bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the Lockdown Effects: Exploring Behavior, Dietary Habits and Weight Changes in Rural Egypt during COVID-19 Lockdown: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study
Authors: Saleh Mahmoud Reda , Abdelgaied Mohamed Y. , Galal Naira , Tarek Mai , Fouda Aya , Abdelkawy Khaled 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 lockdown significantly impacted dietary habits and body weights globally, particularly in Egypt, where 57.03% of the population resides in rural areas, despite lack of information. The study examines the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the weight changes of the rural Egyptian population through behavioral, physical, and dietary changes.
Methods: A cross-sectional online survey using Microsoft Forms was distributed in Delta regions in Egypt. The questionnaire used a modified version of the validated 14- items PREDIMED MedDiet Adherence Screener (MEDAS). The first part of the questionnaire addressed sociodemographic variables whereas the second one included questions related to dietary, behavioral and weight changes of participants. These changes were statistically tested for significance in relation to BMI, gender, home living, current job and family history of obesity.
Results: A total of 306 participated in the study (70% females, 13% obese, 95% living with family, 56% university students, and 36% with family history of obesity). Obese showed a significant increase in sweet intake whereas underweight and normal weight people displayed a significant decrease in eating desire. Both females and males showed significant increase in consumption of fruits and vegetables with significant decrease in soft drink. However, women showed a significant decrease in sport activity relative to men. Participants living with family showed an increase in sweet intake while those living alone explored an increase in meal frequency. Employers revealed a significant decrease in sport activities and people with family history of obesity reported more sleeping times than those without family history of obesity.
Conclusion: During Covid-19 quarantine, Egyptians' eating habits improved, but daily routines were disrupted. Raising awareness about obesity and providing guidance on maintaining activity, energy, and mood is crucial for future quarantine situations.
An interdisciplinary integrated specialized one-stop outpatient clinic for idiopathic intracranial hypertension – a comprehensive assessment of patient satisfaction
Authors: Bsteh Gabriel , Macher Stefan , Krajnc Nik , Marik Wolfgang , Michl Martin , Müller Nina , Zaic Sina , Harreiter Jürgen , Novak Klaus , Wöber Christian , Pemp Berthold 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is complex requiring contributions from multiple specialized disciplines. In practice, this creates considerable organizational and communicational challenges. To meet those challenges, we established an interdisciplinary integrated outpatient clinic for IIH with a central coordination and a one-stop concept. Here, we aimed to evaluate effects of this one-stop concept on subjective patient satisfaction and economic outcome in patients with IIH.
Methods
In a retrospective cohort study, we compared the one-stop era with integrated care (IC, 1-JUL-2021 to 31-DEC-2022) to a reference group receiving standard care (SC, 1-JUL-2018 to 31-DEC-2019) regarding subjective patient satisfaction (assessed by the Vienna Patient Inventory). Multivariate binary logistic regression models were used to adjust for confounders.
Results
Baseline characteristics of the IC group (n = 85) and SC group (n = 81) were comparable (female: 90.6% vs. 90.1%; mean age: 33.6 vs. 32.8 years, educational level: ≥9 years of education 60.0% vs. 59.3%; located in Vienna 75.3% vs. 76.5%). Compared to SC, management within IC concept was associated with significantly higher subjective patient satisfaction with the strongest effects observed in satisfaction with treatment accessibility and availability (beta = 2.05; p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses of patients with migration background and language barrier consistently indicated stronger effects of IC in these groups.
Conclusions
Interdisciplinary integrated management of IIH significantly improves patient satisfaction – particularly in socioeconomically underprivileged patient groups.
An interdisciplinary integrated specialized one-stop outpatient clinic for idiopathic intracranial hypertension – an assessment of sick leave, presenteeism, and health care utilization
Authors: Bsteh Gabriel , Macher Stefan , Krajnc Nik , Marik Wolfgang , Michl Martin , Müller Nina , Zaic Sina , Harreiter Jürgen , Novak Klaus , Wöber Christian , Pemp Berthold 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is complex requiring contributions from multiple specialized disciplines. In practice, this creates considerable organizational and communicational challenges. To meet those challenges, we established an interdisciplinary integrated outpatient clinic for IIH with a central coordination and a one-stop- concept. Here, we aimed to evaluate effects of this concept on sick leave, presenteeism, and health care utilization.
