bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Area-Creep Measurements for Crystalline Monolayer of Stearic Acid on the Water Surface
Authors: Kuri Taishi , Oishi Yushi , Kajiyama Tisato 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The area-creep mechanism for the crystalline monolayer of stearic acid on the water surface was discussed on the basis of area-creep measurements and transmission electron microscopic observations. The area-creep behaviors of the crystalline monolayer at a high surface pressure region (≥ 15 mN m−1) was apparently different from those at a low one (≤ 10 mN m−1). At a high surface pressure region, the area-creep behavior of the monolayer was mainly classified into the two processes in shorter and longer creep time regions with respect to around 1 × 102 s. The area strain in a short creep time region was small and increased linearly with the creep time, that might be attributed to rearrangement of molecules in the crystalline monolayer during the area-creep (molecular creep). On the other hand, the area strain in a long creep time region increased remarkably owing to collapse of the monolayer (geometrical aggregation creep). Also at a low surface pressure region, the area strain was small and became almost constant at around 1 × 104 s after the area-creep experiment started. In the case of the area-creep of the crystalline monolayer at a low surface pressure, rearrangement of molecules in the crystalline monolayer and/or filling in vacancies of molecular level in the interfacial regions among the crystalline monolayer domains were proceeded with a creep time, and then, the crystallographical regularity in the monolayer was increased owing to molecular rearrangement and/or sintering at an interfacial region among crystalline monolayer domains (molecular creep).
Mesophase Structures of Higher Alkanoyl Derivatives of 6,6′-Diamino-2,2′-bipyridine and Their Metal Complexes
Authors: Kuboki Takashi , Araki Koji , Yamada Masaki , Shiraishi Shinsaku 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
New Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Pd(II) complexes of higher alkanoyl derivatives of 6,6′-diamino-2,2′-bipyridine were synthesized and their mesogenic properties were investigated. The Cu(II) complexes appear to exhibit a smectic C structure in their mesophase state.
A Theoretical Study on the Electronic and Vibrational Structure of the Phenoxyl Radical
Authors: Takahashi Junko , Momose Takamasa , Shida Tadamasa 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electronic structures of the phenoxyl radical in the electronic ground and excited states are studied by ab initio MO calculations. The geometries are optimized by the CAS-MCSCF procedure with the Huzinaga–Dunning DZV basis set. The electronic excitation energies and transition dipole moments are calculated by the CI procedure. According to the result of the calculation the observed absorption bands at about 600, 400, and 300 nm are assigned as , respectively. In order to analyze the vibrational character of the absorption band at about 400 nm the force constants, the potential energy distributions, the normal modes, and the Franck–Condon integrals are calculated for the three states, . The force constants are scaled by referring to the experimental resonance Raman, Trapped Ion Photodissociation (TIP), and the matrix-isolated electronic absorption spectra. The strongest vibrational band of the TIP and the absorption spectra is assigned to the 0–0 band of the transition and the second strongest, at a higher energy of 1110 cm−1, to the 0–0 band of the transition. The theoretical vibronic absorption and Raman spectra are reproduced and compared favorably with the experimental spectra.
Determination of the Magnetic Susceptibilities of Liquids Dissolving Oxygen by the Viscometer Method and a New-Type Linear Law of Susceptibility
Authors: Sueoka Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The magnetic susceptibilities of a number of liquids dissolving oxygen have been determined by an improved viscometer method at 298.15 K and 105.3 kPa; it has been confirmed that they are nicely expressed using the Wiedemann’s additivity law, and it is found that they are perfectly linear with the volume fraction of oxygen in the atmosphere in contact with liquids: a new-type law of susceptibility. It is shown that the effects of dissolved air are not canceled out unless the susceptibility of an oxygen-free liquid is used as the reference value, even when the solubilities of oxygen in the sample and the reference liquids are equal, causing a real error to an extent as much as 1.7%.
