bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pas de deux: the coordinated coupling of erythroid differentiation with the cell cycle
Authors: Socolovsky Merav 
Published: February 2024

Purpose of review
Recent work reveals that cell cycle duration and structure are remodeled in lock-step with distinct stages of erythroid differentiation. These cell cycle features have regulatory roles in differentiation, beyond the generic function of increasing cell number.

Recent findings
Developmental progression through the early erythroid progenitor stage (known as colony-forming-erythroid, or ‘CFU-e’) is characterized by gradual shortening of G1 phase of the cycle. This process culminates in a key transcriptional switch to erythroid terminal differentiation (ETD) that is synchronized with, and dependent on, S phase progression. Further, the CFU-e/ETD switch takes place during an unusually short S phase, part of an exceptionally short cell cycle that is characterized by globally fast replication fork speeds. Cell cycle and S phase speed can alter developmental events during erythroid differentiation, through pathways that are targeted by glucocorticoid and erythropoietin signaling during the erythroid stress response.

Summary
There is close inter-dependence between cell cycle structure and duration, S phase and replication fork speeds, and erythroid differentiation stage. Further, modulation of cell cycle structure and speed cycle impacts developmental progression and cell fate decisions during erythroid differentiation. These pathways may offer novel mechanistic insights and potential therapeutic targets.
A Descriptive Analysis
Authors: McHale Lindsay , Siddique Rumana , Gienapp Andrew J. , Bagwell Taylor 
Published: February 2024

ObjectivesInfants presenting to pediatric emergency departments (EDs) after a choking episode, cyanotic event, or irregular breathing pattern are often diagnosed with a brief, resolved, unexplained event (BRUE). Social determinants of health may affect these patients; therefore, we aimed to define population demographics and determine significant demographic predictors between 2 cohorts—infants presenting with BRUE, and those admitted to the intensive care unit.MethodsUsing data from the Pediatric Health Information System (Children's Hospital Association, Washington, DC, Lenexa, KS), this multicenter, retrospective study included children aged 0–1 year from 52 hospitals who presented with an International Classification of Diseases-10 coded primary diagnosis for BRUE/apparent life-threatening event (ALTE) between January 1, 2016, and June 30, 2021. Cohort 1 patients presented to the ED with BRUE; cohort 2 patients were admitted from the ED for BRUE. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed for both cohorts to discover possible demographic predictors.ResultsOverall, 24,027 patients were evaluated. Patient sex did not affect admission rates (odds ratio [OR] = 1.034; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.982–1.089;P= 0.2051). Black race (OR = 1.252; 95% CI, 1.177–1.332;P< 0.0001) and Medicaid insurance (OR = 1.126; 95% CI, 1.065–1.19;P< 0.0001) were significantly associated with an increased risk of admission. “Other” race (OR = 0.837; 95% CI, 0.777–0.902;P< 0.0001) and commercial insurance were significantly associated with a greater likelihood of discharge (OR = 0.888; 95% CI, 0.84–0.939;P< 0.0001).ConclusionsBlack race and Medicaid insurance predicted admission in this patient population, but demographics did not play a role in intensive care unit admission overall. Social determinants of health and demographics therefore appeared to play a role in admission for patients presenting to the ED. Future research could evaluate the effect of focused interventions, such as providing additional resources to socially at-risk families through community outreach, on admission rates of patients with these specific at-risk demographics.
Reducing Unnecessary Transfusions of RBCs in Inpatients Admitted Across Niagara Health Community Hospitals
Authors: Yousef Yazan Abu , Bagchee-Clark Ashis , Walters Krista , Green Mary , Salib Mary , Chander Ankush , Law Madelyn P. , Refaei Mohammad 
Published: February 2024

Background and Objectives:
Blood products are scarce resources. Audits on the use of red blood cells (RBCs) in tertiary centers have repeatedly highlighted inappropriate use. Earlier retrospective audit at our local community hospitals has demonstrated that only 85% and 54% of all requests met Choosing Wisely Canada guidelines for pre-transfusion hemoglobin (Hb) of 80 g/L or less and single unit, respectively. We sought to improve RBC utilization by 15% over a period of 12 months (meeting Choosing Wisely Canada criteria of pre-transfusion Hb ≤80g/L by >80% and single-unit transfusion by >65%).

