bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enantioselective Friedel—Crafts Reaction of Indoles with Carbonyl Compounds Catalyzed by Bifunctional Cinchona Alkaloids.
Authors: Li Hongming , Wang Yong‐Qiang , Deng Li 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The First Synthesis of Thermally Stable Acylamino‐Substituted 1,2‐Dioxetanes.
Authors: Matsumoto Masakatsu , Sano Yusuke , Watanabe Nobuko , Ijuin Hisako K. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Regioselective Unusual Formation of Spirocyclic 4‐{2′‐Benzo(2′,3′‐dihydro)furo}‐9‐methyl‐2,3,9‐trihydrothiopyrano [2,3‐b]indole by 4‐exo‐trig Aryl Radical Cyclization and Rearrangement.
Authors: Majumdar K. C. , Alam S. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Substituted 2‐Phenyl‐benzimidazole Derivatives: Novel Compounds that Suppress Key Markers of Allergy.
Authors: Richards Mark L. , Cruz Lio Shirley , Sinha Anjana , Banie Homayon , Thomas Richard J. , Major Michael , Tanji Mark , Sircar Jagadish C. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 2‐Oxazolidinones from (1S,2S)‐2‐Amino‐1‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐1,3‐propanediol.
Authors: Madesclaire M. , Coudert P. , Zaitsev V. P. , Zaitseva J. V. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of New α‐Spiroheteryl‐Fused Butanolides.
Authors: Kochikyan T. V. , Samvelyan M. A. , Harutyunyan V. S. , Avetisyan A. A. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Tandem Michael Addition and Lactonization Catalyzed by Chiral Quaternary Ammonium Phenoxide: Stereoselective Synthesis of the Two Enantiomers by Using a Single Chiral Source.
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Nagao Hitoshi , Yamane Yoshinobu 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Amination of the ortho C—H Bonds by the Cu(OAc)2‐Mediated Reaction of 2‐Phenylpyridines with Anilines.
Authors: Uemura Takeshi , Imoto Shinya , Chatani Naoto 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Direct Access to Heterocyclic Scaffolds by New Multicomponent Ugi—Smiles Couplings.
Authors: El Kaim Laurent , Gizolme Marie , Grimaud Laurence , Oble Julie 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
4‐Hydroxy‐2‐quinolones. Part 93. Synthesis and Biological Properties of 2‐Hydroxy‐4‐imino‐1,4‐dihydroquinoline‐3‐carboxylic Acid N‐R‐Amides.
Authors: Ukrainets I. V. , Sidorenko L. V. , Gorokhova O. V. , Jaradat N. A. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Conjugate Additions of Sulfur‐Stabilized Anions to Unsaturated Lactams. Synthesis of Polyfunctionalized Benzo[a]quinolizinone Systems.
Authors: Garcia Eva , Lete Esther , Sotomayor Nuria 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Nucleophilic Substitution in 1‐Alkyl‐4,5‐dichloro‐3‐nitropyridazin‐6‐ones
Authors: Volovenko Yu. M. , Volovnenko T. A. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Benign and Efficient Synthesis of 2‐Substituted 4(3H)‐Quinazolinones Mediated by Iron(III) Chloride Hexahydrate in Refluxing Water.
Authors: Wang Guan‐Wu , Miao Chun‐Bao , Kang Hui 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
2‐(2‐Furyl)imidazo[1,2‐a]pyrimidine Synthesis and Electrophilic Substitution Reactions.
Authors: Saldabol N. , Popelis J. , Lando O. , Slavinska V. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Data on the Alkylation of Cyclic Thioureas with α‐Halocarboxylic Acids and Their Esters. Part 2. Alkylation of Tetrahydropyrimidine‐2(1H)‐thione and 5,5‐Dimethyltetrahydropyrimidine‐2(1H)‐thione.
Authors: Kushakova P. M. , Yulisova A. I. , Ramsh S. M. , Garabadgiu A. V. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Structure of 7‐Alkoxyalkyl‐3‐thia‐7‐azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan‐9‐ones and Several of Their Derivatives.
Authors: Yu V. K. , Praliev K. D. , Fomicheva E. E. , Mukhasheva R. D. , Klepikova S. G. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Silylation of ortho‐Functionalized Aryl Halides with Hydrosilanes.
