bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imitating and exploring the human brain's resting and task-performing states via brain computing: scaling and architecture
Authors: Lu Wenlian , Zeng Longbin , Wang Jiexiang , Xiang Shitong , Qi Yang , Zheng Qibao , Xu Ningsheng , Feng Jianfeng 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
A computational human brain model with the voxel-wise assimilation method was established based on individual structural and functional imaging data. We found that the more similar the brain model is to the biological counterpart in both scale and architecture, the more similarity was found between the assimilated model and the biological brain both in resting states and during tasks by quantitative metrics. The hypothesis that resting state activity reflects internal body states was validated by the interoceptive circuit's capability to enhance the similarity between the simulation model and the biological brain. We identified that the removal of connections from the primary visual cortex (V1) to downstream visual pathways significantly decreased the similarity at the hippocampus between the model and its biological counterpart, despite a slight influence on the whole brain. In conclusion, the model and methodology present a solid quantitative framework for a digital twin brain for discovering the relationship between brain architecture and functions, and for digitally trying and testing diverse cognitive, medical and lesioning approaches that would otherwise be unfeasible in real subjects.
Textures and Chemistry of Crystal Cargo of the Pleiades Volcanic Field, Antarctica: Potential Influence of Ice Load in Modulating the Plumbing System
Authors: Rocchi Irene , Tomassini Alice , Masotta Matteo , Petrelli Maurizio , Ágreda López Mónica , Rocchi Sergio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Pleiades Volcanic Field (PVF) of northern Victoria Land (Antarctica) is made up of a dozen scoria cones whose erupted products present an unusually complete evolutionary trend from alkali-basalt to trachyte. With the aim of reconstructing the evolution of the PVF plumbing system, we have investigated the petrography and chemistry of main mineral phases using scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS) coupled with major element analyses using an electron probe microanalyser (EPMA-WDS). We further focussed on clinopyroxene phenocrysts obtaining a more detailed characterization by means of trace laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) element analyses coupled with machine learning thermobarometry. The results indicate that fractional crystallization and magma mixing are the major processes determining the development of the complete evolution trend. While fractional crystallization is a persistently active process in all parts of the plumbing system, mixing among differently evolved magma batches pertaining to the same association is responsible for the formation of intermediate compositions in the differentiation lineage at a specific pressure range (0.4–0.5 GPa). These processes are compatible with significant residence time of magmas at depth, resulting in multiple episodes of magma mixing, as testified by resorption and overgrowth textures in phenocryst assemblage occurring under isobaric conditions. The prolonged residence time likely increased the efficiency of the mixing process, leading to the formation of magmas with intermediate composition. In turn, the build-up of volatiles during the magma differentiation at depth could have favoured the eruption of these (variably differentiated) magmas. Considering that the PVF is situated in a glacial region, a process forcing long magma residence time can be envisaged associated with increased ice loading during glacial stages. This study specifically considers the ice fluctuations in the last 100 ka, theorizing the possibility of a climate-controlled volcano plumbing system.
Psychedelics in PERIL: The Commercial Determinants of Health, Financial Entanglements and Population Health Ethics
