bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies on the polyoma‐virus‐induced tumor‐specific transplantation antigen (TSTA) ‐ does middle or large T‐antigen play a role?
Authors: Dalianis Tina , Ramqvist Torbjörn , Klein George 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMice and rats could be immunized against the polyoma‐virus‐induced tumor‐specific transplantation antigen (TSTA) by repeated inoculation of frozen or irradiated cells of an MT‐cDNA‐transformed rat cell line (2.8) that contains only the polyoma middle T‐antigen, or by cells that carried a host range mutant and expressed a full‐length large T‐antigen, but only non‐functional N‐terminal fragments of small and middle T. This shows that neither large T nor an intact middle T is necessary to elicit a polyoma tumor‐specific graft rejection response. Either one of them is sufficient by itself.
Exogenous hormone use and fibrocystic breast disease by histopathologic component
Authors: Berkowitz Gertrud S. , Kelsey Jennifer L. , Livolsi Virginia A. , Merino Maria J. , Holford Theodore R. , Hildreth Nancy G. , Ort Sharon , O'Connor Theresa Z. , White Colin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a hospital‐based case‐control study of 590 women with biopsy‐proven fibrocystic breast disease and 1,018 control women with other surgical conditions, no linear relationship was evident between the use of oral contraceptives or of estrogen replacement therapy and the degree of epithelial atypia of the fibrocystic lesions. Case‐control and intracase comparisons suggested that oral contraceptive use might be associated with an increased occurrence of sclerosing adenosis among the premenopausal women and of gross cysts among the postmenopausal women. Estrogen replacement therapy, which was positively associated with fibrocystic breast disease as a whole among the postmenopausal women, was most frequently used among the cases whose biopsy specimens exhibited gross cysts, papillomatosis or papillary hyperplasia.
Differentiation of human myeloid leukemic cells by phorbol esters: Correlation with tumor promotion
Authors: Fibach Eitan , Agranat Israel , Rachmilewitz Eliezer A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of the plant diterpenes, phorbol derivatives and mezerein, on differentiation of various human myeloid leukemic cells to macrophages was determined. The results indicate that, within the group of phorbol esters tested, a correlation exists between the potency of the compounds as inducers of differentiation and their reported potency as tumor promoters. However, mezerein and 12‐O‐retinoylphorbol 13‐acetate, which promote tumors only weakly or not at all, were found to be efficient inducers. The efficiency of all the active phorbol derivatives, including the weak inducers, also known to be weak promoters, could be potentiated by pretreatment of the cells with retinoids, compounds which have been reported to inhibit tumor promotion. Similar results were obtained in 3 different established cell lines, as well as in short‐term cultures of cells obtained from patients with acute myeloid leukemia. The results suggest that the activities of the diterpenes as tumor promoters and inducers of differentiation are not necessarily linked. Moreover, certain conditions which are unfavorable for tumor promotion may not affect or even potentiate induction of differentiation.
Tumorigenicity of human lymphoblastoid cell lines, acquired during in vitro culture and associated with chromosome gains
Authors: Morten J. E. N. , Hay J. H. , Steel C. M. , Foster M. E. , De C. L. , Busuttil Angelis A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTumorigenicity of human lymphoma and lymphoblastoid B‐cell lines was assessed by their ability to form growing and transplantable masses on subcutaneous inoculation into neonatally thymectomized, Ara‐C‐protected, totalbody‐irradiated mice. By these criteria, 12 lines of known malignant origin were tumorigenic, 11 lymphoblastoid lines, tested after less than one year of in vitro growth, were non‐tumorigenic and 8/18 long‐established lymphoblastoid lines produced transplantable tumours. All of the long‐established lines had acquired karyotypic changes on prolonged culture, the predominant characteristic being a gain of whole chromosomes or of major chromosome segments. None showed the classical 8:14 translocation associated with Burkitt's lymphoma. Comparisons with nontumorigenic precursors (recovered from liquid nitrogen storage) and with other non‐tumorigenic but chromosomally abnormal, lymphoblastoid lines suggest that imbalance of the dosage of genes carried on chromosomes 7,8 and 9 may be important in determining the tumorigenic phenotype.
