bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Event-based nonfragile state estimation for memristive recurrent neural networks with stochastic cyber-attacks and sensor saturations
Authors: Shao 邵 Xiao-Guang 晓光 , Zhang 张 Jie 捷 , Lu 鲁 Yan-Juan 延娟 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper addresses the issue of nonfragile state estimation for memristive recurrent neural networks with proportional delay and sensor saturations. In practical engineering, numerous unnecessary signals are transmitted to the estimator through the networks, which increases the burden of communication bandwidth. A dynamic event-triggered mechanism, instead of a static event-triggered mechanism, is employed to select useful data. By constructing a meaningful Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, a delay-dependent criterion is derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities for ensuring the global asymptotic stability of the augmented system. In the end, two numerical simulations are employed to illustrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed theoretical results.
Density of excess modes below the first phonon mode in four-dimensional glasses
Authors: Wang 王 Lijin 利近 , Xu 胥 Ding 鼎 , Zhang 张 Shiyun 世允 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Glasses are known to possess low-frequency excess modes beyond the Debye prediction. For decades, it has been assumed that evolution of low-frequency density of excess modes D(ω) with frequency ω follows a power-law scaling: D(ω) ∼ ωγ
. However, it remains debated on the value of γ at low frequencies below the first phonon-like mode in finite-size glasses. Early simulation studies reported γ = 4 at low frequencies in two- (2D), three- (3D), and four-dimensional (4D) glasses, whereas recent observations in 2D and 3D glasses suggested γ = 3.5 in a lower-frequency regime. It is uncertain whether the low-frequency scaling of D(ω) ∼ ω
3.5 could be generalized to 4D glasses. Here, we conduct numerical simulation studies of excess modes at frequencies below the first phonon-like mode in 4D model glasses. It is found that the system size dependence of D(ω) below the first phonon-like mode varies with spatial dimensions: D(ω) increases in 2D glasses but decreases in 3D and 4D glasses as the system size increases. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the ω
3.5 scaling, rather than the ω
4 scaling, works in the lowest-frequency regime accessed in 4D glasses, regardless of interaction potentials and system sizes examined. Therefore, our findings in 4D glasses, combined with previous results in 2D and 3D glasses, suggest a common low-frequency scaling of D(ω) ∼ ω
3.5 below the first phonon-like mode across different spatial dimensions, which would inspire further theoretical studies.
Dynamically enhanced Autler–Townes splitting by orthogonal XUV fields
Authors: Wu 吴 Li-Long 立龙 , Jiang 姜 Wei-Chao 维超 , Peng 彭 Liang-You 良友 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Based on numerical solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, we theoretically investigate the photoelectron spectrum of hydrogen atoms ionized by a pair of ultrashort, intense, and orthogonally polarized laser pulses with a relative time delay in a pump–probe configuration. The pump pulse resonantly excites electrons from the 1s and 2p levels, inducing Rabi oscillations. The resulting dynamically enhanced Autler–Townes (AT) splitting is observed in the photoelectron energy spectrum upon interaction with the second probe pulse. In contrast to the previous parallel-polarization scheme, the proposed orthogonal-polarization configuration enables the resolution of dynamically enhanced AT splitting over a considerably wider range of probe photon energies.
Search for an exotic vectorlike X-quark in same-sign dilepton final states at the future 3 TeV CLIC*
Authors: Zhang 张 Yan-Ju 艳菊 , Chang 常 Jin-Long 金龙 , Liu 刘 Tai-Gang 太刚 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Vectorlike quarks (VLQs) with masses at the TeV-scale have been predicted in many new physics scenarios beyond the Standard Model (SM). Based on a simplified

doublet model including the exotic vectorlike X quark (VLQ-X) with an electric charge

