bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term follow-up of an uncemented proximally hydroxyapatite-coated femoral stem in total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Yee Andy H. F. , Chan Vincent W. K. , Fu Henry , Chan Ping-Keung , Chiu Kwong Y. 
Published: March 2024

AimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the survival of a collarless, straight, hydroxyapatite-coated femoral stem in total hip arthroplasty (THA) at a minimum follow-up of 20 years.MethodsWe reviewed the results of 165 THAs using the Omnifit HA system in 138 patients, performed between August 1993 and December 1999. The mean age of the patients at the time of surgery was 46 years (20 to 77). Avascular necrosis was the most common indication for THA, followed by ankylosing spondylitis and primary osteoarthritis. The mean follow-up was 22 years (20 to 31). At 20 and 25 years, 113 THAs in 91 patients and 63 THAs in 55 patients were available for review, respectively, while others died or were lost to follow-up. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to evaluate the survival of the stem. Radiographs were reviewed regularly, and the stability of the stem was evaluated using the Engh classification.ResultsA total of seven stems (4.2%) were revised during the study period: one for aseptic loosening, three for periprosthetic fracture, two for infection, and one for recurrent dislocation. At 20 years, survival with revision of the stem for any indication and for aseptic loosening as the endpoint was 96.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) 92.6 to 99.5) and 98.4% (95% CI 96.2 to 100), respectively. At 25 years, the corresponding rates of survival were 94.5% (95% CI 89.9 to 99.3) and 98.1% (95% CI 95.7 to 99.6), respectively. There was radiological evidence of stable bony fixation in 86 stems (76.1%) and evidence of loosening in four (3.5%) at 20 years. All patients with radiological evidence of loosening were asymptomatic.ConclusionThe Omnifit HA femoral stem offered promising long-term survival into the third decade.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(3 Supple A):110–114.
Future research priorities for soft-tissue knee injuries
Authors: Osmani Humza T. , Nicolaou Nicolas , Anand Sanjeev , Gower Jonathan , Metcalfe Andrew , McDonnell Stephen 
Published: March 2024

AimsTo identify unanswered questions about the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation and delivery of care of first-time soft-tissue knee injuries (ligament injuries, patella dislocations, meniscal injuries, and articular cartilage) in children (aged 12 years and older) and adults.MethodsThe James Lind Alliance (JLA) methodology for Priority Setting Partnerships was followed. An initial survey invited patients and healthcare professionals from the UK to submit any uncertainties regarding soft-tissue knee injury prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation and delivery of care. Over 1,000 questions were received. From these, 74 questions (identifying common concerns) were formulated and checked against the best available evidence. An interim survey was then conducted and 27 questions were taken forward to the final workshop, held in January 2023, where they were discussed, ranked, and scored in multiple rounds of prioritization. This was conducted by healthcare professionals, patients, and carers.ResultsThe top ten included questions regarding prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. The number one question was, ‘How urgently do soft-tissue knee injuries need to be treated for the best outcome?’. This reflects the concerns of patients, carers, and the wider multidisciplinary team.ConclusionThis validated process has generated ten important priorities for future soft-tissue knee injury research. These have been submitted to the National Institute for Health and Care Research. All 27 questions in the final workshop have been published on the JLA website.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(3):232–239.
Impact of different receiver geometries on a reconfigurable intelligent surface assisted multi-cell VLC system in the presence of light path blockage
Authors: Sabui Deblina , Chatterjee Sourish , Khan Gufran S. 
Published: March 2024

