bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lysis of fresh human B‐lymphocyte‐derived leukemia cells by interferon‐activated natural killer (NK) cells
Authors: Pattengale Paul K. , Gidlund Magnus , Nilsson Kenneth , Sundstrom Christer , Sallstrom Jan , Simonsson Bengt , Wigzell Hans 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFresh neoplastic B cells from 14 untreated patients with naturally occurring B‐cell leukemias were found to be susceptible to lysis by human natural killer (NK) cells. The observed lysis of the fresh, non‐cultured, neoplastic B cells was mediated by a population of interferon‐augmentable, FcR‐positive, non‐adherent lymphoid cells, which were also able to kill the “standard” NK target K562. A further finding was the correlation of NK susceptibility with disease activity in 11 patients with chronic lymphocytic (CLL) and one patient with lymphosarcoma cell leukemia (LSCL). Enriched neoplastic B cells from seven untreated patients with non‐progressive CLL, whose disease activity was stable throughout the 6 month period of study, exhibited persistent and essentially unchanged NK susceptibility profiles. In contrast, four untreated patients with progressive CLL also had a measurable fraction of NK‐susceptible, neoplastic targets, but these cells subsequently disappeared after successful cytoreductive therapy, and later re‐emerged when these patients again developed progressive disease. Furthermore, one patient with LSCL was found to have persistent, measurable NK susceptibility in his tumor‐enriched fraction after unsuccessful cytoreductive therapy. An additional finding in the peripheral blood of patients with chronic B‐cell leukemias was the presence of significantly lower NK effector‐cell activity against K562 as compared to normal donor peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). The implications of these findings are discussed.
The use of three‐dimensional collagen gels for the study of tumour cell invasion in vitro: Experimental parameters influencing cell migration into the gel matrix
Authors: Schor Seth L. , Schor Ana M. , Winn Brian , Rushton Graham 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have been using three‐dimensional gels of native collagen fibres as a substratum for the study of cell migratory behaviour. The objective of this work has been to develop an experimental model system for the study of tumour cell invasion. Data are presented in this communication concerning the effects of a number of experimental parameters on the migration of human foreskin fibroblasts (normal) and a Syrian hamster melanoma cell line (tumour) into three‐dimensional gels of native collagen fibres. We find that the migration of both these cell types into the gel matrix is affected by the concentration of collagen in the gel, as well as by the initial density of cells plated onto the gel and the density of cells in the stock culture dishes. These results are discussed in terms of the control of cell migration into the gel and also demonstrate the potential utility of this model system for the study of tumour cell invasion.
A ts T mutant of Schmidt ruppin strain of rous sarcoma virus restricted at 39.5°C for the morphological transformation and the tumorigenicity of chicken embryo fibroblasts
Authors: Poirier F. , Lawrence D. , Vigier P. , Jullien P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn order to investigate a possible correlation beween in vitro transformation and tumorigenicity in ovo, a new temperature‐sensitive class T mutant of Rous Sarcoma Virus was isolated with a lower (39·5C) restrictive temperature for morphological transformation. This lower restrictive temperature was compatible with the survival of chicken and duck eggs for the tumorigenicity studies. In chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) infected by this new mutant, PA 17, and cultured at 39·5C, increase of hexose uptake, plasminogen activator production and anchorageindependent growth were only partially restricted, requiring incubation at 41·5C for a complete shut‐off. Tumorigenicity in chicken and duck eggs inoculated with CEF infected and transformed by PA 17 was restricted at 39·5C, correlating well with the restriction of morpholgical transformation at this temperature. The kinase activity of the transforming protein pp in lysates of PA 17 infected cells cultured at permissive or restrictive temperatures was labile in RIPA buffer, as in the case of some previously examined tsT mutants. In the non‐ionic detergent NP40 buffer, the kinase activity of PA 17 infected cell lysates was better conserved and showed a moderate temperature dependence. These results suggest that, in spite of the correlations between the transformed cell phenotype in vitro and cell tumorigenicity in ovo, it is difficult to establish a quantitative relationship.
