bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative effectiveness of angioembolization versus open surgery in patients with blunt splenic injury
Authors: Suzuki Toshinao , Shiraishi Atsushi , Ito Kensuke , Otomo Yasuhiro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe effectiveness and safety of transcatheter splenic artery embolization (SAE) compared to those of open surgery in patients with blunt splenic injury (BSI) remain unclear. This retrospective cohort-matched study utilized data from the Japan Trauma Data Bank recorded between 2004 and 2019. Patients with BSI who underwent SAE or open surgery were selected. A propensity score matching analysis was used to balance the baseline covariates and compare outcomes, including all-cause in-hospital mortality and spleen salvage. From 361,706 patients recorded in the data source, this study included 2,192 patients with BSI who underwent SAE or open surgery. A propensity score matching analysis was used to extract 377 matched pairs of patients. The in-hospital mortality rates (SAE, 11.6% vs. open surgery, 11.2%, adjusted relative risk (aRR): 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.38–1.09, p = 0.10) were similar in both the groups. However, spleen salvage was significantly less achieved in the open surgery group than in the SAE group (SAE, 87.1% vs. open surgery, 32.1%; aRR: 2.84, 95%CI: 2.29–3.51, p < 0.001). Survival rates did not significantly differ between BSI patients undergoing SAE and those undergoing open surgery. Nonetheless, SAE was notably associated with a higher likelihood of successful spleen salvage.
An integrated method for compensating and correcting nonlinear error in five-axis machining utilizing cutter contacting point data
Authors: Chen Liangji , Xu Haohao , Huang Qiang , Wang Pengcheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn current five-axis computer numerical control (CNC) machining, the use of minute linear path segments as an approximation for the ideal cutter contacting (CC) point trajectory is still prevalent. However, introducing rotation axes leads to a deviation of the actual CC point trajectory from the ideal, resulting in nonlinear errors. An integrated method is proposed in this paper for compensating and correcting both the contour error, associated with the approximation of the part surface by the ideal CC point trajectory and the nonlinear error of the CC point trajectory based on the information in the CC point data. By analyzing the spatial relationship between the tool posture and the CC point path during the five-axis linear interpolation process, two adjacent machining tool positions containing CC point data information are selected as the starting and ending points of the five-axis linear interpolation machining. The ideal tool center point and the actual CC point are calculated during the interpolation process, as well as the distance and the unit vector in the perpendicular direction between the actual CC point and the ideal CC point trajectory segment. In the comprehensive error compensation and correction phase, the obtained unit vectors are used as direction vectors for error compensation, and the tool center point during interpolation is first compensated and corrected. This ensures the actual CC point and the contour curve are on the same plane. The compensation direction for contour error is calculated using the start/end tool axis vectors and the ideal CC point trajectory vectors. The size of the contour error approximating the contour curve is calculated through the chord error. A second compensation and correction are applied to the tool center point for interpolation, ultimately achieving comprehensive compensation and correction of nonlinear errors. The data calculations were conducted in the MATLAB environment using actual machining data. After compensation and correction, the contour error was reduced by 76%, the nonlinear error of the CC point trajectory decreased to below 0.88 μm, and the comprehensive nonlinear error of the CC point trajectory was reduced from 19 to 1.5 μm, a reduction of 93%. This demonstrates significant practical value in enhancing the accuracy of five-axis CNC machining. Through actual machining verification, after using the method described in this paper, the average surface roughness decreased from 1.133 to 0.220 μm, and the maximum surface roughness decreased from 6.667 to 1.240 μm. This significantly demonstrates that the compensation and correction method proposed in this paper can significantly improve the surface quality of machined parts.
