bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multitemporal climate variability over the Atlantic Ocean and Eurasia: linkages with Mediterranean and West African climate
Authors: Paz Shlomit , Tourre Yves M. , Brolley Justin 
Published: May 2008

AbstractMore linkages between the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO, and thermohaline circulation), the Polar vortex oscillation (PVO, and vorticity intrusion), the North Africa–West Asia index (NAWA, and NA–WA poles) and Sahelian rainfall, are investigated. Significant positive correlations are found between winter/spring AMO and spring NA pole. Significant positive (negative) correlations are found between winter PVO and NAWA (WA pole). NAWA is shown being modulated by winter AMO to the west, and winter PVO over Eurasia to the east. Winter AMO and PVO can thus be used operationally by decision makers as early predictors of Mediterranean climate and Sahelian rainfall during summer. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
MAP D‐PHASE: real‐time demonstration of hydrological ensemble prediction systems
Authors: Zappa Massimiliano , Rotach Mathias W. , Arpagaus Marco , Dorninger Manfred , Hegg Christoph , Montani Andrea , Ranzi Roberto , Ament Felix , Germann Urs , Grossi Giovanna , Jaun Simon , Rossa Andrea , Vogt Stephan , Walser André , Wehrhan Johannes , Wunram Claudia 
Published: May 2008

AbstractMesoscale Alpine Programme Demonstration of Probabilistic Hydrological and Atmospheric Simulation of Flood Events (MAP D‐PHASE) is a forecast demonstration project aiming at demonstrating recent improvements in the operational use of end‐to‐end forecasting system consisting of atmospheric models, hydrological prediction systems, nowcasting tools and warnings for end‐users. Both deterministic and ensemble prediction systems (EPSs) have been implemented for the European Alps (atmospheric models) and a selection of mesoscale river basins (hydrological models) in Central Europe. A first insight into MAP D‐PHASE with focus on operational ensemble hydrological simulations is presented here. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Influence of chondroitin sulfate on collagen gel structure and mechanical properties at physiologically relevant levels
Authors: Stuart Kate , Panitch Alyssa 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe ability to alter collagen organization could lead to more physiologically relevant scaffolds for tissue engineering. This study examined collagen organization in the presence of polysaccharide and the resulting effects on viscoelastic properties. Fibrillogenesis in the presence of chondroitin sulfate (CS) resulted in changes in the collagen network organization with an increase in void space present. The increased void space caused by CS addition correlated with a decreased stiffness of the collagen gel. These changes occurred with physiologically relevant ratios of collagen to CS, at physiological pH and ionic strength, and without a decrease in the amount of collagen incorporated into fibrils. The addition of dextran, an uncharged polysaccharide, yielded no change in network void space or mechanical properties. Changes in fibril diameter caused by CS or dextran were not correlated with mechanical properties. The results of this study demonstrate that collagen organization can be modified by the addition of GAG, leading to altered matrix mechanical properties. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 89: 841–851, 2008.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Controlled Synthesis and Luminescence of Semiconductor Nanorods
Authors: Li Peng , Wang Leyu , Wang Lun , Li Yadong 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA variety of nearly monodisperse semiconductor nanocrystals, such as CdS, ZnS, and ZnS:Mn, with controllable aspect ratios have been successfully prepared through a facile synthetic process. These as‐prepared nanocrystals were obtained from the reactions between metal ions and thioacetamide by employing octadecylamine or oleylamine as the surfactants. The effects of reaction temperature and time, ratios of thioacetamide to inorganic precursors, and the reactant content on the size and crystal purity of the nanorods, have been systematically investigated. The optical properties and the formation mechanism of the nanorods have also been discussed. For the next biolabel applications, these hydrophobic nanocrystals have also been transferred into hydrophilic colloidal spheres by means of an emulsion‐based bottom‐up self‐assembly approach.
