bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levels of tissue polypeptide antigen in serum and the progression of gastric cancer
Authors: Hamazoe Ryuichi , Koga Shigemasa , Maeta Michio , Shimizu Norio , Inoue Yasuhiro , Ishiguro Minoru , Murakami Atsunobu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCorrelations between levels of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) in serum and histologic stage or progression of cancer were studied in 94 patients with gastric cancer. Levels of TPA in serum from patients with cancerous invasion into the vein of the stomach wall (v‐invasion) were elevated in parallel to the progression of cancer by stage, and were significantly higher in each positive case than in each negative case of lymph node metastasis or of cancerous invasion into lymph vessels of the stomach wall (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). There were no differences in levels of TPA in serum from patients without v‐invasion when these cancers were classified by stage, progression, or histologic type. It appears that elevation of levels of TPA in serum is associated with vinvasion, and that a determination of the level of TPA in serum is useful for the prediction of hematogenic metastasis in cases of gastric cancer.
Complications of hypogastric artery cisplatin infusions
Authors: Menashe David S. , Jacobs Stephen C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn an attempt to increase the therapeutic index of Cisplatin (CDDP), 29 continuous 48 hour intra‐arterial (IA) infusions of 100–150 mg/m2 CDDP were given to 26 patients with bulky stage T3–T4 bladder cancer. Hypogastric artery catheters were placed distal (n = 42) or proximal (n = 7) to the origin of the superior gluteal artery. Atherosclerosis (n = 5) or aneurysm (n = 2) prevented successful IA catheter placement. Catheter maintenance resulted in no bleeding or thromboembolic episodes. Urethral catheters caused two urinary tract infections. Systemic toxicity was mild with on 4/29 infusions resulting in WBC< 3,000, 3/29 infusions resulting in creatinine elevation, and 1/29 in peripheral neuropathy. Local effects of the IA CDDP included gluteal pain and ecchymosis (n = 1) and moderately disabling lower extremity neuropathies (n = 3). Systemic side effects of CDDP can be diminished by use of IA route of administration and slow continuous infusion.
Ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma evokes risk of implanted metastases
Authors: Sonoda Takashi , Kanematsu Takashi , Takenaka Kenji , Sugimachi Keizo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn three patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), implanted metastases occurred in the peritoneal or pleural cavity after rupture of the tumors; in one patient this was caused by trauma, and in two others this complication became obvious during resection of the tumor. Hepatic resection was successful, and the postoperative status was satisfactory. Implanted metastases were present in the peritoneal or pleural cavity of these three patients 6 years, 10 months, and 6 months after surgery, respectively. We wish to emphasize that a ruptured HCC may lead to implanted metastases.
Influence of the routes of continuous intrahepatic infusion of 5‐fluorouracil on its pharmacokinetics
Authors: Didolkar Mukund S. , Jackson Andre J. , Covell David G. , Walker Alonzo P. , Eddington Natalie D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractContinuous infusion chemotherapy via hepatic artery using newly available mechanical devices is frequently used to treat hepatic metastases to achieve a high concentration of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FUra) in the hepatic circulation while minimizing systemic exposure. We compared four routes of intrahepatic administration to find out the best one in the canine model. To ascertain this data, 5‐FUra (30 mg/kg) was given as a continuous infusion over a 3 hr period into either a systemic vein (femoral), portal vein, hepatic artery, or hepatic artery distal to its ligation after hepatic dearterialization. A total of eight dogs were studied. During 5‐FUra infusion, concomitant blood samples were taken from the inferior vena cava and hepatic vein at 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min. 5‐FUra levels were determined in plasma by high‐performance liquid chromatography. Blood flow in the portal vein and hepatic artery was measured by an electromagnetic flowmeter. The data described by a multicompartmental model, including the measured flows, had separate hepatic arterial and portal compartments with elimination from each described by linear kinetics. Mean area under the curve values in μ/ml × min and the ratios of the systemic/hepatic vein areas following 5‐FUra infusion via systemic, portal vein, hepatic artery, or hepatic artery after dearterialization routes were: 975/539 (R = 1.80), 939/748 (R = 1.35), 211/454 (R = 0.46), and 562/1,424 (R = 0.39). The results indicated that the administration of 5‐FUra via the hepatic arterial route distal to its ligation results in the highest hepatic vein drug levels with the smallest systemic/hepatic vein exposure ratio, followed by intra‐arterial route, while systemic and portal vein routes were not nearly as advantageous as the intra‐arterial routes.
