bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct geographic parthenogenesis in spite of niche conservatism and a single ploidy level: A case of Rubus ser. Glandulosi (Rosaceae)
Authors: Sochor Michal , Duchoslav Martin , Forejtová Věra , Hroneš Michal , Konečná Michaela , Trávníček Bohumil 
Published: February 2024

Summary

Asexual organisms often differ in their geographic distributions from their sexual relatives. This phenomenon, termed geographic parthenogenesis, has long been known, but the underlying factors behind its diverse patterns have been under dispute. Particularly problematic is an association between asexuality and polyploidy in most taxa. Here, we present a new system of geographic parthenogenesis on the tetraploid level, promising new insights into this complex topic.

We used flow cytometric seed screen and microsatellite genotyping to characterise the patterns of distribution of sexuals and apomicts and genotypic distributions in Rubus ser. Glandulosi across its range. Ecological modelling and local‐scale vegetation and soil analyses were used to test for niche differentiation between the reproductive groups.

Apomicts were detected only in North‐western Europe, sexuals in the rest of the range in Europe and West Asia, with a sharp borderline stretched across Central Europe. Despite that, we found no significant differences in ecological niches. Genotypic richness distributions suggested independence of the reproductive groups and a secondary contact.

We argue that unless a niche differentiation (resulting from polyploidy and/or hybridity) evolves, the main factors behind the patterns of geographic parthenogenesis in plants are phylogeographic history and neutral microevolutionary processes, such as clonal turnover.
Manipulation of soil mycorrhizal fungi influences floral traits
Authors: Hyjazie Batoule F. , Sargent Risa D. 
Published: February 2024

Summary
Most plants form root hyphal relationships with mycorrhizal fungi, especially arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). These associations are known to positively impact plant biomass and competitive ability. However, less is known about how mycorrhizas impact other ecological interactions, such as those mediated by pollinators.
We performed a meta‐regression of studies that manipulated AMF and measured traits related to pollination, including floral display size, rewards, visitation, and reproduction, extracting 63 studies with 423 effects.
On average, the presence of mycorrhizas was associated with positive effects on floral traits. Specifically, we found impacts of AMF on floral display size, pollinator visitation and reproduction, and a positive but nonsignificant impact on rewards. Studies manipulating mycorrhizas with fungicide tended to report contrasting results, possibly because fungicide destroys both beneficial and pathogenic microbes.
Our study highlights the potential for relationships with mycorrhizal fungi to play an important, yet underrecognized role in plant–pollinator interactions. With heightened awareness of the need for a more sustainable agricultural industry, mycorrhizal fungi may offer the opportunity to reduce reliance on inorganic fertilizers. At the same time, fungicides are now ubiquitous in agricultural systems. Our study demonstrates indirect ways in which plant‐belowground fungal partnerships could manifest in plant–pollinator interactions.
Insights into a functional model of key deubiquitinases UBP12/13 in plants
Authors: Zhang Shiqi , Hu Ningning , Yu Feifei 
Published: February 2024

