bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Platelet‐Rich Plasma on Wound Healing in Rabbits
Authors: Lee Hung‐Wen , Reddy Michael S. , Geurs Nicolaas , Palcanis Kent G. , Lemons Jack E. , Rahemtulla Firoz G. , Ho Kang‐Jey , Chen Dung‐Tsa , Davis Cara R. , Feldman Dale S. 
Published: April 2008

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate if the healing of full‐thickness skin wounds was accelerated by platelet‐rich plasma (PRP).Methods: Four 2.5 × 2.5‐cm full‐thickness skin wounds were created on the backs of 15 New Zealand white rabbits. One wound on each animal received 0.3, 0.6, or 0.9 ml PRP, and the fourth wound served as a control. Seven and eight animals were sacrificed after 1 or 2 weeks, respectively, to determine histomorphometrically the epithelialization rate, contraction rate, healing rate, tissue fill, and volume fractions of fibroblasts, neutrophils, macrophages, and blood vessels.Results: Only the 0.6‐ and 0.9‐ml groups had significantly lower contraction rates than the controls after 2 weeks (P <0.05). Although no statistically significant differences were found in other parameters between the PRP‐treated wounds and the controls, the PRP treatment led to increases in average epithelialization rates and volume fraction of blood vessels at both time periods. The PRP also seemed to have the most positive effect on healing rate, tissue fill, and volume fraction of fibroblasts during week 1 compared to week 2.Conclusions: The PRP treatment enhanced healing in full‐thickness wounds by reducing the contraction rate with a trend toward acceleration of the epithelial migration and the angiogenic response. Further studies with larger sample sizes should be conducted to improve statistical sensitivity. Longer time intervals and modifications of PRP volume should also be explored to evaluate the long‐term efficacy of PRP on wound healing.
Interleukin‐6 Polymorphisms Are Associated With Pathogenic Bacteria in Subjects With Periodontitis
Authors: Nibali Luigi , Tonetti Maurizio S. , Ready Derren , Parkar Mohamed , Brett Peter M. , Donos Nikos , D'Aiuto Francesco 
Published: April 2008

Background: Growing evidence suggests that individual genetic susceptibility may influence the host's response to infections. Previously, we showed that a common variation in the interleukin (IL)‐6 gene was associated with increased odds of detection of common periodontal pathogens from individuals with aggressive periodontitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between IL‐6 polymorphisms and periodontopathogenic bacteria in a larger, ethnically mixed population of subjects with periodontitis.Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from 107 subjects diagnosed with severe forms of periodontitis to study a cluster of polymorphisms in inflammatory genes, including IL‐6. The presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans), Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Tannerella forsythia (previously T. forsythensis) in their subgingival biofilm was determined by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Serum IL‐6 and C‐reactive protein (CRP) concentrations were analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.Results: Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the IL‐6 −6106 polymorphism was associated with the detection of A. actinomycetemcomitans (P = 0.009; odds ratio [OR] = 3.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.38 to 9.16) and the concomitant detection of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis (P = 0.015; OR = 3.6; 95% CI: 1.28 to 10.04). The IL‐6 −174 polymorphism was associated with increased odds of the concomitant detection of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis (P = 0.042; OR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.04 to 7.75). Haplotype analysis of all five IL‐6 polymorphisms confirmed an association with the detection of A. actinomycetemcomitans (P = 0.046). The IL‐6 −6106 polymorphism was also associated with CRP serum levels at multivariate analysis (P = 0.024).Conclusions: These findings confirm the hypothesis that complex interactions between the microbiota and host genome are at the basis of susceptibility to periodontitis. Periodontal disease may represent a useful model to study the pathways and mechanisms of host–pathogen interactions in inflammatory diseases.
