bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevation adjustments of paired natural levees during flooding of the Saskatchewan River
Authors: Smith Norman D. , Pérez‐Arlucea Marta , Edmonds Douglas A. , Slingerland Rudy L. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractNatural levees control the exchange of water between an alluvial channel and its floodplain, but little is known about the spatial distribution and evolution of levee heights. The summer 2005 flood of the Saskatchewan River (Cumberland Marshes, east‐central Saskatchewan) inundated large areas of floodplain for up to seven weeks, forming prominent new deposits on natural levees along main‐stem channels. Measurements of flood‐deposit thickness and crest heights of 61 levee pairs show that the thickest deposits occur on the lower pre‐flood levee in 80% of the sites, though no clear relationship exists between deposit thickness and magnitude of height difference. Only 16% of the pairs displayed thicker deposits on the higher levee, half of which occurred at sites where relatively clear floodbasin waters re‐entered turbid channels during general flooding. Difference in crest elevation (ΔE) between paired levees is approximately log‐normally distributed, both before and after the flood, though with different mean values. Supplemental observations from tank experiments indicate that during near‐bankfull flows, temporally and spatially variable deposition and erosion occur on levees due to backwater effects associated with nearby channel bars and irregular rises of the channel bed forced by channel extension. During floods, preferential deposition in lows tends to even out crest heights. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Agricultural soil erosion and global carbon cycle: controversy over?
Authors: Kuhn Nikolaus J. , Hoffmann Thomas , Schwanghart Wolfgang , Dotterweich Markus 
Published: March 2009

AbstractRecent research on the contribution of soil erosion on agricultural land to atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) emphasizes either the contribution of soil organic matter (SOM) mineralization during transport as source for atmospheric CO2, or the deep burial of SOM‐rich sediment in agricultural landscapes as a sink. The contribution of either process is subject to a controversial debate. In this letter, we present preliminary results on our research on interrill carbon (C) erosion, SOM transport by rill erosion and the stationarity of C erosion during the Holocene. None of those issues has been incorporated comprehensively and with global coverage in the debate on the role of C erosion in the global C cycle. Therefore, we argue that only an eco‐geomorphologic perspective on organic C movement through landscapes can reconcile the two positions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sternohyoid muscle flap interposition in the treatment of an acquired tracheoesophageal fistula
Authors: Pisanu Adolfo , Reccia Isabella , Nieddu Riccardo , Uccheddu Alessandro 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBackground.Tracheoesophageal fistula caused by prolonged intubation is a rare clinical entity. We report the case of a patient successfully treated by interposition of a sternohyoid muscle flap.Methods.Tracheoesophageal fistula secondary to prolonged ventilatory assistance developed in a 61‐year‐old woman who had a septic shock related to fecal peritonitis. Fistula was located at the decubitus point of the cuffed tracheostomy tube on the posterior tracheal wall. Esophageal and tracheal defects were separately sutured and protected by interposition of a left inferiorly based sternohyoid muscle flap.Results.There were neither local wound complications nor suture release and the procedure resulted in resolution of the fistula allowing a full oral diet. Sixty days after the operation, tracheal stoma was finally closed.Conclusion.The described approach has to be retained as an alternative to other surgical methods such as tracheal resection and major flap mobilization. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Prognostic impact of tumor volume in patients with stage III–IVA hypopharyngeal cancer without bulky lymph nodes treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Chen Shang‐Wen , Yang Shih‐Neng , Liang Ji‐An , Lin Fang‐Jen , Tsai Ming‐Hsui 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBackground.To investigate the prognostic value of volumetric analysis in patients with stage III–IVA hypopharyngeal cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).Methods.Seventy‐six stage III–IVA hypopharyngeal cancer patients without bulky lymph nodes were enrolled for a volumetric analysis. The pyriform sinus was the principal site of involvement in the 63 cases. All patients were allocated a course of CCRT. Tumor volume measurement was derived using separate calculations for the primary tumor