bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of batch fluidized‐bed drying by mathematical modeling, CFD simulation and ECT measurement
Authors: Wang H. G. , Yang W. Q. , Senior P. , Raghavan R. S. , Duncan S. R. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractMathematical modeling, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) is used to develop an understanding of batch fluidized‐bed drying, which is a complex air‐solids, multiphase process. The mathematical model is based on a three‐phase theory that describes the mass‐and heat‐transfer between the air and solids phases. The CFD model is based on a two‐fluid model (TFM) approach, in which both phases are considered to be continuous and fully interpenetrating. The hydrodynamic parameters used to model the heat‐and mass‐transfer between the two phases are determined by a correlation approach, and the estimated parameters are incorporated into a user defined function (UDF) in FLUENT. The moisture diffusion in the air and solids phases is simulated using the user defined scalar (UDS) transport equation in the software package. ECT is used for the online solids concentration and moisture measurement, based on dynamic calibration. Comprehensive comparisons between results from mathematical modeling, CFD simulation and ECT measurement are presented, and are validated using experiment results. Online measurement of moisture content is compared with a static calibration. The mathematical model, CFD and ECT presented are being integrated into an online process control system for a batch fluidized‐bed drying application in the pharmaceutical industry. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2008
Danazol therapy for aplastic anemia refractory to immunosuppressive therapy
Authors: Chuhjo Tatsuya , Yamazaki Hirohito , Omine Mitsuhiro , Nakao Shinji 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAlthough there are anecdotal reports of the efficacy of danazol in the treatment of aplastic anemia (AA), there has been no systematic study to clarify its efficacy and toxicity. Therefore, we assessed the efficacy of danazol for treatment of patients with AA refractory to immunosuppressive therapy (IST) and those who relapsed after IST, in a prospective clinical trial. Sixteen patients (12 males and four females; six severe cases and 10 moderate cases) were treated with 300 mg of danazol daily for 12 weeks. All patients completed the treatment period without occurrence of severe toxicity. Three female patients achieved partial remission, whereas only two of the 12 male patients did so. None of the responders had shown a response to previous IST or an increase in the percentage of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)‐type cells which are known to be a marker for a good response to IST. These findings indicate that danazol is effective for a subset of AA patients, and particularly for female patients with AA refractory to IST. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Validation of a targeted DNA microarray for the clinical evaluation of recurrent abnormalities in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Patel Ankita , Kang Sung‐Hae , Lennon Patrick Alan , Li Yin Feng , Rao P. Nagesh , Abruzzo Lynne , Shaw Chad , Chinault Alan Craig , Cheung Sau W 
Published: December 2007

AbstractRecurrent genomic alterations, mainly losses and gains of specific chromosomes and/or regions, in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are recognized as important independent predictors of prognosis and disease progression. The current standard clinical practice for identifying these alterations is chromosome analysis and in situ hybridization with probes targeting 4–5 chromosome regions. We sought to apply array comparative genomic hybridization (array‐CGH) technology for the simultaneous detection of genomic imbalances of all loci implicated in CLL. DNA from enriched B‐cells from CLL patients were analyzed by array‐CGH on a customized CLL BAC array. Copy number changes were detected in 87% of samples with a sensitivity of 100% in samples with clonal abnormalities present in at least 23% of the cells. Furthermore, in nine cases genomic alterations were observed that were undetectable by standard cytogenetic and/or FISH analyses. One of these patients had a 13q14 deletion that was missed by the clinical CLL FISH panel probe set. Our results suggest that a subset of potentially significant genomic alterations in CLL is being missed by the current available techniques. Furthermore, this pilot study clearly shows the robustness, high sensitivity, and high specificity for the targeted CLL microarray analysis as well as the potential for use in routine screening in CLL. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Occupational hypersensitivity pneumonitis due to molds in an onion and potato sorter
Authors: Merget R. , Sander I. , Rozynek P. , Raulf‐Heimsoth M. , Bruening T. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA 42‐year‐old female non‐smoking onion and potato sorter developed work‐related shortness of breath, cough, fatigue and flu‐like symptoms. The diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis was based on patchy infiltrates in both lungs on high resolution computed tomography and lymphocytosis of 71% in a bronchoalveolar lavage sample with a CD4/CD8 ratio of 0.4. Exposure cessation and initial corticosteroid therapy resulted in complete recovery. IgG antibodies to Penicillium species and Fusarium solani cultivated from samples from the patient's workplace were detected in the patient's serum and cross‐reactivity was demonstrated within Penicillium species, but also between Penicillium species and Aspergillus fumigatus. We conclude that occupational hypersensitivity pneumonitis due to molds may develop in onion and potato sorters. Am. J. Ind. Med. 51:117–119, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association between duration of daily visual display terminal work and insomnia among local government clerks in Japan
