bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Full-Dose Gemcitabine With Concurrent Radiation Therapy in Patients With Nonmetastatic Pancreatic Cancer: A Multicenter Phase II Trial
Authors: Small William , Berlin Jordan , Freedman Gary M. , Lawrence Theodore , Talamonti Mark S. , Mulcahy Mary F. , Chakravarthy A. Bapsi , Konski Andre A. , Zalupski Mark M. , Philip Philip A. , Kinsella Timothy J. , Merchant Nipun B. , Hoffman John P. , Benson Al B. , Nicol Steven , Xu Rong M. , Gill John F. , McGinn Cornelius J. 
Published: February 2008

PurposeGemcitabine is effective in the treatment of pancreatic cancer and is a potent radiosensitizer. This study assessed safety and efficacy of full-dose gemcitabine administered before and during concurrent three-dimensional conformal radiation (3D-CRT) in patients with nonmetastatic pancreatic cancer.Patients and MethodsDuring cycles 1 and 3, patients received gemcitabine at 1,000 mg/m2on days 1 and 8 of each 21-day cycle. Cycle 2 included the same dose of gemcitabine on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle with concurrent 3D-CRT at 36 Gy, administered in 15 fractions of 2.4 Gy, over 3 weeks. Resectable patients underwent surgery 4 to 6 weeks after treatment. The primary objective was evaluation of toxicity. Tumor response, CA 19-9, and 1-year survival were also assessed.ResultsForty-one patients enrolled at six institutions between April 2002 and October 2003. Among the 39 treated patients, the most common toxicities were grade 3 neutropenia (12.8%), grade 3 nausea (10.3%), and grade 3 vomiting (10.3%). The response rate was 5.1% and disease control rate was 84.6%. Mean post-treatment CA 19-9 levels (228 ± 347 U/mL) were significantly (P = .006) reduced compared with pretreatment levels (1,241 ± 2,124 U/mL). Thirteen (81%) of 16 patients initially judged resectable, three (33%) of nine borderline-resectable patients, and one (7%) of 14 unresectable patients underwent resection after therapy. One-year survival rates were 73% for all patients, 94% for resectable patients, 76% for borderline-resectable patients, and 47% for unresectable patients.ConclusionFull-dose gemcitabine with concurrent radiotherapy was well tolerated and active. Evaluation of this regimen in a larger, randomized trial for patients with resectable or borderline-resectable disease may be warranted.
Sentinel Node Dissection Is Safe in the Treatment of Early-Stage Vulvar Cancer
Authors: Van der Zee Ate G.J. , Oonk Maaike H. , De Hullu Joanne A. , Ansink Anca C. , Vergote Ignace , Verheijen René H. , Maggioni Angelo , Gaarenstroom Katja N. , Baldwin Peter J. , Van Dorst Eleonore B. , Van der Velden Jacobus , Hermans Ralph H. , van der Putten Hans , Drouin Pierre , Schneider Achim , Sluiter Wim J. 
Published: February 2008

Purpose To investigate the safety and clinical utility of the sentinel node procedure in early-stage vulvar cancer patients. Patients and Methods A multicenter observational study on sentinel node detection using radioactive tracer and blue dye was performed in patients with T1/2 (< 4 cm) squamous cell cancer of the vulva. When the sentinel node was found to be negative at pathologic ultrastaging, inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy was omitted, and the patient was observed with follow-up for 2 years at intervals of every 2 months. Stopping rules were defined for the occurrence of groin recurrences. Results From March 2000 until June 2006, a sentinel node procedure was performed in 623 groins of 403 assessable patients. In 259 patients with unifocal vulvar disease and a negative sentinel node (median follow-up time, 35 months), six groin recurrences were diagnosed (2.3%; 95% CI, 0.6% to 5%), and 3-year survival rate was 97% (95% CI, 91% to 99%). Short-term morbidity was decreased in patients after sentinel node dissection only when compared with patients with a positive sentinel node who underwent inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy (wound breakdown in groin: 11.7% v 34.0%, respectively; P < .0001; and cellulitis: 4.5% v 21.3%, respectively; P < .0001). Long-term morbidity also was less frequently observed after removal of only the sentinel node compared with sentinel node removal and inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy (recurrent erysipelas: 0.4% v 16.2%, respectively; P < .0001; and lymphedema of the legs: 1.9% v 25.2%, respectively; P < .0001). Conclusion In early-stage vulvar cancer patients with a negative sentinel node, the groin recurrence rate is low, survival is excellent, and treatment-related morbidity is minimal. We suggest that sentinel node dissection, performed by a quality-controlled multidisciplinary team, should be part of the standard treatment in selected patients with early-stage vulvar cancer.
