bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Receptors for sheep erythrocytes (E) and erythrocyte‐antibody‐complement complexes (EAC) on the lymphoblasts of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Nakazawa Shinpei , Minowada Jun , Sinks Lucius F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo cell‐surface markers, rosette formation with sheep erythrocytes (E‐rosette) as a T‐cell marker and rosette formation with bovine erythrocyte‐antibody‐complement complex (EAC‐rosette) as a B‐cell marker were determined on peripheral blood lymphocytes and lymphoblasts from normal and 89 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).In the majority of the patients (12/15 untreated patients and 6/11 patients in relapse), lymphoblasts exhibited neither E‐ nor EAC‐rosette formation. Lymphoblasts from one untreated patient with mediastinal mass displayed E‐(50%) and EAC‐rosette formation (15%). In 3 of 11 patients in relapse, lymphoblasts displayed an increase in EAC‐rosette formation with progressive disease. In the remaining patients with active disease, a small and variable proportion of lymphoblasts expressed E and/or EAC‐rosette formation. In 63 patients in remission, percentages of E‐ and/or EAC‐rosette were similar (p > 0.05) to those of control.The results indicate a wide heterogeneity with respect to expression of lymphocyte membrane markers in lymphoblasts and in normal lymphocytes in patients with active ALL.
Phase II study of porfiromycin vs mitomycin‐c utilizing acute intermittent schedules
Authors: Baker Laurence H. , Izbick Ronald M. , Vaitkevicius Vainutis K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA randomized prospective study of Mitomycin‐C and its N‐methyl derivative, Porfiromycin, was conducted. Thirty‐two patients with disseminated gastrointestinal cancer or other disseminated abdominal adenocarcinoma were treated with Mitomycin‐C 31 patients received Porfiromycin. Both drugs were given by acute intermittent bolus schedule (Mitomycin‐C, 22.5 mg/M2 or Porfiromycin, 75 mg/M2 every 6–8 weeks as a single bolus i.v. injection). Eleven patients (34%) who received Mitomycin‐C entered into partial remission. In 10 of the 31 patients (32%) receiving Porfiromycin, partial remission occurred. Analysis by tumor type demonstrated that in the Mitomycin‐C‐treated group responses occurred in 4 of 12 patients with colorectal carcinoma, in 4 of 9 with upper GI cancers, and in 3 of 11 with ovarian cancer. Correspondingly in the Porfiromycin group responses occurred in 2 of 12 colorectal carcinoma patients, in 3 of 7 upper GI cancer patients, and in 5 of 12 ovarian cancer patients. Both drugs produced significant myelosuppression; however, Porfiromycin toxicity appeared more cumulative. Further clinical trial of Mitomycin in an acute intermittent bolus schedule appears justified.
Template properties of human dna‐dependent rna polymerase II
Authors: Garcia Hector D. , Tsai Ming‐Jer , Saunders Grady F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDNA‐dependent RNA polymerase II has been purified from lymphocytes of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Form II polymerase and Escherichia coli RNA polymerase have been used to study the transcription of human DNA and chromatin. The hybridization kinetics of the transcripts of DNA and chromatin by the human polymerase are quite different; chromatin transcripts hybridized to DNA at a much slower rate than DNA transcripts, whereas the transcripts of DNA and chromatin by bacterial polymerase have similar hybridization kinetics.
Relevance of dimethylamine to mechanism studies of DIC (DTIC, NSC 45388)
Authors: Saunders Priscilla P. , Chao Lian‐Yu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMonolayer cultures of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells take up the photo‐decomposition products of DIC more readily than DIC itself. Dimethylamine, an immediate product of this degradative pathway, can ultimately become associated with the DNA, RNA, and protein of the cells as demonstrated by selective enzymatic degradation of macromolecules and isopycnic centrifugation. The relevance of these observations to mechanism studies of DIC is discussed.
