bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptomic analysis of giant congenital melanocytic nevi across different anatomic sites
Authors: Zhou Zhiyu , Xu Mingyuan , Chen Jiashe , Wu Fei , Wu Nanhui , Xie Yongyi , Xu Xiaoxiang , Deng Dan , Liu Yeqiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: Giant congenital melanocytic nevus (GCMN) is a skin disorder characterized by extensive abnormal proliferation and migration of melanocytes, which has the potential to be malignantly transformed into melanoma. Most studies have focused on revealing somatic mutation in GCMN. However, the specific alterations in gene expression across different anatomic sites of GCMN remain ambiguous.
Methods: A total of 18 GCMNs including eight from the trunk, six from the head, and four from the extremities, as well as eight normal skin tissues were collected for transcriptome sequencing. Differential expression gene (DEG) analysis and a series of bioinformatics analyses were employed to explore the distinct expression pattern and involved pathways among different anatomic sites of GCMN.
Results: A total of 258 (head), 1,472 (trunk), and 185 (extremities) site-specific DEGs were identified respectively, with a total of 368 up-regulated and 312 down-regulated DEGs in three tissues. Among them, ALB, CNTN2, GLI1, POU5F1 and CACNA1Dwere identified as core genes in head, as well as ERBB2, PPARA, VEGFA, FOSand IL1B in trunk, PRF1, STAT1, CXCR4, CD8A and CXCL8 in extremities, and SOX10, TYR, GRIN1, GRIA1 and PLP1 in all three tissues.
Conclusion: This study mined the specific and common DEGs in the head, trunk, and extremities of GCMN and systematically explored the possible mechanism of action of these genes based on transcriptome sequencing data, which could provide insights for the research of GCMN and afford new therapeutic targets for GCMN patients.
Structural characterization and protective effect against myocardial fibrosis of polysaccharide from Stellariae Radix (Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata Bge.)
Authors: Wang Hong , Niu Pilian , Li Haishan , Feng Lu , Li Zhenkai , Bai Mingsheng , Peng Li 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is characterized by thedevelopment of myocardial fibrosis, Stellariae Radix is a traditional Chinese medicine. A novel polysaccharide named SRP-1 from Stellariae Radix was structurally identified and its effect against myocardial fibrosis was explored. SRP-1 was extracted from Stellariae Radix and purified by DEAE-52 cellulose chromatography. According to physicochemical methods and monosaccharide composition analysis, SRP-1 was found to be mainly composed of galactose, glucose, xylose, fructose, mannose, and rhamnose, and its weight average molecular weight (Mw) was 31,309 Da. Tests of activity against myocardial fibrosis indicated marked downregulation of the expression of Col I, Col III, α-SMA, and proteins related to the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, which were induced by TGF-β1, in mouse cardiac fibroblasts pretreated with SRP-1. In addition, SRP-1 restrained the abnormal growth of cardiac fibroblasts cells and the expression of Snail 1, Snail 2, Twist 1, and Slug mRNA in vitro. SRP-1 can reduce the expression of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway related proteins induced by TGF-β1. Taken together,SRP-1 can protect CFs from myocardial fibrosis induced by TGF-β1 by inhibiting TGF-β/Smad signaling. These results indicate that Stellariae Radix polysaccharide may warrant further analysis as a novel therapeutic agent for cardiovascular diseases.
Deciphering the effects of PYCR family on cell function, prognostic value, immune infiltration in ccRCC and pan-cancer
Authors: Chen Hongquan , Chen Qing , Chen Jinyang , Mao Yazhen , Duan Lidi , Ye Dongjie , Cheng Wenxiu , Chen Jiaxi , Gao Xinrong , Lin Renxi , Lin Weibin , Zhang Mingfang , Qi Yuanlin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (PYCR) is pivotal in converting pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) to proline, the final step in proline synthesis. Three isoforms, PYCR1, PYCR2, and PYCR3, existed and played significant regulatory roles in tumor initiation and progression.
Methods
In this study, we firstly assessed molecular and immune characteristics of PYCRs by a pan-cancer analysis, especially focusing on their prognostic relevance. Then, a kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC)-specific prognostic model was established, incorporating pathomics features to enhance predictive capabilities. The biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of PYCR1 and PYCR2 were investigated by in vitro experiments in renal cancer cells.
Results
The PYCRs’ expressions were elevated in diverse tumors, correlating with unfavorable clinical outcomes. PYCRs were enriched in cancer signaling pathways, significantly correlating with immune cell infiltration, tumor mutation burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI). In KIRC, a prognostic model based on PYCR1 and PYCR2 was independently validated statistically. Leveraging features from H&E-stained images, a pathomics feature model reliably predicted patient prognosis. In vitro experiments demonstrated that PYCR1 and PYCR2 enhanced the proliferation and migration of renal carcinoma cells by activating the mTOR pathway, at least in part.
