bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Submission from the Association for Heterodox Economics to the international benchmarking review on research assessment
Authors: Freeman Alan 
Published: October 2008

PurposeThis paper aims to make a submission to the UK's Economic and Social Research Council as part of its international benchmarking review of economics.Design/methodology/approachThe approach takes the form of a discussion of the health of economics in the UK from the perspective of heterodox or pluralist economists who are members of the Association for Heterodox Economics.FindingsResearch assessment based on peer review is damaging economics in the UK because, as currently conducted, it does not promote pluralism. This will lead to a monolithic discipline that will reject new and controversial ideas and arguments.Practical implicationsThe current research assessment and subject benchmarking approaches must be completely changed so as to promote pluralism.Originality/valueThis is the first document by a heterodox economics association to challenge the research assessment and subject benchmarking conventions in the UK and also in Europe.
Globality: challenger companies are radically redefining the competitive landscape
Authors: Sirkin Harold L. , Hemerling James W. , Bhattacharya Arindam K. 
Published: October 2008

PurposeThe paper aims to herald a new phase of worldwide trade and economic development which the authors call “globality.” Increasingly, companies from every part of the world will be competing – for customers, resources, talent and intellectual capital – with each other in every one of the world's markets.Design/methodology/approachThe paper produces evidence that incumbent global leaders will increasingly be forced to defend turf they thought they had won and secured long ago; and their expansion into emerging markets will be challenged as never before.FindingsThe paper finds that the challenger companies have grown from local to global, but instead of squelching local differences, they encouraged them. They retained their bias toward a decentralized management style, which allows them to leverage each new viewpoint as a new source of expertise, market knowledge, and best practice. They have mastered synthesizing many points of view.Practical implicationsChallengers view the world as a collection of diverse regions, each requiring strong local leadership with autonomy to act knowledgably, quickly, and decisively. To compete, incumbents must recognize that the era of globality is here now; learn from challengers; and adapt.Originality/valueThe study found that the challengers companies are able to devolve control, without descending into chaos, a huge competitive advantage. And they are innovating new centers of executive influence and new governance structures that support multiple independent centers of activity, while still leveraging global scale.
Ageing of acrylate‐based resins for stereolithography: thermal and humidity ageing behaviour studies
Authors: Tröger Carola , Bens Arthur T. , Bermes Günter , Klemmer Ricarda , Lenz Johannes , Irsen Stephan 
Published: October 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the ageing behaviour of acrylate‐based resins for stereolithography (SL) technology using different test methods and to investigate these effects on polymers.Design/methodology/approachControlling the polymer degradation requires an understanding of many different phenomena, including the different chemical mechanisms underlying structural changes in polymer macromolecules, the influences of polymer morphology, the complexities of oxidation chemistry and the complex reaction pathways of polymer additives. Several ageing characterization experiments are given.FindingsThe paper covers the ageing process analysis of acrylate‐based polymers. An overview of the ageing behaviour is given, along with the bandwidth of material characteristics for a prolonged lifetime of this material class.Research limitations/implicationsFor research and development in the field of rapid prototyping (RP) materials data about ageing behaviour and environmental effects are crucial. The authors show possible methods for measuring these effects and discuss the consequences in material research using a recently developed biocompatible SL resin as an example.Practical implicationsThe study of the ageing behaviour of polymers is important for understanding their usability, storage, lifetime and recycling. The presented polymeric formulations are able to meet the growing demand for both soft and stiff manufacturing resin materials in the engineering and medical fields.Originality/valueThe analysis of the ageing behaviour of polymer materials is an important issue for engineering applications, recycling of post‐consumer plastic waste, as well as the use of polymers as biological implants and matrices for drug delivery and the lifetime of an article. The paper gives an overview of details involving ageing behaviour and their meaning for applications of acrylate‐based SL resins and is therefore of high importance to people with interest in long‐term behaviour and ageing of RP materials.
Turkish immigrant entrepreneurs in the European Union: a political‐institutional approach
Authors: Ioannou Panayiotopoulos Prodromos 
Published: October 2008

