bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of apoptosis in the brain of the zitter rat with genetic spongiform encephalopathy
Authors: Ookohchi Tamami , Ito Hisao , Serikawa Tadao , Sato Kenzo 
Published: July 2007

AbstractZitler rat develops genetic spongilorm encephatopathy accompanied with whole‐body tremors and flaccid paresis. To elucidale the mechanism of a neuronal cell death in the brain, we determined involvement of apoptosis in this rat. By Northern blot analysis, the elevation of mRNA levels were observed in c‐jun, c‐fos, c‐myc and p53 genes which were induced by apoptotic signals; conversely, expression of bcl‐2 was shown to be decreased in the zitter rat brain in contrast to the WTC control rat. Furthermore, TUNEL staining of fragmented DNA indicated apoptotic morphology in this brain. These results strongly suggested that the spongiform encephalopathy of the zitter rat was due to apoptosis in the brain cells.
Substrate‐binding and catalytic roles of Lys194 in the C‐terminus in human adenylate kinase by site‐directed random mutagenesis
Authors: Ayabe Takanori , Takenaka Hitoshi , Takenaka Osamu , Onitsuka Toshio , Shibata Koichiro , Uesugi Seiichi , Hamada Minoru 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSite‐directed random mutagenesis of Lys194 residue in the C‐terminus of human adenylate kinase (AK) was performed, and six mutants were analyzed by steady‐state kinetics. K194‐mutants variously affected the apparent Michaelis constants (Km values) for ATP and AMP, although the kcat values strikingly decreased. The Lys194 residue appears to interact not only with MgATP2‐ but also with the AMP2‐ substrates by salt bridge formation with a nucleotide and to play a functional role in stabilizing the phosphate‐transfer during catalysis. Lys194 could be essential for substrate‐holdings and in catalysis and not replaceable to the other amino acids.
Comparative binding and toxicity of saxitoxin and saxitoxinol in mice and in cultured cells
Authors: Naseem Syed M. , Creasia Donald A. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe binding characteristics of saxitoxin (STX), a known voltage‐gated sodium channel blocker, and its analog saxitoxinol (STXOL), were studied in neuroblastoma, peritoneal macrophage, hepatocytes and PC‐12 cell lines. 3H‐STXOL bound to the cell‐surface sites which appear to be the same as those occupied by 3H‐STX and which can, therefore, be identified as STX receptors. The relative agreement of respective Kd obtained by saturation, competition, association and dissociation kinetics for STX and STXOL suggest the absence of any artifact in binding measurements. Unlike STX, STXOL was non‐toxic to mice by intratracheal instillation. The major advantage of using 3H‐STXOL is that the tritium label is not exchangeable. Data from this study suggest that 3H‐STXOL can be used to identify STX receptors at 37°C.
Characterization of a cyclic compound formed after spermine oxidation by lentil amine oxidase
Authors: Padiglia Alessandra , Medda Rosaria , Paci Maurizio , Sette Marco , Lorrai Anita , Floris Giovanni 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSpermine is a substrate of lentil seedling amine oxidase and is oxidized at terminal amino groups to a dialdehyde: 2 mot of hydrogen peroxide and two mol of ammonia per mol of spermine are formed. In the presence of hight amounts of spermine, the aldehydic groups formed upon oxidation of spermine by the enzyme, may react with primary amino groups of free spermine leading to the formation of aromatic pyrimidinic ring after β‐elimination at secondary amino groups.
Inhibition of camel lens ζ‐crystallin/NADPH:Quinone oxidoreductase activity by chloranilic acid
Authors: Al‐Hamidi Abdulaziz A. A. , Shehu Riskuwa A. , Duhaiman Ali S. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractCamel lens ζ‐crystallin/NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase activity was inhibited by chloranilic acid (2,5‐dichloro‐3,6‐dihydroxy‐1,4‐benzoquinone) with NADPH as an electron donor and 9,10‐phenanthrenequinone (PQ) as an electron acceptor in a time‐independent but concentration dependent manner. The IC50 of chloranilic acid was 1 μM. The inhibition was noncompetitive with respect to both NADPH and PQ as deduced by Lineweaver‐Burk plots. The estimated inhibition constant (Ki) was 0.8 μM for both NADPH and PQ. Examination of other benzoquinones suggested that the presence of ‐OH and ‐Cl on benzoquinone was essential for the inhibition.