Conclusion
This study underscores PYCRs' pivotal role in various tumors, positioning them as potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets, particularly in malignancies like KIRC. The findings emphasize the need for broader exploration of PYCRs' implications in pan-cancer contexts.
Inertial Induction Vibration Transducers and Study of Their Dynamic Characteristics
Authors: Fayzullayevich Amirov Sulton , Abdunabiyevich Shoimkulov Asror 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In the article, it is shown that the implementation of the inertial element in the form of four cross-shaped magnetic conducting sectors with permanent magnets installed in them, the poles of which alternate in adjacent sectors, the placement of the measuring windings on the pole tips of the magnetic conductor, located coaxially with the corresponding sectors of the inertial element, the implementation of the mass of two adjacent sectors of the inertial element, exceeding the mass of the other two adjacent sectors provides the measurement of linear vibration oscillations in all three mutual components of the transducer. It is established that in the investigated transducers, the transient characteristic consists of two free (oscillatory and aperiodic) components and one forced component. Forced oscillations occur with the frequency of the input perturbing force; the amplitude of forced oscillations does not depend on the initial conditions and time, and in forced oscillations with damping, there is always a shift of the oscillation phase compared to the phase of the input perturbing force. It is revealed that the attenuation rate of the free oscillatory component depends on the attenuation coefficient of the mechanical circuit, and the aperiodic component depends on the time constant of the measuring circuit of the transducer. In the structural schemes of automatic control systems, the investigated transducers are represented as a series of connected oscillating, ideal differentiating links and an inertial link of the first order.
TPE and conventional treatment in the management of hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis: a Meta Analysis
Authors: Chen Yi-hui , Xia Qi , Wang Qingyu , Yang Yufang , Zhang Ming , Cai Jiming 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
The proportion of hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) in acute pancreatitis is increasing year by year. The risk of AP occurrence and recurrence is positively related to triglyceride levels. At present, the application of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in HTG-AP is gradually popularized, but there is no consensus on whether it can improve the mortality and prognosis of HTG-AP. Therefore, we aimed to compare the differences between TPE and conventional therapy in the treatment of HTG-AP.
Methods
Our study collected nearly 5 years of literature and analyzed the differences between TPE and conventional therapy in HTG-AP management by meta.
Results
The results show that TG could get a higher clearance rate within the first 24 hours by TPE, compared with conventional treatment (P = 0.001). However, TPE can not improve the prognosis of HTG-AP (P = 0.13), and even make patients suffer more time (P = 0.03) and money costs (P = 0.004).
Discussion
Conventional treatments can effectively manage HTG-AP without the need for TPE.
Combining Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and multivariate analysis for chemotyping of cell wall composition in Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wizcek).
Authors: Das Shouvik , Bhati Vikrant , Dewangan Bhagwat Prasad , Gangal Apurva , Mishra Gyan Prakash , Dikshit Harsh Kumar , Pawar Prashant Anupama-Mohan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Dissection of complex plant cell wall structures demands a sensitive and quantitative method. FTIR is used regularly as a screening method to identify specific linkages in cell walls. However, quantification and assigning spectral bands to particular cell wall components is still a major challenge, specifically in crop species. In this study, we addressed these challenges using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy as it is a high throughput, cost-effective and non-destructive approach to understand plant cell wall composition. This method was validated by analysing different varieties of mungbean which is one of the most important legume crop grown widely in Asia.
Results
Using standards and extraction of a specific component of cell wall components, we assigned 1050-1060 cm-1 and 1390-1420 cm-1 wavenumbers that can be widely used to quantify cellulose and lignin, respectively, in Arabidopsis, Populus, rice and mungbean. Also, using KBr as a diluent, we established a method which can relatively quantify the cellulose and lignin composition among different tissue types of the above species. We further used this method to quantify cellulose and lignin in field-grown mungbean genotypes. The ATR-FTIR-based study revealed the cellulose content variation ranges from 27.9% to 52.37%, and the lignin content variation ranges from 13.77% to 31.6% in mungbean genotypes.
Conclusion
Cell wall composition in different mungbean genotypes was determined by the developed FT-IR-based method, which was cross-validated using canonical wet-chemistry methods. Overall, our data suggested that ATR-FTIR can be used for the relative quantification of lignin and cellulose in different plant species. This method can be used for rapid screening of cell wall composition in large number of germplasms of different crops including mungbean.
