bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The nexus between reward management and competitive advantage. A Kenya commercial bank's perspective
Authors: Nyongesa Wesonga Justus , Van Der Westhuizen Johan 
Published: March 2024

The foundation of reward management is the idea that people run organizations; they are the ones that generate value by utilizing company resources to provide goods and services that customers want, and they must be paid for their labour. However, as commercial banks compete for the same talent pool and the expenses are high, reward management is becoming a concern in the banking industry in the twenty-first century. Talent scarcity has existed since globalization allowed talented workers to advertise their skills internationally. Experts are worried about the potential for fierce global talent rivalry, which raises questions about how talent is acquired and kept. This study aimed to examine how the Kenya Commercial Bank's competitive advantage was affected by reward management. The Equity theory of motivation served as the study's theoretical cornerstone. The study's target group was 108 senior and mid-level executives at the KCB headquarters. It was conducted using a case study methodology. Census data were used because the population was not very large. A questionnaire was used to gather the information. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics for frequency and percentages, Pearson correlation analysis, and simple and multiple linear regression. The study found that reward management significantly boosted commercial banks' competitive advantage (r= 0.786, p-value = 0.000). The simple linear regression analysis, used to test the null hypothesis, resulted in its rejection because the t-values were higher than the critical t-values. The majority of respondents maintained that KCB's competitive advantage was influenced by incentive management. Therefore, the study recommended that commercial banks should use suitable reward management to increase their competitive advantage.
A Focussed Analysis of β-cyclodextrins for Quinoxaline Derivatives Synthesis
Authors: Khatoon Hena , Malek Emilia Abdul 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Cyclodextrins (CDs), which are a type of cyclic oligosaccharides, are widely used
in supramolecular chemistry. For example, they can be used to encapsulate volatile compounds,
such as drugs, within their hydrophobic cavity. This encapsulation reduces the volatility
of the compounds and helps to retain their desired properties. Due to its extraordinary
properties, cyclodextrins have been utilized as catalysts in numerous organic synthesis processes.
An intrinsic objective of organic chemists is to optimize the efficacy of organic synthesis
through the mitigation of chemical waste and energy expenditure. Utilizing water as a
green solvent is, therefore, economical, environmentally sustainable, and secure. It appears
that employing water in conjunction with a recyclable catalyst is the most effective method
for supramolecular catalysis. As a consequence, we focused this review on the use of water
as a solvent and cyclodextrin as a polymer catalyst to produce quinoxaline derivatives in an environmentally
friendly and sustainable manner.
Advancing Diagnostics: Evaluating the Potential of Nanoparticle-Based
Immunoassays as PCR Alternatives for Disease Confirmation
Authors: Kurdekar Aditya , Kamisetti Venkataramaniah 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
In diagnostic technologies, search for quick, accurate, and cost-efficient ways to confirm
diseases has prompted the investigation of alternative methodologies to classic PCR-based tests. This
article delves into the growing field of nanoparticle-based immunoassays, offering a comprehensive
evaluation of their potential as viable alternatives to PCR for disease diagnostics. We discuss the
basic principles of nanoparticle-based immunoassays, highlighting their distinctive ability to combine
the specialized binding characteristics of antibodies with the improved detection capacities of
nanoparticles. The article compares the performance attributes of nanoparticle-based immunoassays
with PCR, focusing on sensitivity, specificity, and detection speed. We further delve into a novel
diagnostic technology, immuno-PCR, which integrates the strengths of immunoassays and PCR
techniques. Healthcare systems and stakeholders must comprehend and implement novel diagnostic
procedures emphasizing accuracy and sensitivity as the diagnostic landscape advances globally. This
review contributes to the advancement of diagnostics by synthesizing current research and suggesting
future directions for development. It highlights the transformative potential of current and emerging
methods in shaping the future of disease diagnostics.
Enantioselective Recognition of Chiral Α-Phenylethanol by
Β-Cyclodextrin and Characterization of its Inclusion Behaviour based on
2D ROESY
Authors: Chen Jian , Li Qiulin , Yang Yawen , Qi Liang , Han Xiang , Zhang Nan , Zheng Bin , Chen Fuxin 
Published: March 2024

Background:
α-phenylethanol and its derivatives are important intermediates for the
synthesis of a variety of chiral drugs.

