bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges Confronting Mass Survey Research and its Pluralistic Response
Authors: Smidt Corwin D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter reviews contemporary challenges to mass survey research and their consequences for scientific inferences and contributions to public understanding. Despite costly challenges, notable errors in recent prominent elections, and the potential for misuses, polling continues to be a popular and accurate means for measuring and understanding public opinion. A diversity of survey methods has grown to account for the challenges confronting survey research. This growth has expanded and enhanced the research applications of the field but also requires more efforts from scholars to account for a greater diversity of threats to inference. The contributions of modern mass survey research remain impressive, but its continued prominence depends on a more rigorous effort to understand what types of methods support the types of inferences sought, as well as greater efforts at educating the public accordingly. Although its methods may not be as uniform and as definite as in the past, mass survey research remains a prominent, core method of analysis within the social sciences.
Neurodiversity-Affirming EMDR Therapy with Autism and ADHD
Authors: Clarke A. , Darker-Smith S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter integrates principles of the neurodiversity-affirming paradigm with EMDR therapy for children who have a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (autism) and/or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A summary of the rapidly evolving literature regarding autism and ADHD is provided, including current estimates of prevalence rates and a brief overview of gender/racial bias in diagnostic criteria. Autistic and ADHD children are at high risk of experiencing adverse life events and subsequent negative mental health outcomes. Social isolation, difficulties managing impulsive behavior, and internalization of societal stigma about being “disordered” place autistic and ADHD children at significant risk of developing negative beliefs about themselves and/or the world. EMDR therapy holds promise for alleviating impacts of negative core beliefs and symptoms of trauma in this population. Adaptations for EMDR therapy with autistic and ADHD children are explored, ensuring that all recommendations are aligned with strengths-based and affirming frameworks for understanding neurocognitive difference.
Agendas, Decisions, and Autonomy
Authors: Pavone Tommaso 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Legal scholars and social scientists have long traced how private attorneys influence judicial behaviour. By contrast, a cohesive and comparative agenda probing how government lawyers impact the courts remains elusive. This chapter serves as a springboard for this agenda by identifying three ways that government attorneys influence judicial behaviour: by shaping judicial agendas, decisions, and autonomy. The chapter suggests that each mode of influence tends to be wielded by a distinct type of government lawyer—public prosecutors, government litigators, and executive branch attorneys—and illustrates the mechanisms driving their influence over judges via concrete examples. First, the author spotlights research delineating how government lawyers in law enforcement roles can wield a ‘politics of discretion’ to shape judges’ agendas and their supervisory capacity by strategically withholding or prioritizing particular lawsuits. Next, he highlights studies demonstrating how attorneys representing governments in court can engage in a ‘politics of positionality’, leveraging their role as intermediaries and repeat players to influence judgments—provided that their credibility as litigators is not hampered by overt politicization. Finally, the chapter chronicles a burgeoning literature on attorneys in the executive branch who weaponize their legal training to undermine judicial independence and manufacture obeisance—what the author calls ‘power politics, lawyer-style’.
Legalism and Professional Norms
Authors: Morell Alexander 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Empirical scholars have set out to refute legalism in a simple version. Legalism has been said to hold that ‘the law is “out there”, distinct from morals and politics, legal rules are determinate, the legal system is complete’. These elements stem from different and partially contradicting legal theories: the declaratory theory of law, formalism, and positivism. The chapter traces the roots of simple legalism following a comparative approach across disciplines (empirical and doctrinal), within legal scholarship, and between the common law and civil law. It finds that except for a certain form of positivism, legal scholarship has produced theories of the law that do not describe what judges do but define what considerations the legal community accepts as legal and what it criticizes as illegal. Therefore, as others have stressed before, empirical studies of judicial decision-making must take a stand in the normative dispute about what the law is when they argue that judges are guided by extra-legal factors. The chapter identifies three promising strands for future empirical research on legalism: a more appropriate benchmark of measuring extra-legal attitudinal influence, the impact of legal narratives on judicial behaviour, and a focus on lower courts.
