bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Absorption, metabolism and excretion of Choladi green tea flavan‐3‐ols by humans
Authors: Stalmach Angélique , Troufflard Stéphanie , Serafini Mauro , Crozier Alan 
Published: October 2008

AbstractTen healthy human subjects consumed 500 mL of Choladi green tea, containing 648 μmol of flavan‐3‐ols after which plasma and urine were collected over a 24 h period and analysed by HPLC‐MS. Plasma contained a total of ten metabolites, in the form of O‐methylated, sulphated and glucuronide conjugates of (epi)catechin and (epi)gallocatechin, with 29–126 nM peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) occurring 1.6–2.3 h after ingestion, indicative of absorption in the small intestine. Plasma also contained unmetabolised (–)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate and (–)‐epicatechin‐3‐gallate with respective Cmax values of 55 and 25 nM. Urine excreted 0–24 h after consumption of green tea contained 15 metabolites of (epi)catechin and (epi)gallocatechin, but (–)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate and (–)‐epicatechin‐3‐gallate were not detected. Overall flavan‐3‐ol metabolite excretion was equivalent to 8.1% of intake, however, urinary (epi)gallocatechin metabolites corresponded to 11.4% of (epi)gallocatechin ingestion while (epi)catechin metabolites were detected in amounts equivalent to 28.5% of (epi)catechin intake. These findings imply that (epi)catechins are highly bioavailable, being absorbed and excreted to a much greater extent than most other flavonoids. It is also evident that flavan‐3‐ol metabolites are rapidly turned over in the circulatory system and as a consequence Cmax values are not an accurate quantitative indicator of the extent to which absorption occurs.
Performance of some metaheuristic algorithms for localization in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Gopakumar Aloor , Jacob Lillykutty 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIn this paper we propose two novel and computationally efficient metaheuristic algorithms based on tabu search (TS) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) principles for locating the sensor nodes in a distributed wireless sensor network (WSN) environment. The WSN localization problem is formulated as a non‐linear optimization problem with mean squared range error resulting from noisy distance measurement as the objective function. Unlike gradient descent methods, both TS and PSO methods ensure minimization of the objective function without the solution being trapped into local optima. We further implement a refinement phase with error propagation control for improvement of the results. The performance of the proposed algorithms are compared with each other and also against simulated annealing based WSN localization. The effects of range measurement error, anchor node density and uncertainty in the anchor node position on localization performance are also studied through various simulations. The simulation results establish better accuracy, computational efficiency and convergence characteristics for TS and PSO methods. Further, the efficacy of the proposed methods is verified with data collected from an experimental sensor network reported in the literature. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A modified reliable distance algorithm for octree‐encoded objects
Authors: Dyllong Eva , Grimm Cornelius 
Published: October 2008

AbstractAmong other approaches, such as implicit surfaces, constructive solid geometry and boundary representations, octrees provide a powerful technique for the geometric modeling of rigid objects. A multibody system can be modeled with a composition of octrees for efficient collision detection or collision prevention applications. In this paper, we provide an algorithm for a reliable distance calculation of octree‐encoded objects. The algorithm is based on previous algorithms by Dyllong and Luther [2, 3] and has running times that are considerably shorter in different case scenarios. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Direct and inverse modeling for stochastic passive microbead rheology
Authors: Hohenegger Christel , Forest M. Gregory 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe need in biology to understand the rheological properties of cells, tissues, membranes, and biological liquids, has led to new techniques in microrheology, where passive bead tracking is the fundamental probe of viscoelastic properties. We present stochastic methods for direct and inverse characterization based on noisy time series associated with either one or multiple beads, focusing on the distinctions in bead statistics due to bead‐bead hydrodynamic interactions versus the ratio of bead separation distance and bead radii. Our modeling combines the seminal works of Mason & Weitz for single bead statistics and of Crocker‐Levine‐Lubensky for 2‐bead statistics, together with the recent methods of the authors on direct and inverse simulation tools for generalized Langevin equations. The aim is to develop statistically accurate and fast direct simulation tools for bead‐bead fluctuations, and then inversion methods derived from maximum likelihood methods and the Kalman filter. The application is to support experiments by R. Superfine and D. Hill and for characterization and simulations of transport mechanisms in lung airway surface liquids within the Virtual Lung Project at UNC Chapel Hill. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Computing the characteristic values of partial retarded functional differential equations
Authors: Breda Dimitri , Maset Stefano , Vermiglio Rossana 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe stability of an equilibrium point of a dynamical system is determined by the position in the complex plane of the so‐called characteristic values of the linearization around the equilibrium. This work presents an approach for the computation of characteristic values of partial differential equations of evolution involving time delay, based on a coupled pseudospectral‐spectral method. Convergence of computed values is of infinite order with respect to the pseudospectral discretization and of finite order with respect to the spectral one. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optimal reclamation of polluted rivers
Authors: Alvarez‐Vázquez L.J. , Martínez A. , Vázquez‐Méndez M.E. , Vilar M. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThis work uses mathematical modelling and numerical optimization to obtain the optimal purification of a polluted section of a river, by finding the minimum quantity of water to be injected into the river in order to purify it up to a fixed level. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Parameter identification for a two‐scale model of reactive transport in porous media – some first steps
Authors: Meier Sebastian , Böhm Michael 
Published: October 2008

