bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Major salivary gland tumors: Treatment results and prognostic factors
Authors: Tran Luu , Sadeghi Ahmad , Hanson David , Juillard Guy , Mackintosh Ralph , Calcaterra Thomas C. , Parker Robert G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA retrospective review of 133 patients with major salivary gland carcinomas treated between 1955 and 1981 is presented. The majority of cases (104) originated in the parotid gland. The most common histological type was mucoepidermoid carcinoma (39 cases). Tumor‐free interval was longest for patients with acinic cell and mucoepidermoid carcinomas. In contrast, adenoid cystic carcinoma was poorly controlled, regardless of the form of treatment.Initial control of primary major salivary gland tumors was inversely related to the presence of disease at the surgical margins. In cases with microscopic or gross disease at the surgical margins, postoperative radiation therapy controlled the tumor locally in 18 of 26 patients (69%). Postoperative radiation therapy was generally used only in cases with high‐grade histologies, advanced stages, or positive surgical margins. Of the patients treated with surgery alone, 53% achieved local control, as compared to 75% of the group which received postoperative radiation therapy. Although the difference was not statistically significant, we would have expected the combined therapy group to have a lower control rate due to more advanced disease.There was a low salvage rate (22%) and a high incidence of distant metastasis (60%) in recurrent cases. The data indicates that complete surgical resection results in the best local control, with or without adjuvant radiation. When the surgical margin is inadequate and re‐excision not possible, adjuvant radiation therapy appears to have a role to optimize local control and survival.
Customized valve housing
Authors: Cantu Evangeline , Shagets Frank W. , Fifer Robert C. , Andres Carl J. , Newton Alan D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractNumerous remarkable advancements have been made in the area of voice prosthetics. A significant, persistent problem, however, has been the development of air leaks around the tracheostome housing. This problem is particularly apparent with patients having deeply recessed, irregular stomas. This paper describes a customized tracheostome valve housing that is fabricated to minimize or alleviate difficulties associated with maintenance of an airtight seal. Our experience with 12 patients revealed that they maintain adequate seals for 72 hours and enjoy the functional benefits provided by the customized housing.
Angiofibroma: Treatment trends in 150 patients during 40 years
Authors: Bremer J. William , Neel H. Bryan , Desanto Lawrence W. , Jones Gregory C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA series of 150 patients with histologically confirmed angiofibroma examined from 1945 through 1983 was studied to contrast treatment methods and surgical approaches. From 1945 to 1955, treatment consisted primarily of radiation. From 1955 through 1971, the primary method of treatment was surgical removal; the lateral rhinotomy approach was used to expose the tumor and its extensions in most cases. From 1971 through 1983, all tumors were removed surgically. Trends in diagnosis, treatment, and adjunctive therapy at a single institution were evaluated. Specifically, the trends considered were operative approaches, blood replacement with and without hypotensive anesthesia, adjunctive measures such as hormonal therapy or tumor embolization, mortality, and morbidity. Lateral rhinotomy provides wide exposure of and access to the nose, nasopharynx, paranasal sinuses, elements of the skull base, temporal fossa, and infratemporal fossa. Surgical treatment, specifically the lateral rhinotomy approach and its extensions, is recommended as the best method of managing angiofibroma in most patients.
Preoperative parathyroid adenoma localization by the technetium‐thallium subtraction scan
Authors: Biller Hugh F. , Strashun Arnold , Goldsmith Stanley J. , Bergman Donald 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe technetium‐thallium subtraction scintigram was utilized preoperatively in 14 consecutive patients explored for primary hyperparathyroidism. The scintigram accurately identified the site of a parathyroid adenoma in 12 of 13 patients.
