bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of meningioma with reproductive factors
Authors: Lee Eunsuk , Grutsch James , Persky Victoria , Glick Roberta , Mendes Juliana , Davis Faith 
Published: March 2006

AbstractMeningiomas occur more commonly in females. The coincidence between meningioma and breast cancer and case reports of tumor growth during pregnancy support a hormonal hypothesis. A case control study was conducted to investigate this. Female subjects treated between 1987 and 1992 were identified from 3 hospitals in the Chicago area. Female spouses of male back pain patients were recruited as controls. A self‐administered mail questionnaire focused on exogenous, endogenous and other hormonal factors, personal and family medical history as well as radiation exposures. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using crude, stratified and multivariable logistic models including 219 cases and 260 controls. Participation rates were 86% among cases and 75% among controls. An increased odds ratio (OR) was observed comparing African Americans to Caucasians [OR = 2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.0–6.1]. A protective effect was observed for pregnancy, which increased with number and age at first pregnancy. The odds ratio for 3 or more pregnancies compared to none was 0.3 (95% CI = 0.2–0.6). Age at menarche or total period of hormonal activity was not protective. Ever smokers showed a decreased odds ratio for meningioma (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.4–0.9). The increased odds ratios with African Americans was retained in post‐menopausal women, while the protective odds ratios for pregnancy, smoking and oral contraceptives (OCs) became stronger in pre‐menopausal women. The pattern by duration and timing of use does not suggest an etiologic role for OCs or hormone replacement therapy. These data add to the evidence that factors known to influence endogenous hormones (pregnancy and indirectly smoking) may have protective effects for meningiomas primarily in premenopausal women. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Zoledronic acid slows down rat primary chondrosarcoma development, recurrent tumor progression after intralesional curretage and increases overall survival
Authors: Gouin François , Ory Benjamin , Rédini François , Heymann Dominique 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChondrosarcoma is a difficult musculoskeletal tumor to treat. Surgical treatment leads to severe disability, with high rates of local recurrence and life threat. No adjuvant therapy is effective in differentiated chondrosarcomas. Bisphosphonates (BPs) are a class of molecules which is effective in malignant bone diseases. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of zoledronic acid (ZOL) on chondrosarcoma tumor progression. ZOL was tested in vivo (s.c. 100 μg/kg, twice a week) in a rat chondrosarcoma model and in vitro (10−7–10−4 M) on cells derived from this model. Two types of animal models were assessed, the first simulated development after intralesional curettage, the second nonoperative development of the tumor. Cell proliferation, caspase‐1, ‐3 activities and cell cycle analysis were studied. The results revealed that ZOL slows down primary tumor development, tumor progression after intralesional curretage and increases overall survival. ZOL inhibits cell proliferation and increases cell death, with no significant variation of caspase‐1 and ‐3 activities and cell cycle profiles. The present study demonstrates for the first time that in addition to surgery, the therapy of chondrosarcoma with BPs might be beneficial. Because of these first results, new therapeutic approaches of chondrosarcoma must be considered, mainly for low grade chondrosarcoma when disabling operation is planned and when only intralesional resection can be undertaken. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cervical carcinoma and reproductive factors: Collaborative reanalysis of individual data on 16,563 women with cervical carcinoma and 33,542 women without cervical carcinoma from 25 epidemiological studies
Authors:   International Collaboration of Epidemiological Studies of Cervical Cancer
