bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Burnout Syndrome among Libyan Physicians in different specialties: An observational cross-sectional study
Authors: BENHAMZA MAWADDA Faruk , ABDUALHAMED HEBA Alhadi , ABUSAMIN BOSHRA Hagi , ABDELHAMID MOHAMED Hadi Mohamed 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Burnout is an occupation-related syndrome comprising emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced feelings of work-related personal accomplishment. The healthcare profession is an exhausting job comprising individual health and mental status. The aim is to determine the prevalence and severity of burnout syndrome among Libyan physicians. An observational cross-sectional study recruited from March to August 2023. months. 731 public and private sector physicians with specialties and subspecialties participated. Once physicians agree to participate in the study, data will be collected using an electronic structured questionnaire comprising two sections. Section one will include socio-demographic characteristics. In section two burnout will be assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). In our study, a total of 731 physicians from different health facilities were enrolled. The mean age was 36.76 years old (±7.23); the number of male-to-female physicians was (38.1% vs. 61.1%), more than half of physicians were married (60.7%); the mean income was 1672 (±2177.19) LD (US$344.74 ± 448.90), and the mean number of vacation days in the last 12 months was 16.85 ± 26.03 days per year. Among the three dimensions, 47.1% of the physicians reported a high score of burnout for EE, 86.3% for depersonalization, and 18.6% for personal achievement. Age, marital status, specialty, and place of work were significant risk factors for burnout in three dimensions: EE, DP, and PA (p-value <0.05); the highest burnout rates were 16.8% for the medicine, 10.0% for the ICU and anesthesia, 7.6% for surgery, 5.3% for obstetrics and gynecology, and 4.2% for the pediatrics. In conclusion, physician burnout is declared a public health threat if no immediate action is taken to mitigate a work-related burden on physicians.
Attention-based deep learning for accurate cell image analysis
Authors: Lai Lipeng , Gao Xiangrui , Zhang Fan , Gao Xueyu , Yao Mengcheng , Wang Xiaoxiao , Dong Chen , Zhang Genwei , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
High-content analysis (HCA) holds enormous potential for drug discovery and research, but widely used methods can be cumbersome and yield inaccurate results. Noisy and redundant signals in cell images impede accurate deep learning-based image analysis. To address these issues, we introduce X-Profiler, a novel HCA method that combines cellular experiments, image processing, and deep learning modeling. X-Profiler combines the convolutional neural network and Transformer to encode high-content images, effectively filtering out noisy signals and precisely characterizing cell phenotypes. In comparative tests on drug-induced cardiotoxicity, mitochondrial toxicity classification, and compound classification, X-Profiler outperformed both DeepProfiler and CellProfiler, as two highly recognized and representative methods in this field. Our results demonstrate the utility and versatility of X-Profiler, and we anticipate its wide application in HCA for advancing drug development and disease research.
A computational HLA allele-typing protocol to de-noise and leverage nanopore amplicon data
Authors: Siddiqui Jalal , Sinha Rohita , Grantham James , LaCombe Ronnie , Alonzo Judith R. , Cowden Scott , Kleiboeker Steven 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background:
Rapid turnaround time for a high-resolution deceased donor human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing is critical to improve organ transplantation outcomes. Third generation DNA sequencing platforms such as Oxford Nanopore (ONT) offer the opportunity to deliver rapid results at single nucleotide level resolution, in particular sequencing data that could be denoised computationally. Here we present a computational pipeline for the high-resolution (up to third field) HLA allele typing following ONT sequencing.