Authors: Buchman Daniel , Rosenbaum Daniel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The nascent for-profit psychedelic industry has begun to engage in corporate practices like funding scientific research and research programs. There is substantial evidence that such practices from other industries like tobacco, alcohol, pharmaceuticals and food create conflicts of interest and can negatively influence population health. However, in a context of funding pressures, low publicly funded success rates and precarious academic labor, there is limited ethics guidance for researchers working at the intersection of clinical practice and population health as to how they should approach potential financial sponsorship from for-profit entities, such as the psychedelic industry. This article reports on a reflective exercise among a group of clinician scientists working in psychedelic science, where we applied Adams’ (2016) PERIL (Purpose, Extent, Relevant harm, Identifiers, Link) ethical decision-making framework to a fictionalized case of corporate psychedelic financial sponsorship. Our analysis suggests financial relationships with the corporate psychedelic sector may create varying degrees of risk to a research program’s purpose, autonomy and integrity. We argue that the commercial determinants of health provide a useful framework for understanding the ethics of industry-healthcare entanglements and can provide an important population health ethics lens to examine nascent industries such as psychedelics, and work toward potential solutions.
Rapid depletion of target proteins in plants by an inducible protein degradation system
Authors: Huang Linzhou , Rojas-Pierce Marcela 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Inducible protein knockdowns are excellent tools to test the function of essential proteins in short time scales and to capture the role of proteins in dynamic events. Current approaches destroy or sequester proteins by exploiting plant biological mechanisms such as the activity of photoreceptors for optogenetics or auxin-mediated ubiquitination in auxin degrons. It follows that these are not applicable for plants as light and auxin are strong signals for plant cells. We describe here an inducible protein degradation system in plants named E3-DART for E3-targeted Degradation of Plant Proteins. The E3-DART system is based on the specific and well-characterized interaction between the Salmonella-secreted protein H1 (SspH1) and its human target protein kinase N1 (PKN1). This system harnesses the E3 catalytic activity of SspH1 and the SspH1-binding activity of the homology region 1b (HR1b) domain from PKN1. Using Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), we show that a chimeric protein containing the leucine-rich repeat and novel E3 ligase domains of SspH1 efficiently targets protein fusions of varying sizes containing HR1b for degradation. Target protein degradation was induced by transcriptional control of the chimeric E3 ligase using a glucocorticoid transactivation system, and target protein depletion was detected as early as 3 h after induction. This system could be used to study the loss of any plant protein with high-temporal resolution and may become an important tool in plant cell biology.
Cell wall invertase 3 plays critical roles in providing sugars during pollination and fertilization in cucumber
Authors: Liu Huan , Yao Xuehui , Fan Jingwei , Lv Lijun , Zhao Yalong , Nie Jing , Guo Yicong , Zhang Lidong , Huang Hongyu , Shi Yuzi , Zhang Qian , Li Jiawang , Sui Xiaolei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In plants, pollen–pistil interactions during pollination and fertilization mediate pollen hydration and germination, pollen tube growth, and seed set and development. Cell wall invertases (CWINs) help provide the carbohydrates for pollen development; however, their roles in pollination and fertilization have not been well established. In cucumber (Cucumis sativus), CsCWIN3 showed the highest expression in flowers, and we further examined CsCWIN3 for functions during pollination to seed set. Both CsCWIN3 transcript and CsCWIN3 protein exhibited similar expression patterns in the sepals, petals, stamen filaments, anther tapetum, and pollen of male flowers, as well as in the stigma, style, transmitting tract, and ovule funiculus of female flowers. Notably, repression of CsCWIN3 in cucumber did not affect the formation of parthenocarpic fruit but resulted in an arrested growth of stigma integuments in female flowers and a partially delayed dehiscence of anthers with decreased pollen viability in male flowers. Consequently, the pollen tube grew poorly in the gynoecia after pollination. In addition, CsCWIN3-RNA interference plants also showed affected seed development. Considering that sugar transporters could function in cucumber fecundity, we highlight the role of CsCWIN3 and a potential close collaboration between CWIN and sugar transporters in these processes. Overall, we used molecular and physiological analyses to determine the CsCWIN3-mediated metabolism during pollen formation, pollen tube growth, and plant fecundity. CsCWIN3 has essential roles from pollination and fertilization to seed set but not parthenocarpic fruit development in cucumber.
