bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategic Display and Response to Emotions: Developing Evidence‐based Negotiation Expertise in Emotion Management (NEEM)
Authors: Potworowski Georges , Kopelman Shirli 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThis article conceptualizes emotion management as a form of negotiation expertise, and integrates the nascent empirical literature on emotion in negotiation with concepts from the learning sciences literature to suggest how negotiation expertise in emotion management (NEEM) can be taught. We argue that NEEM differs from emotional intelligence in fundamental ways, and that it consists of sensitivity to strategically relevant emotional cues, ability to strategically display and respond to emotions in negotiations, and the inclination to manage emotions for superior objective and subjective negotiation performance. We propose a method of developing NEEM in the classroom and identify directions for future research.
Helping You Is Helping Me: Improving Students’ Ethical Behaviors in a Negotiation by Appealing to Ethical Egoism and the Reputation Effect
Authors: Schroth Holly A. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIt can be a challenge to try to improve the ethical conduct of students enrolled in a negotiation course. Many students believe that the best outcome is to maximize value for themselves without regard for the interests of the other party. Unethical negotiation behaviors often result from a short‐term perspective of the interaction and myopic focus on maximizing self‐gain. This article suggests how instructors can improve ethical behaviors among student negotiators by enhancing their long‐term perspective, appealing to students’ ethical egoism and reinforcing the idea of the reputation effect.
Utility of Pretreatment Bilirubin Level and UGT1A1 Polymorphisms in Multivariate Predictive Models of Neutropenia Associated with Irinotecan Treatment in Previously Untreated Patients with Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Parodi Luis , Pickering Eve , Cisar Laura A. , Lee Doug , Soufi‐Mahjoubi Raoudha 
Published: October 2008

ABSTRACTPurpose.  Statistical models for predicting hematologic toxicity were evaluated based on UGT1A1 polymorphisms and baseline serum bilirubin.Methods.  Blood DNA samples were collected from 113 patients with untreated metastatic colorectal cancer receiving irinotecan (FOLFIRI, n = 36; mIFL, n = 41; CapeIRI, n = 36). The primary endpoint was absolute neutrophil count nadir during first treatment cycle. Linear regression models, with increased R2 implying important additional predictive power, sequentially added age, sex, baseline bilirubin level, and UGT1A1 genotype.Results.  All models demonstrated low R2, suggesting unaccounted variables. UGT1A1 genotype added ∼8–9% during cycle 1 and from ∼7% [mIFL regimen] to 26% [CapeIRI regimen] after cycle 1. Correlation between genotype and overall ANC nadir without regard to treatment was low (R = −0.201, P = 0.035). Patients with genotype 7/7 may have increased risk for severe neutropenia, but data are insufficient to characterize this. Contribution of baseline bilirubin level was negligible.Conclusions.  Ability of UGT1A1 or baseline bilirubin to predict neutropenia is low and depends on regimen.
Prophylactic laser treatment of soft drusen maculopathy: a prospective, randomized Nordic study
Authors: Frennesson Christina I. , Bek Toke , Jaakkola Aino , Nilsson Sven Erik G. ,   the Prophylactic Laser Treatment Study Group
Published: October 2008

Abstract.Purpose:  This study aimed to investigate whether mild laser treatment of soft drusen maculopathy might reduce the incidence of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and/or significantly reduce loss of visual acuity compared with outcomes in a control group.Methods:  A total of 135 patients (mean age 70.4 years) were randomized into a treatment group of 67 subjects and a control group of 68 subjects. The treatment group was subdivided into a group of 54 subjects with bilateral soft drusen and a group of 13 subjects with unilateral soft drusen in the study eye and advanced AMD in the fellow eye. The control group was subdivided into a bilateral group of 54 subjects and a unilateral group of 14 subjects. Sub‐threshold or barely visible laser spots were scattered on and between drusen in the posterior pole. Inclusion of patients was stopped prematurely as other studies did not show any benefit from the treatment. Mean follow‐up time was 3.7 years.Results:  More CNVs developed in the treated group (4/54 eyes in the bilateral group, 3/13 eyes in the unilateral group; 7/67 eyes in total) than in the control group (3/54 eyes in the bilateral group, 2/14 eyes in the unilateral group; 5/68 eyes in total) but these differences were not statistically significant for either the bilateral or unilateral groups (p = 0.20–0.32). No CNV developed in the bilateral treated group before 4 years of follow‐up. Visual acuity was significantly reduced from baseline to the last follow‐up in all groups (p < 0.0001–0.02) except the unilateral control group (p = 0.08), but there were no significant differences between the treated and control groups for either the bilateral or unilateral groups (p = 0.17–0.97).Conclusions:  Mild prophylactic laser treatment of soft drusen maculopathy was neither beneficial nor harmful and cannot be recommended.
Cohort differences in the progression of developmental pathways: evidence for period effects on secular trends of violence in males
Authors: Fabio A , Yuan Z , Wisniewski S R , Henry D B , Farrington D P , Bridge J A , Loeber R 
Published: October 2008

