bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water vapour masers in long-period variable stars
Authors: Winnberg A. , Brand J. , Engels D. 
Published: March 2024

Context. Water maser emission is often found in the circumstellar envelopes of evolved stars, that is, asymptotic giant branch stars and red supergiants with oxygen-rich chemistry. The H2O emission shows strong variability in evolved stars of both of these types.
Aims. We wish to understand the reasons for the strong variability of water masers emitted at 22 GHz. In this paper, we study U Her and RR Aql as representatives of Mira variable stars.
Methods. We monitored U Her and RR Aql in the 22 GHz maser line of water vapour with single-dish telescopes. The monitoring period covered about two decades between 1990 and 2011, with a gap between 1997 and 2000 in the case of RR Aql. Observations were also made in 1987 and 2015 before and after the period of contiguous monitoring. In addition, maps of U Her were obtained in the period 1990–1992 with the Very Large Array.
Results. We find that the strongest emission in U Her is located in a shell with boundaries of 11–25 AU. The gas-crossing time is 8.5 yr. We derive lifetimes for individual maser clouds of ≤4 yr based on the absence of detectable line-of-sight velocity drifts of the maser emission. The shell is not evenly filled, and its structure is maintained over much longer timescales than those of individual maser clouds. Both stars show brightness variability on several timescales. The prevalent variation is periodic, following the optical variability of the stars with a lag of 2–3 months. Superposed are irregular fluctuations of a few months in duration, with increased or decreased excitation at particular locations, and long-term systematic variations on timescales of a decade or more.
Conclusions. The properties of the maser emission are governed by those of the stellar wind while traversing the H2O maser shell. Inhomogeneities in the wind affecting the excitation conditions and prevalent beaming directions likely cause the variations seen on timescales of longer than the stellar pulsation period. We propose the existence of long-living regions in the shells, which maintain favourable excitation conditions on timescales of the wind-crossing times through the shells or orbital periods of (sub)stellar companions. The H2O maser properties in these two Mira variables are remarkably similar to those in the semiregular variables studied in our previous papers regarding shell location, outflow velocity, and lifetime. The only difference is the regular brightness variations of the Mira variables caused by the periodic pulsation of the stars.
Establishing a mass-loss rate relation for red supergiants in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Antoniadis K. , Bonanos A. Z. , de Wit S. , Zapartas E. , Munoz-Sanchez G. , Maravelias G. 
Published: March 2024

Context.The high mass-loss rates of red supergiants (RSGs) drastically affect their evolution and final fate, but their mass-loss mechanism remains poorly understood. Various empirical prescriptions scaled with luminosity have been derived in the literature, yielding results with a dispersion of two to three orders of magnitude.Aims.We determine an accurate mass-loss rate relation with luminosity and other parameters using a large, clean sample of RSGs. In this way, we shed light into the underlying physical mechanism and explain the discrepancy between previous works.Methods.We assembled a sample of 2219 RSG candidates in the Large Magellanic Cloud, with ultraviolet to mid-infrared photometry in up to 49 filters. We determined the luminosity of each RSG by integrating the spectral energy distribution and the mass-loss rate using the radiative transfer codeDUSTY.Results.Our derived RSG mass-loss rates range from approximately 10−9 M⊙yr−1to 10−5 M⊙yr−1, mainly depending on the luminosity. The average mass-loss rate is 9.3 × 10−7 M⊙yr−1for log(L/L⊙) > 4, corresponding to a dust-production rate of ∼3.6 × 10−9 M⊙yr−1. We established a mass-loss rate relation as a function of luminosity and effective temperature. Furthermore, we found a turning point in the relation of mass-loss rate versus luminosity at approximately log(L/L⊙) = 4.4, indicating enhanced rates beyond this limit. We show that this enhancement correlates with photometric variability. We compared our results with prescriptions from the literature, finding an agreement with works assuming steady-state winds. Additionally, we examined the effect of different assumptions on our models and found that radiatively driven winds result in mass-loss rates higher by two to three orders of magnitude, which is unrealistically high for RSGs. For grain sizes < 0.1 μm, the predicted mass-loss rates are higher by a factor of 25−30 than larger grain sizes. Finally, we found that 21% of our sample constitute current binary candidates. This has a minor effect on our mass-loss relation.
