bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formation of isoamyl alcohol and isobutanol in the fermentation of sugarcane molasses in a microdistillery: evaluation of pH, refrigeration and supplementation factors
Authors: Santos Renan Atanázio dos , de Almeida Yeda Medeiros Bastos , Andrade Samara Alvachian Cardoso , Caldas Celso Silva , de Freitas Jonnathan Duarte , Costa Clara Andrezza Crisóstomo Bezerra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Fusel oil is a mixture of higher alcohols that are formed during fermentation, and the main constituents are isoamyl alcohol and isobutanol. Although their presence in fermented musts is detrimental to the distillation process and ethanol quality, the aforementioned higher alcohols are widely used, especially in the fine chemical industry. On the other hand, the quality and quantity of fusel oil depend on various factors, including raw materials and fermentation conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pH, refrigeration, and supplementation on the formation of isoamyl alcohol and isobutanol during the fermentation of molasses must in a microdistillery. The fermentations were conducted in batches that were fed with 25 °Brix must and 25% v/v commercial dry yeast for 10 hours. A complete 2³ factorial design was used to assess the effects of the studied factors and their interactions on the response variables: fermentation efficiency (nf), process efficiency (np), ethanol productivity (P), substrate-to-cell conversion factor (YX/S), isoamyl alcohol produced (A), isobutanol produced (B) and the A/B Ratio between these alcohols. For statistical analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test were used for mean comparisons. The results of the substrate-to-cell conversion factor (YX/S) indicated good yeast performance under different fermentation conditions. The interaction effects among the evaluated factors significantly influenced the formation of isoamyl alcohol and isobutanol, as well as the A/B Ratio.
Bacterial cellulose as reinforcement for earthen material
Authors: KABALAN Ola NASHED , Roy Robert Le , Ciblac Thierry , Marceau Sandrine 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The interest of reinventing raw earth is for the purpose of drastically reducing the environmental impact of the continuous human urban growth. This paper discusses the use of cellulose synthesized by bacteria as a new source of microfibers to reinforce the soil matrix. It presents firstly, the bacterial cellulose (BC) and its production method then it focuses on defining its microstructural characteristics. In the second part, the soil-BC association is studied. Commercial soil (DW-earth) and bentonite clay were tested with 3 and 8% of BC. The objective is to evaluate the impact of BC addition on the soil’s physcio -mechanical properties. Shrinkage and mechanical performance tests were carried out. The results showed a material with better mechanical performances and high cracks resistance. The shrinkage percentage decreased significantly for DW-earth with a similar water/solid ratio when adding BC, by about 18% and 22% when adding 3% and 8% BC for water content of 35%. In the case of bentonite clay the BC addition has only a positive impact on limiting cracking. The mechanical tests showed that 8% of BC increases the compressive strength of the cylindrical specimens by 28% and 649%, respectively for the DW-earth and bentonite clay, whereas the flexural strength of the prismatic specimens increases by 39% and 556%.
Factors Contributing to Disparities in Visual Acuity Prior To Cataract Surgery: An IRIS® Registry Analysis
Authors: Lorch Alice , Manz Sarah , Gilbert Joshua , Ross Connor , Elze Tobias , Miller Joan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Access to and utilization of cataract surgery varies nationally. The purpose of this study was to characterize sociodemographic factors that predict best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at the time of cataract surgery.
Design:
Retrospective cohort study.
Methods
This is a multicenter study of nearly 2.4M patients ≥ 50 years of age in the national IRIS® (Intelligent Research in Sight) Registry who had ≥ one BCVA measurement six months preceding cataract surgery. Estimating the relationship between race and ethnicity and preoperative BCVA, within and between ophthalmology practices, was the main outcome measure.
Results
Within a practice, preoperative BCVA was approximately 0.05 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) lower for patients identified as White compared to all other racial and ethnic groups (p < 0.002). Uninsured and Medicaid-insured patients had worse preoperative BCVA (1.150, 0.097 logMAR higher, p = 0.006, 0.001, respectively). Between practices, a patient in a practice serving 10 percent more patients identified as Asian, Black, or Hispanic had higher preoperative BCVA, holding constant an individual’s race and ethnicity (0.009, 0.012, 0.014 logMAR higher, respectively, all p = 0.002).
Conclusions
Our results suggest that patients who do not identify as White, uninsured, and Medicaid-insured patients, will have worse vision prior to cataract surgery. Further, we observed that patients seen at practices serving a higher percentage of patients identified as Asian, Black, or Hispanic will have worse preoperative BCVA. These findings highlight the need for initiatives to address disparities in ophthalmic care.
