bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resolution phase of inflammation, resolvins and periodontitis: review
Authors: Непрелюк О.А. , Жадько С.И. , Ирза О.Л. , Кривенцов М.А. 
Published: March 2024

Представлены данные, касающиеся современных представлений о разрешающей фазе воспаления и роли резолвинов в качестве нового класса эндогенных веществ — производных омега-3-полиненасыщенных жирных кислот (эйкозапентаеновой и докозагексаеновой), применительно к хроническому воспалению тканей пародонта. Основываясь на первоначальных исследованиях резолвинов, а также на данных исследований in vitro и in vivo в экспериментальных моделях пародонтита, в систематизированном виде представлены данные в отношении ключевых биологических эффектов резолвинов, а также их влияния на течение воспалительного ответа и резорбцию костной ткани альвеолярного отростка челюсти. С учетом выявленных эффектов и основных патогенетических механизмов, вовлеченных в развитие пародонтита, систематизированы данные в отношении потенциальных ключевых точек приложения резолвинов на течение пародонтита, а также обозначены перспективные направления дальнейших исследований.
The literature review presents data on modern ideas about the resolving phase of inflammation and the role of resolvins as a new class of endogenous substances — derivatives of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid), in relation to chronic inflammation of periodontal tissues. Based on initial studies of resolvins, as well as data from in vitro and in vivo studies in experimental models of periodontitis, data are presented in a systematic way regarding the key biological effects of resolvins, as well as their impact on the course of the inflammatory response and bone resorption of the alveolar process of the jaw. Taking into account the identified effects and the main pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the development of periodontitis, data on potential key points of application of resolvins on the course of periodontitis are systematized, as well as promising areas for further research are identified.
Possibilities of ultrasound diagnostics and the use of artificial neural network to assess the morphology and size of the articular disc of the temporomandibular joint
Authors: Казарян Г.Г. , Бекреев В.В. , Иванов С.Ю. , Оборотистов Н.Ю. , Гусаров А.М. , Хлыстова Т.В. , Иванова И.В. , Солошенков П.П. , Цай П.А. , Кибардин И.А. 
Published: March 2024

