bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of anxiety and pain in patients undergoing immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery or unilateral cataract surgery
Authors: Hong Suji , Shin Hyemi , Kim Woojin , Kim Dong Hyun , Eom Young-sub , Song Jong Suk 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare preoperative anxiety and intraoperative pain between the first and second cataract surgeries in patients who underwent immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS). This retrospective study was conducted between June 20, 2023, and September 20, 2023, at Korea University Guro Hospital. A total of 170 cataract surgeries was included, and 130 eyes underwent ISBCS. Clinical records, including patients’ intraoperative pain score (visual analog scale [VAS] for pain, 1–10 points) and patients’ preoperative anxiety score (VAS for anxiety (VASA), 1–10 points), were investigated. Also, correlations between clinical factors and pain scores were analyzed. The pain score did not significantly differ between the first and second surgeries in ISBCS patients (2.51 ± 1.16 vs. 2.43 ± 1.36 points) (P = 0.692). However, the anxiety score recorded before the second eye surgery was significantly lower compared to that recorded before the first eye surgery. (3.32 ± 1.68 vs. 2.31 ± 1.29 points) (P < 0.001). Among the clinical factors, only the anxiety score was significantly correlated with the pain score (P = 0.013). We suggest ISBCS may serve as a beneficial strategy for a better surgery experience, reducing patients’ anxiety during surgery.
Causal relationship between serum uric acid and cardiovascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: zhang yu jun , Lian Qiufang , Nie Yanwu , Zhao Wei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Observational studies have established an association between serum uric acid and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, these studies are susceptible to uncontrolled confounders and reverse causality bias, leading to ambiguity in the causal relationship. To overcome these challenges, our study employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach to investigate the causal link between serum uric acid and CVD. The data on serum uric acid and seven cardiovascular diseases are sourced from the IEU Open GWAS database. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses employed inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted model methods. Sensitivity analyses, including Cochrane's Q test, MR-Egger intercept, MR-PRESSO, and the leave-one-out approach, were conducted to assess result reliability. IVW analysis revealed that a genetic predisposition to elevated serum uric acid levels significantly increases the risk of CVD, with higher odds ratios (ORs) observed for CAD (OR: 1.227; 95% CI: 1.107-1.360, P=0.0002), hypertension (OR: 1.318, 95%CI: 1.184-1.466, P=2.13E-06), MI (OR: 1.184, 95%CI: 1.108-1.266, P=2.13E-06), HF (OR: 1.158, 95%CI: 1.066–1.258, P=2.13E-06), AF (OR: 1.298, 95%CI: 1.125-1.497, P=0.0005), angina (OR: 1.150, 95%CI: 1.074-1.231, P=0.0002) and CHD (OR: 1.170, 95%CI: 1.072-1.276, P=0.0005). Sensitivity analyses detected no pleiotropy and heterogeneity (P>0.05). This Mendelian randomization study robustly demonstrates a significant causal relationship between genetically elevated serum uric acid and various cardiovascular diseases, suggesting that higher levels may enhance the risk of cardiovascular events. Consequently, patients with elevated uric acid levels warrant early and aggressive interventions to mitigate cardiovascular risks.
The Contemporary Management and Coronary Angioplasty Outcomes in Young Patients with ST- Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) age &lt; 40 years old: The Insight from Nation-wide Registry
Authors: Porapakkham Pornwalee , Porapakkham Pramote , Srimahach Suphot , Limpijankit Thosaphol , Kiatchoosakun Songsak , Chandavimol Mann , Kanoksilp Anek , Chantadansuwan Thamarath , Thakkinstian Ammarin , Sansanayudh Nakarin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains one of the major causes of death around the world in which ST elevation MI (STEMI) is in the lead. Although the mortality rate from STEMI seems to decline, this result might not be demonstrated in young adults who basically have different baseline characteristics and outcomes compared with older patients.
Methods
Data of the STEMI patients aged 18 years or older who underwent PCI during May 2018 to August 2019 from Thai PCI Registry, a prospective, multi-center, nationwide study, was included and aimed to investigate the predisposing factors and short-term outcomes of patients aged < 40 years compared with age 41–60, and > 61 years.
