bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and risk of cardiovascular disease in rural Alabama women
Authors: Hamner Jenny , Wilder Barbara 
Published: June 2008

AbstractPurpose: The purpose of this study was to describe rural women’s knowledge of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and actual risk of CVD. The research question guiding this study was: “Are there relationships between demographic factors, women’s knowledge of CVD, and women’s CVD risk score?”Data sources: Demographic data were collected from a convenience sample of 112 women at a full‐service, rural medical clinic in Alabama. Two questions assessed women’s knowledge of their risk factors for CVD. The Coronary Heart Disease Knowledge Test measured knowledge of coronary heart disease (CHD). Framingham CHD prediction scores were calculated to assess the actual heart disease risk of subjects.Conclusions: Knowledge of CVD in rural Alabama women is inadequate. The mean score for the knowledge test was 8.50 out of 20. This population of women has significant risk for CVD. Women recognized that smoking and obesity are issues, but are less aware of factors such as race, personality types, oral contraceptive use, hypertension, diabetes, age, hyperlipidemia, and family history.Implications for practice: The majority of women in the study could list only one or two CVD risk factors. New strategies for educating women about CVD should be explored by nurse practitioners (NPs). For example, NPs interested in CVD in women could organize and offer to teach in local schools, colleges, universities, churches, and at sites where women work. Collaboration with the local American Heart Association and Health Department in educating women may be appropriate. By increasing women’s knowledge, their actual risk may change and thus improve their chance to live free of CVD or have it later in life or to a lesser extent.
Clinical uses of brain natriuretic peptide in diagnosing and managing heart failure
Authors: Anderson Kelley M. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractPurpose: To review current issues in the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of heart failure (HF), focusing on the clinical use of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) as a diagnostic marker.Data sources: Selective review of scientific literature and clinical practice guidelines.Conclusions: BNP is a useful clinical tool for the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of HF patients. Studies have consistently demonstrated high sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value of BNP levels in diagnostic situations. BNP cannot differentiate between systolic and diastolic HF.Implications for practice: BNP can be used to assist in diagnosing HF in emergency and outpatient situations, particularly when the presenting symptom is dyspnea; determining HF prognosis, including predicting death and cardiac events; and potentially managing individuals with HF by determining safe discharge levels from acute care to avoid readmissions. BNP levels can vary depending on multiple confounders; therefore, clinical interpretation can be difficult.
The relationship between body mass index/body composition and survival in patients with heart failure
Authors: Shirley Shelby , Davis Leslie L. , Carlson Barbara Waag 
Published: June 2008

AbstractPurpose: The purpose of this review was to summarize the literature on the relationship between obesity and survival in persons with heart failure (HF). In particular, the article examines the ways in which studies define body size/composition (body mass index [BMI], body composition, weight, cachexia, fluid retention, or albumin) and the relationship of BMI and survival after controlling for factors such as HF severity, etiology of the HF, gender, race, age, and/or time since HF diagnosis.Data sources: The keywords heart failure and body mass index, heart failure and obesity, and heart failure and body composition were indexed in PubMed. Articles published from 1999 to 2006 that used multivariate analyses to examine the relationship between obesity and survival in persons with HF were included in the review.Conclusions: BMI is the standard most often used for measuring body weight in patients with HF. Yet, BMI does not address other major components of body weight (fat, lean body mass, and fluid) that may factor into the mortality of patients with HF. Four of the six studies reviewed reported a positive relationship between obesity and improved survival. However, the studies are limited by design, with the majority being cross‐sectional. Furthermore, most of the data were collected through secondary data analysis from patient records in the 1990s, before contemporary HF treatment was used.Implications for practice: Until further research solidifies a clear association between higher BMIs and improved survival in patients with HF, nurse practitioners and others should continue to counsel their patients with HF who are overweight to lose weight. Assessing BMI alone as a predictor of survival for patients with HF may be misleading and should be performed in the context of other factors. Moreover, care should be taken in managing patients with HF who are cachexic because these patients have a worrisome prognosis.
Lower urinary tract symptoms in women—A common but neglected problem
Authors: Bradway Christine , Coyne Karin S. , Irwin Debra , Kopp Zoe 
Published: June 2008

