bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New paradigms in the study of the cholinergic system and metabolic diseases: Acetyl‐and‐butyrylcholinesterase
Authors: Villeda‐González Juan David , Gómez‐Olivares José Luis , Baiza‐Gutman Luis Arturo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAcetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) are enzymes that belong to the neuromuscular cholinergic system, their main function is to hydrolyze the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh), through their hydrolysis these enzymes regulate the neuronal and neuromuscular cholinergic system. They have recently attracted considerable attention due to the discovery of new enzymatic and nonenzymatic functions. These discoveries have aroused the interest of numerous scientists, consolidating the relevance of this group of enzymes. Recent investigations have revealed a positive correlation between several risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the expression of cholinesterases (ChE's), which underscore the impact of high ChE's activity on the pro‐inflammatory state associated with MetS. In addition, the excessive hydrolysis of ACh and other choline esters (succinylcholine, propionylcholine, butyrylcholine, etc.) by both ChE's results in the overproduction of fatty acid precursor metabolites, which facilitate the synthesis of very low‐density lipoproteins and triacylglycerols. Participation in these processes may represent the link between ChE's and metabolic disorders. However, further scientific research is required to fully elucidate the involvement of ChE's in metabolic diseases. This review aims to collect recent research studies that contribute to understanding the association between the cholinergic system and metabolic diseases.
Diagnostic accuracy of a novel ultrasound imaging index for knee osteoarthritis: Evaluation of sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values
Authors: Kiso Takeharu , Okada Yukinori , Kawata Satoru , Shichiji Kouta , Okumura Eiichiro , Hatsumi Noritaka , Matsuura Ryohei , Kaminaga Masaki , Kuwano Hikaru , Okumura Erika 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeWe aimed to develop and validate a new ultrasonography (US) index for the diagnosis of primary medial‐type knee osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsIn total, 156 patients (203 limbs) underwent standing knee radiography and the US for suspected knee OA. Total osteophyte height (TOH) and distance between bones (DBB) aided diagnosis. Logistic regression identified optimal cutoff values. Thresholds from logistic regression informed recipient operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, balancing sensitivity and specificity. These thresholds were then applied in the differential thermal analysis (DTA) to construct a 2 × 2 table.ResultsThe TOH‐DBB index showed that a DBB of 5.6 mm or less was required to diagnose primary medial‐type knee arthropathy. The results in the 2 × 2 table were 41 true‐positive (TP), 10 false negative (FN), 22 true‐negative (TN), and 7 false positive (FP). A DBB of 5.6 mm or less and TOH of 4.7 mm or more were necessary to diagnose severe deformity. The results in the 2 × 2 table were 10 TP, 4 FN, 23 TN, and 4 FP.ConclusionThe TOH‐DBB index was confirmed to capture changes in primary medial‐type knee OA across various stages.
From the grapevine to the glass: A wine metabolomics tale by FT‐ICR‐MS
Authors: Sousa Silva Marta , Soeiro Mónica , Cordeiro Carlos 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWine is one of the most consumed beverages around the world. Its unique characteristics arise from numerous processes, from the selection of grapevine varieties and grapes, the effect of the terroir and geographical origin, through the biochemical process of fermentation by microorganisms, until its aging. All molecules found in wine define its chemical fingerprint and can be used to tell the story of its origin, production, authenticity and quality. Wine's chemical composition can be characterized using an untargeted metabolomics approach based on extreme resolution mass spectrometry. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT‐ICR‐MS) is currently the most powerful analytical technique to analyse such complex sample, providing the most comprehensive analysis of the chemical fingerprint of wine.