Use of contralateral rectus femoris flap: An alternative for covering exposed femoral vessels of the thigh
Authors: Madariaga Juan , Duboys Elliot B. , Stern Jack T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMyocutaneous coverage of large defects in the thigh following resection of tumors is necessary to ensure adequate protection of the underlying femoral vessels. The usual muscles employed as flaps to achieve this protection are ipsilateral sartorius, rectus femoris, tensor fasciae latae, gracilis, rectus abdominis, or vastus lateralis. However, for situations in which these muscles are not available, the surgeon needs an alternative flap. This report details the successful use of the contralateral rectus femoris muscle to cover exposed femoral vessels in the upper and middle thirds of the thigh. Findings of anatomical dissections confirm that, by freeing the muscle at its origin, its reach can be extended about 6 cm. Postoperatively, no functional deficits resulted from the flap and no damage to the skin graft occurred with radiation therapy. Use of the contralateral rectus femoris flap should therefore be considered when a reliable alternative to conventional flaps must be employed.
Lung cancer in chromate workers: High‐risk group for multiple lung cancer
Authors: Uyama Tadashi , Monden Yasumasa , Tsuyuguchi Masaru , Harada Kunihiko , Kimura Suguru , Taniki Toshikatsu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe diagnosed eight (8.9%) lung cancer patients in 90 workers exposed to chromate compounds. The duration of exposure ranged from 8 to 31 years, with a mean value of 18 ± 8 years. The histological classification was squamous‐cell carcinoma in seven patients and adenocarcinoma in one patient. The site of origin of the primary tumors was located peripherally in two (25%) and centrally in six (75%). All but one of these patients underwent surgery. In three (37.5%) of these patients, lung cancer foci were detected during the postoperative follow‐up by sputum cytology and bronchoscopy. Two of these three patients had multicentric cancer foci: double primary early squamous‐cell carcinoma in one and early squamous‐cell carcinoma + small‐cell lung cancer in the other. In a high‐risk group such as chromate workers, we should emphasize early detection of lung cancer by serial sputum cytology, chest x‐rays, and bronchoscopy. Lung cancer patients with chromate exposure should be treated with due regard to the possibility of synchronous or metachronous cancer.
Extremity soft tissue sarcomas: Analysis of prognostic variables in 300 cases and evaluation of tumor necrosis as a factor in stratifying higher‐grade sarcomas
Authors: Lack Ernest E. , Steinberg Seth M. , White Donald E. , Kinsella Timothy , Glatstein Eli , Chang Alfred E. , Rosenberg Steven A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFrom July 1975 to February 1985, 300 patients with extremity soft tissue sarcomas (STS) were entered into treatment protocols at the National Cancer Institute. Using the Cox proportional hazards model, the STS were analyzed for independent prognostic variables that had significant association with disease‐free and overall survival. The effects of adjuvant treatment were also included in the analysis. Percent tumor necrosis was the basis for separating intermediate and high‐grade STS (< 15% necrosis = grade 2; > 15% necrosis = grade 3). The most important prognostic variable was histologic grade, which was highly associated with relative risk of metastasis and fatal outcome (P< .0001). Histologic type of STS was not a significant prognostic variable in predicting metastases. Patients with tumors located on the proximal or middle part of the extremity had a fivefold increased risk of death (P= .02) compared with patients who had STS located more distally. Mitotic activity (P= .0005) and vascular invasion (P= .0034) were also associated with malignant behavior, but histologic grade was the most significant predictor of outcome. Histologic grade of malignancy was based upon a combination of tumor typing and visual estimation of extent of tumor necrosis; using these two features, one can reliably separate low‐grade (i.e., grade 1) from high‐grade STS and also stratify the more aggressive (i.e., grade 2 and 3) tumors. Over the 9.5‐year period of study, the tumor‐related mortality was as follows: grade 1 (1/38), 3%; grade 2 (19/142), 13%; and grade 3 (45/120), 38%.
