bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A User‐Friendly Method of Cardiac Venous System Visualization in 64‐Slice Computed Tomography
Authors: MLYNARSKI RAFAL , SOSNOWSKI MACIEJ , WLODYKA AGNIESZKA , KARGUL WLODZIMIERZ , TENDERA MICHAL 
Published: February 2009

Background: Previsualization of the cardiac venous system is very important for some techniques, for example, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). The aim of this study was to propose a new, user‐friendly method of cardiac venous system visualization in 64‐slice computed tomography (CT).
Methods: In 112 patients (66 M) aged 58 ± 11 standard deviation, a 64‐slice CT with a retrospective electrocardiogram gating was performed due to a suspicion of ischemic heart disease. Special attention was paid to the requirements for image reconstruction useful for CRT.
Results: In 74% of the patients, it was possible to obtain similar images to those during the CRT implantation procedure within anterior‐posterior, left anterior oblique, and right anterior oblique views. The coronary sinus was clearly visible in all cases, the ostium measured 12.9 ± 5.9 mm, and the angle of entrance 99 ± 12 degrees. In all patients it was possible to demonstrate more than one vein; in 95%, at least one vein was clearly visible in the target area. Among the target veins, the posterolateral vein was visible most frequently (78%) in the cases as well as the lateral vein (78%).
Conclusion: The proposed scheme in 64‐slice computed tomography enables images to be generated similar to the intraoperative fluoroscopy, which can be useful in techniques where previsualization of the cardiac venous system is recommended.
Disparities in Preferences for Receiving Support and Education Among Patients with Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators
Authors: SERBER EVA R. , FINCH NANCY J. , LEMAN ROBERT B. , STURDIVANT LACY J. , BARNES TAMMY , CLARKE ELIZABETH , GARRY JENNIFER , GOLD MICHAEL R. 
Published: February 2009

Background: The implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) is the established treatment for patients with a history of or at risk for sudden cardiac arrest. Patients receiving an ICD are diverse, and little is known regarding their preferences for support and education postimplantation. The purpose of this study was to examine race, gender, and age preferences for receiving support and education (e.g., written, verbal).
Methods: Participants (N = 108, 75% Caucasian, 74% male, age 65 ± 11 years) completed a research team‐designed survey at a regularly scheduled clinic visit with the cardiac electrophysiologist at an academic medical center or offsite clinic. Descriptive statistics, Pearson χ2, and independent t‐tests were conducted.
Results: The study demonstrates important associations between race, gender, and age with patient preferences for support and education with regard to ICD care. African Americans preferred written materials (P = 0.006) and a phone call with the cardiologist (P =0.036). Women preferred an ICD support group (P = 0.023), a phone call with the device nurse (P = 0.027), and a professional counselor (P = 0.049). Women's choice to receive education from their cardiologist approached significance (P = 0.055). Patients ≤67 years of age preferred to receive support via an Internet chat room with other ICD patients (P =0.036), and to receive education via an Internet Web site (P = 0.022).
Conclusions: Findings suggest methods of providing better care to ICD patients by offering them support and educational materials in their preferred modality. These data can aid in optimizing clinical care. Incorporating assessments of individual preferences into future clinical trial design is desirable.
Bacillary angiomatosis
Authors: Lange Danica , Oeder Caroline , Waltermann Katharina , Mueller Anke , Oehme Albrecht , Rohrberg Robert , Marsch Wolfgang , Fischer Matthias 
Published: February 2009

SummaryAn infection with Bartonella henselae transmitted from domestic cats to humans by scratching normally leads to cat‐scratch disease. When the human host has severe immunosuppression or HIV infection, the potentially life‐threatening disease bacillary angiomatosis can develop. A 79‐year‐old man presented with livid‐erythematous, angioma‐like skin lesions. We considered a cutaneous infiltrate from his known chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Merkel cell carcinoma, cutaneous metastases of internal tumors, cutaneous sarcoidosis, mycobacterial infection and even atypical herpes simplex infection. The correct diagnosis was proven histologically and by PCR. Because of increasing numbers of immunosuppressed and HIV‐positive patients, as well as an infection rate of 13 % for B. henselae in domestic cats in Germany, one must be alert to the presence of bacillary angiomatosis.