Authors: Yoshioka Eiji , Saijo Yasuaki , Fukui Tomonori , Kawaharada Mariko , Kishi Reiko 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundVisual display terminal (VDT) work has become very common among office workers in developed countries; however, studies investigating the association between the duration of daily VDT work and insomnia are limited.MethodsThe aim of this study was to clarify the association between the duration of daily VDT work and sleep disturbances. We investigated 2,417 clerks (men, 2,030; women, 387) at local government offices. Sleep disturbances were evaluated using the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS).ResultsVDT work of 6 hr or more per day was significantly associated with insomnia (odds ratio = 1.62, 95% confidence interval: 1.16–2.27) and, in particular, caused problems with “total sleep duration” and “sleepiness during the day” among sleep‐related symptoms, even after adjusting for possible confounding factors.ConclusionsOur study suggested that VDT work of 6 hr or longer per day was related to insomnia. Am. J. Ind. Med. 51:148–156, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
JCQ scale reliability and responsiveness to changes in manufacturing process
Authors: d'Errico Angelo , Punnett Laura , Gold Judith E. , Gore Rebecca 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundThe job content questionnaire (JCQ) was administered to automobile manufacturing workers in two interviews, 5 years apart. Between the two interviews, the company introduced substantial changes in production technology in some production areas. The aims were: (1) to describe the impact of these changes on self‐reported psychosocial exposures, and (2) to examine test–retest reliability of the JCQ scales, taking into account changes in job assignment and, for a subset of workers, physical ergonomic exposures as assessed through field observations.MethodsThe study population included 790 subjects at the first and 519 at the second interview, of whom 387 were present in both. Differences in demand and control scores between interviews were analyzed by Wilcoxon matched‐pairs signed‐rank test. Test–retest reliability of these scales was evaluated by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the Spearman's ρ coefficient.ResultsThe introduction of more automated technology produced an overall increase in job control but did not decrease psychological demand. The reliability of the control scale was low overall but increased to an acceptable level among workers who had not changed job. The demand scale had high reliability only among workers whose physical ergonomic exposures were similar on both survey occasions.ConclusionsThese results show that 5‐year test–retest reliability of self‐reported psychosocial exposures is adequate among workers whose job assignment and ergonomic exposures have remained stable over time. Am. J. Ind. Med. 51:138–147, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Does APOE explain the linkage of Alzheimer's disease to chromosome 19q13?
Authors: Blom Elin S. , Holmans Peter , Arepalli Sampath , Adighibe Omanma , Hamshere Marian L. , Gatz Margaret , Pedersen Nancy L. , Bergem A. L. Mina , Owen Michael J. , Hollingworth Paul , Goate Alison , Williams Julie , Lannfelt Lars , Hardy John , Wavrant‐De Vrièze Fabienne , Glaser Anna 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe have studied the impact of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) on the chromosome 19 linkage peak from an analysis of sib‐pairs affected by Alzheimer's disease. We genotyped 417 affected sib‐pairs (ASPs) collected in Sweden and Norway (SWE), the UK and the USA for 10 microsatellite markers on chromosome 19. The highest Zlr (3.28, chromosome‐wide P‐value 0.036) from the multipoint linkage analysis was located approximately 1 Mb from APOE, at marker D19S178. The linkage to chromosome 19 was well explained by APOE in the whole sample as well as in the UK and USA subsamples, as identity by descent (IBD) increased with the number of ε4 alleles in ASPs. There was a suggestion from the SWE subsample that linkage was higher than would be expected from APOE alone, although the test for this did not reach formal statistical significance. There was also a significant age at onset (aao) effect on linkage to chromosome 19q13 in the whole sample, which manifested itself as increased IBD sharing in relative pairs with lower mean aao. This effect was partially, although not completely, explained by APOE. The aao effect varied considerably between the different subsamples, with most of the effect coming from the UK sample. The other samples showed smaller effects in the same direction, but these were not significant. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An investigation of mitochondrial haplogroups in autism
Authors: Kent Lindsey , Gallagher Louise , Elliott Hannah R. , Mowbray Catherine , Chinnery Patrick F. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractFamily and twin studies provide strong evidence of a major genetic influence in autism, but the underlying gene defects have yet to be characterized. The mothers of boys with autism share autistic traits, raising the possibility of a maternally inherited factor. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is almost exclusively inherited down the maternal line. We therefore explored the possibility that a particular mtDNA lineage contributes to the risk of developing autism. The mtDNA haplogroup was determined in 162 autism probands, and compared to two sets of population controls. Results show no compelling evidence of an association of any mitochondrial haplogroup in autism. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Traditional nutritional analyses of figs overestimates intake of most nutrient fractions: a study of Ficus perforata consumed by howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata mexicana)
