bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solid state blending of poly(ethylene terephthalate) with polystyrene: Extent of PET amorphization and compositional effects on crystallizability
Authors: Schexnaydre Ryan J. , Mitchell Brian S. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractPolystyrene (PS) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) were blended together in the solid state via cryogenic mechanical attrition (CMA) and in the melt through conventional twin‐screw extrusion. CMA PS/PET blend morphologies were characterized both qualitatively and quantitatively through microscopy and thermal analysis. Specifically, CMA reduced the dispersed‐phase domain size and its distribution relative to simple melt extrusion, although not to the extent attained with added chemical compatibilizers. CMA also amorphized the PET phase and depressed the PET cold crystallization rate, which was measured by post‐CMA nonisothermal MDSC analysis. The PET amorphization efficiency and crystallizability for CMA PS/PET blends were the highest and lowest, respectively, at the PS/PET phase inversion. These concomitant phenomena are known to be caused by CMA‐induced PET crystal defect formation and subsequent entropic stabilization. Such behaviors are linked to the enhanced presence of an uncrystallizable rigid amorphous PET phase, and the weight fraction of this rigid amorphous fraction (RAF PET) was quantified and also maximized near the PS/PET phase inversion. Moreover, the increased compatibilization and amorphization efficiencies and reduced PET crystallizability were determined to be interdependent. These studies have verified that CMA of PET with PS is more efficient than extrusion due to the formation of nonequilibrium, metastable morphologies that can be more precisely controlled and better stabilized with an interesting, composition‐dependent interplay between PET crystallizability and the extent of PS/PET compatibilization. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 1348–1359, 2008
Preface: phys. stat. sol. (c) 5/7
Authors: Girlanda R. , Savona V. , Quattropani A. , Savasta S. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis issue contains the Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on the Optics of Excitons in Confined Systems. OECS‐10 is the tenth of a very successful series of conferences that started in 1987 in Rome, Italy, and has been addressed to scientists who lead fundamental and applied research on the optical properties of excitons in novel condensed‐matter nanostructures. The 2007 meeting brought together a large representative of the world leading actors in this domain, with the aim of stimulating the exchange of ideas, promoting international collaborations, and coordinating research on the newest exciton‐related issues such as quantum information science and exciton quantum‐collective phenomena. The main topics treated were: heterostructures of low dimensionality, quantum wells, quantum wires and quantum dots, polaritons, quantum optics with excitons and polaritons, quantum coherence and quantum‐phase manipulation, Bose–Einstein condensation and other collective phenomena, excitons in novel materials.The success of the conference has also been possible thanks to the invaluable help of Giovanna Martino, Giuseppe Pistone, and Omar Di Stefano, who undertook all the local organization tasks. Finally, we would like to acknowledge the financial andtechnical support ofEcole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)Fondazione Umberto Bonino & Maria Sofia PulejoDipartimento di Fisica della Materia e Tecnologie Fisiche Avanzate, Universita' degli Studi di MessinaDottorato di Ricerca in Tecnologie Avanzate per l'Optoelettronica e la Fotonica e Modellizzazione ElettromagneticaThe success of this event has motivated the continuation of the series of OECS conferences. The 11th International Conference on the Optics of Excitons in Confined Systems will be organized in Spain in September 2009 and will be chaired by Prof. Luis Viña.Messina, Patti, September 2007
Carrier dynamics of straininduced quantum dots and THz radiation‐induced exciton cooling
Authors: Boxberg Fredrik , Tulkki Jukka 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe cover picture of this issue of physica status solidi (c) has been taken from the article [1]. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Study of the structure‐activity relationship for theoretical molecular descriptors using density functional theory and chemometric methods in cannabinoid metabolites
Authors: e Silva Tânia B. , Pereira Mariano A. , Malta Valéria S. , Bento Edson S. , San‐Miguel Miguel A. , Ziolli Roberta L. , Martins João B. L. , Sih Andre , Taft Carlton A. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA set of 30 cannabinoid metabolites has been investigated from a combination of electronic and chemometric methods. Density functional calculations have been carried out to obtain optimized geometries, energies, and selected molecular properties. These molecular descriptors take into account steric effects, electronic properties, and chemical reactivity. The use of statistical methods including principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and nonhierarchical cluster analysis (K‐means), nearest neighbor (KNN) and artificial neural networks (ANN) has enabled to classify the compounds into psychoactive, moderately psychoactive and psychoinactive groups in good agreement with experimental evidences. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2008
