bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cochlear implantation in otosclerosis: a unique positioning and programming problem
Authors: Ramsden Richard , Bance Manohar , Giles Ellen , Mawman Deborah 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case is reported in which a Nucleus 22 channel cochlear implant was inserted into the basal turn of the cochlea of a patient with advanced otosclerosis. It then passed out of the anterior end of the basal turn into an otospongiotic cavity related to the cochlea. Seven electrodes were located in the basal turn and it was possible to map them sufficiently well for the patient to derive considerable benefit from the implant. The problem of implant induced facial nerve stimulation in otospongiosis is also discussed.
Chondrosarcoma of the petrous apex. Dilemmas in diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Lau D. P. C. , Wharton S. B. , Antoun N. M. , Bottrill I. D. , Moffat D. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of chrondrosarcoma of the petrous temporal bone is presented. Chondrosarcomas rarely occur intracranially and typically present as a petrous apex mass. The dilemmas faced in the diagnosis and treatment of petrous apex chondrosarcomas are discussed. This case also gives interesting insight into the natural history of this tumour.
Fronto-ethmoid osteoma: the place of surgery
Authors: Hehar S. S. , Jones N. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOsteomas of the paranasal sinuses are common. Most are, however, asymptomatic and a chance radiographic finding. We describe four case histories which help to illustrate the benefits and hazards of surgery, and highlight the importance of patient selection. A review of the literature is presented.
Direct microscopy of effusions obtained from peritonsillar abscesses as a complement to bacterial culturing
Authors: Lilja Markus , Räisänen Simo , Jokinen Kalevi , Stenfors Lars-Eric 
Published: November 2007

AbstractEffusion material was aspirated from 51 consecutive peritonsillar abscesses (34 male, 17 female; age range eight to 46 years) and subjected to direct microscopy after staining with acridine orange. Bacteria were counted per ml effusion material and their morphology was analyzed. In addition, aerobic and anaerobic bacterial culturing was performed. Effusions containing β-haemolytic streptococci Group A, which appeared as a single species, contained fewer bacteria (8 × 106per ml, median value) than effusions harbouring a mixed flora (7 × 108bacteria per ml, median value). Direct microscopy of effusions obtained from peritonsillar abscesses makes possible rapid identification of a single or mixed flora, which is of importance for the antibiotic treatment of the disease.
Scleroma of the larynx
Authors: Soni N. K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwenty-two cases of rhinoscleroma were studied to determine the involvementof the larynx. The study revealed that scieroma affected the larynx in 40 per cent of cases. In the larynx, scleromatous lesions were found in the subglottic region and the disease was observed in stages i.e. atrophic, granulomatous (proliferative i.e. nodular) and afibrotic or sclerotic (scarring) stage as found in the nose. The role of laryngological examination is established in the diagnosis of asymptomatic and early laryngeal lesions and in assessing response to initial treatment. Extensive granulomatous lesions were treated by open excision by the laryngofissure approach which was found to be the best method resulting in a quick recovery without any evidence of subglottic stenosis. The disease as a whole is discussed in the light of available literature.
Distant metastases in terminal head and neck cancer patients
Authors: Talmi Yoav P. , Cotlear Daniel , Waller Alexander , Horowitz Zeev , Adunski Abraham , Roth Yehuda , Kronenberg Jona 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWith improved control of cancer above the clavicles, distant metastases (DM) are frequently more seen and are becoming a more common cause of morbidity and mortality. The present study defined the incidence of distant metastases in a cohort of terminal head and neck cancer patients (HNCP) and compared it to current reported data. The incidence of distant metastases in relation to the primary tumour was evaluated and their impact on survival was assessed. A retrospective survey of patient charts was made, based on the hospice database and original referring hospital charts. Data of 59 patients admitted to the hospice were evaluated. The incidence and location of locoregional and distant disease were studied and effects on survival analyzed.The overall survival from diagnosis to demise was 42.7 months. Thyroid cancer was seen in 20.3 per cent of cases and squamous cell cancer was seen in 59.3 per cent. Distant metastases were found in 83 per cent and 48.6 per cent of patients respectively. Laryngeal cancer patients had a 54.5 per cent incidence of distant metastases. Locoregional disease was seen in 47 per cent of cases and 35.7 per cent of them had distant metastases while a 64.3 per cent incidence of distant metastases was found in cases without locoregional disease. Mean survival was 47.3 months with distant metastases vs 36.5 months without metastases. The difference was not statistically significant.The incidence of distant metastases in squamous cell cancer in terminalHNCP was 48.6 per cent. This is the highest reported incidence of metastases in a clinical series. Patients without locoregional disease had almost a two-fold incidence of metastases. Survival was not affected by metastases in this series.
