bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microcalorimetric Investigation on Effects of LaIII on Metabolic Activity of Mitochondria Isolated from Hybrid Rice
Authors: Dai Jie , Li Chuan‐Ling , Zhang Ye‐Zhong , Liu Yi 
Published: December 2008

AbstractRare earth elements (REEs) have beneficial influence on plant growth and are widely used in agriculture practice, but little is known about the behavior of the REEs in mitochondria of plant cell. Thermogenic metabolic curves were determined by the ampoule method at 303 K using a TAM air isothermal microcalorimeter in mitochondria isolated from hybrid rice Liangyoupeijiu (Oryza sativa L.), and the effect of LaIII on its mitochondrial metabolism was investigated. From the obtained heat flux curves, the crucial parameters including as activity recovery rate constant (k) and maximum heat power (Pmax) were determined. Application of La3+ in concentrations ranging from 0 to 120 μg/ml significantly increased k and Pmax values with the high point reaching 346 and 222% of the control, respectively. Concentrations from 140–150 μg/ml had the opposite effect. These results were consistent with previous reports on the effects of REEs on plant growth. It was concluded that the La‐induced change of mitochondrial metabolic activity is a possible mechanism by which LaIII ions influences hybrid rice growth.
Tuberculosis in Hemodialysis Patients in Area of High Incidence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Authors: Marques Luiz Paulo J. , Rioja Lilimar S. , Pacheco Giselly G.L.C. , Nogueira Sandra N. , Fuck Fabiana B.S. , Santos Omar R. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBACKGROUNDHemodialysis (HD) patients have an increased incidence of tuberculosis (TB), which may be due to decreased cellular immunity, the presence of malnutrition, and the use of immunosuppressive drugs. Poor living conditions, overcrowding, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection could be considered added risk factors. This study analyzed the incidence and clinical characteristics of TB among HD patients in an area where TB and HIV infection have a high prevalence.METHODSIn this multicenter study, 1266 patients (663 men and 603 women) ages 20–91 years (46.1 ± 16.8 years) from 8 HD centers in different cities of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, were studied. HIV‐infected patients were excluded from the study.RESULTSTB was observed in 30 patients (2.3%), the pulmonary type in 11 (36.6%) and the extrapulmonary type in 19 (63.4%). The time of emergence during the HD period was very wide (2–117 months). All patients presented with unexplained fever and general symptoms such as weight loss, fatigue, and malaise in variable frequencies. The purified protein derivative (tuberculin) test was positive in only 16.6% of TB patients. They were treated with a combination of rifampicin (450–6000 mg/day), isoniazid (200–300 mg/day), and pyrazinamide (1.5–2 g/day); only 1 patient died, and 2 underwent a successful renal transplantation after the treatment.CONCLUSIONSTB incidence in HD patients was higher than in the general population (p < 0.0001) with a relative risk (RR) of 19.68 (13.81 < RR < 29.03), which points to the urgent need to investigate TB in all uremic patients with unexplained fever, continuous nonspecific symptoms, or when TB is suspect, whereas the response to therapy is directly dependent on early diagnosis, and the specific treatment may offer HD patients a good prognosis.
Antigen‐loaded ER microsomes from APC induce potent immune responses against viral infection
Authors: Sofra Vassiliki , Mansour Salah , Liu Mengya , Gao Bin , Primpidou Elisavet , Wang Ping , Li Suling 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAlthough matured DC are capable of inducing effective primary and secondary immune responses in vivo, it is difficult to control the maturation and antigen loading in vitro. In this study, we show that ER‐enriched microsomal membranes (microsomes) isolated from DC contain more peptide‐receptive MHC I and II molecules than, and a similar level of costimulatory molecules to, their parental DC. After loading with defined antigenic peptides, the microsomes deliver antigenic peptide–MHC complexes (pMHC) to both CD4 and CD8 T cells effectively in vivo. The peptide‐loaded microsomes accumulate in peripheral lymphoid organs and induce stronger immune responses than peptide‐pulsed DC. The microsomal vaccines protect against acute viral infection. Our data demonstrate that peptide–MHC complexes armed microsomes from DC can be an important alternative to DC‐based vaccines for protection from viral infection.