New benchmarks for the second‐order correlation energies of Ne and Ar through the finite element MP2 method
Authors: Flores Jesús R. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe finite element second‐order Møller–Plesset method has been employed to improve the accuracy of the second‐order correlation energies of symmetry‐adapted electron pairs and to provide values for the coefficient of the leading term of their asymptotic expansions (AEs). The use of multigrid procedures in combination with radial extrapolation techniques and the improvement of angular extrapolation procedures through the use of AE coefficients obtained from the Hartree–Fock wave function (K. Jankowski et al., Mol. Phys. 2006, 104, 2213) have lead to a considerable improvement over previous results. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2008
Factors in random graphs
Authors: Johansson Anders , Kahn Jeff , Vu Van 
Published: May 2008

AbstractLet H be a fixed graph on v vertices. For an n‐vertex graph G with n divisible by v, an H‐factor of G is a collection of n/v copies of H whose vertex sets partition V (G).In this work, we consider the threshold thH(n) of the property that an Erdős‐Rényi random graph (on n points) contains an H‐factor. Our results determine thH(n) for all strictly balanced H.The method here extends with no difficulty to hypergraphs. As a corollary, we obtain the threshold for a perfect matching in random k‐uniform hypergraph, solving the well‐known “Shamir's problem.” © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2008
A location‐based service advertisement algorithm for pervasive service discovery in wireless mobile networks
Authors: Yang Kun , Todd Chris , Li Jie , Georgalas Nektarios , Azmoodeh Manooch 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe practical success of pervasive services running in mobile wireless networks relies largely on its flexibility in providing adaptive and cost‐effective services. Service discovery is an essential mechanism to achieve this goal. As an enhancement to our previous work for service discovery, that is, model‐based service discovery (MBSD), this paper proposes a location‐based service advertisement (SA) algorithm named as MBSD‐sa. MBSD‐sa advocates the importance of service location to the service availability and integrates the service location information together with the service semantic information into service information for advertisement. MBSD‐sa utilizes prediction to estimate the service location so as to reduce the number of SA messages (SAMs). Two complementary types of SA mechanisms (Types 1 and 2) are employed by MBSD‐sa to strike the balance between the SAM overhead and the accuracy of service information. The performance of MBSD‐sa is analyzed both numerically and using simulations. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Localized power‐aware alternate routing for wireless ad hoc networks
Authors: Zhang Baoxian , Mouftah Hussein T. , Zhao Zhuang , Ma Jian 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this paper, we design a localized power‐aware alternate routing (LPAR) protocol for dynamic wireless ad hoc networks. The design objective is to prolong the lifetime of wireless ad hoc networks wherein nodes can adaptively adjust their transmission power based on communication ranges. LPAR achieves this goalviatwo phases. In the first phase, energy draining balancing is achieved by identifying end‐to‐end paths with high residual energy. The second phase is designed to effectively reduce the power consumed for packet forwarding. This is achieved by iteratively performing adaptive localized power‐aware alternate rerouting to bypass each (potentially) high‐power link along the end‐to‐end path identified in the first phase. Further, the design of LPAR enables nodes to collect their neighborhood information ‘on‐demand’, which can effectively reduce the overhead for gathering such information. LPAR is suitable for both homogeneous and non‐homogeneous networks. Simulation results demonstrate that LPAR achieves improved performance in reducing protocol overhead and also in prolonging network lifetime as compared with existing work. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae type 1-induced haemolytic uraemic syndrome
Authors: Mark Taylor C. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractHaemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) can be classified according to the aetiology of the different disorders from which it is composed. The most prevalent form is that induced by shigatoxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and, in some tropical regions, by Shigella dysenteriae type 1. STEC cause a zoonosis, are widely distributed in nature, enter the food chain in different ways, and show regional differences. Not all STEC are human pathogens. Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli usually cause attachment and effacing lesions in the intestine. This is not essential, but production of a shigatoxin (Stx) is. Because Stx are encoded by a bacteriophage, this property is transferable to naïve strains. Laboratory methods have improved by identifying STEC either via the toxin or its bacteriophage. Shigella dysenteriae type 1 produces shigatoxin, identical to Stx-1, but also has entero-invasive properties that enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) do not. Shigella patients risk bacteremia and benefit from early antibiotic treatment, unlike those with EHEC.
