bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extensions of the Coalescent Effective Population Size
Authors: Wakeley John , Sargsyan Ori 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
We suggest two extensions of the coalescent effective population size of Sjödin et al. (2005) and make a third, practical point. First, to bolster its relevance to data and allow comparisons between models, the coalescent effective size should be recast as a kind of mutation effective size. Second, the requirement that the coalescent effective population size must depend linearly on the actual population size should be lifted. Third, even if the coalescent effective population size does not exist in the mathematical sense, it may be difficult to reject Kingman's coalescent using genetic data.
Is the Use of Biodegradable Devices in the Operative Treatment of Avulsion Fractures of Fingers, the So-Called Mallet Finger Advantageous? A Feasibility Study with Meniscus Arrows®
Authors: Nelis R , Wouters D.B 
Published: November 2008

Purpose:
Treatment of Mallet fingers or fractures remains a controversial topic. No evident preference can be distilled from the reports of the clinical results obtained by conservative treatment with splints and internal fixation. If operative treatment is indicated, several techniques can be used. However, each technique has disadvantages like the risk of comminution of the fragment, the risk of infection and necrosis, a demanding operative technique and-or the necessity of removing the metallic devices. This can be avoided by the use of biodegradable devices. The purpose of this feasibility study was to evaluate the outcome of internal fixation of a Mallet fracture with a biodegradable device, the Meniscus Arrow®.

Methods:
We treated nine consecutive patients with a Mallet fracture by fixation of the fragment with a biodegradable Meniscus Arrow®, at this moment the smallest device available, with an average operation time of 14 minutes.

Results:
Postoperatively, no complications were found. All patients were satisfied by the results after surgery, with a restored range of motion in the distal interphalangeal joint as previously and good alignment with full consolidation of all fractures at radiological evaluation.

Conclusions:
The operative treatment of bony mallet fingers with the Meniscus Arrow® is a fast procedure without complications in our prospective series of nine patients and without the need of a second operation to remove the implant.
Incidence of Lower-Limb Amputation in the Diabetic and Nondiabetic General Population
Authors: Johannesson Anton , Larsson Gert-Uno , Ramstrand Nerrolyn , Turkiewicz Aleksandra , Wiréhn Ann-Britt , Atroshi Isam 
Published: November 2008

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence of vascular lower-limb amputation (LLA) in the diabetic and nondiabetic general population.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A population-based cohort study was conducted in a representative Swedish region. All vascular LLAs (at or proximal to the transmetatarsal level) performed from 1997 through 2006 were consecutively registered and classified into initial unilateral amputation, contralateral amputation, or reamputation. The incidence rates were estimated in the diabetic and nondiabetic general population aged ≥45 years.
RESULTS—During the 10-year period, LLA was performed on 62 women and 71 men with diabetes and on 79 women and 78 men without diabetes. The incidence of initial unilateral amputation per 100,000 person-years was 192 (95% CI 145–241) for diabetic women, 197 (152–244) for diabetic men, 22 (17–26) for nondiabetic women, and 24 (19–29) for nondiabetic men. The incidence increased from the age of 75 years. Of all amputations, 74% were transtibial. The incidences of contralateral amputation and of reamputation per 100 amputee-years in diabetic women amputees were 15 (7–27) and 16 (8–28), respectively; in diabetic men amputees 18 (10–29) and 21 (12–32); in nondiabetic women amputees 14 (7–24) and 18 (10–28); and in nondiabetic men amputees 13 (6–22) and 24 (15–35).
CONCLUSIONS—In the general population aged ≥45 years, the incidence of vascular LLA at or proximal to the transmetatarsal level is eight times higher in diabetic than in nondiabetic individuals. One in four amputees may require contralateral amputation and/or reamputation.
Transmission resonance for a Dirac particle in a one-dimensional Hulthén potential
Authors: Guo Jianyou , Yu Yi , Jin Shaowei 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
We have solved exactly the two-component Dirac equation in the presence of a spatially one-dimensional Hulthén potential, and presented the Dirac spinors of scattering states in terms of hypergeometric functions. We have derived the reflection and transmission coefficients using the matching condition on the wavefunctions, and investigated the condition for the existence of transmission resonance. Furthermore, we have demonstrated how the transmission resonance depends on the shape of the potential.
