bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of New Chiral Mono‐, Di‐, Tri‐, and Tetraalkylglycolurils.
Authors: Kravchenko A. N. , et al. et al. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis, Structure, and Electrochemical Characteristics of 4‐Aryl‐2‐carbamoylmethylthio‐5‐ethoxycarbonyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridine‐3‐carb oxylic Acid Nitriles.
Authors: Baumane L. , Krauze A. , Belyakov S. , Sile L. , Chernova L. , Griga M. , Duburs G. , Stradins J. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Derivatives of (4‐Methyl‐2‐quinolylthio)acetic and (4‐Methyl‐2‐quinolylthio)propionic Acids.
Authors: Avetisyan A. A. , Aleksanyan I. L. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A New Approach to the Synthesis of Lamotrigine and Other 3,5‐Diamino‐1,2,4‐triazine Derivatives.
Authors: Ulomskii E. N. , Shestakova T. S. , Deev S. L. , Rusinov V. L. , Chupakhin O. N. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Study of Nitrogen‐ and Sulfur‐Containing Heterocycles. Part 57. Synthesis and Conversion of 4′‐Substituted 5‐(5‐Amino‐6‐pyrimidylthio)‐2,2‐dimethyl‐4,6‐dioxo‐1,3‐dioxanes.
Authors: Safonova T. S. , Nemeryuk M. P. , Likhovidova M. M. , Sedov A. L. , Keremov A. F. , Solov'eva N. P. , Anisimova O. S. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Structure of New Carotenoids (I)‐(III) with a 3,4‐Dihydroxy‐β‐End Group from the Oyster Crassostrea gigas.
Authors: Maoka Takashi , Fujiwara Yasuhiro , Hashimoto Keiji , Akimoto Naoshige 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Clerodane Diterpenoids from Laetia procera (Poepp.) Eichler (Flacourtiaceae), with Antiplasmodial and Antileishmanial Activities.
Authors: Jullian Valerie , Bonduelle Colin , Valentin Alexis , Acebey Lucia , Duigou Anne‐Gaelle , Prevost Marie‐Francoise , Sauvain Michel 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Sesquiterpenoids from Ligularia virgaurea spp. oligocephala.
Authors: Wu Quan‐Xiang , Yang Ai‐Mei , Shi Yan‐Ping 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Total Synthesis of (—)‐Bestatin Using Shibasaki′s Asymmetric Henry Reaction.
Authors: Gogoi Naminita , Boruwa Joshodeep , Barua Nabin C. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Phosphomolybdic Acid Supported on Silica Gel: An Efficient, Mild and Reusable Catalyst for the Chemoselective Hydrolysis of Acetonides.
Authors: Yadav J. S. , Raghavendra S. , Satyanarayana M. , Balanarsaiah E. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Concise Syntheses of Meridianins by Carbonylative Alkynylation and a Four‐Component Pyrimidine Synthesis.
Authors: Karpov Alexei S. , Merkul Eugen , Rominger Frank , Mueller Thomas J. J. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chemistry and Dynamics of Interaction of Nucleosides with Pentafluoropyridines.
Authors: Litvak V. V. , Mainagashev I. Ya. , Bukhanets O. G. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Dihydrophenanthrenes from Bletilla formosana.
Authors: Lin Yun‐Lian , Chen Wan‐Ping , Macabalang Abdulgafor Datu 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Constituents of Leaves of Phellodendron japonicum Maxim. and Their Antioxidant Activity.
Authors: Chiu Chih‐Yang , Li Chia‐Ying , Chiu Chao‐Chen , Niwa Masatake , Kitanaka Susumu , Damu Amooru Gangaiah , Lee E‐Jiang , Wu Tian‐Shung 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Gymnasterkoreayne G, a New Inhibitory Polyacetylene Against NFAT Transcription Factor from Gymnaster koraiensis.
Authors: Nguyen Tien Dat , Cai Xing Fu , Shen Quanghai , Lee Im Seon , Lee Eun Joo , Park Yong Ki , Bae KiHwan , Kim Young Ho 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Antioxidant Constituents of Caragana tibetica.
Authors: Xiang Ting , Uno Toshio , Ogino Fumino , Ai Cuoqian , Duo Jie , Sankawa Ushio 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chemistry of Gold in Silicate Glasses: Studies on a Nonthermally Activated Growth of Gold Nanoparticles.