Authors: Urquiza‐Haas Tania , Serio‐Silva Juan Carlos , Hernández‐Salazar Laura Teresa 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThere continue to remain uncertainty concerning the nutritional importance of figs (Ficus spp.) in the primate diet. Although studies have been performed on the nutritional analysis of fig pulp and seed fractions separately, there has not been an attempt to quantify the contribution of animal matter within figs. Here we report nutritional values of figs (Ficus perforata) (Urostigma) consumed by a troop of howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata mexicana). Separate nutritional assays were performed on the pulp, seed, and animal fraction. Whole‐fig analyses significantly exaggerate the concentrations of all nutrients (lipids especially) as seeds, which represent a large proportion of the fig (45%), cannot be digested. Animal matter only represents 1% of the fig, and augments fig protein and lipid content by 0.44 and 0.30%, respectively. This represents the 11 and 9% of the fraction available for digestion. Differences in fig consumption were observed between age and sex classes (P=0.04) and periods of the day (P=0.001); females consumed more figs than males and the highest consumption of figs was observed in the afternoon. F. perforata figs may be an important component of the howler monkeys diet owing to their high content of water and calcium. Am. J. Primatol. 70:432–438, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic admixture, relatedness, and structure patterns among Mexican populations revealed by the Y‐chromosome
Authors: Rangel‐Villalobos H. , Muñoz‐Valle J.F. , González‐Martín A. , Gorostiza A. , Magaña M.T. , Páez‐Riberos L.A. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractY‐linked markers are suitable loci to analyze genetic diversity of human populations, offering knowledge of medical, forensic, and anthropological interest. In a population sample of 206 Mestizo males from western Mexico, we analyzed two binary loci (M3 and YAP) and six Y‐STRs, adding to the analysis data of Mexican Mestizos and Amerindians, and relevant worldwide populations. The paternal ancestry estimated in western Mexican‐Mestizos was mainly European (60–64%), followed by Amerindian (25–21%), and African (∼15%). Significant genetic heterogeneity was established between Mestizos from western (Jalisco State) and northern Mexico (Chihuahua State) compared with Mexicans from the center of the Mexican Republic (Mexico City), this attributable to higher European ancestry in western and northern than in central and southeast populations, where higher Amerindian ancestry was inferred. This genetic structure has important implications for medical and forensic purposes. Two different Pre‐Hispanic evolutionary processes were evident. In Mesoamerican region, populations presented higher migration rate (Nm = 24.76), promoting genetic homogeneity. Conversely, isolated groups from the mountains and canyons of the Western and Northern Sierra Madre (Huichols and Tarahumaras, respectively) presented a lower migration rate (Nm = 10.27) and stronger genetic differentiation processes (founder effect and/or genetic drift), constituting a Pre‐Hispanic population substructure. Additionally, Tarahumaras presented a higher frequency of Y‐chromosomes without Q3 that was explained by paternal European admixture (15%) and, more interestingly, by a distinctive Native‐American ancestry. In Purepechas, a special admixture process involving preferential integration of non‐Purepecha women in their communities could explain contrary genetic evidences (autosomal vs. Y‐chromosome) for this tribe. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Alu insertion polymorphisms and an assessment of the genetic contribution of Central Asia to Anatolia with respect to the Balkans
Authors: Berkman Ceren Caner , Dinc Havva , Sekeryapan Ceran , Togan Inci 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIn the evolutionary history of modern humans, Anatolia acted as a bridge between the Caucasus, the Near East, and Europe. Because of its geographical location, Anatolia was subject to migrations from multiple different regions throughout time. The last, well‐known migration was the movement of Turkic speaking, nomadic groups from Central Asia. They invaded Anatolia and then the language of the region was gradually replaced by the Turkic language. In the present study, insertion frequencies of 10 Alu loci (A25 = 0.07, APO = 0.96, TPA25 = 0.44, ACE = 0.37, B65 = 0.57, PV92 = 0.18, FXIIIB = 0.52, D1 = 0.40, HS4.32 = 0.66, and HS4.69 = 0.30) have been determined in the Anatolian population. Together with the data compiled from other databases, the similarity of the Anatolian population to that of the Balkans and Central Asia has been visualized by multidimensional scaling method. Analysis suggested that, genetically, Anatolia is more closely related with the Balkan populations than to the Central Asian populations. Central Asian contribution to Anatolia with respect to the Balkans was quantified with an admixture analysis. Furthermore, the association between the Central Asian contribution and the language replacement episode was examined by comparative analysis of the Central Asian contribution to Anatolia, Azerbaijan (another Turkic speaking country) and their neighbors. In the present study, the Central Asian contribution to Anatolia was estimated as 13%. This was the lowest value among the populations analyzed. This observation may be explained by Anatolia having the lowest migrant/resident ratio at the time of migrations. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adult proportionality in small‐bodied foragers: A test of ecogeographic expectations
