bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic and Theoretical Studies of Charge-Transfer Type Molecular Complexes between Monoölefins and Metal Ions: Selective Complex Formation Abilities of Copper(I), Silver(I) and Mercury(II) Ions
Authors: Hosoya Haruo , Nagakura Saburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ultraviolet, infrared and Raman spectra of the cyclohexene-silver perchlorate complex have been measured under various conditions. A new band has been found in the 220∼230 mμ region for the complex in an aqueous solution; it has been found to have the mixing character of the charge-transfer from the olefln to the metal ion and of the Rydberg transition within the olefln molecule. The equilibrium constant (pK) has been evaluated spectro-photometrically as 0∼−2 for the equilibrium
C6H10+Ag+\ightleftharpoonsC6H10…Ag+
The 1653 cm-−1ν(C=C) and 716 cm−1δ(=C–H) bands of pure cyclohexene have been found to shift to about 1585 and 745 cm−1 respectively by means of complex formation with silver perchlorate, both in solids and in solutions. This and other facts concerning the vibration spectrum of the complex show that the C=C bond is weakened by the complex formation.
The very selective complex formation ability of Cu+, Ag+ and Hg2+ toward monoölefins has been explained by the calculation in which we explicitly took into account the charge number, the ionization potential, the electron affinity, the ionic radius, the hydration (solvation) energy, and the various atomic excitation energies of the ions. It has been pointed out that the roles of the d-electrons of the metal ion and the 3sσ-electrons of the olefln molecule are important in the ground state and the lowest excited state respectively, while the effect of the hydration (or lattice) energy is important in both states.
The Radiation-induced Addition of Hydrogen Sulfide to Propylene
Authors: Sugimoto Ken’ichi , Ando Wataru , Oae Shigeru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The radiation-induced free radical addition of hydrogen sulfide to propylene to give n-propylmercaptan and di-n-propylsulfide has been studied. The direction of the addition to propylene is consistent with that of the radical addition to such olefins previously studied, suggesting that the SH is both the adding and chain-carrying species. The addition of the thiol to propylene has been found to undergo a free radical chain reaction, readily yielding di-n-propylsulfide in the succeeding step.
Electron Microscopic Study of the Dehydration of Brucite and the Recrystallization of Periclase upon Further Heating
Authors: Yamaguchi Goro , Tokuda Toshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) The hexagonal plate crystals of the brucite, about 1 μ across, have been obtained by the hydrothermal treatment of chemicallypure magnesium hydroxide.
2) The brucite crystals transformed themselves upon dehydration into aggregates of the minute periclase crystallites oriented in such a way that (111) is parallel with (0001) of the original brucite crystal and (220) is parallel with (11\={20}).
3) The dehydration seems to take place in two steps. The escape of water molecules and the gradual shrinkage of the lattice take place at the first step of the dehydration. The slip of the oxygen layers and the crystallization take place at the second step.
4) Upon further heating after complete dehydration, the orientation of the crystallites remained unchanged in many crystals. In a few crystals, however, the orientation changed in the several ways shown in Table I. This phenomenon is a kind of sintering in the grain.
Fundamental Conditions and Reaction Mechanisms in Formation of Phosphomolybdenum Blue
Authors: Namiki Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The effects of acidity and molybdate concentration on the development of phosphomolybdenum blue have been studied in detail and the relationships among these three factors shown by a graph, called a “phosphomolybdenum blue color field” by the author. A further investigation was undertaken in order to explain the mechanisms of color development and the fundamental properties of reaction products under the optimum conditions established by the author for the determination of phosphate. The acidity and molybdate concentration in the graph was divided into 4 fields, the fields denoting the concentration conditions given below.
Field 1: All phosphate forms phosphomolybdate, and then forms phosphomolybdenum blue. No blue color due to the reagent blank is obtained. This field is suitable for the phosphomolybdenum blue method.
Field 2: All phosphate forms phosphomolybdate, and then forms phosphomolybdenum blue. However, the reagent blank also becomes blue. This field is suitable for the phosphomolybdate method.
Field 3: Only a part of the phosphate forms phosphomolybdate and then phosphomolybdenum blue. Heating promotes the reaction, making it suitable for the phosphomolybdenum blue method.
