bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histopathological changes of rat brain after direct injection of Hb‐vesicles (artificial oxygen carriers) and neurological impact in an intracerebral hemorrhage model
Authors: Sakai Hiromi , Okamoto Michiko , Ikeda Eiji , Horinouchi Hirohisa , Kobayashi Koichi , Tsuchida Eishun 
Published: July 2008

AbstractFor use as artificial oxygen carriers during transfusion, the safety and efficacy of Hb‐vesicles (HbV, 250 nm), have been investigated extensively. Nevertheless, their neurotoxicity remains unknown. We explored potential adverse effects of HbV in the brain using a rat intracerebral hemorrhage model. Male Wistar rats were anesthetized with sevoflurane and fixed on a stereotaxic frame. Then HbV or homologous RBC suspension ([Hb] = 8.6 g/dL, 20 μL) was injected into the right caudate nucleus. All animals survived, gained weight, and maintained their well‐being until the time of sacrifice; except during the first few days after surgery. However, both groups showed slight weakness in hind leg retraction, occasional ataxia/gait, and piloerection. Neutrophils accumulated at the onset of injury in perihematomal tissues in both groups at 1st day, but had disappeared by 3 days. Infiltration of small HbV in the perihematomal tissue was prominent at 1st day; phagocytized HbV were detected in macrophages. Hemeoxygenase‐1 and hemosiderin deposition appeared after 3 days, reflecting the degradation of both HbV and RBC. The HbVs were detectable even after 28 days in the HbV group, but no residual RBCs were detected in the RBC group. Both groups showed proliferation of astrocytes, named gliosis, for tissue reconstruction after 3 days. This study revealed no notable differences in adverse effects between the intra‐cerebral injection of HbV and the RBC control on behavioral functions and brain tissue responses. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Effects of fiber orientation and diameter on the behavior of human dermal fibroblasts on electrospun PMMA scaffolds
Authors: Liu Ying , Ji Yuan , Ghosh Kaustabh , Clark Richard A. F. , Huang Lei , Rafailovich Miriam H. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractWe used the electrospinning technique to produce fibrous scaffolds of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Using a rotating drum, we aligned the fibers and formed multilayered structures where both the fiber spacing and pore size could be varied. We then plated adult human dermal fibroblasts and studied the effect of fiber diameter and orientation on the cell conformation, integrin receptor expression, proliferation, and migration. We found that a critical diameter minimum diameter existed, D0 = 0.97 μm for cell orientation to occur. For D < D0, no big difference in aspect ratio was observed relative to the control samples on PMMA thin film. Hence, we could fabricate substrate patterned with fibers of different diameters where different cell conformations coexisted on the same scaffold. On the other hand, staining for vinculin proteins in the cells indicated that on large diameter fibers and on flat surfaces, the integrin receptors followed the cell perimeter. On the very small diameter surfaces, the receptors were distributed uniformly along the cell. Cell dynamics studies indicated that the proliferation and migration were also affected by the fiber orientation. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Formation of salivary acinar cell spheroids in vitro above a polyvinyl alcohol‐coated surface
Authors: Chen Min‐Huey , Chen Yi‐Jane , Liao Chih‐Chen , Chan Yen‐Hui , Lin Chia‐Yung , Chen Rung‐Shu , Young Tai‐Hong 
Published: July 2008

AbstractTissue engineering of salivary glands offers the potential for future use in the treatment of patients with salivary hypofunction. Biocompatible materials that promote acinar cell aggregation and function in vitro are an essential part of salivary gland tissue engineering. In this study, rat parotid acinar cells assembled into three‐dimensional aggregates above the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)‐coated surface. These aggregates developed compact acinar cell spheroids resembling in vivo physiological condition, which were different from the traditional monolayered morphology in vitro. Cells remained viable and with better functional activity in response to acetylcholine in the spheroids and could form monolayered acinar cells when they were reinoculated on tissue culture polystyrene wells. To interpret the phenomenon further, we proposed that the formation of acinar cell spheroids on the PVA is mediated by a balance between two competing forces: the interactions of cell‐PVA and cell‐cell. This study demonstrated the formation of functional cell spheroids above a PVA‐coated surface may provide an in vitro system for investigating cell behaviors for tissue engineering of artificial salivary gland. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
A novel synthetic route for the preparation of hydrolytically degradable synthetic hydrogels
Authors: Cho Eunhee , Kutty Jaishankar K. , Datar Kedar , Soo Lee Jeoung , Vyavahare Naren R. , Webb Ken 
Published: July 2008