Isolation of a tumor‐associated transplantation antigen (TATA) from an SV40‐induced sarcoma. Resemblance to the TATA of chemically induced neoplasms
Authors: Dubois Garrett C. , Appella Ettore , Law Lloyd W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA tumor rejection antigen (TATA), obtained from the cytosol of a BALB/c mKSA sarcoma induced by SV40 virus, has been partially purified. This partially purified antigen is strikingly immunogenic against mKSA, providing more than 90% inhibition of growth at levels of 10‐30 ũg. This antigen preparation does not protect against challenge with another SV40‐induced BALB/c sarcoma VLM which, however, shares a group‐specific TATA with mKSA. The antigen also does not immunize against challenge with the methylcholanthrene‐induced sarcomas of BALB/c mice, Meth A, CI‐4, CII‐7 and CII‐10, each of which has its own unique TATA. Binding assays, using ELISA, failed to detect any SV40 antigen in the antigen preparation despite the fact that the large T antigen of SV40 (or fragments of it) constitutes the immunodominant TATA of mKSA.
The differential expression of H‐2K versus H‐2D antigens, distinguishing high‐ metastatic from low‐ metastatic clones, is correlated with the immunogenic properties of the tumor cells
Authors: Eisenbach Lea , Hollander Nurit , Greenfeld Lea , Yakor Hadas , Segal Shraga , Feldman Michael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo clones of the 3LL Lewis lung carcinoma, a low‐metastatic clone A9 and a high‐metastatic clone D122, were studied for MHC expression and immunogenic properties. Using monoclonal antibodies, we demonstrated that the A9 clone expresses both the H‐2Kb and the H‐2Db, whereas the D122 expresses only the H‐2Db, and lacks the expression of the H‐2Kb encoded molecules. Cells of the low‐metastatic clone A9 grew progressively in syngeneic (C57BL/6J) or in F1 mice, but were rejected in allogeneic recipients. The high‐metastatic D122 grew progressively in all mouse strains tested, yet metastases were formed only in syngeneic recipients. When H‐2 recombinant mice were used, the A9 again manifested a significantly greater immunogenic potency than the metastatic D122, which grew in all 4 recombinants tested. Metastases, however, were formed in B10HTG and to a lesser extent in B10A(4R), thus indicating that metastasis formation is restricted by both C57BL background and H‐2Db sub region. We subsequently tested whether the higher immunogenicity of the H‐2Kb‐positive A9 cells is expressed also in syngeneic mice, to examine whether this could account for its low metastatic phenotype. We found that immunization by A9 cells significantly inhibited the growth of a subsequent A9 graft and even of D122, yet D122 did not retard the growth of secondary D122 or A9 cells. The increased immunogenic effect was expressed also in the generation of syngeneic cytotoxic lymphocytes by A9 but not by D122 cells. We suggest that expression of H‐2K molecules on the 3LL clones, immunogenicity and the metastatic phenotype are causally related in this system.
Distribution of tumor‐sensitized cells during the induction of permanent tumor regression by chemoimmunotherapy: The use of glucose phosphate isomerase as a marker
Authors: Evans Robert , Duffy Theodore M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUsing a previously described tumor model system, in which permanent tumor eradication was induced by treatment with cyclophosphamide (CY) and adoptively transferred tumor‐sensitized (immune) spleen cells, we determined the distribution of the transferred cells in recipient mice. The experiments were carried out using the C57BL/ 6J (B6) sarcoma, MCA/76‐9, and B6 and congeneic B6, CAST.Gpi‐1a strains, which are homozygous for the glucose phosphate isomerase (Gpi) alleles 1b and 1a respectively. Thus, tumor‐bearing mice of the one strain were injected with CY (200 mg/kg) 10 days after implantation of tumor cells and 4 h later with an intravenous injection of 50 × 104 immune cells from presensitized mice of the other strain. It was observed that the donor‐type isozyme was expressed in the tumor within 24 h of injection and continuously up to the time at which the tumor mass had totally regressed (11 days). The tumor‐associated macrophage and neutrophil fractions were shown to express host‐type isozyme, while the lymphocyte fraction expressed isozyme of both host and donor type. The donor‐type isozyme did not appear in the blood until day 4 but persisted thereafter for long periods. The spleen and lymph nodes expressed donor‐type isozyme by 1 day after chemoimmunotherapy and remained positive for the duration of the experiments. The adoptive transfer of normal (non‐immune) spleen cells gave similar results, except that donor‐type isozyme did not persist at the tumor site. The conclusion reached was that the injection of either normal or immune donor spleen cells after CY treatment of B6 mice gave rise to chimeric mice, in which the distribution of normal and immune donor cells was basically similar in terms of overall isozyme expression. However, only immune donor cells resulted in the appearance of both donor and host T cells at the tumor site, suggesting amplification of both donor and host lymphocyte function either at the tumor site or in the lymphoid tissues.