Combination chemotherapy in murine neuroblastoma
Authors: Finklestein J. Z. , Tittle K. , Rubenstein J. , Meshnik R. , Weiner J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe C1300 murine neuroblastoma system has been studied to determine its relevance as a chemotherapy model to the human disease. Studies using combination therapy revealed that BCNU/cyclophosphamide combination therapy increased the median lifespan 300% in A/J mice bearing the C1300 tumor. Cyclophosphamide/imidazole carboxamide and adriamycin/imidazole carboxamide combinations were less active, increasing median lifespans 189% and 144%, respectively. Vincristine/bleomycin were inactive even when the schedule was adjusted to coincide with the time of maximum mitoses following vincristine injections. These results suggest the BCNU/cyclophosphamide combination chemotherapy may be effective in human disease.
Early consolidation chemotherapy for adults with acute leukemia in remission
Authors: Bodey Gerald P. , Rodriguez Victorio , McCredie Kenneth B. , Freireich Emil J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree courses of intensive consolidation therapy were administered to 13 patients with acute leukemia after they achieved complete remission. The patients were randomly allocated to receive their therapy in or out of a protected environment unit and with or without antibiotic prophylaxis. The results suggest that the protected‐environment—prophylactic‐antibiotic program may have protected the patients from infection, although the numbers in each group are too small for meaningful comparison. However, early consolidation therapy was not beneficial, since the duration of remission and survival of these patients was less than that of a group of comparable patients who received only conventional maintenance therapy.
A study of intermittent alternating drug program reinduction therapy on the frequency and duration of response in adult acute leukemia
Authors: McCredie Kenneth B. , Freireich Emil J. , Bodey Gerald P. , Burgess Michael A. , Whitecar John P. , Smith Terry L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOf 41 adults with a diagnosis of acute leukemia that were randomized for induction therapy in combination with methotrexate, 6‐MP, vincristine and prednisone (POMP) versus a combination of cytosine arabinoside, cytoxan, vincristine and prednisone (COAP), 23 (56%) patients achieved a complete remission. During remission, patients received consolidation therapy with the three courses of remission induction regimen that they had not received initially. They then received daunomycin (three courses) and L‐asparaginase and were then maintained for two years with their induction therapy. The median duration of survival for all patients was 40 weeks; the median duration of survival of those patients that responded to chemotherapy was 80 weeks. There was no significant difference between the two induction regimens with regard to complete remission more than four and one half years from diagnosis and two and one half years from discontinuation of all therapy.
High dose methotrexate therapy of solid tumors: observations relating to clinical toxicity
Authors: Isacoff William H. , Townsend Courtney M. , Eilber Frederick R. , Forster Terry , Morton Donald L. , Block Jerome B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn clinical studies performed during 111 infusions of high dose methotrexate (MTX) we have evolved a clinical and laboratory protocol which permits such therapy without prohibitive risk to the patient. The plasma MTX data obtained indicate that pharmacokinetic disposition is dose related during these infusions and that such data are useful in identifying patients at risk from serious toxicity.
Psychological evaluation and management of pediatric oncology patients in protected environments
Authors: Kellerman Jonathan , Rigler David , Siegel Stuart E. , McCue Kathleen , Pospisil Jill , Uno Roger 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSpecific aspects of psychological investigation and management of pediatric patients with widely disseminated solid tumors treated in semiportable, laminar airflow patient isolators are discussed. Information was obtained prospectively from a psychosocial study coordinated with a medical investigation of the use of protected environments (PE) employing barrier isolation as an adjunct to intensive anticancer therapy. Included are descriptions of the development of psychological criteria for patient eligibility, psychometric evaluation, longitudinal behavioral observation, pre‐entry and predischarge orientation techniques, as well as approaches to the ongoing management of patients and families. No debilitating psychological disturbance has been observed in these patients, and no patients have had to be removed for psychological reasons. Specific transitory psychological changes are noted as are the problems encountered by staff members functioning in such a setting. The adoption of a well‐coordinated psychosocial program of investigation and clinical intervention has proved useful in maximizing patient adjustment to prolonged treatment in protected environments.
