bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial factors overcome seasonality regulating the consumption of allochthonous food resources by fishes from tropical lotic ecosystems
Authors: Ferreira Vitor Manuel Barros , Soares Bruno Eleres , Leal Juliana S. , Albrecht Míriam Pilz 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In lotic ecosystems, a higher availability of allochthonous food resources is expected during floods and rainfall events, which may yield a higher consumption of these resources by consumers. However, allochthonous input and seasonality in environmental conditions are locally dependent. Thus, dietary responses of freshwater consumers to seasonality should also be locally dependent. Herein, we applied a meta‐analytical approach to identify the spatial and seasonal environmental variables associated with the relative consumption of allochthonous food resources by fishes from tropical lotic ecosystems in different seasons.

We gathered 566 observations of the diet of fish populations (i.e., restricted to the same sampling event) from 38 studies conducted in 70 localities across the tropics during flood and drought periods (hereafter, high‐water and low‐water periods, respectively). We retrieved latitude, seasonal channel width, elevation and two proxies for allochthonous input for each locality: terrestrial biomass (without considering seasonality) and the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI; considering seasonality). Then, we applied meta‐regression models using these environmental variables as predictors and the proportion of allochthonous food resources in each consumer's diet (%Allo) as the response variable.

Our models revealed that the diet of fishes from tropical lotic ecosystems is mostly autochthonous‐based, independent of the hydrological period (high‐water or low‐water), and aquatic invertebrates were the most consumed food items. Terrestrial vegetation biomass and elevation predicted increasing allochthony in the diet of tropical fishes for high‐water, but only terrestrial biomass predicted allochthony at low‐water periods. We found no relationship between latitude, channel width or NDVI with allochthony.

Our study highlights the importance of considering the hierarchical level of biological organisation and fish trophic guilds for understanding seasonal patterns of relative consumption of allochthonous and autochthonous food resources by fishes. We also argue that variations in seasonality across the tropics are likely to have undermined its influence on allochthony in fish diets. The absence of a non‐relationship between channel width and allochthony provides evidence that the River Continuum Concept is better suited to temperate lotic ecosystems.

Our results provide novel insights and the big‐picture of seasonal pattern in the diets of tropical fishes for use in future local empirical studies, improving forecasting of the relationship between the factors underpinning the availability of allochthonous and autochthonous food resources, and the diet of freshwater fishes.
Predicting the future of our oceans—Evaluating genomic forecasting approaches in marine species
Authors: Layton K. K. S. , Brieuc M. S. O. , Castilho R. , Diaz‐Arce N. , Estévez‐Barcia D. , Fonseca V. G. , Fuentes‐Pardo A. P. , Jeffery N. W. , Jiménez‐Mena B. , Junge C. , Kaufmann J. , Leinonen T. , Maes S. M. , McGinnity P. , Reed T. E. , Reisser C. M. O. , Silva G. , Vasemägi A. , Bradbury I. R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractClimate change is restructuring biodiversity on multiple scales and there is a pressing need to understand the downstream ecological and genomic consequences of this change. Recent advancements in the field of eco‐evolutionary genomics have sought to include evolutionary processes in forecasting species' responses to climate change (e.g., genomic offset), but to date, much of this work has focused on terrestrial species. Coastal and offshore species, and the fisheries they support, may be even more vulnerable to climate change than their terrestrial counterparts, warranting a critical appraisal of these approaches in marine systems. First, we synthesize knowledge about the genomic basis of adaptation in marine species, and then we discuss the few examples where genomic forecasting has been applied in marine systems. Next, we identify the key challenges in validating genomic offset estimates in marine species, and we advocate for the inclusion of historical sampling data and hindcasting in the validation phase. Lastly, we describe a workflow to guide marine managers in incorporating these predictions into the decision‐making process.
