bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel 2.4 GHz and 6.8 GHz dual‐band transmitter using defected ground structure
Authors: Chen Xiaoqun , Shi Xiaowei , Guo Yuchun , Xiao Changmin 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA novel dual‐band module transmitter is presented in this article. It works as a power amplifier at 2.4 GHz that satisfies the 802.11b/g wireless LAN standard and performs as an active frequency doubler at 6.8 GHz with the stop band characteristics of defected ground structure (DGS). The equivalent circuit unit and the stop band characteristics of the microstrip DGS are analyzed and simulated. For the proposed transmitter, second harmonic suppression is below −52.6 dBc in the amplifier mode, and fundamental suppression is below −41 dBc in the frequency doubler mode. It achieves 13.7 dBm of P1 dB and its gain is 16.5 dB at amplifier mode, and its maximum output is 7.8 dBm at 6.8 GHz in frequency double mode. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 3225–3228, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23935
Experimental validation of percolation‐based models for propagation prediction
Authors: Azaro R. , Martini A. , Massa A. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn this letter, an experimental validation of percolation‐based approaches for the prediction of wave propagation in random media is presented. Measurements are collected in a real controlled environment, where the obstacles are stochastically placed in a two‐dimensional grid according to a known nonuniform density distribution. The obtained results show that, in spite of their simplicity, percolation‐based approaches can be applied in real propagation problems. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 3190–3192, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23937
Antenna miniaturization with ferrite ferroelectric composites
Authors: Petrov R. V. , Tatarenko A. S. , Srinivasan G. , Mantese J. V. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA magneto‐dielectric composite with nickel zinc ferrite and bismuth strontium titanate has been synthesized and characterized in terms of permeability and permittivity and used as substrates for antenna miniaturization. The objective was to achieve high‐ and equal permeability and permittivity for antenna miniaturization and impedance matching to free‐space. Studies on antennas operating at 100 MHz indicate low‐losses and a miniaturization factor of 7–10, in agreement with theory. But a 1.3 GHz microstrip antenna on the composite substrate, however, shows high losses and miniaturization by a factor of 3. Theoretical estimates on antenna properties are compared with data. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 3154–3157, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23939
Loaded frequency selective surfaces using substrate integrated waveguide technology
Authors: Xu Rong‐Rong , Zong Zhi‐Yuan , Yang Guo , Wu Wen 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn this article, a novel miniaturized frequency selective surface (FSS) is presented, in which each periodic cell consists of a ring slot resonator loaded with four ceramic chip capacitors for reducing the cell size. To eliminate the undesired coupling between unit cells, the unit cell is placed in the substrate integrated waveguide cavity structure. A S‐band bandpass FSS with such structures is designed and fabricated, both simulated and measured results show that the proposed FSS provides high transmission at 2.45 GHz and there is no other frequency resonance up to 15 GHz. Also, it has very good stability to oblique incidence. Furthermore, the dimension of the proposed FSS is miniaturized to 0.083λ0 (λ0 refer to the resonant wavelength). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 3149–3152, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23945
Biochemical screening for neuroblastoma in infants: A feasibility study
Authors: Craft A. W. , Dale G. , McGill A. , Seviour J. , Spence E. M. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractNeuroblastoma is the most common solid tumour of childhood with an incidence of about 1:10,000 births. Prognosis depends on age and stage at presentation and for disseminated disease presenting after the age of 1 year has scarcely altered at all in the past 20 years. In Japan a method has been pioneered of mass population screening of 6‐month‐old babies using a urine test for the catecholamine metabolites vanillylmandelic acid and homovanillic acid. They have been able to detect the majority of cases at 6 months and have improved the overall prognosis from 25% to 75% survival. A pilot study to assess the feasibility of such a study in the UK has been carried out in the north of England. Methodology has been established for the collection of urine by health visitors and biochemical analysis by gas chromatography with both flame ionisation and mass spectrometry detection; 4,897 samples have been collected, and reference ranges have been established.