SummaryUnderstanding the complexities of protein ubiquitination is crucial, as it plays a multifaceted role in controlling protein stability, activity, subcellular localization, and interaction, which are central to diverse biological processes. Deubiquitinases (DUBs) serve to reverse ubiquitination, but research progress in plant DUBs is noticeably limited. Among existing studies, UBIQUITIN‐SPECIFIC PROTEASE 12 (UBP12) and UBP13 have garnered attention for their extensive role in diverse biological processes in plants. This review systematically summarizes the recent advancements in UBP12/13 studies, emphasizing their function, and their substrate specificity, their relationship with E3 ubiquitin ligases, and the similarities and differences with their mammalian orthologue, USP7. By unraveling the molecular mechanisms of UBP12/13, this review offers in‐depth insights into the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) in plants and aims to catalyze further explorations and comprehensive understanding in this field.
Long‐term stability of curve of Spee depth among orthodontically treated patients: A retrospective longitudinal study
Authors: Busenhart Dan Mike , Schätzle Marc , Eliades Theodore , Papageorgiou Spyridon N. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe curve of Spee is deemed important characteristic of the dentition for a balanced occlusion and distribution of masticatory forces, while orthodontic levelling of an accentuated curve of Spee is generally included as a treatment goal for deepbite correction. However, relapse is often seen and can be problematic.MethodsA retrospective longitudinal study of predominantly young patients with a deep curve of Spee, who had been treated orthodontically with 0.018”‐slot Edgewise fixed appliances, was performed. The depth of the curve of Spee was digitally measured before treatment (T1), at debond (T2), and an average of 7 years post‐debond (T3) and analysed statistically at 5%.ResultsA total of 157 patients were included (56.7% female; 11.6‐year‐old at T1), 16.6% of which were treated with premolars extractions. Non‐extraction treatment reduced the curve of Spee at the first premolar from 1.87 mm (T1) to 0.22 mm (T2), which relapsed 0.12 mm (T3; P = .04). The respective depths for the second premolar were 2.0 mm (T1), reduced to 0.80 mm (T2). No significant relapse was seen for the second premolar (0.08 mm; P > .05) or the first permanent molar (0.06 mm; P > .05). No overall significant differences in absolute relapse were seen between extraction and non‐extraction patients, but premolar extractions were associated with less clinically relevant relapse at the first molar (odds ratio 0.27; 95%‐confidence interval 0.08‐0.88; P = .003).ConclusionSteep curves of Spee can be satisfactorily levelled orthodontically with satisfactory stability in the long term, while premolar extractions might be associated with less relapse.
Safety and Effectiveness of Robotic‐Arm Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Yuan Mingcheng , Ling Tingxian , Su Qiang , Wan Xufeng , Lai Yahao , Zhou Zongke 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveWe investigated the advantages of robotic arm‐assisted total knee arthroplasty (raTKA) over conventional manual TKA (cmTKA) by comprehensively comparing patients who received raTKA and cmTKA in terms of postoperative pain, function, imaging assessment, and trauma to the body. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of raTKA in patients using the YUANHUA‐TKA system.MethodsIn a prospective, randomized single‐blind trial, 60 patients undergoing primary unilateral TKA from October 2020 to December 2020 were randomly assigned to either raTKA or cmTKA. Clinical evaluation, including the time of osteotomy and prosthesis model testing, the total operation time, the visual analogue scale at rest, VAS in motion, opioid consumption, white blood cell count, neutrophil ratio, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C‐reactive protein (CRP), passive and active range of motion (pROM, aROM), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC [stiffness, pain, and function]) score, gait analysis, keen society score (KSS), adverse events, and blood loss were collected by the project nurse, as well as the imaging evaluation, including the lateral tibia component angle (LTC), frontal femoral component angle, frontal tibia component angle (FTC), lateral femoral component angl, and hip–knee–ankle angle (HKA). The student t‐test (or the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test) and the χ2‐test (or the Fisher exact test) were used to determine differences in categorical variables.ResultsNo significant difference was found between the two groups in pain throughout the whole follow‐up period. On the third day postoperatively, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the cmTKA group was significantly higher (p = 0.02), as well as the CRP (p = 0.04). No significant difference was found in the WOMAC stiffnes score or pROM. However, the aROM and the flexion range when walking (FRW) were significantly better in the raTKA group throughout the trial (p < 0.05). The KSS at the 1‐month follow‐up and the WOMAC function score at the 1‐year follow‐up were both significantly better in the raTKA group (p < 0.05). The HKA and the LTC in the raTKA group closer to the ideal angle, and the difference between the groups was significant (p < 0.05). The total operation time of the raTKA group was significantly longer (p = 0.001). The intraoperative blood loss had no significant difference in the two groups.ConclusionCompared with cmTKA, raTKA with the YUANHUA robot not only avoids extra pain and trauma in patients but promises better functional recovery and improves the accuracy of the prosthesis position and axial alignment reconstruction.
Comparing the performance of ChatGPT GPT‐4, Bard, and Llama‐2 in the Taiwan Psychiatric Licensing Examination and in differential diagnosis with multi‐center psychiatrists
Authors: Li Dian‐Jeng , Kao Yu‐Chen , Tsai Shih‐Jen , Bai Ya‐Mei , Yeh Ta‐Chuan , Chu Che‐Sheng , Hsu Chih‐Wei , Cheng Szu‐Wei , Hsu Tien‐Wei , Liang Chih‐Sung , Su Kuan‐Pin 
Published: February 2024

