bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary function in dogs after intercostal thoracotomy: Comparison of morphine, oxymorphone, and selective intercostal nerve block
Authors: Berg R. John , Orton E. Christopher 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
A thoracotomy was performed at the left 5th intercostal space in 24 dogs. Dogs were assigned to 4 groups of 6 dogs each. Postoperative analgesia was administered as follows: group 1—control, no analgesia; group II—morphine (0.5 mg/kg of body weight); group III—oxymorphone (0.1 mg/kg); group IV—selective intercostal nerve block with bupivacaine HCl. Respiratory rate, minute volume (VE), and arterial blood gases were measured during the recovery period. Ventilation-perfusion mismatch was estimated by calculation of the alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference.
Arterial carbon dioxide tension (Paco2) in the control and selective intercostal nerve block groups remained within the normal range and did not differ significantly (P < 0.05) between groups. During the first 60 to 90 minutes after surgery, Paco2 tension was increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the groups given morphine and oxymorphone. Hypoventilation in the groups given narcotics resulted from significant reductions (P < 0.05) in the respiratory rate and VE and produced significant (P < 0.05) respiratory acidosis and hypoxemia. Three dogs in the groups given narcotics had a panting response that resulted in increased respiratory rates and VE. This response did not improve alveolar ventilation in these dogs, which was evidenced by increased Paco2 values. Hypoventilation, respiratory acidosis, and hypoxemia in the groups given narcotics improved significantly with time, presumably because of drug clearance. Values for alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference indicated moderate ventilation-perfusion mismatch secondary to anesthesia in all groups; however, significant differences (P < 0.05) between the groups were not observed.
Anatomie distribution of encysted cyathostome larvae in the horse
Authors: Reinemeyer Craig R. , Herd R. P. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
The large intestines of 6 horses were divided by length into 12 segments, and each segment was washed and weighed. At least 5% by weight of each segment was examined by mural transillumination, and encysted cyathostome larvae were counted. Total numbers of larvae in each segment were calculated. Encysted larvae (98%) were present in the proximal 7 segments of the large intestine (cecum and proximal 75% of the ventral colon), and 2% were present in the distal 25% of the ventral colon and entire dorsal colon. Encysted larvae (6%) were located in the dorsal colon of 1 heavily infected horse. Larval density was greatest in the cecum, which harbored 57% of encysted worms yet contributed only 27% to the total weight of the large intestine.
Larvae dissected from tissue cysts consisted of species that were highly prevalent as adult worms. However, there were few Cylicostephanus longibursatus, probably because of the small size and fragility of its 4th-stage larvae.
Pathologie findings in the oviducts of mares
Authors: Saltiel Alberto , Páramo Rosa , Murcia Clara , Tolosa Jorge 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Oviducts from 325 mares were evaluated macroscopically, and oviducts from 124 mares were evaluated microscopically. Two hundred and eighty-five (87.69%) of the mares had at least 1 macroscopic lesion and 116 (93.54%) had at least 1 microscopic lesion. The most frequently seen macroscopic lesions were adhesions, paraovarian cysts, and thick fibrous bands. Microscopically, intraepithelial cysts, slight, focal lymphocytic infiltration in the infundibular-ampullary region, and proteinoid material in the oviductal lumen were the most common findings. In general, the proximal segments of the oviduct were more affected than were the distal segments. Forty-nine (90.74%) of the 54 pairs of oviducts collected from pregnant mares had at least 1 macroscopic or microscopic lesion.
Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: Contact transmission
Authors: Kopecky Kenneth E. , Pugh George W. , McDonald Timothy J. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
The transmission of Moraxella bovis was studied in calves in the absence of the face fly (Musca autumnalis) or environmental conditions that might insult the eye. Thirty calves were placed in 10 groups of 1 experimentally infected calf and 2 contact calves each. Over 40 days, only 1 eye in 1 contact calf developed clinical infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis. The organism was recovered in only 8 of 20 contact calves, whereas infection and disease occurred in all experimentally infected calves. Transmission of M bovis occurring in the absence of some other intervening factor was probably of minimal importance. Seemingly, herd preventive treatment would be most effective when flies and environmental factors are at a minimum.