Sex Differences in the Association between Repetitive Negative Thinking, Allostatic Load and Neurofilament Light
Authors: Marchant Natalie , Lau Yolanda , Bansal Amit , Palix Cassandre , Demnitz-King Harriet , Wirth Miranka , Klimecki Olga , Chetelat Gael , Poisnel Géraldine , Group Medit-Ageing Research 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that Repetitive Negative Thinking (RNT; i.e., worry and ruminative brooding) is associated with biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease. However, it is neither known whether RNT may be a marker of neurodegenerative disease more generally, nor the mechanism through which RNT may act. Given that women have greater risk of many neurodegenerative diseases, this study aimed to investigate (I) the relationships between worry and ruminative brooding and a blood-based biological correlate of neurodegeneration, neurofilament light chain (NfL), (II) whether this relationship differs by sex, and (III) the extent to which allostatic load, a marker of chronic stress, may mediate this relationship. Cross-sectional baseline data from 134 cognitively healthy older adults (61.2% women) enrolled in the Age-Well clinical trial were utilised. Worry and brooding were assessed by the Penn State Worry Questionnaire and the Rumination Response Scale brooding subscale, respectively. Plasma NfL levels were quantified using a Meso Scale Discovery assay. A composite measure of allostatic load was calculated using 18 biomarkers spanning five sub-categories (anthropometric, cardiovascular and respiratory, metabolic, immune, neuroendocrine). Associations were examined using linear regressions adjusted for demographic characteristics. We found a positive interaction between brooding and ex on NfL, with higher brooding associated with greater NfL levels in women. No associations were observed with worry or allostatic load. These results offer preliminary support that RNT is associated with worse brain health, specifically in women. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms that explains the association between RNT and markers of dementia risk in women.
Environmental factors influencing the development and spread of resistance in erythromycin-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: Zhao Yi-Chang , Sun Zhi-Hua , Li Jia-Kai , Liu Huai-yuan , Cao Wei , Yu Feng , Zhang Bi-Kui , Yan Miao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Bacterial drug resistance is becoming increasingly serious,This study aims to investigate the relationship between the resistance rate of erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae and reasons for the epidemic under complex geographical and climatic factors in China.
Methods: Data spanning from 2014 to 2021, including drug resistance rates, isolate rates, meteorological variables, and demographic statistics, were collected from the China Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System, the China Statistical Yearbook and China Meteorological Website. Our analysis involved nonparametric tests and the construction of multifaceted regression models for rigorous multivariate analysis.
Results: Single-factor analysis revealed significant differences in the resistance rate and isolate rate of erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae across different regions characterized by Hu Huanyong lines or different climate types. Multivariate regression analysis indicated positive correlations between the drug resistance rate and temperature, Subtropical climate, GDP, Hu Huanyong line, and Tm; the isolate rate showed a positive correlation with regional GDP and a negative correlation with monsoon climate.
Conclusion: The prediction model developed in this study holds significant value for forecasting the resistance rate of erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae amidst China's diverse meteorological and climate conditions.
Determinants of Uncontrolled Blood Pressure Among Adult Hypertensive Patients on Follow Up at Negelle and Adola General Hospital, Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia: Facility Based Case Control Study
Authors: HABTEGIORGIS AZMACH , EDIN ALO , LEMA KIBEBEW , GETACHEW DAWIT , GIRMA DEREJE , Elema Teshome Bekele 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Uncontrolled blood pressure is a significant public health problem with a high rate of mortality and morbidity globally. Its magnitude is high in Ethiopia (48%). Although the target goal for blood pressure control is well defined and effective and affordable therapies are available, the problem persists calling for further investigations into the determinants of uncontrolled blood pressure in Ethiopia particularly in the current study area. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the determinants of uncontrolled blood pressure among adult hypertensive patients on follow-up at Negelle and Adola General Hospitals in Guji Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Methods
A facility-based un-matched case-control study was conducted in Negelle and Adola General Hospitals, Guji Zone from January-01-30, 2023 on 384 samples. Study participants were selected consecutively as they came for treatment until the required sample size was obtained. The data were collected using an interview-administered structured questionnaire and medical chart review. Data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to model the association between dependent and independent variables. Those candidate variables with p < 0.25 in the bi-variable analysis were entered into multivariable logistic regression. An AOR and 95% CI were used to measure the strength of the association. Finally at a p < 0.05, statistical significance was declared.
Result
A sample of 384 respondents (128 cases; and 256 controls) were included with a response rate of 100%. Non-adherence to medication (AOR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.16–3.44), non-adherence to smoking abstinence (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.05–3.22), non-adherence to weight management (AOR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.04–3.92), poor hypertension knowledge (AOR = 2.18,95% CI: 1.26–3.76), use of traditional medicine(AOR = 9.13, 95% CI:5.31–15.69), and being overweight (AOR = 3.35,95% CI:1.79–6.26) were associated with uncontrolled blood pressure significantly.
Conclusion
This study found that non-adherence to medication, smoking, weight management, poor hypertension knowledge, traditional medicines use, and being overweight were Determinants of uncontrolled blood pressure. Since these are modifiable and preventable factors there is a need to implement interventions that will enhance self-care practice in this population to improve treatment outcomes.
