bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Twins and Their Health Cost: Consequences of Multiple Births on Parental Health and Mortality in Denmark and England and Wales
Authors: Tomassini Cecilia , Grundy Emily , Skytthe Axel , Christensen Kaare 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe rapid increase in twinning rates in developed countries has increased interest in the question as to whether twin mothers have higher mortality and more health problems than mothers of singletons. Here we use a national survey, the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study of England & Wales, and a linkage between the Danish Twin Registry and the Danish population register to examine mortality patterns after age 45 (50 for fathers) for twin parents and the whole population born from 1911 to 1950. For England and Wales, presence of limiting long-term illnesses and self-rated health status was also investigated. Overall similar health and mortality was found for twin parents and the whole population although both life table methods and survival analysis suggested a slight excess mortality among older cohorts of twin mothers in England and Wales.
De iusto Job quando venerunt tres amici eius ut viderent eum (Oxford, Bodleian Library, Holkham 24 [olim 90], 173v-175r)
Authors: Dochhorn Jan 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The article contains the first edition of a short version of the 4th ps.-chrysostomic homily (PG 56, 576-582). Often the excerptor shortens the text that can be found in PG, but sometimes even additions or slight modifications can be observed due to a today unknown longer version of this homily or to the re-thinking of the excerptor himself.
Fragen zu H.G. Thümmels Synthese „Die Konzilien des byzantinischen Bilderstreits“
Authors: Ritter Adolf Martin 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The article refers to H.G. Thümmels interpretation of the struggle about iconoclasm. Ritter raises several questions, e.g. if the councils of that period are indeed controlled mainly by the emperor and politics, if the level of theological argumentation is indeed quite modest etc. Ritter hints even to the fact that the arguments put forward by H. Ohme should reconsidered by Thümmel.
Zur Bedeutung der Targume bei der Herausbildung des MONAXOΣ-Konzeptes in den Nag Hammadi-Texten
Authors: Bumazhnov Dmitrij 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Generally the scholarly consensus lead the greek term μovαχóς (monk) back to the syriac word îḥîdāyā. Evidences from the targumim, however, make it possible to assume that μovαχóς on its early stages of development which are partly available to us through the Nag Hammadi writings Gospel of Thomas and Dialogue of the Savior might have been influenced by the concept of the Aramaic yəḥyd'a.
A Note on the Term Homoioousios
Authors: Barnes Timothy 
Published: March 2007

Zusammenfassung
Der Artikel analysiert die Quellen für die Annahme einer homöusianischen Partei im Trinitarischen Streit des 4. Jahrhunderts. Hierfür ist besonders zu beachten, daß das Wort

(mit doppeltem Omikron, parallel zu einer lateinischen Umschreibung homoeousios) erst im Sommer 358 erfunden wurde (nicht schon 355 oder 356), nur wenige Jahre lang benutzt wurde, bevor es sehr bald verschwand. Dies läßt sich anhand von Hilarius und Marius Victorinus erkennen, besonders aber am kompletten Fehlen des Wortes bei den Kappadokiern. Anderslautende Nachrichten in der Kirchengeschichte des Sozomenus sind hingegen nicht vertrauenswürdig.
Classification of Larval and Adult Delta Smelt to Nursery Areas by Use of Trace Elemental Fingerprinting
Authors: Hobbs James A. , Bennett William A. , Burton Jessica , Gras Michelle 
Published: March 2007

AbstractDifferent environmental conditions among habitats may generate unique elemental patterns within fish otoliths that can be used to trace the life history as well as the potential natal origin of migratory species. We investigated the use of trace elements in otoliths as natural tags for determining the natal origins of larval and adult delta smelt Hypomesus transpacificus within a single estuary. Larval fish were collected at potential natal sites within the San Francisco Bay Estuary—the North, Central, South, and West Delta areas, Suisun Bay, and Napa River—during May–June 1999; adults were collected in November 1999 throughout Suisun Bay. Using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, we assayed trace elements from core (natal) regions of the otolith (Sr:Ca, Mg:Ca, and Ba:Ca ratios). Linear discriminant function analysis (LDFA) was 90.9–100% successful at classifying larval fish to their natal habitats (Napa River, Sacramento River, and Delta). Adults of unknown natal origin were assigned to their natal regions using the larval fingerprints from LDFA and a maximum likelihood mixed‐stock approach. For the 1999 year‐class, we determined that a majority of the population originated from the Delta (77–79%) and a small but significant proportion of the population originated from the Napa River (16–18%) and Suisun Bay (4–8%). These data highlight the value of trace elements as natural tags for determining the natal origins of young fish and the relative contribution of different habitats to the adult population within a single estuary.