Background:Rates of violence in the USA have fluctuated widely over the past few decades. Theorists have examined period and cohort effects, but there appear to be no studies examining these effects on progression in developmental pathways towards violence.Objective:To assess whether differences in progression among individuals in the Pittsburgh Youth Study are consistent with period or cohort effects.Design:Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to examine differences between cohorts in the odds of progressing through the developmental pathway towards violence. Adjusted and unadjusted odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% CI are reported.Setting:Pittsburgh Pennsylvania, from 1987 to 2000.Subjects:Two cohorts of male adolescents from the Pittsburgh Youth Study. The youngest cohort (n = 503) was followed from median ages 7 to 20, and the oldest cohort (n = 506) was followed up from median ages 13 to 25.Main outcome measure:The odds of progression along a developmental pathway towards violence.Results:There was no statistically significant difference between the cohorts in progression from minor aggression to physical fighting (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.65). However, after adjustment for major risk factors, the oldest cohort was significantly more likely to progress from physical fighting to violence (OR = 2.34, 95% CI 1.39 to 3.92).Conclusions:These results provide initial evidence that cohort effects, which would be present early in development, do not contribute significantly to later differences in reported violence and raises the possibility of whether period effects can explain these differences.
Effectiveness of cataract surgery in reducing driving-related difficulties: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Subzwari S , Desapriya E , Scime G , Babul S , Jivani K , Pike I 
Published: October 2008

Objectives:To assess the effects of cataract surgery in improving vision and driving performance while reducing driving-related difficulties.Design:Systematic review and meta-analysis.Data sources:Twelve electronic databases were searched from the date of inception of each database to May 2007. Other sources of potentially relevant information were also identified and examined.Review methods:Eligible study designs included randomized controlled trials (RCT), non-RCT, quasi-experimental, case-control, controlled-before-and-after, and cohort studies that examined driving-related indicators in patients undergoing cataract surgery.Main outcome measures:The outcome measures included any type of driving-related indicator. A secondary outcome measure was motor vehicle (MV) crash involvement.Results:Seven studies were included in the review and five in the meta-analysis. The overall pooled odds ratio (OR) was 0.12 (95% CI 0.10 to 0.16). Results suggest that the risk of driving-related difficulties was reduced by 88% following cataract surgery.Conclusions:Cataract surgery is associated with an 88% reduction in the risk of driving-related difficulties. This supports the efficacy of cataract surgery to improve driving in older people, as well as positive implications for a reduction in MV crashes, overall traffic safety, and individual well-being.
Accuracy of injury coding under ICD-10-AM for New Zealand public hospital discharges
Authors: Davie G , Langley J , Samaranayaka A , Wetherspoon M E 
Published: October 2008