Comparison of the clinical course of hodgkin's disease in children and adolescents
Authors: Smith K. L. , Rivera G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this study the clinical features and response to therapy of 34 children, 4–10 years of age, and 54 adolescents, 11–20 years of age, were compared. The therapeutic response in patients in this series entered on a formal protocol was compared with nonstudy patients. The 2 age groups had similar sex ratios, characterized by male predominance, and age was not a determining factor in the extent of disease at diagnosis. By contrast, the distribution of histopathology varied between children and adolescents: mixed cellularity was most prevalent in the 4–10‐year group (14/34), while nodular sclerosis predominated in the older patients (23/55). Remission induction and duration were not age dependent, but remission duration did differ between study and nonstudy patients. Forty‐five of 57 patients in the former group remain in continuous complete remission compared to 7 of 31 in the latter group. From these results we conclude that the clinical course of Hodgkin's disease is similar in children and adolescents and that the aggressive therapy combined with careful staging used so successfully in adults should be adhered to in younger patients.
Improved prognosis in disseminated histiocytosis
Authors: Smith Peter J. , Ekert Henry , Campbell P. E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe prognosis for children with disseminated histiocytosis, previously considered poor, has improved dramatically with the application of modern principles of chemotherapy. Fourteen children with histiocytosis were staged clinically as follows: those without organ dysfunction, stage I; those with organ dysfunction, stage II; and histologically (B, benign and M, malignant). They were treated with either oral chlorambucil or combination chemotherapy with vinblastine and other agents. Clinical staging was of value in predicting response to treatment and prognosis, while histologic staging was of less value. Thirteen of the 14 children responded to treatment and are alive 4 to 67 months (median 12 months) after diagnosis. Two of these relapsed on treatment, and they have responded to a change in therapy. Two children relapsed after stopping treatment and were reinduced with reintroduction of similar therapy. Initial response to treatment suggests a favourable outcome, for children who initially responded to treatment but relapsed subsequently responded to either reintroduction of the same treatment or a change in treatment.
Sporadic bilateral retinoblastoma and 13q‐chromosomal deletion
Authors: Francke Uta , Kung Faith 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUnilateral retinoblastoma (Rb) is usually a sporadic occurrence while bilateral (multi‐focal) cases are often familial. Sporadic bilateral Rb associated with a long‐arm deletion of a D‐group chromosome has been reported in 8 children. We have studied a 6‐year‐old female with bilateral sporadic retinoblastoma, treated during infancy by enucleation and radiotherapy. Chromosome banding studies on peripheral lymphocytes revealed an interstitial deletion from the long arm of a chromosome 13: del(13) (q12q14). Three additional patients reported in the literature had interstitial 13q‐ deletions, involving slightly different though overlapping regions. The only chromosomal region consistently missing in all of these 4 cases appears to be part of the lightly staining band 13q14. We, therefore, propose this site as the precise location of a gene (or genes) involved in retinal development.Our patient lacked features of the classic 13q‐ or 13‐ring syndrome, which involves deletion of a more distal portion of the 13 long arm. When compared to reported patients with Rb and 13q‐, it became apparent that there may be a separate recognizable syndrome consisting of moderate growth and developmental delay, characteristic facies and external ears, and bilateral sporadic Rb, which is associated with an interstitial 13q‐ deletion.
Evaluation of dose and schedule of L‐asparaginase in multidrug therapy of childhood leukemia
Authors: Sutow Wataru W. , George Stephen , Lowman James T. , Starling Kenneth A. , Humphrey G. Bennett , Haggard Mary Ellen , Vietti Teresa J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSix regimens utilizing L‐asparaginase in doses of 6,000 IU/M2, 2,000 IU/M2, and 500 IU/M2 in two separate schedules (consecutive and intermittent) along with vincristine and prednisone yielded remarkably similar response rates, approximating 70%, in 306 previously treated children with acute leukemia in relapse. The addition of daunorubicin to one regimen did not alter the response rate. Hypersensitivity reactions occurred in 5% and hyperglycemia in 7%. Lower doses of L‐asparaginase significantly reduced the hypersensitivity rate but no such pattern was noted for hyperglycemia. A history of prior resistance to prednisone and vincristine significantly reduced the response rate.
Serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) and immunoglobulin levels in breast carcinoma
Authors: Lee Yeu‐Tsu N. , Chandor Stebbins B. , Weiner John M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSerum protein electrophoresis (SPE) and immunoglobulin levels were studied in 50 patients with breast carcinoma before therapy (17 with stage I disease; 18 stage II; 15 stage III or IV), and in 55 patients after primary lesions were surgically removed and gave no evidence of recurrence. The most consistent and statistically significant abnormalities observed on SPE were those of albumin, globulin, and alpha‐2 globulin. Patients who were free of disease during follow‐up examinations had higher albumin and lower globulin and alpha‐2 globulin levels than those with advanced breast cancer (P = 0.003, P = 0.03, and P = 0.001 respectively). There was no difference in concentrations of immunoglobulin G, A, or M among the 5 groups. Routine laboratory tests of hemoglobulin, lymphocyte count, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine phosphokinase, lactic dehydrogenase, and transaminase also did not differ among the groups, but carcinoembryonic antigen was significantly elevated in patients with stage III and IV disease.
Treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma in children with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy
Authors: Heyn Ruth , Holland Roxie , Joo Patricia , Johnson Dale , Newton William , Tefft Melvin , Breslow Norman , Hammond Denman 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFrom May, 1970 through December, 1972, Children's Cancer Study Group entered 112 patients on an amended treatment program for rhabdomyosarcoma and undifferentiated sarcoma in children. These patients had Group II disease with residual tumor remaining after surgery, or metastatic disease at onset. Another group consisted of patients who previously had treatment with surgery and radiotherapy and had recurrent disease. Cyclophosphamide was added to a previously used drug regimen which consisted of actinomycin D and vincristine. The drugs were given sequentially in repeated cycles for 18 months. Of 97 evaluable patients, there were 24 with microscopic residual disease, 37 with gross residual disease, 22 with metastatic disease at onset, and 14 patients who were treated with chemotherapy for the first time with recurrent or metastatic disease. All patients have been followed for 3 or more years. Survival in each group was 70.8%, 43.2%, 27.2%, and 28.2%, respectively. Although the number of complete remissions was greater than with two‐drug therapy, survival with three‐drug therapy was not significantly different than that seen in the earlier study.
Combination chemotherapy of advanced previously treated Hodgkin's disease with streptozotocin, CCNU, adriamycin and bleomycin
Authors: Levi John A. , Wiernik Peter H. , Diggs Charles H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeventeen patients with advanced, previously treated Hodgkin's disease received therapy with a combination of streptozotocin 500 mg/m2 /day i.v. days 1–5, CCNU 100 mg/m2 orally day 1, adriamycin 45 mg/m2 i.v. day 1, and bleomycin 15 mg/m2 i.m. days 1 and 8 at 28‐day intervals (SCAB). The overall response rate was 59% with six patients (35%) achieving complete remission and four patients (24%) entering partial remissions. No maintenance therapy was given and the median duration of complete remission was 8+ months (range 2+–18+ months), while the median duration of partial remission was only 2 months (range 2–3 months). The median duration of survival from the start of therapy for the complete responders was 16+ months (range 5+–25+ months) while the median survival for the partial and nonresponders was only 5 months (range 2–13 and 3–11+ months, respectively). Toxicity was a major problem with this drug combination. Myelosuppression occurred regularly and was severe after 25% of courses. There were two death directly related to drug‐induced myelosuppression. Other serious toxicities included bleomy cin‐induced pulmonary toxicity in three patients, with one death; renal tubular dysfunction secondary to streptozotocin in three patients; hepatic dysfunction in three patients and severe weight loss in three patients. SCAB has proven to be an active although toxic combination which is not cross‐resistant to MOPP‐type regimens. Alterations in drug dosages and scheduling are being evaluated in an effort to ameliorate toxicity and preserve efficacy.
