bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complement propagates visual system pathology following traumatic brain injury
Authors: Borucki Davis , Rohrer Baerbel , Tomlinson Stephen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with the development of visual system disorders. Visual deficits can present with delay and worsen over time, and may be associated with an ongoing neuroinflammatory response that is known to occur after TBI. Complement activation is strongly associated with the neuroinflammatory response after TBI, but whether it contributes to vision loss after TBI is unexplored.
Methods: Acute and chronic neuroinflammatory changes within the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) and retina were investigated subsequent to murine controlled unilateral cortical impact. Neuroinflammatory and histopathological data were interpreted in the context of behavioral and visual function data. To investigate the role of complement, cohorts were treated after TBI with the complement inhibitor, CR2-Crry.
Results: At 3 days after TBI, complement C3 was deposited on retinogeniculate synapses in the dLGN both ipsilateral and contralateral to the lesion, which was reduced in CR2-Crry treated animals. This was associated with microglia morphological changes in both the ipsilateral and contralateral dLGN, with a more amoeboid phenotype in vehicle compared to CR2-Crry treated animals. Microglia in vehicle treated animals also had a greater internalized VGlut2+ synaptic volume after TBI compared to CR2-Crry treated animals. Microglia morphological changes seen acutely persisted for at least 49 days after injury. Complement inhibition also reduced microglial synaptic internalization in the contralateral dLGN and increased the association between VGLUT2 and PSD95 puncta, indicating preservation of intact synapses. Unexpectedly, there were no changes in the thickness of the inner retina, retinal nerve fiber layer or retinal ganglion layer. Pathologies were accompanied by reduced visual acuity at subacute and chronic time points after TBI, with improvement seen in CR2-Crry treated animals.
Conclusion:TBI induces complement activation within the dLGN and promotes microglial activation and synaptic internalization. Complement inhibition after TBI in a clinically relevant paradigm reduces complement activation, maintains a more surveillance-like microglia phenotype, and preserves synaptic density within the dLGN. Together, the data indicate that complement plays a key role in the development of visual deficits after TBI via complement-dependent microglial phagocytosis of synapses within the dLGN.
Inferior Vena Cava Injuries: Are we doing what we really must?
Authors: de Carvalho Rodrigo Barros , Jimenez Laísa Simakawa , Pedro Renato Nardi , Calderan Thiago Rodrigues , Kruger Vitor Favali , Mantovani Mario Eduardo de Faria , Fraga Gustavo Pereira 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose: The Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) is one of the most frequent injured intraabdominal vessels and its treatment requires prompt action.
Despite advances in reanimation in last decades, there has not been proportional improvement in IVC mortality.
This report aims to discuss the mortality predictive factors including the adherence to balanced reanimation and damage control surgery (DCS) in daily trauma assistance, their repercussions on outcomes, comparing our institution outcomes to literature.
Methods: Retrospective design analysis database records of trauma patients at Clinic Hospital of University of Campinas (HC-Unicamp) were performed to investigate IVC injuries patients with emphasis on the mortality predictive factors.
Results: 74 patients were identified with IVC injury from January 1990 to August 2017. The mechanism predominant was penetrating with 87,8% (76,3% Gunshot). On arrival, 37,8% of all victims was hypotensive and the ISS median was 24,5. Regarding location of IVC, 68,5% were infrarenal, 12,2% were suprarenal, 18,9% retrohepatic. Simple repair was performed in 60,8%. Ligation was in 27% and atriocaval shunt was in 4,1%. There was not enough time to specific procedure in 8,1%. Associated intraabdominal injuries were present in 97,3%, and the mean of transfusional requirements was 9,1± 6,9 packed red blood cells. The overall mortality rate was 52.7%, with a mortality rate for infrarenal injuries of 39,2%. The DCS was adopted in 33,8% with 68% of mortality.
Conclusion: A solid comprehension of shock reanimation has progressively been disseminated; however, trauma care professionals must assure that they are being applied with balanced reanimation and DCS.
