bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compositional and surface changes of retrieved stainless-steel hardware and its effects on surrounding soft tissues: A prospective study
Authors: James K , Uppada Uday Kiran , Bharadwaj B , Swayampakula Himaja 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
To evaluate the surface, compositional, and histological changes in the overlying soft tissues of retrieved stainless-steel mini-plates and screws used for rigid internal fixation in the maxillofacial skeleton.

Materials and Method:
A prospective study was conducted comprising 60 patients who sustained maxillofacial trauma and underwent ORIF in our unit previously and who required hardware retrieval in the post-operative phase. The retrieved hardware was evaluated for surface and compositional changes with the help of a scanning electron microscope for surface roughness and corrosion changes. Energy-dispersive X-ray study was done to know the composition and metal release from the hardware. The data obtained from these results were compared with a control unused and a sterile stainless-steel mini-plate and screw. The effects of the corrosion changes of this hardware on the adjacent soft tissues were evaluated histologically to assess the cellular changes of the soft tissue cover overlying the stainless-steel mini-plates and screws.

Results:
A total of 96 stainless-steel mini-plates and 380 stainless-steel screws were retrieved from 60 patients. The control plate was smooth without any surface and corrosion defects, while the retrieved mini-plates irrespective of the reason for removal have shown surface roughness. Fe and Ni ions were found to be significantly reduced in the retrieved mini-plates. The presence of CrC in the retrieved plates indicates corrosion, which was seen only in hardware retrieved from symptomatic patients. The histological study revealed chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate with hyalinized connective tissue in all the samples irrespective of the reason for the removal of the plate.

Conclusion:
Stainless-steel mini-plates and screws act as a potent foreign body material and initiate a localized inflammatory reaction due to its corrosive products with longer duration of stay. Hence, the authors advocate the overall shift in the use of stainless-steel hardware to titanium hardware for ORIF.
Bullous erythema multiforme secondary to fluconazole intake: A unique case report managed with photobiomodulation therapy
Authors: Siqueira Juliana Mota , Palma Luiz Felipe , Campos Luana 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
While fluconazole use is generally considered safe and well-tolerated, there has been an increasing number of reports regarding several adverse events. Therefore, the present study aimed to present a unique case in which photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) was employed to manage bullous erythema multiforme lesions secondary to fluconazole intake. A 32-year-old female patient sought emergency dental care due to painful orofacial lesions that had developed two days after oral fluconazole use for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. Given the acute clinical features, a diagnosis of bullous erythema multiforme secondary to fluconazole was established. Prednisone 20 mg was then prescribed for five days, and fluconazole intake was immediately discontinued. As the initial treatment strategies failed to show improvement in the clinical condition, three PBMT sessions were proposed every other day. Within seven days, almost complete wound healing was observed, and any pain complaints were no longer present. The resolution of orofacial lesions within a short period suggests that PBMT could be a promising tool for managing drug-induced bullous erythema multiforme. However, more studies are needed to confirm this statement.
Evidence-based effectiveness of Ozone therapy in the treatment for oral lichen planus – A systematic review
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Srivastava Adit , Sah Neha , Sah Sonam , Nair Vinayalekshmy I. N. , Das Aruna , Singh Akhilesh Kumar 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Oral lichen planus is a common, chronic mucocutaneous condition of uncertain origin. Early treatment of OLP can dramatically reduce the risk of further development, which in turn reduces the risk of developing cancer. Numerous methods can be used to treat OLP. Since the significance of ozone in treating this disease is still uncertain. This systematic review was conducted based on english databases, including PUBMED, SCOPUS, Embase, Ovid, and Journal of Web up to July 2022. We used the search phrases “ozone,” “ozone in the treatment of oral lichen planus,” “oral lichen planus,” and “ozone therapy.” Finally, five papers were selected for qualitative analysis. This review included a total of five papers, four of which were clinical trials and one was a longitudinal study. All studies included the erosive form of OLP, also ozone therapy was applied to patients who did not respond to conventional treatment. Ozone showed significant therapeutic effects in terms of reduction in pain and size of the lesion. The signs and symptoms associated with OLP such as burning sensation, lesion size, and scarring all considerably improved with ozone therapy.
Odontogenic keratocysts: A retrospective histopathological study
Authors: Urs Aadithya Basavaraj , Kumar Priya , Singh Shivani , Mohanty Sujata , Chaudhary Zainab 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is an aggressive recurrent cyst with intriguing features. Various factors such as the surgical procedure are involved, and certain histological features contribute to its recurrence. We assessed the clinical, radiographic, and histopathological data of OKCs to better comprehend the true nature of this cyst.

