bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of main taxoids in Taxus species by microwave‐assisted extraction combined with LC‐MS/MS analysis
Authors: Luo Hao , Nie Ying‐Kun , Fu Yu‐Jie , Zu Yuan‐Gang , Li Shuang‐Ming , Liu Wei , Zhang Lin , Luo Meng , Kong Yu , Li Zheng‐Nan 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA method based on microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE) has been developed for the determination of paclitaxel and five related taxoids, namely 10‐deacetylbaccatin III (10‐DAB III), cephalomannine, 10‐deacetylpaclitaxel (10‐DAT), 7‐xyl‐10‐ deacetylpaclitaxel (7‐xyl‐10‐DAT), and 7‐epi‐10‐deacetylpaclitaxel (7‐epi‐10‐DAT) in Taxus species in this study. The influential parameters of the MAE procedure were optimized, and the optimal conditions were as follows: extraction solvent 80% ethanol solution, solid/liquid ratio 1:10 (g/mL), temperature 50°C, and three extraction cycles, each cycle 10 min. The method validation for LC‐MS/MS analysis was performed. The LOD and LOQ were 3.16–9.20 and 12.20–30.45 ng/mL, respectively. Repeatability and reproducibility for the six taxiods with RSD ranged from 2.78 to 3.85% and from 5.26 to 6.60%. The recoveries of the method for the six taxoids were 92.6–105.6%. The developed MAE‐LC‐MS/MS method was also successfully applied to determine the contents of six taxoids in different Taxus species.
Posttraumatic stress symptoms as a mediator between sexual assault and adverse health outcomes in undergraduate women
Authors: Eadie Erin M. , Runtz Marsha G. , Spencer‐Rodgers Julie 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThis study investigated the links between sexual assault experiences, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and adverse physical health outcomes among undergraduate women. Existing research has demonstrated that posttraumatic stress disorder mediates the relationship between trauma exposure and physical health in general, but this has yet to be tested for sexual assault specifically. Using structural equation modeling, support was found for a model in which posttraumatic stress symptom severity partially mediates the association between sexual assault severity and self‐reported health outcomes. An alternative model using depression symptoms did not meet the criteria for mediation. Implications for the physical health of sexual assault survivors are discussed.
Self‐compassion and PTSD symptom severity
Authors: Thompson Brian L. , Waltz Jennifer 
Published: December 2008

AbstractNeff's (2003a, 2003b) notion of self‐compassion emphasizes kindness towards one's self, a feeling of connectedness with others, and mindful awareness of distressing experiences. Because exposure to trauma and subsequent posttraumatic stress symptoms (PSS) may be associated with self‐criticism and avoidance of internal experiences, the authors examined the relationship between self‐compassion and PSS. Out of a sample of 210 university students, 100 endorsed experiencing a Criterion A trauma. Avoidance symptoms significantly correlated with self‐compassion, but reexperiencing and hyperarousal did not. Individuals high in self‐compassion may engage in less avoidance strategies following trauma exposure, allowing for a natural exposure process.
Unprecedented, Low Cytotoxicity of Spongelike Calcium Phosphate/Poly(ethylene imine) Hydrogel Composites
Authors: Shkilnyy Andriy , Gräf Ralph , Hiebl Bernhard , Neffe Axel T. , Friedrich Alwin , Hartmann Jürgen , Taubert Andreas 
Published: December 2008

AbstractCovalently crosslinked PEI hydrogels are efficient templates for calcium phosphate mineralization in SBF. In contrast to the PEI hydrogels, non‐crosslinked PEI does not lead to calcium phosphate nucleation and growth in SBF. The precipitate is a mixture of brushite and hydroxyapatite. The PEI/calcium phosphate composite material exhibits a sponge like morphology and a chemical composition that is interesting for implants. Cytotoxicity tests using Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae show that both the non‐mineralized and mineralized hydrogels have a very low cytotoxicity. This suggests that next generation PEI hydrogels, where also the degradation products are non‐toxic, could be interesting for biomedical applications.magnified image
Calderón–Zygmund operators with operator‐valued kernel on homogeneous Besov spaces
Authors: Kaiser Cornelia 
Published: December 2008

