bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Difference in the Progression of a Liver Disease in a Pair of Siblings with Wilson's Disease
Authors: MARUYAMA Toshihiro , ISHINODA Yoshihiro , IWAKI Yoshihiro , HAYASHI Tohru Kitamura Katsuhiro , NAKAMURA Haruki , TSUDA Kazunori 
Published: August 2007

Abstract:Wilson's hepatolenticular degeneration is a well defined disease, where copper metabolism is disturbed genetically in the liver, but its exact cause is not known. The development of the clinical symptoms varies in each individual and it is interesting to know the mechanism of the individual differences which occur in this well defined disease. We studied a pair of siblings with Wilson's disease in whom the condition of the liver disease was very much different. The 16‐year‐old man had the full blown liver cirrhosis characteristic of Wilson's disease, with large regenerating nodules and a deposition of copper granules in the hepatocytes. On the other hand, the liver of the 19‐year‐old sister, who was supposed to have the same Wilson's disease gene and who had been exposed to high concentrations of liver copper for a longer period, was fairly well preserved with a smooth liver surface. There is no study that reports in detail the differences in this liver disease in close relatives. According to the findings of our comparison of these 2 cases, we speculated that there are factors, other than the direct effect of Wilson's disease gene, which control the mode of accumulation and toxicity of copper in the liver, or factors that control the response to the accumulated copper in the liver.
Correlation between α1–Adrenoceptors in Biopsy Specimens and Endoscopic Color Changes of Human Gastric Ulcer
Authors: OHIDA Masahito , HAYASHI Hiromi , KIKUCHI Shin , IMAIZUMI Hiroshi , TANABE Satoshi , KOIZUMI Wasaburo , YOKOYAMA Yasushi , SAIGENJI Katsunori 
Published: August 2007

Abstract:α1–Adrenoceptors were measured in the scar tissue (U) and marginal normal mucosa (C) of human gastric ulcers by radio‐binding assay using [3H]‐prazosin as the ligand. The specific radioactivity binding was calculated for the membrane‐rich fractions of the U and C regions along with U/C ratio, and the relationship between the scar color tone and α–adrenoceptor binding levels was studied by conventional endoscopy and pharmacoendoscopyThe U/C ratio for red scars (mean: 92.2%) increased as redness decreased. White scars had a mean U/C ratio of 135.6%. For pharmacoendoscopic classes P1 and P2, which remained red after spraying epinephrine onto the scar, the mean U/C ratio was 86.8%. For the P3 class, which turned pale after the application of epinephrine spray, the mean U/C ratio was 172.0%. The recurrence of peptic ulcers is more frequent when red scars ocAcur, assessed by conventional endoscopy, in the P1 and2 classes, evaluated by pharmacoendoscopy, than in white scars (P3 class). As the α1–adrenoceptor binding of [3H]‐prazosin appears to be proportional to the maturity of vasculature tissue, the present data suggest this latter factor plays a key role in the recurrence of gastric ulcers and that pharmacoendoscopy allows for a more accurate prognosis of ulcer relapse than conventional endoscopy
Usefulness of Mechanical Lithotripters in Endoscopic Sphincterotomy
Authors: AKASHI Ryukichi , KIYOZUMI Takeaki , YAMABE Hiroshi , SAGARA Katsuro , HATTORI Masahiro 
Published: August 2007

Abstract:We have been performing bile duct lithotripsy by EST at Kumamoto Regional Medical Center since January 1982. A balloon catheter is the method of choice for performing lithotripsy. For stone removal, a conventional FG‐22Q basket catheter was used from January 1982 to June 1984 (extraction rate: 88.5%), and a prototype EML BML‐1Q basket catheter was used with a FG‐22Q basket catheter from July 1984 to April 1990 (extraction rate: 91.5%). Since May 1990, lithotripsy has been performed in the following sequence with excellent results (extraction rate: 97.0%): EST‐balloon catheter, slide‐type EML BML‐3Q‐balloon catheter. Although the difference between the extraction rates for BML‐1Q and BML‐3Q basket catheters were only marginally significant, the difference between the conventional basket FG‐22Q and BML‐3Q was clearly significant. Lithotomy using the procedure employed since May 1990 is therefore recommended as a highly effective means of extracting gallstones and is considered to be superior to conventional methods.
Newly Developed Miniature Ultrasonic Probe, Basic and Clinical Study
Authors: YAMAMOTO Hiroshi , YAMANAKA Takeo , YOSHIDA Yukio , MATSUMOTO Hironari , MIYAMA Michio 
Published: August 2007