, we study the production of the VLQ-X decaying into

at the future Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) with

TeV including the initial state radiation and beamstrahlung effects. We focus on the final signals, including same-sign dileptons (electrons or muons), at least one b-tagged jet, and large missing transverse momentum. By performing detailed signal-to-background analyses and detector simulations, we obtain the

exclusion capabilities and

discovery reaches, respectively, on the mass of the VLQ-X

as well as the relevant parameters (

for

GeV and the coupling strength

for

GeV) for some typical luminosities at the 3 TeV CLIC.
Half-blind quantum computation with operation teleportation
Authors: Yang Zhen , Wu Guangyang , Bai Mingqiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Blind quantum computation enables a client with limited quantum capabilities to delegate a powerful quantum computer for performing confidential quantum computation. This paper identifies a security loophole in the initial universal half-blind quantum computation protocol and resolves it using operation teleportation. Simultaneously, to minimize quantum resource consumption for both the client and the server, the proposed protocol relies on the universal gate set H, T, and CX, and only necessitates the client’s ability to prepare qubits in the eigenstates of Pauli gates X and Y or measure qubits based on these gates. Finally, a sample example is provided to illustrate the proposed protocol effectively.
Tuning magnetic and optical properties in Mn
x
Zn1−x
PS3 single crystals by the alloying composition
Authors: Harchol Adi , Zuri Shahar , Ritov Esther , Horani Faris , Rybak Miłosz , Woźniak Tomasz , Eyal Anna , Amouyal Yaron , Birowska Magdalena , Lifshitz Efrat 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The exploration of two-dimensional (2D) antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials has shown great promise and interest in tuning the magnetic and electronic properties as well as studying magneto-optical effects. The current work investigates the control of magneto-optical interactions in alloyed Mn
x
Zn1−x
PS3 lamellar semiconductor single crystals, with the Mn/Zn ratio regulating the coupling strength. Magnetic susceptibility results show a retention of AFM order followed by a decrease in Néel temperatures down to ∼40% Mn concentration, below which a paramagnetic behavior is observed. Absorption measurements reveal an increase in bandgap energy with higher Zn(II) concentration, and the presence of Mn(II) d-d transition below the absorption edge. DFT + U approach qualitatively explained the origin and the position of the experimentally observed mid band-gap states in pure MnPS3, and corresponding peaks visible in the alloyed systems Mn
x
Zn1‒x
PS3. Accordingly, emission at 1.3 eV in all alloyed compounds results from recombination from a 4T1g Mn(II) excited state to a hybrid p-d state at the valence band. Most significant, temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) intensity trends demonstrate strong magneto-optical coupling in compositions with x > 0.65. This study underscores the potential of tailored alloy compositions as a means to control magnetic and optical properties in 2D materials, paving the way for advances in spin-based technologies.
Eliminating the channel resistance in two-dimensional systems using viscous charge flow
Authors: Huang Wenhao , Paul Tathagata , Perrin Mickael L , Calame Michel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Driven by the pursuit of high-performance electronic devices and the exploration of quantum phenomena, research into two-dimensional (2D) systems and materials, has unveiled their exceptional properties and potential applications. While extensive efforts have centered on minimizing contact resistance, reducing the intrinsic channel resistance within the conducting material remains a formidable challenge. Research in this direction has focused on investigating superconductivity and ballistic transport. However, the practical applications of these phenomena are usually constrained by the requirement for cryogenic conditions. Charge transport in the hydrodynamic regime emerges as a versatile alternative, offering enhanced resilience to these challenges, and making it a promising avenue for effectively reducing channel resistance in 2D systems. The current perspective delves into charge hydrodynamics, exploring its mechanisms, recent advancements, enduring challenges, and its potential in reducing the channel resistance.
Topological insulator MnBi2Te4 and its van der Waals heterostructure for sensitive room-temperature terahertz photodetection
Authors: Guo Shuguang , He Yuan , Lv Xuyang , Jiang Mengjie , Wei Yingdong , Deng Yu , Pan Xiaokai , Lan Shiqi , Wang Dong , Liu Aiyun , Guo Cheng , Wang Lin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Dirac fermions are a distinctive feature of topological insulators (TIs) due to the existence of topologically protected surface states, making TIs a promising choice for long-wavelength photodetection. However, TIs-based photodetection often suffers from significant dark current. This paper demonstrates broadband detection through the direct generation of photocarriers in metal-MnBi2Te4 (MBT) -metal structures at room temperature. By integrating MBT and Bi2Te3 into van der Waals structures, the heterostructure device can reduce dark current and have excellent sensitivity at room temperature. Especially, MBT/Bi2Te3 photodetectors have a fast response time (<1 μs) and low noise equivalent power <0.5 nW Hz−1/2 at self-powered mode due to photothermoelectric conversion. The MBT/Bi2Te3 photodetector detects low-energy photons through the hybrid integration of new low-dimensional materials that will be already suitable for imaging applications, further emphasizing the unique advantages of TIs in the field of terahertz technology.
