bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FREDRIK PACIUS AND HIS “UNFINISHED” SYMPHONY
Authors: Нилова В.И. 
Published: April 2024

В статье характеризуется вклад уроженца Германии Фридриха Пасиуса в развитие музыкальной культуры Финляндии XIX века и его первый и единственный опыт в жанре симфонии.
The article describes the contribution of Fredrik Pacius, a native of Germany, to the development of the musical culture of Finland in the 19th century and his first and only endeavour in the genre of symphony.
Analisis Jumlah dan Perilaku Membersihkan Tempat Penampungan Air (TPA) dengan Keberadaan Jentik Aedes Aegypti di Kelurahan Persiakan Tebing Tinggi
Authors: Daulay Buyung RB. Diningrat , Perimsa Michael , Bukit Dhani Syahputra , Arde Lanova Dwi , Lestari Annisa Rizka , Latha Maha Jothi 
Published: April 2024

Kasus Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) setiap tahunnya meningkat di Indonesia, khususnya Provinsi Sumatera Utara yang ditemukan sebanyak 7.584 kasus. Kota Tebing Tinggi termasuk daerah endemis DBD, khususnya Kelurahan Persiakan ditemukan 8 kasus yang meningkat dari tahun sebelumnya. Beberapa faktor yang berpotensi meningkatkan kasus DBD adalah jumlah tempat penampungan air dan perilaku membersihkan tempat penampungan air (TPA). Tujuan riset ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan jumlah tempat penampungan air dan perilaku membersihkan TPA dengan keberadaan jentik Aedes aegypti di Kelurahan Persiakan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi adalah seluruh rumah di Kelurahan Persiakan, dipilih 100 rumah sebagai sampel riset menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data meliputi jumlah TPA, perilaku masyarakat dan keberadaan jentik dengan instrumen kuesioner. Larvae Project digunakan untuk melihat keberadaan jentik. Hasil riset menggunakan uji Chi Square ditemukan bahwa perilaku menguras dan membersihkan TPA seminggu sekali memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap keberadaan jentik (p-value = 0,007). Sedangkan jumlah TPA dan perilaku mengganti air pada vas bunga atau tempat minum hewan peliharaan seminggu sekali tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap keberadaan jentik (p-value>0,005). Perilaku menguras dan membersihkan TPA seminggu sekali berhubungan dengan keberadaan jentik Aedes aegypti.
ÁFRICA E BRASIL – CULTURA E HISTÓRIA
Authors: Gomes Luiz Antonio Fachini 
Published: April 2024

Depois de viver na África do Sul por quase quatro anos (1990-94), acabei por confirmar que o brasileiro tem uma cabeça muito africana; em certo sentido, bem mais africana do que europeia. Alguns anos antes, tinha vivido longo tempo na Europa Central e me sentira muito estranho naquele mundo. Realmente foi uma dificuldade adaptar-me ao modo de pensar (e sentir) daqueles europeus. Já no continente africano, me senti em casa. No Brasil, trabalhei por alguns anos no Departamento da África e tive oportunidade de viajar em missões transitórias por vários países da área.
Pengaruh Harga, Kualitas Produk, Dan Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Di CV Tri Jaya Mobil Tiban Batam
Authors: Harianja Josepin 
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh harga, kualitas produk dan dan kualitas pelayanan baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan pada CV Tri Jaya Mobil Tiban Batam. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 100 responden dan pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil pengolahan data pada variabel harga menemukan bahwa thitung sebesar 3,288 < ttabel sebesar 1,660 dengan tingkat signifikan 0,001 > 0,05, maka harga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan. Pada variabel kualitas produk menghasilkan nilai thitung sebesar 5,728 > ttabel sebsar 1,660 dengan tingkat signifikan 0,000 < 0,05, maka kualitas produk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan. Pada variabel kualitas pelayanan menghasilkan nilai thitung sebesar 4,252 > ttabel 1,660 dengan tingkat signifikan 0,000 < 0,05, maka kualitas pelayanan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan. Dari uji F diketahui bahwa nilai fhitung harga, kualitas produk dan kualitas pelayanan adalah sebesar 208,530 > ftabel 2,69 dengan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,000 < 0,05. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa variabel harga, kualitas produk dan kualitas pelayanan secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan CV Tri Jaya Mobil Tiban Batam.
Kata Kunci : Harga, Kualitas Produk, Kualitas Pelayanan, dan Loyalitas Pelanggan
PENERAPAN ISM CODE UNTUK MENGOPTIMALKAN KESELAMATAN KERJA KAPAL MT PUPUK INDONESIA DI PT PUPUK INDONESIA LOGISTIK
Authors: Astuti Sri Dweni , Muladi Rahman 
Published: April 2024

