bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Отношение природы и благодати в творчестве Карла Ранера
Authors: Вилотич М. 
Published: February 2025

Статья посвящена взглядам известного католического богослова XX в. Карла Ранера на проблему соотношения природы и благодати в контексте антропологии. Поводом для исследования служит диалог естественнонаучных и богословских представлений о человеке. Атеистическая наука говорит о человеке только как о чистой природе. Но может ли богословие в каком-то смысле говорить, что человек существует как чистая природа вне связи с благодатью Божией? В статье обсуждается ответ Ранера на суждения средневековых схоластов по заданному вопросу. Обсуждаются понятия тварной и нетварной благодати, практические вопросы переживания благодати в опыте христианства, а также предложенный Ранером термин «сверхъестественный экзистенциал».
The article is devoted to the views of a well-known Catholic theologian of the 20th century. Karl Rahner on the problem of the relationship between nature and grace in the context of anthropology. The reason for the research is the dialogue of natural science and theological ideas about man. Atheistic science speaks of man only as pure nature. But can theology in any sense say that man exists as pure nature, apart from the grace of God? The article discusses Rahner’s response to the judgments of medieval scholastics on the given question. The concepts of created and uncreated grace, practical issues of experiencing grace in the experience of Christianity, and the term «supernatural existential» proposed by Rahner are discussed.
Menggali Potensi Lokal Melalui Pengolahan Lidi Pelepah Sawit Dalam Upaya Peningkatan Ekonomi Desa Lae Balno
Authors: Sapuan Laila , Bancin Yunisah , Amelia Fathia Rizki , Tarigan Bani Risyanta , Fajri Ridha Al , Sarah Siti , Andilla Fani , Hidayat Muhammad Rahmat 
Published: February 2025

Desa Lae Balno memiliki potensi besar dalam pengelolaan limbah lidi pelepah sawit yang belum tergali secara maksimal. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan limbah tersebut guna mendukung peningkatan ekonomi desa. Melalui strategi yang melibatkan sosialisasi intensif, pelatihan masyarakat, dan pengembangan protokol adaptif, kegiatan ini dirancang untuk memperkuat kapasitas lokal dalam mengelola limbah lidi pelepah sawit. Kerjasama dengan pemangku kepentingan menjadi kunci dalam menciptakan produk berbasis limbah yang inovatif dan bernilai ekonomi. Implementasi program diawali dengan sosialisasi untuk membangun kesadaran bersama antara tim pelaksana dan masyarakat. Kegiatan ini dilanjutkan dengan pelatihan dan praktik pengelolaan limbah yang efektif, serta pengembangan produk yang menjanjikan nilai tambah ekonomi bagi masyarakat Desa Lae Balno. Kegiatan ini berhasil meningkatkan kesadaran dan keterampilan masyarakat dalam mengelola limbah lidi pelepah sawit, serta menciptakan peluang ekonomi baru. Evaluasi menunjukkan adanya peningkatan ekonomi dan perubahan perilaku yang positif terhadap pengelolaan limbah, membuktikan potensi kegiatan serupa untuk diadopsi di wilayah lain.
Penggunaan Gadget untuk meningkatkan Minat Belajar Ilmu Agama Pada Anak di Bulan Ramadhan Di Desa Sikulat Kecamatan Sawang Aceh Selatan
Authors: Saputra Rahmat , Fadriansyah Fadriansyah , Syarifuddin Syarifuddin , Bawazir Fuad , Aprianda Aprianda , Munandar Indra , Redha Muhammad , Dewi Nur , Yuliani Yuliani 
Published: February 2025

Penggunaan gadget dalam proses pembelajaran adalah salah satu dampak positif yang dapat dirasakan oleh anak usia sekolah dasar. Penggunaan gadget yang tepat ialah digunakan untuk kepentingan pendidikan baik di instansi formal maupun non formal. Kegiatan bimbingan belajar dengan penggunaan gadget ini dilakukan pada anak-anak Desa Sikulat Kecamatan Sawang Kabupaten Aceh Selatan dengan tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dampak penggunaan gadget terhadap anak dan pengaruhnya terhadap minat dan tabia’at belajar. Setelah diadakannya kegiatan bimbingan belajar maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan gadget dalam pembelajaran pada anak-anak dapat meningkatkan perkembangan ilmu anak terkait tentang Al-Qur’an dan nilai moral. Selain itu, penggunaan gadget dapat meningkatkan minat dan tabi’at belajar anak-anak di Desa Sikulat Kecamatan Sawang Kabupaten Aceh Selatan.