PurposeApplying a multidisciplinary perspective combining theories about immigration, citizenship and enterprise, this paper seeks to examine the influence of the political‐institutional framework in the development of enterprise amongst Turkish immigrants in the European gateway cities, pointing to the relevance of the case study for wider theoretical debate about immigration, globalisation and enterprise.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on information gathered from European research centres on Turkish migration and employment combined with a review of national and European legislation on immigration, citizenship, entrepreneurship and the regulation of the “informal economy”.FindingsThe findings point to change and continuity in the positioning Turkish entrepreneurs in the EU. Continuity appears in a lack of citizenship and political rights for the majority of Turkish speakers and their inability to influence the political system compared with other people. Change appears in the expansion in the number of enterprises and perhaps more significantly in the growing economic differentiation between enterprises in terms of scale and purpose. One optimistic conclusion is that many of the entrepreneurs have broken out of the economic margins despite the political constraints faced by them.Practical implicationsThe paper identifies that immigrant‐owned enterprises in the EU are creating jobs, typically by employing co‐ethnic workers, but also workers from diverse immigrant backgrounds. The potential of Turkish self‐employment in the EU is indicated in trends which show that in The Netherlands and Germany this has been the most significant source of net additions to employment growth.Originality/valueThe paper provides insight into how the political‐institutional framework and legal status influence the labour market positioning and repositioning of an immigrant group.
HRM practices and systems within South‐Asian small businesses
Authors: McPherson Mark 
Published: October 2008

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to highlight differences and similarities in human resource management (HRM) practices between first‐ and second‐generation South Asian entrepreneurs and the extent to which such practices support an integrated HRM system.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws its theoretical underpinning via five “generic HRM functions” and practices, i.e. selection, appraisals, reward, development, and strategy. To help understand the application of such practices from an ethnic dimension, 42 semi‐structured interviews were carried out with two ethnic groups. The two groups chosen were first‐ and second‐generation Sikh and Pakistani Muslim entrepreneurs from micro and small businesses situated within the Greater London area. In addition, nine businesses across both ethnic groups were selected to complete the multiple (comparative) case‐study stage of the research. Investigation was conducted within the phenomenological paradigm.FindingsThe paper notes that differences and similarities between the two generations are based more on sectoral location and type of business with minor instances of cultural and generational nuances. With regard to the development of an integrated HRM system, the evidence suggests that time, cost and expertise are considered constraining factors and, as such, respondents adopt an informal ad hoc approach. Interestingly, although this informality is common within the business, respondents are in fact leaving themselves exposed to breaches of employment law.Practical implicationsThe paper supports the literature, whereby training and advice for EMBs that emphasise formal procedures may be counterproductive. Instead, direction should be given to ensure that HRM practices stress accountability, control and connectedness, help to reduce any perceived risk of litigation, and ensure that statutory requirements are met.Originality/valueThe paper offers unique insight into an unknown entity, namely HRM issues within ethnic small businesses.
Applying the analytic hierarchy process to the offshore outsourcing location decision
Authors: Boardman Liu Linda , Berger Paul , Zeng Amy , Gerstenfeld Arthur 
Published: October 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show that there is a wealth of academic literature that qualitatively examines the outsourcing and offshoring from a go/no go perspective. The paper examines the complex “where to outsource” question by applying a quantitative approach called Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).Design/methodology/approachThe authors examine a Fortune 500 company's real‐world decision about where to outsource and summarize the current selection process employed by the company. We then apply our AHP model to the company's decision and compare the results.FindingsThere are four major findings: the location selection decision is a component of the outsource supplier selection decision; the AHP model effectively manages the complexity of the decision making process, incorporating all decision criteria harmoniously; a method such as AHP, which is able to incorporate both qualitative and quantitative criteria into evaluations, would streamline the decision‐making process; and the AHP process allows firms to look at a portfolio of choices and determine which firms are basically equal in qualifications.Research limitations/implicationsThe research implies that: (AHP may be more applicable in these areas by providing a rigorous framework for assessment of qualitative and quantitative factors together; and AHP offers substantial flexibility to accommodate the variety and quantity of decision criteria set forth by the firm.Practical implicationsAs firms are more active in pursuing opportunities in global markets, identifying the right offshoring location is critical. The selection process is complex, involving a set of qualitative and quantitative factors and requiring rigorous and careful analysis. Therefore, a scientific method that not only offers flexibility and simplicity, but also simultaneously accommodates a wide variety of decision criteria is invaluable. The research demonstrates that AHP provides these benefits and is an effective technique for analyzing the where‐to‐outsource decision.Originality/valueThe extensive literature review suggests that the majority of the existing works focus on analyzing the go/no‐go decision using a qualitative approach. This paper applies the AHP method to the “where to outsource” question to demonstrate one quantitative approach to this complex decision. Additionally, the paper provides a detailed description of how the AHP method is implemented in analyzing the decision by using a Fortune 500 company's data and information as an example.
Are career centers worthwhile?
Authors: Brotheridge Céleste M. , Power Jacqueline L. 
Published: October 2008