Immunohistological evidence, obtained with monoclonal antibodies, of small intestinal brush border hydrolases in human colon cancers and foetal colons
Authors: Zweibaum Alain , Hauri Hans‐Peter , Sterchi Erwin , Chantret Isabelle , Haffen Katy , Bamat Jeanine , Sordat Bernard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe expression of small intestinal hydrolases associated with the enterocyte brush border membrane was studied in human colon cancers and foetal colons, by means of monoclonal antibodies against human small intestinal sucrase‐isomaltase (SI), maltase‐glucoamylase (MGA), lactase (L), aminopeptidase N (APN), and dipeptidylpeptidase IV (DPP‐IV). The enzymes were visualized by indirect immunofluorescence on cryostat sections of tumors developed in nude mice with 6 human colon carcinoma cell lines (HT‐29, Caco‐2, SW‐480, HRT‐18, HCT‐8R, and Co‐115), of 27 primary colorectal carcinomas from patients, and of human foetal (16 to 20 weeks of gestation) and normal adult small intestines and colons. All 5 monoclonals bound to the brush border of the adult small intestine, but not to that of the adult colon mucosa. Antibodies against SI, APN and DPP‐IV also bound to the brush border of the foetal colons, to apical borders in HT‐29 and Caco‐2 tumors in nude mice, and to brush border‐like structures in 7/27 tumors from patients. No binding was observed for MGA and L in either tumors or foetal colons. Binding of anti‐SI antibodies to the brush border of the juxta‐tumoral mucosal epithelium was observed in 9/11 samples tested. These data indicate that some colon tumors exhibit a typical pattern of enterocytic differentiation which is of foetal type and which involves at least 3 brush border membrane hydrolases. Monoclonal antibodies to small intestinal hydrolases may, therefore, be important tools for identification and characterization of some differentiated colonic tumors.
Alcohol, smoking, social and occupational factors in the aetiology of cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx
Authors: Elwood J. M. , Pearson J. C. G. , Skippen D. H. , Jackson S. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case‐control study of 374 patients with primary epithelial cancers of the oral cavity, oro‐ and hypopharynx, and larynx is reported, the controls being patients with selected other cancers, matched for age and sex. Of all eligible patients, 93 % were interviewed. Increased risks were seen with alcohol consumption and, less strongly, with smoking, which for all sites could be adequately fitted by either a multiplicative or an additive model. However, the site‐specific relationships were different, alcohol consumption being significantly associated only with oral cavity, pharyngeal and extrinsic laryngeal tumours, and smoking only with intrinsic laryngeal tumours. Increased risks were associated with low socio‐economic status, the unmarried state, and poor dental care. No significant associations were seen with specific occupational exposures.
Early primary infection and high Epstein‐barr virus antibody titers in greenland eskimos at high risk for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Melbye Mads , Ebbesen Peter , Levine Paul H. , Bennike Torbjørn 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a comparative study of populations at high and low risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), sera from 442 Eskimo and 770 Danish children and adolescents were tested for the presence of antibodies against Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV). Eskimo children in Greenland were seropositive at an early age and showed significantly higher titers of IgG antibody to the viral capsid antigen (VCA) (p<0.0001) and soluble (S) antigen (p<.005) than Danes matched for age and sex, but had similar levels of IgA antibody to VCA and IgG antibody to the early antigen (EA). The high geometric mean VCA (IgG) titers found in certain age groups of Eskimo children were as high as those previously reported from areas in Africa highly endemic for Burkitt's lymphoma. In Greenland, neither location nor household size was a determining factor for prevalence or titer of VCA (IgG). The high antibody titers among Eskimo children probably reflect exposure to a large inoculum of EBV at the time of primary infection, infection early in life and/or re‐exposure due to the higher incidence of EBV infection in Greenland. In view of the high incidence of NPC in Greenland and the known association of this tumor with EBV, we speculate that the time and quantitative aspects of the primary infection are also factors of relevance in the etiology of NPC.