Authors: Eichelbaum Maik , Rademann Klaus , Mueller Ralf , Radtke Martin , Riesemeier Heinrich , Goerner Wolf 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Series of Bisaryl Imidazolidin‐2‐ones Has Shown to be Selective and Orally Active 5‐HT2C Receptor Antagonists.
Authors: Goodacre Caroline J. , et al. et al. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
(4‐Substituted‐phenyl)‐(5H‐10,11‐dihydro‐pyrrolo[2,1‐c] [1,4]benzodiazepin‐10‐yl)‐methanone Derivatives as Vasopressin Receptor Modulators.
Authors: Venkatesan Aranapakam M. , Grosu George T. , Failli Amedeo A. , Chan Peter S. , Coupet Joseph , Saunders Trina , Mazandarani Hussain , Ru Xun 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Recent Achievements in the Synthesis and Application of Inorganic Nanoparticles as Lubricant Components
Authors: Bakunin V. N. , Suslov A. Yu. , Kuzmina G. N. , Parenago O. P. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Baylis—Hillman Reaction and Chemical Transformations of Baylis—Hillman Adducts
Authors: Lee Ka Young , Gowrisankar Saravanan , Kim Jae Nyoung 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes as Highly Efficient Ancillary Ligands in Homogeneous and Immobilized Metathesis Ruthenium Catalytic Systems
Authors: Dragutan Ileana , Dragutan Valerian , Delaude Lionel , Demonceau Albert 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Organosulfur Compounds: Electrophilic Reagents in Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Carbon—Carbon Bond‐Forming Reactions
Authors: Dubbaka Srinivas Reddy , Vogel Pierre 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Mechanism of Microwave—Initiated Reactions
Authors: Zelentsova Nadezda V. , Zelentsov Sergei V. , Semchikov Yuri D. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Ramberg—Baecklund Way to C‐Glycosides
Authors: Belica Peter S. , Berthold Alain , Charles Nikki , Chen Guangwu , Parhi Ajit , Pasetto Paolo , Pu Jun , Yang Cuangli , Franck Richard W. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Unknown biological mixtures evaluation using STR analytical quantification
Authors: Shrestha Sadeep , Strathdee Steffanie A. , Broman Karl W. , Smith Michael W. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractAllelic quantification of STRs, where the presence of three or more alleles represents mixtures, provides a novel method to identify mixtures from unknown biological sources. The allelic stutters resulting in slightly different repeat containing products during fragment amplification can be mistaken for true alleles complicating a simple approach to mixture analysis. An algorithm based on the array of estimated stutters from known samples was developed and tuned to maximize the identification of true nonmixtures through the analysis of three pentanucleotide STRs. Laboratory simulated scenarios of needle sharing generated 58 mixture and 38 nonmixture samples that were blinded for determining the number of alleles. Through developing and applying an algorithm that additively estimates stuttering around the two highest peaks, mixtures and nonmixtures were characterized with sensitivity of 77.5, 82.7 and 58% while maintaining the high specificity of 100, 97.4 and 100 for the W, X, and Z STRs individually. When all three STRs were used collectively, the resulting sensitivity and specificity was 91.4 and 97.4%, respectively. The newly validated approach of using multiple STRs as highly informative biomarkers in unknown sample mixture analyses has potential applications in genetics, forensic science, and epidemiological studies.