Atranorin is a novel potential candidate drug for treating myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Semenov Konstantin N. , Prokopiev Ilya A. , Petukhova Natalya V. , Kremenetskaya Uliana A. , Senichkina Dina A. , Epifanovskaya Olga S. , Rumiantsev Andrei M. , Andoskin Pavel A. , Ageev Sergei V. , Anufrikov Yurii A. , Zakharov Egor E. , Moiseev Ivan S. , Sharoyko Vladimir V. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This work is devoted to the study of biocompatibility, cyto- and genotoxicity, mechanism of action and prospects for the use of atranorin, which is an AKT kinase inhibitor, for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome. Atranorin was isolated by preparative flash chromatography; identification was carried out by UV, IR, and NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. Biocompatibility studies included studies of haemocompatibility, genotoxicity, antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity against ECV340 and HEK293 cell lines. Computer modelling of the interaction of atranorin with AKT kinase was carried out using docking followed by molecular dynamics of the resulting complexes; the ADMET properties of atranorin were also calculated. Flow cytometry included analysis of the expression level of PD-L1 and TIM-3 in the presence of atranorin on THP-1, Mono-Mac-1 and KG-1 cell lines, as well as human bone marrow cells.
Validation and psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the questionnaire for assessing the childbirth experience (QACE)
Authors: Zhong Xiaoying , Wang Junbang , He Linqian , Li Xixi , Pan Changqing , Peng Lin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background:The aim of this paper was to translate and determine the psychometric properties of the questionnaire for assessing the childbirth experience (QACE) among Chinese postpartum women (C-QACE).
Method:The cross-cultural adaptation process followed Beaton (2000) intercultural debugging guidelines. A total of 235 women were included to test the psychometric properties of the C-QACE. Participants were asked to complete the demographic characteristics form, the C-QACE, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). The psychometric testing of the C-QACE were evaluate through item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, divergent validity and internal consistency reliability.
Results: Item analysis showed that the critical ratios of all items were greater than 3 , and all item-total correlation coefficients were greater than 0.4. The finding of the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed the presence of four components with eigenvalues greater than 1, explaining a total variance of 67.682%. And the scree plot showed it was acceptable to retain four factors (emotional status, relationship with staff, first moments with the new born, and feelings at one month postpartum). In terms of the divergent validity, the QACE subscale and total score were in a significant positive correlations with the EPDS and GAD-7. Regarding the internal consistency reliability, the Cronbach’s alpha of the QACE total score was 0.812, and the subscales was ranging of 0.611 to 0.844.
Conclusion: The Chinese version of QACE is a relevant tool for measuring childbirth experience into the Chinese context with acceptable validity and stability.
Piezo1 reduces inflammation regulatory ability of periodontal ligament cells to decelerate orthodontic tooth movement in response to heavy mechanical force
Authors: Zheng Leilei , Zhu Ye , Meng Xuehuan , Zhai Qiming , Xin Liangjing , Tan Hao , He Xinyi , Li Xiang , Yang Guoyin , Song Jinlin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells exhibit immunoregulatory characteristics and are being explored as promising therapeutic candidates for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). The impact of light or heavy orthodontic mechanical force (MF) on PDL cellular regulatory ability and the modulation of alveolar bone remodeling during OTM is not yet fully understood. Piezo1, a mechanosensitive ion channel, is essential for mediating the conversion in response to MF stimuli. This study aimed to investigate the influence of light and heavy MF on OTM and the consequent remodeling of alveolar bone by altering the immunoregulatory capabilities of PDL cells through Piezo1 modulation. This research represents the initial exploration of the role of Piezo1 activation by either light or heavy MF in the modulation of mitochondrial calcium concentrations through mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes in PDL cells. The study results have validated that heavy MF-induced deregulation of mitochondrial calcium by Piezo1 leads to a decrease in the release of mitochondrial DNA into the cytoplasm, thereby inhibiting the cGAS-STING pathway activation. Inhibition of the cGAS-STING pathway leads to a decrease in the immunoregulatory capacity of PDL cells during OTM, resulting in reduced osteoclast remodeling and deceleration of rat and sting−/− OTM model. The cumulative findings of this study indicate that manipulating the immunoregulatory ability of PDL cells via Piezo1 could potentially offer an effective strategy to shorten the duration of orthodontic treatment.
A novel nomogram to predict the impact of polymorphism and plasma level of Mfn2 on risk of ischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Naman Tuersunjiang , Aimaier Salamaiti , Abudourexiti Muyashaer , Abuduhalike Refukaiti , Sun Juan , Mahemuti Ailiman 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
In this study, we aimed to investigate the relation of polymorphism as well as plasma level of Mitofusion2(Mfn2) and occurrence of ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), then develop a predictive model which can predict the risk of ICM.
