bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Healing of articular cartilage defects. An experimental study of vascular and minimal vascular microenvironment
Authors: Årøen Asbjørn , Heir Stig , Løken Sverre , Engebretsen Lars , Reinholt Finn P. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe repair potential in a chondral defect with (treatment A) or without access to bone marrow elements (treatment B) at the basis of the defect sealed by a rim‐sutured periosteal flap was studied using adult New Zealand rabbits (22 weeks) as an experimental model. At sacrifice, macroscopical changes, synovial fluid contents, degree of filling, thickness of the cartilage rim, and the subchondral bone were evaluated. Histomorphometric measurements of extent of filling (mainly fibrous tissue) of the defect at 36 weeks postoperatively, showed 50% filling in treatment A compared with 33% in treatment B (p = 0.011). A difference in height of the cartilage rim between the experimental groups and sham‐control was measured ( p = 0.005). Cartilage degeneration was observed at the cartilage rim of the original defect, and included loss of chondrocytes and disruption of surface continuity in both experimental groups. In addition, treatment A resulted in a significantly increased thickness of the subchondral bone in the defect in comparison to treatment B at 2 weeks and at 36 weeks (p = 0.021). The increased thickness of the subchondral bone may be of concern for the bone marrow stimulation techniques regarding the long‐term outcome. © 2006 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
Influence of Reactice Processing on the Properties of PP/Glass Fiber Composites Compatibilized with Silane
Authors: Felix Afonso H. O. , Cardozo Nilo S. M. , Nachtigall Sonia M. B. , Mauler Raquel S. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractSummary: Composites of PP reinforced with 20 wt.‐% of short glass fibers were prepared by extrusion using VTES as a coupling agent. The addition of VTES was performed via in‐situ functionalization of PP and by a two‐step process in which PP was functionalized before the composite preparation. The obtained samples were characterized using rheometry, mechanical tests and microscopy. Both processes allowed the fiber/matrix interaction to increase. It was found that the VTES content affected the viscosity of the system by means of three different mechanisms: reduction of β‐scission reactions, decrease of fiber sliding and plasticizing effect on the matrix. Whereas the first two mechanisms increased the viscosity of the final composite after unreacted VTES removal, the third one reduced the viscosity during the process and contributed to fiber‐length preservation. The effects of VTES and peroxide contents on the Young's modulus were closely related to their effects on the final fiber length, indicating the effectiveness of using VTES as a coupling agent. Comparison between in‐situ functionalization and the two‐step process with prefunctionalization showed that in‐situ functionalization led to a lower degree of chain breakage, even when it was performed in the presence of peroxide.Scanning electron micrographs of PP/glass fiber composite prepared without coupling agent.magnified imageScanning electron micrographs of PP/glass fiber composite prepared without coupling agent.
Flow, enduring, and situational involvement in the Web environment: A tripartite second‐order examination
Authors: Huang Ming‐Hui 
Published: April 2006

AbstractFlow, a construct borrowed from reference disciplines, has been proposed as the central process in Web navigation. However, when flow is applied directly to the context of marketing, it suffers from conceptual ambiguity and overlap with the popular marketing construct, involvement. The present study aims to provide a clear framework within which to delineate the relationship between flow and involvement, and thus develop a better theoretical basis that incorporates the flow construct into Internet marketing. This study first distinguishes explicitly between flow, enduring involvement, and situational involvement. It then operationalizes these constructs with the use of customary measures to disclose their unique and common characteristics. Finally, a second‐order confirmatory factor analysis allowing measurement errors is used to identify explicitly the tripartite relationship between the three constructs. The conceptual and operational implications are discussed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Herding in online product choice
Authors: Huang Jen‐Hung , Chen Yi‐Fen 
Published: April 2006

