bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The inhibitory effect of connexin 32 gene on metastasis in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Sato Hiromi , Hagiwara Hiromi , Senba Hironobu , Fukumoto Keiko , Nagashima Yoji , Yamasaki Hiroshi , Ueno Koichi , Yano Tomohiro 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe have previously reported that connexin (Cx) 32 gene, a member of gap junctions, was specifically downregulated in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and it acts as a tumor suppressor against RCC. Because there is no standard therapy for advanced RCC, we investigated the anti‐metastatic effect of Cx32 to seek a possibility of new RCC therapy. In this study, we used human metastatic RCC cell (Caki‐1), and established Cx32‐expressed cell clone (Caki‐1T) or only mock‐transfected cell clone (Caki‐1W). For experimental production of metastases, the cells were injected into the lateral tail vein of SCID mice. Seventy days after inoculation, metastatic colonies were observed in Caki‐1W inoculated group, though none of them were in Caki‐1T inoculated group. The plasma VEGF concentration was significantly lower in Caki‐1T group compared to Caki‐1W group. To investigate where Cx32 effects on, we also tried in vitro analysis and found that the malignant phenotypes involving metastasis steps were significantly decreased in Caki‐1T under hypoxia, a mimic condition of internal tumor environment. After hypoxia treatment, the protein level of HIF‐2α, which plays main role for hypoxia adaptation, was observed to increase in Caki‐1W, whereas no expression was observed in Caki‐1T. We investigated the activation of Src, which is required for stabilization of HIF‐2α, is suppressed in Caki‐1T compared to Caki‐1W. These results suggest that Cx32 inhibits hypoxia adaptation governed by HIF‐2α, and this may help to reduce the metastasis of RCC cells. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Can we differentiate true white matter fibers from pseudofibers inside a brain abscess cavity using geometrical diffusion tensor imaging metrics?
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Gupta Rakesh K. , Nath Kavindra , Rathore R. K. S. , Bayu Getaneh , Trivedi Richa , Husain Mazhar , Prasad Kashi N. , Tripathi R. P. , Narayana Ponnada A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHigh fractional anisotropy (FA) usually reflects the orientation and integrity of white matter (WM) fibers. Other regions of increased FA have been described, such as brain abscesses, developing cortex, and areas of hemorrhage. It may not be possible to differentiate true fibers from the pseudofibers found inside an abscess cavity on the basis of FA and mean diffusivity (MD). The aim of this study was to differentiate true WM fibers from pseudo WM tracts inside the abscess cavity using geometrical diffusion tensor imaging metrics [linear anisotropy (CL), planar anisotropy (CP), and spherical anisotropy (CS)]. Diffusion tensor imaging was performed in 42 patients with brain abscess and 10 age/sex‐matched controls. Automated segmentation using Java‐based software divided the abscess cavity into two sub‐regions with FA < 0.20 and FA ≥ 0.20. Quantitation was carried out on the sub‐regions of the abscess cavity with FA ≥ 0.20. In healthy controls, regions of interest were placed on the corpus callosum, posterior limb of the internal capsule, and periventricular and subcortical WM. Significantly increased CP values were observed inside the abscess cavity compared with various normal WM regions. Significantly increased FA and CL values were observed in the abscess cavity compared with subcortical WM only. However decreased FA and CL values were observed in the cavity compared with the corpus callosum, posterior limb of the internal capsule, and periventricular WM. The 95% confidence intervals of means for the abscess cavity were well separated from those for WM in the case of CL and CP; however, they overlapped in the case of FA, MD, and CS. High CP with low CL inside the abscess cavity suggests that the shape of the diffusion tensor is predominantly planar, whereas it is linear in WM tracts. These geometrical indices may have advantages over FA for differentiating true from pseudo WM tracts inside the abscess cavity. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A corrected XFEM approximation without problems in blending elements