Hepatitis B Vaccine Awareness and Uptake: Insights from a World Hepatitis Day Community Survey in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Abere Sarah , Oyan Boma , Asonye Samuel 
Published: February 2025

Background: Hepatitis B (HBV) poses a continual Public Health threat globally despite the availability of a safe, and effective vaccine. The HBV vaccine provides a 98-100% immunity thereby preventing complications of the infection such as liver cirrhosis. Despite the wide coverage of HBV vaccine in developed countries, its uptake in Sub-Saharan Africa where the disease burden is high remain abysmal. The aim of this study is to determine the knowledge of Hepatitis B Vaccine, its uptake and barriers to vaccination among the residents of Rivers State.
Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study of 133 participants in a world hepatitis day campaign using personnel administered validated questionnaire. data was analyzed with Microsoft excel software and Think-Cell.
Results: 69% of the 133 participants comprising 47 males and 86 females (with a mean age of 40.34±15.5years) were aware of the HBV vaccine. Strong Predictors of vaccine knowledge were female gender [ 76%(n=65) vs males 57% (n=27)], young adults aged 18-45 and healthcare related occupation (89%). Of the 133 participants, only 5.2% (n=7) have been vaccinated against HBV and only 10% of the Healthcare workers and medical students who are aware of the HBV vaccine have been vaccinated. Barriers to Vaccine uptake in the study are unavailability of the vaccine (42.1%), lack of knowledge of where to get vaccinated (26. %), cost of the vaccine (12.3%) and safety concerns (3.5%). 15.7% of the unvaccinated participants gave no reasons for non-vaccination.
Conclusion: Knowledge of HBV vaccine varies depending on gender, age and occupation. There is a need to improve HBV vaccine awareness and uptake in Rivers State, Nigeria.
Impact of weight loss surgery on valproic acid levels: A case report
Authors: Waters Kristin , Cose Grace , Hurme Chloe , Tewksbury Ashley 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Weight loss surgery has become more common in the United States because of the increasing rates of obesity. The physiological changes caused by weight loss surgery have the potential for clinically significant changes in the pharmacokinetic parameters of mood stabilizers, including valproic acid (VPA). A patient with a history of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and bipolar disorder was hospitalized because of mania. The dosing regimen of the VPA was changed multiple times due to unexpectedly low and inconsistent trough levels. Despite a significant increase in the total daily dose, the final trough level obtained was not significantly different than the initial level. The VPA was changed from the delayed-release to the immediate-release formulation to achieve better absorption. However, no trough level was obtained after this change. Weight loss surgeries, such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, may continue to impact the pharmacokinetic parameters of VPA for several years after the procedure. This patient was titrated to a dose of 39 mg/kg/day (typical range 20-30 mg/kg/day) with minimal change in level. Pharmacokinetic changes are a concern in the use of mood stabilizers, including VPA, after weight loss surgery. Close monitoring is essential for safe and effective treatment. If strict drug level monitoring is not an option, it may be preferable to consider an alternative mood-stabilizing treatment. Switching to the immediate-release formulation of VPA may also be an option; however, further investigation is required to determine if this makes a clinical difference in the management of bipolar disorder.
