bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iodine-catalyzed Thermal cis-trans Isomerization of Azobenzene
Authors: Yamashita Shigeru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The equilibrium of 1 : 1 molecular complex formation between cis-azobenzene and iodine in n-hexane has been studied spectrophotometrically in the temperature range 10∼25°C. The heat of formation of the complex has been found to be −ΔH=7.5 kcal./mol. The rate of iodine-catalyzed isomerization of cis-azobenzene determined spectrophotometrically in n-hexane solution has been found to be proportional to the concentration of cis-azobenzene as well as to that of iodine, with an activation energy of 6.3 kcal./mol. over the temperature range 30∼50°C. The most probable interpretation of the rate measurements is that the complex of cis-azobenzene with iodine isomerizes with an activation energy of 13.8 kcal./mol. under the experimental conditions of the present work.
Infrared Spectra of Troponoid Compounds. II. Absorption Band of O–H Stretching Vibration in Some Tropolones
Authors: Ikegami Yusaku 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Infrared spectra of tropolone, 4-isopropyltropolone and 3-bromotropolone in the solid, liquid and solution in carbon tetrachloride were measured with a calcium fluoride prism in the region of 3600∼2600 cm−1. The absorptions of O-H stretching vibration in these compounds in dilute solution are strongest at around 3120 cm−1 with numerous branches, and these bands shift gradually to the higher wave number side with 100∼88 cm−1, as the concentration increases and the compound transits to the liquid or solid state. This character was explained by the assumption that the tropolone skeleton has a stable chelate system and that the intermolecular action increases with the increase of concentration. In the solid state, a distinct band corresponding to the O–H group of Ib type was also observed at around 3540 cm−1.
Chemical Studies on Wood Hemicelluloses. III. On the Hemicellulose of Ganpi Bast Fibers. II
Authors: Machida Seishi , Nishikori Sadanori 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The hemicellulose of Ganpi bast fibers (Wickstroemia sikokiana Franch. et Sav.) gave upon hydrolysis a mixture of an aldobiouronic acid, 4-O-methyl-d-glucuronic acid and d-xylose together with small amounts of d-galacturonic acid, d-mannose, d-galactose, l-arabinose and l-rhamnose.
The acidic components were separated, and by means of chromatography on a column of cellulose, 4-O-methyl-d-glucuronic acid, d-galacturonic acid and 2-O-(4-O-methyl-d-glucopyranosyluronic acid)-d-xylopyranose were isolated and characterized.
A structure was proposed for the hemicellulose which has a straight chain of about 160 1,4-linked-β-d-xylopyranose residues with, on the average, every sixth residue carrying a terminal 4-O-methyl-α-d-glucopyranosyluronic acid residue linked through position 2.
The d-galacturonic acid is believed to originate in pectic substance and not a component of the hemicellulose.
A part of the expense for this work was defrayed by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education. This is gratefully acknowledged.
A Study of Dehydration and Hydration of Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate and Racemic Acid by Means of the Deuterium Exchange Reaction
Authors: Okazaki Nobukazu , Okumura Akiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In order to examine the generality of the results obtained with oxalic acid, the following questions were studied with sodium dihydrogen phosphate and in part with racemic acid: (1) the relation between the deuterium exchange reaction and the surface area of the anhydrate, and the amorphous character of the anhydrate prepared by dehydration in vacuo at low temperatures, (2) recrystallization of the amorphous anhydrate under the catalytic action of adsorbed water, and (3) deuterium exchange reaction in anhydrate-hydrate mixture.
The results obtained with sodium dihydrogen phosphate and racemic acid are similar to those obtained with oxalic acid. It appears that formation of amorphous anhydrate in the dehydration of crystal hydrate in vacuo at low temperatures and its recrystallization under the catalytic action of adsorbed water are phenomena of general occurrence.
The deuterium exchange reaction of crystalline anhydrate may be used to determine the composition of the hydrate formed on hydrating an anhydrate under a given condition.
Biochemical Studies on Oils and Fats. X. Toxicity of Thermally Denatured Ethyl Linolenate
Authors: Matsuo Noboru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
When ethyl linolenate is thermally denatured at 250°C for 40 hr. in a carbon dioxide stream, the product is toxic to rats. The origin of the toxicity of thermally denatured ethyl linolenate is a monomeric cyclization product, which is mainly a compound having a cyclohexene ring.
