bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Keratin immunoreactivity in fine‐needle aspiration of the prostate: An aid in the differentiation of benign epithelium from well‐differentiated adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ostrzega Nora , Cheng Lorna , Layfield Lester J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe efficacy of utilizing immunocytochemical staining of prostatic basal cells in separating benign from malignant prostatic epithelium was tested by staining fine‐needle aspiration smears of prostatic lesions with the monoclonal antibody EAB‐903. This antibody has been shown to stain keratin subtypes present in the prostate only in basal cells. The study utilized 12 benign, nine malignant, and four suspicious‐for‐carcinoma cases. Ten of 12 benign cases showed an intermingled pattern of staining, which was not found in the malignant cases. Our findings indicate that this distinctive pattern of staining may assist in distinguishing benign epithelium from well‐differentiated prostatic adenocarcinoma.
Fine‐needle aspiration of an apocrine breast carcinoma with multivacuolated, lipid‐rich, giant cells
Authors: Duggan Máire A. , Young Grace K. , Hwang Wei Sek 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe frequency of mammary apocrine carcinoma varies considerably and reflects the definitional differences of various researchers. Lipid synthesis by malignant mammary cells is not uncommon, and occasionally it is so extensive that the designation lipid‐rich carcinoma is warranted. Many subtypes of lipid‐rich carcinoma are described. Although focal apocrine change is observed in one type, a tumor composed predominately of an apocrine carcinoma with an intimate admixture of lipid‐rich malignant cells is previously underscribed. The fine‐needle aspiration, histologic, and ultrastructural features of such a tumor is delineated for which the descriptive title lipid‐rich apocrine carcinoma is coined.
Immunoperoxidase studies by monoclonal antibody B72.3 applied to breast aspirates: Diagnostic considerations
Authors: Lundy J. , Kline T. S. , Lozowski M. , Chao S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the reactivity of monoclonal antibody (MAb) B72.3 when applied directly to aspiration biopsy cytology (ABC) of the breast in the following conditions: (1) infiltration lobular carcinoma; (2) fibrocystic disease; (3) fibroadenoma; and (4) apocrine cysts. Nine of ten aspirates from infiltrating lobular carcinoma were positive in these assays, while 21 of 22 benign cases reacted negatively. The single false‐positive benign aspirate manifested a staining pattern characteristic of apocrine cells. This study demonstrates that the MAb B72.3 can be employed as a potentially valuable diagnostic adjunct. It can be used on stained aspirates to assist in the interpretation of ABC from breast lesions.
Current use of the papanicolaou class system in gynecologic cytology
Authors: Maguire Nancy Council 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to survey, by circulation of a questionnaire, pathologists, cytotechnologists, and clinicians regarding their use of the Papanicolaou class system in gynecologic cytology. The results indicate that (1) the class system is being used in reporting by 72% of respondents; (2) a descriptive diagnosis is used by 97% of respondents; (3) patient treatment may be influenced by the class assigned; and (4) there is a lack of agreement regarding the assignment of classes to cytologic entities, there being no total agreement across the survey groups regarding the classes assigned to any of 34 cytologic entities. It was concluded that little benefit is gained from the use of a class system since cytologic entities were not assigned classes uniformly by respondents. The results of this study support those who advocate discontinuation of the Papanicolaou class system in favor of a descriptive diagnosis.
The significance of leukemia and lymphoma cells in cerebrospinal fluid contaminated by blood containing malignant cells: A probabilistic approach based on the poisson frequency distribution
Authors: Stanley Michael W. , Henry Michelle J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe significance of malignant cells in a body fluid is often difficult to determine if that fluid is contaminated by blood containing malignant cells. This problem is most often seen in examination of CSF from patients with lymphoma or leukemia. We suggest a statistical model of this problem in which the numbers of malignant cells in the blood and the fluid specimen are related to the number of red blood cells. Using the Poisson distribution, the probability of finding the observed number of malignant cells in the fluid is calculated and used as the basis for suggesting whether these cells are likely to represent contamination effect or true involvement of the fluid by the malignancy. The limitations and applicability of this process are discussed.