Material and Methods:
A total of 58 lesions including four cases in association with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) were assessed. Radiographic features and histopathological features within the epithelium and capsule were assessed.

Results:
72% of cases were seen in males and 28% in females. 43% of cases were seen in the mandibular ramus, and 65% exhibited unilocular radiolucency. 95% showed true parakeratinization. Cuboidal basal cell morphology was seen in 41.3% of cases and reversal of polarity in 60%. Basal budding, rete pegs, and mitosis were also observed within the epithelium. The epithelium showed separation at the subbasal level and suprabasal levels in 55 (94.9%) cases.

Conclusion:
Features such as basal cell budding, suprabasal mitotic activity, suprabasal split, localized inflammation, subepithelial hyalinization, and satellite cysts were commonly associated with recurrent cysts. Many newer genetic and molecular hypotheses have generated path-breaking contributions to the understanding of the biology of OKC. With the guidance and help of such factors, improved post-surgery results can be anticipated.
Proliferative potential of impacted tooth lesions using Ki67 labelling index-A clinicopathological insight
Authors: Grover Himani , Islam Atiqul , Gulati Nikita , Jain Anshi 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Tooth impaction is a frequent phenomenon, and the prevalence and distribution of this entity in different regions of the jaws may vary considerably. The third molars, maxillary canines, maxillary and mandibular premolars, and maxillary central incisors are the most commonly affected teeth. Impacted teeth in children and adolescents are rarely associated with pathological changes, but the prevalence of problems has been found to increase in later decades. Impacted teeth are commonly asymptomatic and not associated with any pathologic lesions for years. Proliferative potential of various odontogenic lesions were calculated using Ki-67 labeling index calculation, with the highest index of Unicystic Ameloblastoma followed by Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, Unicystic Ameloblastoma, followed by the dental follicle. Ki-67 is a marker of cell proliferation, used as an important diagnostic marker in the pathologic differentiation of various lesions. It is always better to orthodontically treat or extract asymptomatic impacted teeth to avoid or to restrict the proliferative capacity of the dental follicle. Treatment decisions about the third molar have important clinical and cost implications.
The immediate impact of mandatory helmet law on maxillo-facial trauma: A comparative study in a major trauma center, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Pandey Arun , Chaturvedi Thakur P , Sharma Naresh K. , Singh Akhilesh K. , Kumar Janani A. , Mishra Nitesh 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
To analyze the effect of the mandatory helmet rule in helmet usage among motorcycle riders and on facial trauma and to determine the significance of difference in the possibility of facial trauma between the helmeted and non-helmeted motorcycle riders.

Setting and Design:
A retrospective comparative study conducted in a major trauma center at Uttar Pradesh.

Material and Method:
Data for the present study was obtained from records of the Emergency Department of Trauma Center, for a period of two months before and after the implementation of The Motor Vehicles Act in UP. The study included patients with a history of non-fatal motorcycle accidents who sustained facial injuries regardless of the presence of injuries to other areas of the body during the study period. Information regarding helmet usage during the accident was also recorded. The results were compared between the pre-law period and post-law period.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Sample t-test was applied to find the level of significance.

Results:
Out of 219 injured patients, 152 (69.40%) subjects were not wearing helmets, whereas only 67 (30.59%) subjects were wearing helmets. It was observed that around 68.18% of people stated wearing helmets after law implementation with a statistical significance (P value < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Our study shows that the mandatory helmet rule with elevated penalty rates has significantly increased the usage of helmet among the motorcycle riders, and it also proves that the possibility of facial trauma is significantly higher in non-helmeted riders when compared to helmeted riders.
Limonene synergistically augments fluconazole susceptibility in clinical Candida isolates from cleft lip and palate patients
Authors: Ahmedi Saiema , Khan Imran , Ghanem Samah , Manzoor Nikhat 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients are prone to Candida infections (oral thrush) mainly due to poor oral hygiene, repetitive surgeries, and orthodontic procedures.

Aim:
This study was undertaken to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of limonene against clinical Candida isolates from CLP patients.

Materials and Methods:
The antifungal efficacy of limonene was studied alone and in combination with fluconazole (FLC) against six standards, twenty nine FLC sensitive, and three FLC resistant clinical strains using broth dilution, checkerboard microdilution, agar disk diffusion, growth curves, and spot assays.

Results:
This nontoxic monoterpene gave low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 300–375 µg/mL and 500–520 µg/mL for FLC susceptible and FLC resistant strains, respectively. It showed synergistic interaction with FLC in all clinical and standard Candida strains (fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index ≤0.5).

