bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience with bilateral congenital atresia of the posterior nasal choanae
Authors: Prescott C. A. J. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryAtresia of the posterior nasal choanae is an unusual congenital condition. The embryological explanation is uncertain, that felt to be the most probable being presented here. Bilateral choanal atresia tends to be associated with neonatal airways obstruction and steps to be taken in its diagnosis and management are outlined. The definitive treatment of the condition is surgical excision, by either a trans-nasal or a trans-palatal approach. The conclusions arrived at as to the most effective method of management of these cases from a personal series of fourteen cases are detailed. A preference for the trans-nasal surgical approach is indicated and surgical details for this method are given, some aspects of which have not been previously reported.
Arterial embolization for control of bleeding in advanced head and neck carcinoma
Authors: Bhansali Sanjay , Wilner Harvey , Jacobs John R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThere are a number of patients with unresectable recurrent carcinoma of the head and neck who continue to lead a relatively functional life despite advanced local disease. For these patients bleeding from tumor represents a devastating complication that can abruptly terminate the course of an otherwise chronic disease, albeit a uniformly fatal one. The technique we describe renders a relatively safe and effective treatment that seems to control this problem.We report on our experience with three patients whose tumor bleeding was controlled by permanent intra-arterial embolization with Ivalon, a polyvinyl alcohol-based foam. The technique, indications, and complications are discussed.
Ceravital in ossiculoplasty: experimental studies and early clinical results
Authors: Blayney A. W. , Bebear J.-P. , Williams K. R. , Portmann M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe biocompatibility of the bioactive glass-ceramic Ceravital was investigated experimentally both in vivo and in vitro. In the former, ceramic discs were interposed in 30 rat middle ears for periods ranging from 6 weeks to 12 months. In the latter, Ceravital otological prosthesis were placed in human fibroblast culture.Reactions to the biomaterial were assessed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with chemical analysis facilities (EDAX, WDAX) and light microscopy.The interface reactions were similar in both in vivo and in vitro studies and confirmed the findings of other authors regarding the implants& biocompatibility and bioactivity. The technique of ion etching, however, enabled clear demonstration of this bioactivity on the implant surface, exposed merely to the middle-ear secretions, thus questioning the necessity of placing bone pate on the implant head at surgery, in order to encourage bioactive bonding with the overlying drum.A clinical trial of Ceravital in 128 patients with an average follow-up period of 2 years is reported. Forty per cent of these patients underwent a type II tympanoplasty, 60 per cent a type III. Though relatively short-term, the results to date have been encouraging: 88 per cent of the implants have been well-tolerated; 70 per cent of the cases have yielded a satisfactory hearing result; and only 3 per cent of the implanted prostheses have been extruded.
Rigid endoscopy in ENT practice
Authors: Wilson Janet A. , Murray J. A. M. , von Haacke N. P. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryA 10-year retrospective survey of 204 elective rigid oesophagoscopic examinations in the ENT unit of a District General Hospital is reported. One Hundred and Forty Five (71 per cent) were normal and there was marked preponderance of normal endoscopy in patients under 60 years old. Clinical examination was usually unhelpful but barium studies were found to complement oesophagoscopy in reaching a diagnosis. There were six complications of oesophagoscopy, two following normal examinations.
The use of a small fenestra technique with the Fisch piston in the surgical treatment of otosclerosis
Authors: Pedersen Christian Brahe 
Published: November 2007

SummaryThe modern surgical treatment of otosclerosis consists of replacement of the sound conducting function of the stapes by a prosthesis. The results obtained in 100 consecutive patients using the small fenestra technique and a 0.4 mm. Teflon and steel wire prosthesis are reported. The surgical technique is described. The hearing was improved in all patients. In 92 per cent of the patients an optimal hearing gain was found after an observation time of 1 to 4 years. Five patients required re-operation during the observation time. The small fenestra technique and the Fisch prosthesis were considered optimal in respect to technical difficulty, hearing improvement and complication rate. There was no sensorineural hearing loss in this series of patients. The absence of serious complications makes it reasonable to operate on both ears in patients with bilateral hearing loss. The results are as good in elderly people as in younger people. Therefore the operation can be offered for patients in all age groups.
