bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local hyperthermia mediated by gold nanoparticle-integrated silicone-covered stent: feasibility and tissue response in a rat esophageal model
Authors: Tsauo Jiaywei , Liu Yue , Zhang Xiaowu , Fu Yan , Zhao He , Gong Tao , Li Jingui , Li Xiao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
To assess the feasibility and tissue response of using a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-integrated silicone-covered self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) for local hyperthermia in a rat esophageal model.

Methods
The study involved 42 Sprague–Dawley rats. Initially, 6 animals were subjected to near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation (power output from 0.2 to 2.4 W) to assess the in vitro heating characteristics of the AuNP-integrated SEMS immediately after its placement. The surface temperature of the stented esophagus was then measured using an infrared thermal camera before euthanizing the animals. Subsequently, the remaining 36 animals were randomly divided into 4 groups of 9 each. Groups A and B received AuNP-integrated SEMS, while groups C and D received conventional SEMS. On day 14, groups A and C underwent NIR laser irradiation at a power output of 1.6 W for 2 min. By days 15 (3 animals per group) or 28 (6 animals per group), all groups were euthanized for gross, histological, and immunohistochemical analysis.

Results
Under NIR laser irradiation, the surface temperature of the stented esophagus quickly increased to a steady-state level. The surface temperature of the stented esophagus increased proportionally with power outputs, being 47.3 ± 1.4 °C (mean ± standard deviation) at 1.6 W. Only group A attained full circumferential heating through all layers, from the epithelium to the muscularis propria, demonstrating marked apoptosis in these layers without noticeable necroptosis.

Conclusions
Local hyperthermia using the AuNP-integrated silicone-covered SEMS was feasible and induced cell death through apoptosis in a rat esophageal model.

Relevance statement
A gold nanoparticle-integrated silicone-covered self-expanding metal stent has been developed to mediate local hyperthermia. This approach holds potential for irreversibly damaging cancer cells, improving the sensitivity of cancer cells to therapies, and triggering systemic anticancer immune responses.

Key points
• A gold nanoparticle-integrated silicone-covered self-expanding metal stent was placed in the rat esophagus.
• Upon near-infrared laser irradiation, this stent quickly increased the temperature of the stented esophagus.
• Local hyperthermia using this stent was feasible and resulted in cell death through apoptosis.

Graphical Abstract
Posterior cruciate ligament tibial attachment sacrifice percentage is higher in cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty in patients with discoid lateral meniscus
Authors: Xin Weiwei , Gao Yingjian , Zheng Liangjun , Qu Xinhua , Yue Bing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) attachment may be damaged in cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty (CR-TKA) using the complete resection for tibial preparation, and resection amount varies greatly among individuals. Discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) is one of the most common anatomic knee variants. This study aimed to evaluate the difference in PCL attachment sacrifice in CR-TKA between patients with and without DLM.

Methods
Fifty-one knees in the study group (DLM group) were matched 1:1 to 51 control knees (non-DLM group) by age, sex, and maximum width of the tibial plateau. The percentage of the sacrificed PCL attachment and the morphological parameters of the tibial plateau were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a blind manner.

Results
With a tibial cut simulated at a 0°, 3°, and 7° osteotomy slope, the mean PCL attachment resection percentages in the non-DLM group were 40.5%, 53.6%, and 72.6%, respectively. The corresponding resection percentages in the DLM group were 61.0% (P < 0.001), 73.3% (P < 0.001), and 85.7% (P < 0.001), respectively. The percentage of the minimum meniscus width to the maximum tibia width showed a weak positive correlation with the percentage of PCL attachment sacrifice.

Conclusions
A significantly greater portion of PCL attachment was sacrificed in DLM patients undergoing CR-TKA using the complete proximal tibia resection. Attention should be paid to PCL attachment resection during CR-TKA in patients with DLM, and alternative techniques or prosthesis types should be considered.

