bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Errors in response calculations for extensional vibrations of bars
Authors: Wada H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe transient extensional vibrations of a slender and uniform bar, which is clamped at one end and is subjected to an axial force at the other free end, are investigated by applying three methods: the Laplace transform method, the normal mode and Newmark β methods in conjunction with the finite element method (FEM); the errors caused by the spatial discretization of the FEM and the direct integration of the Newmark β method are studied and compared with those of the previous paper where the flexural vibrations of a cantilever beam were considered. The reason why the extensional vibration problem is investigated here is that the condition seems to be severe due to the closeness of adjacent natural frequencies, the larger values of natural frequencies and the smaller number of nodal variables of the FEM in comparison with those of the flexural vibration problem. The numerical results show that the errors in response of the extensional vibration problem are large. However, if one follows the criterion proposed in this paper, accurate response is obtainable by the Newmark β method, which requires less computer time than either of the other methods mentioned above.
Earthquake response spectra taking account of number of response cycles
Authors: Kawashima Kazuhiko , Aizawa Koh 
Published: March 2007

AbstractProposed is a new definition of earthquake response spectra, which takes account of the number of response cycles N. The Nth largest amplitude of absolute acceleration response of a linear oscilator with natural period T and damping ratio h, which is subjected to ground motion at its base, is defined as SA(T, h, N). By defining a reduction factor η(T, h, N) as SA(T, h, N)/SA(T, h, 1), characteristics of η(T, h, N) were investigated based on 394 components of strong motion records obtained in Japan. Two practical empirical formulae to assess the reduction factor η(T, h, N) are proposed.
Attenuation of peak ground acceleration, velocity and displacement based on multiple regression analysis of japanese strong motion records
Authors: Kawashima Kazuhiko , Aizawa Koh , Takahashi Kazuyuki 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis paper presents the result of multiple regression analysis of 197 sets of two orthogonal horizontal strong motion acceleration records. They were obtained at 67 free field sites in Japan from 90 earthquakes with focal depth less than 60 km. Because sensitivity of the Japanese SMAC accelerograph is appreciably low at the high frequency range, instrument correction was performed on the original data. Each pair of two orthogonal horizontal components was combined in the time domain to get the maximum peak ground motions in the horizontal plane.The records were classified into three groups due to subsoil condition. With the use of multiple regression analysis, empirical formulae of attenuation of the maximum peak ground acceleration, velocity and displacement were proposed for three subsoil conditions.
Developing a parenting skills‐and‐support intervention for mothers with eating disorders and pre‐school children part 1: qualitative investigation of issues to include
Authors: Bryant‐Waugh Rachel , Turner Hannah , East Philippa , Gamble Caroline 
Published: March 2007

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to (i) identify themes and issues that might usefully be addressed in a skills‐and‐support intervention for mothers with eating disorders who have children less than 5 years of age, and (ii) determine the most appropriate format for such an intervention.MethodFocus groups and individual interviews were conducted with seven mothers with eating disorders and pre‐school children, and four local health professionals working with mothers of pre‐school children.ResultsThematic analysis of interview transcripts revealed 10 themes: ‘Passing on Traits’, ‘Food Preparation and Provision’, ‘Interactions Around Food and Mealtimes’, ‘Mother's Intake’, ‘Self Care’, ‘Self Identity and Parental Expectations’, ‘Impact on General Parent–Child Relationship’, ‘Need for Control’, ‘The Group Experience’ and ‘Practicalities and Format’.DiscussionFindings highlight a number of difficulties and concerns experienced by mothers with eating disorders who have pre‐school age children. An intervention incorporating the identified themes could provide important support to this patient group and potential benefit to their offspring. © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Lysyl oxidase‐like 2 expression is increased in colon and esophageal tumors and associated with less differentiated colon tumors
