bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Schwannomas of the jugular foramen.
Authors: Horn Karl L. , House William F. , Hitselberger William E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSchwannomas of the jugular foramen are relatively uncommon tumors. The growth and initial presentation of these tumors are variable and may not be associated with neuropathies of cranial nerves IX, X and XI. Seven patients with jugular fossa schwannomas are presented. Auditory brain stem response, electronystagmogram, computed cranial tomography, and carotid angiography arc helpful in diagnosis and preoperative evaluation. The surgical approach should be individualized to the lesion and may include transmastoid with extended facial recess, translabyrinthine, retrolabyrinthine, and infratemporal/cervical approaches.
Conservative management of acoustic neuroma in the elderly patient
Authors: Silverstein Herbert , Mcdaniel Alan , Norrell Horace , Wazen Jack 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA subtotal resection through the translabyrinthine approach should be used in the treatment of large symptomatic acoustic neuromas in patients over the age of 65. This approach will consistently relieve the patient's symptoms of brain stem compression, reduce postoperative morbidity and complications, and preserve facial nerve function.In the elderly, after subtotal resection, the remaining tumor in 80% of cases appears to remain dormant during the average six year follow‐up (1‐16 year range). Eighty percent of acoustic neuromas not operated upon, appear to grow at a slow rate (0.2 cm/yr) while 20% grow at a fast rate (1 cm/yr). Patients over the age of 65 with small acoustic neuromas do not need surgical intervention. Yearly CT scanning is recommended to determine the growth rate of the acoustic neuroma. A conservative approach should be used in the treatment of all acoustic neuromas in the elderly.
Palliative laser surgery for melanoma metastatic to the larynx: Report of two cases.
Authors: Morgan Alice Hardin , Norris Joel William , Hicks Julius Norton 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMelanoma metastatic to the larynx is an extremely rare entity. This paper describes two patients previously treated for cutaneous melanoma who developed recurrent melanoma involving their larynges. Surgical excision of these lesions was accomplished with the carbon dioxide laser. Apparently, these two patients are the first reported cases of successful management of melanoma metaslatic to the larynx using laser surgery. The paper also discusses the evolving history and diagnosis of laryngeal melanoma, the use of the carbon dioxide laser in the treatment of other laryngeal and tracheobronchial lesions, the incidence of cutaneous and mucosal melanoma of the head and neck, and the diagnostic evaluation and management of melanoma.
Some acoustic evidence for vocal abuse in adult speakers with repaired cleft palate.
Authors: Leder Steven B. , Lerman Jay W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAcoustic evidence for vocal abuse in adult speakers with cleft palate and hypernasality has not been reported. This study was undertaken to determine if there was acoustic evidence of inappropriate vocal fold adduction during stop consonant production in this population. The results indicated that spectrograms of speakers with cleft palate and severe hypernasality exhibited acoustic characteristics different from spectrograms of speakers without cleft palate and speakers with cleft palate and mild hypernasality. Specifically, voiceless stop productions of severe hypernasal speakers resembled voiced stop productions. Their vocal folds were inappropriately adducted to provide a constriction inferior to the inadequately functioning velopharyngeal port to minimize the nasal air leak. The acoustic evidence supports the hypothesis that a cause of vocal abuse in the cleft palate population is due to compensatory laryngeal valving activities secondary to severe hypernasality.
Etiological diagnosis in sinusitis: Ultrasonography as clinical complement.
Authors: Berg Olle , Carenfelt Christer 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAccumulation of purulent sinus secretion reflects an inflammation caused by pyogenic bacteria, whereas the accumulation of nonpurulent effusion may have origins other than a bacterial infection. Ultrasonography differentiates the disordered sinus from the healthy one, but not purulent from nonpurulent secretion. In 90 patients, supposed to suffer from sinusitis, a correct diagnosis, sinus empyema us. not sinus empyema, was established in a majority of cases by means of clinical evaluation alone. By introducing ultrasonography as a complement to the clinical evaluation, the diagnostic reliability became lower. It is concluded that ultrasonography seems to have little or no implication in the therapeutic decision unless diagnostic puncture is also performed.
