bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐throughput screening of chromatographic separations: III. Monoclonal antibodies on ceramic hydroxyapatite
Authors: Wensel David L. , Kelley Brian D. , Coffman Jon L. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractHigh‐throughput screening (HTS) of chromatography resins for identifying optimal protein purification conditions is becoming an integral part of industrial process development. In this work, ceramic hydroxyapatite (cHA) chromatography of 15 humanized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was examined by HTS. MAb binding, as quantified by partition coefficient (Kp), was measured under 92 combinations of sodium chloride, phosphate, and pH. Binding varied inversely with these variables for all mAbs tested. However, the magnitudes of binding among mAbs under identical conditions varied significantly, showing a >1.5 log range in Kp. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) techniques were used to describe the binding of each mAb as a function of the three screen variables. Linear models relating log Kp to the pH, log[sodium chloride], and log[phosphate] fit the data for each antibody with 93–96% accuracy. From these models, characteristic charge values for the cation exchange and metal coordination components of the multi‐modal mAb/cHA interaction varied twofold across the mAbs, reflecting inherent variability in the number of contacts between a particular mAb and the cHA surface. Furthermore, we reduced the number of test conditions required from 92 to 8 while maintaining an accurate representation of the full binding response surface. This eight‐point modeling method accurately predicted the binding behavior of mAbs as well as mAb aggregates, a common impurity in crude mAb preparations. Using this eight‐point modeling method, binding and selectivity information for mAb and aggregate can be obtained from less than two milligrams of protein, making the method attractive for early manufacturability assessments. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;100: 839–854. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Expanding ecological possibilities
Authors: Montagna Erik , Torres Bayardo B. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBiological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF)1 is classically understood as a process restricted to the rhyzosphere and carried out by only few free‐living organisms. Recent reports present a variety of new representatives of diazotrophs as well as the presence of known nitrogen‐fixing organisms in new habitats. These data were systematized to expand the view on the diazotrophs' ecology and capabilities, bringing new insights on the biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen and its implications on the ecologic chain. With these new discoveries regarding BNF occurrence, we herein bring a brief review systematizing the available new data aiming to help teachers and students in updating their view on this subject, which has been underestimated in most textbooks.
Crossing over: An undergraduate service learning project that connects to biotechnology education in secondary schools
Authors: Hark Amy T. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe importance of engaging students in science and helping them to become informed citizens has been highlighted by many groups invested in science education. This report describes a project that furthers both academic and civic goals through the integration of a service learning component into an undergraduate course. This nonmajors class covers the biology underlying the use of genetic information in today's society and provides students with the opportunity to discuss related ethical and political issues. The service learning project itself involved the creation of instructional materials dealing with the above topics and issues for use in local secondary school classrooms. Students developed materials in a digital media format to allow for revision in response to peer and community feedback. Outcomes of this pilot project suggest benefits to undergraduates as well as high school educators and students. Interdisciplinary collaborations and local educational partnerships have also been developed and strengthened through this work.
An integrated protein chemistry laboratory
Authors: Arkus Kiani A. J. , Jez Joseph M. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractChlorophyll, the most abundant pigment in nature, is degraded during normal plant growth, when leaves change color, and at specific developmental stages. Chlorophyllase catalyzes the first chemical reaction in this process, that is, the hydrolysis of chlorophyll into chlorophyllide. Here, we describe a series of laboratory sessions designed to illustrate a sequence of experiments used as part of the scientific research process and to convey key biochemical concepts. The format guides students through the process of biochemical protein analysis, starting from a recombinant protein expression vector and working through a kinetic analysis of the purified protein. Over the course of these experiments, students learn protocols in basic protein chemistry that allow them to design and conduct a related experiment of their own interest. The described set of laboratories can be tailored to fit either a 4‐ or an 8‐week series of experiments for use in either introductory or advanced biochemistry laboratory courses, respectively.
