bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial and demographic predictors of fruit, juice and vegetable consumption among 11–14-year-old Boy Scouts
Authors: Gallaway M Shayne , Jago Russell , Baranowski Tom , Baranowski Janice C , Diamond Pamela M 
Published: August 2007

AbstractObjectivePsychosocial and demographic correlates of fruit, juice and vegetable (FJV) consumption were investigated to guide how to increase FJV intake.DesignHierarchical multiple regression analysis of FJV consumption on demographics and psychosocial variables.SettingHouston, Texas, USA.SubjectsBoys aged 11–14 years (n= 473).ResultsFJV preference and availability were both significant predictors of FJV consumption, controlling for demographics and clustering of Boy Scout troops. Vegetable self-efficacy was associated with vegetable consumption. The interaction of preference by home availability was a significant predictor of FJV. The interaction of self-efficacy by home availability showed a trend towards significantly predicting vegetable consumption. No significant interactions were found between body mass index and the psychosocial variables.ConclusionsFindings suggest that future interventions emphasising an increase in preference, availability and efficacy may increase consumption of FJV in similar populations.
Effects of meat consumption and vegetarian diet on risk of wrist fracture over 25 years in a cohort of peri- and postmenopausal women
Authors: Thorpe Donna L , Knutsen Synnove F , Lawrence Beeson W , Rajaram Sujatha , Fraser Gary E 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBackgroundEvidence suggesting that a diet high in fruits and vegetables may be beneficial to bone health has sparked interest in the potential benefit of a vegetarian diet. However, other studies have raised a question regarding the adequacy of protein in such a diet.ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to take a whole foods approach in examining the effects of foods high in protein on the risk of wrist fracture (WF) in a cohort with a significant proportion consuming a meat-free diet.DesignA cohort study of women who completed two lifestyle surveys 25 years apart.SubjectsOne thousand eight hundred and sixty-five peri- and postmenopausal women at the time of the first survey.ResultsThere was a significant interaction between meat consumption and foods high in vegetable protein. Among vegetarians, those who consumed the least vegetable protein intake were at highest risk for fracture. However, increasing levels of plant-based high-protein foods decreased WF risk, with a 68% reduction in risk (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.13–0.79) in the highest intake group. Among those with lowest vegetable protein consumption, increasing meat intake decreased the risk of WF, with the highest consumption decreasing risk by 80% (HR = 0.20, 95% CI 0.06–0.66).ConclusionsThe finding that higher consumption frequencies of foods rich in protein were associated with reduced WF supports the importance of adequate protein for bone health. The similarity in risk reduction by vegetable protein foods compared with meat intake suggests that adequate protein intake is attainable in a vegetarian diet.
Does interview mode matter for food security measurement? Telephone versus in-person interviews in the Current Population Survey Food Security Supplement
Authors: Nord Mark , Hopwood Heather 
Published: August 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo assess whether interview mode (telephone vs. in-person) affects the results of surveys that measure food security.DesignResponses given by households interviewed by telephone and in-person in recent US Current Population Survey Food Security Supplements (CPS-FSS) were compared. Statistical methods based on the Rasch measurement model were used to assess whether response patterns differed between the two interview modes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was then used to gauge the effect of interview mode on the measured household prevalence rates of food insecurity and very low food security while controlling for income, employment, household structure, and other household characteristics that affect food security.ResultsResponse patterns to the indicators that comprise the food security scale did not differ substantially between interview modes. Prevalence rates of food insecurity and very low food security estimated from the two interview modes differed by only small proportions after accounting for differences in the socio-economic characteristics of households.ConclusionsFindings suggest that effects of interview mode on food security measurement in the CPS-FSS are small, or at most modest. Prevalence estimates may be biased upwards somewhat for households interviewed in-person compared with those interviewed by telephone. The extent to which these results can be generalised may depend, to some extent, on survey characteristics other than interview mode, such as surveyor name recognition and respondents’ trust and confidence in the surveyor.
Congenital myasthenic syndromes: spotlight on genetic defects of neuromuscular transmission
Authors: Müller Juliane S , Mihaylova Violeta , Abicht Angela , Lochmüller Hanns 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a complex structure that efficiently communicates the electrical impulse from the motor neuron to the skeletal muscle to induce muscle contraction. Genetic and autoimmune disorders known to compromise neuromuscular transmission are providing further insights into the complexities of NMJ function. Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMSs) are a genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous group of rare hereditary disorders affecting neuromuscular transmission. The understanding of the molecular basis of the different types of CMSs has evolved rapidly in recent years. Mutations were first identified in the subunits of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR), but now mutations in ten different genes – encoding post-, pre- or synaptic proteins – are known to cause CMSs. Pathogenic mechanisms leading to an impaired neuromuscular transmission modify AChRs or endplate structure or lead to decreased acetylcholine synthesis and release. However, the genetic background of many CMS forms is still unresolved. A precise molecular classification of CMS type is of paramount importance for the diagnosis, counselling and therapy of a patient, as different drugs may be beneficial or deleterious depending on the molecular background of the particular CMS.
