bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on road surface crack detection based on SegNet network
Authors: Guo Cunge , Gao Wenqi , Zhou Dongmei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract To enhance the precision and reliability of road crack detection, this study introduces an innovative neural network architecture. Strategies were implemented to effectively address the issue of overfitting resulting from the intricacy of the proposed SegCrackNet. Dropout layers, multi-level output fusion, and T-bridge block structures are employed in the network. This optimization allows for a more comprehensive exploitation of contextual information, demonstrating its instrumental role in the efficient detection of subtle variations. Experimental findings clearly demonstrate substantial improvements when compared to other network models. On the Crack500, Crack200, and pavement images datasets, remarkable enhancements in the average Intersection over Union (IoU) scores were observed, with increases of 4.3%, 9.4%, and 3.7%, respectively.
Mutational Analysis of Circulating Tumor DNA in Patients With Estrogen Receptor–Positive/Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Negative Advanced Breast Cancer Receiving Palbociclib: Results From the TREnd Trial
Authors: Migliaccio Ilenia , Romagnoli Dario , Galardi Francesca , De Luca Francesca , Biagioni Chiara , Curigliano Giuseppe , Criscitiello Carmen , Minisini Alessandro Marco , Moretti Erica , Risi Emanuela , Guarducci Cristina , Nardone Agostina , Biganzoli Laura , Benelli Matteo , Malorni Luca 
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE To identify prognostic circulating biomarkers to cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i), we performed a mutational analysis on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) samples from patients included in the TREnd trial, which randomly assigned patients to receive the CDK4/6i palbociclib alone or with the endocrine treatment (ET) to which they had progressed. METHODS Forty-six patients were enrolled in this substudy. Plasma was collected before treatment (T0), after the first cycle of therapy (T1), and at the time of progression (T2). ctDNA hybridization and capture were performed using the Illumina TruSight Tumor 170 Kit. Acquired mutations were confirmed by digital polymerase chain reaction. Progression-free survival analysis was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with the log-rank test. RESULTS The most frequently mutated genes at T0 were ESR1 (23%), PIK3CA (17%), AR, FGFR2, and TP53 (10%). Mutations in ESR1 at T0 conferred higher risk of progression in the entire population ( P = .02) and in patients treated with palbociclib + ET ( P = .04). ESR1 mutation effect remained significant after correction for clinical variables ( P = .03). PIK3CA mutations at T0 were not prognostic, but higher risk of progression was observed when a broader analysis of PI3K pathway was performed ( P = .04). At T2, we observed the emergence of nine new mutations in seven genes. CONCLUSION Mutations in ESR1 and in PI3K pathway genes at T0 were associated with worse prognosis in palbociclib-treated patients. We describe the emergence of newly acquired mutations in palbociclib-treated patients, which might potentially affect subsequent treatment.
Type 2 Diabetes Risk After Gestational Diabetes According to Country/Region of Origin: A Nationwide Register-based Study
Authors: Nielsen Helene , Windolf-Nielsen Anne , Scheuer Stine H , Damm Peter , Nybo Andersen Anne-Marie , Andersen Gregers Stig , Kragelund Nielsen Karoline 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Context
The risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) differs between the Danish population and several migrant groups. However, it is unclear if the incidence and timing of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) following GDM vary similarly.

Objective
This work aimed to investigate the incidence of T2DM according to migration background based on country/region of origin among women with a previous GDM diagnosis and to explore the role of time since GDM diagnosis on the association.

Method
Using nationwide registry data, we followed women diagnosed with GDM in Denmark during 2004 to 2018 to December 31, 2020. Poisson regression models were used to estimate incidence rates (IRs) of T2DM according to country/region of origin, adjusted for age, education, and body mass index.

