bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reticulated platelets in uremic patients: Effect of hemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Tassies Dolors , Reverter Joan‐Carles , Cases Aleix , Escolar Ginés , Villamor Neus , López‐Pedret José , Castillo Ricardo , Ordinas Antoni 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPlatelet RNA content can be detected by flow cytometry using thiazole orange staining to identify platelets recently released into the circulation. We studied platelet RNA content and platelet function in uremic patients under different treatment regimens. Four groups were studied: (I) 15 end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) patients (10M/5F) on maintenance hemodialysis (HD); (II) 11 ESRD patients (6M/5F) on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD); (III) 8 patients with chronic renal failure managed conservatively (5M/3F); and (IV) 34 controls (20M/14F). A double color labeling technique using a phycoerythrin‐tagged antibody against glycoprotein lb (CD42b) and RNA labeling by thiazole orange was performed and read by flow cytometry. Aggregation studies were made in platelet‐rich plasma using ADP, epinephrine, collagen, arachidonic acid, and ristocetin. In group I, samples were also obtained after HD. Platelet counts did not differ among the groups. Aggregation studies showed a lower response to ADP and ristocetin in the HD patients, but not in the CAPD or in the chronic renal failure patients. The percentage of platelets with high RNA content in group I was significantly lower than in controls (3.72 ± 1.72% vs. 9.05 ± 3.53%, P < 0.01), but was also lower than in the remaining groups (I vs. II P < 0.01, and I vs. III P < 0.01). No differences were seen in platelet RNA content among groups II (8.67 ± 2.73%), III (9.14 ± 3.04%) and IV. In group I, the percentage of reticulated platelets decreased further after HD (2.14 ± 1.09%, P < 0.01). Aggregation studies showed a significantly lower response to ADP and ristocetin in group I (P < 0.05), but not in groups II or III in comparison with controls. Aggregation response to ADP and ristocetin decreased after HD (P < 0.05). In conclusion, HD may decrease the percentage of RNA‐rich platelets through elimination of the younger and more active platelets and worsen the thrombopathy present in uremic patients.
Monoclonal antibodies in the management of acute leukemia
Authors: Wang Jean C. Y. , Beauregard Patrice , Soamboonsrup Praniti , Neame Peter B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis report reviews the diagnostic significance of immune markers, their relationship to patient outcome, and the therapeutic uses of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) in acute leukemia. Immunophenotyping allows for rapid and reproducible diagnosis in the majority of cases of acute leukemia. It is of particular importance in recognizing the major immunologic subclasses of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and in identifying subtypes of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) which cannot be differentiated by morphology and cytochemistry alone, such as FAB M0 or M7. Immune marker analysis has been used to detect minimal residual disease in patients' bone marrow and CSF after treatment. However, the presence of leukemia‐associated phenotypes on small numbers of normal ceils may reduce the sensitivity of detection in some cases. The prognostic value of immune markers in AML is limited. In ALL, the prognostic significance of the different immunophenotypic subtypes has been lessened by modern treatment protocols. The relationship of mixed‐lineage or biphenotypic antigen expression to patient outcome in both AML and ALL is unclear. Therapeutic applications of MoAbs in acute leukemia include immunologic techniques for purging malignant cells from autografts prior to transplantation, T‐lymphocyte depletion from allografts as a strategy to reduce graft‐versus‐host disease, and the use of flow cytometry to monitor the timing and extent of leukapheresis in peripheral stem cell transplantation. MoAbs have also enabled the recent development of transplantation protocols using positively‐selected CD34 + stem cells.
