bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic resonance imaging of injury to the lateral ankle ligaments
Authors: Rijke Arie M. , Goitz Henry T. , McCue Frank C. , Dee Paul M. 
Published: June 2007

To establish the value of magnetic resonance imaging in determining which patients with ankle sprains will benefit from surgical treatment, 1 uninjured volunteer and 15 patients with acute, subacute, and chronic injuries of the lateral ankle ligaments were imaged at 1.0 tesla using a fast imaging with steady-state preci sion three-dimensional technique and 1.5-mm slice thickness. A dedicated knee coil was used to hold the foot in a neutral or plantar-flexed position. In cases of acute, low-grade injuries, fraying of the anterior talofib ular ligaments with intact calcaneofibular ligaments was observed in the presence of edema and hemorrhagic fluid. In cases of acute, high-grade sprains, the calca neofibular ligament appeared wavy or was visualized only partially or not at all. Subacute injuries showed ligament disruption; chronic lesions, on occasion, showed atrophy of the calcaneofibular ligament but no edema or hemorrhagic fluid. These findings showed a good qualitative correlation with the results of graded stress radiography. Magnetic resonance imaging can definitely determine the ligaments involved in lateral ankle sprains and pro vide useful anatomic information in cases in which acute or reconstructive surgery is contemplated. However, the magnetic resonance imaging findings do not directly correlate with degree of instability and do not replace those of physical examination or routine radiographic studies.
Injuries in professional rugby league
Authors: Gibbs Nathan 
Published: June 2007

In this 3-year prospective study, the incidence and nature of injuries incurred by a professional rugby league football club were investigated. During the 1989, 1990, and 1991 season games, 141 injuries occurred throughout the first, second, and under-21 age teams, which resulted in players missing subsequent games. The incidence of injury was 44.9 per 1000 player- position game hours, which is high when compared with other sports. Of these injuries, 37.6% were clas sified as minor, 34.8% as moderate, and 27.6% as major. The classification was based on the number of subsequent games missed: minor injuries caused a player to miss one game; moderate, two to four games; and major, five or more games. Ligament and joint injuries comprised 53.9% of all injuries, and the knee was the most common area injured (24.1 %). The commonest specific injuries were to the medial collateral ligament of the knee and to the groin musculotendinous unit (10.6% each).
Operative versus nonoperative treatment of Achilles tendon rupture
Authors: Cetti René , Christensen Steen-Erik , Ejsted Rolf , Jensen Niels Melchior , Jorgensen Uffe 
Published: June 2007

One hundred eleven patients with acute rupture of the Achilles tendon were included in a prospective trial and randomly assigned to groups for operative (56 patients) or nonoperative (55 patients) treatment. All of the patients were followed with clinic evalua tions at 4 months and 1 year after the rupture. The major complications in the operative treatment group were three reruptures and two deep infections as com pared with seven reruptures, one second rerupture, and one extreme residual lengthening of the tendon in the nonoperative group. There were fewer minor com plications in the nonoperative group than in the opera tive group. The operatively treated patients had a significantly higher rate of resuming sports activities at the same level, a lesser degree of calf atrophy, better ankle movement, and fewer complaints 1 year after the ac cident. The conclusion we reached through this randomized prospective study is that operative treatment of rup tured Achilles tendons is preferable, but nonoperative treatment is an acceptable alternative.
Posterior Ossification of the Shoulder: The Bennett Lesion
Authors: Ferrari James D. , Ferrari Dudley A. , Coumas James , Pappas Arthur M. 
Published: June 2007

We report a series of ossific lesions of the posterior inferior glenoid in a group of elite baseball players. We hope to clarify the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of the Bennett lesion. From August 1985 to August 1991, we identified six professional baseball pitchers and one college pitcher with evidence of ossification of the shoul der on plain radiographs, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging. Arthroscopic examina tion was performed in all cases. All seven players had identifiable posterior labral injury on arthroscopic ex amination ; six of these seven also had varying degrees of undersurface posterior rotator cuff damage. No an terior tissue damage, anterior instability, or subacromial impingement was noted. No ossification was identified arthroscopically. Intraarticular labral and rotator cuff tears were debrided arthroscopically and patients un derwent rehabilitation for 4 to 6 months after surgery. Six of the seven athletes returned to preinjury perform ance levels; however, one pitcher is no longer playing competitive baseball. The Bennett lesion is an extraarticular posterior os sification associated with posterior labral injury and pos terior undersurface rotator cuff damage. It is not, how ever, a result of traction stresses in the region of the triceps insertion. Recognition is important for identifi cation and treatment of the lesion and associated patho logic damage.
Use of a Modified Elmslie-Trillat Procedure to Improve Abnormal Patellar Congruence Angle
Authors: Shelbourne K. Donald , Porter David A. , Rozzi William 
Published: June 2007

