bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN DAYA TETAS TELUR DAN KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP IKAN PAPUYU (Anabas testudineus Bloch) PADA SISTEM CORONG DENGAN DEBIT ALIRAN BERBEDA
Authors: Ansyari Pahmi , Slamat Slamat 
Published: March 2024

Ikan papuyu merupakan ikan ekonomis penting, sehingga budidayanya sudah cukup berkembang. Masalahnya para pembudidaya sering kekurangan benih ikan papuyu, sehingga perlua adanya usaha peningkatan produksi benih, di mana salah satunya adalah dengan pembenihan sistem corong. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui debit air optimal untuk mendapatkan daya tetas telur dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup larva ikan papuyu yang ditetaskan dengan sistem corong. Desain penelitian adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diterapkan adalah Perlakuan O = tanpa aliran (debit aliran 0 L/menit), A = 0,001 L/detik, B = 0,002 L/detik dan C = 0,003 L/detik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan daya tetas telur pada perlakuan O = 56,33%, A = 76,76; B = 84,40% dan C = 80,34%, sedangkan tingkat kelangsungan hidup larva, perlakuan O = 73,44%, A = 73,22%, B = 74,45% dan C = 79,22%. Daya tetas telur optimal pada debit aliran 0,002 L/detik, sedangkan tingkat kelangsungan hidup optimal pada debit aliran 0,003 L/detik
HUBUNGAN POLA MAKAN TERHADAP IMT DAN DISMINORHEA
Authors: Muzayyaroh  , Suyati  
Published: March 2024

Remaja (mahasisiwi) adalah seseorang yang tumbuh menjadi dewasa dengan kematangan mental, emosional, sosial dan fisik. Remaja putri sangat memperhatikan bentuk citra tubuhnya sehingga seringkali melakukan diet ketat tanpa memperhatikan pola makan yang baik. Dengan fenomena tersebut maka banyak remaja putri yang memiliki berat bandan di bawah normal atau underweight. Pola makan yang buruk juga bisa memepengaruhi Kesehatan reproduksi khususnya saat menstruasi lebih mengalami banyak gangguan seperti Disminorhea atau nyeri hadi.
Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian survey analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pola makan dengan indek massa tubuh (IMT) dan Disminorhe pada mahasiswi D-III Kebidanan FIK Unipdu Jombang. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dengan membagikan lembar informed consent, biodata diri dan membagikan lembar kuesioner tentang pola makan dan disminorhe dengan menggunakan google form. Jenis data yang diambil adalah data primer, kemudian data dianalisa univariat dan bivariat menggunakan perangkat lunak computer dengan program Statistical Produk and Service Solution (SPSS) dan dianalisa dengan Teknik perhitungan statistic Chi Square. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September – November 2023 dengan populasi nya adalah mahasiswi D-III Kebidanan FIK Unipdu Jombang sejumlah 29 orang.
Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah adanya hubungan antara pola makan dengan IMT dan adanya hubungan antara pola makan dengan Disminorhea.
Dari penelitian dapat di simpulkan bahwa masih banyaknya mahasiswi prodi D-III Kebidanan FIK Unipdu yang mempunyai pola makan yang buruk dengan IMT underweight dan mengalami Dismonorhea
MAKNA PENGGUNAAN FIGUR PEREMPUAN DALAM KAIN BATIK KONTEMPORER
Authors: Prabowo Levina , Harsono Kelly , Oktaviani Lutfiah 
Published: March 2024

Batik adalah satu dari banyaknya warisan budaya asli Indonesia yang telah dikenal di kancah dunia, bahkan UNESCO telah menetapkan Batik sebagai Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) atau Warisan Budaya Takbenda. Batik sendiri memiliki beragam jenis dan motifnya masing-masing. Namun sayangnya masih banyak jenis dan motif dari batik yang belum dikenal dan diketahui oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk melakukan penelitian makna penggunaan figur perempuan dalam kain batik kontemporer ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengungkapkan salah satu motif batik, yaitu motif figur perempuan yang divisualisasikan dalam kain batik kontemporer. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa figur perempuan telah menjadi salah satu objek penting dan sumber inspirasi dari pembuatan seni batik. Penggunaan figur perempuan dalam kain batik biasanya berdasarkan cerita atau kisah yang ingin diangkat dalam seni batik tersebut. Figur perempuan dipilih karena merupakan tokoh atau bagian penting dari suatu cerita yang diangkat. Selain itu penggunaan figur perempuan dapat merepresentasikan banyak orang. Sehingga penelitian ini dapat menjadi salah satu bentuk upaya untuk menjaga dan melestarikan warisan budaya batik, yang merupakan budaya Indonesia.
VISUALISASI BATIK PARANG YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Bagu Stevani Precious Vallerie , Tanumihardja Ninna Amadea , Michelle Michelle 
Published: March 2024

