bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resting‐state effective connectivity is systematically linked to reappraisal success of high‐ and low‐intensity negative emotions
Authors: Morawetz Carmen , Berboth Stella , Bode Stefan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEmotion regulation is a process by which individuals modulate their emotional responses to cope with different environmental demands, for example, by reappraising the emotional situation. Here, we tested whether effective connectivity of a reappraisal‐related neural network at rest is predictive of successfully regulating high‐ and low‐intensity negative emotions in an emotion‐regulation task. Task‐based and resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) data of 28 participants were collected using ultra‐high magnetic field strength at 7 Tesla during three scanning sessions. We used spectral dynamic causal modeling (spDCM) on the rs‐fMRI data within brain regions modulated by emotion intensity. We found common connectivity patterns for both high‐ and low‐intensity stimuli. Distinctive effective connectivity patterns in relation to low‐intensity stimuli were found from frontal regions connecting to temporal regions. Reappraisal success for high‐intensity stimuli was predicted by additional connections within the vlPFC and from temporal to frontal regions. Connectivity patterns at rest predicting reappraisal success were generally more pronounced for low‐intensity stimuli, suggesting a greater role of stereotyped patterns, potentially reflecting preparedness, when reappraisal was relatively easy to implement. The opposite was true for high‐intensity stimuli, which might require a more flexible recruitment of resources beyond what is reflected in resting state connectivity patterns. Resting‐state effective connectivity emerged as a robust predictor for successful reappraisal, revealing both shared and distinct network dynamics for high‐ and low‐intensity stimuli. These patterns signify specific preparatory states associated with heightened vigilance, attention, self‐awareness, and goal‐directed cognitive processing, particularly during reappraisal for mitigating the emotional impact of external stimuli. Our findings hold potential implications for understanding psychopathological alterations in brain connectivity related to affective disorders.
Characteristics and outcome of patients with malaria presented to a Hong Kong emergency department—A retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Yeung Chi Yeung , Yang Marc L. C. , Kwong Yan W. Y. , Rainer Timothy Hudson 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundMalaria remains a significant cause of illness for return travellers in Hong Kong. However, the lack of experience of local healthcare providers in tropical medicine and non‐specific presenting symptoms may lead to underdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis of the disease. We evaluate patients presenting with malaria to a local emergency department to understand the disease presentation and outcome.MethodsA retrospective review of all patients diagnosed with malaria presenting to the emergency department from January 2009 to December 2019 was conducted. Information about patient demographics, travel history, presenting vital signs and blood results, how the diagnosis is made, clinical features and outcomes were analysed. Subgroup analysis was also performed for comparison.ResultsAmong the 70 patients diagnosed with malaria, most of them were imported cases (98.6%). Most were infected with Plasmodium Falciparum (50%) and Plasmodium vivax (45.7%). The common presenting symptoms included fever (100%), nausea or vomiting (42.9%) and headache (38.6%). 43 out of 70 cases had a diagnosis made in the emergency department, either by malarial blood smear (34.3%) or incidental haematological findings (27.1%). Most cases could be discharged uneventfully (90%), with six cases requiring Intensive Care Unit admission during the stay (8.6%). Patients with diagnoses not made in AED had a significantly lower mean arterial pressure (p = 0.009) and haemoglobin level (p = 0.004). Significantly lower platelet count (p = 0.002) and higher bilirubin level (p = 0.041) were found in patients who required ICU admission. For those who had AED reattendance before diagnosis was made, their creatinine levels were significantly higher (p = 0.022) and had a longer length of stay (p = 0.021).ConclusionsThe clinical presentation of imported malaria cases is non‐specific, and high suspicion of malaria should be raised when diagnosing febrile patients with a travel history. The history of taking malarial chemoprophylaxis is essential and should have been included in most cases. Malarial‐specific treatments were rarely given in the emergency department despite diagnosis.
