bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of traumatic injury characteristics in rural and urban adults living in Wisconsin
Authors: Kallies Kara J. , Koehne William J. , Tomas Carissa W. , Tarima Sergey , Beckman Marshall A. , Beyer Kirsten M. , Cassidy Laura 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeRural compared to urban populations have higher age‐adjusted injury mortality rates. We sought to describe differences in traumatic injury mechanisms, severity, and mortality in Wisconsin adults in rural and urban areas.MethodsState trauma registry data were analyzed for adult patients injured in 2021–2022. The Wisconsin Health Innovation Program's rural and urban classification scheme, consisting of urban advantaged, urban, urban underserved, rural advantaged, rural, and rural underserved groups, was used. Multivariable logistic regression models for in‐hospital injury mortality and prolonged length of stay (LOS) were developed.FindingsOverall, 47,460 patients were included; 14.3% in rural, 9.5% in rural advantaged, 4.1% in rural underserved areas, 35.4% in urban, 22.0% in urban advantaged, and 14.8% in urban underserved areas. Firearm and pedestrian injuries were more common in urban areas, and motor vehicle/transportation injuries were common in rural areas. Lower odds of prolonged LOS were observed in those residing in rural advantaged (OR = 0.70, 95%CI: 0.55–0.90; p = 0.004), rural (OR = 0.66, 95%CI: 0.53–0.82; p < 0.001), and rural underserved (OR = 0.64, 95%CI: 0.50–0.82; p < 0.001) compared to urban advantaged areas. Those in rural underserved areas had higher odds of in‐hospital mortality (OR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.15–1.91; p = 0.003) compared to urban advantaged areas.ConclusionsPatients in rural Wisconsin experienced different injury mechanisms than in urban areas. Those in urban areas were more likely to have a prolonged hospital LOS, but those in rural underserved areas had higher in‐hospital mortality. Rural populations may benefit from injury prevention specific to the mechanisms of injury in that area and resource allocation to enhance trauma services.
A Review of Processing Techniques and Rheological Properties of Yogurts
Authors: Le Ba Thong , Dam Mai Sao , Nguyen Lien Le Phuong , Baranyai László , Kaszab Tímea 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe rheology of yogurt, a critical factor influencing its texture, stability, and sensory appeal from production to consumption is explored in this review. Yogurt undergoes a transformation from a Newtonian liquid to a non‐Newtonian thixotropic gel during fermentation, a process shaped by factors such as milk source, starter culture, and fat content. Recent advances in non‐thermal treatments, such as ultrasound, microfiltration, high‐pressure processing (HPP), and ultraviolet C (UV‐C) light treatment, promise to enhance nutritional and sensory qualities of yogurt. Additionally, incorporating herbs and fruits into yogurt not only diversifies consumer options but also affects its texture, viscosity, and overall mouthfeel. The review examines how different yogurt styles—set, stirred, Greek, and drinkable—develop unique textures through varied production processes. Advances in rheological techniques and microstructural analysis have deepened our understanding of the interactions between proteins and fat globules, providing insights into the complex gel network of yogurt. Despite significant progress, further research is needed in areas such as non‐destructive rheological testing during production, the impact of extended storage, and the development of plant‐based yogurt alternatives. The insights are valuable for the dairy industry to support innovation and meet growing consumer demands.
Face evaluation: Findings, methods, and challenges
Authors: Todorov Alexander , Oh DongWon , Uddenberg Stefan , Albohn Daniel N. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractComplex evaluative judgments from facial appearance are made efficiently and are consequential. We review some of the most important findings and methods over the last two decades of research on face evaluation. Such evaluative judgments emerge early in development and show a surprising consistency over time and across cultures. Judgments of trustworthiness, in particular, are closely associated with general valence evaluation of faces and are grounded in resemblance to emotional expressions, signaling approach versus avoidance behaviors. Data‐driven computational models have been critical for the discovery of the configurations of features, including resemblance to emotional expressions, driving specific judgments. However, almost all models are based on judgments aggregated across individuals, essentially masking idiosyncratic differences in judgments. Yet, recent research shows that most of the meaningful variance of complex judgments such as trustworthiness is idiosyncratic: explained not by stimulus features, but by participants and participants by stimuli interactions. Hence, to understand complex judgments, we need to develop methods for building models of judgments of individual participants. We describe one such method, combining the strengths of well‐established methods with recent developments in machine learning.
