bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electron Microscopic and Histochemical Studies on Vacuolar Alteration of Proximal Convoluted Tubules of Rat Kidney after Hypertonic Sucrose Administration
Authors: Hazama Senzo 
Published: December 2008

SummaryChanges of the proximal convoluted tubular epithelium of the rats which were sacrificed instantaneously at 5, 15, 30 minutes, 1, 3, 6, and 8 hours after intraperitoneal injections of 40 to 52 cc per kg of a 50 % aquenous solution of sucrose, were observed by electron microscopic and histochemical methods. The results obtained can be summarized as follows:

The vacuoles begin to appear 15 minutes after the injection in the apical portion of the tubular cytoplasm and become distinct in 30 minutes. After 6 hours, it is observed in the entire cytoplasm which is filled with large vacuoles.
The vacuoles originate from dilatation of simple pinocytotic vesicles which exist physiologically beneath the brush border microvilli. The small vacuoles of 1 to 1.5 microns in diameter reveal heavy acid phosphatase activity and have temporarily a character of so‐called lysosome or cytosome. With the enlargement of vacuoles, the surrounding single limiting membrane reveals discontinuity or rupture at numerous sites. At this stage, the vacuoles aggregate and fuse with each other to form larger ones of 4 to 4.5 microns in diameter and lose their acid phosphatase activity.
Vacuolar alteration of the proximal convoluted tubules and the role of lysosome and FCD are discussed.
Plastic Double Envelope for Preserving and Demonstrating Gross Specimens in Pathology
Authors: Mori Wataru 
Published: December 2008

SummaryA method is described for preserving and demonstrating the gross tissue slices‐under double cover: an inner polyethylene bag and an outer plastic card‐holder. This‐is actually a modification of the technique documented by E. Lieb, and this improvement saves the space for storage and gives durability against rough handling. The cost for preparation is quite low.
A STUDY BY POSTMORTEM CORONARY ARTERIOGRAPHY AND GIANT SECTIONS OF THE ENTIRE HEARF†
Authors: Nishiyama Yasukazu 
Published: December 2008

One hundred fifty‐four hearts were examined by postmortem coronary arteriography including ordinary and soft x‐ray exposure of the sliced hearts. Serial giant frozen sections of the entire heart were made to obtain the topographic view and quantitative observation of the ischemic lesions of the myocardium in connection with underlying changes of the coronary tree as well as electrocardiographic findings.Anatomical characterisitcs of the coronary arteries such as tortuousness and right angle ramification of the myocardial branches running toward cardiac lumen were demonstrated. Their endarteric nature at the level of functionally efficient terminal zone of the myocardial branches was pointed out and its important role in the development of ischemic lesions was discussed. The reason why the inner layers of the myocardial wall possesses much disadvantage of coronary circulation was clarified from the aspects of morphological findings and on some physiological considerations.The clinicopathological survey of the. cases indicated that the patients with hypertrophic hearts and coronary sclerosis are most vulnerable to the development of myocardial injury. The disadvantages of the hypertrophic state of the heart in the coronary circulation were emphasized.It was concluded that the myocardial injury is directly proportional to hypertrophy, hypertension, heart rate and coronary sclerosis. Based on the tension theories of the hypertrophic heart, the conclusion was theoretically confirmed to be reasonable. Myocardial injury index was suggested for practical use. ACTA PATH. JAP. 16:37‐54, 1966
AN AUTOPSY CASE OF SO‐CALLED “FLORID CIRRHOSIS” IN JAPAN†
Authors: Miyaji Hideki , Konya Hiroaki 
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of so‐called florid cirrhosis is firstly presented in Japan.Brief clinical records, major gross and microscopic findings are described. This peculiar type of hepatic disease was characterized by a history of alcoholism and malnutrition, severe hepatic degeneration and necrosis with Mallory bodies, diffuse but irregular proliferation of membraneous connective tissue and spotty fatty metamorphosis.A case at AFIP filed as typical “florid cirrhosis”, and 3 cases of diffuse “interstitial cirrhosis” in Mexico were carefully studied histologically to help for the diagnosis and analysis of the inducing process of this disease. ACTA PATH. JAP. 16:69‐78, 1966
THYMIC LYMPH FOLLICLES A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF 1,356 AUTOPSY CASES*
Authors: Okabe Haruo 
Published: December 2008