Safety and efficacy of neonatal vaccination
Authors: Demirjian Alicia , Levy Ofer 
Published: December 2008

AbstractNewborns have an immature immune system that renders them at high risk for infection while simultaneously reducing responses to most vaccines, thereby posing challenges in protecting this vulnerable population. Nevertheless, certain vaccines, such as BCG and Hepatitis B vaccine, do demonstrate safety and some efficacy at birth, providing proof of principal that certain antigen–adjuvant combinations are able to elicit protective neonatal responses. Moreover, birth is a major point of healthcare contact globally meaning that effective neonatal vaccines achieve high population penetration. Given the potentially significant benefit of vaccinating at birth, availability of a broader range of more effective neonatal vaccines is an unmet medical need and a public health priority. This review focuses on safety and efficacy of neonatal vaccination in humans as well as recent research employing novel approaches to enhance the efficacy of neonatal vaccination.
Archaeological mounds in Marajó Island in northern Brazil: A geological perspective integrating remote sensing and sedimentology
Authors: de Fátima Rossetti Dilce , Góes Ana Maria , Mann de Toledo Peter 
Published: December 2008

AbstractEarthen mounds with archaeological artifacts have been well known in Marajó Island since the 19th century. Their documented dimensions are impressive, e.g., up to 20 m high, and with areas as large as 90 ha. The mounds, locally known as tesos, impose a significant relief on the very low‐lying landscape of this region, which averages 4 to 6m above present sea level. These features have been traditionally interpreted as artificial constructions of the Marajoara culture, designed for defense, cemetery purposes, or escape from flooding. Here, we provide sedimentological and geomorphological data that suggest an alternative origin for these structures that is more consistent with their monumental sizes. Rather than artificial, the Marajoara tesos seem to consist of natural morphological features related to late Pleistocene and Holocene fluvial, and possibly tidal‐influenced, paleochannels and paleobars that became abandoned as depositional conditions changed through time. Although utilized and modified by the Marajoara since at least 2000 years ago, these earthen mounds contain a significant non‐anthropogenically modified sedimentary substratum. Therefore, the large Marajoara tesos are not entirely artificial. Ancient Marajoara cultures took advantage of these natural, preexisting elevated surfaces to base their communities and develop their activities, locally increasing the sizes of these fluvial landforms. This alternative interpretation suggests less cumulative labor investment in the construction of the mounds and might have significant implications for reconstructing the organization of the Marajoara culture. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Holocene molluscs from archaeological sites of the Pampean region of Argentina: Approaches to past human uses
Authors: Bonomo Mariano , Aguirre Marina L. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe aim of this study is to provide a regional review and update our knowledge of molluscan records from Late Quaternary (12.2–0.4 ka B.P.) archaeological sites of the Pampean region. Comparisons with molluscs from the modern littoral, Holocene beach ridges, and estuarine sediments are made, allowing a synthesis of the main taxa recovered and reinterpretations of the probable past human uses. Overall, the biological and archaeological data gathered reinforce the conclusion that most taxa living far from the intertidal zone were not linked to subsistence of Pampean hunter‐gatherers. However, sporadic consumption cannot be discarded, considering the sea‐level changes during the Holocene. Other uses including ornamentation, containers, tools, or symbolic meaning can be assigned to marine molluscs which were probably collected as dead shells from the fossil deposits or from the contemporary beach. Selection of the shells by humans related mainly to shell size, shape, and color, and not to their nutritional value. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Contribution of the anterior insula to temporal auditory processing deficits in developmental dyslexia
Authors: Steinbrink Claudia , Ackermann Hermann , Lachmann Thomas , Riecker Axel 
Published: December 2008