Conclusion:
Significant chemosensitization of FLC was observed even against resistant clinical isolates. Complete suppression of fungal growth was observed when using combinations. Negligible toxicity, easy availability, and potent antifungal properties suggest that limonene and FLC combinations in appropriate doses can make excellent antifungal mouthwashes during CLP treatment pre and post surgery. Impending in vivo studies are needed to validate the present data.
A clinic-pathological research explored the significance of ascorbic acid and iron levels in serum and saliva in premalignant disorder patients at Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Sachdev Rohan , Garg Kriti , Mehrotra Vishal , Shwetam Samiksha , Singh Praveen , Srivastava Akash 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), or OSMF, is a well-known, potentially premalignant condition of the oral cavity. Monitoring OSMF widespread effects necessitate interventions in at-risk individuals, ideally before the disease becomes aggressive. Ascorbic acid and iron, for instance, are significant micronutrients in the pathogenesis of OSMF.

Aims:
This study aimed to investigate the significance of ascorbic acid and iron levels in serum and saliva in patients with premalignant disorder (OSMF) and to correlate variations in ascorbic acid and iron levels with histopathological grading.

Settings and Design:
The present study was conducted on 195 patients over a period of 10 months.

Subjects and Methods:
These patients were divided into two groups, Group I (n = 88, Control), Group II (n = 107, clinically diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed cases of OSMF). Serum and salivary ascorbic acid were analyzed by the dintrophenyl hydrazine method, whereas serum and salivary iron were analyzed by the dipyridyl method.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Paired t-test and Fisher test were used to compare between the mean and to find the level of significance P value.

Results:
The serum and salivary ascorbic acid levels consistently decreased with the progression of histopathological grading of OSMF. Serum and salivary iron levels were also decreased in OSMF patients, and it came as significant.

Conclusions:
Excess collagen synthesis during OSMF may have been promoted with ascorbic acid and iron. As a reason, serum and salivary monitoring may be significant in detecting and diagnosing OSMF early on.
Efficacy of peritonsillar infiltration with dexmedetomidine versus tramadol in comparison to placebo for pain control and sedation after tonsillectomy in pediatric patients: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Modir Hesameddin , Moshiri Esmail , Naghavi Faezeh 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:
This article aimed to assess the efficacy of peritonsillar infiltration with dexmedetomidine-ropivacaine versus tramadol-ropivacaine for pain control and sedation after tonsillectomy in pediatric patients.

Materials and Methods:
This double-blind clinical trial recruited 99 eligible children (4–8 years old) undergoing tonsillectomy and assigned to three block-randomized groups, receiving dexmedetomidine-ropivacaine (group A), tramadol-ropivacaine (group B), or placebo-ropivacaine (group C). The vital signs included blood pressure, heart rate, and SaO2 before anesthesia induction, during surgery at regular intervals until 24 h after surgery. The duration of surgery and recovery, complications, and analgesic consumption were recorded and pain scores were measured by Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (CHEOPS) and Oucher scales as well as sedation scores by the Wilson sedation scale. Data were analyzed within SPSS 20 at a significance level of 0.05.

Results:
The lowest pain scores were measured by the CHEOPS scale in the dexmedetomidine-ropivacaine group (P < 0.05). Statistically significant difference was observed in the CHEOPS pain score between the first two groups at 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, and 4 h after surgery (P < 0.01). The differences were revealed in the Oucher pain assessments among all groups from the time of recovery to four postoperative hours (P < 0.05), with the lowest in the dexmedetomidine-ropivacaine group whose sedation score was greater during recovery and 5 min after surgery (P < 0.05). Subjects in tramadol group had six cases of dizziness and nausea, while no side effects were observed in two other groups (P < 0.05). Only seven participants receiving dexmedetomidine required acetaminophen, but 29 in the tramadol group and all in the placebo group demanded to receive acetaminophen (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
The authors concluded that dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to ropivacaine has better performance in local infiltration for intra- and post-tonsillectomy analgesia and postoperative sedation, without any special side effects (like the placebo group), and that it hence is recommended to be used for local infiltration during tonsillectomy.
Effectiveness of basic life support training course intervention among dental practitioners and students – An experimental study
Authors: Shivakumar Shivananda , Doddawad Vidya Gowdappa , Shetty Sahith Kumar , Shivanagappa Manjula , Narayanaswamy Chandan Sriraghuramapura , Shetty Akhil , Bhat Hari Kishore 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
To determine the level of knowledge and skill of basic life support (BLS) among undergraduate, postgraduate students, and general practitioners with and without regular attendance of the BLS Healthcare Provider course.

