bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dimensionality reduction for uncertain dynamic systems
Authors: Kenny Sean , Crespo Luis , Giesy Dan 
Published: March 2009

AbstractDimensionality reduction is a beneficial step to alleviate some of the computation burden as well as to improve the accuracy associated with complex system analyses. This paper investigates dimensionality reduction techniques for linear, time‐invariant systems subject to general non‐linear parameter dependencies. In the context of this paper, dimensionality reduction refers to simultaneous reductions in both model state order and parameter order, i.e. number of uncertain parameters. Two complementary approaches will be presented, one based on the worst‐case H‐infinity norm error associated with both model state and parameter‐order reductions, and another, which is essentially the inverse problem, that considers the largest allowable parameter bounds for a given total H‐infinity norm error for the dimensionally reduced problem. Although applicable to larger‐order systems, a simple low‐order spring–mass example is used to demonstrate the usefulness of the techniques developed herein. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measuring social values in philanthropic foundations
Authors: Whitman John R. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPhilanthropic foundations are seen as organizations that allocate resources to achieve their visions of a better world. Drawing on a sample of foundations in Canada, the United States, and Europe, this research undertakes to reveal the social values that constitute such visions and to measure the consistency between espoused social values and those conveyed by resource allocations. A social values identification and measurement instrument is described and tested. The social values that comprise the instrument are presented in a chart of social values. A methodology for measuring the consistency between social values espoused by a foundation and those actually conveyed by resource allocation decisions is described, tested, and critiqued. It is argued that the results of this research provide a basis on which to pursue development of a standardized vocabulary of social values that may enhance understanding and discourse regarding the purposes and work of foundations, as well as provide a basis for cross‐cultural comparative analyses of foundations.
Factors affecting member perceptions of coalition impact
Authors: Wells Rebecca , Feinberg Mark , Alexander Jeffrey A. , Ward Ann J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify attributes of communitybased coalitions associated with member perceptions of greater impact. Based on Hackman's model of work group effectiveness, we hypothesized that member effort, knowledge and skill, and performance strategies would affect their perceptions of coalition impact. Findings from a lagged regression on a sample of forty‐five youth‐oriented coalitions indicated that two aspects of member effort were associated with subsequent perceived impact, as were performance strategies for both coalition governance and community interventions. There were no associations, however, between member knowledge and skill and perceived impact. These results suggest that leaders may improve perceived coalition impact by encouraging member participation in discussions and interventions and by developing effective strategies for both governance and implementation.
Isotopic ecology and human palaeodiets in the lower basin of the Colorado River, Buenos Aires province, Argentina
Authors: Martínez G. , Zangrando A. F. , Prates L. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractResults of stable isotope analyses are presented for the study of human subsistence in the lower basin of the Colorado River, Buenos Aires province, Argentina. This paper provides the most current state of knowledge concerning isotopic research in the study area, which in turn sheds new light on such a significant region as the Pampa‐Patagonia transitional zone, spatially related to the Atlantic coast. In addition, information from the middle basin of the Negro River is incorporated in the analysis and discussion. Both the construction of an isotopic ecology and the prehistoric human diets derived from δ13C and δ15N human isotope values for the area are explored. Stable isotope analysis of modern plants indicates a C3 plant‐based environment. Animal resources have δ13C values that indicate a diet based mainly on C3 products. Nevertheless, they have highly variable δ15N values. Human isotopic values have the following mean values: −18.8‰ ± 1.08‰ for δ13CCOL (n = 25), and 11.98‰ ± 1.34‰ for δ15N (n = 25). As a general trend, the results obtained from both C and N isotopic signals indicate a diet based on the consumption of protein provided by meat of terrestrial herbivores (e.g. artiodactyls) with the complement of fish. These results are in agreement with the data obtained from the zooarchaeological record for the Late Holocene. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stable isotopes and archaeology in central Chile: methodological insights and interpretative problems for dietary reconstruction
Authors: Tykot R. H. , Falabella F. , Planella M. T. , Aspillaga E. , Sanhueza L. , Becker C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis paper discusses the problems faced when making interpretations of human stable isotope values due to the various explanatory alternatives that arise when reading archaeological data. These interpretative issues are analysed and discussed using the isotopic results for approximately 100 human individuals from archaeological contexts spanning from 5000 BC to 1540 AD in central Chile, supported by data for more than 50 plant and animal samples to establish a local C3 and C4 baseline. A number of assumptions are frequently used to establish the bridge between isotopic results in human tissues and their corresponding diets. The problem is that different assumptions lead to different dietary reconstructions. Past feeding experiments on herbivores, pigs, rats and mice give different results, so we need to be cautious when applying these models to human isotope data. One specific problem concerns estimates of % C4 from collagen and apatite data, a very important issue when looking for evidence of maize in archaeological contexts, which was one of the major objectives we had in the isotopic analyses of archaeological specimens in central Chile. We conclude that the opportunity for estimating the actual percentage of C4 foods in human diets is limited, since a specific apatite fractionation value for humans cannot be experimentally determined, while maize consumption is underrepresented in bone collagen. This may be addressed in our study by sampling more specimens of wild gramineae to establish baseline plant values, more humans that could have had a low maize intake, and more Archaic period individuals when there was certainly no maize in the region. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Camelid handling in the meridional Andes during the first millennium AD: a preliminary approach using stable isotopes
Authors: Izeta A. D. , Laguens A. G. , Marconetto M. B. , Scattolin M. C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractStable isotope analysis has been used in archaeology to answer a variety of questions. In general, the study of human palaeodiets has been the main subject. Studies of past animal feeding behaviour have not been considered extensively in South America. In this paper we discuss the interpretation of theδ13C values in camelid bone specimens on the basis of published and new data from the southern Andes (northwestern Argentina). The temporal frame is mainly focused in the first millennium AD (part of the local Formative Period – 400 BC to 600 AD – as well as the Regional Integration Period at 600–1000 AD, and the Late Period at 1000–1500 AD) which for this area implies a time of great social changes. Samples from modern Camelidae family were used to compare with those from archaeological sites, interpreting two different patterns that can be associated with distinctive animal feeding strategies. We suggest that these strategies can be associated with human management rather than free‐range camelid feeding behaviour. Thus stable isotopes become an innovative strategy to segregate domestic from wild camelids, complementing those results achieved by osteometric and statistical analyses. Moreover, they allow for camelid management interpretation in three different localities of the area from the above‐mentioned different periods. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Patient attitudes toward fertility preservation
Authors: Schover Leslie R. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe increased survival rates for pediatric cancer patients and for some malignancies that are common in young adults, such as testicular cancer and Hodgkin disease have led to an increased focus on preserving fertility. Research on the psychosocial aspects of cancer‐related infertility is a recent development, but we know that both young men and women value parenthood after cancer. At least 75% of survivors who were childless at diagnosis would like future offspring. For those who do not become parents, long‐term distress is common. Younger teens may have difficulty assessing whether parenthood will be important to them in the future, and informed consent protocols need to respect their desires rather than deferring too much to parents. We do not know whether parenting a non‐biological child (adopted, conceived through third‐party reproduction, or a stepchild) reduces distress as much as being able to have one's own genetic offspring. Survivors often have exaggerated concerns about their children's health risks, but still prefer to have biological children if possible. More research is needed on whether participating in fertility preservation reduces long‐term distress about cancer‐related fertility. Better evidence‐based programs to educate families and reduce decisional conflict are needed. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:281–284. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and thermal properties of cyanate esters containing sulfoxide linkage
