bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A mechanical arm for spatial registration of two‐dimensional echocardiographic sections
Authors: Geiser Edward A. , Christie Leonard G. , Conetta Donald A. , Conti C. Richard , Gossman, Gary S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe accurate calculation of left ventricular (LV) wall motion from two‐dimensional echocardiographs will require the accurate registration of the position from which each two‐dimensional (2‐D) view was obtained. This paper describes a mechanical arm with five degrees of freedom that was developed so that the position and orientation of 2‐D echo sections could be calculated in three‐dimensional space. High precision potentiometers, direct or gear driven, permit calibration and measurement of each of the five movements. Using the length of the arm and the angles measured by these potentiometers, the position of a 2‐D section can be calculated with respect to a fixed reference point outside the body. The measurement arm was extensively retested after six months of clinical use. In patient studies, 95% confidence interval for positioning a cross‐section of the long axis is ± 6 mm. This error is similar to the cross‐plane resolution of most contemporary two‐dimensional transducers. On the basis of an extensive analysis of variance, recommendations are made to improve the accuracy of the arm.
Cardiac perforation with tamponade during cardiac catheterization
Authors: Gehl Leonard , Iskandrian Abdulmassih S. , Goel Inder , Mintz Gary S. , Kimbiris Demetrios , Bemis Charles E. , Mundth Eldred D. , Segal Bernard L 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAmong 6,675 adult patients undergoing cardiac catheterization in our institution, three patients developed cardiac perforation and tamponade (incidence 0.04%). Two perforations involved the left atrium, and one the right atrium. Tamponade developed in the three patients. Hemodynamic confirmation of tamponade was available in two patients. Pericardiocentesis was performed in all three patients. Two patients required emergency surgery. All patients recovered.
New technique for retrograde left heart catheterization in aortic stenosis
Authors: Baur Hans R. , Mruz Gerald L. , Erickson David L. , Vantassel Robert L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractRetrograde catheterization of the left ventricle in patients with aortic stenosis is frequently difficult and occasionally impossible. We have developed a new technique to facilitate this problem.A standard #8 “pigtail” catheter is preformed with a 145° angle 7 cm from the catheter tip. With this catheter in the ascending aorta, the preformed angle lifts the catheter tip leftward and superiorly, allowing a straight guidewire a direct approach to the orifice of the stenotic aortic valve. Utilizing this technique, we were able to cross the stenotic aortic valve in 26‐29 consecutive patients with isolated aortic stenosis (mean gradient ± 0.22 cm2, mean fluoroscopy time for crossing: 32 ± 40 seconds). The 145° angle also lifts the catheter off the posterior wall of the left ventricle and allows a more parallel alignment of the catheter with the long axis of the left ventricle, leading to a more stable position with less ventricular dysrhythmias during angiography. Thus a preformed angle in the “pigtail” catheter facilitates crossing of the stenotic aortic valve and produces a more stable position in the left ventricle.
Rapid assessment of ventricular function in acute volume overload using opaque myocardial markers
Authors: Santamore William P. , Bove Alfred A. , Philips Charles M. , Monster Vim 
Published: March 2007

AbstractRadiopaque markers, implanted in the myocardium, have been used to analyze ventricular function. However, the inordinate time involved in measuring marker motion limited widespread use. This work describes the application of a marker recognition system, which provides automatic recording and storage of marker locations. Use of the system was demonstrated by repeated measurements of ventricular performance in a canine model of acute volume overload.
