bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards a real‐time transient classification engine
Authors: Bloom J.S. , Starr D.L. , Butler N.R. , Nugent P. , Rischard M. , Eads D. , Poznanski D. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractTemporal sampling does more than add another axis to the vector of observables. Instead, under the recognition that how objects change (and move) in time speaks directly to the physics underlying astronomical phenomena, next‐generation wide‐field synoptic surveys are poised to revolutionize our understanding of just about anything that goes bump in the night (which is just about everything at some level). Still, even the most ambitious surveys will require targeted spectroscopic follow‐up to fill in the physical details of newly discovered transients. We are now building a new system intended to ingest and classify transient phenomena in near real‐time from high‐throughput imaging data streams. Described herein, theTransient Classification Projectat Berkeley will be making use of classification techniques operating on “features” extracted from time series and contextual (static) information. We also highlight the need for a community adoption of a standard representation of astronomical time series data (ie. “VOTimeseries”). (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An overview of the heterogeneous telescope network system: Concept, scalability and operation
Authors: White R.R. , Allan A. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn the coming decade there will be an avalanche of data streams devoted to astronomical exploration opening new windows of scientific discovery. The shear volume of data and the diversity of event types (Kantor 2006; Kaiser 2004; Vestrand & Theiler & Wozniak 2004) will necessitate; the move to a common language for the communication of event data, and enabling telescope systems with the ability to not just simply respond, but to act independently in order to take full advantage of available resources in a timely manner. Developed over the past three years, the Virtual Observatory Event (VOEvent) provides the best format for carrying these diverse event messages (White et al. 2006a; Seaman & Warner 2006). However, in order for the telescopes to be able to act independently, a system of interoperable network nodes must be in place, that will allow the astronomical assets to not only issue event notifications, but to coordinate and request specific observations. The Heterogeneous Telescope Network (HTN) is a network architecture that can achieve the goals set forth and provide a scalable design to match both fully autonomous and manual telescope system needs (Allan et al. 2006a;White et al. 2006b; Hessman 2006b). In this paper we will show the design concept of this meta‐network and nodes, their scalable architecture and complexity, and how this concept can meet the needs of institutions in the near future. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Short-term outcomes following total minimally invasive oesophagectomy
Authors: Berrisford R G , Wajed S A , Sanders D , Rucklidge M W M 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBackgroundMinimally invasive oesophagectomy (MIO; thoracoscopy, laparoscopy, cervical anastomosis) is a complex procedure and few substantial series have been published. This study documented the morbidity, mortality and challenges of adopting MIO in a specialist unit in the UK.MethodsA prospective group of 77 patients was listed consecutively with the intention of performing MIO. Three other patients underwent open oesophagectomy during the study period.ResultsMIO was attempted in 77 patients, completed successfully in 70, abandoned in six patients (8 per cent) with unsuspected metastatic disease, and converted to a thoracoscopic anastomosis in one patient. There was one in-hospital death (1 per cent). Complications occurred in 33 patients (47 per cent), including nine gastric conduit-related complications (13 per cent). Median lymph node harvest was 21 (range 7–48) nodes. Mean overall and disease-free survival times were 35 and 33 months respectively. Median disease-free survival for patients with stage III disease was 26 months.ConclusionMIO can be performed with acceptable mortality and morbidity rates in an unselected series of patients. There was more morbidity related to gastric tube ischaemia than was expected.
Predictive value of common symptom combinations in diagnosing colorectal cancer (Br J Surg 2007; 94: 1260–1265)
Authors: Cade D 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
The Editors welcome topical correspondence from readers relating to articles published in the Journal. Responses should be sent electronically via the BJS website (www.bjs.co.uk). All letters will be reviewed and, if approved,appear on the website. A selection of these will be edited and published in the Journal. Letters must be no more than 250 words in length.
Controllability analysis of modified Petlyuk structures
Authors: Tamayo‐Galván Victoria E. , Segovia‐Hernández Juan Gabriel , Hernández Salvador , Hernández Héctor 
Published: March 2008

AbstractFully thermally coupled distillation columns (Petlyuk‐type columns) represent an interesting alternative to conventional distillation sequences used in multicomponent mixture separation processes, due to potential savings in both energy and capital costs. However, possible operational difficulties have limited the industrial applications of Petlyuk systems. Some of the control challenges result from the transfer of vapour stream back and forth between columns. This means that those columns do not display a uniform lower or higher pressure with respect to the other. Recently, some alternative Petlyuk‐type schemes that might provide better operation properties than the traditional Petlyuk column have been proposed. In this work, the theoretical control properties of six alternative schemes to the Petlyuk system were obtained and compared. This was performed by using the singular value decomposition (SVD) technique in the frequency domain. Also, dynamic closed‐loop responses for set point tracking and disturbance rejection were obtained to support the theoretical control properties. The results showed that the reduction in the number of interconnections and the use of unidirectional flows affected the dynamic properties of the complex schemes leading to potential operational advantages in thermally coupled distillation sequences.