Correlation between nasal ciliary beat frequency and mucus transport rate in volunteers
Authors: Duchateau Guus S.M. J. E. , Merkus Frans W. H. M. , Zuidema Jan , Graamans Kees 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe correlation between mucus transport time (MTT) and nasal ciliary beat frequency (CBF) in human volunteers was investigated. Mucus transport was measured with the indigo carmine/saccharin sodium test. The test can be performed easily, with no need for sophisticated equipment. CBF was measured photometrically in biopsies from the ciliated epithelium of the nose.After statistical analysis with the Shapiro‐Wilk test, it appeared that the logarithms of the MTTs were distributed normally. The correlation between the CBF and the log‐MTT was tested with the least‐square method. Correlation coefficients are r= −0.55 and r= −0.51 (n = 31) for the log‐MTTs as measured with saccharin sodium and indigo carmine respectively. The results arc significant at a level α = 0.005.The highly significant correlation between CBF and log‐MTT suggests that CBF is the main factor in the nasal mucociliary clearance in healthy volunteers. The indigo carmine/saccharin sodium test appears to be useful in testing the in vivo effects of nasal drugs on mucociliary clearance.
Comparative skin and rast test results — An update
Authors: Sogg Alan J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractNinety allergy patients who had RAST testing prior to skin testing are evaluated by the comparison of the results of these two contrasting methods of testing. The skin tests were done on the basis of the RAST results and the size of the wheal obtained was greater than expected in the less sensitive patients with both pollens and non‐pollens. The opposite was found with the more sensitive patients — Rast classes 4 and 5.The distribution of the results was statistically analyzed and the p‐value was less than .001 for both pollens and non‐pollens. The resultant conclusions are that desensitization based on RAST testing alone is contraindicated and that the patient is best handled by integration of the findings of these two different testing modes.
Aerodynamic assessment of the henley‐cohn tracheoesophageal prosthesis
Authors: Hillman Robert E. , Holmberg Eva , Walsh Michael , Vaughan Charles 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn vitro airway resistance measurements were performed for eight Henley‐Cohn voice prostheses. The results of these measures demonstrated that the Henley‐Cohn device offers substantially less resistance to the flow of air than either the Blom‐SingerN or Panje devices.g The lower overall resistance of the Henley‐Cohn device was shown to be due to both its larger inner cross sectional area and to an improved valve tip design.The lower airway resistance of the Henley‐Cohn prosthesis should theoretically result in more ‘efficient’ production of esophageal voice than would be the case when using the Blom‐Singer or Panje devices. However, the results of this investigation also point to the need for the development of methods which will enable investigators to evaluate the in vivo performance of tracheoesophageal prostheses.
Facial plastic surgery in an otolaryngology training program
Authors: Osguthorpe J. David , Lomax William R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe medical complications and unsatisfactory results of facial plastic surgery performed by residents under close supervision are compared with those of the staff who train them and the literature. In 502 rhinoplasty, rhytidectomy, browlift, blepharoplasty, otoplasty, dermabrasion, and chemical peel procedures, there were no significant differences between the resident and staff operations except that residents required more time to perform the procedure. Operations which might be combined at one sitting should be staged during a resident's early experience with cosmetic surgery.
Laryngeal epidermoid carcinoma associated with juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis
Authors: Matsuba Howard M. , Thawley Stanley E. , Spector Gershon J. , Mauney Marc , Pikul Frank J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe speculation whether juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis may transform into or be associated with epidermoiel carcinoma is explored. We document a case of invasive laryngeal carcinoma arising in preexisting juvenile laryngenl papillomatosis. After multipe childhood laryngoscopies and a tracheotomy, a 54‐year‐old, 30‐pack per year smoker, who had never received radiation therapy, developed a florid exophytic transglottic squamous cell carcinoma. Histologically, the invasive epidermoid carcinoma was surrounded by a field of papillomata with varying degrees of atypical changes. After total laryngectomy, isolated papillomata were found in the lower trachea. There were no cervical lymph node metastases. No postoperative radiation therapy was given. Persistent squamous papillomata in the trachcostomy site, the lower trachea, and the posterior pharynx were treated with the CO2 laser.We emphasize the need to maintain a high index of suspicion for malignancy. In addition, we review the problem of benign papillomata in the aerodigestive tract following laryngeetomy.