Abstract:The authors evaluated a new device‐the miniature ultrasonic probe (3.4mm in the outer diameter, radial scan type, 7.5MHz, Olympus XMP‐02) from both its basic and clinical aspects using fresh resected gastric specimens with water immersionThe ultrasonic resolution of this new probe was demonstrated to be best when the probe‐object distance was 1.0–1.5cm and the angle of inclination was0–20*. Practical use of the probe with a smaller diameter is limited in the imaging range of horizontal directions; only 0.7cm right and left from the center receiving ultrasonic beams at a right angle.Although the ultrasonic resolution of this new device is inferior to that of conventional ultrasonography instruments, it can be applied to stenosed lesions and possibly to the bile duct or pancreatic duct regions in the future. This device, with further improvement, is expected to become much more useful for clinical application.
A Case of Cronkhite–Canada Syndrome—With Special Reference to Magnifying Endoscopic Observation of Polyps and Coeliac Angiographic Findings—
Authors: MAKIYAMA Kazuya , IWANAGA Seima , KATSUMATA Tatsuya , FUKAUMI Atsushi , MUTA Kouki , ITSUNO Minoru , UMENE Yoshihiko , SENJU Masahiro , MURATA Ikuo , HARA Kohei 
Published: August 2007

Abstract:The Cronkhite‐Canada syndrome was diagnosed in a 62 year‐old male in whom the gastrointestinal polyposis and ectodermal change disappeared after treatment with corticosteroids and albumin infusions. The major pathophysiologv of this syndrome is gastrointestinal polyposis. The polyps were examined in detail using a magnifying endoscope and then by spraying methylene blue onto the mucosa. It was shown that the polyps were formed by groups of intestinal glands each dilated by hyperaemia and oedema. Destruction of the dilated glands and opening of a pit at the central region were also observed. These changes were associated with secretion from the pit and it is suggested that this is the mechanism for the protein leakage.Angiographic studies confirmed our previous finding that the coeliac and mesenteric arteries are dilated in the Cronkhite‐Canada syndrome but a follow‐up study showed that this is reversible once the mucosal lesions have resolved in response to treatment.
Mucin Secreting Cholangiocarcinoma Associated with Clonorchiasis
Authors: Hsu Ronald KK , Lai Chi‐wai , Lo Ki‐kam , Leung Joseph WC 
Published: August 2007

Abstract:Hepatic clonorchiasis is implicated in the pathogenesis of mucin secreting cholangiocarcinoma in the Far East. Obstructive jaundice is often associated with the malignant stricture. We present a case with recurrent cholangitis due to biliary obstruction caused by excessive mucus produced by the tumor. The excess mucus and infected bile led to early stent clogging within a few weeks after stent insertion. Intraductal 5‐fluorouracil treatment resulted in an apparent reduction in mucus production. Apart from frequent admission for stent exchange, the patient has lived a reasonably good quality life for three years.
Endoscopic Scoring System for Experimental Colitis with Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid in Rats
Authors: SHIBATA Yoshimi , ASHIDA Tomofumi , AYABE Tokiyoshi , TARUISHI Masaki , YOKOTA Kinichi , OKUYAMA Shuji , SAITOH Yusuke , OKAMURA Kiyoshi , NAMIKI Masayoshi 
Published: August 2007

