bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skin contact with gold and gold alloys
Authors: Rapson W. S. 
Published: April 2006

3 types of reaction to gold merit discussion. First, there is the effect known us black dermographism, in which stroking with certain metals immediately produces well‐defined black lines on the skin. Some gold alloys art amongst such metals. The evidence indicates that the effect is the result of impregnation of the skin with black metallic particles generated by mechanical abrasion of the metals by contaminants of the skin. There is no positive and unequivocal evidence of the ability of metals lo mark uncontaminated skin so rapidly that it is possible to write upon it.Secondly there are the 2 related phenomena of the wear of gold jewellery, and the susceptibility to certain individuals to blackening of the skin where it is in contact with such jewellery. The occurrence of smudge, as it is often called, is not very common, but is brought to the attention of most jewellers from time to lime. In extreme cases it may make it embarrassing for She person concerned to wear metallic; jewellery. It would appear as if gold smudge also results mainly from mechanical abrasion of jewellery, though this may be aided and/or supplemented in some instances by corrosion of gold or gold alloy induced by certain components of I he sweat.Finally, there is the question of true allergic responses to contact of the skin with gold and us alloys. Judging from the very few cases which have been recorded, such responses arc extremely rare. Some recent observations on the reactions of metallic gold with amino acids, und of reaction lo contact of the skin with gold on the part of rheumatoid arthritis patients undergoing gold therapy, are, however, relevant in this connection.
The phototoxic and allergenic potential of EDS liquids
Authors: McKee Richard H. , Maibach Howard J. 
Published: April 2006

Liquid fuels derived by direct coal liquefaction may be similar in boiling range and chemical Composition to final tar products. In the past, phototoxicity. an occupational skin disorder, has been associated with coal distillation. Consequently, the phototoxic properties of 5 materials representing the full boiling range of liquids derived from the EDS process were characterized utilizing a guinea pig model. Results with low boiling, coal derived liquids (< 200°C) were not different from unirradiated controls; however. liquids boiling above 200°C induced phototoxic effects. These results suggest that high boiling EDS liquids may possess phototoxic potential Differences in the phototoxic activities of liquids of similar boiling range may be related to chemical composition.A study of the allergenic potential of the EDS liquids described above was conducted utilizing the guinea pig maximization test. None of the lest materials produced positive responses, suggesting that EDS liquids are; low in allergenic potential.
Atopy, occupation and domestic work as risk factors for hand eczema in hospital workers
Authors: Nilsson Eskil , Mikaelsson Bo , Andersson Sture 
Published: April 2006

By means of a multivariate regression analysis, we have studied the importance of atopy, “wet” and “dry” occupations, and domestic work as risk factors for hand eczema. Hand eczema was identified by questionnaire. The studied cohort consisted of 2452 newly employed hospital workers with a median follow‐up lime of 20 months. Of the total cohort studied. 86% were female. The total occurrence of hand eczema in the 4 occupational groups studied were: nursing staff 41% kitchen workers/cleaners 37%, office workers 25% and caretakers craftsmen 17%.A topic dermatitis increased the odds of developing hand eczema by 3 times in wet as well as in dry work. Subjects with atopic dermatitis developed a more severe hand eczema than subjects with atopic mucosal symptoms and non‐atopics. Wet hospital work increased the odds by a factor of 2 compared to dry office work. 2 anamnestically available parameters of domestic work, namely “nursing of children, younger than 4 years” and “absence of dish‐washing machine” were found to significantly increase the risk of developing hand eczema. Wet work in combination with unfavourable domestic factors increased the odds by a factor of 4. The caretakers/craftsmen group, which was dominated by men, showed the lowest figure for hand eczema.
The repeated open application test (ROAT)
Authors: Hannuksela Matti , Salo Heikki 
Published: April 2006

