bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of adherence to a healthy lifestyle among vegetarian and non-vegetarian Peruvian university students: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Saintila Jacksaint , Rojas-Humpire Ricardo , Newball-Noriega Edda E. , Huancahuire-Vega Salomón , Ignacio-Cconchoy Felipe L. , Calizaya-Milla Yaquelin E. 
Published: February 2024

Background
Evidence shows that a healthy lifestyle can promote physical and mental well-being in the general population. However, there are few studies that assess the adherence to a healthy lifestyle in vegetarian and non-vegetarian university students. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences in adherence to a healthy lifestyle between vegetarian and non-vegetarian university students in Peru.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out considering data from 6,846 students selected by non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The Diet and Healthy Lifestyle Scale (DEVS), the Peruvian validation of the Vegetarian Lifestyle Index (VLI), was used. In addition, sociodemographic and anthropometric data such as weight and height were collected. Body mass index (BMI) was also calculated.

Results
Semi-vegetarian and vegetarian students had a high healthy lifestyle score compared to non-vegetarians. In addition, vegetarian diets showed a significantly higher proportion among students with a lower BMI (normal and underweight). Students with excess body weight (overweight and obesity) were less likely to report healthy lifestyle. In the overall population analyzed, it was observed that the levels of health and lifestyle behaviors, such as daily exercise and sunlight exposure, were mostly moderate and low. Additionally, sweets intake was high, while healthy food consumption such as fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains was low.

Conclusion
The current findings show that although vegetarians had better adherence to a healthy lifestyle, interventions in the university setting are needed to improve healthy lifestyle in university students.
Hardcore Research: Punk, Practice, Politics, Konstantin Butz and Robert A. Winkler (eds) (2023)
Authors: Healy Grace 
Published: February 2024

Review of: Hardcore Research: Punk, Practice, Politics, Konstantin Butz and Robert A. Winkler (eds) (2023)
Bielefeld and London: Transcript Publishing, 278 pp.,
ISBN 978-3-83766-406-5, p/bk, €39.00
Islam dalam Kebijakan Luar Negeri Indonesia: Kebijakan Indonesia Terhadap Cina dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Etnis Uighur
Authors: Oktavia Enika Maya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Indonesia is faced with a foreign policy dilemma regarding the Uighur conflict. Despite its strategic relationship with China, Indonesia, as an Islamic country, places the protection of the rights of Uighur Muslims as a priority. The limitations of direct action against China arise from geopolitical considerations, economic interests, and the complexity of bilateral relations. Indonesia plays an active role in international forums, such as the OIC and the UN, to fight for the rights of Uighur Muslims, while Islam becomes the moral basis of foreign policy. Economic challenges, relationship complexity, and limited resources are factors that affect policy implementation. The research methodology uses a qualitative approach, with data tracing through literature studies to analyze the phenomenon of the Uighur conflict. Overall, Indonesia's policy reflects political, economic, and moral considerations in responding to the Uighur conflict with China, using a soft diplomacy approach. Diplomacy that avoids confrontation and is influenced by the balance of power and international capabilities.Abstrak: Indonesia dihadapkan pada dilema kebijakan luar negeri terkait konflik Uighur. Meskipun menjalin hubungan strategis dengan Cina, Indonesia, sebagai negara berbasis Islam, menempatkan perlindungan hak-hak Muslim Uighur sebagai prioritas. Keterbatasan tindakan langsung terhadap Cina timbul dari pertimbangan geopolitik, kepentingan ekonomi, dan kompleksitas hubungan bilateral. Indonesia berperan aktif di forum internasional, seperti OKI dan PBB, untuk memperjuangkan hak-hak Muslim Uighur, sementara Islam menjadi dasar moral dalam kebijakan luar negeri. Tantangan ekonomi, kompleksitas hubungan, dan keterbatasan sumber daya menjadi faktor yang memengaruhi implementasi kebijakan. Metodologi penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan data tracing melalui studi kepustakaan untuk menganalisis fenomena konflik Uighur. Secara keseluruhan, kebijakan Indonesia mencerminkan pertimbangan politik, ekonomi, dan moral dalam menanggapi konflik Uighur dengan Cina, dengan menggunakan pendekatan diplomasi lunak. Diplomasi yang menghindari konfrontasi dan dipengaruhi oleh keseimbangan power dan kapabilitas internasional.
Kritik Hukum Pidana Islam Klasik: Metodologi Pembacaan Klasik Dengan Paradigma Konstitusional
Authors: Fanesti Shabrian Hammam 
Published: February 2024