Improved methods for carbon adsorption studies for water and wastewater treatment
Authors: Ying Wei‐chi , Zhang Wei , Chang Qi‐gang , Jiang Wen‐xin , Li Guang‐hua 
Published: January 2006

AbstractAn improved method was developed to rank activated carbon in removing organic water pollutants. The simple and standardized evaluation method uses a set of four adsorptive capacity indicators: phenol, iodine, methylene blue, and tannic acid numbers; those four indicator compounds were selected because they cover the molecular size range of most organic water pollutants. An improved microcolumn rapid breakthrough (MCRB) test method was developed from the existing HPMC (high‐pressure minicolumn) and RSSCT (rapid small‐scale column test) methods by simplifying the experimental procedure and using readily available low‐cost pump, sampler, piping, and fittings. This method can be practiced in an ordinary environmental laboratory to select the best carbon, to verify the treatment effectiveness, and to estimate the adsorption treatment cost based on the observed capacity utilization rate for carbon in the adsorber without the problems often encountered with using small and mini traditional columns. The benefits of the four‐parameter carbon selection method and the MCRB method were demonstrated by adsorption isotherm and breakthrough data for several indicator compounds and organic water pollutants. These improved methods will enable efficient carbon adsorption studies necessary for more applications of carbon adsorption technology in water and wastewater treatment. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2006
Using endophenotypes for pathway clusters to map complex disease genes
Authors: Pan Wen‐Harn , Lynn Ke‐Shiuan , Chen Chun‐Houh , Wu Yi‐Lin , Lin Chung‐Yen , Chang Hsing‐Yi 
Published: January 2006

AbstractNature determines the complexity of disease etiology and the likelihood of revealing disease genes. While culprit genes for many monogenic diseases have been successfully unraveled, efforts to map major complex disease genes have not been as productive as hoped. The conceptual framework currently adopted to deal with the heterogeneous nature of complex diseases focuses on using homogeneous internal features of the disease phenotype for mapping. However, phenotypic homogeneity does not equal genotypic homogeneity. In this report, we advocate working with well‐measured phenotypes portrayed by amounts of transcripts and activities of gene products or their metabolites, which are pertinent to relatively small pathway clusters. Reliable and controlled measures for oligogenic traits resulting from proper dissection efforts may enhance statistical power. The large amounts of information obtained on gene and protein expression from technological advances can add to the power of gene finding, particularly for diseases with unclear etiology. Data‐mining tools for dimension reduction can assist biologists to reveal novel molecular endophenotypes. However, there are still hurdles to overcome, including high cost, relatively poor reproducibility and comparability among platforms, the cross‐sectional nature of the information, and the accessibility of human tissues. Concerted efforts are required to carry out large‐scale prospective studies that are integrated at the levels of phenotype characterization, high throughput experimental techniques, data analyses, and beyond. Genet. Epidemiol. 30:143–154, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Temperature and precipitation variability in Italy in the last two centuries from homogenised instrumental time series
Authors: Brunetti Michele , Maugeri Maurizio , Monti Fabio , Nanni Teresa 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe Italian monthly temperature (mean, maximum and minimum) and precipitation secular data set was updated and completely revised. Station density and metadata availability were greatly improved and the series were subjected to a detailed quality control and homogenisation procedure. The data homogenisation is described in detail. The bias affecting original data is quantified by studying the temporal evolution of the mean adjustments applied to the series and examined in the light of the stations history. The results stress the importance of homogenisation in climate change studies.The final data set was clustered into climatically homogeneous regions by means of a Principal Component Analysis. Yearly and seasonal trend analyses were performed both on regional average series and on the mean Italian series. The results highlight a positive trend for mean temperature of about 1 K per century all over Italy; it is generally higher for minimum temperature than for the maximum temperature. The progressive application of trend analysis shows that, in the last 50 years, behaviour is the opposite; the maximum temperature trend being stronger than that of the minimum temperature. This has led to a negative trend in the daily temperature range that for the last 50 years has become positive. Precipitation shows a decreasing tendency, even if low and rarely significant, the negative trend being only 5% per century on a yearly basis. Copyright © 2006 Royal Meteorological Society.
