bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability of the dexamethasone suppression test in borderline personality disorder with and without comorbid PTSD: A one‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Wingenfeld Katja , Lange Wolfgang , Wulff Hella , Berea Christina , Beblo Thomas , Saavedra Anamaria Silva , Mensebach Christoph , Driessen Martin 
Published: August 2007

AbstractAlterations in hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis feedback regulation have been repeatedly reported in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Due to the cross‐sectional design of these studies, little is known about the longitudinal course of HPA axis functioning. In a sample of 13 patients with BPD, the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) has been used in a one‐year follow‐up study. There were no changes of cortisol concentrations before or after dexamethasone intake between baseline and follow‐up examination. Patients with comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) showed more pronounced cortisol suppression compared to those without PTSD. The DST seems to be a stable marker of alterations in HPA axis feedback regulation in BPD, which is also reflected by substantial correlations between percentage of cortisol suppression at baseline and follow‐up examination. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 63: 843–850, 2007.
Structure of borderline personality disorder symptoms in a nonclinical sample
Authors: Taylor Jeanette , Reeves Mark 
Published: August 2007

AbstractRelations among symptoms of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Text Revision (DSM‐IV‐TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) borderline personality disorder (BPD) assessed using semistructured clinical interviews were examined using exploratory principal components analysis in a sample of 82 college men and women who were symptomatic for BPD (30.4% of whom met criteria for a BPD diagnosis at threshold or subthreshold certainty level). A three‐component solution was found and, as expected, the first component was characterized by interpersonal instability and included unstable relationships, identity disturbance, and chronic emptiness. The second component reflected affective instability and low impulsivity. The third component reflected stress‐related paranoia and low anger. Results highlight similarities in the structure of BPD criteria in clinical and nonclinical samples, and could inform future research on dimensional models of BPD. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 63: 805–816, 2007.
Modifications to the Trauma Recovery and Empowerment Model (TREM) for substance‐abusing women with histories of violence: Outcomes and lessons learned at a Colorado substance abuse treatment center
Authors: Toussaint Danielle W. , VanDeMark Nancy R. , Bornemann Angela , Graeber Carla J. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA growing body of literature demonstrates the co‐occurrence of posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder for females seeking substance abuse treatment. Nonetheless, relatively few trauma‐specific treatments have been implemented or evaluated with this population. In this quasi‐experimental study (N = 170), the Trauma Recovery and Empowerment Model (TREM) was modified for use in an existing residential substance abuse program. Women who participated in the TREM showed significantly better outcomes than those who received treatment‐as‐usual on trauma‐related symptoms, although not on alcohol or drug use. TREM appears to be a promising model that can be embedded in a residential substance abuse treatment setting. Implications for practice and further research are discussed.
An intermediary role of proHB‐EGF shedding in growth factor‐induced c‐Myc gene expression
Authors: Nanba Daisuke , Inoue Hirofumi , Shigemi Yuka , Shirakata Yuji , Hashimoto Koji , Higashiyama Shigeki 
Published: August 2007

AbstractActivation of growth factor receptors by ligand binding leads to an increased expression of c‐Myc, a transcriptional regulator for cell proliferation. The activation of transcriptional factors via the activated receptors is thought to be the main role of c‐Myc gene expression. We demonstrate here that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐ and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)‐mediatedc‐Myc induction and cell cycle progression in primary cultured mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) are abrogated by knockout of the heparin‐binding EGF‐like growth factor (Hb‐egf) gene, or by a metalloproteinase inhibitor, although molecules downstream of the receptors are activated. Induction of c‐Myc expression by EGF or basic FGF is recovered in Hb‐egf‐depleted MEFs by overexpression of wild‐type proHB‐EGF, but no recovery was observed with an uncleavable mutant of proHB‐EGF. The uncleavable mutant also inhibited EGF‐induced acetylation of histone H3 at the mouse c‐Myc first intron region, which could negatively affect transcriptional activation. We conclude that signal transduction initiated by generation of the carboxyl‐terminal fragment of proHB‐EGF (HB‐EGF‐CTF) in the shedding event plays an important intermediary role between growth factor receptor activation and c‐Myc gene induction. J. Cell. Physiol. 214: 465–473, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Motivating faculty through transactional and transformational leadership strategies
Authors: Woods Timothy J. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe use of both transactional and transformational leadership strategies can have a tremendous impact on the dynamics of organizational agility and subsequent competitive advantage. For educational institutions, organizational agility refers to the ability of administration and faculty to identify, acknowledge, and adapt to factors important to academic quality, quality of instruction, and overall learning experiences. When it comes to motivating faculty performance, both transactional and transformational leadership styles are important. From a transactional perspective, faculty appreciate administrators who clearly communicate both university and departmental goals. For true motivation, administrators must seek to affect faculty on an intrinsic level where personal efficacy is raised through the successful accomplishment of objectives. A model for college steering committees and a specific faculty training program for sharper instructional focus are presented.