Results
Data of 5,479 STEMI patients were collected. The patients’ mean age was 62.6 (SD = 12.6) years, and 73.6% were males. There were 204, 2,154, and 3,121 patients in the youngest, middle, and oldest groups. The young patients were mainly male gender (89.2% vs 82.4% and 66.6%; p < 0.001), were current smokers (70.6%, 57.7%, 34.1%; p < 0.001), had BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 more frequently (60.8%, 44.1%, 26.1%; p < 0.001), and had greater family history of premature CAD (6.9%, 7.2%, 2.9%; p < 0.001). The diseased vessel in the young STEMI patients was more often single vessel disease with the highest percentage of proximal LAD stenosis involvement. Interestingly, there were trends of higher events of cardioversion/defibrillation, procedural failure, procedural complications, and prolonged median hospital stay in both youngest and oldest groups compared to the middle-aged group. In-hospital death was found in 3.4% in the youngest group compared to 3.3% in the middle-aged patients and 9.2% in the older patients (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
STEMI in young patients is not uncommon nowadays. Although the mortality rate of PCI in real-world practice was low, young patients had a trend of having higher procedural failure and complications of PCI when compared with middle-aged group. Their major modifiable factors were smoking and obesity.; Therefore, encouraging young people to quit smoking and control weight might be essential to prevent STEMI in the young.
Nuclear mechano-confinement induces geometry-dependent HP1α condensate alterations
Authors: Progida Cinzia , Hovet Oda , Nahali Negar , Halaburkova Andrea , Paulsen Jonas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Cells sense external physical cues through complex processes involving signaling pathways, cytoskeletal dynamics, and transcriptional regulation to coordinate a cellular response. A key emerging principle underlying such mechanoresponses is the interplay between nuclear morphology, chromatin organization, and the dynamic behavior of nuclear bodies such as HP1α condensates. Here, applying super-resolution live cell imaging, we report a hitherto undescribed level of mechanoresponse triggered by cell confinement below their resting nuclear diameter, which elicits changes in the number, size and dynamics of HP1α nuclear condensates. Utilizing biophysical polymer models, we find that HP1α condensates become radially redistributed in the nucleus, dependent on the combined effect of HP1α's crosslinking activity and nuclear flattening. These insights shed new light on the complex relationship between external forces and changes in nuclear shape and chromatin organization in cell mechanoreception.
FAM134B alleviates cisplatin-induced spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) damage by mediating ER-phagy
Authors: Wang Fan , Xu Yue , Wang Yajie , Liu Jisheng , Li Yanan , Zhang Weiwei , Nong Huiming , Zhang Junhong , Zhao Hao , Yang Huaqian , Guo Lingchuan , Li Jianfeng , Li Hong , Yang Qianqian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Aims
FAM134B, the first endoplasmic reticulum autophagy (ER-phagy) receptor identified, regulates certain ER-phagy-related processes. The present study was designed to determine whether FAM134B is expressed in cochlear spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) of C57BL /6 mice and, if so, to explore the underlying mechanisms of FAM134B in cisplatin-induced SGNs damage in vitro.
Methods
SGNs were treated with 30 µm cisplatin for 24 h. The expression of FAM134B, morphological changes of SGNs, and the colocalization of endoplasmic reticulum segments and lysosomes were measured by immunofluorescence. Apoptosis was measured by TUNEL staining. The expression of FAM134B, phosphorylated-inositol-requiring endoribonuclease 1α (P-IRE1α), LC3B, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, and caspase-12 was detected by western blot. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were evaluated by MitoSOX and 2',7'-D chlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) probe.
Results
We found that FAM134B expressed in the cytoplasm of SGNs, especially in the fourth postnatal day mice. Cisplatin resulted in a decrease in the number of SGNs and FAM134B expression, as well as increases in ROS levels, ER stress, ER-phagy, and apoptosis. Interestingly, we observed an increase in FAM134B expression, ER stress, and apoptosis when autophagy was inhibited, while, the opposite changes were observed when autophagy was activated. Additionally, co-treatment with the ROS scavenger, N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC), alleviated ER stress, ER-phagy, and apoptosis, but increased FAM134B expression.