Case reports and studies of paraneoplastic hypotension: Abnormal low pressure baroreceptor responses
Authors: Boasberg Peter D. , Henry James P , Rosenbloom Alan A. , Hall Thomas C. , Rose Margaretten , Fisher Delbert A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIntrathoracic stretch receptors regulate adjustments of the vasculature to gravitational changes and influence urinary water and solute excretion. Few reports of pathologic states involving interruption of these regulatory mechanisms have appeared. Two patients with orthostatic hypotension related to advanced intrathoracic carcinoma were studied, utilizing tilt‐table examinations and immersion of the entire body in water to test the function of their intrathoracic baroreceptor reflex arcs. Both patients showed abnormalities of antidiuretic hormone level and sodium excretion as compared with normal controls. This suggests that total immersion is a safe and convenient test of the low‐pressure baroreceptor system in patients with suspected dysfunction. Three patients are also reported whose charts were reviewed posthumously. Although they were not tested in the laboratory, their clinical data suggest that they too had been suffering from an interference with the transmission of impulses from the intrathoracic receptors.
Variable duration of vincristine‐induced metaphase block in leukemic and normal bone marrow cells of children
Authors: Wagner H. P. , Swidzinska Patricia M. , Hirt A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn four children with previously untreated acute leukemia the stathmokinetic effect of a single IV dose of vincristine (in two children with AML), or of a single IV dose of vincristine combined with daily prednisone (in one child with AMMoL and one with ALL), were investigated. The kinetics of bone marrow blast cells from all patients, and of red cell precursors from the patients with ALL, were studies by conventional methods (determinations of mitotic index and pro – + metaphase/ana – + telophase ratios). In two of the four patients (one AML and one AMMoL) the progression of cells through S, the incorporation pattern of tritiated thymidine, and the nuclear projection area changes during S were analyzed by a combination of autoradiographic and cytophotometric techniques.The results suggest that the doses of vincristine used (0.05 and 0.075 mg/kg body weight) did not influence the progression of cells from G0/G1 into S nor from S into G2, and had no effect on the incorporation pattern of tritiated thymidine or on the nuclear projection area changes during S. The results suggest, however, that the duration of the metaphase block induced by vincristine varied from one cell system to another. Differences in the time course of regeneration processes in neoplastic and normal cell systems might be one of the mechanisms responsible for the antineoplastic effect of vincristine in man.
Intermittent chemotherapy and bcg in continuation therapy of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Ekert Henry , Jose David G. , Waters Keith D. , Smith Peter J. , Matthews Rae N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractContinuation therapy using intermittent chemotherapy and BCG inoculation was commenced in 28 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) immediately after remission induction and “CNS prophylaxis.” At a median followup time of 17 months, 71% remain in total remission and 86% in bone marrow remission. Complications of the therapy were minimal. Major infections occurred on two occasions and there were no deaths in remission. Neutropenia, “minor” infections and postponement of chemotherapy occurred most often during the first three courses of treatment. There were no local or systemic BCG infections. Tuberculin sensitivity was tested in 25 patients. It was positive in 17 of 18 patients in total remission and all four patients with only CNS relapse, and was negative prior to relapse in three patients who developed bone marrow disease.
Ethical issues in investigation of screening strategies
Authors: Sutnick Alton I. , Bahn Anita K. , Miller Daniel G. , Ladimer Irving 
Published: February 2007

AbstractScreening programs can be designed to be useful for data collection to study effectiveness of screening. High‐risk populations may be identified, and screening techniques applied to a randomly selected subgroup with another subgroup serving as controls. This raises the ethical question of not applying helpful surveillance to individuals known to be at high‐risk. Attention should be paid to management of controls, for example, to screen them less frequently, or at least to inform them of their increased risk and advise periodic exams. Against such recommendations is that differences between test and control groups would be minimized and the study less conclusive. Another approach is to use adaptive design, selecting the study group from a large population which is being subject to medical surveillance for some other reason. As in other clinical trails, studies of screening programs must include appropriate surveillance for controls to properly safeguard their rights and medical needs.