bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photocurable extracellular matrix sealant for cessation of venous hemorrhage
Authors: Schepers Luke E. , Martindale Brooke L. , Berman Alycia G. , Cebull Hannah L. , Van Alstine William , Hollingshead Sydney E. , Novak Tyler , Goergen Craig J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHemorrhage is the second leading cause of death in patients under 46 years of age in the United States. Cessation of hemorrhage prevents hemorrhagic shock and tissue hypoxia. Controlling the bleed via direct pressure or tourniquet is often the first line of defense, but long‐term care requires staples, hemostatic agents, or sealants that seal the vessel and restore blood flow. Here, we compare a new photocurable extracellular matrix sealant (pcECM) with low, medium, and high crosslink density formulations to a commercially available fibrin‐based sealant, TISSEEL®. pcECM has potential uses in surgical and remote settings due to room temperature storage conditions and fast preparation time. Here, we determine if pcECM sealant can stop venous hemorrhage in a murine model, adhere to the wound site in vivo throughout the wound‐healing process, and has the mechanical properties necessary for stopping hemorrhage. Adjusting pcECM crosslinking density significantly affected viscosity, swelling, burst strength, tensile strength, and elasticity of the sealant. 3‐Dimensional ultrasound volume segmentations showed pcECM degrades to 17 ± 8% of its initial implant volume by day 28. Initially, local hemodynamic changes were observed, but returned close to baseline levels by day 28. Acute inflammation was observed near the puncture site in pcECM implanted mice, and we observed inflammatory markers at the 14‐day explant for both sealants. pcECM and fibrin sealant successfully sealed the vessel in all cases, and consistently degraded over 14–28 days. pcECM is a durable sealant with tunable mechanical properties and possible uses in hemorrhage control and other surgical procedures.
Improving osseointegration and antimicrobial properties of titanium implants with black phosphorus nanosheets‐hydroxyapatite composite coatings for vascularized bone regeneration
Authors: Ma Shilong , Sun Ruize , Wang Yuhui , Wei Yan , Xu Haofeng , Liu Xuanyu , Liang Ziwei , Zhao Liqin , Hu Yinchun , Lian Xiaojie , Guo Meiqing , Huang Di 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFor decades, titanium implants have shown impressive advantages in bone repair. However, the preparation of implants with excellent antimicrobial properties as well as better osseointegration ability remains difficult for clinical application. In this study, black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) were doped into hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings using electrophoretic deposition. The coatings' surface morphology, roughness, water contact angle, photothermal properties, and antibacterial properties were investigated. The BP/HA coating exhibited a surface roughness of 59.1 nm, providing an ideal substrate for cell attachment and growth. The water contact angle on the BP/HA coating was measured to be approximately 8.55°, indicating its hydrophilic nature. The BPNSs demonstrated efficient photothermal conversion, with a temperature increase of 42.2°C under laser irradiation. The BP/HA composite coating exhibited a significant reduction in bacterial growth, with inhibition rates of 95.6% and 96.1% against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In addition, the cytocompatibility of the composite coating was evaluated by cell adhesion, CCK8 and AM/PI staining; the effect of the composite coating in promoting angiogenesis was assessed by scratch assay, transwell assay, and protein blotting; and the osteoinductivity of the composite coating was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase assay, alizarin red staining, and Western blot. The results showed that the BP/HA composite coating exhibited superior performance in promoting biological functions such as cell proliferation and adhesion, antibacterial activity, osteogenic differentiation, and angiogenesis, and had potential applications in vascularized bone regeneration.
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Firsocostat, an Acetyl‐Coenzyme A Carboxylase Inhibitor, in Participants with Mild, Moderate, and Severe Hepatic Impairment
Authors: Younis Islam R. , Nelson Cara , Weber Elijah J. , Qin Ann R. , Watkins Timothy R. , Othman Ahmed A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFirsocostat is an oral, liver‐targeted inhibitor of acetyl‐coenzyme A carboxylase in development for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis. Hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides play a significant role in the disposition of firsocostat with minimal contributions from uridine diphospho‐glucuronosyltransferase and cytochrome P450 3A enzymes. This phase 1 study evaluated the pharmacokinetics and safety of firsocostat in participants with mild, moderate, or severe hepatic impairment. Participants with stable mild, moderate, or severe hepatic impairment (Child–Pugh A, B, or C, respectively [n = 10 per cohort]) and healthy matched controls with normal hepatic function (n = 10 per cohort) received a single oral dose of firsocostat (20 mg for mild and moderate hepatic impairment; 5 mg for severe hepatic impairment) with intensive pharmacokinetic sampling over 96 h. Safety was monitored throughout the study. Firsocostat plasma exposure (AUCinf) was 83%, 8.7‐fold, and 30‐fold higher in participants with mild, moderate, and severe hepatic impairment, respectively, relative to matched controls. Firsocostat was generally well tolerated, and all reported adverse events were mild in nature. Dose adjustment is not necessary for the administration of firsocostat in patients with mild hepatic impairment. However, based on the observed increases in firsocostat exposure, dose adjustment should be considered for patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment, and additional safety and efficacy data from future clinical trials will further inform dose adjustment.
