bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control of Echinochloa spp. and Leptochloa fascicularis with the novel dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitor herbicide tetflupyrolimet in California water-seeded rice
Authors: Lombardi Matthew A. , Al-Khatib Kassim 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The spread of herbicide-resistant weeds is considered a major problem for rice production in California, and there is a need for new herbicides. Tetflupyrolimet is a new herbicide with a novel dihydroorotate dehydrogenase–inhibiting site of action that has strong activity on grasses. Three field studies were conducted at the California Rice Experiment Station in Biggs, CA, in 2022 and 2023 to (1) determine control of watergrass species and bearded sprangletop with tetflupyrolimet, (2) characterize the effects of tetflupyrolimet combined with other herbicides on weed control and rice, and (3) determine the response of rice cultivars to tetflupyrolimet. In the first study, tetflupyrolimet was applied at preemergence (PRE) or at the 1- to 2-leaf stage of rice (POST) at 0.1, 0.125, or 0.15 kg ai ha−1 followed by carfentrazone. Tetflupyrolimet provided ≥99% control of watergrass species and 100% bearded sprangletop control regardless of the rate or application timing, while showing no crop injury symptoms or yield reduction. In the second study, tetflupyrolimet was applied PRE or POST at 0.1 or 0.15 kg ai ha−1 followed by herbicides labeled for use in California rice production. Tetflupyrolimet provided ≥98% control of watergrass species, which was better than the grower standard treatment, and ≥97% control of bearded sprangletop. In the third study, tetflupyrolimet was applied PRE or POST at 0.125, 0.15, 0.25, or 0.3 kg ai ha−1 followed by carfentrazone. The six California rice cultivars evaluated, ‘M-105’, ‘M-206’, ‘M-209’, ‘M-211’, ‘L-208’, and ‘CM-203’, did not show any trend of crop injury caused by tetflupyrolimet. Overall, tetflupyrolimet provided a high level of control of watergrass species and bearded sprangletop without causing visual rice injury or yield reductions, regardless of rice cultivar, when applied alone or in combination with commonly used sedge and broadleaf herbicides in California water-seeded rice.
A Carbon Source in a Carbon Sink: Carbon Dioxide and Methane Dynamics in Open‐Water Peatland Pools
Authors: Taillardat Pierre , Linkhorst Annika , Deblois Charles P. , Prijac Antonin , Gandois Laure , Tremblay Alain , Garneau Michelle 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPeatlands store organic carbon available for decomposition and transfer to neighboring water bodies, which can ultimately generate carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions. The objective of this study was to clarify the biogeochemical functioning of open‐water peatland pools and their influence on carbon budgets at the ecosystem and global scale. Continuously operated automated equipment and monthly manual measurements were used to describe the CO2 and CH4 dynamics in boreal ombrotrophic peatland pools and porewater (Québec, Canada) over the growing seasons 2019 and 2020. The peat porewater stable carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) for both CO2 (median δ13C‐CO2: −3.8‰) and CH4 (median δ13C‐CH4: −64.30‰) suggested that hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis was the predominant degradation pathway in peat. Open‐water pools were supersaturated in CO2 and CH4 and received most of these dissolved carbon greenhouse gases (C‐GHG) from peat porewater input. Throughout the growing season, higher CO2 concentrations and fluxes in pools were measured when the water table was low—suggesting a steady release of CO2 from deep peat porewater. Higher CH4 ebullition and diffusion occurred in August when bottom water and peat temperatures were the highest. While this study demonstrates that peatland pools are chimneys of CO2 and CH4 stored in peat, it also shows that the C‐GHG concentrations and flux rates in peat pools are comparable to other aquatic systems of the same size. Although peatlands are often considered uniform entities, our study highlights their biogeochemical heterogeneity, which, if considered, substantially influences their net carbon balance with the atmosphere.
Seismological Evidence for the Existence of Long‐Distance Hydrological Channel and Its Implication for Fluid Overpressure in Southern Sichuan, China
Authors: Tian Wen , Wu Qingju , Dai Kun , Guo Rumeng , Yao Zhixiang , Qiang Zhengyang , Deng Fei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUnprecedented levels of seismicity have been seen in southern Sichuan, China, since the large‐scale exploitation of shale gas. Fluid and pore pressure transported through hydrological channel are thought as pivotal elements in the induction of earthquakes. Our high‐resolution tomography results reveal two inclined seismic anomalies featured by low Vs and high Vp/Vs at different depth range. The deeper anomaly extends 15 km from NE to SE and connects the well g048 from 3 km depth to the vicinity of the Ms 4.7 Gongxian earthquake 5.4 km deep, which is hinted to be a hydrological channel inferred from the high fluid overpressure of 28 Mpa calculated from focal mechanism solution. The injection operation of multiple shale gas wells along the channel may potentially accumulate the pore pressure and cause the fault near the end of the channel to reach critical stress state through various mechanisms.