Lipids may not be involved in the recognition of apocytochrome c during its transportation
Authors: Ma Q. F. , Yang F. Y. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIt was shown that apocytochrome c was less insertion into monolayers from outer mitochondrial membrane lipids than into those from microsomal membrane lipids; the (α‐helix content of apocytochrome c induced by small unilamellar vesicles prepared from outer mitochondrial membrane lipids was less than by those from microsomal membrane lipids; the import efficiency of apocytochrome c into large unilamellar vesicles from outer mitochondrial membrane lipids was also lower than into those from microsome membrane lipids. No specific affinity between apocytochrome c and outer mitochondrial membrane lipids could be found. Import of apocytochrome c across the intact mitochondria, sealed outer mitochondrial membrane and microsome membrane vesicles was compared. Results showed that apocytochrome c was accumulated only in mitochondria, but not the other two kinds of vesicles.
Upregulation of HLA class‐I gene transcription in K562 cells by analogs of splenopentin (SP‐5)
Authors: Chatterjee‐Kishore Moitreyee , Agrawal Suraksha , Singh VK , Mathur KB , Agarwal Shyam S. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe report here the capacity of three analogs of Splenopentin, to up regulate transcription of the HLA ‐B7 gene in the K562 cell line. These cells normally do not transcribe the HLA class I genes. The Splenopentin analogs used in this study are effective at very low molar concentrations and are non‐toxic to cells at these levels. Electrophoretic Mobility Shift assays indicate that this transcriptional up regulation of HLA class I genes may be related to the appearance of novel class I promoter binding factors induced in the nuclei of treated cells.
Failure of D‐fructose to stimulate protein biosynthesis in pancreatic islets
Authors: Viñambres Concepción , Villanueva‐Peñacarrillo Maria L. , Valverde Isabel , Malaisse Willy J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractRat pancreatic islets were incubated for 90 min with L‐[4‐3H]phenylalanine in either the absence or presence of D‐glucose and D‐fructose. Relative to basal value, D‐glucose (16.7 mM) increased the incorporation of the tritiated amino acid into trichloroacetic acid‐precipitable material. However, when D‐fructose was tested in the 80 to 240 mM concentration range, it failed to stimulate islet biosynthetic activity. Since D‐fructose causes, in the same concentration range, a dose‐related stimulation of insulin release, the dissociation between the biosynthetic and secretory responses to D‐fructose supports the view that the insulinotropic action of the ketohexose does not entail the same metabolic determinants as those operative in glucose‐stimulated islets.
Gene structure of PACO1, a petal senescence‐related related gene from Phalaenopsis encoding peroxisomal acyl‐CoA oxidase homolog
Authors: Do Yi‐Yin , Huang Pung‐Ling 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe putative peroxisomal acyl‐CoA oxidase gene PACO1 from Phalaenopsis was isolated from a genomic library constructed in the λEMBL3 vector by screening with PACO1 cDNA. This gene encompasses approximately 14 Kb and is divided into seven exons by six introns. The consensus GT‐AG dinucleotides situated at all the boundaries between exons and introns. According to the genomic Southern analysis with different fragments of the first intron, PACO1 gene possesses a large intron about 10 Kb interrupting the first and secondary exon.
Purification of a 63 kDa β‐d‐galactoside binding lectin from cuttlefish, Todarodes pacificus
Authors: Ozeki Yasuhiro 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA β‐d‐galactoside binding lectin (TPL) was newly purified from the body walls of the cuttlefish, Todarodes pacificus with lactosyl‐agarose affinity column chromatography and reversed‐phase HPLC. Many of the biological properties of the lectin were similar to those of the representative animal β‐d‐galactoside binding lectin, “galectin”. However, with a molecular mass of 63 kDa under reducing and non‐reducing conditions on SDS‐PAGE, TPL is larger than any previously reported galectins. The native molecular mass of TPL was estimated to be about 60 kDa by gel filtration, suggesting that it exists as a monomer and that a single polypeptide containing at least two sugar binding sites. The antisera raised against TPL did not crossreact with bull frog egg galectin‐1, suggesting that TPL is immunologically distinct from the lower vertebrate galectin.
Effects of K channel inhibitors on potassium transport in bovine adrenal chromaffin granules
Authors: Lobanov Nikolai A. , Szewczyk Adam , Wójcik Grazyna , Nowotny Marcin , Nałęcz Maciej J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe Ca2+‐independent K+ selective channel in the membrane of adrenal gland chromaffin granules has earlier been identified. In the present report we describe new properties of this potassium channel using 86Rb+, a K+ analogue, flux measurements. The studies are performed in membrane vesicles prepared from chromaffin granules. The electrogenic 86Rb+ transport is inhibited by quinacrine, barium, zinc and magnesium. The effects of other potassium channel blockers on 86Rb+ transport into chromaffin granules are also reported.
