bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of tympanocentesis in the management of infants with sepsis
Authors: Arriaga Moises A. , Bluestone Charles D. , Stool Sylvan E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTympanocentesis is a procedure that can identify pathogenic organisms in otitis media. However, the clinical value of this diagnostic method in the management of infants who have sepsis has not been previously reported. Although otitis media is a significant source of sepsis in infants, tympanocentesis is not routinely employed in the work‐up of infants with sepsis who have abnormal otoscopic findings.Charts of 40 consecutive infants who had sepsis and were undergoing tympanocentesis as part of their emergency room work‐up were reviewed. Results of middle‐ear aspirations from these infants, the bacteriology of middle‐ear effusions, and the role of this information in their clinical management is presented. In 80% of these patients, clinical management was directly affected by tympanocentesis data.Tympanocentesis is a safe, effective diagnostic and therapeutic procedure with which otolaryngologists can provide important bacteriologic information to the pediatricians who are managing infants with sepsis.
The incidence and diagnosis of secondary esophageal carcinoma in the head and neck cancer patient
Authors: Grossman Thomas W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe historical development of additional primary neoplasms of the esophagus is traced. To determine the incidence and time of appearance of these esophageal malignancies, a retrospective study of 790 head and neck cancer patients was conducted. In addition, a prospective study of 268 head and neck cancer patients was undertaken to determine the optimum diagnostic approach for esophageal neoplasms. All patients in the prospective study had a pharyngoesophagogram plus esophagoscopy as part of the initial diagnostic evaluation. The false negative rate of the pharyngoesophagogram was 72.2% in patients with esophageal pathology. In patients with esophageal malignancies it was 80%. Esophagoscopy should be a part of the initial evaluation of every patient with an upper aerodigestive tract primary malignancy.
Neuro‐otologic applications of simultaneous multichannel audiotory evoked response recordings
Authors: Hall James W. , Morgan Susan H. , Mackey—Hargadine Judy , Aguilar Eugenio A. , Jahrsdoerfer Robert A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMultichannel auditory brain stem response (ABR) recordings were obtained in 75 acute, severely brain injured patients. The purpose of the study was to assess, in patients with varied neuro‐otologic pathology, the clinical feasibility and value of measuring the ABR simultaneously with more than one electrode array. The use of alternative electrode arrays, in addition to the conventional (vertex to stimulus ipsilateral ear) array, augmented confident identification of wave components I through VI, and was particularly useful in patients with marked middle ear pathology which confounded ABR interpretation. The ABR recorded with an indifferent (noncephalic) reference electrode,e.g., was characterized by increased Wave V amplitude, and improved definition of Wave IVvs. V. Case studies are presented to illustrate neuro‐otologic applications of the multichannel recording technique.
Non‐auditory presentations of cerebellopontine angle lesions
Authors: Meyerhoff William L. , Anderson Robert G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMost patients with cerebellopontine angle (CPA) neoplasms present with asymmetric hearing loss and/or tinnitus. For this reason it is well accepted that patients with these symptoms deserve a detailed neurotologic evaluation. Non‐auditory presentations of CPA neoplasms, on the other hand, are frequently handled in a more complacent manner which may delay diagnosis and, therefore, result in increased morbidity. Six patients seen in the last 18 months serve to exemplify this point, as all 6 presented with non‐auditory symptoms of CPA lesions and, in all cases, the diagnosis was delayed for at least 6 months.Any cranial neuropathy, unless otherwise explained, should suggest the presence of an intracranial or skull base lesion. The practicing physician must learn to give these non‐auditory symptoms respect equal to that of asymmetric hearing loss and tinnitus and, therefore, equal evaluation.
Homologous dura use in problem pocket repair
Authors: Cross James Parker 
Published: October 2006

AbstractRecently the author has noted that the use of dura results in a neo‐drum, seemingly more resistent to posterior‐superior quadrant retraction than autologous temporalis fascia.This presentation, 25 ears representing 22 patients with follow‐up between 26 and 41 months, reflects the particular use now assigned to homologous dura in drum and adjacent area repair; namely, the posterior‐superior quadrant and attic. The present use follows disappointment with previous drum repair attempts which in time seemed to be fruitless because progressive retraction with adhesions redeveloped. In a substantial way the use of dura as discussed in this paper is very similar to the use of autologous cartilage as reported by Glasscock with regard to recurrent retraction tendencies.
