bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alpha heavy chain disease developing in an Asian resident in the United Kingdom and responding to antibiotics
Authors: Ross I N , Thompson R A , Asquith P 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A 40-year-old man born in Bangladesh developed alpha heavy chain disease whilst a resident in the United Kingdom. An incomplete, low molecular weight alpha heavy chain protein, devoid of light chains was demonstrated in his serum. Clinical remission of his disease was achieved by antibiotics alone.
Leiomyosarcoma of the spermatic cord
Authors: de Bolla A R , Arkell D G 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Leiomyosarcoma of the spermatic cord is extremely rare. We report a case associated with recurrent papillary bladder tumours and benign hyperplasia of the prostate. The use of adjuvant chemotherapy is described for the first time in the management of this condition.
The Birmingham blood pressure school study
Authors: De Giovanni J V , Pentecost B L , Beevers D G , Beevers M , Jackson S H D , Bannan L T , Osbourne V L , Mathews K 
Published: December 2008

SummaryFour-hundred and twenty-eight school leavers of 3 ethnic groups (white, black and Asian) were screened for blood pressure, resting pulse rate and general anthropometric characteristics. Asian pupils were both shorter and lighter than the other two groups whilst black males were heavier and taller. There was no significant difference in the mean systolic or diastolic blood pressure between the 3 groups, although the black pupils had a stronger family history of hypertension, particularly on the mother’s side. These observations differ in some respects from other ethnic blood pressure studies and establish values for the local population.
Liver abscess caused by Haemophilus parainfluenzae
Authors: Chattopadhyay B , Silverstone P H , Winwood R S 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A case of liver abscess caused by Haemophilus parainfluenzae in an otherwise healthy adult is described which responded to medical management without surgery. This we believe to be the first reported case of liver abscess caused by this organism in the English medical literature.
Sideroblastic anaemia associated with lincomycin therapy
Authors: Kokkini G , Tsianos E , Kappas A 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Sideroblastic anaemia developed after lincomycin therapy in a 58-year-old woman. The anaemia proved completely reversible after termination of lincomycin therapy and the introduction of pyridoxine. The patient also had pseudomembranous enterocolitis, a well-known side effect of lincomycin.
Life style and national and international trends in coronary heart disease mortality
Authors: Marmot M. G. 
Published: December 2008

Summary
An international comparison of trends in mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD) since 1968 shows a sizeable decline in the U.S.A., Australia, New Zealand, Finland, Canada, Belgium and Japan. By contrast England, Wales and Scotland had shown no evidence of decline in CHD mortality until 1979. This has resulted in a marked deterioration in the CHD ranking of Scotland and England and Wales relative to other countries. Sweden, Hungary, Poland, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Rumania and the U.S.S.R. have all had increases in CHD mortality. There are many possible reasons for these changes. In general, countries that had had a decrease in CHD mortality have experienced changes in the type and/or quantity of fat in the national diet. The changes in CHD mortality in Sweden and Japan are out of line with the pattern in other countries. There is some evidence that changes in smoking and blood pressure control may have contributed to changes in CHD mortality. Changes in physical activity may have also played a part.
Spinal cord compression by extramedullary haematopoiesis in myelofibrosis
Authors: Crawford D. C. , Nightingale S. , Bates D. , Tomlinson B. E. 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A 50-year-old man with a 20-year history of myelofibrosis developed mild impairment of dorsal column sensation and ataxia of gait. A myelogram and subsequent peroperative biopsy demonstrated spinal cord compression due to extramedullary haematopoiesis. There was an excellent clinical response to surgery and radiotherapy. The characteristic clinical features and the pathogenesis of this unusual complication of myelofibrosis and extramedullary haematopoiesis are discussed.
Ulcerative colitis treated by excision of the distal large bowel alone
Authors: Nakano G. , Ritchie J. K. , Thomson James P. S. 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Four patients with ulcerative colitis apparently limited to the rectum and distal sigmoid colon were treated by excision of the distal large bowel only, during the years 1964–1975 at St Mark’s Hospital. Two patients have remained well since with no further treatment and the other two have had symptoms of colonic disease and have responded to medical measures.
Cimetidine therapy does not prevent rebleeding from peptic ulceration
Authors: Carr-Locke D. L. , Taverner D. , Wicks A. C. 
Published: December 2008

