bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sinusoidal transmission grating spectrometer for extreme ultraviolet measurement
Authors: Kliss N. , Wengrowicz J. , Papeer J. , Mazuz-Harpaz Y. , Porat E. , Zigler A. , Frank Y. 
Published: March 2024

Spectral measurements play a vital role in understanding laser–plasma interactions. The ability to accurately measure the spectrum of radiation sources is crucial for unraveling the underlying physics. In this article, we introduce a novel approach that significantly enhances the efficiency of binary sinusoidal transmission grating spectrometers . The grating was tailored especially for Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) measurements. The new design, High Contrast Sinusoidal Transmission Grating (HCSTG), not only suppresses high diffraction orders and retains the advantageous properties of previous designs but also exhibits a fourfold improvement in first-order efficiency. In addition, the HCSTG offers exceptional purity in the first order due to effectively eliminating half-order contributions from the diffraction pattern. The HCSTG spectrometer was employed to measure the emission of laser-produced Sn plasma in the 1–50 nm spectral range, achieving a spectral resolution of λ/Δλ = 60. We provide a comprehensive analysis comparing the diffraction patterns of different STGs, highlighting the advantages offered by the HCSTG design. This novel, efficiency-enhanced HCSTG spectrometer opens up new possibilities for accurate and sensitive EUV spectral measurements.
Hollow microsphere probes formed by hollow core optical fiber discharging for monitoring gas pressure and temperature
Authors: Cao Tingshui , Jiang Chao , Fang Ting , Guo Xiaoshan , Sun Simei , Jiang Guozhou , Shu Yukun , Huang Huiling 
Published: March 2024

A hollow core fiber (HCF) is spliced with a single-mode fiber, and then, the end face of the HCF is etched to form a microsphere interferometer for measuring gas pressure and environmental temperature. The total length of each microsphere is less than 200 μm. We fabricated two such structures and used femtosecond laser pulses to drill micro-holes on the HCF walls of both structures. One of the structures is directly used to measure air pressure, achieving a sensitivity of up to 2.857 nm/MPa while being almost insensitive to temperature. This structure is capable of assessing pressure down to 3.4 kPa within the range of 0–0.5 MPa. Another structure is filled with thermally sensitive material dimethyl silicone oil through a micro-hole, and then, it is sealed with AB adhesive to form a harmonic Vernier effect temperature sensor, with a sensitivity of up to −5.16 nm/°C. This structure is capable of assessing temperature down to 0.38 °C within the range of 30–60 °C. Additionally, the sensors have good repeatability and stability and compact structure and simple manufacturing and can be used as a sensing probe for monitoring gas pressure and temperature under extreme environments.
Novel molecular resources for single-specimen barcoding of enigmatic crustacean y-larvae
Authors: Dreyer Niklas , Olesen Jørgen , Grygier Mark J. , Eibye-Jacobsen Danny , Savchenko Alexandra S. , Fujita Yoshihisa , Kolbasov Gregory A. , Machida Ryuji J. , Chan Benny K. K. , Palero Ferran 
Published: March 2024

