bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reactive power capacity allocation technology of shore‐based power supply system of offshore oil production platform under different network topology reliability measures
Authors: Song Wenle , Wang Lei , Hao Xiangyu , Wan Le , Li Chenyang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo improve the economy of offshore oil production platform shore‐based power transmission mode, the reactive power capacity allocation technology of offshore oil production platform shore‐based power supply system based on different network topology reliability measures was proposed. The optimization model of power supply system network topology and the structure model of voltage source converter high voltage direct current transmission system were established, the start and stop control scheme of flexible direct current (DC) transmission system was designed, and the operation parameters of converter station and DC line were monitored in real time. The topological structure of offshore oil production platform shore‐based power supply system is constructed, the mathematical model of flexible DC transmission system is established when the alternating current side voltage is balanced, the reactive power capacity configuration of offshore oil production platform shore‐based power supply system is optimized, and the life cycle cost results are calculated. The experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper can obtain the optimal solution only after 26 calculations, with high optimization efficiency and good convergence effect. Reactive capacity configuration of shore‐based power supply system for offshore production platform can reduce failure rate and life cycle cost.
DC to GHz measurements of a near-ideal 2D material: P+ monolayers
Authors: Levy Antonio , Namboodiri Pradeep , Pomeroy Joshua M. , Wang Xiqiao , Fox Joseph , Silver Richard M. , Zimmerman Neil M. 
Published: March 2024

P+ monolayers in Si are of great scientific and technological interest, both intrinsically as a material in the “ideal vacuum” of crystalline Si and because they are showing great promise as qubits of electron and nuclear spin. The GHz complex conductivity σ(ω) can allow one to elucidate basic physical properties and is also important for fast devices, but measuring σ(ω) in 2D materials has not been easy. We report on such measurements, including showing (i) qualitatively a lack of any resonances up to 5 GHz (indicating no energy splittings below about 0.02 meV); and (ii) the quantitatively ideal Drude behavior of this novel material up to 5 GHz, showing a lower bound on the scattering rate of about 2 × 1010 s−1. We also discuss deconvolving the confounding effect of the distributed resistance and capacitance of the monolayer.
Deep learning-enabled probing of irradiation-induced defects in time-series micrographs
Authors: Burns Kory , Tadj Kayvon , Allaparti Tarun , Arias Liliana , Li Nan , Aitkaliyeva Assel , Misra Amit , Scott Mary C. , Hattar Khalid 
Published: March 2024

Modeling time-series data with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) requires building a model to learn in batches as opposed to training sequentially. Coupling CNNs with in situ or operando techniques opens the possibility of accurately segmenting dynamic reactions and mass transport phenomena to understand how materials behave under the conditions in which they are used. In this article, in situ ion irradiation transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images are used as inputs into the CNN to assess the defect generation rate, defect cluster density, and saturation of defects. We then use the output segmentation maps to correlate with conventional TEM micrographs to assess the model’s ability to detail nanoscale interactions. Next, we discuss the implications of preprocessing and hyperparameters on model variability, accuracy when expanded to other datasets, and the role of regularization when controlling model variance. Ultimately, we eliminate human bias when extrapolating physical metrics, speed up analysis time, decouple reactions that happen at 100 ms intervals, and deploy models that are both accurate and transferable to similar experiments.
Post-annealing in ultra-high vacuum or nitrogen plasma for MoS2 thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering
Authors: Chao Chih , Tsai Ping-Yu , Wu Po-Hung , Hong Ray-Yu , Yu Ing-Song 
Published: March 2024

The thin films of amorphous molybdenum disulfide were deposited at room temperature by magnetron sputtering technique. Post-annealing process in ultra-high vacuum (∼10−8 Pa) or nitrogen plasma environments at the temperatures of 300, 400, 500, and 700 °C have been first proposed to enhance the microstructure and optical properties of MoS2 thin films. The phase transformation of MoS2 thin films from amorphous to polycrystalline was characterized by in situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction during the post-annealing process. The microstructure of MoS2 thin films was also analyzed by Raman spectrum and X-ray diffractometer after the post-annealing process. In addition, the thermal analysis of the differential scanning calorimeter and optical measurement of photoreflectance confirmed the phase transformation of MoS2 thin films. The analysis of photoreflectance also estimated the exciton transition at the bandgap energy of 2.038 eV at 0 K, attributed by the crystalline MoS2 film annealed at 700 °C in ultra-high vacuum. The surface chemical composition of MoS2 thin films has been identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, but the desulfurization of MoS2 was observed after post-annealing in ultra-high vacuum. Moreover, the preferred orientation of (004) plane in the MoS2 films was performed as the increase in post-annealing temperature.
