bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Raising the Dead
Authors: Hart Adam Charles 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
George A. Romero never intended to become a master of horror, but he made Night of the Living Dead and became a legend. Raising the Dead: The Work of George A. Romero is an account of Romero coming to terms with horror, reshaping the genre to fit his expansive imagination in the process. Raising the Dead dives into the expansive, extraordinary body of work found in Romero’s archive, going beyond his iconic zombie movies into a deep and varied trove of work that never made it to the big screen. From the early 1960s until his death in 2017, Romero was a hugely prolific writer, producing scripts in every conceivable genre, from arty medieval allegories to wacky comedies and grand-scale science fiction epics. Themes, story ideas, and even characters were repurposed for new scripts, evolving and transforming with each new iteration and, sometimes, finding a home in a horror film. But in order to accommodate ideas that began in such different contexts, Romero would have to change the horror genre itself. Based on years of archival research, Raising the Dead moves between unfilmed scripts and familiar classics, showing the remarkable scope and range of Romero’s interests and the full extent of his genius. Raising the Dead is a testament to an extraordinarily productive and inventive artist who never let the restrictions of the film industry limit his imagination.
The Agnostics
Authors: Kaczynski Richard 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 1 provides a historical overview of the first century of British agnosticism—the movement that sought to separate religious belief from secular life—starting with its origins in the early 1800s and including influential figures such as George Jacob Holyoake, Charles Bradlaugh, George William Foote, Thomas Henry Huxley, Charles Watts Sr., Charles Watts Jr., and William Stewart Ross. This history includes organizations such as the National Secular Society, British Secular Union, and the Rationalist Press Association as well as their various journals such as the National Reformer, Freethinker, Agnostic Journal, and Watts’ Literary Guide. Coverage includes blasphemy cases that made heroes and martyrs of the defendants and energized secularism into a more militant force going into the twentieth century. Readers are also introduced to two young men rebelling against the Victorian strictures in which they were raised: aspiring soldier John Frederick Charles Fuller and aspiring poet Victor Benjamin Neuburg.
Life After Crowley
Authors: Kaczynski Richard 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A few years after befriending each other over their mutual passion for Agnosticism, Aleister Crowley, J. F. C. Fuller, and Victor Neuburg parted ways. To protect his military career, Fuller pulled away after the tabloids spawned controversy—and a defamation lawsuit—over their coverage of A∴A∴’s Rites of Eleusis (1910). Fuller enjoyed a successful military career, attaining the rank of major general. He peppered his military writings with mystical thinking, and his output included works on the occult, yoga, and Kabbalah. Neuburg disappeared after being named in a divorce suit over his affair with the wife of the college friend who published his first book of poetry; the friend’s wife committed suicide after being served notice of the divorce filing. Neuburg would later run his own small press, and help to discover Dylan Thomas. Despite leaving Crowley’s circle, both Fuller and Neuburg in their later years would write complimentary things about their one-time friend in doubt.
Aiding Empowerment
Authors: Brechenmacher Saskia , Mann Katherine 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Women’s political empowerment has become an important foreign policy and assistance objective. Every year, donor governments and multilateral organizations partner with hundreds of civil society groups around the world to train women to run for office, support women legislators, advocate for gender quotas, and strengthen women’s networks in political parties and parliaments. What ideas about gender, power, and political change guide these aid programs? What have practitioners and advocates learned about their strengths and weaknesses, and how might they improve their work going forward? Drawing on extensive interviews with aid officials, women’s rights activists, and women politicians in Western donor countries and across Kenya, Morocco, Myanmar, and Nepal, Aiding Empowerment investigates how democracy aid actors promote gender equality in politics, critically probing both areas of progress and persistent shortcomings. The book argues that international assistance for women’s political empowerment has evolved significantly over the last three decades, from a first generation of programs aimed at integrating women into nascent democratic institutions to a second generation focused on transforming the broader political ecosystem hindering women’s equal political influence. However, this evolution is still unfolding, and changes in thinking have outstripped changes in aid practice. Several challenges threaten future progress, from the persistence of patriarchal norms to rising concerns about democratic erosion and backlash. In the face of these hurdles, the book presents practical recommendations for policymakers, practitioners, and advocates fighting for women’s political empowerment globally.