На сегодняшний день «золотым стандартом» диагностики внутренних нарушений височно-нижнечелюстного сустава (ВНЧС) является проведение магнитно-резонансной томографии, однако ультразвуковая диагностика позволяет точно оценить наличие переднего смещения суставного диска, а также занимает меньше времени и требует менее дорогого оборудования. Цель данной работы — разработка и обучение искусственной нейронной сети (ИНС) для описания формы и размеров суставного диска ВНЧС на статических изображениях при ультразвуковой диагностике. Всего было проведено 300 ультразвуковых исследований ВНЧС, которую выполняли на высокоразрешающем оборудовании Philips HD 11XE (США) с линейным датчиком 12 МГц. Для построения ИНС была использована компьютерная программа ViSurgery (Россия). Были получены следующие размеры суставного диска: ширина переднего утолщения — 2,09±0,69 мм, заднего утолщения — 1,6±0,55 мм, средней части — 1,98±0,69 мм, что не противоречит данным литературы. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о возможности использования ИНС для анализа ультрасонограмм ВНЧС и измерения его размеров с высокой точностью (0,4—0,5 мм).
To date, the «gold standard» for diagnosing internal disorders of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is magnetic resonance imaging, but ultrasonography allows to accurately assess the presence of anterior displacement of the articular disc, as well as takes less time, requires less expensive equipment. The aim of this work was to develop and train an artificial neural network (ANN) to describe the shape and size of the TMJ articular disc on static images during ultrasonography. . A total of 300 TMJ ultrasounds were performed. The TMJ ultrasound was performed on high-resolution equipment Philips HD 11XE (USA) using a 12 MHz linear transducer. The ViSurgery computer program (Russia) was used to construct the ANN. . Following dimensions of the articular disk were obtained: width of the anterior thickening — 2.09±0.69 mm, posterior thickening — 1.6±0.55 mm, middle part — 1.98±0.69 mm, which does not contradict the literature data. . The obtained results indicate that it is possible to use ANN for visualization of the articular disc of TMJ on ultrasonograms and to measure its size with an average accuracy of 0.4—0.5 mm.
Wave Generation by Flare-accelerated Ions and Implications for 3He Acceleration
Authors: Fitzmaurice A. , Drake J. F. , Swisdak M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The waves generated by high-energy proton and alpha particles streaming from solar flares into regions of colder plasma are explored using particle-in-cell simulations. Initial distribution functions for the protons and alphas consist of two populations: an energetic, streaming population represented by an anisotropic (T
∥ > T
⊥), one-sided kappa function and a cold, Maxwellian background population. The anisotropies and nonzero heat fluxes of these distributions destabilize oblique waves with a range of frequencies below the proton cyclotron frequency. These waves scatter particles out of the tails of the initial distributions along constant-energy surfaces in the wave frame. Overlap of the nonlinear resonance widths allows particles to scatter into near-isotropic distributions by the end of the simulations. The dynamics of 3He are explored using test particles. Their temperatures can increase by a factor of nearly 20. Propagation of such waves into regions above and below the flare site can lead to heating and transport of 3He into the flare acceleration region. The amount of heated 3He that will be driven into the flare site is proportional to the wave energy. Using values from our simulations, we show that the abundance of 3He driven into the acceleration region should approach that of 4He in the corona. Therefore, waves driven by energetic ions produced in flares are a strong candidate to drive the enhancements of 3He observed in impulsive flares.
Physical Properties of Hyperluminous, Dust-obscured Quasars at z ∼ 3: Multiwavelength Spectral Energy Distribution Analysis and Cold Gas Content Revealed by ALMA
Authors: Sun 孙 Weibin 卫斌 , Fan 范 Lulu 璐璐 , Han 韩 Yunkun 云坤 , Knudsen Kirsten K. , Chen 陈 Guangwen 广文 , Zhang 张 Hong-Xin 红欣 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We present a UV to millimeter spectral energy distribution (SED) analysis of 16 hyperluminous, dust-obscured quasars at z ∼ 3, selected by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. We aim to investigate the physical properties of these quasars, with a focus on their molecular gas content. We decompose the SEDs into three components: stellar, cold dust, and active galactic nucleus (AGN). By doing so, we are able to derive and analyze the relevant properties of each component. We determine the molecular gas mass from CO line emission based on Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations. By including ALMA observations in the multiwavelength SED analysis, we derive the molecular gas fractions, gas depletion timescales, and star formation efficiencies (SFEs). Their sample median and 16th–84th quartile ranges are

f

gas

∼

0.33

−
0.17

+
0.33

, t
depl ∼

39

−
28

+
85

Myr, and SFE ∼

297

−
195

+
659

K km s−1 pc−2, respectively. Compared to main-sequence galaxies, they have lower molecular gas content and higher SFEs, similar to quasars in the literature. This suggests that the gas in these quasars is rapidly depleted, likely as the result of intense starburst activity and AGN feedback. The observed correlations between these properties and the AGN luminosities further support this scenario. Additionally, we infer the black hole to stellar mass ratio and black hole mass growth rate, which indicate significant central black hole mass assembly over short timescales. Our results are consistent with the scenario that our sample represents a short transition phase toward unobscured quasars.
How Population III Supernovae Determined the Properties of the First Galaxies
Authors: Chen Ke-Jung , Tang Ching-Yao , Whalen Daniel J. , Ho Meng-Yuan , Tsai Sung-Han , Ou Po-Sheng , Ono Masaomi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Massive Population III stars can die as energetic supernovae that enrich the early Universe with metals and determine the properties of the first galaxies. With masses of about 109
M
⊙ at z ≳ 10, these galaxies are believed to be the ancestors of the Milky Way. This paper investigates the impact of Population III supernova remnants (SNRs) from both Salpeter-like and top-heavy initial mass functions (IMFs) on the formation of first galaxies with high-resolution radiation-hydrodynamical simulations with the ENZO code. Our findings indicate that SNRs from a top-heavy Population III IMF produce more metals, leading to more efficient gas cooling and earlier Population II star formation in the first galaxies. From a few hundred to a few thousand Population II stars can form in the central regions of these galaxies. These stars have metallicities of 10−3–10−2, Z
⊙, greater than those of extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars. Their mass function follows a power-law distribution with

dN
(

M

*

)

