bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating migration timing and abundance in partial migratory systems by integrating continuous antenna detections with physical captures
Authors: Dzul M. C. , Kendall W. L. , Yackulic C. B. , Van Haverbeke D. R. , Mackinnon P. , Young K. , Pillow M. J. , Thomas J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Many populations migrate between two different habitats (e.g. wintering/foraging to breeding area, mainstem–tributary, river–lake, river–ocean, river–side channel) as part of their life history. Detection technologies, such as passive integrated transponder (PIT) antennas or sonic receivers, can be placed at boundaries between habitats (e.g. near the confluence of rivers) to detect migratory movements of marked animals. Often, these detection systems have high detection probabilities and detect many individuals but are limited in their ability to make inferences about abundance because only marked individuals can be detected.

Here, we introduce a mark–recapture modelling approach that uses detections from a double‐array PIT antenna system to imply movement directionality from arrays and estimate migration timing. Additionally, when combined with physical captures, the model can be used to estimate abundances for both migratory and non‐migratory groups and help quantify partial migration. We first test our approach using simulation, and results indicate our approach displayed negligible bias for total abundance (less than ±1%) and slight biases for state‐specific abundance estimates (±1%–6%).

We fit our model to array detections and physical captures of three native fishes (humpback chub [Gila cypha], flannelmouth sucker [Catostomus latipinnis] and bluehead sucker [Catostomus discobolus]) in the Little Colorado River (LCR) in Grand Canyon, AZ, a system that exhibits partial migration (i.e. includes residents and migrants). Abundance estimates from our model confirm that, for all three species, migratory individuals are much more numerous than residents.

There was little difference in movement timing between 2021 (a year without preceding winter/spring floods) and 2022 (a year with a small flood occurring in early April). In both years, flannelmouth sucker arrived in mid‐March whereas humpback chub and bluehead sucker arrivals occurred early‐ to mid‐April. With humpback chub and flannelmouth sucker, movement timing was influenced by body size so that large individuals were more likely to arrive early compared to smaller individuals.

With more years of data, this model framework could be used to evaluate ecological questions pertaining to flow cues and movement timing or intensity, relative trends in migrants versus residents and ecological drivers of skipped spawning.
Can livestock grazing dampen density‐dependent fluctuations in wild herbivore populations?
Authors: Sharma Manvi , Khanyari Munib , Khara Abhirup , Bijoor Ajay , Mishra Charudutt , Suryawanshi Kulbhushansingh Ramesh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Conservation policy for the high mountains of Asia increasingly recognises the need to encompass large multi‐use landscapes beyond the protected area network. Due to limited long‐term research in this region, our understanding of even fundamental processes, such as factors regulating large mammal populations is poor.

Understanding the factors that regulate animal populations, especially those generating cyclicity, is a long‐standing problem in ecology. Long‐term research across multiple taxa (mainly from Europe and North America) has focussed on the relative roles of food and predation in generating cyclicity in population dynamics. It remains unclear how trophic interactions that are influenced by anthropogenic stressors can affect population dynamics in human‐modified landscapes.

We present a 10‐year study to compare the effects of livestock grazing on density‐dependent dynamics in two populations of bharal, Pseudois nayaur, in the Himalayas. We combine this with a mechanistic understanding of whether density dependence in these two sites acts predominantly by affecting adult survival or recruitment. We compared and quantified density dependence in the bharal population by fitting Bayesian Gompertz state‐space models.

We found evidence for negative density dependence which indicates possible cyclic dynamics in the bharal population of the site (Tabo) with low livestock density. The population dynamics of this site were driven by recruited offspring—with a 2‐year density‐dependent lag effect—rather than adult survival. In the site with high livestock density (Kibber), this density dependence was not detected. We postulate the potential role of excessive grazing by livestock in affecting offspring recruitment, thereby affecting the bharal population in Kibber.

Synthesis and applications: Our results suggest that conservation action to facilitate wild herbivore population recovery, such as the development of protected areas and village reserves, needs to account for density‐dependent regulation. Sites with trophy hunting require continuous monitoring to understand the effects of density dependence so that appropriate hunting quotas can be formulated.