Epidemiology and the People's Health
Authors: Krieger Nancy 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Why a thoroughly updated and revised second edition of this book about theories of disease distribution, in past and present societal and ecological context? Because the lived realities—and ideas, data, and disinformation about—the people’s health are dynamic, not static. Chapter 1 contrasts the critical importance of epidemiologic theory for explaining disease distributions vs. its continued neglect in epidemiological textbooks, which prioritize methods. Chapter 2 through 4 offer historical analysis of a range of epidemiological theories of disease distribution in societal and ecological context, ranging from ancient Greece and China to raging 19th CE debates over miasma vs. contagion and over causes of class and racialized health inequities to the early 20th rise of germ theory, eugenics, and “social environmental” theories, in contention. Chapters 5 through 7 analyze contemporary theories of disease distribution, ranging from the dominant biomedical and lifestyle theories to three sets of social epidemiological alternatives: diverse sociopolitical theories, psychosocial theories, and the ecosocial theory of disease distribution. Chapter 8 offers concrete examples explicating why epidemiologic theory counts when it comes to harm, knowledge, action, and the people’s health, making clear the importance of choice of epidemiologic theory of disease distribution for getting the questions and answers right—or terribly wrong. Explicit use of—and debates over—epidemiologic theories of disease distribution will improve the odds of producing epidemiologic knowledge truly useful for preventing disease, improving the public’s health, and advancing health justice.
Constituting (from) the Background
Authors: Hai Ambreen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 1 shows how servants have always been marginal but constitutive presences in early to mid-twentieth-century South Asian Anglophone literature—for somewhat different reasons than in Western literatures—primarily to mark the emergence and distinctiveness of an educated colonial and postcolonial upper and middle class, and often to critique colonial or Indian class, caste, or patriarchal structures. Asking new questions, and casting a new light on the work of early to mid-century writers, from R. K. Narayan, Nirad Chaudhuri, Raja Rao, Mulk Raj Anand, and Ahmed Ali, to Zeenuth Futehally, Attia Hosain, Kamala Markandaya, Nayantara Sahgal, and Anita Desai, it demonstrates how women writers represent and deploy servitude very differently compared to male writers, and argues that these women writers, even when focused on other questions, are much more attentive to the intimacies, intersections of gender and class, and nuances of affective relations in contexts of inequality in the home.
In the Driver’s Seat?
Authors: Hai Ambreen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Most readings of Aravind Adiga’s The White Tiger tend to regard Balram, its servant-protagonist and narrator, as an unrepentant, hardened criminal. Chapter 5 offers a more sympathetic reading and granular understanding, attentive to the novel’s irony, satire, and literary cues. It calls attention to Adiga’s presentation of several systemic problems that conjointly constrain Balram from his early village life onward: the feudal landlord system, the joint family system, the failures of democracy, the complicity of religion. Examining some key tropes—animal imagery, light and darkness, the rearview mirror—this chapter tracks two strands in this novel: Adiga’s exploration of the gendered psychology of servitude, and the servant protagonist’s growth from desiring servitude (as an alternative to abject poverty and degradation) to desiring freedom. It argues that Adiga in this novel provides a more damning indictment than Gunesekera does, both of servitude as a system and of the nation that enables it.
Betrayal Trauma
Authors: Emerson Michael O. , Bracey Glenn E. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
After an illustrative story to introduce the focus of Chapter 2, the authors draw on interviews conducted across the nation with Christian leaders. Analyzing the themes of the interviews, and illuminating those with the actual voices of Christian leaders, the chapter explores the deep, hurtful betrayal experienced by many Christians of color from many white Christians. The stories featured are remarkably consistent and incredibly powerful. The openness of those interviewed paints a clear picture of hurt and confusion, and the real price paid by some just for living in America. The story is current—it is an ongoing, real-time, destructive saga. And the story is old, as the words and experiences communicated today closely mirror the words of Christians leaders of color from a half-century ago, and from two centuries ago. In short, chapter 2 names the problem that the rest of the book seeks to understand, explain, and address.
Feeling and Fighting for the Religion of Whiteness
Authors: Emerson Michael O. , Bracey Glenn E. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 5 continues testing the theory of the Religion of Whiteness (ROW) through data about emotions. If we want to understand the depth of the commitment to the ROW, we must understand the emotions underlying it. Emotions are important because people react emotionally before they can rationally contemplate situations. Emotions are also important because they shape the context for subsequent thoughts and actions. We ask white Christians how they feel about several words and phrases associated with racial justice. Their responses reveal much negative emotion, especially anger, at just the mention of these terms. The chapter then illustrates how these negative emotions motivate ROW practitioners to attack Christians of color who do not conform to the ROW. Chapter 5 concludes with a discussion of the ROW playbook and seven boundary enforcement mechanisms ROW practitioners use to defend the ROW. These boundary enforcers have the effect of both maintaining the boundary between ROW followers and non-followers and sanctioning those who offend the ROW.
