bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laryngeal tuberculosis as manifested in the decades 1963‐1983
Authors: Thaller Seth R. , Gross James R. , Pilch Ben Z. , Goodman Max L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractLaryngeal tuberculosis is usually a complication of pulmonary tuberculosis and the clinical patterns have changed in recent decades. To evaluate the changing patterns, we reviewed 15 patients seen at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary over a 20‐year period and diagnosed as having laryngeal tuberculosis.The results showed a mean age of 56 years; a male predominance by a 2:1 ratio; minimal pulmonary lesions on radiographic studies in nine patients and one normal radiograph; clinical simulation by the tuberculous lesion of laryngeal cancer; excellent response to antituberculosis therapy; and low infectivity.Laryngeal lesions and concurrent pulmonary lesions should alert the otolaryngologist to consider systemic disease processes and the most frequent granulomatous lesion of the larynx, tuberculosis.
Persistent traumatic perilymph fistulas
Authors: Glasscock Michael E. , McKennan Kevin X. , Levine Samuel C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThirty‐four ears have been explored to rule out perilymph fistulas resulting from ear trauma. Eight ears (24%) were identified with a fistula, often persisting months (average 7.5 months) after the precipitating injury. Repair of fistulas, even if done relatively late, markedly reduces vestibular symptoms and may improve low and middle frequency sensorineural hearing. Complications from negative explorations are rare.
Total thyroidectomy in the treatment of thyroid disease
Authors: Chonkich George D. , Petti George H. , Goral William 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn a review of thyroid surgery during the past 12 years, total thyroidectomy was performed in 20% of the cases. Forty percent were done for malignant disease and 60% for benign disease. Our indications for using this operation in benign thyroid disease include bilateral nodular goiter, Graves' disease, chronic thyroiditis, and cases in which the rapid frozen diagnosis is equivocal for carcinoma.We feel that the risks of reoperation for recurrent thyroid disease are greater than the risks of a total thyroidectomy as the initial surgical procedure. With the increased use of total thyroidectomy the incidence of permanent hypoparathyroidism can be decreased. We reviewed our preoperative work‐up, indications for total thyroidectomy, surgical technique, diagnostic accuracy of needle biopsy, accuracy of rapid frozen section reports, and postoperative complications.
Obliterative otosclerosis
Authors: Amedee Ronald G. , Lewis Miles L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA total of 2, 985 stapedectomies were done during the 25‐year period 1959 to 1984 in a busy urban otologic practice. One hundred twenty‐three of these cases were found to have obliterative otosclerosis which resulted in a drill‐out stapedectomy. Postoperatively, a minimum of 2 years follow‐up yielded 98 of the original 123 drill‐out cases constituting the study group. Several parameters will be evaluated: 1. Initial hearing gain (measured 3 months after surgery), 2. long‐term hearing results (measured 2 years and beyond), 3. additional sensorineural hearing loss, and 4. probability of bilateral obliterativc disease.
Topography of vestibulocochlear nerve fibers in the posterior cranial fossa
Authors: Natout Ali Y. , Terr Leonid I. , Linthicum Fred H. , House William F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn the posterior cranial fossa, the separation of the vestibular and cochlear subdivisions of the eighth nerve is clear in about 75% of cases. Although in the remaining cases the vestibulocochlear cleavage plane is not visible macroscopically, the large‐fibered vestibular subdivision and the small‐fibered cochlear subdivision are well recognized in histological sections. Within the cochlear subdivision, some fibers of large caliber are mixed with fibers of small caliber in a region we named the “overlapping zone.” We studied, histologically, cross sections of the intracranial portion of six eighth nerves at about 5 mm proximal to the porus acusticus. A computerized video system was used to measure the diameters of the fibers of the vestibular and cochlear subdivisions localized at different distances from the vestibulocochlear cleavage plane. The overlapping zone is located within the cochlear subdivision adjacent to the vestibulocochlear cleavage plane. It has a pear‐like shape, with the larger part occupying the anterosuperior part of the cochlear subdivision. The mean cross‐sectional area of this zone in our six samples is about 0.4 mm2, which is approximately 23% of the area of the cochlear subdivision. The thickness of the zone in the superior‐inferior direction ranges from 0.23 mm to 0.55 mm. The parameters of the described overlapping zone should be taken into consideration in vestibular neurectomy, in which complete sectioning of the vestibular fibers is important.