Indigenous Language Ecologies framework
Authors: Angelo Denise 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLinguistic research with Indigenous communities over several decades has shown that Indigenous contact languages have a large presence in the contemporary Indigenous landscapes of Australia, but this is not reflected in an equitable presence in policy or programs. Policy has not taken up or responded to the available language research and recommendations, nor is policy reliably informed by solid government language data. As a response to such issues, the Indigenous Language Ecologies framework has been developed. It is designed as a tool to assist policy makers to see and include the needs of contact language-speaking communities. The simple framework differentiates the main configurations of multilingualism in Indigenous communities in Australia today, comparing and contrasting the typical repertoires of speakers of contact languages, of Englishes and of traditional languages. It is intended to function as a useful heuristic and, as such, represents an example of translational research where specialist linguistic knowledge has been distilled for a non-specialist policy audience. The paper lays out the rationale for, and design of, this language ecologies approach, and its impact on policy and research to date.
Gendered subtle bias in Danish TV election debates
Authors: Nielsen Mie Femø 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Trust in society is related to a perception of fairness and lack of bias. But bias has many faces. This article
presents a conversation analytic study of the initial introduction of the debaters in so-called ‘presidential’ TV debates during
the final stages of the general election campaigns in Denmark. The data represents a rare possibility to compare almost identical
debate contexts: two different elections, but same TV channel, host, presidential debate setup and campaign contexts. The analyses
show how male party leaders were given a chance to construct themselves as experienced, engaged, and hardworking politicians,
while a female party leader was merely positioned with regard to her gender and age and as an underdog meeting a strong opponent.
This allows us to explore how bias is not just about what is actually said and done but also about what could (based on the
comparison) have been said and done.
Low-power infrared laser on survival, proliferation, and reactive oxygen species levels in Escherichia coli cultures
Authors: da Cunha Sales Marisa , de Pontes dos Santos Giovanna , da Silva Ferreira Ana Caroline , Mencalha Andre Luiz , de Souza da Fonseca Adenilson 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Laser devices are light sources that emit monochromatic, coherent, and collimated electromagnetic radiation beams. Low-power lasers are widely used to treat clinical conditions based on the photobiomodulation effect. Despite therapeutic applications, mainly in continuous waves, limited data are available on photobiomodulation effects induced by low-power lasers in the pulsed emission mode. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a low-power pulsed infrared laser on survival, proliferation, DNA damage, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in Escherichia coli cells. E. coli C600 cultures and pUC19 plasmids were exposed to a low-power pulsed (5000 Hz) infrared (904 nm) laser (1.1, 2.3, and 4.6 J). Bacterial survival was evaluated by survival fractions, bacterial proliferation was evaluated by measurement of bacterial colony areas, DNA damage was evaluated by plasmid profiling in agarose gels after electrophoresis, and ROS level was evaluated by flow cytometry. The results suggest that exposure to a low-power infrared laser in pulsed emission mode does not alter the proliferation of E. coli C600 and the electrophoretic profile of bacterial plasmids but decreases survival and increases ROS levels in E. coli C600 cultures.
The size and composition of residual emissions in integrated assessment scenarios at net-zero CO2
Authors: Lamb William F 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Residual emissions are an important category of analysis in climate targets and scenarios, describing the emissions that would need to be compensated by carbon dioxide removal to reach net zero CO2. This article sheds light on the size and composition of residual emissions in integrated assessment modelling (IAM) scenarios at net-zero CO2, using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 6th assessment report (AR6) scenario database. I find that IAMs depict residual greenhouse gas emissions levels of 16 [12–26] GtCO2e/yr across below 1.5 °C, below 1.5 °C with overshoot, and below 2 °C scenarios—representing gross emissions reductions of 72 [55–78] % from 2020 to the point of net zero CO2. Emissions from livestock, agriculture, transport, waste and industrial processes remain most prevalent at net zero, with scenario averages tending to depict significantly lower reduction rates and higher residual emissions than those recently published in corporate net zero standards. Nonetheless, scenarios depict a wide range of outcomes across all of these ‘hard-to-abate’ sectors, with lower values characterised by demand-side shifts in the food and energy system, alongside the rapid electrification of end-use sectors and limits on CDR scaling. Current scenario reporting does not easily facilitate the calculation of gross emissions from the AR6 database, which would be a prerequisite to a more systematic exploration of the residual emissions frontier and its implications for climate policy.
