bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delivery of a post-natal neonatal jaundice education intervention improves knowledge among mothers at Jinja Regional Referral Hospital in Uganda
Authors: Alinaitwe Businge , Francis Nkunzimaana , Ngabirano Tom Denis , Kato Charles , Nakamya Petranilla , Uwimbabazi Rachel , Kaplan Adam , McCoy Molly , Ayebare Elizabeth , Winter Jameel 
Published: April 2024

Background
Neonatal jaundice (NNJ) is a major contributor to childhood morbidity and mortality. As many infants are discharged by 24 hours of age, mothers are key in detecting severe forms of jaundice. Mothers with limited knowledge of NNJ have a hard time identifying these infants who could go on to have the worst outcomes. This study aimed to determine the effect of a jaundice education package delivered to mothers prior to hospital discharge on maternal knowledge after discharge.

Methods
This was a before and after interventional study involving an education package delivered through a video message and informational voucher. At 10–14 days after discharge, participants were followed up via telephone to assess their post-intervention knowledge. A paired t-test was used to determine the effectiveness of the intervention on knowledge improvement. Linear regression was used to determine predictors of baseline knowledge and of change in knowledge score.

Results
Of the 250 mothers recruited, 188 were fit for analysis. The mean knowledge score was 10.02 before and 14.61 after the intervention, a significant difference (p<0.001). Factors determining higher baseline knowledge included attendance of 4 or more antenatal visits (p < 0.001), having heard about NNJ previously (p < 0.001), having experienced an antepartum illness (p = 0.019) and higher maternal age (p = 0.015). Participants with poor baseline knowledge (β = 7.523) and moderate baseline knowledge (β = 3.114) had much more to gain from the intervention relative to those with high baseline knowledge (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Maternal knowledge of jaundice can be increased using a simple educational intervention, especially in settings where the burden of detection often falls on the mother. Further study is needed to determine the impact of this intervention on care seeking and infant outcomes.
Comparison of lumbar muscle morphology in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain with and without clinical lumbar segmental instability
Authors: Mahmoudi Alami Faranak , Taghipour Mohammad , Talebi Ghadamali , Sa’adat Payam , Seyedhoseinpoor Tahere , Rad Hamid Vahidi , Khafri Sorayya 
Published: April 2024

Objectives
Evaluation of spinal muscle morphology may be critical because of its impact on segmental stability and control of the lumbar spine in the subset of patients with clinical lumbar segmental instability (LSI). The purpose of this study was to compare lumbar muscle morphology in CNLBP patients with clinical LSI, CNLBP patients without clinical LSI.

Methods
This case-control study included 30 patients with CNLBP (15 with clinical LSI and 15 without clinical LSI) and 15 subjects without LBP. Axial magnetic resonance images from the L2 to S1 lumbar levels were used to evaluate the morphology of the lumbar muscles.

Results
A significant increase in the muscle-to-fat infiltration index and a significant decrease in the relative muscle cross-sectional area (rmCSA) of the multifidus muscle at the L3-L4 to L5-S1 levels were observed in both CNLBP groups compared to the control group (p<0.05). The mean erector spinae mean rmCSA was significantly greater in the clinical LSI group compared to the control group (SMD = 0.853, 95% CI = 0.105 to -1.6, P = 0.044) and also compared to the CNLBP without clinical LSI (SMD = 0.894, 95% CI = -1.645 to -0.144, P = 0.030) at the L4-L5 level.