Summary
One-hundred and five patients admitted to hospital with symptoms of acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage shown at endoscopy to be due to peptic ulceration were entered into a prospective double-blind controlled trial of cimetidine versus placebo therapy. The trial therapy was commenced within 12 hr of admission and continued for 7 days. Cimetidine therapy made no difference to the transfusion requirements, rebleeding rate or number of operations performed in patients with either gastric or duodenal ulcers, nor was it of benefit in patients aged over 65 years of age.
Complete rectal prolapse—the results of Ivalon sponge rectopexy
Authors: Anderson J. R. , Wilson B. G. , Parks T. G. 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Forty-two patients with complete rectal prolapse have been treated using the Ivalon sponge rectopexy. There was no operative mortality in this series and only one complete recurrence after an average follow-up of more than 4 years. Pelvic sepsis occurred in one patient and required removal of the sponge. The majority of the patients were satisfied with the results of surgery, despite some remaining incontinent.
Severe repetitive exercise and haematological status
Authors: Ross J. H. , Attwood E. C. 
Published: December 2008

Summary
The effects of severe repetitive exercise on certain haematological measurements were studied. Decreases in haematocrit and haemoglobin (13% in one group of participants) took place during the first 2 weeks but not the third week of increasingly severe exertion and the reasons for this are discussed. Haemolysis probably plays only a small part and plasma volume expansion is likely to be the main cause of this phenomenon. It is suggested that there is no stimulus for the haemoglobin concentration to be increased to match the increased plasma volume as tissue oxygen tension is maintained satisfactorily.
Twice-daily cimetidine does not increase gastric bacterial flora
Authors: Bourne J. T. , Mountford R. A. , Barry R. E. 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Thirty patients with peptic ulcer (20 duodenal, 10 gastric) underwent glucose-hydrogen (H2) breath tests before and after 6 weeks treatment with cimetidine, 400 mg twice daily. For the group as a whole, basal breath H2 and integrated H2 output over a 2.5 hr test period was unchanged by cimetidine treatment. We conclude that there was no evidence of significant gastric bacterial colonization following twice daily cimetidine treatment.
An unusual cause of variceal haemorrhage in an elderly patient
Authors: Somerville K. W. , Boyd R. V. , Ansell I. D. , Williams C. B. , Bell G. D. 
Published: December 2008

Summary
An elderly patient with nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver and hypothyroidism who presented with life-threatening bleeding from oesophageal varices is discussed. Progress has been uneventful following a semi-emergency portocaval shunt 5 years ago with no evidence of hepatic encephalopathy. This is presumably a tribute to the relatively well-preserved hepatic function in this condition.
Immuno-reconstitution by thymic transplant in DiGeorge’s syndrome
Authors: Daga S. R. , Siddiqui H. M. , Lokhande M. P. , Chandrashekhar L. , Prabhu P. G. , Kansaria B. N. 
Published: December 2008

SummaryPersistent hypocalcaemic tetany in a breast-fed neonate made us suspect DiGeorge’s syndrome, particularly as the baby had an abnormal facies, and a ventricular septal defect. Immuno-reconstitution was successfully achieved by thymic transplant. Evidence of immuno-reconstitution on the basis of the histology of the post-transplant thymus has not been previously recorded.
A study of two diuretic/potassium combinations in heart failure
Authors: Hussain M , Walton K , Davidson C , Morgan D B 
Published: December 2008

