bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Note sur une cause d'erreur dans la détermination de la déclinaison magnétique
Authors: Morize Par H. 
Published: February 2008

La cause d'erreur causée par le défaut de paralléisme des verres de la bôite, existant dans l'emploi du magnétomètre du modèle de Kew (eten général dans tousles instruments avec lesquels le pointé sur le barreau aimanté est effectué différemment de celui sur la mire) a été signalée à l'attention des lecteurs du “Terrestrial Magnetism” par l'extrait d'une de roes lettres que M. Littlehales a en l'obligeance de transcrire dans la livraison de Mars dernier.Cette publication m'a valu, de la part de Mr. Charles Chree, le savant directcur de l'Observatoire de Kew, une lettre par laquelle il me suggère une façon simple de vérifier lequel des deux verres qui ferment la boîte magnétique, dévie par son prismatisme le rayon qui le traverse.
Magnetic observations in Southeast China
Authors: de Moidrey J. 
Published: February 2008

The following magnetic observations are extracted from the “Atlas du Haut Yang‐tse‐kiang,” by the Rev. F. S. Chevalier, late Director of the Zi‐ka‐wei Observatory. The declination and the horizontal intensity were determined with a magnetometer of the Kew pattern, by Elliott, No. 49, and the azimuth of the mark observed with a theodolite by Brunner. The dip circle used is a Dover make.The observations were made from May, 1897, to April, 1898, and reduced to January 1, 1898, by comparison with the Zi‐ka‐wei Observatory. To be sure, several of the stations were somewhat too far from the observatory for this purpose, but no other course was possible, Some of the results—for instance, those for Han‐kau—are the means of several observations taken at different times, and which were found to agree well. At other places—e. g., Wu‐hu—observations were also taken several times, but they happened not to agree and have therefore been omitted. The cause was afterwards ascertained to have been the proximity of a heap of old tin boxes. The declination in Chin‐kiang is much greater than could have been expected, but there is no reason to doubt the observations, which agree very well.
Note sur la variation séculaire de la déclinaison à Zi‐Ka‐Wei (Chine)
Authors: de Moidrey J. 
Published: February 2008

La variation séculaire de la déclinaison magnétique à Zi‐ka‐wei présente, in 1878, 1888 et 1898, trois minimums accentués, sùr lesquels nous avions attiré l'attention dans la préface du Bulletin de l'Observatoire pour 1898 (p. iii).M. Mascart écrivait en 1900: “Il semble que la période des taches solaires se traduit dans les valeurs successives de la variation séculaire.” (Traité du magnétisme terrestre, p, 284). Et il citait les observations de M. Moureaux au Parc St. Maur où la déclinaison, qui est occidentale comme ici, diminue plus rapidement les années où les taches sont importantes.
Atmospheric electricity and terrestrial magnetism at the British Association for the Advancement of Science 1903
Authors: Rotch A. Lawrence 
Published: February 2008

These topics were more than usually prominent at Southport, on account of the joint meeting of the International Meteorological Committee under the presidency of Professor Mascart, by reason of the interest aroused by Sir Norman Lockyer's paper before the Physical Section of the Association and from the fact that the presidential address to the Geographical Section was delivered by a magnetician.There were present a majority of the International Meteorological Committee, besides several members of two subcommittees, including the writer. The proceedings, so far as they related to the above subjects, were as follows: The Royal Saxon Academy of Sciences submitted the text of resolutions adopted by the Commission on the Physics of the Globe, regarding the scientific organization of investigations in atmospheric electricity, and it was decided that if these resolutions were approved by the International Association of Academies, the Committee would aid in having the investigations undertaken. Dr. Paulsen, of Copenhagen, exhibited an instrument for collecting atmospheric electricity by radio‐active salts. It was voted that Dr. Snellen, who had resigned the directorship of the Royal Dutch Meteorological Institute to take charge of the magnetic observatory at De Bilt, near Utrecht, be authorized to receive and distribute the observations on quiet magnetic days. The question proposed by Rev. J. de Moidrey concerning disturbed days was referred to the magnetic subcommittee. It was announced that Professor Rücker had consented to remain chairman of this committee, which would hold a meeting in conjunction with the British Association at Cambridge in August, 1904.
Magnetic survey of the Dutch East Indies
Authors: van Bemelen W. 
Published: February 2008

