bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NMR Spectra of Organogermanium Compounds. Part XII. 73Ge and 13C NMR Spectra and Molecular Mechanics Calculations of 3-Germabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes and Related Compounds
Authors: Takeuchi Yoshito , Zicmane Ieva , Manuel Georges , Boukherroub Rabah 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
73Ge and 13C NMR spectra of several 3-germabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes (GBCH) were determined. The results are consistent with the structure as predicted by molecular mechanics calculations. Thus, GBCH prefer the boat form as bicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes (BCH) do. GBCH finally assumes the chair form by excessive substitution.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Trans Isomers of a Volatile Compound Isolated from the Elm Bark Beetle “Pteleobius vittatus” via Stereospecific Cyclodehydration Route
Authors: Chikashita Hidenori , Hirao Kiyoharu , Itoh Kazuyoshi 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The stereoselective asymmetric synthesis of two trans isomers of the title natural product, (3R,6R)- and (3S,6S)-tetrahydro-2,2,6-trimethyl-2H-pyran-3-ol, was achieved by starting with easily obtainable ethyl (S)-3-hydroxybutanoate, via the stereospecific asymmetric construction of substituted tetrahydropyran skeletons by the one-step cyclodehydration process of dithioacetal-functionalized chiral 1,5-diols with PPh3 and diethyl azodicarboxylate in THF at room temperature.
Pyrolysis of (2-Phenylethyl)phenylsulfonium Ylides
Authors: Yoshimura Toshiaki , Motoyama Atsushi , Morishige Akiko , Tsukurimichi Eiichi , Shimasaki Choichiro , Hasegawa Kiyoshi 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
In order to obtain information concerning the reaction mechanism of the pyrolysis of sulfonium ylides bearing a substituted phenyl group on the 2-position in the S-ethyl group of ethylphenylsulfonium ylide, (2-phenylethyl)phenylsulfonium bis(methoxycarbonyl)methylide (1) and dicyanomethylide (2) were subjected to pyrolysis in benzene. The reaction rates of 1 and 2 at 140 °C were 6.0- and 3.2-times faster than those of ethylphenylsulfonium bis(methoxycarbonyl)methylide and dicyanomethylide, respectively. The activation parameters for 1 were ΔH‡ = 125 kJ mol−1 and ΔS‡ = −3.8 J K−1 mol−1, while those for 2 were ΔH‡ = 124 kJ mol−1 and ΔS‡ = −2.5 J K−1 mol−1. Substituent effects on the β-phenyl groups in 1 and 2 afforded positive Hammett ρ-values: ρ = 0.49 (γ = 0.997) and ρ = 0.26 (γ = 0.993), respectively.
From the obtained results, it was suggested that the pyrolysis proceeds through essentially a concerted intramolecular cis-elimination inclined toward a slightly carbanion-like type from an E1-like type by introducing a phenyl substituent at the 2-position of the ethyl group in the ethylphenylsulfonium ylide.
Synthesis of Optically Active Lactones and 3-Cyclopentenone from Optically Active 3,3-Dialkyl-4-thianones
Authors: Matsuyama Haruo , Fujii Sana , Nakamura Yoshihiro , Kikuchi Koichi , Ikemoto Isao , Kamigata Nobumasa 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The Optically active 3,3-dialkyl-4-thianones 3 and 4 were prepared in moderate yields with about 90% enantiomeric purity using an asymmetric process involving a Michael-type alkylation of chiral 3-alkyl-4-thianimines with methyl vinyl ketone or methyl acrylate. The diketones 3 were then transformed into new heterocycles 5 by base-induced cyclization. 3-Methyl- and 3-allyl-3-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)-4-thianone ((+)-4a and (+)-4b) were converted into the bicyclic lactones (−)-6 and (−)-7, respectively. The stereochemistry of the sulfone (+)-8 derived from the lactone (−)-6a was determined by a X-ray crystal structure analysis. Desulfurization of the lactone (−)-6b using nickel boride afforded the corresponding lactone (+)-9. A synthesis of optically active 2-alkyl-2-methyl-3-cyclopentenone (S)-(+)-15 via the Ramberg–Bäcklund reaction from the keto ester (R)-(+)-4a was also accomplished.
