bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of synovial tissue on the synthesis of proteoglycan by the articular cartilage of young pigs
Authors: Jubb R. W. , Fell Honor B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractExplants of pig articular cartilage were grown in organ culture in the presence of synovial tissue; controls consisted of paired explants that were cultivated in isolation. To find whether the synovial tissue affected synthesis of sulfated proteoglycan by the cartilage, 35SO4 was added to the medium and its incorporation into the cartilage examined by both biochemical assay and autoradiography. The synovial tissue severely inhibited the uptake of 35SO4, but if the synovium was removed after 8 days cultivation and the cartilage was grown in isolation for a further 4 days, incorporation of 35SO4 equalled and sometimes surpassed that of controls which had been grown without synovium continuously for 12 days. Synovium did not prevent the formation of new cartilage on the cut surfaces of the explants, but it reduced the incidence of newly formed cartilage.
An epidemiologic study of households exposed to canine systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Reinertsen James L. , Kaslow Richard A. , Klippel John H. , Hurvitz Arthur I. , Lewis Robert M. , Rothfield Naomi F. , Zvaifler Nathan J. , Steinberg Alfred D. , Decker John L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo determine whether exposure to canine lupus is a risk factor for human lupus, we studied 83 members of 23 households exposed to 19 dogs with high titer antinuclear antibodies and compared these contact households to 50 members of 18 control households matched for dog age, sex, and primary veterinarian. No differences were found between contacts and controls in titer of antinuclear, antiDNA, and antilymphocyte antibodies, frequency of positive rheumatoid factor, or elevated serum immunoglobulins. Further analysis of subgroups by age, sex, and intensity of dog exposure did not reveal any serologic differences between contacts and controls. No cases of lupus were identified in either group. Three contact households and no controls reported a family history (remote from the household) of lupus. This study did not detect any clinical or serologic effect of human household exposure to dogs with high titer antinuclear antibodies.
Diversity of antinuclear antibodies in progressive systemic sclerosis
Authors: Tan Eng M. , Rodnan Gerald P. , Garcia Ignacio , Moroi Yasuoki , Fritzler M. J. , Peebles Carol 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntinuclear antibodies wer demonstrated in the sera of 43 of 45 (96%) patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (22 of 24 with diffuse scleroderma and 21 of 21 with the CREST syndrome variant). This high percentage of positive reactions resulted from the use of a tissue culture substrate (Hep‐2) to detect antinuclear antibodies by the indirect immunofluorescent method. Patterns of nuclear staining included diffuse fine speckles, large coarse speckles, nucleolar and centromere staining. When organ sections such as mouse kidney were used as substrate for the detection of antinuclear antibodies, nucleolar staining and centromere staining were the two patterns most frequently overlooked. Three types of antibodies appeared to be highly specific for scleroderma: antibody to Sc1‐70 antigen, antibody to centromere, and antinucleolar antibody. The anti‐centromere antibody appeared to be highly selective for the CREST variant of progressive systemic sclerosis.
Absence of immunoglobulins in rheumatoid cartilage‐pannus junctions
Authors: Shiozawa Shunichi , Jasin Hugo E. , Ziff Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImmune complexes (1C) present in the superficial region of rheumatoid articular cartilage may be an important factor in the invasion of the cartilage by pan‐nus. The presence of such 1C at the cartilage‐pannus junction in rheumatoid articular cartilage invaded by pannus was investigated by using hnmunoelectron microscopy with horseradish peroxidase anti‐human im‐munoglobulin (Ig). It was observed that, although the pannus‐free surface of the cartilage contained easily detectable deposits of Ig, the areas covered by pannus failed to show any Ig in the 5 patients studied. This was true even in areas immediately adjacent to the advancing edge of the pannus which presumably had only recently been invaded by the granulation tissue. These results were confirmed by fluorescent antibody ultraviolet microscopy. It was concluded that rheumatoid pannus invasion of the free cartilage surface containing trapped 1C results in the disappearance of such complexes.
