bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global inequality in burden of breast cancer from 1990 to 2019: a cross-national study
Authors: Wang Yang , Chang Zhongwei , Zhang YiFei , Xu MarvinXuejun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Breast cancer been the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and contributes to great global disease burden. Exploring global inequality in breast cancer burden can help global collaboration to improve availability and equitable distribution of resources for BCa across countries
Method
We extracted data on age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rates (ASDRs) for breast cancer from 1990 to 2019 reported in the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. To assess global inequality, slope index of inequality (SII) and concentration index were calculated as absolute and relative metrics, corresponding with 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results
Varied ASDRs were observed across 204 countries and territories in both 1990 and 2019. The SII changed from 160.4 (95% CI, 128.6, 183.9) in 1990 to -125.1 (95% CI, -176.4, -86.3), highlighting that countries with the lower socio-demographic index were disproportionately burdened with higher disease burdens. The concentration index changed from 18.0(95% CI, 17.4, 18.3) in 1990 to 5.3 (95% CI, 4.4, 5.6) in 2019, indicting reduced relative health inequality from 1990 to 2019. Meanwhile, females reported higher ASDRs and exhibited greater global inequality in burden than males.
Conclusion
Countries with lower sociodemographic development would shoulder disproportionately higher burden of breast cancer. The shift in the disproportionate burden suggested the need of reasonable allocation of global resources, with a particular priority for low-income countries.
WITHDRAWN: The impact of input modality on user experience by age group: based on self-service terminal
Authors: Hou Guanhua , Huang Hui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The current interaction of self-service terminal lack an effective way that is consistent with the needs of older adults. Touch input is a frequent modality, sometimes the only modality, used in self-service terminal, which may not be beneficial to some older users. This study aims to investigate the effects of input modality (touch, voice, eye control) and age (young people, pre-seniors, and seniors) on the task performance and cognitive load of users operating a prototype self-service terminal. Task performance and cognitive load significantly differed across input modalities and participant ages. For touchless modalities appropriate for pandemic environments, this research indicates both eye control and voice inputs are suitable for young people, and voice input appropriate people over the age of 55. For non-pandemic environments, the touch input was found suitable for users below the age of 55. For those over 55, voice input is a better choice.
Predictive Model of Delayed Hyponatremia after Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Resection of Pituitary Adenoma
Authors: Pei YuKang , Miao Faan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective This study aims to establish the risk factors and predictive model for the occurrence of delayed hyponatremia after endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma.
Methods Data from 155 patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma at the affiliated hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2018 to May 2023 were analyzed. These patients were randomly divided into a training group (108 cases, 70%) and a validation group (47 cases, 30%). Univariate and Multivariate Logistic regression analysis were conducted on the training group to identify risk factors for delayed hyponatremia after surgery. A predictive model was established using R software and validated.
Results After conducting Univariate and Multivariate Logistic regression analysis, factors influencing the occurrence of delayed hyponatremia after endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma were identified as follows: elevated preoperative prolactin levels, higher preoperative suprasellar cistern height, and hyponatremia in the first 1-2 days after surgery. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for forecasting delayed postoperative hyponatremia (DPH) in training and validation sets was 0.943 and 0.959 respectively. The DCA curve indicated a higher benefit in clinical application.
Conclusions The risk prediction model for delayed hyponatremia after endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma, developed in this study, demonstrates favorable predictive performance. The nomogram can be utilized for early identification of high-risk individuals for DPH.
Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet reduces the risk of diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
Authors: Quan Xiyan , Shen Xiaoming , Li Chun , Li Yayuan , Li Tiangang , Chen Baifan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite some epidemiological studies reporting a significant association between adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and risk of diabetes mellitus, the results remain controversial. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the existing evidence from published observational studies and evaluate the dose-response relationship between adherence to the DASH diet and diabetes mellitus risk.
Methods
A systematic search for relevant articles published up to September 2023 was conducted using electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). A random-effects model was applied to calculate the combined relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the highest compared to the lowest categories of DASH score in relation to diabetes mellitus risk. Heterogeneity among the included studies was measured using the Cochran’s Q test and I-squared(I2) statistic. Literature search, study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were performed by two independent reviewers.
