bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Therapeutic Contribution of the Nanoconjugated Form Using Sono‐Photochemical Application; Novel Indium Phthalocyanine and Its Cystein‐Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dot Derivative
Authors: Celep Kevser , Gökçil Gökçe , Şen Pınar , Şahin Fikrettin , Erdoğmuş Ali , Atmaca Göknur Yaşa 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to synthesize sensitizer molecules with high therapeutic efficacy using a new indium phthalocyanine (InPc) with halogen substituents and novel supramolecular hybrids containing graphene quantum dots (GQDs). 4‐Tetra‐(2‐bromo‐4‐methylphenol) phtalocyaninato indium(III) chloride was immobilized via π–π stacking interaction on GQDs functionalized with cysteine. The photochemical and sono‐photochemical features were determined for both indium phthalocyanine alone and its respective conjugate to investigate their potential in advanced cancer therapies with enhanced singlet oxygen generations. The nanoconjugate form of InPc demonstrated better singlet oxygen quantum yields with results reaching to Φ∆(SPDT) = 1.31 and Φ∆(PDT) = 0.81 as compared to the InPc alone. These results also confirm that sono‐photochemical method enhances therapeutic activity due to the combined benefits of light an ultrasound. This study paves the way for future research aimed at achieving highly efficient singlet oxygen generation.
Amidophosphine Boranes as Easy Reducing Agents for Efficient Conversion of Nitro Compounds to Primary Amines With Iron Catalyst
Authors: Sharma Jyoti , Dutta Pooja , Sau Abhijit , Panda Tarun K. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWe report a direct and efficient methodology for the hydroboration of aliphatic and aryl nitro compounds using amidophosphine‐borane {(C6H5)CH2N(PPh)2(BH3)2} in the presence of iron(II) chloride as a catalyst under mild conditions to form primary amines after hydrolysis. Solid amidophosphine‐boranes are user‐friendly and readily synthesized, revealing remarkable reducing properties toward a comprehensive range of nitro compounds. The scalability of the present approach is defined by performing gram‐scale reactions and synthesis of different pharmaceuticals like paracetamol and benzocaine, demonstrating the synthetic applicability of the current strategy.
Nano‐SiO2 Composite Solid Polyelectrolyte Membranes Based on Bis‐Imidazole Cationic‐Functionalized Benzonorbornadiene Block Copolymers for Solid‐State Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: He Xiaohui , Qin Zengwei , Chen Defu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSolid polyelectrolytes (SPEs) have garnered considerable attention and extensive research due to their exceptional flexibility, low cost, and ease of industrial production. This study synthesized bis‐imidazole cationic functionalized benzonorbornadiene block copolymers rP(NB‐MGE‐b‐BenzoNBD‐BisIm+TFSI−) via ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). The block copolymers were blended with lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiTFSI) and nano SiO2 to prepare the composite solid polyelectrolytes membrane (CSPEMs) rP(NB‐MGE‐b‐BenzoNBD‐BisIm+TFSI−)/LiTFSI/SiO2 by a solution casting method for applications in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). This research investigates the effect of different nano‐SiO2 content on the ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability of the composite SPEs. The relationship between the intrinsic structure and properties of rP(NB‐MGE‐b‐BenzoNBD‐BisIm+TFSI−)/LiTFSI/z wt% SiO2 (z = 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5) was studied. When the SiO2 content is 5.0 wt%, the maximum ionic conductivity reaches 9.3 × 10−5 S cm−1 at 30°C and 1.5 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 80°C. The NCM811/CSPEM/Li battery exhibits an initial reversible discharge capacity of 149.7 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.2 C, with a coulombic efficiency maintained above 96%. After 50 cycles at a current density of 0.2 C, the capacity remains at 148.9 ± 8 mAh g−1, with the coulombic efficiency continuing to exceed 96%, which demonstrating robust cycling stability.