Microstructure and Optical Absorption Spectra of Transparent Glass-Ceramics Containing LiGa5O8:Co2+
Authors: Ishihara Tsuguo , Tanaka Katsuhisa , Hirao Kazuyuki , Soga Naohiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Transparent glass-ceramics containing LiGa5O8:Co2+ have been prepared by heat treatment of glass with a composition of 13Li2O·23Ga2O3·64SiO2·xCoO (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0) (mol%). The microstructure and the optical properties have been examined by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and optical absorption measurements. XRD analyses indicated that LiGa5O8 microcrystals with a crystallite size of 5 to 10 nm precipitated in the specimens heat-treated at temperatures between 750 and 850 °C. Above 850 °C, LiGaSi2O6 crystals also precipitated. Heat treatment below 850 °C successfully yielded transparent glass-ceramics. The optical absorption spectra at room temperature indicated that the absorption band due to the 4A2 → 4T1(P) transition of Co2+ ions in tetrahedral sites showed three peaks (520, 586 and 686 nm) for the glass and three peaks (560, 597, and 646 nm) for the glass-ceramics. This difference in the spectra suggests that some Co2+ ions replaced the Ga3+ ions in tetrahedral sites of the LiGa5O8 microcrystals.
Design of High-Performance Heterogeneous Metal Catalysts for Green and Sustainable Chemistry
Authors: Kaneda Kiyotomi , Ebitani Kohki , Mizugaki Tomoo , Mori Kohsuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
This account reviews a novel approach to designing high-performance heterogeneous metal catalysts using hydroxyapatites, montmorillonites, and hydrotalcites as macroligands of active metal species for aerobic alcohol oxidations, carbon–carbon bond formations, and one-pot syntheses. The catalytic systems using the above heterogeneous catalysts offer significant benefits in achieving environmentally friendly organic syntheses aiming towards Green and Sustainable Chemistry. Furthermore, the present preparation method for the immobilization of metal species is strikingly simple and allows a strong protocol for creating various nanostructured and functionalized heterogeneous catalysts.
Wear Scar Prediction Based on Wear Simulator Input Data—A Preliminary Artificial Neural Network Approach
Authors: Orozco D , Schwenke T , Wimmer MA 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A significant difference in wear scar formation between tested and retrieved knee implants of the same type has been reported. In this study, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model has been designed with the aim to gain knowledge of relationships between simulator input parameters and generated wear scars. One hundred twenty-four short-term tests were conducted with four implants of a single design using a four-station knee simulator in load control mode. Data points of the wear scar boundaries were transferred into bitmap images for computer analysis. Eighty percent of these discretized wear scars formed the output training set for a back-propagation neural network. The input training set was selected from the related simulator input motion and load parameters. The remainder of the testing matrix was used for network cross-validation and testing. Training resulted in 82.9% accuracy of the input-to-output relationship and 69.3% predictive capability. The predictive capabilities of the network may be further enhanced by utilizing a modification of the learning algorithm.
Effect of Aggregate Particle Size on Determining Alkali-Silica Reactivity by Accelerated Tests
Authors: Lu D , Fournier B , Grattan-Bellew P 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
For assessing the rock applicability of accelerated tests for alkali-aggregate reactivity and the effect of aggregate particle size on determining alkali reactivity of concrete aggregates in accelerated tests, experimental studies on microstructure and expansion behaviors of Potsdam sandstone and a Norwegian quartzite were conducted in Concrete Prism Test and in various accelerated tests, i.e., Accelerated Mortar Bar Test, Chinese Autoclave Method, and Chinese Accelerated Mortar Bar Test. Results indicate that, in comparison with Concrete Prism Test results, the alkali expansivity of both rocks are generally underestimated in these accelerated tests. It is mainly attributed to the use of a large proportion of very fine aggregate particles in which the original microtexture characteristic of rocks was lost during sample preparation. The effects of microtexture and the particle size of aggregate on reasonable prediction of alkali expansivity of aggregates in concrete by accelerated tests were discussed.