Results:
From a R10.3 flow cell batch of 31 samples of known HLA allele types, up to 10,000 ONT reads were aligned using BWA aligner to reference allele sequences from the IMGT/HLA database. For each gene, the top two hits to reference alleles at the third field were selected. Using our pipeline, we obtained the following percent concordance at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd field: A (98.4%, 98.4%, 98.4%), B (100%, 96.8%, 96.8%), C (100%, 98.4%, 98.4%), DPA1 (100%, 96.8%, 96.8%), DPB1 (100%, 100%, 98.4%), DQA1 (100%, 98.4%, 98.4%), DQB1 (100%, 98.4%, 98.4%), DRB1 (83.9%, 64.5%, 64.5%), DRB3 (82.6%, 73.9%, 73.9%), DRB4 (100%, 100%, 100%) and DRB5 (100%, 100%, 100%). By running our pipeline on an additional R10.3 flow cell batch of 63 samples, the following percent concordances were obtained: : A (100%, 96.8%, 88.1%), B (100%, 90.5.4%, 88.1%), C (100%, 99.2%, 99.2%), DPA1 (100%, 98.4%, 97.6%), DPB1 (98.4%, 97.6%, 92.9%), DQA1 (100%, 100%, 98.4%), DQB1 (100%, 97.6%, 96.0%), DRB1 (88.9%, 68.3%, 68.3%), DRB3 (81.0%, 61.9%, 61.9%), DRB4 (100%, 97.4%, 94.7%) and DRB5 (73.3%, 66.7%, 66.7%). In addition, our pipeline demonstrated significantly improved concordance compared to publicly available pipeline HLA-LA and concordances close to Athlon2 in commercial development.
Conclusion:
Our algorithm had a >96% concordance for non-DRB genes at 3rd field on the first batch and >88% concordance for non-DRB genes at 3rd field and >90% at 2nd field on the second batch tested. In addition, it out-performs HLA-LA and approaches the performance of the Athlon2. This lays groundwork for better utilizing Nanopore sequencing data for HLA typing especially in improving organ transplant outcomes.
Feelings of ‘Stigma, Shame, and Guilt’: An Inductive Thematic Analysis Exploring The Lived Experiences of Eating Disorders.
Authors: Suratwala T 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
The purpose of this qualitative research was to express those with Lived Experience(s) (LE) of Eating Disorder(s) (ED) and look at themes related to ED illness and the shared LEs. This review describes key themes of: ‘Stigma, Shame, and Guilt’, the symptoms and aetiology of EDs.
Design/Methodology:
Exploring a thematic analysis approach, the use of explored themes and the collection of rich data in capturing (two online bloggers) LEs of EDs. Using digital forums to search for written, accessible blogs related to those with LEs of EDs. Blog content and specific search terms were used as part of the preliminary selection process.
Findings:
Revealing significant feelings of ‘stigma, shame, and guilt’ with Anorexia and Bulimia, although two online bloggers shared their experiences, little was divulged about their inner emotions. There were positives for healthcare professionals who can learn about ED LEs. Moving forward any intervention must deal with these emotions in addition to the ED itself to gain a better understanding of living with the disorder. Future longitudinal studies focusing on psychodynamic themes and other shared risks could help enrich the understanding of EDs aetiology.
Originality:
This review relates to a surge of shame in EDs and the need to focus research on healthcare experiences and active health intervention, particularly in developed countries within the West. The value of EDs LEs described in the study themes of: ‘Stigma, Shame, and Guilt’ and their manifestations, coupled with a variety of biopsychosocial issues and the aetiology of EDs.
Effects of saline water irrigation on the soil salinity, yield and quality of field-grown winter jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. “Dongzao”)
Authors: Cong Xin , Wang Kun , Pang Guibin , Dou Xiangzhou , Wang Tianyu , Xu Zhenghe 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
[Aims] The shortage of freshwater resources and soil salinization have always been considerable challenges for agricultural production in the Yellow River Delta. Safe and efficient use of saline water resources is thus urgently needed.
[Methods] To reveal the effects of irrigation with underground saline water on soil salinity, yield and quality of drip-irrigated winter jujube, a field trial was conducted from 2020 to 2022. The experiment was conducted with 5 levels of blending a mix of groundwater and freshwater, namely, 1.7 (T1), 3.3 (T2), 4.9 (T3), 6.5 (T4) and 8.1 (T5) dS·m-1.
