bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The fluorochrome-to-protein ratio is crucial for the flow cytometric detection of tissue factor on extracellular vesicles
Authors: Weiss René , Mostageer Marwa , Eichhorn Tanja , Huber Silke , Egger Dominik , Spittler Andreas , Tripisciano Carla , Kasper Cornelia , Weber Viktoria 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) have crucial roles in hemostasis and coagulation. They sustain coagulation by exposing phosphatidylserine and initiate clotting by surface expression of tissue factor (TF) under inflammatory conditions. As their relevance as biomarkers of coagulopathy is increasingly recognized, there is a need for the sensitive and reliable detection of TF+ EVs, but their flow cytometric analysis is challenging and has yielded controversial findings for TF expression on EVs in the vascular system. We investigated the effect of different fluorochrome-to-protein (F/P) ratios of anti-TF-fluorochrome conjugates on the flow cytometric detection of TF+ EVs from activated monocytes, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and in COVID-19 plasma. Using a FITC-labeled anti-TF antibody (clone VD8), we show that the percentage of TF+ EVs declined with decreasing F/P ratios. TF was detected on 7.6%, 5.4%, and 1.1% of all EVs derived from activated monocytes at F/P ratios of 7.7:1, 6.6:1, and 5.2:1. A similar decline was observed for EVs from MSCs and for EVs in plasma, whereas the detection of TF on cells remained unaffected by different F/P ratios. We provide clear evidence that next to the antibody clone, the F/P ratio affects the flow cytometric detection of TF+ EVs and should be carefully controlled.
The functional aspects of selective exposure for collective decision-making under social influence
Authors: Oh Poong , Peh Jia Wang , Schauf Andrew 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOpinion diversity is crucial for collective decision-making, but maintaining it becomes challenging in the face of social influence. We propose selective exposure as an endogenous mechanism that preserves opinion diversity by forming exclusive subgroups of like-minded individuals, or echo chambers, which have been often perceived as an obstacle to achieving collective intelligence. We consider situations where a group of agents collectively make decisions about the true state of nature with the assumption that agents update their opinions by adopting the aggregated opinions of their information sources (i.e., naïve learning), or alternatively, replace incongruent sources with more like-minded others without adjusting their opinions (i.e., selective exposure). Individual opinions at steady states reached under these dynamics are then aggregated to form collective decisions, and their quality is assessed. The results suggest that the diversity-reducing effects of social influence are effectively confined within subgroups formed by selective exposure. More importantly, strong propensities for selective exposure maintain the quality of collective decisions at a level as high as that achieved in the absence of social influence. In contrast, naïve learning allows groups to reach consensuses, which are more accurate than initial individual opinions, but significantly undermines the quality of collective decisions.
Environmental stability of a uranium-plutonium-carbide phase
Authors: Etschmann Barbara , Missen Owen P. , Conradson Steven D. , Mills Stuart , Liu Yang , Brugger Joël 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA plutonium-rich carbide, (U,Pu)(Al,Fe)3C3, was discovered in a hot particle from the Maralinga nuclear testing site in South Australia. The particle was produced between 1960 and 1963 and has been exposed to ambient conditions since then. The new phase belongs to a group of ternary carbides known as 'derivative-MAX phases'. It formed at high temperature within an explosion cloud via rapid eutectic crystallisation from a complex Al–Fe–U–Pu–C–O melt, and is the major Pu host in this particle. Despite signs of volume expansion due to radiation damage, (U,Pu)(Al,Fe)3C3 remains highly X-ray crystalline 60 years after its formation, with no evidence of Pu leaching from the crystals. Our results highlight that the high-energy conditions of (sub-)critical explosions can create unexpected species. Even micro-particles of a derivative-MAX phase can effectively retain low-valence (metallic-like character) Pu under environmental conditions; the slow physical and chemical weathering of these particles may contribute to the slow release of radionuclides over decades, explaining constant low-levels of radionuclides observed in fauna. This study further suggests that rapidly quenched eutectic melts may be engineered to stabilise actinides in nuclear waste products, removing the need for hydrometallurgical processing.
Impact of COVID-19 national response on primary care utilisation in Singapore: an interrupted time-series analysis
Authors: Tan Vanessa , Ang Gregory , Tan Kelvin Bryan , Chen Cynthia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSince the start of the pandemic, many national responses, such as nationwide lockdowns, have been implemented to curb the spread of COVID-19. We aim to assess the impact of Singapore’s national responses on primary care utilisation. We performed an interrupted time series using acute and chronic primary care data of 3 168 578 visits between 1 September 2019 and 31 August 2020 over four periods: before any measures were put in place, during Disease Outbreak Response System Condition (DORSCON) Orange, when Circuit Breaker was instituted, and when Circuit Breaker was lifted. We found significant mean reductions in acute and chronic primary care visits immediately following DORSCON Orange and Circuit Breaker. DORSCON Orange was associated with − 2020 mean daily visits (95% CI − 2890 to − 1150). Circuit Breaker was associated with a further − 2510 mean daily visits (95% CI − 3660 to − 1360). Primary care utilisation for acute visits remained below baseline levels even after the Circuit Breaker was lifted. These significant reductions were observed in both acute and chronic visits, with acute visits experiencing a steeper drop during DORSCON Orange. Understanding the impact of COVID-19 measures on primary care utilisation will be useful for future public health planning.
Research on the impact of digital technology applications on firms' dual innovation in the digital economy context
Authors: Peiyao Qiu , Benrui Chang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn recent years, applications of digital technology have gradually become the primary driving force for enterprise innovation. Although the impact of digital technology applications on enterprise innovation has been recognized by the academic community, existing studies have failed to systematically reveal the mechanism of digital technology applications on firms' dual innovation, overlooking the data-driven dynamic characteristics of innovation development in the digital era, and neglecting external conditions such as environmental complexity. Therefore, based on dynamic capability theory and resource orchestration theory, this study adopts a “technology-economy” research paradigm to explore and analyze the impact of digital technology applications on dual innovation. It also analyzes the mediating role of data-driven dynamic capabilities and the moderating effect of environmental complexity. The article conducts an empirical test using microdata of Chinese Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed firms from 2010 to 2021.The research results show that digital technology applications positively promote dual innovation of enterprises and exhibit certain heterogeneity. Data-driven dynamic capabilities play a mediating role in the relationship between digital technology applications and dual innovation. The study also tests the moderating effect of environmental complexity and finds that the higher environmental complexity in which the company operates, the stronger the facilitating effect of digital technology applications.
Ceratophyllum demersum the submerged macrophyte from the mining subsidence reservoir Nadrybie Poland as a source of anticancer agents
Authors: Masłyk Maciej , Lenard Tomasz , Olech Marta , Martyna Aleksandra , Poniewozik Małgorzata , Boguszewska-Czubara Anna , Kochanowicz Elżbieta , Czubak Paweł , Kubiński Konrad 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAquatic plants are a rich source of health-beneficial substances. One of such organisms is the submerged macrophyte Ceratophyllum demersum, which has not been sufficiently studied in this aspect so far. In this work, we have studied environmental conditions prevailing in a subsidence mining reservoir in Eastern Poland and shown that C. demersum can be harvested for further analysis even from artificial anthropogenic reservoirs. The phytochemical analysis of C. demersum ethanolic extract using LC–MS revealed high content of phenolic compounds (18.50 mg/g) (mainly flavonoids, 16.09 mg/g), including those that have not yet been identified in this plant, namely isorhamnetin, sakuranetin, taxifolin, and eriodictyol. Such rich flavonoid content is most likely responsible for the anticancer activity of the C. demersum extract, which was targeted especially at neoplastic cells of gastrointestinal tract origin. The flow cytometry analysis of treated cells showed an increased percentage of late apoptotic and necrotic cells. The fish embryo toxicity (FET) test showed safety of the extract towards Danio rerio fish up to the concentration of 225 µg/ml. This study has shown that the submerged macrophyte Ceratophyllum demersum can be taken into consideration as a rich source of a set of anticancer agents with chemopreventive potential.
Wind turbine load optimization control and verification based on wind speed estimator with time series broad learning system method
Authors: Fu Deyi , Qin Shiyao , Kong Lingxing , Xue Yang , Gong Lice , Wang Anqing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWith the rapid development of wind power, the power performance and mechanical load characteristics of wind turbine are simultaneously considered and focused. Normally, wind turbine senses the incoming flow characteristics through the nacelle mounted anemometer, due to the inability to perceive the characteristics of wind speed in advance, the control strategy makes the wind turbine itself to be at a passive state during the operation process. In this paper, a wind turbine mechanical load optimization control strategy based on an accurate wind speed estimator with time series Broad Learning System Method (BLSM) is designed, simulated and also verified. Firstly, the basic control theory of the BLSM and also a mechanical load optimization controller is designed. Then the OpenFAST is used to conduct a full‐life cycle simulation comparison study on mechanical load characteristics of wind turbine before and after the implementation of the optimization control strategy. Finally, a field empirical mechanical load test is performed on the wind turbine, which is configured with BLSM mechanical load optimization control technology. The findings indicate that the implementation of this control strategy can significantly mitigate the ultimate and fatigue loads of wind turbines, particularly the fatigue loads of tower base tilt and roll bending moments, with a reduction rate of approximately 6.2% and 4.3%, respectively.
Microstructure‐ionisation potential relationship analysis for understanding the molecular ionisation difference of natural esters during the impulse discharge via DFT calculation
Authors: Zhang Jingwen , Hao Jian , Ye Wenyu , Zhang Junyi , Liao Ruijin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the impulse discharge behaviour of natural ester (NE) is crucial for its safe application in high‐voltage transformers. The ionisation potential (IP) of triglycerides plays a significant role in the process of molecular ionisation during impulse discharge for NE. The correlation coefficients between molecular size, frontier orbital, electrostatic potential, polarity, and IP were analysed. And the quantitative microstructure‐IP model for triglycerides were built, which revealed that IP is strongly related to the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy EHM, as well as the average value of positive electrostatic potential Vp(+), the average value of negative electrostatic potential Vp(−), and the surface area of negative electrostatic potential S(−). The HOMO and negative electrostatic potentials of saturated triglycerides are predominantly linked to the carbonyl O atoms. Conversely, in unsaturated triglycerides, the influence of C=C double bonds on HOMO and negative electrostatic potentials is more pronounced. Therefore, the IP of unsaturated NE with C=C bonds is lower than that of saturated NE, rendering it more susceptible to ionisation under a strong electric field which is unfavourable for impulse breakdown voltage. The structure‐property correlation analysis is valuable for understanding ionisation mechanism during the impulse discharge breakdown of NE at the microscopic level.
Global to multi‐scale local architecture with hardwired CNN for 1‐ms tomato defect detection
Authors: Li Yuan , Hu Tingting , Fuchikami Ryuji , Ikenaga Takeshi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA 1 millisecond (1‐ms) vision system that guarantees high efficiency and timely response for tomato defect detection is essential for factory automation. Because of various defect appearances, recently many existing researches focus on CNN based defect detection, but few of them attempt to reach high processing speed to adapt to the factorial assembly line. This paper proposes a global to multi‐scale local based parallel architecture with hardwired CNN for tomato defect detection. This architecture breaks down image‐wise detection into pixel‐wise localization and block‐wise classification. The pixel‐wise localization utilizes tomato‐aware information as constraints for localization performance. The block‐wise classification uses a fully pipelined network structure to obtain the classification result for each block as the pixel stream moves through the network. The classification network has a six‐layer lightweight network structure with quantization for hardwired type implementation on FPGA. The experiment results show that the proposed architecture processes 1000 FPS images with 0.9476 ms/frame delay. And for detection performance, this architecture keeps at 80.18%, only 1.31% lower than ResNet50 based detection system.
An image‐based runway detection method for fixed‐wing aircraft based on deep neural network
Authors: Chen Mingqiang , Hu Yuzhou 
Published: March 2024

AbstractVisual information is important in final approach and landing phases for an approaching aircraft, it presents supplementary source for navigation system, and provides backup guidance when radio navigation fails, or even supports a complete vision‐based landing. Relative position and attitude can be solved from the runway features in the image. Traditional runway detection methods have high latency and low accuracy, which is unable to satisfy the requirements for a safe landing. This paper proposes a real‐time runway detection model, efficient runway feature extractor (ERFE), based on deep convolutional neural network, generating semantic segmentation and feature lines output. In order to evaluate the model's effectiveness, a benchmark is proposed to calculate the actual error between predicted feature line and ground truth one. A novel runway dataset which is based on pictures from Microsoft Flight Simulator 2020 (FS2020), is also proposed in this paper to train and test the model. The dataset will be released at https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/relufrank/fs2020‐runway‐dataset. ERFE shows excellent performance in FS2020 dataset, it gives satisfactory results even for real runway images excluded from our dataset.
„Nervenchirurgie“ im deutschsprachigen Raum – vom NervClub zum
Zertifikat
Authors: Assmus Hans , Antoniadis Gregor , Heinen Christian , Kneser Ulrich , Bahm Jörg 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Nerv Club ist eine Kollegengemeinschaft im deutschsprachigen Raum, die alle
am peripheren Nerven interessierten Kollegen, ob konservativ oder chirurgisch
tätig, zusammenbringt. Der Artikel fasst die bisherige Geschichte des Nerv Club
und wesentliche Merkmale sowie Aktivitäten zusammen und beleuchtet insbesondere
das erarbeitete Zertifikat zur peripheren Nervenchirurgie. Neben jährlichen
Arbeitstreffen und einem alle zwei Jahre stattfindenden Plexussymposium gibt es
einen wissenschaftlichen Publikationspreis und ein online basiertes Journal, in
dem medizinische Arbeiten zur Nervenchirurgie veröffentlicht werden können.
Die hyperselektive Neurektomie bei spastischen Lähmungen der oberen
Extremität
Authors: Megerle Kai , Gohritz Andreas 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungAls hyperselektive Neurektomie wird eine gezielte Durchtrennung motorischer
Nervenfasern an ihrem Muskeleintritt bezeichnet, um bei spastischen Lähmungen
den gesteigerten Muskeltonus zu reduzieren. Diese Technik hat in den letzten
Jahren speziell an der oberen Extremität eine Renaissance erlebt. Wichtigste
Grundlage ist die exakte Kenntnis der topographschen Anatomie der
Muskelinnervation. Um Ausmaß und Lokalisation der Denervation exakt
kontrollieren zu können, ist eine präzise Darstellung der motorischen Nervenäste
notwendig. Für eine relevante Tonusminderung ist die Durchtrennung von 2/3 bis
4/5 der Nervenäste erforderlich. Diese Arbeit stellt die Entwicklung, Prinzipien
und Anwendung dieser Techniken an der oberen Extremität dar und gibt einen
Überblick über die klinischen Ergebnisse.
Funktionelle Ergebnisse peripherer Nervenverletzungen nach kindlichen
suprakondylären Humerusfrakturen: Vergleich operativer und konservativer
Behandlung
Authors: Deininger Stefanie , Antoniadis Gregor , Pedro Maria Teresa 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungSuprakondyläre Humerusfrakturen sind die häufigsten Ellbogenfrakturen im
Kindesalter bis 10 Jahre. Die Inzidenz von assoziierten Nervenverletzungen
variiert je nach Angaben bis zu 15%. Traumatische und iatrogene Läsionen
betreffen hauptsächlich den N. ulnaris. Die Regeneration peripherer Nerven ist
im Kindesalter vergleichsweise besser. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die
funktionellen Ergebnisse nach operativer und konservativer Therapie von
Nervenverletzungen bei Kindern nach suprakondylären Frakturen verglichen und auf
Einflussfaktoren untersucht. Bei dieser retrospektiven Vergleichsstudie wurden
klinische Daten kindlicher Nervenverletzungen nach suprakondylären
Humerusfrakturen, welche in einem Zeitraum von 13 Jahren (2008–2021) behandelt
wurden, ausgewertet. Eingeschlossen wurden Kinder, welche aufgrund ausbleibender
neurologischer/neurophysiologischer Besserung bis 6 Monate nach Trauma operativ
(Neurolysen, autologe Rekonstruktion) behandelt wurden oder bei rückläufiger
Symptomatik im gleichen Zeitraum konservativ nachbeobachtet wurden. Alle
Patienten wurden im Verlauf multidisziplinär behandelt. 48 Patienten (26
weiblich/22 männlich) mit Nervenverletzungen wurden in diese Studie
eingeschlossen. Alle Patienten erhielten in der Vorgeschichte eine operative
Behandlung mit Kirschner-Draht Spickung aufgrund dislozierter Frakturen. Das
mittlere Alter betrug 7±2 Jahre. Die initiale Symptomatik waren hochgradige
motorische Ausfälle bei allen Patienten und sensible Defizite in 87,5% (n=42).
Am häufigsten waren isolierte Läsionen des N. ulnaris (n=24, 50%). Bei 21
Patienten wurde der Nerv neurolysiert und bei 15 zusätzlich nach volar
verlagert. Bei 7 Kindern erfolgte eine autologe Rekonstruktion und 2 erhielten
ein Split Repair. Postoperativ war bei allen Patienten eine signifikante
Verbesserung der motorischen Funktion zu verzeichnen. Trotz vergleichbar
hochgradiger motorischer Ausfälle bei der Erstvorstellung wurden weitere 20
Kinder aufgrund der rückläufigen neurologischen Ausfälle konservativ therapiert.
Sie zeigten vergleichbar gute funktionelle Ergebnisse. In beiden Gruppen waren
keine schwerwiegenden Komplikationen verzeichnet worden. Die durchschnittliche
Nachbeobachtungszeit betrug 377,25±524,87 Tage. Die präsentierte Studie zeigt
exzellente funktionelle Ergebnisse nach der operativen Behandlung kindlicher
Nervenverletzungen ohne schwere Komplikationen. Kinder mit vergleichsweise
hochgradigen Läsionen bei der initialen Vorstellung haben auch ohne Operation
eine gute Chance für eine komplette Spontanremission. Aus diesem Grund sollte
die Operationsindikation bei Kindern sehr überlegt gestellt werden.
Hilft viel viel? Die Dosierungsfrage von Arzneipflanzen in der
Tiermedizin
Authors: Walkenhorst Michael , Ayrle Hannah 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungIm Hinblick auf eine wissenschaftlich sauber fundierte Dosierung von
Arzneipflanzen für die verschiedenen Tierarten gibt es noch viel zu tun. Der
Vergleich veterinärhistorischer mit ethnoveterinärmedizinisch basierter und
humanmedizinisch empfohlener Dosierung zeigt aber eine erfreuliche
Übereinstimmung. Viele Menschen (und hoffentlich auch Tiere) haben wohl mehr
oder weniger unabhängig voneinander schon gute Erfahrungen mit diesen
Dosierungen gemacht. Dabei scheint es nicht besorgniserregend zu sein, dass
Dosierungsangaben in ihrer Spannweite manchmal eine Zehnerpotenz oder (etwas)
mehr umfassen. Im Rahmen vergleichbarer Spannweiten liegen auch die Dosierungen
in Studien, die (beabsichtigte) Effekte von ein und derselben Arzneipflanze
gefunden haben. Die Dosis-Wirkungsbeziehung des Vielstoffgemischs pflanzlicher
Extrakte scheint nicht immer deutlich ausgeprägt zu sein, gleichzeitig gibt es
aber eine große therapeutische Breite. Diese lässt einigen Spielraum für
kreative therapeutische Individualisierung.
Comparison of Two-Dimensional IOTA Simple Rules and Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography in Preoperative Assessment of Adnexal Masses
Authors: Goel Rishu , Singhal Seema , Manchanda Smita , Rajan Saroj , Meena Jyoti , Bharti Juhi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective Accurate preoperative characterization of adnexal masses is essential for optimal patient management. Two-dimensional ultrasonography (USG) based “International Ovarian Tumuor Analysis Simple Rules (IOTA-SR)” are used primarily in clinical practice. Three-dimensional (3D) USG is an emerging modality. The authors conducted this study to compare the performance of 3D USG with IOTA-SR for preoperative differentiation of benign and malignant adnexal masses.
Methods This prospective observational study recruited 84 patients with adnexal masses undergoing surgical management. IOTA-SR and 3D USG with power Doppler examination were applied to characterize the masses and correlated with histopathology. Logistic regression analysis defined individual 2D and 3D USG parameters' significance in predicting malignancy. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted for significant variables, and area under the curves (AUCs) with cut-off values were calculated using the Youden index.
Results Out of the 84 adnexal masses, 41 were benign and 43 were malignant. IOTA-SR were conclusive in 88.1% (74/84) cases, with a sensitivity of 83.78% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 67.99–93.81%) and specificity of 89.19% (95% CI: 74.58–96.97%). The sensitivity and specificity of 3D USG with power Doppler were 84% and 88%, respectively, with an AUC of 0.96 (95% CI: 0.92–0.99). Ten cases were inconclusive by the IOTA-SR, and 3D USG could further correctly differentiate four of these cases.
Conclusion The diagnostic performance of both techniques is comparable. With good diagnostic performance and easy applicability, IOTA-SR remain the standard of care. 3D USG, although a more objective assessment, requires further validation and standardization.