bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microsurgical Management of a Middle Cranial Fossa Dural Arteriovenous Fistula After Failed Embolization: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Abramyan Arevik , Samaan Mena , Fried Arno , Roychowdhury Sudipta , Gupta Gaurav 
Published: March 2024

Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are intracranial vascular lesions with abnormal communication between the dural arteries and dural and/or cortical venous systems. While benign DAVFs, like Cognard I and IIa/Borden I, can be observed, higher-grade DAVFs, such as Cognard IIb–V/Borden II and III, should be treated.
1,2
This video article depicts the microsurgical management after embolization of a middle cranial fossa Cognard IV DAVF with venous varices causing mass effect in the right thalamus, basal ganglia, and posterior limb of the right internal capsule.
Initial attempts at embolization showed persistent arterial supply from the right ophthalmic artery and distal right internal maxillary artery, with sustaining cortical venous reflux. Microsurgical clipping was chosen because of venous congestion, associated risk of hemorrhage, and corresponding neurological symptoms. The patient consented to the procedure. Intraoperative angiography revealed successful obliteration of the fistula, and postoperative imaging displayed no residual DAVF and thrombosed venous varices without complications. The patient showed remarkable improvement, with a resolution of neurological deficits on discharge to rehabilitation.
This case highlights the potential efficacy of direct clipping after unsuccessful endovascular intervention for DAVFs. Understanding the angioarchitecture with identification of the fistulous point, using intraoperative imaging modalities, and ensuring comprehensive exposure are crucial steps in such microsurgical interventions.
A multistep computational approach reveals a neuro-mesenchymal cell population in the embryonic hematopoietic stem cell niche
Authors: Miladinovic Olivera , Canto Pierre-Yves , Pouget Claire , Piau Olivier , Radic Nevenka , Freschu Priscilla , Megherbi Alexandre , Brujas Prats Carla , Jacques Sebastien , Hirsinger Estelle , Geeverding Audrey , Dufour Sylvie , Petit Laurence , Souyri Michele , North Trista , Isambert Hervé , Traver David , Jaffredo Thierry , Charbord Pierre , Durand Charles 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
The first hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) emerge in the Aorta-Gonad-Mesonephros (AGM) region of the mid-gestation mouse embryo. However, the precise nature of their supportive mesenchymal microenvironment remains largely unexplored. Here, we profiled transcriptomes of laser micro-dissected aortic tissues at three developmental stages and individual AGM cells. Computational analyses allowed the identification of several cell subpopulations within the E11.5 AGM mesenchyme, with the presence of a yet unidentified subpopulation characterized by the dual expression of genes implicated in adhesive or neuronal functions. We confirmed the identity of this cell subset as a neuro-mesenchymal population, through morphological and lineage tracing assays. Loss of function in the zebrafish confirmed that Decorin, a characteristic extracellular matrix component of the neuro-mesenchyme, is essential for HSPC development. We further demonstrated that this cell population is not merely derived from the neural crest, and hence, is a bona fide novel subpopulation of the AGM mesenchyme.
Plasticity, symbionts and niche construction interact in shaping dung beetle development and evolution
Authors: Rohner Patrick T. , Jones Joshua A. , Moczek Armin P. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTDevelopmental plasticity is an important product of evolutionary processes, allowing organisms to maintain high fitness in the face of environmental perturbations. Once evolved, plasticity also has the potential to influence subsequent evolutionary outcomes, for example, by shaping phenotypic variation visible to selection and facilitating the emergence of novel trait variants. Furthermore, organisms may not just respond to environmental conditions through plasticity but may also actively modify the abiotic and (sym)biotic environments to which they themselves respond, causing plasticity to interact in complex ways with niche construction. Here, we explore developmental mechanisms and evolutionary consequences of plasticity in horned dung beetles. First, we discuss how post-invasion evolution of plasticity in an introduced Onthophagus species facilitated rapid range expansion and concurrent local adaptation of life history and morphology to novel climatic conditions. Second, we discuss how, in addition to plastically responding to variation in nutritional conditions, dung beetles engage in behaviors that modify the environment that they themselves respond to during later development. We document that these environment-modifying behaviors mask heritable variation for life history traits within populations, thereby shielding genetic variants from selection. Such cryptic genetic variation may be released and become selectable when these behaviors are compromised. Together, this work documents the complex interactions between plasticity, symbionts and niche construction, and highlights the usefulness of an integrative Eco–Evo–Devo framework to study the varied mechanisms and consequences of plasticity in development and evolution.
Spatial covariation between genetic and epigenetic diversity in wild plant and animal populations: a meta-analysis