Repeated open application tests (ROATs) were performed with common ingredients of vehicles in 86 patients with contact dermatitis. The substances were applied twice daily for 7 days to the flexor aspect of the forearm near the cubital fossa, unless dermatitis appeared earlier. Of the patients with a questionable (?+) patch test result, 44% were positive in ROATs. The corresponding figure was 80% in the patients with B positive (+ or ++) response in the patch lest, when the results of ROAT with propylene glycol were excluded. Only 5 of 14 patients reacting lo 30% or to 10% propylene glycol but not in 15 in water in patch testing, showed a positive result to a cream containing 5% propylene glycol in ROAT. All 5 patients with a positive patch test reaction to 1% propylene glycol reacted to 5% propylene glycol in ROAT.The results suggest that ROATs should be performed more often, especially in patients in whom little known or new allergens are suspected as being the cause of allergic contact dermatitis.
Contact urticaria and rhinitis from latex surgical gloves
Authors: Carrillo T. , Cuevas M. , Muñoz T. , Hinojosa M. , Moneo I. 
Published: April 2006

Latex used in the manufacture of surgical gloves should be included in a list of allergens. It is found in the tree Hevea braziliensis.For approximately the last year, minutes after using surgical gloves a female doctor had severe pruritus followed by a rash and angio‐oedema of the contact areas. During the last 4 months, on opening the glove‐bag, she experienced severe rhinitis and respiratory distress. The symptoms ceased in 1 h Standard patch tests and with substances used in the manufacture of rubber were negative.Prick tests with glove and natural latex were strongly positive. The presence of specific IgE against natural latex was demonstrated by means of a histamine release asssay as well as by immunoenzymatic methods. The antigen seems to have MW higher than 30,000 d and is trypsin‐sensitive. These facts that the allergen could be a protein present in the “crude natural latex”.
Contact dermatitis from Grevillea‘Robyn Gordon’
Authors: Menz Jennifer , Rossi Ric , Taylor Wal C. , Wall Leon 
Published: April 2006

Grevillea‘Robyn Gordon’is an Australian hybrid plant which may cause allergic contact dermatitis. Over the past 8 years, in bag been planted extensively in Australia and is now being exported to the United Slates mid other Western countries. Recently, fin explosion in incidence of contact dermatitis due to this plant has been seen. 24 patients who were suspected of being sensitive to it were patch tested to fresh plant and extracts with confirmation of sensitivity.A cross sensitivity to Toxicodendron was demonstrated clinically and on patch testing. The allergen in Toxicodendron, 3 pentadecylcatechol, is closely linked in chemical structure to 5‐penladecylresorcinol. present in Grevillea banksii and tridecylresorcinol in Grevillea robusta. Patch letting in patients sensitive to Grevillea‘Robyn Gordon’with tridecylresorcinol produced positive reactions, thus implicating the sensitizing role of long chain alkyl resorcinols in Grevillea‘Robyn Gordon’allergy. There is a likelihood that (his sensitizing potential extends to other plants of the Grevillea genus, e.g. Grevillea robusta.With the spread of Grevillea‘Robyn Gordon’to other markets, this problem will become increasingly common.
Contact dermatitis in printing tradesmen
Authors: Nethrcott James R. , Nosal Robert 
Published: April 2006

During a 2‐year period in Toronto, Canada, 21 printing tradesmen with contact dermatitis were evaluated. 67% had allergic contact dermatitis; 29% due to ultraviolet‐Cured ink components Irritant contact dermatitis accounted for 37% of the cases. The prognosis in printing tradesmen with contact dermatitis is guarded, except for those wish allergic contact dermatitis due to UV‐cured components, as the tradesmen who were sensitized to other contactants eventually left the trade. Offset lithography was associated with the problem in 18 of the 21 eases.A brief outline is given of the printing processes in common use.
Differentiation of allergic and irritant reactions by transepidermal water loss
Authors: Serup Jørgen , Staberg Bent 
Published: April 2006