Authors: Fong Sheri F. T. , Dietzsch Erin , Fong Keith S. K. , Hollosi Peter , Asuncion Lloyd , He QingPing , Parker M. Iqbal , Csiszar Katalin 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLysyl oxidase‐like 2 (LOXL2) belongs to an amine oxidase family whose members have been implicated in crosslink formation in stromal collagens and elastin, cell motility, and tumor development and progression. We previously demonstrated the association between increased LOXL2 expression and invasive/metastatic behavior in human breast cancer cells and mouse squamous and spindle cell carcinomas, interaction between LOXL2 and SNAIL in epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, and localization of the LOXL2 gene to 8p21.2–21.3, within a minimally deleted region in several cancers, including colon and esophagus. In the present study, we analyzed LOXL2 expression in colon and esophageal tumors, and explored methylation as a regulator of LOXL2 expression. Immunohistochemistry using normal tissues demonstrated intracellular localization of LOXL2 in colonic enteroendocrine cells and esophageal squamous cells at the luminal surface, but not in mitotically active cells. Tissue array analysis of 52 colon adenocarcinomas and 50 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas revealed presence of LOXL2 expression in 83 and 92% of the samples, respectively, and a significant association between increased number of LOXL2‐expressing cells and less‐differentiated colon carcinomas. We determined that the methylation status of the 1150 bp 5′ CpG island may contribute to the regulation of the gene. Loss of heterozygosity studies, using a microsatellite within intron 4 of the LOXL2 gene, revealed that loss of LOXL2 was unlikely to play a major role in either colon or esophageal tumors. These results suggest that increased LOXL2 expression in colon and esophageal cancer may contribute to tumor progression. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An examination of groundwater within the Hawara Pyramid, Egypt
Authors: Keatings K. , Tassie G.J. , Flower R.J. , Hassan F.A. , Hamdan M.A.R. , Hughes M. , Arrowsmith C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe Hawara Pyramid is an outstanding monument. However, the mudbrick structure shows signs of erosion, and the passages and chambers are currently submerged. The problem of water ingress has mainly arisen since the 1880s. In this study, an initial assessment of the pyramid structure was made and causes of water ingress were investigated through analysis of water samples. Stable oxygen isotope measurements indicate that the source of water within the pyramid is the Bahr Selah canal. Water within the pyramid is highly saline compared to the Bahr Selah, and evaporation can only partly account for this high salinity. The composition of dissolved ions suggests that dissolution of salts in soils and from bedrock in the vicinity of the pyramid has enhanced the salinity of water percolating into the pyramid structure. Water ingress and salt deposition are at present the main threat to the integrity of the monument. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Subthreshold depression in patients with Parkinson's disease and dementia––clinical and demographic correlates
Authors: Ehrt Uwe , Brønnick Kolbjørn , De Deyn Peter Paul , Emre Murat , Tekin Sibel , Lane Roger , Aarsland Dag 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBackgroundAbout 40% of the patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have depressive symptoms, either major depression (MD) or subthreshold depression. Depression was found to be associated with age and age at onset of PD, female gender, more severe parkinsonism, in particular with left‐sided and akinetic‐rigid symptoms, more functional impairment and cognitive impairment.However, the findings are inconsistent and partly contradictory and most of the studies focused on major depression in PD without dementia.The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between subthreshold depression and other clinical features in 538 PD patients with dementia but without MD drawn from a randomized, placebo‐controlled multicentre trial of rivastigmine in PD.ResultsOne hundred and sixteen patients (21%) had subthreshold depression. Depression was associated with a younger age and age at onset and female gender, but not with severity of parkinsonism, cognition or activities of daily living or laterality of motor symptoms. However, in male patients, an association between depression and left‐sided parkinsonism was found.ConclusionIn contrast to previous findings in PD patients with major depression but without dementia, we found no relationship between subthreshold depression and other clinical symptoms in patients with PDD. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A cluster randomised controlled trial to reduce the unmet needs of people with dementia living in residential care