Fixed vs nonfixed coronary stenosis: The response to a fall in coronary pressure in a canine model
Authors: Schwartz Jeffrey S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe resistance of a coronary stenosis capable of passive vasomotion may change in response to alterations in intraluminal pressure. We studied the effects of a fall in perfusion pressure on the hemodynamics of two types of coronary stenosis in 12 open chest dogs: (1) a stenosis produced by placing a soft wire snare around the artery, and (2) a stenosis that was fixed in severity, produced by introducing and tying a short section of hollow plastic tubing into the coronary artery. Aortic pressure, coronary pressure proximal and distal to the stenosis, and coronary flow were measured. Pressure in the stenotic artery was lowered by tightening a snare placed very proximally on the artery. In arteries with a snare stenosis, lowering proximal coronary pressure by a mean of 31 mm Hg caused a rise in stenosis resistance from 0.86 ± 0.06 to 1.38 ± 0.14 units (p < 0.001). However, in arteries with a fixed plastic stenosis, lowering the proximal coronary pressure by a mean of 30 mm Hg caused a fall in stenosis resistance from 0.36 ± 0.04 to 0.21 ± 0.03 units (p < 0.001). The increase in resistance of the snare stenoses as pressure was lowered may be attributed to passive narrowing of the stenotic segment, suggesting that these stenoses were not fixed in severity. However, the fixed plastic stenoses did not show an increase in resistance as pressure fell because the tubing was not capable of passively narrowing. Therefore, the hemodynamics of a coronary stenosis depend importantly on the type of stenosis that is present and whether it is capable of vasomotion.
The myocardial oxygen supply/demand ratio in patients with and without coronary artery disease
Authors: Dehmer Gregory J. , Winniford Michael D. , Hillis L. David , Markham Roy V. , Firth Brian G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis study was performed to assess the relationship between coronary sinus blood flow (by thermodilution) and myocardial oxygen demand (heart rate‐systolic arterial pressure double product) during atrial pacing in patients with and without coronary artery disease. In 11 individuals with coronary artery disease, pacing was performed to ischemia, as reflected by electrocardiographic changes or lactate production; 8 patients without coronary artery disease served as controls. Coronary sinus blood flow (in ml/min) was similar for the two groups at rest. However, the increase in coronary blood flow from rest to peak pacing was less (P = 0.025) in those with coronary artery disease (50 ± 26 ml/min) than in controls (79 ± 26 ml/min). The ratio of coronary sinus blood flow to double product was the same at rest in both groups (11.1 ± 2.2 × 10−3 controls, 11.6 ± 2.7 × 10−3 coronary artery disease; NS). At peak pacing, it was unchanged in the controls (10.4 ± 2.0 × 10−3) but fell in those with coronary artery disease (9.0 ± 2.5 × 10−3; P = 0.002). The aortic‐coronary sinus oxygen content difference was similar at rest in both groups and did not change in response to pacing in either group. Thus, in response to augmented myocardial oxygen demand, patients without coronary artery disease have an appropriate increase in coronary blood flow and myocardial oxygen supply, while in those with coronary artery disease who develop ischemia the increment in myocardial blood flow (and oxygen supply) is inappropriately low.
Thrombolysis in an aortocoronary saphenous vein graft
Authors: Smuckler Alan L. , Rufty Alfred J. , Headley Robert N. , Welbourne Rebecca 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSelective intracoronary infusion of streptokinase during the acute phase of myocar‐dial infarction may reduce myocardial necrosis. Thrombolytic therapy of acute myocardial infarction has been primarily applied to the native coronary circulation. We are reporting successful thrombolysis in an aortocoronary saphenous vein graft 39 months after bypass surgery. Thrombosis may have developed as a complication of catheterization, and streptokinase may also prove useful in the reversal of thrombosis in this setting.
Transluminal coronary angioplasty of the right coronary artery brachial cutdown approach
Authors: Krajcer Zvonimir , Boskovic Dejan , Angelini Paolo , Leatherman Louis L. , Springer Arthur , Leachman Robert D. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTransluminal coronary angioplasty (TCA) of the right coronary artery (RCA) was performed by brachial cut‐down approach in 33 patients during a period of 16 months. Flexible‐tip guiding catheters were used in all cases. TCA was successful in 27 of 33 patients (81%). The stenosis was reduced in successful cases from a mean of 89% predilatation to 26% postdilatation (P < 0.001). The systolic pressure gradient across the lesion was reduced from a mean of 49 mm Hg to 4 mm Hg (P < 0.001). Following successful TCA, patients experienced marked improvement in clinical status, functional capacity, and relief of angina. The complication rate In this study was low. There was no early or late mortality. The most common complication was dissection of the coronary artery occurring in four cases (12%). One patient sustained an acute inferior myocardial infarction. Only one patient required emergency coronary artery bypass surgery. The late follow‐up (mean 6 months) anglography was obtained in 17 patients. The stenosis recurred in late follow‐up in three cases (18%). Our initial experience revealed that the use of softer guiding catheters by brachial technique offers more selective approach for TCA of RCA lesions and provides better results than percutaneous femoral approach with fixed‐tip catheters. Our success rate of 81% for dilatation of RCA is significantly higher than previously reported.
