bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BECOMING A CITIZEN
Authors: Benedicto Jorge , Luz Morán Maria 
Published: September 2007

ABSTRACT
Although citizenship and youth have traditionally seemed to be two terms with very little in common, recent years have shown an enormous interest in analysing their relationships. On one hand, exploring how the new generations become citizens is a key issue for understanding the characteristics of the civic life of a society. On the other, the concept of citizenship has revealed itself as a potent conceptual and analytic instrument for explaining youth transitions. In order to acquire a deeper comprehension of these relationships, we believe it necessary to advance in their empirical study, to acknowledge their multidimensional character, and to defend a dynamic perspective of citizenship. This paper approaches the study of citizenship from its cultural dimension and proposes an analytical framework for the empirical study of the discourses and representations of what being a citizen means to young Europeans. Our analytical framework is structured along two axes: the dimension of belonging and the dimension of involvement.
EXPLANATIONS OF POLITICAL EURO-SCEPTICISM AT THE INDIVIDUAL, REGIONAL AND NATIONAL LEVELS
Authors: Lubbers Marcel , Scheepers Peer 
Published: September 2007

ABSTRACT
This article investigates to what extent nationalist and anti-out-group drives contribute to the explanation of political euro-scepticism, in addition to economic and political drives. The authors disentangle individual-level, regional-level and country-level effects by using the European Social Survey, covering 21 European countries (n=34,160), which is enriched with region and country characteristics. Perceived threat from immigrants as well as political distrust increase political euro-scepticism, explaining low levels of euro-scepticism among higher educated people, higher income categories and socio-cultural specialists. At the contextual level, the authors find that scepticism increases with the distance to Brussels. Moreover, it is found that in countries where television broadcasts are dubbed, euro-scepticism is lower than in countries using subtitles. The authors find small effects from intra-EU trade and number of foreign tourists. In particular, differences between countries in political euro-scepticism are explained by duration of EU membership.
Associating quantitative behavioral traits with gene expression in the brain: searching for diamonds in the hay
Authors: Reiner-Benaim Anat , Yekutieli Daniel , Letwin Noah E. , Elmer Gregory I. , Lee Norman H. , Kafkafi Neri , Benjamini Yoav 
Published: September 2007

AbstractGene expression and phenotypic functionality can best be associated when they are measured quantitatively within the same experiment. The analysis of such a complex experiment is presented, searching for associations between measures of exploratory behavior in mice and gene expression in brain regions. The analysis of such experiments raises several methodological problems. First and foremost, the size of the pool of potential discoveries being screened is enormous yet only few biologically relevant findings are expected, making the problem of multiple testing especially severe. We present solutions based on screening by testing related hypotheses, then testing the hypotheses of interest. In one variant the subset is selected directly, in the other one a tree of hypotheses is tested hierarchical; both variants control the False Discovery Rate (FDR). Other problems in such experiments are in the fact that the level of data aggregation may be different for the quantitative traits (one per animal) and gene expression measurements (pooled across animals); in that the association may not be linear; and in the resolution of interest only few replications exist. We offer solutions to these problems as well. The hierarchical FDR testing strategies presented here can serve beyond the structure of our motivating example study to any complex microarray study.Contact: ybenja@post.tau.ac.ilSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
AtREV1, a Y-Family DNA Polymerase in Arabidopsis, Has Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase Activity in Vitro
Authors: Takahashi Shinya , Sakamoto Ayako N. , Tanaka Atsushi , Shimizu Kikuo 
Published: September 2007

AbstractTo clarify the functions of the Arabidopsis thaliana REV1 (AtREV1) protein, we expressed it in Escherichia coli and purified it to near homogeneity. The deoxynucleotidyl transferase activity of the recombinant AtREV1 was examined in vitro using a primer extension assay. The recombinant AtREV1 transferred one or two nucleotides to the primer end. It efficiently inserted dCMP regardless of the opposite base. AtREV1 also inserted a dCMP opposite an apurinic/apyrimidinic site, which is physiologically generated or induced by various DNA-damaging agents. In contrast, AtREV1 had no insertion activities against UV-inducible DNA lesions as reported in yeast or mammalian system. Although the substrate specificity of AtREV1 was rather narrow in the presence of magnesium ion, it widened in the presence of manganese ion. These results suggest that AtREV1 serves as a deoxycytidyl transferase in plant cells.
