bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preclinical validation of NeoWarm, a low-cost infant warmer and carrier device, to ameliorate induced hypothermia in newborn piglets as models for human neonates
Authors: Bluhm Nick D. P. , Tomlin Grant M. , Hoilett Orlando S. , Lehner Elena A. , Walters Benjamin D. , Pickering Alyson S. , Bautista Kevin Alessandro , Bucher Sherri L. , Linnes Jacqueline C. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionApproximately 1.5 million neonatal deaths occur among premature and small (low birthweight or small-for gestational age) neonates annually, with a disproportionate amount of this mortality occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Hypothermia, the inability of newborns to regulate their body temperature, is common among prematurely born and small babies, and often underlies high rates of mortality in this population. In high-resource settings, incubators and radiant warmers are the gold standard for hypothermia, but this equipment is often scarce in LMICs. Kangaroo Mother Care/Skin-to-skin care (KMC/STS) is an evidence-based intervention that has been targeted for scale-up among premature and small neonates. However, KMC/STS requires hours of daily contact between a neonate and an able adult caregiver, leaving little time for the caregiver to care for themselves. To address this, we created a novel self-warming biomedical device, NeoWarm, to augment KMC/STS. The present study aimed to validate the safety and efficacy of NeoWarm.MethodsSixteen, 0-to-5-day-old piglets were used as an animal model due to similarities in their thermoregulatory capabilities, circulatory systems, and approximate skin composition to human neonates. The piglets were placed in an engineered cooling box to drop their core temperature below 36.5°C, the World Health Organizations definition of hypothermia for human neonates. The piglets were then warmed in NeoWarm (n = 6) or placed in the ambient 17.8°C ± 0.6°C lab environment (n = 5) as a control to assess the efficacy of NeoWarm in regulating their core body temperature.ResultsAll 6 piglets placed in NeoWarm recovered from hypothermia, while none of the 5 piglets in the ambient environment recovered. The piglets warmed in NeoWarm reached a significantly higher core body temperature (39.2°C ± 0.4°C, n = 6) than the piglets that were warmed in the ambient environment (37.9°C ± 0.4°C, n = 5) (p &lt; 0.001). No piglet in the NeoWarm group suffered signs of burns or skin abrasions.DiscussionOur results in this pilot study indicate that NeoWarm can safely and effectively warm hypothermic piglets to a normal core body temperature and, with additional validation, shows promise for potential use among human premature and small neonates.
Exenatide for obesity in children and adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Bin , Zou Zhuan , Zhang Xiaoyan , Xiao Dongqiong , Li Xihong 
Published: April 2024