AbstractA variety of approaches have been described for the modification of synthetic, water soluble polymers with hydrolytically degradable bonds and terminal vinyl groups that can be crosslinked in situ by photo‐ or redox‐initiated free radical polymerization. However, changes in macromer concentration, functionality, and molecular weight commonly used to achieve variable degradation rates simultaneously alter hydrogel mechanical properties. Herein, we describe a novel, two‐step synthetic route for the preparation of hydrolytically degradable, crosslinkable PEG‐based macromers based on chemical intermediaries that form ester linkages with variable alkyl chain length. Changes in the concentration of a single macromer were shown to provide effective variation of degradation, but with corresponding significant changes in tensile properties. Through variation in the alkyl chain length of the chemical intermediary, variable degradation times ranging from weeks to months are achieved, without significantly affecting initial gelation efficiency, swelling, or tensile properties. When modified with adhesive ligands, hydrogels supported viability of encapsulated and adherent cells. Controlled release of a model protein (Immunoglobulin G) was attained as a function of hydrogel degradation rate. Independent control of hydrogel degradation and mechanical properties will offer improved flexibility for studying the effect of these material characteristics on cellular function and may be useful in the design of matrices for tissue engineering and controlled release of bioactive molecules. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
A reappraisal of the biological effects of hyaluronan on human dermal fibroblast
Authors: Huang Lin , Gu Hua , Burd Andrew 
Published: July 2008

AbstractHyaluronan (HA) is a fundamental component of many biomaterials. Reports on the biological effects of HA are, however, both inconsistent and contradictory. This particularly refers to fibroblast contraction in the presence of high concentrations of HA. In this study we used a broad range of molecular weight (MW) and concentrations of HA to assay its influence on human dermal fibroblasts in both two and three‐dimensional culture models. High‐MW HA in high concentrations demonstrated inhibitory effects on both cell attachment and proliferation. HA‐coated surfaces appeared less adhesive to fibroblasts than collagen‐coated surfaces. In the fibroblast‐populated collagen lattice, HA supplementation dose‐dependently retarded gel contraction, which was associated with reduced cell division and spreading. Although gene transcripts of collagen type I and III were not significantly upregulated in the monolayer culture as determined by real‐time PCR analysis, more type III collagen was present in HA‐incorporated collagen gels by Sirius red staining. Type III collagen was homogeneously distributed and well organized in the presence of HA. Our data indicates that HA has both a qualitative and quantitative effect on cell–matrix interactions. Optimum parameters in terms of MW and concentration need to be determined when HA‐based biomaterials are being prepared for tissue‐repair purposes. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
In vivo evaluation of injectable thermosensitive polymer with time‐dependent LCST
Authors: Henderson Eric , Lee Bae Hoon , Cui Zhanwu , McLemore Ryan , Brandon Tedd A. , Vernon Brent L. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe focus of this study was to examine the biocompatibility, time‐dependent LCST, and bioerodable properties of a copolymer system composed of NIPAAm, dimethyl‐γ‐butyrolactone (DMBL), and acrylic acid (AAc). Sprague Dawley rats were subcutaneously injected with 25 wt % solutions of poly(NIPAAm‐co‐DMBL‐co‐AAc). At predetermined times, animals were sacrificed and polymer implants were recovered for characterization via 1H‐NMR. In addition, polymer‐contacting tissue sections were harvested and processed for histology. The biocompatibility of the implants was assessed by counting the number of fibroblasts and leukocytes present at the tissue‐implant interface. The LCST data obtained from the in vivo implants was shown to agree with that of in vitro findings. Implant mass was shown to decrease after 4 days, indicating accelerated diffusion rates with increased implant swelling, hydrolytic degradation was confirmed with 1H‐NMR measurements. The cellular presence at the copolymer implant‐tissue interface was shown to return to that of normal tissue 30 days postimplantation, which suggests a normal wound healing response. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Characterization, biodegradability and blood compatibility of poly[(R)‐3‐hydroxybutyrate] based poly(ester‐urethane)s
Authors: Liu Qiaoyan , Cheng Shaoting , Li Zibiao , Xu Kaitian , Chen Guo‐Qiang 
Published: July 2008

