bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body size, insulin sensitivity, metabolic health and risk of cardiovascular disease in Chinese adults: Insights from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) study
Authors: Hu Chunyan , Wang Shuangyuan , Lin Hong , Wan Qin , Zheng Ruizhi , Zhu Yuanyue , Li Mian , Xu Yu , Xu Min , Zheng Jie , Chen Lulu , Zeng Tianshu , Hu Ruying , Ye Zhen , Shi Lixin , Su Qing , Chen Yuhong , Yu Xuefeng , Yan Li , Wang Tiange , Zhao Zhiyun , Qin Guijun , Chen Gang , Dai Meng , Zhang Di , Tang Xulei , Gao Zhengnan , Shen Feixia , Gu Xuejiang , Luo Zuojie , Qin Yingfen , Chen Li , Hou Xinguo , Huo Yanan , Li Qiang , Wang Guixia , Zhang Yinfei , Liu Chao , Wang Youmin , Wu Shengli , Yang Tao , Deng Huacong , Zhao Jiajun , Mu Yiming , Lai Shenghan , Li Donghui , Ning Guang , Wang Weiqing , Hu Weiguo , Bi Yufang , Lu Jieli ,   for the 4C Study Group
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsTo assess the excess risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) associated with different criteria for metabolic health, and the interplay of body size, insulin sensitivity and metabolic health with CVD risk.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a prospective study involving 115 638 participants from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study. Metabolic health was defined using three different definitions: (1) insulin sensitivity defined by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index; (2) absence of metabolic syndrome according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria; and (3) simultaneous absence of metabolic abnormalities (diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia). The primary endpoint was a composite of incident CVD events comprising the first occurrence of myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, or cardiovascular death.ResultsDuring a mean 3.61‐year follow‐up period, obese individuals with insulin sensitivity (multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.37–2.08), or without metabolic syndrome (HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.13–1.89) still exhibited increased CVD risks, when compared to their normal‐weight counterparts. Otherwise, those with obesity but simultaneous absence of metabolic abnormalities demonstrated similar CVD risk compared to normal‐weight individuals (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.53–1.59). CVD risk increased with the number of abnormalities across body mass index categories, regardless of insulin sensitivity.ConclusionsThis study emphasizes the need for refined definitions of metabolic health and advocates for meticulous screening for metabolic abnormalities to reduce cardiovascular risks, even in individuals with normal weight and insulin sensitivity.
Diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease: Vacuolar adenosine triphosphatase as a potential link
Authors: Guo Bin , Li Qi‐ye , Liu Xue‐jia , Luo Guo‐hui , Wu Ya‐juan , Nie Jing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGlobally, the incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasing year by year, causing a huge economic and social burden, and their pathogenesis and aetiology have been proven to have a certain correlation. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that vacuolar adenosine triphosphatases (v‐ATPases) in eukaryotes, which are biomolecules regulating lysosomal acidification and glycolipid metabolism, play a key role in DM and AD. This article describes the role of v‐ATPase in DM and AD, including its role in glycolysis, insulin secretion and insulin resistance (IR), as well as its relationship with lysosomal acidification, autophagy and β‐amyloid (Aβ). In DM, v‐ATPase is involved in the regulation of glucose metabolism and IR. v‐ATPase is closely related to glycolysis. On the one hand, v‐ATPase affects the rate of glycolysis by affecting the secretion of insulin and changing the activities of key glycolytic enzymes hexokinase (HK) and phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK‐1). On the other hand, glucose is the main regulator of this enzyme, and the assembly and activity of v‐ATPase depend on glucose, and glucose depletion will lead to its decomposition and inactivation. In addition, v‐ATPase can also regulate free fatty acids, thereby improving IR. In AD, v‐ATPase can not only improve the abnormal brain energy metabolism by affecting lysosomal acidification and autophagy but also change the deposition of Aβ by affecting the production and degradation of Aβ. Therefore, v‐ATPase may be the bridge between DM and AD.