Clinical significance of the double silhouette in the septal side in left anterior oblique cine left ventriculograms
Authors: Takatsu Fumimaro , Osugi Junichi , Nagaya Teruo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe clinical significance of a line often visible in left ventriculograms performed in the left anterior oblique position was analyzed. This line runs inside the free border of the septal silhouette, and occasionally displays a movement completely different from that of the border. Analysis of ventricuiograms of 189 patients with single‐vessel disease suggested that the movement of this line reflects the contractile state of the left ventricular myocardium near the posterior interventricular groove, supplied by the right coronary or circumflex artery. Evaluation of this line may be useful for a more complete assessment of left ventricular function in patients with ischemic heart disease.
Cardiac amyloidosis masquerading as constrictive pericarditis
Authors: Kern Morton J. , Lorell Beverly H. , Grossman William 
Published: March 2007

AbstractCardiac amyloidosis cannot always be differentiated from constrictive pericarditis even after careful review of the clinical, laboratory, and hemodynamic data prior to pericardial exploration. This case report underscores the necessity of precise histologic examination for cardiac amyloidosis in all suspected cases of constrictive pericarditis at the time of pericardiectomy.
Method for computation of cardiac output in mitral stenosis independent of left ventricular dimensions and kinetic state: Correlation with cardiac catheterization via the fick method
Authors: Seitz W. , Spiel M. , Edmiston W. , Miller F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAn hydraulic orifice formula offering the possibility of quantifying cardiac output in conditions of mitral stenosis is tested using potentially noninvasive portions of catheterization data from patients evaluated for obstructive mitral valve disease. The equation studied is V = (1/21) R A T2, where V is the cardiac output (mi/min), R is the heart frequency, A is the mitral valve area (cm2), and T is the diastolic filling interval (sec/min). The mitral valve area was determined by the Gorlin formula, and R and T were measured from the pressure tracings recorded at cardiac catheterization. The degree of correspondence between the equation tested and the measured cardiac output as determined by the Fick principle technique is characterized by r = 0.87, SE = 450 mi/min, N = 10. The results suggest that the new formulation may offer a noninvasive method for estimating the cardiac output status of patients with mitral valve disease once mitral valve area is measured either at catheterization or by two‐dimensional echocardiography.
Noninvasive evaluation of a left ventricular pseudoaneurysm: Complementary role of echocardiographic and nuclear techniques
Authors: Ptacin Michael J. , Bamrah Virinderjit S. , Wann Lee S. , Olinger Gordon N. , Singh Rajinder 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis 45‐year‐old white male was evaluated for congestive heart failure initially ascribed to a rapidly progressive cardiomyopathy. Both radionuclide ventriculography and echocardiography correctly identified a left ventricular pseudoaneurysm as the cause for heart failure. Thallium‐201 scintigraphy, by demonstrating a large perfusion defect, suggested a large ostium of the pseudoaneurysm. Following resection of the false aneurysm, a Dacron prosthesis was required to close a large posterior wall defect. We conclude that both radionuclide ventriculography and echocardiography can independently demonstrate a left ventricular pseudoaneurysm. The combined noninvasive approach is able to delineate various anatomical aspects of the pseudoaneurysm and help in planning adequate surgical intervention.
Nonpenetrating traumatic complete heart block and myocardial infarction with normal coronaries: A case report with review of the literature
Authors: Kennedy Willard J. , Sridharan Marandapalli R. , Flowers Nancy C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA case of transient complete heart block and lateral wall myocardial infarction secondary to nonpenetrating chest trauma is presented. Lack of any associated cardiac lesions is an interesting feature of this case report. Proposed criteria for heart block secondary to trauma and difficulty in making the diagnosis of myocardial infarction secondary to trauma due to lack of appropriate “gold standard” are discussed.
