bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between 11 different polygenic longevity scores, parental lifespan, and disease diagnosis in the UK Biobank
Authors: Don Janith , Schork Andrew J. , Glusman Gwênlyn , Rappaport Noa , Cummings Steve R. , Duggan David , Raju Anish , Hellberg Kajsa-Lotta Georgii , Gunn Sophia , Monti Stefano , Perls Thomas , Lapidus Jodi , Goetz Laura H. , Sebastiani Paola , Schork Nicholas J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLarge-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) strongly suggest that most traits and diseases have a polygenic component. This observation has motivated the development of disease-specific “polygenic scores (PGS)” that are weighted sums of the effects of disease-associated variants identified from GWAS that correlate with an individual’s likelihood of expressing a specific phenotype. Although most GWAS have been pursued on disease traits, leading to the creation of refined “Polygenic Risk Scores” (PRS) that quantify risk to diseases, many GWAS have also been pursued on extreme human longevity, general fitness, health span, and other health-positive traits. These GWAS have discovered many genetic variants seemingly protective from disease and are often different from disease-associated variants (i.e., they are not just alternative alleles at disease-associated loci) and suggest that many health-positive traits also have a polygenic basis. This observation has led to an interest in “polygenic longevity scores (PLS)” that quantify the “risk” or genetic predisposition of an individual towards health. We derived 11 different PLS from 4 different available GWAS on lifespan and then investigated the properties of these PLS using data from the UK Biobank (UKB). Tests of association between the PLS and population structure, parental lifespan, and several cancerous and non-cancerous diseases, including death from COVID-19, were performed. Based on the results of our analyses, we argue that PLS are made up of variants not only robustly associated with parental lifespan, but that also contribute to the genetic architecture of disease susceptibility, morbidity, and mortality.
A hierarchical multi-UAV cooperative framework for infrastructure inspection and reconstruction
Authors: Gao Chuanxiang , Wang Xinyi , Chen Xi , Chen Ben M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are emerging as a powerful tool for inspections and repair works in large-scale and unstructured 3D infrastructures, but current approaches take a long time to cover the entire area. Planning using UAVs for inspections and repair works puts forward a requirement of improving time efficiency in large-scale and cluster environments. This paper presents a hierarchical multi-UAV cooperative framework for infrastructure inspection and reconstruction to balance the workload and reduce the overall task completion time. The proposed framework consists of two stages, the exploration stage and the exploitation stage, resolving the task in a sequential manner. At the exploration stage, the density map is developed to update global and local information for dynamic load-balanced area partition based on reconstructability and relative positions of UAVs, and the Voronoi-based planner is used to enable the UAVs to reach their best region. After obtaining the global map, viewpoints are generated and divided while taking into account the battery capacity of each UAV. Finally, a shortest path planning method is used to minimize the total traveling cost of these viewpoints for obtaining a high-quality reconstruction. Several experiments are conducted in both a simulated and real environment to show the time efficiency, robustness, and effectiveness of the proposed method. Furthermore, the whole system is implemented in real applications.
Centering School Leaders’ Expertise: Usability Evaluation of a Leadership-Focused Implementation Strategy to Support Tier 1 Programs in Schools
Authors: Collins Vaughan K. , Corbin Catherine M. , Locke Jill J. , Cook Clayton R. , Ehrhart Mark G. , Hatch Kurt D. , Lyon Aaron R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough there are a growing number of implementation strategies to increase the adoption, fidelity, and sustainment of evidence-based practices (EBP), they are often complex and bulky, which can interfere with their widespread application. To address these challenges, the Helping Educational Leaders Mobilize Evidence (HELM) strategy was created as an adaptation of the evidence-based Leadership and Organizational Change for Implementation (LOCI) implementation strategy to enhance elementary school principals’ use of strategic implementation leadership to support the adoption and delivery of Tier 1 (i.e., universal social, emotional, and behavioral) EBP. In service of its iterative development, a human-centered design methodology was employed to increase the successful uptake and use of HELM. The Cognitive Walkthrough for Implementation Strategies (CWIS), a novel mixed-methods approach to evaluate implementation strategy usability, was applied to identify and test HELM strategy tasks of critical importance. A sample of 15 elementary school principals participated in group cognitive walkthrough testing as either school principal recipients or HELM coaches. Both user types rated the strategy as acceptable (principal M = 77.8, SD = 15.5; coach M = 87.5, SD = 7.9). Five usability issues were identified using a highly structured common usability issue framework and provided direction for the generation of redesign solutions to be incorporated in a subsequent version of the HELM strategy. The evaluation of the strategy’s usability improved its alignment with user needs, expectations, and contextual constraints, rendering a more usable strategy and broadly applicable information surrounding the development of psychosocial implementation strategies in real-world settings.
Universal Primary School Interventions to Improve Child Social–Emotional and Mental Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Economic Evaluations
Authors: Abou Jaoude Gerard Joseph , Leiva-Granados Rolando , Mcgranahan Rose , Callaghan Patrick , Haghparast-Bidgoli Hassan , Basson Liz , Ebersöhn Liesel , Gu Qing , Skordis Jolene 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPrimary schools are key settings for social–emotional and mental health promotion. Reviews have assessed the effectiveness of primary school interventions delivered universally to all pupils for improving child social–emotional and mental health outcomes. This is the first study to review economic evaluations of such interventions and their value for money, which is key for informing policy. Peer-reviewed English language publications were systematically searched from database inception dates until 17 October 2022. We included economic evaluations of universal primary school interventions, or interventions with a universal component, to improve social–emotional and mental health outcomes in primary school children—regardless of evaluation methods or location. Key data and results were extracted from included studies for descriptive and narrative synthesis. Extracted costs were converted to International Dollars (Int$) and inflated to the year 2021. The reporting quality of included studies was appraised using the 2022 CHEERS checklist. Our review was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020190148) and funded by the UK Economic and Social Research Council (ES/T005149/1). A total of 25 economic evaluations were included for analysis in our review. Full economic evaluations combining both costs and outcomes comprised 20 of the 25 evaluations, of which 16 used comparable outcomes. The remaining five economic evaluations were cost analyses (partial). Study quality varied substantially and was higher amongst full economic evaluations. Evaluated interventions consisted primarily of programmes and curricula (n = 9) and universal interventions combining a targeted component (n = 5), amongst other intervention types such as teacher practices (n = 3). Average annual costs per child varied substantially (Int$18.7-Int$83,656) across intervention types. Universal interventions combining a targeted component were the least costly (Int$26.9-Int$66.8), along with an intervention designed to improve school operational culture (Int$46.0), and most of the programmes and curricula evaluated (Int$21.4-Int$396). All except for one of the 16 full economic evaluations using comparable outcomes found interventions were cost-effective (cost-saving–Int$25,463/QALY) relative to country cost-effectiveness thresholds or yielded positive returns on investment (Int$1.31–11.55 for each Int$1 invested) compared with usual practice. We identified several low-cost interventions that likely provide good value for money and should be considered by policymakers in high-income countries. However, there is a need for more economic evaluations in low- and middle-income countries, and a need to improve study reporting quality and better value outcomes more generally.
How does the climate change effect on hydropower potential, freshwater fisheries, and hydrological response of snow on water availability?
Authors: Soomro Shan-e-hyder , Soomro Abdul Razzaque , Batool Sahar , Guo Jiali , Li Yinghai , Bai Yanqin , Hu Caihong , Tayyab Muhammad , Zeng Zhiqiang , Li Ao , Zhen Yao , Rui Kang , Hameed Aamir , Wang Yuanyang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGlobally there is already a lot of pressure on water resources because of climate change, economic development, as well as an increasing global populace. Many rivers originate in the mountains, where snowfall fluctuations and the global climate’s inherent unpredictability affect the hydrological processes. Climate change sensitivity has been recognized in recent years and would affect hydropower, such as humidity, cloudiness, and precipitation, that are considered; global warming emerges as one of the most important contributors to climate change. The Yangtze River supports rich biodiversity and provides important ecosystem services for human survival and development. In addition, climate changes, particularly short-term and long-term precipitation and temperature fluctuations, influence the snow regime and the hydrological development of river flow response at the basin and sub-basin scales. More precise this review focused to understand the hydropower potential, freshwater fisheries, and hydrological response of snow dynamics in snow-dominated basins.