Developing active and intelligent biodegradable packaging from food waste and byproducts: A review of sources, properties, film production methods, and their application in food preservation
Authors: Xie Delang , Ma Haiyang , Xie Qiwen , Guo Jiajun , Liu Guishan , Zhang Bingbing , Li Xiaojun , Zhang Qian , Cao Qingqing , Li Xiaoxue , Ma Fang , Li Yang , Guo Mei , Yin Junjie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFood waste and byproducts (FWBP) are a global issue impacting economies, resources, and health. Recycling and utilizing these wastes, due to processing and economic constraints, face various challenges. However, valuable components in food waste inspire efficient solutions like active intelligent packaging. Though research on this is booming, its material selectivity, effectiveness, and commercial viability require further analysis. This paper categorizes FWBP and explores their potential for producing packaging from both animal and plant perspectives. In addition, the preparation/fabrication methods of these films/coatings have also been summarized comprehensively, focusing on the advantages and disadvantages of these methods and their commercial adaptability. Finally, the functions of these films/coatings and their ultimate performance in protecting food (meat, dairy products, fruits, and vegetables) are also reviewed systematically. FWBP provide a variety of methods for the application of edible films, including being made into coatings, films, and fibers for food preservation, or extracting active substances directly or indirectly from them (in the form of encapsulation) and adding them to packaging to endow them with functions such as barrier, antibacterial, antioxidant, and pH response. In addition, the casting method is the most commonly used method for producing edible films, but more film production methods (extrusion, electrospinning, 3D printing) need to be tried to make up for the shortcomings of the current methods. Finally, researchers need to conduct more in‐depth research on various active compounds from FWBP to achieve better application effects and commercial adaptability.
Characterization of the potential allergenicity of enzymatically hydrolyzed casein in Balb/c mouse model
Authors: Liang Xiaona , Qu Yezhi , Gou Xiurong , Hu Xiuming , Zhou Weini , Bai Jingyan , Qin Rui , Wang Jing , Diao Enjie , Zhou Xiujuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBovine casein is a major allergen present in cow milk to induce anaphylaxis. In this study, the potential allergenicity of enzymatically hydrolyzed casein (HC) was evaluated based on in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that Alcalase and Protamex treatment (AT, PT) reduced the potential allergenicity of CN, with the greatest reductions of 68.25% and 50.75%, respectively. In addition, in vivo results showed that HC effectively alleviated allergic response symptoms of Balb/c mice; a significant tendency toward decreased serum IgG1 and mast cell tryptase levels was observed, accompanied by a decrease of Th2‐associated IL‐4, IL‐5, and IL‐13 and an increase of IFN‐γ levels in spleen. Moreover, the inflammation of the lung, jejunum, and ileum was remarkably ameliorated. The findings indicated that HC induced a shift toward Th1 response and maintained the Th1/Th2 immune balance. Importantly, our results provide the basis for the production of hypoallergenic dairy products.