Impact of digital information resources in the toxicology literature
Authors: Robinson Lyn 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe purpose of the study reported here was to assess the degree to which new forms of web‐based information and communication resources impact on the formal toxicology literature, and the extent of any change between 2000 and 2005.Design/methodology/approachThe paper takes the form of an empirical examination of the full content of four toxicology journals for the year 2000 and for the year 2005, with analysis of the results, comparison with similar studies in other subject areas, and with a small survey of the information behaviour of practising toxicologists.FindingsScholarly communication in toxicology has been relatively little affected by new forms of information resource (weblogs, wikis, discussion lists, etc.). Citations in journal articles are still largely to “traditional” resources, though a significant increase in the proportion of web‐based material being cited in the toxicology literature has occurred between 2000 and 2005, from a mean of 3 per cent to a mean of 19 per cent.Research limitations/implicationsThe empirical research is limited to an examination of four journals in two samples of one year each.Originality/valueThis is the only recent study of the impact of new ICTs on toxicology communication. It adds to the literature on the citation of digital resources in scholarly publications.
Continuing professional development for library and information science
Authors: Robinson Lyn , Glosiene Audrone 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe paper aims to describe a network of training centres (TCN‐LIS) to support continuing professional development (CPD) of library and information specialists in countries of Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia, funded by the Open Society Institute (OSI). It also aims to draw some general lessons for CPD in the library/information sector.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews the development and activities of the training centre network, and reflects on issues raised and lessons learned.FindingsThe paper finds that TCN‐LIS has been effective in raising standards of professional competence among library and information specialists in the countries of the OSI region. General conclusions can be drawn about good practice for CPD, in issues including the most appropriate topics to be covered, most appropriate methods for teaching and learning, situation of CPD training centres, and relations between CPD and formal education.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is based on a network of training centres in 23 countries between 1999 and 2006.Originality/valueThis is the only paper describing TCN‐LIS, and the library/information training activities supported by OSI. It provides a unique perspective for considering library/information CPD issues.
Action learning and action reflection learning: are they different? Part 2
Authors: Rimanoczy Isabel 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to compare action learning and action reflection learning (ARL), exploring the similarities and differences.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a bibliographic search through ProQuest to collect scholarly journal publications on the definition and evolution of action learning; scholarly dissertations on ARL and their bibliographic references applying to this comparison. The origins of both action learning and action reflection learning are explored. Action learning is first compared to ARL, using the taxonomy of Rimanoczy of ARL's principles and elements. Then ARL is compared to the characteristics listed for Action Learning by Smith and O'Neil.FindingsAs a result of this double comparison, a list of commonalities and differences is established. The comparison indicates that while there are action‐learning aspects in some of the ARL based interventions, the eclectic characteristics developed by practitioners convert ARL into a learning architecture that brings together best professional practices described in various theoretical lines.Originality/valueThis paper offers guidelines to designing and implementing learning interventions in a wide scope of contexts.
Building an apprenticeship and training system for maintenance occupations in the American transit industry
Authors: Glover Robert W. , Clopton Lewis , McCollum Malcolm , Wang Xinge 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the joint training and apprenticeship system emerging in maintenance occupations in the US transit industry, its challenges and strategies to overcome them.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reports on early results, including efforts to develop a consensus national framework for apprenticeship and training in transit maintenance. In the paper, training is an arena that both management and labour have common interests. Collaboration in training can foster partnership and improved labour‐management relationships. Implementing technological innovations and organisational changes in workplace practices are facilitated by training and together with training demonstrate strong positive financial payoffs.FindingsThe paper finds that the training and apprenticeship system discussed is not yet fully implemented.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper shows that several industries in America and other countries are facing similar shortages of skilled technicians due to technological and significant demographic changes.Originality/valueThe paper reviews approaches taken to develop a national effort to promote quality and sustainability in the emerging training system for transit maintenance workers.