Study on improving the resistance of indica thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) line by using the broad-spectrum blast resistance gene Pi-ja
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zhang Aifang , Jiang Jianhua , Dang Xiaojing , Wang Dezheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
At present, it is one of the common methods to seek and utilize the broad-spectrum resistance genes to improve the resistance of breeding parents to rice blast. In this study, a japonica rice line 7001S containing a broad-spectrum Pi-ja gene resistant to rice blast was used as a female parent to hybridize with five indica thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) lines, Guangmo S, Xiner S, WA918S, W226S and W869S, respectively, using SSR marker RM27322 to identify Pi-ja genotypes, five indica TGMS lines containing a broad spectrum Pi-ja resistance gene to rice blast were established. Furthermore, the five indica TGMS lines with a broad-spectrum Pi-ja resistance gene were used to cross with restorer lines R2877, R900 and PR6547, the correlation between rice blast at seedling stage and panicle stage and the increase of plot yield were studied. The results showed that the resistance of TGMS lines and their combinations with and without Pi-ja gene were significantly different. Pi-ja gene could significantly enhance the resistance of TGMS lines to rice blast at seedling stage and panicle stage. Further plot yield tests showed that for combinations with or without Pi-ja gene, the correlation between panicle blast resistance variation and plot yield (r = 0.436, P = 0.157) was significantly higher than that between seedling blast resistance variation and plot yield (r = 0.130, p = 0.687). This study provides a technical basis for the breeding of rice varieties with broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast by molecular marker-assisted selection.
T cell immune status in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A case-control study
Authors: Xiong Xiao-feng , Zhu Min , Wu Hong-xia , Wu Zuo-hong , Fan Li-li , Cheng De-yun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Immune inflammatory response plays an important role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the cellular immune status of patients with COPD at different phases is unclear. Herein, we aim to investigate the distribution and functional status of T cell subsets in different phases of COPD (acute exacerbation of COPD [AECOPD] and stable COPD [SCOPD]).
Methods
This is an observational case-control study undertaken in West China Hospital. The distribution of T cell subsets in peripheral blood of AECOPD, SCOPD, and healthy controls (HCs) was measured using multi-color flow cytometry, and the functional status was analyzed by additional staining of activation markers.
Results
A total of 43 HCs, 43 SCOPD patients, and 64 AECOPD patients were evaluated. The total number and percentage of lymphocytes and the CD4+/CD8 + T cells ratio were significantly lower in AECOPD patients when compared to HCs. HLA-DR expression in CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD8 + TCR aβ, and CD4 + TCR aβ T cells was upregulated in the AECOPD group. Similarly, the expressions of HLA-DR, CD57, and PD-1 were higher in T cell subsets in the AECOPD group. Compared with the SCOPD and HC groups, the AECOPD had a significantly lower proportion of CD4 + CD27 + CD28 + T cells, but opposite results were found for CD4 + CD27-CD28- T cells. In addition, the proportion of CD4 + CD39 + T cells and CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 + T cells was significantly higher in the AECOPD and SCOPD groups when compared to the HC group (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The distribution of nearly half the T cell subsets in AECOPD patients was significantly different from that in SCOPD patients and HCs. AECOPD patients may have cellular immune suppression, immune dysfunction, abnormal activation, and higher senescence depletion of T cells.
Trial Registration:
The study has been registered in the China Clinical Trials Registry on September 19, 2018 (ChiCTR1800018452).
Optical Tamm states in 2D nanostructured magnetophotonic structures
Authors: Mathmann Baptiste , Haidar Oumaima , Talbi Abdelkrim , Tiercelin Nicolas , Mir Abdallah , Boudouti El Houssaine El , Rouhani Bahram Djafari , Lévêque Gaëtan , Akjouj Abdellatif , Dusch Yannick 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We numerically explore optical Tamm states (OTS) supported by a photonic structure composed of a nanostructured metallic layer on top of a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR). Several polarizations, incidences and patterning are assessed to map OTS and their properties. We then gain magnetic control of the OTS by adding a cobalt layer below the metal pattern and switching its magnetization. This control, widely used in plasmonics, takes advantage of the Transverse Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect (TMOKE). The simulated TMOKE signal of this structure has an amplitude of the order of 10-3 and, compared to conventional magnetoplasmonic structures, provides high energy confinement between the metal stripes. In addition to the opening of the metallic layer that allows better access of the analyte to the sensitive area, this paves the way for higher sensitivities in bio- and chemical sensing applications.
