bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medication counseling for OTC drugs using customized ChatGPT-4: Comparison with ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4o
Authors: Kiyomiya Keisuke , Aomori Tohru , Ohtani Hisakazu 
Published: February 2025

Background In Japan, consumers can purchase most over-the-counter (OTC) drugs without pharmacist guidance. Recently, generative artificial intelligence (AI) has become increasingly popular. Therefore, medical professionals need to consider the use of generative AI by consumers for medication counseling. We have previously reported responses in Japanese from ChatGPT-3.5 to 264 questions regarding whether each of 22 OTC drugs can be taken under 12 typical patient conditions. The proportion of responses that satisfied the criteria of 1) accuracy, 2) relevance, and 3) reliability with respect to package insert instructions was 20.8%. In November 2023, GPTs were launched, enabling us to construct a customized ChatGPT, using natural language. In the present study, we compared performance in providing medication guidance among a newly customized GPT, the latest non-customized version ChatGPT-4o, and the previous version, ChatGPT-3.5. The aim was to determine whether the customization and version update of ChatGPT improved performance and to evaluate its potential usefulness. Methods We configured customized ChatGPT-4 by executing five instructions in Japanese and uploaded the text of package inserts for 22 OTC drugs as knowledge. We asked the same 264 questions as in our previous study. Results With the customized ChatGPT-4, the percentages of responses that satisfied the criteria of accuracy, relevance, and reliability were 93.2%, 100%, and 60.2%, respectively. Additionally, 56.1% of responses satisfied all three criteria, 2.7-fold higher compared with ChatGPT-3.5 and 1.3-fold higher compared with ChatGPT-4o. Conclusion The performance of our customized GPT far exceeded that of ChatGPT-3.5. In particular, the proportion of appropriate responses to the questions using brand names was significantly improved. ChatGPT can be customized by providing drug package insert information and using appropriate prompt engineering, potentially offering helpful tools in clinical pharmacy.
How follow-up period in prospective cohort studies affects the relationship between baseline fish consumption and risk of Alzheimer's disease and dementia
Authors: Grant William B 
Published: February 2025

Background Diet plays an important role in the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is regarded as one way to reduce risk. Fish is a component of the Mediterranean diet. Participant variables change with time, resulting in “regression dilution”. Objective The objective is to investigate the role of follow-up period after measurement of dietary fish intake with risk of AD and dementia. Methods A recent meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies is used to examine this effect for dietary fish and incidence of dementia and AD. Results For seven dementia studies with mean follow-up periods from one to ten years, the regression fit to the data is relative risk (RR) = 0.19 + (0.087 × Follow up [years], r = 0.84, adjusted r2 = 0.66, p = 0.009). However, when mean age of the participants was added to the analysis, the effect of follow-up period became non-significant. For five AD studies with follow-up periods from 3.9 to 9.8 years, the regression fit to the data is RR = 0.11 + (0.095 × follow up [years]), r = 0.93, adjusted r2 = 0.87, p = 0.02). The RR for the regression fit to the shortest follow-up periods are 40% greater for dementia than the standard meta-analysis suggests and 70% greater for AD. Conclusions Prospective cohort studies of diet and health outcomes should reassess variables every few years. Meta-analyses should consider the effect of mean follow-up periods and mean age of the participants during follow up.
Evaluating Feasibility and Acceptability of a Telehealth Integrative Pain Management Program Among Primary Care Safety-Net Patients
Authors: Bahl Shivani , Ritter Vadan , Thompson-Lastad Ariana , Ruvalcaba Denise , Jackson Jhia , Fernando Christa M. , Turchin Candice , Finch Mary Ann , Soldaini Antonella , Swedlow Pamela , Wennik Jesse , Chao Maria T. 
Published: February 2025