Infrared Absorption Spectra of Water of Crystallization in Aluminum Sulfate Octodecahydrate Crystals
Authors: Gamo Itaru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The observed spectra of water of crystallization were compared with those of aluminum chloride hexahydrate and interpreted on the basis of the effects of aluminum-water coördination and hydrogen bonding O–H…O. The wagging and the rocking frequency were both much higher than is usual in water of crystallization. It was proposed that this result, together with other peculiarities, may have some connection with the coördination strength between aluminum and water.
Thermodynamical Studies on Binary Systems Consisting of Polar and Non-polar Liquids. VI. Refined Calculation of the Electrostatic Part of van Laar Coefficients and Comparison with the Experimental Results
Authors: Amaya Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electrostatic parts of van Laar coefficients for binary systems of polar and non-polar liquids were calculated, assuming that (1) the polar molecule is anisotropic in polarizability, (2) that the polar molecule is an ellipsoid, and (3) that the dipole is a point dipole and its position is not at the center of the molecule.
The results were compared with the experimental results.
The agreement between the experimental values and the calculated values based on the refined model cannot be said to have been improved compared with the previous results, in which the calculations were made based on the much simpler model in which the polar molecule was spherical and isotropic, and the dipole was at the center of the sphere.
Dye-sensitized Photopolymerization of Vinyl Monomers. II. Photo-bleaching of Acridine Yellow in Some Vinyl Monomers
Authors: Takemura Fukuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The photobleaching of acridine yellow has been studied in various vinyl monomers, such as acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, styrene, α-methylstyrene and methyl methacrylate.
It has been found that (a) the photobleaching is apparently different in featue depending on the type of monomer; (b) the absorption maximum of the dye in the reaction systems shifted rapidly to a shorter wavelength in the cases of both styrene and α-methylstyrene by the irradiation of light, while it did not in the cases of acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate and methyl methacrylate; (c) a new absorption maximum at a shorter wavelength may result from the production of a relatively stable intermediate from the dye and styrene.
Considering also the effects of such quenchers as potassium iodide and hydroqinone on the photobleaching and the polymerization, it has been concluded that the interaction of the triplet state of the dye molecule with the monomers is responsible for both the bleaching and the polymerization.
Kolbe’s Reaction of Higher Fatty Acids. III. Anode Potential in the Electrolysis of Laurio Acid with Platinum Anode
Authors: Matsuda Ryoichi , Hisano Takeo , Terazawa Toshio , Shinohara Norio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
An aqueous solution of lauric acid, containing potassium hydroxide and potassium carbonate, was electrolysed at 40±0.5°C with smooth platinum electrodes. Not only were two constant anodic potential stages, 1.5∼1.6 and 2.4∼2.6V. vs. S.C.E., clearly found, but also an abrupt shift from the lower stage to the higher one was distinctly observed. The main reaction at the lower stage is the evolution of oxygen. In addition, at the higher stage the discharge of laurate ions is accompanied by an oxygen evolution that is markedly retarded compared with that at the lower stage. It may therefore, be inferred that the transition of potential from the lower stage to the higher is caused by the formation of a film of adsorbed laurate ions.
Molecular Rotations of Glucides in Relation to their Structures. VIII On the Product of the ζ-Coefficients of the Hydroxyl and the Methyl Groups
Authors: Yamana Shukichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
By using a new molecular model and the new datum concerning the [M]D20(W) of α-d-isorhamnose, the ζOHζCH3 in the case of methyl pentose and the [M]D20(W) of β-d-isorhamnose, now unknown, were re-calculated. The obtained value of ζOHζCH3 was nearly equal to that in the case of substances which have a cyclohexane-ring. The new value of the [M]D20(W) of β-d-isorhamnose satisfies Hudson’s methyl glycoside rule.
Raman Spectrum of γ-Glycine
Authors: Balasubramanian K , Krishnan R S , Iitaka Yoichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Using λ 2536.5 excitation the Raman spectrum of single crystal of γ-glycine has been recorded for the first time. Thirty-nine Raman frequencies have been reported. Comparing the spectrum of γ-glycine with its infrared absorption spectrum and also with the Raman spectrum of α-glycine, proper assignments have been given to the internal frequencies. The lattice lines observed in Raman effect and infrared absorption have been satisfactorily accounted for.
