bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capturing Sustainability Issues in the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Muir James , Reidinger Rick , Chan Yoke Mun 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Many oil and gas companies have made public commitments to sustainable development since the 1992 Earth Summit. However in the run up to Rio+10, few, if any, companies can claim to have substantially altered the perceptions of the public, customers, NGOs and others. It is evident that measures such as EHS policies, ISO14001 certification and public reporting are not sufficient to convince internal and external stakeholders. In addition, a piecemeal approach is unlikely to capture the full range of sustainability risks and opportunities. This paper argues that this can only be done through the development and implementation of a corporate sustainability strategy and suggests a six stage methodology for such a course of action.
Development of the API Compendium of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimation Methodologies for the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Ritter Karin , Lev-On Miriam , Shires Theresa 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Understanding the sources and quantities of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is critical to developing an emissions inventory that accurately represents oil and natural gas industry operations. In response to continued interest by its member companies about consistency in emissions estimation, the American Petroleum Institute (API) developed a Compendium of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimation Methodologies for the Oil and Gas Industry. The Compendium is a result of more than a year long effort by API to screen, evaluate and document a range of calculation techniques and emission factors that could be useful for developing GHG emissions inventories.
In this work all oil and gas industry segments from exploration and production to transportation, refining and distribution were considered. Particular emphasis has been placed on including estimation techniques that depend on knowledge of oil and gas processing simulation, along with a ranking of preferred and alternate methods.
Initially distributed in June 2001 as a "Road-Test" document, API will continue to gather comments from end users and other interested parties for a one-year trial period. API has reached out to governmental, non-governmental and industry associations during the development process to ensure broad peer-review. Additional opportunities will be sought for further discussions prior to finalizing the document in 2002.
This paper will summarize the technical approach adopted for the Compendium and introduce some of the techniques for estimating GHG emissions from specific oil and gas industry operations. It will discuss decisions that need to be made when designing a GHG emissions inventory. It will also present findings from users of the Compendium and feedback from end-user reviews.
Managing Seismic Operation in a Sensitive Environment
Authors: Suripno Suripno , Asmaradewi Gayatri , Djamhoer Agus , Fazrie Nurul , Berly Mohammad , Suroto Suroto 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Tunu is a gas field located in the eastern part of Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The field has been produced by TotalFinaElf E&P Indonesie since 1984 in the sensitive ecosystem. The other main activities in the delta are shrimp farming and fishing activities. The delta is of economical importance in terms of fish and shrimp resources due to the use of delta as spawning ground and feeding ground.
A 2D survey has been carried out in transition zone and deep water zone in the eastern part of Tunu. Most seismic lines were overlapping with the fishing grounds of more than 1200 fishermen in the area of 400 km2. Managing seismic operation in such sensitive area needs careful planning. Seismic survey should be planned, organized, and implemented in an environmentally safe manner to prevent several complex problems that could emerge. The following precautions has been taken long time prior to the operation and continued during the seismic operations: ♦Socialization of seismic activities to local communities prior to the operation♦Co-ordination between local government/regulatory agencies, local communities, contractor, and company♦Establishment of Working Committee which consists of representatives from company, local government, and local community♦Tests for environmental effect assessment of airguns♦Extensive fish catch monitoring prior to, during, and after seismic operations.
The overall approaches have resulted in conclusion that there is no significant impact from the seismic operations and that adverse impact could be minimized hence leading to acceptance of seismic operations by all level of local communities.
Community Health Outreach Programs - Strategies for Success
Authors: Moreau Jean-Marie , Balge Marci Z. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Community Health Outreach Programs (CHOP) are developed in communities surrounding permanent exploration and production facilities in order to aid in the improvement of near and long-term health status of the surrounding community, while mitigating potential serious disease threats to the project workforce. The underlying strategies for the Chad Development Project CHOP will be presented. These strategies include stakeholder interaction, program development, and program monitoring. The stakeholder interaction phase includes coordination with local programs, baseline data collection and communication with local residents. Program development strategies include: option development, option appraisal by multidisciplinary committee, option review and approval, integration of options in an annual program and budget, and assignment of responsibilities. Monitoring approaches focus on spot reviews and audits. Preliminary results of this effort along with lessons learned will be presented.
Managing the Skills of your HSE Professionals in a Global World
Authors: Kalff J. L. , Jones T. Gower 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Shell has moved to an open resources and global consultancy market to deploy staff worldwide, this new concept for the business has raised challenges in the management of skill pools. It requires a re-evaluation of the HSE Skills portfolio, staff competency assessment methodology, Skill Gap identification and Development/Deployment strategy.
