bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perbandingan Kekuatan Bending dan Tarik Komposit Polimer Hybrid Diperkuat Serat Sisal dan Kenaf Karung Goni Terhadap Serat Karbon Kevlar
Authors: Taufik Hidayat Idhwar , Maha Surya Putra , Agung Raharjo Muhammad 
Published: March 2024

Inovasi untuk pengganti bahan baku logam sebagai material manufaktur dan konstruksi pesawat terbang terus dikembangkan. Penggunaan material komposit dipilih sebagai pengganti bahan baku logam dikarenakan komposit memiliki sifat kuat, massa yang ringan, dan tahan terhadap korosi. Umumnya bahan penguat komposit berasal dari bahan penguat sitentis namun terdapat beberapa kekurangan seperti bahan baku terbatas, biaya produksi lebih mahal, biodegradabilitas rendah, dan bahaya bagi kesehatan. Dalam upaya mencari alternatif bahan penguat sintetis pada penelitian ini digunakan terobosan dengan pemanfaatan serat alami untuk material penguat komposit. Jenis komposit yang digunakan yaitu komposit hybrid yaitu gabungan dari serat sisal dan serat kenaf karung goni. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif komparatif bersifat eksperimental yaitu mengetahui perbandingan dengan existing material reinforcement yaitu serat sintetis karbon kevlar dengan serat alam dari hasil uji bending dan uji tarik. Pembuatan komposit dilakukan dengan metode hand lay-up pada perbandingan fraksi volume serat sebesar sisal dan karung goni 20%:20% dan serat karbon kevlar 20%. Pengujian spesimen dilakukan dengan standar ASTM D790 uji bending dan ASTM D638 uji tarik. Dari perbandingan hasil uji bending dan tarik diketahui kekuatan komposit yang diperkuat dengan serat sisal dan karung goni mampu mendekati kekuatan komposit dari serat karbon kevlar dengan persentase perbandingan 38-40%.
Development of an algorithm for a situational information and training model of actions of operational and management personnel in the event of failures of arrow and signal controls
Authors: Parshin P. K. , Sergeeva T. G. 
Published: March 2024

The created situational information and training model will enable operational and management personnel to reduce to a minimum the time spent searching for the desired route and preparing it, reduce or eliminate train delays at input signals, and increase the safety of train traﬃc.The purpose of the study is to develop an algorithm of measures that will allow us to develop speciﬁc practical solutions to improve the technology of operation of railway stations in the event of failure of existing railway automation and telemechanics systems.The use of the situational information and training model ‟Managing route switches” together with the developed ‟Route Tables”, adapted for various extracurricular railway stations, will help eliminate mistakes by station attendants when preparing routes and reduce time spent on these operations.The need to improve the technology of operation of railway stations is indicated by creating a universal software package that allows training of operational and management personnel at stations, supervising the station duty oﬃcer in preparing routes in the event of failure of existing railway automation and telemechanics systems.Practical signiﬁcance — reduction of defects in work in conditions of faulty operation of signaling, centralization and blocking devices, increasing the safety of train traﬃc.
Original article Formalization of the task of developing wartime curricula and programs
Authors: Golenishchev E. P. , Klimenko I. V. 
Published: March 2024

Managing higher education involves solving a number of problems that are diﬃcult to formalize. Such tasks include ensuring consistency of the logical-time sequence of training in real conditions of continuous improvement of documents regulating the educational process (federal state educational standards, professional standards, approximate basic educational programs, curricula, basic professional educational programs, work programs of disciplines, indicators of achievement of competencies and so on.).Increasing the eﬃciency of higher education management is associated with the introduction of specialized information systems into the educational process of a university, designed to automate basic processes and tasks.The range of tasks solved by the higher education management system is also inﬂuenced by the actual sociopolitical situation. In modern conditions, it seems relevant to resolve the issue of developing curricula for shortened training or wartime plans in certain areas of professional activity.Works have been published in which formalized methods have been developed to ensure consistency of the logical-time sequence of learning in the higher education system. These methods create favorable preconditions for their further improvement and application in solving related problems.The applicability of graph theory methods for a formalized solution to the problem of developing wartime curricula and programs is shown.
Experience in conducting practical training at the employer’s organization
Authors: Kurtushan A. I. , Nekrasov A. A. 
Published: March 2024