Importance of the understory stratum to entomofaunal diversity in a temperate deciduous forest
Authors: Hirao Toshihide , Murakami Masashi , Kashizaki Akira 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe vertical stratification of lepidopteran and coleopteran communities in a cool‐temperate deciduous forest in Japan was examined to evaluate the hypothesis of an expected uniform distribution of mobile flying insects between the canopy and understory of temperate forests. Lepidopteran and coleopteran insects were trapped using light traps at three sites in each of the canopy and understory for three consecutive nights each month from April to October 2001. For Lepidoptera, species richness, abundance, and family richness were significantly higher in the understory than in the canopy. For Coleoptera, only abundance was larger in the canopy relative to the understory; species and family richness did not differ between the strata. The beta diversity of the lepidopteran community was larger between the strata than among sites, but the coleopteran community showed an inverse pattern. These results imply the presence of vertical stratification within the lepidopteran community, but not within the coleopteran community, in the temperate forest. The understory contributes more than the canopy to lepidopteran diversity in the temperate forest, although this stratification may be relatively weak because, in contrast to the situation in tropical forests, the canopy and understory assemblages share many species.
Surface Morphological and Nanomechanical Properties of PLD-Derived ZnO Thin Films
Authors: Jian Sheng-Rui , Teng I-Ju , Yang Ping-Feng , Lai Yi-Shao , Lu Jian-Ming , Chang Jee-Gong , Ju Shin-Pon 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
This study reports the surface roughness and nanomechanical characteristics of ZnO thin films deposited on the various substrates, obtained by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM), nanoindentation and nanoscratch techniques. ZnO thin films are deposited on (a- and c-axis) sapphires and (0001) 6H-SiC substrates by using the pulsed-laser depositions (PLD) system. Continuous stiffness measurements (CSM) technique is used in the nanoindentation tests to determine the hardness and Young’s modulus of ZnO thin films. The importance of the ratio (H/E
film) of elastic to plastic deformation during nanoindentation of ZnO thin films on their behaviors in contact-induced damage during fabrication of ZnO-based devices is considered. In addition, the friction coefficient of ZnO thin films is also presented here.
Hydroxy Radical, Hexanal, and Decadienal Generation by Autocatalysts in Autoxidation of Linoleate Alone and with Eleostearate
Authors: Morita Makio , Tokita Masako 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe formation of hydroxy radicals, hexanal, and 2,4‐decadienal was demonstrated from the autocatalytic dimer peroxide which had been reported by us in autoxidizing linoleate (Morita and Tokita in Lipids 41:91–95, 2006). Then, autoxidizing linoleate containing eleostearate was investigated for new autocatalytic substances. The substances obtained were identified as peroxide‐linked polymers consisting of both linoleate‐ and eleostearate‐origin units with one hydroperoxy group, and also revealed activity of hydroxy‐radical generation. The background of this study is as follows: the above paper reported this autocatalytic dimer peroxide as one of the real radical generators in linoleate autoxidation; this is a peroxide‐linked dimer consisting of two linoleate moieties with two hydroperoxy groups, and was much more important than the main‐product hydroperoxide in autocatalytic radical supply; its proposed decomposition mechanism has suggested the generation of hydroxy radicals, hexanal, and 2,4‐decadienal; on the other hand, analogy to the formation mechanism of this dimer peroxide has predicted the formation of similar polymeric products from conjugated polyene components in lipids. In this study, these two predictions were successfully verified and a discussion is presented in connection with them.