Authors: Fries Thomas‐Peter 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe extended finite element method (XFEM) enables local enrichments of approximation spaces. Standard finite elements are used in the major part of the domain and enriched elements are employed where special solution properties such as discontinuities and singularities shall be captured. In elements that blend the enriched areas with the rest of the domain problems arise in general. These blending elements often require a special treatment in order to avoid a decrease in the overall convergence rate. A modification of the XFEM approximation is proposed in this work. The enrichment functions are modified such that they are zero in the standard elements, unchanged in the elements with all their nodes being enriched, and varying continuously in the blending elements. All nodes in the blending elements are enriched. The modified enrichment function can be reproduced exactly everywhere in the domain and no problems arise in the blending elements. The corrected XFEM is applied to problems in linear elasticity and optimal convergence rates are achieved. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Infinite Gold Zig‐Zag Chains as Structural Motif in Ca3Au3In – A Ternary Ordered Variant of the Ni4B3 Type
Authors: Muts Ihor R. , Zaremba Vasyl I. , Rodewald Ute Ch. , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNew auride Ca3Au3In was synthesized from the elements in a sealed tantalum tube in a high‐frequency furnace. Ca3Au3In was investigated by X‐ray powder and single crystal diffraction: ordered Ni4B3 type, Pnma, a = 1664.1(6), b = 457.3(2), c = 895.0(3) pm, wR2 = 0.0488, 1361 F2 values, and 44 variables. The three crystallographically independent boron positions of the Ni4B3 type are occupied by the gold atoms, while the four nickel sites are occupied by calcium and indium in an ordered manner. All gold atoms have trigonal prismatic coordination, i.e. Ca6 prisms for Au1 and Au2 and Ca4In2 prisms for Au3. While the Au3 atoms are isolated, we observe Au1–Au1 and Au2–Au2 zig‐zag chains at Au–Au distances of 292 and 284 pm. These slabs resemble the CrB type structure of CaAu. Consequently Ca3Au3In can be considered as a ternary auride. Together the Au2, Au3 and indium atoms build up a three‐dimensional [Au2In] polyanionic network (281–293 pm Au–In) in which the chains of Au1 centered trigonal prisms are embedded. The crystal chemical similarities with the structures of Ni4B3, CaAuIn, and CaAu are discussed.
Synthese und Kristallstrukturen von DyPt8P2 und Mg10−xPt9P7
Authors: Imre Anette , Mewis Albrecht 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSynthesis and Crystal Structures of DyPt8P2 and Mg10−xPt9P7Single crystals of DyPt8P2 (a = 9.260(2), b = 4.005(1), c = 9.633(2) Å, β = 102.64(3)°) were grown by heating the elements in a melt of NaCl/KCl at 1100 °C. The phosphide crystallizes in a new type of structure (I2/m; Z = 2) which consists of fragments in the shape of a cubic close packing built up by three fourths of the platinum atoms. The Dy atoms are coordinated by twelve Pt and four P atoms forming a distorted hexagonal prism which is fourfold capped by Pt atoms. Needles of Mg10−xPt9P7 (a = 18.121(4), b = 23.316(5), c = 3.848(1) Å) were obtained by reaction of the elements in molten lead at 1000 °C. The main feature of the new type of structure (Pbam; Z = 4) is an oval ring of pentagonal prisms formed by each six Pt and four P atoms. The prisms are linked with each other via common faces and they are centered by Mg atoms. Another Mg atoms are located in holes of the three‐dimensional [Pt9P7] network. It is remarkable, that one of the ten different crystallographic sites of the Mg atoms is occupied incompletely inducing the composition Mg10−xPt9P7 with x = 0.86.
Manganese(IV) Corroles with σ‐Aryl Ligands
Authors: Bröring Martin , Cordes Meike , Köhler Silke 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDifferent pathways for the preparation of organometallic manganese(IV) corroles with σ‐aryl ligands have been evaluated. The treatment of a manganese(III) corrole with Grignard reagents PhMgX (X = Cl, Br), followed by aerial oxidation yields oxidized halogenido complexes [(cor)MnIVX] instead of the anticipated organometallic compounds. Reaction of these halogenido species, especially the bromido compound, with excess Grignard reagents or with lithium aryls results in the formation of the desired σ‐aryl compounds via salt metatheses. Three examples of this class of rare complexes have been characterized by means of optical and 1H NMR spectroscopy, and in two cases single crystal X‐ray diffraction studies have been carried out. In the crystal, the molecular structures of the σ‐phenyl‐ and the σ‐(p‐bromophenyl) derivatives were observed to be very similar, albeit both species pack in different pattern.
Synthesis and Characterization of Three Zinc Phosphonates Based on 5‐Phosphonoisophthalic Acid, (HO2C)2C6H3PO3H2
Authors: Bauer Sebastian , Stock Norbert 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThree new Zn‐phosphonates based on 5‐phosphonoisophthalic acid, (HO2C)2C6H3PO3H2 (H4L), [Zn2(H2O)(O2C)2C6H3PO3] · H2O (1), Zn2(H2O)2(O2C)2C6H3PO3 (2), and KZn[H(O2C)2C6H3PO3] (3) have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (1: triclinic, $P{\bar 1}$, a = 742.49(3) pm, b = 846.37(4) pm, c = 992.84(4) pm, α = 80.936(2)°, β = 81.574(2)°, γ = 73.139(3)°, V = 586.28(4) · 106 pm3, R1 = 0.0583, wR2 = 0.1347 (for I > 2σ(I)); 2: monoclinic, P21/m, a = 464.78(9) pm, b = 1329.2(3) pm, c = 974.5(3) pm, β = 95.80(3)°, V = 599.0(2) · 106 pm3, R1 = 0.0395, wR2 = 0.1086 (for I > 2σ(I)); 3: monoclinic, P21/c, a = 501.9(1) pm, b = 2489.9(5) pm, c = 946.2(5) pm, β = 105.38(3)°, V = 1140.0(7) · 106 pm3, R1 = 0.0365, wR2 = 0.0848 (for I > 2σ(I))). The title compounds 1 and 2 have the same chemical composition but exhibit different structures and are therefore polymorphs. Thus, in compound 1, isolated ZnO4‐tetrahedra, and in 2, infinite double‐chains of corner‐sharing ZnO6 polyhedra are observed. In, KZn[H(O2C)2C6H3PO3] (3) K+‐ions have been incorporated into the structure leading to the formation of a bimetallic inorganic‐organic hybrid compound.
Zur Elektronenstruktur metallorganischer Komplexe der f‐Elemente. 67 Erstmalige parametrische Analyse des Absorptionsspektrums einer Molekülverbindung des CeIIIμ: Tris(η5‐tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)cer
Authors: Amberger Hanns‐Dieter , Reddmann Hauke 
Published: November 2007

AbstractElectronic Structures of Organometallic Complexes of f Elements. 67 First Parametric Analysis of the Absorption Spectrum of a Molecular Compound of CeIIIμ: Tris(η5‐tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)cerium(III)The absorption spectra (in the IR/NIR/Vis/UV range) of Ce(C5Me4H)3 (1) and La(C5Me4H)3 (2) were recorded at room and low temperatures. From the spectra obtained, two alternative closely related crystal field (CF) splitting patterns of 1 could be derived, and simulated by fitting the free parameters of a phenomenological Hamiltonian. The fact that the difference of the experimental energies of the barycenters of CF levels of the multiplets 2F7/2 and 2F5/2 is larger than in the gaseous free Ce3+ ion (“anti”‐relativistic nephelauxetic effect) could be explained by coupling effects of these multiplets via the CF, resulting in lower spin‐orbit coupling parameters than in the case of the gaseous free Ce3+ ion. The experimentally derived CF splitting pattern of 1 is compared with the predictions of previous non‐relativistic SW‐Xα and relativistic DV‐Xα calculations.