Tracheal reconstruction: In vitro and in vivo animal pilot study
Authors: Wenig Barry L. , Reuter Victor C. , Steinberg Bettie M. , Strong Elliot W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn order to further address the problem of tracheal stenosis, an animal model was created to simulate both local and regional tracheal injury. An epithelial equivalent created from a fibroblast‐collagen matrix was used to attempt to either inhibit or lessen the degree of tracheal stenosis that was evident in animal models. Preliminary data appears to show that the epithelial equivalent is effective in limiting and perhaps even abolishing the development of tracheal stenosis.
Sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap
Authors: Charles Glenwood A. , Hamaker Ronald C. , Singer Mark I. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe sternocleidomastoid myocutancous flap has several applications for reconstruction of defects about the head and neck. It is used for augmentation of facial defects, carotid artery protection, and repair of oral cavity defects. Additional reconstructive efforts suggest the sternocleidomastoid myocutancous flap can be used for facial reanimation and as an osteomyocutaneous flap incorporating the clavicle for mandibular reconstruction. Reports of unreliable viability and resection of the sternocleidomastoid muscle during neck dissection decreases the applicability of the flap. Twenty‐seven sternocleidomastoid flaps were used in 26 patients for head and neck reconstruction. In contrast to the reported 40% to 50% incidence of superficial slough or total flap necrosis, three (11%) flaps developed superficial (cutaneous) slough while two patients developed inclusion cysts. The technique includes elevation of the sternocleidomastoid muscle with the overlying platysma and skin originally described by Owens. The procedure is modified by removing the epithelium on the tunneled portion of the flap. This allows the flap to be used as a one‐stage method of reconstruction without sacrificing the additional blood supply from the platysma and overlying dermis.
Use of human amniotic membrane in otolaryngologic practice
Authors: Zohar Yuyal , Talmi Yoav P. , Finkelstein Yehuda , Shvili Yitschak , Sadov Rima , Laurian Nelu , Tikvah Petah 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHuman amnion is a readily available allograft with low antigenicity, high antimicrobial potential, and the ability to foster cpithelialization. We have used human amniotic membrane in our department for replacing nasal mucosa in Rendu‐Osler‐Weber disease, as tympanic membrane grafts, and for covering head and neck sites after flap necrosis. Our experience shows moderate success for management of severe epistaxis and excellent results in covering surfaces after flap necrosis.Use of amnion in eardrum perforations was unsuccessful and was discontinued. Properties of human amniotic membrane are listed and its application in the otolaryngologic practice is reviewed.
Otologic manifestations of benign intracranial hypertension syndrome: Diagnosis and management
Authors: Sismanis Aristidbs 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBenign intracranial hypertension (BIH) is a syndrome characterized by increased intracranial pressure (IIP) without focal signs of neurological dysfunction. The diagnosis is essentially made by exclusion of various causes of IIP. The classic presenting symptoms of BIH are headache and/or visual disturbances. Otologic manifestations of this syndrome have not been described in detail.
A vented laryngeal stent with phonatory and pressure relief capability
Authors: Eliachar Isaac , Roberts Jay K. , Hayes James D. , Tucker Harvey M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis prototype vented laryngeal stent incorporates a dome‐shaped, one‐way valve that allows articulation of transmitted vibrations to produce speech, while preventing aspiration and not interfering with deglutition. The stent is placed endoscopically and is used in conjunction with a T‐tube or a tracheostomy tube.The stent has been placed in seven patients for chronic aspiration, after partial laryngectomy, and with laryngotracheal reconstruction for stenosis. Aspiration pneumonia has not been seen in any patient after placement of the appropriate stent, with follow‐up of 2 to 6 months. One patient's swallowing improved and none deteriorated. All patients were able to phonate with the stent in place. No significant long‐term sequelae are apparent in three patients whose stents were removed after resolution of their primary diseases.