Objectives: There is no curative treatment for childhood obesity. We aim to synthesize published Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) evidence on the efficacy of exenatide in obese children and adolescents.Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search and analysis of relevant studies in popular databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Our focus was on RCTs that examined the effectiveness of exenatide for treating obesity in children. We primarily assessed changes in body weight, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), or HbA1c levels. Additionally, we considered any adverse events reported during the treatment period, with particular attention to hypoglycemia. To evaluate the quality of RCTs included in our study, we employed the Cochrane bias assessment tool.Results: Five studies met the inclusion criteria. A group of 100 children were assigned to receive treatment with exenatide. Compared with controls, exenatide therapy reduced body weight and BMI by −0.6% (95% CI −0.93, −0.27), −1.11% (95% CI −1.91, −0.31), respectively. Undesirable consequences encompass gastrointestinal symptoms, with the majority of instances being characterized by mild severity.Conclusion: Exenatide demonstrates efficacy in the treatment of pediatric and adolescent obesity.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=413706
Preschool children’s asthma medication: parental knowledge, attitudes, practices, and adherence
Authors: Tang Jianlan , Zhao Zhihua , Guo Rong , Niu Chao , Zhang Renfei , Wang Ling , Luo Nan 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: As parents or legal guardians primarily care for children with asthma, understanding their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) barriers to treatment and medication adherence is of essential importance. This study aimed to analyze the KAP toward asthma medication and adherence among preschool-aged asthmatic children’s parents and explore the factors influencing adherence.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between February 2023 and April 2023. Parents of preschool children with asthma were asked to complete the questionnaire containing knowledge, attitude, practice dimensions, and demographic characteristics. The Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) was used to investigate adherence.Results: A total of 632 valid questionnaires (154 male and 478 female) were included. Parents showed moderate knowledge (9.49 ± 2.86, 63.27%, possible range: 0-15) and moderate attitudes (26.18 ± 2.51, 74.80%, possible range: 7-35) towards asthma medication, while their practices (27.46 ± 5.26, 91.53%, possible range: 6-30) were proactive; however, medication adherence was low (4.84 ± 1.78, total score: 8). The attitude scores (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.01-1.19, P=0.020), practice scores (OR = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.12-1.21, p &lt; 0.001), and smoking (OR = 1.64, 95%CI: 1.14-2.37, p = 0.008) were associated with medication adherence.Discussion: Preschool-aged asthmatic children’s parents showed moderate knowledge, attitudes, and proactive practice toward asthma medication. Continuous training and education programs should be provided for parents to improve asthma medication management in preschool children.
Parent-child attachment mediates the association between parental conflict perceptions and suicide intention: a cross-sectional survey among middle school students in China
Authors: Wang Jiana , Chen Kun , Huang Xinyuan , Jin Zhiyu , He Jing , Han Bingsong , Feng Lin , Meng Nana , Yang Cong , Yao Pin , Li Zhe 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionAdolescent suicide is a prevalent issue globally, with various factors contributing to this phenomenon. This study aimed to investigate these factors and their interrelationships to better understand the causes of adolescent suicide and provide evidence for its prevention.MethodsThis study conducted among middle school students in Liaoning Province, China, from April to May 2016, A cross-sectional survey was administered to 1,028 students aged 10–19, using instruments such as the Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale (CPIC), and revised version of Inventory of Parent Attachment (IPPA-R).ResultBinary logistic regression analysis revealed that adolescents aged 15–19, adolescents with strong perceptions of parental conflict were at high risk of suicide intention. Adolescents living in rural areas, adolescents with high mother-child attachment, adolescents with high father-child attachment were at low risk of suicide intention. Furthermore, parent-child attachment played a mediating role between two dimensions of parental conflict perception (resolved situations and response effect) and suicide intention.DiscussionThe study concludes that adolescents living in urban areas, older adolescents, adolescents with a high level of parental conflict intensity, and those with low levels of parent-child attachment are at high risk of suicide intention. parent-child attachment played a mediating role between two dimensions of parental conflict perception (resolved situations and response effect) and suicide intention. Interventions aimed at reducing family conflicts and improving parent-child relationships are recommended to decrease the incidence of adolescent suicide.
Nanoparticles Partially Restore Bacterial Susceptibility to Antibiotics
Authors: Bogdanchikova Nina , Luna Vazquez-Gomez Roberto , Nefedova Ekaterina , Garibo Diana , Pestryakov Alexey , Plotnikov Evgenii , Shkil Nikolay N. 
Published: April 2024

The growing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is one of the main public health problems nowadays. The influence of silver nanoparticle (AgNP) pretreatment of 220 cows with mastitis on the susceptibility of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria to 31 antibiotics was studied. The obtained results were compared with the previous results for Escherichia coli, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, and Staphylococcus aureus. For all four bacteria, an increase in susceptibility (9.5–21.2%) to 31 antibiotics after cow treatment with AgNPs was revealed, while after first-line antibiotic drug treatment as expected, the susceptibility decreased (11.3–27.3%). These effects were explained by (1) the increase in the contribution of isolates with efflux effect after antibiotic treatments and its decrease after AgNP treatment and (2) the changes in bacteria adhesion and anti-lysozyme activity after these treatments. The effect of the increasing antibacterial activity of antibiotics after AgNP treatment was the most pronounced in the case of E. coli and was minimal in the case of S. epidermidis. With AgNP treatment, the time of recovery decreased by 26.8–48.4% compared to the time of recovery after treatment with the first-line antibiotic drugs. The AgNP treatment allows for achieving the partial restoration of the activity of antibiotics.
Regensburg Convention of Electors 1636/1637
and Brandenburg's Struggle for Imperial Peace
Authors: Belyaev Michail 
Published: April 2024

