bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heritage sustainable lactic acid fermentation in a byproduct of sake making
Authors: Watanabe Daisuke , Yoshioka Motomu , Masuda Yukihiko , Mori Mariko 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Reusing byproducts has been an issue ever since sake production was established in ancient Japan. Sake kasu, an ethanol-containing solid byproduct remaining after pressing sake, is widely used as a marinade base to enhance flavor and preservation. Here, we isolated ethanolphiliclactic acid bacteria that dominate the microbial community in sake kasu-based traditional foods. This study highlights the potential existence of heritage, sustainable fermentation to transform byproducts into high-value foods.
Is LPBSA the Future of Cancer Diagnosis? Exploring Machine Learning and Nature-Inspired Algorithms for Liver, Breast, and Lung Cancer Detection
Authors: dana  , Tarik  
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Cancer diseases are remaining a leading cause of death in all over the world, this is encouraging the development of advanced diagnostic systems for reliable and accurate detection. The current study investigates the models of traditional machine learning and nature-inspired algorithms for classifying liver, breast and lung cancer cases utilizing structured datasets. More focuses of this research will be on the performance evaluation of five nature-inspired optimizer algorithms like Learner Performance-Based Behavior with Simulated Annealing (LPBSA), Learner Performance-Based Behavior (LPB), FOX Algorithm (FOX), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT). Among these models LPBSA performing the best, consistently obtained the highest accuracy of 92%, sensitivity 94% and specificity 90%, with confusion matrices reflecting minimal false negative and positives. This work contributes to growing adoption of popular algorithms for enhancing healthcare diagnosis and LPBSA can be utilized in other field investigations.
A Novel Ketogenesis-Integrated Model of Fat and Carbohydrate Oxidation
Authors: Nguyen Ngan Anh , Osorio-Perez Oscar , Jackemeyer David , Terrera Mirna , Pradhan Ayushi , Chen Fang , Hua Yuyan , Chou Charlotte , Cheng Shan , Forzani Erica 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

We report the first model of fat and carb oxidation integrating ketogenesis, a key condition that influences weight loss and maintenance. The model was developed from fundamental mass balance laws and a biochemical process unit approach. We tested the model with a pilot study in 16 healthy subjects exposed to short-term ketogenic interventions of exercise, fasting, and ketogenic meal while controlling the baseline at 4 different conditions: 1- normal diet/energy balance, 2- ketogenic diet/energy balance, 3- normal diet/negative energy balance, and 4- ketogenic diet/negative energy balance. We evaluated the ketogenesis contributions to fat and carb oxidation rates from the new model with a previously widely used model and found that the new model exhibits better predictive performance of fat and carb oxidation rate during ketogenesis. In addition, the new model’s fat and carb oxidation was correlated with 5 different ketones excretion rates and concentrations. Finally, the new model demonstrated value to discriminate between fat oxidation from adipose tissue and diet fat, which enabled individualization of different metabolic responses among the study subjects.
Adipocyte Extracellular Vesicles (Adevs) Promote a Proinflammatory and Profibrotic Profile in Human Renal and Endothelial Cells in Vitro
Authors: Carvajal Cristian , Valdés Pablo Carrión , Mejías María Paz Hernández , Pérez Jorge , Tapia-Castillo Alejandra , Vecchiola Andrea , Sandoval-Bórquez Alejandra , Baudrand Rene , Fardella Carlos 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

In obesity,white adipose tissue (WAT) undergoes hypertrophic and hyperplastic changes that are driven by phenotypical changes in preadipocytes and adipocytes. WAT also causes a chronic inflammatory state that modifies gene expression and the secretome, including the shedding of adipose-derived extracellular vesicles (AdEVs) into the circulation, with these AdEVs affecting other cell types and potentially modifying their phenotypes.
Aim: To evaluate the effects of AdEVs on renal and endothelial cells and their impacts on gene expression associated with inflammation, fibrosis, and endothelial function.
