bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurophysiological effects of mobile phone electromagnetic fields on humans: A comprehensive review
Authors: Valentini E. , Curcio G. , Moroni F. , Ferrara M. , De Gennaro L. , Bertini M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn recent years a growing number of people have begun to use mobile phone technology. This phenomenon has raised questions and doubts about possible effects on users' brains. This literature review focuses on the human electrophysiological and neuro‐metabolic effects of mobile phone (MP)‐related electromagnetic fields (EMFs) published in the last 10 years. To this end, all relevant papers have been reported and, subsequently, a literature selection has been carried out by taking several criteria into account, such as: blind techniques, randomization or counter‐balancing of conditions and subjects, detail of exposure characteristics and the statistical analyses used. As a result, only the studies meeting the selection criteria have been described, evaluated and discussed further. The main goal of this review is to provide a clear scenario of the most reliable experiments carried out over the last decade and to offer a critical point of view in their evaluation. It is concluded that MP‐EMFs may influence normal physiology through changes in cortical excitability and that in future research particular care should be dedicated to both methodological and statistical control, the most relevant criteria in this research field. Bioelectromagnetics 28:415–432, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Validation and application of capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of lidocaine in a skin tape stripping study
Authors: Chik Z. , Johnston A. , Tucker A. T. , Burn R. T. , Perrett D. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA fast and simple capillary zone electrophoresis method was developed and validated for the determination of lidocaine in skin using tape samples. Separation was performed in a 350 mm (265 mm to window) × 50 µm i.d. fused silica capillary using a background electrolyte of phosphoric acid–Tris pH 2.5. The extraction of lidocaine from tape samples was achieved using methanol, which was diluted to 50% with water before injection. Procaine was the internal standard. The migration times for procaine and lidocaine were 2.9 and 3.2 min, respectively. The limit of quantification for lidocaine was 50 µg, with signal to noise ratio greater than 10. The calibration curve was linear from 50 to 1000 µg with r2 greater than 0.99. The CV for both within‐ and between‐assay imprecision and the percentage of inaccuracy for the quality control samples including lower and upper limits of quantitation were ≤2% and ≤14%, respectively. The absolute recovery of lidocaine was >97%. The accuracy and selectivity of this method allowed the measurement of lidocaine in tape samples obtained from a skin tape stripping study of local anesthetics in healthy subjects. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Feasibility of transcatheter intervention for severe aortic stenosis in patients ≥90 years of age: Aortic valvuloplasty revisited
Authors: Pedersen Wes R. , Klaassen Paul J. , Boisjolie Charlene R. , Pierce Talia A. , Harris Kevin M. , Lesser John R. , Hara Hidehiko , Mooney Michael R. , Graham Kevin J. , Kshettry Vibhu R. , Goldenberg Irvin F. , Priztker Marc R. , Van Tassel Robert A. , Schwartz Robert S. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractObjectives:The goals of this study were to determine the feasibility, safety, and early outcomes of balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) for severe aortic stenosis in a nonagenarian population.Background:This very elderly population is expanding rapidly, has a high incidence of aortic stenosis, and uncommonly undergoes surgical aortic valve replacement. These patients may best be treated with a transcatheter approach due to comorbidities, surgical risk, and personal preference.Methods:We reviewed 31 consecutive patients ≥≥90 years of age who underwent BAV at our institution from July 2003 to August 2006 for data pertinent to patient characteristics, procedural techniques, and 30‐day outcomes.Results:Our patients had a mean age of 93 ± 3.0 years (90–101). The society of thoracic surgery risk score was 18.5 (±10.2) and logistic Euroscore was 35.8 (±19.3). Twenty‐five patients (81%) underwent retrograde BAV and 6 (19%) antegrade BAV. Five patients (16%) underwent combined BAV and coronary stenting. Overall mean aortic valve area increased from 0.52 cm2 (±0.17) to 0.92 cm2 (±0.22) and mean New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class improved from 3.4 to 1.8. Intraprocedural mortality occurred in one patient (3.2%) and 30‐day mortality in three patients (9.7%).Conclusions:BAV can be carried out in high risk nonagenarian patients with an acceptable complication rate, low perioperative mortality, and early improvement in NYHA functional class. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthetic Models of the Active Site of Cytochrome c Oxidase: Influence of Tridentate or Tetradentate Copper Chelates Bearing a HisTyr Linkage Mimic on Dioxygen Adduct Formation by Heme/Cu Complexes
Authors: Liu Jin‐Gang , Naruta Yoshinori , Tani Fumito 
Published: May 2007

AbstractTwo synthetic models of the active site of cytochrome c oxidase–‐[(LN4‐OH)CuI‐FeII(TMP)]+ (1 a) and [(LN3‐OH)CuI‐FeII(TMP)]+ (2 a)—have been designed and synthesized. These models each contain a heme and a covalently attached copper moiety supported either by a tetradentate N4‐copper chelate or by a tridentate N3‐copper chelate including a moiety that acts as a mimic of the crosslinked His‐Tyr component of cytochrome c oxidase. Low‐temperature oxygenation reactions of these models have been investigated by spectroscopic methods including UV/Vis, resonance Raman, ESI‐MS, and EPR spectroscopy. Oxygenation of the tetradentate model 1 a in MeCN and in other solvents produces a low‐temperature‐stable dioxygen‐bridged peroxide [(LN4‐OH)CuII‐O2‐FeIII(TMP)]+ {νOO=799 (16O2)/752 cm−1 (18O2)}, while a heme superoxide species [(TMP)FeIII(O2−)⋅⋅⋅CuIILN3‐OH] {ν: 576 (16O2)/551 cm−1 (18O2)} is generated when the tridentate model 2 a is oxygenated in EtCN solution under similar experimental conditions. The coexistence of a heme superoxide species [(TMP)FeIII(O2−)⋅⋅⋅CuIILN3‐OH] and a bridged peroxide [(LN3‐OH)CuII‐O2‐FeIII(TMP)]+ species in equal amounts is observed when the oxygenation reaction of 2 a is performed in CH2Cl2/7 % EtCN, while the percentage of the peroxide (≈70 %) in relation to superoxide (≈30 %) increases further when the crosslinked phenol moiety in 2 a is deprotonated to produce the bridged peroxide [(LN3‐OH)CuII‐O2‐FeIII(TMP)]+ {νOO: 812 (16O2)/765 cm−1 (18O2)} as the main dioxygen intermediate. The weak reducibility and decreased O2 reactivity of the tricoordinated CuI site in 2 a are responsible for the solvent‐dependent formation of dioxygen adducts. The initial binding of dioxygen to the copper site en route to the formation of a bridged heme‐O2‐Cu intermediate by model 2 a is suggested and the deprotonated crosslinked His‐Tyr moiety might contribute to enhancement of the O2 affinity of the CuI site at an early stage of the dioxygen‐binding process.
Stabilization of Parallel Triplexes by Twisted Intercalating Nucleic Acids (TINAs) Incorporating 1,2,3‐Triazole Units and Prepared by Microwave‐Accelerated Click Chemistry
Authors: Géci Imrich , Filichev Vyacheslav V. , Pedersen Erik B. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA highly efficient method for postsynthetic modification of unprotected oligonucleotides incorporating internal insertions of (R)‐1‐O‐(4‐ethynylbenzyl)glycerol has been developed through the application of click chemistry with water‐insoluble pyren‐1‐yl azide and water‐soluble benzyl azide and acceleration by microwave irradiation. The twisted intercalating nucleic acids (TINAs) obtained in these reactions, possessing bulged insertions of (R)‐3‐O‐{4‐[1‐(pyren‐1‐yl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl]benzyl}glycerol (7), formed parallel triplexes with thermal stabilities of 20.0, 34.0, and 40.0 °C at pH 7.2 in the cases of one, two, or three insertions of 7, respectively, separated by three nucleic bases. An oligonucleotide with four insertions of 7—each between three nucleic bases in the sequence—was unable to form complexes with complementary single‐ or double‐stranded DNAs, as a result of self‐aggregation of the pyrene moieties. This assumption was supported by the formation of a very strong excimer band at 460 nm in the fluorescence spectra. Molecular modeling of the parallel triplex with bulged insertion of the monomer 7 in the triplex‐forming oligonucleotide (TFO) showed that only the pyrene moiety was stacking between the bases of the dsDNA, whereas 1,2,3‐triazole did not participate in the triplex stabilization. Thermal denaturation studies of the duplexes and triplexes, as well as the fluorescence properties of TINA‐triazole 7, are discussed and compared with previous studies on TINA.