The efficacy of myeingotomy and ventilation tube insertion in middle‐ear effusions in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Wei W. I. , Engzell U. C. G. , Lam K. H. , Lau S. K. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMyringotomy and insertion of a grommet are effective in the management of middle‐ear effusion resulting from nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The procedure was carried out in 46 ears in 30 patients, resulting in significant improvement of hearing. The complication rate of the operative procedure is not negligible in this group of patients, and it is higher if the patients had received radiotherapy at the time of operation.
Post‐Tonsillectomy bleeding: An evaluation of risk factors
Authors: Tami Thomas A. , Parker Gregg S. , Taylor Robert E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWhile tonsillectomy is usually a safe operation, it is always accompanied by the risk of immediate postoperative bleeding. Despite continued efforts to eliminate this problem, it remains a persistent risk. In reviewing 775 consecutive cases of tonsillectomy, immediate postoperative bleeding occurred in 21 (2.7%). Diagnostic, demographic, hematologic, hemodynamic and surgical management factors were evaluated. The role of local anesthesia for tonsillectomy was also examined. Postoperative bleeders were more likely to have abnormal preoperative clotting studies, greater elevations of their mean postoperative blood pressures, and unusual surgical indications. Local anesthetic cases were, shorter, had less intraoperative bleeding and were not associated with greater postoperative bleeding. We conclude that local anesthesia is safe and efficient and that identifiable factors are associated with primary post‐tonsillectomy bleeding. An awareness of these factors can help identify potential postoperative bleeders.
Percutaneous embolization for control of nasal blood circulation
Authors: Parnes Lorne S. , Heeneman Hans , Vinuela Fernando 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPercutaneous embolization to control the nasal blood circulation was used in 19 patients with vascular nasal disorders. Embolization was the initial treatment for intractable posterior epistaxis in 11 patients, 9 (82%) of whom were controlled without further treatment. Used as an adjunct to surgery on vascular nasal tumors, embolization reduced intraoperative blood loss in four patients to an average of 800 cc. In four patients with Osler‐Weber‐Rendu disease, treatment with embolization did not significantly alter the course of their disease. Overall, however, this relatively new technique enhances successful management of difficult epistaxis cases.
Methods and complications of rhinophyma excision
Authors: Amedee Ronald G. , Routman Marc H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFor years cosmetic surgeons have sought methods of treatment of large rhinophyma. These include creation of flaps with excision of excess skin, dermabrasion, free‐hand shave, and others. The CO2 laser has been used by itself, or in combination with other methods to vaporize the rhinophyma. Advantages of the laser include hemostasis, better view of the tissues, thin layer‐by‐layer removal of the hyperplastic sebaceous glands, and careful shaping of the resection edges. Disadvantages include risk of facial burns and overabundant removal of tissue with cartilage exposure. We present a case of rhinophyma excision using the CO2 laser and the complication of excessive vaporization of the sebaceous tissue. Included is a discussion of other complications of laser excision of rhinophyma, possible methods of reconstruction, and a literature review.
Diagnosis, staging, and treatment of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA)
Authors: Antonelli Antonino Roberto , Cappiello Johnny , Lorenzo Diego Di , Donajo Carlos Alberto , Nicolai Piero , Orlandini Alberto 
Published: October 2006

AbstractNineteen patients with juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) were surgically treated with different techniques from January 1968 through December 1985. Two patients had undergone a previous operation at another hospital; all patients were males (mean age 15.4), and the most common symptom was nasal obstruction (84.2%). Lateral extension into the pterygomaxillary fossa occurred in 14 patients (73.6%), and 2 also had intracranial invasion (10.5%).In five cases, the tumor's cytosol was analyzed for hormonal receptors. Negative values for estrogen and progesterone receptors were obtained, although the content of dehydrotestosterone receptors was highly positive. These results tend to support the hypothesis of JNA's androgen‐dependence.The authors emphasize the need of a preoperative staging classification based on clinicoradiological data in selecting the most adequate surgical approach. Tumors with lateral extension into the pterygomaxillary fossa can be easily removed through a midface degloving; large involvement of the infratemporal fossa requires, also, a transzygomatic dissection. In JNAs with intracranial extension a combined intracranial‐extracranial approach is advisable.
