bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research autopsy programmes in oncology: shared experience from 14 centres across the world
Authors: Geukens Tatjana , Maetens Marion , Hooper Jody E , Oesterreich Steffi , Lee Adrian V , Miller Lori , Atkinson Jenny M , Rosenzweig Margaret , Puhalla Shannon , Thorne Heather , Devereux Lisa , Bowtell David , Loi Sherene , Bacon Eliza R , Ihle Kena , Song Mihae , Rodriguez‐Rodriguez Lorna , Welm Alana L , Gauchay Lisa , Murali Rajmohan , Chanda Pharto , Karacay Ali , Naceur‐Lombardelli Cristina , Bridger Hayley , Swanton Charles , Jamal‐Hanjani Mariam , Kollath Lori , True Lawrence , Morrissey Colm , Chambers Meagan , Chinnaiyan Arul M , Wilson Allecia , Mehra Rohit , Reichert Zachery , Carey Lisa A , Perou Charles M , Kelly Erin , Maeda Daichi , Goto Akiteru , Kulka Janina , Székely Borbála , Szasz A Marcell , Tőkés Anna‐Mária , Van Den Bogaert Wouter , Floris Giuseppe , Desmedt Christine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhile there is a great clinical need to understand the biology of metastatic cancer in order to treat it more effectively, research is hampered by limited sample availability. Research autopsy programmes can crucially advance the field through synchronous, extensive, and high‐volume sample collection. However, it remains an underused strategy in translational research. Via an extensive questionnaire, we collected information on the study design, enrolment strategy, study conduct, sample and data management, and challenges and opportunities of research autopsy programmes in oncology worldwide. Fourteen programmes participated in this study. Eight programmes operated 24 h/7 days, resulting in a lower median postmortem interval (time between death and start of the autopsy, 4 h) compared with those operating during working hours (9 h). Most programmes (n = 10) succeeded in collecting all samples within a median of 12 h after death. A large number of tumour sites were sampled during each autopsy (median 15.5 per patient). The median number of samples collected per patient was 58, including different processing methods for tumour samples but also non‐tumour tissues and liquid biopsies. Unique biological insights derived from these samples included metastatic progression, treatment resistance, disease heterogeneity, tumour dormancy, interactions with the tumour micro‐environment, and tumour representation in liquid biopsies. Tumour patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) or organoid (PDO) models were additionally established, allowing for drug discovery and treatment sensitivity assays. Apart from the opportunities and achievements, we also present the challenges related with postmortem sample collections and strategies to overcome them, based on the shared experience of these 14 programmes. Through this work, we hope to increase the transparency of postmortem tissue donation, to encourage and aid the creation of new programmes, and to foster collaborations on these unique sample collections. © 2024 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Polyketide synthase positive Escherichia coli one‐time measurement in stool is not informative of colorectal cancer risk in a screening setting
Authors: de Klaver Willemijn , de Wit Meike , Bolijn Anne , Tijssen Marianne , Delis‐van Diemen Pien , Lemmens Margriet , Spaander Manon CW , Dekker Evelien , van Leerdam Monique E , Coupé Veerle MH , van Boxtel Ruben , Clevers Hans , Carvalho Beatriz , Meijer Gerrit A 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEnvironmental factors like the pathogenicity island polyketide synthase positive (pks+) Escherichia coli (E. coli) could have potential for risk stratification in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. The association between pks+ E. coli measured in fecal immunochemical test (FIT) samples and the detection of advanced neoplasia (AN) at colonoscopy was investigated. Biobanked FIT samples were analyzed for both presence of E. coli and pks+ E. coli and correlated with colonoscopy findings; 5020 CRC screening participants were included. Controls were participants in which no relevant lesion was detected because of FIT‐negative results (cut‐off ≥15 μg Hb/g feces), a negative colonoscopy, or a colonoscopy during which only a nonadvanced polyp was detected. Cases were participants with AN [CRC, advanced adenoma (AA), or advanced serrated polyp (ASP)]. Existing DNA isolation and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) procedures were used for the detection of E. coli and pks+ E. coli in stool. A total of 4542 (90.2%) individuals were E. coli positive, and 1322 (26.2%) were pks+ E. coli positive. The prevalence of E. coli in FIT samples from individuals with AN was 92.9% compared to 89.7% in FIT samples of controls (p = 0.010). The prevalence of pks+ E. coli in FIT samples from individuals with AN (28.6%) and controls (25.9%) was not significantly different (p = 0.13). The prevalences of pks+ E. coli in FIT samples from individuals with CRC, AA, or ASP were 29.6%, 28.3%, and 32.1%, respectively. In conclusion, the prevalence of pks+ E. coli in a screening population was 26.2% and did not differ significantly between individuals with AN and controls. These findings disqualify the straightforward option of using a snapshot measurement of pks+ E. coli in FIT samples as a stratification biomarker for CRC risk. © 2024 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Application of machine learning methods in the analysis of interface bonding strength for overmolded hybrid thermoset‐thermoplastic composites
Authors: Yin Yulong , Zhai Zhanyu , Ding Yudong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe focus of this study is to apply finite element method (FEM) and machine learning methods to investigate the interfacial bonding strength of continuous fiber reinforced thermoset composite (TSC)‐thermoplastic structures manufactured through co‐curing and overmolding processes, with polyamide 6 (PA 6) as the thermoplastic material. A model for interfacial healing degree in TSC‐PA 6 structures was developed. Then, FEM was employed to study the influence of various injection overmolding process parameters on the interfacial bonding strength of TSC‐PA 6 structures. The results show that there is a strong correlation between the degree of interface healing and the bonding strength. Subsequently, six machine learning methods were employed to correlate interfacial healing degree with diverse injection molding process parameters. Simulation data were utilized for training, calibration, and validation of the six machine learning models. Based on the results of simulation and machine learning predictions, a quantitative analysis of the significance of injection molding process parameters on healing degree was conducted. These parameters are ranked in descending order of importance as follows: insert temperature, melt temperature, and injection rate.Highlights
The interfacial healing degree model of PA 6 was established and validated through the integration FEM and experiment.
Six machine learning models were built to predict the interfacial healing degree.
Grad boosting performed best in predicting the interfacial healing degree.
Insert temperature had the greatest impact on the interface healing degree.
Preparation and characterization of hydrogels based on glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)‐grafted NR and modified cassava starch as eco‐friendly materials for sustainable agriculture
Authors: Panpinit Sanit , Salairam Sunatcha , Jumpapaeng Punnapat , Seesan Sasikan , Toebto Tidawan , Keawin Tinnagon , Radabutra Siriwat , Suwanakood Pitchayaporn , Thedsakhulwong Amorn , Saengsuwan Sayant 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEco‐friendly hydrogel was developed using natural rubber latex (NR) and cassava starch (CSt) through grafting modifications to enhance their swelling and water retention by selecting suitable grafting components and improving compatibility. To improve its hydrophilicity and compatibility with CSt, NR was grafted with glycidyl methacrylate (NR‐g‐GMA, NRG). Subsequently, CSt was grafted with acrylic acid (AA) and acrylamide (AM), crosslinked with N,N′‐methylene‐bis‐acrylamide (MBA), and ultimately interpenetrated by NRG to produce CSt‐g‐PAA/NRG and CSt‐g‐PAM/NRG hydrogels, respectively. The obtained hydrogels were characterized by various techniques. Results revealed that CSt‐g‐PAM/NRG exhibited exceptional equilibrium water swelling (Seq) at 2413%, surpassing CSt‐g‐PAA/NRG (416%), and CSt/NR (146%). This was attributed to the synergistic effects of the improved NR polarity and compatibility, the looser structures, the higher rate constant of water swelling (20.06%/s), and the greater compatibility between compositions compared to the CSt‐g‐PAA/NRG system. Therefore, AM was the suitable grafting monomer for the CSt/NRG hydrogel system. Also, the CSt‐g‐PAM/NRG hydrogel exhibited remarkable water retention for up to 30 days with excellent biodegradation (55%) and good biosafety. This study demonstrates a promising strategy for improving swelling capacity (~1600%) and water retention (58%) of biodegradable CSt/NR hydrogels as a low‐cost coating membrane for sustainable agriculture.Highlights
Boost of NR hydrophilicity and compatibility via GMA grafting to generate NRG.
Fabrication of CSt‐g‐PAA/NRG and CSt‐g‐PAM/NRG hydrogels by semi‐IPN technique.
CSt‐g‐PAM/NRG swelling showed a significant improvement over CSt‐g‐PAA/NRG.
AM was the suitable grafting monomer for the CSt/NRG hydrogel system.