AbstractPoly(ester‐urethane)s (PUs) were synthesized using hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) or toluene diisocyanate (TDI) to join short chains (Mn = 2000) of poly(R‐3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) diols and poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) diols with different feed ratios under different reaction conditions. The multiblock copolymers were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). XRD spectra and second DSC heat thermograms of the multiblock copolymers revealed that the crystallization of both PHB and PCL segments was mutually restricted, and, especially, the PCL segment limited the cold crystallization of the PHB segment. The SEM of platelet adhesion experiments showed that the hemocompatibility was affected to some extent by the chain flexibility of the polymers. Hydrolysis studies demonstrated that the hydrolytic degradation of PUs was generated from the scission of their ester bonds or/and urethane bonds. Simultaneously, the rate of ester bond scission was determined to some extent by the crystallization degree, which was further affected by the configuration of polymer chains. These highly elastic multiblock copolymers combining hemocompatibility and biodegradability may be developed into blood contact implant materials for biomedical applications. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Effect of initiator on photopolymerization of acidic, aqueous dental model adhesives
Authors: Guo Xinglin , Peng Zhonghua , Spencer Paulette , Wang Yong 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThis study evaluated different initiator systems in self‐etching model adhesives, in which camphorquinone (CQ) or [3‐(3,4‐dimethyl‐9‐oxo‐9H‐thioxanthen‐2‐yloxy)‐2‐hydroxylpropy] trimethylammonium chloride (QTX) was employed as a photoinitiator (dye). N‐phenylglycine (NPG), ethyl 4‐dimethylaminobenzoate (4E) or 2‐(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) was used as the coinitiator (CI). The role of diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate (DPIHP) in the polymerization process was also studied. The concentrations of dye, CI, and DPIHP in model adhesives were all maintained at 0.022 mmol per gram monomer. The model adhesive contained two monomers: (bis[2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate) (2MP) and 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) whose mass ratio was 1:1, thus representing an acidic and hydrophilic formulation. The polymerization rate and the degree of conversion (DC) of the model adhesives with 5, 15, or 25% water content were determined using FTIR/ATR with a time‐based spectrum analysis. The results indicated that with CQ as the photoinitiator, 4E appeared to be the most efficient CI, whereas the CQ‐DMAEMA combination led to very low radical generation efficiency (DC < 5%). DPIHP exhibited little effect on the polymerization process. With QTX as the photoinitiator, however, DPIHP played an essential role. Without DPIHP, all three QTX‐CI systems failed to initiate polymerization (DC < 5%). The QTX‐DPIHP combination, on the other hand, was found to be a viable initiator system. The above results provide the critical information for the development of self‐etching adhesive systems. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
In vitro effects of nanophase hydroxyapatite particles on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Liu YuKan , Wang GuangChuan , Cai YuRong , Ji HuiJiao , Zhou GuoShun , Zhao XiaoLi , Tang RuiKang , Zhang Ming 
Published: July 2008