Results
The study included 20 873 women with a GDM diagnosis, of whom 22.3% were of migrant background and 77.7% were Danish. The mean follow-up time was 7.3 years, and 10.9% were registered with T2DM during the study period. Generally, migrant women had higher IRs of T2DM compared to Danish women, with substantial variations in risk between migrant groups. Women from Pakistan and Sri Lanka had 3 to 4 times higher IRs compared to Danish women. The timing of T2DM onset also varied, with women from Sri Lanka and Pakistan having an earlier onset of T2DM compared to other migrant and Danish women.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that country/region of origin is an important risk factor for T2DM in women with GDM. These findings underscore the importance of prevention programs targeting women with GDM and a high-risk origin.
“Every Planter Has Become an Enlightened Politician”
Authors: Christie Nancy , Gauvreau Michael 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Despite much scholarship on the plantation economy, little attention has been paid to planter political rhetoric in colonial Haiti. By analyzing planter petitions, several lawsuits, and the colonial doléances of 1788–89, this article shows how landed proprietors harnessed natural rights jurisprudence and, in particular, Lockian ideas regarding the sacred right of private property. They argued for a set of collective rights both for planters as a group and for the colony as a whole. This was done to undermine the notion that enslaved people, as human beings, constituted a special form of property and thus to assert planters' absolute sovereignty to manumit their slaves at will. This idea was transposed into a claim that only the colony, not the metropole, could determine the timing of slave emancipation. Planters articulated a concept of liberalism that stood at odds with the universalist claims of equality inspired by the French Revolution.
Entre espace public et mondes privés
Authors: Lancereau Guillaume 
Published: March 2024

Précis
Dans la lignée de travaux récents sur l'histoire des masculinités scientifiques et l'histoire sociale et culturelle des intellectuels, cet article propose une relecture des origines de la discipline historique centrée sur la partition entre espace public, monde privé et sphère professionnelle. Dès les années 1870, les ambitions nouvelles de l'histoire-science redéfinirent en profondeur la persona savante, l’épistémologie disciplinaire et l'identité collective des historiens. Ce tournant scientifique favorisa l'institution d'un monde d'entre-soi professionnel et masculin, précipitant ainsi la rupture avec le « grand public » profane, dont les femmes étaient l'incarnation la plus immédiate. En parallèle, ces chercheurs assignaient à l'histoire, « école du citoyen », d'importantes fonctions morales et civiques. Ainsi s'explique le discrédit jeté, en des termes charriant un profond imaginaire de genre, sur les travaux jugés trop étroitement érudits ou sur la « petite histoire », anecdotique et littéraire. Cet article met enfin en lumière la sphère privée des historiens, en insistant sur l’économie domestique du travail historiographique déployée au sein de l'espace du couple. Ces principes de vision et de division des mondes historiens ne manquent pas de générer des échos éminemment actuels, qui demeurent des objets de réflexivité collective pour la discipline d'aujourd'hui.
Family Fat Talk Questionnaire – Polish adaptation
Authors: Ziółkowska Beata , Łoboda Dorota , Dąbrowska Aleksandra , Szrajda Justyna 
Published: March 2024

Cel pracyCiało odgrywa istotną rolę w procesie kształtowania poczucia własnej wartości, zwłaszcza u osób w stadium adolescencji. Celem badań własnych była adaptacja samoopisowego narzędzia Family Fat Talk Questionnaire (FFTQ) Mc Donald i zespołu.MetodaBadaniem objęto 391 osób na przełomie późnej adolescencji i wczesnej dorosłości. Zastosowano: 1) ankietę osobową – celem kontrolowania zmiennych ubocznych, 2) Family Fat Talk Questionnaire w polskiej wersji językowej (FFTQ-PL) oraz 3) Kwestionariusz wizerunku ciała (KWCO) A. Głębockiej, dla sprawdzenia trafności zewnętrznej. Badania prowadzono online od grudnia 2022 do lutego 2023.WynikiWyniki badań wskazują, że FFTQ-PL ma zadowalającą rzetelność, trafność zewnętrzną, a jego dwuczynnikowa konstrukcja (czynnik 1. – „Ja”; czynnik 2. – „Rodzina”) potwierdziła się. Odnotowano ponadto, że większe natężenie rodzinnego fat talk występuje u kobiet niż u mężczyzn; (najwyższy wynik w FFTQ-PL uzyskały osoby identyfikujące się jako „inna płeć”, jednak z uwagi na niską liczebność tej podgrupy, obserwację tę należy traktować z dużą ostrożnością). Udowodniono też, że wysoki wynik w zakresie rodzinnego fat talk mierzony FFTQ-PL współistnieje z wysoką wartością wskaźnika masy ciała (BMI), z większą różnicą w zakresie masy ciała realnej i idealnej, z większym poczuciem bycia grubym, mniejszym poczuciem atrakcyjności i większym przekonaniem, że myślenie o własnym ciele wynika ze stosunku rodziny i bliskich do cielesności.WnioskiMiarę tę warto wykorzystać w badaniach przesiewowych do identyfikowania osób – szczególnie adolescentów – angażujących się w autodewaluujące konwersacje na gruncie rodziny. Okazuje się bowiem, że fat talk, szczególnie w przypadku osób o negatywnym obrazie własnego ciała, może stać się czynnikiem ryzyka dla podejmowania ryzykownych praktyk związanych z jedzeniem.
Inefficient Forecasts at the Sportsbook: An Analysis of Real-Time Betting Line Movement
Authors: Simon Jay 
Published: March 2024

