bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exposure to statin therapy decreases the incidence of venous thromboembolism after trauma
Authors: Sanders Kelly E. , Hatton Gabrielle E. , Mankame Atharwa R. , Allen Addison C. , Cunningham Sarah , Van Gent Jan Michael , Fox Erin E. , Zhang Xu , Wade Charles E. , Cotton Bryan A. , Cardenas Jessica C. 
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in trauma patients, despite chemoprophylaxis. Statins have been shown capable of acting upon the endothelium. We hypothesized that statin therapy in the pre- or in-hospital settings leads to a decreased incidence of VTE.

METHODS
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of injured patients who received statin therapy pre- or in-hospital. Adult, highest-level trauma activation patients admitted from January 2018 to June 2022 were included. Patients on prehospital anticoagulants, had history of inherited bleeding disorder, and who died within the first 24 hours were excluded. Statin users were matched to nonusers by statin use indications including age, current heart and cardiovascular conditions and history, hyperlipidemia, injury severity, and body mass index. Time to in-hospital statin initiation and occurrence of VTE and other complications within 60 days were collected. Differences between groups were determined by univariate, multivariable logistic regression, and Cox proportional hazard analyses.

RESULTS
Of 3,062 eligible patients, 79 were statin users, who were matched to 79 nonusers. There were no differences in admission demographics, vital signs, injury pattern, transfusion volumes, lengths of stay, or mortality between groups. The overall VTE incidence was 10.8% (17 of 158). Incidence of VTE in statin users was significantly lower (3%) than nonusers (19%; p = 0.003). Differences between statin users and nonusers were observed for rates of deep vein thrombosis (0% vs. 9%), pulmonary embolism (3% vs. 15%), and sepsis (0% vs. 5%). Exposure to statins was associated with an 82% decreased risk of developing VTE (hazard ratio, 0.18; 95% confidence interval, 0.04–0.86; p = 0.033).

CONCLUSION
Statin exposure was associated with decline in VTE and lower individual rates of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and sepsis. Our findings indicate that statins should be evaluated further as a possible adjunctive therapy for VTE chemoprophylaxis after traumatic injury.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; Level IV.
Quality, Reliability, and Readability of Online Information on Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: Hassan Amr K. , Eleiwa Taher K. , Hassan Mohamed A. , Sallam Ahmed B. , Ali Hossam T. , Abdelnaem Salah , Gise Ryan , Phillips Paul H. , Elhusseiny Abdelrahman M. 
Published: March 2024

Background:
To evaluate the quality & reliability, technical quality, and readability of patient-targeted online information on idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, we searched Google and Bing search engines for the terms “idiopathic intracranial hypertension” and “pseudotumor cerebri.” We evaluated the first 50 search outcomes for each search term. Peer-reviewed articles, targeted advertisements, book chapters, videos, personal blogs, websites intended for healthcare professionals, and non-English websites were excluded. Websites were classified as institutional or private. Two independent reviewers assessed each website for 1) quality and reliability using DISCERN, Health on the Net Code of Conduct (HONcode), and JAMA criteria and 2) technical quality based on 11 criteria. Readability was evaluated using 6 measures (Flesch–Kincaid Reading Ease score and grade level, Gunning Fog, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (Smog) index, Coleman–Liau index, and automated readability index).

Results:
Sixty-three websites (37 institutional) were included. The mean scores for the DISCERN, HONcode, and JAMA criteria were 3.6 ± 1 (1–4.8; 1: worse, 5: best), 10.3 ± 2.8 (2–16; 0: worse, 16: best), and 2 ± 1.3 (0–4; 0: worse, 4: best), respectively. The mean technical quality score was 0.8 ± 0.1 (0.5–1). The mean Flesch–Kincaid grade level score was 8.9 ± 1.8 (3.3–13.3). For Flesch–Kincaid grade level, 47 (74.6%) websites scored a grade level of 10 or less. For Gunning Fog Score, 35 websites (55.6%) scored from 7.3 to 10.8. For the Smog Index, 46 (73%) websites scored 5.7–8. The mean Coleman Liau Index was 16 ± 2.1 (9.6–22.2). For the automated readability index, 30 (50.7%) websites scored less than the eighth grade. No statistically significant difference was present between institutional and private websites except for JAMA, which scored higher in private websites (2.4 vs 1.7, P = 0.03).