Syntheses and Reactions of Metal Organics. XVIII. Syntheses of (1H,1H,2H,2H-Polyfluoroalkyl)trimethoxysilanes and Surface Modification of Glass Plate
Authors: Yoshino Norio , Yamamoto Yasushi , Hamano Katsumi , Kawase Tokuzo 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Four silane coupling agents, (1H,1H,2H,2H-polyfluoroalkyl)trimethoxysilanes ((1H,1H,2H,2H-henicosafluorododecyl)trimethoxysilane, C10F21C2H4Si(OCH3)3, (1H,1H,2H,2H-heptadecafluorodecyl)trimethoxysilane, C8F17C2H4Si(OCH3)3, (1H,1H,2H,2H-tridecafluorooctyl)trimethoxysilane, C6F13C2H4Si(OCH3)3, and (1H,1H,2H,2H-nonafluorohexyl)trimethoxysilane, C4F9C2H4Si(OCH3)3), were prepared by the hydrosilylation of trichlorosilane with the corresponding 1H,1H,2H-polyfluoro-1-alkene in the presence of hydrogen hexachloroplatinate(IV), followed by reaction with sodium methoxide. The surface modification of glass plate was attempted using these products. From measurements of the contact angles θ (°) of water and oleic acid against a modified glass plate surface, the coupling agents were found to have high modification ability. The modification produced a glass surface with high oxidation resistance.
α-Alkylation of α,β-Unsaturated Aldehyde Dimethylhydrazones Accompanied with the Double Bond Migration to β,γ
Authors: Yamashita Masakazu , Matsumiya Kaoru , Nakano Ken-ichi 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Lithiated α,β-unsaturated aldehyde N,N-dimethylhydrazones reacted with alkyl halides accompanied by double bond migration to give α-alkylated β,γ-unsaturated aldehyde N,N-dimethylhydrazones in satisfactory yields. This reaction was found to be caused at the first step by deprotonation from a γ-carbon atom by lithium diisopropylamide. In the case of hydrazones with two kinds of γ-protons, deprotonation from the less hindered γ-carbon occurred selectively. Using this reaction, a novel sesquiterpene, 2,5,9-trimethyl-2-vinyl-4,8-decadienal, which has a vinyl group at the α-position, was synthesized in a good yield.
Photochromism of Viologen Hexacyanoferrate(II) Complexes via Intramolecular Electron Transfer
Authors: Nanasawa Masato , Kaneko Makoto , Kamogawa Hiroyoshi 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Viologen metal complexes comprising 2,2′- and 4,4′-bipyridinium hexacyanoferrate(II) were synthesized starting from the corresponding halides by an anion-exchange reaction. The charge-transfer bands appeared in aqueous solutions, whereas radical cation peaks in visible region appeared in solid polymer matrices via a photoinduced electron transfer within the viologen molecule; their absorptions were dependent upon both the kind of bipyridinium dication and the media, such as the solvents and polymer matrices. The reversible redox reaction by photon mode (color development) and by heat mode (bleaching) can be repeated in the absence of atmospheric oxygen.
Intramolecular Photochemistry in β-Turned Dipeptide Bridged Molecules
Authors: Tamiaki Hitoshi , Kiyomori Ayumu , Maruyama Kazuhiro 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Several benzophenone-β-turned dipeptide-alkyl chain molecules were prepared. In acetonitrile, intramolecular photochemical reaction of the synthetic molecules was investigated. The photoexcited benzophenone moiety abstracted selectively a hydrogen of the alkyl chain in the molecule. Such a site selectivity showed that the β-turned conformation might be rigid enough for the hydrogen abstraction in the excited state.
Synthesis and Properties of Bis[oxybis(methylenethio)]tetrathiafulvalene and Its Sulfur Analog: π-Donors for Organic Metals
Authors: Müller Harald , Ueba Yoshinobu 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Bis[oxybis(methylenethio)]tetrathiafulvalene (BOBMT-TTF) and bis[thiobis(methylenethio)]tetrathiafulvalene (BTBMT-TTF) were synthesized in two steps starting from 1,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalene-2,5-dione. The electrochemical and donor properties of both compounds are discussed. BOBMT-TTF forms a highly conducting charge transfer complex with TCNQ (σRT 10 S cm−1).