Methods:
Following repeated PDSA (Plan-Do-Study-Act) cycles, we implemented educational strategies, prospective transfusion medicine (TM) technologist–led screening of orders, and an RBC order set.

Results:
The 3-month median percentages of appropriate RBC use for pre-transfusion Hb and single unit (September-November 2021) across all 3 hospitals were 90% and 71%, respectively. Overall, the rate of appropriate RBCs based on pre-transfusion Hb remained above target (>80%), with minimal improvement across all hospitals (median percentage at pre- and post-technologist screening periods of 87% and 90%, respectively). The median percentage of appropriate RBCs based on single-unit transfusion orders has improved across all Niagara Health hospitals with sustained targets (3-month median percentage at pre- and post-technologist screening and most recent time periods of 54%, 56%, and 71%, respectively).

Conclusions:
We have taken a collaborative, multifaceted approach to optimizing utilization of RBCs across the Niagara Health hospitals. The rates of appropriate RBC use were comparable with the provincial and national accreditation benchmark standards. In particular, the TM technologist–led screening was effective in producing sustained improvement with respect to single-unit transfusion. One of the balancing outcomes was increasing workload on technologists. Local and provincial efforts are needed to facilitate recruitment and retention of laboratory technologists, especially in community hospitals.
Development of Research Core Competencies for Academic Practice Among Health Professionals: A Mixed-Methods Approach
Authors: Ruco Arlinda , Morassaei Sara , Di Prospero Lisa 
Published: February 2024

Background and Objectives:
Of the 4 pillars of academic practice for nursing and allied health, research has been the least developed and no standard competency framework exists that is embedded in health professional scopes of practice. The objective of this article is to report on the preliminary development and pilot-testing of research and academic scholarship core competencies for nonphysician health professionals working within a large urban academic health sciences center.

Methods:
We conducted an internal and external environmental scan and multiphase consultation process to develop research and academic core competencies for health professionals working within an interprofessional setting.

Results:
The final framework outlines 3 levels of research proficiency (novice, proficient, and advanced) and the relevant roles, specific competencies, and observable actions and/or activities for each proficiency level.

Conclusions:
Organizations should consider the integration of the framework within performance management processes and the development of a road map and self-assessment survey to track progress over time and support health professionals with their academic practice goals.
Shifting the paradigm of social withdrawal: a new era of coexisting pathological and non-pathological hikikomori
Authors: Kato Takahiro A. , Sartorius Norman , Shinfuku Naotaka 
Published: February 2024

Purpose of review
Social withdrawal syndrome, known as “hikikomori,” has been highlighted since the late 1990 s in Japan. Hikikomori is more common in urban areas, and often comorbid with mental disorders, and now spreading throughout the world. In the post-COVID-19 era, not outing is no longer considered pathological in itself as the “new normal,” and a novel concept of hikikomori is needed. This review summarizes the concept of hikikomori, and presents the latest methods for identification of hikikomori.

Recent findings
The novel definition can distinguish between pathological and non-pathological hikikomori using the scale of “Hikikomori Diagnostic Evaluation (HiDE),” which has been developed in the hikikomori research lab at Kyushu University. An online survey among non-working adults has revealed that persons who have become pathological hikikomori for less than three months showed a particularly strong tendency toward gaming disorder and depression.

Summary
Now, physical isolation itself is not pathological, but when dysfunction and distress are present, rapid mental health support should be provided. In the novel urban society, the establishment of a checkup system to assess whether persons who stay home are happy or suffering is important for prevention against mental disorders triggered by social isolation.
Contact-line bending energy controls phospholipid vesicle adhesion
Authors: Hill Reghan J. , Al-Amodi Adel 
Published: February 2024

Phospholipid bilayer bending energy is often discarded in the analysis of vesicle adhesion on the basis of a dimensionless parameter

w
=
−
Δ
U

R
0
2

/

κ
b

≫
1

(interaction energy

Δ
U

, spherical radius

R
0

, bending rigidity

κ
b

), considered a regime of strong adhesion. In this study, we propose a model by which bending energy in a singular proximity of the contact line balances the adhesion energy. This is developed for a regime in which the membrane correlation length

