bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of Intern Doctors and Postgraduate Students About Neuroanatomy Education in Bangladesh
Authors: Nishat Latifa , Rahman Sufi HZ , Shamim Khondker M 
Published: April 2024

Objective: To explore the perception of intern doctors and postgraduate students of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry about neuroanatomy education at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels in Bangladesh.
Participants and methods: Eight intern doctors and fourteen postgraduate students were selected on the basis of their willingness to participate in the study. The intern of a public medical college hospital who almost completed their training and final part postgraduate students of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry of different medical institutions of Dhaka were invited for the study. Qualitative research methods involving two focus group discussions (FGDs) were used. FGDs were modelled using some preselected agenda. The discussions were audiotaped and handwritten transcripts were analysed for identifying themes representing the perception.
Results: Neuroanatomy was perceived as a difficult but important subject by the participants. Inappropriate timing, as well as the limited use of radiological images, visual aids, clinical correlation and a lack of discipline-specific approach were perceived as the causes of the difficulties. The suggested ways of improving better understanding included enhanced functional, clinical and radiological orientation, and increased use of multimedia and online resources in the teaching-learning of neuroanatomy.
Conclusion: The perception of intern doctors and postgraduate students of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry about their neuroanatomy education indicates the need for redesigning teaching-learning at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Enhancement of radiological images, 3-D visual aids, clinically-oriented and discipline-specific approach in neuroanatomy teaching-learning may be helpful in applying relevant knowledge and skills in clinical practices.
Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy July 2015, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 46-56
CBR METHOD EXPERT SYSTEM FOR FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH PROBLEM DETECTION
Authors: Lestari Ade Dili , Siregar Iqbal Kamil , Santoso Santoso 
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Technological developments open up opportunities to improve health services, especially in the diagnosis of female reproductive health problems. This research discusses the development of an expert system at Utama General Hospital in Kisaran to assist in the early diagnosis of female reproductive diseases. The problems that occur in this article are the absence of knowledge about dangerous diseases, lack of awareness of reproductive health diseases, remote and hard-to-reach locations of health facilities, high costs for consultations and drugs, and long time to get diagnostic results. The method used in solving these problems is Case Based Reasoning (CBR), where the system uses the experience of previous cases to handle new cases. The process involves collecting patient data, building a knowledge base, and developing an expert system using the CBR approach. Test results show the system is able to provide accurate diagnosis based on the symptoms inputted by the user. Solutions for each disease are displayed, providing useful information for further treatment. In conclusion, the development of this expert system is expected to improve the accessibility and quality of women's reproductive health services by providing fast and appropriate solutions. Keywords: case based reasoning (CBR) method; expert system; main public hospital kisaran; women's reproduction. Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi membuka peluang untuk meningkatkan layanan kesehatan, terutama dalam diagnosis masalah kesehatan reproduksi wanita. Artikel ini membahas pengembangan sistem pakar di Rumah Sakit Umum Utama Kisaran untuk membantu diagnosis dini penyakit reproduksi wanita. Masalah yang terjadi pada penelitian ini yaitu Tidak adanya pengetahuan tentang penyakit berbahaya, kurangnya kesadaran akan penyakit kesehatan reproduksi, lokasi fasilitas kesehatan yang terpencil dan sulit dijangkau, biaya tinggi untuk konsultasi dan obat, serta waktu yang lama untuk mendapatkan hasil diagnosa. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam menyelesaikan masalah tersebut adalah Case Based Reasoning (CBR), di mana sistem menggunakan pengalaman kasus sebelumnya untuk menangani kasus baru. Proses melibatkan pengumpulan data pasien, pembentukan basis pengetahuan, dan pengembangan sistem pakar menggunakan pendekatan CBR. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan sistem mampu memberikan diagnosis akurat berdasarkan gejala yang diinputkan oleh pengguna. Solusi untuk setiap penyakit ditampilkan, memberikan informasi yang berguna untuk penanganan lebih lanjut. Kesimpulannya, pengembangan sistem pakar ini diharapkan meningkatkan aksesibilitas dan kualitas layanan kesehatan reproduksi wanita dengan memberikan solusi yang cepat dan tepat. Kata kunci: metode case based reasoning (CBR); reproduksi wanita; rumah sakit umum utama kisaran; sistem pakar.