Field 4: No phosphomolybdate is formed. This field is not applicable for determinations.
When the reaction of phosphomolybdenum blue development is carried out in a solution containing 0.65 n sulfuric acid and 0.15% ammonium molybdate, which is optimum for the determination of phosphate, phosphate is completely converted to phosphomolybdate, which in turn is quantitatively reduced by stannous chloride to form phosphomolybdenum blue. At the first stage of the reduction, one phosphomolybdenum blue molecule is regarded as possessing seven molybdenum atoms that have been reduced to molybdenum (V). Reduction by the use of excess amounts of stannous chloride proceeds in the following order:
(1) Phosphomolybdate → Phosphomolybdenum blue
(2) Molybdate reagent → Molybdenum of low valency
(3) Phosphomolybdenum blue → Phosphomolybdenum blue of a low valency
The reduction product in reaction 2 is probably a molybdenum (III) compound. A large excess of stannous chloride fades the blue color of the solution by means of reaction 3. Reaction 3 is negligible compared with reactions 1 and 2 in solutions containing a slight excess of stannous chloride. Under the conditions established by the author for color development, no blue product is formed as a results of the reduction of the molybdate reagent. Molybdate is considered to have been reduced directly to reddish brown molybdenum (III).
The knowledge obtained from these experiments is thought to be enough for the performance of the phosphomolybdenum blue method, although it is still insufficient for a complete explanation of the properties of the reactions and the reaction products.
The Isotopic Hydrogen Exchange between Propene and Deuterium Oxide Catalyzed by Nickel Powder
Authors: Hirota Kozo , Hironaka Yoshie 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Deuterium exchange between propene and deuterium oxide has been found to occur at room temperature successively on a nickel catalyst, but about six times more easily at the vinyl hydrogen than at the methyl hydrogen at room temperature, although this finding is not concordant with the expectation derived from the scission energy of the bonds concerned and although it is also different from the easier exchangeability of the methyl hydrogen in the similar exchange reaction of paraxylene.
The discrepancy has been explained by assuming the classical chemisorbed species of propene as an intermediate, i. e., a state of propene which forms bonds between nickel atoms and the C=C group, besides the formation of adsorbed allyl type species on nickel.
The Electrokinetic Potential of Titanium Dioxide
Authors: Morimoto Tetsuo , Sakamoto Masashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) The surface property of titanium dioxide has been investigated by measuring the ζ-potential. The ζ-potential of titanium dioxide in water depends on the temperature of the pretreatment, and its sign changes from positive to negative at about 800°C. This fact has been interpreted in terms of the way of the dissociation of hydroxyl groups on the surface of titanium dioxide, the ways of which depend on its modifications. This phenomenon seems to be supported by crystallographic data.
2) The effects of electrolytes on the ζ-potential of titanium dioxide have been studied. Barium has a chloride greater influence on the ζ-potential of titanium dioxide than does potassium chloride or hydrochloric acid. Hydroxide ions have a fairly great influence on the surface of the solid. The effect of sodium triphosphate is extraordinarily great; by the addition of the electrolyte, the positive potentials of titanium dioxide are inverted to negative potentials and the negatively-charged rutile surface becomes more negative, and this development suggests the formation of a complex compound on the surface of titanium dioxide.
Analytical Studies Using the Convection Electrode. VIII. A. C. Polarography with the Pushed-out Mercury Drop Convection Electrode
Authors: Suzuki Junsuke , Ozaki Tokuro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A.C. polarography with the PMDCE has been investigated, using cadmium in 1 m hydrochloric acid.
A satisfactory proportionality between the summit current and the concentration is obtained in the range from 1×10−4 to 2×10−6m, and the summit current obtained with the PMDCE (in the presence of dissolved oxygen at the stirring rate of 600 r.p.m.) for the cadmium depolarizer is about thirty times as large as the corresponding diffusion current obtained with the DME.
The a.c. polarogram obtained with the PMDCE shows a gradual decrease in the summit current as the stirring increases; this decrease is considered to be due to the quasiirreversibility at the electrode reaction because of the increase in the rate of mass transfer caused by the convection. The relation between the summit current and the stirring rate is exponential in the range from 600 to 1200 r.p.m.