Interleukin-35: A key player in chronic inflammatory Type 1 and autoimmune diabetes
Authors: Bala Asis , Chakraborty Ratul , Mukherjee Ashis K. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Interleukin-35 (IL-35) is a protein that was recently discovered and is composed of IL-12α and IL-27β chains. It is produced by the IL12A and EBI3 genes. Interest in the study of IL-35 has grown significantly in recent years, as evidenced by numerous scientific publications. Clinical research has revealed that patients who are negative for C-peptide have significantly lower serum levels of IL-35, which is accompanied by a decrease in the proportion of IL-35+ Treg cells, regulatory B cells, and CD8+ FOXP3+ cells that produce IL-35. This article highlights the potential importance of IL-35 expression in regulating the immune response and its role in chronic inflammatory Type 1 and autoimmune diabetes in the context of pancreatic inflammation, including its ability to control cytokine proportions, regulate B cells, and provide protection against autoimmune diabetes. Nonetheless, additional research is required to determine the exact mechanism of IL-35, and clinical trials must be carefully planned.
Left coronary artery to main pulmonary artery fistula in a dog
Authors: Agudelo CF , Lukac B , Bockay A , Vargova N , Kackova G , Figurova M , Hornak S 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A vascular communication between the left coronary artery and the main pulmonary artery (coronary fistula) was diagnosed as an incidental finding in a 3-year-old female Tatran hound by echocardiography as part of preanesthetic evaluation. The history, clinical examination, and diagnostic imaging did not reveal evidence of trauma or endocarditis which could have led to this condition. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed dilation of the left coronary sinus secondary to an abnormal vessel shunting blood into the main pulmonary artery. Computed tomography confirmed this diagnosis. Coronary artery fistula is a very rare finding in human and animals. According to the authors, this is the first clinical case of a congenital fistula between the left coronary artery and the main pulmonary artery in a dog.
Detection and analysis of Short Linear Motif based protein-protein interactions with SLiMAn2 web server
Authors: Mezghrani Alexandre , SIMON Juliette , Reys Victor , Labesse Gilles 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Interactomics is bringing a deluge of data regarding protein-protein interactions (PPIs) which are involved in various molecular processes in all types of cells. However, this information does not easily translate into direct and precise molecular interfaces. This limits our understanding of each interaction network and prevents their efficient modulation. A lot of the detected interactions involve recognition of short linear motifs (SLiMs) by a folded domain while others rely on domain-domain interactions. Functional SLiMs hide among a lot of spurious ones, making deeper analysis of interactomes tedious. Hence, actual contacts and direct interactions are difficult to identify.
Consequently, there is a need for user-friendly bioinformatic tools, enabling rapid molecular and structural analysis of SLiM-based PPIs in a protein network. In this chapter, we describe the use of the new webserver SLiMAn to help digging into SLiM-based PPIs in an interactive fashion.
Effect of an acute bout of high- vs. low-intensity physical exercise on attentional networks.
Authors: Sanchis-Navarro Enrique , Luna Fernando Gabriel , Lupiañez Juan , Huertas Florentino 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The effects of physical exercise on attentional performance have received considerable interest in recent years. Most of previous studies that assessed the effect of an acute bout of exercise on attentional performance have generally been approached by analysing single attentional functions in isolation, thus ignoring the functioning of other attentional functions, which characterizes the real perception-action environmental conditions. Here, we investigated the effect of two different intensities (low vs. high) of acute exercise on attentional performance by using the ANTI-Vea, a behavioral task that simultaneously measures three attentional functions (phasic alertness, orienting, and cognitive control) and the executive and arousal components of vigilance. 30 participants completed three experimental sessions: the first one to assess their physical fitness and baseline performance in the ANTI-Vea, and the other two sessions to assess changes in attentional and vigilance performance after an acute bout of high- vs. low-intensity physical exercise (in a counterbalanced order between participants). Beneficial effects on some accuracy scores (i.e., overall higher accuracy in the attentional sub-task and fewer false alarms in the executive vigilance sub-task) were observed in the low-intensity exercise condition compared to baseline and high-intensity. Additionally, the RT score of phasic alertness was increased after the low-intensity exercise in comparison with baseline. The present findings suggest that a bout of acute exercise at low-intensity might induce some short-term beneficial effects on some aspects of attention and vigilance.