Neurilemmoma of the vagus nerve. A case report and brief literature review
Authors: Chang Shi Chueng , Schi Yei Mei 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA case of neurilemmoma of the vagus nerve is reported. The patient is alive and well 8 years following resection.The term “neurilemmoma” is the preferred nomenclature.The disease presentation, differential diagnosis, and the surgical approach is discussed. The proper treatment for this tumor is surgical removal with preservation of the vagus nerve if possible and reanastomosis and/or nerve grafting if that is not possible.
Dysphagia due to simultaneous laryngocele and zenker's diverticulum
Authors: Birt B. D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA case is reported of an elderly woman, a resident, in a nursing home, who developed dysphagia over a short period. Clinical and radiological examination disclosed that she had a large laryngocele and a moderate sized Zenker's diverticulum. The management plan required consideration of her social circumstances, and careful ranking of the medical priorities. Both the laryngocele and the Zenker's diverticulum were excised at a single operation and she was successfully returned to her nursing home environment.
Inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses in childhood and adolescence
Authors: Eavey Roland D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractInverted papilloma of the nose and paranasnl sinuses is a tumor not usually associated with childhood. These five cases from the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary provide the only series in the literature. The patients ranged in age from 6 to 20 years. One case involved the septum exclusively; the patient experienced a recurrence. The other four cases were of sinus origin. One of these patients also experienced recurrences before definitive surgery. Another presented with n simultaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Evaluation of these cases demonstrates that the same successful, comprehensive surgical management advised for adults is justifiable in this younger age group.
Parotid hypertrophy with bulimia: A report of surgical management
Authors: Berke Gerald S. , Calcaterra Thomas C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBenign hypertrophy of the salivary glands can occur in patients with anorexia nervosa. This enlargement has been related to nutritional deficiencies and bulimia, which is a form of episodic binge eating followed by vomiting. The surgical management of a patient with bulimia and benign bilateral parotid enlargement secondary to bulimia will be discussed. Superficial parotidectomy may be a useful adjunct in managing the cosmetic and psychological aspects of patients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia complicated by massive parotid hypertrophy intractable to medical management.
Surgical management of cutaneous carcinomas at the inner canthus
Authors: Spector J. Gershon 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSurgical management of carcinomas at the inner canthus is based on three criteria which are listed in a descending order of importance: tumor resectability with adequate margins, preservation of vision, and acceptable cosmetic result. The lesions resected are to create trapezoid or rectangular defects which can be closed simply with primary closures or with Z‐ or W‐plasties. In medium sized defects skin is borrowed from the glabella, upper nasal dorsum, or nasolabial sulci and used as rotational flaps. In more extensive lesions, through and through delects, or when lined flaps are required, nondelayed midline forehead pedicled or island flaps are employed. For very large defects, sliding cheek flaps, sickle forehead flaps, horizontal forehead flaps, and (in rare instances) scalping flaps where the distal segment is the temporal, hairless skin is used. Tumors which extend intracranially and are deemed resectable are removed with a combined intracranial approach. The latter may be via a transfrontal sinus resection or a combined lateral rhinotomy and frontal craniotomy resection. Regional lymph node metastasis normally requires a superficial parotidectomy, radical neck dissection (including submaxillary, angular, and mandibular nodes), and occasionally postauricular lymph node dissection. Distant metastases are contraindications for major surgical procedures.
