bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment of a cholangiocarcinoma risk evaluation model based on mucin expression levels
Authors: Yang Chun-Yuan , Guo Li-Mei , Li Yang , Wang Guang-Xi , Tang Xiao-Wei , Zhang Qiu-Lu , Zhang Ling-Fu , Luo Jian-Yuan 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly malignant cancer, characterized by frequent mucin overexpression. MUC1 has been identified as a critical oncogene in the progression of CCA. However, the comprehensive understanding of how the mucin family influences CCA progression and prognosis is still incomplete.
AIM
To investigate the functions of mucins on the progression of CCA and to establish a risk evaluation formula for stratifying CCA patients.
METHODS
Single-cell RNA sequencing data from 14 CCA samples were employed for elucidating the roles of mucins, complemented by bioinformatic analyses. Subsequent validations were conducted through spatial transcriptomics and immunohistochemistry. The construction of a risk evaluation model utilized the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression algorithm, which was further confirmed by independent cohorts and diverse data types.
RESULTS
CCA tumor cells with elevated levels of MUC1 and MUC4 showed activated nucleotide metabolic pathways and increased invasiveness. MUC5AC -high cells were found to promote CCA progression through WNT signaling. MUC5B -high cells exhibited robust cellular oxidation activities, leading to resistance against antitumoral treatments. MUC13 -high cells were observed to secret chemokines, recruiting and transforming macrophages into the M2-polarized state, thereby suppressing antitumor immunity. MUC16 -high cells were found to promote tumor progression through interleukin-1/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells signaling upon interaction with neutrophils. Utilizing the expression levels of these mucins, a risk factor evaluation formula for CCA was developed and validated across multiple cohorts. CCA samples with higher risk factors exhibited stronger metastatic potential, chemotherapy resistance, and poorer prognosis.
CONCLUSION
Our study elucidates the functional mechanisms through which mucins contribute to CCA development, and provides tools for risk stratification in CCA.
Risk factors, prognostic factors, and nomograms for distant metastasis in patients with diagnosed duodenal cancer: A population-based study
Authors: Shang Jia-Rong , Xu Chen-Yi , Zhai Xiao-Xue , Xu Zhe , Qian Jun 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Duodenal cancer is one of the most common subtypes of small intestinal cancer, and distant metastasis (DM) in this type of cancer still leads to poor prognosis. Although nomograms have recently been used in tumor areas, no studies have focused on the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of DM in patients with primary duodenal cancer.
AIM
To develop and evaluate nomograms for predicting the risk of DM and personalized prognosis in patients with duodenal cancer.
METHODS
Data on duodenal cancer patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2019 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for DM in patients with duodenal cancer, and univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to determine independent prognostic factors in duodenal cancer patients with DM. Two novel nomograms were established, and the results were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).
RESULTS
A total of 2603 patients with duodenal cancer were included, of whom 457 cases (17.56%) had DM at the time of diagnosis. Logistic analysis revealed independent risk factors for DM in duodenal cancer patients, including gender, grade, tumor size, T stage, and N stage (P < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate COX analyses further identified independent prognostic factors for duodenal cancer patients with DM, including age, histological type, T stage, tumor grade, tumor size, bone metastasis, chemotherapy, and surgery (P < 0.05). The accuracy of the nomograms was validated in the training set, validation set, and expanded testing set using ROC curves, calibration curves, and DCA curves. The results of Kaplan-Meier survival curves (P < 0.001) indicated that both nomograms accurately predicted the occurrence and prognosis of DM in patients with duodenal cancer.
CONCLUSION
The two nomograms are expected as effective tools for predicting DM risk in duodenal cancer patients and offering personalized prognosis predictions for those with DM, potentially enhancing clinical decision-making.
Transcriptome sequencing reveals novel biomarkers and immune cell infiltration in esophageal tumorigenesis
Authors: Sun Jian-Rong , Chen Dong-Mei , Huang Rong , Wang Rui-Tao , Jia Li-Qun 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and its development comprises a multistep process from intraepithelial neoplasia (IN) to carcinoma (CA). However, the critical regulators and underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown.
AIM
To explore the genes and infiltrating immune cells in the microenvironment that are associated with the multistage progression of ESCC to facilitate diagnosis and early intervention.
METHODS
A mouse model mimicking the multistage development of ESCC was established by providing warter containing 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) to C57BL/6 mice. Moreover, we established a control group without 4NQO treatment of mice. Then, transcriptome sequencing was performed for esophageal tissues from patients with different pathological statuses, including low-grade IN (LGIN), high-grade IN (HGIN), and CA, and controlled normal tissue (NOR) samples. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the LGIN, HGIN, and CA groups, and the biological functions of the DEGs were analyzed via Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to detect the pattern of immune cell infiltration. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was also conducted to validate our results. Finally, the Luminex multiplex cytokine analysis was utilized to measure the serum cytokine levels in the mice.
RESULTS
Compared with those in the NOR group, a total of 681541, and 840 DEGs were obtained in the LGIN, HGIN, and CA groups, respectively. Using the intersection of the three sets of DEGs, we identified 86 genes as key genes involved in the development of ESCC. Enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were enriched mainly in the keratinization, epidermal cell differentiation, and interleukin (IL)-17 signaling pathways. CIBERSORT analysis revealed that, compared with those in the NOR group, M0 and M1 macrophages in the 4NQO group showed stronger infiltration, which was validated by IHC. Serum cytokine analysis revealed that, compared with those in the NOR group, IL-1β and IL-6 were upregulated, while IL-10 was downregulated in the LGIN, HGIN, and CA groups. Moreover, the expression of the representative key genes, such as S100a8 and Krt6b, was verified in external human samples, and the results of immunohistochemical staining were consistent with the findings in mice.
CONCLUSION
We identified a set of key genes represented by S100a8 and Krt6b and investigated their potential biological functions. In addition, we found that macrophage infiltration and abnormal alterations in the levels of inflammation-associated cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10, in the peripheral blood may be closely associated with the development of ESCC.
Ультразвукова діагностика ушкодження м’яких тканин нижніх кінцівок при бойовій травмі
Authors: Lurin I. A. , Abdullaiev R. Ya. , Shcherbina O. V. , Voronzhev I. O. , Korol P. O. , Abdullaiev R. R. 
Published: April 2024