18 Jahre alter, spontan retrograder Unterarm-Schleifenshunt
Authors: Krönung Gerhard 
Published: March 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGBildgebend dokumentiertes topografisches und funktionelles Gefäßmapping und gründliche Erfahrung mit der Dynamik des arteriellen und venösen Remodelings sind und bleiben wesentliche Säulen für eine nachhaltig erfolgreiche Shuntchirurgie einschließlich der Vermeidung unnötiger Eingriffe.
Manual Evaluation of Record Linkage Algorithm Performance in Four Real-World Datasets
Authors: Gupta Agrayan K. , Xu Huiping , Li Xiaochun , Vest Joshua R. , Grannis Shaun J. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives Patient data are fragmented across multiple repositories, yielding suboptimal and costly care. Record linkage algorithms are widely accepted solutions for improving completeness of patient records. However, studies often fail to fully describe their linkage techniques. Further, while many frameworks evaluate record linkage methods, few focus on producing gold standard datasets. This highlights a need to assess these frameworks and their real-world performance. We use real-world datasets and expand upon previous frameworks to evaluate a consistent approach to the manual review of gold standard datasets and measure its impact on algorithm performance.
Methods We applied the framework, which includes elements for data description, reviewer training and adjudication, and software and reviewer descriptions, to four datasets. Record pairs were formed and between 15,000 and 16,500 records were randomly sampled from these pairs. After training, two reviewers determined match status for each record pair. If reviewers disagreed, a third reviewer was used for final adjudication.
Results Between the four datasets, the percent discordant rate ranged from 1.8 to 13.6%. While reviewers' discordance rate typically ranged between 1 and 5%, one exhibited a 59% discordance rate, showing the importance of the third reviewer. The original analysis was compared with three sensitivity analyses. The original analysis most often exhibited the highest predictive values compared with the sensitivity analyses.
Conclusion Reviewers vary in their assessment of a gold standard, which can lead to variances in estimates for matching performance. Our analysis demonstrates how a multireviewer process can be applied to create gold standards, identify reviewer discrepancies, and evaluate algorithm performance.
Need for Gastrostomy Tube in Periviable Infants
Authors: ElSeed Peterson Erica E. , Roeckner Jared T. , Deall Taylor W. , Karn Michele , Duncan Jose R. , Flores-Torres Jaime , Kumar Ambuj , Randis Tara M. 
Published: March 2024

Objective We sought to identify clinical and demographic factors associated with gastrostomy tube (g-tube) placement in periviable infants.
Study Design We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study of live-born infants between 22 and 25 weeks' gestation. Infants not actively resuscitated and those with congenital anomalies were excluded from analysis.
Results Of the 243 infants included, 158 survived until discharge. Of those that survived to discharge, 35 required g-tube prior to discharge. Maternal race/ethnicity (p = 0.006), intraventricular hemorrhage (p = 0.013), periventricular leukomalacia (p = 0.003), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD; p ≤ 0.001), and singleton gestation (p = 0.009) were associated with need for gastrostomy. In a multivariable logistic regression, maternal Black race (Odds Ratio [OR] = 2.88; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11–7.47; p = 0.029), singleton gestation (OR = 3.99; 95% CI: 1.28–12.4; p = 0.017) and BPD (zero g-tube placement in the no BPD arm; p ≤ 0.001) were associated with need for g-tube.
Conclusion A high percentage of periviable infants surviving until discharge require g-tube at our institution. In this single-center retrospective study, we noted that maternal Black race, singleton gestation, and BPD were associated with increased risk for g-tube placement in infants born between 22 and 25 weeks' gestation. The finding of increased risk with maternal Black race is consistent with previous reports of racial/ethnic disparities in preterm morbidities. Additional studies examining factors associated with successful achievement of oral feedings in preterm infants are necessary and will inform future efforts to advance equity in newborn health.