Symmetry classification of 2D materials: layer groups versus space groups
Authors: Fu Jingheng , Kuisma Mikael , Larsen Ask Hjorth , Shinohara Kohei , Togo Atsushi , Thygesen Kristian S 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The symmetry of a crystal structure with a three-dimensional (3D) lattice can be classified by one of the 230 space group types. For some types of crystals, e.g. crystalline films, surfaces, or planar interfaces, it is more appropriate to assume a two-dimensional (2D) lattice. With this assumption the structure can be classified by one of the 80 layer group types. We have implemented an algorithm to determine the layer group type of a 3D structure with a 2D lattice, and applied it to more than 15 000 monolayer structures in the Computational 2D Materials Database (C2DB). We compare the classification of monolayers by layer groups and space groups, respectively. The latter is defined as the space group of the 3D bulk structure obtained by repeating the monolayer periodically in the direction perpendicular to the 2D lattice (AA-stacking). By this correspondence, nine pairs of layer group types are mapped to the same space group type due to the inability of the space group to distinguish the in-plane and out-of-plane axes. In total 18% of the monolayers in the C2DB belong to one of these layer group pairs and are thus not properly classified by the space group type. Our results show that symmetry classification of 2D materials should be based on layer groups rather than the commonly used space groups.
Dynamic mechanical damping analysis of up/step-quenched Cu-Zn-Sn-based shape memory alloys
Authors: Anaele Justus Uchenna , Alaneme Kenneth Kanayo , Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The effect of thermal quenching procedures on the damping properties of Cu-Zn-Sn-based SMAs is reported. Three compositions of Cu-Zn-Sn-based SMAs designated A (Cu-15.6Zn-12.1Sn), B (Cu-26.1Zn-9.3Sn), and C (Cu-29.6Zn-8.9Sn) samples produced by the casting process were subjected to direct quenching, up-quenching, and step-quenching treatments. The microstructure of the samples was examined using the backscattered electron microscope with fixtures for energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis. The damping properties were assessed on a dynamic mechanical analyzer and presented in terms of tan delta. The microstructures of Cu-Zn-Sn-based SMAs consist of γ-Cu5Zn8 and Cu4 major phases containing some black dot precipitation and a small amount of white circular precipitates in the parent phase. For the A alloys, the step-quenched samples exhibited the highest damping capacity with peak internal friction of 0.041 at 37 °C, which is greater than 0.028 at 37 °C and 0.26 at 25 °C obtained for the up-quenched and direct-quenched samples respectively. The step-quenched B alloys show the highest damping capacity with peak internal friction of 0.104 at 227 °C, which is far greater than 0.053 at 23 °C and 0.034 at 35 °C obtained for the up-quenched and direct-quenched samples respectively. For the C alloys, the up-quenched samples show the highest damping capacity with peak internal friction of 0.053 at 235 °C, which is greater than the peak values of 0.037 at 23 8 °C obtained for the step-quenched samples. Direct-quenched samples gave the lowest damping capacity with a peak value of 0.027 at 235 °C. In general, step-quenching treatment effectively improved the damping properties of Cu-Zn-Sn-based SMAs.
Accelerate microstructure evolution simulation using graph neural networks with adaptive spatiotemporal resolution
Authors: Fan Shaoxun , Hitt Andrew L , Tang Ming , Sadigh Babak , Zhou Fei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Surrogate models driven by sizeable datasets and scientific machine-learning methods have emerged as an attractive microstructure simulation tool with the potential to deliver predictive microstructure evolution dynamics with huge savings in computational costs. Taking 2D and 3D grain growth simulations as an example, we present a completely overhauled computational framework based on graph neural networks with not only excellent agreement to both the ground truth phase-field methods and theoretical predictions, but enhanced accuracy and efficiency compared to previous works based on convolutional neural networks. These improvements can be attributed to the graph representation, both improved predictive power and a more flexible data structure amenable to adaptive mesh refinement. As the simulated microstructures coarsen, our method can adaptively adopt remeshed grids and larger timesteps to achieve further speedup. The data-to-model pipeline with training procedures together with the source codes are provided.
Donoghue 𝑚-functions for Singular Sturm–Liouville operators
Authors: Gesztesy F. , Littlejohn L. , Nichols R. , Piorkowski M. , Stanfill J. 
Published: April 2024