volume (pGTV) and the nodal tumor volume (nGTV).Results.The pGTV ranged from 3.8 to 152.4 mL (mean, 33.4 mL). The 3‐year cause‐specific survival (CSS) was 75% for those with a pGTV <30 mL and 20% when the pGTV was ≥30 mL (p = .0001). Furthermore, the 3‐year primary tumor relapse‐free survival (PRFS) was 72% for those with a pGTV <30 mL and 23% when the pGTV were ≥30 mL (p = .0001). The 3‐year PRFSs for <30 mL and ≥30 mL were 74% and 25% for stage III disease (p = .01) and 65% and 22% for stage IVA tumors (p = .01), respectively. Multivariate analyses of the CSS revealed a single prognostic factor, namely pGTV <30 mL versus ≥30 mL (p = .0001, hazard ratio 2.84). Multivariate analyses of the PRFS gave a similar finding, with a pGTV ≥30 mL (p = .0001, hazard ratio 2.55) being significant.Conclusion.A patient's pGTV is a strong outcome predictor for hypopharyngeal cancer treatment using CCRT. Therefore, a selected group of patients, mainly those with tumor volumes <30 mL should be considered for laryngeal preservation. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Morbidity and functional outcomes following gastro‐omental free flap reconstruction of circumferential pharyngeal defects
Authors: Patel Rajan S. , Makitie Antti A. , Goldstein David P. , Gullane Patrick J. , Brown Dale , Irish Jonathan , Gilbert Ralph W. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBackground.In patients with extensive soft tissue fibrosis requiring circumferential pharyngeal reconstruction following definitive radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, we take advantage of abundant omental progenitor factors in the tubed gastro‐omental free flap. This study reviews our experience with this flap.Methods.Review of 11 patients (median follow‐up, 2.8 years) undergoing total pharyngolaryngectomy following organ preservation protocols for recurrent squamous cell carcinoma (n = 9) and stricture (n = 2).Results.Operative morbidity and mortality rates were 54% and 9%, respectively. One patient died following carotid rupture. Complications included: chyle leak (18%), pharyngocutaneous fistula (9%), and late stricture (27%). Ten patients (91%) achieved oral diet, and all 7 patients (100%) considered suitable for tracheoesophageal speech rehabilitation achieved functional speech. Seven patients remain alive without disease at a median of 41 months following surgery.Conclusions.The gastro‐omental flap provides a viable option in high‐risk patients undergoing circumferential pharyngeal reconstruction. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
miRNA expression profiles in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and adjacent normal tissue
Authors: Ramdas Latha , Giri Uma , Ashorn Cheryl L. , Coombes Kevin R. , El‐Naggar Adel , Ang K. Kian , Story Michael D. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBackground.The expression of miRNA in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) that had been classified as high risk by surgical pathologic features and validated by trial outcome for disease recurrence was determined and compared with matched adjacent normal tissues.Methods.miRNA and corresponding gene expression were determined using miRNA bioarrays and gene expression arrays.Results.Twenty miRNAs were determined to be differentially regulated in the HNSCC samples when compared with their normal tissue counterparts. Quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction confirmed differential regulation of miRNA expression, and gene expression analysis on these same‐paired samples confirmed the loss of putative mRNA targets including genes such as adenomatous polyposis coli, programmed cell death protein 4, and TGF beta receptor 3 in the tumor samples.Conclusions.These data suggest a role for the upregulation of specific miRNAs in high‐risk HNSCC. Furthermore, upregulation of these miRNAs may be responsible for the elimination of mRNAs that lead to the growth and progression of HNSCC. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Upper limb dysfunction following selective neck dissection: A retrospective questionnaire study
Authors: Carr Simon D. , Bowyer Duncan , Cox Graham 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBackground.To determine total upper limb function following selective neck dissection over a mean follow‐up of 1.6 years.Methods.A retrospective questionnaire study in a tertiary head and neck surgical unit. One hundred forty‐eight patients who underwent selective neck dissection for head and neck cancer from January 2000 to December 2005 were invited to participate. The main outcome measure was ipsilateral upper limb dysfunction as measured by the Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire.Results.Sixty‐five patients responded to the invitation to join the study from 148 invited. Despite accessory nerve conserving surgery for all the selective neck dissections studied, 23% reported no upper limb dysfunction, 54% reported mild upper limb dysfunction, 15% reported moderate, and 8% reported a severe dysfunction.Conclusions.Long‐term upper limb dysfunction is common following nerve preserving surgery. The DASH questionnaire is a useful preoperative and postoperative clinical tool for those patients undergoing selective neck dissections. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Analysis of thrombosis on postoperative day 5 or later after microvascular reconstruction for head and neck cancers
