bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the structure vs. property relationship for Flax/silk/epoxy hygromorph composites
Authors: Kerche Eduardo Fischer , Ornaghi Heitor L. , Neves Roberta M. , Agnol Lucas Dall , Lazzari Lídia Kunz 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this study, available data was used aiming to modeling the hygrotherm behavior and deeply discuss the hygrothermal behavior of Flax/silk/epoxy composites. In the former study, a programmable and reconfigurable hygrothermal morphing composite with multifunctional shape transformation was studied. The authors studied the following configurations (not all was used for all tests): [90]8, [01907], [02906], and[03905] in different relative humidity (RH) contents (9%, 30%, 44%, 75%, 85%, and 100%). In this new approach, a focus in structure vs. property relationship was given aiming to contribute to the original study. Vapor water absorption, hygroscopic expansion, mass diffusion, and mechanical properties were discussed in terms of direction of the fibers, temperature, and humidity content for different composite configurations. The vapor water absorption increased with the transversal reinforcement, and RH more significantly compared to the longitudinal direction. During storage at an specific RH, flax fibers swelled at different ratios larger than the matrix. Besides, we proved that the properties can be managed by a severe control of fibers’ direction, temperature, and humidity in the moisture-responsive composite materials.
Impact of cinnamaldehyde thiosemicarbazone on the corrosion of mild steel in an acidic medium
Authors: Choudhary Varsha , Dua Sachin , Arora Nishtha , Saxena R C , Prakashaiah B G , Senthilkumar T , Singh Mansi Mani , Khan Tuhin Suvra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The present work highlights the impact of cinnamaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (CT) as a corrosion inhibitor (CI) on the deterioration of mild steel (MS) in 1M and 15% HCl. The synthesis of CT was accomplished with the help of cinnamaldehyde and thiosemicarbazide using Schiff-base chemistry, and the product's structure was verified by 1H-NMR and IR spectroscopy. The anti-corrosion performance of CT was performed on the MS using gravimetric methods, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and potentiodynamic polarization studies (PDP). The experimental results of the CT molecule's adsorption on an MS surface in 1M and 15% HCl align with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The gravimetric analysis confirmed that the developed CT exhibited 95.02% (using 1mM of CT) and 96.65% (using 4mM of CT) corrosion inhibition efficiency (IE) in 1M and 15% aqueous HCl at 303K, respectively. But at 343K, in 1M and 15% HCl, the anti-corrosion performance of CT on MS was reduced to 86.74% and 92.50%, respectively.
A Centrality Metrics Approach to Analyzing Temporal Spread Patterns of Misinformation in Social Networks
Authors: Duzen Zafer , Riveni Mirela , Aktas Mehmet S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study examines misinformation in social networks with well-known network science metrics. We utilize an already available dataset to analyze tweets related to COVID-19 vaccinations. The methodology we use in this study includes the creation of separate networks for retweets, replies, and mentions. We utilized various centrality metrics to assess the importance of individual tweets such as centrality metrics that primarily consider the network’s topology and connectivity, taking into account factors such as the number of connections, the importance of connections , information flow, and indirect influences. One of our objectives is to determine the length of time that tweets linked to unreliable sources exist within a network through reactions. The empirical results of our study reveal a noteworthy association: tweets that have longer durations tend to be posted by influential accounts within the network, in contrast to tweets that have shorter durations and demonstrate reduced influence. Our study contributes to the advancement of our understanding of the dynamics of misinformation spread, by our results regarding misinforma-tion persistence within social networks. Our observations show potential for informing approaches designed to address misinformation and disin-formation, especially in the setting of public health emergencies like as the current COVID-19 outbreak.
DRIPNet: Decoupled Region of Interest Pooling Feature Network Based on Diffusion Model for UAV Small Object Detection
Authors: Wang Xiao , Zhu Haijiang , Li Zhiqing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Small object detection has always been one of the most challenging tasks in the computer vision. Up to now, a prior bounding box is often applied to Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) image object detection. However, anchors need to be pre-set and not optimal for training data in many object detection algorithms. In 2022, the Diffusion Model was introduced in object detection method, in which the random boxes are employed. Inspired by this approach and the characteristics of UAV images, we find the great potential of diffusion models in UAV image detection and propose a more reasonable Decoupled Region of Interest Pooling Feature Diffusion Network. First of all, a more rational decoupled region of interest pooling(DRIP) feature extraction