bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Viscous Media on Charge Transfer Reactions
Authors: Tran-Thi T. H. , Koulkes-Pujo A. M. , Mialocq J. C. , Folcher G. 
Published: March 2007

The influence of viscous H2O‐Dextran media on two charge
transfer reactions has been investigated using laser
photolysis coupled with pico and nanosecond time resolved
absorption spectroscopy.In the first case, a charge‐transfer reaction from a
solute (potassium ferrocyanide) to the solvent was
studied and the electron solvation dynamics was followed.
A solvation time delay, depending on the polymer concentration,
is observed which indicates that electrons
remain quasi‐free for longer periods in these media.In the second case, the quenching process of the triplet
state of an excited metallo porphyrin(ZnP4+) by an electron
acceptor, methylviologen chloride (MV2+, 2 Cl–) is
studied. The measured triplet quenching rate constant
values decrease with increasing dextran concentration,
but remain higher than those calculated, taking into
account a simple viscosity effect. This result is
explained in terms of a competition between a decay
of the diffusion rate constants of (ZnP4+)* and MV2+
due to a viscosity effect and an enhanced cage effect
around the ions (ZnP4+*, MV2+). Once formed, this last
effect favours the charge transfer reaction.
Comparison of the Photoisomerization andRelaxation Processes Studied byTime Resolved SpectroscopicMethods in Two PolymethineDyes With the Same PolymethineChromophor
Authors: Rentsch S. , Grummt U. W. , Khetchinashwili D. 
Published: March 2007

A streptocyanine dye (BMC) and an oxadicarbocyanine (DODCI) were studied in the
picosecond and millisecond time region. The comparison showed that for both dyes the
following parameters are nearly equal: the radiative lifetime, the difference between the
absorption maxima of the stable form and the photoisomer, the activation energy and
the frequency factor for the thermal backreaction and even the energy barrier in the
excited state.The dyes show strongly different kinetics in the excited state. BMC relaxes faster by
about 2 orders of magnitude than DODCI and shows a much higher photoisomerization
rate. In accordance with Eyring′s theory the higher relaxation and isomerization rate of
BMC is connected with an entropy increase in the transition state.
Multiphoton Absorption of 12CF3I,13CF3I, CF3Br and SF6 by a HighPressure CO2 Laser
Authors: Angelié C. , Capitini R. , Girard P. 
Published: March 2007

An investigation of the IR multiphoton absorption (MPA) of 12CF3I, 13CF3I, CF3Br and SF6, excited in cell by a 10 Bars TE CO2 laser is reported. The spatial, spectral and temporal characteristics of the laser emission versus the grating position have been
carefully investigated. The main result is that the peaks observed in the different MPA spectra are undoubtedly correlated to the gain curve of the laser and not to the fine molecular spectroscopy.This result is discussed in comparison with published similar works. The most likely explanation involves a laser bandwidth effect associated with a background of weak but rather dense resonances (typical spacing of 0.1–0.2cm−1). The MPA cross section of 13CF3I is about half that of 12CF3I pointing out the probable rôle of Fermi resonances.
Alanine Formation in Aqueous Solution of Ammonium Acrylate Induced by UV Picosecond LaserPulses
Authors: Khoroshilova E. V. , Kuzmina N. P. , Matveetz Yu. A. 
Published: March 2007

Formation of amino acids (α‐ and β‐alanine) and oligomers containing NH2‐groups, have been discovered under the irradiation of aqueous solution of ammonium acrylate by picosecond laser pulses with intensity up to 1 GW/cm2, λ = 266 nm.The composition of photoproducts was shown to depend on intensity of laser pulses. The laser intensity dependence of the β‐alanine quantum yield was of a nonlinear character. The β‐alanine formation occurred under the excitation of highly singlet electronic states of ammonium acrylate molecule by two quanta of UV or one quantum of VUV light. The unimolecular mechanism of amino acid formation in such a reaction was suggested.
Laser Induced Synthesis: Condensation of Acrylonitrile on Carvone
Authors: Stringat R. , Lemaire F. , Fellous R. , Loiseau A. M. 
Published: March 2007

Laser irradiation of R(–) carvone in solution in acrylonitrile within the absorption band
of its n − π*
transition (≃350 nm) leads to the formation of cyclobutanic adducts, together with traces of camphocarvone.The carvone transformation is complete and appears with high quantum efficiency.
The quantum yield for intermolecular reaction is intensity dependent (13–30%). This is ascribed to the fact that the reaction takes place via both a one and a two‐photon absorption channel, the second being even more efficient.
Insecticidal Effects of Organotin(IV) Compounds on Plutella Xylostella (L.) Larvae. II. Inhibitory Potencies AgainstAcetylcholinesterase and Evidence for Synergism in Tests WithBacillus Thuringiensis(BER.) and Malathion
Authors: Ahmad Nazni W. , Huang Tay Siew , Balabaskaran S. , Lo K. M. , Das V. G. Kumar 
Published: March 2007

