bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Signal Processing Techniques in Damage Detection and Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Rahim S , Najmi A , Samin R , Rahman N I , Sathurshan S 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This work focuses on the application of the well-known signal processing techniques such as the time series models, Fourier transform, and wavelet transform in visualizing peaks of vibration and their pattern that are used in structural health monitoring. The primary objective of this study is to compare the ability of the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) series and the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) series in detecting mechanical faults, specifically looseness and bearing condition, in an electrical motor simulator through the visualization of vibration peak changes. By utilizing these two signal processing techniques, the frequency peaks caused by alterations in the structure have been compared. It is done on a vibration experiment under different bearing conditions such as normal condition, looseness of bearing mountings at the mid of the shaft and loose end condition, bearing damage at mid and end condition. These defects are performed using two different speeds. The vibrations were measured with a Dytran Triaxial Accelerometer with three different axis which were X, Y and Z axis. Then, the raw data obtained in acceleration transformed into time series, Fourier transform and finally wavelet transform using Matlab software. As the raw data was collected in time series, they are transformed to frequency spectrum using the Fourier transform. The frequency data have been chosen by the comparison of the X, Y and Z axis in time series based on the most significant amplitudes in respective to the three-axis stated. Finally, continuous wavelet transform (CWT) series are compared with the frequency peaks obtained using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). CWT used to plot the data by using magnitude scalogram method. It is shown that this method has provided a better way to visualize and identify the vibration peaks through all frequency ranges with respect to time and magnitude of vibration. One notable advantage of employing CWT is the simultaneous display of magnitude and time measurements alongside color-scaled frequency peaks on the plot. This scalogram visualization permits more precise detection of the fluctuation of vibration peaks than the FFT, which can be laborious. Therefore, CWT has the better effective techniques in detection of high vibration in scope of this work.
Flow Field Simulation and Nozzle Parameter Optimization of Rust Removal Robot Based on High-Pressure Water Jet Technology
Authors: Peng Wei , Ma Yue , Li Bin , Wang Xinjie , Peng Pai , Wang Jinyuan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
To enhance the safety and longevity of large ships, employing high-pressure water jet technology for rust removal is crucial in this article, the qualitative relationship among the key parameters of high-pressure water jet rust removal is analyzed theoretically. Secondly, the flow field simulation is carried out using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software to verify the relationship among the key parameters. Finally, the influence of different nozzle length-diameter ratios on jet characteristics is analyzed. The simulation results show that the nozzle end length is 0 mm and the nozzle diameter is 1mm for the straight-cone convergent nozzle with a shrinking angle of 30° when the diameter of the length-diameter ratio remains unchanged and the length of the nozzle end is changed. Simultaneously, the highest values are observed for the nozzle exit velocity and the impact force on the target surface. The impact range of target shear force takes the maximum value when the length-diameter ratio is 1. Further, by changing the length of the nozzle-end and the nozzle diameter in the length-diameter ratio, the influence on the jet characteristics can be concluded that the nozzle diameter has a greater influence on the nozzle exit velocity than the nozzle-end length. On this basis, the optimized nozzle parameters can be obtained i.e., the nozzle-end length is 1 mm and the nozzle diameter is 1 mm, such that the effective striking area of the jet is the largest and the striking effect is the best.
Temperature Rising Analysis of Dry-type Reactor Based on Multi-physical Coupled-field Method
Authors: Wu Xiong , Fan Zhi , Yang Shuang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
To study the temperature-rising characteristics of the windings of the dry-type reactor, a three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) simulation model of electromagnetic-fluid-temperature coupling of the reactor is constructed by using the method of the multi-physical field coupled modeling. Firstly, based on the magnetic-circuit coupled theory, the electromagnetic analytical model of the reactor is created and analyzed, and the heat density per unit volume of the reactor is obtained. Then, based on the heat transfer principle of fluid-temperature coupling, taking the heat density per unit volume of the reactor as the heat source, the 3D model of the reactor with fluid-temperature coupling is analyzed by the finite volume method, and the distribution of the internal temperature of the reactor is obtained. From the simulation results of the reactor, the temperature in the upper region is higher than that in the lower region, and the temperature of both sides is lower than that of the middle region. The change regulations of the temperatures in the different encapsulations are basically the same. The temperature gradually increases from the bottom to the top, and the maximum temperature locates at approximately 90% of the axial height of the reactor. The research results provide reference for structure modification, temperature-rising monitoring and overheating fault diagnosis of the reactor.
