bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Projective tensor products where every element is norm-attaining
Authors: García-Lirola Luis C. , Guerrero-Viu Juan , Rueda Zoca Abraham 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper we analyse when every element of

$$X{\widehat{\otimes }}_\pi Y$$

X

⊗
^

π

Y

attains its projective norm. We prove that this is the case if X is the dual of a subspace of a predual of an

$$\ell _1(I)$$

ℓ
1

(
I
)

space and Y is 1-complemented in its bidual under approximation property assumptions. This result allows us to provide some new examples where X is a Lipschitz-free space. We also prove that the set of norm-attaining elements is dense in

$$X{\widehat{\otimes }}_\pi Y$$

X

⊗
^

π

Y

if, for instance,

$$X=L_1(\mu )$$

X
=

L
1

(
μ
)

and Y is any Banach space, or if X has the metric

$$\pi $$

π

-property and Y is a dual space with the RNP.
A quantitative model of hierarchical product design
Authors: Wöhr Ferdinand , Königs Simon , Stanglmeier Max , Zimmermann Markus 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Analysing hierarchical design processes is difficult due to the technical and organizational dependencies spanning over multiple levels. The V-Model of Systems Engineering considers multiple levels. It is, however, not quantitative. We propose a model for simulating hierarchical product design processes based on the V-Model. It includes, first, a product model which structures physical product properties in a hierarchical dependency graph; second, an organizational model which formalizes the assignment of stakeholder responsibility; third, a process model which describes the top-down and bottom-up flow of design information; fourth, an actor model which simulates the combination of product, organization and process by using computational agents. The quantitative model is applied to a simple design problem with three stakeholders and three separate areas of responsibility. The results show the following phenomena observed in real-world product design: design iterations occur naturally as a consequence of the designers’ individual behaviour; inconsistencies in designs emerge and are resolved. The simple design problem is used to compare point-based and interval-based requirement decomposition quantitatively. It is shown that development time can be reduced significantly by using interval-based requirements if requirements are always broken down immediately.
Kymry, Walenses, Brytaniaid, Britones: Naming the Welsh in the Middle Ages
Authors: Thomas Rebecca 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article surveys how the Welsh and their territory have been described, from the early Middle Ages to the present. It begins by examining the terms used by Welsh writers in the early medieval period, before proceeding to consider English nomenclature and the important shift from Brit(t)ones to Walenses in the twelfth century. This shift is re-examined through the lens of the Vita Griffini, which reveals the political motivations behind the increasing focus on Wales and the Welsh. Despite this development in nomenclature, the island of Britain remained central to the identity of the Welsh. This is evident in vernacular texts, especially poetry, and this article explores the different names used in this context. It concludes with a brief foray into the early modern period, ultimately illustrating the continued relevance and significance of the identities fashioned in the early Middle Ages to writers in subsequent centuries.
The Melakartas and the ‘République Modale’: Naturalizing Indian Scales in French Musical Modernism
Authors: ASIMOV PETER 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe zeal for ‘modality’ in French modernist composition drew sustenance from the Indo-European hypothesis (or ‘Aryan myth’) of a linguistic-turned-‘racial’ patrimony linking India, Greece, and Europe, prevalent in Francophone intellectual, including musicological, discourse. Against this backdrop, the central case study traces how the Karnatic melakarta system of rāga classification travelled from Southern India, via British imperial networks, to French universities and conservatoires, whereupon it found widespread interest among composers and pedagogues including Roussel, Emmanuel, Tournemire, and Dupré. Yet the melakartas’ enduring imprint upon French music is found not simply in the use of individual scales, but in the premise of a fecund ‘modal republic’, inspired by the system’s generative logic and resonant in the rationalized modalism of the 1920s and ’30s, including Messiaen’s ‘modes of limited transposition’. The article concludes by proffering a novel conceptualization of the entanglements between Karnatic and French scale systems (and epistemologies of music) in the early twentieth century.
Factors affecting the impact of Popillia japonica Newman, 1841 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) on grapevine in Northwestern Italy
Authors: Lessio Federico , Lioy Simone , Colombo Michele , Alma Alberto 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The relationships between the Japanese beetle (JB) Popillia japonica Newman, 1841 and the grapevine agroecosystem were investigated in Piedmont in 2020 and 2021, to assess the impact of the species and its distribution within vineyards in relation to the proximity of environmental risk factors. Grubs were sampled by soil coring in the inter-rows of vineyards, whereas both adult beetles and defoliation were counted directly on grapevine plants. The presence of spatial autocorrelation was assessed and the influence of environmental variables (distance from woodlands, meadows and the margin of the vineyard, soil parameters, year of sampling, and year of first detection of the JB) was evaluated through generalized linear mixed models. Beetles and defoliation were more clustered at the edges of vineyards, whereas grubs were localized in few hot spots, generally close to meadows. Spatial autocorrelation was weaker for grubs with respect to adults and defoliation. Grub density depended on distance from meadows, and partially on soil features. Adults abundance was influenced by the proximity to meadows, woodlands, and their presence was clustered at the margin of vineyards. The JBs seem to rely on grapevine mainly as a food source rather than a reproductive site, preferring meadows for egg-laying: therefore, pest management in vineyards should be more focused on adult beetles rather than larvae in the vineyard inter-rows.