AbstractCoculturing scaffolds with seeded cells in vitro is an indispensable process for construction of engineered tissues. It is essential to understand effects of the constituent particles of scaffold on seeded cells. In this study, we investigated the influence of nano‐sized hydroxyapatite (nHAP) particles on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). nHAP particles were cocultured with MSCs separated from rabbit. Cellular effects of particles were determined by cell counts, Vonkossa stains, and reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) examinations. Results showed that nHAP particles could promote the MSCs growth when particle concentrations were lower than 20 μg/104 cells. This effect disappeared when the particles and the cells were cocultured in serum‐free media. Higher particle concentrations could significantly inhibit the cell growth. Under the standard culture condition, the only effect of nHAP particles on osteogenic differentiation of MSCs was to enhance the expression of collagen I. Under the osteogenic‐inductive culture condition, nHAP particles could inhibit mineralization of cells but promote their osteogenic differentiation. These cellular effects of particles still existed when the particles and the cells were cultured in indirect coculture system. nHAP particles could decrease calcium and phosphate concentrations of culture media, which possibly contributed to the cellular effects of nHAP particles. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Established and emerging atmospheric pressure surface sampling/ionization techniques for mass spectrometry
Authors: Van Berkel Gary J. , Pasilis Sofie P. , Ovchinnikova Olga 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe number and type of atmospheric pressure techniques suitable for sampling analytes from surfaces, forming ions from these analytes, and subsequently transporting these ions into vacuum for interrogation by MS have rapidly expanded over the last several years. Moreover, the literature in this area is complicated by an explosion in acronyms for these techniques, many of which provide no information relating to the chemical or physical processes involved. In this tutorial article, we sort this vast array of techniques into relatively few categories on the basis of the approaches used for surface sampling and ionization. For each technique, we explain, as best known, many of the underlying principles of operation, describe representative applications, and in some cases, discuss needed research or advancements and attempt to forecast their future analytical utility. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Morpho‐sedimentary records at the Brahmaputra River exit, NE Himalaya: climate–tectonic interplay during the Late Pleistocene–Holocene
Authors: Srivastava Pradeep , Bhakuni Surendra S. , Luirei Khayingshing , Misra Dileep K. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractMorphological and sedimentary records at the exit of Brahmaputra River at Pasighat in the NE Himalaya inform about the climate–tectonic interplay during the past ca. 15 ka. The geomorphology of the area comprises (1) fan terrace T3, (2) a high‐angle fan (3) terrace T2, (4) terrace T1 and (5) a low‐angle fan. Geomorphic consideration suggests that the fan terrace T3 and high‐angle fans are the oldest units and were coeval. The low‐angle fan is the youngest geomorphic unit. Sedimentological studies and optically stimulated luminescence chronology suggest that (i) fan terrace T3 formed between 13 and 10.5 ka and comprised multiple events of debris flows separated by the aggradation as channel bars in a braided river environment; (ii) the high‐angle fan formed during 15–10 ka and comprises channel bar aggradation in braided river conditions; (iii) terrace T2 formed during 10–8 ka due to aggradation in a braided channel environment with lesser events of debris flows; (iv) terrace T1 formed during <7 and 3 ka took place as bars of the braided river. Sudden coarsening of the sediment indicated a tectonic rejuvenation in the provenance region between 7 and 3 ka; and (v) the low‐angle fans dated to <3 ka formed due to aggradation in a small tributary joining the Brahmaputra River. This implies a phase when the main channel of the Brahmaputra did not flood regularly and the tributaries were actively aggrading. The sedimentation style and incision of these geomorphic units responded to contemporary climatic changes and uplift in the Siwalik range along the Himalayan Frontal Fault. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Activation of both Mos and Cdc25 is required for G2‐M transition in perch oocyte
Authors: Priyadarshini Anamika , Basu Dipanjan , Navneet A.K. , Bhattacharya Anirban , Bhattacharya Shelley , Maitra Sudipta , Bhattacharya Samir 
Published: July 2008