Authors: Langford Nadia , Fargeot Laura , Blanchet Simon 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Epigenetic variation may be crucial in understanding the structure of wild populations, thereby aiding in their management and conservation. However, the relationship between epigenetic and genetic variation remains poorly understood, especially in wild populations. To address this, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies that examined the genetic and epigenetic structures of wild plant and animal populations. We aimed to determine whether epigenetic variation is spatially independent of genetic variation in the wild and to highlight the conditions under which epigenetic variation might be informative. We show a significant positive correlation between genetic and epigenetic pairwise differentiation, indicating that in wild populations, epigenetic diversity is closely linked to genetic differentiation. The correlation was weaker for population pairs that were weakly differentiated genetically, suggesting that in such cases, epigenetic marks might be independent of genetic marks. Additionally, we found that global levels of genetic and epigenetic differentiation were similar across plant and animal populations, except when populations were weakly differentiated genetically. In such cases, epigenetic differentiation was either higher or lower than genetic differentiation. Our results suggest that epigenetic information is particularly relevant in populations that have recently diverged genetically or are connected by gene flow. Future studies should consider the genetic structure of populations when inferring the role of epigenetic diversity in local adaptation in wild populations. Furthermore, there is a need to identify the factors that sustain the links between genetic and epigenetic diversity to improve our understanding of the interplay between these two forms of variation in wild populations.
Are parental condition transfer effects more widespread than is currently appreciated?
Authors: Walsh Matthew R. , Christian Anne , Feder Mikaela , Korte Meghan , Tran Kevin 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
It has long been recognized that the environment experienced by parents can influence the traits of offspring (i.e. ‘parental effects’). Much research has explored whether mothers respond to predictable shifts in environmental signals by modifying offspring phenotypes to best match future conditions. Many organisms experience conditions that theory predicts should favor the evolution of such ‘anticipatory parental effects’, but such predictions have received limited empirical support. ‘Condition transfer effects’ are an alternative to anticipatory effects that occur when the environment experienced by parents during development influences offspring fitness. Condition transfer effects occur when parents that experience high-quality conditions produce offspring that exhibit higher fitness irrespective of the environmental conditions in the offspring generation. Condition transfer effects are not driven by external signals but are instead a byproduct of past environmental quality. They are also likely adaptive but have received far less attention than anticipatory effects. Here, we review the generality of condition transfer effects and show that they are much more widespread than is currently appreciated. Condition transfer effects are observed across taxa and are commonly associated with experimental manipulations of resource conditions experienced by parents. Our Review calls for increased research into condition transfer effects when considering the role of parental effects in ecology and evolution.
Glucocorticoid effects on the brain: from adaptive developmental plasticity to allostatic overload
Authors: Eachus Helen , Ryu Soojin 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Exposure to stress during early life may alter the developmental trajectory of an animal by a mechanism known as adaptive plasticity. For example, to enhance reproductive success in an adverse environment, it is known that animals accelerate their growth during development. However, these short-term fitness benefits are often associated with reduced longevity, a phenomenon known as the growth rate–lifespan trade-off. In humans, early life stress exposure compromises health later in life and increases disease susceptibility. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are major stress hormones implicated in these processes. This Review discusses the evidence for GC-mediated adaptive plasticity in development, leading to allostatic overload in later life. We focus on GC-induced effects on brain structure and function, including neurogenesis; highlight the need for longitudinal studies; and discuss approaches to identify molecular mechanisms mediating GC-induced alteration of the brain developmental trajectory leading to adult dysfunctions. Further understanding of how stress and GC exposure can alter developmental trajectories at the molecular and cellular level is of critical importance to reduce the burden of mental and physical ill health across the life course.
The plasticity of immune memory in invertebrates
Authors: Lanz-Mendoza Humberto , Gálvez Dumas , Contreras-Garduño Jorge 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Whether specific immune protection after initial pathogen exposure (immune memory) occurs in invertebrates has long been uncertain. The absence of antibodies, B-cells and T-cells, and the short lifespans of invertebrates led to the hypothesis that immune memory does not occur in these organisms. However, research in the past two decades has supported the existence of immune memory in several invertebrate groups, including Ctenophora, Cnidaria, Nematoda, Mollusca and Arthropoda. Interestingly, some studies have demonstrated immune memory that is specific to the parasite strain. Nonetheless, other work does not provide support for immune memory in invertebrates or offers only partial support. Moreover, the expected biphasic immune response, a characteristic of adaptive immune memory in vertebrates, varies within and between invertebrate species. This variation may be attributed to the influence of biotic or abiotic factors, particularly parasites, on the outcome of immune memory. Despite its critical importance for survival, the role of phenotypic plasticity in immune memory has not been systematically examined in the past two decades. Additionally, the features of immune responses occurring in diverse environments have yet to be fully characterized.