Research and application on intelligent monitoring and early warning system for Inner-Suspended gin poles
Authors: Xia Yongjun , Sun Lijiang , Zhang Xing , Meng Fanhao , Ma Yong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The pressure of the inner suspension pole body is one of the key control indicators that need to be focused on in the design and use of the pole. A real-time intelligent monitoring and early warning system for the working status of the internal suspension pole tower is developed to address safety issues such as excessive inclination, excessive force on the stay wire or support rope during the construction process, including pole body pressure monitoring. The system monitors the axial pressure and inclination angle of the pole body using an integrated sensor for the axial pressure and inclination angle of the pole body. The tension sensor monitors the tension of the lifting, pulling, and supporting ropes, and the anemometer monitors the environmental wind speed. The monitoring data is fed back to the monitoring system through a wireless transmission module, and the safety of the pole state is determined in real-time through an embedded algorithm. When the preset threshold is exceeded, an audible and visual warning is issued. A comparison was made between the actual lifting test and theoretical calculation values, and engineering applications were completed.
Multi-physical Field Analysis Method for Enclosed Isolated Phase Busbar of Hydropower Station
Authors: Fu Jianwen , Yang Bo , Qian Feng , Wang Shuaishuai , Wang Xiaomei , Feng Antao , Cai Feihong , Zhang Hailong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, geometrical modelling and finite element multi-physical field analysis method are carried out for the actual layout of the enclosed isolated phase busbar (EIPB) of a hydropower station, for the horizontal and vertical connection parts that can hardly be considered in the analytical calculation process. The finite element model is able to accurately represent the main structure of the EIPB by reasonably simplifying some of the components. Meanwhile, the finite element model incorporates the coupling of magnetic field and transient structural field, allowing for analysis of the magnetic field distribution, stress-strain distribution, modal analysis, and harmonic response of each component of the EIPB. It is capable of analyzing the vibration response of the complex horizontal-vertical structure EIPB under different excitations. This method can overcome the limitations of analytical calculation methods in calculating complex structure EIPBs. It can also provide valuable guidance for the structural optimization design of future EIPBs.
Design of Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Circuit Frequency Domain Characteristics Fault Dictionary Method
Authors: Pang Teng , Mao Weiwei , Liu Hongliang , Li Yuan , Hou Chao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In recent years, with the rapid development of integrated circuits and the widespread application of smart chips, the internal structure of complex electronic systems have become increasingly complex, which greatly increases the difficulty of board-level circuit testing and fault diagnosis of complex electronic systems. At present, traditional manual testing methods are no longer able to meet the maintenance requirements of modern complex electronic system board-level circuit. Therefore, the development of intelligent and universal automatic testing systems has become an important issue in fault detection of complex electronic systems. Based on the testing requirements of the automatic test system(ATS), this paper designs the corresponding overall scheme, software scheme and hardware circuit, and studies the fault diagnosis and test of board-level circuit of complex electronic system, and proposes to apply the traditional Bode diagram to the engineering practice of ATS. Fault detection is realized by utilizing the frequency domain characteristics of the object under test.
Gas Insulated Metal Enclosed Transmission Line (GIL) Seismic Response Analysis
Authors: Li Haoran , Zhou Jin , Wang Zemin , Li Bojing , Ma Yuan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The seismic response analysis of a 550 kV gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line (GIL) is carried out to address the seismic performance issues in the design of the GIL. Firstly, the GIL is modeled in three dimensions, and the pre-stressed modal analysis is conducted to obtain the vibration characteristics of the GIL structure. Secondly, the seismic response spectrum analysis is conducted according to the national standard, and the seismic characteristics are obtained to meet the requirement of resisting an earthquake of magnitude 9, but there are problems of relatively large stress distribution and small safety coefficient of the brace. Finally, it is proposed to change the cross-section of the bracket to strengthen the stiffness of the bracket to improve the seismic performance of the GIL equipment, and simulations are carried out to verify the results, which show that increasing the cross-section of the bracket can improve the seismic performance of the equipment.
Design and Verification of Cascaded Multilevel STATCOM Active Filter Function
Authors: Yang Shuangmian , Zhao Jing , Sheng Junyi , Rong Yi , Cao Junzheng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
STATCOM can be used as both dynamic reactive power compensation device and active power filter to improve the power quality of a power grid. This paper describes the active filter function implemented into an existing STATCOM control. The paper explains firstly the filtering control system of the STATCOM, starting from the introduction of active power filter principle, harmonic current detection and tracking control. After that, the parameter design, open-loop characterization and simulation verification of the proposed filtering control scheme are carried out. The PSCAD simulation results show that the active filtering control scheme proposed in this paper can effectively reduce the harmonic content in the system and has good stability.