Strength‐trained adults demonstrate greater corticoreticular activation versus untrained controls
Authors: Akalu Yonas , Tallent Jamie , Frazer Ashlyn K. , Siddique Ummatul , Rostami Mohamad , Vallance Patrick , Howatson Glyn , Walker Simon , Kidgell Dawson J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe rapid increase in strength following strength‐training involves neural adaptations, however, their specific localisation remains elusive. Prior focus on corticospinal responses prompts this study to explore the understudied cortical/subcortical adaptations, particularly cortico‐reticulospinal tract responses, comparing healthy strength‐trained adults to untrained peers. Fifteen chronically strength‐trained individuals (≥2 years of training, mean age: 24 ± 7 years) were compared with 11 age‐matched untrained participants (mean age: 26 ± 8 years). Assessments included maximal voluntary force (MVF), corticospinal excitability using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), spinal excitability (cervicomedullary stimulation), voluntary activation (VA) and reticulospinal tract (RST) excitability, utilizing StartReact responses and ipsilateral motor‐evoked potentials (iMEPs) for the flexor carpi radialis muscle. Trained participants had higher normalized MVF (6.4 ± 1.1 N/kg) than the untrained participants (4.8 ± 1.3 N/kg) (p = .003). Intracortical facilitation was higher in the strength‐trained group (156 ± 49%) (p = .02), along with greater VA (98 ± 3.2%) (p = .002). The strength‐trained group displayed reduced short‐interval‐intracortical inhibition (88 ± 8.0%) compared with the untrained group (69 ± 17.5%) (p < .001). Strength‐trained individuals exhibited a greater normalized rate of force development (38.8 ± 10.1 N·s−1/kg) (p < .009), greater reticulospinal gain (2.5 ± 1.4) (p = .02) and higher ipsilateral‐to‐contralateral MEP ratios compared with the untrained group (p = .03). Strength‐trained individuals displayed greater excitability within the intrinsic connections of the primary motor cortex and the RST. These results suggest greater synaptic input from the descending cortico‐reticulospinal tract to α‐motoneurons in strength‐trained individuals, thereby contributing to the observed increase in VA and MVF.
Experiences of post‐divorce parentification and parental affection: Implications for emerging adults' well‐being
Authors: Wilkins‐Clark Renée E. , Wu Zijun , Markham Melinda Stafford 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe present study examined how emerging adults' perceived parentification and parental affection toward themselves and their sibling after parental divorce are associated with mental health so that researchers and practitioners can better understand the influence of sibling dynamics in this process.BackgroundAlthough parentification may be prevalent within the context of parental divorce, little is known about how perceived sibling parentification and parental affection (i.e., individual and sibling) are related to individuals' reports of mental health for those who have experienced parental divorce.MethodThe sample consisted of 106 emerging adults with a living biological sibling and parents who divorced. Hierarchical regressions were used to investigate associations among levels (i.e., individual and sibling) and differences (i.e., individual versus sibling) in self‐perceived post‐divorce parentification and parental affection and outcomes (i.e., current symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress).ResultsHigher reports of self‐perceived parentification were significantly related to higher reports of participants' depressive and stress symptomology. Greater self‐perceived parental affection for siblings had a significant positive relationship with the aforementioned outcomes.ImplicationsImportant implications on the potentially long‐lasting effects of perceived parental treatment are included for divorce education facilitators and family therapists working with divorcing parents.
Enhancing the functional properties of peanut protein hydrolysates: covalent modification with chlorogenic acid
Authors: Huang Danni , Xia Yimiao , Chen Fusheng 
Published: February 2024

SummaryThis study aimed to enhance the functional properties of peanut protein hydrolysates (PPHs) by coupling limited enzymatic hydrolysis with chlorogenic acid (CGA) modification, thus offering novel insights into the potential food industry applications of peanut proteins. Initially, peanut protein isolate was hydrolysed using trypsin. Subsequently, covalent conjugation with CGA was achieved via free‐radical grafting. The moderately hydrolysed 4% PPHs had the highest polyphenol‐binding capacity. Measurement of the PPHs‐CGA complex revealed that free amino, thiol, and tryptophan contents were reduced. The amino acid content results also showed that cysteine, lysine, arginine, and methionine (with amino or thiol groups) were the primary binding sites. Spherical or rod‐like structures were observed in the scanning electron microscopy images of PPHs‐CGA, and its particle size was larger than that of the PPHs. After combining PPHs and CGA, the fluorescence intensity decreased, Fourier‐transform infrared spectrum showed a shift in the absorption peak, and electrophoresis band weakened, indicating that covalent binding was successful. PPHs with different degrees of hydrolysis have different levels of exposure to amino acids, and their antioxidant properties differ when combined with CGA. After combining, the surface hydrophobicity was reduced, and the secondary structure was unfolded and extended, thereby improving its emulsifying properties. In summary, PPHs‐CGA may be used in the food industry as a bi‐type food factor and proposes a new application for peanut protein in food.