Key Points
Mother and Daughter Technique Using a Low-Profile Microcatheter for Navigating a Complete Radial Artery Loop
Authors: Bhatia Vikas , Meghashyam Kesha 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRadial loops are infrequent; however, they are a major cause for failure of radial access for procedure. Interventionists should be familiar with bail-out techniques when a radial loop is encountered to avoid spasm/injury. We describe our experience with two cases with 360 degrees radial loop in which we used low-profile microcatheter system to successfully complete the procedure
Just a Game? Sport and Psychoanalytic Theory
Authors: Black Jack , Reynoso Joseph S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSport poses a number of important and no less significant questions, which, on the face of it, may not necessarily seem very important or significant to begin with – a peculiarity that we believe to be integral to sport itself. This article introduces, explores and outlines the psychoanalytic significance of this peculiarity. It explores how the emotions stirred by sport are intertwined with a realm of fiction and fantasy. Despite its lack of practical utility, sport carries an undeniable gravity, encapsulating the aspirations of communities, nations and continents. As a result, psychoanalysis can be used to critically reflect on the purpose and meaning of sport: that is, why do we need sport, and why, for large sections of the world’s population, do we rely on it? Ultimately, while psychoanalysis maintains a unique relation to a variety of unexpected fields of study – including art, culture and neuroscience – we seek to add to this expanding list of inquiry by including sport in this critical domain. By utilising sport as a platform to elucidate psychoanalytic concepts, it is recognised that sport can also prompt questions for psychoanalysis. In so doing, theoretical discussions on the social, cultural and political dimensions of sport through psychoanalytic theory are introduced and applied.
Investigating the mediating role of ethical issues and healthcare between the metaverse and mental health in Pakistan, China, and Saudi Arabia
Authors: Xiao Yineng , Ahmad Sayed Fayaz , Irshad Muhammad , Guo Han , Mahmoud Haitham A. , Awwad Emad Mahrous , Khan Yasser 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article examines the mediating role of ethical issues and healthcare on the relationship between the Metaverse and mental health. It also investigates the impact of the Metaverse on ethical issues and healthcare. It is based on quantitative methodology. Using a purposive sampling technique, a close-ended questionnaire was used to collect data from 392 nurses and doctors across Pakistan, China, and Saudi Arabia. The Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling technique was used for the analysis. The findings show a significant mediating role of ethical issues between the Metaverse and mental health. The results do not support the mediating role of healthcare between the Metaverse and mental health. In addition, the findings also show a positive relationship between the Metaverse and ethical issues and between ethical issues and mental health. Similarly, the findings also support the relationship between the Metaverse and healthcare. The results do not support the relationship between healthcare and mental health. The study has many implications for technology developers, scientists, policymakers, and healthcare providers.
Study on laser processing of medical polyether ether ketone surface texture and its improvement on service performance
Authors: Sang Shunheng , Yuan Kezhen , Lv Shenjin , Wang Tianzhong , Zhao Guo , Liu Peng , Gao Dongfang , Li Xian , Qiao Yang 
Published: March 2024

Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) has excellent chemical stability, x-ray transmittance, and elastic modulus close to human cortical bone, which can effectively reduce the stress shielding effect. Therefore, PEEK can be used as a commonly used medical bone implant material to repair damaged bones. However, due to its low surface free energy, PEEK has a certain degree of biological inertness. Surface modification methods are urgently needed to improve this problem. Laser surface texturing is expected to improve the biological inertia of PEEK materials. In this study, an ultraviolet laser with a wavelength of 355 nm was used to construct textures on the surface of PEEK materials. By biomimetic design on the surface of PEEK materials, textures similar in depth and width to the surface topography of natural bones were processed. We explore the specific improvement of corrugated texture, single line texture, and orthogonal texture on PEEK material performance, aiming at improving the service performance of PEEK material and creating conditions for better service of PEEK material in vivo. Through the evaluation of PEEK surface contact angle, friction and wear properties, and biocompatibility, the research results show that laser surface texture treatment can improve many service properties of PEEK materials.