Results
Fifteen studies involving 557,475 participants and 57,064 diabetes mellitus cases were eligible for our analyses. Pooled analyses from included studies showed that high adherence to the DASH diet was significantly associated with a reduced risk of diabetes mellitus(RR: 0.82; 95%CI: 0.76–0.90, P < 0.001). Moreover, dose-response meta-analysis showed a linear trend between adherence to the DASH diet and diabetes mellitus(RR:0.99;95%CI:0.97–1.02, Pdose−response=0.546, Pnonlinearity= 0.701). Subgroup analyses revealed a significant inverse association between adherence to the DASH diet and diabetes mellitus risk in case-control studies (RR: 0.65; 95%CI:0.29–1.43, P < 0.001), with a marginal inverse association in cohort studies(RR:0.83; 95%CI: 0.76–0.91, P < 0.001). Besides, we conducted analyses separately by comparison, and found a significant inverse association between DASH diet and diabetes mellitus risk in T3 vs T1 comparison studies(RR = 0.74; 95%CI: 0.64–0.86, P = 0.012).
Conclusion
The findings of this study showed a protective association between adherence to the DASH diet and risk of diabetes mellitus. More prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials are needed to validate these findings.
Designing a neuron network topology for forecasting streaming patterns of highly magnetized couple stress trihybrid nano-blood in a constricted/dilated artery by means of electric double layer principle
Authors: Das Subhendu , Das Sanatan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Exploring electrokinetic phenomena in the context of biofluids blended with nanoparticles opens up possibilities for innovative biomedical applications. It may open pathways to novel treatments involving electromagnetic fields and nanoparticle-infused blood tailored to target specific medical issues. This research is centred on investigating streaming patterns in highly magnetized couple stress blood infused with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), titania, and alumina within a constricted/dilated arterial channel influenced by electroosmosis. The model is designed with the imposition of an intense external magnetic field oriented perpendicularly to the channel, giving rise to phenomena such as Hall currents, ion-slip currents, and Joule heating. The electric potential within the electric double layer (EDL) is calculated through the solution of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. Computation of the proposed blood flow model is accomplished by harnessing the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg (RKF45) shooting scheme via the bvp4c solver in Mathematica. The study is carried out by employing informative graphs and tables to comprehensively understand and elucidate the physical sequels of crucial factors on flow dynamics and physical quantities. Notable outcomes include the observation that blood temperature regenerates with higher values of Hall and ion-slip parameters, while skin friction on the artery’s upper wall abates as the electroosmosis parameter amplifies. An increase in nanoparticles’ volume fraction (NVF) leads to higher Nusselt numbers on the upper wall. Furthermore, an artificial neural network (ANN) model is developed using reference datasets obtained from numerical outcomes. This ANN model accurately predicts crucial flow quantities, with error rates of only 0.07% for the skin friction coefficient and 0.05% for the Nusselt number. The findings of this study hold potential implications for the design of more effective drug delivery systems, biomedical devices, improved diagnostic accuracy and informed treatment decisions, among other applications.
Dosimetric comparison of multiple SBRT delivery platforms for pancreatic cancer
Authors: Song Yongchun , Chen Xiuli , Wang Yuwen , Dong Yang , Tian Jia , Wang Xin , Yu Xuyao , Jiang Bo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has been widely used for pancreatic cancer. However, there is still a lack of studies comparing the latest SBRT techniques in terms of clinical efficacy and safety. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate three latest SBRT elivery platforms: CyberKnife (CK), Tomography Radixact (TOMO), and Halcyon volume rotation intensity modulation therapy (VMAT) for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Methods
Sixteen patients with pancreatic cancer treated with CK were retrospectively analyzed. SBRT plans were designed using Precision and Eclipse software. CK plans were optimized in two forms: fixed collimator (CK-Fixed) and multi-leaf grating collimator (CK-MLC). The median radiation dose was 40 Gy (35–45 Gy) in 5 fractions (3–6 f). The effectiveness of clinical treatment was evaluated by comparing the homogeneity index (HI), conformity index (CI), coverage of the planning target volume (PTV) and dose distribution parameters of organs at risk (OAR).
Results
All plans met the limits of clinical target dose and OAR. CK-MLC plans had the lowest maximum dose of 2 cm normal tissue from PTV margin (D2cm), indicating a low risk of peripheral radiation damage. Additionally, the CK-MLC plans had the lowest dose parameters and provided the best protection for the kidney, spinal cord, small intestine, and duodenum, with a paired t-test p-value < 0.05, indicating a statistical difference.
Conclusion
High conformity and adjustability of CK-MLC allowed for precise complex target localization and conformal dose distribution, benefiting tumor treatment while maximally reducing damage to OAR. This study provides valuable dosimetric evidence for SBRT technique selection for pancreatic cancer.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward contraceptive methods among female undergraduate students of Chiang Mai University, Thailand: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Charussangsuriya Pattaraporn , Srisu Sasivimol , Siri Jutarat , Jantra Tanawat , Suebsai-on Panisa , Tongsong Theera 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
To assess sex activity, knowledge, attitudes and practices of contraception methods among female undergraduates at Chiang Mai University, Thailand.