Graphical Abstract
Association between taste sensitivity, taste preference, and obesity: study of healthy snacks in children aged 9–14 years
Authors: Farapti Farapti , Sari Afifah Nurma , Fadilla Chusnul , Issa Zuraini Mat 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHealthy eating habits are essential to prevent childhood obesity. Children’s eating habits are influenced by many factors, such as taste sensitivity and taste preferences. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between taste sensitivity, taste preference, and obesity in children. This cross-sectional study enrolled 101 healthy children aged 9–14(34 boys and 67 girls). Nutritional status was assessed based on age- and sex-specific BMI z-scores, following CDC Growth Charts. Taste sensitivity was measured using graded sucralose (sweet)/ saline (salty) solution of 0.1709, 0.3418, and 0.6837 mol/L with distilled water (blanks). Taste preferences were assessed using a self-reported questionnaire, the gradation of sugar and salt, and four healthy snacks (two sweet snacks and two salty snacks). Statistical analysis was performed using correlation test. A quarter of the subjects were overweight and obese (25.8%). Most subjects had good taste sensitivity, and it was easier to recognize salty than sweet taste (89.1% vs. 58.4%). Moreover, the sweet taste and sweet food were preferred by almost all subjects. Correlation test showed a correlation between sweet taste sensitivity (r = 0.213; p = 0.032) and sweet preference (r = 0.374; p = 0.029) especially in boys to nutritional status, but not for salty taste. Obesity in children was associated with taste sensitivity and taste preferences especially for sweetness. Presenting healthy foods that consider the daily limit of sugar intake is very important to support optimal nutritional status for children.
Graphical Abstract
Developing a low back pain guideline implementation programme in collaboration with physiotherapists and chiropractors using the Behaviour Change Wheel: a theory-driven design study
Authors: Hubeishy Maja Husted , Rossen Camilla Blach , Dannapfel Petra , Thomas Kristin , Jensen Tue Secher , Maribo Thomas , Rolving Nanna 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background

Low back pain is still the leading cause of disability and societal burden, with 619 million prevalent cases worldwide in 2020. Most countries produce clinical guidelines to support healthcare professionals in evidence-based care regarding low back pain. However, several studies have identified relatively poor uptake of guidelines. Tailored strategies to facilitate the implementation of guidelines have been argued to increase uptake. This study aimed to develop a contextually tailored implementation programme to enhance evidence-based low back pain care among Danish physiotherapists and chiropractors in primary care.

Methods

A theory-driven implementation programme development study was conducted using the Behaviour Change Wheel, with high healthcare professional involvement. Data collection included four workshops with seven physiotherapists and six chiropractors from primary care clinics. The development process consisted of [1] establishing a theoretical frame, [2] involving participants, [3] understanding the behaviour, [4] designing the implementation programme, and [5] final implementation programme.

Results
The target behaviours selected (guideline recommendations) for the implementation programme were (i) screening of psychosocial risk factors and (ii) offering patient education. The barriers and facilitators for the selected behaviours were described and linked to intervention functions and behavioural techniques. Finally, the implementation programme comprised five strategies: webinars, e-learning videos, communication exercises, peer learning, and group dialogue meetings. In addition, the programme consisted of implementation support: champions, a physical material folder, a weekly email reminder, a specially designed website and a visit from an implementation consultant. An essential element of the overall programme was that it was designed as a step-by-step implementation process consisting of 16 h of education and training distributed over 16 weeks.

Conclusions

A programme for implementing low back pain guideline recommendations was developed based on behaviour change theory and four co-design workshops involving healthcare professionals to overcome the contextually identified barriers. A theory-driven approach involving healthcare professionals was useful in identifying relevant target behaviours and tailoring the programme to consider contextual barriers and facilitators for implementation. The effectiveness of the final implementation programme will be evaluated in the project’s next phase.

Trial registration

Central Denmark Region, Registered November 11, 2021, act no. 1-16-02-93-19.
Three-channel robust optical encryption via engineering coherence Stokes vector of partially coherent light
Authors: Liu Yonglei , Dong Zhen , Zhu Yimeng , Wang Haiyun , Wang Fei , Chen Yahong , Cai Yangjian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOptical encryption strategies utilizing fully coherent light have been widely explored but often face challenges such as speckle noise and beam instabilities. In this work, we introduce a novel protocol for multi-channel optical information encoding and encryption using vectorial spatial coherence engineering of a partially coherent light beam. By characterizing the beam’s spatial coherence structure with a $$2 \times 2$$

