bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient-Reported Adverse Events and Early Treatment Discontinuation Among Patients With Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Peipert John Devin , Zhao Fengmin , Lee Ju-Whei , Shen Shu-en , Ip Edward , O’Connell Nathaniel , Carlos Ruth C. , Graham Noah , Smith Mary Lou , Gareen Ilana F. , Raper Pamela J. , Weiss Matthias , Kumar Shaji K. , Rajkumar S. Vincent , Cella David , Gray Robert , Wagner Lynne I. 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceThere is substantial interest in capturing cancer treatment tolerability from the patient’s perspective using patient-reported outcomes (PROs).ObjectiveTo examine whether a PRO question, item 5 from the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General General Physical Wellbeing Scale (GP5), was associated with early treatment discontinuation (ETD) due to adverse events.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective survey study was conducted from February to April 2023. Among participants in the ECOG-ACRIN E1A11 trial (a phase 3, parallel design trial conducted between 2013 and 2019), patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma were randomized to receive bortezomib (VRd) or carfilzomib (KRd) plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone as induction therapy. The GP5 item was administered at baseline (pretreatment) and at 1 month, 2.8 months, and 5.5 months postbaseline. Eligible participants included patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma treated at community oncology practices or academic medical centers in the US.ExposuresGP5 response options were “very much,” “quite a bit,” “somewhat,” “a little bit,” and “not at all.” Responses at each assessment while undergoing treatment (1 month, 2.8 months, and 5.5 months) were categorized as high adverse event bother (ie, “very much,” and “quite a bit”) and low adverse event bother (ie, “somewhat,” “a little bit,” or “not at all”). In addition, change from baseline to each assessment while undergoing treatment was calculated and categorized as worsening by 1 response category and 2 or more response categories.Main Outcome and MeasureETD due to adverse events (yes vs no) was analyzed using logistic regression adjusting for treatment group, performance status, gender, race, and disease stage.ResultsOf the 1087 participants in the original trial, 1058 (mean [SD] age 64 [9] years; 531 receiving VrD [50.2%]; 527 receiving KRd [49.8%]) responded to item GP5 and were included in the secondary analysis. A small proportion (142 patients [13.4%]) discontinued treatment early due to AEs. For those with high adverse-effect bother, GP5 while undergoing treatment was associated with ETD at 1 month (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.20; 95% CI, 1.25-3.89), 2.8 months (aOR, 3.41; 95% CI, 2.01-5.80), and 5.5 months (aOR, 4.66; 95% CI, 1.69-12.83). Worsening by 2 or more response categories on the GP5 was associated with ETD at 2.8 months (aOR, 3.02; 95% CI, 1.64-5.54) and 5.5 months (aOR, 5.49; 95% CI, 1.45-20.76).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this survey study of the E1A11 trial, worse GP5 response was associated with ETD. These findings suggest that simple assessment of adverse-effect bother while receiving treatment is an efficient way to indicate treatment tolerability and ETD risk.
Unveiling the Energy Storage Mechanism of MnO2 Polymorphs for Zinc‐Manganese Dioxide Batteries
Authors: Zhang Qingyong , Zhao Jun , Chen Xiuyuan , Yang Ruijie , Ying Ting , Cheng Chong , Liu Bilu , Fan Jun , Li Shuang , Zeng Zhiyuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe energy storage mechanism of MnO2 in aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) is investigated using four types of MnO2 with crystal phases corresponding to α‐, β‐, γ‐, and δ‐MnO2. Experimental and theoretical calculation results reveal that all MnO2 follow the H+ and Zn2+ co‐intercalation mechanism during discharge, with ZnMn2O4, MnOOH, and Zn4(SO4)(OH)6·4H2O being the main products. ZnMn2O4 is formed from Zn2+ intercalation, while MnOOH and Zn4(SO4)(OH)6·4H2O are formed from H+ intercalation. Charging generates MnO2 through the extraction of Zn2+ and H+ from ZnMn2O4 and MnOOH, indicating reversible reactions. The study also reveals that H+ intercalation exhibits better kinetics than Zn2+ intercalation due to its higher diffusion ability and easier charge transfer. The crystal structures and diffusion energy barriers differences are responsible for the differences of H+ and Zn2+ diffusion in MnO2, with the layered δ phase exhibiting the lowest diffusion energy barrier and highest apparent diffusion coefficient, while the α phase exhibits the highest diffusion energy barrier and lowest apparent diffusion coefficient. These findings highlight the importance of crystal phases in determining the diffusion ability and energy storage of MnO2, which can inform strategies for design of multiphase MnO2 cathodes for high‐performance ZIBs.