AbstractWe consider generalized Calderón–Zygmund operators whose kernel takes values in the space of all continuous linear operators between two Banach spaces. In the spirit of the T (1) theorem of David and Journé we prove boundedness results for such operators on vector‐valued Besov spaces. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
BV‐extension of rate independent operators
Authors: Recupero Vincenzo 
Published: December 2008

AbstractRate independent operators naturally arise in the mathematical analysis of hysteresis. Among rate independent operators, the locally monotone ones are those better suited for the study of PDE's with hysteresis. We prove that a rate independent operator R:Lip(0,T) →BV(0,T) ∩C(0,T) which is locally monotone and continuous with respect to the strict topology ofBVadmits a unique continuous extension R̃:BV(0,T) →BV(0,T). This general result applies to several concrete hysteresis operators. For many of these operators the existence of a continuous extension was previously known at most to the spaceBV(0,T) ∩C(0,T). (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Geometric analysis on H ‐type groups related to division algebras
Authors: Calin Ovidiu , Chang Der‐Chen , Markina Irina 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe present article applies the method of Geometric Analysis to the study H ‐type groups satisfying the J2 condition and finishes the series of works describing the Heisenberg group and the quaternion H ‐type group. The latter class of H ‐type groups satisfying the J2 condition is related to the octonions. The relations between the group structure and the boundary of the corresponding Siegel upper half space are given. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Flat wavelet bases adapted to the homogeneous Sobolev spaces
Authors: Vedel Béatrice 
Published: December 2008

AbstractWe present a construction of “flat wavelet bases” adapted to the homogeneous Sobolev spaces Ḣs (ℝn ). They solve the problem of the phenomenon of infrared divergence which appears for usual wavelet expansions in Ḣs (ℝn ): these bases remove the divergence in the case s – n /2 ∉ ℕ since they are also bases of the realization of Ḣs (ℝn ). In the critical case s – n /2 ∈ ℕ, they provide a confinement of the divergence in a “small” space. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Synthesis and Ring Opening Polymerization of a New Functional Lactone, α‐Iodo‐ε‐caprolactone: A Novel Route to Functionalized Aliphatic Polyesters
Authors: Habnouni Sarah El , Darcos Vincent , Coudane Jean 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA new functional lactone, α‐iodo‐ε‐caprolactone (αIεCL), was synthesized from ε‐caprolactone by anionic activation using a non‐nucleophilic strong base (lithium diisopropylamide) followed by an electrophilic substitution with iodine chloride. Ring‐opening (co)polymerizations of the resulting monomer with ε‐caprolactone were carried out using tin 2‐ethylhexanoate as a catalyst in toluene at 100 °C. Homopolymerization of αIεCL was achieved, and poly(αIεCL) was fully characterized by SEC, 1H NMR and elemental analysis. Random copolymerizations of αIεCL with εCL were controlled with experimental molecular weights close to the theoretical values, narrow molecular weight distributions and a good agreement between experimental and theoretical molar compositions of αIεCL.magnified image
Modular Synthesis of Thermosensitive P(NIPAAm‐co‐HEMA)/β‐CD Based Hydrogels via Click Chemistry
Authors: Xu Xiao‐Ding , Chen Chang‐Sheng , Lu Bo , Wang Zong‐Chun , Cheng Si‐Xue , Zhang Xian‐Zheng , Zhuo Ren‐Xi 
Published: December 2008