Ciliated ovarian adenocarcinoma cells in ascitic fluid cytology: Report of a case with immunocytochemical features
Authors: Kobayashi Tadao K. , Teraoka Shigeki , Tsujioka Toshiyuki , Yoshida Yoshinobu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of ovarian serous adenocarcinoma presenting with ascitic fluid is reported. Cytology of the ascitic fluid showed the presence of cilia on most of malignant tumor cells. These tumor cells occurred singly; cilia usually appeared in unipolar locations. Immunocytochemical studies were performed on the ascitic fluid samples as well as tissue sections. CA19‐9, CA125, CA50, and epithelial antigens were positive, while carcinoembryonic antigen was negative. The positive reactions were characteristic for cilia of the tumor cells. The findings also emphasize that positive reaction of these markers will usually exclude a noncommon epithelial tumor, but will not distinguish between benign and malignant ovarian tumors. Report of cilia‐bearing tumor cells in ascitic fluid are few; no one, to the best of our knowledge, has previously documented the immunocytochemistry of these tumor cells.
Cytologic criteria of hyperplastic lesions in endometrial samples obtained by the endocyte sampler
Authors: Coscia‐Porrazzi Luigi O. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe present investigation attempted to identify useful parameters for the cytologic diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasias in samples obtained with the Endopap endometrial sampler. A clinical and morphological classification dividing hyperplasia into benign simple hyperplasia (BSH); benign complex hyperplasia (BCH); and endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) has been suggested by Meisels, et al. based on five valuable cytologic criteria. To these we added six of our own and applied them to 1,172 cases, 432 of which had a previous histologic diagnosis of normal proliferative endometrium (NPE); 462 were BSH, 210 were BCH, and 14 fit the EIN pattern. The cytologic criteria evaluated were overlapping cells, enlarged nuclei, aniso karyosis, granularity of chromatin, stromal cells, branching glandular structures, and moruloid or papillary‐like cellular aggregates, dilated glandular borders in cellular sheets, nuclear clearing, clumped chromatin, and enlarged eosinophilic cytoplasm. Our results are consistent with the following findings: (1) there is no useful parameter for cytologic differentiation between NPE and BSH; (2) BCH is characterized by cellular aggregates, dilated glandular borders in cellular sheets, and branching glandular structures; (3) EIN is characterized by nuclear clearing, clumped chromatin, and anisokaryosis; and (4) enlargement of nucleoli and eosinophilic cytoplasm alone is not sufficient for the diagnosis of EIN.
Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast: Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of seven cases
Authors: Stanley Michael W. , Tani Edneia M. , Skoog Lambert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe the cytomorphology of seven cases of metaplastic carcinoma of the breast studied by fine‐needle aspiration cytology and by histology. All seven cases contained foci of ductual adenocarcinoma. This finding was combined with heterologous mesenchymal elements in four cases, a spindlecell pattern of growth in one case, and extensive squamous‐cell metaplasia in two cases. Both carcinomatous and metaplastic components were present on smears in four cases (57%). Thus in three cases (43%), the diagnosis was not possible on smear material alone. Differential diagnostic considerations are discussed.
Applications of immunocytochemistry to diagnostic cytopathology
Authors: Osamura R. Yoshiyuki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImmunohistochemical technique is now successfully applied to the cytologic materials. This review article describes details of staining procedures for immunocytochemistry at both light and electron microscopic levels. The clinical application of the technique includes aspiration biopsy cytology for breast lesions, thyroid lesions, lymph nodes, the nervous system, and others. The establishment of carcinoma cells in the body fluid by the demonstration of carcinoembyronic antigen (CEA) and the establishment of specific diagnoses in small‐cell or largecell anaplastic tumors by immunocytochemistry warrants special emphasis.
Adenosquamous‐cell carcinoma of the ovary: Report of a case with positive peritoneal fluid cytology
Authors: Kornacki Susan , Chung Haingsub R. , Khan M. Yusuf , Sama Jahir C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytologic examination of peritoneal fiuid showed only malignant squamous cells, without revealing adenocarcinomatous cell components, in a patient who had an endometrioid adenosquamous‐cell carcinoma of the ovary. Histologic examination of the ovary demonstrated diffuse squamous‐cell carcinoma with rare foci of endometrioid and abortive malignant glands, as well as isolated mucin‐positive cells. The cytologic differential diagnosis of malignant squamous cells in peritoneal fluid and the pathogenesis of squamous‐cell carcinoma of the ovary are discussed.