Long‐term results in the treatment of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia: A pediatric oncology group study
Authors: Krischer Jeffrey P. , Steuber C. Philip , Vietti Teresa J. , Culbert Steven J. , Ragab Abdelsalam H. , Morgan Samuel K. , Berry D. H. , Hvizdala Eva , Thomas Paul J. , Land Vita J. , Castleberry Robert P. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractComplete remission (CR), 5‐year remission duration (RD), and overall 5‐year survival rates are 74%, 28%, and 25%, respectively, for previously untreated children with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia diagnosed between 1977 and 1981, following induction therapy with vincristine, doxorubicin and prednisone (VAP), consolidation therapy with 6‐thioguanine, cytosine arabinoside (TA) and cyclophosphamide/vincristine/cytosine arabinoside/prednisone (COAP), and maintenance therapy of alternating TA and COAP with or without VAP pulses. Approximately 20% are free of their disease for more than 5 years. High white blood cell counts (WBC) at diagnosis and M3 and M6 morphology were associated with lower CR rates, while M5 morphology was associated with higher CR rates. Patients with M1 morphology had shorter remission duration as compared to those with M4 or M5 morphology. Low WBC and age between 2 and 10 years at diagnosis were associated with longer remission durations and survival. Patients with M4 morphology also survived longer. The observed CR rates are comparable to other studies initiated at the same time as this study but survival is less than those reported more recently. Low WBC at diagnosis and M4/M5 morphology may identify relatively favorable prognostic groups.
Oral mucositis and salivary methotrexate concentration in intermediate‐dose methotrexate therapy for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Ishii Eiichi , Yamada Shin‐Ichi , Higuchi Shun , Honjo Tetsu , Igarashi Hisaji , Kanemitsu Satomi , Kai Takashi , Ueda Kohji 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe relationship between salivary methotrexate (MTX) concentration and severity of oral mucositis after administration of MTX was investigated in six children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. They received two administrations of MTX at 500 mg/m2 with one third given bolusly and the remainder by 24‐hour continuous infusion. No significant difference among patients or administration session was observed in serum MTX concentration. Detectable concentrations of salivary MTX (> 0.01 μM) were observed during nine of the ten infusions. A concentration of 0.1 μM or more, apparently lasting at least 12 hours, was observed during one infusion and followed by severe mucositis. During two of the ten infusions for different patients, concentrations of 0.04 to 0.07 μM and 0.02 to 0.04 μM, apparently lasting at least 12 and 18 hours, respectively, were observed, followed by moderate mucositis. During the other seven infusions, either much shorter or no increase in salivary MTX concentration was observed, with only mild or no subsequent mucositis. Analysis by Kendall's rank method showed a statistical correlation between concentration at 6 hours of infusion and severity of oral mucositis. The findings suggest that the early secretion of MTX into saliva has a significant role in the development of oral mucositis in leukemic children.
Continuous infusion of recombinant interleukin‐2 and lymphokine‐activated killer cells in refractory malignancies
Authors: Christiansen Neal P. , Kennedy B. J. , Ochoa Augusto C. , Skubitz Keith M. , Bach Fritz H. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAdoptive immunotherapy with recombinant interleukin‐2 (rlL‐2) and lymphokineactivated killer (LAK) cells has been reported to effect the regression of tumor in patients with a variety of malignancies. Responses have occurred in patients treated with highdose bolus rlL2 as well as lower‐dose continuous intravenous infusion. Ten patients who had been extensively pretreated with systemic chemotherapy with or without additional radiation therapy were treated with continuous infusion rlL2 and LAK cells. Five patients received rlL2 alone for 96‐120 hours prior to leukapheresis in addition to rlL2 at the time of LAK cell infusion. Three patients received LAK cells that had been cultured for 14 days in an automated tissue culture system. No responses were seen in this tenpatient cohort. While the lack of response in these patients may be related to any one or more of several variables, patients who have been heavily pretreated may not respond as well as patients who have received little to no systemic chemotherapy.
