bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stretch‐Induced Conductivity Enhancement in Highly Conductive and Tough Hydrogels
Authors: Wang Xiaowei , Zheng Sijie , Xiong Jiaofeng , Liu Ziyang , Li Qingning , Li Weizheng , Yan Feng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe resistance of gels and elastomers increases significantly with tensile strain, which reduces conductive stability and restricts their use in stable and reliable electronics. Here, highly conductive tough hydrogels composed of silver nanowires (AgNWs), liquid metal (LM), and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) are fabricated. The stretch‐induced orientations of AgNWs, deformable LM, and PVA nanocrystalline create conductive pathways, enhancing the mechanical properties of the hydrogels, including increased ultimate fracture stress (13‐33 MPa), strain (3000–5300%), and toughness (390.9–765.1 MJ m−3). Notably, the electrical conductivity of the hydrogels is significantly improved from 4.05 × 10−3 to 24 S m−1 when stretched to 4200% strain, representing a 6000‐fold enhancement. The incorporation of PVA nanocrystalline, deformable LM, and AgNWs effectively mitigates stress concentration at the crack tip, thereby conferring crack propagation insensitivity and fatigue resistance to the hydrogels. Moreover, the hydrogels are designed with a reversible crosslinking network, allowing for water‐induced recycling.
Intermediate Phase Suppression with Long Chain Diammonium Alkane for High Performance Wide‐Bandgap and Tandem Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Jia Peng , Chen Guoyi , Li Guang , Liang Jiwei , Guan Hongling , Wang Chen , Pu Dexin , Ge Yansong , Hu Xuzhi , Cui Hongsen , Du Shengjie , Liang Chao , Liao Jinfeng , Xing Guichuan , Ke Weijun , Fang Guojia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWide bandgap (WBG) perovskite can construct tandem cells with narrow bandgap solar cells by adjusting the band gap to overcome the Shockley−Queisser limitation of single junction perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, WBG perovskites still suffer from severe nonradiative carrier recombination and large open‐circuit voltage loss. Here, this work uses an in situ photoluminescence (PL) measurement to monitor the intermediate phase evolution and crystallization process via blade coating. This work reports a strategy to fabricate efficient and stable WBG perovskite solar cells through doping a long carbon chain molecule octane‐1,8‐diamine dihydroiodide (ODADI). It is found that ODADI doping not only suppresses intermediate phases but also promote the crystallization of perovskite and passivate defects in blade coated 1.67 eV WBG FA0.7Cs0.25MA0.05Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3 perovskite films. As a result, the champion single junction inverted PSCs deliver the efficiencies of 22.06% and 19.63% for the active area of 0.07 and 1.02 cm2, respectively, which are the highest power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) in WBG PSCs by blade coating. The unencapsulated device demonstrates excellent stability in air, which maintains its initial efficiency at the maximum power points under constant AM 1.5G illumination in open air for nearly 500 h. The resulting semitransparent WBG device delivers a high PCE of 20.06%, and the 4‐terminal all‐perovskite tandem device delivers a PCE of 28.35%.
Oxygen‐Vacancy‐Induced Formation of Pt‐Based Intermetallics on MXene with Strong Metal‐Support Interactions for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zhao Qin , Danil Bukhvalov , Xiao Weiping , Yang Xiaofei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Pt‐based alloys can moderate the binding energies of oxygenated species on the catalytic surface, endowing the superior catalytic performance towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Nevertheless, it is still challenging to explore general methods to synthesize structurally ordered intermetallics with uniform distributions. Herein, the strong metal‐support interaction is employed to facilitate the interdiffusion of Pt/M atoms by establishing a tunnel of oxygen vacancy on ultrathin Ti3C2Tx (MXene) sheets, synthesizing the ordered PtFe, PtCo, PtZn, PdFe, PdZn intermetallics loaded onto Ti3C2Tx. Furthermore, the in‐situ generation of Ti–O from Ti3C2Tx could be bonded with Pt and forming Pt–O–Ti, resulting in charge redistribution through Pt–O–Ti structure. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the valuable charge redistribution can be observed at the interface and extended even to at the distance of two nanometers from the interface, which can modulate the Pt–Pt distance, optimize Pt–O binding energy and enhance intrinsic activity towards ORR. The strong coupling interaction between PtFe and Ti3C2Tx containing the titanium oxide layer endows the high stability of the composites. This work not only presents a general synthesis strategy for intermetallics but also provides a new insight that metal‐support interaction is essential for the structural evolution of intermetallics on materials with oxygen vacancies.