Methods: Human SW872 adipocytes were differentiated from preadipocytes and further characterized. AdEVs were isolated via ultracentrifugation and characterized according to ISEV guidelines. AdEVs were added to either human renal (HCD) or endothelial cells (EA.hy926) for 24 hours. Adipokine, cytokine (IL-6 and IL-1B), fibrosis-related, NGAL, and eNOS gene expression wasevaluated via RT-qPCR and western blotting.
Results: SW872 cells exhibited classical adipocyte morphologies and a significant accumulation of lipid droplets. Isolated AdEVs exhibited a donut-shaped morphology, a characteristic size, and both CD9 and TSG101 markers, which are compatible with EV features. Both renal and endothelial cells that were challenged with AdEVs were able to (1) incorporate AdEV-PKH67 (a fluorescent dye) and (2) induce high expression of IL-6 and IL-1B (p<0.05). A decrease in eNOS expression was detected in endothelial cells treated with AdEVs (p<0.05).
Conclusion:AdEVs induced a proinflammatory profile in renal and endothelial cells (HCD and EA.hy926) in vitro, and a decrease of eNOS expression in EA.hy926 cells. These results support that EVs from mature adipocytes could increase the inflammation and vascular dysfunction in obesity.
The risk factors of pregnancy-induced hypertension: A case- control study
Authors: Farajzadeh Rogayeh , Shahbazzadegan Samira , farzipour shahla , Pourfarzi Farhad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is a major health problem in pregnant women and is one of the main causes of maternal and perinatal mortality. Considering its many complications and effects on the mother and the fetus, identifying the effective factors on occurrence is a priority. This research was conducted to determine the risk factors of PIH.
Methods
This case-control (descriptive-analytical) study was conducted at 2023 in Ardabil city. 115 women higher than 35 years old who had PIH in their last pregnancy were selected as a case group and the same number of women without this disease in their last pregnancy selected as the control group (after matching age groups). Data were collected from a retrospective comprehensive study of Persian cohort. Women in both groups were interviewed and information including demographic, PIH and diabetes history, GDM, Colelityasis, Renal failer, Heart failer, romatological disease, H. pylori, twin pregnancy, history of high blood pressure in previous pregnancies, smoking, alcohol, hookah, drugs use were obtained.
Findings:
Gestational diabetes mellitus or GDM, previous history of PIH, history of H. pylori infection and BMI were identified as effective risk factors for the occurrence of PIH.
Conclusion
GDM was identified as the most important risk factor for PIH in Ardabil province. Infection H.pylori bacteria, history of PIH, and hight BMI were as other PIH risk factors. It is necessary for women with these risk factors to take the necessary care for early diagnosis, including visiting and having a pre-pregnancy check-up.
Integrating Mental Health Services Into Primary Health Care in Nigeria: A Mixed Method Study Exploring the Roles of Family Physicians in Closing the Glaring Gap
Authors: Adeleke Thomas Olumide , Orji Eloho Joy , Adekunle Wulaimat Abimbolanle , Akinbode Akeem Opeyemi , Oluwasanya Alarape Naomi , Oduniyi Oludaisi Adeshina , Omorovbiye Aibangbee , Olabode Aderemi Temitayo , Ariba Adekunle Joseph 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background: The need to integrate mental health services into primary healthcare service provision in Nigeria is now more urgent than previously considering the huge and increasing gap in access to mental care at the community level. This study therefore, assessed the critical roles and responsibilities of family physicians in facilitating the successful integration of Mental Health Services (MHS) into primary healthcare settings in Nigeria, with the goal of improving health outcomes, improving patient-centered care, and promoting a more efficient and effective healthcare system.
Methods: A mixed method research design was used to collect both quantitative and qualitative data from Nigerian primary care physicians (PCPs) across the six (6) geo-political zones of the country. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to elicit their socio-demographic information, their view of the current state of MHS, factors affecting MHS integration into PHC, while key-informant interview guide was used to explore their opinions on how MHS can be enhanced in the country and how MH care can be integrated into primary health care in Nigeria.
