bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dielectric Behavior of Hydrated Crystals. IV. Cupric Formate Tetrahydrate, Cu(HCO2)2·4H2O
Authors: Kiriyama (née Ibamoto) Hideko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The dielectric properties of single crystals of cupric formate tetrahydrate have been investigated over the range 30c./sec. to 10 Mc./sec. from the liquid nitrogen temperature to the dehydration point, 46°C. This crystal undergoes a phase transition at –36°C, indicated by a sudden change in the dielectric properties. Above the transition point, large dielectric dispersion and absorptions are present when the applied electric field is along the crystallographic a- and b-axes, whereas along the normal to (0 0 1) plane, the variations in permittivity and the loss factor with temperature and frequency are quite small.
The results for the radio frequency absorption can be explained on the basis of a molecular mechanism involving the axial reorientation of two water dipoles in the formula unit of Cu(HCO2)2·4H2O. The energy barrier H(kcal./mol.) and the frequency factor A(sec−1) associated with the dipole orientation have been obtained as follows : along the a-axis A=1×1011, H=6.7; along the b-axis A=8×109, H=4.5; and in the direction normal to (0 0 1) A=7×1010, H=6.3.
A further absorption at much lower frequencies is remarkable only in the a-axis direction. The observed high dielectric loss suggests the possibility of proton transfer in the hydrogen-bonded chains found in this crystal structure.
High-Kinetic Energy Fragment Ions from Aliphatic Hydrocarbons under Electron Impact. I. Measurement and High-Kinetic Energy Methyl Ions from 1,3-Butadiene
Authors: Tsuchiya Toshikazu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
With a conventional analytical mass spectrometer and without any additional electrodes, fragment ions produced with excess kinetic energies by electron impact can be detected and studied quantitatively. Mainly methyl KE ions in the spectra of seven hydrocarbons have been measured. A comparison of the results on methyl ions in four hydrocarbons with reported values showed a satisfactory consistency.
An appreciable part of the m/e 15 rearrangement ions of 1,3-butadiene had excess kinetic energies. The mechanism of the formation of the ions has been proposed which assumes a transfer of the hydrogen atom from a second carbon atom of the molecule to the first carbon atom followed by the recoil of the resulting two groups of atoms. The study of the KE ions in the spectra of the ethylene molecule from the standpoint of the H-M assumption shows that the mechanism of the formation of various KE ions is complicated and deserves more detailed study.
The Color of Liquid Caustic Soda Produced by the Ammonia-Soda Process
Authors: Awaya Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
It is found that the coloring of caustic liquor produced by the ammonia-soda process is due to chromate in the milk of lime given to the sodium carbonate solution for causticization. But the solid caustic soda, even produced by the ammonia-soda process, contains a little chromate. The coloring of caustic liquor by chromate is found in products of all ammonia process makers in Japan.
The existence of chromate not only gives the yellow color to the product, but also has an undesirable effect on viscose production in the rayon industry.
Yellow-colored caustic liquor can be discolored by the addition of the reducing reagent. Refining by anion exchange resin is also effective, but there is a risk of the corrosion of the resin by the caustic liquor. As the chromate was identified in the caustic liquor, it was concluded that the abnormal wave of the polarogram caustic liquor was probably due to the hydrolysis current.
By measuring the absorbancy of caustic liquor at the wavelength of 370 mμ, the chromate content can be nearly exactly determined.
As much limestone contains a considerable impurities, it is not desirable to use the milk of lime for the purification of the brine in the electrolytic-soda process also.
On Glumamycin, a New Antibiotic. III. Fatty Acid, a Constituent of the Antibiotic
Authors: Inoue Michitaka 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Investigation was made of the ether soluble part of glumamycin hydrolysate. After this oily substance was purified by distillation, the distillate corresponded to unsaturated fatty acid, having an epimerical formula C13H24O2.
This unsaturated fatty acid was optically active and by oxidation with ozone gave an optically active saturated fatty acid C10H20O2 and malonic acid C3H4O4. Therefore, the fatty acid constituted glumamycin corresponding to 3-isotridecenoic acid.