Pillaring of CdCl2‐Like Layers in Lanthanide Metal–Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Structure, and Photophysical Properties
Authors: Mahata Partha , Ramya K. V. , Natarajan Srinivasan 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA hydrothermal reaction of lanthanide salts, pyridine‐2,3‐dicarboxylic acid, benzene‐1,4‐dicarboxylic acid, and water gave rise to a new series of three‐dimensional mixed carboxylates (homocyclic and heterocyclic) of lanthanides with the general formula [M2(H2O)4][{C5H3N(COO)2}2{C6H4(COO)2}], M=La (I), Pr (II), and Nd (III). The structure consists of M2O14N2 dimeric units connected by pyridine‐2,3‐dicarboxylate moieties to form two‐dimensional layers that are pillared by terephthalate units. The structures also possess two coordinated water molecules, which are arranged to form one‐dimensional helical chains and can be reversibly adsorbed. The connectivity within the layers closely resembles that of the CdCl2 layered structure with 36 topology. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first observation of CdCl2 topology in lanthanide metal–organic framework compounds. Partial substitution of La3+ in I by Eu3+ and Tb3+ (2 and 4 %) gives rise to characteristic red/pink or green emission, which suggests a ligand‐sensitized metal‐centered emission. The Nd compound III shows interesting UV and blue emission through an up‐conversion process.
Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral Phosphanes
Authors: Glueck David S. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractChiral phosphanes, important ligands for metal‐catalyzed asymmetric syntheses, are often prepared with compounds from the chiral pool, by using stoichiometric chiral auxiliaries, or by resolution. In some cases, this class of valuable compounds can be prepared more efficiently by catalytic asymmetric synthesis. This Concepts article presents an overview of these synthetic methods, including recent advances in catalysis by metal complexes, biocatalysis, organocatalysis, and ligand‐accelerated catalysis.
Virgin hemp seed oil: An interesting niche product
Authors: Matthäus Bertrand , Brühl Ludger 
Published: May 2008

AbstractVirgin hemp seed oil is not widespread on the market, although it is characterised by an interesting fatty acid composition with a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Linoleic acid is the predominant fatty acid, which comes, together with α‐linolenic acid (18:3n‐3), to approximately 80% of the total fatty acids. From a nutritional point of view, up to 7% γ‐linolenic acid (18:3n‐6) and 2.5% stearidonic acid (18:4n‐3) are very interesting. The total amount of tocopherols is high between 80 and 110 mg/100 g, with γ‐tocopherol as the main tocopherol (85%). Due to the high amount of unsaturated fatty acids, hemp seed oil is very susceptible to oxidative deterioration, which results in a fast impairment of the oil during storage. In addition, the high amounts of chlorophyll in the oil due to harvesting of high amounts of immature seeds require light protection, which is often neglected because of merchandising purposes. The virgin oil is characterised by a nutty taste with a slightly bitter aftertaste. The use of virgin hemp seed oil is recommended during mild processing of food without heat.
Bitter off‐taste in stored cold‐pressed linseed oil obtained from different varieties
Authors: Brühl Ludger , Matthäus Bertrand , Scheipers Anne , Hofmann Thomas 
Published: May 2008

AbstractFreshly pressed linseed oil shows a delicate nutty flavor. However, after only 1 day of storage, a bitter off‐taste develops. It is caused mainly by the formation of a cyclic octa‐peptide named cyclolinopeptide E (CLE) containing the oxidized amino acid methionine. A simple and fast determination by solid‐phase extraction and high‐performance liquid chromatography with UV detection has been developed in order to measure the formation of this cyclic peptide during storage in correlation with the increasing bitter off‐taste of the oil, which was determined by a sensory panel. The development of this bitter off‐taste was analyzed in several oils prepared from linseed of a single variety from seeds obtained during a growing test. Highest bitterness was perceived in oil from the variety Eurodor, corresponding to CLE contents of 925 mg/kg, and lowest bitterness was perceived in oil from the variety Baladin, corresponding to a CLE content of 485 mg/kg. In some varieties, additional bitter compounds might be present in significant amounts.