12 patients with known allergy to nickel were patch tested with nickel sulphate, nickel chloride, and sodium lauryl sulphate 1, 2, 5 and 10%. 2 parallel series were performed, i.e., one with 24‐h and one with 48‐h application time. Reactions were followed by measurement of transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Allergic reactions showed a normal TEWL after 24‐h application, and after 48 h. only strong reactions resulted in increased TEWL. In contrast, irritant reactions showed increased TEWL in both series, irrespective of the strength of the reaction.The deficient water barrier of allergic reactions is secondary, probably resulting from the underlying inflammatory process. Consequently, if TEWL measurements are used for the purpose of differentiating allergic and irritant skin reactions, a short application period, i.e., in this study 24 h, is preferable, with recordings performed shortly after removal of test chambers.
Contact dermatitis to Hirudoid® cream
Authors: Pecegueiro M. , Brandão M. , Pinto J. , Conçalo S. 
Published: April 2006

31 patients allergic to Hirudoid® cream were patch tested with the ingredients. 29 were allergic to the cream base and 16 to one or more components. The most common allergens were myristyl alcohol, cetostearyl alcohol and parabens.14 patients reacted only to the base. The results are discussed.
Inhibition of Phosphotyrosine Phosphatase 1B Causes Resistance in BCR-ABL-Positive Leukemia Cells to the ABL Kinase Inhibitor STI571
Authors: Koyama Noriko , Koschmieder Steffen , Tyagi Sandhya , Portero-Robles Ignacio , Chromic Jörg , Myloch Silke , Nürnberger Heike , Rossmanith Tanja , Hofmann Wolf-Karsten , Hoelzer Dieter , Ottmann Oliver Gerhard 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a negative regulator of BCR-ABL-mediated transformation in vitro and in vivo. To investigate whether PTP1B modulates the biological effects of the abl kinase inhibitor STI571 in BCR-ABL-positive cells, we transfected Philadelphia chromosome–positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia cell-derived K562 cells with either wild-type PTP1B (K562/PTP1B), a substrate-trapping dominant-negative mutant PTP1B (K562/D181A), or empty vector (K562/mock). Cells were cultured with or without STI571 and analyzed for its effects on proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In both K562/mock and K562/PTP1B cells, 0.25 to 1 μmol/L STI571 induced dose-dependent growth arrest and apoptosis, as measured by a decrease of cell proliferation and an increase of Annexin V-positive cells and/or of cells in the sub-G1 apoptotic phase. Western blot analysis showed increased protein levels of activated caspase-3 and caspase-8 and induction of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Low concentrations of STI571 promoted erythroid differentiation of these cells. Conversely, K562/D181A cells displayed significantly lower PTP1B-specific tyrosine phosphatase activity and were significantly less sensitive to STI571-induced growth arrest, apoptosis, and erythroid differentiation. Pharmacologic inhibition of PTP1B activity in wild-type K562 cells, using bis(N,N-dimethylhydroxamido)hydroxooxovanadate, attenuated STI571-induced apoptosis. Lastly, comparison of the STI571-sensitive Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line SupB15 with a STI571-resistant subline revealed significantly decreased PTP1B activity and enhanced BCR-ABL phosphorylation in the STI571-resistant SupB15 cells. In conclusion, functional PTP1B is involved in STI571-induced growth and cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and differentiation, and attenuation of PTP1B function may contribute to resistance towards STI571.
Altered Nuclear Receptor Corepressor Expression Attenuates Vitamin D Receptor Signaling in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Banwell Claire M. , MacCartney Donia P. , Guy Michelle , Miles Alice E. , Uskokovic Milan R. , Mansi Janine , Stewart Paul M. , O'Neill Laura P. , Turner Bryan M. , Colston Kay W. , Campbell Moray J. 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Purpose: We hypothesized that deregulated corepressor actions, with associated histone deacetylation activity, epigenetically suppressed vitamin D receptor (VDR) responsiveness and drives resistance towards 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.
Experimental Design: Profiling, transcriptional, and proliferation assays were undertaken in 1α,25(OH)2D3-sensitive MCF-12A nonmalignant breast epithelial cells, a panel of breast cancer cell lines, and a cohort of primary breast cancer tumors (n = 21).
