bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of The Supervisor's Guidebook: Evidence‐Based Strategies for Promoting Work Quality and Enjoyment Among Human Service Staff (2nd edition) by Dennis Reid, Marsha Parsons, and Carolyn Green
Authors: Bartle Grace E. , Braren J. Turner B. , DiGennaro Reed Florence D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article summarizes a review of the book The Supervisor's Guidebook: Evidence‐Based Strategies for Promoting Work Quality and Enjoyment Among Human Service Staff (2nd edition) by Reid, Parsons, and Green. We describe the book's organization and content. In addition, strengths and areas for improvement are noted. The book provides rich, relevant content to guide supervisory practices within a participative, evidence‐based approach that could be applied in various human service settings.
Low thyroid function is associated with metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease
Authors: Wang Shuo , Xia Ding , Fan Hong , Liu Zhenqiu , Chen Ruilin , Suo Chen , Zhang Tiejun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimMetabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is recently introduced to better highlight the pathogenic significance of cardiometabolic dysfunction, as compared with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease. This study aimed to investigate the association between low thyroid function and MASLD in the new context.MethodsWe recruited 2901 participants for our retrospective cohort study from 2016 to 2021. Participants were divided into strict‐normal thyroid function and low thyroid function groups (low‐normal thyroid function, subclinical hypothyroidism) based on initial thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, respectively. Cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CI.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 15.6 months, 165 (8.9%) strict‐normal thyroid function subjects and 141 (13.4%) low thyroid function subjects developed MASLD; this result was statistically relevant (P < 0.05). Univariate regression analysis showed that low thyroid function and subclinical hypothyroidism were statistically significantly associated with MASLD (low thyroid function: HR1.53; 95% CI 1.22–1.92; subclinical hypothyroidism: HR1.95; 95% CI 1.47–2.60).ConclusionsMASLD is associated with low thyroid function and the relationship between MASLD and low thyroid function is independent.
A phenylalanine‐free recombinant nutritional protein for the dietary management of phenylketonuria
Authors: Mücke Yvonne , Jablonka Natalia , Rimann Nicole , Grisch‐Chan Hiu Man , Hoffmann Bernhard , Schillberg Stefan , Thöny Beat , Rasche Stefan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhenylketonuria (PKU) is a congenital metabolic disorder that causes the systemic elevation of phenylalanine (Phe), which is neurotoxic and teratogenic. PKU is currently incurable, and management involves lifelong adherence to an unpalatable protein‐restricted diet based on Phe‐free amino acid mixtures. Seeking a palatable dietary alternative, we identified a Bacillus subtilis protein (GSP16O) with a well‐balanced but low‐Phe amino acid profile. We optimized the sequence and expressed a modified Phe‐free version (GSP105) in Pseudomonas fluorescens, achieving yields of 20 g/L. The purified GSP105 protein has a neutral taste and smell, is highly soluble, and remains stable up to 80°C. Homozygous enu2 mice, a model of human PKU, were fed with diets containing either GSP105 or normal protein. The GSP105 diet led to normalization of blood Phe levels and brain monoamine neurotransmitter metabolites, and prevented maternal PKU. The GSP105 diet thus provides an alternative and efficacious dietary management strategy for PKU.
Connections between different characteristics of the Tibetan Plateau vortices
Authors: Ma Jun , Li Lun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTibetan Plateau vortices (TPVs) are major rainfall triggers over the Tibetan Plateau (TP), which often cause heavy rainfalls in eastern China when moving off the TP. Although previous studies have revealed the climatic characteristics of TPVs at different timescales, the relationships between the different activity characteristics of TPVs are unclear. In this study, TPVs during May to August during 1998–2020 are objectively identified based on ERA5 reanalysis data, and connections between the initial states of TPVs and their subsequent activities, as well as the connections between the states of TPVs before moving off the TP and those after moving off are investigated. It is reported that the TPVs generated over the central and western TP north of 32° N, particularly near 84° E, 35° N, are always stronger, maintain longer and move further in their subsequent life, and the TPVs generated near 95° E over the eastern TP move eastwards the fastest. The initial intensity of most TPVs is smaller than 1.1 × 10−4 s−1; regarding these TPVs, their average duration, movement distance and movement speed exhibit an initial decrease followed by an increase as the initial intensity rises. The stronger the TPVs initially are, the stronger they are in their entire lifetime. The majority of the moving‐off TPVs are generated over the eastern TP; generally, TPVs generated further east with a large initial intensity are more likely to move off the TP. After moving off the TP, most TPVs remain in the same movement direction as before; if the TPVs are strong when they are over the TP, they tend to be strong, last long and move eastwards further after moving off the TP, and vice versa.