Batik Parang merupakan motif batik khas Indonesia yang memiliki sejarah panjang. motif ini menampilkan pola geometris yang terinspirasi dari bentuk pisau Parang yang digunakan dalam tradisi Jawa. Sejarah Batik Parang dimulai pada masa Kerajaan Mataram pada abad ke-8, dimana batik menjadi bagian tak terpisahkan dari budaya Jawa. Motif Parang kemudian berkembang menjadi simbol keberanian dan kekuatan spiritual. Di dalam batik parang terdapat pengaruh perkembangan Hindu-Budha yang mengandung nilai nilai estetika. Batik merupakan identitas Indonesia yang mendapat pengakuan dari berbagai negara diluar Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan sejarah batik parang yang tidak banyak diketahui oleh masyarakat luas. Metode kualitatif dipilih dalam penelitian ini dan didukung dengan studi literatur. Dengan inovasi warna dan teknik desain, batik parang terus menjadi warisan budaya yang berharga. Seiring berjalannya waktu, batik ini tidak hanya dibuat dengan cara tradisional tetapi juga dibuat dengan cara modern. Maka dari itu, batik parang tetap mempunyai arti penting dalam mewujudkan keindahan dan kekayaan budaya Indonesia. Penelitian ini diharapkan bisa memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman kepada masyarakat luas tentang cara-cara baru untuk mengembangkan batik motif parang.
KAJIAN SEMANTIK PENAMAAN KAFE DI WATAMPONE KABUPATEN BONE
Authors: Eva Fajriani  , A. Muh. Taufiq  , Irna Fitriana  
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juli sampai Agustus 2023. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif semantik. Objek penelitian adalah 25 kafe yang terdapat di Watampone Kabupaten Bine. Proses penelitian dilaksanan dengan menggunakan metode wawancara dan dokumentasi. Dari hasil penelitian yang penulis lakukan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa variasi makna pada nama-nama kafe yang terdapat di Watampone yang dibagi kedalam beberapa jenis yakni: (1) makna denotasi (2) makna konotasi, (3) makna grammatikal, dan (4) makna asosiasi yang meliputi. Adapun variasi nama-nama kafe yang terdapat di Watampone yang berdasarkan latar belakang penamaannya yang meliputi: (1) penamaan berdasarkan sifat khas, (2) penyebutan bagian, (3) nama pemilik/pembuat, (4) penamaan baru atau penggantian, (5) tempat asal, dan (6) pemendekan.
Implementasi Strategi Pembelajaran Berorientasi STEM Terhadap Kemampuan Literasi Sains pada Siswa SD
Authors: Listiyana Asmi , Bima Muhammad Zidan Arya , Khusna Nashikhatul , Dewi Pambayun Wardani Candra , Putri Shianindra Rahmani , Yuniarti Yeni , Sukardi Rendi Restiana 
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the effect of the application of STEM-oriented learning on science literacy skills in elementary school students. The research type was quasi-experimental. The population of this study was all students of SD Negeri Mungkid 2. The sample of this study was all grade IV students of SD Negeri Mungkid 2, totaling 16 people. The research sample was obtained through a purposive sampling process. The results of students' science literacy ability data were obtained through pretest and posttest. The data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics 20. Data processing began with normality test, paired simple t test, hypothesis test, and N-gain test. The results showed that the implementation of STEM-oriented learning was proven to affect science literacy skills in elementary school students.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan pembelajaran berorientasi STEM terhadap kemampuan literasi sains pada siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi experimental). Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SD Negeri Mungkid 2. Sampel penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Mungkid 2 yang berjumlah 16 orang. Sampel penelitian didapatkan melalui proses purposive sampling. Hasil data kemampuan literasi sains siswa didapat melalui kegiatan pretest dan posttest. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS Statistik 20. Pengolahan data dimulai dengan uji normalitas, uji paired simple t test, uji hipotesis, dan uji N-gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pembelajaran berorientasi STEM terbukti berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan literasi sains pada siswa sekolah dasar.
Asymmetric Catalytic [4+3] Cycloaddition Reactions
Authors: Harmata Michael 
Published: November 2006