Determining the generation length and level of morphological and genetic differentiation in the Data Deficient glossy grass skink (Pseudemoia rawlinsoni)
Authors: Wotherspoon Lucy , Haines Margaret L. , Farquhar Jules E. , Chapple David G. 
Published: March 2024

Context Human activities are having a significant impact on biodiversity worldwide, to the extent that we are in the midst of the sixth mass extinction event. Although a substantial proportion of species globally have an elevated risk of extinction, some species are poorly known and there is insufficient information available to adequately assess their risk of extinction. Aims and methods One such species is the glossy grass skink (Pseudemoia rawlinsoni), a widespread but enigmatic lizard species in south-eastern Australia. In order to improve our knowledge of its life history, and particularly its generation length, we examined museum specimens collected from across the range of the species, supplemented with measurements from field-caught individuals. Key results We estimated that the species reaches sexual maturity in 3 years, at approximately 40 mm snout–vent length. Its generation length was estimated as 5 years. Sexual dimorphism was evident, and female body size was positively related to litter size. Although there was no evidence for substantial variation in morphology across the range of the glossy grass skink, a phylogeographic analysis using mitochondrial DNA sequence data (ND4) revealed the presence of seven genetic sublineages (up to 5.1% genetic divergence) within the species. Conclusions The glossy grass skink appears to be a single, but widespread and genetically variable, species. Implications Our study demonstrates how a targeted, multifaceted study can be effective at rapidly gathering data that can be used to contribute vital information to the assessment of extinction risk in Data Deficient species.
Mean-field study of magnetic properties and hysteresis behavior in a bilayer graphene Ising system
Authors: Salama M , Mouhrach T , Choubabi E B , Hachem N , El Bouziani M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Using the mean-field approximation based on the Gibbs-Bogoliubov inequality for the free energy, we conducted an investigation into the magnetic properties and hysteresis behavior of a graphene Ising bilayer, where the top and bottom layers are occupied by spins σ = 3/2 and S = 5/2, respectively. The effects of exchange interactions, crystal fields, external magnetic field and temperature on the total magnetization, partial magnetizations of each layer, total magnetic susceptibility, blocking temperature and hysteresis loops of the system were thoroughly analyzed. The variations of the blocking temperature as a function of various parameters in the system’s Hamiltonian were presented. Furthermore, we demonstrated the existence of multiple hysteresis loop behaviors under specific physical conditions.
Design and simulation of a new kesterite solar cell structure with and without a perovskite back surface field layer to exceed 32% efficiency
Authors: Et-Taya Lhoussayne , El Khalfi Abdelmajid , Ouhadou Malika , El Boukili Abderrahman , Rahman Md Ferdous , Benami Abdellah 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Copper zinc tin sulfide-selenide (CZTSSe) is a promising thin-film material for photovoltaic solar cells due to its abundance, environmentally friendly constituents, direct bandgap, and high optical absorption in visible light. In this study, we used the SCAPS-1D software to investigate the heterojunction CZTSSe/CdS-based solar cell with and without a perovskite back surface field (BSF) layer added between the absorber layer and the Mo back contact. First, a simple structure CZTSSe/CdS-based solar cell without a BSF layer was considered and replicated. Then, by adding p-MAPbI3 as the BSF layer, a new kesterite solar cell structure has been proposed. Different layer parameters, such as the thickness, acceptor density, and the back contact’s work function, were used to compare the performance of both devices, with and without the BSF layer. A negative impact on cell performance was observed as a function of the series resistance. The analyses showed that the CZTSSe solar cell with the BSF achieved a higher efficiency of 32.27% compared to the cell without the BSF, which had an efficiency of 23.26%. The outcomes of this contribution may provide useful research directions for the thin-film photovoltaic field, enabling the production of highly efficient and low-cost CZTSSe-based solar cells.
