bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Children's Justice Clinic: Ensuring high‐quality legal representation for children through clinical legal education
Authors: Hazen Katherine P. , Paxton Michelle , Herzfeld Abigail L. , Brank Eve M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractJuvenile and family law uniquely require interdisciplinary education and experience to balance children's and families' legal rights with their best interests. Clinical legal education provides third‐year law students with advanced and applied experience in a specific area of law to prepare them for legal practice. Recent developments in clinical legal education advance this experience by integrating interdisciplinary experts and reflective practice into clinics. The Children's Justice Clinic is one such clinic that integrates classroom teaching, clinical legal practice, multidisciplinary expert consultation, and reflective practice to train practice‐ready Guardians ad Litem. Evaluation results from the first 5 years of the Children's Justice Clinic demonstrates that the Clinic is making progress toward its goals to provide third‐year law students with the knowledge and skills necessary to be effective Guardians Ad Litem, increase interest in child welfare and juvenile law practice among law students, and increase access to high‐quality legal representation for children. This paper presents the results from the evaluation and shares lessons learned during clinic development and implementation.
Nubecularia‐coralline algal‐serpulid‐microbial bioherms of the Paratethys Sea—Distribution and paleoecological significance (upper Serravallian, upper Sarmatian, Middle Miocene)
Authors: Piller Werner E. , Harzhauser Mathias 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNubecularia bioherms represent unique bioconstructions that are restricted to the upper Serravallian of the Paratethys and have been reported since the 19th century. They occur in the Central Paratethys in the late Sarmatian and the Eastern Paratethys in the Bessarabian both regional stages of the respective Paratethyan areas. In this study, several locations in the Vienna and Styrian basins of the Central Paratethys were studied out of which four localities were documented in detail (Wolfsthal, Maustrenk, St. Margarethen—Zollhaus, Vienna—Ruzickagasse) to reconstruct their sedimentary setting, their internal composition, and their indications of environmental parameters. The detailed studies included logging of outcrop sections, petrographic, facies and biotic analyses of polished slabs and thin sections and also cathodoluminescence analyses. These concluded that these bioconstructions are not only composed of the foraminifer Nubecularia but represent a complex mixture and interrelationships of Nubecularia, serpulids and microbial carbonate. Four boundstone types can be differentiated: Nubecularia boundstone, Nubecularia‐coralline algal boundstone, stromatolitic/thrombolitic boundstone and serpulid‐nubeculariid‐microbial boundstone. The first 3 types are characteristic of specific localities; the fourth type occurs in all studied locations and represents the terminal association on top of the three other types. The three basal boundstones are predominantly of columnar growth form irrespective of dominance of Nubecularia, coralline algae or microbial carbonate, and the terminal boundstone is widely irregularly organized. The general depositional environment is characterized by cross‐bedded oolitic grainstones with abundant quartz grains, miliolid foraminifers and mollusks. Intercalated are microbial carbonates mostly stromatolites but also thrombolites. This indicates a general high water energy environment interrupted by more calm periods when the microbial carbonate was built. The 3 basal types of bioconstructions are interpreted to reflect decreasing food supply and/or oxygenation from Nubecularia over Nubecularia‐coralline algal to stromatolitic/thrombolitic boundstone. The serpulid‐nubeculariid‐microbial boundstone reflects an internal succession with a decrease of the same parameters. Water depth is considered very shallow ranging from 0 to a few meters, and salinity was normal marine to hypersaline. The reconstructed paleoenvironment with dominating oolite shoals and seagrass meadows was not restricted to the Central Paratethys but extended over the entire Paratethys and represented the largest oolite facies area of the entire Cenozoic!