1‐MCP treatment improves the postharvest quality of Jinxiu yellow peach by regulating cuticular wax composition and gene expression during cold storage
Authors: Qin Keying , Ge Shuai , Xiao Guangjian , Chen Fei , Ding Shenghua , Wang Rongrong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze the effect of 1‐methylcyclopropene (1‐MCP) treatment on the postharvest quality, epidermal wax morphology, composition, and gene expression of Jinxiu yellow peach during cold storage. The results showed that 1‐MCP treatment could maintain the postharvest quality of peach fruit as compared to control (CK) during cold storage. The wax crystals of peach fruit were better retained by 1‐MCP, and they still existed in 0.6 and 0.9 µL/L 1‐MCP treated fruit at 36 days. The total wax content in all the fruit increased first and then decreased during cold storage. Meanwhile, n‐alkanes and primary alcohols were the main wax components. Compared to CK, 1‐MCP treatment could delay the reduction of wax content during cold storage. The correlation analysis indicated that the postharvest quality of yellow peach was mainly affected by the contents of fatty acids and triterpenoids in cuticular wax. The transcriptomics results revealed PpaCER1, PpaKCS, PpaKCR1, PpaCYP86B1, PpaFAR, PpaSS2, and PpaSQE1 played the important roles in the formation of peach fruit wax. 1‐MCP treatment upregulated PpaCER1 (18785414, 18786441, and 18787644), PpaKCS (18774919, 18789438, and 18793503), PpaKCR1 (18790432), and PpaCYP86B1 (18789815) to deposit more n‐alkanes and fatty acids during cold storage. This study could provide a new perspective for regulating the postharvest quality of yellow peach in view of the application of cuticular wax.Practical Application‘Jinxiu’ yellow peach fruit is favorable among consumers because of its high commercial value. However, it ripens and deteriorates rapidly during storage, leading to serious economic loss and consumer disappointment. The effect of 1‐methylcyclopropene (1‐MCP) treatment on the postharvest quality, epidermal wax morphology, composition, and genes regulation of ‘Jinxiu’ yellow peach during cold storage was assessed. Compared to control, 1‐MCP treatment could retain the storage quality of yellow peach by affecting cuticular wax composition and gene expression. This study could provide new perspective for regulating the postharvest quality of yellow peach in view of the application of cuticular wax.
Multiple Uplift and Exhumation of the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau: Evidence from Low‐Temperature Thermochronology
Authors: WU Limin , PENG Touping , FAN Weiming , ZHAO Guochun , GAO Jianfeng , DONG Xiaohan , PENG Shili , MIN Kang , MYINT Tin Aung 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSince the Cenozoic, the Tibetan Plateau has experienced large‐scale uplift and outgrowth due to the India–Asia collision. However, the mechanism and timing of these tectonic processes still remain debated. Here, using apatite fission track dating and inverse thermal modeling, we explore the mechanism of different phases of rapid cooling for different batholiths and intrusions in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. In contrast to previous views, we find that the coeval granitic batholith exposed in the same tectonic zone experienced differential fast uplift in different sites, indicating that the present Tibetan Plateau was the result of differential uplift rather than the entire lithosphere uplift related to lithospheric collapse during Cenozoic times. In addition, we also suggest that the 5–2 Ma mantle‐related magmatism should be regarded as the critical trigger for the widely coeval cooling event in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, because it led to the increase in atmospheric CO2 level and a hotter upper crust than before, which are efficient for suddenly fast rock weathering and erosion. Finally, we propose that the current landform of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau was the combined influences of tectonic and climate.
An epigenetic candidate–gene association study of parental styles in suicide attempters with substance use disorders
Authors: Chrétienneau Clara , Spindola Leticia M. , Vorspan Florence , Lagerberg Trine Vik , Marie‐Claire Cynthia , Bellivier Frank , Mouly Stéphane , Laplanche Jean‐Louis , Bloch Vanessa , Le Hellard Stéphanie , Icick Romain 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSuicide attempts (SA) are prevalent in substance use disorders (SUD). Epigenetic mechanisms may play a pivotal role in the molecular mechanisms of environmental effects eliciting suicidal behaviour in this population. Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA), oxytocin and neurotrophin pathways have been consistently involved in SA, yet , their interplay with childhood adversity remains unclear, particularly in SUD. In 24 outpatients with SUDs, we examined the relation between three parental dysfunctional styles and history of SA with methylation of 32 genes from these pathways, eventually analysing 823 methylation sites. Extensive phenotypic characterization was obtained using a semi‐structured interview. Parental style was patient‐reported using the Measure of Parental Style (MOPS) questionnaire, analysed with and without imputation of missing items. Linear regressions were performed to adjust for possible confounders, followed by multiple testing correction. We describe both differentially methylated probes (DMPs) and regions (DMRs) for each set of analyses (with and without imputation of MOPS items). Without imputation, five DMRs in OXTR, CRH and NTF3 significantly interacted with MOPS father abuse to increase the risk for lifetime SA, thus covering the three pathways. After imputation of missing MOPS items, two other DMPs from FKBP5 and SOCS3 significantly interacted with each of the three father styles to increase the risk for SA. Although our findings must be interpreted with caution due to small sample size, they suggest implications of stress reactivity genes in the suicidal risk of SUD patients and highlight the significance of father dysfunction as a potential marker of childhood adversity in SUD patients.