module has been designed, which decouples the feature extraction process between different scales, to make full use of the features at each level of the pyramid. Our approach eliminates the negative effects of unreasonable bounding box assignments, thereby enhancing the overall performance. Secondly, we propose a high-resolution scale-varying robust backbone(HSRB), where we architect the convolution module in the backbone using atrous convolution with switchable atrous rates and Pixel-Shuffle upsampling to mitigate the negative effects of scale variation and downsampling. Finally,loss functions with normalized Wasserstein distance (NWD) terms are applied, NWD is led into measuring the similarity between the prediction box and the ground truth box. The purpose is to eliminate the influence of positional sensitivity on the matching between the predicted box and the ground truth box.The optimal results of 27.91% mAP on the VisDrone dataset and 8.42% mAP on the TinyPerson dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Magnitude of undiagnosed and inadequately treated hypertension among stroke patients at the teaching hospital in Ethiopia
Authors: Sitotaw Alazar , Arega Balew , Solela Gashaw , Dagne Kefyalew , Zeleke Amanuel , Abebe Yosef , Mamo Dawit , Chala Getachew , Damtie Banchiaymolu , Mehari Yididya , Endazena Getabalew 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Globally, increased blood pressure accounts for almost two-thirds of strokes, with the majority of them caused by undiagnosed, untreated, or insufficiently managed hypertension. Undiagnosed hypertension is frequent in Ethiopia, however, its magnitude among stroke remains investigated. We aimed to determine the magnitude of undiagnosed and inadequately treated Hypertension among Stroke patients in Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College.
Methods
This is an institutional cross-sectional study using hospitalized stroke patients' medical data from February 1, 2021, to August 6, 2023. Data was collected using a standardized abstraction sheet using the Kobo collect tool. We analyzed data using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze most of the data at 95% CI.
Result
W included a total of 523 stroke patients a mean age (SD) was 61.34 ± 16.82 years and nearly half, 263 (50.3%) were males. More than two-thirds, 344 (65.8%) of the patients had ischemic stroke and 156 (29.8%) had an intra-cerebral hemorrhage. The prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension was 79 (15.1%). Nearly half, 271(51.2%) had a hypertension history with 33.6% of them having poor adherence to their medication and 24.4% didn’t start anti-hypertensive medication. In-hospital mortality in this study was 90 (17.2%). Being male was found independently associated with undiagnosed hypertension among stroke patients (AOR,1.72 (1.05,2.82), P = 0.03)
Conclusions
Inadequately treated and undiagnosed hypertension is found high among stroke patients. This indicates an urgent need to screen and promptly diagnose hypertension and educate undiagnosed and poorly controlled hypertensive patients with an emphasis on follow-up and adherence to antihypertensive medications.
Linkage Mapping and Discovery of Candidate Genes for Drought Tolerance in Rice During the Vegetative Growth Period
Authors: Jiao Aixia , Chen Li , Ma Xiaoding , Ma Jing , Cui Di , Han Bing , Sun Jianchang , Han Longzhi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Drought is a major abiotic stress affecting crop yields. Mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and mining genes for drought resistance in rice are important for identifying gene functions and targets for molecular breeding. Here, we performed linkage analysis of drought resistance using a recombinant inbred line population derived from Jileng 1 (drought sensitive) and Milyang 23 (drought resistant). An ultra-high-density genetic map, previously constructed by our research team using genotype data from whole-genome sequencing, was used in combination with phenotypic data for rice grown under drought stress conditions in the field in 2017–2019. Thirty-nine QTLs related to leaf rolling index and leaf withering degree were identified, and QTLs were found on all chromosomes except chromosomes 6, 10, and 11. qLWD4-1 was detected after 32 days and 46 days of drought stress in 2017 and explained 7.07–8.19% of the phenotypic variation. Two loci, qLRI2-2 and qLWD4-2, were identified after 29, 42, and 57 days of drought stress in 2018. These loci explained 10.59–17.04% and 5.14–5.71% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. There were 281 genes within the QTL interval. Through gene functional annotation and expression analysis, two candidate genes, Os04g0574600 and OsCHR731, were found. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of these genes were significantly higher under drought stress than under normal conditions, indicating positive regulation. Notably, Os04g0574600 was a newly discovered drought tolerance gene. Haplotype analysis showed that the RIL population carried two haplotypes (Hap1 and Hap2) of both genes. Lines carrying Hap2 exhibited significantly or extremely stronger drought resistance than those carrying Hap1, indicating that Hap2 is an excellent haplotype. Among rice germplasm resources, there were two and three haplotypes of Os04g0574600 and OsCHR731, respectively. A high proportion of local rice resources in Sichuan, Yunnan, Anhui, Guangdong and Fujian provinces had Hap of both genes. In wild rice, 50% of accessions contained Hap1 of Os04g0574600 and 50% carried Hap4; 13.51%, 59.46% and 27.03% of wild rice accessions contained Hap1, Hap2, and Hap3, respectively. Hap2 of Os04g0574600 was found in more indica rice resources than in japonica rice. Therefore, Hap2 has more potential for utilization in future drought tolerance breeding of japonica rice.