Results: The most common role identified by respondents is serving as a link between primary care and mental health specialists (29.7%), followed by being managers of healthcare resources (20.3%) and researchers (19.4%). The study revealed that family physicians have diverse roles in providing comprehensive and coordinated mental health care. Family physicians can use their unique position to facilitate early diagnosis, prompt intervention, provide ongoing support, and foster a collaborative care approach that addresses the complex needs of patients with mental health conditions, ultimately improving overall health outcomes and overall well-being.
Conclusion:Family Physicians have important roles to play in bridging the gap between primary healthcare and mental healthcare, particularly in low and middle-income countries like Nigeria. it is recommended that family physicians receive targeted training in mental health care, have access to updated clinical guidelines, and be supported by robust referral systems to ensure seamless collaboration with mental health specialists.
Research on the Barcode Deblurring Algorithm Based on a GAN
Authors: Li ChaoChao , Lu LiKun , Zeng QingTao , Yu LiQin , Xu AnPing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

With the development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, barcode automatic recognition systems play a crucial role. Traditional methods often perform poorly when processing blurred barcodes, which affects recognition and application performance. This paper proposes a barcode deblurring algorithm based on generative adversarial networks (GANs), aimed at overcoming the problem of insufficient barcode clarity in traditional image processing. First, the SE attention mechanism is combined with the aggregation residual block ResNeXt to form SE-ResNeXt, replacing the residual block ResNet, which accelerates the model’s convergence speed and enhances the stability of the training process. Second, the channel prior convolutional attention (CPCA) mechanism is introduced to improve the network's feature extraction ability and detection performance. The experimental results show that the proposed model achieves a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of 30.48 dB, an improvement of 4.87 dB over the baseline network, and a structural similarity index (SSIM) of 0.9383, an improvement of 7.72%. The subjective visual deblurring effect is also promising, with restored barcode images showing clear edge contours and noticeable detail recovery.
Study of SWNTs based sensor network density on analyte detection limit
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Kumar Anil , Chouksey Abhilasha , Jha Pika 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

With increasing research in sensors development and fabrications, the sensitivity is found to be a foremost factor which demands optimization to attain desirable response. In order to do so, network density need to be subjected and investigates its correlations with sensor sensitivity. This particular study examines the impact of network density on sensor responsiveness. In order to explore the impact of SWNTs concentration density onto the fabricated sensor behaviour, the surface morphology has been examined by Raman Spectroscopy and resistance analysis onto as fabricated sensor samples. Furthermore, flexible SWNTs thick film gas resistor (CNT-TFR) has been generated using the vacuum filtering technique. The sensing measures of these manufactured sensors are examined by exposing them to NO2 concentrations ranging from 0.5 ppm to 10 ppm for duration of 3 minutes. The sensor exhibiting a concentration of 5 mg/L demonstrates the most pronounced response compared to the other sensors. The influence of network density on the ability to adsorb, heterogeneity, signal-to-noise ratio, and detection limit was also examined. The repeatability and selectivity were further examined to determine the ideal density of the sensor.
The Effectiveness of a Personalized Healthy Eating Report Card in Improving Children's Eating Practices: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wan Alison W. L. , Chung Kevin Kien Hoa , Li Jian-Bin , Xu Shebe Siwei , Chan Derwin K. C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background: The present study developed an intervention using a personalized Healthy Eating Report Card to provide parents with personalized insights into the extent to which their child adhered to international healthy eating guidelines and engaged in favorable family home food environments. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of this intervention in improving preschool-aged children’s eating practices.
Methods: A three‐armed, single‐blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted with 331 parent-child dyads recruited from eight local kindergartens in Hong Kong. Parents were asked to complete the International Healthy Eating Report Card Scale at baseline and one-month post-intervention. The participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: (i) the intervention group (who received a personalized Healthy Eating Report Card), (ii) the usual care group (who received a standard government-issued leaflet on healthy eating), or (iii) the mere-measurement control group (who received no healthy eating materials). We examined if the improvement in the overall report card score of the intervention group was statistically higher than that of the other two groups using ANCOVA.