Ionization effects and linear stability in a coaxial plasma device
Authors: Kurt Erol , Kurt Hilal , Bayhan Ulku 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
A 2-D computer simulation of a coaxial plasma device depending on the conservation equations of electrons, ions and excited atoms together with the Poisson equation for a plasma gun is carried out. Some characteristics of the plasma focus device (PF) such as critical wave numbers a
c and voltages U
c in the cases of various pressures Pare estimated in order to satisfy the necessary conditions of traveling particle densities (i.e. plasma patterns) via a linear analysis. Oscillatory solutions are characterized by a nonzero imaginary part of the growth rate $$
\Im
$$(σ) for all cases. The model also predicts the minimal voltage ranges of the system for certain pressure intervals.
Gazeau-Klauder type coherent states for hypergeometric type operators
Authors: Cotfas Nicolae 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
Hypergeometric type operators are shape invariant, and a factorization into a product of first order differential operators can be explicitely described in the general case. Some additional shape invariant operators depending on several parameters are defined in a natural way by starting from this general factorization. The mathematical properties of the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the operators thus obtained depend on the values of the parameters involved. We study the parameter dependence of orthogonality, square integrability and monotony of the eigenvalue sequence. The results obtained allow us to define certain systems of Gazeau-Klauder type coherent states and to describe some of their properties. Our systematic study recovers a number of well-known results in a natural, unified way and also leads to new findings.
Serum neopterin in workers exposed to inorganic dust containing free crystalline silicon dioxide
Authors: Prakova Gospodinka , Gidikova Pavlina , Slavov Emil , Sandeva Gergana , Stanilova Spaska 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
The study was conducted among 92 male workers, divided into two groups depending on workplace and level of inorganic dust containing free crystalline SiO2 in the work environment, and 43 healthy workers without exposure to dust aerosols. The measured inhalable and respirable dust concentrations, as well as the concentration of free crystalline silica (FCS) in the respirable fraction were different for the two groups, but the percentage of free crystalline silica in the respirable fraction was almost identical. Significantly higher neopterin levels were found in workers exposed to dust, compared to the control group: 12.72 nmol/L and 6.32 nmol/L respectively (p<0.05). No significant difference was found between serum neopterin levels in both groups of the exposed workers. Among the groups with different length of service, a statistically higher neopterin level was evident only in the workers with length of service less than 10 years (p<0.05). The correlation analysis did not find a significant dependence of neopterin levels on the age of the studied workers or on the duration of smoking in packet years. The difference between neopterin levels in smokers and non-smokers was nonsignificant. The results obtained show that increased neopterin levels in the exposed workers are not influenced by individual features, duration and level of exposure to inorganic dust, but mostly by the presence of FCS in the respirable fraction.
The Multicolor Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization (mFISH) Homepage
Authors: Liehr T 
Published: November 2008

The Multicolor Fluorescencein SituHybridization (mFISH) HomepageMulticolor fluorescencein situhybridization (mFISH) assays are essential for a precise description of chromosomal rearrangements. Routine application of such techniques on human chromosomes started in 1996 with the simultaneous use of all 24 human whole chromosome painting probes in multiplex-FISH (M-FISH) and spectral karyotyping (SKY), even though the principle of mFISH was reported in 1989. Numerous approaches for chromosomal differentiation based on mFISH assays have been established, predominantly, to characterize marker chromosomes, but also in evolutionary biology, nuclear architecture, zoology and botany. The mFISH Homepage, which reviews all available literature at http://www.med. uni-jena.de/fish/mFISH/mFISHlit.htm will be introduced here.
Primer on disability: Why accessibility is important for all medical physicists
Authors: Jones Lindsay E. , Eliason Grace , Gupta Shivani , Jeong Elizabeth G. , Besemer Abigail , Sterling David A. , Fagerstrom Jessica M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDisability and accessibility remain under‐addressed topics despite the increasing prevalence of disabled people in the workforce. In the field of medical physics, there is growing evidence that the proportion of people with one or more disabilities mirrors that of the US population. Addressing disability and accessibility is a crucial facet of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine's 2018 strategic goal to “champion equity, diversity, and inclusion in the field of medical physics.” This review aims to provide guidance on disability‐related topics in the context of the medical physics profession. An overview of current knowledge and recommendations is provided on essential topics such as how to comply with federal law, handle accommodation requests, and discuss disability using appropriate language. To that end, background information such as definitions, models, and classifications of disability is included. Beyond the essentials, this review also applies disability‐related concepts to improve overall efficiency and productivity, attract diverse talent, and demonstrate leadership as an individual or organization.
