bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies of Helical Aggregates of Molecules. I. Enantiomorphism in the Helical Aggregates of Optically Active 12-Hydroxystearic Acid and Its Lithium Salt
Authors: Tachibana Taro , Kambara Hideko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
It was found, by electron-microscope observation, that d(or l)-12-hydroxystearic acid and its Li soap crystallize from a solution in various solvents in the form of a twisted fiber. The twist was left-handed for the d-acid and right-handed for the l-acid, while the Li soap gave results just opposite to those of the corresponding acid. The Dl-acid separated out not fibers, but platelike crystals, and its Li soap produced non-twisted fibers. Thus, an enantiomorphic relationship for the sense of twist between the d-enantiomer and the l-enantiomer was found both for the acid and for the Li soap.
The “Circular Dichroism-sensitive Band” in the Optical Absorption of the Lanthanide(III) Complexes with Some Optically Active Ligands
Authors: Misumi Seizo , Kida Sigeo , Isobe Toshiyuki , Nishida Yuzo , Furuta Haruko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The circular dichroism and absorption spectra of Pr(III), Nd(III), Sm(III), Dy(III), Ho(III), Er(III) and Tm(III) complexes with some natural amino acids and L-EDDS have been measured at room temperature. The “circular dichroism-sensitive bands” have been observed on the J-bands where magnetic dipole transitions are allowed to some extent. The experimental results are in accordance with the theory proposed previously. The theory can be applied at least for lanthanide(III) complexes.
An MO-Theoretical Study of Several Bimolecular Reactions of Nucleophilic Reagents
Authors: Fukui Kenichi , Hao Hideyuki , Fujimoto Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The relative ease of the occurrence of SN2 and E2 reactions and the mechanism of related bimolecular processes, such as the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of carboxylic esters and the acid-catalyzed halogenation of aliphatic ketones, are discussed in connection with the MO-theoretical reactivity indices. The results indicate that the valence-inactive populations in the lowest unoccupied (LU) MO are useful reactivity indices for these nucleophilic reactions.
Some Remarks on the Fragmentation of Excited Ions in the Radiolysis of Hydrocarbons
Authors: Miyazaki Tetsuo , Tanno Kuniyasu , Shida Shoji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The fragmentation of excited ions in the liquid-phase radiolysis of hydrocarbons is explained by a new mechanism, which involves the fragmentation of a highly excited ion (M+**). The M+** ion is considered here to be the electronic excited states and to decompose by the following mechanism. The electronic excitation energy can spread over all C–C bonds in a molecule before its fragmentation and, when the mean excitation energy per C–C bond exceeds its bond energy, the excited ion decomposes instantaneously in one vibration. Further, the mass spectra of isobutane and isooctane are calculated by a simplified quasi-equilibrium theory by introducing the highly excited ion and are compared with experimental mass spectra and with the calculated values without introducing the highly excited ion.
The Formation of Transient Aromatic Ions in Solutions by the Flash Illumination
Authors: Kawai Kiyoshi , Yamamoto Naoto , Tsubomura Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Flash illumination of an oxygen-free acetonitrile solution containing p-dimethoxybenzene (DMB) and s-trinitrobenzene or chloranil gave a transient absorption spectrum of DMB cation. The decay of the transient absorption spectra follows the second-order reaction kinetics proving that the decay is brought about by the recombination of the anion and the cation after the flash illumination. The formation of the ion-pair may be explained as follows:
(Remark: Graphics omitted.)
Polarographic Study of Copper(II)-N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylene-diamine-N,N′,N′-triacetate and -2,2′-Ethylenedioxybis-[ethyliminodi(acetate)] Chelates
Authors: Kodama Mutsuo , Tominaga Yayoe 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
D.c. polarographic behavior of copper(II) ion in N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine-N,N′N′-triacetate (EDTA-OH) and 2,2′-ehtylenedioxybis[ethyliminodi(acetate)] (GEDTA) solutions was studied systematically. In an EDTA-OH solution, copper (II) ion gave invariably a single well-defined wave corresponding to the following two-electron reduction.
GuX−+nH++Hg+2e−\ightleftarrowsCu(Hg)+HnXn−3
On the other hand, in a GEDTA solution, two waves were obtained. The height of the first wave, which is reversible in nature, increases with increasing pH of the solution at the expense of the height of the irreversible second wave. From the relation between the half-wave potential and the concentrations of hydrogen ion, GEDTA and acetate ion, determined experimentally, the compositions and the stability constants of copper(II)-GEDTA chelates in solution were determined and the electrode reaction mechanism established:
(Remark: Graphics omitted.)
The 1:1 Complexes of Pyridine-2-carboxamide with Bivalent Metals
Authors: Sekizaki Masao , Tanase Masakazu , Yamasaki Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The 1 : 1 complexes of pyridine-2-carboxamide (piaH) with the bivalent metals, nickel, copper, cobalt, zinc and cadmium, were prepared and their structures determined through measurements of diffuse reflectance spectra, magnetic moments and infrared spectra. In these complexes, MX2-(piaH) (X=halogen), pyridine-2-carboxamide is likely to be coordinated to the metal through N(pyridine) and O(amide) atoms with two halogen atoms in the cis-position.
Anomalous Magnetic Properties of Stable Crystalline Phenoxyl Radicals
Authors: Mukai Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The results of static magnetic susceptibility measurements in the 1.8–300°K temperature range are reported on powder samples of the stable aromatic free radicals: 2,6-di-t-butyl-4(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dienylidene methyl) phenoxyl (Galvinoxyl) and 2,6-di-t-butyl-4(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dienylidene amino) phenoxyl (BIP) radicals. The susceptibility of Galvinoxyl follows the Curie-Weiss law above Tc=81±1°K, depending on the sample, with a Weiss constant of 11±3°K. However, at Tc=81°K, χp rapidly decreases, and below 66°K the susceptibility again increases, with different spin concentrations for independently-prepared samples as the temperature is lowered. A maximum at 81°K was also found by the EPR measurements; the anomaly of the susceptibility at this temperature is probably due to a first-order phase transition induced magnetically, accompanying the pairing of magnetic spins, judging from the results of differential thermal analysis and the magnetic susceptibility measurements. On the other hand, the magnetic susceptibility of the BIP radical exhibits a broad maximum at 54±2°K. This susceptibility can be explained approximately using a model which consists of a singlet ground state and a triplet state lying slightly above the ground state.
Studies of Actinium(III) in Various Solutions. II. Distribution Behavior of Lanthanum(III) and Actinium(III) in Some Chelate Extraction Systems
Authors: Sekine Tatsuya , Koike Yasuaki , Hasegawa Yuko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Distribution behavior of lanthanum(III) and actinium(III) at tracer concentrations was studied in metal chelate extraction systems where the organic phase was chloroform containing dibutylphosphate, thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA), β-isopropyltropolone or 5,7-dichloroxine. The separation factors for this pair of ions by extraction with these four chelating ligands were determined. The distribution behavior was also studied in the adduct chelate extraction systems where the organic phase was carbon tetrachloride containing mixed ligands, TTA-tributylphosphate (TBP) or TTA-methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK). The adduct formation constants for actinium-(III)-tris-TTA chelate with these neutral ligands were determined. Results were compared with previous results on the distribution behavior of other trivalent actinide and lanthanide ions in these systems. It was concluded that the separation of lanthanum-actinium was somewhat different from the separation of europium-americium in the same chelate extraction systems. The stabilities of the first adducts with TBP or MIBK of actinium TTA chelate were smaller than those of americium TTA chelate, but the stabilities of the second adducts showed just the reverse order. This tendency in adduct formation is the same as that observed among the lanthanum and europium adduct TTA chelates in previous work. Finally, the use of TTA-TBP mixture was recommended for the extraction of lanthanum(III) or actinium(III) at tracer concentrations based on the fact that the use of these mixed ligands resulted in much better recovery of material and better reproducibility of results than a single chelating ligand.
Hydrogenation and Hydrogenolysis. XI. The Hydrogenation of Methoxy- and Ethoxyanilines with a Ruthenium Catalyst
Authors: Nishimura Shigeo , Yoshino Hisashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Hydrogenation of methoxy- and ethoxyanilines with a ruthenium catalyst was investigated at 80°C under the hydrogen pressure of 80–100 kg/cm2. The amount of hydrogenolysis which occurred during hydrogenation varied with solvent from 35.1% in methanol to 8.5% in t-butyl alcohol in the hydrogenation of p-methoxyaniline. With use of t-butyl alcohol as solvent, good yields of methoxy- and ethoxycyclohexylamines were obtained from corresponding alkoxyanilines. It was shown that the rate of formation of cyclohexylamine increases with increasing polarity of solvent. m-Alkoxyanilines were found to hydrogenolyze more readily than the corresponding ortho or para isomers. For the greater tendency of meta isomers toward hydrogenolysis, an explanation based on the ionic cleavage of the carbon-oxygen bond was suggested.