Child Protection System Interactions for Children With Positive Urine Screens for Illicit Drugs
Authors: Rebbe Rebecca , Malicki Denise , Siddiqi Nadia , Huang Jeannie S. , Putnam-Hornstein Emily , Laub Natalie 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceYoung children are ingesting illicit drugs at increased rates, but it is unknown what the associated child protection system (CPS) responses are when a child tests positive.ObjectiveTo document the child protection system involvement and the characteristics of children who test positive for illicit substances.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cross-sectional study linked medical discharge and child protection system administrative data. The setting was Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, a free-standing pediatric hospital in California. Participants included all emergency department and inpatient medical encounters involving children aged 12 years or younger with a positive urine drug test between 2016 and 2021. Statistical analysis was performed from February 2023 to January 2024.ExposureDrug type, including amphetamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, cannabis, cocaine, fentanyl, opiates, and phencyclidine.Main Measures and OutcomesCPS responses associated with the medical encounter including reports, substantiations, case openings, and out-of-home placements.ResultsA total of 511 emergency department and inpatient medical encounters involving children had a positive drug test (262 [51.3%] were female; 309 [60.5%] were age 6 years or younger; fewer than 10 [&amp;lt;3.0%] were American Indian or Alaska Native; 252 [49.3%] were Hispanic [any race], 20 [3.9%] were non-Hispanic Asian, 56 [11.0%] were non-Hispanic Black, 143 [28.0%] were non-Hispanic White, 36 [7.0%] had other or unknown race and ethnicity; 233 [43.6%] had a CPS report prior to the medical encounter). Following the positive screen, 244 (47.7%) were reported to child protection, and 61 (11.9%) were placed out-of-home within 30 days. Mean (SD) quarterly counts of encounters with positive drug tests doubled after the COVID-19 pandemic onset (32.9 [9.8]) compared with prior to the pandemic onset (16.5 [4.7]); for encounters positive for cannabis, mean (SD) quarterly counts were 3 times as high after the pandemic onset than prior (16.6 [4.7] vs 5.7 [2.9]). Encounters for children under age 1 were significantly more likely to have associated child protection reports (relative risk [RR], 2.91 [95% CI, 2.21-3.83]) and child protection case openings (RR, 1.71 [95% CI, 1.07-2.72]) than encounters involving older children.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of emergency department and inpatient medical encounters, less than half of children with positive urine drug screens were reported to CPS; out-of-home placements were uncommon. With increased encounters for positive drug tests, it is unclear what services these children and families are receiving.
Interface Engineering via Constructing Enhanced Ligand Enables Highly Stable Li‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathode
Authors: Zeng Tao , Yang Maolin , Sun Fuchang , Huang Zhongyuan , Zhao Wenguang , Chen Ziwei , Zou Dongwen , Qiu Jimin , Wang Lu , Wang Rui , Zhang Chaohong , Yang Tingting , Ji Wenhai , Xu Juping , Yin Wen , Li Rui , Meng Hong , Xiao Yinguo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHigh‐energy‐density and cost‐effective lithium‐rich oxides (LRO) are considered as the promising cathode materials for the next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries . Nevertheless, the elevated cut‐off voltage and the complex interface interactions have presented significant challenges that can lead to material degradation. Specifically, the inevitable release of lattice oxygen and the highly reactive interface‐driven irreversible migration of transition metal (TM) ions in LRO make the construction of a robust interface extremely important. Herein, an effective and efficient coating approach is applied to stabilize the interface structure of LRO by introducing a coordination bond between the strong ligand of polyurethane (PU) and the surface of LRO particles. This functional coating stabilizes the crystal field stabilization energies of LRO by acting as a strong ligand in spectrochemistry to form a coordination bond with Mn4+ in Li2MnO3 at high voltage. Consequently, irreversible oxygen release and TM ions migration are greatly inhibited. Overall, the LRO‐PU cathode exhibits superior electrochemical cyclability with a retention of 80.0% at 1C after 300 cycles and enhanced rate capability with a retention of 80.9% at 0.1C after rate cycles, marking a significant step toward commercial implementation.
Highly Efficient Growth of Large‐Sized Uniform Graphene Glass in Air by Scanning Electromagnetic Induction Quenching Method
Authors: Wang Jiahao , Chang Zejun , Lu Mingming , Li Mingli , Gao Xingfa , Xu Jianxun , Zhao Yuliang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe scalable, efficient, and cost‐economic preparation method of graphene is the key to promoting the real applications of graphene. In recent years researchers have made intensive efforts to enhance the synthesis efficiency and reduce the production costs of the manufacturing processes, especially for the chemical vapor deposition methods. However, the efficiency and uniformity are difficult to further improve due to its complicated synthesis conditions. A high‐efficiency synthesis method to provide a large uniform production area suitable for graphene growth remains a great challenge until now. In this work, a facile and scalable ultrafast quenching method for growing graphene in air is developed by using scanning electromagnetic induction (SEMI) equipment. This method is successfully applied to grow a 400 mm × 400 mm graphene glass within 2 min in the air with a lab‐grade instrument. Thus‐produced multiple‐layered graphene glass is of a high uniformity, film adhesion, and full coverage, showing a surface resistance (Rs) below 500 Ω sq−1. Outstanding electrothermal capabilities up to 1000 °C are demonstrated for their promising potential for transparent heating devices. The SEMI method, including the product size and growth rate, can be easily up‐scaled, which is believed to provide an effective route to grow graphene aiming at its real applications.
