bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UV radiation at 222, 254, and 282 nm inhibits sporulation and suppresses infectivity of
Eimeria acervulina
oocysts
Authors: Baumann Aaron A. , Myers Addison K. , Khajeh-Kazerooni Niloofar , Wise-Mitchell Ashley , Rosenthal Benjamin M. , Jenkins Mark C. , O'Brien Celia , Fuller Lorraine , Tremaine Samuel , Morgan Mark , Lenaghan Scott C. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Eimeria acervulina
is one of several apicomplexan parasites that can cause the economically important disease avian coccidiosis, which is transmitted
via
the fecal-oral route. It is also a valuable model for exploring interventions capable of reducing the public health risks posed by the related foodborne parasite
Cyclospora cayetanensis
. Unsporulated (noninfectious) oocysts are shed in the feces and sporulate in the environment to become infectious. In this study, the effect of UV radiation (UVR) on
E. acervulina
sporulation efficiency was evaluated. Nonstandard wavelengths including 222 and 282 nm have been established as alternatives to standard 254 nm UVR for sterilization. To address the disinfection capability of these nonstandard wavelengths,
E. acervulina
sporulation was scored following treatment under three wavelengths: 222, 254, or 282 nm. Each wavelength significantly (
P
< 0.05) reduced the sporulation rate relative to untreated controls, supporting the utility of nonstandard UVR treatments for coccidian inactivation. Furthermore, infectivity assays showed that chickens administered
E. acervulina
treated at each wavelength shed significantly fewer oocysts (
P
< 0.05) than those that received untreated oocysts, demonstrating a near 3-log reduction and verifying that these alternative wavelengths successfully break the transmission cycle. Owing to its biological similarity with the emerging enteric parasite
Cyclospora cayetanensis
, it is proposed that disinfection with 222 or 282 nm UVR will likewise be efficacious against
Cyclospora
.

IMPORTANCE

Coccidian parasites cause enteric disease in animals and people. For example,
Eimeria acervulina
imposes major economic burdens on the poultry industry and provides a surrogate for investigating means to mitigate the foodborne risk that
Cyclospora cayetanensis
poses to human health. Previous work established that UV radiation at 254 nm can inactivate the oocysts of
E. acervulina,
but radiation at this wavelength harms human skin and eyes. Since nonstandard UVR at wavelengths of 222 and 282 nm shows promise against pathogens like
Giardia
and
Cryptosporidium,
the present work sought to determine whether such exposures could arrest
E. acervulina
development and reduce their infectivity. These nonstandard wavelengths proved capable of disrupting transmission. Epidemiological evidence suggests
Cyclospora
transmission through the food chain; the use of nonstandard UV wavelengths represents a promising method to inactivate coccidian oocysts, thereby protecting produce supply chains while, specifically in the case of 222 nm, incurring less risk to occupational health.
Candida auris
isolates from New York outbreak are highly pathogenic with measurable experimental disease in
Galleria mellonella
Authors: Anower Md. Rokebul , Dennis Emily , Chaturvedi Sudha , Chaturvedi Vishnu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Candida auris
causes prolonged colonization and bloodstream infections in hospitalized patients. Different
C. auris
clades vary in their geographic origin, disease spectrum, and antifungal resistance, but biological basis underlying such variations needs further examination. Therefore, we investigated susceptible and multidrug-resistant
C. auris
isolates, obtained early in the New York outbreak, to benchmark their pathogenic potential in caterpillar worms of greater wax moth
Galleria mellonella
. Healthy
G. mellonella
worms responded to
C. auris
in a strain-specific, dose-responsive pattern. Three drug-resistant, clade I
C. auris
17-1, 18-1, and 18-2 isolates caused high mortality, while a control, drug-susceptible, clade II
C. auris
16-1 caused lower mortality (
P
< 0.001) with graded inocula (1 × 10
4
to 1 × 10
7
CFU). Virulence correlated with fungal growth in hemolymph as
C. auris
17-1, 18-1 and 18-2 reached high fungal cell load in the infected larvae, while
C. auris
16-1 multiplied less proficiently. The degree of melanization was higher in worms infected with more pathogenic
C. auris
. Hemocoel histopathology showed more fungal elements and about 50 granulomas per profile for
C. auris
17-1, 18-1 and 18-2 compared to 5 to 10 granulomas for
C. auris
16-1. With more pathogenic
C. auris
isolates, the expression of gallerimycin, ceropin, and galiomycin increased significantly (
P
< 0.05). Thus, the induction of
G. mellonella
immune effector peptides, histopathological responses, and melanization are proportionate to
C. auris
pathogenic potential. However,
G. mellonella
from different vendors showed unpredictable quality upon delivery that impacted feasibility and reproducibility of planned studies. Our results indicate utility of
G. mellonella
experimental model for screening of
C. auris
pathogenesis depending upon quality of worms commercially available in the USA.