Results: The results of ANCOVA demonstrated that the overall report card score was significantly different among the three groups after adjusting for the baseline value [F(2,327) = 3.98, p = .020, ηp2 = .02]. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that children in the intervention group improved significantly more than those in the mere-measurement control group (p < .05) with an improvement of 4.6%. The overall report card score of the usual care group was not significantly different from that of the intervention group or the mere-measurement control group (p > .05).
Conclusions: This study provides promising evidence for the effectiveness of the personalized Healthy Eating Report Card in promoting healthy eating practices among preschool-aged children. It also demonstrated its potential as a cost-efficient and scalable tool for health interventions.
Trial registration: This trial was registered retrospectively on November 19, 2024, at chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR number: ChiCTR2400092558).
Alpha1,2-fucosylation protects mice from bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis
Authors: Zhu Chenxi , Mai Xinjia , Jiang Yicheng , Ji Zhaohui , Abdylla Gulberdiyev , Zhou Dapeng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The mechanism responsible for lung fibrosis remain unknown. This purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of alpha1,2-fucosylation on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in a murine model.
Methods
Wild-type and knockout mice deficient of alpha1,2 fucose (DFTKO) were treated by bleomycin and lung fibrosis was studied. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected on Day 7 and Day 14 for Tandem Mass Tag-labeled (TMT) mass spectrometry proteomic analysis.
Results
Lung fibrosis is less severe in mice lacking alpha1,2 fucose. Multiple bronchoalveolar lavage proteins were elevated 7 days after bleomycin treatment, including 1) proteins involved in lipid metabolism, antimicrobial defense and inflammation: Bpifa2, Apoa1, Apoa2, C1qtnf5, Serpina3n; 2) proteins involved in TGF-beta signaling, and extracellular matrix: Fst, Bgn, Timp1, Vcan, Ltbp1, Sparcl1, Mmp2; 3) Collagens: Col5a1, Col5a2. Several proteins involved in detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were found to be decreased 7 days after bleomycin treatment: Hspa1a, Selenbp1, Glrx5, Uqcrc1, Npc1, Ifi30, Hadh, Prdx6. When wild-type and knockout mice deficient of alpha1,2 fucose were compared 7 days after bleomycin treatment, multiple proteins were elevated in knockout mice: 1) proteins involved in DNA damage repair and maintenance of genome stability: H3c1, Ssbp1, Hmga1; 2) proteins involved in inflammation: S100a8, S100a9; 3) proteins involved in signaling pathways of wound healing and tissue remodeling: Hdgfl3, Plekhf2, Ceacam1.
Conclusions
Alpha1,2 fucosylated structures are found to play protective roles by upregulating components of three critical pathways, while exact mechanisms will be focus of our future study. Identification of alpha1,2 fucosylated structures as facilitators of lung fibrosis also provide an interesting target for therapeutic interventions for lung fibrosis.
Root traits of shade trees in cocoa agroforestry systems are associated with functional leaf phenology
Authors: Abdulai Issaka , Hoffmann Munir , Kahiluoto Helena , Ahmed Mutez A. , Dippold Michaela A. , Asare Richard , Rötter Reimund P. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Context
Analysing root traits to identify below ground acquisition mechanisms and relating them to above ground traits, such as leaf phenology, can improve the understanding and design of resource use efficient and drought resilient agroforestry systems.
Objectives
To determine how fine root traits are associated with different shade tree functional groups and their influence on climate resilience
Methods
Two key roots traits, i.e. fine root length density and fine root diameter of shade trees and cocoa are evaluated for the 13 most common shade tree species belonging to six functional (leaf phenology) groups under farmer field conditions. Fine root samples were acquired for four replicates of each shade tree species through extensive root coring up to 60 cm depth and at three horizontal shade tree impact zones.
Results
All cocoa plants irrespective of their associated shade tree functional group exhibited resource acquisitive fine root traits, i.e. higher root length density and smaller diameter. Similarly, shade trees in the ‘brevi deciduous during dry season’ functional group, i.e. characterized by higher, leaf area-related, water uptake in the dry season exhibited acquisitive fine root traits. Evergreen and complete deciduous functional groups showed a conservative fine root trait, i.e. with lower fine root length density and larger diameter.