Effect of Platelet‐Rich Plasma on the Healing of Intrabony Defects Treated With Beta Tricalcium Phosphate and Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene Membranes
Authors: Döri Ferenc , Huszár Tamás , Nikolidakis Dimitris , Tihanyi Dora , Horváth Attila , Arweiler Nicole B. , Gera István , Sculean Anton 
Published: April 2008

Background: Regenerative periodontal therapy using platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) and different types of bone substitutes with or without guided tissue regeneration (GTR) has been proposed as a modality to enhance the outcome of regenerative surgery. However, there are limited data from controlled clinical studies evaluating the effect of PRP on the healing of deep intrabony defects treated with a combination of bone substitutes and GTR. The aim of this study was to clinically evaluate the effect of PRP on the healing of deep intrabony defects treated with beta tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) and GTR by means of a non‐bioresorbable expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane.Methods: Twenty‐eight subjects with advanced chronic periodontal disease and displaying one intrabony defect were treated randomly with a combination of PRP + β‐TCP + GTR or β‐TCP + GTR. Plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing depth (PD), gingival recession, and clinical attachment level (CAL) were evaluated at baseline and at 1 year after treatment. CAL was the primary outcome variable.Results: No differences in any of the investigated parameters were observed at baseline between the two groups. Healing was uneventful in all subjects. At 1 year after therapy, the sites treated with PRP + β‐TCP + GTR showed a reduction in mean PD from 9.1 ± 0.6 mm to 3.3 ± 0.5 mm (P <0.001) and a change in mean CAL from 10.1 ± 1.3 mm to 5.7 ± 1.1 mm (P <0.001). In the group treated with β‐TCP + GTR, mean PD was reduced from 9.0 ± 0.8 mm to 3.6 ± 0.9 mm (P <0.001), and the mean CAL changed from 9.9 ± 1.0 mm to 5.9 ± 1.2 mm (P <0.001). In both groups, all sites gained ≥3 mm of CAL. CAL gains ≥4 mm were noted in 86% (12 of 14 defects) of the cases treated with PRP + β‐TCP + GTR and in 79% (11 of 14 defects) of those treated with β‐TCP + GTR. No statistically significant differences in any of the investigated parameters were observed between the two groups at the 1‐year reevaluation.Conclusion: At 1 year after surgery, both therapies resulted in significant PD reductions and CAL gains.
Improved Cooperation Between Service Company and Operator for Faster Development of Better Tools
Authors: Koenig M. , McLaughlin S. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
The present paper describes the prize to be gained when thorough feedback and co-operation between operator and service company are made a priority during the application of new tools in the oilfield. A real life example is provided to highlight how solution driven discussion and prompt detailed data sharing can enable service companies to develop new tools faster and cheaper to satisfy operator needs of tool reliability and accuracy.
In July 2007, BP field-tested the impact tool during a memory PLT campaign in an onshore oilfield, UK. The impact tool is a memory gauge that is capable of logging downhole P/T information, tool-string angle and bi-directional impact resulting from jarring activities.
While this trial was the first-time run of this tool within BP, across the industry it was the third application just in the North Sea. Yet during the job it became obvious that there was a need for further improvement of the tool in areas of tool function and set-up. Intensive discussion with the tool-provider on future enhancements of the tool commenced while operations were still going on. Based on this close co-operation, the vendor was able to develop solutions and implement them in the tool within weeks.
The paper will provide insights into the project planning, share the relevant details of the operational phase and conclude with the obtained learning which lead to the enhancement of the impact tool. Since implementation of the modifications, the tool has shown excellent results and outstanding performance in recent field-operations.
In vitro evaluation of the effect of trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid on phagocytosis by canine peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes exposed to methylprednisolone sodium succinate
Authors: Kang Ji-Houn , Yang Mhan-Pyo 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Objective—To examine whether in vitro treatment with trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12-CLA) restores the phagocytic capacity and oxidative burst activity (OBA) of canine polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes (PMNs) exposed to methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS).
Sample Population—Peripheral blood PMNs obtained from 12 healthy Beagles.