ξ

is small compared with the vesicle radius

R
0

, so a spherical cap with circular footprint presents an effective contact angle

θ

. Experiments are conducted in which the adhesion of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) vesicles to hyaluronic acid hydrogel substrates is controlled by tuning the van der Waals attraction with systematic change in the hydrogel concentration. Theoretical interpretation of the data furnishes a dimensionless model parameter

α
≈
2
–
10

for contact angles

θ
≈
20
–

80
∘

, beyond which vesicles collapse into discs. We show that the van der Waals interaction energy varies in the range

−
Δ
U
≈
0.14
–
0.68

μ

J

m

−
2

in response to varying the hydrogel concentration in a range

c

ha

≈
2
–
10

%. The analysis provides a foundation for exploring vesicle–hydrogel interactions with electro-steric influences; these are poorly understood but pertinent in a wide variety of biological and technological applications.
Optogenetic fMRI reveals therapeutic circuits of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation
Authors: Li Yuhui , Lee Sung-Ho , Yu Chunxiu , Hsu Li-Ming , Wang Tzu-Wen W. , Do Khoa , Kim Hyeon-Joong , Shih Yen-Yu Ian , Grill Warren M. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryWhile deep brain stimulation (DBS) is widely employed for managing motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD), its exact circuit mechanisms remain controversial. To identify the neural targets affected by therapeutic DBS in PD, we analyzed DBS-evoked whole brain activity in female hemi-parkinsonian rats using function magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We delivered subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS at various stimulation pulse repetition rates using optogenetics, allowing unbiased examinations of cell-type specific STN feed-forward neural activity. Unilateral STN optogenetic stimulation elicited pulse repetition rate-dependent alterations of blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) signals in SNr (substantia nigra pars reticulata), GP (globus pallidus), and CPu (caudate putamen). Notably, these manipulations effectively ameliorated pathological circling behavior in animals expressing the kinetically faster Chronos opsin, but not in animals expressing ChR2. Furthermore, mediation analysis revealed that the pulse repetition rate-dependent behavioral rescue was significantly mediated by optogenetically induced activity changes in GP and CPu, but not in SNr. This suggests that the activation of GP and CPu are critically involved in the therapeutic mechanisms of STN DBS.
Paced Breathing With a Prolonged Inspiratory Period Increases Sympathetic Activity: A Heart and Brain Analysis
Authors: Joaquim Miguel S. , Moreira Carlos 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTPaced breathing exercises with prolonged exhalation have been commonly used to reduce stress and anxiety by stimulating parasympathetic activity. However, increasing sympathetic activity may also provide benefits such as increased alertness and energy levels. In this work, we investigate the physiological impact of an 80-second breathing exercise with a prolonged inspiratory period of 6 seconds followed by 2 seconds of exhalation on the sympathetic system. We collected raw two-channel prefrontal electroencephalography and photoplethysmography signals of 19 subjects using EMOTAI’s headband while performing the proposed exercise every workday for 2 weeks straight. Physiological metrics such as heart rate, heart rate variability, and absolute power of the brain waves were extracted before and during the exercise to measure its effectiveness. A marked increase in beta wave power was observed, along with a significant increase in both heart rate and heart rate variability. The cardiovascular results indicate that the proposed exercise effectively raised sympathetic activity. Simultaneously, the observed neural activity is consistent with that seen during focused attention and heightened mental processing.
A novel interface for cortical columnar neuromodulation with multi-point infrared neural stimulation
