bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous external biliary fistula in a dog
Authors: Kligman Kara C. , Jehn Carl T. , Davis Kechia M. , Taylor David P. , Conway Julia A. 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
Case Description—A 10-year-old sexually intact female dog was examined because of a static, well-circumscribed subcutaneous mass and associated fistulous draining tract located along the right ventrolateral aspect of the thoracic body wall of 15 months' duration.
Clinical Findings—Results of computed tomography and fistulography confirmed the presence of the fistulous tract. Computed tomography also revealed a focal, hypodense region in the right ventral portion of the liver that was adjacent to but not clearly associated with the fistulous tract.
Treatment and Outcome—Surgical exploration of the tract revealed that it passed into the right hemithorax to the diaphragm; entered the right medial lobe of the liver; and terminated in a well-encapsulated, cystic liver lesion. The right medial liver lobe and all affected tissues were removed. Histologically, the liver lesion consisted of a fibrotic, dilated bile duct. The dilated bile duct and fistula were lined with biliary epithelium. On the basis of these findings, a diagnosis of spontaneous external biliary fistula was made. Five months after surgery, the dog was clinically normal.
Clinical Relevance—To the authors' knowledge, spontaneous external biliary fistula in a dog has not been reported in the veterinary medical literature. Despite the rarity of this condition, it should be considered in a dog with similar clinical findings. Clinical findings and results of appropriate diagnostic imaging procedures may provide valuable information in making this diagnosis and in planning surgical treatment.
Computed tomographic appearance of masticatory myositis in dogs: 7 cases (1999–2006)
Authors: Reiter Alexander M. , Schwarz Tobias 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
Objective—To document computed tomography (CT) features in dogs with masticatory myositis.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—7 dogs with an immunologic diagnosis of masticatory myositis and an absence of clinical abnormalities of any skeletal muscles other than the masticatory muscles.
Procedures—History; clinical, hematologic, biochemical, immunologic, cytologic, and histologic findings; and pre- and postcontrast CT imaging features of masticatory muscles and head and neck lymph nodes were extracted from medical records.
Results—On CT images, changes in size (atrophy or swelling) were common for all masticatory muscles except the digastricus muscles, which were involved only in 1 dog. Pre-contrast attenuation changes, most often hypoattenuation with varied distribution patterns, were seen in masticatory muscles of 4 dogs. Contrast enhancement with a predominantly inhomogeneous distribution pattern was seen in the temporalis, masseter, and pterygoid muscles of all dogs. Head and neck lymph nodes were enlarged in all but 1 dog and had contrast enhancement with predominantly central or homogeneous distribution patterns. Muscle biopsy was performed in 6 dogs, with biopsy specimens obtained from areas that had the most obvious contrast enhancement on CT images. For all 6 dogs, biopsy speci-mens had histologic features indicative of masticatory myositis.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that CT may be a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of masticatory myositis in dogs, including selection of sites for diagnostic muscle biopsy.
Comparison of the diagnosis and management of unilaterally castrated and cryptorchid horses at a referral hospital: 60 cases (2002–2006)
Authors: Marshall John F. , Moorman Valerie J. , Moll H. David 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
Objective—To determine the incidence of unilaterally castrated horses among horses admitted to the hospital for castration and to compare horses that underwent previous unilateral castration with horses that had cryptorchism.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—16 unilaterally castrated horses and 44 cryptorchid horses.
Procedures—Medical records of horses that were admitted to the veterinary medical teaching hospital for castration, including cryptorchid and unilaterally castrated horses, between January 2002 and December 2006 were reviewed. Medical records of unilaterally castrated horses and cryptorchid horses were examined for age, breed, history, diagnostic procedures, surgical technique of cryptorchidectomy, location of the retained testicle, and cost of surgery.
Results—Of 160 horses admitted for castration, 16 (10%) had undergone previous unilateral castration and 44 (27.5%) had cryptorchidism. Unilaterally castrated horses were significantly older than cryptorchid horses. No significant difference was found in left versus right distribution of testicles. No significant difference was found in abdominal versus inguinal distribution of left-sided testicles. Unilaterally castrated horses had a significantly lower proportion of right inguinal testicles, compared with cryptorchid horses. The cost of diagnosis and management of unilaterally castrated horses was significantly greater than in cryptorchid horses.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that the distribution of retained testicles is significantly different in unilaterally castrated horses, compared with cryptorchid horses, which may affect the selection of diagnostic and surgical approaches to unilaterally castrated horses.
