bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction of a circadian rhythm-related gene signature for predicting the prognosis and immune infiltration of breast cancer
Authors: Ni Lin , Li He , Cui Yanqi , Xiong Wanqiu , Chen Shuming , Huang Hancong , Wang Zhiwei , Zhao Hu , Wang Bing 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesIn this study, we constructed a model based on circadian rhythm associated genes (CRRGs) to predict prognosis and immune infiltration in patients with breast cancer (BC).Materials and methodsBy using TCGA and CGDB databases, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of circadian rhythm gene expression and clinicopathological data. Three different machine learning algorithms were used to screen out the characteristic circadian genes associated with BC prognosis. On this basis, a circadian gene prediction model about BC prognosis was constructed and validated. We also evaluated the association of the model’s risk score with immune cells and immune checkpoint genes, and analyzed prognostic genes and drug sensitivity in this model.ResultsWe screened 62 DEGs, including 30 upregulated genes and 32 downregulated genes, and performed GO and KEGG analysis on them. The above 62 DEGs were included in Cox analysis, LASSO regression, Random Forest and SVMV-RFE, respectively, and then the intersection was used to obtain 5 prognostic related characteristic genes (SUV39H2, OPN4, RORB, FBXL6 and SIAH2). The Risk Score of each sample was calculated according to the expression level and risk coefficient of 5 genes, Risk Score= (SUV39H2 expression level ×0.0436) + (OPN4 expression level ×1.4270) + (RORB expression level ×0.1917) + (FBXL6 expression level ×0.3190) + (SIAH2 expression level × -0.1984).ConclusionSUV39H2, OPN4, RORB and FBXL6 were positively correlated with Risk Score, while SIAH2 was negatively correlated with Risk Score. The above five circadian rhythm genes can construct a risk model for predicting the prognosis and immune invasion of BC.
Impact of dietary magnesium intake on depression risk in American adults: a cross-sectional study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2020
Authors: Huang Yanping , Ruan Su , Yang Yang , Liang Hui , Chen Su , Chang Qing 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionDepression is a major global mental health challenge. Previous research suggests a link between magnesium consumption and depression, but the dose–response relationship remains unclear. This study investigates the relationship between dietary magnesium intake and depression risk among American adults.MethodsData from the 2005–2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were examined. Depression was measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and dietary magnesium consumption was calculated from two 24-h meal recalls. We used restricted cubic spline models, logistic regression, and sensitivity analyses to assess the connection.ResultsAmong 35,252 participants (mean age: 49.5 ± 17.6 years; 49.9% women), we observed a nonlinearity in the relationship between dietary magnesium intake and depression. Below the inflection point (366.7 mg/day), the odds ratio (OR) was 0.998 (95% CI: 0.997–0.999, p &lt; 0.001). Above this point, the OR was 1.001 (95% CI: 1.000–1.002, p = 0.007). In participants aged ≥60 years, the association was inverse L-shaped, with magnesium intake ≥270.7 mg/day increasing depression incidence by 0.1% per 1 mg/d increase.ConclusionA nonlinear dose–response relationship exists between dietary magnesium intake and depression risk among US adults. Age significantly moderates this association, suggesting dietary recommendations should be tailored to different age groups.
