bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomic transport properties of water in barium–strontium aluminosilicates: Coupling of reactions and diffusion
Authors: Gao Dongxin , Luan Shiliang , Li Peixuan , Ren Ke , Wang William Yi , Li Jinshan , Wang Yiguang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBarium–strontium aluminosilicate (BSAS), with excellent resistance to water vapor corrosion and low water permeability, is considered an ideal environmental barrier coating material. Water vapor plays an important role on the failure of BSAS when it is exposed to service environments. Herein, the atomic transport properties of water in BSAS are investigated using ab initio calculations. The metastable structure of water in BSAS mainly consists of hydroxyl group and H+, where the hydroxyl group mainly exists in the form of Al–OH structure. In BSAS crystals, water first reacts with the aluminosilicate network to form metastable hydroxyl group and H+, and then hydroxyl group and H+ diffuse through the aluminosilicate network. Alkaline earth elements limit the diffusion behavior of water and improve the resistance to water vapor corrosion by maintaining the desired local charge balance of the Al–O4 tetrahedron structure. Furthermore, the ab initio molecular dynamics calculations at service temperature and pressure of BSAS are carried out to verify the above conclusions.
The development of a co‐researcher training with and for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities
Authors: van Heumen Lieke , Krueger Courtney , Mihaila Iulia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo build capacity among people with intellectual and developmental disabilities to become co‐researchers they need the opportunity to learn about research.MethodAn inclusive research team developed an online training to support people with intellectual and developmental disabilities to serve as co‐researchers. Seven participants were recruited as pilot trainees. The co‐researcher training consisted of two 1‐h training sessions. Pre‐ and post‐surveys and a focus group were conducted to examine participant experiences with the co‐researcher training.ResultsThe participants were actively engaged during the co‐researcher training sessions and shared they had a positive experience with it. They expressed that people with intellectual and developmental disabilities add value to the research team because of their lived experiences.ConclusionThe co‐researcher training can instill a baseline level of knowledge about research in people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, and can be adjusted for different types of research in different settings and organisations.Lay summaryPeople with intellectual and developmental disabilities would like to learn more about research. They would also like to learn more about how to do research. People with intellectual and developmental disabilities who work on research are called co‐researchers. Two researchers and a co‐researcher with disability wrote together about research for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Seven people with intellectual and developmental disabilities took part in the class. They answered questions about how they liked the class. They also gave their opinion about research. They learned about what research is and how to do research. The class can be changed so that it can be used by other organizations.
Characterization of runs of homozygosity islands in American mink using whole‐genome sequencing data
Authors: Davoudi Pourya , Do Duy Ngoc , Rathgeber Bruce , Colombo Stefanie , Sargolzaei Mehdi , Plastow Graham , Wang Zhiquan , Miar Younes 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe genome‐wide analysis of runs of homozygosity (ROH) islands can be an effective strategy for identifying shared variants within a population and uncovering important genomic regions related to complex traits. The current study performed ROH analysis to characterize the genome‐wide patterns of homozygosity, identify ROH islands and annotated genes within these candidate regions using whole‐genome sequencing data from 100 American mink (Neogale vison). After sequence processing, variants were called using GATK and Samtools pipelines. Subsequent to quality control, 8,373,854 bi‐allelic variants identified by both pipelines remained for further analysis. A total of 34,652 ROH segments were identified in all individuals, among which shorter segments (0.3–1 Mb) were abundant throughout the genome, approximately accounting for 84.39% of all ROH. Within these segments, we identified 63 ROH islands housing 156 annotated genes. The genes located in ROH islands were associated with fur quality (EDNRA, FGF2, FOXA2 and SLC24A4), body size/weight (MYLK4, PRIM2, FABP2, EYS and PHF3), immune capacity (IL2, IL21, PTP4A1, SEMA4C, JAK2, CCNA2 and TNIP3) and reproduction (ADAD1, KHDRBS2, INSL6, PGRMC2 and HSPA4L). Furthermore, Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses revealed 56 and 9 significant terms (FDR‐corrected p‐value < 0.05), respectively, among which cGMP‐PKG signalling pathway, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and calcium signalling pathway were highlighted due to their functional roles in growth and fur characteristics. This is the first study to present ROH islands in American mink. The candidate genes from ROH islands and functional enrichment analysis suggest possible signatures of selection in response to the mink breeding targets, such as increased body length, reproductive performance and fur quality. These findings contribute to our understanding of genetic characteristics, and provide complementary information to assist with implementation of breeding strategies for genetic improvement in American mink.