[Results] The results for three aspects were as follows: (i) Soil surface salinity accumulation occurred when the irrigation water salinity was greater than 4.9 dS·m-1 in 2020, and salinity was maintained in balance in the following two years owing to adequate rainfall during the planting period. (ii) Compared to T1, irrigation with 3.3 dS·m-1 or 4.9 dS·m-1 of saline water had no significant effect on yield, and the winter jujube yield decreased with increasing irrigation water salinity. (iii) Saline water irrigation improved winter jujube quality, as evidenced by the increase in soluble sugar, total soluble solids, titratable acid, vitamin C and flavonoid contents. When the irrigation water salinity ranged from 4.9 dS·m-1 to 8.1 dS·m-1, the comprehensive quality was within the appropriate scope.
[Conclusions] Considering the yield, quality and salt accumulation of winter jujube, drip irrigation is conducive to ensuring the sustainability of winter jujube with saline water salinities less than 4.9 dS·m-1.
Impaired drainage through capillary-venous networks contributes to age-related white matter loss
Authors: Shih Andy , Stamenkovic Stefan , Schmid Franca , Weitermann Nicolas , Takasaki Kevin , Bonney Stephanie , Sosa Maria , Li Yuandong , Benett Hannah , Kim Yongsoo , Waters Jack 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The gradual loss of cerebral white matter contributes to cognitive decline during aging. However, microvascular networks that support the metabolic demands of white matter remain poorly defined. We used in vivo deep multi-photon imaging to characterize microvascular networks that perfuse cortical layer 6 and corpus callosum, a highly studied region of white matter in the mouse brain. We show that these deep tissues are exclusively drained by sparse and wide-reaching venules, termed principal cortical venules, which mirror vascular architecture at the human cortical-U fiber interface. During aging, capillary networks draining into deep branches of principal cortical venules are selectively constricted, reduced in density, and diminished in pericyte numbers. This causes hypo-perfusion in deep tissues, and correlates with gliosis and demyelination, whereas superficial tissues become relatively hyper-perfused. Thus, age-related impairment of capillary-venular drainage is a key vascular deficit that contributes to the unique vulnerability of cerebral white matter during brain aging.
Investigating the implementation of a complex intervention to reduce central line-associated bloodstream infections in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, using Normalisation Process Theory
Authors: Payne Victoria , Johnson Mark , Hunt Katherine , Prieto Jacqui 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Translating evidence into practice has been notoriously difficult within the field of infection prevention and control (IPC). Care bundles- a form of complex intervention with multiple interacting components, may reduce neonatal CLABSIs by 60%. However, it may be unclear if it is the bundle, the implementation process, or a combination of both, that results in CLABSI reductions. Therefore, understanding what works, how it works, and in what settings, is important to improve the translation of evidence into practice. The aim of this study was to investigate the implementation of a care bundle aimed at reducing CLABSIs in a UK neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Methods
A mixed-methods, focused ethnography design underpinned by Normalisation Process Theory. Normalization MeAsure Development (NoMAD) surveys, observations of practice with retrospective, dyadic think aloud interviews, and semi-structured interviews were used to investigate implementation. CLABSI rates and bundle adherence rates were collected. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.
Results
The introduction of a care bundle into a tertiary UK NICU did not result in sustained reductions in CLABSIs, despite apparent increases in bundle adherence. There was only partial bundle implementation, with minimal changes in survey scores and influences across individual, team and organisational levels moderating bundle adoption. Local organisational culture sometimes undermined implementation efforts. Ultimately, there were challenges relating to reinforcement and endorsement of the bundle. Recommendations to improve bundle adoption include improving reinforcement, building in accountability, and improving collective knowledge management.
Conclusions
The introduction of a care bundle into a tertiary UK NICU did not result in sustained reductions in CLABSIs, which is one of few negative studies. Understanding the mechanisms by which an intervention works (or not) in specific contexts is important to optimise the delivery of evidence-based care.
