bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison between the GastroPanel test and the serum pepsinogen assay interpreted with the ABC method—A prospective study
Authors: Lee Sun‐Young , Ahn Yeon‐Sun , Moon Hee‐Won 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThis study aimed to validate Helicobacter pylori serological and pepsinogen (PG) assays for detecting infection and gastric neoplasm.MethodsIndividuals who underwent serum Chorus H. pylori and HBI PG assays were included from May to September 2023. The GastroPanel test was performed using the same blood sample. HBI assay findings were interpreted with the ABC method using the criteria of corpus atrophy (PG I ≤ 70 ng/mL & I/II ≤3) and advanced corpus atrophy (PG I ≤ 30 ng/mL & I/II ≤2).ResultsA total of 144 H. pylori‐infected and 184 non‐infected Koreans were analyzed. The Chorus test (sensitivity 97.2%, specificity 89.1%) showed higher area under the curve (0.993 vs. 0.972, p = 0.003) than the GastroPanel test (sensitivity 95.8%, specificity 86.4%). Using the GastroSoft application, the incidence of gastric neoplasms was highest in the corpus atrophy group (50%), followed by the low acid‐output (25.8%), H. pylori infection (11.6%), and antral atrophy (9.1%) groups. There were no gastric neoplasms in the normal and high acid output groups. Using the ABC method, the incidence of gastric neoplasms was highest in the corpus atrophy groups (23.8% in Groups C and D), followed by Group B (12.3%) and Group A (2.4%). Corpus atrophy interpreted with the GastroSoft showed poor agreement (k = 0.225) with corpus atrophy interpreted with the ABC method, whereas it showed excellent agreement (k = 0.854) with advanced corpus atrophy.ConclusionsAlthough the Chorus test was more accurate than the GastroPanel test, both assays discriminated high‐risk individuals by detecting atrophy or infection. There were no gastric neoplasms in the normal or high acid‐output groups (GastroSoft application), and gastric neoplasm incidence was lowest in Group A (ABC method). Corpus atrophy determined by GastroSoft application is more consistent with advanced corpus atrophy determined by the ABC method than is corpus atrophy.
Clinical, epidemiological, and therapeutic hallmarks of pyoderma gangrenosum: a case series of 35 patients
Authors: Caldarola Giacomo , Traini Daniele O. , Falco Gennaro M. , Chiricozzi Andrea , De Luca Eleonora , Mannino Maria , Pellegrino Luca , Peris Ketty , De Simone Clara 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundOver the past few decades, advances in medical research and diagnostic tools have shed light on some aspects of pyoderma gangrenosum (PG). Nevertheless, the multifactorial etiology, pathogenesis, and optimal management strategies for PG need to be further investigated.To address these knowledge gaps and contribute to a better understanding of this complex dermatological disorder, we collected epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of a case series of PG patients occurring in our department over the past 10 years.MethodsWe performed a single‐centered, retrospective, observational study analyzing all cases with a diagnosis of PG observed at the Dermatology clinic of the Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS Catholic University from January 1, 2013, to January 1, 2023. For each case, we retrieved demographic data, the presence of other skin and systemic conditions, and the histopathological and clinical characteristics of PG, such as clinical variant, number of lesions, disease localization, previous therapy, response to treatment, and occurrence of relapse.ResultsWe included 35 patients, 22 females and 13 males with a mean age of 40.0 years. Twenty patients (57.1%) had multiple localizations of disease, and the most commonly involved site was the lower limbs (85.7%). The lesions were mainly associated with inflammatory bowel diseases (51.4%) and hidradenitis suppurativa (37.1%). Clinical resolution with complete re‐epithelialization was achieved in 25 patients (71.4%) with an average time of 20.8 months. On average, patients who underwent therapy with biological drugs had better outcomes.ConclusionsPG is a severe, rare, and pleomorphic disease associated with a broad spectrum of conditions. Corticosteroids remain the primary first‐line approach for severe forms, but using biological immunosuppressants is promising.