Synthesis and Structural Properties of Anhydrous Rare Earth Cinnamates, [RE(cinn)3]
Authors: Deacon Glen B. , Forsyth Craig M. , Junk Peter C. , Hilder Matthias , Leary Stuart G. , Bromant Claudia , Pantenburg Ingo , Meyer Gerd , Skelton Brian W. , White Allan H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAnhydrous rare earth tris(cinnamates) [RE(cinn)3] (RE = La–Lu, Y and Sc and cinnH = trans‐cinnamic acid) were prepared by metathesis in water and by direct reaction of the metal with cinnamic acid in a 1,2,4,5‐tetramethylbenzene flux at ca. 200 °C. X‐ray crystal structure determinations and X‐ray powder data show that, in the solid state, the larger lanthanoids (La–Dy) form an isomorphous polymeric series consisting of homoleptic nine‐coordinate metal centres bonded to three chelating and bridging tridentate cinnamates. The late REIII cinnamate (RE = Dy, Ho–Lu, Y) complexes also form linear one‐dimensional polymeric chains with all RE metal atoms being seven‐coordinate. The cinnamates are either bound tridentate bridging in a μ‐η2:η1 fashion, or μ‐η1:η1 syn‐syn bidentate bridging. A structural break occurs at dysprosium which has been characterised in both crystallographic forms, and gives solely the late RE form when precipitated at 80 °C. ScIII cinnamate was also isolated as an analytically pure precipitate which was, again, found to be anhydrous in nature. A structural change was identified by powder XRD between the late REIII cinnamates and ScIII cinnamate.
TbFCl2: Das erste Fluoridchlorid der dreiwertigen Lanthanoide
Authors: Janka Oliver , Schleid Thomas 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTbFCl2: The First Fluoride Chloride of the Trivalent LanthanoidsSingle crystals of TbFCl2 (monoclinic, C2/c; a = 890.28(5), b = 581.56(3), c = 683.37(4) pm, β = 109.621(4)°; Z = 4) can be obtained by the reaction of TbCl3 and TbF3 under inert‐gas atmosphere in tantalum capsules (900 °C, 10 d) as colourless transparent lath‐shaped blocks. The crystal structure contains only one singular Tb3+ cation which is eightfold coordinated by two F− (d(Tb3+−F−) = 218 pm, 2×) and six Cl− anions (d(Tb3+−Cl−) = 280−287 pm) forming a distorted square antiprism. The F− anions are linear surrounded by two Tb3+ cations while the Cl− anions reside in a quasi‐planar coordination of three Tb3+ cations, therefore the Niggli formula for TbFCl2 has to be $^{3}_{\infty}\rm \{TbF_{2/2}Cl_{6/3}\}$. Terbium and fluorine form zigzag chains along the c axis that are not connected to each other and arrange like a hexagonal rod‐packing. These cationic chains $^{1}_{\infty}\rm \{[FTb_{2/2\prime}]^{2+}\}$ are mantled by Cl− anions which take care for the charge balance and the three‐dimensional cross‐linkage. The structural relationship of TbFCl2 with YF3‐type $\rm TbF_{3}( = ^{3}_{\infty}\rm \{Tb(F1)_{3/3}(F2)_{6/3}\})$ and PuBr3‐type $\rm TbCl_{3}( = ^{2}_{\infty}\rm \{Tb(Cl1)_{2/2}(Cl2)_{6/3}\})$ will also be discussed.
An Unusual Heterobimetallic Disiloxanediolate Cluster of Samarium(III)
Authors: Gießmann Stephan , Blaurock Steffen , Edelmann Frank T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe reaction of samarium(II) diiodide with in situ prepared disodium‐1,1,3,3‐tetraphenyl‐1,3‐disiloxanediolate, [(Ph2SiONa)2O], afforded the unusual heterobimetallic samarium(III) disiloxanediolate cluster [Me3SiO{μ‐Na(THF)}3Sm{μ‐(Ph2SiO)2O}3Na(THF)] (1) in low yield. A single‐crystal X‐ray structure determination of 1 revealed the presence of a polycylic inorganic ring system in which the samarium atom is not only chelated by three [(Ph2SiO)2O]2− ligands but is also part of a SmNa3O4 heterocubane cage.