Abstract: Experimental colitis models require serial sacrifice of animals to confirm the evolution of the inflammatory process. Endoscopy may possibly enable us to detect sequential changes in the lesions throughout the inflammatory process without killing animals. Using rat colitis induced with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) after the study by Morris et al. the accuracy of endoscopic examination was investigated by comparing endoscopic findings with histologic findings.A polyethylene catheter was rectally inserted into rats’(Fischer, 6W male) colon. After intraluminal administration of 25 mg TNBS dissolved in 0.5 ml of 50% ethanol, each animal was kept in the tail‐up position for one minute. Colonic changes were examined weekly with an Olympus BF‐3C20. It took about 3 min to complete the observation per rat.We offered a novel endoscopic and histologic scoring system. The endoscopic score mainly reflected the size of the ulcers occupying the lumen and the histologic score the sizel depth of the ulcers and the degree of acute inflammation in the colonic mucosa. A highly significant (r = 0.71, p<0.01) linear correlation was observed between the endoscopic and histologic scores. This system may allow us to detect potential therapeutic agents or to investigate the mechanism underlying colitis in the human counterpart, such as Crohn 's disease, without killing laboratory animals.
The Influence of Endoscopic Injection Sclerotherapy on Organs Surrounding the Esophagus
Authors: URITA Yoshihisa , MUTOH Masue , ISHIHARA Manabu , HACHIYA Akihiko , YAMADA Shuichi , KONDOH Eisaku , NAKATANI Naoto , IHARA Fumie , MATSUZAKI Hiroshi , NAKATA Masayuki , OZAKI Motonobu , NARUKI Yukihiko , MACHIDA Keiichi , OHTSUKA Sachio 
Published: August 2007

Abstract: Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) is widely accepted as a means of treating esophageal varices. However, various complications of EIS have been reported. To investigate the cause of chest complications after EIS, chest CT and bronchofiberscopy (BF) were carried out in patients undergoing EIS. A contrast medium was added to the sclerosant in a 1: 4 ratio, and a chest CT examination was performed 30 minutes after the EIS procedure. BF was performed before and after EIS.CT findings were classified into four types, i. e., Type I : ring‐enhanced esophageal wall, Type II : ring‐enhanced paraesophageal wall, Type III : locally enhanced esophageal wall, and Type IV : beltlikeenhanced parietal pleura. The CT findings depended on the frequency of EIS rather than the total volume of sclerosant. After injection into the Paravariceal wall, the sclerosant unexpectedly moved beyond the local injection site during the first or second EIS procedures. During the third or subsequent procedures the sclerosant tended to abide locally in the esophageal wall.Before EIS, bronchial venous dilatation, present mainly in the left main bronchus, was noted and its degree was correlated with the form and location of the esophageal varices. Bronchial venous dilatation decreased in three patients after EIS. The change in venous dilatation seemed to reflect alterations in the esophageal variceal blood flow. After EIS bronchial ulceration was found in the main bronchus in 3 patients. This phenomenon was attributed to both the direct effects of the sclerosant and the physical effects of the endoscopic examination itself: Minor complications such as pleural effusion, chest pain, and fever were not associated with either CT or BF findings.Patients undergoing EIS should be carefully monitored to facilitate the early detection and management of potential chest complications.
A Case of Minute Duodenal Carcinoma Resected by Endoscopy
Authors: KADOKAWA Makoto , TAKAHASHI Hiroshi , SUZUKI Yoshihiro , SUZUKI Satoshi , KOSEN Kenzo , SEKI Morihito , SUGIYAMA Keiichi , SATAKE Yohiharu , FUJITA Rikiya , SUGATA Fumio 
Published: August 2007

Abstract: A 61‐year‐old man who had experienced epigastric pain for a year underwent an esophagogas. troduodenoscopy (EGD) which revealed a tiny, lobular and uneven‐surfaced protrusion (approximately 4 mm in diameter), well demarcated at the base and normal in color, in the duodenal bulb. A biopsy revealed a well differentiated adenocarcinoma. After admission, an endoscopic mucosal resection was performzed for this lesion. The resected tissue was 19 ×14 mm in size and contained a carcinoma measuring 4×3 mm in diameter.Histopathologically, it was a well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma limited to the mucosa; the lesion had been completely resected. In Japan, 133 cases of early primary duodenal carcinoma have been reported in the literature. However, the so‐called minute cancer measuring less than 5 mm in diameter has never been reported before. Dzagnosis, anatomical distribution, and treatment of the reported cases of early duodenal carcinoma were analyzed in this paper.
Sex Difference in the Laparoscopic Appearance of the Cirrhotic Liver in Child A Stage
Authors: TARAO Kazuo , HOSHINO Hiroshi , SHIMIZU Akio , OHKAWA Shinichi , TAMAI Setsuo , NAKAMURA Yoshiyasu , HARADA Masaoki 
Published: August 2007

