bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of immune cell infiltration and biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease and COVID-19 by integrated bioinformatics analysis and machine learning
Authors: Li Juntu , Tao Linfeng , Zhou Yanyou , Zhu Yue , Li Chao , Pan Yiyuan , Liu Jun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: Since its emergence in late 2019, COVID-19 has become a global epidemic, resulting in numerous infections, including a significant number of critically ill patients. Several studies have suggested a possible link between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and COVID-19. For instance, a Mendelian randomization study has proposed a causal relationship between Alzheimer's disease and COVID-19 in the pathogenic mechanism. However, there are limited studies exploring the common pathogenic genes and immune infiltration between the two. Therefore, we conducted this study to identify key genes in COVID-19 associated with Alzheimer's disease, evaluate their correlation with immune cell characteristics and metabolic pathways, and investigate potential novel biomarkers.
Methods: Transcriptome analyses were used to identify common biomolecular markers of AD and COVID-19. Differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed on gene chip datasets (GSE213313, GSE5281, and GSE63060) from AD and COVID-19 patients to identify genes associated with both conditions. Common pathogenic molecular mechanisms were identified through Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses. The core genes were then identified using machine learning methods. Subsequently, we evaluated the relationship between these core genes and common immune cells and metabolic pathways. Finally, our findings were validated through single-cell analysis.
Results: The study identified 484 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by taking the intersection of genes between AD and COVID-19. The black module, containing 132 genes, showed the highest association between the two diseases according to WGCNA. GO enrichment analysis revealed that these genes mainly affect inflammation, cytokines, immune-related functions, and signaling pathways related to metal ions and cellular response to viruses. Additionally, a machine learning approach identified eight core genes. We identified links between these genes and immune cells and also found a strong association between EIF3H and oxidative phosphorylation. In addition, these results were further validated by single-cell analysis.
Conclusion: This study identifies potential shared genes, signaling pathways, immune-related alterations, and changes in metabolic pathways that may collectively contribute to the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and Alzheimer's disease. These findings provide new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of both diseases.
Layer-specific Transcriptional Signatures of Colon Anastomotic Healing and Leakage in Mice
Authors: Sengul Hilal , Bantavi Vasiliki , Yim Andrew Y.F. Li , Efferz Patrik , Schneiker Bianca , de Jonge Wouter J , Wehner Sven 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Colon anastomotic leakage (CAL) is a postoperative complication originating from disturbed colon anastomotic healing (CAH). Wound healing involves several well-coordinated stages, which have not been comprehensively studied for CAH or CAL. This study aims to provide transcriptional profiles of different intestinal layers of anastomotic tissues throughout distinct healing stages and to identify CAL-related genes.
Methods
Proximal colon anastomosis was constructed with 8 interrupted sutures in mice. Six hours, 24h and 72h after surgery, anastomotic complications were assessed. Transcriptional profiles of inner (mucosa and submucosa) and outer (muscularis externa) layer of the anastomotic and naive control tissues were analyzed with 3’ bulk mRNA sequencing to identify the layer-specific healing and leakage pathways.
Results
Our data indicate that the mucosa/submucosa and muscularis externa enter inflammation stage at 6h, proliferation stage at 24h and tissue remodeling stage at 72h during CAH. We observed that transcription profiles of the mucosa/submucosa, but not the muscularis externa, differ between CAH and CAL. Particularly, genes related to extracellular remodeling (including Col18a1 and Col16a1) and wound healing (Pdpn and Timp1) showed lower expression in the mucosa/submucosa of CAL tissue compared to CAH.
Conclusions
Mucosa/submucosa and muscularis externa are mostly in synchronization during the inflammation, proliferation, and extracellular remodeling stages during CAH. Transcriptional profiles within the anastomotic mucosa/submucosa differ between CAH and CAL in genes related to extracellular modelling and wound healing, indicating that genes of these pathways may contribute to CAL.
The diagnostic value of strain elastography for BI-RADS category 4 lesions
Authors: Dong Meng , Zhang Bingyi , Fu Chenghui , Xu Xingdong , Xing Boyuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the diagnostic value of strain elastography for Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 4 lesions.
Methods
We recruited a total of 224 patients (259 lesions in all) who were diagnosed with BI-RADS category 4 lesions from July 2021 to December 2022.The sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy (ACC) of conventional ultrasound (US), the elasticity score method, the strain ratio method, a combined group and logistic regression model for the diagnosis of BI-RADS category 4 lesions were calculated. Compare the area under the curve (AUC) values and evaluate the diagnostic value. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
Of the 259 BI-RADS category 4 lesions,163 were benign and 96 were malignant. The AUC values of five methods: Logistic regression model > combined group > strain ratio method > conventional US > elasticty score method. The combined group was higher than that for the conventional US and elasticity score method. The AUC of the strain ratio method was higher than that of the elasticity score method, and the AUC of the logistic regression model was higher than the strain ratio method; these differences were all significant (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Strain elastography has high diagnostic value for BI-RADS category 4 lesions, and the strain ratio method was superior to elasticity score method. The efficacy of conventional US when combined with the elasticity score for the diagnosis of BI-RADS category 4 lesions was better than that of either method alone.