AbstractResumption of meiosis from diplotene arrest during the first meiotic prophase in vertebrate oocytes is universally controlled by MPF, a heterodimer of Cdk1 and cyclin B. Activation of MPF depends on the withdrawal of Cdk1 inhibition by Wee1/Myt1 kinase on the one hand and the activation of Cdk1 by Cdc25 phosphatase on the other. It is relevant to know whether both these pathways are necessary to rescue diplotene arrest or if either one of them is sufficient. In MIH (17α, 20β dihydroxy‐4‐pregnen‐3‐one) incubated perch (Anabas testudineus) oocytes we have examined these possibilities. Perch oocyte extract following MIH incubation showed a significant increase in Myt1 phosphorylation from 12 to 16 hr indicating its progressive deactivation. MIH induced Mos expression markedly increased at 16 hr effecting 95% GVBD. Cycloheximide inhibited MIH induced Mos expression and its phosphorylation, which in turn reduced Myt1 phosphorylation and GVBD. Myt1 phosphorylation was blocked in Mos immunodepleted oocytes. All these suggest the involvement of Mos in Myt1 phosphorylation. Oocytes incubated in MIH for 16 hr activated Cdc25, but such activation could not rescue the inhibition of GVBD due to Myt1 in Mos immunodepleted oocytes. Blocking Cdc25 with an antisense oligo significantly inhibited GVBD even though Myt1 remained deactivated during this period. Taken together, our findings indicate that MIH requires both pathways for perch oocyte maturation: the expression and activation of Mos, which is linked to Myt1 deactivation on the one hand, and the activation of Cdc25 on the other, as blocking either pathway compromised G2‐M transition in perch oocytes. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 76: 289–300, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prevalence and correlates of painful bladder syndrome symptoms in Fuzhou Chinese women
Authors: Song Yanfeng , Zhang Wenju , Xu Bo , Hao Lan , Song Jian 
Published: July 2008

AbstractAimsWe randomly sampled a community‐based, healthy population to evaluate the prevalence and correlates of painful bladder syndrome (PBS) symptoms.MethodsWe randomly sampled 6,066 women (3.0% of registered female residents) aged 20 years or above in Fuzhou and mailed Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms questionnaire for women self‐completion. Four thousand six hundred eight four (77.2%) women with evaluable data were included in this study.ResultsThe prevalence of PBS symptoms in Fuzhou Chinese women was 0.98% (n = 46). A multiple logistic regression analysis showed parity >2, diabetes mellitus, and smoking were correlated with PBS symptoms.ConclusionsThe prevalence of PBS symptoms in Chinese women is similar to those in Occidental women. Parity >2, diabetes mellitus, and smoking are potential correlates for PBS symptoms. Neurourol. Urodynam. 28:22–25, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Urethral retro‐resistance pressure: Association with established measures of incontinence severity and change after midurethral tape insertion
Authors: Roderick Teo , Paul Moran , Christopher Mayne , Douglas Tincello 
Published: July 2008

AbstractAimsOur study explored the relationship between URP and established measures of incontinence severity. We also report on change in URP after insertion of midurethral tape (MUT).MethodsAll participants had incontinence secondary to urodynamic stress incontinence only. URP was measured using the Monitorr (Gynecare) device prior to and 3 months after MUT insertion. The following measures of incontinence severity were completed before and 3 months after insertion of MUT: 24‐hour pad test; International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire for evaluating symptoms and impact of urinary incontinence; King's Health Questionnaire for evaluating disease‐specific quality of life and a 3‐day urinary dairy with episodes of incontinence recorded.ResultsPreoperative URP and measures of incontinence severity were available for 100 women. Mean URP bore no relationship to the severity of urine loss assessed by 24‐hour pad loss. There was no correlation between URP and other measures of incontinence severity. Pre and postoperative URP was available in 73 women. Although 84.9% were objectively cure (24‐hour pad test of <5 g) after surgery, pre and postoperative URP was not significantly different [62.7 (±19.4) cmH2O vs. 61.2 (±204) cmH2O; p = 0.57].ConclusionsUrethral retro‐resistance pressure is not a useful measure of urethral function. Neurourol. Urodynam. 28:86–89, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.