Low-Mass Eclipsing Binaries to Refine Barnes-Evans–Like Relations
Authors: Amado Pedro J. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe relation of the surface brightness, a parameter related to the apparent magnitude and the angular diameter of a star, with a colour index is used to determine various stellar parameters. Eclipsing spectroscopic binaries can even be used as a distance indicator. In this work, we use a number of low-mass eclipsing binaries, whose parameters have been accurately determined, to refine the Barnes-Evans–like relation FV − (Ic − K) introduced by Amado et al. (1999), a relation more suitable for the low temperature of these cool stars.
RR Lyrae in M15: Fourier Decomposition and Physical Parameters
Authors: Lugo G. García , Ferro A. Arellano , Rosenzweig Patricia 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe V and R light curves for 30 RR Lyrae stars in M15 were used to calculate their physical parameters. The Blazhko effect, previously reported in V12, was not detected. The determined values of the iron content and distance of the cluster are: [Fe/H] = −1.98 ± 0.24 and d = 8.67 ± 0.41 kpc, respectively. The mean values of the physical parameters determined for the RR Lyrae stars place the cluster precisely into the sequences Oosterhoff type – metallicity and metallicity – effective temperature, valid for globular clusters.
Eta Carinae: an Astrophysical Laboratory
Authors: Gull T.R. , Nielsen K.E. , Corcoran M.F. , Hillier D.J. , Hamaguchi K. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractEta Carinae (ηCar), a Luminous Blue Variable, is a massive binary star system with a 5.54-year spectroscopic period. We present temporal surface plots of selected He I, H I, Fe II and [N II] stellar line profiles measured with HST/STIS sampled from 1998.0 to 2004.3. Our analysis suggests that the profile variations are due to 1) radial velocity variations of the primary star and 2) ionization effects due to the hot companion combined with its wind cavity.
An Optical Search for Dwarf Novae in M22
Authors: Hourihane A.P. , Callanan P.J. , Cool A.M. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe report on the results of our 2004 monitoring program of M22, designed to search for CVs undergoing dwarf nova (DN) eruptions. We wish to compare these globular cluster systems to similar ones in the field and determine if their different formation mechanisms result in different properties. We present a light curve for a CV candidate that went into outburst during May. Data were reduced with the ISIS image subtraction routine. Our ground-based results are consistent with previous HST measurements, and confirm the DN nature of the outburst. We also report on further attempts to apply the ISIS software to look for additional outbursts of this object during 2004 as well as to identify other variable candidates in the core of M22.
Properties of Circumstellar Dust in Symbiotic Miras
Authors: Kotnik-Karuza D. , Jurkic T. , Friedjung M. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe present a study of the properties of circumstellar dust in symbiotic Miras during sufficiently long time intervals of minimal obscuration. The publishedJHKLmagnitudes of o Ceti, RX Pup, KM Vel, V366 Car, V835 Cen, RR Tel and R Aqr have been collected. In order to investigate their long-term variations, we removed the Mira pulsations to correct their light curves. Assuming spherical temperature distribution of the dust in the close neighbourhood of the Mira, the DUSTY code was used to solve the radiative transfer in order to determine the dust temperature and its properties in each particular case.The preliminary results of this systematic study of dust envelopes in symbiotic stars with Miras as cool components provide information on nature of dust in these objects.
Orbits of Post-AGB Stars with Dusty Discs
Authors: Evans T. Lloyd , Van Winckel H. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractOptical photometry and radial velocities have been obtained for stars whose near- and mid-infrared colours suggest that they have dusty circumstellar discs; many are RV Tauri variables. A subset of six stars have earlier spectral types and smaller light amplitudes than classical RV Tauri stars. All are spectroscopic binaries, with surprisingly short periods.
Surface Imaging of Late-Type Contact Binaries II: Hα Emission in AE Phe and YY Eri
Authors: Vilhu O. , Maceroni C. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe present and discuss the Hα (λ = 6563Å) observations of the contact (W UMa type) binaries AE Phoenicis and YY Eridani, obtained in 1989, 1990 and 1995 with the CAT/CES telescope of the Southern European Observatory (ESO). In particular, we compare the intrinsic equivalent widths of both components with the NextGen theoretical models and the saturation limit. We find that the average Hα equivalent widths are close to the saturation border and that the primary components have excess Hα-emission, indicating enhanced chromospheric activity. This is compatible with both theoretical and observational suggestions that the primary is the more magnetically active component and is filled with (mostly unresolvable) dark spots and associated chromospheric plages.