AbstractPurpose: The purpose of this review is to provide nurse practitioners (NPs) an understanding of female lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).Data sources: Scientific literature including articles on epidemiology, assessment, impact on quality of life (QoL), treatment barriers, and management.Conclusions: Female LUTS are common and adversely affect QoL. Nevertheless, the social stigma prevents many women from seeking treatment, and healthcare providers often lack adequate time to inquire about bladder health. Although LUTS are not life threatening, the impact is tremendous, and there is an urgent need for healthcare providers to improve management of chronic conditions.Implications for practice: NPs should play a role in driving this response by increasing awareness of LUTS, taking the lead in examining barriers to treatment, and providing long‐term support to patients.
Autalia rivularis (Gravenhorst) and Brachida clara (Weise) new to Korea (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae)
Authors: KIM Yoon‐Ho , CHO Young Bok , AHN Kee‐Jeong 
Published: June 2008

AbstractTwo aleocharine species, Autalia rivularis (Gravenhorst) and Brachida clara (Weise), are identified for the first time in Korea. Diagnoses, habitus illustrations, and line drawings of diagnostic characters are provided.
Taxonomic study of the genus Meganephria Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from north‐east China
Authors: HAN Hui‐Lin , LI Cheng‐De 
Published: June 2008

AbstractWe reviewed four species of the genus Meganephria Hübner from north‐east China. M. kononenkoi Poole is reported for the first time from China, and M. cinerea (Butler) is newly added to the continental fauna of China. The adults and genitalia of the species are illustrated, and distributional ranges and host plants are provided.
Effects of four Bacillus spp. of soil origin on the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)
Authors: ERTÜRK Ömer , YAMAN Mustafa , ASLAN İrfan 
Published: June 2008

AbstractFour species of Bacillus were isolated from soil in an effort to find safe, effective and alternative biological control agents against plant pests. These bacteria were identified as Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus cereus on the basis of fatty acid methyl ester analysis and carbon utilization profiles by using Microbial Identification and Biolog Microplate Systems. Laboratory experiments carried out to determine the insecticidal activities of these isolates showed that B. pumilus caused 95.7 and 26.7% mortality and B. sphaericus caused 74.5 and 23.3% mortality of Leptinotarsa decemlineata larvae and adults, respectively. B. cereus and B. megaterium showed 51.1 and 29.7%, respectively, of L. decemlineata larvae. This study presents at least two Turkish isolates from the genus Bacillus showing high insecticidal activity against L. decemlineata.
Origin and rearing season of honeybee queens affect some of their physiological and reproductive characteristics
Authors: AL‐GHZAWI Abd Al‐Majeed , ZAITOUN Shahera 
Published: June 2008

AbstractQueen honeybees of Apis mellifera ligustica and Apis mellifera syriaca were raised to investigate physiological and reproductive characteristics and to determine the most suitable time for queen rearing under semi‐arid conditions in Jordan. The queen rearing season as well as the origin of the queens affected the queens’ weight, acceptance, preoviposition period, volume of the spermatheca, and quantity and quality of sperm in the spermatheca. Italian bees were heavier than Syrian bees at emergence. The introduced queen acceptance rate appeared to be a genetic influence of the queen: A. m. ligustica virgin queens were accepted at a higher rate than were A. m. syriaca queens. There were large seasonal variations in the acceptance rate. Experimental bee colonies accepted their virgin queens during spring with good honey flows at a higher rate compared to the other rearing periods. The greatest mating success was achieved in May and the smallest was during July and August. The preoviposition period was shorter in the Syrian than in the Italian queens, and was longer during summer for both honeybee subspecies. The volume of the spermatheca was smaller in Syrian bees and the spermatheca had lower numbers of spermatozoa compared with Italian bees. Thus, under semi‐arid Mediterranean region conditions, it is highly recommended to raise virgin queens in the spring months only to obtain their highest quality.
Taxonomic study of the genus Charops Holmgren (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae) from the Eastern Palaearctic Region
Authors: CHOI Jin‐Kyung , LEE Jong‐Wook 
Published: June 2008

