bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foliar-applied iron and zinc nanoparticles improved plant growth, phenolic compounds, essential oil yield, and rosmarinic acid production of Lemon balm (Melissa ofﬁcinalis L.)
Authors: Farnoush Samaneh , Masoudian Nahid , Afshar Akbar Safipour , Nematpour Fatemeh Saeid , Roudi Bostan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Metal nanoparticles (NPs) have been highlighted to improve plant growth and development in the recent years. Although positive effects of some NPs have been reported on medicinal plants, the knowledge for stimulations application of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) NPs is not available. Hence, the present work aimed to discover the effects of Fe NPs at 10, 20, and 30 mg L− 1 and Zn NPs at 60 and 120 mg L− 1 on growth, water content, photosynthesis pigments, phenolic content, essential oil (EO) quality, and rosmarinic acid production of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.). The results showed that Fe NPs at 20 and 30 mg L− 1 and Zn NPs at 120 mg L− 1 significantly improved biochemical attributes. Compared with control plants, the interaction of Fe NPs at 30 mg − 1 and Zn NPs at 120 mg L− 1 led to noticeable increases in shoot weigh (72%), root weight (92%), chlorophyll (Chl) a (74%), Chl b (47%), rosmarinic acid (66%), proline (1.8-fold), glycine betaine (GB, 3.3-fold), protein (3.8-fold), relative water content (8%), EO yield (3.1-fold), total phenolic content (63%), and total flavonoid content (57%). The agglomerative hierarchical clustering represented three different clusters for Zn NPs levels and three clusters for Fe NPs concentrations so that NPs at 10 and 20 mg L− 1 were placed in one cluster. Heat map analysis revealed that protein, GB, EO yield, shoot weight, root weight, and proline possessed the maximum changes upon Fe NPs. Totally, the present study recommended the stimulations application of Fe NPs at 20–30 mg L− 1 and Zn NPs at 120 mg L− 1 to reach the optimum growth and secondary metabolites of lemon balm.
An Oscillatory Deep Neural Network for Coupled Electrical Circuits
Authors: Rahman Jamshaid Ul , Makhdoom Faiza , Rashid Umair , Lu Dianchen , Akgül Ali , hassani murad khan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Electronic systems share an indispensable role in almost every modern industry and are therefore continuously evolving into more advanced and complex versions. Consequently, such systems need to be tackled with some cutting-edge techniques. Among a number of analytical and numerical techniques of this era, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have grabbed attention due to their universality and robustness on assigned tasks. In this work, an oscillatory Deep Neural Network (DNN) model has been proposed with an oscillatory activation function and specific layers’ structure to learn the dynamics of coupled LC-series circuits. The DNN model being suggested is flexible, easy to implement, and capable of diligently recovering the vibrating patterns of underlying dynamical systems. Outputs from the network are being compared with the results of LSODA numerical solvers. An error analysis for different time spans has also being performed, validating the successful recovery of solutions to the modeled problem, which is evident to the competency of proposed technique.
Complete genome sequence and construction of an infectious full-length cDNA clone of zucchini tigre mosaic virus isolate infecting snake gourd
Authors: Zhou Cuiji , Zheng Mingwei , Du Xianfeng , Cao Ziqi , Wu Jialin , Zhu Junhao , Nie Chengrong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Zucchini tigre mosaic virus (ZTMV) is a single-stranded positive RNA virus that belongs to the genus Potyvirus. In this study, infectious full-length cDNA clone of ZTMV infecting snake gourd (Trichosanthes cucumerina var. anguina L.) was constructed, which was infectious to the cucurbit plants tested, including snake gourd, Chieh-qua, zucchini, ridge gourd and bitter melon. The complete genome sequence of ZTMV-FS7 (PP291701) was determined. Its entire nucleotide sequence shared the highest identity with ZTMV-TW (86.2%). The P1 amino acid sequence of ZTMV-FS7 exhibited the highest sequence diversity, reaching up to 60.2%, which surpassed the diversity observed in other genomic regions.
