bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yellow hypergiant V509 Cas: Stable in the ‘yellow void’
Authors: Kasikov A. , Kolka I. , Aret A. , Eenmäe T. , Checha V. 
Published: April 2024

Context. The yellow hypergiant star V509 Cas is currently undergoing an extreme phase of evolution. Having experienced eruptive mass-loss outbursts in the 20th century, the star’s effective temperature reached record high values in the early 2000s. However, since then, the star’s behaviour has displayed an unprecedented level of stability. In spite of that, the star could be traversing through the ‘yellow void’ instability region.
Aims. To describe the current evolutionary state of V509 Cas, we analysed its variability using photometric and spectroscopic data collected over recent years. By comparing our findings with historical records, we aim to determine whether the star’s surface shows signs of stabilisation. Additionally, we investigate the variability of emission components in the wings of certain spectral lines to highlight the contribution of the circumstellar gaseous disc to this phenomenon.
Methods. Our spectroscopic monitoring observations were carried out at Tartu Observatory over the course of seven years, supplemented by echelle spectra obtained at the Nordic Optical Telescope, as well as publicly available photometric data from Gaia, AAVSO, and AAVSO’s Bright Star Monitor programme. We estimated the variability of effective temperature and radial velocity from the spectral time series and correlated it with the brightness variability of V509 Cas.
Results. The results indicate that the star’s average brightness level has remained stable throughout the observed period, with an amplitude of variability ∼0.1 mag. While the amplitude of short-term temperature fluctuations has decreased compared to the early 2000s, the variability of the radial velocity remains similar to historical values from the early 20th century. Moreover, we show how the variable radial velocity affects the emission components in some absorption lines (e.g. Sc II) and how that follows the hypothesis of a disc surrounding the star.
Räumliche Erreichbarkeit von Gedächtnisambulanzen – Eine
geographische Analyse im Rahmen von digiDEM Bayern
Authors: Rühl Jana , Brinkmann Sebastian T. , Schaufler Dominik , Gräßel Elmar , Walker Blake Byron , Kolominsky-Rabas Peter 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Gedächtnisambulanzen können maßgeblich zu einer qualifizierten
Demenzdiagnostik beitragen. Da die Erreichbarkeit medizinischer Einrichtungen
ein wichtiger Prädiktor für deren Inanspruchnahme ist, war es Ziel dieser
Arbeit, die Erreichbarkeit von Gedächtnisambulanzen für Menschen mit Demenz in
Bayern zu ermitteln.
Methodik Mit Hilfe eines Geographischen Informationssystem (GIS) wurden
anhand von OpenStreetMap Straßennetzdaten die Reisezeiten von allen bayerischen
Gemeinden zur jeweils nächstgelegenen Gedächtnisambulanz bestimmt.
Ergebnisse Die Mehrheit der modellierten Anzahl an Menschen mit Demenz in
Bayern (40%; n = 93.950) lebt in Gemeinden mit einer durchschnittlichen
Fahrtzeit von 20 bis 40 Minuten bis zur nächstgelegenen Gedächtnisambulanz.
Knapp 7.000 (3%) benötigen mehr als eine Stunde. Besonders Personen aus
ländlichen Gemeinden müssen deutlich längere Fahrtzeiten zurücklegen, als
Menschen aus städtischen Gebieten.
Schlussfolgerung Eine flächendeckend gute Erreichbarkeit von
Gedächtnisambulanzen für alle Menschen mit Demenz, unabhängig von ihrem Wohnort
ist angesichts der demographischen Entwicklungen dringend geboten. Der gezielte
Ausbau von Gedächtnisambulanzen in Gebieten mit langen Fahrtzeiten oder die
Bereitstellung von mobilen Diagnostikangeboten könnte dazu beitragen die
Versorgungssituation zu verbessern.
Die Zusammenhänge von psychischer Struktur, psychodynamischen
Konflikten und Abwehrstilen bei Adoleszenten mit psychischen
Beschwerden
Authors: Akın Aslı , Reichel Paul Magnus , Weber Elisabeth Clara , Kluge Greta , Goth Kirstin , Obbarius Alexander , Seiffge-Krenke Inge , Sarrar Lea 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Es erfolgte eine Exploration der Zusammenhänge zentraler
psychodynamischer Konstrukte bei Adoleszenten mit psychischen Beschwerden.
