bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potency of lempuyang wangi (Zingiber zerumbet) as aldose reductase inhibitor: an alternative of anti-diabetes drugs
Authors: Minarno E B , Belina V S , Rimadhani D , Pramudja A A , Punjungsari T N , Jannah A , Imamudin M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aldose reductase is an enzyme that plays a role in glucose metabolism. An increase in aldose reductase will trigger an increase in blood sugar concentration by converting glucose to sorbitol. Increased sorbitol conditions will result in diabetes complications such as diabetic cataracts. So we need an inhibitor that can inhibit the working system of the aldose reductase enzyme. One of the medicinal plants that has anti-diabetic properties is lempuyang wangi. Lempuyang wangi has a secondary metabolite compound which has the potential as an antidiabetic. The purpose of this study was to examine the anti-diabetic properties of lempuyang wangi using the in silico method. In this research, docking was carried out with Pymol and Pyrx software, and visualization using Biovia Discovery Studio to see the interaction between zerumbone compounds and aldose reductase and compared with zopolrestat compounds. The docking result of zopolrestat as a comparison compound is -9 kcal/mol, while xanthorrhizol has a binding affinity value of -8,7 kcal/mol and has the same amino acid bonds with zopolrestat, making it a potential candidate as an antidiabetic herbal drug in inhibiting the working system of the aldose reductase enzyme
Endophytic fungi: isolated from Cosmos caudatus Kunth and Cosmos sulphureus Cav.: a histologic observation, identification, and secondary metabolites chemical analysis
Authors: Hastuti U S , Sulisetijono S , Zahida N S , Labibah S B , Abdini A , Pratama A W , Sulistiyowati N , Arlan L 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Cosmos caudatus and Cosmos sulphureus are sorts of plant commonly use for side dish vegetables. Some plant live in mutualism symbiotic interaction with some endophytic fungi that protect the host plant. This research is done to: 1) determine the endophytic fungi colonization in the Cosmos plant tissues by histologic observation, 2) isolation and identify the endophytic fungi species from Cosmos leaf, branch bark and flower petal tissues, 3) analyze alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and phenolic contents produced by the each endophytic fungi species. The endophytic fungi culture on PDA medium were cut into 5×1 cm in size and inoculated in PDB medium, then shake in the rate of 120 rpm for 7×24 hours. Afterwards the liquid centrifugated. The secondary metabolites contents were analyzed by using spectrophotometric method. This research result showed that: 1) the endophytic fungi position was found on the leaf palisade cell wall, epidermal cell wall, sponsa cell wall, neighbour cell wall; on the branch bark parenchyme cell wall; on the flower petal epidermis cell wall; 2) eleven endophytic fungi have been identified; 3) some variation in the secondary metabolites contents produced by each endophytic fungi.
Effectiveness of NPK (11-11-28) fertilizer on the growth and yield of shallot
Authors: Arifin Z , Aisyawati L , Anggraeni L , Krismawati A , Trijaya DS 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of NPK (11-11-28) fertilizer on the growth and yield of shallot. This research was carried out in Malang Regency on DS 2019, using of plot 3.5 m x 5 m with 9 treatments, using RBD, repeated 3 times. The treatment includes: A. Control, B. Half of Fertilization Recommended/HFR, C. HFR + NPK 2 g.l-1 water, D. HFR + NPK 4 g.l-1 water, E. HFR + NPK 6 g.l-1 water, F. Full of Fertilization Recommended/FFR, G. FFR + NPK 2 g.l-1 water, H. FFR + NPK 4 g.l-1 water, I. FFR + NPK 6 g.l-1 water. The results showed the application of NPK (11-11-28) fertilizer as much as 6 g.l-1 water combined with 150 kg Urea.ha-1 +250 kg ZA.ha-1 +100 kg SP36.ha-1 +100 kg KCl.ha-1 (treatment E) obtained of dry tuber weight of 14.28 t.ha-1 with an R/C ratio of 4.10. Applying liquid of NPK (11-11-28) fertilizer on shallot plants can reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers of full recommendation and is economically feasible.
