bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting Slow Slip Signals in Southwest Japan Based on Machine Learning Trained by Real GNSS Time Series
Authors: Tanaka Yusuke , Kano Masayuki , Yano Keisuke 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWith the increase in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observations, the requirement for objective and automated detection of slow slip event (SSE) signals hidden in displacement time series is increasing. However, machine learning for GNSS time series has rarely been attempted. Especially, the physical meanings of the spatio‐temporal noise variations and their effects on the detection performance have been not so deeply discussed. In this study, we conducted a single‐site SSE detection based on machine learning trained by real GNSS observations of southwest Japan to directly consider the complicated spatiotemporal characteristics of observational noise. Based on a catalog of 284 short‐term SSEs, approximately 26,000 time series containing SSE signals or noises were extracted as training data. The signal data predominantly had an amplitude of 1.5–2.0 mm. The model architecture following the Generalized Phase Detection, which was originally proposed for seismic wave detection, was then adopted. We obtained an accuracy of 75% for the test data. As expected, the detectability were mainly controlled by the signal amplitude, and false positive appears to be caused primarily by the temporally correlated noise that resemble the onset or termination of the SSE signal. We examined the correlation between detection performance and noise properties at each site, such as standard deviation and slope of power spectrum. The analysis of this study is expected to facilitate a straightforward evaluation of the influence of noise characteristics on the detection performance, and clarify the crucial topics to improve detection precision.
Measurements of Stratospheric ClO From Mauna Kea: 1992–2023
Authors: Nedoluha Gerald E. , Gomez R. Michael , Boyd Ian , Neal Helen , Allen Douglas R. , Parrish Alan , Connor Brian J. , Siskind David E. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe present a reanalysis of the ground‐based microwave measurements of upper stratospheric ClO from Mauna Kea over 1992–2023 made by the Chlorine Oxide Experiment (ChlOE) instrument. In order to reduce instrumental baseline artifacts, the retrieval makes use of the difference of daytime and nighttime spectra (the nighttime ClO spectra are much smaller) to produce a day‐minus‐night ClO mixing ratio, which is the fundamental quantity analyzed throughout this study. Upper stratospheric ClO values peaked in ∼1997, and the trend in the upper stratospheric ChlOE measurements from 1997 to 2023 was found to be −0.4 ± 0.3%/yr (2σ). Comparisons of ChlOE measurements with a combined coincident Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) and Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) data set showed a relative trend of +0.3% ± 0.3%/yr (2σ) over 1992–2023, where a positive trend indicates that the ChlOE ClO measurements are increasing relative to those from MLS. Restricting the comparisons to ChlOE and Aura MLS over 2004–2023, resulted in relative trends that varied by pressure level, from +0.15%/yr to +0.42%/yr, all agreeing to within the 2σ uncertainty. Over the period 2004–2021, the average ChlOE trend for the three levels was −0.3 ± 0.4%/yr, but, with the addition of the unusually high ClO measured in 2022 and 2023 the trend from 2004 to 2023 became 0.0 ± 0.4%/yr. The increase in ClO during 2022 is, at least in part, caused by dynamical variations. The higher ClO in 2023 is closely correlated with the presence of increased H2O from the Hunga eruption, which affects the ClO chemistry.
Improved High‐Latitude Light Precipitation Estimation Using a Combined Radiometer‐Cloud Radar Retrieval
Authors: Jones Spencer R. , Kummerow Christian D. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe high‐latitude oceans are problematic for satellite estimations of precipitation due to the high frequency of occurrence of light drizzle and snowfall. Microwave radiometric observations are sensitive to integrated cloud water path but lack skill in distinguishing precipitation onset from cloud water and cloud ice due to radiation scattering. Precipitation radars to date have lacked sensitivity to drizzle and cloud radars have suffered from both the uncertainties inherent in Z‐R relations and poor sampling due to nadir‐only scans. This study optimally combines coincident active and passive microwave observations from CloudSat's Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) and the Advanced Scanning Microwave Radiometer (AMSR2) to resolve cloud and hydrometeor distribution parameters and to force consistency between the two independent sets of coincident observations. The result is an estimation of drizzle frequency and intensity that are consistent with both the CPR and AMSR2 observations for the high‐latitude oceans. This study finds that zonal means of retrieved high‐latitude drizzle below 0.25 mm hr−1 from these combined observations (0.263 mm day−1) fall slightly above those of CloudSat estimates (0.244 mm day−1) provided by the 2C‐RAIN‐PROFILE and 2C‐SNOW‐PROFILE products (Lebsock, 2018; Wood & L’Ecuyer, 2018) and far below that of radiometer‐only estimates (0.920 mm day−1) provided by GPROF (C. D. Kummerow et al., 2015).
