bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defining a new standard for IVUS optimized drug eluting stent implantation: The PRAVIO study
Authors: Gerber R.T. , Latib A. , Ielasi A. , Cosgrave J. , Qasim A. , Airoldi F. , Chieffo A. , Montorfano M. , Carlino M. , Michev I. , Tobis J. , Colombo A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectives:Preliminary Investigation to the Angiographic Versus IVUS Optimization Trial is a single center prospective observational intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guided stent implantation study assessing new criteria for optimal drug eluting stent (DES) deployment.Background:IVUS assessment of DES often reveals underexpansion and malapposition. Optimal stent deployment is currently poorly defined and previous criteria may not be suitable in long and complex lesions.Methods:Optimization was defined as achieving ≥70% of the cross‐sectional area (CSA) of the postdilation balloon. This criterion was applied in 113 complex lesions. The size of this balloon was calculated according to vessel media‐to‐media diameters at various sites inside the stented segment. The IVUS guided treated lesions were matched according to diabetes, vessel type, reference vessel diameter, minimum lumen diameter (MLD), and lesion length with a group of angiographic treated lesions to compare final MLD achieved.Results:Mean minimum stent CSA according to the postdilation balloon utilized was 4.62 mm2, 6.26 mm2, 7.87 mm2, and 9.87 mm2 for 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.5 mm, and 4 mm balloons, respectively. Final MLD (mm) was significantly larger in the IVUS compared to the angiographic‐guided group (3.09 ± 0.50 vs. 2.67 ± 0.54; P < 0.0001). There were no procedural complications related to IVUS use.Conclusions:We propose new IVUS criteria based on vessel remodeling that results in an increment in the final MLD, compared to angiographic guidance, which is much larger than any previously published study. This criterion seems to be safely achievable. A proposed randomized study (angiographic vs. IVUS optimization trial) has been launched to test these concepts. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inducible site‐specific recombination in neural stem/progenitor cells
Authors: Chen Jian , Kwon Chang‐Hyuk , Lin Lu , Li Yanjiao , Parada Luis F. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractTo establish a genetic tool for manipulating the neural stem/progenitor cell (NSC) lineage in a temporally controlled manner, we generated a transgenic mouse line carrying an NSC‐specific nestin promoter/enhancer expressing a fusion protein encoding Cre recombinase coupled to modified estrogen receptor ligand‐binding domain (ERT2). In the background of the Cre reporter mouse strain Rosa26lacZ, we show that the fusion CreERT2 recombinase is normally silent but can be activated by the estrogen analog tamoxifen both in utero, in infancy, and in adulthood. As assayed by β‐galactosidase activity in embryonic stages, tamoxifen activates Cre recombinase exclusively in neurogenic cells and their progeny. This property persists in adult mice, but Cre activity can also be detected in granule neurons and Bergmann glia at the anterior of the cerebellum, in piriform cortex, optic nerve, and some peripheral ganglia. No obvious Cre activity was observed outside of the nervous system. Thus, the nestin regulated inducible Cre mouse line provides a powerful tool for studying the physiology and lineage of NSCs. genesis 47:122–131, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impression‐formation advantage in memory for faces: When eyewitnesses are interested in targets' likeability, rather than their identity
Authors: Fiedler Klaus , Kaczor Katharina , Haarmann Soraya , Stegmüller Martin , Maloney Julia 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe advantage in person memory of impression formation over memory task instructions is shown to extend to the eyewitness identification paradigm. Instructions to form an impression of target persons led to more accurate identifications in subsequent photo line‐ups than explicit instructions to memorize the targets (Experiment 1). Prior knowledge that a crime was going on did not affect performance. Two confounded components of the successful instruction condition were decomposed in Experiment 2, showing that the enhanced performance is due to the impression task proper, rather than the absence of explicit memory instructions. Analyses of hits and false alarms revealed that the positive influence of impression formation on discrimination performance was due to a genuine enhancement in discrimination ability rather than merely a shift toward a stricter response criterion. Experiment 3 provided some evidence to suggest that eyewitness performance can even be influenced by recontextualization efforts and impression judgments at the time of retrieval. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A cross‐cultural investigation into a reconceptualization of ethnocentrism
