bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Full-length transcriptome-referenced analysis reveals developmental and olfactory regulatory genes in Dermestes frischii
Authors: Hu Gengwang , Li Liangliang , Li Yifei , Shao Shipeng , Zhang Ruonan , Gao Yundi , Guo Yi , Wang Yinghui , Gu Zhiya , Wang Yu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Dermestes frischii Kugelann, 1792 is a storage pest worldwide, and is important for estimating the postmortem interval in forensic entomology. However, because of the lack of transcriptome and genome resources, population genetics and biological control studies on D. frischii have been hindered. Here, single-molecule real-time sequencing and next-generation sequencing were combined to generate the full-length transcriptome of the five developmental stages of D. frischii, namely egg, young larva, mature larva, pupa, and adult. A total of 41665 full-length non-chimeric sequences and 59385 non-redundant transcripts were generated, of which 42756 were annotated in public databases. By comparing the transcripts from adjacent developmental stages, 24376, 11802, 20726, and 13262 differentially expressed genes were identified, respectively. Using the weighted gene co-expression network analysis, gene co-expression modules related to the five developmental stages were constructed and screened, and the genes in these modules subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. The expression patterns of the DEGs related to olfaction and insect hormone biosynthesis were also explored. Transcription of most odorant binding proteins was up-regulated in the adult stage, suggesting they are important for foraging in adults. Many genes encoding for the ecdysone-inducible protein were up-regulated in the pupal stage. The results of the qRT-PCR were consistent with the RNA-seq results. This is the first full-length transcriptome sequencing of dermestids, and the data obtained here is vital for understanding the stage-specific development and olfactory system of D. frischii, providing valuable resources for storage pest and forensic research.
Validating the DIVERT Scales, CARS, and EARLI for Predicting Emergency Department Visits in Home Health Care in Japan: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ono Takao , Watase Hiroko , Ishihara Takuma , Watase Taketo , Kang Kiho , Iwata Mitsunaga 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
The Detection of Indicators and Vulnerabilities for Emergency Room Trips (DIVERT） scale, the Community Assessment Risk Screen (CARS), and the Emergency Admission Risk Likelihood Index (EARLI) are scales that assess the risk of emergency department (ED) visits among home health care patients. This study validated these scales and explored factors that could improve their predictive accuracy among Japanese home health care patients.
Methods
This was a single-center retrospective cohort study. The primary outcome of unplanned ED visits was used to assess the validity of the DIVERT scale, CARS, and EARLI. Additionally, we examined whether the addition of patient age and receipt of advanced care planning as variables on these assessments could enhance their precision.
Results
Of the 224 eligible patients, 40 (17.8%) had at least one ED visit during the 6-month study period. In these patients, the DIVERT scale was superior compared with CARS and EARLI (both p < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of the DIVERT scale, CARS, and EARLI were 0.62, 0.59, and 0.60, respectively. Adding patient age and receipt of advance care planning improved the AUC in all three scales.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that these assessment scales could be applicable to home health care patients in Japan. Furthermore, adding age and receipt of advanced care planning as variables was found to enhance the predictive accuracy of the scales.
A novel MOEMS gyroscope based on a two-dimensional photonic crystal array
Authors: Li Jinhui , Xia Dunzhu , Fu Bo , Yang Xiuhua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Currently, most MEMS (Micro-electromechanical systems) gyroscopes use capacitive detection solution to measure the displacement due to angular velocity for its simplicity. However, this method has many unavoidable errors which will decrease the gyroscopes’ precision, such as parasitic capacitance, electromagnetic interference. Recently, different optical detection structures are introduced into the structure of MEMS gyroscopes due to their great sensitivity and strong anti-interference capabilities, known as MOEMS (Micro-opto-electromechanical systems) gyroscopes. However, different forms of gyroscope structures have different modes of motion, and their integration with optical detection structures still presents significant challenges. In this paper, a x-axis gyroscope with a two-dimensional photonic crystal array optical detection structure is designed. A novel dual-decoupled coupling beams are incorporated and their decoupling ability is analyzed using simulation tools. Besides, a double-layer two-dimensional photonic crystal array is designed and its detection capability and anti-interference level are simulated and analyzed. Simulation results show that the dual-decoupled coupling beams can suppress perturbative forces in non-sensitive directions by 3.9 and 5.7 times, and the two-dimensional photonic crystal array has good in-plane consistency and high cross-coupling error suppression, capable of realizing 32 times coupling error suppression. Finally, the sensitivity of the designed prototype is verified by simulation to reach 21.2377 mV/(°/s). This demonstrates that the designed gyroscope has a large sensitivity while maintaining good anti-interference capability.