Conclusions
The present study provides the first evidence of FAM134B expression in the SGNs. Importantly, FAM134B possesses the protective effect against cisplatin ototoxicity in SGNs by mediating ER-phagy, thereby providing new therapeutic targets and directions for sensorineural hearing loss.
Toward precise force control of soft hand grasping: The viscoelastic parameter estimation of pseudo-soft-rigid-model
by applying logarithmic decrement method
Authors: Zhang Haiyun , Heung Kelvin , Deshpande Ashish , Naquila Gabrielle , Hingwe Ashwin , Patki Parth 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The rapid advancement in physical human-robot interaction (HRI) has propelled the growth of soft robot design and, in parallel, soft robot controllers. Controlling soft robots is complex due to their wide range of movements, prompting the use of simplified model-based controllers to provide sufficient information for real-time high dynamic response control performance. However, most modeling techniques face computational efficiency and complexity of parameter identification issues and are hard to apply to real-time controls. To alleviate this, we employ a coupled analytical modeling approach based on Pseudo-Rigid Body Modeling and the Logarithmic Decrement Method for parameter estimation (PRBM+LDM). Using a soft robot hand test bed, we demonstrate the accuracy of PRBM+LDM to model position and force output as a function of pressure input and benchmark its performance. We, then, apply the PRBM+LDM model as a basis for a closed-loop position controller and compare its performance against a simple PID controller. Furthermore, we apply the PRBM+LDM model as a closed-loop force controller and compare its performance with simple constant pressure grasping control by performing small contact areas pinching tasks on low-weight, small objects - a screwdriver, a potato chip, and a brass coin. The PRBM+LDM-based position controller (Average Max. Error across all fingers: 4.37°) outperformed the simple PID position controller (Average Max. Error across all fingers: 20.38°). Furthermore, the PRBM+LDM-based force controller (Potato chip: 86%, Screwdriver: 74.42%, Brass coin: 64.75%) achieved a higher success rate than the constant pressure grasping control (Potato chip: 82.5%, Screwdriver: 70%, Brass coin: 35%) in the pinching tasks. We conclude that the PRBM+LDM modeling technique proves to be a convenient and efficient way to model the dynamic behavior of soft actuators closely and can be used to build high-precision position and force controllers. In application, it realizes stable, flexible grasping of small objects by exerting precise contact force on contact areas.
Cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS): A family with five affected sibs from Turkey
Authors: Gokcay Figen , Baskan Gulcan Nesem , Sahbaz Irmak , Koc Muge Kovancılar , Basak A. Nazlı , Celebisoy Nese 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS) is one of the more common causes of late-onset progressive ataxia. The genetic background was disclosed by the identification of biallelic pentanucleotide AAGGG repeat expansion in intron 2 of the replication factor complex subunit 1 (RFC1) gene.
Case presentation:
In this article, the first molecularly confirmed Turkish family with CANVAS with five affected siblings has been described. The family comprised seven siblings born from healthy non-consanguineous parents. CANVAS phenotype was present in five of them. Chronic cough was present in all and it was the first symptom followed by sensory symptoms, oscillopsia and imbalance. Clinical head-impulse test (HIT) was positive in all and video-HIT performed on three patients revealed very low vestibulo-ocular reflex gains bilaterally. Magnetic resonance imaging and nerve conduction studies revealed cerebellar atrophy and sensory neuronopathy. The RP-PCR confirmed the homozygous presence of the AAGGG repeat expansion in the index case and his four affected sibs.
Conclusion
Genetic screening for CANVAS should be considered in all patients with late-onset ataxia, when sensory disturbances and vestibular involvement has been detected especially in the presence of chronic cough.