Consumptive coagulopathy secondary to a groin hematoma: An unusual complication of percutaneous transfemoral catheterization
Authors: Murdaco Francis , Auerbach Michael , Berdoff Russell L. , Goldberg Emanuel 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAn unusual case of consumptive coagulopathy due to hematoma formation, which occurred as a local complication of percutaneous transfemoral coronary arteriography, is reported. To our knowledge, this entity has not been reported in previous series. Prompt recognition of the syndrome through appropriate laboratory tests and early surgical intervention is indicated.
New method: Calculation of magnification factor from an intracardiac marker
Authors: Cha Se Do , Incarvito John , Maranhao Vladir 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn order to calculate a magnification factor (MF), an intracardiac marker (pigtail catheter with markers) was evaluated using a new formula and correlated with the conventional grid method. By applying the Pythagorean theorem and trigonometry, a new formula was developed, which is

In an experimental study, MF by the intracardiac markers was 0.71 ± 0.15 (M ± SD) and one by the grid method was 0.72 ± 0.15, with a correlation coefficient of 0.96. In patients study, MF by the intracardiac markers was 0.77 ± 0.06 and one by the grid method was 0.77 ± 0.05. We conclude that this new method is simple and the results were comparable to the conventional grid method at mid‐chest level.
Left ventricular and aortic catheterization and angiography via a patent ductus arteriosus: A new technique
Authors: Mardini Mohamed K. , Rao P. Syamasundar 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new “transductal” technique of aortic arch and left ventricular angiography in patients with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is described by introducing the catheter to the aortic arch from the pulmonary artery via the PDA. Over a 4‐year period, 44 infants and children with complicated PDA underwent cardiac catheterization with this technique at our institution. Twenty‐five of the 30 in the group with PDA alone and 12 of 14 in the group with associated cardiac defects had successful aortic arch catheterization and angiography, an 84% success rate. No complications were encountered during the procedure. The technique offers a safe alternative to retrograde arterial catheterization in patients with PDA who have other associated lesions.
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of a large septal artery
Authors: Comazzi James L. , Jang Geun C. , Marsa Robert J. , Willis William H. , Anderson Donald L. , Wareham Ellsworth E. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA severely stenotic, large‐caliber, first septal artery was successfully dilated in a patient with refractory angina and nonsurgical, multivessel coronary artery disease. The success of this dilatation was related to favorable coronary anatomy and to the availability of a guidewire‐directed dilatation catheter. Septal artery stenosis with or without surgically accessible stenoses in other coronary vessels represents a potential indication for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.
Angiographic identification of primary coronary anomalies causing impaired myocardial perfusion
Authors: Donaldson R. M. , Raphael M. , Radley‐Smith R. , Yacoub M. H. , Ross D. N. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe origin and early branching of the coronary arteries is fairly constant. Anomalous origin of the coronary arteries, which produced significant abnormalities of myocardial perfusion, were documented in 13 adult patients undergoing investigation because of chest pain. All underwent surgical treatment with relief of the presenting symptoms. They can be divided into four groups: (1) Origin of the left anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery (LCA) from the pulmonary artery (PA) (three cases); (2) origin of the LCA from the anterior sinus. Acute angulation of the ostium and compression of the intramural segment of this coronary produced severe myocardial ischaemia in three patients. (3) Origin of the LCA from the right coronary artery with its proximal segment closely related to the noncoronary sinus (one patient) in whom relief of symptoms was obtained by surgery. (4) Origin of the LCA from the PA with reversal of coronary flow and left to right shunting (six patients). It is concluded that anomalies of the origin of the coronary arteries are rare, but can produce specific clinicopathological entities that can be diagnosed with confidence and corrected surgically. Moreover, the study emphasises the need for angiographic awareness of these coronary anomalies, even in adult patients in whom atherosclerotic disease would be the most likely finding at cardiac catheterisation.