It is obvious that the degree of detail of a magnetic survey, as determined by dividing the total area by the number of stations, should be in accordance with the general aims of the survey.If the observer intends to investigate the relations between geological structure and distribution of the magnetic force, a dense network of stations is required. On the other hand, if he aims at a contribution to the knowledge of the general course of the iso‐magnetic curves over the globe, necessary for the derivations of characteristic functions, as for instance the potential function, a much smaller number of stations will suffice.
Note sur l'amplitude de l'oscillation diurne de la déclinaison magnétique et son inégalité annuelle
Authors: de Moidrey J. 
Published: February 2008

Les moyennes mensuelles de l'amplitude de l'oscillation diurne fournissent une courbe d'une assez grande régularité, dont le maximum se présente en été et le minimum en hiver, dans notre hémisphère. Le contraire a lieu dans l'hémisphère sud.On se borne en général à ce caractère principal de la variation annuelle. C'est celui par exemple qu'a envisagé M. Nordmann dans son essai récent, et fort séduisant, d'interprétation du magnétisme terrestre par les ondes hertziennes.
Principal magnetic disturbances recorded at Cheltenham Magnetic Observatory, Sept. 1–Nov. 30, 1904
Authors: Wallis W. F. 
Published: February 2008

II. Began suddenly on September 24th, at 14h 44m, 75th meridian mean time, and ended on September 20th, at about 5h. The maximum and minimum ordinates are as follows:1The times given, according to the information courteously supplied by the Superintendent .of the Sydney office, Mr. Young, applies to the 150th meridian, and is hence 10 hours ahead of Greenwich.
Some observations of the diurnal variation of the magnetic declination at Cuajimalpa near the city of Mexico
Authors: y Anda Manuel Moreno 
Published: February 2008

The following observations were made on September 15, October 1 and 15, November 1 and 15, and December 1 and 15, 1902, at Cuajimalpa, situated about 11 miles southwest of the City of Mexico. The approximate geographical position of the station is: latitude, 19° 20′N., and longitude, 99° 13′ or 6h 37m, west of Greenwich.The observations on the first four days mentioned were obtained with an Elliott magnetometer, whereas in those on the last three days a Mascart declinometer was used, referring the readings to the Elliott magnetometer. The mean results are contained in the following table. The mean of all the hourly readings gives the value D = 7° 27′.56 East. By subtracting this mean from the hourly values, the figures for the diurnal variation in the last column were derived, the sign + meaning hence an excursion of the needle to the east of the mean position.
Earthquake disturbances recorded on the magnetographs at the observatories of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey: No. 1
Authors: Burbank J. E. 
Published: February 2008

One of the earliest records of a disturbance of the Earth's magnetic elements by an earthquake seems to be that of Father Eschinardi, at Rome, in 1681.2At the time of the Lisbon earthquake in 1855, Sarti is said to have observed a similar disturbance. On November 4, 1799, at Cuniana, in South America, Humboldt3 observed that while the declination and horizontal intensity were apparently unchanged by an earthquake, the dip was diminished 48′ from which value it slowly recovered. In October, 1802, Humboldt3 at Lima observed that a needle made 219 swings in ten minutes before an earthquake and only 213 swings in ten minutes after, indicating a decrease of about 5 per cent in horizontal intensity. The dip before the earthquake was 9°35′.4, after the earthquake g°07′.2. Similar results have not been obtained by magnetic surveys in Japan.
Magnetograph records of earthquakes with special reference to the San Francisco earthquake, April 18, 1906
Authors: Bauer L. A. 
Published: February 2008