Temperature‐responsive palm oil‐based‐oleogels for encapsulation of D‐limonene: effect of fat crystallisation and melting point
Authors: Liu Yanping , Zhou Wei , Gao Hongxia , Chen Mianhong , Li Ruyi , Dai Yaping , Zou Ying , Yuan Yuan , Zhang Chenghui , Li Jihua 
Published: February 2024

SummaryD‐limonene is an important flavouring ingredient with a wide range of applications. However, its high volatility and low stability have severely impacted its application in the food industry. To address these limitations, temperature‐flavour release control system is expected to be established to reduce the loss of D‐limonene during processing and storage, as well as to control its release by temperature. The aim of the current study is to construct an oleogel system to encapsulate D‐limonene using carnauba wax as a gelling agent and palm oils (POs) as the base oil. POs with 24 °C, 38 °C, 42 °C, 48 °C, and 52 °C melting points were selected to systematically investigate the effects of the base oil melting point on the crystal morphology, interactions, physicochemical properties, microstructure, and D‐limonene release of the oleogels. The enthalpy of melting, enthalpy of crystallisation, hardness, stickiness, and gel strength increased in oleogels prepared using POs with a higher melting point. In addition, the oil‐binding capacity (OBC) (>95%) of the oleogels increased with the base oil melting point, while the fat crystal distribution became more homogeneous and denser. Based on the influence that extraction temperature has on the concentration of released D‐limonene (a lower concentration of aroma was released from high‐melting‐point POs oleogels at low temperatures (<1.9 mg mL−1), whereas the control group released >2.5 mg mL−1), suitable POs can be selected to achieve the release or retention of the aroma. These results demonstrate that a temperature‐responsive flavour delivery system can be prepared with different PO melting points. The molecular dynamics of flavour release revealed that storage temperature and fat crystalline state impact the cumulative release rate of D‐limonene.
Using LAB‐fermented whey for developing bioactive edible films based on purple sweet potato flour/potato starch
Authors: Macías‐González Antonio , Hernández‐Carranza Paola , Ruiz‐López Irving Israel , Ochoa‐Velasco Carlos Enrique 
Published: February 2024

SummaryDuring edible film production, several processes are carried out to maintain the probiotic viability, increasing its cost. However, fermentation to culture probiotics that will be later used for edible film production may increase their resistance during production, application and storage. Therefore, this study aimed to develop edible films based on potato starch or sweet potato flour and non‐fermented or fermented (Lactobacillus rhamnosus) whey solution. Edible films were evaluated for their physical, probiotic survival, antioxidant capacity and structural characteristics after 28 days of storage (4 and 20 °C). Selected films were used for covering commercial surimi to evaluate their effect on some quality properties. The edible films presented a moisture content of 12.68–18.97%, colour characteristics according to the powder used in their formulation, and a probiotic count higher than 9‐log cycles. The fermentation process improved the stability of antioxidant compounds in edible films during storage and gastrointestinal simulation. According to the handling characteristics, edible films based on potato starch (100%) and potato starch/sweet potato (90/10% and 80/20%) were formulated and applied. Although the consumers well‐accepted covered surimi, the probiotic counts were lower than 6‐log after storage, values below the threshold required to exert its beneficial effects in humans.
Action of structural proteins in textural deterioration of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) fillets during refrigerated storage
Authors: Shen Jiandong , Zhong Bijiang , Xia Wenshui , Xu Yanshun 
Published: February 2024

SummaryTextural deterioration is a severe problem in fish industry. In order to study the role of structural proteins in refrigerated grass carp, myofibrillar proteins and collagen degradation were investigated at different stages. Results revealed that connective tissues of fish muscle disintegrated from day 1, failing to hold muscle myotomes together, with a decrease of shear force. Meanwhile, collagen solubility increased from day 1 and degradation of nebulin was observed after 3 days, while there was no obvious change in the bands of myosin heavy chain and actin. Furthermore, Pearson coefficient analysis revealed that insoluble collagen (ISC) and nebulin were significantly correlated with shear force. Negative correlation was established between drip loss and contributing factors (ISC, titin and nebulin). All results suggested that textural loss of post‐mortem grass carp fillets was mainly mediated by the degradation of collagen and to a lesser extent by myofibrillar proteins at the early storage.