Effect of Remineralizer on Soil Biological Quality
Authors: Rosalen Karina , Baretta Dilmar , Baretta Carolina Riviera Duarte Maluche , Filho Luiz Carlos Iunes Oliveira , Galina Jardel , Golin Icaro Luiz 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The use of remineralizers has been highlighted as a viable option for alternative fertilizer sources. However, it is necessary to study the impacts of its use on the biological quality of the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the remineralizer on the diversity of the edaphic fauna. The research was carried out in a randomized block design, with four replications and the following treatments: T0: control; T1: 100% of N-P-K; T2: Fertilization only with remineralizer; T3: 75% of N-P-K + remineralizer; T4: 75% of N-P-K + remineralizer + Azospirillum spp.; T5: 75% of N-P-K + remineralizer + Bacillus spp.; T6: 75% of N-P-K + Azospirillum spp.; T7: 75% of N-P-K + Bacillus spp. The soil fauna was sampled at two times of the year using pitfall traps, and soil samples were collected at the same points for explanatory variables (chemical and microbiological attributes of the soil). The diversity of groups varied between the collection times, and the most frequent were Collembola, Formicidae and Acarina. The use of remineralizer favored the diversity of groups and the establishment of Collembola populations compared to treatments with conventional fertilizer.
Selenium efficiency in preserving sperm quality and testicular characteristics of South African indigenous Zulu Rams exposed to heat stress
Authors: Lekola Khomotso Podile Molvia , Ngcobo Sakhile M. , Lehloenya Khoboso C. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to investigate selenium efficiency in preserving sperm quality and testicular parameters of the hardy South African indigenous Zulu Rams exposed to heat stress. A total of 20 indigenous Zulu rams between the ages of 2–5 years were used for semen collection. The rams were allocated into 4 groups namely: Selenium (Se); Selenium and testicular heat stress (SeTHs); Testicular heat stress (THs) and Control with Each group having five rams. The groups were balanced according to body weight and scrotal circumference. Selenium and SeTHs groups received sodium selenite orally on a bi-weekly basis for a period of 4 months. To induce heat stress, testicular heat insulation bags were wrapped around the testes of the testicular heat insulated (THs) ram group for 49 days to cover the duration of spermatogenesis. Semen was collected weekly from all 20 rams for 3 months while the 1st month was for selenium acclimatization, and testicular measurements were taken bi-weekly. ANOVA was used to separate mean values for sperm quality and Duncan was utilised to compare significant differences using Statistical Analysis Software. It was observed that selenium, SeTHs, and control group obtained similar total sperm motility, while THs group recorded a low (p < 0.05) total sperm motility. SeTHs group had a significantly high (p < 0.05) medium moving (92 ± 3.5) sperm cells as opposed to the other treatment groups. The semen collected from the THs group of rams displayed a significantly higher (p < 0.05) number of immotile sperm cells. The scrotal circumference for the rams supplemented with selenium was smaller (p < 0.05). The current study concluded that induced heat stress compromised the sperm quality parameters such as sperm motility, progressive motility and kinematic parameters. Furthermore, Se supplementation protected sperm cells against testicular heat stress whereby similar sperm quality results were observed in the semen from the group of rams supplemented with selenium including those that received selenium and were exposed to testicular heat insulation.
