bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological intervention programme for developing resilience in the military personnel. A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Turliuc Maria Nicoleta , Balcan Ana‐Diana 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMilitary gendarmes are frequently exposed to events with traumatic impact, with negative effects on emotional and physical health. The present research aims to analyse the effectiveness of Military Resilience Training (MRTR), a psychological intervention programme developed to reduce perceived stress, increase the perception of adaptive resources and strengthen resilience. Ninety‐eight participants who met the inclusion criteria were enroled in a single‐blind randomized controlled trial. The psychological training programme was implemented in the intervention group (n = 48) for a duration of 5 months. The participants in the control group (n = 50) were scheduled to start the training later. The levels of perceived stress, adaptive resources and resilience were measured in all participants, from the intervention and the control group, before and after the intervention, and at a 3‐month follow‐up. The effects of the intervention (Cohen's d) were very high for adaptive resources (d = 0.99), self‐schemes (d = 1.33), family support (d = 0.70), and partner support (d = 0.66), average for resilience (d = 0.53) and stress (d = 0.49), with very high effects on military task demands (d = 1.19) and averages for friction with authority (d = 0.51). The effects were obtained only in the intervention group, and all gains were maintained at follow‐up. This study provides evidence of the effectiveness of MRTR, a psychological intervention implemented in the military gendarmerie population. In the short and long term, MRTR has significant effects in reducing perceived stress, increasing the perception of adaptive resources and strengthening the resilience of military gendarmes.
All Roads Lead to Rome: Comparing Nanoparticle‐ and Small Molecule‐Driven Cell Autophagy
Authors: Zhou Xiaofei , Medina‐Ramirez Iliana E. , Su Gaoxing , Liu Yin , Yan Bing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAutophagy, vital for removing cellular waste, is triggered differently by small molecules and nanoparticles. Small molecules, like rapamycin, non‐selectively activate autophagy by inhibiting the mTOR pathway, which is essential for cell regulation. This can clear damaged components but may cause cytotoxicity with prolonged use. Nanoparticles, however, induce autophagy, often causing oxidative stress, through broader cellular interactions and can lead to a targeted form known as “xenophagy.” Their impact varies with their properties but can be harnessed therapeutically. In this review, the autophagy induced by nanoparticles is explored and small molecules across four dimensions: the mechanisms behind autophagy induction, the outcomes of such induction, the toxicological effects on cellular autophagy, and the therapeutic potential of employing autophagy triggered by nanoparticles or small molecules. Although small molecules and nanoparticles each induce autophagy through different pathways and lead to diverse effects, both represent invaluable tools in cell biology, nanomedicine, and drug discovery, offering unique insights and therapeutic opportunities.
Strain Engineering of Twisted Bilayer Graphene: The Rise of Strain‐Twistronics
Authors: Hou Yuan , Zhou Jingzhuo , Xue Minmin , Yu Maolin , Han Ying , Zhang Zhuhua , Lu Yang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe layer‐by‐layer stacked van der Waals structures (termed vdW hetero/homostructures) offer a new paradigm for materials design—their physical properties can be tuned by the vertical stacking sequence as well as by adding a mechanical twist, stretch, and hydrostatic pressure to the atomic structure. In particular, simple twisting and stacking of two layers of graphene can form a uniform and ordered Moiré superlattice, which can effectively modulate the electrons of graphene layers and lead to the discovery of unconventional superconductivity and strong correlations. However, the twist angle of twisted bilayer graphene (tBLG) is almost unchangeable once the interlayer stacking is determined, while applying mechanical elastic strain provides an alternative way to deeply regulate the electronic structure by controlling the lattice spacing and symmetry. In this review, diverse experimental advances are introduced in straining tBLG by in‐plane and out‐of‐plane modes, followed by the characterizations and calculations toward quantitatively tuning the strain‐engineered electronic structures. It is further discussed that the structural relaxation in strained Moiré superlattice and its influence on electronic structures. Finally, the conclusion entails prospects for opportunities of strained twisted 2D materials, discussions on existing challenges, and an outlook on the intriguing emerging field, namely “strain‐twistronics”.