Basal lamina redevelopment in tumours metastatic to brain: An immunoperoxidase study using an antibody to type‐iv collagen
Authors: McArdle John P. , KonradMüller H. , Roff Bruce T. , Murphy William H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe basal lamina in a variety of metastatic tumours in brain was assessed with an antibody to type‐IV collagen and the indirect immunoperoxidase technique. The antibody was raised in rabbits against type‐IV collagen isolated from human placental tissue. Basal lamina redevelopment was demonstrated around individual melanoma cells, between melanoma cells and cerebral parenchyma, and at the tumour‐stroma interface in both metastatic melanoma and metastatic carcinoma. At the periphery of metastatic carcinomatous deposits, no basal lamina was observed between tumour cells and the adjacent cerebral parenchyma. Basal lamina staining other than that of cerebral vessels was absent in deposits of poorly differentiated tumours which were unaccompanied by the development of a tumour stroma. It is concluded that metastatic tumours retain the ability to produce basal lamina and, in the case of metastatic epithelial tumours, the redevelopment of basal lamina is dependent on interaction with mesenchymal tissue. The stromal dependency of basal lamina formation by metastatic epithelial tumours suggests the reactivation of a control mechanism acting in normal tissue. Although basal lamina formation in metastatic melanoma can occur in the absence of mesenchymal tissue, there may be some interaction between tumour cells and stroma in the redevelopment of basal lamina at the tumour‐stroma interface.
Occupational formaldehyde exposure and increased nasal cancer risk in man
Authors: Olsen Jorgen H. , Jensen Sonja Plough , Hink Mogens , Faurbo Karl , Breum Niels Oluf , Jensen Ole Moller 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA comprehensive data linkage system for the detailed investigation of occupational cancer has newly been established in the Danish Cancer Registry, providing employment histories back until 1964. Based on this system a study of 839 cases of cancer of the nasal cavities, sinuses and rhinopharynx and 2,465 cancer controls diagnosed in Denmark during the period 1970‐1982 was conducted. Histories of exposure to formaldehyde, wood‐dust and 10 other specified compounds or procedures, were assessed by industrial hygienists unaware of the case‐control status of the cancer patients under study. Some 4.2% of the male and 0.1% of the female controls had been exposed to formaldehyde. A statistically significant excess risk (p < 0.05) for carcinoma of the nasal cavity and sinuses among males with a history of exposure to formaldehyde (RR = 2.8), wood‐dust (RR = 2.5) and paint lacquer and glue (RR = 2.1) was found. When adjustment was made for wood‐dust exposure the relative risk associated with formaldehyde was reduced to 1.6, which is not significantly in excess of 1.0, although still compatible with a 3‐ to 4‐fold increase in risk using conventional 95% confidence limits. The joint action of exposure to wood‐dust and formaldehyde was in accordance with an additive effect. The excess risk of sino‐nasal cancer with exposure to paint, lacquer and glue remained statistically elevated after adjustment for contemporary exposure to wood‐dust and formaldehyde.
Antibodies to HTLV‐I p24 in sera of blood donors, elderly people and patients with hemopoietic diseases in France and in French West Indies
Authors: Schaffar‐Deshayes Laurence , Chavance Michel , Monplaisir Nicole , Courouce Anne‐Marie , Gessain Antoine , Blesonski Sylvie , Valette Inez , Feingold Nicole , Levy Jean‐Paul 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman T‐cell lymphoma/leukemia virus type I (HTLV‐I) is a type‐C retrovirus originally isolated from patients with leukemia or lymphoma involving mature T lymphocytes. Epidemiological studies have shown that HTLV‐I infection occurs not only in leukemic but also in normal people in at least two areas of the world: the Caribbean basin and the South‐West of Japan. We report here the results of a large seroepidemiological study of HTLV‐I infection in normal French blood donors, elderly subjects living in institutions and patients with various malignant hemopathies, obtained by the classical HTLV‐I p24 radioimmunoassay. We were unable to demonstrate antibodies to HTLV‐I in 510 sera from French volunteer blood donors born and living in continental France or in sera from 262 blood donors born in other countries (mainly in Europe and North Africa) and living in contintental France at the time of collection. In contrast, among 131 sera from blood donors born in French overseas territories (French Guiana, French West Indies, and Reunion) but living at the time of collection in continental France, 2 (1.5%) were found to possess anti‐HTLV‐I antibodies. In a sample of 2,597 blood donors from Martinique, 39 (1.5%) were positive. A positive correlation with age was observed whereas no statistical relationship was found between HTLV‐I antibodies and sex, red cell blood groups or the place of residence in Martinique. On the other hand, a very high level of positive values was observed in Martinique among old people living in institutions, 14% of those aged over 60 years being positive. HTLV‐I‐associated hematological malignancies have not been observed in patients born and living in continental France whereas a large number exist in the French West Indies. In the same area, the presence of anti‐HTLV‐I antibodies in 12% of patients with myeloma, a typical B‐cell disease, merits attention.