Design and Simulation of Reliability Test System of a Charging Generator
Authors: Lv Fei , Dai Chunming , Wang Mian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The DC voltage pulsation factor of twelve-phase rectification is much smaller than that of three- and six-phase rectification. Twelve-phase rectifier charging generators are often used where a high quality DC power supply is required. The probability of failure of charging generator is gradually increasing due to its complex structure and function. The reliability test of charging generator can provide a scientific basis for the operation condition, maintenance and determination of the repair cycle of this type of motor. The article combines the basic theory of reliability test, analyses the charging generator constant stress accelerated reliability test scheme, designs the energy feedback test drag system with the generator output as the power source of DC motor, and carries out the dynamic performance simulation and analysis of the reliability test system based on PSCAD/EMTDC. The simulation results show that the energy feedback reliability test system has fast response and good stability.
Short-term Load Forecasting Based on CEEMDAN-LSTM-AdaBoost
Authors: Xi Lingling , Gong Dandan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
High precision load forecasting is of great significance for effectively allocating resources in energy systems and improving energy utilization efficiency. In order to improve the accuracy of load forecasting, this paper proposes a new load forecasting model based on the adaptive noise complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMDAN)-long short-term memory neural network (LSTM)-adaptive boosting algorithm (AdaBoost). Firstly, CEEMDAN is used to decompose the original load sequence to obtain a series of eigenmode components, which can reduce the impact caused by the non-stationary nature of data. Then, these eigenmode components are input into LSTM for prediction, and an integrated learning model by AdaBoost is introduced. A strong predictor is constructed through several weak predictors to increase the prediction accuracy. Finally, the prediction result of each component is superimposed and reconstructed to obtain the final prediction result. Compared with other models, the two evaluation indicators of the proposed prediction model have decreased by 35.52% and 76.61% respectively, indicating the good prediction accuracy and generalization performance of the proposed method.
Researches on Operation Optimization of Charging Device Participating in Demand Response of Power Grid
Authors: Chen Yuchun , Liu Yuhang , Zhang Yunkai , Zhang Ran , Wang Chao , Xu Shaozhe 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The application of electric vehicles has been an important mean to solve crisis of oil supplies and environment protection pressure. The number of charging devices has increased rapidly due to the orientation of policy and market in recent years. As a result, the load peak-to-valley difference will be aggravated and the electricity cost of residents will be increased. The purpose of the paper is researching the path to achieve the demand response with orderly charging of electric vehicles when a large number of electric vehicles are connected to the grid. Firstly, technological development trends of electric vehicles are analyzed. Secondly, a scheme that can uniformly manage and regulate load resources is designed by considering the charging needs of users in a comprehensive way. The core devices such as energy controller and energy router are applied in the scheme. Thirdly, a series of experiments are conducted in a residential district with 660 households and 24 charging piles in Beijing. Finally, the results indicate that the load peak-trough difference of the residential district has reduced by 58% if all of users choose to participate in demand response based on the control strategy of orderly charging.
Research on Surface Protection Technology of Aluminum Alloy Heat Sinks in Lithium Battery with Composite Anodic Oxide Film
Authors: Fei Qiang , Jiang Bingchun , Jin Biao , Yang Xing , Mao Zesen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aluminum alloy sheets are immersed in a mixed acid electrolyte for anodic oxidation to prepare different types of anodic oxide films. The mass concentration of TiO2 nanoparticles in the electrolyte is appropriately increased, and under the action of liquid flow disturbance, the number of nanoparticles adsorbed on the surface of aluminum alloy specimens increases, which plays a good role in homogenizing current and filling, promoting more uniform film formation and inhibiting local excessive corrosion and dissolution of the anodic oxide film, Gradually generate a composite anodized film with good density. The composite anodized film constructs a protective barrier on the surface of the aluminum alloy heat sink in lithium batteries, which can effectively block corrosive media and has a better protective effect on the heat sink than conventional anodized film and mixed acid anodized film, thereby significantly improving the corrosion resistance of the heat sink.