AbstractTwo kinds of representative polymers, poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) and β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) were selected and modified with azide and alkyne fucntional groups, respectively. When the solutions of these two modified polymers were mixed together, a cross‐linking reaction, a type of Huisgen's 1,3‐dipolar azide‐alkyne cycloaddition, occurred in the presence of Cu(I) catalyst. The strategy described here provides several advantages for the hydrogel formation including mild reaction conditions and controllable gelation rate. The resulted hydrogels were studied in terms of scanning electric microscopy (SEM), equilibrium swelling ratio and swelling/shrinking kinetics. The data obtained demonstrated the hydrogels had a porous structure as well as favorable thermosensitivity.magnified image
Design of dual‐band antenna with U‐shaped open stub for WLAN/UWB applications
Authors: Lee Jung N. , Kim Ji H. , Park Jong K. , Kim Jin S. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractIn this article, we have proposed a dual‐band antenna with U‐shaped open stub for wideband local area network (WLAN)/ultra wideband (UWB) applications. The designed dual‐band antenna consists of two semicircle radiating patches, a rectangular slot separating the two semicircles, one step for impedance matching, and coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeding. Two kinds of prototypes (CPW‐fed UWB antenna and the dual‐band antenna with U‐shaped open stub) are fabricated and measured. Parametric studies and radiation characteristics for the two antennas are presented. The designed antenna has the figure‐of‐eight radiation pattern, wide bandwidth, and negligible dispersion over the operating frequency band. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 284–289, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24033
Technique for reducing surface wave at an air/left‐handed medium (LHM) interface or excitation of the forward wave in an LHM
Authors: Boutayeb Halim , Wu Ke , Mahdjoubi Kouroch 
Published: December 2008

AbstractIn this article, we analyze the illumination by an electromagnetic wave of an air/left‐handed medium (LHM) interface. It is shown that by placing a periodic structure of resistors near the LHM it is possible to suppress or to reduce the surface wave that is present at the interface. For our demonstration, we consider a semi‐infinite lossless left‐handed medium having the same constitutive parameters as those of air but with opposite signs. Numerical results, obtained by using a full‐wave time domain technique, are presented to validate our approach and the proposed scheme. This work can extend the potential applications of left‐handed materials, because it shows that it is possible to use LHM slabs having large width. In addition, this work shows that it is possible to excite the forward wave of an LHM instead of the backward wave. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 280–284, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24036
Approximating the eigenvalues of planar isosceles triangular patch resonators using Galerkin's method
Authors: Kelly James R. , Seager Rob D. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractIn this article, Galerkin's method is used to obtain approximate eigenvalues for several isosceles triangles. Validation is achieved by comparison with results obtained using FEMLAB and via full‐wave electromagnetic computer simulation. The Galerkin method is accurate and relatively easy to code. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 306–311, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24039
An UWB spirally ridged antenna for high directive CP radiations
Authors: Chou Hsi‐Tseng , Kuo Li‐Ruei 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA broadband antenna designed to radiate high directive circularly polarized radiations is presented. This design utilizes spiral arms to achieve a broad frequency bandwidth and radiates circularly polarized fields. To enhance the directivity, the spiral arms are axially elevated to have a radiation beamwidth narrower than that radiated from an analogous spiral antenna in the upward direction. This antenna is suitable for many microwave applications. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 303–305, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24040