Patterns of response to sensory stimuli encountered in daily activities: a comparison between 3–10‐year‐old Israeli and American children without disabilities
Authors: Neuman Ariela 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which patterns of response of typical children aged 3 to 10 in Israel, as reported in the Sensory Profile (Dunn, 1999), were similar to typical children in the United States. The Sensory Profile is a caregiver questionnaire designed to assess sensory processing abilities. A translated Hebrew version of the Sensory Profile was completed by parents of 714 typically developing children who were recruited from across Israel. The mean scores of the Israeli children were compared to the published mean scores of the American children at the section and factor level to determine whether the scoring system of the Sensory Profile would be applicable for Israeli children. The findings revealed that, in some sections and factor clusters, the scores of Israeli children were lower than the scores of the American children across all ages. Although the Israeli children scored lower, overall, their scores were within the established range of typical performance. Initial support for the application of the scoring system of the Sensory Profile in Israel is suggested. Due to the nature of the sample of Israeli children, future studies are recommended with a national representative sample and with specific disability groups to further validate the clinical use of the Sensory Profile in Israel. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Novel flame‐retardant thermosets: Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A as a curing agent of boron‐containing phenolic resins
Authors: Martín C. , Ronda J. C. , Cádiz V. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractBoron‐containing novolac resins were synthesized by the modification of a commercial novolac resin with different contents of bis(benzo‐1,3,2‐dioxaborolanyl)oxide. These novolac resins were crosslinked with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), and their thermal, thermodynamomechanical, and flame‐retardant properties were evaluated. The boron‐containing novolac resins were less thermally stable than the unmodified novolac resin. Their modification degree and DGEBA content were related to the crosslinking density of the materials. The boron‐containing novolac resins generated boric acid at high temperatures and gave an intumescent char that slowed down the degradation and prevented it from being total. They also showed good flame‐retardant properties. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 1701–1710, 2006
An Application of QM‐QSAR to Predict and Rationalize the Refractive Index of a Wide Variety of Simple Organic/Organosilicon Molecules
Authors: Holder Andrew J. , Ye Lin , Eick J. David , Chappelow Cecil C. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe Refractive Index (RI) is a basic optical property of organic matter. In our research on dental restorative materials, RI values of monomers are important, since they affect the penetration of initiating light pulses into the forming matrix. This paper addresses the development of a general Quantum‐Mechanically based Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship (QMQSAR) for the RI of small molecules. SAM1 is the semiempirical method used to calculate molecular properties. A training set of 75 varied molecules was used to derive the final QSAR model, which included descriptors quantifying the contributions of the relative numbers of carbon atoms and the α polarizability of the molecule. The coefficient of correlation was R2=0.924, and the other indicators of quality were within acceptable limits. The model demonstrated extensibility beyond the training set by predicting the refractive index of 29 molecules with an R2=0.913. The signed error, unsigned error and RMSE are −0.0049, 0.01412, and 0.0167 respectively. Comparison was made to existing models in the literature.
The Use of the Doolittle Method in Obtaining Related Multiple Correlation Coefficients
Authors: Kurtz Albert K. 
Published: January 2006

It is well known that at the present time the Doolittle method is one of the most efficient methods of computing the multiple correlation coefficient between a criterion and several independent variables.This presentation calls attention to an extremely simple modification of the Doolittle method by means of which (a) a single forward solution will supply all the data necessary for multiple correlation coefficients instead of the usual one, or (b) the multiple correlation between each of several criteria and the same set of independent variables may be obtained with only a little more work than is needed to obtain the multiple correlation between these independent variables and a single criterion. It is even possible to compute the multiple correlation between several independent variables and a criterion; and then to regard one of the former independent variables as a second criterion and compute the correlation between the remaining independent variables and the new criterion. In all these cases the number of back solutions is equal to the number of multiple correlation coefficients desired, but a single forward solution suffices.
Some Properties of the Communality in Multiple Factor Theory
Authors: Roff Merrill 
Published: January 2006

Several theorems concerning properties of the communaltiy of a test in the Thurstone multiple factor theory are established. The following theorems are applicable to a battery of n tests which are describable in terms of r common factors, with orthogonal reference vectors.1. The communality of a test j is equal to the square of the multiple correlation of test j with the r reference vectors.2. The communality of a test j is equal to the square of the multiple correlation of test j with the r reference vectors and the n—1 remaining tests.Corollary: The square of the multiple correlation of a test j with the n—1 remaining tests is equal to or less than the communality of test j. It cannot exceed the communality.3. The square of the multiple correlation of a test j with the n—1 remaining tests equals the communality of test j if the group of tests contains r statistically independent ests teach with a communality of unity.4. With correlation coefficients corrected for attenuation, when the number of tests increases indefinitely while the rank of the correlational matrix remains unchanged, the communality of a test j equals the square of the multiple correlation of test j with the n—1 remaining tests.5. With raw correlation coefficients, it is shown in a special case that the square of the multiple correlation of a test j with the n—1 remaining tests approaches the communality of test j as a limit when the number of tests increases indefinitely while the rank of correlational matrix remains the same. This has not yet been proved for the general case.