The accessory heads of flexor pollicis longus and flexor digitorum profundus: Incidence and morphology
Authors: Pai Mangala M. , Nayak Soubhagya R. , Krishnamurthy Ashwin , Vadgaonkar Rajanigandha , Prabhu Latha V. , Ranade Anu V. , Janardhan Jiji P. , Rai Rajalakshmi 
Published: March 2008

AbstractKiloh–Nevin syndrome caused by compressive neuropathy of the anterior interosseous nerve in the forearm is believed to occur because of its compression by the accessory head of flexor pollicis longus (FPLah). Gantzer described two accessory muscles, the more frequent is the FPLah and the less frequently observed is the flexor digitorum profundus accessory head (FDPah). Many studies have reported the prevalence, origin, insertion, nerve supply, and relations of these accessory muscles, most of them focusing on the FPLah. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence, morphology, relation to median and anterior interosseous nerve, and also the coexistence of both the accessory heads. A total of 126 upper limbs of the embalmed cadavers were examined in this study. Fifty‐eight limbs (46.03%) showed the presence of the FPLah and 18 limbs (14.28%) had the FDPah. The most common origin of both the accessory muscle bellies was from the under surface of the flexor digitorum superficialis. The FPLah inserted into the FPL muscle at varying levels with 80% inserting into the proximal third of FPL, whereas the FDPah in all cases ended near the level of the wrist joining with one or more tendons of the FDP. Clinical implication of the variation is discussed. Clin. Anat. 21:252–258, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis of Selenocysteine and Its Derivatives with an Emphasis on Selenenylsulfide (SeS) Formation
Authors: Wessjohann Ludger A. , Schneider Alex 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA short survey of historic and current methods for the synthesis of selenocysteine, selenocystine, and derivatives and related compounds is presented, with an additional emphasis on the formation of selenocysteine‐derived SeS bridges. The majority of methods to the amino acid starts with protected and O‐activated serine, but also other concepts are included such as radical or multicomponent strategies, the latter allowing also direct access to peptoids in one pot. Of special importance is the monomeric oxidative cyclization of selenocysteine–cysteine peptides to eight‐membered and larger rings with a selenenylsulfide bridge, a crucial element in several selenoproteins.
Selenium Analogues of Antithyroid Drugs – Recent Developments
Authors: Roy Gouriprasanna , Mugesh Govindasamy 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThyroxine (T4), the main secretory hormone of the thyroid gland, is produced on thyroglobulin by thyroid peroxidase (TPO)/H2O2/iodide system and deiodinated to its active form (T3) by a selenocysteine‐containing enzyme, iodothyronine deiodinase (ID). The activation of thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor by auto‐antibodies leads to ‘hyperthyroidism’, a life‐threatening disease which is treated by antithyroid drugs such as 6‐propyl‐2‐thiouracil (PTU) and methimazole (MMI). The present review describes the biological activities of a number of S/Se derivatives bearing the methimazole pharmacophore. It is shown that the isosteric substitutions in the existing drugs lead to compounds that can effectively and reversibly inhibit the heme‐containing lactoperoxidase (LPO). In contrast to methimazole, the selenium analogue, MSeI, does not interfere with the enzyme directly, but it inhibits LPO by reducing the H2O2 that is required for the oxidation of the Fe‐center in LPO. These studies reveal that the degradation of the intracellular H2O2 by the Se analogues of antithyroid drugs may be beneficial to the thyroid gland, as these compounds may act as antioxidants and protect thyroid cells from oxidative damage. Because the drugs with an action essentially on H2O2 can reversibly inhibit the thyroid peroxidase, such drugs could be of great importance in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.
Enhanced Antioxidant Formula Based on a Selenium‐Supplemented Carotenoid‐Producing Yeast Biomass
Authors: Breierová Emília , Gregor Tomáš , Marová Ivana , Čertík Milan , Kogan Grigorij 
Published: March 2008

AbstractCarotenoid‐producing yeast species such as Rhodotorula glutinis and Sporobolomyces roseus efficiently accumulated selenium from the growth medium. It was observed that incorporation of selenium into yeast cells during the growth inhibited production of β‐carotenoid and other carotenoid precursors (torularhodin and torulene). The yeasts with high content of the carotenoid pigments and selenium may be used for the preparation of a new type of antioxidant formula that could be directly applied for various human and animal diets. We have demonstrated that such a formula can only be produced by separate processes of the cultivation of red yeasts and a subsequent sorption of selenium into the cells.