Evaluation of AQUIOS STEM, a novel method for automated CD34+ stem cell enumeration using flow cytometry
Authors: Callebaut Kim , Gijbels Eva , Vanbesien Jonathan , Deeren Dries , Van Droogenbroeck Jan , Emmerechts Jan , Moreau Elisabeth 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesHematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a potentially curative treatment for various diseases. The measurement of CD34+ cells is crucial to schedule the peripheral blood stem cell collection and assess the engraftment potential of the apheresis product. The AQUIOS STEM system has been introduced as a novel application on the AQUIOS CL, a fully automated flow cytometer, for the enumeration of CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) in accordance with the The International Society for Hematotherapy and Graft Engineering guidelines. This study aimed to assess the potential of the novel AQUIOS STEM system versus currently used systems including the FACSCanto‐II and the FACS Lyric flow cytometer in a multicenter study.MethodsA total of 91 samples were used for the validation of the AQUOIS STEM system, including an analytical performance evaluation by means of assessing precision, sample stability, intersample carryover, and linearity and a method comparison with the present FACS systems in use to assess analytical and clinical decision agreement.ResultsResults showed excellent precision, with coefficient of variations <15% for dedicated quality control material and patient samples. There was no significant carry over. The fresh apheresis samples were stable when stored overnight at room temperature and at 4°C. Analytical comparison with the current systems demonstrated good correlation in peripheral blood, and minimal, clinically neglectable systematic and proportional bias in fresh apheresis products but a low correlation coefficient in cryopreserved products.ConclusionsThe STEM system on AQUIOS CL allows automated enumeration of CD34+ stem cells, demonstrating good analytical performance and promising overall outcomes in peripheral blood and fresh apheresis products.
Developmental change in English‐learning children's interpretations of salient pitch contours in word learning
Authors: Quam Carolyn , Swingley Daniel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo efficiently recognize words, children learning an intonational language like English should avoid interpreting pitch‐contour variation as signaling lexical contrast, despite the relevance of pitch at other levels of structure. Thus far, the developmental time‐course with which English‐learning children rule out pitch as a contrastive feature has been incompletely characterized. Prior studies have tested diverse lexical contrasts and have not tested beyond 30 months. To specify the developmental trajectory over a broader age range, we extended a prior study (Quam & Swingley, 2010), in which 30‐month‐olds and adults disregarded pitch changes, but attended to vowel changes, in newly learned words. Using the same phonological contrasts, we tested 3‐ to 5‐year‐olds, 24‐month‐olds, and 18‐month‐olds. The older two groups were tested using the language‐guided‐looking method. The oldest group attended to vowels but not pitch. Surprisingly, 24‐month‐olds ignored not just pitch but sometimes vowels as well—conflicting with prior findings of phonological constraint at 24 months. The youngest group was tested using the Switch habituation method, half with additional phonetic variability in training. Eighteen‐month‐olds learned both pitch‐contrasted and vowel‐contrasted words, whether or not additional variability was present. Thus, native‐language phonological constraint was not evidenced prior to 30 months (Quam & Swingley, 2010). We contextualize our findings within other recent work in this area.