A semi‐supervised domain adaptation method with scale‐aware and global‐local fusion for abdominal multi‐organ segmentation
Authors: Han Kexin , Lou Qiong , Lu Fang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundAbdominal multi‐organ segmentation remains a challenging task. Semi‐supervised domain adaptation (SSDA) has emerged as an innovative solution. However, SSDA frameworks based on UNet struggle to capture multi‐scale and global information.PurposeOur work aimed to propose a novel SSDA method to achieve more accurate abdominal multi‐organ segmentation with limited labeled target domain data, which has a superior ability to capture the multi‐scale features and integrate local and global information effectively.MethodsThe proposed network is based on UNet. In the encoder part, a scale‐aware with domain‐specific batch normalization (SAD) module is integrated to adaptively extract multi‐scale features and to get better generalization across source and target domains. In the bottleneck part, a global‐local fusion (GLF) module is utilized for capturing and integrating both local and global information. They are integrated into the framework of self‐ensembling mean‐teacher (SE‐MT) to enhance the model's capability to learn common features across source and target domains.ResultsTo validate the performance of the proposed model, we evaluated it on the public CHAOS and BTCV datasets. For CHAOS, the proposed method obtains an average DSC of 88.97% and ASD of 1.12 mm with only 20% labeled target data. For BTCV, it achieves an average DSC of 88.95% and ASD of 1.13 mm with 20% labeled target data. Compared with the state‐of‐the‐art methods, DSC and ASD increased by at least 0.72% and 0.33 mm on CHAOS, 1.29% and 0.06 mm on BTCV, respectively. Ablation studies were also conducted to verify the contribution of each component of the model. The proposed method achieves a DSC improvement of 3.17% over the baseline with 20% labeled target data.ConclusionThe proposed SSDA method for abdominal multi‐organ segmentation has a powerful ability to extract multi‐scale and more global features, significantly improving segmentation accuracy and robustness.
Data‐Driven Adaptive Control With Global Sliding Behavior: A Dynamic Parametrization Approach
Authors: Sun Mingxuan , Zou Shengxiang , Li Wei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this article, the problem of data‐driven adaptive control is addressed for a general class of non‐linear systems. Input/output difference representation is provided for the system undertaken, with which dynamic parametrization is applied for handling the involved non‐linearity. By underlining finite difference principle, this article proposes a design method of data‐driven adaptive control with guaranteed global sliding behavior, through estimation for the time‐varying parameters and compensation for the prediction error. The sliding behavior characterization is presented through an assessment of the resultant closed‐loop system by power‐rate rule. The derivations for the absolute attracting layer, steady‐state error band, and monotone decreasing region of the error dynamics are presented in detail. Numerical simulation is carried out to examine the error behavior and validate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
All‐In‐One Double Perovskite Flexible Film with Highly Efficient Warm‐White Emission, Near‐Infrared Emission, and X‐Ray Radioluminescence
Authors: Peng Hui , Huang Wenjie , Kong Linghang , Yu Shuiyue , Zou Bingsuo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRecently, lead‐free double perovskites have gained much attention for their superior optoelectronic properties. However, realizing efficient white light and near‐infrared (NIR) emission, as well as bright radioluminescence (RL) in a single compound has not yet been reported. Herein, Bi3+/Mo4+‐codoped Cs2Ag0.6Na0.4InCl6 double perovskite is synthesized by a hydrothermal reaction. Under photoexcitation, the codoped compound exhibits highly efficient broadband warm‐white emission (610 nm) and NIR emission (930 nm), which can be attributed to self‐trapped exciton emission of Bi3+ and d–d transition of Mo4+, respectively. Interestingly, Bi3+/Mo4+‐codoped Cs2Ag0.6Na0.4InCl6 also emits strong radioluminescence with a light yield of 25100 photons per MeV under X‐ray irradiation. Based on Bi3+/Mo4+‐codoped Cs2Ag0.6Na0.4InCl6/PDMS flexible film, its applications in white light emitting diodes (WLED), NIR light source, and X‐ray scintillator are demonstrated, respectively, all of which exhibit remarkable optoelectronic properties. Finally, the as‐fabricated devices in white light, NIR, and X‐ray imaging are further demonstrated respectively, and the pixel‐level white light, NIR, and X‐ray image fusion is realized without pixel mismatch and complex imaging processing. Therefore, the internal information of the capsule wrapped with centrifuge tube and iron wire is successfully demonstrated through X‐ray to NIR image fusion.