ISM Code adalah Suatu kode (petunjuk rinci) tentang manajemen internasional untuk mengoperasikan kapal agar selamat (safe operation) dan menjaga lingkungan hidup. Permasalahan dalam Penerapan ISM Code Untuk Megoptimalkan Keselamatan Kerja Kapal yaitu adanya unsur ketidakterampilan dan ketidakcakapan awak kapal dalam mematuhi kedisiplinan aturan kerja ataupun kurangnya pengetahuan awak kapal tentang pentingnya pelatihan di atas kapal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) Untuk mengetahui penerapan ISM Code di MT Pupuk Indonesia Logistik. 2) Untuk mengetahui pihak yang terlibat pada penerapan ISM Code dengan keselamatan kerja kapal MT Pupuk Indonesia di PT Pupuk Indonesia Logistik.Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Teknik Pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu dengan cara wawancara (interview), observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Sedangkan informan (narasumber) yang dijadikan penelitian adalah pegawai yang terdiri dari bagian Divisi GM Operasional dan Divisi HSSE (Health Safety Security Environment) di PT Pupuk Indonesia Logistk.Hasil penelitian ini adalah: 1)Penerapan ISM Code Untuk Mengoptimalkan Kerja Kapal MT Pupuk Indonesia di PT Pupuk Indonesia Logistik terdiri dari serangkaian kegiatan antara lain: a). Persiapan alat keselamatan kerja di atas kapal. b). Keterampilan dan kecakapan awak kapal dalam mewujudkan keselamatan di atas kapal. 2) Secara umum Penerapan ISM Code I untuk Mengoptimalkan Keselamatan Kerja Kapal MT Pupuk Indonesia di PT Pupuk Indonesia Logistik sudah berhasil dalam menangani prosedur-prosedur keselamatan pengperasian kapal di antaranya prosedur menghadapi cuaca buruk, prosedur menghadapi alur pelayaran sempit, prosedur kemudi darurat dan lain- lain.
Atherosclerosis, gut microbiome, and exercise in a meta-omics perspective: a literature review
Authors: Tang Haotian , Huang Yanqing , Yuan Didi , Liu Junwen 
Published: April 2024

Background
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, significantly impacting public health. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases account for the majority of these deaths, with atherosclerosis marking the initial and most critical phase of their pathophysiological progression. There is a complex relationship between atherosclerosis, the gut microbiome’s composition and function, and the potential mediating role of exercise. The adaptability of the gut microbiome and the feasibility of exercise interventions present novel opportunities for therapeutic and preventative approaches.

Methodology
We conducted a comprehensive literature review using professional databases such as PubMed and Web of Science. This review focuses on the application of meta-omics techniques, particularly metagenomics and metabolomics, in studying the effects of exercise interventions on the gut microbiome and atherosclerosis.

Results
Meta-omics technologies offer unparalleled capabilities to explore the intricate connections between exercise, the microbiome, the metabolome, and cardiometabolic health. This review highlights the advancements in metagenomics and metabolomics, their applications in research, and examines how exercise influences the gut microbiome. We delve into the mechanisms connecting these elements from a metabolic perspective. Metagenomics provides insight into changes in microbial strains post-exercise, while metabolomics sheds light on the shifts in metabolites. Together, these approaches offer a comprehensive understanding of how exercise impacts atherosclerosis through specific mechanisms.