Detection of Weak Pulse Signal in Chaotic Noise - Based on Att-CNN-LSTM model
Authors: Shen Xinyu , Zhao Shengli , Liu Feng , Wang Xin , LV Lindai 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A hybrid neural network based on the attention mechanism was proposed to achieve the detection of weak pulse signals in chaotic noise. Firstly, based on the high sensitivity to small interference and short-term predictability of chaotic signals , the phase space of observed signals was reconstruction. Then, Att-CNN-LSTM, a hybrid neural network based on the attention mechanism was proposed to predict chaotic signals, and the one-step prediction error was obtained, The detection problem of the observed signal can be transformed into a signal detection problem for the one-step prediction error. Finally, the weak impulse signal was detected from the prediction error by using the Z-test method. In the simulation experiments, the results of the proposed model were compared with those of the single convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory neural network (LSTM) model, the least square support vector machine, and the CNN-LSTM model without the attention mechanism. The simulation results show that the proposed model has higher prediction accuracy than other models at different signal-to-noise ratios(SNR), and achieves good performance in the detection of weak pulse signals when the SNR is greater than -140.91dB.
Consumption of milk and other dairy products and incidence of Parkinson’s disease: a prospective cohort study in French women
Authors: Louati-Hajji Mariem , Portugal Berta , Correia Emmanuelle , Laouali Nasser , Lee Pei-Chen , Artaud Fanny , Roze Emmanuel , Mancini Francesca Romana , Elbaz Alexis 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Previous studies on dairy products and Parkinson’s disease (PD) were inconsistent; a meta-analysis suggested that dairy increased risk in men only. Due to the long prodromal PD phase, reverse causation represents a major threat to investigations of diet in PD. We investigated associations between intake of milk and other dairy products with PD incidence, while considering reverse causation, in the E3N cohort study (1993–2018). PD diagnoses were validated using medical records and drug claim databases. Diet was assessed via a validated dietary questionnaire. Hazard ratios for incident PD were estimated using multivariable Cox regression models. Exposures were lagged by 5y in main analyses and longer lags in sensitivity analyses. We also examined the impact of adjustment for premotor symptoms. During a mean follow-up of 18.8y, 845 of 71,542 women developed PD. PD incidence increased significantly with pure milk consumption (HR/1-SD = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.02–1.14, P-linear = 0.011). A U-shaped relation was observed for milk added to coffee/tea (P-quadratic = 0.036), with lower PD incidence in women with moderate consumption (HR = 0.77 [0.61–0.97], P = 0.029) and no difference between non-drinkers and those with the highest consumption (HR = 0.98 [0.79–1.22], P = 0.878). Findings were similar in analyses using longer lags and adjusted for constipation/depression. Consumption of other dairy products was not associated with PD. Reverse causation is unlikely to explain the association of pure milk intake with increased PD incidence in women. There was a U-shaped relation for added milk, possibly explained by caffeine intake, and no association for other dairy products. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Speckle statistics as a tool to distinguish collective behaviors of Zebrafish shoals
Authors: Lyra Marcelo , Barbosa Anderson , de Souza Adauto , Romaguera Antonio , Vasconcelos Joâo , Negreiros-Neto Luis , de Oliveira Viviane , Cadena Pabyton 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Zebrafish have become an important model animal for studying the emergence of collective behav
ior in nature. Here, we show how to properly analyze the polarization statistics to distinguish shoal
regimes. In analogy with the statistical properties of optical speckles, we show that exponential
and Rayleigh distributions emerge in shoals with many fish with uncorrelated velocity directions.
In the opposite limit of just two fish, the polarization distribution peaks at high polarity, with the
average value being a decreasing function of the shoal’s size, even in the absence of correlations.
We also perform a set of experiments unveiling two shoaling regimes. Large shoals behave as small
domains with strong intra-domain and weak inter-domain correlations. A strongly correlated regime
develops for small shoals. The reported polarization statistical features shall guide future automated
neuroscience, pharmacological, toxicological, and embryogenesis-motivated experiments aiming to
explore the collective behavior of fish shoals.
