bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation among higher secondary school adolescents in an urban city of Nepal: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kunwar Surakshya , Sharma Sudim , Marasini Sabina , Joshi Anjali , Adhikari Ashish , Ranjit Anushka , Byanju Shrestha Ishwori , Shrestha Archana , Shrestha Akina Koju , Karmacharya Biraj Man 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and factors associated with cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation among high school adolescents of Pokhara Metropolitan City, Nepal.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingPokhara Metropolitan City, Nepal.ParticipantsWe used convenient sampling to enrol 450 adolescents aged 16–19 years from four distinct higher secondary schools in Pokhara Metropolitan City.Outcome measuresWe administered the Cyberbullying and an Online Aggression Survey to determine the prevalence of cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the ORs and 95% CIs. Data were analysed using STATA V.13.ResultsThe 30-day prevalence of cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation was 14.4% and 19.8%, and the over-the-lifetime prevalence was 24.2% and 42.2%, respectively. Posting mean or hurtful comments online was the most common form of both cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation. Compared with females, males were more likely to be involved in cyberbullying (adjusted OR (AOR)=13.52; 95% CI: 6.04 to 30.25; p value <0.001) and cyber-victimised (AOR=2.22; 95% CI: 1.33 to 3.73; p value <0.05). Using the internet almost every day was associated with cyberbullying (AOR=9.44; 95% CI: 1.17 to 75.79; p value <0.05) and cyber-victimisation (AOR=4.96; 95% CI: 1.06 to 23.18; p value <0.05). Students from urban place of residence were associated with both cyberbullying (AOR=2.45; 95% CI: 1.23 to 4.88; p value <0.05) and cyber-victimisation (AOR=1.77; 95% CI: 1.02 to 3.05; p value <0.05).ConclusionThe study recommends the implementation of cyber-safety educational programmes, and counselling services including the rational use of internet and periodic screening for cyberbullying in educational institutions. The enforcement of strong anti-bullying policies and regulations could be helpful to combat the health-related consequences of cyberbullying.
Perinatal healthcare for women at risk of children’s social care involvement: a qualitative survey of professionals in England
Authors: Grant Claire , Bicknell-Morel Tamsin , Lever Taylor Billie , Powell Claire , Blackburn Ruth Marion , Lacey Rebecca , Woodman Jenny 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundWomen with complex health needs are more at risk of having children’s social care involvement with their newborns than other mothers. Around the time of pregnancy, there are opportunities for health services to support women with these needs and mitigate the risk of mother–baby separation. Yet little is known about healthcare professionals’ experiences of providing this support.MethodsWe administered an online survey to perinatal healthcare professionals across England (n=70 responders), including midwives, obstetricians, perinatal psychologists/psychiatrists and health visitors. We asked about their experiences of providing care for pregnant women with chronic physical conditions, mental health needs, intellectual/developmental disabilities and substance use disorders, who might be at risk of children’s social care involvement. We conducted a framework analysis.ResultsWe constructed five themes from participant data. These include (1) inaccessible healthcare for women with complex needs, (2) the challenges and importance of restoring trust, (3) services focusing on individuals, not families, (4) the necessity and caution around multidisciplinary support and (5) underfunded services inhibiting good practice.ConclusionsWomen who are at risk of children’s social care involvement will likely experience perinatal healthcare inequities. Our findings suggest that current perinatal healthcare provision for this population is inadequate and national guidelines need updated to inform support.
Promoting equitable and patient-centred care: an analysis of patient satisfaction in urban, rural and remote primary care sites in the Philippines
Authors: Panganiban Janelle Micaela S , Loreche Arianna Maever , De Mesa Regine Ynez H , Camiling-Alfonso Romelei , Fabian Noleen Marie C , Dans Leonila F , Galingana Cara Lois T , Lopez Johanna Faye E , Casile Ray U , Aquino Maria Rhodora N , Rey Mia P , Sanchez Josephine T , Javelosa Mark Anthony U , Tan-Lim Carol Stephanie C , Marfori Jose Rafael A , Paterno Ramon Pedro , Dans Antonio L 
Published: March 2024