A Cardiac Audio Classification Method Based on Multidimensional Feature Expression
Authors: Hu Jing , Lv Siqi , Jie Ren , Ouyang Yan , He Jia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Heart sound auscultation plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, great achievements have been made in automatic heart sound classification; however, most methods are based on segmentation features and traditional classifiers, and do not fully use existing deep networks. This paper proposes a cardiac audio classification method based on image expression of multidimensional features (CACIEMDF). First, a 102-dimensional feature vector is designed by combining the characteristics of heart sound data in the time, frequency and statistical domains. Based on the feature vector, a two-dimensional feature projection space is constructed by PCA dimensionality reduction and the convex hull algorithm, and 102 pairs of coordinate representations of the feature vector in the two-dimensional plane are calculated. Each one-dimensional component of the feature vector corresponds to a pair of 2-d coordinate representations. Finally, the one-dimensional feature component value and its divergence from the two categories are used to fill the three channels of a color image, and a Gaussian model is used to dye the image to enrich its content. The color image is subsequently sent to a deep network such as ResNet50 for classification tasks. In this paper, three public heart sound datasets are fused, and experiments are conducted using the above methods. The results show that the proposed method can achieve a classification accuracy of 95.72% for the two-classification task of heart sounds when combined with the current deep network.
Effects of communication with others on postprandial blood glucose tolerance
Authors: Tsuji Ryohei , Furuya Futoshi , Sakaue Yusuke , Mukai Eri , Yamaura Kazuho , Nishihara Yoko , Manno Masanobu , Shiozawa Naruhiro , Okada Shima 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The number of people experiencing loneliness is increasing, and loneliness has been reported to negatively impact health. Social communication has been proposed as a means of coping with loneliness, and socializing can reduce stress levels and improve glycemic control, although the temporal effects have not been well studied. Stress responses vary depending on the relationship with the partner, and interacting with strangers can cause higher stress levels. This study used a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test to investigate the short-term effects of social communication on biological indicators, including postprandial blood glucose levels. Three conditions were tested: no communication, friend communication, and stranger communication. Measurements included blood sugar levels, positive and negative emotions, and cortisol as an objective stress indicator. Interacting with friends reduced negative emotions, suppressed stress, lowered cortisol levels, and suppressed postprandial hyperglycemia. Conversely, interacting with strangers increased stress, cortisol, and postprandial blood sugar levels. Overall, social communication temporally influenced postprandial blood glucose levels. Socializing with friends had a positive impact on health by suppressing postprandial hyperglycemia associated with illness.
Application of a geospatial query tool to characterize retail food environment and examine associations with dietary quality: evidence from three Chilean cities from the SALURBAL project
Authors: Botelho Laís Vargas , Oliveira Carvalho Ramos Salles , Auchincloss Amy H. , Justiniano Irene Carolina Sousa , de Pina Maria Fátima , Matos Vanderlei Pascoal , Skaba Daniel Albert , Saavedra-Garcia Lorena , Herrera Tamara Doberti , Cardoso Letícia Oliveira , Menezes Mariana Carvalho 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Little work has been done in Latin American contexts to characterize food retail environments and assess its influence on dietary behaviours. In particular, food retail environment data do not exist for Chilean contexts. The aim of this study is to characterize the retail food environment across neighbourhoods in three major Chilean cities and explore possible associations between the retail food environment and fruit and vegetable consumption among its residents.
Methods
A geospatial query tool was used to identify, georeference, and classify food establishments (FE, n = 48400) across 3 large Chilean cities (Santiago, Valparaíso, Concepción). Neighbourhood characteristics came from the 2017 Census (n = 2442 neighbourhoods) and person level data came from the 2017 National Health Survey (Encuesta Nacional de Salud, n = 1275 adults). Lower dietary quality was proxied by non-daily consumption of a fruit or vegetable (ND-FV, prevalence 17.3%). Random intercept logistic regression models adjusted for survey participant age, gender, educational attainment, neighbourhood population density and social environment.
Results
Median density of FE was 41.36 per km^2 and the density of FE increased with neighbourhood population density and more favourable social environment. Ready-to-consume FE and small food retail were the most prevalent types (68% and 11%, respectively); and the adjusted odds of ND-FV consumption was approximately 20% higher with increases in the z-score of those FE types. No associations were found between other types of FE and ND-FV consumption.
Conclusion
These findings underscore the need for targeted public policies aimed at promoting healthier food environments, reducing social inequalities in food access within Chilean cities, and improving dietary quality.