Authors: Orrell Martin , Hancock Geraldine , Hoe Juanita , Woods Bob , Livingston Gill , Challis David 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBackgroundOlder people with dementia living in residential care have complex unmet needs and decreased quality of life.AimTo reduce unmet needs in older people with dementia in residential care compared to a ‘care as usual’ control group.MethodA single blind, multicentre, cluster randomised controlled trial recruited 238 people aged 60+ with dementia living in 24 residential homes from three areas. Unmet needs were measured using the Camberwell Assessment of Needs for the Elderly (CANE) and quality of life using the Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease (QoL‐AD). Homes were randomised to the control (care as usual) or the intervention group 1 hour per week liaison input per home to deliver a personalised intervention package over a 20 weeks to meet the unmet needs.ResultsA single blind follow‐up included 192 (81%) available participants. At follow‐up the total number of unmet needs was reduced in both the intervention and control groups, but analysing the groups by clusters there were no significant differences in either unmet needs or quality of life.ConclusionsThe unmet needs of people with dementia can be identified using the CANE. The CANE assessment may have led to unmet needs being reduced at follow up, but the liaison intervention did not significantly reduce total unmet needs relative to the control group. Unmet needs such as sensory problems, mobility, drugs, and psychological distress were especially reduced in the intervention group at follow up. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new computer program for QSAR‐analysis: ARTE‐QSAR
Authors: Damme Sofie Van , Bultinck Patrick 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new computer program has been designed to build and analyze quantitative–structure activity relationship (QSAR) models through regression analysis. The user is provided with a range of regression and validation techniques. The emphasis of the program lies mainly in the validation of QSAR models in chemical applications. ARTE‐QSAR produces an easy interpretable output from which the user can conclude if the obtained model is suitable for prediction and analysis. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2007.
Modifications in chromatin morphology and organization during sheep oogenesis
Authors: Russo Valentina , Martelli Alessandra , Berardinelli Paolo , Di Giacinto Oriana , Bernabò Nicola , Fantasia Donatella , Mattioli Mauro , Barboni Barbara 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis research has been designed to study the major events of nuclear remodeling that characterize sheep oocytes during the early stage of folliculogenesis (transition from preantral to antral stage). In particular, the modifications in large‐scale chromatin configuration, the global DNA methylation, and the process of telomere elongation have been investigated as crucial events of oocyte nuclear maturity. In addition, the spatio‐temporal distribution of the major enzymes involved in DNA methylation, the DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1), and in telomere elongation, telomerase catalytic subunit (TERT), have been described. To these aims, the nuclei of isolated oocytes were investigated using immunocytochemistry and Q‐FISH analyses. In absence of preliminary information, these nuclear determinants were compared with those of fully competent germ cells obtained from medium and preovulatory antral follicles. The nuclei of sheep oocytes acquired a condensed chromatin configuration, stable high levels of global DNA methylation, and a definitive telomere length already in the majority of late growing stage oocytes (110 μm) derived from early antral follicles. In addition, while the process of methylation resulted strictly related to oocyte diameter, the telomeric program appeared to be highly chromatin configuration‐dependent. The translocation of Dnmt1 and TERT from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in the oocytes derived from early antral follicles seems to confirm the definitive chromatin asset of these germ cells. In conclusion, changes in large‐scale chromatin structure, epigenesis, and telomere size in the sheep are established prior to oocyte acquires the ability to resume meiosis. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tutte sets in graphs I: Maximal tutte sets and D‐graphs
Authors: Bauer D. , Broersma H. J. , Morgana A. , Schmeichel E. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA well‐known formula of Tutte and Berge expresses the size of a maximum matching in a graph G in terms of what is usually called the deficiency of G. A subset X of V(G) for which this deficiency is attained is called a Tutte set of G. While much is known about maximum matchings, less is known about the structure of Tutte sets. In this article, we study the structural aspects of maximal Tutte sets in a graph G. Towards this end, we introduce a related graph D(G). We first show that the maximal Tutte sets in G are precisely the maximal independent sets in its D‐graph D(G), and then continue with the study of D‐graphs in their own right, and of iterated D‐graphs. We show that G is isomorphic to a spanning subgraph of D(G), and characterize the graphs for which G≅D(G) and for which D(G)≅D2(G). Surprisingly, it turns out that for every graph G with a perfect matching, D3(G)≅D2(G). Finally, we characterize bipartite D‐graphs and comment on the problem of characterizing D‐graphs in general. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 55: 343–358, 2007