Association between advanced lung cancer inflammation index and all-cause and cause-specific mortality among asthma patients: a cohort study
Authors: Tian Tu-Lei , Qu Xiang-Kun , Zhang Hong-Bo , Wang Cun-Cun , Yuan Qing-Qing , Xia Jing , Cao Li-Fang , Liu Kui 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI), which reflects both inflammation and nutritional status, has an uncertain role in predicting outcomes for asthma patients. This study aimed to evaluate the association between ALI and mortality from all causes, as well as specific causes including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer-related mortality, among individuals with asthma.MethodsWe analyzed data from 4,829 asthma patients who participated in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the relationship between ALI and both all-cause and cause-specific mortality, adjusting for demographic and clinical variables. Additionally, restricted cubic spline models were applied to explore potential nonlinear trends, while segmented Cox models were used to identify threshold effects. A competing risk model further examined the independent association of ALI with CVD mortality.ResultsOver a median follow-up of 7.83 years, a total of 582 deaths from all causes, 151 cardiovascular-related deaths, and 125 cancer-related deaths were recorded. An L-shaped association was observed between ALI and both all-cause and CVD mortality, with thresholds identified at 82.02 for all-cause mortality and 58.40 for CVD mortality. Compared to the lowest quartile of ALI (Q1), patients in the highest quartile (Q4) had a 49% lower risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.40–0.66) and a 51% reduction in CVD mortality (HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.29–0.83). This protective effect was further confirmed by the competing risk model. No significant association between ALI and cancer mortality was observed (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.98–1.03).ConclusionALI was significantly and inversely associated with all-cause and CVD mortality in asthma patients, particularly when ALI values were below 82.02 and 58.40, respectively, where the risk of mortality was substantially lower. These findings suggest that ALI may have clinical utility in assessing prognosis for asthma patients, especially in terms of cardiovascular risk evaluation.
Association of oxidative balance score with metabolic syndrome and its components in middle-aged and older individuals in the United States
Authors: Zhang Qu , Wu Yemei , Luo Bo 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among middle-aged and older individuals in the U.S. is rising, posing significant mortality risks. Diet is a key factor in MetS development, yet few studies have examined the combined effects of dietary and lifestyle factors on MetS in this group. Recently, the oxidative balance score (OBS), an indicator of oxidative status encompassing diet and physical activity, has attracted interest. This study explores the association between OBS and MetS, as well as its individual components, in middle-aged and older Americans.MethodsData from 6,157 participants aged 45 years and older in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (1999–2018) were analyzed. The OBS was calculated using 16 dietary and four lifestyle factors. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between OBS and MetS. Separate analyses examined dietary OBS (DOBS) and lifestyle OBS (LOBS) in relation to MetS.ResultsHigher OBS quartiles were associated with a reduced MetS risk (OR 0.25; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.12–0.51; p &lt; 0.0001), after adjusting for confounders. Increased OBS was linked to decreases in waist circumference (WC) (OR 0.41; 95% CI: 0.30–0.51; p &lt; 0.0001), triglycerides (TG) (OR 0.71; 95% CI: 0.53–0.92; p = 0.0139), blood pressure (BP) (OR 0.53; 95% CI: 0.40–0.69; p &lt; 0.0001), and fasting glucose (FG) (OR 0.61; 95% CI: 0.45–0.81; p &lt; 0.0001), while HDL-C increased (OR 0.68; 95% CI: 0.51–0.90; p = 0.0065). DOBS was inversely associated with MetS through reductions in BP and FG and increased HDL-C, though it showed no significant effect on WC or TG. LOBS was associated with reductions across WC, BP, FG, TG, and an increase in HDL-C.ConclusionOBS is inversely associated with MetS in middle-aged and older U.S. adults. Enhancing OBS through dietary guidelines emphasizing antioxidant-rich foods, fiber, and unsaturated fats, alongside lifestyle changes like regular exercise, smoking cessation, and moderate alcohol intake, may be crucial in MetS prevention for this population.