The renewable energy sources impact on vernacular architecture’s ability to be built sustainably: case study of Rumah Gadang
Authors: Abidah D Y , Dewi R F , Muchlis N 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Rumah Gadang has the physical appearance of traditional architecture and was founded on human interaction with the environment. The natural resources of each area in Indonesia are said to have the greatest environmental effect on traditional vernacular architecture. Rumah Gadang is prominent for its ability to successfully combine elements of sustainability with a variety of other factors, including the environment, aesthetics, and social character. However, only a few studies discuss sustainability elements combination within Architecture Nusantara, Rumah Gadang. Therefore, this study will aim to reveal how these elements affect the sustainability of Rumah Gadang and how they contribute to the development of regional architectural styles. The qualitative method was used in this study with literature studies followed by descriptive analysis. The result of the study indicates two things, 1) The nature of these elements’ characteristics in Rumah Gadang fit with social, and environmental sustainability standards. 2) The descriptive analysis reveals that the impact of the variations in natural energy sources on these elements’ characteristics in Rumah Gadang is reflected in its physical appearance. The findings shown that Rumah Gadang’s architectural elements, including the Gonjong roof, wall linings, raised floor, openings, and stone foundation, respond to renewable energy sources based on sun, wind, and humidity factors. Rumah Gadang fulfills three pillars of sustainability: Social sustainability is achieved through traditional values and Minangkabau culture, while economic sustainability is achieved through regionally produced materials and construction methods. Lastly, the primary goal is to offer thermal comfort with minimal waste, making environmental sustainability the most crucial outcome component.
Utilization POME as growth substrate for local indigenous bacteria Bacillus sp. ALP D1 in producing biosurfactant
Authors: Damayana H , Nurhasanah  , Kiswandono A A , Juliasih N L G R , Bahri S 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) is a liquid palm oil waste that has beneficial value because of the nutritional content it contains. This research aim to obtain biosurfactant by using POME as a growth substrate. The methods used include biosurfactant production, extraction using acid precipitation, and characterization using TLC, FTIR, and LC-MS. The results showed that the local indigenous bacteria Bacillus sp. ALP D1 can produce biosurfactant under conditions of growth of POME 3%, NaNO3 3%, pH 6, salinity 7% with an IE24 of 69.44%, diameter of oil spreading test at 8.5 cm, and positive at drop collapse test. The extraction stage produces a brownish-yellow crude extract of 0.068 g/L. Biosurfactant characterization using TLC showed pink spots with ninhydrin reagent indicating the presence of nitrogen groups from peptide in the biosurfactant. This is supported by the results of FTIR analysis with the presence of an N-H peak from the peptide group in the absorption area 3384 cm-1. The results of the LC-MS analysis showed that the biosurfactant obtained had Rt 14.64 minutes and 332.22 m/z. Based on the results, it is suspected that the biosurfactant produced by Bacillus sp. ALP D1 is a lipopeptide.
Utilization of Ipomoea batatas L. tuber extract for the development of dye-sensitized solar cell with modified electrode from rice husk ash
Authors: Subagyo T , Wardana I N G , Widhiyanuriyawan D , Widodo A S 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A dye-sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) is a solar cell device that works based on electro photochemical principles in which sensitive dyes are absorbed in the layer of photoelectrode. The utilization of natural dyes as a substitute for high-cost material in DSSC has been developed. Purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) has high anthocyanin content, is safe to use, and has renewable properties that can be used as dyes in a layer of DSSC. Purple sweet potatoes contain a lot of fiber, carbohydrates, vitamins C and B1, and minerals needed in DSSC. The semiconductor compiler to produce solar cells is expensive and requires many. Rice husk has a relatively high silica content, about 87-97%, that can be used as a low-cost and environmentally friendly silicon. The result of this study showed the absorbance peak for the mixture of extract and rice husk ash at 320 nm. DSSC fabrication obtained the highest efficiency of 1.1 x 10-3 with Imax = 0.0015 mA and Vmax = 0.02 mV. The physical characteristics were observed using SEM and XRD. Natural dye from purple sweet potato and rice husk ash semiconductors can be alternatives for DSSC production.