Changes in blood lipid levels during various stages of pregnancy in women with type 2 diabetes and their effects on the incidence of large-for-gestational-age newborns
Authors: Bo Di , Yin Chunnan , Cheng Dongmei , Wei Jianxia , Shen Nan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aims: To study the effect of blood lipid changes on the incidence of large-for-gestational-age (LGA) fetuses in pregnant women with type 2 diabetes
Methods: We selected pregnant women with type 2 diabetes who delivered at our hospital between 2019 and 2022; compared blood lipids, blood glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin in each trimester; the alterations in blood lipids at different levels.
Results: In the hyperglycemic group, the incidence of LGA gradually increased commensurate with the increase in triglycerides (TG) in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy (14.3%, 20.0%, 37.5%, and 61%),(p<0.05). In the ideal blood-glucose control group, there was no such tendency. Pregnant women with poor blood-glucose control in the first trimester and those with good blood-glucose control in the later trimesters exhibited gradually increasing total cholesterol and TG in late pregnancy, causing a rise in the LGA ratio (p<0.05).
Conclusions: The increase in the absolute value of blood lipid concentrations in the first trimester exerted a greater impact on pregnant women with poor blood-glucose control, and this effect persisted after improved blood-glucose control. We posit that a reasonable reduction in the blood lipid levels of pregnant women with type 2 diabetes will reduce the incidence of LGA.
Assessment of Performance of the Profilers Provided in the OECD QSAR Toolbox for Category Formation of Chemicals
Authors: Aljallal Mohammed Abdulaziz , Chaudhry Qasim , Price Nicholas R. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Growing restrictions and bans on animal testing for chemical safety assessment under different regulations have led to an increasing use of alternative methods. Read-across is one of the major approaches used for this purpose, which relies on the identification of toxicological hazards of a data-poor or untested (target) chemical from data on other already-tested (source) similar chemicals. This requires the target substance to be first assigned to a group or category of ‘similar’ chemicals. The ‘similarity’ may be in terms of structural features alone, or in combination with certain rules that are based on mechanistic and/or toxicological aspects. In this regard, the OECD QSAR Toolbox - a major free-access in silico platform - is widely used to derive toxicity predictions for a range of (eco) toxicological endpoints. The Toolbox allows the user to identify a set of similar chemicals (analogues) by computational ‘profilers’ that incorporate different structural alerts, or a combination of structural alerts and physicochemical and/or toxicokinetic rules relevant to a specific toxicological endpoint. The overall aim of this study was to assess the performance of the in silico profilers provided in the OECD QSAR Toolbox for reliability for identifying chemical analogues for category formation in a number of high-quality databases on mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and skin sensitisation. The study also aimed to identify the reasons for any limitations in the performance of the profilers, and propose ways to improve their overall accuracy. The results showed that whilst some structural alerts are fit-for-purpose as such within the acceptable limits, others need refinement or a consideration for their possible exclusion from the profiler. Such refinements are imperative for a reliable use of the profilers in read-across and grouping/categorisation for classification, labelling and risk assessment of chemicals.
Critical swimming speed at different temperatures for small-bodied freshwater native riverine fish species
Authors: SOBENES CATTERINA , Díaz-Peralta Christian , Sandoval Francisca 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of fish total length (LT) and three water temperatures (10, 15 and 20 ºC) on the critical swimming speed (Ucrit) of the species Percilia irwini (2.9 – 6.3 cm LT), Cheirodon galusdae (3.4 – 5.5 cm LT), and Trichomycterus areolatus (4.0 – 6.3 cm LT). An Ucrit estimation model was constructed for each species as a function of temperature and size. The results showed mean Ucrit for P. irwini of 44.56, 53.83 and 63.2 cm s-1 at 10, 15 and 20 ºC, respectively: 55.34, 61.74 and 70.05 cm s-1 for C. galusdae and 56.18, 63.01 and 71.09 cm s-1 for T. areolatus. Critical velocity depended on the interaction between species, body length and water. The swimming performance increased significantly with rising temperature in all three species. The velocity also increased with greater LT. After controlling for LT, velocity also increased with higher temperature in the three species. This research is relevant to small fish species that require conservation measures.