Discovery of novel heterocyclic derivatives containing oxadiazolone or pyrimidinone cores as DPP‐4 inhibitors
Authors: Feitosa Sidney Gustavo Diniz , Lins Ilária Martina Silva , Maciel Larissa Gonçalves , dos Anjos Janaína Versiani 
Published: March 2024

AbstractType 2 diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by insulin resistance and alterations in incretin secretion, such as the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) hormone. GLP‐1 plays a crucial role in signaling insulin production in the pancreas, with its activity regulated by the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP‐4) enzyme. DPP‐4 presents an intriguing strategy for controlling type 2 diabetes. This study focuses on synthesizing 22 novel oxadiazolone and pyrimidinone derivatives, in vitro DPP‐4 inhibition, and elucidating binding modes through molecular docking simulations. Nine compounds showed promising inhibitory activity, with IC50 values ranging from 0.3 to 1.86 mM. Molecular docking simulations revealed interactions between these compounds and critical residues in the enzyme's active site, such as Arg125, Glu206, Ser630, and His740. This investigation introduces a new class of DPP‐4 inhibitors, providing insights into the design of more potent molecules as potential candidates for combating type 2 diabetes. The findings contribute to developing innovative therapeutics for managing this prevalent metabolic disorder.
Assessment of model projections of climate‐change induced extreme storms on the south‐east coast of Australia
Authors: Zhu Wenjun , Wang Xiao Hua , Peirson William , Salcedo‐Castro Julio 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGeneral circulation models (GCMs) and their downscaled regional‐scale equivalents have been important tools for climate‐change studies. However, there has been limited assessment of the performance of GCMs and downscaled models in simulating extreme storms in temperate coastal environments. This study assesses the model characterization of extreme storms on the heavily populated coast of south‐east Australia. Twenty‐year average recurrence interval (ARI) storm intensities derived from generalized extreme value (GEV) distributions based on observed and large‐scale atmospheric model data are compared. Changes in extreme storms from past climate to a high‐emission future scenario are also investigated. Simulations of storm minimum surface pressures compared favourably with measured data. Both the GCMs and downscaled models reproduced the observed decrease with increasing latitude along the coast in the 20 year ARI of minimum surface pressure. Both indicated that the minimum storm surface pressure should change negligibly in a high‐emission future. Although the models underestimated the maximum daily precipitation significantly, models are improving significantly with CMIP epoch and downscaling. In the high‐emission future scenario, the GCMs and NARCliM projected the 20 year ARI maximum daily precipitation would increase in the order of 25%. GCMs and the corresponding downscaled products presently do not represent the extreme value distributions of historical wind speed data well, overestimating at smaller values of ARI and significantly underestimating in larger values of ARI. Significant changes in the magnitude of the 20 year ARI maximum daily‐average onshore wind speed are not projected for the high‐emission future.
Distraction osteogenesis in combined sequential use of external fixation and nailing (lengthening and then nailing): An experimental study in rabbits
Authors: Shchepkina Elena A. , Solomin Leonid N. , Lebedkov Ivan V. , Netylko Georgy I. , Anisimova Larisa O. , Sheridan Gerard A. , Robert Rozbruch S. , Trushnikov Vladislav V. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLimb lengthening relies on the process of distraction osteogenesis. The active periosteal bone formation has been detected in clinical practice with a lengthening and then nail (LATN) technique but has not been confirmed by experimental studies to date. The aim of this study is to compare the tissue regeneration of the distraction regenerate during tibial lengthening in rabbits using a LATN technique. This study was performed on 54 mature rabbits of the Soviet Chinchilla breed, which were divided into three groups of 18 animals. In group 1 (control), the tibia was lengthened in an external fixator. In group 2, the LATN technique was modeled and in group 3, lengthening over nail (LON) was modeled. The total duration of the experiment was 45 days. On the 10th, 15th, 20th, 30th, and 45th day X‐ray, computed tomography and morphological studies were performed. In the experimental groups (2 and 3), a more pronounced periosteal bone formation in the area of regenerate was noted when compared to group 1. In group 2 (LATN), wide cortical plates were formed from the intermediate and periosteal areas. In this group, the maximum densitometric density values were noted. Endosteal bone formation was preserved in all groups. The LON and LATN techniques, when compared with the classical Ilizarov lengthening, do not demonstrate any deficiency in the tissue regeneration of the bone tissue at the regenerate sites. The most powerful bone structures are formed with the sequential use of the external fixation and nailing (LATN).