Forty patients underwent 45 modified Elmslie-Trillat re alignment procedures (mean followup, 2 years) for re fractory patellar instability (34 knees) or painful patel lofemoral syndrome with malalignment (11 knees). The postoperative congruence angle (mean, +3.4°) was significantly improved compared with the preoperative value (mean, +21.5°). We considered the "normal" con gruence angle average as -8° (range, -20° to +4°). Overtime postoperatively, we detected no statistical dif ference in the congruence angle (5 months, 3.4°; 24 months, 6.3°). There were no patellar dislocations post operatively. Nine knees (20%) had some postoperative subluxation. Ninety-four percent of the patients without subluxation had congruence angles less than 15°, whereas 54% of patients with postoperative subluxation had postoperative congruence angles greater than 15°. The evidence in this study population indicates that the modified Elmslie-Trillat procedure can predictably improve the patellar congruence angle. Adequate cor rection may eliminate patellar dislocation. Correction of the congruence angle to less than +15° will result in a decreased incidence of postoperative patellar instabil ity. Early full activity postoperatively did not affect the modified Elmslie-Trillat correction of the congruence angle being maintained over time.
Immediate Free Ankle Motion After Surgical Repair of Acute Achilles Tendon Ruptures
Authors: Sölveborn Sven-A. , Moberg Anders 
Published: June 2007

We prospectively studied 17 consecutively treated pa tients (15 men and 2 women) who had surgically treated subcutaneous, complete and acute Achilles tendon rup tures. The patients underwent a new postoperative regi men that allowed free ankle motion in a patellar tendon bearing plaster cast with a protecting frame under the foot making weightbearing possible immediately after surgery. Evaluation was done using a patient question naire and a clinical examination recorded at 6 weeks (when the mobile ankle cast was removed), 3 months, and 1 year. Measurements of isokinetic and functional strength compared with the uninjured leg were per formed at the final followup. No rerupture or other com plications occurred. At 1 year, our patients were graded according to the Arner-Lindholm rating scale and there were 15 (88%) excellent, 2 good, and no poor results. Six patients had an excellent result already at 3 months, and there were no poor results at any evaluation. The patient evaluations showed range of motion, strength, and recovery time comparable with or better than re sults of previous studies. Early free ankle motion after repair of Achilles tendon ruptures proved safe with very satisfactory clinical re sults, which justified a randomized, prospective study (now in progress) comparing it with traditional ankle immobilization.
The Synergistic Action of the Capsule and the Shoulder Muscles
Authors: Guanche Carlos , Knatt Theodore , Solomonow Moshe , Yun Lu  , Baratta Richard 
Published: June 2007

The existence of a reflex arc from the glenohumeral capsule to several muscles crossing the shoulder joint was determined in the feline model. Three branches of the axillary nerve terminating in the glenohumeral cap sule were identified and electrically stimulated with su pramaximal, 100-μsec pulses using bipolar hook elec trodes. Stimulation of the anterior and the inferior axillary articular nerves elicited electromyographic ac tivity in the biceps, subscapularis, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus muscles. Stimulation of the posterior ax illary articular nerve elicited electromyographic activity in the acromiodeltoid muscle. Transection of the three articular nerves just distal to their emergence from the main axillary nerve resulted in the absence of any elec tromyographic activity in the muscles on stimulation, confirming the afferent nature of the articular branches. The time from application of the stimulus to the appear ance of a response in the muscles varied from 2.7 msec in the biceps to 3.1 msec in the supraspinatus. The existence of a reflex arc from mechanoreceptors within the glenohumeral capsule to muscles crossing the joint confirms and extends the concept of synergism between the passive (ligaments) and active (muscles) restraints of the glenohumeral joint. This provides new information in orthopaedic sciences that has direct application in modification of surgical repairs and therapeutic modalities of shoulder injuries.
Vascular Density at the Myotendinous Junction of the Rat Gastrocnemius Muscle After Immobilization and Remobilization
Authors: Kvist Martti , Hurme Timo , Kannus Pekka , Järvinen Teppo , Maunu Vesa-Matti , Jozsa Laszlo , Järvinen Markku 
Published: June 2007

