bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preschooler Obesity and Parenting Styles of Mothers and Fathers: Australian National Population Study
Authors: Wake Melissa , Nicholson Jan M. , Hardy Pollyanna , Smith Katherine 
Published: November 2007

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this work was to determine relationships between BMI status at ages 4 to 5 years and mothers' and fathers' parenting dimensions and parenting styles.
PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS. Participants were composed of all 4983 of the 4- to 5-year-old children in wave 1 of the nationally representative Longitudinal Study of Australian Children with complete BMI and maternal parenting data. Mothers and fathers self-reported their parenting behaviors on 3 multi-item continuous scales (warmth, control, and irritability) and were each categorized as having 1 of 4 parenting styles (authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and disengaged) using internal warmth and control tertile cut points. Using a proportional odds model, odds ratios for children being in a higher BMI category were computed for mothers and fathers separately and together, after adjustment for factors associated with child BMI, including mothers' and fathers' BMI status.
RESULTS. The sample was composed of 2537 boys and 2446 girls with a mean age 56.9 months; 15% were overweight and 5% were obese (International Obesity Task Force criteria). Mothers' parenting behaviors and styles were not associated in any model with higher odds of children being in a heavier BMI category, with or without multiple imputation to account for missing maternal BMI data. Higher father control scores were associated with lower odds of the child being in a higher BMI category. Compared with the reference authoritative style, children of fathers with permissive and disengaged parenting styles had higher odds of being in a higher BMI category.
CONCLUSIONS. This article is the first, to our knowledge, to examine the parenting of both parents in relation to preschoolers' BMI status while also adjusting for parental BMI status. Fathers' but not mothers' parenting behaviors and styles were associated with increased risks of preschooler overweight and obesity. Longitudinal impacts of parenting on BMI gain remain to be determined.
Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: What Is the Evidence for Induction Chemoradiation?
Authors: Glynne-Jones Rob , Harrison Mark 
Published: November 2007

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Interpret the results of the relevant randomized trials of neoadjuvant induction chemoradiation from Europe and the U.S.Explain why induction chemoradiation is preferred over postoperative adjuvant chemoradiation.Discuss the rationale for using neoadjuvant induction chemoradiation in rectal cancer.
Access and take the CME test online and receive 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™ at CME.TheOncologist.com
Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Asia
Authors: Villa Vanessa , Lo Chung Mau 
Published: November 2007

Learning ObjectivesAfter completing this course, the reader will be able to: Discuss the selection criteria of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma for liver transplantation.Describe the problems associated with the application of liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma and the possible solutions.Discuss the current status of liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in Asia.Access and take the CME test online and receive 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™ at CME.TheOncologist.com
The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines on Venous Thromboembolic Disease: Strategies for Improving VTE Prophylaxis in Hospitalized Cancer Patients
Authors: Khorana Alok A. 
Published: November 2007

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Discuss the importance of thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized cancer patients.Identify risk factors for cancer-associated thrombosis.Identify strategies to improve compliance with prophylaxis recommended by NCCN guidelines.
Access and take the CME test online and receive 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™ at CME.TheOncologist.com
CCL28 Effects on Periodontal Pathogens
Authors: Watkins Heather R. , Lapp Carol A. , Hanes Philip J. , Dickinson Douglas P. , Volkmann Keith R. , Newman Cheryl L. , Konzelman Joseph L. 
Published: November 2007

Background: Chemokines are small proteins that signal to and attract cells of the immune system; they are vital components in the modulation of immunity and wound healing. A newly described chemokine was reported to have antibacterial and antifungal activity. This chemokine, chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand 28 (CCL28; also called mucosae‐associated epithelial chemokine), is secreted by mucosal epithelial cells and is found in saliva and in breast milk. The objective of this study was to test whether CCL28 has antibacterial activity against two anaerobic periodontal pathogens: Porphyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.Methods: We used a bacterial viability test, in which two fluorescent dyes are bound differentially to living and killed bacteria. We tested the bacteria at concentrations of 2 × 107/ml, exposing them to CCL28 at concentrations from 0.04 to 10 μM.Results: CCL28 was effective at killing both organisms. After 1 hour of exposure to the chemokine under appropriate oxygen conditions, the percentage of living organisms was reduced significantly for each species. We estimated the 50% effective concentration to be ∼0.7 μM for P. gingivalis and ∼2.0 μM for A. actinomycetemcomitans (N = five experiments each). We confirmed these observations using standard bacterial plating methods.Conclusion: Because this chemokine is secreted into the saliva, a reduction in salivary flow (as in xerostomia) may diminish the oral self‐defense mechanisms by also reducing the exposure of bacteria to the antibacterial action of CCL28.
Treatment of a Large Periradicular Lesion of Endodontic Origin Around a Dental Implant With Enamel Matrix Protein Derivative
Authors: Lin Shaul , Mayer Yaniv 
Published: November 2007

Background: This case report describes the healing of a large periradicular lesion involving an adjacent implant. Endodontic surgery was performed in combination with placement of an enamel matrix protein derivative.Methods: Endodontic surgery was performed, including root end resection at a 90° angle. Ultrasonic tips were used for retrograde preparation, and the retrograde cavity was sealed with zinc oxide–eugenol. The area was filled carefully with enamel matrix proteins. Sutures were removed after a 2‐week healing period.Results: There were no symptoms of pain, inflammation, or discomfort at 18 months post‐surgery. Radiographs showed complete healing of the periradicular lesion.Conclusions: Combining an enamel matrix protein derivative with conventional surgery may improve the clinical outcome of large endodontic lesions. Additional research is warranted.
Subgingival Human Cytomegalovirus Correlates With Increased Clinical Periodontal Parameters and Bacterial Coinfection in Periodontitis
Authors: Botero Javier Enrique , Parra Beatriz , Jaramillo Adriana , Contreras Adolfo 
Published: November 2007

Background: Viruses from the Herpesviridae family may be implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. The aim of this investigation was to compare the subgingival frequency of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in subjects affected by periodontitis to periodontally healthy subjects and to assess the correlation of HCMV with periodontal clinical parameters and periodontopathic bacteria.Methods: Thirty subjects with periodontitis (20 with chronic periodontitis and 10 with aggressive periodontitis) were included in the study. A group of 22 periodontally healthy individuals served as controls. Clinical periodontal parameters of probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded using a computerized periodontal probe. Subgingival plaque samples were processed for viral identification by nested polymerase chain reaction and bacterial identification by culture. Clinical periodontal parameters, frequency of detection of HCMV, and microbial composition were compared between the groups using the two‐tailed Student t, χ2, and Mann‐Whitney tests. Logistic and linear regression analyses were performed to measure the association between virus‐bacterial coinfection and clinical parameters (P ≤0.05).Results: HCMV detection was more prevalent (P ≤0.05) in periodontally diseased subjects compared to healthy ones. Furthermore, in all groups, PD and CAL were increased in HCMV‐positive sites. In the periodontitis groups, higher frequencies and levels of specific periodontopathic bacteria were detected in HCMV‐positive sites.Conclusions: HCMV detection in periodontal pockets was associated with higher levels of periodontopathic bacteria and increased PD and CAL at sampled sites. HCMV/bacteria coinfection may be an important factor in periodontal destruction.
Injuries Among US Children With Different Types of Disabilities
Authors: Sinclair Sara A. , Xiang Huiyun 
Published: November 2007

Objectives. We sought to determine whether risk of injury differs among children on the basis of the type of disability, and whether the characteristics of injury episodes differ by disability status. Methods. We used nationally representative data from the 1997–2005 National Health Interview Survey to compare medically attended injuries among children aged 0 to 17 years who had and did not have a disability. Characteristics of injury episodes were compared by disability status. We calculated prevalence and risk of injury by type of disability. Results. Children who had a single disability had a significantly higher prevalence of injury than children without a disability (3.8% vs 2.5%; P<.01). Characteristics of injury episodes did not differ significantly by disability status (P>.05). After we controlled for sociodemographic variables, we found that only children with emotional or behavioral problems had a significantly higher risk of injury compared with children without a disability (prevalence ratio=1.50; 95% confidence interval=1.15, 1.97; P<.01). Conclusions. Children with certain types of disabilities are at a significantly higher risk of injuries than are children without disabilities, but the characteristics of injuries are similar.
Maternal Depressive Symptoms, Parenting Self-Efficacy, and Child Growth
Authors: Surkan Pamela J. , Kawachi Ichiro , Ryan Louise M. , Berkman Lisa F. , Carvalho Vieira Lina M. , Peterson Karen E. 
Published: November 2007

Objectives. We assessed whether maternal depressive symptoms and parenting self-efficacy were associated with child growth delay. Methods. We collected data from a random sample of 595 low-income mothers and their children aged 6 to 24 months in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, including information on sociodemographic characteristics, mothers’ depressive symptoms and parenting self-efficacy, and children’s anthropometric characteristics. We used adjusted logistic regression models in our analyses. Results. Depressive symptoms among mothers were associated with 1.8 times higher odds (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1, 2.9) of short stature among children. Parenting self-efficacy was not associated with short stature, nor did it mediate or modify the relationship between depressive symptoms and short stature. Maternal depressive symptoms and self-efficacy were not related to child underweight. Conclusions. Our results showed that among low-income Brazilian families maternal depressive symptoms, but not self-efficacy, were associated with short stature in children aged 6 to 24 months after adjustment for known predictors of growth.
The Health of Trafficked Women: A Survey of Women Entering Posttrafficking Services in Europe
Authors: Zimmerman Cathy , Hossain Mazeda , Yun Katherine , Gajdadziev Vasil , Guzun Natalia , Tchomarova Maria , Ciarrocchi Rosa Angela , Johansson Anna , Kefurtova Anna , Scodanibbio Stefania , Motus Maria Nenette , Roche Brenda , Morison Linda , Watts Charlotte 
Published: November 2007

Trained counselors interviewed 192 women who had been trafficked and sexually exploited about abuse and evaluated their physical and mental health status within 14 days of entry into posttrafficking services. Most reported physical or sexual violence while trafficked (95%), pre-trafficking abuse (59%), and multiple posttrafficking physical and psychological problems. Newly identified trafficked women require immediate attention to address posttrauma symptoms and adequate recovery time before making decisions about participating in prosecutorial or immigration proceedings or returning home.
Raga India: Architecture in the Time of Euphoria
Authors: Ashraf Kazi K 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAs India celebrates the 60th anniversary of its independence, guest‐editor Kazi K Ashraf introduces this special title of AD by holding up a barometer to the nation's cultural identity. Can architecture be best understood through a local sense of place or globalisation? What are the driving impulses behind India's chaotic urban landscape that is simultaneously ‘messy’ and utopian? Can Indian culture be best understood as a national entity or through a more elusive subcontinental substance? Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The India Project
Authors: Khilnani Sunil 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWhile pockets of India are now approaching the living standards of Switzerland, other regions are debilitated by a level of poverty that is akin to that of Zimbabwe. Sunil Khilnani asks what remains of the universalist project of India's political founders. Has architecture, in the rush for market and economic success, lost its self‐understanding? Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The ‘Background’ in Bangalore; Architecture and Critical Resistance in a New Modernity
Authors: Chandavarkar Prem 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAs the centre of India's new information and biotechnology industries, Bangalore has been at the forefront of the country's globalisation. As Prem Chandavarkar explains, the city's architectural culture continues at the leading edge to be one of ‘intellectualism’, valuing ‘the background’, a sense of place and contextualism over the more brash facadism of other cities. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Trip to India
Authors: Sorkin Michael 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA collaborative project with Jimmy Lim offered Michael Sorkin the unique opportunity to taste not only the ‘delirious quality of global practice’, enriched by trips to southern India, but also the unique chance to design one‐off residences for a lush, Garden of Eden‐like setting. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
This is Not a Building! Handmaking a School in a Bangladeshi Village
Authors: Ashraf Kazi K 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe opportunity to design a village school for an educational institute in northern Bangladesh, whose guiding tenet is ‘learning with joy’, provided European architects Anna Heringer and Eike Roswag with a unique commission. Kazi K Ashraf describes how this collaborative community effort has resulted in a wholly inventive and intriguing design, realised solely with traditional materials and local skills. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Casa Kike, Costa Rica
Authors: Melvin Jeremy 
Published: November 2007

AbstractJeremy Melvin describes Gianni Botsford's house for a writer on a beachside plot in Cahuita, Costa Rica. Infusing 'traditional practices with a technological sophistication that enhances rather than sets itself against local conditions', Botsford employed vernacular wherewithal and materials, while adopting computer‐aided techniques to create unfamiliar forms. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On Green Design (Part 2): The Basic Premises for Green Design
Authors: Yeang Ken 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn the second part of his green design series, Ken Yeang highlights how a prospective site can provide the essential springboard for eco‐masterplanning. A full survey of the site and its sensitive development allows the built environment not only to be designed analogously with existing ecological systems, but also to reach out beyond the immediate footprint and to have a restorative effect on the surrounding area. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficient Singlet‐State Deactivation of Cyano‐Substituted Indolines in Protic Solvents via CNHO Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Pál Krisztina , Kállay Mihály , Köhler Gottfried , Zhang Hong , Bitter István , Kubinyi Miklós , Vidóczy Tamás , Grabner Gottfried 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe photophysical properties of indoline (I) and three of its derivatives, namely, N‐methylindoline (MI), 5‐cyanoindoline (CI), and 5‐cyano‐N‐methylindoline (CMI), are studied in H‐donating solvents of varying polarity. Based on measurements of fluorescence yield and lifetime, and of triplet yield and hydrated‐electron formation, two distinct mechanisms of solvent‐induced fluorescence quenching are evidenced. The first mechanism involves the cyano substituent and leads to an increase in the rate constant of internal conversion of one order of magnitude in ethanolic solution and of more than two orders of magnitude in water, as compared to solutions in n‐hexane or acetonitrile. A similar trend had previously been observed in the case of 4‐N,N‐dimethylaminobenzonitrile (DMABN). The second mechanism reduces the fluorescence lifetimes of the non‐cyanated derivatives in aqueous solution by one order of magnitude and is related to the formation of hydrated electrons. Neither of these mechanisms is influenced by methylation at the ring nitrogen. Quantum chemical calculations are performed on the ground and excited states of the hydrogen‐bonded complexes between protic solvents and MI as well as CMI. Stable hydrogen‐bonded configurations involving the CN substituent and a solvent OH group are found; these configurations are stable both in the ground and the first excited singlet states, whereas the corresponding complex at the ring amino nitrogen is stable in the ground state only. The CNHO configuration is therefore a prime candidate for a mechanistic explanation of the observed quenching by the first mechanism. These findings may have useful applications for the design of fluorescence probes for water in biological systems.
Crystal Structure, Electrochemical and Optical Properties of [Au9(PPh3)8](NO3)3
Authors: Wen Fei , Englert Ulli , Gutrath Benjamin , Simon Ulrich 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe single‐crystal structure of [Au9(PPh3)8](NO3)3 was resolved for the first time with atomic resolution. The cluster has crystallographic D2 and approximate molecular D2h skeletal symmetry derived from an icosahedron. Voltammetry of the Au9 clusters in CH2Cl2 reveals a 1.78‐eV energy gap between the first one‐electron oxidation peak and the first reduction peak. The UV/Vis and luminescence properties of Au9 clusters were also investigated. The cluster solid shows two broad emission peaks at 579 nm and 853 nm, respectively, at room temperature. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Social comparison with friends versus non‐friends
Authors: Lubbers Miranda J. , Kuyper Hans , van der Werf Margaretha P. C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper investigates whether several aspects of social comparison in school classes differ as a function of the type of relation between the student and his or her target. Participants were 9612 students in the first grade of secondary education in the Netherlands (equivalent to Grade 7 in the US). Results indicated that (1) 78% of the students who had at least one friend also compared with a friend; (2) social comparison with friends was much more often reciprocal than comparison with non‐friends; (3) preferences for upward and downward comparison were less often given by students who compared with friends than students who compared with non‐friends; (4) the similarity in initial performance level between students and their comparison targets was higher when targets were friends; (5) despite these differences, which seem to imply that friends often serve as routine standards whereas non‐friends are more deliberately chosen as comparison targets, it appeared that consequences of social comparison for subsequent performance were about the same for both types of relations. Further findings of this paper suggest that previously found effects of friends' grades on subsequent performance may be explained by social comparison. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Threats to autonomy: motivational responses to risk information
Authors: Pavey Louisa J. , Sparks Paul 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwo studies considered the role of autonomy in people's motivational response to health‐risk information. In Study 1, ‘non‐smoker’ participants (N = 59) completed a measure of autonomy and read either health‐risk information about smoking or neutral information. Those who read the health‐risk information reported less autonomous motivation for not smoking than did those who read the neutral information. However, level of autonomy moderated this effect: lower autonomy participants reported less autonomous motivation after reading the health‐risk information than after reading the neutral information but there was no such effect for higher autonomy participants. Study 2 (N = 100) supported the results of Study 1 using a sample of smokers, with a significant interaction between autonomy and health‐risk condition predicting autonomous motivation. Higher autonomy participants reported greater autonomous motivation to quit smoking after reading health‐risk information than after reading neutral information. There was no effect of condition for lower autonomy participants. Autonomous and controlled motivation was also considered in relation to the antecedents of intention outlined in the TPB. The findings are discussed in relation to the differential motivational impact of risk information on people with higher or lower autonomy. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Joule heating in electrokinetic flow
Authors: Xuan Xiangchun 
Published: November 2007

AbstractElectrokinetic flow is an efficient means to manipulate liquids and samples in lab‐on‐a‐chip devices. It has a number of significant advantages over conventional pressure‐driven flow. However, there exists inevitable Joule heating in electrokinetic flow, which is known to cause temperature variations in liquids and draw disturbances to electric, flow and concentration fields via temperature‐dependent material properties. Therefore, both the throughput and the resolution of analytic studies performed in microfluidic devices are affected. This article reviews the recent progress on the topic of Joule heating and its effect in electrokinetic flow, particularly the theoretical and experimental accomplishments from the aspects of fluid mechanics and heat/mass transfer. The primary focus is placed on the temperature‐induced flow variations and the accompanying phenomena at the whole channel or chip level.
Recent advances in amino acid analysis by CE
Authors: Poinsot Véréna , Rodat Audrey , Gavard Pierre , Feurer Bernard , Couderc François 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper describes a number of articles that have been published on amino acid (AA) analysis using CE during the period from June 2005 to May 2007. This review article follows the format of the previous articles of Smith (Electrophoresis 1999, 20, 3078–3083), Prata et al.. (Electrophoresis 2001, 22, 4129–4138), and Poinsot et al.. (Electrophoresis 2003, 24, 4047–4062 and Electrophoresis 2006, 27, 176–194). Several new developments in AA analysis with CE are reported describing the use of laser‐emitting diodes for LIF, MS, and chips. In addition, we describe articles concerning clinical studies and neuroclinical applications.