Morphologic and morphometric studies on tumor necrosis produced by radiotherapy, and hyperthermia singly and in combination
Authors: Patrício M. Brites , Vilhena MáRio , Soares Jorge 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of hyperthermia associated with radiotherapy on neoplasia. Two transplanted experimental tumors (undifferentiated carcinoma of mouse breast and sarcoma 37) were used. A protocol was followed that included, for both models, four groups of animals: 1) control group; 2) radiotherapy group; 3) hyperthermia group; 4) radiotherapy associated with hyperthermia group. The animals were sacrificed after therapy according to a different schedule for each type of tumor. The morphology of the neoplasia in every group of treated tumors was compared with that of the control group. For quantitative evaluation of the necrosis, we studied the ratio of the tumor necrotic areas (N) to a tumor standard area (T). From the results obtained, the following conclusions were made: 1) Necrosis produced by combined treatment was significantly greater than that obtained by using one only; 2) necrosis appeared early after treatment and remained relatively unchanged; 3) The damaging effect of the hyperthermia occurred earlier than that produced by radiotherapy when these methods were used separately, thus suggesting distinct mechanisms of tumor necrosis.
Accuracy of the subrenal capsule xenograft assay in predicting the clinical growth and chemosensitivity of human squamous head and neck carcinomas
Authors: Parnes Steven M. , Sagerman Paul , Bennett James A. , Deconti Ronald C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty‐seven of 54 human squamous head and neck carcinomas were successfully grown as first transplant generation xenografts under the kidney capsule of conventional mice immunosuppressed by daily treatment with 60 mg/kg of cyclosporine. Of the 18 different tumors evaluated for chemosensitivity, 39% responded to cis‐platinum, 19% to 5‐fluoro‐uracil, 33% to methotrexate, and 40% to Cis‐Pt/5Fu. In comparing the assay results in nine patients who received the same chemotherapeutic drugs, two of three patients responded to their drug with xenograft shrinkage noted, whereas four of six patients who did not respond had tumor growth in the mouse. It is hoped that this model will become useful for new drug testing and, in certain cases, for selection of chemotherapy for patients with refractory tumors.
Hydroxyurea plus pelvic irradiation versus placebo plus pelvic irradiation in nonsurgically staged stage IIIB cervical cancer
Authors: Piver M. Steven , Khalil Moneer , Emrich Lawrence J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐five patients with FIGO stage IIIB carcinoma of the cervix were entered into a prospective, double‐blinded randomized study to evaluate the possible radiation potentiating properties (i.e., improved survival) of the S phase cell cycle specific inhibitor of DNA synthesis hydroxyurea (H). In contrast to our previous randomized trial of patients with FIGO stage IIIB carcinoma of the uterine cervix who were documented to be without paraaortic lymph node metastasis by pretherapy staging paraaortic lymphadenectomy [Piver et al.: J Surg Oncol 35:129–134, 1987], these patients either refused surgical staging or, because of medical conditions, could not undergo pretherapy paraaortic lymphadenectomy. Patients were to receive 6,000 cGy/6 weeks to the pelvis by megavoltage radiation therapy followed by 2,500 cGy to point A by intracavitary and vaginal radium/cesium. The median pelvic cGy for the Hu patients was 5,967 cGy and for the placebo patients 6,013 cGy. Leukopenia (WBC < 2,500/mm3) significantly increased in patients given hydroxyurea as compared with those given placebo (P < 0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference relative to anemia, thrombocytopenia, radiation skin reactions, diarrhea, or radiation induced complications requiring surgical correction. The estimated 5 year disease‐free interval was 54% for the hydroxyurea patients (median not reached) and 18% for the placebo patients with a median of 11 months. Because of these results, those of our previous reports, and those of the Gynecologic Oncology Group, we believe that hydroxyruea plus pelvic radiation should be the standard against which new potential radiation sensitizers are tested.
