bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forgiving and Retaining Sin: a Study of the Text and Context of John 20:23
Authors: Hansen Steven E. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractJohn 20:23 is a perplexing. text. While it records a statement of Jesus to his disciples on the first Easter evening, its interpretation has tended to divide his disciples through the Church's history. A proper understanding of the saying has been made more difficult because of methodological flaws of many interpreters. This paper hopes to overcome this problem by examining these flaws and offering a new interpretation of the text in light of its context in the Gospel of John.
Matthew's Infancy Narrative and the Nativity of an Emerging Community
Authors: Hultgren Arland J. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThat Matthew's infancy narrative (1:1-2:23) was composed with OT materials in view is widely accepted. The evangelist's compositional use of formula quotations (1:22; 2:15, 17, 23) and his drawing upon OT stories about the birth and infancy of Moses, while telling of the birth and infancy of Jesus, stand out in particular.1 But beyond parallels to - or backgrounds in - texts and the person of Moses, there is a fascinating parallel between Matthew's infancy narrative and major narratives stretching from Genesis into Exodus (and to some extent even into Numbers)- narratives which set forth Israel's "national epic." When attention is given to those scriptural narratives as background, Matthew's infancy narrative can be understood as providing a script for the self-understanding of the origins of the Matthean community in the post-Easter setting - indeed, the nativity of an emerging community.
Brueggemann's Old Testament Theology: A Review Article
Authors: Gowan Donald E. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThere is a sameness about Old Testament theologies that makes the reading of most of them more a chore than a treat. The subject-matter will be about the same in every book-will it not?_and variety, if any, will be found in the way it is organized. Most of the discussions of Old Testament theology, in fact, have to do with how to organize it. Thus, it was a treat when Gerhard von Rad's work appeared, for it was a truly original approach, filled with new insights and hints at where future research might go.1 The same may be said of Walter Brueggemann's book.2 It will be widely discussed, because of the impressive learning of its author, its original structure, and its bold effort to find a way through the confusion that marks much of biblical scholarship at the end of the twentieth century. In addition to providing the material one expects to find in such a work, B. writes with the passion of one who is out to make a case. The theme of the book is testimony, and the book itself is also a testimony. This review article represents one, early effort to appreciate and evaluate this important work. The book begins with two lengthy chapters surveying the history of Old Testament theology and the issues currently facing those who would engage in that enterprise. The heart of the book is divided into four sections, whose titles already reveal that this is a highly original way of organizing the work: I. Israel's Core Testimony, II. Israel's Counter-testimony, III. Israel's Unsolicited Testimony, and IV. Israel's Embodied Testimony. The four chapters of the final section (Prospects for Theological Interpretation) expand on the position B. had outlined for himself earlier in the book. Without comment on the rich detail of the work, it may be possible to reflect on its originality by asking three questions: Where does he stand? How does he work? What has he contributed ?
Power, Otherness, and Gender in the Biblical Short Stories