Synthesis of 3-Cyano-6-hydroxy-5-[2-(perfluoroalkyl)phenylazo]-2-pyridones and Their Application for Dye Diffusion Thermal Transfer Printing
Authors: Matsui Masaki , Joglekar Bharati , Ishigure Yoshinao , Shibata Katsuyoshi , Muramatsu Hiroshige , Murata Yuukichi 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
New fluorine-containing azopyridone dyes, 3-cyano-6-hydroxy-5-[2-(perfluoroalkyl)phenylazo]-2-pyridones, have been synthesized. Though the introduction of a long perfluoroalkyl group lowered film forming ability and sensitivity, 5-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenylazo]- and 5-[2-(perfluorobutyl)phenylazo]-3-cyano-4-methyl-6-hydroxy-2-pyridones showed good photostability.
Polymeric Organosilicon Systems. 16. Synthesis and Photochemical Properties of Poly[(1,2-dimethyl-1,2-diphenyl-1,2-disilanylene)naphthylenes]
Authors: Ohshita Joji , Ohsaki Hiroshi , Ishikawa Mitsuo 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Poly[(1,2-dimethyl-1,2-diphenyl-1,2-disilanylene)-1,4-naphthylene], poly[(1,2-dimethyl-1,2-diphenyl-1,2-disilanylene)-1,5-naphthylene], poly[(1,2-dimethyl-1,2-diphenyl-1,2-disilanylene)-2,6-naphthylene], and poly[(1,2-dimethyl-1,2-diphenyl-1,2-disilanylene)-2,7-naphthylene] were synthesized by the condensation reaction of the corresponding bis(chloromethylphenylsilyl)naphthalenes with sodium. Photochemical properties of these polymers have been reported.
Preparation of a Voluminous Composite Oxide of BaLa2O4 and Its Catalytic Performance for the Oxidative Coupling of Methane
Authors: Yamagata Nobutsugu , Igarashi Kouji , Saitoh Hiroki , Okazaki Susumu 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
A voluminous composite oxide of BaLa2O4 was prepared by kneading powders of Ba(OH)2·8H2O (A) and La(NO3)3·6H2O (B) with a small amount of water, followed by pyrolysis at 1100 °C. The resulting material (apparent volume of ca. 3 cm3 g−1) was found to be effective as a catalyst for the oxidative coupling of methane to ethane and ethylene. The preparative conditions of the voluminous BaLa2O4 catalyst and these effects on the C2 formation were investigated. When reagents A and B were mixed with each other at 33 atom-% Ba and then calcined for 10 min at 1100 °C, the BaLa2O4 composite oxide was most advantageously produced and a high C2 yield of ca. 19% was reproducibly obtained over a non-pressed or voluminous catalyst. The high surface basicity and macro-porous structure of the voluminous BaLa2O4 catalyst, which were responsible for its high C2 yield, are discussed.
Induced Circular Dichroism of a Cationic Porphyrin Bound to α-Helical Poly(l-glutamic acid) and β-Form Poly(S-carboxymethyl-l-cysteine) in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Nezu Takashi , Ikeda Shoichi 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Absorption spectra and circular dichroism (CD) of aqueous solutions of a water-soluble porphyrin derivative, porphine-meso-tetra(4-N-methylpyridinium) tosylate (TMpyP tosylate), have been measured in the presence of poly(l-glutamic acid) or poly(S-carboxymethyl-l-cysteine) at different pH. At neutral and alkaline pH where poly(l-glutamic acid) is randomly coiled, essentially no CD is induced in the Soret region over a wide range of [P]/[D] ratios. At acid pH where poly(l-glutamic acid) is helical, a positive CD band at 415 nm and a stronger negative CD band at 442 nm are induced if [P]/[D] is high, but the induced CD is considerably weak as [P]/[D] is lowered, owing to partial disruption of the helical conformation by densely bound TMpyP ions, and it substantially vanishes at [P]/[D] as low as 1.
While random coil poly(S-carboxymethyl-l-cysteine) does not induce CD in the Soret region of TMpyP, β-form poly(S-carboxymethyl-l-cysteine) induces a weak, positive CD band at 510 nm, accompanied by an extensive weakening of the absorption bands.