Authors: Kadota Hideki , Sakuraba Minoru , Kimata Yoshihiro , Yano Tomoyuki , Hayashi Ryuichi 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBackground.Because of the low incidence of late thrombosis in free flaps used for head and neck reconstruction, the risk factors, prognosis, and the optimal method of treatment are unclear.Methods.The timing of thrombosis, types of flaps, occluded vessels, causative factors, previous irradiation, and salvage rates were reviewed and compared between 79 patients who had thrombosis on postoperative day 4 or earlier (early‐thrombosis group) and 24 patients who had thrombosis on postoperative day 5 or later (late‐thrombosis group).Results.The main causative factor for thrombosis in the late‐thrombosis group was wound infection (54%), whereas wound infection was present in only 1% of cases of thrombosis in the early‐thrombosis group. None of the flaps could be salvaged in the late‐thrombosis group.Conclusion.Poor salvage rate in the late‐thrombosis group is the most serious problem. Prevention, early detection, and appropriate management of wound infection are essential for avoiding late thrombosis. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Development and validation of the functional assessment of cancer therapy nasopharyngeal cancer subscale
Authors: Tong Michael C. F. , Lo Phoebe S. Y. , Wong Kam Hung , Yeung Rebecca M. W. , van Hasselt C. Andrew , Eremenco Sonya , Cella David 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBackground.We aimed to develop a quality‐of‐life subscale for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and validate the functional assessment of cancer therapy‐nasopharyngeal (FACT‐NP).Methods.The FACT‐NP was tested cross‐sectionally in survivors of postirradiated NPC (n = 357) and was administered to newly diagnosed patients (n = 160) before, at the end of, and 3 months after radiotherapy (RT).Results.Each FACT‐NP domain was internally consistent (Cronbach's alpha = 0.87–0.90). The test–retest reliability for each subscale was satisfactory (intraclass correlation coefficient = .73–.88). Concurrent validity was suggested by the moderate to strong correlations between the FACT‐NP and the Quality of Life‐Radiation Therapy Instrument‐Head and Neck (QOL‐RTI‐H&N) subscales (Pearson r = .39–.84). The FACT‐NP was responsive to clinical changes from pretreatment to 3 months after RT (effect sizes > 0.6 for clinically relevant subscales). The pooled data for multitrait scaling analysis showed satisfactory item internal consistency and item discriminant validity (100% and 90% scaling success, respectively).Conclusion.The FACT‐NP is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring QOL in patients with NPC. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Identification of the maximum acceptable frequencies of upper‐extremity motions in the sagittal plane
Authors: Kwon Ochae , You Heecheon , Jung Kihyo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe present study examined the maximum acceptable frequencies (MAFs; motions/min) of upper‐extremity motions in the sagittal plane at different forces. A dumbbell of 9.8 or 39.2 N was rotated by the arm about the shoulder, the forearm about the elbow, and the hand about the wrist; a dynamometer was pressed to 2.45 or 9.8 N by the index finger. Seventeen right‐handed Korean men in their 20s without any history of musculoskeletal disorders received 1 hour of individual training and conducted each upper‐extremity task for 30 minutes a day, assuming they were on an incentive basis. The participants determined their MAFs for 8 hours of work by the self‐adjustment method, and work pulse (change in heart rate; beats per minute [bpm]) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured. For a limited set of conditions, the reproducibility of the MAF experimental protocol was found satisfactory (r = 0.97; interclass correlation coefficient > 0.95). The average MAFs of arm, forearm, hand, and index finger motions were 24, 45, 56, and 128 at their low force level and 9, 20, 30, and 66 at their high force level. The average work pulses of arm, forearm, and hand motions were 3.0, 2.1, and 1.5 times that of index finger motion (4.2 bpm at their low force level and 5.7 bpm at their high force level). The maximum average RPEs at the upper‐extremity regions ranged from 2.1 (weak) to 3.1 (moderate) in Borg's CR‐10 scale. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Screening and adenocarcinoma of the cervix