Conclusions
Exercise significantly influences atherosclerosis, with the gut microbiome serving as a critical intermediary. Meta-omics technology holds substantial promise for investigating the gut microbiome; however, its methodologies require further refinement. Additionally, there is a pressing need for more extensive cohort studies to enhance our comprehension of the connection among these element.
Assessing the Efficacy of the Integrated School Program in Taplejung, Koshi Province, Nepal: A Comprehensive Analysis of Educational Impact and Community Engagement
Authors: Chhetri Raju , Thapa Nar Bikram , Lamichhane Prasannata 
Published: April 2024

This study aims to assess the changes throughout school education activities in the Taplejung, district of Koshi province in Nepal. The semi-structured interview like Focus Group Discussion, Key Informant Interviews, sample surveys, and direct Observation methods was designed and used to capture the field information during 2022.
The data divulged 92.80 percent respondents are feeling happy after infrastructure development, WASH and digital set up in the schools. The drop-out rate significantly down by 35 percent compared to the previous years. The school activities, now a days accelerating toward a progressive direction. The schools have high Graduation rate enrollment from 88 up to 120 percent from the past 2018 to 2020 of class 12. The dropout rate stable and down by 3 to 4 percent, and the distance learning initiatives in 2020 highly prioritized focus on the achievement, and results of 12 students. The community livelihood mode strengthened, as a result of 667 households have been adopted and earning from the coffee farming. The study concluded as the education program support is innovative and useful benefited by the communities and students; However, the long-term sustainability is challenging in coming days.
Assessment of Physicochemical Quality and Challenges of Municipal Sewage Water in Manchalapur Village in the Karnataka, India
Authors: Kavitha . , Kulkarni Prasad S. 
Published: April 2024

The present study was carried out on characterization of municipal sewage water tank of Manchalapur village near Raichur city in Karnataka. The water samples were collectedeight times from four different locations like inlet, outlet and water spreading area of the Manchalapur tank during the year 2018-2019 in monsoon and post monsoon season. The collected water samples were analyzed for the water quality parameters by using standard procedure. The results obtained were compared with Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and Bureau of India Standards (IS 2296:1992) water quality requirements for irrigation. The results showed that pH (7.89, 8.54), Electrical Conductivity (1.41, 1.48 dSm-1), Total Dissolved Solids (929.63, 1031.56 mg L-1), Carbonate (2.15, 0.86 mg L-1), Bicarbonate (7.71,4.99 mg L-1), Nitrate (26.90, 34.09 mg L-1), Phosphate (9.85, 6.20 mg L-1), Calcium (3.38, 2.77 mg L-1), magnesium (5.16, 4.13 mg L-1), Sodium (0.85, 0.92 mg L-1), Biological Oxygen Demand (1396.88, 1252.31 mg L-1), Chemical Oxygen Demand (14480, 8573.0 mg L-1), Dissolved Oxygen (7.91, 8.02 mg L-1) and turbidity (13.33, 8.77 NTU) for monsoon and post monsoon respectively. All the water quality parameters were within the recommended range of irrigation standards except the parameters BOD, COD, DO and turbidity. The results could be applicable advice to farmers and agricultural researchers for proper management and use of tank water for agricultural purpose.
Cannabinoids and Their Receptors
Authors: Straiker Alex 
Published: February 2008

Abstract

Exogenous cannabinoids are ∼60 molecules with a similar structural motif found in marijuana and hashish. Some of these are psychoactive – the chief being Δ
9
‐tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ
9
‐THC) – and have been found to exert their psychoactive effects via receptors in the body. The human body makes
endogenous
cannabinoids that are structurally distinct from exogenous cannabinoids. This combination of endocannabinoids (eCBs) and receptors form an important endogenous signalling system with roles in numerous aspects of brain function including memory, motor control, appetite, nausea and pain.
Neurons and Neural Networks: Computational Models
Authors: Rotstein Horacio G , Nadim Farzan 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Neural networks produce electrical activity that is generated by the biophysical properties of the constituent neurons and synapses. Mathematical equations can be used to describe the electrical activity of neurons and neural networks and the underlying biophysical properties. These equations give rise to computational models of neurons and networks that can be analysed using mathematical techniques or numerically simulated with computers.
AMPAReceptors
Authors: Roche Katherine W , Isaac John TR 
Published: February 2008