Methods
A total of 2052 participants were included in this study. These participants were randomly assigned to the training group [n = 1412 (70%)] and the validation group [n = 640 (30%)]. Univariable analysis was performed in the training group. Then, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model were adopted, then, a multivariable logistic regression was performed to build the predictive model. We then constructed a nomogram incorporating the variables regarded as independent predictive factors using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Evaluated the model by Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration plot and decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results
The independent predicting factors incorporated into this nomogram were age, hemoglobin concentration, diabetes, ejection fraction, left-ventricular diastolic-end diameter, plasma Mfn2 concentration, and mutation in rs1042842 and rs2295281. Our constructed nomogram displayed favorable discrimination ability, Besides, the Hosmer–Lemshow test suggested that the model exhibited good consistency (P training group = 0.2655; P validation group = 0.3315). DCA revealed that our constructed ICM nomogram showed clinical benefits.
Conclusions
The plasma level of Mfn2 is a protective factor of ICM. Mutations of rs1042842 and rs2295281 are risk factors for ICM.
Relationship between bone metabolic markers and bone mineral density in natural postmenopausal women
Authors: Li Guohua , Abudushalamu Muyashaer , Muheremu Aikeremujiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the relationship between bone metabolic markers and bone mineral density (BMD) in natural postmenopausal women more than 2 years after menopause.
Methods: A total of 147 women aged 45-72 years who had undergone natural menopause for more than 2 years were selected. Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to scan the standard BMD of the lumbar spine and hip. Fasting venous blood was collected in the morning to detect serum bone metabolism markers like amino-terminal pro-peptide of type Ⅰ pro-collagen (PINP) and β-collagen degradation products (β-CTX). According to BMD the patients were divided into normal bone mass group, osteopenia group and osteoporosis group. The differences of PINP and β-CTX among the three groups were compared. The correlation between PINP, β-CTX and general data was analyzed. The correlation between lumbar BMD, hip BMD and each variable; Correlation between β-CTX and P1NP, lumbar spine BMD and hip BMD.
Results: P1NP had no significant difference among the three groups. PINP and β-CTX were not correlated with age, menopausal age, height, weight, BMI and glycosylated hemoglobin (P > 0.05). Lumbar spine BMD was correlated with age, menopausal age, height, weight and BMI (P < 0. 05), but not with Hba1c, PINP and β-CTX. Hip BMD was correlated with menopausal age, height, weight, BMI and β-CTX (P < 0. 05), but not with age, Hba1c and P1NP. 05), and lumbar BMD was correlated with hip BMD (P < 0. 05).
Conclusion: Bone resorption and bone formation are in a state of high metabolism, and osteoporosis patients may lose bone mass faster. Bone mineral density is better than PINP and β-CTX in reflecting bone mass.
Development and Validation of a dynamic online nomogram predicting acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Tu Huilan , Su Junwei , Gong Kai , Li Zhiwei , Yu Xia , Xu Xianbin , Shi Yu , Sheng Jifang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to develop a tool for predicting the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients with cirrhosis.
Methods: Eligible patients with cirrhosis were identified from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care database. Demographic data, laboratory examinations, and interventions were obtained. After splitting the population into training and validation cohorts, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model was used to select factors and construct the dynamic online nomogram. Calibration and discrimination were used to assess nomogram performance, and clinical utility was evaluated by decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results: A total of 1282 patients were included in the analysis, and 773 developed AKI. The mean arterial pressure, urine volume, white blood cell count, total bilirubin level, and Glasgow Coma Score were identified as predictors of AKI. The developed model had a good ability to differentiate AKI from non-AKI, with AUCs of 0.796 and 0.782 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. Moreover, the nomogram model showed good calibration. DCA showed that the nomogram had a superior overall net benefit within wide and practical ranges of threshold probabilities.
Conclusions: The dynamic online nomogram can be an easy-to-use tool for predicting the individualized risk of AKI in critically ill patients with cirrhosis.
Evaluation of a new method of selective dry cow treatment using microbiological culture and antibiogram results
Authors: Navaei Hossein , Vojgani Mehdi , Khoramian Babak , Akbarinejad Vahid , Gharagozloo Faramarz , Garoussi Massoud Talebkhan , Momeni Amir 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Due to financial issues and the rise in antimicrobial resistance, updating dry cow therapy (DCT) methods is still being researched by scientists worldwide. This investigation aimed to evaluate a new method of selective treatment by choosing an appropriate dry ointment for each cow based on the individual culture and antibiogram results and examining its effects on clinical and subclinical mastitis indices, cure rate, new infection rate, and milk yield during the first 30 days in milk (DIM).
