bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Summary And Comment
Authors: Schulman Gerald , Sherman Richard A. 
Published: October 2007

Reduced binding of (3H) 1, 25‐dihydroxyvitamin D, in the parathyroid glands of patients with renal failure, by AB Korkor. N Engl J Med 316:1573–1576, 1987.Tissue distribution of dialysis amyloidosis, by LH Noel, J Zingraft, T Bardin, C Atienza, Kuntz, and TT Drueke. Clin Nephrol 27:175–178, 1987Effect of dialyzer geometry on granulocyte and complement activation, by RM Schaefer, A Heidland, and WH Horl. Am J Nephrol 7:121–126, 1987Arterial hypotension in chronic hemodialysis patients, by Anton E. Daul, Xiao L. Wang, Martin C. Michel, and Otto‐Erick Brodde. Kidney Int 32:728–735, 1987Solute transport in continuous hemodialysis: A new treatment for acute renal failure, by Miles H. Sigler and Brendan P. Teehan. Kidney Int 32:562–571, 1987
Factors Which Affect Cardiac Performance during Hemodialysis
Authors: Travis Mark , Henrich William L. 
Published: October 2007

SummaryCardiac performance during hemodialysis is dependent on preexisting conditions (i.e., coronary artery disease, myocardial hypertrophy, LV compliance, anemia, hypertension, etc.) and the hemodynamic alterations caused by the dialysis procedure itself (osmotic shifts, ionized calcium changes, etc.). Clinical hemodynamic investigations of cardiac performance during uremia have been hampered by the difficulty in isolating individual parameters of ventricular function. Myocardial reserve in dialysis patients is often reduced because of antecedent ischemic disease, hypertension, and the presence of autonomic dysfunction in many patients. Rapid volume losses or gains are likely to be less well tolerated with resultant hypotensive syndromes or pulmonary edema as the result. The controlled volume loss achievable with newer dialysis machines, the use of higher dialysate sodium concentrations, and the wider availability of erythropoietin may improve the tolerance to the procedure for many patients.
Choices for Healthy Outcomes In Caring for End Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Powe Neil R. , Klag Michael J. , Sadler John H. , Anderson Gerard F. , Bass Eric B. , Briggs William A. , Fink Nancy E. , Levey Andrew S. , Levin Nathan W. , Meyer Klemens B. , Rubin Haya R. , Wu Albert W. 
Published: October 2007

SummaryIn the CHOICE study, a multidisciplinary research team is conducting several complementary research projects designed to better understand how dialysis care practice influences health outcomes and costs. The study places a special emphasis on the perspective of the patient. The effort includes the development of patient‐centered instruments for assessment of health‐related quality of life, patient preferences and patient satisfaction. Our hope is to provide information and tools to guide physicians and providers in selecting optimal dialysis practices for their patients with ESRD.
Ultrastructural features of the epithelial‐mesenchymal interface in an ameloblastic fibro‐odontoma
Authors: JOSEPHSEN KAJ , LARSSON AKE , FEJERSKOV OLE 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The ultrastructural features of the epithelial‐mesenchymal interface in a case of an ameloblastic fibro‐odontoma was studied with special reference to possible signs of “inductive” processes. In most parts of the tumor, the odontogenic epithelium was separated from the connective tissue by a thick rim of a finely filamentous mesh work in which a basal lamina was occasionally observed. Mesenchymal cells were seen to touch the filamentous mesh work but no membrane bound matrix vesicles were recorded. Small areas of dentin‐like tissue were found in the juxtaepithelial connective tissue while enamel‐like areas and spherical calcified masses were encountered in epithelial islands. The organic matrix in relation to the enamel‐like tissue consisted of either tubular fibers or a fine‐granular material. It was assumed that the tubular matrix component directed the formation of long enamel‐like crystals, and that the fine‐granular matrix was degraded tubular fibers in which spherical calcified masses might arise. Spherical calcified masses could be found in separate follicles also where they were related to a fine‐fibrillar matrix or collagenous material. The cell layers forming the wall of the islands had a great resemblance to those of an enamel organ, but the findings of dentin‐free, enamel‐like areas are not compatible with the inductive theory of normal odontogenesis.
