bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benthic cyanobacterial assemblages as indicators of nutrient enrichment regimes in a Spanish river
Authors: Perona Elvira , Mateo Pilar 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe relationships between cyanobacterial abundance and the physical and chemical characteristics of waters were studied to identify the environmental variables responsible for the changes in species composition observed in a river characterized by variations in water quality. Principal component analysis showed that some communities had significantly different species composition and relationships with environmental variables than others. These analyses allowed us to identify indicator species with contrasting responses to nutrient conditions. One of the four cyanobacterial groups distinguished in the analysis was negatively correlated with variables related to aspects of water disturbance, including nutrients. The results indicate that the eutrophication gradient structured species composition and affected cyanobacterial community distribution. Since organisms have an integrating response to their environment, the use of cyanobacterial assemblages to indicate eutrophication gradients could help in the assessment of water quality in aquatic ecosystems.
Characterization of the sources of thermal spring‐ and well water in Jordan by rare earth element and yttrium distribution and stable isotopes of H2O
Authors: Möller Peter , Dulski Peter , Salameh Elias , Geyer Stefan 
Published: March 2006

AbstractFour types of thermal groundwater in Jordan were distinguished by Y and rare earth elements (REY) distribution patterns. Complementary to the stratigraphic origin of water in springs or of wells, REY patterns identify either recharge areas covered by basalt, limestones or sandstone, or interaction with basalt‐limestone contact zones. This hydrochemical grouping does not always correspond with “common geological knowledge” of the aquifer lithology of the thermal water. Therefore, comparison of the hydrochemical signatures of REY patterns and the lithological source of water yield insight into transaquifer flow. Out of 44 analysed groundwater, 18 indicated down‐ and 3 upflow of water the latter due to step faults near the Rift system. During transaquifer flow REY patterns of groundwater from basalts and gypsum beds or gypsum‐cemented sandstones are not changed by subsequent interaction with limestones, whereas in groundwater originating from dissolution of chalk and limestones REY patterns are adjusted to those typical for gypsum‐bearing sediments. Cross plots of δ18O vs. δ2H reveal essentially two trends. The main trend of water from limestone aquifers define a mixing line of past to recent meteoric water with negligible contributions of Pleistocene water. Some water from Eocene aquifers plot on the local Mediterranean meteoric water line, others plot together with water from sandstone aquifers at enhanced δ18O values due to hydrothermal overprinting.
Formation of monodisperse microbubbles in a microfluidic device
Authors: Xu J. H. , Li S. W. , Chen G. G. , Luo G. S. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe crossflowing rupture technique was first used in a microfluidic device to prepare microbubbles, and successfully prepared monodisperse microbubbles with polydispersity index (σ) values of <2%. The parameters affecting the microbubble‐formation process, such as two‐phase flow rates, continuous‐phase viscosity, surface tension, and surfactants were investigated. The microbubble‐formation mechanisms of the crossflowing rupture technique with those of the techniques of both flow‐focusing rupture and geometry‐dominated breakup were also compared. It was also found that the bubble size decreased with increasing continuous‐phase rate and its viscosity, while independent of surface tension. The different species of surfactants also influenced the microbubble‐formation process. Moreover, the bubble‐formation mechanism by using the crossflow rupture technique was different from the techniques of both hydrodynamic flow focusing and geometry‐dominated breakup. The microbubble‐formation process using the crossflowing rupture technique is controllable. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
Minimizing loss of sequence information in SAGE ditags by modulating the temperature dependent 3′ → 5′ exonuclease activity of DNA polymerases on 3′‐terminal isoheptyl amino groups
Authors: So Austin P. , Turner Robin F.B. , Haynes Charles A. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractNumerous steps are required to prepare a sequencing library for serial analysis of gene expression (or SAGE) from an original mRNA sample. The presence of inefficiencies, however, can lead to a cumulative loss of sample during processing which can yield a library of short sequence tags (SSTs) that represents only a minute fraction of the original starting sample, potentially compromising the quality of the analysis and necessitating relatively large amounts of starting material. We show here that commonly observed higher molecular weight (HMW) amplification products observed following the PCR amplification of ditags are a direct result of the presence of HMW ligation products created during ditag formation. Using model tags, we demonstrate that the formation of these HMW ligation products becomes permissible following the release of the 3′‐terminal isoheptyl amine (3′‐IHA) from the SST during the fill‐in reaction with the Klenow fragment (KF) of DNA polymerase (DNAP) I and is mediated by its 3′ → 5′ exonuclease