bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cartilage regeneration is related to superior mid‐term patient‐reported outcomes after open‐wedge high tibial osteotomy
Authors: Tsushima Takahiro , Sasaki Eiji , Sakamoto Yukiko , Kimura Yuka , Tsuda Eiichi , Ishibashi Yasuyuki 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeMedial open‐wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) is related to cartilage improvement in the medial compartment. This study aimed to evaluate factors associated with cartilage improvement and patient‐reported outcomes (PRO) after OWHTO. It was hypothesised that cartilage improvement is associated with favourable PRO.MethodsThis retrospective study included 94 patients who underwent OWHTO. The mean follow‐up period was 5 years. The weight‐bearing line ratio (WBLR) was defined as the ratio of the distance from the medial tibial edge to the tibial insertion of the weight‐bearing line and the tibial width. The International Cartilage Research Society grade evaluated the medial femoral condyle (MFC) and medial tibial plateau (MTP) at initial and second‐look arthroscopy, and cartilage improvement after OWHTO was assessed. Postoperative knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome scores (KOOS) were compared between the groups with improved and non‐improved cartilage. Additionally, factors related to cartilage improvement and postoperative KOOS scores were analysed.ResultsRegarding the MFC, KOOS pain, symptoms, activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life (QOL) were significantly higher in the cartilage‐improved group than in the non‐improved group (p = 0.012, 0.003, 0.001, 0.006), and cartilage improvement was significantly related to KOOS pain, ADL and QOL (p = 0.021, 0.039, 0.013). In addition, the postoperative WBLR was associated with cartilage improvement, with a cutoff value of 54.0% (p = 0.046). Regarding the MTP, KOOS ADL and QOL (p = 0.026, 0.022) were significantly higher in the cartilage‐improved group than in the nonimproved group. Body mass index (BMI) was significantly related to the postoperative QOL (p = 0.018) and associated with cartilage improvement, with a cutoff value of 25.9 kg/m2 (p = 0.002).ConclusionA postoperative WBLR greater than 54.0% and a preoperative BMI below 25.9 kg/m2 were associated with cartilage improvement, positively impacting PRO after OWHTO.Level of EvidenceLevel III, retrospective comparative study.
Small medial proximal tibial angle is a radiographic finding strongly associated with less coronal alignment correction under valgus stress in medial knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Ichiyanagi Kazuki , Kuriyama Shinichi , Sakai Sayako , Maeda Takahiro , Yamawaki Yusuke , Nishitani Kohei , Nakamura Shinichiro , Matsuda Shuichi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeThe degree to which varus knees can be corrected manually is important when considering total versus unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). The primary aim was to clarify the relationship between the degree of coronal alignment correction and radiographic parameters involved in UKA prognosis using preoperative full‐length lower extremity valgus stress radiography. The secondary aim was to identify the factors affecting alignment correction.MethodsThis retrospective observational study included 115 knees with medial osteoarthritis that underwent knee osteotomy or arthroplasty. Percent mechanical axis without valgus stress (%MA: neutral, 50%; varus, <50% and valgus, >50%), mechanical lateral distal femoral angle, lateral bowing femoral angle, medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), joint line convergence angle, medial and lateral joint space width (LJSW) and medial femoral and tibial joint osteophyte size were measured using preoperative full‐length weight‐bearing radiographs. Correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to assess associations between parameters and %MA with valgus stress or amount of %MA change (%MA with valgus stress minus %MA without valgus stress).Results%MA with valgus stress was correlated with all radiographic parameters. %MA change was correlated with parameters except for MPTA and LJSW. Multiple regression analyses showed that %MA without valgus stress and MPTA were associated with both %MA with valgus stress and %MA change. When %MA with valgus stress was set at 30%, 40% and 50%, MPTA cutoff values were 81.6°, 83.5° and 84.9°, and cutoffs for %MA without valgus stress were 10.7%, 17.1% and 25.1%, respectively.ConclusionSmall MPTA is strongly associated with less alignment correction under valgus stress in varus knees. The finding is useful in surgical planning, especially to avoid undercorrection with UKA when valgus stress radiographs are unavailable.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Aesthetic Perceptions Regarding a Thyroidectomy Scar and Transvestibular Approach in Brazil