IMPORTANCE

The New York metropolitan area continues to suffer from the largest, ongoing outbreak of drug-resistant
Candida auris
. It is necessary to gather more information to determine if
C. auris
isolates from this outbreak vary in their ability to cause more severe disease in affected patients. Therefore, we studied the experimental model of greater wax moth
Galleria mellonella
. We found that susceptible and drug-resistant NY
C. auris
isolates caused measurable disease in
G. mellonella
. There was a good correlation between pathogenic potential of
C. auris
and melanin in the infected worms, fungal elements in worm hemolymph, uptick in the genes involved in insect immunity, and histopathological changes. The worms sourced from various commercial vendors were of variable quality. We confirm that
G. mellonella
remains a facile model to study
C. auris
experimental disease.
Microwave Activation of the [FeCl3·6H2O–TsOH·H2O]-Catalyzed Reaction of Norbornene with Organic Nitriles
Authors: Frolova K. S. , Zosim T. P. , Ramazanov I. R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
An efficient catalytic system consisting of 20 mol % FeCl3·6H2O and 20 mol % of p-toluenesulfonic acid has been proposed for the amidation of norbornene in toluene with organic nitriles under microwave irradiation at 95°C for 1 h. The corresponding N-(norbornan-2-exo-yl) carboxamides have been obtained with high yields. The efficiency of InCl3 in the amidation of norbornene with aryl cyanides has been demonstrated for the first time.
Investigating processes to support and improve informed financial consent in Australian cancer services: an implementation process mapping study and analysis
Authors: Mazariego Carolyn , Cox Raylene , Kennedy Elizabeth , Whittaker Kate , Taylor Natalie , Varlow Megan 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesThrough implementation process mapping and thematic analysis, this study aimed to understand existing pathways of established informed financial consent (IFC) processes to develop general recommendations for implementing IFC in various cancer care settings.DesignImplementation science-based process mapping qualitative study. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) informed the development of interview questions and a process map outlining a normative process or workflow for patient consults was used during the interviews.SettingAustralian cancer care provider health services.ParticipantsAustralian healthcare professionals who provide services to cancer patients and indicated having an IFC process or activities in their service were approached through existing networks to participate in a semistructured interview.ResultsTen healthcare professionals who regularly worked with cancer patients were interviewed. IFC processes varied by professional specialty (ie, general practice, surgery, radiation oncology and medical oncology) and healthcare settings (eg, public and private). An aggregated process map that highlights the key components of IFC processes discussed was created and includes strategies such as centralised points of contact, consolidated information delivery, reiteration of information by others or at various time-points and the use of follow-up appointments to revisit the financial impact of treatment. Interview themes identified barriers and facilitators such as training, resources and templates that to support or hinder IFC in accordance with CFIR domains.ConclusionsThe themes and aggregated process map provide timely recommendations for healthcare professionals who provide services to cancer patients to facilitate IFC with their patients prior to treatment or as treatment changes. These practical actions will assist healthcare professionals and services providing cancer care to integrate IFC practices and processes into their routine patient interactions. Further work should identify implementation strategies to integrate and scale-up these evidence-based IFC processes and practices across the healthcare system.