Evaluation of physiological response and synchronisation errors during synchronous and pseudosynchronous stimulation trials
Authors: Kania Damian , Romaniszyn-Kania Patrycja , Tuszy Aleksandra , Bugdol Monika , Ledwoń Daniel , Czak Miroslaw , Turner Bruce , Bibrowicz Karol , Szurmik Tomasz , Pollak Anita , Mitas Andrzej W. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRhythm perception and synchronisation is musical ability with neural basis defined as the ability to perceive rhythm in music and synchronise body movements with it. The study aimed to check the errors of synchronisation and physiological response as a reaction of the subjects to metrorhythmic stimuli of synchronous and pseudosynchronous stimulation (synchronisation with an externally controlled rhythm, but in reality controlled or produced tone by tapping) Nineteen subjects without diagnosed motor disorders participated in the study. Two tests were performed, where the electromyography signal and reaction time were recorded using the NORAXON system. In addition, physiological signals such as electrodermal activity and blood volume pulse were measured using the Empatica E4. Study 1 consisted of adapting the finger tapping test in pseudosynchrony with a given metrorhythmic stimulus with a selection of preferred, choices of decreasing and increasing tempo. Study 2 consisted of metrorhythmic synchronisation during the heel stomping test. Numerous correlations and statistically significant parameters were found between the response of the subjects with respect to their musical education, musical and sports activities. Most of the differentiating characteristics shown evidence of some group division in the undertaking of musical activities. The use of detailed analyses of synchronisation errors can contribute to the development of methods to improve the rehabilitation process of subjects with motor dysfunction, and this will contribute to the development of an expert system that considers personalised musical preferences.
Tailoring hierarchical microstructures and nanoprecipitates in additive-manufactured Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Nb alloys for simultaneously enhancing strength and ductility
Authors: Xiao Fei , Shu Da , Wang Yixiao , Sun Qinyao , Wang Donghong , Yang Chao , Wang Shubin , Mi Jiawei , Sun Baode , StJohn David H. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing provides an efficient way of producing metallic components with complex geometries. Their microstructure is substantially different to those from conventional processing, creating opportunities for manipulating the final microstructure and properties via heat treatment. Here, we demonstrate that as-built heterostructures in an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Nb alloy produced during the solidification of molten pools provide a driving force and additional Zener pinning sources for recrystallization. This creates a bimodal grain structure after solution treatment, causing additional hetero-deformation-induced strengthening and hardening. Coarse grains are found to promote work hardening and blunt the propagate of cracks during deformation, increasing ductility. Together with precipitation strengthening from a high number density nanoprecipitates, the simultaneous improvement of strength and ductility in a highly alloyed Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Nb alloy is achieved. These results provide a simple strategy for the development of additively manufactured age-hardening alloys with improved strength and ductility for high performance structural applications.
Enhanced photocatalytic CO2 reduction by controlled oxygen vacancy generation and co-constructed heterojunction strategy for Pd/CeO2
Authors: Kong Fanlin , Lu Xiaoyan , Xie Jing , Lu Zhenjiang , Hu Jindou , Cao Yali 
Published: April 2024

Rational control of Vo concentration and the construction of a heterojunction strategy enable Pd/CeO2-Vo(r) to exhibit excellent photocatalytic CO2RR activity. The presence of COOH* creates favorable conditions for CO formation and desorption.
Expedient deaminative phosphorylation and sulfonylation of benzylic tertiary amines enabled by difluorocarbene
Authors: Li Chengbo , Guo Yu , Su Jianke , Hu Xinyuan , Xuan Qingqing , Song Qiuling 
Published: April 2024

A deaminative functionalization of aliphatic tertiary amines via the cleavage of C(sp3)–N bonds under transition metal-free conditions was disclosed, which goes through SN2 reaction with various phosphorus and sulfur nucleophiles.
The role of bio-inspired micro-/nano-structures in flexible tactile sensors
Authors: Fu Xiyao , Xu Hao , Fan Jie , Zou Yonggang , Han Wei , Wang Lili 
Published: April 2024

This review focuses on the development of tactile sensors for parameters such as pressure, strain and integration of multiple functions. The application prospect of bionic sensors in e-skin, human–computer interaction, and bionic robots is envisioned.