Precision Neutron Total Cross-Sectional Measurements for Natural Carbon at Reactor Neutron-Filtered Beams
Authors: Gritzay O , Kolotyi V , Klimova N , Kaltchenko O , Gnidak M , Vorona P 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
An experimental investigation of the total neutron cross section for natural carbon was made at Kyiv Research Reactor using neutron-filtered beams with energies 24, 59, and 148 keV. The intense neutron beams formed by composite neutron filters at reactor horizontal channels) had fluxes of about 106 to 107 neutron/cm2 s at the fixed neutron energies, which enabled us to measure the neutron cross sections with accuracy better than 1%. Transmission method was used in these measurements. The results of the measurements are presented together with the analysis of the known previous experimental data and the evaluated nuclear data from ENDF libraries. Sample thickness dependence of the observed neutron cross section, measured at the 148-keV filter, has been detected which hypothetically may be connected with existence of a very strong resonance in the 13C neutron cross section in the energy range 119 to 157 keV.
Phenotypic Diversity of Lake Trout in Great Slave Lake: Differences in Morphology, Buoyancy, and Habitat Depth
Authors: Zimmerman Mara S. , Krueger Charles C. , Eshenroder Randy L. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractLittle is known about the phenotypic diversity of lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in large North American lakes outside the Laurentian Great Lakes. This study tested the hypothesis that phenotypic diversity in Great Slave Lake, Northwest Territories, Canada, is associated with water depth, as was observed during similar studies of lake trout in Lake Superior. We describe the association of body size with color, buoyancy, and morphology; compare these phenotypic traits among depth strata; and establish whether lake trout phenotypes occur as discrete groups. Phenotypic diversity increased among fish longer than 43 cm standard length. In water less than 50 m deep, large lake trout (≥43 cm) were light in color, buoyantly heavy, and streamlined and possessed short pectoral fins. In water deeper than 50 m, large lake trout were dark in color, buoyantly light, and deep bodied (less streamlined) and had long pectoral fins. Without assigning descriptions to individuals before the analysis, we identified two phenotypic groups. These groups represented nondiscrete phenotypes; lake trout of intermediate shape had intermediate fin lengths, capture depths, and buoyancies. The phenotypic patterns observed in Great Slave Lake were similar to the lean and siscowet forms that currently exist in Lake Superior. Deepwater forms, previously believed to be endemic to the Great Lakes, are more geographically widespread and may represent diversity typical of this species in large, deep lakes. We suggest that the lake trout phenotype associated with deep water (buoyantly light, long pectoral fins) is adaptive for daily vertical migrations.
The heterogeneity of ion channels in chromaffin granule membranes
Authors: Hordejuk Renata , Szewczyk Adam , Dołowy Krzysztof 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChromaffin granules are involved in catecholamine synthesis and traffic in the adrenal glands. The transporting membrane proteins of chromaffin granules play an important role in the ion homeostasis of these organelles. In this study, we characterized components of the electrogenic 86Rb+ flux observed in isolated chromaffin granules. In order to study single channel activity, chromaffin granules from the bovine adrenal medulla were incorporated into planar lipid bilayers. Four types of cationic channel were found, each with a different conductance. The unitary conductances of the potassium channels are 360 ± 10 pS, 220 ± 8 pS, 152 ± 8 pS and 13 ± 3 pS in a gradient of 450/150 mM KCl, pH 7.0. A multiconductance potassium channel with a conductivity of 110 ± 8 pS and 31 ± 4 pS was also found. With the exception of the 13 pS conductance channel, all are activated by depolarizing voltages. One type of chloride channel was also found. It has a unitary conductance of about 250 pS in a gradient of 500/150 mM KCl, pH 7.0.
A comparison of the in vitro antimicrobial activity of liposomes containing meropenem and gentamicin
Authors: Drulis-Kawa Zuzanna , Gubernator Jerzy , Dorotkiewicz-Jach Agata , Doroszkiewicz Włodzimierz , Kozubek Arkadiusz 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe antimicrobial activity of eight cationic, two neutral and three anionic liposome compositions containing meropenem and gentamicin was tested in vitro in broth and serum medium. The cationic formulations showed better antibacterial efficacy against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria than the anionic and neutral ones, regardless of the encapsulated drug. The most effective formulations were the cationic PC/DOPE/DOTAP 3:4:3 and PC/Chol/DOTAP 3:4:3, as the MICs with meropenem were 2 to 4 times lower than those of the free drug.
