bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Effects of Heavy Metals (Copper, Cobalt, Manganese, Selenium, and Zinc) on Fish Immune Systems – An Overview
Authors: Bagheri Sara , Gholamhosseini Amin , Hoseinifar Seyed Hossein , Banaee Mahdi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Aquaculture, as a strategic and developmental industry, plays an important role in ensuring food security and economic stability within countries. This crucial sector faces various influences, including infectious and nutritional diseases. Certain minerals function as essential nutrients, playing a main role in processes across all aquatic animals when present in appropriate dietary proportions. Studies showed that some heavy metals serve as a catalyst for various biological functions, including the maintenance of colloidal systems, acid-base balance, bone formation, and the regulation of fundamental natural elements such as vitamins, hormones, and minerals. Fish acquire essential elements crucial for their well-being through both diet and water sources. Adequate levels of essential elements, such as iron, zinc, copper, cobalt, manganese, and selenium, in the diet contribute to enhanced growth, increased survival rates, improved disease resistance, and heightened specific immunity in fish. When incorporated in appropriate quantities, these elements play a pivotal role in disease prevention, fostering the production of high-quality fish, minimizing economic losses, and solidifying aquaculture as a robust and profitable industry. This article aims to delve into the immunological effects induced by metal elements, specifically copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se), in diverse fish species. The objective is to underscore the significance of this exploration, paving the way for the development of more potent immune supplements in the future. These supplements have the potential to improve growth, fortify immune responses, and enhance resilience against diseases in various fish species.
Reticulocyte Response in Paired Blood Samples of Babesia canis Infected Young and Adult Dogs
Authors: Milanović Zorana , Božović Anja Ilić , Bojić-Trbojević Žanka , Hajduković Ljiljana , Andrić Jelena Francuski , Filipović Milica Kovačević 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Acute B. canis infection can lead to an acute phase reaction (APR) in dogs. The parasite invades red blood cells causing anemia through immune-mediated hemolysis and possible erythropoietic suppression. A regenerative response of the erythroid lineage during the babesiosis has not been described in extension. This research examines hematologic parameters focusing on the absolute reticulocyte count and apolipoprotein A I (ApoA I) level on the day of admission and 14 days after treatment with imidocarb-dipropionate in young (n=11) and adult (n=11) dogs naturally infected with B. canis. Metabolic and inflammatory processes were characterized by analyzing protein and lipid profiles, as well as ApoA I at specified time points. Automated analyzers were used to determine complete blood count and biochemical parameters, while ApoA I was assessed using radioimmunoassay. The reticulocyte count was determined using a manual method by means of supravital staining. Both young and adult dogs with acute B. canis infection showed non-regenerative anemia without difference. Fourteen days after successful treatment with imidocarb-dipropionate, the anemia was corrected and a high reticulocyte count was observed (p<0.05). This indicates that the erythroid regenerative response was efficient in young and adult dogs, although vital signs, leukocyte count and triglyceride concentration suggest a more intense APR in young dogs. A decrease in ApoA I in both groups 14 days after treatment (p<0.01) confirmed that this lipoprotein acts as a positive acute-phase protein in acute B. canis infection in dogs, but further studies are needed to connect its role in erythroid lineage regeneration.
International Law Regulation of Environmental Security in Disarmament Treaties
Authors: Kukushkina A. V. 
Published: February 2024

INTRODUCTION. Currently, one of the urgent issues on the agenda is environmental protection. In the 80s 20th Century, due to the sharp degradation of the environment, the world community raised the issue of developing a concept of environmental safety. It has been integrated into the comprehensive system of international security as one of the constituent elements that is becoming increasingly important.The absence of lasting peace, the spread of armed conﬂicts, and the accumulation of weapons, including nuclear weapons, are of concern to the international community. Therefore, an important task in improving the system of international legal regulation of environmental protection is to improve its contractual basis.MATERIALS AND METHODS. This study uses the works of both domestic and foreign experts in international law and analyzes international legal documents on disarmament. In the course of the study, general scientiﬁc methods of cognition were used, which made it possible to systematically and logically study the subject of research in interrelation, interdependence and interdependence (comparative legal, formal legal methods, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction).THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY. Within the framework of this article, the author analyzed the problem of international legal environmental protection in relation to disarmament and made proposals for their solution and further development of international legal regulation.JUDGMENTS AND CONCLUSIONS. According to the results of the study, it was found that treaties adopted in international law to ensure international security contribute not only to the maintenance of peace, but also to environmental safety, which over the past 30 years has become included in most international legal documents.
PELATIHAN DESAIN RUMAH TRADISIONAL SUNDA KAMPUNG ADAT KASEPUHAN SINAR RESMI, CISOLOK-SUKABUMI
Authors: Walaretina Rita , Popi Puspitasari  , Agustin R. Lakawa  
Published: February 2024