Authors: Anuradha G. , Rakesh S. , Sarojadevi M. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA series of new bisphenols containing sulfoxide has been prepared from various substituted phenols and thionyl chloride using AlCl3 as catalyst. These bisphenols were converted to their respective cyanate esters by reacting with cyanogen bromide. The structures of all the five bisphenols and cyanate esters have been confirmed by FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectral methods and elemental analysis. The thermal properties of cyanate ester resins were studied by DSC and TGA. The glass transition temperature of the cured sulfoxide bridged cyanate esters are in the range of 181–236°C. The Cy(e) cyanate ester shows high thermal stability due to linked interpenetrating polymer networks formed by allyl functionality. The initial thermal degradation temperature starts above 340°C. The char yield is in the range of 38–54%. The limiting oxygen index value is the range of 32.7–39.1. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
A comparison of women who continue and discontinue treatment for borderline personality disorder
Authors: Webb Daniel , McMurran Mary 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBackground Treatment non‐completion is a significant problem for personality disorder treatment services.Aims We investigated differences between treatment continuers and treatment discontinuers of a tertiary specialist service for people with borderline personality disorder. The two groups were compared on: (1) personality disorder severity; (2) motivation for therapy; (3) mood; and (4) social problem solving.Method Patients' personality disorders were examined using the International Personality Disorder Examination. Three self‐report questionnaires were administered at the start of treatment: the Treatment Motivation Questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Social Problem Solving Inventory‐Revised.Results Of 14 outpatients recruited to the service during 2005 to 2007, seven continued and seven discontinued treatment. Those who did not continue with therapy had more complex personality disorder profiles, were more externally motivated for treatment and were less internally motivated for treatment. All patients scored high on the HADS. Problem‐solving abilities were apparently intact, but adversely affected by a negative problem orientation. Treatment discontinuers spent, on average, three times longer in hospital than continuers.Conclusion Engaging people with complex personality disorders, low internal motivation for therapy and negative problem orientation is a challenge for services. Non‐completion of treatment is associated with more days in hospital and higher service costs. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DAP emission band in a carbon doped (1‐101)GaN grown on (001)Si substrate
Authors: Honda Yoshio , Hikosaka Toshiki , Yamaguchi Masahito , Sawaki Nobuhiko , Pozina Galia , Karlsson Fredrik , Darakchieva Vanya , Paskov Plamen , Monemar Bo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractOptical spectra of a C‐doped (1‐101) GaN are investigated via time resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. Samples with different C‐doping levels were prepared by metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy using C2H2 as the doping precursor. A carbon related emission peak is identified at 375 nm which shows typical behaviours for a donor‐acceptor‐pair emission band. The acceptor level is estimated to be 190 meV which is at 43 meV shallower than that in an Mg doped GaN. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Instilling a new learning, work and communication culture through systemically integrated technology in education
Authors: Eteokleous‐Grigoriou Nikleia 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis research work discusses technology integration in education by applying the major concepts and principles that underlie the systems approach. Information and communications technology (ICT) provides a realistic, visually compelling and motivating interactive environment for developing students' skills and knowledge needed in today's globalized, hi‐tech, multicultural environment. The paper puts the major concepts of the systems approach into practice in an attempt to instil a new learning, communication and work culture through technology integration in the educational settings. Based on the above, a roadmap is proposed for introducing and diffusing computer technology integration in the educational systems. The suggested roadmap proposes a new educational approach to technology integration, which can improve its application in schools and open various educational opportunities. It is a recommendation to stakeholders who have the power to advocate for and implement systemic change in order to redesign the educational systems in terms of technology integration. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Practical implications for student affairs professionals' work in facilitating students' inner development
Authors: Seifert Tricia A. , Holman‐Harmon Noël 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis chapter discusses ways student affairs practitioners can aid students on the journey to asking and answering life's big questions. The suggestions are based on a study that compares student affairs practitioners' sense of life purpose and spiritual well‐being relative to their engagement in practices associated with students' inner development.