High‐Frequency Spinal Stimulation Suppresses Microglial Kaiso‐P2X7 Receptor Axis‐Induced Inflammation to Alleviate Neuropathic Pain in Rats
Authors: Yu Jing , Wong Stanley , Lin Zhinan , Shan Zhiming , Fan Chaoyang , Xia Zhengyuan , Cheung Martin , Zhu Xiaowei , Liu Jessica Aijia , Cheung Chi Wai 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveNeuropathic pain poses a persistent challenge in clinical management. Neuromodulation has emerged as a last‐resort therapy. Conventional spinal cord stimulation (Con SCS) often causes abnormal sensations and provides short analgesia, whereas high‐frequency spinal cord stimulation (HF SCS) is a newer therapy that effectively alleviates pain without paresthesia. However, the modes of action of 10kHz HF SCS (HF10 SCS) in pain relief remain unclear. To bridge this knowledge gap, we employed preclinical models that mimic certain features of clinical SCS to explore the underlying mechanisms of HF10 SCS. Addressing these issues would provide the scientific basis for improving and evaluating the effectiveness, reliability, and practicality of different frequency SCS in clinical settings.MethodsWe established a preclinical SCS model to examine its effects in a neuropathic pain rat model. We conducted bulk and single‐cell RNA sequencing in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) to examine cellular and molecular changes under different treatments. We employed genetic manipulations through intrathecal injection of a lentiviral system to explore the SCS‐mediated signaling axis in pain. Various behavioral tests were performed to evaluate pain conditions under different treatments.ResultsWe found that HF10 SCS significantly reduces immune responses in the SDH by inactivating the Kaiso‐P2X7R pathological axis in microglia, promoting long‐lasting pain relief. Targeting Kaiso‐P2X7R in microglia dramatically improved efficacy of Con SCS treatment, leading to reduced neuroinflammation and long‐lasting pain relief.InterpretationHF10 SCS could improve the immunopathologic state in the SDH, extending its benefits beyond symptom relief. Targeting the Kaiso‐P2X7R axis may enhance Con SCS therapy and offer a new strategy for pain management. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:966–983
Rationally Designed Cyclooctatetrathiophene‐Based Porous Aromatic Frameworks (COTh‐PAFs) for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production
Authors: Cao Linzhu , Wang Cong , Wang He , Xu Xinmeng , Tao Xin , Tan Huaqiao , Zhu Guangshan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractConstructing stable and efficient photocatalysts for H2O2 production is of great importance and is challenging. In this study, the synthesis of three photoactive cyclooctatetrathiophene (COTh)‐based porous aromatic frameworks (COTh‐PAFs) in an alternating donor‐acceptor (D−A) fashion is presented. In combination with a triazine‐derived electron acceptor, PAF‐363 exhibits high efficiency for the photosynthesis of H2O2 with production rates of 11733 μmol g−1 h−1(with sacrificial agent) and 3930 μmol g−1 h−1 (without sacrificial agent) from water and oxygen under visible light irradiation. Experimental results and theoretical calculations reveal that the charge transfer positions and the O2 adsorption sites in PAF‐363 are both concentrated on COTh fragments, which facilitate the H2O2 production through the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) pathway. This work highlights that the rational design of COTh‐PAFs with consideration of D−A direction, charge transfer positions, and O2 adsorption sites provides a feasible access to efficient H2O2 production photocatalysts.