AbstractDevelopmental dyslexia has been assumed to arise from general auditory deficits, compromising rapid temporal integration both of linguistic and nonlinguistic acoustic stimuli. Because the effort of auditory temporal processing of speech and nonspeech test materials may depend on presentation rate, fMRI measurements were performed in dyslexics and controls during passive listening to series of syllable and click sounds, using a parametric approach. Controls showed a decrease of hemodynamic brain activation within the right and an increase within the left anterior insula as a function of the presentation rate both of click as well as syllable trains. By contrast, dyslexics exhibited this profile of hemodynamic responses under the nonspeech condition only. As concerns syllables, activation in dyslexics did not depend on presentation rate. Moreover, a subtraction analysis of hemodynamic main effects across conditions and groups revealed decreased activation both of the left and right anterior insula in dyslexics compared to controls during application both of click and syllables. These results indicate, in line with preceding studies, that the insula of both hemispheres is involved in auditory temporal processing of nonlinguistic auditory stimuli and demonstrate, furthermore, that these operations of intrasylvian cortex also extend to the linguistic domain. In addition, our data suggest that the anterior insula represents an important neural correlate of deficient temporal processing of speech and nonspeech sounds in dyslexia. Hum Brain Mapp 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pathology reporting in head and neck cancer—Snapshot of current status
Authors: King Bronwyn , Corry June 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBackgroundCurrently there is no standardized head and neck pathology reporting system in Victoria, Australia. The aim of this study was to document deficiencies in head and neck pathology reports at our institution.MethodsThe pathology reports of all patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who presented to Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre for postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) between January 1, 2004, and March 31, 2006, were critically assessed for 16 key pathological items.ResultsOnly 37% reports contained all the 16 items. The most commonly missing items were “diameter of the largest involved lymph node” (38%), “presence/absence of lymphovascular space invasion” (30%), “presence/absence of peri‐neural invasion” (28%), “clearance of margins in millimeters” (27%), and “presence/absence of extracapsular extension” (27%). The most variable item was the clearance in millimeters used to determine “clear margins”.ConclusionsSeveral of the most important pathological factors predicting locoregional relapse in HNSCC are currently the least reliably reported items in head and neck pathology reports. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Vascular fractal dimension and total vascular area in the study of oral cancer
Authors: Goutzanis Lampros P. , Papadogeorgakis Nikolaos , Pavlopoulos Petros M. , Petsinis Vasilis , Plochoras Ioannis , Eleftheriadis Efstathios , Pantelidaki Aikaterini , Patsouris Efstratios , Alexandridis Constantinos 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBackgroundMicrovessel quantification has been studied extensively as a factor reflecting angiogenesis in various malignant tumors. The aim of our study was to evaluate the vascular fractal dimension and the immunohistochemically positive total vascular area in oral cavity carcinomas in order to assess their potential value as factors reflecting angiogenesis.MethodsHistologic sections from 48 carcinomas and 17 nonmalignant mucosa specimens were evaluated by image analysis using fractal analysis software. Total vascular area was also quantified.ResultsCarcinomas presented higher mean values of vascular fractal dimension and total vascular area compared to normal mucosa. The difference for the vascular fractal dimension was statistically significant.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence that vascular fractal dimension could be used as a reliable factor reflecting angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma and that there are several statistically significant correlations among total vascular area, vascular fractal dimension, nuclear size, and clinicopathologic factors. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Examining expression of folate receptor in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck as a target for a novel nanotherapeutic drug
Authors: Saba Nabil F. , Wang Xu , Müller Susan , Tighiouart Mourad , Cho Kwangjae , Nie Shuming , Chen Zhuo (Georgia) , Shin Dong M. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBackgroundNanotechnology‐based drug delivery approaches may help increase therapeutic efficacy and decrease side effects of chemotherapeutics. We investigated expression levels of folate receptor in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) to evaluate folate receptor as a target for nanotherapy.MethodsFolate receptor expression levels in archival SCCHN tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinical parameters.ResultsFolate receptor was detected in 45% of primary tumors and 40% of corresponding lymph node metastases. Folate receptor expression in primary tumors of the metastatic group strongly correlated with the corresponding lymph node metastases (p = .0002). Folate receptor expression was inversely correlated with disease‐free survival in nonmetastatic (p = .0048), metastatic (p = .0127), and lymph node metastases (p <.001) groups, and with overall survival in the lymph node metastases group (p <.0001).ConclusionFolate receptor is expressed in a significant proportion of primary SCCHN and corresponding lymph node metastases tissues, and correlates with worse clinical outcome. These findings provide support for folate receptor‐mediated nanotherapeutics in SCCHN. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Use of single MRI and 18F‐FDG PET‐CT scans in both diagnosis and radiotherapy treatment planning in patients with head and neck cancer: Advantage on target volume and critical organ delineation
