bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct PM2.5‐Related Near‐Term Climate Penalties Induced by Different Clean Air Measures in China
Authors: Gao Da , Zhao Bin , Wang Shuxiao , Shen Jiewen , Wang Yuan , Zhou Chen , Jiang Jingkun , Wu Qingru , Li Shengyue , Sun Yisheng , He Yicong , Zhu Yun , Jiang Zhe 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe reductions in aerosols often exacerbate climate warming. It remains unclear how to effectively alleviate PM2.5 pollution while minimizing the penalty on climate warming. Here we identify the clean air measures in China that are associated with low aerosol climate penalty efficiency (ACPE), which is defined as aerosol radiative forcing per unit PM2.5 concentration reduction. The measures in transportation, residential combustion, and open burning sectors generally caused lower ACPE [0.07, 0.24, and 0.10 (W m−2)/(μg m−3)] than those from other sectors [0.34–0.46 (W m−2)/(μg m−3)]. This is ascribed to relatively small decreases in cloud concentration nuclei per unit PM2.5 reduction in these sectors, which is further attributed to either relatively low aerosol hygroscopicity or relatively small decrease in aerosol number. Most measures in the former three sectors have low ACPE of <0.15 [(W m−2)/(μg m−3)] and thus may be prioritized for synergistically controlling PM2.5 pollution and climate warming.
Frequency‐Drifting Plasmaspheric Hiss: A Statistical Study From the Van Allen Probes Data
Authors: Yi Siyang , Liu Nigang , Xie Yi , He Zhaoguo , Yu Jiang , Cui Jun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPlasmaspheric hiss, a whistler‐mode emission confined in the high‐density plasmasphere, is of great interest to the space community attributed to its important role in inner magnetospheric dynamics. Their frequency‐time structures provide crucial evidence for understanding the wave origin. In this work, based on ∼7‐year Van Allen Probes data, we statistically studied the frequency‐drifting plasmaspheric hiss characterized by an increasing lower cutoff frequency over a timescale exceeding 1 hr. Frequency‐drifting hiss waves predominantly occur at 3 < L < 6 from predawn to noon during geomagnetic active times. Observations and theoretical analyses suggest the frequency‐drifting hiss could result from the local excitation inside the plasmasphere by energy‐dispersive injected electrons. This unique feature of plasmaspheric hiss waves serves, to a certain extent, as an “identifier” for discerning the wave origins and as a “marker” facilitating the link between hiss waves across a broad spatial range.
Expert consensus on pediatric orthodontic therapies of malocclusions in children
Authors: Zhou Chenchen , Duan Peipei , He Hong , Song Jinlin , Hu Min , Liu Yuehua , Liu Yan , Guo Jie , Jin Fang , Cao Yang , Jiang Lingyong , Ye Qingsong , Zhu Min , Jiang Beizhan , Ruan Wenhua , Yuan Xiao , Li Huang , Zou Rui , Tian Yulou , Gao Li , Shu Rui , Chen Jianwei , Liu Renkai , Zou Shujuan , Li Xiaobing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMalocclusion, identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of three major oral diseases, profoundly impacts the dental-maxillofacial functions, facial esthetics, and long-term development of ~260 million children in China. Beyond its physical manifestations, malocclusion also significantly influences the psycho-social well-being of these children. Timely intervention in malocclusion can foster an environment conducive to dental-maxillofacial development and substantially decrease the incidence of malocclusion or reduce the