This paper tests the efficiency of a set of sports betting markets using detailed betting line movement from opening until closing for four different sportsbooks for each of 3,681 Major League Baseball games. The reliability of the markets’ forecasts are assessed at several lead times. The forecasts are mostly reliable, but there are simple betting strategies that would have yielded significant profit. In addition, forecasts do not always improve monotonically as the games get closer, despite more information being available; forecasts at weekend day games’ start times are significantly worse than forecasts 90 minutes earlier. Furthermore, analysis of the sequences of forecasts within individual games reveals that these betting markets do not incorporate information optimally. There is sufficient evidence to reject weak form market efficiency; specifically, betting lines tend to overreact, exhibiting significant negatively autocorrelated changes that could be exploited by sophisticated bettors. This paper was accepted by Manel Baucells, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.00456 .
A multidisciplinary diagnostic centre for early detection of cancer in patients with non-specific symptoms: a service evaluation
Authors: Jordon Louise H , Kumar Ritesh , Coles Rebecca , Deacon Julie , Win Thida 
Published: March 2024

Background/Aims Symptoms of malignancy are often vague and non-specific, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. The multidisciplinary diagnostic centre was established in 2017 to facilitate the shortest and safest route to detecting cancer in such cases. This study aimed to evaluate the service model and work towards a business case for more widespread adoption of the multidisciplinary diagnostic centre service. Methods Data from all patients managed by the service from 2017–21 were collected contemporaneously. After 51 months, service data were examined against the aims of the service, focusing on patient demographic characteristics, main reasons for referral, main diagnostic tests performed, patient outcomes and time from referral to discharge. Results Between 2 February 2017 and 30 April 2021, 899 patients were referred to the centre. Weight loss was the most common reason for referral. During this period, 96 (10.7%) patients were diagnosed with a cancer. Of these diagnoses, 42.9% were made within 28 days of referral, improving to 60.6% in the final year of the service evaluation. Conclusions The multidisciplinary diagnostic centre demonstrates the importance and potential of having a dedicated referral pathway for patients presenting with vague, concerning symptoms.
Investigation of the effect of goal-oriented dance movement therapy on depressive symptoms in people with schizophrenia: a rater-blinded randomised controlled study
Authors: Gökcen Arif , Ekici Gamze , Bağcı Etkin , Şen Duygu Tiryaki 
Published: March 2024

Background/Aims Depression is a common symptom in schizophrenia and can negatively affect treatment. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of goal‑oriented dance or movement therapy on depressive symptoms in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods The study was designed as a randomised controlled rater‑blinded study, in which 32 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to either the intervention (dance movement therapy) group or control group. The intervention consisted of twice‑weekly goal‑oriented dance movement therapy sessions, with each session lasting approximately 40–50 minutes, for a total of 8 weeks. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia. Results The depressive symptoms before and after the intervention were compared. No significant differences between groups were observed at baseline. There was no change in the control group, whereas a significant improvement on depressive symptoms was observed in the total Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia score in the dance movement therapy group after the intervention. Conclusions Goal‑oriented dance movement therapy is an effective treatment for the depressive symptoms in schizophrenia patients in addition to conventional treatments. Although the results are favourable, further studies are needed to test its effectiveness. Implications for practice In the traditional treatment of schizophrenia, it is important to evaluate depression and support the treatment with approaches such as dance movement therapy.
Reliability and validity of a smartphone goniometer application for measuring the quadriceps angle in healthy women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Aafreen Aafreen , Khan Ashfaque , Khan Abdur Raheem , Ahmad Ausaf , Parween Saba , Maurya Neeraj Kumar , Alshehri Mohammed M , Shaphe Mohammad Abu , Ahmed Hashim , Mirza Hadia 
Published: March 2024