Fine‐needle aspiration diagnosis of extragonadal choriocarcinoma with lmmunoperoxidase studies
Authors: Hoover Lola A. , Hafiz Mohammad A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of extragonadal choriocarcinoma in a 30‐yr‐old man was diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy with immunoperoxidase studies. FNA diagnosis in this case resulted in prompt treatment of rapidly growing metastases without the need for an invasive diagnostic procedure.
Cytologic criteria for subclassification of Hodgkin's disease using fine‐needle aspiration
Authors: Moriarty Ann T. , Banks Evelyn R. , Bloch Ted 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHodgkin's disease (HD) is increasingly being evaluated by fine‐needle aspiration (FNA); however, criteria to subclassify HD into its four subtypes—nodular sclerosis (NS), mixedcellularity (MC), lymphocyte‐depleted (LD), and lymphocytepredominant (LP)—has not been established. In order to evaluate criteria for subclassification, all FNA cases of HD obtained over a 5‐yr period at Indiana University Medical Center that had confirmatory surgical biopsies were reviewed. The number of Reed‐Sternberg (RS) cells was quantitated in each cytologic case and statistically analyzed by subgroup, using analysis of variance (ANOVA). LD had the highest mean (x̄) number of RS cells (x̄ = 51) with NS and MC having similar means ( x̄ = 7 and 6, respectively). Only one case of LP was identifed and therefore could not be analyzed statistically. Fibrosis and the presence of RS variants were qualitatively assessed and were not helpful in distinguishing the subtypes of HD. Although the quantitation of RS cells may be used to identify LD types of Hodgkin's disease, MC and N S cannot be separated reliably on this criterion alone. Although FNA can be used to diagnose HD, stage a patient, or assess efficacy of chemotherapy, subtyping of HD should still be done on histologic sections of excised lymph nodes.
Diagnosis of retinoblastoma by fine‐needle aspiration and aqueous cytology
Authors: Das Dilip K. , Das Jayachandra , Chachra Krishan Lal , Natarajan Radha 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis article reports the cytodiagnosis of three cases of retinoblastoma in children aged 1.5, 2.5, and 5 yr. Two of them were diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology of the primary tumor and one by aqueous cytology. The tumor cells were usually round to oval, small and uniform, with scanty cytoplasm; they generally occurred in closely packed clusters of variable sizes. We discuss the differential diagnosis of retinoblastoma with other round‐cell tumors of childhood involving the orbit.
The significance of atypical apocrine cells in fine‐needle aspirates of the breast
Authors: Johnson Terri L. , Kini Sudha R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractApocrine metaplastic cells are frequently present in fine‐needle aspirates (FNAs) of breast lesions, especially fibrocystic disease. Occasionally, apocrine cells may be atypical and present diagnostic difficulties. The morphologic features of six breast FNAs that contained atypical apocrine cells were analyzed and compared with benign apocrine cells in breast aspirates. In the six abnormal cases, the large, pleomorphic, atypical apocrine cells were the predominant cell type and occurred singly and in syncytial tissue fragments. The cells had large, eccentric, vesicular nuclei and usually multiple macronucleoli. The histologic diagnoses in the cases were apocrine carcinoma (five cases) and atypical apocrine metaplasia (one case). In comparison, benign apocrine cells are relatively small and uniform and arranged in cohesive, orderly sheets. It is concluded that, in breast FNAs. the predominance of atypical apocrine cells, occurring singly and in syncytia, should raise the suspicion of carcinoma.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of breast masses in pregnant and lactating women
Authors: Finley James L. , Silverman Jan F. , Lannin Donald R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEleven pregnant women with breast masses that arose during pregnancy or in the postpartum period underwent fine‐needle aspiration biopsies. Cytologic examination demonstrated a spectrum of morphologic features, including (I) a pattern of dissociated epithelial cells stripped of their cytoplasm along with small clusters of cells having a frayed secretory type of cytoplasm; (2) larger epithelial groups with nuclear pleomorphism, prominent irregular nucleoli, and abundant vacuolated cytoplasm; (3) cellular smears, often with an inflammatory background and proteinaceous debris; and (4) microtissue fragments showing features of lobular hyperplasia. This article illustrates the clinical utility of fine‐needle aspiration biopsy in evaluating breast masses in pregnant and lactating women and discusses the potential hazards for a false‐positive diagnosis of malignancy in these patients.