Structural and optical properties of ZnO thin films as a function of pH value and its effect on photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Siahsahlan Mahnaz , Mohammadi Aref Sajedeh , Naghshara Hamid 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
ZnO nanoparticles were synthesised via sol–gel method, and then, deposited on a glass substrate using the spin-coating procedure to hand in ZnO thin films. In order to study the effect of alkaline sol on different properties of ZnO thin films, the pH value of sol was adjusted with ammonia. Then, the structural, optical, and photoelectrochemical properties of the prepared samples were analysed. According to XRD analyses, by increasing pH values, the size of ZnO particles increases and the films’ crystallinity improves. In addition, SEM micrographs affirm the uniformity of thin films. According to AFM findings, the morphology and roughness of the samples’ surface are affected by pH values in such a way that with increasing the pH, the roughness of the surface decreases, and the crystallinity improves. Also, both UV–vis peaks shift towards lower wavelengths with increasing pH value of ZnO sol. This means that the more the pH values of ZnO sol, the more the excitation energy of electrons. On the other hand, the numerical values of the energy bandgap decrease by increasing pH. According to PL results, the increase of pH causes the separated electrons and holes to have more energy and can move away from each other. So, the recombination process rate decreases; this result affirms by EIS findings. Increasing the optical absorption and reducing charge recombination are in favour of the photocatalytic reactions. Clearly, increasing the pH value causes the stable photocurrent to increase and the threshold voltage of (J-V) diagram to decrease. Also, the samples show recognisable sensitivity to light. As a final result, the best suggested amount of pH to fabricate ZnO photoanods for water splitting is 10.5.
High-efficiency and high-brightness broad area laser diodes with buried implantation current blocking
Authors: King Ben , Arslan Seval , Della Casa Pietro , Martin Dominik , Boni Anisuzzaman , Thies Andreas , Knigge Andrea , Crump Paul 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Buried-regrown-implant-structure (BRIS) technology combines two-step epitaxial regrowth with an intermediate ion implantation step in order to realise a buried current aperture close to the active region of a laser diode. In this paper we carry out a systematic performance comparison demonstrating the benefit of BRIS technology in single emitter broad-area lasers (BALs). We investigate stripe width W = 100 μ
m and resonator length L = 4 mm single emitter lasers emitting at wavelength λ = 915 nm, comparing the performance of BRIS devices with different implantation depths with reference devices with only contact layer implantation. We show that using BRIS technology we achieve a continuous wave output power of 20 W at 57% efficiency, with a peak efficiency of 68%, and maintain a lateral brightness of 3.4 mm · mrad up to 19 W, improved over the reference devices due to reduced lateral current spreading in the BRIS devices. Further, we show results of ongoing aging experiments, which has shown no device degradation up to 5000 hours from BRIS devices.
Hydrogen storage properties of magnesium based alloys Mg67Ni(32-x)Nb1Alx (x = 1, 3, and 5) by using response surface methodology
Authors: Nivedhitha K S , Umarfarooq M A , Banapurmath N R , Venkatesh R , Khan Tabrej , M L Shreeshail 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Nano metals and hydrogen storage have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their numerous unique properties and wide range of applications. This study explores the synthesis of nanostructured Al and Nb-substituted Mg2Ni intermetallic compounds through high-energy ball milling and investigates their electrochemical performance for energy-related applications. The research emphasizes the critical influence of crystallinity and crystallite size on electrode material performance. Employing Response Surface Methodology (RSM), the study identifies key factors affecting discharge capacity. Notably, current density emerges as the most significant factor, contributing 73% to discharge capacity, as confirmed by perturbation plots. Interaction effects among the factors were found to be relatively insignificant concerning the chemical kinetics of the electrode material. Furthermore, a second-order polynomial equation was developed through RSM to quantitatively relate discharge capacity to composition, milling time, and current density, with a high R2 value of 98.3%. To optimize discharge capacity, a fuzzy parameter setting was generated based on the mathematical model, resulting in a predicted discharge capacity of 398.209 mAh g−1, closely aligned with actual experimental results (394.203 mAh g−1). This work showcases the significance of advanced statistical techniques in elucidating the intricate relationships governing electrochemical performance, particularly in the context of nanocrystalline materials.