bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do cigarette smokers have unrealistic perceptions of their lung cancer and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) risks? A Cross-sectional study
Authors: Shahryari Ali , Rajabi Abdolhalim , Tazehabadi Reza Abed- , Charkazi Abdurrahman , Zarghami Fatemeh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: Cigarette smoking causes serious complications and diseases in a person's life, such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and some cancers, including lung cancer. On the other hand, studies have shown that smokers do not have a real understanding of the health hazards of smoking. This study was conducted to determine the perceived risk of lung cancer and COPD in smokers.
Methods: This cross-sectional study which was conducted between January-May 2023, recruited 380 smokers by convenience sampling. The data were collected using three questionnaires 1) the risk perception for lung cancer and COPD questionnaire, 2) the smoking stage of change questionnaire, and 3) the Fagerström test for nicotine dependence. We examined the relationship between the included variables and the smokers’ perceived risk of lung cancer and COPD by using multiple linear regression. We performed this analysis with Stata software version 17 and the significance level was set at 0.05.
Results: The mean age of participants was 35.57 ± 12.05 years, and 77.1% were male. The perceived risk score of COPD was 10.94±4.88 and the score related to lung cancer was 10.60±4.77. We found that lower education (coefficient=3.86 for elementary and 3.18 for secondary), longer smoking duration (coefficient=-3.22 for 20-29 years and -5.88 for 30+ years), and older smoking age onset (coefficient=-2.41 for 20+ years) were associated with lower perceived risk for both diseases. High social status (coefficient=-4.73) was also associated with a lower perceived risk of lung cancer. Moreover, people who smoked for 20-29 years (coefficient=-2.77, [-4.75, -0.79] 95%CI, P<0.0001) or 30+ years (coefficient=-5.40, [-8.05, -2.75] 95%CI, P<0.0001); had lower perceived risk than those who smoked for less than 10 years. Also, smokers who started smoking at 20+ years old had lower perceived risk than those who started before the age of 20 [coefficient=-1.61, [-2.76, -0.46] 95%CI, P<0.0001].
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the perceived risk of participants was relatively low. Also, the perceived risk decreases as the duration of smoking increases. It seems necessary to carry out interventions to inform about the harms of smoking and to enhance public awareness about the heightened risks of diseases such as lung cancer and COPD among cigarettes smokers.
Patient Characteristics and Outcomes of Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma at a Safety-Net System Compared to an Academic Comprehensive Cancer Center
Authors: Froessl Luise , Sottero Theo , Brown Steven , Li Hsiao , Kainthla Radhika , Sadeghi Navid 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma often follows an indolent course but carries a risk of late recurrence and transformation. Given its rarity, there is significant variability in the treatment patterns at various healthcare centers. This study aimed to compare the patient characteristics and outcomes of NLPHL patients treated at Parkland Health, the safety-net system for uninsured/underinsured patients in Dallas County with patients treated at the neighboring NCI-designated Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center (SCCC). Our cohort included 53 adult patients (25 at PH vs 28 at SCCC). PH patients were more likely to belong to racial/ethnic minority groups (Black non-Hispanic 84% at PH vs 32% at SCCC; Hispanic 16% at PH vs 0% at SCCC, p <0.01) and to be uninsured (60% at PH vs. 0% at SCCC, p <0.01). Overall, 38% of patients presented at a late stage (stage III-IV) and was not different based on site of care (11 at PH vs 9 at SCCC; p=0.37). Site of care (PH vs SCCC) or race/ethnicity did not impact the treatment choice. At a median follow-up of 60 months (IQR 21, 83), 6 recurrences and 5 transformations were noted. Overall median survival was 62 months (IQR 21.5-84.5). Despite health inequities that typically impact safety-net patients, we did not observe differences in treatment patterns or outcomes of Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma between patients treated at PH compared to SCCC.