Looking to the past to inform the future: What eDNA from herbarium specimens can tell us about plant–animal interactions
Authors: Waters Christopher , Hurt Carla , Krosnick Shawn 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPremiseThe importance of natural history collections in modern ecological and genetic research cannot be overstated. Herbarium specimens provide historical information that can be used to investigate community ecology, phenology, and population genetics. In this study, environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding and next‐generation sequencing were used to test the efficacy of detecting historical plant–animal interactions from herbarium specimen flowers.MethodsA modified eDNA isolation method and standard Illumina sequencing protocols were used. Animal eDNA was amplified using both cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S primers to increase detection probability. The relationship between specimen age (0–69 years) and target taxa read depth was also investigated.ResultsWe generated and identified over 1.5 million sequences of animal taxa belonging to 29 clades (families or orders). These methods enabled the detection of taxa including birds, mammals, hymenopterans, lepidopterans, coleopterans, and taxa belonging to “intrafloral” communities. While herbarium specimens overall yielded less identifiable eDNA compared to fresh material, the age of the herbarium specimen negligibly affected the amount of target and/or non‐target eDNA detected in flowers.DiscussionWith careful consideration of the types of data that may be obtained through sampling eDNA from herbarium specimens, these methods could prove valuable to future research on plant–animal interactions.
Ionic Device: From Neuromorphic Computing to Interfacing with the Brain
Authors: Huang Zijia , Mei Tingting , Zhu Xinyi , Xiao Kai 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn living organisms, the modulation of ion conductivity in ion channels of neuron cells enables intelligent behaviors, such as generating, transmitting, and storing neural signals. Drawing inspiration from these natural processes, researchers have fabricated ionic devices that replicate the functions of the nervous system. However, this field remains in its infancy, necessitating extensive foundational research in ionic device preparation, algorithm development, and biological interaction. This review summarizes recently developed neuromorphic ionic devices into three categories based on the materials states: liquid, semi‐solid, and solid. The neural network algorithms embedded in these devices for neuromorphic computing are introduced, and future directions for the development of bidirectional human‐computer interaction and hybrid human‐computer intelligence are discussed.
Holonomy Observables for the Turaev–Viro Model of Quantum Gravity
Authors: Silveira V. M. G. , Hadjimichef D. , Luna E. G. S. , Zen Vasconcellos César A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a proposal for the study of holonomy observables for the Turaev–Viro model, a model of three‐dimensional Loop Quantum Gravity with a positive cosmological constant. A review of central aspects of Loop Quantum Gravity and of a categorical formalism for discrete gauge theories is presented with the intent to contextualize the Turaev–Viro model within a more general setting, which clarifies the role of the Hopf algebra in its construction. The key results on spin observables for the Turaev–Viro model and on holonomy observables for the Ponzano–Regge model are presented as an effort to develop a theory of holonomy observables for the Turaev–Viro model.
Stabilizing Cathode‐Electrolyte Interface by Low‐Cost Ethyl Methylsulfone Co‐Solvent for High‐Voltage Sodium‐ion Batteries
Authors: Hu Xinran , Hu Wenxi , Peng Deda , Liu Xiaowei , Zhou Xing , Wang Meilong , Zhou Yongyuan , Han Jin , Liu Tiefeng , You Ya 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRaising the upper cut‐off voltage of cathode is an effective method to improve the energy density of sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). However, the high upper cut‐off voltage could cause severe side reactions and injure the cycle life of SIBs as the absence of stable cathode‐electrolyte interface. Some fluorinated co‐solvents have been ever employed and proven effective in stabilizing the cathode‐electrolyte interface to support the normal operation of SIBs under a high upper cut‐off voltage. However, the high‐cost of fluorinated co‐solvents would notably improve battery expenses. In this study, a low‐cost co‐solvent called ethyl methylsulfone (EMS) is introduced into the electrolyte for the Na0.67Mn0.8Cu0.2O2 cathode with a high upper cut‐off voltage of 4.5 V. It is found that a stable and uniform cathode‐electrolyte interface (CEI) forms on the cathode, which mitigates the cathode degradation and enhances the cycling stability of cathode. Consequently, this cathode with the designed electrolyte achieves a high capacity retention of 83.2 % after 750 cycles at a current density of 1 C (1 C=110 mAh g−1). This work provides valuable insights into the development of electrolytes for sodium‐ion batteries working at high‐voltage.
