bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A rare case of parasitic rachipagus conjoined twins: illustrative case
Authors: Kahsay Seare Halefom , Gebreziher Yirgalem Teklebirhan 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
A conjoined parasitic twin is a grossly defective fetus or fetal parts attached externally to a relatively normal twin. Rachipagus conjoined twins are fused at the spine. Conjoined twinning is an exceedingly uncommon congenital abnormality, with rachipagus twinning being the rarest variant.

OBSERVATIONS
The authors report the case of a rare parasitic rachipagus conjoined twin who was surgically managed at 9 weeks of age. The patient presented with skin-covered swelling on her upper back that resembled digits. Further study with computed tomography showed parasitic content of the digits and embryonic tissue and the absence of posterior elements of the T4 and T5 vertebrae without meningocele at the autosite. The patient underwent successful excision of the parasitic twin and subsequently had normal growth and development.

LESSONS
Neural tube defects of varying degrees occur in almost all rachipagus parasites, which should be taken into account in the comprehensive treatment of the pathology. Patients vary in the degree of fusion, and preoperative imaging to demonstrate the complex surgical anatomy at the fusion site should be an integral part of treatment. A multidisciplinary team consisting of neurosurgeons, pediatric surgeons, and plastic surgeons is required.
https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24698
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ У ВІДНОВЛЕННІ ФУНКЦІЙ ВЕРХНЬОЇ КІНЦІВКИ У ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ ПІСЛЯ ВОГНЕПАЛЬНИХ ПОРАНЕНЬ ПЛЕЧА
Authors: ОДИНЕЦЬ Тетяна , ЧИЖИШИНА Тетяна , ВАНЮК Олександр 
Published: February 2025

Тривалі військові дії в Україні створюють серйозні виклики для медичної системи. Використання сучасних видів озброєння спричиняє значну тяжкість вогнепальних ушкоджень, зокрема кінцівок, що ускладнює процес надання медичної допомоги з метою максимально швидкого відновлення анатомічної цілісності та функціональних можливостей. Мета дослідження: теоретично обґрунтувати особливості фізичної терапії військовослужбовців у відновленні функцій верхньої кінцівки у військовослужбовців після вогнепальних поранень плеча. В роботі були застосовані методи теоретичного рівня дослідження: аналіз, порівняння, індукція, дедукція, систематизація та узагальнення науково-методичної літератури. Фізична терапія військовослужбовців є важливою складовою процесу відновлення після травм, зокрема вогнепальних поранень, і сприяє не тільки фізичному, але й психологічному відновленню. У ході реабілітації важливо застосовувати індивідуальний підхід до кожного пацієнта, оскільки характер пошкоджень, фізіологічний стан та потреби військовослужбовців можуть значно варіюватися. Використання терапевтичних вправ потребує активної участі пацієнта у процесі фізичної терапії, формуючи свідоме ставлення до виконання вправ і участь у коригуванні свого рухового режиму. Важливо підходити до кожного пацієнта індивідуально, враховуючи не лише тип і ступінь ушкодження, але й інші фактори, такі як вік, функціональні порушення, рівень фізичної підготовленості та психологічний стан. Таким чином, ефективна реабілітація військовослужбовців з вогнепальними травмами плеча вимагає глибокого розуміння специфіки поранень, індивідуальних особливостей постраждалих та використання інноваційних методик для забезпечення повноцінного відновлення фізичного та емоційного здоров'я.
СПЕКТРОФОТОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЕ СТАНДАРТЫ 8m-10m . VI. ЗОНА +40°
Authors: Tereschenko Vladimir 
Published: February 2025

В статье представлены результаты заключительного этапа программы по созданию сети спектрофотометрических стандартов промежуточного блеска. В ней приведено абсолютное распределение энергии в спектрах 13 В9V-А2V-звезд, имеющих блеск от 7.5m до 8.5m. Все исследованные звезды расположены равномерно вдоль суточной параллели со склонением равным +40°. Распределение энергии исследовано в интервале длин волн 340 - 665нм. Спектральное разрешение данных составляет 5нм, относительная среднеквадратичная ошибка полученных результатов - от 3 до 6%. Первичными стандартами служили 7 звезд, для которых распределение энергии получено ранее и приведено, в частности, в первой работе данного цикла. Энергетическая шкала первичных стандартов и, соответственно, исследованных звезд, основана на распределении энергии в спектре основного первичного спектрофотометрического стандарта – Веги, выведенного Д. Хейессом. Наблюдения выполнены на телескопах АЗТ-8 и Цейсс-600 с помощью дифракционного спектрографа с тороидальной решеткой. Приемником излучения служила ПЗС-камера ATIK-490. Так как распределение энергии для исследованных звезд получено впервые, то оценка достоверности полученных результатов сделана путем сравнения их с фотометрическими данными B и V в системе UBV. Полученные данные о внеатмосферном распределении энергии в спектрах исследованных звезд предназначены, прежде всего, для стандартизации спектрофотометрических наблюдений любых небесных тел в видимой области. Их также можно использовать для определения физических параметров самих звезд-стандартов.
Gingival fibroblast suppress the osteogenesis process mediated by bone substitute materials via WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Liu Guanqi , Lin Jiahui , Chen Xiaoyan , Liu Runheng 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe regeneration of bone tissue is a critical challenge in oral and maxillofacial surgery, with the success of such procedures often depending on the ability to promote osteogenesis while managing the soft tissue environment. The role of gingival fibroblasts in modulating the osteogenic potential of mandible mesenchymal stem cells (MMSCs) mediated by bone substitute materials (BSMs) is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of gingival fibroblasts on the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in the presence of BSMs and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms, focusing on the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway.MethodsGingival fibroblasts and BSMs co-culture conditioned medium was used to culture MMSCs, and the expression and activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as osteogenic and fibrogenic gene and protein expression, were evaluated. Additionally, the expression of key factors of WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway were investigated. In vivo animal experiments were conducted to assess the effect of gingival fibroblasts on BSM-mediated bone regeneration.ResultsGingival fibroblasts and BSMs co-culture environment did not affect MMSCs proliferation but significantly inhibited ALP expression and activity, as well as osteogenic gene and protein expression, while promoting expression of fibrogenic markers. This suppression was associated with the downregulation of key factors in the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. In vivo, increased suppression of bone defect repair was observed with higher amounts of gingival fibroblasts, confirming the in vitro findings.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that gingival fibroblasts can suppress the osteogenic potential of BSMs by inhibiting the autocrine WNT expression and the activation of the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway in MMSCs. These findings highlight the importance of considering the cellular microenvironment in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine and suggest potential targets for modulating MMSCs behavior to enhance bone regeneration.
Risk factors analysis and prediction model establishment of acute kidney injury after heart valve replacement in patients with normal renal function
Authors: Huang Xiaofan , Sun Xiangyu , Song Jiangang , Wang Yongqiang , Liu Jindong , Zhang Yu 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe study aimed to develop a risk prediction model through screening preoperative risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) after heart valve replacement in patients with normal renal function.MethodsA total of 608 patients with normal renal function who underwent heart valve replacement from November 2013 to June 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. The Lasso regression was used to preliminarily screen potential risk factors, which were entered into the multivariable logistic regression analysis to identify preoperative independent risk factors for postoperative AKI. Based on the results, a risk prediction model was developed, and traditional and dynamic nomograms were constructed. The risk prediction model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).Results220 patients (36.2%) developed AKI after surgery. Current smoker, hypertension, heart failure, previous myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular disease, CysC, and NT-proBNP were selected as independent risk factors for AKI. A risk prediction model, a traditional and a dynamic nomogram were developed based on the above factors. The area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC for predicting the risk of postoperative AKI was 0.803 (95% CI 0.769–0.836), with sensitivity and specificity of 84.9% and 63.4%, respectively. The calibration curve slope was close to 1, and the DCA showed that the model produced better clinical benefits when the probability threshold was set at 10%–82%.ConclusionsWe developed a preoperative risk prediction model for AKI after heart valve replacement in patients with normal renal function, which demonstrated satisfactory discrimination and calibration.