Detection of Epstein‐Barr viral DNA internal repeats in the nasopharyngeal mucosa of chinese with IgA/ebv‐specific antibodies
Authors: Desgranges C. , Bornkamm G. W. , Zeng Y. , Wang P. C. , Zhu J. S. , Shang M. , De‐Thé G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFifty‐six South Chinese individuals exhibiting IgA antibodies to EBV for 18 months and presenting naso‐pharyngeal abnormalities were biopsied. Four nasopha‐ryngeal carcinomas, two at a very early stage, were detected. In 14 further individuals, without clinical or his‐topathological evidence of tumor, EBV/DNA internal repeats and/or EBNA were detected in the biopsied mucosae. The presence of IgA/EBV antibodies and/or EBV markers in the nasopharyngeal mucosa may characterize pre‐cancerous conditions.
Serological mass survey for early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in wuzhou city, china
Authors: Zeng Y. , Jan M. G. , Zhang Q. , Zhang L. G. , Li H. Y. , Wu Y. C. , Wang Y. S. , Su G. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA serological mass survey was carried out in Wuzhou City of the Guangxi Autonomous Region, China. Sera were collected from 12,932 persons between the ages of 40 and 59. The positive rate of VCA/IgA antibody‐positive persons was 5.3%, but no EA/IgA antibody was found in sera from VCA/IgA‐negative persons. Thirteen and nine nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients were detected from the VCA/IgA and EA/IgA antibody‐positive persons, respectively. With the present combination method the detection rate of NPC for 12,932 persons was 100.5/100,000 and for 680 VCA/IgA antibody‐positive persons it was 1,900/100,000. Thus, the rate was twice and 37 times higher, respectively, than the annual incidence rate of NPC in persons of the same age group from 1975‐1978 in Wuzhou City. Of 13 NPC patients, 9 were in stage 1(70%) and 4 in stage II (30%). Therefore, it is possible to reduce the mortality rate of NPC in Wuzhou City by radiotherapy of NPC patients in the early stage of the disease. The present results further suggest that EB virus is closely associated with NPC.
Analysis of human genital warts (condylomata acuminata) and other genital tumors for human papillomavirus type 6 DNA
Authors: Gissmann Lutz , De Villiers Ethel‐Michele , Hausen Harald Zur 
Published: February 2007

Abstract32P‐labelled cloned HPV 6 DNA was used as probe to analyze human genital tumors for DNA sequences homologous to HPV 6 DNA. Ninety three percent of all condylomata acuminata (41 out of 44) were found to harbor HPV 6 DNA. Of the remaining three, one contained HPV 1 DNA. No papillomavirus DNA was identified in the two other tumors. All three invasively growing giant condylomata acuminata (Buschke‐Löwenstein tumors) investigated also contained HPV 6 DNA. Two out of six atypical condylomata of the cervix hybridized with HPV 6 DNA under stringent conditions, one only under conditions of low stringency. All DNA preparations from malignant tumors studied (54 cervical carcinomas, 10 penile carcinomas, two vulvar carcinomas) failed to anneal with HPV 6 DNA, even under conditions of low stringency. Although all HPV 6‐positive condylomata acuminata analyzed in this study revealed HPV 6 DNA of regular molecular weight (5.1 × 106), two of the Buschke‐Löwenstein tumors, as well as one of the two positive atypical condylomata of the cervix, contained HPV 6 DNA with a remarkable size hetergeneity. Apparently all size classes occurred in a supercoiled form without evidence for integration into host cell DNA.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in american children: Epstein‐Barr virus‐specific antibody titers and prognosis
Authors: Naegele Robert F. , Champion John , Murphy Sharon , Henle Gertrude , Henle Werner 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeven American juvenile patients with undifferentiated or nonkeratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) were examined serially for Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐specific antibody spectra and titers in sera. At diagnosis, all showed antibody patterns characteristic of NPC: i.e., high titers of IgG antibodies to viral capsid antigen (VCA) and to the diffuse (D) component of the early antigen complex. Six patients had IgA antibodies to VCA, and four to the D component. In the patients who responded to therapy with complete and maintained remissions, the IgG antibodies to D and the IgA antibodies to VCA and D decreased to undetectable levels within 12 to 30 months. By contrast, of the four patients who responded only transiently to therapy, three showed substantial increases and one continuously high titers of IgG anti‐D and IgA anti‐VCA. The increases in antibody titers preceded clinical recognition of recurrent tumors by 1 to 6 months. Three of these patients have died and the fourth is alive with disease. These data indicate that American juvenile NPC does not differ from the adult disease observed anywhere in the world. They reaffirm the potential usefulness of EBV‐specific serology in the diagnosis and prognosis of NPC and the monitoring of patients following therapy.