Background The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated pain care inequities for low-income people. The Telehealth Integrative Pain Management Program (t-IPMP) was developed to provide pain management services for patients in public health clinics of the San Francisco Health Network (SFHN). Adapted from an existing program, t-IPMP delivered multimodal pain treatment via telehealth groups when in-person healthcare was restricted. Objective This mixed-methods study evaluates the feasibility and acceptability of t-IPMP. Methods We conducted a single-arm evaluation of three cohorts of t-IPMP, comprising 12 two-hour weekly online sessions on pain education, mindfulness, therapeutic movement, and self-acupressure. Participants were adults with chronic pain referred by SFHN primary care providers. We conducted baseline surveys, three-month surveys, and qualitative interviews (n = 15); participant observation of three sessions per cohort; and 3 focus groups (n = 20). Mixed-methods analysis included descriptive statistics, pre/post comparisons using t-tests, and codebook thematic analysis. Results The t-IPMP received 107 referrals from 52 providers at 11 clinics, and 35% of referrals enrolled. Participants (n = 37) attended an average of 6 sessions. Participants who completed surveys (n = 15) were majority cisgender women (67%) with below-average wealth (87%) from diverse racial and ethnic identities. Qualitative data highlighted that t-IPMP created a supportive environment which fostered social connection and reduced social isolation. Social support encouraged use of new mind-body practices for pain. Telehealth was well received, though some participants preferred in-person interaction. From baseline to three-month follow up, average scores increased on measures of physical function (mean = 1.9, 95% CI 0.2-3.6); global quality of life (mean = 3.8, 95% CI 1.6-6.0); and pain self-efficacy (mean = 5.3, 95% CI 0.9-9.7). Conclusion Integrative, multimodal pain management delivered through telehealth groups is feasible among primary care safety net patients, however, may not be optimal for all. Findings indicate that offering options for participating either online or in-person may best address patient needs and preferences.
Integrative cytogenetic and molecular studies unmask “chromosomal mimicry” in hematologic malignancies
Authors: Zhao Melissa , Ryall Scott , Brody Samuel J. , Harris Amyah C. , Cabral Kristin , Brownstein Catherine , Kim Jaeseung C. , Smith Adam C. , Dal Cin Paola , Narayan Rupa , Sikkink Kristin , Schmitt Anthony , Hobbs Gabriela S. , Fathi Amir T. , Griffin Gabriel K. , Sait Sheila N. J. , Iafrate Anthony J. , Aster Jon C. , Graubert Timothy A. , Nardi Valentina , Dubuc Adrian M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The detection of structural variants (SVs) represents a critical component in the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of many hematologic malignancies. Although clinical SV testing mainly consists of traditional cytogenetic methodologies, technological innovations have led to alternative approaches with improved resolution. In this study, we sought to characterize the clinical impact of targeted RNA sequencing on the diagnosis of myeloid and immature lymphoid malignancies. Across a cohort (n = 380) of myeloid (87%) and immature lymphoid (13%) tumors, we compared SVs detected by chromosome banding analysis (CBA) and fusion events detected by anchored multiplex polymerase chain reaction (AMP)–targeted RNA sequencing. Variants detected by either assay were categorized using a 5-tier system: tier 1 (established clinical significance); tier 2 (possible clinical significance); tier 3 (unknown significance); tier 4 (known germ line variants), and tier 5 (no variants detected). The combined use of AMP and CBA improved the detection of clinically relevant (tier 1 or 2) findings in 10% of cases. Unexpectedly, in 1% (3/380) of the patients in our study, CBA appeared to detect a defining SV, for example, t(9;22)(q34;q11.2), that was not confirmed by AMP fusion studies. Subsequent evaluation by orthogonal approaches confirmed breakpoints on the expected chromosomes but did not involve the anticipated genes. Our study indicates that “chromosomal mimicry,” a phenomenon in which chromosome morphology resembles a known SV but lacks the expected gene-level rearrangement, is an infrequent but recurrent finding with the potential to confound clinical management. Our study highlights the need for assays with gene-level resolution in the diagnostic evaluation of hematologic malignancies.
Microbial contamination of therapeutic contact lenses after photorefractive keratectomy: a prospective analysis
Authors: Soleimani Mohammad , Behjati Najafabadi Omid , Atighehchian Mehrnaz , Razavi Alireza , Abedinifar Zohreh , Tabatabaei Seyed Ali , Asadigandomani Hassan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The objective of this study was to examine bacterial contamination in therapeutic contact lenses (TCLs) utilized following photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and to identify factors correlated to positive culture outcomes.

Methods
This prospective study comprised 120 eyes from 60 patients who underwent bilateral PRK surgery at Farabi Eye Hospital in 2022. TCLs, applied postoperatively, were collected between the fifth and seventh days, placed in sterile containers with culture media, and analyzed for microbial growth. The documentation included patient demographic information, refractive status, preoperative conditions, culture results, and antibiotic susceptibility data.

Results
The results indicated microbial growth was detected in seven lenses, which accounts for 5.8% of the total number of lenses (120 TCLs). Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) (4 lenses, 2 methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS)), Escherichia coli (E. coli) (1 lens), diphtheroid (1 lens), and micrococcus species (1 lens) were the isolated organisms. The patients did not experience any instances of microbial keratitis during the study period. Patients with positive cultures demonstrated a significantly higher mean age (35.00 ± 7.09 years, P-value = 0.036). No significant gender disparities were identified (P-value = 0.263).

