bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical uncertainty in large vessel occlusion ischemic stroke: does automated perfusion imaging make a difference? An intra-rater and inter-rater agreement study
Authors: Diestro Jose Danilo Bengzon , Fahed Robert , Omar Abdelsimar Tan , Hawkes Christine , Hendriks Eef J , Enriquez Clare , Eesa Muneer , Stotts Grant , Lee Hubert , Nagendra Shashank , Poppe Alexandre , Ducroux Célina , Lim Timothy , Narvacan Karl , Rizzuto Michael , Alfalahi Afra , Nishi Hidehisa , Sarma Pragyan , Itsekson Hayosh Ze'ev , Ignacio Katrina , Boisseau William , Pimenta Ribeiro Pontes Almeida Eduardo , Benomar Anass , Almekhlafi Mohammed A , Milot Genvieve , Deshmukh Aviraj , Kishore Kislay , Tampieri Donatella , Wang Jeffrey , Srivastava Abhilekh , Roy Daniel , Carpani Federico , Kashani Nima , Candale-Radu Claudia , Singh Nishita , Bres Bullrich Maria , Sarmiento Robert , Muir Ryan T , Parra-Fariñas Carmen , Reiter Stephanie , Deschaintre Yan , Singh Ravinder-Jeet , Bodani Vivek , Katsanos Aristeidis , Agid Ronit , Zafar Atif , Pereira Vitor M , Spears Julian , Marotta Thomas R , Djiadeu Pascal , Sharma Sunjay , Farrokhyar Forough 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundLimited research exists regarding the impact of neuroimaging on endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) decisions for late-window cases of large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke.ObjectiveT0 assess whether perfusion CT imaging: (1) alters the proportion of recommendations for EVT, and (2) enhances the reliability of EVT decision-making compared with non-contrast CT and CT angiography.MethodsWe conducted a survey using 30 patients drawn from an institutional database of 3144 acute stroke cases. These were presented to 29 Canadian physicians with and without perfusion imaging. We used non-overlapping 95% confidence intervals and difference in agreement classification as criteria to suggest a difference between the Gwet AC1 statistics (κG).ResultsThe percentage of EVT recommendations differed by 1.1% with or without perfusion imaging. Individual decisions changed in 21.4% of cases (11.3% against EVT and 10.1% in favor). Inter-rater agreement (κG) among the 29 raters was similar between non-perfusion and perfusion CT neuroimaging (κG=0.487; 95% CI 0.327 to 0.647 and κG=0.552; 95% CI 0.430 to 0.675). The 95% CIs overlapped with moderate agreement in both. Intra-rater agreement exhibited overlapping 95% CIs for all 28 raters. κGwas either substantial or excellent (0.81–1) for 71.4% (20/28) of raters in both groups.ConclusionsDespite the minimal difference in overall EVT recommendations with either neuroimaging protocol one in five decisions changed with perfusion imaging. Regarding agreement we found that the use of automated CT perfusion images does not significantly impact the reliability of EVT decisions for patients with late-window LVO.
Ground-state energy of H−: a critical test of triple basis sets
Authors: Petrimoulx E.M.R. , Bondy A.T. , Ene E.A. , Sati L.A. , Drake G.W.F. 
Published: March 2024

We report an improved variational upper bound for the ground state energy of H− using Hylleraas-like wave functions in the form of a triple basis set having three distinct distance scales. The extended precision DQFUN of Bailey, allowing for 70 decimal digit arithmetic, is implemented to retain sufficient precision. Our result exceeds the previous record [A. M. Frolov, Euro. J. Phys. D 69, 132 (2015)], indicating that the Hylleraas triple basis set exhibits comparable convergence to the widely used pseudorandom all-exponential basis sets, but the numerical stability against roundoff error is much better. It is argued that the three distance scales have a clear physical interpretation. The new variational bound for infinite nuclear mass is –0.527 751 016 544 377 196 590 814 478 a.u. New variational bounds are also presented for the finite mass cases of the hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium negative ions H−, D−, and T−.
A New Method of Distance Measure Between Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and its Application in Admission Procedure
Authors: Ejegwa Paul Augustine , Anum Manasseh Terna , Isife Kenneth Ifeanyi 
Published: March 2024