Kampung Adat Kasepuhan Sinar Resmi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari masih memegang nilai-nilai serta aturan-aturan dalam bermukim. Masyarakat serta organisasi adat pada perkampungan ini tetap memandang sebuah rumah tidak hanya sebagai tempat tinggal dan tempat bernaung, namun terdapat dimensi citra yang menyebabkan adanya pemaknaan pada bangunan serta ruang tempat tinggalnya. Pada saat ini pembangunan rumah tradsional Sunda yang dilakukan secara turun temurun hanya mengandalkan ahli atau tukang bangunan dikenal dengan istilah tukang bas. Pada umumnya rumah-rumah tradisonal Sunda yang terdapat di Sinar Resmi masih terpelihara dengan baik, namun demikian terdapat pula rumah-rumah baru yang terlihat berbeda dengan rumah tradisonal yang ada. Pertumbuhan rumah-rumah baru ini tidak dapat dihindari sejalan dengan berkembangnya populasi, meningkatnya kebutuhan masyarakat serta arus modernisasi. Untuk menjaga keberlanjutan akan citra perkampungan adat tradisional Sunda, maka dirasakan perlu memberikan pelatihan kepada masyarakat setempat dalam melakukan proses desain yang masih tetap mempertahankan nilai-nilai lokal. Pengumpulan data lapangan serta penggambaran rancangan rumah tinggal asli sebagai data awal menjadi bahan utama dalam melakukan pelatihan ini. Melalui pendekatan partisipatori dan diskusi mendalam yang melibatkan masyarakat setempat, maka pembangunan dan pengembangan rumah tinggal diharapkan tetap memegang nilai dan aturan yang telah berlangsung sejak lama. Dengan demikian maka permukiman yang selaras dengan alam akan terjaga keberlanjutannya.
The Moscow City Duma and private entrepreneurship at the beginning of the XX century: metro construction projects
Authors: Popovich Nikita Denisovich 
Published: February 2024

The object of the study is the Moscow city government and its relations with private entrepreneurship in the pre–revolutionary period. The subject of the study is projects for the construction of the Moscow metro in the early XX century. The study of this issue is important, since modern entrepreneurship and the city authorities will continue to actively cooperate on various issues. In addition, this work allows us to better understand why the construction of the Moscow metro took place only in the 1930s, although the first attempts were made several decades before that. The study pays special attention to the reasons why the City Duma did not want to entrust the construction of the metro to private capital. To determine these reasons, the materials of the fund of the Central State Archive of Moscow – "Moscow City Duma and Council (1870-1917)" were studied. The methodological foundations of the research include the principle of historicism, the principle of objectivity and the principle of consistency. The main methods used in this study include the historical-genetic and retrospective method. The scientific novelty of the study lies in a deeper study of the topic, a detailed study of the materials and the introduction into scientific circulation of a new source – "Verbatim reports on the meetings of the Moscow City Duma for the month of June 1913." According to the conclusions of the study, there were several reasons why the Moscow metro was not built in the pre-revolutionary period. The City Duma did not want to entrust the project to private capital, but was not ready to take on this task because of its high cost. At the same time, members of the city administration were afraid of missing out on potential profits from the future operation of the subway and did not want to share control over such an important transport network. In addition to this, there were concerns among the Duma's vowels that the construction of the metro would have a negative impact on the population of the city, especially in its central part.
Makna Gramatikal Verba dalam Lirik Lagu Hoshi wo Tsukame dan Garuda to Tomo ni oleh Hiroaki Kato
Authors: Nugroho Rahadiyan Duwi , Wulandari Siti , Zuliastutik Hendri , Pratama Adi Putra 
Published: February 2024