AbstractAMPA (α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methylisoxazole‐4‐propionic acid) receptors are the major excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the central nervous system (CNS). They mediate excitatory synaptic transmission between neurons and play a critical role in the synaptic plasticity underlying learning and memory and neuronal development.
Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membrane
Authors: Weiner Joel H , Rothery Richard A 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
The bacterial cytoplasmic membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer and proteins and encloses the contents of the bacterial cell. Hydrophobic in nature, it acts as a barrier, preventing the leakage of the hydrophilic cytoplasmic constituents and protecting the inside of the cell from environmental insult.
Bacterial Taxis
Authors: Armitage Judith P 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Bacteria swim by rotating semirigid helical flagella. They can swim at speeds of over 100 body lengths per second. They can sense a wide range of environmental signals; chemical changes, light, oxygen levels, changes in temperature and even the Earth's magnetic field. By temporally sampling their environment, they bias their overall direction of swimming to an optimum environment for growth.
Vaccines:DNA
Authors: Ulmer Jeffrey B , Donnelly John J 
Published: February 2008

AbstractImmunization by injection of plasmids encoding foreign proteins has successfully been used as a research tool and to elicit protective immune responses in animal models. Successful licensure of three deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) vaccines for animal health applications has recently been attained, including two for prevention of viral diseases and one for treatment of cancer in dogs. However, DNA vaccines have so far not been sufficiently potent in humans to support licensure. Hence, much effort has been undertaken to increase the potency of DNA vaccines.
Restriction Enzymes
Authors: Mani Mala , Kandavelou Karthikeyan , Chandrasegaran Srinivasan 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Type II restriction enzymes are the molecular scissors that catalyse the double‐strand cleavage of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) at specific base sequences. They are essential tools for manipulating DNA including but not limited to cloning, analysis and sequencing. Recent advances have made it possible to design and engineer chimaeric nucleases to target specific DNA sites within a genome thus making them useful tools to carry out gene therapy.
Hepatitis
C
Virus
Authors: Harris Mark 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Hepatitis C virus is a positive‐sense ribonucleic acid virus that is parenterally transmitted and is associated with chronic liver disease – fibrosis, cirrhosis and liver failure. It is a leading indicator for both liver transplant surgery and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Treatment is limited to a combination of interferon and ribavirin and is only partially effective. Research into the biology of hepatitis C virus has been hampered until recently by the inability to propagate the virus in cell culture. However, this obstacle has now been overcome and there is now a new momentum that promises to reveal much about this virus, hopefully leading to new and more effective therapies.
Antigenic Variation in Microbial Evasion of Immune Responses
Authors: Kotwal Girish J , Kulkarni Amod P 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Antigenic variation is the means by which certain pathogenic microorganisms evade immune surveillance. Through a variety of mechanisms, the antigenicity of their surface proteins is varied, thereby preventing the host organism from mounting an effective immune response. This has serious public health consequences, e.g. the current human immunodeficiency virus pandemic and the looming influenza pandemic.
Immunodeficiency
Authors: Roberts Robert L , Stiehm E Richard 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Immunodeficiency is a condition caused by one or more immune system defects and is characterized clinically by increased susceptibility to infections with consequent severe, acute, recurrent or chronic disease. An immunodeficiency disorder should be considered in anyone with infections that are unusually frequent, severe and resistant; without a symptom‐free interval; from an unusual organism or with unexpected or severe complications. Immunodeficiencies may be either primary or secondary.
Molecular Evolution
Authors: Klein Jan 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Molecular evolution is the process by which molecules of living forms diverge from one another over time. The study of molecular evolution embraces the evolution of the molecules themselves, their origins, how they change from taxon to taxon, the effects of these changes on function, and the integration of the molecules in the biochemical pathways of an organism. It also infers phylogenetic relationships and contributes to the formulation of general principles of evolution at the molecular level.
Molecular Evolution: Neutral Theory
Authors: Takahata Naoyuki 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
The neutral theory is shorthand for the theory that at the molecular level evolutionary changes and polymorphisms are mainly due to selectively neutral mutations; thus, their behaviour and fate are determined by mutation and random drift. The theory explains polymorphism as a transient phase of molecular evolution, and demands a dichotomy between molecular and phenotypic evolution.
Non‐Hodgkin Lymphomas
Authors: Magrath Ian T 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) are malignant neoplasms of lymphocytes – the predominant cells of the immune system – and their precursor cells. Lymphoid cell surface markers, clonal antigen receptor gene rearrangements and genetic lesions necessary for the induction of NHL (in particular, characteristic chromosomal translocations), can be considered as the defining characteristics of malignant lymphoid neoplasms, with the exception of the tumours of natural killer cells, which lack antigen receptor gene rearrangements. Appropriate treatment can control or cure most NHLs, treatment outcome depending upon the category and subtype of NHL and the extent of disease.
Mouse Knockouts: Modifying the Mouse Genome by using Embryonic Stem Cells
Authors: Mansouri Ahmed 
Published: February 2008