On the Global Features of the 10–60‐Min ULF Waves in Jovian Magnetosphere: Juno Observations
Authors: Sun J. W. , Xie L. , Yao Z. H. , Fu S. Y. , Dunn W. R. , Grodent D. , Bonfond B. , Zhang B. , Pan D. X. , Xu Y. , Chen Y. N. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the Jovian magnetosphere, quasi‐periodic phenomena, with quasi‐periods on the order of 10–60 min, are frequently identified using different data sets. These pulsations are a branch of ultra‐low frequency (ULF) waves, which are believed to play a crucial role in driving the energy circulation within Jupiter's magnetosphere. In this study, we utilize magnetic field data collected by Juno between 2016 and 2022 to perform a comprehensive global statistical analysis of the spatial distribution and periodic characteristics of ULF waves in the Jovian magnetosphere. Our findings reveal distinct periodic features observed at different latitudes and distances, providing valuable insights into the generation mechanisms of ULF waves. Furthermore, we establish a close relationship between the presence of these ULF wave fluctuations and the magnetospheric state, such as under conditions of solar wind compression. By combining contemporaneous ultraviolet aurora observations from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and magnetic field data obtained by Juno, we have discovered that the compressed magnetospheres exhibit more pronounced ULF waves and enhanced auroral activity. These results provide a global picture of the distribution, implying potential generation of ULF waves in the Jovian magnetosphere, and shedding light on the processes behind the 10–60‐min energy releases.
Outcomes of allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation for myelofibrosis in children and adolescents: the retrospective study of the EBMT Paediatric Diseases WP
Authors: Wachowiak Jacek , Galimard Jacques-Emmanuel , Dalissier Arnaud , Rihani Rawad , AlSaedi Hawazen , Wynn Robert F. , Dalle Jean-Hugues , Peffault de Latour Régis , Sedlacek Petr , Balduzzi Adriana , Schroeder Thomas , Bodova Ivana , Gonzalez Vicent Marta , Gruhn Bernd , Hamladji Rose-Marie , Krivan Gergely , Patrick Katharine , Sobkowiak-Sobierajska Agnieszka , Stepensky Polina , Unal Ali , Amrolia Persis , Perez Martinez Antonio , Rialland Fanny , Aljurf Mahmoud , Isgro Antonella , Toren Amos , Bierings Marc , Corbacioglu Selim , Kałwak Krzysztof 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis retrospective study evaluated 35 children (median age 5.2 years; range 0.4–18) with myelofibrosis (MF), including 33 with primary myelofibrosis and 2 with secondary myelofibrosis transplanted from matched sibling donor (MSD) (n = 17) or non-MSD (n = 18) between 2000 and 2022. Conditioning was usually chemotherapy-based (n = 33) and myeloablative (n = 32). Fifteen patients received bone marrow (BM), 14 haematopoietic cells (HC) from peripheral blood (PB), and 6 from cord blood (CB). Day +100 acute GvHD II–IV incidence was significantly lower after MSD-haematopoietic cell transplantation (MSD-HCT) than after non-MSD-HCT [18.8% (4.3–41.1) vs 58.8% (31–78.6); p = 0.01]. Six-year non-relapse mortality (NRM) was 18% (7.1–32.8), relapse incidence was 15.9% (5.6–30.9), progression-free survival (PFS) was 66.1% (47–79.7), GvHD-free relapse-free survival was 50% (30.6–66.7), and overall survival (OS) was 71.1% (51.4–84). Six-year PFS and OS were significantly higher after BM transplantation compared to HCT from other sources [85.1% (52.3–96.1) vs 50.8% (26.3–71), p = 0.03, and 90.9% (50.8–98.7) vs 54% (28.1–74.2), p = 0.01, respectively], whereas NRM was significantly lower [0% vs 32% (12.3–53.9); p = 0.02]. This first multicentre study on outcomes of allogeneic HCT in children with myelofibrosis proves feasibility and curative effect of transplantation in these children, suggests that bone marrow transplantation is associated with better outcomes, and indicates the need for further studies.