AbstractWe formulate a mathematical setting for recovering microscopic parameters from macroscopic measurements by means of a two‐scale model. The model describes reaction and diffusion of a chemical substance in two phases of a porous medium. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Assimilation of remote sensed data for river hydraulic simulations
Authors: Monnier Jérôme , Honnorat Marc , Lai Xijun , Dimet Francois‐Xavier Le 
Published: October 2008

AbstractWe present variational data assimilation methods applied to river hydraulics, especially when flooding. We consider two kinds of configurations. First, if observations are lagrangian trajectories (either extracted from videos or GPS drifting buoys); second, if observations include one satellite image of flood plain. Numerical results (with synthetic or real data) are presented. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Experimental validation of a viscoelastic material model for numerical simulation of the extrusion process of rubber blends
Authors: Müllner Herbert W. , Wieczorek André , Petracek Pia I. , Eberhardsteiner Josef 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe goal of this contribution is the validation of a viscoelastic material model, which allows consideration of the interaction of the typical swelling behavior of viscoelastic fluids and the shear rate dependent viscosity of industrial used rubber blends in the context of an extrusion process. With this knowledge more realistic numerical simulations of the die swell phenomenon and its influence on the resulting profile geometry are possible. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A parallel eigenvalue problem solver for computational nanoelectronics
Authors: Naumov Maxim , Sameh Ahmed 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA new parallel eigenvalue solver for finding the interior eigenvalues of a standard Hermitian eigenvalue problem arising in atomistic simulations in nanoelectronics is presented. It is based on the Tracemin algorithm which finds the p smallest eigenpairs of a generalized Hermitian eigenvalue problem. The original problem is modified using spectrum folding or a quadratic mapping so that the interior eigenvalues are mapped onto the smallest or the largest, respectively. In the latter case the solution of systems in every iteration of Tracemin is avoided and Chebyshev polynomials are used to speedup convergence. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Criterium for the gradient catastrophe for the non‐isentropic gas dynamics equations in the one dimensional case
Authors: Rozanova Olga 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA method to describe the motion of non‐isentropic polytropic gas by means of integral functionals is proposed. They are as a matter of fact the integrals of the solution components over a material volume. Included among the functionals are the kinetic and potential energies, impulse, momentum of mass, and a number of specific integrals. These integral functionals are functions of time and satisfy to a system of ODE, which is closed provided we consider a linear velocity field. In 1D case the system can be reduced to a certain nonlinear second order ODE for the first derivative in space of velocity. The problem about the data yielding the gradient catastrophe (the unboundedness of the solution gradients) can be reduced to the problem of blow‐up of the solutions to the latter equation. This problem can be completely solved, so, the criterium of the gradient catastrophe can be obtained. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Stabilizing the Burnett fluid dynamics equations
Authors: Söderholm Lars H. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractCombining multple time expansion and Hilbert expansion, the wellknown difficulties of the Hilbert expansion are overcome. Here it is shown also that the resulting equations to second order in the Knudsen number can be summed and a set of equations are obtained which does not suffer from the Bobylev instability (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A semi‐smooth Newton method for an inverse problem in option pricing
Authors: Düring Bertram 
Published: October 2008