CT‐directed fine needle aspiration biopsies of masses in the head and neck
Authors: Abemayor Elliot , Ljung Britt‐Marie , Larsson Sven , Ward Paul H. , Hanafee William 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is a safe, reliable, and cost‐effective technique available for the evaluation of head and neck masses. Its utility is enhanced by the use of CT‐directed aspiration. Candidates for CT‐directed FNA include patients with: 1. deep‐seated lesions; 2. distorted anatomy as a result of surgery or irradiation; 3. medical problems which contraindicate general anesthesia. The initial UCLA experience with this modality is reviewed. In certain clinical settings, CT‐directed FNA can be a highly productive source of clinical information.
Perilymphatic fistulas: Are they exclusive to the round and oval windows?
Authors: Yaniv E. , Hacking D. , Ziv‐El L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractEleven patients suspected of having perilymphatic fistulas were evaluated. A perilymphatic fistula was demonstrable in ten of these patients. In six patients, fistulas of one of the windows, or both were found. In two patients, combined fistulas of both the round window and lateral semicircular canal were found. In two other patients, fistulas were found only in the lateral semicircular canal. The patients in whom fistulas were found and repaired improved dramatically. The patient without a demonstrable fistula remained symptomatic.We have shown that perilymphatic fistulas can occur in the lateral semicircular canal, and suggest exploring this area when indicated.
Head and neck manifestations of neurofibromatosis
Authors: White Ann K. , Smith Richard J. H. , Robert Bigler C. , Brooke William F. , Schauer Philip R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractNeurofibromatosis is a neurocutaneous systemic disease that occurs in 1:2500 to 3300 live births. Prevalence figures have shown it to be as common as cystic fibrosis or Down's syndrome and more than twice as common as muscular dystrophy. In this study, our experience with 257 cases of neurofibromatosis seen since 1972 is reviewed. Intracranial, bony, and extracranial anomalies are described in the 223 patients (87%) who presented with, or ultimately developed, head and neck manifestations of the disease. The most common intracranial tumor was optic glioma, found in 35 patients (14%), 19 younger than 10 years of age. Acoustic neuromas were diagnosed in eight individuals (3%) and were bilateral in three. The most common skull anomaly was macrocephaly, noted 78 times (30%). Absence of the sphenoid wing occurred in 11 patients (4%) and 19 others (7%) had facial asymmetry due to other skull abnormalities. Extracranial manifestations included neurofibromas of the plexiform and nonplexiform type, Lisch nodules, and cafe‐au‐lait spots.
Esthesioneuroblastoma: the university of virginia experience 1960–1985
Authors: Levine Paul A. , Copley McLean W. , Cantrell Robert W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTwenty‐six cases of esthesioneuroblastoma were treated by the Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery from 1960 to 1985. This period was divided into the precraniofacial period (1960 to 1975) and the craniofacial period (1976 to 1985) to denote the transition to a more aggressive combined therapeutic approach.Of the eight patients in the precraniofacial group (group I), only 37.5% are alive without disease. In group II (the craniofacial group), 82% of the patients are alive without disease with an average follow‐up of 4 years. This latter survival rate compares favorably with the survival rate of group I and the cure rate of 10% to 67% as stated in other studies.