Results: For this research, a total of 291 Holstein dairy cows were selected from three herds. These cows had a somatic cell count (SCC) > 200,000 (cells/mL) just before the dry period, had positive composite milk culture results, and were gradually dried over five days. The milk samples were taken before dry-off and on the first day after parturition (1 DIM), as well as 3 days before dry-off and between 3 and 7 days postpartum to evaluate SCC. The cows were randomly divided into two groups of control (n = 151) and treatment (n = 140). The control group included cows that were treated with dry cow ointment regardless of the pathogens involved in mammary infection, and the treatment group contained cows that received DCT ointment based on the type of pathogen isolated during culture and the antibiogram results before dry-off. The results revealed that the cure rate in the treatment group was significantly better than in the control group (P = 0.0006). In addition, the rate of new intramammary infections (IMI, P = 0.0006) and the rate of clinical mastitis (P = 0.015) decreased in the first 30 DIM in the treatment group. Nevertheless, SCC and milk yield at the onset of the subsequent lactation did not differ significantly between the control and treatment groups (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: According to the findings of our study, based on individual milk culture and antibiogram results, selectively treating cows with appropriate dry ointments had significant benefits for increasing the cure rate of pathogens, lowering the incidence of new IMIs, and minimizing the risk of clinical mastitis in the first 30 DIM.
Optimization Method for Control Panel Layout of Manned Submarine Vehicle Based on Genetic-Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Xie Ning , Qiao Yidan , Shi Hongqi , Chen Dengkai 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In traditional computer-aided design methods for manned submersible control panel layout, interactive input and modification are commonly used, which can’t support a global optimization process for the design layout. Therefore, the genetic-ant algorithm is introduced into the design of manned submersible control panel layouts. Based on the cognitive characteristics of humans, layout optimization principles are summarized and incorporated into the objective function variables during the optimization process. The fitness function, pheromone, and heuristic information expressions for optimizing the control panel layout of manned submersibles are studied to establish the genetic-ant algorithm flow for use in the optimization design process. Taking the control panel layout design of a certain type of manned submersible as an example, multi-objective optimization calculations are performed to quantify the layout principles and combine them with the algorithm, thus verifying the feasibility of the proposed method.
Effectiveness of Multimedia Education on the Childbearing Intention in One-Child Women: A Field Trial Study
Authors: Amini Leila , Jabbari Saber , Haghani Shima , Aghazadeh Nasrin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: childbearing is a key component of population movements and sustainable development in low-fertility nations. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the impact of multimedia education on the childbearing intention in One-child women of Maragheh city in 2023.
Method: In this intervention study in Maragheh in 2023, 94 women with one child were randomly selected and placed in two intervention and control groups. Before the intervention, people were examined using demographic information and Miller's questionnaire of desire to have children. Then, For the intervention group, three 60-minute multimedia training videos were shown in person for three weeks, and the control group did not receive any training. The data were collected using the researcher's demographic questionnaire and Miller's childbearing questionnaire in three stages before the intervention, immediately after and six weeks after the intervention. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 16 software.
Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the average score of desire to have children and demographic variables (p>0.05). Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of the demographic characteristics of the subjects and the average score of women's willingness to have children in the positive and negative dimensions. While after the multimedia educational intervention, the average score of desire to have children in positive and negative dimensions, immediately after the intervention and six weeks after the intervention, had a significant difference compared to before the intervention (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The findings of the study showed that carrying out multimedia educational interventions to single-child women can have a positive effect on their desire to have children. It seems that the implementation of such programs is effective in the conscious decision of families to have children and ultimately increases the intention of the individual to carry out the behavior.
Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20230227057549N1. Date of registration: 16/04/2023. URL: https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/
Predicting dementia progression with fully connected cascade neural networks
Authors: Akbarifar Ahmad , Maghsoudpour Adel , Mohammadian Fatemeh , Mohammadzaheri Morteza , Ghaemi Omid 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Accurate and timely diagnosis of dementia progression remains a major global challenge due to the complexities of brain pathology and the lack of definitive biomarkers. This study presents a pioneering fully connected cascade (FCC) neural network model that leverages cost-effective lifestyle and neuroimaging data to predict dementia progression with remarkable accuracy. The model uniquely integrates 42 lifestyle factors for brain health (LIBRA) and 7 brain atrophy and lesion indice (BALI) derived from baseline MRI data as inputs, to predict sensitive diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) biomarkers of white matter degeneration. Remarkably, the FCC network achieved a mean squared error of 0.0071693 in predicting DTI metrics, demonstrating exceptional predictive capability. This multidisciplinary data-driven approach capitalizes on the model's ability to detect subtle yet informative changes in brain structure and function through advanced neuroimaging. By amalgamating multidomain lifestyle and neuroimaging data, the proposed model enhances diagnostic value and sensitivity to dementia pathology. Its high accuracy, scalability with large datasets, clinical interpretability, and cost-effectiveness make it a powerful computational tool for early prediction, monitoring, and personalized treatment planning in dementia care. This groundbreaking research exemplifies the transformative potential of artificial intelligence in tackling the global dementia burden, paving the way for improved patient outcomes and reduced healthcare costs.