Conclusion
The incidence of microbial contamination in postoperative TCLs following PRK was minimal, with no occurrence of microbial keratitis. Older ages correlated with positive culture outcomes, highlighting the necessity for customized postoperative care approaches.
The impact of sleep on breast cancer-specific mortality: a Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Hayes Bryony L. , Fleming Leanne , Mahmoud Osama , Martin Richard M. , Lawlor Deborah A. , Robinson Timothy , Richmond Rebecca C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The relationship between sleep traits and survival in breast cancer is uncertain and complex. There are multiple biological, psychological and treatment-related factors that could link sleep and cancer outcomes. Previous studies could be biased due to methodological limitations such as reverse causation and confounding. Here, we used two-sample mendelian randomisation (MR) to investigate the causal relationship between sleep and breast cancer mortality.

Methods
Publicly available genetic summary data from females of European ancestry from UK Biobank and 23andme and the Breast Cancer Association Consortium were used to generate instrumental variables for sleep traits (chronotype, insomnia symptoms, sleep duration, napping, daytime-sleepiness, and ease of getting up (N = 446,118–1,409,137)) and breast cancer outcomes (15 years post-diagnosis, stratified by tumour subtype and treatment (N = 91,686 and Ndeaths = 7,531 over a median follow-up of 8.1 years)). Sensitivity analyses were used to assess the robustness of analyses to MR assumptions.

Results
Initial results found some evidence for a per category increase in daytime-sleepiness reducing overall breast cancer mortality (HR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.14, 0.80), and for insomnia symptoms reducing odds of mortality in oestrogen receptor positive breast cancers not receiving chemotherapy (HR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.68) and in patients receiving aromatase inhibitors (HR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.07, 0.78). Importantly, these relationships were not robust following sensitivity analyses meaning we could not demonstrate any causal relationships.

Conclusions
This study did not provide evidence that sleep traits have a causal role in breast cancer mortality. Further work characterising disruption to normal sleep behaviours and its effects on tumour biology, treatment compliance and quality of life are needed.
Global priorities in HIA research: a new agenda for the next decade
Authors: Haigh Fiona , Green Liz , Hirono Katherine , Mekel Odile C. L. , Douglas Margaret 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Health Impact Assessment (HIA) advances Health in All Policies by identifying impacts of proposed actions on health and equity and recommending changes to address these impacts. Since the Gothenburg Consensus Statement in 1999, HIA has been applied to policies, plans, programmes and projects in multiple sectors and settings across the world. Despite demonstrated effectiveness, its use across the world is inconsistent with few nations systematically using HIA. In a global context of increasing health inequities, pandemics, climate change, and economic crises, HIA can help integrate health and equity into decision making. There is a need for research to support the ongoing evolution and development of HIA. This paper presents a research agenda for the field of HIA.

Methods
We used a mixed method approach utilising insights of approximately 280 participants through an international online survey and participatory workshops. We compared priority areas of research identified through the survey, workshops, and literature review to inform the development of a research agenda. The team drew on their own positioning and experience as HIA practitioners and researchers to shape this agenda.

Results
We identified four research priorities: (1) Institutionalisation - Sustaining and institutionalising HIA in varying contexts and levels. (2) Influence - Identifying mechanisms and strategies that can be employed to effectively influence stakeholders and decision making. (3) Equity and Participation - Analysing the role of equity, justice, power and participation in HIA, and (4) Methodology - Improving HIA Methods to understand the complex relationships between proposed actions, health and health equity outcomes and identifying what to do. We developed research questions for each theme.

Conclusions
The research agenda advocates for sustained research and practice to strengthen impact and address knowledge gaps in the field. Functioning as a roadmap for both researchers and funders, it aims to contribute to a healthier and more equitable world. Recognising the valuable role of HIA in addressing global health challenges, the agenda encourages researchers to investigate, develop, and advance the field of HIA.
An ultrasound and shear wave elastography study: effect of grip on medial elbow joint morphology during valgus stress
Authors: Gong Matthew F. , Wilps Tyler J. , Abrams Jamieson G. , Dorn Shanelle , Parekh Jesal N. , Hughes Tudor H. , Robertson Catherine M. , Meunier Matthew J. , Ward Samuel R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The flexor pronator mass (FPM) is an important dynamic stabilizer to valgus stress at the elbow and has been reported to protect against ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury. Active gripping and pronation have demonstrated reduced ulnohumeral joint space and change in material properties of the UCL when examined in vivo via ultrasound. No studies have utilized ultrasonography and shear wave elastography to characterize the medial elbow’s response to FPM activation under valgus stress. This cross-sectional, repeated measures study aims to characterize medial elbow changes in UCL and FPM tissue stiffness and joint space width (JSW) during valgus stress with incremental FPM activation through gripping.

Methods
Thirteen participants (6 male, 7 female) aged 18–40 year with a BMI < 30 and no history of upper extremity injury were included in this study. Elbows were placed in a telos stress device at 30° of flexion and a 100N valgus stress was applied. Participants then activated the FPM by gripping a spherical dynamometer at 100, 75, 50, 25, and 0% of maximal grip strength. UCL thickness, ulnohumeral (UH) JSW, UCL stiffness, and FPM stiffness were measured for each condition and compared via a two-way repeated measures ANOVA and a post hoc Fischer’s Least Significant Difference test.

