bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TREATMENT OF ROSACEA: TOPICAL CLINDAMYCIN VERSUS ORAL TETRACYCLINE
Authors: WILKIN JONATHAN K. , DeWITT SUELLEN 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. A new topical antibiotic preparation, clindamycin in a lotion base, was compared with oral tetracycline in the treatment of rosacea. Forty‐three patients clinically diagnosed as having rosacea were examined in an investigator‐blinded study. Methods. Patients used topical clindamycin lotion applied twice daily or the usual oral dose of tetracycline hydrochloride (250 mg four times a day for 3 weeks, then 250 mg twice a day for the remaining 9 weeks). Patients’lesions were examined clinically at 3‐week intervals over a period of 12 weeks. Results. Topical clindamycin treatment produced similar clinical results to oral tetracycline and was superior in the eradication of pustules. Conclusions. These results show topical clindamycin in a lotion base to be a safe and effective alternative to oral tetracycline therapy in the treatment of rosacea.
EFFECT OF TOPICAL PAROMOMYCIN ON CELL‐MEDIATED IMMUNITY DURING CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS
Authors: FRANKENBURG SHOSHANA , GROSS ANAT , JONAS FLORY , KLAUS SIDNEY 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of topical paromomycin treatment on the development of immunity during cutaneous leishmaniasis. Methods. Three parameters of immunity were measured in the course of the disease: leishmanicidal effector activity, lymphocyte proliferation (cell‐mediated immunity), and antibody levels (humoral immunity). Peripheral blood specimens of 55 treated and 36 untreated patients were tested. Results. The main results of this study showed that there was a significant delay in the development of leishmanicidal effector activity and to a lesser extent also a delay in the development of antigen‐specific proliferative response in the treated compared with the untreated group. No difference was observed between the groups regarding the values achieved in the various tests. Conclusions. These results suggest that topical paromomycin treatment delays the development of cell‐mediated immunity but does not affect the levels of immunity that are eventually achieved.
IMMUNOHISTOLOGIC LOCALIZATION OF RAS P21 IN NORMAL, HYPERPLASTIC, AND NEOPLASTIC EPIDERMIS
Authors: INOHARA SHINICHI , KITANO YUKIO , SAGAMI SEICHIRO 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Ras p21, a ras oncogene product, plays an important role in tumorigenesis, proliferation, and differentiation in various tissues and cells. Methods. Using a monocolonal antibody raised against ras p21 (RASK 4), localization of ras p21 in normal epidermis and involved epidermis of various skin diseases was examined immunohistologically. Results. Ras p21 was not present in basal cells of normal epidermis or basaloid cells of basal cell epithelioma but was found almost evenly in the cytoplasm of squamous cells and granular cells. This suggests that ras p21 is concerned with differentiation of epidermal cells. The mode of distribution of ras p21 differed from one cell to another in epidermal cells that turned to malignancy. The distribution was uneven and irregular in the tumorous region on the whole. Conclusions. This result might possibly represent abnormal differentiation of epidermal cells that turned to malignancy, deviating from the regular mode of the distribution of ras p21, which is necessary for normal differentiation.
ACQUIRED PERFORATING DISEASE: REPORT OF NINE CASES
Authors: CHANG PATRICIA , FERNANDEZ VICTOR 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. A study of nine Guatemalan patients with acquired perforating disease associated with chronic renal failure, diagnosed at the Guatemalan Social Security Institute, General Hospital, during the period of January 1990 to March 1993, is presented (Table 1). Methods. A dermatological examination and skin biopsy were done on all patients. Results. Six of the patients were men and three were women; one case was associated with diabetes mellitus. Three of the patients were diagnosed as Kyrle‐like acquired perforating disease, and the other six as perforating folliculitis. The lesions were predominantly located in the lower extremities with hyperkeratotic papules and nodules; some of these were accompanied by pruritus and Koebner's phenomenon. Conclusion. The acquired perforating disease is a clinical cutaneous manifestation of chronic renal failure with or without treatment. The lesions can disappear spontaneously with stabilization of the renal damage.