Tough spiders
Authors: Kaiser Tomáš , Král Daniel , Stacho Ladislav 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSpider graphs are the intersection graphs of subtrees of subdivisions of stars. Thus, spider graphs are chordal graphs that form a common superclass of interval and split graphs. Motivated by previous results on the existence of Hamilton cycles in interval, split and chordal graphs, we show that every 3/2‐tough spider graph is hamiltonian. The obtained bound is best possible since there are (3/2 – ε)‐tough spider graphs that do not contain a Hamilton cycle. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 56: 23–40, 2007
T‐joins intersecting small edge‐cuts in graphs
Authors: Kaiser Tomáš , Škrekovski Riste 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn an earlier paper 3, we studied cycles in graphs that intersect all edge‐cuts of prescribed sizes. Passing to a more general setting, we examine the existence of T‐joins in grafts that intersect all edge‐cuts whose size is in a given set A ⊆{1,2,3}. In particular, we characterize all the contraction‐minimal grafts admitting no T‐joins that intersect all edge‐cuts of size 1 and 2. We also show that every 3‐edge‐connected graft admits a T‐join intersecting all 3‐edge‐cuts. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 56: 64–71, 2007
Engineering molecular recognition of endoxylanase enzymes and their inhibitors through phage display
Authors: Beliën Tim , Van Campenhout Steven , Bosch An Vanden , Bourgois Tine M. , Rombouts Sigrid , Robben Johan , Courtin Christophe M. , Delcour Jan A. , Volckaert Guido 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSpecific binding of interacting proteins generally depends on a limited set of amino acid residues located at the contact interface. We have applied a phage‐display‐based screening method to simultaneously evaluate the role of multiple residues of endo‐β‐1,4‐xylanase enzymes in conferring binding specificity towards two different endoxylanase inhibitors. Seven residues of the two β‐strand ‘thumb’ region of Trichoderma longibrachiatum endo‐β‐1,4‐xylanase XynII were targeted for randomization. The generated combinatorial library representing 62 208 site‐directed variants was displayed on the surface of filamentous phage and selected against xylanase inhibitor protein (XIP) and Triticum aestivum xylanase inhibitor (TAXI). DNA sequence analysis of phagemid panning isolates provided information on the occurrence of particular amino acids at distinct positions. In particular, residues at positions 124 (Asn) and 131 (Thr) were found to be critical for specific inhibitor binding. These residue predictions derived from the combinatorial exploration of the thumb region and accompanying sequence analyses were experimentally confirmed by testing the inhibitor sensitivity of a limited set of recombinantly expressed XynII mutants. In addition, we successfully altered the inhibition susceptibility of the bacterial Bacillus subtilis endoxylanase XynA from XIP‐insensitive to XIP‐sensitive. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of flavor and perfume using an internally cooled coated fiber device
Authors: Chen Yong , Begnaud Frédéric , Chaintreau Alain , Pawliszyn Janusz 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA miniaturized internally cooled coated fiber device was applied for the analysis of flavors and fragrances from various matrices. Its integration with a CTC CombiPAL autosampler enabled high throughput for the analysis of analytes in complex matrices that required simultaneous heating of the matrices and cooling of the fiber coating to achieve high extraction efficiency. It was found that up to ten times increase of extraction efficiencies was observed when the device was used to extract flavor compounds in water, even when limited sample temperatures were used to preserve the integrity of target compounds. The extraction of the flavor compounds in water with the device was reproducible, with RSD not larger than 15%. The lower limits of the linear ranges were in the low ppb range, which was about one order of magnitude smaller than those obtained with the commercialized 100 μm PDMS fibers. Exhaustive extraction of some perfume ingredients from a complex matrix (shampoo) was realized. All achieved recoveries were not less than 80%. The repeatability of the extraction of the perfume compounds from shampoo was better than 10%. The linear ranges were about 1–3000 μg/g, and the LOD was about 0.2–1 μg/g. The automated internally cooled coated fiber device was demonstrated to be a powerful sample preparation tool in flavor and fragrance analysis.
Exploring solvent versatility in immobilized cellulose‐based chiral stationary phase for the enantioselective liquid chromatographic resolution of racemates
Authors: Ghanem Ashraf 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChiralpak IB, a new chiral stationary phase (CSP) containing cellulose tris(3,5‐dimethylphenylcarabamate) immobilized onto silica gel, is investigated for the direct enantioselective separation of a set of racemic N‐alkylated barbiturates and analogs of thalidomide alkylated in position 3 of the piperidin‐2,6‐dione ring using different nonstandard solvents such as dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate, THF, methyl tert‐butyl ether as an eluent and diluent, respectively, in HPLC. The separation, resolution, and elution order of the investigated compounds were compared on both immobilized and coated cellulose tris(3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate) CSPs (Chiralpak IB and Chiralcel OD, respectively) using a mixture of n‐hexane/2‐propanol (90:10 v/v) as mobile phase with different flow‐rates and fixed UV detection at 254 nm. The effect of the immobilization of the cellulose tris‐(3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate) CSP on silica (Chiralpak IB) on the chiral recognition ability was noted as the coated phase (Chiralcel OD) possesses a higher resolving power in some cases than the immobilized one (Chiralpak IB). However, a few racemates, which were not or poorly resolved on the immobilized Chiralpak IB or the coated Chiralcel OD when using standard solvents were most efficiently resolved on the immobilized Chiralpak IB upon using nonstandard solvents. Furthermore, the immobilized phase withstands the nonstandard (prohibited) HPLC solvents mentioned previously when used as eluents or as a dissolving agent for the analyte itself. An example of inversion or apparent inversion of elution order on Chiralpak IB is reported. The direct analysis of a spiked plasma sample extracted using DCM on Chiralpak IB is also shown.
Recipient and Donor Factors Influence the Incidence of Graft-Vs.-Host Disease in Liver Transplant Patients
Authors: Chan Edie Y. , Larson Anne M. , Gernsheimer Terry B. , Kowdley Kris V. , Carithers Robert L. , Reyes Jorge D. , Perkins James D. 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Acute cellular graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) following liver transplantation has an incidence of 1 to 2% and a mortality rate of 85%. Our aim was to identify a patient population at high risk for developing GVHD using a large clinical database to study both recipient and donor factors. We compared our liver transplant patients who developed GVHD to those that did not for recipient and donor factors and combinations of factors. For 2003–2004 we had 205 first-time liver transplant patients surviving >30 days. From this group, 4 (1.9%) developed GVHD. Compared to the control group, there were no significant differences in recipient age, recipient gender, donor age, donor gender, total ischemia time, donor-recipient human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatch, or donor-recipient age difference. Percentages of liver disease etiologies among the patients who developed GVHD were as follows: 16% (1/6) autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) (P = 0.003), 5.6% (3/54) alcoholic liver disease (ALD) (P = 0.057), and 7.1% (3/42) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (P = 0.026). The incidence of GVHD in patients with glucose intolerance (either Type I or Type II diabetes mellitus [DM]) was significant (P = 0.022). Focusing on patients only with high-risk factors for GVHD during the years 2003–2005, we had 19 such patients. Four of these high-risk patients developed GVHD. Three of these 4 patients had received a donor liver with steatosis of degree ≥mild compared to only 2 of the 15 high-risk patients who did not develop GVHD (P = 0.037). In conclusion, we have identified liver transplant patients with AIH or the combination of ALD, HCC, and glucose intolerance who receive a steatotic donor liver as being at high risk for developing GVHD. Liver Transpl 13:516–522, 2007. © 2007 AASLD.