Effect of the setting expansion of dental stone upon the die precision
Authors: FINGER WERNER 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The present investigation has shown that the setting expansion of two dental stones when measured according to the ADA Specification No. 25, was lower than the expansion determined by a dial gauge method. The values from this latter test and the percentage deviation of the diameter of full crown stone dies (produced in individual silicone impressions) from the base diameter of the original preparation were identical. A reduction of the effective setting expansion to a value of 0.05% or less is desirable and proved possible for the stone materials studied without altering other important properties.
Evidence in favor of an anti‐invasion factor in cementum or periodontal membrane of human teeth
Authors: LINDSKOG SVEN , HAMMARSTRÖM LARS 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –A casein‐agar method for the detection of protease inhibitors has been used on human teeth. Periodontal membranes or cementum have been shown to contain a potent collagenase inhibitor. This inhibitor might explain why the roots of teeth are normally protected against resorption. A similar protease Inhibitor has recently been demonstrated in cartilage and there it was called an anti‐invasion factor.
Longitudinal study of occlusion in the primary dentition in 3‐ to 7‐year‐old children
Authors: RAVN J. J. 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The material for the study comprises plaster models of 269 Copenhagen children, the impressions for which were taken during the month each child attained the ages of 3 and 7 years. A comparison was made of occlusion in the single child in the period. The study illustrates clearly that the same given percentage in two age groups is by no means a guarantee that there have been no changes. The canine relationships in particular are unstable during the period of study. The only stable occlusion is distal occlusion in the primary dentition. This occlusion is invariably maintained and is always transferred unchanged to the permanent dentition.
Effect of mouthrinses with SnF2, LaCl3, NaF and chlorhexidine on the amount of lipoteichoic acid formed in plaque
Authors: BEAZLEY VIOLET CATHERINE CHARLOTTE , THRANE PER , RÖLLA GUNNAR 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The in vivo effect of some cations on the amount of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) formed in plaque was investigated in two studies. In the first part five students followed six mouthrinsing programs, each of which lasted 4 d. Rinsing was performed for 1 min every second hour with a test solution (0.05% stannous fluoride (SnF2); 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate; 0.3%, lanthanum chloride (LaCL3) and 0.05% sodium fluoride (NaF)), followed 5 min later with a rinse of a 15% sucrose solution. Sucrose alone and xylitol rinses were used as controls. The second part involved a group of 10 students rinsing for 1 week four times daily with a sucrose solution, and for another week four times daily with the same sucrose solution and in addition, three times daily with a 0.05% SnF2 solution. The individual plaque samples were collected after each rinse program, made into a suspension and then divided for protein analysis, carbohydrate analysis and estimation of LTA by phenol extraction and indirect hemagglutination against a specific antiserum. The total amount of plaque formed and the LTA content were reduced in sucrose plaque by the chlorhexidine and SnF2 rinse programs, or when xylitol replaced sucrose as the main sugar source. There was no significant effect with LaCl3 or NaF. The rinse programs produced changes in the clinical appearance of the plaque.
Plaque inhibition by guanidino propyl piperazine (CKO 569A)
Authors: MELSEN BIRTE , AGERBÆK NINA , ZEUNER ELLEN , RÖLLA GUNNAR 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The plaque inhibiting effect of the antibacterial substance, guanidino propyl piperazine (CKO 569A) has been analyzed in a clinical study of 10 adults. Plaque formation was enhanced by three daily rinses with 15% sucrose. Normal hygiene was performed. The effects of a twice daily mouthwash of 30 s duration with 0.2, 0.1 and 0.05% CKO 569A, 0.05% chlorhexidine and a placebo on plaque formation were compared through a registration of plaque scores. Each solution was tested over a period of 5 days. As a result of this study it could be concluded that in humans CKO 569A is an effective inhibitor of plaque, and that lingual plaque scores appear to be a good indicator of plaque inhibiting activity.