Adsorption of Cesium by Japanese Acid Clay
Authors: Oi Noboru , Ohashi Eijiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Japanese acid clay, a montmorillonite-type one, exhibited a special affinity for cesium-137 from an aqueous solution. The phase epuilibrium of the adsorption was confirmed, and the Kd values were used to analyze the data.
The Kd value of cesium was highest in pure water, but it was decreased by increasing the aqueous acid, alkali and salt concentration.
When clay which had been treated at 400∼ 500°C was used, the Kd value increased two- or three-fold. This phenomenon corresponds to the formation of 10 Å c-axis spacing and the dispersion of the structural water of the clay. This peculiarity, however, appears only at a low cesium concenration, below 10−6 mol./l. At a higher cesium concentration, the adsorption of cesium depends simply on the cation exchange capacity of the clay; heat-treated clay showed a poorer adsorption.
The adsorption of cesium from a fission products mixture was also simply examined.
Dimer-Monomer Equilibrium Constants for Acetic Acid and the Three Chloroacetic Acids in Benzene
Authors: Nagai Yoichiro , Simamura Osamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Acetic, monochloroacetic, dichloroacetic, and trichloroacetic acid in benzene show an infrared absorption band due to the OH stretching vibration of the monomeric form at 3472, 3438, 3410, and 3389 cm−1, respectively. The dimer-monomer equilibrium constants for these acids in benzene at 20°C have been evaluated, from the change in intensity of these bands with the acid concentration, to be 0.036, 0.041, 0.092, and 0.91 mol./1., respectively.
The observed shift in frequency indicates that there is an interaction, similar to hydrogen bond formation, between the hydroxyl of a carboxyl group and the π-electron system of a benzene nucleus and that the stronger acid interacts more strongly with benzene, resulting in a larger shift in frequency.
Determination of Aluminum, Cerium(III) and Lead with Fluoride by an Amperometric Indicator Method
Authors: Varma Asha 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Determinations of aluminum, cerium(III) and lead by fluoride involving complex formation, KAlF6 and precipitations, CeF3 and PbClF or PbBrF have been carried out successfully using amperometric indicator method at 0.04V. with two identical polarized platinum electrodes. A small amount of ferric chloride is used as an indicator, the reduction of which beyond end point constitutes the indicating system. Upto the equivalence point, current remains constant, and then it falls due to the reduction of the trivalent iron complex which is formed on addition of excess fluoride. The method is simpler in technique, sensitive and rapid, and the results obtained are good and satisfactory with accuracy of the right order of magnitude even at lower concentrations, as low as 104m. At still higher dilutions the maximum error rises to about ±5.0%.
Electric Properties of the Single-crystal and Thin Film of α,α′-Diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl
Authors: Inokuchi Hiroo , Harada Yoshiya , Maruyama Yusei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electronic conductivity of two forms of α,α′-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl, the single crystal and the thin film, was observed. The resistivity (ρ15) at room temperature along c-axis (1×1010 Ω cm.) is 105 times lower than that perpendicular to the axis (1×1015 Ω cm.), but its activation energy (Δε) against temperature is in good agreement (1.5 and 1.6 eV.). These large anisotropy may be introduced from that of the arrangement of molecules in the crystal. In the case of thin film, the values of ρ15 and of Δε are ∼1010 Ω cm., 1.7 eV. for surface type cell and ∼1013 Ω cm., 2.7 eV. for sandwich-type cell respectively. A great difference on the characteristics of photoconduction and on the current-voltage relation in these two types of cell was found.
Influence of Substituent Groups on Nuclear Reactivity in the Formation of Substituted Biphenyls by Reaction of Aromatic Diazo and Related Compounds with Aromatic Liquids. V. Phenylation of Nitrobenzene and Anisole
Authors: Inukai Takashi , Kobayashi Katsumi , Simamura Osamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
N-Nitrosoacet(anilide-14C) has been decomposed at 20°C in a mixture of benzene with nitrobenzene or with anisole, and the reaction products have been analyzed for biphenyl and isomeric nitrobiphenyls or isomeric methoxybiphenyls by isotope dilution method. From these results the partial rate factors for the phenylation have been calculated to be for nitrobenzene: o, 9.38; m, 1.16; and p, 9.05; and for anisole: o, 3.56; m, 0.93; and p, 1.29.
