bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Group Configuration in Simple Theories and its Applications
Authors: Ben-Yaacov Itay , Tomašić Ivan , Wagner Frank O. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIn recent work, the authors have established the group configuration theorem for simple theories, as well as some of its main applications from geometric stability theory, such as the binding group theorem, or, in the ω-categorical case, the characterization of the forking geometry of a finitely based non-trivial locally modular regular type as projective geometry over a finite field and the equivalence of pseudolinearity and local modularity.The proof necessitated an extension of the model-theoretic framework to includealmost hyperimaginaries, and the study ofpolygroups.
Provability with Finitely Many Variables
Authors: Hirsch Robin , Hodkinson Ian , Maddux Roger D. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractFor every finite n ≥ 4 there is a logically valid sentence φn with the following properties: φn contains only 3 variables (each of which occurs many times); φn contains exactly one nonlogical binary relation symbol (no function symbols, no constants, and no equality symbol); φn has a proof in first-order logic with equality that contains exactly n variables, but no proof containing only n − 1 variables. This result was first proved using the machinery of algebraic logic developed in several research monographs and papers. Here we replicate the result and its proof entirely within the realm of (elementary) first-order binary predicate logic with equality. We need the usual syntax, axioms, and rules of inference to show that φn has a proof with only n variables. To show that φn has no proof with only n − 1 variables we use alternative semantics in place of the usual, standard, set-theoretical semantics of first-order logic.
High yields of isochromatid breaks and successive formation of chromosome exchanges may lead to reproductive cell death following high-LET irradiation
Authors: Gotoh Eisuke , Funada Aya , Mohri Mayumi , Lee Ryonfa , Takakura Kaoru 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
To clarify the relationship between cell death and chromosomal aberrations following exposure to heavy-charged ion particles beams, exponentially growing Human Salivary Gland Tumor cells (HSG cells) were irradiated with various kinds of high energy heavy ions; 13 keV/μm carbon ions as a low-LET charged particle radiation source, 120 keV/μm carbon ions and 440 keV/μm iron ions as high-LET charged particle radiation sources. X-rays (200 kVp) were used as a reference. Reproductive cell death was evaluated by clonogenic assays, and the chromatid aberrations in G2/M phase and their repairing kinetics were analyzed by the calyculin A induced premature chromosome condensation (PCC) method. High-LET heavy-ion beams introduced much more severe and un-repairable chromatid breaks and isochromatid breaks in HSG cells than low-LET irradiation. In addition, the continuous increase of exchange aberrations after irradiation occurred in the high-LET irradiated cells. The cell death, initial production of isochromatid breaks and subsequent formation of chromosome exchange seemed to be depend similarly on LET with a maximum RBE peak around 100–200 keV/μm of LET value. Conversely, un-rejoined isochromatid breaks or chromatid breaks/gaps seemed to be less effective in reproductive cell death. These results suggest that the continuous yield of chromosome exchange aberrations induced by high-LET ionizing particles is a possible reason for the high RBE for cell death following high-LET irradiation, alongside other chromosomal aberrations additively or synergistically.
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Thymus pannonicus All. (Lamiaceae) essential oil
Authors: Maksimović Zoran , Milenković Marina , Vučićević Dragana , Ristić Mihailo 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
This paper presents the results of a study on chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Thymus pannonicus All. (Lamiaceae) essential oil from Vojvodina province (north of Serbia). The investigated oil was hydrodistilled from a flowering plant and analysed by GC and GC-MS. Fifty-three constituents were identified (>97% of total oil), with geranial (41.42%, w/w) and neral (29.61%, w/w) as the most prominent. The antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated using agar disc diffusion and broth microdilution method against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, two strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and two strains of Candida albicans. The essential oil exhibited antimicrobial activity to varying degrees against all tested strains. The maximum activity of T. Pannonicus oil was observed against E. coli, S. aureus and both tested strains of C. Albicans (MIC = 50 µ/ml, each). Moderate activity was observed against P. aeruginosa and one of the tested strains of K. Pneumoniae (MIC = 200 µ/ml), while E. faecalis and the other strain of K. Pneumoniae expressed a higher degree of resistance (MIC > 200 µ/ml). This study confirms that essential oil of T. pannonicus possesses remarkable in vitro antimicrobial activity against several medicinally important pathogens. This is attributable to lemon-scented citral, a mixture of geranial and neral, which has well-documented antimicrobial activity against a range of bacteria and fungi.