Sundry complex real-world problems involving decision-making have been resolved using the idea of distance measures between intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs). Several distance measuring techniques between IFSs have been developed, but it is only the work of Xie et al. that considered the tendency coefficients of the intuitionistic fuzzy parameters (IFPs), namely, membership grade, nonmembership grade and hesitation grade. Albeit, Xie et al.’s technique uses assumed tendency coefficients for IFPs, which is defective for a reliable result. Sequel to this setback, we develop a new distance measure between IFSs which includes tendency coefficients of the IFPs, where the tendency coefficients are computed from the intuitionistic fuzzy values to enhance reliable results. In addition, the new distance measure between IFSs is applied to discuss students’ admission process to ascertain the most eligible candidate based on academic performance in an entry examination. The application is carried out using two techniques, namely, the recognition principle and the multiple criteria decision-making approach, respectively. Finally, the superiority of the newly developed distance measure between IFSs is shown comparatively with respect to the existing approaches between IFSs. This new distance measure can be applied to clustering analysis, multiple attributes decision-making (MADM), a technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), etc. in future research.
A century of urban landslides: the legacy and consequences of altering riverbank landscapes
Authors: Bennett Isabella B. , Bierman P. R. 
Published: March 2024

Urban landslides are a deadly and costly hazard. Human actions, such as altering the grade, composition and vegetation-cover of hillslopes, can increase the threat of mass movements. Here, we use an interdisciplinary approach to examine the spatial distribution, timing and cause of landslides affecting a state highway and adjacent buildings along the top of a steep, urban riverbank in the mid-latitude, humid-temperate state of Vermont. Using over 100 years of mapping, photographs and written records, we demonstrate that most mass movements in our field area occurred on slopes oversteepened by the addition of uncompacted artificial fill, added without engineering considerations. Emplaced atop glacial and post-glacial sediment with low hydraulic conductivity, the fill, having little to no cohesion, expanded buildable areas, but the new infrastructure sat on unstable ground. Over the following decades, repeated failures (
n
= 20), mostly shallow translational landslides in fill material along with several deeper-seated rotational slides, sent buildings, trees and segments of road into the river below. Solutions include incentivizing the removal of structures built on fill and limiting further filling activities through changes in zoning regulations and more effective enforcement of existing municipal codes. The approach we use provides a framework for similar geographical settings and can inform urban planning and risk assessment.

Supplementary material
: Supplementary photographs and imagery, and a list of references for all historical photographs and maps used in this study, are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.7103608

Thematic collection:
This article is part of the Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology of the Anthropocene collection available at:
https://www.lyellcollection.org/topic/collections/engineering-geology-and-hydrogeology-of-the-anthropocene
Middle Eastern carbonate reservoirs – the critical impact of discrete zones of elevated permeability on reservoir performance
Authors: Cross Nigel E. , Burchette Trevor P. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Middle Eastern carbonate petroleum reservoirs exhibit a range of heterogeneities which consist of variable combinations of primary stratigraphic and secondary diagenetic and structural characteristics. These produce diverse permeability architectures which can exert a profound influence on reservoir performance during secondary recovery. Of particular importance are laterally persistent discrete zones of elevated permeability (DZEP) that typically make up a volumetrically minor proportion of the reservoir yet show disproportionately high fluid inflow or outflow. The stratigraphic, diagenetic and structural origins of elevated permeability in Middle Eastern carbonate reservoirs are considered here and the consequences of such features for reservoir performance are discussed. The term DZEP denotes geological sources of elevated permeability at least an order of magnitude greater than background reservoir properties. Stratigraphically organized DZEP comprise coarse-grained layers, event beds or parasequence tops or bases in neritic or platform interior settings. Other origins include bioturbated layers, grainy clinothems and bed-scale, grain-size variations in shoal deposits. Diagenetic DZEP are typically dissolution horizons with mouldic and touching-vug pore networks or dolomitized intervals which often overprint stratigraphic DZEP. Structural DZEP include individual faults, fracture corridors and fracture concentrations related to mechanical stratigraphy. During production through natural pressure depletion, DZEP may dominate well productivity. Under secondary recovery, the same intervals may dominate inter-well fluid flow, causing flood conformance issues, cross-zone fluid movement, bypassed pay and earlier-than-expected water or gas breakthrough to production wells. Optimization of production and ultimate recovery rely on collecting the correct kinds of data at a sufficiently early stage in the reservoir characterization process to permit their inclusion in static and dynamic reservoir models.
Diabetes Risk Reduction Diet and Colorectal Cancer Risk
Authors: Natale Arianna , Turati Federica , Taborelli Martina , Giacosa Attilio , Augustin Livia S.A. , Crispo Anna , Negri Eva , Rossi Marta , La Vecchia Carlo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Diabetes has been associated with colorectal cancer. We evaluated whether adherence to a diabetes risk reduction diet (DRRD) can favorably influence the risk of colorectal cancer.

Methods:
Data came from a multicentric Italian case-control study including 1,953 histologically confirmed colorectal cancer cases and 4,154 hospital controls admitted for acute nonneoplastic diseases. Diet was assessed through a validated and reproducible food frequency questionnaire. The DRRD score was computed assigning higher values for higher consumption of cereal fiber, fruit, coffee, nuts and a higher polyunsaturated/saturated fats ratio and for lower glycemic index and lower consumption of red/processed meat and sweetened beverages and fruit juices. The ORs and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) of colorectal cancer according to the DRRD score were obtained using logistic regression models adjusting for total energy intake and other major confounders.