Authors: Kurki H.K. , Ginter J.K. , Stock J.T. , Pfeiffer S. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIf predictable, ecogeographic patterning in body size and proportions of human populations can provide valuable information regarding human biology, adaptation to local environments, migration histories, and health, now and in the past. This paper evaluates the assumption that small‐bodied Later Stone Age (LSA) foragers of Southern Africa show the adult proportions that would be expected of warm‐adapted populations. Comparisons are also made with small‐bodied foragers from the Andaman Islands (AI). Indices including brachial, crural, limb element length to skeletal trunk height, and femoral head and bi‐iliac breadth to femoral length were calculated from samples of LSA (n = 124) and AI (n = 31) adult skeletons. Samples derived from the literature include those from high (Europe), middle (North Africa), and low (Sub‐Saharan Africa) latitude regions. The LSA and AI samples match some but not all expected ecogeographic patterns for their particular regions of long term habitation. For most limb length to skeletal trunk height indices the LSA and AI are most similar to the other mid‐latitude sample (North Africans). However, both groups are similar to low latitude groups in their narrow bi‐iliac breadths, and the AI display relatively long radii. Proportions of LSA and AI samples also differ from those of African pygmies. In regions like southern‐most Africa, that do not experience climatic extremes of temperature or humidity, or where small body size exists through drift or selection, body size, and proportions may also be influenced by nonclimatic variables, such as energetic efficiency. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Brief Communication: Human cranial variation fits iterative founder effect model with African origin
Authors: von Cramon‐Taubadel Noreen , Lycett Stephen J. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractRecent studies comparing craniometric and neutral genetic affinity matrices have concluded that, on average, human cranial variation fits a model of neutral expectation. While human craniometric and genetic data fit a model of isolation by geographic distance, it is not yet clear whether this is due to geographically mediated gene flow or human dispersal events. Recently, human genetic data have been shown to fit an iterative founder effect model of dispersal with an African origin, in line with the out‐of‐Africa replacement model for modern human origins, and Manica et al. (Nature 448 (2007) 346–349) have demonstrated that human craniometric data also fit this model. However, in contrast with the neutral model of cranial evolution suggested by previous studies, Manica et al. (2007) made the a priori assumption that cranial form has been subject to climatically driven natural selection and therefore correct for climate prior to conducting their analyses. Here we employ a modified theoretical and methodological approach to test whether human cranial variability fits the iterative founder effect model. In contrast with Manica et al. (2007) we employ size‐adjusted craniometric variables, since climatic factors such as temperature have been shown to correlate with aspects of cranial size. Despite these differences, we obtain similar results to those of Manica et al. (2007), with up to 26% of global within‐population craniometric variation being explained by geographic distance from sub‐Saharan Africa. Comparative analyses using non‐African origins do not yield significant results. The implications of these results are discussed in the light of the modern human origins debate. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stabilization of collagen by the plant polyphenolics Acacia mollissima and Terminalia chebula
Authors: Krishnamoorthy G. , Madhan B. , Sadulla S. , Rao J. Raghava , Madhulatha W. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe central role of collagen as the major structural fibrous protein in the mammalian extracellular matrix has motivated a significant effort toward the determination of its mechanical properties at all levels, ranging from single monomers and long‐chain polymers to a structural element within a biological tissue. However, the stabilization of collagen against collagenolytic degradation finds significance in biomedical and industrial applications. Tannins are plant‐derived polyphenols that have the ability to inhibit the collagenase activity at minimum concentration. The inhibitory effect of wattle (Acacia mollissima) and myrobalan (Terminalia chebula) on the action of collagenase against collagen was probed in this study. The kinetics of the inhibition of collagenase by wattle and myrobalan was deduced from the extent of hydrolysis of 2‐furanacryloyl–L‐leucyl–glycyl–L‐prolyl–L‐alanine. Both wattle and myrobalan tannin exhibited competitive modes of inhibition against collagenase. Circular dichroism studies of collagenase on treatment with wattle and myrobalan revealed changes in the secondary structure of collagenase. These results suggest that the tannins of A. mollissima and T. chebula extracts facilitated collagen stabilization through collagenase inhibition. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008