Provocative ergonovine testing in patients without obstructive coronary disease
Authors: Carabello Blase A. , Gash Arnold K. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractErgonovine administration during coronary angiography is frequently used to rule out coronary spasm as a cause of chest pain. We performed this study to determine which electrocardiographic variables (other than ST segment elevation with pain) and which chest pain characteristics might be predictive of ergonovine test outcome in patients without obstructive coronary disease.Thirty‐one patients had an electrocardiogram recorded during chest pain. Three of four patients (75%) who had an ischemic electrocardiogram with pain had a positive ergonovine test while only 1 of 27 (4%) patients who had a nonischemic electrocardiogram during chest pain had a positive ergonovine test (p < 0.001)Pain that occurred predominantly at rest was present in five of five patients with positive ergonovine tests but pain occurring predominantly at rest was also present in 76% of patients with negative ergonovine tests (85%). Prompt relief of pain with nitroglycerine was also present in all patients with a positive ergonovine test but was also seen in 58% of patients with a negative test (NS). Association of chest pain with nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis, or radiation to left arm, jaw or neck were similarly poor predictors of ergonovine test outcome.We conclude that ergonovine testing in patients without obstructive coronary disease is of low yield if an electrocardiogram recorded during pain does not show evidence of ischemia. Historical features of the chest pain are not good predictors of test outcome.
Noninvasive ergonovine maleate provocative testing for coronary artery spasm: The need for routine thallium‐201 imaging
Authors: Shanes Jeffrey G. , Krone Ronald J. , Fisher Keith , Shah Bharat , Eisenkramer Gail , Humphrey Jane R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe administered ergonovine and used both electrocardiographic monitoring and thallium‐201 [201TI] imaging to detect reversible ischemia in 100 patients. Patients already established as having coronary artery spasm and those with nonbypassed, proximal, high‐grade coronary artery stenosis were excluded. No complication occurred in any patient. The use of thallium imaging in addition to electrocardiographic monitoring resulted in a higher degree of sensitivity than did ECG monitoring alone. Fourteen patients demonstrated evidence of coronary artery spasm as documented by 201TI imaging but of the 14, significant ECG changes occurred in only 50%, and classic ST segment elevation in 21%. Thus, in carefully selected patients the noninvasive provocation of coronary spasm can be accomplished safely, but ECG monitoring must be combined with thallium‐201 imaging to achieve an acceptable degree of sensitivity.
Cardiac rupture following intracoronary streptokinase
Authors: Vasilomanolakis Emmanuel C. , Famularo Michael A. , Kozlowski Jay , Schrager Bernard , Licht James R. , Ellestad Myrvin H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThrombolytic dissolution of coronary artery thrombus has added new dimensions to early myocardial infarction treatment. Reperfusion via streptokinase infusion has been shown to be beneficial; however, adverse effects are being noted. We present the case of a patient so treated who subsequently developed left ventricular free wall rupture.
Pulmonary arteriography through patent ductus arteriosus with preformed catheters
Authors: Momma Kazuo , Nakazawa Makoto , Satomi Gengi , Chon Yong , Takao Atsuyoshi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSelective pulmonary arteriography was performed successfully with new preformed catheters in eight consecutive patients with pulmonary atresia or severe stenosis and patent ductus arteriosus. The catheters were inserted percutaneously into the femoral artery and passed into the patent ductus arteriosus very easily within a few minutes. Pulmonary arteriography was performed with biplane cineangiography. All eight patients showed either stenosis or secondary atresia in the central pulmonary artery. The obstructive lesions occurred at the junction of either a patent ductus arteriosus or a surgically anastomosed subclavian artery.
Coexistent mitral stenosis and dynamic left ventricular outflow obstruction
Authors: Gash Arnold K. , Ferri Donald P. , Kolff Jacob , Carabello Blase A. , Spann James F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA 66‐year‐old female with known mitral stenosis presented with symptoms of progressive pulmonary congestion. Concomitantly, subvalvular left ventricular outflow obstruction was suspected clinically and both lesions were confirmed at cardiac catheterization. At operation, marked septal hypertrophy and rheumatic mitral stenosis were observed, the mitral valve was replaced, and a septal myomectomy was performed.