Oroantral fistula: a complication of transantral ligation of the internal maxillary artery for epistaxis
Authors: Morgan M. K. , Aldren C. P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTransantral ligation of the internal maxillary artery (IMAX) is a well-described option for surgical management of posterior epistaxis not controlled by anterior and posterior packing. Advocates for this procedure argue that it reduces the morbidity, length of hospital stay and financial cost associated with prolonged nasal packing. The procedure is carried out through a Caldwell-Luc approach and the IMAX is clipped in the pterygomaxillary fossa. Fashioning of a nasoantral window is optional and its inclusion usually depends on the integrity of the sinus ostium. The commonest complications of transantral IMAX ligation occur when local structures including the inferior orbital and anterior superior alveolar nerves are damaged. The incidence of oroantral fistula following IMAX ligation is very low but those cases reported have been associated with the failure to create a nasoantral drainage window. We report two cases of persistent oroantral fistula complicating transantral internal maxillary artery ligation. No nasoantral window was fashioned in either of these cases.
Acute pulmonary oedema complicating laryngospasm
Authors: Ingrams Duncan , Burton Martin , Goodwin Alison , Graham John 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPulmonary oedema is an uncommon but important complication of laryngeal spasm which in turn occurs more commonly in ENT practice than in most other surgical specialities. A case is reported and the literature reviewed, with particular reference to the proposed pathophysiological mechanism of this phenomenon.
Septal, widely infiltrative and clinically occult adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid gland
Authors: Coup A. , Williamson J. M. S. , Curley J. W. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMost salivary gland tumours present with an obvious mass and are usually diagnosed clinically. We present a case of occult adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid which, due to its peculiar septal pattern of growth and complicated clinical setting. defied diagnosis for several years.
Visual evoked potentials in endoscopic and anterior skull base surgery: a review
Authors: Jones N. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe anterior visual pathway can be damaged during surgery of the anterior skull base, the sellar and parasellar area, the orbit, or the paranasal sinuses. Clinical per-operative monitoring of the visual pathway is difficult and damage to the optic nerve is oftenonly determined late. Visual evoked potentials may provide an early indication of reversible change to the visual system and various per-operative monitoring techniques have been used. These techniques show promise but at present they are too cumbersome and give results whichare too variable to be reliable in per-operative monitoring.
Paediatric neck masses – a diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Connolly A. A. P. , MacKenzie K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThree hundred and sixty children who had a head and neck mass excised during 1987 to 1992 at the Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow were studied. There were 210 males and 150 females with a mean age of 60.7 months (0.5 to 198 months). Pilomatrixomata/sebaceous cysts (34 per cent), thyroglossal cysts (13 per cent), branchial remnants (nine per cent) and dermoids (nine per cent) accounted for almost twothirds of the 264 non-lymphadenomatous benign lesions excised. Ninety-three lymphadenopathy masses consisted of 60 with reactive hyperplasia, 21 withMycobacteriuminfection and 12 lymphomas. There were three solid malignant tumours, two were rhabdomyosarcomata and one disseminated round cell tumour. The correlation between clinical diagnosis and histopathology of benign non-lymph node masses and solid tumours was 90 per cent and 100 per cent respectively, in benign lymph nodes, 66 per cent, but was poor in differentiating lymph node content. The mean time from presentation of a swelling to its excision was almost a year and the mean in-patient stay for excision of a mass was almost five days. The role of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in arriving at a diagnosis and reducing patient morbidity is discussed.