Dysfibrinogenemia: A case with thrombosis (fibrinogen richfield) and an overview of the clinical and laboratory spectrum
Authors: Schorer Anna E. , Singh Jasbir , Basara Michael L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFibrinogen Richfield exemplifies a dysfibrinogen associated with a life‐long thrombotic tendency. The evaluation of this novel case indicates that, like similar thrombotic dysfibrinogenemias, the abnormal protein polymerizes abnormally and demonstrates impaired clot dissolution. A survey of other cases of dysfibrinogenemia indicates that the relatively common abnormalities of Fibrinopeptide A release are generally asymptomatic or associated with bleeding, polymerization abnormalities are likely to be asymptomatic or associated with thrombosis (or occasionally bleeding), and complex abnormalities or additional, independent hemostatic defects are rather common. Thrombin and Reptilase clotting times are not helpful in distinguishing between the subsets, but clinical history, fibrinopeptide release, and polymerization studies may be useful. Abnormalities of fibrinogen function tend to correlate with changes in molecular domains related to binding and hydrolysis.
Hemostatic abnormalities and increased vascular endothelial cell markers in patients with red cell fragmentation syndrome induced by mitomycin C
Authors: Nagaya Shozaburo , Wada Hideo , Oka Kouzi , Tanigawa Motoaki , Tamaki Shigehisa , Tsuzi Kouta , Miyanishi Eiki , Wakita Yoshihiro , Minami Nobuyuki , Deguchi Katsumi , Suzuki Kozi , Nakano Takeshi , Shiku Hiroshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe examined red cell fragmentation syndrome (RCFS) induced by mitomycin C (MMC) (13 patients), by thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) (17 patients), and by disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (15 patients). Plasma cytokine levels were increased in the TTP and DIC patients, but not in those whose RCFS was induced by MMC, suggesting that the activation of the immune system plays an important role in the pathogenesis of RCFS due to TTP and DIC but did not in RCFS due to MMC. Plasma thrombomodulin, tissue type plasminogen activator, and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐I levels were increased in all RCFS patients, suggesting that RCFS, whether MMC induced, or due to TTP or DIC, might be associated with vascular endothelial cell injury. In TTP, von Willebrand factor (vWF) antigen and high molecular weight vWF multimer levels were reduced, possibly as a result of microthrombus consumption. The hemostatic data in this study showed that the TTP patients were in a hypercoagulable state without hyperfibrinolysis, and that DIC patients were in both a hypercoagulable and a hyperfibrinolytic state, whereas hemostatic abnormalities were slight in patients with MMC induced RCFS. These findings suggest that vascular endothelial cell injuries might be associated with RCFS, and that those injuries in MMC‐induced RCFS might not be related to microthrombi or an activated immune system.
Phenotypic and functional analysis of lymphocytes in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Authors: Tseng Jennifer E. , Hall Sharon E. , Howard Thad A. , Ware Russell E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe hematologic disorder paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) arises from a somatic mutation within the Piga gene important for the biosynthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors. The PNH defect has been identified in all cells of the myeloerythroid lineage, but involvement of the lymphoid lineage in PNH is more controversial. We therefore analyzed lymphocytes from 22 patients with PNH to characterize phenotypically the GPI‐deficient population, and to investigate the functional consequences of GPI deficiency. GPI‐deficient T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and NK cells were identified, but at a lower percentage than granulocytes and erythrocytes. CD8+ lymphocytes were significantly more affected than CD4+ T cells, and CD45RA+ lymphocytes were significantly more affected than CD45RO+ cells. Proliferation assays demonstrated that lymphocytes from PNH patients, either unfractionated or purified GPI‐deficient cells, responded normally to in vitro stimuli. When stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), naive CD45RA+ GPI‐deficient T lymphocytes acquired the memory CD45RO+ phenotype. In addition, GPI‐deficient T lymphocytes had a relative growth advantage as compared to normal T cells. The results demonstrate that PNH involves the lymphoid as well as the myeloerythroid lineage, and therefore arises from a totipotent bone marrow stem cell. The in vitro growth advantage of GPI‐deficient lymphocytes in PNH may have important implications for the pathogenesis of some puzzling clinical aspects of PNH, including predominance of the PNH clone, defective hematopoiesis, and leukemogenesis.