Investigating direct current potentials that affect native protein conformation during trapped ion mobility spectrometry–mass spectrometry
Authors: Voeten Robert L. C. , Majeed Hany A. , Bos Tijmen S. , Somsen Govert W. , Haselberg Rob 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTrapped ion mobility spectrometry–time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (TIMS‐TOFMS) has emerged as a tool to study protein conformational states. In TIMS, gas‐phase ions are guided across the IM stages by applying direct current (DC) potentials (D1–6), which, however, might induce changes in protein structures through collisional activation. To define conditions for native protein analysis, we evaluated the influence of these DC potentials using the metalloenzyme bovine carbonic anhydrase (BCA) as primary test compound. The variation of DC potentials did not change BCA‐ion charge and heme content but affected (relative) charge‐state intensities and adduct retention. Constructed extracted‐ion mobilograms and corresponding collisional cross‐section (CCS) profiles gave useful insights in (alterations of) protein conformational state. For BCA, the D3 and D6 potential (which are applied between the deflection transfer and funnel 1 [F1] and the accumulation exit and the start of the ramp, respectively) had most profound effects, showing multimodal CCS distributions at higher potentials indicating gradual unfolding. The other DC potentials only marginally altered the CCS profiles of BCA. To allow for more general conclusions, five additional proteins of diverse molecular weight and conformational stability were analyzed, and for the main protein charge states, CCS profiles were constructed. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the obtained data showed that D1 and D3 exhibit the highest degree of correlation with the ratio of folded and unfolded protein (F/U) as extracted from the mobilograms obtained per set D potential. The correlation of D6 with F/U and protein charge were similar, and D2, D4, and D5 showed an inverse correlation with F/U but were correlated with protein charge. Although DC boundary values for induced conformational changes appeared protein dependent, a set of DC values could be determined, which assured native analysis of most proteins.
Removal of isobaric interference using pseudo‐multiple reaction monitoring and energy‐resolved mass spectrometry for the isotope dilution quantification of a tryptic peptide
Authors: Maroto Alicia , dit Fouque Dany Jeanne , Lartia Rémy , Memboeuf Antony 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEnergy‐resolved mass spectrometry (ERMS) and an isotopically labelled internal standard were successfully combined to accurately quantify a tryptic peptide despite the presence of an isobaric interference. For this purpose, electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS/MS) experiments were conducted into an ion trap instrument using an unconventional 8 m/z broadband isolation window, which encompassed both the tryptic peptide and its internal standard. Interference removal was assessed by determining an excitation voltage that was high enough to maintain a constant value for the analyte/internal standard peaks intensity ratio, thus ensuring accurate quantification even in the presence of isobaric contamination. Pseudo‐multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was employed above this excitation voltage to quantify the trypic peptide. The internal standard calibration model showed no lack of fit and exhibited a linear dynamic range from 0.5 μM up to 2.5 μM. The detection limit was 0.08 μM. The accuracy of the method was evaluated by quantifying the tryptic peptide of three reference samples intentionally contaminated with the isobaric interference. All the reference samples were accurately quantified with ∼1% deviation despite the isobaric contamination. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that this methodology can also be applied to quantify the isobaric peptide by standard additions down to 0.2 μM. Finally, liquid chromatography ERMS (LC ERMS) experiments yielded similar results, suggesting the potential of the proposed methodology for analysing complex samples.
Impact of a carrageenan gel on viral load of genital human papillomavirus infections in sexually active women: Findings from the Carrageenan‐gel Against Transmission of Cervical Human papillomavirus (CATCH) trial
Authors: Laurie Cassandra , El‐Zein Mariam , Tota Joseph E. , Tellier Pierre‐Paul , Coutlée François , Burchell Ann N. , Franco Eduardo L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrevious research has shown that women's use of a carrageenan gel reduces the risk of acquiring genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections but does not help to clear existing ones. Although gel use may not result in complete clearance, it may decrease the viral load of HPV infections. We tested this hypothesis in the Carrageenan‐gel Against Transmission of Cervical Human papillomavirus (CATCH) randomized controlled trial. Participants of the CATCH study were selected for viral load testing if they had completed the first four study visits and tested positive for HPV42 or HPV51 in at least one of these visits. HPV42 and HPV51 were chosen as they were among the most abundant low‐ and high‐risk types, respectively, in the study sample. We measured viral load with a type‐specific real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Results were displayed using summary statistics. Of 461 enrolled participants, 39 were included in the HPV42 analysis set and 56 in the HPV51 analysis set. The median time between visits 1 and 4 was 3.7 months. The viral load (copies/cell) of HPV42 ranged from <0.001 to 13 434.1, and that of HPV51 from <0.001 to 967.1. The net median change in HPV42 viral load over all four visits was −1.04 copies/cell in the carrageenan and −147 copies/cell in the placebo arm (Wilcoxon rank sum test, p = 0.26). There was no net median change in HPV51 viral load over all four visits in either arm (p = 0.45). The use of a carrageenan‐based gel is unlikely to reduce the viral load of HPVs 42 or 51.