MULTIPLE BOWEN'S DISEASE OF THE FINGERS ASSOCIATED WITH HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS TYPE 16
Authors: McGRAE JOHN D. , GREER CATHERINE E. , MANOS M. MICHELE 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. The occurrence of multiple Bowen's disease (bd) in skin away from the anogenital area is rare. In contrast, multiple lesions of bd involving the anogenital skin (bowenoid papulosis) are not so rare and have been found to associated with human papilloma virus (hpv) usually type 16. We encountered a patient with multiple BD of the fingers and endeavored to detect hpv in his lesions. Methods. Separate bd lesions from 3 fingers of the patient were investigated for the presence of hpv by means of the polymerase chain reaction, followed by dot blot hybridization. Other cases of bd with coexistent HPV infection excluding the anogenital area were collected from the literature for comparative study. Results
hpv type 16 was detected in each of the three finger lesions of bd. Twenty cases of hpv related bd involving sites other than the anogenital area were found in the literature. Three of these cases had multiple lesions. Conclusions. Review of the 4 cases with multiple hpv related nonanogenital bd and the 17 others with solitary lesions reveals predilection for the hands and feet (90%) and affinity for type 16 infection (81%). The lesions usually present as verrucous plaques.
SIGNIFICANCE OF PRE‐EXISTENT CONDITIONS IN BASAL CELL CARCINOMA ON THE LOWER EXTREMITIES
Authors: NOGITA TOSHITATSU , KAMIKAWA TOMOYUKI , KAWASHIMA MAKOTO 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBackground. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) rarely appears on the lower extremities; over 85% appear on the head and neck.Case Reports. Five patients had BCC on the lower extremity. Histologically, this was of the superficial type. One patient developed a lesion of actinic keratosis.Results. The presence of pre‐existent cutaneous changes of BCC arising on the lower extremities was studied. Among 40 tumors reported in Japan, 10 cases (25%) had pre‐existent cutaneous changes. This value is significantly higher than those of BCC over the whole body in both Japanese and Caucasian.Conclusions. Pre‐existent cutaneous changes, thus, are thought to be a possible etiologic factor in the pathogenesis of BCC on the lower extremities.
COSMETIC TATTOOING AS A TREATMENT OF PORT‐WINE STAINS
Authors: van der VELDEN EDDY M. , de JONG BERT D. , van der WALLE HENK B. , STOLZ ERNST , NAAFS BEN 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Medical treatment for port‐wine stains frequently is cosmetically unsatisfactory. An alternative possibility is cosmetic medical tattooing. Methods. By means of a traditional Japanese tattooing technique, five patients were treated in multiple sessions until the color of the lesion matched that of the surrounding skin. Results. The results were excellent, the skin texture remained normal, and the patients could discontinue cosmetic camouflage. Discussions. Cosmetic medical tattooing when carefully done is a valuable addition to the medical armamentarium and may replace more aggressive techniques.
CUTANEOUS B‐CELL LYMPHOMA CONSISTING OF LARGE CLEAVED CELLS WITH MULTILOBATED NUCLEI
Authors: NAGATANI TETSUO , MIYAZAWA MEGUMI , MATSUZAKI TOSHIKO , HAYAKAWA HIROKI , IEMOTO GAIJIRO , KIM SHU‐TAKU , ICHIYAMA SHINICHI , NAITO SHIZUO , BABA NAOKO , SUGIYAMA ASAMI , AIHARA MICHIKO , MIYAMOTO HIDEAKI , NAKAJIMA HIROSHI , SHIMOYAMA KIYOSHI 
Published: May 2007

A 65‐year‐old man was seen at the Ushioda Hospital in Au‐gust 1989, because of a 1‐month history of a tumor on the scalp. The tumor was excised and the diagnosis was malig‐nant lymphoma. The patient was then referred to our de‐partment in September 1989. Several nut‐sized lymph nodes wvepa‐b and m‐fepa for 2 months. Since then, the patient has been free of disease up to the time of writing, July 1992, a period of 2.5 years.Biopsy samples taken from the tumor on the scalp showed a monomorphous infiltrate of large lymphoid cells throughout the entire dermis and subcutis, with a definite clear zone (Fig.1). A high‐power view showed diffuse large lymphoid cell infiltration. Numerous mitotic figures were also seen. The lymphoid cells had multilobated nuclei and distinct nucleoli (Fig. 2).Monoclonal antibodies such as Leui (CD5), Leu2a (CD8), Leu3a (CD4), Leu4 (CD3), MT‐1 (CD43), Leu14 (CD22), LN1 (CDw75), and Leu26 (CD20), and polyclonal antibodies such as anti‐kappa, anti‐lambda, anti‐IgG, anti‐lgA, anti‐IgM, and anti‐lgD were purchased from commercial sources. Optimal dilutions of the monoclonal antibodies and heteroantisera were assessed beforehand by titration on suitable tissue samples. The antigens recognized by the monoclonal anti‐bodies and heteroantisera were investigated by either the avidin‐biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) method on cryostat sections or the peroxidase‐antiperoxidase complex (PAP) method on paraffin sections, as described elsewhere.1The immunologic properties of the infiltrating cells were determined using skin biopsied in August 1989, and October 1989. Large lymphoid cells, which formed the major popu‐lation of infiltrating cells, were positive for CD20, CD22, and HLA‐DR and negative for CD3, CD4, CD43, and CD45RO.From these findings the patient was diagnosed as hav‐ing primary cutaneous B‐cell lymphoma, diffuse large non‐cleaved cell type, as classified by the Working Formulation.2