The Dark Side of Circuit Breakers
Authors: CHEN HUI , PETUKHOV ANTON , WANG JIANG , XING HAO 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTMarket‐wide circuit breakers are trading halts aimed at stabilizing the market during dramatic price declines. Using an intertemporal equilibrium model, we show that a circuit breaker significantly alters market dynamics and affects investor welfare. As the market approaches the circuit breaker, price volatility rises drastically, accelerating the chance of triggering the circuit breaker—the so‐called “magnet effect,” returns exhibit increasing negative skewness, and trading activity spikes up. Our empirical analysis supports the model's predictions. Circuit breakers can affect overall welfare negatively or positively, depending on the relative significance of investors' trading motives for risk sharing versus irrational speculation.
Redundancy and Complementarity in Language and the Environment: How Intermodal Information Is Combined to Constrain Learning
Authors: Monaghan Padraic , Murray Heather , Holz Heiko 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo acquire language, learners have to map the language onto the environment, but languages vary as to how much information they include to constrain how a sentence relates to the world. We investigated the conditions under which information within the language and the environment is combined for learning. In a cross‐situational artificial language learning study, participants listened to transitive sentences and viewed two scenes, and selected which scene was described by the sentence. There were three conditions, involving different language variants. All variants had free word order but varied as to whether or not they contained morphosyntactic information that defined the subject and object roles of nouns in the sentence. We found that participants were able to learn information about word order and vocabulary from each variant, demonstrating that learners are not reliant on information within a language only, but can combine constraints from language and environment to support acquisition. Data and analyses are available at: https://osf.io/hxqzc/?view_only=ea6ba6fff6bb468e8de2e8596f029dca
Prevalence of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in Turner syndrome: A prospective case–control study
Authors: Twohig Patrick , Li Ling , Danford David , Craft Mary , Yetman Anji T. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsAbnormal liver chemistries are common in Turner syndrome (TS). Guidelines suggest that TS patients undergo annual screening of liver enzymes, but the role of non‐invasive screening for steatosis and fibrosis is not clearly defined. We compared the prevalence of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis among TS patients to healthy controls using ultrasound with shear‐wave elastography (SWE) and assessed for risk factors associated with steatosis and fibrosis in TS.MethodsProspective case–control study of TS versus control patients from 2019 to 2021. All patients underwent abdominal ultrasound with doppler and SWE to assess hepatic fibrosis and steatosis. Risk factors were compared between TS and controls, as well as within the TS group.ResultsA total of 55 TS and 50 control patients were included. Mean age was 23.6 years vs. 24.6 years in the control group (p = .75). TS patients had significantly more steatosis (65% vs. 12%, stage 1 vs. 0, p < .0001) and fibrosis (39% vs. 2%, average Metavir F2 vs. F0, p < .00001) than controls. These findings remained significant after adjusting for body mass index (BMI) (p < .01). GGT is more sensitive than AST or ALT in identifying these changes.ConclusionTS is associated with an increased prevalence of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis compared to healthy controls. Our findings suggest that serum GGT and ultrasound with SWE may help identify TS patients with liver disease. Early risk factor mitigation including timely oestrogen replacement, weight control, normalization of lipids and promoting multidisciplinary collaboration should be encouraged.
Housing market, oil prices, and macroeconomic volatility in the G7
Authors: Attílio Luccas Assis 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate house price shocks on the macroeconomic variables (financial market, inflation, and real sector) of the G7 economies. We use the GVAR to capture the spillover effects from the U.S. housing market and oil prices on these economies from 1991M3–2022M10. We identify the U.S. house price shock using the Structural Generalized Impulse Response Function, house supply and demand variables, and regional divergence. We find that the domestic stock markets and industrial production are the most sensitive to house price shocks. We further compare the importance of house and oil prices on domestic fluctuations. The estimates reinforce the previous findings: U.S. house prices are responsible for a quarter of the domestic volatility of the stock markets and industrial production. In the other macroeconomic segments, the effects of house prices are present, but in lower values. Our results show that house prices provoke more domestic fluctuations than oil prices. Finally, we also found that short and long‐term credit markets, as well as stock markets, transmit the house price shock to industrial production. Consequently, we provide potential channels to comprehend the spillover effect of U.S. house prices on international markets.
Between the Superpowers: Gulf States and Israel Navigate the New Mideast Dynamics
Authors: Afterman Gedaliah , Urhová Dominika 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChina has become increasingly active in the Middle East over the past decade, both economically and politically. Its strategy aims to expand its reach and influence, while warily avoiding the region's chronic instability. The Gulf states and Israel have sought to leverage China's economic growth and global influence to advance their interests. This article explores the strategies of key Gulf countries, Israel, and Iran toward China in their efforts to manage the fast‐changing regional dynamics. It first examines their economic ties with Beijing and then discusses their political relations. The analysis also reviews how the intensifying superpower competition between the United States and China is shaping both the region and the foreign policies of its constitutive states. This article is part of a special issue on the responses of Gulf countries to rising Sino‐American competition, edited by Andrea Ghiselli, Anoushiravan Ehteshami, and Enrico Fardella.