Masalah penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pengaruh verba yang memiliki makna gramatikal dalam lirik lagu Hoshi wo Tsukame dan Garuda to Tomo ni berpengaruh terhadap makna dari kedua lagu tersebut. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni, teori semantik (imiron), makna gramatikal (bunpouteki-imi) verba imperatif (meireikei), verba …n desu, dan verba tak pasti (doushi no futeikei). Tujuan penelitian ini yakni untuk mengidentifikasi perubahan makna gramatikal dari verba yang berada dalam lirik lagu Hoshi wo Tsukame dan Garuda to Tomo ni, kedua mengetahui pengaruh perubahan verba tersebut dalam memengaruhi makna dari kedua lagu tersebut. Manfaat penelitian ini yakni, pemelajar bahasa Jepang dapat memahami perubahan makna gramatikal dari verba bahasa Jepang dalam lirik lagu bahasa Jepang dapat memengaruhi perubahan maknanya. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini yakni, verba (doushi) yang mengalami proses perubahan makna makna leksikal ke gramatikal sebanyak 9 data. Pertama, verba berbentuk perintah (meireikei) ada dua bentuk. Satu, verba + bentuk …ro (ーろ) ditemukan 4 verba yakni, misetsukero ‘tunjukkan padaku’, yakitsukero ‘catatlah’, koero ‘lampauilah’, oitsuzukero ‘terus kejar’. Dua, verba + bentuk…ge (ーげ) ditemukan 3 yakni, tsunage ‘gandeng’, tsudoe ‘berkumpul’, tachimukae ‘hadapi’. Kedua, verba berbentuk …n desu dengan bentuk: verba + bentuk…nda (ーんだ) ditemukan 1 yakni, shinjiru nda. ‘percayalah’. Ketiga, verba tak pasti (doushi no futeikei) dengan bentuk: verba + bentuk…zuni (ーずに) ditemukan 1 yakni, akiramezuni ‘tanpa menyerah’. Ketiga fungsi verba tersebut secara tidak langsung memengaruhi kandungan makna kedua lagu tersebut yang menyeru, menguatkan, dan memberi sikap optimis bahwa para atlet khususnya Tim Indonesia dan Timnas U17 agar berjuang gigih, pantang menyerah dan yakin dapat meraih prestasi terbaik.
Kata kunci: Garuda to Tomo ni; Hoshi wo Tsukame; lirik lagu; makna gramatikal; verba.
Automated One-Sided Learning Fault Detection System for Reaction Wheel Bearing Friction Anomalies
Authors: Huang Yujia , Ferguson Philip 
Published: February 2024

Monitoring a satellite’s health during a mission has become critical in space engineering. In-flight anomaly detection is difficult for ground operators, placing space missions at risk of failure. Machine learning algorithms are data-driven methods that could autonomously detect faults in situ. In this paper, a new application of machine learning algorithms in space engineering is introduced for detecting reaction wheel bearing anomalies that only relies on nominal data (no failure data) for training and with no prior knowledge of the system dynamics. Using a one-sided regression method, an automated fault detection system was designed to monitor the attitude dynamics control system for a small satellite. The proposed detection algorithm was first trained using a simulated attitude dynamics control system for the small satellite. Next, the detection system was trained with only nominal behavioral data of the control system for a designated period of time. Then, different types of bearing friction failures were added to the simulated system to test the trained fault detection system. The empirical rule (68-95-99.7 rule) was used as a failure detection criterion to differentiate failure data from nominal. Similar physical tests were conducted using a combination of a brushless motor and drone propellers. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrated the robustness of detection accuracy, were model-free, and verified the feasibility of an easy-to-use, accurate, and autonomous anomaly detection system for reaction wheels that could be extended to other space systems.
Effect of Fe, Ni, and Co on the hydrothermal liquefaction of Chinese herb residue for bio-oil production
Authors: Liu Liangbei , Guan Haibin , Chen Bingtong , Zhao Baofeng , Zhong Cunqing , Zhang Heming , Zhu Di , Bao Qinghe , Wulan Bari , Feng Xiangyu 
Published: February 2024

