bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphologic and mitogenic responses of rabbit synovial fibroblasts to transforming growth factor β require transforming growth factor α or epidermal growth factor
Authors: Brinckerhoff Constance E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe tested the hypothesis that normal synovial fibroblasts might proliferate in response to transforming growth factors (TGFs), peptides that are extracted with acid‐ethanol from bovine kidney or salivary gland and that cause anchorage‐independent growth of normal cells. A 72‐hour exposure of confluent monolayers of rabbit synovial fibroblasts in 10% fetal calf serum to partially purified TGF‐β in the presence of TGF‐β gave a 2‐ to 5‐fold increase in incorporation of 3H‐thymidine, protein content, and cell number. Similar results were obtained with high pressure liquid chromatography‐purified TGF‐β in the presence of epidermal growth factor (EGF) (a type of TGF‐β). By itself, purified TGF‐β was not mitogenic; it depended absolutely on EGF. However, only TGF‐β along with EGF, and not EGF alone, induced a marked morphologic change: a piling up of cells into foci resembling those commonly seen in primary cultures of rheumatoid synovial cells. Mitogenic responses induced by the TGF‐β‐EGF combination were prevented by all‐trans‐retinoic acid but not by indomethacin or dexamethasone. The data indicate that TGF‐β, a peptide extracted from normal cells, can act in concert with EGF to cause proliferation and piling up of synovial cells and raise the possibility that these factors may play a role in rheumatoid arthritis and other proliferative but nonmalignant diseases as well.
A new model of osteoarthritis in rabbits
Authors: Butler M. , Colombo C. , Hickman L. , O'Byrne E. , Steele R. , Steinetz B. , Quintavalla J. , Yokoyama N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA battery of steroidal and nonsteroidal antirheumatic drugs and protease inhibitors were tested by intraarticular injection for effects on osteoarthritis of the knees of rabbits subjected to partial lateral meniscectomy and section of the sesamoid and collateral fibular ligaments. Among the standard drugs, only the glucocorticoid, triamcinolone hexacetonide, and the protease inhibitor, tranexamic acid, exhibited significant anti‐osteoarthritic activity. An experimental drug, GPA 2163, also offered some protection against joint degeneration. The nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs had no effect on the development of osteoarthritis in the model.
Abnormal interferon modulation of natural cytotoxicity in systemic lupus erythematosus relation to suppressive serum factors
Authors: Sibbitt W. L. , Froelich C. J. , Bankhurst A. D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the present study we examined one aspect of the derangement in natural cytotoxicity (natural killer, NK) activity observed in some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), i.e., the lack of enhancement of NK activity usually seen with interferon (IFN). NK activity of SLE patients as a group was 23.0 ± 3.9 lytic units (LU)/107cells (mean ± SE). This contrasted with the NK activity found in normal controls (45.0 ± 3.8 LU/107cells) (P< 0.05). The enhancement seen with IFN was an increase of 15.4 ± 4.0 LU/107cells in SLE patients compared with 104.6 ± 192 LU/107cells in control subjects (P< 0.05). SLE sera and aggregated IgG (Agg‐IgG) also inhibited the increase in NK activity of normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells after IFN priming. The results reported here support the hypothesis that the impaired baseline NK activity and poor response to IFN noted in SLE are secondary, in part, to the presence of inhibitory serum factors and preactivation by IFN.
Genetic differences between b27 positive patients with ankylosing spondylitis and b27 positive healthy controls
Authors: Calin Andrei , Marder Amy , Becks Elena , Burns Thomas 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a controlled study of the 499 available first degree relatives of 79 consecutive HLA‐B27 positive patients with ankylosing spondylitis and 69 HLA‐B27 positive healthy blood donors, 19 cases of ankylosing spondylitis were found: 16 (15 B27 positive) among the 282 relatives of the patients with ankylosing spondylitis, and 3 (1 B27 positive, 1 B27 negative, 1 unknown) among the 217 relatives of healthy donors (Xc2 = 5.11; P < 0.025). However, if all cases of possible spondyl‐arthritis are included, 48 cases of ankylosing spondylitis were found: 37 of 282 relatives of patients with ankylosing spondylitis and 11 of 217 relatives of healthy donors (Xc2 = 8.29; P < 0.01). Assuming that 50% of relatives of B27 positive individuals carry this antigen, 15 of 142 (10.6%) B27 positive relatives of patients and 2 of 108 (1.9%) B27 positive relatives of healthy subjects (Xc2 = 5.91; P < 0.025) have ankylosing spondylitis. The relative risk of spondylarthropathy for B27 positive relatives of B27 positive patients compared with relatives of B27 positive healthy subjects is 5.6. Assuming all subjects were evaluated in a similar manner, analysis of these data suggests genetic differences between B27 positive diseased individuals and B27 positive healthy subjects.