Drywell Infiltration Performance: Tests, Monitoring, Simple, and Detailed Models
Authors: Netzer Lior , Russo David , Nachshon Uri , Moreno Ziv , Ben‐Hur Meni , Katzir Roee , Livshitz Yakov , Kurtzman Daniel 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDrywells, perforated above the water table, are an attractive tool for both reducing the risk of floods, and increasing groundwater recharge in urban\suburban areas. Various simplifications of the relationship between the injection discharge (Q) and the water‐level rise in the drywell during water injection (H) are available. This work presents observations and models that improve our understanding of the drywell performance, namely the ratio Q/H for injections varying in time and dynamics. The drywell screen is at 22–27 m below surface in sandy porous medium, where the water table is at 40 m depth. The first set of observations were of six injection tests of constant Q, each lasting ∼30 min, performed on a daily basis. The Q/H ratio just before the end of each injection decreased each day. A simplified infiltration model assuming a radial sharp‐wetting‐front with an increase in the distance of the wetting front from the well fits the observations. A three‐dimensional variably saturated numerical flow model simulating the six injection events showed that the sharp wetting front at increasing radius is a reasonable simplification for this type of injection schedule. Monitoring of operational injection of rainwater harvested from an adjacent rooftop for a few months of a Mediterranean winter shows the opposite—a slight increase in the Q/H ratio as winter progresses. When the plume of relatively high pressure‐head reaches the water‐table, a continuous passage of higher hydraulic conductivity between the drywell and the aquifer is opened, and the Q/H ratio is expected to increase.
Lactate and lactylation in cancer
Authors: Chen Jie , Huang Ziyue , Chen Ya , Tian Hao , Chai Peiwei , Shen Yongning , Yao Yiran , Xu Shiqiong , Ge Shengfang , Jia Renbing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Accumulated evidence has implicated the diverse and substantial influence of lactate on cellular differentiation and fate regulation in physiological and pathological settings, particularly in intricate conditions such as cancer. Specifically, lactate has been demonstrated to be pivotal in molding the tumor microenvironment (TME) through its effects on different cell populations. Within tumor cells, lactate impacts cell signaling pathways, augments the lactate shuttle process, boosts resistance to oxidative stress, and contributes to lactylation. In various cellular populations, the interplay between lactate and immune cells governs processes such as cell differentiation, immune response, immune surveillance, and treatment effectiveness. Furthermore, communication between lactate and stromal/endothelial cells supports basal membrane (BM) remodeling, epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMT), metabolic reprogramming, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. Focusing on lactate production and transport, specifically through lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and monocarboxylate transporters (MCT), has shown promise in the treatment of cancer. Inhibitors targeting LDH and MCT act as both tumor suppressors and enhancers of immunotherapy, leading to a synergistic therapeutic effect when combined with immunotherapy. The review underscores the importance of lactate in tumor progression and provides valuable perspectives on potential therapeutic approaches that target the vulnerability of lactate metabolism, highlighting the Heel of Achilles for cancer treatment.
Functional tissue units in the Human Reference Atlas
Authors: Bidanta Supriya , Börner Katy , Herr II Bruce W. , Quardokus Ellen M. , Nagy Marcell , Gustilo Katherine S. , Bajema Rachel , Maier Elizabeth , Molontay Roland , Weber Griffin M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Functional tissue units form the basic building blocks of organs and are important for understanding and modeling the healthy physiological function of the organ and changes that occur during disease states. In this comprehensive catalog of 22 anatomically based, nested functional tissue units from 10 healthy human organs, we document the definition, physical dimensions, blood vasculature connections, and cellular composition. All anatomy terms are mapped to the multi-species Uber-anatomy Ontology (Uberon) and cells are mapped to Cell Ontology to support computational access via standardized metadata. The catalog includes datasets, illustrations, and a large printable poster illustrating how the blood vasculature connects the 22 functional tissue units in 10 organs. All data and code are freely available. The work is part of an ongoing international effort to construct a Human Reference Atlas of the 37 trillion cells that make up the healthy human body.