Use of in vitro ADME methods to identify suitable analogs of homosalate and octisalate for use in a read‐across safety assessment
Authors: Grégoire Sébastien , Moustié Anne , Lereaux Guillaume , Roussel‐Berlier Laurène , Hewitt Nicky 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCase studies are needed to demonstrate the use of human‐relevant New Approach Methodologies in cosmetics ingredient safety assessments. For read‐across assessments, it is crucial to compare the target chemical with the most appropriate analog; therefore, reliable analog selection should consider physicochemical properties, bioavailability, metabolism, as well as the bioactivity of potential analogs. To complement in vitro bioactivity assays, we evaluated the suitability of three potential analogs for the UV filters, homosalate and octisalate, according to their in vitro ADME properties. We describe how technical aspects of conducting assays for these highly lipophilic chemicals were addressed and interpreted. There were several properties that were common to all five chemicals: they all had similar stability in gastrointestinal fluids (in which no hydrolysis to salicylic occurred); were not substrates of the P‐glycoprotein efflux transporter; were highly protein bound; and were hydrolyzed to salicylic acid (which was also a major metabolite). The main properties differentiating the chemicals were their permeability in Caco‐2 cells, plasma stability, clearance in hepatic models, and the extent of hydrolysis to salicylic acid. Cyclohexyl salicylate, octisalate, and homosalate were identified suitable analogs for each other, whereas butyloctyl salicylate exhibited ADME properties that were markedly different, indicating it is unsuitable. Isoamyl salicylate can be a suitable analog with interpretation for octisalate. In conclusion, in vitro ADME properties of five chemicals were measured and used to pair target and potential analogs. This study demonstrates the importance of robust ADME data for the selection of analogs in a read‐across safety assessment.
Identification and validation of extracellular vesicle reference genes for the normalization of RT‐qPCR data
Authors: Pinheiro Cláudio , Guilbert Niké , Lippens Lien , Roux Quentin , Boiy Robin , Fischer Suzanne , Van Dorpe Sofie , De Craene Bram , Berx Geert , Boterberg Tom , Sys Gwen , Denys Hannelore , Miinalainen Ilkka , Mestdagh Pieter , Vandesompele Jo , De Wever Olivier , Hendrix An 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) contain a plethora of biomolecules, including nucleic acids, with diverse diagnostic and therapeutic application potential. Although reverse transcription‐quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR) is the most widely applied laboratory technique to evaluate gene expression, its applicability in EV research is challenged by the lack of universal and stably present reference genes (RGs). In this study, we identify, validate and establish SNRPG, OST4, TOMM7 and NOP10 as RGs for the normalization of EV‐associated genes by RT‐qPCR. We show the stable presence of SNRPG, OST4, TOMM7 and NOP10 in multiple cell lines and their secreted EVs (n = 12) under different (patho)physiological conditions as well as in human‐derived biofluids (n = 3). Enzymatic treatments confirm the presence of SNRPG, OST4, TOMM7 and NOP10 inside EVs. In addition, the four EV‐associated RGs are stably detected in a size‐range of EV subpopulations. RefFinder analysis reveals that SNRPG, OST4, TOMM7 and NOP10 are more stable compared to RGs established specifically for cultured cells or tissues such as HMBS, YWHAZ, SDHA and GAPDH. In summary, we present four universal and stably present EV‐associated RGs to enable normalization and thus steer the implementation of RT‐qPCR for the analysis of EV‐associated RNA cargo for research or clinical applications.