Tunable Surface Charge of Layered Double Hydroxide Membranes Enabling Osmotic Energy Harvesting from Anion Transport
Authors: Qin Si , Yang Guoliang , Wang Shana , Ma Yuxi , Wang Zhiyu , Wang Lifeng , Liu Dan , Lei Weiwei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMembrane‐based osmotic energy harvesting is a promising technology with zero carbon footprint. High‐performance ion‐selective membranes (ISMs) are the core components in such applications. Recent advancement in 2D nanomaterials opens new avenues for building highly efficient ISMs. However, the majority of the explored 2D nanomaterials have a negative surface charge, which selectively enhances cation transport, resulting in the underutilization of half of the available ions. In this study, ISMs based on layered double hydroxide (LDH) with tunable positive surface charge are studied. The membranes preferentially facilitate anion transport with high selectivity. Osmotic energy harvesting device based on these membranes reached a power density of 2.31 W m−2 under simulated river/sea water, about eight times versus that of a commercial membrane tested under the same conditions, and up to 7.05 W m−2 under elevated temperature and simulated brine/sea water, and long‐term stability with consistent performance over a 40‐day period. A prototype reverse electrodialysis energy harvesting device, comprising a pair of LDH membranes and commercial cation‐selective membranes, is able to simultaneously harvest energy from both cations and anions achieving a power density of 6.38 W m−2 in simulated river/sea water, demonstrating its potential as building blocks for future energy harvesting systems.
Amorphous Cobalt Polyselenides with Hyperbranched Polymer Additive as High‐Capacity Magnesium Storage Cathode Materials Through Cationic and Anionic Co‐Redox Mechanism
Authors: Li Ting , Ran Lin , Li Hao , Zhang Daohong , Xu Fei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) are a promising energy‐storage technology with low cost and high reliability, while the lack of high‐performance cathodes is impeding the development. Herein, a series of amorphous cobalt polyselenides (CoSex, x>2) is synthesized with the assistance of organic amino‐terminal hyperbranched polymer (AHP) additive and investigated as cathodes for RMBs. The coordination of cobalt cations with the amino groups of AHP leads to the formation of amorphous CoSex rather than crystalline CoSe2. The amorphous structure is favorable for magnesium‐storage reaction kinetics, and the polyselenide anions provide extra capacities besides the redox of cobalt cations. Moreover, the organic AHP molecules retained in CoSex‐AHP provide an elastic matrix to accommodate the volume change of conversion reaction. With a moderate x value (2.73) and appropriate AHP content (11.58%), CoSe2.7‐AHP achieves a balance between capacity and cycling stability. Amorphous CoSe2.7‐AHP provides high capacities of 246.6 and 94 mAh g‒1, respectively, at 50 and 2000 A g‒1, as well as a capacity retention rate of 68.5% after 300 cycles. The mechanism study demonstrates CoSex‐AHP undergoes reversible redox of Co2+/3+↔Co0 and Sen2‒↔Se2‒. The present study demonstrates amorphous polyselenides with cationic‐anionic redox activities is as a feasible strategy to construct high‐capacity cathode materials for RMBs.
Spatially Decoupled H2O2 Activation Pathways and Multi‐Enzyme Activities in Rod‐Shaped CeO2 with Implications for Facet Distribution
Authors: Cheng Tianqi , Wu Xinyu , Qiu Yuwei , Yuan Bo , Zhao Chao , Chen Jian Lin , Peng Yung‐Kang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCeO2, particularly in the shape of rod, has recently gained considerable attention for its ability to mimic peroxidase (POD) and haloperoxidase (HPO). However, this multi‐enzyme activities unavoidably compete for H2O2 affecting its performance in relevant applications. The lack of consensus on facet distribution in rod‐shaped CeO2 further complicates the establishment of structure‐activity correlations, presenting challenges for progress in the field. In this study, the HPO‐like activity of rod‐shaped CeO2 is successfully enhanced while maintaining its POD‐like activity through a facile post‐calcination method. By studying the spatial distribution of these two activities and their exclusive H2O2 activation pathways on CeO2 surfaces, this study finds that the increased HPO‐like activity originated from the newly exposed (111) surface at the tip of the shortened rods after calcination, while the unchanged POD‐like activity is attributed to the retained (110) surface in their lateral area. These findings not only address facet distribution discrepancies commonly reported in the literature for rod‐shaped CeO2 but also offer a simple approach to enhance its antibacterial performance. This work is expected to provide atomic insights into catalytic correlations and guide the design of nanozymes with improved activity and reaction specificity.