2′ and 3′ Ribonucleoside monophosphate in leukocytes of acute myeloid leukemia: Markers for early diagnosis of relapse
Authors: Scavennec JoëLle , Cailla Hélène , Gastaut Jean‐Albert , Maraninchi Dominique , Carcassonne Yves 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLevels of 2′ and 3′ purine and pyrimidine ribonucleoside monophosphates (2′‐, 3′‐NMP) in leukocytes from blood and/or bone marrow were measured in three adult patients with acute non‐lymphoblastic leukemias. The measurements of 2′‐, 3′‐NMP were made by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at various times in the course of the disease. Complete remission (CR) was obtained for all three patients but two of these have since died after relapsing at 8 and 9 months, respectively. The third patient remains in CR at 1½ year. The levels of 2′‐, 3′‐NMP in the leukocytes of the patient remaining in remission have not changed since the beginning of his remission. However, in the patients who relapsed 2′‐ and 3′‐NMP levels increased first in bone marrow then in blood leukocytes. These increases occured about 3 months before the relapse was detected by morphological criteria. These data suggest that 2′‐, 3′‐NMP measurements may have a prognostic value if used to monitor patients with acute myeloid leukemia in CR.
Complement‐fixing antibody to epstein‐barr virus soluble antigen in populations at high and low risk for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Levine Paul H. , Connelly Roger R. , Mestre Miguel , Ebbesen Peter , Das Saroj , Middleton Moses 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGreenland Eskimos comprise an ethnic group with one of the highest recorded incidence rates for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the world. Sera from 625 Eskimos and 73 Danes (Caucasians) living in Greenland, as well as from 62 Danes living in Denmark, were tested for complement‐fixing antibody to Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) soluble antigen and, from this study group, 129 donors were matched by age and sex for a study comparing antibody to viral capsid antigen, early antigen, and soluble antigen. Both Eskimos and Danes living in Greenland had significantly higher titers of EBV antibodies than Danes living in Denmark, suggesting that environment was more important than genetics or socio‐economic factors in determining the antibody response to EBV. Age and sex were also factors, higher titers occurring in females and young Eskimos.
Evidence that hamster fibroblast tumors emerge in nude mice through the process of two in vivo selections leading to growth factor “relaxation” and to immune resistance
Authors: Pérez‐Rodriguez R. , Franchi A. , Pouysségur J. , Deys B. F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cell line (CCI39), anchorage‐ and highly serum‐dependent for growth, is tumorigenic in nude mice. Tumors arise after 4 to 8 weeks following the inoculation of 5 × 105 cells. We have shown that all the emerging tumoral clones (more than 20 analyzed) have lost the growth factor dependence of the parental cells (Pérez‐Rodriguez et al., 1981 a). To mimic this selection which occurred in vivo, we selected in vitro growth‐factor‐independent variants. These variants, GFI304 and GFI461, can proliferate in a serum‐free medium supplemented with transferrin alone. This character is stable since it is not lost after the GFI variants have been cultivated in non‐selective medium (serum) for more than 20 generations. In spite of their “autonomous” growth and anchorage independence, GFI variants are poorly tumorigenic. The observation of nodule formation and subsequent regression in nude mice, immunosuppressed (irradiation or cyclophosphamide) or not, led us to the conclusion that at least two selections in vivo are required for the tumoral expression of CCI39 cells. One leads to a loss of growth factor requirement, the second towards a resistance to the immune surveillance mechanisms of the nude mice. The 4‐ to 8‐week lag period of tumor formation may be accounted for by the spontaneous emergence in vivo of the two new characters necessary to bypass host growth restraints. This report supports the concept of stepwise progression and clonal evolution of preneoplastic cells in vivo and also indicates that tumorigenicity tests in nude mice should be interpreted with caution.