Over expression of inducible proteins in Escherichia coli by treatment with ethanol
Authors: Basu Tarakdas , Poddar Ramendra Kumar 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIt is reported that ethanol enhances DNA synthesis in E. coli cells [Basu, T and Poddar, R K (1994), Folia. Microbiol., 39, 3‐6]. This communication reports that during growth of E. coli in the presence of 5% v/v ethanol, the derepressed expression of the cytoplasmic enzymes β‐galactosidase and D‐serine deaminase per cell increased approximately three fold, while that of the periplasmic enzyme alkaline phosphatase decreased approximately 40% compared to control cell levels. However, in cells transformed with the plasmid pSM 456, bearing phoA‐lacZ fusion, the level of induced synthesis of the hybrid protein PhoA‐LacZ, controlled by the phoA promoter, was elevated by 25% in the presence of 5% v/v ethanol. This result suggests that the induction of the alkaline phosphatase precursor has also been enhanced by the ethanol treatment; but the inhibition in the export of the precursor across the cytoplasmic membrane, by the influence of ethanol, may represent the reason for the deficient expression of active alkaline phosphatase. It is proposed that there is an ethanol‐mediated increase in DNA synthesis, resulting in gene amplification, which may enhance the synthesis of inducible proteins in ethanol‐treated cells.
Protein involvement in thermally induced structural transitions of pig erythrocyte ghosts
Authors: Zhadan Galina G. , Cobaleda Cesar , Jones Ahmik L. , Leal Fernando , Villar Enrique , Shnyrov Valery L. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThermal transitions in pig erythrocyte ghosts were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gel analysis (TGA). Heating of the suspension of pig erythrocyte ghosts induced at least six thermodynamically irreversible transitions. Each of these transitions is believed to be due to a localized structural transition induced by thermal stress. Using TGA and covalent attachment of the anionic transport inhibitor regions in the thermograms corresponding to the heat sorption of some proteins of the pig erythrocyte ghosts were identified.
Suppression of Helicobacter pylori urease activity by sucralfate and sulglycotide
Authors: Slomiany B. L. , Piotrowski J. , Slomiany A. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe effect of gastroprotective agents, sucralfate and sulglycotide, on the in vitro activity of H. pylori urease was investigated. The bacterium was subjected to sonication, centrifuged, and the supernatant used as an enzyme source. The assays revealed that the rate of urea degradation was proportional to enzyme protein up to 100 μg and remained constant with time for 10 min. Introduction of sucralfate or sulglycotide to the assay system led to the reduction in the rate of ammonia production. With both drugs the optimal inhibition was attained at 10 μg/ml, at which dose a 63.1% decrease in urease activity occurred with sucralfate and a 70.2% inhibition was obtained with sulglycotide. The findings demonstrate that the inhibitory action of sucralfate and sulglycotide on H. pylori urease activity may be of value in the treatment of gastric disease associated with H. pylori infection.
Further biochemical and biophysical characterisation of scyllin, Scylla serrata hemolymph lectin
Authors: Chattopadhyay Tinku , Chatterjee Bishnupada 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe amino acid and carbohydrate analysis of scyllin, a low molecular weight lectin purified from Scylla serrata (edible crab) haemolymph reveal that scyllin is rich in acidic and neutral amino acids and contains high amount of mannose. UV absorption of scyllin is perturbed by DMSO at 272 nm showing the presence of tryptophan molecule in scyllin exposed and accessible to the solvent. The oxidation of tryptophan molecule by N‐bromosuccinimide results in loss of haemagglutinating activity of lectin. The study of thermodynamic parameters of scylin‐glycoproteins interaction suggests that ceruloplasmin is the most potent inhibitors of scyllin of all the glycoproteins studied.
Menadione‐dependent reduction of tertiary amine N‐oxide by rat liver cytosol
Authors: Kitamura Shigeyuki , Tatsumi Kiyoshi 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis study demonstrates the menadione‐dependent reduction of imipramine N‐oxide, a tertiary amine N‐oxide, to imipramine by rat liver cytosol in the presence of NADH or NADPH. A mechanism for the cytosolic reduction of the tertiary amine N‐oxide is proposed. Menadione is converted to its reduced form by a menadione‐reducing enzyme such as DT‐diaphorase and the reduced pyridine nucleotide, followed by reduction of the tertiary amine N‐oxide to the amine by the heme group of catalytic hemoproteins in the presence of reduced menadione as an electron donor.