The Secondary-emission Electron Multiplier Tube Used on a Mass Spectrometer and its Amplification of Ion Currents
Authors: Sugiura Toshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
For the purpose of measuring very small ion currents by the mass spectrometer, a secondary electron multiplier, using the dynodes of copper-beryllium, has been constructed and installed. The amplification by the electron multiplier of various supplied voltages to the conversion dynode was measured for inert gas ions, and the amplification factor and its variation with the supplied voltage to the conversion dynode was compared with both the activated and the electro-polished dynode. For the electron multiplier using the electro-polished dynodes, the amplification was roughly inversely proportional to the square root of the ion mass, while for the activated dynode this was not the case. The average yield of the secondary electrons impacted by electrons on the copper-beryllium dynodes was determined, using the values of γi which had been estimated by extrapolation of the data obtained in a previous study. The increase of the amplification factors of the electron multiplier due to the dynode activation was explained on the basis of an increase in γi and \barδ due to dynode activation, an increase to be attributed to the formation of beryllium oxide layers. In this study, an amplification factor of a 105 order for inert gas ions has been obtained with the electron multiplier constructed with dynodes made from activated copper-beryllium. By using this electron multiplier, ion currents of 10 −19 amperes are easily detectable with a mass spectrometer using a conventional D. C. amplifier.
The Kinetics of the Formation of Calcium Carbide in a Solid-Solid Reaction
Authors: Tagawa Hiroaki , Sugawara Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The kinetics of the formation of calcium carbide in the solid state reaction of calcium oxide with carbon has been examined by using a thermobalance in the temperature range 1600 to 1800°C and at 50, 100 and 200 mmHg of carbon monoxide. The reaction ratio vs. time curves were parabolic in all experimental runs, and the reaction followed parabolic kinetics: (1−3\sqrt1−x)2=kt. On the other hand, the decomposition of calcium carbide as a successive reaction occurred from the specimen surface and was described as a zero-order reaction. As the reaction velocity depended strongly on the pressure of carbon monoxide, it is considered that the reaction rate is governed by the diffusion process of gas through the product layer, as well as that of solids into the solid and product layer.
The Decomposition of Methyl N-Nitroso-p-acetamidobenz[14C]oate in Benzene. The Determination of the Products by the Isotopic Dilution Method
Authors: Inukai Takashi , Kimura Kenjiro , Simamura Osamu , Suehiro Tadashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Methyl N-nitroso-p-acetamidobenz [14C] oate was decomposed in benzene, and the product was analyzed by the isotopic dilution method. The results are shown in Table I, and the mechanistic implication is discussed.
Studies of 2-Oxazolidinones. I. A Convenient Synthesis of 3-Substituted 2-Oxazolidinones
Authors: Oda Ryohei , Miyanoki Masahiko , Okano Masaya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A convenient synthesis of 3-substituted 2-oxazolidinones starting from three components–aliphatic or aromatic amines, phosgene and ethylene chlorohydrin–has been developed.
Proton Magnetic Resonance of Ammonia-Borane Derivatives
Authors: Ohashi Osamu , Kurita Yukio , Totani Tetsushi , Watanabe Haruyuki , Nakagawa Toshio , Kubo Masaji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The proton magnetic resonance spectra of triethylborane, trimethylamine-triethylborane, triethylamine-triethylborane, trimethylamine-trichloroborane and triethylamine-trichloroborane were recorded at room temperature using an NMR spectrometer operating at 40 Mc. The assignments of observed signals were made and the chemical shifts and spin coupling constants were evaluated. The extent of electron transfer from nitrogen to boron in ammonia-boranes is slightly greater than that in borazoles.
Reduction of Pyrones with Complex Metal Hydrides
Authors: Yamada Kiyoyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Reduction using complex metal hydrides was carried out on monocyclic α-pyrones and benzo-γ-pyrone. It was established that generally the hydrogenolysis of the 1,6-linkage of an α-pyrone ring occurred. In benzo-γ-pyrone, carbon-carbon double bond and ketone were reduced. The effects of the substituents on the reactivity of α-pyrone were discussed.
Studies on Mixture Dyeing. I. The Kinetics of the Mixture of Benzopurpurine 4B and Sky Blue 6B
Authors: Sekido Minoru , Morita Zenzo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The single and mixture dyeing of Benzopurpurine 4B (C. I. 23500) and Sky Blue 6B (C. I. 24410) were examined kinetically.
