bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative proteomic analysis of papaya bud flowers reveals metabolic signatures and pathways driving hermaphrodite development
Authors: Pereira Duarte Rafaela , Cancela Ramos Helaine Christine , Rodrigues Xavier Lucas , Azevedo Vimercati Pirovani Adriana , Souza Rodrigues Alex , Turquetti-Moraes Dayana Kelly , Rodrigues da Silva Junior Izaias , Motta Venâncio Thiago , Silveira Vanildo , Gonzaga Pereira Messias 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPapaya (Carica papaya) is a trioecious species with female, male, and hermaphrodite plants. Given the sex segregation, selecting hermaphroditic plants is vital for orchard establishment due to their greater commercial value. However, selecting hermaphrodite plants through sexing is laborious and costly. Moreover, environmental stressors can exacerbate the issue by potentially inducing abnormal flower development, thus affecting fruit quality. Despite these challenges, the molecular mechanisms governing sex development in papaya remain poorly understood. Thus, this study aimed to identify proteins associated with sex development in female and hermaphrodite flowers of papaya through comparative proteomic analysis. Proteins from flower buds at the early and late developmental stages of three papaya genotypes (UENF-CALIMAN 01, JS12, and Sunrise Solo 72/12) were studied via proteomic analysis via the combination of the shotgun method and nanoESI-HDMSE technology. In buds at an early stage of development, 496 (35.9%) proteins exhibited significantly different abundances between sexes for the SS72/12 genotype, 139 (10%) for the JS12 genotype, and 165 (11.9%) for the UC-01 genotype. At the final stage of development, there were 181 (13.5%) for SS72/12, 113 (8.4%) for JS12, and 125 (9.1%) for UC-01. The large group of differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) between the sexes was related to metabolism, as shown by the observation of only the proteins that exhibited the same pattern of accumulation in the three genotypes. Specifically, carbohydrate metabolism proteins were up-regulated in hermaphrodite flower buds early in development, while those linked to monosaccharide and amino acid metabolism increased during late development. Enrichment of sporopollenin and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways characterizes hermaphrodite samples across developmental stages, with predicted protein interactions highlighting the crucial role of phenylpropanoids in sporopollenin biosynthesis for pollen wall formation. Most of the DAPs played key roles in pectin, cellulose, and lignin synthesis and were essential for cell wall formation and male flower structure development, notably in the pollen coat. These findings suggest that hermaphrodite flowers require more energy for development, likely due to complex pollen wall formation. Overall, these insights illuminate the molecular mechanisms of papaya floral development, revealing complex regulatory networks and energetic demands in the formation of male reproductive structures.
Training strategies of 10,074 athletes from 121 countries based on human development index in early COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Galy Olivier , Washif Jad Adrian , Wattelez Guillaume , Farooq Abdulaziz , Hue Olivier , Sandbakk Øyvind , Beaven Christopher Martyn , Seiler Stephen , Ding Ding , Pyne David B. , Chamari Karim 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate relationships between changes in training practices and human development index (HDI) levels, and identify strategies employed by athletes who consistently maintained their training quantity during the first 100 days of the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 10,074 athletes (5290 amateur and 4787 professional athletes from 121 countries) completed an online survey between 17 May to 5 July 2020. We explored their training practices, including specific questions on training frequency, duration and quantity before and during lockdown (March–June 2020), stratified according to the human development index (HDI): low-medium, high, or very high HDI. During the COVID-19 lockdown, athletes in low-medium HDI countries focused on innovative training. Nevertheless, women and amateur athletes experienced a substantial reduction in training activity. Performance-driven athletes and athletes from higher HDI indexed countries, were likely to have more opportunities to diversify training activities during lockdowns, facilitated by the flexibility to perform training away from home. Factors such as lockdown rules, socioeconomic environment, and training education limited training diversification and approaches, particularly in low-medium and high HDI countries. Athletes (amateurs and professionals) who maintained the quantity of training during lockdown appeared to prioritize basic cardiovascular and strength training, irrespective of HDI level. Modifying training and fitness programs may help mitigate the decrease in training activities during lockdowns. Customized training prescriptions based on gender, performance, and HDI level will assist individuals to effectively perform and maintain training activities during lockdowns, or other challenging (lockdown-like) situations.