Abstract: This article performs a reconstruction of classical Islamic penal law. The problem is a shift in the world's perspective on human values, including Indonesia. This shift began when the PBB established the Convention Against Torture and Other Crueal (CAT) and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) as derivatives of the Declaration of Human Rights. It contains a commitment to abolish and reform criminal sanctions that are sadistic, degrading and killing people. This became an obstacle to the enforcement of classical Islamic penal code. Therefore, it is necessary to reconstruct the methodology of nash-nash readings of criminal law. This research is a qualitative research that is a literature review. The conclusion offered is that criminal law in Islam is a constitutional and dynamic affair so that the new Criminal Code (KUHP) is legally legal shari'i as a formulation of criminal law in Indonesia. Abstrak: Artikel ini melakukan rekonstruksi hukum pidana Islam klasik. Problematikanya adalah pergeseran cara pandang dunia terhadap nilai kemanusiaan, termasuk Indonesia . Pergeseran ini dimulai saat PBB menetapkan Convention Againts Torture and Other Crueal (CAT) dan International Covenant on Civil and Political Right (ICCPR) sebagai turunan dari Deklarasi Hak Asasi Manusia. Di dalamnya memuat komitmen untuk menghapus dan mereformasi sanksi pidana yang sadis, merendahkan mertabat manusia dan menghilangkan nyawa. Ini menjadi hambatan untuk penegakan hukum pidana Islam klasik. Oleh karena itu, perlu kiranya untuk merekonstruksi metodologi pembacaan nash-nash tentang hukum pidana. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat kajian pustaka. Kesimpulan yang ditawarkan adalah hukum pidana dalam Islam adalah urusan konstitusional dan dinamis sehingga Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) baru legal secara syar’i sebagai rumusan hukum pidana di Indonesia.
Volumes
Authors: Romero Dianderas Eduardo 
Published: February 2024

Recent years have witnessed the advancement of several technocratic interventions in the context of the global environmental crisis that aim to calculate and track different objects of environmental concern at various scales. In this article, I focus on how such technocratic interventions are transforming the processes by which tropical timber is technically rendered into calculational abstractions known as “volumes” in Peru’s tropical timber supply chains. Drawing on twenty-four months of fieldwork following the activities of loggers, timber industrialists, and state technocrats across Peru’s Amazonian region of Loreto, I show how calculational abstractions can never fully circumvent the frictions of power, history, and bodily experience. Rather, technocratic interventions aiming to standardize tropical timber-calculation procedures ultimately transform volumes into fertile ethnographic terrains from which to appreciate how competing forms of political imagination intersect and collide with each other as Amazonia enters the age of climate change and biodiversity loss.