Primary mandibular reconstruction using the ao reconstruction plate
Authors: Chow James M. , Hill James H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPrimary reconstruction of segmental defects of the mandible following cancer resection remains a major problem. In 1976, a stainless steel plate was developed by AO/ASIF (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen/Association for the Study of Internal Fixation) for mandibular reconstruction. This plate completely stabilizes both mandibular stumps without the need for intermaxillary or external fixation. In addition, when bone grafting is performed, the design of this plate promotes revascularization by allowing maximal contact between grafted cancellous bone and surrounding soft tissue.Since April 1985, we have used this reconstruction plate in six patients undergoing composite resection. The technique did not compromise cancer resection, excessively prolong operating time, or alter postoperative management. All six patients have retained the AO reconstruction plate and have been reconstructed successfully with achievement of satisfactory function and cosmesis.
Individual data from the 3M/vienna extracochlear implant
Authors: Facer George W. , Rose Darrell E. , Mcdonald Thomas J. , King Anna Mary , Fabry David A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFive patients who received the 3M/Vienna extracochlear implant were given a standard battery of tests before and after implantation. Pure‐tone audiograms, hearing aid evaluation, and promontory threshold and dynamic range stimulation were conducted to evaluate implant candidacy and to determine whether a particular patient met the criteria for inclusion in the study. Speech reading tests were also given before implantation. Postimplantation testing consisted of thresholds and tolerance levels for pure tones and speech reading with and without acoustic stimulation. Tests on environmental sounds, speech discrimination, and word discrimination were scored. Minimal Auditory Capabilities (MAC) Battery scores were determined on MAC, I, II, IV, V, VII, VIII, and XII subtests over several time intervals (sessions). The hearing results varied greatly among patients. All five patients expressed satisfaction and are presently wearing their units.
The effect of tracheostomy on posterior cricoarytenoid muscle
Authors: Lieberman Marc E. , Malmgren Leslie T. , Woo Peak , Colton Raymond H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIt has been reported previously that the amount of electromyographic (EMG) potential of the posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) decreases after prolonged tracheostomy. It is, therefore, reasonable to assume that a significant alteration of the biochemical characteristics of this muscle would also occur. In addition to histochemical analysis, endoscopic and EMG data were recorded to give a direct comparison in each subject. Seven male beagles were used for this study. Four were tracheostomized and three served as controls. They were examined immediately before and after surgery and again after 4 weeks by EMG and endoscopic techniques. Histochemical staining was performed on each subject. All three modalities failed to demonstrate a substantial difference between the controls and the experimental dogs.
Long‐Term effects of multichannel cochlear implant usage
Authors: Waltzman Susan B. , Cohen Noel L. , Shapiro William H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA major concern regarding multichannel (multi‐electrode) cochlear prosthesis usage has been the possibility of long‐term deleterious physiological effects such as the degeneration of spiral ganglion cells, neuronal degeneration, and new bone formation. These effects, if present, would become evident in the deterioration of hearing sensation and performance of the cochlear implant recipient on a battery of audiologic tests.To date, five patients using the Australian multi‐electrode multichannel cochlear implant have undergone a 1‐year evaluation of the device. The assessment includes a check of electrical threshold and comfort levels for each electrode, sound field pure tone and speech thresholds, the MAC battery, vowel and consonant recognition tests, and speech tracking tasks.All results were compared to those obtained postoperatively following stimulation and a 3‐month training period. Results to date have shown no deterioration in implant functioning in all patients tested. Periodic extensive monitoring of all implant recipients is advocated in order to evaluate the possibility of long‐term effects.
Nonflammable endotracheal device for co2laser ablation of benign laryngeal and proximal tracheal tumors
Authors: Lawler Robert A. , Chang Juei‐Ling , Dudman Andrew , Rubiano Remigio 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA Holinger aspirating tube may be utilized as a nonflammable endotracheal device during CO2laser ablation of benign laryngeal and proximal tracheal tumors. Adequate jet ventilation may be performed through this small diameter (3.0 mm), metallic device while providing an unobstructed view of the surgical lesion. This technique was well‐accepted by surgeons during the clinical trials. Because the 3.0 mm outside diameter was significantly smaller than the smallest flexible, uncuffed metal endotracheal tube currently available (6.9 mm), the rigid structure facilitated atraumatic insertion past the surgical lesion. Both the use of this device and the required anesthetic technique are described in three CO2laser ablative procedures. The authors consider that this device increases safety during this potentially hazardous procedure by eliminating the flammable polyvinyl chloride endotracheal tube and cottonoid packings most frequently used during this procedure.