Monoclonal antibodies to epstein‐barr virus‐induced, transformation‐associated cell surface antigens: Binding patterns and effect upon virus‐specific t‐cell cytotoxicity
Authors: Rowe M. , Rickinson A. B. , Epstein M. A. , Hildreth J. E. K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSpleen cells from mice immunized with Epstein‐Barr virus‐transformed lymphoblastoid cells (EB‐LCL) were used to generate monoclonal antibodies to cell surface antigens associated with the EB virus‐transformed state. Radioimmune and immunofluorescence binding assays identified two antibodies, MHM6 and AC2, which reacted consistently with all EB‐LCL tested, with a subpopulation of cells in some but not all EB virus genome‐positive Burkitt lymphoma lines, but with none of a range of EB virus genome‐negative cell lines of lymphoma or leukaemia origin. While MHM6 appeared to bind an EB virus‐related antigen, AC2 bound some other cell surface antigen which was also found on a small subpopulation of cells in lymphocyte cultures stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin or with pokeweed mitogen. MHM6 and AC2 recognized single polypeptides with apparent molecular weights of 45 kd and 80 kd respectively as shown by sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresb (SDS‐PAGE) analysis of 125I‐labelled cell surface polypeptides immunoprecipitated with these antibodies. These polypeptides were induced on experimentally‐infected B cells within 24 h of the expression of the EB virus nuclear antigen, EBNA, at a time known to coincide with the appearance of the lymphocyte‐detected membrane antigen, LYDMA. However, saturating concentrations of MHM6 and of AC2 were unable to protect EB‐LCL target cells from lysis by LYDMA‐specific cytotoxic T cells in a chromium‐release assay.
Final case reporting from the ugandan prospective study of the relationship between ebv and burktit's lymphoma
Authors: Geser A. , De Thé G. , Lenoir G. , Day N. E. , Williams E. H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA prospective epidemiological study was carried out in the West Nile District of Uganda from 1972 to 1979 in order to investigate the aetiological role of the Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) in Burkitt's lymphoma (BL). By 1976, fourteen BL cases had been detected among the 42,000 children originally bled in the study area. Testing of sera from BL candidates and neighbourhood controls showed that children who develop BL later have EBV/VCA titres several dilutions higher than their age‐ and sex‐matched neighbours. This appearance of a strong EBV activity long before BL development was taken as evidence of a causal role of EBV in BL In order to add to the unique material of pre‐bled BL cases, BL detection was continued up to March 1979 when field work became impossible in Uganda. Two additional pre‐bled BL cases were found during this extension of the study. The serological and virological evaluation of these additional cases showed that the EBV/VCA titres, but not the EA and EBNA titres, were about two dilutions higher in the BL candidates than in the controls. Hybridization assays showed that both lymphomas contained EBV/DNA in the tumour cells. These additional results thus confirm the findings in the first 14 cases and strengthen the epidemiological evidence for a causal role of the EBV in endemic BL.
Sera from patients with undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma contain a factor which abrogates specific epstein‐barr virus antigen‐induced lymphocyte response
Authors: Sundar Syam K. , Ablashi Dharam V. , Kamaraju Lakshmi S. , Levine Paul H. , Faggioni Alberto , Armstrong Gary R. , Menezes José , Pearson Gary R. , Krueger Gerhard R. F. , Bertram G. , Sesterhenn K. , Hewetson John F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA unique association of Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) with the undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a well acknowledged phenomenon. We report here the detection of a factor present in the sera of NPC patients which inhibits the blastogenic response of lymphocytes from EBV seropositive individuals to EB virions or soluble antigens. This lymphocyte‐stimulation inhibitor (LSI) was found to be associated with the IgA fraction of the serum immunoglobulins. No inhibitory activity was detected in the sera and their immunoglobulin fractions from healthy (both EBV‐seropositive and seronegative) individuals and patients with other carcinomas of the head and neck region. Interestingly, the IgA‐LSI was absent in the sera of NPC patients who were successfully treated and remained in remission, while it was readily detectable in the sera of NPC patients in relapse. LSI‐positive IgA fractions did not inhibit mitogenic response of lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin. Taken together, the data presented suggest that LSI is a specific inhibitor of the response of sensitized lymphocytes to EBV antigens and that it may indeed represent a marker of great clinical significance regarding undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma, particularly for its prognosis.
