bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell‐mediated immune response in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Authors: Abe Tohru , Hara Masako , Yamasaki Kuniomi , Homma Mitsuo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCell‐mediated immunity in 29 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus was assayed by macrophage inhibitory test (MI‐test) using native DNA as an antigen. The mean percentage migration in SLE and normal control was 77.8 and 98.1%. The percentage migration below 84.3% was considered to be a positive MI‐test. Patients with SLE possessed cellular hypersensitivity to native DNA; positive MI‐tests seemed to be present more often when the disease was clinically active. Percentage migration did not correlate with the presence of ANA and anti‐DNA antibody. It is of note that lymphocytes from patients with negative ANA produced migration inhibitory factor in response to native DNA. The higher incidence of positive MI‐tests in patients with nephrotic syndrome is impressive. The role of the presence of DNA‐sensitized lymphocytes to the perpetuation of renal lesion in nephrotic syndrome is discussed.
Pathogenesis of autoimmunity in New Zealand mice V. Loss of thymic suppressor function
Authors: Steinberg Alfred D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecent studies support the concept of thymic regulatory or suppressor function. Such regulatory function appears to be present in the first month of life in NZB and NZB/W mice, but is rapidly lost with age. Evidence is presented to support the hypothesis that loss of suppressor function may play an important pathogenetic role in the development of autoimmunity.
Enzyme release from human leukocytes and degradation of cartilage matrix effects of antirheumatic drugs
Authors: Perper R. J. , Oronsky A. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractVarious antirheumatic drugs were tested in a newly described model of cartilage degradation‐induced by the nonphagocytic release of neutral protease from viable human leukocytes in the presence of aggregated human IgG. Steroidal and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs inhibited the enzyme release process but not neutral protease activity, whereas gold and chloroquine inhibited the enzyme activity without affecting the release process. Several other drugs, known not to have antiinflammatory activity, were inactive. Neutral protease appears to be preformed in neutrophils and not induced by de novo synthesis during phagocytosis. The concentrations at which the antirheumatic drugs were active in vitro correlated with blood levels usually achieved in man. It is suggested that the activity of compounds in the model system described might predict their effect in vivo in rheumatoid arthritis.
Gold concentrations in hair, nail, and skin during chrysotherapy
Authors: Gottlieb Norman L. , Smith Patricia M. , Penneys Neal S. , Smith Edward M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSerial hair and nail specimens were obtained from 18 patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving chrysotherapy. Punch biopsies of skin lesions and normal‐appearing skin from 4 other patients with gold dermatitis, and serial skin biopsies from 4 additional patients were obtained at intervals during chrysotherapy. Gold content was measured in these samples using neutron activation analysis. Small quantities of gold were found in hair (mean = 0.30 μg/g), nail (mean = 0.17 μg/g), and skin (mean = 0.03 μg/g) prior to chrysotherapy, with two‐ to fivefold increases after 3–12 months of treatment. Compared to those from patients who did not develop gold toxicity, gold concentrations in all three tissues were similar in patients who developed gold toxicity. Gold levels were identical in skin lesions and normal‐appearing skin of patients with gold dermatitis. These findings indicate that gold has little affinity for keratinous tissues, and that determination of gold content in these tissues is not helpful in differentiating gold‐toxic from nontoxic patients.
Serum DNA binding activity in healthy subjects and in rheumatic disease
Authors: Hasselbacher Peter , LeRoy E. Carwile 
Published: February 2007

AbstractModifications of the Farr ammonium sulfate precipitation assay for DNA antibodies have increased sensitivity and led to the detection of DNA binding in the sera of healthy subjects and subjects with rheumatic disease other than systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The presence of binding in immunochemically pure IgG and the pattern of inhibition by native and denatured DNA support the thesis that DNA binding of normal, non‐SLE, and SLE sera is antibody and similar in kind although not in degree. The presence of antibodies to DNA in normal and non‐SLE sera may limit the qualitative role of these antibodies in SLE and render DNA antibodies similar to antiglobulin and other antinuclear antibodies in rheumatic disease.