A delay analogue of the box and ball system arising from the ultra-discretization of the delay discrete Lotka–Volterra equation
Authors: Nakata Kenta , Negishi Kanta , Matsuoka Hiroshi , Maruno Ken-ichi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A delay analogue of the box and ball system (BBS) is presented. This new soliton cellular automaton is constructed by the ultra-discretization of the delay discrete Lotka–Volterra equation, which is an integrable delay analogue of the discrete Lotka–Volterra equation. Soliton patterns generated by this delay BBS are classified into normal solitons and abnormal solitons. Normal solitons have a clear relationship to the solitons of the BBS with K kinds of balls. On the other hand, abnormal solitons show various types of novel soliton patterns, which have not been observed in almost all known BBSs. We obtain them by numerical experiments, and then construct τ-functions of them analytically in 1-soliton cases.
Comparison study between two different precursors of RGO/AuNPs one pot synthesis
Authors: Kasim Nurul Farhana Abu , Halim Norhana Abdul , Ong Keat Khim , Demon Siti Zulaikha Ngah 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
One pot synthesis of graphene nanocomposites is low-cost and time-efficient methodology to be considered for large scale device fabrication. Graphene precursors made of renewable and waste materials such as rice husk, oil palm kernel and sugar are explored upon rising concern of expensiveness and hazard in conventional approaches. This paper presents chemical characterisation study of one pot reduced graphene oxide/gold nanoparticles (RGO/AuNPs) synthesised from low-cost sucrose as precursor and dehydroascorbic acid as green reducing agent at ambient condition which was originally used by Hurtado et al in 2020. Raman spectrum of RGO/AuNPs was compared to composite of commercial GO precursor to evaluate quality of reduction products. Result from UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that both techniques successfully eliminated oxygen-containing functional groups to form graphene constitution. Asides from lower stability, AuNPs in sucrose-derived RGO possessed larger size and was more dispersed than those of GO-derived RGO, implying the need to optimise the current recipe. Reduction mechanism of both precursors was proposed for better understanding. The aim of this work is to show feasibility of green graphene nanocomposite synthesis that could empower productivity of electronic, optical and optoelectronics applications.
Improving STED microscopy with SUPPOSe: enhancing resolution from a single-image
Authors: Toscani Micaela , Lacapmesure Axel M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Here we apply the SUPPOSe algorithm on images acquired using Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy with the aim of improving the resolution limit achieved. We processed images of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) from cell lines in which the Nup96 nucleoporin was endogenously labeled. This reference protein forms a ring whose diameter is ∼107 nm with 8 corners ∼42 nm apart from each other. The stereotypic arrangement of proteins in the NPC has been used as reference structures to characterize the performance of a variety of microscopy techniques. STED microscopy images resolve the ring arrangement but not the eightfold symmetry of the NPC. After applying the SUPPOSe algorithm to the STED images, we were able to solve the octagonal structure of the NPC. After processing 562 single NPC, the average radius of the NPC was found to be R = 54.2 ± 2.9 nm, being consistent with the theoretical distances of this structure. To verify that the solutions obtained are compatible with a NPC-type geometry, we rotate the solutions to optimally fit an eightfold-symmetric pattern and we count the number of corners that contain at least one localization. Fitting a probabilistic model to the histogram of the number of bright corners gives an effective labeling efficiency of 31%, which is in agreement with the values reported in for other cell lines and ligands used in Single Molecule Localization microscopy, showing that SUPPOSe can reliably retrieve sub-resolution, nanoscale objects from single acquisitions even in noisy conditions.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of CrFeNi high-entropy alloy reinforced by Al and Ti elements
Authors: Zhao Panpan , Ma Lili , Yang Baiting , Zhou Jilan , Chen Ming 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Developing high entropy alloys (HEAs) that possess both superior mechanical properties and low cost is a classic challenge in the design of alloys used in engineering applications. In this work, a series of Co-free Al
x
Ti(9–x)(CrFeNi)91(x = 0, 3, 6, and 9 at%, denoted as AlxTi(9-x) hereafter) HEAs were designed to investigate the influence of Al and Ti elements on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the FCC-structured CrFeNi alloy and pursue a considerable strength-plasticity balance. Massive precipitates with a nano-scale but different morphology and/or structure formed in the inter-dendritic region of alloys. The morphology of precipitates was strongly linked with the variation in the relative content of Al and Ti elements, which varied from a granular shape (ordered BCC structure) in Al9 and Al6Ti3 alloys to a strip shape (HCP structure) in Al3Ti6 alloy. With an increase (decrease) in Ti (Al) content, the yield strength of alloy significantly improved, which benefited from the combined effect of solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening, but the elongation dropped sharply. Compared to the same amount of Al element, Ti element contributed to the improvement of strength but deteriorated the plasticity of alloy. Thereinto, Al6Ti3 alloy presented a relatively favorable strength-plasticity balance with a yield strength of 768 MPa and an elongation of 10.2%. Apparently, only the moderate amount of Al and Ti elements helps to the favorable configuration of strength and plasticity. The findings in this work provide a distinct insight into the design and optimization of Co-free HEAs as the structural applications.