Authors: Day Linda 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe concern of this article will be with the books of Ruth, Esther, Daniel, Judith, and Tobit. I would argue that we might profitably compare these five books with regard to themes running throughout them. All evidence similarities in how they portray power relationships, alienation and otherness, theology and divine activity, gender categories, and how their protagonists attain ultimate success. Though this set does not represent a collection of works traditionally grouped together in biblical studies,1 find, nonetheless, that these five literary documents evidence ample similarities that we may beneficially consider how they relate to one another. First and most obvious is that each of these books is a free-standing work which is named by a single character, and thus the action is (at least initially) focused around this individual. They are all most likely compositions of the same general time period in Jewish history, during the Second Temple period. All are narrative in structure and brief in length, and might be seen as representatives of a short story genre.2 In all of them we find continuations and reworkings of ideas from the Torah and the Prophets.3 Also, they all function as diaspora narratives; that is, addressing issues that Jews would have been facing in the diaspora. Esther, Daniel, and Tobit are written directly about diaspora situations. Ruth and Judith, though set within in the geographical boundaries of Judah, likewise deal with the question of the relationship between Israelites and other peoples and how to successfully live with other cultures.
Oikonomia Theou: the Theological Voice of 1 Timothy From the Perspective of Pauline Authorship
Authors: Johnson Luke Timothy 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe point of this thought-experiment is to assess the theological character of 1 Timothy. The perspective assumed—not argued for—is that of Pauline authorship: at the very least, this means that the letter is to be read as a production of the Pauline mission under the authority of Paul himself within his lifetime.1 The reader of the present essay should constantly bear in mind that the goal here is not to demonstrate the validity of such a perspective but to use it as a way of viewing this literary composition from what is today considered an unusual angle.
A phosphatidylserine binding site in factor Va C1 domain regulates both assembly and activity of the prothrombinase complex
Authors: Majumder Rinku , Quinn-Allen Mary Ann , Kane William H. , Lentz Barry R. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractTightly associated factor Va (FVa) and factor Xa (FXa) serve as the essential prothrombin-activating complex that assembles on phosphatidylserine (PS)–containing platelet membranes during blood coagulation. We have previously shown that (1) a soluble form of PS (C6PS) triggers assembly of a fully active FVa-FXa complex in solution and (2) that 2 molecules of C6PS bind to FVa light chain with one occupying a site in the C2 domain. We expressed human factor Va (rFVa) with mutations in either the C1 domain (Y1956,L1957)A, the C2 domain (W2063,W2064)A, or both C domains (Y1956,L1957,W2063,W2064)A. Mutations in the C1 and C1-C2 domains of rFVa reduced the rate of activation of prothrombin to thrombin by FXa in the presence of 400 μM C6PS by 14 000- to 15 000-fold relative to either wild-type or C2 mutant factor rFVa. The Kd's of FXa binding with rFVa (wild-type, C2 mutant, C1 mutant, and C1-C2 mutant) were 3, 4, 564, and 624 nM, respectively. Equilibrium dialysis experiments detected binding of 4, 3, and 2 molecules of C6PS to wild-type rFVa, C1-mutated, and C1,C2-mutated rFVa, respectively. Because FVa heavy chain binds 2 molecules of C6PS, we conclude that both C2 and C1 domains bind one C6PS, with binding to the C1 domain regulating prothrombinase complex assembly.
Unrelated donor umbilical cord blood transplantation for inherited metabolic disorders in 159 pediatric patients from a single center: influence of cellular composition of the graft on transplantation outcomes
Authors: Prasad Vinod K. , Mendizabal Adam , Parikh Suhag H. , Szabolcs Paul , Driscoll Timothy A. , Page Kristin , Lakshminarayanan Sonali , Allison June , Wood Susan , Semmel Deborah , Escolar Maria L. , Martin Paul L. , Carter Shelly , Kurtzberg Joanne 
Published: June 2008