Synovial fluid lactic acid in septic and nonseptic arthritis
Authors: Eugene Arthur R. , Stern Mark , Galeazzi Mauro , Baldassare Andrew R. , Weiss Terry D. , Rogers John R. , Zuckner Jack 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe determined lactic acid levels by the lactic dehydrogenase method in synovial fluid of 41 patients with various rheumatic diseases, to test the concept that significantly elevated values were diagnostic of septic arthritis. Nine patients had septic arthritis, 15 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and the remainder miscellaneous conditions. In another 9 patients with different rheumatic diseases, including 1 with septic arthritis, synovial fluid lactic acid was determined by both the lactic dehydrogenase and gas‐liquid chromatography methods. There was a wide scatter of values among patients with septic and nonseptic inflammatory arthritis, and much overlap occurred. We could not differentiate septic arthritis from RA on the basis of synovial fluid lactic acid levels. Results were similar with both procedures for determining lactic acid levels.
Clinical spectrum of connective tissue disease after cosmetic surgery
Authors: Kumagai Yasuo , Shiokawa Yuichi , Medsger Thomas A. , Rodnan Gerald P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractConnective tissue disease has been reported to occur following cosmetic surgery with injection of the foreign substances paraffin and silicone (human adjuvant disease). The clinical findings in 18 such patients and a review of 28 additional cases from the Japanese literature are presented. The patients were classified into 2 major groups: group I consisted of 24 patients with definite connective tissue disease—12 with scleroderma, including 8 with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS), 6 with rheumatoid arthritis, 5 with systemic lupus erythematosus, and 1 with polymyositis; group II consisted of 22 patients with human adjuvant disease with some symptoms, signs, and laboratory abnormalities suggestive, but not diagnostic of a connective tissue disease. The occurrence of PSS is approximately three‐fold greater than expected for all women believed to have undergone such surgery, and PSS developed primarily in individuals injected with paraffin. Prolonged exposure to the injected substance may play a role in the induction of these immunologic disorders.
The psychosocial impact of systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Liang Matthew H. , Rogers Malcolm , Larson Martin , Eaton Holley M. , Murawski Benjamin J. , Taylor Jennifer E. , Swafford Julie , Schur Peter H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeventy‐six ambulatory patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and a comparison group of 23 ambulatory patients with rheumatoid arthritis were given a structured interview and standard psychological tests, including the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, to determine the psychosocial impact of the illness. Both groups had significantly elevated scores on 3 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory scales: Hypochondriasis, Depression, and Hysteria. Psychological difficulties are an integral part of systemic lupus erythematosus and are as common as most other manifestations. The implications for clinical practice are discussed.
Immunohistologic characterization of synovial membrane lymphocytes in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Young Carol L. , Adamson Thomas C. , Vaughan John H. , Fox Robert I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSynovial membrane biopsy specimens from 15 rheumatoid arthritis patients were examined using routine histologic stains and monoclonal antibodies directed against cell surface antigens. Three patterns of lymphoid cell infiltrates were recognized: 1) diffuse infiltration of T cells that surrounded clusters of germinal center B cells (3 patients); 2) diffuse T cell infiltration, lacking germinal centers (8 patients); and 3) proliferation of subsynovial fibroblasts, with relatively few lymphoid cells (4 patients). The synovial, subsynovial, and perivascular tissues in each of the patterns exhibited a high frequency of HLA‐DR antigen, HLA‐DS antigen, transferrin receptor, and/or epidermal growth factor receptor. In contrast, normal or osteoarthritic synovial tissues did not display a marked increase of these antigens or receptors. Cells bearing natural killer antigen were infrequent in each of these patterns. Active synovitis, synovial effusions, anemia, and elevated sedimentation rate were present in rheumatoid arthritis patients with each of the three histologic patterns. Immunohistologic characterization of synovial membrane infiltrates by these monoclonal antibodies provides additional information about pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and may help in predicting responses to different therapeutic modalities.