Heterogeneity of precipitating antibodies in polymyositis and dermatomyositis
Authors: Nishikai Masahiko , Reichlin Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrecipitating antibodies occurring in 26 “pure” polymyositis (PM) patients and 22 “pure” dermatomyositis (DM) patients were studied by double immunodiffusion using calf thymus nuclear extract and whole calf thymus extract. Seventeen of 26 (65%) PM sera and 13 of 22 (59%) DM sera showed positive reactions, and 18, 10, and 2 sera exhibited 1, 2, and 3 precipitin lines, respectively. Common specificities were established by immunodiffusion for the 11 PM and 6 DM sera with strong precipitin lines. These were classed into three groups of shared specificity and six reactions specific for individual sera. These 9 calf thymus antigens were shown to be different from the known soluble tisue antigens Sm, nuclear RNP, Ro, and La. A 600‐f old purification of the most frequently appearing system designated Jo‐1 was achieved and its clinical specificity for patients with PM syndromes was established.
Stimulation of prostaglandin e production by bacterial endotoxins in cultured human synovial fibroblasts
Authors: Yaron Michael , Yaron Ilana , Smetana Ophyra , Eylan Emanuel , Zor Uriel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractE coli, shigella, salmonella, and cholera endotoxins stimulated prostaglandin E (PGE) production by cultured human synovial and foreskin fibroblasts. The minimal effective dose of Shigella endotoxin was 2 μg/ml and a maximal response was observed at 10 μg/ml. PGE stimulation was first detected 7 hours after addition of cholera endotoxin. Stimulation by shigelia endotoxin of both PGE and hyaluronic acid production was inhibited by indomethacin and aspirin. The present results suggest that PGE is a mediator of joint inflammation induced by endotoxins.
Carpal tunnel syndrome in chondrocalcinosis of the wrist
Authors: Gerster Jean C. , Lagier René , Boivin Georges , Scheider Claude 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCarpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) defined electromyographically was found in 8 of 22 unselected patients with chondrocalcinosis of the wrists (bilateral in 6, unilateral in 2). Thenar atrophy was the most frequently encountered clinical sign. In the hands with CTS, calcifications of the wrist were more extensive than in the hands without CTS. Degenerative joint changes of the hands were significantly more frequent in the group suffering from CTS. Surgery was perfomed in 5 patients with CTS. Microscopic examination of the volar carpal ligament and the flexor synovial tendon sheath failed to reveal histologic signs of chondrocalcinosis. However, the presence of scarce crystals, as seen in polarized light as well as electron microscopy, suggests a minor form of chondrocalcinosis.
Gold does not alter the arthritic, humoral, or cellular responses in rats with type ii collagen‐i nduced arthritis
Authors: Joseph McCune W. , Trentham David E. , David John R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe assessed the effects of administration of gold sodium thiomalate on the clinical and immunologic manifestations of type II collagen‐i nduced arthritis in rats. Injections of varying doses of gold did not alter these parameters significantly. Thus, there was no evidence in this animal model that gold possesses either antiinflammatory or immunosuppressive properties.
Enhanced in vitro synthesis of igm rheumatoid factor in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Koopman William J. , Schrohenloher Ralph E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPeripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (MNL) from 42 patients with classic/definite seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 24 healthy adult controls were tested for their capacity to produce IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) in vitro in the presence and absence of pokeweed mitogen (PWM). In no instance was spontaneous elaboration of IgM RF from control MNL observed. In contrast, MNL from 16 of the 42 RA patients spontaneously synthesized IgM RF (22 ± 43 ng/ culture) which constituted a substantial fraction of the total IgM in these culture fluids (48 ± 26%). Pokeweed mitogen induced detectable quantities of IgM RF in MNL culture supernatants from 10 of 24 controls (12 ± 11 ng/culture) and 33 of 42 RA patients (60 ± 82 ng/ culture, p = 0.008). IgM RF constituted a significantly higher proportion of the total IgM in RA MNL supernatants than in control supernatants (11 ± 11% versus 1.01 ± 1.03%; P = 0.013). IgM RF production (spontaneous and PWM‐induced) was dependent upon de novo protein synthesis. The results indicate that B cells programmed to produce IgM RF are present in both normal and RA B cell repertoires, but are preferentially expressed in RA.