Multi-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies discovers 67 new loci associated with chronic back pain
Authors: Stanaway Ian B. , Suri Pradeep , Afari Niloofar , Dochtermann Daniel , Gerstenberger Armand , Pyarajan Saiju , Rosen Eric J. ,   Million Veteran Program, Gasperi Marianna 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This multi-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) investigated the genetic factors underlying chronic back pain (CBP) in a sample from the Million Veteran Program comprised of 553,601 Veterans of African (19.2%), European (72.6%), and Hispanic (8.2%) ancestry. The results revealed novel (N = 67) and known (N = 20) genome-wide significant loci associated with CBP, with 43 independent variants replicating in a non-overlapping contemporary meta-GWAS of the spinal pain dorsalgia phenotype. The most significant novel variant was rs12533005 (chr7:114416000, p = 1.61 × 10−20, OR = 0.96 (95% CI: 0.95–0.97), EA = C, EAF = 0.39), in an intron of the FOXP2 gene. In silico functional characterization revealed enrichment in brain and pituitary tissues. Mendelian randomization analysis of 62 variants for CBP-MVP revealed 48 with causal links to dorsalgia. Notably, four genes (INPP5B, DRD2, HTT, SLC30A6) associated with these variants are targets of existing drugs. Our findings more than double the number of previously reported genetic predictors across all spinal pain phenotypes.
Histone H3 lysine 4 methylation recruits DNA demethylases to enforce gene expression in Arabidopsis
Authors: Wang Ming , He Yan , Zhong Zhenhui , Papikian Ashot , Wang Shuya , Gardiner Jason , Ghoshal Basudev , Feng Suhua , Jami-Alahmadi Yasaman , Wohlschlegel James A. , Jacobsen Steven E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Patterning of DNA methylation in eukaryotic genomes is controlled by de novo methylation, maintenance mechanisms and demethylation pathways. In Arabidopsis thaliana, DNA demethylation enzymes are clearly important for shaping methylation patterns, but how they are regulated is poorly understood. Here we show that the targeting of histone H3 lysine four trimethylation (H3K4me3) with the catalytic domain of the SDG2 histone methyltransferase potently erased DNA methylation and gene silencing at FWA and also erased CG DNA methylation in many other regions of the Arabidopsis genome. This methylation erasure was completely blocked in the ros1 dml2 dml3 triple mutant lacking DNA demethylation enzymes, showing that H3K4me3 promotes the active removal of DNA methylation. Conversely, we found that the targeted removal of H3K4me3 increased the efficiency of targeted DNA methylation. These results highlight H3K4me3 as a potent anti-DNA methylation mark and also pave the way for development of more powerful epigenome engineering tools.
A multi-site data sample for analyzing the online commercial sex ecosystem
Authors: Freeman Nickolas K. , Bott Gregory J. , Keskin Burcu B. , Marcantonio Tiffany L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Online sex advertisements (sex ads) have been linked to many U.S. sex trafficking cases. However, since the closure of the dominant website, Backpage.com (Backpage), many competing sites have emerged that are hosted in countries where U.S. law enforcement organizations have no jurisdiction. Although the online ecosystem has changed significantly, very little research uses data from sites other than Backpage, and even less uses data from multiple sites. This paper presents an anonymized dataset derived from the text and image artifacts of more than 10 million sex ads. By making this dataset publicly available, we aim to reduce barriers to entry for researchers interested in conducting data-driven counter-trafficking research. The dataset can be used to test hypotheses related to sex ads and intersite connectivity, understand the posting processes employed by prominent sites in the current online sex ad ecosystem, and develop multidisciplinary approaches for estimating ad legitimacy. Progress in any of these areas can result in potentially lifesaving interventions for ST victims.