Abstract:The ratio of the number of cases of slightly elevated (flat shaped) nodules to hemispherical nodules on laparoscopical examination was studied in male and female histologically proven cirrhotic patients in Child A stage. The bromodeoxyuridine labeling indices (BrdU Lis) of all of the cirrhotic patients were examined using an in vitro labeling technique. Liver biopsy specimens obtained by a Tru‐cut needle were immediately incubated for 45 min. in 0.1% BrdU solution in RPMI 1640 at 37°C under a pressure of 3 atmospheres in a mixture of 95% O2 and 5% CO2. Immunohistochemical detection of BrdU was performed using the ABC method. In the 18 male cirrhotic patients in Child A stage, 12 (67%) were found to have hemispherical nodules, and 6 (33%) were found to have slightly elevated nodules. In the 18 female cirrhotic patients, 5 (28%) had hemispherical nodules, and 13 (72%) had slightly elevated nodules (p< 0.05). The mean BrdU LI in male cirrhotic patients (2.07 ± 0.36%, SE) was greater than that of the female patients (1.21 ± 0.31%). The average BrdU LI of the hemispherical cirrhotic group (2.41 ± 0.39%) was significantly (p< 0.005) greater than that of the slightly elevated cirrhotic group (0.98 ± 0;21%). We found that about 70% of the male cirrhotic patients in Child A stage had a laparoscopically hemispherical nodular liver, as compared to about 30% of the female cirrhotic patients (p<0.05), and that the proliferation of hepatocytes in the hemispherical nodular liver was significantly increased compared with that of the slightly elevated (flat shaped) nodular liver (p<0.005).
Intestinal Ulcerations Complicating Takayasu's Arteritis
Authors: SEO Mitsuru , OKADA Mitsuo , YANO Zenichiro , YAMADA Yutaka 
Published: August 2007

Abstract:A 62‐year‐old female, with a forty year's history of Takayasu's arteritis, was admitted to Fukuoka University Hospital, with melena. Endoscopy showed multiple shallow ulcers and edematous mucosa in the terminal ileum, and also showed mucosal redness in the ascending colon. The cultures of feces and biopsy specimens taken from an ulcer in the terminal ileum were negative for bacteria and acid‐fast bacilli. Medication such as nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, and potassium chloride were not used before the onset of melena. She was treated with an elemental diet to rest her bowel. Two months later, the ulcers in the terminal ileum had disappeared. However, two years later, similar ulcers recurred in the terminal ileum. These clinical findings and course strongly suggested that her intestinal ulcers might be associated with Takayasu's disease. In Takayasu's arteritis, intestinal lesions have rarely been reported.
A New Therapeutic Approach Towards Balloon Dilatation of Biliary Strictures Using a Peroral Cholangioscope
Authors: SAISHO Hiromitsu , TSUYUGUCHI Toshio , YAMAGUCHI Taketo , OHTO Masao 
Published: August 2007

Abstract:Balloon dilatation of biliary strictures using a peroral cholangioscope was used on 10 patients who had biliary strictures accompanied by proximally located stones. A dilation sufficient for the passage of a cholangioscope was obtained in 8 of 10 patients including all of the 6 patients with extrahepatic strictures and 2 of the 4 patients with intrahepatic ones. After successful dilatation of the strictures, peroral cholangioscopic lithotripsy was performed in 4 of the 8 patients whose gallstones were too large to be removed with a conventional stone basket: electrohydraulic lithotripsy in 3 patients and Nd: YAG Laser lithotripsy in one patient. Complete stone clearance was achieved in 5 patients with extrahepatic strictures. Three patients, 1 with the extrahepatic strictures and 2 with the intrahepatic strictures had partial stone clearance. A follow‐up study (27 months on average) disclosed no recurrence of symptoms or elevated laboratory tests indicative of restrictures. Balloon dilatation with a peroral cholangioscope might be a safe and effective treatment as a new approach for biliary strictures especially for extrahepatic lesions, as an alternative to surgical intervention.
Endoscope Disinfection with Acid Electrolyzed Water
Authors: MASUDA Tomoyuki , OIKAWA Keiichi , OIKAWA Hiroki , SATO Shinichiro , SATO Kunio , KANO Atsushi 
Published: August 2007