Evaluation of cytokeratin markers to differentiate between benign and malignant prostatic tissue
Authors: Guinan Patrick , Shaw Michael , Targonski Paul , Ray Veronica , Rubenstein Marvin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytokeratins are intermediate filaments found within basal and secretory epithelial cells. Antisera raised against cytokeratins are available but frequently differ in specificity. Many are incompletely characterized for their reactivity against epithelial components. Cytokeratin (Cyto) P is a polyclonal antisera specific for 56 and 64 kd cytokeratins. Cyto M is a pool of monoclonals reacting against 40, 46, 50, 52, 58, and 65‐67 kd cytokeratins. Initially, utilizing immunohistologic techniques, we evaluated these two antisera for their ability to distinguish between prostatic tissues of benign (benign prostatic hypertrophy [BPH]) or malignant (carcinoma of the prostate [CAP]) origin in the 34 cases evaluated. Specimens were analyzed for both Cyto P and Cyto M reactivity, as well as for the degree of reactivity. Lastly, in an effort to determine the morphologic relationship of atypical hyperplasia (AH) with either BPH or CAP, nine additional prostate specimens were analyzed. Cyto P was reactive in 8 of 8 (100%) BPH specimens and in 2 of 26 (8%) CAP specimens. Mean Cyto P degree of reactivity in the positive specimens was greater in BPH than in CAP (2.6 vs. 1.0). Cyto M reactivity was present in 8 of 8 (100%) BPH specimens and in 23 of 25 (92%) CAP specimens. Mean Cyto M degree of reactivity in the positive specimens was greater in CAP than in BPH (3.6 vs. 2.8). Cyto P was reactive in 3 of 9 (33%) AH specimens, with a mean degree of reactivity of 2.7. Cyto M was reactive in 9 of 9 (100%) AH specimens, with a mean degree of reactivity of 3.9. Cyto P reacted with only the basal cells, whereas Cyto M reacted with basal as well as secretory cells. These differences appeared to be the result of the differential reactivity of basal cells, which are present in BPH but absent in CAP. In summary, Cyto P and Cyto M are potentially useful markers in differentiating BPH from CAP, and it appears that AH is immunohistopathologically related to both.
Selective internal radiation (SIR) therapy for treatment of liver metastases: Measurement of response rate
Authors: Gray B. N. , Burton M. A. , Kelleher D. K. , Anderson J. , Klemp P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTen patients with liver metastases from primary tumors in the colorectum were treated with selective internal radiation (SIR) therapy. This involved the embolisation of yttrium‐90‐containing microspheres into the hepatic artery at the time of laparotomy. The microspheres were concentrated in the microvasculature of the tumour nodules by the concurrent administration of angiotensin II. The radiation dose being delivered to liver parenchyma was measured at the time of operation by use of an intraoperative radiation detection probe. All nine patients in whom the preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level was elevated experienced a decrease in CEA levels posttreatment. Intraoperative dosimetry confirmed the poor correlation between total radioactivity used and radiation dose received by normal liver parenchyma.
Improvement of the rapid immunoperoxidase staining method for intraoperative pathological diagnosis of pancreatic cancer using microwave irradiation
Authors: Ichihara Tohru , Nakao Akimasa , Suzuki Yuichi , Sakamoto Junichi , Nonami Toshiaki , Harada Akio , Nagura Hiroshi , Takagi Hiroshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe rapid immunostaining of gastrointestinal cancer‐associated antigens, CA19–9, CEA, DUPAN2, and CA50, for intraoperative pathological diagnosis of pancreatic cancer can be completed in only 13 min by applying microwave irradiation, which was used to accelerate the incubation of the primary antibody. Only 3 s irradiation at 500 W for fresh‐frozen sections produced specific antigen staining of greater intensity than that obtained with longer incubation, and tissue preservation was satisfactory with minimal non‐specific background staining. This rapid immunoperoxidase staining method on the cryostat section of pancreatic biopsy specimens can provide important information for determining an appropriate operative method for pancreatic cancer patients.
Bone and liver imaging in regionally advanced melanoma
Authors: Salwen Walter A. , Krementz Edward T. , Campeau Richard J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe clinical records of 94 patients with regionally advanced melanoma (nodal disease or regional satellites) were reviewed to determine the value of preoperative bone and liver imaging. Of 68 bone scans obtained, none were suggestive of metastases. Of 97 liver imaging studies (computed tomography, scintiscan, or sonography) in 88 patients, only two were found to have demonstrable metastases. Liver enzyme elevation was present in both of these patients. Bone and liver imaging in the absence of signs or symptoms of dissemination by history, physical examination, chest x‐ray, and enzyme determination for regionally advanced melanoma appears to be of little value unless the patient is involved in a protocol study.
