bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Giant Epignathus with Intracranial Teratoma in a Newborn Infant
Authors: ANG A. T. , HO N.K , ONG, C.L 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA male newborn infant with a giant epignathus associated with intracranial teratoma and obstructive hydrocephalus detected antenatally is reported. Only 4 similar cases have been reported in the literature. This disorder is uniformly lethal. We believe this is the first reported case of epignathus with congenital intracranial teratoma diagnosed antenatally by ultrasonography.
Carcinoma Penis
Authors: SANDEMAN T.F. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTBetween 1954 and 1984, 102 cases of carcinoma of the penis were seen at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute. Their mean age was 62.5 years. Nearly twice as many patients were referred in the last decade as in the first, and this observation may be linked to the reduction in numbers of neonatal circumcisions in the last forty years. The material reported is selected by referral patterns of recurrence following surgery elsewhere or the patient's preference for conservative management. As a result the overall survival figures have little meaning. However it is apparent that where possible and where acceptable, partial surgical amputation is more likely to achieve local cure and to be less disturbing for patients with invasive disease. Radiotherapy can be effective in controlling superficial primaries and may be curative in early, or rarely in late, stage nodal disease. Prevention by circumcision in infancy is still the best policy.
Hexabrix 320R for CT. (Computed Tomography) — Patient Tolerance and Image Quality
Authors: STUCKEY J.G. , JAMES R.H. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA total of 367 patients were studied using Hexabrix 320 as intravenous contrast material during CT scanning. Adverse events were recorded and analysed with respect to patient age and risk category. Hexabrix 320 produced adequate image quality in all patients. Whilst minor adverse events were relatively common, only a few moderate adverse events were seen and no severe adverse events were observed. Hexabrix 320 was noted to be very well tolerated in the elderly and well tolerated by the high risk patient.
The Radiographic Changes of Scleroderma in the Hands
Authors: DOYLE TERENCE , LITTLEJOHN GEOFFREY , MILLER MARIAN , BARNETT ALFRED 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTHand radiographs from 160 patients with scleroderma were reviewed. The presence of calcinosis distal to the metacarpophalangeal joints was significantly associated with the female sex, disease duration over 10 years, digital ulceration, telangiectasia, tuft erosion and the presence of anticentromere antibodies. The presence of calcinosis proximal to the metacarpophalangeal joints was significantly associated with tuft erosions and erosions involving all joints. The lack of distal calcinosis was significantly associated with anti Scl 70 and antinucleolar antibodies.The prevalence of other radiological manifestations of scleroderma such as osteoarthritis, erosions and dorsal tuft modelling was documented.Specific radiological findings correlate with certain clinical and serological characteristics in scleroderma.
M.R. Imaging of the Knee: A Prospective Trial Using a Low Field Strength Magnet
Authors: JAMES PHILLIP , BUIRSKI GRAHAM 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA double blind prospective study involving fifty patients was performed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of knee MR Imaging using a 0.3 Tesla low field strength scanner. The study compared MR Imaging with arthroscopy. The overall accuracy found for the detection of meniscal tears was 92% and cruciate ligament tears 95%.These results compare favourably with other diagnostic modalities including knee arthroscopy. MR Imaging is good at showing meniscal lesions, especially cleavage tears, though some bucket‐handle tears produced no MR abnormality. MR Imaging is very accurate at demonstrating complete cruciate ligament tears. Partial cruciate ligament tears often produced no positive MR findings and in no patients could any features be found to indicate ligamentous laxity.
Imaging of Ureteral Duplication with a Non‐functioning Component
Authors: LAM A.H. , SACHINWALLA T.N. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT31 patients of ureteral duplication were selected when one moiety of the duplex system was poorly visualised with either IVU or DTPA studies. Both ultrasound and IVU were performed in all cases. DTPA scans were performed in 17 cases and MCUs in 26 cases. The cases were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (28 patients), with hydronephrosis and hydroureter, was further subdivided into 1 A (18 patients) where the ureter terminated in an ureterocoele and 1 B (10 patients) where the ureter was ectopic. Group 2 (3 patients) were cases where the non‐functioning moiety was hypoplastic or dysplastic and was drained by a small or normal size ureter. The diagnostic value of IVU, Ultrasound, DTPA scan and MCU was reviewed in each group.