Machine Learning Approaches to Identify Affected Brain Regions in Movement Disorders Using MRI Data: A Systematic Review and Diagnostic Meta‐analysis
Authors: Ghaderi Sadegh , Mohammadi Mahdi , Sayehmiri Fatemeh , Mohammadi Sana , Tavasol Arian , Rezaei Masoud , Ghalyanchi‐Langeroudi Azadeh 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundMovement disorders such as Parkinson's disease are associated with structural and functional changes in specific brain regions. Advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques combined with machine learning (ML) are promising tools for identifying imaging biomarkers and patterns associated with these disorders.Purpose/HypothesisWe aimed to systematically identify the brain regions most commonly affected in movement disorders using ML approaches applied to structural and functional MRI data. We searched the PubMed and Scopus databases using relevant keywords up to June 2023 for studies that used ML approaches to detect brain regions associated with movement disorders using MRI data.Study TypeA systematic review and diagnostic meta‐analysis.Population/SubjectsSixty‐seven studies with 6,285 patients were included.Field Strength/SequenceStudies utilizing 1.5T or 3T MR scanners and the acquisition of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), structural MRI (sMRI), functional MRI (fMRI), or a combination of these were included.AssessmentThe authors independently assessed the study quality using the CLAIM and QUADAS‐2 criteria and extracted data on diagnostic accuracy measures.Statistical TestsSensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the curve were pooled using random‐effects models. Q statistics and the I2 index were used to evaluate heterogeneity, and Begg's funnel plot was used to identify publication bias.ResultssMRI showed the highest sensitivity (93%) and mixed modalities had the highest specificity (90%) for detecting regional abnormalities. sMRI had a 94% sensitivity for identifying subcortical changes. The support vector machine (93%) and logistic regression (91%) models exhibited high diagnostic accuracies.Data ConclusionThe combination of advanced MR neuroimaging techniques and ML is a promising approach for identifying brain biomarkers and affected regions in movement disorders with subcortical structures frequently implicated. Structural MRI, in particular, showed strong performance.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 2
Risk of Pseudomonas aeruginosa antimicrobial resistance using time series analysis of antibiotic usage
Authors: Papacostas Geordan , Grant Gary D. , Hall Susan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAntimicrobial resistance is emerging as one of the most potentially disastrous threats of the 21st century. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a leading resistant pathogen and is clinically significant due to its limited available treatment using antibiotics. Rising resistance of P. aeruginosa is of increasing concern and it is currently listed as one of the top three critically resistant pathogens by the World Health Organization. It is currently known that resistance in P. aeruginosa is significantly linked with the consumption of all antibiotics, making usage surveillance of particular concern.AimThe aim of the current study was to model current and future antibiotic usage using available prescription data for antipseudomonal antibiotics.MethodA time‐series analysis was performed on Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme/Repatriation Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme data from January 2000–June 2020 using Facebook Prophet time‐series methods in Python 3.9.14 to analyse and forecast trends to 2025. Ethical approval was not required for this research article as it used publicly available data and did not involve human subjects.ResultsThe usage of antipseudomonal antibiotics decreased by 14.3% from 2014 to 2020 (95% confidence interval [CI] −30.4% to 2.3%) and is projected to further decrease by 11.7% by 2025 (95% CI −30.6% to 7.3%).ConclusionThe current study showed a decline in the use of certain antipseudomonal antibiotics in Australia since 2015 and projects that their use will continue to decline. This is likely due to an increased judicious use of these antibiotics.