Bovine peritoneum: Fibrinolytic activity and adhesion formation
Authors: Trent A. M. , Bailey J. V. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
The fibrinolytic activity of peritoneum was evaluated in 4-month-old calves before and after peritoneal trauma. In each calf, a peritoneal resection, abrasion, sutured incision, and nonsutured incision were performed. These 4 trauma sites were evaluated for fibrinolytic activity and adhesion formation at 1 of 6 posttrauma intervals (1, 2, 3, 5, 8, or 14 days). Peritoneal plasminogen activator and fibrinolytic inhibitor activities from pre- and posttrauma samples were evaluated, using a fibrin-slide incubation technique. Calf peritoneal specimens consistently had fibrinolytic inhibitor activity, but did not have plasminogen activator activity. Significant differences were not found between fibrinolytic activity before or after trauma and a significant correlation was not found between fibrinolytic activity and the presence of or severity of adhesions.
A newly designed tensiometer
Authors: Lee Alice H. , Swaim Steven F. , Pedersoli John M. , McGuire John A. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
A newly designed tensiometer is described in detail. The tensiometer was used to test the tensile strengths of skin wounds on the trunks of 12 female laboratory Beagles at 5, 9, and 14 days after operation. The tensile strengths increased significantly from day 5 to day 14. The newly designed tensiometer could be used to obtain accurate in vivo measurements of the tensile strengths of skin wounds.
Preferential grazing by cattle on glyphosate-treated fescue pastures
Authors: Kisseberth William C. , Buck William B. , Mansfield Manford E. , Manuel Richard K. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Cattle grazing preferences on fescue pastures treated with the herbicide glyphosate at a rate of 2.52 kg/ha by surface application were determined, and the time course of the effect was characterized. An initial grazing preference for treated pasture was observed for the first 5 to 7 days. Over the next 15 days, this preference was lost because of decreasing amounts of herbicide on the herbage and/or desiccation of the herbage.
Experimentally induced rabies in four cats inoculated with a rabies virus isolated from a bat
Authors: Trimarchi Charles V. , Rudd Robert J. , Abelseth Melvin K. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Four cats were inoculated im with rabies virus isolated from the salivary gland of a naturally infected big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus). The 4 cats developed clinical signs of rabies after a median incubation period of 42 days. The median duration of clinical illness was 5 days. Results of fluorescent antibody evaluation, mouse inoculation, and tissue culture isolation indicated large differences in virus concentrations in various areas of the cns of individual cats. These differences also were observed between cats. Rabies virus was isolated from the salivary glands and saliva of 2 cats; urinary bladder was the only other nonneural tissue found infected. Our observations indicated that cat rabies can be caused by bat rabies virus; that cats thus infected have infectious saliva during aggressive behavior and can therefore transmit the disease; and that adequate specimens of hippocampus, cerebellum, and brain stem are essential for reliable determination of rabies infection. The findings support recommendations for regular rabies vaccination of cats, even in areas of rabies-free terrestrial mammals.
Effects of estradiol on hematopoietic and marrow adherent cells of dogs
Authors: Gaunt Stephen D. , Pierce K. R. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Hematopoietic and marrow adherent cells were examined in 5 ovariohysterectomized dogs treated once with 1.5 mg of 17β-estradiol cyclopentylpropionate/kg of body weight. All dogs initially developed thrombocytopenia and neutrophilic leukocytosis, with megakaryocytopenia and an increased myeloid/erythroid ratio of the marrow. Later, 2 dogs became thrombocytopenic and neutropenic, with megakaryocytopenia, decreased myeloid/erythroid ratio, and increased concentration of plasma cells and mast cells in the marrow. The concentration of marrow granulocytemacrophage colony-forming units (cfu-gm) was decreased at 2 and 3 weeks in all dogs after estradiol treatment. The concentration of marrow fibroblast cfu-f was decreased in all estradiol-treated dogs at 1 and 2 weeks. The ability of marrow adherent cells to support cfu-gm colony formation was unchanged in estradiol-treated dogs. Estradiol sulfate at final concentrations of 10−8 to 10−4M did not affect the in vitro growth of cfu-gm and cfu-f, or the hematopoietic ability of marrow adherent cells from nontreated dogs.