A Chinese patient with cardiogenic stroke and warfarin resistance: A case report
Authors: Du Xiaoyan , Zhang Peng , Hu Linhai , Chen Qiu , Cheng Shuang , Qiu Xinyu , Zhao Libo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Warfarin is the most commonly used oral anticoagulant drug in clinical practice due to its effective anticoagulant effect and low cost. Warfarin plays a crucial role in the anticoagulant treatment of patients with thrombotic diseases such as atrial fibrillation, heart valve replacement, and deep vein thrombosis. In general, low-dose warfarin can effectively achieve the optimal international normalized ratio (INR) for patients requiring anticoagulation therapy. In some cases, patients may require significantly higher doses of warfarin to achieve an INR in the desired range; failure to achieve this is commonly referred to as warfarin resistance. We report a rare case of cerebral infarction caused by atrial fibrillation and warfarin resistance in China.
Case presentation
A Chinese patient with atrial fibrillation complicated by cerebral infarction had been taking warfarin for 2 years, and the dose was gradually increased to 12.5 mg per day; however, the INR remained below the standard. The patient was considered to be resistant to warfarin. The cause of warfarin resistance in this patient is unknown, but we speculate that pharmacodynamic and genetic factors may be involved. Finally, we chose to replace warfarin with rivaroxaban to avoid the risk of bleeding at high doses. To date, there has been no bleeding or infarcts since the patient was discharged. In cases where the cause of warfarin resistance cannot be determined, alternative drugs may be more appropriate.
Conclusions
When considering warfarin resistance, it is important to actively search for the cause of resistance early on. If the cause is determined, appropriate measures should be taken. If the cause is not determined or cannot be resolved, the dose can be gradually increased under close monitoring, alternatives can be actively adopted, and patients can be informed and educated.
An ACS-Stacking Prediction Model Based on Interpretable Machine Learning
Authors: Wang Gaiqin , Liu Jingyi , Wang Xiaoyun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is an important disease threatening human health, and the rapid differential diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction still requires further studies.
Purpose: This study aims to establish an interpretable machine learning (ML) model and perform visual and interpretable analysis to the prediction results using SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanation). Then significant correlation indicators are determined to assist clinicians in providing rapid and effective identification for ACS patients.
Method: This study involves the clinical data of 813 patients from the Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital , which is described by 24 predictor variables in relation to demography/comorbidity characteristics and in-hospital complications. Taking the binary variables of “Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) and Unstable Angina (UA)” as target variables, we have trained and evaluated the performance of seven ML models in this study and fused Adaboost, Xgboost and Randomforest with better performance in the test set into the best interpretable Stacking fusion model (named as: ACS-Stacking prediction model).
Results: The ACS fusion prediction model achieves an AUC value of 0.96562 in the test set and an accuracy of 89% under 10-fold cross-validation. This study interprets the model using SHAP. Among the related continuous variables, neutrophil and admission heart rate have a positive effect on the mode while LVEF, BMI, systolic pressure and diastolic pressure have a negative effect on the model. However, age is not significantly correlated with target variables. For the classified variables, the patients with smoking history are predisposed to myocardial infarction; sex and history of hypertension are not significantly correlated with target variables.
Conclusion: This study shows that the interpretable ACS-Stacking prediction model has a good differential prediction effect on myocardial infarction and angina pectoris, and the Summary Plot shows the specific effect of ten significant correlation indicators on the output of the model. This conclusion helps clinicians to rapidly identify ACS patients in clinical diagnosis based on the model prediction result, model visualization and clinical experience.