Non-destructive measurement of rice grain size based on panicle structure using deep learning method
Authors: Deng Ruoling , Qi Long , Zhang Jing , Yin Ningxia , Hou Mingxin , Xu Xiaoming 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Rice grain size, grain length and grain width, are very important traits directly related to rice yield. The accurate measurement of these parameters is quite significant in research such as breeding, yield evaluation and variety improvement for rice. Traditional measurement methods still mainly rely on manual labor, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and error-prone. In this study, a novel method, dubbed “GSM-Method”, based on convolutional neural network and traditional image processing technology was developed for efficient and precise measurement of rice grain size parameters on rice panicle structure. Firstly, primary branch images of rice panicles were collected at the same height to build image database. Then, the grain detection model using convolutional neural network was established for grain recognition and localization. Subsequently, the calibration value was obtained through traditional image processing technology. Finally, the “GSM-Method” integrated with grain detection model and calibration value was developed for automatic measurement of grain size. The performance of the developed GS-Method was evaluated through testing 60 primary branch images. The test results showed that the root mean square error (RMSE) of grain length for two rice varieties (Huahang15 and Qingyang) were respectively 0.26 mm and 0.30 mm, while the corresponding RMSE of grain width was 0.27mm and 0.31mm, respectively. The proposed algorithm can provide an effective, convenient and low-cost tool for yield evaluation and breeding research.
Clustering and Investigation of Human Driving Behavior with Shoe Type in Urban Roads using Autoencoder
Authors: Shin Donghoon , Myoung Jinhee , Jeon Woongsun , Park Kang-moon 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This paper describes clustering and investigation of human driving behavior with shoe type in urban roads using autoencoder. The analysis of driving patterns for different shoe types is important as it has been known to affect safe driving due to the braking distance change. To this end, we analyzed the effect of the type of shoes on vehicle driving by using an autoencoder to train the data acquired from actual vehicle driving with two types of shoes. With successfully trained data, the driving characteristics have been clustered on various urban driving scenarios when a preceding vehicle exists. The validity and impact of the clustering results on safe driving were verified through collision risk analysis in order to investigate the safety effects of shoe types. It has been shown from vehicle tests that the proposed clustering analysis with probabilistic risk assessment presents a clear correlation between footwear choice and driving safety, with the maximum collision probability was reduced by 23%, and the maximum collision time was improved by 0.4 seconds when driving shoes were worn.
Physical and mental effects of different radical prostatectomy techniques on urologic surgeons
Authors: Ölçücü Mahmut Taha , Bolat Mustafa Suat , Yıldırım Kadir , Özgök Yasar , Tokas Theodoros , Gözen Ali Serdar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Oblective
In this web-based international survey study, we aimed to show association between physical exhaustion, and patient, relatives, and employers-related mental stress on surgeons performing open radical prostatectomy (ORP), laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP), and robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) .
Methods
A ten-question survey was sent to the urologists performing ORP, LRP, and RALP via e-mail and social media platforms. The techniques preferred by the participants and their possible associations with physical exhaustion, musculoskeletal complaints and stress caused by patients’ or patients’ relatives or employers’ expectations as well as regular exercise or sportive activities were investigated.
Results
A total of 160 urologists completed the survey. RALP group showed lower physical exhaustion rate and increased eye-strain (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). Although walking was the most preferred sportive activity, no correlation was found between regular sport or exercise and musculoskeletal complaints (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
Lower physical exhaustion was achieved in RALP technique compared to ORP and LRP. Although the number of participants limited, regular exercise weakly improved physical exhaustion and musculoskeletal complaints. We believe that encouraging the urologists dealing with LRP and RALP to force regular sportive activities would help to improve physical discomfort.