Focused Review of Enhanced Recovery After Abdominal Trauma Surgery in the Pediatric Population and Development of a Pediatric Enhanced Recovery After Trauma Surgery Pathway
Authors: Moore Robert P. , Singh Niharika , Wang Madelyn , Tsivitis Alexandra , Devitt Catherine , Jin Zhaosheng , Al Bizri Ehab , Singh Sunitha M. , Hsieh Helen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundTraumatic injuries are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality amongst pediatric patients; improving outcomes after pediatric abdominal trauma surgery could be quite impactful. Although enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways have been successfully employed in adult trauma patients, there are few studies on pediatric enhanced recovery after abdominal trauma surgery and no consensus post trauma surgery guidelines for children.Aims/MethodsA systematic search of the existing literature for pediatric enhanced recovery after trauma surgery pathways was performed by two independent authors. However, no pediatric enhanced recovery after trauma surgery pathways were found. Therefore, we reviewed the pediatric and adult enhanced recovery after trauma surgery literature to identify potential impactful elements of care that could be part of a pediatric pathway.ResultsThe existing literature supports the incorporation of several elements into pediatric trauma ERAS pathway.ConclusionWe propose a pediatric enhanced recovery after trauma surgery pathway, which highlights several principles of ERAS pathways (multimodal analgesia, goal‐directed fluid therapy, early initiation of nutrition, timely administration of antibiotics, avoidance of hypothermia, DVT prophylaxis, the early removal of drains and indwelling catheters, and patient education).
Rooted in Communication: Exploring Auxin–Salicylic Acid Nexus in Root Growth and Development
Authors: Rawat Sanjay Singh , Laxmi Ashverya 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPlant hormones are pivotal in orchestrating diverse aspects of growth and developmental processes. Among various phytohormones, auxin and salicylic acid (SA) stand out as important regulators, often exerting opposing effects on overall plant growth. Essentially, research has indicated that auxin and SA‐mediated pathways exhibit mutual antagonism during pathogen challenge. Additionally, in recent years, significant advancements have been made in uncovering the molecular intricacies that govern the action and interplay between these two phytohormones during various essential growth‐related processes. In this discussion, we briefly delve into the genetic and molecular mechanisms involved in auxin and SA antagonism. We then analyse in detail how this dialogue impacts critical aspects of root development, with an emphasis on the transcriptional and protein regulatory networks. Finally, we propose the potential of exploring their interaction in various other aspects of below ground root growth processes. Understanding this relationship could provide valuable insights for optimizing and enhancing crop growth and yields.
Media amplification under the floodlight: Contextualizing 20 years of US risk news
Authors: Bryce Cormac , Dowling Michael , Long Suwan (Cheng) , Wardman Jamie K. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis paper addresses the question of identifying and distinguishing risk amplification incidents and patterns in the news media. To meet this objective, our study incorporates a novel “floodlight” approach utilizing the Society for Risk Analysis Glossary in conjunction with topic modeling and time‐series analysis, to investigate risk‐focused stories within a corpus of 271,854 US news articles over the past two decades. We find that risk amplification in the US news media is concentrated around seven core risk news categories—business, domestic affairs, entertainment, environment, geopolitics, health, and technology—which also vary in the risk‐related terms that they predominantly employ. We also identify 14 signal events that can be distinguished relative to general risk news within their categories. Across these events, the “War on Terror” and COVID‐19 are seen to display uniquely dynamic media reporting patterns, including a systemic influence between risk news categories and the attenuation of other risk news. We discuss possible explanations for these findings along with their wider research and policy implications.
Complex Band Structure for Subwavelength Evanescent Waves
Authors: De Bruijn Yannick , Hiltunen Erik Orvehed 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWe present the mathematical and numerical theory for evanescent waves in subwavelength bandgap materials. We begin in the one‐dimensional case, whereby fully explicit formulas for the complex band structure, in terms of the capacitance matrix, are available. As an example, we show that the gap functions can be used to accurately predict the decay rate of the interface mode of a photonic analogue of the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model. In two dimensions, we derive the bandgap Green's function and characterize the subwavelength gap functions via layer potential techniques. By generalizing existing lattice‐summation techniques, we illustrate our results numerically by computing the complex band structure in a variety of settings.
Dominic Welsh, 1938–2023
Authors: Grimmett Geoffrey R. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDominic Welsh was born in Port Talbot on 29 August 1938, the eldest child in a family of educators, and died in Oxford on 30 November 2023. He was the first student from his school to attend the University of Oxford, where he remained for the rest of his life as a Fellow of Merton College and a Professor of the University. He combined excellence as tutor and supervisor over nearly 40 years with a distinguished research record in probability and discrete mathematics, where he excelled in both original and expository work. With his DPhil supervisor John Hammersley, he introduced first‐passage percolation, and in so doing formulated and proved the first subadditive ergodic theorem. His is the ‘W’ in the ‘RSW’ method that is now central to the theory of random planar media. He was a pioneer in matroid theory with numerous significant results and conjectures, and his monograph has been influential. He worked on computational complexity and particularly the complexity of computing the Tutte polynomial. Throughout his career, he inspired generations of undergraduates and postgraduates, and through his personal enthusiasm and warmth he helped develop a community of scholars in aspects of combinatorics who remember him with love and respect.