Trophic interactions in soil micro‐food webs drive ecosystem multifunctionality along tree species richness
Authors: Shi Xiuzhen , Eisenhauer Nico , Peñuelas Josep , Fu Yanrong , Wang Jianqing , Chen Yuxin , Liu Shengen , He Lulu , Lucas‐Borja Manuel Esteban , Wang Liyan , Huang Zhiqun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRapid biodiversity losses under global climate change threaten forest ecosystem functions. However, our understanding of the patterns and drivers of multiple ecosystem functions across biodiversity gradients remains equivocal. To address this important knowledge gap, we measured simultaneous responses of multiple ecosystem functions (nutrient cycling, soil carbon stocks, organic matter decomposition, plant productivity) to a tree species richness gradient of 1, 4, 8, 16, and 32 species in a young subtropical forest. We found that tree species richness had negligible effects on nutrient cycling, organic matter decomposition, and plant productivity, but soil carbon stocks and ecosystem multifunctionality significantly increased with tree species richness. Linear mixed‐effect models showed that soil organisms, particularly arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and soil nematodes, elicited the greatest relative effects on ecosystem multifunctionality. Structural equation models revealed indirect effects of tree species richness on ecosystem multifunctionality mediated by trophic interactions in soil micro‐food webs. Specifically, we found a significant negative effect of gram‐positive bacteria on soil nematode abundance (a top‐down effect), and a significant positive effect of AMF biomass on soil nematode abundance (a bottom‐up effect). Overall, our study emphasizes the significance of a multitrophic perspective in elucidating biodiversity‐multifunctionality relationships and highlights the conservation of functioning soil micro‐food webs to maintain multiple ecosystem functions.
Treatment of severe hyponatremia with continuous renal replacement therapy: A case and review of corrective strategies
Authors: Der Mesropian Paul J. , Phillips Shawn , Naber Martha , Konduru Sunjeev , Shaikh Gulvahid , Hongalgi Krishnakumar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTreatment of severely hyponatremic patients with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) presents a unique challenge given the lack of commercial options for hypotonic replacement solutions or dialysate. We report the case of a 55‐year‐old male who presented with profound, symptomatic hyponatremia in the setting of acute kidney injury (AKI). The patient was found to have a serum sodium concentration of 97 mEq/L because of free water retention that occurred during severe AKI from viral gastroenteritis and rhabdomyolysis. Continuous veno‐venous hemofiltration (CVVH) was required for AKI complicated by hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, and uremia. To prevent overcorrection of serum sodium, replacement fluids customized to natremic status had to be prepared. Conventional replacement fluid was modified on a daily basis to create hypotonic solutions with successively higher sodium concentrations. Over the course of a week, serum sodium successfully improved in a controlled and safe fashion. This case incorporates and reviews the variety of methods that have been used to safely manage severe hyponatremia with CRRT.
BENEATH MEANING, ORIENTATIONAL NARRATIVES, AND DANTO'S ESSENTIALIST THEORY OF ART: ON NOËL CARROLL'S ELUCIDATIONS AND CONTESTATIONS
Authors: ERKAN EKIN 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTIn this review of Noël Carroll's Arthur Danto's Philosophy of Art: Essays, I focus on the issue of Danto's philosophy of art history and Carroll's position that, unlike Danto, we ought to understand Danto's “end of art (history)” thesis as an orientational narrative (that is, a pragmatic‐instrumental narrative with cognitive purchase) rather than as a historical‐scientific narrative. In making this case, I show how Carroll's argument demonstrates that Danto's “end of art (history)” thesis is in tension with Danto's philosophy of history. Furthermore, I engage and respond to the most substantive critiques that Carroll proffers in this text, especially as they concern Danto's philosophy of art history and the related issue of Danto's (art) historically anchored search for a definition of art. In giving special attention to the socio‐historical background conditions (namely, “the artworld” conditions) for an object to be conferred art status, I also show how Carroll's incisive reading offers a critical rejoinder to claims made by recent critics such as Robert B. Pippin and Ivan Gaskell, who have dehistoricized Danto's definition of art, claiming that it allows for any artist to enfranchise any object as an artwork, proper.