Lessons from primary succession for restoration of severely damaged habitats
Authors: Walker Lawrence R. , del Moral Roger 
Published: February 2009

AbstractQuestions: How can studies of primary plant succession increase the effectiveness of restoration activities? Can restoration methods be improved to contribute to our understanding of succession?Results: Successional studies benefit restoration in six areas: site amelioration, development of community structure, nutrient dynamics, species life history traits, species interactions, and modeling of transitions and trajectories. Primary succession provides valuable lessons for understanding temporal dynamics through direct, long‐term observations on severely disturbed habitats. These lessons assist restoration efforts on infertile or even toxic substrates. Restoration that uses scientific protocols (e.g., control treatments and peer‐reviewed publications) can offer insights into successional processes.Conclusions: A century of studying successional dynamics has provided modern restoration activities with many useful lessons that are not being fully utilized.
The decline of metallophyte vegetation in floodplain grasslands: Implications for conservation and restoration
Authors: Lucassen Esther C.H.E.T. , Eygensteyn Jelle , Bobbink Roland , Smolders Alfons J.P. , Van de Riet Bas P. , Kuijpers Dimphy J.C. , Roelofs Jan G.M. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractQuestion: Which biogeochemical processes are responsible for the decline of endemic metallophyte vegetation in floodplain grasslands?Location: Floodplain grasslands along the River Geul (the Netherlands) and metalliferous mine spoils near the River Geul (Belgium).Methods: In order to find factors and soil processes that have caused a decline of metallophytes and an increase of pseudo‐metallophytes in floodplain grasslands, a soil study was done at locations currently and formerly dominated by metallophytes. In addition, changes in soil chemistry in recent decades in floodplain grasslands were investigated. Finally, a 2‐year plant growth experiment was performed in the field, to test the effects of improving soil conditions by topsoil removal.Results: Metallophytes only occur on acidic floodplain soils (pH‐H2O 5.0‐5.5) with relatively high Zn availability (total Zn >40 μmol g−1; Zn/Ca>0.8; Zn‐H2O>59 μmol kg−1) combined with low phosphate availability (Olsen‐P≪1250 μmol kg−1). The Olsen‐P and total Ca concentrations were relatively high in topsoil (0‐20 cm), while total Zn was high throughout the soil profile (0‐50 cm). Removal of topsoil led to recovery of P and Zn availability. Under the new soil conditions there was almost no growth and expansion of pseudo‐metalliferous grasses in time, wheras metallophytes easily established, maintained and reproduced with significant increases in cover over time.Conclusions: On a global scale, metallophyte vegetation types are increasingly under threat of extinction. Our study shows that factors leading to higher soil alkalinity inhibit Zn availability at the expense of the metallophyte vegetation. Factors leading to a higher Olsen‐P concentration stimulate the growth of more competitive pseudo‐metallophyte grasses. Both eutrophication and alkalinisation have contributed to the decline of metallophyte vegetation in floodplains of the River Geul. Removal of the alkaline‐ and phosphate‐enriched soil top layer restores the original soil chemistry and enables re‐colonisation by the metallophyte vegetation. The results can be applied in conservation and restoration strategies for such sites.
The effect of restoration techniques on non‐target species: case studies in moorland ecosystems
Authors: Mitchell R.J. , Rose R.J. , Palmer S.C.F. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractQuestions:What is the impact on non‐target species of restoration methods to establishCalluna vulgarison grass‐dominated moorlands?Location:ANardus stricta‐dominated moorland in Wales and aMolinia caerulea‐dominated moorland in Northern England, UK.Methods:Two replicated experiments were established on grass‐dominated moorlands. The treatments comprised disturbance (rotavation and trampling by animals), addition ofCallunaseed, and three different grazing regimes, together with a no grazing control.Results:The creation of bare ground and addition of seed increased the establishment of the desired dominant shrub,Calluna vulgaris. In theNardussward, rotavation and trampling were equally successful in establishingCalluna, but rotavation was more successful in theMoliniasward. Rotavation inhibited the growth of competitive grass species better than trampling. However, the disturbance techniques were detrimental to other components of the plant community, causing a decline in the cover of desirable species such asVaccinium myrtillusand other dwarf shrub species and a small increase in the occurrence of undesirable species such asJuncus effusus. Grazing also controlled competitive grass species:Festuca ovinadecreased in cover at a grazing intensity of 1.5 ewes/ha;Molinia caeruleaandAgrostisspp. declined when cattle were included in the grazing regime, but increased in cover when ungrazed or when grazed at 1.5 ewes/ha.Conclusions:When restoration concentrates on the establishment of one or a few species, it is important to monitor how the techniques used affect the rest of the plant community – particularly with regard to losses of desirable species or increases in undesirable species.