Advances in Wearable Multifunctional Devices Based on Human‐Body Energy Harvesting
Authors: Chu Huaqing , Xue Jiangtao , Luo Dan , Zheng Hui , Li Zhou 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWearable electronics with multi‐functionalities are widely utilized in various domains, including everyday living, healthcare, military training, and sports. Advances in flexible electronic technology, new materials, artificial intelligence technology, and sensor technology have accelerated the rapid development of smart wearable devices toward multifunctional and highly integrated trends. The energy supply technology based on the human‐body energy harvesting method endows wearable, multifunctional electronic devices with sustainable, renewable, and self‐powered characteristics, which proposes a solution strategy for the function expansion and energy supply of wearable devices. Herein, this paper discusses recent research on various methods of harvesting human body energy and wearing parts respectively, focusing on the new materials, structures, and processes involved in the representative studies, as well as the impact on energy harvesting and output, and functional applications. Furthermore, the challenges and obstacles faced in the creation of wearable multifunctional devices based on human self‐sufficiency and propose solution strategies to propel them in order to advance the creation of the next wave of intelligent wearable technology are also discussed.
Machine Learning Guided Strategies to Develop High Efficiency Indoor Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Mishra Snehangshu , Gaikwad Sangratna Baburao , Singh Trilok 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIndoor Perovskite Solar Cells (IPSCs) have recently gathered massive research attention, driven by their promising role in powering the continuously expanding Internet of Things (IoT) devices and simultaneous advancements in the Perovskite solar field. To further accelerate the development of IPSCs, a machine learning (ML) approach to assist the advancement of IPSCs is proposed in the current study. Here, a ML model to predict the most important performance parameters such as short circuit current (JSC), open circuit voltage (VOC), fill factor (FF), and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of IPSCs under various light sources and intensities is presented. This developed model can effectively predict the performances of Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs) operated under indoor illumination close to the true/experimental values. The factors affecting the IPSC performance by Correlation matrix and SHAPley analysis are also analyzed. These findings demonstrate that the proposed ML model provides accurate predictions of VOC, JSC, FF, and PCE of IPSCs, ultimately contributing to the optimization of solar cell performance under indoor environments and the advancement of renewable energy technology.
Dielectric elastomers with large actuation strain and high output force
Authors: Zhang Zi‐Li , Yang Bo , Xie Ya‐Kun , Zhao Yu , Feng Qi‐Yao , Yin Li‐Juan , Dang Zhi‐Min 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) is considered as an ideal artificial muscle with soft and light in nature, widespread application in soft robotics and sensors. Dielectric elastomer (DE), the core component of DEA, with high output force and large actuation strain under relatively low driving electric field is critical for high‐performance DEA. However, the widely used VHB series (3M) DE suffered from very large pre‐strain and high driving voltage to get their high actuation performance, limiting their scope of application. In this work, the DEs with good mechanical and dielectric properties were prepared via UV curing method consisting of acrylic acid (AA) with strong polar groups as functional monomer, n‐butyl acrylate (BA) as soft monomer and urethane acrylate as cross‐linker (c‐p(BA‐AA)). The c‐p(BA‐AA) DE films obtained the simultaneous increasing of dielectric constant and breakdown strength with the increasing content of AA, which guaranteed the good actuation performance. The c‐p(BA‐AA) film exhibited excellent actuating performance (44.11% actuation strain at 45 kV/mm) without pre‐strain. Besides, a simple linear actuator based on the c‐p(BA‐AA) film could easily output weight that is tens of times of its own active weight (654.1 mN/g at 30 kV/mm).