Exploring the effects of selenite treatment on pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) seedlings by physiology and transcriptome analysis
Authors: wang yong , Sun Shouru , Wang Longyu , Mushtaq Naveed , Zhang Tao , Li Yanman , Wang Jingwen , Yang Luming , Zhu Lei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Pumpkin is widely used as a functional food for people and rootstock for other Cucurbitaceae crops. Se-enriched pumpkin can be used as an important Se source for humans. However, the boundary between beneficial and phytotoxic levels of Se is narrow. Here, effects of selenite with different concentrations (2–80 μM) on pumpkin growth and Se accumulation in pumpkin seedlings were explored. Our results revealed that Se accumulations in both shoots and roots of C. moschata were closely related to selenite doses. Selenite seemed to have no positive effects on C. moschata growth. The root activity increased at 2–20 μM of selenite, but significantly decreased at higher doses. High concentrations of selenite (above 40 μM) resulted in serious O2•– accumulation, growth inhibiting and even symptoms of toxicity, which could be alleviated by melatonin. Transcriptome analysis revealed that a series of defense mechanisms, including Ca2+ signaling, ET and JA signaling, antioxidant defense systems, MAPK cascade, proteostasis protection, could be activated in roots of C. moschata in response to 40 μM selenite. Additionally, we identified some important genes probably involved in Se absorption and conversion in C. moschata, such as PHT, SULTR, APS, APK, APR, SiR, GR, and CS genes. These results may help our understanding of the physiological and molecular mechanisms of Se accumulation and tolerance to Se toxicity in C. moschata, which may provide genetic resources and a theoretical basis for the breeding and cultivation of Se-rich pumpkin or rootstocks.
The determinants of patient perceptions of integrated care: Evidence from tightly-knit county medical community in China
Authors: Cao Hengkui , YIN Gang , Bao Xinyu , Tao HongBing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Integrated care services have been initiated in China for several years, yet there remains a notable dearth of substantial evidence and research elucidating the service’s efficacy. This study assesses the efficacy of integrated care services, particularly from the patients’ vantage point. We aim to identify the key influencing factors and pathways, providing invaluable insights into integrated service. Additionally, we aspire to delineate strategies for enhancing healthcare delivery systems’ quality, efficiency, and continuity.
Methods
The Patient Perceptions of Integrated Care (PPIC) and European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions-5 Levels (EQ-5D-5L) scales were employed to gather information on patients’ perceptions of integrated care and their self-rated health status. A total of 1093 respondents from two pilot areas were selected for data collection. T-tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were, additionally, the study utilized multiple linear regression models to examine the specific impact of various factors on the effectiveness of integrated care services.
Results
The average score for the effectiveness of integrated healthcare services from the patients’ perspective was 67.72 (SD = 14.443), indicating a discrepancy between patient expectations and the actual delivery of care. The individual health status and socioeconomic factors significantly influence patients’ perceptions. As individual health status (B = -0.073, P = 0.024) declines, so does the perception of service effectiveness. Furthermore, health intervention factors, including intervention duration (B = 3.244, P < 0.001) and frequency (B = 5.346, p < 0.001), had a pronounced impact on patients with elevated health demands. Notably, age (B = 1.298, P = 0.009), marital status (B = 1.623, p = 0.002), and occupational category (B = -7.546, P = 0.002), also exert a nuanced influence on patients’ perceptions of integrated services.
Conclusions
This study identified a significant disparity between patients’ perceptions and expectations of integrated services, underscoring the imperative of patient-centered care in integrating services, and emphasizing the need for personalized health services tailored to individual needs. Furthermore, priority should be given to residents with chronic diseases or comorbidities. Additionally, there is a call for establishing more robust communication and management mechanisms to foster collaboration among healthcare teams.
Numerical analysis of the influence of side slot and fin heights in a hypervapotron channel on heat transfer
Authors: Kim Iljin , Kang In-Yeop , Lee Gubin , Kim Hyungdae 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Hypervapotron is a water-cooled device which relies on internal fins and boiling heat transfer to sustain ultra-high heat flux in the range of 10–30 MW/m2 from thermonuclear fusion reactor. This study investigates the design optimization of hypervapotron cooling channels using multiphase computational fluid dynamic simulation. With focus on geometric variations in fin heights and side slots installed to the cooling channel, their effects on the cooling performance and internal flow pattern of these channels were evaluated. The obtained results revealed that the incorporation of side slots significantly enhances cooling performance by promoting bidirectional fluid inflow and optimizing heat dissipation. It was also found that adjusting fin heights significantly contributes to improved thermal management by ensuring smoother liquid ingress and effective heat exchange. This work establishes a link between design variations and cooling performance, providing insights and guidelines for advanced engineering of hypervapotron systems.