Мета. Оцінити можливості ультрасонографії у діагностиці характеру ушкоджень м'яких тканин кінцівок при вогнепальних пораненнях.
Матеріали та методи. Проведено аналіз результатів комплексної ультрасонографії у діагностиці характеру ушкоджень м'яких тканин кінцівок у 147 пацієнтів з різними видами вогнепальних поранень. Вік пацієнтів варіював у межах 28-49 років, у середньому 31±6 років.
Результати. Вогнепальні поранення нижніх кінцівок з єдиною локалізацією реєструвалися у 109 (74,2%), з множинною локалізацією - у 38 (25,8%) поранених. Загальна кількість вогнепальних поранень гомілки становила 83 (42,8%), стегна – 76 (39,2%), ступні – 35 (18,0%). Балістичні поранення були у 49 (25,3%) випадках, осколкові поранення – у 124 (63,9%) та мінно-вибухові – у 21 (10,8%) випадку. Ураження нервів спостерігалося у 42 (21,6%) випадках, судин – у 49 (25,3%) та інших м'яких тканин – у 103 (53,1%) випадках. Тромбоз великої підшкірної вени реєструвався в 4, поверхневої стегнової вени – у 5, литкової вени – у 7, підколінної вени – у 8 випадках.
Висновки. Ультрасонографія з доплерографією може використовуватися як основний метод діагностики вогнепальних ушкоджень м'яких тканин кінцівок, зокрема магістральних судин та периферичних нервів.
Virtude moral e sabedoria prática em Aristóteles
Authors: Sousa Claudiney José de 
Published: April 2024

Aristóteles pensa que as atividades da alma atingem a excelência quando estão em consonância com as virtudes. Mas o que é virtude? Podemos dizer, resumidamente, que é algo como fazer com perfeição aquilo que é a “função própria do ser humano”, ou seja, fazer da melhor forma possível aquilo que nos caracteriza enquanto humanos e nos diferencia das outras formas de vida. Para Aristóteles, essa atividade especificamente humana consiste no agir racional, no exercício do pensamento. As virtudes, portanto, seriam disposições que elevam essa atividade própria (racional) à perfeição máxima, ou seja, à felicidade. As virtudes (sejam elas morais ou intelectuais), são, desta maneira, imprescindíveis à realização da felicidade.
Constitucionalismo feminista para África
Authors: Roda Armenio Alberto Rodrigues Da 
Published: April 2024