PEA-m6A: an ensemble learning framework for accurately predicting N6-methyladenosine modifications in plants
Authors: Song Minggui , Zhao Jiawen , Zhang Chujun , Jia Chengchao , Yang Jing , Zhao Haonan , Zhai Jingjing , Lei Beilei , Tao Shiheng , Chen Siqi , Su Ran , Ma Chuang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
N 6-methyladenosine (m6A), which is the mostly prevalent modification in eukaryotic mRNAs, is involved in gene expression regulation and many RNA metabolism processes. Accurate prediction of m6A modification is important for understanding its molecular mechanisms in different biological contexts. However, most existing models have limited range of application and are species-centric. Here we present PEA-m6A, a unified, modularized and parameterized framework that can streamline m6A-Seq data analysis for predicting m6A-modified regions in plant genomes. The PEA-m6A framework builds ensemble learning-based m6A prediction models with statistic-based and deep learning-driven features, achieving superior performance with an improvement of 6.7% to 23.3% in the area under precision-recall curve compared with state-of-the-art regional-scale m6A predictor WeakRM in 12 plant species. Especially, PEA-m6A is capable of leveraging knowledge from pretrained models via transfer learning, representing an innovation in that it can improve prediction accuracy of m6A modifications under small-sample training tasks. PEA-m6A also has a strong capability for generalization, making it suitable for application in within- and cross-species m6A prediction. Overall, this study presents a promising m6A prediction tool, PEA-m6A, with outstanding performance in terms of its accuracy, flexibility, transferability, and generalization ability. PEA-m6A has been packaged using Galaxy and Docker technologies for ease of use and is publicly available at https://github.com/cma2015/PEA-m6A.
Transcription factor CsMYB36 regulates fruit neck length via mediating cell expansion in cucumber
Authors: Wang Chunhua , Yao Hongxin , Wang Chen , Gao Luyao , Chai Xingwen , Fang Kai , Du Yalin , Hao Ning , Cao Jiajian , Wu Tao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The fruit neck is an important agronomic trait of cucumber (Cucumis sativus). However, the underlying genes and regulatory mechanisms involved in fruit neck development are poorly understood. We previously identified a cucumber yellow-green peel (ygp) mutant, whose causal gene is MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN 36 (CsMYB36). This study showed that the ygp mutant exhibited a shortened fruit neck and repressed cell expansion in the fruit neck. Further functional analysis showed that CsMYB36 was also a target gene, and its expression was enriched in the fruit neck. Overexpression of CsMYB36 in the ygp mutant rescued shortened fruit necks. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis and reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assays revealed that CsMYB36 positively regulates the expression of an expansin-like A3 (CsEXLA3) in the fruit neck, which is essential for cell expansion. Yeast 1-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays revealed that CsMYB36 regulates fruit neck elongation by directly binding to the promoter of CsEXLA3. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that CsMYB36 is an important gene in the regulation of fruit neck length in cucumber plants.
The effect of conventional radiofrequency thermocoagulation of femoral and obturator nerves’ articular branches on chronic hip pain: a prospective clinical study
Authors: Karaoğlu Sevilay Şimşek , Sari Sinem , Ekin Yusufcan , Özkan Yasemin , Aydin Osman Nuri 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Chronic hip pain is one of the most common and difficult-to-treat causes of disability. Our study’s primary aim was to investigate the effects of ultrasound and fluoroscopy-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the femoral and obturator nerve articular branches on chronic hip pain, and the secondary aim was to determine its effects on hip function and quality of life.