Global mercury dataset with predicted methylmercury concentrations in seafoods during 1995–2022
Authors: Zhou Haifeng , Li Yumeng , Zhong Qiumeng , Wu Xiaohui , Liang Sai 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mercury exposure poses significant threats to human health, particularly in its organic form, methylmercury (MeHg). Diet is the main pathway for human MeHg exposure, especially through seafood consumption. In this context, numerous studies have established seafood MeHg concentration datasets to assess MeHg-related health risks from seafood consumption. However, existing datasets are limited to specific regions and short-term observations, making it difficult to support continuous and dynamic assessments of global MeHg-related health risks. This study takes a bottom-up approach to construct a global seafood MeHg concentration dataset during 1995-2022. Firstly, it compiles a long-term time series marine-scale dataset of seafood MeHg concentrations, based on the reported seafood mercury concentrations from existing literature and machine learning methods. Subsequently, this study used the seafood catch volumes of each nation in different marine areas as weights to estimate the national-scale seafood MeHg concentrations. This dataset can provide essential data support for environmental impact assessment of mercury and its compounds as mentioned in Articles 12 and 19 of the Minamata Convention on Mercury.
Validation of two swabbing methods to sample DNA for genotyping Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus)
Authors: Righton D. , Garzon F. , Hawkes L. A. , Hicks R. , Horton T. , Ives M. , Katsiadaki I. , McCully Phillips S. R. , Roslyn S. , Sebire M. , Stone D. , Witt M. J. , Wright S. , McKeown N. J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In fisheries, genetic based assignment of individuals to their population of origin can benefit efforts aimed at monitoring and managing stocks. Assignment combined with knowledge of the migration history of individuals can provide powerful insights into mechanisms of genetic mixing, for which refined sampling methods are required to minimise any impacts. In this study we tested two minimally invasive swabbing techniques for sampling DNA when attaching electronic satellite tags to Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) for migration studies. First, DNA was sampled by skin swabbing (hereafter skin swabs) individuals from which there were corresponding fin clip samples. Second, swabs were taken from the applicator poles used to attach electronic tags (hereafter pole swabs). Quantification of DNA from the different sources revealed decreasing yields moving from fin clips, to skin swabs, to pole swabs. The utility of the DNA obtained by both swabbing methods for individual genotyping was then assessed by sequencing of the mtDNA control region and genotyping of six microsatellite loci. In all cases successful genotyping was achieved. For mtDNA an 868 bp fragment was successfully amplified in all samples with 775 bp aligned across individuals revealing 26 haplotypes (overall haplotype diversity = 0.987). All six microsatellites were successfully amplified including a largest allele size of 291 bp. mtDNA and microsatellite genotypes for the skin swabs matched with the corresponding fin clip samples. Although no tissue replicates were available for the pole swab samples the genotypes obtained were unambiguous, consistent across repeated PCRs, and reported no evidence of PCR issues such as large allele drop out. Overall, the genetic data suggested high variability among individuals sampled, comparable to levels of genetic diversity seen within the species’ Atlantic range. The study demonstrates that non-invasive sampling can be used to obtain DNA for population assignment studies and that valuable material can be sampled from tagging equipment.
Innovative application of ceftriaxone as a quorum sensing inhibitor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Naga Nourhan G. , El-Badan Dalia E. , Mabrouk Mona E. M. , Rateb Heba S. , Ghanem Khaled M. , Shaaban Mona I. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium that has the potential to induce various healthcare-related infections through its array of virulence factors. The control of virulence factor expression is mainly regulated by a communication process among cells called quorum sensing (QS). Blocking QS could be a viable tactic to suppress virulence factors and reduce pathogenicity without impacting bacterial growth. This approach has the potential to significantly decrease the multiple drug resistance emergence. In this study, we explored the impact of ceftriaxone (CRO), which is a commonly used β-lactam antibiotic, and its metal derivatives on the QS system and virulence factors of both standard strains and clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. The quorum sensing inhibitory (QSI) activity of CRO and ceftriaxone Nickel complex (CRON) was evaluated. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined and the effect of sub-MICs of CRO and CRON was assessed on P. aeruginosa strains virulence factors. CRO and CRON effectively suppressed the virulence factors of P. aeruginosa strains at sub-MICs, without altering bacterial viability. Additionally, a molecular docking investigation was carried out to identify potential mechanisms of QSI. CRO and CRON exhibited high ICM scores, potentially displacing natural ligands when interacting with LasR, LasI, and PqsR receptors.