The effect of molasses and yeast extract concentration on yeast growth as leavening agent for bread
Authors: Utami U , Nadiya R A , Harianie L 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Yeast is a microorganism that is widely used in food and industrial products, such as a fermentation agent in the production of bread dough from yeast biomass. The goal of this study to see how variation concentrations of molasses and yeast extract affect yeast growth parameters biomass and the live cells, as well as the quality of bread fermented by the yeast Candida tropicalis. The treatment media was repeated three times with a 50 ml mixture. Sugarcane molasses concentrations are 0.8, 0.9%, and 1% (w/v), while yeast extract concentrations are 0% and 0.75%. The ANOVA test results showed that the combination of molasses and yeast extract media had a significant effect on yeast biomass but had no effect on living cells number. The highest biomass gain of 0.47 g/50 ml was obtained with a combination treatment of molasses 8% and yeast extract 0.75%. However, the 0.9% molasses and 0% yeast extract treatment had the most cells, 12,24 x 106 cells/ml, and thus the isolate was used to make bread. Bread dough with C.tropicalis increased higher and faster than fermipan isolate. Based on organoleptic properties, the panelists liked the taste of bread dough with C.tropicalis as much as dough with fermipan.
Optical signatures of charge- and energy transfer in TMDC/TMDC and TMDC/perovskite heterostructures
Authors: Gillespie Sarah C , van der Laan Marco , Poonia Deepika , Maiti Sourav , Kinge Sachin , Siebbeles Laurens D A , Schall Peter 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Heterostructures (HSs) based on two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are highly intriguing materials because of the layers’ pronounced excitonic properties and their nontrivial contributions to the HS. These HSs exhibit unique properties that are not observed in either of the constituent components in isolation. Interlayer excitons (IEs), which are electron–hole pairs separated across the HSs, play a central role in determining these HS properties and are of interest both fundamentally and for device applications. In recent years, a major focus has been on understanding and designing HSs composed of two or more TMDC materials. Less attention has been paid to HSs composed of one TMDC layer and a layer of perovskite material. A central challenge in the understanding of HS properties is that basic measurements such as optical spectroscopic analysis can be misinterpreted due to the complexity of the charge transfer dynamics. Addressing these aspects, this review presents an overview of the most common and insightful optical spectroscopic techniques used to study TMDC/TMDC and TMDC/halide perovskite HSs. Emphasis is placed on the interpretation of these measurements in terms of charge transfer and the formation of IEs. Recent advances have started to uncover highly interesting phenomena, and with improved understanding these HSs offer great potential for device applications such as photodetectors and miniaturized optics.
Thermal deformation behavior and microstructure analysis of the as-cast super austenitic stainless steel Sanicro35
Authors: Li Yang , Li Min , Zhao Guanghui , Wei Yinghui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Thermal compression experiments on the super austenitic stainless steel Sanicro35 were carried out using a Gleeble 3800 thermal simulation laboratory machine to investigate its thermal deformation behavior at different deformation temperatures (900 °C–1150 °C) and strain rates (0.001–10 s−1). The microstructure of the large deformation zone of the specimen was investigated using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The results show that the thermal compression rheological stress of the super austenitic stainless steel Sanicro35 decreases with increasing temperature and decreasing strain rate. Dynamic recrystallization (DRX) is the main softening mechanism for this material. The morphology characteristics, recrystallization fraction, dislocation density and twin grain boundary distribution of the microstructure were analyzed by EBSD. With the increase of deformation temperature, the higher grain boundary mobility contributed to the growing of DRX grains. As the strain rate increases, the larger deformation storage energy provides sufficient activation energy for DRX grain nucleation, and the nucleation of DRX grains becomes denser. The twin boundaries are mainly distributed within the DRX grains. The smaller the grain size of DRX, the denser the nucleation of twin boundaries, and the generation of twins can promote the development of DRX. The softening mechanism under most deformation conditions is discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX). However, at 10 s−1, the high strain rate causes microbands to be generated within the deformed grains, and the microband boundaries evolve toward the high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) with increasing temperature, which promotes the occurrence of Continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX).
Estimating domestic water usage in a tropical environment: exploring socio-demographic perspectives
Authors: Ogunbode Timothy O , Odusina Emmanuel K , Oyebamiji Victor O , Owoeye Michael O , Afolabi Christiana O 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Water demand at any given time, particularly at the household level, depends on various factors, including climatic variables, social, economic, and demographic factors. Achieving consistent availability and accessibility, coupled with effective resource management, is crucial, particularly in tropical regions. Understanding all these variables is essential to achieving these goals. This research aimed to assess the impact of ten socio-demographic variables on predicting household water demand in Iwo. Two hundred and twenty-five households were randomly selected, with 196 completing and returning the survey. Both descriptive and multivariate analyses, specifically Factor and Regression Analysis, were employed to analyse the data. Factor analysis (FA) identified four variables: (i) housing characteristics; (ii) marital status; (iii) income level; and (iv) gender distribution, in that sequence. These four variables collectively accounted for 68.608% of the variance in household water demand in Iwo. This outcome underscores the importance of giving due consideration to these variables in water supply planning by relevant authorities. The study contributes to a better understanding and quantification of the significant variables influencing household water demand. However, it is advisable that future investigations into household water use incorporate additional variables beyond socio-demographic factors to comprehensively comprehend factors influencing water demand at the household level.
Influence of soil characteristics on the concentrations of Cr, Pb, and Zn in tobacco leaves from Longyan, China, and the associated predictive models
Authors: Ping Yuanye , Xi Wei , Cai Haiyang , Tan Qian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In Longyan City, Fujian Province, a hub for premium tobacco in China, our study explored the connection between soil properties and heavy metal levels in tobacco leaves, focusing on chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn). We observed that the soil’s average concentrations for Cr, Pb, and Zn were 0.165, 9.53, and 5.17 mg kg−1, respectively. In stark contrast, tobacco leaves presented elevated mean concentrations of these metals, measuring 0.936, 2.19, and 102 mg/kg for Cr, Pb, and Zn, respectively. This disparity was further highlighted by the soil’s exceedance rates for Pb and Zn at 2.93% and 0.472%, and the significantly higher enrichment coefficients in tobacco, 23.1 for Pb and 19.7 for Zn, compared to Cr, suggesting a substantial health risk. Our study identified critical soil parameters, including pH, organic matter, and levels of available potassium and phosphorus, as influential factors determining heavy metal content in tobacco. Utilizing these findings, we formulated predictive regression models for estimating Cr, Pb, and Zn concentrations in tobacco leaves. The regression models for estimating the concentrations of chromium, lead, and zinc in tobacco leaves are as detailed below: YCr = 0.889 + 0.001 * XK + 0.001 * XN − 0.005 * XOM + 0.101 * XCr (R2 = 0.852), YPb = 2.608–0.069 * XpH − 0.001 * XN + 0.008 * XZn + 0.01 * XPb (R2 = 0.738) and YZn = 101.892–0.141 * XP + 0.32 * XOM − 0.123 * XPb + 0.614 * XZn (R2 = 0.801), respectively. These offering essential tools for assessing and controlling heavy metal risks in tobacco cultivation within the region.
A numerical Poisson solver with improved radial solutions for a self-consistent locally scaled self-interaction correction method
Authors: Chang Po-Hao , Buschmann Zachary , Zope Rajendra R 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The universal applicability of density functional approximations is limited by self-interaction error made by these functionals. Recently, a novel one-electron self-interaction-correction (SIC) method that uses an iso-orbital indicator to apply the SIC at each point in space by scaling the exchange-correlation and Coulomb energy densities was proposed. The locally scaled SIC (LSIC) method is exact for the one-electron densities, and unlike the well-known Perdew–Zunger SIC (PZSIC) method recovers the uniform electron gas limit of the uncorrected density functional approximation, and reduces to PZSIC method as a special case when isoorbital indicator is set to the unity. Here, we present a numerical scheme that we have adopted to evaluate the Coulomb potential of the electron density scaled by the iso-orbital indicator required for the self-consistent LSIC calculations. After analyzing the behavior of the finite difference method (FDM) and the green function solution to the radial part of the Poisson equation, we adopt a hybrid approach that uses the FDM for the Coulomb potential due to the monopole and the GF for all higher-order terms. The performance of the resultant hybrid method is assessed using a variety of systems. The results show improved accuracy than earlier numerical schemes. We also find that, even with a generic set of radial grid parameters, accurate energy differences can be obtained using a numerical Coulomb solver in standard density functional studies.