Planar Quadri-co-ordinate Complexes of Cobalt(II) with Schiff Bases Derived from Salicylaldehyde
Authors: Nishikawa Hiroaki , Yamada Shoichiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In order to establish the electronic absorption spectra of quadri-co-ordinate, square-planar cobalt(II)-complexes, the absorption spectra of bis(salicylaldehyde)ethylenediiminato- and bis-(salicylaldehyde)propylenediiminato-cobalt(II) in solution have been determined, with the utmost care taken to avoid undesirable oxidation of the complexes. These compounds show characteristic ligand field band, with a comparatively sharp peak in the near-infrared region.
Bis(salicylaldehyde)-α-α′-dimethylethylenediiminato- and bis(salicylaldehyde)-α,α′-diphenylethylenediiminato-cobalt(II) have deen prepared, and their spectra examined. These also show characteristic ligand field bands, with a sharp peak in the near-infrared region.
Bis(salicylaldoximato)- and bis(salicylaldiminato)-cobalt(II) have been prepared, and their spectra examined. On the basis of the results obtained above, it has been concluded that these two complexes take a quadri-co-ordinate, planar configuration.
Semiconducting Properties of Organic Polyiodides
Authors: Kusabayashi Shigekazu , Mikawa Hiroshi , Kawai Shichio , Uchida Madoka , Kiriyama Ryôiti 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) The electrical conductivities of ten organic polyiodides have been measured: tetramethylammonium triiodide, tetramethylammonium pentaiodide, trimethylphenylammonium triiodide, trimethylphenylammonium pentaiodide, trimethylphenylammonium heptaiodide, 1-methyl-2-picolinium triiodide, 1-methyl-2-picolinium pentaiodide, 1-methyl-2-picolinium heptaiodide, 1-methylquinolinium triiodide and 1-methylquinolinium pentaiodide. At the room temperature specific resistivities are 107∼1010Ωcm. and the band-gap energies, as calculated from ρ=ρ0exp(ε⁄2kT), are 1.3∼2.6 eV.
2) Both ε and ρ20 decrease with an increase in the number of iodine atoms in the polyiodide anion, not so much difference in these values being observed with different kinds of cations. The iodine framework in the crystal structure is of primary importance in determining the electrical conductivity.
3) For the trimethylphenylammonium triiodide single crystal, an anisotropy of ε values was observed between the normal direction and the direction parallel to the cleavage plane along the growth axis.
4) Preliminary thermoelectric power measurements show that the majority carrier is the hole.
5) The solid absorption spectra of polyiodides have been measured. The band-gap energy, ε,does not agree with the absorption maximum, being rather near the very beginning of the first absorption.
6) All the polyiodides investigated show a photoconductivity response.
Colloid Chemical Studies of Starching Materials. VI. Viscometric Studies of the Interaction between Polyvinyl Alcohol and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
Authors: Nakagaki Masayuki , Ninomiya Yukiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The intrinsic viscosity and related constants have been measured for polyvinyl alcohol NM-14 and GM-14 in a sodium dodecyl sulfate solution. At a detergent concentration lower than the first critical micelle concentration (0.008n), the viscometric property of the polymer is close to that in distilled water. At an intermediate detergent concentration between the first and the second critical micelle concentration (0.02n), the viscometric property of the polymer is like that of polyelectrolyte, probably because of the electric charges given by detergent anions combined with the polymer. At a detergent concentration higher than the second critical micelle concentration, the intrinsic viscosity of the polymer is high and the polymer combined with the detergent is more extended than in distilled water. The interaction between the polymer and the detergent is very likely due to the contact of hydrophobic parts of the molecules.
The Paramagnetism of “Violanthrone-B”
Authors: Akamatu Hideo , Maekawa Tsuneo , Iida Yôichi , Kinoshita Minoru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The paramagnetic nature of “violanthrone-B” has been studied. The spin concentration in this substance has been determined by the ESR absorption, which is consistent with the value estimated from the magnetic susceptibility and its variation with the temperature. It has been concluded that the molecules of violanthrone-B, in the amount of about 40 per cent of all the molecules, are in a free radical state. It has been suggested, according to the proposed structure of violanthrone-B, that the free radical might result from detaching a hydrogen atom from a peripheral carbon of the tetrahedral type of bonding, which changes thereafter to the trigonal type of bonding.