Temporalis muscle‐gale a flap in craniofacial reconstruction
Authors: Aeden Richard L. , Mathog Robert H. , Thomas L. Murray 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWith the advent of increasing technological and surgical sophistication in craniofacial surgery, reconstructive efforts are challenged to provide a reliable means of compartmentalization. When dural integrity is compromised in the face of nasopharyngeal or paranasal communication, the risk of ascending infection and potential life‐threatening meningitis mandate cranial and facial compartments, separated by sufficient and healthy soft tissues. This paper describes a method of providing pedicled soft tissue coverage and support for the contents of the anterior cranial fossa using a temporalis muscle‐galea rotation flap. The vascularized myofascial tissues, capable of carrying skin and bone grafts, are well suited to cover and protect large areas of the skull base. Several cases are described to show the advantages and disadvantages of the technique.
Salivary gland tumors of the palate: The ucla experience
Authors: Tran Luu , Sadeghi Ahmad , Hanson David , Ellerbroek Nancy , Calcaterra Thomas C. , Parker Robert G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA retrospective review of 38 patients with salivary gland tumors of the palate treated between 1961 and 1984 is presented. The majority of tumors were identified at an early stage. Most (23 of 38 cases) originated over the hard palate. The most common histological type was adenoid cystic carcinoma (22 cases). Twenty‐five patients were treated with surgery alone, of whom, three had wide local excision. Thirteen patients received postoperative radiation therapy in addition to surgery. The local control was comparable for surgery alone and combined therapy (88% and 85%, respectively) although the combined therapy group was biased by more advanced disease, inadequate margins, and/or poorly differentiated histologies. Mucoepidermoid lesions had an excellent prognosis with local control of 100%. In contrast, there was a 23% recurrence rate for adenoid cystic carcinoma. Regional neck node metastasis was noted in 2% of the patients.This experience indicates that radical resection of palate salivary gland malignancy with adequate margins results in excellent local control. Adjuvant radiation therapy is recommended in cases where there is a question of adequate margins and in advanced lesions of high grade tumors.
Telescopic video‐otoscopy using a compact home video color camera
Authors: Yanagisawa Eiji , Carlson Roy D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractOur method of telescopic video‐otoscopy using a telescope (Hopkins) and a compact home video camera is presented.Telescopic video‐otoscopy is a most effective method of demonstrating and documenting the anatomy and pathology of the tympanic membrane, ear canal, and mastoid cavity.It is of considerable value for teaching, patient counseling, and making a permanent record. It obtains instantaneously a video print‐out either in black‐and‐white or in color of video images of telescopic otoscopy.A simple and economical method of telescopic pneumatic otoscopy (pneumatic teleotoscopy) is also described.Telescopic video otoscopy combined with the use of a video printer is a useful addition to the clinical practice of otology.
Vertigo in the pediatric and adolescent age group
Authors: Hill Britton B. , Block Linda D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSince episodic vertigo in the pediatric and adolescent age group is unusual and therefore not well known to most otolaryngologists, we present six cases to show some of the various presentations and different underlying causes. These cases covered a wide diagnostic spectrum: meningioma, medulloblastoma, childhood migraine with vestibular symptoms, childhood Meniere's syndrome (one case due to perilymph fistula), and benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood. The two patients with tumor and the patient with perilymph fistula were treated surgically; the other patients are being managed conservatively since these childhood conditions usually tend to diminish with time.