Demonstra-se neste artigo o retrocesso do constitucionalismo africano, em acompanhar de maneira igualitária, a evolução dos direitos civis e políticos das mulheres naquele continente, na medida em que; o direito tem se apresentado como um instrumento de manutenção de poder; que garante os privilégios sociais e políticos aos homens, que se valem de pretexto cultural, para reafirmar a posição hegemônica como único sujeito universal e que simultaneamente, determina meios de legitimação de uma normatividade patriarcal, sexista e misógina, que continua oprimindo à dignada das mulheres, veiculado por um discurso falocêntrico, que limita diversos direitos às mulheres, vítimas de uma política e narrativa jurídica, ligadas à maternidade compulsória, a redutibilidade das liberdades negativas e a não inclusão das mulheres no processo democrático; que acaba afetando os direitos reprodutivos, direito ao desenvolvimento, direito à trabalho, direito à participação política e econômica no âmbito estatal etc. Por outro lado, vislumbra-se uma naturalização da cultura androcêntrica e machista, te contribuído para elevados níveis de violência doméstica e sexual. E neste sentido, o artigo apela por uma comunicação legislativa, hermenêutica e, de políticas públicas que possam ser desencadeadas pelo constitucionalismo africano, com vista a alçar-se à justiça de gênero nos Estados africanos, revertendo a dimensão estrutural do sexismo naturalizado.
Prevenciòn de infecciones asociadas a cuidados de la salud en pacientes quemados
Authors: Biglia Maria Alejandra , Clara Liliana , Colque Ángel , Chuluyan Juan , Fernández Lausi Adriana , Daciuk Lucía , Rosanova María Teresa 
Published: April 2024

Las infecciones asociadas a cuidados de la salud(IACS) son una de las complicaciones más importantes que presentan los pacientes gran quemados. Aumentan su morbimortalidad, la duración de su estadía, el consumo de antimicrobianos, y los costos hospitalarios. Las tasas reportadas de IACS son muy variables entre los distintos países y centros de atención.
El ánimo de ésta publicación es brindar el material necesario y actualizado de las medidas de control de infecciones que se deben implementar en la atención de los quemados ya que no es fácil disponer de información sobre este tema.
En la presente revisión se analizaron estudios de distintas poblaciones, adultos y niños, con diferentes tipos quemaduras y diversos lugares de atención..Se utilizò como material de referencia las recomendaciones vigentes de la Sociedad Internacional de injurias por Quemaduras-ISBI- y se adicionaron publicaciones y experiencias de grupos de trabajo local e internacional referentes en el tema.
Se describen cinco tipos de medidas de control y prevención de IACS:.Medidas generales, Medidas de higiene ambiental,Prevención de la infección de los lechos de las quemaduras,Profilaxis antibiótica y medidas de prevención de neumonía , infecciones asociadas a catèteres vasculares y vesicales en quemados. Conclusión: es esencial implementar un enfoque proactivo y multidisciplinario del control de infecciones en la atención de estos pacientes, generando recomendaciones adaptadas a la realidad de cada centro de salud, destinadas a disminuir las transmisiòn cruzada de microorganismos, utilizar los antimicrobianos tòpicos y sistémicos en forma adecuada, disminuir la multirresistencia, reducir las IACS y su mortalidad.
Binding precedents and three-dimensional theory of right: An analysis of fundamental rights how legal values
Authors: Érica Dantas Pereira Diógenes Bruna , Oliveira Almeida Lívia , Fernanda Dantas Pereira Maria , Henriques da Fonseca Paulo , Lucas Formiga de Almeida Pedro 
Published: April 2024