Thin-layer modeling, drying parameters, and techno-enviro-economic analysis of a solar dried salted tilapia fish fillets
Authors: Ghanem Tarek Hussien M. , Nsasrat Loai S. , Younis Omar Shahat , Metwally Khaled A. , Salem Ali , Orban Zoltan , Eid Mohamed Hamdy , El-Mesery Hany S. , Eldin Abdalla Zain , Elmolakab Khaled Mohamad , Mahmoud Samy F. , Elwakeel Abdallah Elshawadfy 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study focused on the development of an indirect forced solar dryer that incorporates a three-sided flat plate solar collector (TSFPSC) specifically designed for increasing thermal efficiency, and the system used for drying salted tilapia fish fillets (STFF). The investigation analyzed three fillet thicknesses—4 mm, 8 mm, and 12 mm, employing both open sun drying (OSD) and the developed solar dryer (DSD), with a constant airspeed of 0.5 m/s. The research additionally developed thin-layer drying models (TLDM), assessed drying parameters, and performed an extensive techno-enviro-economic analysis. Results showed that the initial and final moisture content (MC) (w.b. %) of the STFF were 74.83 and 18.84%, respectively, and reached the equilibrium MC after 16–20.5 h for the DSD and 30–36 h for the OSD, which means the drying time reduced by about 53.3%, and 61.11% compared with the OSD. This reduction in drying time demonstrates the effectiveness of the developed solar dryer. The effective moisture diffusivity (EMD) of different STFF samples at both drying systems were 0.51 × 10–10 to 9.16 × 10–10 m2/s. In addition, all eleven basic TLDM were applied to predict the drying behavior of STFF during the drying process, while the combined Two-Term and Page model had the best fitting for the OSD system, and the modified Midilli II model and combined Two-Term and Page model had the best fitting for the DSD system. In terms of economic analysis, the annual capital and investment costs were calculated to be $22.458 and $21.334, respectively. Additionally, the environmental analysis indicated an energy payback (EP) period of 1.59 years, with a net CO2 mitigation of 14 tons realized over the operational lifetime of the DSD.
Oxygen and hydrobiological profiles of homemade manure-based tea in North Africa
Authors: Djezzar Miliani , Kaci Zakia , Yahiaoui Ibrahim , Leauthaud Crystele 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Homemade manure tea (HMT) is commonly used in North Africa to enhance crop yields. Yet their physicochemical and biological characteristics remain poorly understood. This study evaluated oxygen and hydrobiological profiles of three types of HMT (bovine, ovine and poultry based, respectively noted HMTb, HMTo, HMTp) and compared them to control solutions of water and water supplemented with soluble NPK fertilizer. For these three types of HMT, oxygen and hydrobiological profiles were measured daily over a 7-day incubation period in three repeated, identical experiments, each comprising randomized treatments and five repetitions per treatment. Our results show that all HMT types rapidly transitioned to hypoxic conditions in the first 24h, shifting to anoxia between day 2 and day 7 depending on HMT type. This anoxic environment promoted denitrification and led to elevated NH4
+ concentrations, suggesting the presence of anammox and microaerobic processes. Particulate organic matter contents and bacterial densities were highest in HMTp, while ciliate densities were highest in HMTb. These findings underscore the bioactive potential of HMT as fertilizers, with HMTp showing a favorable nitrogen profile beneficial for agricultural applications. To maintain aerobic conditions longer and reduce nitrogen losses and greenhouse gas emissions, we recommend passive or mechanical aeration, applying HMT during cooler hours, and stabilizing the pH of HMT. This study offers valuable insights to refine HMT preparation protocols, enhancing their use as bioactive fertilizers.