Surface Grafting of PEO‐Based Star‐Shaped Molecules for Bioanalytical and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Gasteier Peter , Reska Anna , Schulte Petra , Salber Jochen , Offenhäusser Andreas , Moeller Martin , Groll Jürgen 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThis article reviews surface grafting of star‐shaped PEO. The use of star‐shaped polymers is compared to linear PEO chains regarding the layer preparation and the ability of the resulting surfaces to resist protein adsorption. We then focus on the use of end‐functionalized, star‐shaped, PEO‐based prepolymers that are able to form covalent crosslinks and functional polymer networks on the substrate. Examples are given for specific protein adsorption as well as for cell adhesion on such layers by covalent embedding of biofunctional molecules. The possibility of coating biomedically relevant polymer substrates in three‐dimensional geometries is discussed and examples are shown for poly(ethylene terephthalate) monofilament constructs.magnified image
Control of Photodynamic Motions of Azobenzene‐Derivative Polymers by Laser Excitation Wavelength
Authors: Kim Mi‐Jeong , Lee JaeDong , Chun Chaemin , Kim Dong‐Yu , Higuchi Seiji , Nakayama Tomonobu 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe dynamic properties of photoinduced alignment and surface relief grating (SRG) formation as a function of excitation wavelength (λex = 454, 488, 514, 532, 568, and 647 nm) are examined using five azobenzene‐derivative polymers, whose absorption spectra are tuned by substituting different electron‐withdrawing groups (CF3, CN, CNCl, NO2, (CN)2). The dynamics sensitively depend on λex. The fastest rate of photoinduced alignment is observed when λex is between λmax of the trans π–π* transition and that of the cis n–π* transition. A model of trans–cis photoisomerization has been developed based on competition between photoexcitation and relaxation, in which the n–π* transition has a faster relaxation pathway than the π–π* transition. Under conditions of adequate absorbance of the trans form at λex, i.e., greater than ${1 \over 2}$Amax, the rate of SRG formation increases at longer λex.magnified image
Nitroxide‐Mediated Radical Precipitation Polymerization of Styrene in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Authors: McHale Ronan , Aldabbagh Fawaz , Zetterlund Per B. , Okubo Masayoshi 
Published: August 2007

AbstractNitroxide‐mediated controlled/living radical precipitation polymerization of styrene in supercritical carbon dioxide has been performed using SG1 and AIBN as mediator and initiator, respectively. The equivalent bulk polymerization proceeded at a rate ≈1.58 times faster than the precipitation polymerization. The number of chains increased with conversion to a similar extent in precipitation and bulk systems. A chain transfer mechanism to the Diels‐Alder dimer is used to explain the increase in numbers of chains. High conversions were also achieved for a conventional precipitation polymerization of styrene in scCO2 at 110 °C. The polymer was obtained as a powder, which contained cavities when observed under an SEM.magnified image
Chemical Recycling of Polystyrene by Pyrolysis: Potential Use of the Liquid Product for the Reproduction of Polymer
Authors: Achilias Dimitris S. , Kanellopoulou Iliana , Megalokonomos Panagiotis , Antonakou Eleni , Lappas Angelos A. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe potential use of the liquid product obtained from the pyrolysis of polystyrene as a raw material for the reproduction of the polymer was investigated in this study. Catalytic and non‐catalytic pyrolysis experiments were carried out in a fixed bed reactor using either model polymer or commercial waste products as the feedstock. The liquid fraction produced from all the pyrolysis experiments consisted mainly of the styrene monomer and this was subjected to re‐polymerization without any further purification, in a DSC with AIBN initiator. It was found that the pyrolysis oil fraction could be re‐polymerized to again produce polymer. However, aromatic compounds included in this fraction may act as chain transfer agents, resulting in alterations in the shape of the reaction rate curve and lowering significantly the average molecular weight and the Tg of the polymer produced.magnified image
Temperature‐Induced Changes in the Surface Wettability of SBR + PNIPA Films
Authors: Mori Noriko , Horikawa Haruna , Furukawa Hidemitsu , Watanabe Toshiyuki 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe report a novel rubber film made by a simple mixing method, which realizes a steep temperature dependence of the contact angle of water at a critical temperature of 41 °C. We mixed a common SBR with a known temperature‐responsive PNIPA to make a thermo‐responsive rubber. This rubber film distinctly showed a switch of surface wettability between hydrophilic below 41 °C and hydrophobic above 41 °C. The switching property is possibly controlled by the mixing ratio of PNIPA to SBR, preparation method, added chemicals, and so on. This mixing technique will be applied for the control of surface wetting properties by temperature on various SBR‐like rubber materials, such as wet‐brake performance of automobile tires on a rainy day.magnified image
The metric properties of a novel non‐motor symptoms scale for Parkinson's disease: Results from an international pilot study
Authors: Chaudhuri Kallol Ray , Martinez‐Martin Pablo , Brown Richard G. , Sethi Kapil , Stocchi Fabrizio , Odin Per , Ondo William , Abe Kazuo , MacPhee Graeme , MacMahon Doug , Barone Paolo , Rabey Martin , Forbes Alison , Breen Kieran , Tluk Susanne , Naidu Yogini , Olanow Warren , Williams Adrian J. , Thomas Sue , Rye David , Tsuboi Yoshio , Hand Annette , Schapira Anthony H.V. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractNon‐motor symptoms (NMS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) are common, significantly reduce quality of life and at present there is no validated clinical tool to assess the progress or potential response to treatment of NMS. A new 30‐item scale for the assessment of NMS in PD (NMSS) was developed. NMSS contains nine dimensions: cardiovascular, sleep/fatigue, mood/cognition, perceptual problems, attention/memory, gastrointestinal, urinary, sexual function, and miscellany. The metric attributes of this instrument were analyzed. Data from 242 patients mean age 67.2 ± 11 years, duration of disease 6.4 ± 6 years, and 57.3% male across all stages of PD were collected from the centers in Europe, USA, and Japan. The mean NMSS score was 56.5 ± 40.7, (range: 0–243) and only one declared no NMS. The scale provided 99.2% complete data for the analysis with the total score being free of floor and ceiling effect. Satisfactory scaling assumptions (multitrait scaling success rate >95% for all domains except miscellany) and internal consistency were reported for most of the domains (mean α, 0.61). Factor analysis supported thea prorinine domain structure (63% of the variance) while a small test–retest study showed satisfactory reproducibility (ICC > 0.80) for all domains except cardiovascular (ICC = 0.45). In terms of validity, the scale showed modest association with indicators of motor symptom severity and disease progression but a high correlation with other measures of NMS (NMSQuest) and health‐related quality of life measure (PDQ‐8) (both, rS = 0.70). In conclusion, NMSS can be used to assess the frequency and severity of NMS in PD patients across all stages in conjunction with the recently validated non‐motor questionnaire. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Discrete‐time proportional and integral observer and observer‐based controller for systems with both unknown input and output disturbances
Authors: Gao Zhiwei , Breikin Tim , Wang Hong 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn this paper, a novel discrete proportional and integral observer is proposed for estimating the system state, input and output disturbances at the same time. Compared with the previous results, the proposed observer has an advantage in handling output disturbances. A simulated numerical example is given to demonstrate the efficiency. By using the estimates of the state and disturbance, an observer‐based controller with disturbance accommodation is designed to ensure the system stability and to satisfy the specified performance index. A simulated study of a reduced‐order gas turbine discrete model is given to illustrate the design approach, and encouraging simulation results are obtained. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Physical properties of epoxy resin self‐reinforced with organic rigid‐rod compounds
Authors: Lin S.P. , Han J.L. , Chen R.Z. , Yeh J.T. , Hsieh K.H. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn this study, nanoscale organic rigid‐rod compounds were utilized as self‐reinforcing composites to enhance the physical properties of an epoxy resin diglycidylether of bisphenol A (DGEBA). First, DGEBA was used to react with an aromatic diisocyanate of methylene diphenyl isocyanate (MDI) to form an urethane linkage. Next, four different organic rigid‐rod compounds including 4′‐hydroxyphenyl‐4‐hydroxybenzoate, phenyl 4‐hydroxybenzoate, 4,4′‐isopropylidenediphenol, and 2‐naphthol were incorporated to react individually with the remaining isocyanate groups of the MDI units after the previous step. Finally, the four different rigid‐rod‐modified DGEBA systems were examined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electric microscopy, and mechanical property analyses. Each of the four rigid‐rod‐reinforced DGEBA systems exhibited greatly improved mechanical properties, e.g., higher tensile strengths and fracture energies. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:1281–1288, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers
Characterization and quality assessment of binding properties of the monocrotophos molecularly imprinted microspheres prepared by precipitation polymerization in toluene
Authors: Yan Shoulei , Fang Yanjun , Yao Wei , Gao Zhixian 
Published: August 2007

AbstractTo obtain the desired specific adsorbents for monocrotophos (MCP) to enrichment, separation, and analysis of trace pesticides residue in soils and foods, molecularly imprinted polymer microspheres were prepared by precipitation polymerization using MCP, methacylic acid (MAA), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, azobisisobutyronitrile, and toluene as template, functional monomer, crosslinker, initiator, and porogen, respectively. Computer simulation was employed to demonstrate the mechanism of the interaction between MCP and MAA in toluene. It was found that one MCP was entrapped by two MAAs in toluene through hydrogen bond. The binding properties of MCP in toluene for imprinted microspheres were evaluated by equilibrium rebinding experiments. Scatchard plot analysis revealed that there were two classes of binding sites populated in the imprinted polymer microspheres with dissociation constants of 0.0019 and 0.12 mmol/L, respectively. The specificity of the imprinted microspheres was investigated by binding analysis using MCP and structurally related organophosphorous pesticides. The results indicated that the obtained imprinted microspheres showed a good selectivity for MCP. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:1302–1308, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers
Cosolvent effect of water in supercritical carbon dioxide facilitating induced crystallization of polycarbonate
Authors: Zhai Wentao , Yu Jian , Ma Weiming , He Jiasong 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWater‐induced crystallization of polycarbonate (PC) was investigated in water‐saturated supercritical CO2 (scCO2) in the range of 80–160°C and 12–20 MPa, with the help of differential scanning calorimetry and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction. Compared with pure scCO2, the enhanced plasticizing effect of water‐saturated scCO2 reduced the energy‐barrier for the motion of polymer chains, hence increased the crystallization rate of PC, and reduced the pressure threshold for crystallization from 14 to 12 MPa. On the other hand, the presence of water did not affect the thermodynamics of PC crystallization in scCO2. A 3D‐diagram was established to show the relationship between crystallization and solubility parameter of mixed supercritical fluid at different temperatures and pressures. The results show clearly that the PC has a wider range of crystallization temperature and pressure in water‐saturated scCO2 than in pure scCO2, mostly because the addition of water increased significantly the solubility parameter of mixed supercritical fluid, and decreased the difference in solubility parameter between PC and water‐saturated scCO2. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:1338–1343, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers
Influence of nanofillers on thermal insulating properties of polyurethane nanocomposites foams
Authors: Modesti Michele , Lorenzetti Alessandra , Besco Stefano 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe effect of several nanofillers on thermal insulating properties of polyurethane rigid foams (PUR) was analyzed. The nanofillers used differ for chemical nature and aspect ratio. We used both pristine and organically‐modified layered silicates (OMLS) and inorganic spherical nanopowders. The fillers were first dispersed in the polyol component through use of sonication; then doped polyol was mixed with isocyanate. The effect of polyol viscosity and nature (polyether or polyester) on the degree of the dispersion of the filler was also taken into account. The results obtained showed that the chemical nature and viscosity of polyols as well as the kind of compatibilization of the filler play a very important role in favoring the filler dispersion on a nanometer scale; the aspect ratio of the filler is instead not so important. When a good degree of dispersion is achieved, the thermal insulating properties of the foam can be slightly enhanced, as the fillers may act as nucleating agents. Some drawbacks were also found in using nanofillers: the fillers may bring in some cases an increase of the open cell content making the diffusion rate of the blowing agents faster thus leading to a worsening of thermal insulating properties during time. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:1351–1358, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers
Identification of the possible defect states in poly(3‐hexylthiophene) thin films
Authors: Feng D.‐Q. , Caruso A.N. , Losovyj Y.B. , Shulz D.L. , Dowben P.A. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe possible origins of a low density of defect states within the highest occupied molecular orbital to lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gap are suggested for regioregular poly(3‐hexylthiophene). A number of “chemical” defects, impurities, and structural defects could contribute to features in photoemission for regioregular poly(3‐hexylthiophene), observed within the highest occupied molecular orbital to lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gap of regioregular poly(3‐hexylthiophene). POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:1359–1364, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers
Sheet molding compound resins from soybean oil: Thickening behavior and mechanical properties
Authors: Lu Jue , Wool Richard P. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThermosetting resins for sheet molding compound (SMC) and bulk molding compound applications were synthesized from soybean oil. The SMC resins were prepared from maleated hydroxylated soybean oil (MHSO) and maleated acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (MAESO) with styrene. When thickened with divalent cations such as MgO, these resins exhibited a substantial rise in viscosity at room temperature because of complexation of MgO with the terminal acid groups on maleic anhydride. The resulting high viscosity sheet upon heating rapidly reduced its viscosity as the labile MgO‐acid groups thermally disassociated. The flexural strength σ and moduli E of these polymers varied from 61 to 87 MPa and from 1.6 to 2.4 GPa, respectively and the tensile strength and moduli varied from 27 to 44 MPa and from 1.6 to 2.5 GPa, respectively. The mechanical and fracture properties of these polymers were related to the amount of functional groups f, on the fatty acid backbone, and followed the Rigidity Percolation and Twinkling Fractal Theories, σ ∼ [Eν]1/2, where ν ∼ [f − 1]. The fracture energy GIC decreased significantly with increasing crosslink density, as GIC ∼ ν−2 and the plastic zone rp decreased as rp ∼ ν−3. The new bio‐based resins possessed mechanical and thermal properties comparable with petroleum‐based unsaturated polyesters. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:1469–1479, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers
Multiplicity and flexibility in clinical trials
Authors: Brannath Werner , Koenig Franz , Bauer Peter 
Published: August 2007

AbstractFlexible designs offer a large amount of flexibility in clinical trials with control of the type I error rate. This allows the combination of trials from different clinical phases of a drug development process. Such combinations require designs where hypotheses are selected and/or added at interim analysis without knowing the selection rule in advance so that both flexibility and multiplicity issues arise. The paper reviews the basic principles and some of the common methods for reaching flexibility while controlling the family‐wise error rate in the strong sense. Flexible designs have been criticized because they may lead to different weights for the patients from the different stages when reassessing sample sizes. Analyzing the data in a conventional way avoids such unequal weighting but may inflate the multiple type I error rate. In cases where the conditional type I error rates of the new design (and conventional analysis) are below the conditional type I error rates of the initial design the conventional analysis may, however, be done without inflating the type I error rate. Focusing on a parallel group design with two treatments and a common control, we use this principle to investigate when we can select one treatment, reassess sample sizes and test the corresponding null hypotheses by the conventional level α z‐test without compromising on the multiple type I error rate. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.