‘Unconscious transference’ can be an instance of ‘change blindness’
Authors: Davis Deborah , Loftus Elizabeth F. , Vanous Samuel , Cucciare Michael 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThree experiments investigated the role of ‘change blindness’ in mistaken eyewitness identifications of innocent bystanders to a simulated crime. Two innocent people appeared briefly in a filmed scene in a supermarket. The ‘continuous innocent’ (CI) walked down the liquor aisle and passed behind a stack of boxes, whereupon the perpetrator emerged and stole a bottle of liquor, thereby resulting in an action sequence promoting the illusion of continuity between perpetrator and innocent. The ‘discontinuous innocent’ (DI) was shown immediately afterward in the produce aisle. Results revealed that: (1) more than half of participants failed to notice the change between the CI and the perpetrator, (2) among those who failed to notice the change, more misidentified the ‘CI’ than the ‘DI’, a pattern that did not hold for those who did notice the change. Participants were less likely to notice the change when they were distracted while watching the video. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of recipient perspective in giving and following wayfinding directions
Authors: Hund Alycia M. , Haney Kimberly H. , Seanor Brian D. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe examined how recipient perspective and descriptive features affect direction giving and following during wayfinding. In Experiment 1, participants provided directions from starting locations to destinations for fictional recipients driving through a town (route perspective) or looking at a map of the town (survey perspective). As expected, participants included left‐right and landmarks more frequently when addressing a person driving in the town and cardinal descriptors more frequently when addressing a person looking at a map. In Experiment 2, participants rated the effectiveness of directions. Effective directions contained significantly more left‐right references than did less effective directions. In Experiment 3, participants followed the best‐ and worst‐rated directions. Unexpectedly, they navigated significantly faster when following the worst‐rated directions. In Experiment 4, participants gave wayfinding directions for destinations in a familiar town. Again, direction features depended on recipient perspective, highlighting the dynamic nature of wayfinding processes. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Local hydrodynamics in a dispersed‐stratified liquid–liquid pipe flow
Authors: Conan C. , Masbernat O. , Décarre S. , Liné A. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractAn experimental study is presented of a liquid–liquid dispersed/stratified flow in a horizontal pipe. The flow studied contains a highly concentrated layer of oil drops (light phase) under which flows a continuous layer of aqueous phase (heavy phase). The instant flow structure and hydrodynamics have been characterized in the aqueous phase using Particle Image Velocimetry in a matched refractive index medium. In this article, we focus on momentum transfer in the continuous aqueous layer at the wall, and at the interface, between the aqueous layer and the concentrated layer of oil drops. It is shown that, despite the presence of secondary flows, the velocity profile in the aqueous phase follows the classical logarithmic law near the wall. The shape of the tangential Reynolds stress profile in the aqueous layer is discussed in relation with the flow geometry and the presence of secondary flows. The mean interfacial shear stress is then derived from the macroscopic momentum balance applied in the aqueous layer cross‐section. The local viscous stress contribution below the interface has been identified from the momentum balance equation in the vertical direction and an effective viscosity as a function of the local concentration has been derived. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2007
Mortality in achondroplasia study: A 42‐year follow‐up
Authors: Wynn Julia , King Terri M. , Gambello Michael J. , Waller D. Kim , Hecht Jacqueline T. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractAchondroplasia (ACH) is the most common dwarfing condition having a prevalence of 1/25,000 live births. An increase in overall mortality, age specific mortality up to age 34 years and heart disease‐related mortality was first reported in a 1987 study of a large population of ACH individuals. Since this study, concern about premature death, particularly in young adults, has persisted in the ACH population. The present study was undertaken to follow‐up the patterns of mortality in a more contemporaneous ACH population. The vital status of 718 ACH individuals from the original study and 75 new ACH individuals was determined through the search of two computerized mortality database. The results showed that the overall mortality and age‐specific mortality at all ages remained significantly increased. Rates of death were similar across all 42 years of follow‐up suggesting that higher death rates were still occurring in the contemporary ACH population. Accidental, neurological, and heart disease‐related deaths were increased in adults. Heart disease‐related mortality, between ages 25 and 35, was more than 10 times higher than the general population. Overall survival and the average life expectancy for this ACH population were decreased by 10 years. These results demonstrate that despite advances in the knowledge of the natural history of ACH and health care needs of this population, mortality remains significantly increased. The high rate of heart disease related deaths illustrates the need to identify risk factors in the ACH population and develop treatment interventions accordingly. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Summation and quantity judgments of sequentially presented sets by capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella)
Authors: Beran Michael J. , Evans Theodore A. , Leighty Katherine A. , Harris Emily H. , Rice Daniel 
Published: September 2007

AbstractCapuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) were presented with two sets of food items, identical in food type but differing in number. Animals selected one set and were permitted to consume their choice. Set sizes ranged from 1 to 6 items. In experiment 1, each set was uncovered and recovered before a response was made, and the monkeys selected the larger set at high levels. Experiment 2 presented sets that had both visible and nonvisible food items in them at the time of the response, thus requiring the monkeys to sum the total amount of food that was available. The monkeys again selected the larger set with no decrement in performance. Overall, the data indicate that capuchins, like other more extensively studied primate species in this area of research, are responsive to quantitative differences between sets. Capuchins succeed in making these quantity judgments when sets are nonvisible at choice time and when summation of items must be performed, thus demonstrating coordination of quantification skills and memory. Capuchins also inhibit responses to visible food items when those items are only part of an overall smaller quantity of food compared with a completely nonvisible set. Am. J. Primatol. 70:191–194, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Likelihood of seizure remission in an adult population with refractory epilepsy
Authors: Callaghan Brian C. , Anand Kishlay , Hesdorffer Dale , Hauser W. Allen , French Jacqueline A. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to determine the likelihood of remission and its clinical predictors in adult patients meeting a strict definition of refractory epilepsy. We also wanted to investigate the influence of treatment regimen on remission.MethodsA total of 246 patients with treatment refractory epilepsy (having at least 1 seizure per month and having not responded positively to at least 2 antiepileptic drugs) were identified in 2000 and followed for 3 years. We used Kaplan–Meier methods to estimate the rate of achieving a 6‐month terminal seizure remission and Cox regression analysis to evaluate clinical predictors for seizure remission.ResultsThe estimated 6‐month terminal seizure remission rate was 19% (95% confidence interval, 14–26%) for all cases and 14% (95% confidence interval, 10–21%) when limited to those treated only with medication. Negative predictors for remission included a history of status epilepticus, younger age at intractability, number of failed drug therapies, and presence of mental retardation. No specific drug was significantly associated with remission, and frequently, no clear intervention led to terminal remission.InterpretationFifteen percent (approximately 5% per year) of a drug refractory epilepsy population obtained a 6‐month terminal seizure remission. Our results signify that no matter how many antiepileptic drug therapies have failed, there is always hope of a meaningful seizure remission in this population. Furthermore, we have elucidated four clinical predictors that can aid the epileptologist in prognostication. Ann Neurol 2007
Emulsifier‐free miniemulsion polymerization of styrene using a cationic initiator
Authors: Faridi‐Majidi Reza , Sharifi‐Sanjani Naser 
Published: September 2007

AbstractPolystyrene latex particles were synthesized using a method based on emulsifier‐free miniemulsion polymerization under ultrasonic irradiation in the presence of 2,2′ azobis (2‐amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (V‐50) as a cationic ionizable water‐soluble initiator and cetyl alcohol as costabilizer. The optimized conditions were obtained by using various parameters, such as the amounts of monomer and initiator, and the time and power of ultrasonic irradiation. In optimal conditions, the latex particles appeared to be about 250 nm in diameter through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analyses and monomer conversions of emulsifier‐free miniemulsion polymerization were compared with those of conventional emulsifier‐free emulsion polymerization using V‐50 as initiator in both cases. The results showed that in the miniemulsion polymerization, the rate of polymerization (Rp) was significantly higher, and latex particles were significantly smaller than those in the conventional emulsion polymerization. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007
Synthesis of bisphenol a novolac epoxy resins for coating applications
Authors: Atta Ayman M. , Shaker Nevin O. , Nasser Notaila E. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBisphenol A novolacs were synthesized in both melting and solution processes using p‐formaldehyde and formalin solution in presence of oxalic acid catalyst, respectively. Hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance, 1H NMR, investigations show a high methylene bridge contents in the novolacs synthesized in a melting process. These novolacs were analyzed by gel permation chromatography (GPC) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The bisphenol A novolac was cured with 1‐(2‐amino ethyl) piprazine (AEP) as a curing agent for epoxy resins. The cured resins were evaluated as organic coating for steel. The mechanical properties of the cured epoxy resins were evaluated. The chemical resistances of the cured resins were evaluated through salt spray resistance, hot water, solvents, acid and alkali resistance measurements. The data indicate that the cured epoxy resins have excellent chemical resistances as organic coatings among other cured resins. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Synthesis and characterization of new dextran‐acrylamide gels
Authors: Abdurrahmanoglu Suzan , Firat Yurdun 
Published: September 2007

AbstractDextran‐acrylamide gels were synthesized in a single step reaction by using 4,4′‐azobis(4‐cynovaleric acid) as bi‐functional initiator at 60°C. Corresponding acrylamide (AaM) gels in the absence of dextran were also prepared for comparison. Several parameters such as reaction period (6, 12, and 24 h), monomer and crosslinker concentrations were varied and their effects on the properties of gels were investigated. Gels were characterized by their mechanical and swelling behaviors and in terms of structural changes using SEM. It was observed that swelling degree decreased by increasing the monomer concentration due to formation of more crosslinking points that cause tighter network structure. Mechanical measurements showed that elastic modulus of AaM gels was higher than that of dextran‐AaM gel which indicating the importance of dextran concentration on the flexibility of the network. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007