An insight into microelectronics industry wastewater treatment, current challenges, and future perspectives: a critical review
Authors: Noman Efaq Ali , Ali Al-Gheethi Adel , Al-Sahari Mohammed , Yashni G. , Mohamed Radin Maya Saphira Radin , Soon Chin Fhong , Nguyen Hong-Ha T. , Vo Dai-Viet N. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe microelectronics industry wastewater is attracting the scientific community and industry attention due to the high amount of organic and inorganic pollutants produced. Pollutants in microelectronic wastewater are considered qualitative contaminants, found in low concentrations but present with high risks to the environment and public health. The current paper highlights the most common pollutants in microelectronics wastewater and discusses the recent treatment technologies used to remove these contaminates. The review process was conducted based on the identification and screening of microelectronic wastewater and the principle of contaminant detection reported in previous research literature. It appears that tetramethylammonium hydroxide and ammonium are the major organic compounds in microelectronic wastewater, while heavy metals are among the inorganic pollutants with high environmental toxicity. The membrane filtration is the most efficient method for removing the pollutants (more than 90%) and producing ultrapure water. However, wastewater should be subjected to primary treatment using chemical and biological methods before undergoing the ultrafiltration process. The zero-discharge concept is more applicable in the microelectronics industries due to the stringent regulations associated with these industries. Microelectronic sludge represents the main challenge in wastewater recycling, while advanced treatment methods have been suggested for sludge treatment. More effort is required to recycle microelectronics owing to the high prices related to the disposal of these solids’ wastes.
Development and validation of the effective CNR analysis method for evaluating the contrast resolution of CT images
Authors: Igarashi Kengo , Imai Kuniharu , Matsushima Shigeru , Yamauchi-Kawaura Chiyo , Fujii Keisuke 
Published: March 2024

AbstractContrast resolution is an important index for evaluating the signal detectability of computed tomographic (CT) images. Recently, various noise reduction algorithms, such as iterative reconstruction (IR) and deep learning reconstruction (DLR), have been proposed to reduce the image noise in CT images. However, these algorithms cause changes in the image noise texture and blurred image signals in CT images. Furthermore, the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) cannot be accurately evaluated in CT images reconstructed using noise reduction methods. Therefore, in this study, we devised a new method, namely, “effective CNR analysis,” for evaluating the contrast resolution of CT images. We verified whether the proposed algorithm could evaluate the effective contrast resolution based on the signal detectability of CT images. The findings showed that the effective CNR values obtained using the proposed method correlated well with the subjective visual impressions of CT images. To investigate whether signal detectability was appropriately evaluated using effective CNR analysis, the conventional CNR analysis method was compared with the proposed method. The CNRs of the IR and DLR images calculated using conventional CNR analysis were 13.2 and 10.7, respectively. By contrast, those calculated using the effective CNR analysis were estimated to be 0.7 and 1.1, respectively. Considering that the signal visibility of DLR images was superior to that of IR images, our proposed effective CNR analysis was shown to be appropriate for evaluating the contrast resolution of CT images.
Catheter-guided anvil insertion for circular stapler esophagojejunal anastomosis: a novel technique in laparoscopic total gastrectomy
Authors: Ye Zeyao , Yu Pengfei , Cao Yang , Du Yian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study evaluates feasibility, safety, and short-term outcomes of employing the catheter-guided stapler anvil insertion technique for esophagojejunal anastomosis using a circular stapler during laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG).