Study of online tensile properties for continuous ceramic fibers under high‐temperature loads
Authors: Zhang Chi , Jiang Liquan , Yu Hao , Zhu Kunkun , Xu Weilin , Li Wenbin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, a self‐developed online test platform for high‐temperature mechanical properties was utilized to test the tensile properties of three continuous ceramic fibers from room temperature to 1 000°C. It was observed that the tensile strength of all tested continuous ceramic fibers decreased significantly with increasing temperature. Specifically, significant peeling of the surface organic coating from room temperature to 400°C, inherent and newly formed defects exposed from 600°C to 1 000°C contributed to the decrease in tensile strength. More importantly, compared with room temperature, the strength of the silicon carbide fibers and the alumina fibers remained 29.7% and 20.2% respectively when stretched online at 1 000°C, while the quartz fibers dropped to 4.3% dramatically. These findings contribute valuable data for the potential application of ceramic fiber filaments as flexible thermal protection materials.
Facilitating content learning through translanguaging in secondary EMI science classrooms
Authors: He Yuhang , Zhou Xiaozhou (Emily) 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDespite the rigorous efforts made to promote the use of English as a medium of instruction (EMI), EMI teachers still face linguistic and pedagogical challenges in effectively delivering subject content in English. Previous research has revealed that, faced with such challenges, teachers employ various strategies to make subject knowledge accessible to students, including pedagogical translanguaging. However, there is little empirical evidence of how EMI teachers deploy pedagogical translanguaging to facilitate content learning in secondary science classrooms, particularly in countries or regions where English is not widely used outside schools. Against this backdrop, the current study adopts a qualitative approach to examine the pedagogical translanguaging practices of two EMI science teachers, as well as the factors contributing to their practices at an international secondary school in Shanghai, China. The methods used were video‐assisted classroom observation and semi‐structured interviews. These were subjected to multimodal conversation analysis and thematic analysis, respectively. The findings reveal that teachers’ pedagogical translanguaging practices involve strategically incorporating and orchestrating all multilingual, multimodal, and multisemiotic resources available to facilitate meaning‐making and enhance students’ comprehension of subject knowledge. Meanwhile, personal, social, and contextual factors play an important role in shaping teachers’ pedagogical translanguaging practices. This study showcases pedagogical translanguaging as a strategic means to create space for teaching and learning in EMI contexts, and provides useful insights into potential improvements to EMI pedagogy.
Size and ethnic homogeneity of extended social networks in the Netherlands: Differences between migrant groups and migrant generations
Authors: Jeroense Thijmen , Hofstra Bas , Spierings Niels , Tolsma Jochem 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExtended social networks encompass both weak and strong ties to provide social support and resources. Hence, it is important to study what explains variation in these networks. This paper addresses this and examines the size and ethnic homogeneity of extended social networks, and group differences therein, and it aims to explain these differences based on a preference–opportunities approach through a decomposition analysis. We apply state‐of‐the‐art NSUM methods to measure the extended networks for different ethnic‐majority and minoritized groups, also considering migrant generation differences, in the Netherlands. Results show that group differences in network size reflect first‐generation minority citizens having smaller networks and majority citizens having more ethnically homogeneous networks. More positive out‐group attitudes among the Moroccan– and Turkish–Dutch partly explain why these groups have less homogeneous networks than Dutch majority members. Differences in the ethnic composition of neighbourhoods also contribute to explaining the homogeneity gap between Dutch majority and Turkish‐Dutch.
Between a rock and a hard place: Multisystem resilience and Honduran youth migration intentions
Authors: Rivero Fuentes Maria Estela , Hare Tom , Miller‐Graff Laura 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMore is known about how ‘push factors’ motivate emigration and how immigrants adapt to their new environment than about psychological factors associated with migration intentions for those experiencing adversity in their country of origin. This paper explores the association between multisystem resilience and migration intentions among youth in Honduras. In this context of high economic need and contextual violence, higher levels of resilience are associated with higher levels of migration intentions among those who have a job and thus the ability to navigate or negotiate access to resources – economic, social and psychological – that make it possible to consider migration. Among those who have not been victims of violence and consequently may not have that motivation to migrate, higher levels of resilience are associated with lower migration intentions.