Procedures—The experimental design involved administration of a high dose of MPSS, which is the recommended protocol for dogs with acute spinal cord injury. To evaluate PMN function, blood samples were collected from dogs before IV injections of doses of MPSS or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (time 0) and 2, 12, and 24 hours after injections ceased. Polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes were isolated from blood samples and incubated with t10c12-CLA alone or t10c12-CLA in combination with N-acetylcysteine (an antioxidant agent). Phagocytic capacity and OBA were measured simultaneously by use of flow cytometry.
Results—The phagocytic capacity and OBA of PMNs were suppressed by IV injection of MPSS and restored 12 hours after injection ceased. In vitro treatment with t10c12-CLA enhanced the phagocytic capacity and OBA of PMNs, regardless of whether dogs had been treated with MPSS. Effects of t10c12-CLA on OBA were detected only when phagocytosis was stimulated by microspheres. Use of N-acetylcysteine attenuated the stimulatory effects of t10c12-CLA.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Exposure to t10c12-CLA enhanced the phagocytic capacity and OBA of canine PMNs, and this effect may have involved t10c12-CLA–induced generation of reactive oxygen species.
Effects of small intestinal ischemia and reperfusion on expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 messenger RNAs in the jejunum, liver, and lungs of dogs
Authors: Nezu Yoshinori , Nezu Yoko , Shigihara Kae , Harada Yasuji , Yogo Takuya , Hara Yasushi , Tagawa Masahiro 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Objective—To determine the effects of intestinal ischemia and reperfusion on the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 mRNAs in the jejunum, liver, and lungs of dogs.
Animals—8 healthy adult Beagles.
Procedures—In each dog, the cranial mesenteric artery was occluded for 0 (control group; n = 4) or 60 (I-R group; 4) minutes, followed by reperfusion for 480 minutes; serum TNF-α and IL-6 activities and expression levels of TNF-α and IL-6 mRNAs in jejunal, hepatic, and lung tissues were measured before and at the end of the ischemic period and at intervals during reperfusion. For each variable, values were compared between the control and I-R groups at each time point.
Results—Compared with the control group, serum IL-6 activity increased significantly after 180 minutes of reperfusion in the I-R group; also, jejunal TNF-α mRNA expression increased significantly after 60 (peak) and 180 minutes of reperfusion. In the I-R group, expressions of IL-6 mRNA in the liver and TNF-α and IL-6 mRNAs in the lungs increased significantly at 480 minutes of reperfusion, compared with the control group. Serum TNF-α activity, expression of IL-6 mRNA in the jejunum, and expression of TNF-α mRNA in the liver in the control and I-R groups did not differ.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that the liver, lungs, and jejunum contributed to the production of TNF-α and IL-6 after intestinal ischemia and reperfusion in dogs, suggesting that intestinal ischemia and reperfusion induce a systemic proinflammatory cytokine response in dogs.
Biological activity of dihydroartemisinin in canine osteosarcoma cell lines
Authors: Hosoya Kenji , Murahari Sridhar , Laio Albert , London Cheryl A. , Couto C. Guillermo , Kisseberth William C. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the biological activity of dihydroartemisinin on canine osteosarcoma cell lines in vitro.
Sample Population—4 canine osteosarcoma cell lines.
Procedures—Cell viability assays were performed on canine osteosarcoma cell lines OSCA2, OSCA16, OSCA50, and D17 after 24, 48, and 72 hours of treatment with dihydroartemisinin at concentrations of 0.1 to 100μM. Apoptosis was assessed by use of an ELISA for free nuclosomal DNA fragmentation and by western blot analysis for cleavage of caspase 3. Cell cycle analysis was performed by use of staining with propidium iodide and flow cytometry. Detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was conducted in the D17 cell line by use of 6-carboxy-2′,7′-dihydrofluorescein diacetate and flow cytometry.