The histidine‐805 in motif‐C of the phage SP6 RNA polymerase is essential for its activity as revealed by random mutagenesis
Authors: Jeong Woojin , Kang Changwon 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn order to identify functional residues of the bacteriophage SP6 RNA polymerase, its C‐terminal one‐twelfth region was randomly mutagenized using polymerase chain reactions of its gene under the conditions for reduced fidelity of Taq DNA polymerase. Using a two‐vector system that permits phenotypic isolation of mutants with reduced in vivo transcription activity, 3 single and 1 multiple mutants were isolated. A single substitution of Gln for His805 resulted in complete inactivation of the enzyme. A multiple mutant carrying substitutions at 808, 820, 835, 843 and 848 also abolished the activity. However, changes of Pro856→Ser and Asp862→Glu individually reduced the activity only slightly. It is noteworthy that His805 is one of the two motif‐C residues that are absolutely conserved among all the DNA polymerases and monomeric RNA polymerases.
Age‐ and Tissue‐specific regulation of chicken inorganic pyrophosphatase
Authors: Syiem Donkupar , Sharma Ramesh 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe activities and hormone regulatory patterns of inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPiase) of male Rhode Island Red (RIR) chickens were studied at two different postnatal ages (5‐ and 90‐day). The endogenous activity level was found to be significantly higher in the immature (5‐day) groups for all the tissues (liver, kidney and brain) studied as compared to that of mature (90‐day). Hydrocortisone (HC) administration significantly inhibited the PPiase activity in the immature chicken liver and did not affect the enzyme in kidney and brain at either age. In contrast, insulin increased significantly the activity of PPiase in the liver of immature chicken. Kidney PPiase, however, was unaffected to insulin treatment at immature age, while it showed increased activity in mature group. On the other hand, brain PPiase activity was significantly increased at both the ages studied. These findings indicate an age‐ and tissue‐specific regulation of PPiase activity by hydrocortisone and insulin in chicken.
Cloning and characterization of a new silver‐stainable protein SSP29, a member of the LRR family
Authors: Zhu Liangjin , Perlaky Laszlo , Henning Dale , Valdez Benigno C. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSilver‐stainable proteins (SSPs) are aspartic acid‐rich nuclear proteins which are silver stained under very specific conditions. Using a degenerate oligodeoxynucleotide probe which codes for acidic amino acid residues, a cDNA for a new SSP, referred to as SSP29, has been isolated. The cDNA‐derived amino acid sequence shows SSP29 has a molecular mass of 29 kDa, leucine‐rich repeats (LRR) near the NH2‐terminal region and acidic clusters at the COOH‐terminal portion, indicating that SSP29 is also a member of the LRR subfamily of acidic proteins which have been shown to be involved in antigen‐mediated cellular responses, leukemogenesis and differentiation. SSP29 can be stained by Ag‐NOR staining. SSP29 is expressed in all human tissues and cell lines tested, localized to nucleoplasm and translocated partially to the nucleoli after heat shock. Its interaction with RNA polymerase I suggests that SSP29 may participate in signal transduction that directs nucleolar activities by regulating ribosomal RNA biosynthesis.
Evidence for antioxidant nutrients‐induced pigmentation in skin: Results of a clinical trial
Authors: Postaire Eric , Jungmann Holger , Bejot Marie , Heinrich Ulrike , Tronnier Hagen 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe aim of this study was to demonstrate that modification of the cellular redox‐equilibrium occurs as a consequence of antioxidant nutrients intake (carotenoids, vitamine E and vitamine C) and that these nutrients play a role in the pigmentation of the skin without any UV exposure. We conducted a randomized, double‐blind study in 20 healthy subjects to evaluate and to compare the efficacy of two mixtures of dietary antioxidants with regard to direct determination of melanin and carotenes by chromametry at selected skin sites and multiple reflection spectrometry from a 1 cm2 region of skin of different parts of the body. Efficacy was assessed by a significant improvement of these parameters, in comparison with measurements performed on the day of randomization, before dietary supplement intake. The formulations per capsule of study dietary supplements are: 13 mg of β‐carotene, 2 mg of lycopene, 5 mg of vitamine E and 30 mg of vitamine C (B13/L2) or 3 mg of β‐carotene, 3 mg of lycopene, 5 mg of vitamine E and 30 mg of vitamine C (B3/L3).A 8‐week B13/L2‐supplementation lead to a detectable carotenodermia whereas the B3/L3‐supplementation not.Signicative increase of melanin concentrations in skin were found after 4, 5, 6 and 8 weeks of dietary antioxidant intake in both groups (p<0.05). These results are discussed with regard to the redox control theory of melanocytes which regulates the tyrosinase activity.