Features of pesticide synergism and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition (in vitro)
were studied using a selected range of organotin compounds against the early 4th instar
larvae of a highly resistant strain of the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, a
major universal pest of cruciferous vegetables.Fourteen triorganotin compounds were evaluated for their ability to enhance the
toxicity of the microbial insecticide, Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) and of the commercial insecticide,
Malathion to Plutella xylostella larvae. Supplemental synergism was observed with
triphenyl‐ and tricyclopentyltin hydroxides in combinations with Bacillus thuringiensis.
Increased synergism was observed with an increase in the number of cyclopentyl groups
on tin in the mixed series, CypnPh3-n SnX, where X = OH, and 1‐(1,2,4‐triazolyl). The
combination of (p‐chlorophenyl)diphenyltin N,N‐dimethyldithiocarbamate at LD10 and LD25
concentrations with sublethal concentrations of Malathion as well as of tricyclohexyltin
methanesulphonate at the 0.01% (w/v) concentration with Malathion exerted strong synergistic
effects (supplemental synergism) with toxicity index (T.I) values of 7.2, 19.8 and
10.1, respectively.Studies on the in vitro inhibition of acetylcholinesterase prepared from the DBM
larvae showed that while most of the triorganotin Compounds tested were without effect on
the enzyme, compounds containing the thiocarbamylacetate or the dithiocarbamylacetate
moieties demonstrated appreciable levels of inhibition, being comparable in efficacy to
commercial grades of Malathion and Methomyl.
Redox Chemistry and [Au (CN)2 -] in the Formation of Gold Metabolites
Authors: Shaw G. Frank , Schraa Sabine , Gleichmann Ernst , Grover Yash Paul , Dunemann Lothar , Jagarlamudi Annapurna 
Published: March 2007

The role of hypochlorite ion, which can be generated by the enzyme myleoperoxidase, in
the biochemistry of gold(I) anti‐arthritic drugs was investigated. Sodium hypochlorite (OCl−)
directly and rapidly oxidizes AuSTm, , AuSTg (gold thioglucose) and auranofin
(Et3PAuSATg). The resulting gold(III) species were detected by an Ion Chromotography Ion‐Pairing
technique that was developed to distinguish gold(I) and gold(III). Formation of Au(III) was also
demonstrated spectrophotometrically after the conversion to . The reactions of AuSTm,
AuSTg, and auranofin are complex and gold(III) appears only after the initial oxidation of the thiolate
(and phosphine) ligands.The enzymatic reaction, using MPO with H2O2 and Cl− as substrates, leads to slow
oxidation of , AuSTm or AuSTg. The extent and rate of reaction depend on the
concentrations of MPO, H2O2, and Au(I). The continued presence of Au(I) during the initial stages
of reaction (oxidation of the thiolates in AuSTm and AuSTg) and the conversion to Au(III) in the
latter stages of the reaction were demonstrated., a gold metabolite, binds tightly to serum albumin. Unlike other gold(I)
complexes, aurocyanide reacts almost negligibly at Cys‐34 via ligand exchange. Instead, there is
a strong association (K1 = 5.5 × 104 and K2 = 7.0 × 103; n1 = 0.8 and n2 = 3) of intact .
The full extent of binding is revealed only by equilibrium methods such as NMR or ultrafiltration; the
bound gold dissociates extensively on conventional gel‐exclusion columns and partially on
Penefesky spun columns.The immunological and pharmacological significance of these results are discussed.
Antibacterial Silver
Authors: Clement Julia L. , Jarrett Penelope S. 
Published: March 2007