A copper-organic framework/Graphene modified electrode for sensitive electrochemical detection of bisphenol A
Authors: Zhang Lina , Ma Hainan , Sun Haolin , Zhang Xiaoyu , Sun Ruimeng , Zheng Haoran , Wang Han , Wang Yurou , Guo Jiayu , Liu Yanqi , Qi Yanfei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a substance that interferes with hormones, has faced extensive prohibition in the context of food packing and baby bottles. It is desirable to detect them in toxicity estimate, food and environmental monitoring. Herein, an electrochemical sensor for BPA was constructed based on copper-organic framework (Cu-MOF), CTAB and graphene (GN) as electrode modified materials. The modified composite, GN-Cu-MOF, was effectively synthesized and characterized by SEM, FT-IR, XPS, XRD, Zeta and Size. The successful integration of Cu-MOF, CTAB and GN synergistically improved the electron transport rate and accumulation efficiency for BPA, resulting in amplified signals in differential pulse voltammetry and large electroactive surface area (0.0310 cm2). The proportion linear response is from 0.100 μM to 800 μM with the detection limit of 35.0 nM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3). The sensitivity is 0.89 μA·μM-1 cm-2 in the concentration range of 25 - 800 μM and 8.87 μA·μM−1 cm-2 in the range of 0.1-10 μM. The developed sensor demonstrated stable and satisfactory recovery rates ranging from 96.56% to 103.88% when the determining BPA in various plastic samples, indicating its potential for real applications.
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and 2 Mutations Predicts Better Outcome in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: a study of the ALWP of the EBMT
Authors: Mohty Razan , Bazarbachi Abdul-Hamid , Labopin Myriam , Esteve Jordi , Kröger Nicolaus , CORNELISSEN Jan , Blaise Didier , Socie Gerard , Maury Sébastien , Ganser Arnold , Gedde-Dahl Tobias , Borne Peter von dem , Bourhis Jean , BULABOIS Claude-Eric , Yakoub-Agha Ibrahim , Pabst Caroline , Nguyen Stéphanie , Chevallier Patrice , Huynh Anne , Bazarbachi Ali , Nagler Arnon , Ciceri Fabio , Mohty Mohamad 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1 and IDH2) mutations have uncertain prognostic implications in AML. We investigate the impact IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in AML patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) in first complete remission (CR1). In total, 1515 adult patients were included, 15.91% (n = 241) carried IDH1 mutation (mIDH1), and 26.27% (n = 398) IDH2 mutation (mIDH2) and 57.82% (n = 876) had no-IDH mutation. NPM1 was frequently encountered with IDH1 mutation (no-IDH group, n = 217, 24.8%, mIDH1, n = 103, 42.7%, mIDH2, n = 111, 27.9%, p < 0.0001). At day 180, the cumulative incidence (CI) of grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was significantly lower in mIDH1 and mIDH2 compared to no-IDH groups (Hazard ratio [HR] = 0.66 (95%CI 0.47–0.91), p = 0.011; HR = 0.73 (95%CI 0.56–0.96), p = 0.025, respectively). In the mIDH1 group, overall survival (OS) was improved compared to no-IDH (HR = 0.68 (95%CI 0.48–0.94), p = 0.021), whereas mIDH2 was associated with lower incidence of relapse (HR = 0.49 (95%CI 0.34–0.7), p < 0.001), improved leukemia free survival (LFS) (HR = 0.7 (95%CI 0.55–0.9), p = 0.004) and OS (HR = 0.74 (95%CI 0.56–0.97), p = 0.027). In the subgroup of NPM1 wild type, only IDH2 was associated with improved outcomes. In conclusion, our data suggest that IDH1 and IDH2 mutations are associated with improved outcomes in patients with AML undergoing allo-HCT in CR1.