severity and complexity of malocclusion in the permanent dentition, by mitigating the negative impact of abnormal environmental influences on the growth. Early orthodontic treatment encompasses accurate identification and treatment of dental and maxillofacial morphological and functional abnormalities during various stages of dental-maxillofacial development, ranging from fetal stages to the early permanent dentition phase. From an economic and societal standpoint, the urgency for effective early orthodontic treatments for malocclusions in childhood cannot be overstated, underlining its profound practical and social importance. This consensus paper discusses the characteristics and the detrimental effects of malocclusion in children, emphasizing critical need for early treatment. It elaborates on corresponding core principles and fundamental approaches in early orthodontics, proposing comprehensive guidance for preventive and interceptive orthodontic treatment, serving as a reference for clinicians engaged in early orthodontic treatment.
In vivo translocator protein in females with autism spectrum disorder: a pilot study
Authors: Tseng Chieh-En Jane , Canales Camila , Marcus Rachel E. , Parmar Anjali J. , Hightower Baileigh G. , Mullett Jennifer E. , Makary Meena M. , Tassone Alison U. , Saro Hannah K. , Townsend Paige Hickey , Birtwell Kirstin , Nowinski Lisa , Thom Robyn P. , Palumbo Michelle L. , Keary Christopher , Catana Ciprian , McDougle Christopher J. , Hooker Jacob M. , Zürcher Nicole R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSex-based differences in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are well-documented, with a male-to-female ratio of approximately 4:1. The clinical presentation of the core symptoms of ASD can also vary between sexes. Previously, positron emission tomography (PET) studies have identified alterations in the in vivo levels of translocator protein (TSPO)—a mitochondrial protein—in primarily or only male adults with ASD, with our group reporting lower TSPO relative to whole brain mean in males with ASD. However, whether in vivo TSPO levels are altered in females with ASD, specifically, is unknown. This is the first pilot study to measure in vivo TSPO in the brain in adult females with ASD using [11C]PBR28 PET-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Twelve adult females with ASD and 10 age- and TSPO genotype-matched controls (CON) completed one or two [11C]PBR28 PET–MRI scans. Females with ASD exhibited elevated [11C]PBR28 standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) in the midcingulate cortex and splenium of the corpus callosum compared to CON. No brain area showed lower [11C]PBR28 SUVR in females with ASD compared to CON. Test-retest over several months showed stable [11C]PBR28 SUVR across time in both groups. Elevated regional [11C]PBR28 SUVR in females with ASD stand in stark contrast to our previous findings of lower regional [11C]PBR28 SUVR in males with ASD. Preliminary evidence of regionally elevated mitochondrial protein TSPO relative to whole brain mean in ASD females may reflect neuroimmuno-metabolic alterations specific to females with ASD.
Risk of childhood neoplasms related to neonatal phototherapy- a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kuitunen Ilari , Nikkilä Atte , Kiviranta Panu , Jääskeläinen Johanna , Auvinen Anssi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Context
Observational studies have shown conflicting results as to whether exposure to neonatal phototherapy is associated with increased rates of childhood cancer.