Points to consider regarding prophylactic total gastrectomy in germline CDH1 variant carriers
Authors: Corso Giovanni , Davis Jeremy L. , Strong Vivian E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPathogenic germline CDH1 mutation confers high risk for developing diffuse gastric and lobular breast cancers in asymptomatic carriers. In these individuals, the estimated gastric cancer risk at 80 years of age is up to 70% for males and 56% for females. Due to this high‐risk predisposition, prophylactic total gastrectomy is considered a unique life‐saving approach in germline CDH1 carriers, as endoscopy often fails to detect early stage diffuse gastric carcinoma. However, surgical indication is controversial in some clinical contexts, with possible contraindications. This review discusses points against and in favor of a more aggressive surgical approach for consideration during the decision‐making process.
Relationship between Swallowing Pressure and Saliva Residue on Endoscopic Evaluation in Pharyngeal Dysphagia
Authors: Chitose Shun‐ichi , Fukahori Mioko , Kurita Takashi , Hamakawa Sachiyo , Sato Kiminobu , Kuroiwa Taikai , Ono Takeharu , Umeno Hirohito , Sato Kiminori 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveIn pharyngeal dysphagia, poor pharyngeal contraction and upper esophageal sphincter (UES) dysfunction result in post‐swallow saliva residue (SR). This study aimed to clarify the relationship between swallowing pressure and SR in the valleculae and piriform sinuses on flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES).MethodsPharyngeal dysphagia patients with Wallenberg syndrome were included. Amounts of post‐swallow SR in the valleculae and piriform sinuses were classified into four grades using SR scores based on FEES. The Hyodo score was also calculated to evaluate swallowing function. High‐resolution manometric data in the nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, oro‐hypopharyngeal, and UES zones on swallowing were obtained for comparison with SR and Hyodo scores.ResultsOf the 31 recruited, data from 26 patients who successfully underwent FEES and manometry were analyzed. Vallecular SR scores were strongly negatively correlated with a maximum pressure of the oropharynx (r = −0.52, p = 0.006), distal contractile integrals (DCI) of the oropharynx (r = −0.52, p = 0.007), and DCI of the oro‐hypopharynx (r = −0.55, p = 0.004). Hyodo scores for parameters 1 and 4 (corresponding to salivary pooling and pharyngeal clearance, respectively) were strongly negatively correlated with a maximum hypopharyngeal pressure (r = −0.57, p = 0.002) and strongly positively correlated with peristaltic velocity (r = 0.53, p = 0.007), respectively. SR scores and Hyodo scores related to SR were not correlated with pressure data of the UES.ConclusionManometric analysis of our SR scoring method using FEES revealed that a higher amount of SR in the valleculae, but not in the piriform sinuses, is associated with weaker pharyngeal pressure in pharyngeal dysphagia, especially at the oropharyngeal level.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:3519–3526, 2024
Ultra‐Compact and Efficient Integrated Multichannel Mode Multiplexer in Silicon for Few‐Mode Fibers
Authors: Zhou Wu , Zhang Zunyue , Chen Hao , Tsang Hon Ki , Tong Yeyu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSpace‐division multiplexing (SDM) is one of the key enabling technologies to increase the capacity of fiber communication systems. However, implementing SDM‐based systems using multimode fiber has been challenging with the need for compact, low‐cost, and scalable mode de/multiplexer (DE/MUX). Here a novel integrated mode MUX for few‐mode fibers (FMFs) is presented which can launch up to eight spatial and polarization channels. The new design is composed of a 2D multimode grating coupler (MMGC), highly compact spot size converters (SSCs), and adiabatic directional couplers (ADCs). Eight data lanes in FMFs can be selectively launched with integrated optical phase shifters. Experimental results reveal efficient chip‐to‐fiber coupling with peak efficiencies of −3.8, −5.5, −3.6, and −4.1 dB for LP01, LP11a, LP11b, and LP21bmodes, respectively. Thanks to the use of an integrated subwavelength Mikaelian lens for mode‐independent field size conversion with loss ≤−0.25 dB, the total footprint of the MMGC and SSCs is only 35×35 µm2. The proposed design shows great potential for densely integrated photonic circuits in future SDM applications.