Larval competition between three endemic fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) of differing phylogenetic relatedness
Authors: Kay Bianca J. , Harris Colin , Clarke Anthony R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWithin a fruit, fruit fly larvae can be subject to scramble competition, in which density‐dependent effects can influence the fitness of subsequent adults. While there is significant research on tephritid interspecific larval competition, it has been conducted in invasive situations where the species are evolutionarily novel to each other. There has been no published research investigating larval competitive interactions between naturally coexisting, endemic species. We ran laboratory‐based, intraspecific and interspecific larval competition trials involving three co‐occurring Bactrocera species of differing genetic relatedness and also measured aspects of juvenile development rate to test possible mechanisms of competitive difference. Larval density had an influence on intraspecific competition in Bactrocera tryoni, Bactrocera neohumeralis and Bactrocera jarvisi, with a decreasing percentage of pupation with increasing larval density. Interspecific competition between B. tryoni and B. neohumeralis, and between B. tryoni and B. jarvisi was influenced by the interaction between species and density. The intensity of competition between B. tryoni and B. neohumeralis was minimal but high between B. tryoni and B. jarvisi. B. jarvisi produced larger eggs and had faster initial larval growth rates than the other two species, but it took the longest time for pupation to occur. Our results conflict with theory, as the greatest competition was observed between the two more distantly related species (B. tryoni and B. jarvisi) rather than between the two most closely related species (B. tryoni and B. neohumeralis). Further, and contrary to other studies, egg size, hatch rate and larval growth rate did not provide B. jarvisi with a competitive advantage; thus, larval size does not appear to be a mechanism of larval competition between B. tryoni and B. jarvisi.
Whole‐genome resequencing uncovers diversity and selective sweep in Kazakh cattle
Authors: Xu Lei , Zhang Yunyun , Guo Yang , Chen Qiuming , Zhang Menghua , Chen Hong , Geng Juan , Huang Xixia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Kazakh cattle in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China are highly adaptable and have multiple uses, including milk and meat production, and use as draft animals. They are an excellent original breed that could be enhanced by breeding and hybrid improvement. However, the genomic diversity and signature of selection underlying the germplasm characteristics require further elucidation. Herein, we evaluated 26 Kazakh cattle genomes in comparison with 103 genomes of seven other cattle breeds from regions around the world to assess the Kazakh cattle genetic variability. We revealed that the relatively low linkage disequilibrium at large SNP distances was strongly correlated with the largest effective population size among Kazakh cattle. Using population structural analysis, we next demonstrated a taurine lineage with restricted Bos indicus introgression among Kazakh cattle. Notably, we identified putative selected genes associated with resistance to disease and body size within Kazakh cattle. Together, our findings shed light on the evolutionary history and breeding profile of Kazakh cattle, as well as offering indispensable resources for germplasm resource conservation and crossbreeding program implementation.
Differential price pass‐through in organic and conventional fresh fruit and vegetable markets
Authors: Li Qingxiao , Çakır Metin , Beatty Timothy K. M. , Park Timothy A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOrganic food production growth has remained relatively slow compared to organic retail sales growth in the United States. This paper questions whether the conduct of downstream agents plays any role in explaining the difference. Mainly, we shed light on structural differences between organic and conventional fresh fruit and vegetable markets by examining differential price pass‐through rates. We estimate a rolling‐window retail pricing model using retail and wholesale price data from five metropolitan statistical areas with terminal markets in the United States. We find that pass‐through rates are 10 to 15 percentage points lower in the organic market, and the differences are statistically significant. We also find that the gap between pass‐through rates narrows as the organic market share increases. Our results suggest the organic market is significantly less competitive than the conventional market. The implication is that farmers may have less incentive to convert to organic farming as they may not capture the full retail price premium consumers pay.