Results—The concentration of dihydroartemisinin required for 50% inhibition of cell viability (IC50) was achieved in all 4 canine osteosarcoma cell lines and ranged from 8.7 to 43.6μM. Induction of apoptosis was evident as an increase in nucleosomal DNA fragmentation, cleavage of caspase 3, and an increase in the population in the sub G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle detected by flow cytometry. Exposure to dihydroartemisinin also resulted in a decrease in the G0/G1 population. Iron-dependent generation of ROS was detected in dihydroartemisinin-treated D17 cells; ROS generation increased in a dose-dependent manner.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Incubation with dihydroartemisinin resulted in biological activity against canine osteosarcoma cell lines, which included induction of apoptosis and arrest of the cell cycle. Clinical trials of dihydroartemisinin in dogs with osteosarcoma should be conducted.
Pharmacokinetics of remifentanil in conscious cats and cats anesthetized with isoflurane
Authors: Pypendop Bruno H. , Brosnan Robert J. , Siao Kristine T. , Stanley Scott D. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Objective—To characterize the pharmacokinetics of remifentanil in conscious cats and cats anesthetized with isoflurane.
Animals—6 cats.
Procedures—Remifentanil (1 μg/kg/min for 5 minutes) was administered IV in conscious cats or cats anesthetized with 1.63% isoflurane in oxygen in a randomized crossover design. Blood samples were obtained immediately prior to remifentanil administration and every minute for 10 minutes, every 2 minutes for 10 minutes, and every 5 minutes for 10 minutes after the beginning of the infusion. Blood was immediately transferred to tubes containing citric acid, flash frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at −80°C until analysis. Blood remifentanil concentration was determined by use of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Remifentanil concentration-time data were fitted to compartment models.
Results—A 2-compartment model (with zero-order input because of study design) best described the disposition of remifentanil in awake and isoflurane-anesthetized cats. The apparent volume of distribution of the central compartment, the apparent volume of distribution at steady state, the clearance, and the terminal half-life (median [range]) were 1,596 (1,164 to 2,111) and 567 (278 to 641) mL/kg, 7,632 (2,284 to 76,039) and 1,651 (446 to 29,229) mL/kg, 766 (408 to 1,473) and 371 (197 to 472) mL/min/kg, and 17.4 (5.5 to 920.3) and 15.7 (3.8 to 410.3) minutes in conscious and anesthetized cats, respectively.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The disposition of remifentanil in cats was characterized by a high clearance. Isoflurane anesthesia significantly decreased the volume of the central compartment, likely by decreasing blood flow to vessel-rich organs.
Pyogranulomatous cystitis associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection in a cat after renal transplantation
Authors: Nordquist Barbro C. , Aronson Lillian R. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Case Description—An 8-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat was evaluated for azotemia and a suspected mass in the urinary bladder 6 weeks after receiving a renal transplant. Ultrasonography revealed a mass at the ureteroneocystostomy site, and the mass was excised. Both the donor and recipient cats were seronegative for Toxoplasma gondii–specific IgG antibodies prior to transplantation.
Clinical Findings—Histologic evaluation of the mass revealed lesions indicative of extensive necrotizing pyogranulomatous cystitis with numerous intralesional T gondii tachyzoites and bradyzoite cysts.
Treatment and Outcome—Treatment with clindamycin was initiated; however, the cat's clinical condition continued to decline, and it was euthanized 9 days after the mass was excised. Necropsy revealed T gondii cysts within the renal allograft and the transplanted ureter, with no evidence of systemic spread of organisms.
Clinical Relevance—Toxoplasmosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis for azotemia in feline renal transplant recipients regardless of the results of assays for T gondii antibodies in the serum of donors or recipients. This report illustrated the need for improved screening of donor and recipient cats and the importance of minimizing exposure to potential sources of T gondii after transplantation.