Regulating Lateral Adsorbate Interaction for Efficient Electroreforming of Bio‐polyols
Authors: Wu Jianxiang , Wang Ran , Kang Yikun , Li Jili , Hao Yaming , Li Yefei , Liu Zhipan , Gong Ming 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTailoring the selectivity at the electrode‐electrolyte interface is one of the greatest challenges for heterogeneous electrocatalysis, and complementary strategies to catalyst structural designs need to be developed. Herein, we proposed a new strategy of controlling the electrocatalytic pathways by lateral adsorbate interaction for the bio‐polyol oxidation. Redox‐innocent 1,1,1,3,3,3‐hexafluoro‐2‐propanol (HFIP) anion possesses the alcoholic property that facilely adsorbs on the nickel oxyhydroxide catalyst, but is resistant to oxidation due to the electron‐withdrawing trifluoromethyl groups. The alien HFIP adsorbents can compete with bio‐polyols and form a mixed adsorbate layer that creates lateral adsorbate interaction via hydrogen bonding, which achieved a >2‐fold enhancement of the oxalate selectivity to 55 % for the representative glycerol oxidation and can be extended to various bio‐polyol substrates. Through in situ spectroscopic analysis and DFT calculation on the glycerol oxidation, we reveal that the hydrogen‐bonded adsorbate interaction can effectively tune the adsorption energies and tailor the oxidation capabilities toward the targeted products. This work offers an additional perspective of tuning electrocatalytic reactions via introducing redox‐innocent adsorbates to create lateral adsorbate interactions.
Biodegradable polymer composite containing ground corn stalk modified with polydopamine
Authors: Moraczewski Krzysztof , Szabliński Krzysztof , Łączny Daniel , Malinowski Rafał , Krasinskyi Volodymyr , Trafarski Andrzej , Karasiewicz Tomasz , Stepczyńska Magdalena , Rytlewski Piotr 
Published: March 2024

AbstractModifying plant fibers before their incorporation into the polymer matrix is a crucial factor that influences the characteristics of the resulting composites. This article reports on a study that investigated how modifying ground corn stalks impacted certain properties of a biodegradable polymer composite. The composite was made up of a mixture of polylactide and polycaprolactone in a ratio of 70:30, and the filler was modified using dopamine hydrochloride to create a thin polymer layer of polydopamine on the surface of the particles. The study evaluated the structural, mechanical, thermal, and thermomechanical properties of composites that contained 30%, 40%, or 50% of the filler by weight. Additionally, the tests to determine how well the composites would compost in an industrial setting were conducted. The results of the study showed that modifying the filler particles had a positive impact on most of the properties tested, including tensile strength, flexural strength, Young's modulus, storage modulus, and impact strength. Interestingly, despite concerns about the antibacterial properties of polydopamine, the composting tests revealed that the modification of the filler particles did not have any negative effects on the industrial composting process.
Carbon reporting regulation: Real effects, external pressures, and internal policies
Authors: Baboukardos Diogenis , Kopita Anastasia , Ranegaard Charlotte , Demetriades Elias 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMandatory climate change reporting is suggested as a mechanism for mitigating firms' climate change impact and, in particular, their carbon emissions. Although extant literature provides evidence of a negative association between the introduction of carbon reporting regulation and firms' carbon emissions, the literature on real effects of climate change reporting regulation is still in its infancy and has yet to provide evidence of the channels through which reporting regulation affects firms' real climate change‐related activities. By adopting the theoretical framework of the targeted transparency action cycle, which describes the mechanism leading to the real effects of reporting regulation, we provide empirical evidence on how external pressures exerted on firms and internal policies adopted by them shape the effects of carbon reporting regulation on firms' actual carbon emissions. We take advantage of the 2013 amendments of the UK Companies Act 2006, which made the United Kingdom the first country in the world to require its listed firms to report carbon emissions in their annual reports, and we empirically show that, first, after the introduction of the new reporting regulation, firms exhibit significantly lower levels of carbon emissions; second, these effects are more prominent in firms under higher external pressure; and third, firms that engage with relevant climate change policies exhibit a much larger reduction of their carbon emissions after the regulation took effect.