Optimization of PEMFC pressure control using fractional PI/D controller with non-integer order: design and experimental evaluation
Authors: Routh Avijit , Ghosh Sankhadeep , Dey Indranil , Rahaman Mehabub , Ghosh Avijit 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The fuel-based proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell is a promising technology for clean energy production owing to the several advantages including high efficiency (around 80% theoretical), quiet in operation, and almost zero emission as compared to conventional internal combustion engine. Only hydrogen and oxygen are supplied at the anode and cathode, respectively to generate power and water is produced as by product. However, it suffers to achieve its maximum theoretical efficiency due to lack of flow/pressure management of hydrogen and oxygen in the PEMFC stack which also causes flooding within the cell and reduce the performance of the catalyst and reduces the efficiency. The higher efficiency can be achieved with the proper control of the hydrogen and oxygen inlet flow rate and pressure at the PEMFC. Since it’s crucial to maintaining a consistent supply of exponential pressure, the main focus of this work is pressure regulation at the PEMFC cathode side. A fractional PI/D controller is designed to operate the PEMFC system more realistically. There are three primary objectives of this research work. In the first step, monitoring the PEMFC operating pressure to find out the suitable fractional PI-D controller for a given resilience level, which has the lowest Integration Absolute Error (IAE) to disturbances. The robustness level and/or threshold peak is considered as a tuning parameter for the evaluation. Second, compare the best IAE performance of the fractional PI-D controller with that of simple SIMC rules, where a certain level of resilience is achieved by varying the SIMC tuning variable. Through this comparison, the effectiveness of the recommended controller in achieving the optimal plant performance is evaluated. Thirdly, design a non-integer order PEMFC plant with a fractional controller using MATLAB software and compare the results with existing models. This comparison provides insight into the practical performance of the proposed controller. The results shows that the developed fractional PI/D controller is able to control the pressure very efficiently at the PEMFC cathode side. The findings further emphasise on the important to consider the resilience and robustness levels at the time of developing control systems for PEMFCs. The efficacy of the suggested unique technique is further confirmed by contrasting the suggested controller with the developed models.
Active robotic search for victims using ensemble deep learning techniques
Authors: García-Samartín Jorge F , Cruz Ulloa Christyan , del Cerro Jaime , Barrientos Antonio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In recent years, legged quadruped robots have proved to be a valuable support to humans in dealing with search and rescue operations. These robots can move with great ability in complex terrains, unstructured environments or regions with many obstacles. This work employs the quadruped robot A1 Rescue Tasks UPM Robot (ARTU-R) by Unitree, equipped with an RGB-D camera and a lidar, to perform victim searches in post-disaster scenarios. Exploration is done not by following a pre-planned path (as common methods) but by prioritising the areas most likely to harbour victims. To accomplish that task, both indirect search and next best view techniques have been used. When ARTU-R gets inside an unstructured and unknown environment, it selects the next exploration point from a series of candidates. This operation is performed by comparing, for each candidate, the distance to reach it, the unexplored space around it and the probability of a victim being in its vicinity. This probability value is obtained using a Random Forest, which processes the information provided by a convolutional neural network. Unlike other AI techniques, random forests are not black box models; humans can understand their decision-making processes. The system, once integrated, achieves speeds comparable to other state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of exploration, but concerning victim detection, the tests show that the resulting smart exploration generates logical paths—from a human point of view—and that ARTU-R tends to move first to the regions where victims are present.