Cervical Myelopathy in C.P.P.D. Deposition Disease
Authors: PARKER GEOFFREY D. , JONES NIGEL R. , SCOTT GRACE 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTCervical Myelopathy is a rare manifestation of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (C.P.P.D.) deposition disease.A case is presented where radiographically non‐calcified extradural masses containing C.P.P.D. crystals were present at the C7 level, producing cord compression and neurological symptoms. These masses are thought to represent para‐articular deposits related to the adjacent facet joints.
Radiologically Controlled Drainage of Pleural and Pulmonary Collections*
Authors: FATAAR SHADLEY 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTRadiologically controlled catheter drainage is now accepted therapy for fluid collections in many parts of the body. While this is performed mainly in the abdomen, the chest is increasingly being drained percutaneously as an alternative to surgical drainage (van Sonnenberg et al 1984; Westcott 1985; O'Moore et al 1987; Crouch et al 1987). This report outlines the experience with 31 chest collections treated by the intervention radiologist over a two‐year period.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
Authors: ALBERTYN LYNDA E. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTFour patients with clinical and serologically proven Herpes Simplex Encephalitis (HSE) were examined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) following Computed Tomographic (CT) scans.MRI proved more sensitive at detecting the temporal lobe abnormalities than CT and invariably showed the lesions to be more extensive than suspected. The findings were consistent with an acute inflammatory process. Haemorrhage was present in only one patient. The sharp transition to normal at the lentiform nucleus previously described on CT was present in only one of the four patients, but was observed in a different patient with cerebral lymphoma and no evidence of HSE and is thus concluded to be less specific than previously thought. A repeat MRI scan at seven months on one of the patients showed persisting increased signal on T2 weighted images after resolution of the mass effect.The pathology and suspected mechanisms for the MRI appearances are discussed.MRI is concluded to be a valuable tool in the early diagnosis of HSE and in the longer term for further evaluation of residual disabilities.
Hepatic Adenoma and Focal Nodular Hyperplasia: A Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: LOW VINCENT , KHANGURE MAKHAN S. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTFocal Nodular Hyperplasia (FNH) and Hepatic Adenoma (HA) remain difficult diagnostic problems due to their variable imaging appearances. Five new cases are presented, illustrating this variability, and the current literature is reviewed.Ultrasonography is a sensitive modality for their detection but is otherwise non‐specific. On computer tomegraphy, the presence of a scar suggests FNH, whilst haemorrhage suggests HA. However these features are seen in only a small number of cases. Radionuclide (colloid) scanning aids considerably in FNH but a definitive role has not been found in HA. Angiography is helpful, providing anatomical information, sometimes diagnostic (septated blush in FNH, hypovascular areas in HA) and able to discern benign from malignant lesions.
Primary Sacral Bone Tumours in Children (Report of 16 cases with a short literature review)
Authors: KOZLOWSKI K. , BARYLAK A. , CAMPBELL J. , HOEFFEL J.D. , BELUFFI G. , MASEL J. , PANUEL M. , PELIZZA A. , TACCONE A. , ARICO M. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARY16 cases of primary sacral bone tumours in children are reported. These include 13 patients with Ewing's sarcoma and 3 with very rare primary sacral bone tumours in childhood — chordoma, haemangiopericytoma and osteoblastoma.All sacral bone tumours, with the exception of Ewing's sarcoma are very rare in childhood.The possibility of a sacral tumour should be considered in a child with radiculopathy.CT and MR make the diagnosis of primary sacral bone tumours much easier with the added possibility of recognition of the true nature of the lesion in many instances.Reports of primary sacral bone tumours in children are scarce. Most of the patients are incorporated in adult series which do not specify the age of the child and the site of the tumour.The purpose of this paper is to describe 16 children with primary sacral bone tumours.