Uric acid and phosphorus excretion in dogs with lymphosarcoma
Authors: Page Rodney L. , Leifer Connie E. , Matus Robert E. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Serum uric acid and phosphorus concentrations were determined for 27 dogs with multicentric lymphosarcoma before and after chemotherapy. Mean serum uric acid values in dogs before treatment were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of a control group of healthy dogs. Serum uric acid values did not change after treatment. Of the 27 dogs, 13 had 24-hour urine collections to determine endogenous creatinine clearance and quantitation of uric acid and phosphorus excretion before and after treatment for lymphosarcoma. Mean values for 24-hour creatinine clearance before and after treatment were statistically similar in dogs with lymphosarcoma, although the values were lower than those in a normal range. Total urinary phosphorus excretions were increased significantly (P < 0.01) after treatment without change in fractional excretion. Chemotherapeutic agents used accounted for the significant (P < 0.05) increase in urine volume after treatment and may have affected the excretion of uric acid and phosphorus.
Seemingly, dogs with uncomplicated lymphosarcoma rarely have renal dysfunction or clinically important alterations in uric acid or phosphorus excretion secondary to rapid tumor lysis. However, preexisting renal disease or systemic complications, such as hypercalcemia, may be associated with increased risk of further renal impairment during treatment.
Equine thyroid function assessment with the thyrotropin-releasing hormone response test
Authors: Lothrop Clinton D. , Nolan H. Lynn 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
The effect of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (trh) on equine thyroid function was determined by quantifying serum thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3) before and after trh administration. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone was administered iv to adult horses (n = 5) and ponies (n = 6) at a dose of 1 mg or 0.5 mg, respectively. Serum T4 and T3 concentrations were determined before and 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 hours after trh administration. Serum T4 increased from a basal concentration of 24.4 ± 8.7 ng/ml (mean ± sd) to a maximum value of 48.2 ± 10.2 by 4 hours after trh administration. Serum T3 increased from a basal concentration of 0.44 ± 0.18 ng/ml to a maximum value of 1.31 ± 0.37 ng/ml by 2 hours after trh administration. Seemingly, trh increases serum concentrations of T4 and T3 and may be useful as a test of equine hypophysis-thyroid function.
Effects of prednisolone on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in the dog
Authors: Wolfsheimer K. J. , Flory W. , Williams M. D. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Effects of prednisolone on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion were evaluated in healthy dogs. Dogs were given 1 mg of prednisolone/kg of body weight/day (n = 5) or 2 mg of prednisolone/kg/day (n = 6) orally for 3 weeks. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests (600 mg/kg) were administered before and after treatment to evaluate plasma glucose in fasting dogs, glucose fractional clearance rate, serum insulin in fasting dogs, insulin peak response, total insulin secretion, and insulinogenic index.
A significant difference (P < 0.05) in plasma glucose in fasting dogs was observed for the 2 mg/kg dose, although values were still within the reference range. There was no significant effect on glucose fractional clearance rate (glucose tolerance) or insulin secretion. Seemingly, peripheral insulin resistance resulting in hyperinsulinemia or decreased glucose tolerance could not be identified in association with 1 or 2 mg of prednisolone/kg/day for 3 weeks in healthy dogs.
Effects of tenotomy of the tensor tympani muscle on the acoustic reflex in dogs
Authors: Sims Michael H. , Weigel Joseph P. , Moore Robert E. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
The acoustic reflex (ar) was recorded from 12 healthy mixed-breed dogs. Latency and amplitude were measured from ipsilateral and contralateral ar at stimulus frequencies of 1 and 2 kHz and intensities of 70 to 110 dB sound pressure level for ipsilateral ar and 70 to 120 dB hearing level for contralateral ar. Mean latencies for ipsilateral and contralateral ar were between 33.46 and 206.10 ms and between 45.26 and 180.89 ms, respectively, and amplitudes were between 0.14 and 1.79 cm3 and between 0.31 and 1.86 cm3 of air, respectively. Stimulus frequencies and intensities had significant effects (P < 0.05) on ipsilateral and contralateral ar latencies and amplitudes. Ipsilateral and contralateral ar decays were determined by measuring compliance change during a 10-s pure-tone stimulation at frequencies of 1 and 2 kHz at an intensity of 10 dB above ar threshold. Reflex decays for 1 kHz and 2 kHz frequencies averaged 5.74% and 9.71%, respectively, for ipsilateral ar and 5.08% and 5.40%, respectively, for contralateral ar. Bilateral tympanograms and brain stem auditory-evoked responses were performed on each dog. Mean normal static compliance of the middle ear, as determined by typanometry, was 0.15 cm3.