Modeling helioseismic modes in the magnetic atmosphere of the Sun
Authors: Pintér B. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe pulsation of the solar surface is caused by acoustic waves traveling in the solar interior. Thorough analyses of observational data indicate that these f and p helioseismic oscillation modes are not bounced back completely at the surface but they partially penetrate into the atmosphere. Atmospheric effects and their possible observational application are investigated in one‐dimensional magnetohydrodynamic models. It is found that f and p mode frequencies are shifted of the order of μHz due to the presence of an atmospheric magnetic field. This shift varies with the direction of the wave propagation.Resonant coupling of global helioseismic modes to local Alfvén and slow waves reduce the life time of the global modes. The resulting line width of the frequency line is of the order of nHz, and it also varies with propagation angle. These features enable us to use helioseismic observations in magnetic diagnostics of the lower atmosphere. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Absolute and convective instabilities in an inviscid compressible mixing layer
Authors: Caillol P. , Ruderman M. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe consider the stability of a compressible shear flow separating two streams of different speeds and temperatures. The velocity and temperature profiles in this mixing layer are hyperbolic tangents. The normal mode analysis of the flow stability reduces to an eigenvalue problem for the pressure perturbation. We briefly describe the numerical method that we used to solve this problem. Then, we introduce the notions of the absolute and convective instabilities and examine the effects of Mach number, and the velocity and temperature ratios of each stream on the transition between convective and absolute instabilities. Finally, we discuss the implication of the results presented in this paper for the heliopause stability. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
On the global stability of single‐planet systems
Authors: Süli Á. , Dvorak R. , Érdi B. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we estimate the global stability properties of single‐planet systems by using a catalogue of stability maps. The data of the catalogue were used to generate probability values on the mass parameter–eccentricity plane for the occurrence of stable orbits. We showed that the probability data can be well approximated by a second order surface. Using the resulted formula the likelihood of finding Earth‐like planets in single‐planet systems can be easily estimated. As an example, we derived estimations for four known exoplanetary systems. Our formula can be useful in selecting target stars for future space missions. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Stability of fictitious Trojan planets in extrasolar systems
Authors: Schwarz R. , Dvorak R. , Süli Á. , Érdi B. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractOur work deals with the dynamical possibility that in extrasolar planetary systems a terrestrial planet may have stable orbits in a 1:1 mean motion resonance with a Jovian like planet. We studied the motion of fictitious Trojans around the Lagrangian points L4/L5 and checked the stability and/or chaoticity of their motion with the aid of the Lyapunov Indicators and the maximum eccentricity. The computations were carried out using the dynamical model of the elliptic restricted three‐body problem that consists of a central star, a gas giant moving in the habitable zone, and a massless terrestrial planet. We found 3 new systems where the gas giant lies in the habitable zone, namely HD99109, HD101930, and HD33564. Additionally we investigated all known extrasolar planetary systems where the giant planet lies partly or fully in the habitable zone. The results show that the orbits around the Lagrangian points L4/L5 of all investigated systems are stable for long times (107 revolutions). (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Monte‐Carlo simulation of a possible correlation between the estimated luminosity distances and internal extinctions of type Ia supernovae
Authors: Balázs L.G. , Hetesi Zs. , Korsós M. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis paper describes a Monte Carlo simulation of type Ia supernova data. It was shown earlier that the data of SNe Ia might contain a possible correlation between the estimated luminosity distances and internal extinctions. This correlation was shown by different statistical investigations of the data. In order to remove observational biases (for example the effect of the detection limit of the observing instrument) and to test the reality of the effect found earlier we developed a simple routine which simulates extinction values, redshifts and absolute magnitudes for Ia supernovae. We pointed out that the correlation found earlier in the real data between the internal extinction and luminosity distance does not occur in the simulated sample. Furthermore, it became obvious that the detection limit of the observing devices used in supernova projects does not affect the far end of the redshift‐luminosity distance relationship of Ia supernovae. This result strengthens the earlier conclusions of the authors that SN Ia supernovae alone do not support the existence of dark energy. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A stability study of Kuiper Belt binaries
Authors: Nagy I. , Süli Á. , Érdi B. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe dynamical structure of the orbital element space of seven Kuiper Belt binary systems is studied by numerical methods in the model of the spatial elliptic restricted three‐body problem. It is shown that three systems have an extended region of stability where additional satellites could exist. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)