MC‐38 adenocarcinoma tumor infiltrating lymphocytes: Correlation of cytotoxicity with time of tumor harvest after tumor inoculation
Authors: Lafreniere Rene , Borkenhagen Knut , Bryant Laurette D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are capable of mediating significant tumor regressions in vitro and in vivo in animal systems. In humans, however, many TIL cell lines are not cytotoxic in vitro, and clinical trials thus far have been less than encouraging. We attempted to correlate TIL cytotoxicity with time of tumor harvest and TIL cell surface antigenic expression. TILs harvested from early MC‐38 adenocarcinoma tumors (days 9 and 20 post‐tumor implantation), demonstrated significantly higher cytotoxicity against a variety of tumor targets compared to older TILs (days 31 and 37), The younger TILs had a higher expression of the Lyt‐1 (Helper T cells), asialo GM1 (NK and T cells), and 49H.8 (NK cells) antigens. Comparison with the MCA‐102 sarcoma, a tumor that does not lead to cytotoxic TILs, revealed a low expression of the Lyt‐1 antigen on their cell surface. We conclude that TILs cytotoxicitv is time‐dependent and may be dependent on the presence of Lyt‐1+ cells in the overall TIL population of cells.
Functional estrogen receptors as biochemical marker for the detection of hormone‐dependent breast cancer
Authors: Vij U. , Murugesan K. , Kapur B. M. L. , Sarin R. , Dhawan I. K. , Farooq A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe translocatable receptors categorized as functional receptors were quantitated in a cross‐incubation study of breast cancer nuclei with receptor‐rich uterine cytosol. Data demonstrated that tumors that contained cytosolic estrogen receptor (ER) but had translocation defect might not be hormone dependent, whereas tumors with low ER but intact nuclear trans‐location step will respond to antiestrogen therapy. Cytosolic ER was estimated in 114 primary breast cancer tissues and ten metastatic axillary lymph nodes; 58% of postmenopausal and 54% of premenopausal breast cancer tissues were ER+ with a cutoff value of 10 fmoles and 3 fmoles/mg protein, respectively. Of tumors in the premenopausal and postmenopausal state, 62% and 57%, respectively, were positive for nuclear ER, with a cutoff value of 10 fmoles/100 μg DNA. This study suggested that evaluation of functional ER level would reduce the number of false‐negative and false‐positive tumors.
Autologous transfusions for cancer patients undergoing elective ablative surgery
Authors: Lichtiger Benjamin , Huh Yang O. , Armintor Margie , Fischer Harald E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPatients who have cancer are exposed to the adverse consequences of blood transfusions, such as transmissible diseases. This study presents an examination of a program of autologous blood deposit for cancer patients undergoing elective surgical procedures. Over a 3‐year period, 235 patients deposited 388 units of autologous blood: 6 for head and neck tumor surgery, 8 for neurosurgical tumors, 8 for gastrointestinal and colorectal tumor surgery, 14 for adrenal tumor surgery, 16 for gynecologic tumor surgery, 23 for soft tissue and bone tumor surgery, 25 for mastectomies and reconstructive breast surgery, 42 for genitourinary tumor surgery, and 93 for bone marrow aspirations for autologous transplants. One hundred eighty‐two patients (77.4%) used 278 units (71.6%) of their autologous blood units during the operations, 50/182 required additional homologous blood, and 53 did not require transfusions with autologous blood. Our study shows that a majority of these patients (132/182) underwent surgery using only autologous transfusions. Therefore, we believe that predeposited autologous blood is a viable alternative to homologous blood for cancer patients undergoing surgery.
Mortality and morbidity of primary pharyngogastric anastomosis following circumferential excision for hypopharyngeal malignancies
Authors: Mehta Samir A. , Sarkar Sudeep , Mehta Ashok R. , Mehta Mona S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeventy‐five patients underwent gastric transposition for replacement of the pharyngoesophagus. These patients had primary or recurrent malignant tumors of the hypopharynx, postcricoid region, and cervical esophagus. The operative procedure consisted of a transhiatal esophagectomy and gastric pull‐up to establish gastrointestinal continuity, with a unilateral or bilateral neck dissection where indicated. Seven patients died, a mortality rate of 9.33%. The average hospital stay of uncomplicated cases was 18 days and for complicated cases was 40 days. Immediate restoration of oral intake was achieved in 70.6% of patients. We conclude that gastric transposition after circumferential laryngopharyngeal excision is a procedure with low mortality and acceptable morbidity leading to early relief of dysphagia.