Pyoderma gangrenosum of the head and neck
Authors: Schwarz Matthew B. , Petroff Mark A. , Anonsen Cynthia K. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPyoderma gangrenosum is an ulcerative skin disorder usually associated with an underlying systemic disease. Head and neck involvement is rare, but possibly more common than once thought. The etiology of this disease is unclear, but may be related to an abnormal immunologic response. There are no pathognomonic histologic or laboratory findings; the diagnosis is made by the clinical appearance of the lesions and disease course. Treatment consists of immunosuppression and local wound care in addition to a search for and treatment of an underlying primary systemic disorder. A case report and review of the literature is presented with discussion of common head and neck manifestations, the differential diagnosis, and treatment alternatives.
The microtrapdoor technique for the management of laryngeal stenosis
Authors: Duncavage James A. , Ossoff Robert H. , Piazza Leonard S. , Toohill Robert J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe use of the carbon dioxide laser as an endoscopic microsurgical instrument has stimulated interest in treating laryngeal and tracheal stenosis. Dedo and Sooy (1984) reported a significant improvement in the management of posterior commissure, subglottic, and high tracheal stenoses with the use of a microtrapdoor flap. A recent laboratory investigation of this method supported the clinical efficacy of this technique. Six patients are evaluated in this report, three with posterior commissure stenosis and three with subglottic or high tracheal lesions. All six patients had a tracheotomy present or performed at the time of their surgical procedures, and each patient had only one procedure. All six had improved airways after the microtrapdoor flaps. Five have been decannulated and one patient with associated hypopharyngeal stenosis still has a tracheostomy because of mild aspiration, although the airway lumen is moderately unproved. It is felt that, as a group, the subglottic and high tracheal lesions respond to this technique better than the posterior commissure stenoses. Details of the technique are presented. This brief clinical report supports the efficacy of the microtrapdoor flap procedure in selected laryngeal and tracheal stenoses.
Major auricular malformations due to accutane® (isotretinoin)
Authors: Jahn Anthony F. , Ganti Krishna 
Published: October 2006

AbstractVitamin A and vitamin A derivatives have been described as etiologic factors for a number of congenital malformations. Two infants are presented with major auricular malformations including anotia and severe microtia. The infants were products of a pregnancy complicated by Accutane® ingestion during the first trimester. Both infants had associated central nervous system malformations.With the increasing use of Accutane® for the treatment of cystic acne in young women of child‐bearing age, the dangers of teratogenesis in the head and neck area are greatly increased. This presentation will review two such cases as well as give an overview of the embryogenesis and teratogenesis of the auricle.
Specific lymphokine responses in cervical nodes of patients with laryngeal cancer
Authors: Cortesina G. , Beatrice F. , Morra B. , Barioglio M. G. , Poggio E. , Bussi M. , Difortunato V. , Sacchi M. , Rendine S. , Sartoris A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe role of lymphokines in modulating the immune response in patients suffering from neoplastic disease is still controversial. Recent studies indicate that in patients with head and neck cancer, a decrease in LIF (leukocyte migration inhibiting factor) production is usually present in advanced disease. In this study, the authors investigate:
the LIF production in lymphocytes derived from the peripheral blood and cervical nodes of patients with laryngeal carcinoma by using an autologous pattern (i.e., for each patient, the specific LIF production was challenged by means of an autologous cell extract derived from his own tumor);
the influence of histologically confirmed cervical node metastases on LIF production.
Our results indicate that:
There is a significant decrease in LIF production in patients with histologically proven cervical node metastases as compared to patients with no metastatic foci.
The decrease of LIF production is related to the presence of mononuclear adherent cells. When the latter are removed, there is a significant reversal of specific LIF suppression.
The possible meaning of the data is discussed.