The Orbit of the Visual Binary ADS 8630
Authors: Scardia Marco , Argyle Robert , Prieur Jean-Louis , Pansecchi Luigi , Basso Stefano , Law Nicholas , Mackay Craig 
Published: August 2007

AbstractUsing the 35 speckle measurements performed with PISCO in Merate between 2004 and 2006, and some complementary new astrometric measures, we present a new orbit for the visual binary ADS 8630 = γ Vir. This new series of measurements was essential for constraining the 169 year-period orbit since it covers an arc of 130° in the apparent orbit and includes the periastron passage of 2005.
QPOs in Microquasars: the Spin Problem
Authors: Török Gabriel , Abramowicz Marek A. , Stuchlík Zdeněk , Šrámková Eva 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn Galactic microquasars with double-peak kHz quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs), the ratio of the two frequencies is 3:2. This supports the suggestion that double-peak kHz QPOs are due to a non-linear resonance between two modes of accretion disk oscillations. For the microquasars with known mass, we briefly compare the black hole spin estimates based on the orbital resonance model with the recently reported spin predictions obtained by fitting the spectral continua. Results of these two approaches are not in good agreement. We stress that if the spectral fit estimates are accurate and can be taken as referential (which is still questionable), the disagreement between the predicted and referential values would represent a rather generic problem for any relativistic QPO model, as no spin influence would appear in the observed 1/Mscaling of the QPO frequencies. The epicyclic frequencies relevant in these models are often considered to be equal to those of a test particle motion. However modifications of the frequencies due to disc pressure or other non-geodesic effects may play an important role, and the inaccuracy introduced in the spin estimates by the test particle approximation could be crucial.
An Expanded Bandpass List for Atmospheric Emission in Eclipsing Binary Models
Authors: Hamme Walter Van , Wilson R.E. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractPrograms for modeling binary star observables compute emergent intensity for given composition as it varies with local effective temperature, local gravity, and direction. With arrival of huge data sets from Gaia and other surveys, the benefits of fast, compact, and accurate computation of atmospheric radiation is likely to remain critical for the foreseeable future. Experience has shown that accurate radiative modeling is important for good parameter estimation. Here we augment the radiative treatment by Van Hamme & Wilson (2003) with a procedure by which individuals can generate the needed Legendre coefficients for arbitrary photometric bands. Resulting files can be inserted directly into the Wilson-Devinney (W-D) program without sacrificing portability or program unity, and should easily be adaptable to other binary star programs. We expect the new bandpass options to become part of the public W-D program. Limb-darkening tables will be placed at http://www.fiu.edu/~vanhamme/limdark.htm.
A Potentially Stabilizing Magnetic Effect in Astrophysical Jets
Authors: Viallet M. , Baty H. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe investigate the development of Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities in magnetized jets by means of high-resolution spatial simulations. Our main finding is the existence of a stabilizing mechanism driven by the initial disruption of the jet. This mechanism gives rise to a local amplification of the magnetic field, which in turn leads to an enhanced stability of the jet configuration.
Astronomy for teachers in Mexico
Authors: Fierro Julieta 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn this paper I shall present ways in which professional astronomers in developing nations can aid basic education by using a few things that have been done in Mexico.Recently the compulsory education in Mexico was increased from 6 to 12 years. An optional subject on astronomy was included in high school; so there are several ways in which one can contribute to the national education system.I shall give a practical example on ways to teach and mention the importance of magazines and books dedicated to teachers. I will also address the way we have implemented brief courses for educators and organized conferences for science teachers.It is important to emphasize that we must find ways to train people in a more effective way.
Encounters with Science at ULA, Venezuela: an incentive for learning
Authors: Rosenzweig Patricia , Escalona O. , Guzmán E. , Bocaranda P. , Echeverría R. , Naranjo O. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn the School of Science of the Universidad de Los Andes (ULA), in Mérida, Venezuela, a very successful event focused on elementary and high school students, was founded in 2000. The name of this event is “Encounter with Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, and Biology” (hereinafter “Encounters with Science”), and it integrates these disciplines, as well as Astronomy. Its main purpose is that young minds can become familiar with the methods of science inquiry and reasoning, and can understand the concepts and processes of the sciences through thoroughly prepared experiences.“Encounters with Science” has grown each year in an exponential way. As a matter of fact, in its sixth edition (2005), the number of elementary and high school students coming from all over the country, has reached the outstanding number of approximately nine thousand. Among all the experiences that the students could be engaged in, were many involving Astronomy. These experiences were prepared by professors, together with graduate and undergraduate students, who are pursuing their degrees in all branches of science, including Astronomy. Although there is this incredible team of faculties and graduate and undergraduate students working together; the target is the students of the high and elementary schools. We certainly focus on the engaging and encouraging of students to experience scientific work at first hand.This flourishing program is continuing to grow and to become strong. It has matured in the sense that now our professors have prepared an excellent didactic material that can, together with the hour/class teaching, prepare high school and elementary school students for a better understanding of science; particularly, helping in this way for a better education in Astronomy.The main event of the Encounters lasts five days in the School of Science of ULA, but subsidiary events are spread all over the year and around the country through trips that our faculty members undertake with our students. Thereby, they reach places where students perhaps cannot attend the main event during its celebration. As a successful program, it can be interesting to see if other countries can adopt this method to recruit or to trigger the interest of students to pursue their studies in the Sciences.