Treatment of chronic neutropenia associated with large granular lymphocytosis with cyclosporine a and filgrastim
Authors: Jakubowski Ann , Winton Elliott F. , Gencarelli Alison , Gabrilove Janice 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA patient with neutropenia and life‐threatening infections secondary to T‐γ lymphoproliferative disease, who did not respond to treatment with recombinant human G‐CSF (filgrastim), was treated with filgrastim plus cyclosporine A (CyA). The patient achieved a good response in the absolute neutrophil count and subsequently required a dose reduction in the filgrastim. The patient was eventually discontinued from the CyA but continues on filgrastim alone. While on therapy, the large granular lymphocytes disappeared from the circulation and the beta‐TCR rearrangement, which was present prior to beginning therapy, became undetectable. The patient had no significant toxicity to the CyA or the filgrastim and he has not experienced any serious infections or required hospitalization. Filgrastim has proven to be relatively nontoxic and of some benefit to patients with this disease and should probably be utilized first when treatment is necessary. However, if improvement is not observed, these findings suggest that a trial of the combination of CyA plus filgrastim may be beneficial.
Improved survival of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation
Authors: Moreb Jan , Johnson Thomas , Kubilis Paul , Myers Lesley , Oblon David , Miller Alan , Elfenbein Gerald , Weiner Roy 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA total of 28 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in chronic phase (CP) received bone marrow allografts from HLA‐matched siblings at the University of Florida between August 1984‐July 1992. The present study compares the disease‐free survival (DFS) for those patients who were transplanted before or after August 1988 using the same conditioning regimen. The analysis shows significant difference in 3‐year DFS for those patients transplanted post‐ vs. pre‐August 1988 (69.6% vs. 20%, respectively; P = 0.006). A decrease in pneumonitis due to different etiologies from pre‐August 1988 (6/13, 46%) to post‐August 1988 (1/15, 7%) was statistically significant (P = 0.029). A decrease, although statistically insignificant, in the overall incidence and severity of acute and chronic graft vs. host disease (GVHD) after August 1988 was also noticed. This study indicates significantly improved outcome for patients with CML in CP who have been treated in the University of Florida after August 1988. Better supportive care and prophylaxis for GVHD most likely contributed to such improvement.
From new screens to discovered genes: The successful past and promising present of single gene disorders
Authors: Roe Anne Marie , Shur Natasha 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrenatal screening for single gene disorders, which include over 10,000 diverse diseases, presents a great challenge. The major approach to identifying high‐risk groups for diseases, from Tay Sachs Disease to sickle cell disease, has historically centered on ethnic‐based screening. A major concern in an ethnic‐based approach is that carriers belonging to less‐traditionally considered populations will be missed. In the United States, the paradigm for a more modern pan‐ethnic approach has become exemplified by cystic fibrosis (CF), although considerable debate about future directions remains. CF screening brings several additional issues to the forefront, including that the largest molecular prenatal genetic screening program is based on a single gene disorder that is not necessarily severely disabling. On the other hand, several devastating disorders where screening is indeed available remain relatively inaccessible to prenatal patients in the general population. Future candidates to consider for broad‐based screening programs include spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), fragile X, and inborn errors of metabolism. As prenatal screening for single gene disorders expands, issues to consider include inclusion criteria and risk versus benefit. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
DNA single‐strand break repair is impaired in aprataxin‐related ataxia