Patient awareness of the association between periodontal and systemic diseases in an academic setting
Authors: Carter William , Tiwari Tamanna , Elangovan Satheesh , Johnson Lonnie , Parsegian Karo , Chandrasekaran Sangeetha 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeriodontal diseases (PD) have been increasingly associated with several systemic conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to gain insight into patients’ awareness of the association between PD and systemic diseases.MethodsA survey was developed to analyze patient awareness of the association between PD and systemic diseases. Descriptive and categorical variables were summarized with counts and percentages. Chi‐squared tests were used to evaluate differences between variables. A linear logistical regression model was used to assess the simultaneous, independent association between each variable.ResultsData from 161 completed surveys were analyzed. The majority of the participants (61.49%) reported awareness of symptoms of PD, but only 36.36% identified all its major symptoms. Individuals reporting awareness of the association between PD and systemic diseases was 48.4%, 31.7%, 14.9%, and 9.9% for CVD, DM, RA, and AD, respectively. Patients aged ≥51 years and males were more aware of the association between PD and CVD. Increased awareness of an association between PD and DM was observed among patients who had a higher frequency of dental visits and those with a self‐reported history of DM.ConclusionsThis study provides insight that, even with the vast amount of scientific knowledge on the inter‐relationships that exist between PD and systemic diseases, most patients are still unaware of these associations. This research identified that improvement of health literacy surrounding PD, their symptoms, and their association with systemic diseases may be warranted.
Contemporary conditional cancer‐specific survival rates in surgically treated nonmetastatic primary urethral carcinoma
Authors: Morra Simone , Scheipner Lukas , Baudo Andrea , Jannello Letizia M. I. , de Angelis Mario , Siech Carolin , Goyal Jordan A. , Touma Nawar , Tian Zhe , Saad Fred , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Creta Massimiliano , Califano Gianluigi , Celentano Giuseppe , Colla' Ruvolo Claudia , Ahyai Sascha , Carmignani Luca , de Cobelli Ottavio , Musi Gennaro , Briganti Alberto , Chun Felix K. H. , Longo Nicola , Karakiewicz Pierre I. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe examined the effect of disease‐free interval (DFI) duration on cancer‐specific mortality (CSM)‐free survival, otherwise known as the effect of conditional survival, in radical urethrectomy nonmetastatic primary urethral carcinoma (PUC) patients.MethodsUsing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database 2000–2020, patient (age, sex, race/ethnicity, and marital status) and tumor (stage and histology) characteristics, as well as systemic therapy exposure status of nonmetastatic PUC patients were tabulated. Conditional survival estimates at 5‐year were assessed based on DFI duration and according to stage at presentation (T1 –2N0 vs. T3–4N0–2).ResultsOf all 512 radical urethrectomy PUC patients, 278 (54%) harbored T1–2N0 stage versus 234 (46%) harbored T3–4N0–2 stage. In 512 PUC patients, 5‐year CSM‐free survival at initial diagnosis was 61.8%. Provided a DFI duration of 36 months, 5‐year CSM‐free survival was 85.6%. In 278 T1–2N0 PUC patients, 5‐year CSM‐free survival at initial diagnosis was 68.4%. Provided a DFI duration of 36 months, 5‐year CSM‐free survival was 86.9%. In 234 T3–4N0–2 PUC patients, 5‐year CSM‐free survival at initial diagnosis was 53.8%. Provided a DFI duration of 36 months, 5‐year CSM‐free survival was 83.6%.ConclusionsAlthough intuitively, clinicians and patients are well aware of the concept that increasing DFI duration improves survival probability, only a few clinicians can accurately estimate the magnitude of survival improvement, as was done within the current study. Such information is crucial to survivors, especially in those diagnosed with rare malignancies, where the survival estimation according to DFI duration is even more challenging.