Vulnerability of terrestrial vertebrate food webs to anthropogenic threats in Europe
Authors: O'Connor Louise M. J. , Cosentino Francesca , Harfoot Michael B. J. , Maiorano Luigi , Mancino Chiara , Pollock Laura J. , Thuiller Wilfried 
Published: March 2024

AbstractVertebrate species worldwide are currently facing significant declines in many populations. Although we have gained substantial knowledge about the direct threats that affect individual species, these threats only represent a fraction of the broader vertebrate threat profile, which is also shaped by species interactions. For example, threats faced by prey species can jeopardize the survival of their predators due to food resource scarcity. Yet, indirect threats arising from species interactions have received limited investigation thus far. In this study, we investigate the indirect consequences of anthropogenic threats on biodiversity in the context of European vertebrate food webs. We integrated data on trophic interactions among over 800 terrestrial vertebrates, along with their associated human‐induced threats. We quantified and mapped the vulnerability of various components of the food web, including species, interactions, and trophic groups to six major threats: pollution, agricultural intensification, climate change, direct exploitation, urbanization, and invasive alien species and diseases. Direct exploitation and agricultural intensification were two major threats for terrestrial vertebrate food webs: affecting 34% and 31% of species, respectively, they threaten 85% and 69% of interactions in Europe. By integrating network ecology with threat impact assessments, our study contributes to a better understanding of the magnitude of anthropogenic impacts on biodiversity.
Synthesis of zeolite‐derived blue nanopigment and its modification for hydrophobic coating on ceramic tile
Authors: Fatah Salar K. , Aminian Mohsen Khajeh , Bahamirian Milad , Mohammad Ali M. , Karim Hoshyar B. , Amin Safin M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study presents the successful synthesis of a vibrant blue nanopigment derived from the metastable structure of Na‐heulandite zeolite. Employing ion exchange and coprecipitation methods with cobalt and zinc ions, followed by thermal treatment at 1100°C, resulted Co‐willemite and gahnite phases, confirmed by x‐ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement. Optical analyses verified the blue coloration, with cobalt ion transitions evident. CIE L* a* b* colorimetric analysis placed the pigment in the blue region (L* = 49.19, b* = −22, a* = −11). Application to ceramic tiles, followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) modification, produced a nearly superhydrophobic surface (contact angle 140°, sliding angle 8°), attributed to the nano–micro structure and SDS–silica interaction. Field emission‐scanning electron microscopy images confirmed the pattern‐like surface with small patterns. These findings indicate potential self‐cleaning capabilities when exposed to dirt or water, highlighting the research's promise in enhancing ceramic functionality.
Dermoscopic features of nail psoriasis: a systematic review
Authors: Rachadi Hanane , Chiheb Soumiya 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionNail psoriasis is common in psoriasis vulgaris and even more prevalent in psoriatic arthritis. Dermatoscopy of the nail proves helpful in enhancing the visualization of psoriatic nail lesions.ObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to summarize the existing studies published in the literature that reported the various dermoscopic features of nail psoriasis.Materials and methodsA systematic search of two medical databases, PubMed and Scopus, was conducted in April 2023. In total, 11 records were included. The number of reported cases in the included studies was 723.ResultsThe average age was 42.39 years. Sixty percent of patients were males, and 40% were females. Pitting constituted the most common onychoscopic feature indicating nail matrix involvement, followed by various other features such as leukonychia, nail plate thickening, transverse and longitudinal ridges, and different lunula abnormalities. The predominant onychoscopic feature indicating nail bed involvement was onycholysis, followed by splinter hemorrhages, oil drop sign, subungual hyperkeratosis, dilated capillaries, agminated capillary dots, erythematous border, and pustules. Vascular abnormalities observed in all locations were present in 52% of patients.ConclusionsThe clinical signs of nail psoriasis are diverse, and for the majority, they are nonspecific. Nail dermoscopy is a noninvasive tool that enhances the visualization of the nail manifestations of psoriasis. It may facilitate the establishment of diagnostic criteria for this pathology without resorting to more invasive procedures, such as nail biopsy.
Identifying elevated child weight from 3 to 24 months: Early transitions into nonparental care and to solid foods
Authors: Barton Jennifer M. , Lundquist Alexandra , Fisher Meghan C. , Fiese Barbara H. , McBride Brent A. 
