants with SMA ( n = 19). A predefined consensus threshold for nominal scaled voting was set at≥75 % and for 5-point Likert scale voting at 1.25 of the interquartile range. The third step was the pilot test of the instrument, performed with three groups (healthy controls n = 8; pre-symptomatic n = 6, symptomatic n = 6). Results: Based on the multi-level interprofessional consensus, the DySMA comprises two parts (history and examination), ten categories, with 36 items. Implementation and scoring are clearly articulated and easy to implement. The pilot test showed that swallowing development could be recorded in all groups. Conclusion: The DySMA is well suited for monitoring swallowing development in pre-symptomatic and symptomatic treated infants with SMA. It can be performed in a time-efficient and interprofessional manner. The resulting score is comparable to results from other instruments measuring other domains, e.g., motor function.
Neural Oscillations and Functional Significances for Prioritizing Dual-Task Walking in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Huang Cheng-Ya , Chen Yu-An , Wu Ruey-Meei , Hwang Ing-Shiou 
Published: March 2024

Background: Task prioritization involves allocating brain resources in a dual-task scenario, but the mechanistic details of how prioritization strategies affect dual-task walking performance for Parkinson’s disease (PD) are little understood. Objective: We investigated the performance benefits and corresponding neural signatures for people with PD during dual-task walking, using gait-prioritization (GP) and manual-prioritization (MP) strategies. Methods: Participants (N = 34) were asked to hold two inter-locking rings while walking and to prioritize either taking big steps (GP strategy) or separating the two rings (MP strategy). Gait parameters and ring-touch time were measured, and scalp electroencephalograph was performed. Results: Compared with the MP strategy, the GP strategy yielded faster walking speed and longer step length, whereas ring-touch time did not significantly differ between the two strategies. The MP strategy led to higher alpha (8–12 Hz) power in the posterior cortex and beta (13–35 Hz) power in the left frontal-temporal area, but the GP strategy was associated with stronger network connectivity in the beta band. Changes in walking speed and step length because of prioritization negatively correlated with changes in alpha power. Prioritization-related changes in ring-touch time correlated negatively with changes in beta power but positively with changes in beta network connectivity. Conclusions: A GP strategy in dual-task walking for PD can enhance walking speed and step length without compromising performance in a secondary manual task. This strategy augments attentional focus and facilitates compensatory reinforcement of inter-regional information exchange.
Factors Associated with Preferred Place of Care and Death in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pedrosa Anna J. , Feldmann Sarah , Klippel Jan , Volberg Christian , Weck Christiane , Lorenzl Stefan , Pedrosa David J. 
Published: March 2024

Background: A significant proportion of people with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD) die in hospital settings. Although one could presume that most PwPD would favor being cared for and die at home, there is currently no evidence to support this assumption. Objective: We aimed at exploring PwPD’s preferences for place of end-of-life care and place of death, along with associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate PwPD’s end-of life wishes regarding their preferred place of care and preferred place of death. Using different approaches within a generalized linear model framework, we additionally explored factors possibly associated with preferences for home care and home death. Results: Although most PwPD wished to be cared for and die at home, about one-third reported feeling indifferent about their place of death. Preferred home care was associated with the preference for home death. Furthermore, a preference for dying at home was more likely among PwPD’s with informal care support and spiritual/religious affiliation, but less likely if they preferred institutional care towards the end of life. Conclusions: The variation in responses regarding the preferred place of care and place of death highlights the need to distinguish between the concepts when discussing end-of-life care. However, it is worth noting that the majority of PwPD preferred care and death at home. The factors identified in relation to preferred place of care and death provide an initial understanding of PwPD decision-making, but call for further research to confirm our findings, explore causality and identify additional influencing factors.
Pengaruh Periode Laktasi Terhadap Kualitas Susu Sapi Perah FH di Wilayah Kerja Karya Nugraha Kabupaten Kuningan
Authors: Sudiana Nana , Jaenudin Amran , Subandi Subadi 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data kualitas susu sapi perah FH setiap periode laktasi dan kualitas susu terbaik pada periode laktasi di wilayah kerja KUD Karya Nugraha Kelurahan Cipari Kecamatan Cigugur Kabupaten Kuningan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 2 (dua) minggu, yaitu 4-18 Oktober 2008 di KUD Karya Nugraha Kelurahan Cipari Kecamatan Cigugur Kabupaten Kuningan dengan menggunakan 28 sapi perah laktasi, yaitu masing-masing 4 ekor sapi laktasi ke 1,2,3,4,5,6 dan 7 yang di beri pakan sama didasarkan atas kebutuhan berat kering (BK) pakan yang terdiri atas 60% rumput Pennisetum purpurium dan 40% konsentrat. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan rancang acak lengkap dengan 7 perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah periode laktasi, yaitu : I = sapi laktasi ke 1, II = sapi laktasi ke 2, III = sapi laktasi ke 3, IV = sapi laktasi ke 4, V = sapi laktasi ke 5, VI = sapi laktasi ke 6, VII = sapi laktasi ke 7. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa kualitas susu sapi perah di Wilayah Karya Nugraha Kabupaten Kuningan telah memenuhi Â syarat yang ditetapkan oleh Milk Codex sebagai susu yang berkualitas baik. Periode laktasi ke 4 menghasilkan susu terbaik, yaitu kadar lemak susu 3,71 %, SNF 8,02 %, Protein 3,01% dan laktosa 4,20 %.Kata Kunci : Sapi Perah FH, Laktasi, Kualitas Susu
The big shift in Canadian healthcare: connected, integrated and community-based
Authors: Kim Chris 
Published: March 2024

<p>The Canadian healthcare system (medicare) was established by legislation passed in 1984 and has become a hallmark of our society. Designed on the principle that healthcare is a social good and that all residents should have equal access to the appropriate medical care, the Canadian healthcare system still garners overwhelming public support. </p>
<p>However, emerging challenges threaten to destabilize a healthcare system cherished by many. Over the long term, the existing healthcare delivery model will no longer be sufficient to meet the demands of the Canadian public. In order to provide the best possible care in the most affordable and efficient manner, Canada’s provinces and territories are working to modernize the way they provide healthcare products and services, an effort fueled by the ubiquitous availability of technology. In this report we investigate the two interdependent thrusts that underpin this radical transformation:</p>
<ul>
<li>Decentralization: Moving care outside of provider settings and into the home and community</li>
<li>Connectivity: Open data sharing and communication across users and healthcare providers</li>
</ul>
<p>Together, decentralization and connectivity have significant potential to address some of the current healthcare system’s greatest challenges and, importantly, may result in better health outcomes for citizens, while reducing the financial burden on the public purse. Successful implementation will require the combined and unified efforts of decision makers, healthcare professionals, healthcare institutions (hospitals), community-based facilities and patients. This report is part of the Connected World series and will investigate the many aspects of community-based and connected care. </p>
<p>As Part 1, it is intended to provide background on the factors shaping the transformation of healthcare. An upcoming report (Part 2) will delve into the technologies required to successfully move care into the community and to connect all system players. Ontario entrepreneurs and researchers are hard at work developing new innovations that will fundamentally transform the existing healthcare delivery model. The follow-up report (Part 2) will highlight a selection of innovators and showcase the progress that Ontario is making.</p>