Authors: Sasieni Peter , Castanon Alejandra , Cuzick Jack 
Published: March 2009

AbstractScreening has had a major impact on cervical cancer in many countries. Although there can be no doubt about its effectiveness in preventing squamous‐cell carcinoma, there is little evidence of any benefit on adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma of the cervix, and many authors have concluded that it is ineffective. A population‐based case–control design was used in women aged 20–69 in the United Kingdom, with information on screening obtained from routine databases. Among 3,305 cases with known histology, 641 had adenocarcinoma and 133 adenosquamous carcinoma. The risk reduction associated with 3‐yearly screening was greater for squamous carcinoma (75%, 95%CI 71–79%) and adenosquamous carcinoma (83%, 95%CI 68–91%) than for adenocarcinoma (43%, 95%CI 24–58%). Among stage 1B+ cases, 83% (335/406) of women with adenocarcinoma had been screened within 10 years of diagnosis. This is very similar to controls (82%, 3,292/3,965), but much higher than in women with squamous carcinoma (57%, 852/1,493). Incidence of adenocarcinoma was low within 2.5 years of a negative smear (OR 2.3, 95%CI 0.15–0.34), but was no different from the background rates 4.5–5.5 years after a negative smear. We conclude that screening has reduced the incidence of adenocarcinoma of the cervix, but the prognostic value of cytology is less (in both magnitude and duration) for adenocarcinoma than for squamous carcinoma. The impact of screening on adenosquamous carcinoma is similar to its impact on squamous carcinoma. © 2009 UICC
Accumulation of lipid peroxidation‐derived DNA lesions in iron‐overloaded thalassemic mouse livers: Comparison with levels in the lymphocytes of thalassemia patients
Authors: Meerang Mayura , Nair Jagadeesan , Sirankapracha Pornpan , Thephinlap Chonthida , Srichairatanakool Somdet , Arab Khelifa , Kalpravidh Ruchaneekorn , Vadolas Jim , Fucharoen Suthat , Bartsch Helmut 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn thalassemia patients, iron overload can stimulate lipid peroxidation (LPO), thereby generating miscoding DNA adducts. Adducted DNA was measured in the lymphocytes of β‐Thal/Hb E patients and healthy controls and in the organs of thalassemic mice. εdA, εdC and M1dG residues were quantified by 32P‐postlabeling‐TLC/HPLC. M1dG levels in lymphocyte DNA from patients were 4 times as high as in controls, while the increase in εdA and εdC was not significant. Adducted DNA accumulated in the liver of thalassemic mice having >2.7 mg Fe/g tissue dry weight; DNA adducts and iron were highly correlated. εdA was not specifically generated in certain mouse liver cell types as revealed by immunohistochemical staining. We found elevated LPO‐induced DNA damage in the liver of thalassemic mouse and in lymphocytes, implicating that massive DNA damage occurs in the liver of thalassemia patients. We conclude that promutagenic LPO‐derived DNA lesions are involved in the onset of hepatocellular carcinoma in these patients. © 2009 UICC
Allorestricted T lymphocytes with a high avidity T‐cell receptor towards NY‐ESO‐1 have potent anti‐tumor activity
Authors: Krönig Holger , Hofer Kathrin , Conrad Heinke , Guilaume Philippe , Müller Julia , Schiemann Matthias , Lennerz Volker , Cosma Antonio , Peschel Christian , Busch Dirk H. , Romero Pedro , Bernhard Helga 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe cancer‐testis antigen NY‐ESO‐1 has been targeted as a tumor‐associated antigen by immunotherapeutical strategies, such as cancer vaccines. The prerequisite for a T‐cell‐based therapy is the induction of T cells capable of recognizing the NY‐ESO‐1‐expressing tumor cells. In this study, we generated human T lymphocytes directed against the immunodominant NY‐ESO‐1157–165 epitope known to be naturally presented with HLA‐A*0201. We succeeded to isolate autorestricted and allorestricted T lymphocytes with low, intermediate or high avidity TCRs against the NY‐ESO‐1 peptide. The avidity of the established CTL populations correlated with their capacity of lysing HLA‐A2‐positive, NY‐ESO‐1‐expressing tumor cell lines derived from different origins, e.g. melanoma and myeloma. The allorestricted NY‐ESO‐1‐specific T lymphocytes displayed TCRs with the highest avidity and best anti‐tumor recognition activity. TCRs derived from allorestricted, NY‐ESO‐1‐specific T cells may be useful reagents for redirecting primary T cells by TCR gene transfer and, therefore, may facilitate the development of adoptive transfer regimens based on TCR‐transduced T cells for the treatment of NY‐ESO‐1‐expressing hematological malignancies and solid tumors. © 2009 UICC
Effect of chondroitin sulfate modification on rhBMP‐2 release kinetics from collagen delivery system