We report the effect of integrating metasurface-aided reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and data rate of a multi-cell visible light communication (VLC) system. RIS has been deployed in the channel between transmitter and receiver to redirect the reflected light in the desired directions, even in the absence of line-of-sight (LoS) links. Results show that the introduction of RIS has improved average SINR but reduced average illumination level compared to a no-RIS system. As the quantity of RIS increases, a discernible improvement in the maximum SINR value is observed. Here, three different receiver geometries, namely, a photodiode (PD), freeform diversity receiver (FDR), and modified FDR (MFDR), have been adopted. The impact of individual receivers has been reported in the presence of light path blockage. MFDR geometry is found to be most suitable with more coverage probability compared to the other two receivers. With (40cm×24cm) RIS area, during blockage, MFDR maintains an average SINR of 21.95 dB, which is 97.29% and 14.24% greater than PD and FDR, respectively.
Microwave photonics frequency measurement with improved accuracy based on an artificial neural network
Authors: An Xin , Yang Zhangyi , Liu Zuoheng , Zhang Youdi , Dong Wei 
Published: March 2024

Photonics-assisted techniques for microwave frequency measurement (MFM) show great
potential for overcoming electronic bottlenecks, with wild
applications in radar and communication. The MFM system based on the
stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) effect can measure the frequency
of multiple high-frequency and wide-band signals. However, the
accuracy of the MFM system in multi-tone frequency measurement is
constrained by the SBS bandwidth and the nonlinearity of the system.
To resolve this problem, a method based on an artificial neural
network (ANN) is suggested, which can establish a nonlinear mapping
between the measured two-tone signal spectra and the theoretical
frequencies. Through simulation verification, the ANN optimized
frequencies within the range of (0.5, 27) GHz of the MFM system show
79%, 76%, 70%, 44% reduction in errors separately under four spectral
signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) conditions, 20 dB, 15 dB,
10 dB, 0 dB, and the frequency resolution is improved
from 30 MHz to 10 MHz.
White blood cells and type 2 diabetes: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Bi Yaru , Gao Yuan , Xie Yao , Zhou Meng , Liu Zhiyuan , Tian Suyan , Sun Chenglin 
Published: March 2024

Background
Observational studies have demonstrated an association between white blood cells (WBC) subtypes and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. However, it is unknown whether this relationship is causal. We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal effect of WBC subtypes on T2D and glycemic traits.

Methods
The summary data for neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, and basophil counts were extracted from a recent genome-wide association study (n = 173,480). The DIAGRAM and MAGIC consortia offered summary data pertaining to T2D and glycemic characteristics, including fasting glucose (FG) (n = 133,010), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (n = 46,368), and homeostatic model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (n = 37,037). A series of MR analyses (univariable MR, multivariable MR, and reverse MR) were used to investigate the causal association of different WBC subtypes with T2D and glycemic traits.

Results
Using the inverse-variance weighted method, we found one standard deviation increases in genetically determined neutrophil [odd ratio (OR): 1.086, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.877–1.345], lymphocyte [0.878 (0.766–1.006)], monocyte [1.010 (0.906–1.127)], eosinophil [0.995 (0.867–1.142)], and basophil [0.960 (0.763–1.207)] were not causally associated with T2D risk. These findings were consistent with the results of three pleiotropy robust methods (MR-Egger, weighted median, and mode-based estimator) and multivariable MR analyses. Reverse MR analysis provided no evidence for the reverse causation of T2D on WBC subtypes. The null causal effects of WBC subtypes on FG, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR were also identified.

Conclusions
WBCs play no causal role in the development of insulin resistance and T2D. The observed association between these factors may be explained by residual confounding.
Hepatitis B vaccine uptake and associated factors among adults of Gulu city in Northern Uganda: A community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Aber Janet Okello , Bongomin Felix , Opio Stephen Lawoko , Ochola Emmanuel 
Published: March 2024

Background
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global public health problem against which vaccination is recommended for all high-risk adults. HBV is highly endemic in Northern Uganda, however, there is a paucity of literature regarding HBV vaccine uptake and associated factors within the community in the region. In this study, we aimed to determine the level of HBV vaccine uptake and associated factors among adults in Gulu city, Uganda.