Materials and methods
From September 2021 to April 2023, the catheter-guided stapler anvil insertion technique was employed in 80 patients undergoing laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) for esophagojejunal anastomosis. A modified D2 dissection, according to the en bloc technique, was performed in the patients. Subsequently, a longitudinal incision, approximately 2 cm in length, was made on the anterior wall of the esophagus, about 2 cm above the tumor. The transection line was pre-marked with blue dye along the esophagus's minor axis, and the tail of the anvil was capped with a 10-cm length of catheter (F14 d4.7 mm). The surgeon secures the head of anvil and carefully inserts it into the esophagus, ensuring that only a 5-cm segment of the catheter remains outside the esophagus. A linear cutter was employed to transect and seal the lower end of the esophagus. Subsequently, esophagojejunostomy was performed under laparoscopic guidance using a circular stapler.

Results
Among patients undergoing esophagojejunal anastomosis with the new technique, postoperative complications included pneumonia or pleural effusion in 14 patients (17.5%), anastomotic stenosis in 3 patients (3.75%), abdominal infection in 2 patients (2.5%), and intestinal obstruction in 1 patient (1.25%). No instances of anastomotic leakage, anastomotic bleeding, or deaths were recorded. All patients experiencing complications improved with conservative treatment, without the need for secondary surgery.

Conclusion
The catheter-guided stapler anvil insertion technique is demonstrated to be a safe and effective method for esophagojejunostomy, potentially reducing the occurrence of anastomotic leakage.
CAFs vs. TECs: when blood feuds fuel cancer progression, dissemination and therapeutic resistance
Authors: Coursier Diane , Calvo Fernando 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNeoplastic progression involves complex interactions between cancer cells and the surrounding stromal milieu, fostering microenvironments that crucially drive tumor progression and dissemination. Of these stromal constituents, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) emerge as predominant inhabitants within the tumor microenvironment (TME), actively shaping multiple facets of tumorigenesis, including cancer cell proliferation, invasiveness, and immune evasion. Notably, CAFs also orchestrate the production of pro-angiogenic factors, fueling neovascularization to sustain the metabolic demands of proliferating cancer cells. Moreover, CAFs may also directly or indirectly affect endothelial cell behavior and vascular architecture, which may impact in tumor progression and responses to anti-cancer interventions. Conversely, tumor endothelial cells (TECs) exhibit a corrupted state that has been shown to affect cancer cell growth and inflammation. Both CAFs and TECs are emerging as pivotal regulators of the TME, engaging in multifaceted biological processes that significantly impact cancer progression, dissemination, and therapeutic responses. Yet, the intricate interplay between these stromal components and the orchestrated functions of each cell type remains incompletely elucidated. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the dynamic interrelationships between CAFs and TECs, discussing the challenges and prospects for leveraging their interactions towards therapeutic advancements in cancer.
Begleitevaluation des „Bildungs- und Entwicklungsprojekt Kinästhetik“
Authors: Maurer Carola , Brenner Rouven , Wulfgramm Hildegund , Gattinger Heidrun 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungKinästhetik hat sich mittlerweile v. a. im deutschsprachigen Raum etabliert. Die Samariterstiftung, ein großer Träger von stationären Langzeitpflegeeinrichtungen in Deutschland, hat sich zum Ziel gesetzt, die Kinästhetikkompetenz aller Pflege- und Betreuungspersonen in ihren Einrichtungen zu fördern. Dazu startete sie 2019 das „Bildungs- und Entwicklungsprojekt Kinästhetik“. Der vorliegende Artikel zielt darauf ab, den Prozess des Projekts (Prozessevaluation) sowie die Entwicklung der Kinästhetikkompetenz (summative Evaluation) zu beschreiben. Die Kinästhetikkompetenz der Mitarbeitenden wurde zu 2 Zeitpunkten (T1 und T2) mittels eines Fragebogens und anhand von Videodaten beurteilt. Für die Prozessevaluation erfolgten zu beiden Erhebungszeitpunkten Interviews mit Leitungspersonen, um die Fragebogenerhebung anhand strukturierter und offener Fragen zum Bildungsprojekt zu ergänzen. Bei der T2-Erhebung fanden Fokusgruppeninterviews mit Mitarbeitenden in den Einrichtungen statt.Die Ergebnisse weisen insgesamt darauf hin, dass die Umsetzung dieses Pilotprojekts erfolgreich war. Sowohl die Leitungspersonen als auch die Mitarbeitenden möchten, dass die Kinästhetikkompetenz weiterhin in ihrer Einrichtung gefördert wird. Sie sehen jedoch die nachhaltige Umsetzung als Herausforderung an und machen sich vielfältige Gedanken, wie sie die Thematik weiterverfolgen können. Die Ergebnisse lassen darauf schließen, dass bei zukünftigen Durchführungen des Programms beispielsweise eine stärkere Einbindung der Betreuungsassistentinnen und -assistenten hilfreich wäre, ebenso ein frühzeitiges, praxisnahes „Vertrautmachen“ mit Kinästhetik (vor dem Grundkurs) oder das explizite Darlegen der einzelnen Kursziele.
