bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alkyl‐Functionalized Oxide‐Free Silicon Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Optical Properties
Authors: Rosso‐Vasic Milena , Spruijt Evan , van Lagen Barend , De Cola Luisa , Zuilhof Han 
Published: August 2008

AbstractHighly monodisperse silicon nanoparticles (1.57 ± 0.21 nm) are synthesized with a covalently attached alkyl monolayer on a gram scale. Infrared spectroscopy shows that these silicon nanoparticles contain only a few oxygen atoms per nanoparticle. XPS spectra clearly show the presence of unoxidized Si and attached alkyl chains. Owing to the relatively efficient synthesis (yields ≈100‐fold higher than of those previously reported) the molar extinction coefficient ε can be measured: εmax = 1.7 × 10−4 M−1cm−1, only a factor of 4 lower than that of CdS and CdSe nanoparticles of that size. The quantum yield of emission ranges from 0.12 (C10H21‐capping) to 0.23 (C16H33‐capping). UV/Vis absorption and emission spectroscopy show clear vibrational progressions (974 ± 14 cm−1; up to five vibrational bands visible at room temperature), resembling bulk SiC phonons, which support the monodispersity observed by TEM. This was also confirmed by time‐resolved fluorescence anisotropy measurements, which display a strictly monoexponential decay that can only be indicative of monodisperse, ball‐shaped nanoparticles.
Self‐organized patterns in the workplace: Obstacles to awareness
Authors: Henning Pamela Buckle 
Published: August 2008

AbstractSelf‐organized patterns of behaviour in the workplace can help or hinder corporate performance. To effectively handle such patterns, a manager must learn to detect them. However, detecting self‐organized patterns is difficult. Drawing from a grounded theory study, this paper examines obstacles to consciousness of self‐organized workplace patterns, which result in such patterns being misinterpreted or overlooked. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modest systems psychology: A neutral complement to positive psychological thinking
Authors: Hogan Michael J. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe positive psychology movement has recently reconfigured the thinking of psychologists by bringing to the forefront of enquiry a scientific focus on positive emotions, character strengths, and human virtue, the ultimate aim of which is to further our understanding of human nature and optimize our potential for a good life. This paper proposes a modest systems psychology as a neutral complement to positive psychological thinking in an effort to facilitate a systems view on action optimization. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ruthenium‐catalyzed carbonylative cycloaddition reactions involving carbonyl and imino groups as assembling units
Authors: Chatani Naoto 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis paper describes carbonylative cycloaddition reactions catalyzed by Ru3(CO)12. Ru3(CO)12 was found to catalyze an intramolecular Pauson–Khand‐type reaction. Carbonylative cycloaddition reactions involving a carbonyl group in aldehydes, ketones, and esters as a two‐atom assembling unit were also achieved in the presence of Ru3(CO)12 as the catalyst. The reaction of 5‐hexyn‐1‐al and 6‐heptyn‐1‐al derivatives with CO in the presence of Ru3(CO)12 resulted in cyclocarbonylation from which bicyclic α, β‐unsaturated lactones were obtained. Intermolecular [2 + 2 + 1] carbonylative cycloaddition of alkenes, ketones, and CO was also catalyzed by Ru3(CO)12 as the catalyst to give saturated γ‐lactone derivatives. Simple ketones were not applicable, but ketones having a CO or CN group at the α‐position served as a good substrate. These reactions could be extended to carbonylative cycloaddition of the corresponding imines leading to γ‐butyrolactam derivatives. The [4 + 1] carbonylative addition of α,β‐unsaturated imines leading to unsaturated γ‐lactams was achieved with Ru3(CO)12. © 2008 The Japan Chemical Journal Forum and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Chem Rec 8: 201–212; 2008: Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI 10.1002/tcr.20149
Lithium nitrides as sustainable energy materials
Authors: Gregory Duncan H. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractLithium nitride is an exceptional yet simple compound with remarkable properties that can be tuned with judicious chemical modifications. A unique structure coupled with high ionic mobility present both a fundamental model and an advanced material for energy applications, involving either storage of charge (lithium) or storage of hydrogen. In the former case, and as an electrode material, the system can be modified to increase defects and the number of charge carriers, both ionic and electronic. In so doing, one can create anodes of high reversible capacity. In the latter context, tailoring structure, microstructure, and composition has profound effects on both the amount of hydrogen one can store in the solid state and the rate at which this process (uptake and release) can be achieved. © 2008 The Japan Chemical Journal Forum and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Chem Rec 8: 229–239; 2008: Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI 10.1002/tcr.20151
Oxidation using activated carbon and molecular oxygen system
Authors: Hayashi Masahiko 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis paper describes the utility of an activated carbon–molecular oxygen system, not only in the oxidation of benzylic and allylic alcohols, but also in the direct carbonylation at the benzylic position. The preparation of a variety of heteroaromatic and aromatic compounds, including substituted pyridines, pyrazoles, benzoxazoles, benzimidazoles, benzothiazoles, 2‐substituted imidazoles, indoles, pyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones, and anthracenes, by oxidative aromatization using the activated carbon–molecular oxygen system is also discussed. © 2008 The Japan Chemical Journal Forum and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Chem Rec 8: 252–267; 2008: Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI 10.1002/tcr.20152
Advanced and intelligent technologies for reliable operation of power systems and electricity markets
Authors: Yokoyama Ryuichi , Oyama Tsutomu , Yorino Naoto , Ishikawa Tadao , Mori Hiroyuki , Hiyama Takashi 
Published: August 2008