Eight‐drugs‐in‐one‐day chemotherapy in postirradiated adult patients with malignant gliomas
Authors: Rozental Jack M. , Robins H. Ian , Finlay Jonathan , Healey Barbara , Levin Allan B. , Steeves Richard A. , Kohler Peter C. , Schutta Henry S. , Trump Donald L. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractFifteen patients, 12 with glioblastoma multiforme and 3 with anaplastic astrocytoma, were treated with “eight‐drugs‐in‐one‐day” chemotherapy methylprednisolone 300 mg/m2, vincristine 1.5 mg/m2 (maximum of 2 mg/cycle), CCNU 75 mg/m2, procarbazine 75 mg/m2, hydroxyurea 3,000 mg/m2, cisplatin 90 mg/m2, cytosine arabinoside 300 mg/m2, and imidazole carboxamide 150 mg/m2. All patients had prior brain irradiation but none had previous chemotherapy. The population included 10 patients with progressive disease after irradiation and 5 who presented within 2 months of completing radiation. Patients received an average of 5 monthly cycles of chemotherapy. Three patients achieved a complete and 2 a partial response (CR + PRrate was 33%). The median survival time was 46 weeks, Myelosuppression was the doselimiting toxicity. Leucocyte counts between 2.0‐4.5 × 103/mm3 were observed in 40% of patients, between 1.0‐<2.0 × 103/mm3 in 33%, and < 1.0 × 103/mm3 in 7%. Platelet counts between 50‐130 × 103/mm3 were observed in 27% of patients, and < 50 × 103/mm3 in 33%. Six patients suffered infections, 4 had reversible renal toxicity, 2 developed paresthesias, and one a debilitating myopathy related to treatment with dexamethasone. Ototoxicity was seen in 3 patients. Two patients developed pulmonary emboli. Nine patients had nausea and vomiting, in one case associated with Candida esophagitis. One long‐term survivor developed necrosis of the corpus callosum and dementia. Four patients discontinued treatment after an average of 3.5 cycles because of toxicity. Although extremely toxic, this regimen has modest activity in previously irradiated adult patients with malignant glioma.
Lung cancer in childhood
Authors: Epstein David M. , Aronchick Judith M. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA 16‐year‐old boy had unresolving right lower lobe consolidation due to primary adenocarcinoma of the lung. Lung cancer is rare in children, is usually adenocarcinoma or undifferentiated histology, and frequently presents with advanced disease. It may be confused with atelectasis attributable to a foreign body or bronchial adenoma, plasma cell granuloma, pulmonary sequestration, or chronic infection. We review the clinical features of pediatric lung cancer and differences in lung cancer between children and adults.
Successful treatment of a radiation‐associated extradural osteosarcoma with chemotherapy in an adolescent girl
Authors: Kellie Stewart J. , Hutchison Robert E. , Robertson James T. , Pratt Charles B. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBone sarcomas are the most common second malignant neoplasms in survivors of a malignant solid tumor in childhood. In contrast to de novo tumors, secondary bone cancers are typically associated with a poor prognosis, reflecting both a preponderance of primary sites that preclude complete resection in the flat bones of the axial skeleton, and the tendency for local invasiveness or distant metastasis. We describe a patient who developed malignant extradural osteosarcoma of the temporal bone 6 years after successful treatment for a malignant cerebellar astrocytoma with surgical resection and local irradiation. A complete resection of the sarcoma was not possible; however, she achieved a biopsy‐proven complete response after intensive chemotherapy with ifosfamide, followed by cisplatin and doxorubicin. At age 13, she remains free of recurrence 3 years after completing all therapy. In view of the rarity of prolonged disease control after incomplete resection for osteosarcoma, this report suggests the value of intensive combination chemotherapy in achieving a durable unmaintained remission in our patient.