The Interior of the Brain
Authors: Jones Owen D. , Schall Jeffrey D. , Shen Francis X. , Hoffman Morris B. , Wagner Anthony D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter describes some of the structures located in the interior of the brain, beneath the cerebral cortex. These structures are part of circuits that interact with the cerebral cortex to enable perception and behavior. The first structure described is the thalamus, which is a gateway for signals to the cerebral cortex. The next collection of structures surveyed is the limbic system, which is crucial for memory and emotion, among other functions. The final collection of structures is known as the basal ganglia, which supports some forms of learning, enables orderly actions, thoughts, and emotions, and is important for understanding habits and addiction.
Technologies that Reveal Brain Functions
Authors: Jones Owen D. , Schall Jeffrey D. , Shen Francis X. , Hoffman Morris B. , Wagner Anthony D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines imaging technologies that reveal human brain functions: electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). As with the structural technologies, the chapter describes the science on which the functional technologies depend and their relative advantages and disadvantages, including both spatial and temporal resolution. The chapter identifies some of the prominent ways that these technologies are used in clinical care and neuroscience research. The chapter also describes the numerous assumptions on which inferences about brain function depend, the methods by which the colorful brain images of PET and fMRI are created, and how to interpret such images.
Changing Brain Functions
Authors: Jones Owen D. , Schall Jeffrey D. , Shen Francis X. , Hoffman Morris B. , Wagner Anthony D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines events and technologies that can change brain function. The chapter surveys four types of brain changes that are likely to appear in legal contexts: brain injury, psychoactive drug effects, surgery, and electromagnetic stimulation. The chapter discusses the differing effects of brain damage that is localized (like a penetrating gunshot), diffuse (like a traumatic brain injury from a blow to the head), or something intermediate (like a stroke). The chapter reviews the effects of psychoactive drugs such as anesthetics, analgesics, antidepressants, antipsychotics, cannabis, hallucinogens, narcotics, sedatives, and stimulants. The chapter then covers three of the most common electromagnetic human brain manipulation technologies: deep brain stimulation (DBS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). The latter two technologies can be used to modulate parts of the brain close to the skull, temporarily activating or deactivating them.
Women's Property Rights Under CEDAW
Authors: Alvarez José E. , Bauder Judith 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The gender gap with respect to wealth and property is a chasm. For over forty years, the leading international treaty on the rights of women, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), has been generating jurisprudence interpreting CEDAW’s obligations demanding that states protect the equal rights of women as partners in recognized relationships, family rights more generally (including inheritance), rights to land, adequate housing (including for those subjected to domestic violence), financial credit, social benefits, intellectual property, and other economic rights dependent on equal access to justice. Women’s Property Rights Under CEDAW surveys and assesses the CEDAW Committee’s General Recommendations, Views in response to communications, Concluding Observations in response to state reports, and Reports on Inquiries addressing these rights. This book finds that the underlying jurisprudence is dramatically different from property protections under the international investment regime and is much more convergent with that under other international human rights regimes but unique in its focus on addressing the underlying patriarchal structures, stereotypes, and forms of intersectional discrimination that have underpinned the impoverishment of women all around the world. It concludes that CEDAW’s re-engendering of property, although a flawed work in progress, has the potential to be transformative.
What Is It Like to Be a Bat?
Authors: Nagel Thomas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This book is a fiftieth anniversary republication of Thomas Nagel’s “What Is It Like to Be a Bat?,” a classic in the philosophy of mind. Through its argument for the irreducible subjectivity of consciousness, it played an essential role in making the study of consciousness a central part of philosophy, psychology, and neuroscience. It also spurred the now flourishing scientific attention to the consciousness of non-human creatures: mammals, birds, fish, mollusks, and insects. The book also includes a second essay offering Nagel’s more recent thoughts on the most promising positive response to the mind-body problem, as posed in the original essay.
Defining “The Garden”
Authors: Fenner David , Fenner Ethan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 2—“Defining ‘The Garden’ ”—offers, explains, explores, and defends ten criteria that establish what a garden is. These criteria are derived from the inventory presented in chapter 1. All gardens are (1) spatially three dimensional, (2) geographically bound, (3) human scaled and perspectivally bound, (4) dynamic and time dependent, (5) nature interactive and ecologically bound, (6) unbounded in time and lifespan, (7) designed, (8) human interactive and requiring maintenance, (9) rule governed, and (10) aesthetically engaging. The chapter claims that all gardens have all these characteristics and anything that has these characteristics is a garden. The chapter concludes with a discussion of identity conditions and replication.