Molecular regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation during parasitic infection
Authors: Alonaizan Rasha 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Parasitic diseases are a serious global health concern, causing many common and severe infections, including Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, and schistosomiasis. The NLRP3 inflammasome belongs to the NLR (nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich-repeat-containing proteins) family, which are cytosolic proteins playing key roles in the detection of pathogens. NLRP3 inflammasomes are activated in immune responses to Plasmodium, Leishmania, Toxoplasma gondii, Entamoeba histolytica, Trypanosoma cruzi, and other parasites. The role of NLRP3 is not fully understood, but it is a crucial component of the innate immune response to parasitic infections and its functions as a sensor triggering the inflammatory response to the invasive parasites. However, while this response can limit the parasites’ growth, it can also result in potentially catastrophic host pathology. This makes it essential to understand how NLRP3 interacts with parasites to initiate the inflammatory response. Plasmodium hemozoin, Leishmania glycoconjugate lipophosphoglycan (LPG) and E. histolytica Gal/GalNAc lectin can stimulate NLRP3 activation, while the dense granule protein 9 (GRA9) of T. gondii has been shown to suppress it. Several other parasitic products also have diverse effects on NLRP3 activation. Understanding the mechanism of NLRP3 interaction with these products will help to develop advanced therapeutic approaches to treat parasitic diseases. This review summarizes current knowledge of the NLRP3 inflammasome’s action on the immune response to parasitic infections and aims to determine the mechanisms through which parasitic molecules either activate or inhibit its action.
Förderliche und hinderliche Faktoren für die Durchführung der
medizinischen Rehabilitation bei Jugendlichen mit Skoliose vor und während der
SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie: Eine qualitative Studie
Authors: Baasner Anna-Lena , Banaschak Hannes , Fauser David , Bethge Matthias 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Ziel der Studie war die Identifizierung von förderlichen
und hinderlichen Faktoren für die Durchführung der medizinischen Rehabilitation
während zukünftiger Pandemien aus den Erfahrungen der SARS-COV-2-Pandemie bei
Jugendlichen mit Skoliose und die daraus folgende Ableitung von
Empfehlungen.
Methodik Es wurde ein qualitatives Studiendesign mit leitfadengestützten
Expert*inneninterviews gewählt. Im Rahmen der Studie wurden zwölf Interviews mit
Jugendlichen und sieben Interviews mit Physiotherapeut*innen geführt. Die
Auswertung folgte der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring mit induktiver
Kategorienbildung.
Ergebnisse Für 83,3% der Jugendlichen war die Therapiegestaltung unter
Berücksichtigung individueller Rehabilitand*innenbedürfnisse ein förderlicher
Faktor. Das gute Informationsmanagement (91,7%), ein weiterhin bestehendes
Freizeitangebot (66,7%) und ein hohes Sicherheitsempfinden (100%) waren
förderlich. 71,4% befürworteten die Therapie an der frischen Luft. Als
hinderlich wurden die erhöhte Anstrengung durch die Maskenpflicht (91,7%) oder
die verkürzten Therapiezeiten gesehen (66,7%). Der Aufbau sozialer Kontakte war
für 75% der Jugendlichen erschwert. Alle Therapeut*innen gaben an, dass die
Kommunikation zwischen Rehabilitand*innen und Therapeut*innen distanzierter
war.
Schlussfolgerung Für eine gelungene Rehabilitation unter
Pandemiebedingungen sollte darauf geachtet werden, dass abhängig von den
Witterungsbedingungen die Therapie außerhalb geschlossener Räume ermöglicht
wird, da im Freien kein Mund-Nasen-Schutz getragen werden muss. Zudem sollte die
physiotherapeutische Behandlung (Schroth-Therapie) aufgrund der Übungsintensität
ohne Mund-Nasen-Schutz durchgeführt werden. Der Aufbau sozialer Kontakte unter
den Jugendlichen sollte bestmöglich unterstützt werden. Das Freizeitangebot
sollte eine große Auswahl und ausreichend freie Plätze bieten. Die Fortführung
bestimmter hygienischer Maßnahme könnte dazu beitragen, dass Erkrankungen (z. B.
Magen-Darm-Infektionen), die während der Pandemie in den
Rehabilitationseinrichtungen kaum wahrgenommen wurden, zukünftig seltener
auftreten.