E-waste Challenges of Generative Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Wang Peng , Zhang Ling-Yu , Tzachor Asaf , Masanet Eric , Chen Wei-Qiang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Generative artificial intelligence (GAI), a subset of artificial intelligence, requires substantial computational hardware resources for data processing and model training. However, the electronic-waste (E-waste) toll of GAI remains underexplored and overlooked. Here, we propose a Computational Power-driven Material Flow Analysis (CP-MFA) model to measure GAI-related E-waste generation, with a specific focus on large language models. By quantifying server requirements and E-waste generation of GAI under different scenarios, we find that this emerging waste stream will grow at a rapid pace (16 million tons cumulative waste by 2030) with deleterious environmental impacts. Accordingly, we call for an early adoption of circular economy measures among server manufacturers and data center operators. This study reveals significant hardware-linked environmental implications in the context of GAI boom.
Relationship Between SII Levels and OAB Incidence- A Cross-Sectional Study Based on NHANES 2005-2020
Authors: Zhao Changfeng , Zhang Xinyu , Yang Yunkai , Wu Mengqi , Zhang Dahong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the Systemic Inflammatory Index (SII) among US adults from 2005 to 2020 and the incidence of Overactive Bladder (OAB). Additionally, a predictive model for OAB risk was constructed based on SII.
Methods
This cross-sectional study involved 11,427 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 2005 to 2020. SII was calculated based on peripheral blood results, while data on urinary conditions were assessed using the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS) to determine the presence of OAB. Participants were stratified into two groups based on the presence or absence of OAB, and baseline characteristics were compared. Then, the correlation between SII and OAB was explored using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses coupled with smoothed curve fitting. A multifactorial Logistic Regression model was established by selecting variables associated with OAB incidence, incorporating clinical significance, and constructing a nomogram. Lastly, the predictive ability of the nomogram for identifying OAB was evaluated using ROC curves, calibration curves, and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA).
Results
Among the examined 11,427 samples, individuals with OAB exhibited higher SII levels (475.59 (326.49–683.89) vs. 435.00 (315.00–615.57), p < 0.01). Both univariate and multivariate Logistic Regression analyses revealed a positive correlation between SII/1000 and the incidence of OAB. Moreover, smooth curve fitting demonstrated a non-linear positive correlation between OAB and SII/1000 (P-nonlinear < 0.05). Finally, our established nomogram could predict the risk of OAB (AUC = 0.754), holding clinical decision-making significance.
Conclusion
A positive correlation was identified between SII and the risk of OAB among American adults, highlighting the predictive value of SII for OAB incidence. However, larger-scale prospective studies are warranted to validate our findings.
Interpretation of melatonin-mediated vacuolar compartmentalization at the cellular level in the hyperaccumulator plant Solanum nigrum L. under cadmium stress
Authors: Yang Yan , Guan Wenjie , Li Zhishuai , Yang Lan , Yu Hongyan , Zou Luyi , Xu Hai , Teng Yue 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Melatonin can alleviate cadmium (Cd) stress in plants, but the cellular-level mechanism remains unclear, particularly in relation to its impact on detoxification processes within the protoplast and vacuole of plants. The plant Solanum nigrum L. was selected to explore the Cd concentration on vacuolar compartmentalization in the leaf cell under the application of exogenous melatonin. The contents of total Cd, Cd2+, ascorbic acid-glutathione (AsA-GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined in protoplasts and vacuoles of leaf cells through subcellular separation. It was found that vacuolar compartmentalization is a dynamic strategy accompanied by the reasonable allocation and continuous consumption of related substances outside the vacuole. Melatonin promoted a more reasonable allocation of resources outside the vacuole to maintain homeostasis. These findings might have implications for understanding melatonin-mediated cellular tolerance mechanisms and instructing the genetic ways to devise more ideal hyperaccumulator plants.