AbstractWe present an optimal control approach using a Lagrangian framework to identify local volatility functions from given option prices. We employ a globalized sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm and implement a line search strategy. The linear‐quadratic optimal control problems in each iteration are solved by a primal‐dual active set strategy which leads to a semi‐smooth Newton method. We present first‐ and second‐order analysis as well as numerical results. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Active control of combustion instability using fuel flow modulation
Authors: Guyot Daniel , Bothien Mirko R. , Moeck Jonas P. , Paschereit C. O. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractPhase‐shift control was applied to an atmospheric premix combustor test rig equipped with a swirl‐stabilized burner by modulating the pilot fuel flow. The employed closed loop control circuit incorporated condenser microphones recording the pressure oscillations inside the combustion chamber and valves controlling the fuel mass flow. The microphone signals were processed and command signals were sent to the valves. The rms of the pressure oscillations was reduced by up to 12 dB, the peak amplitude by up to 20 dB. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Influence of the bottom undulation on surface waves in thin film flow
Authors: Heining Christian , Wierschem Andreas , Aksel Nuri 
Published: October 2008

AbstractWe study gravity‐driven viscous thin films flowing down an undulated plane. Applying the integral boundary‐layer method we derive a set of two coupled PDEs for the film thickness and the flow rate. The steady state solution shows linear and nonlinear resonance. Based on this analytical solution we carry out a stability analysis with respect to surface waves and study wave generation and annihilation for time dependent flow. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Linearized description of the flow of a vapor with condensation and evaporation through a micro‐porous membrane
Authors: Loimer Thomas 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIt is shown that a fluid which flows through a micro‐porous membrane and which is in a state of saturated vapor upstream of the porous membrane condenses fully or partially and re‐evaporates further downstream. Several types of flow can occur. Either liquid, a two‐phase mixture or vapor flow through a part or all of the membrane. The dimensionless groups characterizing the flow process are given and a flow map is drawn to show the conditions under which the different types of flow occur. For a specific case, the mass flux is calculated according to the description presented here and a comparison is made with experimental data and with an isothermal description of the flow. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Quaternions and applications
Authors: Pinotsis D. A. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThis note gives an overview of two novel applications of Quaternions which appeared in [1]–[3]: First, the evaluation of certain three dimensional real integrals without integrating with respect to the real variables. This is the generalisation of the well‐known Cauchy Residue Theorem from the case of two dimensions to the case of four dimensions. Second, the solution of boundary value problems for linear elliptic PDEs in four dimensions. This is the extension of some of the results of [4] from two to four dimensions. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Radiation problem of normal stress loading of bore surface
Authors: Snitser A.R. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe radiation of elastic waves at normal harmonic stress loading of a ring strip of the cylindrical bore‐surface in the infinite elastic medium is considered. The wave field is represented by contour integrals. By using the saddle‐point method stress and displacement of asymptotic expansions in the far field were obtained. It is shown that in the far field P‐waves bring radial displacements and stresses, and perpendicular to these, displacements and stresses are caused by S‐waves. In the paper orientation diagrams of radial and circular displacements and frequency dependencies of relative distribution of radiation power source on types of waves are presented. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Atomistic modelling in metrology: algorithms and current challenges
Authors: Sokhan V. P. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractMathematical modelling plays an increasingly important role in measurement science where many problems of fundamental and practical importance require solutions at meso‐ and nano‐scales. In quantum and materials metrology atomistic simulation has developed to a level where it is competing in accuracy with laboratory measurements. This article gives a brief overview of current applications of atomistic simulation to problems of metrology. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Databases for pediatric medicine research in Europe—assessment and critical appraisal
Authors: Neubert Antje , Sturkenboom Miriam CJM , Murray Macey L. , Verhamme Katia MC , Nicolosi Alfredo , Giaquinto Carlo , Ceci Adriana , Wong Ian CK 
Published: October 2008