2. The diffusion coefficient of each dye decreased with a decrease in the surface concentration. The apparent activation energy of diffusion at a constant surface concentration was evaluated.
3. In mixture dyeing, the dye distributions in the substrate were considerably different from that in the single dyeing, but there was good agreement between the dye distributions experimentally determined and those theoretically calculated in terms of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes.
4. The interaction between two dyes in the substrate increased with an increase in the sodium chloride concentration in the dye bath and with a decrease in the temperature.
Catalytic Activities of Copper-nickel Alloys for Hydrogenating Reactions
Authors: Takeuchi Toyosaburo , Sakaguchi Masakazu , Miyoshi Ikkei , Takabatake Takeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The hydrogenation of ethylene and benzene on two series of copper-nickel alloys, i. e., massive alloys prepared physically and granular alloys prepared chemically, was carried out in order to determine the cause of the disagreement of the catalytic activities which have been found in these alloys. The adsorption of hydrogen on granular alloys was also examined to learn the heat of adsorption and the amount adsorbed; the results were compared with the activities of the alloys.
The activities of massive alloys may be interpreted by the Dowden theory, but those of granular alloys could not. The activities of granular alloys were interpreted in connection with the concentration of nickel at the surface, which can be considered to be different from that in the interior. It was concluded that the amount of hydrogen adsorbed, the heat of adsorption, and the catalytic activity of granular alloy are related to the concentration of nickel at the surface.
Syntheses of Chelating Agents. I. Stability of the Metal Chelate of Benzylamine-N, N-diacetic Acid and its Nitro Derivatives
Authors: Ando Takeshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The acid dissociation constants of benzylamine-N, N-diacetic acid, and the stability constants of its chelates with Cu(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), Zn(II), Co(II), Ca(II) and Mg(II) at 25°C and 0.1 ionic strength, have been determined by the pH titration method.
2. o- and p-Nitrobenzylamine-N, N-diacetic acid have been newly synthesized from the corresponding benzylamine.
3. The acid dissociation constants of the above two ligands, and the stability constants of its chelates with Ca(II) and Mg(II), have been determined at 25°C and 0.1 ionic strength.
Concentration and Temperature Profiles in a Tubular Reactor for Methanol Synthesis with an Outer-wall of Uniform Temperature. I. Profiles in a Reactor without a Heat Exchanger in a Catalyst Bed
Authors: Uchida Hiroshi , Ogino Yoshisada , Oba Masaaki , Shimomura Kinya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
On the basis of the experimental concentration and temperature profiles for one of the synthesis runs, the experimental rate curve has been drawn on a chart in which lines of constant conversion with reaction rates are given as ordinates and temperatures as abscissa. In a step by step calculation of the temperature profiles from the experimental profiles by the use of a set of analytical solutions of the heat balance equation, which includes the respective constant reaction heat terms given by the step by step distribution plot, the heat transfer coefficients are conveniently chosen to match the calculated profiles with the experimental ones. Taking the heat transfer efficiencies thus obtained into consideration, a comparison of the experimental rate curve with the maximum rate curve on the afore-mentioned chart discloses that, for attaining an efficient performance of the reactor, not only should the heat transfer referred to the outer tube surface be improved, but also the temperature rise in the catalyst bed should be controlled by a suitable means.
Investigation of Chemisorption by Desorption Rate Measurement; CO2 on ZnO and NiO; CO on NiO
Authors: Kubokawa Yutaka , Toyama Osamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
As an extension of previous work, the study of chemisorption by desorption rate measurement was carried out for carbon dioxide adsorbed on zinc oxide and nickel oxide, and also for carbon monoxide adsorbed on nickel oxide. For the chemisorption of carbon dioxide, the activation energy of the desorption was increased with the decreasing amount adsorbed from 16 to 40 kcal./mol. on zinc oxide and from 7 to 30 kcal./mol. on nickel oxide. In the case of the chemisorption of carbon monoxide, where the two types of chemisorption are seemingly operating, the activation energy of the desorption for the reversible type ranged from 5 to 18 kcal./mol. A method of distinguishing these two types of chemisorption from the behavior on desorption has been proposed, for it has been found that there are two types of chemisorption for the carbon dioxide-zinc oxide system. From the effect of oxygen treatment at high temperatures on the chemisorption, it was concluded that the effect of the surface barrier, emphasized by Hauffe and others, seems to be only of secondary importance in the above system.
