bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A STEREO AND REGIOSPECIFIC ROUTE TO THE SYNTHETIC INTERMEDIATE FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF 9(0)-METHANOPROSTACYCLIN
Authors: Shibasaki Masakatsu , Iseki Katsuhiko , Ikegami Shiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A stereo and regiospecific route to the synthetic intermediate, bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-2-one derivative, for the total synthesis of 9(0)-methanoprostacyclin is described starting from 1,3-cyclooctadiene, in which as a key reaction, the conjugate addition of the Gilman reagent to the bicyclo[3.3.0]oct-8-en-2-one skeleton is involved.
THE SYNTHESIS OF γ-l-GLUTAMYL-l-CYSTEINE USING AN IMMOBILIZED DERIVATIVE OF γ-GLUTAMYLCYSTEINE SYNTHETASE
Authors: Ito Hisashi , Nagatani Yasunori , Ichikizaki Iwao , Yamasaki Makoto 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
An immobilized derivative of γ-gluamylcysteine synthetase was prepared by chemically combining γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase with Sepharose 4B. The immobilized enzyme had a similar pH-activity profile to that of the native one and was much more stable to heat than the native enzyme. The immobilized enzyme retained its full activity after storage at least for 5 months at 4°C, while the native enzyme lost its activity within 2 weeks under the same conditions.
DOUBLE MINIMUM SPLITTING IN gauche 1-PROPANETHIOL BY MICROWAVE SPECTRUM
Authors: Nakagawa Jun , Hayashi Michiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Torsional splitting of the thiol group in gauche 1-propanethiol was directly observed by microwave spectroscopy. From the splitting, the Fourier component of the internal rotation potential function was determined to be V3=1302 cal/mol on the assumption that V1 and V2 were equal to those of ethanethiol. The dipole moments were also determined.
FACILE OXIDATION OF HEMITHIOL ACETALS BY FLAVIN: EVIDENCE FOR THE ENEDIOL MECHANISM OF GLYOXALASE I
Authors: Shinkai Seiji , Yamashita Takaharu , Kusano Yumiko , Manabe Osamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The rearrangement of the hemithiol acetal to the α-hydroxythiol ester is almost completely inhibited on the addition of flavin due to the occurrence of the flavin-trapping of the enediol intermediate. This result suggests that the enzymic catalysis by glyoxalase I occurs via the enediol intermediate.
REACTIONS OF ETHYLENE AND BENZENES CATALYZED BY RHODIUM CARBONYLS UNDER CARBON MONOXIDE. THE FORMATION OF STYRENES AND 3-PENTANONE
Authors: Hong Pangbu , Yamazaki Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction of ethylene with benzene catalyzed by rhodium carbonyls under carbon monoxide gives styrene and 3-pentanone in good yields, together with small amounts of propiophenone, 1-phenyl-1-penten-3-one, and 1-phenyl-3-pentanone.
KINETICS OF FLUORESCENCE QUENCHING OF 9-AMINOACRIDINE AND 9-AMINO-10-METHYLACRIDINIUM BY PURINE MONONUCLEOTIDES
Authors: Kubota Yukio , Motoda Yuko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A study on the kinetics of fluorescence quenching of 9-aminoacridine and 9-amino-10-methylacridinium by purine mononucleotides (adenosine-5′-monophosphate and guanosine-5′-monophosphate) is reported. A set of quenching parameters have been obtained on the basis of the kinetic scheme involving both dynamic and static quenching processes.
(−)-ISOBICYCLOGERMACRENAL, A NOVEL SESQUITERPENOID OF ENT-ISOBICYCLOGERMACRENE GROUP FROM THE LIVERWORT LEPIDOZIA VITREA
Authors: Matsuo Akihiko , Kubota Naoji , Uto Seiryû , Nakayama Mitsuru , Hayashi Shûichi , Yamasaki Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A novel sesquiterpene aldehyde, (−)-isobicyclogermacrenal, was isolated from Lepidozia vitrea, and its structure and absolute configuration were shown to be ent-isobicyclogermacren-14-al on the basis of the chemical and spectral evidence.
TOP-TOP AND TOP-SKELETAL TORSION COUPLING EFFECTS ON THE MICROWAVE SPECTRA OF trans-ETHYLMETHYLETHER
Authors: Shiki Yoshiko , Hayashi Michiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Microwave spectra of trans-ethylmethylether and its four deuterated species in the ground and four lowest torsionally excited states were measured. The coupling effects among two methyl and skeletal torsions were analyzed.