A clinical pathologic study of hearing loss in congenital cytomegalovirus infection
Authors: Strauss Melvin 
Published: October 2006

AbstractCytomegulovirus (CMV) infection is currently reported as the most common cause of congenital viral induced deafness. However, few systematic studies of the audiovestibular sequelae of this infection are present in the literature. A clinical pathologic study was conducted from 1976 to 1982 to evaluate this.Fifty‐two pairs of infant and children's temporal bone studied demonstrated no evidence of CMV endolabyrinthitis even in the single case with evidence of extensive congenital CMV infection. Over 2,000 umbilical cord sera were screened to detect asymptomatic CMV infection with an incidence of 0.38% (and slightly greater than 1% when extrapolated to correct for the sensitivity of the method of detection) in a central Pennsylvania study population. No sensorineural abnormalities were detected in five asymptomatic children and 130 control children. However, three out of six (50%) infants, symptomatic at birth and followed to a mean age of 5.5 years, showed significant and progressive sensorineural loss and vestibular deficits.
Elongated styloid process syndrome: Intraoral versus external approach for styloid surgery
Authors: Strauss M. , Zohar Y. , Laurian N. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractElongnted styloid process is a source of craniofacial and cervical pain. This condition is characterized by a dull, nagging, pharyngeal pain and a palpatory finding in the tonsillar fossa. Radiologic demonstration of styloid elongation is readily made in most instances. The incidence and pathogenesis of the styloid syndrome are discussed and the differential diagnosis detailed. The only effective treatment is surgical shortening of the styloid process. Eight patients undergoing surgery for elongated styloids are reported and the intraoral and external surgical approaches are presented. The external cervical approach is preferred since surgical visualization is optimal and the risk of deep cervical infection is minimal.
Auditory brain stem response in experimentally induced hypothyroidism in albino rats
Authors: Ben‐Tovim Reuven , Zohar Yuval, , Laurian N. , Zohiar Shwahni , Laurian L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn order to elucidate the relationship between the auditory function and the thyroid state, experiments were designed to study the effect of hypothyroidism on the onset of auditory brain stem response (ABR) in 26 adult myxedematous albino rats. A state of hypothyroidism was induced by daily oral administration of 6‐N‐propyl‐2‐thiouracil (PTU). In 23 out of 26 rats we found minor changes in the amplitudes of all ABR waves without any correlation with the rats' T4 variation. We noted a conspicuous, dynamic, and reversible change in the amplitude of the third wave (N') of ABR which correlates directly with the thyroxin (T4) levels in the rats' blood. The electrophysiological finding in this report indicates a lesion in the auditory tracts in the brain stem but mainly in the second main relay station of the central auditory pathway, i.e., the superior olivary complex.
Fenestration of the horizontal semicircular canal in congenital conductive deafness
Authors: Farrior Jay B. , Rophie Sharon S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFenestration of the horizontal semicircular canal enables the otologic surgeon to restore hearing in those patients with congenital conductive deafness who are not candidates for stapedectomy, ossicular reconstruction, or tympanoplasty. Since the development of stapedectomy, much of the finesse technique of fenestration surgery has been lost, and many otologic surgeons today are unfamiliar with the fenestration operation. The surgical technique for creating a permanently patent fenestra in the horizontal semicircular canal is described. The causes of failure in fenestration surgery are reviewed. Thirty‐three patients who have undergone fenestration for congenital conductive deafness over a 30‐year period, and 100 patients who underwent fenestration for otosclerosis in 1950, are reviewed to demonstrate patient selection and the efficacy of this operation in establishing long‐term hearing improvement.
Revision stapes surgery: Problems with some solutions
Authors: Derlacki Eugene L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA review of 217 consecutive revision stapes operations performed during a ten‐year period revealed that the surgeon encounters more pathological variables than he does during primary operations. Hence, the technical solutions are less stereotyped and the net results less predictable.Prosthesis displacement, with or without incus tip erosion, was the most common primary cause of failure (82%). However, oval window problems such as footplate refixation, perilymph fistula, otosclerotic regrowth, and lateralized oval window membrane in 60% of cases often complicated prosthesis displacement.First revision operations in 174 cases resulted in postoperative bone‐air deficit of 10 dB or less in 65% of cases, much better than the 45% for second revision results, and the 25% for third revisions. These statistics provide our practice with a realistic prognosis when discussing revision stapes surgery with the individual surgical candidate.
Pediatric nasal resistance
Authors: Principato Jerold J. , Wolf Pamela 
Published: October 2006

AbstractRhinometry has provided a quantitative and objective means of assessing nasal airway patency. Previous investigators have established normal nasal resistances for adults and newborn infants. Less material and no such normal references are available for the pediatric ages. In this study, nasal airway resistance is assessed by anterior rhinometric technique in 498 children ranging from four to 16 years of age. Collected nasal resistance data are found to vary inversely with age and fall in an almost linear fashion between already established normals of infancy and adulthood. As far as we can determine, pediatric age specific nasal resistance data with calculated standard deviations and 95% confidence levels have not been previously reported. Such data provides initial age specific reference points enabling the rhinologist to more objectively evaluate concerns regarding nasal obstructive problems in children.
Autologous fibrin tissue adhesive
Authors: Siedentop Karl H. , Harris David M. , Sanchez Ben 
Published: October 2006

AbstractVarious methods of making fibrin tissue adhesive from a patient's own blood were evaluated. The method using ammonium sulfate for fibrinogen preparation produced the greatest bonding strength.The average bonding strength of the commercially manufactured adhesive and of the autologous fibrin tissue adhesive were compared at 10 minutes and 30 minutes after glucing together lxl cm samples of fresh human dura. Results indicate the commercial glue holding 57 gms/cm2 at 10 minutes and 123 gms/cm2 at 30 minutes, while autologous glue prepared with the “ammonium sulfate method” has a bonding strength of 41 gms/cm2 at 10 minutes and 217 gms/cm2 at 30 minutes.
Extended follow‐up of total inferior turbinate resection for relief of chronic nasal obstruction
Authors: Moore Gary F. , Freeman Todd J. , Ogren Frederic P. , Yonkers Anthony J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTotal inferior turbinectomy has been proposed as a treatment for chronic nasal airway obstruction refractory to other, more conservative, methods of treatment. Traditionally, it has been criticized because of its adverse effects on nasophysiology. In this study, patients who had previously undergone total inferior turbinectomy were evaluated with the use of an extensive questionnaire. It confirms that total inferior turbinectomy carries significant morbidity and should be condemned.
The role of fine needle aspiration in the management of the thyroid nodule
Authors: Griffies William Scott , Donegan Elizabeth , Abel Michael E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe role of fine needle aspiration (FNA) in the management of the patient with a thyroid nodule continues to be controversial. We present a retrospective study of 69 patients who underwent FNA for thyroid nodules over a two‐year period. No false positive or false negative fine needle aspirations are reported in 22 patients who underwent surgery. From the results of this study and other studies in the literature, we feel that ultrasonography and thyroid scans are of minimal additional benefit in determining whether a nodule is benign or malignant. It is our opinion that FNA, along with clinical assessment, should be the diagnostic test to determine the management of the thyroid nodule in centers with personnel experienced in FNA.
Rhinocerebral mucormycosis with internal carotid occlusion: Report of two cases and review of the literature
Authors: Anaissie Elias J. , Shikhani Alain H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTwo fatal cases of rhinocerebral mucormycosis with fungal invasion and occlusion of the internal carotid artery are described. Review of the literature reveals 35 similar cases of whom only 6 survived.Emphasis is placed on the need for early diagnosis and prompt therapy which consists of correction of the underlying disease, aggressive surgical debridement, and amphotericin B.
Fourth pharyngeal pouch sinus
Authors: Ostfeld Ervin , Segal Jacob , Auslander Lya , Rabinson Suzanna 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis is the first description and documentation of an extremely rare developmental anomaly of the pharyngeal apparatus in a 15‐year‐old female. The clinical, radiological, histological, and anatomical findings indicated that the anomaly originated in the pharyngeal fourth pouch. It presented as a recurrent lateral neck abscess which was due to a paratracheal sinus. This sinus penetrated the larynx and after a translaryngeal course ended in the pyriform sinus. It was caudad to the superior laryngeal nerve nnd external to the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Its penetration into the larynx at the cricothyroid joint region could serve as a useful surgical landmark.
High frequency needle dissection rhytidectomy
Authors: Kamer Frank M. , Cohen Alfred 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFifty consecutive rhytidectomies were performed utilizing high frequency needle dissection on one side and standard sharp dissection on the other for all incisions and flap elevation. The efficacy of this technique in hemostasis, prevention of hematoma, and wound healing is compared to the conventional technique of rhytidectomy. The advantages and disadvantages of the modality are discussed.
Diagnostic criteria in functional dysphonia
Authors: Morrison Murray D. , Nichol Hamish , Rammage Linda A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractOne thousand consecutive patients seen in a multidisciplinary voice clinic are reviewed. The incidence and relative severity of diagnostic features in each of five assessment areas are calculated and compared. The five areas include: 1. history, 2. laryngoscopic examination, 3. perceptual‐acoustic assessment, 4. voice related musculoskeletal, and 5. psychological evaluations. Feature prevalence is presented for patients we have classified as having muscular tension dysphonia, which can be primary, or associated with vocal nodules, chronic laryngitis, or polypoidal degeneration; or as having a psychogenic “functional” dysphonia. Following review of the data, we present a suggested list of diagnostic criteria that should be present before using a specific diagnostic label. These criteria have been further broken down into those that will be present to make a diagnosis, and those that may be present.
Pharyngeal plexus neurectomy for alaryngeal speech rehabilitation
Authors: Singer Mark I. , Blom Eric D. , Hamaker Ronald C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPharyngeal constrictor and cricopharyngeal spasm have been implicated as deterrants to esophageal speech acquisition as well as tracheoesophageal phonation. Recent efforts to reduce the resultant hypertonicity include pharyngeal constrictor myotomies and modifications of pharyngeal reconstruction during laryngectomy. Investigation of the innervation of the muscular wall of the pharynx led to the development of a pharyngeal plexus neurectomy technique to alter the tonicity of the pharynx without myotomy. The resultant alaryngeal speech is fluent, and acoustic parameters compare favorably to esophageal speech.
The intrinsic vasculature of the cat facial nerve
Authors: Balkany Thomas 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTreatment of facial nerve disorders is based in part on assumptions regarding the intrinsic blood supply of the nerve. This study was designed to comprehensively delineate the intrinsic facial nerve microcirculation and its relation to the extrinsic circulation in an animal model.Twenty‐eight cat facial nerves were removed intact from brain stem to stylomastoid foramen following intravital fixation. Specimens were studied by gross dissection, silicone injection and tissue clearing, complete vessel counts on serial cross sections of individual nerves, and scanning electron microscopy or transmission electron microscopy.The labyrinthine segment of the cat facial nerve contains strikingly fewer intrinsic blood vessels than the mastoid and tympanic segments. The geniculate ganglion, however, has a distinct, rich vascular plexus.The ultrastructure of the intrinsic facial nerve vessels is similar to other small vessels of the body with tight junctions of the endothelium and overlapping spiral smooth muscle fibers of arterioles, as well as surrounding pericytes.
Mandibular involvement by oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Gilbert Scott , Tzadik Abraham , Leonard Gerald 
Published: October 2006

AbstractDetecting mandibular bone involvement by oral carcinoma prior to definitive therapy poses a difficult problem for the head and neck surgeon. A retrospective study of 104 patients who underwent segmental mandibular resection for oral squamous cell carcinoma was undertaken to detect the incidence of mandibular bone involvement. Specimens from 23 patients (22%) demonstrated tumor invasion on decalcified histologic examination. Histologic evidence of bone involvement was correlated with the site of lesion, stage of the disease, the grade of tumor, the clinical impression of bone involvement, and the presence or absence of neck disease. Bone invasion on histologic examination was also compared with preoperative bone scans and radiographs. The data obtained demonstrates significant mandibular involvement with alveolar tumors and lesions clinically adjacent to the mandible. There was also a high incidence of histologic bone involvement in patients who had radiologic or bone scan evidence of tumor erosion. We support segmental mandibulectomy on the basis of providing adequate tumor margins for patients fulfilling these criteria.