The Garden as an Artform
Authors: Fenner David , Fenner Ethan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 4—“The Garden as an Artform”—begins by examining views that claim that The Garden either is not an artform or is not a very good artform. This includes discussion of the views of Kant and Hegel, as well as a variety of claims that are meant to demonstrate why the garden is not an artform or no longer regarded as an artform. The chapter continues by examining eight general ways in which The Garden is different from other artforms. It then, finally, asks the question of whether The Garden is an artform, and it argues in the affirmative. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the criteria for when a garden is a work of art.
The Relevance of Context
Authors: Fenner David , Fenner Ethan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 6—“The Relevance of Context”—begins with a general discussion of garden contextuality. It then explores relevant contextual aspects in four categories: genetic factors having to do with the garden’s origins and how it came to be the sort of garden it is; lifespan factors that include the evolution of the garden and the evolution of its ownership and accessibility; relationship factors that focus on the relationship the garden has with its siting, its climate, its history, other gardens, and other works of art (if the garden in question is a work of art); and reception factors that have to do with all the various ways the garden has been received by audiences. The chapter ends with a summative discussion of what it means to appreciate gardens aesthetically.
How Can We Interpret Gardens?
Authors: Fenner David , Fenner Ethan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 8—“How Can We Interpret Gardens?”—continues the conversation begun in Chapter 7. After exploring a range of theories of how works of art may be interpreted and their application to interpreting gardens, the chapter focuses on how to “read” a garden’s formal aspects as the basis of creating a data set that may form the basis of an interpretation. This “form-focused” approach includes a detailed exploration of “garden form,” which is expressed in eleven categories: path, structure, artifactual elements, space, water, light, topography, ecology, setting, plant palette, and plant character. The chapter offers examples of the application of garden form to interpreting gardens, and concludes by discussing a set of unique aspects of garden interpretation.
Space
Authors: Gartzke Erik , Lindsay Jon R. , Bryan Early 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A state with “eyes in the sky” is better equipped to anticipate and to react to the actions of a foreign power. Thus, one should expect reconnaissance satellites to affect patterns of interstate conflict. An interesting feature of space reconnaissance is that it is a more public form of espionage compared to other modes of spying. “National technical means” in space remain effective despite being apparent to their targets. The chapter summarizes statistical tests using data about space reconnaissance and conflict in the post-World War II period. It finds that countries that operate reconnaissance satellites are significantly less likely to be involved in substantial militarized disputes, either as initiators or targets. Finally, it discusses some key implications and exceptions, distinguishing the stabilizing implications of satellite reconnaissance from other forms of space-based operational support, which may not be as stabilizing.
Critically Examining Inclusion and Parity for Deaf Global South Researchers of Colour in the Field of Sign Language Linguistics
Authors: Hou Lynn , Ali Kristian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThere is a problem with the inclusion of deaf researchers particularly when it comes to racial parity in sign language research. This chapter foregrounds the discussion to examine the particular case of some deaf researchers from the majority People of Colour Global South. The chapter uses a multipronged methodology, starting with auto-ethnographic data to describe how the authors arrived at the point of carrying out this research. Secondly, an analysis of the recent meetings of a major sign language conference was conducted. Finally, the authors conducted individual interviews of and group discussions among deaf researchers of colour in the Global South and examined certain emerging themes. The chapter ends with concrete suggestions and actions for improving equity and parity for these researchers, which the authors argue is critical for improving the field of sign language linguistics.
Toward a Big Tent Linguistics
Authors: Dockum Rikker , Green Caitlin M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLinguistics has a documented history of divisiveness and remains poorly understood by the general public. Nevertheless, linguistics also has great unrealized potential for positive impact on global society, hand in hand with scholarship. This chapter argues for an inclusive big tent linguistics that will help the discipline achieve its potential, and the authors outline three sources of current exclusion: socialization into gatekeeping what counts as linguistics, with legitimacy tied to outdated opinions of what is more scientific, rigorous, rational, or prestigious; epistemic injustice, including a tendency for hero-worship of lone geniuses of the field; and a pattern of ignoring power imbalances in interactions, such as the demand for civility, often from the discipline’s least powerful members. The authors discuss the origins of these problems, some recent events that exemplify them, and suggest ways that all linguists, inclusively defined, can contribute to helping our scholarly community achieve a more uplifting culture.