INTRAMOLECULAR 1,3-DIPOLAR CYCLOADDITIONS OF IMINES OF GLYCINE ESTERS BEARING AN ALKYNYL FUNCTION
Authors: Tsuge Otohiko , Ueno Kazunori , Oe Koji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Imines of glycine methyl esters, o-propargyloxybenzylidene(methoxycarbonyl)methylamines, undergo an intramolecular cycloaddition via their 1,3-dipolar tautomers, azomethine ylides, to an alkynyl group. Initial cycloadducts were thermally converted to dehydrogenated compounds with concurrent migration of methoxycarbonyl group.
CHIRAL, SYNTHETIC BILAYER MEMBRANES
Authors: Kunitake Toyoki , Nakashima Naotoshi , Hayashida Shoichi , Yonemori Kazuyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Chiral dialkylammonium surfactants as synthesized from alanine and glutamic acid formed well-developed bilayer membranes when dispersed in water. The phase transition temperature did not differ between the chiral and racemic membranes, and induced circular dichroism was observed with chiral membranes when a hydrophobic azo dye was added.
A NEW ANALYTICAL METHOD OF INDIVIDUAL BILE ACIDS USING HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY AND IMMOBILIZED 3α-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE IN COLUMN FORM
Authors: Okuyama Sumihiko , Kokubun Nobuhiko , Higashidate Sakae , Uemura Daisuke , Hirata Yoshimasa 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
We studied the use of immobilized enzyme, covalently bound to aminopropyl-CPG, to the analysis on free and conjugated individual bile acids. A microcolumn with the immobilized 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was prepared and used in a system of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Reduced NAD+ produced from bile acid by this enzyme was fluorimetrically determined with fluorometer. As the result, the free, glycine- and taurine-conjugated individual bile acids which were separated by the HPLC were determined on high sensitivity and specificity. Clinical trials were done for the serum of patients with hepatobiliary disease.
SYNTHESIS OF D:A-FRIEDO-18β,19αH-LUPAN-3-ONE AND D:B-FRIEDO-18β,19αH-LUP-5-EN-3β-OL AND A COMMENT ON THE STRUCTURE OF GUIMARENOL
Authors: Yokoyama Yasushi , Moriyama Yoshihiko , Tsuyuki Takahiko , Takahashi Takeyoshi , Itai Akiko , Iitaka Yoichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
D:B-Friedo-18β,19αH-lup-5-en-3β-ol was synthesized from friedelin via D:A-friedo-18β,19αH-lupan-3-one. The stereostructure of a 3α,4α-epoxide derived from the 3-one was determined by X-ray technique to show the 19αH configuration for both the epoxide and the 5-en-3β-ol, The disagreement of the spectral data of the synthetic 5-en-3β-ol with those of guimarenol is described.
SYNTHESIS OF 5-FLUORO-PRGSTAGLANDINS
Authors: Nakai Hisao , Hamanaka Nobuyuki , Miyake Hajimu , Hayashi Masaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(5E)- And (5Z)-5-fluoro-prostaglandin(PG)F2α methyl esters 1 and 2 were synthesized via decarboxylative elimination reaction from key intermediate α-fluoro-β-hydroxy ester 7. 5-Fluoro-6-keto-PGE1 methyl ester 3 was also synthesized from the key intermediate 7. These 5-fluoro-PGs 1, 2 and 3 showed interesting biological properties.
NEW SESQUITERPENE LACTONES FROM EUPATORIUM SACHALINENSE (FR. SCHMIDT) MAKINO
Authors: Ito Kazuo , Sakakibara Yoshihisa , Haruna Mitsumasa 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Three new germacranolide sesquiterpene lactones, peroxysachalinin, sachalinin, and sachalin, were isolated from Eupatorium sachalinense (Fr. Schmidt) Makino and their structures were described. An allyl hydroperoxy sesquiterpene lactone, peroxysachalinin, was characterized by spectral and chemical methods and prepared by photosensitized oxygenation of eupatoriopicrin which was a main component of this plant. Peroxysachalinin was converted to sachalinin with triphenylphosphine, whereas sachalinin was converted to sachalin.
