bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Recognition Indicators of Modified Cyclodextrins Using Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer Fluorescence
Authors: Hamasaki Keita , Ueno Akihiko , Toda Fujio , Suzuki Iwao , Osa Tetsuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Modified α, β, and γ-cyclodextrins that bear one p-(dimethylamino)benzoyl (DMAB) moiety (DMAB-αCyD, DMAB-βCyD, and DMAB-γCyD, respectively) were synthesized as fluometric molecular recognition indicators. These three modified cyclodextrins show dual fluorescence arising from normal planar and twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) excited states. Among them, the TICT emission was particularly great in the case of DMAB-βCyD. The TICT fluorescence intensity increased for DMAB-αCyD and DMAB-γCyD, and decreased for DMAB-βCyD when the hosts form inclusion complexes with guest molecules, and the variation of the TICT emission intensity was used as a sensitivity parameter. DMAB-αCyD was effective to detect chain compounds while DMAB-γCyD showed high sensitivities to bulky compounds including several steroids. Various guest compounds were detected by DMAB-βCyD, The orders of the sensitivities of the hosts were parallel with those of the binding constants except for the case of DMAB-γCyD. The results demonstrate that these fluorescent CyDs are useful as fluorescent indicators of molecular recognition.
Preparation of Polypyrrole from Pyrrole by Using the Catalytic System of VO(acac)2–AlCl3–O2
Authors: Izumi Seishi , Toshima Naoki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Polypyrrole was prepared by the oxidation of pyrrole with molecular oxygen in the presence of bis(acetylacetonato)(oxo)vanadium(IV) (VO(acac)2) and aluminum chloride (AlCl3) as a catalyst. The polymerization of pyrrole at 20 °C at a mole ratio of VO(acac)2/AlCl3 = 1/1 in acetonitrile under 1 atm of oxygen gave polypyrrole, 10−2 S cm−1 in electrocondutivity in 260% yield on the basis of the catalyst charged. The addition of pyridine to the system improved the electroconductivity of the polypyrrole produced. The reaction mechanism is discussed based on the UV-vis spectra of the reaction mixtures, the ESR spectra of the catalytic system, and the oxygen consumption during polymerization.
Characteristics of Iron Phophate as a Catalyst for Partial Oxidation
Authors: Ai Mamoru , Muneyama Etsuhiro , Kunishige Atsuhiro , Ohdan Kyoji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The catalytic performances of iron phosphate were compared with those obtained from the phosphates of vanadium and molybdenum in the partial oxidation of various compounds, such as 1-butene, crotonaldehyde, methacrylaldehyde, propinaldehyde, butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, propionic acid, butyric acid, and isobutyric acid. Iron phosphate showed excellent performance for only the oxidative dehydrogenation of isobutyraldehyde and isobutyric acid to form methacrylaldehyde and methacrylic acid, respectively.
Cyclodextrin Precipitates with Naphthalene–Biphenyl Mixed Guests in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Sanemasa Isao , Takahashi Hiroko , Ishibashi Kazunari , Deguchi Toshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Cyclodextrins (β- and γ-CyDs) were precipitated in an aqueous medium at 25 °C in the presence of a naphthalene (N)–biphenyl (B) mixed guest. The N/B molar ratio in the precipitates was found to be governed by SN·KN (SB·KB)−1, where S refers to the solubility of the guest in water and K to the 1 : 1 association constant of the CyD–guest.
The Catalytic Activity of Ionophoric Calix[4]arene Analog
Authors: Okada Yukihiro , Sugitani Yuji , Kasai Yoshinori , Nishimura Jun 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Calix[4]arene analog (2) having 2-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl groups was prepared in 92% yield. Compound 2 showed the extraction of alkali metal ions as an ionophore and the catalytic activity for some SN2 reactions.
Regio- and Stereoselectivity of Cycloadditions of Trifluoromethylated Azomethine Ylide
Authors: Tanaka Kiyoshi , Nagatani Sigeaki , Ohsuga Masaki , Mitsuhashi Keiryo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Trifluoromethylated azomethine ylide 1, generated in situ by the conrotatory ring opening of cis-2-benzoyl-1-methyl-3-trifluoromethylaziridine, cycloadded with both electron-deficient and -rich monosubstituted olefins to give exclusively the corresponding 3-substituted pyrrolidines. This high regioselectivity is discussed in connection with the interaction between 1-LUMO and olefin-HOMO.