A Small‐Molecule Organic Cathode with Extended Conjugation toward Enhancing Na+ Migration Kinetics for Advanced Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yao Yuxin , Pei Mengfai , Su Chang , Jin Xin , Qu Yunpeng , Song Zihui , Jiang Wanyuan , Jian Xigao , Hu Fangyuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOrganic cathode materials show excellent prospects for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) owing to their high theoretical capacity. However, the high solubility and low electrical conductivity of organic compounds result in inferior cycle stability and rate performance. Herein, an extended conjugated organic small molecule is reported that combines electroactive quinone with piperazine by the structural designability of organic materials, 2,3,7,8‐tetraamino‐5,10‐dihydrophenazine‐1,4,6,9‐tetraone (TDT). Through intermolecular condensation reaction, many redox‐active groups C═O and extended conjugated structures are introduced without sacrificing the specific capacity, which ensures the high capacity of the electrode and enhances rate performance. The abundant NH2 groups can form intermolecular hydrogen bonds with the C═O groups to enhance the intermolecular interactions, resulting in lower solubility and higher stability. The TDT cathode delivers a high initial capacity of 293 mAh g−1 at 500 mA g−1 and maintains 90 mAh g−1 at an extremely high current density of 70 A g−1. The TDT || Na‐intercalated hard carbon (Na‐HC) full cells provide an average capacity of 210 mAh g−1 during 100 cycles at 500 mA g−1 and deliver a capacity of 120 mAh g−1 at 8 A g−1.
The Role of Photo in Oxygen Evolution Reaction: A Review
Authors: Feng Zihang , Dai Chuanlin , Shi Peng , Lei Xuefei , liu Xuanwen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPhoto enhanced oxygen evolution reaction has recently emerged as an advanced strategy with great application prospects for highly efficient energy conversion and storage. In the course of photo enhanced oxygen evolution reactions, the other works focus has predominantly centered on catalysts while inadvertently overlooking the pivotal role of photo. Consequently, this manuscript embarks upon a comprehensive review of recent advancements in photo‐driven, aiming to illuminate this critical dimension. A detailed introduction to the photothermal effect, photoelectronic effect, photon‐induced surface plasmon resonance, photo and heterojunction, photo‐induced reversible geometric conversion, photo‐induced energy barrier reduction, photo‐induced chemical effect, photo‐charging, and the synthesis of laser/photo‐assisted catalysts, offering prospects for the development of each case is provided. A detailed introduction to the photothermal effect, photoelectronic effect, photon‐induced surface plasmon resonance, photo and heterojunction, photo‐induced reversible geometric conversion, photo‐induced energy barrier reduction, photo‐induced chemical effect, photo‐charging, and the synthesis of laser/photo‐assisted catalysts is provided. At the same time, the overpotential and Tafel slope of some catalysts mentioned above at 10 mA cm−2 is collected, and calculated the lifting efficiency of light on them, offering prospects for the development of each case.