Methodology:
The study was carried out at two intervals with two groups. A random sample involving undergraduate students, postgraduate students, and dental professionals was selected for both study groups. Group 1 with 440 participants had not attended BLS for Healthcare Providers Course in the last two years. Group 2 with 410 participants had attended the BLS for Healthcare Providers course regularly once a year. First, participants in Group 1 were evaluated using an MCQ test with 30 questions about their knowledge and skills in BLS. Then, a well-trained BLS instructor team from Dental College & Hospital offered BLS healthcare provider courses to students and dentists. Subsequently, Group 2 participants who had completed a BLS course for healthcare providers last year were also assessed for their knowledge and skills in BLS using another MCQ test.

Results:
The marks obtained in the tests were tabulated and analyzed. To determine the association between variables with respect to mean knowledge score, t-test was employed. Multiple group comparison was made using analysis of variance and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The group 1 participants score a mean of 5.7 marks against the Group 2 with a mean score of 27.4 marks out of 30 marks. Knowledge and skill in BLS skills among those in Group 1 without prior BLS training was mainly low. Dental practitioners performed marginally better than students in both groups.

Conclusions:
Based on the results, we make the following observations. With the introduction of BLS training into the academic curriculum and routine BLS hands-on workshops, all healthcare providers will be familiar with the BLS skills to effectively manage the life-threatening emergencies.
Comparative study between lidocaine, magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine in alleviation of pain induced by intravenous injection of propofol
Authors: Mustafa Elsayed I.A. , Zanaty Ola M. , Shafshak Wafaa M. , Elfeil Yasser E. 
Published: March 2024

Background
Propofol is the most widely used intravenous anaesthetic agent for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia. Pain on injection of propofol is a common problem. Propofol injection pain, despite various interventions, still occurs during the anaesthesia induction and causes intense discomfort and anxiety in patients.

Objective
Compare the efficacy of lidocaine, magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine drugs in reduction of pain of propofol. Also, study the effects of these drugs on cardiovascular system.

Subjective
This prospective controlled randomized double-blind study was carried out on 90 adult patients ASA status I or II, haemodynemically stable and Scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia by propofol intravenous induction.

Results
The pain level during administration showed a significant decrease in group D (dexmedetomidine) less than both group L and M and there was no significant effect of the three drugs on haemodynamic parameters.

Conclusions
Dexmedetomidine is an effective and safe way to reduce the intensity and incidence of propofol injection pain. Magnesium and lidocaine pretreatment are equally effective in attenuating propofol-induced pain with some priority of magnesium sulphate more than lidocaine. There were no significant effects of the drugs on haemodynamics parameters
Bilateral ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block versus bilateral transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative analgesia after cesarean section
Authors: Agameya Hussein M. , ElNakeeb Mohamed M. , Elboughdadly Abdalla M.F. , Maaly Ayman M. 
Published: March 2024

Background
For mothers caring for newborns, adequate pain control after cesarean section is critical, as is early ambulation to prevent thromboembolism and chronic abdominal and pelvic pain.

Aim
The primary goal of the research is to compare the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block (QLB) versus transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block for postoperative analgesia and opioid consumption after a cesarean section. The secondary goal of the research is to assess the time required for each technique and postoperative complications and patient satisfaction in each group.

Patients and methods
Current research occurred in Elshatby University Hospital on 40 American Society of Anesthesiologists I or II studied cases with a gestation of at least 37 weeks (according to sample size calculation) scheduled for elective cesarean section.

Results
Comparing the time of analgesia between the two groups was longer in the QLB1 group than the control group (P≤0.001). The total amount of rescue analgesia (nalbuphine) consumption ranged between 0 and 6 mg with a mean value of 0.60±1.85 mg/24 h in the QLB1 group, and between 0 and 12 mg with a mean value of 8.40±5.30 mg/24 h in TAP block group. The total amount of postoperative nalbuphine consumption was greater in the TAP block group compared with the QLB1 group (P<0.001). Patient satisfaction with pain control has been assessed on four-point scale like: excellent, good, fair and poor. Comparison between the two groups showed significantly better patient satisfaction in QLB1 group compared with the TAP block group where the P value was 0.016.

Conclusion
From the present research, the following can be concluded: ultrasound-guided QLB is a more influential method than TAP block for postoperative analgesia in studied cases undergoing cesarean section as it is more effective in reducing both somatic and visceral pain. Ultrasound-guided QLB is associated with a decrease in total opioid consumption, longer time of analgesia and greater studied case satisfaction.