/

dM

*

∝

M

*

α

, where M
* is stellar mass, and α = 2.66–5.83 and is steeper for a top-heavy IMF. We thus find that EMP stars were not typical of most primitive galaxies.
The Selection Function of Gaia DR3 RR Lyrae
Authors: Mateu Cecilia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Third Data Release (DR3) of the Gaia mission almost doubled the number of RR Lyrae (RRL) stars release in its Specific Object Studies (SOS) catalog, in comparison with DR2. Here I provide empirically inferred 2D and 3D completeness maps for the Gaia DR3 SOS RRL catalog along with maps for the combined Gaia SOS+PS1+ASAS-SN-II catalog. The latter currently has the best performance with an improvement of 9% relative to Gaia DR3 alone and close to 20% relative to Gaia DR2 for the VC+SOS RRL, while significantly smoothing out the effect of the Gaia scanning law.
Editorial
Authors: Gütl Christian 
Published: March 2024

Dear Readers,
It gives me great pleasure to announce the third regular issue of 2024. In this issue, 6 papers by 20 authors from 6 countries - China, Ecuador, Spain, The Netherlands, Turkey, United Kingdom - cover various topical aspects of computer science. In a continuous effort to further strengthen our journal, I would like to expand the editorial board: If you are a tenured associate professor or above with a strong publication record, you are welcome to apply to join our editorial board. We are also interested in high-quality proposals for special issues on new topics and trends.&nbsp;
As always, I would like to thank all the authors for their sound research and the editorial board for their extremely valuable review effort and suggestions for improvement. I also want to thank the readers for their interest on our articles indicated by an increasing access number and PDF downloads. These contributions, together with the generous support of the consortium members, sustain the quality of our journal.&nbsp;
In the third regular issue, I am very pleased to introduce the following 6 accepted articles: In a collaboration between researchers from The Netherlands and the United Kingdom, Jan Bergstra and John V. Tucker discuss their research on synthetic fracterm calculus, more specifically they introduce a new intermediate and informal axiomatisation of elementary arithmetic. Yasir Yakup Demircan and Serhat Ozekes from Turkey highlight their research on least significant bit steganography technique based on image segmentation. In a collaborative research effort between Spain and Ecuador, Alberto Jimenez-Macias, Pedro Mu&ntilde;oz-Merino, Margarita Ortiz-Rojas, Mario Mu&ntilde;oz-Organero, and Carlos Delgado-Kloos present their study on a systematic literature review on content modeling using machine learning algorithms in smart learning environments considering content indicators based on student interaction. Melih Kuncan, Kaplan Kaplan, Y&#305;lmaz Kaya, Mehmet Recep Minaz, and H. Metin Ertun&ccedil; from Turkey focus on computer numerical control (CNC) systems, more specifically on classification of CNC vibration speeds by Heralick features. Lifang Ren, Jing Li, and Wenjian Wang from China address in their research support vector regression (SVR) and the location-aware method for mobile QoS prediction to overcome the difficulty caused by the sparsity of data and to predict the unknown QoS more accurately. Last but not least, Emre Sad&#305;ko&#287;lu, &#304;rfan K&ouml;sesoy, and Murat G&ouml;k from Turkey look into the vulnerability of artificial systems to cyber-attacks by applying a gradient descent-based method to generate fake data.
Enjoy Reading!
Cordially,&nbsp;
Christian G&uuml;tl, Managing Editor-in-Chief
Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
Study of Profile of Young Diabetics with Special Reference to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Babu M. Suresh , Yavasani Neil Krishna Reddy 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Data about the frequency of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among young subjects below 25 years of age are sparse in the Indian subcontinent.

Aims and Objectives:
The objective of this study was to study the frequency and clinical profile of T2DM among young diabetics.

Materials and Methods:
The study was a prospective observational study conducted in the Department of General Medicine and Pediatrics in JSS Hospital, Mysuru, Karnataka, India. The subjects with age of onset of diabetes mellitus below 25 years were included in the study. They were categorized according to the C-peptide values as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and T2DM. The statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 25) computer program.

Results:
Of the 250 patients included in the study, 208 (83.2%) subjects had T1DM, 38 (15.2%) T2DM, and 4 (1.6%) maturity-onset diabetes of the young. The mean age of onset of T1DM was 13.7 ± 6.201 years and T2DM was 23.28 ± 3.68 years. Body mass index and waist circumference of young T2DM patients were more compared to T1DM, which were statistically significant (P < 0.0001), and family history showed strong positivity in patients with young T2DM compared to T1DM. Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglyceride, and total cholesterol were more in young T2DM patients compared to T1DM, which were statistically significant with P = 0.003, P = 0.0015, and P = 0.03, respectively.

Conclusion:
T2DM is now commonly occurring in young adults and children, probably due to a growing epidemic of childhood obesity and lifestyle. Obesity and dyslipidemia were more in T2DM compared to T1DM among young diabetics.
Anthropometric investigation of cephalic parameters for stature estimation: Through regression analysis
Authors: Kedia Neal B. , Yadav Sumit K. , Yadav Achla B. , Mishra Deepika , Shahi Prinka , Bansal Nandini 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Stature or body height is one of the most important and useful anthropometric parameters which determines the physical identity of an individual. Cranium encompasses hard tissue components with approximately immortal behavior, reason being cranial measurements were selected for the present study for estimation of stature.

Objective:
This investigation aimed to assess the stature of unknown using cephalometric parameters by creating equations through regression analysis.

Materials and Methods:
We selected 361 dental students for the present research; among them, 210 were females and 151 were males in the age range of 21–32 years. Stature and cephalic parameters, i.e., fronto-occipital circumference, head length, and head breadth were measured for each contributor following standard methods and techniques. Cephalic Index was calculated by using the formula: Cephalic Index (CI) = (Head width/Head length) ×100. Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient of stature with cephalic parameters was calculated, and regression analysis was done to generate the formulae for stature estimation.

Results:
Results indicated that all cephalic measurements have strong correlation with stature, and among them, circumference of head was found to be the most reliable predictor.

Conclusion:
Stature of unknown or deceased can be identified using cephalic parameters as an auxiliary practice.
Does lifestyle modification (physical exercise and listening to music) improve symptoms in patients with a temporomandibular disorder? A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Tabrizi Reza , Shourmaej Yasaman , Pourdanesh Fereydoun , Shafiei Shervin , Moslemi Hamidreza 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The aim of the study was to compare pain relief in temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients with or without lifestyle modification.

Materials and Methods:
This randomized clinical trial was performed on patients with TMD, who did not regularly exercise or listen to music. The participants were allocated into two groups. In the treatment group, the participants were instructed to exercise five times or more per week (30 minutes per session) and listen to the music of their choice five times or more per week (15 minutes per session) for 12 weeks. In the control group, the participants had their usual lifestyle without any modifications. The participants were examined for clicking and crepitus in the joint and maximum mouth opening before and after the intervention. The pain severity was also documented based on a visual analog scale.

Results:
Thirty five patients were studied in each group. Twelve weeks after the intervention, the mean pain severity was 2.70 ± 0.73 in the treatment group and 4.63 ± 0.77 in the control group. The results of data analysis demonstrated a significant difference between the two groups regarding the mean pain severity at 12 weeks after the intervention (P <.001).