This study investigated the effects of reaction temperature (300–360 °C), reaction time (0–60 min), and the ratio of raw materials to solvent (1:5–1:15; g/mL) on the HydroThermal Liquefaction (HTL) of Chinese Herb Residues (CHR) for Bio-Oil (BO) production. Optimal HTL conditions for CHR were determined. To enhance both the yield and quality of BO, metal-modified catalysts including Fe/MCM-41, Co/MCM-41, and Ni/MCM-41 were prepared. These catalysts, after hydrogen reduction, loaded metal elements in their elemental state onto the carrier. Subsequently, CHR catalytic HTL experiments were conducted at 330 °C for 15 min with a ratio of 1:10 (g/mL). BO analysis was performed using EA, GC-MS, and FT-IR. Under the optimal HTL conditions (330 °C/15 min/1:10), the BO yield reached 24.57 wt.%, with a Higher Heating Value (HHV) of 25.96 MJ/kg. The major components of the BO included phenols, ketones, acids, and esters. In the catalytic HTL, Fe/MCM-41 (26.15 wt.%), Ni/MCM-41 (26.2 wt.%), and Co/MCM-41 (27.05 wt.%) catalysts each achieved higher BO yields. When using Ni/MCM-41 catalyst, the highest HHV of BO reached 32.01 MJ/kg, representing an 81% improvement over CHR HHV of 17.66 MJ/kg. Additionally, with Fe/MCM-41 catalyst, the lowest oxygen content in BO was 9.68%, and the selectivity for phenols and ketones was the highest, showing increases of 15.22% and 33.15%, respectively, reaching 44.13% and 24.5%. The results indicate that HTL can effectively convert high-moisture CHR into valuable products. Hydrogen-reduced metal-modified catalysts contribute significantly to increasing BO yield, promoting deoxygenation and hydrogenation reactions, and markedly improving HHV and the selectivity of chemical components, thereby effectively enhancing both the yield and quality of BO.
Overview of fluid and macronutrient intake, knowledge and attitudes and eating behavior among private university medical students in Jakarta
Authors: Sutanto Luciana Budiati , Winaktu Gracia JMT , Fabiani Helena , Lestarina Leilani 
Published: February 2024

Background: Adequate intake of micronutrients and fluids are important for study performance of students
Objective: To obtain an overview of macronutrient and fluid intake, also knowledge, attitudes, and healthy eating behavior of medical students from Krida Wacana Christian University (UKRIDA)
Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted in October 2021 based on consecutive sampling. Height and weight was self-recorded, while the food and fluid intake was assessed via a phone interview using a 3-day diary. There were 97 students who met the inclusion and exclusion study’s criteria who participated in macronutrient and fluid intake data, and 90 of them for the knowledge, attitudes, and healthy eating behavior data.
Results: As much as 10.3% of the study participants were underweight, 41.2% normal, and 48.5% overweight-obese. For macronutrient intake, compared to the RDA, 95.9% of subjects had inadequate energy intake, 100% had inadequate carbohydrates intake, 85.6% for fat intake and 55.7% for protein intake. For fluid intake, 76.3% of respondents had less, 18.6% had adequate, 5.1% had more than RDA. For the nutrition knowledge, 85.6% of respondents had good, 12.2% had sufficient, and 2.2% had inadequate nutrition knowledge. For the respondents’ eating habits, 91.1% of respondents reported good, 7.8% adequate, and 1% non-healthy
Conclusion: Most of the subject had inadequate intake of energy, macronutrients, and fluids. Knowledge and attitudes towards healthy eating are mostly good, while healthy eating behavior can be further improved.
Interdisciplinary Knowledge in Library and Bibliographic Classification and Universal Decimal Classification
Authors: Khodanovich Marina A. , Yakovleva Galina V. 
Published: February 2024