Omicron breakthrough infections after triple‐dose inactivated COVID‐19 vaccination: A comprehensive analysis of antibody and T‐cell responses
Authors: Xiang Tiandan , Quan Xufeng , Jia Hang , Wang Hua , Liang Boyun , Li Sumeng , Wang Xiaoyan , Li Huadong , Feng Xuemei , Fan Lei , Xu Ling , Wang Tong , Xiong Shue , Yang Dongliang , Liu Jia , Zheng Xin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study longitudinally evaluated the immune response in individuals over a year after receiving three doses of an inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine, focusing on reactions to Omicron breakthrough infections. From 63 blood samples of 37 subjects, results showed that the third booster enhanced the antibody response against Alpha, Beta, and Delta VOCs but was less effective against Omicron. Although antibody titres decreased post‐vaccination, SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific T‐cell responses, both CD4+ and CD8+, remained stable. Omicron breakthrough infections significantly improved neutralization against various VOCs, including Omicron. However, the boost in antibodies against WT, Alpha, Beta, and Delta variants was more pronounced. Regarding T cells, breakthrough infection predominantly boosted the CD8+ T‐cell response, and the intensity of the spike protein‐specific T‐cell response was roughly comparable between WT and Omicron BA.5.
TREM1/DAP12 based novel multiple chain CAR‐T cells targeting DLL3 show robust anti‐tumour efficacy for small cell lung cancer
Authors: Nie Fengqi , Chen Yuli , Hu Yanming , Huang Peng , Shi Xuefei , Cai Jingsheng , Qiu Mantang , Wang Enxiu , Lu Kaihua , Sun Ming 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC), recognized as the most aggressive subtype of lung cancer, presents an extremely poor prognosis. Currently, patients with small cell lung cancer face a significant dearth of effective alternative treatment options once they experience recurrence and progression after first‐line therapy. Despite the promising efficacy of immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and various other tumours, its impact on significantly enhancing the prognosis of SCLC patients remains elusive. DLL3 has emerged as a compelling target for targeted therapy in SCLC due to its high expression on the membranes of SCLC and other neuroendocrine carcinoma cells, with minimal to no expression in normal cells. Our previous work led to the development of a novel multiple chain chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) leveraging the TREM1 receptor and DAP12, which efficiently activated T cells and conferred potent cell cytotoxicity. In this study, we have developed a DLL3‐TREM1/DAP12 CAR‐T (DLL3‐DT CAR‐T) therapy, demonstrating comparable anti‐tumour efficacy against SCLC cells in vitro. In murine xenograft and patient‐derived xenograft models, DLL3‐DT CAR‐T cells exhibited a more robust tumour eradication efficiency than second‐generation DLL3‐BBZ CAR‐T cells. Furthermore, we observed elevated memory phenotypes, induced durable responses, and activation under antigen‐presenting cells in DLL3‐DT CAR‐T cells. Collectively, these findings suggest that DLL3‐DT CAR‐T cells may offer a novel and potentially effective therapeutic strategy for treating DLL3‐expressing SCLC and other solid tumours.
Dynamic competition and market structure for platform‐based products: roles of product quality and indirect network effect
Authors: Dou Guowei , Wei Kun , Ma Lijun , Lin Xudong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe consider dynamic competition between two platform‐based products that exhibit two‐sided network effects, such as game consoles and intelligent hardware. Firms compete in terms of pricing and Research & Development investment, which are driven by consumers’ marginal utility of quality, indirect network effects, and the differentiation between consumers’ preference for the products. We find that with a small marginal utility of consumers, the equilibrium investment of one firm increases first and decreases later with its product quality but is not obviously sensitive to the rival's. In contrast, with a large marginal utility, if the quality of the two products is comparable, the equilibrium investment increases substantially. However, if one product pulls ahead, the other firm will stop investing. Besides, we find that when the intrinsic value and the network value coexist, the market becomes more concentrated, even when consumers’ marginal utility is small. The market concentration increases in both the consumers’ marginal utility and the indirect network effect but decreases in the degree of differentiation between consumers’ preference toward the two products. Interestingly, we show that differentiation plays an important role in shaping the market structure only when the network effect is weak. Counterintuitively, we show that the differentiation corrodes firms’ total profits, which demonstrates that less fierce competition resulting from low substitution leads to a lower profit. Additionally, we reveal that dynamic interaction between quality and installed base motivates firms to improve from a low quality, the first‐mover advantage does not ensure market dominance.