Ubiquitous genome streamlined Acidobacteriota in freshwater environments
Authors: Wong Hon Lun , Bulzu Paul-Adrian , Ghai Rohit , Chiriac Maria-Cecilia , Salcher Michaela Maria 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Acidobacteriota are abundant in soil, peatlands and sediments, but there are so far only a few studies on those in freshwater environments. Genome streamlined bacteria have reduced genomes as an evolutionary process to adapt to oligotrophic environments such as oceans and lakes. UBA12189, an Acidobacteriota genus under the family Holophagaceae, is an uncultivated lineage with ultra-small genome size found in aquatic environments. So far, no detailed genomic analyses were done on this genome streamlined lineage. Here, we analyzed 66 MAGs of UBA12189 (metagenome assembled genomes; including 2 complete genomes) from freshwater lakes and rivers in Europe, North America and Asia, which is the first genome streamlined Acidobacteriota reported.
Results
UBA12189 have extremely small genome sizes (< 1.4Mbp), low GC content and a highly diverse pangenome. In freshwater lakes, this bacterial lineage is abundant from the surface waters (epilimnion) down to 300 meters depth (hypolimnion). UBA12189 appears to be free-living from CARD-FISH analysis, and there is no concrete evidence of host association. Comparative genome analysis shows that compared to other genome streamlined bacteria such as Nanopelagicales and Methylopumilus, genome reduction has caused UBA12189 to have a more limited metabolic repertoire in carbon, sulfur and nitrogen metabolisms, as well as a higher degree of auxotrophy to various amino acids, vitamins and reduced sulfur. UBA12189 also have very limited numbers of membrane transporters. Interestingly, UBA12189 has a higher proportion of unannotated genes (10% – 14%) and a diverse pangenome, suggesting an unknown trove of metabolic potential for environmental adaptation. Despite having reduced genomes, UBA12189 encodes proteorhodopsin, cbb3-type cytochrome c oxidases and complete biosynthesis pathways for heme, vitamin K2 and vitamin B2 (riboflavin). These genes may give a selective advantage during the genome streamlining process. We propose a new genus ‘Ca. Acidiparvus’ within the family Holophagaceae, with two new species named ‘A. lacustris’ and ‘A. fluvialis’. Acidiparvus is the first described genome streamlined lineage under the phylum Acidobacteriota, which is a free-living, slow-growing scavenger in freshwater environments.
Conclusion
This study explores the ecology and genomics of yet another genome streamlined freshwater bacterium. With limited metabolic repertoires and no co-occurring microorganisms observed, future studies on cultivated Acidiparvus are crucial. Metagenomics studies alone cannot identify non-canonical metabolic pathways, especially considering high numbers of unannotated genes in Acidiparvus.
Revolutionizing Neurological Disorder Treatment: Integrating Innovations in
Pharmaceutical Interventions and Advanced Therapeutic Technologies
Authors: Arora Rimpi , Baldi Ashish 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Neurological disorders impose a significant burden on individuals, leading to disabilities and a reduced
quality of life. However, recent years have witnessed remarkable advancements in pharmaceutical interventions
aimed at treating these disorders. This review article aims to provide an overview of the latest innovations
and breakthroughs in neurological disorder treatment, with a specific focus on key therapeutic areas such
as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, and stroke. This review explores
emerging trends in drug development, including the identification of novel therapeutic targets, the development
of innovative drug delivery systems, and the application of personalized medicine approaches. Furthermore,
it highlights the integration of advanced therapeutic technologies such as gene therapy, optogenetics,
and neurostimulation techniques. These technologies hold promise for precise modulation of neural circuits,
restoration of neuronal function, and even disease modification. While these advancements offer hopeful
prospects for more effective and tailored treatments, challenges such as the need for improved diagnostic
tools, identification of new targets for intervention, and optimization of drug delivery methods will remain. By
addressing these challenges and continuing to invest in research and collaboration, we can revolutionize the
treatment of neurological disorders and significantly enhance the lives of those affected by these conditions.
Syringic Acid Attenuates the IL-1β-Induced Akt Pathway in Chondrocyte ATDC5 Cells
Authors: He Xiao-Feng , Xiong Zhi-Hong , Zhao Qing-Gang , Lei Yi-Hao , Vijayalakshmi Annamali , Cheng Gang 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic progressive joint ailment that is largely
predominant worldwide. However, it typically gets worse over time, occurs more frequently, and
becomes more crippling.