Septin-dependent invasive growth by the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Eisermann Iris , Talbot Nicholas J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSeptin GTPases are morphogenetic proteins that are widely conserved in eukaryotic organisms fulfilling diverse roles in cell division, differentiation and development. In the filamentous fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, the causal agent of the devastating blast diseases of rice and wheat, septins have been shown to be essential for plant infection. The blast fungus elaborates a specialised infection structure called an appressorium with which it mechanically ruptures the plant cuticle. Septin aggregation and generation of a hetero-oligomeric ring structure at the base of the infection cell is indispensable for plant infection. Furthermore, once the fungus enters host tissue it develops another infection structure, the transpressorium, enabling it to move between living host plant cells, which also requires septins for its function. Specific inhibition of septin aggregation—either genetically or with chemical inhibitors—prevents plant infection. Significantly, by screening for inhibitors of septin aggregation, broad spectrum anti-fungal compounds have been identified that prevent rice blast and a number of other cereal diseases in field trials. We review the recent advances in our understanding of septin biology and their potential as targets for crop disease control.
Eutrophication of Inland Surface Waters in South Africa: An Overview
Authors: Lukhele Thabile , Msagati Titus Alfred Makudali 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEutrophication of fresh waterbodies is a global phenomenon that is exacerbated by increases in agricultural activities, industrialization, and urbanization, all driven by the global increase in human population. This paper reviews the state of inland waterbodies in South Africa, identifying the major drivers of eutrophication and discussing how different sectors of the economy are negatively impacted by eutrophication. Data indicate that up to 76% of major water impoundments and approximately 70% of major river systems are eutrophic to hypereutrophic and experience protracted periods of cyanobacterial blooms, particularly in the summer months. Negative impacts of eutrophication on the agricultural sector, potable water supply and tourism are well documented and are becoming more explicit. Evidently, nutrient loading patterns into water bodies have changed and become more complex. Although wastewater treatment plants remain the major contributors of nutrient loads to most waterbodies, non-point sources including agricultural runoff, untreated sewage from leaking and overflowing sewer systems, as well as runoff from informal settlements, also make substantial contributions. As a result, the strategies employed to prevent eutrophication, including within-waterbody remediation programs have fallen short in reducing the trophic status of water impoundments and thus ameliorating the symptoms of eutrophication. Tailor-made, integrated management initiatives that target point source, non-point source, and internal nutrient loads are, therefore, required.
Monotone iterations of two obstacle problems with different operators
Authors: Gonzálvez Irene , Miranda Alfredo , Rossi Julio D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper we analyze iterations of the obstacle problem for two different operators. We solve iteratively the obstacle problem from above or below for two different differential operators with obstacles given by the previous functions in the iterative process. When we start the iterations with a super or a subsolution of one of the operators this procedure generates two monotone sequences of functions that we show that converge to a solution to the two membranes problem for the two different operators. We perform our analysis in both the variational and the viscosity settings.