Results:
The DRRD was inversely related to colorectal cancer risk. The ORs of colorectal cancer were 0.77 (95% CI, 0.67–0.89) for the third versus first score tertile (Ptrend &lt; 0.001) and 0.92 (95% CI, 0.87–0.96) for a 3-point increment in the score. Inverse associations were observed for colon and rectal cancers and were consistent in strata of sex, age, and other major covariates.

Conclusions:
A higher adherence to a DRRD was inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk.

Impact:
Given the high incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer, adherence to a DRRD can have relevant prevention and public health implications.
Targeting Tryptophan Catabolism in Ovarian Cancer to Attenuate Macrophage Infiltration and PD-L1 Expression
Authors: Crump Lyndsey S. , Floyd Jessica L. , Kuo Li-Wei , Post Miriam D. , Bickerdike Mike , O'Neill Kathleen , Sompel Kayla , Jordan Kimberly R. , Corr Bradley R. , Marjon Nicole , Woodruff Elizabeth R. , Richer Jennifer K. , Bitler Benjamin G. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) of the fallopian tube, ovary, and peritoneum is the most common type of ovarian cancer and is predicted to be immunogenic because the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes conveys a better prognosis. However, the efficacy of immunotherapies has been limited because of the immune-suppressed tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor metabolism and immune-suppressive metabolites directly affect immune cell function through the depletion of nutrients and activation of immune-suppressive transcriptional programs. Tryptophan (TRP) catabolism is a contributor to HGSC disease progression. Two structurally distinct rate-limiting TRP catabolizing enzymes, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (TDO2), evolved separately to catabolize TRP. IDO1/TDO2 are aberrantly expressed in carcinomas and metabolize TRP into the immune-suppressive metabolite kynurenine (KYN), which can engage the aryl hydrocarbon receptor to drive immunosuppressive transcriptional programs. To date, IDO inhibitors tested in clinical trials have had limited efficacy, but those inhibitors did not target TDO2, and we find that HGSC cell lines and clinical outcomes are more dependent on TDO2 than IDO1. To identify inflammatory HGSC cancers with poor prognosis, we stratified patient ascites samples by IL6 status, which correlates with poor prognosis. Metabolomics revealed that IL6-high patient samples had enriched KYN. TDO2 knockdown significantly inhibited HGSC growth and TRP catabolism. The orally available dual IDO1/TDO2 inhibitor, AT-0174, significantly inhibited tumor progression, reduced tumor-associated macrophages, and reduced expression of immune-suppressive proteins on immune and tumor cells. These studies demonstrate the importance of TDO2 and the therapeutic potential of AT-0174 to overcome an immune-suppressed TME.