ANTsX neuroimaging-derived structural phenotypes of UK Biobank
Authors: Tustison Nicholas J. , Yassa Michael A. , Rizvi Batool , Cook Philip A. , Holbrook Andrew J. , Sathishkumar Mithra T. , Tustison Mia G. , Gee James C. , Stone James R. , Avants Brian B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUK Biobank is a large-scale epidemiological resource for investigating prospective correlations between various lifestyle, environmental, and genetic factors with health and disease progression. In addition to individual subject information obtained through surveys and physical examinations, a comprehensive neuroimaging battery consisting of multiple modalities provides imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs) that can serve as biomarkers in neuroscience research. In this study, we augment the existing set of UK Biobank neuroimaging structural IDPs, obtained from well-established software libraries such as FSL and FreeSurfer, with related measurements acquired through the Advanced Normalization Tools Ecosystem. This includes previously established cortical and subcortical measurements defined, in part, based on the Desikan-Killiany-Tourville atlas. Also included are morphological measurements from two recent developments: medial temporal lobe parcellation of hippocampal and extra-hippocampal regions in addition to cerebellum parcellation and thickness based on the Schmahmann anatomical labeling. Through predictive modeling, we assess the clinical utility of these IDP measurements, individually and in combination, using commonly studied phenotypic correlates including age, fluid intelligence, numeric memory, and several other sociodemographic variables. The predictive accuracy of these IDP-based models, in terms of root-mean-squared-error or area-under-the-curve for continuous and categorical variables, respectively, provides comparative insights between software libraries as well as potential clinical interpretability. Results demonstrate varied performance between package-based IDP sets and their combination, emphasizing the need for careful consideration in their selection and utilization.
TIMM17A overexpression in lung adenocarcinoma and its association with prognosis
Authors: Miao Lili , Wu Dejun , Zhao Hongyu , Xie Aiwei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, demands a deeper understanding of its molecular mechanisms and the identification of reliable biomarkers for better diagnosis and targeted therapy. Leveraging data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC), and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA), we investigated the mRNA and protein expression profiles of TIMM17A and assessed its prognostic significance through Kaplan–Meier survival curves and Cox regression analysis. Through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, we explored the regulatory mechanisms of TIMM17A in LUAD progression and demonstrated its role in modulating the proliferative capacity of A549 cells, a type of LUAD cell, via in vitro experiments. Our results indicate that TIMM17A is significantly upregulated in LUAD tissues, correlating with clinical staging, lymph node metastasis, overall survival, and progression-free survival, thereby establishing it as a critical independent prognostic factor. The construction of a nomogram model further enhances our ability to predict patient outcomes. Knockdown of TIMM17A inhibited the growth of LUAD cells. The potential of TIMM17A as a biomarker and therapeutic target for LUAD presents a promising pathway for improving patient diagnosis and treatment strategies.
The impact of co-exposure to air and noise pollution on the incidence of metabolic syndrome from a health checkup cohort
Authors: Tang Jia-Hong , Jian Hong-Lian , Chan Ta-Chien 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrevious studies have found associations between the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and exposure to air pollution or road traffic noise. However, investigations on environmental co-exposures are limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between co-exposure to air pollution and road traffic noise and MetS and its subcomponents. Participants living in Taipei City who underwent at least two health checkups between 2010 and 2016 were included in the study. Data were sourced from the MJ Health database, a longitudinal, large-scale cohort in Taiwan. The monthly traffic noise exposure (Lden and Lnight) was computed using a dynamic noise map. Monthly fine particulate data at one kilometer resolution were computed from satellite imagery data. Cox proportional hazards regression models with month as the underlying time scale were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for the impact of PM2.5 and road traffic noise exposure on the risk of developing MetS or its subcomponents. Data from 10,773 participants were included. We found significant positive associations between incident MetS and PM2.5 (HR: 1.88; 95% CI 1.67, 2.12), Lden (HR: 1.10; 95% CI 1.06, 1.15), and Lnight (HR: 1.07; 95% CI 1.02, 1.13) in single exposure models. Results further showed significant associations with an elevated risk of incident MetS in co-exposure models, with HRs of 1.91 (95% CI 1.69, 2.16) and 1.11 (95% CI 1.06, 1.16) for co-exposure to PM2.5 and Lden, and 1.90 (95% CI 1.68, 2.14) and 1.08 (95% CI 1.02, 1.13) for co-exposure to PM2.5 and Lnight. The HRs for the co-exposure models were higher than those for models with only a single exposure. This study provides evidence that PM2.5 and noise exposure may elevate the risk of incident MetS and its components in both single and co-exposure models. Therefore, preventive approaches to mitigate the risk of MetS and its subcomponents should consider reducing exposure to PM2.5 and noise pollution.
Single-cell transcriptome analysis profiling lymphatic invasion-related TME in colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Liping , Ma Liming , Song Zhaona , Zhou Li , Chen Kexin , Wang Xizi , Liu Zhen , Wang Baozhong , Shen Chen , Guo Xianchao , Jia Xiaodong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLymphatic invasion (LI) is extremely aggressive and induces worse prognosis among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Thus, it is critical to characterize the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying LI in order to establish novel and efficacious therapeutic targets that enhance the prognosis of CRC patients. RNA-seq data, clinical and survival information of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) patients were obtained from the TCGA database. In addition, three scRNA-seq datasets of CRC patients were acquired from the GEO database. Data analyses were conducted with the R packages. We assessed the tumor microenvironment (TME) differences between LI+ and LI− based scRNA-seq data, LI+ cells exhibited augmented abundance of immunosuppression and invasive subset. Marked extracellular matrix network activation was also observed in LI+ cells within SPP1+ macrophages. We revealed that an immunosuppressive and pro-angiogenic TME strongly enhanced LI, as was evidenced by the CD4+ Tregs, CD8+ GZMK+, SPP1+ macrophages, e-myCAFs, and w-myCAFs subcluster infiltrations. Furthermore, we identified potential LI targets that influenced tumor development, metastasis, and immunotherapeutic response. Finally, a novel LIRS model was established based on the expression of 14 LI-related signatures, and in the two testing cohorts, LIRS was also proved to have accurate prognostic predictive ability. In this report, we provided a valuable resource and extensive insights into the LI of CRC. Our conclusions can potentially benefit the establishment of highly efficacious therapeutic targets as well as diagnostic biomarkers that improve patient outcomes.
An analysis of financial protection and financing incidence of out-of-pocket health expenditures in Kazakhstan from 2018 to 2021
Authors: Shaltynov Askhat , Semenova Yulia , Abenova Madina , Baibussinova Assel , Jamedinova Ulzhan , Myssayev Ayan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUniversal health coverage relies on providing essential medical services and shielding individuals from financial risks. Our study assesses the progressivity of out-of-pocket (OOP) payments, identifies factors contributing to healthcare expenditure inequality, and examines catastrophic health expenditures (CHE) prevalence in Kazakhstan from 2018 to 2021. Using retrospective analysis of National Statistics Bureau data, we employed STATA 13 version for calculations CHE incidence, progressivity, Lorenz and concentration curves. In 2020–2021, OOP expenditures in Kazakhstan decreased, reflecting a nearly twofold reduction in the CHE incidence to 1.32% and 1.24%, respectively. However, during these years, we observe a transition towards a positive trend in the Kakwani index to 0.003 and 0.005, respectively, which may be explained by household size and education level factors. Increased state financing and quarantine measures contributed to reduced OOP payments. Despite a low healthcare expenditure share in gross domestic product, Kazakhstan exhibits a relatively high private healthcare spending proportion. The low CHE incidence and proportional expenditure system suggest private payments do not significantly impact financial resilience, prompting considerations about the role of government funding and social health insurance in the financing structure.
A multi-cancer early detection blood test using machine learning detects early-stage cancers lacking USPSTF-recommended screening
Authors: Vittone Janet , Gill David , Goldsmith Alex , Klein Eric A. , Karlitz Jordan J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUS Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines recommend single-cancer screening for select cancers (e.g., breast, cervical, colorectal, lung). Advances in genome sequencing and machine learning have facilitated the development of blood-based multi-cancer early detection (MCED) tests intended to complement single-cancer screening. MCED tests can interrogate circulating cell-free DNA to detect a shared cancer signal across multiple tumor types. We report real-world experience with an MCED test that detected cancer signals in three individuals subsequently diagnosed with cancers of the ovary, kidney, and head/neck that lack USPSTF-recommended screening. These cases illustrate the potential of MCED tests to detect early-stage cancers amenable to cure.