AbstractDeregulation of power industries is still progressing in many countries, aiming at reduction of the electricity price, diversity of customer diverse choices, services and promotion of new business and keeping supply reliability. Many countries are testing this notion in anticipation of lower power prices through open competition.In such a competitive situation, it is necessary for suppliers to take on the responsibility of keeping supply reliability at the load end in order to prevent outages, for instance, independent power producers (IPP) placing distributed generations (DGs) close to the load or conventional utilities utilizing advanced and intelligent system operation/control technologies that are costly. Usually, customers pay one price for power that is good enough for ordinary use, therefore not necessarily highly consistent in quality of voltage, current, frequency or reliability. However, if customers desire better quality power, additional fees are added according to the particular characteristics desired, thus customers are supplied with this type of better power that they choose.Under such a worldwide new trend in power systems and markets, this article is edited for the purpose of introducing the most advanced technologies and the newest issues related to reliable and stable operations of power markets and systems in the competitive environment. © 2008 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Application of decentralized control for remote power system stabilization by installing renewable energy power plant
Authors: Senjyu Tomonobu , Omine Eitaro , Hayashi Daisuke , Sekine Hideomi , Funabashi Toshihisa 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe generating power of wind turbines varies in proportion to the cube of wind speed, hence, they cannot supply constant power and this causes fluctuations in frequency and voltage. This article presents a methodology for controlling grid frequency, hydrogen volume, and terminal bus voltage. This system consists of diesel generators, wind turbines, and load. Aqua electrolyzer and fuel cells are introduced in order to control grid frequency, voltage, and hydrogen volume. By applying H∞ control, frequency, voltage fluctuation, and hydrogen volume, controls are achieved. H∞ decentralized controllers are designed and installed for diesel generators, aqua electrolyzers, and fuel cells in series. In order to verify the effectiveness of the suggested system, MATLAB/SIMULINK is used for simulation. © 2008 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Determination of the optimal control parameters of voltage regulators installed in a radial distribution network
Authors: Hayashi Yasuhiro , Hanai Yuji , Matsuki Junya , Fuwa Yoshiaki , Mori Kenjiro 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis paper presents a new computation method to determine simultaneously the optimal parameters of several voltage regulators such as the load‐ratio control transformer (LRT) and step voltage regulator (SVR) installed in a radial distribution network. The proposed method determines a combination of their control parameters by minimizing the weighted sum of deviations of line voltage from the upper and lower voltage limits and the amounts of voltage violations by referring to the stored data measured by IT switches, which are sectionalizing switches with sensors installed in the distribution feeder. The optimization algorithm is based on particle swarm optimization (PSO), which is one of the nonlinear optimization methods, by using the concept of swarm intelligence. In order to confirm the validity of the proposed method, numerical simulations are carried out on a distribution network model. © 2008 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Multicriteria transmission congestion management by load curtailment and generation redispatch in a deregulated power system
Authors: Mohd Isa Aishah , Niimura Takahide , Yokoyama Ryuichi 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis paper proposes a multiple‐criteria approach to transmission congestion management in a deregulated power system. Congestion in a transmission system can result in very high locational prices of electricity determined by marginal costs from optimal power flow solutions under the pool model. In heavily congested conditions, physical transmission congestion can be relieved by curtailing a small portion of the non‐firm transactions. The resultant marginal‐cost‐based electricity prices should drastically decrease. Multicriteria performance indices are introduced so that both load and supplier can express their levels of acceptance with the congestion management process, and the system operator can select the most effective and desirable congestion relief measures. The proposed approach is tested on a modified IEEE 30 bus system. © 2008 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Experimental multi‐objective evaluation of radial and loop distribution network configuration using distribution network equipment
Authors: Sakai Shigekazu , Hayashi Yasuhiro , Kawasaki Shoji , Matsuki Junya , Fuwa Yoshiaki , Mori Kenjiro 
Published: August 2008