Ultra‐Elastic, Durable, Bio‐Degradable, and Recyclable Pulp Foam as an Air Dielectric Substitute for Sustainable Capacitive Pressure Sensing
Authors: Cheng Na , Liu Chao , Gao Yufa , Wu Meiyan , Yu Guang , Chen Chaoji , Rahmaninia Mehdi , Shen Jing , Li Bin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractGreen carbon‐based cellulosic pulp foams with excellent renewable and biodegradable properties are promising alternatives to traditional petroleum‐based lightweight materials, for reducing carbon emission and plastic pollution. However, the fabrication of super‐elastic and durable pulp‐based foams for high‐value utilization remains challenging. Herein, a novel composite bio‐foam material is prepared by a simple strategy of wet foaming and ionically cross‐linking. The obtained foam assembled by cellulosic pulp fibers and polylactic acid (PLA) fibers at atmospheric pressure shows an oriented lamellar structure with interconnected macropores and super‐elastic property. The prepared PLA@Pulp‐20 foam shows a high compressive strain of up to 90% with the maximum stress of 150 kPa, while retaining ≈91% of its original height even after 30 000 compressive cycles (far superior to the reported pulp‐based foams with compressive cycles <10). Furthermore, the foam exhibits outstanding recyclability and stability in a wide range of temperature and humidity. Remarkably, the potential application of PLA@Pulp foam as a dielectric layer for capacitive sensors is first demonstrated because of its electrical non‐conductivity, and low dielectric constant (comparable to air). The corresponding device achieves non‐contact touch or contact touch sensing, demonstrating highly attractive performance in sustainable super‐elastic pressure sensing, monitoring, and beyond.
Direct Integration of Biomass‐Derived Furan Polymers for Enhanced Stability and Efficiency in Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Lin Zilu , Li Yujia , Das Maloy , Liang Caihong , Xiao Xingchi , Yen Zhihao , Kulshreshtha Chandramouli , Chia Wei Min Luke , Lim Junan Aren , N'konou Kekeli , Sum Tze Chien , Mathews Nripan , Grimsdale Andrew C. , Ng Leonard W. T. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study introduces a novel, biomass‐derived, furan‐based conjugated polymer, PBDF‐DFC, enabling a simplified direct precursor integration fabrication method for hybrid perovskite solar cells (HPSCs). Unlike traditional thiophene‐based polymers, PBDF‐DFC exhibits high solubility in perovskite precursor solvents, allowing direct incorporation into the precursor solution. This direct precursor integration approach significantly streamlines the fabrication process, reducing steps and potentially lowering production costs. The PBDF‐DFC‐modified HPSCs achieves a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.39%, a 7.8% improvement over the 19.84% PCE of control devices. Moreover, these devices demonstrates enhanced stability under various environmental stresses, retaining 90% of their initial efficiency after over 1100 h of storage compared to 52% for control devices. X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy analyses reveals that PBDF‐DFC accumulates at grain boundaries, improving film crystallization and reducing defects. This dual innovation of a new polymer and simplified fabrication process presents a promising pathway for more efficient, stable, and potentially more sustainable HPSCs. The successful integration of PBDF‐DFC and the direct precursor integration method opens new avenues for streamlined production of high‐performance perovskite solar cells, addressing key challenges in scalability and environmental impact.