Despite discovery more than 100 years ago and documented global occurrence from shallow waters to the deep sea, the life cycle of the enigmatic crustacean y-larvae isincompletely understood and adult forms remain unknown. To date, only 2 of the 17 formally described species, all based on larval stages, have been investigated using an integrative taxonomic approach. This approach provided descriptions of the morphology of the naupliar and cyprid stages, and made use of exuvial voucher material and DNA barcodes. To improve our knowledge about the evolutionary history and ecological importance of y-larvae, we developed a novel protocol that maximises the amount of morpho-ecological and molecular data that can be harvested from single larval specimens. This includes single-specimen DNA barcoding and daily imaging of y-nauplii reared in culture dishes, mounting of the last naupliar exuviae on a slide as a reference voucher, live imaging of the y-cyprid instar that follows, and fixation, DNA extraction, amplification and sequencing of the y-cyprid specimen. Through development and testing of a suite of new primers for both nuclear and mitochondrial protein-coding and ribosomal genes, we showcase how new sequence data can be used to estimate the phylogeny of Facetotecta. We expect that our novel procedure will help to unravel the complex systematics of y-larvae and show how these fascinating larval forms have evolved. Moreover, we posit that our protocols should work on larval specimens from a diverse array of moulting marine invertebrate taxa.
From Barack Obama to Donald Trump
Authors: Lin Jennifer 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Do Democrats and Republicans appeal to different sets of moral foundations in their national convention speeches?
Do they make efforts to frame their messages so that it is attractive to their base and moderate voters? This study examines the
moral appeals that political elites use to communicate to their supporters. I analyze speeches starting from the 2008 to the 2020
Republican and Democrat National Conventions to see if there are differences in appeals to Harm, Fairness, Ingroup, Authority and
Purity, which are tenets of the Moral Foundations Theory. I find that Republicans are more likely to appeal to Authority, and in
2020, Purity, while Democrats appeal mostly to Harm. Using qualitative content analyses, we see that both parties apply the moral
language favored by the other side in their convention speeches on top of making appeals to moral foundations that are favored by
their own base.
Eye-voice and finger-voice spans in adults’ oral reading of connected texts*
Authors: Nadalini Andrea , Marzi Claudia , Ferro Marcello , Taxitari Loukia , Lento Alessandro , Crepaldi Davide , Pirrelli Vito 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The present paper investigates the interaction between eye movements, voice articulation and the movements of the
index finger dynamically pointing to a text line in oral finger-point reading of Italian. During finger-point
reading, the finger appears to be ahead of the voice most of the times, by a margin that is significantly modulated by the
distribution of phrasal and prosodic units in the reading text. Eye movements replicate the same effects on a different time
scale. The eye is ahead of both voice and finger by a wide margin (confirming evidence observed for English and German sentence
reading), while showing a tendency to re-synchronise with voice articulation at the right edge of strong prosodic units (sentence
boundaries). Our evidence suggests a multicomponent view of the time span between the eye/finger and the voice. The span is shown
to be the dynamic outcome of an optimally adaptive reading strategy, resulting from the interaction between
individual decoding skills, the reader’s phonological buffer capacity, and the structural complexity of a reading text. Proficient
readers modulate their span to compensate for the different timing between word fixation and word articulation, read faster, and
dynamically adjust their processing window to the meaningful, prosodic units of a text.
Excitation and recombination studies with silicon and sulphur ions at an EBIT
Authors: Orban I , Mahmood S , Fritjof T , Lindroth E , Dong C Z , Rui J l , Xie L Y , Schuch R 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Measurements of electron-impact excitation and recombination rate coefficients of highly charged Si and S ions at the Stockholm electron beam ion trap are reported. The experimental method was a combination of photon detection from the trapped ions during probing and subsequently extraction and time-of-flight (TOF) charge analysis of these ions. The TOF technique allows to measure recombination rate coefficients separately for every charge state, and together with the photon spectra of these ions also the excitation rate coefficients. In this paper, we present more details of the experimental procedure and summarize the experimental results in comparison with two different state-of-the-art calculations of recombination and excitation rates for Si10+–Si13+ and S12+–S15+ ions. One of these uses a relativistic configuration interaction approach (flexible atomic code) and the other is a relativistic many-body perturbation theory. A good to excellent agreement with both of them is found in energy and resonance strength for the investigated ions.
Mass spectrometric study of fast heavy-ion induced products on microdroplet surfaces
Authors: Kitajima Kensei , Majima Takuya , Tsuchida Hidetsugu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Fast heavy-ion collisions with molecules that constitute a liquid are fundamental to the field of radiation chemistry and its application to biology. However, although collision-induced physical and chemical processes in liquids have been extensively studied, the initial stages of such processes remain not fully understood because of their complex behaviors. Accordingly, our group has studied the initial reactions occurring in the vicinity of fast-ion trajectories in liquids by mass spectrometric analysis of the secondary ions ejected from microdroplet surfaces upon fast heavy-ion impacts. In this topical review, we present our recent experimental advances in secondary-ion mass spectrometry using microdroplets of water, alcohols, and amino acid solutions. Our findings demonstrate the complex physicochemical behaviors of positive and negative product ions and highlight the role of secondary electrons in the mechanisms of biomolecular damage triggered by fast heavy ions.
Enhanced positron acceleration driven by femto-second laser pulses irradiating structured targets
Authors: Chintalwad S , Krishnamurthy S , Ghosh S , Ridgers C P , Ramakrishna B 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We have proposed a compact scheme for generating high-density and high-energy positrons by irradiating different shaped targets with an ultra-intense laser pulse, using 2D particle-in-cell simulations and numerical analysis. Our simulations show that the Breit–Wheeler process dominates positron production during laser-target interaction when a laser with an intensity of