Hodgkin's disease mimicking suppurative lymphadenitis: A possible pitfall in fine‐needle aspiration biopsy cytology
Authors: Fulciniti Franco , Zeppa Pio , Vetrani Antonio , Troncone Giancarlo , Palombini Lucio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report one case of nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease with uncommon pseudosuppurative presentations in fineneedle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) samples and on histopathologic material. The criteria for cytologic diagnosis include atypical mononuclear cells and diagnostic SR cells in the purulent exudate. This lesion is considered a possible pitfall in FNAB cytology of Hodgkin's disease.
Endoscopic biopsy and cytology in the diagnosis of malignant gastric ulcers
Authors: Moreno‐Otero Ricardo , Marrón Carmen , Cantero José , Pajares José M. , Martinez‐Raposo Alejandro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEndoscopy significantly improves the diagnosis of tumors of the stomach: however, its value may be limited in differentiating benign from malignant gastric ulcers (MGUs). The accuracy of endoscopy was compared in 20patients with MGU studied by endoscopy, biopsy, and cytology. Endoscopy correctly diagnosed 13 cases (65%), with endoscopic signs being benign or indeterminate in the remaining seven. However, all 20 MGUs were accurately diagnosed since biopsy and cytology increased the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopy in the remaining seven patients. The combination of biopsy and cytology yielded a positive diagnosis in 19 patients (95%); the remaining patient was operated on with only the endoscopic diagnosis of MGU. The complementarity of these three techniques was highlighted in five cases where only one of the procedures unequivocally diagnosed malignancy. It is concluded that biopsy and cytology are useful complementary techniques and should always be performed together in categorizing the nature of all gastric ulcers despite a benign macroscopic appearance at endoscopy.
Cytologic evaluation of papanicolaou‐stained bone marrow aspirates
Authors: Berman Jules J. , McNeill Ruth E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAspirates obtained from bone marrow were prepared for routine Papanicolaou staining and screened by a cytologist. As a preliminary study, 100 consecutive bone marrow aspirations were examined. It was shown that metastatic carcinoma and primary bone marrow disorders (including leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and multiple myeloma) can be recognized on Papanicolaou‐stained marrow aspirates using the same cytologic criteria employed in the evaluation of cells from any site. Evaluation of bone marrow aspirates in the cytology laboratory is feasible and can be used to augment parallel services employing air‐dried Wright‐Giemsa‐stained specimens in the hematology laboratory.
Metastatic metaplastic carcinoma of the breast: Diagnosis by bronchial brush cytology
Authors: Selvaggi Suzanne M. , Kissner Dana , Qureshi Faisal 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMetaplastic carcinoma of the female breast is an uncommon lesion that may metastasize to body sites. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pulmonary metastasis diagnosed on bronchial brush cytology. The patient presented with pulmonary symptomatology 1 yr and 3 mo after a left modified radical mastectomy for breast carcinoma. Bronchoscopic examination revealed an endobronchial lesion partially obstructing the bronchus intermedius. Bronchial brush cytology showed the presence of nonkeratinizing squamous tumor cells admixed with a few scattered clusters of tumor cells with glandular features. Histologic review of the original breast lesion showed a metaplastic carcinoma of the breast with a predominant squamous‐cell component. Accurate knowledge of a patient's clinical history is necessary to differentiate a second primary lesion from a metastatic one, particularly when the original lesion is so uncommon.