Results: Elevated NCoR1 mRNA levels correlated with suppressed regulation of VDR target genes and the ability of cells to undergo arrest in G1 of the cell cycle. A similar increased ratio of corepressor mRNA to VDR occurred in matched primary tumor and normal cells, noticeably in estrogen receptor α–negative (n = 7) tumors. 1α,25(OH)2D3 resistance in cancer cell lines was targeted by cotreatments with either 1α,25(OH)2D3 or a metabolically stable analogue (RO-26-2198) in combination with either trichostatin A (TSA; histone deacetylation inhibitor) or 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (DNA methyltransferase inhibitor). Combinations of vitamin D3 compounds with TSA restored VDR antiproliferative signaling (target gene regulation, cell cycle arrest, and antiproliferative effects in liquid culture) to levels which were indistinguishable from MCF-12A cells.
Conclusions: Increased NCoR1 mRNA is a novel molecular lesion in breast cancer cells, which acts to suppress responsiveness of VDR target genes, resulting in 1α,25(OH)2D3 resistance and seems to be particularly associated with estrogen receptor negativity. This lesion provides a novel molecular diagnostic and can be targeted by combinations of vitamin D3 compounds and low doses of TSA.
A Two-Gene Expression Ratio of Homeobox 13 and Interleukin-17B Receptor for Prediction of Recurrence and Survival in Women Receiving Adjuvant Tamoxifen
Authors: Goetz Matthew P. , Suman Vera J. , Ingle James N. , Nibbe Andrea M. , Visscher Dan W. , Reynolds Carol A. , Lingle Wilma L. , Erlander Mark , Ma Xiao-Jun , Sgroi Dennis C. , Perez Edith A. , Couch Fergus J. 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Purpose: In the adjuvant treatment of estrogen receptor (ER)–positive breast cancer, additional markers are needed to identify women at high risk for recurrence.
Experimental Design: We examined the association between the ratio of the homeobox 13 (HOXB13) to interleukin-17B receptor (IL-17BR) expression and the clinical outcomes of relapse and survival in women with ER-positive breast cancer enrolled onto a North Central Cancer Treatment Group adjuvant tamoxifen trial (NCCTG 89-30-52).
Results: Tumor blocks were obtained from 211 of 256 eligible patients, and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR profiles for HOXB13 and IL-17BR were obtained from 206 patients. The cut point for the two-gene log 2(expression ratio) that best discriminated clinical outcome (recurrence and survival) was selected and identified women with significantly worse relapse-free survival (RFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS), independent of standard prognostic markers. The cut point differed as a function of nodal status [node negative (59th percentile) versus node positive (90th percentile)]. In the node-positive cohort (n = 86), the HOXB13/IL-17BR ratio was not associated with relapse or survival. In contrast, in the node-negative cohort (n = 130), a high HOXB13/IL-17BR ratio was associated with significantly worse RFS [hazard ratio (HR), 1.98; P = 0.031], DFS (HR, 2.03; P = 0.015), and OS (HR, 2.4; P = 0.014), independent of standard prognostic markers.
Conclusion: A high HOXB13/IL-17BR expression ratio is associated with increased relapse and death in patients with resected node-negative, ER-positive breast cancer treated with tamoxifen and may identify patients in whom alternative therapies should be studied.
Evaluation of Adverse Events Experienced by Older Patients Participating in Studies of Molecularly Targeted Agents Alone or in Combination
Authors: Townsley Carol A. , Pond Gregory R. , Oza Amit M. , Hirte Hal W. , Winquist Eric , Goss Glenwood , Degendorfer Pamela , Moore Malcolm J. , Siu Lillian L. 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Background: The tolerability of molecularly targeted agents in older patients has not been specifically examined. Adverse event data from clinical trials in the Princess Margaret Hospital Phase II Consortium database were analyzed to address this question.
Methods: The Consortium database collects trial information on all patients treated with either a molecularly targeted agent alone or in combination since 2001. The frequency of adverse events was determined and analyzed by two different age groups, &lt;65 years and ≥65 years. Toxicity indices (TI) and frequencies of dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), based on adverse events of all causalities (TIALL and DLTALL), and on adverse events that were at least possibly related to the molecularly targeted agent (TIMTA and DLTMTA), were calculated for both age groups.