The subject of this article is the policy of the Electorate of Brandenburg, aimed at concluding peace with the warring powers of the anti-Habsburg coalition during the Regensburg Convention. According to the ruling emperor, the purpose of the convention
was to elect a Roman king – the future Emperor Ferdinand III. However, the Brandenburg Elector Georg Wilhelm set as his task the conclusion of peace, which should be preceded by an amnesty for the classes that did not sign the Prague Peace. During the
preparation for the convention and the convention itself, it became clear that the Saxon Elector Johann Georg was pursuing an anti-Brandenburg policy. On his initiative, Brandenburg found itself drawn into a war with Sweden, then Johann Georg invited his colleague Georg Wilhelm to make concessions: to transfer Pomerania to Sweden in the name of peace in the Empire. During the convention, Brandenburg proposed to begin negotiations using the mediation of the Polish king. This was rejected by the majority of the Electors. Then a proposal was made to begin negotiations together with the emperor on concluding peace with Sweden and France. As a result, negotiations with Sweden
failed. On the issue of amnesty for the Duchy of Württemberg, the Brandenburg delegation failed. As a result, under the influence of the leader of the delegation and a supporter of the Emperor Schwarzenberg, Brandenburg agreed to the election of the Roman king. As a result, Brandenburg's peace policy failed.
Anglo-Russian Military Cooperation in the Year of 1799:
Based on the Materials from the «Journal of the Dutch Expedition» by I. Fiodorov
Authors: Egorov Alexander 
Published: April 2024

For centuries England and Russia most often acted as antagonists during
major military conflicts. Only three times in the century-long history of relations were
they military-political allies and partners: in the late 18th and early 19th centuries
during the First and Second World Wars. In this article, based on the analysis of the
«Journal of the Dutch Expedition» by Ivan Fiodorov – a document stored in the archives of the Federal Institute of the Russian History of the Russian Academy of
Sciences of St. Petersburg, which had never before been involved by historians, an attempt is made to characterize (based on the text of this document) Anglo-Russian military cooperation in the years of the Second Coalition war against Republican France, an important element of which was so-called «Secret Expedition» in the autumn of 1799 to Holland in which both English and Russian troops took part.
«Armenian» VS «Georgian» Local Texts: on the Problem of Gnesis and Ways of Evolution
Authors: Potapova Evgeniya 
Published: April 2024

The article provides a comparative analysis of two local texts ‒ Armenian and Georgian. In the aspect of genesis, the reasons for the different chronological origin of local texts and their interrelated further development are revealed, based
on the classification of the expression of the lyrical subject in the poetic text and the theory of the supertext. The hypothesis about the reasons for the emergence of opposite vectors of the development of Russian poetry about Georgia and Armenia is put
forward. The ground of the research is the theoretical basis of X. Bloom's «fear of influence» and «strong texts», as well as a receptive approach, they help to hypothesize two conditions for the formation of a supertext education.
Scientific and Technological Advances as Current Challenges to the Biological Weapons Non-Proliferation Regime
Authors: Poklonskii D. L. 
Published: April 2024

The recent advances in biological sciences and biotechnology have resulted in new knowledge and capabilities that challenge existing understandings of biological threats and biological weapons (BW). The purpose of the article is to evaluate scientific and engineering decisions that pose potential challenges to the biological weapons non-proliferation regime and can reduce barriers to their development, production and use. Materials and methods. The scientific articles available through the PubMed, Google Scholar and Russian Electronic Library databases were used in the research. The method of analysis is the description. The results of the research. The success of biotechnology provides impetus for experimentation with biological weapons, particularly by non-state actors such as terrorist organizations and extremist groups. Transformative changes are occurring in areas not directly related to microbiology. However, the potential for their malicious use is no less of a concern than the development, production and stockpiling of biological weapons. The transformation of the concept of «biological threat» is traced. It becomes more complex and includes elements from other fields outside of biotechnology and the traditional understanding of biological weapons. In addition to biotechnology and synthetic biology, such technologies that are directly related to the BTWC issue, may include: additive manufacturing based on 3D printing technologies; big data analysis and artificial intelligence technologies; nanotechnology and materials science, as well as biological research automation and robotics. Conclusion. Many dual-use technologies have received close attention from the scientific community and international experts, but this does not always contribute to an accurate and balanced understanding of their potential in the context of BTWC issues. The convergence of new and emerging disciplines is creating new areas of scientific knowledge that address the problem of non-proliferation of biological weapons, which requires the expert community to make a balanced assessment from the point of view of both dual use and the risk of excessive prohibition and negative impact on further scientific and technological progress.
Fabrication of free-standing GaN substrates using electrochemically formed porous separation layers
Authors: Yokoyama Masafumi , Horikiri Fumimasa , Mori Hisashi , Konno Taichiro , Fujikura Hajime 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We have developed a pore-assisted separation (PAS) method for the fabrication of free-standing GaN substrates, where bulk GaN crystals were separated from seed GaN templates at electrochemically formed porous layers. The pore size was controlled by the electrochemical process conditions and must be greater than 100 nm to realize separation within whole wafers. A 2 inch free-standing GaN substrate having a low dislocation density of ∼2.7 × 106 cm−2 was realized by growth of an 800 μm thick GaN layer on the porous GaN template. A 3 inch free-standing GaN substrate was also fabricated by the PAS method, indicating its good scalability.
Desain Instruksional Tahfidzul Quran Berbasis Karakter di Sekolah
Authors: Prabowo Fadillah , Budianto Budianto 
Published: April 2024