CHARACTERIZATION OF γ-AMINOPROPYL AND N-β(AMINOETHYL)γ-AMINOPROPYL GROUPS IMMOBILIZED ON SILICA GEL BY USING CMR SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Tanaka Kazuo , Shinoda Sumio , Saito Yasukazu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The organofunctional groups immobilized on silica gel, NH2CH2CH2CH2Si-(silica) and NH2CH2CH2NHCH2CH2CH2Si-(silica), have been characterized by CMR spectroscopy in the suspended state. The carbon adjacent to silicon showed substantial low-field shift and T1 reduction as a result of immobilization. The microenvironment of these amino and diamino groups resembles that in the homogeneous phase in appropriate solvents, owing to the permissible segmental motion of the three-carbon chain.
STEREOSELECTIVE DEUTERATION OF MALONATE METHYLENE HYDROGENS IN SOME BIS(MALONATO)COBALT(III) COMPOUNDS
Authors: Sakaguchi Ushio , Morito Kaiji , Yoneda Hayami 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The base-catalysed hydrogen-deuterium exchange at the malonate methylenes takes place stereoselectively for [Co(mal)2(L)]n-, where mal = malonate ion, L = ethylenediamine, N-methylethylenediamine, glycinate ion, and sarcosinate ion, but not for cis-[Co(mal)2(NH3)2]−. The proton deuterated first is probably the one which is closer to the chelate L.
DEUTERATION OF ETHYLENE, PROPYLENE AND BUTENES ON Pt ELECTRODE IN DEUTERATED ACIDS—D2O SOLUTIONS
Authors: Kita Hideaki , Fujikawa Keikichi , Kubota Noriaki , Shimazu Katuaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Deuteration of C2, C3 and C4, olefins was conducted at a platinum electrode in 0.5M D2SO4 or 1M DClO4–D2O solutions. In each case studied, deuteroparaffins reveal a common feature of a two maxima distribution; one is at partially deuterated paraffins and the other at perdeuteroparaffin. Appearance of the two maxima distribution clearly indicates the presence of two reaction paths. Isomerization during the deuteration of butene isomers was found small, 10∼30% of the total conversion.
THE ELECTRON CAPTURE REACTION OF METAL COMPLEX
Authors: Kuge Yoshio , Hattori Yukikazu , Asada Shingo , Yamada Shoichiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The temperature dependence of the electron capture process was investigated for elucidating high electron capture sensitivity of the Cr(III) complexes of the ligands acetylacetone [H(acac)], trifluoroacetylacetone [H(tfa)], and hexafluoroacetylacetone [H(hfa)]. The electron affinity or the activation energy for the electron capture reaction were calculated for individual compounds.
A NOVEL 2-BUTYLAMINATION OF 1,4-DIHYDROXYANTHRAQUINONE PROMOTED BY METAL IONS
Authors: Matsuoka Masaru , Makino Yoshinobu , Yoshida Katsuhira , Kitao Teijiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In the presence of cuprous or cupric chloride, 2-butylamino-1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone was synthesized quantitatively from 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone and butylamine at ambient temperature.
FOREIGN METAL-DOPED SnO2 FILM ANODES FOR OXYGEN AND CHLORINE EVOLUTION
Authors: Iwakura Chiaki , Inai Meguru , Tamura Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The anodic characteristics of foreign metal-doped SnO2 film electrodes, prepared by the thermal decomposition method, were studied in 1M KOH and 3M NaCl solutions. As a result, it was found that such electrodes have very attractive properties as anodes for oxygen and chlorine evolution.
FLUORESCENCE LIFETIME STUDIES ON THE INTERACTION OF DNA WITH 9-AMINOACRIDINE
Authors: Kubota Yukio , Motoda Yuko , Fujisaki Yasuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The interaction of DNA with 9-aminoacridine has been studied by measuring fluorescence decay curves. The emitting sites of the dye on DNA (AT-rich regions) are found to exhibit fluorescence decay curves which can be resolved into three-exponential components corresponding to lifetimes of 1.6–2.4, 11–13, and 27–29 ns.
“ONE POT” DOUBLE CARBON–CARBON LINKAGES ON THE NEIGHBORING CARBONS VIA AN ENOL ETHER AS A REACTION INTERMEDIATE
Authors: Hosomi Akira , Hashimoto Hidehiko , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Sakurai Hideki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Two new “one pot” double alkylation reactions, 1) allylation of α,β-enones with allylsilanes and subsequent reaction with electrophiles, and 2) acylation of α-siloxyallylsilanes with acid halides followed by consecutive introduction of other electrophiles on the neighboring carbon atom, are reported.