Evaluation of the volatile and chiral composition in Pistacia lentiscus L. essential oil
Authors: Lo Presti Maria , Sciarrone Danilo , Crupi Maria Lucia , Costa Rosaria , Ragusa Salvatore , Dugo Giovanni , Mondello Luigi 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn the present research, the chemical composition of the volatiles present in the fresh leaves and twigs of Pistacia lentiscus L. was determined by using GC–FID and GC–MS. In past years the oil was employed in the perfumery, food and pharmaceutical industries, while recently it has been re‐evaluated as a flavouring in alcoholic beverages and chewing gums, due to the natural production of the exudate called ‘mastic gum’. The present study was carried out on Sicilian plants with the aim of integrating the already existing information on the chemical composition of the oil. The oil samples were obtained using traditional hydrodistillation (HD) and simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE). For the first time, the enantiomeric distribution of 17 chiral couples by means of enantioselective multidimensional gas chromatography (Es‐MDGC), was determined. The results showed that more compounds were detected in the SDE extract (96 components) than in the HD extract (62 components). Several minor components contained in the HD product probably contribute significantly to its aromatic properties and could be useful for chemotaxonomic characterization. P. lentiscus L. leaf and twig oil, although not considered until now, could be employed as a flavour contributor or as food preservative. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of a “make” or internal human resource management system in Spanish manufacturing companies: Empirical evidence
Authors: Lytras Miltiadis D. , Pablos Patricia Ordóñez de 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe combined study of the literature about human resource management and the resource‐based view of the firm and organizational learning provides an analysis framework useful for understanding how strategic human resource management systems contribute to the creation and development of a sustained competitive advantage for the firm. This article has two major aims. First, it provides a conceptual framework linking simultaneously three theoretical blocks: (a) human resource management, (b) organizational learning and knowledge management, and (c) sustained competitive advantage. Second, the article builds a causal model and tests it with a sample of Spanish firms from the manufacturing industry using structural equation modeling (SEM). After the performance of a cluster analysis, a group of 72 learning firms is identified and used to test the model. Finally, major conclusions and implications for management are drawn and further avenues for research are suggested. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Flavonoids and ovarian cancer risk: A case–control study in Italy
Authors: Rossi Marta , Negri Eva , Lagiou Pagona , Talamini Renato , Dal Maso Luigino , Montella Maurizio , Franceschi Silvia , La Vecchia Carlo 
Published: May 2008

AbstractFlavonoids belong to a vast group of polyphenols widely distributed in all foods of plant origin. Because of their antioxidant, antimutagenic and antiproliferative properties, they have been hypothesized to contribute to the favorable effects of fruit and vegetables against cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the relation of 6 classes of flavonoids (flavan‐3‐ols, flavanones, flavonols, flavones, anthocyanidins and isoflavones) with ovarian cancer risk, using data from a multicentric case–control study conducted in Italy between 1992 and 1999. The study included 1,031 cases with incident, histologically confirmed epithelial ovarian cancer and 2,411 controls admitted for acute, nonneoplastic conditions to major hospitals in the same catchment areas. In logistic regression models including study center, education, year of interview, parity, oral contraceptive use and family history of ovarian or breast cancer or both, an inverse relation with significant trend in risk was found between ovarian cancer and flavonols [odds ratio (OR), 0.63; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.47–0.84] as well as isoflavones (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.37–0.69), comparing the highest versus the lowest quintile. Further adjustment for fruit and vegetable intake did not modify these associations, suggesting that isoflavones and flavonols may have a distinct role in explaining the effect of fruit and vegetable against ovarian cancer. On the basis of our findings and the relevant literature, we infer that isoflavones, and perhaps flavonols, may have favorable effects with respect to ovarian cancer risk. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impact of polymer hydrophilicity on biocompatibility: Implication for DES polymer design
Authors: Hezi‐Yamit Ayala , Sullivan Carol , Wong Jennifer , David Laura , Chen Mingfei , Cheng Peiwen , Shumaker David , Wilcox Josiah N. , Udipi Kishore 