Methode 230 Adoleszente (MAlter=18,0±1,9) wurden mittels Struktur- und
Konfliktfragebogen der Operationalisierten Psychodynamischen Diagnostik im
Kindes- und Jugendalter sowie Defense Style Questionnaire für Adoleszente
untersucht.
Ergebnisse Unter Konstanthaltung des Einflusses vom Geschlecht, Alter und
sozioökonomischen Status offenbarten sich geringe bis moderate Zusammenhänge
zwischen hohen Konfliktausprägungen und unreifen Abwehrstilen (r=0,20 bis 0,39,
p<0,05 bis 0,001) sowie strukturellen Defiziten und hohen
Konfliktausprägungen (r=0,15 bis 0,55, p<0,05 bis 0,001) bzw. unreifen
Abwehrstilen (r=0,30 bis 0,69, p<0,001). Psychodynamische Konflikte und
Abwehrstile wurden durch die Strukturdimensionen sowie Alter und Geschlecht
aufgeklärt (R2=0,04 bis 0,49, p<0,05 bis 0,001).
Schlussfolgerung Theoriekonforme Zusammenhänge konnten empirisch
aufgezeigt werden. Dies hat vor dem Hintergrund der Novellierung der
Klassifikation psychisch-struktureller Störungen (ICD-11) im Kindes- und
Jugendalter besondere Relevanz.
Antibacterial Activities of the Algal Bromophenol Methylrhodomelol Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Jacobtorweihen Joshua , Hartmann Anja , Hofer Stefanie , Spiegler Verena 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMethylrhodomelol (1) is a bromophenol from the red alga Vertebrata lanosa that has been associated with antimicrobial properties. The aim of the current study was, therefore, to assess the antimicrobial potential of this compound in more detail against the gram-negative pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 1 exerted weak bacteriostatic activity against different strains when grown in minimal medium, whereas other phenolics were inactive. In addition, 1 (35 and 10 µg/mL) markedly enhanced the susceptibility of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa toward the aminoglycoside gentamicin, while it did not affect the viability of Vero kidney cells up to 100 µM. Finally, pyoverdine release was reduced in bacteria treated at sub-inhibitory concentration, but no effect on other virulence factors was observed. Transcriptome analysis of treated versus untreated P. aeruginosa indicated an interference of 1 with bacterial carbon and energy
metabolism, which was corroborated by RT-qPCR and decreased ATP-levels in treated bacteria. In summary, the current study characterized the antibacterial properties of methylrhodomelol, revealed its potential as an adjuvant to standard antibiotics, and generated a hypothesis on its mode of action.
Isolated Tricuspid Valve Surgery for Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation
Authors: Kaneyuki Daisuke , Jordan Andrew M. , Rosen Jake L. , Macmillan Thomas Reese , Morris Rohinton J. , Tchantchaleishvili Vakhtang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) adversely affects long-term survival; however, isolated tricuspid valve (TV) surgery has been rarely performed due to high operative mortality. In addition, the previous literature included heterogeneous TR etiologies. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate early and long-term outcomes of isolated TV surgery for functional TR.
Methods An electronic search was performed to identify all relevant studies. Baseline characteristics, perioperative variables, and clinical outcomes were extracted and pooled for meta-analysis.
Results This meta-analysis included seven studies. Pooled analyses showed that 68% (35, 89) of patients had preoperative atrial fibrillation or flutter, and 58% (11, 94) had a history of left-sided valve surgery. Seventy-three percent (65, 80) of patients had at least one physical exam finding of right-sided heart failure, and 57% (44, 69) were in New York Heart Association class III or IV. TV replacement was more common than repair. In TV replacement, bioprosthetic valve (39%, 13, 74) was more common than mechanical prosthesis (22%, 18, 26). The early mortality rate was 7%. Twenty percent of patients required a permanent pacemaker postoperatively. The overall 1- and 5-year survival rates were 84.5 and 69.1%, respectively.
Conclusion More than half of the patients who underwent isolated TV surgery for functional TR had undergone left-sided valve surgery and had significant heart failure symptoms at the time of surgery. Further studies on the surgical indication for concomitant TV surgery at the time of left-sided valve surgery and the appropriate timing of surgery for isolated functional TR are needed to improve survival.