S2k guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of linear IgA dermatosis initiated by the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
Authors: Caux Frédéric , Patsatsi Aikaterini , Karakioulaki Meropi , Antiga Emiliano , Baselga Eulalia , Borradori Luca , Caproni Marzia , Cardones Adela R. , Chandran Nisha Suyien , Dräger Sören , Drenovska Kossara , Goebeler Matthias , Günther Claudia , Hofmann Silke C. , Ioannides Dimitrios , Joly Pascal , Marinović Branka , Mariotti Elena Biancamaria , Marzano Angelo Valerio , Morel Kimberly D. , Murrell Dedee F. , Prost Catherine , Sárdy Miklós , Setterfield Jane , Skiljevic Dusan , Uzun Soner , Vassileva Snejina , Zambruno Giovanna , Schmidt Enno 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionLinear IgA dermatosis (LAD) is a rare subepidermal autoimmune bullous disease (AIBD) defined by predominant or exclusive immune deposits of immunoglobulin A at the basement membrane zone of skin or mucous membranes. This disorder is a rare, clinically and immunologically heterogeneous disease occurring both in children and in adults. The aim of this project is to present the main clinical features of LAD, to propose a diagnostic algorithm and provide management guidelines based primarily on experts' opinion because of the lack of large methodologically sound clinical studies.MethodsThese guidelines were initiated by the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) Task Force Autoimmune Bullous Diseases (AIBD). To achieve a broad consensus for these S2k consensus‐based guidelines, a total of 29 experts from different countries, both European and non‐European, including dermatologists, paediatric dermatologists and paediatricians were invited. All members of the guidelines committee agreed to develop consensus‐based (S2k) guidelines. Prior to a first virtual consensus meeting, each of the invited authors elaborated a section of the present guidelines focusing on a selected topic, based on the relevant literature. All drafts were circulated among members of the writing group, and recommendations were discussed and voted during two hybrid consensus meetings.ResultsThe guidelines summarizes evidence‐based and expert opinion‐based recommendations (S2 level) on the diagnosis and treatment of LAD.ConclusionThese guidelines will support dermatologists to improve their knowledge on the diagnosis and management of LAD.
Stratum corneum and microbial biomarkers precede and characterize childhood atopic dermatitis
Authors: Fonfara Melina , Hartmann Jan , Stölzl Dora , Sander Nicole , Harder Inken , Rodriguez Elke , Hübenthal Matthias , Mazur Carsten , Kerzel Sebastian , Kabesch Michael , Schmitt Jochen , Emmert Hila , Suhrkamp Ina , Weidinger Stephan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common paediatric inflammatory skin disease. There are currently no robust biomarkers that could reliably predict its manifestation, and on the molecular level, it is less well characterized than adult AD.ObjectivesThis study aimed to extend previous findings and provide evidence for distinct changes of the epidermal proteome and microbiome preceding the onset of AD as well as characterizing early AD.MethodsWe longitudinally analysed epidermal biomarker levels and microbial profiles in a cohort of 50 neonates at high risk for AD, who had participated in a randomized controlled trial on early emollient use for AD prevention.ResultsAbout 26% of the infants developed AD until month 24 with an average age of 10 month at disease onset. In children with later AD, IL‐1Ra, TNFβ, IL‐8, IL‐18, IL‐22, CCL2, TARC, TSLP and VEGFa showed increased levels prior to disease manifestation with levels of IL‐1Ra, TNFβ and VEGFa already increased shortly after birth. Further, children with later AD displayed a delayed maturation and differentially composed skin microbiome prior to AD onset. At manifestation, levels of multiple Th2, Th17/22 and Th1‐associated biomarkers as well as innate immunity markers were elevated, and abundances of commensal Streptococcus species were reduced in favour of Staphylococcus epidermidis.ConclusionsOur results indicate that elevations of proinflammatory stratum corneum biomarkers and alterations of the skin microbiome precede paediatric AD and characterize the disease at onset.
Harnessing the potential of Citrus natsudaidai: An attractant for Melanotus senilis larvae
Authors: Asano Ryota , Suzuki Wataru 
Published: February 2024

AbstractClick beetle larvae have been observed to cause crop damage in various regions worldwide; however, accurate prediction of plant damage is hindered by their subterranean life cycle and the associated challenges in sampling. Melanotus senilis, a beetle belonging to the subfamily Elaterinae (tribe Melanotini) within the family Elateridae, is a destructive agricultural pest that harms maize, hops, and ginger. Our study presents novel evidence indicating the attraction of M. senilis larvae to Citrus natsudaidai (Japanese name “Natsumikan” or “Natsudaidai”). Through a field experiment involving different citrus fruits, namely natsumikan, oranges, and grapefruits, we found that C. natsudaidai attracted the highest number of M. senilis larvae. Furthermore, in a separate experiment in which C. natsudaidai and potatoes were placed in the field, C. natsudaidai significantly outperformed potatoes in attracting M. senilis larvae. These findings suggest that C. natsudaidai fruit placed on the soil surface attracts M. senilis larvae. C. natsudaidai fruits used in this study were sourced from those that remained unharvested until August. Therefore, it is possible that the C. natsudaidai fruits used for comparison were more mature than the citrus fruits used in this study. It is possible that the ripening of C. natsudaidai may have led to changes in CO2 and ethylene emissions, potentially attracting a greater number of M. senilis larvae. Further research is required to explore these aspects in detail.