Published: May 2008

AbstractPolymer coatings are essential for local delivery of drug from the stent platform. In designing a DES, it is critical to balance the hydrophilic and hydrophobic components of the polymer system to obtain optimal biocompatibility, while maintaining controlled drug elution. This study investigates the impact of polymer composition of the BioLinx™ polymer blend on in vitro biocompatibility, as measured by monocytic adhesion. Comparable evaluation was performed with polymers similar to those utilized in various DES that are currently being marketed. Relative hydrophilicities of polymer surfaces were determined through contact angle measurements and surface analyses. Polymer biocompatibility was evaluated in a novel in vitro assay system in which activated monocyte cells were exposed to polymer coated on 96‐well plates. Enhanced monocyte adhesion was observed with polymers of a more hydrophobic nature, whereas those which were more hydrophilic did not induce activated monocyte adhesion. Our data supports the hypothesis that polymer composition is a feature that dictates in vitro biocompatibility as measured by monocyte driven inflammation. Monocyte adhesion has been shown to induce local inflammation as well as promote vascular cell proliferation factors contributing to in stent restenosis (Rogers et al., Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1996;16:1312–1318). Observed results suggest hydrophobic but not hydrophilic polymer surfaces support adhesion of activated monoctyes to the polymer scaffold. The proprietary DES polymer blend BioLinx has a hydrophilic surface architecture and does not induce an inflammatory response as measured by these in vitro assays. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Aspects of the in vitro bioactivity of hydraulic calcium (alumino)silicate cement
Authors: Coleman Nichola J. , Awosanya Kunle , Nicholson John W. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn response to a burgeoning interest in the prospective clinical applications of hydraulic calcium (alumino)silicate cements, the in vitro bioactivity and dissolution characteristics of a white Portland cement have been investigated. The formation of an apatite layer within 6 h of contact with simulated body fluid was attributed to the rapid dissolution of calcium hydroxide from the cement matrix and to the abundance of pre‐existing SiOH nucleation sites presented by the calcium silicate hydrate phase. A simple kinetic model has been used to describe the rate of apatite formation and an apparent pseudo‐second‐order rate constant for the removal of HPO42− ions from solution has been calculated (k2 = 5.8 ×10−4 g mg−1 min−1). Aspects of the chemistry of hydraulic cements are also discussed with respect to their potential use in the remedial treatment of living tissue. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Pertussis toxin induces angiogenesis in brain microvascular endothelial cells
Authors: Lu Changming , Pelech Steven , Zhang Hong , Bond Jeffrey , Spach Karen , Noubade Rajkumar , Blankenhorn Elizabeth P. , Teuscher Cory 
Published: May 2008

AbstractPertussis toxin (PTX) is an ancillary adjuvant used to elicit experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), the principal autoimmune model of multiple sclerosis. One mechanism whereby PTX potentiates EAE is to increase blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability. To elucidate further the mechanism of action of PTX on the BBB, we investigated the genomic and proteomic responses of isolated mouse brain endothelial cells (MBEC) following intoxication. Among ∼14,000 mouse genes tracked by cDNA microarray, 34 showed altered expression in response to PTX. More than one‐third of these genes have roles in angiogenesis. Accordingly, we show that intoxication of MBEC induces tube formation in vitro and angiogenesis in vivo. The global effect of PTX on signaling protein levels and phosphorylation in MBEC was investigated by using Kinex antibody microarrays. In total, 113 of 372 pan‐specific and 58 of 258 phospho‐site‐specific antibodies revealed changes ≥25% following intoxication. Increased STAT1 Tyr‐701 and Ser‐727 phosphorylation; reduced phosphorylation of the activating phospho‐sites in Erk1, Erk2, and MAPKAPK2; and decreased phosphorylation of arrestin β1 Ser‐412 and Hsp27 Ser‐82 were confirmed by Kinetworks multi‐immunoblotting. The importance of signal transduction pathways on PTX‐induced MBEC tube formation was evaluated pharmacologically. Inhibition of phospholipase C, MEK1, and p38 MAP kinase had little effect, whereas inhibition of cAMP‐dependent protein kinase, protein kinase C, and phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase partially blocked tube formation. Taken together, these findings are consistent with the concept that PTX may lead to increased BBB permeability by altering endothelial plasticity and angiogenesis. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A meshless method for numerical solution of a linear hyperbolic equation with variable coefficients in two space dimensions