Effect of sleep quality on the severity of perimenstrual symptoms in Japanese female students: a cross-sectional, online survey
Authors: Oda Sakura , Maeda Noriaki , Tashiro Tsubasa , Mizuta Rami , Komiya Makoto , Arima Satoshi , Nagasawa Takaaki , Naito Koichi , Urabe Yukio 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between sleep quality and perimenstrual symptoms among Japanese female students.DesignObservational, cross-sectional, online surveySettingWe used an online questionnaire to collate responses from Japanese female students on sleep quality and perimenstrual symptoms.ParticipantsA total of 298 female students aged 18–25 years in Japan were included in this study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ) was used to assess the severity of perimenstrual symptoms for three periods—premenstrual, menstrual and postmenstrual—and the Japanese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep quality. The MDQ scores were compared between two groups (normal-sleep quality and low-sleep quality) using Mann-Whitney U test. In addition, multiple logistic regression analysis was performed, and the MDQ subscales that showed significant differences between the groups were used as independent variables. The MDQ subscale that was strongly associated with sleep quality was calculated.ResultsOf the female students, 160 were classified into the normal-sleep quality group and 138 into the low-sleep quality group. The total MDQ scores were significantly higher in the low-sleep quality group at all phases of the menstrual cycle (respectively p<0.05). Among the MDQ subscales, ‘pain’ during menstruation and ‘concentration’ in the premenstrual and postmenstrual stages were associated with sleep quality (respectively p<0.05).ConclusionsImproving sleep quality was one possible strategy to reduce the severity of perimenstrual symptoms. These results may provide useful information for Japanese female students who suffer from perimenstrual symptoms.
Korean patients with hereditary cancer: a prospective multicentre cohort study protocol exploring psychosocial and health outcomes
Authors: Kim Jun-Kyu , Jang Mi-Ae , Park Jong Eun , Won Dongju , Ha Jung-Sook , Kim Kyoung-Bo , Park Boyoung , Kong Sun-Young 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionAlthough genetic testing for hereditary cancers is increasing, data on health attitudes based on genetic pathogenicity are limited. This cohort study aims to establish three subcohorts based on genetic testing results to assess the health impact of genetic variations. This study evaluates changes in participant quality of life (QoL), unmet needs and mental health over time based on their genetic variant status.Methods and analysisThis prospective cohort study will recruit 1435 patients with suspected hereditary cancer who have undergoneBRCA1/2or next-generation sequencing (NGS) testing. The study began in July 2023 and will continue until December 2027. By 2026, participants will be surveyed up to four times annually during their outpatient visits. The survey consists of 342 items across 5 domains: comorbidities (96), health behaviours (80), QoL (41), unmet needs (75) and mental health (50). Data were collected using 11 validated surveys. In addition, information on the chronic diseases, cancer diagnoses, medical history and treatment history of participants will be extracted from their electronic medical records to analyse their health status and cancer treatment experiences. Genetic variant data fromBRCA1/2and NGS will be used to classify participants into three subcohorts: pathogenic variants, variants of uncertain significance and undetectable mutations. A three-generation pedigree that includes details such as the year of cancer diagnosis, age at diagnosis, cancer type, survival status of family members and age at death will be constructed for each participant. The collected data will be linked to secondary sources such as cancer registries and National Health Insurance Service data to provide a comprehensive analysis of the impact of hereditary cancer on health and survival.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol was approved by all the Ethics Committees: the National Cancer Center IRB (NCC2023-0179), the Samsung Medical Center IRB (SMC2023-09-057), the Yonsei University Health System, Severance Hospital IRB (4-2023-0627), the Hanyang University Guri Hospital IRB (GURI2023-08-021) and the Keimyung University IRB (DSMC IRB 2024-05-048). The study outcomes will be disseminated through conference presentations, peer-reviewed publications and social media.Trial registration numberKCT0009460.