Potential Hepatoprotective Effect of Matricaria Pubescens on High‐Fat Diet‐Induced Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats
Authors: Chenna Houssem , Khelef Yahia , Halimi Imen , Yilmaz Mustafa Abdullah , Çakir Oğuz , Djouder Chaouki , Tarhan Abbas , Idoughi Khouloud , Boumendjel Mahieddine , Boumendjel Amel , Messarah Mahfoud 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to identify the phytochemical compounds of Matricaria pubescens by LC–MS/MS and evaluate the potential protective effect of its supplementation in high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adult rats through modulation of oxidative stress and histopathological changes. Twenty‐four male rats were randomly divided into four groups. The first group served as control and received the standard diet. The second group (HFD) received a high‐fat diet only (30 % of sheep fat). The third group‘s (control+MP) animals received a standard diet supplemented with 5 % M. pubescens (w/w). The fourth group (HFD+MP) received a high‐fat diet supplemented with 5 % M. pubescens for 16 weeks. LC–MS/MS analysis showed that M. pubescens contains many phytochemical compounds. It was observed that the ethanolic extract of M. pubescens has a higher phenolic content than the aqueous extract. The supplementation of M. pubescens (5 % w/w) to HFD rats decreased significantly (p<0.01) body weight, liver and epididymal adipose tissue relative weights, glycemia, triglycerides (TG), insulin resistance, liver markers, TNF‐α, malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PCO), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) level, and increased reduced glutathione (GSH) level, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase activities as well as ameliorated histological alterations through the reduction hepatic lipid deposition and adipocytes hypertrophy compared to the HFD group. We conclude that M. pubescens powder may be effective for correcting hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance, and liver markers while decreasing inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver of high‐fat diet‐fed rats.
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis due to desogestrel intake in a young lady: A case report
Authors: Sharma Deepak , Tewari Jay , Roy Shubhajeet , Sisodia Paras , Rana Anadika , Atam Virendra , Al Hasibuzzaman Md 
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical MessageCerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis (CVST) is a subtype of venous thromboembolism, which occurs in the dural venous sinuses. Blockage of the venous drainage of the brain leads to the development of hemorrhages. Strokes can hence develop in any individual, irrespective of age or sex. CVST is a very serious condition requiring immediate thrombolysis to prevent residual neurological deficits. We report the case of a lady aged 25 years, who presented to the emergency department with a severe diffuse headache for 4 days, associated with vomiting. This was followed by multiple episodes of seizures and altered sensorium the previous day. She had been taking desogestrel for the past 2 months. On examination, the patient was unconscious and febrile (102.8 F). On admission, Glasgow Coma Scale score of E2V2M3 and bilateral extensor plantar response were noted. Signs of meningeal irritation were absent. Her pupils were mid‐dilated, sluggishly reactive to light, and papilledema was present bilaterally. Based on imaging studies, she was diagnosed with a case of CVST. Her homocysteine levels were elevated. She recovered on appropriate treatment and was discharged on Ryle's feeding tube after 26 days of hospital stay with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of E4V5M6 and a flexor plantar response. The case emphasizes the need to rule out CVST in young adult females on oral contraceptive pills (OCP) presenting with severe neurological dysfunction. Vigilant screening, clinical suspicion and timely management can help cut down the associated mortality and morbidity in such cases.
Facile Synthesis of Carbonized Polymer Dots and their Applications in Security Inks, Sensing, Light Emitting Diodes, and UV Shielding Films
Authors: Guo Yuqi , Xu Jiali , Li Hu , Sun Minghui , Hou Linrui , Yuan Changzhou 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCarbonized polymer dots (CPDs) have received much attention in recent years owing to their cost‐effective synthesis, high resistance to photobleaching, environmental friendliness, and excellent biocompatibility. However, the aggregation‐induced fluorescence quenching is a great obstacle to its applications. In this work, the highly fluorescent CPDs are prepared by a facile hydrothermal method assisted by polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the surface passivation agent, where phthalic acid and ethylenediamine are used as carbon and nitrogen source, respectively. Meanwhile, five types of PEG species are applied to prepare five CPDs to investigate PEG on optical properties of the resultant CPDs, among which the best quantum yield reaches 57.0 %. The promising applications of CPDs as fluorescent inks, sensors, light emitting diodes, and UV shielding films have been demonstrated. Overall, our contribution here develops a facile and accessible route for the synthesis of CPDs and further demonstrates its versatile applications.