Objectives:
Syringic acid (SA) is a well-known phenolic compound reported to suppress inflammation,
cell proliferation, and apoptosis of various cancer cells. Since the role of SA in OA
remains unknown, there is a need to hypothesize the anti-inflammatory activities of SA on IL-
1β-induced ATDC5 chondrocyte‑like cells and to elucidate its protective action against OA.

Methods:
The cytotoxicity, inflammatory mediators, mRNA expression of MMPs, ADAMTS,
COX-2, and Akt/NF-κB protein expression of SA activity on ATDC5 cells were examined
through CCK-8 assay, ELISA, RT-qPCR, and western blot. It was found that SA (10, 20, and 30
μM) did not show any inhibitory effects on the viability of the ATDC5 cells in a concentrationdependent
manner.

Results:
SA markedly reduced the inflammatory mediators, cytokines, PGE2, MMPs, COX-2,
and ADAMTS in a concentration-dependent manner. Likewise, SA expressively attenuated IL-
1β-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and NF-κB activation as well as IL-1β- induced ATDC5
chondrocytes.

Conclusion:
This study revealed that SA is a novel candidate applicable for the treatment of OA.
Integrated Somatic Mutation Network Diffusion Model for Stratification of Breast Cancer into Different Metabolic Mutation Subtypes
Authors: Su Dongqing , Li Honghao , Wang Tao , Zou Min , Wei Haodong , Xiong Yuqiang , Sun Hongmei , Wang Shiyuan , Xi Qilemuge , Zuo Yongchun , Yang Lei 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Mutations in metabolism-related genes in somatic cells potentially lead to
disruption of metabolic pathways, which results in patients exhibiting different molecular and pathological
features.

Objective:
In this study, we focused on somatic mutation data to investigate the significance of metabolic
mutation typing in guiding the prognosis and treatment of breast cancer patients.

Methods:
The somatic mutation profile of breast cancer patients was analyzed and smoothed by utilizing
a network diffusion model within the protein-protein interaction network to construct a comprehensive
somatic mutation network diffusion profile. Subsequently, a deep clustering approach
was employed to explore metabolic mutation typing in breast cancer based on integrated metabolic
pathway information and the somatic mutation network diffusion profile. In addition, we employed
deep neural networks and machine learning prediction models to assess the feasibility of predicting
drug responses through somatic mutation network diffusion profiles.