Objective:To determine the accuracy in coding for principal injury diagnosis (PDx), external cause, place of occurrence, and activity codes under the Australian Modification of the International Classification of Disease, 10th Revision (ICD-10-AM) for public hospital discharges in New Zealand.Method:A simple random sample of 1800 injury discharges was selected from the National Minimum Dataset (NMDS) of hospital discharges from July 2001 to June 2004. Records were obtained and coded by the Senior Advisor in Clinical Coding (SACC) independently of the codes already recorded in the NMDS.Results:Of injury discharges selected from the NMDS, 2% were not coded with a PDx of injury by the SACC. Fourteen percent of the PDxs and 26% of the external cause codes (E-codes V01–Y89) had inaccuracies in the first, second, or third characters. Variation in the accuracy of the PDxs and E-codes was obvious by diagnostic and E-code groupings; 22% of the place of occurrence codes (Y92) and 29% of the activity codes (Y93) were incorrect. Accuracy of the PDxs and E-codes was related to the clarity of the documentation in the medical records.Conclusions:For countries that are considering implementing ICD-10 or one of its variants, these findings provide insight into possible limitations of the classification and offer guidance on where the focus of training should be placed. For countries that have historical data coded according to ICD-10-AM, these results suggest that some specific estimates of injury and external-cause incidence may need to be treated with caution.
Risk of hip fractures in soft protected, hard protected, and unprotected falls
Authors: Bentzen H , Bergland A , Forsén L 
Published: October 2008

Objective:To compare hip fracture risk in soft and hard protected falls with the risk in unprotected falls and to compare the incidence of hip fractures in nursing homes providing soft and hard hip protectors.Methods:An observational study conducted within the framework of a cluster randomized trial in 18 nursing homes. Nursing homes were randomized to offer either soft or hard hip protectors. Individual participants were followed for falls for 18 months.Results:Of 1236 participating residents, 607 suffered 2926 falls; 590 of the 2926 falls were categorized as soft protected, 852 as hard protected, and 1388 as unprotected falls. Sixty-six verified hip fractures occurred: eight in soft protected falls, 11 in hard protected falls, and 45 in unprotected falls. The hip fracture risk in soft and hard protected falls was almost 60% lower than in unprotected falls (OR (soft) 0.36, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.77; OR (hard) 0.41, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.89). The incidence of hip fracture was 4.6 and 6.2 per 100 person-years in nursing homes providing soft and hard hip protectors, respectively (p = 0.212).Conclusion:Both types of hip protector have the potential, when worn correctly, to reduce the risk of a hip fracture in falls by nearly 60%. Both can be recommended to nursing-home residents as a means of preventing hip fractures.
Disability and risk of non-fatal residential injuries among adults
Authors: Vladutiu C J , Casteel C , Runyan C W 
Published: October 2008

Objective:Many unintentional injuries occur in the home, but little research has considered the specific vulnerability of people with disabilities.Design:Cross-sectional study examining nationally representative data from the 2004–2006 National Health Interview Surveys.Subjects:Adults aged 18 and older who reported having an unintentional, non-motor vehicle-related injury in the home (n = 2189) or outside the home (n = 2072) and those who reported no injuries (n = 81 919) 3 months before their interview.Main outcome measure:Non-fatal, unintentional, non-motor vehicle-related injuries.Results:Among respondents experiencing a residential injury, 21.2% reported one type of disability, 11.2% reported two disabilities, and 9.1% reported three or more disabilities. As the number of disabilities increased, the odds of reporting a residential injury increased. Adults with three or more disabilities had three times the odds of reporting a residential injury (adjusted odds ratio  = 3.2, 95% CI 2.7 to 3.9), compared with adults reporting no injury.Conclusion:The risk of injury in the residential environment among adults with disabilities increases with increasing numbers of disabilities. Attention to home safety issues for residents with disabilities is needed.
Cleidocranial Dysplasia: Report of 3 Cases and Literature Review
Authors: Zheng Shen  , Chao Chun Zou  , Rong Wang Yang  , Zheng Yan Zhao  
Published: October 2008

Background Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is an autosomal-dominant skeletal dysplasia syndrome that is characterized by widely patent calvarial sutures, clavicular hypoplasia, supernumerary teeth, and short stature. It is caused by mutations of the transcription factor RUNX2, which is known as a major regulator of bone differentiation. Objective To report on 3 Chinese pediatric cases of CCD with an emphasis on the clinical presentation and diagnostic modalities. Case Summary 3 Chinese children were admitted to our hospital because of short stature. All the children had hypoplastic clavicles, absent calvarium, open fontanel, and messy palmprint. Screening laboratory test results for bone mineral density, free thyroxine, and thyroid stimulating hormone were all normal. One child had mental retardation. Two were hereditary, and 1 was sporadic. Conclusion These results showed that CCD should be suspected in patients with short stature and poor clavicles, calvarium, or teeth. Timely recognition and hereditary tendency counseling is required and useful.
Long-Term Effects of Bupivacaine on Cartilage in a Rabbit Shoulder Model
Authors: Gomoll Andreas H. , Yanke Adam B. , Kang Richard W. , Chubinskaya Susan , Williams James M. , Bach Bernard R. , Cole Brian J. 
Published: October 2008