The effect of auxins (IAA and 4-Cl-IAA) on the redox activity and medium pH of Zea mays L. root segments
Authors: Lekacz Halina , Karcz Waldemar 
Published: July 2006

AbstractIndole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid (4-Cl-IAA) were tested at different concentrations and times for their capacity to change the redox activity and medium pH of maize root segments. The dose-response surfaces (dose-response curves as a function of time) plotted for redox activity and changes in medium pH (expressed as ΔpH) had a similar shape for both auxins, but differed significantly at the optimal concentrations. With 4-Cl-IAA, the maximal values of redox activity and medium pH changes were observed at 10−10 M, which was a 100-fold lower concentration than with IAA. Correlations were observed between redox activity and medium pH changes at the optimal concentrations of both IAA and 4-Cl-IAA. The results are discussed herein, taking into account both the concentration of the auxins and the effects produced by them.
Sweet's syndrome in chronic lymphocytic leukemia associated with neutropenic fever and granulocyte colony stimulation factor
Authors: Thompson Michael A. , Dyson Senait W. , Faderl Stefan 
Published: July 2006

AbstractGranulocyte colony stimulation factor (G‐CSF) is commonly used in the treatment of chemotherapy‐induced myelosuppression. We report the case of a 62‐year‐old man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who presented with neutropenic fever and sepsis. After treatment with G‐CSF he developed Sweet's syndrome. Sweet's syndrome is a rare disorder but has been associated with cancer recurrence as well as administration of G‐CSF. We present clinical and pathologic images that highlight the salient features of this entity. Am. J. Hematol., 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Thymoma followed by paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: A unique clinical association in the context of multiorgan autoimmunity with a potential role for CD8+ T lymphocytes
Authors: Palmieri Giovannella , Selleri Carmine , Montella Liliana , Bulgarelli Goffredo , Vitiello Laura , Merkabaoui Ghassan , Ricci Patrizia , Del Vecchio Luigi , Masci Annamaria , Racioppi Luigi , Rotoli Bruno 
Published: July 2006

AbstractSeven years after a surgically resected thymoma, a female patient affected by myasthenia gravis and Good's syndrome presented with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). Co‐culture experiments and spectratyping analyses indicated that CD8+ lymphocytes were involved in damaging hematopoietic precursors. While PNH clones have been identified in various hematological disorders, the sequential association of thymoma and PNH has been unreported so far. Am. J. Hematol., 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome: Review of the phenotype
Authors: Hennekam Raoul C.M. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractHutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare but well known entity characterized by extreme short stature, low body weight, early loss of hair, lipodystrophy, scleroderma, decreased joint mobility, osteolysis, and facial features that resemble aged persons. Cardiovascular compromise leads to early demise. Cognitive development is normal. Data on 10 of our own cases and 132 cases from literature are presented. The incidence in the last century in the Netherlands was 1:4,000,000. Sex ratio was 1.2:1. Main first symptoms were failure to thrive (55%), hair loss (40%), skin problems (28%), and lipodystrophy (20%). Mean age at diagnosis was 2.9 years. Growth in weight was more disturbed than growth in height, and growth delay started already prenatally. Mean height > 13 years was 109.0 cm, mean weight was 14.5 kg. Osteolysis was wide‐spread but not expressed, except in the viscerocranium, and remained limited to membranous formed bone. Lipodystrophy is generalized, only intra‐abdominal fat depositions remain present. Cardiovascular problems are extremely variable, both in age of onset and nature. Stroke and coronary dysfunctioning are most frequent. Pathologic findings in coronaries and aorta resemble sometimes the findings in elderly persons, but can also be much more limited. Loss of smooth muscle cells seems the most important finding. Mean age of demise was 12.6 years. Patients can be subdivided in patients with classical HGPS, which follows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, (almost) all cases representing spontaneous mutations, and in non‐classical progeria, in whom growth can be less retarded, scalp hair remains present for a longer time, lipodystrophy is more slowly progressive, osteolysis is more expressed except in the face, and survival well into adulthood is not uncommon. Pattern of inheritance of non‐classical progeria is most probably autosomal recessive. The cause of HGPS is an abnormally formed Lamin A, either directly by a mutated LMNA gene, or through abnormal posttranslational processing (ZMPSTE24 gene mutations). Of 34 LMNA mutations found in progeria patients, there were 26 classical p.G608G mutations (76%). Pathogenesis is most likely to follow several different pathways. Potential therapeutic strategies are developed along these lines and include RNA interference techniques and inhibition of the dominant‐negative influence of abnormally formed Lamin A on polymerization with normally formed Lamin A. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cantu syndrome in a woman and her two daughters: Further confirmation of autosomal dominant inheritance and review of the cardiac manifestations