Methods
Fifty-three patients with hip pain lasting more than three months were enrolled in the study. VPS scale and WOMAC, SF-12 questionnaires were applied to the patients before and in the first, third, and sixth months following the procedure.

Results
Of the patients, 60.4% were female, and 39.6% were male. Hip pain was caused by osteoarthritis in 77.1%, postoperative hip pain in 12.5%, malignancy in 8.3%, and avascular necrosis in 2.1%. The VPS scores were 8.9 ± 1.1 (mean±SD) in the baseline period, 2.4 ± 2.5 in the first postoperative week, 3.8 ± 2.5 in the first month, 5.1 ± 2.8 in the third month, and 5.8 ± 2.7 in the sixth month, with a significant decrease in VPS score (P &lt; .001). One patient developed a motor deficit that improved spontaneously.

Conclusions
We concluded that radiofrequency thermocoagulation application to the articular branches of the femoral and obturator nerves provides pain relief, hip function improvement, and better quality of life (better physical component scores but no improvement in mental component scores in SF-12) for up to 6 months in chronic hip pain.
Decays of Standard Model–Like Higgs Boson h → γγ, Zγ in a Minimal Left-Right Symmetric Model
Authors: Hong T T , Le V K , Phuong L T T , Hoi N C , Ngan N T K , Nha N H T 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Two decay channels h → γγ, Zγ of the Standard Model–like Higgs in a left-right symmetry model are investigated using recent experimental data. We show that there exist one-loop contributions that affect the h → Zγ amplitude, but not the h → γγ amplitude. From numerical investigations, we show that the signal strength μZγ of the decay h → Zγ is still constrained strictly by that of h → γγ, namely |Δμγγ| &lt; 38% results in maximum |ΔμZγ| &lt; 46%. On the other hand, the future experimental sensitivity |Δμγγ| = 4% still allows |ΔμZγ| to reach values larger than the expected sensitivity of |ΔμZγ| = 23%.
Understanding the Mechanisms of Cognitive Remediation on Recovery in People With Early Psychosis: A Mediation and Moderation Analysis
Authors: Tinch-Taylor Rose , Pickles Andrew , Stringer Dominic , Csipke Emese , Cella Matteo , McCrone Paul , Reeder Clare , Birchwood Max , Fowler David , Greenwood Kathryn , Johnson Sonia , Perez Jesus , Ritunnano Rosa , Thompson Andrew , Upthegrove Rachel , Wilson Jon , Kenny Alex , Isok Iris , Joyce Eileen M , Wykes Til 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
To provide precision cognitive remediation therapy (CR) for schizophrenia, we need to understand whether the mechanism for improved functioning is via cognition improvements. This mechanism has not been rigorously tested for potential moderator effects.

Study Design
We used data (n = 377) from a randomized controlled trial using CIRCuiTS, a therapist-supported CR, with participants from first-episode psychosis services. We applied structured equation modeling to test whether: (1) CR hours explain the goal attainment functional outcome (GAS) at posttreatment, (2) global cognitive improvement mediates GAS, and if (3) total symptoms moderate the CR hours to cognitive improvement pathway, and/or negative symptoms moderate the cognition to functioning pathway, testing moderator effects via the mediator or directly on CR hours to functioning path.

Study Results
CR produced significant functioning benefit for each therapy hour (Coeff = 0.203, 95% CI 0.101–0.304, P &lt; .001). The mediated path from CR hours to cognition and cognition to functioning was small and nonsignificant (Coeff = 0.014, 95% CI = −0.010, 0.037, P = .256). Total symptoms did not moderate the path to cognition (P = .211) or the direct path to outcome (P = .896). However, negative symptoms significantly moderated the effect of cognitive improvements on functioning (P = .015) with high negative symptoms reducing the functional gains of improved cognition.

Conclusions
Although cognitive improvements were correlated with functioning benefit, they did not fully explain the positive effect of increased therapy hours on functioning, suggesting additional CR factors also contribute to therapy benefit. Negative symptoms interfere with the translation of cognitive improvements into functional gains so need consideration.
Psychiatric comorbidities and prescribing tendencies of sleep medications and related medications in young people with insomnia: a United States commercial claims-based analysis
Authors: Bushnell Greta , Ivanenko Anna , Horton Daniel B , Lunsford-Avery Jessica R , Posner Jonathan , Gerhard Tobias , Suarez Elizabeth , Olfson Mark 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
To characterize children and youth newly diagnosed with insomnia and to describe their use of sleep and other related prescription medications.

Methods
Within a commercial claims database (January 1, 2016–December 31, 2021), we identified children and youth (2–24 years) with a newly recorded insomnia diagnosis (G47.0x; F51.0x) and examined psychiatric diagnoses in the prior 6 months. We evaluated sleep and related prescription medications dispensed in the week after new insomnia diagnoses (i.e. trazodone, other antidepressants, hydroxyzine, alpha-agonists, benzodiazepines, non-benzodiazepine hypnotics “z-drugs,” antipsychotics, and others). Analyses were stratified by age and psychiatric comorbidities.

