bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Problematic issues when granting a pardon
Authors: Пономарев С.Н. , Скопинцева В.В. 
Published: April 2024

Введение: статья посвящена анализу проблемных вопросов реализации прав на помилование и разработке практико-ориентированных рекомендаций, способствующих повышению эффективности института помилования. Цель: анализ проблемных вопросов при реализации института помилования в уголовном и уголовно-исполнительном законодательстве России и разработка рекомендаций, направленных на повышение эффективности данного института. Предмет: проблемные вопросы, возникающие при реализации института помилования в практической деятельности. Методы: общенаучные, а также сравнительный, сравнительно- правовой, статистический. Результаты: анализ свидетельствует о необходимости решения вопроса о правовой природе института помилования. Целесообразно более четко сформулировать его цели, которые должны в полной мере соотноситься с нормами уголовного и уголовно-исполнительного законодательства. Выводы: рассматриваемый институт нуждается в расширении круга лиц, имеющих право подавать ходатайства о помиловании, разработке подробных инструкций для работы территориальных комиссий по помилованию, специальных правил помилования для военнослужащих и заключенных, желающих участвовать в специальной военной операции, установлении дополнительных гарантий защиты прав потерпевших от преступлений в случае принятия решения о предоставлении помилования. Выводы, полученные в статье, могут быть использованы в учебной и правоприменительной практике, а также при оценке эффективности реализации института помилования.
Introduction: this article considers problematic issues of granting a pardon and proposes practice-oriented recommendations that boost effectiveness of the pardon institution. Purpose: to ana- lyze problematic issues of granting a pardon in Russian criminal and penal legislation and to develop recommendations that contribute to improving this institution effectiveness. Subject: problematic issues arising in the implementation of pardon in practice. Methods: general scientific methods, as well as comparative, comparative legal, statistical methods. Results: the stated above indicates the need to resolve the issue of the legal nature of the institution. It seems advisable to formulate its goals more clearly, which should fully correlate with the norms of criminal and penal legislation. Conclusion: it is reasonable to expand a circle of persons entitled to apply for a pardon, develop detailed instructions for the work of territorial pardon commissions, elaborate special pardon rules for military personnel and prisoners wishing to participate in the special military operation, and work out additional guar- antees to protect the crime victims’ rights in case a pardon is granted. The conclusions obtained in the article can be used in educational and law enforcement practice, as well as when assessing ef- fectiveness of the implementation of the pardon institution.
Constitutional values and axiological aspects of understanding a general object of crime in the criminal law doctrine
Authors: Заряев В.А. , Солодовченко Д.Д. 
Published: April 2024

Введение: в статье рассматривается проблема конституционных ценностей, составляющих основу аксиологического понимания общего объекта преступления, предпринимается попытка осмыслить категорию «общий объект преступления» с ценностных позиций. Цель: проанализировать существующие в юридической науке подходы к определению общего объекта преступления как правового блага, то есть аксиологические аспекты общего объекта преступления. Методы: диалектический, позволивший уточнить понятия «конституционная ценность», «общий объект преступления»; сравнительно-правовой, использовавшийся для сравнения понятий «конституционная ценность», «общий объект преступления». Результаты: исследования конституционных ценностей направлены в основном на обоснование их фундаментального значения и решение теоретических проблем воплощения конституционных ценностей в форме норм-принципов, норм-целей и т. д. Конституционные ценности являются основой для определения общего объекта преступления как правовой ценности. Рассмотрение общего объекта преступления с ценностных позиций позволяет установить, какие цен- ности, интересы или правовые блага признаются обществом настолько значимыми, что их нарушение является преступлением. Выводы: категория «общий объект преступления» охватывает индивида, пострадавшего от преступного деяния, и его правовые интересы, такие как жизнь, здоровье, собственность. Положения Уголовного кодекса Российской Федерации в целом отражают ценностный подход к определению общего объекта преступления.
Introduction: the article considers a problem of constitutional values that form the basis for axi- ological understanding of a general object of crime and a category “general object of crime” from a value standpoint. Purpose: to analyze current approaches to the definition of the general object of crime as a legal good, i.e. axiological aspects of the general object of crime. Methods: a dialectical method is used to clarify concepts “constitutional value” and “general object of crime”; a compara- tive legal method – to compare the concepts discussed. Results: current scientific works are aimed mainly at substantiating their fundamental importance and solving theoretical problems of embody- ing constitutional values in the form of norms-principles, norms-goals, etc. Constitutional values are the basis for defining the general object of crime as a legal value. Considering the general object of crime from a value standpoint allows us to determine which values, interests or legal benefits are recognized by society as so significant that their violation is a crime. Conclusion: the category “gen- eral object of crime” covers an individual who has suffered from a criminal act and his legal interests, such as life, health, property. Provisions of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, in general, reflect a value-based approach to determining the general object of crime.
