bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION OF PENICILLIUM MARNEFFEI BY MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY
Authors: ARRESE ESTRADA JORGE , STYNEN DIRK , VAN CUTSEM JAN , PIÉRARD‐FRANCHIMONT CLAUDINE , PIÉRARD GERALD E. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe present an experimental study on the immunohistochemical identification of Penicillium marneffei in paraffin‐embedded, formalin‐fixed tissue. The monoclonal antibody EB‐A1 detects a specific galactomannan that appears to have at least one epitope identical in P. marneffei and Aspergillus sp. This immunohistochemical approach could be useful in the diagnosis of a rare disease, penicilliosis marneffei, which proves to be difficult to identify by conventional microscopy.
HAIR FOLLICLE NEVUS
Authors: HO CHOI EUNG , KU AHN SUNG , HUN LEE SEUNG , BANG DONGSIK 
Published: May 2007

AbstractFour cases of hair follicle nevi are described. Hair follicle nevus is an extremely rare hamartoma occurring on the face, which has had no clear histopathologic definition until now. A short review of the clinicopathologic features of this disease is presented.
ACUTE ADULT T‐CELL LEUKEMIA/LYMPHOMA PRESENTING WITH FLORID CUTANEOUS DISEASE
Authors: WRIGHT STEPHANIE A. , JILL ROTHE MARTI , SPORN JONATHAN , VAN VOORHEES ABBY S. , GRANT‐KELS JANE M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAdult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (atll) is characterized by cutaneous disease, hypercalcemia, associated htlv‐i infection, and a fulminant course refractory to therapy. A patient with acute atll is described, and the natural history of atll is reviewed.
TREATMENT OF PYODERMA GANGRENOSUM WITH CLOFAZIMINE
Authors: KAPLAN BARUCH , TRAU HENRY , SOFER EHUD , FEINSTEIN ABRAHAM , SCHEWACH‐MILLET MIRIAN 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe report a case of pyoderma gangrenosum in a 80‐year‐old woman suffering from ulcerative colitis and treated with clofazimine. Significant improvement was evident within 5 days following commencement of therapy, complete healing occurred after only 4 weeks of treatment.
“TWO‐STEP” PEMPHIGUS INDUCTION BY ACE‐INHIBITORS
Authors: RUOCCO VINCENZO , SATRIANO ROCCO A. , GUERRERA VINCENZO 
Published: May 2007

AbstractPemphigus lesions appeared in a 58‐year‐old man who was talking captopril for his hypertension. Drug withdrawal resulted in complete remission of the eruption. The subsequent use of enalapril as an antihypertensive agent caused a recurrence of pemphigus lesions along with onset of itching and dermographism. Intercellular antibodies were not found. Discontinuance of enalapril therapy had no effect on the clinical course. Steroid treatment was needed to resolve the eruption. Recently repeated immunofluorescent studies disclosed intercellular IgG antibodies in the serum at a low titer. Pemphigus induction could be initially related to the thiol acantholytic property of captopril. Subsequent production of intercellular antibodies and drug‐activation of the kinin system could be responsible for relapsing.
BULLOUS DISEASES IN MALAYSIA: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY
Authors: ADAM BASHEER A. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe characteristics of three primary bullous diseases, pemphigus, pemphigoid, and dermatitis herpetiformis, seen in this country, probably reflecting this region, are discussed and compared to those reported in the literature in the West. One hundred and forty‐eight patients with bullous diseases were seen over a period of 15 years. The criteria for confirmation of clinical diagnosis were the findings of the direct immunofluorescent test. Pemphigus vulgaris was the commonest bullous disease. The incidence of bullous pemphigoid was highest in the Indians of Malaysian origin, and they are also more likely to develop pemphigus vulgaris than any other ethnic group. Linear IgA type formed the entire group of dermatitis herpetiformis. The granular type was not seen at all. The patients were treated with prednisolone alone or together with methotrexate or aza‐thioprine. Dapsone alone controlled the dermatitis herpetiformis. The known association between pemphigus and other diseases with immunologic disturbances was not found in this study. The natural history of the bullous disease as seen in the followup patients is described. Deaths in pemphigus and pemphigoid were more due to either complications of steroid therapy or unassociated diseases than the primary disease itself. Introduction of immunofluorescence as a diagnostic tool in pemphigus’ and extension of this facility to other bullous diseases has led to detailed characterization of these diseases as seen in the West; however, publications in English dealing with epidemiologic aspects of bullous diseases in this region are rare. The three primary bullous diseases, pemphigus vulgaris, bul‐lous pemphigoid, and dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), as seen in Malaysia, probably reflecting the pattern of disease in this region, will be discussed and features peculiar to this region will be highlighted.