Published: March 2024

SummaryBackgroundEarly entry into nonparental care (NPC) and introduction to solid foods (ITS) have been linked to elevated weight, however, little research exists on the combined influence of these transitions on child weight over time.ObjectivesIdentify groups of children based on early NPC and ITS timing and examine whether NPC‐ITS groups differentially affect child weight over time.MethodData were drawn from STRONG Kids2 (n = 468). Primary predictors include NPC (by 3M)‐ITS (< or ≥6M) groups; outcome variables include child weight‐for‐length/height z‐scores (WFL/WFHz) (3, 12, 18, and 24 months). Multilevel regression was used to examine the NPC‐ITS groups as predictors of child WFL/WFHz.ResultsSix groups were identified: 27% Parental Care‐ITS before 6M, 31% Parental Care‐ITS after 6M, 12% Daycare‐ITS before 6M, 14% Daycare‐ITS after 6M, 10% Kincare‐ITS before 6M, and 7% Kincare‐ITS after 6M. Children who were in daycare (regardless of ITS) or kincare‐ITS before 6M demonstrated the highest WFL/WFHz over time, compared to their parental care counterparts.ConclusionsNPC‐ITS combinations on child WFL/WFHz across the first 2 years of life highlight the need for a partnership approach among parental and nonparental caregivers to support the feeding of infants throughout the transition to solid foods.
Better in sync: Temporal dynamics explain multisensory word‐action‐object learning in early development
Authors: Bothe Ricarda , Eiteljoerge Sarah , Trouillet Leonie , Elsner Birgit , Mani Nivedita 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe investigated the temporal impact of multisensory settings on children's learning of word‐object and action‐object associations at 1‐ and 2‐years of age. Specifically, we examined whether the temporal alignment of words and actions influenced the acquisition of novel word‐action‐object associations. We used a preferential looking and violation of expectation task in which infants and young children were first presented with two distinct word‐object and action‐object pairings either in a synchronous (overlapping in time) or sequential manner (one after the other). Findings revealed that 2‐year‐olds recognized both, action‐object and word‐object associations when they first saw the word‐action‐object combinations synchronously, but not sequentially, as evidenced by looking behavior. 1‐year‐olds did not show evidence for recognition for either of the word‐object and action‐object pairs, regardless of the initial temporal alignment of these cues. To control for individual differences, we explored factors that might influence associative learning based on parental reports of 1‐ and 2‐year‐olds development, however, developmental measures did not explain word‐action‐object associative learning in either group. We discuss that while young children may benefit from the temporal alignment of multisensory cues as it enables them to actively engage with the multisensory content in real‐time, infants may have been overwhelmed by the complexity of this input.
Optimizing extracurricular activities assignment and related logistical deployment cost between collaborating schools
Authors: Mateo‐Doll Manuel , Aghezzaf El‐Houssaine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn contemporary urban societies, where both parents are working full‐time, a significant number of schoolchildren engage in extra‐curricular activities after school. These activities can be organized by the school itself and take place in the school. However, sometimes few schoolchildren are interested in an activity organized by the school, or the schoolchildren's preferences do not match the school's offering at all, while on other occasions the school has limited availability for a popular activity. To expand the number of activities offered to their schoolchildren, some schools form a collaborating network, sharing their extracurricular activities and making them accessible to all schoolchildren. Thus, schoolchildren from any school may attend activities organized by other schools in the network. In this case, however, transport of the children between schools must also be organized. This problem can be framed as a school bus routing problem with some special features. A mixed‐integer linear optimization model is proposed for the integrated assignment of extracurricular activities and cost‐effective vehicle routing. The objective of the model is to minimize unmet demand for extracurricular activities while taking into account the constraints related to the facilities and transport. This model has been tested on a set of instances to analyze its performance, with the goal of deploying it for the projected levels of demand in a city of about 100,000 inhabitants. The results are compared with the current situation and the clustering of the set of schools.