Results
Men and women showed no baseline differences in UCL thickness or UH JSW. JSW was significantly wider under valgus load, 2.22 ± 0.42 mm vs. 2.99 ± 0.46 mm in males and 2.15 ± 0.41 mm vs. 2.99 ± 0.55 mm in females (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were demonstrated in UH JSW by gripping force magnitude and differences by sex were not observed. Additionally, no significant changes in tissue stiffness were observed during dynamic conditions for shear wave velocities for either the UCL or FPM.

Conclusion
Gripping does not change UH JSW or medial elbow tissue stiffness in the joint testing configuration and external loading conditions applied in this study. This suggests that gripping may not be as protective during the high valgus stress observed in baseball pitching as believed, and that the influence of FPM activity may be joint position or load dependent.
Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry detection of Wolbachia in adult Dirofilaria immitis from dogs treated with doxycycline and ivermectin
Authors: Chu Yi , Sakamoto Kaori , Evans Christopher C. , Dzimianski Michael T. , Fricks Crystal , Mansour Abdelmoneim , DiCosty Utami , McCall Scott , McCall John W. , Nelson C. Thomas , Moorhead Andrew R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background

Wolbachia is present in all life stages of Dirofilaria immitis. Wolbachia surface protein (WSP) can be highly immunogenic and induce acute inflammatory reactions in the host upon worm death. To avoid the abrupt release of Wolbachia and its antigens from deceased parasites, the American Heartworm Society (AHS) has recommended using doxycycline (DOXY) and having a 1-month wait period between the DOXY treatment and the adulticidal process for Wolbachia elimination. Studies have shown that the 28 day, 10 mg/kg twice daily (BID) administration of DOXY can effectively clear Wolbachia in the bloodstream of the host. The 1-month wait period is hypothesized to allow for further reduction of Wolbachia. However, the levels of Wolbachia in adult parasites after the DOXY treatment remain unknown.

Methods
Forty-five purposely bred dogs were intravenously transplanted with 20 Dirofilaria immitis adults, consisting of 12 females and 8 males. The dogs were divided into nine groups of five dogs each. Two groups each received 5, 7.5, or 10 mg/kg DOXY BID orally for 28 days, and ivermectin (IVM) monthly (6 µg/kg.) Three groups remained untreated as controls. Study animals were necropsied on day 0, day 30, and day 60, following the start of treatment. Adult worms were collected at necropsy and preserved for analysis. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry for WSP were performed on worms collected at each time point. The data were analyzed using a linear mixed model (LMM). Multiple comparisons were adjusted using Tukey’s test.

Results
The qPCR results showed that all treatment doses significantly reduced Wolbachia levels compared with the control groups at 30 and 60 days. The intradose comparison indicated a significant decrease on day 60 compared with day 30. No significant differences were found between different doses on the two examination dates. Immunohistochemistry indicated the markedly reduced presence of Wolbachia in treatment groups.

Conclusions
All DOXY dosages can be considered effective in reducing Wolbachia on both tested dates (30 and 60 days). On the basis of the further reduction of Wolbachia levels in adult D. immitis, the 1-month rest period in the AHS heartworm treatment guidelines is beneficial. Wolbachia can still be detected on day 60 in all dosage groups.

Graphical Abstract
Tradable performance standards for a greener transportation sector: an economists’ appraisal of the German greenhouse gas mitigation quota
Authors: Liepold Constanze , Fabianek Paul , Madlener Reinhard 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation quota is a unique instrument in Europe that redistributes money from high emission to low emission fuel markets while forcing fuel distributors to reduce the average emissions of their fuels. This paper presents the design of the German 2022 GHG quota, places it in the context of environmental policy instruments, and examines its impact on the affected fuel markets in relation to other environmental policy instruments. We aim to provide insights that can be applied in industry and policymaking, and to provide a basis for further research, to highlight GHG quota trading as an alternative to allowance trading and carbon taxes. Field research was conducted in the form of expert interviews. Furthermore, intermediaries and brokers were contacted via email and asked for transaction data. In addition, a qualitative literature review was conducted and publications of responsible authorities as well as relevant legal texts were used to gather information.

Results
We find that the GHG quota trading overlaps with the structures behind emission standards and emission trading schemes and, therefore, falls under the category of tradable performance standards. However, it also contains aspects of a subsidy and interacts directly or indirectly with several different markets.

Conclusions
While the GHG quota trading system shows potential as an environmental policy tool, its effectiveness is hindered by market complexities and external disruptions. Addressing these challenges through targeted research and policy adjustments could enhance its impact and alignment with broader climate goals.