Twenty years on from Developmental Plasticity and Evolution: middle-range theories and how to test them
Authors: Uller Tobias , Milocco Lisandro , Isanta-Navarro Jana , Cornwallis Charlie K. , Feiner Nathalie 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
In Developmental Plasticity and Evolution, Mary-Jane West-Eberhard argued that the developmental mechanisms that enable organisms to respond to their environment are fundamental causes of adaptation and diversification. Twenty years after publication of this book, this once so highly controversial claim appears to have been assimilated by a wealth of studies on ‘plasticity-led’ evolution. However, we suggest that the role of development in explanations for adaptive evolution remains underappreciated in this body of work. By combining concepts of evolvability from evolutionary developmental biology and quantitative genetics, we outline a framework that is more appropriate to identify developmental causes of adaptive evolution. This framework demonstrates how experimental and comparative developmental biology and physiology can be leveraged to put the role of plasticity in evolution to the test.
Developmental plasticity: a worm's eye view
Authors: Jarriault Sophie , Gally Christelle 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Numerous examples of different phenotypic outcomes in response to varying environmental conditions have been described across phyla, from plants to mammals. Here, we examine the impact of the environment on different developmental traits, focusing in particular on one key environmental variable, nutrient availability. We present advances in our understanding of developmental plasticity in response to food variation using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, which provides a near-isogenic context while permitting lab-controlled environments and analysis of wild isolates. We discuss how this model has allowed investigators not only to describe developmental plasticity events at the organismal level but also to zoom in on the tissues involved in translating changes in the environment into a plastic response, as well as the underlying molecular pathways, and sometimes associated changes in behaviour. Lastly, we also discuss how early life starvation experiences can be logged to later impact adult physiological traits, and how such memory could be wired.
Developmental programming by prenatal sounds: insights into possible mechanisms
Authors: Mariette Mylene M. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
In recent years, the impact of prenatal sound on development, notably for programming individual phenotypes for postnatal conditions, has increasingly been revealed. However, the mechanisms through which sound affects physiology and development remain mostly unexplored. Here, I gather evidence from neurobiology, developmental biology, cellular biology and bioacoustics to identify the most plausible modes of action of sound on developing embryos. First, revealing often-unsuspected plasticity, I discuss how prenatal sound may shape auditory system development and determine individuals' later capacity to receive acoustic information. I also consider the impact of hormones, including thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids and androgen, on auditory plasticity. Second, I review what is known about sound transduction to other – non-auditory – brain regions, and its potential to input on classical developmental programming pathways. Namely, the auditory pathway has direct anatomical and functional connectivity to the hippocampus, amygdala and/or hypothalamus, in mammals, birds and anurans. Sound can thus trigger both immediate and delayed responses in these limbic regions, which are specific to the acoustic stimulus and its biological relevance. Third, beyond the brain, I briefly consider the possibility for sound to directly affect cellular functioning, based on evidence in earless organisms (e.g. plants) and cell cultures. Together, the multi-disciplinary evidence gathered here shows that the brain is wired to allow multiple physiological and developmental effects of sound. Overall, there are many unexplored, but possible, pathways for sound to impact even primitive or immature organisms. Throughout, I identify the most promising research avenues for unravelling the processes of acoustic developmental programming.
Towards Equal Access to Cytoreductive Surgery with Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy and Survival in Patients with Isolated Colorectal Peritoneal Metastases: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: van der Ven Roos G. F. M. , van den Heuvel Teun B. M. , Rovers Koen P. B. , Nienhuijs Simon W. , Boerma Djamila , van Grevenstein Wilhelmina M. U. , Hemmer Patrick H. J. , Kok Niels F. M. , Madsen Eva V. E. , de Reuver Philip , Tuynman Jurriaan B. , van Erning Felice N. , de Hingh Ignace H. J. T. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Before 2016, patients with isolated synchronous colorectal peritoneal metastases (PMCRC) diagnosed in expert centers had a higher odds of undergoing cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC) and better overall survival (OS) than those diagnosed in referring centers. Nationwide efforts were initiated to increase awareness and improve referral networks.