Conclusions
The atrophic changes of the multifidus muscle, in CNLBP patients with or without clinical LSI was observed. However, hypertrophic changes of the erector spinae muscle at the L4-L5 lumbar level were observed only in the clinical LSI group. Psaos major did not show significant atrophic or hypertrophic changes.
Perceptions on disabilities and illnesses in late Joseon Korea
Authors: Yoo Hyun Jae 
Published: April 2024

This paper seeks to delineate and explain changing public perceptions towards those who suffered from deafness, blindness, or intellectual disability in Joseon Korea. In the fifteenth century, the Great Code of State Administration (경국대전, 經國大典 Gyeongguk Daejeon) prohibited discrimination against the disabled. The deaf and blind in particular even enjoyed favorable attention. The state provided such economic benefits as exemption from taxes as a way to compensate them for their impaired abilities, thereby fostering a rather favorable social climate towards persons with disabilities. Some blind persons were even believed to have such special talent as fortune telling. In the eighteenth century, however, negative perceptions towards the disabled began to gain strength. Increasing frequency of documented references to disability as an object of mockery suggests that the state and the society alike viewed the disabled as ‘useless people’ (폐인). Mainly utilizing court histories, literary anthologies, army rosters (군적), and military division (군영) records, this paper argues that overall change in the Joseon economy fueled discrimination against the disabled. In particular, changes in the military defense system and its associated military tax (군포) significantly contributed to the negative portrayal, as the new practice tended to divide the population into households collectively responsible for tax levies. By the nineteenth century, the state’s harsher treatment of the disabled set the stage for outright discrimination against disabled in modern Korea, exacerbated by the introduction of the Western notion of eugenics.
Cerebrovascular carbon dioxide reactivity is intact in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Sprick Justin D. , Sabino‐Carvalho Jeann , Mekonnen Elsa , McGranahan Melissa , Zanuzzi Matias , DaCosta Dana , Park Jeanie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by an elevated risk for cerebrovascular disease including stroke. One mechanism that may contribute to this heightened risk is an impairment in cerebrovascular carbon dioxide reactivity (CVR). We compared CVR between CKD patients stages III–IV and controls (CON) without CKD but matched for hypertension and diabetes status. CVR was measured via 5% CO2 inhalation followed by voluntary hyperventilation in 14 CKD and 11 CON participants while mean arterial pressure, end‐tidal carbon dioxide, and middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAv) were measured continuously. CVR was quantified as the linear relationship between etCO2 and MCAv. We observed no difference in CVR between groups. Hypercapnic CVR: CKD = 1.2 ± 0.9 cm/s/mm Hg, CON = 1.3 ± 0.8 cm/s/mm Hg, hypocapnic CVR: CKD = 1.3 ± 0.9 cm/s/mm Hg, CON = 1.5 ± 0.7 cm/s/mm Hg, integrated CVR: CKD = 1.5 ± 1.1 cm/s/mm Hg, CON = 1.7 ± 0.8 cm/s/mm Hg, p ≥ 0.48. Unexpectedly, CVR was inversely related to estimated glomerular filtration rate in CKD (R2 = 0.37, p = 0.02). We report that CVR remains intact in CKD and is inversely related to eGFR. These findings suggest that other mechanisms beyond CVR contribute to the elevated stroke risk observed in CKD.
Experimental analysis and optimization of machining parameters for Nitinol alloy: A Taguchi and multi-attribute decision-making approach
Authors: Sureja Dev , Kumari Soni , Bhavani Basireddy , Abhishek Kumar , Chaudhari Rakesh , Singh Mahendra , Revathi Venkatachalam , Panchal Soumyashree M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The automotive and aerospace sectors have a strong demand for Nitinol alloy machined parts; therefore, optimizing machining parameters is essential to achieving better process performance results in terms of cost and product quality. In general, the process variables that influence machining include feed (f), depth of cut (t), and spindle speed (S). Material removal rate (MRR), tool wear (TW), and surface roughness (Ra) are pertinent output performance indicators. Analysis of variance has been performed to assess the effect of process variables on the aforesaid output performance. It has been found that feed has a significant effect on MRR and surface roughness with a contribution of 50.65 and 33.62%, respectively, whereas spindle speed has a major contribution on TW with a contribution of 51.9%. This study assesses how well the Nitinol 56 machining process works overall. In this work, the Taguchi method has been used to determine the effect of aforesaid process variables on the output performance indices. To satisfy previously stated conflicting performance indices, a variety of multi-attribute decision-making approaches were used, such as utility, TOPSIS, and grey, to determine the optimal process variables. The optimal process variable combination has been achieved as f = 0.133 mm·rev−1, d = 0.06, and S = 835 RPM. This combination has been achieved using all methods.
Spanish lower and upper bounded change of state verbs: focusing on transitive experiencer object verbs