FORECASTING METHOD SINGLE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING FOR DEMAND GROCERIES AT THE GUNTUR STORE
Authors: Irsyah Ahmad Aziz , Risnawati Risnawati , Efendi Zulfan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Guntur Store is located on Jl. Sisingamangaraja, Kisaran, Asahan Regency. It focuses on selling basic needs, but the store faces a problem in its sales. The main issue encountered is the uncertainty in forecasting the stock of basic needs, which can lead to imbalance between supply and demand, due to Guntur Store still relying on manual ledger entries for reporting and inputting data into Microsoft Excel. This research aims to predict the demand for basic needs at Guntur Store using the Single Exponential Smoothing Method and to enhance prediction accuracy through the application of time series analysis techniques on historical sales data. The Single Exponential Smoothing Method will be employed to model and forecast patterns of demand for staple goods. The findings of this research can provide insights into future demand for goods, thereby improving supply chain optimization and ensuring adequate stock levels to effectively meet customer demands. The conclusion of this study is to obtain more accurate estimates in anticipating the evolving data patterns of basic needs at Guntur Store, thus providing valuable information for the store and policymakers involved in the distribution of basic needs.Keywords: basic food needs; forecasting; single exponential smoothing Abstrak : Toko Guntur terletak di Jl. Sisingamangaraja, Kisaran, Kabupaten Asahan. Berfokus pada penjualan kebutuhan sembako, namun dalam penjualan toko tersebut mengalami sebuah permasalahan. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi adalah ketidakpastian dalam meramalkan kebutuhan stok Sembako yang dapat mengakibatkan ketidakseimbangan antara pasokan dan permintaan, dikarenkan Toko Guntur masih menggunakan buku besar dalam pembuatan laporan dan di input ke dalam microsoft excel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi permintaan Sembako di Toko Guntur menggunakan Metode Single Exponential Smoothing serta meningkatkan akurasi prediksi melalui penerapan teknik analisis deret waktu terhadap data penjualan historis. Metode Single Exponential Smoothing akan digunakan untuk memodelkan dan memprediksi pola permintaan barang pokok. Hasil penelitian ini dapat memberikan jumlah permintaan barang di masa mendatang sehingga optimalisasi rantai pasok menjadi g lebih baik dan memastikan tingkat stok yang memadai untuk memenuhi permintaan pelanggan secara efektif. Kesimpulan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan perkiraan yang lebih akurat dalam mengantisipasi pola data yang sedang berkembang kebutuhan sembako pada Toko Guntur sehingga menghasilkan informasi yang akurat dapat menjadi sumber informasi berharga bagi Toko Guntur, dan pembuat kebijakan yang terlibat dalam distribusi Sembako.Kata Kunci: kebutuhan sembako; single exponential smoothing; peramalan
Longitudinal change of serum exosomal miR-186-5p estimates major adverse cardiac events in acute myocardial infarction patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Ren Lingyun , Liu Wei , Chen Shanshan , Zeng Haibo 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveOur recently published study discovers that exosomal microRNA (miR)-186-5p promotes vascular smooth muscle cell viability and invasion to facilitate atherosclerosis. This research aimed to explore the prognostic implication of serum exosomal miR-186-5p in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).MethodsOne hundred and fifty AMI patients receiving PCI and 50 healthy controls (HCs) were screened. Serum exosomal miR-186-5p was detected by reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay in AMI patients at admission and after PCI, as well as in HCs after enrollment. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were recorded during follow-up in AMI patients receiving PCI.ResultsSerum exosomal miR-186-5p was raised in AMI patients vs. HCs (P &lt; 0.001). Besides, serum exosomal miR-186-5p was positively linked to body mass index (P = 0.048), serum creatinine (P = 0.021), total cholesterol (P = 0.029), and C-reactive protein (P = 0.018); while it was reversely linked with estimated glomerular filtration rate (P = 0.023) in AMI patients. Interestingly, serum exosomal miR-186-5p was correlated with the diagnosis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (P = 0.034). Notably, serum exosomal miR-186-5p was decreased after PCI vs. at admission (P &lt; 0.001). The 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-month accumulating MACE rates were 4.5%, 8.9%, 14.8%, and 14.8% in AMI patients. Furthermore, serum exosomal miR-186-5p ≥3.39 (maximum value in HCs) after PCI (P = 0.021) and its decrement percentage &lt;median (35%) decrement (P = 0.044) estimated elevated MACE in AMI patients.ConclusionSerum exosomal miR-186-5p is reduced after PCI, and its post-PCI high level or minor decrease estimates increased MACE risk in AMI patients.