Manipulating the chemokine‐chemokine receptor network to treat cancer
Authors: Ruffini Pier A. , Morandi Paolo , Cabioglu Neslihan , Altundag Kadri , Cristofanilli Massimo 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemokines are chemoattractant cytokines that regulate the trafficking and activation of leukocytes and other cell types under a variety of inflammatory and noninflammatory conditions. Over the past few years, studies have increasingly shown that chemokines play an important role in several aspects of tumor progression. Tumor cells express functional chemokine receptors, which can sustain proliferation, angiogenesis, and survival and promote organ‐specific localization of distant metastases. Chemokine expression in human malignancies is associated with a leukocyte infiltration favoring the establishment of immune escape mechanisms. A literature review of relevant publications on preclinical testing of cancer therapies based on interference with the cancer chemokine network was performed. The feasibility, potential advantages, and limitations of the clinical translation of the results of such studies in treatment of different tumor types and settings are discussed. The chemokine network is a key player in the establishment of metastases. In the preclinical setting, blocking agents and antibodies directed against CXCR4 prevent metastasis of different cancers. In mouse models, overexpression of selected chemokines causes tumor infiltration by distinct leukocyte subsets, resulting in tumor regression and tumor‐specific immunity generation. Researchers have also successfully used chemokines as carriers and/or adjuvants for cancer vaccines. The cancer chemokine network is a multifaceted therapeutic target. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Use of health‐related and cancer‐specific support groups among adult cancer survivors
Authors: Owen Jason E. , Goldstein Michael S. , Lee Jennifer H. , Breen Nancy , Rowland Julia H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Data from the National Health Interview Survey suggest that the utilization of mental health services among cancer survivors is low and unmet needs are high for some. However, to the authors' knowledge little is known regarding the prevalence and predictors of participation in health‐related support groups.METHODS.A total of 9187 participants in the California Health Interview Survey Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CHIS‐CAM) study completed a telephone interview in 2003 (1844 participants with cancer and 4951 participants with other chronic health problems). Participants were asked to describe previous/ current support group use, benefits of support group use, and physician involvement in decisions regarding support groups. Weighted logistic regression analyses were conducted using SUDAAN software to examine patterns of support group use.RESULTS.The prevalence of support group use was found to be higher among cancer survivors (23.7%) than those with another chronic health condition (14.5%). Predictors of support group use were found to be similar across groups and included female gender, greater education, use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), depression, and anxiety. Age, health insurance, and presence of depression predicted support group use differently for cancer survivors and those with other conditions. The percentages of those perceiving support groups to be beneficial varied from 35.1% for those with skin cancer to 96% for those with cervical cancer. The percentage of participants reporting that their physician recommended a support group was low (10.2%).CONCLUSIONS.Health‐related support groups are used by nearly 1 in 4 cancer survivors, but levels of utilization differ across subgroups. An understanding of how cancer survivors use support groups highlights shortcomings in psychosocial care and suggests that additional efforts to overcome barriers to care are needed. Cancer 2007. Published 2007 by the American Cancer Society.