Infection Microenvironment‐Responsive Coating on Titanium Surfaces for On‐Demand Release of Therapeutic Gas and Antibiotic
Authors: Wang Kun , Rong Fan , Peng Haowei , Yuan Zhang , Huo Jingjing , Liu Pengxiang , Ding Rui , Yan Cuiping , Liu Guming , Wang Tengjiao , Li Peng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAseptic loosening and bacterial infection pose significant challenges in the clinical application of titanium (Ti) orthopedic implants, which are primarily caused by insufficient osseointegration and bacterial contamination. To address these issues, a responsive coating on Ti surface is constructed, which achieves enhanced osseointegration and infection elimination by on‐demand release of therapeutic gas hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and antibiotic. TiO2 nanotubes (TNT) are anodized on the Ti surface to enhance its bioactivity and serve as reservoirs for the antibiotic. An infection microenvironment‐responsive macromolecular H2S donor layer is coated on top of TNT to inhibit premature leakage of antibiotic. This layer exhibits a sustained release of low‐dosage H2S, which is capable of promoting the osteogenic differentiation and migration of cells. Moreover, the compactness of the macromolecular H2S donor layer could be broken by bacterial invasion, leading to rapid antibiotic release thus preventing infection. In vitro antibacterial experiments validates significant antibacterial activity of the coating against both Gram‐negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram‐positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). Crucially, this coating effectively suppresses implant‐associated infection with 98.7% antibacterial efficiency in a rat femoral bone defect model, mitigates inflammation at the defect site and promotes osseointegration of the Ti orthopedic implant.
Topological Quantum Switching Enabled Neuroelectronic Synaptic Modulators for Brain Computer Interface
Authors: Assi Dani S. , Huang Hongli , Karthikeyan Vaithinathan , Theja Vaskuri C. S. , de Souza Maria Merlyne , Roy Vellaisamy A. L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAging and genetic‐related disorders in the human brain lead to impairment of daily cognitive functions. Due to their neural synaptic complexity and the current limits of knowledge, reversing these disorders remains a substantial challenge for brain–computer interfaces (BCI). In this work, a solution is provided to potentially override aging and neurological disorder‐related cognitive function loss in the human brain through the application of the authors’ quantum synaptic device. To illustrate this point, a quantum topological insulator (QTI) Bi2Se2Te‐based synaptic neuroelectronic device, where the electric field‐induced tunable topological surface edge states and quantum switching properties make them a premier option for establishing artificial synaptic neuromodulation approaches, is designed and developed. Leveraging these unique quantum synaptic properties, the developed synaptic device provides the capability to neuromodulate distorted neural signals, leading to the reversal of age‐related disorders via BCI. With the synaptic neuroelectronic characteristics of this device, excellent efficacy in treating cognitive neural dysfunctions through modulated neuromorphic stimuli is demonstrated. As a proof of concept, real‐time neuromodulation of electroencephalogram (EEG) deduced distorted event‐related potentials (ERP) is demonstrated by modulation of the synaptic device array.
Inkjet Printed Potentiometric Sensors for Nitrate Detection Directly in Soil enabled by a Hydrophilic Passivation Layer
Authors: Chen Kuan‐Yu , Biswas Aatresha , Cai Shuohao , Huang Jingyi , Andrews Joseph 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAgricultural intensification has increased the use of chemical fertilizers, promoting plant growth and crop yield. Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers leads to nutrient loss and low nitrogen use efficiency. Management of nitrogen fertilizer input requires close to real‐time information about the soil nitrate concentration. While there is extensive work developing nitrate ion sensing solutions for liquid media, few allow for in‐soil measurements. This study introduces inkjet‐printed potentiometric sensors, containing 2 electrodes, the reference electrode (RE) and the nitrate‐selective film‐encapsulated working electrode (WE). The interaction between the nitrate‐sensitive membrane and soil nitrate ions causes a change in potential across the RE and WE. Additionally, a hydrophilic Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) layer ensures the long‐term functionality of the sensor in wet soil environments by protecting it from charged soil particles while simultaneously allowing water to flow from the soil toward the sensor electrodes. The sensors are tested in sand and silt loam soil, demonstrating their versatility across soil types. The potential change can be related to the nitrate concentration in soil, with typical sensitivities of 45–55 mV decade−1. Overall, the use of the PVDF layer allows for direct sensing in moist soil environments, which is critical for developing soil nitrate sensors.