The Reactions of α-Alkoxy-Substituted Styrenes with Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate and Dimethyl Fumarate Novel Adducts in the Reaction with Dimethyl Fumarate
Authors: Kotsuki Hiyoshizo , Yamaguchi Tadashi , Ohno Keiji , Ichikawa Yoshikatsu , Ochi Masamitsu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reactions of α-trimethylsiloxy-, α-methoxy-, and α-ethoxystyrene with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) and dimethyl fumarate (DMFM) have been investigated. With DMAD the 1 : 1 Diels–Alder and the 1 : 2 Diels–Alder ene adducts were obtained, while the reaction with DMFM gave novel open-chain adducts through alkyl group migration and incorporation of the solvent.
Quantum Chemical Rationale on Free-Radical Formation of Irradiated Acrylic Polymers
Authors: Noguchi Akihiro , Kondo Shin-ichi , Kuzuya Masayuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The bond cleavage of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) in their excited states was investigated by means of molecular orbital calculations (AM1 and INDO/S-CI methods) using model molecules. The calculated reaction potentials for the bond cleavages in the excited states showed that the most dissociative bonds are the α-C–H bond for PAA and the C–C bond associated with the decarboxylation for PMAA. β-C–C bond cleavage following the above-mentioned side-bond cleavages seems to be feasible in the higher excited states. The formation of free radicals in the plasma- and γ-irradiations of PAA, PMAA, and their esters could be well explained as reactions in the excited states.
Frontal Chromatography for Nonassociable and Micellar Systems
Authors: Funasaki Noriaki , Hada Sakae , Neya Saburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The continuous flow model of chromatography for computer simulations is developed and applied for nonassociable, dimerizing, and micellar systems. This model is more realistic than the discontinuous flow model, since the former takes into account the infinitesimal flow of the mobile phase. The frontal and zonal chromatograms of sucrose, a nonassociable solute, are determined on a Sephadex G-10 column as a function of the total sucrose concentration. The derivative of the frontal chromatogram at the leading boundary completely overlaps with that at the trailing boundary and has the same shape with the zonal chromatogram. Therefore the number of plate can be calculated from the observed derivative chromatogram. For some dimerizing systems the dimerization constant can be estimated from the concentration dependence of the derivative at the trailing boundary, if an appropriate correction is applied. Some characteristic parameters obtained from the derivative chromatogram of the micellar system provide information on the aggregation pattern. The observed results outlined above can be semiquantitatively predicted by the continuous flow model and by the discontinuous flow model, if the void volume and the number of plate are regarded as adjustable parameters in the latter model.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Properties of Oxygen-Deficient Lanthanum Nickelate LaNiO3−x (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5)
Authors: Moriga Toshihiro , Usaka Osamu , Imamura Tomomi , Nakabayashi Ichiro , Matsubara Ichiro , Kinouchi Tsuneo , Kikkawa Shinichi , Kanamaru Fumikazu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Two kinds of oxygen-deficient phases around LaNiO2.5 were obtained by a low-temperature H2 reduction of perovskite-type LaNiO3. An antiferromagnetic LaNiO2.5 with TN 140 K seems to be stoichiometric and a small amount of excess oxygen leads to a new ferromagnetic phases. A structural refinement has revealed that the former (space group C 2/c) comprised one-dimensionally linked NiO6 octahedra along the c-axis and NiO4 square-planars connecting the octahedra chains. A cooperative Jahn–Teller distortion was observed in both coordination polyhedra, which suggested that LaNiO2.5 has octahedral Ni3+ ions with the low-spin state and square-planar Ni+ ions. Its magnetic property and XPS spectrum support this model. The new ferromagnetism with Tc 230 K could be understood due to a slight canting in the antiferromagnetic interaction between the octahedra and the square-planes.