CSt‐g‐PAM/NRG showed good biodegradability and water retention for agriculture.
Feasibility of the pitch efficiency rating: A novel tool for systematic assessment of pitching mechanics in developing throwing athletes
Authors: Kenyon Charles , Beebe Alex , Easley Kirk , Jayanthi Neeru , Bowers Robert 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundInjuries in younger baseball athletes continue to increase despite work characterizing risk factors. Three‐dimensional (3D) motion capture may identify suboptimal pitching mechanics that predispose an athlete to injury, but 3D‐motion analysis is often inaccessible. Thus, there is a gap between the current biomechanics literature and its practical application in young athletes. The current study aims to assess the reliability of the pitch efficiency rating (PER) as a systematic tool to evaluate throwing mechanics in developing baseball pitchers.ObjectiveTo determine the feasibility of application and reliability of a novel, scientifically informed tool (PER) for the assessment of pitching mechanics.DesignReliability study using Bland–Altman methods for assessing agreement between two raters.SettingAcademic medical center through community outreach.ParticipantsPitching mechanics were assessed and rated with the PER for 40 athletes (26 high school, 14 Division III), average age 19.0 years old (range 15.3–23.7 years old).InterventionsN/A.Main Outcome MeasuresInterrater and intrarater reliability as calculated by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsFor initial readings comparing interrater reliability between Rater 1 and Rater 2, the ICC was calculated at 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.66–0.89) and 0.76 (95% CI 0.60–0.86) for the second set of ratings. Regarding intrarater reliability across reads, ICC was found to be 0.63 (95% CI 0.43–0.79) for Rater 1, and 0.91 for Rater 2 (95% CI 0.85–0.95).ConclusionsThe present study introduces the PER as a potential tool for evaluating pitching mechanics. However, the intrarater reliability of the PER did not meet preestablished criteria in one of the two pilot raters. Further study is needed to continue to assess the reliability of the tool across diverse demographics.
Clinical pharmacokinetics of leriglitazone and a translational approach using PBPK modeling to guide the selection of the starting dose in children
Authors: Traver Estefania , Rodríguez‐Pascau Laura , Meya Uwe , Pina Guillem , Pascual Silvia , Poli Sonia , Eckland David , van de Wetering Jeroen , Ke Alice , Lindauer Andreas , Martinell Marc , Pizcueta Pilar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLeriglitazone is a unique peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma (PPARγ) agonist that crosses the blood–brain barrier in humans and clinical trials have shown evidence of efficacy in neurodegenerative diseases. At clinical doses which are well‐tolerated, leriglitazone reaches the target central nervous system (CNS) concentrations that are needed for PPARγ engagement and efficacy; PPARγ engagement is also supported by clinical and anti‐inflammatory biomarker changes in the Cerebrospinal fluid in the CNS. Plasma pharmacokinetics (PK) of leriglitazone were determined in a phase 1 study in male healthy volunteers comprising a single ascending dose (SAD) and a multiple ascending dose (MAD) at oral doses of 30, 90, and 270 mg and 135 and 270 mg, respectively. Leriglitazone was rapidly absorbed with no food effect on overall exposure and showed a linear PK profile with dose‐exposure correlation. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was developed for leriglitazone based on phase 1 data (SAD part) and incorporated CYP3A4 (fmCYP3A4 = 24%) and CYP2C8‐mediated (fmCYP2C8 = 45%) metabolism, as well as biliary clearance (feBIL = 19.5%) derived from in vitro data, and was verified by comparing the observed versus predicted concentration‐time profiles from the MAD part. The PBPK model was prospectively applied to predict the starting pediatric doses and was preliminarily verified with data from five pediatric patients.
Quantum Parameter Estimation With Graph States In SU(N) Dynamics
Authors: Tao Hong , Huang Rui , Tan Xiaoqing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn quantum metrology, achieving optimal simultaneous multiparameter estimation is of great significance but remains highly challenging. The research approach involving evolution on dynamics provides a framework to investigate simultaneous multiparameter estimation within graph states. For single‐parameter estimation, it is observed that the precision limit exceeds the Heisenberg limit in higher‐dimensional spin systems. For multiparameter estimation, two scenarios are considered: one with commutative Hamiltonian operators and another with non‐commutative Hamiltonian operators. The results demonstrate that the global estimation precision exceeds the local estimation precision. Under the conditions of parameter limit, the precision of parameter estimation for simultaneously estimating each parameter is equal to that of single‐parameter estimation. Furthermore, a precision‐enhancement scheme has been identified that depends on the dynamics of . The smaller the value of in the dynamic evolution, the higher the precision of the parameter estimation. Finally, it is demonstrated that graph states serve as optimal states in quantum metrology. A set of optimal measurement bases is also identified, and it is illustrated that the precision limit of multiparameter estimation can attain the quantum Cramér‐Rao bound.