Family-Friendly Work Conditions and Participation in Paid Work among Malaysian Women
Authors: (surname) Nadirah (given name) Mat Pozian , Miller Yvette D , Mays Jenni 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Family-friendly work conditions (FFWCs) are designed to improve women’s engagement in paid employment. We conducted an online survey to assess the extent to which accessibility and use of eleven specificFFWCs were associated with paid work participation among Malaysian women with young children (N = 215). Availability of FFWCs was not associated with work participation. Utilisation of paid maternity leave was positively associated with work participation, after accounting for potential confounders. Future research is needed to confirm FFWCs impact on women’s work participation, in samples that adequately represent informally employed women and those who have left paid work.
Many-objective Optimization Algorithm Based on the Similarity Principle and Multi-mechanism Collaborative Search
Authors: Gan Wei , Li Hongye , Hao Pengpeng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In order to efficiently solve many-objective optimization problems and maintain a good distribution of solutions, an evolutionary algorithm based on the elimination of similar individuals (ESEA) is proposed in this paper. Considering that environmental selection based on Pareto- dominance relations often yields a small number of dominance-resistant individuals (DRIs), which are difficult to be eliminated naturally during the algorithm iteration process, these DRIs can significantly impact the algorithm's performance. To enhance convergence and stability, ESEA proposes a method to suppress the generation of DRIs by introducing a redundant protection mechanism. Through the elimination of distance-similar individuals in 2D or 3D objective spaces, the ESEA can effectively remove high-density individuals to maintain population diversity and good distribution. By introducing the ISDE+ indicator and eliminating angle-similar individuals in high-dimensional objective spaces, the proposed ESEA can mitigate premature convergence and promote exploration across different regions of the search space, thereby enhancing the likelihood of discovering diverse and potentially superior solutions.
The proposed algorithm is compared with five state-of-the-art optimizers on 21 test problems. The experimental results demonstrate the promising performance of the proposed algorithm while effectively searching for the ideal Pareto front. It is evident that eliminating similar individuals and performing multiple mechanism joint searches can enhance the selection pressure towards the ideal Pareto front. Furthermore, the proposed ESEA can not only find a set of well-distributed points on the entire Pareto-optimal front, but also effectively maintain boundary solutions very well.
The effect of COVID-19 disease on patients diagnosed with skin cancer in the dermatology clinic
Authors: Alyanak Alper , Aktaş Nurhan Döner , Emir Büşra , Güray Türkan , Yazıcı Ayşe 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to define the impact of the pandemic on patients presenting to dermatology clinic with skin cancer.
Methods: In our study, the characteristics of patients who attended our dermatology clinic before six months and after six months of March 11, 2020, and whose biopsies diagnosed as basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and malignant melanoma (MM) were evaluated and compared regarding before and after COVID-19 pandemic
Results: Patients with BCC attending to the dermatology clinic were found to be younger in the pandemic period (p<0.05). Gender, duration of skin tumors, primary lesions, and their locations were found to be not statistically significant (p>0.05).
Conclusion:Patients with suspicious skin lesions could be encouraged to visit a hospital with appropriate COVID-19 protection. Alternatively, teledermatology could be used to evaluate whether the lesions should be excised or biopsied.
Factors associated with Virological non-suppression among adult PLHIV after receiving Intensive Adherence Counseling at Taso Mbale, Eastern Uganda: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Apio Alice , Soita David Jonah , Masaba JP , Matovu JKB , Mukunya David , Ojera Samuel 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: According to the Joint United Nations Program (JUNP) on HIV/AIDS through the ambitious 95-95-95 target, 95% of people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral treatment (ART) should be virally suppressed. Viral load (VL) non-suppression has been found to be associated with ART adherence, and intensive adherence counseling (IAC) has been shown to lead to VL re-suppression by over 70% in PLHIV on ART. Although Uganda has employed the IAC intervention program since 2015, there is paucity of research data on HIV viral load non-suppression after IAC.
