bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Law of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Republic of Poland: concerning reform and problems of independence
Authors: Kopcha Vasyl 
Published: March 2024

This article aims to analyze the development of the law of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Republic of Poland in terms of its constitutional and legislative status, as well as the problems associated with the constitutional crisis. Special attention is paid to legislative measures aimed at weakening the body of constitutional jurisdiction in Poland, in particular, a significant reduction in guarantees of the independence of the Constitutional Tribunal.
It was concluded that the law of December 22, 2015, the method of its adoption and entry into force demonstrates an attempt to remove it from the mechanisms of constitutional control (lack of time “distance” between official promulgation and entry into force). On the other hand, its content provides a set of means that encroach on the independence of the Tribunal, including: 1) a quorum of 13 out of 15 judges (there were 12 active judges); 2) the general condition for approval of decisions is at least two-thirds of votes; 3) minimum terms for the initiation of case consideration, which make the urgency of case consideration impossible; 4) giving the president and the minister of justice the right to initiate disciplinary proceedings against a judge; 5) participation of the Seimas in the termination of a judge’s The above means, in combination with the means provided by the law of November 19, 2015 (which terminated the powers of the chairman and deputy chairman of the Constitutional Tribunal), indicate the use of the legal instrument outside the rule of law.
Regarding the directions of limiting the guarantees of independence of the Constitutional Tribunal, increasing its politicization through the use of the instrument of the law. The nature of such means revealed the intention of the legislator to take them beyond the limits of constitutional control and to sharply limit and complicate the work of the Constitutional Tribunal. This approach shows a potential threat from the parliamentary majority to use a special law on the constitutional court to narrow the effectiveness of the institution of constitutional control.
Academic Procrastination as a Predictor of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Among College Students
Authors: Umar Rabia , Nazir Mishal , Mazhar Anamaza , Hayat Umar , Khan Zainab Kausar , Iqbal Areeba 
Published: March 2024

Procrastination is associated with negative consequences concerning mental health, performance as well as physical and psychological well-being. Procrastination has been found to be an instinctive response to depression, anxiety and stress among college students. The study was conducted to investigate the impact of academic procrastination on psychological burden among students. This quantitative nature of study was completed through correlational research design. Survey was conducted as a method of data collection. Convenient sampling technique was used to select the sample of 251 college students. The collected data were analyzed on SPSS. Inferential statistics was utilized to test hypotheses. Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis was performed. Findings of the study reveal that academic procrastination is significant positive predictor of psychological burden (depression, anxiety and stress) among college students. Moreover, there is positive relationship between academic procrastination, depression, anxiety and stress.
Pendampingan Usaha Minuman Smoothies Time Mahasiswa Universitas Kristen Toraja
Authors: Lisa Kurniasari Wibisono  , Helba Rundupadang  , Agustinus Mantong  , Randi Tangdialla  , Althon K. Pongtuluran  
Published: March 2024