ObjectivesThis study measured changes in patient satisfaction levels before and after the introduction of primary care system strengthening interventions in urban, rural, and remote sites in the Philippines.MethodsA previously validated 16-item questionnaire was distributed to 200 patients per site before implementation of interventions and to a different set of 200 patients 1 year after implementation. We compared the percentage change in highly satisfied patients per site before and after implementing interventions using a two-proportion Z-test.ResultsThe urban site had a significant increase in patient satisfaction in 13 survey items, which corresponded to the domains of healthcare availability, service efficiency, technical competency and health communication. The rural site had a significant increase in six survey items, which corresponded to the domains of service efficiency, environment, location, health communication and handling. The remote site had a decrease in patient satisfaction in 10 survey items, with a significant increase in only 4 items under the domains of healthcare availability and handling.ConclusionOur findings support the ‘inverse equity hypothesis’, where well-resourced urban communities quickly adopt complex health interventions while rural and remote settings experience delays in effectively meeting patient needs and system demands. Extended intervention periods and targeted strategies may be necessary to impact patient satisfaction in underserved areas considerably.
Prevalence of prolonged grief disorder and its symptoms among bereaved individuals in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yuan Meng-Di , Liu Jun-Fa , Zhong Bao-Liang 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundThe prevalence of prolonged grief disorder (PGD) and its symptoms among the bereaved population in China vary considerably.AimsThis meta-analysis aims to estimate the prevalence of PGD and its symptoms among bereaved individuals in China.MethodsWe conducted a literature search in major Chinese and English databases from their inception to 4 October 2023, for cross-sectional studies on the prevalence of PGD or its symptoms in bereaved Chinese individuals. The risk of bias of the included studies and certainty of the evidence were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data (‘JBI checklist’) and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE), respectively. The ‘metaprop’ package in R V.4.1.2 was used to synthesise the prevalence.ResultsA total of 28 studies involving 10 994 bereaved individuals were included in the analysis, with JBI checklist scores between 3 and 7. The combined prevalence (95% confidence interval) of PGD and its symptoms was 8.9% (4.2% to 17.6%) and 32.4% (18.2% to 50.8%), respectively. PGD and its symptoms were most prevalent among those who had lost their only child (22.7%) and those bereaved by earthquakes (80.4%), respectively. The GRADE system assigned a very low certainty level to the evidence for the pooled prevalence of PGD and its symptoms.ConclusionsThe pooled prevalence of PGD and its symptoms indicate a potential high need for grief counselling services among bereaved individuals in China. This need is particularly pronounced in those who have lost their only child and those bereaved due to earthquakes. Further methodologically rigorous studies are needed to provide more accurate prevalence estimates.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023432553.
Investigating feather corticosterone and fault bars along the length of domestic male turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) feathers
Authors: Naim Anna R. , van Staaveren Nienke , Wood Benjamin J. , Harlander-Matauschek Alexandra , Baes Christine F. , Leishman Emily M. 
Published: March 2024

Fault bars are visible deformities in the feather structure potentially related to the stress response and may be an interesting trait that can reflect robustness. This study’s objective was to describe fault bars along the length of domestic turkey feathers and investigate whether fault bars are associated with feather corticosterone (FCORT). The same primary wing feather was evaluated from 75 male turkeys from three genetic lines. Feathers were cut into three (proximal, middle, and distal) sections to score fault bar presence, incidence, and severity. FCORT was measured for each feather section using ELISA. Linear mixed models were used to investigate differences in the fault bar presence, incidence, and severity between feather sections and genetic line, as well as investigate associations between the fault bar measures and FCORT. There was a significant increase in FCORT and fault bar incidence from proximal to distal feather sections ( P < 0.0001). In the distal section only, sections with fault bars had significantly higher FCORT compared to sections without fault bars ( P = 0.0088). No associations were found between fault bars and FCORT in the other sections. Consequently, associating FCORT and fault bars using whole primary wing feathers may be challenging. Future work should reevaluate this relationship longitudinally to better understand fault bar development.
The Universality of Functions in the Sciences at Large and in Computing
Authors: Boute Raymond 
Published: March 2024

Universality
of a concept here means wide conceptual and practical usefulness in mathematics and applications. The
function
concept owes its universality to simplicity, generality, and powerful algebraic properties. Advantages proven in the sciences at large significantly benefit computing science as well.

Universality critically depends on the definitional choices. The first half of this article shows that a “function” in the sense prevalent throughout the sciences, namely, as fully specified by its
domain
and its
values
, entails the characteristics that most contribute to universality. This link is clarified by some less well-understood aspects, including the role of function types as partial specifications, the ramifications of having composition defined for any pair of functions, and unification by capturing various notions not commonly seen as functions. Simple but representative examples are given in diverse areas, mostly computing.

When a
codomain
appears at all in basic textbooks, it mostly involves a self-contradicting definition, corrected by the
labeled
function variant. Either way, it severely reduces universality, especially for composition. Yet, the axiomatization of category theory common in theoretical computing science offers no other choice.