Factors affecting the motivation for dental check‐ups and anxiety in the elderly in Tokyo
Authors: Takehara Sachiko , Shimoyama Kazuhiro 
Published: February 2009

Objectives:  The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing the motivation for regular dental check‐ups and anxiety about future dental problems in the elderly.Background:  Regular dental check‐ups are important to maintain oral health. Anxiety affects the quality of life of the elderly. However, few studies have investigated the factors influencing the motivation for regular dental check‐ups and anxiety in the elderly.Materials and methods:  Among 452 elderly persons, 215 participants provided useful answers to our questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of items concerning oral and living conditions of the subjects. Logistic regression analysis was conducted.Results:  The mean age of the study sample was 75.7 ± 5.8 years. The percentage of edentulous subjects was 12.1%. The motivation for regular dental check‐ups was significantly positively correlated with the number of teeth present (p < 0.01), using inter‐dental brushes (p < 0.01), being on regular prescribed medication (p < 0.05), and having experience of providing oral care for the bedridden (p < 0.05). Anxiety about future oral problems was significantly associated with self‐rated health status (p < 0.01) and the presence of dentists who could be counted on to provide domiciliary visits (p < 0.05).Conclusion:  The participants of this study had a high motivation for regular dental check‐ups, but were concerned about the future, particularly if they became bedridden.
The role of anti‐PAc (361–386) peptide SIgA antibody in professional oral hygiene of the elderly
Authors: Inaba Erika , Uematsu Hiroshi , Nishiyama Yoshihide , Watanabe Haruo , Senpuku Hidenobu 
Published: February 2009

Objective:  Measurement of salivary IgA antibody (PAc‐peptide antibody, PPA) to amino acid residues 361–386 of Streptococcus mutans PAc, which possess a multiple binding motif to various HLA‐DR molecules and a B‐cell epitope that recognises the inhibiting antibody to S. mutans, is an indicator for the population numbers of mutans streptococci (MS) in human saliva. The purpose of this study was to clarify the role of PPA in infection control of MS after professional oral hygiene care.Materials and methods:  Thirty‐nine dependently living institutionalised elderly subjects (75.9 ± 7.5 years; 10 males, 29 females) participated in the study. The measurements of PPA, MS, total streptococci (TS) and lactobacilli (LB) were performed by ELISA and culture techniques from saliva, plaque and tongue samples from the elderly.Results:  After treatment using professional oral care, the numbers of MS decreased significantly at 6 months in saliva and tongue samples from the group not having PPA in comparison with the primary data; whereas in the PPA‐detected group, a significant decrease in MS number was shown immediately following professional care at 1–12 months in all samples. There was little difference in the numbers of LB at any of the time points. The numbers of TS decreased rapidly in PPA‐not detected group in comparison with the PPA‐detected group.Conclusion:  PPA may be more effective for controlling MS number in the oral cavity after professional treatment. The measurement of PPA may be used for preventive instruction to dental caries at the chair side in the clinical setting.