1,2‐, 1,7‐ and 1,12‐Dicarba‐closo‐dodecaborane(12) Derivatives Revisited by 13C NMR Spectroscopy and DFT Calculations. First Observation of Isotope‐Induced Chemical Shifts 1Δ10/11B(13C), and the Signs and Magnitudes of Coupling Constants 1J(13C,13C) and 1J(13C,11B)
Authors: Wrackmeyer Bernd , García Hernández Zureima , Lang Julian , Tok Oleg L. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe origin of broadening of 13C(carborane) NMR signals of 1,2‐, 1,7‐ and 1,12‐dicarba‐closo‐dodecaboranes(12) and several diphenylsilyl derivatives has been examined in detail and could be traced only partially to unresolved 13C–11B spin‐spin coupling. Other contributions to the line widths arise from 13C–1H dipole‐dipole interactions and, in particular, from isotope‐induced chemical shifts 1Δ10/11B(13C), observed here for carboranes for the first time. In the case of 1‐diphenylsilyl‐1,2‐dicarba‐closo‐dodecaborane(12), the coupling constant 1J(13C,13C) = 9.3 Hz was measured in natural abundance of 13C. The small value of this coupling constant and its negative sign is predicted by calculations based on optimised structures [B3LYP/6‐311+G(d,p) level of theory] of the parent carboranes and 1‐silyl‐1,2‐dicarba‐closo‐dodecaborane(12) as a model compound [calcd. 1J(13C,13C) = –10.5 Hz]. Calculated coupling constants 1J(13C,11B) are small (<7 Hz), in contrast to published assumptions, and of either sign, whereas 1J(11B,11B) are all positive and range up to 15 Hz.
New Germanium‐rich Compounds SrCo5–xGe9 (x = 0.39 and 0.28) with Optimized Co–Ge Bonding
Authors: Hlukhyy Viktor , Fässler Thomas F. , Claus Peter 
Published: March 2009

AbstractNew germanium‐rich compounds SrCo5–xGe9 (x = 0.39 and 0.28) were synthesized by melting mixtures of the three elements by induction heating in niobium crucibles in a water‐cooled sample chamber. Both compounds were investigated by X‐ray powder and single‐crystals diffraction methods; the structures have been refined on the basis of single‐crystal data. The compounds crystallize with a new structure type: Pnma, Z = 4, a = 13.932(4), b = 3.957(1), c = 16.838(7) Å, wR2 = 0.064, 1099 F2 values, 93 variables for x = 0.39 and a = 13.951(3), b = 3.964(1), c = 16.869(5) Å, wR2 = 0.046, 1543 F2 values, 93 variables for x = 0.28. The complex crystal structure is built up from slabs of Ge4Co2 octahedra, which consist of five columns of face‐sharing octahdra along the b direction. The columns are connected in the ac plane by sharing vertices. These slabs are connected by {Sr@Co5Ge15} polyhedra, which share pentagonal faces of germanium atoms along b. The columns are further condensed by common edges along the a direction. Centering strontium atoms form slightly puckered layers in the ab plane. Along the c direction, the layers of strontium‐centered polyhedra are interconnected by the slabs of Ge4Co2 octahedra. The Co5 site of the structure shows defects (39 % and 28 %) leading to the refined composition SrCo5–xGe9 for the investigated crystals with x = 0.39 and 0.28. The catalytic properties of the title compound with respect to the selective hydrogenation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes are discussed.
Unilateral contact of elastoplastic bodies with uncertain input data
Authors: Hlaváček I. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA unilateral frictionless contact of two elastoplastic bodies is considered within the range of the deformation theory of plasticity. The material functions and the loading are uncertain, being prescribed in a given sets of admissible functions. The worst scenario method is employed. Approximate problems are proposed on the basis of finite elements and the secant modulus method. The solvability of both the original and the approximate worst scenario problem is proved. Some theoretical convergence analysis is presented.
Effect of environmental factors on the spatio-temporal patterns of influenza spread
Authors: CHARLAND K. M. L. , BUCKERIDGE D. L. , STURTEVANT J. L. , MELTON F. , REIS B. Y. , MANDL K. D. , BROWNSTEIN J. S. 