1) Eighteen cases with definite thymic lymph follicles were found among 1,356 autopsies. Eight of those were cases of Basedow's disease and the remaining 10 consisted of 2 cases of asthma syndrome one of which was associated with a type of allergic granulomatous angiitis, 1 case each of Wegener‐like granulomatosis, periarteritis nodosa, rheumatoid arthritis, aplstic anemia, chronic glomerulonephritis, acute yellow liver atrophy, Ekiri syndrome and purulent necrotizing tracheo‐bronchitis.2) No morphological differences were found between the thymic lymph follicles and lymph follicles in other organs. The folliculated thymus did not indicate any specific morphological features.3) Basically, in cases with thymic lymph follicles, the lymphatic tissue of other organs showed lymphatic follicular hypoplasia.4) Speculative explanation of the histogenesis and significance of thymic lymph follicle formation was attempted. ACTA PATH. JAP. 16:109‐130, 1966
EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC HEPATITIS: CORRELATION BETWEEN THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES AND LIVER FUNCTION
Authors: Hamamoto Yuji 
Published: December 2008

When the rabbits were sensitized intra‐venously against bovine red blood cells and a provocative injection of the same antigen was given by way of the portal vein or the hepatic artery, focal necrosis of the hepatic cells occurred in some instances and rather conspicuous periportal exudative process were seen in association with portal thrombosis and fibrinoid swelling of the hepatic arterial walls. Biochemical changes in the rabbit's sera indicated that the functional damages thus induced in the liver were slight.Similar but far more prominent changes were observed in the liver when anti‐rabbit blood cell guinea‐pig sera were introduced in the same way. Intravascular fibrin deposition was thought to be responsible for the development of the hepatic damages. The functional damages to the liver as reflected in the biochemical data of the rabbit's blood, were severer than in the first experiment and took a longer course until certain similarity with human liver cirrhosis became apparent.The findings may indicate that anaphylactic phenomena can play a role in the pathogenesis' hepatitis in human being.
ANNULO‐AORTIC ECTASIA
Authors: Hosoda Yasuhiro , Mikata Atsuo 
Published: December 2008

A case of annulo‐aortic ectasia was reported. The patient was a 44 year old Japanese female who expired shortly after the operative intervention against aortic aneurysm and aortic insufficiency. This is the first case of annulo‐aortic ectasia reported in Japan.Histological findings of the resected aneurysm revealed pronounced cystic medial necrosis. At autopsy, similar medial necrosis was found in the remaining aorta, pulmonary artery and some of the major branches of the aorta. The aortic valve cusps also showed myxomatous accumulation of acid mucopolysaccharides and hypoplasia of annular connective tissue. The aortic ring was dilated with evidence of regurgitation.Problems related to pathologic findings were discussed with special reference to a forme fruste manifestation of Marfan's syndrome. We believe cases, such as presented here, should not be considered as a forme fruste of Marfan's syndrome with the present knowledge of the disease, in spite of the morphologic similarity of lesions in our case with those described in classical Marfan's syndrome.
AN AUTOPSY CASE OF ACHONDROPLASIA IN ONE OF BINOVULAR TWINS OF DIFFERENT SEX
Authors: Morii Sotokichi , Takada Reiko , Kaneko Tadashi , Kaida Koichi 
Published: December 2008

An achondroplastic female newborn in one of binovular twins of different sexw as reported. The incidences of this peculiar dwarfism were also reported, which were based on the delivery records in our clinic for the recent 5 years and on the statistics of over 90,000 autopsy cases in Japan from 1958 to 1964.Neither apparent hereditary factor nor contributory clinical history of their parents was detected. The autopsy of the twins revealed that the female infant was a typical achondroplastic dwarf associated with pulmonary hypoplasia and hypoplasia of the endocrine organs, and that the male infant was a nonachondroplastic premature baby of 8 months gestation, who died of respiratory distress due to hyaline‐like membrane.Histochemical findings of the ground substance of the cartilages, fixed by different fixatives, of both cases were compared. After formalin fixation, in the abnormal cartilages of the achondroplastic acid mucopolysaccharide diminished distinctly. After ethanol fixation, however, much of the acid mucopolysaccharide was retained. The histochemical tests suggested that the intense reactions in the ethanol‐fixed materials would be due to the presence of chondroitin sulphuric acid A or C. Therefore, chondroitin sulphuric acid in the achondroplastic cartilage might not be bound with protein of the ground substance.
AN AUTOPSY CASE OF PRIMARY OSTEOMYELOSCLEROSIS IN A 6‐YEAR‐OLD GIRL
Authors: Nagai Kazunori , Sugiyama Yoshihiko , Isono Yuya , Yoshida Kosaku 
Published: December 2008