Toxocara canis infections in mice: from subtle to severe consequences in 100 weeks
Authors: Bernardová Nicol , Novák Jan , Fan Chia-Kwung , Kolářová Libuše , Chanová Marta 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Toxocara canis is a widespread parasite of canids with a wide range of paratenic hosts, but also one of the overlooked agents causing nervous system infections of humans. Previous experimental infections of mice demonstrated the impact of high infection doses of larvae on neurobehavioral disorders and pathological changes. In contrast to previous studies, we aimed to investigate the long-term (up to 100 weeks) impact of low- to high-dose infection in mice. We focused on their physical condition, motor skills, and the accompanying pathologies in the brain. Three groups of BALB/c mice were infected with 10, 100, and 1000 T. canis larvae/mouse and specific anti-T. canis excretory-secretory antigens immunoglobulin G antibody response, general condition, and motor skills were tested in defined intervals within 100 weeks after infection. The number of larvae in selected organs was assessed and the pathological changes in the brain were studied histologically. As a result, subtle to severe impairments in general condition and motor skills were detected, with generally earlier onsets occurring the higher the infection dose was. The specific immunoglobulin G antibody levels corresponding to the infection dose were detected in all infected groups. Necrosis, cellular infiltrations, and foamy cells developed in moderate- and high-infection dose mice, in contrast with hemorrhages detected in all groups. This study demonstrated the long-term negative impact of T. canis infection on the paratenic host, particularly at moderate and high infectious doses. Although pathological changes in the brain were observed even in low-infection dose mice, their physical and motor condition was comparable to the control group.
Cuban-style Salsa: Intersections of Tourism-led Entrepreneurship and Dancing Personal Development
Authors: Ana Ruxandra 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis article is an anthropological exploration of the role of dance in tourism-led entrepreneurship and tourism-led mobilities in Cuba. Based on ethnographic research and employing an autoethnographic lens, the article examines the imaginaries and gendered performances of Cubanness that play out in touristic settings as part of dance trips organized on the island for international tourists. Women are the main target audience for these dance programs, which oftentimes reveal the reproduction of racial stereotypes that contributed to the growing popularity of Cuba as a tourist destination. Dance teachers come to establish a broad spectrum of relations that are influenced by inequalities of resources and unequal access to mobility, since it is the (usually) white European and North American dancing tourists who take up space as central dancing figures, co-creating the cultural script that fetishizes Cuban Black bodies, especially in settings such as salsa schools or popular dance venues.
Crossover and Commercial Dance: Race, Class and Capitalism on The Jacksons Variety Show
Authors: Bergman Elizabeth June 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis article argues that “crossover”– a recording artist's movement across the racialized boundaries of commercial music genres and the attainment of a broader consumer base– is central to the history and production logic of the U.S. commercial dance industry. By framing the televised variety show The Jacksons (1976–1977) as a formative production experience for Michael and Janet Jackson and situating it within a genealogy of popular dance on commercial television, I examine how racial and class signifiers were used to appeal to different demographics, highlighting the historical lineages and capitalist foundations of the U.S. commercial dance industry.
Contemporary Dance on Native Land: Indigenous Solidarity in the Choreography of Ananya Dance Theatre
Authors: Williams Alessandra Lebea 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAnanya Dance Theatre generates a framework for “contemporary dance” as choreography which enacts its solidarity with the land of Native peoples. Artistic director Ananya Chatterjea mobilizes her contemporary aesthetic, “Yorchhā,” through the company's alliance with Indigenous peoples’ worldviews on land and water protection, especially through their relations with Dakota and Anishinaabe persons. Dance analysis of the pieces “Moreechika: Season of Mirage” (2012), “Shaatranga: Women Weaving Worlds” (2018), and “Shyamali: Sprouting Words” (2017) shapes contemporary dance through its engagement with Native persons’ caretaking labor for the environment and the position of these relations in the choreography. A practice of humility emerges as the cornerstone of solidarity in contemporary dance due to the necessity for longstanding Native invitation and engagement, Indigenous narratives and embodiment in the dance pieces, and lessons learned from the pitfalls in intersecting techniques such as Ananya Dance Theatre's with Native people's lifeways and knowledges.
Knowledge and perceptions of the southern river otter (Lontra provocax), an elusive endangered species in Tierra del Fuego (Argentina)
Authors: Claverie Alfredo Ñ , Anderson Christopher B , Di Gallo Agustina C , Valenzuela Alejandro EJ 
Published: February 2025