AbstractPrevious research has shown that people are influenced by others when making decisions. This work presents three studies examining herding in product choices on the Internet. The first two studies addressed how two cues frequently found on the Internet, that is, sales volume and customer reviews, influence consumer on‐line product choices. The third study examined the relative effectiveness of two recommendation sources. The experimental results revealed that subjects used the choices and evaluations of others as cues for making their own choices. However, herding effects are offset significantly by negative comments from others. Additionally, the recommendations of other consumers influence the choices of subjects more effectively than recommendations from an expert. Finally, implications of this work are discussed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Interactive continuously moving table (iCMT) large field‐of‐view real‐time MRI
Authors: Sabati M. , Lauzon M.L. , Mahallati H. , Frayne R. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractContinuously moving table (CMT) MRI is a new method that is capable of generating 3D, seamless, large field‐of‐view (FOV) images by acquiring readouts along the patient superior–inferior axis as the subject is translated through the scanner. For applications that require artifact‐free images, such as arterial‐phase contrast‐enhanced (CE) angiography of the legs, a major challenge is to match the MR data acquisition and patient table motion with the dynamics of blood flow in the region of interest (ROI). Instead of restricting the CMT to predetermined constant table speeds, we adopted a more general approach in which the table motion is decoupled from the phase‐encoding order. In our approach the table moves adaptively and in response to operator‐provided feedback obtained from viewing real‐time preview (or fluoroscopic) images. This interactivity is accomplished by integrating high temporal‐spatial resolution encoding of the table position with real‐time hybrid‐space filling and image reconstruction. Experimental results obtained using our prototype interactive CMT (iCMT) system on a peripheral vascular phantom and five healthy volunteers demonstrate the feasibility of this robust and rapid imaging method for acquiring 3D large‐FOV continuous images with patient‐specific adaptive table motion profiles. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fast CT‐PRESS‐based spiral chemical shift imaging at 3 Tesla
Authors: Mayer Dirk , Kim Dong‐Hyun , Adalsteinsson Elfar , Spielman Daniel M. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractA new sequence is presented that combines constant‐time point‐resolved spectroscopy (CT‐PRESS) with fast spiral chemical shift imaging. It allows the acquisition of multivoxel spectra without line splitting with a minimum total measurement time of less than 5 min for a field of view of 24 cm and a nominal 1.5 × 1.5‐cm2 in‐plane resolution. Measurements were performed with 17 CS encoding steps in t1 (Δt1 = 12.8 ms) and an average echo time of 151 ms, which was determined by simulating the CT‐PRESS experiment for the spin systems of glutamate (Glu) and myo‐inositol (mI). Signals from N‐acetyl‐aspartate, total creatine, choline‐containing compounds (Cho), Glu, and mI were detected in a healthy volunteer with no or only minor baseline distortions within 14 min on a 3 T MR scanner. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Melt flow properties, mechanical properties, thermal properties and morphology of polycarbonate/highly branched polystyrene blends
Authors: Li Aiying , Chang Jieyun , Wang Kaiquan , Lu Lude , Yang Xujie , Wang Xing 
Published: April 2006

AbstractA highly branched polystyrene (HBPS) was synthesized via the copolymerization of 4‐(chloromethyl) styrene with styrene using the self‐condensing atom transfer radical polymerization method. The addition of HBPS as a melt modifier for polycarbonate (PC) was attempted. Melt flow properties, mechanical properties, thermal properties and morphology of the blends were studied. The results showed that a significant drop in the blend viscosity occurs immediately on addition of HBPS. Impact strength, tensile strength and glass transition temperature (Tg) of all the blends have not been significantly reduced compared with those of pure PC. The TGA analyses showed that an initial weight loss temperature of all the blends is above 458 °C and slightly low compared with that of pure PC, but all the blends still have excellent thermal stability. Morphological studies using SEM showed that a two‐phase morphology is characteristic of all the blends, with more or less spherical droplets of the minor HBPS phase dispersed in the continuous PC phase. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
Decolorization of Denim Fabrics with Cold Plasmas in the Presence of Magnetic Fields
Authors: Ghoranneviss Mahmood , Moazzenchi Bahareh , Shahidi Sheila , Anvari Abbas , Rashidi Abosaeed 
Published: April 2006

AbstractSummary:Denim jeans have consistently been fashionable around the world. This fabric inspired strong opinions from historians, teenagers, and movie stars, and has acquired different styles throughout the years. Most jeans today are stonewashed; this technique first become popular in 1970. Now, in addition to pumice stones, enzymes are used on the cotton fabrics to create the stonewashed look. Nowadays, plasma treatment is a cost‐effective and environment‐friendly process which is able to modify the properties of the fabric surface in order to achieve this effect. Plasma surface treatment changes the properties of the fabric up to a limited depth (several molecular layers), leaving the bulk properties of even the most delicate materials unchanged. In this study, we have investigated the effect of low‐temperature Argon plasmas on the decolorizing of denim surfaces. The denim fabrics were placed on a copper cathode and were exposed to the plasmas for different periods of time, varying from 2.5 to 15 min. The homogeneity of the plasma was secured by means of a magnetic field. The results, which were very good decolorized, varnished surfaces of the fabrics will be discussed.Photographs of denim samples before (top) and after (bottom) a treatment with a low‐temperature Ar plasma.magnified imagePhotographs of denim samples before (top) and after (bottom) a treatment with a low‐temperature Ar plasma.
Development of a liquid chromatography/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometric method for the simultaneous determination of trichothecenes, zearalenone and aflatoxins in foodstuffs
Authors: Tanaka Hiroki , Takino Masahiko , Sugita‐Konishi Yoshiko , Tanaka Toshitsugu 
Published: April 2006