The emergence of the Russian economy to new frontiers opens up opportunities for quality education, employment and professional growth for mid-level specialists. The general focus of training is professional; the process is built on the principles of advanced education, deﬁning as the main result the achievement of social and professional competence of the graduate, adequate to the requirements of society and the economy.The modern system of secondary vocational education must meet the requirements of practice-orientedness, take into account the requirements of employers, it is necessary to develop the knowledge, skills and practical skills of a competitive specialist. Competitiveness can only be increased by improving the quality of education. The problem of high-quality training of specialists is due to the insuﬃcient eﬀectiveness of interaction between educational organizations and employers.In the context of the implementation of the competency-based approach, the quality of vocational education is determined by the ability of a young specialist to easily adapt to market conditions for the development of the regional economy, to identify connections between knowledge and real situations; apply acquired knowledge to adequately solve professional problems, as well as mastery of professional competencies and elements of labor functions.The need is being updated and the possibility of implementing elements of dual training within the educational process of the branch of the Siberian University of Transport in Novoaltaysk is being considered. The experience of conducting practical training at the employer’s organization is summarized.
Determination of demand for freight rail transportation. The relationship between the quality of transport services and demand
Authors: Chesnov A. N. , Smirnov A. E. , Egorova N. Yu. 
Published: March 2024

In the modern world, rail transport plays a huge role in ensuring the economic and social stability of the state. Due to its reliability, accessibility and safety, rail transport is able to meet the needs of a wide variety of population groups and sectors of the economy. One of the important aspects of the functioning of railway transport is its ability to provide eﬃcient and high-quality cargo transportation services.In this regard, the purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between the demand for freight transportation and the level of service in the context of railway infrastructure. We rely on the non-price elasticity method to determine more precisely how changes in the quality of service can the demand for freight rail transportation.To achieve this goal, a number of tasks have been analyzed, such as analyzing the current state of railway transport, studying the possibilities of its growth and development, determining the current needs of the market and assessing the compliance of the services provided with these needs. In addition, the system of forecasting the demand for rail freight, based on the analysis of ﬁnancial, economic and quantitative indicators, is considered. The ﬁrst determine the capital costs of upgrading the current state of the infrastructure, focused on the repair and renewal of ﬁxed assets. The latter determine the volume values of the cargo turnover and the average weight of the train. It is also necessary to develop a step-by-step methodology for determining the coeﬃcient of non-price elasticity, to illustrate the dependence of demand for transportation on the level of quality of transport services.All this made it possible to determine how eﬀective and expedient the existing cargo transportation service system is.The choice of this topic is due to the increasing need to increase the stability and reliability of railway transport, increase its accessibility and safety, as well as improve the quality of services provided. Thus, the identiﬁcation of the relationship between the demand for rail freight and their quality based on the methodology of non-price elasticity contributes to the optimization of railway transport, improving its competitiveness, and stimulates the economic growth of the country.
Modeling Emergent Variables to Assess the Adoption of Activity-Based Costing in Tanzania: The Application of Confirmatory Composite Analysis
Authors: Molela Godfrey , Kasoga Pendo , Ismail Ismail 
Published: March 2024

Research Aims: The applications of composite models in explaining the adoption of innovations continue to gain widespread recognition in contemporary research. This study examines the role of a composite model comprising innovation attributes, contingency factors, and isomorphic pressures in explaining the adoption of activity-based costing (ABC) in Tanzania. The examined causal relationship between the model and ABC adoption is subject to mediation by behavioral preferences. More importantly, this study evaluates the overall fit of the model based on confirmatory composite analysis (CCA) as a prerequisite for path analysis.
Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected from 188 manufacturing and service companies in Tanzania using a cross-sectional survey design. As part of CCA, the study employed principal component analysis (PCA) to form the three emergent variables namely innovation attributes, contingency factors and isomorphic pressures. It is these variables that were merged together to form the composite model whose influence on ABC adoption was analyzed based on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).
Research Findings: It was found out that, it is only normative beliefs that positively mediated the causal - relationship between the composite model and ABC adoption. This suggests that, the combined influences of internal and external factors defined by innovation attributes, contingency factors and isomorphic pressures towards ABC adoption is mediated by the belief that manufacturing and service companies should adopt the system. On the other hand, the perceptions of the system’s usefulness and ease to use do not play role in explaining the combined influences of factors on ABC adoption.
Theoretical Contribution/Originality: The findings are paramount in creating the reference base for future studies as there were no previous studies of similar nature conducted to assess the impact of the composite model on ABC adoption.
Keyword: Composite model, Innovation attributes, Contingency factors, Isomorphic pressures, Activity-based costing, Confirmatory composite analysis
The impact of climate on the international economy using differential equations
Authors: Соломкин В.И. , Мешалкин К.М. , Руднев С.Г. 
Published: March 2024

В статье исследуется взаимосвязь между климатическими изменениями и экономическим развитием различных стран. Предлагается использовать математический подход, основанный на дифференциальных уравнениях, который позволяет оценить взаимосвязь между изменениями климатических условий и состоянием экономики. Математическая модель – это абстрактное представление реальной системы или явления с использованием математических символов, уравнений и отношений. Она позволяет описать и изучить различные аспекты системы, предсказать ее поведение и провести анализ влияния различных факторов на нее. Подчеркивается важность учета климатических факторов при анализе экономического развития и предлагается использовать дифференциальные уравнения как инструмент для моделирования и анализа этой взаимосвязи. Это может помочь прогнозировать и управлять экономическими последствиями климатических изменений и разрабатывать эффективные стратегии адаптации.
The article examines the relationship between climate change and the economic development of various countries. It is proposed to use a mathematical approach based on differential equations that allow us to assess the relationship between changes in climatic conditions and the state of the economy. A mathematical model is an abstract representation of a real system or phenomenon using mathematical symbols, equations, and relationships. It allows you to describe and study various aspects of the system, predict its behavior and analyze the influence of various factors on it. The importance of taking into account climatic factors in the analysis of economic development is emphasized and it is proposed to use differential equations as a tool for modeling and analyzing this relationship. This can help predict and manage the economic impacts of climate change and develop effective adaptation strategies.
Methodological basis for forecasting economic growth
Authors: Есоян А.Г. , Анисимов А.В. , Мирончук В.А. 
Published: March 2024

В статье рассматриваются методологические основы прогнозирования экономического роста. Отмечается, что идея экономического роста тесно связана с экономическим развитием страны и рассматривается как ее динамичная количественная характеристика. Экономический рост представляет собой колебания в производстве товаров и услуг внутри страны за определенный период, обычно измеряемые в процентах или по отношению к предыдущему периоду. Ключевые показатели экономического роста включают темпы роста валового внутреннего продукта и национального дохода как в абсолютном выражении, так и на душу населения, а также темпы роста промышленного производства в целом и в рамках конкретных секторов, также измеряемые в абсолютном выражении и на душу населения.
The article discusses the methodological foundations of forecasting economic growth. It is noted that the idea of economic growth is closely related to the economic development of the country and is considered as its dynamic quantitative characteristic. Economic growth is fluctuations in the production of goods and services within a country over a certain period, usually measured as a percentage or relative to the previous period. Key indicators of economic growth include the growth rates of gross domestic product and national income both in absolute terms and per capita, as well as the growth rates of industrial production in general and within specific sectors, also measured in absolute terms and per capita.
The institutional model of cooperative relations in agriculture
Authors: Минниханов Р.Р. 
Published: March 2024

В статье рассмотрена институциональная модель кооперативных отношений, анализируется текущее состояние численного состава членов сельскохозяйственных потребительских кооперативов Российской Федерации в целом и в Республике Татарстан в частности. Акцент сделан на прогнозировании численности личных подсобных хозяйств и крестьянских (фермерских) хозяйств в республике и на государственной поддержке как факторе развития таких хозяйств.
The article examines the institutional model of cooperative relations, analyzes the current state of the numerical composition of members of agricultural consumer cooperatives of the Russian Federation in general and in the Republic of Tatarstan in particular. The emphasis is placed on forecasting the number of private subsidiary farms and peasant (farm) farms in the Republic of Tatarstan and on state support as a factor in the development of such farms.
Environmental aspects of the North-South transport corridor development
Authors: Сингх Д. 
Published: March 2024

Исследование сфокусировано на экспертном анализе экологических последствий, порождаемых развитием транспортного коридора Север-Юг, представляющего собой ключевой компонент мировой системы транспортных коммуникаций. Затрагиваются экологические аспекты, включая атмосферные эмиссии, акватическую контаминацию, воздействие на биосферу, деградацию почвенного слоя и шумовое загрязнение. Акцентируется важность нахождения оптимального баланса между экономическим развитием и экологической целостностью. Представлены передовые стратегии уменьшения выбросов, консервации водных ресурсов, защиты биоразнообразия, реставрации почв и редукции шумового загрязнения. Исследование подчеркивает значимость инкорпорации экологических факторов в развитие инфраструктуры для достижения устойчивости.
The presented study focuses on a comprehensive analysis of the ecological consequences stemming from the development of the North-South transport corridor, a key element in the global system of transportation links. The research encompasses environmental impacts, including atmospheric emissions, water contamination, effects on biodiversity, soil degradation, and noise pollution. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of balancing economic growth with ecological preservation. Innovative approaches to reducing emissions, conserving water resources, protecting biodiversity, rehabilitating soils, and diminishing noise pollution are introduced. The study underscores the importance of integrating environmental considerations into infrastructure development to achieve sustainability.
Approaches to the introduction of digital technologies into business and their effectiveness
Authors: Крючков А.Ю. 
Published: March 2024

В статье проводится исследование актуальных подходов к внедрению цифровых технологий в бизнес, выделяются их характерные особенности, достоинства и недостатки. Описывается перспективность внедрения цифровых технологий в бизнес и подчеркиваются общие факторы-преимущества цифровизации. Уточняется система методологических подходов к внедрению цифровых технологий в бизнес, среди которых процессный, проектный, стоимостный, целевой (стратегический), инновационный подходы, подход, основанный на внедрении цифровых технологий. Приводится описание каждого из обозначенных подходов, уточняются особенности, достоинства и недостатки рассматриваемых подходов. Выделяются прикладные особенности их реализации и характерные инструменты, которые внедряются в рамках данных подходов. Делаются выводы о постепенном переходе к реализации интегральных (смешанных) подходов к внедрению цифровых технологий. Предполагается, что современный бизнес отдает предпочтения более гибким конфигурациям внедрения цифровых технологий, находясь в поиске оптимального баланса между коммерческими целями, функциональностью, долгосрочными перспективами цифровых трансформаций.
The article examines current approaches to the introduction of digital technologies in business, highlights their characteristic features, advantages and disadvantages. The prospects of introducing digital technologies into business are described and the general factors-the advantages of digitalization - are emphasized. The system of methodological approaches to the introduction of digital technologies into business is being clarified, including process, project, cost, target (strategic), an approach based on the introduction of digital technologies, and an innovative approach. The description of each of the indicated approaches is given, the features, advantages and disadvantages of the approaches under consideration are clarified. From the point of view of the applied aspects of the introduction of digital technologies into business, based on the specific features of each of the approaches, the applied features of their implementation and the characteristic tools that are implemented within these approaches are highlighted. Conclusions are drawn about the gradual transition to the implementation of integrated (mixed) approaches to the introduction of digital technologies. It is assumed that modern business prefers more flexible configurations of digital technology implementation, being in search of an optimal balance between commercial goals, functionality, and long-term prospects for digital transformations.
Methods and possibilities of using artificial intelligence in the analysis of economic trends
Authors: Кириченко А.О. , Золкин А.Л. , Свердликова Е.А. , Подолько П.М. 
Published: March 2024

Основываясь на всестороннем анализе данных, передовых методиках прогнозирования и статистическом анализе, в статье анализируется, как искусственный интеллект и машинное обучение способствуют повышению точности экономических прогнозов и оптимизации процесса принятия решений. Демонстрируется, как математические процедуры, традиционно применяемые в экономическом анализе, могут быть усовершенствованы с использованием искусственного интеллекта для повышения эффективности и производительности. В дополнение к анализу потенциальных проблем, связанных с внедрением этих технологий, исследуются новые возможности, которые искусственный интеллект и машинное обучение открывают для дальнейшего развития экономической науки и практики.
In the context of the continuously developing influence of artificial intelligence and machine learning on finance and economics, this article reveals the prospects and methods of their application for the analysis of economic trends. Based on comprehensive data analysis, advanced forecasting techniques and statistical analysis, the study highlights how artificial intelligence and machine learning contribute to improving the accuracy of economic forecasts and optimizing the decision-making process. The authors demonstrate how mathematical procedures traditionally used in economic analysis can be improved using artificial intelligence to improve efficiency and productivity. In addition to analyzing the potential problems associated with the introduction of these technologies, the article explores the new opportunities that artificial intelligence and machine learning open up for the further development of economic science and practice.
Analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness of investment projects
Authors: Агафонова Н.П. , Кузьменко А.Е. 
Published: March 2024

В статье рассматривается экономический эффект от реализации инвестиционного проекта как показатель, отражающий соотношение целей и задач участников проекта. Успешная подготовка и эффективное использование проекта – это ключевая задача. Анализ доходности и рисков инвестиционного проекта поможет инвестору понять, насколько рискованно вкладывать деньги в проект, каковы возможные риски для инвестора. Подробно рассмотрены критерии оценки эффективности инвестиционных проектов.
The article considers the economic effect of the implementation of an investment project as an indicator reflecting the ratio of goals and objectives of the project participants. Successful preparation and effective use of the project is a key task. An analysis of the profitability and risks of an investment project will help the investor understand how risky it is to invest money in the project, what are the possible risks for the investor. The criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of investment projects are considered in detail.