activity. We further show that the incorporation of SSTs into HMW ligation products can lead to a loss of sequence information from SAGE analysis, potentially skewing sequencing results away from the true distribution in the original sample. By modifying fill‐in conditions through the use of Vent® DNAP at 12°C and by including terminal phosphorothioate linkages within the SAGE adaptors to specifically inhibit exonucleolytic removal of the 3′‐terminal amine, we are able to maximize the yield of ditags and bypass the need for gel purification via PAGE following PCR. The modifications described here, combined with the modifications described previously by our group for adaptor ligation, ensure that the full sequence information content in SSTs derived from the transcriptome is preserved in the pool of amplified ditags prior to the creation of a SAGE library. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A novel method for in vitro radiolabeling and testing enveloped viruses by phosphatidylethanolamine N‐methyltransferase and host cell‐specific binding
Authors: Gotoh Takeshi , Ando Nozomi , Kikuchi Ken‐Ichi 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe present study developed a novel virus labeling and testing method, referred to as an envelope‐labeled virus assay (ELVA), in which virus envelope is labeled in vitro by the action of phosphatidylethanolamine N‐methyltransferase (PEMT) and tested through a host cell‐specific binding. A recombinant strain (vGFPuv) of Autographa californica multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) and Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf‐9) insect cells were used as a model of viruses and host cells, respectively. The labeling mixture, which contained PEMT, [methyl‐3H]S‐adenosylmethionine (SAM), and a trace amount of detergent Triton X‐100, brought about little change in virus titer of vGFPuv on a 1‐h incubation, but was so toxic to Sf‐9 cells as to immediately cause cell death. After being incubated with vGFPuv, therefore, the labeling mixture was neutralized by adsorptive removal of PEMT and Triton X‐100 before Sf‐9 cells were contacted with the mixture to extract the virus. The Sf‐9 cells were then washed with a phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and lipid extracts with a 1% SDS solution were subjected to a liquid scintillation analysis for the determination of labeling efficiency. As a result, a significant amount of radioactivity was determined in the extracts, demonstrating the validity of ELVA for labeling and testing enveloped viruses. The conditions for the PEMT reaction and cell‐virus binding were examined, and the lower detection limit of AcMNPV by ELVA was found to lie in the order of 103 plaque forming unit (pfu) per milliliter. Since the labeling reaction and detection of virus are based on neither immunological nor genetic characteristics of virus, ELVA is also expected to be a convenient and comprehensive test of other enveloped viruses. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Can businesses move beyond efficiency? The shift toward effectiveness and equity in the corporate sustainability debate
Authors: Young William , Tilley Fiona 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to articulate to a wider practitioner and academic audience the value and importance of moving the sustainable business agenda beyond the notion of eco‐ and socio‐efficiency. This in itself is not a new development in the sustainable business literature. What are emerging are integrated models of corporate sustainability that link together the six criteria that a sustainable business will need to satisfy, namely eco‐efficiency, socio‐efficiency, eco‐effectiveness, socio‐effectiveness, sufficiency and ecological equity. At this stage these new models of corporate sustainability need further theoretical development, taking corporate sustainability beyond the business case (eco‐efficiency) towards an integrated approach that links in the social and natural cases. A new model for sustainable entrepreneurship is presented and discussed in the context of a social entrepreneur case study. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Sustainability, accountability and corporate governance: exploring multinationals' reporting practices
Authors: Kolk Ans 
Published: March 2006

AbstractRecent years have seen a rapid increase in accountability pressures on particularly large global companies. The increased call for transparency comes from two different angles, which show some (potential) convergence in terms of topics and audiences: accountability requirements in the context of corporate governance, which expand to staff‐related, ethical aspects; and sustainability reporting that has broadened from environment only to social and financial issues. This article examines to what extent and how current sustainability reporting of Fortune Global 250 companies incorporates corporate governance aspects. Many multinationals, particularly in Europe and Japan, have started to pay attention to board supervision and structuring of sustainability responsibilities, to compliance, ethics and external verification. While detailed disclosures are not yet common, some notable practices can be found. Underlying dilemmas and complexities for managers in dealing with accountability to shareholders and stakeholders, and the role of auditors, are indicated. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Environmental policy and innovations