Acute vincristine neurotoxicity in the presence of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type I
Authors: McGuire Stephen A. , Gospe Sidney M. , Dahl Gary 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAcute vincristine neurotoxicity leading to a severe motor and sensory neuropathy has been noted in patients with hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type I (HMSN‐I). The case of a 2‐year‐old boy with acute lymphocytic leukemia and HMSN‐I is reported, and additional cases from the literature are reviewed. Severe vincristine neurotoxicity in patients with HMSN‐I may be secondary to impairment of both slow andfast axonal transport. Vincristine should be used with caution in patients with a family history of polyneuropathy.
Double autologous bone marrow transplantation for acute myelogenous leukemia in a patient treated for Hodgkin's disease
Authors: Russell J. A. , Jones A. R. , Houwen B. , Poon M.‐C. , Ruether B. A. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA 30‐year‐old man developed acute myelogenous leukemia nearly 3 years after treatment of Hodgkin's disease with radiation and three chemotherapy combinations. Remission was induced with one cycle of highdose Ara‐C therapy. Three cycles of consolidation chemotherapy were given. The patient then had two autologous bone marrow transplants, the first after conditioning with 5 Gy total body irradiation, the second after Melphalan 140 mg/m2. The procedures were well tolerated, although hematological reconstitution was very slow after the second autotransplant. The patient has been disease‐free for over 4 years. Such patients may be more vulnerable to transplant‐related complications because of their previous exposure to chemotherapy and radiation, which may damage several organs including the bone marrow. This report demonstrates that patients with secondary acute myelogenous leukemia may tolerate a double autotransplant procedure and achieve durable remissions.
Clinical features of late‐onset Pompe disease: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Wokke John H.J. , Escolar Diana M. , Pestronk Alan , Jaffe Kenneth M. , Carter Gregory T. , van den Berg Leonard H. , Florence Julaine M. , Mayhew Jill , Skrinar Alison , Corzo Deyanira , Laforet Pascal 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe objective of this 12‐month study was to describe the clinical features of late‐onset Pompe disease and identify appropriate outcome measures for use in clinical trials. Assessments included quantitative muscle testing (QMT), functional activities (FAA), 6‐min walk test (6MWT), and pulmonary function testing (PFT). Percent predicted values indicated quantifiable upper and lower extremity weakness, impaired walking ability, and respiratory muscle weakness. Significant declines in arm and leg strength and pulmonary function were observed during the study period. The outcome measures were demonstrated to be safe and reliable. Symptom duration was identified as the best predictor of the extent of skeletal and respiratory muscle weakness. Muscle Nerve 38: 1236–1245, 2008
American Association of Neuromuscular & Electrodiagnostic Medicine evidenced‐based review: Use of surface electromyography in the diagnosis and study of neuromuscular disorders
Authors: Meekins Gregg D. , So Yuen , Quan Dianna 
Published: September 2008

AbstractSurface electromyography (sEMG) measures myoelectrical signals recorded from sensors placed on the skin surface. The non‐invasive nature of sEMG makes it a potentially useful technology for studying diseases of muscle and nerve. Reviews published by the American Association of Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine (AANEM) and the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology (AAN), covering 1964–1994 and 1952–1998, respectively, concluded that sEMG adds no clinical utility over conventional needle EMG (nEMG) for the diagnosis of neuromuscular disease. The AANEM sEMG task force reevaluated the diagnostic utility and added value of this technology for the study of neuromuscular disease based on a contemporary review of relevant literature published between January 1994 and February 2006. The present review concludes that sEMG may be useful to detect the presence of neuromuscular disease (level C rating, class III data), but there are insufficient data to support its utility for distinguishing between neuropathic and myopathic conditions or for the diagnosis of specific neuromuscular diseases. sEMG may be useful for additional study of fatigue associated with post‐poliomyelitis syndrome and electromechanical function in myotonic dystrophy (level C rating, class III data). Muscle Nerve 38: 1219–1224, 2008
