bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatocellular Glycogen in Alleviation of Liver Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury During Partial Hepatectomy
Authors: Tang LiJun , Tian FuZhou , Tao Wang , Cui JianFeng 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBackgroundTemporary occlusion of liver blood supply for complex liver operation is common in liver surgery. However, hepatic vascular occlusion will undoubtedly impair liver function. This study was designed to elucidate the effect of hepatocellular glycogen in alleviation of liver ischemia‐reperfusion injury during hepatic vascular occlusion for partial hepatectomy.MethodsFifty‐seven patients were randomly divided into an experimental group (n = 29) and a control group (n = 28). In the experimental group, patients were given high‐concentration glucose intravenously during 24 h before the operation. The hepatic lesion was resected after portal triad clamping in the two groups. Noncancer liver tissue was biopsied to measure hepatic tissue ATP content and change of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Liver function of all patients was assessed by using an automatic biochemical analysis apparatus before the operation and the first and fifth days after operation.ResultsThe mean hepatic vascular occlusion time in the experimental group was 19.21 ± 4.54 min and in the control group it was 21.04 ± 5.11 min. Hepatic tissue ATP content of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group at the end of hepatic vascular occlusion (2.15 ± 0.39 μmol/g wet tissue vs. 1.33 ± 0.44, p < 0.01) and at the point of 1‐h reperfusion (2.19 ± 0.29 μmol/g wet tissue vs. 1.57 ± 0.35, p < 0.01). There was significant difference in SOD activity between the two groups at the end of hepatic vascular occlusion (130.69 ± 30.49 NU/mg pr vs. 97.83 ± 26.23, p < 0.01) and at the point of 1‐h reperfusion (139.55 ± 39.88 NU/mg pr vs. 114.74 ± 25.93, p < 0.01). Significant difference was shown in MDA content between the two groups at the end of hepatic vascular occlusion (3.02 ± 0.30 nmol/mg pr vs. 3.99 ± 0.49, p < 0.01) and at the point of 1‐h reperfusion (3.81 ± 0.69 nmol/mg pr vs. 5.75 ± 1.17, p < 0.01). In addition, the liver function of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group the first and fifth days after the operation (p < 0.01).ConclusionsAbundant intracellular glycogen may reduce liver ischemia‐reperfusion injury caused by hepatic vascular occlusion. It is beneficial to give a large amount of glucose before a complex liver operation during which temporary occlusion of hepatic blood flow is necessary.
Surgical Treatment of Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism: The Choice of Procedure Matters!
Authors: Schlosser Katja , Endres Nadine , Celik Ilhan , Fendrich Volker , Rothmund M. , Fernández E. Domínguez 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBackgroundParathyroid surgery (PTX) in patients with tertiary hyperparathyroidism (tHPT) may endanger the long‐term survival of transplanted renal grafts. The mechanism by which graft function deteriorates is unknown. We reviewed our experience in regard to the operative procedures and postoperative outcome.MethodsSixty‐nine patients were operated on for tHPT between 1987 and 2006 at our institution. Serum (s) calcium, s‐creatinine, and levels of intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) were measured before and after PTX. The Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation was used to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR).ResultsThe entire patient group developed a deterioration of kidney graft function after PTX. Nineteen of 69 patients developed a decrease in GFR of more than 20% during the hospital stay, persisting for more than one year after PTX. Ten of them had to restart dialysis during the first year after PTX. Mean preoperative s‐creatinine was 4.4 ± 0.6 mg/dl in these patients. When divided according to the surgical procedure performed, only the subgroup who underwent total parathyroidectomy showed a significant worsening of graft function when compared to subtotal or reoperative PTX.ConclusionsPTX is an efficient way to treat tHPT but represents a risk for impairing graft function, especially for patients that already demonstrate poor kidney function at the time of surgery. In the aim to prevent transient hypoparathyroidism, which may provoke reduced graft perfusion, as one possible cause of kidney graft deterioration associated with PTX, one should consider subtotal instead of total parathyroidectomy.
Extramammary Paget’s Disease in Chinese Males: A 21‐year Experience
Authors: Chiu Tor W. , Wong Pauline S. Y. , Ahmed Kawser , Lam Stephanie C. K. , Ying Shun Y. , Burd Andrew 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBackgroundExtramammary Paget’s disease (EMPD) is a rare disease in Chinese males. Our objectives were to examine the results of our experience, to correlate them with the published literature, and thus to formulate improved management guidelines.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of all male patients with EMPD treated at our institution. We reviewed the patients and their case notes for data such as presenting symptoms, delay to diagnosis, incidence of concurrent malignancies, treatments given, and a variety of outcome measures, including the number of patients with recurrent or residual disease.ResultsThe overall recurrence rate was 35%. The risk of recurrence was reduced if intraoperative frozen section analysis was used (25%) compared to simple wide local excision (60%). Wide local excision failed to excise the disease completely in 38%. There were no associated internal malignancies and no disease‐related deaths in our sample.ConclusionsWe recommend intraoperative frozen sections to reduce the risk of incomplete resection and to reduce the rate of recurrence. In our population, screening for internal malignancies can be restricted to select patients, e.g., those with perianal disease, those with invasive disease, and young patients.
Effects of a multimodal activation program (SimA-P) in residents of nursing homes
Authors: Oswald W. D. , Gunzelmann T. , Ackermann A. 
Published: July 2007