A case of a 6‐year‐old girl with primary osteomyelosclerosis was reported. Clinically she had general fatigue, anemia and hepato‐splenomegaly. The peripheral blood showed anemia with leuco‐erythroblastic picture, anisocytosis and tear‐drop poikilocytosis of the red cells, and marked thrombocytosis. Diagnosis of osteomyelosclerosis was established by biopsies of the liver and bone marrow which showed dry tap aspiration. The patient died 1 year and 2 months after the onset of symptoms.Autospy findings revealed marked flbrillosis, proliferation of all 3 hematopoietic systems and moderate new formation of bone in the bone marrow. Extramedullary hematopoiesis associated with flbrillosis was found in the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, thymus, adrenal glands, lungs and kidneys. There were multiple thrombi in the inferior vena cava, left renal vein, pulmonary vessels, both suprarenal arteries with infarcts in the adrenal glands. It is considered that osteomyelosclerosis is not a reactive or reparative process in nature but a systemic autonomous progressive blood disease. A possible relationship between abnormality of the thymus and primary osteomyelosclerosis was suggested.
THE ROLE OF ENDOTHELIAL CELLS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Authors: Iwanaga Yasuto , Tanimura Akira , Kitsukawa Hirohide , Tanigawa Junji , Aihara Manabu , Kawashima Taketsugu , Mae Atsuo , Nakashima Teruyuki 
Published: December 2008

Using mainly rabbits and rats investigations on the endothelial permeability of the aorta, on relation between thrombus formation and endothelial damage, and on tissue culture of the endothelial cells of the rabbit aorta have been carried out.The permeability of endothelial layer of rabbit aorta Increased by cholesterol‐feeding. This seems to be derived from morphological and functional disorder of the endothelial cells. As a hemodynamic effect of blood flow, increased permeability of the endothelium of rat aorta was also found in experimental renal hypertension.Accumulation of blood‐plasma components (edema) was seen in the subendothellal area in cholesterol‐fed rabbit aorta and in hypertensive rat aorta. Long‐standing subendothellal edema is considered to be the cause of fibrous intlmal thickening (Grade I lesion/Nakashlma).Endothelial defect of the aorta due to various damages is related to thrombus formation, and this seems to be accelerated by cholesterol feeding.Morphological differences between normal endothelium and that of atherosclerotic lesion in human and in rabbit aortas can be seen.Tissue culture of the endothelium was performed in vivo and in vitro, and some discussions were made on the characteristics of cultured endothelial cells.
HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF MUSCULAR CHANGES IN PROGRESSIVE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY
Authors: Hizawa Kazuo , Nagamine Nobuo , Yoshimura Satohisa , Katsuse Retsu , Kishino Yasuo 
Published: December 2008

Changes of skeletal muscle of 28 patients with progressive muscular dystrophy were studied light microscopically. Slowly progressive muscular atrophy with various forms of degeneration and more acute necrosis with incomplete regeneration were the principal changes. Fatty tissue infiltration and fibrosis of the interstitial tissue seemed to occur relatively late in the course of the disease. Incidence of necrosis and regeneration of muscle fibers are significantly higher in the Duchenne‐type dystrophy and in an early stage, thus giving some quantitative difference concerning the genetic clinical types and duration of the disease, though no definite specific change is found for each type of muscular dystrophy.Significance of these changes are discussed from a morphological standpoint and under consideration of biological speciality of muscle fiber. Regenerative substitution of necrotic muscle fiber performed by survived nuclei of the necrotic fiber itself in close association of myophago‐cytosis appeared to be a peculiar process exhibited by skeletal muscle as a syncytial cell.
TWO AUTOPSY CASES OF RENAL HYPERTENSION WITH HYDRONEPHROTIC PYELONEPHRITIS DUE TO FIBROUS RETROPERITONITIS
Authors: Tanaka Ryozo , Tashiro Takao , Kitamura Shiro 
Published: December 2008

Two autopsy cases of renal hypertension with hydronephrotic pyelonephritis due to fibrous retroperitonitis are reported.The first case suffered from continuous hypertension, inspite of nephrectomy of the left kidney which was conspicuously atrophic and showed marked hydroureter due to proliferative endoarteritis of the left renal artery and retroperitoneal fibrosis. On autopsy, there was compensatory hypertrophy of the right kidney with partial cicatrical contraction due to obstructive endoarteritis of the lower branch of the right renal artery. The retroperitoneal fibrosis extended from the pericystic area to the upper abdomen.The second case had two remarkable changes, one of which was atrophy of the right kidney due to proliferative endoarteritis of the stem of the right renal artery and another was bilateral hydronephrotic pyelonephritis owing to retroperitoneal fibrosis.Moreover, systemic proliferative vasculitis were found in both cases.The relationship of these lesions was discussed.
PRIMARY EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA OF THE ANTERIOR MEDIASTINUM
Authors: Hirokawa Katsuiku 
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of embryonal carcinoma in the anterior mediastinum developing in a 49‐year‐old male is reported. The tumor showed a great variety of histological patterns, all of which can be regarded as tumor of germ cell origin. Wide‐spread hematogenous metastasis was found especially in the right lung. Specific histological features of Teilum's endodermal sinus tumors may enable their proper identification from thymoma or other types of neoplasm in the mediastinum.The histogenesis of extragonadal germ cell tumors was also discussed. ACTA PATH. JAP. 19: 409˜418, 1969.
INCREASE OF COLONY FORMING CELLS IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD BY HISTAMINE INJECTION
Authors: SEKI Masatoshi 
Published: December 2008

For the purpose to study the humoral control of defensive responses, kinetics of colony forming cells (GFC) In peripheral blood of histamine ‐injected mice was assayed by modification of McCulloch and Till's method, with usual hematological examinations. Effects of histamine on adrenalectomized mice and hydrocortisone injection into intact animals were also examined in the same manner. In conventional mice, histamine caused marked leukopenia and a rise of hematocrit value by 15 minutes after the injection, the latter of which was restored within 30 minutes. On the other hand, high hematocrit value continued for more than 1 hour in adrenalectomized mice.Histamine administration into conventional mice caused a temporary increase of peripheral CFC by 1–3 hours after the injection, accompanied by granulocytosis. Afterwards, CFG count reverted to control level. In adrenalectomized mice, count of peripheral CFG was about two times of that of control. Histamine administration into adrenalectomized mice caused remarkable increase of peripheral CFC by 3 hours after the injection. On the contrary, hydrocortisone decreased peripheral CFC count distinctly. ACTA PATH. JAP. 20: 141 ‐ 152, 1970.
ÜBER DIE IDIOPATHISCHE KARDIOMYOPATHIE – PATHOLOGISCHE UNTERSUCHUNG VON 16 FÄLLEN –
Authors: IMAI Miki , TAKEISHI Makoto , HIEAYAMA Akira , TOYODA Chisato , KOYAMA Kazuko , MITKAI Miwako , ASAHI Mitsuhisa 
Published: December 2008

The present study consists of 16 cases of idiopathic cardiomyopathy ranging between 7 to 68 years of age. All cases demonstrated moderate degree of dilatatory hypertrophy of both ventricles with some having mural thrombosis. Over‐all distribution of scar and degeneration of heart muscle cells was considered to be the characteristic features of idiopathic cardiomyopathy. A variety of transitional changes between myocardial degeneration and collagenous scars were found in the younger age group, and fall‐off of myocardium was interpreted to result in scar formation. Hypertrophy of heart muscle cells is a compensatory phenomenon following partial fall‐off of muscle cells. Vacuolar changes, deposition of waxlike substance and bizarre nuclei found in the hypertrophic muscle cells are in general not characteristic for this condition.One must be careful in differentiating idiopathic cardiomyopathy and mitral insufficiency having multiple scars and of rheumatic nature from both clinical and pathologic standpoints.Endocardial fibroelastosis should not be included in the entity of idiopathic cardiomyopathy, since the role played by the myocardium in the pathologic process is much less in endocardial fibroelastosis. ACTA PATH. JAP. 20: 153–169, 1970.
TWO AUTOPSY CASES OF REYE'S SYNDROME
Authors: MOTOI Makoto , KOBAYASHI Shoji , OGAWA Katsuo , MURAKAMI Motomasa , AOYAMA Koji , YODA Tadao 
Published: December 2008