Oncolytic virus OH2 extends survival in patients with PD-1 pretreated melanoma: phase Ia/Ib trial results and biomarker insights
Authors: Wang Xuan , Tian Hui , Chi Zhihong , Si Lu , Sheng Xinan , Hu Han , Gu Xiangyong , Li Siming , Li Caili , Lian Bin , Zhou Li , Mao Lili , Tang Bixia , Yan Xieqiao , Wei Xiaoting , Li Juan , Liu Binlei , Guo Jun , Kong Yan , Cui Chuanliang 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundOH2 is an oncolytic virus derived from herpes simplex virus type 2. A phase Ia/Ib clinical trial in China was conducted in patients with unresected stage III–IV melanoma, the majority of whom had the acral type, to assess the safety and preliminary efficacy of OH2.MethodsThe trial enrolled patients with histologically confirmed unresectable stage III or advanced stage IV melanoma. In phase Ia, nine patients received OH2 single-dose treatment across three dose levels (106, 107, and 108CCID50/mL, where CCID50represents cell culture infectious dose 50%) while six patients underwent multidose therapy. Phase Ib expanded the proposed dose. Antitumor efficacy was evaluated using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors and immune-RECIST guidelines.NCT04386967is the clinical trial identifier.ResultsAll 44 patients were enrolled. OH2 was well tolerated without serious adverse events (AEs) or deaths reported. No Grade 3 or higher treatment-related AEs occurred. In phase Ia, the 1-year survival rate was 92.9% (95% CI, 59.1% to 99.0%), with a median overall survival of 28.9 months (95% CI, 12.7 to not reached). In phase Ib, 10 patients achieved immune-partial response (iPR)/partial response (PR), yielding an objective response rate (ORR) of 37.0% (95% CI, 19.4% to 57.6%), with 6 patients still responding. The rate of the durable response (PR or complete response lasting at least 6 months) was at least 29.6% (8/27). Notably, 7 of 12 III–IVM1a patients who previously received programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) therapy achieved iPR/PR, with an ORR of 58.3% (95% CI, 27.7% to 84.8%) and a disease control rate of 75.0% (95% CI, 42.8% to 94.5%). Biomarker analysis indicated that elevated baseline neutrophil activation state correlated with poorer clinical outcomes. A phase III clinical trial is ongoing in China (NCT05868707).ConclusionsOH2 oncolytic virotherapy exhibited a favorable safety profile without dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) and demonstrated durable antitumor efficacy in patients with melanoma, especially in those who had progressed on anti-PD-1 treatment.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov identifierNCT04386967.
Single-chain variable fragment affinity tuning can optimize anti-AML CAR-NK cell functionality
Authors: Rahnama Ruyan , Kizerwetter Monika , Yang Huilin , Christodoulou Ilias , Guaraca Christian , Holl Natalie Jordan , Choe Jun , Vorri Stamatia C , Zinsky Megan , Jones Danielle G , Garcia Espinoza Nikol , Kuo Yun-Huai , Zahurak Marianna , Varadhan Ravi , Spangler Jamie B. , Bonifant Challice L. 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundNatural Killer (NK) cells have intrinsic anticancer activity that can be redirected toward acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) engineering. Here, we study the functional consequences of CAR binding affinity and targeted epitope on CAR-NK cell activation, cytolytic synapse formation, and antitumor activity.MethodsWe characterized NK-92 and primary NK cell populations expressing variant affinity AML-specific CARs containing single-chain variable fragments (scFvs, 26292 or 7G3) targeting two epitopes on CD123. 26292 affinity variants were discovered through directed evolution of an error-prone mutagenic library, while 7G3 affinity variants were previously reported. The resulting CAR-NK cell panel was studied with in vitro binding, activation, and cytotoxicity studies and in mouse xenograft models.Results26292 and 7G3 CARs of variable CD123 binding affinities were highly expressed in NK cells and conferred antigen-specific activation in vitro. High-resolution imaging demonstrated greater clustering of high-affinity 7G3 CAR-NK cells and consequent AML target cell death in a short-term time lapse. Low-affinity 7G3 CAR-NK cells exhibited enhanced antigen density discrimination with greater membrane-proximal signaling, cytokine production, and cytotoxicity. In longer-term assays, low-affinity 7G3 CAR-NK cells demonstrated more sustained killing of AML cells. In vivo testing highlighted greater expansion of low-affinity 7G3 CAR-NK cells in two xenograft models.ConclusionsExpression of 26292 and 7G3 CARs with a range of CD123 binding affinities in NK cells leads to antigen-specific activation and cytotoxicity against AML. Affinity-based differences in functional activation and antitumor activity are dependent on time course and are scFv/epitope specific.