MALIGNANT MELANOMA IN TURNER'S SYNDROME
Authors: GARE MEIR , ILAN YARON , SHERMAN YOAV , BEN‐CHETRIT ELDAD 
Published: May 2007

A 45‐year‐old woman presented with a 2‐week history of weakness with rapidly progressing abdominal distention. Two weeks previously she had an abdominal ultrasound that showed no evidence of ascites or malignant changes.The patient was known to suffer from Turner's syn‐drome 45XO/46XX and Hashimoto's thyroiditis for which she was treated with L‐thyroxine. She also had numerous nevi, some of which were biopsied recently and interpreted as having no malignant features.On admission, the patient complained of weakness and abdominal discomfort. She was of short stature and was pale. Her secondary sexual characteristics were fully devel‐oped. Many pigmented nevi were scattered over her skin, without clinical signs of malignant transformation. Fundo‐scopy showed no signs of malignancy in the choroid layer. The abdomen was tense and edematous. Breast examina‐tion was normal. An ECG and chest x‐rays were also within normal limits. Computerized tomography showed a large amount of fluid with small masses spreading in the peri‐toneal cavity. Aspiration of the abdominal fluid revealed ma‐lignant cells that stained positively with S‐100, melanoma‐specific antigens, and with Masson‐Fontana (Fig. 1).
IN SITU POROCARCINOMA: A CASE WITH MALIGNANT EXPRESSION IN CLEAR TUMOR CELLS
Authors: MIYASHITA MITSUO , SUZUKI HIROYUKI 
Published: May 2007

A healthy 84‐year‐old man visited our clinic with elevated lesions on the dorsal aspect of the left hand (Fig. 1). The previous year, he had been in a traffic accident in which he had received an injury to the hand. This injury had since repeatedly shown erosion, but the present lesions had appeared a month before the first clinic visit. These lesions consisted of a tumor, about 2 × 3 cm in size, with neighboring satellite nodules. They were asymptomatic, slightly reddish and yellowish, and had scales.Histopathologic examination revealed the following features: (1) a tongue‐like tumor mass connected to the epidermis. The tumor foci were localized in the epidermis, from which they were sharply demarcated. Cell infiltration and senile elastosis were found in the stroma. (2) The tumor consisted of deeper layers of basaloid cells and of superficial layers of large cells with clear cytoplasm (Fig. 2A). The clear tumor cells showed prominent cellular and nuclear atypia: they were disordered, of unequal size, had irregular chromatin straining, and were marked by mitotic figures and cell clumping (Fig. 2B). The basaloid cells showed nuclei that stained intensely with hematoxylin and displayed less prominent atypia than the clear cells. (3) On PAS staining of clear cells, PAS‐positive granules were digested with diastase. (4) Several duct‐like structures were seen in the tumor nests. The tumor cells seemed to be proceeding from outer cells around the lumen of these structures. (5) The basement membrane between the tumor and the dermis was intact. No invasion by tumor into the dermis was seen. These findings were all consistent with porocarcinoma in situ.Immunohistochemically, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) was strongly positive in the cell membrane of the clear cells. However, staining of basaloid cells was only weakly positive or negative (Fig. 3). These results and the previously reported results of EMA staining4 suggest that the appearance of the clear tumor cells in porocarcinoma indicate malignancy.
ORAL MINI‐PULSE THERAPY WITH BETAMETHASONE IN VITILIGO PATIENTS HAVING EXTENSIVE OR FAST‐SPREADING DISEASE
Authors: PASRICHA J. S. , KHAITAN BINOD K. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Systemic corticosteroids can arrest the progression of vitiligo and lead to repigmentation in a significant proportion of patients, but may also produce unacceptable side effects. To minimize the side effects, we tried a new approach using mini‐pulse therapy with betamethasone. Methods. Forty patients having extensive and/or fast‐spreading vitiligo were given 5 mg betamethasone/dexamethasone as a single oral dose after breakfast on 2 consecutive days per week. The response to treatment was evaluated by photographs taken every 2–4 months and recording the side effects. Results. Within 1–3 months, progression of the disease was arrested in 89% of the 36 patients having active disease, while 2 patients needed an increase in the dose to 7.5 mg per day to achieve complete arrest of lesions. Within 2–4 months, 80% of the patients started having spontaneous repigmentation of the existing lesions which progressed with continued treatment. The extent of repigmentation varied in different patients and even in different lesions in the same patient. It was less than 10% in 14 (35%) patients and almost complete (>90%) in three patients. The side effects included weight gain of 5 and 7 kg in two patients, mild headache in two patients, transitory general weakness for 2 days after the pulse in two patients, and bad taste in the mouth in three patients; 23 patients, including six children, had no side effects. Conclusions. Oral mini‐pulse therapy with betamethasone/dexamethasone seems to be an effective treatment modality to arrest the progression of vitiligo. It also induces spontaneous repigmentation. It deserves to be tried on a large scale to evaluate its advantages over the currently available methods of treatment.
