bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precision of suture placement with microscope‐ and loupe‐assisted anastomoses
Authors: Rooks Michael D. , Slappey Joseph , Zusmanis Kathy 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTwenty‐eight anastomoses involving seven surgeons were done on 2 mm Gortex vascular prostheses to test the effect of magnification on the precision of suture placement. One‐half were done with 3.5‐4 × prism loupe magnification and the other one‐half with 8‐30 × microscope magnification. The variability of suture placement (defined here as precision) was measured in a blinded fashion. The mean suture puncture to prosthesis edge measurement for the microscope‐assisted group was ∼ 0.03 mm closer to the edge. The variability from the mean for the microscope‐assisted group was ∼ 0.01 mm less than that for the loupe‐assisted group. This difference was statistically significant at a P value of 0.0123. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss Inc.
Non‐revascularized epigastric free flap: No all‐or‐none survival pattern
Authors: Franken Ralph J. P. M. , Werker Paul M. N. , Overgoor Max L. E. , Kon Moshe 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe have previously shown that the epigastric flap in Dark Agouty rats, measuring approximately 6 × 4 cm with borders related to well‐defined anatomical structures, does not exhibit an all‐or‐none survival pattern. This study was designed to investigate the survival pattern of non‐revascularized epigastric flaps in three other rat strains (Sprague‐Dawley, Brown‐Norway, and Lewis). In concordance with our earlier observations, but in contrast to reports by many other groups, in none of the used strains was an all‐or‐none survival pattern observed. Survival varying from 2 to 30% (mean, 12%) of the original flap, without significant differences between the strains, was found. The locations of survival exhibited a clear pattern, probably owing to the fat pad in the subcutis and revascularisation from the recipient wound edges. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss Inc.
Axonal regeneration rate through cross‐face nerve grafts
Authors: Braam Marjorie J. I. , Nicolai Jean‐Philippe A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe disfigurement of irreversible unilateral facial paralysis can be corrected by cross‐face nerve grafting in conjunction with muscle transplantation. A total of 33 patients underwent cross‐face nerve grafting using the sural nerve prior to undergoing the second stage of the procedure. Before a muscle transplant can be successfully connected to the distal end of the cross‐face nerve graft, the regenerating axons need to have grown from the contralateral facial nerve to the distal end of the nerve graft. This can be tested by the Tinel sign. A retrospective study was performed to determine the rate of growth of regenerating axons through the cross‐face nerve graft. A rate of axon growth of 1.8 mm/day was found, and also an inverse relationship between the age of the patient and the regeneration rate. These results can be used as a guide in planning patients' treatment. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss Inc.
Inside‐out vein graft promotes improved nerve regeneration in rats
Authors: Wang Kai‐Kai , Costas Paul D. , Bryan David J. , Jones David S. , Seckel Brooke R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractVein grafts have been used both experimentally and clinically to bridge gaps in peripheral nerves. This study describes a modification of the vein graft technique in which vein graft conduits are pulled inside‐out before anastomosis with proximal and distal nerve stumps. This technique creates an autogenous vein conduit with the collagen‐rich adventitial surface exposed to the regenerating axons. The inside‐out technique is a fast and simple modification of the standard vein graft technique and produces an accelerated rate of nerve regeneration and significantly earlier myelination compared with the results obtained from the use of polyethylene nerve guides and standard vein graft conduits. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss Inc.
Free fibular transfer in a growing individual (long‐term results)
Authors: Concannon Matthew J. , Croll Gregory H. , Boschert Mark T. , Gaines Robert W. , Puckett Charles L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe present a case report of a 4‐year‐old in whom the distal fibula and epiphyseal plate had been traumatically destroyed. A free vascularized epiphyseal transfer using the ipsilateral proximal fibula was performed which provided good bony stability at the ankle, as well as excellent long‐term growth characteristics. We demonstrate immediate postoperative results, as well as long‐term (5 years) follow‐up. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss Inc.