Molecular Weight Dependence of the Properties of Chitosan and Chitosan Hydrogel for Use in Sustained-Release Drug
Authors: Kubota Naoji 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Chitosan was treated with NaBO3 under a homogeneous condition in which it was previously dissolved in an aqueous acetic acid solution. Different molecular weight chitosan samples were obtained, depending upon the reaction conditions, NaBO3 concentration, reaction temperature, and reaction time. The performance of chitosan hydrogel for use in a sustained-release drug was investigated while focusing on the swelling properties of chitosan coated on a drug. Theophylline was used as a model drug to be released. Theophylline tablets were coated with respective chitosan samples, and then tested for the drug release rate. Each drug release obeyed zero-order or near zero-order kinetics, due to a reservoir system comprising a saturated theophylline solution and a chitosan hydrogel wall. The release rate of theophylline decreased with increasing the amount of coated chitosan, which affects the permeability of the drug, and increased with decreasing the molecular weight of coated chitosan, which affects the degree of hydration of the gel. A lag time effect was observed when higher molecular weight chitosan was coated. These experimental results were interpreted in terms of the degree of hydration of chitosan hydrogel and Fick’s law of diffusion.
Synthesis and Circular Dichroism Spectra of Sperm Whale Myoglobin-(57—96)-Tetracontapeptide
Authors: Hashimoto Chikao , Muramatsu Ichiro 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
A protected sperm whale myoglobin-(57—96)-tetracontapeptide (29) was synthesized by successive condensations of three fragments, Boc–(70 —76)–OH, Boc–(62—69)–OH, and Boc–(57— 61)–OH, to a partially protected eicosapeptide ester, H–(77—96)– OBzl. After removal of the protecting groups of 29, the crude product was purified with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography to yield sperm whale myoglobin-(57—96)-tetracontapeptide (30). The circular dichroism spectra showed that this peptide was in a random conformation in 0.10 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.50) and in a 69% α-helix conformation in 60% 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol–0.10 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.50).
Corrosion Inhibition of Copper by 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole and Benzotriazole in Low-Conductivity Solutions
Authors: Zhou Guo-ding , Feng Yiqi , Wu Yiping , Notoya Takenori , Ishikawa Tatsuo 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Corrosion inhibition of copper in a low-conductivity medium ( &lt; 10 μS cm−1) containing benzotriazole (BTA) and/or 2-mercatobenzothiazole (MBT) was studied by using the AC impedance technique, Auger electron spectroscopy and corrosion tests. As the MBT concentration increased, the corrosion rate of copper abruptly rose to a peak, rapidly fell, and then finally decreased steadily. The maximum corrosion rate appeared at a MBT concentration of about 0.5 ppm. However, a concentration of more than 1.5 ppm MBT could effectively inhibit copper corrosion. The results from AC impedance measurements agreed with those from corrosion tests. The film resistance could be observed only when the MBT concentration was in excess of 1.5 ppm. A combination of BTA and MBT proved to be more effective than either compound used alone.
Spectroscopic Evidence for the Presence of an Inclusion Structure of Urea in Solution
Authors: Fukushima Kunio , He Hui Cheng 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The FT-IR spectra of a valeric acid–urea–water system and a 1-butanol–urea–water system were measured. By comparing the spectra with those of related systems, an inclusion structure of urea molecules was found to exist in the solution state; the interpretation that the increase in the solubility of valeric acid or 1-butanol into water by the addition of urea is due to the existence of an inclusion structure was verified.
Gel Chromatography of Chlorophyllin (Cu–Na Salt) in Water and in Aqueous Poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) Solution
Authors: Inamura Isamu , Uchida Kazutomo 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Gel chromatography of chlorophyllin (Cu–Na salt) in water was compared with that in aqueous poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) solution. A shoulder at 430 nm in the absorption spectra, which was observed in all fractionated PVP solution system, is due to the monomer of chlorophyllin (Cu–Na salt). PVP tends to suppress aggregation of chlorophyllin (Cu–Na salt).
Synthesis and X-Ray Crystal Structure of 1-[Diphenyl(2-pyridyl)phosphoranylideneamino]-1H-1,3,5,2,4,6-trithia (5-SIV)triazine
Authors: Thomas Colacot J , Bhandary Krishna K , Thomas Leonard M , Senadhi Sobha E , Vijay-Kumar Senadhi 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
A 1 : 2 mole reaction between S4N4 and diphenyl(2-pyridyl)phosphine has given (NC5H4)Ph2P=N–S3N3 in 70% yield. Crystals of (NC5H4)Ph2P=N–S3N3 are monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 11.543(8), b = 13.254(9), c = 13.636(5) Å, β = 104.65(6)°, and Z = 4. The structure is refined to a final R value of 0.057 using 2916 reflections [I &gt; 2σ (I)]. The S3N3 ring is stacked against one of the phenyl rings with an average SN distance of 1.61 Å.