COELENTRATE BIOLUMINESCENCE III. TRACE CHARACTERIZATION OF LUMINESCENCE SUBSTANCES OF CAVERNULARIA OBESA AND PTILOSARCUS GUERNEYI
Authors: Inoue Shoji , Kakoi Hisae , Murata Mikiko , Goto Toshio , Shimomura Osamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Trace amount of luminescent substances of Cavernularia obesa and Ptilosarcus guerneyi were characterized to be Renilla luciferin and luciferyl sulfate using 100 g of C. obesa in quiescent state and 200 g of P. guerneyi in frozen state.
FISH BIOLUMINESCENCE II. TRACE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE LUMINESCENCE SYSTEM OF A MYCTOPHINA FISH, DIAPHUS ELUCENS
Authors: Inoue Shoji , Kakoi Hisae , Okada Kunisuke , Goto Toshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Oplophorus luciferin (Ia) was characterized in a pair of nasal photophores of a myctophina fish, Diaphus elucens. Liver of the fish contains luciferin in a bound form, possibly as its enol ether. A luciferase active toward O. luciferin was extracted from flesh of the fish. From these results it is concluded that the luminescence system of D. elucens is similar to that of Oplophorus and not to that of Cypridina.
HYDROALKYLATION OF BENZENES WITH Pd–Al2O3 AND NaCl–AlCl3
Authors: Kamiyama Tsutomu , Enomoto Saburo , Inoue Masami 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The synthesis of cyclohexylbenzenes by the hydroalkylation of benzene and toluene with a binary catalyst system was studied under various conditions. Using a catalyst of NaCl–AlCl3(fused salts) as an alkylation catalyst and 0.24%Pd–Al2O3 as a reduction catalyst, cyclohexylbenzene(54.7 mol%) was obtained at 140°C for 5 hr under the presence of hydrogen. Further, the activity and the selectivity of hydroalkylation were also examined with several combined catalysts of noble metals and fused salts.
A NEW FLAVONOID GLYCOSIDE FROM POLYGONUM NODOSUM
Authors: Isobe Takahiko , Fukushige Takeshi , Noda Yukinao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The structure of a new flavonoid glycoside with a molluscicidal activity which was isolated from Polygonum nodosum Pers. was elucidated as quercetin-3β-d-glucoside-2″-gallate by spectroscopic analysis.
REDUCTION-OXIDATION MECHANISM OF OXIDE CATALYSTS. OXYGEN DIFFUSION DURING REDOX CYCLES
Authors: Sakata Kanji , Nakamura Teiji , Misono Makoto , Yoneda Yukio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A new method was developed to determine under the conditions close to the reaction conditions whether or not the redox cycle of bulk metal oxide proceeds by the diffusion of lattice oxygen, and was applied to two examples; γ-Fe2O3 and La0.8Sr0.2CoO3. It has been demonstrated that iron in stead of oxygen diffuses rapidly with γ-Fe2O3 and oxygen rapidly diffuses with La0.8Sr0.2CoO3.
RESONANCE RAMAN SPECTRA OF INCLUSION COMPOUNDS OF SOME AZO DYES WITH CYCLODEXTRINS
Authors: Sato Hisao , Higuchi Seiichiro , Teramae Norio , Tanaka Shigeyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The resonance Raman spectra of the inclusion compounds of some azo dyes with cyclodextrins were measured, and the band shifts were examined. It was shown that some bands exhibited distinct shifts and others did not. The results seem to suggest that the Ph–N= group mainly involved in the formation of inclusion compounds.
ANALYSIS OF NITRITE ION IN WATER BY ELECTRON CAPTURE GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Funazo Koichi , Tanaka Minoru , Shono Toshiyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A new gas chromatographic procedure for the analysis of trace amount of nitrite ion in water has been developed. The procedure involves the conversion of nitrite ion into 3,4-dichlorobromobenzene which is subsequently determined by electron capture gas chromatography. The coexistence of chloride ion in a large amount with nitrite ion gives rise to the production of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene in addition to 3,4-dichlorobromobenzene.