RESUMEN

Durante los últimos años, distintas intervenciones tecnocráticas han sido desplegadas en el contexto de la crisis ambiental global con el fin de calcular y trazar distintos objetos de preocupación ambiental a distintas escalas. En este artículo, me centro en cómo estas intervenciones tecnocráticas están transformando los procesos por los cuales la madera tropical es convertida en abstracciones calculacionales llamadas “volúmenes” dentro de las cadenas de suministro de madera tropical del Perú. Sobre la base de veinticuatro meses de trabajo de campo siguiendo las actividades de madereros, industriales y tecnócratas del Estado en la región amazónica de Loreto, muestro cómo las abstracciones calculacionales nunca pueden escapar del todo de las fricciones del poder, la historia y la experiencia corporal. Más bien, las intervenciones tecnocráticas que buscan estandarizar los procedimientos de calculo sobre la madera tropical transforman los volúmenes en terrenos etnográficos fértiles desde los cuales es posible apreciar cómo distintas formas de imaginación política se intersectan y colisionan al tiempo que la Amazonía ingresa a la era del cambio climático y la perdida de biodiversidad.
Strontium and copper co-doped nanohydroxyapatite for bone augmentation
Authors: Sathyanarayanan Shivani , Kannan Saranya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Bone disorders and conditions have been increasing at an alarming rate all over the world, especially in niches where increased obesity and poor physical activity have been prevailing. Synthetic nanohydroxyapatite (HAp) is one of the remedies to reconstruct bone formation. Its rate of dissolution and compatibility is in the moderately acceptable range. The doping of HAp with bone-forming ions can make them highly biologically compatible materials. In the present work, we formulated HAp doped with essential micronutrients of strontium and copper. Nanoglobular Sr and Cu doped HAp (SC-HAp) with an average size of 30 nm was prepared. The SC-HAp was partially crystalline and amorphous, which could influence the dissolution rate of the material. The biomineralization ability of the SC-HAp seemed to be effective in apatite formation. The calcium, collagen and alkaline phosphatase secretion levels after the addition of SC-HAp on MG63 cells indicate the bone-forming capacity of the material. Further, the cell proliferation rate was enhanced compared to the control with SC-HAp.
A socio-cognitive reinterpretation of Grice’s theory of conversation
Authors: Hu Yanwei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Pragmatics research has been following two separate lines: the cognitive-philosophical line and the sociocultural-interactional line. Joining recent efforts of integration in pragmatics research, this paper reinterprets from a socio-cognitive perspective Grice’s theory of conversation (the Cooperative Principle with attendant maxims). The paper aims to incorporate social considerations into the theory, in the hope of enhancing its explanatory potential for information exchange in real-life discourse contexts. Focusing on cooperation as process, this paper examines Grice’s theory of conversation in connection with his theory of meaning and looks into the social-normative basis of the conversational behavior predicted by Grice. The conversational maxims can be characterized as socio-cognitive in the sense of being both cognitive and normative. They are normative expectations whose breach commits the speaker to interpretive and social consequences. The maxims used to be thought of in terms of a simple dichotomy: they are either observed or not observed, and non-observance has often been equated with non-cooperation. The paper draws attention to the fact that non-observance comes in different types (violating, opting out, flouting, and so on). It matters communicatively and extra-communicatively which type the non-observance falls into, as different types of non-observance have different interpretive and social consequences.
Evaluation of a Treponema IgG ELISA alone and in combination with an IgM ELISA as substitutes for Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) as confirmatory tests in a two-tier diagnostic algorithm for diagnosis of syphilis infection
Authors: Wellinghausen Nele , Rangel Vivar Teresa Esthela , Plonné Dietmar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) has been used for decades for serological diagnostics of syphilis but is no longer available. Therefore, we evaluated the Treponema IgG ELISA (TpG) alone and in combination with the Treponema IgM ELISA (TpG+M, both from Euroimmun) as possible substitutes for TPPA as a confirmatory test in a two-tier syphilis screening algorithm. Furthermore, we investigated whether a TPPA titer of 5,120 which is used as cut-off for therapeutic decision in pregnant women in Germany can be transferred to an appropriate cut-off value of the TpG.

Methods
All serum samples with reactive syphilis screening test (CLIA, Diasorin) within a 13-months period were included (n=739). In addition to TPPA and rapid plasma reagin test both ELISA tests were done in all samples.

Results
Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 92.2, 100, 100, and 74.5 % for TpG, and 93.2, 85.4, 96.6, and 74.1 % for TpG+M. By ROC analysis the cut-off of TpG corresponding to a TPPA titer ≥5,120 was calculated to be 54 RU/mL with a sensitivity of 99.6 % and a resulting specificity of 58.6 %.