Reconstruction of oropharyngeal defects utilizing a free radial forearm flap
Authors: Aki Fabio Ezo , Besteiro Julio Morais , Ferreira Marcus Castro 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe authors report their experience with free radial forearm flaps for oropharyngeal reconstruction.Fifteen patients who submitted to intraoral reconstruction with this flap were followed for periods ranging from 3 to 36 months, with a mean of 14 months. Ages ranged from 15 to 58 years with a mean of 41. The defects were secondary to tumor ablation (11 patients), complications of conventional treatment for congenital deformities (3 patients) and trauma resulting from a gunshot wound to the upper lip and palate (1 patient).Total necrosis of 1 flap occurred and 1 patients required reoperation on the first postoperativeday for revisionof the anastomoses.Our results enable us to recommend the radial forearm flap as the flap of choice for reconstruction of extensive oropharyngeal defects. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Extraplexual neurotization of brachial plexus
Authors: Azze Ronaldo J. , Mattar Rames , Ferreira Marcus Castro , Starck Regina , Canedo Antonio Carlos 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe authors reviewed 62 neurotizations of the brachial plexus in 71 patients performed between 1974 and 1989. The nerves used were the accessory, the motor or sensory branches of the cervical plexus, and the intercostals. Twenty‐five suprascapular nerves, 19 musculocutaneous, 4 medial roots of the median nerve, and 12 lateral roots of the median nerve were neurotized. The authors concluded that useful results can be achieved using extraplexual neurotizations. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reconstruction of the foot with microvascular free flaps
Authors: Ferreira Marcus Castro , Besteiro Julio Morais , Monteiro Araldo A. , Zumiotti Arnaldo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractReconstruction of the foot using microvascular flaps has been widely performed in the last 15 years but the choice of flap to repair some areas in the foot remains controversial. We present a series of 128 free flaps to the foot performed during the period of 1975–1990. One hundred and seventeen had a successful outcome (91%). The etiology of the problem was traumatic in 94, congenital in 10, tumor in 9, and chronic ulcerations due to vascular problems in 15. The indications for a specific flap depended on the site and extension of the foot problem, and were divided into four groups:
Dorsum of the foot. Cutaneous parascapular flap was the best choice.
The sole‐weight‐bearing area. We favored the use of the latissimus dorsi muscle flap covered with a split thickness skin graft, done immediately. A proper tailoring of the flap and postoperative care by the patient are very important to maintain the result without ulceration. Tactile sensation does not seem to be essential.
The area over the calcaneus tendon. We have used cutaneous flaps such as the parascapular and lateral arm flap or fascial flaps covered by split thickness skin grafts (STSG). The fascia used were the serratus or the parascapular.
Complex trauma problems with extensive skin loss or chronic ulcerations due to vascular diseases: the latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous or muscle plus STSG was mostly used.