Let

A
˙

\dot {A}

be a densely defined, closed, symmetric operator in the complex, separable Hilbert space

H

\mathcal {H}

with equal deficiency indices and denote by

N

i

=
ker
⁡
(
(

A
˙

)
∗

−
i

I

H

)

\mathcal {N}_i = \ker ((\dot {A})^* - i I_{\mathcal {H}})

,

dim
⁡
(

N

i

)
=
k
∈

N

∪
{
∞
}

\dim (\mathcal {N}_i)=k\in \mathbb {N} \cup \{\infty \}

, the associated deficiency subspace of

A
˙

\dot {A}

. If

A
A

denotes a self-adjoint extension of

A
˙

\dot {A}

in

H

\mathcal {H}

, the Donoghue

m
m

-operator

M

A
,

N

i

D
o

(

⋅

)

M_{A,\mathcal {N}_i}^{Do} (\,\cdot \,)

in

N

i

\mathcal {N}_i

associated with the pair

(
A
,

N

i

)

(A,\mathcal {N}_i)

is given by

M

A
,

N

i

D
o

(
z
)
=
z

I

N

i

+
(

z
2

+
1
)

P

N

i

(
A
−
z

I

H

)

−
1

P

N

i

|

N

i

M_{A,\mathcal {N}_i}^{Do}(z)=zI_{\mathcal {N}_i} + (z^2+1) P_{\mathcal {N}_i} (A - z I_{\mathcal {H}})^{-1} P_{\mathcal {N}_i} \vert _{\mathcal {N}_i}

,

z
∈

C

∖

R

,

z\in \mathbb {C}\setminus \mathbb {R},

with

I

N

i

I_{\mathcal {N}_i}

the identity operator in

N

i

\mathcal {N}_i

, and

P

N

i

P_{\mathcal {N}_i}

the orthogonal projection in

H

\mathcal {H}

onto

N

i

\mathcal {N}_i

.

Assuming the standard local integrability hypotheses on the coefficients

p
,
q
,
r

p, q,r

, we study all self-adjoint realizations corresponding to the differential expression

τ
=

1

r
(
x
)

[
−

d

d
x

p
(
x
)

d

d
x

+
q
(
x
)
]

\tau =\frac {1}{r(x)}[-\frac {d}{dx}p(x)\frac {d}{dx} + q(x)]

for a.e.

x
∈
(
a
,
b
)
⊆

R

x\in (a,b) \subseteq \mathbb {R}

, in

L
2

(
(
a
,
b
)
;
r
d
x
)

L^2((a,b); rdx)

, and, as our principal aim in this paper, systematically construct the associated Donoghue

m
m

-functions (respectively,

(
2
×
2
)

(2 \times 2)

matrices) in all cases where

τ
\tau

is in the limit circle case at least at one interval endpoint

a
a

or

b
b

.
On the Problematic Use of ‘don’t worry’ by Chinese Learners of English
Authors: House Juliane , Kádár Dániel Z , Liu Fengguang , Zhao Jihong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we examine uses of ‘don’t worry’ by Chinese speakers of English, which may trigger intercultural irritations. We investigate such problematic uses from a contrastive angle, by considering whether they relate to the fact that in Chinese there are two expressions which may be equivalents of English ‘don’t worry’: fangxin 放心 (lit. ‘ease your heart’) and bie-danxin 别担心 (lit. ‘don’t burden your heart’). First, we present uses of ‘don’t worry’ by Chinese learners of English and examine them through the lens of speech acts and interaction. Second, we undertake a corpus-based study of the speech act-indicating interactional uses of ‘don’t worry’, fangxin and bie-danxin, teasing out their conventional uses. Finally, we consider whether uses of ‘don’t worry’ by Chinese learners of English are influenced by pragmatic transfer and, if so, what this transfer looks like.
Improving Tip Aesthetics Using Mastoid Fascia Tissue Graft in Rhinoplasty: A Reliable Alternative to Soft Cartilage Grafts
Authors: Goote Paige , Tugertimur Bugra , Datta Shaishav , Hanna Steven , Morris Matthew , Mattos David , Reish Richard 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Goals/Purpose
Traditional rhinoplasty tip grafts often lead to visibility issues, prompting patients to seek revision surgery. The mastoid fascia tissue graft (MFTG) provides a natural-looking alternative with fewer complications. MFTG remains less visible through the skin, enhancing long-term aesthetic results. This eight-year study on 193 patients examines MFTG's effectiveness in nasal tip refinement, evaluating revision and infection rates.