The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Alzheimer's Disease: From Mechanism to Biomaterials Therapy
Authors: Yu Zhuohang , Luo Feng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic, insidious, and progressive neurodegenerative disease that remains a clinical challenge for society. The fully approved drug lecanemab exhibits the prospect of therapy against the pathological processes, while debatable adverse events conflict with the drug concentration required for the anticipated therapeutic effects. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the pathological progression of AD, as has been demonstrated in much research regarding oxidative stress (OS). The contradiction between anticipated dosage and adverse event may be resolved through targeted transport by biomaterials and get therapeutic effects through pathological progression via regulation of ROS. Besides, biomaterials fix delivery issues by promoting the penetration of drugs across the blood–brain barrier (BBB), protecting the drug from peripheral degradation, and elevating bioavailability. The goal is to comprehensively understand the mechanisms of ROS in the progression of AD disease and the potential of ROS‐related biomaterials in the treatment of AD. This review focuses on OS and its connection with AD and novel biomaterials in recent years against AD via OS to inspire novel biomaterial development. Revisiting these biomaterials and mechanisms associated with OS in AD via thorough investigations presents a considerable potential and bright future for improving effective interventions for AD.
Operando Optical Microscopy of Dead Lithium Growth in Anode‐Less Configuration
Authors: Romio Martina , Kahr Jürgen , Miele Ermanno , Krammer Martin , Surace Yuri , Boz Buket , Molaiyan Palanivel , Dimopoulos Theodoros , Armand Michel , Paolella Andrea 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThere is an increasing demand to improve battery safety and performance as part of the global push to convert the small electronics and transportation sector to infrastructures based on electricity. This work follows the deposition of lithium metal in anode‐less conditions by an operando optical microscope using a transparent indium tin oxide‐polyethylene terephthalate (ITO‐PET) window as the current collector in a readily‐available electrochemical set‐up. The mechanism of Li metal nucleation strongly depends on the selected current densities (C/40 and 2C). After the deposition of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI), Li nucleates from mossy to needle morphology. Moreover, layer‐by‐layer growth of dead Li in voids is monitored by following its accumulation upon cycling. Dead Li deposits in residual hollow structures, especially when high current densities are applied. These optical observations are coupled with computer vision analyses to evaluate the average size of the Li deposits: smaller Li nuclei plate when high C‐rate is applied. The results here described provide insights into a new electrochemical cell concept that enables to elucidate the influence of spatial inhomogeneities of the lithophilic ITO‐PET surface on the mechanism of Li nucleation and plating.
Coherent Phase Change in Interstitial Solutions: A Hierarchy of Instabilities
Authors: Weissmüller Jörg 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMetal hydrides or lithium ion battery electrodes can take the form of interstitial solid solutions with a miscibility gap. This work discusses theory approaches for locating, in temperature‐composition space, coherent phase transformations during the charging/discharging of such systems and for identifying the associated transformation mechanisms. The focus is on the simplest scenario, where instabilities derive from the thermodynamics of the bulk phase alone, considering strain energy as the foremost consequence of coherency and admitting for stress relaxation at free surfaces. The extension of the approach to include capillarity is demonstrated by an example. The analysis rests on constrained equilibrium phase diagrams that are informed by geometry‐ and dimensionality‐specific mechanical boundary conditions and on elastic instabilities–again geometry‐specific–as implied by the theory of open‐system elasticity. It is demonstrated that some scenarios afford the analysis of chemical stability to be based entirely on a linear stability analysis of the mechanical equilibrium, which provides closed‐form solutions in a straightforward manner. Attention is on the impact of the system geometry (infinitely extended or of finite size) and on the chemical (closed or open system) and mechanical (incoherent or coherent) boundary conditions. Transformation mechanism maps are suggested for documenting the findings. The maps reveal a hierarchy of instabilities, which depend strongly on each of the above characteristics. Specifically, realistic, finite‐sized systems differ qualitatively from idealized systems of infinite extension. Among the transformation mechanisms exposed by the analysis are a uniform switchover to the other phase when the open system reaches its chemical spinodal, practical coherent nucleation, as well as chemo‐elastically coupled spontaneous buckling modes, which may take the form of either, single‐phase or dual‐phase states.