Authors: Fritz-Huechante Paola , Verhoeven Elisabeth 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Transitive causative change of state (TCoS) verbs elicit scalar readings, distinguishing them between: upper-bounded verbs (e.g., dry), denoting a culminating change of state, and lower-bounded verbs (e.g., wrinkle), denoting a change from a zero to a non-zero value (or from one value to another) regarding the property described by the semantic core of the verb. In their eventive reading, transitive experiencer object (TEO) verbs (e.g., calm down, delight) also denote causative eventualities able to yield scalar inferences. This study investigates whether TEO verbs are also associated with a minimum or maximum standard degree, proposing a similar subdivision of TEO verbs into lower-bounded items (delight) and upper-bounded items (calm down). In a forced-choice selection experiment we tested the impact of the standard degree (bound) of the semantic core of Spanish TEO verbs on the availability of lower-bounded or upper-bounded readings comparing them to TCoS verbs. Results revealed that the factor bound was significant to the extent that both lower-bounded TEO and TCoS predicates yielded the response compatible with a lower-bounded reading significantly more often than predicates that possess a maximum degree, supporting the distinction between lower and upper bounded items. Further, a significant effect of verb type was also observed, differentiating a change of state on the mental (TEO) versus the physical (TCoS) levels.
Peering Through the Fog of Uncertainty: Out-of-Sample Forecasts of Post-Pandemic Tourism
Authors: Cevik Serhan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper uses an augmented gravity model framework to investigate the historical impact of infectious diseases on international tourism and develops an out-of-sample prediction model. Using bilateral tourism flows among 38,184 pairs of countries during the period 1995–2017, I compare the forecasting performance of alternative specifications and estimation methods. These computations confirm the statistical and economic significance of infectious-disease episodes in forecasting international tourism flows. Including infectious diseases in the model brings a significant improvement in forecast accuracy relative to the standard gravity model. The magnitude of these effects, however, is likely to be much greater in the case of COVID-19, which is a highly contagious virus that has spread fast throughout populations across the world.
A rare case of adventitious placentation (diffuse semi-placenta) in a Jersey cow
Authors: Parrillo Salvatore , De Amicis Ippolito , Bucci Roberta , Hattab Jasmine , Robbe Domenico , Carluccio Augusto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPlacental abnormalities more frequently occur during pregnancy of somatic cell clones and may lead to pregnancy loss or dystocia. Adventitious placentation, or diffuse semi-placenta, is determined by the development of areas of accessory placentation between the cotyledons due to the abnormal growth of placentomes.After a full-term pregnancy, a 3-year-old Jersey heifer was referred for dystocia which resulted in the delivery of a dead calf. The cause of dystocia was found to be foetal malposition, while the placenta was physiologically expelled after dystocia resolution.Grossly, cotyledons appeared reduced in size and number in one placental horn, while the surface of the other horn was covered with microplacentomes. Numerous villous structures without trophoblastic coating were highlighted after histopathology. The dominant sign was an inflammatory reaction. The findings were consistent with inter-cotyledonal placentitis, which led to adventitial placentation.Diffuse semi-placenta compensates for the inadequate development of placentomes and may occur as a congenital or acquired defect. The outcome depends on its severity: in the worst scenario, pregnancy may not proceed beyond midterm and may be complicated by hydrallantois. In the case under examination, the dimensions of the cotyledons (from 2 to 10 cm) allowed for the natural course of pregnancy.
PROTOCOLOS CLÍNICOS ADOTADOS PELOS ENFERMEIROS NO EXTRAVASAMENTO DE ANTINEOPLÁSICOS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Silva José Kaique Marques da , Ferreira Fabiana Andrea Soares , Oliveira Silvana Maria Barros de , Comassetto Isabel 
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Identificar quais são as medidas de segurança do paciente e protocolos clínicos adotados pelos enfermeiros no extravasamento de antineoplásicos. Metodologia: A abordagem da pesquisa se deu a partir de uma revisão integrativa da literatura que se utilizou da estratégia PICo para estruturar a questão de pesquisa. Foram realizados levantamentos bibliográficos utilizando as bases de dados MEDLINE, Lilacs, BDENF, SciELO e PubMed utilizando os termos segundo o DeCS: “Protocolos Clínicos”, “Extravasamento de Materiais Terapêuticos e Diagnósticos”, “Enfermagem Oncológica”, “Segurança do paciente”, “Antineoplásicos”. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 25 artigos lidos na íntegra, classificados e organizados conforme a temática, e analisados criticamente. Resultados: A partir da análise dos estudos, foi possível delimitar as principais ações e conhecimentos dos enfermeiros no manejo e garantia da segurança do paciente diante do extravasamento de antineoplásicos, assim como novos manejos promissores na prevenção e tratamento deste agravo. Conclusão: Incipiente é o conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre as medidas específicas diante do extravasamento de antineoplásicos, com evidente necessidade de pesquisas que minimizem as lacunas no conhecimento inovador na prática da enfermagem com desígnio de prevenir o extravasamento.
A CBCT Study Comparing the Outcomes of Volumetric Bone Mass and Mini-Implant Success with Different Types of Malocclusions
Authors: Fatah Shene , Mahmood Trefa 
Published: April 2024