Analisis Kepuasan Pengguna Terhadap Penggunaan E-Payment Universitas Menggunakan Metode EUCS dan TAM
Authors: Widyawati Nilu Gede , Purnama Benni , Mulyono Herry 
Published: April 2024

Dinamika Bangsa University E-payment website is an information system developed by UNAMA's IT Division in 2020 and is used to confirm online tuition payment transactions. the results of observations and interviews conducted with several students indicate that the Dinamika Bangsa University e-Payment website still has several problems in its use, namely the information on the web is incomplete, for example there is no information about the rules for writing NIMs andThe name on the payment receipt paid via ATM and e-banking.This study aims to determine the satisfaction level of the UNAMA E-payment website and to determine the effect of the relationship between research variables using the End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) web e-Payment methods at Dinamika Bangsa University. This study uses path analysis as a data analysis technique with the help of SPSS software version 26. based on the analysis of the data that has been described, it can be see that of the 7 research variables which contain 6 research hypotheses, the variables content, accuracy, ease of use, and timeliness are stated to have a positive and significant effect on the attitude toward using variable. Besides that, the attitude toward using variable also has a positive and significant effect on user satisfaction variable. The rejected hypothesis is the relationship between the format variable and the attitude toward using variable.
Government Expenditure and Economic Growth: A Comparative Analysis of Japan
Authors: Tanaka Ren 
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the government expenditure and economic growth: a comparative analysis of Japan
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: The comparative analysis of government expenditure and economic growth in Japan revealed a positive correlation between increased public spending and economic expansion. Strategic allocations towards sectors like education and healthcare were found to significantly contribute to long-term growth. Recommendations stressed the importance of transparent and accountable spending practices for sustained economic development, emphasizing prudent fiscal management and efficient resource utilization.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Keynesian economics, wagner's law & endogenous growth theory may be used to anchor future studies on the government expenditure and economic growth: a comparative analysis of Japan. Develop a comprehensive framework for evaluating the effectiveness of government expenditure policies in Japan. Fiscal Sustainability Strategies: Develop strategies for ensuring the long-term sustainability of government finances in Japan, given the challenges posed by an aging population and rising healthcare costs.
Labor Market Flexibility and Unemployment: A Study of the United States
Authors: Anderson Isaac 
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the labor market flexibility and unemployment: a study of the United States
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: The study on Labor Market Flexibility and Unemployment in the United States found that while flexibility can foster job creation, it also exacerbates structural unemployment. Certain groups, like minorities and low-skilled workers, are disproportionately affected. Additionally, technological advancements and globalization reshape the labor market. Labor market institutions play a crucial role in mediating flexibility's impact. Overall, nuanced policy interventions are needed to address unemployment challenges.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Structural unemployment theory, dual labor market theory & institutional theory of labor markets may be used to anchor future studies on the labor market flexibility and unemployment: a study of the United States. Practical recommendations could include fostering a supportive environment for entrepreneurship and innovation, enhancing access to lifelong learning and skill development opportunities, and implementing targeted measures to support vulnerable groups in the labor market. From a policy perspective, the study should advocate for evidence-based policymaking that prioritizes the promotion of inclusive growth and social cohesion.
Assessment of Factors Associated With the Acquisition of Competencies among Undergraduate Nursing Students in Ugandan Universities
Authors: Kempango Joan , Atuhaire Evas 
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Like other developing countries, Uganda grapples with the critical challenge of equipping nursing students with essential clinical competencies. These competencies encompass vital nursing skills, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors crucial for effective nursing practice. This study assessed student perceptions and confidence in applying acquired clinical skills among undergraduate nursing students in Ugandan universities.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was used to assess bachelor's in nursing students from central and western Ugandan universities. Data were entered into Excel and exported to SPSS version 22. Results were presented using frequencies, pie charts, percentages, and tables. Chi-square tests were conducted to assess associations of the variables in the study.
Findings: The study showed that acquisition of clinical competencies is positively correlated with students’ perceptions (r=0.775) (p=0.000), Institutional factors(r=0.668) (p=0.000), clinical learning environment (r=0.556) (p=0.000), clinical feedback (r=0.439) (p=0.000). The study further shows that 69.9% (n=70) had adequate clinical learning experience, while 31% (n=31) had inadequate clinical learning experience. This implies moderate student supervision, feedback, and an unfavorable clinical learning environment. Competency acquisition in student nurses is positively influenced by the active involvement of students' perceptions, institutional factors, and a supportive clinical learning environment. A sufficient amount of clinical experience is pivotal in developing competent student nurses.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Management should always invite experienced professionals to share career experiences to enhance realistic perceptions among nursing students. Students should be given more time to practice in clinical settings, and management should advocate for including student attitude tests in orientation programs across nursing and clinical training universities.
Taxpayer Perception and Income Tax Filing Compliance among Small Taxpayers in Mbarara City
Authors: Kijjambu Dr. Frederick Nsambu , Mwesigye Boaz 
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This study is about establishing the relationship between taxpayer perception and income tax filing compliance among small taxpayers in Mbarara city. The study is driven by the fact that despite Uganda Revenue Authority’s efforts to improve tax compliance, income tax filing compliance is still low among small taxpayers in Uganda in general and Mbarara city in particular.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from 33,979 small taxpayers in Mbarara city out of which 31,324 were individual taxpayers while 2,655 were non-individual taxpayers. The sample size included 380 respondents out of which 350 were individual taxpayers while 30 were non-individual taxpayers. Systematic random sampling was used to select respondents from each of the six divisions of Mbarara city. A questionnaire method was employed in data collection where self-administered 5-point Likert type questionnaire with a Content Validity Index (CVI) of .91 and a Cronbach’s alpha (α) of .86 was used in data collection. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 26.0 where correlation coefficients were generated and presented in a table.
Findings: Results from the correlation analysis revealed that taxpayer perception was positively and significantly related to income tax filing compliance (r=.715**, p<0.05). The study concludes that efforts aimed at improving taxpayer perceptions play a significant role in improving income tax filing compliance.
Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends a need for the government and tax authorities, in this case, Uganda Revenue Authority to put in place strategies and programs aimed at changing individual perceptions, social understanding and personal motivations regarding income tax filing. Some of these strategies include intensifying tax education and outreach services of the mobile tax office ‘Tujenge Bus Services’ to all locations; introducing basic tax education at earlier stages of formal education such that citizens are informed about their future obligations to file income tax returns; translating all information about income tax filing in different local languages and publishing the same in print format for public access at no cost; and recruiting more tax agents within Mbarara city who can assist small taxpayers in income tax filing at a reasonable fee. The assumptions of the Motivational Posturing Theory could also be relevant in assisting the tax authorities to change the personal and societal perceptions about income tax filing and motivate them to willingly comply with their filing obligations. The study has significant implications for policy making as it identifies a need for government and tax authorities to establish policies and offer incentives and motivational postures that prioritize voluntary compliance rather than introducing sanctions to enforce income tax filing compliance.
Robust Observer-Based Controller Design for Constrained Takagi-Sugeno Systems
Authors: Khoualdia Zineb , RIGHI Ines , AOUAOUDA Sabrina , GUECHI El-Hadi , Bouchaour Bilel 
Published: April 2024

This work concerns a descriptor Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy system. The system is subject to disturbances, sensor faults, the presence of unmeasurable premise variables, and input saturation which the latter are considered uncertainties of the system. First, the considered system is transformed into the polytopic representation, and then, a robust Proportional-Integral (PI) observer-based controller is designed. This observer-based controller, can estimate both the system states, and the faults, and stabilize closed-loop state trajectories. An integrated robust controller strategy is adopted by a novel structure of non-Parallel Distributed Compensation (non-PDC) control law. furthermore, the proposed approach expresses the stability conditions of controller design are expressed in terms of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) constrained optimization problem. Using LMI TOOLBOX in MATLAB, we can easily design the type PI observer for efficient robust state/fault estimation and solve the observer-based controller design problem of discrete-time T-S fuzzy systems. Finally, an application to a rolling disc process is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Thermodynamic and cloud evolution in a cold-air outbreak during HALO-(AC)3: quasi-Lagrangian observations compared to the ERA5 and CARRA reanalyses
Authors: Kirbus Benjamin , Schirmacher Imke , Klingebiel Marcus , Schäfer Michael , Ehrlich André , Slättberg Nils , Lucke Johannes , Moser Manuel , Müller Hanno , Wendisch Manfred 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Arctic air masses undergo intense transformations when moving southward from closed sea ice to warmer open waters in marine cold-air outbreaks (CAOs). Due to the lack of measurements of diabatic heating and moisture uptake rates along CAO flows, studies often depend on atmospheric reanalysis output. However, the uncertainties connected to those datasets remain unclear. Here, we present height-resolved airborne observations of diabatic heating, moisture uptake, and cloud evolution measured in a quasi-Lagrangian manner. The investigated CAO was observed on 1 April 2022 during the HALO-(AC)3 campaign. Shortly after passing the sea-ice edge, maximum diabatic heating rates over 6 K h−1 and moisture uptake over 0.3 gkg-1h-1 were measured near the surface. Clouds started forming and vertical mixing within the deepening boundary layer intensified. The quasi-Lagrangian observations are compared with the fifth-generation global reanalysis (ERA5) and the Copernicus Arctic Regional Reanalysis (CARRA). Compared to these observations, the mean absolute errors of ERA5 versus CARRA data are 14 % higher for air temperature over sea ice (1.14 K versus 1.00 K) and 62 % higher for specific humidity over ice-free ocean (0.112 g kg−1 versus 0.069 g kg−1). We relate these differences to issues with the representation of the marginal ice zone and corresponding surface fluxes in ERA5, as well as the cloud scheme producing excess liquid-bearing, precipitating clouds, which causes a too-dry marine boundary layer. CARRA's high spatial resolution and demonstrated higher fidelity towards observations make it a promising candidate for further studies on Arctic air mass transformations.