Rediscovering the importance of nasal breathing in sleep or, shut your mouth and save your sleep
Authors: Lavie P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractRecent research, stimulated by the growing awareness of the sleep apnea syndrome, has shown that nasal breathing plays a major role in the regulation of respiration in sleep. These observations are not new; they confirm century-old clinical findings on the importance of nasal breathing in sleep. The earliest account of the deleterious effects of mouth breathing in sleep was made by Lemnious Levinus towards the end of the sixteenth century. Two hundred years later, Catlin dedicated an entire book to the superiority of nasal breathing over mouth breathing in sleep; and in the late 1800's, Cline, Wells, Griffin and others showed that obstructed nasal breathing causes sleep disorders.
Entering the pharynx in total laryngectomy
Authors: Wei W. I. , Lau W. F. , Lam K. H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn performing total laryngectomy for carcinoma of the larynx, the pharynx should be entered at sites away from the tumour. When the tumour is supraglottic in location, the entry should be through the lateral pharyngeal wall; and when the tumour is located in the postcricoid area, entry above the hyoid bone is preferred.
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis with dysphagia
Authors: Eviatar E. , Harell M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDysphagia due to cervical osteophytes is not common. However, diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) with cervical involvement which causes dysphagia is even rarer. The otolaryngologist is not generally familiar with this entity. The diagnosis can be made by plain cervical X-ray films, a barium swallowing esophagogram and or a CT scan of the neck. When doubt still exists, further extra-axial X-ray films can be helpful. Although most patients have been treated surgically, there may be a role for conservative therapy initially, as surgery in elderly DISH patients is often morbid and even fatal.A 79-year-old patient with DISH (Forestier's disease) is reported. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory therapy was successfully implemented. DISH is compared with other disorders of the cervical spine which may cause dysphagia.
Human endolymphatic sac: possible mechanisms of pressure regulation
Authors: Wackym Phillip Ashley , Friberg Ulla , Bagger-Sjöbäck Dan , Linthicum Fred H. , Friedmann Imrich , Rask-Andersen Helge 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe ultrastructure of the normal human endolymphatic sac (ES) has been observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The role of the epithelium, the various regions of the subepithelial space and the general anatomy of the ES in pressure regulation were morphologically studied to generate testable hypotheses of human ES function. Light microscopic (LM) and TEM evidence of pressure regulatory mechanisms by endolymph resorption, mechanical factors, and secretory activity are presented. These mechanisms may be useful in designing experimental studies of the ES, and in interpretation of retrospective LM and TEM studies of patients with Meniere's disease.
Soft tissue reaction to ceramic ossicular replacement prosthesis
Authors: Yamamoto Etsuo , Iwanaga Michitaka 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSoft-tissue reaction to ceramic ossicular replacement prostheses (CORP) has been evaluated histologically in rabbits and humans. One week after implantation, severe inflammatory and foreign body reaction was observed in the fibrous connective tissue surrounding the prosthesis. Though some inflammatory response was seen after one month, after three months the CORP was surrounded by a layer of fibrous connective tissue without any foreigh body giant cell, histiocyte or inflammatory cell infiltration. Our satisfactory clinical results in humans without placing a cartilage between the CORP and the fascia graft may be due to the excellent softtissue compatibility of CORP, as demonstrated in this study.
Necrotizing sialometaplasia of major salivary glands
Authors: Batsakis John G , Manning John T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMajor salivary glands have been rarely reported as sites of necrotizing sialometaplasia, a disease primarily affecting minor salivary tissue, particularly that of the palate. Eight cases of necrotizing sialometaplasia of the parotid and submandibular glands are presented and added to six reported earlier by Donath (1979). The clinical and pathologic findings in the 14 cases give strong support to the vascular-based-infarct genesis of necrotizing sialometaplasia.
Inflamed adenolymphoma with cholesterol granuloma
Authors: Bundgaard Niels , Eriksen Hakon Ellermann , Greisen Ole 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwelve cases of adenolymphoma with inflammation are described. Pre-operatively, three of these patients presented clinical signs of inflammation in the parotid gland. In ten cases purulent exudate could be aspirated from the tumour. Rupture of the cyst may cause an aseptic inflammation in the surrounding tissue. It is concluded that adult patients with clinical or cytological signs of inflammation in the parotid gland must be supervised until the gland is normal in order not to miss an underlying tumour.
Serum enzymes in head and neck cancer III
Authors: Lal Harbans , Munjal S. K. , Wig Umesh , Saini A. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSerum adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels were estimated in a group of 40 patients with head and neck cancer. The mean value was significantly higher in patients compared to controls. The increase was higher in cases of ulcerative growths than of proliferative growths, and activity was increased with advancement in the stage of the cancer. After radiotherapy, a gradual and significant decrease in serum ADA activity was observed.
The surgical management of childhood cholesteatoma
Authors: Sanna Mario , Zini Carlo , Gamoletti Roberto , Delogu Peppina , Russo Alessandra , Scandellari Roberta , Taibah Abdel 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe results of treatment of 124 cases of childhood cholesteatoma are reported in the present study and compared with an adult group of patients.Intact canal wall tympanoplasty was performed in over 90 per cent of cases in children and the procedure was staged in nearly 80 per cent of cases.The children had a 43.8 per cent incidence of residual cholesteatoma and an 8.8 per cent incidence of recurrent cholesteatoma in intact canal wall tympanoplasty cases.Intact canal wall tympanoplasty remains the technique of choice in our hands for the treatment of childhood cholesteatoma; pre-planned staging of the operation is mandatory for the detection and elimination of residual cholesteatoma which occurs more frequently in children.
Excision of benign larygeal lesions: comparison of carbon dioxide laser with conventional surgery
Authors: Robinson P. M. , Weir A. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwenty-six cases of patients presenting with benign laryngeal lesions treated by laser excision were compared with age and sex matched controls treated by conventional surgery. There was no statistically significant difference post-operatively between the groups in analgesic requirement, length of hospital stay, voice quality or laryngoscopic appearance.
Relief of pain and trismus in patients treated with naproxen or acetylsalicylic acid after tonsillectomy
Authors: Kristensen S. , Tveteraas K. , Hein P. , Poulsen H. B. , Outzen K. E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe pain-relieving efficacy of naproxen and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in tonsillectomized patients was compared in a double blind parallel clinical trial comprising 83 patients, among whom 42 were treated with naproxen and 41 with ASA. The patients were treated post-operatively for two days with either naproxen suppositories 500 mg. twice, or ASA effervescent tablets 1000 mg. three times, daily.The therapeutic gain was evaluated by recording the intensity of pain, reduced ability to open the mouth (trismus), consumption of supplementary analgesic (parcetamol), and pain-related sleep disturbances.The statistical analysis of the results revealed no differences in pain intensity, consumption of additional analgesics or pain-related sleep disturbances in the two treatment groups. A considerable degree of trismus was demonstrated in most of the tonsillectomized patients. This reduced ability to open the mouth was gradually overcome in the naproxen group while it remained unchanged in the ASA group, however, no statistical significant difference could be demonstrated. Additionally, no significant positive correlation between pain intensity and trismus was proven. The pain-relieving effect, however, was unsatisfactory in both the naproxen and the ASA group, and clinical controlled trial studies of alternative analgetics in tonsillectomized patients are still to be encouraged.
Angiolymphoid hyperplasia of the head and neck
Authors: Vallis R. C. , Davies D. Garfield 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAngiolymphoid hyperplasia is a rare benign condition affecting the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the head and neck. Superficial (intradermal) lesions frequently affect the external ear and such a case presenting to an otolaryngologist is described. Clinically the disease is characterized by single or multiple plum-coloured nodules or plaques which are often itchy and may bleed with mild trauma. Histologically the lesions are composed of proliferating capillary vessels associated with a heavy inflammatory infiltrate including eoosinophils and mast cells.The cause remains obscure. The lesions often persist for many years and may regress spontaneously. Several forms of treatment have been used, including cryosurgery, curettage and diathermy, radiotherapy and intralesional steroid injections. In this case the Argon laser was employed.