Impact of Multimorbidity on Symptom Burden and Symptom Clusters in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
Authors: Harris Carolyn , Hammer Marilyn J. , Conley Yvette P. , Paul Steven M. , Cooper Bruce A. , Shin Joosun , Oppegaard Kate , Morse Lisa , Levine Jon D. , Miaskowski Christine 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundDetailed information on patient characteristics and symptom burden associated with multimorbidity in oncology patients is extremely limited. Purposes were to determine the prevalence of low (≤ 2) and high (≥ 3) multimorbidity in a sample of oncology outpatients (n = 1343) undergoing chemotherapy and evaluate for differences between the two multimorbidity groups in demographic and clinical characteristics; the occurrence, severity, and distress of 38 symptoms; and the stability and consistency of symptom clusters.MethodsUsing the Self‐Administered Comorbidity Questionnaire, patients were classified into low and high multimorbidity groups. Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale was used to assess the occurrence, severity, and distress of 38 symptoms prior to the patients' second or third cycle of chemotherapy. For each multimorbidity group, symptom clusters based on occurrence rates were identified using exploratory factor analysis.ResultsCompared to the low group (61.4%), patients in the high group (38.6%) were older, had fewer years of education, were less likely to be married or partnered, less likely to be employed, and had a lower annual income. In addition, they had a higher body mass index, poorer functional status, were a longer time since their cancer diagnosis, and were more likely to have received previous cancer treatments and have metastatic disease. Patients in the low and high groups reported 12.7 (±6.7) and 15.9 (±7.5) concurrent symptoms, respectively. Eight and seven symptom clusters were identified for the low and high groups, respectively. Psychological, gastrointestinal, weight gain, hormonal, and respiratory clusters were stable across multimorbidity groups. Weight gain and respiratory clusters were consistent. Three unstable clusters were identified in the low group and two in the high group.ConclusionsFindings suggest that higher multimorbidity is associated with various social determinants of health and a higher symptom burden. Differences between multimorbidity groups may be related to aging, treatments, and/or comorbid conditions.
The Combined Prognostic Value of 18F‐FDG PET/CT Metabolic Parameters of Immune Organs and Hematological Immune‐Related Markers in Patients With Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
Authors: Li Yi , Wang Xin , Li Yuanlin , Li Wanhu , Liu Defeng , Guo Longxiang , Liu Xiuli , Li Zhichao , Liu Ao , Li Minghuan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study aimed to explore the prognostic value of fluorine‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F‐FDG PET/CT) metabolic parameters of immune organs and hematological immune‐related markers for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), and to establish prognostic nomograms based on these potential biomarkers.MethodsA total of 180 patients with LACC undergoing CCRT were retrospectively reviewed and randomly divided into training and validation groups at a 7:3 ratio. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify independent prognostic factors for progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) from hematological immune‐related markers and 18F‐FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters of the primary tumor, spleen, and bone marrow (BM). Nomograms were developed and evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves, concordance index (C‐index), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the relationships among metabolic parameters.ResultsMultivariable analysis identified International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and spleen maximum standardized uptake value (SUVspleen) as independent prognostic factors for PFS. For OS, the independent prognostic factors were FIGO stage, NLR, metabolic tumor volume, and SUVspleen. The nomograms demonstrated better prognostic performance for PFS (area under curve [AUC]: 0.875 and 0.862; C‐index: 0.809 and 0.775) and OS (AUC: 0.858 and 0.814; C‐index: 0.828 and 0.792) in the training and validation groups. Calibration curves and DCA indicated that the nomograms have good predictive accuracy and clinical utility. Spearman correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations among total lesion glycolysis, SUVspleen, SUVBM, and platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio.ConclusionThe nomograms based on metabolic parameters of immune organs and hematological immune‐related markers demonstrated high predictive value for patients with LACC undergoing CCRT. The observed correlations between the metabolic parameters of the primary tumor and immune organs suggest a widespread disturbance of systemic immunity caused by the tumor.