Conclusion
Pairing acquisitive root traits in cocoa with conservative fine root trait shade trees optimize agroforestry systems.
Effects of the ethanolic extract of Dacryodes edulis (safoutier) leaves on reproductive traits, oxidative stress and toxicity indicators in Gallus gallus domesticus (Brahma) roosters
Authors: Ngwemetah Nathalie , Chongsi Margaret Mary Momo , Tchoffo Herve , Baulland Arius , Nchendeh Valentine , Mohamadou Adamou , Kasomo Dedieu Byamungu , Ngoula Ferdinand 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Plant extracts possess antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties that help reduce the incidence of diseases, improve gut health and enhance immune response in favor of growth and reproduction while limiting the use of synthetic antibiotics in poultry production.
Materials and methods
A total of 60 10-week-old Brahma roosters with an average weight of 1.2 ± 0.15 kg were partitioned into 5 experimental units following a complete randomized design. From the control group without additive (TO-), 4 other rations were formulated by adding 200 mg of vitamin C (T0+) per kg of feed to TO- or the ethanolic extract of Dacyodes edulis leaves at 0.55% (T1), 0.75% (T2) or 0.95% (T3) per kg of feed. The data collected were subjected to one-way analysis of variance.
Results
The results revealed a significant increase in the serum level triglyceride and total protein levels in the 0.75% and 0.95% extract groups compared with those in the control groups. Similarly, a nonsignificant difference (P˃0.05) in the serum albumin, globulin, total cholesterol, alanine and aspartate amino transferase enzymes and creatinine levels was observed regardless of the treatment. Significant increases (P < 0,05) in white blood cell, red blood cell, platelet, haemoglobin and haematocrit concentrations were observed with 0.95% extract. The incorporation of the extract at a rate of 0.75% in the feed significantly (P < 0,05) decreased the activity of malondialdehyde and increased the level of catalase in the treated groups compared with those in the control groups and decreased the level of glutathione in the treated groups. The testosterone concentration was significantly (P < 0.05) greater in the feed of the animals receiving the 0.75% of ethanolic extract of D. edulis than in the other groups. The animals receiving 0.75% of ethanolic extract of D. edulis leaves in their feed presented a significantly (P < 0.05) greater level of viable spermatozoa compared to all other treated groups.
Conclusion
In view of these results, the ethanolic extract of Dacryodes edulis can be used to ameliorate the reproductive performance of Brahma rooster birds at a rate of 0.75%.
Dynamic evolution of a sex-linked region
Authors: Mao Xiaomeng , Rafati Nima , Tellgren-Roth Christian , Ingvarsson Pär , Karrenberg Sophie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Sex chromosomes often evolve exceptionally fast and degenerate after recombination arrest. However, the underlying evolutionary processes are under persistent debate, particularly whether or not recombination arrest evolves in a stepwise manner and how switches in sex determination genes contribute to sex chromosome evolution. Here, we study sex determination in the dioecious plant genus Salix with a high turnover of sex chromosomes.
Results
We identified Z and W sex-linked regions (~ 8 Mb) on chromosome 15 of the dwarf willow Salix herbacea using a new haplotype-resolved assembly. The W sex-linked region harboured a large (5 Mb) embedded inversion. Analyses of synteny with other Salix species, sequence divergence between sex chromosomes and degeneration suggest that the inversion recently incorporated pseudoautosomal sequences into the sex-linked region, extending its length nearly three-fold. W-hemizygous regions exclusively contained seven pairs of inverted partial repeats of the male essential floral identity gene PISTILLATA, suggesting a possible PISTILLATA suppression mechanism by interfering RNA in females. Such PISTILLATA pseudogenes were also found in other Salix species with ZW sex determination but not in those with XY sex determination.
Conclusions
Our study provides rare and compelling direct support for the long-standing theory of stepwise recombination reduction mediated by inversions and suggests that the turnover of sex chromosomes in the Salicaceae family is associated with a switch of the sex determination gene.