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe International Collaboration of Epidemiological Studies of Cervical Cancer has combined individual data on 11,161 women with invasive carcinoma, 5,402 women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)3/carcinoma in situ and 33,542 women without cervical carcinoma from 25 epidemiological studies. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of cervical carcinoma in relation to number of full‐term pregnancies, and age at first full‐term pregnancy, were calculated conditioning by study, age, lifetime number of sexual partners and age at first sexual intercourse. Number of full‐term pregnancies was associated with a risk of invasive cervical carcinoma. After controlling for age at first full‐term pregnancy, the RR for invasive cervical carcinoma among parous women was 1.76 (95% CI: 1.53–2.02) for ≥≥7 full‐term pregnancies compared with 1–2. For CIN3/carcinoma in situ, no significant trend was found with increasing number of births after controlling for age at first full‐term pregnancy among parous women. Early age at first full‐term pregnancy was also associated with risk of both invasive cervical carcinoma and CIN3/carcinoma in situ. After controlling for number of full‐term pregnancies, the RR for first full‐term pregnancy at age <17 years compared with ≥≥25 years was 1.77 (95% CI: 1.42–2.23) for invasive cervical carcinoma, and 1.78 (95% CI: 1.26–2.51) for CIN3/carcinoma in situ. Results were similar in analyses restricted to high‐risk human papilloma virus (HPV)‐positive cases and controls. No relationship was found between cervical HPV positivity and number of full‐term pregnancies, or age at first full‐term pregnancy among controls. Differences in reproductive habits may have contributed to differences in cervical cancer incidence between developed and developing countries. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
KIF14 mRNA expression is a predictor of grade and outcome in breast cancer
Authors: Corson Timothy W. , Gallie Brenda L. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractGain of chromosome 1q is a hallmark of breast cancer, and likely reflects oncogene amplification. We previously identified mitotic kinesin KIF14 (kinesin family member 14) as an overexpressed candidate oncogene in the 1q31.3–1q32.1 minimal region of genomic gain in breast cancer cell lines. KIF14 also showed high expression in other cancers, notably an association with survival in lung tumors. We now report KIF14 expression in 99 primary breast tumors and 10 normal breast controls. Measured by real‐time RT‐PCR, KIF14 was overexpressed 10‐fold on average in tumors relative to normals (t test p = 0.000054); expression increased with grade (ANOVA p = 0.000006). Infiltrating ductal carcinomas had higher KIF14 levels than lobular (p = 0.017), and estrogen receptor (ER) negative tumors had higher KIF14 levels than ER positive tumors (t test p = 0.030). KIF14 expression correlated positively with Ki‐67 mRNA level (Spearman r = 0.692, p = 0.000001), fraction of positive nodes (r = 0.227, p = 0.024) and percent invasive cells (r = 0.360, p = 0.0002), and negatively with percent fatty stroma (r = −0.258, p = 0.010) and percent normal epithelium (r = −0.291, p = 0.003). KIF14 expression is thus tumor‐specific and increased in more aggressive tumors. Indeed, KIF14 expression predicted overall survival (univariate Cox p = 0.010), with an odds ratio of 3.60 (1.37–9.48), in 50 tumors with available outcome data. KIF14 overexpression also predicted decreased disease‐free survival (log‐rank p = 0.049). These findings are the first evidence of association between expression of a mitotic kinesin and prognostic variables in breast cancer. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms in human N‐acetyltransferase 2 on metabolic activation (O‐acetylation) of heterocyclic amine carcinogens
Authors: Hein David W. , Fretland Adrian J. , Doll Mark A. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractN‐Acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) catalyzes the O‐acetylation of N‐hydroxy heterocyclic amines such as N‐hydroxy‐2‐amino‐3,8‐dimethylimidazo[4,5‐f]quinoxaline (NOHMeIQx) and N‐hydroxy‐2‐amino‐1‐methyl‐6‐phenylimidazo[4,5‐b] pyridine (NOH PhIP) to DNA binding metabolites that initiate mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. NAT2 acetylator phenotype is associated with increased cancer risk. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in the NAT2 coding region. Although the effects of these SNPs on N‐acetyltransferase activity have been reported, very little is known regarding their effects on O‐acetylation activity. To investigate the functional consequences of SNPs in the NAT2 coding region on the O‐acetylation of N‐hydroxy heterocyclic amines, reference NAT2*4 and NAT2 variant alleles possessing one were cloned and expressed in yeast (Schizosaccaromyces pombe). T111C, C282T, C481T, C759T, and A803G (K268R) SNPs did not significantly (p > 0.05) modify O‐acetylation catalysis with NOHPhIP or NOHMeIQx. C190T (R64W), G191A (R64Q), T341C (I114T), A434C (E145P), G590A (R197Q) and A845C (K282T) significantly (p < 0.01) reduced the O‐acetylation of both NOHPhIP and NOHMeIQx, whereas G857A (G286E) significantly (p < 0.05) decreased catalytic activity towards the O‐acetylation of NOHMeIQx but not NOHPhIP. These results have important implications towards the interpretation of molecular epidemiological studies of NAT2 genotype and cancer risk. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Presence of high‐risk human papillomavirus DNA in penile carcinoma predicts favorable outcome in survival
Authors: Lont Anne P. , Kroon Bin K. , Horenblas Simon , Gallee Maarten P.W. , Berkhof Johannes , Meijer Chris J.L.M. , Snijders Peter J.F. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThere is evidence that a subset of penile carcinomas is caused by infection with high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV). However, extensive studies on the possible influence of HPV infection on clinical outcome of penile cancer are lacking. This investigation is aimed to examine the prevalence of high‐risk HPV in a large series of penile squamous‐cell carcinomas (SCCs) and to determine the relationship between HPV and survival. Formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tumor specimens of 171 patients with penile carcinoma were tested for high‐risk HPV DNA presence by GP5+/6+‐PCR. The clinical course of the patients and the histopathological characteristics of the primary tumors were reviewed. High‐risk HPV DNA was detected in 29% of the tumors, with HPV 16 being the predominant type, accounting for 76% of high‐risk HPV containing SCCs. Disease‐specific 5‐year survival in the high‐risk HPV‐negative group and high‐risk HPV‐positive group was 78% and 93%, respectively (log rank test p = 0.03). In multivariate analysis, the HPV status was an independent predictor for disease‐specific mortality (p = 0.01) with a hazard ratio of 0.14 (95% CI: 0.03–0.63). Our results indicate that the presence of high‐risk HPV (29%) confers a survival advantage in patients with penile carcinoma. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pharmacologic transgene control systems for gene therapy
Authors: Weber Wilfried , Fussenegger Martin 
Published: March 2006

AbstractPharmacologic transgene‐expression dosing is considered essential for future gene therapy scenarios. Genetic interventions require precise transcription or translation fine‐tuning of therapeutic transgenes to enable their titration into the therapeutic window, to adapt them to daily changing dosing regimes of the patient, to integrate them seamlessly into the patient's transcriptome orchestra, and to terminate their expression after successful therapy. In recent years, decisive progress has been achieved in designing high‐precision trigger‐inducible mammalian transgene control modalities responsive to clinically licensed and inert heterologous molecules or to endogenous physiologic signals. Availability of a portfolio of compatible transcription control systems has enabled assembly of higher‐order control circuitries providing simultaneous or independent control of several transgenes and the design of (semi‐)synthetic gene networks, which emulate digital expression switches, regulatory transcription cascades, epigenetic expression imprinting, and cellular transcription memories. This review provides an overview of cutting‐edge developments in transgene control systems, of the design of synthetic gene networks, and of the delivery of such systems for the prototype treatment of prominent human disease phenotypes. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Accelerating MR elastography: A multiecho phase‐contrast gradient‐echo sequence
Authors: Maderwald Stefan , Uffmann Kai , Galbán Craig. J. , de Greiff Armin , Ladd Mark E. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractPurposeTo demonstrate the feasibility of using a multiecho phase‐contrast (PC) gradient‐echo sequence with motion‐sensitizing gradient (MSG) to accelerate MR elastography (MRE) acquisitions in comparison to single‐echo PC sequences.Materials and MethodsThe sequence was implemented and compared with a conventional single‐echo sequence as the standard of reference in both agarose phantoms and in vivo in the biceps of three healthy volunteers. For reconstruction of the elasticity modulus, a local frequency estimation (LFE) algorithm was used. ETL factors of 1–16 were evaluated.ResultsPhantom experiments demonstrated excellent consistency between single‐echo and multiecho measurements in terms of wave equivalency, SNR, and reconstructed shear modulus. Additionally, the in vivo MRE examinations showed an excellent correspondence to the single‐echo results. Minor loss of wave amplitude was observed at higher ETL factors.ConclusionThe results demonstrate that a multiecho sequence is suitable for accelerating MRE in nearly homogeneous tissue, such as muscle. It provides equivalent elasticity values in a significantly reduced scan time compared to a single‐echo sequence. The maximum achievable ETL factor must be individually determined for the target tissue. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Extended harmonic phase tracking of myocardial motion: Improved coverage of myocardium and its effect on strain results
Authors: Tecelão Sandra R.R. , Zwanenburg Jaco J.M. , Kuijer Joost P.A. , Marcus J. Tim 
Published: March 2006

AbstractPurposeTo extend the harmonic phase (HARP) tracking method in order to track the myocardial tissue that appears near the epicardial contour during systole and reappears near the endocardial contour during diastole, due to the longitudinal motion and conical shape of the heart.Materials and MethodsA mathematical model of myocardial deformation was used to quantify the accuracy of the extended HARP tracking and of the strain computation. For six healthy volunteers, the number of tracked points and the two‐dimensional strain components were computed with the extended and with the original HARP tracking version.ResultsHigh accuracy was obtained for the circumferential strain (maximum error is 0.5% relative to analytical strain). The extended version tracked 22 ± 7%, 51 ± 19%, and 67 ± 20% more points than the original version on the basal, mid, and apical slices, respectively (P ≤ 0.001 for each slice), and yielded a decreased circumferential shortening (relative decrease: 2 ± 4%, 9 ± 4%, and 12 ± 5% for the three slices; P < 0.005 for mid and apex), at end systole. These differences in circumferential strain were related to the more complete coverage of the myocardial wall with tracked points.ConclusionThe extended HARP tracking also provides strain values from myocardial regions that were not covered by the original HARP tracking. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Organic fertilizers derived from plant materials Part I: Turnover in soil at low and moderate temperatures
Authors: Müller Torsten , von Fragstein und Niemsdorff Peter 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe aim was to investigate different organic fertilizers derived from plant materials with respect to their nitrogen and carbon turnover in soil in comparison with organic fertilizers derived from animal‐waste products. In a 64‐day incubation study at 5°C and 15°C, the following fertilizers were used: coarse faba bean–seed meal (Vicia faba L.), coarse meals of yellow and white lupin seeds (Lupinus albus L. and Lupinus luteus L.), Phytoperls® (waste products of maize [Zea mays L.] processing), coarse meal of castor cake (Ricinus communis L.) as a widely used organic fertilizer, and horn meal as a reference fertilizer‐derived from animal waste products. At 15°C, horn meal showed the highest apparent net N mineralization of fertilizer‐derived N, followed by castor cake and the two lupin meals. At 5°C, apparent net N mineralization of fertilizer‐derived N from horn meal and coarse meal of yellow lupin seeds was nearly identical, followed by castor‐cake meal. Net N mineralization from legume‐seed meals showed no or even a negative temperature response, at least temporarily. In contrast, the other fertilizers showed a positive temperature response of net N mineralization. The content in recalcitrant structural components and the decoupling of decomposition of N‐rich and C‐rich tissue components in time are discussed as controlling factors of fertilizer‐N turnover at low temperature. Microbial residues seem to be an important temporary sink of fertilizer‐derived C and N. Legume‐seed meals induced considerable N‐priming effects. Temperature induced differences in the decomposition of total fertilizer C, indicated by changes in the sum of cumulative CO2‐C evolution, total K2SO4‐soluble organic C and microbial‐biomass C were much smaller than indicated by cumulative CO2‐C evolution alone. Our results indicate that legume‐seed meals have the potential to replace horn meal and castor‐cake meal in organic vegetable production, especially when soil temperatures in early spring are still low.
Organic fertilizers derived from plant materials Part II: Turnover in field trials
Authors: Müller Torsten , von Fragstein und Niemsdorff Peter 
Published: March 2006

AbstractOur aim was to investigate two different organic fertilizers derived from plant materials (OFDP) with respect to their nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) turnover in field trials planted with small radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. sativus) and white cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. convar. capitata var. alba) or fallow. The two fertilizers investigated were coarse seed meal of yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) and coarse meal of castor cake (Ricinus communis L.). Under cool spring conditions, the soil turnover of yellow lupin–seed meal was slightly enhanced compared to castor‐cake meal. During the vegetation period of the vegetables, N added with both fertilizers was metabolized more or less completely by soil microorganisms. Due to similar efficiencies of the fertilizers tested, no significant difference could be found in the N uptake of plants. From this point of view, yellow lupin–seed meal, which can be produced by farmers themselves, has the potential to replace the widely used castor‐cake meal. Considerable amounts of N may remain in the field after fertilization with OFDPs either as mineral N or as easily mineralizable organic N. This N should be utilized immediately by a succeeding crop to avoid leaching losses.
Phosphate‐solubilizing potential of the nematophagous fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora
Authors: Duponnois Robin , Kisa Marija , Plenchette Christian 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe nematophagous fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora was tested in vitro and in vivo for its ability to solubilize rock phosphate. Three types of rock phosphate (RP) from Burkina Faso (KRP), Senegal (TRP), and Mali (TIRP) were used at four concentrations for the in‐vitro experiment. All three types of RP were solubilized by the fungus. The maximum quantity of P recovered in solution was obtained with TRP, 12.5% for an application of 1 g L–1. The effect of TRP and A. oligospora applied separately or in combination was tested in vivo on the growth of A. holosericea. In a P‐deficient soil without addition of RP, P solubilization was increased by addition of A. oligospora. The P uptake by plants growing in soil amended with TRP and inoculated with A. oligospora was significantly higher compared to noninoculated controls, thus demonstrating the ability of the fungus to solubilize additional phosphate from RP in vivo.
Effects of phosphate supply and elevated CO2 on root acid phosphatase activity in Pinus densiflora seedlings
Authors: Norisada Mariko , Motoshige Tetsuya , Kojima Katsumi , Tange Takeshi 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe exudation of root acid phosphatase (APase) is a plant response mechanism to phosphorus (P) deficiency. Under conditions of elevated CO2, P demand increases and possibly further enhances APase activity. We examined the activity of APase in 1‐year‐old ectomycorrhizal Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. seedlings grown in potted sand in the greenhouse under ambient (400 μmol mol–1) and elevated (700 μmol mol–1) CO2 with three modes of P supply: inorganic (NaH2PO4; Pin), organic (inositol hexaphosphate dodecasodium salt; Porg), and no phosphate (P0) for 78 d. Phosphorus limitations decreased P content in leaves and roots with lowest P content in P0 treatments, irrespective of CO2 conditions. However, P limitations decreased plant biomass at elevated CO2 levels, but not at ambient CO2 levels. The content in leaves of nutrients other than P was mostly unaffected by P supply, but decreased under elevated CO2. This observation was attributed to starch accumulation in leaves at elevated CO2, especially in the P0 treatment. The photosynthetic activity (expressed per unit of chlorophyll) was unaffected by P supply, but tended to be less at elevated CO2. There was no increase in root APase activity of Pinus densifolia in response to the P shortage caused by elevated CO2.
Exogenous succinate increases resistance of maize plants to copper stress
Authors: Doncheva Snejana , Stoyanova Zlatimira , Georgieva Katya , Nedeva Dimitrina , Dikova Rumyana , Zehirov Grigor , Nikolova Ana 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe effect of copper (Cu) excess (1.5, 4.7, 31, 78, 156 μM) and exogenously supplied succinate on plant growth, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, and isoenzym profiles of some antioxidant enzymes in maize plants was studied. Excessive Cu supply led to a reduction in the relative growth rate (RGR), tolerance index (TI), chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents, and the quantum yield of PSII electron transport in the light‐adapted state (ΦPSII). Copper treatment induced several changes in the anionic and cationic peroxidases (PODs), as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoenzyme profiles. After 8 d of 78 μM–Cu treatment, two new anionic and two new cationic peroxidase isoenzymes in the roots were registered. Copper applied at concentrations above 31 μM resulted in higher levels of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn‐SOD) in the roots and Cu,Zn‐superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn‐SOD) in the leaves. However, the addition of Na‐succinate (200 μM) to the root medium prior to Cu treatment increased the capacity of the plants to partially overcome Cu toxicity.