UBE2T/CDC42/CD276 signaling axis mediates brain metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer via lysosomal autophagy
Authors: Shi Liang Liang , Chen Yan , Xie Ming Xing , Chen Qian Zhi , Qiao Xin Wei , Cheng Qi Hong , Li Lin , Fu Rong , Liang Tao , Jiang Xiaobing , Wang Min Jie , Yao Jin , Li Jun Jun 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundAdvanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is prone to brain metastasis (BrM). The precise molecular mechanism responsible for this phenomenon has not yet been completely established, so it is vital to comprehend the molecular mechanism behind it.MethodsThe protein chip analysis was conducted to identify any abnormal UBE2T protein expression in TNBC, especially BrM. Here, we used public databases and bioinformatics analysis as well as clinical samples from different cohorts to investigate the interrelationship between UBE2T/CDC42/CD276. This predicted relationship was then repeatedly validated using different in vivo and in vitro experimental methods. Additionally, multiple experimental approaches were implemented, encompassing western blotting, Co-IP, GST pull-down, flow cytometry, mass spectrometry, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR to reveal the molecular mechanism of UBE2T-mediated immune escape and BrM.ResultsOur results indicate that expressed at elevated levels in breast cancer, UBE2T is negatively linked to patient prognosis, especially in BrM of TNBC. Data from clinical samples from our different cohorts and TCGA indicate a significant correlation between UBE2T and immunosuppression. Mechanistically, UBE2T directly interacts with CDC42, promoting its K48-linked polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thereby inhibiting CDC42 from degrading CD276 via the autophagy-lysosomal pathway, indirectly upregulating CD276 and thereby impairing the CD8+T cells function, ultimately mediating tumor immune escape and BrM. Finally, animal experimental results also showed that inhibition of UBE2T elevated the TNBC sensitivity to immune checkpoint CD276 blockade and inhibited BrM of TNBC.ConclusionsIn conclusion, our results indicate a new mechanism whereby UBE2T-mediated ubiquitination positively controls the UBE2T/CDC42/CD276 axis to upregulate tumor cell expression of CD276 and thereby impair CD8+T cells function, ultimately leading to tumor cell immune escape and BrM.
Doxycycline prophylaxis for bacterial sexually transmitted infection prevention in Vietnam: awareness, attitudes and willingness to use among men who have sex with men using HIV-PrEP
Authors: Bui Hao T M , Adamson Paul C , Klausner Jeffrey D , Le Giang M. , Gorbach Pamina M 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesDoxycycline prophylaxis shows promise for bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention, but data primarily come from high-income countries. This study assessed awareness, willingness and factors associated with willingness to use doxycycline for bacterial STI prevention among men who have sex with men (MSM) using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (HIV-PrEP) in Vietnam.MethodsBetween 25 January and 4 February 2024, a cross-sectional study recruited males aged ≥18 years who reported having sex with men in the past 12 months from 11 HIV-PrEP clinics in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. Self-administered surveys were conducted, and multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify factors associated with willingness to use doxycycline prophylaxis.ResultsAmong 350 participants, the median age was 25 (IQR 21–30), and 10.6% self-reported a bacterial STI diagnosis in the past 12 months. In the previous 6 months, the median number of sex partners was 2 (IQR 1–4), 53.1% reported condomless anal sex. Awareness of doxycycline was low (20.2%; 65/322); however, 75.4% (264/350) expressed willingness to use it, with 63.6% (168/264) preferring doxyPrEP. Participants who disclosed HIV-PrEP use to all sex partners (adjusted OR (aOR) 4.17; 95% CI 1.84, 9.46) and those with higher perceived STI risk (aOR 1.12; 95% CI 1.03, 1.22) were more likely to report willingness to use doxycycline prophylaxis. Concerns about daily medication (aOR 0.43; 95% CI 0.24, 0.81) and fear of judgement from peers (aOR 0.41; 95% CI 0.21, 0.81) were associated with lower willingness.ConclusionsKnowledge of doxycycline prophylaxis among MSM on HIV-PrEP in Vietnam was low. However, most expressed willingness to use it, with two-thirds preferring doxyPrEP. Findings highlight the need to disseminate information on doxycycline prophylaxis for bacterial STI prevention, monitoring the usage and evaluating comparative effectiveness of doxyPEP and doxyPrEP to guide implementation efforts in Vietnam.