Methods: In a retrospective cohort study, we compared the one-stop era with integrated care (IC, 1-JUL-2021 to 31-DEC-2022) to a reference group receiving standard care (SC, 1-JUL-2018 to 31-DEC-2019) regarding economic outcome parameters assessed over 6 months. Multivariate binary logistic regression models were used to adjust for confounders.
Results: Baseline characteristics of the IC group (n=85) and SC group (n=81) were comparable (female: 90.6% vs. 90.1%; mean age: 33.6 vs. 32.8 years, educational level: ≥9 years of education 60.0% vs. 59.3%; located in Vienna 75.3% vs. 76.5%). Compared to SC, the IC group showed significantly fewer days with sick leave or presenteeism (-5 days/month), fewer unscheduled contacts for IIH-specific problems (-2.3/month), and fewer physician or hospital contacts in general (-4.1 contacts/month). Subgroup analyses of patients with migration background and language barrier consistently indicated stronger effects of the IC concept in these groups.
Conclusions: Interdisciplinary integrated management significantly improves the burden of IIH in terms of sick leave, presenteeism and healthcare consultations – particularly in socioeconomically underprivileged patient groups.
The Indirect Effect of Sleep Quality on Stress-Related Psychosocial Outcomes in Adolescents: An Investigation Across Genders
Authors: Koike Camila , Nestor Bridget , Baumer Andreas , Kossowsky Joe 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Sleep is foundational for adolescent psychosocial outcomes though often compromised by normative developmental changes and external factors. This cross-sectional study examined sleep quality as a mechanism linking stress and psychosocial outcomes and explored gender differences. Adolescents (N = 246; Mage=15.8; 46.3% female) completed self-report measures assessing sleep quality and psychosocial outcomes. Structural equation modeling results indicated sleep quality accounted for 78.4% of the total effect of stress on school functioning (b=-0.45, p < 0.001) and 54.2% of the total effect of stress on pain (b = 0.14, p = 0.002). A larger indirect effect of sleep quality on school functioning (b=-0.26, p = 0.016) emerged for boys than girls, and the effect of sleep quality on pain was significant only for girls (b = 0.18, p < 0.001, 69.6% of total effect). Sleep quality explained a large proportion of the effect of stress on school functioning and pain. Sleep quality represents a modifiable transdiagnostic pathway that may buffer the effects of stress in adolescence.
Advancements and Comparative Analysis of Real-Time Face Recognition Systems
Authors: Saidakhmatov Mirolim 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates real-time face recognition methodologies within centralized computer vision systems, encompassing traditional techniques of facial recognition, deep learning frameworks, and cloud-based solutions. It explores optimization strategies aimed at enhancing model performance and efficiency. Through evaluation and comparative analysis, the study explains the strengths and limitations of each approach, providing valuable insights for practitioners and researchers. The findings contribute to the advancement of face recognition technology, offering guidance for future research endeavors and practical implementations in various real-world applications.
To eat like Liangzhu: isotopic investigation of diets in the Lower Yangtze area prior to and during the Liangzhu period (5300-4300 cal. BP)
Authors: Sheng Pengfei , Allen Edward , Huang Xiang , Zheng Xiuwen , Storozum Michael 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This essay analyzes a robust body of C and N stable isotopes from human and animal collagen and plant remains (n = 423) in the area of Lower Yangtze River dating to 8000 − 4300 cal. BP, combined with new isotopic data recovered from the Zhelin site in Shanghai, to explore the dietary differences between coastal region the inland core area of the Liangzhu culture (5300 − 4300 cal. BP). Our results reveal that the periphery dwellers of the Liangzhu cultural area became increasingly reliant on a limited number of domesticated species over time, while maintaining a marked social differentiation of foodways that was potentially a result of the growing but unequal influence of populations from the core Liangzhu area.