Methods:
The interaction mechanism of the two enantiomers of α-phenylethanol with β-cyclodextrin
(β-CD) was investigated using 1H-NMR and ROESY. The loading of β-CD as the host with
the chiral drug intermediate α-phenylethanol as the guest was investigated using high-resolution
NMR in D2O and quantum chemical calculations.

Results:
The results showed that both α-phenylethanol enantiomers were able to enter into the hydrophobic
cavity of β-CD and undergo enantiospecific interactions, while the combination of 2D
ROESY and quantum chemical calculations showed that the benzene ring of both R and S α-
phenylethanol were inserted into the β-CD cavity toward the small-port end. However, the most
stable poses of the two enantiomers were different, so the benzene ring of the S-enantiomer was
more inclined to position the small-port end of β-CD than that of the R-enantiomer, which was reflected
differently in the signals of 2D ROESY.

Conclusion:
β-CD can enantioselectively recognize the α-phenylethanol enantiomers, and the 2D
ROESY method is a direct and powerful tool in the recognition process of chiral host and guest research.
Antimalarial Effects of Nano Chloroquine Loaded Curcumin In vivo
Authors: Elmi Taher , Tabatabaie Fatemeh , Ardestani Mehdi Shafiee , Dalimi Abdolhossein , Ghaffarifar Fatemeh , Zamani Zahra , Maleki Fatemeh 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Malaria is still the deadliest parasitic disease caused by Plasmodium
spp. Due to drug resistance and their unpleasant side effects, of conventional researchers are
enormously seeking to achieve antimalarial drugs with more curative effective, less toxic and
cost-affordable drugs using more advanced technology such as nanodrugs

Purpose:
The present study aimed to examine the antimalarial effects of a novel synthesized
nonochloroquine-loaded curcumin relying on dendrimer G2 in susceptible mice.

Methods:
Antimalarial activity and toxicity of the nanocomposite were examined on BALB/C
mice with microscopy, checking RBCs morphology and related enzymatic activity rate.

Results:
The maximum inhibitory effect of the nanocomposite was seen at 10 mg/kg, killing 98%
of P. berghei compared to sole chloroquine, whereas ED50 was reported at 5.5 mg/kg. The safety
of the synthesized nanocomposite was confirmed with biochemical tests with no detrimental effects on mice. The sustainability and longevity of the nanodrug increased significantly with the
NDC-CQ assay compared to the control groups

Conclusion:
The study showed that nonochloroquine-loaded curcumin had a promising inhibitory effect on P. berghei growth in infected mice compared to standard drugs. However, further
studies and clinical trials with large samples are recommended to study different aspects of using
nanodrug.
Efficacy of Nano-curcumin Supplementation on Depression,
Anxiety, Stress and Clinical Symptoms in Migraine Patients: A
Randomized Double-blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Mojtahedi Sayed Yousef , Abdolahi Mina , Rahimi Azghadi Malihe Sadat , Sedighiyan Mohsen 
Published: March 2024

Background::
Migraine is a debilitating neuroinflammatory disorder. Patients
with migraine often experience elevated levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, which are
associated with the frequency and severity of migraine attacks. Curcumin has been shown
to have regulatory effects on depression, anxiety, and stress, as well as analgesic properties
through various mechanisms. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of nanocurcumin
supplementation on depression, anxiety, stress, and clinical manifestations in
patients with migraine.

Methodology::
This study was conducted as a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. A
total of forty-four patients with episodic migraines were recruited for the trial. Stratified
randomization was employed to ensure a balanced distribution of participants based on
BMI and sex. The patients were equally assigned to two groups using permuted block randomization:
1) the intervention group, which received 80 mg of nano-curcumin, and 2) the
placebo (control) group, which received a paraffin-based placebo. The intervention and
control periods lasted for 2 months. Anthropometric and demographic data, clinical signs
and symptoms (including headache frequency, duration, and severity as reported by the
patients), as well as stress, anxiety, and depression scores (using the Dass-21 questionnaire),
were recorded before and after the study. The collected data were analyzed using
SPSS 22. For normally distributed data, paired t-tests and independent t-tests were utilized.
Non-normal data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test and Mann-Whitney U test. The
chi-squared test was employed for categorical variables. To account for confounding factors,
the ANCOVA test was conducted. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically
significant. The intention-to-treat method was applied to address outliers and missing data.