Apical periodontitis in inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis at patient and tooth level
Authors: La Rosa Giusy Rita Maria , Lorenzo-Pouso Alejandro Ismael , Caponio Vito Carlo Alberto , Puci Mariangela Valentina 
Published: February 2025

Apical periodontitis (AP) is the local inflammation of periapical tissues originating from the dental pulp disease. Cumulative evidence suggests a link between oral and gastro-intestinal systems in both health and disease. In this context, the relationship between AP and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) has not yet been elucidated. The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to describe the prevalence of AP in patients with IBDs and evaluate the potential association between AP and IBDs. Electronic (Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) and manual literature searches were conducted from inception to 31 October, 2023 (updated in August, 2024). Strict inclusion criteria were applied to identify observational and experimental clinical studies on AP in IBDs patients. The bias risk was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools and a biases' report selected from the Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine Catalogue of Bias. A meta-analysis was performed to determine the pooled prevalence and risk of AP at individual and tooth level and the quality of evidence was assessed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. The search strategy identified 82 articles with 5 studies included (657 subjects, 7,142 teeth). The overall proportion of AP was 58% at patient level (95% CI = 37%–78%, I2 = 95.3%) and 7% at tooth level (95% CI = 2%–15%; I2 = 99.2%). AP was prevalent in IBDs subjects than in healthy controls, both at patient and tooth level. The pooled OR was 1.57 (95% CI = 1.04–2.35; P = 0.038; I2 = 20%) at patient level, and 1.91 (95% CI = 1.16–3.15; P = 0.011; I2 = 82%) at tooth level. A potential association between AP and IBDs is plausible, although the quality evidence was low to very low. Longitudinal and experimental studies should be conducted to better understand the relationship between these two conditions and explore any potential causative factors.
Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=411038, PROSPERO (CRD42023411038).
A prognostic signature of Glutathione metabolism-associated long non-coding RNAs for lung adenocarcinoma with immune microenvironment insights
Authors: Hu Junxi , Tian Shuyu , Liu Qingwen , Hou Jiaqi , wu Jun , Wang Xiaolin , Shu Yusheng 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundGlutathione (GSH) metabolism supports tumor redox balance and drug resistance, while long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) influence lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression. This study developed a prognostic model using GSH-related lncRNAs to predict LUAD outcomes and assess tumor immunity.MethodsThis study analyzed survival data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and identified GSH metabolism-related lncRNAs using Pearson correlation. A prognostic model was built with Cox and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) methods and validated by Kaplan-Meier analysis, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Functional analysis revealed immune infiltration and drug sensitivity differences. Quantitative PCR and experimental studies confirmed the role of lnc-AL162632.3 in LUAD.ResultsOur model included a total of nine lncRNAs, namely AL162632.3, AL360270.1, LINC00707, DEPDC1-AS1, GSEC, LINC01711, AL078590.2, AC026355.2, and AL096701.4. The model effectively forecasted patient survival, and the nomogram, incorporating additional clinical risk factors, satisfied clinical needs adequately. Patient stratification based on model scores revealed significant disparities in immune cell composition, functionality, and mutations between groups. Additionally, variations were noted in the IC50 values for key lung cancer medications such as Cisplatin, Docetaxel, and Paclitaxel. In vitro cell experiment results showed that AL162632.3 was markedly upregulated, while AC026355.2 tended to be downregulated across these cell lines. Ultimately, suppressing lnc-AL162632.3 markedly reduced the growth, mobility, and invasiveness of lung cancer cells.ConclusionThis study identified GSH metabolism-related lncRNAs as key prognostic factors in LUAD and developed a model for risk stratification. High-risk patients showed increased tumor mutation burden (TMB) and stemness, emphasizing the potential of personalized immunotherapy to improve survival outcomes.