Correlation between anti‐rana and anti‐ebna titers in normal subjects with and without hla‐drw4
Authors: Catalano Michael A. , Carson Dennis A. , Stastny Peter , Freer Sofia , Vaughan John H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have determined the relationship of antibody titers to the rheumatoid arthritis nuclear antigen (RANA) and of antibody titers to the Epstein‐Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA) to each other and to the DRw4 B cell alloantigen in the sera of 34 normal white adults. By a sensitive indirect immunofluorescence (IF) assay, 76% had RANA antibody, compared to 23% by a micro‐immunodiffusion assay. The correlation coefficient for the tube dilution titers of anti‐RANA and anti‐EBNA was 0.61 (P < 10‐4). The 14 DRw4‐positive subjects and the 20 DRw4‐negative subjects did not differ with respect to anti‐RANA titers (P = 0.51) or anti‐EBNA titers (P = 0.89). We conclude that: 1) most normal adults have RANA antibody by IF; 2) anti‐RANA and anti‐EBNA titers are closely related; 3) the titers of these antibodies cannot be related to the presence of the DRw4 determinant in normal persons.
Synovial fluid in seronegative juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Martin Christina L. , Pachman Lauren M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSynovial fluid of 20 children with seronegative juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and 20 patients with other joint pathology was examined for levels of total hemolytic complement and selected components, immune complexes, and α2‐macroglobulin (α2‐M). When adjusted for total protein, synovial levels of total hemolytic complement, C3, C4, and α2‐M did not differ significantly in the two groups. The concentrations of IgM and IgG were elevated in the JRA synovial fluid, but immune complexes were not increased when compared with the non‐JRA group as determined by the Raji cell technique. α2‐M activity against substrates of C1 esterase was absent. Therefore, evidence of specific increase in immune complexes and complement activation was sought but not found, suggesting that they may not be a major factor in the pathogonesis of seronegative, pauciarticular JRA.
The C1q binding assay in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Inman Robert D. , Fong J. K. K. , Pussell B. A. , Ryan P. J. , Hughes Graham R. V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo investigate the relationship of C1q binding assay (C1qBA) to disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a retrospective study was carried out on 232 C1qBA performed in 33 patients with SLE. When initial values only were assessed (33 tests in 33 patients), there was no relationship between positive and negative C1qBA and abnormal renal function (P = 0.482, Fisher exact test). Of 87 tests performed during active renal disease, 34 (39%) were positive; of 48 tests during active non‐renal disease, 25(52%) were positive; of 83 tests when the disease was inactive, 45(54%) were positive; and of 14 tests during episodes of infection, 10 (71%) were positive. Corresponding means for the C1qBA were as follows: renal 65.66, non‐renal 78.02, in‐active 56.04, infection 135.79 (no significant differences by Student's t‐test). There was no significant relationship with the C1qBA when comparing active disease (renal and non‐renal) with inactive disease (X2 Yates = 1.875, P = 0.171). When renal function abnormalities were analyzed separately, the C1qBA values were independent of azotemia or proteinuria (X2 Yates = 1.399, P = 0.237). Patients were seen with progressive renal disease who had consistently negative C1qBA, as well as patients with benign clinical courses despite elevated C1qBA. The discordance of the C1qBA results with disease activity in SLE highlights the limitations of immune complex (IC) determinations by a single technique, and stresses the importance of evaluating such tests in terms of both their specificity and sensitivity. These data further suggest that the relationship of IC to the disease process in SLE may be a complex one.
Roman arches, human joints, and disease
Authors: Simkin Peter A. , Graney Daniel O. , Fiechtner Justus J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe subchondral plate of bone underlying concave joint surfaces is significantly thicker, at most sites, than that under the corresponding convex mates. This morphologic difference may be related to parallel differences in loading stress and in the distribution of osteonecrosis and other joint lesions.
The spondylitis of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Enlow Roger W. , Bias Wilma B. , Arnett Frank C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOf 12 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) or sacroilitis (SI), only 4 (33%) had HLA‐B27. Family studies revealed 3 B27‐ negative relatives with AS, 1 with SI, 1 with SI and IBD, and 1 with IBD alone. HLA haplotypes did not segregate with disease. These data suggest a non‐HLA linked genetic predisposition to IBD which also confers susceptiblity to spondylitis, even in the absence of expression of bowel disease.