Research trends in the use of secondary batteries for energy storage
Authors: García-Pineda Vanessa , Valencia-Arias Alejandro , Zapata Ochoa Edison Andrés , Sánchez-Santos Gustavo , Gastiaburú-Morales Silvia Yvone , Palacios-Moya Lucia 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: This study addresses the use of secondary batteries for energy storage, which is essential for a sustainable energy matrix. However, despite its importance, there are still important gaps in the scientific literature. Therefore, the objective is to examine the research trends on the use of secondary batteries for energy storage and to assess their development and direction.Methods: A bibliometric analysis is used, following the PRISMA-2020 guidelines for the analysis of secondary sources. 98 studies were identified and analyzed in the bibliometric evaluation category. Although this is a review of different research documents and different types of batteries are addressed, the study focuses mainly on the identification of the different existing trends in the use of second-use batteries for energy storage.Results: The study’s findings show a significant increase in interest, particularly in 2023, 2022, and 2021. Key researchers such as Zakeri and Kulcinski, as well as journals like Energy Conversion and Management, have made significant contributions. The significance of the topic is highlighted by the annual production of articles. The leading research in this field comes from the United States and China, with a shift in focus towards specific areas such as thermal assessment and storage. Thematic clusters include life cycle analysis, thermal storage, and lithium-ion batteries. Emerging terms such as ‘smart grid’ and ‘exergy’ indicate a growing interest.Discussion: Understanding trends in battery research is crucial for developing sustainable energy solutions and addressing global energy challenges.
Non-target screening to track contaminant removal and release during nature-based water treatment
Authors: Guy Charlotte , Duporté Geoffroy , Luquot Linda , Gomez Elena 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Population growth and increasing water demand have exacerbated water resource scarcity. Treated wastewater (TWW) is a valuable alternative resource, but its complex composition, including micropollutants, raises concerns about reuse risks. Reactive barriers (RB) made with natural materials offer a solution to remove TWW contaminants. Evaluating RB process effectiveness and comprehending contaminant fate remain challenging. Recent advances in High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) and non-target analysis (NTA) provide an opportunity to identify contaminants and evaluate RB processes. The study aims to develop an NTA approach to assess RB effectiveness and understand the NTA contribution for broadening perspectives on the impact of reactive barrier treatment.Methods: In a serie of batch experiments, TWW was mixed with a RB under two conditions: TWW in contact with RB (TWW+RB) and TWW alone (TWW). After 1 h of contact, samples were extracted and analyzed using HPLC-HRMS. NTA workflow and statistical comparison between the two sample conditions were applied for data treatment. Additionally, a quantitative method was applied to 28 pharmaceutical residues. Sorption (%) was calculated by comparing concentrations in TWW+RB and TWW experiments. NTA’s applicability for sorption estimation was investigated using intensities from differential analysis.Results: Differential analysis shows significant differences in compounds that decrease or increase after contact with BR. A prioritization workflow identified and annotated 115 compounds. Natural products predominantly increased after RB contact, while compounds exhibited a significant 75% decrease in peak area are mainly pharmaceuticals. Notably, 61% of these molecules were sorbed at more than 50%. The sorption of emerging contaminants (ECs) estimated by NTA correlated satisfactorily with sorption quantified through target analysis, although caution regarding the matrix effect is necessary.Discussion: NTA provides a comprehensive view of RB treatment performance, giving information on the compounds released by the barrier and its sorption capacity. NTA emphasizes the benefits of RB treatment while highlighting the need to study compounds reloaded by RB. It is a powerful tool for understanding the advantages of nature-based reactive barrier treatment in improving the quality of TWW.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 glyco-humanized polyclonal antibody XAV-19: phase II/III randomized placebo-controlled trial shows acceleration to recovery for mild to moderate patients with COVID-19