Abstract
Is it possible to maintain or even enhance functional and cognitive independence in residents of nursing homes? Little is known about the potentials and limits of therapeutic methods designed to maintain independence in elderly people already in need of residential nursing care. The aim of the “Rehabilitation in Nursing Homes” research project was to determine the practicability and effectiveness of a rehabilitative approach targeting residents of nursing homes. The main objectives of the activation program were to maintain and enhance residents’ cognitive and functional autonomy. Data on psychological, functional, and medical variables were obtained from a sample of 294 nursing home residents (age range = 70–99 years) at three points of measurement over a 12-month period. The intervention approach draws on the theoretical and practical findings of the SimA Study (“Bedingungen der Erhaltung und Förderung von Selbstständigkeit im höheren Lebensalter,” “conditions on maintaining and supporting independent living in old age”; Oswald et al., Z. Gerontopsychol. Psychiatr., 15:61–84, 2002, Z. Gerontopsychol. Psychiatr., 15:13–31, 2002) and incorporates the results of recent therapeutic and rehabilitative studies in the fields of geriatrics and gerontopsychiatry. The intervention involves a combined program of cognitive and physical activation. An alternative program based on biographical information was designed specifically for residents with dementia. Results show that the intervention had significant effects on cognitive and functional parameters. Moreover, transfer effects were observed with respect to activities of daily living and frequency of falls.
Supplementation with Commercial Mixtures of Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Association with Vitamin E and the Process of Lipid Autoxidation in Rats
Authors: Santos‐Zago Lilia Ferreira , Botelho Adriana Prais , de Oliveira Admar Costa 
Published: July 2007

