bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FliK regulates flagellar hook length as an internal ruler
Authors: Shibata Satoshi , Takahashi Noriko , Chevance Fabienne F. V. , Karlinsey Joyce E. , Hughes Kelly T. , Aizawa Shin‐Ichi 
Published: May 2007

SummaryThe mechanism of length control of the flagellar hook is under debate between two theories. One claims that the FliK directly measures the hook length as a molecular ruler, while the other claims that the cytoplasmic substructure measures the amount of hook subunits to determine the hook length. Both agree that the FliK C‐terminal domain catalyses the substrate‐specificity switch to terminate hook elongation. In this study, we systematically created fliK mutants with deletions and insertions at various sites within the FliK N‐terminal domain and analysed their effects on the final hook length. Insertions of peptide fragments from the Yersinia YscP into FliK gave rise to hooks with defined lengths, which was proportional to the molecular size of the FliK‐YscP chimeras. Among fliK deletion mutants, only those with small truncations in three specific sites of FliK produced hooks of a defined, shortened length. For the majority of deletion mutants, FliK was secreted, but hook length was not controlled. On the other hand, for some deletion mutants FliK was not secreted, but the hook length was controlled, indicating that FliK secretion is not necessary for hook‐length control. We conclude that FliK regulates hook length as an internal molecular ruler.
Disseminated Nevus Anelasticus
Authors: Crivellato Enrico 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT: A 23‐year‐old man presented with a diffuse and fine wrinkling of the skin of his back and trunk. Skin lesions had first appeared about 5 years earlier and resulted from coalescing of multiple, flat, pirkish‐red papules, a few millimeters in diameter. A diagnosis of widespread cutaneous elastic hamartoma was made.Histology revealed a focal disappearance of elastic fibers within circumscribed areas of the dermis. The pattern of the dermal collagen and reticulin was normal. No concomitant changes in the bone density were recognized by x‐ray, excluding the Buschke‐Ollendorff syndrome. Therefore, we call this case “disseminated nevus anelasticus.”
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising in Porokeratosis of Mibelli
Authors: James William D. , Rodman O. G. 
Published: May 2007

A 54‐year‐old woman had a linear unilateral skin lesion since age 6. Neither her parents nor her five sihlings have similar lesions. Six months prior, an ulcer developed within the abnormal skin at the flexor aspect of the right ankle.On physical examination, a linear papular dermatosis was present along the right arm from the wrist to the shoulder, along the right leg from the instep to the buttocks, and across the right flank to the umbilicus. It consisted of numerous 0.5‐to 1.0‐cm oval papules with an atrophic, sometimes red‐hrown center and a raised edge. At the flexor aspect of the right ankle was a 2‐cm ulcer (Fig. 1). The inguinal nodes were not enlarged. Results of a chest x‐ray examination and liver function tests were normal.A biopsy specimen of a typical papule revealed an atrophic epidermis bordered on two sides by coronoid lamellae (Fig. 2). Histologic sections from the ulcer edge showed a proliferation of atypical squamous cells arising from the epidermis that extended into the lower dermis (Fig. 3).A diagnosis of linear porokeratosis of Mibelli with associated sec was made. Surgical excision of the SCC with fullthickness skin grafting was done. No further malignancies have developed in the ensuing 2 years.
Hydralazine‐Induced Fixed Drug Eruption
Authors: Sehgal V. N. , Gangwaani O. P. 
Published: May 2007