Photochemistry of Acetanilide. II. The Primary Processes in the Photochemical Reaction
Authors: Shizuka Haruo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The photochemical primary processes of acetanilide have been discussed on the basis of the quantum yields in various solvents, the dependences of the quantum yields on the excitation wavelength, and the emission spectra. The quantum yields of the products (o-aminoacetophenone and p-aminoacetophenone) at 2537 Å decreased greatly in polar solvents. A non-linear relationship between the quantum yield and the fraction of hydrogen-bonded acetanilide in the cyclo-hexane-ethanol solution was obtained. No variation in the quantum yield was observed upon the change of the excitation from 2537 to 2740 Å. These results indicate the occurrence of a radiationless internal conversion, S1(ππ*)←S2(ππ*). The relative fluorescence intensity in a polar solvent was larger than that in a nonpolar solvent. On the basis of these studies, it can reasonably be considered that the primary process in the photochemical reaction of acetanilide involves predissociation.
Measurement of Negative Ions Formed by Electron Impact. II. The Ionization Efficiency Curves of Negative Nitro, Oxygen Atom and Nitromethylene Ions from Nitroalkanes
Authors: Tsuda Satoru , Yokohata Akira , Kawai Michihiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ionization efficiency (IE) curves of NO2−, O− and CH2NO2− ions from nitroalkanes (nitro-methane, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane and 2-nitropropane) have been measured with a Hitachi RMU-6D mass spectrometer. Based on each authorized value of IP(CH3, C2H5, C3H7, O and H), D(C–NO2, C–H, C–C, NO–O and N–O), EA(NO2 and O) and the excitation energy of CH3, the respective onsets observed for the electron energies above ∼3 eV on the IE curves were suggested to be interpreted as appearance potentials of the following reactions. For NO2− ions, RNO2+e→R*+NO2−, RNO2+e→R+NO2−+e; for O− ions, RNO2+e→RNO+O−, RNO2+e→RN+O+O−, RNO2+e→RN++O+O−+e;for CH2NO2− ions, CH3NO2+e→H+ CH2NO2−+e, RNO2+e→H+R1+CH2NO2−. On the other hand, the strong peak of NO2− ions due to the dissociative electron capture process (RNO2+e→R+NO2−) was observed at the lower electoron energy. Furthermore, a value of EA(CH2NO2) was presented to be ∼0.5 eV.
Photochemistry of Acridine and Acridan. Two Isomeric Forms of Acridine Semiquinone
Authors: Kira Akira , Koizumi Masao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A transient species characterized by the absorption peaks at 350 mμ and 560 mμ has been found in the flash photolysis of acridan in both benzene and methanol solutions. This species has been proved to be different from the acridine semiquinone reported already, but has been identified as another acridine semiquinone radical on the basis of its direct conversion to acridine and also from its low reactivity to oxygen which denies the possibility of being triplet acridan. Thus it is concluded that two isomeric forms of acridine semiquinone exist. From the result of the flash photolysis of biacridan, the one reported previously has been identified definitely with a radical having a hydrogen atom attached to the nitrogen atom of acridine. Therefore, the newly discovered one is most likely a radical with a hydrogen atom attached on the 9 carbon atom of acridine.
Electron Spin Resonance Study of Radicals Formed by Abstracting Hydrogen from Amides
Authors: Yonezawa Teijiro , Noda Isao , Kawamura Takashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Electron spin resonance (ESR) studies were made on various radicals formed from formamide, acetamide, N-methylformamide, N-methylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide and propionamide by hydrogen abstraction with hydroxyl radicals produced by the reaction of hydrogen peroxide and titanium trichloride in aqueous solution, using a rapid flow technique. In each case, except for formamide, various π-electron radicals were found. For formamide, N-methylformamide, and N,N-dimethylformamide, carbamoyl and its methyl substituted σ electron radicals were detected. The g factor of the σ electron radical is qualitatively discussed.
Detection of Sulfur Monoxide in the Pyrolysis of Ethylene Episulfoxide by Microwave Spectroscopy
Authors: Saito Shuji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Microwave spectroscopy has been applied to the study of the pyrolysis of ethylene episulfoxide in the vapor phase. The rotational lines of SO in the electronic ground state, 3Σ−, were observed with a good signal-to-noise ratio. The pyrolyzed sample of ethylene episulfoxide was analyzed semi-quantitatively by the use of the microwave spectra. It turned out that ethylene episulfoxide really decomposed into ethylene and sulfur monoxide. The mechanism of the thermal decomposition is discussed in detail.