Puerarin‐Loaded Electrospun Patches with Anti‐Inflammatory and Pro‐Collagen Synthesis Properties for Pelvic Floor Reconstruction
Authors: Zhang Di , Xu Dong , Huang Xiaobo , Wei Yingqi , Tang Fuxin , Qin Xiusen , Liang Weiwen , Liang Zhongping , Jin Lin , Wang Hui , Wang Huaiming 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPelvic organ prolapse (POP) is one of the most common pelvic floor dysfunction disorders worldwide. The weakening of pelvic connective tissues initiated by excessive collagen degradation is a leading cause of POP. However, the patches currently used in the clinic trigger an unfavorable inflammatory response, which often leads to implantation failure and the inability to simultaneously reverse progressive collagen degradation. Therefore, to overcome the present challenges, a new strategy is applied by introducing puerarin (Pue) into poly(l‐lactic acid) (PLLA) using electrospinning technology. PLLA improves the mechanical properties of the patch, while Pue offers intrinsic anti‐inflammatory and pro‐collagen synthesis effects. The results show that Pue is released from PLLA@Pue in a sustained manner for more than 20 days, with a total release rate exceeding 80%. The PLLA@Pue electrospun patches also show good biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity. The excellent anti‐inflammatory and pro‐collagen synthesis properties of the PLLA@Pue patch are demonstrated both in vitro in H2O2‐stimulated mouse fibroblasts and in vivo in rat abdominal wall muscle defects. Therefore, it is believed that this multifunctional electrospun patch integrating anti‐inflammatory and pro‐collagen synthesis properties can overcome the limitations of traditional patches and has great prospects for efficient pelvic floor reconstruction.
[GeRu6(CO)18HI]: A Germanium‐Centered Ruthenium Carbonyl Cluster with Aromatic Ring Current
Authors: Wolf Silke , Köppe Ralf , Treptow Jens , Feuerstein Wolfram , Wenzel Jonas , Breher Frank , Roesky Peter W. , Weigend Florian , Klopper Wim , Feldmann Claus 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe carbonyl cluster compound [GeRu6(CO)18HI] is unique in regard to its structure and bonding with a GeRu6 cluster core, a planar GeRu4HI unit, extensive multi‐center bonding, and an aromatic ring current similar to benzene (9‐10 nA T−1). The open‐shell cluster core is a Ge‐centered five‐membered Ru4(Ru2) ring with CO ligands and an additional H and I atom, each bridging two Ru atoms on opposite sides of the cluster core. The compound is prepared at 130 °C in a weakly‐coordinating ionic liquid.
Identifying the prevalence and characteristics of diversity, equity, and inclusion leaders in academic emergency medicine
Authors: Tsuchida Ryan E. , Mbele Neema , Chopra Zoey , Moll Joel , Burkhardt John C. , Hekman Daniel J. , Perry Marcia A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesOur study aims to better understand and describe the current state of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) leadership in emergency medicine (EM) by identifying the prevalence of department DEI leadership positions, their demographics, and their job duty characteristics.MethodsWe disseminated an electronic survey from April to July 2022 to Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) Association of Academic Chairs of Emergency Medicine, Academy for Diversity and Inclusion in Emergency Medicine, and the Equity and Inclusion Committee to identify department DEI leads. From July to August 2022, a 45‐question survey was sent to all identified DEI leaders on individual characteristics, DEI experience, and DEI lead job description.ResultsWe received a response from 79 out of 120 academic EM departments identified (65.8%). Of the responding institutions, 59 (74.7%) reported a DEI leader. A total of 74.6% of these DEI leaders responded at least partially to our survey and 57.6% responded in full. The most common titles were vice/associate chair of DEI (34.4%), director of DEI (28.1%), and DEI committee chair (18.8%). Most respondents (84.4%) were the inaugural DEI lead in their department and 84.4% of respondents did not have a formal DEI role in their department previously. On average, respondents have had their DEI title for 2 years (range 0–7 years) with an average of 7 years (range 0–30 years) of experience performing DEI work. Many (63.4%) do not receive any funded effort for their DEI roles. Most DEI leads were not tenure track (72.2%) and most commonly at the rank of assistant professor (47.2%) followed by associate professor (33.3%), full professor (16.7%), and instructor (2.8%).ConclusionsThis is the first known study to assess the characteristics of DEI department leaders in EM. EM DEI leadership positions are new, common, and led by diverse personal identities and are often not funded. Future directions could gain qualitative insight into this workforce to guide best practices in EM DEI leadership.