Methods
Female undergraduate students aged 18–26 years, who were studying for a bachelor's degree between July 1, 2023, and August 31, 2023, were invited to participate in this study. Self-administered anonymous questionnaires were answered by participants via an online platform. Participants were excluded if they did not understand Thai language. The questionnaire consisted of 4 parts (socio-demographic & contraception use, knowledge of contraceptive methods, attitudes, and sources of information.)
Results
A total of 475 women responded to the questionnaire. Of them 29.2% had sex experience, with significantly lower prevalence among the students in health sciences faculties, when compared with those of non-health sciences (20.6% vs 40.2%; p-value < 0.001). The mean ± SD scores of knowledge of contraceptive methods was 12.84 ± 4.59 (range, 0–24), indicating a medium level. There were only 15.1% of participants were categorized as a high level, while many participants (86.9%) had a positive attitude toward contraceptive methods. Most participants gained contraceptive knowledge from online content from the internet and social media.
Conclusion
Nearly 30% of the female university students had sex experience, lower than that in most previous studies, with significantly lower prevalence in the group of health sciences faculties. Most female university students had a positive attitude toward contraception uses; however, their knowledge about contraception was relatively limited. Finally, most contraceptive methods used were relatively less effective and theoretically at risk for unintended pregnancy. New knowledge on this issue needs to be encouraged. Establishing user-friendly reproductive and sexual health services may help improve student engagement in contraception methods.
Genomic evidence for supergene control of Darwin’s “complex marriage arrangement” – the tristylous floral polymorphism
Authors: Xue Haoran , Gong Yunchen , Wright Stephen , Barrett Spencer 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Tristyly is a polymorphism characterized by three flower morphs with reciprocal stigma and anther heights controlled by two epistatically interacting diallelic loci (S and M), hypothesized to be supergenes. Chromosome-level genome assemblies of Eichhornia paniculata identified the S- and M-loci. The S-locus is a supergene consisting of two divergent alleles: The S-allele (2.51Mb) with three S-allele specific genes hemizygous in most S-morph plants and the s-allele (596kb) with five s-allele specific genes. Two of the S-allele specific genes, LAZY1-S and HRGP-S, were specifically expressed in styles and stamens, respectively, making them tristyly candidate genes. The M-locus contained one gene (LAZY1-M), homologous to LAZY1-S, that was present in the M-allele but absent from the m-allele. Estimates of allele ages are consistent with the prediction that the S-locus evolved before the M-locus. Re-use of the same gene family highlights the potential role of gene duplication in the evolution of epistatic multilocus polymorphisms.
Epidemiological Parameters of Clostridiodes difficileAcquisition and Transmission for Mathematical Modeling: a Systematic Review
Authors: Olufadewa Isaac , West Hal , Latimer Harrison , Chen Shi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

With about half a million Clostridiodes difficile infections (CDI) and 30,000 deaths reported annually in the United States, CDI is a major threat to patients, clinicians, and public health. Mathematical models are important to characterize the transmission dynamics, monitor the spread of new cases, and inform more effective control of CDI. However, the usefulness of these mathematical models of C. difficile depends on the accuracy of the epidemiological parameters, such as transmission coefficient and recovery rate. Our study identified and summarized quantitative estimates of important parameters to inform C. difficile mathematical modeling. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guideline and the comprehensive study protocol is registered with the National Institute for Health Research International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Registration number: CRD42023408483). After searching four major databases and an additional extensive reference search, 21 studies met our eligibility criteria and were further analyzed. Sixteen (76.2%) studies utilized compartmental modeling and 5 (23.8%) adopted an agent-based modeling approach. Also, 15 (71.4%), 3 (14.3%), and 3 (14.3%) studies were stochastic, deterministic and hybrid (both stochastic and deterministic) models respectively. The basic reproduction number (R0) ranged from 0.28 to 2.6. The transmission coefficient was estimated to be from 0.00001 to 0.5, the recovery rate ranged from 0.099 to about 0.21 (per day), the recurrence rate was from 0.12–0.3 (per day), case fatality rates ranged from 0.0000111 to 0.02 per day, and the incubation period ranged from 4 to 18 days. In summary, there was a high heterogeneity among studies and a paucity of mathematical modeling parameters used. We recommend that further research be conducted in this area as more accurate epidemiological parameter estimates are needed to develop mathematical modeling studies for effective CDI control.