Circulating monocytes decrease significantly following disease-directed therapy and may reflect disease expansion in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
Authors: Ali Haadi , Reynolds Sam , Wilcox Sabrina , Chipalkatti Naina , Ahmed Asra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

We aimed to examine the association between relative monocytosis and the recurrence of pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis. Clinical, laboratory, radiographic and treatment data for 86 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis over a 20-year duration. Parameters such as biological sex, age at diagnosis, time to diagnosis, molecular diagnostic data and imaging were collected. Treatment responses were assessed predominantly through radiography, with RECIST 1.1 criteria applied to MRI or CT scans and PERCIST utilized for serial PET imaging. Investigators also assessed peripheral blood absolute monocyte count at various time points, including initial diagnosis and the most recently available value. While peripheral blood absolute monocyte count between the earliest assessed timepoint and latest value did not differ, the mean value on progression (0.94 K/µL), however, was significantly higher than that following re-institution of therapy (0.31, p = 0.000794. Our observation of relative monocytosis on LCH disease progression may be related to an increase in circulating LCH on disease progression or from increased monocyte production for later differentiation into mature dendritic cells that participate in MHC Class 1 upregulation. This trend is especially evident in pulmonary LCH which is incited by tissue trauma and irritation by environmental factors. The phenomena observed in our study parallel other non-LCH cohorts, specifically in published findings from our own group in patients with Rosai Dorfman and Erdheim Chester Disease. To further elucidate the molecular underpinnings of LCH and explore the etiology of this monocyte trend, expanded integrated genomic-transcriptomic sequencing analyses to evaluate the molecular character of LCH and ultimately clarify the origin of this monocyte trend are in progress. These studies are poised to offer invaluable insight to the molecular mechanisms underlying LCH, specifically as they pertain to monocyte signaling and differentiation.
Unveiling the Tradeoff between Device Scale and Surface Nonidealities toward an Optimized Quality Factor at Room Temperature in 2D MoS2 Nanomechanical Resonators
Authors: Yang Rui , Zhang Pengcheng , Jia Yueyang , Yuan Shuai , Xie Maosong , Liu Zuheng , Jia Hao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A high quality (Q) factor is essential for enhancing the performance of resonant nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). NEMS resonators based on two-dimensional (2D) materials such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) have high frequency tunability, large dynamic range, and high sensitivity, yet the room-temperature Q is typically below 1,000. Here we systematically investigate the size effects on Q by measuring 52 fully-clamped circular MoS2 NEMS resonators with diameters from 1 µm to 8 µm, and optimize the Q by combining the size effect with the strain-modulated dissipation model. We find that the Q first increases and then decreases with diameter, with an optimized room-temperature Q up to 3,105 ± 207 at for a 2-µm-diameter device. Through extensive characterization and analysis using Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, we demonstrate that surface nonidealities such as wrinkles, residues, and bubbles are especially significant for decreasing the Q especially for larger suspended membranes, while resonators with flat and smooth surfaces typically show larger Q factors. To further optimize the Q factor, we measure and model the Q dependence on gate voltage, showing that smaller DC and radio-frequency (RF) driving voltages always lead to a higher Q factor. Such optimization of Q factor delineates a straightforward and promising pathway for designing high-Q 2D NEMS resonators towards ultrasensitive transducers, efficient RF communications, and low-power memory and computing.
Design of a miniaturized dual circularly polarized implantable antenna by using characteristic mode method
Authors: Song Zhiwei , Xu Xiaoming , Wang Yuchao , Shi Youwei , Zheng Xianren , Wang Lu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The characteristic mode method is used to design a miniaturized dual-band dual circularly polarized (CP) implantable antenna operating in ISM bands. The miniaturization and dual-band characteristics are gained by using the slotting method and by inserting a short-circuit probe between the radiation patch and the ground plane. We use the characteristic mode method to study the current distribution of circular radiation patches with T-shaped slots in different modes. After opening a cross-shaped slot at the center of the radiation patch and the ground plane, we obtained two orthogonal modes with equal amplitude and phase difference of 90° in two operating frequency bands, ultimately achieving CP characteristics of the antenna. Its overall size is only π×4.72×0.889 mm3, smaller than other CP implantable antennas with similar performances, and it has satisfactory radiation efficiency and gain characteristics. Measurements show that it can operate in the ISM bands of 0.9 and 2.4 GHz with an effective 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth greater than 220 MHz (0.87 to 1.09 GHz, 22.45%) and 230 MHz (2.31 to 2.54 GHz, 9.48%), and its peak gain is -29.5 dBi and -19.2 dBi, respectively. And, this design complies with IEEE safety guidelines.