Photochemical Ring Closure of 10,10′-Disubstituted 9,9′(10H,10′H)-Biacridinylidenes Followed by Dehyrogenation
Authors: Yamada Sachiko , Kubo Maki , Fuke Hiromi , Tsubaki Noriko , Maeda Koko 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The photolysis of 10,10′-disubstituted 9,9′(10H,10′H)-biacridinylidenes afforded the corresponding 7,16-dihydrobenzo[1,2,3-kl:6,5,4-k′l′]diacridines. The formation of photocyclized dihydrophenanthrene-type intermediates was confirmed spectroscopically.
Self-Assembly of a Macrocyclic Dinuclear Pd(II)–Phosphine Complex
Authors: Fujita Makoto , Yazaki Jun , Kuramochi Tadao , Ogura Katsuyuki 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Reaction of a diphosphine ligand, bis[4-[2-(diphenylphosphino)ethyl]phenyl] ether (1) with Na2PdCl4 gave a macrocyclic dinuclear complex [PdCl2(μ-1)]2 (2) in a 58% isolated yield. The formation of 2 appears to result from a spontaneous self-assembly process under thermodynamic control, and thus, no special technique such as a high-dilution method was needed.
Electrochemical Oxy-trifluoromethylation of Butyl Acrylate
Authors: Sato Yasuhiro , Watanabe Shunsuke , Uneyama Kenji 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Electrooxidation of trifluoroacetic acid in the presence of butyl acrylate in an MeCN–H2O–i-PrOH–(Pt) system under oxygen-bubbling provided a mixture of butyl 4,4,4-trifluoro-2-oxobutanoate and butyl 4,4,4-trifluoro-2-hydroxybutanoate.
Dehydrooligopeptides. XIV. Convenient Coupling of N-Carboxy-α-dehydroamino Acid Anhydride with Both Amine and Carboxyl Components
Authors: Shin Chung-gi , Honda Seiji , Morooka Katsuhiro , Yonezawa Yasuchika 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
In order to further develop and expand the usefulness of N-carboxy-α-dehydroamino acid anhydride (ΔNCA), the optimum conditions of the acylation of ΔNCA with N-protected α-amino acids (AA) were thoroughly examined. Furthermore, various kinds of AA or dipeptides as a C-component were utilized in the acylation of ΔNCA, followed by condensation with an AA methyl ester as an N-component.
Complexation of Alkyl Glycosides with Cyclic Resorcinol Tetramer in Apolar Organic Media: Geometrical Requirement for the Intracomplex Sugar–Sugar Interaction
Authors: Kikuchi Yasuaki , Toi Hiroo , Aoyama Yasuhiro 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
1H NMR and circular dichroism spectroscopic investigation of the complexation of octyl glycoside derivatives of various monosaccharides as guests with cyclic resorcinol tetramer as host in chloroform indicates that the complexation-responsible intracomplex sugar–sugar interaction is markedly dependent on the stereochemistry of the sugar glycosides.
Salt Effect for Accelerating Charge Separation from 9,10-Dicyanoanthracene–Stilbene Exciplex in Dichloromethane
Authors: Zhang Bao Wen , Kuriyama Yasunao , Cao Yi , Tokumaru Katsumi 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
On irradiation of 9,10-dicyanoanthracene (DCA) in the presence of cis-(CS) and trans-stilbene (TS) in dichloromethane, addition of tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate efficiently accelerated production of the radical cations from CS and TS along with DCA radical anions.
Ester Interchange Reaction Catalyzed by Lanthanoid Tri-2-propoxides
Authors: Okano Tamon , Hayashizaki Yugo , Kiji Jitsuo 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Lanthanoid tri-2-propoxides ([Ln(OPri)3]n Ln = La, Nd, Gd, Yb) are active catalysts for the interchange reaction of the alkoxyl groups between two kinds of esters. The La catalyst is the most active among them, and the activity is higher in nonpolar solvents than in polar ones. The La catalyst is applicable to the ring-opening polymerization of 6-hexanolide.