Processed Electroencephalogram in Intracranial Hypertension and Brain Hypoperfusion: A Case Report
Authors: Martínez-de los Santos César A. , Becerra-Lio Luis C. , Guillén-Ramírez Edwin O. , Pérez-Ruano Luis A. , Figueroa-Sanchez Jose A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProcessed electroencephalogram (pEEG) is a record of electrical activity of the brain. In certain circumstances, it can reflect pathophysiological alterations and hemodynamic compromise. A 79-year-old woman diagnosed with subarachnoid hemorrhage and postcardiac arrest status was transferred for emergency ventriculostomy. The frontal monitoring with pEEG (SedLine, Masimo) from baseline showed low frontal activity, left and right spectral edge frequency (SEF) without numerical value, low activity in bilateral density spectral array (DSA), and zero in the patient state index (PSI). After ventricular puncture and placement of the ventriculostomy system, the pEEG showed an increase in the frequency and amplitude of the four-channel waveform of the pEEG, DSA, and numerical value of SEF and PSI. The use of pEEG can determine the depth of anesthesia and perhaps detect various cerebral and systemic pathophysiological and hemodynamic alterations; however, single monitoring may not be as predictive, so the use of multimodal monitoring is recommended.
Real-life experience with inotersen at CEPARM, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Dias Moises , Pinto Luiz Felipe , Pinto Marcus Vinícius , Gervais Renata , Accioli Paula , Amorim Gabriela , Guedes Mariana , Gomes Carlos Perez , Pedrosa Roberto Coury , Waddington-Cruz Márcia 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv) is an inherited, progressive, and fatal disease still largely underdiagnosed. Mutations in the transthyretin (TTR) gene cause the TTR protein to destabilize, misfold, aggregate, and deposit in body tissues, which makes ATTRv a disease with heterogeneous clinical phenotype.
Objective To describe the long-term efficacy and safety of inotersen therapy in patients with ATTRv peripheral neuropathy (ATTRv-PN).
Methods Patients who completed the NEURO-TTR pivotal study and the NEURO-TTR OLE open-label extension study migrated to the present study and were followed-up for at least 18 more months to an average of 67 months and up to 76 months since day 1 of the inotersen therapy (D1–first dose of inotersen). Disease progression was evaluated by standard measures.
Results Ten ATTRv-PN patients with Val30Met mutation were included. The mean disease duration on D1 was of 3 years, and the mean age of the patients was of 46.8 years. During an additional 18-month follow up, neurological function, based on the Neuropathy Impairment Score and the Polyneuropathy Disability Score, functionality aspects (Karnofsky Performance Status), and nutritional and cardiac aspects were maintained. No new safety signs have been noted.
Conclusion The treatment with inotersen was effective and well tolerated for the average of 67 months and up to 76 months. Our results are consistent with those of larger phase-III trials.
Greenfield investment and job creation in Ghana: a sectorial analysis and geopolitical implications of Chinese investments
Authors: Assamah Daniel , Yuan Shaoyu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMultinational investment has attracted mixed reactions from scholars and policymakers concerning their role and impact on job creation in host countries, particularly in developing economies. Using Ghana as a case study, this paper examines the impact of Greenfield investment on job creation. Proponents of multinational corporations (MNCs) argue that foreign direct investment (FDI) leads to economic growth, creates technological spillover, increases exports, and creates jobs, among other benefits. This has encouraged developing economies to adopt developmental strategies around MNC activities. Although most researchers have analyzed the impact of FDI on job creation, the unanswered question is: Does greenfield investment in Ghana lead to significant job creation in the formal sector? Extant literature considers FDI monolithic, without adequately differentiating between Green and Brownfield investments. Using granular data from the FDI Markets, this research paper fills this gap by empirically analyzing the Greenfield investment by 386 multinational companies in Ghana from 2003 to September 2020. Over the specified year range, these companies engaged in 500 projects across Ghana. Adopting the ordinary least square analysis (OLS), the study demonstrates that Greenfield investment has a statistically significant and positive impact on job creation in Ghana. Out of the 31 sectors, only the following sectors contribute significantly to job creation through Greenfield investment in Ghana: Consumer Products, Food & Beverage, Industrial Equipment, and Non-automotive transport OEM. This paper contributes to a better understanding of how government investment in fixed assets (GCF) such as roads, railways, and industrial buildings in the local economy should be managed efficiently so as not to spur inflation, which correlates negatively with jobs. Finally, this paper analyzes Chinese investments in Ghana, comparing them with U.S. investments, and examining their broader geopolitical implications, which highlights the importance of aligning foreign investments with national development strategies and adhering to international norms and standards.