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhang Lihai , Hu Min , Wen Weisheng , Xiao Hongxi , Niu Yu 
Published: March 2009

AbstractProtein delivery systems focus on protecting the protein that directly affects release kinetics. This study was carried out to determine the effect of surface polar group and fiber structure in a recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (rhBMP‐2) protecting system based on a collagen matrix on its pharmacokinetics (PK) and osteoinductive activity In this study, two types of collagen carriers were made for rhBMP‐2 protecting system. The PKs of rhBMPs within collagen (Col) and collagen‐chondroitin sulfate (Col‐CS) carriers were determined using 125I‐labeled proteins in rat ectopic assay. The two carriers were characterized with surface energy and hydrophilicity. We observed that the osteoinductivity of these two scaffolds seemed to depend on two parameters: the nature of the carrier material and the release kinetics of the carriers. Results indicated that with CS modification, the initial burst release of rhBMP‐2 from Col‐CS scaffold was much higher than collagen scaffold. The subsequent PKs at longer times were not strongly dependent on the carriers. These differences were expected to affect the osteoinductive activity of the implants. It was concluded that surface energy played a significant role in the release PK of implanted rhBMP and higher initial burst is favorable to bone regeneration near the matrix. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2010
Amide–π interactions between formamide and benzene
Authors: Imai Yumi N. , Inoue Yoshihisa , Nakanishi Isao , Kitaura Kazuo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractHigh‐level ab initio calculations have been carried out using a formamide–benzene model system to evaluate amide–π interactions. The interaction energies were estimated as a sum of the CCSD(T) correlation contribution and the HF energy at the complete basis set limit, for the geometries of the model structures at the energy minimum obtained by potential energy surface (PES) scans. NH/π geometry in a face‐on configuration was found to be the most attractive among the various geometries considered, with interaction energy of −3.75 kcal/mol. An interaction energy of −2.08 kcal/mol was calculated for the stacked N/Center type geometry, where the nitrogen atom of formamide points directly toward the center of the aromatic ring. The weakest CO/π geometry, where a carbonyl oxygen atom points toward the plane of the aromatic ring, was found to have energy minimum at an intermolecular distance of 3.67 Å from the PES, with a repulsive interaction energy less than 1 kcal/mol. However, if there are simultaneous attractive interactions with other parts of the molecule besides the amide group, the weak repulsion could be easily overcome, to give a CO/π geometry interaction. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009
Mammalian sperm quality and aromatase expression
Authors: Carreau Serge , Delalande Christelle , Galeraud‐Denis Isabelle 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn most mammalian species the aromatase is encoded by a single gene (cyp19), which contains 18 exons, 9 of them being translated. In adult rats, together with Leydig cells germ cells represent an additional source of estrogens. The amount of P450arom transcript is threefold higher in pachytene spermatocytes compared to younger cells (spermatogonia‐preleptotene spermatocyte) or round spermatids; conversely, aromatase activity is more intense in haploid cells. In man besides Leydig cells, we have shown the presence of a biologically active aromatase and of estrogen receptors (ERα and ERß) in immature germ cells and ejaculated spermatozoa. Concerning aromatase, a 30% decrease of the amount of mRNA is observed in immotile compared to motile sperm fraction from the same sample; moreover, the aromatase activity is diminished. We have amplified aromatase mRNA by RT‐real time PCR in spermatozoa from asthenospermic, teratospermic, and asthenoteratospermic men and recorded respectively 44, 52, and 67% decreases of the amount of transcripts as compared to controls. Statistical analyses between the sperm morphology and the aromatase/GAPDH ratio have revealed a high degree of correlation (r = −0.64) with the percentage of abnormal spermatozoa (especially microcephaly and acrosome malformations). Alterations of sperm number and motility have been described in men genetically deficient in aromatase, which together with our data, suggest a likely role for aromatase/estrogens in the acquisition of sperm motility. Therefore besides gonadotrophins and testosterone, estrogens produced locally should be considered as a physiologically relevant hormone involved in the regulation of mammalian spermatogenesis. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.