bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma and tissue transferrin and ferritin, and gene expression of ferritin, transferrin, and transferrin receptors I and II in channelcatfishIctalurus punctatusfed diets with different concentrations of inorganic or organic iron
Authors: Buyinza Isaac , Ramena Grace , Lochmann Rebecca , Sinha Amit , Jones Michele 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFerritin, transferrin, and transferrin receptors I and II play a vital role in iron metabolism, health, and indication of iron deficiency anaemia in fish. To evaluate the use of high‐iron diets to prevent or reverse channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) anaemia of unknown causes, we investigated the expression of these iron‐regulatory genes and proteins in channel catfish fed plant‐based diets. Catfish fingerlings were fed five diets supplemented with 0 (basal), 125, and 250 mg/kg of either inorganic iron or organic iron for 2 weeks. Ferritin, transferrin, and transferrin receptor I and II mRNA and protein expression levels in fish tissues (liver, intestine, trunk kidney, and head kidney) and plasma were determined. Transferrin (iron transporter) and TfR (I and II) genes were generally highly expressed in fish fed the basal diet compared to those fed the iron‐supplemented diets. In contrast, ferritin (iron storage) genes were more expressed in the trunk kidney of fish fed the iron‐supplemented diets than in those fed the basal diet. Our results demonstrate that supplementing channel catfish plant‐based diets with iron from either organic or inorganic iron sources affected the expression of the iron‐regulatory genes and increased body iron status in the fish.
Modulated illumination microscopy: Application perspectives in nuclear nanostructure analysis
Authors: Cremer Christoph , Schock Florian , Failla Antonio Virgilio , Birk Udo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe structure of the cell nucleus of higher organisms has become a major topic of advanced light microscopy. So far, a variety of methods have been applied, including confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy, 4Pi, STED and localisation microscopy approaches, as well as different types of patterned illumination microscopy, modulated either laterally (in the object plane) or axially (along the optical axis). Based on our experience, we discuss here some application perspectives of Modulated Illumination Microscopy (MIM) and its combination with single‐molecule localisation microscopy (SMLM). For example, spatially modulated illumination microscopy/SMI (illumination modulation along the optical axis) has been used to determine the axial extension (size) of small, optically isolated fluorescent objects between ≤ 200 nm and ≥ 40 nm diameter with a precision down to the few nm range; it also allows the axial positioning of such structures down to the 1 nm scale; combined with laterally structured illumination/SIM, a 3D localisation precision of ≤1 nm is expected using fluorescence yields typical for SMLM applications. Together with the nanosizing capability of SMI, this can be used to analyse macromolecular nuclear complexes with a resolution approaching that of cryoelectron microscopy.
Feasibility of measuring blood‐brain barrier permeability using ultra‐short echo time radial magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Bae Jonghyun , Qayyum Sawwal , Zhang Jin , Das Ayesha , Reyes Isabel , Aronowitz Eric , Stavarache Mihaela A. , Kaplitt Michael G. , Masurkar Arjun , Kim Sungheon Gene 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of using 3‐dimensional (3D) ultra‐short echo time (UTE) radial imaging method for measurement of the permeability of the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) to gadolinium‐based contrast agent. In this study, we propose to use the golden‐angle radial sparse parallel (GRASP) method with 3D center‐out trajectories for UTE, hence named as 3D UTE‐GRASP. We first examined the feasibility of using 3D UTE‐GRASP dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE)‐magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for differentiating subtle BBB disruptions induced by focused ultrasound (FUS). Then, we examined the BBB permeability changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology using Alzheimer's disease transgenic mice (5xFAD) at different ages.MethodsFor FUS experiments, we used four Sprague Dawley rats at similar ages where we compared BBB permeability of each rat receiving the FUS sonication with different acoustic power (0.4‐1.0 MPa). For AD transgenic mice experiments, we included three 5xFAD mice (6, 12, and 16 months old) and three wild‐type mice (4, 8, and 12 months old).ResultsThe result from FUS experiments showed a progressive increase in BBB permeability with increase of acoustic power (p < .05), demonstrating the sensitivity of DCE‐MRI method for detecting subtle changes in BBB disruption. Our AD transgenic mice experiments suggest an early BBB disruption in 5xFAD mice, which is further impaired with aging.ConclusionThe results in this study substantiate the feasibility of using the proposed 3D UTE‐GRASP method for detecting subtle BBB permeability changes expected in neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD.
