bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Race and end‐stage renal disease in the United States Medicare population: The disparity persists
Authors: TOMSON CHARLES RV , FOLEY ROBERT N , LI QI , GILBERTSON DAVID T , XUE JAY L , COLLINS ALLAN J 
Published: September 2008

SUMMARY:Aim:  A marked preponderance of end‐stage renal disease among African Americans was described more than two decades ago. The objective of this study was to determine whether racial disparities in end‐stage renal disease in the United States have changed over time.Methods:  The authors compared renal replacement therapy rates in five biennial cohorts (1993–1994, 1995–1996, 1997–1998, 1999–2000, 2001–2002; n = 6 315 283), using annual random samples of 5% of the US Medicare population and the United States Renal Data System registry.Results:  The proportion of African American subjects rose from 8.8% in the first cohort to 9.4% in the last. Renal replacement therapy rates (per 1000 patient‐years) among white Americans in successive cohorts were 0.84, 0.96, 1.08, 1.16 and 1.20, compared with 2.98, 3.24, 3.65, 3.80 and 3.57 among African Americans (P < 0.0001 for race comparison within each biennial cohort). Corresponding hazards ratios, adjusted for demographic characteristics and comorbid conditions, were 2.01 (95% confidence interval 1.82–2.33), 1.96 (1.78–2.17), 2.00 (1.81–2.20), 2.01 (1.83–2.21) and 1.86 (1.69–2.04), suggesting the absence of meaningful reduction in racial disparities in renal replacement therapy rates over time.Conclusion:  Disparities in renal replacement therapy rates between white and African American Medicare beneficiaries have persisted over time.
An in vitro investigation of herbs traditionally used for kidney and urinary system disorders: Potential therapeutic and toxic effects
Authors: WOJCIKOWSKI KEN , WOHLMUTH HANS , JOHNSON DAVID W , ROLFE MARGARET , GOBE GLENDA 
Published: September 2008

SUMMARYAim:  Renal fibrosis is central to progression of most chronic renal pathologies. Antioxidants that protect the tubular epithelium and anti‐fibrotics that induce apoptosis of pro‐fibrotic myofibroblasts without adversely affecting tubular epithelium may slow progression of renal fibrosis, while toxic substances may exacerbate renal scarring. We investigated 47 herbs for their in vitro toxic or antioxidant effects on normal renal mammalian fibroblasts (NRK49F) and tubular epithelial cells (NRK52E) to determine their potential value as therapeutic agents in renal fibrosis involving oxidative stress.Methods:  Herbs were chosen because of their traditional use in kidney or urinary system disorders, or because of recent published interest in their therapeutic or toxic potential in kidney disease. Extracts of herbs were made using a sequential multi‐solvent extraction process. Each extract was analysed separately. Extraction solvents were ethyl acetate, methanol and 50% aqueous methanol. Cells were treated with extracts with/without oxidative stress (1.0 mM hydrogen peroxide). Cellular changes (apoptosis, necrosis, mitosis, transdifferentiation) were identified and quantified using defined criteria.Results:  All extracts of Dioscorea villosa showed significant toxicity to both cell lines. At low concentrations (5–50 µg/mL) they induced epithelial to mesenchymal transdifferentiation, as demonstrated by increased immunohistochemistry staining for α‐smooth muscle actin and transforming growth factor‐β1 in treated versus control cells. Angelica sinensis, Centella asiatica, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Scutellaria lateriflora, and Olea europaea demonstrated strong antioxidant effects in epithelial cells and/or apoptotic effects on fibroblasts.Conclusion:  This investigation has revealed renotoxicity of D. villosa and anti‐fibrotic, oxidant potential of several herbal extracts, all of which require further study.
Heart and iron deficiency anaemia in rats with renal insufficiency: The role of hepcidin
Authors: TOBLLI JORGE EDUARDO , CAO GABRIEL , RIVAS CARLOS , KULAKSIZ HASAN 
Published: September 2008

SUMMARY:Aim:  Anaemia is prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and induces significant changes in heart and kidney. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between iron metabolism, hepcidin and inflammation focusing on left ventricular (LV) function, in a remnant kidney rat model.Methods:  Rats with 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy (STNx) and sham operation. Haemoglobin (Hb), serum iron (SI), fractional shortening (FS%) by echocardiograms were evaluated. Six months after STNx, the heart and kidney were processed by immunohistochemistry with antibodies against hypoxia‐inducible factors (HIF)‐1α, erythropoietin (EPO), pro‐hepcidin, caspase‐3, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and interleukin (IL)‐6.Results:  Hb (g/dL) STNx: 10.8 ± 0.8, sham: 14.7 ± 0.6 (P < 0.01); SI (µg/dL) STNx: 154.5 ± 24.5, sham: 287.5 ± 32.1 (P < 0.01); heart weight (g) STNx: 2.21 ± 0.15, sham: 1.12 ± 0.12 (P < 0.01); FS% STNx: 28.4 ± 2.5, sham: 45.1 ± 4.1 (P < 0.01). There was a correlation between Hb and FS% (r = 0.95; P < 0.01) and between SI and FS% (r = 0.86; P < 0.01) in the STNx group. Tissue ferritin was reduced in heart and in kidney in the STNx group (P < 0.01). HIF‐1α was expressed in cardiomyocytes (positive cells/area) STNx: 32 ± 5, sham: 4 ± 1; and tubular cells in STNx group: 70 ± 16, sham: 10 ± 3, P < 0.01. Hepcidin (% staining/area) in heart STNx: 6.6 ± 0.8, sham: 0.8 ± 0.1; in kidney STNx: 9.7 ± 2.6, sham: 3.7 ± 0.9, P < 0.01. EPO (% staining/area) in heart STNx: 2.6 ± 0.4, sham: 0.8 ± 0.2; in kidney STNx: 10.2 ± 1.4, sham: 1.2 ± 0.6; P < 0.01. In STNx group positive caspase‐3, TNF‐α and IL‐6 were detected in heart and renal cells.Conclusion:  Low LV performance is associated with iron deficiency anaemia in rats with CKD. Furthermore, overproduction of HIF‐1α and the activation of caspase‐3 seem to be associated with iron deficiency and with inflammatory markers. Hepcidin seems to plays a key role in this mechanism.
Small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix metastasizing to the bone marrow: A case report
Authors: Ota Tsuyoshi , Kitano Takamitsu , Miyai Kentaro , Ogishima Daiki , Yoshida Manabu , Miyake Kazunori , Kinoshita Katsuyuki 
Published: September 2008

AbstractWe report a case of small cell carcinoma (SmCC) of the uterine cervix that metastasized to the bone marrow. A 60‐year‐old woman with stage IIB SmCC of the cervix was treated with three courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical hysterectomy. Because of the presence of a large residual tumor, the patient underwent postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. Two months after the last course of chemotherapy, severe pancytopenia developed, and erythroblastic cells were found in the peripheral blood. The hematological disorder was shown to be secondary to bone marrow metastasis, and no other metastases were found. The patient died of the disease 8 months after the initial diagnosis. This case suggests that SmCC of the cervix can metastasize to bone marrow, that such metastasis can occur in isolation and lead to severe pancytopenia, influencing the clinical course of the disease.
Iatrogenic ileal perforation: An accidental clamping of a hernia into the umbilical cord and a review of the published work
Authors: Asabe Koushi , Oka Yoichiro , Kai Hiroki , Shirakusa Takayuki 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis report describes the case of an ileal perforation secondary to clamping of the exomphalos minor in 3‐day‐old girl. Eighteen accidental clamping or cutting cases were found in the published work. It is thought that this defect resulted from either the clamping, ligation or cutting of the bowel in a small unrecognized omphalocele. These complications are extremely rare, but should be held in mind when performing an umbilical ligation.
Cholangiocarcinoma in pregnancy: A case report
Authors: Marasinghe Jeevan P. , Karunananda S. Asoka , Angulo Paul 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA 32‐year‐old pregnant woman underwent laparotomy for suspected intra‐abdominal mass lesion obstructing the biliary tree. Imaging studies revealed a mass in the fourth segment of the liver. Microscopic examination of the biopsy revealed a cholangiocarcinoma. The clinical course of the malignancy was worsened by her gravid state.
Case of Budd–Chiari syndrome 3 months after vaginal delivery
Authors: Hiroe Sasaki , Itoh Hiroaki , Matsumoto Hisanori , Takahasi Syhugen , Sato Yukiyasu , Yamada Shigetoshi , Okagaki Atsuhiko , Kuzushita Noriyoshi , Ban Chiaki 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBudd–Chiari syndrome is a rather unusual clinical situation caused by occlusion of the hepatic vein of inferior vena cava, the classical triad of which are abdominal pain, ascites and hepatomegaly. A 29‐year‐old gravida 3 para 1 woman delivered an immature male baby weighing 2172 g with an Apgar score of 9 points at 35 weeks and 3 days of gestation. She was transferred to the National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital 112 days after delivery due to the sudden development of massive ascites. Magnetic resonance angiography and enhanced computed tomography detected the occlusion by thrombosis of both the middle and left hepatic veins, so she was diagnosed with Budd–Chiari syndrome. Her protein C antigen and activity were 37% and 50%, respectively, corresponding to type 1 protein C deficiency. Conservative treatment by continuous oral treatment of spironolactone (25 mg/day), furosemide (20 mg/day) and prophylactic warfarin (2 mg/day) much improved the ascites.
Exaggerated placental site reaction following an elective abortion
Authors: Hasegawa Toru , Matsui Kazuhiro , Yamakawa Yoshihiro , Ota Satoshi , Tateno Masaya , Saito Shigeru 
Published: September 2008

AbstractWe encountered a case of exaggerated placental site (EPS) reaction following an elective abortion. EPS is a miscellaneous trophoblastic lesion. There have been few reports describing its clinical course, and the ultrasonogram and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics have not been reported previously. We present the ultrasonogram and magnetic resonance imaging findings of EPS together with histopathological observations.
Management of two pregnancies in a woman with mixed connective tissue disease, pulmonary fibrosis, frequent pneumothorax and oxygen inhalation therapy along with a published work review
Authors: Hoshino Tatsuji , Kita Masato , Takahashi Takayuki , Nishimura Takashi , Yamakawa Masaru 
Published: September 2008

AbstractTwo pregnancies in a woman on oxygen inhalation therapy before pregnancy, due to pulmonary fibrosis and frequent pneumothorax that are secondary to mixed connective tissue disease, were managed safely. As usual for this condition, the patient was rather older and her ordinary daily life was restricted. This is a truly very rare case of a successful pregnancy in these circumstances. In a published work review using key words such as “pregnancy”, “mixed connective tissue disease” and “oxygen inhalation therapy”, no similar case could be found. For the management of such high‐risk patients, close cooperation of the obstetrician, clinical immunologist, clinical pneumologist and neonatologist in the same hospital is indispensable.
Group A Streptococcus causing a life‐threatening postpartum necrotizing myometritis: A case report
Authors: Lurie Samuel , Vaknine Hananya , Izakson Alexander , Levy Tally , Sadan Oscar , Golan Abraham 
Published: September 2008

AbstractDuring childbirth, group A Streptococcus (GAS) can cause a diverse spectrum of disorders ranging from asymptomatic infection to puerperal sepsis and toxic shock syndrome. We report on a healthy parturient who survived a life‐threatening necrotizing myometritis due to GAS following an unremarkable spontaneous delivery. Approximately 29 h after an unremarkable spontaneous vaginal delivery, a generally healthy 28‐year‐old multiparous woman developed a life‐threatening necrotizing myometritis due to GAS. The patient subsequently underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy. Following the surgery, she made a prompt and complete recovery. The course of this extremely rare complication might be so fulminant that the diagnosis is sometimes made after the patient cannot be saved. Clinicians should still consider GAS in life‐threatening infections occurring during the perinatal period.
Fetoscopic laser photocoagulation of placental communicating vessels for twin‐reversed arterial perfusion sequence
Authors: Nakata Masahiko , Sumie Masahiro , Murata Susumu , Miwa Ichiro , Matsubara Masakazu , Sugino Norihiro 
Published: September 2008

AbstractTwin‐reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence is a rare and compromised complication in monochorionic pregnancies. The retrograde blood flow through placental communicating vessels is mainly involved to develop the syndrome. Increased cardiac output in the pump twin can lead to severe clinical manifestations. Various surgical techniques to occlude vascular communications between the pump twin and acardiac twin have been reported. A woman with TRAP sequence, at 22 weeks of gestation, complicated with progressive polyhydramnios underwent fetoscopic laser photocoagualtion of vascular communications on the placental surface. Fetoscopic observation demonstrated one artery‐to‐artery anastomosis and one venous‐to‐venous anastomosis from the pump twin to the acardiac twin, and these communications were successfully photocoagulated. The patient delivered a 2308‐g female infant at 34 weeks and 1 day of gestation, following premature rupture of membrane. The infant is now 1 year old without any neurological problem. Fetoscopic laser photocoagulation of placental communicating vessels can be the procedure of choice for TRAP sequence.
Prenatal three‐dimensional ultrasonography in a case of agnathia‐otocephaly
Authors: Tantbirojn Patou , Taweevisit Mana , Sritippayawan Suchila , Tanawattanacharoen Somchai , Uerpairojkit Boonchai 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA case of prenatally diagnosed agnathia‐otocephaly is reported. Agnathia is an extremely rare anomaly characterized by an absence or hypoplasia of the mandible and abnormal horizontal position of the ears. The targeted 2‐D ultrasonography at 24 weeks of gestation revealed abnormal lower facial profile. Surface rendering 3‐D ultrasonography was used to evaluate the facial feature, showing excellent image when compared to the fetal face at autopsy. The reported case is discussed with a short review of the literature.
Prenatal diagnosis of schizencephaly with septo‐optic dysplasia by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Hung Jeng‐Hsiu , Shen Shu‐Huei , Guo Wan‐You , Chen Chih‐Yao , Chao Kuan‐Chong , Yang Ming‐Jie , Hung Chia‐Yi Selena 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA 28‐year‐old woman, gravida 1, para 0, was referred to our fetal diagnosis unit at 28+2 gestational weeks because no fetal movements were detected. On 2‐D ultrasonography, the cephalic axial view showed multiple hypoechoic spaces in the fetal brain, both cerebral cortex and occipital lobe showed bilateral defects, and the septum pellucidum was absent. Multiple irregularly shaped cystic lesions connected with subarachnoid spaces were observed by three‐dimensional ultrasonography in surface rendering mode. Septo‐optic dysplasia with dysgenesis of corpus callosum was confirmed by prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The fetus was complicated with cleft schizencephaly involving bilateral frontal, parietal and occipital lobes, which can often lead to learning disability, epilepsy and cerebral palsy after birth. The flaccid mobility of all four extremities of the fetus, demonstrated prenatally by real‐time ultrasound and functional MRI, forecast the risk of postnatal spastic quadriplegia.
Acute right lower quadrant abdominal pain as the presenting symptom of ovarian vein thrombosis in pregnancy
Authors: Suleyman Turedi , Gultekin Hos , Abdulkadir Gunduz , Tevfik Patan , Abdulkerim Unsal Mesut , Ali Ahmetoglu , Ismail Koramaz 
Published: September 2008

AbstractOvari an vein thrombosis (OVT) is an uncommon, life‐threatening complication of pregnancy. OVT clinical presentation is similar to that of acute appendicitis, and the latter is therefore the suspected diagnosis in most cases. We describe a case of a 36‐year‐old woman experiencing deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism during the course of pregnancy and presenting to the emergency department with sudden pain in the right lower quadrant and severe abdominal pain. This case illustrates the difficulty in diagnosing OVT, which should be considered in any pregnant woman with unexplained lower abdominal pain suggestive of acute appendicitis.
Transformation of vulvar pseudolymphoma (lymphoma‐like lesion) into a marginal zone B‐cell lymphoma of labium majus
Authors: Martorell Miguel , Gaona Morales John Jairo , Garcia Jose Angel , Manuel Gutierrez Herrera Jair , Grau Francisco Gozalbo , Calabuig Consuelo , Vallés Ana Pérez 
Published: September 2008

AbstractLymphomas arising in the female genital tract are extremely uncommon. Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma are the most common types. We describe the case of an 80‐year‐old woman with a recurrent lesion in the vulva initially diagnosed as a lymphoma‐like lesion and evolving 7 years later into a marginal zone B‐cell lymphoma (lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma). Diagnosis was based on the monotypic pattern of the plasmacellular component and the clonal rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes. No previous cases of vulvar marginal zone B‐cell lymphoma arising in the context of a persistent lymphoma‐like lesion have been reported. We highlight the importance of differentiating benign from malignant lymphoid infiltrates in the vulva.
Malignant transformation of vaginal endometriosis treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery
Authors: Fruscio Robert , Padula Francesco , Mancini Emanuela , Pellegrino Antonio , De Nictolis Michele 
Published: September 2008

AbstractMalignant transformation of extragonadal endometriosis is a described. A 40‐year‐old multiparous woman presented with dyspareunia and dysmenorrhea. Physical examination revealed a 3 × 3.5 cm vaginal nodule. The histological examination of a bioptic sample revealed a moderately differentiated endometrioid adenocarcinoma. The patient was treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery and is free from disease after 24 months. The frequency of malignant transformation of vaginal endometriosis is unknown. Obesity, hyperestrogenism, and exposure to unopposed estrogen are known risk factors, but were not present in the medical history of the present patient. In our case, preoperative chemotherapy allowed a complete resection without a vaginal demolitive surgery. This therapeutic option may be considered in order to reduce surgical resection and to preserve sexual function. However, because of the rarity of this disease, it is difficult to establish a standard treatment.
Extensive pelvic calcification in association with ovarian serous cystadenofibroma
Authors: Hayes Stephen J. , Misfar Nasira , Slade Richard , Mamtora Hari , Wilson Godfrey 
Published: September 2008