The Charge-transfer Bands in the Crystal Spectra of Molecular Compounds of Tetramethylbenzidine and Those of Benzidine
Authors: Amano Takako , Kuroda Haruo , Akamatu Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The polarized absorption spectra in the 280–1100 mμ region have been observed for the single crystals of eight molecular compounds which involve N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylbenzidine and benzidine as the electron donor and p-chloranil, TCNQ, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, and p-benzoquinone as the electron acceptor. The donor and acceptor molecules are not in the ionic states in the ground states of these molecular compounds, in spite of the low ionization potentials of tetramethylbenzidine and benzidine. The observed spectra are composed of absorption bands associated with intramolecular transitions in the constituent molecules and those associated with the charge transfer from the donor to the acceptor. It was found that the polarization of the second charge transfer band is almost perpendicular to that of the first one in the case of chloranil and TCNQ, compounds of benzidine and tetramethylbenzidine. In other cases, the first and second charge transfer bands were confirmed to be polarized nearly parallel to each other as in a usual charge transfer molecular compound.
Emission Spectrographic Analysis of Metal Solid Samples with Plasma Jet Flame. I. Application of Nitrogen Plasma Flame
Authors: Hirokawa Kichinosuke , Gotô Hidehiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A small plasma jet burner for direct excitation of metal solid samples was developed. The optimum operating conditions are as follows; d.c. arc current about 15 A, flow rate of nitrogen tangentially introduced gas about 1.5–2 l/min, and that of atomizer gas about 3.5–4 l/min. The limit of detection of some elements were determined with solution samples. Satisfactory-calibration curves were also obtained for analyses of alloying elements in some solid form alloys.
Electronic Structure of Lone Pairs. I. Azine Compounds and Quinones
Authors: Yonezawa Teijiro , Yamabe Hiroko , Kato Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Molecular orbital investigations of the electronic structures of lone pairs of some azine compounds and quinones are carried out by the Hückel method and the extended Hückel method for σ and π electron systems. The delocalization and the s–p mixing of lone pairs are investigated. Qualitative discussions of the splitting of the lone-pair levels and the calculated n-π* transitions of these compounds are made. It is revealed that the Hückel method, which does not include direct interactions, gives an incorrect prediction for the symmetry of the energy levels of pyridazine. After comparative discussions, it is concluded that the lone paris couple with each other directly “through-space” as well as “through-bond.”
Photo-Aryl Coupling and Related Reactions. III. The Transannular Dehydrogenation of [2.2]Metacyclophane Induced by Iodine
Authors: Sato Takeo , Wakabayashi Meiko , Hayashi Shigenari , Hata Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ultraviolet irradiation of [2.2]metacyclophane (I) with iodine in a cyclohexane solution was shown to afford 4,5,9,10-tetrahydropyrene (II), which, on further dehydrogenation, was led to 4,5-dihydropyrene and pyrene. The transannular reaction leading to II occurred much more rapidly than the subsequent dehydrogenation reactions. Thus II was obtainable in an optimum yield of 62% by the irradiation of I in the presence of an equimolar amount of iodine and an excess of sodium bicarbonate. By ESR and UV spectral studies, 253.7 mμ light was found to be responsible for the transannular reaction.
Basicity of Dimethyl Sulfoxide in an Aqueous Solution as Measured by the Spectrophotometric Indicator Method
Authors: Wada Goro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The basic nature of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has been known in water, and so has its pKa value, which varies somewhat according to the measuring methods. In the present work, a spectrophotometric method employing thymol blue and o-nitroaniline as indicators was applied; the thermodynamical pKa° value of DMSO was determined to be −1.04 at 25°C. Since there is no dependence of pKa° upon the temperature, the proton transfer from water to DMSO in water is likely to be athermal.
Heat of Immersion of Titanium Dioxide in Water. I. The Effect of the Hydration Treatment of Titanium Dioxide
Authors: Morimoto Tetsuo , Nagao Mahiko , Omori Teiji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
On anatase and rutile, three samples which differ in the extent of hydration treatment have been prepared, and the surface area, the water content, and the heat of immersion have been measured. The hydration treatment of the sample increases the water content of the sample and lowers the sintering temperature. These facts suggest that the condensation dehydration of surface hydroxyl groups from the facing surfaces of contacting particles is effective for sintering. The plot of the heat of immersion vs. the pretreatment temperature shows a maximum at about 400°C, and the heat of immersion is larger in the sample subjected to heavy hydration treatment. The heat of surface hydration, calculated from the plot of the heat of immersion vs. the water content, does not vary with the hydration treatment; it averages 25.2 and 19.0 kcal/mol H2O for anatase and rutile respectively.