The antibacterial activity of silver has long been known and has found a variety of applications
because its toxicity to human cells is considerably lower than to bacteria. The most widely
documented uses are prophylactic treatment of burns and water disinfection. However, the
mechanisms by which silver kills cells are not known. Information on resistance mechanisms is
apparently contradictory and even the chemistry of Ag+ in such systems is poorly understood.Silver binds to many cellular components, with membrane components probably being more
important than nucleic acids. It is difficult to know whether strong binding reflects toxicity or
detoxification: some sensitive bacterial strains have been reported as accumulating more silver than
the corresponding resistant strain, in others the reverse apparently occurs. In several cases
resistance has been shown to be plasmid mediated. The plasmids are reported as difficult to
transfer, and can also be difficult to maintain, as we too have found. Attempts to find biochemical
differences between resistant and sensitive strains have met with limited success: differences are
subtle, such as increased cell surface hydrophobicity in a resistant Escherichia coli.Some of the problems are due to defining conditions in which resistance can be observed. Silver(I)
has been shown to bind to components of cell culture media, and the presence of chloride is
necessary to demonstrate resistance. The form of silver used must also be considered. This is
usually water soluble AgNO3, which readily precipitates as AgCl. The clinically preferred compound
is the highly insoluble silver sulfadiazine, which does not cause hypochloraemia in burns. It has
been suggested that resistant bacteria are those unable to bind Ag+ more tightly than does
chloride. It may be that certain forms of insoluble silver are taken up by cells, as has been found for
nickel. Under our experimental conditions, silver complexed by certain ligands is more cytotoxic than
AgNO3, yet with related ligands is considerably less toxic. There is evidently a subtle interplay of
solubility and stability which should reward further investigation.
Structural Characterization of the Rhenium(V) Oxo Complex of Mercaptoacetyltriglyclne in its Dianionic Form
Authors: Hansen Lory , Taylor Andrew , Marzilli Luigi G. 
Published: March 2007

Dianionic (MAG3=
penta‐anionic form of mercaptoacetyltriglycine, M =  186Re, 99mTc
)
complexes have important applications in nuclear medicine. In vivo the complexes have a
deprotonated carboxyl group that is important to their biodistribution. The solid‐state structures of
99Tc
and Re complexes with mercaptoacetyltriglycine reported previously are monoanions with
protonated carboxyl groups. In the present work, we report the preparation and X‐ray crystal
structure of Na2[ReO(MAG3)] · 5H2O(1), which contains the physiologically relevant dianion. The
dianion is a distorted square pyramid with the nitrogen and sulphur donor atoms forming the base
and the oxo ligand at the apex. The terminal carboxyl group is deprotonated, uncoordinated and
has a syn orientation with respect to the oxo ligand. The syn conformation of the dianion in 1 differs
in conformation from the anti‐monoanion in [Bu4N][ReO(MAG3H)]
but is similar to the syn‐monoanion in [Ph4P][ 99TcO(MAG3H)]
.
Use of Organosilicon Compounds towards the Rational Design ofAntiparasitic and Antiviral Drugs
Authors: Déléris Gérard 
Published: March 2007

One of the major problems met for the conception of antiviral or antiparasitic drugs is to
reach a high level of selectivity towards the pathogenic agent versus the host. We shall describe
two synthetic approaches where main group organometallics have been used towards this goal. A
series of nucleoside sila‐analogues was synthesized as potential therapeutic agents designed to
inhibit HIV Reverse Transcriptase. In a second approach novel organosilicon derivatives have
been synthesized as mimics of antisense oligonucleotides.Infectious agents, namely viruses or parasites, more or less use cellular machinery. Therefore
therapeutic agents must interfere with biochemical mechanisms or possess high affinity towards
specific molecular cellular components, to reach selectivity.We thought that main group organometallics could show many advantages for designing
biologically active molecules in this field. They allow a high synthetic flexibility for the modulations
of physico‐chemical properties and they show a mechanistic behaviour which may be close to the
one of several heteroelements present in living organisms such as sulfur or phosphorus.We tried to use this approach towards two directions involving the synthesis of organosilicon
derivatives i.e:‐the synthesis of organosilicon derivatives as inhibitors of HIV Reverse Transcriptase,‐the synthesis of organosilicon precursors of modified antisense oligonucleotides.
New Perfluorophtalate Complexes of Platinum(II) With Chemotherapeutic Potential
Authors: de Oliveira M. B. , Miller J. , Banks R. E. , Kelland L. R. , McAuliffe C. A. , Mahmood N. , Rowland I. J. 
Published: March 2007

Two new platinum(II) complexes have been synthesized and their anti‐tumour and anti‐HIV activities have
been evaluated.The new complexes are: (i) cis‐tetrafluorophthalate‐ammine‐morpholine‐platinum(II) or MMF3 and (ii) cis‐tetrafluorophthalate‐
ammine‐piperidine‐platinum(II) or MPF4. They were characterized by elemental analysis,
IR spectra and  1H and  13C NMR spectra.They were tested against five human ovarian carcinoma cell lines, viz., CH1, CH1cisR, A2780, A2780cisR
and SKOV‐3. They were less active than cis‐platin and showed cross‐resistance with cis‐platin in the
CH1cisR and A2780cisR acquired resistance lines.They were also tested for possible anti‐HIV activity using the HIV‐I IIIB virus and C8166 cells, but they
were inactive compared with AZT.
Comparison of the Antiproliferative Activity of Two AntitumourRuthenium(III) Complexes With Their Apotransferrin andTransferrin‐Bound Forms in a Human Colon Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Kratz F. , Keppler B. K. , Hartmann M. , Messori L. , Berger M. R. 
Published: March 2007