KERATITIS, ICHTHYOSIS, AND DEAFNESS (KID) SYNDROME: MANAGEMENT WITH CHRONIC ORAL KETOCONAZOLE THERAPY
Authors: HAZEN PAUL G. , WALKER ALLEN E. , STEWART JOHN J. , CARNEY JAMES F. , ENGSTROM CONLEY W. , TURGEON KAREN LARSON 
Published: May 2007

AbstractExtensive cutaneous mycoses have been described in patients with the keratitis, ichthyosis, and deafness (KID) syndrome. We present a case occurring in a 48‐year‐old woman where improvement in the ichthyosiform dermatosis, stabilization of her ocular disease, and apparent partial prevention of further cutaneous malignancies occurred in association with ketoconazole therapy.
HORMONAL STATUS IN POSTMENOPAUSAL ANDROGENETIC ALOPECIA
Authors: GEORGALA S. , GOURGIOTOU K. , KASSOULI S. , STRATIGOS J.D. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe development of androgenetic alopecia is thought to be caused by increased androgen action on hair follicles with menopause. Testosterone, estradiol and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) serum levels were determined in ten postmenopausal women with androgenetic alopecia and in ten sex and age matched healthy controls. No statistically significant differences were found in the hormone levels between the patients and the controls. These findings suggest that a genetically determined functional alteration of androgen receptors and/or a metabolic disturbance may exist in the hair follicle keratinocytes in androgenetic alopecia.
TINEA VERSICOLOR: HISTOLOGIC AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION OF PIGMENTARY CHANGES
Authors: GALADARI IBRAHIM , EL KOMY MEDHAT , MOUSA AHMED , HASHIMOTO KEN , MEHREGAN AMIR H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA comparative histopathologic study is made between the hypopigmented and hyperpigmented skin lesions of pityriasis versicolor and normal skin areas utilizing histochemical stains and electron microscopy. There were no differences found between the population of Dopa‐positive melanocytes within the hypopigmented and hyperpigmented lesions and the normal skin areas. The total epidermal pigmentation was diminished in hypopigmented lesions. The keratin layer was found to be significantly thicker in hyperpigmented lesions and contained more organisms. In hypopigmented lesions, melanocytes contained fewer and smaller melanosomes and exhibited signs of degenerative cellular changes.
CUTANEOUS LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS IN INDIA: IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE PROFILE
Authors: GEORGE RENU , MATHAI RACHEL , KURIAN SUSY 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe clinical profile and cutaneous lesions of 65 patients with lupus erythematosus (LE) are described. This included 28 discoid LE (13 disseminated, 15 localized), five subacute cutaneous LE, and 32 systemic LE. The need to recognize a pigmented macular form constituting 25% of discoid LE is emphasized. Increased incidence of involvement of the lower lip in discoid LE and pigmentation in systemic LE is noted. Lupus band test was found to be highly sensitive; it was positive for lesional skin of all untreated patients with subacute cutaneous LE and systemic LE, it was, however, not useful on nonlesional skin.
ACUTE CUTANEOUS GRAFT VERSUS HOST DISEASE: A CLINICOPATHOLOGIC AND IMMUNOPHENOTYPIC STUDY
Authors: RAY CHAUDHURI SIBA P. , SMOLLER BRUCE R. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAcute graft versus host disease (GVHD) is a major complication of bone marrow transplantation. This study was undertaken to characterize the histopathologic alterations in early lesions of GVHD and to improve our understanding about the disease process. Histopathologic and immunoperoxidase studies of skin tissue were carried out in 20 patients of GVHD. Sixty percent had grade II histopathologic changes in the skin, grade I and III changes were observed in 35% and 5% respectively. Follicular involvement could be observed in all cases beyond grade I. Immunoperoxidase study revealed 0PD4 (+) (T‐helper) cells in dermis and 0PD4 (−) (probably cytotoxic/suppressor) cells in epidermis.
NONSEGMENTAL VITILIGO: DECREASE OF THE CD45RA+ T‐CELL SUBSET AND EVIDENCE EOR PERIPHERAL T‐CELL ACTIVATION
Authors: ABDEL‐NASER M. BADAWY , LUDWIG WOLF‐DIETER , GOLLNICK HARALD , ORFANOS CONSTANTIN E. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractPeripheral T‐lymphocytes from 16 randomly selected patients with nonsegmental vitiligo were labeled with monoclonal antibodies recognizing T‐cell receptor (TCR) α/β, TCR γ/δ, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD45RA, CD45RO, CD11b, CD11C, CD16, CD56, CD25, CD54, and HLA‐DR antigens. In comparison with matched controls, a significant decrease of the CD45RA+ subset (P < 0.03) together with significant increase of the circulating HLA‐DR‐I‐ cells (P< 0.02) was found. No other alterations were detected. These findings may point to some autoimmune phenomena involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. The increased HLA‐DR expression indicates the presence of activated peripheral T‐cells. Thus, our data provide new and further evidence for T‐cell dysregulation in nonsegmental vitiligo.
REACTION IN LEPROSY: ACUTE PHASE REACTANT RESPONSE DURING AND AFTER REMISSION
Authors: SEHGAL VIRENDRA N. , BHATTACHARYA SAMBIT N. , SHAH YASHODHARA , SHARMA VINAY K. , GUPTA CHANDER K. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractSera from 25 patients with type 1 (Lepra), upgrading and downgrading, and type 2 (erythema nodosum leprosum [ENL]) reactions were assayed, during the reaction and after its clinical remission, for changes in levels of alpha‐1–antitrypsin (AIA) and C‐reactive protein (CRP). The results were compared with those from normal healthy adults and patients of leprosy without history and/or clinical evidence of reaction. The AIA levels correlated better with changes in status of type 1 reaction; whereas CRP levels correlated well with alterations in type 2 reactions and were definitely superior to AIA in this situation for monitoring the course of these episodes.
CUTANEOUS MYIASIS: A SIMPLE AND EFFECTIVE TECHNIQUE FOR EXTRACTION OF DERMATOBIA HOMINIS LARVAE
Authors: LOONG PHILIP T. LI , LUI HARVEY , BUCK H. WILLIAM 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe describe two patients with cutaneous myiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis. Three larvae were removed successfully by a simple technique that involved the injection of each larva with 2 mL of lidocaine, making surgical extraction by incision and exploration unnecessary.
ANIMAL MODELS FOR TESTING TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROID POTENCY: A REVIEW AND SOME SUGGESTED NEW APPROACHES
Authors: PENNEYS NEAL S. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAnimal models allow for testing the potency of topical corticosteroids by measuring their effects on induced conditions that are analogous to human skin disease. Animal models can examine the anti‐inflammatory, anti‐allergic, antiproliferative, and atrophogenic effects of topical corticosteroids. These test models as they are currently applied are relatively imprecise; however, innovations using newly available histologic, autoradiographic, and biochemical techniques have great potential for precisely quantitating the effects of corticosteroids in animal model systems.
THE VASOCONSTRICTOR ASSAY IN BIOEQUIVALENCE TESTING: PRACTICAL CONCERNS AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
Authors: STOUGHTON RICHARD B 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe vasoconstrictor assay, when properly performed, is a highly reliable method to determine bioequivalence of generic formulations. Recent research has resolved some of the remaining questions concerning the practical application of the assay. Significant vehicle‐related differences have been observed between the potency of different, supposedly equivalent formulations now on the market. Large differences in concentrations of the active agent in similar vehicles usually have not resulted in corresponding differences in vasoconstrictor assay results. Finally, the time course of drug effects may differ among highly potent and less potent corticosteroids. In general, the higher the potency of the topical corticosteroid, the earlier the maximal effect is observed. This finding suggests that short application of highly potent agents might minimize systemic absorption without sacrificing efficacy.
BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDIES OF TOPICAL PREPARATIONS: STATISTICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Authors: HAUCK WALTER W. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractTo be approved for marketing, a potential generic pharmaceutical product must demonstrate bioequivalence, that is, a rate and extent of absorption similar to those of the currently marketed (“innovator”) product. For oral products, design and statistical analysis for studies conducted to determine whether two products are bioequivalent have become reasonably standardized; the design is crossover, and analysis is based on the two one‐sided tests principle. The purpose of this overview is to consider whether the practices for oral products apply to topical products, and where different procedures may be required. The principles behind the practices for oral products are seen, largely, to carry over to topical products.
