bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A NEUTROPHILIC REACTION OF SWEET'S SYNDROME TYPE ASSOCIATED WITH THE ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE
Authors: Tefany Frances J. , Georgouras Katherine 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA case is presented of a Sweet's syndrome‐like eruption in association with the oral contraceptive. A 46 year old Caucasian woman developed recurrent episodes of erythematous tender plaques on her trunk six weeks after commencement of the oral contraceptive (OC). Her condition clinically and histologically resembled Sweet's dermatosis. On cessation of the OC there was complete resolution of her lesions and she remains well 12 months later. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of a neutrophilic reaction to the oral contraceptive, and we believe that drugs may be implicated in the aetiology of atypical neutrophilic reactions simulating Sweet's syndrome in patients who are otherwise well.
CARBON DIOXIDE LASER IN THE TREATMENT OF CUTANEOUS DISORDERS
Authors: Sinclair And Robert J. , Sinclair Peter J. 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYExperienced gained with the Carbon Dioxide Laser over a two year period is documented. This laser modality has been used successfully for many indications. We believe it is the treatment of choice for conditions such as resistant verrucae, extensive actinic cheilitis or labial leukoplakia, and for the cosmetic removal of widespread facial tumours, some keloid scars and rhinophyma.
SKIN REACTIONS TO DILTIAZEM
Authors: Wittal Richard A. , Fischer Gayle O. , Georgouras Katherine E. , Baird Phillip J. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA survey of Australian dermatologists was conduted into skin reactions observed to diltiazem. These have included: erythema multiforme, subcorneal pustular dermatosis, photosensitive erythroderma, macular exanthem, allergic vasculitis and urticarial vasculitis. The range of clinical and histopathological features are described. A review of the literature is presented. Photosensitive erythroderma and urticarial vasculitis have not, to our knowledge, been reported in the literature previously.
FAMILIAL NON‐DIABETIC NECROBIOSIS LIPOIDICA
Authors: Ho Kenneth K‐L , O'Loughlin S. , Powell F. C. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryNecrobiosis lipoidica (NL) is a cutaneous disorder with distinctive clinical and morphologic characteristics. It is associated with diabetes mellitus in two thirds of cases. The aetiology and pathogenesis of NL are unknown but familial cases of NL seem to be extremely rare. We report the occurrence of NL in two sisters with normal glucose tolerance.
INFANTILE PYODERMA GANGRENOSUM
Authors: Sood Jaideep , Singh Mohan , Chaturvedi Pushpa 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA six month old female infant with pyoderma gangrenosum is reported. Pyoderma gangrenosum in an infant is rare. The child responded to pulse therapy with intravenous dexamethasone and intralesional triamcinolone acetonide.
CUTANEOUS CRYPTOCOCCOSIS: RECURRENCE FOLLOWING ORAL FLUCONAZOLE TREATMENT
Authors: Cooper Celia M. , Gordon David L. , Reid Catherine , Philpot C. Ross 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA case of recurrent cutaneous cryptococcosis in an immunocompromised patient is described. The patient presented with a non‐healing cutaneous ulcer due to infection with Cryptococcus neoformans. Extensive investigation failed to reveal any evidence of associated systemic cryptococcosis. Treatment with oral fluconazole resulted in complete resolution of the ulcer but after several months a second cutaneous cryptococcal lesion appeared, strongly suggesting dissemination from an underlying systemic focus. This case illustrates the hazards associated with making a diagnosis of isolated cutaneous cryptococcosis and the necessity for prolonged follow‐up of patients who present in this way.
ETRETINATE THERAPY OF SOLAR‐RELATED KERATO ACANTHOMA
Authors: Watson Alan B. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryNineteen patients with a total of 22 keratoacanthomas were treated in this trial with lmgm/kg/day of etretinate for six weeks. The patients had predominantly solitary keratoacanthoma, all associated with severe solar damage. There was a provision for reduction of dose and also for extension of length of treatment time for lesions which had responded but had not completely disappeared at the end of six weeks.Sixteen of the nineteen patients cleared without recurrence. Two patients had therapy stopped because of side effects and in these, further treatment was required. These side effects were severe paronychia and elevation of serum lipids. Other side effects were almost exclusively muco‐cutaneous.Keratocanthomas on the head, neck and upper limbs had cleared completely at the end of six weeks therapy, with a variable degree of ridged scarring. Lesions on the lower legs almost invariably required treatment times which were longer than six weeks and could be up to twelve weeks.Etretinate therapy of solar related keratoacanthoma should be considered for large lesions, multiple lesions, lesions in areas which are difficult to treat, and lesions in patients unsuited for destructive therapy or surgery.