Objective: The present study aimed to determine the favorable site for orthodontic mini-implant insertion in both the maxilla andmandible in terms of cortical and trabecular bone thickness and density in different types of skeletal malocclusion using cone-beamcomputed tomography (CBCT).
Methods: In this study, seventy-five CBCT examinations that were requested for different purposes were used, twenty-five in eachmalocclusion group (class I, class II and class III), class I (ANB: 2°-4°), class II (ANB > 4°), and class III (ANB < 2°) groups. RadiAntDicom Viewer was utilized, measurements were done at different sites in the jaws using standardized orientations, and the threemalocclusion groups were compared for cortical bone thickness and density as well as the density of trabecular bone, using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test for non-parametric data and one-way ANOVA for parametric data.
Results: The highest cortical bone thickness was between 1st and 2nd molars at a 6 mm distance from the alveolar crest ranging from1.03 mm to 1.2 mm in maxilla and 2.13 mm to 2.26 mm in the mandible. The difference between groups was only noticed betweencanine and 1st premolar which showed less buccal cortical bone thickness in class II cases with 1.07 mm. Cortical bone density wasnot significantly different between the three groups with maximum density between canine and 1st premolar with a density of 997.9 to1078 HU in the maxilla and the mandible 1245.4 to 1329.3 HU. The trabecular bone density was also highest between canine and 1stpremolar of both jaws, in maxilla 422.13 to 564.15 HU and mandible 509.81 to 799.04 HU. The difference between the groups wasonly in the anterior location between canine and 1st premolars which was less in class III cases with 509.81 HU.
Conclusions: Skeletal relations can have an impact on the thickness of the cortical bone, although all skeletal classes have the samepattern in the maxilla, in the mandible between the canine and the 1st premolar, variations in bone thickness and trabecular densitymay be seen in various skeletal malocclusions. So, it is important to properly consider the placement of mini-implants with the skeletalrelation to achieve the maximum primary stability. Further researches are recommended, with long term follow up, on stability of mini-implants and its correlation with bone thickness and density.
Efficiency of Canal Brush and Ultrasonic Activated Irrigation in Smear Layer Removal Using Two Different Chelating Agents (In Vitro Study)
Authors: Fakhruldeen Zainab , Faraj Bestoon 
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of two different activation methods after using two different chelating agents inthe removal of the smear layer.
Methods: In this study, seventy single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth were included, and divided into six study groups and onecontrol group according to the chelating agents and activation methods used. In groups 1,3, and 5, EDTA was used as the chelatingagent, where it was activated by Canal Brush in G3 and by Ultra Smart in G5. In groups 2,4, and 6, 7% Maleic acid was used insteadand activated by Canal Brush in G4 and Ultra Smart in G6. While in G1 and G2, no activation systems were used. The 7th group wasa negative control and purposed to verify the internal microstructure, so only distal water was irrigated (no activation and no chelatingagent was used). Samples were sectioned longitudinally and prepared for Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis in the coronal,middle, and apical parts. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. The level of significancewas set to 0.05 (P < 0.05).
Results: Although the G5 (Ultra Smart +EDTA) median score showed the best smear layer removal score, it was not statisticallysignificant in comparison with the other 5 study groups. In all groups (whether Maleic acid or EDTA were used), smear layer removalwas effective in the coronal and middle thirds while less effective in the apical third, with no statistically significant difference betweenthe chelating agents.
Conclusions: Under the limitations of this in vitro study, no activation system was able to remove the smear layer from the root canalwall completely. However, NaOCl and EDTA's irrigation sequence combined with Ultra Smart (ultrasonic activation) obtained betterresults than the other techniques.
Organization of Training for Undergraduate Students Based on the Recommendations of the “Core of Higher Pedagogical Education”
Authors: Шаулова З.В. , Недюрмагомедов Г.Г. 
Published: April 2024