Organ Donation and Brain Death
Authors: Berkowitz Adena 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The evolution of organ transplantation has engendered complex interplay between halakhic considerations, medical advancements, and Jewish bioethics. Pivotal moments include the emergence of brain death as a new criterion for determining death, challenging traditional definitions, and raising legal, moral, and religious questions. The chapter traces the progression of halakhic opinions on deceased organ donation, examining varying viewpoints about halakhic death among Orthodox authorities and thinkers from the Reform and Conservative movements. Accepting brain death specifically as halakhic death to determine whether postmortem organ donation is acceptable or prohibited has ramifications, underscoring the intricate balance between medical progress and religious values, along with the impact of state laws and legal standards on organ donation practices. The chapter then shifts to discussing the potential of advancing technologies to revolutionize organ transplantation, emphasizing the need to navigate halakhic, moral, and practical dimensions in the pursuit of saving lives through organ donation in both general and Jewish communities.
Works and Days
Authors: Rosato Laura , Álvarez Germán 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The vital relationship between reading, writing, library, and literature manifest in the work of Jorge Luis Borges instantly invokes transmutable processes of reading, writing, and rewriting. Yet this image is insufficient as the background for Borges’s literary work and the framework for the labor Borges performed in libraries for a good portion of his life. These libraries materialized in his fictions in sublimated or conceptual forms that shaped part of his already indelible iconography, their collections nourished the network of quotations and references that inform the intertextuality of his writings, and their books retain marginalia that allows scholars to reconstruct Borges’s creative processes. Argentina’s National Library and the Miguel Cané Municipal Library are physical records of his unique link to the world of work, which is closely tied to the construction of Borges’s public image as a writer and to his participation in the political life of the country.
The Total Revelation Tantra
Authors: Lidke Jeffrey S. , Akshunna L. S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Newār and non-Newār Nepālī tāntrikas alike identify their tradition as containing the total (sarva) revelation of six streams of revelation (ṣaḍ-āmnāya) by naming it Sarvāmnāya Tantra. In their spiritual disciplines (sādhanās), Sarvāmnāya tāntrikas seek initiation into each of the six revelations to be “established in all the āmnāyas” (sarvāmnāya-viśārada). Although no populace is ever 100 percent cognizant of the esoteric meaning of its respective religious practices, in Nepal there are a significant number of scholar-practitioners who are indeed well-versed in the deeper meaning of all the āmnāyas. Given that Nepal not only birthed a good number of texts and traditions—including the Guhyakālī tradition of the Northern Revelation—but also has functioned as a proverbial “water pot” for the streams of revelation that came from Kashmir, Bengal, and Kerala, one cannot overemphasize the impact and value of the Sarvāmnāya tradition for the study of Tantra in South Asia.
Labor Rights
Authors: Mantouvalou Virginia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
What is the role of labor rights in human rights law? This chapter considers this question. It addresses the normative grounding of labor rights and their legal protection through human rights law, but also examines objections to pursuing workers’ claims through this avenue. It proposes that human rights law is compatible with collective goals promoted by trade unions and other workers’ organizations and further explains that it can be particularly important for precarious workers who are under-unionized and underrepresented in politics. Workers, trade unions, and other organizations need to pursue several different avenues to achieve justice at work. The legal protection of labor rights as human rights by national and international bodies, and their vindication by workers, trade unions, and other civil society organizations, can help address injustices that affect everyone, and particularly some of the most disadvantaged groups.
Waterscapes, Water Resource Management, and Irrigation in South India
Authors: Selvakumar V. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Water resource management is an important strategy associated with the formation of state, complex societies, and urbanization. Water resource management includes strategies, processes, and techniques adopted for managing and engaging with the water resources available in nature for cultural and economic functions, treatment of effluents and tackling seasonal floods and drought, along with the associated disaster management efforts with the involvement of various agencies. South Asia is endowed with the monsoon systems of the Indian Ocean and the Himalayan glaciers that supply seasonal water flow, which has been managed by the states and societies from the late prehistoric period. South India has moist, semiarid, and arid environments wherein rainwater harvest and irrigations have been essential for the sustenance of the people and polities. This paper presents an overview of the waterscapes and water management strategies of South India from prehistoric times to the Late Medieval Period with a focus on irrigation traditions and techniques.
Ethnographic Nexus of Food Grain Storage Facilities and Material Manifestation in India
Authors: Ansari Shahida , Ghosh Mrinmoy 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the ethnographic nexus of food grain storage facilities and material manifestation in India. Anthropologists analyzed various storage systems identified from the archaeological and ethnographic context. Meanwhile, farmers’ realization of the seasonal hardship of food scarcity and post-harvesting loss expands their foci of attention to the shelf life of the grains. The chapter cites that grain storage research highlights materiality as extremely crucial from the perspective of ethnographic visibility. The chapter then explains that the technological solutions for grain storage based on the indigenous knowledge system (IKS) widely in practice across the country is a relevant source for sustainable technological solutions regarding affordable agricultural resources and production management.
The Hearth as the Heart of the Family
Authors: Morrison Michael , McNaughton Darlene , Hector Florence , Gordon Ivy , Woodley Maurice , Gordon Robert , Gordon Leonard , Gordon Dorothy , Gordon Leanne , Woodley Amanda , John Simeon , Gordon Graham , Gordon Pamela , Schill Cassandra , Mulligan Alvine , Asmussen Brit , Claudie David 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the foodways and daily lives of Aboriginal people at the former Weipa Mission, North-Eastern Australia. Christian Missions were a vital part of the colonising repertoire of the British in Australia, as elsewhere, but despite the hardships and traumatic histories these places represent, they are frequently of very high cultural significance to First Nations’ People today. As in many colonial settings, documentary records are rife with omissions, biases and potentially harmful content, which severely limit a more comprehensive understanding of the lived experiences of First Nation’s Peoples in these and other colonial settings. Here, we outline a long-term and ongoing research collaboration with Anathangayth People and Country that examines foodways as a basis for developing more inclusive and refined histories of First Nation people’s lives, drawing on an approach that some community members have termed ‘Proper History’. Specifically, the chapter focuses on the daily life in an area known as “Hamlet Number 1.” We present the results of ongoing collaborative research to contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the intersections of religion, culture, and colonial power. Of particular interest are earth ovens and how these features provide insights on far more than diet and subsistence alone, expanding our knowledge of aspects of past social interaction, cuisines, family life, commensality, and other aspects of daily life, and thus contributing unique insights into the community’s ‘real’ or ‘proper’ history.
Oral Histories and Indigenous Rock Art
Authors: May Sally , Goldhahn Joakim , Lee Jeffrey 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Oral histories and life stories have always played a role, albeit an undervalued one, in Indigenous archaeologies. In this chapter, we explore how the process of documenting oral histories with Indigenous community members has influenced archaeological interpretations of rock art. Using case studies from Djok Country in Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory, Australia, we question how incorporating oral histories and life stories into field methodologies allows us to capture moments in time, personal histories, emotions associated with places and people, relationships to Country, and the role of rock art as a medium for intergenerational knowledge transfer. Building on our growing body of work relating to rock art and biography in western Arnhem Land, this chapter redirects the discussion to the fieldwork process and its local and broader academic influences. It is argued that oral history is key in conceptualizing and understanding Indigenous rock art, people’s lives, moments, memories, and emotions.
Public Islamic Intellectuals in Turkey
Authors: Bacık Gokhan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A public Islamic intellectual is a person who takes up matters of public concern from an Islamic perspective. The influence of public Islamic intellectuals has grown in Turkey in the last 30 years. This chapter explores public Islamic intellectuals in Turkey by focusing on prominent examples like Yaşar Nuri Öztürk, İlhami Güler, Mustafa İslamoğlu, Ebubekir Sifil, and Hayrettin Karaman. It first defines the various religious perspectives to which they adhere. It then studies each perspective by analyzing it in terms of methodology, argument, and perspectives on popular issues, from politics to Islamic law. The chapter also explains their positions along the political spectrum. This part aims to disclose why several of them have transformed into public dissidents, while others have stayed loyal to the government. The discussion in this chapter will help readers understand how public Islamic intellectuals in Turkey are similar yet differentiated in terms of methodology, intellectual tradition, and political views.
Illiberalism in the Doctrine of the Catholic Church and in the Works of Catholic Authors (19th–20th Centuries)
Authors: Camus Jean-Yves 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The doctrine of the Roman Catholic Church has, since the Middle Ages, been very critical of any progress in the field of human activity, from moneylending to the structure of the traditional family. The ideas that the King had to be anointed by God in order to be a legitimate sovereign and that society had to follow the Scriptures in order to function properly meant that the idea of democracy was not readily acceptable to the Church. It was only in the twentieth century that it became obvious to the Church that it needed to adapt to democratic government in order to continue to have a say in secular affairs. This chapter aims to show the political and theological reasons why the Catholic Church was often at odds with liberal democracy and to what extent the proponents of illiberal democracy borrow from the Traditional Catholic tradition, and in some cases from the counter-revolutionary school of thought.
Being Young and Buddhist in Precarious Times
Authors: Lam Kim 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In recent years, scholarship on Buddhist youth has emphasized their agency in navigating religious trajectories within and beyond the confines of families and institutionalized Buddhist organizations. However, questions of agency regarding religious identity construction are renewed during times of social, economic, environmental, and geopolitical upheaval. They may also be considered in relation to religious teachings of selfhood and relationality. Adopting a lived religion approach, this chapter delves into three factors—sociality, cultural bricolage, and digital technology—to unpack how two young Buddhist practitioners experience and understand Buddhist teachings of non-self and interdependence in the context of precarious transitions to adulthood. For these young Buddhists, religious agency is dependent on the relational, cultural and digital factors in their everyday lives. As conditions of precarity increase, greater attention to these factors may help illumine the conditions in which agency as described in scholarship on young Buddhists may be simultaneously supported, challenged, and made possible.
How to Make an Ancestor
Authors: Bouté Vanina 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the historic spread of Buddhism, it has been in the care of the dead that Buddhism has most successfully established itself. But laypeople’s ritual practices around the dead and their representations of death can often be quite distinct from what can be found in the canonical texts. Based on two ethnographies of key moments around a deceased person, this chapter will show how lay Tai Buddhists in northern Laos understand death and the afterlife. Funerals are marked by the disappearance of the deceased’s body, but above all they mark the beginning of a relationship through which the living keep the deceased present. By regularly presenting offerings and transferring merits to them, they take care of the deceased, helping them to gain a better rebirth. This is what this chapter will develop, showing how this relationship finally comes to an end.
Critique, Reform, and Ethical Innovation
Authors: Fitzgerald Kati 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter looks to Tibetan Hip Hop artists as contemporary Buddhist theologians—religious practitioners who make, critique, and break down doctrines within a particular religious tradition. What are contemporary Buddhist artists saying about Buddhism? How are they critiquing Buddhist systems of power? How are they expressing suffering in particularly Buddhist ways? After providing a brief overview of the emergence of Tibetan Hip Hop and the ways in which early artists have contended with and reformulated their Buddhist traditions, the chapter focuses largely on the corpus of Tibetan rapper Uncle Buddhist aka SCARK!D and his 2018 album City Tibetans (གྲོང་ཁྱེར་བོད་པ). This artist, through lyrics, music videos, documentary work, and interviews, makes theological interventions into Buddhist ethics, critiquing the power of the monastery and reincarnation systems, calling out corruption, proposing new ethical frameworks on environmentalism and world peace, and positioning himself and his generation of misfits as fitting within the Buddhist trope of crazy wisdom. This chapter considers how Hip Hop artists are contributing to the changing landscape of Buddhist reform movements in Tibet.
Living Sacred Landscape
Authors: Moonkham Piyawit , Chladek Michael 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter offers a spatial point of view of the religious living space within Buddhist temples in Northern Thailand. The concept of religious space often connects to notions of sacredness and a rigid, statically oriented place that people only utilize for specific spiritual or large-scale social activities (e.g., harvesting, natural disasters, and such), reflecting ideas that any supernatural being associated with the space should not be disturbed often and is unequal to people. However, in Northern Thailand, the temples are much more than merely such rigidly sacred places. People go to the temple for personal matters, ask for blessings, exchange goods, consult about personal matters, gather for social events, and the like. These phenomena reflect a balanced, engaged, and horizontal relationship between the community and their sacred place, highlighting a hybridized version of a cosmological worldview and communal living religious space.
Revitalized Tools for Economic Statecraft
Authors: Oh Seung-Youn 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines how vertical industrial policy (VIP) serves as a revitalized tool for geoeconomics in the context of global power competition. VIP refers to the selective and targeted government intervention that deliberately favors particular industries or firms, which have been widely used by both earlier and later developers in economic development. Yet, contemporary policy measures warrant new scholarly attention for their explicit links to national security that go far beyond commercial objectives. First, what this chapter calls offensive strategies nurture national and global champions in strategic sectors for national security purposes. This can be done either through explicit VIP at home or through mergers and acquisitions of foreign firms. Second, “defensive” strategies block foreign competition in the domestic market by limiting market access. While the competitive race for VIP secures ground for guarding key technologies and national security, it also raises the costs of economic interdependence.