bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perinatal dengue and Zika virus cross-sectional seroprevalence and maternal-fetal outcomes among El Salvadoran women presenting for labor-and-delivery
Authors: Lynn Mary K. , Aquino Marvin Stanley Rodriguez , Rivas Pamela Michelle Cornejo , Miranda Xiomara , Torres-Romero David F. , Cowan Hanson , Meyer Madeleine M. , Godoy Willber David Castro , Kanyangarara Mufaro , Self Stella C.W. , Campbell Berry A. , Nolan Melissa S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite maternal flavivirus infections’ linkage to severe maternal and fetal outcomes, surveillance during pregnancy remains limited globally. Further complicating maternal screening for these potentially teratogenic pathogens is the overwhelming subclinical nature of acute infection. This study aimed to understand perinatal and neonatal risk for poor health outcomes associated with flaviviral infection during pregnancy in El Salvador.

Methods
Banked serologic samples and clinical results obtained from women presenting for labor and delivery at a national referent hospital in western El Salvador March to September 2022 were used for this study. 198 samples were screened for dengue and Zika virus IgM, and statistical analyses analyzed demographic and clinical outcome associations with IgM positivity.

Results
This serosurvey revealed a high rate of maternal flavivirus infection—24.2% of women presenting for labor and delivery were dengue or Zika virus IgM positive, suggesting potential infection within pregnancy. Specifically, 20.2% were Zika virus IgM positive, 1.5% were dengue virus IgM positive, and 2.5% were both dengue and Zika virus IgM positive. Women whose home had received mosquito abatement assistance within the last year by the ministry of health were 70% less likely to test IgM positive (aOR = 0.30, 95%CI: 0.10, 0.83). Further, statistical geospatial clustering revealed transmission foci in six primary municipalities. Pregnancy complications and poor birth outcomes were noted among the dengue and/or Zika virus maternal infection group, although these outcomes were not statistically different than the seronegative group. None of the resulting neonates born during this study were diagnosed with congenital Zika syndrome.

Conclusions
The high rate of Zika virus detected among pregnant women and the lack of Zika-specific neonatal outcomes monitoring during a non-outbreak year highlights the need for continued surveillance in Central America and among immigrant mothers presenting for childbirth from these countries. As changing climatic conditions continue to expand the range of the disease vector, asymptomatic screening programs could be vital to early identification of outbreaks and clinical management of cases.
Dissolution profile evaluation of selected brands of amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium 625 mg tablets retailed in Hawassa town, Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Endashaw Eyob , Tatiparthi Ramanjireddy , Mohammed Tesfaye , Teshome Henok , Duguma Markos , Tefera Yesuneh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPoor quality amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium tablets have been recently discovered in generic drugs related to Augmentin-like medicines containing amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, as well as its derivatives containing falsified active ingredients. One of the most important dosage form characteristics are a detailed active pharmaceutical ingredients dissolution release profile evaluation obtained through dissolution testing. The dissolution test is used in the development of both brand-name and generic drugs. Prior to beginning bioequivalence studies, it is critical to compare the dissolution profiles of various pharmaceutical products. As a result, dissolution is a critical quality control parameter for drugs because it has a direct impact on absorption of pharmaceutical products. Dissolution profile evaluation of seven brands of amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium tablets is retailed in Hawassa town, Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia. The seven brands of amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium tablets were collected from Hawassa town, Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia. The dissolution study was conducted as per USP40-NF35. Then, the dissolution profile test results were compared by one-way ANOVA Dunnett’s test, model independent, and model dependent method. All of the included brand tablets complied with a single-point dissolution study specification. All brand tablets had similar dissolution profiles (p > 0.05), difference factor (f1) < 15%, and dissolution efficiency $$(\le 10\varvec{\%}$$