Authors: Gardner Miriam , Halimi Philippe , Valinta Danielle , Plantet Marie‐Madeleine , Alberini Jean‐Louis , Wartski Myriam , Banal Alain , Hans Stephane , Floiras Jean‐Louis , Housset Martin , Labib Alain 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBackgroundThe use of a single MRI and 18F‐fluoro deoxyglucose positron emission tomography‐CT (18F‐FDG PET‐CT) was evaluated, both in diagnostic procedure and radiotherapy planning, in patients with head and neck cancer.MethodsThirty‐five patients with nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal tumors were studied. The MRI and 18F‐FDG PET‐CT were used for both diagnostic work‐up and gross tumor volume and critical structure delineation. The interobserver variation (IOV) of volumes determined on MRI and CT by a radiotherapist and by a radiologist were compared as well as their impact on dose distribution.ResultsThe CT‐MRI decreased the IOV of parotid glands in 12 of 35 and target volume in 15 of 35 patients. The use of 18F‐FDG PET‐CT changed the treatment design in 6 of 21 patients.ConclusionsDiagnostic imaging performed in the treatment position can improve the accuracy of radiotherapy planning in case of intracranial tumor extension, heavy dental work, or contraindication for contrast‐enhanced CT, but not in the absence of these conditions. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Six New C21 Steroidal Glycosides from Cynanchum bungeiDecne
Authors: Gan Hao , Xiang Wen‐Juan , Ma Lei , Hu Li‐Hong 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSix new C21 steroidal glycosides 1–6 were isolated from the stem parts of Cynanchum bungei Decne. The structures of the new glycosides were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR and HR‐ESI‐MS techniques as well as by comparison of their spectral data with those of related compounds.
Furostane‐Type Steroidal Saponins from the Roots of Chlorophytum borivilianum
Authors: Acharya Debabrata , Mitaine‐Offer Anne‐Claire , Kaushik Nutan , Miyamoto Tomofumi , Paululat Thomas , Lacaille‐Dubois Marie‐Aleth 
Published: December 2008

AbstractFour new furostanol steroid saponins, borivilianosides A–D (1–4, resp.), corresponding to (3β,5α,22R,25R)‐26‐(β‐D‐glucopyranosyloxy)‐22‐hydroxyfurostan‐3‐yl O‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐O‐[α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)]‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside (1), (3β,5α,22R,25R)‐ 26‐(β‐D‐glucopyranosyloxy)‐22‐methoxyfurostan‐3‐yl O‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐O‐[α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)]‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside (2), (3β,5α,22R,25R)‐26‐(β‐D‐glucopyranosyloxy)‐22‐methoxyfurostan‐3‐yl O‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐O‐[β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→2)]‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside (3), and (3β,5α,25R)‐26‐(β‐D‐glucopyranosyloxy)furost‐20(22)‐en‐3‐yl O‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐O‐[β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→2)]‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside (4), together with the known tribuluside A and (3β,5α,22R,25R)‐26‐(β‐D‐glucopyranosyloxy)‐22‐methoxyfurostan‐3‐yl O‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐O‐[β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→3)]‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐O‐[α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)]‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside were isolated from the dried roots of Chlorophytum borivilianum Sant and Fern. Their structures were elucidated by 2D‐NMR analyses (COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, HSQC, and HMBC) and mass spectrometry.
Cycloaddition Reaction of 1,4‐Dihydronaphthalene 1,4‐Epoxide with Cyclooctatetraene: Cope Rearrangement in an Adduct
Authors: Menzek Abdullah , Kelebekli Latif , Altundaş Aliye , Şahin Ertan , Polat Fatoş 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe reaction of 1,4‐dihydro‐1,4‐epoxynaphthalene with cyclooctatetraene at 130±5° for 14 days gave the four products 2a,3,3a,4,9,9a,10,10a‐octahydro‐4,9‐epoxy‐3,10‐ethenocyclobuta[b]anthracene (13), 25‐oxanonacyclo[10.10.2.25,9.114,21.02,11.03,10.04,6.013,22.015,20]heptacosa‐7,15,17,19,23,26‐hexaene (14), 5,5a,6,6a,6b,6c,12a,12b,12c,13,13a,14‐dodecahydro‐5,14‐epoxy‐6,13‐ethenocycloocta[3′,4′]cyclobuta[1′,2′:3,4]cyclobuta[1,2‐b]anthracene (15) and bis‐adduct 16. The structures of the products were determined by spectroscopic methods. It was observed that adduct 14 undergoes a Cope rearrangement. The Cope rearrangement of this adduct was investigated in the temperature range of −85° to 100° by NMR spectroscopy.