Abstract:Reports of endoscope‐mediated infectious diseases have been increasing. In order to investigate the usefulness of acid electrolyzed water for endoscope disinfection, a test endoscope was disinfected with acid electrolyzed water, and bacteria were examined before and after disinfection. The rates of detection of general bacteria on the surface of the endoscope were 100% (33/33 cases) immediately after its removal, 73% (24/33 cases) after washing the endoscope, and 0% (0/33 cases) after disinfection with acid electrolyzed water. The rates of detection for the forceps channel were 100% (33/33 cases) immediately after endoscope removal, 100% (33/33 cases) after washing, and 0% (0/33 cases) after disinfection with acid electrolyzed water. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) was detected at the tip of the endoscope in 3 of the 33 cases immediately after the endoscope was removed. The bacteria were observed in 3 cases after washing as well, but disappeared after disinfection with acid electrolyzed water. The bactericidal effect of acid electrolyzed water on H. pylori was also investigated by culturing a condensed solution of a standard strain of H. pylori with acid electrolyzed water. Growth was inhibited within 30 seconds after the addition of acid electrolyzed water. Endoscope disinfection with acid electrolyzed water should be considered useful.
A Case of Postsurgical Pancreatic Pseudocyst Treated by Endoscopic Cystogastrostomy
Authors: FUJITA Naotaka , NODA Yutaka , KOBAYASHI Go , KIMURA Katsumi , MOCHIZUKI Fukuji 
Published: August 2007

Abstract:Pancreatic pseudocyst after pancreatic surgery is a relatively rare condition and conservative therapy is the common treatment of choice. When symptoms persist or complications follow, however, surgical treatment is considered. There have been reports on endoscopic cystoenterostomy since the early 1980s. We herein describe a case of postsurgical pancreatic pseudocyst treated successfully by endoscopic cystogastrostomy. A nineteen‐year‐old female showing left hypochondralgia and back pain with elevation of her serum amylase level, who had undergone enucleation of a solid cystic tumor in the body of the pancreas, was referred to our department. She was diagnosed as having a pseudocyst of the pancreas 5.8×4.5 cm in size at the site of enucleation by US and CT. Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography and endoscopic ultrasonography performed simultaneously revealed obstruction of the main pancreatic duct and a cystic change in the body‐tail of the pancreas just behind the gastric wall of the upper body. An extrinsic compression was seen in the posterior wall of the upper body of the stomach endoscopically. An incision was made using a sphincterotome. A pigtail stent, 7.2 Fr in size, was placed to keep the patency of the fistula, which was removed one and a half months later. Her symptoms showed great improvement immediately after the procedure. Follow‐up CT demonstrated no recurrence of the pseudocyst.
Application of Peroral Cholecystoscopy in a Case of Cholecystocolic Fistula
Authors: KANEMAKI Naoto , NAKAZAWA Saburo , YAMAO Kenji , YOSHINO Junji , INUI Kazuo , YAMACHIKA Hitoshi , FUJIMOTO Masao , WAKABAYASHI Takao , OKUSHIMA Kazumu , HIRANO Ken , MIYOSHI Hironao , TAKI Norihito , SUGIYAMA Kazuhisa , FUJI Akihiko , HATTORI Toshiyuki 
Published: August 2007

Abstract:A patient with a cholecystocolic fistula, complicating cholecysto‐choledocholithiasis, was treated endoscopically with gallbladder observation by peroral cholecystoscopy (POCCS). The patient was a 71‐year‐old female admitted to our hospital for investigation and treatment of biliary stones and a cholecystocolic fistula. Endoscopic lithotripsy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) were performed after endoscopic sphincterotomy, and the gallbladder was subsequently investigated using a duodenoscope/ cholangioscope of the mother and baby type. Full distension of the gallbladder with saline solution allowed POCCS observation of the entire surface. The gallbladder mucosa was smooth, and neither stones nor tumors were observed. Though the cholecystocolic fistula itself could not be observed, we concluded that it had resulted from cholecystitis. Peroral cholecystoscopy is thus a useful method of investigating the gallbladder in such cases.
Elastoplastic modelling of subsurface crack growth in rail/wheel contact problems
Authors: LUNDÉN R. 
Published: August 2007

ABSTRACTPropagation of small subsurface cracks subjected to shear under repeated rolling contact load is studied. An analytical crack model (Dugdale) with plastic strips at the two crack tips is employed. Compressive stresses promoting crack closure and friction between crack faces are considered. The triaxial stress state is used in the yield criterion. A damage criterion is suggested based on experimental LCF data. In a numerical study, critical crack lengths are found below which propagation of an existing crack should be effectively suppressed.