Dehydration of Bile Acids and their Derivatives. IX. Oxidation of Methyl 3α-Acetoxy-Δ7-cholenate with Selenium Dioxide
Authors: Osawa Ryuzaburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Carefully repeated experiments have shown that, contrary to Fieser’s report3), methyl 3α-acetoxy-Δ7-cholenate and some other un-saturated bile acids (5β) listed in Table I give positive results in the selenium dioxide test. This finding was substantiated by the fact that two oxidation products of methyl 3α-acetoxy-Δ7-cholenate were isolated, one of which was proved to be methyl 3α-acetoxy-7ξ, 15ξ-dihydroxy-Δ8(14)-cholenate.
It is very interesting to note that, unlike the Δ7-steroids of the 5α-series, not only C7-H, but C15-H of the unsaturated bile acid mentioned above was oxidized with selenium dioxide to give hydroxyl groups, both of which remained without being acetylated under the experimental conditions described.
Electronic Structures of Benzyl Cation and Related Compounds
Authors: Mori Yuji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electronic structure of the benzyl cation has been calculated on the basis of an approximation of the composite systems in order to explain the electronic spectrum of the benzyl cation from the point of view of electron-transfer interaction between the fragments. The calculations show a satisfactory agreement with the experimental observations.
For the electronic spectra of some other cations, simple calculations have been carried out as an application of the treatment for the benzyl cation. The results for the diphenyl-and triphenyl-methyl cations show qualitative agreement with the experimental results.
Assignments of the 35Cl Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectra in Multichlorobenzenes by the Measurement of the Zeeman Effect
Authors: Morino Yonezo , Toyama Masaharu , Itoh Koichi , Kyono Saburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Assignments of the 35C1 nuclear quadrupole resonance spectra have been made for some multichlorobenzenes by the Zeeman studies of single crystals. Three resonance lines in 1, 3, 5-trichlorobenzene, have been assigned, in the order of increasing frequency, to Cl3, Cl1 and Cl5 designated by Milledge and Pant in their X-ray study ; two lower frequencies in 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrachlorobenzene to Cl1 and Cl4 and two higher ones to Cl2 and Cl3; and in pentachlorobenzene, the second highest frequency to the chlorine atom at the para position with respect to the single hydrogen atom. The shifts of the resonance frequencies have been accounted for in terms of the induction effect. It is likely that the ortho effect is produced by the direct field arising from the charges on the neighboring atoms rather than the indirect one propagated through the chemical bonds. The interpretation of the three frequencies in 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene has also been attempted from the viewpoint of the intermolecular effect. It has been suggested that an induction effect independent of the directions takes place in this crystal among the neighboring molecules.
Studies on Modified Hydrogenation Catalyst. I. Selective Hydrogenation Activity of Modified Raney Nickel Catalyst for Carbonyl Group and C=C Double Bond
Authors: Fukawa Hideaki , Izumi Yoshiharu , Komatsu Shinichiro , Akabori Shiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Hydrogenation activity of the Raney nickel catalyst for carbonyl compounds was greatly diminished, when the catalyst was treated with a solution of amino acid. On the other hand, no appreciable change in its hydrogenation activity for C=C double bonds occurred upon this treatment. When mesityl oxide was used as a substrate, selective hydrogenation was most clearly demonstrated.
The effect of conditions of modification, such as concentration of the modifying solution, immersion time and kind of modifying reagent on the activity of the modified catalyst, were investigated.
Effects of Nonelectrolytes on the Temperature of the Maximum Density of Water. II. Organic Compounds with Polar Groups
Authors: Wada Goro , Umeda Saburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The temperature of the maximum density (T. M. D.) of aqueous solutions of various organic polar substances at various concentrations were measured dilatometrically, and the degrees of elevating the T. M. D., ΔT, were estimated. The information derived from the experimental results includes:
1) At any concentration, the values of ΔT for all substances used in the present study are inevitably negative, in contrast with the cases of alkyl monovalent alcohols, reported on in the preceding paper.
2)ΔT′, defined as the difference between the actual elevation of T. M. D. and that when the solution is assumed to be an ideal mixture, is given by an empirical formula, ΔT′=ax+bx2, where a is a characteristic constant of the solute, indicating the degree of the interaction between the solute and water; it generally has a more negative value as the substance is more polar.
3) Benzene does not interact with water; therefore, ΔT′=0 and a=b=0 in so far as it is soluble in water.
4) An additivity correlation concerning a is realized from the composing radicals, and the a values assigned to respective radicals show a simple parallelism with their own polarities.
5) The b parameter is negative for all substances ; the absolute value of this is greater as the molar volume becomes larger.
Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra of Lead Aldose-cysteinate
Authors: Takahashi Fujio , Mizuguchi Jun 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Lead Aldose-cysteinates in solution were found to show an ultraviolet absorption maximum at 270 mμ. Moreover, lead complexes of various thiol-containing compounds were found to show the same absorption spectra as aldose-cysteine. From these results, it has been suggested that the absorption maximum appears when lead is coordinated through the sulfur atom.
Polarographic and Chronopotentiometric Studies on the Dissociation Reaction of Nitrilotriacetatocadmate(II) Complexes
Authors: Tanaka Nobuyuki , Ebata Kazuko , Takahari Tomoo , Kumagai Tsutomi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The dissociation reaction of nitrilotriacetatocadmate(II) complexes has been investigated polarographically and chronopotentiometrically in the presence and the absence of acetate ions. The results indicate that the treatment reported by Koryta for the effect of acetate ion on the kinetic current is appropriate.
The rate constant of the dissociation reaction of nitrilotriacetatocadmate(II) complexes is a function of hydrogen ion concentration and expressed as
k=3.4+2.5×105[H+]+2×108[H+]2
at 25°C.
The Acid-Catalyzed Isomerization of Cyclohexyl Phenyl Ketoxime in Liquid Sulfur Dioxide
Authors: Tokura Niichiro , Shiina Katsuo , Terashima Tetsuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The hydrochloric acid-catalyzed isomerization of β-cyclohexyl phenyl ketoxime has been carried out in liquid sulfur dioxide. The effects of temperature, light, deuterium chloride and the concentrations of hydrogen chloride have been examined.
2. The overall rate may be expressed as;
R=kso2[oxime]+kHCl[oxime]·[HCl]1.5
and the kSO2 and the kHCl have been estimated. The reason for the order of hydrogen chloride, 1.5 has also been discussed.
Syntheses of Dl-Hydroxylysine and Dl-Allohydroxylysine
Authors: Izumiya Nobuo , Fujita Yoshimasa , Ohno Motonori 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A diastereomeric mixture of Dl-hydroxylysine hydrochlorides was obtained with a good yield through hydrogenation of diethyl (γ-hydroxy-δ-nitro-n-butyl)-acetamidomalonate with palladium catalyst in a solvent of acetic acid, which was followed by hydrolysis of the reduced product. Dicarbobenzoxy lactone was prepared with a yield of 91% from hydroxylysine hydrochloride obtained above. A solution of diastereomeric dicarbobenzoxy lactones in dioxane was treated with sodium hydroxide equivalent to the amount of normal form. The salt obtained after saponification converted into a pure normal dicarbobenzoxy lactone, a pure allo compound being isolated from the unsaponified portion. The two lactones were converted into chromatographically pure normal and allohydroxylysine monohydrobromides by the action of hydrogen bromide in acetic acid.
Spark lonization of Semi-metallic and Metallic Elements and of Ionic-crystals
Authors: Yuasa Toshiyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Using a mass spectrometer, the nature of the mass spectrum produced by the spark ionization source of semi-metallic and metallic elements and of ionic-crystals was studied, and it was found that only semi-metallic elements are capable of producing their polyatomic ions in a significant concentration.
When the samples of alkali halide single crystals were taken out from the spark source after sparking, it was observed that the crystals held their shape and, moreover, that color centers had been formed finely.
In the light of the experimental results, the mechanism of the ion formation in the spark was discussed, and it was pointed out that some relation might exist between the crystal structure of the solid sample and the formation of the gaseous molecular ion.
Electronic Spectra of Polynitrophenols and their Anions
Authors: Abe Takehiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The absorption spectra of p-nitrophenol, 2, 4-dinitrophenol, picric acid and their anions, all in water, were measured in the presence or absence of either hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide. The long wavelength absorption maxima of these polynitrophenols shift toward blue in the order of p-nitrophenol, 2, 4-dinitrophenol and picric acid, with increasing molar absorbancy indexes in the same order. The absorption maxima of the anions similarly shift toward blue. The absorption maxima of each anion lie at longer wavelengths than do those of the corresponding polynitrophenol. These red shifts are greater with the increasing number of the nitro group. The high-intensity bands of these nitro compounds containing two or three electron-attracting substituents are interpreted from the viewpoint of Nagakura and Tanaka’s theory of the intramolecular charge transfer spectra.