It needs new criteria for decision-making: which balances the individual development needs (Value Proposition) and the short and long-term business requirements. The HSE skill pools while smaller than the geo-scientists and engineers is affected in the same way.
We have been required to balance short-term staff requirements with long-term needs in a free market and open resourcing framework.
Along the way, we have been faced with challenges such as: ■Difficulty in the introduction of New Ways of Working e.g. Global HSE Skill Forum concepts, convincing staff of the benefits sharing and communicating via a Global Interest Network■Resource constraints to work HSE global issues■Communication to achieve standardisation between other Skill Fora
In this paper/presentation we discuss the challenges and the way forward to manage the HSE Global Skill Pool.
Road Transport Safety Management - A Successful Transformation Journey
Authors: Tan G. T. , Sany M. N. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
In 1997 Shell Malaysia Oil Products (SMOP) embarked on a radical transformation journey of its road transport operations which resulting in significant improvement in road safety performance. The transformation journey is a complex linkage and integration of six basic elements, which was essential in the management of road transport safety (RTS).
Through this methodology SMOP managed to achieve a step change in improvement in its road transport safety performance. These included a significant decline in the road fatality involving SMOP lorries, rapid improvement in the percentage of drivers and hauliers in their respective leagues table and positive mindset change in drivers, hauliers and SMOP staff. The Shell Group has rated SMOP's linkage of drivers and hauliers performance to that of SMOP's operations as well as the drivers' and hauliers' leagues system as best practices in the Group.
HSE Management for E&P Supply Base
Authors: Charusalaipong Prapon , Laobusnanant Prasert 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
The Challenge is to instill Safety Cultures and Awareness to Local Contractors/workers and maintain a No Lost Time Accident Safety Record.
PTT Exploration & Production (PTTEP) Songkhla Logistics Supply Base is positioned in the South Peninsular of Thailand and provides its supports/ services to drilling rigs, construction barges, seismic operations and Bongkot Gas Field, which situated in the Gulf of Thailand and 180 km away from shore.
The services are delivery of materials and transportation of personnel from onshore to offshore by means of marine vessels and helicopters.
The logistics base comprises 4 main locations e.g. main offices/warehouses, heliport, jetty and safety training centre. Hazardous activities are pipe handling, marine operations, drilling support workshop, waste management, fuel handling and storage, construction work, engineering & fabrication, chemical handling and storage, aviation operations, safety training activities.
The Logistics Base operations are undertaken by 23 PTTEP employees and 120 contract staff. Despite the hazardous nature of the work that could lead to lost time and equipment damage incident, the safety performance record is exemplary.
Methodology and Process: This enviable record and success was achieved through the care and attention of safety of the mixed PTTEP and contractor workforce who were supported by PTTEP and contractor management policy and commitment i.e. Contractual requirement – Safety Notice to ContractorCommunication – regular safety meeting and contractor
HSE forum Worker Participation – Safety Promotion and AwardTraining and SeminarAudits – Safety management system using a recognized international safety rating system (ISRS) as guidelines.
Results and Conclusions: Better Safety Performance i.e. since 28th November 1997 over 1 million man-hours have been worked. In this time there has not been a single Lost Time Accident at the 4 Songkhla Logistic Base Sites or amongst the staff and contractors who have been working on construction projects on both PTTEP onshore and offshore assets.Increase of Local Workforce Safety Attitudes and Awareness.Highly commended "Safety Performance" from British Gas Chairman's Award 2001.
Implementation of Safety Management System (SMS) at a Jack-Up Rig and an Offshore Process Complex in Western Offshore, India – A Case Study
Authors: Kharangate Keshav S. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
A Project was undertaken for developing and implementing a Safety Management System (SMS) at an offshore jack-up rig and an offshore process complex in the Western Offshore of India.
The objective of the project was to improve the SMS at these sites by developing a documented SMS based on loss control philosophy and the in process improvements were measured using the International Safety Rating System (ISRS) a very useful tool of Det Norske Veritas (DNV). DNV, Singapore was engaged as the consultant for the project.
The project involved selecting competent persons for this project, training them, and then implementing this project at the two sites. It was a process of change management. The project involved the following phases:Phase I : Selection of Personnel (Project Team)Phase II : Development of awareness for the project.Phase III: Training for the selected personnelPhase IV: SMS AuditPhase V : Development of SMS ManualPhase VI: Implementation of SMSPhase VII: ISRS audit to judge the improvement
The paper details the whole process, right from selection of personnel, their training, and the methodology adopted for developing the safety management system manual, to the strategies adopted for its implementation. The paper also briefly describes the SMS developed and its elements and its features. Thus this paper is based on actual experience and is presented in the form of a case study.