AbstractWe report three species –Charops brachypterus (Cameron, 1897), C. cantator (DeGeer, 1778) and C. striatus (Uchida 1932) – new to Korea. Of these, C. brachypeterus (Cameron, 1897) is recorded for the first time from the Eastern Palaeartic Region. A revised key to the species, descriptions, and photographs of diagnostic characters are provided.
Microstructure of the silk apparatus in the coelotine spider Paracoelotes spinivulva (Araneae: Amaurobiidae)
Authors: MOON Myung‐Jin 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe microstructural characteristics of the silk‐spinning apparatus and its ecological significance in the coelotine spider Paracoelotes spinivulva were examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy, with the goal of understanding the properties and the evolutionary origins of these silk constructs. The silk apparatuses of this spider were composed of four basic types of silk‐spinning spigot (ampullate, pyriform, aciniform and tubuliform), which connected with typical silk glands in the abdominal cavity. Of the three pairs of spinnerets, the posterior pairs were highly elongated along the body axis. Anterior spinnerets comprised two pairs of ampullate glands and approximately 70–80 pairs of pyriform glands in both sexes. Middle spinnerets had one to two pairs of ampullate spigots, three pairs of tubuliform spigots in females, and 50–60 (female) or 80–90 (male) pairs of aciniform spigots. An additional two pairs of tubuliform spigots in females and 70–80 (female) or 100–120 (male) pairs of aciniform spigots were counted on the spinning surfaces of the posterior spinnerets in both sexes. Although the coelotine spiders use their silk to catch prey, P. spinivulva characteristically do not have a typical “triad” spigot, including a flagelliform and two aggregate spigots, for capture thread production.
A MODIFIED JOINT INVENTORY POLICY FOR VMI SYSTEMS
Authors: GOU QINGLONG , LIANG LIANG , XU CHUANYONG , ZHA YONG 
Published: June 2008

Vendor managed inventory (VMI) is a supply-chain initiative in which the vendor is authorized to manage inventories of agreed upon stock-keeping-units at retail locations. In this paper, a modified joint inventory policy is introduced for VMI systems where the vendor takes a standard (s, S) policy and the retailers utilize can-order policies. Under the regime of a can-order policy, each retailer's inventory is controlled by three variables s, c and S. Once the inventory position of retailer k reaches its must-order level s(k), a dispatch from the vendor to retailers is triggered. At the same time, any retailer j, with inventory position at or below its can-order level c(j), is included in the dispatch and thus an economical consolidated dispatch quantity accumulates. To formulate the policy, a renewal theoretic model for the case of Poisson demands is developed. Due to the complexity of the problem, it is difficult to get the analytical solution and thus simulations are utilized to obtain an approximate optimal decision. Finally, the results from simulations show that about 5 to 20 percent of the cost can be saved from utilizing of the modified joint policy, comparing with the standard joint (s, S) policy where both the vendor and retailers take (s, S) policies.
FALSE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: CHARACTERISTICS OF CHINA'S LISTED COMPANIES AND CART DETECTING APPROACH
Authors: BAI BELINNA , YEN JEROME , YANG XIAOGUANG 
Published: June 2008

False Financial Statements (FFS) have long been a serious problem in China and other Asian countries, which significantly dampen the confidence of the investors. Regardless of listed companies or non-listed companies, the percentage of financial statements that contained false information is quite high, which is one of the major reasons why China stock markets moved in the opposite direction towards its wonderful economic growth over the past few years. The objective of this research is to introduce one statistical technique — Classification and Regression Tree (CART), to identify and predict the impacts of FFS. We survey financial statements manipulation tricks, FFS indicators and FFS detection techniques from both China and international perspective, and further look into ten listed companies with known FFS history in China; combining these findings, we propose key indicators to work with CART. Our analysis includes 24 false financial reports, and 124 non-false financial reports. We use CART to develop two FFS detecting models: CART without industry benchmark and CART with industry benchmark. For supporting comparison, we also build a Logit regression which is a commonly used technique in FFS detecting. We find that CART is effective in distinguishing FFS from non-FFS. Both CART models achieve better accuracy in identifying fraud cases and making predictions than Logit regression does, and CART with industry benchmark is slightly better than CART without benchmark, but it does not always have superior performance. Our CART model also tries to capture the indicators and their combinations that could reflect firms with high possibility of FFS in China.
WEB FARMING WITH CLICKSTREAM
Authors: HU JIA , ZHONG NING 
Published: June 2008

In a commercial website or portal, Web information fusion is usually from the following two approaches, one is to integrate the Web content, structure, and usage data for surfing behavior analysis; the other is to integrate Web usage data with traditional customer, product, and transaction data for purchasing behavior analysis. In this paper, we propose a unified model based on Web farming technology for collecting clickstream logs in the whole user interaction process. We emphasize that collecting clickstream logs at the application layer will help to seamlessly integrate Web usage data with other customer-related data sources. In this paper, we extend the Web log standard to modeling clickstream format and Web mining to Web farming from passively collecting data and analyzing the customer behavior to actively influence the customer's decision making. The proposed model can be developed as a common plugin for most existing commercial websites and portals.
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Is a Mediator of Epidermal Growth Factor–Dependent E-Cadherin Loss in Ovarian Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Cowden Dahl Karen D. , Symowicz Jaime , Ning Yan , Gutierrez Elisa , Fishman David A. , Adley Brian P. , Stack M. Sharon , Hudson Laurie G. 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) is frequently elevated in epithelial ovarian cancer, and E-cadherin expression is often reduced in advanced disease. In this study, we investigated a mechanism by which EGFR activation promotes disruption of adherens junctions through induction of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). We show that EGFR activation down-modulates E-cadherin, and broad spectrum MMP inhibition ameliorates EGF-stimulated junctional disruption and loss of E-cadherin protein. MMP-9 involvement in EGF-dependent down-regulation of E-cadherin was determined by siRNA specifically directed against MMP-9. Furthermore, treatment with recombinant MMP-9 or transient expression of MMP-9 is sufficient to reduce E-cadherin levels in differentiated ovarian tumor cells. Stable overexpression of MMP-9 led to a loss of E-cadherin and junctional integrity, and promoted a migratory and invasive phenotype. Thus, elevated MMP-9 protein expression is sufficient for junctional disruption and loss of E-cadherin in these cells. The associations between EGFR activation, MMP-9 expression, and E-cadherin were investigated in human ovarian tumors and paired peritoneal metastases wherein immunohistochemical staining for activated (phospho) EGFR and MMP-9 colocalized with regions of reduced E-cadherin. These data suggest that regulation of MMP-9 by EGFR may represent a novel mechanism for down-modulation of E-cadherin in ovarian cancer. [Cancer Res 2008;68(12):4606–13]
Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus I Tax Protein Sensitizes p53-Mutant Cells to DNA Damage
Authors: Mihaylova Valia T. , Green Allison M. , Khurgel Moshe , Semmes Oliver J. , Kupfer Gary M. 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Mutations in p53 are a common cause of resistance of cancers to standard chemotherapy and, thus, treatment failure. Reports have shown that Tax, a human T-cell leukemia virus type I encoded protein that has been associated with genomic instability and perturbation of transcription and cell cycle, sensitizes HeLa cells to UV treatment. The extent to which Tax can sensitize cells and the mechanism by which it exerts its effect are unknown. In this study, we show that Tax sensitizes p53-mutant cells to a broad range of DNA-damaging agents, including mitomycin C, a bifunctional alkylator, etoposide, a topoisomerase II drug, and UV light, but not ionizing radiation, a double-strand break agent, or vinblastine, a tubulin poison. Tax caused hypersensitivity in all p53-deleted cell lines and several, but not all, mutant-expressed p53–containing cell lines, while unexpectedly being protective in p53 wild-type (wt) cells. The effect observed in p53-deleted lines could be reversed for this by transfection of wt p53. We also show that Tax activates a p53-independent proapoptotic program through decreased expression of the retinoblastoma protein and subsequent increased E2F1 expression. The expression of several proapoptotic proteins was also induced by Tax, including Puma and Noxa, culminating in a substantial increase in Bax dimerization. Our results show that Tax can sensitize p53-mutant cells to DNA damage while protecting p53 wt cells, a side benefit that might result in reduced toxicity in normal cells. Such studies hold the promise of a novel adjunctive therapy that could make cancer chemotherapy more effective. [Cancer Res 2008;68(12):4843–52]
Transmembrane Protein 18 Enhances the Tropism of Neural Stem Cells for Glioma Cells
Authors: Jurvansuu Jaana , Zhao Ying , Leung Doreen S.Y. , Boulaire Jerome , Yu Yuan Hong , Ahmed Sohail , Wang Shu 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
The failure of current glioma therapies is mainly due to the ability of the tumor cells to invade extensively the surrounding healthy brain tissue, hence escaping localized treatments. Neural stem cells (NSC) are able to home in on tumor foci at sites distant from the main tumor mass, possibly enabling treatment of scattered glioma clusters. To make the strategy more effective, we performed a cDNA expression library screening to identify the candidate genes that once overexpressed would enhance the tropism of NSCs for gliomas. Here, we show that a previously unannotated gene, the one encoding transmembrane protein 18 (TMEM18), is one such gene. Overexpression of TMEM18 was seen in the current study to provide NSCs and neural precursors an increased migration capacity toward glioblastoma cells in vitro and in the rat brain. Functional inactivation of the TMEM18 gene resulted in almost complete loss of the migration activity of these cells. Thus, TMEM18 is a novel cell migration modulator. Overexpression of this protein could be favorably used in NSC-based glioma therapy. [Cancer Res 2008;68(12):4614–22]
Underexpression of RhoH in Hairy Cell Leukemia
Authors: Galiègue-Zouitina Sylvie , Delestré Laure , Dupont Caroline , Troussard Xavier , Shelley Carl Simon 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
The cause of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is unknown. Current treatments seem effective only for a limited period of time. In addition, a significant proportion of patients remain refractive to all treatment options. These considerations indicate the need to develop alternative therapeutic strategies for HCL. Here, we report that HCL is characterized by underexpression of RhoH. In vitro reconstitution of RhoH expression inhibits the aberrant adhesion and transendothelial migration that drives disease pathogenesis. In an in vivo model of HCL, RhoH reconstitution limits malignant progression and protects against mortality. These findings provide the proof of principle that RhoH reconstitution represents a potential new approach to the treatment of HCL. [Cancer Res 2008;68(12):4531–40]
Role of PELP1/MNAR Signaling in Ovarian Tumorigenesis
Authors: Dimple Chakravarty , Nair Sujit S. , Rajhans Rajib , Pitcheswara Perla R. , Liu Jinsong , Balasenthil Seetharaman , Le Xiao-Feng , Burow Matthew E. , Auersperg Nelly , Tekmal Rajeshwar Rao , Broaddus Russell R. , Vadlamudi Ratna K. 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that nuclear receptor (NR) coregulators have potential to act as master genes and their deregulation can promote oncogenesis. Proline-, glutamic acid–, and leucine–rich protein-1 (PELP1/MNAR) is a novel NR coregulator. Its expression is deregulated in hormone-driven cancers. However, the role of PELP1/MNAR in ovarian cancer progression remains unknown. Analysis of serial analysis of gene expression data suggested deregulation of PELP1/MNAR expression in ovarian tumors. Western analysis of PELP1/MNAR in normal and serous ovarian tumor tissues showed 3- to 4-fold higher PELP1/MNAR expression in serous tumors compared with normal ovarian tissues. To examine the significance of PELP1/MNAR in ovarian cancer progression, we have generated model cells that overexpress PELP1/MNAR and ovarian cancer cells in which PELP1/MNAR expression is down-regulated by stable expression of PELP1/MNAR-specific shRNA. Down-regulation of PELP1/MNAR in cancerous ovarian model cells (OVCAR3) resulted in reduced proliferation, affected the magnitude of c-Src and protein kinase B (AKT) signaling, and reduced tumorigenic potential of ovarian cancer cells in a nude mouse model. PELP1/MNAR overexpression in nontumorigenic immortalized surface epithelial cells (IOSE cells) promoted constitutive activation of c-Src and AKT signaling pathways and promoted anchorage-independent growth. Immunohistochemical studies using human ovarian cancer tissue arrays (n = 123) showed that PELP1/MNAR is 2- to 3-fold overexpressed in 60% of ovarian tumors, and PELP1/MNAR deregulation occurs in all different types of ovarian cancer. Collectively, these results suggest that PELP1/MNAR signaling plays a role in ovarian cancer cell proliferation and survival, and that its expression is deregulated in ovarian carcinomas. [Cancer Res 2008;68(12):4902–9]