The Synthesis of Deuterated Polypropylenes
Authors: Murahashi Shunsuke , Nozakura Shun’ichi , Yasufuku Katsutoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The synthesis of propylene-d6 and propylene-1,1,2-d3 has been attempted for the purpose of an infrared spectroscopic study of the isotactic polymers.
Propylene-d6 has been synthesized by the half-deuteration of the propyne-d4 which had been obtained by the hydrolysis of magnesium carbide with deuterium oxide, and propylene-1,1,2-d3 has been synthesized by the reaction of deuterovinyl magnesium bromide and dimethyl sulfate. In the half-reduction of propyne-d1 with a Lindlar catalyst, it was found that an equilibrium between propyne-1-d1 and allene-1-d1 exists on the catalyst.
The polymerization of these monomers was carried out with a Ziegler-Natta catalyst, and isotactic polymers were obtained. In the copolymerization of propylene and propylene- 1,1,2-d3 with a Ziegler-Natta catalyst, it was observed that some of the infrared crystalline sensitive bands of isotactic polypropylene, 1164,998 and 838 cm−1, do not exist (or at least diminish) in the copolymer but do exist in artificial mixtures of the homopolymers. This fact evidently suggests that these infrared bands are due to an intrachain in the crystalline part of the polymer.
An Automatic Adiabatic Calorimeter for Low Temperatures. The Heat Capacity of Standard Benzoic Acid
Authors: Suga Hiroshi , Seki Syûzô 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
An adiabatic calorimeter for the measurements of the heat capacity of a solid and liquid over the temperature range from 13 to 300°K has been constructed. In order to minimize the operating manpower, all the temperature controls were recorded semiautomatically. The energy input was started and stopped automatically by a timer driven by a signal from a transistor clock. The working platinum resistance thermometer was calibrated against a laboratory standard thermometer which had been calibrated by the National Bureau of Standards. In order to verify the performance and the accuracy of this one-man-operated calorimeter, the heat capacity of a Calorimetry Conference Standard sample of benzoic acid crystal has been measured from 15 to 310°K. The results have compared with the data from the NBS and from other laboratories; this comparison served to establish the reliability of this equipment. The estimated errors are ±2% at 20°K, ±1% below 50°K, and ±0.3% above 50°K.
The Calculation of the State Energies of Benzaldehyde. II The SCF Molecular Orbital Method
Authors: Inuzuka K\={o}z\={o} , Yokota Toshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The state energies, charge densities, bond orders and free valences of benzaldehyde have been elucidated by the use of the SCF-MO method with a model of Cs symmetry, including interactions of all the singly-excited configurations. In the singlet state, the numerical values of state energies are more reliable than the previous results, which were derived from the C2v model by the use of Hückel MO. In the triplet state, however, the numerical values of state energies seem to be lower than the previous results.
Asymmetric Hydrogenation with Modified Raney Nickel. V. Studies on the Modified Hydrogenation Catalyst. VI
Authors: Izumi Yoshiharu , Tatsumi Susumu , Imaida Masami , Fukuda Yoshio , Akabori Shiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) The asymmetric activities of Raney nickel catalysts modified with (+)-2-methylglutamic acid or (+)-2-benzylglutamic acid have been formed to be quite different from that of the catalyst modified with l-glutamic acid.
2) Levorotatory methyl 3-hydroxybutyrate is obtained by the catalyst modified with (+)-2-methylglutamic acid, and the dextrorotatory product by the catalyst modified with (+)-2-benzylglutamic acid. With the catalyst modified with l-glutamic acid, however, the direction of optical rotation of the hydrogenation product is much influenced by the pH and by the temperature of the modifying solution.
A Molecular Orbital Treatment of Hydrogen Bonds. I. Preliminary Results
Authors: Morokuma Keiji , Kato Hiroshi , Yonezawa Teijiro , Fukui Kenichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) The changes caused by hydrogen bonds in the electronic structure of several molecules have been discussed by the use of the extended LCAO MO method.
2) The delocalization energy have been calculated to be 3.8 kcal./mol.
3) The frequency shifts in the ultraviolet spectrum cannot be explained.
4) In the formic acid dimer it has clearly been shown that the population transfers from the carbonyl group to the hydroxyl group and that a small bond population arises between them.