AbstractAlthough the [4+3] cycloaddition reaction has seen considerable attention over the past 10–15 years, only a few investigations have been dedicated to the development of a catalytic, asymmetric process. This short review covers some of the advances made in the area of absolute stereocontrol in this higher order cycloaddition and will hopefully serve as an inspiration towards the development of asymmetric, catalytic versions of the reaction.
Oxapolycycles from One‐Pot Cross‐Metathesis/Carbonyl Ylide Formation‐Intramolecular Cycloaddition of α‐Diazo‐β‐keto Esters
Authors: Hodgson David M. , Angrish Deepshikha 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemoselective cross‐metathesis of unsaturated α‐diazo‐β‐keto esters using Grubbs’ 2ndgeneration catalyst, followed by Rh2(OAc)4‐catalysed tandem carbonyl ylide formation‐intramolecular cycloaddition is demonstrated. The two different catalytic metallocarbene transfer reactions have also been successfully carried out in a one‐pot procedure, which allows rapid generation of molecular complexity in a single operation.
Construction of Highly‐Functionalized Cyclopentanes from Silyl Enol Ethers and Activated Cyclopropanes by [3+2] Cycloaddition Catalyzed by Triflic Imide
Authors: Takasu Kiyosei , Nagao Satoshi , Ihara Masataka 
Published: November 2006

Abstract[3+2] Cycloadditions of silyl enol ethers with donor‐acceptor (D‐A) cyclopropanes, such as 2‐alkoxycyclopropanecarboxylates and 2‐(p‐methoxyphenyl)cyclopropyl phenyl ketone, proceed in the presence of a catalytic amount of triflic imide (Tf2NH) to give functionalized cyclopentanes in high yield. The catalytic process allows promotion of the cycloaddition of substrates incorporating Lewis basic functions, such as ether and carbamate moieties. Moreover, multicomponent [4+2]‐[3+2]  cascade cycloadditions of α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds, 2‐siloxydienes and D‐A cyclopropanes to form highly‐functionalized bicyclo[4.3.0]nonanes have been demonstrated.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed [4+2+2] Cycloaddition Reaction of Two Enynes or Diynes with One Diene to Give Eight‐Membered Ring Compounds
Authors: Lee Sang Ick , Park Se Yeoun , Chung Young Keun 
Published: November 2006

AbstractA new [Rh(cod)Cl]2/AgX (cod=1,5‐cyclooctadiene)‐catalyzed intermolecular [4+2+2] cycloaddition reaction between two enynes with one diene, and between two diynes and one diene has been developed. This is the first example of a rhodium‐catalyzed trimolecular and three‐component [4+2+2] cycloaddition to form eight‐membered ring compounds. The yield of the reaction was highly dependent upon the counteranion and the reaction medium. The best yields were obtained when the reaction was carried out in toluene with OTf− anions. The regioselectivity was highly dependent upon the substrates. Relatively high regioselectivities were obtained for the cycloaddition of two enynes with one diene. In some cases, only one regioisomer was obtained. However, the regioselectivities for the cycloaddition of two diynes with one diene were rather poor. The use of a syringe pump in the slow addition of reactants slightly enhanced the regioselectivity.
1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions of Carbonyl Ylides to Aldimines: Scope, Limitations and Asymmetric Cycloadditions
Authors: Torssell Staffan , Somfai Peter 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe development of a diastereoselective 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of carbonyl ylides and imines for the synthesis of α‐hydroxy‐β‐amino esters is described. The methodology is successfully applied to chiral α‐methylbenzylimines affording enantiomerically pure syn‐β‐amino alcohols, which is exemplified with a short asymmetric synthesis of the paclitaxel side‐chain. The use of chiral Rh(II) carboxylate catalysts for the development of a catalytic enantioselective 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition is also described, affording syn‐β‐amino alcohols in modest enantiomeric purity (e.r. up to 82:18).
[2+2+2] Cycloaddition Reactions Catalyzed by Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Chopade Pramod R. , Louie Janis 
Published: November 2006