AbstractOutcomes of 159 young patients with inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) undergoing transplantation with partially HLA-mismatched unrelated donor umbilical cord blood were studied to investigate the impact of graft and patient characteristics on engraftment, overall survival (OS), and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Patients received myeloablative chemotherapy (busulfan, cyclophosphamide, ATG) and cyclosporine-based GVHD prophylaxis. Infused cell doses were high (7.57 × 107/kg) because of the patients' young age (median, 1.5 years) and small size (median, 12 kg). Median follow-up was 4.2 years (range, 1-11 years). The cumulative incidences of neutrophil and platelet engraftment were 87.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 81.8%-92.4%) and 71.0% (95% CI, 63.7%-78.3%). A total of 97% achieved high (> 90%) donor chimerism. Serum enzyme normalized in 97% of patients with diseases for which testings exist. Grade III/IV acute GVHD occurred in 10.3% (95% CI, 5.4%-15.2%) of patients. Extensive chronic GVHD occurred in 10.8% (95% CI, 5.7%-15.9%) of patients by 1 year. OS at 1 and 5 years was 71.8% (95% CI, 64.7%-78.9%) and 58.2% (95% CI, 49.7%-66.6%) in all patients and 84.5% (95% CI, 77.0%-92.0%) and 75.7% (95% CI, 66.1%-85.3%) in patients with high (80-100) performance score. In multivariate analysis, favorable factors for OS were high pretransplantation performance status, matched donor/recipient ethnicity, and higher infused colony forming units.
Interfering RNA-mediated purine analog resistance for in vitro and in vivo cell selection
Authors: Porter Christopher C. , DeGregori James 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe advancement of gene therapy has been slowed, in part, by inefficient transduction of targeted cells and poor long-term engraftment of genetically modified cells. Thus, the ability to select for a desired population of cells within a recipient would be of great benefit for improving gene therapy. Proposed strategies for in vivo cell selection using drug resistance genes have had disappointing outcomes and/or require highly genotoxic medications to be effective. We hypothesized that resistance to purine analogs, a well-tolerated, relatively low-toxicity class of medications, could be provided to cells using interfering RNA against hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase. Using a lentiviral vector, we found that interfering RNA-mediated purine analog resistance (iPAR) provided relative resistance to 6-thioguanine (6TG) in murine hematopoietic cells compared with control- and untransduced cells. iPAR attenuated 6TG-induced G2/M checkpoint activation, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Furthermore, in recipients of transplanted bone marrow cells with iPAR, treatment with 6TG resulted in increased percentages of transduced peripheral blood cells and hematopoietic progenitor cells in the bone marrow. Secondary transplantations resulted in higher hematopoietic contributions from 6TG-treated primary recipients relative to phosphate-buffered saline-treated recipients. These findings indicate that iPAR/6TG can be used for in vivo hematopoietic progenitor cell selection.
Thrombocytosis and leukocytosis interaction in vascular complications of essential thrombocythemia
Authors: Carobbio Alessandra , Finazzi Guido , Antonioli Elisabetta , Guglielmelli Paola , Vannucchi Alessandro M. , Delaini Federica , Guerini Vittoria , Ruggeri Marco , Rodeghiero Francesco , Rambaldi Alessandro , Barbui Tiziano 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
To elucidate the role of thrombocytosis, alone or in combination with standard (age, previous cardiovascular events) and novel (leukocytosis, JAK2V617F mutational status) risk factors, in the cardiovascular events of essential thrombocythemia (ET), we analyzed a cohort of 1063 patients. We found that a platelet count at diagnosis greater than 1000 × 109/L was associated with significantly lower rate of thrombosis in multivariable analysis and, if combined with leukocytes less than 11 × 109/L, pointed to a “low-risk” category with a rate of thrombosis of 1.59% of patients/year. On the contrary, the highest risk category (thrombosis rate, 2.95% of patients/year) was constituted of patients with leukocytosis, lower platelet count, and a JAK2V617F mutated genotype in most cases (77% vs 26% in the low-risk group), independently from standard risk factors. These data challenge the theory that elevated platelet count increases thrombosis risk in ET and suggest prospective clinical trials to support this hypothesis.
Re-searcher: a system for recurrent detection of homologous protein sequences
Authors: Repšys Valdemaras , Margelevičius Mindaugas , Venclovas Česlovas 
Published: June 2008