The San Francisco earthquake was one of several large earthquakes recorded the world over since the beginning of this year. The writer's prime interest in it as a magnetician is in the record it left behind on the magnetographs at various magnetic observatories of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey.It has happened several times within the last few years that earthquakes have occurred in this country which were not recorded for one reason or another, on the existing seismographs, but were indicated by the record of certain magnetographs. The most notable instance was the New England earthquake of March 21, 1904, at about eight minutes after one o'clock in the morning, Eastern time. Seismographs of the Milne type at Toronto, Canada, and Baltimore, Maryland, and of the Bosch‐Omori type at the Weather Bureau, Washington, D.C., failed to give any record of this earthquake, which was appreciably felt throughout the New England States. The magnetograph at the observatory, Cheltenham, Maryland, sixteen miles southeast of Washington, gave a distinct record at 1h 05m to 1h 17m eastern time. So there have been a number of earthquakes recorded by the magnetograph at Baldwin, Kansas, which were felt in the Middle States and reported in the papers. In fact, at this observatory, situated in a region where felt and unfelt local and regional earthquakes are comparatively frequent—note for example the many recent occurrences—more records of earthquakes are obtained on the magnetograph than at any of the other magnetic observatories.
Aggiunta alla nota “Sopra le perturbazioni magnetiche dovute al terremoto della Calabria dell'8 Settembre 1905”
Authors: Rizzo G. B. 
Published: February 2008

Nella Nota sopra citata, sulla fede di una comunicazione ricevuta dal Signor Direttore della Sezione Geofisica dell' I. R. Ufficio Idrografico di Pola, ho scritto che ivi, fra le ore 1 e 2 (t. m. civ. Gr.) del giorno 8 settembre 1905, le curve magnetiche non presentarono traccia di perturbazione. Ed ho anche cercato di spiegare questa cosa singolare, che, ad una così piccola distanza dal l'epicentre del movimento sismico, non vi fosse stata una corrispondente perturbazione degli strumenti magnetici.Ora, con una cortese lettera, della quale lo ringrazio, il Signor Direttore dell' I. R. Ufficio Idrografico di Pola mi informa come in occasione del terremoto della Calabria, che è oggetto del mio studio, fu invece registrata una cospicua pertubazione nella curva del declinometro che prima non era stata osservato a circa 1h 46m, cioè in corrispondenza alla fase principale del movimento sismico registrato dal sismografo “Vicentini.”
Distribution of electricity in the atmosphere
Authors: Homma Y. 
Published: February 2008

INTRODUCTION.The distribution of electricity in the atmosphere has hitherto been calculated, so far as the author is aware, solely on the assumption that the portion of the Earth's surface considered is a plane, the equipotential surfaces in the atmosphere being planes parallel to it.2 This procedure, simple as it is, admits of only limited application of the results to the actual problems. In the following the calculation is based upon an assumption, which, while still decidedly too simple to cover all the details occurring in the exceedingly complicated field of atmospheric electricity, may be taken as sufficient for the standard case, before we are provided with more improved observational data from all quarters of the world.
Scientific results of the Ziegler polar expedition of 1903 to 1905
Authors: Fleming J. A. 
Published: February 2008

The scope of the scientific work of the Ziegler Polar Expedition during the years 1903 to 1905, may be summarized by the following section headings of the results reported in the volume1 recently issued:A—Magnetic Observations and Reductions;B—Notes and sketches of the Auroræ Borealis ;C—Meteorological Observations and Compilations;D—Tidal Observations and Reductions ;E—Astronomic Observations and Reductions, andF—Map Construction and Survey Work.
Is the Earth's action on a magnet only a couple?
Authors: Bauer L. A. 
Published: February 2008

If the action of the Earth on a magnetic needle does not consist solely in a couple, then, contrary to our usual ideas, the needle would be subject, not only to a motion of rotation, but also to one of translation. Accordingly a compass needle might be caused to press against the supporting pivot or a dip needle exert an additional pressure on the surfaces on which the pivots rest. In order to have only a couple acting on the magnet it is necessary that the following three conditions be fulfilled exactly:a. That the forces acting on the two ends or “equivalent poles” of a magnet be opposite.b. That they be equal.c. That they be parallel.
Recent determination of the solar constant of radiation
Authors: Abbott C. G. , Fowle F. E. 
Published: February 2008

The present volume1 is an account of the work of the Astrophysical Observatory of the Smithsonian Institution from 1900 to 1907, with details of the investigations made, the apparatus and methods used, and the results obtained.Speaking broadly, the investigation relates to the intensity of the rays of the sun and the dependence of the Earth's temperature thereon. The subject is treated in three parts: First, the amount of the solar radiation as it would be found if measured outside the Earth's atmosphere, at mean solar distance, or, as is often termed, “the solar constant of radiation;” second, the dependence of the Earth's temperature on the amount of solar radiation; third, the difference in brightness between the center and edge of the sun's disk and its relation to the quantity of solar radiation received by the Earth.
Report on the atmospheric electricity observations made on the magnetic survey yacht “Galilee,” 1907–08
Authors: Dike P. H. 
Published: February 2008