The STF binding precedents (SV’s), instituted by Constitutional Amendment 45/2004, impact in application of the Constitution and innovate the institutional position of the STF in Brazil. From the question of how the legal value of fundamental rights appears in the set of binding precedents of the STF, the main objective of this research is to analyze and interpret the collection of 57 SV’s. The basis will be the three-dimensional theory of Right, which presents the legal phenomenon as fact, value and rule, and among the values some fundamental principles will be chosen as a filter for the SV’s analysis. Using the analytical and hermeneutic method focused on the text of the precedentes, tables will be drawn up to visualize the records and relations between their contents and the facts, values and rules explicitly quantifiable and implicitly perceptible in a qualitative-quantitative research exercise. As a result, is expected a clearer understanding of how the SV’s express and translate to the legal system the fundamental rights as legal values, which are at the axiological core of the Constitution, fundamental to the understanding of the presence of values like equality, freedom, legal security, and human dignity in the STF’s SVs. So, it is concluded that, despite the important explicit presence of the valorative element in the SV’s, there was the predominance of implicit aspect, resulting in the necessity of interpretation by the judiciary and, thus, making more complex the effective assurance of fundamental rights.
Analysis of the cavitation phenomenon: A case study in the drainage channel of the Aruana neighborhood located in the city of Aracaju-SE
Authors: Cardoso Melo Barreto Ana Paula , Santana Silva Misael , Elisabeth de Oliveira Santos Vitória , Caetano Vieira Zacarias 
Published: April 2024

Drainage channels are intended for the drainage of surface water and watercourses. Having a high construction cost, over time they present pathologies requiring inspection and maintenance. Among these pathologies, we can mention the wearing caused by cavitation. Given the above, this research aims to carry out a visual survey, and subsequent analysis, of the occurrences of wearing by cavitation in a drainage channel, in the neighborhood of Aruana, city of Aracaju-SE. First, a visual survey was achieved to assess the situation of the structure; Then, an analysis was performed through the registration of images and a bibliographic survey of the main causes and consequences of this phenomenon. It was possible to verify the occurrence of cavitation wear next to the culverts, on the side walls of the channel, and more intensely, at the junction of the rainwater galleries with the channel. It is concluded that, in many points, the pathology is at an advanced level, requiring urgent intervention; the intervention prevents the evolution of pathologies; the cost of repairs at an advanced stage is high, justifying the importance of periodic maintenance and correction at an early stage; And finally, problems can be avoided or mitigated in the design phase, with the use of better quality materials, and with constant inspections of the structure.
EURYSEMY OF WORD ULUG "BIG" IN THE KHAKASS LANGUAGE
Authors: Кичеева К.В. 
Published: April 2024

Целью исследования является раскрытие широкозначности (эврисемии) слова улуг 'большой' в хакасском языке. В данной статье рассматривается проблема выделения эврисемии в лингвистике как самостоятельной лексикосемантической категории. Значительное внимание уделяется анализу общих признаков эврисемии и ее отличий от полисемии на примере слова от 'огонь'. Так, полученные результаты на материале хакасского языка подтверждают самостоятельность явления эврисемии. Исходя из основных критериев эврисемии, обосновывается широкозначность лексической единицы улуг со значением 'большой' в хакасском языке. На основании анализа собранного нами языкового материала, а также привлечения синонимичных слов данной лексемы представлена ее семантическая емкость. Материал для исследования был получен нами методом сплошной выборки из художественной литературы хакасских писателей. В результате с помощью метода компонентного анализа выявлено 10 наиболее частотных лексико-семантических вариантов слова улуг с семантикой 'большой'. Данный метод предполагает анализ значений языковых единиц через выделение основных компонентов значения. Этот ряд значений остается открытым, что вполне характерно для слов с широкой семантикой. Данная проблема в хакасском языкознании еще не получила специального исследования. Необходимо дальнейшее изучение способов перевода хакасских широкозначных слов на основе русских как эквивалентных, так и безэквивалентных соответствий, что позволит переводчикам безошибочно раскрыть их значение в контексте.
The aim of the study is to reveal the broad meaning (eurysemy) of word ulug "big" in the Khakass language. This article considers the problem of distinguishing eurysemy in linguistics as an independent lexico-semantic category. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of common signs of eurysemy and its differences from polysemy by the example of word ot "fire". Thus, the results obtained on the material of the Khakass language confirm the independence of the eurysemy phenomenon. According to the main criteria of eurysemy, the broad meaning of lexical unit ulug with the meaning of "big" in the Khakass language is substantiated. Based on the analysis of the language material collected by us, as well as the involvement of synonymous words of this lexeme, its semantic capacity is presented. The material for the study was obtained by a continuous sampling method from fiction of Khakass writers. As a result, using the method of component analysis, 10 most frequent lexical and semantic variants of word ulug with the semantics of "big" were identified. This method involves the analysis of the meanings of linguistic units through the allocation of the main meaning components. This set of meanings remains open, which is quite typical for words with broad semantics. This issue in Khakass linguistics has not yet received a special study. Further, it is necessary to study the ways of translating Khakass broad-valued words based on Russian equivalent and non-equivalent correspondences, which will allow translators to accurately reveal their meaning in context.
GENRE FEATURES OF THE FAMILY-RITUAL SONG YOR-YOR
Authors: Абдурахманова Ф.Э. 
Published: April 2024