AbstractCLA has been studied for its beneficial effects on health. However, the possibility of adverse effects, such as increased oxidative stress, must also be considered. The present work aims to assess the effect of CLA supplementation on the process of lipid autoxidation, both in the presence and in absence of an antioxidant. The investigation consisted in a biological assay with 60 rats divided into six groups: C (control), CE (control + vitamin E), AE (AdvantEdge®CLA), AEE (AdvantEdge®CLA + Vitamin E), CO (CLA One®) and COE (CLA One® + vitamin E). The CLA amount was 2% of feed consumption. Animals were supplemented for 42 days. As indicators of lipid autoxidation, peroxide (IP), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8‐iso‐PGF2α isoprostane and catalase were determined. Hepatic IP results indicated that CLA increased oxidation: values for CLA‐supplemented groups, particularly group CO (84.38 ± 10.97 mequiv/kg), were higher than those of the control group (54.75 ± 9.70 mequiv/kg). In contrast, serum MDA results showed that CLA reduces oxidation both for group AE (1.8 ± 0.67 mg of MDA/l) and for group CO (2.43 ± 0.61 mg of MDA/l) as compared to the control group (3.85 ± 0.24 mg of MDA/l). Serum catalase indicated a reduction of oxidation: groups AE and CO displayed 4734.23 ± 1078.93 kU/l and 5916.06 ± 2490.71 kU/l, respectively. These values are significantly lower than those of the control group. An increase in 8‐iso‐PGF2α in urine was observed, particularly in group AE (95.13 ± 20.26 pg/ml) as compared to the control group (69.46 ± 16.65 pg/ml). It was concluded that the influence of CLA on lipid autoxidation is dependent on supplement type, supplement dosage and chosen indicator, including its tissue and determination methodology.
Levosimendan allows detection of contractile reserve in patients with chronic ischaemic left ventricular dysfunction and non‐diagnostic dobutamine echocardiography
Authors: Cianfrocca Cinzia , Pelliccia Francesco , Auriti Antonio , Guido Vincenzo , Pasceri Vincenzo , Li Xue , Richichi Giuseppe , Mercuro Giuseppe , Santini Massimo 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBackground:Dobutamine echocardiography is commonly used to detect contractile reserve in ischaemic left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction, although its sensitivity and specificity are not optimal. We tested the hypothesis that echocardiography with levosimendan could identify contractile reserve in patients with a non‐diagnostic dobutamine test.Methods:Twenty‐two patients with LV ejection fraction <40% and non‐diagnostic dobutamine echocardiography underwent levosimendan challenge (24 μg/kg in 10 min) prior to coronary angioplasty or surgery.Results:Contractile reserve was identified by levosimendan in 10 patients (Gr. A) but was not seen in 12 patients (Gr. B). With levosimendan, LV ejection fraction increased and wall motion score index decreased significantly in Gr. A, but only slightly in Gr. B. Similarly, mean mitral annular plane excursion and peak systolic mitral annular motion velocity increased significantly in Gr. A only. Six months after revascularisation, contractile reserve was seen in 8/10 Gr. A patients but in only 2/12 Gr. B patients (80= vs 17=, p=0.011). LV ejection fraction, wall motion score index, mean mitral annular plane excursion and peak systolic mitral annular motion velocity were significantly higher in Gr. A than in Gr. B.Conclusion:Levosimendan echocardiography can identify contractile reserve in a sizeable proportion of patients with chronic ischaemic LV dysfunction and a non‐diagnostic dobutamine test.
Lifestyle changes and clinical profile in coronary heart disease patients with an ejection fraction of ≤40% or >40% in the Multicenter Lifestyle Demonstration Project
Authors: Pischke Claudia R. , Weidner Gerdi , Elliott‐Eller Melanie , Ornish Dean 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBackground:Lifestyle changes are recommended for coronary heart disease (CHD) patients at risk for heart failure (HF) [ACC/AHA stage B; left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)≤40%]. However, it is not clear whether changes in lifestyle are feasible and beneficial in these patients.Aim:To investigate the feasibility of intensive lifestyle changes for CHD patients at risk for HF.Methods:We compared 50 patients (18% female) with angiographically documented LVEF≤40% (mean=33.4±7.3; range: 15–40%) to 186 patients (18% female) with LVEF>40% (mean=58.2±9.6; range: 42–87%), who were participants in the Multicenter Lifestyle Demonstration Project (MLDP). All were non‐smoking CHD patients. The MLDP was a community‐based, insurance‐sponsored intervention (low‐fat, plant‐based diet; exercise; stress management) implemented at 8 sites in the US. Coronary risk factors, lifestyle and quality of life (SF‐36) were assessed at baseline, 3 and 12 months.Results:Regardless of LVEF, patients showed significant improvements (all p<.05) in lifestyle behaviours, body weight, body fat, blood pressure, resting heart rate, total and LDL‐cholesterol, exercise capacity, and quality of life by 3 months; most improvements were maintained over 12 months.Conclusion:CHD patients at risk for heart failure with an LVEF≤40%, can make changes in lifestyle to achieve similar medical and psychosocial benefit to patients with an LVEF>40%.
Oral Ethanol Potentiates the Loss of Outer Hair Cells in Cisplatin‐Exposed Rats
Authors: Madnani Dilip , Li Geming , Frenz Christopher M. , Frenz Dorothy A. 
Published: July 2007

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to examine the effect of oral ethanol on cisplatin ototoxicity.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGTwenty‐seven‐week‐old, female Fisher 344 rats were divided into 4 experimental groups. The animals were administered per os (PO) saline (group 1), PO ethanol (group 2), PO saline with intraperitoneal (IP) cisplatin (group 3), or PO ethanol with IP cisplatin (group 4). After 3 days, scanning electron microscopy and counts of outer auditory hair cells were performed.RESULTSA 2‐fold increase in outer hair cell loss was obtained in the basal cochlear turn of rats receiving concomitant cisplatin and ethanol compared with animals receiving cisplatin and saline. No hair cell loss was observed in the middle cochlear turn of any experimental group.CONCLUSIONOur findings support potentiation of ototoxicity when cisplatin is combined with oral ethanol.SIGNIFICANCEContraindications for alcohol use in cancer patients receiving cisplatin are implicated.
Immediate Gore‐Tex Sling Suspension for Management of Facial Paralysis in Head and Neck Extirpative Surgery
Authors: Skourtis Mia E. , Weber Stephen M. , Kriet J. David , Girod Douglas A. , Tsue Terance T. , Wax Mark K. 
Published: July 2007