Improving diagnostic precision in thyroid nodule segmentation from ultrasound images with a self-attention mechanism-based Swin U-Net model
Authors: Yang Changan , Ashraf Muhammad Awais , Riaz Mudassar , Umwanzavugaye Pascal , Chipusu Kavimbi , Huang Hongyuan , Xu Yueqin 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundAccurate segmentation of thyroid nodules in ultrasound imaging remains a significant challenge in medical diagnostics, primarily due to edge blurring and substantial variability in nodule size. These challenges directly affect the precision of thyroid disorder diagnoses, which are crucial for metabolic and hormonal regulation.MethodsThis study proposes a novel segmentation approach utilizing a Swin U-Net architecture enhanced with a self-attention mechanism. The model integrates residual and multiscale convolutional structures in the encoder path, with long skip connections feeding into an attention module to improve edge preservation and feature extraction. The decoder path employs these refined features to achieve precise segmentation. Comparative evaluations were conducted against traditional models, including U-Net and DeepLabv3+.ResultsThe Swin U-Net model demonstrated superior performance, achieving an average Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) of 0.78, surpassing baseline models such as U-Net and DeepLabv3+. The incorporation of residual and multiscale convolutional structures, along with the use of long skip connections, effectively addressed issues of edge blurring and nodule size variability. These advancements resulted in significant improvements in segmentation accuracy, highlighting the model’s potential for addressing the inherent challenges of thyroid ultrasound imaging.ConclusionThe enhanced Swin U-Net architecture exhibits notable improvements in the robustness and accuracy of thyroid nodule segmentation, offering considerable potential for clinical applications in thyroid disorder diagnosis. While the study acknowledges dataset size limitations, the findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. This method represents a significant step toward more reliable and precise diagnostics in thyroid disease management, with potential implications for enhanced patient outcomes in clinical practice.
A rare case report of primary ovarian carcinoid presenting with constipation
Authors: Deng Xiaofeng , Huang Qian , Xie Bangfang , Huang Hailong , Chen Jianguo 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundOvarian carcinoids are exceptionally rare. This report discusses an unprecedented case of a primary ovarian mixed insular and trabecular carcinoid, presenting with constipation.Case PresentationA 47-year-old female presented with a four-month history of constipation. A comprehensive abdominal CT with contrast revealed a large mass in the pelvic region, measuring 8.6×9.7×9.3cm. Consequently, the patient was referred for further evaluation. Intraoperative exploration uncovered a 10.0×9.0 cm mass in the left ovary. Initial histopathological assessment suggested a sex cord-stromal cell tumor, leading to a left ovariectomy and bilateral salpingectomy. Final histopathological analysis post-surgery identified the mass as a mixed insular and trabecular carcinoid. The patient was diagnosed with stage Ia, T1aN0M0 primary ovarian mixed insular and trabecular carcinoid.ConclusionsDiagnosis of carcinoids predominantly relies on postoperative histopathological examination. As of now, There is no established standard treatment, emphasizing the necessity for ongoing patient monitoring.
Bladder-sparing therapy in a case report of huge muscle-invasive bladder IMT treated with 1470 nm diode laser en bloc resection followed by laparoscopic partial cystectomy
Authors: Chu Junhao , Yuan Huisheng , Zhang Zhihui , Kan Jiajun , Duan Shishuai , Wang Zilong , Wang Muwen 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundBladder inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare intermediate malignancy. Muscle-invasive bladder IMT is associated with a high risk of recurrence and metastasis, and bladder-sparing treatments for this condition are still under exploration. This case aims to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of 1470 nm diode laser transurethral en bloc resection (ERBT) followed by laparoscopic partial cystectomy in the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder IMT.Methods and resultsA 23-year-old male patient presented with painless terminal gross hematuria and was treated at Shandong Provincial Hospital of Shandong First Medical University. Computed tomography urography (CTU) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified a large tumor on the anterior bladder wall with muscle layer invasion, measuring approximately 5.0 × 3.9 × 4.3 cm. The patient underwent 1470 nm laser ERBT, followed by laparoscopic partial cystectomy 35 days later. Pathological examination following 1470 nm laser resection confirmed the diagnosis of an IMT with malignant potential, showing anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positivity, a Ki-67 index of 20% in hotspot regions, and ALK gene rearrangement detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Pathology after the secondary laparoscopic partial cystectomy showed tumor invasion into the superficial muscle layer, with negative margins at the resection site. MRI and cystoscopy showed no recurrence during 1 year follow-up.ConclusionThis case presents a patient with a huge muscle-invasive bladder IMT who received bladder-sparing therapy through 1470 nm diode laser ERBT followed by laparoscopic partial cystectomy. During subsequent follow-ups, the patient showed good recovery with no signs of recurrence, providing a promising treatment concept for bladder-sparing therapy in muscle-invasive bladder IMT.