Health and health care are essential to the quality of life of people with intellectual disability
Authors: Bacherini Alice , Gómez Laura E. , Balboni Giulia , Havercamp Susan M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHealth represents the dynamic balance of physical, mental, social, and existential well‐being in adapting to conditions of life and the environment. Health is essential for the quality of life (QoL) of all individuals, including those with intellectual disability (ID). People with ID experience health inequities and barriers to quality health care that must be addressed to foster the QoL of this population. This paper illustrates how poor health negatively impacts each of the eight domains of the QoL model proposed by Shalock and Verdugo (2002) (e.g., health conditions limit work performance, decreasing opportunities for personal development and self‐determination). Suggestions for healthcare practices and behaviors that would improve the quality of healthcare provided to people with ID, and thus their health and QoL, are offered (e.g., engaging people with ID in the medical conversation, talking to them in plain language and without jargon enhances the personal development, self‐determination, interpersonal relationships, and social inclusion domains of QoL). Finally, we suggest actions that people with ID and their families might implement to maximize their health and wellness (e.g., maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and using the health promotion resources provided by disability organizations).
Exosomes miR‐92a‐3p from human exfoliated deciduous teeth inhibits periodontitis progression via the KLF4/PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Yu Tianliang , Mi Na , Song Yingtao , Xie Weili 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeriodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease mediated by dysbiosis of the oral microflora, resulting in the destruction of periodontal tissue. Increasing evidence suggested that mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) and exosomes derived from MSCs play a critical role in periodontal tissue regeneration. However, whether stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED)‐secreted exosomes can improve the therapeutic potential of periodontitis is largely unknown.ObjectiveHere, we aim to evaluate the effect of SHED‐exosomes on inflammation, apoptosis and osteogenic differentiation in periodontitis.MethodsThe periodontitis cell model was constructed by stimulating periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and the periodontitis rats were established by ligation.ResultsFirst, we isolated exosomes from the SHED, and we figured out that exosomes secreted by SHED were enriched in miR‐92a‐3p and the exosomes enhanced proliferation and osteogenic differentiation and reduced apoptosis and inflammatory responses in PDLSCs. In addition, we found that SHED‐exosomes alleviated inflammatory effect and elevated the expression of osteogenic‐related genes in periodontitis rat model. Moreover, miR‐92a‐3p targeted downstream Krüppel‐Like Transcription Factor 4 (KLF4) and regulated the PI3K/AKT pathway. Finally, our data indicated that upregulation of KLF4 or activation of PI3K/AKT by 740Y‐P counteracted the inhibitory effect of SHED‐exosomes on periodontitis progression.ConclusionTaken together, our finding revealed that exosomal miR‐92a‐3p derived from SHED contributed to the alleviation of periodontitis development and progression through inactivating the KLF4/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which may provide a potential target for the treatment of periodontitis.
Long‐term performance of show‐jumping horses and relationship with severity of ataxia and complications associated with myeloencephalopathy caused by equine herpes virus‐1
Authors: de la Cuesta‐Torrado María , Velloso Alvarez Ana , Neira‐Egea Patricia , Cuervo‐Arango Juan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundEquine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM) has severe impact on the sport horse population.ObjectiveStudy the influence of EHM on the likelihood of affected horses to return to their previous performance and investigate the association of clinical variables with prognosis.AnimalsTwenty‐six horses positive for equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV‐1) were admitted to a veterinary teaching hospital (VTH) during a natural EHM outbreak at an international jumping event.MethodsData collected from the VTH, the International Equestrian Federation, and surveys completed by the riders and horse owners were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsHorses affected by EHM had 68% chance of returning to exercise, and 52.9% were able to achieve their preoutbreak performance level. Horses with an ataxia grade at admission ≥4/5 had an increased fatality rate (P < .05) and 10% chance of reaching their preoutbreak performance level. None of the horses with both vascular and urinary complications returned to their previous performance level. Finally, horses vaccinated against EHV‐1 and those with urinary complications had a 71.4% and 43.7% fatality rate, respectively.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceHorses affected by EHM were able to return to their previous performance levels, but certain clinical variables were negatively associated with postoutbreak performance. Ataxia grade upon admission and the development of systemic signs of vasculitis and urinary complications were potential poor prognostic indicators in sport horses. Variables linked to fatality included prior vaccination against EHV‐1, ataxia grade upon admission, and the development of urinary complications.
Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic findings in Irish Wolfhounds eating high‐pulse or low‐pulse diets
Authors: Coppinger Lily M. , Freeman Lisa M. , Tyrrell William D. , Rosenthal Steven L. , Dentino Mariellen E. , Abrams Frances L. , Rush John E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundApparently healthy dogs of various breeds eating nontraditional, high‐pulse diets can have larger left ventricular diameter, lower systolic function, and more ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) compared with dogs eating traditional, low‐pulse diets. It is unknown whether Irish Wolfhounds eating high‐pulse diets have similar cardiac abnormalities.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo compare electrocardiographic and echocardiographic findings between Irish Wolfhounds eating high‐ or low‐pulse diets.AnimalsNinety‐seven Irish Wolfhounds.MethodsRetrospective study of Irish Wolfhounds that had echocardiography performed at dog shows between October 2018 and May 2021. Demographic information, echocardiographic measurements, cardiac rhythm (1‐minute lead II rhythm strip), and main diet were recorded retrospectively. Diets were classified as high‐pulse or low‐pulse based on the presence and location of pulses (peas, lentils, chickpeas, or dry beans) on the ingredient list.ResultsThirty‐five of 97 Irish Wolfhounds (36%) were eating high‐pulse diets and 62 of 97 (64%) were eating low‐pulse diets. There were no significant differences between diet groups in echocardiographic measurements. A significantly higher percentage of dogs in the high‐pulse diet group (6/35 [17%]) had VPCs compared with those in the low‐pulse diet group (1/62 [2%]; effect size = 0.15 [95% confidence interval: 0.004‐0.31]; P = .005).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceIn this retrospective study of apparently healthy Irish Wolfhounds, high‐pulse diets were associated with a higher prevalence of VPCs which could represent early cardiac abnormalities.
Prognostic potential of copper, zinc, copper/zinc ratio, cobalamin, and serum amyloid A in cats with panleukopenia
Authors: Yanar Kerim Emre , Baysal Sümeyye , Ulaş Nergis , Aktaş Mustafa Sinan , Timurkan Mehmet Özkan , Aydın Hakan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundCopper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and the copper/zinc ratio (Cu/Zn), which have been studied in gastrointestinal disorders of humans, may facilitate disease prognosis.ObjectiveEvaluate the predictive potential of Cu, Zn, cobalamin, and serum amyloid A (SAA) as prognostic indicators in cats with feline panleukopenia (FPV) on admission.AnimalsClient‐owned cats diagnosed with FPV and controls.MethodsSerum Cu and Zn concentrations were assessed using the spectrophotometric method and serum concentrations of SAA and cobalamin were measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay.ResultsOn admission, survivor cats with FPV had significantly higher serum Cu and SAA concentrations and Cu/Zn ratios and significantly lower serum Zn and cobalamin concentrations than controls. Furthermore, non‐survivor cats with FPV had significantly higher serum Cu and SAA concentrations and Cu/Zn ratios and significantly lower cobalamin concentrations than survivors and controls. Prognostic thresholds were calculated, with positive predictive value (PPV) for survival of 90% for Cu (≥120.3 μg/dL), 90% for Cu/Zn (≥1.34), 90% for cobalamin (≤430.4 pg/mL), and 90% for SAA (≥0.85 mg/L).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceCu (0.93 area under curve [AUC]), Cu/Zn (0.95 AUC), cobalamin (0.98 AUC), and SAA (0.98 AUC) were excellent biomarkers for predicting prognosis in cats with FPV. Their effectiveness, as assessed by sensitivity (100%), specificity (80%), AUC (0.98), and PPV (90%) from receiver operating characteristic analysis, emphasizes the performance of cobalamin and SAA.