Methods
This nationwide study aimed to evaluate whether the between-center differences in odds of undergoing CRS-HIPEC and OS have reduced since these national efforts were initiated. All patients with isolated synchronous PMCRC diagnosed between 2009 and 2021 were identified from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Associations between hospital of diagnosis and the odds of undergoing CRS-HIPEC, as well as OS, were assessed using multilevel multivariable regression analyses for two periods (2009–2015 and 2016–2021).

Results
In total, 3948 patients were included. The percentage of patients undergoing CRS-HIPEC increased from 17.2% in 2009–2015 (25.4% in expert centers, 16.5% in referring centers), to 23.4% in 2016–2021 (30.2% in expert centers, 22.6% in referring centers). In 2009–2015, compared with diagnosis in a referring center, diagnosis in a HIPEC center showed a higher odds of undergoing CRS-HIPEC (odds ratio [OR] 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–2.67) and better survival (hazard ratio [HR] 0.80, 95% CI 0.66–0.96). In 2016–2021, there were no differences in the odds of undergoing CRS-HIPEC between patients diagnosed in HIPEC centers versus referring centers (OR 1.27, 95% CI 0.76–2.13) and survival (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.76–1.32).

Conclusion
Previously observed differences in odds of undergoing CRS-HIPEC were no longer present. Increased awareness and the harmonization of treatment for PMCRC may have contributed to equal access to care and a similar chance of survival at a national level.
Numerical model of pressure generated by elastic compression garments on a compressible human limb analogue
Authors: Richards Christopher J , Steele Julie R , Spinks Geoffrey M 
Published: March 2024