Predictive role of Soluble B-Cell Maturation Antigen in short-term monitoring of differently treated multiple myeloma patients: a prospective study
Authors: Caponi Laura , Giudice Maria Livia Del , Botti Alice , Ursino Silvia , Gennari Alberto , Barachini Serena , Paolicchi Aldo , Galimberti Sara , Buda Gabriele 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The management of multiple myeloma is a complex endeavor, because the disease is incurable and unexpected relapses can threaten the patient's survival. Several assessment systems are currently available, but they often require invasive or expensive procedures (e.g. bone marrow and whole-body instrumental examinations) or depend on non-specific markers in blood and urine that may not be sufficient to assess and monitor the disease. To address these limitations, this study evaluates the potential utilization of sBCMA, a novel and promising serum biomarker, in an unselected cohort of newly diagnosed and relapsed myeloma patients. The cohort was followed for six months from the initiation of a new therapy. sBCMA was detectable in peripheral blood even in non-secretory disease or during BCMA-targeted therapies, and significant changes in its levels were observed. The analysis showed that the decrease in sBCMA at months 1 and 6 reflects the quality of the clinical response to the anti-myeloma regimens. The data provide compelling insights into the utility of sBCMA in early assessment of treatment efficacy.
Is poor self-rated health a useful indicator of cardiometabolic abnormalities in people on antidepressants? A population-based study
Authors: Umeh Kanayo , Adaji S 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Research suggests regular screening for metabolic abnormalities in antidepressant users is required to manage the potential adverse metabolic effects of the drugs. Although fragmented evidence suggests poor self-reported health (SRH) may be a useful diagnostic indicator of metabolic dysfunction in antidepressant users research in this area is sparse. This study examined whether SRH explains the excess metabolic dysfunction in patients prescribed antidepressants.
Method
A total of 622 adults prescribed antidepressants were identified from the 2019 HSE (Health Survey for England). Data on SRH and cardiometabolic variables (HDL-C (mmol/L), BMI (kg/m2), waist/hip ratio (cm), systolic/diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), and HbA1c (mmol/mol)) was also extracted. Bootstrapped regression analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM) were used to analyse the data.
Results
People on antidepressants showed lower HDL-C (mmol/L) (∆R2 = 0.003, F (1, 2967) = 9.684, p = 0.002), and higher waist/hip ratio (cm) (∆R2 = 0.007, F (1, 2967) = 37.240, p = 0.000), BMI (kg/m2) (∆R2 = 0.014, F (1, 2967) = 42.485, p = 0.000), and HbA1c (mmol/mol) (∆R2 = 0.007, F (1, 2967) = 24.814, p = 0.000), compared to non-depressed participants. However, accounting for SRH negated the association between antidepressant usage and HDL-C (mmol/L) (β = -0.011, p = 0.514). Multiple SEM models showed that SRH mediated the association between antidepressant usage and HDL-C, generating a model with good fit (χ2 (CMIN) = 0.294, df = 1, p = 0.587, χ2 (CMIN)/df = 0.294, RMSEA = 0.000, CFI = 1.000, TLI = 1.006 and NFI = 1.000). Robustness checks (sensitivity analyses), including variations in SRH categorisation, log-transformation, tests for quadratic functions, and management of missing data, confirmed the mediating effect of SRH on relations between antidepressant usage and HDL-C (mmol/L).
Conclusion
SRH may constitute a useful clinical indicator of dyslipidemia amongst antidepressant users.