Objective
To describe the rates of childhood neoplasms and cancer after neonatal phototherapy.

Data sources
The CENTRAL, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.

Study selection
Observational studies regardless of design were included.

Data extraction
The data were extracted by one author and validated by another. The risk-of-bias assessment was performed using the ROBINS-E and Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools.

Results
Six cohort and 10 case-control studies were included. The overall risk of bias was high in seven and low in nine studies. In cohort studies, the odds ratio (OR) was increased for hematopoietic cancer (1.44; confidence interval [CI]: 1.16–1.80) and solid tumors (OR: 1.18; CI: 1.00–1.40). In case-control studies, the OR was 1.63 (CI: 0.99–2.67) for hematopoietic cancers and 1.18 (CI: 1.04–1.34) for solid tumors.

Conclusions
Children with a history of neonatal phototherapy had increased risk of hematopoietic cancer and solid tumors. The evidence quality was limited due to the high risk of bias and potential residual confounding.

Impact statement

Exposure to neonatal phototherapy increased later risk of hematopoietic cancer and solid tumors.

This is the most comprehensive study on the association between phototherapy and cancer, but the evidence quality was limited due risk of bias and residual confounding.

Future large scale well conducted studies are still needed to better estimate the association and.
α-Synuclein triggers cofilin pathology and dendritic spine impairment via a PrPC-CCR5 dependent pathway
Authors: Oliveira da Silva Marina I. , Santejo Miguel , Babcock Isaac W. , Magalhães Ana , Minamide Laurie S. , Won Seok-Joon , Castillo Erika , Gerhardt Ellen , Fahlbusch Christiane , Swanson Raymond A. , Outeiro Tiago F. , Taipa Ricardo , Ruff Michael , Bamburg James R. , Liz Márcia A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCognitive dysfunction and dementia are critical symptoms of Lewy Body dementias (LBD). Specifically, alpha-synuclein (αSyn) accumulation in the hippocampus leading to synaptic dysfunction is linked to cognitive deficits in LBD. Here, we investigated the pathological impact of αSyn on hippocampal neurons. We report that either αSyn overexpression or αSyn pre-formed fibrils (PFFs) treatment triggers the formation of cofilin-actin rods, synapse disruptors, in cultured hippocampal neurons and in the hippocampus of synucleinopathy mouse models and of LBD patients. In vivo, cofilin pathology is present concomitantly with synaptic impairment and cognitive dysfunction. Rods generation prompted by αSyn involves the co-action of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) and the chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5). Importantly, we show that CCR5 inhibition, with a clinically relevant peptide antagonist, reverts dendritic spine impairment promoted by αSyn. Collectively, we detail the cellular and molecular mechanism through which αSyn disrupts hippocampal synaptic structure and we identify CCR5 as a novel therapeutic target to prevent synaptic impairment and cognitive dysfunction in LBD.
STING agonist diABZI enhances the cytotoxicity of T cell towards cancer cells
Authors: Wang Ling , Liang Zhaoduan , Guo Yunzhuo , Habimana Jean de Dieu , Ren Yuefei , Amissah Obed Boadi , Mukama Omar , Peng Siqi , Ding Xuanyan , Lv Linshuang , Li Junyi , Chen Min , Liu Zhaoming , Huang Rongqi , Zhang Yinchao , Li Yi , Li Zhiyuan , Sun Yirong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAntigen-specific T cell receptor-engineered T cell (TCR-T) based immunotherapy has proven to be an effective method to combat cancer. In recent years, cross-talk between the innate and adaptive immune systems may be requisite to optimize sustained antigen-specific immunity, and the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a promising therapeutic target for cancer immunotherapy. The level of expression or presentation of antigen in tumor cells affects the recognition and killing of tumor cells by TCR-T. This study aimed at investigating the potential of innate immune stimulation of T cells and engineered T cells to enhance immunotherapy for low-expression antigen cancer cells. We systematically investigated the function and mechanism of cross-talk between STING agonist diABZI and adaptive immune systems. We established NY-ESO-1 full knockout Mel526 cells for this research and found that diABZI activated STING media and TCR signaling pathways. In addition, the results of flow cytometry showed that antigens presentation from cancer cells induced by STING agonist diABZI also improved the affinity of TCR-T cells function against tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Our findings revealed that diABZI enhanced the immunotherapy efficacy of TCR-T by activating STING media and TCR signaling pathways, improving interferon-γ expression, and increasing antigens presentation of tumor cells. This indicates that STING agonist could be used as a strategy to promote TCR-T cancer immunotherapy.