SummaryThe effect of potassium supplements was studied in 28 patients taking long term frusemide (40-80 mg daily). Plasma potassium fell when supplements were stopped, and rose towards prior values on the potassium/frusemide combination, Diumide K. In a crossover study in 14 of these patients comparing equivalent doses of frusemide, Diumide K (frusemide 40 mg, potassium 8 mmol), bumetanide, and Burinex K (bumetanide 0.5 mg, potassium 7.7 mmol) plasma potassium was lower on frusemide than on bumetanide. On Diumide K and Burinex K plasma potassium rose significantly but did not reach the levels on prior therapy. Small doses of potassium in combined formulations seem to be effective in countering the mild hypokalaemia caused by loop diuretics.
Enophthalmos as a rare manifestation of metastatic orbital involvement
Authors: de Keyser J , Bruyland M , de Greve J , Bernheim J , Ebinger G 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Two cases in which orbital metastasis produced enophthalmos, instead of the usual exophthalmos, are reported. Only fourteen other cases have been described previously and they are reviewed. At time of diagnosis of the enophthalmos, meningeal carcinomatosis coexisted in the first case and probably also in the second case. This association can lead to diagnostic errors with either the orbital metastasis or the meningeal carcinomatosis being missed. In addition, as in our second case, the enophthalmos can be the initial manifestation of cancer.
Coexisting primary hyperparathyroidism and Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy—an unusual association
Authors: Sasaki H , Tsutsu N , Asano T , Yamamoto T , Kikuchi M , Okumura M 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Primary hyperparathyroidism associated with Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy was diagnosed in a 22 year old Japanese woman, the second such case to be reported. Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO) appears to be associated with a larger number of disorders than the well recognized pseudohypoparathyroidism. AHO and pseudo-pseudohypoparathyroidism are essentially identical.
Perforated gastric ulcer
Authors: Wilson-Macdonald J , Mortensen N J McC , Williamson R C N 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Thirty-four patients presenting with gastric perforation over a ten year period were studied, retrospectively. Five patients (14%) died either as a result of delay in treatment or wrong diagnosis. In addition, 2 patients (6%) died from postoperative complications. Twelve patients (38%) were on potentially ulcerogenic drugs. Patients who had either simple closure of ulcers (n = 17) or partial gastrectomy (n = 6) had few symptoms at follow-up, but patients who underwent truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty (n = 7) had poorer results. There were 2 recurrent ulcers following simple closure.
Tolerability of combined treatment with verapamil and beta-blockers in angina resistant to monotherapy
Authors: McGourty J C , Silas J H , Solomon S A 
Published: December 2008

Summary
We have used a combination of a beta-blocker and verapamil to treat 42 consecutive patients with angina resistant to either agent alone. Patients with heart failure, heart block or uncontrolled hypertension were excluded. The mean duration of follow-up was 6.5 months. Thirty-six patients (81%) reported an improvement and the number of angina attacks was reduced from 17/week to 5/week. Side effects necessitated withdrawal of one or both drugs in 6 patients, 2 of whom developed bradyarrhythmias not solely related to drug treatment. The most common complication was mild left ventricular failure (6) treated by reducing or stopping the beta-blocker. The data suggest that the combination of verapamil and a beta-blocker may be used in a relatively unselected group of patients with difficult angina. However, as dosage adjustment and close observation may be necessary to minimise side effects, the use of this combination should be limited to hospital practice.
Hormonal and biochemical responses to transcendental meditation
Authors: Cooper R , Joffe B I , Lamprey J M , Botha A , Shires R , Baker S G , Seftel H C 
Published: December 2008

Summary
This study was designed to assess whether transcendental meditation (TM) could influence various endocrine responses in 10 experienced male meditators. Nine matched subjects, uninformed of the TM procedure, acted as controls. Meditators successfully practised their technique for 40 min in the morning while controls relaxed for this period. No significant differences emerged between these 2 groups with respect to carbohydrate metabolism (plasma glucose, insulin and pancreatic glucagon concentrations), pituitary hormones (growth hormone and prolactin) or the ‘stress’ hormones, cortisol and total catecholamines-although meditators tended to have higher mean catecholamine levels. Plasma free fatty acids were significantly elevated in meditators 40 min after completing the period of TM. No clear evidence was thus obtained that any of the stress, or stress-related, hormones were suppressed during or after meditation in the particular setting examined.
Low molecular weight measles immunoglobulin M in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and acute measles
Authors: Connolly J H , Simpson D M , Trudgett A , Hopkins A P 
Published: December 2008