<p>Manusia diciptakan sebagai kholifah dibumi ini, namun kerusakan terjadi dimana-mana yang melibatkan para pelajar di dalamnya mulai dari maraknya peredaran narkoba, seks bebas, merebaknya video porno, tawuran dan kenakalan-kenakalan khas remaja lainnya. Maka tugas setiap orang dewasa khususnya guru dalam hal ini untuk membenahi dan meluruskan perilaku-perilaku yang menyimpang. Maka sebagai guru tahfidzul Quran yang memiliki peranan penting dalam mengajarkan kalamullah sebagai salah satu dari pada pedoman umat Islam untuk menginternalisasi karakter-karakter yang baik dalam Al Quran dalam diri peserta didik. Salah satu langkah kongkretnya dengan mendesain pembelajaran tahfidzul Quran berbasis karakter. Dalam mendesain dan mengembangkan pembelajaran tahfidzul Quran berbasis karakter dapat menggunakan desain model ADDIE. Model ini adalah desain dengan tahapan-tahapan yang berisi Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation. Analisis merupakan kegiatan mencari tahu kebutuhan peserta didik dan lembaga sekolah terkait keterampilan dan karakter apa saja yang dibutuhkan. Design yaitu merancang dengan mengidentifikasi sub-sub kemampuan yang perlu dimiliki peserta didik agar dapat menguasai kompetensi yang diinginkan. Development yaitu pengembangan bahan ajar tahfidzul Quran berbasis karakter yang bisa diadaptasi agar dapat digunakan dalam menyampaikan isi dari tujuan yang ditetapkan. Implementation adalah penerapan desain yang dikembangkan untuk mengetahui efektifitas pembelajaran tahfidzul Quran.</p>
Keadilan Berpoligami (Analisis Putusan PA Jember No 3481/PDT.G/2021/PA.JR)
Authors: Lutfhi Wahdan Arrizal , Ishaq Ishaq , Martoyo Martoyo 
Published: April 2024

<p>Dalam duduk perkara PA No. 3481/PDT.G/2021/PA.JR yang menjadikan alasan poligami pemohon adalah termohon yang menderita Paranoid Schizophrenia (diagnose dokter) dengan gajala termohon seringkali berbicara sendiri sejak kelahiran anak ketiganya, yang tidak disebutkan secara rinci dalam undang-undang perkawinan apakah penyakit yang di derita tersebut masuk dalam kategori istri yang tidak bisa menjalankan kewajiban, atau istri yang menderita cacat badan, atau juga penyakit yang tidak dapat disembuhkan sehingga permohohonan dikabulkan. Mengingat di dalam Islam suami diperbolehkan berpoligami hanya dengan keadaan yang darurat yakni: istri mandul, takut akan zina, terhindar dari perceraian. Suatu kajian yang mana jenis penelitiannya normatif, yakni berfokus kepada beberapa bahan pustaka yang berkaitan dengan poligami serta regulasinya. Sehingga fokus dalam kajian ini yakni pertama: bagaimana dampak penyakit Schizophrenia terhadap hubungan keluarga?. kedua Bagaimana analisis Putusan Pengadilan Nomor 3481/ Pdt.G/2021/PA.Jr Ditinjau Dari Konsep Dasar Keadilan Berpoligami Dalam Hukum Islam. Hasil dari penelitian ini yakni pertama, bahwasannya dampak penyakit dari Schizophrenia adalah mempengaruhi keharmonisan rumah tangga, hal ini masuk pada syarat alternatif dalam kategori istri yang tidak mampu menjalankan kewajibannya secara total. Kedua, Hakim sudah mengacu pada ketentuan-ketentuan aturan yang ada yakni dalam Syariat Islam, KHI, Undang-undang nomor 1 tahun 1974, dan penjabaran dalam Peraturan Pemerintah nomor 9 Tahun 1975 tentang Pelaksanaan UU No.1 tahun 1974. Dalam PP No.9 Tahun 1975, yang berkaitan dengan poligami adalah pasal 40, 41, 42, 43 dan 44. Dalam konteks menyikapi Putusan Pengadilan Nomor 3481/ Pdt.G/2021/PA .Jr.</p>
Fruit pests of plum plantations of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine and efficiency of protection
Authors: Filyov V. , Іurуk L. , Krikun N. 
Published: April 2024