Clinical findings and outcome predictors for multinodular pulmonary fibrosis in horses: 46 cases (2009‐2019)
Authors: Craven Amanda , Todd‐Donato Amy , Stokol Tracy , Liepman Rachel , Glasberg Ilana , Wilkins Pamela , Luethy Daniela , Wong David , Schoster Angelika , van den Brom ‐ Spierenburg Astrid J. , Tomlinson Joy E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrognostic indicators for equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis (EMPF), an interstitial fibrosing lung disease, are poorly described.Hypothesis/ObjectivesDescribe diagnostic findings and outcome predictors for EMPF.AnimalsForty‐six adult horses with EMPF.MethodsRetrospective multicenter case series from 2009 to 2019. Radiographic (n = 27) and ultrasonographic studies (n = 19) from EMPF horses and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytology from 6 EMPF and 13 asthma cases were independently reviewed and blinded to diagnosis and outcome. Associations between predictor variables and survival were assessed by predictor screening followed by Fisher's exact and Wilcoxon rank sum tests.ResultsPrimary clinical findings were weight loss (36/46, 78%), increased respiratory effort (33/46, 72%), tachypnea (32/46, 70%), and fever (18/46, 39%). Macrophage atypia was seen in more EMPF than asthmatic horse BALF (67% vs. 8%; P = .02). Equine herpesvirus 5 (EHV‐5) was detected in 24 of 30 (80%) and hyperfibrinogenemia in 25 of 28 (89%) cases. Twenty‐seven of 46 horses (59%) and 11 of 45 (24%) survived to discharge and to 3 months, respectively. Three‐month survival was associated with lower median (range) respiratory rates (30 [24‐36] vs. 41 [30‐60] breaths per minute; P = .04), and higher BALF lymphocyte:neutrophil ratios (4.7 [1.4‐22] vs. 0.47 [0.11‐1.9]; P = .01) and blood lymphocyte counts (1.25 [0.93‐2.55] vs. 0.90 [0.70‐1.24] × 109/L; P = .03). Imaging findings, EHV‐5 detection, and corticosteroid treatment were not associated with survival.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceFever is not a sensitive clinical sign of EMPF. Diagnostic testing should be pursued for horses with increased respiratory rate and effort and weight loss. The prognosis for EMPF horses is poor. Corticosteroid treatment does not improve 3‐month survival.
Effects of reproductive seasonality on the excretion of fecal glucocorticoid metabolites in free‐ranging Pampas Deer
Authors: Grotta‐Neto F. , Christofoletti M. D. , Piovezan U. , Herédias‐Ribas C. M. , Duarte J. M. B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUnderstanding how fecal glucocorticoid (GC) concentration is associated with reproduction in wild animals allows us to associate physiological stress with the costs of reproduction. Glucocorticoids are among the main stress‐related hormones, and their secretion is strongly associated with reproductive seasonality. Using non‐invasive methods (thereby avoiding causing stress), we used fecal GC metabolites (FGC) to test the hypothesis that the reproductive phase (mating, non‐mating, gestation, and lactation) influences stress levels of the seasonally reproductive Pampas Deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus). Furthermore, we compared FGC between sexes and between males of different antler statuses (velvet, hard, cast). During 1 year, in the Pantanal of Brazil, we collected 621 fresh fecal samples (327 from females, 294 from males) from which we estimated FGC using enzyme immunoassay (EIA). FGC concentrations varied by reproductive phase and antler status. Agonistic and courtship interactions associated with mating (i.e., fights between males, attempts to mount females), suggest that they influence FGC concentrations most strongly in both sexes. Females also had greater FGC concentrations during lactation, suggesting that this phase and parental care are also associated with increased physiological stress. In males, the association of FGC concentrations with antler status may be, in part, associated with photoperiod and testosterone secretion, both of which can trigger reproductive and agonistic behaviors. Finally, reproductive synchrony of the sexes causes similar FGC over time and suggests that environmental factors contribute as well. We show that non‐invasive monitoring of glucocorticoid metabolites levels is an effective tool for detecting changes in the physiological stress response in Pampas Deer, suggesting that this tool will be useful for detecting changes in physiological stress caused by human disturbance, such as cattle ranching in Pantanal and similar disturbances elsewhere.
