bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneity of Igh‐linked allotypic determinants expressed on functional T cell subsets as detected by monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Karasuyama Hajime , Kim Musung , Okumura Ko , Tada Tomio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies (mAb) specific for immunoglobulin heavy chain (Igh) allotype‐linked gene products expressed only on functional T cells but not on B cells and macrophages were established by fusion of allotype congenic SJL (Igh‐1b) and SJA/9 (Igh‐1a) B cells immunized reciprocally with partner spleen cells with a myeloma P3‐X63‐Ag8‐653 of BALB/c origin. Nine mAb have been selected on the criteria that they can specifically block various antigen‐dependent functions of known T cell subsets in in vitro immune responses of mouse strains having the corresponding Igh allotype, but not the other one. These included (a) four mAb that augment the in vitro secondary antibody response of either Igh‐1a or Igh‐1b strains and thus are considered to react with the Igh‐linked allotypic determinant expressed on suppressor T cells, (b) one mAb that inhibits the helper T cell activity of Igh‐1b but not of Igh‐1a strains, (c) two mAb that inhibit the antigen‐induced pro‐liferative response of Igh‐1a but not Igh‐1b strains, and (d) two mAb that block the cytotoxicity of alloreactive cytotoxic T cells of Igh‐1a strains. The linkage to Igh‐1 allotype of the T cell products was established by testing with Igh‐1‐congenic strains with different backgrounds including the H‐2 complex. Some of the mAb were able to react with cloned hybridomas and a continuous cell line of the given allotype and functions. Each mAb was able to block one of the known functions of T cell subsets, but not others, indicating the existence of the heterogeneity and multiplicity of the Igh allotype‐linked products on T cells.
Interleukin 2‐independent stimulation of rabbit chondrocyte collagenase and prostaglandin E2 production by an interleukin 1‐like factor
Authors: Evěquoz Vlasta , Bettens Florence , Kristensen Flemming , Trechsel Ulrich , Stadler Beda M. , Dayer Jean‐Michel , de Weck Alain L. , Fleisch Herbert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the present study, interleukin 1 (IL 1)‐containing media from different sources, namely a murine macrophage cell line (P388D1), rabbit peritoneal macrophages, and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, were compared for their effect on thymocyte proliferation and on collagenase and PGE2 secretion by chondrocytes. A high correlation was found between the enhancement of thymocyte proliferation and the induction of collagenase and PGE2 secretion by chondrocytes. Furthermore, a highly purified IL 1‐like factor, namely mononuclear cell factor (MCF) was also active on chondrocytes. The addition of highly purified IL 2 to rabbit chondrocytes had no effect on collagenase and PGE2 secretion induced by IL 1‐containing media. Our findings suggest that the factor which induced collagenase and PGE2 secretion by rabbit chondrocytes was an IL 1‐like factor. Thus, collagenase secretion by chondrocytes may be used as an IL 2‐insensitive assay for the detection of IL 1‐like factors.
Activation of human T lymphocytes II. Involvement of the T3 antigen in polyclonal T cell activation by mitogenic lectins and oxidation
Authors: Fleischer Bernhard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of monoclonal antibodies against the T cell surface antigens T3 and T4 on accessory cell‐dependent mitogen‐induced proliferation of human antigen‐specific T4+ T lymphocyte clones and purified peripheral blood T cells was studied. To avoid the Fc receptor‐dependent mitogenic effects of the OKT3 antibodies, monocytes were replaced by Epstein‐Barr virus‐transformed B lymphoblastoid cells as accessory cells. Monoclonal antibody OKT3 but not OKT4 inhibited the response of both T lymphocyte clones and purified T cells to mitogenic lectins and oxidation. The inhibition was not due to nonspecific effects of the monoclonal antibodies since it affected only the initial triggering but not the proliferation of activated T cells and it could be overcome by higher concentrations of lectin indicating a competition between OKT3 antibody and lectin. Furthermore, OKT3 antibody at the same concentration that was inhibitory in this system was mitogenic in the presence of Fc receptor‐bearing monocytes. Surface modulation of T3 but not of T4 antigens led to unresponsiveness to a mitogen pulse given directly after modulation. These findings suggest that antigen‐specific and mitogen‐induced T cell triggering are due to interaction with the same receptors of the T lymphocyte.