Disclosing the dependencies of ferroelectric and piezoelectric performances on crystalline states of P(VDF‐TrFE) films by molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Shi Jinxiang , Xia Weimin , Wang Xusheng , Wang Jiahao , Yang Zi , Wang Yinghui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe present a molecular dynamics simulation method including x‐ray diffractometer pattern calculation, mean square displacement (MSD), and nonbonding energy distribution (NED) to disclose the dependencies of condensed structure on its crystalline process of the poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE)) films. For comparison, the P(VDF‐TrFE) solution is casted into the films, and followed that different thermal processes are performed to fabricate the crystalline states of the films. Simulation and experimental results have good consistency, indicating that high temperature annealing can effectively promote all‐trans β phase in the crystal region of P(VDF‐TrFE). As such, P(VDF‐TrFE) 80/20 mol% annealing at 140°C shows a higher MSD (~27.5 Å2) and a faster reducing rate of NED than that of other films, contributing to a large maximum polarization (Ps) of ~15.5 μC cm−2, high a remnant polarization (Pr) of ~11.8 μC cm−2, and an attractive piezoelectric strain coefficient (d33) of −27.1 pC N−1 under 200 MV m−1, respectively, and providing a reference for the applications of P(VDF‐TrFE) in flexible sensors, actuators, transducers, and so forth.
The (o‐p‐o)‐Terphenyl Embedded Calix[2]phyrin(2.2.1.1.1) and Its Cu(II) Complex
Authors: Pradhan Sourav Ranjan , Prasad Chetan Kumar , Das Mainak , Srinivasan A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe introduction of a higher arene unit as a structural motif is unprecedented in calixphyrin chemistry. Herein, the syntheses, spectral and structural characterization of heretofore anonymous terphenylene unit (o‐p‐o) incorporated calixphyrin with fused sp2 meso carbons is reported. The explicitly tailored macrocyclic core is utilized to stabilize the Cu(II) metal ion. The molecular structures of the calixbenziphyrin and Cu(II) complex are unambiguously confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray analysis. Moreover, theoretical supports uphold experimental conclusions.
Clinicopathological features of adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma with T‐follicular helper phenotype
Authors: Muto Reiji , Miyoshi Hiroaki , Nakashima Kazutaka , Takeuchi Mai , Hamasaki Makoto , Ohshima Koichi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsT‐follicular helper (TFH) cells are effector T‐cells that are crucial for B‐cell selection and differentiation. T‐cell lymphomas derived from TFH cells have distinct characteristics. Additionally, in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification 5th edition, three lymphomas were introduced as independent disease entities with TFH cell origin. We aimed to investigate the clinicopathological features of adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) with a TFH phenotype (TFHP).Methods and ResultsWe performed TFH immunohistochemistry analysis of five biomarkers for the biopsy specimen, with TFHP being indicated by a positive result for more than two markers. Among 75 cases of ATLL, 37.3% of them showed TFHP. Compared with cases of ATLL without TFHP, cases of ATLL with TFHP showed higher C‐reactive protein levels (p = 0.0219) and increased high endothelial venule proliferation (p = 0.024). However, there were no significant between‐group differences in overall survival as well as other clinical and morphological findings. Furthermore, there was no significant between‐group difference in TFH markers and FOXP3 expression.ConclusionSome patients with ATLL may present a TFHP, which should not preclude the diagnosis of ATLL. Although presenting a TFHP does not affect prognosis, it is important to identify cases of ATLL with a TFHP since it may inform future treatment strategies.