4
×

10

23

W

cm

−
2

is used. We obtain a positron beam with an energy of 2.5 GeV and a total number exceeding 109, which is an improvement by two orders of magnitude compared to previous work with the same laser intensity. By using different shaped targets, we are able to generate a high-energy positron beam with low divergence. The yield of positron pairs depends on both the target and the laser parameters, and we have investigated how the shape of the target can enhance pair production and reduce divergence. Both of our analytical and simulation results demonstrate that this high-flux and low-divergence positron beam has direct applications in the field of medical and astro-physics that can be explored in the upcoming high intensity laser facilities.
Lateral semiconductor magnonics: an array of GaAs stripes atop the YIG layer
Authors: Martyshkin A A , Bublikov K , Beginin E N , Sadovnikov A V 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate the numerical and experimental research of the spin-wave transport in a structure composed of a gallium arsenide (GaAs) stripe lattice interfaced to an yttrium iron garnet layer. We show that this structure can be considered as an array of an infinite number of laterally coupled ferrite-semiconductor waveguides. We show that the surface wave properties for colinear propagation along the semiconductor stripes are similar to the waves in magnetic films with partial metallization. In addition, the properties of these surface waves depend on the electron concentration of the GaAs and thus may be tuned. With regard to the wave propagation at a certain angle to the GaAs stripe lattice, the Bragg resonance forms and the corresponding band gap depend on the angle between the wave to the stripes and on the GaAs electron density. The Brillouin light scattering technique was used to experimentally observe the spin-wave beam transformation, and microwave measurements support the numerical data and reveal the mechanism of the dip formation and widening of the frequency range in the spin-wave transmission. The proposed structure could be used as a reconfigurable metasurface and magnonic beam separation unit.
High-quality germanium growth on (111)-faceted V-groove silicon by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Mtunzi Makhayeni , Jia Hui , Hou Yaonan , Yu Xueying , Zeng Haotian , Yang Junjie , Yan Xingzhao , Skandalos Ilias , Deng Huiwen , Park Jae-Seong , Li Wei , Li Ang , El Hajraoui Khalil , Ramasse Quentin , Gardes Frederic , Tang Mingchu , Chen Siming , Seeds Alwyn , Liu Huiyun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
High-quality and low-defect-density germanium (Ge) buffer layers on silicon (Si) substrates have long been developed for group IV and III–V devices by suppressing defect propagation during epitaxial growth. This is a crucial step for the development of highly efficient photonic devices on Si substrates. Patterned silicon substrates have increasingly been employed for their ability to restrict and hinder the motion of defects. In this work, we demonstrate the effectiveness of an optimised two-step growth recipe structure on a (111)-faceted V-groove silicon substrate with a 350 nm flat ridge. This strategy successfully reduces the threading dislocation (TD) density while growing a 1 μm Ge buffer layer via molecular beam epitaxy. As a result, a high-quality buffer is produced with a low TD density on the order of 107 cm−2 and a surface roughness below 1 nm.
Phase transition mechanism of CsPbI2Br perovskite films induced by moisture
Authors: Liu Yufei , Lin Jianting , Han Qiang , Yang Chenggang , Li Lin , Xiao Jianrong , Yi Rongnan , Liu Xiaoliang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The humidity stability and phase transition mechanism of the all-inorganic perovskite CsPbI2Br based on an optimized dual-source co-evaporation preparation process are investigated at the film interface level. It is found that the CsPbI2Br films annealed at 300 °C for several minutes exhibit a best crystallinity and photoelectric properties. The as-grown CsPbI2Br film is confirmed to be a α phase with a dark brown cubic crystal structure and an average visible transparency of 35.9%. But it will be transformed into its δ phase with a transparent orthorhombic crystal structure and an average visible transparency of 80.3% after a certain amount of moisture exposure. Compared with the α phase film, the electronic structure of the δ phase has also changed significantly with a VBM shift of about 0.32 eV to high binding energy. The results of AR-XPS show that the water molecules in perovskite CsPbI2Br after a moisture exposure only adsorb on the surface rather than penetrate the interior of the lattice. When water molecules adsorb on the lattice surface, halide ions should migrate towards the lattice surface due to their high hydration enthalpy, resulting in halide vacancies within the lattice and causing the reduction of energy barrier for phase transition from α phase to δ phase. So the CsPbI2Br film will transform from its α phase to δ phase induced by water vapor, and this phase transition will be reversed to some extent after another annealing.
The influence of a copper spacer on the magnetic properties of Pd/Co/Cu/Pd multilayers with perpendicular anisotropy
Authors: Acosta H S , Delavechia A , Figueiró B M , Viegas A D C , da Silva R B , Rigue J N , Harres A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The potential for technological applications of systems presenting perpendicular magnetic anisotropy is undeniable. With the advent of spintronics and the possibility to explore spin textures, such as skyrmions, in devices, it becomes fundamental to understand how to finely tune the magnetic properties of nanometric systems. In multilayered thin films, characteristics such as domain structure, saturation magnetization and perpendicular anisotropy may be tailored by modifying the interfaces. In the present study, the impact of a copper spacer of varying thickness on the magnetic properties of Pd/Co/Cu/Pd multilayers is investigated. The evolution of magnetization curves, domain patterns and magnetization reversal processes in terms of the spacers thickness are analyzed.
Comparative analysis of methane conversion: pyrolysis, dry and steam thermal plasma reforming
Authors: Essiptchouk Alexei , Miranda Felipe , Petraconi Gilberto 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Methane reforming is gaining attention because of its potential to be converted into energy-dense fuels or high-value chemicals. In addition to the production of syngas (H2+CO), the utilization of CO2 can help reduce greenhouse gases. Water steam is typically used to increase the output of H2. This study evaluated the potential of thermal plasma technology to produce clean hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon black from methane by applying a thermodynamic equilibrium model. A comparative analysis of three cases of methane processing (pyrolysis, dry reforming, and steam reforming) is presented to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential of thermal plasma technology for methane conversion.
Chirality-selective topological magnon phase transition induced by interplay of anisotropic exchange interactions in honeycomb ferromagnet
Authors: Ni Jin-Yu , Zheng Xia-Ming , Wei Peng-Tao , Liu Da-Yong , Zou Liang-Jian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A variety of distinct anisotropic exchange interactions commonly exist in one magnetic material due to complex crystal, magnetic and orbital symmetries. Here we investigate the effects of multiple anisotropic exchange interactions on topological magnon in a honeycomb ferromagnet, and find a chirality-selective topological magnon phase transition induced by a complicated interplay of Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya interaction and pseudo-dipolar interaction, accompanied by the bulk gap close and reopen with chiral inversion. Moreover, this novel topological phase transition involves band inversion at high symmetry points K and K′, which can be regarded as a pseudo-orbital reversal, i.e. magnon valley degree of freedom, implying a new manipulation corresponding to a sign change of the magnon thermal Hall conductivity. Indeed, it can be realized in 4d or 5d correlated materials with both spin–orbit coupling and orbital localized states, such as iridates and ruthenates, etc. This novel regulation may have potential applications on magnon devices and topological magnonics.
ODDformer: odd–even de-stationary and decomposition techniques transformer for aircraft engine remaining useful life prediction
