bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship of treatment preferences and experiences to outcome in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
Authors: Berg Adrienne Levy. , Sandahl Christer. , Clinton David. 
Published: April 2008

Objectives. The relationship of treatment preferences and experiences to outcome was explored in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).Design. Patients were randomly allocated to either affect‐focused body psychotherapy (ABP) (N=26) or standard psychiatric out‐patient treatment (N=17).Method. Initial preferences and subsequent experiences of treatment interventions were measured using a questionnaire focusing on support, inward reflection, concrete and directive problem solving, and affective expression. Outcome was assessed after 1 and 2 years in relation to symptom change.Results. ABP patients reported being helped by supportive and reflective treatment interventions to a greater extent than controls. ABP patients also had more positive experiences of supportive and emotionally expressive interventions than they had expected at initial assessment. When patients were divided into two groups on the basis of patterns of preferences and experiences using cluster analysis, it was found that differences in outcome were considerably more marked for clusters than treatment groups.Conclusions. It is concluded that treatment preferences may have considerable interpersonal potential in therapy; how therapists utilize this potential may be important for improving outcome.
Monomeric Calgranulins Measured by SELDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry and Calprotectin Measured by ELISA as Biomarkers in Arthritis
Authors: de Seny Dominique , Fillet Marianne , Ribbens Clio , Marée Raphaël , Meuwis Marie-Alice , Lutteri Laurence , Chapelle Jean-Paul , Wehenkel Louis , Louis Edouard , Merville Marie-Paule , Malaise Michel 
Published: April 2008

AbstractBackground: SELDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) is a high-throughput proteomic approach with potential for identifying novel forms of serum biomarkers of arthritis.Methods: We used SELDI-TOF MS to analyze serum samples from patients with various forms of inflammatory arthritis. Several protein profiles were collected on different Bio-Rad Laboratories ProteinChip arrays (CM10 and IMAC-Cu2+) and were evaluated statistically to select potential biomarkers.Results: SELDI-TOF MS analyses identified several calgranulin proteins [S100A8 (calgranulin A), S100A9 (calgranulin B), S100A9*, and S100A12 (calgranulin C)], serum amyloid A (SAA), SAA des-Arg (SAA-R), and SAA des-Arg/des-Ser (SAA-RS) as biomarkers and confirmed the results with other techniques, such as western blotting, immunoprecipitation, and nano-LC-MS/MS. The S100 proteins were all able to significantly differentiate samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) from those of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases used as an inflammatory control (IC) group, whereas the SAA, SAA-R, and SAA-RS proteins were not, with the exception of AS. The 4 S100 proteins were coproduced in all of the pathologies and were significantly correlated with the plasma calprotectin concentration; however, these S100 proteins were correlated with the SAA peak intensities only in the RA and IC patient groups. In RA, these S100 proteins (except for S100A12) were significantly correlated with the serum concentrations of C-reactive protein, matrix metalloproteinase 3, and anti–cyclic citrullinated peptide and with the Disease Activity Score (DAS28).Conclusions: The SELDI-TOF MS technology is a powerful approach for analyzing the status of monomeric, truncated, or posttranslationally modified forms of arthritis biomarkers, such as the S100A8, S100A9, S100A12, and SAA proteins. The fact that the SELDI-TOF MS data were correlated with results obtained with the classic calprotectin ELISA test supports the reliability of this new proteomic technique.