An appropriate approach of design and machining of mechanical part by means of probabilistic multi‐objective optimization
Authors: Zheng M. , Yu J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAppropriate design and machining of mechanical part are of great importance to guarantee the comprehensive quality of product. In this paper, a rational approach of design and machining of mechanical part with multiple objectives is formulated by combining the probability‐based method for multi‐objective optimization with sequential optimization. The probability‐based method for multi‐objective optimization is employed to transfer the problem of multiple objectives into a single objective one in the respect of probability theory, while the “sequential algorithm for optimization” is used to conduct successive deep optimization quantitatively. By performing the assessment of preferable probability of each scheme and the “sequential algorithm for optimization”, the optimal design of materials processing is thus completed rationally. Furthermore, the approach is used to deal with thermal design of spindle system for computerized numerical control grinder, optimal designs of large floor‐type milling and boring machine spindle box and bending performance of B‐pillar under condition of side impact as examples, respectively. The results indicate the rationality of the approach.
Dry‐Cleaning Chemicals and a Cluster of Parkinson's Disease and Cancer: A Retrospective Investigation
Authors: Dorsey E. Ray , Kinel Dan , Pawlik Meghan E. , Zafar Maryam , Lettenberger Samantha E. , Coffey Madeleine , Auinger Peggy , Hylton Kevin L. , Shaw Carol W. , Adams Jamie L. , Barbano Richard , Braun Melanie K. , Schwarz Heidi B. , Lawrence B. Paige , Kieburtz Karl , Tanner Caroline M. , de Miranda Briana R. , Goldman Samuel M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundEnvironmental exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE), a carcinogenic dry‐cleaning chemical, may be linked to Parkinson's disease (PD).ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine whether PD and cancer were elevated among attorneys who worked near a contaminated site.MethodsWe surveyed and evaluated attorneys with possible exposure and assessed a comparison group.ResultsSeventy‐nine of 82 attorneys (96.3%; mean [SD] age: 69.5 [11.4] years; 89.9% men) completed at least one phase of the study. For comparison, 75 lawyers (64.9 [10.2] years; 65.3% men) underwent clinical evaluations. Four (5.1%) of them who worked near the polluted site reported PD, more than expected based on age and sex (1.7%; P = 0.01) but not significantly higher than the comparison group (n = 1 [1.3%]; P = 0.37). Fifteen (19.0%), compared to four in the comparison group (5.3%; P = 0.049), had a TCE‐related cancer.ConclusionsIn a retrospective study, diagnoses of PD and TCE‐related cancers appeared to be elevated among attorneys who worked next to a contaminated dry‐cleaning site. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Effect of l‐Carnitine Supplementation on Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kou Haiyang , Li Bo , Wang Zhili , Ma Jianbing 
Published: February 2024

ScopeComprehensive assessment of l‐carnitine's safety and effectiveness in reducing inflammatory markers in osteoarthritis (OA) patients.Methods and resultsJournal articles on l‐carnitine for OA are gathered using computer searches of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The kind of literature that is found is restricted to clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The Cochrane Handbook risk of bias assessment tool RevMan 5.4 software is used to conduct a meta‐analysis. The systematic assessment comprises eight trials totaling 619 patients; the included studies’ quality is mediocre. The study's findings demonstrate that OA patients’ Western Ontario and McMaster University (WOMAC) function improves and that treatment efficacy outperforms that of the control group (mean difference [MD] = −7.75, 95% CI [−14.63, −0.86]; Z = 2.21; p = 0.03), WOMAC total (MD = −10.24, 95% CI [−18.97, −1.51]; Z = 2.30; p = 0.02), and visual analogue scale (VAS) pain (MD = −14.01, 95% CI [−16.16, −11.85]; Z = 12.74; p < 0.00001). The studies that are methodically reviewed also discover heterogeneity, which may have resulted from the created pooled data and requires more analysis.ConclusionIn patients with OA, l‐carnitine effectively decreases clinical signs and symptoms, inflammatory markers, pain, and stiffness indicators, and significantly improves WOMAC and VAS scores.