Toxicity of dodecylpyridinium and cetylpyridinium clorides against phosphate-accumulating bacterium
Authors: Hrenovic Jasna , Ivankovic Tomislav , Sekovanic Lavoslav , Rozic Mirela 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
The antibacterial effect of cationic surfactants against the pure culture of phosphate (P)-accumulating bacterium Acinetobacter junii was investigated. The estimated EC50 values of the N-dodecylpyridinium chloride (DPC) for growth inhibition was 1.4±0.5 × 10−6 mol L−1 and for the inhibition of the P-uptake rates 7.3±2.6 × 10−5 mol L−1. The estimated EC50 values of the N-cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) for growth inhibition was 4.9±1.3 × 10−7 mol L−1 and for the inhibition of the P-uptake rates 7.7±2.9 × 10−6 mol L−1. This suggests the importance of controlling the amounts of cationic surfactants in influent of the wastewater treatment systems in order to avoid the possible failure of the biological P removal from wastewaters.
Similarities in protein amino acid composition in connection with principles of protein evolution
Authors: Shckorbatov Yuriy , Berezhnoy Andrey 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
The amino acid composition of human alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) was compared with alcohol dehydrogenases from different organisms and with other proteins. Similar amino acid sequences in human ADH (template protein) and in other proteins were determined by means of an original computer program. Analysis of amino acid motifs reveals that the ADHs from evolutionary more close organisms have more common amino acid sequences. The quantity measure of amino acid similarity was the number of similar motifs in analyzed protein per protein length. This value was measured for ADHs and for different proteins. For ADHs, this quotient was higher than for proteins with different functions; for vertebrates it correlated with evolutionary closeness. The similar operation of motif comparison was made with the help of program complex “MEME”. The analysis of ADHs revealed 4 motifs common to 6 of 10 tested organisms and no such motifs for proteins of different function. The conclusion is that general amino composition is more important for protein function than amino acid order and for enzymes of similar function it better correlates with evolutionary distance between organisms.
Omphalocele and gastroschisis and associated malformations
Authors: Stoll Claude , Alembik Yves , Dott Beatrice , Roth Marie‐Paule 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe etiology of gastroschisis and omphalocele is unclear and their pathogenesis is controversial. Because previous reports have inconsistently noted the type and frequency of malformations associated with omphalocele and gastroschisis, we assessed these associated malformations ascertained between 1979 and 2003 in 334,262 consecutive births. Of the 86 patients with omphalocele, 64 (74.4%) had associated malformations. These included patients with chromosomal abnormalities (25, 29.0%); non‐chromosomal syndromes including Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome, Goltz syndrome, Marshall–Smith syndrome, Meckel–Gruber syndrome, Oto‐palato‐digital type II syndrome, CHARGE syndrome, and fetal valproate syndrome; malformation sequences, including ectopia cordis, body stalk anomaly, exstrophy of bladder, exstrophy of cloaca, and OEIS (Omphalocele, Exstrophy of bladder, Imperforate anus, Spinal defect); malformation complexes including Pentalogy of Cantrell, and non‐syndromic multiple congenital anomalies (MCA) (26, 30.2%). Malformations of the musculoskeletal system (31, 23.5%), urogenital system (27, 20.4%), cardiovascular system (20, 15.1%), and central nervous system (12, 9.1%) were the most common other congenital malformations in patients with omphalocele and non‐syndromic MCA. Of the 60 patients