Purification and characterization of manganese superoxide dismutase from Ganoderma microsporum
Authors: Pan Shu‐Mei , Ye Jr‐Shin , Hseu Ruey‐Shyang 
Published: July 2007

AbstractManganese superoxide dismutase (Mn‐SOD) in the mycelium of Ganoderma microsporum was purified to homogeneity by heat treatment at 70°C, ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE‐52 anion‐exchange chromatography, and Sephacryl SH‐200 chromatography. The molecular mass of its native form was estimated to be 98 kD by size‐exclusion chromatography. This enzyme is tetrameric composed of four subunits of equal size of 25 kD. The pI of this purified Mn‐SOD was located at pH 6.34 and 5.06 by isoeleetric focusing. Comparisons of 17 amino acids from the N‐terminus ofMn‐SOD subunit with the derived amino acid sequences from the reported Mn‐SOD eDNA clones of other sources indicated a high degree of homology among the Ganoderma genus but the Mn‐SOD from G. microsporum showed a high variation when compared with other organisms.
Protection by histadine against oxidative inactivation of AMP deaminase in yeast
Authors: Murakami Keiko , Onoda Yu , Kimura Junko , Yoshino Masataka 
Published: July 2007

AbstractOxidative inactivation of AMP deaminase and its protection were analyzed under the in situ conditions of yeast cells. AMP deaminase was readily inactivated by an exposure to hydrogen peroxide plus copper in permeabilized yeast cells. Addition of ascorbic acid further enhanced the inactivation of the enzyme, suggesting the hydroxyl radical produced by the Fenton reaction is responsible for the inactivation of the enzyme. Addition of histidine caused an effective protection against the inactivation of AMP deaminase by hydrogen peroxide‐induced hydroxyl radical. The concentration of histidine required for half‐maximal effect was within physiological range. Cysteine showed less effective protection against oxidative inactivation. Other amino acids as potent copper‐chelating agents as well as trolox and taurine showed little or no effect. Histidine can act as a physiological “antioxidant” in yeast cells.
The 28S fraction of rRNA in molluscs displays electrophoretic behaviour different from that of mammal cells
Authors: Barcia Ramiro , Lopez‐García José María , Ramos‐Martínez Juan Ignacio 
Published: July 2007

AbstractElectrophoresis on agarose/formaldehyde gels of rRNA in molluscs display a pattern of bands which could suggest a RNase action due to incorrect manipulation of the samples. This study shows that the disappearance of the band corresponding to the 28S fraction is due to the denaturing conditions used when electrophoresis is carried out and not to RNases action.
Glycine68 to Histidine73 has an important role in the function of human tumor necrosis factor alpha
Authors: Cen Bo , Jin Weixing , Wu Haihong , Lu Jun , Dong Xueyin , Xu Xianxiu 
Published: July 2007

AbstractMutant human tumor necrosis factor alpha(hTNF α ) genes have been constructed by in vitro mutagenesis and expressed in Escherichia coli. A deletion involving Gly68 to His73 in hTNF α remarkably decreased the solubility and biological activity of hTNF α. From the above and results of a molecular dynamics simulation it is proposed that the region of Gly68 to His73 in hTNF α has an important role in the maintenance of the 3‐D structure and modulation of the biological activity of hTNF α.
Molecular cloning of rat P38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase and it's osmotic regulation in rat kidney
Authors: Yoshida Takumi , Sone Masayoshi , Ogawa Tatsuya , Nihei Hiroshi , Ozasa Hisashi , Tsukada Kinji , Horikawa Saburo 
Published: July 2007

AbstractRat p38 mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinase cDNA was isolated from rat kidney cDNA library using a PCR cloning strategy. The deduced amino acid sequence consists of 360 amino acids and shares 95.3% similarity with human p38 MAP kinase. The message for rat p38 MAP kinase was about 3.4 kilobases and was highly expressed in the kidney. In water‐deprived rat kidneys, the steady‐state levels of p38 MAP kinase mRNA increased about 2.7‐fold as compared with those of control rats. This result suggests that p38 MAP kinase may play an important role in the osmoregulation in the kidney.