OBJECTIVEWe sought to evaluate the functional and aesthetic outcomes of immediate facial reconstruction with a Gore‐Tex (expanded polytetrofluoroethylene) sling in irradiated patients undergoing large head and neck tumor extirpation with facial nerve resection.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGWe conducted a retrospective study of 17 patients at two academic institutions who underwent extirpative surgery with immediate Gore‐Tex sling reconstruction and completed radiotherapy. Functional and aesthetic results were evaluated at three intervals.RESULTSAll patients had excellent immediate results and good or excellent intermediate‐term results. At long‐term follow‐up, results were good to excellent in 47% and unacceptable in 35% of patients.CONCLUSIONIn irradiated patients undergoing total parotidectomy with immediate facial reconstruction using Gore‐Tex slings, early results are excellent, but there is a high incidence of major wound complications and unacceptable results in long‐term follow‐up.SIGNIFICANCEThere is a high rate of late complications associated with immediate facial reconstruction with Gore‐Tex slings in irradiated patients.
Modeling Mechanisms of Skull Base Injury for Drivers in Motor Vehicle Collisions
Authors: Grant Jonathan R. , Rhee John S. , Pintar Frank A. , Yoganandan Narayan 
Published: July 2007

OBJECTIVETo develop biomechanical variable models for driver skull base injury mechanisms in motor vehicle collisions.STUDY DESIGNRetrospective database review.METHODSBiomechanical collision variables and safety restraint data were analyzed for Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network skull base trauma subjects enrolled during the recruitment period between 1996 and 2005.RESULTSFor drivers satisfying inclusion criteria (n = 26), injury resulted from contact with rigid vehicle structural elements in 82%, and occurred in 50% despite both seatbelt and air bags. Eight percent used neither seatbelts nor air bags. Seventy‐two percent involved vector velocity changes greater than 30 mph. The relative morbidity of skull base injuries was also detailed.CONCLUSIONThe majority of driver skull base injuries resulted from contact with rigid vehicle structural elements in high velocity crashes. Seatbelt and air bag use could not be definitively correlated with skull base injury.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEInjury mechanism models can be developed that facilitate further investigations to determine impact and scope on a national scale.
Otoplasty for Prominent Ears: A Versatile Combined Technique to Master the Shape of the Ear
Authors: Salgarello Marzia , Gasperoni Carlo , Montagnese Antonella , Farallo Eugenio 
Published: July 2007

OBJECTIVEWe present our experience with an otoplasty technique that combines “closed” anterior scoring using the Stenström otoabrader with mattress sutures to the posterior cartilage.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGIn a retrospective study, we report our experience with 135 patients operated on in the last 12 years. Some surgical principles make our procedure different from previous combination techniques: the posterior access incision is linear without skin excision; anterior scoring is performed along the entire antihelix and scapha, with care to score toward the concha at the tail of the antihelix to bring the ear lobe nearer to the mastoid; Mustarde's mattress sutures are used to stabilize the result.RESULTSThere were no major complications and few minor complications. The aesthetic results were graded as very good or good in 95% of the cases; the rest were graded as satisfactory.CONCLUSIONSOur technique is versatile, gives pleasant, natural‐looking results, and has a low complication rate. It is a simple, reliable, reproducible, and easily mastered method.
Comparison of a dietary portfolio diet of cholesterol-lowering foods and a statin on LDL particle size phenotype in hypercholesterolaemic participants
Authors: Gigleux Iris , Jenkins David J. A. , Kendall Cyril W. C. , Marchie Augustine , Faulkner Dorothea A. , Wong Julia M. W. , de Souza Russell , Emam Azadeh , Parker Tina L. , Trautwein Elke A. , Lapsley Karen G. , Connelly Philip W. , Lamarche Benoît 
Published: July 2007