AimLarge language models (LLMs) have been suggested to play a role in medical education and medical practice. However, the potential of their application in the psychiatric domain has not been well‐studied.MethodIn the first step, we compared the performance of ChatGPT GPT‐4, Bard, and Llama‐2 in the 2022 Taiwan Psychiatric Licensing Examination conducted in traditional Mandarin. In the second step, we compared the scores of these three LLMs with those of 24 experienced psychiatrists in 10 advanced clinical scenario questions designed for psychiatric differential diagnosis.ResultOnly GPT‐4 passed the 2022 Taiwan Psychiatric Licensing Examination (scoring 69 and ≥ 60 being considered a passing grade), while Bard scored 36 and Llama‐2 scored 25. GPT‐4 outperformed Bard and Llama‐2, especially in the areas of ‘Pathophysiology & Epidemiology’ (χ2 = 22.4, P < 0.001) and ‘Psychopharmacology & Other therapies’ (χ2 = 15.8, P < 0.001). In the differential diagnosis, the mean score of the 24 experienced psychiatrists (mean 6.1, standard deviation 1.9) was higher than that of GPT‐4 (5), Bard (3), and Llama‐2 (1).ConclusionCompared to Bard and Llama‐2, GPT‐4 demonstrated superior abilities in identifying psychiatric symptoms and making clinical judgments. Besides, GPT‐4's ability for differential diagnosis closely approached that of the experienced psychiatrists. GPT‐4 revealed a promising potential as a valuable tool in psychiatric practice among the three LLMs.
Viability and dormancy of the Clematis vitalba aerial seed bank
Authors: Jarvis‐Lowry B. , Harrington K. C. , Ghanizadeh H. , Robertson A. W. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Old man's beard (Clematis vitalba L.) is a liana species that has become invasive in many areas of its introduced range. Seeds are produced in abundance and are both physiologically and morphologically dormant upon maturity. To understand the importance of seeds to its invasiveness, changes in viability and dormancy of the aerial seed bank were tracked throughout the after‐ripening period and during storage.
Seeds collected every second month for 2 years were subjected to germination tests. Other seeds stored in outdoor ambient conditions or in a dry, chilled state were dissected before, during, and after imbibition, as well as during incubation, to measure embryo size.
Less than 72% of seeds on the mother plant were viable. Viable seeds remained completely morpho‐physiologically dormant throughout autumn, even when treated with nitrate. Physiological dormancy declined in response to seasonal changes, yet morphological dormancy did not change until seeds had been exposed to appropriate germination conditions for several days. Fully dormant autumn seeds decayed at higher rates during incubation than partially or fully after‐ripened seeds, which were also more germinable and less dormant. Furthermore, seeds incubated in complete darkness were more likely to decay or remain dormant than those exposed to light.
This study demonstrates that fewer than three‐quarters of seeds produced are viable and further decay occurs after dispersal, yet total fertility is still very high, with enormous propagule pressure from seeds alone. Viable seeds are protected with two forms of dormancy; morphological dormancy requires additional germination cues in order to break after seasonal changes break physiological dormancy.
Taxonomic study of the polyphyletic Dudresnaya (Dumontiaceae, Florideophyceae) with descriptions of Dudresnaya ryukyuensis sp. nov. and two new genera, Himehibirhodia and Nudresdaya
Authors: Hoshino Masakazu , Wakeman Kevin C. , Kato Aki , Kitayama Taiju , Sherwood Alison R. , Uwai Shinya , Kogame Kazuhiro 
Published: February 2024