The second half explores how waiving one axiom generalizes category theory to include a wider variety of concepts, primarily the conventional function variant. It is also shown how this can be done unobtrusively for typical categorical notions, such as products, coproducts, functors, natural transformations, adjunctions, Galois connections, and auxiliary concepts, illustrated by example definitions and technical comments.
Allowing the familiar function variant renders category theory more appealing to a wider group of scientists. A lesson for mathematics in general is Rogaway’s maxim: “Your definitional choices should be justified!”.
EiDA: A lossless approach for dynamic functional connectivity; application to fMRI data of a model of ageing
Authors: de Alteriis Giuseppe , MacNicol Eilidh , Hancock Fran , Ciaramella Alessandro , Cash Diana , Expert Paul , Turkheimer Federico E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDynamic Functional Connectivity (dFC) is the study of the dynamic patterns of interaction that characterise brain function. Numerous numerical methods are available to compute and analyse dFC from high-dimensional data. In fMRI, a number of them rely on the computation of the instantaneous Phase Alignment (iPA) matrix (also known as instantaneous Phase Locking). Their limitations are the high computational cost and the concomitant need to introduce approximations with ensuing information loss. Here, we introduce the analytical decomposition of the iPA. This has two advantages. Firstly, we achieve an up to 1000-fold reduction in computing time without information loss. Secondly, we can formally introduce two alternative approaches to the analysis of the resulting time-varying instantaneous connectivity patterns, Discrete and Continuous EiDA (Eigenvector Dynamic Analysis), and a related set of metrics to quantify the total amount of instantaneous connectivity, drawn from dynamical systems and information theory. We applied EiDA to a dataset from 48 rats that underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at four stages during a longitudinal study of ageing. Using EiDA, we found that the metrics we introduce provided robust markers of ageing with decreases in total connectivity and metastability, and an increase in informational complexity over the life span. This suggests that ageing reduces the available functional repertoire that is postulated to support cognitive functions and overt behaviours, slows down the exploration of this reduced repertoire, and decreases the coherence of its structure. In summary, EiDA is a method to extract lossless connectivity information that requires significantly less computational time, and provides robust and analytically principled metrics for brain dynamics. These metrics are interpretable and promising for studies on neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders.
The left posterior angular gyrus is engaged by autobiographical recall not object-semantics, or event-semantics: Evidence from contrastive propositional speech production
Authors: Humphreys Gina F. , Halai Ajay D. , Branzi Francesca M. , Lambon Ralph Matthew A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The angular gyrus (AG) has been implicated in a myriad of cognitive functions. Using the previously under-studied naturalistic task of propositional speech production, we investigated the engagement of the left posterior AG (pAG) by three forms of memory: 1) episodic/autobiographical memory, 2) object semantic-memory, and 3) event-semantic knowledge. We conducted an ALE meta-analysis, followed by an functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study. The meta-analysis showed that pAG is only engaged as part of the propositional speech network when the task carries an autobiographical component. This finding was supported by the fMRI results, which also showed that: 1) pAG was positively engaged during autobiographical memory retrieval; 2) pAG was strongly deactivated for definitions of object semantics and non-propositional speech; 3) pAG activation increased with the degree to which the event descriptions relied on autobiographical information; and 4) critically, the pAG showed a different pattern to known semantic representation regions (e.g., ventral anterior temporal lobe (vATL)), thereby providing clear evidence that the pAG is not acting as a semantic hub. Instead, the pAG activation profile directly mirrored that found in the wider autobiographical retrieval network. We propose that information stored elsewhere in the episodic system is temporally buffered online in the pAG during autobiographical retrieval/memory construction.
Ein Beitrag Martin Hartmanns: „Japan und der Islam“
Authors: Knüppel Michael , Sugawara Jun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this article, the authors give an edition of an article by the famous Orientalist Martin Hartmann (1851–1918), one of the founding fathers of the journal Die Welt des Islams, accompanied by an introduction and commentaries. In Hartmann’s text, which has remained unpublished, he comments on the possible consequences of the Russo-Japanese War (1904/05) and its outcome for Japan’s relationship with the Islamic world in general and the Muslims of China in particular. Hartmann takes a clear stance here against the Russian Empire on the one hand, but also against the policies of the European powers towards Japan on the other, and urges a prudent approach to the victor of the aforementioned war. This should be understood, among other things, against the background of the problematic relations between the German Empire and Japan since the Sino-Japanese War (1894–95) and the German Empire’s efforts to push Japan out of China. The original manuscript of this unpublished article is kept in the archives of the University of Halle.
The Sanskrit Auxiliary sthā- ‘stand’, with a Note on Avestan stā-