AbstractA liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (LC/APCI‐MS) method based on time‐of‐flight MS (TOFMS) with a real‐time reference mass correction technique was developed for the simultaneous determination of Fusarium mycotoxins (nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, fusarenon X, 3‐acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15‐acetyldeoxynivalenol, HT‐2 toxin, T‐2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol, zearalenone) and Aspergillus mycotoxins (aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2) in corn, wheat, cornflakes and biscuits. Samples were cleaned up with a MultiSep #226 column. Detection of the mycotoxins was carried out in exact mass chromatograms with a mass window of 0.03 Th. Calibration curves were linear from 2 to 200 ng · mL−1 for trichothecenes and zearalenone, and 0.2 to 20 ng · mL−1 for aflatoxins, by 20 µL injection. The limits of detection ranged from 0.1 to 6.1 ng · g−1 in foodstuffs analyzed in this study. The LC/TOFMS method was found to be suitable for the screening of multiple mycotoxins in foodstuffs rapidly and with high sensitivity, and its performance was demonstrated for the confirmation for target mycotoxins. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Derivatization by 6‐aminoquinolyl‐N‐hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate for enhancing the ionization yield of small peptides and glycopeptides in matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Ullmer Roman , Plematl Alexander , Rizzi Andreas 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe characterization of glycosylation in proteins by mass spectrometry (MS) is often impeded by strong suppression of ionization of glycopeptides in the presence of non‐glycosylated peptides. Glycopeptides with a large carbohydrate part and a short peptide backbone are particularly affected by this problem. To meet the goal of generating mass spectra exhibiting glycopeptide coverages as complete as possible, derivatization of glycopeptides offers a practical way to increase their ionization yield. This paper investigated derivatization with 6‐aminoquinolyl‐N‐hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate (AQC) which is a rapid labeling technique commonly used for fluorescence detection in high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE). As test samples we used peptides and glycopeptides obtained by enzymatic digestion of three different glycoproteins, i.e., human antithrombin, chicken ovalbumin, and bovine α1‐acid‐glycoprotein. It was found that AQC derivatization resulted in strongly increased signal intensities when analyzing small peptides and glycopeptides by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)‐MS. For these compounds the limit of detection could be reduced to low fmol amounts. Without derivatization only glycopeptides containing large peptide backbones were detected by MALDI‐MS. This effect was even significant when glycopeptides were pre‐separated and enriched by means of lectin affinity chromatography before MALDI‐MS analysis and when using electrospray ionization (ESI). This labeling method, applied in combination with MS detection for the first time, was found to be well suited for the enhancement of detection sensitivity for small glycopeptides in MALDI‐MS analysis and thus for reducing the need for pre‐separation steps. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Managing beyond the factory walls: Effects of four types of strategic integration on manufacturing plant performance
Authors: Swink Morgan , Narasimhan Ram , Wang Cynthia 
Published: April 2006

AbstractIn this paper we focus on the integration of strategic objectives and process knowledge that a manufacturing factory collects from its external interfaces. Using data from a variety of manufacturing industries, this study examines four different types of strategic integration at the manufacturing plant level. We use a path analytic approach to simultaneously assess the contributions of the various types of integration to manufacturing‐based competitive capabilities and business level performance. In addition, we examine the intervening roles that manufacturing‐based competitive capabilities play in mediating the relationships between strategic integration and business performance. We find that each type of integration activity has unique benefits and detriments. These findings extend prior studies of manufacturing and supply chain integration by broadening the theory relating to strategic integration. The results also provide implications for manufacturing managers who seek to design integration policies and associated resource deployments.
Chinese academic journals: quality, issues and solutions
Authors: Shuhua Wang , Weldon Paul R. 
Published: April 2006

ABSTRACTTwelve Chinese academic journals, indexed by SCI and financed by the National Natural Science Foundation (NNSF), were analysed using the 2000–2003 Total Citations and Impact Factor data from JCR. It is concluded that the quality of Chinese journals is generally low and has remained so despite recent government measures aimed at improvement. Several factors are influential – particularly the Chinese government's policy of encouraging submission to foreign journals. Finance, management, and the academic degree policy are also obstacles. It is suggested that the Chinese government should reconsider its current policies so as to encourage higher quality in domestic periodicals and thus a greater recognition of Chinese journals by the international academic community.
Self‐archiving practice and the influence of publisher policies in the social sciences
Authors: Antelman Kristin 
Published: April 2006

ABSTRACTAuthors in different disciplines exhibit very different behaviours on the so‐called ‘green’ road to open access, i.e. self‐archiving. This study looks at the self‐archiving behaviour of authors publishing in leading journals in six social science disciplines. It tests the hypothesis that authors are self‐archiving according to the norms of their respective disciplines rather than following self‐archiving policies of publishers, and that, as a result, they are self‐archiving significant numbers of publisher PDF versions. It finds significant levels of self‐archiving, as well as significant self‐archiving of the publisher PDF version, in all the disciplines investigated. Publishers' self‐archiving policies have no influence on author self‐archiving practice.
Book Reviews
Authors: Oppenheim Charles , Oppenheim Charles 
Published: April 2006

