bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Children Chronically Diseased
Authors: HERLITZ GILLIS , REDIN BJÖRN 
Published: January 2008

SummaryOn the basis of specified criteria we have attempted to carry out an over‐all survey of chronically diseased children in a 10‐year series of a population of 265,000 in Sweden. The incidence of chronic disease was 12.4 per 1000 children aged 2–11 years. Sixty per cent of the material were boys. The various groups of incapacitating diseases are reviewed and social, therapeutic, and educational problems discussed. The present writers urgently demand increased attention on the part of the community for the chronically sick children and advise a conjoint management of their affairs on a team‐work basis within the separate health‐service areas of the country.Les affections chroniques chez l'enfant.En se basant sur des critères déterminés, les auteurs se sont efforcés de dresser un bilan des affections chroniques de l'enfance en Suède, dans un groupe de 265 000 per‐sonnes, et en étudiant une période de dix années. La fréquence a pu être fixée à 12.4 pour mille enfants, âgés de 2 à 11 ans. Soixante pour cent d'entr'eux étaient des garçons. La nature des affections causales est indiquée, et les problèmes sociaux, thérapeutiques et éducatifs qu'ils posent sont passés en revue. Les auteurs sollicitent une attention accrue à l'égard de ce groupe d'enfants atteints d'affections chroniques. La solution des problèmes nécessite la collaboration en équipe des divers services sociaux du pays.Chronisch kranke Kinder.Auf der Basis von spezifizierten Kriterien haben die Autoren versucht, sich einen Überblick über chronisch kranke Kinder in einer 10‐Jahresgruppe einer Bevölkerung von 265 000 in Schweden zu verschaffen. Das Vorkommen von chronischen Erkran‐kungen betrug bei Kindern von 2–11 Jahren 12,4 auf 1000. 60 % des Materials waren Knaben. Die verschiedenen Gruppen der die Leistungsfähigkeit herabsetzenden Erkran‐kungen werden geprüft und soziale, therapeutische und erzieherische Probleme erörtert. Die Autoren fordern dringend eine stärkere Beachtung chronisch kranker Kinder und empfehlen eine gemeinschaftliche Handhabung ihrer Belange auf Team‐Work Basis innerhalb der einzelnen Gesundheitsdienstbezirke des Landes.Niños con enfermedades crónicas.Sobre las bases de un criterio específico, los autores han intentado llevar a eabo una pesquisa de niños cronicamente enfermos en una serie de 10 años de edad correspon‐diente a una población sueca de 265 000 habitantes. La incidencia de enfermedades crónicas fué de 12.4 por 1000 niños entre los 2 y los 11 años de edad. 60 por ciento del material eran varones. Se revisan los distintos grupos de enfermedades incapacitantes discutiéndose los problemas sociales, terapéuticos y educacionales. Los autores requieren urgente atención, de parte de la comunidad, hacia los niños cronicamente enfermos y aconsejan un manejo conjunto de sus problemas sobre la base de trabajo en equipo entre las areas del servicio de saludad de diferentes partes del país.
Hypertonic Expansion of the Extracellular Fluids
Authors: McCance R. A. , WIDDOWSON E. M. 
Published: January 2008