An integrated model of supply chain resilience considering supply and demand uncertainties
Authors: Lee Jongmin , Moon Ilkyeong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe complexity of the global supply chain has increased dramatically over the past few decades as a result of uncertainty caused by various factors. This paper studies the optimal strategy for supply chain resilience models considering supply disruptions and demand fluctuations. We present two‐stage stochastic programming models based on different scenarios, including a risk‐neutral model that considers the expected total cost, a risk‐averse model that considers the conditional value‐at‐risk measure, and a responsiveness model that considers the service level. We also propose multiobjective mathematical programming that considers all three models simultaneously and suggests the solution approach. Finally, we present the results of computational experiments and demonstrate how to cope with uncertainty through flexibility and redundancy. We offer a set of nondominated solutions from the multiobjective model and derive managerial insights, which suggest a decision‐making strategy between the disruption risk, expected total cost, and service level.
Justice in Hiring: Why the Most Qualified Should Not (Necessarily) Get the Job
Authors: Carey Brian 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTIn this article I argue that justice often requires that candidates who are sufficiently qualified for jobs be hired via lottery on the basis that this is the best way to recognise each candidate's equal moral claim to access meaningful work. In reaching this conclusion I consider a variety of potential objections from the perspectives of the employer, of the most qualified candidate, and of third parties, but ultimately reject the idea that a person's status as the most qualified candidate can explain why they ought to be appointed over other sufficiently qualified candidates.
Pulsed field ablation technology for pulmonary vein and left atrial posterior wall isolation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Schiavone Marco , Solimene Francesco , Moltrasio Massimo , Casella Michela , Bianchi Stefano , Iacopino Saverio , Rossillo Antonio , Schillaci Vincenzo , Fassini Gaetano , Compagnucci Paolo , Salito Armando , Rossi Pietro , Filannino Pasquale , Maggio Ruggero , Themistoklakis Sakis , Pandozi Claudio , Caprioglio Francesco , Malacrida Maurizio , Russo Antonio Dello , Tondo Claudio 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionLimited data exist on pulsed‐field ablation (PFA) in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (PeAF) undergoing left atrial posterior wall isolation (LAPWI).MethodsThe Advanced TecHnologies For SuccEssful AblatioN of AF in Clinical Practice (ATHENA) prospective registry included consecutive patients referred for PeAF catheter ablation at 9 Italian centers, treated with the FARAPULSETM‐PFA system. The primary efficacy and safety study endpoints were the acute LAPWI rate, freedom from arrhythmic recurrences and the incidence of major periprocedural complications. Patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) alone, PWI + LAPWI and redo procedures were compared.ResultsAmong 249 patients, 21.7% had long‐standing PeAF, 79.5% were male; mean age was 63 ± 9 years. LAPWI was performed in 57.6% of cases, with 15.3% being redo procedures. Median skin‐to‐skin times (PVI‐only 68 [60−90] vs. PVI + LAPWI 70 [59−88] mins) did not differ between groups. 45.8% LAPWI cases were approached with a 3D‐mapping system, and 37.3% with intracardiac echocardiography. LAPWI was achieved in all patients by means of PFA alone, in 88.8% cases at first pass. LAPWI was validated either by an Ultrahigh‐density mapping system or by recording electrical activity + pacing maneuvers. No major complications occurred, while 2.4% minor complications were detected. During a median follow‐up of 273 [191–379] days, 41 patients (16.5%) experienced an arrhythmic recurrence after the 90‐day blanking period, with a mean time to recurrence of 223 ± 100 days and no differences among ablation strategies.ConclusionLAPWI with PFA demonstrates feasibility, rapidity, and safety in real‐world practice, offering a viable alternative for PeAF patients. LAPWI is achievable even with a fluoroscopy‐only method and does not significantly extend overall procedural times.