Authors: Agne Guilherme Reimann , Kohler Hugo Fontan , Lira Renan Bezerra , Belli Marcelo , Bento Gustavo Nunes , Viana Acklei , Kowalski Luiz Paulo 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveWe investigated motivation levels across the general Brazilian population and subgroups and their willingness to spend for surgery without a cervical scar.MethodsThis random‐sample survey was performed by a specialized third‐party research institute. In this study, we created a hypothetical thyroidectomy scenario, and the transcervical and transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) were used. The survey included sociocultural data and questions regarding participants' surgical preferences.ResultsData were obtained from 1250 participants; 42.4% were of the opinion that a cervical scar affects social or professional life. Young and childless women were most likely to be affected (p <0.001). All respondents accepted the transoral approach to avoid cervical scarring. However, 30.7% and 31.9% of respondents maintained their preference for TOETVA despite understanding the risks of a hypothetical increase in complications and unfavorable oncological outcomes and 98.6% were of the opinion that this approach was likely associated with greater postoperative pain. Only 16.2% were unwilling to spend for TOETVA. The variable that most affected patients' willingness to spend was a salary greater than 10 Brazilian minimum wages (odds ratio 9.797, 95% confidence interval, p <0.005). Upper class respondents were 10 times more likely to spend for TOETVA than lower class patients.ConclusionThis study highlights patients' interest in TOETVA. Cervical scar perception is affected by concerned about appearance, particularly in certain societal subgroups. Our study population showed significant motivation to undergo TOETVA, which was emphasized by their acceptance of the complication rate, poor postoperative outcomes, greater postoperative pain, and willingness to spend on surgery with an invisible scar.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:3862–3867, 2024
Broadband Generation of Fractional Perfect Optical Vortices via Plasmonic Metasurface
Authors: Zhao Airong , Zhang Yanzeng , Liu Mingze , Huo Pengcheng , Lu Yanqing , Xu Ting 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA fractional perfect optical vortex (FPOV) represents a class of structured light characterized by phase singularities carrying fractional orbital angular momentum (OAM). It manifests a notched annular intensity distribution, and notably, the size of this distribution remains independent of the topological charge. Conventional methods for generating FPOVs involve a series of cascaded bulk components, leading to optical aberrations due to alignment errors and impeding their integration into highly integrated devices. In this work, an experimental demonstration is presented of the broadband generation of FPOVs in the visible spectrum utilizing a monolithic plasmonic metasurface with phase‐only modulation. The metasurface allows for flexible control of various parameters of the FPOVs, including their topological charge, beam radius, ellipticity factor, orientation, and the number of opening gaps. Furthermore, as a proof‐of‐concept, an FPOV pair is utilized to encode a double‐digit hexadecimal number, showcasing the potential of a metasurface array for optical information encryption. This research establishes a highly integrated platform for FPOV generation, with implications for advancing their applications in optical information security.
Identifying virtual care modality in electronic health record data
Authors: Larson Annie E. , Stange Kurt C. , Heintzman John , Nishiike Yui , McGrath Brenda M. , Davis Melinda M. , Harvey S. Marie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundVirtual care increased dramatically during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The specific modality of virtual care (video, audio, eVisits, eConsults, and remote patient monitoring) has important implications for the accessibility and quality of care, but rates of use are relatively unknown. Methods for identifying virtual care modalities, especially in electronic health records (EHR) are inconsistent. This study (a) developed a method to identify virtual care modalities using EHR data and (b) described the distribution of these modalities over a 3‐year study period.MethodsEHR data from 316 primary care safety net clinics throughout the study period (4/1/2020‐3/31/2023) were included. Visit type (in‐person vs virtual) by adults >18 years old were classified. Expert consultation informed the development of two algorithms to classify virtual care visit modalities; these algorithms prioritized different EHR data elements. We conducted descriptive analyses comparing algorithms and the frequency of virtual care modalities.ResultsAgreement between the algorithms was 96.5% for all visits and 89.3% for virtual care visits. The majority of disagreement between the algorithms was among encounters scheduled as audio‐only but billed as a video visit. Restricting to visits where the algorithms agreed on visit modality, there were 2‐fold more audio‐only than video visits.ConclusionVisit modality classification varies depending upon which data in the EHR are prioritized. Regardless of which algorithm is utilized, safety net clinics rely on audio‐only and video visits to provide care in virtual visits. Elimination of reimbursement for audio visits may exacerbate existing inequities in care for low‐income patients.
Ablative fractional CO2 laser treatment promotes wound healing phenotype in skin macrophages
Authors: Wiinberg Martin , Andresen Thomas L. , Haedersdal Merete , Olesen Uffe H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesAblative fractional laser (AFL) treatment is a well‐established method for reducing signs of skin photoaging. However, the biological mechanisms underlying AFL‐induced healing responses and skin rejuvenation remain largely unknown. It is known that macrophages play an important role in orchestrating healing, normalization, and remodeling processes in skin. Macrophage phenotypes are characterized by inflammatory markers, including arginase‐1 (Arg1), major histocompatibility class II molecules (MHC II), and CD206. This study aims to explore AFL's effect on macrophage phenotype by evaluating changes in inflammatory markers and the potential concurrent accumulation of Arg1 in the skin.MethodsMice (n = 9) received a single AFL treatment on the left side of the back skin (100 mJ/microbeam, 5% density) while the right side of the back remained untreated as control. Treated and untreated skin from each mouse were collected Day 5 posttreatment for flow cytometry and histology analysis. Flow cytometry evaluated the immune infiltration of macrophages and the expression of macrophage inflammatory markers (Arg1, MHC II, and CD206). In addition, Arg1 presence in the skin was evaluated through antibody staining of histology samples and quantification was performed using QuPath image analysis software.ResultsFollowing AFL, the number of macrophages increased 11‐fold (p = 0.0053). Phenotype analysis of AFL‐treated skin revealed an increase in the percentage of macrophages positive for Arg1 (p < 0.0001) and a decrease in the percentage of macrophages positive for MHC II (p < 0.0001) compared to untreated skin. No significant differences were observed in percentage of CD206‐positive macrophages (p = 0.8952). Visualization of AFL‐treated skin demonstrated a distinct pattern of Arg1 accumulation that correlated with the microscopic treatment zones (MTZ). Quantification of the percentage of Arg1‐positive area in epidermis and dermis showed a significant increase from 3.5% ± 1.2% to 5.2% ± 1.7 (p = 0.0232) and an increase from 2.2% ± 1.2% to 9.6% ± 3.3 (p < 0.0001) in whole skin samples.ConclusionAFL treatment polarizes macrophages toward a wound healing phenotype and induces Arg1 accumulation in the MTZ. We propose that the polarized wound healing macrophages are a major source for the increased Arg1 levels observed in the skin following treatment.
Ultrastructural and glycoproteomic characterization of Prevotella intermedia: Insights into O‐glycosylation and outer membrane vesicles
Authors: Ye Xi , Paul Bindusmita , Mo Joyce , Reynolds Eric C. , Ghosal Debnath , Veith Paul D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPrevotella intermedia, a Gram‐negative bacterium from the Bacteroidota phylum, is associated with periodontitis. Other species within this phylum are known to possess the general O‐glycosylation system. The O‐glycoproteome has been characterized in several species, including Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Flavobacterium johnsoniae. In our study, we used electron cryotomography (cryoET) and glycoproteomics to reveal the ultrastructure of P. intermedia and characterize its O‐glycoproteome. Our cryoET analysis unveiled the ultrastructural details of the cell envelope and outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of P. intermedia. We observed an electron‐dense surface layer surrounding both cells and OMVs. The OMVs were often large (>200 nm) and presented two types, with lumens being either electron‐dense or translucent. LC‐MS/MS analyses of P. intermedia fractions led to the identification of 1655 proteins, which included 62 predicted T9SS cargo proteins. Within the glycoproteome, we identified 443 unique O‐glycosylation sites within 224 glycoproteins. Interestingly, the O‐glycosylation motif exhibited a broader range than reported in other species, with O‐glycosylation found at D(S/T)(A/I/L/M/T/V/S/C/G/F/N/E/Q/D/P). We identified a single O‐glycan with a delta mass of 1531.48 Da. Its sequence was determined by MS2 and MS3 analyses using both collision‐induced dissociation and high‐energy collisional dissociation fragmentation modes. After partial deglycosylation with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, the O‐glycan sequence was confirmed to be dHex‐dHex‐HexNAc (HPO3‐C6H12O5)‐dHex‐Hex‐HexA‐Hex(dHex). Bioinformatic analyses predicted the localization of O‐glycoproteins, with 73 periplasmic proteins, 53 inner membrane proteins, 52 lipoproteins, 26 outer membrane proteins, and 14 proteins secreted by the T9SS.
Segmented layered bistable piezoelectric laminates for enhanced energy harvesting from wind‐induced vibration
Authors: Liu Xiaohui , Yan Tao , Dai Fuhong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, a segmented layered bistable piezoelectric energy harvester (SBPEH) has been developed and thoroughly investigated for its wind energy harvesting capabilities. The SBPEH's performance was comprehensively evaluated through the creation of a detailed 3D finite element model using Abaqus and XFlow software, and further validated via rigorous wind tunnel experiments. The results of this research demonstrate the SBPEH's remarkable potential for wind energy harvesting. With a wide operational wind speed range, it achieved a maximum measured power output of 5.476 mW, coupled with an outstanding power density of 68.45 mW/cm3, both of which were realized at a wind speed of 13 m/s. It is worth noting that as the wind speed surpasses a specific threshold, the energy harvesting efficiency of the SBPEH experiences a decline, emphasizing the importance of identifying the optimal operational wind speed range for maximizing energy output. These findings offer valuable insights for the enhancement and application of SBPEHs, contributing to the advancement of renewable energy technologies and providing an eco‐friendly solution for power generation.Highlights
The study introduces a new segmented layered bistable piezoelectric energy harvester (SBPEH) design for wind energy harvesting, addressing the limitations of traditional harvesters.
Performance is evaluated through 3D finite element modeling, ABAQUS, Xflow simulations, and wind tunnel experiments.
The SBPEH operates efficiently across a broad wind speed range (6–14 m/s), showcasing optimal output power of 5.476 mW at 13 m/s.
Enhancement of dielectric properties of acrylic resin elastomer‐based composites with SiO2 loaded carbon nanotubes
Authors: Ma Ying‐Jie , Wang Jing‐Wen , Yang Jian‐Bao , Zhang Zi‐Long , Zhang Yang , Zhang Ming‐Yue , Tao Liang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe inherent balance between dielectric constant and loss restricts the actual usage of dielectric elastomer actuators with high actuation strains, proposing a method that can break this trade‐off has been an urgent query. In this work, silica‐loaded carbon nanotubes (called SiO2@CNT) were prepared as dopants for acrylic resin elastomers (abbreviated as ARE) using the sol–gel method, and the obtained SiO2@CNT/ARE composites reached a dielectric constant of 282.5 at 100 Hz at a filler content of 3.22 vol%, which is 86 times higher than that of the pure ARE, whereas the dielectric loss remains at 0.17. The equilibrium between dielectric constant and loss is broken mainly based on the loading of SiO2 which inhibits the formation of carbon nanotube conductive network and concurrently reinforces the compatibility of the filler with ARE. Such a design offers a generalizable strategy for the subsequent preparation of polymer‐based composite films with excellent dielectric properties.Highlights
Preparation of fillers with excellent dispersibility in the organic phase.
The ARE‐based composites exhibit excellent dielectric properties at 100 Hz.
The mechanism of increase in dielectric constant is explained using two models.
Assessment of E‐glass/epoxy prepreg aging via analytical, physical and mechanical techniques
Authors: Dobhal Saiyam , Das Supriya , Sharma Jagriti , Majee Swarup , Seetharaman S. , Rama Subba Reddy P. , Subrahmanyam Ch. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractE‐glass/epoxy prepregs are undisputedly a great advancement in processing and fabrication technology. They offer immense advantages over conventional composite manufacturing processes in terms of waste reduction and efficient manufacturing times. These prepregs are used in several industries including but not limited to automobile, construction, defense and aerospace. Their versatility and wide applicability however is shadowed by intricate storage and handling requirements. Prepregs usually need to be stored at below freezing temperatures and hence lose their chemical integrity during transportation if not handled properly leading to a lot of wastage and scrap generation. Therefore, it is essential to develop a rigorous regime in order to determine the shelf‐life and usability of these prepregs. Hereby, we report an extensive experimental design for assessing shelf‐life of commercially available prepregs using techniques like DSC and IR and corelating the findings with mechanical data. The degree of pre‐cure increased to 30% as a result of exposure to moisture over prolonged time and a substantial decrease in mechanical strength was observed. The shelf‐life was found to be about 7 weeks and a strong agreement between analytical and mechanical data was observed.Highlights
Analysis of prepreg aging under ambient and accelerated storage conditions.
Measurement of prepreg auto‐cure advancement using IR, Raman and DSC techniques.
Comprehensive assessment of effect of moisture and temperature on prepreg integrity and tackiness.
Co‐relation of spectroscopic and calorimetric data with mechanical properties of laminates prepared from aged prepregs
Estimation of prepreg shelf‐life on exposure to room temperature simulating conditions.
Polyethylene terephthalate bottles with excellent oxygen, water vapor barrier and mechanical performances prepared by injection and blow molding
Authors: Zhang Penghui , Tong Zeming , Yang Mengjing , Gong Lei , Liu Zhenguo , Chen Yanhui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this work, the oxygen barrier property of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films was enhanced by optimizing the “active” and “passive” synergistic barrier approaches, that is, integration of high barrier material polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and oxygen scavengers along with catalyst with PET before biaxially stretching the PET blended films. When the PEN content in the PET blended films reached 50 wt%, the oxygen permeability coefficient was significantly reduced to 0.9687 cc·mil·m−2·day−1·0.1 MPa−1, showing an enhancement of 117.4 times compared to the pure PET film. Furthermore, the water vapor permeability coefficient was reduced to 8.0208 g·mil·m−2·day−1, representing a 45.5% reduction in comparison to the pristine PET film. It also maintained a higher transverse and longitudinal tensile strength (110.5 and 127.2 MPa) than PET film only with oxygen scavengers and catalyst (53.5 and 78.0 MPa). This work presents a viable and practical approach to endow PET materials with simultaneously enhanced oxygen, water barrier performance, and mechanical property.Highlights
The OPC of PET film was as low as 0.9687 cc·mil·m−2·day−1·0.1 MPa−1.
The “active” and “passive” barrier techniques together reduced the OPC of PET film.
Dual‐Emission Fluorescent Carbon Dots Grafted by Rhodamine‐B for Selective Detection of Iron Ion and Bioimaging in Cell
Authors: Hu Xiaoyan , Zou Hao , Zhuang Renjie , Cao Jun , Pan Jiaqi , Li Chaorong , Zheng Yingying 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRhodamine‐B grafted carbon dots (RhB‐CDs) with double emission fluorescence are developed , one of which has excitation dependence, while the other have not. The prepared RhB‐CDs have good dispersibility, uniform spherical shape, and excellent water solubility. They could be used to specifically detect Fe3+ ions in an aqueous solution with the detection limit of 1.1 × 10−6 m and with good anti‐interference ability, because Fe3+ ions are easier to combine with hydroxyl groups on the surface of RhB‐CDs to form aggregates (such as ferric hydroxide) than other metal ions, which lead to the fluorescence quenching of RhB‐CDs. Fe3+ ions not only quench the fluorescence intensity of both double emission peaks of RhB‐CDs, but also change the relative fluorescence intensity of these two fluorescence emission peaks. Therefore, two different fluorescence analysis methods are used to specifically identify iron ions and the results are consistent with each other. At the same time, the double emission fluorescent RhB‐CDs have low hemolysis rate and cytotoxicity, indicating that RhB‐CDs do little harm to cells and are further used to detect Fe3+ ions in cells through fluorescence bioimaging. All of the above indicates that the prepared RhB‐CDs would have potential application value in detecting iron ions in blood and cells.