The Formation Dynamics of Cholesterol Films Prepared by Spontaneous Self-Assembly Method
Authors: Amire Olasoji Abayomi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The dynamics of the process of formation of cholesterol films on a solid substrate prepared by the spontaneous self-assembly technique has been investigated. An expression for the coverage in a multilayer system was derived. Application of the equation to cholesterol multilayer film formation kinetics shows that the approach to equilibrium of the self-assembly process obeys first-order rate law. An observed adsorption free energy change of −21.7 ± 0.1 kJ mol−1 was obtained for cholesterol on quartz slide and a mean lifetime of cholesterol on the slide surface during deposition of 78 ± 3 ks at 298.16 K. A mean lifetime for stearic acid adsorbed from hexadecane onto native aluminium oxide surface (data from elsewhere) was found to be 12.4 ± 0.3 ks. The results suggest dynamic processes which strongly depend on the formation constant of the amphiphile for coordination to the substrate.
A Photochemically Prepared O-Bonded Sulfinato Complex of Cobalt(III). Optical Resolution and X-Ray Structure of (2-Aminoethanesulfinato-O,N) [tris(2-aminoethyl)amine]cobalt(III)
Authors: Kojima Masaaki , Shimizu Yasuhiro , Nakajima Kiyohiko , Yoshikawa Yuzo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The cis(t-N,O)-[Co{OS(O)CH2CH2NH2-O,N}{N(CH2CH2NH2)3}]2+ (t-N = tertiary amine nitrogen) complex was prepared by photolysis of the corresponding S,N-chelate sulfinato complex. The structure of the linkage-isomerized product was determined by the X-ray method. Optical resolution of the O,N-chelate complex was achieved by SP-Sephadex column chromatography, and the racemization of the complex was studied.
Conversion of Amides, N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylurea, and Esters to the Corresponding Selenoxo Compounds by Treatment with Bis(trimethylsilyl) Selenide and BF3·OEt2
Authors: Takikawa Yuji , Watanabe Hiroyuki , Sasaki Ryuji , Shimada Kazuaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reactions of amides and N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylurea with (Me3Si)2Se in the presence of BF3·OEt2 afforded the corresponding slelenoxo compounds in good yields. On the other hand, selenation of ethyl and butyl benzoates in a similar manner gave benzoin and 2,3,5,6-tetraphenyl-1,4-diselenin via selenoesters. The trapping of selenoesters was also achieved by 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene to afford [4+2] cycloadducts.
Production of CN(B2Σ+) Radicals in the Dissociative Excitation of BrCN and ICN by Metastable Ar and Kr Atoms in a Flowing Afterglow
Authors: Kanda Kazuhiro , Suzuki Kaoru , Kondow Tamotsu , Ito Haruhiko , Kuchitsu Kozo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The dynamics of dissociative excitation of BrCN or ICN producing CN(B2Σ+) radicals by Ar(3P2) or Kr(3P2) was investigated by using the flowing afterglow method. The observed vibrational distributions of CN(B) are consistent with the reported reaction mechanism for the CN(B) formation initiated by the transfer of the excitation energy of the metastable atom to the cyanide molecule.
Bubblepoint Testing of Geotextiles: Apparatus and Operation
Authors: Elton DJ , Hayes DW , Adanur S 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A simple, inexpensive device for measuring geotextile pore sizes, using ASTM D 6767, is described and its operation is outlined with guidance for correct operation. The accuracy and consistency of the test are shown. The test appears to have better consistency than the apparent opening size (AOS) test, avoids the inherent and operator-dependent problems of theAOS test, and further, describes the entire pore size distribution of a geotextile, making it useful for developing a more complete filter criterion. Suggestions are made for improving ASTM D 6767.