Multi‐block methods in multivariate process control
Authors: Kohonen Jarno , Reinikainen Satu‐Pia , Aaljoki Kari , Perkiö Annikki , Väänänen Taito , Höskuldsson Agnar 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn chemometric studies all predictor variables are usually collected in one data matrix X. This matrix is then analyzed by PLS regression or other methods. When data from several different sub‐processes are collected in one matrix, there is a possibility that the effects of some sub‐processes may vanish. If there is, for instance, mechanic data from one process and spectral data from another, the influence of the mechanic sub‐process may not be detected. An application of multi‐block (MB) methods, where the X‐data are divided into several data blocks is presented in this study. By using MB methods the effect of a sub‐process can be seen and an example with two blocks, near infra‐red, NIR, and process data, is shown. The results show improvements in modelling task, when a MB‐based approach is used. This way of working with data gives more information on the process than if all data are in one X‐matrix. The procedure is demonstrated by an industrial continuous process, where knowledge about the sub‐processes is available and X‐matrix can be divided into blocks between process variables and NIR spectra. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Semi‐empirical topological index to predict properties of halogenated aliphatic compounds
Authors: Arruda Anna Celia Silva , Junkes Berenice da Silva , Souza Érica Silva , Yunes Rosendo Augusto , Heinzen Vilma Edite Fonseca 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThis study was carried out to show the predictive capacity of the semi‐empirical topological index (IET) in estimating some important physical properties; melting point, Mp (°C), boiling point, Bp (°C), and experimental log p of halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons. The retention index (RI) values of 141 compounds were used in the building of this specific model of the IET. The simple linear regression between RIExp and the IET exhibits high quality with a coefficient of determination of r2 = 0.9995, standard deviation of SD = 8 and leave‐one‐out cross‐validation correlation coefficient of $r_{{\bf cv}}^2 $ = 0.999. The best correlations between experimental melting, Mp (°C), and boiling Bp (°C) points, and I ET were achieved through quadratic polynomial equations. The correlation of Bp (°C) with IET for 86 compounds showed excellent results: r2 = 0.9971, SD = 4.2, $r_{{\bf cv}}^2 $ = 0.997. From this equation the values of 24 compounds not included in the model were calculated (r2 = 0.9931; SD = 7.6). The correlation between Mp (°C) and IET for 43 compounds was very good (r2 = 0.9865; SD = 6.1; $r_{{\bf cv}}^2 $ = 0.985), and experimental values of eight compounds not included in the initial model also showed good correlation with calculated values (r2 = 0.9903; SD = 4.1). Finally, for 19 compounds the correlation between the experimental log p‐value and that calculated using the IET method gave a value of r2 = 0.9871, while the correlation with the value obtained using the most used Fragment Addition Method was r2 = 0.9750. These results show the predictive capacity of the IET for these physical properties. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multivariate strategies for classification of Eucalyptus globulus genotypes using carbohydrates content and NIR spectra for evaluation of their cold resistance
Authors: Castillo Rosario , Otto Matthias , Freer Juanita , Valenzuela Sofía 
Published: March 2008

AbstractDifferent strategies of classification are tested and compared over near infrared (NIR) spectra and carbohydrates content data of genotypes of Eucalyptus globulus. Strategies used for the classification were regularized discriminant analysis (RDA) for carbohydrates content data and for the singular NIR spectral data, partial least squares (PLS) for reduction of variables to the scores matrix of NIR spectra plus RDA for classification (PLS/RDA on scores) and PLS‐discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA). Different types of discriminant functions were tested in PLS/RDA on scores method. Results obtained using NIR scores data outperformed those results obtained with carbohydrate content data. Comparison between specified PLS/RDA on scores strategies showed best classifications of the genotypes when parameters λ and γ pertaining to linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA) were used, with 0% risk of misclassification and 100% of correctly assigned samples in the external validation sets for classification of the genotypes by forest company and by cold chamber while external validation for classification of genotypes by cold resistance degree shows 70 and 90% of correctly assigned samples for sensible and tolerant genotypes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimizing the efficiency of cross‐validation in linear discriminant analysis through selective use of the Sherman–Morrison– Woodbury inversion formula
Authors: Tapp Henri S. , Kemsley E. Katherine 
Published: March 2008