Summary1. Sodium chloride was added to the milk given to premature infants and newborn piglets which were then reared by hand.2. The addition of salt led to (a) an abnormal increase of weight; (b) a rise in the serum sodium and chloride; (c) an expansion of the extracellular volume and ultimately massive oedema; (d) a reduction in the catabolism of tissue protein; (e) no increased excretion of potassium, if anything the reverse.3. Similar and. even more clear cut results were obtained when the piglets were given water and salted water instead of milk and salted milk.4. When the administration of salt was stopped the infants rapidly regained their healthy status.Expansion hypertonique des liquides extracellulaires.Du chlorure de sodium a été ajouté au lait destinéà des enfants nés avant terme ainsi qu' à des porcelets nouveaunés qui furent alors élevés au biberon. L'addition de chlorure de sodium au lait amena: a) une augmentation anormale du poids oorporel, b) une augmentation du taux du sodium et des ions chlorés dans le sérum, c) une augmentation du volume des liquides extracellulaires et subsidiairement un œdème massif, d) une réduction du catabolisme des protéines tissulaires, e) une diminution plutôt qu'une augmentation de l'élimination du potassium. Des résultats analogues et même plus nets encore ont été obtenus chez des porcelets nourris d'eau et d'eau salée au lieu de lait et de lait salé. Une fois que le sel eut été supprimé, les bébés redevinrent rapidement bien portants.Hypertonische Ausdehnung der intracellulären Flüssigkeiten.Kochsalz wurde zur Milch zugesetzt, die frühgeborenen Säuglingen und neugeborenen Schweinchen verabreicht wurde. Der Salzzusatz bewirkte: a. eine abnormale Gewichtszunahme, b. eine Steigerung im Natrium‐und Chloridgehalt im Serum, c. eine Expansion des aussercellulären Volumens und schliesslich massives Oedem, d. eine Reduzierung im Abbau der Gewebsproteine, e. keine Erhöhung, wenn nicht Herabsetzung der Kaliumausscheidung. Ähnliche und sogar eindeutigere Resultate wurden erzielt, wenn die Schweinchen Wasser und Salzwasser anstatt der Milch und der gesalzenen Milch erhielten. Wenn die Verabreichung des Kochsalzes unterbrochen wurde, kehrten die Säuglinge rasch zu ihrem gesunden Zustand zurück.Expansión hipertónica de los liquidos extracelulares.Se añadió cloruro de sodio a la leche suministrada a prematuros y también a lechoncillos recién nacidos criados a mano. La adición de la sal condujo a: (a) aumentación anormal de peso, (b) ascenso del sodio y cloruro séricos, (c) expansón del volumen extracelular y finalmente edematización masiva, (d) reducción catabólica protéicotisular, (e) aumento nulo de excreción potásica y más bien lo contrario. Resultados análogos y todavía inàs pronunciados obtenidos cuando se suministró a los lechoncillos agua y agua salada en lugar de leohe y leche salada. Al suspenderse la administración de sal, los niñitos recobraron rápidamente las condiciones de la salud.
The Management of Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus in Early Life
Authors: GAUTIER EMILE , SIMPKISS MICHAEL 
Published: January 2008

SummaryIn two patients with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, the requirements for normoelectrolytaemia have been defined in terms of water intake and solute output. The principles and difficulties of treatment are discussed.Traitement du diabète insipide rénal chez les tout jeunes.Pour deux malades atteints de diabète insipide rénal, la normoélectrolytémie se base sur le contrôle de la ration hydrique et de l'excrétion des solutés. Les principes et les difficultés du traitement sont discutés.Die Behandlung des nephrogenen Diabetes insipidus im frühen Alter.Bei zwei Kranken mit nephrogenem Diabetes insipidus wurden die Erfordernisse für Normoelektrolytämie, ausgedrückt in der Quantität der Wasseraufnahme und der ausgeschiedenen Lösungen, bestimmt. Die Grundsätze und Schwierigkeiten der Behandlung werden erörtert.Tratamiento de la diabetes insípida nefrogena en la edad temprana.Defínense los requisites normoelectrolitémicos de dos pacientes afectos de diabetes insípida nefrógena, bajo los conceptos de ingreso acuoso y rendimiento soluto. Discusión de los principios y dificultades del tratamiento.
Surgical Treatment of Funnel Chest
Authors: EKSTRÖM GÜNNAR , QVIST OVE 
Published: January 2008

SummaryA surgical technique for the correction of funnel chest is described. The operation has been performed on 40 children without fatality.Funnel chest is not only a cosmetic defect. All cases detected in infancy should be regularly examined. The most suitable age for the operation described is 3 to 6 years.Traitement chirurgical du thorax en entonnoir.Description d'une technique chirurgicale pour la correction du thorax en entonnoir. 40 enfants ont subi cette operation; il n'y a pas eu de mort. Le thorax en entonnoir n'est pas seulement un défaut cosmétique. Tous les cas dépistés pendant la première enfance doivent être examinés régulièrement. Le meilleur âge pour opérer est entre 3 et 6 ans.Chirurgische Behandlung der Trichterbrust.Es wird eine chirurgische Technik für die Korrektur der Trichterbrust beschrieben. Die Operation wurde an 40 Kindern ohne einen Todesfall durchgeführt. Die Trichterbrust ist nicht nur ein Sohönheitsfehler. Alle in früher Kindheit entdeckten Fälle müssen regelmässig untersucht werden. Das für den beschriebenen Eingriff günstigste Alter ist von 3–6 Jahreii.Tratamiento quirúrgico del torax en embudo.Descríbese una técnica quirúrgica para la correoción del tórax infundibuliforme. La operación fué ejeoutada en 40 niños sin desenlace fatal. El tórax en embudo no es un defeoto cosmético solamente. Todos log casos identificados en la infancia deben examinarse eon regularidad. La edad más adecuada para la operación clescrita es la de 3 a 6 años.
Female Non‐Adrenal Pseudohermaphroditism
Authors: NILSSON LARS R. , SÖDERHJELM LARS 
Published: January 2008

SummaryA case of non‐adrenal female pseudohermaphroditism is described. An outline is given for the establishment of the diagnosis in new‐born infants with conditions of ambisexual differentiation.Pseudo‐hermaphrodisme non surrénal chez un enfant du sexe féminin.L'auteur deerit un cas de pseudo‐hermaphrodisme non surrenal chez un nouveau‐né et donne quelques indications pour l'établissement du diagnostic chez les nouveau‐nés qui présentent des caractères des deux sexes.Weiblicher, nicht nebennierenbedingter Pseudohermaphroditismus.Ein Fall von nicht nebennierenbedingtem Pseudohermaphroditismus bei einem neugeborenen Kinde wird beschrieben. Ein Entwurf für die Diagnosenstellung bei Neugeborenen mit den Bedingungen für ambisexuelle Differenzierung wird angegeben.Seudohermafroditismo femenino no adrenal.Descripción de un caso de seudohermafroditismo no adrenal en un recién nacido.Directivas para determinar el diagnóstico en recién nacidos con las condiciones de diferenciación ambisexual.
Renal Concentration Capacity during Acute, Nonobstructive Urinary Tract Infections in Infancy and Early Childhood
Authors: WINBERG JAN 
Published: January 2008

SummarySix infants with acute, febrile, non‐obstructive urinary tract infection have been examined with respect to the renal concentration capacity. This was found to be lowered in 5 of these 6 cases. The findings suggest a damage most probably localized to the collecting ducts and it is concluded that such impairment is often present even in the mild cases of urinary tract infections in infancy, often classified as cysto‐pyelitis. The implications of these findings are briefly discussed.Concentration de la capacityé rénale pendant lea infections aiguëa du tractus urinaire, non‐obstructif, chez lea nourriaaona et les jeunes enfants.Six enfants avec une infection aiguë febrile du tractus urinaire non‐obstructif ont été examinés pour la capacityé de la concentration rénale. Dans 5 sur ces 6 cas, on a trouvé celle‐ci diminuée.Les résultats suggèrent une détérioration assez étendue dans les canaux collecteurs et on conclut qu'une telle diminution est souvent trouvée même dans les cas d'infection faible du tractus urinaire chez les nourrissons, souvent classés comme cystopyélite. Les conséquences de ces résultats sont brièvement discutées.Konzentrationakapazität der Nieren während akuter, nicht obstrulctiver Harnweg‐Infektionen bei Säuglingen und in der frühen Kindheit (Kleinkindern).Sechs Kinder mit akuter, nicht obstruktiver, Harnweg‐Infektion wurden im Hinblick auf Nierenkonzentrationsfähigkeit untersucht. Diese war in 5 von 6 Fällen auffallend vermindert. Die Untersuchungen weisen auf einen ziemlich ausgedehnten Schaden an den Sammelkanälchen und man folgert daraus, dass diese Beeinträchtigung oft gerade in milden Fällen von Harnweginfektionen vorkommt und öfters als Cystopyelitis klassifiert wird. Die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchungen werden kurz diskutiert.Capacidad de concentración renal en las infeccionea agudas, no obstructivas, de las vias urinariaa en la infancia.Se exploró la capacidad de concentración renal en 6 niños con infección aguda febril, no obstructiva, de las vias urinarias. En 5 de estos 6 casos se halló muy disminuida. Ello sugiere la existencia de extensas lesiones de los túbulos colectores, concluyéndose en que estas alteraciones se presentan a menudo incluso en las infecciones moderadas de las vias urinarias, en la infancia, clasificadas con frecuencia de cistopielitis. Se discuten brevemente las deducciones a que llevan las anteriores observaciones.
Cerebral Lesions in Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita
Authors: EK J. I. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryThe author reviews sundry earlier conjectures about the etiology of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (a.m.c.).Eight cases are described. In four of these the author demonstrates established findings of organic cerebral lesions. A fifth case, an imbecile girl, is a suspected case on the basis of findings with pneumoencephalography. Of the remaining three cases two arouse suspicion of similar lesions, whereas the third and least investigated case leaves the question unanswered.As judged by these cases it would appear that cerebral injuries are commonly encountered in patients suffering from a.m.c. This statement, which has not before been mentioned, is also supported by a critical examination of earlier case histories, in which symptoms indicating cerebral lesions were often found.It is important that the diagnostic criteria in a.m.c. should be fully satisfied. A brief review is given of opinions expressed by other authors about the symptomatology in a.m.c. Finally it is maintained that the dominant symptomatologic conditions in a.m.c. seem to be the pronounced, bilateral deformities present at birth in both the, upper and the lower extremities.Lésions cérébrales dans des cas ?arthrogryposis multiplex congenita.Ľauteur donne un aperçu sommaire de conjectures antérieures concernant ľétiologie de ľarthrogryposis multiplex congenita. Il rapporte 8 cas traités par lui‐même. Dans 5 ?entre eux, ľauteur trouve des signes établis de lésions cérébrales. Parmi les trois cas restants, deux ?entre eux ont réVeillé des soupçons ?avoir de telles lésions, tandis que le troisieme cas a laissé la question sans réponse.Hirnbeschädigungen bei Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita.Verfasser gibt zunächst eine kurze Zusammenstellung der die Aetiologie der Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita betreffenden, früher ausgesprochenen Hypothesen. Acht eigene Fälle werden präsentiert. Bei fünf unter diesen wurden Zeichen von zweifelloser Hirnschädigung festgestellt. Unter den drei restlichen Fällen befanden sich zwei mit verdächtigten Hirnläsionen, während bei dem dritten diese Frage offen gelassen werden musste.Lesiones cerebrales en la artrogryposis múltiplex congenita.El autor resume brevemente conjeturas anteriores acerea de la etiologfa de la artrogryposis múltiplex congénita. Casuística de ocho pacientes particulares. En cinco de estos casos el autor halla sintomas establecidos de lesiones cerebrates. En los demás tres casos, dos de ellos hacen nacer sospechas en cuanto a tales lesiones, mientras que el tercer caso deja el problema sin resolver.
An Autoradiographic Study of the Fate of Transfused Thymus Lymphocytes1
Authors: DIDERHOLM H. , FICHTELIUS K. E. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryThymus lymphocytes labelled with radio‐active phosphorus were injected intravenously from guinea‐pig to guinea‐pig. The recipient animals were killed after 48 hours and autoradiographs prepared from spleen, liver, hepatic and mesenteric lymph nodes and from bone marrow. The labelled cells were traced to the perifollicular regions of the spleen and non‐follicular regions of the hepatic lymph node.
Survival of Cr51‐labelled Red Cells from New‐born Infants1
Authors: FOCONI SEVERINO , SJÖLIN STIG 
Published: January 2008

SummaryThe survival of Cr51‐labelled placental red cells of 10 full‐term and 6 premature infants was studied after transfusion to adult recpients. The mean apparent half‐life of the red cells from full‐term infants was found to be 22.8 days, and that of red cells from premature infants 15.8 days (cf. 27.5 days for red cells from adults). Results obtained by others using the differential agglutination method have indicated a longer life span than that corresponding to the Cr51 half‐times above mentioned. The most probable explanation of this difference seems to be that Cr51 is eluted more rapidly from fetal red cells than from red cells of adults. This hypothesis is corroborated by the results of experiments in vitro on intact red cells.
Fatal Bacterial Infections in the Antibiotic Era
Authors: LAGERCRANTZ RUTGER 
Published: January 2008

Summary and ConclusionsSome fatal cases of bacterial infections from a children's hospital are presented and analysed. The total mortality in such diseases is now low in Sweden. In order to reduce it still further, the following precautions are suggested:1. Early clinical and bacteriological diagnosis (especially in infants regarding capillary bronchitis and meningitis).2. Bacteriological examinations (sensitivity tests included), repeated in cases with poor response to treatment. Early report of results.3. Good hospital hygiene. The hospital should not be dangerous for the patients.4. No prophylaxis with antibiotics. Limited use of broad spectrum antibiotics for treatment.5. In fatal cases with proven or suspected infections bacteriological examinations post mortem are important for complete evaluation.
Diarrhoea Caused by Deficiency of Sugar Splitting Enzymes. I.
Authors: WEIJERS I. H. A. , KAMER J. H. VAN DE , DICKE W. K. , IJSSELING J. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryIn 3 children suffering from chronic diarrhoea in which all normally occurring causes (including coeliac disease) were ruled out, the absence (or defective functioning) of invertase and/or maltase was proved to be the cause. The diarrhoea was arrested with a monosaccharide diet, and in the case of invertase deficiency also an invertase preparation helped. The observation of Holzel et al. that a chronic diarrhoea‐without excretion of lactose with the urine‐also can be caused by lactase deficiency could be confirmed in another child.The criteria were the severity of the diarrhoea, the pH of the faeces and the excretion in the stools of lactic acid and the volatile lower fatty acids, gas‐chro‐matographically differentiated into formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, (iso)‐butyric acid, (iso)valeric acid and caproic acid.It appeared that for the diagnosis of diarrhoeas caused by carbohydrate intolerance, the lactic acid content of the faeces is especially valuable. Differentiation of the faecal flora gives no help.In no case more than traces of sugar where excreted with the urine.
Bone Marrow Aplasia in Childhood Leukaemia
Authors: GLÜCK ERNEST , LAMVIK JON 
Published: January 2008

SummarySix of 21 children with blast cell leultaemia were found a t post‐mortem to have a hypoplastic or aplastic bone marrow. Leukaemic infiltrations were found in the organs of all the cases with a hyperplastic marrow, but were present in only one of the cases in the aplastic group and are limited to the meninges. The cause of aplasia of the bone marrow in leukaemis is discussed, particularly with regard to the possible influence of the folic acid antagonists. In two of the cases the bone marrow biopsies were indicative of an aplastic course from the start. The treatment in these cases seems to have reduced the activity of the bone marrow still further. In one case the aplasia developed during prolonged treatment with folic acid antagonists; a causal relationship is, however, uncertain. In the remaining three cases there was a haematological response after treatment with folic acid antagonists. At autopsy changes that could have been due to lack of folic acid were found in the organs.
Exudative Enteropathy
Authors: DOOREN L. J. , GELDEREN H. H. Van , VINK C. L. J. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryThree patients with essential hypopro‐teinaemia are described. In all of them, signs and symptoms suggested an intestinal lesion. In two of them a PVP test wiis performed and gave a pathological result. Our cases and those of others strongly support the hypothesis that many cases of unexplained hypoproteinaemia are caused by intestinal disease. The poor general condition of one of the patients led us to perform a laporotomy. Biopsies showed distinct lesions of the small intestine. A large part of the diseased small intestine was resected without benefit.In some chronic cases surgical intervention may be tried. The PVP test, as first described by Gordon, is of great diagnostic aid in such cases.
Identification of Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli 0111: B4 by Means of Fluorescent Antibodies
Authors: DANIELSSON DAN , LAURELL GUNNAR 
Published: January 2008

SummaryThe fluorescent antibody technique has been tested during a current epidemic of infantile diarrhoea due to E. Coli 0111: B4, and has been compared with the conventional bacteriological and serological techniques. Four different modifications have been compared. After enrichment of the faecal specimens in broth the greatest number of positive specimens was obtained by the fluorescent antibody technique. It was possible by means of this technique to demonstrate the organisms in 15 infants and one adult in 35 specimens, whereas conventional culture, all modifications together, revealed them in 12 infants in 26 specimens. The time for putting a diagnosis is greatly reduced by the fluorescent method. The method's didvantages and its use in routine practice are discussed.
Icterus and Xanthomatosis
Authors: SVENDSEN HARALD MORTEN 
Published: January 2008

SummaryThe clinical course of a two and a half year old boy with icterus, hepatomegaly, xanthomatosis and marked elevation of the serum lipids is described. In the process of this disease, these clinical and biochemical signs slowly disappeared and the patient seems to have regained complete health. The diagnostic problems are discussed. It is concluded that the patient suffered from a primary liver disease, most likely viral hepatitis of the cholangitic type, with development of secondary xanthomatosis.
Studies on Ester Sulphates 12. Excretion of Sulphate Acceptors in Phenylketonuria
Authors: BOSTROM HARRY , WENGLE BO 
Published: January 2008

Summary1. The pattern of sulphate acceptors present in the urine of phenylketonurics and control cases was visualized by chromato‐autoradiographic methods, after treatment of urine specimens in a sulphur ‐ylating rat‐liver system in the presence of S35‐labelled sulphate.2. The sulphate of o‐HPAA formed during this procedure from o‐HPAA excreted in the urine of phenylketonurics could be demonstrated as a well‐defined spot (pk 1) on the autoradiograms in all untreated cases.3. Another sulphate acceptor, revealed after acid hydrolysis, was shown to be identical with the hydantoin formed from urea and p‐HPPA during hydrolysis. The concentration of the ester sulphate of this hydantoin (pk 2) probably reflects the amount of p‐HPPA excreted in phen‐ylketonuria. This compound did not vanish from the urine specimens of patients given a low‐phenylalanine diet for periods of up to 13 months. It was, however, absent in one case treated for 29 months. The significance of these findings, as well as the possibilities of the method applied, are discusspd.