TM-fuzzer: fuzzing autonomous driving systems through traffic management
Authors: Lin Shenghao , Chen Fansong , Xi Laile , Wang Gaosheng , Xi Rongrong , Sun Yuyan , Zhu Hongsong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Simulation testing of Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) is crucial for ensuring the safety of autonomous vehicles. Currently, scenarios searched by ADS simulation testing tools are less likely to expose ADS issues and highly similar. In this paper, we propose TM-fuzzer, a novel approach for searching ADS test scenarios, which utilizes real-time traffic management and diversity analysis to search security-critical and unique scenarios within the infinite scenario space. TM-fuzzer dynamically manages traffic flow by manipulating non-player characters near autonomous vehicle throughout the simulation process to enhance the efficiency of test scenarios. Additionally, the TM-fuzzer utilizes clustering analysis on vehicle trajectory graphs within scenarios to increase the diversity of test scenarios. Compared to the baseline, the TM-fuzzer identified 29 unique violated scenarios more than four times faster and enhanced the incidence of ADS-caused violations by 26.26%. Experiments suggest that the TM-fuzzer demonstrates improved efficiency and accuracy.
Concentration and public health risk of DDT metabolites in different food items in Africa:Systematic review and metal analysis
Authors: Adare Dechasa , Geremew Abraham , Argaw Roba , Wolfing Tara 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
DDT is banned in many countries due to its persistency and negative impact on humans and the environment. However, it is continued to be used in many low-income countries, notably those in Africa, therefore exposing people in the region to various health threats. The current paper attempts to provide evidence regarding the concentration of DDT metabolites (pp DDT, pp DDD, and pp DDE) in a variety of food items in Africa. The preferred reporting item for systematic reviews and meta-analysis protocols was used to conduct this work. SCOPUS, PubMed, Web of Science, and other databases were used to retrieve articles using key words, Boolean logic operators, and MeSH terms. A total of 2002 studies were retrieved, of which 18 articles were included in the final analysis. The mean residue of pp DDT in vegetables, fruit, meat, fish, milk, cereals and khat was 0.195, 0.174, 0.028, 0.165, 0.056 and 0.043 mg/kg, respectively. The mean residue of pp DDD in vegetables, fruit, meat and fish, milk, and khat was 0.198, 0.011, 0.224, 0.068, and 0.021 mg/kg, respectively. The mean pp DDE residue in cereals, meat and fish, milk, vegetables, fruit, and khat was 0.57, 0.1259, 0.089, 0.1184, 0.029, and 0.0385 mg/kg, respectively. The metabolites in most food categories were higher than the recommended level, therefore posing major health risks to the public. Designing appropriate and effective pesticide management and safety measures, including tighter governmental regulation, is essential in the region.
Incidence of Luminal Gastrointestinal Cancers in Patients with Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Jogendran Manisha , Zhu Kai , Jogendran Rohit , Sabrie Nasruddin , Hussaini Trana , Yoshida Eric M. , Chahal Daljeet 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: The global incidence of cirrhosis and luminal gastrointestinal cancers are increasing. It is unknown if cirrhosis itself is a predisposing factor for luminal gastrointestinal cancer.
Aims: The aim of our study was to investigate the incidence of luminal gastrointestinal cancers in patients with underlying cirrhosis.
Methods: An electronic search was conducted to study the incidence of luminal gastrointestinal cancers in patients with cirrhosis. Study-specific standardized incidence ratios (SIR) along with corresponding 95% confidence intervals for both overall cancer incidence and luminal cancer incidence were analyzed using a random-effects model. Subgroup analysis was performed based on cirrhosis etiology and location of luminal malignancy.
Results: We identified 5054 articles; 4 studies were selected for data extraction. The overall incidence of all cancers was significantly higher in patients with cirrhosis, with an SIR of 2.79 (95% CI 2.18–3.57). When stratified by cirrhosis etiology, the incidence of luminal cancers remained significantly elevated for alcohol (SIR 3.13, 95% CI 2.24–4.39), PBC (SIR 1.40, 95% CI 1.10–1.79), and unspecified cirrhosis (SIR 3.52, 95% CI 1.87–6.65).
Conclusion: The incidence of luminal gastrointestinal cancer is increased amongst patients with cirrhosis. Therefore, increased screening of luminal cancers, and in particular these upper luminal tract subtypes, should be considered in this population.
Investigating Therapeutic Efficacy of Dacarbazine and Temozolomide, Alone and in Combination with BRAF(V600E) siRNA in A375 Human Melanoma Cell Line
Authors: Tabandeh Fatemeh , Tehrani Rana Moradian , Sharifi Mohammadreza , Toopchi Elmira 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Melanoma is one of the variable nature and deadliest form of skin cancers and the mutations play a major role in its development. It has faced many challenges in treatment and has led to the orientation of individual therapies to combined therapy. the present study is aimed at determining the combination therapeutic effects of Dacarbazine, Temozolomide with siRNA BRAF (V600E) in the A375 as treatments for melanoma.
The A375 cell line was treated with different concentrations of drugs for 24-72 hours.The IC50 and viability%, apoptosis%, and expression level of BRAF, CASP3, and PIK3R3 genes were examined respectively by MTT, flow cytometry and qRT-PCR.
Results: The cell viability % in the chemotherapy groups and siRNA with drugs groups has a substantial decrease, no significant difference was observed in the overall comparison of the two groups. The percentage of apoptosis in both chemotherapy-treated groups and siRNA + drugs indicated a significant difference compared to the control. The expression level of BRAF gene had a notable decrease in expression in the BRAF (V600E) siRNA-transfected cells with drugs compared to the chemotherapy groups. The most effective enhancement was noted in the siRNA+DTIC+TMZ group (22.43±0.9884). Our exploration extended to the mean expression levels of the PIK3R3 gene in the combined siRNA+chemotherapy groups, revealing a notable reduction.
Conclusions: these results would seem to implicate that the combination of siRNA plus chemotherapy in the A375 cell line is encouraging for the development of effective therapeutic strategies and should be explored and validated more to improve melanoma treatment.
Evaluate the relationship between the incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) and phosphorus and parathyroid hormone levels in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Bagherinejad Maryam , Shamspour Najmeh , Ahmadipour Habibeh , mogadam Hesam Askari 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objects
This study aimed to determine the relationship between phosphorus and PTH levels with the incidence of catheter related blood stream infection (CRBSI) in hemodialysis (HD) patients.
Methods
The study was conducted cross-sectionally from April 2021 to September 2022, including individuals who had a permanent catheter for dialysis initiation. Demographic characteristics, physical measurements, and various laboratory tests were recorded, including phosphorus, PTH, and other parameters. The occurrence of CRBSI was also documented.
Results
In our study involving hemodialysis patients, out of the 100 participants, 19 individuals experienced catheter-related bloodstream infections CRBSI. The average age of patients with CRBSI (62.62±16.52years) was higher than patients without CRBSI (52.33±16.64years), and this difference was statistically significant ( p-value= 0.02).
In individuals with (CRBSI), the mean phosphorus level was5.43± 1.47compared to 4.88±1.08, and the mean PTH level was 406.63±263.97 compared to 306.69±389.15. However, this difference was only found to be statistically significant in the case of PTH (p=0.01)
Based on the logistic regression test, it was found that age has a significant relationship with CRBSI. With each year of age, the odds of experiencing a catheter-related blood infection increase by 1.1 times.
Conclusion:
The study concludes that age is a predictive factor for CRBSI, emphasizing the importance of self-care training in this population. Additionally, individuals with high PTH levels should undergo appropriate measures, such as transitioning from a permanent catheter to arteriovenous fistula (AVF), along with proper self-care training, to reduce infectious complications.
Synthesis of Aromatic Azides using Different Methodologies
Authors: Leyva Elisa , Loredo-Carrillo Silvia E. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract::
For several decades, aromatic azides have been applied in diverse areas of research
like synthesis of organic compounds, novel materials and photoaffinity labeling of
biomolecules. The discovery of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry expanded
their applications. Currently, they are extensively used in biology, biochemistry and medicine.
For many years, aromatic azides were usually prepared using nucleophilic substitution.
In this classical procedure, commercially available anilines are first converted into aryl
diazonium salts which in turn are transformed into aromatic azides by nucleophilic substitution
with sodium azide. However, this procedure is rather inconvenient experimentally
since it requires the use of strong acids and low temperatures. In recent years, several alternative
procedures have been developed. In the present review, we present the synthesis of
aromatic azides by means of different experimental methodologies.
Oxidative Coupling: An Important Tool for Pyrrole Synthesis
Authors: Tripathi Shrishti , Kumar Rajnish , Mazumder Avijit , Salahuddin  , Singh Himanshu , Yadav Ranjeet Kumar , Kukreti Neelima , Mishra Rashmi , Singh Saurabh 
Published: April 2024

:
In oxidative coupling, two molecules combine with the help of different oxidants and transition
metals. It is used to form various natural and synthetic compounds. Oxidative coupling reactions
catalyzed by transition metals (Pd or Cu), Iodine, Cobalt, Ti, etc, are used widely for the synthesis
of pyrroles. Pyrrole is a 5-membered heterocyclic ring structure that consists of a single nitrogen.
Several methods have been adopted and reported for the synthesis of pyrroles and their analogs in the
recent past. Synthesis of pyrrole via oxidative coupling takes place in the presence of various catalysts,
bases, and solvents and at different temperatures and times. In another method, Oxidative reactions
between diols and primary amines utilizing copper/nitroxyl as the catalyst also yield pyrroles.
Rhodium has also been used as a catalyst in oxidative coupling reactions between alkynes and carboxylic
acid (substituted by heteroarene or arene) to obtain pyrroles. Paal-Knorr reaction is also one
of the most common reactions in the synthesis of pyrrole. In the present study, we summarized different
oxidative reactions that have been reported for the synthesis of pyrrole. Hopefully, the study will
be helpful for the researchers.
Identification of the NF-κB Inhibition Peptides in Asthma from Pheretima
aspergillum Decoction and Formula Granules using Molecular Docking
and Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Xiao Xiaotong , Liu Yaxiong , Huang Yayang , Zeng Wenjie , Luo Zhuoya 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The Pheretima aspergillum decoction is a traditional therapeutic form,
while the formula granules are produced through traditional Chinese medicine decoctions. However,
the active ingredients in Pheretima aspergillum have not been fully elucidated, and no published
reports have investigated the differences between Pheretima aspergillum decoction and formula
granules.

Objective:
The study aimed to explore the potential bioactive peptides in Pheretima aspergillum
decoction and formula granules and investigate their potential pharmacological mechanisms in
alleviating inflammation associated with asthma through interaction with the IκBβ/NF-κB p65
complex.

Methods:
μLC-Q Exactive MS combined with de novo sequencing technology was employed to
identify potential bioactive peptides in Pheretima aspergillum decoction and formula granules.
Deep learning models were utilized to evaluate the bioactivity and toxicity of these peptides. Further
investigations included molecular docking studies aimed at uncovering the interactions between
the selected peptides and the IκBβ/NF-κB p65 complex at affinity and critical residue sites.
Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to assess the stability of the peptide-receptor
complexes.

Results:
A total of 2,235 peptides from the Pheretima aspergillum decoction and 1,424 peptides
from the Pheretima aspergillum formula granules were identified. Deep learning models resulted
in the identification of 298 bioactive and non-toxic peptides from the decoction and 145 from the
formula granules. Molecular docking revealed that 160 peptides from the decoction and 63 from
the formula granules exhibited a strong affinity for the IκBβ/NF-κB p65 complex. The results of
molecular dynamics simulations supported the stability of the interactions involving the peptide
EGPANFADLGK from the decoction and the peptide KAAVDFGVPGDAGALAHLK from the
formula granules with the IκBβ/NF-κB p65 complex. In conclusion, potential bioactive peptides
were identified in both Pheretima aspergillum decoction and formula granules.

Conclusion:
This study has investigated the potential pharmacological mechanisms of peptides derived
from Pheretima aspergillum decoction and formula granules in alleviating inflammation associated
with asthma through the interaction of the IκBβ/NF-κB p65 complex, providing a basis
for elucidating the molecular mechanism of action for the treatment of asthma.