Male pseudohermaphroditism and gonadal mosaicism in a 47,XY,+22 fetus
Authors: Beaulieu Bergeron Mélanie , Tran‐Thanh Danh , Fournet Jean‐Christophe , Lemyre Emmanuelle , Lemieux Nicole , Bouron‐Dal Soglio Dorothée 
Published: July 2006

AbstractTrisomy 22 syndrome manifestations include cranial and facial anomalies. Ambiguous genitalia have been described in some fetus, but histological examination of the gonads has been rarely provided. We report here the first case of a male pseudohermaphrodite fetus with non‐mosaic full trisomy 22 in amniocytes and presenting with ambiguous external genitalia, testes, and a uterus. In this case, we have further analyzed cytogenetically gonadal and uterine tissues. FISH analyses on paraffin‐embedded gonads and uterus indicated the presence of two cell lines: XY and monosomy X, with 22%–50% of uterine cells having monosomy X, while 85%–100% of right and 77%–96% of left testicular cells were XY. The distribution of sex chromosomes observed in these tissues could explain the sexual differentiation observed in this fetus. On the other hand, this phenotype could also have resulted from cryptic anomalies in one or several genes implicated in sexual differentiation. Further evidence is thus needed before identifying the true cause of pseudohermaphroditism in our patient. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Origin and mechanisms of formation of fetus‐in‐fetu: Two cases with genotype and methylation analyses
Authors: Miura Shoko , Miura Kiyonori , Yamamoto Toshiyuki , Yamanaka Michiko , Saito Keisuke , Hirabuki Tomoo , Kurosawa Kenji , Harada Naoki , Ishizaki‐Yamasaki Yoko , Matsumoto Naomichi , Hirahara Fumiki , Yoshiura Koh‐ichiro , Masuzaki Hideaki , Niikawa Norio 
Published: July 2006

AbstractFetus‐in‐fetu (FIF) is a condition in which a host infant has a fetus‐like mass(es) within its body. We describe here results of molecular genetic analysis in two cases of FIF. In FIF‐1, a male host had two retroperitoneal fetiform masses each with a vertebral column, and in FIF‐2, a fetiform mass with vertebral column was present in the cranial cavity of a male host. Genotyping of each case using microsatellite markers showed that the host infant and its fetus(es) inherited one copy each of parental alleles and shared identical genotypes. These findings were confirmed by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis using Affymetrix GeneChip Human Mapping 50K Array, and supported a monozygotic twin theory of FIF. Analysis of the methylation status was done in both cases at the differentially methylated region (DMR) within the human IGF2‐H19 locus after bisulfite treatment, methylation‐specific PCR, and cloning of PCR products. Normally, only the paternal allele is methylated and the maternal allele unmethylated in DMR. However, in FIF‐1, 7 (46.7%) of 15 clones from a fetiform mass and 6 (66.7%) of 9 clones from the other mass showed an unmethylated paternal allele, while the methylation status of a host infant and its fetiform mass in FIF‐2 was the same in all clones examined with normal patterns. These data suggest that in FIF‐1, two isolated blastocysts originated from one zygote, one of the two was implanted into (or included by) the other blastocyst during the process of methylation, and such abnormal implantation may have occurred in FIF‐2 after the establishment of methylation. This is the first case of FIF showing different methylation patterns between a host infant and fetiform mass. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Paternal isodisomy of chromosome 7 with cystic fibrosis and overgrowth
Authors: Fares Fuad , David Miriam , Lerner Aaron , Diukman Roni , Lerer Israela , Abeliovich Dvorah , Rivlin Joseph 
Published: July 2006

AbstractWe have diagnosed a boy with cystic fibrosis (CF) due to paternal UPD presenting with overweight and developmental delay, not typical features to CF patients. Two previously reported patients with paternal UPD(7) did not present overgrowth. The discrepancy between the phenotype of this boy and the other two patients raises the question of imprinted genes or homozygotization of a disease‐causing gene in paternal UPD7. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biomechanics of the rostrum in crocodilians: A comparative analysis using finite‐element modeling
Authors: McHenry Colin R. , Clausen Philip D. , Daniel William J.T. , Meers Mason B. , Pendharkar Atul 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThis article reports the use of simple beam and finite‐element models to investigate the relationship between rostral shape and biomechanical performance in living crocodilians under a range of loading conditions. Load cases corresponded to simple biting, lateral head shaking, and twist feeding behaviors. The six specimens were chosen to reflect, as far as possible, the full range of rostral shape in living crocodilians: a juvenile Caiman crocodilus, subadult Alligator mississippiensis and Crocodylus johnstoni, and adult Caiman crocodilus, Melanosuchus niger, and Paleosuchus palpebrosus. The simple beam models were generated using morphometric landmarks from each specimen. Three of the finite‐element models, the A. mississippiensis, juvenile Caiman crocodilus, and the Crocodylus johnstoni, were based on CT scan data from respective specimens, but these data were not available for the other models and so these—the adult Caiman crocodilus, M. niger, and P. palpebrosus—were generated by morphing the juvenile Caiman crocodilus mesh with reference to three‐dimensional linear distance measured from specimens. Comparison of the mechanical performance of the six finite‐element models essentially matched results of the simple beam models: relatively tall skulls performed best under vertical loading and tall and wide skulls performed best under torsional loading. The widely held assumption that the platyrostral (dorsoventrally flattened) crocodilian skull is optimized for torsional loading was not supported by either simple beam theory models or finite‐element modeling. Rather than being purely optimized against loads encountered while subduing and processing food, the shape of the crocodilian rostrum may be significantly affected by the hydrodynamic constraints of catching agile aquatic prey. This observation has important implications for our understanding of biomechanics in crocodilians and other aquatic reptiles. Anat Rec Part A, 288A:827–849, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Emotions, reason and behaviour: a search for the truth
Authors: Williamson Mick 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThis paper examines the power of emotions as a behavioural driver. It is argued that, for many reasons, including ease of data capture and the passion for modelling, the market research community have been giving too much emphasis to considered and rationally driven behaviours and largely ignoring the influence of emotions, as well as behaviours requiring little or no thought. The second part of this paper discusses new thinking on the subject of emotions, derived from the author's own work and neuroscience, and provides a brief description of a qualitative research methodology that reveals emotional drivers and especially those that exert their influence in the liminal zone of the mind. Copyright © 2002 Henry Stewart Publications.