Muscle injuries often occur at or near the myotendinous junction. Immobilization decreases the tensile strength of the myotendinous junction and predisposes it to strain injury. However, there are no data available on whether physical training or remobilization can lower the susceptibility of the myotendinous junction to strain injuries. We investigated the effects of three different remobilization programs (8 weeks) after immobilization (3 weeks) by evaluating the vascular density at the myo tendinous junction of the rat gastrocnemius muscle. The myotendinous junctions had a portal system vas cularity, or capillary-arteriole-capillary system, which probably protects the blood supply against pathologic conditions. The vascular density at the myotendinous junction decreased about 30% after immobilization (P< 0.001). After free cage remobilization for 8 weeks, the mean vascular density returned to the level of the con trols. After progressively increasing running programs the vascular density was slightly higher in the immobi lized myotendinous junction and about 50% higher than controls in the contralateral myotendinous junction ( P < 0.001). The capacity of the vascular bed of the rat myo tendinous junction to recover from immobilization atro phy seems to be good. Progressively increasing physi cal training improves the process of revascularization and probably protects an injured and immobilized muscle from reinjury.
Neoliberalism and International Financial Instability
Authors: Wolfson Martin H. 
Published: June 2007

This paper attempts to expand upon a Minskian model of domestic financial crises to take account of the following international developments: capital inflows that increase financial fragility, foreign financing of deregulated domestic speculative markets, overcapacity in export markets, capital outflows leading to collapsing currencies, restrictive macroeconomic policy oriented toward boosting international investor confidence, and International Monetary Fund bailout packages in the wake of financial crises. The paper concludes that the institutional changes in the international financial system responsible for the developments listed above came about as a result of the policies and strategies of neoliberalism.
Pericardial Disease in the Intensive Care Setting
Authors: Thomas James D. , LeWinter Martin M. 
Published: June 2007

Pericardial disease commonly occurs in the intensive care setting, but its timely diagnosis may be missed. The normal pericardium serves as a lubricated sac within which the heart may beat with minimal friction. The effect of the pericardium on cardiac filling at normal diastolic pressures is not clear; however, it may limit cardiac dilation in states of acute volume overload such as mitral regurgitation and right ventricular infarction. Pericardial disease may be divided into two catego ries : those cases that result from inflammation of the pericardium (pericarditis), and those cases in which a pericardial effusion or the thickened pericardium itself causes hemodynamic changes (tamponade and constric tion). Simple pericarditis should not lead to any hemo dynamic alteration other than tachycardia. In both tam ponade and constriction, the jugular venous pressure is elevated with low forward cardiac output; tamponade typically shows pulsus paradoxus, whereas constric tion more frequently shows Kussmaul's sign. The electrocardiogram may show diffuse ST segment elevation with PR segment depression in pericarditis; a large pericardial effusion, even with early tamponade, may not by itself cause any changes in the electrocar diogram. The echocardiogram is invaluable in diagnos ing the presence of a pericardial effusion and recogniz ing tamponade physiology (diastolic collapse of the right ventricular outflow tract and invagination of the right atrium). In selected patients, simple pericarditis may be managed outside of the hospital. Anyone suspected of having a hemodynamically significant pericardial effu sion should be hospitalized, usually in an intensive care unit. Pericardiocentesis should be performed under op timal monitoring conditions, although in an emergency, blind pericardiocentesis may be attempted. Recognition of the cause of the pericardial process will guide its treatment. Management of selected pericardial syn dromes is discussed later in this review.
Management of Renal Complications of Liver Disease
Authors: Epstein Murray , Perez Guido , Oster James R. 
Published: June 2007

Included among the most important renal complica tions of liver disease is progressive sodium retention leading to the formation of edema and ascites and the hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). When ascites is refractory to conventional treatment, the use of invasive proce dures such as reinfusion or dialytic ultrafiltration of as cites or the peritoneovenous shunt may be indicated. The possibility that continuous arteriovenous hemo filtration may be useful in removing fluid in patients who would not otherwise tolerate traditional hemodialysis has, because of its recent availability, been raised. Ther apy of HRS continues to be one of the most intriguing and vexing problems in clinical medicine. The use of hemodialysis with polyacrylonitrile membranes may be helpful in certain patients with HRS, especially in those with acute reversible liver injury. Although the peri toneovenous shunt has been reported to correct the renal functional disturbance, the results of the only two controlled studies available are inconclusive. Liver disease is frequently accompanied by a variety of alterations in renal function and electrolyte me tabolism [1]. These complications of liver disease range in severity from the clinically unimportant to problems requiring prompt and vigorous thera peutic intervention. In the present review, empha sis is placed on the management of the abnor malities of renal sodium handling and on acute intrinsic renal failure (ATN) and the hepatorenal syndrome (HRS), which often supervene in patients with severe liver disease. The reader is referred to Epstein [1,2] and Perez and colleagues [3] for more detailed expositions of the use of dialysis and ultrafiltration in treating renal complications of liver disease.
Diagnosis and Management of Acute Congestive Heart Failure in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Francis Gary S. , Archer Stephen L. 
Published: June 2007