Authors: Bizumic Boris , Duckitt John , Popadic Dragan , Dru Vincent , Krauss Stephen 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis investigation tests a reconceptualization of ethnocentrism based primarily on Sumner's definitions. Ethnocentrism is reconceptualized as ethnic group self‐centeredness, with four intergroup expressions of ingroup preference, superiority, purity, and exploitativeness, and two intragroup expressions of group cohesion and devotion. The reconceptualization was supported in Study 1 among 350 New Zealand participants and in Study 2 among 212 US, 208 Serbian, and 279 French participants. Ethnocentrism in each country consisted of two correlated second‐order factors representing intergroup and intragroup ethnocentrism and six first‐order factors representing the six primary expressions. Analyses in Study 2 supported the measurement invariance of the scale and a third‐order factor model, with one ethnocentrism factor at the broadest level of generalization. Ethnocentrism was empirically distinct from outgroup negativity and mere ingroup positivity. Intragroup ethnocentrism appeared primarily based on ethnic insecurity, personal self‐transcendence, and ethnic identification, whereas intergroup ethnocentrism appeared primarily based on self‐aggrandizement, warlikeness, and generally chauvinistic attitudes. Accordingly, although related, the two kinds of ethnocentrism tend to have quite differential implications for group attitudes and behaviors. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.This article was published online on 31 December 2008. Errors were subsequently identified. This notice is included in the online and print versions to indicate that both have been corrected [date to be added later].
Discussion of ‘A new approach of selecting real input ground motions for seismic design: The most unfavourable real seismic design ground motions’ by C‐H Zhai and L‐L Xie
Authors: Moustafa Abbas 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis discussion consists of two parts. The first part raises a few comments and questions on the method presented in the above paper. The second part proposes a measure for identifying resonant accelerograms in a set of earthquake records without the need for pre‐processing of the records or inclusion of the structure dynamic analysis. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Roe scheme with preconditioning method for large eddy simulation of compressible turbulent channel flow
Authors: Fu Wu‐Shung , Li Chung‐Gang , Lin Wei‐Fong , Chen Yu‐Hsu 
Published: January 2009

AbstractNumerical investigations of fully compressible turbulent channel flows are conducted. Two different speeds of Mach numbers of 0.005 and 0.5 are separately taken into consideration to study mechanisms of compressible turbulent flows and increments of temperatures of working fluids. For computing the compressible low‐speed turbulent flow efficiently, methods of Roe and preconditioning matching LES methods are adopted. In addition, usage of dual time stepping and curved linear coordinates transformation skills to stabilize transient situations and increase computing grids near the channel walls are performed. As for an assignation of initial conditions, random velocity fluctuations are imposed on the mean velocity distribution. The results show that the mean velocity distributions, root‐mean‐square values of fluctuating velocities and mean Reynolds stresses have good agreements with the existing results. The increments of temperatures of working fluids are remarkable for a Mach number of 0.5 and are also well consistent with the existing results. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fluid flow and heat transfer of natural convection around array of vertical heated plates
Authors: Kitamura Kenzo , Mitsuishi Akihiko , Misumi Toshiyuki 
Published: January 2009

AbstractNatural convective flows around an array of vertical heated plates were investigated experimentally. Main concerns were directed to the influences of plate numbers on the heat transfer characteristics of the plates. Both surfaces of the test plates were heated with constant and equal heat fluxes and their local heat transfer coefficients were measured. The results showed that the coefficients of the surfaces of the array facing outward became higher than those facing inward. The flow fields around the bottom of the plate array were visualized with smoke. The result showed that the ambient flow is directed from the sides to the center of the array and enters the parallel channel obliquely. These flows cause the above difference in the coefficients. While the difference gradually diminished in between the plates placed in the central section of the array, their coefficients asymptotically approach those of the analytical correlation that assumed a uniform velocity at the channel inlet. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20232
An approach of droplet ignition delay time
Authors: Chen Jun , Peng Xiaofeng 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWhen a droplet is suddenly injected into a high‐temperature environment, the droplet self‐ignition phenomenon occurs. A simple model, based on the temperature history of target gas mixture of which the equivalent ratio is equal to 1, was proposed to predict the droplet ignition delay time in this paper. This approach clearly divides the droplet self‐ignition delay into two parts, the physical delay and the chemical delay. The predicted droplet ignition times agree well with the experimental data and numerical simulation results. In addition, the influence of droplet diameter on the droplet ignition delay was discussed in detail using this approach. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20240
Different roles of N‐ and C‐ termini in the functional activity of FGF21
Authors: Micanovic Radmila , Raches David W. , Dunbar James D. , Driver David A. , Bina Holly A. , Dickinson Craig D. , Kharitonenkov Alexei 
Published: January 2009

AbstractFibroblast growth factor 21 is a member of endocrine FGFs subfamily, along with FGF19 and FGF23. It is emerging as a novel regulator with beneficial effects on a variety of metabolic parameters, including glucose and lipid control. FGF21 activity depends on membrane protein βKlotho that physically complexes with various FGF receptors, thus conferring them the ability to bind FGF21 and activate downstream signaling pathways. FGF21, like other FGFs, folds to a β‐trefoil‐like core region, with disordered N‐ and C‐termini. In order to investigate their role in the activity of FGF21, we have constructed a series of deletion mutants and tested them for their ability to (1) bind βKlotho, analyzed by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (2) signal through MAPK phosphorylation and inhibit apoptosis in 3T3‐L1/βKlotho fibroblasts (3) stimulate GLUT1 mRNA upregulation and glucose uptake in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. Binding studies with βKlotho revealed that the interaction with the co‐receptor involves the C‐terminus, as progressive removal of amino acids from the carboxy end decreased affinity for βKlotho. By contrast, removal of up to 17 amino acids from the N‐terminus had no effect on the interaction with βKlotho. Terminal deletions had greater effect on function, as deletions of six amino acids from the amino‐terminus and only four from the carboxy‐terminus each significantly impacted activity (10‐fold). Of the extreme terminal truncations, with no detectable activity, ΔN17 acted as competitive antagonist while ΔC20 did not. Our structure/function studies show that the C‐terminus is important for βKlotho interaction whereas the N‐terminus likely interacts directly with FGF receptors. J. Cell. Physiol. 219: 227–234, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chaperone‐mediated autophagy is defective in mucolipidosis type IV
Authors: Venugopal Bhuvarahamurthy , Mesires Nicholas T. , Kennedy John C. , Curcio‐Morelli Cyntia , LaPlante Janice M. , Dice J. Fred , Slaugenhaupt Susan A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractMucolipidosis type IV (MLIV) is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the MCOLN1 gene, a member of the transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channel gene family. The encoded protein, transient receptor potential mucolipin‐1 (TRPML1), has been localized to lysosomes and late endosomes but the pathogenic mechanism by which loss of TRPML1 leads to abnormal cellular storage and neuronal cell death is still poorly understood. Yeast two‐hybrid and co‐immunoprecipitation (coIP) experiments identified interactions between TRPML1 and Hsc70 as well as TRPML1 and Hsp40. Hsc70 and Hsp40 are members of a molecular chaperone complex required for protein transport into the lysosome during chaperone‐mediated autophagy (CMA). To determine the functional relevance of this interaction, we compared fibroblasts from MLIV patients to those from sex‐ and age‐matched controls and show a defect in CMA in response to serum withdrawal. This defect in CMA was subsequently confirmed in purified lysosomes isolated from control and MLIV fibroblasts. We further show that the amount of lysosomal‐associated membrane protein type 2A (LAMP‐2A) is reduced in lysosomal membranes of MLIV fibroblasts. As a result of decreased CMA, MLIV fibroblasts have increased levels of oxidized proteins compared to control fibroblasts. We hypothesize that TRPML1 may act as a docking site for intralysosomal Hsc70 (ly‐Hsc70) allowing it to more efficiently pull in substrates for CMA. It is also possible that TRPML1 channel activity may be required for CMA. Understanding the role of TRPML1 in CMA will undoubtedly help to characterize the pathogenesis of MLIV. J. Cell. Physiol. 219: 344–353, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An shRNA silencing a non‐toxic transgene reduces nutrient consumption and increases production of adenoviral vectors in a novel packaging cell
Authors: Wang Lifu , Qi Xiaoguang , Shen Ruizhe , Sun Ying , Tuveson David A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractDuring production of an adenoviral vector in a packaging cell, transgene is expressed concomitantly with the adenoviral gene. Depending on the protein encoded by the transgene, the yield of an adenoviral vector can be reduced or blocked as a result of transgene expression in the packaging cell. We tested the effect of a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) inhibiting the expression of a transgene encoding hIcon, a therapeutic molecule that selectively destroys pathological angiogenic blood vessels, on the yield of an adenoviral vector containing the transgene. The results showed that the yield of infectious adenoviral vector particles was increased about 10‐fold in a novel packaging cell with stable production of an shRNA that can silence the transgene, as compared to the yield in standard packaging line, and the consumption of nutrient in the novel packaging cell line is decreased due to silence of adenoviral transgene expression. The study indicates that shRNA can increase the production of adenoviral vectors by silencing transgene and reducing nutrient consumption of the novel packaging cell. The use of shRNA silencing expression of transgenes encoding therapeutic molecules can reduce the time and cost of producing adenoviral vectors for clinical use. J. Cell. Physiol. 219: 365–371, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dystrophin glycoprotein complex‐associated Gβγ subunits activate phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase/Akt signaling in skeletal muscle in a laminin‐dependent manner
Authors: Xiong Yongmin , Zhou YanWen , Jarrett Harry W. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractPreviously, we showed that laminin‐binding to the dystrophin glycoprotein complex (DGC) of skeletal muscle causes a heterotrimeric G‐protein (Gαβγ) to bind, changing the activation state of the Gsα subunit. Others have shown that laminin‐binding to the DGC also leads to Akt activation. Gβγ, released when Gsα is activated, is known to bind phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase (PI3K), which activates Akt in other cells. Here, we investigate whether muscle Akt activation results from Gβγ, using immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting, and purified Gβγ. In the presence of laminin, PI3K‐binding to the DGC increases and Akt becomes phosphorylated and activated (pAkt), and glycogen synthase kinase is phosphorylated. Antibodies, which specifically block laminin‐binding to α‐dystroglycan, prevent PI3K‐binding to the DGC. Purified bovine brain Gβγ also caused PI3K and Akt activation. These results show that DGC‐Gβγ is binding PI3K and activating pAkt in a laminin‐dependent manner. Mdx mice, which have greatly diminished amounts of DGC proteins, display elevated pAkt signaling and increased expression of integrin β1 compared to normal muscle. This integrin binds laminin, Gβγ, and PI3K. Collectively, these suggest that PI3K is an important target for the Gβγ, which normally binds to DGC syntrophin, and activates PI3K/Akt signaling. Disruption of the DGC in mdx mouse is causing dis‐regulation of the laminin‐DGC‐Gβγ‐PI3K‐Akt signaling and is likely to be important to the pathogenesis of muscular dystrophy. Upregulating integrin β1 expression and activating the PI3K/Akt pathway in muscular dystrophy may partially compensate for the loss of the DGC. The results suggest new therapeutic approaches to muscle disease. J. Cell. Physiol. 219: 402–414, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gestational morphogenesis of the uterine epithelium of the gummy shark (Mustelus antarcticus)
Authors: Storrie Megan T. , Walker Terence I. , Laurenson Laurence J. , Hamlett William C. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractDeveloping embryos of the non‐placental, viviparous gummy shark (Mustelus antarcticus) are supplied with yolk from external and internal yolk sacs throughout the initial stages of gestation. Yolk supplies are exhausted by the 7th month of an 11–12 month gestation. During embryonic development, there is an approximate 800% gain in dry mass. These factors suggest nutrients are transferred from the mother to the young. The results of the present study provide some insights into how this is occurring. The uteri are paired and both are functional. Using both light and transmission electron microscopy, regions of the uterus were examined throughout maturation and gestation. The layers of the uterine wall throughout the entire length are similar to the uteri of other chondrichthyans previously examined. The uterine epithelium of the body of the uterus is smooth contoured, does not form villi, and undergoes cyclical and secretory changes throughout maturity and gestation. In immature uteri, the epithelium is simple columnar with minimal periodic acid‐Schiff‐positive and Alcian blue‐positive secretory vesicles. In mature uteri, the epithelium is highly stratified with cuboidal cells containing numerous Alcian blue‐positive and periodic acid‐Schiff‐positive vesicles. With pregnancy, prominent changes include a reduction in the number of cell layers, a reduction in cell size, a reduction in the connective tissue intervening between epithelium and blood vessel endothelium, and an increase in blood vessel number and size, so that at term, the uterine compartment consists of a single layer of squamous cells immediately underlain by sinusoidal‐like blood vessels. These features along with a small number of secretory vesicles, dilated intercellular spaces, and clear transport vesicles suggest the transepithelial transfer of water and minerals from the maternal to embryonic environment, supplemented by minimal uterine secretions. This is defined as minimal histotrophy and this article represents the first detailed description of this reproductive mode. J. Morphol., 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The mediating role of overall fairness and the moderating role of trust certainty in justice–criteria relationships: the formation and use of fairness heuristics in the workplace
Authors: Jones David A. , Martens Martin L. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractTheory suggests that perceptions of overall fairness play an important role in the justice judgment process, yet overall fairness is insufficiently studied. We derived hypotheses from fairness heuristic theory, which proposes that perceptions of overall fairness are influenced by different types of justice, are more proximal predictors of responses than specific justice types, and are used to infer trust when trust certainty is low. Results from Study 1 (N = 1340) showed that employees' perceptions of overall fairness in relation to a senior management team mediated the relationships between specific types of justice and employee outcomes (e.g., affective commitment). In Study 2 (N = 881), these mediated effects were replicated and trust certainty moderated the effect of overall fairness on trust as hypothesized. Study 2 also showed that, relative to procedural and informational justice, distributive and interpersonal justice had stronger effects on overall fairness. To explore how the organizational context may have influenced these findings, we performed qualitative analyses in Study 3 (N = 268). Results suggested that, consistent with the quantitative findings from Study 2, some types of justice were more salient than others. We discuss the implications of our findings for theory, research, and practice. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Low‐magnitude high‐frequency mechanical signals accelerate and augment endochondral bone repair: Preliminary evidence of efficacy
Authors: Goodship Allen E. , Lawes Timothy J. , Rubin Clinton T. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractFracture healing can be enhanced by load bearing, but the specific components of the mechanical environment which can augment or accelerate the process remain unknown. The ability of low‐magnitude, high‐frequency mechanical signals, anabolic in bone tissue, are evaluated here for their ability to influence fracture healing. The potential for short duration (17 min), extremely low‐magnitude (25 µm), high‐frequency (30 Hz) interfragmentary displacements to enhance fracture healing was evaluated in a mid‐diaphyseal, 3‐mm osteotomy of the sheep tibia. In a pilot study of proof of concept and clinical relevance, healing in osteotomies stabilized with rigid external fixation (Control: n = 4), were compared to the healing status of osteotomies with the same stiffness of fixation, but supplemented with daily mechanical loading (Experimental: n = 4). These 25‐µm displacements, induced by a ferroactive shape‐memory alloy (“smart” material) incorporated into the body of the external fixator, were less than 1% of the 3‐mm fracture gap, and less than 6% of the 0.45‐mm displacement measured at the site during ambulation (p < 0.001). At 10‐weeks post‐op, the callus in the Experimental group was 3.6‐fold stiffer (p < 0.03), 2.5‐fold stronger (p = 0.05), and 29% larger (p < 0.01) than Controls. Bone mineral content was 52% greater in the Experimental group (p < 0.02), with a 2.6‐fold increase in bone mineral content (BMC) in the region of the periosteum (p < 0.001). These data reinforce the critical role of mechanical factors in the enhancement of fracture healing, and emphasize that the signals need not be large to be influential and potentially clinically advantageous to the restoration of function. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27: 922–930, 2009