Oligosilane‐ and Oligosiloxane‐bridged Phosphines – Synthesis, Structures, and Metalation
Authors: von Hänisch Carsten 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe range of molecular silicon phosphorus compounds has been extended by some new species containing oligosilane ((R2Si)n; n ≥ 2) or oligosiloxane ((R2SiO)mSiR2; m ≥ 1) fragments bound to phosphorus atoms. Primary and secondary compounds of these types allow for the synthesis of metal derivatives. Such metalated species usually form oligomers and exhibit a versatile structural chemistry with cyclic, polycyclic, and cage‐like patterns. The main results obtained in the field of oligosilane‐ and oligosiloxane‐bridged phosphines will be presented below and the structures of the metal derivatives will be discussed. Moreover, the synthesis of an inorganic ligand on the basis of siloxane‐bridged phosphines will be presented. This compound opens up a new chapter in host‐guest chemistry.
Surgery for Body Packing in the Caribbean: A Retrospective Study of 70 Patients
Authors: de Beer S. A. , Spiessens G. , Mol W. , Fa‐Si‐Oen P. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBackgroundBody packing is a way to deliver packages of drugs hidden in body cavities, across international borders. This may cause mechanical bowel obstruction and intoxication leading to emergency surgery. The objective of this retrospective study is to evaluate pre‐, per‐ and postoperative characteristics of body packing and its complications and prognosis after surgery.MethodsMedical information was obtained from 70 patients diagnosed with Body Packer syndrome who underwent surgery for body packing in the period of July 2001–July 2005 at the St. Elisabeth hospital, Curaçao, the Netherlands Antilles.ResultsWound infection occurred in 32.9% and fascia dehiscence in 2.9%. Most procedures were enterotomies. One patient had a re‐laparotomy for Hartmann’s procedure because of an anastomotic leak and three other patients had a partial small bowel resection. The creation of a stoma was only needed in one patient. One patient died of postoperative DIC. In six patients packages were left behind, not requiring re‐operation.ConclusionsBowel obstruction and symptoms of intoxication are clear indications for surgery in body packing patients. In our study there was a low mortality and stoma placement rate, we did find a remarkable high amount of wound infection but no evidence for a higher incidence of fascia dehiscence in comparison with elective gastrointestinal surgery. In surgery for bodypacking a mandatory postoperative x‐ray is indicated. A prospective trial is needed to assess more information about possible predictive factors of postoperative complications and mortality after surgery for body packing.
Melting of Two-Dimensional Electron Crystal on Liquid 3He Induced by Resonance Microwave Absorption
Authors: Konstantinov D. , Kono K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMicrowave-resonance induced increase of magneto-resistivity σ
xx
−1
of the surface-state electrons (SSE) on liquid 3He is observed at low temperatures at which SSE crystallize into the Wigner solid (WS). At the resonance, the relative change of σ
xx
−1
of SSE in the solid phase is found to be several times of the corresponding change in the liquid phase measured under similar experimental conditions. We attribute this effect to melting of WS induced by electron heating which accompanies the microwave absorption. σ
xx
−1
is found to increase gradually with microwave power, which is rather different from the sharp resistivity increase induced by direct heating of the substrate in the absence of microwaves. The effect of microwave resonance-induced heating on the sliding of WS from the periodic surface deformation of liquid is also investigated.
NYARROH OF BANDASUMA, 1885–1914: A RE-INTERPRETATION OF FEMALE CHIEFTAINCY IN SIERRA LEONE
Authors: DAY LYNDA R. 
Published: November 2007

ABSTRACTThis study examines Nyarroh, a woman chief situated at the cusp of colonial penetration in what is today southern Sierra Leone. Nyarroh ruled a large, strategically located town and its surrounding villages from about 1880 to 1914. The documents which outline her public life have not previously been explored, yet they reveal the flexibility of gendered notions of political power and leadership in the region. Her life story allows us to look backward to precolonial Mendeland and forward to the colonial era, to consider the extent to which women's leadership and prerogatives were maintained or re-invented through colonial penetration and the nascent colonial state.