SUMMARYThe red algal genus Dudresnaya (Dumontiaceae, Gigartinales) has traditionally been a morphologically well‐defined taxon, but its molecular phylogeny has rarely been studied. To examine the phylogenetic relationships among Dudresnaya species, we generated new partial sequences of mitochondrial cox1, chloroplast rbcL and nuclear 28S rRNA genes from an undescribed Dudresnaya species from Okinawa Island, Japan, alongside five additional described species. Our phylogenetic analyses show that Dudresnaya is genetically diverse and polyphyletic. Based on molecular phylogeny and morphological data, we describe the Okinawan Dudresnaya as a new species, Dudresnaya ryukyuensis, and transferred Dudresnaya minima and Dudresnaya littleri, which were phylogenetically and morphologically distinct from the genuine Dudresnaya, to the new genera Himehibirhodia and Nudresdaya, respectively. Our phylogenetic analyses also showed that the Dumontiaceae is not a monophyletic group including the Gainiaceae and Rhizophyllidaceae (DGR complex). Considering that the DGR complex exhibits female reproductive structures and their post‐fertilization development that are similar to each other, the DGR complex appears to be recognized as the Dumontiaceae sensu lato.
Analysis of dementia research trends in nursing using text mining approach
Authors: Atay Eda , Bahadır Yılmaz Emel , Atay Metehan 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTThis research aimed to analyze dementia research trends in nursing using a text mining approach. In this study, text mining approach was used to analyze the studies on dementia in the field of nursing around the world. In this study, summaries of all available publications in English between the years 1990–2023 were extracted from the database and transferred to an Excel table by using the ‘Nursing’ AND ‘Dementia’ query from the Thomson Reuters‐ISI Web of Science database. According to the results of this research, a total of 21 concept groups were identified, four of which were the most important. It was determined that the most frequently used word in all of the studies obtained from the database was ‘cost’. In this direction, scientific research on dementia in the field of nursing can be planned by evaluating the most frequently used concepts.
Attention to the domains of Revised Hasegawa Dementia Scale and Mini‐Mental State Examination in patients with Alzheimer's disease dementia
Authors: Honjo Yasuyuki , Ide Kazuki , Nagai Kuniaki , Yuri Takuma , Nakai Hideaki , Kawasaki Ippei , Harada Shun , Ogawa Noriyuki 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn Japan, Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD) is the most common cognitive disease, and the most widely used dementia screening tests are the Revised Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS‐R) and Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE). This study sought to elucidate the relationships of the individual domains of these tests with age and duration of school education in a large group of patients with AD.MethodsParticipants were 505 new outpatients diagnosed with AD who completed the HDS‐R and MMSE at the first visit. We investigated the relationships of total and individual domains of these tests with age and duration of school education using the least squares method. Next, we plotted regression lines of the individual domain scores against the total test scores.ResultsYounger age and longer duration of school education were significantly associated with higher total HDS‐R and MMSE scores in AD. Domain‐specific results indicated that younger age was significantly associated with a higher immediate memory score on both the HDS‐R and MMSE and with a higher orientation (time), repetition score on the MMSE. Longer duration of school education was significantly associated with a higher working memory score on the HDS‐R and with higher serial 7, repetition and writing scores on the MMSE. In addition, shorter duration of school education was significantly associated with higher naming score on the MMSE. The regression lines of orientation of time, remote memory, visual memory, and verbal frequency hit the bottom on the HDS‐R (4/30, 8/30, 4/30, and 6/30, respectively) and of orientation of time, serial 7, remote memory, and writing also hit the bottom on the MMSE (8/30, 9/30, 11/30, and 8/30, respectively).ConclusionsWe should pay attention to age, duration of school education, and the individual domains when using the HDS‐R or MMSE to assess patients with AD.
Barrier or opportunity? How trade regulations shape Colombian firms' export strategies
Authors: Rosenow Samuel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFirms increasingly have to contend with trade regulations to access foreign markets. We quantify their relative importance and the heterogeneous effects for Colombians firms exporting to Latin America between 2007 and 2017, focusing on specific types and channels. Using panel evidence from a firm‐level gravity model with a difference‐in‐differences identification strategy, technical barriers to trade (TBTs) and quantity control measures both decrease trade on average. Other non‐tariff measures and tariffs play a minor role. At its core, TBT and quantity measures reallocate trade from small to big firms. The same mechanism benefits firms participating in global value chains. However, quantity controls make it more likely that big firm will leave export markets to the benefit of smaller ones. Our results control for the endogeneity of trade regulations and are robust to the use of different samples and measures of firm size.
Levels and facets of university students' stress during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Longitudinal evidence from the first two academic years in Germany and the U.S.
Authors: Höhne Elisabeth , von Keyserlingk Luise , Haase Jannika , Arum Richard , Zander Lysann 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFollowing its outbreak, the COVID‐19 pandemic had strong negative effects on university students' stress and mental health worldwide. Using two longitudinal datasets from Germany (N = 504) and the U.S. (N = 893), we investigated how students' stress developed over the first two academic years during the pandemic. In both studies, we found elevated levels of students' stress at the beginning of the pandemic. In Germany, we found a significant intraindividual decrease in students' general stress experiences even before universities had returned to in‐person classes. When examining specific stress facets in the U.S., we found that students' academic stress increased during the first pandemic year with remote teaching and decreased significantly after the university resumed normal operations, that is, in‐person classes and on‐campus residence. Students' practical stress decreased towards all later time points compared to the onset of the pandemic, whereas health stress continuously increased until the university resumed normal operations. We report differences by students' demographic backgrounds (gender, college generation status, childcare status, ethnicity, academic year) and discuss our findings against the background of the course of the pandemic in the particular context in which both studies were conducted.
Interesting case from Argentina: Kidney transplant recipient with skin lesions—A Latin American perspective
Authors: Radisic Marcelo Víctor , Santoro Lopes Guilherme , Hasslocher‐Moreno Alejandro Marcel , Eichenberger Emily M. , Hall Victoria G. , Pujato Natalia Rosana , Clemente Wanessa Trindade 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis is a case of a kidney transplant recipient who presented with skin lesions, low‐grade fevers, and pancytopenia 2 months after his transplant.
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Cell‐type‐specific transcriptomics uncovers spatial regulatory networks in bioenergy sorghum stems
Authors: Fu Jie , McKinley Brian , James Brandon , Chrisler William , Markillie Lye Meng , Gaffrey Matthew J. , Mitchell Hugh D. , Riaz Muhammad Rizwan , Marcial Brenda , Orr Galya , Swaminathan Kankshita , Mullet John , Marshall‐Colon Amy 
Published: February 2024