with gastroschisis, 10 (16.6%) had associated malformations. In contrast to omphalocele, gastroschisis was rarely associated with a complex pattern of malformation, that is, one each (1.7%) with a chromosomal abnormality (trisomy 21), sequence (amyoplasia congenita), unspecified dwarfism, and 7 (11.7%) with MCA. We observed a striking difference in the prevalence of total malformations (74.4% vs. 16.6%, P < 0.001) and specific patterns of malformations associated with omphalocele and gastroschisis which emphasizes the need to evaluate all patients with omphalocele and gastroschisis for possible associated malformations. Malformation surveillance programs should be aware that the malformations associated with omphalocele can be often classified into a recognizable malformation syndrome or pattern (44.2%). © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mobility and subsistence economy: A diachronic comparison between two groups settled in the same geographical area (Liguria, Italy)
Authors: Sparacello Vitale , Marchi Damiano 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to investigate temporal shifts in skeletal robusticity to infer behavioral changes in two populations (Neolithic, NEOL and Medieval, MED) settled in the same geographic area but involved in different subsistence economies (pastoralism and coastal resources exploitation). This comparison allows us to test the hypothesis that occupational stress and mobility in the same environment produce predictable changes in the robusticity of both upper and lower limbs. Results show a lower degree of humeral robusticity and a similar degree of humeral asymmetry in the two sexes in the MED population. These results are consistent with the relatively less stressful subsistence economy documented in the MED population relative to that of the NEOL. Lower limb results suggest that femoral robusticity does not correlate directly with the level of logistical mobility, but is instead due to the summation of several diverse factors that place biomechanical loads on the hindlimb, particularly unevenness of the terrain. However, female femoral gracility seems to indicate that below a certain “threshold” of mobility, i.e., movement over the natural terrain, terrain conformation is no longer the main contributing factor to femoral robusticity. The femoral shape index Ix/Iy declines through time, particularly in males. This agrees with the expected mobility of the samples based on archaeological and historical data, providing further evidence on the reliability of this index in inferring terrestrial mobility. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Katalytische Oxidation von organischen Substraten durch molekularen Sauerstoff und Wasserstoffperoxid über einen mehrstufigen Elektronentransfer – ein biomimetischer Ansatz
Authors: Piera Julio , Bäckvall Jan‐E. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractOxidationsreaktionen sind sowohl in der Natur von grundlegender Bedeutung als auch entscheidende Umwandlungen in der organischen Synthese. Verfahren, die Übergangsmetalle als substratselektive Katalysatoren und umweltfreundliche stöchiometrische Oxidationsmittel wie molekularen Sauerstoff oder Wasserstoffperoxid nutzen, sind daher eines der wichtigsten Ziele in der Oxidationschemie. Die direkte Oxidation des Katalysators durch molekularen Sauerstoff oder Wasserstoffperoxid ist jedoch häufig kinetisch ungünstigt. Gekoppelte Katalysatorsysteme, d. h. solche, an denen Elektronentransfermediatoren (ETMs) beteiligt sind, können einen energiearmen Weg für die Übertragung der Elektronen vom Katalysator auf das Oxidationsmittel bereitstellen. Dies erhöht die Effizienz der Oxidation deutlich und erweitert den Anwendungsbereich direkter Oxidationsreaktionen erheblich. Wegen der Ähnlichkeit mit biologischen Systemen kann diese Herangehensweise als biomimetischer Ansatz bezeichnet werden.