AbstractRecent progress in the synthesis of benzene and 1,3‐cyclohexadiene derivatives, and heterocyclic compounds such as pyridines, pyridones, pyrans, pyrimidine diones, etc, has been reviewed. The general mechanistic aspects of the [2+2+2] cycloaddition reaction are discussed. The asymmetric variants of these reactions are also discussed along with the proposed models of asymmetric induction.
Phosphinite Ligand Effects in Palladium(II)‐Catalysed Cycloisomerisation of 1,6‐Dienes: Bicyclo[3.2.0]heptanyl Diphosphinite (B[3.2.0]DPO) Ligands Exhibit Flexible Bite Angles, an Effect Derived from Conformational Changes (exo‐ or endo‐Envelope) in the Bicyclic Ligand Scaffold
Authors: Fairlamb Ian J. S. , Grant Stephanie , Tommasi Simona , Lynam Jason M. , Bandini Marco , Dong Hao , Lin Zhenyang , Whitwood Adrian C. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChanges in bidentate ligand structure significantly affect catalytic activity in mono‐cationic Pd(II)‐catalysed 1,6‐diene cycloisomerisation processes to give cyclopentene products. A bicyclo[3.2.0]heptanyl diphosphinite ligand (B[3.2.0]DPO, 3) is the first phosphorus‐based bidentate ligand capable of promoting regioselective 1,6‐diene cycloisomerisation. Trace quantities of water are essential for catalytic activity, as is the precise order of mixing of 1,6‐diene, Pd(II) pro‐catalyst and additives. Conformational changes in the ligand backbone seem to be important in stabilising the active catalyst species, assumed to be a cationic Pd(II) hydride species. DFT calculations support a change in bite angle on the cationic Pd(II) hydride species from circa 90° (cis) to 170° (trans); in the latter geometry an agostic interaction of the C4 endo hydrogen of the bicyclic ring‐system with Pd(II) stabilises the cationic metal centre. This unique ligand property could be exploited in other transition metal catalysed processes.
Gold and Platinum Catalysis of Enyne Cycloisomerization
Authors: Zhang Liming , Sun Jianwei , Kozmin Sergey A. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThis account provides a comprehensive overview of the development of gold and platinum catalysis of the enyne cycloisomerization. The use of these soft, alkynophilic metals enables mild, chemoselective and efficient transformations of a variety of readily available acyclic enynes to a wide range of synthetically useful carbocyclic and heterocyclic products. The review is organized according to diverse structural types of enynes that undergo skeletal cycloisomerizations. The account begins with an overview of transformations of primarily 1,6‐enynes to 1‐alkenylcyclopentenes, bicyclo[4.1.0]heptenes, methylenecycloalkenes, bicyclo[4.3.0]nonadienes and bicyclo[3.2.0]heptenes. This section is followed by the discussion of cycloisomerizations of 1,5‐enynes, which enable a rapid access to a range of other cyclic products, including bicyclo[3.1.0]hexenes, cyclohexadienes, heterobicycloalkenes, methylenecyclopentenes, naphthalenes and methyleneindenes. In addition, the [3,3] rearrangement of 1,5‐enynes provides efficient access to the corresponding allenes. The account concludes with an overview of the most recent studies on gold‐ and platinum‐catalyzed cycloisomerizations of 1,4‐ and 1,3‐enynes. Due to the rapidly increasing interest in this area during the past three to five years, we believe that this review provides a timely and comprehensive discussion of the development gold‐ and platinum‐catalyzed cycloisomerization starting from the initial pioneering investigations to the latest advances in the field. A significant emphasis is placed on the mechanistic discussion of the observed manifolds of skeletal reorganizations.
Breakup of a drop in a liquid–liquid pipe flow through an orifice
Authors: Galinat S. , Garrido Torres L. , Masbernat O. , Guiraud P. , Risso F. , Dalmazzone C. , Noik C. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe drop breakup in a heterogeneous turbulent pipe flow developing downstream of an orifice is reported. A two‐phase flow is considered of n‐heptane drops in a water–glycerin solution at three distinct volume concentrations: ϕd = 0 (single‐phase flow), 0.1, and 0.2. The maximum pressure drop across the orifice, ΔPmax, is found to be a linear function of the kinetic energy of the mixture that weakly depends on ϕd. The continuous‐phase velocity field is measured by means of high‐speed particle image velocimetry in an optically homogeneous medium. The turbulence energy level and its spatial distribution are strongly influenced by both the continuous‐phase viscosity and the presence of the dispersed phase. Drop breakup is driven by an inertial mechanism and is observed where the turbulence is the most intense. The breakup probability, the mean number of fragments, and the daughter‐drop Sauter diameter are plotted against the global Weber number based on ΔPmax. For concentrations up to 0.1, breakup statistics are close to those obtained with an isolated drop in a single‐phase flow of water. For ϕd = 0.2, the increase of breakup probability with the Weber number becomes weaker because of the volume reduction of the region of intense turbulence. The evolution of breakup probability with the distance from the orifice indeed shows strong differences between the test cases, arising from modifications in the local structure of the heterogeneous turbulence field. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2007
On the time scale of new world primate diversification