Multi-centre comparison between device-independent web-browser perimetry (Melbourne Rapid Fields-web) and SITA-Faster for glaucoma
Authors: Tiang Joyce , Vingrys Algis J. , Lin Sarah , Prea Selwyn M. , Moktar Adam Ahmed , Bank Allan , Agar Ashish , Kong Yu Xiang George 
Published: February 2025

PurposeVisual field testing is important for glaucoma diagnosis and management, but access to standard automated perimetry can be limited in some areas due to cost or access. Melbourne Rapid Fields-web (MRF-web) perimeter is designed to address these limitations by allowing perimetry testing on the flat screen of your personal computer.MethodsThis study is a retrospective, cross-sectional study involving two locations in Australia, one in metropolitan Melbourne and one in rural Dubbo NSW. 232 patients with stable glaucoma, glaucoma suspect or normal eyes were tested with MRF-web and outcomes were compared to the most recent Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA) 24-2 SITA Faster test. Outcomes were compared by Deming regressions, Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman methods.ResultsPatient age ranged from 21 to 92 (average 66.3, SD 16.1). Bland-Altman found a bias of -0.50dB for Mean Deviation (MD) between the two tests, with 95% Limits of Agreement (LoA) of -6.80dB to 5.80dB. Pattern Deviation (PD) had a bias of -0.58dB with 95% LoA of -5.60dB to 4.40dB. High concordance was found for MD and PD, with ICCs of 0.87 and 0.73. No significant differences were found in false positive and fixation loss rates. Test time was approximately one minute longer for MRF-web compared to SITA-Faster. Area Under the Curve of MRF and HFA are similar indicating comparable diagnostic capacity.ConclusionMRF-web produces outcomes comparable to HFA SITA-Faster. Its portability and cost-effectiveness suggest suitability as an alternative method for visual field testing where a standard perimeter is not easily accessible.
Explainable machine learning model for predicting decline in platelet count after interventional closure in children with patent ductus arteriosus
Authors: Zhang Song-Yue , Zhang Yi-Dong , Li Hao , Wang Qiao-Yu , Ye Qiao-Fang , Wang Xun-Min , Xia Tian-He , He Yue-E , Rong Xing , Wu Ting-Ting , Wu Rong-Zhou 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThis study aimed to apply four machine learning algorithms to develop the optimal model to predict decline in platelet count (DPC) after interventional closure in children with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).MethodsData from children with PDA who underwent successful transcatheter closure at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and Yuying Children's Hospital from January 2016, to December 2022, were collected. The cohort data were split into training and testing sets. DPC following the intervention is defined as a percentage DPC ≥25% [(baseline platelet count−nadir platelet count)/baseline platelet count]. The extra tree algorithm was used for feature selection and four ML algorithms [random forest (RF), adaptive boosting, extreme gradient boosting, and logistic regression] were established. Moreover, SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) to explain the importance of features and the ML models.ResultsThis study included 330 children who underwent successful transcatheter closure of PDA, of which 113 (34.2%) experienced DPC. After 62 clinical features were considered, the extra tree algorithm selected six clinical features to build the ML models. Amongst the four ML algorithms, the RF model achieved the greatest AUC. SHAP analysis revealed that pulmonary artery systolic pressure, size of defect and weight were the top three most important clinical features in the RF model. Furthermore, clinical descriptions of two children with PDA, with accurate predictions, and explanations of the prediction results were provided.ConclusionIn this study, an ML model (RF) capable of predicting post-intervention DPC in children with PDA undergoing transcatheter closure was established.