THE STEREOSELECTIVE FORMATION OF THREONINE FROM cis- AND trans-1-α-METHYLBENZYL-2-METHOXYCARBONYL-3-METHYL AZIRIDINES
Authors: Nakamura Isao , Harada Kaoru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction of methyl α,β-dibromobutyrate with α-methylbenzylamine resulted in the formation of cis- and trans-1-α-methylbenzyl-2-methoxycarbonyl-3-methyl aziridines(II and III), which were converted to threonine predominantly upon the hydrolytic ring opening of the aziridines.
USE OF PHASE-TRANSFER CATALYSIS IN ORGANOMETALLIC REACTIONS: A CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF KETONES FROM ALKYL HALIDES AND IRON PENTACARBONYL
Authors: Kimura Yoshikazu , Tomita Yoshiro , Nakanishi Saburo , Otsuji Yoshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The Fe(CO)5-aqueous NaOH reagent system in benzene in the presence of a phase-transfer catalyst reacts efficiently with alkyl halides to afford symmetrical and unsymmetrical ketones, depending on the structure of alkyl halides and procedures employed. The features of this reaction are discussed.
FACILE REDUCTION OF SULFOXIDES AND SULFIMIDES WITH THIOL/TRIMETHYLSILYL CHLORIDE SYSTEM
Authors: Numata Tatsuo , Togo Hideo , Oae Shigeru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Sulfoxides were found to be deoxygenated slowly with thiosilane (PhSSiMe3), while deoxygenation of sulfoxides with the thiosilane proceeded smoothly in the presence of a catalytic amount of tetra-butylammonium bromide. For a preparative purpose, a mixed system of thiol and trimethylsilyl chloride can be used successfully for both deoxygenation of sulfoxides and deimination of sulfimides.
REACTION OF ETHYL 3-OXOBUTANOATE AND ETHYL 4-BROMO-3-OXOBUTANOATE WITH BENZENE IN THE PRESENCE OF ALUMINUM CHLORIDE
Authors: Kato Tetsuzo , Kimura Hitoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Refluxing of ethyl 3-oxobutanoate (1) in benzene in the presence of aluminum chloride gave ethylbenzene (4), 9,10-dimethylanthracene (5), 3-phenylbutanoic acid (7), and 3-methyl-1-indanone (9). Similar reaction of ethyl 4-bromo-3-oxobutanoate (2) yielded 4, 5, 4-bromo-3-oxobutanoic acid (3), 3,4-diphenylbutanoic acid (8), and 3-phenyl-1-tetralone (10).
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN AIR OVER JAPAN
Authors: Makide Yoshihiro , Tominaga Takeshi , Rowland F Sherwood 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Preliminary measurements were conducted of atmospheric concentrations of CCl2F2, CCl3F, CCl2FCClF2, CH3CCl3, CCl4, CHCl=CCl2 and CCl2=CCl2 in remote and urban areas in Japan to determine accurate background levels as well as the profile of local pollution. Samples collected in all-metal canisters were analyzed with an extremely clean stainless steel high vacuum sampling and calibration system and an EC-GC.
THE REACTION OF O-ALKYL S,S-DIARYL PHOSPHORODITHIOATES WITH ALKYLOXYSTANNANES
Authors: Watanabe Yutaka , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction of O-alkyl S,S-diaryl phosphorodithioates with alkyloxytrialkylstannanes afforded the corresponding O,O-dialkyl S-aryl phosphorothioates in good yields.
TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF COLEONS, U AND V
Authors: Matsumoto Takashi , Takeda Shoji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The highly-oxygenated tricyclic diterpenes, coleon U and coleon V, were successfully synthesized starting from (+)-ferruginol via an intermediate, (+)-12-benzoyloxyabieta-8,11,13-triene-6β,11-diol.
AN ESTIMATION OF THE NUCLEOPHILICITIES AND THE NUCLEOFUGICITIES OF ANIONIC NUCLEOPHILES STUDIED IN THE REVERSIBLE FINKELSTEIN REACTIONS OF BENZYL DERIVATIVES IN ACETONITRILE—DISSOCIATIVE CHARACTER OF THE REACTION AS STUDIED BY THE NUCLEOFUGICITY APPROACH—
Authors: Hayami Jun-ichi , Hihara Nobuhisa , Kaji Aritsune 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Nucleophilic and nucleofugic reactivities of the variety of anions were studied in reversible Finkelstein reactions of benzyl derivatives. A leaving anion plays a major role in determining the reaction rate while an attacking anion shows only a limited role.