Prevalence and Incidence of Medication-Treated Diabetes and Pattern
of Glucose-Lowering Treatment During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Real-World Data from
the Electronic Greek Prescription Database
Authors: Siafarikas C. , Karamanakos G. , Makrilakis K. , Tsolakidis A. , Mathioudakis K. , Liatis S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and incidence of
medication-treated diabetes mellitus and the evolving patterns of
glucose-lowering treatments the year before and during the first two years of
the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Methods Data from the Greek electronic prescription database were analyzed
for 2019, 2020, and 2021. The study population included individuals with active
social security numbers. Prevalence and incidence rates were calculated based on
the dispensing of glucose-lowering medications according to their unique
anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC) code.
Results The study population comprised 10,289,140 individuals in 2019,
10,630,726 in 2020, and 11,246,136 in 2021. Diabetes prevalence rates were
8.06%, 6.89%, and 7.91%, and incidence rates were 16.8/1000, 8.6/1000, and
13.4/1000 individuals, respectively. Metformin was the most prescribed
medication, and newer classes, like sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors 2
(SGLT-2) inhibitors and glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists
exhibited increasing trends.
Conclusions The study identified a decrease in medication-prescribed
diabetes prevalence and incidence during the initial year of the COVID-19
pandemic, attributed to healthcare access restrictions. Subsequently, figures
returned close to baseline levels. Glucose-lowering medication trends reflected
adherence to local and international guidelines, with metformin as the
cornerstone, and increasing preference for newer classes such as GLP-1 receptor
agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors.
Comparison of the Prognostic Accuracy of Full Outline of Unresponsiveness (FOUR) Score with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) Score among Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Chattopadhyay Indrani , Ramamoorthy Lakshmi , Kumari Manoranjitha , Harichandrakumar K.T. , Lalthanthuami H.T. , Subramaniyan Rani 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objectives The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is widely used and considered the gold standard in assessing the consciousness of patients with traumatic brain injury. However, some significant limitations, like the considerable variations in interobserver reliability and predictive validity, were the reason for developing the Full Outline of Unresponsiveness (FOUR) score. The current study aims to compare the prognostic accuracy of the FOUR score with the GCS score for in-hospital mortality and morbidity among patients with traumatic brain injury.
Materials and Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted, where 237 participants were selected by consecutive sampling from a tertiary care center. These patients were assessed with the help of GCS and FOUR scores within 6 hours of admission, and other clinical parameters were also noted. The level of consciousness was checked every day with the help of GCS and FOUR scores until their last hospitalization day. Glasgow Outcome Scale was used to assess their outcome on the last day of hospitalization. The GCS and FOUR scores were compared, and data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The chi-square test, independent Student's t-test, and receiver operating characteristic analysis were used for inferential analysis.
Results The area under the curve (AUC) for the GCS score at the 6th hour for predicting mortality was 0.865 with a cutoff value of 5.5, and it yields a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 64%. The AUC for FOUR scores at the 6th hour for predicting the mortality was 0.893, with a cutoff value of 5.5, and it yields a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 73%.
Conclusion The current study shows that, as per the AUC of GCS and FOUR scores, their sensitivity was equal, but specificity was higher in the FOUR score. So, the FOUR score has higher accuracy than the GCS score in the prediction of mortality among traumatic brain injury patients.
Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use and Its Impact on the Delayed Presentation and Advanced Stage of Breast Cancer in Newly Diagnosed Indian Women
Authors: Pawar Amol , Diwan Ashok , Mahobia Vijay 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction Complementary and alternate medicine (CAM) use is highly prevalent among Indian cancer patients. However, such studies from the perspective of Indian patients with breast cancer (BC) are lacking.
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of CAM use and its impact on the presentation of patients with BC.
Materials and Methods This retrospective study was performed in the Department of Radiation Oncology over a period of 6 months (January to June 2019) and involved review of hospital-record of 229 newly-diagnosed patients with BC. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was done to evaluate the association of CAM use with the BC stage and various clinicodemographic variables.