Conclusions:
Lifestyle modification through physical exercise and listening to music may reduce pain in TMD patients.
A case report of chronic intermedullary inflammation of bone in a child
Authors: Nitya K , Maruthamuthu Karthikeyan , Ramadoss Ramya , Amberkar Vikram S. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Osteolytic lesions refer to the destruction of any part of bone due to a disease process (pertaining to dissolution of bone, especially loss of calcium). Osteomyelitis is the inflammation of the bone caused by an infecting organism. Although bone is normally resilient to bacterial colonization, events such as trauma, surgery, infections, the presence of foreign bodies, and anemia may disrupt bony integrity and lead to the onset of bone infections. Sometimes, osteomyelitis causes no signs and symptoms or the signs and symptoms are hard to distinguish from other problems. This may be true for children, older adults, and people whose immune systems are compromised. Here, we report a case of chronic intermedullary inflammation of bone in a child.
Assessment of community knowledge, attitude, and practice towards rabies and its determinants in Kersa District, East Hararghe Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Adem Fami , Bitew Abebe Belete , Adugna Takele , Abey Solomon Lulie 
Published: March 2024

Despite the prevention and control efforts against rabies, it remains a health problem for humans and animals in Ethiopia. A cross- sectional study design was employed from February to July 2022 to assess community knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards rabies and associated factors in the Keresa district of Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. Face-to-face interviews were used to collect data from 384 households, and logistic regression was employed in the data analysis. Fifty-three percent (95% CI= 47.9-58.1%), 62% (95% CI= 57.3- 66.9%), and 50% (95% CI= 45.1-54.9%) had adequate knowledge, a desirable attitude and good preventative practices towards rabies, respectively. 92.7% (95% CI= 90.1-95.3%) of participants had heard of rabies before, and 52.9% (95% CI= 47.9-58.1) of their primary source of information was the community. Nearly all respondents, 95% (95%CI= 93.8-97.7%), admitted to eating rabid animal flesh, and 56.3% (95%CI= 51-61.5%) believed that eating rabid animal meat may transmit the disease. One-fourth, 25.5% (95%CI=21.1-29.9%) of study participants believed that rabies is related to spirits, and 27.9% (95%CI= 23.4-32.6) claimed that holy water might treat rabies. Sex, level of education, occupation, and training status affect the knowledge of study participants. Age, family size, occupation type, and source of information were all linked to preventive practice, but sex and age were the only variables associated with attitude. Respondents having good knowledge and desirable attitudes had better preventive practices against rabies. Therefore, further awareness and disease-related training are needed for the district population and beyond to improve their knowledge of rabies prevention and control.
Revenue Generation Models Of Financing In The Administration Of Tertiary Institutions In Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: B Onabe D , Effiom Eyo Ekpo , A Akuh E , Glory Emmanuel Edoho 
Published: March 2024

Tertiary institutions play a critical role in the economic and social development of a country, as they produce a skilled workforce that can contribute to the growth and development of various sectors of the economy for human capacity building. Tertiary institutions in Cross River State, Nigeria are faced with various challenges, including inadequate funding and insufficient resources to support their academic activities. This study explored revenue generation models of financing in the administration of tertiary institutions in Cross River State, Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was adopted in the study. A sample of 720 respondents made up of all the account and financial officers in tertiary institutions in the study area, was drawn through census approach to participate in the study. A 20-item instrument titled: Revenue Generation Models of Financing Tertiary Institutions Questionnaire (RGMFTIQ) with a reliability index of 0.88 on Cronbach's alpha was used for data collection. This instrument was effectively validated by three (3) experts in the Department of Educational Management University of Calabar. Mean and Standard deviation was used to answer the two (2) research questions, while Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was used to test the hypothesis at .05 alpha level. Findings revealed that those models occur at a low level and could not be accepted as sources of revenue generation in tertiary institutions in the study area. The result of the hypothesis revealed that there were no statistically significant differences in financial and account officers’ perception on the revenue generation model as well as in their educational impact domain in tertiary institutions in Cross River State. It was recommended hat tertiary institutions in Cross River State should consider diversifying their revenue sources beyond government funding to enhance their financial sustainability.