Plio-Pleistocene hydrothermal events of the Baza Basin (Betic Cordillera, SE Spain) and their paleoecological implications
Authors: García-Aguilar José Manuel , Campaña Isidoro , Martínez-Navarro Bienvenido , Guerra-Merchán Antonio , Rodríguez-Ruiz M. Dolores , Rodríguez-Gómez Guillermo , Granados Alejandro , León-Reina Laura , Espigares M. Patrocinio , Ros-Montoya Sergio , Palmqvist Paul 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The Early Pliocene to late Middle Pleistocene continental sedimentary infillings of the Baza Basin (Guadix-Baza Depression, SE Spain) are worldwide unique by their high stratigraphic completeness and exceptional preservation of their fossil record of terrestrial vertebrates. These sediments were deposited in fluvio-lacustrine environments and preserve huge assemblages of large mammals, including the oldest evidence of hominin presence in Western Europe at the late Early Pleistocene sites of Barranco León and Fuente Nueva-3, dated to ∼1.4 Ma. Since latest Miocene times, the basin was subject to intense tectonic activity, showing sedimentary deposits originated from ancient hot springs. These hot springs were developed in a spatio-temporal network related to tectonic fractures, showing a higher concentration in the Orce sub-basin during Late Pliocene to Holocene times. Compositional analyses of cherts and other facies associated with these hot springs show geochemical and mineralogical markers linked to hydrothermal scenarios. The contribution of hot springs in the Baza Basin resulted in rich and productive biotopes, which supported a high diversity and biomass of terrestrial mammals. Similar geological, hydrochemical and ecological environments are found along hotspot lines in East Africa, the Levantine Corridor and the circum-Mediterranean realm. We hypothesize here that the presence of these hot springs corridors favored the dispersal of hominins and other large mammals during the Plio-Pleistocene, which led to the first hominin arrival in Europe.
A Novel Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) Power Plant Layout Design for Deployment in Long and Narrow Space
Authors: Shriwastav Surbhi , Saxena Ajay Kumar , Babu G. S. Sailesh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Solar photovoltaic (SPV) power plants have evolved as an integral component of an environmentally responsible solution for the generation of electricity. This is because there is an ongoing and growing need for renewable sources of energy. The widespread installation of large-scale SPV systems has a number of challenges, one of which is the restricted availability of land in metropolitan and densely populated locations. This study suggests a ground-breaking strategy for developing a unique SPV power plant design that is best for deployment in long and narrow locations, such as highways, trains, and other linear infrastructures. This architecture is optimized for deployment in these types of environments since it maximizes space utilization. MATLAB is the tool that the authors of this study utilize in order to simulate the results. The study provides a solid foundation for enhancing energy system efficiency, and the future looks bright for both the application of these results and the development and implementation of sustainable solutions in the energy sector.
Progressive thickening of retinal nerve fiber and ganglion cell complex layers following SDM Vision Protection Therapy for Open Angle Glaucoma: Evidence of Therapeutic Retinal (CNS) Neuroregeneration
Authors: Luttrull Jeffrey K , Tzekov Radouil , Bhavan Sathy V 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To determine the effect on nerve fiber layer (NFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness trends in eyes with open angle glaucoma (OAG) treated with Vision Protection Therapy™ (VPT).
Background
Progressive thinning of the NFL and GCC in OAG is the rule.
Method
A retrospective analysis of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) measured NFL and GCC thickness trends was performed, excluding eyes with poor quality scans and principal diagnoses other than OAG. This study compares eyes with OAG managed conventionally with IOP control alone (controls), to eyes managed with the addition of VPT (VPT eyes). The direction (+ or - ) and magnitude (microns/year) of the OCT trends were the study endpoints. Results: 78 control eyes of 40 patients (avg age 73 years) and 61 VPT eyes of 39 patients (avg age 78 years) were included for study. Mean observation periods (days) were 708 for controls and 730 for VPT. Positive NFL trends were noted in 5% of control eyes vs 71% of VPT eyes (p < 0.0001). Positive GCC trends were noted in 8% of control eyes vs 43% of VPT eyes (p < 0.0001). Mean NFL trends (um/year) were − 0.692 for controls vs + 0.347 for VPT (p < 0.0001). Mean GCC trends (um/year) were − 0.554 for controls vs -0.148 for VPT (p = 0.0175).
Conclusion
Addition of VPT to conventional management of OAG resulted in highly significant improvements in NFL and GCC trends. These results suggest VPT may elicit clinically therapeutic retinal (CNS) neuroregeneration.