AbstractIn this paper, we propose an experimental multiobjective evaluation method based on the use of distribution network equipment to evaluate distribution network configuration candidates with distributed generators (DGs), such as photovoltaic generation systems and wind power generation systems, by hourly changing states of sectionalizing switches satisfying constraints of voltage and line current limit. In the proposed experimental multiobjective evaluation method, the optimal network configuration is determined by using multiobjective evaluation based on total distribution loss rate, maximum voltage total harmonic distortion, and maximum voltage imbalance rate in order to reduce distribution loss and to keep power quality. The proposed method is applied to radial and loop distribution network configurations by using an experiment of scaled‐down three‐phase distribution network with 1 bank distribution transformer, 5 distribution lines, 5 sectionalizing switches, 12 single‐phase loads, and 5 DGs. © 2008 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Dynamics of soil respiration in sparse Ulmus pumila woodland under semi‐arid climate
Authors: Jin Hong‐Mei , Sun Osbert Jianxin , Luo Zhong‐Kui , Liu Jin 
Published: August 2008

AbstractSparse Ulmus pumila woodlands play an important role in contributing to ecosystem function in semi‐arid grassland of northern China. To understand the key attributes of soil carbon cycling in U. pumila woodland, we studied dynamics of soil respiration in the canopy field (i.e., the projected crown cover area) and the open field at locations differing in distance (i.e., at 1–1.5, 3–4, 10, and >15 m) to tree stems from July through September of 2005, and measured soil biotic factors (e.g., fine root mass, soil microbial biomass, and activity) and abiotic factors [e.g., soil water content (SWC) and organic carbon] in mid‐August. Soil respiration was further separated into root component and microbial component at the end of the field measurement in September. Results showed that soil respiration had a significant exponent relationship with soil temperature at 10‐cm depth. The temperature sensitivity index of soil respiration, Q10, was lower than the global average of 2.0, and declined significantly (P < 0.05) with distance. The rate of soil respiration was generally greater in the canopy field than in the open field; monthly mean of soil respiration was 305.5–730.8 mg CO2 m−2 h−1 in the canopy field and 299.6–443.1 mg CO2 m−2 h−1 in the open field from July through September; basal soil respiration at 10°C declined with distance, and varied from ~250 mg CO2 m−2 h−1 near tree stems to <200 mg CO2 m−2 h−1 in the open field. Variations in soil respiration with distance were consistent with patterns of SWC, fine root mass, microbial biomass and activities. Regression analysis indicated that soil respiration was tightly coupled with microbial respiration and only weakly related to root respiration. Overall, variations in SWC, soil nutrients, microbial biomass, and microbial activity are largely responsible for the spatial heterogeneity of soil respiration in this semi‐arid U. pumila woodland.
COMPLETE CONVERGENCE FOR WEIGHTED SUMS OF SEQUENCES OF AANA RANDOM VARIABLES
Authors: CAI GUANG-HUI , GUO BAO-CAI 
Published: August 2008

AbstractLet Xn, n ≥ 1 be an asymptotically almost negatively associated (AANA) sequence of random variables. Some complete convergence and Marcinkiewicz–Zygmund type strong laws of large numbers for an AANA sequence of random variables are obtained. The results obtained generalize the results of Kim, Ko and Lee (Kim, T. S., Ko, M. H. and Lee, I. H. 2004. On the strong laws for asymptotically almost negatively associated random variables. Rocky Mountain J. of Math. 34, 979–989.).
GENUS 2 SEMI-REGULAR COVERINGS WITH LIFTING SYMMETRIES
Authors: FUERTES YOLANDA , MEDNYKH ALEXANDER 
Published: August 2008