Autopsies were carried out on a ten‐month old male and another 7‐year‐old boy who died within a few days after showing slight upper respiratory infection as a prodromal symptom, followed by vomiting, disturbances of consciousness and high fever. Both of these cases showed high transaminase levels, accompanied by low blood sugar, and patho‐anatomically, they had marked fatty degeneration of the liver and kidneys, and remarkable edema of the brain. The lung showed a slight inflammation of the interstitiums. Only mild inflammation was found in the intestines.These clinical and pathological findings coincide with the conception of Reye's syndrome, and some discussions have been made about the differentiation between Reye's syndrome and those closely resembling this syndrome. ACTA PATH. JAP. 20: 251–259, 1970.
IMMUNOLOGICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THE PROLONGED ADMINISTRATION OF γG FRACTION OF ANTILYMPHOCYTE SERUM
Authors: Ochiai Takenori 
Published: December 2008

Rabbits were treated with the prolonged administration of γG fraction of goat anti‐rabbit lymphocyte serum (ALγG) over 180 days. The effect of ALγG on various kinds of immune responses was examined at different stages of the experiment.The antibody against ALγG appeared at an early stage. Especially the formation of γM antibody was rather enhanced as compared to the control animals which received normal goat γG (NγG). The antibody titer increased, and then maintained its level through the course of experiment. However, a slight decline of the titer was noted in the last stage. The Immune responses against sheep red blood cells, bovine serum albumin and skin homograft were greatly suppressed by the short‐term treatment of ALγG. On the other hand, no suppression of the immune responses was demonstrated in the group treated with ALγG for 180 days as compared with the control group.The results indicate that ALγG used is effective to suppress the immune responses in the short‐term treatment, but it is probably neutralized by the antibody and causes no further immunosuppression. In addition, it has also been confirmed that an exhaustion of the lymphoid tissues accompanying occasional amyloidosis might be induced by the long‐term administration of ALγG.
INVOLVEMENT OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN HAND‐SCHÜLLER‐CHRISTIAN DISEASE REPORT OF A CASE AND DISCUSSION ON THE ENTITY OF THE DISEASE–
Authors: Yamaguchi Kazuyoshi , Yokoyama Takeshi , Morimatsu Mitsunori 
Published: December 2008

A case of Hand‐Schüller‐Christian disease with involvement of the central nervous system is reported. In addition to the visceral and bone lesions, the central nervous system were involved by granulomatous lesions with prominent astrocytic reaction and only few deposits of doubly retractile material in the form of foam cells.Literatures of the reported cases of Hand‐Schüller‐Chrlstian disease with Involvement of central nervous system are reviewed.Hand‐Schüller‐Christian disease is characterized by granulomatous lesion of the peripheral loose connective tissue of the organs where the lesions originate from the adventitial tissue. The major reticuloendothelial system organs such as the liver, spleen and lymph nodes are essentially spared. Deposition of cholesterol ester may be a secondary phenomenon. Hand‐Schüller‐Christian disease should be appreciated as a separate disease entity because of its particular pathomorphology.
REGIONAL ENTERITIS OF THE CECUM—A CLINICO‐PATHOLOGICAL STUDY—
Authors: AKAGI Tadaatsu , NIKKAKU Toshisuke , MOTOI Makoto , OGAWA Katsuo 
Published: December 2008

A review of surgically resected materials of granulomatous or ulcerative entero‐colitis revealed 14 cases of regional enteritis primarily affecting the cecum (RE‐G), 11 cases of regional ileitis with cecal involvement, 10 cases of regional ileitis confined to the small intestine, 3 cases of regional enteritis of the large Intestine other than the cecum, 4 cases of perityphlitlc abscess or chronic perityphlitis, 2 cases of fibroplastic appendicitis, 11 cases of ulcerative colitis and 10 cases of Intestinal tuberculosis.Clinical and pathological surveys were mainly focussed on RE‐G, comparing with regional Ileitis, intestinal tuberculosis and ulcerative colitis. The incidence of RE‐G was very high in contrast to that found in the literatures. The frequent clinical findings in RE‐G were abdominal pain, abdominal mass, elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and previous appendectomy. The macroscopic findings were characterized by segmental distribution, marked thickening of bowel wall, narrowing of the lumen, Assuring and cobblestoning.Microscopic findings of RE‐G were similar to regional Ileitis and were characterized by Assuring, abscess, lymphoid aggregates with lymph follicle formation and full‐wall inflammation. Noncaseating tubercles were diagnostic, but not common.