(
≤
10

%

). However, the f2 (similarity factor) value justifies that all brand tablets were not within USFDA specification ($$\ge$$
≥
50%). The evaluated brands followed the Korsemeyer-Peppas followed by the Weibull curve models. All brand tablets passed the single point USP dissolution specification and the USFDA therapeutic interchangeability guideline. The similarity factor (f2), on the other hand, confirmed that none of the tested brand tablets were interchangeable with the innovator product. Therefore, researchers, national medicine regulatory bodies, and the manufacturer should conduct a properly designed dissolution test as proof of an in vitro bioequivalence study supported by in vivo bioavailability data.
A comprehensive review on the detection of latent fingermarks using carbon dots
Authors: Grover Aseem , Devi Laxmi , Maity Jyotirmoy , Bumbrah Gurvinder Singh , Das Anirban 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Fingermarks are one of the oldest, reliable, and universally accepted evidence found on the crime scene. They can be used to link suspect with scene of crime and weapon of offence. Fingermarks are frequently used to investigate criminal cases and identify missing persons and criminals.

Main text
Conventional methods such as cyanoacrylate fuming, iodine fuming, ninhydrin, silver nitrate, small particle reagent, and powder dusting are routinely used to detect and develop latent fingermarks on various surfaces of forensic importance. However, these methods suffer several limitations including poor contrast, low sensitivity, background interference, and low specificity. To overcome these limitations, nowadays, nanoparticles have gained importance in the development of latent fingermarks. In this review, we focus on the carbon dots (CD's) nanomaterial for the development of latent fingermarks. CD’s have superior fluorescence performance, color tuneability, and low synthesis cost and are non-toxic. The color and intensity of luminescence of CD's depend on its morphology and synthesis method. CD's can be used either in solid or solution form to develop latent fingermarks on the various porous and nonporous surfaces.

Conclusion
CD’s are potentially a good candidate to develop latent fingermarks on wide range of porous and nonporous items of forensic importance. The fingerprints developed with CD’s show excellent contrast and resolution. Their small size, biocompatibility, facile and low-cost synthesis, and color tuneability can be successfully utilized to overcome the limitations of the conventional methods.
A survey on lattice-based digital signature
Authors: Liu Fengxia , Zheng Zhiyong , Gong Zixian , Tian Kun , Zhang Yi , Hu Zhe , Li Jia , Xu Qun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLattice-based digital signature has become one of the widely recognized post-quantum algorithms because of its simple algebraic operation, rich mathematical foundation and worst-case security, and also an important tool for constructing cryptography. This survey explores lattice-based digital signatures, a promising post-quantum resistant alternative to traditional schemes relying on factoring or discrete logarithm problems, which face increasing risks from quantum computing. The study covers conventional paradigms like Hash-and-Sign and Fiat-Shamir, as well as specialized applications including group, ring, blind, and proxy signatures. It analyzes the versatility and security strengths of lattice-based schemes, providing practical insights. Each chapter summarizes advancements in schemes, identifying emerging trends. We also pinpoint future directions to deploy lattice-based digital signatures including quantum cryptography.
Epidemiological features of 1,332 cases of hip fracture in Shanghai, China (2015–2020)
Authors: Yang Miaomiao , Zhang Ying 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hip fracture in all age groups in Shanghai, and to evaluate the hospitalization cost of patients with hip fracture.

Methods
A total of 1,332 hip fracture patients admitted to a tertiary general hospital between January 2015 and May 2020 in Shanghai were included. Age, sex, diagnosis, cause of injury and site, fracture type, comorbidities, length of stay, treatment, outcomes (at discharge) and hospitalization expenses were recorded. The epidemiological characteristics of hip fracture were analyzed by using SPSS 26.0 software.

Results
The average age of hip fracture was 77.24 ± 12.66 years, and 69.0% of the patients were female. Overall, 886 patients had femoral neck fracture, and 446 patients suffered from intertrochanteric fracture. Most of the fractures caused by falls at the same level and falls from a height occurred in those aged 81–90 years; and traffic accident injuries mostly took place in patients aged 50–60. Among the 1,302 hip fracture patients who underwent surgical treatment, hip replacement was the major choice for femoral neck fracture, accounting for 49.2%. Internal fixation was the main treatment choice for intertrochanteric fracture, making up 97.8%. The median length of hospital stay lasted 8 days and at cost of hospitalization was ¥49,138.18 RMB.