Authors: Yamanoi Yoshinori , Nishihara Hiroshi 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Role of the 11‐cis‐Retinal Ring Methyl Substituents in Visual Pigment Formation.
Authors: Dominguez Marta , Alvarez Rosana , Perez Martin , Palczewski Krzysztof , de Lera Angel R. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hookerianolides A—C: Three Novel Casbane‐Type Diterpenoid Lactones from Mallotus hookerianus.
Authors: Bai Yang , Yang Yi‐ping , Ye Yang 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Norditerpenoids from Cespitularia hypotentaculata
Authors: Shen Ya‐Ching , Lin Jyun‐Jhou , Wu Ying‐Ru , Chang Jiun‐Yang , Duh Chang‐Yih , Lo Kuang Liang 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Mature Homogeneous Erythropoietin Building Blocks by Chemical Synthesis: The EPO 22‐37 Glycopeptide Domain Presenting the Full N‐Linked Dodecasaccharide.
Authors: Wu Bin , Tan Zhongping , Chen Gong , Chen Jiehao , Hua Zihao , Wan Qian , Ranganathan Krishnakumar , Denishefsky Samuel J. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Practical Approach for the Stereoselective Introduction of β‐Arabinofuranosides.
Authors: Zhu Xiangming , Kawatkar Sameer , Rao Yu , Boons Geert‐Jan 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Model for Cell‐Surface‐Exposed Carbohydrate Moieties Suitable for Structural Studies by NMR Spectroscopy.
Authors: Mares Jiri , Mueller Jan U. , Skirgailiene Audrone , Neumoin Alexey , Bewley Carole A. , Schmidt Richard R. , Zerbe Oliver 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
De Novo Asymmetric Syntheses of Muricatacin and Its Analogues via Dihydroxylation of Dienoates.
Authors: Ahmed Md. Moinuddin , Cui Hu , O'Doherty George A. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Concise Asymmetric Route to the Antibiotic Macrolides Patulolide A (I) and Pyrenophorin (II).
Authors: Rao K. Srinivasa , Reddy D. Srinivasa , Mukkanti K. , Pal Manojit , Iqbal Javed 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Erinacines J and K from the Mycelia of Hericium erinaceum.
Authors: Kawagishi Hirokazu , Masui Ayano , Tokuyama Shinji , Nakamura Tomoyuki 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Stereoselectivity, Sequence Specificity and Mechanism of Action of the Azinomycin Epoxide.
Authors: David‐Cordonnier Marie‐Helene , Casely‐Hayford Maxwell , Kouach Mostafa , Briand Gilbert , Patterson Laurence H. , Bailly Christian , Searcey Mark 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Tellurium in Organic Synthesis: An Approach to the Synthesis of (Z,E)‐Dienic Precursors of Insect Pheromones.
Authors: Diego Dennis G. , Cunha Rodrigo L. O. R. , Comasseto Joao V. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Nonaqueous Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Review and Indium Oxide as Case Study for the Dependence of Particle Morphology on Precursors and Solvents
Authors: Niederberger Markus , Garnweitner Georg , Buha Jelena , Polleux Julien , Ba Jianhua , Pinna Nicola 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Recent Advances in the Dynamics of Single Crystal to Single Crystal Transformations in Metal—Organic Open Frameworks
Authors: Suh Myunghyun Paik , Cheon Young Eun 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ru(III)‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Some Amines by Chloramine‐T in Hydrochloric Acid Medium — Mechanistic Aspects and Kinetic Modeling
Authors: Shivananda K. N. , Jagadeesh R. V. , Puttaswamy Puttaswamy , Mahendra K. N. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
α‐ and β‐Glucosidase Inhibitors: Chemical Structure and Biological Activity
Authors: Borges de Melo Eduardo , da Silveira Gomes Adriane , Carvalho Ivone 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Quantum Mechanical Determinations of Reaction Mechanisms, Acid Base, and Redox Properties of Nitrogen Oxides and Their Donors
Authors: Dutton Andrew S. , Fukuto Jon M. , Houk K. N. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rod and cone input to horizontal cells in the rabbit retina
Authors: Pan Feng , Massey Stephen C. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractIn the rabbit retina, there are two types of horizontal cell (HC). The A‐type HC is axonless and extensively coupled. The B‐type HC is axon bearing; the somatic dendrites are radially symmetric and form a second coupled network, while the axon branches expansively to form a complex terminal structure. The B‐type axon terminals (ATs) are independently coupled to form a third network in the outer plexiform layer. We have modified our dye‐injection methods to obtain detailed fills of the three different horizontal cell networks for analysis via confocal microscopy. We have confirmed that A‐type HCs and the somatic dendrites of B‐type HCs receive input exclusively from cones, whereas the B‐type ATs receive input only from rods. A single B‐type AT may receive input from as many as 1,000 rods, but, surprisingly, our data reveal only one end terminal per rod spherule. The somatic dendrites of A‐ and B‐type HCs form clusters at each cone pedicle coincident with GluR2/3 and GluR4 glutamate receptor subunits. The B‐type ATs have GluR2/3‐ or GluR4‐labeled glutamate receptors in two locations: small puncta on the end terminals within the rod spherule invagination and large clusters on the terminal stalks, approximately 1.5 μm from the rod synaptic ribbon. We conclude that AMPA receptors of the same or similar composition mediate photoreceptor input to all types of HCs. J. Comp. Neurol. 500:815–831, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Selective loss of dentate hilar interneurons contributes to reduced synaptic inhibition of granule cells in an electrical stimulation‐based animal model of temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Sun Chengsan , Mtchedlishvili Zakaria , Bertram Edward H. , Erisir Alev , Kapur Jaideep 
Published: December 2006

AbstractNeuropeptide‐containing hippocampal interneurons and dentate granule cell inhibition were investigated at different periods following electrical stimulation‐induced, self‐sustaining status epilepticus (SE) in rats. Immunohistochemistry for somatostatin (SOM), neuropeptide Y (NPY), parvalbumin (PV), cholecystokinin (CCK), and Fluoro‐Jade B was performed on sections from hippocampus contralateral to the stimulated side and studied by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Compared to paired age‐matched control animals, there were fewer SOM and NPY‐immunoreactive (IR) interneurons in the hilus of the dentate gyrus in animals with epilepsy (40–60 days after SE), and 1, 3, and 7 days following SE. In the hilus of animals that had recently undergone SE, some SOM‐IR and NPY‐IR interneurons also stained for Fluoro‐Jade B. Furthermore, there was electron microscopic evidence of the degeneration of SOM‐IR interneurons following SE. In contrast, the number of CCK and PV‐IR basket cells in epileptic animals was similar to that in controls, although it was transiently diminished following SE; there was no evidence of degeneration of CCK or PV‐IR interneurons. Patch‐clamp recordings revealed a diminished frequency of inhibitory postsynaptic currents in dentate granule cells (DGCs) recorded from epileptic animals and animals that had recently undergone SE compared with controls. These results confirm the selective vulnerability of a particular subset of dentate hilar interneurons after prolonged SE. This loss may contribute to the reduced GABAergic synaptic inhibition of granule cells in epileptic animals. J. Comp. Neurol. 500:876–893, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4‐immunopositive terminals of medium‐sized spiny neurons selectively form synapses with cholinergic interneurons in the rat neostriatum
Authors: Kuramoto Eriko , Fujiyama Fumino , Unzai Tomo , Nakamura Kouichi , Hioki Hiroyuki , Furuta Takahiro , Shigemoto Ryuichi , Ferraguti Francesco , Kaneko Takeshi 
Published: December 2006

AbstractMetabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGluR4) is localized mainly to presynaptic membranes in the brain. Rat neostriatum has been reported to contain two types of mGluR4‐immunoreactive axon varicosities: small, weakly immunoreactive varicosities that were distributed randomly (type 1) and large, intensely immunoreactive ones that were often aligned linearly (type 2). In the present study, most type 1 terminals formed asymmetric synapses on dendritic spines, whereas type 2 terminals made symmetric synapses on dendritic shafts, showing immunoreactivity for GABAergic markers. After depletion of neostriatal neurons, type 2 but not type 1 varicosities were largely decreased in the damaged region. When medium‐sized spiny neurons (MSNs) were labeled with Sindbis virus expressing membrane‐targeted green fluorescent protein, mGluR4 immunoreactivity was observed on some varicosities of their axon collaterals in immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopies. Furthermore, type 2 varicosities were often positive for substance P but mostly negative for striatal interneuron markers and preproenkephalin. Thus, striatonigral/striato‐entopeduncular MSNs are likely to be the largest source of type 2 mGluR4‐immunopositive axon terminals in the neostriatum. Next, in the double‐immunofluorescence study, almost all choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)‐immunopositive and 41% of NK1 receptor‐positive dendrites were heavily associated with type 2 mGluR4‐immunoreactive varicosities. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)‐positive dendrites, in contrast, seemed associated with only a few type 2 varicosities. Conversely, almost all type 2 varicosities were closely apposed to NK1 receptor‐positive dendrites that were known to be derived from cholinergic and nNOS‐producing interneurons. These findings indicate that the mGluR4‐positive terminals of MSN axon collaterals selectively form synapses with neostriatal cholinergic interneurons. J. Comp. Neurol. 500:908–922, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Morphological and physiological properties of parvalbumin‐ and calretinin‐containing γ‐aminobutyric acidergic neurons in the substantia nigra