CLINICAL TRIALS OF TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROIDS IN PSORIASIS: CORRELATIONS WITH THE VASOCONSTRICTOR ASSAY
Authors: CORNELL ROGER C 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIt would be desirable to develop an alternative system to clinical studies to evaluate the potency of generic topical corticosteroids and of new formulations of existing innovator corticosteroids. The vasoconstrictor assay is a reliable method for testing potency; however, its results do not always agree with clinical studies. Psoriasis offers an ideal clinical model to evaluate corticoid potency because the ability to perform within‐patient comparisons of the treatment of bilateral lesions permits meaningful comparisons with a relatively small sample size. The results of bilateral comparisons in psoriasis agreed with those of the vasoconstrictor assay in 20 of 23 comparisons of active agents and in numerous comparisons of active corticosteroids with a placebo. Eczematous dermatoses do not lend themselves well to bilateral paired comparison studies and therefore require parallel treatment studies with relatively large sample sizes to produce statistically significant comparisons.
TREATMENT OF FEMALE ANDROGENETIC ALOPECIA WITH MINOXIDIL 2%
Authors: WHITING DAVID A. , JACOBSON COLEMAN 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe safety and efficacy of minoxidil 2% for the treatment of female androgenetic alopecia was assessed in a 32‐week double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial. Thirty‐three women aged 22 to 44 years with hair loss classified as Ludwig's grade I or II were enrolled, and 28 completed the trial. Before the administration of treatment, mean nonvellus hair counts were taken within a 1‐cm2 target area of the scalp. For the 15 patients in the minoxidil group, the mean count was 169 hairs compared with 161 hairs for the 13 patients in the placebo group. At the completion of the trial, the patients treated with minoxidil 2% had a mean nonvellus hair count of 195 hairs versus a mean hair count of 177 for patients in the placebo group; 60% (9) of the patients in the minoxidil group showed minimal to moderate hair growth compared with 46% (6) of the patients in the placebo group. No serious side effects were encountered during this study, nor any significant changes in safety parameters. There were no drop‐outs due to medical events related to minoxidil 2%.
TINEA CAPITIS IN SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: VENUGOPAL PANKAJALAKSHMI V. , VENUGOPAL TARALAKSHMI V. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Tinea capitis is a dermatophyte infection of the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelashes caused by species of Microsporum and Trichophyton. The purpose of this study was to discover the incidence and causal agents of tinea capitis in Saudi Arabia. Methods. Hair roots, skin scrapings, and pus swabs were collected from patients clincially diagnosed with tinea capitis and were processed for fungus. Results. Of 372 patients with tinea capitis investigated in Saudi Arabia, 240 were found to be positive by direct microscopic examination, and the causal agent was isolated from 237 patients. Tinea capitis accounted for 47.7% of all superficial mycoses, and 97% of it occurred in children below 15 years of age. Inflammatory lesions were found in 35% of cases, and 10 of them presented with kerion celsi. Favus‐type lesion was found in one. Microsporum canis was the most common etiologic agent, responsible for 82.3% of the infections. Trichophyton violaceum was the next most common agent (13.9%), followed by M. audouini (2.2%); T. mertagrophytes, T. rubrum, T. verrucosum, and T. simii were isolated from one patient each. This is the first report of T. simii infection in a Saudi man. Conclusions. Although none of the patients owned pets, the predominance of M. canis may be explained by the large number of cats in the neighborhood. The disappearance of favus due to T. schoenleinii may be due to improved socio‐economic conditions. Our results agreed with two previous reports.
DETECTION OF EARLY LESIONS OF “UNGUAL” MALIGNANT MELANOMA
Authors: ISHIHARA YOKO , MATSUMOTO KAZUHIKO , KAWACHI SHIGEO , SAIDA TOSHIAKI 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. The nail area is commonly affected by malignant melanoma. The prognosis of malignant melanoma of the nail is poor, becuase at the time of diagnosis most lesions are in the advanced stage. Correct diagnosis of early lesions could improve the prognosis. Methods. For 3 years, all patients with nail pigmentation at the dermatology clinic were screened for five specific criteria for the diagnosis of early lesions of malignant melanoma. Histologic examination was performed on 10 of 29 lesions. Results. Five of the 29 lesions were advanced malignant melanoma, easily diagnosed clinically. Two of the remaining 24 lesions fulfilled most of our clinical criteria of early malignant melanoma of the nail apparatus; that is, they appeared as melanonychia striata during adulthood, were wide in breadth measuring 9 and 11 mm, and showed variegated shades of brown. Periungual pigmented macule (Hutchinson's sign) was observed in one of the two cases. Total resection of the lesions was performed, followed by skin grafting. Conclusions. Histologically, an increased number of atypical melanocytes, mainly arranged as solitary units, were observed only in the epithelia of the nail matrix and of the nail‐bed, confirming that these lesions were “ungual” malignant melanoma in situ. Such an early lesion of malignant melanoma of the nail apparatus can be completely cured with conservative excision, and the phalanx of the affected digit can be preserved.