Clinical, pathologic and molecular findings in 2 Rottweiler littermates with appendicular osteosarcoma
Authors: Silver Kate I. , Mannheimer Joshua D. , Saba Corey , Hendricks William P. D. , Wang Guannan , Day Kenneth , Warrier Manisha , Beck Jessica A. , Mazcko Christina , LeBlanc Amy K. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Appendicular osteosarcoma was diagnosed and treated in a pair of littermate Rottweiler dogs, resulting in distinctly different clinical outcomes despite similar therapy within the context of a prospective, randomized clinical trial (NCI-COTC021/022). Histopathology, immunohistochemistry, mRNA sequencing, and targeted DNA hotspot sequencing techniques were applied to both dogs’ tumors to define factors that could underpin their differential response to treatment. We describe the comparison of their clinical, histologic and molecular features, as well as those from a companion cohort of Rottweiler dogs, providing new insight into potential prognostic biomarkers for canine osteosarcoma.
Approximate bound energies of selected diatomic molecules by solving Schrodinger equation case of the modified Kratzer plus Hulthen potential
Authors: Reggab Khalid 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The equation of Schrodinger is a fundamental mathematical framework used to clarify the motion of the wave form, which is a phenomenon in the field of quantum physics. A method's wave function contains the complete description of its particles. The computational solution of the Schrodinger problem is a multifaceted problem. The eigenvalues and typical functions of the modified Kratzer plus Hulthen potential were ascertained analytically in this study. This study used an estimating approach that Nikiforov-Uvarov functional analysis had suggested for dealing with the problem. Estimating energy spectra and applying the results to certain specific diatomic molecules was the aim. The excellent results obtained from this strategy were confirmed by comparing our eigenvalue data with additional numerical data that was gathered by other researchers.
Analysis on Mathematical inventory control policy models for deteriorating products with various costs by using exponential function
Authors: Ramesh P , Maheswari V. , Balaji V 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we estimate the control policies for deteriorating products with various costs by using exponential function. Deteriorating inventory models with exponential function of various costs with shortage are developed. Shortages are acceptable in a production process that is operating well. The fully backlogged portion balances this. Due to varying exponential costs, deterioration rate is also changeable with time function. Demand items are considered as a constant, which can be obeyed in the exponential function of various costs. We develop the stock keeping cost function as exponential with varying time. Based on these deductions, a mathematical model has been developed and solved numerically. Using the help of numerical analysis we obtain optimum order quantity for each cycle.
AMS classification: 90805, 90B06.
The Effects of E-beam Sterilization on Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) Mechanical, Material and Thermal Properties
Authors: Namsaraeva Olga , Selvaduray Guna , Schneider Yanika , Holder Zachariah , Wagner David , Barker Mark , Nichols Larry , Bridgford Keith , Macdonald Jim , Erogbogbo Folarin , Simon Melinda 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In this work, the effects of E-beam sterilization on the mechanical, chemical and thermal properties of poly(L-lactic acid), or PLLA, were evaluated. In addition to quantifying the effects of radiationdose, the impact of a cold storage factor called dwell was also evaluated. High molecular weight medical-grade PLLA (PL38) was injection-molded, packaged under a nitrogen atmosphere and kept in a freezer. Three levels of radiation dosage were tested: 30 kGy, 50 kGy and 80 kGy. For the dwell condition, the total dose was delivered to the samples as a set of two consecutive split doses, delivered 24 hours apart. Both Mnand Mwdecreased significantly after irradiation as determined by gel permeation chromatography. Thermogravimetric analysis data showed an increase in the thermal stability of the material after irradiation despite decreases in molecular weight, indicating that PLLA was undergoing cross-linking. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed a statistically significant increase in crystallinity as a function of both dwell and increasing radiation dose. Tensile strength was preserved at the 30 kGy dose level (compared to unirradiated samples), and changes in the elastic modulus between sample conditions were not statistically significant. Statistically significant decreases were seen in percent elongation at break of the material, and were attributed to the increases in crystallinity. While increases in crystallinity present challenges associated with decreased material toughness, this work supports the potential of E-beam irradiation as a sterilization treatment for high molecular weight PLLA.