Apprenticeship in The Netherlands: connecting school‐ and work‐based learning
Authors: Onstenk Jeroen , Blokhuis Franck 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to show that The Netherlands offers an interesting case of apprenticeship as part of an elaborated system of vocational education, combining school and workplace learning. For reaching objectives of vocational education with regard to effective problem solving on the job and work process knowledge the quality of workplace learning is essential.Design/methodology/approachThe research in this paper is explorative. It is based on policy analysis, literature review and meta‐analysis of recent research on workplace learning, done by the authors and some colleagues. New theoretical approaches on workplace learning are used to throw new light on developments in Dutch apprenticeships.FindingsThe paper finds that governments as well as schools and companies are attempting to uphold the quality of learning in apprenticeships. More intensive interaction between workplaces and vocational schools are developed. Still, there are two main issues in dispute: the quality of workplace learning (content, guidance, assessment) and the quality of the connection between workplace and school‐based learning, despite attempts to make VET more practice oriented and to improve connections between school and work.Practical implicationsThe paper shows that VET innovation should pay more attention to quality improvement and connectivity of work‐based learning by establishing quality criteria for work‐based learning places, by enriching workplace learning and by designing curricula, which integrate learning places as well as learning experiences.Originality/valueThe value of the paper is delivering new insights on apprenticeships by confronting new theories with the Dutch case.
Intangible assets in plain business language
Authors: Green Annie 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present valuation, economic, and corporate management aspects related to the design and implementation of intangible asset valuation in common business language.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology or approach to identifying or naming intangible assets within the business environment was used.FindingsThe purpose of intangible asset valuation is to understand what the intangible asset is and how it affects the bottom line of the business. Understanding the reason for the intangible asset valuation, whether for tax purposes, corporate planning, or dispute resolution, is paramount when considering the nature of the intangible asset to be valued.Originality/valueIntangible assets are generally not included in active company management. Many companies do not recognize or investigate ways to maximize the income to be derived from intangible assets or other benefits of a centralized intangible asset management program. Fundamental to valuing intangible assets are their identification and subsequent representation. As presented in this paper, the three categories of intelligence identify intangible assets by the business value drivers that comprise them.
The KM phoenix
Authors: Sinclair Niall 
Published: September 2007

PurposeEvery so often a new technological wave breaks over the business world. Accompanying such watershed moments, there is invariably a follow‐on, or ripple‐effect, that has implications for the discipline called knowledge management (KM). The latest technology wave is that of Web 2.0, and all the changes it heralds, both to one's social and to one's working life, are already being forecast and discussed in organizations across the world. The purpose of this paper is to address the following questions. Does Web 2.0 hold any major implications for KM, and is there a new KM 2.0 waiting to evolve and accompany Web 2.0 into its brave new technology world?Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents an analysis of why KM has not been applied successfully so far in many business organizations, and how new technology may enable that situation to change.FindingsThe success of many KM initiatives over the last 15 years was predicated on the successful use of a KM‐style technology. However, for most of that time the technology was not a good fit for the way that people involved in KM actually work. Now, a new wave of technology tools is available: tools that are a much better fit for KM practitioners and the organizations in which they work.Originality/valueThe paper highlights that, with the new wave of technology tools available, there is a significant opportunity for KM to evolve and establish itself as a more mainstream business activity.
The process of knowledge retrieval
Authors: Mariano Stefania , Casey Andrea 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the individual employee's role in the process of knowledge retrieval in a US high‐technology research, engineering and consulting company, using a constructivist perspective.Design/methodology/approachA case study design was used and employed three methods of data collection: interviewing, observation, and document analysis. Using these data gathering methods provided data triangulation and supported the validity of the study. The unit of analysis is individual action. This is an embedded strategy because it involves more than one subunit of analysis. Data are collected across five practices (sections) of one division of this company.FindingsThis study found that people generally followed five steps to retrieve knowledge and that the type of work to accomplish and structure of the team were critical to what knowledge was retrieved and shared. Explicit and tacit knowledge retention structures were identified and revealed that three or fewer individuals were usually involved in the search process of tacit knowledge.Research limitations/implicationsThis study does not focus on the process of knowledge storage but only on the process of knowledge access and retrieval. This study only looks at the process of knowledge retrieval during decision‐making or problem‐solving activities. It collects data through individual interviews at the consultant level. It does not focus on other hierarchical levels, e.g. managerial level, which might have given different perspectives or results.Practical implicationsThis finding suggests the need to promote a culture to support knowledge sharing through the help of managers. Leaders should thus focus on strengthening the attitudes of employees to share tacit knowledge, making their own knowledge accessible to other coworkers not only through one‐to‐one communication but also through the use of explicit knowledge retention structures such as electronic databases. This will be essential for those organizations where employees' day‐to‐day decisions are not routine decisions and people's expertise represents a decisive source of knowledge to best accomplish a work task. Another implication is that, when an organization wants to preserve its memory, rules and templates should be implemented to teach employees how to convert their own tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge to make it available to the other members. In addition organizations must integrate this activity into work structures, i.e. billing for hours.Originality/valueThis research develops a framework for conceptualizing structures and processes of knowledge retrieval among individuals in organizational contexts. It also identifies and classifies which factors are likely to influence the knowledge retrieval process.