Published: March 2009

SUMMARYAlthough spatio-temporal patterns of influenza spread often suggest that environmental factors play a role, their effect on the geographical variation in the timing of annual epidemics has not been assessed. We examined the effect of solar radiation, dew point, temperature and geographical position on the city-specific timing of epidemics in the USA. Using paediatric in-patient data from hospitals in 35 cities for each influenza season in the study period 2000–2005, we determined ‘epidemic timing’ by identifying the week of peak influenza activity. For each city we calculated averages of daily climate measurements for 1 October to 31 December. Bayesian hierarchical models were used to assess the strength of association between each variable and epidemic timing. Of the climate variables only solar radiation was significantly related to epidemic timing (95% CI −0·027 to −0·0032). Future studies may elucidate biological mechanisms intrinsically linked to solar radiation that contribute to epidemic timing in temperate regions.
The violent interstellar medium of the Magellanic Cloud System
Authors: Chu You-Hua 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe interstellar gas of the Magellanic System is subject to the harassment of tidal interactions on galaxy-wide scales and stellar energy feedback on sub-galactic scales. Hisurveys of the Magellanic System have produced spectacular images of the tidally displaced interstellar gas in the Magellanic Bridge and Streams. Multi-wavelength observations of the interstellar gas in the Magellanic Clouds have revealed gas components in physical conditions ranging from cold molecular cloud to hot ionized coronal gas. While stellar energy feedback is responsible for heating and dispersing interstellar gas, it can also compress ambient cloud to form stars. I will useChandra,XMM-Newton,FUSE,HST,Spitzer,ATCA, and other ground-based observations to illustrate the interplay among massive stars, interstellar medium, and star formation.
The magnetic field structure of the Small Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Magalhães Antonio Mário , Gomes Aiara Lobo , de Almeida Vidotto Aline , Rodrigues Cláudia Vilega , Pereyra Antonio , Wisniewski John , Bjorkman Karen , Bjorkman Jon , Meade Marilyn , Babler Brian L. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe describe two studies of the interstellar magnetic field in regions of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), including those affected by the interaction with the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). We use optical polarization data from aligned grains in the interstellar medium of the SMC in order to map the sky-projected direction of the magnetic field and determine characteristics of the SMC and Pan-Magellanic field structures. The earlier, photoelectric data are reanalyzed and they provide values for the average projected magnetic field intensity (1.7 × 10−6G) and the random field component intensity (3.5 × 10−6G). Another on-going program uses imaging data and, when concluded, will allow more local estimates of the field intensity in the SMC NE/Wing regions. Additional goals include cross-correlating our field mapping results with those of point sources and structures found by the Spitzer Space Telescope in the SMC between 3.6 and 8 μm.
Star-formation masers in the Magellanic Clouds: A multibeam survey with new detections and maser abundance estimates
Authors: Green J. A. , Caswell J. L. , Fuller G. A. , Avison A. , Breen S. L. , Brooks K. , Burton M. G. , Chrysostomou A. , Cox J. , Diamond P. J. , Ellingsen S. P. , Gray M. D. , Hoare M. G. , Masheder M. R. W. , McClure-Griffiths N. M. , Pestalozzi M. , Phillips C. , Quinn L. , Thompson M. A. , Voronkov M. A. , Walsh A. , Ward-Thompson D. , Wong-McSweeney D. , Yates J. A. , Cohen R. J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe results of the first complete survey for 6668-MHz CH3OH and 6035-MHz excited-state OH masers in the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds are presented. A new 6668-MHz CH3OH maser in the Large Magellanic Cloud has been detected towards the star-forming region N 160a, together with a new 6035-MHz excited-state OH maser detected towards N 157a. We also re-observed the previously known 6668-MHz CH3OH masers and the single known 6035-MHz OH maser. Neither maser transition was detected above ~0.13 Jy in the Small Magellanic Cloud. All observations were initially made using the CH3OH Multibeam (MMB) survey receiver on the 64-m Parkes radio telescope as part of the overall MMB project. Accurate positions were measured with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). In a comparison of the star formation maser populations in the Magellanic Clouds and our Galaxy, the LMC maser populations are demonstrated to be smaller than their Milky Way counterparts. CH3OH masers are under-abundant by a factor of ~50, whilst OH and H2O masers are a factor of ~10 less abundant than our Galaxy.