Malignant Psoas Syndrome: Recognition of an Oncologic Entity
Authors: STEVENS MARK J. , GONET YVONNE M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTFrom January 1985 to January 1989 four patients with advanced cancer developed a syndrome characterized by proximal lumbosacral plexopathy and painful flexion of the ipsilateral hip with positive psoas muscle stretch test. Malignant involvement of the psoas major muscle was confirmed radiologically in all cases. Pain was intractable in 3 patients until time of death.We have termed this presentation the malignant psoas syndrome (MPS) and retrospective review of 427 oncology patients with “high risk” solid cancer culled no additional cases during the same 4–year period. We believe MPS to be a hitherto unreported complication of systemic cancer in which malignant involvement of the psoas muscle, in addition to producing severe nociceptive pain, contributes to the process of lumbosacral deafferentation. The clinical presentation, diagnosis and strategies of management of MPS are discussed.
Use of Mouse Tail in the Study of Irradiated Microvasculature
Authors: NARAYAN KAILASH 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe use of the mouse tail in the study of microvasculature following fractionated radiotherapy is described. Mice are restrained in a perspex housing and mounted on a perspex tray containing slots for individual mice. The mouse restrainer, irradiation set up, and dosimetry are described in detail. Irradiation was carried out using a 4MV Linear accelerator. The technique described here is reproducible. It can be used to study the volume effects in fractionated radiotherapy.
Mesentenic Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia — Report of a Case and Review of the Literature
Authors: LEE JIMMY P.K. , NGAI RUDOLPH L.C. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA case of hyaline vascular type of mesenteric giant lymph node hyperplasia (MGLNH) is presented. 15 previously reported cases were found in the literature with 14 belonging to the plasma cell type and one belonging to the hyaline vascular type. This is contrary to thoracic giant lymph node hyperplasia (TGLNH) where hyaline vascular type predominates. Like TGLNH, the hyaline vascular type of MGLNH produces no systemic symptoms but the plasma cell type is associated With various systemic symptoms and abnormal laboratory findings.
CT Demonstration of Traumatic Ventral Hernia and Diaphragmatic Rupture A Case Report
Authors: LOW VINCENT , KELSEY PETER 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTTraumatic ventral hernias occur rarely. A case is presented where bowel has herniated through a traumatic defect of the anterior abdominal musculature, demonstrated by CT. This has not been previously reported in the literature. These loops of bowel showed mural thickening and high density indicating severe injury and were found at laparotomy to be ischaemic.The patient simultaneously suffered rupture of the right hemidiaphragm, also demonstrated by CT and also an uncommon injury.
Analysis of 308 Localisation Breast Biopsies in a New Zealand Hospital
Authors: JOHNSTON J.A. , CLEE C.Z. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe authors have reviewed 308 localisation biopsies performed on nonpalpable breast lesions between 1986 and 1990. The initiating mammogram, specimen radiograph, radiologists' reports and histology reports have been analysed with respect to the nature of the mammographic lesion, patient age, breast parenchymal pattern and histologic diagnosis.The overall malignant biopsy rate was 28%. Malignancy was found in 67% of biopsies for architectural distortion, 27% for calcification and 25% for a mass lesion. Masses if malignant proved to have an invasive component in the majority of cases (29/33). Calcification if malignant was more often in situ carcinoma (25/44).29% of malignant biopsies were in women under the age of 50 and approximately half of these had an invasive component. The histologic nature of benign lesions is presented with identification of those with proliferative breast disease.The results are compared with those of other recently published series. Implications are discussed for the management of minimally suspicious lesions and for screening mammography.
Carotid and Vertebral Artery Trauma: Clinical and Angiographic Features
Authors: O'SULLIVAN RICHARD M. , GRAEB DOUGLAS A. , NUGENT ROBERT A. , ROBERTSON WILLIAM D. , LAPOINTE JOCELYNE S. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYInjury to the carotid or vertebral artery is an important clinical entity that requires angiography for definitive diagnosis and evaluation. The common carotid artery may be injured by penetrating trauma while the internal carotid artery is usually damaged by either trivial or blunt trauma.With trivial trauma extracranial internal carotid artery dissection should be considered if there is unilateral headache, Honer's syndrome or delayed transient ischaemic attack, and intracranial dissection if a profound neurological defect occurs immediately following trauma. Injury to the internal carotid artery following blunt trauma includes dissection of the extracranial internal carotid artery, carotid‐cavernous fistula and pseudoaneurysm formation. These should be considered in a patient with delayed neurological deficit, mandibular or skull fracture, a constellation of orbital signs or diffuse subarachnoid haemorrhage, respectively.Vertebral artery injury is less frequent. Dissection typically follows abrupt cervical rotation and occurs at C1‐2, whereas penetrating trauma may involve either the proximal or distal vertebral artery and occlusion, arteriovenous fistula or pseudoaneurysm may be found.Endovascular techniques may be used in either the carotid or vertebral artery to close fistulae or occlude an extensively damaged vessel.