Some physical properties of acetosolv lignins from bagasse
Authors: Shukry N. , Fadel S. M. , Agblevor F. A. , El‐Kalyoubi S. F. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractAcetosolv‐solubilized lignins were characterized by their solubility in different organic solvents, Fourier transform infrared, 13C‐NMR, UV, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. Solvents having a solubility parameter in the range of 10–12.7 and a hydrogen‐bonding parameter in the range of 3.6–5 were considered good solvents for acetosolv lignins. Fourier transform infrared spectra of the lignins were typical for lignins containing p‐hydroxy phenylpropane (H), guaiacyl (G), and syringyl (S) units. The lignins contained more conjugated and fewer nonconjugated CO groups, and the guaiacyl groups were etherified and condensed. 13C‐NMR confirmed partial acetylation of the lignins and the presence of β‐O‐4 and β‐5 linkages. Acetosolv lignins also showed the typical UV spectrum of annual plants. The effects of the acetic acid concentration and pulping time on the molecular weights of the lignins were explained with the presieving and condensation concepts. The thermal behavior of the acetosolv lignins was also studied. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Methanol permeability and proton conductivity of direct methanol fuel cell membranes based on sulfonated poly(vinyl alcohol)–layered silicate nanocomposites
Authors: Duangkaew P. , Wootthikanokkhan J. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractLayered silicate nanocomposite membranes to be used as electrolyte polymeric membranes in a direct methanol fuel cell were prepared through the mixing of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with various amounts (2, 4, and 5% w/w) of sodium montmorillonite layered silicate nanoclay. The proton conductivity of the polymer was induced by the reaction of the polymer with sulfosuccinic acid. After that, a solution of the sulfonated PVA–layered silicate nanocomposite was cast into membranes. The proton conductivity and methanol permeability of the membranes were determined with a four‐point probe technique and a gas chromatography technique, respectively. In addition, structures of the nanocomposite membranes were characterized with X‐ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier transform infrared techniques. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposite membranes were also determined with a universal testing machine. From the results, it was found that the water uptake, proton conductivity, and methanol permeability of the membranes initially decreased after a 2% (w/w) concentration of the layered silicate was added. Above this nanoclay loading, the water uptake of the membranes increased again. The results were examined in the light of the interaction between the clay and sulfonated polymer, and the steric effect provided the exfoliation of the nanoclay. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
New fluorescent elastomeric materials based on synthetic and natural epoxidized rubbers
Authors: Orlandini Lisia Floriani , Rodembusch Fabiano Severo , de Luca Maria Augusta , Jacobi Marly Maldaner , Stefani Valter 
Published: March 2008

AbstractNew fluorescent elastomeric materials were successfully prepared by reaction of an excited state intramolecular proton transfer‐exhibiting silyl‐functionalized benzothiazole dye with synthetic and natural epoxidized rubbers. The fluorescence emission and excitation spectra were obtained from the dye and the elastomeric materials to characterize its photophysical behavior. The benzothiazole derivative is fluorescent in the yellow region and presents a Stokes shift of 188 nm (solution) and 198 nm (solid state). After purification, the obtained materials from epoxidized rubbers presented excitation and emission maxima located at 358 nm and 550 nm, respectively, with a Stokes shift of 192 nm. The fluorescent dye could not be extracted from these films by solubilization–precipitation procedure, indicating the presence of covalent bonding between the dye and the matrix. On the other hand, the dye could be readily washed out of films that had been prepared using the corresponding nonepoxidized rubbers. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Preparation and characterization of biodegradable chitosan and methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)‐b‐poly (ε‐caprolactone) blend homogeneous films
Authors: Niamsa Noi , Puntumchai Apirak , Sutthikhum Vallaya , Srisuwan Yaowalak , Baimark Yodthong 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBlend homogeneous films of chitosan and water‐soluble methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)‐b‐poly(ε‐caprolactone) (MPEG‐b‐PCL) diblock copolymer with different blend ratios were prepared by aqueous solution blending method. The water‐soluble MPEG‐b‐PCL was synthesized using MPEG with molecular weight of 5000 g/mol and stannous octoate as the initiating system. The molecular weight of MPEG‐b‐PCL obtained from 1H‐NMR was 5800 g/mol. FTIR spectra of the blend films showed that there were intermolecular bonds between chitosan and MPEG‐b‐PCL. Thermal properties of the blend films strongly depended on the blend ratios. Scanning electron micrographs indicated that the blend films were homogeneous films. However, roughness of the blend films increased whereas transparency and moisture uptake decreased upon increasing the MPEG‐b‐PCL blend ratios. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Short‐term variation in the ecological status of a Mediterranean coastal lagoon (NE Iberian Peninsula) after a man‐made change of hydrological regime
Authors: Badosa Anna , Boix Dani , Brucet Sandra , López‐Flores Rocío , Quintana Xavier D. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
The Ter Vell (NE Iberian Peninsula) is a eutrophic coastal lagoon that has been mostly flooded by excessive irrigation water during recent decades. During 2001 and 2002 the lagoon was subject to several water management actions, the main consequence of which was a change in the hydrological regime due to drastically reduced irrigation water inputs to the lagoon.