Authors: Krozer Yoram , Nentjes Andries 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe paper defines and uses the concepts environmental policy cycle and innovation cycle and explores the links between the two in search for an environmental policy that creates incentives for innovation in environmental technology. We conclude that key factors are shortening the period the bureaucracy takes for preparing new environmental requirements, transparency and consistency of bureaucratic and political decision‐making and fast and strict implementation with environmental policy instruments that give pollution sources freedom in their choice of suitable technology. Economic instruments provide strong incentives for innovation because they speed up implementation. Large R&D subsidies may be needed to make technology development profitable under the conventional policy of direct regulation by emission standards and regulation by way of covenants. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Managerial attitudes toward environmental management within Australia, the People's Republic of China and Indonesia
Authors: Cummings Lorne S. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThis study presents a survey of the attitudes of corporate managers and managerial students across Australia, the People's Republic of China and Indonesia toward 18 key contemporary environmental management issues. The study sought to explore whether respondents from these countries, characterized by differing levels of development, also differ in their attitude toward environmental management. Results indicated that, despite age being a moderating factor, significant differences did exist between the 676 country respondents on 15 of the 18 questions. Contrary to expectations, Australian respondents were more cautious of supporting a forthright view on environmental issues, whilst Chinese respondents favoured a more centralized approach to decision making regarding the environment. The results lend marginal support to the new environmental paradigm (NEP), but also to the radicalization of environmental issues and age as a possible influence on respondent beliefs. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Engaging Hong Kong businesses in environmental change: drivers and barriers
Authors: Studer Sonja , Welford Richard , Hills Peter 
Published: March 2006

AbstractHong Kong's businesses have been slow to embrace environmental management principles, particularly in the SME sector. This article analyses key barriers and incentives to engaging Hong Kong businesses with voluntary environmental initiatives and compares their relevance for companies of different sizes. As in other countries, SMEs show a much lower uptake of such activities than larger companies. Their approach towards environmental management is predominantly reactive, and legislation remains the key driver for engaging them with environmental change. Inadequate government policy and support, societal attitudes and corporate culture all contribute significantly to the comparatively poor development of corporate environmental management among Hong Kong companies. As long as most SMEs regard voluntary environmental activities as costly and unnecessary ‘extras’ that endanger their competitiveness and detract resources from their core business without offering any tangible benefits, fundamental improvements in their environmental performance will be difficult to achieve. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
The Intermediate Frequency Modes of Single‐ and Double‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes: A Raman Spectroscopic and In Situ Raman Spectroelectrochemical Study
Authors: Kalbac Martin , Kavan Ladislav , Zukalová Markéta , Dunsch Lothar 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe intermediate frequency modes (IFM) of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and double‐walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and in situ Raman spectroelectrochemistry. The inner and outer tubes of DWCNTs manifested themselves as distinct bands in the IFM region. This confirmed the diameter dependence of IFM frequencies. Furthermore, the analysis of inner tubes of DWCNTs allowed a more‐precise assignment of the bands in the IFM region to features intrinsic for carbon nanotubes. Although the inner tubes in DWCNTs are assumed to be structurally perfect, the role of defects on IFM was discussed. The dependence of IFM on electrochemical charging was also studied. In situ spectroelectrochemical data provide a means to distinguish the bands of the outer and inner tubes.
First Structural Determination of a Trivalent Californium Compound with Oxygen Coordination.
Authors: Sykora Richard E. , Assefa Zerihun , Haire Richard G. , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
[Cd2(Te6O13)][Cd2Cl6] and Cd7Cl8(Te7O17): Novel Tellurium(IV) Oxide Slabs and Unusual Cadmium Chloride Architectures.
Authors: Jiang Hai‐Long , Mao Jiang‐Gao 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Design of a New Family of Inorganic Compounds Ae2F2SnX3 (Ae: Sr, Ba; X: S, Se) Using Rock Salt and Fluorite 2D Building Blocks.
Authors: Kabbour Houria , Cario Laurent , Danot Michel , Meerschaut Alain 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Structure of Mg2.56V1.12W0.88O8 and Vibrational Raman Spectra of Mg2.5VWO8 and Mg2.5VMoO8.
Authors: Pless Jason D. , Kim Hack‐Sung , Smit Jared P. , Wang Xiandong , Stair Peter C. , Poeppelmeier Kenneth R. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Location, Acid Strength, and Mobility of the Acidic Protons in Keggin 12‐H3PW12O40: A Combined Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy and DFT Quantum Chemical Calculation Study.