Results Of 229 patients, 96 (41.92%) used CAM. The CAM use was significantly associated with rural residence (odds ratio [OR]: 4.092; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.27–7.35), illiteracy (OR: 6.417; 95% CI: 1.83–22.45), delayed presentation by 3 to 6 (OR: 12.964; 95% CI: 2.94–57.00) and more than 6 months (OR: 40.667; 95% CI: 9.26–178.46), and advanced stage at diagnosis (OR: 10.786; 95% CI: 5.15–22.58). Similarly, advanced stage at diagnosis was significantly associated with rural residence (OR: 2.78; 95% CI: 1.59–4.84), illiteracy (OR: 7.20; 95% CI: 1.86–22.79,), and delayed presentation by 3 to 6 (OR: 6.41; 95% CI: 2.81–14.61) and more than 6 months (OR: 17.55; 95% CI: 7.26–42.45).
Conclusions CAM use was highly prevalent among the patients with BC and significantly associated with advanced stage at diagnosis. Moreover, both CAM use and advanced stage at diagnosis were significantly associated with rural residence, low educational status, and delayed presentation.
Partial versus Complete Sternotomy for Aortic Valve Replacement—Multicenter Study
Authors: Goebel Nora , Stankowski Tomasz , Pollari Francesco , Hassan Kambiz , Jueckstock Helena , Schubel Jens , Sellin Christian , Zielezinski Thorsten , Elhmidi Yacine , Sack Falk-Udo , Feyrer Richard , Doerge Hilmar , Hausmann Harald , Massoudy Parwis , Schmoeckel Michael , Hakmi Samer , Fischlein Theodor , Fritzsche Dirk , Franke Ulrich F. W. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background The benefits of minimally invasive techniques in cardiac surgery remain poorly defined. We evaluated the short- and mid-term outcomes after surgical aortic valve replacement through partial upper versus complete median sternotomy (MS) in a large, German multicenter cohort.
Methods A total of 2,929 patients underwent isolated surgical aortic valve replacement via partial upper sternotomy (PUS, n = 1,764) or MS (n = 1,165) at nine participating heart centers between 2016 and 2020. After propensity-score matching, 1,990 patients were eligible for analysis. The primary end point was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), a composite of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke at 30 days and in follow-up, up to 5 years. Secondary end points were acute kidney injury, length of hospital stay, transfusions, deep sternal wound infection, Dressler's syndrome, rehospitalization, and conversion to sternotomy.
Results Unadjusted MACCE rates were significantly lower in the PUS group both at 30 days (p = 0.02) and in 5-year follow-up (p = 0.01). However, after propensity-score matching, differences between the groups were no more statistically significant: MACCE rates were 3.9% (PUS) versus 5.4% (MS, p = 0.14) at 30 days, and 9.9 versus 11.3% in 5-year follow-up (p = 0.36). In the minimally invasive group, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay was shorter (p = 0.03), Dressler's syndrome occurred less frequently (p = 0.006), and the rate of rehospitalization was reduced significantly (p < 0.001). There were 3.8% conversions to full sternotomy.
Conclusion In a large, German multicenter cohort, MACCE rates were comparable in surgical aortic valve replacement through partial upper and complete sternotomies. Shorter ICU stay and lower rates of Dressler's syndrome and rehospitalization were in favor of the partial sternotomy group.
A First Estimate of the Prevalence of Developmental Language Disorder in Mexico: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Auza B Alejandra , Kapantzoglou Maria , Murata Chiharu , Méndez-Gómez Humarán Ignacio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis was a retrospective study that aimed to provide a first estimate of the prevalence of developmental language disorder (DLD) in Mexico, where there is currently a lack of epidemiological data on this disorder. Children aged 4;0 to 6;11 years in the cities of Mexico, Queretaro, and Monterrey were classified into two groups: those with DLD (N = 46) and those with typical language development (N = 497). The diagnosis of DLD was based on standardized norm-referenced assessment and language sample analyses. Children with other disabilities were excluded from the final sample. The final sample consisted of 543 children (55% male; 45% female) aged 4;0 to 6;11 years. The estimated prevalence of DLD was 8.5%. The study has clinical implications given that the prevalence of DLD in Mexico may raise awareness of this long-lasting disorder and may help health and educational authorities establish a system to early identify and diagnose children with DLD.