Dissociation between the Insulin-Sensitizing Effect of Rosiglitazone and Its Effect on Hepatic and Intestinal Lipoprotein Production
Authors: Duez Hélène , Lamarche Benoît , Uffelman Kristine D. , Valéro René , Szeto Linda , Lemieux Simone , Cohn Jeffrey S. , Lewis Gary F. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractContext: Despite its potent, well-documented insulin-sensitizing effects, rosiglitazone (RSG) does not effectively ameliorate the hypertriglyceridemia of insulin-resistant or diabetic individuals and has even been shown to slightly but significantly increase triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) in some studies. The mechanism of this effect is currently not known.Objective: We investigated the effect of RSG treatment on TRL metabolism.Design: This was a 12-wk, single-sequence, cross-over study of rosiglitazone vs. placebo for 6 wk.Participants: Participants included 17 nondiabetic men with a broad range of insulin sensitivity.Intervention: Intervention included rosiglitazone 8 mg/d vs. placebo for 6 wk.Main Outcome Measure: TRL metabolism (concentration, production and catabolic rates) was assessed in a constant fed state with a 12-h primed constant infusion of [D3]l-leucine and multicompartmental modeling.Results: RSG treatment resulted in significant insulin sensitization with no change in body weight. Fasting plasma triglyceride (TG) concentration, however, was higher with RSG vs. placebo (P = 0.0006), as were fasting and fed TRL-TG, TRL-apoB-48, and TRL-apoB-100 (fed TRL-apoB-48: 0.93 ± 0.08 vs. 0.76 ± 0.07 mg/dl, P =0.017, and fed TRL-apoB-100: 15.57 ± 0.90 vs. 13.71 ± 1.27 mg/dl, P = 0.029). This small but significant increase in plasma TRL concentration was explained by a tendency for RSG to increase TRL production and reduce particle clearance, as indicated by the significantly increased production to clearance ratios for both apoB-48-containing (0.43 ± 0.03 vs. 0.34 ± 0.03, P = 0.048) and apoB-100-containing (7.0 ± 0.4 vs. 6.2 ± 0.6, P = 0.029) TRL.Conclusion: These data indicate dissociation between the insulin-sensitizing effects of RSG and absence of anticipated reductions in production rates of apoB-100- and apoB-48-containing-TRL particles, which may explain the absence of TG lowering seen in humans treated with this agent.
The Impact of Risk Factors and More Stringent Diagnostic Criteria of Gestational Diabetes on Outcomes in Central European Women
Authors: Kautzky-Willer A. , Bancher-Todesca D. , Weitgasser R. , Prikoszovich T. , Steiner H. , Shnawa N. , Schernthaner G. , Birnbacher R. , Schneider B. , Marth Ch. , Roden M. , Lechleitner M. 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Objectives: In the face of the ongoing discussion on the criteria for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes (GDM), we aimed to examine whether the criteria of the Fourth International Workshop Conference of GDM (WC) select women and children at risk better than the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.
Design and Setting: This was a prospective longitudinal open study in five tertiary care centers in Austria.
Patients and Outcome Measures: The impact of risk factors, different thresholds (WC vs. WHO), and numbers of abnormal glucose values (WC) during the 2-h, 75-g oral glucose tolerance test on fetal/neonatal complications and maternal postpartum glucose tolerance was studied in 1466 pregnant women. Women were treated if at least one value according to the WC (GDM-WC1) was met or exceeded.