‘Apparitions, and Ghosts’: H(a)unting Donne's Letters
Authors: Hester M. Thomas 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper is part of a Literature Compass panel cluster on the forthcoming Oxford edition of Donne's letters.Margaret Maurer introduces the cluster which offers papers by the three editors and seeks to examine the new directions the edition will pursue. The papers were originally delivered to the members of the John Donne Society in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, in February 2008.The cluster is made up of the following articles:‘The Oxford Edition of Donne's Letters: Well Underway’, Margaret Maurer, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00598.x.‘“Apparitions, and Ghosts”: H(a)unting Donne's Letters’, M. Thomas Hester, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00599.x.‘“Only in Obedience” to Whom? – The Identity of a Donne Correspondent’, Dennis Flynn, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00600.x.‘Problems in Editing John Donne's Letters: Unreliable Primary Materials’, Ernest W. Sullivan, II, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00601.x.***One way in which we might (in part) approach the problem of establishing the canon of Donne's familiar letters is indicated through a brief review of two of what Donne called his epistolary ‘apparitions, and ghosts’– letters lacking ‘a convenient handsome body of news. . . . spun out of nothing’ (Letters 121), two letters, that is, that lack (or at first hand seem to lack) any substantial internal data beyond their style that would identify them as Donne's: (a) his problematic letter ‘To the Lady G.’ (first printed in Marriott's 1635 Poems); and (b) the transcription of the unsigned, unaddressed, and undated ‘I promised a iorney’ in the even more problematic ‘Burley MS’. An examination of the approach of both nineteenth‐ and twentieth‐century readings of the first letter provides an example of how we can determine Donne's authorship of the second letter through particular attention to the style of these two representative letters.
‘Only in Obedience’ to Whom? – The Identity of a Donne Correspondent
Authors: Flynn Dennis 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper is part of a Literature Compass panel cluster on the forthcoming Oxford edition of Donne's letters.Margaret Maurer introduces the cluster which offers papers by the three editors and seeks to examine the new directions the edition will pursue. The papers were originally delivered to the members of the John Donne Society in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, in February 2008.The cluster is made up of the following articles:‘The Oxford Edition of Donne's Letters: Well Underway’, Margaret Maurer, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00598.x.‘“Apparitions, and Ghosts”: H(a)unting Donne's Letters’, M. Thomas Hester, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00599.x.‘“Only in Obedience” to Whom? – The Identity of a Donne Correspondent’, Dennis Flynn, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00600.x.‘Problems in Editing John Donne's Letters: Unreliable Primary Materials’, Ernest W. Sullivan, II, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00601.x.***Work on the Oxford edition so far confirms that fifteen of the letters transcribed in the Burley manuscript are Donne's; most of their addressees have been established, and most of them have been dated within a period of about five years, in the late 1590s and early 1600s. In particular, this essay discusses the letter beginning ‘Only in obedience I send you my Paradoxes’– long thought to have been addressed by Donne to Henry Wotton. Though the matter has long been controverted, various evidence now suggests that this letter was instead addressed to Sir Henry Goodere.
Involuntary Metrics and the Physiology of Memory
Authors: Miller Ashley 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis article is part of a cluster that draws material from the recent conference Metre Matters: New Approaches to Prosody, 1780–1914. It comprises an introduction by Jason David Hall and six articles presented at the conference, whose aim was to address renewed scholarly interest in versification and form across the long nineteenth century, as well as some of the methodologies underpinning it. The papers included in the cluster look both to the minutiae of Romantic and Victorian metres and to their cultural intertexts. The conference, hosted by the University of Exeter's Centre for Victorian Studies, was held 3–5 July 2008.The cluster is made up of the following articles: Jason David Hall, ‘Metre, History, Context: Introduction to the Metre Matters Cluster’.Emma Mason and Rhian Williams, ‘Reciprocal Scansion in Wordsworth's “There Was a Boy” ’.Ross Wilson, ‘Robert Browning's Compounds’.Margaret A. Loose, ‘The Internationalism of Ernest Jones's Dialectical Prosody’.Nancy Jiwon Cho, ‘Gender and Authority in British Women Hymn‐Writers’ Use of Metre, 1760–1900’.Ashley Miller, ‘Involuntary Metrics and the Physiology of Memory’.Summer Star, ‘ “For the Inscape's Sake”: Sounding the Self in the Metres of Gerard Manley Hopkins’.***Metre has played a prominent role in the recent turn towards embodiment in criticism of nineteenth‐century poetry. The regular rhythms of poetry have an effect on the reader's body, both echoing the rhythms of the heart and assisting in the process of memorization. But what happens when metre is missing or disrupted? This paper examines the relationship between poetry and physiological memory, extending our understanding of poetry's impact on the body. In theories of the physiology of memory and hallucination, poetry becomes irregular but autonomous, subsuming the reader's body to its own textuality. Similarly, irregular metre (as in Coleridge's Christabel) promotes a kind of involuntary repetition – which is tied, in these studies, to the materiality of print.