“Foul Abolition Calumny”: Reframing Racial Violence in William Wells Brown’s Clotel & the Antebellum Press
Authors: Barton John Cyril 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Focusing on Brown’s Clotel (1853), this essay reconstructs the surprising print history of an infamous antebellum lynching that became a national sensation twice over: first, in 1842 when the Mississippi Free Trader published a graphic report legitimating white mob violence that went viral in the Northern press and, later, when Brown reframed that report in his 1853 novel. Brown’s remix was subsequently reported in the New-York Dialy Tribune, the nation’s leading daily, which attributed the report solely to the Mississippi paper. The Free Trader in turn lambasted the Tribune for its “foul abolition calumny,” not realizing that this sly critique of slavery and lynching originated with an African American author. Besides bringing to light a new source and context—an important discovery demonstrating that Clotel had a much greater presence in the antebellum US than previously assumed—I situate Brown within an earlier gallows tradition and a later practice of antilynching activism (à la Ida B. Wells) to argue that Clotel constitutes a critical inflection point: an early African American intervention in public discourses about criminalized Black people and white mob violence that played out before the Civil War—the standard starting point for scholarship on anti-Black lynching.
Marital Quality and Depressive Symptoms Among Older Hispanic Adults in the United States
Authors: Nazario-Acevedo Jaminette M , Yamashita Takashi , Bulanda Jennifer Roebuck , Brown J Scott 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Despite the cultural importance of marriage as a social support system and its well-established link to mental health, older Hispanic adult populations, which are the largest racial and ethnic minoritized groups, remain understudied. The current study examined how positive and negative dimensions of marital quality are associated with depressive symptoms.

Methods
Data from Hispanic adults aged 51 years and older (n = 1,012) were obtained from the 2016 and 2018 Health and Retirement Study waves. The Center for Epidemiological Studies—Depression scale (0–8 symptoms) was modeled as a function of positive and negative marital quality measures (1–4), as well as the relevant covariates.

Results
Results from a negative binomial regression model showed that a 1-unit change in positive and negative marital quality was associated with a 23.61% reduction and a 23.74% increase, respectively, in depressive symptoms. The interaction terms with marital quality and gender, as well as marital quality and religion, were not statistically significant.

Discussion
In the United States, a large percentage of older Hispanic adults are immigrants, and their extended family tends to reside in their countries of origin. As such, older Hispanic adults may have smaller social networks, and marital quality most likely represents a culturally important social support network in later life. Significant associations between depressive symptoms and marital quality among older Hispanic adults should receive more attention in family and public health policy discussions, particularly given the increasing diversity in U.S. society.
Characterization of O-methyltransferases in the biosynthesis of phenylphenalenone phytoalexins based on the telomere-to-telomere gapless genome of Musella lasiocarpa
Authors: Zhao Wanli , Wu Junzhi , Tian Mei , Xu Shu , Hu Shuaiya , Wei Zhiyan , Lin Guyin , Tang Liang , Wang Ruiyang , Feng Boya , Wang Bi , Lyu Hui , Paetz Christian , Feng Xu , Xue Jia-Yu , Li Pirui , Chen Yu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Phenylphenalenones (PhPNs), phytoalexins in wild bananas (Musaceae), are known to act against various pathogens. However, the abundance of PhPNs in many Musaceae plants of economic importance is low. Knowledge of the biosynthesis of PhPNs and the application of biosynthetic approaches to improve their yield is vital for fighting banana diseases. However, the processes of PhPN biosynthesis, especially those involved in methylation modification, remain unclear. Musella lasiocarpa is a herbaceous plant belonging to Musaceae, and due to the abundant PhPNs, their biosynthesis in M. lasiocarpa has been the subject of much attention. In this study, we assembled a telomere-to-telomere gapless genome of M. lasiocarpa as the reference, and further integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic data to mine the candidate genes involved in PhPN biosynthesis. To elucidate the diversity of PhPNs in M. lasiocarpa, three screened O-methyltransferases (Ml01G0494, Ml04G2958, and Ml08G0855) by phylogenetic and expressional clues were subjected to in vitro enzymatic assays. The results show that the three were all novel O-methyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of PhPN phytoalexins, among which Ml08G0855 was proved to function as a multifunctional enzyme targeting multiple hydroxyl groups in PhPN structure. Moreover, we tested the antifungal activity of PhPNs against Fusarium oxysporum and found that the methylated modification of PhPNs enhanced their antifungal activity. These findings provide valuable genetic resources in banana breeding and lay a foundation for improving disease resistance through molecular breeding.