The effects of neighbourhood green spaces on mental health of disadvantaged groups: a systematic review
Authors: Xian Zheng , Nakaya Tomoki , Liu Kun , Zhao Bing , Zhang Junhua , Zhang Jiao , Lin Yuxuan , Zhang Jinguang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMental disorders affect many different groups around the world, and disadvantaged groups are often more severely affected. Neighbourhood green spaces (GS) can improve mental health, especially in disadvantaged groups. Many countries address social inequality and inequity through GS interventions. However, current evidence shows inconsistencies, which may result from the study site, research design, socio-demographically diverse samples, inclusivity considerations, and the different metrics used to quantify GS exposure and mental health benefits. Few conceptual models explain how neighbourhood greenery can act as a structural intervention. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method and retrieved 5559 documents from eight databases to examine whether neighbourhood GS can modify mental health associations in disadvantaged groups. We found that neighbourhood GS had substantial protective effects on the mental health of disadvantaged groups. However, disadvantaged people are more influenced by GS quality than by other GS exposures, such as GS usage, distance, and accessibility. Improvements in subjective well-being were most pronounced in terms of mental health outcomes. Mechanistically, neighbourhood GS improves mental health mainly through increased social cohesion and, green visibility, and young people receive further benefits from physical activity (PA). These findings offer a comprehensive understanding of the associations and mechanisms between neighbourhood GS and the mental health of disadvantaged groups, addressing health equities that are induced by the unfair distribution of GS, and thus promoting health-oriented environmental planning and policies.
High-magnification Faraday rotation imaging and analysis of X-pinch implosion dynamics
Authors: Dowhan G. V. , Shah A. P. , Sporer B. J. , Jordan N. M. , Bland S. N. , Lebedev S. V. , Smith R. A. , Suttle L. , Pikuz S. A. , McBride R. D. 
Published: April 2024

An X-pinch load driven by an intense current pulse (&gt;100 kA in ∼100 ns) can result in the formation of a small radius, runaway compressional micro-pinch. A micro-pinch is characterized by a hot (&gt;1 keV), current-driven (&gt;100 kA), high-density plasma column (near solid density) with a small neck diameter (1–10 µm), a short axial extent (&lt;1 mm), and a short duration (≲1 ns). With material pressures often well into the multi-Mbar regime, a micro-pinch plasma often radiates an intense, sub-ns burst of sub-keV to multi-keV x rays. A low-density coronal plasma immediately surrounding the dense plasma neck could potentially shunt current away from the neck and thus reduce the magnetic drive pressure applied to the neck. To study the current distribution in the coronal plasma, a Faraday rotation imaging diagnostic (1064 nm) capable of producing simultaneous high-magnification polarimetric and interferometric images has been developed for the MAIZE facility at the University of Michigan. Designed with a variable magnification (1–10×), this diagnostic achieves a spatial resolution of ∼35 µm, which is useful for resolving the ∼100-μm-scale coronal plasma immediately surrounding the dense core. This system has now been used on a reduced-output MAIZE (100–200 kA, 150 ns) to assess the radial distribution of drive current immediately surrounding the dense micro-pinch neck. The total current enclosed was found to increase as a function of radius, r, from a value of ≈50±25 kA at r ≈ 140 µm (at the edge of the dense neck) to a maximal value of ≈150±75 kA for r ≥ 225 µm. This corresponds to a peak magnetic drive pressure of ≈75±50 kbar at r ≈ 225 µm. The limitations of these measurements are discussed in the paper.