Methodology: This was a Cross-sectional study, conducted in TASO Mbale. Data were abstracted for all clients with non-suppressed viral load between Jan 2018 to August 2021 from the TASO Mbale program database and various parameters were considered. These parameters included the IACs done, the repeat VL done, presence of an opportunistic infection, sex, age, and the current regimen. A client was considered to have a non-virological status if there were >1000 copies of CD4 cells. The clients were followed for a maximum period of 43 months. A total of 13428 person months was observed for different periods. The data were then analyzed using statistical software Stata version 14. Bivariate analysis was done for all covariates. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated as a degree of association between viral non-suppression and client features, via a Cox proportional hazards regression.
Results: A total of 442 PLHIV after IAC were enrolled, of whom 60 (13.6%) had VL non suppression following IAC. The overall rate of VL non-suppression was 4.47 (3.41-5.75) per 1000 person-months (PM) of observation after IAC. ART regimen was statistically significant with viral load suppression especially DTG-3TC-LPV/r based regimen had (AHR=5.78, 95%CI, 1.137-29.384, p=0.034). Poor adherence level to ART had significant contribution to viral load non-suppression (AHR=4.88, 95%CI: 1. 607-14.836, p=0.005).
Conclusion: Virological non-suppression after IAC was found at 13.6% and associated with patients’ poor adherence level. Viral load suppression was associated with DTG-3TC-LPV/r and AZT-3TC-LPV/r based regimens. The findings lend a huge boost towards the third UNAIDS target of 95%.
Progression of the faecal microbiome in preweaning dairy calves that develop cryptosporidiosis
Authors: Hares Miriam F , Griffiths Bethany E , Barningham Liam , Vamos Ecaterina E , Gregory Richard , Duncan Jennifer S , Oikonomou Georgios , Stewart Christopher J , Coombes Janine L 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background Cryptosporidiosis is a diarrheal disease that commonly affects calves under 6-weeks-old. The causative agent, Cryptosporidium parvum, has been associated with the abundance of specific taxa in the faecal microbiome during active infection. However, the long-term impact of these microbiome shifts, and potential effects on calf growth and health have not yet been explored.
Methods 346 calves from three dairy farms had one faecal swab collected during the first week of life (W1). Thereafter, sampled calves were monitored for diarrhoeal disease and those that suffered a diarrhoea event were tested for C. parvumby lateral flow test (LFT). Calves that experienced diarrhoea and tested positive for C. parvum by LFT were assigned to the Cryptosporidium-positive (Cp+) group (n=32). Matched healthy (H) controls with no history of diarrhoea were selected from the remaining cohort (n=33). The selected subset of calves (n=65) were observed until weaning, collecting a faecal swab, at approximately Week 5 (W5) and Week 10 (W10) after birth, resulting in a total of 191 samples (W1; n=65, W5; n=64, W10; n=62). 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed on all extracted samples.
Results Analysis of the longitudinal microbiome showed significant changes in the microbial diversity and composition across all three time points. Whilst Firmicuteswere elevated in the Cp+ group at W5 compared to the H group, no other significant differences were detected between H and Cp+ groups. Whilst the core microbiota showed some taxa were exclusive to each group, the role of these taxa in health and disease has yet to be determined. Antibiotics were also found to have an impact on the relative abundance of some taxa. Though there was a difference in daily live weight gain between H and Cp+ groups, it did not reach significance at either W5 and W10, suggesting that Cp+ calves can catch up to their healthy counterparts once the infection has resolved.
Conclusions The findings of this study illustrate the changes in the microbial diversity and composition during the preweaning period in dairy calves. The results also indicate that the faecal microbiome is not predictive of cryptosporidiosis and imply that cryptosporidiosis doesn’t cause long-term gut dysbiosis. This study furthers our understanding of the parasite-microbiome relationship and its impact on the bovine host.