Effects of Xhosa Specific Solute Carrier Family 22-member 2 Haplotypes on the Cellular Uptake of Metformin and Cimetidine
Authors: Abrahams-October Zainonesa , Kippie Yunus , Pearce Keenau , Johnson Rabia , Benjeddou Mongi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Metformin remains the cornerstone for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although the mechanism in which this drug elicits its therapeutic effects is unknown, studies have shown that solute carrier transporters play an important role in the transport and distribution of metformin. Genetic variation(s) in solute carrier genes have been found to play an important role in the variation of metformin efficacy and disposition observed in populations. The aim of this study was to determine the cellular uptake efficiency of metformin in SLC22A2 coding haplotypes of an indigenous South African population.
Methods and Results
To determine metformin and cimetidine cellular uptake in transiently transfected HEK-293 cells, an ultra high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed and used to quantitate substrate concentration(s). Haplotypes 3 and 4 showed decreased metformin uptake, and haplotypes 2 and 5 displayed increased metformin uptake in comparison to haplotype 1 (i.e. wildtype haplotype). Haplotypes 2–5 showed decreased uptake of cimetidine in comparison to haplotype 1, implying a reduced sensitivity to the inhibition of cimetidine. In all haplotypes, no significant transport was observed for metformin and cimetidine. Spearman’s correlation analysis indicated a positive but non-significant correlation (rs = 0.60; p = 0.28) across haplotypes for the active uptake of metformin and cimetidine. Passive permeability of metformin is favoured in haplotypes 3 and 5, whilst the remaining haplotypes demonstrate higher passive permeability ratios in favour of cimetidine.
Conclusion
Haplotype 4, which is characterised by the non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms rs316019 and rs8177517, demonstrates potential impaired metformin transport.
Readiness To Manage Ebola Virus Disease Among Emergency Healthcare Workers in Uganda: A Nationwide Multicenter Survey
Authors: Olum Ronald , Ahaisibwe Bonaventure , Atuhairwe Irene , Balizzakiwa Thomas , Kizito Prisca , Apiyo Mirriam , Kalanzi Joseph , Nabawanuka Assumpta , Bahatungire Rony , Kerry Vanessa 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Emerging infectious diseases like the Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) pose significant global public health threats. Uganda has experienced multiple EVD outbreaks, the latest occurring in 2022. Frontline healthcare workers (HCWs) are at increased risk, yet there isn't sufficient evidence of existing knowledge of EVD of these health workers. We aimed to assess the readiness of Uganda's emergency healthcare workers to manage Ebola virus disease (EVD) and identify their training needs to inform targeted capacity-building interventions for future outbreaks.
Methods
This multicentre nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted from July to August 2023 among 691 HCWs providing emergency care in 14 secondary and tertiary hospitals across Uganda. Participants were consecutively recruited using the probability-proportional-to-size sampling technique, and data was collected using a self-reported questionnaire. Factors associated with EVD knowledge were identified through a mixed-effect linear model.
Results
Data from 691 eligible HCWs with a median age of 32 (IQR: 28–38) was analyzed (response rate: 92%). Only one-third (34.4%, n = 238) had received EVD training in the past year. The median EVD knowledge score was 77.4% (IQR: 71.2% − 83.4%). EVD knowledge was associated with longer professional experience in years (β: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.39, p = 0.024) and higher level of education: diploma (β: 3.37, 95% CI: 1.49 to 5.25, p < 0.001), undergraduate degree (β: 6.45, 95% CI: 4.11 to 8.79) and postgraduate degree (β: 7.13, 95% CI: 4.01 to 10.25, p < 0.001). Being a doctor (β: 2.55, 95% CI: 0.35 to 4.74, p = 0.023), providing care in the obstetrics/gynecology department (β: −1.90, 95% CI: −3.47 to − 0.32, p = 0.018), previous EVD training (β: 2.27, 95% CI: 0.96 to 3.59, p = 0.001) and accessing EVD information through social media (β: 2.52, 95% CI: 1.17 to 3.88, p < 0.001) were also significantly associated with EVD knowledge.