The effects of in vivo hydrocortisone on lymphocyte‐mediated cytotoxicity
Authors: Katz Paul , Zaytoun Annette M. , Lee Jr. James H. , 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo examine the effects of in vivo hydrocortisone sodium succinate (HC) on natural killer (NK) cell and antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), 11 normal adults received a single intravenous bolus of 400 mg hydrocortisone. Lymphocytes were tested for NK activity and ADCC using 51chromium (51Cr)‐release and single cell cytotoxicity assays against Molt‐4 and sensitized RL ˆ→ target cells; respectively. Four hours after injection, both NK and ADCC activity were transiently increased in the 51Cr‐release system (P < 0.05). At 4 hours, there was a twofold increase in the relative frequency of potentially cytotoxic target binding cells (P < 0.001) but the absolute number of these cells did not change (P < 0.1). However, the percentage lysis of bound targets at 4 hours was not altered (P > 0.1). These data suggest that: 1) lymphocytes participating in NK and ADCC reactions are refractory to the kinetic and functional effects of HC; 2) the increased lytic activity observed at 4 hours is due to a selective depletion of noncytotoxic cells from the circulation; and 3) NK and ADCC activity did not differ in their responses to HC.
Nailfold biopsy in scleroderma and related disorders
Authors: Thompson Robert P. , Harper Frank E. , Maize John C. , Ainsworth Sterling K. , Carwile Leroy E. , Maricq Hildegard R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAlthough nailfold capillary abnormalities associated with connective tissue disease (CTD) have been studied by direct in vivo microscopy, little is known of the underlying histology and morphology of this tissue. This report summarizes light microscopic study of glycolmethacrylate embedded nailfold biopsies from 13 CTD patients (9 scleroderma, 2 CREST, 2 undifferentiated CTD), 2 subjects with Raynaud's phenomenon alone, and 9 normal volunteers of similar age and sex distribution. The most striking and consistent finding was the presence of globular, eosinophilic, PAS‐positive deposits in the cuticles of 14 of 15 patients and none of the controls. This material, identified by immunofluo‐rescent staining as serum protein exudates, was associated with pronounced parakeratosis and elevated epithelial mitotic activity. Capillary ectasia with thinning of the basement membrane was often present in CTD biopsies. Occasional signs of endothelial swelling and proliferation were encountered in both populations. Inflammatory changes were rarely seen. In quantitative comparison with control tissues, the superficial dermis from CTD patients contained significantly fewer capillaries, cutaneous nerve bundles, and interstitial fibroblasts per unit area and fewer papillary capillaries per unit of epidermal length. Measures of capillary density in sectioned tissue correlated well with the results of in vivo microscopic examination.
A long‐term longitudinal study of anticentromere antibodies
Authors: Tramposch Helen D. , Douglas Smith C. , Senecal Jean‐Luc , Rothfield Naomi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA longitudinal retrospective study of 37 patients previously tested for anticentromere antibodies (ACA) in 1982 was carried out. No ACA were found in stored sera from 22 ACA‐negative patients including 1 patient with CREST (calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, telangiectasia). All ACA‐positive patients, with 1 exception, were found to have ACA in their sera over prolonged periods of time. One patient developed ACA for the first time when the third feature of the CREST syndrome (Raynaud's phenomenon) was noted. Anticentromere antibodies were IgG, and no consistent change in titer over time was found.
Multiple serologic reactions and their relationship to clinical activity in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Isenberg David A. , Shoenfeld Yehuda , Schwartz Robert S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAnalysis of the binding of serum from 56 systemic lupus erythematosus patients to native DNA (nDNA), denatured DNA (dDNA), poly I, poly(dT), RNA, and cardiolipin revealed multiple antigen binding in many of the sera. Raised levels of antibodies (IgG and/or IgM) to denatured DNA were found in the highest percentage (68%) of patients. A small subset of patients with multiple raised IgM antibodies, renal disease, and vasculitic skin rash was identified. No correlation between multiple serologic activity and clinical disease was found.