ISOLATION AND STRUCTURE OF A 334 NM UV-ABSORBING SUBSTANCE, PORPHYRA-334 FROM THE RED ALGA PORPHYRA TENERA KJELLMAN
Authors: Takano Satoshi , Nakanishi Atsushi , Uemura Daisuke , Hirata Yoshimasa 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A new amino acid with a maximum at 334 nm, supposed to be biogenetically related to the characteristic UV-absorbing compounds from the zoanthid Palythoa tuberculosa, has been isolated from Porphyra tenera Kjellman and its structure determined.
A NEW TYPE OF THERMAL DISPROPORTIONATION OF MIXED NICKEL(II) COMPLEXES
Authors: Hoshino Naomi , Fukuda Yutaka , Sone Kozo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Thermal decomposition of the mixed nickel(II) complexes, [Ni(tmen)(acac)(OH2)2]X(X=Br or I), occurs in the following two ways:
[Ni(tmen)(acac)(OH2)2]X→[Ni(tmen)(acac)2]+[Ni(tmen)X2] (1)
[Ni(tmen)(acac)(OH2)2]X→[Ni(tmen)(acac)]X (2)
The reaction(1) is favored by the bromide, and the reaction(2) by the iodide. Structures of these complexes in some organic solutions are also discussed.
POTASSIUM FLUORIDE ON CELITE. A VERSATILE REAGENT FOR C-, N-, O-, AND S-ALKYLATIONS
Authors: Ando Takashi , Yamawaki Junko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Celite coated with potassium fluoride was found to be an effective and economical reagent for hydrogen-bond-assisted reactions. C-, N-, O-, and S-alkylations were conveniently performed in high yields under mild conditions.
ABSORPTION SPECTRA AND PHOTOEMISSION OF CHLOROPHYLL-B MULTILAYERS
Authors: Nakahara Hiroo , Fukuda Kiyoshige , Inokuchi Hiroo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The monolayer of chlorophyll (Chi) b at the air/water interface has been examined by pressure–area isotherm and film thickness. Furthermore, with the multilayer of Chi b on the solid surface the visible absorption spectra and the external photoelectric effect in the vacuum ultraviolet region have been studied. The energy diagram has been proposed.
EFFECT OF ILLUMINATION INTENSITY ON STABILIZATION OF ZnO PHOTOANODES IN HALIDE SOLUTIONS
Authors: Kobayashi Tetsuhiko , Yoneyama Hiroshi , Tamura Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ratio of the photoanodic oxidation of halide ions in competition with the photoanodic dissolution of ZnO was investigated as a function of illumination intensity and concentration of halide ions. A relatively low illumination intensity was found to be desirable for stabilizing the photoanode in iodide solutions, while a high illumination intensity was favorable in bromide solutions. The energetic position of the quasi-Fermi level of positive holes relative to the decomposition potential of ZnO and to the redox potentials of halide ions seems to govern the phenomena.
UNSYMMETRICAL DITHIOCARBONATE p-TOLUENESULFONYLHYDRAZONE: GEOMETRICALLY SELECTIVE PREPARATIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF THE Z-E STEREOCHEMISTRY
Authors: Nakai Takeshi , Mikami Koichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Geometrically selective preparations of each of the stereoisomers of S-alkyl (or allyl)-S′-methyl-dithiocarbonate tosylhydrazones (1) are described. The Z-E stereochemistry of 1 has been determined by means of equilibration experiments and NMR methods. On the basis of the geometrical assignments of 1, the stereoselectivity in alkylations of sodium dithiocarbazates is discussed on mechanistic grounds.
A FACILE METHOD FOR THE α-METHYLENATION OF SULFONES
Authors: Ueno Yoshio , Setoi Hiroyuki , Okawara Makoto 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The carbanion of α-monosubstituted β-benzoylsulfones reacted with formaldehyde under mild conditions to afford α-methylenated products (α-alkylated vinylsulfones) in high yield with the elimination of a benzoate anion.
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF NANOGRAM LEVEL OF COPPER(II) BY ITS CATALYTIC EFFECT
Authors: Nakano Shigenori , Sakai Masahiko , Tanaka Masaya , Kawashima Takuji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A new simple, sensitive and selective catalytic method for the determination of nanogram level of copper(II) is proposed. N,N-Di-methyl-p-phenylenediamine reacts with N,N-dimethylaniline to form Bindschedler’s Green leuco base (BGL) and in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, copper(II) catalyzes the oxidation of BGL to a colored compound (λmax=725 nm).