Induction or elimination of tumor‐specific immunity against a chemically‐induced rat tumor using auto‐anti‐idiotypic immunity
Authors: Binz Hans , Meier Beat , Wigzell Hans 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDA rat sarcomas P, and P, were induced by dimethylbenz (a) anthracene. A tumor‐specific immune response of DA rats against P1‐tumor cells could be demonstrated at the humoral and cellular level. DA anti‐P1 antibodies were purified on fixed Prtumor cells and used as autoimmunogen in DA rats for the production of antiidiotypic antibodies. Such antiidiotypic antibodies could be demonstrated by using a solid‐phase radioimmunoassay and by their ability to induce secondary type of DA anti‐P1 responses in vitro. In addition, such antibodies were able to induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes capable of eliminating P1‐tumor cells but not control tumor cells. In some of the auto‐immunized DA rats enhanced P1‐tumor growth could be observed, indicating that the anti‐idiotypic immune response had led to a selective ablation of idiotypic, potential anti‐P1 reactive T cells.
Progression of carcinogen‐induced foci of y‐glutamyltranspeptidase‐positive hepatocytes to hepatomas in rats fed a choline‐deficient diet
Authors: Takahashi Seiichi , Lombardi Benito , Shinozuka Hisashi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFollowing previous findings that feeding a choline‐deficient (CD) diet to rats strongly promotes the evolution of liver cells, initiated by a chemical carcinogen, to foci of y‐glutamyltranspeptidase (yGT)‐positive hepatocytes, we investigated whether a CD diet could also promote the evolution of yGT‐positive foci to hepatomas. yGT‐positive foci were induced in male Sprague‐Dawley rats by administration of a single dose of diethyInitrosamine followed by 2 weeks' feeding on a CD diet containing 0.02% acetylaminofluorene. Immediately thereafter, one group of rats was fed a plain CD diet and the other a choline‐supplemented (CS) diet, and subgroups of animals were killed periodically for analysis of the number and size of yGT‐positive foci and development of hepatomas. During the first 7 weeks after switching the diets, the number and size of the foci increased in both groups. At 12 and 16 weeks, the number and size of foci began to decline in rats fed the CS diet However, in the CD group, there was a progressive increase in the size with coalescence of the foci, as well as development of neoplastic nodules. These lesions were followed at 20 and 28 weeks by development of hepatomas at a high incidence rate. In rats fed the CS diet, a few scattered yGT‐positive foci, and small neoplastic nodules remained in the liver at 20 and 28 weeks, but no hepatomas developed. These results show that the CD diet is a potent promoter of the evolution of foci of altered hepatocytes to hepatomas, and that most of the yGT‐positive foci are reversible lesions.
Lymphotoxin enhances the susceptibility of neoplastic and preneoplastic cells to natural killer cell mediated destruction
Authors: Ransom Janet H. , Evans Charles H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTreatment of neoplastic guinea‐pig cells for 1‐14 days with 300 units of guinea‐pig lymphotoxin/ml medium enhanced 2‐ to 5‐fold their susceptibility to natural killer (NK) cell‐mediated cytotoxicity as measured by 4 h 51Cr and 72 h [3H]thymidine‐release assays. The NK susceptibility of human neoplastic and guinea‐pig non‐neoplastic cells refractory to guinea‐pig lymphotoxin growth‐inhibitory activity was unchanged after lymphotoxin treatment. Lymphotoxin preparations were free of detectable interferon and the enhancing activity copurified with lymphotoxin during diafiltration and isoelectric focusing. Treatment of NK cells with lymphotoxin preparations also augmented NK‐mediated lysis but that activity did not copurify with lymphotoxin. As with neoplastic cells, lymphotoxin‐sensitive preneoplastic cells previously treated with ultraviolet light, a chemical carcinogen, or carcinogen and the tumor‐promoting agent tetradecanoyl‐phorbol‐acetate also exhibited lymphotoxin enhancement to NK‐cell destruction. Thus, the immunologk hormone lymphotoxin enhances the susceptibility of lymphotoxin‐sensitive cells to NK‐cell destruction, indicating that these two natural immune mediators, lymphotoxin and NK cells, have the potential in concert to regulate carcinogenesis and neoplastic growth.