A 62‐year‐old man had known hypertension for the past 6 years and had been under medical supervision for its control. Three years ago, his therapeutic regimen had included dihydralazine sulfate for the control of hypertension. He had responded favorably for the initial 3 months. Subsequently, he noticed an erythematous eruption confined to the nose and upper lip. It was preceded and accompanied by the burning sensation. The attending physician took cognizance of this episode and henceforth stopped dihydralazine sulfate. In a couple of weeks, symptoms and signs subsided, leaving behind pigmentation. The patient did not consume this particular drug for a couple of years. Two days prior to reporting to us, he had once again taken the same drug and had a flare‐up precisely confined to the earlier site.Examination of skin surface revealed a bluish‐black, edematous, irregular macule surrounded by an erythematous halo. It was confined to the bridge of the nose, extending to involve the right ala nasi, nasolabial fold, and adjoining part of the upper lip.Before embarking on a provocation test, a detailed drug history was elicited again. It was revealed that the patient had been taking propranolol and diazepam regularly. Dihydralazine sulfate was taken only as a complement to the regular treatment without any instruction from the attending physician, who was surprised this time by the exacerbation of the lesion. This prompted us to identify dihydralazine sulfate as the offending drug. Accordingly, the provocation with this drug was initiated with 12.5 mg orally, and the dose was increased to 37.5 mg on the third day. With the latter dose, 2 hours after the administration of drug, the patient experienced burning, erythema, and edema in the lesion, and an erythematous halo appeared around the lesion, corresponding to the previous site. The other drugs did not evoke any positive response.
The Morphology of Keratohyalin Granules in Orthokeratotic and Parakerataotic Skin and Oral Mucosa
Authors: Westerhof W. , Dingemans K. P. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT: We compared morphologic features of Keratohyalin granules (KHG) that were directly related to keratinization in oral mucosa (tongue, cheek, gums, palate; n = 4) with those in parakeratotic epidermis (psoriasis, n = 2; pityriasis rubra pilaris, n = 1; acute dermatitis, n = 1) and normal or‐thokeratotic epidermis. Among others, the ultrastructural features of globular KHG were observed in the cheek, nonspecialized tongue mucosa, and parakeratotic epidermis occurring in psoriasis, pityriasis rubra pilaris, and acute dermatitis, whereas gums and palate showed a mixture of characteristics, also resembling stellate KHG as seen in normal skin.From literature as well as from our studies, the impression was gained that globular KHG were found especially in quickly dividing epithelia and could easily be distinguished from the irregular or stellate KHG that were found in slowly dividing normal epidermis.Therefore, we studied keratinization features on days 3, 7, and 14 after autografting normal human skin (n = 4), thus inducing high cell turnover. Stellate KHG, present in granular cells of normal skin, were almost absent on the third day. Active cell division on the seventh day resulted in sparse keratohyalin formation inside globular granules of low electron density, whereas numerous, rather electron‐translucent lipid droplets occurred in upper spinous and horny cells. These two phenomena seemed to be interrelated. After 14 days, round and increasingly electron‐dense KHG were noted. In more differentiated areas, KHG became irregular. The morphogenesis of KHG could be studied in the subsequent phases of differentiation in autologous skin grafts.We conclude that the ultrastructural features of KHG formation are related to the speed of cell turnover in the epidermis as well as in the oral mucosa.
A Speculative on Psoriasis as an Evolutionary Consequence
Authors: Stone Orville J. 
Published: May 2007

SummaryI speculate that if the inflammatory reactivity of all humans were quantitated, the results would fall on a bell‐shaped curve. Psoriasis or the psoriatic trait is the most reactive 3%. Any attempt by evolution to shift the general inflammatory response to lesser activity would result in consequences more significant than psoriasis. This speculation predicts that we might have to settle for quantitative rather than qualitative changes in inflammation in psoriasis.
Book Reviews
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: May 2007

Books reviewed in this article: SIXTEENTH CENTURY PHYSICIAN. Richard L. Sutton, Jr. SKIN SURGERY. Marwali Harahap THE CLINICAL USE OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPY IN DERMATOLOGY. Alvin S. Zelickson PINKUS' GUIDE TO DERMATOHISTOPATHOLOGY. Amir H. Mehregan CLINICAL DERMATOLOGY ILLUSTRATED. John R. T. Reeves and Howard Maibach RECENT ADVANCES IN DERMATOLOGY. R. H. Champion
Book Reviews
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: May 2007