Direct 3D Imaging through Spatial Coherence of Light
Authors: Massaro Gianlorenzo , Barile Barbara , Scarcelli Giuliano , Pepe Francesco V. , Nicchia Grazia Paola , D'Angelo Milena 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWide‐field imaging is widely adopted due to its fast acquisition, cost‐effectiveness, and ease of use. Its extension to direct volumetric applications, however, is burdened by the trade‐off between resolution and depth of field (DOF), dictated by the numerical aperture of the system. It is demonstrated that such trade‐off is not intrinsic to wide‐field imaging, but stems from the spatial incoherence of light: images obtained through spatially coherent illumination are shown to have resolution and DOF independent of the numerical aperture. This fundamental discovery enables to demonstrate an optimal combination of coherent resolution‐DOF enhancement and incoherent tomographic sectioning for scanning‐free, wide‐field 3D microscopy on a multicolor histological section.
Influence of vitamins and food on the fluorescence spectrum of human urine
Authors: Chalissery Praveen , Homann Christian , Stepp Herbert , Eisel Maximilian , Aumiller Maximilian , Rühm Adrian , Buchner Alexander , Sroka Ronald 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesFluorescence spectroscopy of human urine is a method with the potential to gain importance as a diagnostic tool in the medical field, e.g., for measuring Coproporphyrin III (CPIII) as an indicator of cancer and acute types of porphyria. Food can change human urine's color, which could influence the urine fluorescence spectrum and the detection of CPIII in urine. To determine if there is a noticeable influence on the urine fluorescence spectrum or on the detection of CPIII in urine, 16 vitamin supplements, and three food items were tested. Such investigation may also prevent false interpretation of measured data.MethodsUrine samples were collected before and after (overnight, ca. 8 h) intake of each test substance. Samples were investigated by fluorescence spectrum analysis. At excitation wavelengths from 300 to 500 nm and emission wavelengths from 400 to 700 nm excitation‐emission‐matrices were measured. Data obtained from urine before intake were compared to the data from overnight urine. Furthermore, the investigation of any interference with the CPIII concentration was performed at an excitation wavelength of 407 ± 3 nm and emission wavelengths of 490−800 nm.ResultsOnly vitamin B2, but none of the other tested substances, showed noticeable influence on the urine fluorescence spectrum. None of the tested substances showed noticeable interference with the recovery rate of CPIII.ConclusionsThe correct interpretation of measured data by fluorescence spectroscopy is possible with the exception if vitamin B2 supplementation was performed; thus, the consumption of vitamin B2 supplements before fluorescence testing of the patient's urine should be avoided and/or must be requested. CPIII concentrations could reliably be measured in all cases.
NITES, a nocturnal bladder score to aid diagnosis during the transition to older age care
Authors: Bower Wendy F. , Da Silva Alisha , Gibson William , Wagg Adrian , Whishaw D Michael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAs adults transition to older age, bothersome nocturnal lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) become common. There is need for a reliable assessment metric to detect and measure specific symptoms.ObjectiveTo subject the nocturnal LUTS score for older individuals, Nocturia, Incontinence, Toileting and Enuresis Symptom Score (NITES), to psychometric analysis.Material and MethodsFactor analysis of the metric was conducted with completed questionnaires from 151 older individuals who were either admitted to a tertiary hospital or attending an outpatient continence clinic. Test re‐test reliability involved 18 older community dwelling individuals attending a Geriatrician clinic completing the metric at two timepoints separated by at least 1 week. Intra‐class correlation coefficients were determined for reliability of each factor and item.ResultsThe NITES metric was completed by 98 hospitalized older individuals and 53 attending a continence clinic (mean age 83.2 years [SD 7.0]). Factor analysis demonstrated that one item had a floor effect and two items had poor endorsement. After test re‐test reliability analysis, a further three items were removed: one due to poor correlation between timepoints and two demonstrating inadequate internal consistency. The final NITES metric is comprised of three factors: Sleep 4‐items, Incontinence 4‐items, and Personal Bother 2‐items. A 4‐item short form for symptom screening was extracted from the longer measure.ConclusionThe final NITES metric is a 10‐item questionnaire with an embedded 4‐item short symptom screen. It has utility utilized to detect nocturnal bladder symptoms in both community dwelling and hospitalized older adults.