Summary
The elusive southern river otter (Lontra provocax; huillín in Spanish) is critically endangered in the Argentine portion of Tierra del Fuego, and low social awareness may be one of the major threats to its conservation. Our survey of local residents’ knowledge and valuation of the huillín showed that only 14% recognized photographs of the species, almost half did not know that it is endangered and most erroneously thought it was an introduced species. Greater knowledge about the huillín was related to higher respondent education levels. Younger and more knowledgeable residents valued the species more for ecological and relational reasons; its instrumental value was considered least important. More communication should be targeted at older people and groups not directly interacting with nature via informal education methods, including combining positive messages about the huillín and other native species with ongoing outreach efforts warning about biological invasions. Understanding perceptions and valuations of biodiversity can make conservation efforts more effective and inclusive.
Impact of Internal Tides on Distributions and Variability of Chlorophyll‐a and Nutrients in the Indonesian Seas
Authors: Capuano T. A. , Koch‐Larrouy A. , Nugroho D. , Zaron E. , Dadou I. , Tran K. , Vantrepotte V. , Allain D. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractInternal tides (ITs) in the Indonesian Seas were largely investigated and held responsible for strong water mass transformation and intense surface cooling. Here, we evaluate the ITs' impact on chlorophyll‐a through a coupled INDESO ocean‐biogeochemical model which is compared with in situ data and satellite products. The results show that explicit tides' inclusion within the model improves the representation of chlorophyll‐a and nutrients. Previous studies highlighted that tides at spring‐neap cycle cool the surface water by 0.2°C. Our current results show increases of chlorophyll‐a by 0.2 up to 5 × 10−7 mg Chl m−3 (in log10) at ITs' generation sites (Sangihe, Ombai, Banda, and Halmahera Straits) and over the shallow Australian plateau and Java Sea, where barotropic tidal friction is high (Zaron et al., 2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/os‐19‐43‐2023). In addition, maxima of chlorophyll‐a concentration have a spring‐neap tides pulse in good agreement with ocean color images. We use INDOMIX in situ vertical diffusivities in a 1D diffusion model to explain the biogeochemical tracers' transformation within the Halmahera Sea and to estimate the nutrients' turbulent flux. We find an associated increase in new production of ∼25% of the total and an increase in mean chlorophyll‐a of ∼30%. These findings support the idea of enhanced surface mixing capable of providing cold and nutrient‐rich water favorable for the phytoplankton growth. Hence, we confirm the key role of ITs in shaping vertical distribution and variability of chlorophyll‐a, along with nutrients and oxygen, in the Indonesian archipelago at the hotspots of intensified mixing where strong ITs are found.
Merging Recent Mean Sea Surface Into a 2023 Hybrid Model (From Scripps, DTU, CLS, and CNES)
Authors: Laloue A. , Schaeffer P. , Pujol M.‐I. , Veillard P. , Andersen O. , Sandwell D. , Delepoulle A. , Dibarboure G. , Faugère Y. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this paper, we compute a new hybrid mean sea surface (MSS) model by merging three recent models, CNES_CLS22, SCRIPPS_CLS22, and DTU21, and taking advantage of their respective features. The errors associated with these models were assessed using sea level anomalies for wavelengths ranging from 15 to 100 km from Sentinel‐3A (S3A), SWOT KaRIn during its calibration phase and ICESat‐2 in the Arctic ice‐covered regions. The variance of the error associated with this new Hybrid23 MSS is estimated at 0.15 ± 0.04 cm2 with S3A. The greatest improvements observed on S3A sea level anomalies are mainly located in coastal regions and along geodetic structures: on average, the error is reduced by 23% within 200 km along the coast and by 35% in the Indonesian region compared with SCRIPPS_CLS22. Despite these improvements, the MSS