Prevalence, identification and antimicrobial resistance ofListeria monocytogenesandListeriaspp. isolated from poultry and pork meat
Authors: Martinez‐Laorden Alba , Arraiz‐Fernandez Celia , Cantalejo M. Jesús , Gonzalez‐Fandos Elena 
Published: February 2024

SummaryThe aim of this work was to evaluate the prevalence ofListeria monocytogenesand otherListeriaspp. in chicken, duck, quail, turkey and pork meat, including the antibiotic resistance of isolated strains. A total of 184 meat samples were collected from different retailers in La Rioja (Spain). The presence ofListeriaspp. andL. monocytogeneswere detected in 24.46% and 10.32% of the meat samples respectively.L. monocytogeneswas the predominantListeriaspp. found in chicken, quail and pork meat, whileL. innocuaandL. welshimeriwere the predominant species in duck and turkey meat respectively. A total of thirty‐three strains (55.93%) ofListeriaspp. were found to be multi‐resistant (resistant to ≥3 families of antibiotics). The highest multi‐resistant rates were observed inL. monocytogenes(73.68%) and L. innocua(70.59%), followed byL. ivanovii(50%). Resistance to ampicillin and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole were found inL. monocytogenesstrains isolated from chicken, being of special concern, since these antibiotics are used in the treatment of listeriosis. Special measures should be taken to reduce meat contamination such as adequate handling, correct preparation (cooking) and cleaning and disinfection in order to avoid cross‐contamination.
Recent processing of peanut protein in food industry: a molecular structure perspective
Authors: Zhang Huayang , Xia Yunze , Li Wenhao , Ma Xia , Chen Liang , Wang Dianxuan , Qu Chenling 
Published: February 2024

SummaryPeanuts produce millions of tons of high‐protein peanut meal (after oil extraction) annually that can be used for food. Peanut protein, as a plant‐based protein, is a great alternative to animal protein to address protein deficiencies and rising health problems in the world. It has a high nutritional value, while the globular structure results in poor functional properties, limiting its application. Better functional properties can be obtained through processing and modification. This paper elaborates the nutritional and functional properties of peanut protein and highlights the application of peanut protein in food industry in recent years. Applications for peanut protein include meat and milk substitutes, edible films, nanoparticles, and some new technologies such as electrostatic spinning and three‐dimensional (3D) printing in recent years. This paper could improve people's understanding of the molecular structure of peanut protein and the physicochemical properties associated with the structure changes during processing. It could also contribute to better utilisation of peanut protein, providing more varieties of peanut protein products for the food industry.
The significance of G8 and other geriatric assessments in urologic cancer management: A comprehensive review
Authors: Yajima Shugo , Masuda Hitoshi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn urologic oncology, which often involves older patients, it is important to consider how to manage their care appropriately. Geriatric assessment (GA) is a method that can address the specific needs of older cancer patients. The GA encompasses various assessment domains, but these domains exhibit variations across the literature. Some of the common items include functional ability, nutrition, comorbidities, cognitive ability, psychosocial disorders, polypharmacy, social and financial support, falls/imbalance, and vision/hearing. Despite the diversity of domains, there is limited consensus on reliable measurement methods. This review discusses the role of GA in managing urologic cancer in unique scenarios, such as those necessitating temporary or permanent urinary catheters or stomas due to urinary diversion. A comprehensive GA is time and human‐resource‐intensive in real‐world clinical practice. Hence, simpler tools such as the Geriatric‐8 (G8), capable of identifying high‐risk patients requiring a detailed GA, are also under investigation in various contexts. Therefore, we conducted a systematic literature review on the G8. Our findings indicate that patients with low G8 scores encounter difficulties with stoma self‐care after urinary diversion and have higher risks of urinary tract infections and ileus after radical cystectomy. The utilization of G8 as a screening tool for urologic cancer patients may facilitate the delivery of appropriate and personalized treatment and care.