Background Previous investigations have reported on the chondrotoxicity of bupivacaine in short-term in vivo and in vitro models. This study was designed to provide additional information on the long-term effects of bupivacaine infusion on articular cartilage in an established rabbit shoulder model. Hypothesis Infusion of bupivacaine into the rabbit shoulder will have long-term deleterious effects on articular cartilage. Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Methods Thirty-six rabbits were randomized into 3 groups and were infused over 48 hours with saline (S), bupivacaine alone (B), or bupivacaine with epinephrine (B+E) into the glenohumeral joint. Animals were sacrificed after 3 months, and tissue samples were analyzed with live/dead cell assay, proteoglycan (PG) synthesis and content assays, and conventional histological evaluation. Results No macroscopic or radiographic changes were detected in the infused shoulders. Sulfate uptake of infused shoulders relative to controls was elevated to 112% ± 39% (S), 166% ± 67% (B), and 210% ± 127% (B+E). Statistical analysis of PG content demonstrated significantly increased levels in bupivacaine groups compared with saline. There were no significant differences among groups in cell count, percentage of living cells, or histological grade. Conclusions No permanent impairment of cartilage function was detected 3 months after intra-articular infusion of bupivacaine. Cartilage metabolism was increased, indicating a possible reparative response. This suggests that, at least in the model used, articular cartilage has the ability to recover from the chondrotoxic effects of bupivacaine infusion. Before extrapolating these results to human cartilage, other factors including underlying cartilage injury or disease, decreased chondrocyte density, and increased bupivacaine dosing need to be taken into account. Clinical Relevance Bupivacaine toxicity has recently been implicated in the development of chondrolysis after arthroscopic shoulder procedures, but these findings suggest that additional noxious stimuli might be required before permanent damage ensues.
Functional alteration of red blood cells by a megadalton protein of Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Glenister Fiona K. , Fernandez Kate M. , Kats Lev M. , Hanssen Eric , Mohandas Narla , Coppel Ross L. , Cooke Brian M. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractProteins exported from Plasmodium falciparum parasites into red blood cells (RBCs) interact with the membrane skeleton and contribute to the pathogenesis of malaria. Specifically, exported proteins increase RBC membrane rigidity, decrease deformability, and increase adhesiveness, culminating in intravascular sequestration of infected RBCs (iRBCs). Pf332 is the largest (>1 MDa) known malaria protein exported to the RBC membrane, but its function has not previously been determined. To determine the role of Pf332 in iRBCs, we have engineered and analyzed transgenic parasites with Pf332 either deleted or truncated. Compared with RBCs infected with wild-type parasites, mutants lacking Pf332 were more rigid, were significantly less adhesive to CD36, and showed decreased expression of the major cytoadherence ligand, PfEMP1, on the iRBC surface. These abnormalities were associated with dramatic morphologic changes in Maurer clefts (MCs), which are membrane structures that transport malaria proteins to the RBC membrane. In contrast, RBCs infected with parasites expressing truncated forms of Pf332, although still hyperrigid, showed a normal adhesion profile and morphologically normal MCs. Our results suggest that Pf332 both modulates the level of increased RBC rigidity induced by P falciparum and plays a significant role in adhesion by assisting transport of PfEMP1 to the iRBC surface.
Aberrant DNA methylation is a dominant mechanism in MDS progression to AML
Authors: Jiang Ying , Dunbar Andrew , Gondek Lukasz P. , Mohan Sanjay , Rataul Manjot , O'Keefe Christine , Sekeres Mikkael , Saunthararajah Yogen , Maciejewski Jaroslaw P. 
Published: October 2008

Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are clonal hematologic disorders that frequently represent an intermediate disease stage before progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). As such, study of MDS/AML can provide insight into the mechanisms of neoplastic evolution. In 184 patients with MDS and AML, DNA methylation microarray and high-density single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP-A) karyotyping were used to assess the relative contributions of aberrant DNA methylation and chromosomal deletions to tumor-suppressor gene (TSG) silencing during disease progression. Aberrant methylation was seen in every sample, on average affecting 91 of 1505 CpG loci in early MDS and 179 of 1505 loci after blast transformation (refractory anemia with excess blasts [RAEB]/AML). In contrast, chromosome aberrations were seen in 79% of early MDS samples and 90% of RAEB/AML samples, and were not as widely distributed over the genome. Analysis of the most frequently aberrantly methylated genes identified FZD9 as a candidate TSG on chromosome 7. In patients with chromosome deletion at the FZD9 locus, aberrant methylation of the remaining allele was associated with the poorest clinical outcome. These results indicate that aberrant methylation can cooperate with chromosome deletions to silence TSG. However, the ubiquity, extent, and correlation with disease progression suggest that aberrant DNA methylation is the dominant mechanism for TSG silencing and clonal variation in MDS evolution to AML.
Wnt3a deficiency irreversibly impairs hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and leads to defects in progenitor cell differentiation
Authors: Luis Tiago C. , Weerkamp Floor , Naber Brigitta A. E. , Baert Miranda R. M. , de Haas Edwin F. E. , Nikolic Tatjana , Heuvelmans Sjanneke , De Krijger Ronald R. , van Dongen Jacques J. M. , Staal Frank J. T. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractCanonical Wnt signaling has been implicated in various aspects of hematopoiesis. Its role is controversial due to different outcomes between various inducible Wnt-signaling loss-of-function models and also compared with gain-of-function systems. We therefore studied a mouse deficient for a Wnt gene that seemed to play a nonredundant role in hematopoiesis. Mice lacking Wnt3a die prenatally around embryonic day (E) 12.5, allowing fetal hematopoiesis to be studied using in vitro assays and transplantation into irradiated recipient mice. Here we show that Wnt3a deficiency leads to a reduction in the numbers of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitor cells in the fetal liver (FL) and to severely reduced reconstitution capacity as measured in secondary transplantation assays. This deficiency is irreversible and cannot be restored by transplantation into Wnt3a competent mice. The impaired long-term repopulation capacity of Wnt3a−/− HSCs could not be explained by altered cell cycle or survival of primitive progenitors. Moreover, Wnt3a deficiency affected myeloid but not B-lymphoid development at the progenitor level, and affected immature thymocyte differentiation. Our results show that Wnt3a signaling not only provides proliferative stimuli, such as for immature thymocytes, but also regulates cell fate decisions of HSC during hematopoiesis.
NKT-cell help to B lymphocytes can occur independently of cognate interaction
Authors: Tonti Elena , Galli Grazia , Malzone Carmine , Abrignani Sergio , Casorati Giulia , Dellabona Paolo 
Published: October 2008

Abstract
CD4+ T (Th)–cell help to B lymphocytes requires cognate interaction and CD40 engagement. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are innate-like T lymphocytes that recognize αgalactosylceramide (αGalCer) presented by CD1d, and can help B-cell responses. We asked whether αGalCer-activated iNKT cells help B lymphocytes through cognate interaction, or indirectly, via enhancement of Th-B–cell interaction. After immunization with protein Ags and αGalCer, antibody titers were assessed in wild-type or splenectomized mice, and in bone marrow radiation chimeras lacking CD1d or CD40 expression on B lymphocytes, or expressing CD1d or MHC II disjointly on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). We find that αGalCer-dependent enhancement of B-cell response (1) can occur when B cells do not express CD1d but express CD40; (2) requires that iNKT and Th cells interact with the same APCs that coexpress both CD1d and MHC-II; and (3) takes place without spleen. These findings demonstrate αGalCer-induced help for antibody responses can occur without cognate iNKT/B-cell interaction, and suggest this help entails activation of APCs by iNKT cells, which in turn activate Th cells and their helper functions for B cells. Thus, the αGalCer-induced help recapitulates the function of classical adjuvants that stimulate the innate immune system to support adaptive immune responses.