Authors: Hirano Makito , Yamamoto Aya , Mori Toshio , Lan Li , Iwamoto Taka‐Aki , Aoki Masashi , Shimada Keiji , Furiya Yoshiko , Kariya Shingo , Asai Hirohide , Yasui Akira , Nishiwaki Tomohisa , Imoto Kyoko , Kobayashi Nobuhiko , Kiriyama Takao , Nagata Tetsuya , Konishi Noboru , Itoyama Yasuto , Ueno Satoshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveEarly‐onset ataxia with ocular motor apraxia and hypoalbuminemia (EAOH)/ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 1 (AOA1) is an autosomal recessive form of cerebellar ataxia. The causative protein for EAOH/AOA1, aprataxin (APTX), interacts with X‐ray repair cross‐complementing 1 (XRCC1), a scaffold DNA repair protein for single‐strand breaks (SSBs). The goal of this study was to prove the functional involvement of APTX in SSB repair (SSBR).MethodsWe visualized the SSBR process with a recently developed laser irradiation system that allows real‐time observation of SSBR proteins and with a local ultraviolet‐irradiation system using a XPA‐UVDE cell line that repairs DNA lesions exclusively via SSBR. APTX was knocked down using small interference RNA in the cells. Oxidative stress–induced DNA damage and cell death were assessed in EAOH fibroblasts and cerebellum.ResultsOur systems showed the XRCC1‐dependent recruitment of APTX to SSBs. SSBR was impaired in APTX‐knocked‐down cells. Oxidative stress in EAOH fibroblasts readily induced SSBs and cell death, which were blocked by antioxidants. Accumulated oxidative DNA damage was confirmed in EAOH cerebellum.InterpretationThis study provides the first direct evidence for the functional involvement of APTX in SSBR and in vivo DNA damage in EAOH/AOA1, and suggests a benefit of antioxidant treatment. Ann Neurol 2007;61:162–174
Model of infantile spasms induced by N‐methyl‐D‐aspartic acid in prenatally impaired brain
Authors: Velíšek Libor , Jehle Kamran , Asche Samantha , Velíšková Jana 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveInfantile spasms (a catastrophic epileptic syndrome of childhood) are insensitive to classic antiepileptic drugs. New therapies are limited by lack of animal models. Here we develop a new model of flexion spasms based on prenatal exposure to betamethasone combined with postnatal administration of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartic acid (NMDA) and determine brain structures involved in the induction of flexion spasms.MethodsPregnant rats received two doses of betamethasone on day 15 of gestation. Offspring was injected with NMDA on postnatal day 15. Effects of adrenocorticotropin therapy on the development of age‐specific flexion spasms were determined and electroencephalographic correlates recorded. C‐fos immunohistochemistry and [14C]2‐deoxyglucose imaging identified brain structures involved in the development of flexion spasms.ResultsPrenatal betamethasone exposure sensitizes rats to development of NMDA‐induced spasms and, most importantly, renders the spasms sensitive to adrenocorticotropin therapy. Ictal electroencephalogram results correspond to human infantile spasms: electrodecrement or afterdischarges were observed. Imaging studies defined three principal regions involved in NMDA spasms: limbic areas (except the dorsal hippocampus), hypothalamus, and the brainstem.InterpretationDespite certain limitations, our new model correlates well with current infantile spasm hypotheses and opens an opportunity for development and testing of new effective drugs. Ann Neurol 2007;61:109–119
Automated criminal link analysis based on domain knowledge
Authors: Schroeder Jennifer , Xu Jennifer , Chen Hsinchun , Chau Michael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLink (association) analysis has been used in the criminal justice domain to search large datasets for associations between crime entities in order to facilitate crime investigations. However, link analysis still faces many challenging problems, such as information overload, high search complexity, and heavy reliance on domain knowledge. To address these challenges, this article proposes several techniques for automated, effective, and efficient link analysis. These techniques include the co‐occurrence analysis, the shortest path algorithm, and a heuristic approach to identifying associations and determining their importance. We developed a prototype system called CrimeLink Explorer based on the proposed techniques. Results of a user study with 10 crime investigators from the Tucson Police Department showed that our system could help subjects conduct link analysis more efficiently than traditional single‐level link analysis tools. Moreover, subjects believed that association paths found based on the heuristic approach were more accurate than those found based solely on the co‐occurrence analysis and that the automated link analysis system would be of great help in crime investigations.