Rituximab in combination with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide in the treatment of patients with recurrent follicular lymphoma
Authors: Sacchi Stefano , Pozzi Samantha , Marcheselli Raffaella , Federico Massimo , Tucci Alessandra , Merli Francesco , Orsucci Loretta , Liberati Marina , Vallisa Daniele , Brugiatelli Maura ,   On behalf of the Italian Lymphoma Study Group (GISL)
Published: May 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The current study was conducted to asses the safety profile and clinical activity of rituximab in combination with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide in patients with recurrent follicular lymphoma (FL).METHODS.This study was a noncomparative, multicenter, phase II study. Between March 2000 and December 2002, 54 patients with recurrent FL were enrolled in the FC+R trial. Patients received fludarabine at a dose of 25 mg/m2 and cyclophosphamide at a dose of 300 mg/m2 daily for 3 consecutive days, every 3 weeks for 4 cycles. Rituximab was administered at a dose of 375 mg/m2 beginning 2 weeks after the first course of fludarabine and cyclophosphamide and then on Day 1 of each cycle thereafter. The planned treatment duration was 10 weeks.RESULTS.Overall, 92% of patients completed the planned therapy in 10 to 14 weeks and 74% achieved a complete response (CR). Among patients with BCL2‒positive bone marrow, 86% obtained a molecular disease remission (MR). The median survival from treatment (SFT), the duration of disease remission (DR), and time to disease progression (TTP) had not been reached after a median follow‒up of 45 months. Of the baseline characteristics, >2 previous treatments, BCL2‒positive bone marrow, and low Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) score were found to be associated with better DR and/or TTP. Hematologic toxicity was transient and reversible, with the exception of 3 patients with severe and prolonged neutropenia. Three patients presented with infections, 1 of whom died of bronchopneumonia.CONCLUSIONS.The FC+R scheme, a nonanthracycline‒containing regimen lasting up to 10 weeks, was found to be relatively well‒tolerated and demonstrated significant antilymphoma activity with excellent clinical CR and molecular response rates. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Organization of the human medial preoptic nucleus
Authors: Koutcherov Yuri , Paxinos George , Mai Jürgen K. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe organization of the adult human medial preoptic nucleus was studied by using chemoarchitectonic markers for acetylcholinesterase, nonphosphorylated neurofilament protein (SMI‐32), calbindin‐D28k, neuropeptide Y (NPY), melanin‐concentrating hormone (MCH), cocaine‐ and amphetamine‐regulated transcript (CART), and 3‐fucosyl‐N‐acetyl‐lactosamine (CD15) to establish human homologs to the subnuclei making up MPO in the rat, where their connections and functional significance are better understood. The human MPO comprises three subnuclei, the medial MPO, the lateral MPO, and the dorsomedially positioned uncinate subnucleus. As in the rat, the human medial MPO is magnocellular and contains numerous NPY‐ and CART‐immunoreactive fibers and terminals as well as calbindin‐positive neurons. The human lateral MPO, like its homolog in the rat, distinctively features numerous MCH‐positive fibers and terminals as well as SMI‐32‐immunoreactive fibers. The uncinate subnucleus is wedged between the lateral surface of the paraventricular nucleus and the medial MPO and is characterized by variable NPY‐ and CART‐immunoreactive fibers and terminals, also seen in the rat central MPO, suggesting that the subnuclei are homologues. The intermediate nucleus was distinguished by CD15‐positive neuronal staining, whereas the majority of its neurons also contained acetylcholinesterase. The human intermediate nucleus is positioned on the lateral surface of MPO and by its chemo‐ and cytoarchitecture constitutes a distinct nucleus of the preoptic area characterized by close structural association with the MPO complex. These findings demonstrate that the human MPO is organized similarly to the rat MPO, in chemo‐ and cytoarchitectonically distinct subnuclei, which implies differences in their functional specialization, as seen in the rat. J. Comp. Neurol. 503:392–406, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multiple topographically organized projections connect the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus to the ventral division of the medial geniculate nucleus in the gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus
Authors: Cant Nell B. , Benson Christina G. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe ventral division of the medial geniculate nucleus (MGv) receives almost all of its ascending input from the ipsilateral central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (CNIC). In a previous study (Cant and Benson [2006] J. Comp. Neurol. 495:511‐528), we made injections of biotinylated dextran amine into the CNIC of the gerbil and demonstrated that it can be divided into two parts. One part (zone 1) receives almost all of its ascending input from the cochlear nuclei, the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus, and the main nuclei of the superior olivary complex; the other part (zone 2) receives inputs from the cochlear nuclei and nuclei of the lateral lemniscus but few or no inputs from the main olivary nuclei. Here we show that these two parts of the CNIC project differentially to the MGv. Axons labeled anterogradely by injections in zone 1 project throughout the rostral two‐thirds of the MGv, whereas axons from zone 2 project to the caudal third of the MGv. Throughout much of their extent, the terminal fields do not appear to overlap, although both parts of the CNIC project to medial and dorsal parts of the MGv, and there may be overlap in the most ventral part as well. The results indicate that two parallel pathways arising in the CNIC remain largely separate in the medial geniculate nucleus of the gerbil. It seems most likely that the neurons in the two terminal zones in the MGv perform different functions in audition. J. Comp. Neurol. 503:432–453, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Experimenter bias and other possible biases in psychological research
Authors: Innes John M. , Fraser Colin 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAjter a brief discussion of work on experimenter‐bias, it is suggested that the possibility of less well documented biases should be considered. A number of such biases are suggested. They are presented in terms of their source, namely the political ideologies, cultural backgrounds, biographical characteristics and personal characteristics of scientists. In considering implications of biases, three reactions are discussed: ignoring, controlling and understanding them. In particular, it is proposed that understanding the operation of bias might be furthered by working towards a taxonomy of biases, organized in terms of the sources of biases and the points in the research process at which they intrude.