Results: Forty-six percent of all women had GDM-WC1, whereas 29% had GDM-WHO, and 21% of all women had two or three abnormal values according to WC criteria (GDM-WC2). Eighty-five percent of the GDM-WHO were also identified by GDM-WC1. Previous GDM [odds ratio (OR) 2.9], glucosuria (OR 2.4), preconceptual overweight/obesity (OR 2.3), age 30 yr or older (OR 1.9), and large-for-gestational age (LGA) fetus (OR 1.8) were the best independent predictors of the occurrence of GDM. Previous GDM (OR 4.4) and overweight/obesity (OR 4.0) also independently predicted diabetes postpartum. GDM-WC1 had a higher rate of obstetrical complications (LGA neonates, neonatal hypoglycemia, cesarean sections; P &lt; 0.001) and impaired postpartum glucose tolerance (P &lt; 0.0001) than GDM-WHO.
Conclusion: These results suggest the use of more stringent WC criteria for the diagnosis of GDM with the initiation of therapy in case of one fasting or stimulated abnormal glucose value because these criteria detected more LGA neonates with hypoglycemia and mothers with impaired postpartum glucose metabolism than the WHO criteria.
Increased Androgen Response to Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Administration in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Wachs Deborah S. , Coffler Mickey S. , Malcom Pamela J. , Shimasaki Shunichi , Chang R. Jeffrey 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Context: In women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), excess ovarian androgen production is driven by increased LH secretion. Studies conducted in animals suggest that the granulosa cell may influence LH-stimulated theca cell androgen production.
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether FSH enhances androgen production in women with PCOS compared with that of normal women.
Design: A prospective study was conducted to compare androgen production in response to FSH in two groups of women.
Setting: The study was conducted in a General Clinical Research Center in a tertiary academic medical center.
Patients: Women with PCOS, 18–35 yr (n = 20), and normal ovulatory controls, 18–35 yr (n = 10), were recruited for study.
Interventions: Serial blood samples were obtained over a 24-h period after an iv injection of recombinant human FSH (150 IU).
Main Outcome Measures: The main outcome measures were serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), androstenedione (A), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), testosterone (T), and inhibin B (Inh B) responses after FSH administration.
Results: Basal serum 17-OHP, A, and T levels were markedly increased in women with PCOS compared with that observed in normal women. Basal DHEA and Inh B levels were similar to those of normal controls. After FSH injection, PCOS women demonstrated enhanced production of 17-OHP, A, DHEA, and Inh B, whereas in normal women no increases were observed. T levels declined slightly in both groups.
Conclusions: These findings provide evidence that, in PCOS women, theca cell androgen production is enhanced by FSH administration and suggest a granulosa-theca cell paracrine mechanism.
Patient responses to an integrated service, initiated by community pharmacists, for the prevention of osteoporosis
Authors: Crockett Judith A , Taylor Susan J , McLeod Lynette J 
Published: February 2008

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to develop, implement and evaluate an integrated service provided by pharmacists to consumers based on the results of a risk-assessment survey carried out by the pharmacist and testing of bone mineral density (BMD) by a radiographer. It also investigated whether measurement of BMD in the pharmacy increased the effectiveness of the service and pharmacist referral in terms of adherence to advice and uptake of referral compared with the same service offered without BMD testing.

Setting
Community pharmacists in urban and rural settings in New South Wales, Australia, delivered the service.

Method
The adherence to advice or referral given by 12 community pharmacists during 2003 to 217 participants about the prevention of osteoporosis following screening with either a BMD test plus risk-assessment questionnaire or a risk-assessment questionnaire only was compared.

Key findings
No significant between-group differences in adherence to advice or referral were found. However, participants valued the BMD service significantly more highly than the non-BMD service as measured by satisfaction scores.

Conclusions
Consumers were interested in receiving information about osteoporosis and their own risk of it and even greater interest in BMD testing in the pharmacy. There was no difference in uptake of referral or advice following either questionnaire only or questionnaire plus BMD testing. Low uptake of referral and advice overall by those deemed to be at high risk is of concern. Far greater education and encouragement for consumers to follow through is required.