Effects of tympanic membrane scars on tympanometry: A study in cats
Authors: Osguthorpe J. David 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe efficacy of tympanometry in the diagnosis of ossicular abnormalities and the differentiation of such from eardrum scarring is controversial. This paper presents a study of the tympanometric effects of specific eardrum scars and ossicular abnormalities in cats. For both normal eardrums and healed myringotomies, a normal middle ear could be differentiated from stapes fixation or incudostapedial discontinuity using static immittance parameters and tympanogram morphology. Twenty percent myringectomy scars caused abnormal 660 Hz tympanograms but this effect could be distinguished from changes caused by a concomitant ossicular abnormality. The very low impedance of a 50% myringectomy scar resulted in tympanograms which could not be differentiated from an ossicular discontinuity alone. With this neomembrane, stapes fixation could not even be differentiated from an ossicular discontinuity. This study supports the view that tympanometry should be interpreted as part of a battery of tests which includes otoscopy, audiometry, and acoustic reflex measurements.
Angiosarcoma of the head and neck: Review of 11 cases
Authors: Panje William R. , Moran William J. , Bostwick David G. , Kitt Victor V. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn this report, 11 cases of angiosarcoma of the head and neck are reviewed. The patients ranged in age from newborn to 78 years; mean age was 64 years. There were eight men and three women. Sites of involvement included the scalp and forehead, cheek, nose and ethmoid sinuses, neck, and mandible. Surgery was the primary method of treatment. The 2‐year survival rate was 50% (5/10) and the 5‐year survival rate was 22% (2/9). Regional metastases were seen in 18% (2/11). We found that the tumors were poorly circumscribed and spread horizontally within the dermis for considerable distances, especially in the scalp. Total surgical excision using frozen section control before reconstruction may offer the best chance for control of disease.
Restoring abduction of paralyzed vocal cords in the cat using selective laryngeal reinnervation by phrenic motoneurons
Authors: Baldissera Fausto , Cantarella Giovanna , Marini Gabriella , Ottaviani Francesco 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe aim of this work was to reestablish the respiratory function of the paralyzed larynx through reinnervation of the posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscle by phrenic motoneurons.In nine adult cats the adductor branch of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) of one side was cut and ligated, while the abductor branch was left intact. The whole RLN was then transected lower in the neck and its distal stump anastomosed to the upper branch of the phrenic nerve.Periodical laryngoscopies under ketamine anesthesia assessed that the inspiratory abduction of the paralyzed vocal cord recovered within 45 days to 60 days in all cats. Abduction was caused by reinnervation of the PCA muscle from phrenic motoneurons, as demonstrated by electrophysiological and anatomical (retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase) testings.
Experimental grafting of the round window membrane: Part I
Authors: Schachern Patricia A. , Paparella Michael M. , Goycoolea Marcos V. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe histology and permeability of cats' round window membranes were described following surgical grafting with gelatin foam or fascia. An increase in the thickness of the round window membrane due to fibrosis, neovascularization, and epithelial metaplasia was observed 2 months following grafting with gelatin foam. Grafting with fascia did not increase the thickness of the round window membrane, but did form a thick layer of granulation tissue adjacent to and overlying the round window membrane, with occasional adhesions between. The layer of granulation tissue consisted of cuboidal or columnar ciliated epithelial cells, fibrous tissue, lipid, and undigested grafted material. The granulation tissue did not always completely cover the round window membranes.Horseradish peroxidase placed in the round window niche of cats with grafts on the round window membrane remained a significant distance further from the inner ear when compared to its migration through nongrafted membranes.
Sensorineural hearing loss associated with takayasu's disease
Authors: Siglock Timothy J. , Brookler Kenneth H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis is a case report of sensorineural hearing loss associated with Takayasu's disease. Also known as ‘pulseless disease’ and ‘aortic arch syndrome,’ Takayasu's disease involves narrowing of the aortic arch and its branches. Although the etiology is unknown, it is suspected to be an autoimmune disorder. In the case presented, steroid therapy resulted in an improvement of hearing. On one relapse the hearing loss worsened before the sedimentation rate increased. We speculate that the hearing loss is due to an autoimmune process or an ischemia involving the inner ear. We further speculate that hearing loss may indicate subsequent worsening of the disease.
Cochlear patency problems in cochlear implantation
Authors: Jackler Robert K. , Luxford William M. , Schindler Robert A. , McKerrow William S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSensory deafness may be associated with partial or total obliteration of the cochlear scalae. Before undertaking cochlear implant surgery, a preoperative assessment of cochlear patency with high‐resolution computed tomography (CT) is indicated. To determine the accuracy of pre‐implant CT, a review of the radiographic and surgical findings in 36 implanted ears was performed. An abnormal CT scan was found to be a reliable predictor of compromised cochlear patency at operation. These findings help the surgeon to select the side most favorable for implantation and to anticipate problems that may be encountered during device insertion. A normal pre‐implant CT scan, however, does not exclude the possibility of compromised cochlear patency. A 46% false negative rate was encountered, presumably because subtle degrees of osseous or fibrous obliteration of the cochlea are beyond the resolution by current generation CT scanners.In our opinion, the radiographic finding of cochlear ossification is not a contraindication to an attempt at cochlear implantation. The only assured way of determining the extent of cochlear patency is by performing an ‘exploratory cochleostomy’ with fenestration of the basal cochlear turn. Drilling anteriorly through an ossified basal scala tympani will often expose an adequate lumen and permit insertion of even a long multichannel electrode into a partially ossified cochlea. Nevertheless, it is essential that the implant team be prepared with devices appropriate for whatever existing or surgically created lumen may be available.
Bilateral omohyoid muscle flap reconstruction for anterior commissure cancer
Authors: Calcaterra Thomas C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPartial laryngectomy for anterior commissure cancer often results in a shortened glottis which produces a high pitched strained voice and an inadequate airway lumen which requires permanent tracheostomy. Vocal fold vibration is impaired both by the shortened length and anterior scarring which profoundly affects the myoelastic properties of the larynx.Many different methods of reconstructing the anterior commissure have been attempted with limited success and many require multiple procedures. A method of anterior commissure reconstruction employing bilateral omohyoid muscle flaps has been performed successfully in four patients. The omohyoid muscles and investing fascia are readily available during partial laryngectomy and can be tailored to reconstitute the anterior commissure. The myofascial flaps epithelialize rapidly and there is little tendency for anterior glottic stenosis. The sphincteric function of the larynx remains intact and the vocal quality surpasses other methods of reconstruction employed by the author.
Primary tracheoesophageal fistula procedure for voice restoration: The university of texas medical branch experience
Authors: Stiernberg Charles M. , Bailey Byron J. , Calhoun Karen H. , Perez Denice G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractVoice restoration for laryngectomees is challenging, but in recent years the tracheoesophageal (TE) fistula procedure using a oneway valved prosthesis has had relatively good success. The purposes of this study were to determine the success rate for the primary TE fistula procedure, analyze failures, and study methods for selection and training of these patients.In a prospective study, 21 consecutive patients had primary TE fistula procedures performed over an 18‐month period. Thirteen of 20 who had adequate follow‐up developed fluent, intelligible speech using either duckbill or low‐pressure one‐way valves. Complications included one stomal infection and one paratracheal fistula. This experience has led 1. to development of a protocol for selection and training of patients for this procedure and 2. to the conclusion that the procedure can improve voice restoration success without an increase in morbidity.
Neonatal respiratory distress from rhinitis medicamentosa
Authors: Osguthorpe J. David , Shirley Reed 
Published: October 2006

AbstractRhinitis medicamentosa from topical vasoconstrictor abuse results in nasal obstruction which can be life‐threatening in neonates. Neonates are obligate nasal breathers, most learning oral respiration by 2 months of age. A neonate was started on topical phenylephrine at birth, and by 3 weeks of age was having multiple daily episodes of apnea and cyanosis. An evaluation documented edematous, obstructing nasal turbinates, as well as polycythemia, cardiomegaly, and prominence of the pulmonary vasculature. A nasopharyngeal airway alleviated the obstruction until the turbinates recovered, and the other abnormalities quickly resolved.
Increased spiral ganglion cell survival in electrically stimulated, deafened guinea pig cochleae
Authors: Lousteau Ray J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFor implanted electronic prostheses to function successfully in the deaf, residual spiral ganglion neurons are presumed to be necessary. Several studies have tried to determine the effects cochlear electrode implantation and electrical stimulation have on the neurons of the spiral ganglion. Little work has been published, however, on the trophic effects of electrical stimulation on cell survival after cochlear damage by ototoxicity. This report presents the results of an investigation to determine the effects of early intrncochlear electrical stimulation on spiral ganglion neuron survival after chemically induced deafness in young guinea pigs. A significantly larger number of spiral ganglion cells remained in stimulated ears 6 weeks after deafening than were seen in the unstimulated ears of the same animals. These results suggest that early implantation after acquired deafness may affect the success obtainable with electronic hearing prostheses.
Laryngeal modeling: Theoretical, in vitro, in vivo
Authors: Berke Gerald S. , Moore Dennis M. , Hanson David G. , Hantke David R. , Gerratt Bruce R. , Burstein Fernando 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBecause the larynx is situated anatomically in an area which is difficult to measure and visualize, theoretical, in vitro, and in vivo models are used in laryngeal research. Vocal fold vibration was studied in anesthetized dogs, while electrically stimulating independently the superior and recurrent laryngeal nerves under conditions of constant airflow. Photoglottographic (PGG), electroglottographic (EGG), and subglottic pressure signals were obtained while stroboscopically photographing the larynx. Specific points along PGG, EGG, and subglottic pressure waveforms were correlated with laryngeal events which occurred during vibration. The canine larynx, in an experimentally produced phonatory mode, vibrates in a two mass (upper and lower margin) system and appears comparable to modal human voice production. The recorded glottogrophic waveforms from experimentally produced phonation in the canine are similar to signals recorded from humans. However, observed differences can be related to anatomic differences.
Treatment of hypopharyngeal carcinoma: A 10‐year review of 1, 362 cases
Authors: Pingree Timothy F. , Davis R. Kim , Reichman Owen , Derrick Larry 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA computer search of cancer patients enrolled in the Rocky Mountain Cancer Data System between 1973 to 1983 revealed 1, 362 patients with hypopharyngeal cancer, 1, 208 of whom could be staged by the American Joint Committee on cancer staging criteria. Stage I and II patients comprised 17.5% while 71% were either stages III or IV. The distant metastatic rate in advanced stage patients was 24%.Survivals for all treated patients were 65% at 1 year, 33.5% at 3 years, and 25% at 5 years. Three‐year survivals were 54.5% for the surgery only group, 41.6% for the combined therapy group, and 17.7% for the irradiation only group. Five‐year survivals for the surgery only group were 39.8%, combined therapy, 31.8%, and irradiation only 11.5%. These figures are actuarially corrected.Twenty‐two percent of combined therapy patients had preoperative irradiation versus 78% who had postoperative irradiation. There was no statistically significant difference seen between these two groups.
Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: A distinctive and highly aggressive neoplasm
Authors: Levine Paul A. , Frierson Henry F. , Stewart F. Marc , Mills Stacey E. , Fechner Robert E. , Cantrell Robert W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractEleven cases of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma were treated between 1975 and 1986. This distinctive neoplasm involved the orbital cavity in 6 of 11 patients (55%) and the cranial cavity in 7 of 11 patients (64%) at the time of presentation. Of the eight patients (73%) who died of disease, six died within 13 months after the diagnosis. One patient has no evidence of disease 10 months after therapy, and two are alive with disease after 15 and 22 months.
Endotracheal tube safety during laser surgery
Authors: Fontenot Ray , Bailey Byron J. , Stiernberg Charles M. , Jenicek John A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe most morbid complication of laryngeal laser surgery is an endotracheal tube lire. The purposes of this study were to determine the efficiency of saline solution‐soaked cottonoid pledgets in protecting endotracheal tube cuffs from the laser beam and to evaluate the safety of four commonly used endotracheal tubes.The method involved measurement of perforation times of saline‐soaked cottonoid pledgets with controlled variables of air exposure times and laser energy. The second part evaluated the safety and ignition properties of the red rubber, silicone, polyvinyl chloride, and Xomed Laser‐Shield® tubes by studying their perforation times and ignition properties under controlled oxygen concentrations.The results revealed that saline‐soaked pledgets are very efficient in protecting endotracheal tube cuffs. The Laser‐Shield® tube was the safest one studied. It had the highest ignition threshold of the four tubes tested.
Pediatric maxillofacial trauma: Unique features in diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Gussack Gerald S. , Luterman Arnold , Powell Randall W. , Rodgers Keith , Ramenofsky Max L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to review mechanisms, etiologies, associated injuries, and treatment of maxillofacial trauma in children and to compare them to similar adult injuries. Thirty blunt injuries (1984‐1986) comprised the children's group, and 176 injuries, the adult group. Multiple associated injuries were more common in children, the most frequent being CNS and orthopedic injuries. Detailed anatomy of mandibular fractures required pleuridirectional tomography in 63% of the pediatric cases compared to 12% in adults. In the children's group, the mandibular fractures were favorable in 56% of cases compared to 15% in adults. Children required shorter periods of intermaxillary fixation with no child requiring reapplication of fixation. Based on these comparisons, a protocol for the management of pediatric maxillofacial injuries has been developed.
Treatment of invasive aspergillus sinusitis with liposomal‐amphotericin B
Authors: Weber Randal S. , Lopez‐Berestein Gabriel 
Published: October 2006

AbstractInvasive sinonasal aspergillosis is a severe and frequently fatal infection in immunosuppressed patients with hematologic malignancies.Seven patients with sinonasal aspergillosis who failed to respond to conventional amphotericin B (AmpB) were treated with liposomal AmpB (L‐AmpB). AmpB was incorporated into multilamellar vesicles consisting of dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine and dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol in a 7:3 molar ratio. Five patients had underlying hematologic malignancies, one patient had aplastic anemia, and one patient had no underlying disease. All patients had biopsy‐proven invasive Aspergillus sinusitis, and had failed conventional antifungal therapy including AmpB. Five patients were cured and two did not respond to treatment. Fever and chills were infrequent and, when they occurred, mild, and responded well to conventional management. No severe renal or central nervous system toxicity was observed. L‐AmpB is effective and less toxic than conventional AmpB in the treatment of invasive Aspergillus sinusitis.
Peripheral nerve regeneration: An experimental study
Authors: Janecka Ivo P. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the regenerative potential of a rat sciatic nerve following surgical manipulation.Single and double neurorrhaphies, nerve grafts and interposed vein grafts, in a nerve gap, were studied. Also, repairs of isolated nerve segments, without maintaining muscle connections, were examined.In our model we found that a peripheral nerve would grow across a limited nerve gap through a vein graft conduit and would become histologically as well as electrically nearly indistinguishable from a normal nerve. This vein graft conduit compared well with a standard nerve graft. Measurements of axonal density revealed that the closest density to control was found in nerves repaired with a vein graft followed by a single epineural repair. Sciatic nerve segments which were repaired following transection but disconnected from their corresponding muscles, failed to attract regenerating axons.This study demonstrates that the more complex the surgical repair, the greater the reduction of regenerated axons distal to the site of repair. It also supports the concept of the essential influence of a denervated muscle on regenerating axons.
Transient salivary gland hypertrophy in bulimics
Authors: Ogren Frederic P. , Huerter James V. , Pearson Paul H. , Antonson Clark W. , Moore Gary F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTransient salivary gland hypertrophy is a reported clinical finding in patients with bulimia.1, 2 A retrospective chart review of 49 patients enrolled in the University of Nebraska Medical Center Eating Disorders Program with a diagnosis of bulimia showed 29% (14/49) had at some time either parotid and/or submandibular gland hypertrophy noted on physical exam. Resolution of the salivary gland enlargement occurred in all of our patients after treatment of their bulimia. Bulimia must, therefore, be considered in the differential diagnosis of salivary gland hypertrophy, and treatment should be directed at the underlying behavioral disorder.