Radiative Cooling and Protective Clothing Through Lamination of Hierarchically Porous Membrane
Authors: Liu Bin , Zhang Renyan , Wu Yingjie , Wang Yingeng , Yu Tao , Li Xiong , Pu Mingbo , Ma Xiaoliang , Luo Xiangang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPersonal protective clothing is designed to safeguard medical personnel from highly infectious diseases. However, it often compromises comfort, especially when worn outdoors during epidemics like the global COVID‐19 outbreak. This can lead to discomfort and even heatstroke. To tackle this issue, radiative cooling is incorporated into personal protective clothing by integrating hierarchically porous poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐HFP) membranes into the fabric. These membranes possess a remarkable solar reflection rate of 96.9% and a strong mid‐infrared emittance of 95.2%. In practical scenarios, when exposed to clear sunny weather at midday, wearing radiative cooling personal protective clothing has the potential to reduce the temperature by 4.7 °C compared to commercially available personal protective clothing. Moreover, the lamination of porous PVDF‐HFP membranes enhances the protective capacity by increasing the synthetic blood penetration pressure from 7 to 20 kPa. The manufacturing process is straightforward, cost‐effective, and aligns with industry standards, making it suitable for large‐scale implementation in epidemic prevention and control. This technology offers comfortable protection while minimizing the risk of heatstroke.
Plant‐Inspired Dual‐Functional Sensor for Monitoring Pulse and Sweat Volume
Authors: Ge Xueyang , Sun Zhengcan , Guo YongXin , Gong Chenbo , Han Runyi , Feng Jingrui , Qi Zichen , Gao Jing , Wen Dong , Bian Fei , Xu Zhaopeng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWearable health monitoring sensors, when employed to monitor pulse and sweat volume in real‐time during human physical activity, serve as an effective preventative measure against abnormal health conditions, such as elevated heart rate or excessive dehydration. Herein, a dual‐functional sensor based on a sandwich structure composed of polyvinylidene fluoride hexafluoropropylene / conductive carbon black perforated film (named PCp film) and corncob sponge is designed to monitor pulse and sweat volume. The PCp film prepared by the breath figure method serves as a piezoresistive sensor with high sensitivity (0.06 kPa−1), a fast response time (0.9 ms), and high reusability for pulse monitoring. Furthermore, the PCp film has excellent water permeability (27.3 L m−2 h−1); thus, the sweat permeating through the PCp film can be absorbed by the corncob sponge. The sandwich‐structured capacitive sensor is also highly sensitive (6.021 pF nL−1) to the absorbed sweat and is highly reusable. In addition, the dual‐functional sensor is successfully integrated into a sports bracelet system to display real‐time pulse and sweat‐volume data of the wearer. This approach provides a dependable foundation for the advancement of multifunctional sensors in the field of sports monitoring.
Manipulation of Photo‐Active Ultralong Organic Phosphorescence in Host‐Guest System
Authors: Zhao Jiaxin , Sun Haodong , He Yunfei , Wang Hailan , Shen Mingyao , Yu Tao , Huang Wei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe photo‐active ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) materials can only emit UOP gradually under consistent UV irradiation, which is primarily attributed to internal quenching of triplet oxygen, yet manipulating the rate of the photo‐activating process is seldom reported. In addition, amorphous small‐molecule doping UOP material is rarely reported either. In this study, a series of host and guest materials are synthesized and doped into amorphous UOP doping systems. These doping systems demonstrated a tunable photo‐activating rate (4–6 seconds to reach a saturated state), and the amorphous structure realized the sensitive detection of oxygen. The results affirm that triplet oxygen plays a pivotal role in determining whether UOP can be emitted, and importantly, it is established that a crystalline structure in small‐molecular doping systems is not a necessary condition. Furthermore, polymer‐based UOP materials, manufactured through co‐doping with both host and guest, exhibited tunable photo‐activating rates (4–16 s) and lifetimes (226.38–462.78 ms). To expand the application, the UV‐curing resin‐based UOP materials are prepared via 3D‐printing technology. This innovative work introduces a new approach for applying UOP materials in the field of amorphous doping system, providing a guiding strategy for widespread applications in oxygen detecting, time‐resolved information display and dynamic multi‐dimensional anti‐counterfeiting.