The adoption of dispensing technology: an occasion for restructuring hospital pharmacy work
Authors: Oborn Eivor , Barrett Michael 
Published: February 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo understand the ways in which hospital dispensary work is being restructured following the implementation of dispensing technology. We examine the evolving role of pharmacists, technicians and assistants in their use of the technology.SettingThe implementation of dispensing robots in two hospital dispensaries in a metropolitan region of the UK were examined over a 2-year period.MethodA qualitative case-study design was used. Non-participant observation, interviews and organisational documentary sources were the primary data sources. Analysis of first-order themes identified common issues. Drawing on literature within organisational studies, second-order themes were developed iteratively.Key findingsPharmacists render the dispensary less dependent on their physical presence by inscribing key dispensary practices into the robot, enabling them to move into more cognitive work roles. Technicians quickly adapt to the new dispensing process, gaining technical skills and competences through training on the robot and daily maintenance. This modernises the role of technicians and improves their visibility in the dispensary and within the pharmacy profession. Assistants become users of technology and become increasingly dependent on others for technical support. They lose autonomy as their work becomes more interdependent. The robot takes on the role as a team member, christened with a name, and referred to in anthropomorphising terms.ConclusionDispensary workers and managing pharmacists should go beyond viewing the adoption of new technology at a functional level of efficiency and error rates. Rather, the findings highlight the changing nature of tasks and roles that are evolving with the restructuring of dispensing work. These need to be considered by those managing change processes associated with the implementation of these technologies, as they are shaped by workers' perception of the technology in use.
Efficient Synthesis of 1-Tetralones from 4-Arylbutyric Acids by Combined Use of Solid Acid Catalysts and Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Hiroki Kazuaki , Hatori Makiko , Yamashita Hiroshi , Sugiyama Jun-ichi 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Solid acid catalysts such as H–Beta zeolites effectively promote dehydrative intramolecular cyclization of 4-arylbutyric acids under microwave irradiation to give 1-tetralone derivatives in high yields.
Analysis on Excitation of Molecules with Ih Symmetry: Frozen Orbital Analysis and General Rules
Authors: Baba Takeshi , Imamura Yutaka , Okamoto Munehiko , Nakai Hiromi 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
A frozen-orbital analysis (FZOA) that has been proposed in order to analyze excitation between degenerate orbitals is applied to molecules with Ih symmetry such as (B12H12)2− and C60. In the FZOA approach, the ordering and the energy splittings of the excited states involving degenerate orbitals can be understood through a simple and intuitive picture. FZOA results for molecules with Ih symmetry also reveal that two general rules hold: (i) The highest transition among transitions between degenerate orbitals is dipole-allowed; (ii) The excitation energy of the highest transition is larger than those of the other transitions.
A Facile Non-hydrothermal Fabrication of Uniform α-MoO3 Nanowires in High Yield
Authors: Qi Banghua , Ni Xiaomin , Li Dongguo , Zheng Huagui 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Uniform α-MoO3 nanowires with the diameter of 60–100 nm and the length of 10–40 μm were fabricated in high yield through a facile non-hydrothermal method. The fabrication process involved acidifying an ethylenediamine solution of molybdenum acid and subsequent calcinating treatment without any hydrothermal procedures. Ethylenediamine was found to play a crucial role for the formation of α-MoO3 nanowires under the present conditions. Thus-prepared α-MoO3 nanowires as supercapacitors exhibited much larger capacitance and better cyclicity than the conventional particulate counterpart.
Walking with wolves: displaying the holding pattern
Authors: Barth Theodor , Raein Maziar 
Published: February 2008

I have kept a diary since I was 14. Additionally, about 10 years ago I started a business diary (this was one of my two good business ideas). The handwritten text throughout the book comes out of that. (Stefan Sagmeister, in Sagmeister Made You Look (2001))
Of
the many research papers generated in the area of design, surprisingly few have paid much attention to design thinking. This article represents an unusual collaboration between an anthropologist and a designer. This proved fruitful in revealing issues that neither researcher had previously
encountered. By looking more deeply into the distinctive process of design thinking that Schn (1985) called reflection-in-action they developed the idea of the holding pattern. This refers to the tactical way in which many designers juggle with different types of design thinking in the medium
time-scale, whilst holding on to, engaging with, and transferring possible new ideas.
In a rapidly changing world, educators need to cultivate design sensibilities that will enable future designers to operate in a more thoughtful and critical way. The article considers the holding pattern
and its effect on the nature of design practice, and its implications for design education. We have chosen to explore the work of the designer Stefan Sagmeister as a case study. Our strongly participative approach to research works well when there is a heterogeneous blend of material. In this
case, the material we explored included texts, visual material and soundtracks. By looking at the working life of Sagmeister through his career choices, strategies and designs, we were better able to grasp the way the holding pattern works.