Affinity chromatography of human saliva lysozyme and effect of pH and ionic strength on lytic activity
Authors: VASSTRAND ENDRE N. , JENSEN HARALD B. 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –Lysozyme from human saliva was purified in one step by affinity chromatography on chitin. The recovery, however, was always very low, typically 25–40%. When the cationic exchanger BioRex 70® was used, the enzyme was isolated from saliva with only minor loss of activity, and the product appeared to be 60–70% pure. This partially purified enzyme bound completely and reversibly to chitin and was thereby purified to homogeneity with little loss of activity (< 10%). Both saliva lysozyme and the chicken egg white lysozyme were found to exhibit their highest lytic activity at high pH/low ionic strength (pH 9.0, I = 0.03), and both enzymes required higher ionic strength at lower pH for optimal activity. From isoactivity curves (activity as a function of pH and ionic strength) it was found, however, that the ratio of the specific activity of saliva lysozyme to that of chicken lysozyme varied considerably depending on the assay conditions used. We argue strongly, therefore, against the frequent use of chicken lysozyme as a standard of reference in work on human lysozyme.
A 12‐month study on changes in the barrier properties of denture‐loaded palatal mucosa in immediate denture wearers
Authors: RIBER ELISABETH , KAABER SVEND 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The changes of barrier properties and surface cytology of the palatal mucosa during a denture‐wearing period of 12 months has been studied in 18 adult subjects. Transmucosal rates of water transport and that of a 1.10 osmol sucrose solution were registered gravimetrically before denture treatment, after 3 months and after 12 months of denture wearing according to procedures described earlier. The keratinization pattern and the leukocyte migration were evaluated from scrapings taken from the palate and the fitting surface of the denture. The clinical appearance was recorded photographically. After 3 months of denture wearing only minor changes in permeability and surface cytology were observed. After 12 months a distinct grouping of the material was possible with regard to permeability reactions, as seven subjects showed no changes, five subjects demonstrated an increased osmotic activity in the palatal mucosa, and six subjects exhibited a severely decreased barrier function. The color photos revealed inflammatory reactions of the palatal mucosa in the latter group. The cytologic observations showed after 12 months a significant decrease in the proportion of anucleated cells in the inflammatory group, but only minor changes in the remaining material.
Surface roughness of gold alloy castings
Authors: FINGER WERNER , JøRGENSEN KNUD DREYER 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The present investigation has shown that the surface of gold alloys cast in both a new and probably improved investment and in two commercial gypsum‐bonded investments fulfills all conventional clinical requirements as regards retention and precision of the cemented restorations and easy polish ability. With a view to retention the sometimes slightly rougher surfaces of castings in the new investment are advantageous.
An improved dental casting investment
Authors: FINGHER WENER , JØRGENSEN KUND DREYER 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –In the present investigation a gypsum‐bonded investment is presented with negligible setting expansion and a thermal expansion of 1. 7%. This investment can and should be used without a steel casting ring. In combination with an earlier described die‐spacing technique the new investment facilitates the production of gold inlays and crowns which, independent of type, will show suitable degree of loose‐fit in or in the preparations in the patient's mouth.
Development and distribution of proximal caries in 303 9–20‐year‐old individuals in a Copenhagen suburb
Authors: BILLE JETTE 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The purpose of the present study was to establish a theoretical basis for the practice of screening for identification of caries risk groups. Longitudinal data concerning the development of proximal caries in 303 persons from the age of 9 to the age of 20 were examined with regard to statistical distribution. Data from each year and from the entire period showed a close fit to the negative binomial distribution. This distribution can be the result of independent random occurrences, but varying susceptibility, Thus the consistent existence of a caries risk group is illustrated by this analysis, but no prediction is made, It is suggested that future evaluations of preventive measures directed toward caries risk groups should express the degree to which the similarity between the distribution of proximal caries and the negative binomial distribution can be eliminated.
Interaction of pulsed carbon dioxide laser beams with teeth in vitro
Authors: BRUNE DAG 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –Beams of pulsed carbon dioxide lasers with energy densities of about 10, 100 or 200 J/mm2 have been applied perpendicularly to third molars in vitro for the purpose of preparing cavities or pin holes for retention. A pulsed beam with an energy density of about 10 J/mm2 produced a hole approximately 2 mm deep with a diameter of about 0.2 mm. With a beam of 100 J/mm2 the hole produced penetrated the tooth to a depth of 4 mm. Minor cracks around the hole in both enamel and dentin could be observed. Around the position where the beam entered the enamel matrix a white mineralized layer was observed, while a brown discoloration was formed around the hole in the dentin at the beam exit. With an energy density of 200 J/mm2 the formation of cracks and discoloration was very pronounced. X‐ray diffraction of lased tissue revealed an apatite structure. The wall in the lased hole exhibited a Vicker hardness number similar to that of enamel.
Electronmicroscopic study of mineralization in induced heterotopic bone formation in guinea pigs
Authors: NILSEN RUNE 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –Mineralization of heterotopic bone was studied in a bone induction model using allogenic demineralized dentin implanted in the abdominal wall of guinea pigs. There was a high yield of newly formed osteoid and bone as well as some cartilage together with areas of resorption of the dentin, and fibroblast proliferation. The osteoid contained many matrix vesicles II and less of lysosome‐like type I vesicles. Early cartilage formation had more type I vesicles. The implanted dentin contained no matrix vesicles. The first signs of mineralization occurred mainly as irregular clusters of mineral crystals in the matrix close to the surface of collagen fibrils, Crystal‐like figures were also found inside some type II matrix vesicles, although most of these vesicles in the mineralization zone had no crystals. The type I vesicles of both bone and cartilage exhibited often crystals near the outer membrane. The mineralizing bone showed a reduction in the size and number of proteoglycan particles. Remineralization of the implanted dentin was also often found and the mineralization pattern resembled the mineralization of bone except for the absence of matrix vesicles. Electron diffraction of selected areas showed that the crystals in the new bone and the mineralized dentin were hydroxyapatite.
Correlation between tensile and bond strength of composite resins
Authors: ZIDAN OMAR , ASMUSSEN ERIK , JØRGENSEN KNUD DREYER 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The purpose of the present work was to measure the bond strength of five composite resins (two microfilled and three conventional) to human etched enamel and to correlate the findings with previously published results on the tensile strength of the same resins. The two microfilled composites showed a significantly lower bond strength than the three conventional products. The coefficient of correlation between tensile and bond strength was 0.74.
Dentition on Umm an‐Nar (Trucial Oman), 2500 B.C.
Authors: HØJGAARD KAREN 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –Teeth and jaws excavated from three burial cairns on the island of Umm an‐Nar outside Abu Dhabi were examined. Dating: 2500 B.C. The number of individuals buried was estimated from the dentitions. In spite of the bad condition of the sparse material an attempt was made to give an impression of non‐metric and metric traits of the teeth. The teeth showed Caucasoid but no Mongoloid traits. They were small, worn at an early age, with abundant calculus, multiple fractures but no carious lesions, The percentages of agenesis of third molars in the three graves were equal. Alveoloclasia appeared frequently. The population would seem to be hunters and fishermen rather than agriculturists.
Hypodontia of permanent teeth in Danish schoolchildren
Authors: RØLLING STEEN 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –Hypodontia, congenitally missing teeth, is one of the conditions recorded during systematic orthodontic screening of groups of children attending a community child dental health service. The present investigation reports the prevalence of hypodontia in 3325 9–10‐year‐old children in the 3rd schoolgrade examined with an orthopantornographic radiograph. The prevalence of children with hypodontia was found to be 7.8%. Fifty percent of these children were missing only one tooth while 85% were missing either one or two teeth. More teeth were missing in the mandible than in the maxilla. The teeth most frequently missing were the second premolars, representing 67% of the congenitally missing teeth. Symmetrical hypodontia of second premolars occurred approximately twice as often in girls as in boys. Though more teeth were congenitally missing in girls than in boys, no difference could be seen in the prevalence of hypodontia in boys (7.7%) and girls (7.8%).
