bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Descriptive analysis of wines from Vitis vinifera cv. Albariño
Authors: Vilanova Mar , Zamuz Sol , Tardáguila Javier , Masa Antón 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Descriptive analysis is the method most used in sensory analysis for product characterisation. This method is used to identify and quantify different wine sensations and attributes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the vintage on sensory attributes the Albariño wines from Rías Baixas (Galicia, Spain) and characterise the typical sensory profile of Albariño wine.RESULTS: All descriptors found could be included in six categories: fruity, floral, vegetal, balsamic, lactic and toasted. Significant differences were observed between the aroma descriptors of Albariño wines of different vintages. Apple, apricot, banana, citric, floral, grass, lactic, peach, pear, pineapple, ripe fruit, toasted and tropical fruit were the common descriptors across vintages. Therefore, these attributes may qualitatively be considered as typical descriptors of Albariño wines from Galicia. No significant differences were found for aroma intensity of apricot, grass, ripe fruit and tropical fruit. These descriptors may quantitatively be considered as typical descriptors of Albariño wines. The 2003 and 2005 vintages were the more complex vintages because they displayed a high number of descriptors with ‘adjusted frequencies’ greater than 10%.CONCLUSION: By using sensory descriptive analysis of commercial wines from four vintages, we obtained a sensory profile of Albariño wine. Fruity, floral and grass defined the aroma of Albariño wines. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Interferon‐inducible protein IFIXα inhibits cell invasion by upregulating the metastasis suppressor maspin
Authors: Yamaguchi Hirohito , Ding Yi , Lee Jin‐Fong , Zhang Ming , Pal Ashutosh , Bornmann William , Yan Duen‐Hwa , Hung Mien‐Chie 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIFIXα, a member of the interferon‐inducible HIN‐200 family, has been identified as a putative tumor suppressor. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying IFIXα‐mediated tumor suppression are poorly understood. In the present study, we demonstrated that the metastasis suppressor maspin acts as the downstream target of IFIXα. IFIXα suppressed the invasion activity of MDA‐MB‐468 breast cancer cells, and its inhibitory effect was reversed by the knockdown of maspin. Both Maspin mRNA and protein were upregulated by IFIXα. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, but not DNA methyltransferase inhibitor upregulated maspin, and HDAC1 inhibited the transactivation of maspin promoter. Although the HDAC1 protein was downregulated in IFIXα‐expressing cells, IFIXα did not affect HDAC1 mRNA levels. Conversely, a proteasome inhibitor restored the level of HDAC1 protein in IFIXα‐expressing cells, and the polyubiqutination of HDAC1 was promoted by IFIXα, suggesting that HDAC1 is regulated by IFIXα through a ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway. Together, these data provide novel insights into the tumor‐suppressive function of IFIXα. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Existence and uniqueness theorems for cusped prismatic shells in the Nth hierarchical model
Authors: Chinchaladze N. , Gilbert R. P. , Jaiani G. , Kharibegashvili S. , Natroshvili D. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe study the well posedness of boundary value problems for elastic cusped prismatic shells in the Nth approximation of I. Vekua's hierarchical models under (all reasonable) boundary conditions at the cusped edge and given displacements at the non‐cusped edge and stresses at the upper and lower faces of the shell. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Existence of periodic traveling wave solutions for the Ostrovsky equation
Authors: Ishimura Naoyuki , Mizumachi Tetsu 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe are concerned with the Ostrovsky equation, which is derived from the theory of weakly nonlinear long surface and internal waves in shallow water under the presence of rotation. On the basis of the variational method, we show the existence of periodic traveling wave solutions. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of vitelline envelope synthesis and composition during early oocyte development in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)