Healthy work environment: A systematic review informing a nursing professional practice model in the US Military Health System
Authors: Williams Kathy M. , Campbell Caitlin Marley , House Sherita , Hodson Patricia , Swiger Pauline A. , Orina Judy , Javed Mariyam , Pierce Taylor , Patrician Patrician A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to develop recommendations for creating a healthy work environment based on current literature for nurses working within the US Military Health System (MHS). However, our findings would likely benefit other nursing populations and environments as well.DesignSystematic literature review.Data SourcesWe conducted a systematic literature search for articles published between January 2010 until January 2024 from five databases: PubMed, Joanna Briggs, Embase, CINAHL and Scopus.MethodsArticles were screened, selected and extracted using Covidence software. Article findings were synthesized to create recommendations for the development, implementation and measurement of healthy work environments.ResultsUltimately, a total of 110 articles met the criteria for inclusion in this review. The articles informed 13 recommendations for creating a healthy work environment. The recommendations included ensuring teamwork, mentorship, job satisfaction, supportive leadership, nurse recognition and adequate staffing and resources. Additionally, we identified strategies for implementing and measuring these recommendations.ConclusionsThis thorough systematic review created actionable recommendations for the creation of a healthy work environment. Based on available evidence, implementation of these recommendations could improve nursing work environments.ImpactThis study identifies methods for implementing and measuring aspects of a healthy work environment. Nurse leaders or others can implement the recommendations provided here to develop healthy work environments in their hospitals, clinics or other facilities where nurses practice.Reporting MethodPRISMA 2020 guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
The effects of clinical learning environment and career adaptability on resilience: A mediating analysis based on a survey of nursing interns
Authors: Xu Yutong , Zhang Wanting , Wang Jia , Guo Zihan , Ma Weiguang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe resilience education of intern nursing students has significant implications for the development and improvement of the nursing workforce. The clinical internship period is a critical time for enhancing resilience.AimsTo evaluate the resilience level of Chinese nursing interns and explore the effects of factors affecting resilience early in their careers, focusing on the mediating roles of career adaptability between clinical learning environment and resilience.MethodsThe cross‐sectional study design was adopted. From March 2022 to May 2023, 512 nursing interns in tertiary care hospitals were surveyed online with the Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale, the Clinical Learning Environment Scale for Nurse and the Career Adapt‐Abilities Scale. Structural equation modelling was used to clarify the relationships among these factors. Indirect effects were tested using bootstrapped confidence intervals.ResultsThe nursing interns showed a moderately high level of resilience [M (SD) = 70.15 (19.90)]. Gender, scholastic attainment, scholarship, career adaptability and clinical learning environment were influencing factors of nursing interns' resilience. Male interns with good academic performance showed higher levels of resilience. Career adaptability and clinical learning environment positively and directly affected their resilience level (β = 0.62, 0.18, respectively, p < .01). Career adaptability was also positively affected by the clinical learning environment (β = 0.36, p < .01), and mediated the effect of clinical learning environment on resilience (β = 0.22, p < .01).ConclusionClinical learning environment can positively affect the resilience level of nursing interns. Career adaptability can affect resilience directly and also play a mediating role between clinical learning environment and resilience. Thus, promotion of career adaptability and clinical teaching environment should be the potential strategies for nursing interns to improve their resilience, especially for female nursing interns with low academic performance.