Concurrent Radiotherapy and Carboplatin in Non Small‐Cell Lung Cancer: A Pilot Study Using Conventional and Accelerated Fractionation
Authors: BALL DAVID , BISHOP JAMES , CRENNAN ELIZABETH , OLVER IAN 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThirteen patients with unresectable non small cell lung cancer were treated with radical radiotherapy and carboplatin administered concurrently. The first 6 patients were treated to a total dose of 60 Gy in 30 fractions in 6 weeks, with carboplatin 70 mg/m2/day on days 1 to 5 during weeks 1 and 5 of radiotherapy. The remaining 7 patients were given 60 Gy in 30 fractions in 3 weeks, treating twice a day (accelerated fractionation). Carboplatin was given as above but only during week 1 of radiotherapy. Twelve patients completed radiotherapy without interruption but 2 patients developed WHO grade 3 neutropenia. Major toxicity was oesophagitis, one patient requiring nasogastric feeding. Average duration of dysphagia (any grade) in the accelerated fractionation group was 21 weeks. Four patients achieved good partial responses even though intial tumour volume was large. We conclude that this treatment is associated with increased but acceptable early mucosal toxicity.
The Role of Radiotherapy in the Control of Midbrain Tumours
Authors: FRANKLIN C. I. V. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThis study examined 37 patients who were referred to the Queensland Radium Institute between 1980 and 1989 with tumours of the midbrain to determine if there were any factors which were associated with an improved prognosis. In those patients in whom histology was available, the grade of the tumour was of importance. High grade tumours had a shorter survival than low grade tumours. There was a dose response effect with increasing survival as the dose increased from less than 45Gy up to 50Gy. There were no deaths beyond two years, implying that two year survival is an indicator of long term survival.
Case Report ‐ CT Findings in Adenomyomatosis of the Gallbladder
Authors: CLOUSTON J. E. , THORPE R. J. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA case report of the CT findings in adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder is presented. Significant CT findings of this entity are variation in wall density, marked differential enhancement of wall layers during dynamic liver scanning and detection of Rokitanksy‐Aschoff sinuses within the wall. CT apparently depicts both mucosal and muscularis thickening.
Duplication of the Vertebro‐Basilar System
Authors: TRAN‐DINH H.D. , SOO Y.S. , JAYASINGHE L.S. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTDuring the examination of 75 fixed brains and 2086 vertebral angiograms we encountered two cases of fenestration of the vertebral artery and two cases of partial duplication of the basilar artery.In the first case, an 81 year old male, there was fenestration, of the basilar artery at the union of the two vertebral arteries. The fenestration was 9mm long with no associated vascular disease. The other partial duplication of the basilar artery was observed in the upper portion of the artery in a 54 year old male patient investigated angiographically for subarachniod haemorrhage. The fenestration of the third case was demonstrated in the intracranial part of the right vertebral artery of a 50 year old female patient during digital substraction angiography for subarachnoid haemorrhage. In the fourth case, the fenestration was found angiographically at the atlanto‐axial level in the extracranial portion of the left vertebral artery in a 37 year old female patient with subarachnoid haemorrhage from an arteriovenous malformation in the left cerebral hemisphere.The embryonic, histological and radiological implications of the duplication are discussed.