Indonesia is a tropical country, therefore cold and sweet drinks are a favorite sought after by the market. This activity aims to introduce smoothies times products directly to the public. In addition, to remind people to live healthy by consuming smoothies. The peculiarities of the entire Time Smoothies product include the raw material, namely fruit. The fruit that is the main ingredient of the product is fresh fruit and without preservatives so that the quality of the drink will be guaranteed
Student Participation in the Activities of the Department's Student Association (HMJ) is Connected with Learning Achievements in the Department of Mechanical Engineering Education, Manado State University
Authors: Tamba I. Parsaoran 
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between student participation in the activities of the Department Student Association (MHJ) and Student Learning Achievement. The object of research was students of the Department of Mechanical Engineering Education with a total sample of 65 students. The statistics used are non-parametric statistics with analysis using Chi Squared. The results of the analysis showed that there was no relationship between student participation in HMJ activities and the learning achievements achieved by students with the proven calculation results which showed that the chi squared count was smaller than the chi squared table (χ2calculate = 0.764 < χ2table = 9.94). The conclusion is that students can participate in all HMJ activities while running lectures to get good or excellent learning achievements. Keywords: Participation, Department Student Association (MHJ), Learning Achievement
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Buku Tamu Pada Website Kantor Pencarian Dan Pertolongan Kelas A Medan
Authors: Yanti Fitri rahya , Br Purba Yunita dana yanti , Santoso Heri 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Medan Class A Search and Rescue Office is a government agency whose main task is to carry out rescue, search and rescue operations. This agency is also a bridge for coordination with other agencies to improve the evacuation process in certain circumstances. An agency visit often occurs to this agency. Visitors or guests are often recorded in a special agenda or book which is recorded conventionally. This condition is certainly less effective because recording is still carried out using physical books which are easily damaged and often cause queues when guests register themselves. After knowing this problem, the author designed a guest book information system which was intended to fill in the features on the Medan Class A Search and Relief Office website. The goal is to fill in guest data more neatly and not cause data loss or damage. The method used in this research is the waterfall method, this method has its own specifications, so that a system can be developed according to what is desired. The way this method works is systematically and gradually so that all information and results will be recorded well and distributed accurately and quickly. The system was built using the PHP programming language with MySQL as the database.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Siswa Baru Berbasis Web
Authors: Fadhli Erlangga Lubis Bayu , Nurul Amanda Khairani Lubis  , Dwi Tyas Nurul Lita  , Friska Andriani  , Annisatul Padlah  
Published: March 2024

Kemajuan teknologi baru-baru ini berkembang sangat cepat serta dapat menjawab tantangan dan hambatan. Salah satu bentuk pemanfaatan teknologi dapat digunakan dalam bidang Pendidikan dengan menggunakan Sistem Informasi Berbasis web dalam penerimaan siswa baru. SMA Swasta Prayatna Medan merupakan Sekolah Menegah Atas Swasta yang memiliki 2 jurusan yaitu IPA dan IPS.SMA Prayatna Medan setiap tahunnya membuka pendaftaran siswa baru,SMA Swasta Prayatna Medan masih melakukan sistem manual yaitu mencatat semua nama nama siswa yang ingin mendaftar menggunakan buku dan fomulir pendaftaran dan menyimpan berkas nya di dalam lemari.Hal ini menjadikan para pihak sekolah kesulitan dalam mengelolah data yang setiap waktunya akan berubah terus menerus.Solusi dari permasalahan yang terjadi di SMA Prayatna Medan adalah membangun Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Siswa Baru Berbasis Web di SMA Prayatna. Sistem ini dikembangkan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP Native dengan menggunakan Framework bosstrap dan MysSql sebagai database. Metode yang digunakan dalam membangun sistem ini adalah menggunakan metode waterfall. Sistem ini diharapkan dapat mempermudah dan mempercepat proses pengelolaan data calon siswa baru.
Resting heart rate and risk of dementia: a Mendelian randomization study in the international genomics of Alzheimer’s Project and UK Biobank
Authors: Chen Xingxing , Zheng Yi , Wang Jun , Yue Blake , Zhang Xian , Nakai Kenta , Yan Lijing L. 
Published: March 2024

Background
Observational studies have demonstrated that a higher resting heart rate (RHR) is associated with an increased risk of dementia. However, it is not clear whether the association is causal. This study aimed to determine the causal effects of higher genetically predicted RHR on the risk of dementia.

Methods
We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the causal effect of higher genetically predicted RHR on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies. The generalized summary Mendelian randomization (GSMR) analysis was used to analyze the corresponding effects of RHR on following different outcomes: 1) diagnosis of AD (International Genomics of Alzheimer’s Project), 2) family history (maternal and paternal) of AD from UK Biobank, 3) combined meta-analysis including these three GWAS results. Further analyses were conducted to determine the possibility of reverse causal association by adjusting for RHR modifying medication.

Results
The results of GSMR showed no significant causal effect of higher genetically predicted RHR on the risk of AD (βGSMR = 0.12, P = 0.30). GSMR applied to the maternal family history of AD (βGSMR = −0.18, P = 0.13) and to the paternal family history of AD (βGSMR = −0.14, P = 0.39) showed the same results. Furthermore, the results were robust after adjusting for RHR modifying drugs (βGSMR = −0.03, P = 0.72).