Authors: Modig Carina , Raldúa Demetrio , Cerdà Joan , Olsson Per‐Erik 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe oocyte vitelline envelope (VE) of gilthead seabream is composed of four known zona pellucida (ZP) proteins, ZPBa, ZPBb, ZPC, and ZPX. We have previously shown that the gilthead seabream ZP proteins are differentially transcribed in liver and ovary, with the expression in liver being under estrogenic control. However, although mRNA was found in both liver and ovary, only low ZPBa protein levels were detected in liver and plasma. Using isoform‐specific ZP antibodies we show that ZPBa and ZPX translation products are present in the cytosol of stage I and II oocytes. In addition, the zpBa and zpX mRNAs were detected in early developing oocytes. During oocyte growth (vitellogenesis), the VE increased in thickness (>10 µm), and we show that the four ZP isoforms are present in different regions of the VE. ZPX was detected closest to the oocyte plasma membrane while the intermediate region was composed of ZPBa, ZPBb, and ZPC. At the outer layer, only ZPC was detected. When oocytes reach the fully grown stage they resume meiosis and hydration. As the oocyte expands, thinning to 4 µm, the VE acquire a striped and compact appearance at the electron microscopy level. This study provides further evidence for the oocyte origin of some ZP proteins in the gilthead seabream and suggests that the ZP proteins are differentially distributed within the VE. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 1351–1360, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Developmental and hormonal regulation of cumulus expansion and secretion of cumulus expansion‐enabling factor (CEEF) in goat follicles
Authors: Zhang Xia , Han Yi‐Bing , Sui Hong‐Shu , Miao De‐Qiang , Wang Jun‐Zuo , Li Kun‐Liang , Tan Jing‐He 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe objective of this article was to study the developmental and hormonal regulation of cumulus expansion and secretion of cumulus expansion‐enabling factor (CEEF) in goat follicles. M‐199 medium was conditioned for 24 hr with cumulus‐denuded oocytes (DOs), oocytectomized complexes (OOXs), or mural granulosa cells (MGCs) from goat follicles of different sizes. Mouse OOXs and eCG were added to culture drops of the conditioned medium and cumulus expansion was scored at 18 hr of culture to assess CEEF production. While mouse OOXs did not expand, goat OOXs underwent full cumulus expansion when cultured in nonconditioned eCG‐supplemented M‐199 medium. When cultured in nonconditioned medium containing 10% follicular fluid (FF) from goat medium (2–4 mm) and small (0.8–1.5 mm) follicles, 71–83% mouse OOXs expanded; but expansion rates decreased (P < 0.05) at either lower or higher FF concentrations. FF from large (5–6 mm) follicles did not support mouse OOX expansion at any concentrations. While medium conditioned with DOs from follicles of all the three sizes supported expansion of 80–90% mouse OOXs, medium conditioned with mature DOs had no effect. While cumulus cells from follicles of all the three sizes secreted CEEF in the absence of gonadotropins, MGCs from large follicles became gonadotropin dependent for CEEF production. Both FSH and LH stimulated CEEF production by large follicle MGCs, but FSH had a shorter half‐life than LH to expand mouse OOXs. Few meiosis‐incompetent goat oocytes from small follicles underwent cumulus expansion when cultured in medium conditioned with goat DOs or cocultured with goat COCs from medium follicles. It is concluded that (1) goat cumulus expansion is independent of the oocyte; (2) the limited CEEF activity in FF from large follicles was due mainly to the inability of MGCs in these follicles to secret the factor in absence or short supply of gonadotropins; (3) the cumulus expansion inability of the meiosis incompetent goat oocytes was due to the inability of their cumulus cells to respond to rather than to produce CEEF. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 1387–1395, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A new method for finding the first‐ and second‐order eigenderivatives of asymmetric non‐conservative systems with application to an FGM plate actively controlled by piezoelectric sensor/actuators
Authors: Mirzaeifar R. , Bahai H. , Shahab S. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIn this paper, a new method for computing eigenvalue and eigenvector derivatives of asymmetric non‐conservative systems with distinct eigenvalues is presented. Several approaches have been proposed for eigenderivative analysis of systems with asymmetric and non‐positive‐definite mass, damping and stiffness matrices. The proposed formulation that is developed by combining the modal and algebraic methods neither have the complications of modal methods in calculating the complex left and right eigenvector derivatives nor suffer from numerical instability problems usually associated with algebraic methods. The method is applied to a functionally graded material (FGM) plate actively controlled by piezoelectric sensor/actuators. In this system, the feedback signal applied to each actuator patch is implemented as a function of the electric potential in its corresponding sensor patch. The use of this closed‐loop controlling system leads to a non‐self‐adjoint system with complex eigenvalues and eigenvectors. A finite element model is developed for static and dynamic analysis of closed‐loop controlled FGM plate. The first‐ and second‐order approximations of Taylor expansion are used to estimate the corresponding changes in the plate modal properties due to change in design parameters (the displacement feedback gains and the piezoelectric layer thickness in each S/A pair). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Testing the theory of self‐care management for sickle cell disease
Authors: Jenerette Coretta M. , Murdaugh Carolyn 
Published: February 2008

AbstractFactors predicting health outcomes in persons with sickle cell disease (SCD) were investigated within the framework of the theory of self‐care management for SCD, which proposes that vulnerability factors negatively affect health care outcomes and self‐care management resources and positively mediate the relationship between vulnerability factors and health care outcomes. A cross‐sectional descriptive design was used to test the model with a sample of 232 African American adults with SCD. Results supported the negative effect of vulnerability factors on health outcomes. The overall model was supported, however, self‐care management resources did not mediate the relationship between vulnerability and health care outcomes. The findings provide support for interventions to increase self‐care management resources to improve health care outcomes. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 31:355–369, 2008
Faunal exploitation and agricultural transitions in the South American agricultural limit
Authors: Neme G. A. , Gil A. F. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe southern Mendoza Province of Argentina constitutes the southernmost limit of Andean agriculture in South America. Archaeofaunal assemblages from sites in this region show a pattern of changing taxonomic diversity concomitant with the first appearance of domesticated plants. This pattern is characterised by an increase in prey diversity before the appearance of the first cultigens and a decrease in diversity after their arrival. Furthermore, the animal taxa exploited when domesticated plants entered the diet indicate a focus on big game. The pattern observed in southern Mendoza is in accord with ethnographic and archaeological models generated by faunal research worldwide. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Continuous and inverse optimal control designs for chained systems: A global state‐scaling transformation and a time‐scaling method
Authors: Qu Zhihua , Wang Jing , Hull Richard A. , Martin Jeffrey 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIn this paper, the inverse optimal control designs for chained systems are investigated. The presented designs are based on the thorough study of controllability of chained systems. Particularly, two methods are proposed to recover uniform complete controllability for the chained system. One involves a global singularity‐free state‐scaling transformation, the other is based on a time transform, and both of them require an innovative design of dynamic control component for its subsystem. Using either of the approaches, the chained system is mapped into a controllable linear time‐varying system for which control can systematically be designed to ensure exponential convergence or asymptotic stability. Both state‐feedback and output‐feedback designs are presented and literally shown to be inversely optimal. Simulation results are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed controls. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Noninvasive genotyping fetal Kell blood group (KEL1) using cell‐free fetal DNA in maternal plasma by MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry
Authors: Li Ying , Finning Kirstin , Daniels Geoff , Hahn Sinuhe , Zhong Xiaoyan , Holzgreve Wolfgang 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackgroundAlloimmunization against the fetal Kell (KEL1) blood group antigen is gaining importance relative to the Rhesus problem and is the second most important cause of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Molecular diagnosis for fetal KEL1, which currently involves invasive procedures, is routinely done for accessing whether a fetus is at risk. Here we developed a matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS)‐based single allele‐based extension reaction (SABER) to examine the fetal KEL1 gene from KEL1‐negative pregnant women using cell‐free fetal DNA in maternal plasma.MethodsThirty‐two