bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-Compatibility Inheritance in Tomatillo (Physalis Ixocarpa Brot.)
Authors: Mulato-Brito Juan , Peña-Lomelí Aureliano , Sahagún-Castellanos Jaime , Villanueva-Verduzco Clemente , de Jesús López-Reynoso José 
Published: May 2008

Self-Compatibility Inheritance in Tomatillo (Physalis Ixocarpa Brot.)
One of the main limiting factors to improve tomatillo is the presence of self-incompatibility which has been reported to be gametophytic. In an early research, a self-compatible plant was found in the Rendidora landrace and this allowed us to investigate the inheritance of self-compatibility gene (s) in tomatillo. The following crosses were performed: self-compatible x self-incompatible, self-compatible x self-compatible and self-incompatible x self-incompatible and their respective reciprocal crosses. Segregation ratios on self-compatibility versus self-incompatibility in their offspring indicate that self-compatibility is not inherited via cytoplasm, so the responsible gene is located in chromosomes. The inheritance of self-compatibility is due to a single dominant gene (Sc) which is a mutation at the S locus. Self-compatible individuals are strictly heterozygous (Sc,4) and finally, the self-compatibility allele (Sc), in the male side (Sc,4), seems to be non functional when self-pollinating the Sc,4 stigma. A single gene controlling stem pubescence was also found.
Effect of Drip Irrigation, N-Fertigation and Cultivation Methods on the Yield and Quality of Carrot
Authors: Dyśko Jacek , Kaniszewski Stanisław 
Published: May 2008

Effect of Drip Irrigation, N-Fertigation and Cultivation Methods on the Yield and Quality of Carrot
In the years of 2004-2006 research on influence of surface and subsurface drip irrigation on yield and quality of carrot grown on ridges and on the flat ground was investigated. Irrigation was started at soil water potential of 30-40 kPa. Nitrogen fertilizers (100 kg.ha-1) were applied in two rates. The first rate was preplant applied, the second was used by fertigation. In the control treatment without irrigation, the second rate of nitrogen was applied by broadcasting. Surface and subsurface drip irrigation significantly increased the yield of carrot. In cultivation on ridges higher yield of the carrot was obtained when surface drip irrigation was applied as compare to subsurface method. Carrot cultivated on ridges produced significantly longer roots than cultivated on flat ground. Generally the surface and subsurface drip irrigation decreased dry matter content and total N content in carrot roots. Drip irrigation at both cultivation methods increased pH and decreased the salt concentration of the soil.
Characterization of Peat-Free Organic Media in Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) Production
Authors: Sári Szilvia , Forró Edit 
Published: May 2008

Characterization of Peat-Free Organic Media in Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) Production
Several materials of organic origin (peats, composts, pine bark) were tested in vegetable growing, the test plant was pepper (Capsicum annuum L., cv. Danubia). The main objective was to find out how to apply of these materials efficiently in intensive growing. The effect of the media on the yielding of pepper was also examined. Soil samples were measured for various pedological properties. The hydrolizable nitrogen-content decreased in the media except for composts where it increased significantly (SD95%=25.61 and 20.48). Composts and pine bark were rich in potassium and phosphorus. High electrical conductivity (EC) was determined in green waste compost I. (EC=3.5) when sand was added to green waste compost II (EC=2.9) the EC decreased significantly (SD95%=0.33). The mixture of high- and low-moor peat gave the highest yield (9.3 kg.m-2), composts (6.1 and 5.7 kg.m-2) and pine bark (6.3 kg.m-2) gave significantly lower yields (SD95%=0.43). It was concluded that the examined peat-free media can be valuable components of soil mixtures.
Effect of Field Pea (Pisum arvense L.) as a Cover Plant on Health of Under-Ground Part of Field Tomato
Authors: Jamiołkowska Agnieszka 
Published: May 2008

Effect of Field Pea (Pisum arvense L.) as a Cover Plant on Health of Under-Ground Part of Field Tomato
No-tillage method with various cover crops has become popular recently in vegetable production (Abdul-Baki et al. 1996). The aim of a study conducted in 1998-2000 was evaluation of the effect of field pea (Pisum arvense L.) as a cover crop on the health of roots and stem base of tomato cultivated in the field. The field pea decreased the number of Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani and increased the number of antagonistic fungi Trichoderma spp. and Penicillium spp. on the roots and stem base of tomato.
The numerical classification method (Podani 1993, Łaska 2001) applied to compare fungal communities from the roots and stem base of tomato grown conventionally and in field with pea as cover crop showed that similarity coefficient ranged from 21% to 59%.
Phytophagous Entomofauna Occurring On Carrot and Plant Protection Methods
Authors: Szwejda Jerzy , Wrzodak Robert 
Published: May 2008

Phytophagous Entomofauna Occurring On Carrot and Plant Protection Methods
Over 34 phytophagous species were noted on carrot plantations in Poland. Most of them are oligo- and polyphagous species, occurring in populations, which pose permanent threat for carrot plantations.
Basing on occurrence frequency and quantity, the identified species were classified into 3 groups.
I group. Species causing significant economic losses: carrot fly (Chamaepsila rosae Fabr.), root aphids (Pemphigus phenax B&B), cutworm (Agrotis spp.), Semiaphis dauci, hawthorn carrot aphid (Dysaphis crataegi Kalt.), lygus bug (Lygus spp.).
II group. Species infesting plantations in cyclic intervals of several years: black been aphid (Aphis fabae Scop.), psyllid (Trioza viridula Zett.), Depressaria nervosa Haw., D. depresella Hb., D. heracliana DeGeer, wireworms (Agriotes spp.), white grubs (Melolonthinae)
III group. Species occurring sporadically in numbers, which may pose a threat to plants: knot grass (Acronicta rumicis L.), Mamestra dissimilis Knoch., M. persicariae L., Autographa gamma L.
Monitoring of pests presence and threats caused by them is conducted by constantly developed system of short- and long-term forecasting. It includes the species harmful to plantations every year or cyclically, which need to be controlled. Treatment times are established based on signalisation of pest presence on plantation, using yellow sticky cards (Chamapsila rosae), pheromone traps (Agrotis segetum) or periodic inspection of plantation to evaluate threshold value (other species).
The Influence of Carrot Plant Control Against Alternaria Blight on the Root Health Status After Storage
Authors: Mazur Stanisław , Wrocki Jacek 
Published: May 2008

The Influence of Carrot Plant Control Against Alternaria Blight on the Root Health Status After Storage
A good health status and quality of roots during winter storage especially in soil clamp is a serious economic problem. The proper plant protection in the field can reduce the occurrence of pathogens mainly those infecting at first leaves and then causing root rots such as fungi of Alternaria species. During 2005-2006 the studies on carrot protection against Alternaria blight were conducted in Mydlniki near Kraków. Carrot plants were sprayed with solutions of following control agents: liquid extract of garlic 100% (Bioczos) at the concentration of 2%, chitosan - 20% (Biochikol 020 PC) at the concentration of 2% and extract from grapefruit 33% (Biosept 33 SL) at the concentration of 0.2%. As comparative fungicide azoxystrobin 250 g.L-1 (Amistar 250 SC) at the dose of 0.8 L·ha-1 was used. The healthiness of roots was examined twice, first time directly after harvest and the second time after the storage in the spring. The results revealed that the carrot plant protection against Alternaria blight with the examined control agents reduced infestation of leaves and in the consequence improved the root health status. The analyses carried out in April 2006 and 2007 after root storage showed the significant differences among examined treatments, both in the range of root infestation as well as in the losses of root weight. The lowest root infection was observed in the treatments sprayed with the grapefruit extract. Besides the protection of plants during growing season had an influence on the root weight losses.
There was no clear effect of a specific treatment on the total yield of carrot, but a tendency of a higher crop from the plots treated with fungicides was noticed as compared to the untreated control. A significant influence of applied agents was visible after the storage period. The lowest root weight losses were observed from the treatments protected with chitosan and grapefruit extracts. Untreated control produced the highest weight losses of roots in both years of experiment. Laboratory tests revealed numerous colonies of fungi and bacteria on the diseased carrot tissues. Dominating microorganisms were fungi from Alternaria and Fusarium genus.
The Influence of Postharvest Treatment and Short Term Storage on Quality and Durability of Fresh Cut Crisp Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.Var. capitata L.)
Authors: Grzegorzewska Maria 
Published: May 2008

The Influence of Postharvest Treatment and Short Term Storage on Quality and Durability of Fresh Cut Crisp Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.Var. capitata L.)
The experiment was conducted with crisp lettuce cv. 'Grenada". After harvesting and cutting the lettuce was subjected to the following treatments: rinsing in tap water and centrifuging, rinsing in 0.3% citric acid solution and centrifuging and rinsing in 0.3% ascorbic acid solution and centrifuging. The 200 g samples of cut lettuce were packed in polyethylene (PE) film bags tight sealed and also with perforation. Additionally the untreated lettuce was packed also in P-Plus plastic bags.
There was no effect from rinsing in tap water or organic acid solutions on reduction of browning or quality of cut lettuce.
The storage temperature significantly influenced the quality of cut lettuce. At 0°C the fresh cut crisp lettuce maintained good quality up to 6 days but only 2 days at 6-8°C. After 2 days at 18-20°C browning was visible and after 4 days there were symptoms of rotting.
Comparing suitability of unit packaging for short storage of fresh cut lettuce, it was shown that lettuce kept in P-Plus film bags maintained the best quality.
Some Aspects of Nutritive and Biological Value of Carrot Cultivars with Orange, Yellow and Purple-Coloured Roots
Authors: Gajewski Marek , Szymczak Paweł , Elkner Krystyna , Dąbrowska Aleksandra , Kret Anna , Danilcenko Honorata 
Published: May 2008

Some Aspects of Nutritive and Biological Value of Carrot Cultivars with Orange, Yellow and Purple-Coloured Roots
The aim of this work was to determine antioxidant activity and some physical and chemical parameters influencing nutritive and biological value of orange, purple and yellow carrot cultivars. The two-year experiment was carried out in Warsaw Agricultural University in 2005 and 2006. Carrot was grown in the experimental field of the University. Six carrot cultivars, differed in storage roots colour and shape, were chosen for the experiment: 'Florida' F1, 'Interceptor' F1, 'Nebula' F1, 'Purple Haze' F1, 'Yellowstone', 'Mello Yello' F1. Immediately after harvest of carrots there were determined: dry matter, total sugars content, total phenolics, total carotenoids, antioxidant activity (DPPH), fractions of dietary fibre, pectines, pH, redox potential, electrical resistance. P-value, which is a combined parameter of some physical and chemical traits, was also calculated. Correlations between some of these quality parameters were determined. Dry mater content was the highest for 'Purple Haze' in 2005, but in 2006 for 'Nebula' similar dry matter content was found. Total sugars content in carrots in 2005 was the highest in 'Purple Haze' but in 2006 'Florida' showed higher sugars content. Total phenolics content was the highest in 'Purple Haze' roots. Total carotenoids content was greatly differentiated between cultivars and varied from below 1 mg·100 g-1 to above 14 mg·100 g-1. For cultivars of yellow storage roots the lowest level of carotenoids were found, and the highest for orange-coloured 'Florida', 'Interceptor' and 'Purple Haze'. In all cultivars, from fractions of total fibre, the highest amount was found in the case of cellulose and pectines. The highest antioxidant activity showed purple-coloured cultivar 'Purple Haze', and the lowest activity yellow-coloured cultivars 'Yellowstone' and 'Mello Yello'. Regression analysis showed that antioxidant activity of carrot storage roots was strictly related to carotenoids content (r=0.92) and phenolics content (r=0.87).
Prestorage Heat Treatment of Apples
Authors: Skrzyński Jan 
Published: May 2008

Prestorage Heat Treatment of Apples
'Jonica' and 'Shampion' apples picked at optimum harvest date were subjected separately to heat treatment as an individual fruit hot water dip for 10 and 20 seconds. Following that, fruits were cooled, placed in lots in crates and stored under conditions recommended in Poland. Respective samples of non treated fruits and heat treated were subjected to quality evaluations at harvest, after storage and after simulated shelf life. The main effect of heat treatment was total reduction of fruit spoilage due to storage diseases, whereas non treated fruits were affected by bitter rot (Gloeosporium), gray mold (Botrytis) and blue mold (Penicillium) respectively. After storage and simulated shelf life period 'Shampion' treated fruits retain higher flesh firmness than untreated ones. Soluble solids content of treated 'Shampion' fruits were higher than for untreated fruits. The soluble solids content in 'Jonica' fruits treated for 10 s was lower than treated for 20 s and control. Titratable acidity of heat treated fruits of 'Shampion' were similar to non treated apples, and for 'Jonica' were higher than control (except fruits treated for 20 s and analysed after storage).
Are Imports and Exports Cointegrated: the Case of Bulgaria between 1967 and 2004
Authors: Bineau Yannick 
Published: May 2008

Are Imports and Exports Cointegrated: the Case of Bulgaria between 1967 and 2004This note tests current account sustainability in Bulgaria from 1967 to 2004. Empirical analysis adopts various unit root and cointegration tests with structural breaks. Evidence of a long run relation between exports and imports in Bulgaria is shown, despite the financial crisis of 1996/8. Intertemporal current account constraint is not violated in Bulgaria.
Should Italians, Croats and Slovenes Work Together in Developing a Northern Adriatic Tourist Destination?
Authors: Prasnikar Janez , Zabkar Vesna , Rajkovic Tanja 
Published: May 2008

Should Italians, Croats and Slovenes Work Together in Developing a Northern Adriatic Tourist Destination?The article assesses opportunities for creating a macro-tourist destination in the region of the Northern Adriatic. Research was based on a survey of more than 1700 summer tourists in three different sea towns, namely Grado in Italy, Opatija in Croatia and Portorož in Slovenia in 2004. The three countries share a common past under the Austro-Hungarian monarchy and are headed for a common future within the European Union. Survey results of tourists' motivations and destination quality perceptions support the notion that the Northern Adriatic is considered by many central Europeans as the "sea closest to home". Thus, EU efforts under the framework of the Cohesion Policy of EU regions could also be adopted in the area of joint destination management of the Northern Adriatic. A Destination Management Organization for the three regions should be established as the main agent of change in the destination management of the region.
The Monetary Transmission Mechanism in the New Economy: Evidence from Turkey (1997-2006)
Authors: Cifter Atilla , Ozun Alper 
Published: May 2008

The Monetary Transmission Mechanism in the New Economy: Evidence from Turkey (1997-2006)This study aimed to test the money base, money supply, credit capacity, industrial production index, interest rates, inflation and real exchange rate data of Turkey during the years 1997 - 2006. These were tested through the monetary transmission mechanism and passive money hypothesis, using the vector error correction model-based causality test. Empirical findings showed that the passive money supply hypothesis of the new Keynesian economy is supported in part by accommodationalist views and differs from those of structuralist and liquidity preference theories. However, the monetary transmission mechanism has established that long-term money supply only affects general price levels, while production is influenced by interest rates in the new period of the Turkish economy. Empirical findings show that in this new period, interest transmission mechanisms are at the forefront.
How to Gain Success in SME? A Case Study of a region in the Czech Republic.
Authors: Sebestova Jarmila , Rylkova Zaneta , Smysl Marek 
Published: May 2008

How to Gain Success in SME? A Case Study of a region in the Czech Republic.Small and medium sized entrepreneurship (SME) is often considered a contemporary phenomenon. Why have so many authors dedicated their work to this field? The main reason is that SME influences society and contributes to the economic development of its region. This analysis emphasizes endogenous factors for success. The situation in the Moravia-Silesian Region (the northeast region of the Czech Republic) in which we applied factor analysis on a research sample supported our hypothesis. Moreover, we used VRIO analysis to clearly interpret our research findings.
Capital Budgeting Practices: A Survey of Croatian Firms
Authors: Dedi Lidija , Orsag Silvije 
Published: May 2008

Capital Budgeting Practices: A Survey of Croatian FirmsThis paper reports the results of a mail survey of capital budgeting practices among Croatian firms and compares the results with those from similar studies in the USA, UK, Sweden, and other European countries. It is based on a questionnaire sent to 200 firms selected from 400 of the best Croatian firms (special edition of Privredni vjesnik) and to 34 banks from a ranking of Croatian banks (special edition of Privredni vjesnik). The response rate was 25,21%. The goal of the empirical survey was to determine the present application of quantitative capital budgeting methods, cost of capital and cash flow estimation, risk analysis and application of a real options approach in capital budgeting practices in Croatian firms. This is the first empirical survey of Croatian capital budgeting practices that has been undertaken.
Poverty amongst Female-headed Households in Bosnia and Herzegovina: an empirical analysis
Authors: Smajic Senada , Ermacora Sergio 
Published: May 2008

Poverty amongst Female-headed Households in Bosnia and Herzegovina: an empirical analysisThis paper conducts an empirical investigation of whether female-headed households (FHHs) are over-represented amongst the poor compared to male-headed households in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), measured through the consumption dimension of poverty. Apart from self-reported and demographic definitions of headship, which do not make reference to the economic support provided for a household, households whose headship is assigned according to economic definition are included in the analysis. Moreover, the heterogeneity of FHHs is recognised in our study. In this way, the study avoids the main pitfalls associated with similar studies. Since the relationship between poverty and headship has regional and ethnic characteristics, the specific characteristics of BiH in this context are taken into account. Finally, given that our analysis did not find evidence of FHHs being disadvantaged in terms of household consumption, it cannot be argued that policy measures targeting FHHs would be a useful approach to reducing poverty in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Impact of Human Capital on GNP Level
Authors: Požega Željko , Crnković Boris 
Published: May 2008

Impact of Human Capital on GNP LevelIt is possible to achieve faster rates of social growth, greater developement, a better standard of living and narrow the gap between rich and poor countries by changing a government's economic policies so that they emphasize investments in the developement of human potential. An increase in motivation, knowledge, levels of education and team organization, as well as a strengthening of citizens' moral, intellectual and social potential will, as the results of investigations quoted in this article show, bring faster growth of the Gross National Product (GNP). There is still a paradigm prevailing in south-eastern European countries to invest more in physical capital than in human capital. This paradigm is the reason that these countries continue to fall behind the most developed countries in the world.
Attractive Investment Images in Southeastern Europe: the Case of Varna, Bulgaria
Authors: Metaxas Theodore 
Published: May 2008

Attractive Investment Images in Southeastern Europe: the Case of Varna, BulgariaAttracting foreign direct investments (FDI) constitutes one of the primary aims of the regions and cities of Southeastern Europe after the fall of communist regimes in 1989. In order to satisfy this aim, cities are characterized by a plurality of efforts to create their images based on their distinctive characteristics and in this way attract investments and specialized human resources. Factors such as agglomeration economies, access to European markets, urban infrastructure, as well as qualitative ‘soft’ factors such as the quality of life and urban aesthetic, are considered as location criteria for business establishment in potential locations. The aim of the paper is to examine the attractiveness of the city of Varna as an investment destination by using primary data derived from empirical research on Varna's firms. The firms evaluate a variety of factors (urban characteristics), defining Varna's advantages as an investment destination. These advantages were then used to create the proposed ‘investment image’ of the city.
Innovation Propensity in Croatian Enterprises: Results of a Community Innovation Survey
Authors: Aralica Zoran , Račić Domagoj , Radić Dubravko 
Published: May 2008

Innovation Propensity in Croatian Enterprises: Results of a Community Innovation SurveyThis paper assesses the determinants of innovation activities in Croatian enterprises and their implications for innovation policy. A Type-2 Tobit model is used for modelling the innovation behaviour of Croatian companies, based on the results of a Community Innovation Survey conducted for the period 2001-2003. This model identified the positive effects of conditions for enterprise growth (enterprise size and demand pull variable) and the integration of enterprises into international flows of capital and goods (through foreign direct investments) as well as R&D activities. These variables can be tackled through a more effective policy framework that should increase competitiveness within industries in order to stimulate the demand for innovation. The focus should be on fostering enterprise growth, attraction of FDI with strong spillover effects, and stimulating the export capability of enterprises. Only in such a context can the positive effects of engagement in R&D be maximised.