Conclusion
Our study did not find any evidence that supports a causal effect of RHR on dementia. Previous observational associations between RHR and dementia are likely attributed to the correlation between RHR and other cardiovascular diseases.
The impact of FASTQ and alignment read order on structural variant calling from long-read sequencing data
Authors: Lesack Kyle J. , Wasmuth James D. 
Published: March 2024

Background
Structural variant (SV) calling from DNA sequencing data has been challenging due to several factors, including the ambiguity of short-read alignments, multiple complex SVs in the same genomic region, and the lack of “truth” datasets for benchmarking. Additionally, caller choice, parameter settings, and alignment method are known to affect SV calling. However, the impact of FASTQ read order on SV calling has not been explored for long-read data.

Results
Here, we used PacBio DNA sequencing data from 15 Caenorhabditis elegans strains and four Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes to evaluate the sensitivity of different SV callers on FASTQ read order. Comparisons of variant call format files generated from the original and permutated FASTQ files demonstrated that the order of input data affected the SVs predicted by each caller. In particular, pbsv was highly sensitive to the order of the input data, especially at the highest depths where over 70% of the SV calls generated from pairs of differently ordered FASTQ files were in disagreement. These demonstrate that read order sensitivity is a complex, multifactorial process, as the differences observed both within and between species varied considerably according to the specific combination of aligner, SV caller, and sequencing depth. In addition to the SV callers being sensitive to the input data order, the SAMtools alignment sorting algorithm was identified as a source of variability following read order randomization.

Conclusion
The results of this study highlight the sensitivity of SV calling on the order of reads encoded in FASTQ files, which has not been recognized in long-read approaches. These findings have implications for the replication of SV studies and the development of consistent SV calling protocols. Our study suggests that researchers should pay attention to the input order sensitivity of read alignment sorting methods when analyzing long-read sequencing data for SV calling, as mitigating a source of variability could facilitate future replication work. These results also raise important questions surrounding the relationship between SV caller read order sensitivity and tool performance. Therefore, tool developers should also consider input order sensitivity as a potential source of variability during the development and benchmarking of new and improved methods for SV calling.
Physico-Chemical Parameters and Bacteriological Quality Assessment of Some Domestic Water Sources in Pankshin LGA of Plateau State Nigeria
Authors: Chukwu Anthonia C  , Zipporah Duguryil P  , Lubis Sati , Gambo Nanbol N  , Denji Kitka B  
Published: March 2024

Due to human activity and other natural influences, drinking water is seldom found in 100% pure forms in nature. Drinking polluted water is a major source of sickness in underdeveloped nations. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and standard methodologies for the investigation of water and wastewater were followed in the analysis of the collected water samples, which were conducted using automated instrumental methods. The obtained results indicated that the samples used had the following ranges of concentrations: SO42- ranges from ND to 19.00 mg/L; NO3- ranges from 4.40 to 100.32 mg/L; PO42- from 2.02-11,34 mg/L; pH 6.64 to 7.70; Cd from 0.0020 ± 0.001 to 0245 ± 0.01 mg/L; Ni, from 0.0074 ± 0.003 to 0.848 ± 0.021 mg/L; Cr, ND to 0.386 ± 0.082 mg/L; Pb ND to 0.428 ± 0.003 mg/L; total bacteria count TaBC, 4 x 102 to 3.3 x 104 CFU/mL. Most of the physicochemical parameters were above acceptable limits. The bacteriological study of the water samples also revealed that the water samples were all polluted with bacteria and coliforms. From the foregoing, these drinking water sources, therefore require treatment before consumption to minimize or avoid the incidences of water-related diseases.
Milk composition varies in relation to the presence and abundance of Balantidium coli in the mother in captive rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Hinde Katherine 
Published: January 2007