Tumour‐associated neutrophils: Potential therapeutic targets in pancreatic cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Wu Qihang , Mao Han , Jiang Zhengting , Tang Dong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly malignant tumour of the digestive system with poor therapeutic response and low survival rates. Immunotherapy has rapidly developed in recent years and has achieved significant outcomes in numerous malignant neoplasms. However, responses to immunotherapy in PC are rare, and the immunosuppressive and desmoplastic tumour microenvironment (TME) significantly hinders their efficacy in PC. Tumour‐associated neutrophils (TANs) play a crucial role in the PC microenvironment and exert a profound influence on PC immunotherapy by establishing a robust stromal shelter and restraining immune cells to assist PC cells in immune escape, which may subvert the current status of PC immunotherapy. The present review aims to offer a comprehensive summary of the latest progress in understanding the involvement of TANs in PC desmoplastic and immunosuppressive functions and to emphasise the potential therapeutic implications of focusing on TANs in the immunotherapy of this deleterious disease. Finally, we provide an outlook for the future use of TANs in PC immunotherapy.
Effectiveness of educational interventions in reducing the stigma of healthcare professionals and healthcare students towards mental illness: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wong John Chee Meng , Chua Joelle Yan Xin , Chan Pao Yi , Shorey Shefaly 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimTo examine the effectiveness of educational interventions in reducing stigma among healthcare professionals and students towards people with mental illness.DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster RCTs.Data SourcesArticles published from database inception to October 2023 were systematically searched from seven databases (CINAHL, Embase, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science), following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines.MethodsRandom‐effect meta‐analyses were conducted. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 statistics and Cochran's Q chi‐squared test. A quality appraisal conducted at the study level used the Cochrane risk of bias tool and an outcome‐level quality assessment utilized the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation Approach. Publication bias was assessed using the funnel plot.ResultsTwenty‐five articles were included in this review. Meta‐analysis reported statistically significant medium and small effect sizes for attitudes towards mental illness and attitudes towards people with mental illness respectively, showing the association between educational interventions and improved attitudes among healthcare professionals and students. However, a statistically non‐significant effect was reported for knowledge of mental illness. Subgroup analyses indicated that face‐to‐face and contact‐based interventions were particularly effective at reducing stigma. Notably, single‐session interventions were just as effective as multiple sessions, suggesting a potential for resource‐efficient approaches.ConclusionEducational interventions demonstrate promise in fostering more positive attitudes towards mental health issues. Future research should aim to determine the long‐term effects of these interventions and include patient feedback on the stigmatizing behaviours of healthcare professionals and students, to holistically evaluate the effect of interventions.No Patient or Public ContributionThis study is a secondary review and does not require relevant contributions from patients or the public.What Does this Paper Contribute to the Wider Global Clinical Community?Face‐to‐face contact‐based educational sessions have proven to be the most effective. Reinforcing learning may be achieved through a series of repeated single‐session interventions.
Coercive mating has no impact on spatial learning, cognitive flexibility, and fecundity in female porthole livebearers (Poeciliopsis gracilis)
Authors: Ernst Tiffany R. , Hogers R. M. H. W. , Korosi A. , van Leeuwen J. L. , Kotrschal A. , Pollux Bart J. A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCoercive mating is a sexual selection strategy that is likely to influence female cognition. Female harassment levels have been linked to altered brain gene expression patterns and brain size evolution, suggesting females may respond to coercive mating by investing energy into “outsmarting” males. However, females exposed to coercive males have decreased foraging efficiency and likely increased stress levels, suggesting their brain function might instead be impaired. While it is therefore likely that coercive mating impacts female cognitive abilities, a direct test of this idea is currently lacking. In this study, we investigate the impact of coercive mating on female spatial memory and cognitive flexibility in a species with prevalent coercive mating. We compared the performance of female porthole livebearers (Poeciliopsis gracilis), which had been previously housed alone or with a coercive male, in both a spatial food localization task and a reversal learning task. While we found that both single and paired fish exhibited high proficiency in learning both tasks, we found no differences in learning ability between females that had or had not experienced coercive mating. In addition, our study found that the presence of a coercive male had no impact on female fecundity, but did influence female mass and standard length. Several studies have assumed that the presence of males, particularly coercive males, may affect the cognitive performance of female fish. However, our study shows that for some species females adapted to coercive mating regimes may be unaffected by male presence with regards to some cognitive tasks.