Planetario Habana: a cultural centre for science and technology in a developing nation
Authors: Álvarez Oscar 
Published: August 2007

AbstractAstronomical education in Cuba is not widespread in the educational system; nevertheless the public interest in sciences in general but particularly in Astronomy issues is very high, as it has become reflected by the attention paid to educational and scientific program broadcasts in the national television channels. The “Planetario Habana” Cultural Centre for Science and Technology, which is under construction, is aimed at guiding the interest towards basic sciences and astronomical formation of the people, in the most populated and frequented area of the country. A key objective of this project shall be serving as an instructive motivation and entertainment for the casual or habitual visitors to these facilities, offering them the possibility to enjoy vivid representations, play with interactive amusement equipment and listen to instructive presentations on astronomy and related sciences, all guided by qualified specialists.Another fundamental purpose shall be the establishment of a plan for complementary education in coordination with schools, in order to allow children and young people to participate in activities enabling them to get into the fascinating world of Astronomy, Exploration of Outer Space and Life as a Cosmic Phenomenon.The setting up of the Planetario Habana Cultural Centre for Science and Technology is under the general administration of the Office of the Historian of the City of Havana, and methodologically is being led by the Ministry of Science, Technology and the Environment, and will show in operation the GOTO Planetarium G Cuba custom, obtained under a Japanese Cultural Grant Aid. It will develop into a an unparalleled centre in the national environment for scientific outreach and education of these sciences.Surrounded by the attractiveness of the colonial “ambience’, it shall become a centre for dissemination of information about new discoveries and scientific programs developed at national and international level. Here we present a general view of the project, and its present and future development.
The first two years of the Latin-American Journal of Astronomy Education (RELEA)
Authors: Bretones Paulo Sérgio , Jafelice Luiz Carlos , Horvath J.E. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe present and discuss in this work the motivations, goals and strategies adopted for its creation and launch of the e-journal Latin-American Journal of Astronomy Education (RELEA). We identify and present the difficulties encountered for the achievement of the proposed objectives and operational issues in this period, together with the adopted solutions (refereeing procedure, periodicity, etc.).
A new astronomical facility for Peru: transforming a telecommunication's 32-metre antenna into a radio-telescope
Authors: Ishitsuka José , Ishitsuka M. , Kaifu N. , Inoue M. , Tsuboi M. , Ohishi M. , Kondo T. , Koyama Y. , Kasuga T. , Fujisawa K. , Miyazawa K. , Miyoshi M. , Umemoto T. , Bushimata T. , Horiuchi S. , Vidal E. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn 1984 an INTELSAT antenna of 32 m of diameter was constructed at 3 370 metres above the sea level on the Peruvian Andes. At the time Entel Perú the Peruvian tele-communications company managed the antenna station, of almost 12 hectares in extension. In 1993 the government transferred the station to the private telecommunications company Telefónica del Perú. Since transoceanic fiber optics replaced radically satellite communications in 2002, a beautiful 32- metre parabolic antenna was finished its tele-communications mission and become available for other use. So in cooperation with the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan we began coordination to transform the antenna into a radio-telescope.Researches on interstellar medium around Young Stellar Objects (YSO) are possible using methanol maser that emits at 6.7 GHz, so initially we will monitor and survey maser sources at the southern sky. An ambient temperature receiver withTrx= 60 K was developed at Nobeyama Radio Observatory and is ready to be installed. The antenna will be controlled by the Field System FS9 software installed in a PC within a Linux environment. An interface between antenna and PC was developed at Kashima Space Research Center in Japan by Mr E. Vidal.In the near future S-band (2 GHz), X-band (8GHz), 12 GHz and 22 GHz observations are planned.The peculiar position and altitude of the Peruvian Radio Observatory will be useful for VLBI observations with the VLBA for astronomical observation and geodetic measurements. For Peru where few or almost non astronomical observational instruments are available for research, implementation of the first radio observatory is a big step to foster sciences at graduate and postgraduate levels of universities.Worldwide tele-communications antennas recently tend to finish their role as tele-communications antennas. Several of them are transformed into useful observational instruments.