AbstractPurposeTo identify and describe European health care databases that can be used for pediatric pharmacoepidemiological research.MethodsA web‐based survey was conducted among all European databases that were listed on the website of the International Society of Pharmacoepidemiology (ISPE) and/or known by an expert group. The survey comprised of questions regarding (a) the nature of the database, (b) database size, (c) demographic, clinical and drug related data provided, (d) cost, and (e) accessibility of the database.ResultsA total of 25 data sources from 12 European countries were identified and invited to participate in the survey. Responses were obtained from 21 (84%) databases located in 10 different European countries. Seventeen databases were included in the assessment comprising a total of at least 9 million children aged 0–18 years. The majority of databases are based on outpatient data and all keep either prescription or drug dispensing data. Ten databases are based on electronic patient records from primary care physicians and five databases are predominantly claims oriented. Three databases do not belong to either of the above mentioned categories. Almost all of the databases can be used for pediatric drug utilization studies. For drug safety studies it is more appropriate to use electronic patient record databases because of the available clinical information and the potential to obtain additional information.ConclusionsThere are many European healthcare databases providing an enormous potential for pediatric pharmacoepidemiological research. Future research should focus on methods to bring data from different databases together to use the full capacity effectively. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pd‐complex‐catalyzed synthesis of oligomers having a recurring benzodiazaborole unit in the main chain
Authors: Yamaguchi Isao , Tominaga Tomochika , Sato Moriyuki 
Published: October 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Rigid‐rod oligomers and polymers comprising a recurring benzodiazaborole unit show high thermal stability and intriguing optical and electrochemical properties due to the expanded electron system through the BC and BN bonds in the main chain by the use of the pz orbital on boron. However, the conventional method for the preparation of these oligomers and polymers often requires polycondensation under severe conditions. In this study, we report the synthesis of oligomers comprising a recurring benzodiazaborole unit using the Stille reaction under mild conditions. In addition, we describe their chemical properties and solid‐state structures.RESULTS: The reaction of 3,3′‐diaminobenzidine with 4‐bromophenylboronic acid and benzeneboronic acid yielded 2,2′‐bis(4‐bromophenyl)‐2,3,2′,3′‐tetrahydro‐1H,1′H‐[5,5′]bi(benzo[1,3,2]diazaborolyl) (1) and 2,2′‐biphenyl‐2,3,2′,3′‐tetrahydro‐1H,1′H‐[5,5′]bi(benzo[1,3,2]diazaborolyl), respectively. Pd‐complex‐catalyzed polycondensation of 1 with bis(tributyltin) and bis(tributylstannyl)acetylene in N,N‐dimethylformamide provided oligomers comprising a recurring benzodiazaborole unit in 98 and 97% yields, respectively.CONCLUSION: The oligomers comprising a recurring benzodiazaborole unit were obtained under mild reaction conditions in high yields. The expansion of the electron system through the BC and BN bonds of the oligomers was confirmed by UV‐visible spectroscopy. The oligomers were photoluminescent in solution and electrochemically active in a film, and they assumed self‐assembled stacked structures in the solid state. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Utilization of common ditch vegetation in the reduction of fipronil and its sulfone metabolite
Authors: Kröger Robert , Moore Matt T 
Published: October 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Fipronil, a phenylpyrazole insecticide, and its oxidative sulfone metabolite are two potential pollutants from treated rice and cotton production. A consequence of these pollutants occurring in surface runoff is degradation of downstream aquatic ecosystems. Utilization of primary intercept drainage ditches as management practices to reduce fipronil concentrations and loads has not been examined. This study used ditch mesocosms planted with monospecific stands of common emergent wetland vegetation to determine if certain plant species were more proficient in fipronil mitigation.RESULTS: Three replicates of four plant species were compared against a non‐vegetated control to determine differences in water column outflow concentrations (µg L−1) and loads (µg). There were no significant differences between vegetated and control treatments in outflow concentrations (F = 0.35, P = 0.836) and loads (F = 0.35, P = 0.836). The range of fipronil reduction was 28–45% for both concentration and load. Unlike fipronil, fipronil sulfone concentrations and load increased by 96–328%.CONCLUSION: The increase in fipronil sulfone was hypothesized as a direct consequence of oxidation of fipronil within each mesocosm. The type of ditch vegetation had no effect on fipronil reduction. Future research needs to examine initial concentrations and hydraulic retention times to examine potential changes in reduction capacities. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Antioxidative and antiinflammatory potential of different functional drink concepts in vitro
Authors: Dartsch Peter C. , Kler Adolf , Kriesl Erwin 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe present study was undertaken to investigate the antioxidative effects of three different functional drink concepts especially designed to improve the body's performance and function and to possess high antioxidant activities. The concepts based on the mixture of various plant ingredients were: (1) eQ – equalize your nutrient balance, brain line [acerola‐dragon fruit], (2) eQ – equalize your nutrient balance, beauty line [honey‐pepper] and (3) Let's get red [intense]. By using a cell‐based test assay, the study investigated the potential of the functional drinks to inactivate reactive superoxide anion radicals generated by inflammation‐mediating cells as well as the effect on basal metabolism of these cells (antioxidant and antiinflammatory potential). In addition, by using a cell‐free test assay the potential of the drinks to inactivate free exogenous superoxide anion radicals (scavenger effect) was investigated. The data presented here demonstrate the different radical scavenging, antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory potential of the functional drink concepts. In particular Let's get red [intense] turned out to be the most potent drink in this respect and demonstrated marked efficacy in scavenging, antioxidant and antiinflammatory action. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.