Unilateral tenotomy of the tensor tympani muscle was done on 6 of the 12 dogs, and each of the preceeding procedures were repeated within 1 week after surgical operation. Transection of the tensor tympani tendon did not alter (P > 0.05) the latencies or amplitudes of 1 kHz- or 2 kHz-evoked contralateral ar, the latency or amplitude of 1 kHz-evoked ipsilateral ar, or the amplitude of 2 kHz-evoked ipsilateral ar. However, the latency of 2 kHz-evoked ipsilateral ar was significantly (P < 0.05) increased. Reflex decay increased significantly (P ≤ 0.001) for the contralateral reflex elicited by the 2 kHz stimulus. Neither compliance of the middle ear system nor amplitude and latency of the brain stem auditory-evoked response were affected (P > 0.05) by tenotomy. Since tenotomy eliminates participation of the tensor tympani in the ar, these data indicate that contraction of this muscle is not primarily responsible for the compliance changes recorded during an acoustic reflex in dogs.
Gentamicin tissue concentrations in equine small intestine and large colon
Authors: Snyder Jack R. , Pascoe John R. , Hietala Sharon K. , Holland Melissa , Baggot Desmond J. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Gentamicin sulfate (2.2 mg/kg of body weight, iv) was given to anesthetized horses. Jejunal and large colon tissue samples (1 g), serum, and urine were collected over a 4-hour period. Maximum gentamicin concentrations in serum (10.06 ± 2.85 μg/ml) occurred at 0.25 hours after injection. Maximum gentamicin concentrations in the large colon (4.13 ± 1.80 μg/ml) and jejunum (2.26 ± 1.35 μg/ml) occurred in horses at 0.5 and 0.33 hours, respectively. Tissue concentrations decreased in parallel with serum concentrations and were still detectable at the end of the 4-hour period.
During the time that samples were collected, the total amount of gentamicin excreted in the urine ranged from 7.21 ± 3.11 mg to 11.91 ± 7.12 mg, with a mean urinary concentration of 57.01 ± 5.37 μg/ml. Over the 4-hour collection period, the fraction of dose that was excreted unchanged in the urine was 4.8 ± 1.9%.
Pharmacokinetic analyses of the serum concentration-time data gave a serum half-life of 2.52 ± 1.29 hours, volume of distribution of 227 ± 83 ml/kg, and body clearance of 1.12 ± 0.26 ml/min/kg. The half-lives of the antibiotic in the jejunum and large colon were 1.32 and 1.83 hours, respectively.
Comparison of antipseudomonad activity of chlorine dioxide/chlorous acid-containing gel with commercially available antiseptics
Authors: Kenyan Alan J. , Hamilton Susan G. , Douglas Diane M. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
A chlorine dioxide-containing gel was compared with 3 commercially available antimicrobials and 1 antibiotic intended for topical use. This gel was tested at 0.5 × and 4 × and was found to be more effective as a 4 × gel in treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected excised wounds on mice. To further compare this gel with other antiseptics, a murine bioassay was developed. This wound model consisted of an excised cutaneous wound on the dorsum of mice which were irradiated (800 rad) and inoculated with Ρ aeruginosa at 10-fold dilutions, from 10−2 to 10−10. The wounds were observed for latency of infection or mice survival time as a function of concentration of viable organisms remaining after treatment. The advantage of this model was demonstrated where a standard curve based on latency did not consume as many test subjects and yet provided an estimate of viable organisms in each wound. In this model, the chlorine dioxide-containing gel was more active than were preparations of providone-iodine, chlorhexidene, or silver sulfadiazine and was similar to polymyxin-bacitracin-neomycin ointment as a topical antiseptic. The effectiveness of the tested gel was reduced if delays in treatment were longer than 1 hour.