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that online information on idiopathic intracranial hypertension/pseudotumor cerebri for patients generally demonstrates moderate to good quality and reliability. Although most websites maintain credible technical quality, the readability exceeds recommended levels for the average American reader. This may impede understanding, emphasizing the need for future improvements.
Benefits of Collaboration Between the Wound, Ostomy, and Continence Nurse and Orthopedic Surgeon When Treating Skin Defects After Soft Tissue Sarcoma Resection
Authors: Sasaki Hiromi , Nishiobino Tomoyo , Tominaga Hiroyuki , Tokushige Akihiro , Shinohara Naohiro , Nagano Satoshi , Taniguchi Noboru 
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the benefits of collaborative management between orthopedic surgery and WOC nurses in patients undergoing resection of subcutaneous sarcomas.

DESIGN:
Retrospective case-control study.

SUBJECTS AND SETTING:
The sample comprised 25 patients who underwent wide resection for soft tissue sarcoma, followed by 2-stage split-thickness skin grafting. Data collection occurred between January 2015 and April 2021 in a university hospital based in Kagoshima, Japan. For comparison, we categorized these patients into 2 groups: intervention group participants were managed by an orthopedic surgeon and a WOC nurse; nonintervention group members were managed without WOC nurse participation.

METHODS:
Patient background and treatment-related information was retrospectively collected from medical records and compared between the WOC nurse intervention group and the nonintervention group, including maximum tumor diameter, surgical time, maximum skin defect diameter, length of hospital stay, and time from surgery to complete wound healing.

RESULTS:
The average length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in the WOC nurse intervention group compared with the nonintervention group (38.3 days, SD = 8.0 vs 47.1 days, SD = 10.2; P = .023).

CONCLUSION:
Collaborative wound management with a WOC nurse resulted in a shorter hospital length of stay when compared to traditional management with WOC nurse involvement. Based on these findings, we assert that WOC nurses provide an important bridge between postoperative wound management in patients undergoing resection of subcutaneous sarcomas.
A Peer-to-Peer Approach to Increasing Staff Competency and Engagement in Wound and Ostomy Care
Authors: Aningalan Alexis M. , Walker Stephanie I. , Gannon Brittany (Ray) 
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this quality improvement (QI) project was to provide an innovative, participatory approach to the education of staff nurses and nursing support personnel to improve skills and competencies in wound and ostomy care while enhancing staff engagement and empowerment.

PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING:
Project planning occurred between January and October 2020 and implementation began in November 2020. The project was implemented in 1 intensive care unit and 6 adult medical-surgical units of a 288-bed community hospital in the northeastern United States (Bronxville, New York). Participants included RNs and nursing support staff working in intensive care and medical-surgical units. A postimplementation survey was conducted in May 2021.

APPROACH:
The Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) model was used as a framework for this QI intervention. A peer-to-peer approach to staff education addressing different learning styles was used to improve knowledge and competencies of staff nurses pertaining to wound and ostomy care.

OUTCOMES:
There were 72 participants; 68% (n = 49) exhibited knowledge retention 5 months after initial participation; 85% (n = 61) reported a high level of engagement; and 97.5% (n = 70) reported a high level of satisfaction 5 months after project implementation.

IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE:
An emerging need exists for educational innovation regarding wound and ostomy care to improve quality of care, nursing care outcomes, and staff engagement. Through a peer-to-peer approach to wound and ostomy care education, enhanced clinical knowledge and competencies can result in improved patient safety and increase care outcomes.
Parastomal Hernia Following Ileal Conduit
Authors: Che Xinyan , Huang Haiwen , Wang Wei , Zhong Lijun , Yu Shuhui , Huang Yanbo , Xi Zhijun 
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to measure the incidence of parastomal hernia (PH) after radical cystectomy and ileal conduit. Secondary aims were the identification of risk factors for PH and to compare the health-related quality of life (QOL) between patients with and without PH.

DESIGN:
Retrospective review of medical records combined with cross-sectional administration of the QOL instrument and telephone follow-up.

SUBJECTS AND SETTING:
The study sample comprised 219 patients who underwent radical cystectomy and ileal conduit for urothelial cancer between February 2014 and December 2018. The study setting was Peking University First Hospital (Beijing, China).

METHODS:
Demographic and pertinent clinical data, including development of PH, were gathered via the retrospective review of medical records. Participants were also asked to complete the traditional Chinese language version of the City of Hope Quality of Life-Ostomy Questionnaire (C-COH). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the effect of PH on C-COH scores. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for PH development.

RESULTS:
At a median follow-up of 34 months (IQR = 21-48), 43 of 219 (19.63%) patients had developed a PH. A body mass index (BMI) indicating overweight (OR = 3.548; 95% CI, 1.562-8.061; P = .002), a prior history of hernia (OR = 5.147; 95% CI, 1.195-22.159; P = .028), and chronic high abdominal pressure postdischarge (CHAP-pd) (OR = 3.197; 95% CI, 1.445-7.075; P = .004) were predictors of PH after operation. There was no significant difference between C-COH scores of patients with or without PH. No significant differences were found when participants with PH were compared to those without PH on 4 factors of the C-COH: physical scores (β= .347, P = .110), psychological scores (β= .316, P = .070), spiritual scores (β=−.125, P = .714), and social scores (β= .054, P = .833).

CONCLUSION:
Parastomal hernia is prevalent in patients undergoing radical cystectomy and ileal conduit urinary diversion. Overweight, hernia history, and CHAP-pd were predictors of PH development. No significant differences in QOL were found when patients with PH were compared to those without PH.
Postoperative Opioid Prescribing via Rule-Based Guidelines Derived from In-Hospital Consumption: An Assessment of Efficacy Based on Postdischarge Opioid Use
Authors: Beaulieu-Jones Brendin R , Berrigan Margaret T , Marwaha Jayson S , Robinson Kortney A , Nathanson Larry A , Fleishman Aaron , Brat Gabriel A 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:Many institutions have developed operation-specific guidelines for opioid prescribing. These guidelines rarely incorporate in-hospital opioid consumption, which is highly correlated with consumption. We compare outcomes of several patient-centered approaches to prescribing that are derived from in-hospital consumption, including several experimental, rule-based prescribing guidelines and our current institutional guideline.STUDY DESIGN:We performed a retrospective, cohort study of all adults undergoing surgery at a single-academic medical center. Several rule-based guidelines, derived from in-hospital consumption (quantity of opioids consumed within 24 hours of discharge), were used to specify the theoretical quantity of opioid prescribed on discharge. The efficacy of the experimental guidelines was compared with 3 references: an approximation of our institution’s tailored prescribing guideline; prescribing all patients the typical quantity of opioids consumed for patients undergoing the same operation; and a representative rule-based, tiered framework. For each scenario, we calculated the penalized residual sum of squares (reflecting the composite deviation from actual patient consumption, with 15% penalty for overprescribing) and the proportion of opioids consumed relative to prescribed.RESULTS:A total of 1,048 patients met inclusion criteria. Mean (SD) and median (interquartile range [IQR]) quantity of opioids consumed within 24 hours of discharge were 11.2 (26.9) morphine milligram equivalents and 0 (0 to 15) morphine milligram equivalents. Median (IQR) postdischarge consumption was 16 (0 to 150) morphine milligram equivalents. Our institutional guideline and the previously validated rule-based guideline outperform alternate approaches, with median (IQR) differences in prescribed vs consumed opioids of 0 (−60 to 27.25) and 37.5 (−37.5 to 37.5), respectively, corresponding to penalized residual sum of squares of 39,817,602 and 38,336,895, respectively.CONCLUSIONS:Rather than relying on fixed quantities for defined operations, rule-based guidelines offer a simple yet effective method for tailoring opioid prescribing to in-hospital consumption.
Longitudinal Adaptive Behavioral Outcomes in Ogden Syndrome by Seizure Status and Therapeutic Intervention
Authors: Makwana Rikhil , Christ Carolina , Marchi Elaine , Harpell Randie , Lyon Gholson J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOgden syndrome, also known as NAA10-related neurodevelopmental syndrome, is a rare genetic condition associated with pathogenic variants in the NAA10 N-terminal acetylation family of proteins. The condition was initially described in 2011, and is characterized by a range of neurologic symptoms, including intellectual disability and seizures, as well as developmental delays, psychiatric symptoms, congenital heart abnormalities, hypotonia and others. Previously published articles have described the etiology and phenotype of Ogden syndrome, mostly with retrospective analyses; herein, we report prospective data concerning its progress over time. Additionally, we describe the nature of seizures in this condition in greater detail, as well as investigate how already-available non-pharmaceutical therapies impact individuals with NAA10-related neurodevelopmental syndrome. Using Vineland-3 scores, we show decline in cognitive function over time in individuals with Ogden syndrome. Sub-domain analysis found the decline to be present across all modalities. Additional investigation between seizure and non-seizure groups showed no significant difference in adaptive behavior outcomes. Therapy investigation showed speech therapy to be the most commonly used therapy by individuals with NAA10-related neurodevelopmental syndrome, followed by occupational and physical therapy. with more severely affected individuals receiving more types of therapy than their less-severe counterparts. Early intervention analysis was only significantly effective for speech therapy, with analyses of all other therapies being non-significant. Our study portrays the decline in cognitive function over time of individuals within our cohort, independent of seizure status and therapies being received, and highlights the urgent need for the development of effective treatments for Ogden syndrome.
Application of Artificial Intelligence of Machine learning in Assessing Stroke Among HIV Patients on Protease Inhibitors-ART: A Bayesian Network Approach
Authors: Chiluba Brian Chanda 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn our investigation, we aim to utilize Bayesian network models in the field of machine learning to assess the likelihood of CVD in adults who are HIV positive and receiving protease inhibitors-antiretroviral therapy (PIs-ART). It is imperative to comprehend the risk factors and prognosis of stroke in order to effectively manage individuals infected with HIV, particularly those who have not yet initiated HAART.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study investigates stroke prevalence among HIV patients on Protease Inhibitors-ART at Zambia’s Adult Infectious Disease Center from 2009 to 2019. Data from 2867 patients’ EHRs were analyzed for demographic, clinical, and mortality information. Demographic and clinical data were obtained from an anonymous electronic case system. We utilized descriptive analysis along with logistic regression and Bayesian Network Model models to elucidate the characteristics and predictors of stroke among HAART-naive PLWH.ResultsThis study analyzed data from 2867 HIV patients on Protease Inhibitors-ART to assess stroke prevalence and associated risk factors. Of the cohort, 105 individuals had stroke (prevalence: 3.7%), primarily ischemic infarction (56.2%). Most patients were aged 30-55 years (64.4%) and male (90.2%). Common comorbidities included diabetes (3.8%), hypertension (12.2%), and opportunistic infections like CMV (27.9%) and PCP (36.1%). Mortality rate was 6.6%. Bayesian network modeling predicted post-stroke outcomes, identifying age, CD4 count, lipid profile, comorbidities, and previous cardiovascular events as significant predictors. These findings highlight the complex interplay of risk factors in stroke occurrence among HIV patients on ART.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the significance of early screening for stroke, timely intervention for risk factors across various age groups, and management of CD4 count among HAART-naive PLWH in order to alleviate the burden of stroke. These insights are crucial for informing targeted interventions aimed at reducing the occurrence and mortality associated with stroke in this population.
Hypervariable DOM properties in coastal NW Mediterranean Sea -Evidences of strong human influences and potential consequences for the heterotrophic base of planktonic food webs
Authors: Dignan Clara , Lenoble Véronique , Garcia Nicole , Oursel Benjamin , Cindrić Ana-Marija , Misson Benjamin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMarine DOM plays a key role in the carbon cycle. Though there is growing interest for its chemical and ecological properties, its variability in the very heterogeneous coastal environment is poorly documented. In this study, we assessed the spatial and temporal variations in marine coastal DOM chemical properties and its potential to support the growth of the heterotrophic basis of the planktonic food-web. For that, we considered two NW Mediterranean coastal sampling stations under contrasted continental and human influences. From January to July 2022, DOC concentration demonstrated a progressive increasing trend in addition to marked spatial differences. DOM composition presented more variations in time than in space. These variations appeared related to a combination of direct freshwater inputs tracked by salinity variations, direct human contaminations tracked by concentrations in Cu and Pb, and phytoplanktonic production. An experimental approach was also used at each sampling date to evaluate DOM ability to support the growth of heterotrophic prokaryotes. Significantly higher growth was observed with DOM from a site under higher continental and human influences. Water temperature exerted a higher control on growth than DOM properties. Correlation analysis with DOM sources suggested the uncoupling of phytoplanktonic production and growth of heterotrophic prokaryotes, which appeared better supported by human contaminations and, to a lesser extent, freshwater inputs. Sediment resuspension in harbors and antifouling paints could represent two important sources of bioavailable resources, favoring fast heterotrophic growth and higher net production, respectively.
A torpor-like state (TLS) in mice slows blood epigenetic aging and prolongs healthspan
Authors: Jayne Lorna , Lavin-Peter Aurora , Roessler Julian , Tyshkovskiy Alexander , Antoszewski Mateusz , Ren Erika , Markovski Aleksandar , Sun Senmiao , Yao Hanqi , Sankaran Vijay G. , Gladyshev Vadim N. , Brooke Robert T. , Horvath Steve , Griffith Eric C. , Hrvatin Sinisa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTorpor and hibernation are extreme physiological adaptations of homeotherms associated with pro-longevity effects. Yet the underlying mechanisms of how torpor affects aging, and whether hypothermic and hypometabolic states can be induced to slow aging and increase health span, remain unknown. We demonstrate that the activity of a spatially defined neuronal population in the avMLPA, which has previously been identified as a torpor-regulating brain region, is sufficient to induce a torpor like state (TLS) in mice. Prolonged induction of TLS slows epigenetic aging across multiple tissues and improves health span. We isolate the effects of decreased metabolic rate, long-term caloric restriction, and decreased core body temperature (Tb) on blood epigenetic aging and find that the pro-longevity effect of torpor-like states is mediated by decreased Tb. Taken together, our findings provide novel mechanistic insight into the pro-longevity effects of torpor and hibernation and support the growing body of evidence that Tbis an important mediator of aging processes.
Design, synthesis and pharmacological characterization of the first photoswitchable small-molecule agonist for the Atypical Chemokine Receptor 3
Authors: Bérenger Sophie , Adamska Justyna M. , Deflorian Francesca , de Graaf Chris , Palmer Christie B. , Szpakowska Martyna , Chevigné Andy , de Esch Iwan J. P. , Zarzycka Barbara , Vischer Henry F. , Wijtmans Maikel , Leurs Rob 
Published: March 2024

1.AbstractPhotopharmacology offers the promise of optical modulation of cellular signaling in a spatially and temporally controlled fashion with light-sensitive molecules. This study presents the first small-molecule photoswitchable agonist for an atypical G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), the atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3). Inspired by a known benzylpiperidine-based ACKR3 agonist scaffold, 12 photoswitchable azobenzene-containing analogs were synthesized and characterized for their interaction with ACKR3. After analysis of Structure-Photochemistry and Structure-Affinity Relationships (SAR), compound3ewas selected as the best photoswitchable ACKR3 agonist in the series. Compound3ecan be effectively switched from its thermodynamically stabletransstate to the less activecis-isomer with a PhotoStationary State of 96 %. The thermodynamically less stablecis-3eonly slowly switches back to thetransstate (t1/2,37 °C= 15 days), andtrans-3ebinds and activates ACKR3 at 10-fold lower concentrations compared to itscis-isomer. Compound3edemonstrates selectivity for ACKR3 within in a panel of chemokine receptors. Using the recently published ACKR3 cryo-EM structures in computational studies, a binding mode fortrans-3eis proposed and is perfectly in line with the observed SAR and the loss of interaction with ACKR3 upon photoswitching. ACKR3 agonist3e(VUF25471) is the first photoswitchable ligand for an atypical GPCR and will be a useful tool to investigate the role of ACKR3 in biological settings.