Hepatocyte‐derived exosomes deliver the lncRNA CYTOR to hepatic stellate cells and promote liver fibrosis
Authors: Xu Wenqiang , Mo Wenhui , Han Dengyu , Dai Weiqi , Xu Xiaorong , Li Jingjing , Xu Xuanfu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLiver fibrosis is characterized by the activation and transformation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) induced by various injury factors. The degree of liver fibrosis can be significantly improved, but persistent injury factors present a significant therapeutic challenge. Hepatocytes are the most important parenchymal cell type in the liver. In this study, we explored the molecular mechanisms by which damaged liver cells activate HSCs through extracellular vesicles. We established a coculture model of LO2 and LX2 and validated its exosomal transmission activity. Subsequently, differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were screened through RNA sequencing and their mechanisms of action as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) further confirmed using biological methods, such as FISH and luciferase assays. Damaged liver cells induced activation of LX2 and upregulation of liver fibrosis‐related markers. Exosomes extracted and identified from the supernatant fraction contained differentially expressed lncRNA cytoskeleton regulator RNA (CYTOR) that competed with microRNA‐125 (miR‐125) for binding to glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in HSCs, in turn, promoting LX2 activation. MiR‐125 could target and regulate both CYTOR and GDNF and vice versa, as verified using the luciferase assay. In an in vivo model, damaged liver extracellular vesicles induced the formation of liver fibrosis. Notably, downregulation of CYTOR within extracellular vesicles effectively inhibited liver fibrosis. The lncRNA CYTOR in exosomes of damaged liver cells is upregulated and modulates the expression of downstream GDNF through activity as a ceRNA, providing an effective mechanism for activation of HSCs.
Transcriptomics analysis of LINC02202/XBP1 axis in melanoma: Implications for drug targeting and PD‐1 monoclonal antibody efficacy
Authors: Shang Yuanyuan , Yang Haiqian , Cui Jian , Wang Lipeng , Wang Le , Wang Yuan , Zhao Miao‐Miao , Yu Pei‐Yao , Qiao Hui , Yang Wen‐Jun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMalignant melanoma (MM) is a highly aggressive and deadly form of skin cancer, primarily caused by recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the regulatory mechanisms underlying melanoma recurrence and metastasis. Our study has identified a potential targeted regulatory relationship between LINC02202, miR‐526b‐3p and XBP1 in malignant melanoma. Through the regulation of the miR‐526b‐3p/XBP1 signalling pathway, LINC02202 may play a role in tumour progression and immune infiltration and inhibiting the expression of LINC02202 can increase the efficacy of immunotherapy for melanoma. Our findings shed light on the impact of LINC02202/XBP1 on the phenotype and function of malignant melanoma cells. Furthermore, this study provides a theoretical foundation for the development of novel immunotherapy strategies for malignant melanoma.
Prognostic and immunotherapeutic potential of regulatory T cell‐associated signature in ovarian cancer
Authors: Liu Yinglei , Shan Feng , Sun Ying , Kai Haili , Cao Yang , Huang Menghui , Liu Jinhui , Zhang Pengpeng , Zheng Yanli 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTumour‐induced immunosuppressive microenvironments facilitate oncogenesis, with regulatory T cells (Tregs) serving as a crucial component. The significance of Treg‐associated genes within the context of ovarian cancer (OC) remains elucidated insufficiently. Utilizing single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐Seq) for the identification of Treg‐specific biomarkers, this investigation employed single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) for the derivation of a Treg signature score. Weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA) facilitated the identification of Treg‐correlated genes. Machine learning algorithms were employed to determine an optimal prognostic model, subsequently exploring disparities across risk strata in terms of survival outcomes, immunological infiltration, pathway activation and responsiveness to immunotherapy. Through WGCNA, a cohort of 365 Treg‐associated genes was discerned, with 70 implicated in the prognostication of OC. A Tregs‐associated signature (TAS), synthesized from random survival forest (RSF) and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) algorithms, exhibited robust predictive validity across both internal and external cohorts. Low TAS OC patients demonstrated superior survival outcomes, augmented by increased immunological cell infiltration, upregulated immune checkpoint expression, distinct pathway enrichment and differential response to immunotherapeutic interventions. The devised TAS proficiently prognosticates patient outcomes and delineates the immunological milieu within OC, offering a strategic instrument for the clinical stratification and selection of patients.