Authors: Grieco Beatrice 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Traditional grammars of Sanskrit briefly address the periphrastic use of the verbs i- ‘go’, car- ‘move’, ās- ‘sit’ and sthā- ‘stand’ plus participle or gerund, which convey the meaning ‘to be continually/habitually x’ (x = participle or gerund), but an in-depth analysis of this set of auxiliaries remains a desideratum. This paper specifically addresses the periphrasis formed with the posture verb sthā- ‘stand’. I will investigate the diachronic development of this construction from the Rig-Veda to the Late Vedic period, and I will additionally offer a brief overview of the construction in the Epic Sanskrit language. On the basis of a large diachronically-oriented corpus, I will show that the Rig-Veda does not provide clear evidence of periphrases, whereas in Late Vedic periphrases with sthā- have unambiguously emerged. Furthermore, the data will be compared with the Avestan stā- periphrasis, showing that these two periphrases share certain affinities. This analysis aims to show that there exists a close relationship between this set of periphrases and the intensive category.
From Satélite to the World Screen: Alonso Ruizpalacios’ Museo (2018)
Authors: Ryan Lily 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article examines Alonso Ruizpalacios’ 2018 film Museo with a principal focus on place. It looks at the architectural history of protagonist Juan’s hometown, Ciudad Satélite, and the history of Mexico City’s Museum of Anthropology. What is the historical significance of Ciudad Satélite, which was designed by famed architect Mario Pani? What motivates Juan’s journey across Mexico? In answering these questions, it seeks to address how Museo illustrates Mexican national identity and Juan’s sense of mexicanidad. This study also considers how Museo depicts indigenous culture, spaces, and language in relation to Juan’s crime. The final portion of this article looks at Museo’s commercial distribution data. Using world cinema and festival theory, I consider how Ruizpalacios’ work illuminates the nuanced presence of Mexican cinema in global festivals.
A nutrition education service learning programme: Development, implementation and impact on participants
Authors: Choice Erin , Rinsem Victoria , Downey Rebecca 
Published: March 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the perceptions of university students who served as outside facilitators for evidence-based nutrition education for elementary-age children. Design: Qualitative case study. Methods: Thirteen undergraduate university students facilitated four nutrition education sessions for elementary-age students in an after-school programme using the Choice, Control, Change model as part of service learning curriculum. University students completed pre- and post-participation surveys. Elementary-age participants completed surveys after each session. Results: University students saw the benefit of this type of experiential learning with the following themes: knowledge application, learning about diverse perspectives and having a positive impact. Before the first nutrition education session, the university students felt excited, nervous and/or enthusiastic, and during and immediately after the sessions reported they felt confident. Participant engagement was low/mixed and classroom management was challenging, which may be linked to the university students’ perceptions that they were underprepared to work in a distracting social environment, and with behaviour typical to elementary-age children. The education session recipients reported they gained knowledge about healthy behaviours and believed that eating healthy foods is important. Conclusion: There are gaps in nutrition education programme theory and implementation by outside facilitators. These findings are relevant to those who provide health education services for surrounding communities. This study provides information about implementation barriers when outside facilitators lead nutrition education, alongside recommendations to improve these types of programmes in the future.
Trust with increasing and decreasing reliability
Authors: Rittenberg Benjamin S. P. , Holland Christopher W. , Barnhart Grace E. , Gaudreau Sierra M. , Neyedli Heather F. 
Published: March 2024

Objective The primary purpose was to determine how trust changes over time when automation reliability increases or decreases. A secondary purpose was to determine how task-specific self-confidence is associated with trust and reliability level. Background Both overtrust and undertrust can be detrimental to system performance; therefore, the temporal dynamics of trust with changing reliability level need to be explored. Method Two experiments used a dominant-color identification task, where automation provided a recommendation to users, with the reliability of the recommendation changing over 300 trials. In Experiment 1, two groups of participants interacted with the system: one group started with a 50% reliable system which increased to 100%, while the other used a system that decreased from 100% to 50%. Experiment 2 included a group where automation reliability increased from 70% to 100%. Results Trust was initially high in the decreasing group and then declined as reliability level decreased; however, trust also declined in the 50% increasing reliability group. Furthermore, when user self-confidence increased, automation reliability had a greater influence on trust. In Experiment 2, the 70% increasing reliability group showed increased trust in the system. Conclusion Trust does not always track the reliability of automated systems; in particular, it is difficult for trust to recover once the user has interacted with a low reliability system. Applications This study provides initial evidence into the dynamics of trust for automation that gets better over time suggesting that users should only start interacting with automation when it is sufficiently reliable.