bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-communicable diseases in Saudi adolescents: prevalence, risk factors, and implications for public health
Authors: Almuqbil Mansour , Rabbani Syed Imam , Gilkaramenthi Rafiulla , Aljawadi Mohammad , Alsanie Walaa F. , Alamri Abdulhakeem S. , Alhomrani Majid , Alrouwaijeh Sara , Alshammary Amal F. , Imran Mohd , Asdaq Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among Saudi adolescents, focusing on obesity, conduct disorder, asthma, and anxiety, and to identify potential risk factors associated with these conditions.MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from 2,160 adolescents sourced from official government databases and peer-reviewed literature. Statistical methods included one-way ANOVA, chi-square tests, logistic regression, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient, with significance set at p &lt; 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval.ResultsThe prevalence of NCDs among Saudi adolescents was 11.8%. Obesity was the most common condition (odds ratio [OR] = 1.24, p = 0.006), followed by conduct disorder (OR = 1.12, p = 0.041), asthma (OR = 1.09, p = 0.036), and anxiety (OR = 1.06, p = 0.042). Pearson’s correlation revealed significant associations between these disorders and adolescence stages.ConclusionObesity, conduct disorder, asthma, and anxiety are significant health challenges for Saudi adolescents. These findings highlight the role of lifestyle factors such as diet and physical inactivity. Targeted interventions are needed to promote healthy behaviors and mitigate the long-term risks of these conditions.
Assessment of fluoride bio-accessibility in early childhood diets
Authors: Kronic Jelena , Duckworth Ralph M. , Angione Claudio , Levy Steven M. , Zohoori Fatemeh Vida 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionCurrently available dietary recommendations for fluoride provided as “adequate intake” (AI) and “tolerable upper intake level” (UL) assume 100% fluoride availability for utilization by the body, which is often not the case. To prevent the development of dental fluorosis, AI and UL values must include fluoride bioavailability. However, the lack of data on fluoride bioavailability/bio-accessibility has hindered progress so far. This study aimed to measure fluoride bio-accessibility of the dietary sources commonly consumed by children below four years of age.MethodsA total of 103 food and meal samples were purchased, prepared, and analyzed for fluoride content, subjected to a standardized static in vitro digestion procedure and subsequent determination of fluoride concentration of resultant mixtures necessary for the final fluoride bio-accessibility calculation. Fluoride concentrations before and after in vitro digestion were determined directly using a fluoride-ion-selective electrode after addition of TISAB III, or indirectly by an acid diffusion method. Additionally, fluoride concentration of milk samples was determined using a combination of microwave-assisted acid digestion and the direct method of fluoride analysis.ResultsMean (SD) fluoride bio-accessibility for individual food samples was 44.7% (37.5%). The mean (SD) fluoride bio-accessibilities for meals created with juice, carbonated drinks, tap water, and milk were 79.0% (21.9%), 64.3% (20.7%), 40.2% (20.9%), and 71.5% (17.1%), respectively. For the rest of the meals with no common mixing agent, the mean (SD) fluoride bio-accessibility was 50.8% (55.9%).ConclusionThe majority of dietary sources analyzed in this project resulted in fluoride bio-accessibilities below 100%, indicating incomplete utilization of consumed fluoride. As the first study of its kind, these findings represent a critical initial step for future research and provide valuable insights to inform policymakers and health authorities in revising fluoride intake guidelines.