Finite element modeling of electrode mass loading effects in longitudinal leaky SAW resonators
Authors: Klymyshyn David M. , Kannan Thirumalai , Kachayev Anton 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA finite element (FE) model is developed for investigating effects of metal electrode mass loading in longitudinal leaky surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators on YZ‐LiNbO3. Variation of resonator admittance with electrode height and electrode metallization ratio is observed. FE modeling is promising for the prediction and optimization of LLSAW performance, especially sensitive to electrode mass loading effects. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 390–395, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24042
Characterization of the polarization in the spun fibers
Authors: Cherbi L. , Azrar A. , Mehenni M. , Aksas R. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe polarization mode dispersion (PMD) is a difficult phenomenon to compensate in the optical fiber. Its reduction can be achieved by the spinning process that provokes the rotation of the birefringence axes of the fiber inciting a coupling of its modes that is controlled at the time of its manufacture. In this work, the Jones Matrix Eigen‐Analysis method (JME) is used to characterize the spun fibers to evaluate their PMD and to prove that it is distinctly lower than the standards fibers PMD. Furthermore, the differential group delays (DGD) of spun fibers is determined using the photon counting optical time‐domain reflectometry (C‐OTDR) method. The obtained results are compared with those found in the JME method. It is noted that the two methods yield practically identical values. The determination of the beat length and the spin period of spun fibers are carried out using the polarization‐sensitive optical frequency‐domain reflectometer (POFDR). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 341–347, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24045
Wideband‐integrated planar inverted‐F antenna with meander line structures
Authors: Li Mei , Xue Quan , Che Wenquan 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAn improved wideband planar inverted‐F antenna (PIFA) is investigated in this work. The meander line structure is introduced into the conventional PIFA and significant bandwidth improvement can be observed. Two improved PIFA antennas with different meander line structures are designed and fabricated; the measured results show good agreement with the simulations, demonstrating 23.1 and 40% bandwidth at −10 dB return loss, about 131 and 300% bandwidth enhancement, respectively, compared with the original PIFA (less than 10%). Obviously, the proposed antenna demonstrates good performances (especially in bandwidth), compact size, low profile, and low cost; it is thus expected to find possible applications in wireless communication systems. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 384–387, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24046
Seven‐band folded‐loop chip antenna for WWAN/WLAN/WiMAX operation in the mobile phone
Authors: Hsu Ming‐Ren , Wong Kin‐Lu 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA chip antenna formed by using an FR4 chip base and a folded‐loop metal pattern embedded therein for internal mobile phone antenna application is presented. The folded‐loop metal pattern is embedded in two different layers inside the FR4 chip base to achieve a compact structure, and a coupling gap is introduced to successfully excite two wide operating bands at about 900 and 2000 MHz to cover GSM850/900/1800/1900/UMTS, 2.4‐GHz WLAN, and 2.5‐GHz WiMAX operations; that is, a seven‐band internal mobile phone antenna for covering WWAN/WLAN/WiMAX operation is obtained. The proposed chip antenna also occupies a small volume of 4 × 5 × 40 mm3 (0.8 cm3) and shows a low profile of 5 mm when mounted on the system circuit board of the mobile phone, making it suitable for thin mobile phone applications. The proposed chip antenna is studied and tested. The SAR effect of the antenna is also analyzed in the study. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 543–549, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24063
Dual‐band bandpass filter using defected ground structure
Authors: Mohan Akhilesh , Biswas Animesh 
Published: December 2008