Carbohydrates as antigenic determinants of tumor‐associated antigens recognized by monoclonal anti‐tumor antibodies produced in a syngeneic system
Authors: Ito Masafumi , Suzuki Eiji , Naiki Masaharu , Sendo Fujiro , Arai Shigeru 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo monoclonal antibodies (KH‐1 and KH‐2) against a transplanted fibrosarcoma (KMT‐17) in WKA rats were produced by fusing a mouse myeloma (P3‐X63‐Ag8.653) with spleen cells from syngeneic rats hyperimmunized with KMT‐17. Both antibodies showed complement‐dependent cytotoxicity against KMT‐17. By absorption of cytotoxicity, KH‐1 reacted with homologous tumor, other syngeneic fibrosarcomas (KMT‐80 and KMT‐75), and lung and kidney from normal rats. However, KH‐2 reacted with many kinds of tumors and various normal tissues. Antigen specificity was tested by complement fixation and/or solidphase radioimmunoassay using glycolipids isolated from KMT‐17 cells and authentic glycolipids. KH‐1 reacted with globotriglycosyl ceramide which was not detected on KMT‐17 cells and in cross‐reacted weakly with IV3‐α‐galactosyl‐lactoneotetraglycosyl ceramide, one of the major glycolipids of KMT‐17. The immune reaction was inhibited by α‐methyl‐galactose. KH‐2 reacted with lactosyl ceramide and lactoneotetraglycosyl ceramide. The reaction was more potently inhibited by lactose than by β‐methyl‐galactose. Antibodies with similar specificity to either KH‐1 or KH‐2 were elevated in syngeneic rat sera after serial immunization with viable KMT‐17 cells.
Human tumor xenografts transplanted under the renal capsule of conventional mice. Growth rates and host immune response
Authors: Aamdal Steinar , Fodstad Øystein , Pihl Alexander 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe growth of 29 different human tumor lines under the renal capsule of immunocompetent mice was investigated. The tumors, previously established in athymic mice, included malignant melanomas, colon carcinomas, soft‐tissue sarcomas, lung cancers and a mammary carcinoma. The growth rates of 17 tumors, measured repeatedly over a period of several years, were highly reproducible. The different grafts exhibited distinctly different and individual growth rates for up to 6 days. In animals pretreated with an immunosuppressive dose of cyclophosphamide, the growth rate was the same as in non‐pretreated animals, but the growth continued for several more days. In the case of 9 different grafts, the subrenal growth rates were compared with those observed when the same tumors were growing subcutaneously in athymic, nude mice. The relative growth rates of the different tumors were practically the same in the two systems. The results indicate that the growth conditions under the renal capsule permit the grafts to express their inherent growth potentials and that the subrenal grafts do not represent a selected sub‐population of the tumor cells. The extent of infiltration of the grafts by mouse inflammatory cells was measured by flow cytometry on single‐cell suspension as well as by quantitative analysis of serial histological sections. In most cases the mouse cells occupied 15‐25% of the total graft volume on day 6. The results indicate that the effect of mouse cell infiltration on the growth of established tumor lines is slight and that it is unneccessary to use athymic mice as host animals when testing new investigational drugs by the SRC assay. The use of established tumor lines in the SRC assay in immunocompetent mice may be useful also in the study of factors influencing the anti‐cancer activity of current drugs.