Methods/Technique
A retrospective analysis of MFTG use for nasal tip refinement during open rhinoplasty in the senior author's practice was conducted from July 2014 to June 2022. Inclusion criteria encompassed open rhinoplasty cases using mastoid tissue for tip refinement with at least 12 months of follow-up. Among 2003 cases, 193 met these criteria and were evaluated for subsequent revision and infection rates.

Results/Complications
The average patient age was 34.2 years (175 females, 18 males). Primary rhinoplasties were done on 114 patients, with 79 receiving revision surgeries. Average follow-up was 14.8 months. 6 patients (3.1%) needed extended antibiotics. Overall, 6 (3.1%) patients required revision rhinoplasty, comprising of 2 (1.8%) primary and 4 (5.1%) secondary rhinoplasty patients. These revisions were unrelated to the use of MFTG for nasal tip refinement.

Conclusion
MFTG use for nasal tip refinement is associated with low revision rates for both primary and secondary rhinoplasty compared to rates in current literature, without increase in complications or prolonged operative durations. MFTG for nasal tip refinement is a safe and convenient technique delivering excellent aesthetic outcomes with minimal morbidity.
Breast Implant Illness (BII) As a Clinical Entity: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Hemal Kshipra , Kabir Raeesa , Stanton Eloise , Sorenson Thomas , Boyd Carter , Karp Nolan , Choi Mihye 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Goals/Purpose
Breast implant illness (BII) has become a contentious subject in recent years, raising concerns among both patients and healthcare professionals. While some studies have reported associations between breast implants and autoimmune diseases, others have failed to establish a definitive link. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review is to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the existing literature with a specific emphasis on identifying any symptom or patient patterns to critically evaluate the existence of BII as a distinct entity.

Methods/Technique
A comprehensive search of relevant published studies up until 2023 was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed and MEDLINE. A total of 31 studies met inclusion criteria in our analysis. To qualify for inclusion, studies had to focus on breast implant illness and associated systemic symptoms. Two reviewers independently assessed the abstracts, manuscripts, and extracted data from the selected papers. From the included studies, cohort size, reason for implantation, mean age, implant type, implant texture, plane of implant placement, mean follow-up time, implant explantation status, time to implant explantation, symptom resolution after explantation, infections, and complications were extracted. Descriptive statistics was used where appropriate.

Results/Complications
The mean age of patients was 44.2 ± 9.30 years for all studies included. For studies that included length of time between implant exposure and onset of clinical symptoms (9/31; 29.0%), the mean time from implant or biomaterial exposure to onset of clinical symptoms of BII was 13.4 ± 2.92 years. Fourteen (14/31; 45.2%) studies reported implant explantation status with 60% of the total patient population choosing to remove their implants. Among these, 9 studies reported symptom improvement in 657 patients (83.5%) from a total of 788 patients undergoing implant explantation. Eight studies (8/31; 25.8%) reported whether patients experiencing BII related symptoms were in the cosmetic or reconstructive group. Patients in the cosmetic cohort (899/1005; 89.5%) experienced significantly more BII-related symptoms compared to patients in the reconstructive cohort (213/352; 60.5%) (p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge regarding BII. While the literature offers valuable insights into the potential associations and outcomes related to BII, there are several limitations stemming from heterogeneity in study designs, patient populations, and reporting practices. Our study highlights a relationships between BII and indication for implants (cosmetic vs. reconstructive), infection, and explantation, among other variables, offering valuable directions for future research.