Bio-inspired bimetallic models for electrochemical CO2 reduction
Authors: Feng Weifang , Xiong Ying , Zhang Ping , Li Minghong , Zhang Yaping , Li Fei , Chen Lin 
Published: April 2024

Inspired by the carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODHs) active site, a family of rhenium dipyridine derivatives (1–3) with the potassium 1-aza-18-crown-6-ether (KN18C6) moiety functioning as Lewis acid to assist the CO2 reduction have been developed.
Speechreading, Phonological Skills, and Word Reading Ability in Children
Authors: Kyle Fiona E. , Trickey Natasha 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between speechreading ability, phonological skills, and word reading ability in typically developing children.

Method:
Sixty-six typically developing children (6–7 years old) completed tasks measuring word reading, speechreading (words, sentences, and short stories), alliteration awareness, rhyme awareness, nonword reading, and rapid automatized naming (RAN).

Results:
Speechreading ability was significantly correlated with rhyme and alliteration awareness, phonological error rate, nonword reading, and reading ability (medium effect sizes) and RAN (small effect size). Multiple regression analyses showed that speechreading was not a unique predictor of word reading ability beyond the contribution of phonological skills. A speechreading error analysis revealed that children tended to use a phonological strategy when speechreading, and in particular, this strategy was used by skilled speechreaders.

Conclusions:
The current study provides converging evidence that speechreading and phonological skills are positively related in typically developing children. These skills are likely to have a reciprocal relationship, and children may benefit from having their attention drawn to visual information available on the lips while learning letter sounds or learning to read, as this could augment and strengthen underlying phonological representations.
Characterisation of the X-ray point source variability in the eROSITA south ecliptic pole field
Authors: Bogensberger D. , Nandra K. , Salvato M. , Liu T. , Wolf J. , Croom S. , Starck H. , Buchner J. , Ponti G. , Ider Chitham J. , Maitra C. , Robrade J. , Merloni A. , Krumpe M. 
Published: April 2024

Aims.During the Spectrum Roentgen Gamma (SRG)/eROSITA all-sky surveys, X-ray sources close to the South Ecliptic Pole (SEP) are observed almost every 4 h. We aim to identify the sources exhibiting the most significant long-term X-ray variability within 3° of the SEP in the first three surveys, and investigate their properties.Methods.We determined the variability significance of ~104sources observed by eROSITA within 3° of the SEP by using thresholds on the Bayesian excess variance (SCATT_LO) and the maximum amplitude deviation (AMPL_SIG). Sources exhibiting a variability significance above 3σwere subdivided into likely Galactic and extragalactic sources, by using spectral and photometric information of their optical counterparts. We quantified the X-ray normalised excess variances of all variable sources, and also calculated the periodograms of the brightest ones.Results.Out of more than 104X-ray sources detected by eROSITA within 3° of the SEP, we identified 453 that exhibit significant X-ray variability. SCATT_LO is significantly more sensitive to detecting variable sources in this field, but AMPL_SIG helps to provide a more complete variability sample. Of those variable sources, 168 were classified as likely extragalactic, and 235 as likely Galactic. The periodograms of most bright and variable extragalactic sources are approximately described by an aliased power law (P∞ν−α) with an index ofα≈ 1. We identified a potential tidal disruption event, and long-term transient sources. The stellar X-ray variability was predominantly caused by bright X-ray flares from coronally active stars.
The Association between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Venous Thromboembolism: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Huang Zhihai , Zheng Zhenzhen , Pang Lingpin , Fu Kaili , Cheng Junfen , Zhong Ming , Song Lingyue , Guo Dingyu , Chen Qiaoyun , Li Yanxi , Lv Yongting , Chen Riken , Sun Xishi 
Published: April 2024

Background Despite previous observational studies linking obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) to venous thromboembolism (VTE), these findings remain controversial. This study aimed to explore the association between OSA and VTE, including pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), at a genetic level using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Methods Utilizing summary-level data from large-scale genome-wide association studies in European individuals, we designed a bidirectional two-sample MR analysis to comprehensively assess the genetic association between OSA and VTE. The inverse variance weighted was used as the primary method for MR analysis. In addition, MR–Egger, weighted median, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) were used for complementary analyses. Furthermore, a series of sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure the validity and robustness of the results.