Authors: Tian Fei-Yan , Zhang Ying , Schriver Kenneth E. , Hu Jia-Ming , Roe Anna Wang 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTCutting edge advances in electrical visual cortical prosthetics have evoked perception of shapes, motion, and letters in the blind. Here, we present an alternative optical approach using pulsed infrared neural stimulation. To interface with dense arrays of cortical columns with submillimeter spatial precision, both linear array and 100-fiber bundle array optical fiber interfaces were devised. We delivered infrared stimulation through these arrays in anesthetized cat visual cortex and monitored effects by optical imaging in contralateral visual cortex. INS modulation of response to ongoing visual oriented gratings produced enhanced responses in orientation-matched domains and suppressed responses in non-matched domains, consistent with a known higher order integration mediated by callosal inputs. Controls included dynamically applied speeds, directions and patterns of multipoint stimulation. This provides groundwork for a distinct type of prosthetic targeted to maps of visual cortical columns.
A versatile reporter system to study cell-to-cell and cell-free bovine leukemia virus infection
Authors: Rammauro Florencia , Fló Martín , Carrión Federico , Ortega Claudia , Di Nunzio Francesca , Vallmitjana Alexander , Pritsch Otto , Olivero-Deibe Natalia 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTBovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a B-lymphotropic oncogenic retrovirus of the genusDeltaretrovirusthat infects dairy cattle worldwide and is the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis. BLV demonstrates remarkably low efficiency in infecting cells via free viral particles derived from infected B cells, as virions are rarely detected in the bloodstream of infected cattle. However, transmission efficacy significantly increases upon the establishment of direct cell-to-cell interactions. Syncytium formation assays are the main tool in the study of BLV infectivity. Although this traditional method is highly robust, the complexity of visually counting syncytia poses a significant technical challenge. Using lentiviral vectors, we generated a stable reporter cell line, in which the GFP reporter gene is under the control of the full-length BLV-LTR. We have demonstrated that the BLV-Tax protein and histone deacetylases inhibitors, such as VPA and TSA, can transactivate the BLV LTR. Upon co-culturing the reporter cell line with BLV-infected cells, fluorescent syncytia can be visualized. By implementing automated scanning and image acquisition using a confocal microscope, together with the development of an analysis software, we can detect and measure single GFP cells and fluorescent multinucleated cells. In summary, our reporter cell line, combined with the development of analysis software, is a useful tool for understanding the role of cell fusion and cell-free mechanism of transmission in BLV infection.
Nanoscale architecture and dynamics of CaV1.3 channel clusters in cardiac myocytes revealed by single channel nanoscopy
Authors: Schwenzer Niko , Tsukanov Roman , Kohl Tobias , Basak Samrat , Sobitov Izzatullo , Seibertz Fitzwilliam , Kapoor Rohan , Voigt Niels , Enderlein Jörg , Lehnart Stephan E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe clustering of L-type calcium channels for functional regulation of intracellular calcium signaling remains poorly understood. Here we applied super-resolution imaging to study CaV1.3 channel clusters in human iPSC-derived atrial cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-aCM) to analyze subcellular localization, dimensions, architecture, and dynamics, which were largely unexplored previously. STimulated Emission Depletion (STED) imaging characterized the localization and structure of CaV1.3 channel clusters in living cardiomyocytes. DNA Points Accumulation for Imaging in Nanoscale Topography (DNA-PAINT) achieved true molecular resolution, revealing an irregular channel distribution with substantial spacing. Single Particle Tracking (SPT) showed that channels co-diffuse in confined and stationary membrane nanodomains. The cytosolic C-terminal tail of CaV1.3 by itself was found sufficient for cluster formation. In conclusion, our LTCC clustering studies demonstrate that CaV1.3 channel clusters consist of mobile individual channels inside defined membrane nanodomains, in contrast to previous models of dense channel packing.
Prospects for direct detection of black hole formation in neutron star mergers with next-generation gravitational-wave detectors
Authors: Dhani Arnab , Radice David , Schütte-Engel Jan , Gardner Susan , Sathyaprakash Bangalore , Logoteta Domenico , Perego Albino , Kashyap Rahul 
Published: February 2024

A direct detection of black hole formation in neutron star mergers would provide invaluable information about matter in neutron star cores and finite temperature effects on the nuclear equation of state. We study black hole formation in neutron star mergers using a set of 190 numerical relativity simulations consisting of long-lived and black-hole-forming remnants. The postmerger gravitational-wave spectrum of a long-lived remnant has greatly reduced power at a frequency f greater than fpeak, for f≳4  kHz, with fpeak∈[2.5,4]  kHz. On the other hand, black-hole-forming remnants exhibit excess power in the same large f region and manifest exponential damping in the time domain characteristic of a quasinormal mode. We demonstrate that the gravitational-wave signal from a collapsed remnant is indeed a quasinormal ringing. We report on the opportunity for direct detections of black hole formation with next-generation gravitational-wave detectors such as Cosmic Explorer and Einstein Telescope and set forth the tantalizing prospect of such observations up to a distance of 100 Mpc for an optimally oriented and located source with an SNR of 4.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Estimating stable fixed points and Langevin potentials for financial dynamics
Authors: Wand Tobias , Wiedemann Timo , Harren Jan , Kamps Oliver 
Published: February 2024

The geometric Brownian motion (GBM) is a standard model in quantitative finance, but the potential function of its stochastic differential equation (SDE) cannot include stable nonzero prices. This article generalizes the GBM to an SDE with polynomial drift of order q and shows via model selection that q=2 is most frequently the optimal model to describe the data. Moreover, Markov chain Monte Carlo ensembles of the accompanying potential functions show a clear and pronounced potential well, indicating the existence of a stable price.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Design methodology for combustor in advanced gas turbine engines: a review
Authors: Kim Insong , Jin Hakson , Ri Kwangsong , Hyon Sunbong , Huang Cholhui 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
A combustor design is a particularly important and difficult task in the development of gas turbine engines. During studies for accurate and easy combustor design, reasonable design methodologies have been established and used in engine development. The purpose of this paper is to review the design methodology for combustor in development of advanced gas turbine engines. The advanced combustor development task can be successfully achieved in less time and at lower cost by adopting new and superior design methodologies.

Design/methodology/approach
The review considers the main technical problems (combustion, cooling, fuel injection and ignition technology) in the development of modern combustor design and deals with combustor design methods by dividing it into preliminary design, performance evaluation, optimization and experiment. The advanced combustion and cooling technologies mainly used in combustor design are mentioned in detail. In accordance with the modern combustor design method, the design mechanisms are considered and the methods used in every stage of the design are reviewed technically.

Findings
The improved performances and strict emission limits of gas turbine engines require the application of advanced technologies when designing combustors. The optimized design mechanism and reasonable performance evaluation methods are very important in reducing experiments and increasing the effectiveness of the design.

Originality/value
This paper provides a comprehensive review of the design methodology for the advanced gas turbine engine combustor.
Factors affecting intention to adopt green building practices: a journey towards meeting sustainable goals
Authors: Siddiqui Rabbia Aslam , Adamu Zulfikar , Ebohon Obas John , Aslam Wajeeha 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
The construction industry and its activities harmfully affect the environment. Hence, adopting green building (GRB) practices can be helpful in achieving sustainable development goals. Therefore, this study aims to identify the factors affecting the intention to adopt GRB practices by extending theory of planned behavior (TPB).

Design/methodology/approach
Using non-probability purposive sampling technique, data was gathered from consultant and contractor engineers in the construction industry through a questionnaire. The analysis was done using partial least square-structural equation modeling technique on a useful sample of 290.

Findings
Findings revealed that the core constructs of TPB [i.e. attitude (AT), subjective norms (SUBN) and perceived behavioral control (PBC)] significantly affect the intention to adopt GRB practices. Moreover, government support and knowledge of green practices (KNGP) were found to be critical influencing factors on AT, SUBNs and PBC. Lastly, the findings confirmed that environmental concerns (ENC) play as a moderating between SUBN and intention to adopt GRB practices, as well as AT and intention to adopt GRB practices.

Practical implications
This study contributes to existing knowledge on GRB, offering evidence base for policy choices regarding climate change adaptation and mitigation in the construction industry.

Originality/value
This study provides insights from the perspective of a developing economy and confirms the applicability of TPB in the adoption of GRB practices. Moreover, this study confirms the moderation role of ENC in between TPB constructs and intention to GRB that is not tested earlier in the context of GRB. This study also confirms that government sustainable support positively affects PBC, and KNGP significantly affects SUBNs.