Conclusions
TpG appears suitable to substitute TPPA as a confirmatory test for syphilis diagnostics but TpG-negative samples have to be evaluated by further tests like FTA-Abs or immunoblot. Treponema IgM determined in addition to TpG did not improve the test performance compared to the TPPA as a reference standard. Valid prediction of a TPPA titer ≥5,120 from TpG result appears not reasonable.
Can triglyceride related indices be reliable markers in the assessment of polycystic ovarian syndrome?
Authors: Yavuzcan Ali , Keyif Betül , Yavuzcan Gizem , Göynümer Gökhan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of the triglyceride glucose (TyG), triglyceride glucose–body mass (TyG-BMI), and lipid accumulation product (LAP) indices for both screening polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and diagnosing insulin resistance (IR) in women diagnosed with PCOS.

Methods
Retrospective data from medical records of 124 women were analyzed, with 71 in the PCOS group and 53 in the non-PCOS group. The PCOS diagnosis followed the 2003 Rotterdam criteria. Basic clinical and biochemical parameters were compared. The TyG index was computed using the formula ln [triglyceride (TG) (mmol/L) × fasting plasma glukose (FPG) (mg/dL)/2]. TyG-BMI value was derived as TyG × BMI. LAP was calculated as (waist circumference (WC-58) × TG (mmol/L). IR was identified if Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was >2.7.

Results
TyG-BMI (AUC=0.62) and LAP indices (AUC=0.61) did not demonstrate statistically significant diagnostic performance for PCOS. Regarding IR in PCOS patients, the highest AUC was for TyG-BMI (0.84, 95 % CI: 0.73–0.93, p<0.001) with a cutoff at 116.15, showing 80 % sensitivity and 86 % specificity. LAP had an AUC of 0.86 with a cutoff of 30.21 (sensitivity 80 %, specificity 81 %), while TyG showed an AUC of 0.78 (95 % CI: 0.67–0.89, p<0.001) with a cutoff of 4.47, demonstrating a sensitivity of 70 % and specificity of 72 %.

Conclusions
Numerous biochemical markers have been explored for PCOS detection, however, many are expensive, not universally available, and necessitate specific test kits. TyG, TyG-BMI, and LAP indices might not serve as reliable markers for PCOS screening but could offer utility in identifying IR in Turkish women diagnosed with PCOS.
Managing Chronic Diseases in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Suryavanshi Tanishq , Jiang Shirley (Xue) , Jin Shicheng , Noor Salmi , Suleman Raiya 
Published: February 2024

Chronic conditions and diseases, such as heart disease, stroke, and cancer significantly influence health status around the world.1 By 2020, an estimated 75% of deaths will be caused by chronic diseases, with an estimated 80% of these deaths occurring in low to middle-income countries (LMICs).1,2 Furthermore, problems with chronic disease are exacerbated by socioeconomic and geopolitical factors.3 An example of an LMIC burdened with chronic diseases is the Dominican Republic (DR), where non-communicable diseases account for about 70% of deaths each year.4 The DR is located on the island of Hispaniola, which is shared with Haiti. Despite their geographical proximity, the two countries are vastly different with regards to development, with the DR placing over 50 countries above Haiti on the United Nations (UN) Human Development Index.5 This disparity leads to the migration of many Haitian workers to the DR. A large portion of the Haitian migrants work in the sugar industry as laborers. In fact, approximately 85% of sugarcane workers in the DR are from Haiti.6 The sugarcane workers are primarily housed in batey communities. A batey is an underdeveloped village located near sugar cane fields, built by large multi-national sugar production companies. These villages are severely underfunded, which gives rise to a variety of health and quality of life issues. Common conditions found among batey inhabitants include gastroesophageal reflux disease, hypertension, and upper respiratory infections.7 Given that many Haitian residents are paid extremely low wages and have limited access to many social services, the burden of these health problems is amplified greatly. There have been many attempts to address these problems by both local and foreign aid teams. However, many factors complicate the provision of chronic disease management, such as care aversive behavior and difficulties with achieving continuity of care.
Lifting the Price on Human Life
Authors: Li Edward 
Published: February 2024