Results The initial and validation MR analyses indicated that genetically predicted OSA had no effects on the risk of VTE (including PE and DVT). Likewise, the reverse MR analysis did not find substantial support for a significant association between VTE (including PE and DVT) and OSA. Supplementary MR methods and sensitivity analyses provided additional confirmation of the reliability of the MR results.
Conclusion Our bidirectional two-sample MR analysis did not find genetic evidence supporting a significant association between OSA and VTE in either direction.
Versorgungsforschung im Gesundheitsamt – eine explorative
Interviewstudie zur wissenschaftlichen Methodenkompetenz im ÖGD in
Baden-Württemberg
Authors: Piontkowski Emily , Richter Hannah , Bischof Jonas , Herrmann Anja , Preiser Christine , Häske David , Joos Stefanie , Rieger Monika A 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziel der Studie Ein Ziel des Paktes für den ÖGD
(Öffentlicher Gesundheitsdienst) ist die Steigerung der wissenschaftlichen
Tätigkeit im ÖGD. Es ist aktuell jedoch unklar, welche wissenschaftlichen
Methoden bekannt sind und welche Bedarfe und Bedürfnisse hinsichtlich
wissenschaftlicher Kompetenzen bestehen. Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der
Frage, welche Methoden zur Versorgungsforschung im ÖGD in Baden-Württemberg (BW)
bekannt sind, angewandt werden und bei welchen Methoden Bedarfe bestehen.
Methodik Es wurden leitfadengestützte Interviews
(Fokusgruppen-/Einzelinterviews) mit 12 Personen unterschiedlicher Ebenen
(Amtsleitungen, Abteilungsleitungen, Mitarbeitende) aus Gesundheitsämtern in BW
geführt, die inhaltsanalytisch in Anlehnung an Kuckartz ausgewertet wurden.
Ergebnisse Die Interviewten nennen heterogene Bedarfe und Kompetenzen.
Mitarbeitende äußern häufiger vorhandene Kompetenzen als Leitungspersonen.
Kompetenzen, die im Berufsalltag angewandt werden sind z. B. Literaturrecherche
oder verschiedene Datenauswertungsmethoden, die vor allem im Bereich der
routinemäßig erfassten Daten (z. B. Einschulungsuntersuchung) eingesetzt werden.
Bedarfe und Bedürfnisse bestehen vor allem im Bereich der
Datenauswertung/-erhebung, werden aber auch im Bereich der Grundlagen geäußert.
Vorgaben zur guten wissenschaftlichen Praxis (z. B. Ethikanträge) und zum
Publikationsprozess sind eher weniger bekannt. Vielfach wird ein Bedarf nach
einem Unterstützungsangebot durch Forschungseinrichtungen oder oberen Behörden
genannt. Darüber hinaus werden Aussagen zur Motivation und Hemmnisse für
Forschung im ÖGD gemacht.
Schlussfolgerung Diese Studie zeigt heterogene bestehende
Methodenkompetenzen sowie Bedarfe und Bedürfnisse auf, die auf die
unterschiedlichen Hintergründe und Tätigkeitsbereiche der Befragten
zurückzuführen sind. Kompetenzen werden angegeben z. B. im Bereich der
Literaturrecherche und der Auswertung vorhandener Daten. Bedarfe gibt es z. B.
in Methoden der Datenerhebung/-auswertung sowie in der Grundlagenvermittlung und
Vertiefung der vorhandenen Kompetenzen. Es besteht ein Bedarf an
Unterstützungsangeboten hinsichtlich wissenschaftlicher Methodenkompetenz für
Gesundheitsämter. Es fehlt zudem an Forschungsinfrastruktur (z. B. Software,
Literaturzugriff) und gesetzlicher Grundlage für die wissenschaftliche Tätigkeit
im ÖGD. Die Ergebnisse können als Grundlage für die Konzeption bedarfsgerechter
Fortbildungen für ÖGD-Beschäftigte in BW dienen.