In addition to the magnetic work on board the “Galilee,” an attempt was made during her final cruise (Sitka, Honolulu, Marshall Islands, Christchurch, Callao, and San Francisco), 1907–08, to secure some observations at sea of the electrical condition of the atmosphere. These were intended to include potential gradient, conductivity, and the radioactive deposit on a charged wire.The first, the determination of the potential gradient, after careful consideration of the conditions on board a sailing vessel, seemed quite impracticable, and no serious attempt was made to secure observations. The rolling of the ship, the flapping of the sails, and the varying positions of the yards and boom under various sailing conditions, all contributed to make the problem of reducing observations of potential gradient to a uniform basis too complicated to be undertaken. On board a steamer the conditions would be less variable and it might be possible to reduce readings to values for undisturbed sea by means of simultaneous observations in port with the vessel at anchor and the second collector and electroscope mounted on a raft at some distance from the vessel.
Sur le mouvement d'une aiguille aimantée librement suspendue
Authors: de Moidrey J. 
Published: February 2008

Si on suppose une aiguille magnétique librement suspendue, et qu'on imagine un observateur placé au point de suspension et regardant le pôle nord, le Dr. L. A. Bauer a montré qu'en la plupart des stations le mouvement se produit dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre. M. G. W. Littlehales a appliqué, ici même (vol. I, p. 62), ce théorème à Zi‐ka‐wei et à Hong‐kong, et proposé des formules empiriques pour représenter la variation séculaire de D et de I.J'ai été conduit a revenir sur ce sujet et à ajouter une quinzane d'années aux listes dont disposait M. Littlehales. J'y ai joint Manille.
Magnetic observations in northeast Africa
Authors: Dehalu M. 
Published: February 2008

You have heard, without doubt, that, according to the wish expressed by the Congress of Academies meeting at Vienna, July, 1907, England and Belgium decided to measure the arc along the 30th meridian in the vicinity of the equator forming the central frontier of Uganda and Belgian Congo.I had the honor to be appointed a Belgian delegate to this geodetic mission, and I wished to take advantage of my sojourn in Africa to make there a good series of magnetic observations.
Discontinuance of the Baldwin Magnetic Observatory and establishment of the Tucson Magnetic Observatory
Authors: Faris R. L. 
Published: February 2008

In the September (1907) number of this journal (Vol. XII, No. 4, page 184) it was stated that the Baldwin magnetic observatory of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey would be kept in operation until another magnetic observatory could be established somewhere west of the Mississippi River to replace it.During the early part of 1909 a site for a magnetic observatory was selected in the vicinity of Tucson, in the Territory of Arizona, after a careful inspection had been made of a number of possible locations, and after a magnetic survey was made of the finally adopted location. Construction work on the observatory buildings began in the latter part of June, 1909, and the buildings were ready for the installation of the magnetic instruments by the first of November, 1909.
On the moment of inertia of long magnet H26 at the Cheltenham Observatory
Authors: Faris R. L. 
Published: February 2008

On pages 45–46 of the March 1912 number of this Journal, attention was called to the difference between the values of the moment of inertia of a magnet as computed from its dimensions and mass, and as determined experimentally with the aid of an auxiliary inertia weight, and the statement was made that in each of the four cases mentioned where such differences were shown the magnet house of the magnetometer used was of brass, so that any effect due to impurity or damping might affect the experimentally determined results.At the suggestion of the Editor of this Journal it was decided to test this matter experimentally for the long magnet of Magnetometer No. 26, the standard instrument of the Cheltenham Magnetic Observatory.
Einige Bestimmungen der Aktivität der Luft in der Nähe der Südchilenischen und Argentinischen Küste
Authors: Knocke Walter 
Published: February 2008