The “natural resistance” to bone marrow allografts in normal and athymic nude rats Rapid cytotoxic reactions both in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Rolstad Bent , Benestad Haakon B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo elucidate the rapid destruction of allogeneic bone marrow (BM) grafts in nonsensitized rats we have assessed: (a) the 21‐h tissue localization of 51Cr‐labeled allogeneic vs. syngeneic BM cells, (b) the ability of allogeneic BM cells to proliferate in the BM of irradiated recipients, (c) the survival of allogeneic vs. syngeneic BM cells in cell‐impermeable diffusion chambers implanted into the peritoneal cavity of rats, and (d) the destruction of allogeneic vs. syngeneic labeled BM cells in vitro by effector cells from various lympho‐myeloid tissues.Some allogeneic BM cells were destroyed within 24 h after transfer to athymic nude rats, thus demonstrating the thymus independence of the cytotoxicity. Furthermore, allogeneic BM cells also failed to proliferate in the BM of irradiated recipients. However, the survival of allogeneic BM cells was not impaired if they were sheltered from host cells within cell‐impermeable diffusion chambers over a culture period of 4 days. But when the allogeneic BM cells were similarly cultured in hosts presensitized against the BM donor, a substantial reduction in BM cell survival was observed. The effector cells of allogeneic BM cytotoxicity (ABC) were present in the spleen because PVG‐rnu spleen cells were highly effective in lyzing BM cells from the AO, but not the PVG strain in vitro after only 4 h of culture. Some ABC activity in vitro was also found for peripheral blood lymphocytes and lymph node cells, but not for BM cells themselves. Taken as a whole these data provide firm evidence that the “natural resistance” to BM allografts is basically different from conventional immune responses, and in most, but not all respects resembles natural killer activity.
The origin of follicular dendritic cells in the mouse and the mechanism of trapping of immune complexes on them
Authors: Humphrey John H. , Grennan Deirdre , Sundaram Vijaya 
Published: February 2007

AbstractF1 → parental bone marrow chimeras between CBA and B10 mice were used to show that even after 1 year follicular dendritic cells (FDC), also termed dendritic reticular cells, are not derived from bone marrow stem cells. However clusters of cells wrapped in the dendritic processes of FDC, isolated by enzyme digestion of the spleen contain B cells originating from donor marrow. This implies that evidence for the presence of antigens such as Ia‐like detected by others (Gerdes, J. and Stein, H., Clin. Exp. Immunol. 1982. 48: 348) by immunohistology in or on FDC clusters should be interpreted with caution.Deposition of immune complexes on mouse spleen FDC depends upon the presence of a radio‐ and cyclophosphamide‐sensitive population of cells, although FDC themselves are resistant to such treatments. After whole body irradiation the capacity to localize fluorescein isothiocyanate‐labeled aggregated human gamma globulin can be restored by normal or T‐deprived spleen cells, but restoration requires an interval of more than 1 though less than 5 days. These findings are compatible with the evidence of Gray et al., Eur. J. Immunol. 1984. 14: 47, that in the rat immune complexes are transported to FDC by a sessile population of marginal zone lymphocytes, as first suggested by Brown et al., Immunology 1973. 24: 955.
Degradation of specificity in cytolytic T lymphocyte clones: Mouse strain dependence and interstrain transfer of nonspecific cytolysis
Authors: Wilson Anne , Shortman Ken 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLimiting‐dilution culture of murine Ly‐2 T cells with concanavalin A (Con A) and irradiated spleen filler cells produces, with high efficiency, cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones. With most mouse strains (including CBA and C57BL/6) the specificity of these CTL clones drops after day 6 of culture, so that by day 9 the majority of clones can lyse most murine target cells, whether syngeneic or allogeneic. The rate of specificity degradation and relative target cell preference varies with the mouse strain. Some strains (e.g. BALB/c) do not show this effect and CTL clones remain specific to day 9. Many low natural killer (NK) cell strains (e.g. C57BL/6J.bg) maintain CTL specificity in such cultures, but the correlation between CTL specificity and NK status is not absolute. Growth of BALB/c precursor cells on CBA filler cells leads to specificity degradation in the BALB/c CTL clones; however, the specificity of CBA‐derived CTL clones is not maintained by growth on BALB/c fillers. The results suggest that specificity degradation is induced in the developing CTL‐clone by factors in the culture environment, perhaps a soluble lymphokine (a differentiation factor) or by an infectious agent (an endogenous mouse virus). Although such CTL specificity loss may render many limiting dilution studies of the CTL specificity repertoire invalid, the problem may be bypassed by an appropriate choice of mouse strain.