Design, integration, and field evaluation of a robotic blossom thinning system for tree fruit crops
Authors: Bhattarai Uddhav , Zhang Qin , Karkee Manoj 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe United States (US) apple industry relies heavily on semi‐skilled manual labor force for essential field operations such as training, pruning, blossom and green fruitlet thinning, and harvesting. Blossom thinning is one of the crucial crop‐load management practices to achieve desired crop load, fruit quality, and return bloom. While several techniques such as chemical and mechanical thinning are available for large‐scale blossom thinning, such approaches often yield unpredictable thinning results and may damage the canopy, spurs, and leaf tissue. Hence, growers still depend on laborious, labor‐intensive, and expensive manual hand blossom thinning for desired thinning outcomes. This research presents a robotic solution for precision blossom thinning in apple orchards using a deep learning‐based computer vision system, a six‐degrees‐of‐freedom UR5e robotic manipulator, and an electrically actuated miniature end‐effector. The integrated robotic system was evaluated in a commercial apple orchard which showed promising results for targeted and selective blossom thinning. Two thinning approaches, center and boundary thinning, were investigated to evaluate the system's ability to remove varying proportions of flowers from apple flower clusters. During boundary thinning, the end‐effector was actuated around the cluster boundary, while center thinning involved end‐effector actuation only at the cluster centroid for a fixed duration of 2 s. Field evaluation results showed that the boundary thinning approach thinned 67.2% of flowers from the targeted clusters with a cycle time of 9.0 s per cluster, whereas the center thinning approach thinned 59.4% of flowers with a cycle time of 7.2 s per cluster. Upon further improvement for commercial adoption, the proposed system could help address problems faced by apple growers with current hand, chemical, and mechanical blossom thinning approaches.
Achieving Low‐Dose Rate X‐Ray Imaging Based on 2D/3D‐Mixed Perovskite Films
Authors: Zhao Jingda , Wang Xin , Cheng Qi , Xu Yubing , Pan Yuzhu , Li Yuwei , Zhao Zhiwei , Zhu Zhuoya , Chen Jing , Wu Jun , Li Qing , Zhou Jianming , Bae Byung Seong , Sarusi Gabby , Zhu Ying , Xu Xiaobao , Lei Wei , Zhang Xiaobing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractX‐ray detection and imaging are widely used in medical diagnosis, product inspection, security monitoring, etc. Large‐scale polycrystalline perovskite thick films possess high potential for direct X‐ray imaging. However, the notorious problems of baseline drift and high detection limit caused by ions migration are still remained. Here, ion migration is reduced by incorporating 2D perovskite into 3D perovskite, thereby increasing the ion activation energy. This approach hinders ion migration within the perovskite film, consequently suppressing baseline drift and reducing the lowest detection limit(LOD) of the device. As a result, the baseline drifting declines by 20 times and the LOD reduces to 21.1 nGy s−1, while the device maintains a satisfactory sensitivity of 5.6 × 103 µC Gy−1 cm−2. This work provides a new strategy to achieve low ion migration in large‐scale X‐ray detectors and may provide new thoughts for the application of mixed‐dimension perovskite.
Organic Cocrystal Alloys: From Three Primary Colors to Continuously Tunable Emission and Applications on Optical Waveguides and Displays
Authors: Zhang Jia‐Xuan , Zhao Shuai , Jiang Jia‐Hao , Lv Zhao‐Ji , Luo Jiahua , Shi Yingli , Lu Zhenhuan , Wang Xue‐Dong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMulticolor luminescence of organic fluorescent materials is an essential part of lighting and optical communication. However, the conventional construction of a multicolor luminescence system based on integrating multiple organic fluorescent materials of a single emission band remains complicated and to be improved. Herein, organic alloys (OAs) capable of full‐color emission are synthesized based on charge transfer (CT) cocrystals. By adjusting the molar ratio of electron donors, the emission color of the OAs can be conveniently and continuously regulated in a wide visible range from blue (CIE: 0.187, 0.277), to green (CIE: 0.301, 0.550), and to red (CIE: 0.561, 0.435). The OAs show analogous 1D morphology with smooth surface, allowing for full‐color waveguides with low optical‐loss coefficient. Impressively, full‐color optical displays are easily achieved through the OAs system with continuous emission, which shows promising applications in the field of optical display and promotes the development of organic photonics.