Results::
Based on the findings, the current study demonstrates that supplementation with
nano-curcumin can effectively mitigate symptoms of depression and anxiety (p < 0.05).
Regarding stress, a noticeable reduction within the nano-curcumin group was observed,
although it did not reach statistical significance when compared between groups (p > 0.05).
Moreover, nano-curcumin exhibited a significant decrease in the frequency, duration, and
severity of headaches (p < 0.05).

Conclusion::
Our research findings have shown that supplementation with nano-curcumin can
effectively decrease the frequency, severity, and duration of headaches while also alleviating
symptoms of depression and anxiety in comparison to the placebo group. Hence, curcumin exhibits
significant potential as an adjuvant therapy to enhance the treatment of migraines.
Capability of GPT-4V(ision) in the Japanese National Medical Licensing Examination: Evaluation Study
Authors: Nakao Takahiro , Miki Soichiro , Nakamura Yuta , Kikuchi Tomohiro , Nomura Yukihiro , Hanaoka Shouhei , Yoshikawa Takeharu , Abe Osamu 
Published: March 2024

Background
Previous research applying large language models (LLMs) to medicine was focused on text-based information. Recently, multimodal variants of LLMs acquired the capability of recognizing images.

Objective
We aim to evaluate the image recognition capability of generative pretrained transformer (GPT)-4V, a recent multimodal LLM developed by OpenAI, in the medical field by testing how visual information affects its performance to answer questions in the 117th Japanese National Medical Licensing Examination.

Methods
We focused on 108 questions that had 1 or more images as part of a question and presented GPT-4V with the same questions under two conditions: (1) with both the question text and associated images and (2) with the question text only. We then compared the difference in accuracy between the 2 conditions using the exact McNemar test.

Results
Among the 108 questions with images, GPT-4V’s accuracy was 68% (73/108) when presented with images and 72% (78/108) when presented without images (P=.36). For the 2 question categories, clinical and general, the accuracies with and those without images were 71% (70/98) versus 78% (76/98; P=.21) and 30% (3/10) versus 20% (2/10; P≥.99), respectively.

Conclusions
The additional information from the images did not significantly improve the performance of GPT-4V in the Japanese National Medical Licensing Examination.
PERKEMBANGAN SOSIAL PADA ANAK BILINGUAL
Authors: Adniy Syeira Rifdah , Nugroho Diaz Aristawidya , Apsari Nurliana Cipta 
Published: March 2024

Abstrak Sehubungan dengan terjadinya globalisasi, kemampuan dwibahasa atau bilingual menjadi sesuatu yang umum terjadi. Masa anak-anak merupakan masa di mana dapat terjadi perkembangan secara pesat, yang berkaitan juga dengan perkembangan kemampuan sosial dan kemampuan dwibahasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana perkembangan sosial yang terjadi pada anak bilingual serta bagaimana faktor yang mempengaruhi dan bagaimana pemaksimalan potensi bilingual dapat dilakukan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode studi literatur atau studi pustaka dari berbagai sumber dan temuan di internet. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa usia dini merupakan masa emas bagi perkembangan bilingual bagi anak dan terdapat berbagai metode yang dapat dilakukan untuk memaksimalkan potensi tersebut. AbstractDue to globalization, bilingual skills are common. Childhood is a period when rapid development can occur, which is also related to the development of social skills and bilingual abilities. This study aims to see how social development occurs in bilingual children and how the factors influence it and how bilingual potential can be maximized. The research was conducted using the method of literature study or literature study from various sources and findings on the internet. The results of this study indicate that early childhood is a golden period for bilingual development for children and there are various methods that can be used to maximize this potential.
TikTok talks teeth: a quantitative and qualitative analysis of fixed appliance related TikTok videos
Authors: Mei Li , Wang Zhixin , Guo Olivia , Zhang Lucy , Guan Guangzhao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Aim
To quantitatively and qualitatively analyse the content, reliability and quality of TikTok videos related to orthodontic fixed appliances.

Methods
A new TikTok account was created, and three searches were conducted (#braces, #braceface and #bracetips). A total of 150 videos (n = 50 featured in the ‘Top’ tab were extracted for each of the three searches) were assessed for the analyses of quality, content and reliability using the modified DISCERN tool, a content score, and the Global Quality Scale (GQS).