The use of kinematic photogrammetry and LiDAR for reconstruction of a unique object with extreme topography: a case study of Dutchman’s Cap, Baltic seacoast, Lithuania
Authors: Ruzgienė Birutė , Kuklienė Lina , Kuklys Indrius , Jankauskienė Dainora , Lousada Sérgio 
Published: February 2025

Nowadays, the development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in conjunction with Photogrammetry and LiDAR technologies, has revolutionized the collection of geospatial data. These technologies enable the acquisition of very high-resolution images and dense point clouds. They also allow the generation of aerial mapping products and simulations of geospatial data for territories that are difficult to access using traditional surveying methods. The paper deals with the use of kinematic remote sensing technique for the study of surface with extreme topography as is a near-vertical cliff named Olandian hat situated in the Seaside regional park on the Baltic sea coast of Lithuania. This area has been significantly eroded by the sea due to the climatic changes of the last few decades, which have caused substantial damage to the coastline. Quantitative measurements show that coastal erosion has led to a retreat of up to [X] meters over the last [Y] years. In order to preserve this unique cultural object, needs to keep an observation on a regular basis (as monitoring) for capture the real situation. Applying an appropriate way for generation of the reliable and accurate spatial models of surface with extreme topography, four data sets were processed: images gained with the camera, oriented horizontally; images gained with the camera tilted at about 50°; combining both image sets collected from camera; LiDAR data. Point clouds and orthophoto maps were generated. The evaluation of aerial mapping products showed that the best accuracy was achieved with products derived from the combined image sets, based on the metric of RMSE, with a mean RMSE of 0.048 m in X, Y, and Z directions. The spatial model generated from LiDAR data is more accurate in Z direction. Correct representation of DEM was not possible using only image data from camera horizontally oriented.
“Space to see the future”? A political economy analysis of child and adolescent mental health and well-being in Ethiopia including routes for change
Authors: Engdawork Kibur , D’Ambruoso Lucia , Hailu Tsion , Yared Mahlet , Geletu Girma M. , Baraki Semere G. , Sebsibe Elias , Abbott Pamela 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundEthiopia faces significant mental health challenges; mental disorders are the leading non-communicable condition, and many adults experience symptoms by age 14–15. We examined structural, institutional, and agentic factors affecting child and adolescent mental well-being in Ethiopia. The aims were to describe the political, economic, social and policy contexts in which mental well-being exists; analysing power, interests, and the influence and resources key stakeholders bring to bear on decision-making processes related to child and adolescent well-being.MethodsWe used a Political Economy Analysis framework to identify structural and institutional features, networks of influence, and routes for change. Using this lens, a literature review was performed, supplemented with key informant interviews (n = 9).ResultsMultiple structural drivers of mental health problems were identified: globalized urbanization and social fragmentation, and political and economic systems characterized by economic ambition but entrenched poverty, aid dependency, conflict and civil war. Despite significant policy recognition and support, there was poor coordination between federal and regional structures and sectors, vastly insufficient resources, and low coverage especially in rural areas. Service delivery was further complicated by widespread and normalised violence against children and young people, low knowledge and awareness among children and families, entrenched stigma and gender inequities, and ethnic tensions, conflict and displacement. Overall, regional resource shortages drastically limited the collective agencies of service users and providers. Meanwhile, development programmes lack context and coordination. The analysis emphasizes an urgent need to enhance implementation support through targeted, contextually relevant mental health policies and programmes, and institutional expansion of spaces and processes for multisectoral working, especially between health and education. Development partners should align with statutory bodies as a mechanism to harmonise and contextualise.ConclusionThe government’s tendency to formulate national programs and strategies is positive, but lack of regional funding and support limit effectiveness. Schools and healthcare environments can play powerful roles supporting mental health, however, experience considerable challenges related to resourcing, and lack spaces and processes for multisectoral working. There is a pressing need to resource and support implementation and collaboration capabilities of the school community and healthcare sector to promote mental wellbeing and provide culturally engaged services.
Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the JAZ Gene Family in Artemisia argyi
Authors: Gong Zhanbin , Wu Xueshuang , Luo Yilin , Zhou Tianhong , Yang Zhenchao , Wu Yongjun 
Published: February 2025

Artemisia argyi H. Lév. & Vaniot (A. argyi) is a perennial herb belonging to the Asteraceae family and is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine. In the field of plant physiology, JAZ proteins play a central role in the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway, significantly affecting plant growth and development as well as responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. This study aims to identify and analyze the JAZ gene family of A. argyi. Through a genome-wide analysis of A. argyi. 18 JAZ genes were identified and classified into three subfamilies, based on phylogenetic relationships. Additionally, for this study, we comprehensively analyzed the physical and chemical properties, gene structure, chromosomal locations, conserved domains, cis-acting elements, and evolutionary relationships of these genes. The tissue-specific expression patterns of JAZ genes were obtained from transcriptome data, revealing distinct expression profiles across different tissues in A. argyi. Finally, this research identified a candidate JAZ gene, AarJAZ18, which is involved in the development of glandular trichomes in the leaves of A. argyi. Subsequently, the relative expression levels of AarJAZ18 in different tissues were validated using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). In summary, this study provides a foundation for further investigation into the functions of A. argyi JAZ genes and offers valuable gene resources for breeding superior varieties and enhancing germplasm innovation.
The NbCBP1-NbSAMS1 Module Promotes Ethylene Accumulation to Enhance Nicotiana benthamiana Resistance to Phytophthora parasitica Under High Potassium Status
Authors: Noorin Sadia , Du Youwei , Liu Yi , Wang Shuanghong , Wang Yan , Jia Hongchen , Hsiang Tom , Zhang Rong , Sun Guangyu 
Published: February 2025

Potassium (K) fertilization is crucial for plant resistance to pathogens, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigate the molecular mechanism by which the addition of K promotes resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana to Phytophthora parasitica. We found that N. benthamiana with high K content (HK, 52.3 g/kg) produced more ethylene in response to P. parasitica infection, compared to N. benthamiana with low-K content (LK, 22.4 g/kg). An exogenous ethylene application effectively increased resistance in LK N. benthamiana to the level under HK status, demonstrating the involvement of ethylene in the HK-associated resistance in N. benthamiana. Further, transcriptome analysis showed that NbSAMS1, encoding ethylene biosynthesis, was induced to upregulate P. parasitica about five times higher in HK than in LK N. benthamiana. NbSAMS1 overexpression enhanced resistance in LK plants, whereas NbSAMS1 silencing reduced resistance in HK plants, confirming its importance in conferring resistance. Furthermore, we identified a calcium-binding protein, NbCBP1, which interacted with NbSAMS1, promoting its expression in HK N. benthamiana. Silencing NbCBP1 compromised resistance in HK N. benthamiana, whereas its overexpression improved resistance in LK N. benthamiana. Notably, NbCBP1 protected NbSAMS1 from degradation by the 26S proteasome, thereby sustaining ethylene accumulation in HK N. benthamiana in response to P. parasitica infection. Thus, our research elucidated some mechanisms of the NbCBP1-NbSAMS1 module associated with disease resistance in HK N. benthamiana.
Enhanced Anti-Babesia Efficacy of Buparvaquone and Imidocarb When Combined with ELQ-316 In Vitro Culture of Babesia bigemina
Authors: Cardillo Natalia M. , Villarino Nicolas F. , Lacy Paul A. , Doggett Joseph S. , Riscoe Michael K. , Suarez Carlos E. , Ueti Massaro W. , Chung Chungwon J. 
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: B. bigemina is a highly pathogenic and widely distributed tick-borne disease parasite responsible for bovine babesiosis. The development of effective and safe therapies is urgently needed for global disease control. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of endochin-like quinolone (ELQ-316), buparvaquone (BPQ), imidocarb (ID), and the combinations of ID + ELQ-316 and BPQ + ELQ-316, on in vitro survival of B. bigemina. Methods: Parasites at a starting parasitemia level of 2%, were incubated with each single drug and a combination of drugs, ranging from 25 to 1200 nM of concentration over four consecutive days. The inhibitory concentrations, 50% (IC50%) and 99% (IC99%), were estimated. Parasitemia levels were evaluated daily using microscopic examination. Data were statistically compared using the non-parametrical Kruskall–Wallis test. Results: All drugs tested significantly inhibited (p < 0.05) the growth of B. bigemina at 2% parasitemia. The combination of ID + ELQ-316 exhibited a lower mean (IC50%: 9.2; confidence interval 95%: 8.7–9.9) than ID (IC50%: 61.5; confidence interval 95%: 59.54–63.46), ELQ-316 (IC50%: 48.10; confidence interval 95%: 42.76–58.83), BPQ (IC50%: 44.66; confidence interval 95%: 43.56–45.81), and BPQ + ELQ-316 (IC50%: 27.59; confidence interval: N/A). Parasites were no longer viable in cultures treated with the BPQ + ELQ-316 combination, as well as with BPQ alone at a concentration of 1200 nM, on days 2 and 3 of treatment, respectively. Conclusions: BPQ and ID increase the babesiacidal effect of ELQ-316. The efficacy of these combinations deserves to be evaluated in vivo, which could lead to a promising and safer treatment option for B. bigemina.
Aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos da lofomoníase: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Campos Clara Sessa , Santos Juan Uchida Ferrari , Gava Lara , Lakatos Lucas Lucindo , Lakatos Luiza Lucindo , Lorenzoni Silvia Maria Mauri , Silva Victor de Carvalho Teixeira , Almeida Yasmin Oliveira Gil de 
Published: February 2025

Introdução: O Lophomonas spp. é um protozoário anaeróbio multiflagelado identificado como agente etiológico de infecções broncopulmonares chamadas de Lofomoníase, condição rara com pouco mais de 250 casos no mundo atual. O parasita está associado a imunossupressão do doente e a condições de higiene precárias em países subdesenvolvidos, infectando o hospedeiro através da liberação de cistos infecciosos ocasionando em diferentes desfechos clínicos. Objetivos: Evidenciar os fatores epidemiológicos da Lofomoníase pulmonar, caracterizando seus achados clínicos, os meios laboratoriais de diagnóstico e tratamentos propostos para elucidação da doença. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica da literatura realizada através do levantamento da base de dados Science Direct, Scielo, Public Knowledge Project, e revistas profissionais independentes, onde encontram-se artigos científicos que abrangem diferentes cenários clínicos da Lofomoníase. Discussão: Ainda que tenha um diagnóstico raro e incidental em seres humanos, há mais de 200 relatos confirmados na atualidade. É responsável por acometer principalmente indivíduos imunossupressos, em uso de corticoides, diabéticos, transplantados, e em associação com a tuberculose, sem epidemiologia clara. Por apresentar propagação via inalação dos cistos, as vias aéreas são as mais acometidas, de forma que sintomas broncopulmonares sejam os mais prevalentes. A visualização do parasita de forma laboratorial e exames radiológicos podem sugerir e confirmar a presença da patologia, e seu tratamento é usualmente realizado com doses individualizadas de Metronidazol. Conclusão: É imprescindível novas oportunidades de discussão a fim de reduzir o subdiagnóstico da Lofomoníase, além de uma investigação mais detalhada, experiência e conhecimento especializado.
All-perovskite multijunction solar modules that circumvent drawbacks of wide-bandgap top cells
Authors: Takeda Yasuhiko , Yamanaka Ken-ichi , Kato Naohiko 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
All-perovskite double- and triple-junction solar modules using monolithically series-interconnected structures provide many advantages including high conversion efficiency, scalability, lightweight, flexibility, etc. However, the wide-bandgap (WBG) top cells currently suffer from insufficiently high efficiency and durability. We proposed module configurations to circumvent these drawbacks of the WBG cells, by introducing an additional design parameter unique to large-sized modules: the subcell-width ratio. The top and bottom modules are designed so that their maximal-power voltages are approximately the same by tuning the subcell widths, and parallel-connected in the voltage-matched (VM) configuration. Another configuration is series-connection of the current-matched (CM) submodules. These configurations yield approximately the same or higher efficiencies than the conventional modules in which all the subcells of the same width are directly series-connected, along with eliminating the I/Br-phase-segregation problem of the WBG cells. The VM or CM modules are selected depending on the remaining degradation factors of the WBG cells.