Variability of proximal interphalangeal joint size measurements in normal adults
Authors: Heyman Eugene R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA study to determine the variability of PIP joint size measurements was performed among 24 normal adults. Joint size measurements were shown to be reproducible to within 2 mm, irrespective of the times at which they are taken. Size of the joint, age, sex, and menses had no significant effect upon the magnitude in which the PIP joints varied. A diurnal and a cyclic pattern was observed among all PIP joint sizes.
Urate crystal arthritis in animals lacking hageman factor
Authors: Spilberg Isaias 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAlthough chickens lack Hageman factor, they respond to the intraarticular injection of urate crystals with an acute synovitis, indicating that this factor is not required for the development of an inflammatory reaction. Despite the acute inflammatory response elicited by the crystals, no ornithokinin activity was detected in the synovial fluid of the chickens, indicating that the kinin‐kallikrein system does not play a major role in the urate‐induced inflammatory response in this model.
Pets and rheumatoid arthritis an epidemiologic survey
Authors: Gottlieb Norman L. , Ditchek Norman , Poiley Jeffrey , Kiem Iris M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe prevalence of pets in households of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is compared to arthritic (non‐RA) and nonarthritic control patients in this epidemiologic survey. During the 5‐year period prior to diseaseonset RA patients had greater exposure to dogs, cats, or birds (combined), dogs, and sick animals than control patients. This finding raises the possibility that pets might serve as a reservoir for an infectious agent(s) capable of initiating RA.
Histocompatibility (HL‐A) antigens and lymphocytotoxic antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Authors: Nies Kenneth M. , Brown John C. , Dubois Edmund L. , Quismorio Francisco P. , Friou George J. , Terasaki Paul I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractComparison was made of HL‐A phenotypes in 122 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 1289 ethnically matched controls. The only significant association was between the HL‐A antigen HL‐A5 and the presence of SLE in Black Americans. A similar trend in 40 Caucasian patients did not reach a level of statistical significance. No significant association was present between any HL‐A antigen and clinical or laboratory manifestations of the disease. Lymphocytotoxic antibodies were present in 36% of the patients and correlated with the presence of low total hemolytic complement and leukopenia.
Experimental gouty synovitis caused by bacterial endotoxin adsorbed onto urate crystals
Authors: van Arman C. G. , Carlson R. P. , Kling P. J. , Allen D. J. , Bondi J. V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe used a laboratory model of gouty synovitis giving quantitative dose‐dependent results with urate injection intrasynovially into the knee joint of dogs. We found that when precautions were taken to prevent any possible endotoxin contamination of the urate crystals, they became significantly less active. Endotoxin by itself, from Escherichia coli, was very potent in causing pain and leukocytic infiltration into the knee joint. Such endotoxin was readily and firmly adsorbed onto urate crystals. A small dose of urate crystals that caused no pain by itself became very painful when the crystals were allowed to adsorb endotoxin in vitro. When this same small non‐painful dose of urate crystals was given into the joint, and the dog also received endotoxin by the oral route, signs of pain arose very clearly. It is known that gouty patients even when in remission may have crystals of sodium urate in the synovial fluid. It would therefore appear possible that if such urate crystals were to adsorb an endotoxin passing from the gastrointestinal tract into the plasma, thence into the synovial space, the patients may develop an attack of gout.
Unusual connective tissue manifestations of hemochromatosis
Authors: Angevine C. Douglas , Jacox Ralph F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPresented are 7 cases of idiopathic hemochromatosis with arthritis. Two of the patients had connective tissue manifestations, which have not been reported previously. All patients received extensive phlebotomy therapy but only 1 has noted improvement of the arthropathy.
Asymptomatic spondylodiscitis an unusual feature of ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Little Hugh , Urowitz Murray B. , Smythe Hugh A. , Rosen Phillip S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSix patients with ankylosing spondylitis were found to have asymptomatic spondylodiscitis. They have been followed for a mean of 17 years and have been free of symptoms or complications from this lesion. This benign asymptomatic course has not been stressed by previous authors.
Adenovirus arthritis
Authors: Panush Richard S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA patient with adenovirus infection and synovitis is described. He presented with fever, acute respiratory disease, macular erythematous rash, aseptic meningitis and inflammatory arthritis of both knees. All symptoms resolved completely over a 3‐week period. Acute and convalescent sera revealed a significant rise in antibodies to adenovirus type 7. The patient's serum C3 was elevated and serum C4 relatively depressed during the onset of symptoms; both values returned towards normal with recovery.
Experimental arthritis produced by injection of mediators of delayed hypersensitivity
Authors: Andreis Mario , Stastny Peter , Ziff Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractArthritis was produced in the rabbit by intraarticular injection of a preparation of mediators of cellular immunity (lymphokines) obtained from KLH‐sensitized lymphocytes. Following three injections, a chronic synovitis developed characterized by synovial effusion, hyperplasia of the lining layer and infiltration of the sublining layer with histiocytes and fibroblasts. These findings indicate that mediators of cellular immunity may produce a chronic synovitis when injected into the normal joint. They also demonstrate a mechanism whereby the cellular immune response may produce synovial inflammation.
Cellular immunity in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Senyk George , Hadley W. Keith , Attias Moises R. , Talal Norman 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCellular immunity of 16 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as measured by the ability of their lymphocytes to proliferate in vitro following stimulation with mitogens and bacterial antigens, and by the ability of their polymorphonuclear neutrophils to reduce nitrobluetetrazolium dye, both spontaneously and upon stimulation, was found to be unimpaired by comparison with cells of 12 normal individuals. The relative frequency of responders to stimulation with human collagen and with several nuclear antigens, used over a wide range of concentrations and evaluated as a group, was significantly higher among patients with SLE. Antinuclear antibodies specific for DNA, RNA, or both, were found in all patients with SLE, but did not reflect the pattern of sensitization of lymphocytes to these antigens as measured by lymphocyte transformation.
Effects of cold and heat on urate crystal‐induced synovitis in the dog
Authors: Dorwart Bonnie B. , Hansell John R. , Schumacher H. Ralph 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLocal cooling decreased, while heating increased, the acute inflammation produced by a single injection of urate crystals into dog knees. Synovial fluid leukocyte counts and volume, polymorphonuclear infiltration of synovial membrane, and 133Xe clearance were decreased by cold, and increased by heat. There was good correlation between altered inflammation and vascular changes, but not with enzyme levels, cell death, or leukocyte structural changes. Chronic synovitis from repeated crystal injections was not altered by cold or heat.
Interferon production by lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Alarcon‐Segovia Donato , Ruiz‐Gomez Juan , Fishbei Eugenia , Bustamante Marfa Elena 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInterferon produced by lymphocytes from 23 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus was assayed and compared with that of 14 normal controls. No significant difference was found between lupus patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and controls nor did titers of interferon correlate with disease activity, immunoglobulin or C3 levels, presence of antinuclear antibodies, rheumatoid factor, or hepatitis B antigenemia. Presence of probable viral particles and of increased viral antibody titers in patients with lupus erythematosus cannot be explained by a decreased production of interferon by their lymphocytes.
Tubuloreticular structures within labial salivary glands in sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Daniels Troy E. , Sylvester Robert A. , Silverman Sol , Polando Vibeke , Talal Norman 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTubuloreticular structures were found in endothelial cells of biopsies from labial salivary glands of 6 of 20 patients with Sjögren's syndrome, and were absent in 11 control patients. Patients with these structures had evidence of severe disease as manifested by xerostomia, lymphoid infiltrates in the salivary glands, hypergammaglobulinemia, and auto‐antibodies. The nature of these inclusions remains controversial.
Pathogenicity of stable L‐phase variants of staphylococcus aureus reaction of rabbit synovium to intraarticular inoculation
Authors: Linnemann Calvin C. , Watanakunakorn Chatrchai , Bakie Cheryl 
Published: February 2007

AbstractStable L‐phase variants of Staphylococcus aureus were injected into the knee joints of rabbits. The recovery of organisms at various intervals was attempted and the reaction of the synovium studied. Although what appeared to be L‐phase variants could be seen within polymorphonu‐clear leukocytes in the synovial fluid at 48 hours, they did not grow in culture. At 1 week, there was a mild synovitis characterized by both acute and chronic inflammatory changes which was diminished at 2 weeks and resolved by 5 weeks. Joints injected with L‐phase variants and sterile media differed only in the degree of change. Following multiple injections a more diffuse chronic synovitis was present, and in 1 experimental animal rheumatoid‐like changes were seen. L‐phase variants could not be recovered from cultures of the synovial fluid or the synovial tissue.
Clinical features and serologic abnormalities in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Rudnicki Robert D. , Ruderman Mark , Scull Edward , Goldenberg Arnold , Rothfield Naomi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis were studied with respect to clinical features at onset, type of disease progression, and immunologic abnormalities. Irrespective of pattern of onset, most patients eventually developed polyarticular disease. Monarticular disease was more common in children under the age of 5. A higher incidence of positive latex fixation tests and antinuclear antibodies were found in patients with active disease. Whereas the monarticular disease in males often became polyarticular, that in females remained monarticular. Females had a significanty higher incidence of antinuclear antibodies, greater variation in serum complement levels, and increased serum levels of IgA and IgM. Males with active disease had a significantly greater incidence of elevated serum lgG than did females with comparable disease activity.
Periosteal new bone formation in polyarteritis nodosa. A syndrome involving the lower extremities
Authors: Woodward Anthony H. , Andreini Paul H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree patients with polyarteritis nodosa associated with periosteal new bone formation in the lower extremities are described. Seven cases with many similar features have been collected from the literature. Pain, swelling, and skin changes in the lower extremity with periosteal reaction seem to characterize one of the syndromes found in polyarteritis nodosa.
Role of early synovectomy of the knee joint in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Ranawat Chitranjan S. , Desai Kamlesh 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe prospective study of 32 knees in 26 patients with rheumatoid arthritis was carried out with an average followup of 3 years. Relief of pain and control of inflammation locally were obtained in 22 of 32 knees (69%). Articular cartilage was preserved in 20 of 28 knees (71%) and the synovitis recurred in 9 knees (28%), 7 of which showed progressive loss of cartilage. Therefore, it appears that synovectomy, if performed at a stage in which articular cartilage is still normal and after medical therapy has failed, is a very effective method for preserving articular cartilage and controlling inflammation locally. However, with a longer followup the disease with loss of articular cartilage will recur in a large number of cases. In patients whose disease progresses rapidly, no form of therapy effectively controls joint destruction.
Current concepts of the mechanism of acute inflammation in gouty arthritis
Authors: Spilberg Isaias 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe acute gouty attack develops after free crystalline monosodium urate crystals appear in the joint cavity (1). Recent developments in the investigation of urate crystal‐induced inflammation have led to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of acute gouty arthritis. The purpose of this review is to summarize present concepts concerning the mechanism of the acute gouty attack.
Influence of cyclophosphamide and other immunosuppressive drugs on immune disorders and neoplasia in NZB/NZW MICE
Authors: Hahn Bevra H. , Knotts Linda , Ng Mary , Hamilton Tom R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNZB/NZW mice were treated with various immunosuppressive drugs used in human SLE. Cyclophosphamide (5 mg/kg 6 days out of 7), alone or with prednisolone, was better than azathioprine, prednisolone, or azathioprine‐plus‐prednisolone, in prolonging survival and/or reducing proteinuria, Coomb's antibodies, antinuclear antibodies, and glomerular deposits of γ‐globulin. Intermittent bolus therapy with cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg/10 days) was as effective as daily therapy. However, 61% of the mice receiving any cyclophosphamide regimen developed malignant tumors compared to none in the other groups.
Antilymphocyte antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Messner Ronald P. , Kennedy Michael S. , Jelinek Joan G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntilymphocyte antibodies in SLE bind to normal lymphocytes and are not always associated with lymphocytotoxic activity. Detection of these antibodies on the surface of normal lymphocytes by immuno‐fluorescent techniques is enhanced by short incubation periods, reduced temperature, and metabolic inhibition. The same effects occur in SLE blood and May‐June influence the enumeration of B lymphocytes as determined by surface immunoglobulin. The percent of T lymphocytes forming sheep erythrocyte rosettes is not affected by these antibodies.
Immunoglobulin synthesis by peripheral blood cells in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Jasin Hugo E. , Ziff Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA study of the immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis by peripheral blood cells of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, and controls was carried out. Synthesis was markedly elevated in patients with active SLE, whereas patients with inactive SLE or RA showed normal values. Treatment of 3 patients with active SLE resulted in a reduction of Ig synthesis that correlated well with the disappearance of disease activity. These results indicate that the abnormal immune process in active SLE, characterized by intense B‐lymphocyte stimulation, is associated with the appearance of more highly differentiated B cells in the blood.
DNA polymerase activity of cultured rheumatoid synovial cells
Authors: Spruance Spotswood L. , Richards Oliver C. , Smith Charles B. , Ward John R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCultured synovial cells from 8 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 7 subjects without joint disease were assayed and compared for RNA‐directed and DNA‐directed DNA polymerase activity. No activity was found in either RA or control specimens using a synthetic RNA template that specifically detects oncornavirus RNA‐directed DNA polymerase. The DNA‐directed DNA polymerase activity of RA specimens was increased (P <0.10) in the high‐speed pellet fraction of cell lysates. The possible relationship of these finding to virus infection in RA is discussed.
Lymphokines in the rheumatoid joint
Authors: Stastny Peter , Rosenthal Moshe , Andreis Mario , Ziff Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractJoint fluids and culture supernatants of synovial tissue were examined for the presence of two lymphokines. Migration inhibitory activity was found in 16 of 22 rheumatoid fluids (73%), in 3 of 15 osteoarthritis fluids (20%), and in 3 of 11 fluids from patients with various inflammatory arthritides (27%). Blastogenic activity was present in 14 of 15 rheumatoid fluids and in 1 of 7 nonrheumatoid effusions. The active materials eluted with the third peak from Sephadex G‐200 and were therefore smaller than immunoglobulin or immune complexes. These findings suggest that lymphokine‐like substances were present in effusions and synovial tissue of most patients with rheumatoid arthritis and some patients with other forms of chronic synovitis.
“A” protein of amyloidosis isolation of a cross‐reacting component from serum by affinity chromatography
Authors: Benson Merrill D. , Skinner Martha , Lian Jane , Cohen Alan S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA nonimmunoglobulin protein (A protein) has been isolated from amyloidotic tissue of secondary type. Antisera prepared to this protein identified a cross‐reacting substance in the sera of patients with secondary amyloidosis. Sera from 70 persons with amyloidosis, 120 normal adults, 20 aged persons, and 97 patients with chronic diseases were tested for this substance. One hundred percent of secondary amyloid sera had amounts of amyloid serum component detectable by double diffusion in agar, whereas only 19% of primary amyloid sera were positive. Approximately 60% of rheumatoid sera as well as 60% of sera from aged individuals were positive. Only 3% of normal blood donors had detectable amounts of this circulating substance. Isolation of the serum component by affinity chromatography and partial characterization have shown that it is an α‐globulin with a molecular weight of 100,000–120,000, that it is not related antigenically to immunoglobulin or amyloid P‐component, and that it has an amino acid analysis that is markedly different from tissue A protein. The possible participation of this substance in the genesis of amyloid is discussed.
Studies on the infectious etiology of human rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Cole B. C. , Taylor M. B. , Ward J. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA total of 29 rheumatoid patients and 19 non‐rheumatoid patients were tested for evidence of present or past infection by M pneumoniae, M hominis, M fermentans, M arthritidis, M pulmonis, and M hyorhinis. The techniques of lymphocyte transformation, metabolic‐inhibiting antibody test, and mycoplasmacidal antibody test indicated no significant difference in the response of rheumatoid as opposed to non‐rheumatoid patients.