HELISTAT ABSORBABLE COLLAGEN HEMOSTATIC SPONGES IN CUTANEOUS SURGERY IN HIV–1+ PATIENTS
Authors: SKELTON HENRY G. , SMITH KATHLEEN J. , TURIANSKY GEORGE , COUZZO DANIEL , LINDSTROM JILL , WELCH MARK L. , YEAGER JOSEF , WAGNER KENNETH F. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBackground. While biopsies are often required for adequate diagnosis of skin lesions in HIV–1 infected patients, these procedures result in the possible exposure of medical personnel to blood and contaminated instruments. To reduce exposure of medical personnel to contaminated needles we have used collagen sponges instead of sutures to control bleeding from punch biopsy sites in HIV–1 infected patients.Methods. A collagen sponge was placed in all punch biopsy sites in HIV–1 infected patients. In cases where there was clinical evidence of local infection the sponges were removed 5–6 minutes after hemostasis was obtained.Results. In over 500 biopsies in which Helistat collagen sponges were used, there have been no cases of secondary infection, and there have been no delays in healing.Conclusions. We believe that the use of these sponges provides a high degree of safety for the physician, which may assure that the commonly atypical clinical lesions seen in HIV–1 disease are biopsied. In addition, these sponges provide hemostasis, particularly significant in this patient population, and convenience, without a significant risk of secondary infection, and may provide some benefit in healing.
CUTANEOUS MYIASIS CAUSED BY LARVAE OE CORDYLOBIA ANTHROPOPHAGA (BLANCHARD)
Authors: VERALDI STEFANO , BRUSASCO ALBERTO , SUSS LUCIANO 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Cordylobia anthropophaga (Blanchard) is a nonhematophagous dipteron belonging to the Calliphoridae family. It produces a mylasis called “tumbu fly” or “ver de Cayor” or “mango fly” or “skin maggot fly.” Case Reports. We describe two women, 24 and 23 years of age, affected by cutaneous myiasis caused by the larva of Cordylobia anthropophaga. In both cases the myiasis was contracted in Senegal and was characterized by a single lesion localized to the flank and the thigh respectively. From each of these lesions a single larva was extracted. Discussion. This myiasis represents a typical example of tropical disease that In the past was unknown to Western dermatologists.
TOPICAL PHENYTOIN IN WOUND HEALING
Authors: PENDSE ARVIND K. , SHARMA AKHILESH , SODANI ASHA , HADA SUMAN 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Phenytoin, introduced in 1937 as an antiseizure medication, has since been reported to promote wound healing when applied as a topical agent. This study was undertaken to evaluate its effectiveness in chronic skin ulcers. Methods. Seventy‐five inpatients with chronic skin ulcers were included in this controlled trial. Forty patients were treated with topical phenytoin, and 35 patients with conventional saline dressings. Assessment of the wounds included wound area, bacteriologic cultures, and clinical assessment by blind observers at baseline and every 7 days thereafter over the 4‐week treatment period. Results. Wound area reduction was greater in the phenytoin group than in controls. Fifty percent of phenytoin‐treated wounds had negative cultures by day 7, compared to 17% of controls. Healthy granulation tissue appeared earlier with phenytoin. At the end of the fourth week, 29 of 40 phenytoin‐treated ulcers had healed completely versus 10 of 35 controls. Conclusions. Topical phenytoin appears to be an effective, inexpensive, and widely available therapeutic agent In wound healing. Further clinical use and evaluation is merited.
EXTRACORPOREAL PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY IN PROGRESSIVE SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS
Authors: DI SPALTRO FRANCIS X. , COTTRILL CAROLYN , CAHILL CAROL , DEGNAN EILEEN , MULFORD GREGORY J. , SCARBOROUGH DWIGHT , FRANKS ANDREW J. , KLAINER ALBERT S. , BISACCIA EMIL 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Extracorporeal photochemotherapy, an immune‐modulating form of therapy, has been shown to be effective in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. We evaluated the effects of extracorporeal photochemotherapy in the treatment of patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (pss). Methods. Nine patients with active progressive systemic sclerosis were treated with extracorporeal photochemotherapy on 2 successive days monthly. The duration of therapy ranged from 6 to 21 months. Results. A significant improvement was noted in the skin, musculoskeletal system, functional index, and symptoms including Raynaud's phenomenon, dyspnea, fatigue, dysphagia, and arthralgias, as well as improvement of cutaneous ulcers. Stabilization of the pulmonary function studies was also noted in the majority of patients over the course of therapy. No serious side effects were noted throughout the course of therapy in the 9 patients. Conclusions. The results suggest that photopheresis may be beneficial in selected early cases of progressive systemic sclerosis.
PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS ETRETINATE THERAPY FOR PSORIASIS AND OTHER KE RATINIZING DISORDERS: A 10‐YEAR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY IN SINGAPORE
Authors: SHAHIDULLAH MOHAMMAD , THAM SIEW‐NEE , GOH CHEE‐LEOK 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Etretinate, a second generation retinoic acid, has been reported to be useful in the treatment of psoriasis and other keratinizing disorders. The effectiveness of etretinate for these disorders are studied in a 10‐year retrospective study of all patients treated with etretinate in a skin clinic in Singapore. Methods. The case records of 190 cases of psoriasis and other keratinizing disorders treated with etretinate were analyzed. Information collected included demographic data, dosage of etretinate taken, response and side effects, clinical follow‐up, and relapse. Results. Most of the cases (72.6%) had psoriasis (138/190). The others had different keratinizing disorders. The dose of etretinate used was 0.15 to 1 mg/kg/day (median 0.36 mg/kg/day), and the duration of the treatment varied from 1 to 120 months (median 6 months). Etretinate was coadministered with UVB (ReuvB) or PUVA (RepuvA) in 89 (46.8%) patients. In psoriasis, the response to treatment was excellent in 41.3% (57/138), good in 36.2% (50/138), fair in 15.9% (22/138), and poor in 6.5% (9/138) of the cases. Patients with plaque‐type psoriasis did better with combination therapy than with monotherapy. Those with keratinizing disorders showed excellent, good, fair, and poor responses in 32.7% (17/52), 32.7% (17/52), 25.0% (13/52), and 9.6% (5/52) respectively. Adverse effects were noted in 102 (53.7%) cases and were generally mild and tolerable. Etretinate was discontinued in 24 (12.6%) patients due to significant toxicity. Conclusions. Etretinate is effective for treating psoriasis and other keratinizing disorders. Combination therapy is preferred in chronic plaque psoriasis. Adverse effects are common, but mild and tolerable.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: May 2007

Book reviewed in this article:Challenge Dermatology‐Vienna 1841–1992. Karl Holubar, M.D., Cathrin Schmidt, M.D., and Klaus Wolff, M.D.Cutaneous Cryosurgcry. Rodney Dawber, Graham Colver, and Arthur Jackson.Veterinary Dermatology. Thelma Lee Gross, Peter J. Ihrke, and Emily J. Walder.
HEPARIN‐ASSOCIATED THROMBOCYTOPENIA AND THROMBOSIS (HATT) PRESENTING WITH LIVEDO RETICULARIS
Authors: GROSS ALEXANDER S. , THOMPSON FOREST L. , ARZUBIAGA MARIA DEL CARMEN , GRABER STANLEY E. , HAMMER RICHARD D. , SCHULMAN GERALD , ELLIS DARREL L. , KING LLOYD E. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBackground. Heparin‐associated thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (HATT) is an infrequently encountered syndrome characterized by ischemic necrosis of soft tissue and vital organs following anticoagulation with heparin. The syndrome is thought to be due to heparin‐dependent platelet aggregation and thrombosis, which is mediated by pathologic immunoglobulins.Case Report. A 60‐year‐old man developed truncal livedo reticularis and ischemic necrosis of the left foot associated with thrombocytopenia, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (Die), and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia during intravenous heparin therapy. Skin biopsy from an area of livedo reticularis revealed fibrin thrombi in dermal blood vessels, which is characteristic of HATT. The diagnosis of HATT prompted discontinuation of heparin and a resulting rapid resolution of the livedo reticularis and hematologic abnormalities. No other potential causes of Die were identified, and, other than stopping heparin, no specific therapy was employed.Conclusions. Periodic monitoring of platelets should be performed on all patients receiving treatment with heparin, as early detection of heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia followed by discontinuation of the drug may prevent life threatening thrombotic complications. HATT should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with livedo reticularis that occurs during heparin therapy.