A Note on the Temperature Rise in a Lubricating Fluid
Authors: Khonsari M. M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A potentially useful analytical solution for the prediction of the temperature rise in a lubricating film is presented. The method readily yields a mean temperature for evaluating the effective viscosity without the need for iterations. Application of this is simple but realistic analytical solutions for preliminary design consideration of thrust and journal bearings are presented with verification.
A Framework for the Simultaneous Multilevel Design Exploration and Decision Support of Material Structures and Manufacturing Processes
Authors: Digonta H M Dilshad Alam , Baby Mathew , Nellippallil Anand Balu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Traditional manufacturing, such as steel manufacturing, involves a series of processes to realize the final product. The properties and performance of the final product depend on the material processing history and the microstructure generated at each of the processes. Realizing target product performance requires the simultaneous design exploration of the material microstructure and processing, taking into account the multilevel interactions between the material, product, and manufacturing processes. This demands the capability to co-design, which involves sharing a ranged set of solutions through design exploration across multilevel and providing design decision support. In this paper, we present a co-design exploration framework for multilevel decision support. Using the framework, we model the interactions and couplings between the levels and facilitate simultaneous decision-based design exploration. The framework integrates the coupled compromise Decision Support Problem (c-cDSP) construct with interpretable Self-Organizing Maps (iSOM) to facilitate (i) the formulation of the multilevel decision support problems taking into account the interactions and couplings between levels, (ii) the simultaneous visualization and exploration of the multilevel design spaces, and (iii) decision-making across levels for multilevel designers. The efficacy of the framework is tested using a hot rod rolling problem focusing on the interactions between the dynamic and metadynamic phases of material recrystallization and the thermo-mechanical processing during the hot rolling process. The framework is generic and supports the co-design exploration of systems characterized by multilevel interactions, couplings, and multidisciplinary designers.
Treatment Order and Retention of Self-Myofascial Release and Static Stretching on Passive Hip Flexion Range of Motion
Authors: Long Blaine C. 
Published: February 2025

Context: Many healthcare professions incorporate foam rolling (FR) and static stretching (SS) to improve tissue extensibility. Currently, it is unknown if the order an individual performs FR and SS influences flexibility or whether flexibility is retained. This study aimed to determine if FR before, or, following SS influences passive hip flexion range of motion (ROM), and if changes are retained. Design: Between-group experimental design. Methods: Thirty-five participants with less than 90° of passive hip flexion ROM volunteered. Over 8 days, 6 days separated by 24 hours, and then 1 week (day 7) and 2 weeks (day 8) following the last treatment, ROM was measured before and following 1 of 5 treatments; FR/SS, SS/FR, SS, FR, or nothing (control). Participants laid supine on a table where a bubble inclinometer was placed on the tibia of the dominant leg with the hip passively flexed to establish pretreatment ROM. Participants then received the treatments. Passive hip flexion ROM was assessed from pretreatment on day 1 to posttreatment on day 6, day 7 (1 wk), and day 8 (2 wk). Results: Passive hip flexion ROM increased for those receiving FR/SS, SS/FR, FR, and SS. ROM with FR and SS/FR was retained at day 7 but not day 8. Hip flexion ROM for FR/SS and SS were not retained at day 7 nor 8. SS/FR resulted in greater ROM than FR on day 6. SS/FR, FR/SS, SS, and FR were greater than the control at day 6. SS/FR was also greater than the control on days 7 and 8. Conclusion: This study revealed that FR the hamstring muscles after SS produces the greatest gains in passive hip flexion and would be appropriate in noninjured patients with less than 90°.
Sequencing of a
Thermoanaerobacter kivui
isolate from DSMZ stock: major differences with reference assembly
Authors: Hocq Rémi , Thallinger Gerhard G. , Pflügl Stefan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Thermoanaerobacter kivui
DSM 2030 is an industrially relevant microbe, whose genome has been available since 2014. As the stock obtained from DSMZ appeared to be multiclonal, we obtained a complete genome sequence by
de novo
assembly of an isolate from the DSMZ stock and reported differences to the initial assembly.