Arcus Tangens. Essay zu einem textuellen Phänomen bei Kleist und Celan
Authors: Hainz Martin A 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Arcus tangens refers to a textual problem: texts are suspended between sameness and difference, for they are reborn in the act of reading and become thus different from themselves. Textuality is provocation and its partially pre-shaped reaction. These characteristics constitute some kind of a bow (arcus), as in Heinrich von Kleist's remarks on architecture, or in Peter Waterhouse's translations of Michael Hamburger's poetry. Kleist points out that a vault sustains itself, for all of its bricks tend (or even want) to fall: to remove a single brick means to destroy tension that is the vault.
Gedächtnis, Schrift, “Musica impura”. Ingeborg Bachmanns Lieder von einer Insel
Authors: Miglio Camilla 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Ingeborg Bachmann's poetic cycle “Lieder von einer Insel” is based on her sentimental encounter with the composer Hans-Werner Henze in Ischia (1953), as well as on experience of a landscape in which wind, sea, and volcano bring together the Ancient Greek and Christian cultural traditions. Using Roland Barthes's “Fragments d'un discours amoureux” about the possibility of speaking of love ex-negativo (from the point of view of a loss), and Bachmann's phrase “Es gibt in der Kunst keinen Fortschritt in der Horizontale, sondern nur das immer neue Aufreissen einer Vertikale”, the “Lieder” can be read as a cultural palimpsest expressed in a polyphony of voices: Bachmann constructed the cycle as a musical score. The cultural, personal, and universal experiences of love; death, loss, aorgic plenitude, and destruction; hope in a radical but impossible rebirth – all these oxymora are represented by an encounter of poetic and musical principles. The synchronicity of memory levels and the renunciation of pure sound turn this poetic composition into a “musica impura”.
Ungarinnen im Schweizer Exil. Drei Annäherungen
Authors: Zimmer David 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Writers may perceive exile, even if they merely inherit it, either as burdening or enriching, as a loss of their native culture or as a chance to receive new artistic inspirations. The condition of exile may, consequently, be converted differently into literary form, as the work of three female writers of Hungarian origin living in Switzerland shows. Agota Kristof never got over the loss of her mother tongue, whereas Zsuzsanna Gahse and Christina Viragh succeeded in converting their – inherited – exile into a new, postmodernist identity.
A reformulation of the moderating effects of productive humor
Authors: Lehman Kerri M , Burke Kevin L , Martin Randall , Sultan Jennifer , Czech Daniel R 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
The ability to effectively cope with stress has been demonstrated to be an important factor in warding off potential physical disease and psychological distress. Responses to stressful events have been shown to greatly vary across individuals. Research has shown that intervening variables, such as cognitive appraisals of stressful events, can markedly affect the amount of stress (e.g., mood disturbance, anxiety, changes in neurotransmitter concentrations, suppression of immune system functioning) individuals experience. One such intervening variable, productive humor, was hypothesized to have a positive stress-moderating effect.
Four different experimental conditions were used to assess the impact of a stressful situation on mood and anxiety state. Two conditions had subjects produce a humorous narrative in response to the stressful situation. One of these conditions included an instructional video on the use of productive humor. A third condition had subjects produce an intellectual narrative, while a fourth condition had subjects produce no narrative. The humorous narrative conditions were hypothesized to lead to the greatest moderation in stress (i.e., mood and anxiety).
In the humorous narrative (without training) condition, subjects who were more successful at producing the narratives showed significantly more moderated changes in mood and anxiety levels pre-task to post-task. These changes were not significantly different from the intellectual or no narrative conditions. The significant difference found between high versus low humorous narrative producers may be accounted for in terms of success versus non-success at completing the experimental task.
Finally, among subjects with initially high pre-task mood or anxiety levels and high tendencies to use productive humor, successful performance of some type of a verbal, cognitive task (i.e., humorous or intellectual narrative) was found to be more beneficial in moderating the effects of stress versus silence. These latter findings were based on patterns of results from post hoc analyses with small sample sizes, thus suggesting the need for future research along similar lines.