PurposeThis study seeks to examine the extent to which the use of career center services results in the significant incremental prediction of career outcomes beyond its established predictors.Design/methodology/approachThe authors survey the clients of a public agency's career center and use hierarchical multiple regressions in order to examine the extent to which it achieved its goals.FindingsCareer center usage predicted career resilience and action as well as perceived management commitment to employee development beyond established predictors for these variables. Employees' belief that they were personally responsible for their careers was the prime predictor of career center usage.Research limitations/implicationsThe primary limitations of this research are the cross‐sectional research design, the self‐selected sample, and the single source of survey data.Practical implicationsMaking a career center available to employees can help them adjust to the new protean career model and an environment of considerable downsizing. Using the career center leads to positive results with respect to the perceptions of management.Originality/valueAlthough the cultural barrier to career center usage is likely to be resolvable only over time, supervisors could be encouraged to offer more support and coaching to employees. Also, employees' jobs can be developed by increasing the extent to which supervisors provide feedback to employees, allow employees to work autonomously, and require the use of multiple skills.
Explaining entrepreneurial intentions by means of the theory of planned behaviour
Authors: van Gelderen Marco , Brand Maryse , van Praag Mirjam , Bodewes Wynand , Poutsma Erik , van Gils Anita 
Published: October 2008

PurposeThis paper sets out to present a detailed empirical investigation of the entrepreneurial intentions of business students. The authors employ the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), in which intentions are regarded as resulting from attitudes, perceived behavioural control, and subjective norms.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology used was a replication study among samples of undergraduate students of business administration at four different universities (totaln=1,225). Five operationalisations of intentions are used as well as a composite measure. Prior to the main study, qualitative research conducted at two other universities (totaln=373) was held to operationalise the components of the TPB.FindingsThe results show that the two most important variables to explain entrepreneurial intentions are entrepreneurial alertness and the importance attached to financial security.Research limitations/implicationsVarious research design features are used that result in better and more detailed explanations of entrepreneurial intentions.Practical implicationsShould one want to stimulate entrepreneurship in educational or training settings, then this paper's results provide guidance. Several suggestions are offered on how entrepreneurial alertness can be improved and financial security concerns can be reduced.Originality/valueThe study provides detailed and solid results on entrepreneurial intentions which are positioned in the career literature.
Time frames for leaving
Authors: van Dam Karen 
Published: October 2008

PurposeThis study seeks to investigate the time frames that employees use when considering leaving the organization, and aims to establish how employees with specific time frames differ from one another with respect to turnover predictors.Design/methodology/approachBased on the results of a pilot study, five groups were distinguished, i.e. urgent leavers, determined leavers, undetermined leavers, long‐term leavers, and stayers. A total of 556 employees (57 percent response rate) returned the questionnaire. The groups were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's comparisons.FindingsThe findings provide evidence for meaningful differences (e.g. satisfaction, commitment, perceived job alternatives, outcome expectations, turnover attitude, and subjective norm) between these groups of potential leavers.Originality/valueThe findings suggest that established turnover models are useful for understanding employees' consideration of external job transitions in both the near and distant future. Organizations might use tailor‐made interventions to manage the careers and turnover of specific groups.
Rural education: learning to be rural teachers
Authors: Barter Barbara 
Published: October 2008