Indole‐3‐carbinol inhibits MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cell motility and induces stress fibers and focal adhesion formation by activation of Rho kinase activity
Authors: Brew Christine T. , Aronchik Ida , Kosco Karena , McCammon Jasmine , Bjeldanes Leonard F. , Firestone Gary L. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractIndole‐3‐carbinol (I3C), a phytochemical derived from cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and Brussels sprouts, has potent antiproliferative effects in human breast cancer cells and has been shown to decrease metastatic spread of tumors in experimental animals. Using chemotaxis and fluorescent‐bead cell motility assays, we demonstrated that I3C significantly decreased the in vitro migration of MDA‐MB‐231 cells, a highly invasive breast cancer cell line. Immunofluorescence staining of the actin cytoskeleton revealed that concurrent with the loss of cell motility, I3C treatment significantly increased stress fiber formation. Furthermore, I3C induced the localization of the focal adhesion component vinculin and tyrosine‐phosphorylated proteins to the cell periphery, which implicates an indole‐dependent enhancement of focal adhesions within the outer boundary of the cells. Coimmunoprecipitation analysis of focal adhesion kinase demonstrated that I3C stimulated the dynamic formation of the focal adhesion protein complex without altering the total level of individual focal adhesion proteins. The RhoA‐Rho kinase pathway is involved in stress fiber and focal adhesion formation, and I3C treatment stimulated Rho kinase enzymatic activity and cofilin phosphorylation, which is a downstream target of Rho kinase signaling, but did not increase the level of active GTP‐bound RhoA. Exposure of MDA‐MB‐231 cells to the Rho kinase inhibitor Y‐27632, or expression of dominant negative RhoA ablated the I3C induced formation of stress fibers and of peripheral focal adhesions. Expression of constitutively active RhoA mimicked the I3C effects on both processes. Taken together, our data demonstrate that I3C induces stress fibers and peripheral focal adhesions in a Rho kinase‐dependent manner that leads to an inhibition of motility in human breast cancer cells. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chemoprevention of rat hepatocarcinogenesis with histone deacetylase inhibitors: Efficacy of tributyrin, a butyric acid prodrug
Authors: Kuroiwa‐Trzmielina Joice , de Conti Aline , Scolastici Clarissa , Pereira Douglas , Horst Maria Aderuza , Purgatto Eduardo , Ong Thomas Prates , Moreno Fernando Salvador 
Published: December 2008

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks in prevalence and mortality among top 10 cancers worldwide. Butyric acid (BA), a member of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) has been proposed as an anticarcinogenic agent. However, its short half‐life is a therapeutical limitation. This problem could be circumvented with tributyrin (TB), a proposed BA prodrug. To investigate TB effectiveness for chemoprevention, rats were treated with the compound during initial phases of “resistant hepatocyte” model of hepatocarcinogenesis, and cellular and molecular parameters were evaluated. TB inhibited (p < 0.05) development of hepatic preneoplastic lesions (PNL) including persistent ones considered HCC progression sites. TB increased (p < 0.05) PNL remodeling, a process whereby they tend to disappear. TB did not inhibit cell proliferation in PNL, but induced (p < 0.05) apoptosis in remodeling ones. Compared to controls, rats treated with TB presented increased (p < 0.05) hepatic levels of BA indicating its effectiveness as a prodrug. Molecular mechanisms of TB‐induced hepatocarcinogenesis chemoprevention were investigated. TB increased (p < 0.05) hepatic nuclear histone H3K9 hyperacetylation specifically in PNL and p21 protein expression, which could be associated with inhibitory HDAC effects. Moreover, it reduced (p < 0.05) the frequency of persistent PNL with aberrant cytoplasmic p53 accumulation, an alteration associated with increased malignancy. Original data observed in our study support the effectiveness of TB as a prodrug of BA and as an HDACi in hepatocarcinogenesis chemoprevention. Besides histone acetylation and p21 restored expression, molecular mechanisms involved with TB anticarcinogenic actions could also be related to modulation of p53 pathways. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.