Directly measuring the power-law exponent and kinetic energy of atmospheric turbulence using coherent Doppler wind lidar
Authors: Xian Jinhong , Lu Chao , Lin Xiaoling , Yang Honglong , Zhang Ning , Zhang Li 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Atmospheric turbulence parameters, such as turbulent kinetic energy and dissipation rate, are of great significance in weather prediction, meteorological disasters, and forecasting. Due to the lack of ideal direct detection methods, traditional structure function methods are mainly based on Kolmogorov's assumption of local isotropic turbulence and the well-known -5/3 power law within the inertial subrange, which limits their application. Here, we propose a method for directly measuring atmospheric turbulence parameters using coherent Doppler wind lidar, which can directly obtain atmospheric turbulence parameters and vertical structural features, breaking the limitations of traditional methods. The first published spatiotemporal distribution map of the power-law exponent of the inertial subrange is provided in this study, which indicates the heterogeneity of atmospheric turbulence at different altitudes and also indicates that the power-law exponent at high altitudes does not fully comply with the -5/3 power law, proving the superiority of our method. We analyze the results under different weather conditions, indicating that the method still holds. The turbulent kinetic energy and power-law index obtained by this method are continuously compared with the results obtained with an ultrasonic anemometer for a month-long period. The results of the two have high consistency and correlation, verifying the accuracy and applicability of the proposed method. The proposed method has great significance in studying the vertical structural characteristics of atmospheric turbulence.
Perkembangan E-commerce: Analisis Dominasi Shopee sebagai Primadona Marketplace di Indonesia
Authors: Alamin Zumhur , Missouri Randitha , Sutriawan Sutriawan , Fathir Fathir , Khairunnas Khairunnas 
Published: April 2024

Dalam era situs jual beli online, peningkatan penggunaan internet secara signifikan berkontribusi positif terhadap perkembangan industri e-commerce di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki dampak signifikan dari e-commerce, khususnya melalui marketplace Shopee, yang merupakan situs penjualan terpopuler di Indonesia. Metode penelitian dilakukan melalui tinjauan literatur, dengan merinci temuan dan pandangan dari studi-studi dalam penelitian terdahulu sebagai landasan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menyoroti dominasi Shopee sebagai pemimpin yang kokoh dalam ranah marketplace di Indonesia. Dengan menerapkan berbagai strategi cerdas, Shopee berhasil membangun reputasi sebagai marketplace terbesar dan paling diminati di Indonesia. Shopee menitikberatkan pada kepuasan pelanggan melalui penawaran produk berkualitas, keamanan transaksi, dan harga yang terjangkau. Keberhasilan Shopee tidak hanya terletak pada ketertarikan konsumen terhadap kemudahan berbelanja secara online, tetapi juga pada komitmen perusahaan untuk menyediakan pengalaman belanja yang memuaskan. Analisis ini memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan kesuksesan Shopee dalam menguasai pasar e-commerce dan khususnya marketplace di Indonesia. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi berharga dalam pemahaman terhadap dinamika e-commerce di Indonesia dan memberikan pandangan untuk perkembangan masa depan industri ini.
Kata Kunci: E-commerce, Shopee, Jual Beli Online, Marketplace