Turnip mosaic virus NIb weakens the function of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6 facilitating viral infection in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Chen Ziqiang , Wang Feng , Chen Binghua , Wu Guanwei , Tian Dagang , Yuan Quan , Qiu Shiyou , Zhai Yushan , Chen Jianping , Zheng Hongying , Yan Fei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractViruses rely completely on host translational machinery to produce the proteins encoded by their genes. Controlling translation initiation is important for gaining translational advantage in conflicts between the host and virus. The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) has been reported to be hijacked by potyviruses for virus multiplication. The role of translation regulation in defence and anti‐defence between plants and viruses is not well understood. We report that the transcript level of eIF6 was markedly increased in turnip mosaic virus (TuMV)‐infected Nicotiana benthamiana. TuMV infection was impaired by overexpression of N. benthamiana eIF6 (NbeIF6) either transiently expressed in leaves or stably expressed in transgenic plants. Polysome profile assays showed that overexpression of NbeIF6 caused the accumulation of 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits, the reduction of polysomes, and also compromised TuMV UTR‐mediated translation, indicating a defence role for upregulated NbeIF6 during TuMV infection. However, the polysome profile in TuMV‐infected leaves was not identical to that in leaves overexpressing NbeIF6. Further analysis showed that TuMV NIb protein, the RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase, interacted with NbeIF6 and interfered with its effect on the ribosomal subunits, suggesting that NIb might have a counterdefence role. The results propose a possible regulatory mechanism at the translation level during plant–virus interaction.
A Countertraction Closed Reduction Technique in Minimally Invasive Fixation of Recent Type C Pelvic Ring Injuries
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhao Jinmin , Cheng Jianwen , Huang Linke , Ning Chao , Hu Feng 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveClosed reduction of pelvic injuries is a prerequisite and critical step in minimally invasive treatment. Achieving non‐invasive closed reduction of pelvic injuries is a challenging clinical problem. This study demonstrated a non‐invasive traction technique for closed reduction called countertraction closed reduction technique (CCRT) and evaluated its effectiveness for type C pelvic ring injuries.MethodThe data of patients with unstable pelvic fractures treated with CCRT and minimally invasive fixation were retrospectively reviewed from January 2017 to February 2022. Sacroiliac screws were placed to fix the posterior pelvic ring, and internal or external fixation was used to fix the anterior pelvic ring. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, duration of hospital stay, fracture union and postoperative complications were recorded. Fracture reduction quality was evaluated using the Matta scoring criteria. Functional recovery and general quality of life were evaluated using the Majeed functional scoring criteria.ResultsThirteen patients (nine males and four females), with an average age of 49.6 years were treated with CCRT and followed up for a mean of 18.5 months. The average operation time was 137.2 minutes (range 92–195 minutes), the average intraoperative blood loss was 31.2 mL (range 10–120 mL) and the average duration of hospital stay was 14.3 days (range 4–32 days). All patients achieved bony union with an average union time of 11.9 weeks (range 10–16 weeks). According to the Matta radiographic criteria, the quality of fracture reduction was excellent in eight patients, good in four, and fair in one. The average Majeed functional score was 89.7 (range 78–100). The functional evaluation revealed that the outcomes were excellent in nine patients, and good in four patients. Complications included incision fat liquefaction in one patient, and heterotopic ossification in another patient. There were no surgical complications as a result of CCRT.ConclusionCCRT is a non‐invasive closed reduction method for minimally invasive fixation of fresh Tile C1 and C2 pelvic fractures. The advantages of CCRT combined with minimally invasive treatment include a small surgical incision, reduced intraoperative bleeding, satisfactory fracture reduction, bone healing and functional recovery.
Phylogenetic, metabolic and pathogenic characteristics of Alternaria alternata strains from wheat in China
Authors: Qiao Shouning , Gu Hui , Ma Guizhen , Xu Jianhong , Shi Jianrong , Lee Yin‐Won , Qiu Jianbo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlternaria is an important toxigenic fungal genus endangering the quality of cereal grains. No data are available in the literature regarding the composition of Alternaria species in wheat from the main wheat‐cultivating regions of China. In this study, a total of 282 strains were isolated from wheat kernels collected in various provinces. Phylogenetic characterization was performed using two informative loci, ASA10 and ASA19, demonstrating that all strains belonged to A. alternata. A low molecular diversity was observed, which did not appear to be influenced by geographic origin. The secondary metabolite profile of the strains was evaluated in rice culture. Altertoxin I was synthesized at a high concentration by the majority of the strains, while the accumulation of altenuene was lower in both frequency and level than that of alternariol and its derivative. A. alternata did not cause readily observable symptoms on wheat spikes after spraying of the conidia at anthesis, but a higher quantity of altertoxin I and Alternaria DNA were detected in inoculated grains. Artificial inoculations of apple fruit showed that all examined strains were capable of causing typical rot symptoms and producing all four toxins to a certain degree. The widespread occurrence of A. alternata on wheat grains and its ability to synthesize various toxic metabolites may pose a serious hazard for both growers and consumers.