Frentizole therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Sabharwal Umesh K. , Vaughan John H. , Kaplan Roy A. , Robinson Charles A. , Curd John G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeven corticosteroid dependent patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were given frentizole in order to assess its effect on their clinical manifestations. Three patients exhibited slight clinical improvement, 2 patients did not change, and 2 deteriorated. Five of the 7 patients developed subclinical and reversible liver damage related to frentizole. This study, although preliminary and uncontrolled, suggests that frentizole is of limited value in the management of patients with SLE.
Frentizole Therapy of Active Systemic lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Kay Donald R. , Valentine Thomas V. , Walker Sara E. , Valentine Merilee H. , Bole Giles G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFrentizole is a benzimidazoleurea that has immunosuppressive properties in mice. Eleven steroid‐treated patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus received frentizole (150‐350 mg/day) in combination with stable or decreasing doses of prednisone in an open label trial. Nine patients completed at least one 21‐to 75‐day course of therapy with this drug. Clinical parameters of disease improved in 8 of these 9 patients. Mean DNA binding decreased by 28%, mean CH50 increased by 20%, and mean absolute lymphocyte and T cell counts decreased by 25‐26%. Granulocytopenia was not observed. Three patients developed reversible hepatic toxicity. Clinical and serologic improvement was noted in 3 patients who accepted a second 90‐day course of frentizole therapy.
Characterization of the immunocompetent cells of rheumatoid synovium from tissue sections and eluates
Authors: T Konttinen Yrjö , Reitamo Sakari , Ranki Annamari , Häyry Pekka , Kankaanapää Uolevi , Wegelius Otto 
Published: February 2007

AbstractT lymphocytes positively identified by alphanaphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) (70%) were localized in perivascular “cuffs” in rheumatoid synovia. ANAE‐negative lymphocytes (B lymphocytes) were primarily within the reactive lymphoid centers, whereas intra‐cellular Ig‐expressing plasma cells were outside the centers. Lysozyme or diffuse ANAE expressing mono‐nuclear phagocytes (5–15%) were diffusely dispersed, but were seldom found in the lymphoid centers. There were few granulocytes (10%). On elution, plasma cells and lymphocytes were lost. Most granulocytes and mononuclear phagocytes in the eluate were immunoglobulin‐positive. The in situ architecture is compatible with active immunologic inflammation and T‐dependent immunglobulin synthesis.
Deficiency of c7 with systemic lupus erythematosus. solubilization of immune complexes in complement‐deficient sera
Authors: J Zeitz Howard , W Miller Gary , Lint Thomas F , Ali Mir A , Gewurz Henry 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was found to have undetectable serum total complement (C) activity with marked reductions in levels of several C components. Recognition of rising C4, C3, and C5 levels coupled with sustained absence of hemolytic activity led to studies of individual C components that identified a persisting selective and complete absence of C7 hemolytic activity. Review of the literature indicated that the frequency of SLE is increased in patients with complete deficiency of a late‐acting C component (7% as compared to 0.05% in the general population); however, the disease frequency is less than that observed in patients with complete deficiency of an early‐acting C component (41% incidence in patients lacking C1, C4, or C2). In order to explore one possible basis for this association, the capacity of serum from the patient described herein and from patients with other C component deficiencies to mediate in vitro solubilization of immune complexes was studied by using a recently developed assay. The patient's serum had a markedly decreased capacity to induce solubilization of immune complexes, as did sera of other patients with active SLE and sera of individuals with inborn deficiencies of C1, C2, or C3 without SLE. By contrast, the sera of patients with a selective terminal C component deficiency (C5, C6, C7, or C8) but without SLE readily supported immune complex solubilization. These results suggest that patients lacking a terminal C component are predisposed to the development of SLE by a process which is independent of C‐mediated immune complex solubilization. Whether the compromised capacity for C‐mediated immune complex solubilization contributes to the even greater frequency of SLE in patients lacking an early‐acting C component remains to be established.