The increasing number of patients in need of organtransplantation has fostered the growth of an internationalblack market in which the wealthy purchase kidneys, liver,or other tissue from vulnerable persons. Oftentimes, victimsendure substandard care and are forced to consent to lifethreatening procedures for little to no compensation. Since voluntary donation alone is unable to reconcile supply with demand, more economically developed countries have begun to experiment with reimbursing donors for incurred expenses and creating procedural barriers for those who would prefer to opt out of post-mortem donation.1 However, poverty can be equally as problematic as the shortage of organs itself. In this regard, the ideal solution should eliminate the initial need for people to donate out of desperation. After relating the organ trade to issues of substandard care and criminal exploitation, it becomes evident that nonfinancial donor compensation, in the form of housing, tuition, insurance, or employment, could be an effective means of suppressing the illegal organ marketand restoring basic rights to disadvantaged donors.
Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Chen Jacqueline , Patel Ria 
Published: February 2024

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as low filtration function in the kidneys, protein in the urine, or functionally-important structural abnormalities. Low filtration function is associated with waste build-up in the bloodstream and difficulty in excreting salt and water, leading to fluid build-up. CKD may worsen over time, and some individuals with CKD may experience kidney failure, at which point dialysis or transplantation is required to replace kidney function.
CKD may be caused by diabetes, renovascular disease, glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, and various genetic and environmental factors. In 2023, approximately four million Canadians live with and 11-13% of the global population are affected by CKD. This disorder has a 50% five-year mortality rate and is associated with lower quality of life compared to other chronic diseases, including sickle cell anemia, cancer, and cystic fibrosis. CKD’s comorbidities, such as diabetes, are increasing in prevalence and can increase the risk of developing CKD. Thus, the rates of CKD are also set to rise.3 Annual CKD management costs across Canada total $40 billion, with dialysis treatment for people with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) costing $100,000 per patient.
Investigation of phenolic contents and in vitro biological activities of Inula helenium subsp. pseudohelenium extracts
Authors: Alan Y. , Yılmaz N. , Cabuk M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the phenolic profile, antioxidant capacity, and biological activity of Inula helenium subsp. pseudohelenium extracts, for the first time. Phenolic substances in leaf ethanol (L-EtOH), leaf pure water (L-PW), root ethanol (R-EtOH), and root pure water (R-PW) extracts of I. helenium subsp. pseudohelenium plant were investigated by HPLC. Also, the antimicrobial (hollow agar), antioxidant, antiproliferative, and DNA protective activities of the samples were examined in vitro. Gallic acid was not detected in the extracts, the presence of curcumin was detected only in EtOH extracts. L-EtOH exhibited the best antimicrobial activity. According to the antioxidant results, the L-EtOH extract had an activity profile close to the standard antioxidants in general. It was also found that the L-EtOH extract stabilised the DNA by disrupting the scavenging effect of H2O2+DMSO. According to the antiproliferative activity results, EtOH extracts exhibited the strongest effect, especially against MCF7 cancer cell lines. When evaluated in general terms, it was found that L-EtOH extract showed better activity than other extracts. It is important to conduct more in vivo and in vitro studies after isolating the active components of extracts e.g. L-EtOH, which have good effects in terms of biological activity.
Utilization of Yeasts in Promoting Plant Growth in Acidic Soil – A Review
Authors: Rawichandran Darshini , Kasim Susilawati , Kee Zuan Ali Tan , Effendi Mohd Izuan , Raguraj Sriharan 
Published: February 2024

The ecosystem's biodiversity and soil microorganisms are impacted by the increasing use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, which causes soil acidity and limits the sustainability of agricultural output. The majority of microbial functions in acidic soil are inhibited because of decreasing nutrient cycling and organic matter decomposition as well as diminishing bacterial and fungal growth and reproduction. In light of these growing concerns, the use of microorganisms as bio fertilizers is a recommended as alternative agricultural practice. Recent times have brought about a change in the paucity of study on yeasts and their ability to safely boost plant growth. Numerous works on bacteria have been made available. The primary objective of the study is to highlight the widespread application of yeasts in sustainable agricultural practices to promote plant growth in acidic soils. All of the advantages that yeasts provide may contribute to the growth of plants. Therefore, a thorough investigation into yeasts may be fruitful and offer a sustainable means of boosting agricultural yields that are necessary in acidic soil.