Cavernous lymphangioma in the adulat parotid
Authors: Morgan M. , Bennett M. , Wilson J.A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCavernous lymphangioma is a benign congenital lesion that usually appears in childhood. It rarely presents in the adult but may be diagnosed at this late stage due to the slow growing nature of the tumour. It is rarely found i n the salivary glands and when it does occur, the gland is usually incorporated by lymphangioma of surrounding tissue.We present and discuss the case of a cavernous lymphangioma in the parotid gland of an adult male.
A case of a large dentigerous cyst containing a canine tooth in the maxillary antrum leading to epiphora
Authors: Altas Enver , Karasen R. Murat , Yilmaz A. Berhan , Aktan Bulent , Kocer Ibrahim , Erman Zekai 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of a large dentigerous cyst containing a canine tooth in the maxillary antrum is presented. This case is of interest due because of its extensiveness and thepresence of a canine tooth in the roof of the maxillary sinus. In addition, this caused aright-sided epiphora. Enucleation of the cyst containing the ectopic tooth was made.
Metastatic follicular thyroid carcinoma to the paranasal sinuses: a case report and review
Authors: Altman Ken W. , Mirza Natasha , Philippe Lucien 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThyroid carcinoma metastatic to the paranasal sinuses is extremely rare, with only 11 cases reported in the English and European literature. We report a case of metastatic follicular thyroid carcinoma to the clivus with extension into the sphenoid and posterior ethmoid sinuses. Pathological diagnosis was obtained using an intranasal endoscopic biopsy. As with our patient, metastatic thyroid carcinoma may present with symptoms related to distant metastases rather than the primary lesion. Distant metastases in differentiated thyroid carcinoma portends a poor prognosis. Our case of metastatic thyroid carcinoma to the paranasal sinuses is summarized in the context of the 11 additional cases, and treatment options are discussed.
Lateral neck abscess caused by Streptococcus bovis in a patient with undiagnosed colon cancer
Authors: Goumas P. D. , Naxakis S. S. , Rentzis G. A. , Tsiotos P. D. , Papadas T. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBacteraemia or endocarditis caused by Streptococcus bovis, a non-enterococcal group D streptococcus, is a very common finding in patients suffering from intestinal tumours or other colon diseases. A case of a patient with a lateral neck abscess caused by S. bovis is reported. During the treatment the patient was found to have colonic malignant lesions. The problems in the appropriate diagnosis and the possible correlation between these two clinical entities are presented and discussed.
Large endolymphatic sac. A congenital deformity of the inner ear shown by magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Phelps P. D. , Mahoney C. F. O. , Luxon L. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFluctuant and progressive hearing impairment in a patient with a wide vestibular aqueduct has been called the ‘large vestibular aqueduct syndrome’. Recently reports of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies describe enlargement of the endolymphatic sac and duct in patients shown to have large vestibular aqueducts by computed tomography (CT). A patient with progressive deafness was shown to have borderline or slightly enlarged vestibular aqueducts by re-formatted sagittal CT. However, MRI in axial and sagittal planes gave a more satisfactory demonstration of both aqueduct and endolymphatic sac enlargement.
Aberrant common carotid artery encountered during free jejunal graft repair of oesophageal stricture
Authors: Prior M. J. , Johnson I. J. M. , Jones K. , Sharp J. F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe origin and course of the carotid arterial sysem in the superior mediastinum and neck are remarkably constant. Although variations are rare, they can have important implications in certain clinical problems. In this report, a patient underwent free jejunal graft repair of a cervical oesophageal stricture caused by radiotherapy for a post-cricoid carcinoma. The common carotid artery on the side of the surgical approach was found to cross the midline to the other side of the neck, and created difficulties both with the procedure and future management. This has not been previously reported.