Book review in this article: PRACTICAL CUTANEOUS CRYOSURGERY. Douglas Torre, Ronald Lubritz, and Emanuel Kuflik. HAIR TRANSPLANTATION. Walter Unger and Rolf E. A. Nordstrom. SKIN SIGNS IN AIDS. Kaare Weismann, Carsten Sand Petersen, Jorgen Sondergaard, Gunhild Lange Wantzin.
Clinical Trial with Clofazimine for Treating Erythema Dyschromicum Perstans Evaluation of Cell‐Mediated Immunity
Authors: Piquero‐Martían Jaime , Péarez‐Alfonzo Ricardo , Abrusci Vito , Briceno Luis , Gross Ana , Mosca Walter , Tapia Felix , Convit Jacinto 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT:Eight patients were studied to determine the possible use of clofazimine for treating erythema dyschromicum perstans (EDP). The T‐helper/T‐suppressor cytotoxic ratio (CD‐4/CD‐8) and the in vitro lymphoproliferative response on stimulation with phytohemaglutin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A) were determined in peripheral blood before and after treatment. Of the eight patients studied, seven had excellent to good responses, whereas only one had a marginal response. The immunologic evaluation before and after treatment showed a significant change in the CD‐4/CD‐8 ratio, a decrease of the response to PHA, and no change in the response to Con A. The results obtained show that clofazimine is useful for treating this nosologic entity because of its cosmetic effect, and also because it induces changes in cell‐mediated response, which could be very important therapeutically.
Skin Diseases in Children with HIV Infection and Their Association with Degree of Immunosuppression
Authors: Lim Wilma , Sadick Neil , Gupta Anil , Kaplan Mark , Pahwa Savita 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT:Since the recognition of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in 1981, several dermatologic manifestations have been associated with the syndrome, including candidiasis, dermatophyte infection, molluscum contagiosum, herpes simplex and zoster, bacterial infection, and malignancy. Skin diseases have been observed in both the adult and the pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in an academic hospital setting in relationship to the correct CDC classification of pediatric HIV infection. The severity of dermatologic manifestations is correlated with the immune status of the patients. The latter was determined by T4 helper cell numbers and lymphoproliferative responses to mitogens and recall antigens. More severe T helper cell depletion was associated with a wider spectrum and increased severity of dermatologic manifestations.
Psoriasis Without Neutrophils
Authors: Paslin David 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT:Histologic studies suggest that polymorphonuclear leukocytes (polys) may initiate, enable, and/or enhance the development of psoriasis. A man with long‐standing psoriasis developed acute myelogenous leukemia. His psoriasis disappeared after treatment with daunorubicin and cytosine arabinoside. Smears of his peripheral blood showed essentially zero polys from day 10 to day 22 after start of chemotherapy. His psoriasis began to reappear on day 14, became prominent by day 76, and persisted. Polys may not be requisite for the development and maintenance of psoriasis.
Book Reviews
Authors: Beerman Herman 
Published: May 2007

DNA Damage and Repair in Human Tissues. Betsy Sutherland, Avril D. Woodhead. Eczema: Basic Information for Medical Practitioners. S. J. Yawalkar, G. Blum. Practice of Skin Surgery. P.N. Behl. Year Book of Dermatology 1990. Arthur J. Sober, Thomas B. Fitzpatrick.
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Nigeria
Authors: Obasi O. E. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT:Twenty‐one of 18,000 (0·1%) dermatology patients seen at the Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria, during the 9‐year period October, 1979‐August, 1988, had cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Their age range was 14 to 50 years (mean 28.7 years), with a peak at the 14‐to 25‐year age group. Eleven of the 21 patients (52%) were students in Government Colleges located within the leishmaniasis belt of Nigeria.
Prevention of Post‐herpetic Neuralgia
Authors: Benoldi Donata , Mirizzi Stella , Zucchi Alfredo , Allegra Fuluio 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT:The effects of prednisone, oral acyclovir, and radiotherapy were compared with placebo in the prevention of post‐herpetic neuralgia. No treatment used was able to prevent, with statistical significance, post‐herpetic neuralgia, although prednisone and acyclovir showed some pain reduction in the acute phase. Radiotherapy was of no value in either the acute or post‐herpetic phase.
TSUTSUGAMUSHI DISEASE (SCRUB TYPHUS)
Authors: TANIGUCHI YOSHIKI , KANNO YUKO , ANDO KATUHIKO , INACHI SHIN , SHIMIZU MASAYUKI 
Published: May 2007

AbstractTwo patients with Tsutsugamushi disease (fever) were successfully treated with tetracycline derivatives after typical eschars were found, although one of the patients was initially misdiagnosed as having a drug reaction eruption. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are important because this disease can be associated with considerable morbidity and simple effective treatment is easily available.
MUDI‐CHOOD: AN UNUSUAL TROPICAL DERMATOSIS
Authors: GHARPURAY MOHAN B. , KULKARNI VINAY , TOLAT SUNIL 
Published: May 2007