Results
A total of 136 videos satisfied the inclusion criteria, involving 46.3% identified by dental professionals and 53.7% identified by laypersons. Of these, the videos uploaded by dental professionals rated higher in the three scoring tools compared to laypersons. The GQS score of videos was 2.36/5 and the content score was 1.31/5. Over 60% of the videos were of poor quality according to the GQS scale. A strong correlation between GQS and DISCERN scores was found.

Conclusion
The overall content, reliability, and quality of TikTok videos regarding orthodontic fixed appliances was poor. The videos allowed patients to supplement their knowledge about fixed appliances and become more involved in their orthodontic care; however, guidelines should be explored to ensure the dissemination of accurate orthodontic information on TikTok.
Evaluation of the prevalence and laboratory test results of overt thyrotoxicosis cases
Authors: Ezber Rabia , Ülgen Ebru Demir , Ateş İhsan , Yilmaz Nisbet 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
The frequency of thyrotoxicosis may vary between countries and some laboratory test results may be used in etiology research. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of thyrotoxicosis diagnoses and laboratory test results.

Methods
3246 patients with overt thyrotoxicosis were included in this study. Laboratory test results, epicrisis, thyroid ultrasonography, thyroid scintigraphy, and radioactive iodine uptake test reports of the patients were examined in the study.

Results
Thyrotoxicosis was found due to levothyroxine overdose in 58.1% of the patients. When this group was excluded, 36.1% of the patients were diagnosed with toxic multinodular goiter most frequently. TRab levels were 8.5 times higher in Graves’ disease than in other diagnostic groups. Anti-TPO levels were found to be the highest in the Graves’ disease and Hashitoxicosis groups compared to other diagnostic groups (p<0.001). Anti-Tg levels were found to be highest in Graves’ disease, Postpartum thyroiditis, and Hashitoxicosis patients (p<0.001). The free triiodothyronine / free thyroxine ratio was significantly higher, a cut-off value of >2.94 provided a sensitivity of 66% and specificity of 64% in diagnosing Graves’ disease.

Conclusion
The causes of thyrotoxicosis show some differences between countries. Patients using levothyroxine should be informed about drug use and dose titration. The free triiodothyronine / free thyroxine ratio can be used in addition to other tests during diagnosis.
EDUKASI KEBERSIHAN DIRI SAAT MENSTRUASI KEPADA PEDAGANG WANITA DI PASAR RAYA KOTA SOLOK
Authors: Ramadani Mery , Markolinda Yessy , Augia Trisfa 
Published: March 2024

Menurut WHO 10-15% dari 100 juta perempuan di dunia terkena infeksi saluran reproduksi, dikarenakan kurangnya pengetahuan mereka mengenai kesehatan organ reproduksi. Pengetahuan yang kurang mengenai personal hygiene saat menstruasi bukan hanya meningkatkan resiko terjadinya infeksi saluran reproduksi (ISR) namun bisa menimbulkan infeksi saluran kemih (ISK), penyakit radang panggul (PRP), dan kemungkinan terburuknya bisa menyebabkan kanker rahim yang merupakan penyebab kematian nomor satu pada Wanita. Untuk mencegah kejadian ini, perlu memberikan pengetahun yang benar kepada perempuan mengenai kebersihan diri. Terlebih lagi, perempuan dengan aktivitas atau pekerjaan tertentu seringkali terkendala dalam menerapkan perilaku kebersihan ini. Salah satunya adalah pedagang pasar tradisional. Kondisi lingkungan pasar yang kumuh dan lembab sudah pasti menjadi sarang dari berbagai kuman. Tubuh menjadi kotor dan organ vital juga menjadi berkeringat, lembab dan gatal. Jika pedagang wanita sedang dalam periode menstruasi, tentu akan menambah lagi rasa tidak nyaman selama beraktivitas. Kondisi ini diperparah, jika fasilitas kebersihan seperti toilet umum dengan air bersih yang disediakan pihak pengelola pasar, tidak memadai. Tujuan kegiatan ini untuk memberikan edukasi kepada wanita usia subur pedagang pasar, mengenai praktik kebersihan diri saat menstruasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah dan menggunakan media brosur kesehatan. Dilakukan pre-test dan post-tes untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya perubahan pengetahuan kelompok sasaran. Dari kegiatan ini bisa dilihat terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan menjadi 58%.
TEKNOLOGI SILASE JERAMI JAGUNG HIBRIDA SEBAGAI PAKAN TERNAK DI NAGARI TUIK IV KOTO MUDIEK KECAMATAN BATANG KAPAS KABUPATEN PESISIR SELATAN
Authors: Afrijon Afrijon , Murnita Murnita , Gusriati Gusriati 
Published: March 2024