Covalent Organic Framework Membranes from Oppositely Charged Nanosheets toward Efficient Desalination
Authors: Zhu Ziting , Wang Hongjian , Ling Cheng , Zhang Yue , Zhao Jiashuai , Wang Yuhan , Zhao Junyi , Pan Fusheng , Wang Chunlei , Jiang Zhongyi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFabricating covalent organic framework (COF) membranes through the pre‐assembly of nanosheets with different properties may open a novel avenue to the fabrication of advanced 2D membranes. Herein, COF membranes are fabricated using oppositely‐charged COF nanosheets (CONs). Negatively‐charged CONs and positively‐charged CONs are pre‐assembled through simple physical mixing, yielding the CONs with an aspect ratio of exceeding 10 000, which are assembled into three kinds of COF membranes. The optimal membranes exhibit the highest desalination performance with permeation flux of 132.66 kg m−2 h−1, salt rejection of 99.99%, and superior long‐term operation stability.
Steep slope threshold switching field‐effect transistors based on 2D heterostructure
Authors: Mao Jingyu , Jin Tengyu , Hou Xiangyu , Teo Siew Lang , Lin Ming , Chen Jingsheng , Chen Wei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn dealing with the increasing power dissipation of electronic systems with increasing integration density, a field‐effect transistor (FET) with steep switching slope that overcomes the thermionic limit is vital to achieve low‐power operations. Here, we report two types of threshold switching (TS) FETs based on 2D Van der Waals heterostructures by virtue of the abrupt resistive switching of the hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) TS device. The common hBN dielectric layer functions as the switching medium for the TS device and the gate dielectric for the 2D FET enabling seamless integration of the hBN TS device and baseline 2D FET. TS FET in source configuration by connecting the TS device to the source terminal of the 2D FET offers an ultralow average subthreshold swing (SS) of 1.6 mV/dec over six decades of drain current at room temperature and suppressed leakage current. TS FET in gate configuration by connecting the TS device to the gate terminal of the 2D FET also exhibits steep switching slope with ultralow SS of 10.6 mV/dec. The proposed compact device structures integrating 2D FET and TS device provide a potential approach of monolithic integration toward next‐generation low‐power electronics.
Synthesis, structural characterization and bioactivities of iron(III) and copper(II) complexes containing Schiff base thiourea ligands of 5‐(tert‐butyl)‐2‐hydroxybenzaldehyde
Authors: Trung Nguyen Quang , Nam Pham Thi Phuong , Van Tuyen Nguyen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAzomethine and thiourea groups possess potential bioactive functions in pharmacological substances so organic ligands containing both imine and thiourea groups and their metal complexes will be expected to have remarkable bioactivities. In this study, some iron(III) and copper(II) complexes containing Schiff base thiourea ligands derived from 1‐(2‐aminoethyl)‐3‐phenylthiourea or 1‐(2‐aminophenyl)‐3‐phenylthiourea and 5‐(tert‐butyl)‐2‐hydroxybenzaldehyde were synthesized and characterized by modern physicochemical analysis approaches such as mass, infrared, UV–vis spectra and effective magnetic moments. The analytical data have supported for the structures of iron(III) complexes in the molecular ratio of 1:2 of iron(III) and the relative ligand while copper(II) complexes in the ratio of 1:1. The synthetic ligands coordinated with iron(III) as NO bidentate mode, however they chelated with copper(II) as NNOS tetradentate possibly. The obtained iron(III) complexes possess high‐spin octahedral geometry when copper(II) complexes perform distorted square planar. The obtained metal complexes were investigated in their thermal stability and chemical components by the thermogravimetric analysis. The synthetic Schiff base thiourea ligands were examined for their antimicrobial activity. Additionally, the synthesized complexes were estimated for their in vitro anticancer property against human cancer cell lines, hepatic cancer cells (HepG‐2), and lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549).