Results
Among 68 698 children and 108 118 older youth (18–24 years) with a new insomnia diagnosis, three-quarters had a diagnosed comorbid psychiatric condition; anxiety disorders, depression, and ADHD were the most common. Among those without comorbid psychiatric diagnoses, 20.2% of children and 37.4% of older youth had a sleep or related medication dispensed in the following week. In children without a comorbid psychiatric diagnosis, alpha-agonists, hydroxyzine, and trazodone were the most common medications; in older youth, trazodone was the most common medication followed by hydroxyzine, z-drugs, and SSRIs. Sleep and related prescription medications were more commonly dispensed to those with psychiatric comorbidities. From 2017 to 2021, there was an increase in hydroxyzine prescriptions following a new insomnia diagnosis and decline in z-drug and benzodiazepine prescriptions.

Conclusions
Our findings from a nationwide sample of young people with insomnia highlight the high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities and variety of sleep and related medications they receive. Characterizing prescribing tendencies informs guideline development and future research.
FTO‐mediated m6A mRNA demethylation aggravates renal fibrosis by targeting RUNX1 and further enhancing PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Wang Da‐Xi , Bao Si‐Yu , Song Na‐Na , Chen Wei‐Ze , Ding Xiao‐Qiang , Walker Robert J. , Fang Yi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health burden, with ineffective therapies leading to increasing morbidity and mortality. Renal interstitial fibrosis is a common pathway in advanced CKD, resulting in kidney function and structure deterioration. In this study, we investigate the role of FTO‐mediated N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) and its downstream targets in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. M6A modification, a prevalent mRNA internal modification, has been implicated in various organ fibrosis processes. We use a mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) as an in vivo model and treated tubular epithelial cells (TECs) with transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1 as in vitro models. Our findings revealed increased FTO expression in UUO mouse model and TGF‐β1‐treated TECs. By modulating FTO expression through FTO heterozygous mutation mice (FTO+/−) in vivo and small interfering RNA (siRNA) in vitro, we observed attenuation of UUO and TGF‐β1‐induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), as evidenced by decreased fibronectin and N‐cadherin accumulation and increased E‐cadherin levels. Silencing FTO significantly improved UUO and TGF‐β1‐induced inflammation, apoptosis, and inhibition of autophagy. Further transcriptomic assays identified RUNX1 as a downstream candidate target of FTO. Inhibiting FTO was shown to counteract UUO/TGF‐β1‐induced RUNX1 elevation in vivo and in vitro. We demonstrated that FTO signaling contributes to the elevation of RUNX1 by demethylating RUNX1 mRNA and improving its stability. Finally, we revealed that the PI3K/AKT pathway may be activated downstream of the FTO/RUNX1 axis in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. In conclusion, identifying small‐molecule compounds that target this axis could offer promising therapeutic strategies for treating renal fibrosis.
Podocan promoting skeletal muscle post‐injury regeneration by inhibiting TGF‐β signaling pathway
Authors: Teng Huaixin , Zheng Jingxian , Liang Yanyan , Zhao Jingwen , Yan Yunqin , Li Shufeng , Li Shuang , Tong Huili 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPodocan, the fifth member of Small Leucine‐Rich Proteoglycan (SLRP) family of extracellular matrix components, is poorly known in muscle development. Previous studies have shown that Podocan promotes C2C12 differentiation in mice. In this study, we elucidated the effect of Podocan on skeletal muscle post‐injury regeneration and its underlying mechanism. Injection of Podocan protein promoted the process of mice skeletal muscle post‐injury regeneration. This effect seemed to be from the acceleration of muscle satellite cell differentiation in vivo. Meanwhile, Podocan promoted myogenic differentiation in vitro by binding with TGF‐β1 to inhibit the activity of the TGF‐β signaling pathway. These results indicated that Podocan had the potential roles to enhance skeletal muscle post‐injury regeneration. Its mechanism is likely the regulation of the expression of p‐Smad2 and p‐Smad4 related to the TGF‐β signaling pathway by interacting with TGF‐β1.