The overall number of donor areas were 5 groins, 48 parascapular, 2 gluteal fold flaps, 4 lateral arm, 61 latissimus dorsi, and 8 fascial flaps. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia by microsurgical fibula transfer
Authors: Zumiotti Arnaldo , Ferreira Marcus Castro 
Published: March 2007

AbstractConventional methods for the treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) often lead to unsatisfactory results and so microsurgical fibula transfer (MFT) has appeared as an option to treat this challenging problem.In this series of 27 patients with CPT, we obtained satisfactory results in 23 as assessed by the timing of bone union and bone hypertrophy of the fibular transplant.The overall functional results were also good; in 18 patients, the residual shortening was less than 2 cm (with no limb shortening in 4) and in 7, shortening ranged between 2 and 4 cm. All 25 patients resumed normal walking without the help of braces after an average of 12 months. This report suggests that microvascular fibula transfers provide superior results in the treatment of CPT, especially when considering that many of such cases represented previous surgical failures. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Distal adrenergic innervation remains normal after perivascular sympathectomy
Authors: Kaarela Outi I. , Raatikainen Timo K. , Junila Juhani A. , Waris Timo H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPerivascular sympathectomy, which has been used for vasospastic disorders of the hands, was examined in experimental models. Perivascular sympathectomy was performed on the central ear vessels and forepaw metacarpal vessels of the rabbit and on the common digital vessels in the monkey. The effects on adrenergic nerves were studied using a glyoxylic acid‐induced fluorescence method. Adrenergic nerves were removed only at the site of the perivascular sympathectomy and the distal adrenergic innervation appeared normal. Because the distal sympathetic nerves appeared normal after the operation, it should rather be called adventitectomy and we feel its clinical effects should be reevaluated. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of a temporary arteriovenous shunt to establish neovascularization in a musculocutaneous flap: An experimental study
Authors: Zhou Zhao Y. , Nichter Larry S. , West Brian R. , Navarrette Patricia M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractOn the dorsum of adult Sprague‐Dawley rats, 3 × 7 cm pedicle flaps were raised and a temporary arteriovenous shunt (AVS) from anastomosis of the tail artery and vein was placed beneath. Fourteen, 21 and 28 days later, the pedicle flaps were converted to island flaps leaving only the AVS attachment. The degree of subsequent flap viability was directly related to the amount of time before flap conversion. At 14, 21 and 28 day intervals, there was 33.4%, 73.5% and 98% flap viability, respectively. Long‐term AVS patency was found not to be required for flap survival. Normal hair growth, quantity and quality, occurred in only the 28 day delay group. Microangiography and histologic examination revealed extensive neovascularization from both the AVS artery and vein extending into the muscle, subcutaneous tissue and skin layers of each island flap.In summary, neovascularization of a large random pattern musculocutaneous island flap is possible using a temporary arteriovenous shunt. Flap survival is directly related to the length of time between AVS placement and cutaneous pedicle division, although long‐term AVS patency is not required for continued flap viability. Hair growth may directly reflect the degree of underlying neovascular maturation. This AVS neovascularization technique could be applied to create new donor sites for free tissue transfer. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Distal phalanx replantation
Authors: Chen Chien‐Tzung , Wei Fu‐Chan , Chen Hung‐Chi , Chuang Chwei‐Chin , Chen Hung‐Tang , Hsu Wen‐Ming 
Published: March 2007

AbstractMicrosurgical replantation has been attempted in the distal phalanx of the digits. Twenty‐three complete, single digit amputations are reviewed. The patients' ages ranged from 9 months to 48 years. Viability was 78%. Sensory recovery averaged 7 mm static two‐point discrimination. Range of motion in the distal interphalangeal joint of the finger and the interphalangeal joint of the thumb averaged 64 and 51 degrees, respectively. Eight of the 17 successfully replanted digits had mild to moderate atrophy. Eighty‐two percent of patients were able to use the replanted digit successfully in their daily work. We feel that distal digital replantation is rewarding. In successful cases, it always preserves acceptable function and good appearance at a price of an average of 2.3 months off work. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Use of revascularized periosteal allografts for repairing bony defects: An experimental study
Authors: Liu Jian Yin , Wang Dan , Cheng Hsu Hsi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis is an experimental study on the potential of revascularized periosteal allografts for repair of bony defects. Beijing long‐eared white rabbits were used as donors and immunologically incompatible Chinchilla rabbits were used as recipients. The periosteum was stripped off from the femurs of the 6 donor rabbits and transplanted to bony defects of 1.2 cm over the radius of the 12 recipients using microsurgical anastomoses of the blood vessels. In the control group of 8 rabbits the same radial bony defects were produced without the transplantation of periosteal grafts. Immunosuppressants were administered after surgery. The animals were observed for 4 months using a series of radiography, histomorphology, fluochrome labelling and electron microscopy. Results revealed no bony healing of the defects in the control group, but 9 of the 12 defects healed in the experimental group. The results indicated revascularized periosteal allografts were able to form new bone and heal the 1.2 cm radial bone defect in rabbits. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
“Mini paddle” for monitoring the fibular free flap in mandibular reconstruction
Authors: Qattan Mohammed M. Al , Boyd J. Brian 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe use of a “mini” skin paddle to monitor the fibular free flap for mandibular reconstruction is described. The paddle is easy to inset, can be excised later under local anesthesia, and yet is adequate for postoperative monitoring. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Invited review: Different conduits in peripheral nerve surgery
Authors: Brunelli G. A. , Vigasio A. , Brunelli G. R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA considerable amount of research is being undertaken regarding the possibility of bridging loss of nerve substance with different guiding tubes, in order to improve functional outcome, reduce the surgical time, and reduce damage at donor nerve sites. A review of the literature and personal research allows us to state that: for short gaps, biological tubes (autologous veins) may give good results and also allow chemotactic attraction with selective arrangements of motor and sensory axons. Gaps longer than 1 cm do not allow tropism and are associated with failure to support axonal regrowth. Artificial biodegradable conduits still show results that are controversial; they may give good results provided that the material of which they are made is perfectly tolerated. Empty tubes, longer than 8‐10 mm, besides being deprived of the chemotactic attraction, may collapse or be partially reabsorbed and replaced by scar. Probably in the near future biological or biodegradable tubes, containing lamininlike substances or muscle scaffold, will allow us to bridge increasingly large defects in nerves.
Experimental and clinical study of the effect of naftidrofuryl on the recovery from peripheral nerve lesions
Authors: Merle Michel , Gilbert Alain , Fredenucci Jean‐François , Petry Didier , Foliguet Bernard , Mosnier Michel 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAfter primary repair of lesions of nerves and vessels, patients who were administered a vasoactive drug, naftidrofuryl, postoperatively, had a better functional recovery than untreated patients. Evidence for the favourable effect of the drug on nerve regeneration was first obtained from experiments in the rat. The sciatic nerve was transected and repaired with standard microsurgical techniques. Results were evaluated by electromyography and histology. Data indicated that treated animals had better motor responses and distal latency than untreated rats. Fibre counts showed a greater number of nerve fibres in the distal stump of treated animals. The clinical study was undertaken in cases of carpal tunnel syndrome with muscle atrophy. Assessment was performed by electrophysiology: motor and sensory conduction was studied. Data showed that all treated patients recovered totally or partially from the thenar atrophy they presented before operation, whereas thenar atrophy persisted in 37% of the patients receiving placebo. In conclusion, naftidrofuryl has an experimentally and clinically favourable effect on nerve regeneration and on muscle trophicity, but the mechanism of action of this drug is not known.
Cold (0°C) ischaemic tolerance of latissimus dorsi free flaps in rats: A macroscopic and morphological study
Authors: Werker Paul M. N. , Kon Moshe , Green Colin J. , Fryer Patricia R. , Franken Ralph J. P. M. , Overgoor Max L. E. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to define the cold (0°C) ischaemic tolerance (CIT) of the latissimus dorsi free flap in inbred rats. Flaps were isolated, stored at 0°C for periods of time ranging from 0 to 120 hr and then revascularised and reperfused for 14 days. Thereafter the CIT was assessed macroscopically, and by light microscopy. Electron microscopy was performed in flaps after 0 and 24 hr of reperfusion following a cold ischaemic interval ranging from 0 to 120 hr. From this preliminary study, it was concluded that the CIT was 48‐72 hr.
Compression neuropathy of the common peroneal nerve caused by a ganglion
Authors: Evans J. D. , Neumann L. , Frostick Simon P. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA case of compression of the common peroneal nerve caused by a ganglion herniating from the superior tibio‐fibular joint is reported. MR imaging was partially helpful in making the diagnosis. The patient has made an almost complete recovery 3 months after excision of the lesion. Early diagnosis and treatment is required to ensure recovery.