Goal. To determine the technical effectiveness of pesticides of different origin against fruit-damaging pests of plum in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
Methods. Field, field-laboratory. The species composition of plum fruit pests was studied during systematic surveys in plum plantations of the L.P. Symyrenko Experimental Station of Pomology of the Institute of Horticulture of NAAS during 2021—2023. Accounting was carried out according to generally accepted methods. The research scheme included 8 variants. Yield and marketability were recorded during harvesting. The technical efficiency of Mospilan, RP (acetamiprid, 200 g/kg), Proclaim, 5 SG, v.g. (emamectin benzoate, 50 g/ kg) and Bitoxibacillin-BTU®r (bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis var. Thuringiensis, 1 ml of the drug contains 3 billion cells and 0.5% — 0.7% exotoxin) was determined at different consumption rates.
Results. In the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, the species composition of plum fruit pests is represented by black plum trach (Hoplocampa minuta Christ.), plum moth (Grapholitha funebrana Tr.) and thick-skinned weevil (Eurytoma schreineri Schr.). The most numerous and harmful species in 2021—2022 was the black plum borer, and in 2023 — the plum moth.
Conclusions. Mospilan RP, Proclaim, 5 SG, v.g. and Bitoxibacillin-BTU® in plum plantations provided a decrease in the number of fruit-damaging pests, which made it possible to obtain higher-grade products. The technical efficiency was: for plum trach — 78.5—88.5%, plum moth — 81.0—85.0, and the weevil — 73.0—79.0%. During the years of research, all preparations showed the lowest effectiveness against plum borer.
CIRURGIA GUIADA EM IMPLANTODONTIA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Samara de Freitas Guimarães  , Leydiane de Mello Cruz  , Dáffyne Kelly Silva Costa Oliveira  , Glayce Maria Serra Lima  , Jéssica Alves Marinho  , Maria Vitória de Souza Menezes  , Edluziana Guedes de Oliveira Pinto  , Welaynne Lohana Assad Teixeira Matos  , Amanda Gonçalves Franco  , Marco Túllio Becheleni  
Published: April 2024

Devido a necessidade de instalação ideal dos implantes novas perspectivas surgiram com a cirurgia assistida por computador que é classificada em estática e dinâmica. A cirurgia guiada estática se caracteriza por utilizar um guia cirúrgico que tem como objetivo reproduzir a posição virtual ideal do implante, por meio de sítios criados para a inserção de uma série de brocas de acordo com a trajetória pré-estabelecida pelo planejamento digital. O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre cirurgia guiada estática em implantodontia, demonstrando sua importância, vantagens, desvantagens, limitações e complicações em comparação com a técnica convencional. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura de natureza exploratória, realizada durante o período de agosto de 2021 e maio de 2022, a partir das produções científicas indexadas na base eletrônica da PubMed. Um total de 13 estudos foram incluídos após a seleção e suas evidências foram reunidas para esclarecer os objetos propostos. Os estudos selecionados demostraram que uma das principais vantagens da técnica guiada estática é a precisão em relação a técnica convencional e melhor pós-operatório de dor relatado pelos pacientes. É importância destacar que não se não pode confiar totalmente no processo de produção dos guias, devido o fator experiencia está associado, além que o custo e tempo dessa produção são elevados. Como complicação e limitação os estudos citam possibilidades de ocorrer mínimo acesso ao sítio cirúrgico e fratura do guia. A cirurgia guiada pode ser uma excelente alternativa, as vantagens mais citadas são em relação a precisão, redução da dor, no entanto há fatores negativos como custo, a impossibilidade de mudança no transoperatório e possíveis erros de fabricação. Existem ainda limitações como fratura da guia e baixo acesso ao sítio cirúrgico.