A bibliometric analysis of HIV nursing research between 1999 and 2022
Authors: Hao Jiaqi , Zhang Qian , Du Xiaoyu , Wang Fan , Liu Jing , Chen Jia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) nursing has become more prominent with the increase in chronic HIV infections. This study examined articles related to HIV nursing to determine how the profession has developed and its future direction.DesignA bibliometric analysis was conducted.MethodsHIV nursing‐related articles published in the Web of Science core collection between 1999 and 2022 were searched. VOSviewer was used to identify the contributions of countries, institutions and authors in HIV‐related care. Collaborative maps, hot topics and keywords trends were analysed using VOSviewer and CiteSpace.ResultsA total of 1513 publications were extracted. An increase in articles published between 1999 and 2012 was observed. After 2012, the increase in the number of publications was relatively stable. Since 2016, a downward trend in the number of publications has occurred. The USA, South Africa and the UK were the leading contributors to publications related to HIV nursing. The focus of the HIV nursing research has gradually shifted from “HIV infection”, “risk factors”, and “transmission routes” to “social support”, “depression”, and “public health”. The result shows that increased collaboration among countries/regions can improve the development of HIV nursing and effectively reduce the global HIV infection rate. The mental health of patients has become a research centre in the field of HIV nursing. This study provides direction in clinical practice and future research areas in this field.
A Comprehensive Flow Cytometry Panel for Analysis of Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis
Authors: So Raymond J. , Collins Samuel L. , Chan‐Li Yee , Lina Ioan , Gelbard Alexander , Motz Kevin M. , Hillel Alexander T. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo present a comprehensive flow cytometry panel for idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS).Study DesignControlled ex vivo cohort study.SettingTertiary care academic hospital in a metropolitan area.MethodsFlow cytometry and single‐cell RNA sequencing were performed on 9 paired normal and scar tissue samples from iSGS patients. Flow cytometry was used to assess the presence of myeloid (CD11b, CD14, CD15, Siglec8), lymphoid (CD3, CD4, CD8, gamma delta [γδ], FOXP3), endothelial (CD31), fibroblast (CD90, SMA), and epithelial (CD326, CK5) markers.ResultsOn flow cytometry, iSGS scar is characterized by an increased presence of myeloid, lymphoid, endothelial, and fibroblast cell types, but a decreased presence of epithelial cells. In the myeloid lineage, iSGS scar samples demonstrated increased CD11b+ monocytes (P < .001), Siglec8+ eosinophils (P = .03), and CD14+ monocytes (P = .02). In the lymphoid lineage, iSGS scar demonstrated increased CD3+ T‐cells (P < .001), CD4+ helper T‐cells (P < .001), γδ+ T‐cells (P < .001), and FOXP3+ regulatory T‐cells (P = .002). iSGS scar exhibited specific increases in CD90+ (P = .04) and SMA+ (P < .001) fibroblasts but decreased CD326+ (E‐cadherin) epithelial cells (P = .01) relative to normal samples.ConclusionWe present a comprehensive flow cytometry panel for iSGS. This flow panel may serve as a common platform among airway scientists to elucidate the cellular mechanisms underpinning iSGS and other upper airway pathologies. Scar iSGS samples demonstrate a distinct cellular profile relative to normal iSGS specimens, exhibiting increased fibroblast, endothelial, and inflammatory cell types but decreased epithelium.