Two ruthenium(III) complexes, namely trans‐indazolium[tetrachlorobis(indazole)‐
ruthenate(III)], HInd[RuInd2Cl4] and trans‐imidazolium[tetrachlorobis(imidazole)‐
ruthenate(III)], HIm[RuIm2Cl4] exhibit high anticancer activity in an autochthonous
colorectal carcinoma model in rats. Recently, it has been shown that both complexes bind
specifically to human serum apotransferrin and the resulting adducts have been studied
through spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques with the ultimate goal of preparing
adducts with good selectivity for cancer cells due to the fact that tumour cells express high
amounts of transferrin receptors on their cell surface.In order to investigate whether the cellular uptake of the complexes was mediated by
apotransferrin or transferrin, we compared the antiproliferative efficacy of
HInd[RuInd2Cl4] and HIm[RuIm2Cl4] with its apotransferrin‐ and transferrin‐bound form
in the human colon cancer cell line SW707 using the microculture tetrazolium test (MTT).Our results show that especially the transferrin‐bound forms exhibit high antiproliferative
activity, which exceeds that of the free complex, indicating that this protein can act as a
carrier of the ruthenium complexes into the tumor cell.
Toxicity Profiles In Vivo in Mice and Antitumour Activity inTumour‐Bearing Mice of Di‐ and Triorganotin Compounds
Authors: Gielen M. , Willem R. , Dalil H. , de Vos D. , Kuiper C. M. , Peters G. J. 
Published: March 2007

The in vivo toxicity profiles in mice and the antitumour activity in tumour bearing mice were screened
for four di‐n‐butyltin and five triorganotin carboxylates, di‐n‐butyltin diterebate (5),
bis(phenylacetate) (6), bis(deoxycholate) (7), bis(lithocholate) (8), tri‐n‐butyltin terebate (9), cinnamate (10), and triphenyltin terebate (11).At their maximum tolerated dosis (MTD), no antitumour effect (T/C ~1) was observed for the
compounds 5, 7, 9, 10 and 11. The compounds 6 (T/C = 0.51) and 8 (T/C = 0.42) showed clear
antitumour activity after single dose administration and might therefore be of interest for further
antitumour activity studies.
New Boron Analogues of Pyrophosphates and Deoxynucleoside Boranophosphates
Authors: Vyakaranam Kamesh , Rana Geeta , Hosmane Narayan S. , Spielvogel Bernard F. 
Published: March 2007

Tetraethyldicyanoborane pyrophosphate (2) and 3′‐(diethylphosphite‐cyanoborano)‐5′‐dimethoxytrityl.N4‐benzoyl‐deoxycytidine (3) have been synthesized in 70% and 76% yields, respectively. The compatibility of
the substituted boranophosphates with common protecting groups is hereby demonstrated.Boron containing biologically active compounds, such as nucleosides and nucleotides 1-6 and amino acids 7-9
are important due to their potential therapeutic activity, research and diagnostic applications. Many boron
containing compounds have shown promising activity as anticancer, 1, 11, 12 antiinflammatory,13 and antiosteoporotic 13agents. Oligonucleotdes in which a non‐bridging oxygen atom is replaced by a borane(BH3) group are a very important class of modified nucleic acids. 1, 3, 14-16 The BH3 group is isoelectronic with
oxygen in natural oligonucleotides and isoelectronic and isostructural with the oligonucleotide methyl
phosphonates, which are nuclease resistant. On the other hand, the α‐borano triphosphates are good
substrates for DNA polymerases and incorporation of boranophosphates into DNA causes an increase in the
resistance to exo‐ and endonucleases 2, 17a as compared to non‐modified DNA. There are also notable
applications of the α‐borano triphosphates in PCR sequencing 17a and nucleic acid detection 17b.
Methods to Reduce the Print-through Phenomenon on the Surface of FRP
Authors: Lin Huei-Jeng , Liao Chin-I , Jiang Ren-Li 
Published: March 2007