Authors: Yang Jun , Janik Michael J. , Ma Ding , Zheng Anmin , Zhang Mingjin , Neurock Matthew , Davis Robert J. , Ye Chaohui , Deng Feng 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Magnetic Properties of the Spin Tetramer Compound Ba6La2Fe4O15.
Authors: Abe Kyosuke , Doi Yoshihiro , Hinatsu Yukio , Ohoyama Kenji 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Redox Behavior of Fe—Mo—O Catalysts Studied by Ultrarapid in situ Diffraction.
Authors: Jacques S. D. M. , Leynaud O. , Strusevich D. , Beale A. M. , Sankar G. , Martin C. M. , Barnes P. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Li2B12C2 and LiB13C2: Colorless Boron‐Rich Boride Carbides of Lithium.
Authors: Vojteer Natascha , Hillebrecht Harald 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
First Asymmetric Aminohydroxylation of Acrylamides.
Authors: Streuff Jan , Osterath Brigitte , Nieger Martin , Muniz Kilian 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Phase‐Transfer‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Aza‐Henry Reaction Using N‐Carbamoyl Imines Generated in situ from α‐Amido Sulfones.
Authors: Fini Francesco , Sgarzani Valentina , Pettersen Daniel , Herrera Raquel P. , Bernardi Luca , Ricci Alfredo 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hydrolysis of 7,7‐Substituted Derivatives of 3‐tert‐Butyl‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐thiazolo[3,2‐a][1,3,5]triazin‐6(7H)‐one.
Authors: Ramsh S. M. , Ivanenko A. G. , Shpilevyi V. A. , Medvedskiy N. L. , Kushakova P. M. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ruthenium Phosphine/Diimine Complexes: Syntheses, Characterization, Reactivity with Carbon Monoxide, and Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ketones.
Authors: Araujo Marcio P. , de Figueiredo Alberthmeiry T. , Bogado Andre L. , Von Poelhsitz Gustavo , Ellena Javier , Castellano Eduardo E. , Donnici Claudio L. , Comasseto Joao V. , Batista Alzir A. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Solvent‐Free Conversion of Alcohols into Iodides with NaI Supported on KSF Clay.
Authors: Tajbakhsh Mahmood , Hosseinzadeh Rahman , Lasemi Zahra , Rostami Ali 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Iodine‐Catalyzed Conversion of β‐Dicarbonyl Compounds into β‐Enaminones within a Minute under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Gogoi Siddhartha , Bhuyan Ranjana , Barua Nabin C. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Additions of Functionalized α‐Substituted Allylboronates to Aldehydes under the Novel Lewis and Broensted Acid Catalyzed Manifolds.
Authors: Carosi Lisa , Lachance Hugo , Hall Dennis G. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Simple and Facile Tetrahydropyranylation of Alcohols by Use of Catalytic Amounts of Benzyltriphenylphosphonium Tribromide.
Authors: Hajipour A. R. , Pourmousavi S. A. , Ruoho A. E. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Transfer Hydrogenation of Aldehydes with 2‐Propanol and Raney® Nickel.
Authors: Mebane Robert C. , Mansfield Amanda J. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Esterification of Long Chain Aliphatic Acids with Long Chain Alcohols Catalyzed by Multi‐Valent Metal Salts.
Authors: Mantri Kshudiram , Nakamura Ryo , Komura Kenichi , Sugi Yoshihiro 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Regio‐ and Enantioselective Ring‐Opening of Epoxides with HMDST: A Straightforward Access to 1,2‐Mercaptoalcohols.
Authors: Degl'Innocenti Alessandro , Capperucci Antonella , Cerreti Arianna , Pollicino Salvatore , Scapecchi Serena , Malesci Irene , Castagnoli Giulio 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Phenol Ugi—Smiles Systems: Strategies for the Multicomponent N‐Arylation of Primary Amines with Isocyanides, Aldehydes, and Phenols.
Authors: El Kaim Laurent , Grimaud Laurence , Oble Julie 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Selective Direct Aldol Reaction in Aqueous Media Catalyzed by Zinc—Proline.
Authors: Fernandez‐Lopez Ruben , Kofoed Jacob , Machuqueiro Miguel , Darbre Tamis 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.