Long‐term safety of desmopressin orally disintegrating tablets in men with nocturia due to nocturnal polyuria: Interim results of a specified drug use–results survey in Japan
Authors: Ogawa Yoshimasa , Murata Shujiro , Kuramoto Kiyotoshi , Nakano Atsushi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis interim report presents the 12‐week results of a post‐marketing surveillance evaluating the safety of desmopressin orally disintegrating tablets 25 and 50 μg in Japanese men with nocturia due to nocturnal polyuria.MethodsOf the planned study population of 1000 Japanese men receiving desmopressin for the first time for nocturia due to nocturnal polyuria, 971 cases were enrolled. In this interim analysis, 9 cases, including 6 registry violations and 3 cases of unconfirmed desmopressin dosing, were excluded from the 354 case report forms collected and fixed by the end of December 2021, and data up to 12 weeks after administration in 345 cases were defined as the safety analysis set.ResultsThe mean age was 74.5 ± 9.9 years and 88.7% of the survey participants were aged ≥65 years. Desmopressin was started at a dose of 25 μg in 153 cases (44.3%). There were 102 adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reported in 71 cases, including 6 serious ADRs in 3 cases (0.9%). The most common ADR was hyponatremia occurring in 29 cases (8.4%). Eight of the hyponatremic cases were asymptomatic. Symptoms were resolved or slightly improved within 4 weeks of onset in 13 of 29 cases of hyponatremia. In addition, hyponatremia occurred in 11 of 217 cases (5.1%), with a serum sodium level before the administration of desmopressin of ≥140 mmol/L, and in 13 of 87 cases (14.9%), with a level of 135–139 mmol/L, and was not measured in 5 hyponatremia cases. Patient characteristics that showed significant differences in the occurrence of hyponatremia included body weight, body mass index, renal function, and pretreatment serum sodium level. Regular monitoring of serum sodium is necessary for early detection of hyponatremia.ConclusionsHyponatremia was the most common ADR when desmopressin orally disintegrating tablets were used to treat nocturia due to nocturnal polyuria over a 12‐week period.
Coevolution of phyllosilicate, carbon, sulfide, and apatite in Ryugu's parent body
Authors: Gainsforth Zack , Dominguez Gerardo , Amano Kana , Matsumoto Megumi , Fujioka Yuri , Kagawa Eiichi , Nakamura Tomoki , Tachibana Shogo , Morita Tomoyo , Kikuiri Mizuha , Yurimoto Hisayoshi , Noguchi Takaaki , Okazaki Ryuji , Yabuta Hikaru , Naraoka Hiroshi , Sakamoto Kanako , Yada Toru , Nishimura Masahiro , Nakato Aiko , Miyazaki Akiko , Yogata Kasumi , Abe Masano , Okada Tatsuaki , Usui Tomohiro , Yoshikawa Makoto , Saiki Takanao , Tanaka Satoshi , Terui Fuyuto , Nakazawa Satoru , Watanabe Sei‐ichiro , Tsuda Yuichi ,   Hayabusa2 Initial Analysis Stone Team
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe analyzed an asteroid Ryugu sample returned to Earth by JAXA's Hayabusa2 mission using nanoIR, SEM, and TEM microscopy. We identified multiple distinct carbon reservoirs within the phyllosilicate matrix and demonstrate infrared spectral affinities for some of the carbon to insoluble organic matter (IOM). TEM studies of Ryugu samples have allowed us to better understand the interrelationship between the crystallographic orientations of phyllosilicates and the secondary minerals such as carbonate, sulfide, and apatite. Transport of elements provides a unifying theme for understanding these interrelationships.