Appearance of chemically treated root canal walls in the scanning electron microscope
Authors: KOSKINEN KARI P. , MEURMAN JUKKA H. , STENVALL HANNELE 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The dissolving effects of seven endodontic solutions on unprepared root canal walls of young intact human premolars were evaluated with the scanning electron microscope. After incubation at 37°C in distilled water or isotonic saline for 10 min the predentinal surfaces showed no changes as compared with untreated controls. The demineralizers Decal® and Largal Ultra® had little effect on the organic tissues but caused some decalcification where mineralized dentin was exposed. Nelex® caused concentration‐dependent coagulation of the residual pulp tissue, making typical ring structures on the surfaces. Sodium hypochlorite at 2.5% and 5.0% dissolved most of the predentin, exposing the globular appearance of the mineralizing front. Salvizol® produced small globules on otherwise intact surfaces. Dissolution of both the organic and inorganic tissue of the root canal wall would require the combined use of two of the solutions studied.
A model for experimental endodontics by transplanting human dental roots subcutaneously to rats
Authors: HØRSTED P. , FEJERSKOV O. , JOHANNESEN G. 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –In 35 roots from extracted human teeth the pulp tissue was removed and the specimens autoclaved. before being transplanted subcutaneously to rats. The animals were sacrificed 7, 14, 21, 90 and 140 d after transplantation and the skin and subcutaneous tissue containing the transplants were prepared for histologic examination. The human roots were well tolerated by the rats with a fibrillar connective tissue capsule surrounding the specimens. In the 90‐d and 140‐d groups a few root surfaces exhibited small resorption lacunae. The empty root canals became slowly occupied by a maturing granulation tissue occasionally containing foci of lymphocytes. After 140 d the canal tissue was still highly vascular with multinuclear giant cells occasionally located along the dentin walls but no internal resorption was recorded. It is concluded that this model may be useful for systematic testing of root filling materials concomitant with human studies.
Effect of nystatin in the treatment of denture stomatitis
Authors: BERGENDAL TOM , ISACSSON GÖRAN 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The effect of nystatin treatment on denture stomatitis subclassified as generalized simple inflammation and inflammatory papillary hyperplasia has been studied. Twenty‐four patients were carefully instructed to apply a thin layer of nystatin dusting powder on the fitting surface of the maxillary denture three times a day for 14 d. Different parameters were studied on three occasions; at the beginning of experiment and after 14 and 28 d. An untreated group of 24 patients with the same types of denture stomatitis served as control. The effect of treatment was. evaluated by changes in the clinical erythema, the yeast colonization obtained by mycologic sampling on the palatal mucosa and on the denture base, and changes in the histologic picture of the mucosa obtained by biopsy. Subepithelial inflammation, leukocyte penetration, edema and thickness of the epithelium were histologic parameters. After 14 d of treatment the experimental group compared with the control group showed a statistically significant decrease in palatal erythema and in the amount of yeast colonies. No significant changes were found microscopically. Twenty‐eight days after start, i.e. 14 d after withdrawal of the nystatin, there still was a statistically significant improvement of the palatal erythema in the experimental group compared with the controls. However, no patient was totally cured. There were no significant changes in the number of yeast colonies and the histologic parameters.
Dentinal innervation of impacted human third molars
Authors: LILJA JAN , FAGERBERG‐MOHLIN BODIL 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –Five totally impacted third molars were studied in the transmission electron microscope for the presence of nervous structures in the dentin before eruption. In contradiction to earlier studies available, nervous structures were found in the predentin and the dentin of the impacted third molars in different parts of the crown and also in the predentin of the root.
Influence of bacterial cell concentration and inorganic anions on lysis of Streptococcus mutans BHT by salivary lysozyme
Authors: TWETMAN SVANTE , LINDER LARS , MODÉER THOMAS 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The aim of this work was to study the influence of bacterial cell concentrations and inorganic anions on lysis of Streptococcus mutans BHT by human salivary lysozyme (HSL). HSL was partly purified from saliva by ion exchange chromatography. The bacteria were grown in a synthetic medium containing 3H‐thymidine to monitor DNA release. The experiments demonstrated that release 3H‐thymidine was dependent on the bacterial cell concentration and an apparent Km‐value corresponding to approximately 2.9 × 108 cells/ml was calculated. The influence of I−, Br−, Cl−, F−, HCO3− and SCN− on bacteriolysis was studied. All anions tested were slightly inhibitory on the action of HSL. The inhibition varied from 7 to 76% depending on the ion and ionic strength. The order of addition of HSL and sodium chloride caused different lytic responses. This was reflected by the amount of HSL adsorbed by the bacteria.