A nomogram prediction model of pseudomyxoma peritonei established based on new prognostic factors of HE stained pathological images analysis
Authors: Ma Ru , Su Yan‐Dong , Yan Feng‐Cai , Lin Yu‐Lin , Gao Ying , Li Yan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundPseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare clinical malignant syndrome, and its rarity causes a lack of pathology research. This study aims to quantitatively analyze HE‐stained pathological images (PIs), and develop a new predictive model integrating digital pathological parameters with clinical information.MethodsNinety‐two PMP patients with complete clinic‐pathological information, were included. QuPath was used for PIs quantitative feature analysis at tissue‐, cell‐, and nucleus‐level. The correlations between overall survival (OS) and general clinicopathological characteristics, and PIs features were analyzed. A nomogram was established based on independent prognostic factors and evaluated.ResultsAmong the 92 PMP patients, there were 34 (37.0%) females and 58 (63.0%) males, with a median age of 57 (range: 31–76). A total of 449 HE stained images were obtained for QuPath analysis, which extracted 40 pathological parameters at three levels. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed eight clinicopathological characteristics and 20 PIs features significantly associated with OS (p < 0.05). Partial least squares regression was used to screen the multicollinearity features and synthesize four new features. Multivariate survival analysis identified the following five independent prognostic factors: preoperative CA199, completeness of cytoreduction, histopathological type, component one at tissue‐level, and tumor nuclei circularity variance. A nomogram was established with internal validation C‐index 0.795 and calibration plots indicating improved prediction performance.ConclusionsThe quantitative analysis of HE‐stained PIs could extract the new prognostic information on PMP. A nomogram established by five independent prognosticators is the first model integrating digital pathological information with clinical data for improved clinical outcome prediction.
Increasing Activity of Trimetallic Oxygen Reduction PtNiMo/C Catalysts Through Initial Conditioning
Authors: Danisman Bilal , Zhang Gui‐Rong , Baumunk Adrian F. , Yang Juntao , Brummel Olaf , Darge Philipp , Dworschak Dominik , Mayrhofer Karl J. J. , Libuda Jörg , Zhou Xin , Wu Mingjian , Spiecker Erdmann , Ledendecker Marc , Etzold Bastian J. M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the importance of preconditioning in Pt‐alloy catalysts for oxygen–reduction reactions. Previous research indicated that slower scanning rates during preconditioning initially boost activity, but this is followed by a rapid decline. The study reveals the required number of cycles to achieve the first constant steady state activity in PtNiMo/C catalysts when using slower scanning rates during preconditioning. It also highlights the resulting activity differences. Remarkably, a catalyst preconditioned with 150 slow cycles showed an activity of approximately 1.25 mA cm−2 at 0.90 VRHE, significantly higher than one preconditioned at a fast rate (0.82 mA cm−2). Both ex–situ and in–situ analyses revealed that Pt, along with Ni, was leached during pretreatment. At slower scan rates of 20 mV s−1, the dissolved Pt redeposited as highly active, small‐sized clusters or single atoms. Fast scan rates of of 500 mV s−1, in contrast, resulted in fewer such clusters. Accelerated stress tests up to 1.10 VRHE confirmed the high stability of these clusters, demonstrating a substantial activity increase even after 24,000 cycles.
Fingerprints of Chalcogen Bonding Revealed Through 77Se‐NMR
Authors: Fellowes Thomas , Sani Marc A. , White Jonathan M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract77Se‐NMR is used to characterise several chalcogen bonded complexes of derivatives of the organoselenium drug ebselen, exploring a range of electron demand. NMR titration experiments support the intuitive understanding that chalcogen bond donors bearing more electron withdrawing substituents give rise stronger chalcogen bonds. The chemical shift of the selenium nucleus is also shown to move upfield as it participates in a chalcogen bond. Solid‐state NMR is used to explore chalcogen bonding in co‐crystals. Due to the lack of molecular reorientation on the NMR timescale in the solid state, the shape of the chemical shift tensor can be determined using this technique. A range of co‐crystals are shown to have extremely large chemical shift anisotropy, which suggests a strongly anisotropic electron density distribution around the selenium atom. A single crystal NMR experiment was conducted using one of the co‐crystals, affording the absolute orientation of the chemical shift tensor within the crystal. This showed that the selenium nucleus is strongly shielded in the direction of the chalcogen bond (due to the approach of the lone pair of the Lewis base), and strongly deshielded in the perpendicular direction. The orientation of the deshielded axis is consistent with the presence of a second σ‐hole which is not participating in a chalcogen bond, showing the profound effect of electron density anisotropy on the chemical shift.