AbstractPrimate infants require extensive maternal investment, and lactation is the most expensive aspect of this investment. However, the relationship between maternal condition and milk composition has been largely uninvestigated in primates. To better understand this relationship, I collected mid‐lactation milk samples from 46 captive multiparous rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) at the Caribbean Primate Research Center, Sabana Seca Field Station, Puerto Rico. The maternal variables assessed were age, weight, weight for crown–rump length (CRL), and presence of parasites. Additionally the analysis included infant age, weight, and sex. Protein concentration in milk showed little interindividual variation, whereas fat had a high variance. Mothers without the lower intestinal parasite Balantidium coli had a significantly higher fat concentration in milk than mothers with B. coli, but other parasite species (Trichuris trichiura and Strongyloides fulleborni) were not associated with milk fat concentration. Females with younger infants had a higher fat concentration in their milk than mothers with older infants; however, the association between B. coli and milk fat remained significant after controlling for infant age. These results, obtained from a well fed captive population, indicate that even small differences among mothers are associated with milk composition. Am. J. Primatol. 69:625–634, 2007. © 2007 Wiley Liss, Inc.
Lateral bias to the leading limb in an olfactory social signal by male ring‐tailed lemurs
Authors: Mertl‐Millhollen Anne S. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractBecause ring‐tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) show handedness during feeding, I investigated whether they also show lateral preference in the limbs used by males during scent marking. During a bout of marking, a male alternates a variable number of shoulder rubs and arm marks. It is a complex social signal that has both olfactory and visual components and is frequently part of intrasexual agonistic interactions. I used all‐occurrences behavior sampling, manually recorded all totally visible bouts, and required a minimum of 50 bouts per animal. The subjects included six wild and four group‐living captive male lemurs. I considered limb usage to be lateralized for each individual lemur if the frequency of use of one side was significantly above chance as determined by binomial z‐scores at P<.05. I measured consistency of lateral preference by calculating handedness index (HI) scores for each individual. Overall, I recorded 1,583 bouts of scent marking, and 66% of the bouts began with shoulder rubbing. Eight of the 10 males showed a significant, moderately strong lateral preference for the lead limb in the first shoulder rub performed in a bout, and for six of these eight the preferred lead limb for shoulder rubbing was the left one. Six of the 10 males showed a significant but weak lateral preference in the first arm mark, and five of these preferred the opposite limb to that used for the first shoulder rub. Although the preferences were not at the population level, eight of the 10 lemurs showed a lateral bias in the lead limb used for a component of this complex social signal. Am. J. Primatol. 69:635–640, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ovarian morphometrics in TP53‐deficient mice
Authors: Alexander Brenda M. , Van Kirk Edward A. , Naughton Leann M.A. , Murdoch William J. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe objective of these investigations was to characterize ovarian responses to hormonal stimulation in TP53‐deficient mice. TP53‐deficient (KO) and wild‐type (WT) mice were induced to ovulate with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin followed by human chorionic gonadotropin. Effect of estradiol on ovarian morphology was determined in induced and control mice implanted with estradiol‐containing or placebo pellets. Blood was collected and mice were killed 7 days following implantation. Preserved ovaries were serially sectioned and stained. Numbers of follicles (all classifications) decreased with ovulation induction, but did not differ between WT and KO mice. Numbers of corpora lutea (CL) were less in ovulation‐induced KO mice treated with estradiol compared to WT mice. Area of individual CL and serum concentrations of progesterone were greater in ovulation‐induced KO mice given estradiol compared to WT mice. Ovulation‐induced KO mice had more, larger hemorrhagic follicles than similarly treated WT mice, but hemorrhagic follicles were not influenced by estradiol. Proliferation of ovarian surface epithelial cells did not differ between KO and WT mice induced to ovulate and given estradiol. Ovaries from TP53 gene knockout mice (n = 4) induced to ovulate and given a 21‐day estradiol implant three times over 58 days were observed for precursor lesions. There was no indication of precursor lesions in any TP53 KO or WT mouse. TP53 status did not influence recruitment of follicles, but TP53 deficiency hindered the ability of human chorionic gonadotropin to cause ovulation. Anat Rec, 290:59–64, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential organelle movement on the actin cytoskeleton in lily pollen tubes