Library classification was originally created for the purpose of thematic arrangement of books on the shelves in libraries on the basis of classification systems. The creation of the latter, in turn, is closely related to the classification of sciences, as works devoted to certain fields of knowledge or spheres of human activity are classified.Throughout their history, classification schemes have been transformed and structurally changed, based on the basic principles and levels of scientific knowledge. Originating in the ancient period, science has been developing for centuries according to the disciplinary principle. However, in the process of evolution of scientific knowledge there is interdisciplinary integration, which involves both natural, technical and social sciences. Complex fields of study are formed as a result of interscientific interaction, when the most distant sciences can discover a direct connection. This is a joint cognitive activity of specialists from different scientific disciplines, involving not only research, but also other types of activity (organizational, communicative, journalistic, etc.). Thus, the sphere of interdisciplinarity is formed.The article considers the representation of the problems of interdisciplinary research in the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) and in the Library and Bibliographic Classification (LBC), recognized as the national classification system of Russia.
“Indispensable Reference Book”: Russian Calendars or Monthbooks of the 18th Century from the Collection of the Russian State Library Book Museum
Authors: Vishnyakova Yulia I. 
Published: February 2024

For a modern user, a calendar is usually a reference table that lists all the days of the year in sequential order, dividing them into months and weeks, and highlighting weekends and holidays with a special color. People of the 18th century gave the calendar similar definitions, but its functions were much broader: the calendar became a desk book, fulfilled the functions of a notebook, an individual for each family home directory — for this purpose in the copies, even at the stage of conclusion in the cover or binding, blank sheets were bound to keep family and household records. Throughout most of the 18th century, the Imperial Academy of Sciences in St Petersburg had the exclusive right to issue calendars, and the calendars, along with other academic publications, were subject to state and church control, as they contained current information about persons serving at the court and about the highest Russian officialdom. The Russian State Library as part of the collection of the Research Department of Rare Books (Museum of Books) holds a representative collection of calendars and monthbooks of the 18th century, which makes it possible to get acquainted with the repertoire of this type of publications. The present study examines the subjects and readers’ address of calendars or monthbooks of the 18th century, reveals the content of the “Calendar or Monthbook for the summer from the Nativity of Christ...”, court, historical, geographical, economic, travel, church, “fortune-telling” calendars on the example of copies from the collection of the Book Museum.The calendar as a type of publishing reacted sensitively to the changes that took place in society and in the book business in different historical periods, tried to record the information that seemed important to contemporaries, helped owners to structure their lives and the lives of their families, their homes and households. Calendars had their readers and admirers. It is in the calendar that one finds information that has not passed the test of time, but is so necessary to reconstruct the history of everyday life of a particular era.
Spontaneous Hierotopia in Modern Myth-Making: The Case of Arkaim
Authors: Sokovikov Sergey S. , Kaminskaya Elena A. 
Published: February 2024

The phenomenon of spontaneous hierotopia is considered as a process of spontaneous sacralization of places, which, according to the participants of this activity, have supernatural properties. Its development is conditioned, on the one hand, by the effect of the image of the sacred rooted in the cultural consciousness, on the other hand, by modern socio-cultural problems, in relation to which spontaneous hierotopia acts as a compensating factor. This phenomenon has insufficiently reflected positive potential embodied in a set of vital functions. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to analyze the peculiarities of spontaneous hierotopia, which expresses the real needs of the subjects involved in this activity, who act outside the institutional systems, including confessional ones. Therefore, their cultural creation is characterized by eclecticism and bricolage way of creating sacred artefacts, which is typical for spontaneous myth — making in general.The autonomy and uncontrollability of this phenomenon to the generally accepted institutional systems generates a sharply critical reaction from secular (scientific) and religious (traditional-confessional) authorities. The analysis shows the lack of objectivity of such criticism: claims to the unscientific nature of spontaneous hierotopia are unfounded due to the fact that it is based on mythological imagination; the inconsistency with canonical attitudes is an irreversible consequence of personal and creative situational construction of sacred objects.Concretization of the peculiarities of spontaneous hierotopia, made on the example of the archeological monument Arkaim, allowed to reveal the main regularities of the process of spontaneous sacralization and to establish the urgency of the problems reflected in it. Specific features of the formation of sacralized loci are analyzed. The special atmosphere of tolerance, peacefulness and positive interaction inherent in such places due to the totality of their subjective and objective properties is characterized.