Digital Copyright by Paul Pedley Facet Publishing, 2005, 134 pp. Electronic book. Available for single user (ISBN 1‐85604‐573‐0; £34.95 plus VAT) or single‐site licence for a single geographical location (ISBN 1‐85604‐559‐5; £175.00 plus VAT).The Access Principle: The Case for Open Access to Research and Scholarship by John Willinsky MIT Press 2005, ISBN 0 262 23242 1, £22.95 hardback, 290pp
The past, present and future of scientific and technical journals of China
Authors: Xian Jia 
Published: April 2006

ABSTRACTThe early days of the People's Republic of China saw the development of science and technology at home with an accompanying development of scientific and technical journals. A succession of natural disasters then weakened the economy and many journals had to cease publication. The disruption of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution followed and only twenty journals survived. Since the opening up of the economy the Chinese government has supported scientific and technical journals and these have developed rapidly. There are now a large number of journals but many of them are still of low quality and little impact, and too few are in English. The number in English will now increase considerably, as will their international influence.
Using digital libraries to provide online access to social science journals in Latin America
Authors: Babini Dominique , Smart Pippa 
Published: April 2006

ABSTRACTThere is a strong history of social science research within Latin America, but its visibility (both within and outside the region) has been low for reasons of language and print distribution. The introduction of the Internet and online publication makes this information potentially more visible to the global research community, and within Latin America several organizations have undertaken to exploit this opportunity. The approaches taken show how collaboration between countries, and particularly between librarians and publishers, can provide innovative solutions. The CLACSO project uses a digital library model as a publishing platform for its member journals and this has provided a successful – and hopefully sustainable – model.
MedBiquitous and journal publishers: scholarly content and online medical communities
Authors: Smothers Valerie , Clarke Michael , Van Dyck Craig 
Published: April 2006

ABSTRACTMedBiquitous is a consortium whose members are working to develop a common technology framework that will support reforms in healthcare education and competence assessment. The mission of MedBiquitous is to advance healthcare education through technology standards that promote professional competence, collaboration, and better patient care. The consortium members include professional medical associations, technology companies, e‐learning firms, and publishers, among others. Two publishers actively working within MedBiquitous are John Wiley & Sons, Inc., and the American Academy of Pediatrics, who are pursuing their own objectives to help to create improved online medical communities.
Core issues in pricing models for scholarly journals: a qualitative overview
Authors: Chesler Adam 
Published: April 2006

ABSTRACTRhetoric about the ideal pricing model for scholarly content is often both strident and ill‐informed. Recognition of the nature of the business model is sometimes overlooked in favour of slogans or blanket accusations. This paper reviews qualitatively some of the core issues surrounding the creation of a sustainable pricing model that will enable authors, readers, and publishers to coexist. No particular examples are recommended or rejected; what is important is that interested parties explore thoroughly the available options and make decisions based on available facts, instead of emotion or trends.
The Shoot-Specific Expression of γ-Glutamylcysteine Synthetase Directs the Long-Distance Transport of Thiol-Peptides to Roots Conferring Tolerance to Mercury and Arsenic
Authors: Li Yujing , Dankher Om Parkash , Carreira Laura , Smith Aaron P. , Meagher Richard B. 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Thiol-peptides synthesized as intermediates in phytochelatin (PC) biosynthesis confer cellular tolerance to toxic elements like arsenic, mercury, and cadmium, but little is known about their long-distance transport between plant organs. A modified bacterial γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (ECS) gene, S1pt∷ECS, was expressed in the shoots of the ECS-deficient, heavy-metal-sensitive cad2-1 mutant of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). S1pt∷ECS directed strong ECS protein expression in the shoots, but no ECS was detected in the roots of transgenic plant lines. The S1pt∷ECS gene restored full mercury tolerance and partial cadmium tolerance to the mutant and enhanced arsenate tolerance significantly beyond wild-type levels. After arsenic treatment, the root concentrations of γ-glutamylcysteine (EC), PC2, and PC3 peptides in a S1pt∷ECS-complemented cad2-1 line increased 6- to 100-fold over the mutant levels and were equivalent to wild-type concentrations. The shoot and root levels of glutathione were 2- to 5-fold above those in wild-type plants, with or without treatment with toxicants. Thus, EC and perhaps glutathione are efficiently transported from shoots to roots. The possibility that EC or other PC pathway intermediates may act as carriers for the long-distance phloem transport and subsequent redistribution of thiol-reactive toxins and nutrients in plants is discussed.