Axial myoclonus in paraproteinemic polyneuropathy
Authors: Vetrugno Roberto , Liguori Rocco , D'Alessandro Roberto , D'Angelo Roberto , Alessandria Maria , Montagna Pasquale 
Published: September 2008

AbstractWe describe a patient with a paraproteinemic anti–myelin‐associated glycoprotein (anti‐MAG) antibody polyneuropathy and concomitant axial myoclonic jerks. Neurophysiological investigation revealed that axial jerks were asymmetrical and exaggerated by lying in bed. They disappeared during mental arousal and sleep. Analysis of axial myoclonus showed that the first activated muscle was the left rectus abdominis with subsequent rostral and caudal propagation of a propriospinal type. Plasmapheresis substantially reduced the frequency and intensity of axial myoclonic jerks. In our patient, propriospinal myoclonus was associated with anti‐MAG polyneuropathy, but the causal relationship remains unclear. Muscle Nerve 38: 1330–1335, 2008
Withdrawal reflexes in adductor muscles elicited by electrical and magnetic stimulation of the obturator nerve
Authors: Ertekin Cumhur , Bademkiran Fikret , Yalin Sevket , Karapinar Nevin , Uysal Hilmi 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe withdrawal reflex in the short head of the biceps femoris muscle after electrical stimulation of the sural nerve at the ankle has been investigated in numerous studies. These studies have described two distinct responses: early (R‐II) and late (R‐III). However, withdrawal reflex activity of the adductor muscles in the legs has not been studied systematically. Adductor muscle reflex activity is important because it can produce serious clinical problems, such as adductor spasticity and spasms, during bladder surgery. The present study examined withdrawal reflex features of adductor muscles obtained by electrical and magnetic stimulation of the obturator nerve (ON) in 34 normal healthy subjects. Early adductor muscle withdrawal reflex responses were elicited by ipsilateral ON electrical stimulation with a mean latency of 45.7 ± 2.0 ms (responses in 94% of subjects). Reflex responses were also obtained using magnetic stimulation at a similar incidence rate. Contralateral ON electrical stimulation resulted in a similar reflex, but with a lower incidence. ON and femoral nerve electrical and magnetic coil stimulation produced similar low‐incidence responses in the vastus medialis. These findings indicate that short latency adductor withdrawal reflexes are easily obtained on both sides following electrical or magnetic stimulation of the ON, and they can be elicited by both nociceptive and nonnociceptive stimuli. These reflexes prepare the body for a proper response to incoming signals and likely serve to protect the pelvic floor and pelvic organs. Muscle Nerve, 2008
Preferential central nucleation of type 2 myofibers is an invariable feature of myotonic dystrophy type 2
Authors: Pisani Valerio , Panico Maria Beatrice , Terracciano Chiara , Bonifazi Emanuela , Meola Giovanni , Novelli Giuseppe , Bernardi Giorgio , Angelini Corrado , Massa Roberto 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe clinical features of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2) may present striking similarity, whereas, in some cases, the DM2 phenotype may be so mild that the diagnosis may be missed. Therefore, the identification of disease‐specific histopathological patterns for DM1 and DM2 may help clinicians to correctly address genetic studies. We performed a comparative morphological and morphometric analysis on muscle biopsies from 10 DM1 and 11 DM2 patients, comparing type 1 and type 2 fibers as to: fiber type predominance, transverse diameter, atrophy and hypertrophy factors, and prevalence of central nuclei. In DM1 cases we observed preferential type 1 fiber atrophy and a higher prevalence of central nucleation among type 1 fibers in all cases. In DM2 muscle biopsies, high rates of atrophic and hypertrophic type 2 fibers were observed in most cases, and preferential central nucleation in type 2 fibers was present in all cases. As opposed to DM1, in which type 1 fibers display most of the histological changes, preferential atrophy and hypertrophy of type 2 fibers may be considered as markers of DM2. A higher prevalence of central nuclei among hypertrophic type 2 fibers has a predictive value for the diagnosis of DM2. Thus, morphometric and fiber type‐based histological analysis of muscle biopsies may help differentiate between DM1 and DM2 and guide molecular analysis. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Muscle Nerve, 2008