MOLDS IN ONYCHOMYCOSIS
Authors: RAMANI RAMA , SRINIVAS C.R. , RAMANI ANANTHAKRISHNAN , KUMARI T. GIRIJA RATNA , SHIVANANDA P.G. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Onychomycosis is a major cause of nail dystrophy. The causative organisms in onychomycosis are dermatophytes, Candida and molds. A variety of molds have been isolated from nails. Methods: Nail scrapings and clippings were collected from 100 cases and inoculated on slants containing SDA with cycloheximide 0.5 mg/mL, chloramphenicol 0.05 mg/mL, and SDA with chloramphenicol 0.05 mg/mL. Results: The culture positivity rate for molds was 22%. The predominant mold isolates were Aspergillus species (86.4%, Fusarium oxysporum (4.5%), Curvularia species (4.5%) and Penicillium species (4.5%). Conclusion: Primary invasion of nails by molds can cause onychomycosis.
PHYSICALLY INDUCED PEMPHIGUS AFTER COSMETIC PROCEDURES
Authors: KAPLAN RICHARD P. , DETWILER SUSAN P. , SAPERSTEIN HARRY W. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Pemphigus is a vesiculobullous autoimmune disease characterized by acantholysis due to antibodies against epidermal antigens. Case Reports. We report the first two cases of pemphigus in which lesions appeared in areas traumatized by cosmetic procedures. In one case, the patient had a history of pemphigus under excellent control; pemphigus lesions appeared only in her surgical scars 2 months after a reduction mammoplasty and facelift. The other patient presented with an outbreak of pemphigus 4 weeks after a chemical peel. Conclusions. Physical agents including infrared and ionizing radiation as well as ultraviolet light are known triggers of pemphigus. We suggest that cosmetic procedures can initiate pemphigus and that this change must be differentiated from postoperative wound infections and other reasons for poor wound healing.
PRIMARY MERKEL CELL TUMOR: A CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF EIGHT CASES
Authors: MICALI GIUSEPPE , FERRAÚ FRANCESCO , INNOCENZI DANIELE 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. In recent years, an unusual biologic behavior of Merkel cell tumor (mct) has been noted. In some patients, the tumor was indolent and well controlled by therapy, while in others it was lethal in a few months. Even though the majority of the reported cases are between these two biologic extremes, it seems evident that there is a high variability in the clinical course of the tumor. Methods. A clinical analysis of eight cases of primary Merkel cell tumor was performed. All the patients presented with similar clinical features: age, tumor staging, duration of the disease, lack of complicating cutaneous or systemic diseases. On the basis of these common findings, which made this group quite homogeneous, our attempt was to identify other clinical signs that could correlate with the local recurrence and/or the onset of metastases. The outcome of our patients, in fact, was quite variable. Results. The tumor size, the clinical aspect at presentation (single, multiple nodules, or plaque), the histologic pattern (all were of the trabecular type), and immunohistology did not correlate with the outcome. Conclusions. We report the rare occurrence of mct in the perianal area, which suggests that it should be included in the differential diagnosis of perianal tumors, the very aggressive behavior of the tumor in two patients (death < 6 months from diagnosis), which confirms how the prognosis for mct is unpredictable even if the diagnosis is established at an incipient stage and the tumor promptly removed.
TATTOO REMOVAL: TANNIC ACID METHOD OF VARIOT
Authors: van der VELDEN EDDY M. , van der WALLE HENK B. , GROOTE ALEXANDER D. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. There are many methods for tattoo removal (e.g., surgery, cryosurgery, laser, dermabrasion), but none can restore the skin to its original state. Methods. Tattoo removal was obtained with a combination of tattoo machine, tannic acid, and silver nitrate. Results. This technique proved to be effective for the removal of amateur tattoos of any size. The results with professional tattoos were much less satisfactory. The estimation of the depth of pigment in pretreatment biopsies showed no correlation with the success rate of treatment. No indication of systemic side effects on the liver from tannic acid was found in the concentration and amount used in this study. Conclusions. This technique is effective for the removal of amateur tattoos of any size and is comparable with cryotherapy, infrared coagulation, and focal salabrasion.