Effects of morin on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide in rats
Authors: Li Xiuguo , Yun Jae‐Kyung , Choi Jun‐Shik 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of orally administered morin, an inhibitor of CYP isozyme and P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), on the pharmacokinetics of intravenous and orally administered etoposide in rats. It was reported that etoposide is a substrate for P‐gp and metabolized mainly via CYP3A4 and to a lesser degree via CYP1A2 and 2E1. Etoposide was administered through intravenous (2 mg/kg) or oral (6 mg/kg) routes to rats with or without orally administered morin (5 or 15 mg/kg), which was administered 30 min before etoposide. The pharmacokinetic parameters of etoposide intravenously administered were not significantly different from other groups, suggesting that CYP 3A‐mediated metabolism and the P‐gp mediated efflux of etoposide in the liver and kidney seemed not to be markedly inhibited by orally administered morin. However, orally administered morin (15 mg/kg) significantly increased theAUC(45.8%),Cmax(32.0%) and the absolute bioavailability (35.9%) of orally administered etoposide compared with the control, which could be mainly due to inhibition of CYP isoenzyme and P‐gp in the intestine by morin. The dosage regimen of etoposide should be taken into consideration for toxic reactions when combined with morin or dietary supplements containing morin in patients. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Formation of structured polymers upon controlled denaturation of β‐lactoglobulin with different chaotropes
Authors: Rasmussen P. , Barbiroli A. , Bonomi F. , Faoro F. , Ferranti P. , Iriti M. , Picariello G. , Iametti S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractProlonged exposure (>90 days) of bovine β‐lactoglobulin (BLG) to subdenaturing concentrations of either urea or potassium thiocyanate resulted in the formation of ordered polymers in the form of fibrils. The fibrils obtained with each chaotrope showed major differences in morphology, surface properties, thiol accessibility, and stability to dissociating agents as a consequence of the different chemical bonds involved in their stabilization. Hydrophobic interactions between BLG monomers are predominant in thiocyanate‐formed fibrils, whereas urea‐formed fibrils are stabilized by intermolecular disulfides generated through a thiol‐disulfide exchange reaction. The different features of fibrils obtained with each chaotrope relate to the peculiar structural features and chemical properties of the “active” monomers generated by subdenaturing chaotrope concentrations in the early phases of the polymerization process, as detected by spectroscopic and limited proteolysis/mass spectrometry studies in the earliest stages of the action of individual chaotropes. The chaotrope‐specific features of these early intermediates in turn affect the polymerization mechanism, whose intermediates were studied by size‐exclusion chromatography on the soluble fraction at different times of fibril formation. The potential of these findings for the production of protein‐derived nanostructures having different and controlled geometries and chemical properties is also discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 86: 57–72, 2007.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
A Novel Cesium Hydroxygallophosphate with a Layered Structure Built up of Rutile Ribbons: CsGa2(OH)2[(PO4)H(PO4)].
Authors: Lesage J. , Guesdon A. , Raveau B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Benchmark for Water Photooxidation by Nanostructured α‐Fe2O3 Films.
Authors: Kay Andreas , Cesar Ilkay , Graetzel Michael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Effect of 2,6‐Disubstituted Aryl Groups on Acyclic Conformation: Preference for an Antiperiplanar Orientation of the Geminal and Vicinal Hydrogens.
Authors: Carlier Paul R. , Zhang Yiqun , Slebodnick Carla , Lo Michael M.‐C. , Williams Ian D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ferric(III) Nitrate Supported on Kieselguhr: A New Reagent for Selective Oxidation of Alcohols.
Authors: Lou Ji‐Dong , Zhu Long‐Hua , Ma Yi‐Chun , Li Li 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Facile and Selective Aerobic Oxidation of Arylalkanes to Aryl Ketones Using Cesium Carbonate.
Authors: Park Kwanghee Koh , Tsou Lun K. , Hamilton Andrew D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Preparation and Allylation of Enamides and Enecarbamates Generated via Iron(0) Reduction of Oximes and Derivatives.
Authors: Sun Cuixiang , Weinreb Steven M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Diaminochlorophosphine for Palladium‐Catalyzed Arylations of Amines and Ketones.
Authors: Ackermann Lutz , Spatz Julia H. , Gschrei Christian J. , Born Robert , Althammer Andreas 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.