The Determinations of Some Metal Ions by Using Hexamminecobalt(III) Chloride and Sodium Thiosulfate as Precipitants
Authors: Yoshimura Jun , Takashima Yoshimasa , Murakami Yoshio , Kusaba Toyoaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) When hexamminecobalt(III) chloride and sodium thiosulfate solutions were mixed, a precipitate was formed; the composition of this salt was found to be
[Co(NH3)6](S2O3)Cl·H2O
2) In addition to copper and lead, silver, cadium, mercury and bismuth were precipitated, forming insoluble metal complexes, by adding hexamminecobalt(III) chloride and sodium thiosulfate sloutions as precipitants to the solutions of these salts, except for bismuth salt, were found to be
[Co(NH3)6][Ag(S2O3)2],
[Co(NH3)6]4[Cd(S2O3)3]3·6H2O and
[Co(NH3)6]4[Hg(S2O3)3]3·10H2O
3) Various determination methods based on the formation of metal complexes were studied; that is, silver was studied by volumetrically measuring the excess of sodium thiosulfate with an iodine solution, copper and mercury, by gravimetrically weighing by EDTA titration after their complex salts had been decomposed.
The Mutual Interaction between Solutes in Gas Chromatography
Authors: Amaya Kazuo , Sasaki Kazuko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The influence of the mutual interaction between the molecules of different components in the sample on the retention volume of each component has been discussed from the standpoint of a strictly regular solution. The retention volume of each component in the mixture either increases or decreases, compared with that in the single component samples, according to the kinds of sample and of stationary phase liquid.
Electronic States of p-Benzoquinone. VIII. Vibrational Analysis of the Vapor Absorption Spectrum around 2900 Å
Authors: Sadô Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The absorption spectrum of p-benzoquinone vapor was observed at 2900 Å region and the vibrational analysis was carried out. Two absorption groups were found. The bands in group 1 are sharp and single, but the nature of the transition is uncertain. Group 2 is composed of a doublet whose frequency separation is 45 cm−1. It corresponds to the 1B1g←1Ag transition and is allowed by vibronic interaction with the allowed 1Bi2g←Ag transition. The perturbing vibration is a C=O bending vibration belonging to the b3u species whose frequency is 370 cm−1 in the ground state. The vibration frequencies of the main progression are 444 cm−1and 435, 692 and 1560 cm−1 in the ground and excited electronic states respectively.
Radiation Induced Reaction of Silicon Hydride
Authors: Ando Wataru , Oae Shigeru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Silane, at various pressures, has been irradiated with 3.8 kilocuries gamma rays. In all experiments, gaseous products of the reaction were hydrogen, disilane and higher silanes, while G-value for the formation of hydrogen depends on initial silane pressure and total dose. Some polymeric material with the approximate empirical formula of (SiH2)x is also formed.
Mixtures of silane with carbon dioxide, water and acetylene were also irradiated with gamma rays, and the rate of hydrogen formation was found to increase with increasing carbon dioxide and water. This was explained by a charge transfer mechanism.
Spectroscopic Studies of Methylamine Adsorption on Gamma-alumina
Authors: Hirota Kozo , Fueki Kenji , Sakai Tokuji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
It can be confirmed directly by means of NMR and infrared spectra that methylamine is chemisorbed on dehydrated gamma-alumina at room temperature, making a bond probably with the aluminum atom via the nitrogen atom; this conclusion is supported by the fact that the proton signal of the aminyl group cannot be observed at such a surface coverage when that of the methyl group is observed, and the fact that the deformation band of the NH2 group and the stretching band of CH3 group change as a result of adsorption.