The reflected image on the surface of the fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) often presents twists and wrinkles. This phenomenon is called print-through phenomenon (PTP) in this investigation and the lines present on the material surface are called print-through lines (PTL). Earlier studies and experimental observations indicate that PTP is related to the non-uniform inner stress in the gel coating layer of the FRP. The non-uniform inner stress is caused by the various shrinkages of the plastic matrix and fibers of the fiber layers during the laminating process. So the main idea to reduce PTP is to reduce or uniform the non-uniform inner stress in the gel coating layer of the FRP. Several methods can be used to reduce PTP and two of them are investigated in this paper. One is removing atmospheric pressure before the plastic matrix of the fiber layers hardens. The other method is inserting a core-Mat layer into the Mat layers during laminating the FRP. Removing atmospheric pressure before the plastic matrix hardens can remove the influence of atmospheric pressure on causing the inner stress of the gel coating layer. Once the inner stress of the gel coating layer is reduced, PTP on the surface of the FRP can be eased off. Inserting a core-Mat layer into the Mat layers will form a buffer zone which can uniform the inner stress in the gel coating layer of the FRP. Therefore, PTP on the surface of the FRP can be eased off. To verify the present contentions, some experiments and qualitative analysis were performed. Both experimental and analysis results show that the PTP on the surface of FRP can be reduced by the present methods.
Functional Analysis of Monocarboxylate Transporter 8 Mutations Identified in Patients with X-Linked Psychomotor Retardation and Elevated Serum Triiodothyronine
Authors: Jansen Jurgen , Friesema Edith C. H. , Kester Monique H. A. , Milici Carmelina , Reeser Maarten , Grüters Annette , Barrett Timothy G. , Mancilla Edna E. , Svensson Johan , Wemeau Jean-Louis , Busi da Silva Canalli Maria Heloisa , Lundgren Johan , McEntagart Meriel E. , Hopper Neil , Arts Willem Frans , Visser Theo J. 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Context: T3 action in neurons is essential for brain development. Recent evidence indicates that monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) is important for neuronal T3 uptake. Hemizygous mutations have been identified in the X-linked MCT8 gene in boys with severe psychomotor retardation and elevated serum T3 levels.
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the functional consequences of MCT8 mutations regarding transport of T3.
Design: MCT8 function was studied in wild-type or mutant MCT8-transfected JEG3 cells by analyzing: 1) T3 uptake, 2) T3 metabolism in cells cotransfected with human type 3 deiodinase, 3) immunoblotting, and 4) immunocytochemistry.
Results: The mutations identified in MCT8 comprise four deletions (24.5 kb, 2.4 kb, 14 bp, and 3 bp), three missense mutations (Ala224Val, Arg271His, and Leu471Pro), a nonsense mutation (Arg245stop), and a splice site mutation (94 amino acid deletion). All tested mutants were inactive in uptake and metabolism assays, except MCT8 Arg271His, which showed approximately 20% activity vs. wild-type MCT8.
Conclusion: These findings support the hypothesis that the severe psychomotor retardation and elevated serum T3 levels in these patients are caused by inactivation of the MCT8 transporter, preventing action and metabolism of T3 in central neurons.
Heterozygosity for a Mutation in the Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene Does Not Influence Adult Stature, But Affects Body Composition
Authors: Pereira Rossana M. C. , Aguiar-Oliveira Manuel H. , Sagazio Alessia , Oliveira Carla R. P. , Oliveira Francielle T. , Campos Viviane C. , Farias Catarine T. , Vicente Tábita A. R. , Gois Miburge B. , Oliveira Joselina L. M. , Marques-Santos Celi , Rocha Ívina E. S. , Barreto-Filho José A. S. , Salvatori Roberto 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Context: Biallelic mutations in the GHRH receptor (GHRHR) gene (GHRHR) are a frequent cause of isolated GH deficiency (IGHD). Although heterozygous carriers of these mutations appear normal, we hypothesized that heterozygosity for a GHRHR mutation might be associated with a subclinical phenotype.
Methods: We studied members of a large Brazilian kindred with IGHD (Itabaianinha cohort) caused by a homozygous null GHRHR mutation. We compared 76 adult subjects (age, 25–75 yr) heterozygous for the mutation (WT/MT) with 77 sex-matched controls from the same population who are homozygous for the wild-type GHRHR allele (WT/WT).
Results: We found no difference in adult height and sd score for serum IGF-I between the two groups. Body weight, body mass index, skin folds, waist and hip circumferences, and lean mass were all reduced in WT/MT subjects. Percentage fat mass and waist/hip ratio were similar in the two groups. Fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance were lower in WT/MT. The other biochemical parameters [total and fractionated cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoprotein (a), and C-reactive protein] were not different between the two groups.
Conclusions: Heterozygosity for a null GHRHR mutation is not associated with reduction in adult stature or in serum IGF-I but is associated with changes in body composition and possibly an increase in insulin sensitivity. These effects do not seem to be modulated by changes in circulating IGF-I.