Conclusion
Our study reveals that Ugandan HCWs' EVD response readiness varies by individual factors and information sources. We recommend targeted training and suggest future research on educational innovations and social media's potential to fill knowledge gaps.
Static behaviour of 3D porous metal foam shells
Authors: Tharwan Mohammed Y. , Daikh Ahmed Amine , Assie Amr E. , Alnujaie Ali , Eltaher Mohamed A. , Abdraboh Azza M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Metal foams represent a groundbreaking generation of composite materials, distinguished by their high surface area-to-volume ratio and exceptional properties including porosity, lightweight construction, and heightened thermal conductivity, making them indispensable across industries such as thermal management, filtration, catalysis, and energy storage due to their remarkable versatility and performance capabilities. The study focuses on overcoming challenges in theoretical research related to the modelling of complex structures. It introduces a more accurate approach to model novel tri-directionally-coated porous structures with varying microstructures, incorporating intrinsic characteristic lengths and spatial variations in material properties. The study examines the static behaviour of multidirectional functionally graded porous metal foam shells, employing higher-order shear deformation theory and the principle of virtual work. The investigation utilizes the Galerkin method to address various boundary conditions. Two types of porous shells, categorized as Softcore (SC) and Hardcore (HC), are analyzed, with five distribution patterns: tri-directional (Type-A), two bidirectional (Type-B and Type-C), transverse unidirectional (Type-D), and axial unidirectional (Type-E).
Concept Design and Data-Reduction Algorithms for a 20-hole Omnidirectional Probing Sphere
Authors: Zhang Qian , An Guangfeng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Multi-hole pressure probe measurement method is the only way to measure velocity, static and total pressure at the same time in three-dimensional flows. This study presents the construction of a 20-hole omnidirectional pressure probe model with a high enough frequency response to measure an angular range that is really omnidirectional, while the measurement angle range of the pneumatic probe is limited. The probing sphere is suitable for both steady and unsteady three-dimensional flow measurement with a cutoff frequency of 2000Hz approximately. A data-reduction algorithm is developed for the 20-hole pressure probing sphere, which is based on interpolation method for conventional multi-hole probe by using maximal pressure zone detection technique, one set of well-behaved pressure coefficients are defined and presented. Then, the performance of the developed coefficients and data-reduction procedures is demonstrated. The standard deviations of the predicted errors are on the order of degree for the flow angles and for the velocity magnitude, which satisfies Gaussian distribution approximately.
Burden of invasive pneumococcal disease, non-invasive all-cause pneumonia, and acute otitis media in hospitalized US children: a retrospective multi-center study from 2015-2020
Authors: Mohanty Salini , Cossrow Nicole , White Meghan , Yu Kalvin C. , Ye Gang , Feemster Kristen A. , Gupta Vikas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background Despite effective pneumococcal vaccines, pneumococcal disease (PD) exerts a substantial burden on children. This study explored the clinical and economic burden of invasive PD (IPD), non-invasive all-cause pneumonia (ACP), and acute otitis media (AOM) in hospitalized children, including those with antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Methods Data from the BD Insights Research Database of hospitalized children (<18 years) in the US were analyzed retrospectively. The study cohort included patients with an ICD10 code for IPD, ACP, or AOM and/or a positive culture for S. pneumoniae. Descriptive statistics and multivariable analyses evaluated the following outcomes: length of stay [LOS], hospital cost per admission, hospital margin per admission [costs – payments], and in-hospital mortality.
Results The study included 4575 pediatric patients with IPD, ACP, or AOM admitted to 57 US hospitals from October 2015 to February 2020. Approximately half (50.7%) were under 2 years of age. The in-hospital mortality rate was 0.6% (n=28). The observed median (interquartile range) LOS was 4 (3, 5) days, cost per admission was $4,240 ($2,434, $8,311) US dollars, and hospital margin per admission was -$63 (‑$2,118, $2,025). Forty-one patients had S. pneumoniae-positive cultures and 56.1% of those cultures were resistant to ≥1 antibiotic class. Key variables associated with poor outcomes were having a moderate- or high-risk condition (chronic or immunocompromising), intensive care unit admission, and prior 90-day admission.