Significance:
Developing strategies to improve response to chemotherapy is essential to extending disease-free intervals for patients with HGSC of the fallopian tube, ovary, and peritoneum. In this article, we demonstrate that targeting TRP catabolism, particularly with dual inhibition of TDO2 and IDO1, attenuates the immune-suppressive microenvironment and, when combined with chemotherapy, extends survival compared with chemotherapy alone.
Roles for Implicit Bias Science in Antidiscrimination
Law
Authors: Greenwald Anthony G. , Newkirk Thomas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Declining scholarly interest in intentional discrimination may be due to rapid growth of interest in systemic biases and implicit biases. Systemic biases are produced by organizational personnel doing their assigned jobs, but nevertheless causing adverse impacts to members of protected classes as identified in civil rights laws. Implicit biases are culturally formed stereotypes and attitudes that cause selective harms to protected classes while operating mostly outside of conscious awareness. Both are far more pervasive and responsible for much greater adversity than caused by overt, explicit bias, such as hate speech. Scientific developments may eventually influence jurisprudence to reduce effects of systemic and implicit biases, but likely not rapidly. We conclude by describing possibilities for executive leadership in both public and private sectors to ameliorate discrimination faster and more effectively than is presently likely via courts and legislation.
Retooling Career Systems to Fight Workplace Bias: Evidence from U.S.
Corporations
Authors: Kalev Alexandra , Dobbin Frank 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The civil rights movement spurred U.S. companies and universities to implement antidiscrimination programs. Beginning in the early 1960s, employers adopted anti bias training as their first line of defense against bigotry. Even then, there was substantial evidence that this approach was unlikely to lessen bias. In this essay, we discuss social science research on the effects of antibias training, as well as research on systemic approaches to reducing institutional discrimination based on insights from contact theory. As sociologist Samuel Stouffer and psychologist Gordon Allport, the progenitors of contact theory, might have predicted by the end of World War II, we find that interventions to change career systems to maximize intergroup contact can promote workplace equity.
Mirror, Mirror, on the Wall, Who's the Fairest of Them All?
Authors: Xiang Alice 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Debates in AI ethics often hinge on comparisons between AI and humans: which is more beneficial, which is more harmful, which is more biased, the human or the machine? These questions, however, are a red herring. They ignore what is most interesting and important about AI ethics: AI is a mirror. If a person standing in front of a mirror asked you, “Who is more beautiful, me or the person in the mirror?” the question would seem ridiculous. Sure, depending on the angle, lighting, and personal preferences of the beholder, the person or their reflection might appear more beautiful, but the question is moot. AI reflects patterns in our society, just and unjust, and the worldviews of its human creators, fair or biased. The question then is not which is fairer, the human or the machine, but what can we learn from this reflection of our society and how can we make AI fairer? This essay discusses the challenges to developing fairer AI, and how they stem from this reflective property.
Slaves Holding Slaves: Mükâtebe Contracts, Velâ and a Probate Inventory in the Seventeenth-Century Crimean Khanate
Authors: Yaşa Fırat 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article aims to reveal some aspects of relationships between former slaves and their ex-owners in light of seventeenth-century Crimean qadi court records. It elaborates on a number of terms that indicate the social and legal status of slaves in the Crimean Khanate and analyzes a former slave probate inventory. In addition, the paper also examines the phenomenon of the mükâtebe contract in the Crimean Khanate context which allowed slaves to hold slaves; it thus seeks to provide new perspectives on the exercising of the mükâtebe. The paper considers how social fluidity affected the lives of slaves, explores the question of whether manumitted slaves actually attained the same status as the freeborn, and, finally, traces the ways in which dependency relationships evolved between freed former slaves and the slaves held by these latter.
Teaching Human-Animal Studies Courses: Exploring Student Characteristics Across Three Universities
Authors: Grauerholz Liz , Whitley Cameron T. , Kidder Erin N. , Ortiz Kelley J. , Stolley Kathy Shepherd 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Human-animal studies (HAS) courses are becoming increasingly common in the college curriculum to help mitigate and address environmental and social problems. However, data on who takes these courses are lacking. This study examines differences between students who enroll in sociological HAS courses and those who do not. Survey data from three very distinct universities show that the main commonalities among students in HAS courses is bonding toward nonhuman animals and lower identification as meat-eaters. Differences across institutions further suggest that where instructors teach is perhaps as important as what and how they teach. These findings have implications for course design, pedagogical methods, recruiting, and engaging students who would otherwise not take HAS courses, and addressing potential barriers to transformational learning. The study provides missing baseline data so HAS scholars can assess change over time.
Mourning an Oenophile
Authors: Feys Xander 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In Petrus Nannius’ posthumously published commentary on Vergil’s Eclogues (Basel: Johannes Oporinus, 1559), one section contains a forgotten mock epitaph ascribed to Erasmus. The short poem, omitted in modern editions of Erasmus’ poetry, is written for a man simply referred to as “Theodoricus”. In the present article, I offer a diplomatic transcription, translation, and contextualization of the epitaph and the commentary section in which it is imbedded. In my discussion of the epitaph, I identify “Theodoricus” as Dirk Martens of Aalst (Theodoricus Martinus Alustensis/Alostensis), Erasmus’ close friend and the publisher of many of his works.
Integrating the neo-Weberian state and public value
Authors: Ongaro Edoardo 
Published: March 2024

Two thematic areas have grown in significance in the contemporary scientific literature of public governance, public administration and public management over the past 20 to 30 years: the theory and practice of public value, and theorisation of the neo-Weberian state (NWS). In this paper, we argue that, while these two important thematic areas have so far developed in a mostly unconnected way from each other, they both might benefit from integrating each other's perspective into their theoretical frame, and we outline the contours of such a framework. We argue that the NWS and public value might theoretically be combined in three forms of integration of the respective perspectives: the integration of the NWS conceived of as model with an approach to public value conceived of as an addition of value through the actions by public managers; the NWS as an ideal type with public value conceived of as an addition of value through the actions by public managers; and the NWS as an ideal type with public value conceived of as a contribution to the public sphere. The NWS may benefit from integrating the public value perspective in order to develop some of its core components: how it compounds input legitimacy with output legitimacy, and how it integrates the managerial components into a narrative of managerial action for the public purpose. The perspective of public value may benefit from engaging into a dialogue with NWS, if it aspires to be a truly global paradigm for managing public services. Points for practitioners 1.  Public managers could and should pursue courses of action aimed at creating public value within the frame of NWS institutions and processes. 2.  The adoption of a public value perspective is compatible with an NWS framework and mutually beneficial. 3.  The development of the NWS in jurisdictions across the world is strengthened by the integration of the public value perspective, which can lead to matching output legitimacy and input legitimacy.