Background/Aims The quadriceps angle, which depicts the quadriceps muscle's mechanical effect on the knee, is frequently used as an assessment metric when diagnosing a variety of knee-related issues. Smartphone goniometer applications have clinical assessment capabilities that can be used instead of the universal goniometer. The aim of this study was to analyse the criterion validity and inter- and intra-rater reliability of a smartphone goniometer application for measuring the quadriceps angle. Methods A total of 50 typically healthy women were included in this study. The quadriceps angle was evaluated with the universal goniometer as the gold standard and the Angulus smartphone goniometer application on each participant. The intraclass correlation coefficient and 95% confidence intervals were used to analyse reliability, while the standard error of the mean was used to calculate precision. Bland-Altman plots and 95% limits of agreement were used to establish the levels of agreement between the smartphone goniometer application and the universal goniometer. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to quantify the smartphone goniometer application criterion validity in comparison to the universal goniometer. Results The smartphone goniometer application had good intra-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.99; 95% confidence interval 0.96–1) and inter-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.98; 95% confidence interval 0.94–1). A strong and significant correlation was found between the universal goniometer and the smartphone goniometer application, showing good criterion validity (r=0.99; 95% confidence interval 0.98–0.99; P=0.006). Conclusions The use of the smartphone goniometer application to measure the quadriceps angle was valid and demonstrated excellent intra- and inter-rater reliability levels. Implications for practice The smartphone goniometer application can be used in clinical practice as a valid and reliable quadriceps angle measurement tool.
Occupation-based intervention for instrumental activities of daily living in people with disabilities: a single-blinded randomised controlled trial
Authors: Akyurek Gokcen , Aydoner Selen , Ceyhan Irem 
Published: March 2024

Background/Aims Instrumental activities of daily living are meaningful and purposeful activities that contribute meaning to people's lives and reflect their values and cultures in the community. This study investigated the effects of an occupation-based intervention for instrumental activities of daily living on stress levels, quality of life, and participation in instrumental activities of daily living in people with disabilities. Methods A total of 18 people with different types of disabilities (intervention group n=9, control group n=9) were recruited. The occupation-based intervention took place in 45-minute sessions, with a total of 16 sessions held twice a week for 8 weeks. The measurement tools used were the Lawton–Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale and the Waisman Activities of Daily Living Scale to evaluate activities of daily living, the Mini-Mental State Examination to examine cognitive status, the 36-item Short Form Survey questionnaire to assess quality of life, the Perceived Stress Scale to examine stress level, and the Community Integration Questionnaire to evaluate participation in the community were used. Results After 8 weeks, there were significant improvements in performance and participation in instrumental activities of daily living, stress and quality of life in the intervention group intervention group had significant increases in instrumental activities of daily living (z=−2.6, P=0.008), vitality (z=−0.5, P=0.041), role emotional (z=−2.7, P=0.008), role physical (z=−2.3, P=0.020), general health (z=−3.3, P=0.001) and participation (z=−1.3, P=0.023). There were also significant reductions in stress (z=−2.8, P=0.005) and bodily pain (z=−3.2, P=0.001) scores compared to the control group Conclusions The occupation-based intervention reduced the stress levels of people with a range of disabilities and increased their ability to perform activities of daily living], participation in activities of daily living and improved their quality of life. Implications for practice Occupational therapists could use occupation-based interventions to reduce the stress levels of people with disabilities and increase their performance and participation in activities of daily living and improve their quality of life.
Cardiac function may be compromised in patients with elevated blood cobalt levels secondary to metal-on-metal hip implants
Authors: Jenkinson Mark R. J. , Meek Dominic R. M. , Tate Rothwelle , Brady Adrian , MacMillan Sandy , Grant Helen , Currie Susan 
Published: March 2024

AimsElevated blood cobalt levels secondary to metal-on-metal (MoM) hip arthroplasties are a suggested risk factor for developing cardiovascular complications including cardiomyopathy. Clinical studies assessing patients with MoM hips using left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) have found conflicting evidence of cobalt-induced cardiomyopathy. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) is an echocardiography measurement known to be more sensitive than LVEF when diagnosing early cardiomyopathies. The extent of cardiovascular injury, as measured by GLS, in patients with elevated blood cobalt levels has not previously been examined.MethodsA total of 16 patients with documented blood cobalt ion levels above 13 µg/l (13 ppb, 221 nmol/l) were identified from a regional arthroplasty database. They were matched with eight patients awaiting hip arthroplasty. All patients underwent echocardiography, including GLS, investigating potential signs of cardiomyopathy.ResultsPatients with MoM hip arthroplasties had a mean blood cobalt level of 29 µg/l (495 nmol/l) compared to 0.01 µg/l (0.2 nmol/l) in the control group. GLS readings were available for seven of the MoM cohort, and were significantly lower when compared with controls (-15.5% vs -18% (MoM vs control); p = 0.025)). Pearson correlation demonstrated that GLS significantly correlated with blood cobalt level (r = 0.8521; p < 0.001). However, there were no differences or correlations for other echocardiography measurements, including LVEF (64.3% vs 63.7% (MoM vs control); p = 0.845).ConclusionThis study supports the hypothesis that patients with elevated blood cobalt levels above 13 µg/l in the presence of a MoM hip implant may have impaired cardiac function compared to a control group of patients awaiting hip arthroplasty. It is the first study to use the more sensitive parameter of GLS to assess for any cardiac contractile dysfunction in patients with a MoM hip implant and a normal LVEF. Larger studies should be performed to determine the potential of GLS as a predictor of cardiac complications in patients with MoM arthroplasties.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(3 Supple A):51–58.
Survival of cemented short Exeter femoral components in primary total hip arthroplasty
Authors: van Veghel Mirthe H. W. , van der Koelen Remy E. , Hannink Gerjon , Schreurs B. W. , Rijnen Wim H. C. 
Published: March 2024

AimsThe aim of this study was to report the long-term follow-up of cemented short Exeter femoral components when used in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA).MethodsWe included all primary 394 THAs with a cemented short Exeter femoral component (≤ 125 mm) used in our tertiary referral centre between October 1993 and December 2021. A total of 83 patients (21%) were male. The median age of the patients at the time of surgery was 42 years (interquartile range (IQR) 30 to 55). The main indication for THA was a childhood hip disease (202; 51%). The median follow-up was 6.7 years (IQR 3.1 to 11.0). Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed to determine the rates of survival with femoral revision for any indication, for septic loosening, for fracture of the femoral component and for aseptic loosening as endpoints. The indications for revision were evaluated. Fractures of the femoral component were described in detail.ResultsThe 20-year rate of survival was 85.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 73.9 to 92.0) with revision for any indication, 96.2% (95% CI 90.5 to 98.5) with revision for septic loosening and 92.7% (95% CI 78.5 to 97.6) with revision for fracture of the femoral component. No femoral components were revised for aseptic loosening. There were 21 revisions of the femoral component; most (seven) as part of a two-stage management of infection. Fracture of the femoral component occurred in four THAs (1.0%) at 6.6, 11.6, 16.5, and 18.2 years of follow-up, respectively. Three of these were transverse fractures and occurred at the level of the lesser trochanter. In one THA, there was a fracture of the neck of the component.ConclusionTHAs using cemented short Exeter femoral components showed acceptable rates of survival of the femoral component at long-term follow-up, in this young cohort of patients. Although fracture is a rare complication of these components, surgeons should be aware of their incidence and possible risk factors.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(3 Supple A):137–142.