Authors: Lovy‐Wheeler Alenka , Cárdenas Luis , Kunkel Joseph G. , Hepler Peter K. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractWe have examined the arrangement and movement of three major compartments, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria, and the vacuole during oscillatory, polarized growth in lily pollen tubes. These movements are dependent on the actin cytoskeleton, because they are strongly perturbed by the anti‐microfilament drug, latrunculin‐B, and unaffected by the anti‐microtubule agent, oryzalin. The ER, which has been labeled with mGFP5‐HDEL or cytochalasin D tetramethylrhodamine, displays an oscillatory motion in the pollen tube apex. First it moves apically in the cortical region, presumably along the cortical actin fringe, and then periodically folds inward creating a platform that transects the apical domain in a plate‐like structure. Finally, the ER reverses its direction and moves basipetally through the central core of the pollen tube. When subjected to cross‐correlation analysis, the formation of the platform precedes maximal growth rates by an average of 3 s (35–40°). Mitochondria, labeled with Mitotracker Green, are enriched in the subapical region, and their movement closely resembles that of the ER. The vacuole, labeled with carboxy‐dichlorofluorescein diacetate, consists of thin tubules arranged longitudinally in a reticulate network, which undergoes active motion. In contrast to the mitochondria and ER, the vacuole is located back from the apex, and never extends into the apical clear zone. We have not been able to decipher an oscillatory pattern in vacuole motion. Because this motion is dependent on actin and not tubulin, we think this is due to a different myosin from that which drives the ER and mitochondria. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Post silanization improves bond strength of translucent posts to flowable composite resins
Authors: Albaladejo Alberto , Osorio Raquel , Papacchini Federica , Goracci Cecilia , Toledano Manuel , Ferrari Marco 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of post silanization on the microtensile bond strength (MTBS) of translucent fiber posts to seven flowable composite resins used as core material. Seventy fiber posts were employed. In half of the posts, silanization was performed with Monobond‐S. A cylindrical plastic matrix was placed around the post and filled with different resins: UniFil Flow Experimental, UniFil Low Flow Plus Experimental, Venus Flow, Revolution Formula 2, Point 4 Flowable, X‐Flow, and Wave mv. Five posts were bonded per group. After polymerization, two longitudinal cuts were made on two opposite sides of the post at its outermost periphery. Then, each specimen was serially sectioned, obtaining 30–35 beams with 1‐mm2 cross‐sectional area. Each beam was tested in tension in an Instron machine at 0.5 mm/min. ANOVA and Student Newman Keuls tests were performed. The different resin composite materials and the post silanization procedure had a significant effect on MTBS. The application of a silane coupling agent increased MTBS of flowable composite resins to translucent posts. X‐flow and Point 4 attained the highest MTBS regardless of the silane treatment. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2007
Fibroblastic interactions with high‐porosity Ti‐6Al‐4V metal foam
Authors: Cheung Serene , Gauthier Maxime , Lefebvre Louis‐Philippe , Dunbar Michael , Filiaggi Mark 
Published: January 2007

AbstractA novel metallic Ti‐6Al‐4V foam in development at the National Research Council of Canada was investigated for its ability to foster cell attachment and growth using a fibroblast cell culture model. The foam was manufactured via a powder metallurgical process that could produce interconnected porosity greater than 70%. Cell attachment was assessed after 6 and 24 h, while proliferation was examined after 3 and 7 days. Ingrown fibroblasts displayed a number of different morphologies; some fibroblasts were spread thinly in close apposition with the irregular surface, or more often had several anchorage points and extended in three dimensions as they spanned pore space. It was also demonstrated that fibroblasts were actively migrating through the porous scaffold over a 14‐day period. In a 60‐day extended culture, fibroblasts were bridging and filling macropores and had extensively infiltrated the foams. Overall, it was established that this foam was supportive of cell attachment and proliferation, migration through the porous network, and that it was capable of sustaining a large cell population. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2007