Neuromuscular ultrasound changes in unilateral symptomatic subacute lumbosacral radiculopathy: A prospective simple blinded cohort study
Authors: Cuendet David , Valsecchi Daniele , Najberg Hugo , Maestretti Gianluca , Medlin Friedrich 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsLumbosacral radiculopathy (LR) is a common disorder. Neuromuscular ultrasound (NMU) is a rapidly evolving technique for the investigation of peripheral nerve and muscle disorders, but studies using NMU in LR are lacking. The aim of the present study was to investigate ultrasonographic neuromuscular changes distant from root compression in patients with subacute to chronic compressive LR with motor impairment.MethodsPatients with unilateral subacute to chronic L4, L5, or S1 radiculopathy with motor impairment and confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging were included. The sciatic and femoral nerve cross‐sectional areas (CSA), the CSA of lower limb muscles, and muscle fasciculation detection rate were assessed using a pre‐specified neuromuscular ultrasound evaluation with blinded side‐to‐side comparison.ResultsOf the 18 included patients, 66% were male and the mean age was 51 years. Overall, 16.7% had L4, 55.5% L5, and 27.8% S1 radiculopathy, mostly due to disc herniation (83%). Sciatic nerve CSA of the symptomatic side was increased (61.4 mm2 vs. 51.3 mm2; p = .001), and the fasciculation detection rate was higher in the affected muscles (delta = 13%, p = .007) compared to unaffected ones. Muscle CSA in affected and nonaffected muscles was decreased on the symptomatic side.DiscussionNMU evaluation in patients with symptomatic subacute to chronic LR revealed sciatic nerve enlargement distant from nerve root compression and higher fasciculation rates. These structural findings on NMU might be due to an axonal repair mechanism and an inflammatory response with endoneurial edema induced by ongoing nerve damage and potentially reflect progressive axonal loss.
Design, synthesis, and characterization of molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction for alpha Mangostin analysis in blood sample
Authors: Rachmawati Winasih , Hasanah Aliya Nur , Muttaqin Fauzan Zein , Muchtaridi Muchtaridi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLow levels of α‐mangostin (AM) in biological fluids require adequate sample preparation to be analyzed. Molecularly imprinted polymers can serve as sorbents in solid phase extraction, enabling concentration and extraction of α‐mangostin from complex matrices, such as biological fluids. To date, there are no molecular imprinted polymers for the analysis of α‐mangostin in biological fluids. In this study, AM molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) was designed using molecular modeling, molecular dynamic simulations, and prepared by bulk polymerization and suspension polymerization methods. The geometry optimization results showed that acrylamide (AAM) monomer forms the most stable complex with AM at the pre‐polymerization with the most negative Gibbs free energy (ΔG) of −6.91818 Kcal/mol. Radial distribution function (RDF) in molecular dynamics simulation of AM:AAM:ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) with mol ratio 1:4:20 shows the complex with the best composition through the formation of four stable hydrogen bonds. Based on the experimental results, molecularly imprinted polymers in suspension exhibit better characteristics, selectivity, and adsorption capacity than in bulk. The suspension polymerization method showed a high recovery (85.88% ± 2.5), which was higher than C18 SPE cartridge (24.19% ± 1.47). Hence, it can be concluded that the MIPs from MD simulations were accessible and could be used in practice, such as in the separation and detection of AM in blood serum.