Enhancing exercise tolerance in interstitial lung disease with high‐flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy: A randomized crossover trial
Authors: Yanagita Yorihide , Arizono Shinichi , Yokomura Koshi , Ito Kumiko , Machiguchi Hikaru , Tawara Yuichi , Katagiri Norimasa , Iida Yuki , Nakatani Eiji , Tanaka Takako , Kozu Ryo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveInterstitial lung disease (ILD) is characterized by dyspnoea on exertion and exercise‐induced hypoxaemia. High‐flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy reduces the respiratory workload through higher gas flow and oxygen supplementation, which may affect exercise tolerance. This study aimed to examine the effects of oxygen and gas flow rates through HFNC therapy on exercise tolerance in ILD patients.MethodsWe conducted three‐treatment crossover study. All ILD patients performed the exercises on room air (ROOM AIR setting: flow, 0 L/min; fraction of inspired oxygen [FiO2], 0.21), HFNC (FLOW setting: flow 40 L/min, FiO2 0.21), and HFNC with oxygen supplementation (FLOW + OXYGEN setting: flow 40 L/min, FiO2 0.6). The primary endpoint was the endurance time, measured using constant‐load cycle ergometry exercise testing at a peak work rate of 80%.ResultsTwenty‐five participants (10 men, 71.2 ± 6.7 years) were enrolled. The increase in exercise duration between the ROOM AIR and FLOW was 46.3 s (95% CI, −6.1 to 98.7; p = 0.083), and the FLOW and FLOW + OXYGEN was 91.5 s (39.1–143.9; p < 0.001). The percutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO2) at rest was significantly higher with the FLOW + OXYGEN setting than with the ROOM AIR and FLOW settings, and the difference persisted during exercise. At equivalent time points during exercise, the SpO2 with the FLOW setting was significantly higher than that with the ROOM AIR setting.ConclusionOxygen supplementation in HFNC therapy improved exercise tolerance and SpO2. We found that gas flow alone did not improve exercise tolerance, but improved SpO2 during exercise.image
Assessing the incorporation of latent variables in the estimation of the value of a statistical life
Authors: Barrientos Manuel , Vásquez Lavín Felipe , Ponce Oliva Roberto D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFor many years, the economic literature has recognized the role of attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions in estimating the value of a statistical life (VSL). However, few applications have attempted to include them. This article incorporates the perceived controllability and concern about traffic and cardiorespiratory risks to estimate VSL using a hybrid choice model (HCM). The HCM allows us to include unobserved heterogeneity and improve behavioral realism explicitly. Using data from a choice experiment conducted in Santiago, Chile, we estimate a VSL of US$3.78 million for traffic risks and US$2.06 million for cardiorespiratory risks. We found that higher controllability decreases the likelihood that the respondents would be willing to pay for risk reductions in both risks. On the other hand, concern about these risks decreases the willingness to pay for traffic risk reductions but increases it for cardiorespiratory risk reductions.
The effect of mini‐grid rural electrification on urbanization: Evidence from the pilot mini‐grid systems in Ghana
Authors: Gyimah Justice , Liu Yang , Nyantakyi George , Yao Xilong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMini‐grid electrification constitutes an increasingly important solution to universal access to energy, notably in off‐grid rural Africa. Rural electrification has important implications for mitigating the immigration trends of the rural population toward urban regions. In this study, we adopted a mediation model to investigate the direct and indirect effects of mini‐grid electrification on the urbanization process, and multivariate regression is employed as a robustness check. More specifically, with the support of a mini‐grid project in Ghana, we conducted a survey to assess the perception of the local population about the impact of rural electrification on healthcare, education, employment, and security and further examined the impact of these development outcomes on their willingness to immigrate to cities. The study's findings suggested that the development of rural electrification helped improve education, healthcare, security, and employment, significantly affecting urbanization. Our study concluded that increased electricity access through mini‐grids tends to reduce the urbanization trends in rural Ghana.
Effects of foreign direct investment in services on input imports of manufacturing firms: Evidence from China
Authors: Wang Xuefeng , Zhu Ling , Liu Haiyun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the causal effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) in services on the input imports of manufacturing firms. We exploit a plausibly exogenous policy of FDI liberalization in services in China to construct an instrumental variable for FDI in services and address endogeneity concerns. The results demonstrate that FDI in services positively impacts both the value and sophistication of input imports for manufacturing firms. Mechanism analysis reveals that FDI in services enhances firms' input imports through reductions in production costs, relief from financial constraints, and decreased remote coordination costs. The positive effects of FDI in services are particularly pronounced for firms with lower initial productivity and higher levels of human capital.