AbstractWe describe the first reported case of extensive calcification seen in association with serous cystadenofibroma of the ovary, illustrating that calcification in the female genital tract may be extensive in nature, presenting in a fashion that is not entirely typical of dystrophic or metastatic calcification. This case demonstrates that extensive calcification within the pelvis should be interpreted with caution, as it may not represent disseminated malignancy.
Primary uterine rhabdomyosarcoma in a patient with a history of breast cancer and gastrointestinal stromal tumor
Authors: Gottwald Leszek , Gora Ewa , Korczynski Jerzy , Piekarski Janusz H. , Morawiec Zbigniew , Jesionek‐Kupnicka Dorota , Sowa Piotr , Cialkowska‐Rysz Aleksandra , Bienkiewicz Andrzej 
Published: September 2008

AbstractWe describe a unique case of a 67‐year‐old patient with primary uterine rhabdomyosarcoma with a history of breast cancer and gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach. Uterine rhabdomyosarcoma was diagnosed in our patient during adjuvant treatment of breast cancer with anastrozole. To the best of our knowledge, the development of primary uterine rhabdomyosarcoma has never been described in patients treated with anastrozole. Due to the suggested causative role of tamoxifen in the development of uterine sarcomas, it is interesting to analyze whether the new drug, anastrozole, exerts any pathogenic effect on the development of uterine sarocomas.
Ovarian large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma
Authors: Tsuji Takahiro , Togami Shinichi , Shintomo Nao , Fukamachi Nobuyuki , Douchi Tsutomu , Taguchi Shuuhei 
Published: September 2008

AbstractOvarian large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNC) is a rare disease that is commonly associated with a surface epithelial and germ cell neoplasm component. A 46‐year‐old woman presented with a pelvic mass measuring 15 cm in diameter. She underwent an exploratory laparotomy with resection of the pelvic mass. Diffuse and nodular intra‐abdominal disseminations were observed. Stage III LCNC associated with squamous differentiation alone of the right ovary was diagnosed. The patient died of progressive disease 4 months postoperatively despite paclitaxel and carboplatin therapy. Ovarian LCNC associated with squamous differentiation component alone has never been reported, but its prognosis may be poor.
Late solitary metastasis of cutaneous malignant melanoma presenting as abnormal uterine bleeding
Authors: Fambrini Massimiliano , Andersson Karin Louise , Buccoliero Anna Maria , Pieralli Annalisa , Livi Lorenzo , Marchionni Mauro 
Published: September 2008

AbstractWe present the case of a 52‐year‐old woman with a history of excised cutaneous malignant melanoma complaining of abnormal uterine bleeding 11 years after initial diagnosis. Hysteroscopic examination showed an endometrial lesion with polypoid shape and endometrial biopsy was suggestive for melanoma. After a complete clinical work‐up ruling out other metastatic sites, the patient underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. Final histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the diagnosis of endometrial melanoma with initial myometrial invasion. After a 6‐month follow‐up period, the patient was disease free. Even after many years of negative follow up, gynecologists should be aware of the possibility that abnormal uterine bleeding could represent the clinical expression of metastatic melanoma in order to offer a prompt diagnosis and a personalized strategy of treatment.
Endometrial carcinoma in a patient having 45,X Turner syndrome with gonadal mosaicism
Authors: Park Ji Kwon , Lee Jae Ik , Kim Dong Chul , Jo Hyun cheol , Shin Jeong Kyu , Lee Soon Ae , Lee Jong Hak , Paik Won Young 
Published: September 2008

AbstractOnly three cases of endometrial carcinoma in women with possibly pure 45,X Turner syndrome without previous unopposed estrogen therapy have been reported. A 46‐year‐old single nulligravid woman with Turner syndrome phenotype, spontaneous menstruation, and well‐differentiated adenocarcinoma of the endometrium was diagnosed as having the 45,X karyotype from peripheral blood, skin, buccal cells, and endometrium, which was confirmed using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Analysis of the ovarian tissue using FISH confirmed 45,X/46,XX mosaicism. Gonadal mosaicism may help to interpret spontaneous menstruation and endometrial carcinoma in possibly pure 45,X Turner syndrome. We conclude that a molecular analysis of lymphocytes and various tissues is necessary for detecting low‐level mosaicism in apparently homogeneous 45,X women.