Рассматриваются причины унификации подготовки педагогических кадров и создания концепции «Ядро высшего педагогического образования», имеющей целью повышение качества подготовки и конкурентоспособности учителей-предметников. Представлены базовые требования к структуре и содержанию программ бакалавриата по педагогическим направлениям подготовки. Обоснованы подходы к реализации концепции «Ядра высшего педагогического образования» на основе принципа модульности, показана структура модуля, включающая обязательную и вариативную части, содержание модулей, включенных в общепрофессиональный и профессиональный блоки образовательной программы. Делается вывод о необходимости изменения содержания образовательных программ в соответствии с требованиями «Ядра высшего педагогического образования», что обеспечит освоение будущими педагогами компетенций, необходимых для успешной профессионально-педагогической деятельности.
he reasons for the unification of the training of teaching staff and the creation of the concept “Core of Higher Pedagogical Education”, which aims to improve the quality of training and competitiveness of subject teachers, are considered. The basic requirements for the structure and content of undergraduate programs in pedagogical areas of training are presented. Approaches to the implementation of the concept of the “Core of Higher Pedagogical Education” based on the principle of modularity are substantiated, the structure of the module is shown, including mandatory and variable parts, the content of modules included in the general professional and vocational blocks of the educational program. A conclusion is made about the need to change the content of educational programs in accordance with the requirements of the “Core of Higher Pedagogical Education”, which will ensure that future teachers master the competencies necessary for successful professional and pedagogical activities.
Scientific and Methodological Journals in Physics in Russia: Main Characteristics and Accessibility for Teachers and Professors
Authors: Милинский А.Ю. 
Published: April 2024

Представлен обзор современных научно-методических журналов по физике в России. Приводится анализ наукометрических характеристик и содержания журналов. На основе данных, полученных из базы Российского индекса научного цитирования, определены количественные и качественные показатели публикационной активности. Делается вывод о том, что рассматриваемые журналы имеют низкий импакт-фактор, что указывает на невысокие цитируемость и научную значимость публикуемых в них материалов.
A review of modern scientific and methodological journals in physics in Russia is presented. The analysis of scientometric characteristics and content of journals is given. Based on the data obtained from the database of the Russian Science Citation Index, quantitative and qualitative indicators of publication activity were determined. It is concluded that the journals under consideration have a low impact factor, which indicates a low citation rate and scientific significance of the materials published in them.