Impact of virtual agent facial emotions and attention on N170 ERP amplitude: comparative study
Authors: Kirasirova Luisa , Maslova Olga , Pyatin Vasiliy 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionIt is known from the literature that face perception of virtual agents affects the amplitude and latency of the ERP components. However, sensitivity of the N170 component to virtual agent facial emotions, and level of attention to facial emotional expressions were not investigated in the virtual reality environment by now, which was the aim of our study.MethodsEEG recording, 2D and 3D visual testing of the neutral, happy and disgusted facial emotions of virtual agents were used. The protocol consisted of three sessions in the attentional condition of participants to each facial emotion (passive, active, and active to neutral facial emotional expression). The amplitudes of the N170 ERP were also reflected in the comparative analysis between 2D and VR.ResultsIn the context of virtual agent facial emotional expressions, we identified the following dynamics of the N170 amplitude: attention (passive/active) showed no signaling effect; active attention to neutral virtual agent facial emotions reduced the N170 amplitude; significant interactions were observed between the factors “emotion × attention” and “environment × attention,” but no interaction was found among all three factors.ConclusionThe immersive quality of the environment in which visual and emotional events are presented has a less pronounced effect on early-stage facial processing at N170 amplitude. Thus, our findings indicate that the N170 amplitude is primarily modulated by the emotional content and attention directed to virtual agent facial emotional expressions.
Case report: From misdiagnosis to timely detection: a clinical and imaging guide to neurological presentations of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma—insights from six cases
Authors: Yang Chunxiao , Gong Zihua , Wang Tao , Yuan Huijuan , Na Weinan , Xie Wei , Yu Shengyuan 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe clinical spectrum of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is notably heterogeneous. Some DLBCL patients initially present with neurological manifestations, leading to their preliminary diagnosis within neurology departments. However, the overlap of clinical and auxiliary examination findings with those of various neurological entities—such as cerebral infarction, demyelination, viral encephalitis, and peripheral neuropathy—often results in diagnostic misattribution.Case presentationWe delineate six pathologically-confirmed DLBCL cases, each heralded by neurological deficits, including limb paresis, sensory loss, vertigo, seizure activity, and aphasia. These presentations precipitated multiple erroneous diagnoses pertaining to nervous system pathologies, culminating in a median diagnostic latency of 8 months.ConclusionThe differential diagnostic process for the misdiagnosed conditions in these cases has been meticulously revisited, enhancing the diagnostic acumen of neurologists. These cases underscore the imperative for neurologists to maintain a high index of suspicion for lymphoma in atypical presentations and to judiciously integrate multimodal diagnostic modalities—such as comprehensive imaging, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and biopsy—to expedite diagnosis and initiate timely intervention.
The development and evaluation of a tublysine-based antibody-drug conjugate with enhanced tumor therapeutic efficacy
Authors: Guo Huihui , Xie Hongsheng , Huang Yuanyuan , Jia Junxiang , Kong Xiangfei , Yang Qingliang , Gai Shun , Li Wenjun , Bai Lu , Zhang Lingli , Chen Xiaoxiao , Ye Zhicang , Ye Hangbo , Zhao Linyao , Xu Yifang , Du Yong , Zhang Xiuzhen , Chen Miaomiao , Zhou Xiaomai , Zhao Robert Y. 