Sjögren's syndrome in MRL/l and MRL/n mice
Authors: Hoffman Robert W. , Alspaugh Margaret A. , Waggie Kim S. , Durham James B. , Walker Sara Ellen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSix autoimmune murine models (MRL/l, MRL/n, NZB, NZB/NZW, PN, C57BL/6J‐lpr/lpr) were compared with normal control C57BL/6J and DBA/2 mice to determine if spontaneous autoimmune disease was associated with evidence of Sjögren's syndrome. Schirmer tests documented dry eyes in NZB/NZW and PN mice; other autoimmune strains and controls had normal tear formation. All autoimmune mice had conjunctivitis, but this abnormality was most severe in the PN strain. Ninety‐eight percent of MRL/1 and MRL/n mice had mononuclear cell infiltrates in lacrimal glands, and salivary glands were involved to a lesser degree. New Zealand mice and PN mice had smaller gland lesions. The extensive gland destruction in MRL/l and MRL/n mice suggested that these substrains merit further studies as animal models of Sjögren's syndrome.
The importance of tissue substrate in the SS‐A/Ro antigen‐antibody system
Authors: Harmon Catherine E. , Deng Jau‐Shyong , Peebles Carol L. , Tan Eng M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUsing highly monospecific anti‐SS‐A containing sera and specific antibody to SS‐A antigen dissociated from immune precipitates, tissue sections and cell culture lines were evaluated by the indirect immunofluorescence technique to determine the intracellular location, tissue distribution, and species specificity of the SS‐A/Ro antigen. The SS‐A/Ro antigen is predominantly a nuclear antigen giving an immunofluorescence staining pattern of discrete nuclear speckles. The SS‐A/Ro antigen is present in a wide variety of human tissue, including kidney and liver parenchymal cells, lymphocytes, fibroblasts, and epithelioid cells. However, the SS‐A/Ro antigen does appear to have a variable species distribution, with significant quantities of the antigen detected by immunofluorescence in cells of human, monkey, dog, and guinea pig, but absent to low amounts detected in cells of mouse, rat, rabbit, hamster, and chicken.
Experimental arthritis induced by intraarticular injection of allogenic cartilaginous particles into rabbit knees
Authors: Evans Christopher H. , Mazzocchi Raphael A. , Nelson D. Dirk , Rubash Harry Edward 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman synovial fluid often contains small cartilaginous “wear particles.” Previous in vitro experiments have indicated the potential involvement of these particles in the pathophysiology of arthritis. To determine whether this potential is realized under the conditions existing within joints, standard suspensions of lapine articular cartilage were injected intraarticularly into the knee joints of rabbits. Thrice‐weekly injections of 1 mg allogenic cartilage produced an inflammatory arthritis, accompanied by a marked cellular effusion, in all rabbits within 5 months. The synovium became hyperplastic, discolored, and infiltrated with mononuclear inflammatory cells. Embedded particles of the injected material were seen in histologic preparations of these synovia. Organ cultures of such synovia produced 4 to 5 times more collagenase, plasminogen activator, “Pz‐peptidase,” neutral and acid azocaseinase, and β‐glucuronidase than did cultures of synovia from control knees injected with saline. Furthermore, the articular cartilage of knees injected with cartilaginous particles showed elevated intrinsic collagenolytic activity. Histologic examination of the articular cartilage revealed an attendant loss of metachromasy, resulting in friability, pitting, and discoloring of the cartilage. Preliminary immunoassays failed to demonstrate a systemic immune response to the injected material.
Sexual problems in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Elst P. , Sybesma T. , Van Stadt R. J. Der , Prins A. P. A. , Hissink Muller W. , Den Butter A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this study, scores on the sexual motivation scale (which measures the tendency to engage in sexual interaction versus the tendency to be averse to sexual interaction) were determined, by interview, in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and compared with the scores of healthy matched controls. AS patients did not score differently from the healthy population, but scores of men and women with RA were more in the direction of sexual aversion than those of healthy men and women. In female RA patients, some relationship was found between disease variables such as joint index and erythrocyte sedimentation rate and the score on the sexual motivation scale. In the second part of the interview, preference for certain coital positions was investigated, and the demand for help with sexual problems was explored. The percentage of RA patients expressing a need for advice was considerably greater than the percentage of AS patients.