Authors: Grange Dorothy K. , Lorch Steven M. , Cole Patricia L. , Singh Gautam K. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractCantu syndrome, or hypertrichosis‐osteodysplasia‐cardiomegaly syndrome, is a rare disorder of unknown etiology, associated with hypertrichosis, characteristic facial features, skeletal abnormalities, cardiomegaly, and occasional pericardial effusions. Although autosomal recessive inheritance was originally proposed, a man with three affected children has been reported, making autosomal dominant inheritance likely. We report on a woman and her two daughters with Cantu syndrome, further confirming dominant inheritance. All three of our patients have cardiac involvement, and symptomatic pericardial effusions requiring surgical intervention occurred in the mother and one of her daughters. Chromosome microarray analysis was normal in one of the girls. The etiology of the cardiomegaly and pericardial effusions in Cantu syndrome is unknown. We review all previously reported cases of Cantu syndrome and the associated cardiac manifestations. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Extensive acrochordons and pancreatic islet‐cell tumors in tuberous sclerosis associated with TSC2 mutations
Authors: Merritt J. Lawrence , Davis Dawn Marie R. , Pittelkow Mark R. , Babovic‐Vuksanovic Dusica 
Published: July 2006

AbstractAcrochordons are frequently encountered benign skin lesions that may occasionally represent underlying pathology. Pancreatic islet‐cell tumors are rare neoplasms and few cases have been described in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). A 39‐year‐old man presenting in acute renal failure was referred to us for further diagnostic evaluation of coincidentally noted dysmorphic features. Physical examination revealed over 1,000 acrochordons in addition to findings meeting criteria for TSC. The diagnosis was confirmed by disclosure of mutation in the TSC2 gene. Further evaluation revealed pancreatic islet cell tumors. Acrochordons are a common skin lesion, but when presenting in an atypical manner or unusual number may be a sign of TSC and underlying occult pathology thereby warranting evaluation of TSC2. Additionally, mutations in TSC2 gene may be a risk factor for developing pancreatic islet‐cell tumors. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The genetic basis of tooth development and dental defects
Authors: Thesleff Irma 
Published: July 2006

AbstractMore than 300 genes have so far been associated with tooth development, mainly in mouse embryos. The majority of them are associated with conserved signaling pathways mediating cellular communication, in particular between epithelial and mesenchymal tissues. Necessary functions of many signals, receptors and transcription factors have been demonstrated in mice, and mutations causing dental defects in humans have been identified in several genes. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evidence for an additional locus for split hand/foot malformation in chromosome region 8q21.11–q22.3
Authors: Gurnett Christina A. , Dobbs Matthew B. , Nordsieck Eric J. , Keppel Cassie , Goldfarb Charles A. , Morcuende Jose A. , Bowcock Anne M. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractWe identified a family where five members had nonsyndromic ectrodactyly. There were three known instances of nonpenetrance. Although four individuals had unilateral cleft hand, one individual had more severe, bilateral and asymmetric absence of the digits. None had foot abnormalities. After exclusion of linkage of SHFM in this family to five known loci, a genome wide scan was performed with DNA from 5 affected and 15 unaffected members of this family. Suggestive evidence for linkage of ectrodactyly to 8q was obtained on the basis of a maximum LOD score of 2.54 at theta (max) = 0 with GAAT1A4. Critical recombinants place the ectrodactyly gene in this family in a 16 cM (21 Mb) interval between D8S1143 and D8S556. Mutational analysis of two candidate genes (FZD6, GDF6) did not identify any mutations in affected members of this family. Our data indicate further genetic heterogeneity for ectrodactyly and suggest the presence of an additional SHFM locus in chromosome region 8q21.11–q22.3. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.