Conclusions IPD, ACP, and AOM are associated with substantial clinical and economic burden in hospitalized pediatric patients in the US. S. pneumoniae isolates also showed high rates of resistance to antibiotics. Our data indicate the need for ongoing prevention efforts including vaccination and antimicrobial stewardship programs.
Aconitine promotes myocardial damage in rats by activating JNK1/2 pathway
Authors: Hu Changdong , Huang Yongjie , Hu Wen , Yang Rongrong , Wu Haiying 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background Aconitine (Acon) poisoning can cause arrhythmia and myocardial damage, but the specific mechanism of myocardial damage caused by acon poisoning is still unclear. This study explored the mechanism of myocardial damage caused by acute acon poisoning by constructing a rat acuteacon poisoning model.
Methods First, the rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 9): control group, Acet group, Acon-1 mg group, and Acon-2 mg group (Detect 3 rats in each group at 1/2/3 h; 36 rats in total), When conducted the second part of the experiment to examine the role of the JNK pathway in acon poisoning, the rats were divided into 5 groups (n=3): control group, Acon-2 mg group, DMSO group, Acon-2 mg+SP600125 group, and Acon-2 mg+Anis group (15 rats in total). Rat model of acute acon poisoning was constructed by intragastric administration. Electrocardiogram tracings were used to record rat heart rhythm changes, and H&E staining Masson staining were performed to evaluate myocardial pathological damage and myocardial fibrosis. The expression levels of cardiac enzymes and cardiac proteins in venous blood were detected by ELISA Kits. The expression levels of JNK1 / 2 phosphorylation proteins were detected by Western blotting.
Results In this study, 1/3/6 hour after Acon-1mg and Acon-2mg was perfused to the rats, the electrocardiogram results showed that the rats in theAcon group (the Acon-1mg group and the Acon-2mg group) developed one or more ventricular arrhythmias. In myocardial tissue, the arrangement of myocardial fibers and myocardial cells is disordered, myocardial cells are swollen and degenerated, and the cytoplasm of myocardial fibers is rounded and vacuolated; myocardial collagen hyperplasia is abnormal, and myocardial fibrosis occurs. At the same time, the expression levels of cardiac enzymes and cardiac proteins in venous blood increased. In addition, JNK1/2 phosphorylation levels increased. Further study showed that use of a JNK inhibitor (SP600125) partially reversed Acon's damage to rat myocardium.
Conclusions Taken together, these results indicate that JNK1 / 2 phosphorylation is involved in the development of myocardial damage induced by acute Acon poisoning. In addition, the intervention effect of JNK specific inhibitor on myocardial damage induced by acute Acon poisoning was obvious, which may provide new insights into the important role of inhibiting the JNK1/2 pathway in alleviating myocardial damage caused by acute Acon intoxication.
GIS-based water inrush risk evaluation of the 10th coal seam floor in Zhuxianzhuang Coal Mine, northern Anhui Province, China
Authors: Jiang Qilin , Liu Qimeng , Chai Huichan , Hu Xianxiang 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

The problem of limestone karst water inrush from coal seam floors is becoming more and more prominent, and gradually becoming the focus of water control work in coal mines. Taking the floor of the 10th coal seam in the third mining area of Zhuxianzhuang Coal Mine as the research object, seven indicators were identified as the main controlling factors in three features – aquifer, water barrier, and geological structure. Subjective and objective weights were determined by the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weighting method, and vulnerability zoning evaluation was carried out based on the geographic information system using the vulnerability index method. The study area was classified into five zones based on the graded thresholds calculated by statistical analysis. The study shows that the area of Taiyuan Formation limestone karst water outburst gradually transitions from the safe zone to the vulnerable zone from the north to the east. This study has a certain guiding effect on the water inrush of Taiyuan Formation limestone karst from the floor of the 10th coal seam in the study area.