A high-performance time to digital converter for dToF LIDAR applications
Authors: Chen Liying , Li Bangtian , Cheng Chuantong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

As the resolution and conversion speed of Time-to-Digital Conversion (TDC) chips continue to improve, the bit error rate also increases, leading to a decrease in the linearity of TDC and seriously affecting measurement accuracy. This paper presents a high linearity, low power consumption, and wide dynamic range TDC that has been achieved based on the SMIC 180 nm V3E BCD process. Compared with previous research methods, the proposed phase arbiter structure can eliminate sampling errors and improve the linearity of TDC. The preprocessing circuit can eliminate fixed errors caused by Start and Stop signal transmission delays. Post-simulation results show that the TDC has high linearity, with ranges of DNL and INL being − 0.76LSB < DNL < 0.89LSB, and − 0.59LSB < INL < 0.73LSB, respectively. The highest resolution is 150 ps, dynamic range is 2.5 ms, and the power consumption is 1.73 mW. The overall system architecture of TDC is very simple, and it can be applied to dToF LIDAR to measure photon flight time, capable of measuring a range of up to a kilometer, with an accuracy of 2.25 centimeters, high linearity, and without any post-processing or time calibration.
HIV Associated Pre-eclampsia: Evaluation of Lymphangiogenesis in Placental Bed Samples.
Authors: onyangunga Onankoy atshakala , naidoo prelene , Naicker Thajasvarie , moodley Jack 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The role of angiogenesis in pre-eclampsia pathogenesis is widely studied, however despite the lymphatic vessels complementary role to the blood vascular system, studies on their morphology in the placenta and placental bed are lacking.
Methods
Eighty-seven placental bed specimens were utilised, which were grouped into normotensive pregnant (n = 28), early onset pre-eclampsia (n = 31), late onset pre-eclampsia (n = 28) and further stratified by HIV status. Tissue was immuno-stained with podoplanin antibody. The lymphatic capillaries density and luminal areas within the placental bed were morphometrically assessed.
Results
Lymphatic micro-vessel density and mean area /lumen in the pre-eclampsia group were higher and larger than the normotensive group respectively (p = 0.01 and p = 0.001). A correlation between blood pressure levels and lymphatic micro-vessel density was observed (r ≥ 0.272; p ≤ 0.032). Significant differences were observed between the mean micro-vessel density of normotensive HIV uninfected and HIV infected [(5.9 ± 2.3 vs 7.5 ± 2.8, p = 0.01) and late onset pre-eclampsia HIV uninfected and HIV infected groups (7.1 ± 3.9 vs 7.8 ± 2.7, p = 0.01)]. The mean area /lumen between normotensive HIV uninfected and HIV infected and late onset pre-eclampsia HIV uninfected and HIV infected groups were significantly different (p = 0.03 and p = 0.001). Small lymphatic capillaries were significantly abundant in late onset pre-eclampsia HIV infected (p = 0.03) and normotensive HIV infected (p = 0.0001) compared to uninfected groups.
Conclusion
Lymphatic capillary density and area/lumen upregulation was observed in the placental bed of HIV infected women, with a positive correlation between maternal blood pressure and lymphatic micro-vessel density, potentially affecting birthweight in the pre-eclampsia group.
LUNet: An enhanced upsampling fusion network with efficient self-attention for semantic segmentation
Authors: Zhou Yan , Zhou Haibin , Yang Yin , Li Jianxun , Irampaye Richard , Wang Dongli , Zhang Zhengpeng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Semantic segmentation is an essential aspect of many computer vision tasks. Self-attention (SA) based deep learning methods have shown impressive results in semantic segmentation by capturing long-range dependencies and contextual information. However, the standard SA module has high computational complexity, which limits its use in resource-constrained scenarios. This paper proposes a novel LUNet to improve semantic segmentation performance while addressing the computational challenges of SA. The lightweight self-attention plus (LSA++) module is introduced as a lightweight and efficient variant of the SA module. LSA++ uses compact feature representation and local position embedding to significantly reduce computational complexity while surpassing the accuracy of the standard SA module. Furthermore, to address the loss of edge details during decoding, we propose the Enhanced Upsampling Fusion Module (EUP-FM). This module comprises an enhanced upsampling module and a semantic vector-guided fusion mechanism. EUP-FM effectively recovers edge information and improves the precision of the segmentation map. Comprehensive experiments on PASCAL VOC 2012, Cityscapes, COCO, and SegPC 2021 demonstrate that LUNet outperforms all compared methods. It achieves superior runtime performance and accurate segmentation with excellent model generalization ability. The code is available at https://github.com/hbzhou530/LUNet.