Congestive heart failure has emerged as an important public health problem in the United States and is pres ently the number one Diagnostic Related Group for inpatients over the age of 65. Patients admitted to an intensive care or coronary care unit because of de compensated heart failure are frequently older and frequently have multiple serious medical problems. In addition to standard intensive care practices, it is often important to characterize systolic and diastolic proper ties qualitatively with echocardiography. Hemodynamic monitoring is essential for patients with hypotension, oliguria, or questionable left ventricular filling pressures. A combination of loop diuretics, intravenous vaso dilators, and inotropic agents will often be necessary to correct severe underlying hemodynamic abnormalities, and an understanding of basic left ventricular systolic and diastolic function is essential to the optimal use of these potent agents. Manipulation of loading conditions and contractile state are important considerations, and pharmacological interventions should be targeted to ward specific abnormalities in individual patients. Once patients are stabilized, switching to orally active inotro pic and vasodilator agents can usually be accomplished over a 24-hour period, allowing for a total stay of 48 to 72 hours in the intensive care unit. Congestive heart failure (CHF) is rapidly becoming a public health problem of major proportions [1- 5]. As the American population continues to age, we can expect greater numbers of patients to be admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) and coro nary care units (CCUs) with progressive decompen sation of previously stable CHF. Our current ap proaches to the diagnosis and management of acute heart failure are summarized; however, the care of such patients must always be highly individualized.
Recovering a Woman's Head With Prophetic Authority: a Pentecostal Interpretation of 1 Corinthians 11.3-16
Authors: Powers Janet 
Published: June 2007

AbstractEarly Pentecostals defended the ministry of women by using passages in Acts 2.16-17 and 1 Cor. 11.3-16 to show that the Holy Spirit had empowered women to prophesy. But in Pentecostal churches today, some of the same biblical passages are now used to argue for significant restrictions on the ministry of women. This shift is especially apparent in the interpretation of 1 Cor. 11.3-16.These contemporary Pentecostals do not seem to realize that the hermeneutic that is used to interpret 1 Cor. 11.3-16 as a passage which limits the ministry of women is the same hermeneutic which is often used to discredit the doctrine of Spirit-baptism. Pentecostal interpreters need to reject this non-Pentecostal hermeneutic and reclaim 1 Cor. 11.3-16 as part of the Pentecostal defense of Spirit-empowered ministries of women. What is at stake is not just the prophetic ministry of women but the fundamental Pentecostal belief that all believers are empowered by the Holy Spirit for ministry.
Stretching the Definitions? Pneumatology and 'Syncretism' in African Pentecostalism
Authors: Anderson Allan 
Published: June 2007

AbstractSome observers regard as 'syncretistic' many forms of African Pentecostalism that have developed a pneumatology with a presumed link to the pre-Christian past, and will also deny the term 'Pentecostal' to these groups. This does not fully recognise the parallels between biblical pneumatology and the holistic African worldview, and the significant contribution that African Pentecostalism makes to a dynamic understanding of pneumatology. This encounter between African religions and biblical pneumatology reflects a genuine desire to make the doctrine of the Spirit relevant in an African context. This is supported by biblical texts, where such a 'dynamic pneumatology' is assumed.
Matthew Speaks To Ghanaian Healing Situations
Authors: Onyinah Opoku 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis paper attempts to address the current approach to healing among Ghanaian Pentecostal/Charismatic churches. It traces the origins of the approach to the Ghanaian traditional practices, links it with the African Initiated churches and demonstrates that its current position was strengthened by the impact of the ministries of some evangelists in Ghana. Since there are some major problems with the current approach, lessons are drawn from Jesus's healing methods in the gospel of Matthew for the Ghanaian situations.
The Charismatic Structure of Acts
Authors: Thomas John 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis study surveys major attempts to understand the structure of Acts and proposes a structure based upon insights gained from textual markers in the text and the significant role of the Holy Spirit. Building upon the work of a number of others, including Roger Stronstad in particular, this article proposes that the primary theme that holds the document together is the charismatic and/or the prophetic activity of the Holy Spirit. Accordingly, the proposal offered takes account of a full spectrum of defining emphases in Acts: the major individuals in Acts, the book’s emphasis upon missionary expansion, the literary markers in the text, and the strategic role of the Holy Spirit throughout the narrative.