Serum Lipid Biomarkers and the Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers in a Chinese Population: The Kailuan Prospective Study
Authors: Xiao Ying , Du Xin , Wang Tianjie , Liu Dong , You Hongzhao , Wang Hao , Liang Hanyang , Ba Zhengqing , Liu Yilu , Ren Yu , Zeng Jinghan , Yang Weixian , Wu Shouling , Yuan Jiansong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCurrent evidence on relationships between serum lipid biomarkers and the risk of gastrointestinal cancers remains controversial, with no consensus reached.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study within the Kailuan Cohort wherein 88,225 individuals with baseline information on triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) was followed from 2006 to 2021 for the incidence of esophageal cancer (EC), gastric cancer (GC), and colorectal cancer (CRC). Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsIncreased EC risk was associated with high HDL‐C levels (HRQ4vs.Q1 = 2.50, 95% CI: 1.57–3.98), while a U‐shaped relationship between HDL‐C and EC risk was revealed in the RCS analysis (poverall ≤ 0.0001, pnonlinear = 0.02). No robust association was identified between lipid biomarkers and GC risk. In multivariable analysis, increased CRC risk was positively associated with high TC levels (HRQ4vs.Q1 = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.11–1.83, ptrend = 0.03), dose–responsely negatively associated with LDL‐C levels over quartiles (HRQ2vs.Q1 = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.66–1.02; HRQ3vs.Q1 = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.69–1.07; HRQ4vs.Q1 = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.53–0.86, ptrend = 0.02), and showed a diminished negative association with HDL‐C levels over quartiles (HRQ2vs.Q1 = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.60–0.94; HRQ3vs.Q1 = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.61–0.95; HRQ4vs.Q1 = 0.91, 95% CI 0.74–1.13, ptrend = 0.02). The subsequent RCS analysis revealed a linear negative relationship of LDL‐C (poverall = 0.004, pnonlinear = 0.67) and a U‐shaped relationship of HDL‐C (poverall = 0.05, pnonlinear = 0.02) with CRC risk. Competitive risk analysis and sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of our results.ConclusionWe observed a U‐shaped relationship regarding HDL‐C levels with EC and CRC risk, and a linear inverse relationship between LDL‐C levels and CRC risk. Relevant serum lipid levels should be properly managed in high‐risk individuals of certain gastrointestinal cancers.
Critical Review of Corrugation in Tubular Heat Exchangers: Focus on Thermal and Economical Aspects
Authors: Nawaz Rab , Kazi Salim Newaz , Chew Bee Teng , Mohd Zubir Mohd Nashrul , Shaikh Kaleemullah , Hasnain Samr Ul , Khan Wajahat Ahmed 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHeat exchangers (HXs) are crucial in transmitting thermal energy in various industrial and domestic applications. Efforts to improve the design of HXs over the years have resulted in heat transfer enhancement with the penalty of pressure loss (∆P). Researchers have implemented various methods to enhance heat transfer. These methods have been categorized based on the need for external power. Active heat transfer methods require external energy, whereas passive heat transfer methods operate without an external power source. Increasing the effective surface area for heat transfer or inducing turbulence through surface alterations can improve passive heat transfer, leading to secondary flow. Of all the surface alterations, the corrugated tubes are particularly significant for enhancing the heat transfer in a turbulent flow, as they result in a reasonable increase in ΔP. Apart from an increase in ΔP, the initial cost of corrugated tube HX is higher than that of simple HX. Therefore, one should not write off the economic analysis of any passive enhancement technique. Various applications increasingly use corrugation in systems like the primary and secondary heat transport systems of nuclear reactors, refrigeration, and other industries. This paper critically reviews thermal investigations for improving heat transfer and a comprehensive economic analysis of corrugated tube HXs.