An exploration of knowledge management practices in Colombia
Authors: Baquero Tatiana , Schulte William 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to explore the status of knowledge management (KM) practices in private, public and academic sectors in Colombia.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 50 organizations in Colombia, among the private, public and academic sectors. This was done through analysis of field research, including documentation, an online survey, and conversations with local Colombians representing private, public and academic organizations.FindingsThe findings of this study reveal that, although there is a low level of adoption of KM practices in Colombia, there are some interesting cases of organizations that provide exemplars in this field of KM. This demonstrates a growing acceptance of best practices in KM which have been exported and developed in country firms.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample size is a limitation and future research should expand the sample of the analysis of KM practices in Colombia and other nations in Latin America.Practical implicationsThis study provides a clearer understanding of the status of KM in Colombia and the potential of KM adoption in other Latin American organizations.Originality/valueScholars and practitioners from all over the world are working to understand the value of KM in various countries. Yet, despite this, no specific research has been conducted on identifying KM practices in Colombia. The results of this research on Colombia provide a benchmark for both scholars and practitioners of KM.
An analysis of antecedents and consequences of trust in a corporate brand
Authors: Sichtmann Christina 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe paper aims to present a comprehensive framework for understanding consumer trust in a corporate brand, incorporating both the antecedents and consequences of trust. The paper also seeks to account explicitly for the differences in antecedents and consequences of trust found among customers and among non‐customers.Design/methodology/approachData were obtained from 308 face‐to‐face interviews conducted in Germany. Structural equation modelling was used in order to test the proposed hypotheses.FindingsThe results indicate that competence and credibility have a high explanatory power as antecedents of trust. Trust has a considerable impact on supplier selection for existing and new products, as well as on the word‐of‐mouth (WOM) behaviour of consumers. There are strong differences between customers and non‐customers in terms of the antecedents and consequences of trust in a corporate brand.Research limitations/implicationsIn order to generalise the findings, the model needs to be tested with other samples and research objects. Marketing research into trust should focus on competence and credibility as important antecedents of trust. The findings propose that trust has positive effects on purchase intention and WOM behaviour. Marketing research should pay more attention to the role of trust in gaining new customers.Practical implicationsBecause of the positive influence on marketing success, managers should focus on trust‐building activities that centre on competence and credibility primarily with current customers. However, trust also seems to be a good device to gain customers from competitors.Originality/valueThe contributions of the paper are, firstly, a more complete framework of trust that analyses both antecedents and consequences of trust simultaneously. Secondly, the study allows a direct comparison of the difference in antecedents and consequences of trust between customers on the one hand and non‐customers on the other.
Research on trust: a bibliography and brief bibliometric analysis of the special issue submissions
Authors: Arnott David C. 
Published: September 2007

PurposeThe primary purpose of this bibliography is to provide a compilation of trust‐related articles from the disparate fields in which trust has been explored (from psychology to sociology and information systems to marketing. Years in its compilation and (still incomplete), it provides a listing that is not easily obtained even with the search capability of the internet and electronic library catalogues. Its secondary purpose is to highlight which articles are used most by marketing‐related trust researchers both in general and within the submissions to the special issue.Design/methodology/approachThe bibliography was compiled via search and analysis of databases, reference lists, bibliographies, internet searches, library catalogues, university web pages, researchers'curricula vitae(inter alia) for conference papers, journal articles, and books that use trust as a key concept within the work.FindingsThe paper finds that there is a plethora of material on trust, but spread across several thousand sources. No single comprehensive collection exists and the need for such a compilation is of value to researchers.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is an invaluable source of references on trust from across a wide range of academic disciplines.Originality/valueThe main contribution of the paper is the cross‐disciplinary nature of the compilation of reference materials.