AbstractCross‐validation (CV) is a necessary stage in the development of multivariate discriminant models, but is potentially very time‐consuming. Significant time saving is possible by employing update formula to avoid unnecessary recalculations. We show that using the Sherman–Morrison–Woodbury (SMW) inversion formula can sometimes provide additional speed gains. The potential gain depends on the structure of the dataset and CV approach. We recommend comparing rival schemes before starting long computational tasks. Datasets and Matlab® m‐files are available at www.metabolomics‐nrp.org.uk/publications.html Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proton‐Mediated Redox Control in a Nickel(II)–Bisimidazolate Complex: Spectroscopic Characterisation and Density Functional Analysis
Authors: Lassalle‐Kaiser Benedikt , Guillot Régis , Sainton Joëlle , Charlot Marie‐France , Aukauloo Ally 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe synthesis and characterisation of the pro‐ligand LH4, in which L is the o‐phenylenebisamide‐2‐imidazole and its nickel(II) complexes are reported. The X‐ray structures of the fully protonated [NiLH2] and deprotonated [NiL] complexes are presented. The effects of the deprotonation of the imidazole functions on the electronic structure of the complexes are analysed by 1H NMR, UV/Vis and IR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations support the analysis based on experimental data. The singly oxidised form of the deprotonated complex [NiL] was generated by preparative electrolysis and its electronic structure was investigated. Spectroelectrochemistry shows the appearance of intense transitions in the region λ=600–900 nm with several isosbestic points. X‐band EPR spectroscopy presents an isotropic signal at g=2.03, whereas the Q‐band EPR reveals a weak anisotropic signal characteristic of a metalloradical species. DFT and TDDFT data support the description of the species as a nickel(II)‐radical form, with a major contribution of the spin density on the phenylene ring and the amidate functions with a negligible participation of the imidazolate groups. This finding is in sharp contrast with those obtained from the one‐electron‐oxidised form of nickel(II) complexes containing phenolate groups.1–3
Synthesis, Resolution, and Absolute Configuration of Difunctionalized Tröger's Base Derivatives
Authors: Kiehne Ulf , Bruhn Torsten , Schnakenburg Gregor , Fröhlich Roland , Bringmann Gerhard , Lützen Arne 
Published: March 2008

AbstractTwo racemic derivatives of Tröger's base, the 2,8‐diboronic acid ester 6 and the 3,9‐dibromo‐substituted derivative 5, were synthesized and successfully resolved by HPLC on a chiral stationary Whelk‐01 phase on a semipreparative scale, thereby giving rise to both enantiomers in a pure form. These functionalized C2‐symmetric building blocks are valuable precursors for a variety of further applications. Their absolute configurations were determined by comparison of their quantum chemically calculated CD and UV/Vis spectra with the experimental ones and were independently confirmed by X‐ray diffraction analysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Ternary Rare‐Earth Manganese Bismuthides: Structures and Physical Properties of Ln3MnBi5 (Ln: La—Nd) and Sm2Mn3Bi6.
Authors: Zelinska Oksana Ya. , Mar Arthur 
Published: March 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 2H3O× [Co8(HPO3)9(CH3OH)3] ×2H2O: An Open‐Framework Cobalt Phosphite Containing Extra‐Large 18‐Ring Channels.
Authors: Zhao Lang , Li Jiyang , Chen Peng , Li Guanghua , Yu Jihong , Xu Ruren 
Published: March 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Features and Applications of [Rh(CO)2Cl]2‐Catalyzed Alkylations of Unsymmetrical Allylic Substrates.
Authors: Ashfeld Brandon L. , Miller Kenneth A. , Smith Anna J. , Tran Kristy , Martin Stephen F. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ni‐Catalyzed Cascade Formation of C(sp3)—C(sp3) Bonds by Cyclization and Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Iodoalkanes with Alkyl Zinc Halides.
Authors: Phapale Vilas B. , Bunuel Elena , Garcia‐Iglesias Miguel , Cardenas Diego J. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Dialkyl 4‐Bromo‐2,2‐dimethyl‐3‐oxohexane‐1,6‐dioates, ‐heptane‐1,7‐dioates with Zinc and Aromatic Aldehydes.
Authors: Shchepin V. V. , Nikitin S. V. , Filimonov S. A. , Russkikh N. Yu. , Silaichev P. S. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of Sulfonylureas from Carboxylic Acids and Sulfonamides via an in situ Curtius Rearrangement.
Authors: Luckhurst Christopher A. , Millichip Ian , Parker Beth , Reuberson James , Furber Mark 
Published: March 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbonyl Reduction with CaH2 and R3SiCl Catalyzed by ZnCl2.
Authors: Tsuhako Akiko , He Jing‐Qian , Mihara Mariko , Saino Naoko , Okamoto Sentaro 
Published: March 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Amination of Aldehydes and Ketones in a Heterogeneous System in THF and under Solvent‐Free Conditions Using Sodium Borohydride‐Silica Phosphoric Acid.
Authors: Alinezhad Heshmatollah , Tajbakhsh Mahmoud , Ahangar Roja Enayati 
Published: March 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligand‐Free Copper‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation of Nitrogen Nucleophiles.
Authors: Correa Arkaitz , Bolm Carsten 
Published: March 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Catalytic System for Hydrosilylation of Ketones with Iron(II) Acetate—Thiophenecarboxylate.
Authors: Furuta Akihiro , Nishiyama Hisao 
Published: March 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.