Abstract

Background
Sequence searches are routinely employed to detect and annotate related proteins. However, a rapid growth of databases necessitates a frequent repetition of sequence searches and subsequent analysis of obtained results. Although there are several automatic systems available for executing periodical sequence searches and reporting results, they all suffer either from a lack of sensitivity, restrictive database choice or limited flexibility in setting up search strategies. Here, a new sequence search and reporting software package designed to address these shortcomings is described.

Results
Re-searcher is an open-source highly configurable system for recurrent detection and reporting of new homologs for the sequence of interest in specified protein sequence databases. Searches are performed using PSI-BLAST at desired time intervals either within NCBI or local databases. In addition to searches against individual databases, the system can perform "PDB-BLAST"-like combined searches, when PSI-BLAST profile generated during search against the first database is used to search the second database. The system supports multiple users enabling each to separately keep track of multiple queries and query-specific results.

Conclusions
Re-searcher features a large number of options enabling automatic periodic detection of both close and distant homologs. At the same time it has a simple and intuitive interface, making the analysis of results even for a large number of queries a straightforward task.
Effects of social approval bias on self-reported fruit and vegetable consumption: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Miller Tracy M , Abdel-Maksoud Madiha F , Crane Lori A , Marcus Al C , Byers Tim E 
Published: June 2008

Abstract

Background
Self-reports of dietary intake in the context of nutrition intervention research can be biased by the tendency of respondents to answer consistent with expected norms (social approval bias). The objective of this study was to assess the potential influence of social approval bias on self-reports of fruit and vegetable intake obtained using both food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and 24-hour recall methods.

Methods
A randomized blinded trial compared reported fruit and vegetable intake among subjects exposed to a potentially biasing prompt to that from control subjects. Subjects included 163 women residing in Colorado between 35 and 65 years of age who were randomly selected and recruited by telephone to complete what they were told would be a future telephone survey about health. Randomly half of the subjects then received a letter prior to the interview describing this as a study of fruit and vegetable intake. The letter included a brief statement of the benefits of fruits and vegetables, a 5-A-Day sticker, and a 5-a-Day refrigerator magnet. The remainder received the same letter, but describing the study purpose only as a more general nutrition survey, with neither the fruit and vegetable message nor the 5-A-Day materials. Subjects were then interviewed on the telephone within 10 days following the letters using an eight-item FFQ and a limited 24-hour recall to estimate fruit and vegetable intake. All interviewers were blinded to the treatment condition.

Results
By the FFQ method, subjects who viewed the potentially biasing prompts reported consuming more fruits and vegetables than did control subjects (5.2 vs. 3.7 servings per day, p < 0.001). By the 24-hour recall method, 61% of the intervention group but only 32% of the control reported eating fruits and vegetables on 3 or more occasions the prior day (p = 0.002). These associations were independent of age, race/ethnicity, education level, self-perceived health status, and time since last medical check-up.

Conclusion
Self-reports of fruit and vegetable intake using either a food frequency questionnaire or a limited 24-hour recall are both susceptible to substantial social approval bias. Valid assessments of intervention effects in nutritional intervention trials may require objective measures of dietary change.
Chemical markers for the quality control of herbal medicines: an overview
Authors: Li Songlin , Han Quanbin , Qiao Chunfeng , Song Jingzheng , Lung Cheng Chuen , Xu Hongxi 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Selection of chemical markers is crucial for the quality control of herbal medicines, including authentication of genuine species, harvesting the best quality raw materials, evaluation of post-harvesting handling, assessment of intermediates and finished products, and detection of harmful or toxic ingredients. Ideal chemical markers should be the therapeutic components of herbal medicines. However, for most herbal medicines, the therapeutic components have not been fully elucidated or easily monitored. Bioactive, characteristic, main, synergistic, correlative, toxic and general components may be selected. This article reviews the effective use of chemical markers in the quality control of herbal medicines including the selection criteria considering the roles and physicochemical factors which may affect the effective use of chemical markers.
Epigenetic mechanisms of age-dependent KIR2DL4 expression in T cells
Authors: Li Guangjin , Weyand Cornelia M , Goronzy Jörg J 
Published: June 2008