Software development effort estimation using boosting algorithms and automatic tuning of hyperparameters with Optuna
Authors: Hassanali Maryam , Soltanaghaei Mohammadreza , Javdani Gandomani Taghi , Zamani Boroujeni Farsad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractConsidering the increasing need for software projects, estimating software development efforts is essential and can lead to improved project delivery quality. Machine learning methods are widely used to improve the accuracy of estimation. The boosting method is an ensemble machine learning technique less used in this field. In this research, five boosting algorithms including Adaboost, Gradient boosting, XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost were implemented with the hyperparameter tuning framework Optuna on the ISBSG database. The Optuna is a next‐generation optimization method for automatically tuning hyperparameters of algorithms. Six evaluation criteria MMRE, MdMRE, MAE, MSE, Pred(0.25), and SA were used to evaluate the findings. The results show that the hyperparameter automatic tuning by Optuna increases the accuracy of prediction provided by all five models. When the Catboost algorithm uses Optuna to tune its hyperparameters has made the best prediction among the five algorithms studied in this research. Using Optuna, compared to the case where the algorithm uses its default settings, the highest percentage of prediction improvement was observed in the XGBoost algorithm (except for the SA criterion). Based on the criteria of MMRE, Pred(0.25), and SA, this study has a better prediction than some relatively similar articles.
Morphological disparity and evolutionary patterns of Cambrian hyoliths
Authors: Liu Fan , Topper Timothy P. , Strotz Luke C. , Liang Yue , Hu Yazhou , Skovsted Christian B. , Zhang Zhifei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHyolitha represent one of the major constituents of the Cambrian Evolutionary Fauna, first appearing in the Terreneuvian and rapidly diversifying soon after. Recent work has both enriched the hyolith fossil record and expanded our understanding of their biology, but studies documenting the evolutionary trajectory of Cambrian hyoliths remain scarce. Here we present the first study of changes in morphological disparity in Cambrian hyoliths over time with the aim of characterizing the evolutionary trajectory of hyoliths throughout their primary period of diversification. Our results show that hyoliths occupied distinct regions of morphospace at different times during the Cambrian, with an expansion in morphospace occupation associated with the increase in hyolith diversity in the early Cambrian. Both the Sinsk Event and multiple abiotic factors led to a decline in hyolith diversity in the Miaolingian, and morphological disparity also contracts in association with this reduction in diversity.
A Comparative Case Study of GELT Implementation in U.S.‐Based University English Language Programs
Authors: Crowther Dustin , Doyama Akiko , Shin Milang , Gilliland Betsy 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe increased global use of English has brought calls for a reconceptualization of English language teaching (ELT). Despite several frameworks for implementing Global Englishes (GE) into ELT, little research considers the effects of curriculum intervention or how such intervention varies across contexts. Addressing this gap, this comparative case study examines two graduate‐level English language instructors who completed a ‘GE Pedagogies’ course in fall 2022 and implemented the skills gained in their spring 2023 teaching. Data was elicited through teacher research, with an analytical emphasis on the teachers' reflection journals. We present a narrative for each teacher that describes their processes for implementing GE into their courses. Comparative analysis of the two narratives indicated that despite a shared goal to raise students' awareness of GE and develop intercultural communication skills, one teacher's practices were more limited due to the specific needs of her course. As such, she had to pursue GE goals through somewhat different means. Our findings indicate that while implementing GE into ELT is indeed possible, flexibility in reference to how this is done is required.
Biogas generation through anaerobic digestion of orange peel waste and crude glycerol in single‐stage and two‐stage batch system
Authors: Guedes Maria Teresa de Jesus Camelo , Soroka Vinícius Duarte , Marder Munique , Stacke Camila Naiele Giovanella , Konrad Odorico , Silva Maria Cristina de Almeida 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOrange peel waste (OPW) and crude glycerol (CG) can be used in anaerobic processes. To avoid inhibition due to D‐limonene from OPW, the process can be carried out in two stages. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the generation of methane in biogas through the anaerobic digestion of OPW and CG, individually and mixed, in a single‐stage and two‐stage batch system. For this purpose, the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of the wastes, separately and mixed, was determined in a single‐stage system (methanogenic phase) and in a two‐stage system (acidogenic and methanogenic), following the German standard VDI 4630. The results obtained were statistically analyzed using Shapiro−Wilk and non‐parametric tests. For OPW, the BMP value found was 160.5 m3 CH4. tonSV−1. For CG, the result for BMP was 344.8 m3 CH4. tonVS−1. The result of these mixed wastes was equivalent to 501.3 m3 CH4. tonSV−1, for BMP. Through the statistical tests used, it was found that the use of OPW and CG, separately and mixed, in the two‐stage system does not present a statistically significant difference in the production of biogas when using the same wastes in a single‐stage system. However, it was found that the co‐digestion of these wastes is promising for biogas generation and contributes to managing these agro‐industrial wastes.