Nutrition considerations for patients with persistent critical illness: A narrative review
Authors: Viner Smith Elizabeth , Lambell Kate , Tatucu‐Babet Oana A. , Ridley Emma , Chapple Lee‐anne 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCritically ill patients experience high rates of malnutrition and significant muscle loss during their intensive care unit (ICU) admission, impacting recovery. Nutrition is likely to play an important role in mitigating the development and progression of malnutrition and muscle loss observed in ICU, yet definitive clinical trials of nutrition interventions in ICU have failed to show benefit. As improvements in the quality of medical care mean that sicker patients are able to survive the initial insult, combined with an aging and increasingly comorbid population, it is anticipated that ICU length of stay will continue to increase. This review aims to discuss nutrition considerations unique to critically ill patients who have persistent critical illness, defined as an ICU stay of >10 days. A discussion of nutrition concepts relevant to patients with persistent critical illness will include energy and protein metabolism, prescription, and delivery; monitoring of nutrition at the bedside; and the role of the healthcare team in optimizing nutrition support.
Tailored chitosan integration in diatomaceous earth particles as a scaffold for fructosyltransferase immobilization in fructo‐oligosaccharide production
Authors: Zhao Zishen , Xiao Ziqun , Jiang Bo , Chen Jingjing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDFructo‐oligosaccharide (FOS) belongs to the group of short inulin‐type fructans and is one of the most important non‐digestible bifid‐oligosaccharides capable of biotransforming sucrose using fructosyltransferase (FTase). However, there are no immobilized FTase products that can be successfully used industrially. In this study, diatomite was subjected to extrusion, sintering and granulation to form diatomaceous earth particles that were further modified via chitosan aminomethylation for modification. FTase derived from Aspergillus oryzae was successfully immobilized on the modified support via covalent binding.RESULTSThe immobilized enzyme activity was 503 IU g−1 at an enzyme concentration of 0.6 mg mL−1, immobilization pH of 7.0 and contact time of 3 h. Additionally, the immobilization yield was 56.91%. Notably, the immobilized enzyme was more stable under acidic conditions. Moreover, the half‐life of the immobilized enzyme was 20.80 and 10.96 times as long as that of the free enzyme at 45 and 60 °C, respectively. The results show good reusability, as evidenced by the 84.77% retention of original enzyme activity after eight cycles. Additionally, the column transit time of the substrate was 35.56 min when the immobilized enzyme was applied in a packed‐bed reactor. Furthermore, a consistently high FOS production yield of 60.68% was achieved and maintained over the 15‐day monitoring period.CONCLUSIONSOur results suggest that immobilized FTase is a viable candidate for continuous FOS production on an industrial scale. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Preparation and characterization of zein–caseinate–pectin complex nanoparticles for encapsulation of curcumin: pectin extracted by high‐speed shearing from passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) peel
Authors: Li Xiefei , Lin Yupeng , Huang Yumeng , Li Xin , An Fengping , Song Hongbo , Huang Qun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDPectin extracted by high‐speed shearing from passion fruit peel (HSSP) is a potentially excellent wall material for encapsulating curcumin, which has multiple advantages over pectin prepared by heated water extraction. HSSP was used to fabricate complex nanoparticles of zein–sodium caseinate–pectin for encapsulation of curcumin in this study. The influence of heating on the physicochemical properties of the composite nanoparticles was also investigated, as well as the effect of composite nanoparticles on the encapsulation efficiency, antioxidant activity and release characteristics of curcumin.RESULTSThe nanoparticles were formed through electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions between the proteins and HSSP. A temperature of 50 °C was more favorable for generating compact and small‐sized nanoparticles, which could effectively improve the encapsulation efficiency and functional properties. Moreover, compared to other pectin used in the study, the nanoparticles prepared with HSSP showed the best functionality with a particle size of 234.28 ± 0.85 nm, encapsulation rate of 90.22 ± 0.54%, free radical scavenging rate of 78.97% and strongest protective capacity in simulated gastric fluid and intestinal release effect.CONCLUSIONZein–sodium caseinate–HSSP is effective for encapsulating and delivering hydrophobic bioactive substances such as curcumin, which has potential applications in the functional food and pharmaceutical industries. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Computer‐Aided Diagnosis of Maxillary Sinus Anomalies: Validation and Clinical Correlation