Objective: This study aimed to formulate a numerical approach (finite element modelling (FEM)) to calculate pressure values generated by compression garments on a compressible limb analogue, and to validate the numerical approach using experimental measurements. Existing models were also compared. Method: Experimentally measured pressure values and deformation caused by compression bands on a compressible human limb analogue were compared with values predicted using the Young–Laplace equation, a previously formulated analytical model and the FEM. Results: The FEM provided greater accuracy in predicting the pressure generated by compression bands compared to existing models. The FEM also predicted deformation of the limb analogue with good agreement relative to experimental values. Conclusion: It was concluded that modelling the non-uniform manner in which the way a limb analogue is compressed should be incorporated into future modelling of the pressures generated by compression garments on a compressible limb analogue. Declaration of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Should bone biopsy be the standard for suspected osteomyelitis in patients with pressure ulcers?
Authors: Ferris Amy 
Published: March 2024

Osteomyelitis is a recognised complication of category 4 pressure ulcers (PUs), and the prevalence of PUs is increasing. The diagnostic criteria for osteomyelitis in the context of PUs is a topic of much debate, and many believe that tissue diagnosis from a bone biopsy should be considered the gold standard. However, in this review we discuss the inconclusive evidence base for both microbiological and histological diagnoses, suggesting that bone biopsy has a limited role in patients' diagnosis and management. We also discuss how, for patients in whom surgical wound coverage is not appropriate, the benefit of antimicrobial therapy for osteomyelitis is unclear and, by extension, the role of biopsy in this context is questionable. As our patient population becomes frailer, it is more important than ever to understand the evidence base underlying investigations such as bone biopsy, to critically consider whether they are likely to change clinical management and whether their benefit outweighs their risks. Declaration of interest: The author has no conflicts of interest to declare.
A ‘hidden problem’: Nature, prevalence and factors associated with sexual dysfunction in persons living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda
Authors: Mutamba Brian Byamah , Rukundo Godfrey Zari , Sembajjwe Wilber , Nakasujja Noeline , Birabwa-Oketcho Harriet , Mpango Richard Stephen , Kinyanda Eugene 
Published: March 2024

Background
We conducted a clinic-based cross-sectional survey among 710 people living with HIV/AIDS in stable ‘sexual’ relationships in central and southwestern Uganda. Although sexual function is rarely discussed due to the private nature of sexual life. Yet, sexual problems may predispose to negative health and social outcomes including marital conflict. Among individuals living with HIV/AIDS, sexual function and dysfunction have hardly been studied especially in sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, we aimed to determine the nature, prevalence and factors associated with sexual dysfunction (SD) among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Uganda.

Methods
We conducted a clinic based cross sectional survey among 710 PLWHA in stable ‘sexual’ relationships in central region and southwestern Uganda. We collected data on socio-demographic characteristics (age, highest educational attainment, religion, food security, employment, income level, marital status and socio-economic status); psychiatric problems (major depressive disorder, suicidality and HIV-related neurocognitive impairment); psychosocial factors (maladaptive coping styles, negative life events, social support, resilience, HIV stigma); and clinical factors (CD4 counts, body weight, height, HIV clinical stage, treatment adherence).

Results
Sexual dysfunction (SD) was more prevalent in women (38.7%) than men (17.6%) and majority (89.3% of men and 66.3% of women) did not seek help for the SD. Among men, being of a religion other than Christianity was significantly associated with SD (OR = 5.30, 95%CI 1.60–17.51, p = 0.006). Among women, older age (> 45 years) (OR = 2.96, 95%CI 1.82–4.79, p<0.01), being widowed (OR = 1.80, 95%CI 1.03–3.12, p = 0.051) or being separated from the spouse (OR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.09–2.59, p = 0.051) were significantly associated with SD.
Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with SD in both men (OR = 0.27, 95%CI 0.74–0.99) and women (OR = 1.61, 95%CI 1.04–2.48, p = 0.032). In women, high CD4 count (OR = 1.42, 95% CI 1–2.01, p = 0.05) was associated with SD.

Conclusion
Sexual dysfunction has considerable prevalence among PLWHA in Uganda. It is associated with socio-demographic, psychiatric and clinical illness factors. To further improve the quality of life of PLWHA, they should be screened for sexual dysfunction as part of routine assessment.