Tertiary structure and conformational dynamics of the anti-amyloidogenic chaperone DNAJB6b at atomistic resolution
Authors: Adupa Vasista , Ustyantseva Elizaveta , Kampinga Harm H. , Onck Patrick R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDNAJB6b is a molecular chaperone of the heat shock protein network, shown to play a crucial role in preventing aggregation of several disease-related intrinsically disordered proteins. Using homology modeling and microsecond-long all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we show that monomeric DNAJB6b is a transiently interconverting protein cycling between three states: a closed state, an open state (both abundant), and a less abundant extended state. Interestingly, the reported regulatory autoinhibitory anchor between helix V in the G/F1 region and helices II/III of the J-domain, which obstructs the access of Hsp70 to the J-domain remains present in all three states. This possibly suggests a mechanistically intriguing regulation in which DNAJB6b only becomes exposed when loaded with substrates that require Hsp70 processing. Our MD results of DNAJB6b carrying mutations in the G/F1 region that are linked to limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type D1 (LGMDD1) show that this G/F1 region becomes highly dynamic, pointing towards a spontaneous release of the autoinhibitory helix V from helices II/III. This would increase the probability of non-functional Hsp70 interactions to DNAJB6b without substrates. Our cellular data indeed confirm that non-substrate loaded LGMDD1 mutants have aberrant interactions with Hsp70.
Assembly of short amphiphilic peptoids into nanohelices with controllable supramolecular chirality
Authors: Zheng Renyu , Zhao Mingfei , Du Jingshan S. , Sudarshan Tarunya Rao , Zhou Yicheng , Paravastu Anant K. , De Yoreo James J. , Ferguson Andrew L. , Chen Chun-Long 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA long-standing challenge in bioinspired materials is to design and synthesize synthetic materials that mimic the sophisticated structures and functions of natural biomaterials, such as helical protein assemblies that are important in biological systems. Herein, we report the formation of a series of nanohelices from a type of well-developed protein-mimetics called peptoids. We demonstrate that nanohelix structures and supramolecular chirality can be well-controlled through the side-chain chemistry. Specifically, the ionic effects on peptoids from varying the polar side-chain groups result in the formation of either single helical fiber or hierarchically stacked helical bundles. We also demonstrate that the supramolecular chirality of assembled peptoid helices can be controlled by modifying assembling peptoids with a single chiral amino acid side chain. Computational simulations and theoretical modeling predict that minimizing exposure of hydrophobic domains within a twisted helical form presents the most thermodynamically favorable packing of these amphiphilic peptoids and suggests a key role for both polar and hydrophobic domains on nanohelix formation. Our findings establish a platform to design and synthesize chiral functional materials using sequence-defined synthetic polymers.
Host response during unresolved urinary tract infection alters female mammary tissue homeostasis through collagen deposition and TIMP1
Authors: Henry Samantha , Lewis Steven Macauley , Cyrill Samantha Leeanne , Callaway Mackenzie Kate , Chatterjee Deeptiman , Hanasoge Somasundara Amritha Varshini , Jones Gina , He Xue-Yan , Caligiuri Giuseppina , Ciccone Michael Francis , Diaz Isabella Andrea , Biswas Amelia Aumalika , Hernandez Evelyn , Ha Taehoon , Wilkinson John Erby , Egeblad Mikala , Tuveson David Arthur , dos Santos Camila Oresco 
Published: April 2024

AbstractExposure to pathogens throughout a lifetime influences immunity and organ function. Here, we explore how the systemic host-response to bacterial urinary tract infection (UTI) induces tissue-specific alterations to the mammary gland. Utilizing a combination of histological tissue analysis, single cell transcriptomics, and flow cytometry, we identify that mammary tissue from UTI-bearing mice displays collagen deposition, enlarged ductal structures, ductal hyperplasia with atypical epithelial transcriptomes and altered immune composition. Bacterial cells are absent in the mammary tissue and blood of UTI-bearing mice, therefore, alterations to the distal mammary tissue are mediated by the systemic host response to local infection. Furthermore, broad spectrum antibiotic treatment resolves the infection and restores mammary cellular and tissue homeostasis. Systemically, unresolved UTI correlates with increased plasma levels of the metalloproteinase inhibitor, TIMP1, which controls extracellular matrix remodeling and neutrophil function. Treatment of nulliparous and post-lactation UTI-bearing female mice with a TIMP1 neutralizing antibody, restores mammary tissue normal homeostasis, thus providing evidence for a link between the systemic host response during UTI and mammary gland alterations.