Lateral sinus pathology
Authors: Mathews T. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOne hundred and thirty patients with acute and acute on chronic mastoiditis were managed at Groote Schuur Hospital between 1980 and 1984. Twenty-two (16.9 percent) had pathology of the lateral (sigmoid) sinus and 19 of these patients had cholesteatomas. Nine patients (40.9 per cent) had concomitant intradural sepsis and there were two deaths.The modern literature is reviewed and the pathology, presentation and management of lateral sinus pathology is discussed. This condition is rare and clinical features may range from subtle signs to gross toxaemia, torticollis and evidence of septic embolization. The otolaryngologist must be competent in diagnosing and treating this condition in all forms of its wide spectrum of presentation.
Localization of salivary amylase and epithelial membrane antigen in salivary gland tumours by means of imunoperoxidase and immunogold-silver techniques
Authors: Egan M , Crocker J , Nar P 
Published: November 2007

SummaryA series of 87 salivary glands was examined using an immunogold-silver technique for salivary gland amylase (SGA) and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and an indirect immunoperoxidase technique for both antigens. The specimens comprised 21 pleomorphic adednomas, 3 monomorphic adenomas, 25 adenolymphomas, 5 mucoepidermoid carcinomas, 3 acinic cell tumours, 8 adenoid cystic carcinomas, 2 adenocarcinomas and 8 undifferentiated carcinomas. In addition 5 normal salivary glands and 6 salivary glands showing benign lymphoepithelial lesions were included.
Giant cementoblastoma simulating a peridental infection
Authors: Puterman M. , Fliss D. M. , Sidi J. , Zirkin H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of giant cementoblastoma of the maxilla in young female is reported. An unusual painful swelling of the gingivolabial area led to an initial misdiagnosis of a peridental infection and consequently to inappropriate trcatment.
Vocal cord paralysis as a presenting sign in the Shy-Drager syndrome
Authors: Martinovits Giora , Leventon George , Goldhammer Yochanan , Sadeh Menachem 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA 70-year-old patient with bilateral vocal cord paralysis, accompanied by inspiratory stridor and increased snoring, is presented. Respiratory dysfunction, deteriorating over 18 months, necessitated permanent tracheostomy. Only two and a half years after the onset of symptoms the patient developed extrapyramidal signs combined with severe autonomic failure, duggesting a diagnosis of Shy-Drager syndrome. Vocal cord palsy preceding any other neurological or autonomic manifestations of that syndrome has been infrequently described. This diagnosis should be considered in cases of vocal cord palsy of undetermined etiology, especially when associated with increased snoring or episodes of sleep apnea.
Acquired tracheo-oesophageal fistula (A case report)
Authors: Dev Arjun , Ghosh P , Deka R. C 
Published: November 2007

SummaryA case of acquired tracheo-oesophageal fistula in a 16-year-old boy, caused by a bullet wound, is presented. The fistula was located just below the cricoid cartilage and was successfully treated by excision of the fistula followed by enterposition of the sternomastoid muscle.
Idiopathic facial nerve palsy
Authors: Prescott C. A. J. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryEight hundred and seventy-nine patients with Bell's Palsy were seen over a 10-year period. There was a distinct female preponderance and the peak incidence occurred in the second to fourth decades. There did not appear to be an increased incidence of either hypertension or diabetes but there was a definite increased risk during pregnancy. Half of the patients had an incomplete palsy and they all recovered within a few weeks of onset. Those patients with complete palsy but without evidence of degeneration also all recovered but took longer to do so. If degeneration was evident the chance of recovery was only 50 per cent. Steroids did not appear to influence the outcome of Bell's Palsy.
Reopening of the closed nostril in atrophic rhinitis
Authors: Gadre Arun K. , Savant Renuka , Gadre K. C. , Bhargava K. B. , Juvekar R. V. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryClosure of the nostril in atrophic rhinitis is a simple operation. Opening the obturated nose by excising the obturator membrane very often causes stenosis. A new and effective method for opening the nostrils, by meant of flaps, is suggested.
The use of sputum-trap in the collection of antral washout specimen during antroscopy
Authors: Violaris N. S. , Bridger M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAntroscopy of the maxillary sinus has become an established and proven procedure in the diagnosis and treatment of sinus disease. Below we outline the use of the sputum-trap in the collection of antral washout specimens for microbiological culture during antroscopy.
Atypical histiocytic granuloma with eosinophilia
Authors: Ankjæergaard O. , Lawaetz K. D. , Andreassen U. K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAtypical histiocytic granuloma in the oral mucosa has recently been described as a benign non-neoplastic ulcero-proliferative lesion of histiocytic origin with eosinophilia. The disease is confined to the oral mucosa where the lesion is solitary. These lesions, which heal spontaneously, are not associated with systemic disease or dissemination.This report deals with such a case, and it stresses the benign nature of the lesion despite the worrying clinical and microscopic appearance.The morphological diagnosis was substantiated by the use of a series of immunohistochemical reactions.
Rhabdomyosarcoma of the middle ear and mastoid in children
Authors: Said H. , Phang K. S. , Razi A. , Khuzaiyah R. , Patawari P. H. , Esa R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThree cases of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in the middle ear and mastoid in children are presented. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology. A multidisciplinary approach employing surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy is the method of choice in the management of this rare and highly lethal condition.
Middle-ear damage caused by a defective portable headphone.
Authors: Arndal Helge , Bomholt Axel 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a case in which a defective portable headphone caused ablation of the malleus and removal of the drum.In addition to the warnings already given against the risk of noise-induced hearing loss, a warning should be given against the use of headphones of poor quality.Alternatively, headphones consisting of ear-plugs and electric wire without a metal holder should be recommended.
Ruthenium red staining of the endolymphatic sac in the guinea pig
Authors: Takumida Masaya , Bagger-Sjöbäck Dan , Rask-Andersen Helge 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe ultrastructure of the guinea pig endolymphatic sac was studied, using the ruthenium red staining technique. The dye stained the apical cell surface coat and the homogeneous substance in the luminal space of the endolymphatic sac, when introduced from the luminal side of the epithelium. It is suggested that the surface coat and homogeneous substance may play an important part in the endolymph regulatory mechanism in the endolymphatic sac. When ruthenium red was introduced from the subepithelial side, the basolateral surface of the epithelial cells usually became brightly stained in the absence of staining of the apical cell surface, due to the presence of the tight junctions. In some instances, however, the dye penetrated beyond the level of the tight junctions. Pinocytotic vesicles and larger vacuoles in the epithelial cells were also sometimes stained, both apically and near the lateral cell surface. These findings suggest that endolymph efflux mechanisms in the endolymphatic sac may involve the combined actions of a paracellular and transepithelial flow as well as a transcellular, vacuolar bulk flow.
Myringoplasty with three meatal flaps
Authors: Zaman K. , Borah K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA preliminary report on a technique of myringoplasty is presented with the idea of minimizing graft rejection, and to combat anterior blunting and lateralization of the graft. The grafts were generally stable and mobile. Out of 200 cases there was only a 2 per cent rate of graft rejection, with no evidence of anterior blunting or lateralization. The hearing improved considerably. The technique is simple and relatively quick.
Prognostic factors in labyrinthectomy
Authors: Willatt D. J. , Yung M. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLabyrinthectomy for unilateral Meniere's disease may be complicated by persistent unsteadiness post-operatively. The aim of this study is to identify the unfavourable factors in recovery following labyrinthectomy. Twenty-one patients gave a detailed history and underwent neuro-otological, opthalmic and cardiovascular examination, as well as psychological and psychiatric assessment. Sedentary occupations, external health locus of control, extraverted personality, and an anxious and/or depressed psychiatric state were associated with poor post-operative recovery. These factors therefore should be taken into consideration in the pre-operative assessment and post-operative rehabilitation of labyrinthectomy patients.