AbstractDual‐band bandpass filters using defected ground structures (DGS) are presented in this letter. Dual‐band characteristics are obtained using the two resonant frequencies (modes) of a novel DGS. Two configurations of dual‐band bandpass filters are presented in this article. Both the filters are designed, fabricated, and measured. Measured results show good agreement with the simulated results. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 475–479, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24067
Differential Tx amplifier at 24 GHz in 0.13‐μm CMOS technology
Authors: Alexanian Angelos , Carrez Frederic 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA 24 GHz Tx output stage with driver was designed and fabricated in 0.13‐μm CMOS process. Load impedances were chosen for maximizing output power while limiting voltage swing for improved reliability. Measured small signal gain is 19 dB. Measured output power is 13.6 dBm (PAE 17.2%) at 13.4 dB large signal gain. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 532–536, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24074
Compact multiband slotted antenna for wireless communication applications
Authors: Lee Yi‐Chieh , Sun Jwo‐Shiun 
Published: December 2008

AbstractNew design of a compact antenna with slotted structure for multioperating bands of wireless communication systems is presented. By using compact configuration and slot designs on printed circuit board, the proposed antenna has the multiband measured operations for covering the 2.4‐GHz WLAN (2.4–2.484 GHz), the WiMAX (IEEE 802.16e in the Taiwan: 2.5–2.69/3.5–3.65 GHz), and the 5‐GHz WLAN (5.15–5.35/5.725–5.825 GHz) bands. Several properties of the proposed compact antenna for multiband operation such as impedance bandwidth, radiation pattern, and measured gain have been numerically and experimentally investigated. © 2008 Wiley Periodcals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 502–503, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24094
Regenerative multiwavelength conversion at 4 × 10‐GBit/S using a single SOA
Authors: Zhang Litai , Yu Jinlong , Hu Hao , Han Bingchen , Wang Wenrui , Jiang Yang , Yang Enze 
Published: December 2008

AbstractWe experimentally demonstrate a regenerative multiwavelength conversion (MWC) of an input 10‐Gbit/s RZ signal to four output copies by using a single semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and a tunable band pass filter (TBPF). Experiment results indicate that improvements in detected Q factor can be observed because of the compression of the input noise. Furthermore, as the probe light we used is a multiwavelength pulses‐train with the same frequency as the data signal, this configuration can realize 3R regenerative MWC without any change. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 466–469, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24095
High‐order accurate FDTD method based on split‐step scheme for solving Maxwell's equations
Authors: Chu Qing‐Xin , Kong Yong‐Dan 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA new split‐step finite difference time domain (SS‐FDTD) method with high‐order accuracy is presented, which is proven to be unconditionally stable and has four substeps. The numerical dispersion error and the numerical anisotropic error of the proposed method are reduced than the alternating direction implicit finite difference time domain method, the conventional SS‐FDTD method and the SS‐FDTD method based on the Strang‐splitting scheme. The proposed method has new splitting forms, which is different from the SS‐FDTD method based on the exponential evolution operator. At each time step, an important aspect is that the proposed method produces 33% reduction of the total number of arithmetic operators than the SS‐FDTD method based on the exponential evolution operator. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 562–565, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24100
Loss of surface EWI‐2 on CD9 null oocytes
Authors: He Zhi‐Yong , Gupta Surabhi , Myles Diana , Primakoff Paul 
Published: December 2008

AbstractCD9, a member of the tetraspanin family, associates with a variety of other proteins to form the tetraspanin web. CD9 forms direct and relatively stable associations with the immunoglobulin superfamily proteins EWI‐2 and EWI‐F. Deletion of the Cd9 gene results in female infertility since Cd9 null mice produce oocytes that fail to fuse. It is thought that the absence of CD9 causes the inability of the oocytes to fuse. In this study, we report that the expression level of EWI‐2 on the Cd9−/− oocyte surface is <10% of the wild‐type level. Hence, the severe reduction in EWI‐2 activity may be responsible for the loss of fusion ability. An entirely different mutant of CD9, not a deletion but a depalmitoylated construct, does not affect in vivo female fertility suggesting that the palmitate modification of CD9 is not essential for its putative fusion function. Additionally, the level of EWI‐2 on the surface of the oocytes from these females was comparable to the EWI‐2 level on wild‐type oocytes. We also found that soluble, recombinant EWI‐2 binds preferentially to acrosome‐reacted sperm but the bound EWI‐2 does not inhibit sperm–oocyte fusion. Overall, the results indicate that deletion of CD9, which is known to have multiple associations, may have pleiotropic effects on function that will require further dissection. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 76: 629–636, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Three‐dimensional element configurations for the discontinuous enrichment method for acoustics
Authors: Grosu Eran , Harari Isaac 
Published: December 2008

AbstractHexahedral and tetrahedral elements are proposed for the discontinuous enrichment method (DEM) for boundary‐value problems governed by the Helmholtz equation. A procedure for obtaining sets of approximately uniform spherical enrichment directions, with high flexibility in the choice of their number, is constructed. Conditioning considerations indicate preferred representations of the oscillatory basis functions. Dispersion properties are used to rate the performance of different element configurations. Numerical tests assess accuracy, indicating that high‐order DEM elements exhibit little dispersion. The dispersion and the numerical results are in a good agreement. The proposed configurations of DEM elements become more competitive as the number of enrichments and Lagrange multipliers is increased. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.