Serine protease inhibitor 3 (Serpin3) from Penaeus vannamei selectively interacts with Vibrio parahaemolyticusPirAvp
Authors: Le Thanh‐Nguyen , Dinh Thuan‐Thien , Mai‐Hoang Thuy‐Dung , Razzazi‐Fazeli Ebrahim , Tran‐Van Hieu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAcute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND) represents a significant challenge in the field of shrimp aquaculture. This disease is primarily caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains harbouring the pVA1 plasmid encoding the PirAvp and PirBvp toxins. To combat this epidemic and mitigate its devastating consequences, it is crucial to identify and characterize the receptors responsible for the binding of these pathogenic toxins. Our studied discovered that Penaeus vannamei's Serine protease inhibitor 3 (PvSerpin3) derived from shrimp hepatopancreatic tissues could bind to recombinant PirAvp, confirming its role as a novel PirAvp‐binding protein (PABP). Through comprehensive computational methods, we revealed two truncated PirAvp–binding proteins derived from PvSerpin3 called Serpin3(13) and Serpin3(22), which had higher affinity to PirAvp than the full‐length PvSerpin3. The PABP genes were amplified from a cDNA library that was reversed from total RNA extracted from shrimp, cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Three PABP inclusion bodies were refolded to obtain the soluble form, and the recovery efficacy was found to be 100% for Serpin3 and Serpin3(13), while Serpin3(22) had a recovery efficacy of roundly 50%. Co‐Immunoprecipitation (co‐IP) and dot blot assays substantiated the interaction of these recombinant PABPs with both recombinant PirAvp and VPAHPND (XN89)‐producing natural toxins.
Oral intake of solid medications in patients with post‐stroke dysphagia. A challenge for nurses?
Authors: Trapl‐Grundschober Michaela , Schulz Steffen , Sollereder Simon , Schneider Lea , Teuschl Yvonne , Osterbrink Jürgen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimTo provide a comprehensive overview of how stroke nurses manage solid medication (SM) delivery to patients with post‐stroke dysphagia.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsA self‐administered online survey was carried out among nurses in German‐speaking countries between September and December 2021.ResultsOut of a total of 754 responses, analysis was conducted on 195 nurses who reported working on a stroke unit. To identify swallowing difficulties in acute stroke care, 99 nurses indicated routinely administering standardised screenings, while 10 use unvalidated screenings, and 82 are waiting for a specialist evaluation. Regardless of whether screening methods are used or not, most preferred a non‐oral route of medication administration for patients with suspected dysphagia. None of the respondents reported administering whole SMs orally to patients. If screening methods indicate dysphagia, approximately half of the respondents would modify SMs. Participants who stated to use the Gugging Swallowing Screen managed the SM intake guided by its severity levels. One‐third of the group who awaited assessment by the dysphagia specialist provided modified medication before the consultation.ConclusionMost of the nurses on stroke units use swallowing screens and avoid the administration of whole SMs in post‐stroke dysphagia. In addition to the non‐oral administration, SMs are modified if dysphagia is suspected. Precise guidance on the administration of SM is needed, based on screening tests and prior to expert consultation.Trial and Protocol RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov: Registration ID: NCT05173051/ Protocol ID: 11TS003721.Implications for the profession and/or patient careThe present paper serves to alert nurses to the issue of patient safety when administering medication for acute stroke‐induced dysphagia.ImpactSM delivery after acute stroke‐induced dysphagia is often neglected. While nurses are aware of the risk associated with dysphagia and would not give whole SMs to patients, the modification of tablets and their administration with semisolids are common.Reporting MethodThis study was reported according to the Checklist for Reporting of Survey Studies (CROSS).