Trans men can achieve adequate muscular development through low‐dose testosterone therapy: A long‐term study on body composition changes
Authors: Tominaga Yusuke , Kobayashi Tomoko , Matsumoto Yuko , Moriwake Takatoshi , Oshima Yoshitaka , Okumura Misa , Horii Satoshi , Sadahira Takuya , Katayama Satoshi , Iwata Takehiro , Nishimura Shingo , Bekku Kensuke , Edamura Kohei , Sugimoto Morito , Kobayashi Yasuyuki , Watanabe Masami , Namba Yuzaburo , Matsumoto Yosuke , Nakatsuka Mikiya , Araki Motoo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundTransgender individuals undergo the gender‐affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) to achieve physical changes consistent with their gender identity. Few studies are available on the long‐term safety and efficacy of GAHT.ObjectivesTo investigate the long‐term physical effects and the safety of the testosterone therapy for trans men and to assess the impact of differential hormone dose.Materials and methodsTrans men who initiated GAHT between May 2000 and December 2021 were included in this retrospective analysis. Physical findings (body mass index, body fat percentage (BFP), lean body mass (LBM), and grip strength), blood testing results (hemoglobin, hematocrit, uric acid, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and total testosterone), and menstrual cessation were recorded. We assessed the effects of testosterone on body composition changes and laboratory parameters, comparing a low‐dose group (≤ 62.5 mg/wk) to a high‐dose group (> 62.5 mg/wk).ResultsOf 291 participants, 188 patients (64.6%) were in the low‐dose group and 103 (35.4%) in the high‐dose group. Cumulative menstrual cessation rates up to 12 months were not significantly different between groups. Both groups showed a decrease in BFP and an increase in LBM during the first year of therapy, followed by a slight increase in both over the long term. The high‐dose group exhibited greater LBM gains during the first year. Higher hormone doses and lower initial LBM values were associated with LBM increases at 3 and 6 months (3 mo, P = 0.006, P < 0.001; 6 mo, P = 0.015, P < 0.001). There were no long‐term, dose‐dependent side effects such as polycythemia or dyslipidemia.ConclusionLong‐term GAHT for trans men is safe and effective. Low‐dose testosterone administration is sufficient to increase LBM in trans men. Higher testosterone doses can lead to an earlier increase in muscle mass.
Choroidal hyperpermeability patterns correlate with disease severity in central serous chorioretinopathy: CERTAIN study report 2
Authors: Pauleikhoff Laurenz J. B. , Diederen Roselie M. H. , Chang‐Wolf Jennifer M. , Moll Annette C. , Schlingemann Reinier O. , van Dijk Elon H. C. , Boon Camiel J. F. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeChoroidal vascular hyperpermeability (CVH) on indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) is a hallmark feature of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). We identified three distinct CVH phenotypes in CSC: uni‐focal indistinct signs of choroidal hyperpermeability (uni‐FISH) with one focal area of CVH, multiple areas of focal CVH (multi‐FISH), and diffuse hyperpermeability covering most of the posterior pole (DISH). This report investigates the distribution of these phenotypes and their association with signs of disease chronicity.MethodsThe CERTAIN study is a monocentric, retrospective study on consecutive CSC patients referred to a large tertiary referral centre that underwent ultra‐widefield (UWF) and 55° ICGA. Two independent graders assessed CVH patterns based on mid‐ to late‐phase UWF and 55° ICGA with a third grader acting as referee.ResultsOf the 167 eyes of 91 patients included in this study, 43 (26%) showed uni‐FISH, 87 (52%) multi‐FISH, and 34 (20%) showed DISH based on UWF ICGA. Median age (40 vs. 45 vs. 57; p < 0.001) and logMAR visual acuity (0 vs. 0 vs. 0.1, p < 0.001) differed significantly in‐between groups, as did the occurrence of cystoid retinal degeneration (PCRD; 0% vs. 1% vs. 18%, p < 0.001) or diffuse atrophic RPE alterations (DARA; 0% vs. 17% vs. 29%, p < 0.001). The same was true when grading was based on 55° ICGA.ConclusionsThe CVH patterns of uni‐FISH, multi‐FISH, and DISH are typical of CSC. These patterns correlate with established signs of CSC chronicity. Their predictive role in treatment response and prognosis remains to be evaluated.