Conclusion
This epidemiological study found that patients with hip fracture had certain distribution characteristics in age, sex, type of fracture, injury season, cause of injury, mode of operation, length of stay, cost, and so on. Proper medical management, social preventive measures, and prevention of falls are needed to reduce the risk of hip fracture and the socioeconomic burden.
Changes in phenolic composition, antioxidant, sensory and microbiological properties during fermentation and storage of maize products
Authors: Mikulajová Anna , Matejčeková Zuzana , Kohajdová Zlatica , Mošovská Silvia , Hybenová Eva , Valík Ľubomír 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, we assessed the potential of maize (Zea mays) flour to serve as a substrate for the growth, metabolism, and survival of the Fresco culture cocci (Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis, Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris and Streptococcus thermophilus) and Bifidobacterium spp. (B. choerinum K1/1, B. pseudolongum K4/4, B. animalis subsp. animalis J3II, B. thermophilum DSM 20212), which could result in improved nutritional and sensory properties. Maize dairy-free mashes (flavoured with saccharose or caramel) were effectively fermented with Fresco culture for 8 h at 37 °C (3 log increase of counts on average). The functionality of products was proven within the cold storage period (21 days at 6 °C) when viable cell densities of potentially probiotic bacteria were sufficient to demonstrate health-promoting effects (> 5 log CFU/mL). Fermentation process positively changed the contents and compositions of phenolic compounds. Total phenolic content was higher by about 11.5–94.68% in comparison to initial values (0 h). Caffeic acid recorded the highest increase, by about 21.7–151.7%. The antioxidant activity of fermented mashes was also improved. Overall sensory acceptance was enhanced from 2.1 (8 h) to 3.1–3.6 from 4.0 (21 d), which revealed pleasant acceptance of the final caramel products.
Graphical Abstract
Breaking down barriers: promoting journals beyond the page with open access journal clubs
Authors: de Cates Angharad N. , Mullin Donncha , Stirland Lucy , Pinto da Costa Mariana , Tracy Derek 
Published: April 2024

SummaryIn 2020, during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, the British Journal of Psychiatry (BJPsych) established a series of free online teaching sessions called BJPsych Journal Clubs. Their educational purpose is two-fold: (a) to provide junior psychiatrists with a friendly but large-scale platform to evaluate and critically appraise recent articles published in the BJPsych and (b) to present new research findings in an open and accessible manner. In this paper, we discuss our framework, the challenges we encountered, how the original model is evolving based on feedback from trainees, and tips for success when delivering international online journal clubs.
Impact of Postoperative Radiotherapy on the Prognosis of Early-Stage (pT1-2N0M0) Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Tian Qiaoying , Jiang Lin , Dai Dongjun , Liu Lihong , Shi Xiaomeng , Guo Yinglu , Wu Dang , Yang Jia , Xu Jing , Cai Zhuoying , Ye Zhimin , Xi Yun , Zheng Zengguang , Li Huimin , Shui Yongjie , Liu Yanming , Shang Jinbiao , Wei Shumei , Wei Qichun 
Published: April 2024