Dye-sensitized Photopolymerization of Vinyl Compounds. Polymerization of Acrylonitrile by Stannous Chloride and Acriflavine. II
Authors: Watanabe Ai 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The photosensitized polymerization of AN in DMF by acriflavine and stannous chloride in vacuo was investigated. The reaction rate was shown as: ν∝[D]1⁄2[SnCl2] [M]2, where [D] and [SnCl2] were small. The experiments performed examining the photobleaching of dyestuff in various conditions led to the finding that the photopolymerization does not occur by virtue of the transiently-reduced dye. The scheme proposed in Part I, in which the transient tin ion of odd valency (Sn3+ and/or Sn+) initiates the polymerization by interacting with the monomer, was further substantiated.
The Kinetics of Substitution Reactions Involving Metal Complexes. V. Reaction between Copper(II) and Ethylenediaminetetraacetatocadmate(II) Complexes in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Tanaka Nobuyuki , Kamada Minoru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The kinetic study of the substitution reaction of copper(II) and ethylenediaminetetraacetatocadmate(II) complexes in acetate buffer solutions has been carried out by the same method as reported previously. The reaction was found, under the experimental conditions, to proceed simultaneously through four different reaction paths, and the rate constants for the elementary reactions of those reaction paths were determined at ionic strength 0.2 at 5 and 15°C. It was confirmed also that this substitution reaction proceed through both hydrated ion and monoacetato complex.
Photosensitized Oxidation of Leuco-uranine and the Identification of the Photobleached Product of Uranine in Ethanol Solution
Authors: Uchida Kengo , Kato Shunji , Koizumi Masao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Leuco-uranine was prepared by reducing uranine with sodium amalgam, and some of its properties were investigated. The aqueous solution of leuco-uranine is stable in the presence of air irrespective of its low oxidationreduction potential.
It was found that leuco-uranine is photooxidized to uranine by the use of acridine and some dyes as sensitizers. The reaction may be attributed to the dissolved oxygen and is very reasonable. A quite unexpected result was, however, that a similar reaction takes place more rapidly and more quantitatively in the degassed solution than in the aerated solution. The uranine and acridine employed as sensitizers in this case were ascertained not to sustain any change. The nature of the reaction is not known at the present time.
It was further established that the photobleached product obtained by irradiating the deaerated ethanol solution of xanthene dyes, consists mainly of leuco dye. This was ascertained by comparing their absorption spectra, by the photosensitized coloration, acridine being used as a sensitizer, and, in addition, by means of paper chromatography.
Semiconductivities and Charge Transfer Spectra of Solid Molecular Complexes of 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene
Authors: Kuroda Haruo , Yoshihara Keitaro , Akamatu Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A series of solid complexes of aromatic hydrocarbons and amines, with 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene as the common electron acceptor, were prepared. These complexes were of the loose molecular complex type, and the charge transfer bands were observed with the solid complexes, which showed only small red-shifts from the corresponding bands of the solutions. These solid complexes are poor semiconductors, and the energy gap for the excitation to the conduction state is relatively large, and is nearly coincident with the energy for the charge transfer excitation. From these results, it has been suggested that the charge transfer state in the crystal may not be very different from the corresponding state in the isolated (1 : 1)-complex in the solution. The relation between the charge transfer state and the conduction state has been discussed, and a probable model for the formation of a charge carrier has been suggested.
Dielectric Properties of Monohalogenobenzenes in the Microwave Region
Authors: Okabayashi Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The dielectric constants and the loss factors of liquid monohalogenobenzenes were measured in the microwave region by the free wave method and the waveguide method. The experimental results were discussed on the basis of the formula of the local field previously proposed. In the cases of liquid monohalogenobenzenes, the experimental facts can be explained by a single relaxation time.
A Simple Molecular Orbital Method for Discussing the Electronic Structures of Stereoisomers—The Theoretical Method and ESR Hyper fine Splittings of the Terephthalaldehyde Anion
Authors: Morokuma Keiji , Yonezawa Teijiro , Fukui Kenichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A new simple molecular orbital method with parameters modified by electronic interactions was developed so as to discuss simply the difference in electron distributions between stereoisomers. An application was made to the proton hyperfine coupling constants of the cis- and trans-isomers of the terephthalaldehyde anion radical, and the assignment of the constants was proposed on the basis of molecular orbital calculations.