SUMMARYBioenergy sorghum is a low‐input, drought‐resilient, deep‐rooting annual crop that has high biomass yield potential enabling the sustainable production of biofuels, biopower, and bioproducts. Bioenergy sorghum's 4–5 m stems account for ~80% of the harvested biomass. Stems accumulate high levels of sucrose that could be used to synthesize bioethanol and useful biopolymers if information about cell‐type gene expression and regulation in stems was available to enable engineering. To obtain this information, laser capture microdissection was used to isolate and collect transcriptome profiles from five major cell types that are present in stems of the sweet sorghum Wray. Transcriptome analysis identified genes with cell‐type‐specific and cell‐preferred expression patterns that reflect the distinct metabolic, transport, and regulatory functions of each cell type. Analysis of cell‐type‐specific gene regulatory networks (GRNs) revealed that unique transcription factor families contribute to distinct regulatory landscapes, where regulation is organized through various modes and identifiable network motifs. Cell‐specific transcriptome data was combined with known secondary cell wall (SCW) networks to identify the GRNs that differentially activate SCW formation in vascular sclerenchyma and epidermal cells. The spatial transcriptomic dataset provides a valuable source of information about the function of different sorghum cell types and GRNs that will enable the engineering of bioenergy sorghum stems, and an interactive web application developed during this project will allow easy access and exploration of the data (https://mc‐lab.shinyapps.io/lcm‐dataset/).