Effect of sowing date and straw mulch on virus incidence and aphid infestation in organically grown faba beans (Vicia faba)
Authors: Saucke H. , Juergens M. , Döring T.F. , Fittje S. , Lesemann D.E. , Vetten H.J. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe effect of sowing date on aphid infestation and the incidence of aphid‐transmitted viruses were investigated in organically managed, small‐scale field experiments with two faba bean cultivars over 3 years (2002–04). As an additional factor, straw mulch was applied in 2 of the 3 years shortly before the start of vector activity in May. Virus incidence was determined using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and immunoelectron microscopy. Aphid flight activity was monitored using standard yellow water traps. Bean colonising aphids were assessed throughout the vegetation period by counting the number of plants infested with Acyrthosiphon pisum, Megoura viciae and Aphis fabae. Pea enation mosaic virus and bean yellow mosaic virus were the most abundant aphid‐transmitted viruses, being detected in 22–54% and 9–69%, respectively, of the total number of virus‐infected plants analysed per year. Further aphid‐transmitted viruses found in faba bean were bean leaf roll virus, beet western yellows virus, clover yellow vein virus (in 2002) and soybean dwarf virus (in 2004). A. pisum was the predominant aphid species colonising faba bean plants. Early sowing compared with late sowing led to a significant reduction of the total virus incidence in faba bean in all 3 years. However, significantly decreased levels of A. pisum colonisation as a result of early sowing were observed only in 1 year and one cultivar. Irrespective of sowing date, straw mulching had no significant effects on virus incidence and aphid colonisation. Compared with late sowing, early sowing significantly increased bean yield in all 3 years and kernel weight in 2 years, whereas straw mulching had no effect on yield.
The latex capacity of opium poppy capsules is fixed early in capsule development and is not a major determinant in morphine yield
Authors: Harvest T. , Brown P.H. , Fist A. , Gracie A. , Gregory D. , Koutoulis A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis study found that the latex capacity (mg latex mg−1 dry weight capsule) of opium poppy capsules is fixed early in capsule development. Latex capacity, which represents the proportion of the capsule wall allocated to laticifers (specialised cells for latex storage), had peaked in the capsule at 1 week after flowering. In contrast, the morphine content of capsules continued to increase with capsule development until commercial harvest. Morphine content was correlated with capsule mass and total latex mass, but there was no correlation between latex capacity and morphine yield. The most important morphological characteristic in terms of morphine end yield (commercial harvest stage) was capsule mass. The findings of this study demonstrate that although latex yield per plant is a highly heritable morphological characteristic, it may have limited potential for use in a breeding strategy aimed at increasing the morphine yield from capsules.
Surveys reveal the occurrence of phytoplasmas in plants at different geographical locations in Peru
Authors: Hodgetts J. , Chuquillangui C. , Muller G. , Arocha Y. , Gamarra D. , Pinillos O. , Velit E. , Lozada P. , Boa E. , Boonham N. , Mumford R. , Barker I. , Dickinson M. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractTwo independent surveys were performed in Peru during February and November 2007 to detect the presence of phytoplasmas within any crops showing symptoms resembling those caused by phytoplasmas. Molecular identifications and characterisations were based on phytoplasma 16S and 23S rRNA genes using nested PCR and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T‐RFLP). The surveys indicated that phytoplasmas were present in most of the locations sampled in Peru in both cultivated crops, including carrots, maize, native potatoes, improved potato, tomato, oats, papaya and coconut, and in other plants such as dandelion and the ornamental Madagascar periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus). Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences confirmed that while most of the isolates belong to the 16SrI aster yellows group, which is ubiquitous throughout other parts of South America, one isolate from potato belongs to the 16SrII peanut witches’ broom group, and one isolate from tomato and one from dandelion belong to the 16SrIII X‐disease group. The use of T‐RFLP was validated for the evaluation of phytoplasma‐affected field samples and provided no evidence for mixed infection of individual plants with more than one phytoplasma isolate. These data represent the first molecular confirmation of the presence of phytoplasmas in a broad range of crops in Peru.