SummaryThirty eight patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) were investigated. Five patients who previously had measles immunoglobulin M (IgM) detected in unfractionated serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) had measles IgM exclusively in the low molecular weight (LMW) fractions of serum and CSF. Measles IgM had previously not been found in unfractionated serum from 33 patients but was detected exclusively in the LMW fractions of serum from 30 patients. Seven children with acute measles had the expected high molecular weight (HMW) measles IgM in serum but 5 also had LMW measles IgM. Four young adults who had had measles in childhood had neither HMW nor LMW measles IgM in their sera.
Isolated adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) deficiency associated with acute adrenal crisis
Authors: Jialal I , Desai R K , Maharaj I C , Pala A S , Joubert S M 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A 37 year old black female presented with congestive cardiac failure, 2 months postpartum. She developed spontaneous hypoglycaemia and symptoms of acute adrenal crisis (hypotension, nausea, abdominal pain and tachycardia with small thready pulse), which responded to i.v. dextrose, sodium chloride and hydrocortisone. Biochemical investigations revealed low serum cortisol and plasma adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) levels. The patient initially showed an impaired cortisol response to intramuscular aqueous tetracosactrin, but an exuberant response after priming with intramuscular tetracosactrin depot. These findings, together with the normal remaining pituitary function, led us to conclude that this patient had isolated ACTH deficiency associated with congestive cardiac failure and acute adrenal crisis.
Repeat pituitary ablation for advanced prostatic cancer
Authors: Khan O , Allen J , Williams G , Mashiter K , Joplin G F 
Published: December 2008

Summary
An elderly male patient with advanced prostatic adenocarcinoma, requiring increasing analgesia, underwent interstitial pituitary irradiation by implantation of yttrium-90. He was temporarily relieved of his pain. Assessment of his anterior pituitary function showed only partial ablation. He therefore underwent a second implantation. This achieved complete ablation, and only when this was achieved did he experience full and sustained pain relief. We recommend assessment of anterior pituitary function in patients treated by pituitary ablation for carcinoma of the prostate, and especially in those in whom the disease progresses after initial success response.
Pleomorphic T-cell leukaemia in a Caucasian adult: clinical phenotypic and functional characteristics
Authors: Hawkey C J , Campbell A C , Bird G A , Gozzard D I , Robins R A , Toghill P J 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Pleomorphic T-cell leukaemia occurring in an adult Caucasian patient is described. The leukaemia cells expressed both antigenic determinants (T4 and T8) normally detected separately on either helper or suppressor cells. They functioned as helper cells and there was evidence of unbridled antibody production. It is possible that a distinctive subtype of pleomorphic T-cell leukaemia occurs in Caucasian patients.
Myocardial infarction and the normal arteriogram—possible role of viral myocarditis
Authors: O'Neill D , McArthur J D , Kennedy J A , Clements G 
Published: December 2008

Summary
In a prospective study we identified a group of 12 patients diagnosed as having acute myocardial infarction but with electrocardiographic features of non-transmural infarction and serological evidence of recent Coxsackie B infection favouring the possibility of myocarditis. The group included 9 females and 3 males, aged from 38–60 y. Coronary arteriography was carried out in 11 patients. Eight of the 11 patients showed no significant (≥ 50%) coronary arterial obstruction.
We suggest that coronary artery disease did not contribute to the clinical presentation in the majority of these patients and that the likely diagnosis was viral myocarditis in at least 6 of them. We conclude that viral myocarditis may simulate myocardial infarction and contribute to the uncommon but controversial syndrome of myocardial infarction with a normal coronary arteriogram.
Dopamine in the pituitary adaptation to starvation in man
Authors: Jung R T , Rosenstock J , Wood S M , Birch G , Chalmers R A , Mashiter K , Joplin G F 
Published: December 2008