Published: February 2025

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) offer targeted cancer therapy by delivering cytotoxic agents directly to tumor cells. However, challenges such as relapse, resistance, and diverse patient needs drive ongoing innovation in ADC development. Exploration of new small-molecule toxins with unique antitumor and toxicity profiles is crucial. Tub114, a novel Tubulysin B analog with a hydrophilic ethylene glycol moiety, has been conjugated to the anti-HER2 antibody DX-CHO9, forming the ADC DX126-262. This study examines the efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and safety profile of DX126-262, with a focus on Tubulysin-associated liver toxicity. In vivo efficacy was assessed using three HER2-positive tumor models, with dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition compared to established treatments. Pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in cynomolgus monkeys across a dosing range (3–30 mg/kg) to compare clearance and stability with Kadcyla and Enhertu. Acute toxicity assays were conducted in mice (75 and 150 mg/kg doses), and repeated-dose toxicity was evaluated over five doses, administered every 3 weeks in rats and cynomolgus monkeys. DX126-262 demonstrated significant and dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition across HER2-positive models, with superior antitumor efficacy compared to Kadcyla and comparable efficacy to Enhertu in vivo studies. In pharmacokinetic studies, DX126-262 exhibited a clearance rate similar to Enhertu and enhanced stability compared to Kadcyla. Acute toxicity assays revealed reduced hepatotoxicity at doses of 75 and 150 mg/kg in mice, with improved tolerance. In repeated-dose toxicity studies, DX126-262 was well tolerated in rats at doses up to 200 mg/kg, with the highest non-severely toxic dose (HNSTD) established at 100 mg/kg. In cynomolgus monkeys, DX126-262 demonstrated superior hepatotoxic tolerability without significant bone marrow suppression, with an HNSTD of 30 mg/kg. DX126-262, incorporating Tub114, a novel Tubulysin B analog, effectively mitigates the inherent hepatotoxicity associated with Tubulysin compounds while maintaining strong antitumor efficacy. These findings suggest that DX126-262 could serve as a safer and more effective option for HER2-targeted cancer therapy, warranting further clinical studies to confirm its therapeutic potential.
Factors influencing emotional driving: examining the impact of arousal on the interplay between age, personality, and driving behaviors
Authors: Shangguan Zhegong , Han Xiao , Mrhasli Younesse El , Lyu Nengchao , Tapus Adriana 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionDrivers' emotions have been widely investigated in transportation due to their significant effects on driving behaviors and traffic accidents. Appraisal theory posits that emotional reactions are influenced by individuals' attitudes toward current circumstances and events, thereby shaping their driving attitudes and styles. However, In the study of emotional driving, research often focuses on the impact of single factors such as age, gender, and personality, while the interplay between these multiple factors is a challenge. This study aims to explore the impact of age, personality, and driving experience on driving behaviors, and to investigate the interaction effect between these factors, particularly the role of emotional arousal.MethodUsing moderated moderation and mediated moderation analyses, we examined how these individual factors interact and influence driving behaviors, including acceleration, speed stability, and steering performance. Data were collected from a driving simulation experiment involving 40 Chinese participants in various emotional states.ResultsOur findings revealed that higher-age drivers and experienced drivers displayed lower maximum acceleration and better speed stability. Extraversion significantly mediated the relationship between age and driving behaviors, with this relationship being moderated by arousal states. Additionally, Neuroticism moderated the relationship between driving experience and driving behaviors.ConclusionThis study highlights how individual factors influence the trajectory of personality development in relation to driving behaviors. These findings have practical implications for improving traffic safety and driver education programs by incorporating emotional and personality-based interventions. Further long-term and individualized studies are needed to better understand these interactions and develop targeted interventions.
Identifying relevant EEG channels for subject-independent emotion recognition using attention network layers
Authors: Valderrama Camilo E. , Sheoran Anshul 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundElectrical activity recorded with electroencephalography (EEG) enables the development of predictive models for emotion recognition. These models can be built using two approaches: subject-dependent and subject-independent. Although subject-independent models offer greater practical utility compared to subject-dependent models, they face challenges due to the significant variability of EEG signals between individuals. ObjectiveOne potential solution to enhance subject-independent approaches is to identify EEG channels that are consistently relevant across different individuals for predicting emotion. With the growing use of deep learning in emotion recognition, incorporating attention mechanisms can help uncover these shared predictive patterns.MethodsThis study explores this method by applying attention mechanism layers to identify EEG channels that are relevant for predicting emotions in three independent datasets (SEED, SEED-IV, and SEED-V). ResultsThe model achieved average accuracies of 79.3% (CI: 76.0-82.5%), 69.5% (95% CI: 64.2-74.8%) and 60.7% (95% CI: 52.3-69.2%) on these datasets, revealing that EEG channels located along the head circumference, including Fp1, Fp2, F7, F8, T7, T8, P7, P8, O1, and O2, are the most crucial for emotion prediction. ConclusionThese results emphasize the importance of capturing relevant electrical activity from these EEG channels, thereby facilitating the prediction of emotions evoked by audiovisual stimuli in subject-independent approaches.