Asymmetric Bioreduction of Activated C=C Bonds Using Zymomonas mobilis NCR Enoate Reductase and Old Yellow Enzymes OYE 1–3 from Yeasts (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 9/2008)
Authors: Hall Mélanie , Stueckler Clemens , Hauer Bernhard , Stuermer Rainer , Friedrich Thomas , Breuer Michael , Kroutil Wolfgang , Faber Kurt 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe cover picture shows a culture of yeast cells, whose flavin‐dependent reductases – their three‐dimensional structure is depicted in the magnifying glass – catalyse the asymmetric bioreduction of C=C bonds. Although these enzymes have been identified already in 1932, their true physiological role remains largely a mystery. Thanks to advances in genetic engineering, these biocatalysts are now becoming available in sufficient amounts to allow their application for preparative‐scale biotransformations: Although their “natural” substrates are still unknown, the study of K. Faber et al. on p. 1511 ff shows that they accept an astonishing variety of alkenes bearing an electron‐withdrawing group – such as a enals, enones, α,β‐unsaturated imides, or nitroalkenes – to furnish the corresponding alkanes with excellent stereoselectivities. S. Kohlwein and G. Oberdorfer are thanked for their contribution in the design of the graphic.
Computation of AC flashover voltage of polluted HV insulators using a dynamic arc model
Authors: Gencoglu M. T. , Cebeci M. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractFlashover of polluted insulators is still a serious threat to the safe operation of a power transmission system. Despite the extensive investigations carried out on the pollution performance of the insulators, the flashover characteristics are not well understood. Recent theoretical and experimental research on polluted insulators is yet to yield a perfect generalized mathematical model which can accurately predict critical flashover voltage. In this paper, the pollution flashover on the high voltage insulators has been investigated and a new dynamic arc model has been proposed. For this purpose, firstly the concerned insulators' scaled shapes were partitioned into triangular elements, then finite element method (FEM) was implemented for obtaining potential distribution on the surface of insulator and finally flashover voltages were determined by using the developed arc model. For a number of common insulators of different geometries the computed results of flashover voltages on the selected string insulators have been compared to experimental results of some other research. Pollution flashover behaviors of the insulators have been taken into consideration and the validity of the model was thus verified. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
E‐selectin regulates gene expression in metastatic colorectal carcinoma cells and enhances HMGB1 release
Authors: Aychek Tegest , Miller Keren , Sagi‐Assif Orit , Levy‐Nissenbaum Orlev , Israeli‐Amit Mira , Pasmanik‐Chor Metsada , Jacob‐Hirsch Jasmin , Amariglio Ninette , Rechavi Gideon , Witz Isaac P. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractExtravasation of cancer cells is a pivotal step in the formation of hematogenous metastasis. Extravasation is initiated by the loose adhesion of cancer cells to endothelial cells via an interaction between endothelial selectins and selectin ligands expressed by the tumor cells. The present study shows that the interaction between recombinant E‐selectin (rE‐selectin) and colorectal cancer (CRC) cells alters the gene expression profile of the cancer cells. A DNA microarry analysis indicated that E‐selectin‐mediated alterations were significantly more pronounced in the metastatic CRC variants SW620 and KM12SM than in the corresponding non‐metastatic local SW480 and KM12C variants. The number of genes altered by E‐selectin in the metastatic variants was about 10‐fold higher than the number of genes altered in the corresponding local variants. Aiming to identify genes involved in CRC metastasis, we focused, by using a DNA microarry analysis, on genes that were altered by E‐selectin in a similar fashion exclusively in both metastatic variants. This analysis indicated that E‐selectin down regulated (at least by 1.6‐folds) the expression of 7 genes in a similar fashion, in both metastatic cells. The DNA microarry analysis was validated by real time PCR or by RT‐PCR. HMGB1 was among these genes. Confocal microscopy indicated that E‐selectin down regulated the cellular expression of the HMGB1 protein and enhanced the release of HMGB1 into the culture medium. The released HMGB1 in turn, activated endothelial cells to express E‐selectin. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Usefulness of monitoring the circulating Krebs von den Lungen‐6 levels to predict the clinical outcome of patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer treated with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Authors: Ishikawa Nobuhisa , Hattori Noboru , Yokoyama Akihoto , Tanaka Sonosuke , Nishino Ryohei , Yoshioka Koji , Ohshimo Shinichiro , Fujitaka Kazunori , Ohnishi Hiroshi , Hamada Hironobu , Arihiro Koji , Kohno Nobuoki 
Published: March 2008