maternal plasma samples taken at the second and third trimesters of gestation (median: 21.5 weeks) were examined with MALDI‐TOF MS‐based SABER. The results were confirmed by serological tests on cord blood or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) typing on amniocyte‐derived fetal DNA.ResultsWe were able to detect the fetal KEL1 allele in 11 of the 13 KEL1‐positive samples. No false positive results were scored. The paternal KEL1 allele could be correctly determined in 94% of cases (30/32).ConclusionsOur results indicated that the MALDI‐TOF MS‐based SABER has been used successfully for the detection of the fetal KEL1 status with the accuracy of 94%. Further, large‐scale study, such as multicenter study, can now be explored for clinical application. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A cultural snapshot to inform future practice development within a new cancer centre
Authors: Davidson Michael CJ 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe closure of an existing cancer centre and an inpatient cancer ward in a city centre hospital, with a move to a purpose‐built unit, provided an opportunity to analyse the culture within the existing ward environments and patient hotel. This project was designed in response to the sense of loss and anxiety expressed by staff regarding the change to working in a brand new purpose‐built cancer centre and new bed and breakfast facility. In addition, patients had expressed their sense of loss, not only of the staff who nursed them but of the environment in which they had been cared for. The method involve five senior nurses within the existing oncology department spending four hours in the five selected areas engaging in practice observation, critical reflective interviewing and photographing a ‘typical day’. Patients were also asked to take photographs, to capture their perspectives. In addition, nursing staff were asked to complete the ‘Aston Inter‐professional Team working Inventory’ to give a comparative measure of the existing ward and department cultures. The findings of this study highlighted the multifaceted nature of ward cultures, including themes of communication, teamworking, values, loss and a sense of belonging. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solution properties of an aqueous poly(methacryl oxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride) and its poly(oxyethylene) grafted analog
Authors: Andersson Toni , Sumela Miika , Khriachtchev Leonid , Räsänen Markku , Aseyev Vladimir , Tenhu Heikki 
Published: February 2008

AbstractCationic poly(methacryl oxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride), PMOTAC, and its poly(oxyethylene), POE, grafted analog have been synthesised. The molar mass of the POE grafts was Mw = 200 g/mol, and the grafting degrees of the synthesised copolymers were 2, 5, and 15 mol %. The effect of the POE grafts on the solution properties and the conformation of the polycation has been investigated in aqueous NaNO3 by means of dynamic and static light scattering, viscometry, and Raman spectroscopy. It was found that the polyelectrolyte properties are more pronounced for the homopolymer than for the POE‐grafted copolymers. The increase of the POE‐grafting degree dramatically decreases the hydrodynamic radius of individual macromolecules and causes intermolecular association. It also suppresses the conformational response of the copolymers upon changing the ionic strength with respect to that of the homopolymer. DFT calculations have been used to estimate a possible mechanism of interaction between the POE grafts and the MOTAC repeating units. It has been revealed that the POE grafts are capable of forming intramolecular hydrogen bonds with the MOTAC groups. The latter was confirmed experimentally; addition of free POE chains to a solution of PMOTAC results in formation of intermolecular PMOTAC/POE complexes. Increasing the POE concentration decreases the solution viscosity. At the same time, the bimodal distributions of the hydrodynamic radius, which are typical for polyelectrolytes in salt‐free solutions, become monomodal representing the PMOTAC/POE complexes. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 547–557, 2008
Effect of nucleating agent on the brittle–ductile transition behavior of polypropylene/ethylene–octene copolymer blends