Effect of aqueous ozone treatment on the reduction of chlorpyrifos and physicochemical and microbial qualities of cucumber (Cucumis sativusL.): Process modeling and optimization
Authors: Navya K. P. , Sudheer K. P. , Abdullah S. , Vithu P. , Pathrose Berin , Rajesh G. K. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA study was conducted at different combinations of ozone concentration (50%–100%) and time (10–30 min) to study the effect of aqueous ozone treatment on chlorpyrifos degradation in cucumber. A process was developed and compared using ANN‐GA and RSM techniques. The optimum conditions obtained using RSM were ozone concentration of 95% and treatment time of 10 min. While the optimum conditions achieved by ANN‐GA were ozone concentration of 81% and treatment time of 14 min. However, chlorpyrifos degradation is more at the condition optimized by ANN compared to the condition optimized by RSM. At the optimum condition, the cucumber showed superior physicochemical and microbial qualities, including pesticide degradation (91.08%), color change (3.58), firmness (11.75 N), moisture content (97.49%), water activity (0.93), pH (6.18), titratable acidity (0.06%), total soluble solids (2.1 °Brix), total plate count (1.5 × 105 CFU/g), and yeast/mold count (3 × 105 CFU/g), respectively.Practical applicationsIncreased awareness of the health benefits associated with the consumption of fruits and vegetables has led to a rise in their consumption. These items are primarily consumed in their raw or fresh state and often feature in salads. However, the presence of pesticide residues on the surface of raw fruits and vegetables can pose significant health risks to consumers. Ozone treatment can be used for effectively removing pesticide residue in the fresh‐cut fruits and vegetables industry. Also, ozone treatment can reduce the microbial count on the surface of fruits and vegetables which enhances the shelf life of fruits and vegetables. Furthermore, it can prevent the natural ripening process of commodities, thereby increasing the consumer's acceptance. Ozone is considered a safe and eco‐friendly alternative to chemical disinfectants and preservatives. It leaves no chemical residue on the produce and breaks down into oxygen, leaving no harmful byproducts, thereby ensuring safe consumption of the commodity.
Effects of high hydrostatic pressure on the functional properties of soy protein isolate
Authors: Zengin Kubra , Ozel Baris , Oztop Mecit Halil , Alpas Hami 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, functional properties of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP)‐treated soy protein isolate (SPI) samples including protein solubility, emulsification activity (EA), and water holding capacity (WHC) were studied. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), viscosity, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry experiments were performed. Three pressure (300, 400, and 500 MPa), two pH (5.0 and 7.0), and two temperature levels (25 and 40°C) were used to prepare SPI samples. Solubility of SPI was more pH‐dependent than HHP‐dependent, whereas WHC was more sensitive to pressure. Samples processed at 300 MPa, pH 5.0, and 40°C demonstrated higher EA (p < .05) than the untreated samples. Pressure application significantly reduced the viscosity of SPI dispersions (p < .05). Samples processed at 300 MPa, pH 5.0, and 40°C and at 400 MPa, pH 5.0, and 40°C attained the longest transverse relaxation time (T2) values reflecting their low solubility profiles. Thus, results indicated that HHP was able to modify the functional properties of SPI at different temperature and pH conditions.Practical ApplicationsHigh hydrostatic pressure (HHP) is an emerging technology with its diverse range of applications in food industry. Modification of functional properties of food ingredients is one of the latest applications of HHP treatment. This study demonstrated that HHP treatment was able to modify some functional properties of soy protein isolate (SPI) samples including water holding capacity, solubility, and emulsification activity. Pressure level, pH, and temperature affected the functional properties of SPI samples. The parameter type/range and results of this study could be used in model HHP studies to improve some functional properties of SPI for different purposes.