Superiority of anthracycline‐free treatment in standard‐risk acute promyelocytic leukemia: A systematic review and comparative epidemiological analysis
Authors: Langdon Kane , Cosentino Stevie , Wawryk Olivia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecent advances in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML) have seen unprecedented improvements in patient outcomes. However, such rapid growth in understanding often leads to uncertainty regarding superiority among candidate treatment regimens, especially when further scrutinized from an epidemiological perspective.AimsThe aim of this systematic review with epidemiological analysis was to identify and compare commonly utilized protocols for standard‐risk APML with a particular focus on complete remission (CR), overall/disease‐free survival (DFS), and reported adverse events.Methods and ResultsMedline, Scopus, and CINAHL were interrogated to identify studies utilizing all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in addition to arsenic trioxide (ATO) and/or anthracyclines such as idarubicin (IDA) in the treatment of de‐novo APML. After collation of studies, an epidemiological analysis was subsequently performed to compare protocols with regards to outcomes of interest using number needed to benefit (NNB) and number needed to harm (NNH) measures.Seventeen articles, describing 12 distinct trials, were included in the analysis. These trials made use of three unique protocols; CR rates were 94%–100% for ATO/ATRA regimens, 95%–96% for ATO/ATRA/anthracycline regimens, and 89%–94% for ATRA/anthracycline regimens. Epidemiological analysis demonstrated NNB for CR was 9.09 (ATO/ATRA vs. ATRA/IDA) and 20.00 (ATO/ATRA vs. ATO/ATRA/IDA), NNH for neutropenia was −3.45 (ATO/ATRA vs. ATRA/IDA), and NNH for infection was −3.13 (ATO/ATRA vs. ATRA/IDA) and −1.89 (ATO/ATRA vs. ATO/ATRA/IDA).ConclusionThe ATO/ATRA regimen is superior to chemotherapy‐containing protocols at inducing remission and promoting survival in patients with APML. The regimen is better tolerated than the proposed alternatives with fewer adverse events. Future research opportunities include quantifying APML epidemiology and pursuing oral arsenic as an option for simplification of therapeutic protocols.
In Search of Visible Light Activatable Photocages: Structure‐Activity Relationship Study on C‐8 Substituted Indene‐Fused‐Coumarinyl Photoremovable Protecting Groups
Authors: Zhou Jiansong , Zhang Haoran , Shi Xingzi , Liu Wei , Liang Li , Xia Shuang , Yan Jun , Sun Xiaohua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA series of C‐8 substituted indeno[1,2‐g]coumarin‐based photoremovable protecting groups (PPGs) were synthesized. para‐Substituted benzoic acids were employed as leaving groups to evaluate their photolytic efficiency. Substitution of phenyl groups was proved to have negative impacts on photochemical properties of the PPGs, including but not limited to: retarded photolysis course, decreased uncaging quantum yield, and unsatisfactory cargo release yield. Electron‐donating diethylamino substituted PPG 3 d, a structural analogue of the widely used 7‐diethylaminocoumarin PPG (DEACM), exhibited red‐shifted absorption maximum and improved optical properties. Photochemical characterization revealed that PPG 3 d not only showed comparable photolytic efficiency to DEACM at 365 nm and 405 nm, but also demonstrated superior sensitivity towards 465 nm wavelength, to which DEACM is unable to absorb and therefore, non‐responsive. The >450 nm photosensitivity makes 3 d a complement to DEACM for long wavelength excitation and a promising PPG for biological applications.
The Use of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF) in Multi‐Component Hantzsch Dihydropyridine Synthesis
Authors: Jiang Jingjing , Queneau Yves , Popowycz Florence 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe renewable 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF) has gained a wide interest from the chemistry community as a valuable biobased platform opening the way to many applications. Despite an impressive number of publications reporting either its preparation or its functionalization, its direct use in fine chemistry, and especially in multi‐component reaction (MCR), is less reported. Here, we report a complete study of the use of 5‐HMF in the Hantzsch dihydropyridines synthesis. The strategy was applied to a scope of β‐dicarbonyl molecules (including β‐ketoesters and 1,3‐diketones) in a 3‐component procedure leading to a series of symmetrical 1,4‐dihydropyridines derived from 5‐HMF in excellent yields. The study was extended to the 4‐component protocol using one equivalent of a β‐ketoester and one equivalent of 5,5‐dimethyl‐1,3‐cyclohexanedione (dimedone), which efficiently provided the corresponding unsymmetrical dihydropyridines.