AbstractIn this paper, we obtain algebraic equations for all genus 2 compact Riemann surfaces that admit a semi-regular (or uniform) covering of the Riemann sphere with more than two lifting symmetries. By a lifting symmetry, we mean an automorphism of the target surface which can be lifted to the covering. We restrict ourselves to the genus 2 surfaces in order to make computations easier and to make possible to find their algebraic equations as well. At the same time, the main ingredient (Main Proposition) depends neither on the genus, nor on the order of the group of lifting symmetries. Because of this, the paper can be thought as a generalisation for the non-normal case to the question of lifting automorphisms of a compact Riemann surface to a normal covering, treated, for instance, by E. Bujalance and M. Conder in a joint paper, or by P. Turbek solely.
ON THE SOLVABILITY OF BILINEAR EQUATIONS IN FINITE FIELDS
Authors: SHPARLINSKI IGOR E. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe consider the equation

over a finite field q of q elements, with variables from arbitrary sets
$\cA,\cB, \cC, \cD \subseteq \F_q$. The question of solvability of such and more general equations has recently been considered by Hart and Iosevich, who, in particular, prove that if

for some absolute constant C > 0, then above equation has a solution for any λ ∈ q*. Here we show that using bounds of multiplicative character sums allows us to extend the class of sets which satisfy this property.
BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS VIA AN INTERMEDIATE VALUE THEOREM
Authors: HERZOG GERD , LEMMERT ROLAND 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe use an intermediate value theorem for quasi-monotone increasing functions to prove the existence of the smallest and the greatest solution of the Dirichlet problemu″ +f(t,u) = 0,u(0) = α,u(1) = β between lower and upper solutions, wheref:[0,1] ×E→Eis quasi-monotone increasing in its second variable with respect to a regular cone.
RATIONAL POINTS ON CERTAIN DEL PEZZO SURFACES OF DEGREE ONE
Authors: ULAS MACIEJ 
Published: August 2008

AbstractLet$f(z)=z^5+az^3+bz^2+cz+d \in \Z[z]$and let us consider a del Pezzo surface of degree one given by the equation$\cal{E}_{f}\,{:}\,x^2-y^3-f(z)=0$. In this paper we prove that if the set of rational points on the curveEa,b:Y2=X3+ 135(2a−15)X−1350(5a+ 2b− 26) is infinite then the set of rational points on the surface ϵfis dense in the Zariski topology.
EXISTENCE AND MULTIPLICITY OF SOLUTIONS FOR A NEUMANN PROBLEM INVOLVING VARIABLE EXPONENT GROWTH CONDITIONS
Authors: BOUREANU MARIA-MAGDALENA , MIHĂILESCU MIHAI 
Published: August 2008

AbstractIn this paper we study a non-linear elliptic equation involvingp(x)-growth conditions and satisfying a Neumann boundary condition on a bounded domain. For that equation we establish the existence of two solutions using as a main tool an abstract linking argument due to Brézis and Nirenberg.
BOUNDS ON THE DIMENSION OF MANIFOLDS WITH INVOLUTION FIXING Fn ∪ F2
Authors: PERGHER PEDRO L. Q. , FIGUEIRA FÁBIO G. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractLet Mm be a closed smooth manifold with an involution having fixed point set of the form Fn ∪ F2, where Fn and F2 are submanifolds with dimensions n and 2, respectively, where n ≥ 4 is even (n < m). Suppose that the normal bundle of F2 in Mm, μ → F2, does not bound, and denote by β the stable cobordism class of μ → F2. In this paper, we determine the upper bound for m in terms of the pair (n, β) for many such pairs. The similar question for n odd (n ≥ 3) was completely solved in a previous paper of the authors. The existence of these upper bounds is guaranteed by the famous 5/2-theorem of Boardman, which establishes that, under the above hypotheses, m ≤ 5/2n.
Salieri's Così fan tutte
Authors: Brown Bruce Alan , Rice John A. 
Published: August 2008