Genetik und Klinik der seltenen autosomal rezessiven hämorrhagischen Diathesen
Authors: Ivaskevicius V. 
Published: May 2008

Zusammenfassung
Blutfluss und Integrität des Gefäßsystems werden von einem komplexen Netzwerk von Hämostaseproteinen aufrechterhalten. Mittels molekularbiologischer Techniken wurden die dazugehörigen Gene identifiziert und kloniert. Dies stellte die Grundlage für die Entwicklung verschiedener rekombinanter Gerinnungsfaktorenkonzentrate dar. Eine Analyse dieser Gene ermöglicht eine Phänotyp-Genotyp-Korrelation bei Patienten mit hämorrhagischen oder thromboembolischen Erkrankungen und auch die Untersuchung von Struktur-Wirkungs-Beziehungen der betroffenen Proteine. Abgesehen von den Gerinnungsfaktoren VIII und IX werden mit einer Blutungsneigung einhergehende Mangelzustände der Gerinnungsfaktoren Fibrinogen, FII, FV, FVII, FX, FXI und FXIII (außer einer Dysfibrinogenämie) autosomal rezessiv vererbt und repräsentieren 3–5% aller hereditären Gerinnungsfaktorenmängel. Die Prävalenzen der homozygoten Formen in der Gesamtbevölkerung schwanken zwischen 1:500.000 für den Faktor-VII- und 1:1.000.000 z. B. für den Faktor-V-Mangel.
The effect of Crataegus oxycantha special extract WS 1442 on clinical progression in patients with mild to moderate symptoms of heart failure☆
Authors: Zick Suzanna M. , Gillespie Brenda , Aaronson Keith D. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractAimTo examine whether hawthorn (Crataegus Special Extract WS 1442 {CSE}) inhibits progression in heart failure (HF) patients.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of data from the HERB CHF study in which patients with mild to moderate HF were randomised to either CSE 900 mg or placebo for 6months. The primary outcome was time to progression of HF (HF death, hospitalisation, or sustained increase in diuretics) as assessed by log‐rank tests and by Cox modelling.ResultsProgression of HF occurred in 46.6% of the CSE and 43.3% of the placebo groups (OR 1.14, 95% CI=0.56, 2.35: p=0.86). Patients receiving CSE were 3.9 times (95% CI=1.1−13.7: p=0.035) more likely to experience HF progression at baseline. In adjusted analysis, the risk of having early HF progression in the CSE group increased to 6.4 (95% CI=1.5, 26.5: p=0.011). In patients with LVEF≤35%, those taking CSE were at significantly greater risk (3.2, 95% CI=1.3, 8.3: p=0.02) than the placebo group.ConclusionsCSE does not reduce heart failure progression in patients who have HF. CSE appears to increase the early risk of HF progression.