Achieving Efficient Optical Thermometry in Terbium‐Doped Highly Transparent Ceramics
Authors: Lu Kailei , Guan Mengqiu , Xie Yuhong , Han Wenhan , Ye Yucheng , Li Zijie , Wang Guixin , Qi Jianqi , Lu Tiecheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTemperature‐responsive dynamics of excited‐state population in terbium (Tb) ions may open the door for the advancement of high‐performance photothermal feedback windows. However, obtaining robust luminescence and superior transparency in Tb‐doped ceramics continues to pose a formidable challenge, leaving them far away from photonic application. Here, to fill this important gap, the demonstration of Tb doped transparent ceramics for luminescent thermometric windows is reported. Y2Zr2O7:Tb (YZO:Tb) ceramics are used as an illustrative example. After a sequence of thermal treatments, the defect centers F/F+ and defect clusters [] and [] in these YZO:Tb transparent ceramics are eliminated, resulting in a notable enhancement of their in‐line transmittance from 71% to 76%, making it close to the theoretical limit. Moreover, the corresponding photoluminescence increased significantly, reaching a factor of 296 times. Furthermore, a temperature feedback window is designed using the excitation intensity ratio (EIR) or single‐band luminescence intensity ratio (SBLIR) mode, which presents high sensitivity (1.04%) and high repeatability (98%). This work not only provides a paradigm in the application of the Tb doped transparent ceramics for temperature sensing windows, but also suggests a pathway to build efficient thermometers based on excited state population deployment in window systems.
Soft Robotic Textiles for Adaptive Personal Thermal Management
Authors: Zhang Xiaohui , Wang Zhaokun , Huang Guanghan , Chao Xujiang , Ye Lin , Fan Jintu , Shou Dahua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThermal protective textiles are crucial for safeguarding individuals, particularly firefighters and steelworkers, against extreme heat, and for preventing burn injuries. However, traditional firefighting gear suffers from statically fixed thermal insulation properties, potentially resulting in overheating and discomfort in moderate conditions, and insufficient protection in extreme fire events. Herein, an innovative soft robotic textile is developed for dynamically adaptive thermal management, providing superior personal protection and thermal comfort across a spectrum of environmental temperatures. This unique textile features a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)‐sealed actuation system, embedded with a low boiling point fluid for reversible phase transition, resembling an endoskeleton that triggers an expansion within the textile matrix for enhanced air gap and thermal insulation. The thermal resistance improves automatically from 0.23 to 0.48 Km2 W−1 by self‐actuating under intense heat, exceeding conventional textiles by maintaining over 10 °C cooler temperatures. Additionally, the knitted substrate incorporated into the soft actuators can substantially mitigate convective heat transfer, as evidenced by the thermal resistance tests and the temperature mapping derived from numerical simulations. Moreover, it boasts significantly increased moisture permeability. The thermoadaptation and breathability of this durable all‐fabric system signify considerable progress in the development of protective clothing with high comfort for dynamic and extreme temperature conditions.