Authors: Yi Shuang , Han Xiaodong , Liang Binbin , Huang Guoxin , Li Wei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the aerospace industry, accurately predicting the remaining useful life (RUL) of aircraft engines is critical to reduce maintenance costs and increase safety. Existing RUL prediction algorithms fail to account for global temporal factors, overlook the non-stationary nature of monitored data, and neglect critical trends and seasonal characteristics. These factors directly affect the sensitivity of the forecast model to changes in the system state. In light of this, this study introduces an innovative end-to-end deep learning model, called odd–even de-stationary and decomposition transformer (ODDformer), specifically designed for accurate RUL prediction. By incorporating global time embedding, our model demonstrates improved temporal awareness. We propose an innovative odd–even sequence normalization technique, enhancing data stability. Our method incorporates advanced odd–even de-stationary attention to capture crucial dynamic features, deepening model understanding of data evolution. Simultaneously, our channel-independent series decomposition modules extract reliable trend and seasonal features for each sensor. Finally, the two feature sets are fused to obtain the final prediction results. Experimental results on the N-CMPASS dataset demonstrate a 50.89% reduction in RMSE for ODDformer compared to the baseline and a 59.08% reduction for Score. Ablation experiments have validated the efficacy of these components. Our findings offer promising potential for improving tasks like fault diagnosis and anomaly detection in prognostics and health management.
An improved tracking method for bearing characteristic frequencies in the time-frequency representation of vibration signal
Authors: Chen Bin , Qi Chang , Yun Zexuan , Wang Hongyu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Rolling bearing is one of the most critical components for support and energy conversion in machines. The fault characteristic frequency (FCF) of time–frequency representation has received increasing attention in bearing diagnosis under variable speed conditions. However, FCF-extracted methods have poor adaptability to amplitude attenuation and noise interference due to local distortions or even transitions in the estimated instantaneous frequency ridges. Consequently, this paper proposes an improved FCF tracking method for variable speed bearing diagnosis. A strategy for locating distortion intervals is first developed using exponential smoothing and residual distribution. Subsequently, an advanced fast path optimization method, including peak map renewal and curve search optimization, is proposed to extract the ridges of interest. Finally, the probability density function of curve-to-curve ratios is designed to accurately identifying bearing faults. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Frequency-modulated continuous-wave laser interferometry measurement method based on cross-correlation
Authors: Zhang Dengpan , Yan Mengchao , Li Gaochao , Wang Yongjie , Li Fang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) laser interferometry technology holds significant potential for applications in the fields of ultraprecision manufacturing and high-precision sensing. This paper proposes a novel approach among current phase demodulation methods is based on cross-correlation to address the challenge of this technology. On the basis of nonlinear correction of a distributed feedback laser, the intercepted beat frequency signal was first preprocessed with Z-score signal normalization and a smoothing filter. Subsequently, the interference beat signal was subjected to processing using a correlation method to derive the correlation function. Finally, the phase difference between adjacent beat signals was determined by pinpointing the maximum value of the cross-correlation function, enabling accurate displacement demodulation. Experimental validation was performed by constructing an FMCW laser interferometric displacement measurement system. The results indicated that the standard deviation of the displacement error for the cross-correlation method was 2.41 nm during static measurements. Compared to conventional maximum-point method, the static measurement error of the cross-correlation method has been reduced by 1.43 times. In dynamic measurements in the 500 μm range, The measurement error of the cross-correlation method has been reduced by 6.04 times, avoiding the dynamic measurement positioning problem of conventional feature point demodulation methods and making the measurement results more accurate. This advancement holds substantial practical value in the realm of phase demodulation in laser interferometry.