Authors: Dehghan Mehdi , Shokri Ali 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA meshless method is proposed for the numerical solution of the two space dimensional linear hyperbolic equation subject to appropriate initial and Dirichlet boundary conditions. The new developed scheme uses collocation points and approximates the solution employing thin plate splines radial basis functions. Numerical results are obtained for various cases involving variable, singular and constant coefficients, and are compared with analytical solutions to confirm the good accuracy of the presented scheme. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2009
Systemic calciphylaxis
Authors: Suryadevara Manika , Schurman Scott J. , Landas Steve K. , Philip Abraham , Gerlach Christopher B. , Tavares Trisha , Souid Abdul‐Kader 
Published: May 2008

AbstractAn 11‐year‐old male developed systemic calciphylaxis during induction therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. His predisposing conditions were hypercalcemia, supplements for pamidronate‐induced hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia and renal insufficiency. He died of cardiorespiratory arrest on the 20th day of induction treatment. Autopsy revealed extensive calcium deposits in the heart, lungs and kidneys. He had diffused alveolar damage, acute tubular necrosis, chronic pancreatitis and marked hepatic steatosis. Systemic calcium deposition may progress rapidly in children with hypercalcemia of malignancy. Since pamidronate reduces mineral resorption from tissues, calcium and phosphate replacements increase systemic mineral deposits. Thus, mineral supplements should be considered only to combat symptoms. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51:548–550. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Attempts to prevent holiday‐related diabetic foot ulceration
Authors: Pickin R , Kaye L , Bush A , Thomas C , Gill GV 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe risk of diabetic foot ulceration is increased on holidays (‘ Diabetic Holiday Foot Syndrome’), often related to barefoot walking and poorly fitting sandals or beach shoes.We introduced an intensive educational programme in our clinic population in order to increase awareness of the problem and advise on preventive approaches. Case notes were audited for the year before (Year 1) and year after (Year 2) introduction of the programme to assess the impact on holiday‐related foot ulceration, and its characteristics.In Year 1 there were three new holiday foot ulcers, out of a total of 52 new ulcers in the year (5.8%). In Year 2 the figure was four out of 55 (7.3%). The difference was not significant. There was evidence from individual case histories that educational messages were being received but ignored in a holiday situation.New preventive strategies, other than direct patient education, will be needed if the prevalence of holiday‐related diabetic foot ulceration is to be reduced. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons.
Identification of potential serum biomarkers of inflammation and lipid modulation that are altered by fish oil supplementation in healthy volunteers
Authors: de Roos Baukje , Geelen Anouk , Ross Karen , Rucklidge Garry , Reid Martin , Duncan Gary , Caslake Muriel , Horgan Graham , Brouwer Ingeborg A. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractLong chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐3 LCPUFA) lower risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), but mechanisms are not well understood. We used proteomics to identify human serum proteins that are altered by n‐3 LCPUFA. Such proteins could identify pathways whereby they affect CHD. Eighty‐one healthy volunteers entered a double blind randomised trial to receive 3.5 g of fish oil or 3.5 g of high oleic sunflower oil daily. Serum was collected before and after 6 wk of intervention. Serum was analysed by proteomics using 2‐DE. Proteins that were differentially regulated were identified by MS. We also analysed serum apolipoprotein A1 (apo A1), high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) particle size and haptoglobin. Serum levels of apo A1, apo L1, zinc‐α‐2‐glycoprotein, haptoglobin precursor, α‐1‐antitrypsin precursor, antithrombin III‐like protein, serum amyloid P component and haemopexin were significantly downregulated (all p<0.05) by fish oil compared with high oleic sunflower oil supplementation. Fish oil supplementation caused a significant shift towards the larger, more cholesterol‐rich HDL2 particle. The alterations in serum proteins and HDL size imply that fish oil activates anti‐inflammatory and lipid modulating mechanisms believed to impede the early onset of CHD. These proteins are potential diagnostic biomarkers to assess the mechanisms whereby fish oil protects against CHD in humans.