Evaluation of temporal trends of growing degree days index for major crops in Türkiye
Authors: Gürkan Hüdaverdi , Ekici Mithat , Doğan Onur Hakan , Çalik Yusuf , Eskioğlu Osman , Yağan Serpil , Bulut Hüseyin , Özmutlu Elif Müdrike 
Published: March 2024

AbstractClimate change, previously considered an environmental problem, has begun to be defined as a climate crisis since its effects intensify faster than previously thought, cause severe economic losses, and threaten food security. Climate indexes have been defined as the primary descriptive indicator to acquire a consistent perspective on observed and projected changes resulting from weather and climatic extremes. In this study, the growing degree days (GDD) index, one of the essential indicators in planning agricultural activities, was examined for wheat (Triticum aestivum), maize (Zea mays), and sunflowers (Helianthus anuus) across Türkiye. The GDD index was examined between 1971 and 2020 for the observed change analysis and between 2023 and 2098 for future projections. Three global climate models and two representative concentration pathways (RCPs), that is, 4.5 and 8.5, were selected to assess climate change impact. The analysis of the entire observed period (1971–2020) indicated a considerable increasing trend in the annual total GDD index for wheat, except in the southeast of Türkiye, and maize and sunflower across the country. Assessment results of the climate projection analysis revealed that there would be increases over 1400 and 2300°C day/year for the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively, for all three crops considered. Additionally, the findings indicated further increases in the southern latitudes of Türkiye. Projection results also confirmed that there will be longer suitable periods for agricultural production, and the crop vegetation periods will be shorter and shift earlier in Türkiyein the future periods.
Diagnostic findings and yield of investigations for children with developmental regression
Authors: Furley Kirsten , Hunter Matthew F. , Fahey Michael , Williams Katrina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChildhood conditions that feature developmental regression are poorly understood. Phenotype–genotype characterization and diagnostic yield data are needed to inform clinical decision‐making. The aim of this study was to report the conditions featuring developmental regression and assess diagnostic yields of investigations. A retrospective chart review of children presenting with developmental regression to a tertiary pediatric genetic clinic between 2018 and 2021 was performed. Of 99 children, 30% (n = 30) had intellectual disability (ID), 21% (n = 21) were autistic, 39% (n = 39) were autistic with ID, and 9% (n = 9) did not have ID or autism. Thirty‐two percent (n = 32) of children received a new diagnosis, including eight molecular findings not previously reported to feature developmental regression. Of the children investigated, exome sequencing (ES) provided the highest diagnostic yield (51.1%, n = 24/47), highest (63.6%, n = 14/22) for children with ID, 50% for autistic children with ID (n = 6/12) and children without autism or ID (n = 3/6), and 14.3% (n = 1/7) for autistic children without ID. We highlight the conditions that feature developmental regression and report on novel phenotypic expansions. The high diagnostic yield of ES, regardless of autism or ID diagnosis, indicates the presence of developmental regression as an opportunity to identify the cause, including for genetic differences not previously reported to include regression.
Chelating Additive Regulating Zn‐Ion Solvation Chemistry for Highly Efficient Aqueous Zinc‐Metal Battery
Authors: Xu Dongming , Ren Xueting , Li Haoyu , Zhou Yuran , Chai Simin , Chen Yining , Li Hang , Bai Lishun , Chang Zhi , Pan Anqiang , Zhou Haoshen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc‐metal batteries (AZMBs) usually suffered from poor reversibility and limited lifespan because of serious water induced side‐reactions, hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) and rampant zinc (Zn) dendrite growth. Reducing the content of water molecules within Zn‐ion solvation sheaths can effectively suppress those inherent defects of AZMBs. In this work, we originally discovered that the two carbonyl groups of N‐Acetyl‐ϵ‐caprolactam (N‐ac) chelating ligand can serve as dual solvation sites to coordinate with Zn2+, thereby minimizing water molecules within Zn‐ion solvation sheaths, and greatly inhibit water‐induced side‐reactions and HER. Moreover, the N‐ac chelating additive can form a unique physical barrier interface on Zn surface, preventing the harmful contacting with water. In addition, the preferential adsorption of N‐ac on Zn (002) facets can promote highly reversible and dendrite‐free Zn2+ deposition. As a result, Zn//Cu half‐cell within N‐ac added electrolyte delivered ultra‐high 99.89 % Coulombic efficiency during 8000 cycles. Zn//Zn symmetric cells also demonstrated unprecedented long life of more than 9800 hours (over one year). Aqueous Zn//ZnV6O16 ⋅ 8H2O (Zn//ZVO) full‐cell preserved 78 % capacity even after ultra‐long 2000 cycles. A more practical pouch‐cell was also obtained (90.2 % capacity after 100 cycles). This method offers a promising strategy for accelerating the development of highly efficient AZMBs.