В музыкальном наследии отражение жизни и быта народа представлено многранностью тематики и разнообразием жанров. Народные старинные песни важны своей историко-культурной и художественно-эстетической ценностью. Песни Ёр-ёр являются наиболее распространенным практическим жанром музыкального фольклора узбекского народа. В исполнении ёр-ёр есть строгий порядок, основанный на требованиях соответствия традиции свадебного процесса. Песни ёр-ёр исполняются только женщинами на свадебной церемонии. Они имеют различия по стилю, исполнению, содержанию и форме. Поскольку между фольклорными произведениями наблюдаются межжанровые связи, сходство отчетливо ощущается в художественности и структуре песен улан и ёр-ёр. Иногда они поются иначе, плачущим тоном, как шаманские песнопения.
In the musical heritage, the reflection of the life and way of life of the people is represented by the versatility of themes and the variety of genres. Folk old songs are important for their historical, cultural, artistic and aesthetic value. Yor- Yor songs are the most common practical genre of the Uzbek people's musical folklore. In the performance of Yor- Yor, there is a strict order based on the requirements of the wedding process tradition. Yor-Yor songs are performed only by women at the wedding ceremony. They have differences in style, singing, content and form. Since inter-genre connections are observed between folklore works, the similarity is clearly felt in the artistry and structure of Ulan and Yor-Yor songs. Sometimes, they are sung differently, in a crying tone, just like shamanic chants.
CHARACTERISTICS OF BAKSHY REPERTOIRE AND PERFORMING SKILLS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE KHWARAZMIAN EPIC)
Authors: Сабирова Н.Э. 
Published: April 2024

В данной статье анализируется роль слова и музыки в героических сказаниях Хорезма. Традиция пения эпоса веками передавалась из поколения в поколение, а талантливые бахши постоянно совершенствовали ее. Импровизаторский талант исполнителя всегда реализуется в рамках эпической традиции. Каждая мелодия имеет особое название, поэтому запоминание мелодий накладывает большую ответственность на бахши, его репертуар и исполнительское мастерство. Кроме того, бахши должен иметь веру и энергию. Суяв Бахши Мухаммад Рахим- хан из Хорезма пел эпос «Эрогли» в Соний-Феруз 21 ночь, Амин Бахши из Пояра исполнял эпос «Алпомиш» три месяца и в настоящее время это уже кажется мифом, когда сказительское творчество угасает. В статье рассматривается мастерство исполнителя, не владеющего секретами эпической поэзии, и как это отражается в композиции эпоса.
This article analyzes the role of words and music in the heroic tales of Khwarazm. The tradition of singing epic has been passed down from generation to generation for centuries, and talented bakhshys have constantly improved it. A performer's improvisational talent is always realized within the framework of the epic tradition. Each melody has a special name, so memorizing melodies imposes a great responsibility on a bakhshy, his repertoire and performing skills. In addition, a bakhshy must have faith and energy. Suyav Bakhshy Muhammad Rahim Khan from Khwarazm was singing epic "Erogli" in Sonii-Feruz for all 21 nights long, Amin Bakhshy from Poyar was performing epic "Alpomish" for three months, and now it already seems like a myth, when storytelling is fading. The article considers mastery of a performer, who does not know the secrets of epic poetry, and how it is reflected in the composition of epic.