Establishment of a Diamond‐Blackfan anemia like model in zebrafish
Authors: Ling Yiming , Wu Jiaye , Liu Yushi , Meng Panpan , Sun Ying , Zhao Dejian , Lin Qing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAnemia is defined as a lack of erythrocytes, low hemoglobin levels, or abnormal erythrocyte morphology. Diamond‐Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare and severe congenital hypoplastic anemia that occurs due to the dominant inheritance of a ribosomal protein gene mutation. Even rarer is a case described as Diamond‐Blackfan anemia like (DBAL), which occurs due to a loss‐of‐function EPO mutation recessive inheritance. The effective cures for DBAL are bone marrow transfusion and treatment with erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents (ESAs). To effectively manage the condition, construction of DBAL models to identify new medical methods or screen drugs are necessary.ResultsHere, an epoa‐deficient mutant zebrafish called epoaszy8 was generated to model DBAL. The epoa‐deficiency in zebrafish caused developmental defects in erythroid cells, leading to severe congenital anemia. Using the DBAL model, we validated a loss‐of‐function EPO mutation using an in vivo functional analysis and explored the ability of ESAs to alleviate congenital anemia.ConclusionsTogether, our study demonstrated that epoa deficiency in zebrafish leads to a phenotype resembling DBAL. The DBAL zebrafish model was found to be beneficial for the in vivo assessment of patient‐derived EPO variants with unclear implications and for devising potential therapeutic approaches for DBAL.
Dual doping: An emerging strategy to construct efficient metal catalysts for water electrolysis
Authors: Chen Zhijie , Han Ning , Wei Wei , Chu Dewei , Ni Bing‐Jie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDeveloping efficient electrocatalysts for water electrolysis is critical for sustainable hydrogen energy development. For enhancing the catalytic performance of metal catalysts, dual doping has attracted enormous interest for its high effectiveness and facile realization. Dual doping is effective for tuning the electronic properties, enhancing the electrical conductivity, populating active sites, and improving the stability of metal catalysts. In this review, recent developments in cation–cation, cation–anion, and anion–anion dual‐doped catalysts for water splitting are comprehensively summarized and discussed. An emphasis is put on illustrating how dual doping regulates the external and internal properties and boosts the catalytic performance of catalysts. Additionally, perspectives are pointed out to guide future research on engineering high‐performance heteroatom‐doped electrocatalysts.
Modelling heterogeneity in the classification process in multi‐species distribution models can improve predictive performance
Authors: Adjei Kwaku Peprah , Finstad Anders Gravbrøt , Koch Wouter , O'Hara Robert Brian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSpecies distribution models and maps from large‐scale biodiversity data are necessary for conservation management. One current issue is that biodiversity data are prone to taxonomic misclassifications. Methods to account for these misclassifications in multi‐species distribution models have assumed that the classification probabilities are constant throughout the study. In reality, classification probabilities are likely to vary with several covariates. Failure to account for such heterogeneity can lead to biased prediction of species distributions. Here, we present a general multi‐species distribution model that accounts for heterogeneity in the classification process. The proposed model assumes a multinomial generalised linear model for the classification confusion matrix. We compare the performance of the heterogeneous classification model to that of the homogeneous classification model by assessing how well they estimate the parameters in the model and their predictive performance on hold‐out samples. We applied the model to gull data from Norway, Denmark and Finland, obtained from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Our simulation study showed that accounting for heterogeneity in the classification process increased the precision of true species' identity predictions by 30% and accuracy and recall by 6%. Since all the models in this study accounted for misclassification of some sort, there was no significant effect of accounting for heterogeneity in the classification process on the inference about the ecological process. Applying the model framework to the gull dataset did not improve the predictive performance between the homogeneous and heterogeneous models (with parametric distributions) due to the smaller misclassified sample sizes. However, when machine learning predictive scores were used as weights to inform the species distribution models about the classification process, the precision increased by 70%. We recommend multiple multinomial regression to be used to model the variation in the classification process when the data contains relatively larger misclassified samples. Machine learning prediction scores should be used when the data contains relatively smaller misclassified samples.