Distinct epitopes are recognized by cytolytic T lymphocyte clones on the same class I molecule: direct demonstration using DNA‐transfected targets and longterm cytolytic T cell clones
Authors: McLaughlin‐Taylor Elizabeth , Woodward Jerold G. , McMillan Minnie , Frelinger Jeffrey A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBy producing long‐term, stable, cytolytic T lymphocyte clones and utilizing targets expressing only a single gene product derived from the stimulator mouse strain, we have been able to directly demonstrate that T cells recognize distinct epitopes expressed on a single H‐2 molecule. These multiple determinants are distinguishable by inhibition patterns with monoclonal antibodies (mAb). When two T cell clones, P‐2.14 and P‐2.17, are tested on an L cell transfected with the Dp gene (λ12a), the T cells kill the transfected targets as well as blasts derived from Dp mouse strains. mAb 7‐16.10 inhibits recognition and killing of Dp targets by both P‐2.14 and P‐2.17. This mAb 7‐16.10, however, competees with H‐2.m22. Interestingly mAb 11‐20.3 which also recognizes the H‐2.m22 specificity inhibits clone P‐2.14 but not P‐2.17. The mAb 7‐16.10, however, competes with 11‐20.3 for binding to the surface of L cells expressing the Dp gene. Thus the two T cells must recognize an overlapping specificity. Other mAb which bind to the H‐2Dp molecule are unable to inhibit either of these two cytolytic T cell clones. Paradoxically, any of the mAb when tested individually are sufficient to inhibit the polyclonal response derived from in vitro mixed lymphocyte culture.Therefore, by using targets expressing only a single H‐2 molecule derived by DNA‐mediated gene transfer and cytolytic T cell clones we have been able to directly demonstrate the presence of multiple epitopes on a single molecule and define their inhibition with mAb directed to that same molecule.
Characterization of stromal cell populations in the developing thymus of normal and nude mice
Authors: Kingston Rosetta , Jenkinson Eric J. , Owen John J. T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe role of the thymic stromal components in T cell maturation has been investigated by compairing stromal composition in the developing thymus of normal mice with that of nude mice which are unable to support thymopoiesis. Stromal cell populations have been characterized using monoclonal antibody recognizing class II (Ia) major histocompatibility complex antigens, monoclonal antibody A2B5 recognizing GQ gangliosides characteristic of neuroendocrine cells and monoclonal antibody LE.61 recognizing a determinant associated with the tonofilaments of simple epithelia.Using these probes we have shown that the majority population of Ia+, LE.61+ cells is distinct from the A2B5+ stromal population and that both these populations appear early in normal thymus development showing a similar pattern in vivo and in thymus lobes developing in organ culture. In the nude thymic rudiment both Ia and LE.61 labeling are absent supporting previous conclusions on the epithelial nature of the thymic defect in these animals. In contrast, A2B5+ cells are present in the nude thymic rudiment indicating that these cells are unlikely to share the same developmental origin as the Ia+ epithelial population.In functional terms these results suggest that the Ia+ LE.61+ components, deficient in the nude mouse, are essential for normal thymus function and that whatever the function of the A2B5+ population, alone they are not sufficient to support thymocyte development.
Cytotoxic T cell responses to haptenated cells IV. Requirements for in vivo priming
Authors: Haas Werner , Mathur‐Rochat Jacqueline , Pohlit Helmut , Boehmer Harald Von 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHapten‐specific cytotoxic T cells (CTL) can be generated in cultures containing mouse spleen cells and hapten‐coupled syngeneic stimulator cells. A response to sparsely hapten‐coupled stimulator cells is only obtained with responder cells from immunized H‐2k mice. Immunization was effective with hapten coupled to syngeneic, allogeneic or xenogeneic nucleated cells or membranes thereof. Hapten‐coupled erythrocytes, bacteriophages or soluble proteins did not induce CTL precursors (CTL‐P) nor responses of other lymphocytes which would interfere with the response of CTL‐P. The results show that antigen presentation to CTL‐P is very efficient in vivo. Haptens could be presented to and recognized by CTL‐P only if coupled to surface membranes of nucleated cells.
HLA‐DR‐, MB‐ and novel DC‐related determinants restrict purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD)‐ stimulated human T cell proliferation
Authors: Pawelec Graham , Schneider E. Marion , Miiller Claudia , Wernet Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractClass II major histocompatibility complex determinants restricting recognition of tuberculin antigens (purified protein derivative; PPD) were studied by using mono‐ clonal antibodies (mAb) to block lymphoproliferative responses. Anti‐class I1 mAb were shown to exert inhibitory effects at the level of the antigen‐presenting cells, without inducing suppressive lymphocytes or macrophages. Using panels of HLA‐ typed antigen‐presenting cells and nonalloreactive proliferative T cell lines, derived by limiting dilution, restriction elements for PPD responses appeared to correlate with the donor's HLA‐DRw6 specificity (one clone), MB1 (one clone), MB3 (one clone), or no established class II (or class I) specificity (three clones). mAb TÜ22, reacting with nonpolymorphic DC‐like determinants, strongly inhibited stimulation of all clones except that restricted by DR antigens, suggesting the DC‐like character not only of the MB1‐ and MB3‐associated, but also of the unassigned, restriction elements of these cloned lines. In contrast, stimulation of the DR‐restricted line was strongly inhibited by DWSB‐specific mAb which only weakly inhibited the stimulation of clones restricted by DC‐like determinants. These results suggest that clonally distributed PPD‐reactive proliferative lymphocytes from a single donor may be restricted by at least three different class Il determinants (HLA‐DR, MB, or a second, novel, DC‐related molecule).
Regulation of thymocyte proliferative response by macrophage‐derived prostaglandin E2 and inter leukin 1
Authors: Hayari Yacov , Kukulansky Tova , Gloherson Amiela 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe antagonistic effects of macrophage (MΦ)‐derived interleukin 1 (IL1) and prostaglandin Ez (PGE2) on thymocyte proliferation were uncoupled and studied. Elimination of PGE2 from the culture medium of prostaglandin Ez‐stimulated MΦ was achieved by dialysis of the media or by indomethacin treatment of the Ma. IL1 secretion appears to be PGE2 independent. Experiments using exogenous PGEzrevealed a quantitative relationship between the two monokines. PGE2 (1.25 ng/ml) reduced the proliferative effect of IL 1 produced by 1.5 × 105 peritoneal MQ, to 50%. This PGE2 dose increased significantly the levels of intracellular cAMP. Separation of peritoneal exudate MΦ on a bovine serum albumin discontinuous gradient demonstrated that the main part of PGE2 synthesis was in a fraction of lower density, large MΦ, whereas IL1 activity was detected in all tested fractions.
Enhancement of human B cell proliferation by an antibody to the C3d receptor, the gp 140 molecule
Authors: Frade Raymond , Crevon Marie Claude , Barel Monique , Vazquez Aimè , Krikorian Laure , Charriaut Christiane , Galanaud Pierre 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe C3d receptor is a specific marker of B lymphocytes. Recently we have shown that C3d receptor activity is carried by a gp140 membrane antigen. A polyclonal antibody has been prepared by immunizing a rabbit with highly purified gp140 molecule isolated from membranes of the human B lymphoblastoid cell line Raji and its high specificity was previously demonstrated. We tested the effect of this antibody to the C3d receptor on the B cell proliferative response. Purified B cells from human blood were induced to proliferate by a B cell growth factor (BCGF)‐containing partially purified supernatant from activated T cells. The anti‐C3d receptor F(ab′)2 enhanced the BCGF‐dependent B cell proliferation. This effect was dose dependent, was observed in the presence of different concentrations of BCGF and did not correspond to a change in the time course of the response. The anti‐C3d receptor F(ab′)2 had no mitogenic effect in the absence of T cell supernatant. In contrast the undigested anti‐C3d receptor IgG suppressed the BCGF‐dependent B cell proliferation. These results emphasize the potentialities of anti‐gpl40 F(ab′)2 to explore the involvement of the C3d receptor in the regulation of B cell response to T cell products.
Genetically determined molecular weight differences in murine complement component C6
Authors: Orren Ann , Preece Celia J. , Dowdle Eugene B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPlasma samples from male CBA, BALB/c and DBA/2 mice were subjected to poly‐acrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. Bands of C6 hemolytic activity in the washed resolving gel were identified by means of an erythro‐cyte/agarose overlay gel. CBA plasma was found to contain two forms of C6, one with a molecular weight (M,) of approximately 90 000 (type A) and one with a M, of 100000 (type B); CBA mice were thus designated C6 : A+B+. BALBk and DBAR plasma on the other hand contained only the low molecular weight type A C6 and were designated C6: A+B−. Flat bed isoelectric focusing followed by functional overlays showed that CBA plasma produced two sets of hemolytic bands (PI 5.25–5.4 and 5.0–5.2) whereas BALB/c and DBA/2 plasma produced only the more cathodal band set. The additional band set in CBA plasma corresponded to the high‐Mr type B C6. Results of breeding experiments demonstrated that the possession of the high Mrtype B C6 was inherited in the manner of an autosomal phenotypically dominant characteristic.
Immunologic memory to phosphorylcholine. VI. Heterogeneity in light chain gene expression
Authors: Todd Ian , Brown McKay , Rittenberg Marvin B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBALB/c mice immunized with phosphorylcholine‐conjugated keyhole limpet hemocy‐anin (PC‐KLH) produce two types of anti‐PC antibodies, designated group I and group II, which differ in their fine specificity and idiotype expression. Group I1 hybridomas can utilize VH genes and VL genes (in particular, Vϰ1–3) distinct from those expressed in the group I‐like anti‐PC myelomas. Here we have analyzed additional anti‐PC hybridomas from BALB/c and (CBA/N × BALB/c)F1 male mice and also anti‐PC antibodies purified from BALB/c and C57BL/6N antisera. Isoelectric focusing indicates that one of the group II hybridomas utilizes Vϰ1–3 and that related L chains are expressed in a major portion of group II serum antibodies. Other group I1 antibodies in antisera express different L chains, some of which are presently unidentified. However, isoelectric focusing analysis also indicates that the L chains of some group I1 hybridomas and serum antibodies are related to those found in the group I anti‐PC myelomas and group I hybridoma and serum antibodies. In addition, one hybridoma was found to utilize λ2. Thus, it appears that the anti‐PC antibodies with group II‐like fine specificity can utilize a variety of VL genes related to, or distinct from, those expressed in group I antibodies.
Cyclosporin A inhibits antigen‐ and lectin‐induced but not constitutive production of interleukin 3
Authors: Palacios Ronald 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCyclosporin A (CyA) strongly inhibited production of interleukin 3 (IL 3) by normal mouse spleen cells and by the T lymphoma LBRM‐33 clone 1A5 induced by alloanti‐gens and by the lectins concanavalin A or phytohemagglutinin. At the same concentrations at which CyA exerted this suppressor activity, it did not affect the growth of the Ea3.15 pre‐B cell clone supported by recombinant mouse IL3 (the read‐out for IL3 activity used in this study) nor did it show significant inhibitory effect on the spontaneous secretion of IL3 by WEHI‐3 cells and by the LD1 T helper line. Taken together, these observations indicate that CyA does not interfere with translation, synthesis or secretion of IL3. CyA most likely interferes with the process by which antigens and lectins induce transcription of genes coding for lymphokines.
Tissue distribution and ontogenic appearance of a chicken T lymphocyte differentiation marker
Authors: Houssaint Elisabeth , Diez Elisabeth , Jotereau Francine V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA monoclonal antibody, designated T10A6, was produced by immunizing mice with H. Bl4 chicken thymocytes. T10A6, when tested by immunofluorescence, labeled 80% of thymocytes, and a subset of peripheral T cells: 20% of spleen leukocytes, 10% of blood leukocytes, 8% of bone marrow cells but less than 1% of bursal lymphocytes. Tissue distribution on polyethylene glycol sections showed that in the thymus T10A6 stained most cortical thymocytes and a portion of medullary cells. In the spleen, the positive cells appeared scattered mainly in the T‐dependent areas. Ontogenic studies revealed that the antigen recognized was found in the chick embryo thymus from day 11 onward and the expression of this antigen on thymocytes reached the adult level from day 13. The first positive cells were detected in the spleen on day 13 of embryonic life. T10A6 (IgG1) precipitated a 65‐kDa material from thymocytes. This is the first description of a monoclonal antibody recognizing a peripheral T cell subpopula‐ tion in chicken.