Uptake of COVID-19 vaccination and associated factors among patients attending oncology services in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: A mixed design methods’ trajectories
Authors: Makoko David , Kapesa Anthony R. , Mugerwa Micheal , Ngoma Mamsau , Mseti Mark , Lyimo Mary , Kisaka Lucy , Kapologwe Ntuli A. , Seni Jeremiah 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 vaccination campaigns have reduced diseases severity and fatalities around the globe. Global data shows 67.7% of the general population are vaccinated, and Tanzania is reported to have over 70% coverage among individuals more than 18 years of age. However, group-specific assessment of the vaccination coverage is needed in sub-Saharan Africa, and cancer patients constitute a special priority group owing to the vulnerability attributable to this group.
Methods
A cross-sectional study design was conducted in September 2022 at Ocean Road Cancer Institute (ORCI) in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. A stratified sampling technique was used for quantitative data collection involving 479 cancer patients, and convenience sampling was applied for qualitative data collection involving 26 patients. Data were analysed using the statistical software ‘R’ by logistic regression analysis to determine association between socio-demographic, clinical and health belief model (HBM) variables against COVID-19 vaccine uptake among cancer patients.
Results
A total of 384 (80.2%) participants were female with a mean age (± standard deviation) of 48 ± 12.4 years; ranging from 18 to 83 years. Approximately 58.2% (278/479) of the participants reported to be vaccinated against COVID-19, and among them 79.5% were females. Having secondary school education or higher education (OR 2.26, CI 1.20–4.27 p = 0.011), perception on COVID-19 vaccine (OR 8.86, CI 2.84–32.2, p < 0.001) and perceived severity of COVID-19 (OR 0.56, CI 0.36–0.87, p = 0.010) were significantly associated with vaccine uptake. In the qualitative part, the findings suggest that individuals’ beliefs, perceptions, and external factors play a role in their decision to get vaccinated.
Conclusions
Approximately 6 out of 10 cancer patients at the ORCI reported to be vaccinated; with patients’ higher education status, perception on COVID-19 vaccine, and perceived severity being significantly associated with COVID-19 vaccination uptake. Public health interventions should leverage these identified factors to promote vaccine uptake through tailoring communication efforts to specific characteristics.
An improved software program for finding the series and parallel resistances of the photovoltaic cell single diode equivalent circuit model based on the Newton-Raphson method
Authors: Adak Suleyman , Arifoglu Ugur , Cangi Hasan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The search for high efficiency and accurate modeling in the analysis of photovoltaic (PV) cells has necessitated the development of special software programs. This software focuses on determining series and parallel resistances in the equivalent circuit of photovoltaic cells. Accurate modeling of these resistors is of great importance to understand and optimize the performance of PV cells under different operating conditions. Software programs use advanced algorithms and simulation techniques to extract and measure the series and parallel resistances associated with the equivalent circuit of the PV cell. It provides a comprehensive and realistic representation of cell behavior, taking into account factors such as temperature changes, irradiance levels and material properties. Researchers and engineers can use this software program to analyze the impact of series and parallel resistances on the overall performance of PV cells, making the analysis of solar panels easier. This software program can contribute to ongoing efforts in improving the accuracy of PV cell modeling and analyzing the efficiency of solar energy conversion systems. Newton-Raphson, Genetic Algorithms, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) etc. are used to predict and analyze the series and parallel resistances in the PV cell single diode equivalent circuit. In this study, the Newton-Raphson method was used in the analysis process. The software program prepared in MATLAB and given in Appendix –A- was used to find the PV cell equivalent circuit series and parallel resistances.
Association between pregnancy wantedness and utilization of maternal health services by adolescent girls and young women at their first live birth in Uganda: Analysis of the 2011 and 2016 Demographic and Health Surveys
Authors: Akulume Martha , Waiswa Peter , Beňová Lenka , Nakafeero Mary , Zaake Daniel , Wasswa Ronald , Amongin Dinah 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Unwanted and mistimed pregnancies are postulated to affect the utilization of maternal health services particularly among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). We investigated the association between pregnancy wantedness and utilization of maternal health services by AGYW in Uganda.
Methods: We analyzed data from the 2011 and 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Surveys among women whose most recent live birth in each survey’s 5-year recall period was their first birth and who were ≤ 24 years old at the time of their first birth. The outcome variables for this study included utilization of antenatal care (ANC) (categorized as “optimal” if ≥ 4 visits or “poor” if < 4 visits), health facility delivery (yes/no), utilization of postnatal care (PNC) (yes/no), and utilization of the continuum of all three maternal health services (fully utilized and partially utilized). The main independent variable was pregnancy wantedness, categorized as wanted at the time of conception versus unwanted (wanted later or not wanted at all). Data were analyzed using STATA 14. We performed descriptive analysis and logistic regression (bivariate and multivariable) for each survey separately.
Results: We included a total of 741 (in 2011) and 1,828 (in 2016) AGYW (10 to 24 years at the time of their first live birth). The percentage of them that said their first pregnancy was unwanted was 42.0% in 2011 and 45.9% in 2016. In 2011, AGYW with unwanted pregnancies were less likely to utilize optimal ANC compared to those who wanted their pregnancies (AOR=0.64, 95%CI=0.43-0.96). Additionally, pregnancy wantedness was associated with utilization of the continuum of maternal health services in 2011 (AOR = 0.63, CI = 0.40 - 0.99). In 2016, pregnancy wantedness was not significantly associated with ANC utilization (AOR 0.93, CI = 0.73 - 1.17). There was no association between pregnancy wantedness and delivery in a health facility or utilization of PNC in both surveys (p-value >0.05).
Conclusion: Our results showed that although pregnancy wantedness was associated with utilization of ANC and the continuum of maternal health services in 2011. However, in 2016, pregnancy wantedness was not associated with the utilization of any maternal health services.
First Report of a New Species Hyalopsora erlangensis Causing Rust Disease on Cystopteris chinensis in China
Authors: Yu An , Zhao Xia , Chen Xiaohong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A newly discovered rust fungus poses a significant threat to the survival and reproduction of the endangered plant Cystopteris chinensis in a forest in western Sichuan province, China. This study utilized both morphological analysis and molecular phylogenetic approaches to classify this fungal taxon. Artificial inoculation experiments, which involved sampling uredia from the field, were conducted to fulfill Koch’s postulates. Our results designate this rust fungus as a novel species within the Pucciniastraceae family, named Hyalopsora erlangensis A. Yu & X.H. Chen. Morphological feature, including hyaline peridia cells, yellowish urediospores, dark brown amphidspores with three germ pores, and pigmental cytoplasma, differentiate this species from others in the genera Milesina, Uredinopsis, and Pucciniastrum. Phylogenetic analysis, based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences and 28S rDNA gene fragments, further confirms its distinctiveness from other Hyalopsora species, supported by high Maximum Parsimony (MP), Maximum Likelihood (ML), and Bayesian Inference (BI) bootstrap values. Artificial inoculation of both field-collected and tissue-cultured seedlings verified this fungus as the causing agent of C. chinensis rust disease, indicating a broad host range within the Cystoperis genus. Our research not only identifies the pathogen but also offers fundamental insights for the future management and conservation of this endangered fern, aiming to mitigate the impact of this devastating rust.
On weak convergence of quantile-based empirical likelihood process for ROC curves
Authors: Jiang Hu , Liu Yiming , Wang Zhou 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The empirical likelihood (EL) method possesses desirable qualities such as automatically determining confidence regions and circumventing the need for variance estimation. As an extension, a quantile-based EL (QEL) method is considered, which results in a simpler form. In this paper, we delve into the framework of the QEL method. Firstly, we explore the weak convergence of the-2 log empirical likelihood ratio for ROC curves. We also introduce a novel statistic for testing the entire ROC curve and the equality of two distributions. To validate our approach, we conduct simulation studies and analyze real data from hepatitis C patients, comparing our method with existing ones.
Chemical recycling of PET waste and utilization of recycled product for synthesis of hybrid unsaturated polyester – urethane coatings
Authors: Jamdar Vandana , Kathalewar Mukesh , Sane Devesh , Sabnis Anagha 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Chemical recycling of Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste has gained importance in last few decades due to its dramatic consumption through its variety of applications. This study employed conventional heating-mediated glycolysis of PET waste with excess ethylene glycol, catalyzed by zinc acetate, to achieve the monomeric product bis(2-hydroxyethyl terephthalate) (BHET). Further ,three different hybrid unsaturated polyester urethane resins were synthesized using recycled product BHET, urethane diol which was synthesized using non isocyanate route of urethane synthesis, maleic anhydride and varying concentration of dimer fatty acid, citric acid and phthalic anhydride. These synthesized novel resins, Hybrid Unsaturated polyester – urethane possessed the unsaturated ester as well as urethane linkages in their polymer backbone. Comprehensive characterization of the synthesized hybrid resins and monomeric urethane diol was performed using established techniques. This included determination of hydroxyl value, iodine value, and molecular weight via Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC). Additionally, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and ¹H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed for structural elucidation. Subsequently, the formulated hybrid polyester urethane resins were cured at room temperature using a styrene monomer, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) initiator, and cobalt salt accelerator. A rigorous evaluation of the cured coatings was conducted to determine their optical properties, mechanical performance, and chemical resistance. These properties are crucial for understanding the films' potential applications Finally, thermal behavior was investigated using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA).