bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
cycloSal Phosphates as Chemical Trojan Horses for Intracellular Nucleotide and Glycosylmonophosphate Delivery — Chemistry Meets Biology
Authors: Meier Chris 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Modern Ate Chemistry: Applications of Synergic Mixed Alkali‐Metal—Magnesium or —Zinc Reagents in Synthesis and Structure Building
Authors: Mulvey Robert E. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Marine Natural Products
Authors: Blunt John W. , Copp Brent R. , Munro Murray H. G. , Northcote Peter T. , Prinsep Michele R. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Recent Trends in Chemistry of Thiazolopyridines
Authors: El‐Gaby M. S. A. , Al‐Sehemi A. G. , Mohamed Y. A. , Ammar Y. A. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Carboxylic‐Substituted Polychlorotriphenylmethyl Radicals: New Organic Building Blocks to Design Nanoporous Magnetic Molecular Materials
Authors: Maspoch Daniel , Domingo Neus , Ruiz‐Molina Daniel , Wurst Klaus , Tejada Javier , Rovira Concepcio , Veciana Jaume 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
CO Oxidation over an Au Catalyst—State of Art
Authors: Dobrosz Izabela , Kocemba Ireneusz , Rynkowski Jacek M. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Dermal Delivery
Authors: Mueller R. H. , Mehnert W. , Souto E. B. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Direct Substitution of the Hydroxy Group in Alcohols with Silyl Nucleophiles Catalyzed by Indium Trichloride
Authors: Kellogg Richard M. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantioselective Catalytic Allylation of Carbonyl Groups: Umpolung of π‐Allyl Palladium Complexes
Authors: Patil Nitin T. , Yamamoto Yoshinori 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Aerobic Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Cyanation of Tertiary Amines with Sodium Cyanide
Authors: Kellogg Richard M. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Nano‐Au/Oxide Support Catalysts in Oxidation Reactions: Provenance of Active Oxygen Species
Authors: Grzybowska‐Swierkosz Barbara 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Cyclopropanation of Chiral (1‐Phosphoryl)vinyl Sulfoxides: A New Approach to Constrained Analogues of Biologically Active Compounds
Authors: Mikolajczyk Marian 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel Chiral Functionalized N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes and Their Rhodium(I) Complexes: Applications in Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Michon Christophe , Angelici Robert J. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Encapsulation of Cationic Organometallic Guests by a Chiral Self‐Assembled Supramolecular Cage: Enantioselective Binding, Dynamic Resolution, and Selective C—H Bond Activation
Authors: Pluth Michael D. , Bergman G. , Raymond Kenneth N. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Discovery of Fused Azetidines as Novel Selective Neuronal Nicotinic Receptor (NNR) Agonists
Authors: Ji Jianguo , Bunnelle William H. , Li Tao , Pace Jennifer M. , Schrimpf Michael R. , Sippy Kevin B. , Anderson David J. , Meyer Michael D. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis, Structure, and Chemistry of Selenium‐Containing 4‐Membered Rings
Authors: Block Eric , Dikarev Evgeny V. , Jin Jin , Li Bo , Petrukhina Marina A. , Zhang Shao‐Zhong 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Dual Enantioselective Control by Heterocycles of (S)‐Indoline Derivatives
Authors: Kim Yong Hae , Jung Doo Young , Youn So Won , Kim Sam Min , Park Doo Han 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Dissociative Recombination of Hydrocarbon Ions
Authors: Viggiano A. A. , Ehlerding A. , Arnold S. T. , Larsson M. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Self‐Assembled Fluorescent Chemosensors
Authors: Mancin Fabrizio , Rampazzo Enrico , Tecilla Paolo , Tonellato Umberto 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Metal‐Organic Frameworks — Prospective Industrial Applications
Authors: Mueller U. , Schubert M. , Teich F. , Puetter H. , Schierle‐Arndt K. , Pastre J. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs): Improved Land Treatment with Bioaugmentation
Authors: Prichard Hap , Jones‐Meehan Joanne , Nestler Cathy , Hansen Lance D. , Straube William , Jones William , Hind John , Talley Jeffrey W. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Emerging Biorefining Platform: Lignocellulosic Biomass Processing Using Reactive Fractionation Technology
Authors: Wingerson Richard , Lehrburger Ed , Lehrburger Carl 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Mechanistic Aspects of Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Hydrogen Transfer Reactions
Authors: Samec Joseph S. M. , Baeckvall Jan‐E. , Andersson Pher G. , Brandt Peter 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
NMR Techniques for the Investigation of Solvation Phenomena and Noncovalent Interactions
Authors: Bagno Alessandro , Rastrelli Federico , Saielli Giacomo 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Integration of CD28 and CTLA‐4 function results in differential responses of T cells to CD80 and CD86
Authors: Manzotti Claire N. , Liu Michael K. P. , Burke Fiona , Dussably Laure , Zheng Yong , Sansom David M. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractCD80 and CD86 have the capacity to either stimulate or inhibit T cell responses through their receptors CD28 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte‐associated antigen 4 (CTLA‐4). Blockade of CD80 and CD86 in autoimmune disease settings has revealed distinct outcomes, yet the differential functions of CD80 and CD86 are still unclear. We have studied the ability of individual ligands to stimulate primary responses in human CD4+ T cells. Our data reveal both quantitative and qualitative differences between the ligands. Both CD80 and CD86 demonstrated the capacity to costimulate T cell proliferation. However, CD80 committed a greater number of T cells to divide with faster kinetics, consistent with it being a superior ligand for CD28. Once cell division had been initiated, all T cells undergoing cell division expressed CTLA‐4, irrespective of whether CD80 or CD86 costimulation was used. However, only in the presence of CD80 was evidence of CTLA‐4 engagement and inhibitory function observed. Finally, differences between CD80 and CD86 costimulation extended to the T cell phenotype, in particular the levels of CD40 ligand expression.
Effects of dexamethazone on LPS‐induced activationand migration of mouse dendritic cells revealed by a genome‐wide transcriptional analysis
Authors: Vizzardelli Caterina , Pavelka Norman , Luchini Alessandra , Zanoni Ivan , Bendickson Lee , Pelizzola Mattia , Beretta Ottavio , Foti Maria , Granucci Francesca , Nilsen‐Hamilton Marit , Ricciardi‐Castagnoli Paola 
Published: May 2006

AbstractWhile lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induce dendritic cell (DC) maturation and migration to lymph nodes, glucocorticoids such as dexamethazone (Dex) have a profound suppressive effect on immune response. The mechanisms that might control this suppressive effect of Dex have been extensively investigated in lymphocytes as possible targets. Much less is known on the effects of Dex on DC, although they are recognized to regulate immunity. To get insights into possible combined effects of Dex and LPS on DC functions, we have undertaken a genome‐wide analysis of differentially expressed genes of DC treated with Dex alone, LPS alone, or both, using high‐density oligonucleotide microarrays. Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis (PCA) agreed in identifying 24 h as the time point that best discriminated the three treatments. Among the counteracting effects we have observed an inhibition of Dex on the LPS‐induced up‐regulation of the chemokine receptor CCR7. In vivo, Dex treatment blocked the LPS‐induced migration of DC, which lost their ability to reach the draining lymph nodes. In addition, we observed a synergistic effect of Dex and LPS on the expression of the secreted lipocalin 24p3, which has been reported to induce apoptosis in T cells and thus may be related to immune suppression.
Evidence that a significant number of naive T cells enter non‐lymphoid organs as part of a normal migratory pathway
Authors: Cose Stephen , Brammer Clair , Khanna Kamal M. , Masopust David , Lefrançois Leo 
Published: May 2006

AbstractOnly activated and effector memory T cells are thought to access non‐lymphoid tissues. In contrast, naive T cells are thought to circulate only between the blood, lymph and secondary lymphoid organs. We examined the phenotype of endogenous T cells in various non‐lymphoid organs and showed that a subset of cells exhibited an apparently naive phenotype and were functionally inactive. FTY720 treatment selectively depleted this population from the non‐lymphoid tissues. In addition, RAG‐deficient TCR transgenic CD4 and CD8 T cells were present in non‐lymphoid tissues in bone marrow chimeric mice and in situ imaging analysis revealed their location in the parenchymal tissues. Moreover, migration of TCR transgenic T cells to non‐lymphoid tissues after adoptive transfer was pertussis‐toxin resistant. Overall, the results suggest that naive T cells may circulate through non‐lymphoid tissues as part of their normal migratory pathway.
Alloiococcus otitidis is a ligand for collectins and Toll‐like receptor 2, and its phagocytosis is enhanced by collectins
Authors: Konishi Masanori , Nishitani Chiaki , Mitsuzawa Hiroaki , Shimizu Takeyuki , Sano Hitomi , Harimaya Atsushi , Fujii Nobuhiro , Himi Tetsuo , Kuroki Yoshio 
Published: May 2006

AbstractAlloiococcus otitidis has been found to be associated with otitis media with effusion. In this study we investigated whether TLR2 and collectins, surfactant protein A (SP‐A) and mannose‐binding lectin (MBL), interacted with A. otitidis. Both SP‐A and MBL bound to A. otitidis in a Ca2+‐dependent manner. A. otitidis induced IL‐8 secretion from U937 cells and NF‐κB activation in TLR2‐transfected HEK293 cells. However, the cells transfected with the mutant TLR2P681H did not respond to A. otitidis. In addition, A. otitidis co‐sedimented a recombinant soluble form of the extracellular TLR2 domain, indicating direct binding of the bacterium to TLR2. SP‐A and MBL augmented the phagocytosis of A. otitidis by J774A.1 cells. The collectin‐stimulated phagocytosis of A. otitidis was significantly attenuated when fucoidan and polyinosinic acid were co‐incubated. Immunoblotting analysis revealed that MBL was present in the middle ear effusion from patients with otitis media. These results demonstrate that A. otitidis is a ligand for the collectins and TLR2, and that the collectins enhance the phagocytosis of A. otitidis by macrophages, suggesting important roles of the collectins and TLR2 in the innate immunity of the middle ear against A. otitidis infection.
Functional impairment of cytotoxic T cells in the lung airways following respiratory virus infections
Authors: Vallbracht Simone , Unsöld Heike , Ehl Stephan 
Published: May 2006

AbstractWe investigated the differentiation phenotype and function of virus‐specific and non‐specific CTL that were recruited to the lung parenchyma and the bronchoalveolar space after respiratory virus infections. Soon after virus elimination, we observed functional impairment of CTL isolated from the airways in their ability to produce IFN‐γ and TNF‐α and to lyse target cells. Impaired cytotoxicity was due to a reduced content of granzyme B and a reduced ability to mobilize lytic granules. This impairment in effector functions (a) was largely restricted to CTL in the lung airways, (b) affected both CTL specific for the infecting virus as well as those that were recruited non‐specifically to the inflamed lung, (c) was independent of contact between CTL and their specific viral antigen, (d) was not restricted to terminally differentiated CTL but also affected resting memory CTL and (e) could be elicited by both respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus and thus seemed to be largely independent of the infecting virus. These observations suggest that functional impairment of antiviral T cells in the lung is not the consequence of a viral escape strategy. It may rather result from the particular milieu in the bronchoalveolar space and reflect a host mechanism to prevent excessive pulmonary inflammation.
BLIMP‐1 is a target of cellular stress and downstream of the unfolded protein response
Authors: Doody Gina M. , Stephenson Sophie , Tooze Reuben M. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractB lymphocyte‐induced maturation protein‐1 (BLIMP‐1) acts during differentiation of B cells and monocytes, but was originally identified as a repressor of the IFN‐β promoter induced during viral infection. A central regulator of the intracellular response to viral infection is the interferon‐inducible double‐stranded RNA activated protein kinase (PKR). PKR belongs to a family of kinases that phosphorylate the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2‐alpha (eIF2α) and activate common downstream signaling pathways. PERK, the endoplasmic reticulum resident PKR‐homologue, is activated during the unfolded protein response (UPR), a stress response involved in both macrophage activation and terminal B‐cell differentiation. This suggested that BLIMP‐1 might be a target of stress responses involving PERK. We demonstrate that BLIMP‐1 is rapidly up‐regulated during the UPR in human myeloid and B‐cell lines. This response is conserved in murine B‐cells and murine macrophages, in which mimics of physiological stress and classical activation stimuli also induce Blimp‐1. During the UPR, BLIMP‐1 mRNA is induced at the level of transcription. This response is dependent on an intact PERK signaling pathway, independent of new protein synthesis and blocked by an inhibitor of NF‐κB. Our data provide evidence for a novel pathway linking cellular stress to BLIMP‐1, a regulator of differentiation in macrophages and B cells.
Colitogenic and non‐colitogenic commensal bacteria differentially trigger DC maturation and Th cell polarization: An important role for IL‐6
Authors: Frick Julia S. , Zahir Naima , Müller Martina , Kahl Frauke , Bechtold Oliver , Lutz Manfred B. , Kirschning Carsten J. , Reimann Jörg , Jilge Burghard , Bohn Erwin , Autenrieth Ingo B. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractWe investigated whether commensal bacteria modulate activation and maturation of bone marrow‐derived DC and their ability to prime CD4+ T cells. We used Escherichia coli mpk, which induces colitis in gnotobiotic IL‐2‐deficient (IL‐2–/–) mice, and Bacteroides vulgatus mpk, which prevents E. coli‐induced colitis. Stimulation of DC with E. coli induced TNF‐α, IL‐12 and IL‐6 secretion and expression of activation markers. Moreover, stimulation of DC with E. coli increased T cell activation and led to Th1 polarization. Stimulation with B. vulgatus led only to secretion of IL‐6, and DC were driven into a semi‐mature state with low expression of activation markers and did not promote Th1 responses. B. vulgatus‐induced semi‐mature DC were non‐responsive to stimulation by E. coli in terms of maturation, T cell priming and TNF‐α but not IL‐6 production. The non‐responsiveness of B. vulgatus‐stimulated DC was abrogated by addition of anti‐IL‐6 mAb or mimicked with rIL‐6. These data suggest that B. vulgatus‐induced IL‐6 drives DC into a semi‐mature state in which they are non‐responsive to proinflammatory activation by E. coli. This in vitro mechanism might contribute to the prevention of E. coli‐triggered colitis development by B. vulgatus in vivo; high IL‐6 mRNA expression was consistently found in B. vulgatus‐colonized or B. vulgatus/E. coli co‐colonized IL‐2–/– mice and was associated with absence of colitis.
Persistent antigenic stimulation alters the transcription program in T cells, resulting in antigen‐specific tolerance
Authors: Anderson Per O. , Manzo Barbara A. , Sundstedt Anette , Minaee Sophie , Symonds Alistair , Khalid Sabah , Rodriguez‐Cabezas Maria E. , Nicolson Kirsty , Li Suling , Wraith David C. , Wang Ping 
Published: May 2006

AbstractRepetitive antigen stimulation induces peripheral T cell tolerance in vivo. It is not known, however, whether multiple stimulations merely suppress T cell activation or, alternatively, change the transcriptional program to a distinct, tolerant state. In this study, we have discovered that STAT3 and STAT5 were activated in response to antigen stimulation in vivo, in marked contrast to the suppression of AP‐1, NF‐κB and NFAT. In addition, a number of transcription factors were induced in tolerant T cells following antigen challenge in vivo, including T‐bet, Irf‐1 and Egr‐2. The altered transcription program in tolerant cells associates closely with the suppression of cell cycle progression and IL‐2 production, as well as with the induction of IL‐10. Studies of T‐bet and Egr‐2 show that the function of T‐bet in peptide treatment‐induced regulatory T cells is not associated with Th1 differentiation, but correlates with the suppression of IL‐2, whereas expression of Egr‐2 led to an up‐regulation of the cell cycle inhibitors p21cip1 and p27kip. Our results demonstrate a balanced transcription program regulated by different transcription factors for T cell activation and/or tolerance during antigen‐induced T cell responses. Persistent antigen stimulation can induce T cell tolerance by changing the balance of transcription factors.See accompanying commentary http://www.dx.doi.org/10.1002/eji.200636171
The hidden truth about gene expression in Tregs: Is it what you don't see that counts?
Authors: Cobbold Stephen P. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA population of IL‐10 secreting regulatory T cells (PI‐Tregs) can be induced in a mouse TCR transgenic model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by intranasal administration of the N‐terminal peptide of myelin basic protein. A paper in this issue of the European Journal of Immunology identifies patterns of gene expression that distinguish PI‐Treg from naïve T cells after activation in vivo. PI‐Tregs are anergic and the expression of egr2 may be involved in regulation of the cell cycle. The surprising expression of the Th1 determining gene T‐bet in PI‐Tregs may be functionally relevant as transfection of T‐bet into a hybridoma induced some genes associated with regulatory T cells, such as tlr2 and gzmb. In this commentary, PI‐Tregs are considered in comparison to other Tregs, such as the natural CD4+CD25+ and Tr1 cells, and there seems to be considerable overlap in gene expression between all three Treg populations, but also with both Th1 and Th2 cells. It is suggested that regulatory activity may be a common feature of all activated T cells and that a defining principle of a Treg is the lack of effector functions due to a partial or incomplete differentiation to either Th1 or Th2.See accompanying article http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eji.200635883
Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetic Properties of Hydroxo‐Bridged Vanadium Oxalate V2O2(OH)2(C2O4)(H2O)2
Authors: Yang Sihai , Li Guobao , Tian Shujian , Liao Fuhui , Lin Jianhua 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe reaction of V2O5 with H2C2O4·2H2O in the presence of H3BO3 under hydrothermal conditions has afforded V2O2(OH)2(C2O4)(H2O)2 (1), which crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P$\bar {1}$ with a = 5.2405(10) Å, b = 5.7340(11) Å, c = 7.1778(14) Å, α = 76.44(3)°, β = 69.37(3)°, γ = 75.37(3)°. The vanadium atoms in 1 form dimers by sharing edges consisting of μ‐OH groups, and these dimers are connected further by oxalate ligands to form chains. The magnetic susceptibility data of 1 fit excellently with the Heisenberg dimer model in the temperature interval 2–300 K. Compound 1 is antiferromagnetic with a J value of –29.6 cm–1. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)