Methods
We conducted a community-based, cross-sectional study in Gulu city among eligible adults between March and May 2022. Data on HBV vaccination status and sociodemographic characteristics were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Full uptake of HBV vaccine was defined as receipt of all 3 recommended doses, and partial uptake for 1 or 2 doses. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed using STATA 16.0 to determine factors independently associated with HBV vaccine uptake. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
In total, 360 participants were enrolled, of whom 212 (58.9%) were female, 183 (50.8%) were aged 30 years or younger, and 143 (39.7%) had attained tertiary education. Overall, 96 (26.7%) participants had full uptake of HBV vaccine and 73 (20.3%) had partial uptake. Factors that were statistically significantly associated with full uptake of HBV vaccine were good knowledge regarding HBV transmission (aOR = 1.9, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.03–3.46, p = 0.040) and receiving health education on HBV vaccination (aOR = 4.4, 95% CI = 2.3–8.4, p<0.001).

Conclusions
There is a low uptake of HBV vaccine in Gulu city, Uganda. The Uganda Ministry of Health should correct misconceptions, create awareness of the severity of HBV infection through health education regarding HBV infection within the community in Gulu City; and set mechanisms to follow-up clients due for next HBV vaccination.
Fontes documentais sobre o(s) Cartório(s) Notarial(ais) no Arquivo Municipal de Vila Franca de Xira
Authors: Oliveira Lénia 
Published: March 2024

A carência de estudos sobre o tabelionado no território de Vila Franca de Xira encorajou-nos a desenvolver uma simbólica investigação no âmbito da Pós-graduação em Arquivística Histórica (2021/2022). Porém, localizámos a seguinte documentação notarial: o fundo “Cartório Notarial de Vila Franca de Xira”, existente no Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo (1661-05-27 – 1979-06-22), e vários documentos notariais à guarda do Arquivo Municipal de Vila Franca de Xira (1776-11-07 - 1929-01-16). A descrição arquivística, que incidiu sobretudo sobre a documentação notarial encontrada no AMVFX, revelou-nos que para além do ofício de tabelião ter existido em Vila Franca de Xira, também teve lugar em Alhandra, Alverca e Povos, concelhos extintos durante o séc. XIX, no decorrer das Reformas Liberais, as quais deram origem a um novo desenho administrativo do país. A identificação dos tabeliães pertencentes a esses territórios e a perceção de como estes registavam e conservavam a documentação que produziam, permitiram-nos um olhar atento sobre essa realidade perdida no tempo: os tabeliães eram obrigados a respeitar a circunscrição geográfica a que estavam adstritos, e tinham uma rede clientelar diversificada, ficando evidente a correlação entre o local de residência dos outorgantes e o local das propriedades contratualizadas. Para além disso, a documentação à guarda do AMVFX é complementar à que existe no ANTT.
Para efeitos de recuperação da informação estes são fatores a ter em conta em futuras descrições arquivísticas, pois a probabilidade de um determinado ato notarial ser encontrado aumenta, quando associado à localidade onde o notário exerceu o seu ofício.
Perturbation compactness and uniqueness for a class of conformally compact Einstein manifolds
Authors: Chang Sun-Yung Alice , Ge Yuxin , Jin Xiaoshang , Qing Jie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we establish compactness results for some classes of conformally compact Einstein metrics defined on manifolds of dimension d ≥ 4. In the special case when the manifold is the Euclidean ball with the unit sphere as the conformal infinity, the existence of such class of metrics has been established in the earlier work of C. R. Graham and J. Lee (“Einstein metrics with prescribed conformal infinity on the ball,” Adv. Math., vol. 87, no. 2, pp. 186–225, 1991). As an application of our compactness result, we derive the uniqueness of the Graham–Lee metrics. As a second application, we also derive some gap theorem, or equivalently, some results of non-existence CCE fill-ins.
Controversy of Copyright Application and the China Plan of Metaverse Products
Authors: Tian Xiaochu , Zhang Nan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The controversy over copyright theory in the metaverse scenario mainly arises from the issue of copyrightability of metaverse products. Metaverse products have initially reached the standard of originality and formally conform to the dichotomy of thought and expression, however, the incompatibility of object types has led to controversy over its copyright theory. In addition, the three types of disputes and difficulties based on the “behavior” element: original acquisition and derivative acquisition, original products and derivative products, and public domain and private domain, are not just copyright disputes in the metaverse scene, but also a difficult problem that the copyright system cannot reconcile. In this regard, this article draws on overseas experience, introduces the theory of copyright expansion, and combines the needs of China’s judicial practice and China’s national conditions, trying to solve the copyright legal issues in the metaverse scenario one by one through the “source of communication” theory, behavior restriction theory and interest game theory, and propose China’s response to the problems caused by the generalization of digital technology from the three dimensions of originality standard identification, object classification, and rights restriction rules.
Low-frequency cabin noise of rapid transit trains
Authors: Lee Hsiao Mun , Lee Heow Pueh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Rapid transit or mass rapid transit (MRT) is a high-capacity public transport designed to carry a large number of passengers, especially during the peak hours. They are becoming very popular in major cities and some deem the presence of the rapid transit system in a city as a symbol of modern development and essential feature of urban life. As the rapid transit system expands, the traveling time on a rapid transit train may increase due to longer journey and cabin noise has become an environmental concern for the passengers. In the present study, we would attempt to do a more detailed study of the effect of viaduct height, in particular viaducts of different heights on the cabin noise of various rapid transit systems. The present study examined and benchmarked the cabin noise in terms of both dB(A) and dB(C) for four different rapid transit systems, namely part of the East-West line including the Tuas-West extension on elevated tracks with very high viaduct of the Singapore MRT System; part of Paris Line 2 from Anvers to Belleville station including a stretch of elevated track on viaduct; part of the Piccadilly line of London from Heathrow Airport to Green Park station with a stretch on surface ground; and finally part of Chongqing Line 3 from Gongmao to Lianglukou station across the Yangtze river. It was found that the cabin noise would be dominated by low-frequency content and would be better reflected if the measurements were presented in dB(C), especially for trains running on elevated tracks of greater height.
Boosted electrochemical properties of Co3O4 nanoflakes by the addition of a redox-additive electrolyte
Authors: Murugan Anbazhagan , Siva Vadivel , Shameem Abdul samad , Pannerselvam Maruthasalam , Kim Ikhyun , Al-Sehemi Abdullah G. , Sivaprakash Paramasivam 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Metal oxide-based electrode materials and redox additive electrolytes hold great promise as essential components of energy storage devices and have a great impact on their overall performance. Co3O4 nanoflakes (NFs) have been prepared by a simple hydrothermal method. After thorough characterization of structure, functional group, and surface morphology, the potential of the as-prepared Co3O4 NFs is assessed as an electrode material for a supercapacitor. The powder XRD analysis confirms the formation of the spinel cubic phase and space group Fd