Routine monitoring in patients with free tissue transfer by laser‐doppler flowmetry
Authors: Mailaender Peter , Machens Hans‐Guenther , Waurick Rene , Rieck Bernd , Berger Alfred 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe use of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) was tested in 108 consecutive patients, who underwent free tissue transfer at our institution between December, 1988, and June, 1990. Sixteen patients (14.8%) suffered vascular complications, which could be detected in all cases earlier by LDF than by clinical examination alone. LDF therefore prompted faster surgical intervention in these cases, allowing flap salvation in 9.3% (n = 10). Difficulties had to be noted in diagnosing venous thrombosis by means of the LDF due to sometimes unspecific alterations in LDF signals. Technical improvement of LDF might lead to a higher diagnostic accuracy if venous thrombosis occurs.
Reconstruction of intraoral mucosal defects with revascularized jejunal segments
Authors: Sheen Robert 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe intraoral mucosa subserves a multitude of structural and functional roles. This paper details the importance of this within the context of reconstruction. The various methods are reviewed historically. Also, both the experimental and clinical basis for using revascularized jejunum as mucosal reconstruction are presented. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of tarsal tunnel decompression in the streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rat
Authors: Dellon A. Lee , Dellon Evan S. , Seiler William A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rat has changes in the hind‐foot walking track pattern that are progressive over time. The present study investigated the effect of microsurgical neurolysis of the posterior tibial nerve and its branches in the tarsal tunnel on this pattern. The tarsal tunnel decompression was done at the time of onset of diabetes. The results of the study confirmed the progressive pattern of track abnormalities in this rat model, P < .05. The results demonstrated that rats in which the tarsal tunnel had been decompressed at the onset of their diabetes did not develop the characteristically abnormal diabetic walking track pattern. Rather, the track patterns of the decompressed tarsal tunnel diabetic rats were not significally different fron a nondiabetic control population. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ultrarapid orthotopic technique for renal transplantation in the rat
Authors: Lopez‐Neblina Fernando , Toledo‐Pereyra Luis H. , Suzuki Shohachi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAn effective and ultrarapid technique for kidney transplantation in the rat is introduced. In this manner, physiological and immunological parameters could be tested without difficulty in small animals such as the rat. Shorter periods of warm ischemia were achieved by rapid harvesting and anastomotic times using a combination of the sleeve technique for the artery, a cuff technique for the vein, and the over‐a‐stem technique for the ureter. In 20 rats, total vascular (artery and vein) anastomotic times were 5.35 ± 0.59 min, of which the artery was 4.30 ± 0.40 minutes and the vein was 1.05 ± 0.20 min. The ureter anastomotic time was 1.0 ± 0.1 min. The surgical complications were three ureteral stenoses. The 15 day survival was 100%. Plasma creatinine and histological findings at 24 and 30 days after transplantation were within normal limits with no evidence of ischemic damage. The advantage of this technique is its effectivity and simplicity that allows for reduced times of warm ischemia. This is the fastest technique published so far in the literature. We propose this technique to be employed in all studies of kidney transplantation and preservation in the rat. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Improved technique for rodent microarteriography
Authors: Moskovitz Martin J. , Kanner Barry J. , Zhang Ling , Siebert John W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe have developed new techniques in rodent microarteriography which provide excellent two‐plane views of the rat femoral artery. These techniques employ routine mammography film and equipment for imaging as well as standard intravenous catheters for vascular access. The use of mammographic equipment provides high quality, finely detailed, orthogonal X‐ray images. The elective outpatient nature of mammography allows microsurgical investigators convenient access to the necessary equipment without interfering with patient care. The standard intravenous catheters permit easy and inexpensive vascular access via the contralateral femoral artery. The technique avoids the more invasive thoracic and abdominal aortic approaches without compromising X‐ray image quality. Additionally, the same rat can be imaged multiple times if care is taken to repair the vascular access route. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.