AbstractKiller Ig-like receptor (KIR) expression is mostly restricted to NK cells controlling their activation. With increasing age, KIRs are expressed on T cells and contribute to age-related diseases. We examined epigenetic mechanisms that determine the competency of T cells to transcribe KIR2DL4. Compared with Jurkat cells and CD4+CD28+ T cells from young individuals, DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibition was strikingly more effective in T cells from elderly adults and the CD4+CD28− T cell line HUT78 to induce KIR2DL4 transcription. In these susceptible cells, the KIR2DL4 promoter was partially demethylated, and dimethylated H3-Lys 4 was increased, and all other histone modifications were characteristic for an inactive promoter. In comparison, NK cells had a fully demethylated KIR2DL4 promoter and the full spectrum of histone modifications indicative of active transcription with H3 and H4 acetylation, di- and trimethylated H3-Lys 4, and reduced, dimethylated H3-Lys 9. These results suggest that an increased competency of T cells to express KIR2DL4 with aging is conferred by a selective increase in H3-Lys 4 dimethylation and limited DNA demethylation. The partially accessible promoter is sensitive to DNMT inhibition, which is sufficient to induce full transcription without further histone acetylation and methylation.
The iron export protein ferroportin 1 is differentially expressed in mouse macrophage populations and is present in the mycobacterial-containing phagosome
Authors: Van Zandt Kristopher E , Sow Fatoumata B , Florence William C , Zwilling Bruce S , Satoskar Abhay R , Schlesinger Larry S , Lafuse William P 
Published: June 2008

AbstractIntracellular pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, obtain iron from the host for their survival. Ferroportin 1 (FPN1; SLC40A1) is the sole iron exporter from mammalian cells and is expressed in the duodenum and macrophages. In the present study, we show that FPN1 mRNA levels in the mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 are synergistically induced by treatment with live or γ-irradiated M. tuberculosis and IFN-γ. FPN1 mRNA levels were also induced by Mycobacterium avium and IFN-γ in RAW264.7 cells and the mouse alveolar macrophage cell line AMJ2-C8. Treatment of mouse resident peritoneal macrophages with M. tuberculosis and IFN-γ resulted in a sixfold increase in FPN1 mRNA expression. In contrast, M. tuberculosis and IFN-γ inhibited FPN1 mRNA expression in bone marrow-derived macrophages and lung macrophages, which have high basal levels of FPN1 mRNA expression. Using confocal microscopy, FPN1 protein localized rapidly to M. tuberculosis phagosomes after infection in RAW264.7 macrophages. In RAW264.7 cells expressing wild-type natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (Nramp1Gly169), FPN1 and Nramp1 partially colocalized in late endosomes/lysosomes prior to infection. After 2 h of infection, Nramp1 and FPN1 were present in M. tuberculosis phagosomes. Our studies provide evidence for transcriptional regulation of FPN1 by pathogenic mycobacteria and IFN-γ, which is dependent on the macrophage type. The trafficking of FPN1 to the M. tuberculosis phagosome suggests that it is involved in regulating iron availability to the mycobacteria in this locale.
Vocal identity and species recognition in male Australian sea lions,Neophoca cinerea
Authors: Gwilliam Jessica , Charrier Isabelle , Harcourt Robert G. 
Published: June 2008

SUMMARYThe acoustic channel is important for communication in otariids (fur seals and sea lions). Discrimination between species, sex or individuals is essential in communication; therefore insight into the role of vocalisations in recognition is vital to understanding otariid social interactions. We measured vocalisations and their use in discriminating sex and species in male Australian sea lions (Neophoca cinerea). Barking calls of mature males were recorded and analysed based on five acoustic parameters. A discriminant function analysis classified calls to the correct individual at a classification rate of 56%, suggesting that male barking calls are individually distinctive with the potential to facilitate individual vocal recognition. Playback experiments were used to assess the role of vocalisations in sex and species recognition both in and out of the breeding season. Males showed significantly stronger reactions to both conspecific and heterospecific males than they did to conspecific females and were most responsive during the breeding season. Australian sea lion males have the most depauperate vocal repertoire of any otariid. This simple repertoire may reflect the ecological circumstances in which these animals breed, with very low colony densities, asynchronous breeding and low levels of polygyny. Yet even in this simple system, males are able to discriminate between males and females of their own species, and distinguish the calls of conspecifics from other species. The barking calls of male Australian sea lions have sufficient information embedded to provide the potential for individual discrimination and this ability will be assessed in future studies.