Summary
To investigate the role of the dopaminergic system in the pituitary adaptation to energy deprivation, the effect of metoclopramide, a dopamine receptor blocker, on prolactin (PRL), TSH, FSH and LH secretion was investigated in 6 healthy men in the fed state and at 36 h starvation. All underwent a further 36 h of starvation on a separate occasion to assess the effect of starvation on the TSH and PRL responses to TRH and the LH and FSH responses to gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH). In all subjects starvation produced the expected reduction in serum T3 and an average decrease of 53% in the cumulative TSH response to TRH. The basal serum PRL and its response to TRH and metoclopramide remained unchanged with 36 h starvation. The FSH response to GnRH also remained unchanged, but the LH response was significantly greater during starvation. We conclude that factor(s) other than dopamine influence not only thyrotrophic activity but also other aspects of pituitary function during energy deprivation.
Galactorrhoea amenorrhoea syndrome due to internal carotid artery aneurysm
Authors: Garg S K , Dash R J 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A 32 year old female with hyperprolactinaemia-galactorrhoea-amenorrhoea due to a right internal carotid artery aneurysm just before its bifurcation is described. She had two episodes of subarachnoid haemorrhage necessitating an emergency internal carotid artery ligation. She responded to bromocriptine treatment with restoration of her menses, normalization of circulating prolactin and disappearance of galactorrhoea.
Coexistent ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease
Authors: Jones B J M , Gould S R , Pollock D J 
Published: December 2008

Summary
This case report describes a patient with chronic ulcerative colitis and epithelial dysplasia of 17 y duration ultimately complicated by colonic carcinoma. At laparotomy, clinically unsuspected but typical Crohn's disease of the terminal ileum was also found. The macroscopic and histological features of the resected terminal ileum were characteristic of Crohn's disease.
Severe aplastic anaemia following the use of hair dye: report of two cases and review of literature
Authors: Hopkins J E , Manoharan A 
Published: December 2008

Summary
We describe two female patients aged 31 and 62 y who developed severe aplastic anaemia following the use of hair dye containing para-toluenediamine. One received a bone marrow transplant but died after developing graft versus host disease and severe opportunistic infection. The second responded to treatment with methylprednisolone, oxymetholone and antithymocyte globulin and 3 y later she has a normal blood count apart from mild thrombocytopenia.
In this paper we also review previously described case reports of aplastic anaemia apparently associated with the use of hair dye.
Acute acalculous cholecystitis due to an incarcerated epigastric hernia
Authors: Goldman G , Rafael A J , Hanoch K 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A case of a 96 year old woman with an incarcerated gallbladder in an epigastric hernia causing acute acalculous cholecystitis is described. At operation the gallbladder was replaced in its anatomical site and the hernia was repaired. This unique case of acute acalculous cholecystitis demonstrates cystic duct obstruction and cystic vessel compression as possible aetiologies for this pathology.
The use of lumbar puncture in a district general hospital
Authors: Oliveira D B G 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A survey of lumbar punctures performed in adults in a district general hospital over a two year period was carried out. As well as being used for conventional, specific indications, lumbar puncture was often employed as a screening investigation in undiagnosed neurological illness. Although this was not inappropriate in patients with meningeal symptoms and signs, or patients with disordered consciousness, lumbar puncture was also used in patients with focal neurological signs. Although the dangers of lumbar puncture in these latter patients, and the fact that it is unlikely to yield information unobtainable by other investigations have been stated by many authorities, almost 20% of patients fell into this group. This suggests that these points require further emphasis.
Idiopathic periodic hypothermia and bizarre behaviour in the presence of occult syringomyelia
Authors: Gray H H , Smith L D R , Moore R H 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Overt psychological, neurological and haematological abnormalities were present in a 35 year old Jamaican female diagnosed as having idiopathic periodic hypothermia. Although symptoms and signs were ameliorated by warming, no long term satisfactory therapeutic measure was identified. Despite extensive clinical and subsequently histological investigation no cause for the hypothermia was found although she had clinically unsuspected cervical syringomyelia.
Protein losing enteropathy as a sole manifestation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: Konar A , Brown C B , Hancock B W , Moss S 
Published: December 2008

Summary
We describe a patient who presented with oedema and hypoproteinaemia which was proved to be due to protein-losing enteropathy. Extensive gastrointestinal investigations failed to discover any definitive cause. He subsequently developed tuberculous inguinal lymphadenopathy but although treated for tuberculosis the protein-losing state persisted. Later on he developed renal failure due to obstructive nephropathy. Laparotomy was carried out and it disclosed the diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, treatment of which cured the protein-losing state.