Neurological adverse effects of isoxazoline exposure in cats and dogs
Authors: Bates Nicola , Dijkman Marieke A. , Edwards John Nicholas 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundIsoxazolines are rarely reported to be associated with neurological adverse events in cats and dogs, but information about the onset and duration of neurological signs is lacking in the summary of product characteristics of these medicines.MethodsThe Veterinary Poisons Information Service and the Dutch Poisons Information Center databases were searched using the Veterinary Dictionary for Drug‐Related Affairs terms for ataxia, muscle tremor, convulsions or hyperesthesia in cats and dogs exposed to isoxazolines.ResultsThere were 22 cases with and 57 cases without outcome information, mostly involving fluralaner or sarolaner. In both groups, muscle tremors and convulsions were the most common signs. In dogs, neurological signs occurred with oral therapeutic dose and overdosage. In cats, most fluralaner cases involved therapeutic topical exposure, and all sarolaner cases involved oral exposure. In all cases with outcome information, the animals recovered.LimitationsCases discussed with poison centres tend to involve more severe signs.ConclusionThe true incidence of neurological adverse effects from isoxazolines remains unclear. The delay between the administration and onset of signs can be long, and the association may be missed. A lack of timing information in the summary of product characteristics could also contribute to missed attribution of adverse effects.
SLIPMAP: Fast and Robust Manifold Visualisation for Explainable AI
Authors: Björklund Anton , Seppäläinen Lauri , Puolamäki Kai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe propose a new supervised manifold visualisation method, slipmap, that finds local explanations for complex black-box supervised learning methods and creates a two-dimensional embedding of the data items such that data items with similar local explanations are embedded nearby. This work extends and improves our earlier algorithm and addresses its shortcomings: poor scalability, inability to make predictions, and a tendency to find patterns in noise. We present our visualisation problem and provide an efficient GPU-optimised library to solve it. We experimentally verify that slipmap is fast and robust to noise, provides explanations that are on the level or better than the other local explanation methods, and are usable in practice.
Associations between recorded loneliness and adverse mental health outcomes among patients receiving mental healthcare in South London: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Parmar Mayur , Ma Ruimin , Attygalle Sumudu , Herath Maaheshi Deepika , Mueller Christoph , Stubbs Brendon , Stewart Robert , Perera Gayan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Loneliness disproportionately affects people with mental disorders, but associations with mental health outcomes in groups affected remain less well understood.

Method
A cohort of patients receiving mental healthcare on 30th June 2012 was assembled from a large mental health records database covering a south London catchment area. Recorded loneliness within the preceding 2 years was extracted using natural language processing and outcomes were measured between 30th June 2012 until 30th December 2019, except for survival which applied a censoring point of 6th December 2020 according to data available at the time of extraction. The following mental healthcare outcomes: (i) time to first crisis episode; (ii) time to first emergency presentation; (iii) all-cause mortality; (iv) days active to service per year; and (v) face-to-face contacts per year.

Results
Loneliness was recorded in 4,483 (16.7%) patients in the study population and fully adjusted models showed associations with subsequent crisis episode (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.07–1.29), emergency presentation (HR 1.30, 1.21–1.40), days active per year (IRR 1.04, 1.03–1.05), and face-to-face contacts per year (IRR 1.28, 1.27–1.30). Recorded loneliness in patients with substance misuse problems was particularly strongly associated with adverse outcomes, including risk of emergency presentation (HR 1.68, 1.29–2.18) and mortality (HR 1.29, 1.01–1.65).

Conclusion
Patients receiving mental healthcare who are recorded as lonely have a higher risk of several adverse outcomes which may require a need for higher service input.