Presenteeism and Chinese Clinical Nurses' Turnover Intention: The mediating role of Frustration and Job Burnout
Authors: he qingsen , zhang dandan , cao shan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective The turnover behavior of nurses is not conducive to the stability of the nursing team, so it is necessary to study the influencing factors of clinical nurse turnover intention. Therefore, this study aims to explore the impact of presenteeism on the turnover intention of Chinese clinical nurses, and examine the role of frustration and job burnout.
Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to investigate 1127 clinical nurses from 6 hospitals in Henan Province, China. Using structural equation modeling to verify the mediating effect of frustration and job burnout on the relationship between presenteeism and turnover intention.
Results The correlation analysis showed that presenteeism was significantly related to frustration, job burnout and turnover intention（r= 0.24，0.28，0.31，P＜0. 001）, and frustration was significantly related to job burnout and turnover intention（r= 0.48，0.39，P＜0. 001）; Job burnout was significantly correlated with turnover intention（r= 0.58，P＜0. 001）；The mediating effect of frustration（95%CI：0.014～0.062） and job burnout 95%CI：0.072～0.154）between presenteeism and work turnover intention, and the chain mediating effect of frustration and job burnout（95%CI：0.043～0.087）are significant,the intermediary effect accounts for 59.38% of the total effect.
Conclusions The results indicate that presenteeism not only directly affects the turnover intention of clinical nurses, but also influences their turnover intention through frustration and job burnout. These results provide certain theoretical support and guidance for the study and improvement of turnover intention of clinical nurses, and emphasize measures such as reducing presenteeism, weakening frustration, and alleviating job burnout to reduce the turnover rate of clinical nurses.
Step-by-step Elimination Algorithm Based on Modified Radial Data Visualization to Predict the Response to FOLFOX Treatment of CRC Patients
Authors: Kryczka Jakub , Bachorz Rafał Adam , Kryczka Jolanta , Boncela Joanna 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: The application of the FOLFOX chemotherapy scheme to colorectal cancer (CRC) patients often results in the development of resistance to its components, leading to therapeutic failure. This study aimed to develop a functional and easy-to-use algorithm to predict patients’ response to FOLFOX treatment. The transcriptomic data of samples from CRC patients treated with FOLFOX were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE83129, GSE28702, GSE69657, GSE19860 and GSE41568). By comparing the expression of the top up- and downregulated genes in the FOLFOX responder and nonresponder patient groups, we selected 30 potential markers that were used to create a step-by-step elimination procedure based on modified radial data visualization, which depicts the interplay between the expression levels of chosen attributes (genes) to locate data points in low-dimensional space.
Results: Our analysis revealed that FOLFOX-resistant CRC samples are predominantly characterized by upregulated expression of TMEM182and MCM9 and downregulated expression of LRRFIP1. Additionally, we developed a procedure based on the expression levels of TMEM182, MCM9, LRRFIP1, LAMP1, FAM161A, KLHL36, ETV5, RNF168, SRSF11, NCKAP5, CRTAP, VAMP2, ZBTB49 and RIMBP2 that could predict the response to FOLFOX therapy.
Conclusion: Our approach can provide unique insight into clinical decision-making regarding therapy scheme administration, potentially increasing patient survival and, as a consequence, medical futility due to incorrect therapy.
A Pilot Longitudinal Study of Decrease in Cognitive Functions during the Most Painful Day of the Period among Women with Primary Dysmenorrhea
Authors: Kluska Julia Klaudia , Malinowska Ewa , Kowalski Joachim 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Painful menstruation is a common problem associated with many limitations in day-to-day functioning. There is limited research on the temporary effects of menstrual pain on cognitive functioning.
Method
A longitudinal pilot study was conducted. A group of 32 women was tested with the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT), which consists of 7 tests measuring various cognitive functions. Participants were tested both on a regular, pain-free day and the most painful day of their period.
Results
The subjects displayed significantly lower results in several domains of cognitive functions during measurement on the most painful day of the period. We observed a decline in inhibitory and cognitive control, attention functioning and processing speed.
Conclusions
The results provide tentative evidence for experiencing cognitive difficulties under the influence of menstrual pain and may contribute to raising awareness about related difficulties