Authors: Poulakou Garyfallia , Royer Pierre-Joseph , Evgeniev Nikolay , Evanno Gwénaëlle , Shneiker Françoise , Marcelin Anne-Geneviève , Vanhove Bernard , Duvaux Odile , Marot Stéphane , Calvez Vincent 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionXAV-19 is a glyco-humanized swine polyclonal antibody targeting SARS-CoV-2 with high neutralizing activity. The safety and clinical efficacy of XAV-19 were investigated in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19.MethodsThis phase II/III, multicentric, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of XAV-19 in patients with a seven-point WHO score of 2 to 4 at randomization, i.e., inpatients with COVID-19 requiring or not requiring low-flow oxygen therapy, and outpatients not requiring oxygen (EUROXAV trial, NCT04928430). Adult patients presenting in specialized or emergency units with confirmed COVID-19 and giving their consent to participate in the study were randomized to receive 150 mg of XAV-19 or placebo. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with aggravation within 8 days after treatment, defined as a worsening of the seven-point WHO score of at least one point between day 8 and day 1 (inclusion). The neutralization activity of XAV-19 against variants circulating during the trial was tested in parallel.ResultsFrom March 2021 to October 2022, 279 patients received either XAV-19 (N = 140) or placebo (N = 139). A slow enrollment and a low rate of events forced the termination of the premature trial. XAV-19 was well tolerated. Underpowered statistics did not allow the detection of any difference in the primary endpoint between the two groups or in stratified groups. Interestingly, analysis of the time to improvement (secondary endpoint) showed that XAV-19 significantly accelerated the recovery for patients with a WHO score of 2 or 3 (median at 7 days vs. 14 days, p = 0.0159), and even more for patients with a WHO score of 2 (4 days vs. 14 days, p = 0.0003). The neutralizing activity against Omicron and BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4/5, and BQ.1.1 subvariants was shown.DiscussionIn this randomized placebo- controlled trial with premature termination, reduction of aggravation by XAV-19 at day 8 in patients with COVID-19 was not detectable. However, a significant reduction of the time to improvement for patients not requiring oxygen was observed. XAV-19 maintained a neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Altogether, these data support a possible therapeutic interest for patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 requiring anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies.Clinical Trial Registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier NCT04928430; https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/about.html (EudraCT), identifier 2020-005979-12.
High interleukin-6 levels induced by COVID-19 pneumonia correlate with increased circulating follicular helper T cell frequency and strong neutralization antibody response in the acute phase of Omicron breakthrough infection
Authors: Kawasuji Hitoshi , Morinaga Yoshitomo , Nagaoka Kentaro , Tani Hideki , Yoshida Yoshihiro , Yamada Hiroshi , Takegoshi Yusuke , Kaneda Makito , Murai Yushi , Kimoto Kou , Niimi Hideki , Yamamoto Yoshihiro 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundAcute immune responses to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are influenced by variants, vaccination, and clinical severity. Thus, the outcome of these responses may differ between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients and those with and without COVID-19-related pneumonia. In this study, these differences during infection with the Omicron variant were investigated.MethodsA total of 67 patients (including 47 vaccinated and 20 unvaccinated patients) who were hospitalized within 5 days after COVID-19 symptom onset were enrolled in this prospective observational study. Serum neutralizing activity was evaluated using a pseudotyped virus assay and serum cytokines and chemokines were measured. Circulating follicular helper T cell (cTfh) frequencies were evaluated using flow cytometry.ResultsTwenty-five patients developed COVID-19 pneumonia on hospitalization. Although the neutralizing activities against wild-type and Delta variants were higher in the vaccinated group, those against the Omicron variant as well as the frequency of developing pneumonia were comparable between the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. IL-6 and CXCL10 levels were higher in patients with pneumonia than in those without it, regardless of their vaccination status. Neutralizing activity against the Omicron variant were higher in vaccinated patients with pneumonia than in those without it. Moreover, a distinctive correlation between neutralizing activity against Omicron, IL-6 levels, and cTfh proportions was observed only in vaccinated patients.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates the existence of a characteristic relationship between neutralizing activity against Omicron, IL-6 levels, and cTfh proportions in Omicron breakthrough infection.