Results: Four hundred and one patients who received 1,252 treatment cycles were analyzed from 19 different studies. Baseline performance status was similar between both age groups, but fewer older patients have had multiple prior regimens of chemotherapy or prior radiation therapy. A comparison of the proportions of younger and older patients experiencing DLTALL and DLTMTA showed similar results. The TIMTA values were comparable between the two age groups in both single agent (3.25 versus 3.00, for &lt;65 versus ≥65 years) and multi-agent (3.65 versus 3.00, for &lt;65 versus ≥65 years) trials.
Conclusions: Older patients seem to tolerate molecularly targeted therapies either alone or in combination with chemotherapy as well as younger patients. Age alone should not be a barrier in the administration of targeted agents.
Differentially Regulated Micro-RNAs and Actively Translated Messenger RNA Transcripts by Tumor Suppressor p53 in Colon Cancer
Authors: Xi Yaguang , Shalgi Reut , Fodstad Oystein , Pilpel Yitzhak , Ju Jingfang 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of p53 in regulating micro-RNA (miRNA) expression due to its function as a transcription factor. In addition, p53 may also affect other cellular mRNA gene expression at the translational level either via its mediated miRNAs or due to its RNA-binding function.
Experimental Design: The possible interaction between p53 and miRNAs in regulating gene expression was investigated using human colon cancer HCT-116 (wt-p53) and HCT-116 (null-p53) cell lines. The effect of p53 on the expression of miRNAs was investigated using miRNA expression array and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis.
Results: Our investigation indicated that the expression levels of a number of miRNAs were affected by wt-p53. Down-regulation of wt-p53 via small interfering RNA abolished the effect of wt-p53 in regulating miRNAs in HCT-116 (wt-p53) cells. Global sequence analysis revealed that over 46% of the 326 miRNA putative promoters contain potential p53-binding sites, suggesting that some of these miRNAs were potentially regulated directly by wt-p53. In addition, the expression levels of steady-state total mRNAs and actively translated mRNA transcripts were quantified by high-density microarray gene expression analysis. The results indicated that nearly 200 cellular mRNA transcripts were regulated at the posttranscriptional level, and sequence analysis revealed that some of these mRNAs may be potential targets of miRNAs, including translation initiation factor eIF-5A, eIF-4A, and protein phosphatase 1.
Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating that wt-p53 and miRNAs interact in influencing gene expression and providing insights of how p53 regulates genes at multiple levels via unique mechanisms.
Delineation, Functional Validation, and Bioinformatic Evaluation of Gene Expression in Thyroid Follicular Carcinomas with the PAX8-PPARG Translocation
Authors: Giordano Thomas J. , Au Amy Y.M. , Kuick Rork , Thomas Dafydd G. , Rhodes Daniel R. , Wilhelm Kenneth G. , Vinco Michelle , Misek David E. , Sanders Donita , Zhu Zhaowen , Ciampi Raffaele , Hanash Samir , Chinnaiyan Arul , Clifton-Bligh Roderick J. , Robinson Bruce G. , Nikiforov Yuri E. , Koenig Ronald J. 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
A subset of follicular thyroid carcinomas contains a balanced translocation, t(2;3)(q13;p25), that results in fusion of the paired box gene 8 (PAX8) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARG) genes with concomitant expression of a PAX8-PPARγ fusion protein, PPFP. PPFP is thought to contribute to neoplasia through a mechanism in which it acts as a dominant-negative inhibitor of wild-type PPARγ. To better understand this type of follicular carcinoma, we generated global gene expression profiles using DNA microarrays of a cohort of follicular carcinomas along with other common thyroid tumors and used the data to derive a gene expression profile characteristic of PPFP-positive tumors. Transient transfection assays using promoters of four genes whose expression was highly associated with the translocation showed that each can be activated by PPFP. PPFP had unique transcriptional activities when compared with PAX8 or PPARγ, although it had the potential to function in ways qualitatively similar to PAX8 or PPARγ depending on the promoter and cellular environment. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that genes with increased expression in PPFP-positive follicular carcinomas include known PPAR target genes; genes involved in fatty acid, amino acid, and carbohydrate metabolism; micro-RNA target genes; and genes on chromosome 3p. These results have implications for the neoplastic mechanism of these follicular carcinomas.