Effects of study design and analysis on the spatial community structure detected by multiscale ordination
Authors: Schlup Barbara M. , Wagner Helene H. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractQuestion:What are the effects of different aspects of data collection and analysis on the spatial partitioning of ordination results by multiscale ordination?Locations:Heterogeneous pasture at Marchairuz in the Jura mountains, Switzerland and Mixed hardwood‐pine forest in Oostings Natural Area, NC, USA.Methods:We evaluated the efficiency of different sampling designs for identifying the spatial structure of plant communities and analysed two datasets with multiscale ordination. We compared the effects of quadrat size, the number of species included in the analysis, data type, detrending and ordination method on the shape and precision of the community variogram summarizing spatial community structure.Results:A three‐block sampling design provided a more even distribution of the number of pairs of observation per distance class than random, transect or grid designs. The precision of variogram estimates depended more strongly on the number of species than on the number of quadrats. In contrast, the choice of data type (abundance transformation) had little influence on the shape of the variogram. Detrending reduced the range of spatial autocorrelation. An increase in quadrat size resulted in a smoother variogram and stronger spatial autocorrelation. Principal components analysis (PCA) and Redundancy analysis (RDA) resulted in a larger range of spatial autocorrelation values than did Correspondence analysis (CA) and Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), but the shape of the variograms was similar.Conclusion:Random samples as well as transects and regular grids may not be efficient sampling designs for spatial analysis of community structure. While the number of species considered strongly affects the precision of a community variogram, its shape depends on the size of the sampling units. Earlier studies may have overestimated the spatial scale of internal organization in plant communities.
Rare interstitial deletion 9q31.2 to q33.1 de novo: Longitudinal study in a patient over a period of more than 20 years
Authors: Gamerdinger Ulrike , Eggermann Thomas , Schubert Regine , Schwanitz Gesa , Kreiß‐Nachtsheim Martina 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe female carrier of a de novo interstitial deletion 9q [karyotype 46,XX,del(9)(q31.2q33.1)] was followed up over a period of more than 20 years. She shows facial dysmorphisms and significant growth retardation. Motor abilities are restricted by muscular hypotonia and malposition of the feet. She has mental retardation. There was no speech development and phases of autism were reported. By analyses with FISH and short tandem repeat markers, the interstitial deletion was confirmed and characterized to span 9q31.2q33.1, comprising at least 7.07 Mb. The aberration is of paternal origin. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Problems in determination of skeletal lead burden in archaeological samples: An example from the First African Baptist Church population
Authors: Wittmers L.E. , Aufderheide A.C. , Pounds J.G. , Jones K.W. , Angel J.L. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractHuman bone lead content has been demonstrated to be related to socioeconomic status, occupation and other social and environmental correlates. Skeletal tissue samples from 135 individuals from an early nineteenth century Philadelphia cemetery (First African Baptist Church) were studied by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and X‐ray fluorescence for lead content. High bone lead levels led to investigation of possible diagenetic effects. These were investigated by several different approaches including distribution of lead within bone by X‐ray fluorescence, histological preservation, soil lead concentration and acidity as well as location and depth of burial. Bone lead levels were very high in children, exceeding those of the adult population that were buried in the cemetery, and also those of present day adults. The antemortem age‐related increase in bone lead, reported in other studies, was not evidenced in this population. Lead was evenly deposited in areas of taphonomic bone destruction. Synchrotron X‐ray fluorescence studies revealed no consistent pattern of lead microdistribution within the bone. Our conclusions are that postmortem diagenesis of lead ion has penetrated these archaeological bones to a degree that makes their original bone lead content irretrievable by any known method. Increased bone porosity is most likely responsible for the very high levels of lead found in bones of newborns and children. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Non‐invasive mass transfer measurements in complex biofilm‐coated structures
Authors: Graf von der Schulenburg D.A. , Akpa B.S. , Gladden L.F. , Johns M.L. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWe demonstrate a novel application of 13C pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR to monitor mass transfer, due to both flow and diffusion, in a 3D complex porous support structure modified by biofilm growth. This enables timescales an order of magnitude larger than previously possible to be accessed with respect to displacement probability distribution (propagator) measurements. The evolution in the propagator shape with observation time to the Gaussian asymptote (constant dispersion coefficient) is consequently well resolved. We also simulated the measured displacement propagators with good agreement between experiment and prediction. The methodology has significant potential for the selective characterization of the transport of nutrients, metabolic products, pollutants and biocides in such complex biofilm‐containing structures. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;101: 602–608. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.