Results:
Significant differences in prognosis and metabolic heterogeneity were observed among the
different metabolic mutation subtypes, characterized by distinct alterations in metabolic pathways
and genetic mutations, and these mutational features offered potential targets for subtype-specific
therapies. Furthermore, there was a strong consistency between the results of the drug response prediction
model constructed on the somatic mutation network diffusion profile and the actual observed
drug responses.

Conclusion:
Metabolic mutation typing of cancer assists in guiding patient prognosis and treatment.
Wortmannin Inhibits Cell Growth and Induces Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells
by Suppressing the PI3K/AKT Pathway
Authors: Bani Nastaran , Rahmani Farzad , Shakour Neda , Amerizadeh Forouzan , Khalili-Tanha Ghazaleh , Khazaei Majid , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi , Kerachian Mohammad Amin , Abbaszadegan Mohammad Reza , Mojarad Majid , Hadizadeh Farzin , Ferns Gordon A. , Avan Amir 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant contributor to mortality, often exacerbated
by metastasis and chemoresistance. Novel therapeutic strategies are imperative to enhance current treatments.
The dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is implicated in CRC progression. This study investigates
the therapeutic potential of Wortmannin, combined with 5‐fluorouracil (5-FU), to target the PI3K/Akt pathway in
CRC.

Methods:
Anti-migratory and antiproliferative effects were assessed through wound healing and MTT assays.
Apoptosis and cell cycle alterations were evaluated using Annexin V/Propidium Iodide Apoptosis Assay. Wortmannin's
impact on the oxidant/antioxidant equilibrium was examined via ROS, SOD, CAT, MDA, and T-SH
levels. Downstream target genes of the PI3K/AKT pathway were analyzed at mRNA and protein levels using RTPCR
and western blot, respectively.

Results:
Wortmannin demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, modulating survivin, cyclinD1,
PI3K, and p-Akt. The PI3K inhibitor attenuated migratory activity, inducing E-cadherin expression.
Combined Wortmannin with 5-FU induced apoptosis, increasing cells in sub-G1 via elevated ROS levels.

Conclusion:
This study underscores Wortmannin's potential in inhibiting CRC cell growth and migration through
PI3K/Akt pathway modulation. It also highlights its candidacy for further investigation as a promising therapeutic
option in colorectal cancer treatment.
Current Status of Patent Research on Medical Micro-nano Robot
Authors: Yang Yongqi , Xie Xuedong , Yan Farui , Han Lu , Xie Baocheng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Micro-nano robots have broad applications in sewage purification and DNA testing. Micro-
nano robots have significant potential in the medical field， as they have higher therapeutic efficiency
and safety than conventional treatment methods. Meanwhile, micro-nano robots provide a new
method for treating many diseases. Therefore, as an emerging medical method, the development trend
of micro-nano robots is receiving increasing attention. This study aims to provide a new approach to
treating diseases that reduces the costs and risks of traditional medical treatments. This paper introduces
the operation mechanism of micro-nano robots, summarizes representative patents of micronano
robots in medicine, summarizes the classification according to the different driving modes, and
analyzes their advantages, disadvantages, and uses. Through the investigation of many micro-nano
robots, the current medical micro-nano robots are summarized and analyzed as generally challenging
to prepare, difficult to control accurately, with a low degree of intelligence, and poor accuracy. Finally,
the future development trend of medical micro-nano robots is overlooked. Optimizing the preparation
method can significantly reduce the production cost of micro-nano robots. Mixing and driving
modes can drive the micro-nano robots more efficiently. Improving the intelligence of micro-nano
robots can allow them to perform more complex tasks. Improved imaging techniques allow for more
precise control of the micro-nano robots. Finally, the article forecasts that micro-nano robots will
develop towards the trends of non-toxic, intelligent, and controllable directions.