3
‾

$\bar{3}$

m. Morphological studies showed prepared Co3O4 having nanoflakes-like structures and, with analysis by EDX, the presence of elemental composition has been confirmed. The electrochemical performance of the Co3O4 electrodes has been studied in three electrode configurations using a redox-additive electrolyte. The electrode demonstrates enhanced supercapacitor performance with a redox additive electrolyte due to the reversible oxidation states of Co2+/Co3+ and Fe2+/Fe3+, which significantly reinforced the Faradaic redox reaction. The CV curve has maintained its shape even at all scan rates, confirming the outstanding rate capability of the electrode. The Co3O4 electrode showed a greater specific capacitance (C
sp) of 611.16  F g−1 at a current density of 10 A g−1 in a redox additive electrolyte solution and capacitance retentions up to 69.23 % after 10,000 cycles. The calculated charge transfer resistance (R

ct
) of before and after GCD 10,000 cycles is obtained. The overall performance of the electrode material being consider as a promising candidate for supercapacitor applications.
Insulin autoimmunity associated with vitiligo: a rare case presentation
Authors: Kuruvilla Presoon , John Angel , Murali Ashith 
Published: March 2024

Summary
Insulin autoantibody syndrome (IAS) or Hirata’s disease is a rare condition characterized by recurrent fasting hypoglycaemic and postprandial hyperglycaemic episodes. Insulin autoantibodies are diagnostic for the condition. Hirata’s disease has been seen to be associated with other autoimmune conditions. Vitiligo is a common depigmentation disorder whose exact cause is unknown but thought to have an autoimmune aetiology. Although autoimmunity plays a role in the pathogenesis of both the diseases, association between the two has not been reported till date. In our case, a 72-year-old Indian woman with vitiligo for the past 30 years presented with recurrent episodes of fasting hypoglycaemia. She was found to have very high levels of fasting insulin, C-peptide, and insulin antibody and was diagnosed with IAS. Thus, we conclude that the clinical spectrum of Hirata’s disease has to be taken as more heterogenous than previously assumed.

Learning points

Insulin autoantibody syndrome (IAS) or Hirata’s disease is a rare condition characterized by recurrent fasting hypoglycaemic and postprandial hyperglycaemic episodes in which insulin plays a major role.

Insulin autoantibodies are diagnostic for IAS. The endocrine insulin and its autoantibodies play a major role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Vitiligo is a common depigmentation disorder whose exact cause is unknown but thought to have an autoimmune aetiology.

IAS and vitiligo are two diseases with autoimmune aetiology which has been seen to be associated with each other (the first case to be reported).

The clinical spectrum of Hirata’s disease has to be taken as more heterogenous than previously assumed.

On dealing with autoimmune diseases, we should also keep in mind about other diseases with autoimmune pathogenesis.
Successful treatment of dumping syndrome with diazoxide in an infant with hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Authors: Aldawsari Khalifah A , Mattos Claudia , Khan Danyal M , Beckett Omar , Pagan Pedro 
Published: March 2024

Summary
Dumping syndrome is a rare but potentially serious condition that causes inappropriate postprandial hyperinsulinemia leading to hypoglycemia in children following gastrointestinal surgeries. While dietary modifications are often the first line of treatment, severe cases may require pharmacological intervention to prevent severe hypoglycemia. We present a case of successful treatment of dumping syndrome with diazoxide. A 2-month-old infant with left hypoplastic heart syndrome who underwent single ventricle palliation pathway and developed feeding intolerance that required Nissen fundoplication. Postprandial hypoglycemia was detected following the procedure, with glucose level down to 12 mg/dL, and the diagnosis of dumping syndrome was established. The patient was successfully managed with diazoxide, which effectively resolved postprandial hypoglycemia without any major adverse events. The patient was eventfully weaned off the medication at the age of 5 months. This case highlights the potential role of diazoxide in the management of pediatric patients with postprandial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia secondary to dumping syndrome.

Learning points

Dumping syndrome is a possible complication of gastrointestinal surgeries and should be suspected in children with abnormal glucose levels.

Postprandial hyperglycemia should be monitored closely for significant subsequent hypoglycemia.

Diazoxide might be considered as part of the treatment plan for dumping syndrome.
Ethical and Legal Issues Surrounding Genetic Testing in the NICU
Authors: Callahan Katharine P. , Clayton Ellen W. , Lemke Amy A. , Chaudhari Bimal P. , Wenger Tara L. , Lyle Allison N. J. , Brothers Kyle B. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Clinicians practicing in a modern NICU are noticing an increase in the proportion of patients who undergo genetic testing as well as changes in the types of genetic testing patients receive. These trends are not surprising given the increasing recognition of the genetic causes of neonatal illness and recent advances in genetic technology. Yet, the expansion of genetic testing in the NICU also raises a number of ethical questions. In this article, we will review the ethical issues raised by genetic testing, with a focus on the practical implications for neonatologists. First, we outline the complexities of measuring benefit, or utility, for neonatal genetic testing. Next, we discuss potential harms such as inequity, unexpected findings, disability biases, and legal risks. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of ethical issues related to consent for genetic testing. Throughout this article, we highlight solutions to challenges toward the ultimate goal of minimizing harms and maximizing the substantial potential benefits of genetic medicine in the NICU.