Bacterial peptidoglycan acts as a digestive signal mediating host adaptation to diverse food resources in C. elegans
Authors: Hao Fanrui , Liu Huimin , Qi Bin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFood availability and usage is a major adaptive force for the successful survival of animals in nature, yet little is known about the specific signals that activate the host digestive system to allow for the consumption of varied foods. Here, by using a food digestion system inC. elegans, we discover that bacterial peptidoglycan (PGN) is a unique food signal that activates animals to digest inedible food. We identified that a glycosylated protein, Bacterial Colonization Factor-1 (BCF-1), in the gut interacts with bacterial PGN, leading to the inhibition of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) by regulating the release of Neuropeptide-Like Protein (NLP-3). Interestingly, activating UPRmtwas found to hinder food digestion, which depends on the innate immune p38 MAPK/PMK-1 pathway. Conversely, inhibiting PMK-1 was able to alleviate digestion defects inbcf-1mutants. Furthermore, we demonstrate that animals with digestion defects experience reduced natural adaptation capabilities. This study reveals that PGN-BCF-1 interaction acts as “good-food signal” to promote food digestion and animal growth, which facilitates adaptation of the host animals by increasing ability to consume a wide range of foods in their natural environment.
Combined and differential roles of ADD domains of DNMT3A and DNMT3L on DNA methylation landscapes in mouse germ cells
Authors: Kubo Naoki , Uehara Ryuji , Uemura Shuhei , Ohishi Hiroaki , Shirane Kenjiro , Sasaki Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) and its catalytically inactive cofactor DNA methyltransferase 3-Like (DNMT3L) proteins form functional heterotetramers to deposit DNA methylation in mammalian germ cells. While both proteins have an ATRX-DNMT3-DNMT3L (ADD) domain that recognizes histone H3 tail unmethylated at lysine-4 (H3K4me0), the combined and differential roles of the domains in the two proteins have not been fully defined in vivo. Here we investigate DNA methylation landscapes in female and male germ cells derived from mice with loss-of-function amino acid substitutions in the ADD domains of DNMT3A and/or DNMT3L. Mutations in either the DNMT3A-ADD or the DNMT3L-ADD domain moderately decrease global CG methylation levels, but to different degrees, in both germ cells. Furthermore, when the ADD domains of both DNMT3A and DNMT3L lose their functions, the CG methylation levels are much more reduced, especially in oocytes, comparable to the impact of the Dnmt3a/3L knockout. In contrast, aberrant accumulation of non-CG methylation occurs at thousands of genomic regions in the double mutant oocytes and spermatozoa. These results highlight the critical role of the ADD-H3K4me0 binding in proper CG and non-CG methylation in germ cells and the various impacts of the ADD domains of the two proteins.
Revisiting Copenhagen climate mitigation targets
Authors: Li Shuping , Meng Jing , Hubacek Klaus , Eskander Shaikh M. S. U. , Li Yuan , Chen Peipei , Guan Dabo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMany economies set climate mitigation targets for 2020 at the 2009 15th Conference of the Parties conference of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Copenhagen. Yet no retrospective review of the implementation and actual mitigation associated with these targets has materialized. Here we track the national CO2 emissions from both territory and consumption (trade adjusted) perspectives to assess socioeconomic factors affecting changes in emissions. Among the 34 countries analysed, 12 failed to meet their targets (among them Portugal, Spain and Japan) and 7 achieved the target for territorial emissions, albeit with carbon leakage through international trade to meet domestic demand while increasing emissions in other countries. Key factors in meeting targets were intensity reduction of energy and the improvement of the energy mix. However, many countries efforts fell short of their latest nationally determined contributions. Timely tracking and review of mitigation efforts are critical for meeting the Paris Agreement targets.
Smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment reveals an incremental association between natural diversity and mental wellbeing
Authors: Hammoud Ryan , Tognin Stefania , Smythe Michael , Gibbons Johanna , Davidson Neil , Bakolis Ioannis , Mechelli Andrea 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUsing smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment, this study investigated an association between natural diversity on mental wellbeing. A sample of 1,998 participants completed 41,448 assessments between April 2018 and September 2023. Environments which included a larger range of natural features, such as trees, plants and birdlife (high natural diversity) were associated with greater mental wellbeing than environments including a smaller range of natural features (low natural diversity). There was evidence of a mediating effect of natural diversity on the association between natural environments and mental wellbeing. These results highlight the importance of policies and practices that support richness of biodiversity for public mental health.
ECG signal quality in intermittent long-term dry electrode recordings with controlled motion artifacts
Authors: Joutsen Atte , Cömert Alper , Kaappa Emma , Vanhatalo Kirsi , Riistama Jarno , Vehkaoja Antti , Eskola Hannu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWearable long-term monitoring applications are becoming more and more popular in both the consumer and the medical market. In wearable ECG monitoring, the data quality depends on the properties of the electrodes and on how they interface with the skin. Dry electrodes do not require any action from the user. They usually do not irritate the skin, and they provide sufficiently high-quality data for ECG monitoring purposes during low-intensity user activity. We investigated prospective motion artifact–resistant dry electrode materials for wearable ECG monitoring. The tested materials were (1) porous: conductive polymer, conductive silver fabric; and (2) solid: stainless steel, silver, and platinum. ECG was acquired from test subjects in a 10-min continuous settling test and in a 48-h intermittent long-term test. In the settling test, the electrodes were stationary, whereas both stationary and controlled motion artifact tests were included in the long-term test. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was used as the figure of merit to quantify the results. Skin–electrode interface impedance was measured to quantify its effect on the ECG, as well as to leverage the dry electrode ECG amplifier design. The SNR of all electrode types increased during the settling test. In the long-term test, the SNR was generally elevated further. The introduction of electrode movement reduced the SNR markedly. Solid electrodes had a higher SNR and lower skin–electrode impedance than porous electrodes. In the stationary testing, stainless steel showed the highest SNR, followed by platinum, silver, conductive polymer, and conductive fabric. In the movement testing, the order was platinum, stainless steel, silver, conductive polymer, and conductive fabric.
Enhancement of acousto-optic interaction using a phoxonic cavity with structural hierarchy
Authors: An Junyong , Park Seongmin , Jeon Wonju 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe propose a phoxonic cavity with structural hierarchy to enhance acousto-optic interaction in acoustically dissipative media. In a conventional phoxonic cavity, interaction between infrared light and hypersound with the same wavelength scale became weak due to large acoustic attenuation whose coefficient is proportional to the square of the frequency. To alleviate the acoustic attenuation, it is necessary to use low-frequency sound with much longer wavelength than the infrared light, but the conventional phoxonic cavity is not suitable for confining such hypersound and infrared light simultaneously. In this study, we employ the concept of structural hierarchy into the phoxonic cavity to control infrared light and hypersound with different wavelength scales. A phoxonic cavity with two different scales achieves the acousto-optic interaction approximately 1.6 times that in the conventional one. To further enhance the interaction, we adjust geometrical constitution and material properties of the two-scale phoxonic cavity using quasi-static homogenization theory, leading to the interaction about 2.1 times that in the conventional cavity.
Revealing the global emission gaps for fully fluorinated greenhouse gases
Authors: Guo Liya , Fang Xuekun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn response to the global trend of climate change, it is important to accurately quantify emissions of fully fluorinated greenhouse gases (FFGHGs, referring to SF6/NF3/CF4/C2F6/C3F8/c-C4F8 here). Atmospheric observation-based top-down methods and activity-based bottom-up methods are usually used together to estimate FFGHG emissions at the global and regional levels. In this work, emission gaps at global and regional levels are discussed among top-down studies, between the top-down and bottom-up FFGHG emissions, and among bottom-up emissions. Generally, trends and magnitudes of individual FFGHG emissions among top-down estimates are close to each other within the uncertainties. However, global bottom-up inventories show discrepancies in FFGHG emissions among each other in trends and magnitudes. The differences in emission magnitudes are up to 93%, 90%, 88%, 83%, 87%, and 85% for SF6, NF3, CF4, C2F6, C3F8, and c-C4F8, respectively. Besides, we reveal the insufficient regional TD studies and the lack of atmospheric observation data/stations especially in areas with potential FFGHG emissions. We make recommendations regarding the best practices for improving our understanding of these emissions, including both top-down and bottom-up methods.