FBXL8 inhibits post-myocardial infarction cardiac fibrosis by targeting Snail1 for ubiquitin-proteasome degradation
Authors: Li Ya , Zuo Caojian , Wu Xiaoyu , Ding Yu , Wei Yong , Chen Songwen , Lu Xiaofeng , Xu Juan , Liu Shaowen , Zhou Genqing , Cai Lidong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAbnormal cardiac fibrosis is the main pathological change of post-myocardial infarction (MI) heart failure. Although the E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXL8 is a key regulator in the cell cycle, cell proliferation, and inflammation, its role in post-MI ventricular fibrosis and heart failure remains unknown. FBXL8 was primarily expressed in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and remarkably decreased in CFs treated by TGFβ and heart subjected to MI. The echocardiography and histology data suggested that adeno-associated viruses (AAV9)-mediated FBXL8 overexpression had improved cardiac function and ameliorated post-MI cardiac fibrosis. In vitro, FBXL8 overexpression prevented TGFβ-induced proliferation, migration, contraction, and collagen secretion in CFs, while knockdown of FBXL8 demonstrated opposite effects. Mechanistically, FBXL8 interacted with Snail1 to promote Snail1 degradation through the ubiquitin–proteasome system and decreased the activation of RhoA. Moreover, the FBXL8ΔC3 binding domain was indispensable for Snail1 interaction and degradation. Ectopic Snail1 expression partly abolished the effects mediated by FBXL8 overexpression in CFs treated by TGFβ. These results characterized the role of FBXL8 in regulating the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of Snail1 and revealed the underlying molecular mechanism of how MI up-regulated the myofibroblasts differentiation-inducer Snail1 and suggested that FBXL8 may be a potential curative target for improving post-MI cardiac function.
AAV-mediated upregulation of VDAC1 rescues the mitochondrial respiration and sirtuins expression in a SOD1 mouse model of inherited ALS
Authors: Magrì Andrea , Lipari Cristiana Lucia Rita , Caccamo Antonella , Battiato Giuseppe , Conti Nibali Stefano , De Pinto Vito , Guarino Francesca , Messina Angela 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction represents one of the most common molecular hallmarks of both sporadic and familial forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the selective degeneration and death of motor neurons. The accumulation of misfolded proteins on and within mitochondria, as observed for SOD1 G93A mutant, correlates with a drastic reduction of mitochondrial respiration and the inhibition of metabolites exchanges, including ADP/ATP and NAD+/NADH, across the Voltage-Dependent Anion-selective Channel 1 (VDAC1), the most abundant channel protein of the outer mitochondrial membrane. Here, we show that the AAV-mediated upregulation of VDAC1 in the spinal cord of transgenic mice expressing SOD1 G93A completely rescues the mitochondrial respiratory profile. This correlates with the increased activity and levels of key regulators of mitochondrial functions and maintenance, namely the respiratory chain Complex I and the sirtuins (Sirt), especially Sirt3. Furthermore, the selective increase of these mitochondrial proteins is associated with an increase in Tom20 levels, the receptor subunit of the TOM complex. Overall, our results indicate that the overexpression of VDAC1 has beneficial effects on ALS-affected tissue by stabilizing the Complex I-Sirt3 axis.
Quantitative evaluation of OCT angiography images in healthy and glaucomatous subjects through a novel approach: exploring inter-image variability
Authors: Cassottana Paola , Iester Costanza , Bonzano Laura , Traverso Carlo E. , Iester Michele 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to investigate inter-image intra-observer variability of macular, and optic disc (ONH) microvasculature measurements of glaucomatous and normal subjects using Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A) (OCT Topcon ImageNet 6; DRI OCT Triton, Topcon Corporation, JAPAN) - based imaging data analysis and processing with a newly made quantitative approach.

Methods
A total of 20 glaucomatous and 20 healthy eyes underwent three OCT-A scanning of the ONH and macula. Macular and papillary and peripapillary vascular networks were calculated. For each eye, eighteen scans were analyzed using a novel approach: custom MATLAB 2021b scripts were employed for imaging analyses. Grayscale distribution was performed using the histcounts MATLAB function with 51 bins. For all layers, the vascular layer coefficient of variation (vl CoV) of the three measures were performed. The vl CoV difference between the two groups was analyzed by Student t-test.

Results
In glaucomatous eyes, the vl CoV ranged from 4.49% to 8.54%, while in the control group from 3.58% to 8.32%. Both groups exhibited higher CoVs when assessing the optic disc. The papillary and macular microvasculature reproducibility was comparable between groups.

Conclusions
Utilizing Swept-Source OCT-A images our study has identified an easy and reproducible method that appears to be fast and can assist physicians in assessing macular and ONH perfusion with less inter-image variability, particularly in the 70 μm superficial area of the optic disc. The high reliability obtained suggested that this method could be useful as early clinical biomarker.
A plant NLR receptor employs ABA central regulator PP2C-SnRK2 to activate antiviral immunity
Authors: Huang Shen , Wang Chunli , Ding Zixuan , Zhao Yaqian , Dai Jing , Li Jia , Huang Haining , Wang Tongkai , Zhu Min , Feng Mingfeng , Ji Yinghua , Zhang Zhongkai , Tao Xiaorong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDefence against pathogens relies on intracellular nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat immune receptors (NLRs) in plants. Hormone signaling including abscisic acid (ABA) pathways are activated by NLRs and play pivotal roles in defence against different pathogens. However, little is known about how hormone signaling pathways are activated by plant immune receptors. Here, we report that a plant NLR Sw-5b mimics the behavior of the ABA receptor and directly employs the ABA central regulator PP2C-SnRK2 complex to activate an ABA-dependent defence against viral pathogens. PP2C4 interacts with and constitutively inhibits SnRK2.3/2.4. Behaving in a similar manner as the ABA receptor, pathogen effector ligand recognition triggers the conformational change of Sw-5b NLR that enables binding to PP2C4 via the NB domain. This receptor-PP2C4 binding interferes with the interaction between PP2C4 and SnRK2.3/2.4, thereby releasing SnRK2.3/2.4 from PP2C4 inhibition to activate an ABA-specific antiviral immunity. These findings provide important insights into the activation of hormone signaling pathways by plant immune receptors.
Photocatalytic Z/E isomerization unlocking the stereodivergent construction of axially chiral alkene frameworks
Authors: Wang Jie , Gu Jun , Zou Jia-Yu , Zhang Meng-Jie , Shen Rui , Ye Zhiwen , Xu Ping-Xun , He Ying 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe past century has witnessed a large number of reports on the Z/E isomerization of alkenes. However, the vast majority of them are still limited to the isomerization of di- and tri-substituted alkenes. The stereospecific Z/E isomerization of tetrasubstituted alkenes remains to be an underdeveloped area, thus lacking in a stereodivergent synthesis of axially chiral alkenes. Herein we report the atroposelective synthesis of tetrasubstituted alkene analogues by asymmetric allylic substitution-isomerization, followed by their Z/E isomerization via triplet energy transfer photocatalysis. In this regard, the stereodivergent synthesis of axially chiral N-vinylquinolinones is achieved efficiently. Mechanistic studies indicate that the benzylic radical generation and distribution are two key factors for preserving the enantioselectivities of axially chiral compounds.
One substrate many enzymes virtual screening uncovers missing genes of carnitine biosynthesis in human and mouse
Authors: Malatesta Marco , Fornasier Emanuele , Di Salvo Martino Luigi , Tramonti Angela , Zangelmi Erika , Peracchi Alessio , Secchi Andrea , Polverini Eugenia , Giachin Gabriele , Battistutta Roberto , Contestabile Roberto , Percudani Riccardo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe increasing availability of experimental and computational protein structures entices their use for function prediction. Here we develop an automated procedure to identify enzymes involved in metabolic reactions by assessing substrate conformations docked to a library of protein structures. By screening AlphaFold-modeled vitamin B6-dependent enzymes, we find that a metric based on catalytically favorable conformations at the enzyme active site performs best (AUROC Score=0.84) in identifying genes associated with known reactions. Applying this procedure, we identify the mammalian gene encoding hydroxytrimethyllysine aldolase (HTMLA), the second enzyme of carnitine biosynthesis. Upon experimental validation, we find that the top-ranked candidates, serine hydroxymethyl transferase (SHMT) 1 and 2, catalyze the HTMLA reaction. However, a mouse protein absent in humans (threonine aldolase; Tha1) catalyzes the reaction more efficiently. Tha1 did not rank highest based on the AlphaFold model, but its rank improved to second place using the experimental crystal structure we determined at 2.26 Å resolution. Our findings suggest that humans have lost a gene involved in carnitine biosynthesis, with HTMLA activity of SHMT partially compensating for its function.
Extreme terahertz magnon multiplication induced by resonant magnetic pulse pairs
Authors: Huang C. , Luo L. , Mootz M. , Shang J. , Man P. , Su L. , Perakis I. E. , Yao Y. X. , Wu A. , Wang J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNonlinear interactions of spin-waves and their quanta, magnons, have emerged as prominent candidates for interference-based technology, ranging from quantum transduction to antiferromagnetic spintronics. Yet magnon multiplication in the terahertz (THz) spectral region represents a major challenge. Intense, resonant magnetic fields from THz pulse-pairs with controllable phases and amplitudes enable high order THz magnon multiplication, distinct from non-resonant nonlinearities such as the high harmonic generation by below-band gap electric fields. Here, we demonstrate exceptionally high-order THz nonlinear magnonics. It manifests as 7th-order spin-wave-mixing and 6th harmonic magnon generation in an antiferromagnetic orthoferrite. We use THz two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy to achieve high-sensitivity detection of nonlinear magnon interactions up to six-magnon quanta in strongly-driven many-magnon correlated states. The high-order magnon multiplication, supported by classical and quantum spin simulations, elucidates the significance of four-fold magnetic anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya symmetry breaking. Moreover, our results shed light on the potential quantum fluctuation properties inherent in nonlinear magnons.