Development and Characterization of Poly(butylene succinate‐co‐adipate)/Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) with Cowpea Lignocellulosic Fibers as a Filler via Injection Molding and Extrusion Film‐Casting
Authors: Masanabo Mondli Abednicko , Tribot Amélie , Luoma Enni , Virkajärvi Jussi , Sharmin Nusrat , Sivertsvik Morten , Ray Suprakas Sinha , Keränen Janne , Emmambux M. Naushad 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBiodegradable poly(butylene succinate‐co‐adipate)/Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydoxyvalerate) (PBSA/PHBV) filled with lignocellulosic sidestream/fibers from cowpea, a neglected and underutilized African crop are produced by injection molding and extrusion film casting. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) suggests that the fibers have more affinity and interfacial interaction with PBSA than PHBV. This is shown by a decrease in dampening of PBSA and an increase in dampening of PHBV with fiber addition. In addition, fiber addition results in more homogeneous crystal morphology of PBSA, while resulting in more heterogeneous crystal morphology of PHBV. The tensile strength of injection molded bio‐composites increases with fiber addition due to good interfacial adhesion between the matrix and fibers revealed by scanning electron microscope. In contrast, the tensile strength of bio‐composite films decreases with fiber addition due to the high‐volume fraction of pores in bio‐composite films that act as stress raisers. The stiffness of both injection molded, and bio‐composite films increase with fiber addition, as revealed by an increase in Young's modulus and storage modulus, while the tensile strain decreases. In conclusion, low‐value cowpea sidestream can be used as a filler to produce injection molded bio‐composites and bio‐composite films for potential application as rigid and flexible packaging.
Phosphoserine aminotransferase deficiency diagnosed by whole‐exome sequencing and LC–MS/MS reanalysis: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Li Jiaci , Wei Xinping , Sun Yuchen , Chen Xiaofang , Zhang Ying , Cui Xiaoyu , Shu Jianbo , Li Dong , Cai Chunquan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundPhosphoserine aminotransferase deficiency (PSATD) is an autosomal recessive disorder associated with hypertonia, psychomotor retardation, and acquired microcephaly. Patients with PSATD have low concentrations of serine in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid.MethodsWe reported a 2‐year‐old female child with developmental delay, dyskinesia, and microcephaly. LC–MS/MS was used to detect amino acid concentration in the blood and whole‐exome sequencing (WES) was used to identify the variants. PolyPhen‐2 web server and PyMol were used to predict the pathogenicity and changes in the 3D model molecular structure of protein caused by variants.ResultsWES demonstrated compound heterozygous variants in PSAT1, which is associated with PSATD, with a paternal likely pathogenic variant (c.235G>A, Gly79Arg) and a maternal likely pathogenic variant (c.43G>C, Ala15Pro). Reduced serine concentration in LC–MS/MS further confirmed the diagnosis of PSATD in this patient.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate the importance of WES combined with LC–MS/MS reanalysis in the diagnosis of genetic diseases and expand the PSAT1 variant spectrum in PSATD. Moreover, we summarize all the cases caused by PSAT1 variants in the literature. This case provides a vital reference for the diagnosis of future cases.
A novel variant in ASNS gene responsible for syndromic intellectual disability and microcephaly: Case report and literature review
Authors: Jahanpanah Mohammad , Mokhtari Diana , Mokaber Haleh , Arish Sara , Ahmadabadi Farzad , Davarnia Behzad 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe ASNS (ASNS, MIM 108370) gene variations are responsible for asparagine synthetase deficiency (ASNSD, MIM 615574), a very rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by cerebral anomalies. These patients have congenital microcephaly, progressive encephalopathy, severe intellectual disability, and intractable seizures.MethodClinical characteristics of the patient were collected. Exome sequencing was used for the identification of variants. Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the variant in the target region. The structure of the protein was checked using the DynaMut2 web server.ResultsThe proband is an 11‐year‐old Iranian‐Azeri girl with primary microcephaly and severe intellectual disability in a family with a consanguineous marriage. Symptoms emerged around the 10–20th days of life, when refractory epileptic gaze and unilateral tonic–clonic seizures initiated without any provoking factor such as fever. A brain MRI revealed no abnormalities except for brain atrophy. The karyotype was normal. Using exome sequencing, we identified a novel homozygous variant of thymine to adenine (NM_001673.5:c.538T>A) in the ASNS gene. Both parents had a heterozygous variant in this location. Subsequently, Sanger sequencing confirmed this variant. We also reviewed the clinical manifestations and MRI findings of the previously reported patients.ConclusionIn the present study, a novel homozygous variant was recognized in the ASNS gene in an Iranian‐Azeri girl manifesting typical ASNSD symptoms, particularly intellectual disability and microcephaly. This study expands the mutation spectrum of ASNSD and reviews previously reported patients.