The effect of dietv. statins on LDL particle size as a risk factor for CVD has not been examined. We compared, in the same subjects, the impact of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol-lowering foods and a statin on LDL size electrophoretic characteristics. Thirty-four hyperlipidaemic subjects completed three 1-month treatments as outpatients in random order: a very-low saturated fat diet (control); the same diet with 20 mg lovastatin; a dietary portfolio high in plant sterols (1 g/4200 kJ), soya proteins (21·4 g/4200 kJ), soluble fibres (9·8 g/4200 kJ) and almonds (14 g/4200 kJ). LDL electrophoretic characteristics were measured by non-denaturing polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis of fasting plasma at 0, 2 and 4 weeks of each treatment. The reductions in plasma LDL-cholesterol levels with the dietary portfolio and with statins were comparable and were largely attributable to reductions in the estimated concentration of cholesterol within the smallest subclass of LDL (portfolio − 0·69 (se0·10) mmol/l, statin − 0·99 (se0·10) mmol/l). These were significantly greater (P < 0·01) than changes observed after the control diet ( − 0·17 (se0·08) mmol/l). Finally, baseline C-reactive protein levels were a significant predictor of the LDL size responsiveness to the dietary portfolio but not to the other treatments. The dietary portfolio, like the statin treatment, had only minor effects on several features of the LDL size phenotype, but the pronounced reduction in cholesterol levels within the small LDL fraction may provide additional cardiovascular benefit over the traditional low-fat diet of National Cholesterol Education Program Step II.
The effects of fish oil and high or low linoleic acid intake on fatty acid composition of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Authors: Damsgaard Camilla T. , Frøkiær Hanne , Lauritzen Lotte 
Published: July 2007

Dietary intake of 18: 2n-6 and 18: 3n-3 may affect endogenous production and incorporation ofn-3 long-chain PUFA (LCPUFA) from fish oils (FO). This double-blinded controlled 2 × 2-factorial 8-week intervention investigates the effects of high and low 18: 2n-6 intake in combination with FO-supplementation on tissue fatty acid composition. Healthy young men (n64) were randomized to capsules with FO or olive oil (control) (4·4 (2·0–5·6) ml/d) and to either sunflower oil and margarine (S/B) or rapeseed oil and a butter spread (R/K) to provide a high or a low 18: 2n-6 intake. Diet was measured by 4-d weighed dietary records at baseline, during and 8 weeks after the intervention and tissue incorporation as fatty acid composition of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The fat intervention gave a mean difference in the 18: 2n-6 intake of 7·3 g/d (95 % CI 4·6, 10·0) and a similar 18: 3n-3 intake in the groups. The R/K groups had a 0·2 % fatty acid (FA%) (95 % CI 0·0, 0·4,P = 0·02) higher content of 22: 5n-3 in the PBMC, a tendency of slightly higher 20: 5n-3 (P = 0·06), but no more 22: 6n-3 (P = 0·83) than the S/B groups. FO effectively raised the PBMC content of alln-3 LCPUFA (P < 0·001). The fat intervention did not markedly influence the effect of FO; the mean PBMC content ofn-3 LCPUFA was 10·3 (sem0·3) FA% in the FO+S/B group and 10·6 (sem0·2) FA% in the FO+R/K group. In conclusion, increasing the 18: 2n-6 intake did not have any pronounced effect on incorporation ofn-3 LCPUFA in PBMC, either alone or with simultaneous FO supplementation.
Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in Chinese adolescents
Authors: Li Y. , Yang X. , Zhai F. , Kok F. J. , Zhao W. , Piao J. , Zhang J. , Cui Z. , Ma G. 
Published: July 2007

Since national figures on the occurrence of metabolic syndrome among Chinese adolescents are lacking, this study aims to estimate its prevalence and distribution among Chinese youngsters. The 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey is a nationally representative cross-sectional study. Applying the criteria for US adolescents, we estimated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among 2761 adolescents aged 15 to 19 years. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Chinese adolescents overall was 3·7 % (10 % in US adolescents). It was 35·2 %, 23·4 % and 2·3 % among adolescents who were overweight (BMI ≥ 95th percentile), at risk of overweight (BMI between 85th and 95th percentile) and normal weight (BMI below the 85th percentile), respectively. Urban boys had the highest rate (5·8 %) compared with girls and rural youngsters. Among adolescents who had a BMI ≥ 85th percentile and one or two parent(s) with metabolic syndrome, the prevalence was 46·4 %. A total of 96 % of overweight adolescents had at least one and 74·1 % overweight adolescents had at least two abnormalities of metabolic syndrome. Based on these figures, it is estimated that more than three million Chinese adolescents have metabolic syndrome. Both overweight and metabolic syndrome prevalence among adolescents are still relatively low in China, but the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Chinese overweight adolescents is similar to those living in the USA.