Benefiting Communities: Lessons from Around the Atlantic
Authors: Shrimpton Mark 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
When frontier region communities and governments are first faced with oil and gas exploration and development they are often fearful of the implications and largely reactive, trying to stop it or limit its negative social, economic and environmental effects, while at the same time still hoping to achieve some share of any economic benefits. Based on first-hand experience with offshore petroleum activity in Atlantic Canada, Scotland, Norway, the Faroe Islands and the Falkland Islands, as well as with mining, smelter and hydro-electric projects in various parts of the world, this paper explores more proactive and strategic approaches. A number of specific optimization tools, and broader requirements for success in delivering benefits, are discussed.
‘Planting our Future’ with Neighbouring Communities – A National Energy Company Experience
Authors: Ramnath Kelvin , Dyal Shyam 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
As the National Energy Company of Trinidad and Tobago, Petrotrin is committed to the sustainable use of natural resources and environmental protection and seeks to develop and implement a proactive environmental outreach programme with our neighbouring communities.
The elements of Petrotrin's Environmental Outreach programmes are: 1)Implementation of a school beautification programme, which involved the distribution of plants to 25 selected schools within the Company's operational areas. The objective of this is to increase environmental awareness among children while simultaneously promoting an aesthetically pleasing environment.2)Construction of a recreational facility and restoration of the Pointe-a-Pierre Beach adjacent to the island's sole refinery, for residents of the surrounding communities. There is an absence of such facilities along a 70 km stretch on the west coast of Trinidad. The project includes protection of the eroded coastline, and the improvement of the area aesthetically for use by the public for recreational purposes. This facility is estimated to cost over US$2,000,000, the majority of which will be incurred in the construction of a concrete sea wall which will protect the restored beach from further erosion. Petrotrin recognizes the importance and numerous benefits of fostering a harmonious relationship with our neighbours.3)Donation of twelve (12) Advanced GLOBE (Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment) Kits to secondary schools over the last three (3) years in commemoration of World Environment Day. Donations have also been given for the printing and publication of a PAHO booklet " Healthy Homes, Healthy Communities" for primary school children. 4) Participation by students of primary and secondary schools in a Climate Change Essay Competition, which was aimed at increasing their knowledge on the effects of Climate Change.
Petrotrin's Board of Directors and Management stand behind this commitment, championing the company's environmental responsibilities to provide a healthier living and working community.
Towards a Multi-Level Social Assessment Framework: Effects and Responses to Change in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Cluck Rodney E. , Luton Harry 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
This paper discusses social impacts of offshore oil and gas development on human communities, families, and individuals in the Gulf of Mexico. It will describe the findings of selected Minerals Management Service research efforts. Impacts from oil and gas development on communities, families, and individuals are difficult to identify for several reasons. First, many social forces impinge on the family and individual such as mass communication, changes in education, and increasing community heterogeneity, just to name a few. Second, most impacts of oil and gas are not unique to that industry. Even the effects of fly-in/fly-out shift work are found in other industries. Finally, the oil and gas industry is not a single entity. It is a complex array of different operators, local business people, port directors, fabrication operators, etc. Therefore, change and effects vary from one community to the next in the same geographic region. However, commonalties do exist. The nature of these effects suggest that "classic" social impact assessment techniques can be improved and made more explicit by developing a "multilevel" conceptual framework.
How communities and industry are affected and respond to social change represents key factors in community development strategies. These factors are pieces of a larger historical context of industrial development and social change, but they are manifested in a unique area and people that have been involved in the offshore oil industry since its birth. The authors use Structuration Theory to argue that it is important for industry, community, people as well as government to understand the complexities of this change and its integration, which ultimately effects the dynamics of social institutions. This paper discusses these changes, along with responses to these changes that can be used and developed by government, the oil and gas industry and local communities.
An Innovative Rigless Method for Perforating, Evaluating and Stimulating a Live Well
Authors: Soto Bryan , Almanza Edgar , Scott Martin , Favret Mark 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
As development of hydrocarbon reserves continues to move into deeper and more complex reservoir conditions, operators have found that conventional techniques for testing, perforating, and stimulating have not been capable of providing satisfactory results in the severe well conditions. Even if operationally satisfactory, they have been unable to meet the goals for cost efficiency.