“Milwaukee shoulder”—association of microspheroids containing hydroxyapatite crystals, active collagenase, and neutral protease with rotator cuff defects. iii. morphologic and biochemical studies of an excised synovium showing chondromatosis
Authors: Garancis John C. , Cheung Herman S. , Halverson Paul B. , Mccarty Daniel J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSynovial tissue excised from the unstable right shoulder joint of a patient with an absent rotator cuff, severe glenohumeral joint degeneration, and hydroxyapatite‐containing microspherules, collagen types I, II, and III, active collagenase, and neutral protease in the joint fluid showed extensive osteochondromatosis histologically. Electronmicroscopy revealed calcific foci in microvilli which could easily escape into the adjacent joint space through areas denuded of synovial cells. Fibrocytes demonstrated intensive pinocytotic activity of unknown significance. Energy dispersive analysis showed elemental ratios consistent with hydroxyapatite. A literature review suggested some relationships between the various pathologic lesions present in this joint. Whether similar synovial changes exist in the opposite shoulder joint of this patient and in 3 other subjects with nearly identical clinical, radiographic, and joint fluid findings is not known.
Connective tissue activation
Authors: William Castor C. , Pek Sumer 
Published: February 2007

AbstractConnective tissue activating peptides from lymphocytes (CTAP‐I) and platelets (CTAP‐III) are known to stimulate glycosaminoglycan synthesis, glycolysis, and mitogenesis in connective tissue cell cultures. Direct evidence suggested that increased accumulation of cyclic AMP was involved in the action of these peptide agonists, and increased prostaglandin E synthesis was postulated on the basis of indirect evidence. In the present experiments, CTAP‐I and ‐III were incubated with human and murine cells in culture, and prostaglandin E was measured by radioimmunoassay using antibody directed primarily to prostaglandin E2. Both CTAP‐I and ‐III markedly stimulated the elaboration of prostaglandin E into culture medium, the earliest evidence of increased synthesis occurring at 4 hours with maximal concentrations found at 24 hours. Substantial residual stimulation persisted at least through 48 hours. Indo‐methacin (13.0 m̈g/ml) obliterated basal and incremental synthesis of prostaglandin in the presence of mediators. Cycloheximide (8.7 m̈g/ml) did not affect the stimulation of prostaglandin synthesis by CTAP‐I and ‐III. Three nonrheumatoid and 3 rheumatoid synovial cell strains showed similar basal levels of prostaglandin E and similar responses to CTAP‐I. A murine fibroblast cell strain (3T3) showed increased prostaglandin E synthesis on exposure to CTAP‐I, and the KB tumor cell strain was markedly stimulated by CTAP‐III. These studies confirm the increased synthesis of E series prostaglandins postulated to occur in human connective tissue cells on exposure to CTAP‐I and ‐III, and clarify the mechanism of action of these agonists on “activated” target cells. The importance of elevated extracellular concentrations of prostaglandins is uncertain, although they may act directly on sensitive cell types as well as potentiate the actions of CTAP‐I and ‐III on neighboring cells.
Familial articular chondrocalcinosis in quebec
Authors: Gaudreau André , Camerlain Monique , Pibarot Marie‐Laure , Beauregard Germain , Lebrun André , Petitclerc Claude 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe existence of articular chondrocalcinosis was documented in 9 members of 3 generations of a Quebec family. No associated or secondary forms of the disease were found. The clinical manifestations appeared early in life, and extensive radiologic involvement was apparent. We determined that genetic transmission was dominant, either autosomal or sex‐linked, and not related to the HLA system.
Investigation of type i and type iii collagens of the lung in progressive systemic sclerosis
Authors: Seyer Jerome M. , Kang Andrew H. , Rodnan Gerald 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe interstitial collagens, type I and type III, were investigated in lung tissue from patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) with pulmonary involvement. By use of CNBr digestion of whole tissue, the relative content of type I versus type III collagen was unchanged. This contrasts with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Limited pepsin digestion released greater amounts of collagen (55%) than normal (16%), but the individual collagen chains were chemically indistinguishable. A reduced amount of the more stable collagen crosslink, hydroxylysinonorleucine, was observed which was consistent with the relatively greater degree of solubilization.