Authors: Schrago Carlos G. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractNew World primates comprise a diverse group of neotropical mammals that suddenly appeared in the Late Oligocene deposits of South America at around 26 million years ago (MYA). Platyrrhines seem to have separated from Old World anthropoids ca. 35 MYA, and their subsequent diversfication is not well documented in the fossil record. Therefore, molecular clock studies were conducted to unveil the temporal scenario for the evolution of the group. In this study, divergence times of all splits within platyrrhines until the generic level were investigated, using two different gene data sets under relaxed molecular clocks. Special attention was paid to the basal diversification of living platyrrhines and to the basal split of the modern Cebidae family, since these nodes were reported to be phylogenetically difficult to resolve. The results showed that analyses from various genomic regions are similar to estimates obtained by early single‐gene studies. Living New World primates are descendants of ancestors that lived in the Early Miocene, at around 20 MYA, and modern Cebidae and Pitheciidae appeared ca. 16.9 and 15.6 MYA, respectively. The last common ancestor of living Atelidae is 12.4 million years old, making this clade the youngest New World primate family; at approximately the same time, modern Callitrichinae was evolving (11.8 MYA). The gap between the Platyrrhini/Catarrhini separation and the last common ancestor of living Platyrrhini may be as big as 20 million years. Paleontological and geoclimatological evidence corroborates that the sudden appearance of modern families may be a consequence of environmental changes during the Miocene. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2007 © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of chewing betel nut on measurements of salivary progesterone and estradiol
Authors: la Mora Alejandra Núñez‐de , Chatterton Robert T. , Mateo Esnar T. , Jesmin Fahmida , Bentley Gillian R. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe measurement of steroids in saliva is both simple and non‐invasive and has been widely used in field and clinical‐based research. The observance of particular cultural practices by some populations, however, may hamper accurate hormonal analyses. The present study evaluated the effects of one such practice—the chewing of betel nut—on the accurate measurement of salivary progesterone and estradiol. A time series experiment was conducted among Bangladeshi women who are regular users of betel nut. Salivary steroids were analyzed by radioimmunoassay in samples collected prior to and then 30, 60, 120, and 240 min following betel quid use. Results show no significant difference between basal steroid levels and those obtained 60, 120, and 240 min after chewing betel nut. We conclude that with specific collection protocols that take into account time since chewing, salivary steroid analyses can be undertaken in populations among whom the practice of chewing betel nut is endemic. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Polyphenolic extracts of Pinus radiata bark and networking mechanisms of additive‐accelerated polycondensates
Authors: Panamgama Lalantha A. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe use of various chemicals for extracting polyphenolic fractions (tannins) from Pinus radiata bark was examined with the aim of obtaining high yields of high‐quality tannins to be used as wood adhesives. Extractions carried out under very highly alkaline conditions (pH > 10.5) gave relatively high yields but also excessive viscosity values even in 30% (w/w) solutions, and this demonstrated their inability to function as wood adhesives. Solutions (30% w/w) of mildly extracted (pH < 8.3) fractions gave workable viscosity values and were used in a subsequent study. A rapid acceleration effect was observed in these fractions when ammonia was used as a catalyst. Solid‐state, cross‐polarization/magic‐angle‐spinning 13C‐NMR of the cured samples showed evidence proving the existence of benzyl amine bridging networks in their hardened state. Simultaneously accelerated copolymerization could be observed in phenol–resorcinol–formaldehyde/P. radiata bark tannin mixtures with the addition of ammonia, as indicated by viscosity measurements. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 2487–2493, 2007
Preparation and recovery of polysulfone affinity membrane with mercapto as chelating group for Hg2+ cations
Authors: Wang Bing , Yang Xinlin , Huang Wenqiang 
Published: November 2006

AbstractHighly qualified homogeneous poly(benzylsulfone) plate affinity membrane with mercapto group (PSF‐SH) was prepared successively through reactions between chloromethyl polysulfone matrix membrane and thiourea, and then alkalic hydrolysis. The mercapto‐functionalized polysulfone affinity membrane was utilized for the adsorption of Hg2+ cations through the coordination of the mercapto group and Hg2+ cations, in which the effects of the morphological and the structure of the affinity membrane on the chelating properties were investigated. The chelating conditions, including concentration of Hg2+, and temperature and pH of the introductory solution had significant influence on the chelating capacity of PSF‐SH affinity membrane. The highest static and dynamic chelating capacity of PSF‐SH plate membrane for Hg2+ cations were 398 and 403 μg/cm2 per membrane, respectively, which demonstrated that the resultant polymer membrane was a highly efficient affinity chromatography for Hg2+. The affinity membrane containing mercapto group can be conveniently recovered by dilute hydrochloric acid for coordination of Hg2+ cations, which would have wide application for the treatment of waste water containing heavy metal cations. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 2514–2522, 2007