Network analysis of clinical features in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia
Authors: Li Wei , Zhao Jing , Hu Na , Zhang Wanling 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveThis study compares the clinical features of Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia (TRS) and Non-Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia (NTRS) using network analysis.MethodsWe recruited 511 patients, dividing them into TRS (N = 269) and NTRS (N = 242) groups. Eight scales were used: Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Positive Symptom Assessment Scale (SAPS), Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), Simpson-Angus Scale (SAS), Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale (AIMS), Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS), Calgary Schizophrenia Depression Scale (CDSS), and Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF). Demographic and clinical data were analyzed using T-tests and Chi-square tests. Network analysis was then applied to compare clinical features.ResultsSignificant differences were found in the overall architectures (S = 1.396, p &lt; 0.002) and edge weights (M = 0.289, p &lt; 0.009) of TRS and NTRS networks. Nine edges (p &lt; 0.05) and five nodes (p &lt; 0.01) differed, indicating a correlation between clinical symptoms of the two groups. TRS core symptoms were linked to social functions through both positive (SAPS) and negative symptoms (SANS), while NTRS core symptoms were related to general psychopathological symptoms (PANSS-G).ConclusionFor TRS, it is essential to address both negative and positive symptoms, focusing on the impact of negative symptoms on functioning. Additionally, managing medication side effects is crucial to avoid worsening negative symptoms.
Exploring the mechanism of trait depression and cognitive impairment on the formation of among individuals with methamphetamine use disorder under varying degrees of social support
Authors: Wang Wei , Sun Guangsheng , Li Chen , Qiu Cunxi , Fan Junyi , Jin Yuhan 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundMethamphetamine stands as one of the most widely abused drugs globally. Methamphetamine Use Disorder not only impairs the physical and mental wellbeing of addicts but also elevates their risk of suicide. Despite the high suicide rate among individuals with methamphetamine use disorder, research on their clinical characteristics and suicide risk factors remains scarce. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate the risk factors associated with suicidal ideation in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder.MethodsEmploying Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS), a total of 11,825 individuals with methamphetamine use disorder were selected from April to May 2023 in Guangdong, China. The individuals with methamphetamine use disorder were assessed using the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI), and the detection rate of suicidal ideation among these patients was 23.92%. The Bayesian Mindsponge Framework (BMF) analysis was utilized to examine the risk factors for suicidal ideation among these individuals.ResultsThe result revealed that trait depression and cognitive impairment are positively correlated with suicidal ideation in people, whereas social support has a moderating effect on the relationship between trait depression and cognitive impairment with suicidal ideation.ConclusionSuicidal ideation in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder is influenced by a multitude of factors, including family, society, and stress. Consequently, comprehensive intervention measures are essential to address this issue.
The changing burden of gout in adults aged 70 and above based on the global burden of disease 2019
Authors: Yang Yang , Liu Zhong 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionGout is a significant global health issue, particularly among adults aged 70 and above. Understanding its epidemiological evolution and associated factors is crucial for guiding interventions and improving management.MethodsThis study analyzed data from the Global Burden of Disease study to assess the prevalence and trends of gout among adults aged 70 and above from 1990 to 2019. We evaluated temporal trends and regional disparities by calculating the estimated annual percentage change (EAPCs).ResultsGlobally, the number of older adults individuals affected by gout increased from 5,316,210 cases in 1990 to 15,666,063 cases in 2019. It is noteworthy that the global burden of gout among the older adults continued to rise from 1990 to 2019, with an EAPC of 1.17 (95% CI: 1.02 to 1.32). In 2019, the prevalence rates among individuals aged 70–74, 75–79, 80–84, and 85 and above were 3,121.31 per 100,000, 3,437.17 per 100,000, 3,592.38 per 100,000, and 3,726.91 per 100,000, respectively. The regions with the highest prevalence rates of gout in 2019 were Australasia, High-income North America, and Southern Latin America, with rates of 8,500.73, 8,351.33, and 4,666.87 per 100,000, respectively. At the national level, some developed countries such as New Zealand, the United States of America, and Australia had the highest prevalence rates, reaching 8,893.74, 8,508.06, and 8,427.94 per 100,000, respectively. It is noteworthy that regions with higher levels of Socio-Demographic Index tended to have relatively higher burden of gout among the older adults, and the prevalence rates varied across different regions and age groups.ConclusionThe study underscores the persistent burden of gout among the older adults, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to address this issue and improve public health outcomes in this demographic.