TREATMENT OF EUMYCETOMA WITH KETOCONAZOLE
Authors: Venugopal Pankajalakshmi V. , Venugopal Taralakshmi V. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryTen patients with eumycetoma were treated with oral ketoconazole in the dosage of 400mg/day for 8 to 24 months. In eight cases the foot was affected: four were due to Madurella mycetomatis and one each due to M grisea, Pyrenochaeta romeroi, Acremonium kiliense and A falciorme. One mycetoma which affected the back and perineum was due to A kiliense, and one case presented with multiple sebaceous cysts and the scalp and M mycetomatis was isolated from the lesion. Clinical and laboratory tests showed excellent tolerance to the drug, with no adverse reactions. Complete cure was obtained in six patients and two showed good responses. The cured patients were followed up for a period ranging from three months to two years without any evidence of recurrence.
BULLOUS PEMPHIGOID IN AN ABORIGINE
Authors: Lo Sydney , Mollison Lindsay C. , Kumar Ajay 
Published: June 2007

SummaryObjective: To present the first case of bullous pemphigoid in an Australian Aborigine.Clinical features: A 47 year old female aborigine presented with a three week history of a generalised skin eruption consistent with bullous pemphigoid. Immunohistological examination confirmed the diagnosis. Therapy required high dose oral steroids, azathioprine and erythromycin as well as topical agents. Treatment was complicated by isolation and poor compliance but was ultimately successful in inducing and retaining remission.Conclusion: This is the first description of bullous pemphigoid in an Australian Aborigine. We recommend early biopsy to confirm diagnosis and plan therapy, and careful attention to patient education to encourage compliance.
SOUTHERN BLOT ANALYSIS OF SKIN BIOPSIES FOR HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS DNA: RENAL ALLOGRAFT RECIPIENTS IN SOUTH‐EASTERN QUEENSLAND
Authors: Trenfield Karen , Salmond Carol A. , Pope John H. , Hardie Ian R. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe 104 skin biopsies from 34 patients who attended a Renal Transplant Unit in Brisbane over 12 months included 40 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 22 solar keratoses, 4 hyperkeratoses, 18 warts and 11 basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA was identified by Southern blot hybridisation using, as individual probes, purified insert DNA from recombinant HPV 1, 2, 3 or 3/10, 4, 5 or 5/8, 7, 11, 16, 18 and 41 under relaxed conditions and characterised by restriction enzyme analysis and Southern blot hybridisation under more stringent conditions. Genomic HPV DNA was characterised in 7 skin biopsies from 4 renal allograft recipients (RARs): HPV 1A in a SCC (20 copies/cell) and a BCC (10 copies/cell) from the one patient, HPV 36 (20 copies/cell) in a SCC, HPV 1A (1000 copies/cell) in a wart and HPV 2B (200‐800 copies/cell) in 3 warts from the one patient. Only HPV 1A in the SCC exhibited a significant degree of subtype variation. HPV DNA was identified in another 5 skin biopsies from another 4 RARs: HPV 3A in a wart and a hyperkeratosis, HPV3/10‐related DNA in 2 solar keratoses and HPV5/8‐related DNA in another (20‐50 copies/cell). The incidence of HPV 5 (or 5‐related HPVs) in RAR SCC was very low and that of HPV DNA in RAR warts was lower than that recorded elsewhere but this was not due to insensitivity of the assays. There was no evidence for a role for HPV in the aetiology of skin cancer in RARs in south‐eastern Queensland but the possibility remains that as yet unidentified HPV types are involved.
HISTOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF 0.05% TRETINOIN IN THE TREATMENT OF PHOTO DAMAGED SKIN
Authors: Kossard Steven , Anderson Phil , Davies Alison , Cooper Alan 
Published: June 2007

SummaryIn a randomised double‐blind vehicle controlled trial of 0.05% tretinoin cream in the treatment of photodamaged skin, the histological results of paired biopsies from 28 individuals who applied tretinoin for 26 weeks are compared with 28 paired biopsies from a control group applying vehicle alone. There was a significant increase in epidermal thickness in the tretinoin‐treated group (P.001). Epidermal atrophy was reversed in ten patients applying tretinoin cream.Baseline biopsies obtained from participants in Melbourne, Victoria (38° latitude) showed significantly less elastosis than those in Sydney (34° latitude) and Newcastle in N.S.W., although the two groups did not show significant differences in age or sex, and the differences could not be correlated with skin type. Tretinoin cream had no effect on the degree of solar elastosis after 26 weeks application. Tretinoin cream appears effective in reversing epidermal atrophy and clinically diminishes fine wrinkling, mottled hyperpigmentation and skin roughness. Tretinoin cream may not offer a solution to the gross solar damage seen in the Australian population who have marked solar elastosis as a principal, clinical and histologie finding. However it is possible that dermal repair and reversal of solar elastosis may require topical application of tretinoin cream for a longer period than the six months used in this trial.
ONYCHOMYCOSIS DUE TO PITYROSPORUM
Authors: Crosier William J. , Wise Keith A. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryTen cases of onychomycosis due to Pityrosporum are reported. The epidemiology, clinical features and treatment of these cases are described in detail. These cases are reported to alert medical practitioners and mycologists that Pityrosporum can cause onychomycosis in our community.
CYCLOSPORIN TREATMENT OF ATOPIC DERMATITIS: FIVE CASE STUDIES AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Stephens Robert B. , Lee May‐Lian , Cooper Alan 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThis study reports on five adult patients with severe atopic dermatitis who were treated in our department with a three month course of cyclosporin* All patients demonstrated significant clinical improvement with minimal side effects. We conclude that provided safety guidelines are observed, cyclosporin can be used with good effect in those patients where conventional treatment is unsatisfactory. This paper also reviews the use of cyclosporin in atopic dermatitis and includes a brief discussion of how it may alter pathophysiologic mechanisms.
CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS OF LONG‐TERM HYDROXYUREA THERAPY
Authors: Kelly Robert I. , Bull Richard H. , Marsden Alan 
Published: June 2007

SummarySkin changes associated with long term hydroxyurea therapy have only rarely been reported and are not widely known. This report concerns a patient in whom extensive and debilitating skin changes developed secondary to hydroxyurea therapy. In addition to previously reported manifestations such as ichthyosis, a dermatomyositis‐like eruption on the dorsal hands, facial erythema and accelerated development of premalignant and malignant skin lesions, the patient developed an erosive eruption on the glans penis. He also developed a rapidly enlarging viral wart which clinically resembled a squamous cell carcinoma and histologically showed marked cytological atypia. It is possible that hydroxyurea caused accelerated photoageing and also contributed to the rapid growth of the viral wart and the atypical histological features. The time course of the clinical changes suggests that they result from direct toxicity of hydroxyurea on the basal layer of the epidermis and mucosal surfaces.
ANONYCHIA OF ALL TOES WITH ABSENCE OF PHALANGEAL BONES
Authors: Hatzis John , Soulacos Panayotis N. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA ten year old girl suffered from anonychia of all toes, present from birth. The absence of nails was accompanied by absence of one or two phalangeal bones in toes other than the big toes. Other abnormalities consisted of short toes, incomplete syndactyly of the 2nd and 3rd toes of each foot and transfer of the dermatoglyphics from the plantar to the dorsal surface of the digits. The combined defect of the nails and the phalangeal bones can be explained by the close relationship of the two structures during the morphogenesis of the digits.
FAMILIAL JUVENILE ELASTOMA
Authors: Huilgol Shyamala C. , Griffiths W. A. D. , Black M. M. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryTwo cases of familial juvenile elastoma are reported with a review of the literature concerning juvenile elastoma and the Buschke‐Ollendorff syndrome of connective tissue naevi in association with osteopoikilosis.
CYCLOSPORINE, AZATHIOPRINE AND LOCAL THERAPY FOR PYODERMA GANGRENOSUM
Authors: Duffill Mark B. 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYA markedly obese 54 year old woman with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, anaemia, dyspepsia, controlled hypothroidism and depression presented with a seven month history of large pyoderma gangenosum ulcers on the shins. Routine dressings for the ulcers had been ineffective. Her arthritis was being treated with azathioprine and NSAID's. Initial treatment with clobestasol proprionate and disodium cromoglycate under occlusion produced only partial healing. Introduction of Cyclosporin A and continuation of topical therapy, with the addition of triamcinolone acetonide injections, led to progressive healing which was complete after seven months. There has been no relapse to date. Cyclosporine can be combined with azathioprine and local therapy for successful treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum.
PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES IN WOUND HEALING: THE ROLE OF ENZYMATIC DEBRIDEMENT
Authors: Sinclair And Rodney D. , Ryan Terence J. 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYProteolytic enzymes are a family of proteins that serve to degrade necrotic debris derived from cell breakdown. They are produced endogenously often as precursor proteins whose activation is precisely regulated. These activated enzymes serve many functions in normal as well as pathological situations. In particular they are involved in the regulation of cell maturation and multiplication; collagen synthesis and turnover; the development and removal of the perivascular fibrin cuffs found in venous insufficiency and leg ulceration as well as the removal of dead tissues following inflammation. As a limited number of enzymes perform all these functions, it is difficult to predict the effects of applying synthetic proteolytic enzymes to a wound. Many such enzymes are currently commercially available and being promoted as alternatives to surgical wound debridement. It is important for their use to be considered in the context of their interaction with endogenous proteases, their physiological role in tissue, their ability to reach a desired target and the stage of wound healing at the time they are applied.
Bullous pemphigoid and burns: The unveiling of the attachment plaque?
Authors: Wagner Godfrey H , Ive F Adrian , Paraskevopoulos Stavros 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYTwo patients with bullous pemphigoid (BP) associated with burns are described. The case with BP lesions that were localized is the first to be described in the literature and generalized BP has been described on only one occasion previously. Both cases exhibited the clinical features of BP and settled with the use of oral prednisolone. Many extrinsic precipitants of BP have been described; however, the precise trigger of the autoimmune process is not yet understood. The authors discuss the hypothesis that as burns expose BP antigen, the association of BP with advancing years arises through exposure of BP antigen during the process of involution of the basement membrane zone seen in the normal process of ageing. BP should be considered in cases of burns associated blistering, particularly blisters occurring at distant sites, but also involving affected skin.
Female androgenetic alopecia: An update
Authors: Callan Annette W , Montalto Joseph 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYAndrogenetic alopecia is an androgen dependent disorder occurring in genetically susceptible individuals. The pattern of hair loss in women differs from that of classical male pattern alopecia, being more diffuse and with retention of the frontal hair line in most cases. Characteristic histopathological changes occur but biopsy is rarely helpful in diagnosis. Although research has shown subtle alterations in the androgen status of women with androgenetic alopecia, most patients presenting with this disorder are normal endocrinologically. Anti‐androgen therapy will result in some improvement in up to 50% of patients after 6 to 12 months of therapy, but in practice will usually only decrease the rate of hair loss and not result in new hair growth.
Cutaneous vasculitis and cutaneous vasculopathies
Authors: Kelly Robert I 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYCutaneous involvement may occur with virtually all syndromes of vasculitis. This can occur primarily as a dermatologic disorder or as a manifestation of a potentially life threatening systemic vasculitis. In this review article, classification, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis and therapy of cutaneous vasculitis will be discussed. Disorders which are primarily vascular in origin but lack a well defined inflammatory phase, referred to as ‘vasculopathies’ will also be discussed.
Quantification of hair follicle parameters using computer image analysis: A comparison of androgenetic alopecia with normal scalp biopsies
Authors: Lee May‐Sen , Kossard Steven , Wilkinson Barbara , Doyle John A 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYComputer image analysis enables large numbers of hairs to be measured in an automated fashion. In this study, we examined horizontal scalp biopsies from 10 patients with a histological diagnosis of androgenetic alopecia and 10 normal control subjects. The density of hair follicles and the ratio of terminal to vellus hairs were determined. Hair shaft, hair canal and hair follicle diameter, inner root sheath width and outer root sheath area were measured using the Chromatic Colour Image Analysis program. This study showed a statistically significant progressive decrease in size of hair canal diameters from normal terminal hairs (85.93 ± 10.07 μm) through to androgenetic alopecia terminal (68.83 ± 13.60 μm) and vellus hairs (28.67 ± 5.60 μm). This pattern is also seen with hair follicle diameters; normal terminal (268.41 ± 24.88 μm), androgenetic alopecia terminal (236.34 ± 17.23 μm), and vellus hairs (130.88 ± 19.96 μm). Outer root sheath areas, hair shaft diameters and ratio of terminal to vellus hairs were significantly larger in normal (18500 ± 4222 μm2; 82.71 ± 13.79 μm; 36:1; respectively) compared with androgenetic alopecia scalp biopsies (8403 ± 3322 μm2; 61.11 ± 14.42 μm; 3:1; respectively), whereas inner root sheath width and density did not vary significantly. Computer image analysis can be adapted for use in clinical trials where large numbers and objectivity are critical in determining the efficacy of hair growth promoters.
Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome Type II: Importance of recognition
Authors: Stanford Duncan G , Georgouras Katherine E 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYWe report a case of Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome Type II presenting with subtle clinical features and discuss the importance of early recognition of this disorder. A 16 year old Caucasian schoolgirl presented with soft tissue swellings on her fingers. There was a history of poor wound healing and prematurity and a family history of miscarriages. Clinical examination revealed hypermobile joints, hyperelastic skin and a ‘cigarette paper’ scar at the site of a previous minor surgical excision. Management consisted of genetic counselling and advice concerning career choice, recreational activities, as well as future pregnancy and surgery. This subtype of Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome is probably fairly common in the community. While it may present with subtle clinical features, recognition is important so that counselling can be offered at a young age in order to avoid the major consequences that may arise during pregnancy and surgery.
Lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis
Authors: Whitfeld Margot J , Faust Holly B 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYLymphocutaneous sporotrichosis presented in a 10 year old child 1–2 weeks after an abrasion. A series of nodules, two of which ulcerated, appeared along the arm with tender unilateral axillary lymphadenopathy in the absence of systemic symptoms. Biopsy showed a granulomatous infiltrate but failed to reveal the organism; however, culture was positive for Sporothrix schenckii. The primary lesion healed with a scar after 3 months of systemic therapy with potassium iodide.
Paraneoplastic pemphigus triggered by radiotherapy
Authors: Lee May‐Sen , Kossard Steven , Ho Kenneth KL , Barnetson Ross StC , Ravich Robert BM 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYParaneoplastic pemphigus is a recently described autoimmune disease characterized by painful mucosal ulceration and polymorphous skin lesions in association with an underlying neoplasm. Distinct autoantibodies bind desmoplakin I, desmoplakin II, bullous pemphigoid antigen and an uncharacterized 190kDa antigen. A case is presented of paraneoplastic pemphigus that developed after radiotherapy for non‐ Hodgkin's lymphoma in a 53 year old man. Multiple skin biopsies showed a lichenoid reaction without acantholysis. Immunofluorescence and mucosal biopsies were required to establish the correct diagnosis. Corneal opacities resembling lichenoid graft‐versus‐host disease and retinal haemorrhages, which developed in the patient, have not been previously documented. Despite high doses of immunosuppressive agents and plasmaphoresis, the patient eventually died from respiratory failure.
The role of pulsed laser in the management of cosmetically significant pigmented lesions
Authors: Bekhor Philip S 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYPulsed laser can be effective in the treatment of naevus of Ota, some cafe au lait macules, lentigines and junctional naevi. It is less useful for compound, intradermal or congenital naevi, chloasma, or post‐inflammatory pigmentation. Hydroquinone and broad spectrum sunscreen are routinely used after treatment.
Evaluation of patch testing in patients with chronic vulvar symptoms
Authors: Brenan John A , Dennerstein Graeme J , Sfameni Salvatore F , Drinkwater Paul , Marin Grazia , Scurry James P 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYThe Dermogynaecology Clinic was established at the Mercy Hospital for Women in 1989. Since its inception, 700 patients have been investigated and 15% were clinically diagnosed as having contact dermatitis. Primary irritant dermatitis was regarded as the common cause but to investigate the place of contact allergy 50 patients were patch tested to a standard battery, medicaments, preservatives, corticosteroids and miscellaneous allergens. Twenty‐one patients (42%) had a total of 44 positive tests. The most common positive reactions were to nickel (22%), cobalt (6%), fragrances (12%). caine mix (6%) and ethylenediamine (8%). Medicaments and fragrances were regarded as important allergens. Corticosteroid and imidazole allergy was not a problem in this series of patients.
Ritual Samoan body tattooing and associated sporotrichosis
Authors: Choong Khai Y , Roberts Leonard J 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYA 36 year old Samoan male who developed cutaneous sporotrichosis as a result of traditional body tattooing is reported. It is considered that the tattooing procedure was responsible for introducing the infection. He was treated with itraconazole, which produced resolution of the lesions.