Tumours and pseudotumorous lesions of the temporomandibular joint: a diagnostic challenge
Authors: Allias-Montmayeur Fabienne , Durroux Régine , Dodart Laurent , Combelles Roger 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTumours and pseudotumorous lesions originating from the synovial membrane of the temporomandibular joint are rare. We report a series of six cases of such disorders. There were two cases of synovial chondromatosis, two of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease, one nodular synovitis and one synovial sarcoma. Three patients were female and three were male. Their ages ranged from 36 to 70 years. All had atypical clinical and radiographical presentation. The prevalence, clinical and radiographical findings and pathological features of each disease entity are discussed and a review of the literature is made concerning all tumours and pseudotumours arising from the temporomandibular joint.
Prevalence of otitis media with effusion in multicultural schools in Hong Kong
Authors: Rushton H. C. , Yue V. , Wormald P. J. , van Hasselt C. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe prevalence of otitis media with effusion (OME) in Asia has only been studied in a limited fashion. This preliminary study forms part of a larger study aiming to establish the prevalence of OME in Hong Kong. One hundred and seventy-seven children (from multicultural schools) between the ages of five and 6.03 years were screened for OME using otoscopy and tympanometry. Nine positive screens (5.1 per cent) were obtained for OME. Within this mixed ethnic group, Chinese children had a significantly lower point prevalence (1.3 per cent) than Caucasian children (9.5 per cent) (p<0.05). Although the point prevalence from this mixed ethnic group of children was significantly higher (p<0.05) than that of local Chinese school children (1.95 per cent) by the same group of investigators, the point prevalence in the ethnic Chinese children was comparable. The reason for the lower prevalence of OME in the Chinese population needs further research.
A consideration of the effect of ear canal resonance and hearing loss upon white noise generators for tinnitus retraining therapy
Authors: Baguley David M. , Beynon Graham J. , Thornton Frances 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTinnitus retraining therapy has been heralded as a major advance in the alleviation of tinnitus perception. A cornerstone of this technique is to use white noise produced by a white noise generator (WNG) over a period of several months in order to assist the patient to habituate to their tinnitus. There are three factors which influence the frequency spectrum of the perceived noise such that the perception of white noise from a WNG is unlikely. These factors are the actual spectrum of the emitted noise, the ear canal resonance of the patient and the hearing sensitivity of the patient.Advocates of tinnitus retraining therapy state that white noise is the optimal stimulation to assist habituation of tinnitus. This paper demonstrates that this optimal situation is unlikely to be achieved and that this may account for the long periods needed for patients to achieve benefit from the technique. The development of devices that allow for the above factors to be countered is suggested.
Teeth in the maxillary sinus – imaging and management
Authors: Bodner Lipa , Tovi Ferit , Bar-Ziv Jacob 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the images obtained by CT in diagnosis and treatment plan of teeth in the maxillary sinus.MethodsTwelve patients with teeth in the maxillary sinus were studied by plain film radiography(PFR) and by CT with a dental software programme, which displays multiple panoramic and cross-sectional views of the mandible and maxilla. The three-dimensional morphology of the tooth, its inclination, proximity to the sinus wall, surgical planning and prediction of prognosis and complications were estimated on both PFR and on CT scans and scored.ResultsThe radiographical features interpreted from PFR were fair or poorly diagnosed whereas CT provided excellent features. The surgical approach of choice was based on CT interpretation.ConclusionCT is useful for diagnosis and treatment planning of teeth in the maxillary antrum.
Diagnostic importance of the nucleolar organizer regions in Wegener's granulomatosis
Authors: Yue Wen L. , Ma Zheng Z. , Sun Zhi H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe number and distribution pattern of silver staining nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) were thought to reflect the cellular proliferative activity and the malignancy of tumours. Using a silver-staining method, the variations of AgNORs have been studied in patients with atypical inflammatory lesion (n = 5), malignant reticulosis (n = 5) and Wegener's granulomatosis (n = 6). Our results reveal that there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.01), highly suggestive of a difference in AgNOR counts between the atypical inflammatory lesion and Wegener's granulomatosis, with the Wegener's granulomatosis specimens having the higher irregular AgNORs, but the difference between Wegener's granulomatosis and malignant reticulosis is probably not clinically important. It is concluded that AgNORs may be useful in differentiating Wegener's granulomatosis from an atypical inflammatory lesion, and the simplified counting technique is adequate for the purpose.