AbstractKrebs von den Lungen‐6 (KL‐6) is a high molecular weight glycoprotein classified in the category of human MUC1 mucin. KL‐6 has been reported to serve as a sensitive marker for interstitial pneumonia; however, recent studies have suggested that it can also be used as a tumor marker as its origin shows. To further elucidate the clinicopathological significance of circulating KL‐6 in lung cancer, we monitored the circulating KL‐6 levels in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and analyzed the association between these levels and the clinical outcome of EGFR‐TKI treatment. The pretreatment levels of circulating KL‐6 were found to be significantly higher in progressive disease (PD) patients than disease‐controlled (partial response (PR) and stable disease (SD)) patients. Multivariate analyses revealed the circulating KL‐6 level to be an independent prognostic factor for overall survival as well as progression‐free survival. In addition to these observations, we found that changes in circulating KL‐6 levels at 2 weeks after the start of EGFR‐TKI treatment from the baseline could quite precisely discriminate PD cases from PR or SD patients and the clinical outcome of EGFR‐TKI in NSCLC patients. These results indicate that the monitoring of circulating KL‐6 levels in NSCLC patients is effective for both selecting patients to be treated with EGFR‐TKI and predicting the clinical outcome of EGFR‐TKI. In addition, the findings suggest that the circulating KL‐6 level could be used as a clinically relevant biomarker in patients with NSCLC, particularly those who are candidates for EGFR‐TKI treatment. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transient ectopic expression as a method to detect genes conferring drug resistance
Authors: Witham James , Vidot Susanne , Agarwal Roshan , Kaye Stanley B. , Richardson Alan 
Published: March 2008

AbstractEctopic expression provides an alternative to RNAi to conduct functional genomic screens. We have determined whether transient expression can be used to identify genes which confer drug resistance. We constructed a bigenic vector that allows high throughput cloning and which also encodes a red fluorescent protein to monitor transfection. Assay conditions were optimized to allow detection of changes in sensitivity to carboplatin or paclitaxel. Following transient expression of MDR‐1 and MCJ, changes in the sensitivity of Sk‐Ov‐3 cells to paclitaxel were detected whereas expression of Src, Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐XL decreased the sensitivity of Sk‐Ov‐3 cells to carboplatin. This approach may potentially be used as an independent screen or as a method to help rank hit identified in screens utilizing methods such as RNAi. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reversible translocation of p115‐RhoGEF by G12/13‐coupled receptors
Authors: Meyer Bruno H. , Freuler Felix , Guerini Danilo , Siehler Sandra 
Published: March 2008

AbstractG protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important targets for medicinal agents. Four different G protein families, Gs, Gi, Gq, and G12, engage in their linkage to activation of receptor‐specific signal transduction pathways. G12 proteins were more recently studied, and upon activation by GPCRs they mediate activation of RhoGTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), which in turn activate the small GTPase RhoA. RhoA is involved in many cellular and physiological aspects, and a dysfunction of the G12/13‐Rho pathway can lead to hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, impaired wound healing and immune cell functions, cancer progression and metastasis, or asthma. In this study, regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) domain‐containing RhoGEFs were tagged with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) to detect their subcellular localization and translocation upon receptor activation. Constitutively active Gα12 and Gα13 mutants induced redistribution of these RhoGEFs from the cytosol to the plasma membrane. Furthermore, a pronounced and rapid translocation of p115‐RhoGEF from the cytosol to the plasma membrane was observed upon activation of several G12/13‐coupled GPCRs in a cell type‐independent fashion. Plasma membrane translocation of p115‐RhoGEF stimulated by a GPCR agonist could be completely and rapidly reversed by subsequent application of an antagonist for the respective GPCR, that is, p115‐RhoGEF relocated back to the cytosol. The translocation of RhoGEF by G12/13‐linked GPCRs can be quantified and therefore used for pharmacological studies of the pathway, and to discover active compounds in a G12/13‐related disease context. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 1660–1670, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hypomanic symptoms among first‐time suicide attempters predict future multiple attempt status
Authors: Bryan Craig J. , Johnson Leigh G. , David Rudd M. , Joiner Thomas E. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractPast conceptual and empirical works have identified unique differences between multiple suicide attempters, single attempters, and zero attempters, but have overlooked two distinct subgroups of single attempters: true single attempters who will not attempt suicide again, and future multiple attempters who will. Consistent with fluid vulnerability theory, the authors hypothesized that subgroups should have differences in personality traits that can predict if a first‐time attempter is likely to attempt suicide again. In a sample of 127 military members (81% male, 19% female) participating in a clinical intervention study for suicidal behaviors, hypomanic symptoms—not personality traits—predicted future multiple attempters, and future multiple attempters more frequently met criteria for a bipolar‐spectrum disorder. Clinical implications and convergence of findings with fluid vulnerability theory and existing research are discussed. © 2008, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 64: 1–12, 2008.