Von der Leitung des Department of Terrestrial Magnetism (Carnegie Institution of Washington) beauftragt, luftelektrische Messungen während der totalen Sonnenfinsternis im Staate Minas Geraes (Brasilien—10, Okt. 1912) auszuführen, bot sich mir—die Kordillereneisenbahn war wegen gewaltiger Schneefälle ausser Betrieb—willkommene Gelegenheit, auf der Dampferfahrt nach Rio einige Messungen der induzierten Aktivität der Luft auszuführen. Während ich im März‐Mai 1911 Gelegenheit hatte, derartige Bestimmungen auf einer Fahrt nach der Osterinsel,1 also in landfernen Gebieten zu machen, kamen diesmal küstennahe Gewässer in Frage. Um eine Vergleichbarkeit dieser Messungen mit den erwähnten zu erreichen, wurde ganz in der gleichen Weise mit den gleichen Instrument gearbeitet (auf der Brücke des P.M. S. Oronsa); ich brauche daher die Art der Messung hier nicht wiederholen.Die Tabelle auf Seite 72 enthält in der ersten Spalte den ungefähren Schiffsort während der Beobachtung nach der Kartenskizze; sie enthält ferner das Datum, die Zeit der Exposition, den Elster und Geitelschen Wert A für 3 Min. nach Beendigung der Ladung, die Entfernung vom nächsten Landpunkt in km, Windrichtung und Stärke (Beaufort) und schliesslich f¨r einige Fälle das Resultat der Kurvenanalyse, d. h. den prozentualen Gehalt an Radium und Thoriuminduktionen.
On an auroral expedition to Bossekop in the spring of 1913
Authors: Störmer Carl 
Published: February 2008

The following is a short account of a new auroral expedition which I made to Bossekop in the spring of 1913 for the purpose of completing the results of my expedition to the same place in 1910.My assistant was the meteorologist, Bernt Johannes Birkeland, who also went with me in 1910, and is going with Roald Amundsen's expedition across the North Polar basin.
Magnetic and electric observations at Kew Observatory relating to the solar eclipse of August 21, 1914
Authors: Chree C. 
Published: February 2008

The following data (magnetic and electric) relate to the solar eclipse on August 21, 1914, and adjacent days.In what we did we were partly determined by the circular from Dr. Bauer, and partly by one on behalf of Mr. Carlheim Gyllensköld, who is also interested in the matter. We had only one Ebert apparatus available; our second one was temporarily at Eskdalemuir. It thus appeared best to limit ourselves to collections of positive ions. The Wilson apparatus, which was simultaneously under observation, was used to get a measure of the air‐earth current. The potential‐gradient data were derived from the water‐dropper curves. Normally we observe only at 3 p. m., with the Wilson and Ebert apparatus. But special observations were taken on August 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, and 27, covering the eclipse hours, so as to get comparative data.
Status of reduction and publication of the magnetic observations made on Amundsen's Northwest Passage
Authors: Steen Aksel S. 
Published: February 2008

You ask to be informed how soon the magnetic observations made by Captain Amundsen on his Northwest Passage will be published. With the aid of two assistants, I am still working out the large mass of material, consisting of the absolute observations of the three magnetic elements and of the magnetograph registrations.I intend to publish hourly values, local time, for H, D, V, obtained from the magnetograms, and the mean values of the ordinates for every one hour's interval, Greenwich time, 19 months at Gjöahavn, and 6 months at Kings Point. All of the magnetograms, 720 daily plates, will be reproduced in natural size.
Instructions issued by France and United States concerning protection of Cook's third expedition, returning to England
Authors: Edmonds H. M. W. 
Published: February 2008

The following extracts from Arthur Kitson's book “Captain James Cook, R. N., F. R. S. The Circumnavigator,” pages 355–356, will be of interest:“It may conveniently be noted here that, on the arrival of the Resolution and Discovery at Macao, on their way home in 1780, they were informed that England was at war with France and the American colonies; so to preserve a record for the Admiralty in case of capture, Burney made a copy of the whole of his log on thin Chinese paper. This copy is in the British Museum, and is written on both sides of sheets of paper, folded many times, in a clear hand, but so small as almost to require a magnifying glass to decipher it. This precaution was in reality unnecessary, for on the declaration of war the French Minister, M. de Sartines, wrote the following instructions to the Navy: