bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salivary gland functional recovery after sialendoscopy
Authors: Su Yu‐Xiong , Xu Jie‐Hua , Liao Gui‐Qing , Zheng Guang‐Sen , Cheng Mu‐Hua , Han Lu , Shan Hong 
Published: February 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To date, there has been no report on the salivary gland functional outcomes after sialendoscopic surgery. The purpose of this study is to evaluate salivary gland functional recovery after sialendoscopic management of obstructive salivary gland disease.Study Design:A prospective, self‐control study.Methods:The present study was undertaken among patients scheduled for sialendoscopic surgery with unilateral salivary ductal obstructions. Glandular function was quantitatively assessed with the use of sialometry and scintigraphy preoperatively and at least 3 months postoperatively.Results:A consecutive series of 17 patients were followed for 14 ± 8 months. Sialendoscopic procedures included removal of calculi in 15 cases and dilatation of stenosis in two cases. All patients were free of symptoms during follow‐up. Before surgery, there was a significant decline in the resting and stimulated saliva flow rate, uptake index, and excretion fraction of the obstructive glands compared with the contralateral normal glands. Postoperatively, although the degrees of functional recovery varied in individuals, statistical analysis revealed that the glandular function increased significantly in the affected glands and had no differences when compared to the contralateral glands.Conclusions:These data provide a unique functional assessment after sialendoscopic surgery. Our results demonstrate that sialendoscopy is an organ‐preserving surgical approach which can achieve satisfactory functional recovery in the management of salivary ductal obstructions. Laryngoscope, 2009
Using proton nuclear magnetic resonance as a rapid response research tool for methyl ester characterization in biodiesel
Authors: ter Horst Marc , Urbin Stephanie , Burton Rachel , McMillan Christina 
Published: February 2009

AbstractReliable and rapid analysis remains a high priority for quality control in biodiesel production. Quantifying biodiesel with alternative analytical tools such as proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) can provide total methyl esters distributions without significant sample pretreatment. Using unique spectra of individual methyl esters, we investigate the feasibility of using 1H NMR spectroscopy to identify and quantify relative and absolute concentrations of methyl esters in a biodiesel.
Development of a calculation procedure for the statistical interpretation of the results of potential mapping performed on reinforced concrete structures
Authors: Gulikers J. , Elsener B. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPotential mapping is a widely applied and accepted non‐destructive measuring technique to assess the condition of concrete structures with respect to corrosion of the embedded reinforcement steel. Most often a single reference electrode is used to perform point measurements according to a predefined grid. At present there is much debate on the appropriate potential level to allow for a distinction between passive and actively corroding steel. In the RILEM recommendation for half‐cell potential measurements, a statistical analysis of the results of potential mapping is advocated in order to arrive at an improved quantification of this potential region pertaining to the structure under investigation. However, the underlying calculation procedure has not been elaborated and consequently there is no practical and unambiguous guidance for the consulting engineer on how to perform such a statistical analysis.In this paper, the theory for the statistical analysis is presented based on the assumption that the potential distribution for both actively corroding and passive steel can be adequately described by a normal probability density distribution. This theory is applied to a number of situations to exemplify the procedure by clear graphs. The potential criteria derived will demonstrate a significantly smaller range as compared to the criteria presented in ASTM C 876. Moreover, with this statistical analysis any desired probability level of detection of corroding reinforcement steel can be chosen.
Satisfaction in choice as a function of the number of alternatives: When “goods satiate”
Authors: Reutskaja Elena , Hogarth Robin M. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPeople are typically thought to be better off with more choices, yet often prefer to choose from few alternatives. By considering the perceived benefits and costs of choice, it is proposed that satisfaction from choice is an inverted U‐shaped function of the number of alternatives. This proposition is verified experimentally. It is further hypothesized that differences in cognitive costs affect the relative location of the function's peak. Specifically, since—in large sets—perceptual costs of processing alternatives varying in shape are greater than for alternatives varying in color, the peak of the satisfaction function for the latter will lie to the right of the former. This prediction is also validated. The paper emphasizes the need for an explicit rationale for knowing how much choice is “enough.” © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Testing the boundaries of the choice overload phenomenon: The effect of number of options and time pressure on decision difficulty and satisfaction
Authors: Haynes Graeme A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe number of alternatives available to people in many day‐to‐day decisions has greatly increased in Western societies. The present research sought to build upon recent research suggesting that having large numbers of alternatives can sometimes have negative consequences for individuals. In the present experiment, participants were presented with descriptions of either 3 or 10 prizes and asked to choose one, for which they were to be entered in a drawing. The number of alternatives was manipulated in conjunction with the amount of time people were allotted to make a decision (limited vs. extended decision time). Following their decisions, participants completed measures of decision‐related difficulty, task enjoyment, satisfaction, and regret. Participants given a limited amount of time to choose with a larger set of alternatives found their decisions to be more difficult and frustrating than did participants in the other conditions. The larger set of alternatives led to less satisfaction, but not less regret, with people's decisions. Implications for research on the choice overload phenomenon are discussed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Inhibition of autotaxin production or activity blocks lysophosphatidylcholine‐induced migration of human breast cancer and melanoma cells
Authors: Gaetano Cristoforo G. , Samadi Nasser , Tomsig Jose L. , Macdonald Timothy L. , Lynch Kevin R. , Brindley David N. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIncreased expression of autotaxin in tumors including glioblastoma, breast, renal, ovarian, lung, and thyroid cancers is associated with increased tumor aggressiveness. Autotaxin promotes metastasis as well as cell growth, survival, and migration of cancer cells. These actions could depend on the noncatalytic effects of autotaxin on cell adhesion, or the catalytic activity of autotaxin, which converts lysophosphatidylcholine into lysophosphatidate in the extracellular fluid surrounding the tumor. Both lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and lysophosphatidate have been reported to stimulate migration through their respective G‐protein coupled receptors. The present study determines the roles of autotaxin, LPC, and lysophosphatidate in controlling the migration of two cancer cell lines: MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells, which produce little autotaxin and MDA‐MB‐435 melanoma cells that secrete significant levels of autotaxin. LPC alone was unable to stimulate the migration of either cell type unless autotaxin was present. Knocking down autotaxin secretion, or inhibiting its catalytic activity, blocked cell migration by preventing lysophosphatidate production and the subsequent activation of LPA1/3 receptors. We conclude that inhibiting autotaxin production or activity could provide a beneficial adjuvant to chemotherapy for preventing tumor growth and metastasis in patients with high autotaxin expression in their tumors. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Merging with a buyer group member
Authors: Erutku Can , de Lamirande Patrick 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe examine a merger between a national retailer and a local retailer who is a member of a buyer group. While the traditional literature on mergers assumes an oligopolistic industry (where the merger takes place) supplied by a perfectly competitive one, we assume here that retailers obtain their input from a supplier that can offer quantity discounts. In this setting, a merger can be profitable for insiders (solving the merger paradox) and can also be more profitable for insiders than for outsiders (solving the free‐riding problem). This result holds even if the merged firm ends‐up with a small share of the market. However, welfare decreases post‐merger. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clinical characteristics of 49 patients with psychogenic movement disorders in a tertiary clinic in Turkey
Authors: Ertan Sibel , Uluduz Derya , Özekmekçi Sibel , Kiziltan Günes , Ertan Turan , Yalçinkaya Cengiz , Özkara Çigdem 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPatients admitted to movement disorders outpatient unit at a university hospital between January 2002 and June 2007 were screened for psychogenic movement disorders (PMDs). Out of 1,743 patients, 49 patients (2.8%), including four children, were diagnosed to have PMDs. Women to men ratio was 34/15. The mean age and the age‐at‐onset were 41 ± 17 years and 36 ± 15 years in the adult group, and 10 ± 2 and 9 ± 2 years in children. Among the whole group, 44% had tremor, 24% dystonia, 12% pure gait disorders, 8% parkinsonism, 6% chorea‐ballism, and 4% tic disorder. PMD developed acutely in 85% of patients, and distractibility was observed in 83%. Of the patients, 81% met the criteria for clinically established PMD, whereas 16% for documented and 2% for probable PMD. Although our data was obtained from a different culture, our results showed that hospital‐based frequency and phenomenological features between our PMD group and previously reported ones are similar. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Familial Parkinsonism and early onset Parkinson's disease in a Brazilian movement disorders clinic: Phenotypic characterization and frequency of SNCA, PRKN, PINK1, and LRRK2 mutations
Authors: Camargos Sarah Teixeira , Dornas Leonardo Oliveira , Momeni Parastoo , Lees Andrew , Hardy John , Singleton Andrew , Cardoso Francisco 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency and to perform phenotypic and genotypic characterization of familial Parkinsonism and early onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) in a Brazilian movement disorder unit. We performed a standardized clinical assessment of patients followed by sequencing of PRKN, PINK1 in EOPD cases and SNCA, LRRK2 in familial Parkinsonism individuals. During the period of study (January through December, 2006), we examined 575 consecutive patients of whom 226 (39.3%) met the diagnosis of Parkinsonism and idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) was diagnosed in 202 of the latter. Of the IPD cases, 45 (22.3%) had EOPD. The age at onset in the EOPD cases (n = 45) was 34.8 ± 5.4 years (mean ± standard deviation). The age at onset in the familial late‐onset PD patients (n = 8) was 52.3 ± 12.2 years. In the early onset cases, we identified five known mutations in PRKN, two single heterozygous and three compound heterozygous (P153R, T240M, 255Adel, W54R, V3I); in addition, we identified one novel mutation in PINK1 (homozygous deletion of exon 7). In the familial cases (late onset), 1 patient had a novel LRRK2 variant, Q923H, but no SNCA mutations were identified. We have demonstrated that EOPD accounts for a high frequency of IPD cases in our tertiary referral center. PRKN was the most commonly mutated gene, but we also identified a novel mutation in PINK1 and a novel variant in LRRK2. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Long lead time flood warnings: reality or fantasy?
Authors: Golding B. W. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper reviews recent advances in weather forecasting capability in the United Kingdom and their implications for increasing the lead time with which flood warnings can be issued. The events of summer 2007 have highlighted the vulnerability of parts of the United Kingdom to flooding and the need for long lead time flood warnings to enable the protection of people and critical infrastructure. Historically, computer weather forecasting models have been unable to forecast at the scales of importance for flood warning, and so the warning processes have been forced to rely on measurements on the ground. Examples are presented to demonstrate that new forecasting technologies, currently being implemented, enable warnings to be produced much earlier, provided they are couched in probabilistic terms and interpreted appropriately. Crown Copyright © 2009. Reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Release and characterization of single side chains of white cabbage pectin and their complement‐fixing activity
Authors: Westereng Bjorge , Coenen Gerd Jan , Michaelsen Terje Einar , Voragen Alphons G. J. , Samuelsen Anne Berit , Schols Henk A. , Knutsen Svein Halvor 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA mixture of single side chains from white cabbage pectin were obtained by anion exchange chromatography after applying mild chemical conditions promoting β‐elimination. These pectin fragments were characterized by their molecular weight distribution, sugar composition, 13C‐NMR, and MALDI‐TOF‐MS analysis. These analyses revealed that the large oligosaccharides released by β‐eliminative treatment were composed of α‐1,5 linked arabinosyl residues with 2‐ and 3‐linked α‐arabinosyl side chains, and, or β‐1,4 linked galactosyl side chains. Fractions were tested for complement‐fixing activity in order to determine their interaction with the complement system. These results strongly indicated that there was a minimal unit size responsible for the complement‐fixing activity. Neutral pectin fragments (˜8 kDa) obtained from β‐elimination were inactive in the complement system, although they contained a sugar composition previously shown to be highly active. Larger pectin fragments (˜17 kDa) retained some activity, but much lower than polymers containing rhamnogalacturonan type 1 (RGI) structures isolated from the same source. This implied that structural elements containing multiple side chains is necessary for efficient complement‐fixing activity.
Three‐section symmetrical 3‐dB directional coupler in multilayer microstrip technology designed with the use of multi‐technique compensation
Authors: Wincza Krzysztof , Gruszczynski Slawomir 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA broadband high‐performance three‐section symmetrical 3‐dB directional coupler designed in a microstrip multilayer technology has been presented for the first time. To achieve excellent properties of the directional coupler a novel approach has been applied in which three different compensation techniques have been simultaneously used. The designed directional coupler features excellent properties over two‐octave frequency band and can be easily applied in large microwave networks as a surface mount element. Both calculated and measured results are presented to confirm the validity of the described design technique. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 902–906, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24193
Miniaturization of narrow‐band power dividers by using CPW metamaterial transmission lines
Authors: Aznar Francisco , Bonache Jordi , Valcarcel Alexandre , Martín Ferran 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this article, it is demonstrated that the size of planar microwave circuits and components can be reduced by using coplanar waveguide (CPW) metamaterial transmission lines. The small size and the possibility to control the electrical characteristics (phase and characteristic impedance) of these lines, make them suitable for compact planar device design. To illustrate the possibilities of the approach, different power dividers, consisting on split‐ring resonators (SRRs) and spiral resonators (SRs) loaded CPWs, have been designed, fabricated (in a conventional low loss microwave substrate) and measured. Sixty percentage size reduction, as compared to conventional devices, has been achieved. This size reduction can be enhanced by using smaller resonators based on different topologies. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 926–929, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24195
A compact CPW‐Fed UWB BPF using combined microstrip SIR
Authors: Chen Yu‐Cheng , Lee Ching‐Her , Hsu Chung‐I. G. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis article presents a multimode‐resonator (MMR)‐based ultra‐wideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) fed by modified coplanar waveguides (CPWs). The MMR employed in the UWB BPF is formed by combining two quarter‐wavelength (λ/4) microstrip stepped‐impedance resonators (SIRs) in a structure‐shared fashion. The first two resonant frequencies of the inherent λ/4 SIRs and the fundamental one of the embedded half‐wavelength (λ/2) resonator were designed and located inside the UWB passband. Experiments on a prototype UWB BPF were carried out for validating the filter design. The measured frequency responses show an insertion loss of less than 1 dB between the first and the last |S11| null frequencies in the UWB passband and an upper −20‐dB stopband bandwidth of about 6.14 GHz. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 918–921, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24199
An accurate evaluation of the nonsymmetrical components of Green's functions for multilayered media in the near‐field region
Authors: Abdelmageed Alaa K. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe discrete complex image method has proved to be one of the most efficient techniques to evaluate Green's functions for multilayered media, particularly in the near‐ and intermediate‐field regions. Although the extraction of surface waves extends its validity to the far field, it suffers from erroneous results that contaminate the computation of the near field. To handle this problem for the nonsymmetrical components of Greens functions, we follow the same approach adopted by the author and others for the symmetrical components where a number of artificial poles are extracted for each physical surface‐wave pole occurrence. This approach has proved its validity and yielded good results in all field regions. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 881–885, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24201
A compact three‐way dual‐frequency power divider
Authors: Wang Xinhuai , Chen Dongzhou , Shi Xiaowei , Wei Feng , Chen Xiaoqun 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this article, a compact three‐way dual‐frequency power divider is proposed. The circuit is composed of two sections of three transmission lines and four RLC networks. The RLC networks using planar lumped inductors, capacitors, and resistors can provide enough isolation and good amplitude balance simultaneously at two arbitrary frequencies. The structure of the power divider used to determine the design parameters has been given. To verify the validity, a proposed power divider was fabricated and measured at 915 MHz and 2450 MHz. The proposed power divider achieves physical size reduction of about 62% compared with the conventional one. Both theoretical and simulated results are presented, which are in good agreement with the measured results. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 913–915, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24203
Fractal monopole‐like antenna with series Hilbert‐curves for WLAN dual‐band and circular polarization applications
Authors: Bor Sheau‐Shong , Lu Tsung‐Che , Liu Ji‐Chyun , Zeng Bing‐Hao 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA novel design of fractal monopole‐like antenna with series Hilbert‐curve configuration is proposed for 2.45/5.35 GHz dual‐band and circular polarization applications in this article. The compact fractal antenna consists of five series Hilbert‐curve and the monopole couplings, and exhibits the desired dual‐band 2.45 GHz (BW = 85 MHz, 3.45%) and 5.35 GHz (BW = 240 MHz, 4.46%), respectively, for IEEE 802.11a/b/g WLAN applications. The circular polarizations for dual‐band are demonstrated with AR spectrum and electric field intensities. Results included with frequency responses, radiation patterns, and electric field intensities are presented and discussed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 876–880, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24204
Fiber‐based telecoms components at 1550 nm for the generation of cw‐THz by photomixing
Authors: Hindle Francis , Szriftgiser Pascal , Bacquet Denis , Yang Chun , Mouret Gael , Bocquet Robin 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA standard DFB diode laser operating at 1.55 μm has been used with an EDFA to construct a hybrid cw‐THz spectrometer. Frequency steps of as small as 4 MHz are demonstrated by current control whereas larger spectra in excess of 400 GHz have been realized using temperature control. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 991–994, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24207
Compact tri‐band BPF design using spur‐line‐loaded tri‐section SIRs
Authors: Lee Ching‐Her , Hsu Chung‐I G. , Chen Yu‐Cheng 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this article, a new tri‐band microstrip bandpass filter (BPF) is proposed. The BPF is composed of two folded, rectangular‐shaped three‐section SIRs (TSSIRs) whose first three resonant frequencies can be tuned to locate in the desired passbands. The BPF are 0° fed and the end sections of the TSSIRs are designed in an antiparallel fashion to produce zeros at appropriate frequencies for improving passband selectivity. In addition, by embedding spur lines and defected ground structures (DGS) in the BPF, extra transmission zeros around the first spurious passband are introduced to widen the upper stopband. The designed BPF is fabricated on an RT/Duroid 6010 substrate. The measured fractional bandwidths (minimum insertion losses) for the 1.57 GHz (GPS), 2.45 GHz (ISM), and 3.5 GHz (WiMAX) bands, respectively, are 11.5% (1 dB), 4.6% (2.19 dB), and 10.9% (1.3 dB), which agree well with those predicted by simulation. It also shows that for miniaturization purposes, the TSSIRs are made meandered to give an overall circuit size of only 23.29 × 10.94 mm2 for the designed BPF. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 989–991, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24208
A FDTD algorithm for the analysis of short optical pulse second harmonic generation in dispersive media
Authors: Alsunaidi M. A. , Alhajiri F. S. , Masoudi H. M. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA time‐domain nonlinear model representing the propagation of ultra‐short optical pulses in dispersive materials containing second order nonlinearity is presented. The model accounts for material dispersion through Lorentz model in addition to the spatiotemporal coupling between the pulsed fundamental and second harmonic beams. Numerical results for the generated second harmonic pulse clearly demonstrate the pulse break‐up phenomenon. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1097–1100, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24213