Pakan adalah aspek yang sangat penting menunjang kesuksesan usaha peternakan. Ternak ruminansia sangat bertopang pada pakan hijauan. Ketersediaan hijauan amat berfluktuasi, melimpah pada musim hujan dan langka pada musim kemarau. Brangkasan (jerami) jagung merupakan salah satu hasil samping pertanian yang berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai pengganti pakan ternak ruminansia. Tujuan kegiatan ini yaitu: (1) Mensosialisasikan upaya petani untuk menggunakan jerami jagung hibrida sebagai bahan pakan ternak (silase), dan (2) Meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan petani untuk menggunakan jerami jagung hibrida sebagai bahan pakan ternak (silase). Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Nagari Tuik IV Koto Mudiek, Kecamatan Batang Kapas Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah: pembekalan, koordinasi, mengantarkan mahasiswa ke lokasi, sosialisasi dan penyuluhan, praktik, pemantauan, penilaian dan tindak lanjut. Hasil teknologi silase jerami jagung hibrida sebagai pakan ternak yaitu terjadinya peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan peternak sapi dari aspek pakan ternak berupa silase, yang bersumber dari limbah pertanian yaitu jerami jagung hibrida dengan penambahan gula merah dan dedak halus. Sebagai bukti keberhasilan dapat dilihat dari mitra aktif mengikuti pelatihan dan berkomitmen membuat pakan ternak (silase) kembali yaitu 100 %, dan mitra mendapatkan pemahaman yang baik mengenai pakan ternak, silase, manfaat, kelebihan, kekurangan dan fungsi bahan aditif serta keterampilan dalam mengerjakan dan pembuatan ulang silase dari jerami jagung meningkat dengan rata-rata sebesar 88,75 %.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN PESTISIDA NABATI UNTUK PENGENDALIAN HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TANAMAN DI DESA CUBADAK AIR KECAMATAN PARIAMAN UTARA KOTA PARIAMAN
Authors: Yanti Yulmira , Suryani Wiwik , Yumidiona Gliceri , Afisti Salsabilla , Iqbal Muhammad , Nouvensi Ichlasul Farhan , Sari Astri Permata , Capatagi Ge Gatra Gova , Sari Putri Mawar 
Published: March 2024

Penggunaan pestisida sintetik yang berlebihan dan tidak tepat guna memicu terjadinya kerusakan ekosistem. Dampak negatif penggunaan pestisida dapat berupa resistensi hama, resurgensi, kematian musuh alami, meninggalkan residu pada hasil tanaman, dan pencemaran lingkungan. Selain dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan, penggunaan pestisida sintetik membebani petani sebab harga yang relatif mahal. Pestisida nabati menjadi alternatif pengendalian organisme pengganggu tanaman (OPT). Maka diadakan sosialisasi pembuatan pestisida nabati di Desa Cubadak Air Kecamatan Pariaman Utara Kota Pariaman. Tujuan kegiatan pembuatan pestisida nabati yaitu untuk mengurangi penggunaan pestisida sintetik, mengurangi biaya pengendalian, dan menjaga ekosistem pertanian. Kegiatan pembuatan pestisida nabati telah dilaksanakan pada 19- 20 Juli 2023 di Desa Cubadak Air Kecamatan Pariaman Utara Kota Pariaman. Metode yang digunakan yaitu demonstrasi pembuatan pestisida nabati secara langsung kepada kelompok tani dan masyarakat Desa Cubadak Air. Hasil yang diperoleh setelah dilaksanakan kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pembuatan pestisida nabati yaitu petani dapat membuat pestisida nabati secara langsung sehingga dapat membantu perekonomian petani dengan cara mengurangi biaya pembelian pestisida dengan cara memanfaatkan tumbuhan liar seperti gulma untuk digunakan sebagai pestisida nabati. Pelatihan pembuatan pestisida nabati berjalan dengan lancar dan peserta antusias terhadap materi yang disampaikan. Penggunaan pestisida nabati yang ramah lingkungan dan memanfaatkan sumber daya alam yang ada sehingga keseimbangan ekosistem tetap terjaga.