Calculation of Mixed Oil Volume for Sequential Transportation of Crude Oil Pipelines with Variable Temperature and Low Reynolds Number
Authors: Xiong Xiaoqin , Xing Xiaokai , Li Hongfu , Xue Runbin , Li Yuanyuan , Liu Tian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In order to meet the differentiated demand of oil refiners for crude oil, improve the operating load ratio of long-distance pipelines, and reduce one-time investment, sequential transportation process has been widely used in long-distance crude oil pipelines in China. There are many studies on the calculation method of the mixed oil quantity of sequential transportation of refined oil, but due to its complex influencing factors, there is no general calculation model accepted by everyone. For the sequential transportation of crude oil pipelines, most of them have the characteristics of variable temperature and low Reynolds number, and it is more difficult to accurately calculate the mixed oil quantity than the refined oil pipeline. Through the analysis of the characteristics of oil mixing and hydraulic characteristics of sequential oil transportation, combined with the operation example of an oil pipeline in China, the calculation results of the diffusion theory formula, the Austin-Palfrey empirical formula and the equivalent pipeline length formula were compared and analyzed. The results show that the “equivalent pipeline length method” considers the influence of flow, pipe diameter and conveying distance on oil mixing, and takes into account the oil mixture caused by the change of initial oil mix and Reynolds number, which is more suitable for calculating the mixed oil quantity of sequential transportation of crude oil pipelines. However, for the sequential transportation of crude oil pipelines with low Reynolds number and variable temperature, the amount of oil mixed will be increased. According to the comparative analysis of actual cases, the correction coefficient is increased by 1.5 times on the basis of theoretical calculation, and the calculated value is in good agreement with the actual value, and the deviation is within 5%. It can be used as a reference for the design and operation management of variable temperature and low Reynolds number crude oil sequential transportation pipeline.
Effect of Thermal and Electric Fields on Thermal Stability and Dielectric Properties of SiO2/Cellulose Composite Materials
Authors: Liu Daosheng , Cui Chele 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Molecular simulation techniques are widely used to study transformer insulation material characteristics and nano-modification mechanism. However, there are numerous researches on the thermal stability and dielectric properties of nano-modified cellulose insulation paper, and few studies have combined nano-modification with the process of electrical-thermal aging. This study established SiO2/Cellulose models with different weight percentages to calculate their average number of hydrogen bonds (AHB), glass transition temperature (Tg
) and relative permittivity (RP) under electro-thermal coupling. The study indicates that the 5wt% SiO2/Cellulose model exhibits the best modification effect. Temperature is the primary factor causing aging of the cellulose insulation paper, and the introduction of an electric field accelerates the thermal aging of the cellulose insulation paper. Increasing hydrogen bond quantity and restricting molecular chain movement are key factors that enhance insulation materials anti-aging performance.
Optimization on Microbial Anti-Scaling and Corrosion Inhibition Technology for Low Alkalinity and Low Hardness Circulating Cooling Water in Thermal Power Plants
Authors: Liu Ning , Wang Liangshi , Liu Xingyu , Lv Ying , Zhu Xuezhe , Tang Chuiyun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper analyzed the potential effectiveness of microbial anti-scaling and corrosion inhibition technology for low alkalinity and low hardness circulating cooling water in thermal power plants and used response surface models to study the effects and optimal conditions of key technical parameters. The results showed that when the nutrient solution dosage, bacterial agent dosage and aeration rate were set at 0.1-0.3 ‰, 0.1-0.5 ‰, and 1-3 L/min, respectively, the calcium hardness, corrosion rate of brass and stainless steel 304 in the water could be controlled within 9.77-15.30 mmol/L, 0.77-6.58 μm/a, and 1.20-4.50 μm/a, respectively. The variance analysis results indicated that the response surface linear model was the most suitable for evaluating the effects of key operation parameters on the application efficiency of the technology. The obtained model furtherly revealed that the nutrient solution dosage and bacterial agent dosage were extremely significant explanatory variable factors affecting the application of microbial technology in inhibition and corrosion control (P < 0.01). Still, the aeration rate did not reach a significant effect (P > 0.05). Based on the regression equation of actual factors, the study further revealed through the hill climbing algorithm that the optimal comprehensive effect of microbial technology in inhibition and corrosion control was achieved when the nutrient solution dosage, bacterial agent dosage, and aeration rate were set at 0.3‰, 0.5‰, and 1 L/min, respectively.
Estimation Method of Charged Particle Concentration in Aircraft Engine Exhaust Based on Electric Field Detection
Authors: Lv Jianxun , Liu Xinyu , Yuan Haiwen , Liu Chengxin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aircraft engines, serving as the power core of aircraft, also constitute a significant source of potential malfunctions. The charge level of exhaust particles from aircraft engines serves as a crucial indicator of engine malfunction severity. This paper introduces a method for estimating the charge of exhaust particles based on electric field detection to monitor charged particles in the exhaust of aircraft engines. Initially, a mathematical model for estimating the charge of exhaust particles based on Gauss’s theorem is presented. Subsequently, an exhaust electric field induction device is designed, and the distribution of electric field sensors is studied, providing an overall design for the exhaust particle charge measurement system. Finally, the proposed method for estimating the charge of exhaust particles is analyzed through finite element simulation. The results indicate that the introduced aircraft engine exhaust particle charge estimation method based on electric field detection exhibits high accuracy and effectiveness. It offers a novel means for monitoring engine operation faults in aviation, with the potential for application in engine ground testing to further investigate engine state characterization technologies based on exhaust particle monitoring.