Effect of Mn-content of ER5356 welding rods on mechanical properties of Al-alloys joints
Authors: Ni Xianpeng , Xu Shaohua , Mu Hua 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Compared with imported welding wire, domestic aluminum alloy welding wire has more internal inclusion defects. To improve the welding quality and reliability of aluminum alloy, the welding performance of aluminum alloy was improved by adding different content of Mn element.Methods: ER5356 aluminum alloy ingot with different Mn content (0.05% and 0.15%) was prepared by semi-continuous casting and gravity casting. After stretching, the mechanical properties and microstructure of ER5356 aluminum alloy were studied. In addition, the microstructure, microhardness and mechanical behavior of ER5356 aluminum alloy welding wire with 6082 and 7005 aluminum alloy joints were studied.Results and Discussion: Compared with gravity casting, the yield strength and tensile strength of ER5356 (0.15% Mn) were increased by 12.8% and 3.17% respectively. The head influence zone of the joint made of metal wire containing 0.15% Mn is slightly wider than that of the joint made of ER535 (0.05% Mn) containing 0.05% Mn. The quality of ER5356 aluminum alloy welding wire blocked by semi-continuous casting is better than that of ER5356 aluminum alloy welding wire blocked by gravity casting method. Mn element can improve the metal deposition process in welding.Conclusion: The research method can improve the welding current control and welding quality, and has important practical significance in improving the mechanical properties of welding seams.
Competing risk nomogram predicting cause-specific mortality in older patients with testicular germ cell tumors
Authors: Wu Xiaoying , Zhou Mingfei , Lyu Jun , Chen Lin 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundTesticular germ cell tumor (TGCT) is the most common type of malignancy in young men, but rarely in older adults. We aimed to construct a competing risk model to predict the prognosis for older patients with TGCT.MethodsWe collected TGCT patients aged 50 years or older diagnosed between 2004 and 2015 from the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We estimated the cumulative incidences of cause-specific death (CSD) and other causes of death and established a nomogram predicting cause-specific mortality in older patients with TGCT by Fine-Gray competing risk regression. The concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and decision analysis curves (DCA) were used to evaluate the differentiation, accuracy, and clinical significance of the nomogram.ResultsA total of 2,751 older TGCT patients were included in the study. The 3-, 5-, and 10-year cumulative incidences were 4.4, 5.0 and 6.1%, respectively, for cause-specific death, and 3.8, 6.2, 13.1%, respectively, for other causes of death. Predictors of cause-specific mortality in older TGCT included age, marital status, annual household income, histology, tumor size, stage and surgery. In the training and validation sets, the C-indexes were greater than 0.8, indicating that the nomogram had good discrimination. The AUC revealed the same result. The calibration curves showed good agreement between the predicted and observed results of the nomogram. DCA curves indicated that the nomogram had more clinical significance than the conventional American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging. Based on the total nomogram score of each case, all patients were categorized into low-risk and high-risk groups, and risk categorization allowed the identification of cases with a high risk of death.ConclusionWe established a competing risk nomogram with good performance that may help clinicians accurately predict the prognosis of older TGCT patients.