Adult obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and tonsillectomy
Authors: Houghton D. J. , Camilleri A. E. , Stone P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA surgical cure for adult obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is an attractive alternative to nasal continuous positive airway pressure, but current research suggests that uvulopalatopharyngoplasty is not effective in all patients. No subgroup of these patients, who might benefit from surgery to the oropharynx, has as yet been identified. In this study we examined the results of tonsillectomy either as an isolated procedure or as part of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in seven patients, who had tonsillomegaly. In all seven there was a short-term improvement between the pre-operative and post-operative apnoea/hypoapnoea (A/H) index (100-65 per cent), which could not be accounted for by change in the body mass index (BMI). In one patient a diagnosis of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was made from histological examination of the tonsils. The results suggest that adult patients with tonsillomegaly may represent a subgroup of patients with OSAS, who would benefit from surgery aimed at the oropharynx.
Metastatic carcinoma of the temporal bone presenting as glomus jugulare and glomus tympanicum tumours: a description of two cases
Authors: Hellier W. P. L. , Crockard H. A. , Cheesman A. D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwo cases of metastatic carcinoma of the temporal bone, that simulated glomus tumours on thorough preoperative evaluation are described. Although rare, metastatic spread to this area is recognized, but presentation in this way is unique.
Occult sphenoid sinusitis presenting clinically as parotid swelling: A case report
Authors: Balraj A. , Abramovich S. , Shorvon P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of occult sphenoid sinusitis was diagnosed by an MRI scan in a patient who presented clinically with meningism and unilateral parotid swelling. Although the patient improved with a prolonged course of antibiotics complete resolution occurred only after surgical drainage of the affected sinus.
Cochlear implantation: a review of the literature and the Nijmegen results
Authors: Makhdoum Mohammad Jamal A. , Snik Ad F. M. , van den Broek Paul 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe field of cochlear implantation is developing rapidly. In subjects with bilateral profound deafness who gain no benefit from conventional hearing aids the aim of cochlear implantation is to provide a means for them to receive auditory sensations. Throughout the world, most cochlear implant centres are still continuing their research efforts to improve the results with this technique. Although it is still difficult to predict how an individual will perform with a cochlear implant, the success of cochlear implantation can no longer be denied. In this paper, we review some recent papers and reports, and the results of the various Nijmegen cochlear implant studies. Data about subject selection, examinations, surgery and the outcome are discussed. Our results were in good agreement with those of other authors. It can be concluded once again that cochlear implantation is an effective treatment for postlingually deaf adults and children, and for prelingually (congenital or acquired) deaf children with profound bilateral sensorineural deafness.
Congenital and early-onset bilateral hearing impairment in children: the delay in detection
Authors: Vartiainen Eero , Karjalainen Seppo 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA retrospective review of 168 consecutive children with congenital or early-onset bilateral hearing impairment (>25 dB, 0.5–4 kHz, in the better hearing ear) was conducted. Only 39 per cent of the hearingimpaired children were diagnosed within the first two years of life. The age at diagnosis was related to the severity of hearing loss with profound (>95 dB) hearing losses being detected earlier than the other degrees. However, 37 per cent of children with severe to profound (>70 dB) hearing loss were still not diagnosed until after two years of age. Children with severe to profound hearing loss and with known risk factors were diagnosed earlier than children with the same hearing status but with no known risk factors. It was concluded that the behavioural hearing screening tests used in our well-baby clinics are insufficient and, therefore, more reliable methods, preferably evoked otoacoustic emissions, should be used for universal hearing screening of infants and young children in spite of the great cost.