Early childhood temperament in Pediatric bipolar disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: West Amy E. , Schenkel Lindsay S. , Pavuluri Mani N. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractRecent theories suggest that children with pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) may exhibit more difficult temperaments premorbidly, including traits such as behavioral disinhibition and difficulty with emotion regulation. We investigated temperament characteristics retrospectively during infancy and toddlerhood in subjects with PBD (n=25), attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; n=25), and healthy controls (n=25). Children with PBD were reported to experience increased difficult temperament in both infancy and toddlerhood compared to children with ADHD. Several characteristics of difficult temperament were associated with residual symptoms of mania and depression. Difficult premorbid temperament characteristics may be a specific indicator of a bipolar diathesis, or might signal underlying dysfunction in affective processes that significantly increase risk for a mood disorder. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 64:1–20, 2008.
Investigations with O‐linked protein glycosylations by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
Authors: Williams Taufika Islam , Saggese Diana A. , Toups Kristina L. , Frahm Jennifer L. , An Hyun Joo , Li Bensheng , Lebrilla Carlito B. , Muddiman David C. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractPosttranslational modifications such as glycosylation can play a fundamental role in signaling pathways that transform an ordinary cell into a malignant one. The development of a protocol to detect these changes in the preliminary stages of disease can lead to a sensitive and specific diagnostic for the early detection of malignancies such as ovarian cancer in which differential glycan patterns are linked to etiology and progression. Small variations in instrument parameters and sample preparation techniques are known to have significant influence on the outcome of an experiment. For an experiment to be effective and reproducible, these parameters must be optimized for the analyte(s) under study. We present a detailed examination of sample preparation and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (MALDI‐FT‐ICR‐MS) analysis of O‐linked glycans globally cleaved from mucin glycoproteins. Experiments with stable isotope‐labeled biomolecules allowed for the establishment of appropriate acquisition times and excitation voltages for MALDI‐FT‐ICR‐MS of oligosaccharides. Quadrupole ion guide optimization studies with mucin glycans identified conditions for the comprehensive analysis of the entire mass range of O‐linked carbohydrates in this glycoprotein. Separately optimized experimental parameters were integrated in a method that allowed for the effective study of O‐linked glycans. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The innovator's non‐dilemma: the case of next‐generation lithography
Authors: Appleyard Melissa M. , Wang Clara Y. , Liddle J. Alexander , Carruthers John 
Published: March 2008

AbstractPrevious studies have analyzed how incumbents may falter when they focus too narrowly on satisfying the needs of current customers at the expense of pursuing innovations that will ensure future market leadership. This paper examines this ‘dilemma’ faced by incumbents and considers cases where incumbents do spearhead innovation on the technology frontier thus enabling future product generations. In particular, we examine the case of the semiconductor industry confronting a technological discontinuity in the production of chips. In anticipation of a discontinuity in the lithography production module, leading firms in the semiconductor industry have initiated next‐generation lithography (NGL) projects. These projects have exhibited an unprecedented level of horizontal and vertical cooperation. Our research analyzes how such cooperative research and development (R&D) programs allow incumbent innovators to mitigate four areas of uncertainty—leadership, preemption, performance, and industry adoption. We adapt a Hotelling location model to demonstrate the tension between mitigating these uncertainties through interfirm cooperation and the possibility of increased downstream competition. Such tensions have influenced cooperation within and across the R&D consortia pursuing NGL led by IBM, Intel, and Bell Labs. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nε‐carboxymethyllysine‐modified proteins are unable to bind to RAGE and activate an inflammatory response
Authors: Buetler Timo M. , Leclerc Estelle , Baumeyer Alexandra , Latado Helia , Newell John , Adolfsson Oskar , Parisod Véronique , Richoz Janique , Maurer Sarah , Foata Francis , Piguet Dominique , Junod Sylviane , Heizmann Claus W. , Delatour Thierry 
Published: March 2008

AbstractAdvanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) containing carboxymethyllysine (CML) modifications are generally thought to be ligands of the receptor for AGEs, RAGEs. It has been argued that this results in the activation of pro‐inflammatory pathways and diseases. However, it has not been shown conclusively that a CML‐modified protein can interact directly with RAGE. Here, we have analyzed whether beta‐lactoglobulin (bLG) or human serum albumin (HSA) modified chemically to contain only CML (10–40% lysine modification) can (i) interact with RAGE in vitro and (ii) interact with and activate RAGE in lung epithelial cells. Our results show that CML‐modified bLG or HSA are unable to bind to RAGE in a cell‐free assay system (Biacore). Furthermore, they are unable to activate pro‐inflammatory signaling in the cellular system. Thus, CML probably does not form the necessary structure(s) to interact with RAGE and activate an inflammatory signaling cascade in RAGE‐expressing cells.