Authors: Bai Hongwei , Wang Yong , Song Bo , Li Yanli , Liu Li 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIn the present work, α‐form nucleating agent 1,3:2,4‐bis (3,4‐dimethylbenzylidene) sorbitol (DMDBS, Millad 3988) is introduced into the blends of polypropylene/ethylene–octene copolymer (PP/POE) blends to study the effect of the nucleating agent on the toughness of PP/POE blends through affecting the crystallization behavior of PP matrix. Compared with the PP/POE blends, in which the toughness of the blends increases gradually with the increasing content of POE and only a weak transition in toughness is observed, addition of 0.2 wt % DMDBS induces not only the definitely brittle‐ductile transition at low POE content but also the enhancement of toughness and tensile strength of the blends simultaneously. Study on the morphologies of impact‐fractured surfaces suggests that the addition of a few amounts of DMDBS increases the degree of plastic deformation of sample during the fracture process. WAXD results suggest that POE induces the formation of the β‐form crystalline of PP; however, DMDBS prevents the formation of it. SEM results show that the addition of DMDBS does not affect the dispersion and phase morphologies of POE particles in PP matrix. DSC and POM results show that, although POE acts as a nucleating agent for PP crystallization and which enhances the crystallization temperature of PP and decreases the spherulites size of PP slightly, DMDBS induces the enhancement of the crystallization temperature of PP and the decrease of spherulites size of PP more greatly. It is concluded that the definitely brittle–ductile transition behavior during the impact process and the great improvement of toughness of the blends are attributed to the sharp decrease of PP spherulites size and their homogeneous distribution obtained by the addition of nucleating agent. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 577–588, 2008
Crystallization and thermal properties of PLLA comb polymer
Authors: Zhao Chuanzhuang , Wu Dongxia , Huang Nan , Zhao Hanying 
Published: February 2008

AbstractPoly(L‐lactide) (PLLA) on poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) backbone was prepared by a combination of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and ring‐opening polymerization (ROP). The structure of the comb polymer was analyzed by wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). WAXD result indicates that the comb polymer has α crystalline modification with a 103helical conformation. Lamellar parameters of the crystalline structure were obtained by one‐dimension correlation function (1DCF) calculated from SAXS results. The calculations show that the thickness of crystalline layer is controlled by annealing temperature and comb structure. DSC was applied to study kinetics of the crystallization and melting behavior. Two melting peaks on melting curves of the comb polymer at different crystallization temperature were detected, and the peak at higher temperature is attributed to the melt‐recrystallization. The equilibrium melting temperature is found to be influenced by the comb structure. In this article the effects of the comb structure on Avrami exponent, equilibrium melting point and melting peak of the comb polymer were discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 589–598, 2008
Modeling the mechanical properties of highly oriented polymer films: A fiber/gel composite theory approach
Authors: Breese D. Ryan , Beaucage Gregory 
Published: February 2008

AbstractControlling the extent of orientation is of great interest in polymer processing and is effected by the choice of polymer, the fabrication technique and the processing conditions. Understanding the crystalline transitions that form highly oriented fibrils is necessary for modeling the changes in physical properties, relative to degree of orientation. A model is proposed to describe the mechanical properties of drawn semicrystalline polymer films based on structural transitions. With a minimal amount of experimental data (requiring testing on only two drawn films samples), this model can be used to predict film properties. These properties include the critical and maximum draw ratios, the moduli at the maximum draw ratio, the moduli of the fiber, the modulus of the nonfibrous gel relative to draw ratio, the volume fraction of fibers, and the rate of fibrillation. Where high degrees of uniaxial orientation are required, the polymer is typically drawn in the solid state, meaning the polymer is stretched in a single direction at temperatures below the melting point. During this process, pre‐existing crystallites are transformed into fiber‐like structures with large aspect ratios. The presence of these rigid asymmetric structures significantly enhances the moduli and break strength of the polymer. This work presents a model that describes the formation of fiber‐like structures. The volume fraction of fibers is predicted to be linear in draw ratio. The derived relationship between volume fraction of fibers and draw ratio can then be used for the prediction of the various properties of the oriented film. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 607–618, 2008