Design of Engineered Drainable Exterior Insulation and Finish System (EIFS) Cladding
Authors: Ruggiero Stephen S. , Rabazzi Annemarie L. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
During the last ten years, the authors have investigated a number of buildings with leakage and deterioration problems associated with exterior walls clad with exterior insulation and finish systems (EIFS). These systems were “barrier” walls applied to materials that degrade rapidly from exposure to moisture, such as gypsum board sheathing. These wall systems lacked backup waterproofing and flashing elements and relied on surface seals as the sole means of controlling water penetration (leakage). While these systems are appealing due to their aesthetic features, light weight and insulating characteristics, they are vulnerable to performance problems as a result of failed surface seals, leakage through window frame corners and poor installation practices. Installation of internal flashings is difficult at best because the primary waterproofing layer (the lamina) is on the face of the cladding rather than in the plane of the flashing. In this paper, the authors review the essential differences between barrier and drainable EIFS. The primary focus of the paper is to examine the various components of an engineered drainable EIFS including waterproofing membranes, drainage plane grids, methods of attachment, and consideration for use of a vapor retarder (position) within the wall cross section. Detailing of wall penetrations, particularly for windows and doors will be presented as will location of flashings and weep mechanisms in multi story construction. Design considerations will be illustrated in two case studies where barrier EIFS was replaced with an engineered drainable system, one in a relatively warm climate (southern California) and the other in a relatively cold climate (Massachusetts).
Application of Digital Marker Extensometry to Determine the True Stress-Strain Behavior of Irradiated Metals and Alloys
Authors: Gusev M. N. , Maksimkin O. P. , Osipov I. S. , Garner F. A. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
To study the mechanisms of deformation hardening and flow localization of radioactive materials, a noncontact “digital marker extensometry” technique has been employed. It allows researchers to easily define plasticity parameters and true stresses in experiments where highly radioactive miniature specimens are used. The engineering and “true stress-true local strain” relationships of irradiated metal polycrystals during plastic flow and hardening have been investigated experimentally after irradiation in two reactors in Kazakhstan. The true curves were obtained for copper, nickel, iron, molybdenum, as well as for the Russian stainless steels 08Cr16Ni11Mo3 and 12Cr18Ni10Ti. Describing these curves using the equation σi =σ0 + kεi demonstrates that the concept of ultimate stress in highly irradiated materials is an artifact arising from flow localization and is not fully informative of the operating hardening mechanisms.
A Unique Formulation of Glyphosate in the Acid Form
Authors: Volgas Gregory , Mack Robert E. , Roberts Johnnie , Wayland Mark , Alford Bobby 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum herbicide effective on deep-rooted perennial species and on annual and biennial species of grasses, sedges, and broadleaf weeds. The solubility of glyphosate acid is relatively low in water, 12 g/L (25°C). Since glyphosate is an acid, however, numerous water-soluble salts can be formed. Recently, formulations have been developed that avoid the need to make salts. Instead, the glyphosate is presented in the acid form. Unlike traditional glyphosate salt formulations, that need surfactants to enhance their uptake, the acid formulation of HM-2028 does not rely on reduced surface tension or other surfactant effects to provide excellent uptake and herbicide efficacy.
Modular, Portable, Reconfigurable, and Wireless Sensing System for the Aircraft Cabin
Authors: Loo Sin Ming , Owen Michael , Kiepert Josh , Planting Arlen 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
This paper describes the design and prototyping of a modular, portable, reconfigurable, and wireless multi-purpose sensor system for monitoring and recording environmental conditions in aircraft cabins. The objective of this small portable embedded sensing system is to record aircraft cabin conditions on flights of convenience to generate a large database for determination of normal conditions. By designing a sensor system that can be easily reconfigured for different needs (with the ability and flexibility to accommodate different/extra sensors), the system can be used to measure parameters that meet multiple research requirements. Through design considerations such as generalized signal interface and hierarchical code structure that can be easily reworked for new sensors, this sensor system has been developed for optimum usefulness in aircraft environment research. In the current setup, the system is configured with temperature, humidity, sound level, carbon dioxide, and pressure sensors. The system has been calibrated in the laboratory without the use of a pressure chamber. Data from ten flights are presented in this paper.
CD117-Positive Cells in Adult Human Heart Are Localized in the Subepicardium, and Their Activation Is Associated with Laminin-1 and α6 Integrin Expression
Authors: Castaldo Clotilde , Di Meglio Franca , Nurzynska Daria , Romano Gianpaolo , Maiello Ciro , Bancone Ciro , Müller Patrick , Böhm Michael , Cotrufo Maurizio , Montagnani Stefania 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
CD117-positive cells contributing to cardiac cell turnover in normal and pathological conditions have recently been described in adult human heart. Since the precise spatial and temporal expression of extracellular matrix proteins and their receptors is critical for organ formation, we compared the distribution of cardiac primitive CD117-positive cells in the human adult normal and pathological hearts with ischemic cardiomyopathy, with respect to localization and expression of laminin and integrin isoforms. In the pathological hearts, CD117-positive cells were significantly more numerous than in the normal hearts. They were localized mainly in the atria and were up to 38-fold more numerous in the subepicardium than in the myocardium. Compared with normal hearts, most CD117-positive cells in the subepicardium of pathological hearts were α6 integrin-positive. Laminin-1, typical of developing heart, was found predominantly in the subepicardium of adult heart. Immunoblotting revealed its highest expression in the normal atrium and pathological left ventricle. Both laminin isoforms reduced apoptosis and increased proliferation and migration of CD117-positive cells in vitro with respect to control, but the effects of laminin-1 significantly outweighed those of laminin-2. Signaling mediated by α6 integrin was implicated in the migration and protection from apoptosis, as documented by transfection with specific small interfering RNA. These data reveal that the increase in the number of cardiac CD117-positive cells and the expression of laminin-1 are observed in ischemic cardiomyopathy. Subepicardial localization of CD117-positive cells and expression of laminin-1 and α6 integrin subunits may all correspond to the activation of regeneration involving an epithelial-mesenchymal transition recently described in adult heart.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
α-Chemokines Regulate Proliferation, Neurogenesis, and Dopaminergic Differentiation of Ventral Midbrain Precursors and Neurospheres
Authors: Edman Linda C. , Mira Helena , Erices Alejandro , Malmersjö Seth , Andersson Emma , Uhlén Per , Arenas Ernest 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests that α-chemokines serve several important functions in the nervous system, including regulation of neuroimmune responses, neurotransmission, neuronal survival, and central nervous system development. In this study, we first examined the function of two α-chemokines, chemokine ligand (CXCL) 6 and CXCL8, and their receptors, CXCR1 and CXCR2, in the developing rat ventral midbrain (VM). We found that CXCR2 and CXCL6 are regulated during VM development and that CXCL6 promotes the differentiation of nurr77-related receptor (Nurr1)+ precursors into dopaminergic (DA) neurons in vitro. Intriguingly, CXCL8, a ligand expressed only in Homo sapiens, enhanced progenitor cell division, neurogenesis, and tyrosine hydroxylase-positive (TH+) cell number in rodent precursor and neurosphere cultures. CXCL1, the murine ortholog of CXCL8, was developmentally regulated in the VM and exhibited activities similar but not identical to those of CXCL8. TH+ cells derived from chemokine-treated VM neurospheres coexpressed Nurr1 and VMAT and were functionally active, as shown by calcium (Ca2+) fluxes in response to AMPA. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that CXCL1, CXCL6, and CXCL8 increase the number of DA neurons in VM precursor and neurosphere cultures by diverse mechanisms. Thus, α-chemokines may find an application in the preparation of cells for drug development or Parkinson's disease cell replacement therapy.Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Downregulation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5 (STAT5) in CD34+ Cells Promotes Megakaryocytic Development, Whereas Activation of STAT5 Drives Erythropoiesis
Authors: Olthof Sandra G. , Fatrai Szabolcs , Drayer A. Lyndsay , Tyl Monika R. , Vellenga Edo , Schuringa Jan Jacob 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Although it has been proposed that the common myeloid progenitor gives rise to granulocyte/monocyte progenitors and megakaryocyte/erythroid progenitors (MEP), little is known about molecular switches that determine whether MEPs develop into either erythrocytes or megakaryocytes. We used the thrombopoietin receptor c-Mpl, as well as the megakaryocytic marker CD41, to optimize progenitor sorting procedures to further subfractionate the MEP (CD34+CD110+CD45RA−) into erythroid progenitors (CD34+CD110+CD45RA−CD41−) and megakaryocytic progenitors (CD34+CD110+CD45RA−CD41+) from peripheral blood. We have identified signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) as a critical denominator that determined lineage commitment between erythroid and megakaryocytic cell fates. Depletion of STAT5 from CD34+ cells by a lentiviral RNAi approach in the presence of thrombopoietin and stem cell factor resulted in an increase in megakaryocytic progenitors (CFU-Mk), whereas erythroid progenitors (BFU-E) were decreased. Furthermore, an increase in cells expressing megakaryocytic markers CD41 and CD42b was observed in STAT5 RNAi cells, as was an increase in the percentage of polyploid cells. Reversely, overexpression of activated STAT5A(1*6) mutants severely impaired megakaryocyte development and induced a robust erythroid differentiation. Microarray and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed changes in expression of a number of genes, including GATA1, which was downmodulated by STAT5 RNAi and upregulated by activated STAT5.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Impairment of Granulo-Monocytic Development of Human Common Myeloid Progenitors but Not of Granulo-Monocytic Progenitors by Decreasing Stem Cell Leukemia/T-Cell Acute Leukemia 1 Expression
Authors: Brunet de la Grange Philippe , Zink Estelle , Armstrong Florence , Rouyez Marie-Christine , Pflumio Françoise 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
We recently showed that Stem Cell Leukemia/T-cell Acute Leukemia 1 (SCL/TAL1) regulates hematopoiesis from hematopoietic stem cells to committed myeloid progenitors compartment. However, in this heterogeneous compartment, the precise role of TAL1, that is largely debated, remains to be clearly defined, notably at the common myeloid progenitor (CMP) and granulo-monocytic progenitor (GMP) levels. Using small hairpin (sh)RNA lentiviral constructs, we decreased TAL1 expression in sorted human CMP and GMP subpopulations that were then assayed for erythroid and granulo-monocytic (GM) differentiation. Decreased TAL1 expression in CMP resulted in rare erythroid colonies, in a 2–3 fold reduction of GM colony number in clonogenic assays and in a 3.6–5.6 decreased production of CD14+CD15+ GM cells in liquid culture. Moreover, analysis of transcript profile of gene involved in GM differentiation showed that GM cells expressing shRNA-TAL1 construct displayed decreased levels of g-csfr, c/ebpα, and mpo and high levels of gata-2 transcripts, indicating a blocking of GM differentiation. In contrast, GM differentiation of GMP remained unaffected when TAL1 transcript levels were decreased. These data definitively delineate the human myeloid progenitors that are regulated by TAL1.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Molecular Signature of Cardiomyocyte Clusters Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Authors: Synnergren Jane , Åkesson Karolina , Dahlenborg Kerstin , Vidarsson Hilmar , Améen Caroline , Steel Daniella , Lindahl Anders , Olsson Björn , Sartipy Peter 
Published: April 2008

AbstractHuman embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can differentiate in vitro into spontaneously contracting cardiomyocytes (CMs). These cells may prove extremely useful for various applications in basic research, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine. To fully use the potential of the cells, they need to be extensively characterized, and the regulatory mechanisms that control hESC differentiation toward the cardiac lineage need to be better defined. In this study, we used microarrays to analyze, for the first time, the global gene expression profile of isolated hESC-derived CM clusters. By comparing the clusters with undifferentiated hESCs and using stringent selection criteria, we identified 530 upregulated and 40 downregulated genes in the contracting clusters. To further characterize the family of upregulated genes in the hESC-derived CM clusters, the genes were classified according to their Gene Ontology annotation. The results indicate that the hESC-derived CM clusters display high similarities, on a molecular level, to human heart tissue. Moreover, using the family of upregulated genes, we created protein interaction maps that revealed topological characteristics. We also searched for cellular pathways among the upregulated genes in the hESC-derived CM clusters and identified eight significantly upregulated pathways. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the expression of a subset of the genes identified by the microarrays. Taken together, the results presented here provide a molecular signature of hESC-derived CM clusters and further our understanding of the biological processes that are active in these cells.Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Lentiviral-Transduced Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Persistently Express Therapeutic Levels of Enzyme in a Xenotransplantation Model of Human Disease