NiCoMo nanoparticles as an efficient electrocatalyst for methanol electro‐oxidation in alkaline media
Authors: Awad Somia , Al‐Dies Al‐Anood M. , Almahdawi Rihab , Al‐sheqefi F. U. Y. , Abdel‐Hady Esam E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUsing the electrospinning approach, various percentages of less expensive metal alloy‐decorated nanofiber catalysts have been successfully made as a substitute for platinum in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). This work focuses on the synthesis and characterization of catalysts with metal fixed ratio of 20% wt for DMFC applications, specifically Ni/CNFs, Co/CNFs, and NiCoMo/CNFs. The catalysts are characterized using various techniques, including x‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive x‐ray, and electrochemical measurements. All the prepared samples, regardless of the metal concentration, had good nanofiber form and a distinct nanoparticle appearance, according to the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Chromatography, scan rate, response time, and cyclic voltammetry all were used to examine the samples' ability to perform methanol electrocatalysis. When Mo is added to Ni with Co, the electrooxidation reaction's activation energy and electrode stability both increase. With a starting potential of 0.22 V, the maximum current density in the NiCoMo/CNF sample was 99.8 mA/cm2 at 0.6 V. To electrooxidize methanol, our electrocatalysts combine diffusion control with kinetic‐limiting processes. This work has shown how to create an effective NiCoMo based methanol electrooxidation catalyst using a special technique.
Modification of poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers, fabrics, and films by amination reactions—A review
Authors: Rabiei Navid , Haghighat Kish Mohammad 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCurrently, many of our living facilities are dependent on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). It is utilized in the production of textiles, beverage bottles, food packaging, implants, and so forth. Although PET has desirable properties, it has to be amended for certain applications that have been modified by different methods. For modifications, aminolysis is used by several investigators, and this report reviews critically the related literature. Amines can be applied to impart the desired properties and produce active sites to be used for further alterations by successive reactions. Amine treatments alone enhance wettability, increase dyeability, and most applicable, produce functionality on the surface. By further reactions with several other chemicals, a spectrum of properties was endowed to PET products, such as flame retarding, anti‐fouling property, highest hygroscopicity, silk‐like character, biocompatibility, and so forth. There are a large number of works, mainly to change the surface properties, but the literature on the in vivo or common everyday evaluation of the amended products is scarce. Most of the modifications of PET products by amines are accompanied by a decrease in some other properties. Then the process of aminolysis and modifications have to be optimized with respect to several production parameters.
A rapid and precise approach to predicting the cure‐induced warping of T‐shaped composite parts with inconsistent layup
Authors: Sun Lishuai , Liu Chuang , Zhao Zhiyong , Wang Junbiao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis work involved the precise prediction and in‐depth analysis of cure‐induced warping of T‐shaped parts with inconsistent layup. First, the warping mechanism of this kind of part was studied. Then, a finite element analysis (FEA) that considered the parts' structural characteristics and inconsistent layup using the curing mechanical constitutive model was developed to predict the warping. Following verification of the model's accuracy, the effects of material and structural characteristics on warping were investigated. When designing T‐shaped parts, selecting materials with lower thermal expansion coefficients can help minimize warping. Additionally, increasing the radius of the chamfer at the rib and flange connections is also effective. By taking into account the effects of structural parameters and inconsistent layup by using both classical laminated plate theory and artificial neural networks (ANN), a rapid and accurate surrogate model for warping prediction was finally developed. It was discovered that the two‐layer ANN model performed better than the other two models and could predict warping with accuracy and speed. For the parts analyzed in this work, this model is able to identify the fluctuations of warping captured by FEA. Moreover, by defining deviation as the difference between the predicted values of the surrogate model and the FEA, it can be observed that the majority of deviations for the validation set are within ±1.5 mm. This demonstrates that the two‐layer ANN possesses strong generalization ability and high accuracy in predicting warping.Highlights
The inconsistent layup could significantly affect the T‐shaped part's warping.
Cutting off a part's rib may significantly reduce its warping.
A rapid and accurate model for warping prediction was developed.
The layup and structure's influence could be identified by the two‐layer ANN.