Abstract

Mouse embryonic stem cells are derived from the early embryo. They are pluripotent and can be genetically manipulated
in vitro
. This allows the modification of the mouse genome by gene targeting through homologous recombination, and by gene trapping approaches. Thus, mouse mutants that carry any desired mutation can be created. They represent a valuable tool to give new insights into normal and pathological processes, and to provide animal models for human genetic diseases.
Protein Structure Prediction
Authors: Skolnick Jeffrey 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
The state of the art of the field of protein structure prediction is reviewed. The strengths and weaknesses of the three general approaches, comparative modelling, threading and template‐free modelling, are discussed, and an overview of the results of the critical assessment of structure prediction (CASP) protein structure prediction experiments are summarized. The implications for protein structure prediction of the finding that the library of solved single domain protein structures is likely complete are examined. Recent advances in the modelling of membrane proteins and proteome scale protein structure predictions are presented. Finally, the key remaining unsolved proteins in protein structure prediction are described.
Alpine Ecosystems
Authors: Körner Christian 
Published: February 2008

AbstractOf all land area of the globe (about 151 million km2), the alpine life zone covers around 3% or 4.5 million km2, which is one‐third less than the area of the vegetated arctic life zone of North America and Eurasia (largely tundra). The alpine life zone (just as the arctic life zone) is treeless, hence its lower boundary is the climatic, high elevation treeline. Its upper boundary is the upper limit of plant life. Both these boundaries are fragmented and represent gradual transition zones. The alpine zone covers a suite of ecosystems (e.g. grass and shrub heathlands), special microhabitats (e.g. rock crevices and springs) and includes isolated outposts of life.
Cp
G
Islands and DNA Methylation
Authors: Antequera Francisco 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Methylated CpG dinucleotides at position 5 of cytosine are associated with transcriptional repression and an inactive chromatin conformation in mammals. CpG islands are nonmethylated, CpG‐rich regions of ∼1 kb that represent approximately 1% of the genome and contain promoters and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication origins.
Negative Regulatory Elements (
NREs
)
Authors: Hampsey Michael 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Negative regulatory elements (NREs) are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences that repress gene expression. NREs can act locally to repress expression of individual genes, or globally to repress expression of an expansive chromosomal domain. In either case, NREs act as binding sites for specific proteins, which in turn interact with other factors either to block recruitment of ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase or to facilitate formation of heterochromatin.
Telomeric and Subtelomeric Repeat Sequences
Authors: Churikov Dmitri , Price Carolyn M 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Telomeric repeats are the tandem arrays of a short G‐rich sequence that are present at the ends of most eukaryotic chromosomes. Subtelomeric sequences lie immediately proximal to the telomeric repeats and are composed of complex patchwork of low‐copy repeated sequences, segmental duplications and degenerate telomeric repeats.
Gene Duplication: Evolution
Authors: Li Wen‐Hsiung 
Published: February 2008

AbstractGene duplication is the major source of genetic novelties, because a duplicate copy may be free to change to a new function. Indeed, genome sequencing and statistical analyses have revealed that each eukaryotic genome contain numerous duplicate genes. Furthermore, there is evidence that a genome duplication occurred in the common ancestor of vertebrates and this might has been important for the diversification and organismal complexity of vertebrates.
Dating Mutations
Authors: Colombo Roberto 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe age of a mutation can be estimated from the decay of linkage disequilibrium with flanking or intragenic polymorphisms because of recombination and mutation and from the frequency of the mutation itself as a consequence of genetic drift. Several methods have been proposed, and the results from their applications can be combined with population data to provide a critical view of the origin and natural history of the mutation.