Synthesis and Detecting Properties of New Linear and Macrocyclic O,O′-Aminobenzyl BINOL Derivatives
Authors: Sergeev A. D. , Yakushev A. A. , Malysheva A. S. , Averin A. D. , Beletskaya I. P. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A series of O-halobenzyl and O,O′-bis(halobenzyl) derivatives of (S)-1,1′-bi(2-naphthol) (BINOL) have been synthesized, and their amination in the presence of palladium and copper catalysts has been studied. As a result, a new family of macrocyclic and linear BINOL derivatives with various substituents at the oxygen atoms, including those possessing additional chiral centers, has been obtained. The synthesized compounds have been evaluated for their detecting properties toward metal cations by UV and fluorescence titration. Among the obtained open-chain derivatives, a potential fluorescent sensor for Al3+ cations has been found due to multiple emission enhancement. In addition, a fluorescent molecular probe for Hg2+ and Al3+ has been identified. Among the macrocyclic derivatives, the compound with the longest trioxadiamine linker can be used as a molecular probe for Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions due to fluorescence enhancement with a red shift, as well as for Al3+ and Hg2+ ions due to strong fluorescence enhancement without change of the position of the emission maximum.
Structured lactation support for mothers of very low birthweight preterm infants and establishment of human donor milk banks in German NICUs (Neo-MILK): protocol for a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation cluster-randomised controlled trial
Authors: Dymek Nicola Gabriela , Jaschke Julia , Stirner Anna Katharina , Schwab Isabella , Ohnhäuser Tim , Wiesen Daniel , Dresbach Till , Scholten Nadine , Köberlein-Neu Juliane 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundHuman milk, especially mother’s own milk (MOM), is vital for newborns and crucial for very low birthweight (VLBW, <1500 g) preterm infants, who face increased vulnerability. As the production of MOM may be impeded due to preterm birth, it is important to provide lactation support and establish human donor milk (HDM) banks to provide HDM when MOM is fully or initially absent. This protocol describes the design of a study evaluating the effectiveness, implementation and economic aspects of an intervention, which aims to ensure access to MOM or HDM for VLBW infants from the first day of life in German neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).Methods and analysisThe hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation cluster-randomised controlled trial, using a stepped-wedge design, will be conducted in 15 level I and level II NICUs across Germany over 26 months. VLBW infants and their mothers will receive either standard care or the Neo-MILK intervention according to the NICU’s group status. The primary outcome is the proportion of VLBW infants exclusively fed with MOM at NICU discharge. Secondary outcomes at infant level include feeding patterns, complications, length of stay and frequency of feeding with HDM. Maternal-level secondary outcomes cover lactation/breastfeeding decision and behaviour. A process evaluation and an economic analysis will accompany the study. The data set comprises survey and interview data and routinely collected data from medical records. Statistical analysis will be performed using generalised linear mixed models.Ethics and disseminationData collection, storage and analysis comply with current data protection regulations. This study has received ethical approval from the Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne and the local ethics committees of the participating NICUs. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and on the project website.Trial registration numberDRKS00025058.
An investigator-blinded, 24-month, parallel-group, non-inferiority study to compare aesthetic restorations in primary anterior teeth in a paediatric dental clinic: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Gimenez Thais , Sobral Ana Paula Taboada , Santos Elaine Marcilio , Gonçalves Marcela Letícia Leal , Ferri Elza Padilha , Gallo Juliana Maria Altavista Sagretti , Horliana Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini , Motta Lara Jansiski , Imparato José Carlos Pettorossi , Bussadori Sandra Kalil 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionChildren who suffer from severe caries in childhood may have negative impacts on the growth, development, nutritional problems and quality-of-life problems related to the oral health of the child and their family. There are no studies that have compared rehabilitative techniques of primary anterior teeth regarding patient-centred outcomes and even longevity of the restoration. Thus, this project aims to evaluate the effectiveness of restorative treatment of anterior primary teeth with monochromatic composite resin in single insertion through polyvinyl crowns, after selective removal of carious tissue compared with the effectiveness of conventional restoration.Methods and analysisThis study proposes to conduct a randomised clinical trial, composed of a sample of 194 deciduous central and lateral incisors with active cavitated lesions, simplified International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) C+ score (active and extensive stage caries: ICDAS 5 and 6), with involvement of more than two surfaces. This sample will be divided into two experimental groups, both with selective removal of carious tissue: a group in which conventional restoration will be performed using opaque resins, and another group with monochrome resin with chameleon effect and polyvinyl crowns. The explanatory variables—gender, age, toothbrushing, use of fluoridated toothpaste and dental floss, and socioeconomic status—will be collected through a questionnaire with open questions. The progression of caries lesions after 24 months of follow-up will be considered as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes will include tooth survival, longevity of restoration, quality of life, perception and satisfaction of the participants’ parents/guardians.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol has been approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (protocol number: 6.019.297. Approved 24 April 2023). Results will be submitted to international peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences.Trial registration numberNCT05875064.