2
×
2

coherence matrix, we demonstrate independent control over the three components of the coherence Stokes vector. This allows for three-channel optical information encoding and encryption, with applications in color image representation. Unlike existing methods based on fully coherent light modulations, our approach utilizes a two-point dependent coherence Stokes vector, proving resilient to random noise in experimental scenarios. Our findings provide a robust foundation for higher-dimensional optical encoding and encryption, addressing limitations associated with partially coherent light in complex environments.
Entire mechanical analysis of prestressed CFRP strengthened RC beams under different prestressed introduced methods
Authors: Zhang Zhao-jun , Wang Wen-wei , Zhen Jing-shui , Li Bo-cheng , Cai De-cheng , Du Yang-yang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn order to clarify the effect of mechanical tensioning and SMA wire heating recovery on introducing prestress into CFRP sheet strengthened reinforced concrete (RC) beams, an experimental research on the bending performance of prestressed CFRP sheet strengthened RC beams was conducted. Based on the test results, a bending carrying capacity model for RC beams externally strengthened with prestressed CFRP sheets was proposed. The model provides calculation methods for the decompression moment, cracking moment, yielding moment, and ultimate moment, corresponding to different failure modes of the RC beams strengthened with externally bonded prestressed CFRP sheets. Four experimental beams were designed to verify the accuracy of the model with the prestresses of 100 MPa and 200 MPa. The results show that during the yield stage and strengthening stage, the loading-unloading stress-strain relationship curves of SMA wire under different prestrains are basically consistent. When the prestrain of SMA wire is 10%, the maximum recovery stress reaches 448.5 MPa. Under the same prestrain conditions, the maximum recovery stress of CFRP sheets was reduced by 37.8–39.5% when the prestress was introduced through heating recovery of SMA wires. The failure mode of mechanically tensioned prestressed CFRP sheet strengthened beams is the CFRP sheet debonding caused by mid-span bending cracks, while the failure mode of strengthened beams with prestressed CFRP sheet by SMA wire heating recovery is the CFRP sheet end debonding. The cracking moment and yield moment of the strengthened beams are significantly increased by two methods of introducing prestressing. The stiffness improvement of mechanically tensioned prestressed CFRP sheet strengthened beam is relatively large. While, the prestressed CFRP sheet strengthened beam by SMA wire heating recovery gradually experience end peeling failure of the CFRP sheet, and the prestressing effect does not effectively limit the development of cracks, resulting in limited stiffness improvement. The calculation results are in good agreement with the experimental results, proving that the proposed method for analyzing the entire bending process can be used to predict the bending mechanical properties of the prestressed CFRP sheet strengthened beams.
Experimental study on the connection performance of single taper sleeve locking-type joint
Authors: Li Dongdong , Tu Tongheng , Yang Xiuli , Cheng Maolin , Xiao Hao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the pursuit of cost reduction and enhanced construction efficiency in the mechanical connection of reinforcing bars within precast assembled concrete structures, a novel-reinforcing bar connection joint is introduced. This innovative solution entails the utilization of 40Cr alloy steel tubing and the implementation of a hot forging high-precision rolling process to fabricate a series of new rebar joint specimens. Through unidirectional tensile testing, the failure modes of the specimens and the variations in load–displacement curves were meticulously analyzed. The investigation delved into the intricacies of the joint connection mechanism, scrutinizing the influence of three pivotal structural design parameters—namely the embedded length of the rebar, the sleeve thickness, and the clamp thickness—on the ultimate bearing capacity of the joint. The findings indicate that an embedded rebar length ranging from 1.5 to 1.75 times the nominal rebar diameter ensures a tensile strength ratio of the joint to the standard rebar tensile strength not less than 1.1. Notably, the sleeve thickness emerged as a significant factor impacting connection performance, while the clamp thickness exhibited negligible effects on specimen performance. Furthermore, an augmented internal thread angle was found to enhance shear resistance. The optimal design parameters encompass an outer sleeve diameter of 78 mm, a large end clamp diameter of 65 mm, and an internal thread angle of 60°. The proposed single taper sleeve locking-type joint, characterized by a rational structural design, aligns with the stipulations of Grade I joints outlined in the industry standard JG/J 107–2016. This novel joint design is well-suited for the mechanical connection of large-diameter rebars, offering a promising avenue for advancing construction practices in precast assembled concrete structures.
Resonant-pillar-type acoustic black hole for ultralow-frequency vibration reduction
Authors: Zhao Liuxian , Liu Yining , Liao Bin , Liu Feng , Sun Zhaoyong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes a resonant-type acoustic black hole (ABH). The ABH is achieved with gradient refractive index varies from the center of the lens to its outer surface. The performance of wave focusing and vibration reduction via the ABH is explored theoretically and numerically. Results show that the designed ABH can achieve wave focusing inside the lens and provide good vibration reduction at low frequency.
The EU as Active and Passive Political Determinant of Forced Migrants’ Health: Insights from the Case of Germany
Authors: Roos Mechthild 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Context: This article examines the EU's function as a political determinant of health (PDoH) in national-level regulation of forced migrants’ access to health(care), with a focus on Germany. It sheds light on the role the EU has come to play—and has been assigned—in national policy making under the impact of different crises.
Methods: By applying the concepts of claims and frames/framing, the article examines in a document analysis how and to what end(s) the EU as a polity and specific EU legislation were invoked in German draft legislation.
Findings: Increasing Europeanization in the areas of health and migration has not only forced national legislators to adapt legislation to abide by EU rules and standards, it has also prompted governmental actors to shift responsibility for policy reforms to the EU—even in cases where not all of these reforms were legally required.
Conclusions: The EU's role as a PDoH must be considered from two angles: the EU's active potential to determine public health through its policies and laws, and its passive—to some extent involuntary—potential to do so through the strategic invoking of EU norms, rules, and (in)competences by actors across the EU multilevel governance system.
No Country for Sick Men: The Political Determinants of Health Policy in Poland
Authors: Riedel Rafał , Szyszkowska Emilia 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Context: The objective of this article is to explain the political factors determining the relatively weak performance of the Polish health care (HC) sector. This can be treated as a critical case for several reasons. First, the Poles are among the most unsatisfied patients in the European Union, with one of the lowest life expectancy levels. Second, Poland spends one of the lowest shares of gross domestic product on HC-related expenditures among OECD countries. Third, the country is facing medical personnel shortages.
Methods: The analysis is based on the mixed-methods approach. The authors rely on quantitative data outsourced from a survey, which is supplemented by the semistructured, in-depth interviews with selected key HC stakeholders representing patients' advocacy groups, medical personnel organizations, and high-level decision-makers.
Findings: The Polish HC system remains weak due to the postcommunist legacy in terms of organization, a short-term approach by politicians, and weak decision-making processes.
Conclusions: The HC policy inertia in Poland is determined by a group of interrelated political factors that effectively block the development of any positive reform.
Is Redistribution Good for Our Health? Examining the Macrocorrelation between Welfare Generosity and Health across EU Nations over the Last 40 Years
Authors: Scruggs Lyle , Fox Ashley , Reynolds Megan M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Context: Social determinants of health are finally getting much-needed policy attention, but their political origins remain underexplored. In this article, the authors advance a theory of political determinants as accruing along three pathways of welfare state effects (redistribution, poverty reduction, and status preservation), and they test these assumptions by examining impacts of policy generosity on life expectancy (LE) over the last 40 years.
Methods: The authors merge new and existing welfare policy generosity data from the Comparative Welfare Entitlement Project with data on LE spanning 1980–2018 across 21 countries in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. They then examine relationships between five welfare policy generosity measures and LE using cross-sectional differencing and autoregressive lag models.
Findings: The authors find consistent and positive effects for total generosity (an existing measure of social insurance generosity) on LE at birth across different model specifications in the magnitude of an increase in LE at birth of 0.10–0.15 years (p &lt; 0.05) as well as for a measure of status preservation (0.11, p &lt; 0.05). They find less consistent support for redistribution and poverty reduction measures.
Conclusions: The authors conclude that in addition to generalized effects of policy generosity on health, status-preserving social insurance may be an important, and relatively overlooked, mechanism in increasing LE over time in advanced democracies.
EU Economic Governance as a Supranational Determinant of Health Inequalities in the Eurozone
Authors: Ceron Matilde 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic raises the question of austerity's problematic social toll for health in the south of Europe. Has EU economic governance constrained health spending? If so, have these spending levels led to inequalities, which in turn shaped responses to the pandemic? EU economic governance is often dismissed as ineffective because of its poor track record of compliance. Yet austerity is blamed for negative health outcomes. This article shows that the EU fiscal rule is a determinant of health because it affects fiscal policies of European countries. First, the analysis of EU member states during 1995–2018 shows that austerity policies affect health spending and health inequalities. Euro-area countries under the EU Excessive Deficit Procedure significantly consolidated their health spending. The contractionary effect was concentrated in southern countries, contributing to rising health inequalities across the core and periphery. Finally, the analysis shows the pandemic implications of health inequalities, as periphery countries with a track record of high consolidation display more stringent (and costly) COVID-19 response models. This analysis contributes to understanding the supranational determinants of health in the EU, showing the pervasive spillover effects of the fiscal framework on national health policies.
A Framework for Studying EU Health Policy through a Political Determinants of Health Lens: The Case of the European Health Union
Authors: Fischer Torben , Mauer Nicole , Tille Florian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Context: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted how the European Union (EU) impacts national health systems and people's health. In November 2020, the European Commission launched the European Health Union (EHU) to better coordinate and maximize EU member states’ abilities to deal with cross-border health threats. This article scrutinizes the early institutionalization of the EHU and its implications for EU health policy as a political determinant of health (PDoH).
Methods: The article explores how EU health policy may be appreciated from a PDoH perspective. It draws from EU documents and existing research to analyze the early-stage institutionalization of the EHU. The study complements this policy output–focused perspective with an outcome-based exploratory assessment of EU health policy as a PDoH focusing on three examples: joint vaccine procurement, health reforms and investments under the Recovery and Resilience Facility, and the development of a European Health Data Space.
Findings: The article shows that the policy change triggered by the EHU and the potential impact on citizens’ health are not necessarily congruent. Modest change can have a potentially strong impact on health outcomes and vice versa.
Conclusions: The article argues that the PDoH perspective provides a useful approach that is complementary to policy output–based perspectives, allowing for a more comprehensive assessment of the EU's role in health.