The Chromium(III) Complexes with Anthranilicdiacetic Acid
Authors: Tomita Takeshi , Kyuno Eishin , Tsuchiya Ryokichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The following chromium(III) complexes containing the anthranilicdiacetic acid (ATDA) were prepared: [Cr(atda)*(H2O)2]·3H2O (reddish-violet) (I), K[Cr(OH)(atda)(H2O)] (bluish-violet) (II), [Cr(atda)(phen)*]·3H2O (red) (III), [Cr(atda)(dipy)*·2H2O (red) (IV), [Cr(atda)(en)*]·2H2O (red) (V) and K[Cr(atda)(acac)*] (violet) (VI). From the results of electronic spectra, molar conductivities, chemical and thermal analyses and IR spectra, it was concluded that the Complexes I, II and VI belong to the [CrO5N], and III, IV and V belong to the [CrO3N3] type. ATDA in all these complexes obtained was found to behave only as a quadridentate ligand. The values of the effective magnetic moments were found to be 3.7–3.9 B. M., nearly equal to the spin-only values of the tervalent chromium. \oindent(* atda, phen, dipy, en and, acac are the basic forms of anthranilic acid, o-phenanthroline, 2,2′-dipyridyl, ethylenediamine and acetylacetone respectively.
Circular Dichroism of Chromium(III) Complexes. I. l-Tartrato Complexes. Their Stereospecific Formation and Spin-forbidden Absorption Bands
Authors: Kaizaki Sumio , Hidaka Jinsai , Shimura Yoichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Two novel mixed chromium (III) complexes containing l-tartrates and 2,2′-dipyridyl or 1,10-phenanthroline have been prepared, and their electronic absorption and circular dichroism spectra and the rotatory dispersion have been measured in the region of near-infrared to ultraviolet. From the construction of molecular models and from the comparison of the CD bands of the present complexes with those of the resolved oxalato complexes, (−)546-K[Cr(ox)2(dip)]·3H2O and (−)546-K[Cr(ox)2(phen)]·4H2O, it has been concluded that the present complexes have a binuclear structure in which two Cr(III) ions are bridged by two tetradentate l-tartrato ligands and that the absolute configuration of the binuclear complexes is Λ(C2)-Λ(C2). Their formation is completely stereospecific and their formulae are represented by Ba[Cr2(l-tart2H)(dip)2]2·9H2O and NH4[Cr2(l-tart2H)(phen)2]·6.5H2O. The absolute configurations of several complexes which commonly belong to a general type, cis-[Cr(O)4(N)2] have been determined on the basis of circular dichroism studies of the present binuclear complexes. The circular dichroism in the spin-forbidden absorption band region have also been measured and discussed.
The Three-dimensional Structure of Macromolecules. I. The Conformation of Ethylene Polymers by the Monte Carlo Method
Authors: Suzuki Keizo , Nakata Yoshiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The Monte Carlo method is employed on a high-speed digital computer in order to generate non-intersecting random chains simulating polymer molecules. For this purpose the GT-model of polyethylene is used. Suitable potential functions are used to calculate the energy and the probability of each chain conformation thus generated. The nonbonded-interaction energy is calculated by the Lennard-Jones “6–12” potential function. The average dimensions are then calculated by using this energy. It is suggested that the hydrogen atoms contribute largely to the statistical properties of the ethylene polymers.
Syntheses and Properties of Metal Chelates of Ethanediylidenetetrathiotetraacetic Acid (ETTA) and Some Other Thioglycolic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Ouchi Akira , Ohashi Yayoi , Takeuchi Toshio , Yoshino Yukichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Some new metal chelate compounds of ethanediylidenetetrathiotetraacetic acid (H4ETTA), Co2L·5H2O, Cu2L·4H2O, Zn2L·3H2O, Ni2L·6H2O, and FeHL·3.5H2O, where H4L is H4ETTA, were obtained. The infrared spectra and other properties of these compounds were compared with those of the metal complexes of other thioglycolic acid derivatives, some of which are also new compounds. Judging from the wave numbers of the stretching bands, the carboxyl group of these complexes can be said to be rather ionic. Though the bond is not very strong, thioglycolic acid derivatives seem to bond with the central metal ion with both the sulfur atom and the carboxyl group.