HISTORITAS PERKEMBANGAN HADIS (DARI PERIODE KLASIK HINGGA KONTEMPORER)
Authors: Junaid bin Junaid  , Muh. Nasruddin A  
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
The history of the study of hadith from time to time experienced a very significant development, initially the study of hadith from oral to oral developed into writing, the change was nothing but a form of concern for the loss of the Prophet's traditions, the development of hadith reached its peak when entering the tabiin period precisely the reign of Caliph Umar bin Abdul Aziz, where hadith at this time was officially codified in order to overcome the spread of false traditions pioneered by the perpetrators of heresy. Furthermore, after the hadith was codified its development became very rapid, with the birth of canonical books of hadith until the emergence of terms of hadith scholarship that were oriented as hadith selectors (sanad criticism of hadith) and hadith sharh books appeared as explanations of the Prophet's traditions. Until the next period, the study of hadith shifted not only to sanad criticism but has entered criticism of the matan. Even along with the times that have entered the digital era, hadith began to be packaged in order to present the study of hadith more easily.

ABSTRAK
Sejarah kajian hadis dari masa ke masa mengalamai perkembangan yang sangat signifikan, mulanya kajian hadis dari lisan ke lisan berkembang menjadi tulisan, perubahan tersebut tak lain sebagai bentuk kekhawatiran akan hilangnya hadis-hadis Nabi SAW, perkembangan hadis mencapai puncaknya ketika memasuki periode tabiin tepatnya pemerintahan khalifah Umar bin Abdul Aziz, dimana hadis pada masa ini resmi dikodifikasi guna menanggulangi tersebarnya hadis-hadis palsu yang di pelopori oleh para pelaku bid’ah. Lebih lanjut, setelah hadis dikodifikasi perkembanganya menjadi sangat pesat, dengan lahirnya kitab-kitab kanonik hadis hingga muncul term-term keilmuan hadis yang berorientasi sebagai penyeleksi hadis (kritik sanad hadis) serta muncul pula kitab-kitab syarh hadis sebagai penjelas hadis-hadis Nabi SAW. Hingga periode selanjutnya kajian hadis beralih tidak hanya berkutat pada kritik sanad melainkan sudah memasuki kritik terhadap matan. Bahkan seiring dengan perkembangan zaman yang sudah memasuki era digital, hadis mulai di kemas di dalamnya guna menghadirkan pengkajian hadis dengan lebih mudah.
A NATION IN FLUX: MIGRATION, ISLAM AND THE REDEFINITION OF GERMAN NATIONAL IDENTITY
Authors: Alamshah Anisah , Suarayah  , Syamsadduha Saleh  , Yasse Mulla Shadra  
Published: February 2025

Germany, being the Western nation with the largest Muslim population in Europe - estimated at approximately 5.3 to 5.6 million people based on 2021 data from the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF) - has implemented highly restrictive and exclusive government policies toward Muslim immigrants. As a result, Islamophobia cases frequently grab headlines in German media, closely linked to the breakdown of multicultural policies that have fostered a negative portrayal of Islam. These cases often serve as manifestations of societal tensions and prejudices, exacerbating the perception of Muslims as the ‘other’ within German society. Based on descriptive research that depicts ongoing phenomena and aims to uncover the roots of discrimination in Germany, the study results indicate that through a deeper historical examination, Germany indeed has significant interactions with the Muslim world despite not having colonies. Multiculturalism in Germany, contrasting with its history, is believed to have emerged after World War II. A labor shortage prompted a substantial influx of immigrants, primarily from Africa, seeking work opportunities. Many arrived with their families, belonging to African ethnic groups and practicing Islam, contributing to the diverse fabric of Germany. This immigration-induced diversity played a pivotal role in shaping Germany into a multicultural society. As the immigrant populace continued to grow, its presence exerted influences on societal, political, and cultural landscapes. Social disparities between locals and immigrants sparked tensions, culminating in conflicts within shared living spaces and resulting in discriminatory and racist behaviors