Tough and Elastic Anisotropic Triboelectric Materials Enabled by Layer‐by‐Layer Assembly
Authors: Liu Tao , Zhao Zhuo , Liang Rongrong , He Huanjie , Liu Yanhua , Yu Kang , Chi Mingchao , Luo Bin , Wang Jinlong , Zhang Song , Cai Chenchen , Wang Shuangfei , Nie Shuangxi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe synergistic integration of elastic porous material with self‐powered sensing capabilities holds immense promise for smart wearable devices. However, the intrinsic contradiction between elasticity and strength has hindered the mechanical performance of elastic porous materials. This research reports a diffusion‐driven layer‐by‐layer assembly strategy to enhance the mechanical strength of elastic porous materials. As a prerequisite, the anisotropic layered structure of natural materials is leveraged to endow the porous material with fundamental elasticity. Subsequently, vacuum and chemically‐assisted enhanced solvent diffusion are sequentially employed to assemble conductive and elastic layers on cellulose from the inside out. This endows the triboelectric material (TM) with exceptional mechanical properties (elastic strain range of 0–80%, compressive strength reaching 4.55 MPa). Utilizing the TM as a sensing material, a self‐powered sensor with a response time of 48 ms and a sensitivity of 0.57 kPa−1 is constructed. Moreover, the application of the sensor in a smart wearable helmet is demonstrated, enabling remote monitoring and traceability of head impact events. This research has overcome the incompatibility between the high strength and elasticity of porous materials and offers promising avenues for their utilization in smart wearable devices.
Polyphenol‐Modified Mg−Zn Layered Hydroxide‐Contained Microneedle Patch Enhance Mucosal Repair by Remolding Diabetic Oral Microenvironment
Authors: Liu Haibo , Sun Zhongyi , Yin Mengting , Ru Jing , Liu Xiaohao , Chen Ziyan , Liu Yating , Sun Wang , Zheng Longpo , Zhao Xinyu , Chen Feng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDiabetic oral ulcers pose a significant challenge in healing due to persistent inflammation. Despite local therapeutic interventions remaining the primary mode of treatment, the dynamic nature of the oral cavity, characterized by continuous muscular activity and salivary secretion, poses barriers to sustained drug retention and thereby limits therapeutic efficacy. To address this issue, an approach has been devised that aims to facilitate transdermal delivery of bioactive components to promote the healing of diabetic oral ulcers. A multifunctional soluble microneedle (MN) patch is prepared using γ‐polyglutamic acid (γ‐PGA), which is loaded with quercetin (Qu)‐modified Mg−Zn layered hydroxide salt (LHS) nanosheets (LHSQ) with anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial and pro‐angiogenic bioactivities to combat the diabetic oral ulcers. These findings demonstrate that the LHSQ‐loaded MN (LHSQ‐MN) patches are capable of effectively penetrating the oral mucosa. In a rat model of diabetic oral ulcers, the application of LHSQ‐MN patches is found to facilitate the establishment of regeneration sites, regulate the inflammatory microenvironment of damaged tissues, exhibit potent antibacterial effects, expedite the reconstitution of the mucosal epithelium, and accelerate ulcer healing through the promotion of angiogenesis. These outcomes highlight the potential of LHSQ‐MN patches as a promising therapeutic strategy for the management of oral ulcers in diabetic patients.
Necklace‐Structured PVA Sponges for Fast Bleeding Control in the Punctured Femoral Artery Hemorrhage
Authors: Wu Weihang , Huang Hongjian , Huang Zhicheng , Wang Qinghui , Huang Zongxuan , Zhang Hongwen , Chen Dongsheng , Wang Wen , Zhao Hu , Liu Haiqing , Zheng Baodong , Wang Yu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractUncontrollable hemorrhage from deep, narrow wounds poses a critical threat to life, as locating the bleeding arteries in such areas is challenging. Rapid bleeding control remains a significant challenge in pre‐hospital care. Herein, an injectable hemostatic device filled with disc‐like PVA sponges is developed for this objective. The pristine PVA sponge is strung as a necklace‐structured sponge loaded in a foldable injector. With a novel retraction mechanism, this self‐designed injector precisely deploys hemostatic sponges to deep bleeding sites, surpassing the XStatTM injector in design innovation. The PVA sponges' high porosity and unique porous structure allowed it for rapid shape recovery (<30 s) and good compressive strength. In the punctured wound, the swollen PVA sponges exert high compression to close the bleeding artery, resulting in fast‐bleeding control. In the pig groin femoral artery injury model, the PVA sponge treatment resulted in a 100% survival rate during a 2‐h hemostasis period, compared to a 33.3% survival rate in the cotton gauze control group. In addition, it can be easily taken out by a simple pulling. The easily applicable and removable necklace‐structured PVA sponge is a highly promising hemostat for punctured wounds.