GOLD MINING AND JULA INFLUENCE IN PRECOLONIAL SOUTHERN BURKINA FASO
Authors: WERTHMANN KATJA 
Published: November 2007

ABSTRACTThe ‘Lobi’ region in what is today southern Burkina Faso is frequently mentioned in historical accounts of gold mining in West Africa. However, little is known about the actual location of the gold mines or about the way gold mining and trade were organized in precolonial times. This article points out that some previous hypotheses about precolonial gold mining, trade and the sociopolitical organization of this region are flawed, partly because ‘Lobi’, as the name for both the region and its inhabitants, is misleading. In fact, the references to ‘Lobi’ merge two distinct gold-producing zones along the Mouhoun river, about 200 km from each other. The present-day populations of southern Burkina who have settled there since the eighteenth century do not know who was mining gold prior to their arrival, and many of them have not been involved in gold mining at all due to conceptions of gold as a dangerous substance.
Mesenchymal cell atypicality in inflammatory polyps
Authors: Klenoff Bruce H. , Goodman Max L. 
Published: November 2007

Excised nasal polyps should be examined histologically for classification as to aetiological process. Recently a ‘pseudosarcomatous’ change was reported in nasal polyps. We reviewed one hundred excised polyps for mesenchymal atypicality and found a wide degree of mesenchymal atypicality in the majority of nasal polyps.Nasal and choanal inflammatory polyps are the most frequent nasal masses which the otolaryngologist has to treat. Surgical excision is frequently required to alleviate the nasal symptoms of polyps unresponsive to medical therapy. Excised nasal polyps should be examined histologically for classification as to possible aetiological mechanisms and to rule out neoplastic lesions (Shea, 1947).Smith, Echevarria, and McLelland (Smith, 1974) recently described ‘pseudosarcomatous changes’ in nasal polyps. This stimulated us to investigate our inflammatoru nasal polyps for these histological changes. Casual observations demonstrated an impressive number of inflammatory polyps with varying amounts of atypical mesenchymal stroma cells. To quantitate these alterations, we reviewed the histological slides from one hundred patients with excised inflammatory polyps and the results are the subject of this report.
Neonatal respiratory distress
Authors: Tulloch J. F. Camilla , Mcfarlane J. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractInfants born with micrognathia and glossoptosis may present as a grave emergency, with recurrent bouts of respiratory distress and cyanosis. The management of this condition is discussed, with particular reference to conservative measures. A new cradle has been designed to facilitate the management of these children during the neo-natal period.
Fibrosarcoma in the thyroid gland: recurrence treated with radiotherapy
Authors: Berthelsen Anne 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA CASE of sarcoma of the thyroid gland in a 38-year-old woman is presented. The patient developed a large tumour in the neck within a year after an uncomplicated thyroidectomy. Biopsy from the tumour showed fibrosarcoma. The patient received irradiation to the neck given in two series and is alive 30 years after radiotherapy and without progression of the disease.
An evaluation of the use of scanning and transmission electronmicroscopy in a study of the gentamicin-damaged guinea-pig organ of Corti
Authors: Harpur E. S. , Bridges J. B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractScanning electronmicroscopy and transmission electronmicroscopy were used to study the normal and gentamicin-damaged guinea-pig organ of Corti. Scanning electronmicroscopy was principally used to locate the lesion and quantify the cell loss but also permitted a detailed study to be made of the degenerative surface changes. However, since consistent surface changes are not seen until intracellular degeneration has progressed to a great extent, scanning electronmicroscopy is not a suitable technique for identifying early degenerative changes in the sensory cells of the organ of Corti. Consequently, before conclusions may be drawn about the absence of pathological changes in the neuro-epithelium it also should be examined using transmission electron-microscopy.