bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Harpers Ferry water gap
Authors: Patchen Douglas G. , vary Katharine Lee A 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Harpers Ferry is located at the confluence of the Potomac and Shenandoah Rivers where the Potomac has cut an impressive water gap through the Blue Ridge. Three states—West Virginia, Virginia, and Maryland—meet at this point, which is located on the Harpers Ferry 7½-minute Quadrangle. Access to Harpers Ferry from the east or west is by way of U.S. 340 (Fig. 1). Recommended stops are along U.S. 340 south of the Potomac River, Sandy Hook Road north of the Potomac, and the B&O Railroad tracks and within Harpers Ferry National Historical Park (Fig. 2).
The Roanoke Rapids complex of the Eastern slate belt, Halifax and Northampton Counties, North Carolina
Authors: Horton J. Wright , Stoddard Edward F. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The site is located at Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina, along the tailrace below Roanoke Rapids dam on the Roanoke River, in the northeast quadrant of the Roanoke Rapids 7½-minute quadrangle (Fig. 1), 4.3 mi (7 km) south of the Virginia state line. This hydroelectric dam and the tailrace are owned by North Carolina Power. Most geologic features exposed along the tailrace can be observed by traversing the south side, which is open to the public “at your own risk.” The north side of the tailrace and the adjacent riverbed north of it show similar features and can be reached, with permission, by walking across the lower part of the dam. Permission can be requested from officials at the North Carolina Power station at the north end of Oakwood Avenue (Fig. 1).
Diabase dike near Lancaster, South Carolina
Authors: Butler James Robert 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The large diabase dike and adjacent granite that it intruded are well exposed in road cuts along US Highway 601, about midway between Lancaster and Pageland in the northeastern South Carolina Piedmont (Figs. 1 and 2), about 50 mi (80 km) southeast of Charlotte, North Carolina. The outcrop is about 4,000 ft (1,200 m) south of Flat Creek and 0.9 mi (1.5 km) northeast of the village of Midway (intersection of US 601 and South Carolina 903). There is ample parking on the grassy shoulder of the highway just north of the outcrop, large enough even for several buses; in wet weather, be careful of soggy ground
Ocoee Gorge; Appalachian Valley and Ridge to Blue Ridge transition
Authors: Hatcher Robert D. , Milici Robert C. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Ocoee Gorge is located along U.S. 64 in southeastern Tennessee in the western edge of the Blue Ridge (Fig. 1). Getting to this location is relatively easy, although parking conditions and access to the rocks vary considerably along the highway. Parking is readily available at Parksville Dam at the west end of the series of stops to be described. However, at Maddens Branch adequate parking is available for only one bus or four vans. The shoulders along the highway at both of these stops provide limited walking space, and the traffic moves very fast. Pay attention to the traffic at both Parksville Dam and Maddens Branch. Boyd Gap at the east end of the site contains adequate parking and plenty of room to walk and look at rocks.
Corbin Gneiss Complex
Authors: Costello John O. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Red Top Mountain State Park and vicinity, (1.3 mi or 2.1 km) east of Exit 123 (Red Top Mountain Road) on I-75, Bartow County, Allatoona Dam 7½-minute Quadrangle Georgia (Fig. 1). NOTE: Written permission must be obtained before samples can be gathered on State Park property. Write to: Chief Naturalist, Department of Natural Resources, Parks and Historic Sites Division, 270 Washington Street, S.W., Atlanta, Georgia 30334. Alternatively, fresh samples can be gathered from roadcuts and outcrops approximately 5 mi (8 km) north of the site along the Georgia 20 right-of-way between Roland Springs Community and the Bartow/Cherokee County line, Allatoona Dam 7½-minute Quadrangle. To reach these exposures, take I-75 north from Red Top Mountain Road. Exit onto Georgia 20 (Exit 125) and proceed East.
The Bartletts Ferry and Goat Rock fault zones north of Columbus, Georgia
Authors: Hanley Thomas B. , Redwine James C. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The stops described herein are approximately 10 to 12 mi (16 to 20 km) north of Columbus, Georgia, on the east bank of the Chattahoochee River and on the west side of 1-185 (Fig. 1).
Devonian and Mississippian black shales of Kentucky
Authors: Kepferle Roy C. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
A series of road cuts exposes black shale of Devonian and Mississippian age along I-64, about 49 mi (79 km) east of Lexington, Kentucky (Fig. 1). The entire sequence can best be visited from separate approaches. The lower part of the sequence (Fig. 1, locality A) should be approached from the west on the eastbound lanes of I-64; the upper part of the sequence (Fig. 1, locality B) should be approached from the east on the westbound lanes. The black-shale section is in the Farmers 7½-minute Quadrangle (McDowell, 1975), and the base of the Ohio Shale at the west end (locality ) is at an elevation of 710 ft (216.5 m).
Stratigraphy and depositional environments of the kaolin belt in middle Georgia
Authors: Long Aubrey L. , Quintus-Bosz R. L. , Schrader Ed L. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Two inactive kaolin mines about 6 mi ( 10 km) northeast of Huber, Georgia (Fig. 1), display the stratigraphy and depositional environments of the kaolin belt in middle Georgia. The northwest highwall of Huber's #26 mine and northeast highwall of Huber's #30 mine are about 2.0 mi (3.2 km) and 2.7 mi (4.3 km), respectively, northeast of Huber's mine shop, at latitude 32°45′ and longitude 83028′, in Twiggs County, Georgia (Fig. 2). The mines are in the southwest corner of the Dry Branch quadrangle and the northwest corner of the Marion quadrangle. These mines are located in the J. M. Huber Corporation active mine complex, which is approximately 11 mi (17.7 km) southeast of Macon, Georgia. Permission to enter should be obtained from the exploration office at Huber, Georgia, which is 4.0 mi (6.4 km) west of the mine shop, on the Warner Robins NE quadrangle.
Trail Ridge and Okefenokee Swamp
Authors: Carver Robert E. , Brook George A. , Hyatt Robert A. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Trail Ridge is located in southeastern Georgia and northeastern Florida (Fig. 1). The ridge is a Pleistocene coastal terrace that forms the eastern margin of Okefenokee Swamp, a large freshwater swamp. Trail Ridge is accessible by automobile where U.S. 1 and 23 crosses the Ridge about 20 mi (32 km) southeast of Waycross, Georgia. The road from Georgia 23 and 121 to the Suwannee Canal Recreation Area (Camp Cornelia) and Georgia 94 west of St. George, Georgia also cross Trail Ridge.
St. Vincent Island (St. Vincent National Wildlife Refuge), Florida
Authors: Campbell Kenneth M. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
St. Vincent Island is a Holocene barrier island located in Franklin County, Florida, west-southwest of Apalachicola, Florida (Fig. 1), The island is located on the Apalachicola 2-degree quadrangle and on the Indian Pass and West Pass 7½-minute quadrangle maps.
The island is accessible only by boat. To obtain current access information, contact the Refuge Manager: St. Vincent National Wildlife Refuge, Post Office Box 347, Apalachicola, Florida 32320, (904) 653-8808.
St. Stephens Quarry (Lone Star Cement Company Quarry), St. Stephens, Washington County, Alabama, where a near complete Oligocene section, including the Eocene-Oligocene boundary, is exposed
Authors: Mancini Ernest A. , Copeland Charles W. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
St. Stephens Quarry (Lone Star Cement Company Quarry) is located at St. Stephens Bluff on the west bank of the Tombigbee River, 2.2 mi (3.5 km) northeast of St. Stephens, Washington County, Alabama (Fig. 1).
Coffee Landing, Hardin County, Tennessee
Authors: Russell Ernest E. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The type locality of the Coffee Sand is a series of bluffs on the Tennessee River north of Coffee Landing, Hardin County, Tennessee. The westernmost bluff is located at Lat. 35°16′28”N; Long. 88°17′32” W on the Milledgeville, Tennessee 7½-minute quadrangle (see index map, Fig. 1). The site is accessible by car and it is only a short walk along the river from Coffee Landing to one of the low bluffs. However, during high water the bluffs may not be approachable from Coffee Landing along the river's edge. All the bluffs are accessible by boat, and the bluff tops are only a short distance from paved roads although it is necessary to cross through woods. The bluffs are in an active cutbank of the Tennessee River, thus are very steep and unstable. Therefore, caution is recommended, weather.
The Taconic sequence in the northern Shenandoah Valley, Virginia
Authors: Fichter Lynn S. , Diecchio Richard J. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The Taconic sequence in the northern Shenandoah Valley is located on the Strasburg and Toms Brook, 7½-minute Quadrangles, or the Strasburg, 15-minute Quadrangle. In addition, geologic maps are available for both 7½-minute quadrangles (Rader and Biggs, 1976). All stops are readily accessible on paved heavy duty and medium duty roads and are numbered on the index map (Fig. 1) in stratigraphic order. All stops are on public land or right-of-way and require no special permission for access.
Taconian elastic sequence and general geology in the vicinity of the Allegheny Front in Pendleton County, West Virginia
Authors: Diecchio Richard J. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Outcrops of the Taconic elastic sequence and the general geology in the vicinity of the Allegheny Front are exposed at Judy Gap on U.S. 33, Pendleton County; Circleville and Spruce Knob, 7½-minute quadrangles about 8 miles (13 km) westnorthwest of Franklin, West Virginia (Fig. 1). West Virginia 28 and 33 provide access for any kind of vehicle including busses. All other travel in the area will be on dirt roads or narrow paved roads that provide access only by passenger cars and vans.
Trimble Knob basalt diatreme and associated dikes, Highland County, Virginia
Authors: Rader Eugene K. , Gathright Thomas M. , Marr John D. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The Trimble Knob basalt diatreme and associated dikes are located adjacent to U.S. 250 and 220, near Monterey and Highland, Highland County Virginia (Fig. 1).
Middle to Late Famennian successions at Ain Jemaa (Moroccan Meseta)—implications for regional correlation, event stratigraphy and synsedimentary tectonics of NW Gondwana
Authors: Kaiser S. I. , Becker R. T. , El Hassani A. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract

Two pelagic successions near Ain Jemaa (Oulmès region, Moroccan Meseta) are dated by conodonts and ammonoids and provide new data on the discontinuous Middle to Upper Famennian faunal and facies evolution in the region. Upper Devonian shales and nodular limestones are assigned to the new Bou Gzem Formation, which is subdivided into three members. The Upper Member consists of black shales that are correlated with the globally widespread, transgressive black shale interval of the Hangenberg Event. The overlying quartzites are interpreted as prodeltaic deposits and assigned to the new Táarraft Formation that probably correlate with the major regressive phase of the Hangenberg Event. Contemporaneous (‘Strunian’) coarse siliciclastics have a wide distribution in different structural units of the Meseta. Both studied sections display a long sedimentary gap but of different extent at the base of the black shales. Comparison with other regions of Hercynian Morocco suggest an influence of Eohercynian tectonics on sedimentation, leading to extreme condensation and/or non-deposition, whilst other Meseta areas show evidence of contemporaneous reworking on uplifted structural highs and massive shedding of mass flows, conglomerates and turbidites into adjacent pelagic basins. Data from Oulmés and other Meseta regions suggest a timing of tectophases as early Middle Famennian (starting within the
marginifera
Zone) and Upper Famennian (starting within the Middle
expansa
Zone), interrupted by transgressive pulses of the global
Annulata
and Dasberg Events.
A novel von Willebrand factor mutation (I1372S) associated with type 2B-like von Willebrand disease: An elusive phenotype and a difficult diagnosis
Authors: Sartorello Francesca , Pontara Elena , Gallinaro Lisa , Bertomoro Antonella , Cattini Maria Grazia , Daidone Viviana , Szukowska Maryta , Pagnan Antonio , Casonato Alessandra 
Published: November 2007

SummaryMutations in the A1 domain of von Willebrand factor (VWF) may be associated with gain of function in theVWF-platelet GPIb interaction and consumption of largeVWF multimers, as seen in type 2B von Willebrand disease (VWD). We report a new VWF abnormality associated with greater VWF-GPIb interaction in the presence of all VWF multimers. The index case is a woman with a lifelong history of bleeding, found hyperresponsive to ristocetin with spontaneous platelet aggregation (SPA). She had normal factor VIII,VWF:Ag,VWF:RCo and VWF:CB levels, normal VWF:RCo/VWF:Ag and VWF:CB/VWF:Ag ratios, and a full panel of plasma and platelet VWF multimers. A missense mutation (4115T>G) was found in exon 28 of theVWF gene, which replaced a isoleucine with a serine at position 1372 of pre-pro-VWF (I1372S) at heterozygous level. Recombinant VWF carrying the I1372S mutation and showing a normal VWF multimer organisation was capable of inducing SPA on normal plateletrich plasma (unlike wild-type VWF), as well as a hyper-response to ristocetin in the same platelets (0.6 mg/ml ristocetin vs. 1.2 of wild-type VWF). The new I1372S VWF mutation, characterised by SPA and hyper-responsiveness to ristocetin thus has some of the features of type 2B VWD, but not the lack of large VWF multimers, so we defined this variant as type 2B-likeVWD. Why I1372SVWF is associated with bleeding symptoms, despite normalVWF levels and multimer organisation,remains to be seen.
Heterozygous loss of platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ib-V-IX variably affects platelet function in velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS) patients
Authors: Liang Hai Po Helena , Morel-Kopp Marie-Christine , Curtin Julie , Wilson Meredith , Hewson John , Chen Walter , Ward Christopher 
Published: November 2007

SummaryVelocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS) is a common, phenotypically heterogeneous developmental disorder caused by an interstitial microdeletion within human chromosome 22q11. The deleted chromosomal region in >90% of VCFS patients includes the GPIbβ gene, encoding for one subunit of the platelet GPIb-V-IX receptor, which is critical for platelet adhesion under shear, and important in aggregation and thrombin-mediated activation. Complete loss of GPIb-V-IX due to autosomal recessive inheritance of two GPIbα,Ibβ or GP9 gene mutations,results in a severe bleeding disorder,Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS). In this study, twenty-one confirmedVCFS patients were analyzed for platelet morphological and functional alterations, resulting from the heterozygous loss of one GPIbβ gene allele. Compared to unaffected family members,VCFS patients showed a significant decrease in platelet count; VCFS platelet size and mean platelet volume were increased, but not as markedly as in BSS. As expected from obligatory heterozygotes for GPIbβ deficiency, VCFS patients showed reduced platelet GPIb-V-IX surface expression and total GPIb content, but with considerable variation between cases. Platelet function tested using the PFA-100™ analyzer was impaired in 70% of patients. Platelet aggregation was reduced in response to a GPIb-dependent agonist, ristocetin, in 50% ofVCFS patients, with 35% showing a reduced response to thrombin receptor activating peptide. Genomic screening was performed to exclude mutations of the subunit genes, indicating that these platelet abnormalities were due to GPIbβ heterozygosity and not spontaneous BSS. In conclusion, many VCFS patients have in-vitro defects in platelet function that may increase their risk of bleeding during surgery.
Decreased platelet reactivity identified by whole blood flow cytometry in Fanconi anaemia patients
Authors: Holzhauer Susanne , Sitaru Ana-Gabriela , Ebell Wolfram , Schindler Detlev , Hanenberg Helmut , Wirbelauer Johannes , Walter Ulrich , Grossmann Ralf 
Published: November 2007

Summarydisorder characterized by congenital anomalies and a high risk for bone marrow failure and cancer. Bleeding is a frequent complication in FA, leading to substantial morbidity and mortality. Thrombocytopenia is a major factor leading to this complication, but the bleeding tendency of FA patients often exceeds what one might expect based on their platelet counts. We therefore investigated if alterations of platelet function contribute to the bleeding tendency of FA patients. We assessed platelet function in 11 FA patients and 23 controls with whole blood flow cytometry. We analyzed the expression of platelet membrane glycoprotein receptors, reactivity of platelets to physiologic agonists and the proportion of young platelets. In FA patients platelet PAC-1 after stimulation with thrombin receptor activating peptide (TRAP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) were 15–70% lower than in controls. We found no or only minor differences of platelet glycoprotein receptor expression between groups. While the proportion of reticulated platelets was not different, the absolute number of reticulated platelets was markedly lower in FA patients. Our data show that FA is associated with reduced platelet reactivity, which may contribute to the high bleeding tendency in FA patients. Whole blood flow cytometry is a suitable method for analysis of platelet function in FA patients.
Experimental-confirmation and functional-annotation of predicted proteins in the chicken genome
Authors: Buza Teresia J , McCarthy Fiona M , Burgess Shane C 
Published: November 2007

Abstract

Background
The chicken genome was sequenced because of its phylogenetic position as a non-mammalian vertebrate, its use as a biomedical model especially to study embryology and development, its role as a source of human disease organisms and its importance as the major source of animal derived food protein. However, genomic sequence data is, in itself, of limited value; generally it is not equivalent to understanding biological function. The benefit of having a genome sequence is that it provides a basis for functional genomics. However, the sequence data currently available is poorly structurally and functionally annotated and many genes do not have standard nomenclature assigned.