An investigation of the diagnostic processing of contradictory information
Authors: Cohen Rudolf 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn three parallel experiments, subjects rated their impressions of hypothetical 20‐year‐old males described by means of single or combined personality trait adjectives on 36 bipolar (Semantic Differential) scales. These ratings were a) intercorrelated across the scales (Q‐technique) and factor analyzed separately for each subject, and b) submitted to an analysis of variance separately for each scale. It was shown that 1) when contradictory adjectives were combined the major portion of the variance of judgments fell on dimensions independent of that which characterized the contradiction; 2) there were substantial inter‐individual consistencies in the direction of the deviation from that dimension; and 3) the utility of a linear model for the prediction of judgments of combined adjectives increases with increases in the extent to which the subject experiences the combination as consistent. However, the utility of the linear model decreases considerably and consistently if the combined adjectives are experienced as non‐consistent.
Some models of balance applied to children's perceptions of international relations
Authors: B. Johnson Nicholas 
Published: May 2007

AbstractData obtained from four national samples of 6–11 year old children are presented, showing preference for four countries, perceived friendship of these countries with the subject's own country and perceived relationships among the target‐countries. Two quantitative analogues of Heider's balance theory are used to examine the relations between these sets of data, one employing a multiplicative and the other a distance approach. Both models were found to fit the data adequately, further research being needed to discriminate between them. An explanation in terms of ‘ethnocentric correspondence’ is given to explain why prediction is noticeably better for British and Austrian than for Belgian and Greek samples.
Is there a position bias in the learning of influence structures?
Authors: Poitou Jean Pierre , Kreveld David Van 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAn experiment was conducted to determine the nature of position biases in the cognitive representation of hierarchical social structures. A position in such a structure reflects the relative influence of its occupants. Using DeSoto's technique, 24 Dutch and 24 French Ss learned either a completely ordered or incompletely ordered structure. No significant differences were found between countries. The completely ordered structure was found easier to learn than the incomplete ones. According to the results of previous studies (Van Kreveld and Zajonc, 1966; Poitou, 1970) the learning curves for completely and incompletely ordered structures were expected to be respectively curvilinear and monotonic. The results did not support this expectation.
Conceptual complexity, environment complexity, communication salience and attitude change
Authors: Hewitt David 
Published: May 2007

AbstractHypotheses derived from the Harvey, Hunt and Schroder personality organization system were tested in an attitude change situation. Female subjects selected for extremeness of conceptual structure and negative attitude toward women's equality were subjected to a sensory deprivation, a normal control or an overstimulation environment in which a high salience (HS) or a low salience (LS) communication was presented. The main prediction of a three‐way interaction among conceptual structure, communication salience and environmental complexity received some support. Concrete individuals who received the HS communication showed significantly more change than those who received the LS communication. The expected reversal of this effect for abstract individuals was not found. The HS communication produced significantly greater change than the LS communication, and this difference was significantly related to environmental complexity. These findings were discussed in terms of McGuire's and Berlyne's respective proposals concerning comprehension‐yielding, and arousal reduction.