Authors: Bhattacharya Debayan , Becker Benjamin Tobias , Behrendt Finn , Beyersdorff Dirk , Petersen Elina , Petersen Marvin , Cheng Bastian , Eggert Dennis , Betz Christian , Schlaefer Alexander , Hoffmann Anna Sophie 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveComputer aided diagnostics (CAD) systems can automate the differentiation of maxillary sinus (MS) with and without opacification, simplifying the typically laborious process and aiding in clinical insight discovery within large cohorts.MethodsThis study uses Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS) a large, prospective, long‐term, population‐based cohort study of participants between 45 and 74 years of age. We develop a CAD system using an ensemble of 3D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to analyze cranial MRIs, distinguishing MS with opacifications (polyps, cysts, mucosal thickening) from MS without opacifications. The system is used to find correlations of participants with and without MS opacifications with clinical data (smoking, alcohol, BMI, asthma, bronchitis, sex, age, leukocyte count, C‐reactive protein, allergies).ResultsThe evaluation metrics of CAD system (Area Under Receiver Operator Characteristic: 0.95, sensitivity: 0.85, specificity: 0.90) demonstrated the effectiveness of our approach. MS with opacification group exhibited higher alcohol consumption, higher BMI, higher incidence of intrinsic asthma and extrinsic asthma. Male sex had higher prevalence of MS opacifications. Participants with MS opacifications had higher incidence of hay fever and house dust allergy but lower incidence of bee/wasp venom allergy.ConclusionThe study demonstrates a 3D CNN's ability to distinguish MS with and without opacifications, improving automated diagnosis and aiding in correlating clinical data in population studies.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:3927–3934, 2024
Pain control is comparable between opioid versus non‐opioid management after otolaryngology procedures
Authors: Sarathy Ashwini , An Clemens , Bever Ty , Callas Peter , Fujii Mayo H. , Sajisevi Mirabelle 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe current study aims to measure patient‐reported satisfaction with pain control using opioid and non‐opioid medications after undergoing the following otolaryngology procedures: parathyroidectomy, thyroid lobectomy, total thyroidectomy, and bilateral tonsillectomy.Materials and MethodsA prospective cohort study was performed at an academic medical center that included a telephone questionnaire and chart review. Opioid prescriptions, usage, and patient‐reported pain outcomes were recorded. Bivariate analyses were used to compare opioid and non‐opioid users.ResultsOf the 107 total patients undergoing otolaryngology procedures included in the study, 49 (45.8%) used an opioid for pain management postoperatively and 58 (54.2%) did not. Among the 81 patients who underwent endocrine procedures (parathyroidectomy, total thyroidectomy/lobectomy), most patients reported being “very satisfied” or “satisfied” with pain control whether they used opioids (n = 27/30, 90%) or not (n = 50/51, 98%). Of the 26 patients who underwent bilateral tonsillectomy, 19 (73%) were prescribed opioids and among these, most (n = 17/19, 89%) reported they were “very satisfied” or “satisfied” with pain control. In the non‐opioid usage group, all patients (n = 7/7, 100%) reported they were “satisfied” with pain control. There was no statistically significant difference in patient‐reported satisfaction with pain control between opioid and non‐opioid users for any of the procedures listed.ConclusionThe results of our study suggest that patients who did not use opioids have a similar level of satisfaction with pain control compared to those using opioids after thyroid, parathyroid and tonsillectomy surgeries. Considering the magnitude of the opioid crisis, providers should reassess the need for opioid prescriptions following certain ENT procedures.Level of EvidenceIV.
Acute myeloid leukemia: An unusual manifestation of the trachea
Authors: Celidonio Joseph , Bahethi Rohini , Malhotra Raj , Yan Kenneth 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjective(s)Hematologic malignancy involving the trachea is rare. It is even less common for tracheal involvement to be the initial manifestation of this disease. We present a case report highlighting an unusual diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that first presented with prominent tracheal manifestations. There have been only three other published case reports of extramedullary AML with involvement of the trachea.MethodsWe discuss direct laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy findings, including pinkish‐white irregular lesions, which were similar to findings described in the available literature for tracheal AML.ResultsLaboratory findings from our case are reported, including peripheral smear demonstrating 57% blasts and bone marrow biopsy confirming the diagnosis of AML, and the relevance of these findings is discussed.ConclusionIn patients with unusual airway lesions, laboratory testing and a comprehensive airway evaluation including biopsy are necessary to narrow the differential diagnosis.Level of Evidence5.
Financing and ordering decisions in a risk‐averse dual‐channel supply chain: Interactive impacts of revenue sharing rate and dividend proportion
Authors: Zhen Zhiyuan , Jiang Lan , Yu Yue 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe paper studies a dual‐channel supply chain in which the capital‐constrained retailer operating the reselling channel is risk‐averse, whereas both the supplier and the platform operating the direct retail channel exhibit risk‐neutral. The traditional retailer chooses supplier financing (SF), platform investment (PI), or non‐financing (NF) to meet uncertain demand. Examining three scenarios using CVaR, we find financing equilibrium determined by interactive impacts of dividend proportion and revenue sharing rate. Adjusting the latter achieves Pareto improvement among supply chain members, explaining why platforms invest in traditional retailers. Extending the model introduces a portfolio financing approach, combining SF and PI.