Public self‐consciousness disposition effect on reactions to waiting in line
Authors: Marquis Marie , Filiatrault Pierre 
Published: July 2006

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate how high public self‐conscious subjects may display specific reactions while waiting in line with strangers at a movie theatre. Results suggest that, when compared with low public subjects, high public self‐conscious subjects will have an attentional focus directed toward time, will attribute more control to service managers for the cause of the wait and will evaluate the service more negatively. Results concerning relationships between attribution of control, behavioural intentions and service evaluation support those of previous studies and are both directly and indirectly moderated by the public self‐consciousness disposition. This research opens the way to conducting future studies attempting to link other personality dispositions with consumer behaviour in the services domain. Copyright © 2003 Henry Stewart Publications.
Effects of subcultural differences on country and product evaluations
Authors: Laroche FRSC Michel , Papadopoulos Nicolas , Heslop Louise , Bergeron Jasmin 
Published: July 2006

AbstractMost cross‐cultural studies on country of origin or product‐country image (PCI) effects have implicitly assumed that national markets are composed of homogeneous consumers. Although many investigations in this field are described as cross‐cultural, most are in fact cross‐national. The overarching hypothesis of the present research is that PCI effects may vary across subcultures within a country. The results indicate that subcultural differences exist in the evaluation of culturally affiliated countries and their products. Cognitive responses converged to show that consumers' perceived linkages significantly influence the weight given to the country of origin in product evaluations. Several implications for managers and academic researchers are discussed. Copyright © 2003 Henry Stewart Publications.
Teens on the Internet—commercial application of a deconstructive analysis of ‘teen zine’ features
Authors: Moskowitz Howard , Itty Barbara , Ewald Jeff 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThis paper presents the authors' approach to understanding drivers of interest for teen e‐zines (Internet magazines). The paper shows how a deconstruction of the current set of e‐zines provides the raw material for a conjoint measurement study, whereby the elements are mixed and matched in order to create new test concepts. From reactions to those test concepts one can identify four newly emerging segments: the ‘indifferents’, the ‘adults in training’, the ‘media and me’ and the ‘talk and celebrate being a teen’. Deconstruction applied to the competitive frame provides both a deeper understanding of the e‐zine landscape and input for newer and better e‐zines that are targeted to specific mindsets. Copyright © 2003 Henry Stewart Publications.
On the robustness and the direction of the effect of cause‐related marketing
Authors: Yechiam Eldad , Barron Greg , Erev Ido , Erez Miriam 
Published: July 2006

AbstractTwo experiments are presented in this paper that explore the effect of cause‐related marketing (CRM) on product choice. To allow evaluation of the effect of experience and the role of individual differences, the experiments used a repeated choice setting. The results of Experiment 1 showed that the effect of CRM was stable over time. However, the direction of the effect was sensitive to the value of the product. CRM served as an equaliser: it helped disadvantaged alternatives and reduced the attractiveness of superior alternatives. Experiment 2 showed that the effect of CRM decreased but did not disappear in an easy choice task. These findings are summarised in a simple model and discussed in terms of their potential marketing applications. Copyright © 2003 Henry Stewart Publications.