Authors: Meyerrose Todd E. , Roberts Marie , Ohlemiller Kevin K. , Vogler Carole A. , Wirthlin Louisa , Nolta Jan A. , Sands Mark S. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising platform for cell- and gene-based treatment of inherited and acquired disorders. We recently showed that human MSCs distribute widely in a murine xenotransplantation model. In the current study, we have determined the distribution, persistence, and ability of lentivirally transduced human MSCs to express therapeutic levels of enzyme in a xenotransplantation model of human disease (nonobese diabetic severe combined immunodeficient mucopolysaccharidosis type VII [NOD-SCID MPSVII]). Primary human bone marrow-derived MSCs were transduced ex vivo with a lentiviral vector expressing either enhanced green fluorescent protein or the lysosomal enzyme β-glucuronidase (MSCs-GUSB). Lentiviral transduction did not affect any in vitro parameters of MSC function or potency. One million cells from each population were transplanted intraperitoneally into separate groups of neonatal NOD-SCID MPSVII mice. Transduced MSCs persisted in the animals that underwent transplantation, and comparable numbers of donor MSCs were detected at 2 and 4 months after transplantation in multiple organs. MSCs-GUSB expressed therapeutic levels of protein in the recipients, raising circulating serum levels of GUSB to nearly 40% of normal. This level of circulating enzyme was sufficient to normalize the secondary elevation of other lysosomal enzymes and reduce lysosomal distention in several tissues. In addition, at least one physiologic marker of disease, retinal function, was normalized following transplantation of MSCs-GUSB. These data provide evidence that transduced human MSCs retain their normal trafficking ability in vivo and persist for at least 4 months, delivering therapeutic levels of protein in an authentic xenotransplantation model of human disease.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
IFATS Collection: The Role of Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells in Inflammatory Microvascular Remodeling and Evidence of a Perivascular Phenotype
Authors: Amos Peter J. , Shang Hulan , Bailey Alexander M. , Taylor Alyssa , Katz Adam J. , Peirce Shayn M. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
A growing body of literature suggests that human adipose-derived stromal cells (hASCs) possess developmental plasticity both in vitro and in vivo, and might represent a viable cell source for therapeutic angiogenesis and tissue engineering. We investigate their phenotypic similarity to perivascular cell types, ability to contribute to in vivo microvascular remodeling, and ability to modulate vascular stability. We evaluated hASC surface expression of vascular and stem/progenitor cell markers in vitro, as well as any effects of platelet-derived growth factor B chain (PDGF-BB) and vascular endothelial growth factor 165 on in vitro hASC migration. To ascertain in vivo behavior of hASCs in an angiogenic environment, hASCs were isolated, expanded in culture, labeled with a fluorescent marker, and injected into adult nude rat mesenteries that were stimulated to undergo microvascular remodeling. Ten, 30, and 60 days after injection, tissues from anesthetized animals were harvested and processed with immunohistochemical techniques to determine hASC quantity, positional fate in relation to microvessels, and expression of endothelial and perivascular cell markers. After 60 days, 29% of hASCs exhibited perivascular morphologies compared with 11% of injected human lung fibroblasts. hASCs exhibiting perivascular morphologies also expressed markers characteristic of vascular pericytes: smooth muscle α-actin (10%) and neuron-glia antigen 2 (8%). In tissues treated with hASCs, vascular density was significantly increased over age-matched controls lacking hASCs. This study demonstrates that hASCs express pericyte lineage markers in vivo and in vitro, exhibit increased migration in response to PDGF-BB in vitro, exhibit perivascular morphology when injected in vivo, and contribute to increases in microvascular density during angiogenesis by migrating toward vessels.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.