Angiosarcoma of the heart: pericardial fluid cytology
Authors: Randall Milton B. , Geisinger Kim R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe unique cytomorphologic aspects of a cardiac angiosarcoma in pericardial fluid are presented. Smears and cell block preparations revealed clusters of malignant pleomorphic oval to spindle‐shaped cells concentrically layered about amorphous acellular cores. The cytologic findings were correlated with histologic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic findings in the necropsy material.
Abc‐immunoperoxidase staining of cytologic preparations: Improvement of specificity
Authors: Zarbo Richard J. , Johnson Terri L. , Kini Sudha R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImmunoperoxidase (IP) methods perfected on formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissues (FFPE) and then applied to aspirate smears may result in high background staining and, a significant number of false‐positive results. This is especially true if polyclonal primary antibodies are used or if aspirates and fluids contain a high interstitial or serum protein content. Because of a recurring problem with antiserum to alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP), AFP was selected as the primary test antibody with which to evaluate our avidin‐biotin complex (ABC)‐IP method. The same method, with diaminobenzidine (DAB) or aminoethylcarbazole (AEC) chromogens, was performed on six types of cytologic preparations of a fresh liver specimen. The liver did not stain for AFP in FFPE and frozen tissue; therefore, it could be used to evaluate potential false‐positive staining of direct touch imprints, washed aspirate smears, and cytospins that were both air‐dried and alcohol‐carbowax‐fixed. Initial chromogen incubation times were standardized to give identical results on AFP‐positive fixed hepatoma and fetal liver controls. Cytologic preparations immunostained with ABC‐IP with AEC chromogen resulted in varying background and hepatocyte staining. In comparison, the ABC‐IP method using DAB chromogen resulted in no false‐positive results and a clean background. The ABC‐IP method with AEC standardized for sensitivity on a fixed tissue control required a markedly shortened chromogen incubation time to preclude significant false‐positive staining of cytology specimens. It appears that use of AEC chromogen for this antibody with incubation time standardized on a FFFE tissue control and then applied to cytologic preparations also amplifies nonspecific and background staining, contributing difficulty in assessing a true‐positive result. In contrast, the ABC‐IP method with DAB chromogen standardized on fixed tissues can be directly translated to various types of cytologic preparations. Knowledge of this pitfall should be especially useful in trouble‐shooting other immunoreactions since it is open difficult to obtain and store cytologic quality‐control materials for immunohistochemistry.
Psammoma bodies in fine‐needle aspiration cytology of papillary adenocarcinoma of the lung
Authors: Chen Karl T. K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of two cases of papillary adenocarcinoma of the lung is reported. Both cases showed psammoma bodies and papillary clusters of tumor cells in FNA specimens. Both tumors were resected and confirmed as primary papillary carcinoma of the lung by histologic examination and by clinicopathologic exclusion of the possibility of metastasis from other organs.
Matrix crystals in cytologic urine specimens
Authors: Zaharopoulos Paul , Wong Jick Y. , Wen Julie W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree cytologic urine specimens from separate patients seen over a period of 3 mo were prepared by the Papanicolaou method. They contained crystals (uric acid type in two and magnesium ammonium phosphate in one) that incorporated variable amounts of organic (mucoprotein) matrix; many appeared by light microscopy to be made exclusively of matrix. Scanning electron microscopy performed in one of the specimens containing uric acid crystals suggested that the matrix forms were in progressive stages of mineralization. These cases, plus a similar one reported recently by us, demonstrate that the detection by urine cytology of organic matrix incorporated in the structure of urinary crystals is not rare and that the Papanicofaou staining method facilitates such detection.
Cellular follicular cyst of the ovary: Fluid cytology mimicking malignancy
Authors: Stanley Michael W. , Horwitz Charles A. , Frable William J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report three ovarian cysts studied by aspiration cytology. The fluids obtained were highly cellular, with numerous groups of atypical cells featuring a high nuclear‐cytoplasmic ratio, nuclear hyperchromasia, and prominent nucleoli. In each case, these features were considered evidence of a low‐grade malignant neoplasm. All three patients underwent oophorectomy, which revealed benign follicular cysts. Possible means of resolving the diagnostic dilemma posed by these cellular follicular cysts are discussed.