PurposeThis paper draws on research which began in 2006 with students in a graduate course on rural education. Its purpose was to find out what graduate students saw as current issues of rural education, how that compared to the literature, and what they thought supporting agencies such as government and universities needed to be doing to advance rural education. This paper focuses on presenting the findings and initiating a dialogue that leads to further conceptual understanding of ruralness.Design/methodology/approachThe inquiry design and implementation is grounded in theories of constructivism and personal practical knowledge.FindingsSome of the more common issues for participants in the study such as, curriculum delivery; bussing; teacher training; insecurity in teacher allocations; and threats of consolidation, are synonymous with the literature. The data also points to the need for research in rural schools and rural communities which is set within a rural‐based theoretical framework.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is conducted within the context of one Canadian province using participants from one specific setting. Therefore, the findings represent a localized instance of both curriculum research and literature review.Practical implicationsThe study may serve to illuminate issues which can be expanded and become more global in its practicality.Originality/valueThe paper provides an example of curriculum research that is founded on the work and learning experiences of students and their instructor. This knowledge can play a significant role in determining future curriculum design; curriculum implementation; teacher training, recruitment, and retention while enhancing community development in rural areas.
Negotiating TVET for sustainable livelihoods
Authors: von Kotze Astrid 
Published: October 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to reflect on the adequacy of UNESCO policy in the UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development. People working in the informal economy in the Global South are looked at as a starting point.Design/methodology/approachThe paper examines UNESCO/UNEVOC documents, the UNIFEM report on the “Progress of the World's Women”, development literature, and case scenarios from Southern Africa.FindingsThere is a mismatch between policy and the reality on the ground. Changes in policy and provision are necessary if a social justice agenda is to be met.Practical implicationsThe approach to TVET planning and provision should shift in three ways: from an emphasis on the formal to the informal economy; from work defined as employment to work as livelihood activities; and from sustainable development to sustainable livelihoods. The paper argues that five conditions should be met so that TVET can begin to include workers from the informal economy.Originality/valueThe paper defines “work” more inclusively, focuses on education and learning in the informal economy, and challenges notions of sustainable development in favour of sustainable livelihoods.
Hard/soft, formal/informal, work/learning
Authors: Jubas Kaela , Butterwick Shauna 
Published: October 2008

PurposeThis paper discusses insights from a study of women working, or seeking or preparing for work, in the information technology (IT) field. At issue is how and whether alternative career pathways and informally acquired skills and knowledge, as well as the operation of gender in learning and work, are acknowledged by employers, colleagues and participants themselves.Design/methodology/approachUsing the qualitative technique of life and work history, this study mapped varied learning pathways of women working in the IT field. We used a feminist approach to explore this field, which is characterised as both highly masculine and filled with opportunities for all workers, including women.FindingsJuxtaposing categories present in the data, such as female and male, formal and informal education, work and learning, hard and soft skills, and centre and periphery, we establish that binary constructs are both persistent and tenuous.Research limitations/implicationsOur analysis challenges assumptions about educating the global workforce and the learning pathways within the IT field. Moreover, it suggests the usefulness of further qualitative research on this topic in other geographic locations or fields of work.Originality/valueIn questioning epistemological and social binaries, our analysis contributes to the re‐theorisation of conceptions of knowledge and learning. In moving from an either/or to a both/and understanding of them, we offer a different way of talking about how they can be understood.
Global KBD community developments: the MAKCi experience
Authors: Garcia Blanca C. 
Published: October 2008

PurposeInscribed in third generation KM schemes, this paper aims to collect the resulting experience of facilitating an international consultation process on knowledge‐city topics, called the Most Admired Knowledge City (MAKCi) Awards.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws together the experiences gained through facilitating an international consultation process.FindingsThe paper reports on observations of the MAKCi point of convergence within the knowledge‐based development (KBD) community. It recounts the experience of a group of KBD experts who have undertaken a learning journey into knowledge‐generative collaborative research. Linked to a globally based community of practice, the MAKCi exercise clearly fosters a research and learning space through a network of practice (NoP) within the greater global KBD community that is worth exploring from multiple standpoints.Originality/valueThe paper discovers how knowledge‐intensive research work could depend on community links and networks to gain the necessary perspectives and paths to learn and make sense of the changing world. The MAKCi exercise appears a challenging case of networked knowledge‐sharing experience through a connected expertise that brings a group of individuals together to create integrated knowledge, regardless of geographical or time constraints. The second part of the paper concentrates on bringing further understanding as to how learning and knowledge creation is possible through networks, by conveying higher levels of knowledge co‐creation at a global scale, so relevant in knowledge‐based development contexts. The paper advances some applications on how emerging models of knowledge‐intensive networks such as NoPs foster tacit knowledge conversion into explicit scholarly knowledge.