The several contradictory, and even apologetic, explanations that were put forward concerning the origins of Mozart's Così fan tutte, ossia La scola degli amanti in the years following its première in 1790 reflect both the dearth of hard information concerning the commission to Mozart, and the unease with which the post-Josephinian era greeted this most unsettling of comic operas. One of the composer's first biographers, Franz Xaver Nêmetschek, wrote:In the year 1789 in the month of December Mozart wrote the Italian comic opera Cosi fan tutte, or ‘The School for Lovers’; people are universally amazed that this great genius could condescend to waste his heavenly sweet melodies on such a miserable and clumsy text. It was not in his power to refuse the commission, and the text was given expressly to him.
Return of the native: Japan inMadama Butterfly/Madama Butterflyin Japan
Authors: Groos Arthur 
Published: August 2008

By all accounts the premiere of Puccini'sMadama Butterflyat the Metropolitan Opera on 11 February 1907 was a triumphant success, with the presence of the composer adding special lustre to the brilliant performance of a distinguished cast. Amidst the general acclamation, however, a foreign visitor named Jihei Hashiguchi raised a dissenting voice in a letter to a local newspaper:I can say nothing for the music ofMadama butterfly. Western music is too complicated for a Japanese. Even Caruso' celebrated singing does not appeal very much more than the barking of a dog in faraway woods.
Opera talk: A philosophical ‘phantasie’
Authors: Kivy Peter 
Published: August 2008

The train of thought that I wish to pursue here was initiated by Edward T. Cone's recent essay ‘The World of Opera and its Inhabitants’. To the extent that my views diverge from his I suppose I may be taken for a critical adversary. But I prefer to think of the present effort as more a continuation and development of Professor Cone's ideas than an attempt to refute or criticise them. It is in the spirit of ongoing research rather than the more common one, in my profession, of philosophical confrontation that I offer remarks on the general questions, as posed by Cone: ‘How does the world of opera differ from other dramatic worlds? Who are the people that inhabit it, and what sorts of lives do they lead there?’ More particularly, my question is: What is the nature of operatic utterance? How are operatic characters ‘saying’?In the first section of my paper I will present Professor Cone's answers to these questions. In the second I will go on what will appear, no doubt, to be a completely tangential excursion into R. G. Collingwood's philosophy of art. But in the final two sections I will try to weave these two seemingly disparate strands together into an answer of my own to the questions that Professor Cone has so insightfully raised. Perhaps ‘an answer of my own’ is too strong a phrase to use, implying something more like disagreement than is actually the case. So a better way of describing my whole enterprise, and the final sections especially, is ‘variations on a theme by Cone’.
Constructing the Oriental ‘Other’: Saint-Saëns'sSamson et Dalila
Authors: Locke Ralph P. 
Published: August 2008

Opera is rich in works that construct visions of the non-Western world and its inhabitants: Rameau'sLes Indes galantes, Mozart'sDie Entführung aus dem Serail, Bizet'sLes Pêcheurs de perles, Verdi'sAida, Strauss'sSalome, Puccini'sTurandot. In these operas the representation of what recent critical theory calls ‘the Other’ is most clearly announced in the basic plot, in characters' names, and in costumes, sets and props. But to what extent do the libretto and the music also participate in this project?The question easily lends itself to a narrower formulation: to what extent do these operas signal Otherness – Turkishness, Indianness, Chineseness and so on – through musical materials that depart from Western stylistic norms or even reflect specific musical practices of the region in question? Scholars and critics have repeatedly posed the problem in these terms, only to find themselves frustrated by three limitations: general stylistic aberrations are often applied indiscriminately by composers to vastly different geographical settings; borrowed tunes and the like tend to lose distinctive features by being uprooted and transplanted; and whole stretches of these operas are written in an entirely Western idiom.
Wagner and the post-modern
Authors: Deathridge John 
Published: August 2008

On 16 September 1989 a national British newspaper, The Independent, carried a full page advertisement placed by Technics for their latest ‘Hi-Fi Midi System for Music Lovers’, the CDX3. At the top of the page, Wagner's furrowed brow and glaring eyes, slightly askance, stared out as if insisting on, though not quite peremptorily demanding, a close reading of the text beneath. The text began as follows (comments in square brackets are mine):To hear what he [Wagner] intended a hi-fi system has to be perfectly composed.