Authors: Lee Christian R. , Tepper James M. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractEvidence for the existence of different populations of γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)‐ergic neurons in the substantia nigra comes partially from anatomical studies, which have shown there to be little if any overlap between the calcium‐binding proteins parvalbumin and calretinin in individual neurons, suggesting that these may represent neuronal subtypes with distinct electrophysiological and/or anatomical properties. We obtained whole‐cell recordings from neurons in the substantia nigra pars reticulata in rat brain slices and labeled them with biocytin, followed by immunocytochemical staining for parvalbumin and calretinin. In other cases, neurons were retrogradely labeled from the thalamus or tectum and immunocytochemically identified to determine their projection sites. Intracellularly stained neurons were found to have a variety of somatic sizes and shapes. Reconstructions revealed that all parvalbumin‐ and calretinin‐positive neurons issued at least one axon collateral, which ramified within the substantia nigra pars reticulata and/or pars compacta. Local collaterals were of medium caliber and branched modestly, expressing many long, smooth segments that then issued numerous en passant or terminal boutons, consistent with previous in vivo studies. There were no clear differences in the electrophysiological or morphological properties of neurons expressing parvalbumin or calretinin. Retrograde tracing experiments revealed that both parvalbumin‐ and calretinin‐containing neurons project nonpreferentially to the thalamus or tectum. In sum, the parvalbumin‐ and calretinin‐containing GABAergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars reticulata cannot be differentiated on the basis of their electrophysiological properties, morphological properties, or target nuclei, and both parvalbumin‐ and calretinin‐containing projection neurons issue local axon collaterals that arborize within the substantia nigra. J. Comp. Neurol. 500:958–972, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The potential energy of knowledge flow
Authors: Zhuge Hai , Guo Weiyu , Li Xiang 
Published: December 2006

AbstractA knowledge flow is invisible but it plays an important role in ordering knowledge exchange when working in a team. It can help achieve effective team knowledge management by modeling, optimizing, monitoring, and controlling the operation of knowledge flow processes. This paper proposes the notion of knowledge energy as the driving force behind the formation of an autonomous knowledge flow network, and explores the underlying principles. Knowing these principles helps teams and the support systems improve cooperation by monitoring the knowledge energy of nodes, by evaluating and adjusting knowledge flows, and by adopting appropriate strategies. A knowledge flow network management mechanism can help improve the efficiency of knowledge‐intensive distributed teamwork. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using semantic links to support top‐K join queries in peer‐to‐peer networks
Authors: Liu Jie , Feng Liang , Zhuge Hai 
Published: December 2006

AbstractAn important issue raised in peer‐to‐peer (P2P) applications is how to accurately and efficiently retrieve a set of K best matching data objects from different sources while minimizing the number of objects that have to be accessed. The proposed solution is to organize peers by a semantic link network representing the semantic relationships between peers' data schemas. Queries are only routed to semantically relevant peers. A pruning‐based local top‐K ranking approach is proposed to reduce the transmitted data by pruning tuples that cannot produce the desired join results with a rank value at least equal to the lowest rank value generated. Experiments evaluate its performance in terms of the number of transmitted tuples and the miss rate. Comparison with the traditional threshold algorithm for centralized systems and other top‐K ranking algorithms for P2P networks shows the features of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.