PURPOSE To identify subgroups of patients with early-stage (pT1-2N0M0) oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) who may benefit from postoperative radiotherapy (PORT). PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 528 patients diagnosed between October 2009 and December 2021. Clinicopathological characteristics and treatments with or without PORT were analyzed for their impact on outcomes. RESULTS Among 528 patients who underwent radical surgery (median age, 62 years [IQR, 52-69]), 145 (27.5%) also underwent PORT. Multivariate analyses revealed that PORT was associated with improved survival outcomes, whereas moderate-to-poor differentiation, perineural infiltration (PNI), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and increasing depth of invasion (DOI) were associated with poorer survival outcomes. For patients with moderate-to-poor differentiation, the surgery + PORT group showed improved outcomes compared with the surgery-alone group. After propensity score matching, the results were as follows: overall survival (OS), 97% versus 69%, P = .003; disease-free survival (DFS), 88% versus 50%, P = .001. After excluding cases with PNI/LVI, the differences persisted: OS, 97% versus 82%, P = .040; DFS, 87% versus 64%, P = .012. Similar survival benefits were observed in 104 patients with PNI and/or LVI (OS, 81% v 58%; P = .022; DFS, 76% v 47%; P = .002). In subgroups with DOI >5 mm or close margins, PORT contributed to improved DFS (80% v 64%; P = .006; 92% v 66%; P = .049) but did not significantly affect OS. CONCLUSION Patients with moderately-to-poorly differentiated pT1-2N0M0 OTSCC benefited from PORT. Our study provided evidence that patients with PNI and/or LVI who underwent PORT had improved survival. PORT also offered DFS benefit among patients with DOI >5 mm.
Estimating the Impact of Rurality in Disparities in Cancer Mortality
Authors: Kenzik Kelly M. , Davis Elizabeth S. , Franks Jeffrey A. , Bhatia Smita 
Published: April 2024

PURPOSE Estimation of the independent effect of rurality on cancer mortality requires causal inference methodology and consideration of area-level socioeconomic status and rural designations. METHODS Using SEER data, we identified key incident cancers diagnosed between 2000 and 2016 at age ≥20 years (N = 3,788,273), examining a 20% random sample (n = 757,655). Standardized competing risk and survival models estimated the association between rural residence, defined by Rural-Urban Continuum Codes, and cancer-specific and all-cause mortality, controlling for age at cancer diagnosis, sex, race/ethnicity, year of diagnosis, and Area Deprivation Index (ADI). We estimated the attributable fraction (AF) of rurality and high ADI (ADI > median) to the probability of mortality. Finally, we examined county measurement issues contributing to mortality rates discordant from hypothesized rates. RESULTS The 5-year standardized failure probability for cancer mortality for rural patients was 33.9% versus 31.56% for urban. The AF for rural residence was 1.04% at year 1 (0.89% by year 5), the highest among local stage disease (Y1 2.1% to Y5 1.9%). The AF for high ADI was 3.33% in Y1 (2.87% in Y5), while the joint effect of rural residence and high ADI was 4.28% in Y1 (3.71% in Y5). Twenty-two percent of urban counties and 30% of rural were discordant. Among discordant urban counties, 30% were only considered urban because of adjacency to metro area. High ADI was associated with urban discordance and low ADI with rural discordance. CONCLUSION Rural residence independently contributes to cancer mortality. The rural impact is the greatest among those with localized disease and in high deprivation areas. Rural-urban county designations may mask high-need urban counties, limiting eligibility to state and federal resources dedicated to rural areas.
Abnormal Bone Turnover Observed in Obese Children based on Puberty Stage–Specific Bone Turnover Marker Reference
Authors: Wu Chushan , Li Zhuoguang , Li Yanyan , Zhao Xiu , Shang Yue , Zheng Rongfei , Su Qiru , Li Yan , Fu Rongyin , Lu Wenlong , Xiong Jingfan , Su Zhe 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Context
Childhood and adolescence are critical periods for lifelong bone health. The impact of obesity on these phases is controversial, which may be due to the lack of standards for age-, sex-, and puberty-specific bone turnover markers (BTMs) that could sensitively reflect bone metabolism.

Objective
To generate age-, sex, and puberty stage–specific BTM reference curves in children and adolescents and to explore the effect of obesity on bone metabolism in the Chinese population.

Methods
Our study was part of the Evaluation and Monitoring on School-based Nutrition and Growth in Shenzhen study. A total of 800 participants aged 6∼18 years with normal body mass index (BMI) were selected to establish BTM reference curves for boys and girls at different ages under different pubertal development stages. Additionally, 200 participants with obesity (BMI &gt; 95th percentile) were matched with healthy children from the original cohort at a 1:1 ratio. All participants underwent bone mineral density assessment, and serum levels of procollagen type 1 N-propeptide (P1NP) and β-C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) were measured.