In order to comply with the Water Framework Directive, all the management actions in an ecosystem should be focused on protecting and, where necessary, improving its ecological status.
The aims of this study were (1) to analyse whether the hydrological change caused by management actions have affected the ecological status of the lagoon, and (2) to discuss the suitability of several physicochemical and biological indicators for the assessment of the ecological status in this kind of coastal ecosystem.
After the change in the hydrological regime, a general improvement of the ecological status was observed mainly as a result of the significant decrease in the nitrogen Trophic State Index and in the abundance of rotifer indicative of eutrophy, and in turn by the significant increase in the water quality index QAELS, based on crustaceans and insect assemblages.
Contradictory results emerged with regard to some of the indicators used. After the hydrological change, the increase in the phosphorus Trophic State Index was related with the fact that Mediterranean confined coastal ecosystems are typically P‐enriched. In contrast with general assumptions, low diversity and richness of the zooplankton and the dominance of a few species have been related with an improvement of the ecological status after the hydrological change, when freshwater inputs were reduced and the lagoon became more confined.
Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coexpression of two mesenchymal cadherins, cadherin 11 and N‐cadherin, on murine fibroblast‐like synoviocytes
Authors: Agarwal Sandeep K. , Lee David M. , Kiener Hans P. , Brenner Michael B. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractObjectiveCadherin 11 has recently been identified on fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS), and studies in mice have demonstrated its importance in synovial lining architecture and inflammation. However, many tissues express more than 1 cadherin. Given the newly appreciated functional significance of cadherins in the synovium, this study was undertaken to determine whether mouse FLS express other cadherins in addition to cadherin 11.MethodsThe characterization of cadherin expression was determined in FLS derived from wild‐type and cadherin 11–null mice using immunofluorescence (IF), biochemical, and immunohistologic techniques.ResultsCadherin 11 expression was observed at points of cell–cell contact in cultured wild‐type mouse FLS. However, despite the lack of cell surface cadherin 11, cadherin 11–null mouse FLS cells still formed intimate cell–cell contacts that contained β‐catenin. Immunoprecipitation of cell surface biotinylated FLS with anti–β‐catenin antibody demonstrated the presence of 2 cell surface catenin‐associated proteins in FLS from wild‐type mice and 1 in FLS sample from cadherin 11–null mice. Using biochemical approaches and reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction, these proteins were determined to be N‐cadherin and cadherin 11. Expression of both N‐cadherin and cadherin 11 in the synovial lining was demonstrated by immunohistochemical analysis of mouse synovium. IF analyses demonstrated colocalization of N‐cadherin and cadherin 11 to the same points of cell–cell contact. However, the inability to coimmunoprecipitate both cadherins using either anti–N‐cadherin or anti–cadherin 11 antibodies suggests that these cadherins are not contained within the same molecular complexes.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate that FLS express both N‐cadherin and cadherin 11, and suggest that these cadherins are not contained within the same molecular complex. Given their importance in modulating cellular behavior, understanding how these cadherins regulate FLS behavior individually and in concert will be critical to understanding synovial architecture and inflammation.
Successful treatment of a patient with takayasu arteritis using a humanized anti–interleukin‐6 receptor antibody
Authors: Nishimoto Norihiro , Nakahara Hideko , Yoshio‐Hoshino Naoko , Mima Toru 
Published: March 2008

AbstractTakayasu arteritis (TA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that involves the aorta and its major branches. Since overproduction of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) seems to play a pathogenic role in TA, we used the anti–IL‐6 receptor (IL‐6R) antibody tocilizumab to treat a 20‐year‐old woman with refractory active TA complicated by ulcerative colitis (UC). Treatment with tocilizumab improved the clinical manifestations of TA and the abnormal laboratory findings in this patient and ameliorated the activity of UC. These results indicate that IL‐6R inhibition with tocilizumab might be a future treatment option for TA.