A review of 925 cases of tympanoplasty using formaldehyde‐formed‐fascia grafts
Authors: Hicks George W. , William Wright J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn this review of 925 cases of total and anterior perforations of the tympanic membrane reconstructed through the use of formaldehyde‐formed‐fascia (3‐F) grafts, the postoperative nonperforation rate is 97.6%; blunting and/or lateralization of the graft was avoided in 93.5% of cases. Closure of the postoperative air‐bone gap within 20 dB was achieved in 70% of cases. This update of a previously reported paper reinforces our opinion that the 3‐F graft is an effective tool for the closure of tympanic membrane perforation with or without ossicular chain reconstruction.
Hyperlipidemia in association with childhood sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Strome Marshall , Topf Paul , Vernick David M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn adults there has been an association noted between hyperlipidemia and sensorineural hearing loss. Etiologic considerations include hyperviscosity of the serum, vascular occlusion and an increased susceptibility to noise. Until now this correlation, to our knowledge, has not been made in the pediatric population. Several children with bilateral fluctuating sensorineural hearing losses have been identified with hyperlipidemia. The fluctuations in hearing varied with lipid levels. With dietary controls, the cholesterol levels returned to what would be near the norm for the pediatric population and hearing returned to near baseline. Unexplained fluctuating sensorineural hearing losses in children warrant the consideration of hyperlipidemia. Discovering a potentially reversible etiology for hearing loss is significant but more importantly, may lead to the early detection of hyperlipidemia in the young patient.
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: An update of the ucla experience, 1960–1985
Authors: Economou Tasia S. , Abemayor Elliot , Ward Paul H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe UCLA experience with juvenile angiofibroma (JNA) over a 25‐year period is reviewed. There were 83 patients, the majority being adolescent males. Surgery was the primary method of treatment for disease not extending intracranially; 63 of 68 patients (92.5%) became asymptomatic with this modality. In patients treated with a single course of primary radiation, 10 of 14 (78.5%) became asymptomatic. Trends in diagnosis and treatment were evaluated. Contrast computerized tomography reliably assesses tumor extent. Preoperative arteriography is essential for the evaluation and embolization of feeding vessels; this in turn significantly reduces operative blood loss and the need for transfusions. Radiotherapy should be reserved for disease extending intracranially and should be in doses of 3,600 cGy or larger.
Adjustable dissection and surgical table as an aid to teaching
Authors: Work Walter P. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAn adjustable dissection and surgical table for teaching residents, fellows, staff, and other medical and allied health personnel about anatomy and simulated techniques of surgery in the laboratory setting is described. The table can be attached to a standard House‐Urban temporal bone dissection bench. The temporal bone laboratory can thus serve a dual purpose in teaching ear and soft tissue anatomy and surgical techniques of the head and neck. In this setting such a dual purpose laboratory can often include basic and clinical research activities as a third function.
Clinical diagnosis of immune inner‐ear disease
Authors: Hughes Gordon B. , Nalepa Nancy J. , Kinney Sam E. , Barna Barbara P. , Calabrese Leonard H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to develop a high‐risk clinical profile of patients with autoimmune (immune‐mediated) inner‐ear disease. The records of 52 patients diagnosed over the past 5 years were reviewed. Age, sex, bilateral versus unilateral involvement, otologic symptoms, concomitant systemic immune disease, and presenting clinical diagnoses were recorded.The presenting diagnoses were Cogan's syndrome, Meniere's syndrome, Dandy's syndrome without hearing loss, or progressive sensorineural hearing loss without dizziness. Because Cogan's and Dandy's syndromes were relatively uncommon, the typical high‐risk clinical profile was a middle‐aged patient (often female) with bilateral, asymmetric, progressive sensorineural hearing loss, with or without dizziness, and occasional systemic immune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis.When a more common clinical diagnosis cannot be reached in suspicious patients, immune laboratory tests should be obtained and a trial of immunotherapy offered. Positive test results and beneficial response to therapy support a presumptive diagnosis of immune inner‐ear disease.