Charitable versus commercial crowdfunding: Which is more successful on StartLab?
Authors: Svidroňová Mária Murray , Kaščáková Alena , Muthová Nikoleta Jakuš 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCrowdfunding is currently one of the funding options for charitable non‐profit projects created by non‐governmental organizations (NGOs). This paper aims to analyse the charity projects created by NGOs and individuals on crowdfunding platforms and then compare them with commercial crowdfunding, emphasizing the success factors of charity campaigns. The data is from the crowdfunding portal StartLab from 2015 to 2022. The main methods are comparison, descriptive and correlation analysis concerning project categories and seasonality. From the investigation results, it can be concluded that charity projects are more successful in conducting crowdfunding campaigns than commercial projects. For practitioners, it might be of interest that the length of the campaign and seasonality significantly influence the project's success. In the case of Slovakia, it is recommended to set a shorter campaign and run it from October to December.
A systematic literature review of TALIS secondary research: Trends and future directions
Authors: Veletić Jelena , Mejía‐Rodríguez Ana María , Olsen Rolf Vegar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) collects data from representative samples of teachers and principals across the world about their practices and work conditions, school and classroom contexts, and attitudes, motivation, and satisfaction with their profession and jobs. Given the growth of participating countries, the number of constructs assessed, and the volume of publications based on secondary analyses of the freely available data, it is reasonable to claim that TALIS represents one of the major data sources in the field of international educational research. This study provides a systematic literature review of secondary analyses of TALIS data, summarising the past 15 years of TALIS research. The review includes a synthesis of 238 peer‐reviewed journal articles, providing bibliographical information about articles as well as the scope and impact of analysis of TALIS data across time, countries, and populations. Moreover, the article summarises information about the most prevalent research themes that have been investigated. The findings highlight the importance of TALIS data in the broader educational research scope, emphasising themes such as teacher characteristics, and teacher professional practices. Lastly, the review provides insights into methodological approaches to study and analyse TALIS data and calls for more caution in analysing complex survey data with respect to how clustering and multigroup design are handled.
Robust Superhydrophobic Composite Fabric with Self‐Healing and Chemical Durability
Authors: Tao Jing , Liu Yuanfa , Li Minghan , Li Zheng , Zhang Yihang , Song Xuecui , Yang Qiang , Guan Fucheng , Guo Jing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSuperhydrophobic fabrics with multiple functions have become a research hotspot. However, it is challenging to make self‐healing mechanically robust and eco‐friendly superhydrophobic fabrics, which are limited by complex fabrication processes and excessive use of environmentally unfriendly solvents during fabrication. Herein, inspired by the secretion of a waxy substance from the surface of lotus leaves to restore water repellency, self‐healing superhydrophobic composite fabrics (as‐synthesized PA66/6‐PET@Tico) are obtained by constructing a papillary TiO2 and tentacle‐like fluorinated acrylate polymer (FCB015) coating on polyester‐nylon composite fabrics using two‐step hydrothermal method. The result indicates that PA66/6‐PET@Tico with hierarchical micro/nanostructure exhibits excellent superhydrophobic and self‐healing properties. Compared with FCB015 coated fabric, the contact angles (CA) of water and soybean oil rise to 172.2° and 166.8° from 137.4° and 98.8°, respectively. After mechanical abrasion, PA66/6‐PET@Tico recovers a water contact angle (WCA) of 165.6° at room temperature. The WCA remains higher than 155° after 18 h of chemical corrosion. Furthermore, the bacterial inhibition rates of PA66/6‐PET@Tico for Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli are 99.90 and 98.38%, respectively. In this work, a new idea is proposed for designing a simple and effective self‐healing superhydrophobic coating, expecting to promote the large‐scale industrial production and application of functional surfaces.