AbstractMudi‐chood is an unusual dermatosis seen in India. It affects the nape of the neck and the exposed part of the upper back in girls and young women. It is characterized by mildly pruritic pigmented papular lesions. It probably represents the comedogenic activity of various oils applied to the hair, which is aggravated by the typical climatic conditions. We present three cases of mudi‐chood.Mudi‐chood is an unusual papulosquamous dermatosis affecting the nape of the neck and the exposed parts of the upper back of girls and young women. Mudi‐chood in the regional language means “hair‐heat.”1 It is commonly seen in the southern parts of India, especially in the state of Kerala. The women in these regions wash their long hair daily and apply a variety of hair‐oils. Many herbal products are added to these oils, which vary from place to place. After washing, the hair is tied loose and dried in the sun. The humidity and the heat in these tropical areas, and also the peculiar habits of the women, seem to act as etiologic factors for mudi‐chood. Though commonly seen, there are few references in the literature to similar entities. The only exception is the original paper by Sugathan and Balaraman Nair.1We report three cases of mudi‐chood. Our cases are from parts of Western India where the climate is not as humid. The application of hair‐oils is not a daily ritual, and the disease is relatively uncommon in these parts of India. There is apparently no hereditary influence. An atmospheric influence, attributable to increased heat and moisture in the late summer, is responsible for an increase in mudi‐chood during this season.
BASAL CELL CARCINOMA IN TROPICAL AUSTRALIA
Authors: CZARNECKI D. , COLLINS N. , NASH C. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA survey of people with skin cancer in tropical Australia detected a change in site of the prevalent cancer. In the post‐war generation more basal cell carcinomas are occurring on the back and fewer on the head and neck. A reversal of the sex ratio was also detected, with more women being afflicted.
OFLOXACIN VERSUS CEPHALEXIN FOR TREATING SKIN AND SOFT TISSUE INFECTIONS
Authors: LIPSKY BENJAMIN A. , YARBROUGH DABNEY R. , WALKER FREDERIC B. , POWERS ROBERT D. , MORMAN MANUEL R. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractPatients with acute localized skin or soft tissue infections were randomized to receive either ofloxacin (300 mg orally, b.i.d.) or cephalexin (500 mg orally, b.i.d.). Among 401 enrolled patients, 382 were evaluable for safety and 148 for microbiologic response. Microbiologic cure occurred in 93.4% of ofloxacin‐treated patients and in 94.0% of those treated with cephalexin. Clinical cure or improvement, respectively, was found in 85.2% and 11.1% of patients treated with ofloxacin, and 83.6% and 14.9% of patients receiving cephalexin. Adverse effects (primarily associated with the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system) were considered to be drug‐related in 7.9% of those receiving ofloxacin and 4.8% of those receiving cephalexin. Thus, ofloxacin is as effective and well tolerated as cephalexin and a good alternate antibiotic for treating skin and skin structure infections caused by a variety of pathogens.
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA IN SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN AUSTRALIA
Authors: CZARNECKI D. , COLLINS N. , MEEHAN C. , O'BRIEN T. , LEAHY S. , NASH C.A. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractSquamous cell carcinoma (sec) of the skin was studied in two similar populations, one living in the temperate zone of Australia, the other living in the tropics. In the tropics, the patients were significantly younger, the man to woman ratio approached unity, and women had significantly more sees on the legs. In the temperate zone, men had significantly more on the head and neck, but women had significantly more on the upper and lower limbs.
SEVERE ACUTE FORM OF ADULT DERMATOMYOSITIS TREATED WITH CYCLOSPORINE
Authors: CORREIA OSVALDO , POLONIA JORGE , PEDRO NUNES J. , RESENDE CARLOS , DELGADO LUIS 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe classical treatment of severe forms of dermatomyositis includes high doses of steroids and/or cytotoxic agents. Acute forms are frequently life threatening. Because cyclosporine is a fast‐acting immunosuppressive drug, it appears to be a good candidate for the treatment of refractory forms of acute dermatomyositis. We report a dramatic improvement of a severe, acute, steroid‐resistent adult form after cyclosporine administration. A rapid clinical and biochemical improvement is reported, and the reversibility of immunologic abnormalities is emphasized.
PATTERN OF SKIN DISEASES AT THE NATIONAL SKIN CENTRE (SINGAPORE) FROM 1989–1990
Authors: CHUA‐TY G. , GOH C.L. , KOH S.L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAt the National Skin Centre, 74,589 new attendances were seen from 1989 to 1990. The M:F ratio was 1:1. The majority of the patients belonged to the 20–39 year age groups (40%). Frequencies of psoriasis (20.4%) and alopecia (17.2%) were higher among Indians; exfoliative dermatitis was higher among Malays (19.72%); and insect bites were higher among Chinese (87%) [P < 0.05] compared with ethnic distribution (9.9%, 7.6%, and 77.2% respectively) of NSC patient population. Dermatitis (34.2%) and acne (10.9%) were the most common skin disorders seen. The more common dermatoses seen in 1989/90 differ slightly from those reported in 1950s and 1980s; however, the frequencies of contact dermatitis, fungal infection, and insect bite reactions of 5.8%, 10.9%, and 7.6%, respectively, in 1980 have decreased to 4.7%, 5.4%, and 2.3%, respectively, in 1989/90. There was no seasonal variation in the frequency of various dermatoses except for psoriasis, which was more prevalent during the first quarters of 1989 and 1990. Our results showed that the pattern of skin diseases in Singapore is slowly approximating that of developed countries. The changes in the pattern of skin diseases are probably due to improved economic status, better education and hygiene, ready availability of dermatology services, as well as changes in occupational and environmental contactants over the last decade.
CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS IN RIYADH REGION: FOUR‐YEAR STUDY OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGIC AND CLINICAL FEATURES
Authors: AL‐SHAMMARI SULAIMAN A. , KHOJA TAWFIK A. , FEHR ABDULAZIZ 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA retrospective study of 11,802 patient records with cutaneous leishmaniasis in Riyadh region was conducted during the period 1987 to 1990. The following findings resulted from the study. The incidence rate declined from 244.2 to 106.5 per 100,000 population. The infection was mainly among non‐Saudi men in their working years. The Saudis represented 33% of the total number of patients. The Saudi patients were mainly young, below 15 years of age, with almost equal men/women distribution. The non‐Saudis were found to have more multiple lesions; 65% of them had three or more lesions compared with 10% in Saudis. The lesions were mainly on the exposed parts of the body such as the face (20%), neck (3.3%), upper limbs (23.3%), and lower limbs (15%). Agricultural areas such as Riyadh vicinity, Al‐Kharj, Shagraa, and Al‐Koweeya showed consistently the highest foci of infections. The infections were highest in winter and lowest in summer.
ASHY DERMATOSIS AND LICHEN PLANUS PIGMENTOSUS: A CLINICOPATHOLOGIC STUDY OF 31 CASES
Authors: VEGA MARIA ELISA , WAXTEIN LEON , ARENAS ROBERTO , HOJYO MA. TERESA , DOMINGUEZ‐SOTO LUCIANO 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe clinical and histopathologic characteristics of patients with ashy dermatosis (n=20) and lichen planus pigmentosus (n=11) were analyzed. We found significant clinical differences between both dermatoses, supporting our opinion that they are two separate conditions. Both dermatoses were histologically similar.
SIMPLIFIED EXPERIMENTAL HUMAN DERMATOPHYTOSIS MODEL
Authors: ALY RAZA , MAIBACH HOWARD I. , HO IRWIN , ABRAMS BEATRICE B. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe authors have improved and simplified previous methods for producing localized mycotic skin infections in an attempt to compare topical antifungal agents for their bioequivalency. Healthy human volunteers who had negative results for commercial, purified Trichophyton antigen (Trichophytin) were inoculated with Trichophyton mentagrophytes on two sites on each forearm in a randomized study designed to compare the antifungal activities of two ciclopirox olamine formulations. The lesions, easily induced by the authors' method, were localized and did not spread under the occlusive dressings. Infections established at the four sites on 26 subjects were treated twice daily for 14 days with the two active drug formulations and their vehicles. There were no significant differences in culture‐documented cure rates or alleviation of clinical signs and symptoms between ciclopirox olamine lotion and cream. Each drug was significantly better than its vehicle. The authors' method seems to be effective and suitable for therapeutic studies.
PELGEROID‐LIKE ANOMALOUS CELLS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF NEUTROPHILIC DERMATOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME
Authors: NOGITA TOSHITATSU , MORIOKA NAOKO , ISHIBASHI YASUMASA , KAWASHIMA MAKOTO , MIZOGUCHI MASAKO , OTSUKA FUJIO 
Published: May 2007

AbstractNeutrophilic dermatoses (ND), with or without accompanying myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), were examined in terms of nuclear abnormality like pelgeroid anomaly of infiltrating cells into skin lesions. Six IMD accompanying MDS showed 1.0 to 13.5% of such anomalous cells among infiltrating cells. In contrast, ND without accompanying myeloproliferative disorders rarely had such anomalous cells. Our findings suggest that pelgeroid‐like anomalous cells infiltaring into ND are probably a good marker of underlying MDS.
SENIOR MEDICAL STUDENT CLINICAL AND RESEARCH ELECTIVES IN DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY
Authors: WAGNE RICHARD F. , WAGNER KAREN D. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractFive senior medical students enrolled in the 4 week clinical elective in dermatologic surgery and cutaneous oncology (DSCO); two of these students also enrolled in a 4 week research elective in DSCO. During the elective(s) the students made significant improvement in the six areas of clinical diagnosis, histopathologic diagnosis, clinical management, DSCO procedures, research skills, and general information about the subspecialty. Following their elective(s), these students submitted a total of six abstracts, one letter, and seven manuscripts for presentation or publication.