Results
The BTM values presented significant age, sex, and puberty stage differences. Analysis of serum BTMs based on the established reference revealed a higher percentage of low-level P1NP in boys with obesity (P = .005); no significant difference was observed in girls. However, the obese group showed a significantly higher proportion of high β-CTX levels for girls, not boys (P = .022).

Conclusion
We provide age-, sex-, and puberty stage–specific P1NP and β-CTX reference curves. According to these, obesity appeared to be a negative factor for bone formation in boys and for bone resorption in girls.
Projected Inventory-Level Policies for Lost Sales Inventory Systems: Asymptotic Optimality in Two Regimes
Authors: van Jaarsveld Willem , Arts Joachim 
Published: April 2024

Inventory Projection and Asymptotic Optimality van Jaarsveld and Arts propose a new policy for the canonical periodic review lost sales inventory problem. Under this policy, orders are placed in each period such that the expected inventory level at the moment of replenishment order arrival is at a fixed level. This single-parameter policy is called the projected inventory-level (PIL) policy. The PIL inherits asymptotic optimality properties from the constant-order policy for long lead time and from the base-stock policy when the cost of losing a sale is large. The PIL policy has lower cost than competing heuristics in a numerical study. The PIL seems to be a promising approach for other inventory systems with a high-dimensional state space, such as the perishable item inventory management problem.
A prospective randomized controlled trial comparing CT-based planning with conventional total hip arthroplasty versus robotic arm-assisted total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Fontalis Andreas , Kayani Babar , Plastow Ricci , Giebaly Dia E. , Tahmassebi Jenni , Haddad Isabella C. , Chambers Alastair , Mancino Fabio , Konan Sujith , Haddad Fares S. 
Published: April 2024

AimsAchieving accurate implant positioning and restoring native hip biomechanics are key surgeon-controlled technical objectives in total hip arthroplasty (THA). The primary objective of this study was to compare the reproducibility of the planned preoperative centre of hip rotation (COR) in patients undergoing robotic arm-assisted THA versus conventional THA.MethodsThis prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) included 60 patients with symptomatic hip osteoarthritis undergoing conventional THA (CO THA) versus robotic arm-assisted THA (RO THA). Patients in both arms underwent pre- and postoperative CT scans, and a patient-specific plan was created using the robotic software. The COR, combined offset, acetabular orientation, and leg length discrepancy were measured on the pre- and postoperative CT scanogram at six weeks following surgery.ResultsThere were no significant differences for any of the baseline characteristics including spinopelvic mobility. The absolute error for achieving the planned horizontal COR was median 1.4 mm (interquartile range (IQR) 0.87 to 3.42) in RO THA versus 4.3 mm (IQR 3 to 6.8; p < 0.001); vertical COR mean 0.91 mm (SD 0.73) in RO THA versus 2.3 mm (SD 1.3; p < 0.001); and combined offset median 2 mm (IQR 0.97 to 5.45) in RO THA versus 3.9 mm (IQR 2 to 7.9; p = 0.019). Improved accuracy was observed with RO THA in achieving the desired acetabular component positioning (root mean square error for anteversion and inclination was 2.6 and 1.3 vs 8.9 and 5.3, repectively) and leg length (mean 0.6 mm vs 1.4 mm; p < 0.001). Patient-reported outcome measures were comparable between the two groups at baseline and one year. Participants in the RO THA group needed fewer physiotherapy sessions postoperatively (median six (IQR 4.5 to 8) vs eight (IQR 6 to 11; p = 0.005).ConclusionThis RCT suggested that robotic-arm assistance in THA was associated with improved accuracy in restoring the native COR, better preservation of the combined offset, leg length correction, and superior accuracy in achieving the desired acetabular component positioning. Further evaluation through long-term and registry data is necessary to assess whether these findings translate into improved implant survival and functional outcomes.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(4):324–335.