Radiological‐Pathological Correlation of Mass Lesions in the Liver
Authors: KREEL LOUIS , ARNOLD MUOI M. , FAILO YUET‐ 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThirty two human livers were removed at autopsy. These included 7 with space‐occupying or tumour‐like lesions, namely one with multiple cysts, three with haemangiomas, a lobated liver with multiple nodules of focal nodular hyperplasia, one with a metastasis which also had a small haemangioma and one with a hepato‐cellular carcinoma. Fine particle barium diluted 2:l with water was injected by hand to fill the arterial system. In the lobated liver, the portal system was also filled. High definition radiographs of liver slices showed arteriographic detail not visible on angiography. The arteriographic appearances were correlated with the macroscopic and microscopic pathology.Liver cysts compress the arteries and arterioles but an apparent halo on the whole liver radiograph was shown to be spurious on a 1 cm thick high definition film. The small vessel pattern of haemangiomas is well demonstrated accounting for the hyperechoic sonograms but hypoechoic areas may also occur due to involution of or haemorrhage into tumours. The small lesions of focal nodular hyperplasia had a poor arterial supply but filled from a portal venous injection. Metastases had a peripheral network of small vessels, central necrosis and normal sized peripheral arteries with no large artery entering the tumour. In hepatocellular carcinoma, a large artery was demonstrated entering the tumour which was considerably more vascular than the metastases. These features should aid in distinguishing these lesions on sonography.
Carbon Localisation of Impalpable Mammographic Abnormalities
Authors: LANGLOIS S. Le P. , CARTER M.L. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA prospective study was undertaken to assess the usefulness, safety and cost‐effectiveness of stereotacti‐cally guided carbon localisation of impalpable breast lesions. Fifty six lesions in 53 patients were iocalised by this method, some in combination with fine‐needle aspiration and hookwire localisation. Some modification of the study was required due to ready acceptance of the technique by surgeons, who preferred carbon to hookwire localisation. The technique was proven to be safe and accurate, and highly acceptable to patients, referring clinicians and radiology staff. It is now the preferred procedure for localising impalpable breast lesions prior to excision biopsy.
Rhizomelic Bone Dysplasia with Club‐like Femora (Case report and confirmation of a syndrome)
Authors: KISS P. , KOZLOWSKI K. , ZAVODI E. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA newborn with rhizomelic bone dysplasia with club‐like femora is reported. This is the fourth case Of this easily recognizable, recently reported, congenital bone disease.Maroteaux et al recently reported two patients with rhizomelic bone dysplasia and club‐like femora as a distinctive new bone dysplasia. Their observation was confirmed by Gugliantini et al (2) who reported another case.This paper reports a fourth patient with this easily recognisable disorder.
The Recalcitrant Subclavian Pseudoaneurysm: A Case Report
Authors: BUCKENHAM T. M. , WATKINS G. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA case of pseudoaneurysm of the left subclavian artery is presented. It demonstrates not only the difficulties facing the surgeon and radiologist in the management of this rare condition, but also how interventional radiology and surgery can be used in tandem to approach such a complex vascular problem.
Water‐Soluble Contrast CT Cisternography in CSF Fistulas
Authors: SHARMA PRADEEP , SEHGAL A.D. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTHigh resolution C.T. cisternography with water‐soluble contrast media was performed in eight patients with C.S.F. rhinorrhea and suspected C.S.F. fistula.This technique, aided by video fluoroscopy, proved successful in documenting the precise anatomical localisation of the fistulous track in all eight patients.Surgical exploration and correction was done in every case with confirmation of the radiological findings.
Investigation of a Family with Von Hippel‐Lindau Syndrome
Authors: ANDERSEN JOHN 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA family with Von Hippel‐Lindau syndrome has been investigated with Ultrasound, CT and MRI. The major lesions found were posterior fossa haema‐gioblastomas, retinal haemangioblastomas and renal cell carcinoma. Screening of family members has been undertaken due to the known autosomal dominant inheritance of this condition.
Childhood Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Hepatoblastoma: Integrated Sonography and Dynamic CT
Authors: FOULNER DERYCK , CREMIN BRYAN 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT13 cases of hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma are reviewed with respect to the visibility of the tumour margin, hepatic veins, and portal veins on non‐contrast, non‐dynamic and dynamic computerised scans. In large tumours the accurate interpretation of venous anatomy can be difficult. We found that dynamic scanning followed by a repeat scan of selected slices after a few minutes was the most useful method. If facilities for dynamic scanning are not available then it is suggested that conventional scanning be performed immediately after the intravenous injection so as to avoid the isodense phase of hepatic enhancement.