A population‐based survey of beliefs about neck pain from whiplash injury, work‐related neck pain, and work‐related upper extremity pain
Authors: Bostick Geoff P. , Ferrari Robert , Carroll Linda J. , Russell Anthony S. , Buchbinder Rachelle , Krawciw Donald , Gross Douglas P. 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTBackground: Beliefs about pain conditions appear to influence recovery in a variety of musculoskeletal conditions. Little is known about population beliefs about neck and arm pain.Aims: To evaluate population beliefs of three common musculoskeletal conditions: work‐related neck and arm pain and whiplash injury (WAD).Methods: Mail‐out surveys were delivered to 2000 adult residents of two Canadian provinces cross‐sectionally. To evaluate beliefs about the three conditions, the back beliefs questionnaire was modified yielding three comparable 10‐item measures. In addition, we inquired about the belief about how quickly the condition settles. Respondents indicated their level of agreement on a 5‐point Likert scale with lower scores interpreted as negative or pessimistic. Overall and item specific descriptive statistics are reported. A one‐way repeated measures ANOVA was performed to compare beliefs across conditions.Results: Three hundred (15%) surveys were returned. Overall belief scores were different across conditions (p<0.001). Post‐hoc tests revealed beliefs about whiplash injury were more negative compared to the other conditions (p<0.017). There were moderate levels of uncertainty in the responses, especially in regard to whiplash injury. For items related to active coping, over 55% of respondents agreed that remaining active and exercising was important. The sample was pessimistic in regard to recovery and resuming usual activities for all conditions, but more so in the case of WAD.Conclusions: Population beliefs related to neck pain, arm pain, and WAD in the two Canadian provinces sampled were consistent with the literature in regard to remaining active, but appeared misinformed relating to the prognosis of these conditions. Strategies for reeducating the public are indicated.
Dietary chia seed (Salvia hispanicaL.) rich in α-linolenic acid improves adiposity and normalises hypertriacylglycerolaemia and insulin resistance in dyslipaemic rats
Authors: Chicco Adriana G. , D'Alessandro Maria E. , Hein Gustavo J. , Oliva Maria E. , Lombardo Yolanda B. 
Published: May 2008

The present study investigates the benefits of the dietary intake of chia seed (Salvia hispanicaL.) rich in α-linolenic acid and fibre upon dyslipidaemia and insulin resistance (IR), induced by intake of a sucrose-rich (62·5 %) diet (SRD). To achieve these goals two sets of experiments were designed: (i) to study the prevention of onset of dyslipidaemia and IR in Wistar rats fed during 3 weeks with a SRD in which chia seed was the dietary source of fat; (ii) to analyse the effectiveness of chia seed in improving or reversing the metabolic abnormalities described above. Rats were fed a SRD during 3 months; by the end of this period, stable dyslipidaemia and IR were present in the animals. From months 3–5, half the animals continued with the SRD and the other half were fed a SRD in which the source of fat was substituted by chia seed (SRD+chia). The control group received a diet in which sucrose was replaced by maize starch. The results showed that: (i) dietary chia seed prevented the onset of dyslipidaemia and IR in the rats fed the SRD for 3 weeks – glycaemia did not change; (ii) dyslipidaemia and IR in the long-term SRD-fed rats were normalised without changes in insulinaemia when chia seed provided the dietary fat during the last 2 months of the feeding period. Dietary chia seed reduced the visceral adiposity present in the SRD rats. The present study provides new data regarding the beneficial effect of chia seed upon lipid and glucose homeostasis in an experimental model of dislipidaemia and IR.
Eosinophil infiltration of nasal polyps in patients with nasal polyposis: role in clinical evolution after medical and surgical treatment
Authors: Bonfils P , Badoual C , Bonfils N A , Gallas D , Malinvaud D 
Published: May 2008

AbstractObjective:In patients with severe nasal polyposis resistant to strict medical treatment, surgery is indicated, but no prognostic factors for surgery efficacy have yet been determined. Some authors suggest that eosinophilic infiltration of nasal polyps could indicate a risk of surgical ineffectiveness.Methods:Surgical plus medical treatment was evaluated over a mean follow-up period of 64 months. One hundred and forty-four subjects were separated into two groups: those with eosinophilic infiltration of >50 per cent (n = 73); and those with ≤50 per cent infiltration (n = 71).Results:Combined surgery and corticosteroid therapy was effective in the treatment of severe nasal polyposis. No significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of control of nasal obstruction and sense of smell loss. However, a significant difference was found in terms of control of posterior rhinorrhoea (p = 0.01).Conclusion:Eosinophilic infiltration influences the outcome of nasal polyposis surgery, mainly regarding control of posterior rhinorrhoea. It could be considered as a risk factor for surgery in patients with nasal polyposis.