Optimum Cross-linking Spacer Length of Dimeric Neurokinin B Analogs for Interaction with NK-1 Tachykinin Receptors
Authors: Matsumoto Hiroshi , Shimohigashi Yasuyuki , Takano Yukio , Sakaguchi Kazuyasu , Kamiya Hiro-o , Ohno Motonori 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
A series of dimeric analogs of neurokinin B (NKB) COOH-terminal heptapeptide were synthesized in order to find an optimum length of cross-linking spacer for bivalent interaction with tachykinin receptors. Dimerization was carried out at the NH2-terminus of heptapeptide with succinyl bis[(Gly)n–OH], in which the number of glycine varies from 0 to 4. Dimers D–(Gly)n–NKB4—10, namely succinyl bis[(Gly)n–Asp–Ser–Phe–Val–Gly–Leu–Met–NH2] (n = 0—4), were almost inactive in the assay using rat vas deferens, indicating that they have no interaction with NK-2 receptor subtype. In contrast, these dimers were very active in guinea pig ileum (GPI) containing all of NK-1, 2, and 3 receptors. Relative activity was highest when the cross-linking spacer with oligoglycine of n = 2, and decreased sharply for dimers with shorter and longer chain lengths (n = 0 and 1; 3 and 4). In order to specify receptor subtype (NK-1 or NK-3) in GPI to which dimers bind, dimers were examined under the conditions that NK-1 receptors are desensitized by substance P methyl ester. All dimers exhibited drastically diminished contractile activity, indicating that dimers exclusively interact with NK-1. This was further confirmed by blocking the response of NK-3 receptors with atropine, which had no effect on the contractile activity of dimers. The results suggested that dimers interact bivalently with NK-1 receptors by bridging adjacent two binding sites.
Electrochemical Behavior of Azobenzene-4,4′-disulfonamide at Pyrolytic Graphite Electrode
Authors: Goyal R N , Srivastava Amit Kumar 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The electrochemical reduction of azobenzene-4,4′-disulfonamide (1), an oxidation product of sulfanilamide, has been studied at Pyrolytic graphite electrode, over a wide pH range of 3.0 to 10.6 in the Britton Robinson buffers, by electrochemical and spectroscopic techniques. Under cyclic voltammetric conditions the 2e−, 2H+ reduction of this compound was found to give hydrazobenzene-4,4′-disulfonamide which has been characterised using IR, mp, mass and NMR spectra. Under controlled potential electrolysis, the presence of two electron withdrawing –SO2NH2 groups was found to cause the slow disproportionation [K′ = 3.29 × 10−3 s−1] of the hydrazo compound and sulfanilamide has been found as the major product of reduction. A plausible mechanism for the ECE reduction of 1 is suggested.
Absolute Stereochemistry of Dimethyl 9-(1,1-Dimethyl-2-phenylethyl)-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethenoanthracene-11,12-dicarboxylate Rotamers
Authors: Toyota Shinji , Yamane Hideki , Oki Michinori 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Absolute stereochemistry of the title compounds is determined through X-ray analysis of the 11-(−)-menthyl ester of the corresponding 11-carboxylic acid and its CD spectra are reported. Features of the molecular structure are discussed and revival of a term “absolute conformation” is proposed.
Isomerization of Caryophyllene Oxide Catalyzed by Solid Acids and Bases
Authors: Arata Kazushi , Hayano Kiyoharu , Shirahama Haruhisa 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The reaction of caryophyllene oxide over eleven catalysts of solid acids and bases gave 4,5-dihydrocaryophyllen-5-one (III), (1R, 5S, 8R, 9R)-4,4,8-trimethyltricyclo[6.3.1.01,5]dodeca-2-en-9-o1 (IV), (2S, 5R, 9R)-caryophylla-1(12),8(15)-dien-9-ol (V), (2S, 5R, 9R)-caryophylla-1(12),7-dien-9-ol (VI), and (2S, 5R, 9S)-caryophylla-1(12)-7-dien-9-ol (VII). A large amount of III was formed together with IV over FeSO4 and Zr(SO4)2. Allylic alcohols (V, VI, and VII) were preferentially given by Al2O3–II and TiO2–ZrO2 in &gt;74% selectivity: 96% on TiO2–ZrO2. Other catalysts formed three to five species of the products uniformly.