Microstructural evolution of pre-oxidized T91 steel during LBE dissolution corrosion
Authors: Liu Chao , Shen Tielong , Qi Le , Ma Zhiwei , Chang Hailong , Wang Zhiguang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The microstructural evolution of T91 steel by pre-steam oxidation during LBE dissolution corrosion was investigated. A bi-layered pre-oxide film with Fe-rich outer layer and Cr-rich inner layer was formed on T91 steel, which was similar to the oxide film of T91 after oxidation corrosion in LBE. The pre-oxide film effectively protects the matrix from LBE corrosion at 620 °C. However, the composition and microstructure of the pre-oxide film changed dramatically. Unlike the original duplex structure, the pre-oxide film exposed to LBE undergoes a process of reduction of the outer layer and oxidative growth of the inner layer and changes into five layers, the loose and easily peeling outer Fe layer, the dense and intact inner layers successively consist of Fe-Cr spinel layer, a transition layer of matrix and Cr-rich oxide, continuous Cr-rich oxide layer with tetragonal distorted spinel structure and amorphous SiO2 layer. The evolution mechanism of the pre-oxide film during LBE dissolution corrosion is discussed.
Predicción de la toxicidad de líquidos iónicos utilizando los descriptores moleculares ECFP y ACSF en conjunto con algoritmos de aprendizaje máquina
Authors: Castro-Vázquez Arnulfo , García-Guadarrama Reyna , Gallo Estrada Marco Tulio 
Published: April 2024

En este trabajo se describe el proceso de predicción de toxicidad de los líquidos iónicos, en particular con respecto a la línea celular en ratas IPC-81. Se estudiaron 355 estructuras moleculares de líquidos iónicos, cuya geometría tridimensional está codificada mediante cadenas de símbolos en lenguaje Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System (SMILES). La alimentación de los datos de entrada a los diferentes modelos de aprendizaje máquina requiere que la información geométrica y de contactos atómicos cercanos de cada liquido iónico sea mapeada o trasformada a notación vectorial numérica (xi) utilizando los siguientes descriptores moleculares: funciones de simetría centradas en cada átomo Atom-Centered Symmetry Functions (ACSF), y huellas digitales de conectividad extendida Extended Connectivity Fingerprints (ECFP). Se usaron tres algoritmos de aprendizaje máquina: Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Support Vector Regression (SVR) y Kernel Ridge Regression (KRR) para construir el modelo matemático de regresión predictivo que relacione los valores de entrada xi con el valor de respuesta representado por el logaritmo de la concentración media efectiva (yi = logEC50) en la evaluación de toxicidad, usando como métrica del grado de ajuste, el coeficiente de determinación (r2). Los resultados indican que la combinación ECFP, con una distancia radial de 6 vecinos atómicos, en conjunto con el algoritmo KRR, proporciona el mejor ajuste promedio con r2=0.8602±0.032, y con respecto al descriptor molecular ACSF, el mejor ajuste promedio se obtuvo con el algoritmo XGBoost con r2=0.8029±0.055.
Analysis of the Glycoside Composition of Calendula Extract
Authors: Yankiv K. F. , Evdokimova M. S. , Gorelova M. I. 
Published: April 2024

Purpose of research. The aim of the article is to comparatively analyse the glycoside (flavonoid) composition of liquid dosage forms containing calendula medicinalis as an initial raw material.Methods. To achieve this goal, methods for extracting medicinal plant materials were studied, scientific literature on the research topic was analyzed, qualitative and quantitative analysis was carried out, and the obtained UV spectra were examined. Obtaining liquid dosage forms from Calendula officinalis flowers was carried out using a Soxhlet extractor and the maceration method. The optimal conditions for the extraction of glycosides were determined by varying the ratio of raw materials and extractant, as well as the concentration of the extractant. For quantitative assessment, the content of extractive substances in the resulting dosage forms was calculated. Confirmation of the presence of flavonoid compounds was carried out using UV spectroscopy. A comparative analysis of the content of flavonoids in liquid dosage forms based on calendula officinalis was carried out.Results. As a result, liquid dosage forms were obtained from calendula officinalis flowers by two different methods, using different formulations, extraction was carried out by maceration and circulating extraction in a Soxlet apparatus, in ratios of 1:5 and 1:10, different concentrations of ethyl alcohol were also used (40%, 70%, 96%). Optimal extraction conditions were determined – for this raw material, the best indicators were achieved when obtaining the dosage form using the Soxlet extractor, in addition, according to the experiment, the concentration of ethyl alcohol, which extracts more target components, is 70%, the most effective ratio is 1:5.Conclusion. The study examined changes in the glycosidic (flavonoid) composition in dosage forms prepared independently according to various recipes and drugs obtained in pharmaceutical production. The use of flavonoid extraction methods provides a great opportunity for further scientific research into the extraction of dietary supplements for the purpose of their production.