Congenital cardiac defects in calves
Authors: Gopal T. , Leipold H. W. , Dennis S. M. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
In a 14-year study of calves with cardiac defects, 36 had 78 congenital cardiac defects: ectopia cordia cervicalis (n = 10 defects), common aortic trunk (n = 3 defects), dextraposed aorta (n = 8 defects), duplicated major trunks (n = 1 defect), hypoplastic aorta (n = 2 defects), interventricular septal defect (n = 11), interatrial septal defect (n = 2), left ventricular hypoplasia (n = 10), patent ductus arteriosus (n = 5), patent foramen ovale (n = 5), right ventricular hypoplasia (n = 10), cor triloculare biatriatum (n = 1), endocardial fibroelastosis with calcification (n = 3), and valvular hematomas (n = 7). All septal defects were high in location and ranged from 5 to 35 mm in diameter. One calf with a septal defect also had bilateral microphthalmia.
In vitro and in vivo association of African swine fever virus with swine erythrocytes
Authors: Quintero Julio C. , Wesley Ronald D. , Whyard Terry C. , Gregg Douglas , Mebus Charles A. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
The association of African swine fever virus (asfv) with swine erythrocytes in vivo, in high titers, was verified by inoculating 30 pigs with 17 asfv isolates and assaying their plasma and washed erythrocyte fractions for residual virus. Viral antigens were specifically localized on the surface of in vitro and in vivo swine erythrocytes, using the fluorescent antibody technique and 3 monoclonal antibodies specific for asfv. The same monoclonal antibodies immunoprecipitated virus-specific polypeptides of molecular weights 13 kd and 73 kd from asfv-infected Vero cells. Erythrocytes from viremic swine infected with Lisbon-60, Dominican Republic, Badajoz-M98, or Cameroon isolates of asfv were studied by transmission electron microscopy. Virus was found in membrane depressions at the surface of erythrocytes. These surface depressions resembled stages of smooth surfaced pits. Erythrocytes from viremic pigs were fragile osmotically.
Plasmid profile analysis of bovine isolates of Pasteurella haemolytica
Authors: Boyce John R. , Morter Raymond L. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Pasteurella haemolytica isolates, obtained from cattle with respiratory tract disease, were characterized as to serotype, antimicrobial susceptibility, and plasmid content. Strains isolated from 2 groups of cattle were compared. Remarkable similarity was seen in the plasmid profiles of isolates of the same serotype. In contrast, isolates of 2 different serotypes had totally different plasmid profiles.
Antibacterial activity of dilute povidone-iodine solutions used for ocular surface disinfection in dogs
Authors: Roberts Steven M. , Severin Glenn A. , Lavach J. D. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Bacterial cultures of specimens from healthy canine eyelids and ocular surfaces were found to demonstrate bacterial growth in 69.7% (53/76) of the eyes sampled. Organisms most commonly isolated included: Staphylococcus aureus, α-hemolytic Streptococcus sp, S epidermidis, and Escherichia coli. Evaluation of dilute povidone-iodine solutions for effectiveness as ocular surface disinfectants was conducted. Bacterial growth initially detected in 32 of 46 eyes was not detected after disinfection with a 2-minute scrub and 2-minute soaking procedure, using 1:2, 1:10, or 1:50 dilutions of a povidone-iodine solution that contained 1% available iodine. The eyelid and ocular surfaces of 16 eyes were disinfected with 1:100 povidone-iodine solution. Bacterial growth initially present in 10 of 16 eyes was present in 1 eye after disinfection and consisted of a single colony of Ε coli. After eyes were disinfected with 1:10, 1:50, or 1:100 povidone-iodine solutions, there was no evidence of corneal epithelial edema or sloughing. In 15 eyes subjected to disinfection with the 1:2 dilution, one instance of epithelial corneal edema was noticed. A 1:50 dilution of povidone-iodine is recommended as an ocular surface disinfectant for use in presurgical situations.