5) The 2pπ orbital on the hydrogen atom contributes almost nothing to the π delocalization energy.
6) The π hydrogen bond has also been discussed.
7) The defects in the extended LCAO MO method in treating molecules with polar groups or lone pairs have been pointed out, a method for improvement suggested, and some critical discussion of the present treatment added.
The calculation was carried out on the IBM 7090 at the Japan IBM Co., with the permission of the UNICON Committee, whose kindnees we hereby acknowledge.
Band Structure of Circumanthracene
Authors: Harada Yoshiya , Maruyama Yusei , Inokuchi Hiroo , Matsubara Noriko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The band structure and mobility tensors of circumanthracene have been calculated by the tight-binding band approximation.
The total bandwidths of the compound have been found to be slightly larger than those of anthracene; the total widths of the electron and the hole band being 0.82 kT and 1.22 kT room temperature.
The values of the calculated mobilities for the electron and the hole are comparable in the b and the c′ directions, but the corresponding values in the a direction are smaller by a factor of about 30∼40, reproducing the anisotropy properties of the bandwidths in the reciprocal lattice directions. Thus, the anisotropy of the band structure of the compound is considerably different from that of anthracene. This behaviour may be associated with the differences in their crystal geometry and molecular structure.
The magnitude of the mobility is three times larger than that of anthracene in the b direction, and two or three times larger in the mean, the calculated ratio being roughly in agreement with the experimentally-estimated one. Hence, it has been concluded the sharp drop in the resistivity in going from anthracene to circumanthracene is due mostly to the great increase in the concentrations of charge carriers, 107 times, as a result of the lowering of the energy gap value.
Finally, it has been pointed out that, although circumanthracene is among the largest polycyclic aromatics, judging from the estimated magnitude of the mobility (several cm2/V.sec), the band model may be not satisfactory enough for us to understand the conduction in the crystal.
The Preparation of Optically Active α-C-Substituted Glutamic Acid
Authors: Izumi Yoshiharu , Tatsumi Susumu , Imaida Masami , Fukuda Yoshio , Akabori Shiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) The optical resolution of Dl-2-methylglutamic acid has been performed using brucine as a resolving reagent; the two optically active isomers have been obtained.
2) Dl-2-Benzylglutamic acid has been synthesized using benzyl cyanide and diethyl succinate as the starting materials. Moreover, the optical resolution of this amino acid has been performed using strychinine as a resolving reagent. The two optically active isomers were obtained.
Reactive Fiber. IV. The Graft Copolymerization of Glycidyl Methacrylate onto Polypropylene and Polyvinyl Chloride Fibers
Authors: Iwakura Yoshio , Kurosaki Toshikazu , Nagakubo Kuniharu , Takeda Kenji , Miura Masatoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The graft polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate onto polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride fiber has been carried out by the technique of γ-ray pre-irradiation in vacuo, and the reactions of the grafted fiber with amines have been investigated. In the case of polypropylene, the addition of benzene or tetrahydrofuran to the monomer remarkably increases the grafting rate.
The initial grafting rate is slow in acetone or ethylacetate. The epoxide groups of the grafted polypropylene react with diethanolamine quantitatively, but with methyl glucamine partially, with a yield of 70%. In the case of polyvinyl chloride, benzene or acetonitrile is suitable as a grafting solvent. Graft polymerization proceeds in a narrow range of temperature from 10 to 20°C. Diethanolamine or aniline reacts with yields of 50–60% with the epoxide groups of the grafted polyvinyl chloride. Polyhydroxyamine-treated graft fibers have a good dyeability to both direct and acid dyes.
The Solvent Extraction and Spectrophotometric Determination of Vanadium(V) with Thenoyltrifluoroacetone
Authors: Ikehata Akira , Shimizu Tamako 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The extraction of the vanadium(V)-TTA complex has been studied using various organic solvents. The complex has been extracted quantitatively in isoamyl acetate and n-butyl acetate. The quantitative extraction has been realized within a range from pH 2 to 3, with the absorption maximum at 410 mμ. The mole ratio of the complex is vanadium (V)-1 : 2-TTA, and Beer’s law is applicable in the range from 0 to 10γ/ml. of vanadium(V) at 420 mμ. The solvent effects on the absorption spectra of this complex have also been studied.