The Spanish Computer-Assisted Listening and Speaking Tutor
Authors: Martínez-Paricio Violeta , Koreman Jacques 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article presents the Spanish version of the Computer-Assisted Listening and Speaking Tutor (CALST), an online
platform that can be used to complement pronunciation training in the classroom. The Spanish CALST offers listening, speaking, and
spelling exercises for Northern-Central Peninsular Spanish as an L2. Exercises are tailored by an automatic comparison with the
learner’s native language based on a database of phonetically specified phoneme inventories for over 500 languages, with the
result that learners with different L1s are exposed to different exercises adapted to their specific needs. In this article, we
present a description of the exercises as well as the criteria used to develop Spanish content for CALST. We discuss the
limitations of the platform, the logging of user results as a partial solution to these limitations, and the possible future use
of the logged data to increase our understanding of L2 acquisition.
Analyzing warp drive spacetimes with Warp Factory
Authors: Helmerich Christopher , Fuchs Jared , Bobrick Alexey , Sellers Luke , Melcher Brandon , Martire Gianni 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The field of warp research has been dominated by analytical methods to investigate potential solutions. However, these approaches often favor simple metric forms that facilitate analysis but ultimately limit the range of exploration of novel solutions. So far the proposed solutions have been unphysical, requiring energy condition violations and large energy requirements. To overcome the analytical limitations in warp research, we introduce Warp Factory: a numerical toolkit designed for modeling warp drive spacetimes. By leveraging numerical analysis, Warp Factory enables the examination of general warp drive geometries by evaluating the Einstein field equations and computing energy conditions. Furthermore, this comprehensive toolkit provides the determination of metric scalars and insightful visualizations in both 2D and 3D, offering a deeper understanding of metrics and their corresponding stress–energy tensors. The paper delves into the methodology employed by Warp Factory in evaluating the physicality of warp drive spacetimes and highlights its application in assessing commonly modeled warp drive metrics. By leveraging the capabilities of Warp Factory, we aim to further warp drive research and hopefully bring us closer to realizing physically achievable warp drives.
Designing spintronic devices in two-dimensional γ-graphyne: from ultrafast spin dynamics to logic applications
Authors: Xu(徐帅) Shuai , Xie(谢昊) Hao , Zhang(张一鸣) Yiming , Zhang(张宸榕) Chenrong , Jin(金蔚) Wei , Lefkidis Georgios , Hübner Wolfgang , Li(李春) Chun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The integration of two-dimensional materials into spintronics represents a frontier in the development of novel computational devices. In this work, by utilizing ab initio many-body theory, we investigate the spin dynamics within the Co-doped γ-graphyne structure, with a particular emphasis on the role of cobalt atoms as magnetic centers. The result reveals that each cobalt atom on the γ-graphyne hosts states with enough spin-density localization to facilitate both local spin flips and global spin transfers. The spin-dynamic processes in our study are characterized by ultrafast time scales and high fidelities, demonstrating efficient spin control in the system. Building upon these spin-dynamic processes, we theoretically construct a spin-based Reset-Set latch, thus demonstrating the feasibility of sophisticated logic operations in our system. Such spin-based devices exhibit the advantages of nano-spintronics over conventional-electronic approaches, offering lower energy consumption, faster operational speeds, and greater potential for miniaturization. The results highlight the efficacy of γ-graphyne nanoflakes doped with cobalt atoms as spin-information processing units, signifying a pivotal advancement in the incorporation of graphyne-based materials into sophisticated spintronic devices. This research paves the way for their application in areas such as data storage, quantum computing, and the development of complex logic-processing architectures.
Performance enhancement of 2D tin-halide perovskite transistors via molecule-assisted grain boundary passivation and hole doping
Authors: Le Zhikai , Liu Ao , Zhu Huihui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Tin (Sn2+)-based halide perovskites have garnered considerable interest for potential applications in field-effect transistors, owing to their low-cost solution processing capability and favorable hole transport properties. However, the polycrystalline nature of halide perovskite films necessitates efficient grain boundary passivation for reliable and stable device operation. Additionally, as a p-type semiconductor, controllable hole-doping is desired for modulating electrical properties. In this study, we demonstrate the dual functionality of doping the small molecule tetrafluoro-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ) into (C6H5C2H4NH3)2SnI4 (abbreviated as (PEA)2SnI4) through a cost-effective solution process. This doping introduces F4TCNQ as both a grain boundary passivator and a charge transfer p-dopant, resulting in effective improvements in transistor performance with a 6-fold enhancement in mobility, a substantial reduction in hysteresis, an enhanced current ratio, and improved stabilities.