Results
We analysed eight chicken tissues and improved the chicken genome structural annotation by providing experimental support for the in vivo expression of 7,809 computationally predicted proteins, including 30 chicken proteins that were only electronically predicted or hypothetical translations in human. To improve functional annotation (based on Gene Ontology), we mapped these identified proteins to their human and mouse orthologs and used this orthology to transfer Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotations to the chicken proteins. The 8,213 orthology-based GO annotations that we produced represent an 8% increase in currently available chicken GO annotations. Orthologous chicken products were also assigned standardized nomenclature based on current chicken nomenclature guidelines.

Conclusion
We demonstrate the utility of high-throughput expression proteomics for rapid experimental structural annotation of a newly sequenced eukaryote genome. These experimentally-supported predicted proteins were further annotated by assigning the proteins with standardized nomenclature and functional annotation. This method is widely applicable to a diverse range of species. Moreover, information from one genome can be used to improve the annotation of other genomes and inform gene prediction algorithms.
The importance of physician knowledge of autism spectrum disorder: results of a parent survey
Authors: Rhoades Rachel A , Scarpa Angela , Salley Brenda 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBackgroundEarly diagnosis and referral to treatment prior to age 3–5 years improves the prognosis of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, ASD is often not diagnosed until age 3–4 years, and medical providers may lack training to offer caregivers evidence-based treatment recommendations. This study tested hypotheses that 1) children with ASD would be diagnosed between ages 3–4 years (replicating prior work), 2) caregivers would receive little information beyond the diagnosis from their medical providers, and 3) caregivers would turn to other sources, outside of their local health care professionals, to learn more about ASD.Methods146 ASD caregivers responded to an online survey that consisted of questions about demographics, the diagnostic process, sources of information/support, and the need and availability of local services for ASDs. Hypotheses were tested using descriptives, regression analyses, analyses of variance, and chi-squared.ResultsThe average age of diagnosis was 4 years, 10 months and the mode was 3 years. While approximately 40% of professionals gave additional information about ASD after diagnosis and 15–34% gave advice on medical/educational programs, only 6% referred to an autism specialist and 18% gave no further information. The diagnosis of Autism was made at earlier ages than Asperger's Disorder or PDD-NOS. Developmental pediatricians (relative to psychiatrists/primary care physicians, neurologists, and psychologists) were associated with the lowest age of diagnosis and were most likely to distribute additional information. Caregivers most often reported turning to the media (i.e., internet, books, videos), conferences, and other parents to learn more about ASD.ConclusionThe average age of ASD diagnosis (4 years, 10 months) was later than optimal if children are to receive the most benefit from early intervention. Most professionals gave caregivers further information about ASDs, especially developmental pediatricians, but a sizeable minority did not. This may reflect a lack of training in the wide range of behaviors that occur across the autism spectrum. Parents turned to outside sources to learn more about ASD. We recommend that all physicians receive specialized training about ASDs to improve upon early screening and diagnosis, and then advise caregivers about empirically-supported services.
Characterization of body weight and composition changes during the sophomore year of college
Authors: Hull Holly R , Morrow Michelle L , Dinger Mary K , Han Jennifer L , Fields David A 
Published: November 2007

Abstract

Background
Years spent in college represents a critical time for obesity development though little information is known regarding how body weight and composition changes beyond the first year of college. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in body weight and composition and the factors influencing those changes among sophomore females.

Methods
Body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was obtained in participants beginning during their freshman year and continued through their sophomore year.

Results
No difference was observed between sophomore year fall and spring visits for body weight (60.4 versus 60.6 kg) or fat mass (19.3 versus 18.7 kg). However, a significant (P ≤ 0.05) decrease was observed for body fat (31.9 versus 30.9 %fat) and a significant increase was observed for fat-free mass (37.7 versus 38.4 kg). Participants living off campus significantly (P ≤ 0.05) declined in body fat (33.0 versus 31.0 %fat) and fat mass (19.4 versus 18.2 kg) and increased in fat-free mass (36.1 versus 37.2 kg) with no differences in those living on campus.

Conclusion
No change in body weight was observed in females during their sophomore year. However, an increase in fat-free mass accompanied with a decrease in fat mass resulted in a decrease in body fat. Participants living off campus had favorable changes in their body composition by means of decreasing %fat and fat mass while increasing fat-free mass. Participants living on campus did not demonstrate these favorable changes.