This paper describes an experience in the Tropical Field, located in eastern Venezuela and operated by Repsol - YPF in which the reservoir is characterized by high-pressure reservoirs and complex geology due to faults and high-dip-angle formations. Repsol needed a method that would optimize well testing operations, improve safety, and cut costs without compromising the results of the operation; thus, a major change to traditional drill stem testing operations was needed. A technique, which would eliminate the need to kill the well to retrieve the guns and also provide the flexibility to test, evaluate, and fracture the well, was suggested. Instead of using a drilling rig or a work-over unit as in the standard drill- stem testing operation, the procedure would allow the operator to perform a rigless well test evaluation using optimum underbalanced conditions in favor of the reservoir.
Several alternatives were evaluated for perforating and testing the well. After thorough examination of all possibilities, snubbing- and coiled-tubing-conveyed perforating (CTCP) methods were selected as the most promising alternatives for achieving the objectives proposed at the beginning of the project. While coiled tubing had been used to perforate in other areas in Venezuela, coiled tubing combined with snubbing had not been used in Venezuela.
This paper will focus on the methods developed to satisfy the operational challenges, the results obtained with the use of the newly applied technologies, and how the technology was able to address the operator's needs as well as the difficult reservoir conditions. Instrumental in the success of the methodology was the combined use of super-deep penetration technology, state-of-the-art memory tools for depth correlation, real time data transmission, and the flexibility to perform several operations during a rigless well-test evaluation. This case history represents the first live-well intervention using snubbing and coiled-tubing perforating techniques performed successfully in eastern Venezuela.
CO2 Injection for Enhanced Gas Production and Carbon Sequestration
Authors: Oldenburg Curtis M. , Benson Sally M. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Analyses suggest that carbon dioxide (CO2) can be injected into depleted gas reservoirs to enhance methane (CH4) recovery for periods on the order of 10 years, while simultaneously sequestering large amounts of CO2. Simulations applicable to the Rio Vista Gas Field in California show that mixing between CO2 and CH4 is slow relative to repressurization, and that vertical density stratification favors enhanced gas recovery.
Real-Time, Time-Lapse Resistivity Logging With a Wired Composite Tubing
Authors: Dalton Christopher L. , Paulk Martin D. , Bittar Michael 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
The development of a wired composite tubing enables the continuous acquisition and transmission of petrophysical and drilling dynamics data during all phases of a drilling operation. This capability results in logging passes for each bit trip throughout the life of the well. The operator can then correlate and compare the data in real-time to better understand the borehole stability. This paper presents two case studies that illustrate the value of real-time time-lapse logging to a drilling operation.
Fractured Reservoir Parameters Estimation Considering Multiple Block Size
Authors: Rafael Rodríguez-N. , Héber Cinco-L. , Fernando Samaniego-V. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
A procedure is developed to estimate the variability of the block size from pressure drawdown data, applying an optimization technique; in other words, the inverse problem is solved.
The confidence of the estimated results is evaluated by applying the confidence limits theory and the procedure is illustrated using data from a simulated pressure drawdown test. On the other hand, the estimated parameters of the variability of the block size were used to obtain results for the pressure derivative function; the agreement with the simulated pressure drawdown data was very good.
Finally, a theory was developed and applied to obtain the imbibition flow rate in water wet naturally fractured reservoirs, using the estimated parameters of the variability of the block size, in an oil recovery process by water injection.
Evaluation and Control of Drilling, Completion and Workover Events with Permanent Downhole Monitoring: Applications to Maximize Production and Optimize Reservoir Management
Authors: Ballinas Javier 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Permanent downhole monitoring can provide valuable information for production decisions without requiring well intervention to gather data. A permanet monitoring system can be integrated with an intelligent completion system taking advange of the downhole infrastructure and may improve reservoir management.
Greater reliability, higher temperature ratings, lower costs, a wide range of sensor types, and efficient data management and analysis allow operators to exploit the technology and extract more value from production data. Recent advances have yielded smaller, less-expensive, and more-reliable systems with higher temperature and pressure ratings. Knowledge of the reservoir is updated and used continuously to optimize field development throughout the life of the reservoir.
Permanent continuous downhole sensors are becoming more accurate and reliable. High-temperature operation and long-term reliability of permanent-downhole-monitoring systems improved with the use of sensors that do not require downhole electronics with novel data acquisition options like cases mentioned in this paper.
This paper shows examples of permanent downhole monitoring applied to artificial-lift, sand control, cementing and fracturing operations, observation wells and reservoir management applications.