Structural Heart Disease Interventions. Year in Review 2023–2024
Authors: Marmagkiolis Konstantinos , Caballero Jaime , Votsis Stefanos , Ninios Vlasis , Cilingiroglu Mehmet , Boudoulas Konstantinos Dean , Iliescu Cezar 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn 2023–2024, there was a surge in research on structural heart disease. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the field for both general and interventional cardiologists, especially those with a keen interest in structural heart interventions. It summarizes the most important randomized controlled trials, meta‐analyses, retrospective analyses, data registries, and noteworthy late‐breaking studies unveiled at prominent cardiology conferences.
Optimal control of axial dispersion tubular reactors with recycle: Addressing state‐delay through transport PDEs
Authors: Moadeli Behrad , Cassol Guilherme Ozorio , Dubljevic Stevan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe optimal control of an axial tubular reactor with a recycle stream is addressed as a key type of setting for distributed parameter systems in chemical engineering. The intrinsic time delay from the recycle process, thus far overlooked in relevant literature, is modelled as a transport partial differential equation (PDE), resulting in a system of coupled parabolic and hyperbolic PDEs. Utilizing Danckwerts boundary conditions, the reactor is boundary‐controlled with the control input at the inlet. A continuous‐time optimal linear quadratic regulator is developed to stabilize the infinite‐dimensional system, employing a late lumping approach in order to preserve the properties of the original infinite dimensional system in controller design. The full‐state feedback regulator is designed by solving the Operator Riccati Equation (ORE), leveraging the system's Riesz‐spectral properties. To address practical limitations of full‐state feedback, a Luenberger observer is also proposed, enabling state reconstruction from boundary measurements. Numerical simulations are conducted to evaluate the proposed control strategies. The results demonstrate that the full‐state feedback regulator effectively stabilizes the system. A comparison is made between two configurations where different numbers of eigenmodes were selected to design the controller. The observer‐based regulator also stabilizes the system successfully using merely output measurements, effectively overcoming the challenge of limited state access.
Cardiovascular Efficacy and Safety of Finerenone: A Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Ahmed Mushood , Ahsan Areeba , Shafiq Aimen , Maniya Muhammad Talha , Jain Hritvik , Iqbal Javed , Naveed Muhammad Abdullah , Ahmed Raheel , Rana Jamal S. , Fudim Marat , Fonarow Gregg C. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundFinerenone, a nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, has emerged as a novel therapeutic option for the management of patients with diabetes, chronic kidney disease, or heart failure. We seek to summarize the evidence on the drug's effectiveness regarding cardiovascular (CV) outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a literature search of Pubmed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to September 2024. Trials exploring the effects of finerenone on CV outcomes were extracted and analyzed. The results of pooled analyses were presented as risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsA total of eight trials, incorporating 21 200 patients, were included. The pooled analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in all‐cause death (RR 0.92, 95% CI: 0.85–0.99), major adverse CV events (RR 0.85, 95% CI: 0.81–0.90), heart failure‐related hospitalizations or unplanned hospital visits (RR 0.82, 95% CI: 0.76–0.87) with finerenone administration compared to control. Finerenone use was associated with a trend of reduced risk of CV death without reaching statistical significance (RR 0.90, 95% CI: 0.81–1.00). The risk of myocardial infarction (RR 0.91, 95% CI: 0.74–1.12), adverse events (RR 0.96, 95% CI: 0.89–1.03), adverse events leading to discontinuation (RR 1.06, 95% CI: 0.96–1.17) remained comparable across both groups. However, an increased risk of hyperkalemia (RR 2.07, 95% CI: 1.88–2.27) was observed with finerenone therapy compared to the control group.ConclusionFinerenone administration was associated with improved CV outcomes in the CV‐renmetabolic conditions compared to the control group.