Controlled trial of hydroxychloroquine and d‐penicillamine singly and in combination in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Bunch Thomas W. , O'Duffy J. Desmond , Tompkins Richard B. , O'Fallon W. Michael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 2‐year, controlled, double‐blind trial of D‐penicillamine and hydroxychloroquine either alone or in combination was conducted on patients with progressive rheumatoid arthritis. The group given D‐penicillamine alone improved most, but a linear fall‐off in efficacy occurred. Surprisingly, the group receiving combination drug therapy did not fare as well as the group receiving D‐penicillamine therapy. A subset of patients receiving hydroxychloroquine therapy had prolonged benefit. Toxicity, though not uncommon, was generally not severe.
Polymyositis/dermatomyositis and pregnancy
Authors: Gutiéarrez Gaspar , Dagnino Rogelio , Mintz Gregorio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEighteen women with polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) were studied to determine the possible influences of pregnancy on the disease and the influence of the disease on pregnancy. Before the onset of PM/DM there were 77 pregnancies: 7 (9%) ended in abortion, 2 (2.5%) in perinatal deaths, with a total fetal loss of 11.5%. There were 3 (3.8%) premature newborns that survived. These figures are equivalent to those of the general population. There were 10 pregnancies in 7 patients coinciding with PM/DM, 1 of them with twins; 3 (30%) ended in abortion, 3 (25%) in perinatal deaths, with a total fetal loss of 55%, and 5 (50%) pregnancies ended prematurely. Four of the 7 women had onset of PM/DM during pregnancy, and 3 others with previously inactive disease had an exacerbation during pregnancy. There were no maternal deaths, nor was there any correlation between activity of PM/DM and fetal loss. These results together with those previously reported suggest that pregnancy in PM/DM should be considered high‐risk for both the mother and the baby.
Pregnancy and systemic sclerosis
Authors: Ballou Stanley P. , Morley John J. , Kushner Irving 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPregnancy has been reported infrequently in patients with systemic sclerosis. Consequently, the outcome and appropriate management of such patients is uncertain. We review the obstetric experience of 19 female patients with systemic sclerosis, and report 2 women in whom 3 pregnancies occurred during the course of disease. Maternal complications included hypertension during 2 of these pregnancies and congestive heart failure during 1. There were 2 premature deliveries, although all 3 infants survived. Our experience with these patients and a review of the available literature suggest that, in patients with systemic sclerosis, fertility may be reduced and complications of pregnancy may be more frequent.
Autoreactivity to collagen in a murine lupus model
Authors: Phadke Kalindi , Fouts Rebecca , Parrish John , Baker Robert S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMRL/1 mice exhibit many characteristics of human systemic lupus erythematosus including antinuclear antibodies, circulating immune complexes, glomerulonephritis, and death secondary to renal failure. In addition, these mice have elevated levels of rheumatoid factor and spontaneously develop arthritis that has many similarities to human rheumatoid arthritis. Our present studies indicate that, with age, they also develop reactivity to types I and II collagen. The levels of antibodies against native or denatured types I and II collagen in the sera of 4–5‐month‐old MRL/1 mice are significantly higher than those in the sera of age‐matched Balb/c or MRL/n mice. The specificity of these antibodies for collagen was demonstrated by a competitive binding assay. The T cells from 1‐ or 2‐month‐old MRL/1 mice exhibited a significant proliferative response in the presence of type I collagen and a mild or no response to type II collagen. Both antigenic and mitogenic responses decreased with age. The results suggest that the development of autoimmunity to collagen may play an important role in the perpetuation of arthritis, vasculitis, and glomerulonephritis in MRL/1 mice.
Evaluation of Diagnostic Criteria for Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Linden Sjef Van Der , Valkenburg Hans A. , Cats Arnold 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe New York and the Rome diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and the clinical history screening test for AS were evaluated in relatives of AS patients and in population control subjects. The New York criterion of pain in the (dorso) lumbar spine lacks specificity, and the chest expansion criterion is too insensitive. The Rome criterion of low back pain for more than 3 months is very useful. Our study showed the clinical history screening test for AS to be moderately sensitive, but it might be better in clinical practice. As a modification of the New York criteria, substitution of the Rome pain criterion for the New York pain criterion is proposed.