error still impacts significantly sea level anomalies computed from altimetry: it explains 15% and 18% of the S3A and SWOT KaRIn respective global variance. It becomes predominant (>30%) if we consider the shorter wavelengths ([15, 30 km]). CNES_CLS15 (Pujol et al., 2018, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017jc013503), older, explains up to 88% of the variance of SWOT KaRIn at these wavelengths. MSS errors have become a major limiting factor to the accuracy of sea level anomalies, and hybridization even adds sub‐mesoscale errors. SCRIPPS_CLS22 and DTU21 also remain better in certain regions of the North Atlantic above 60°N and in Arctic coastal areas. Finally, many efforts are still required to develop the MSS to a new level of precision, which we could soon achieve with SWOT KaRIn during the scientific phase.
Simulation of ULF Wave Modulated Electron Precipitation During the 17 March 2015 Storm
Authors: Patel Maulik , Hudson Mary , Kress Brian , Qin Murong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractUltra Low Frequency (ULF) waves play an important role in radiation belt dynamics, modulation of higher frequency wave modes and energetic particle precipitation. We investigate the effects of ULF waves on electron precipitation using a global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model and a test particle code. ULF waves are simulated using the Lyon‐Fedder‐Mobarry (LFM) global MHD model coupled to the Rice Convection Model with solar wind parameters provided as upstream boundary conditions. The MHD fields are used to trace electron trajectories as test particles in the Dartmouth rbelt3d model (Kress et al., 2007, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JA012218). We simulate the 17 March 2015 storm, the largest geomagnetic storm of Solar Cycle 24 with a Dst of −223 nT, to examine electron precipitation associated with recurring ULF oscillations. The simulation results show that the initial bipolar electric field oscillation observed by Van Allen Probes causes energy dependent electron acceleration and inward radial transport, while the loss cone size increases on the dayside due to magnetopause compression causing precipitation loss across all energies. The subsequent ULF oscillations are more effective in producing precipitation for higher energy electrons that are drift phase bunched due to the initial electric field impulse, with loss continuing to occur on the dusk side where electrons drift in phase with anti‐sunward propagating ULF waves.
Modeling the Magnetospheric 3D X‐Ray Emission From SWCX Using a Cusp‐Magnetosheath Emissivity Model
Authors: Wharton S. J. , Carter J. A. , Sembay S. , Soobiah Y. , Nitti S. , Sun T. R. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA major challenge in solar‐terrestrial physics is to understand the large‐scale dynamics of planetary magnetospheres, such as the motion of the Earth's magnetopause. Currently, a combination of in situ measurements and numerical modeling has been used to address this challenge, but no global imaging has been available. The discovery of soft X‐rays by the solar wind charge exchange (SWCX) process offers an opportunity to image the emitted X‐ray photons. The SMILE mission, due for launch in late 2025, will carry a wide field of view soft X‐ray telescope designed to observe emission from the magnetosheath and cusps. As no emission is expected from within the magnetosphere, it is expected that the magnetopause boundary will be observable from changes in X‐ray intensity across the boundary. Extracting the 3D magnetopause boundary from the 2D X‐ray images is a challenging task and several methods have been developed to model it. One method is to create a 3D emissivity model and adjust its parameters to fit the 2D X‐ray image. In this paper, we develop a Cusp and Magnetosheath Emissivity Model (CMEM) and compare its performance to a previous model that did not include the cusps. We find CMEM has an improved fit to emissivity simulations for a wide range of solar wind densities, but that a poor choice of initial parameters can generate unphysical fits in both models. We propose and verify a method to resolve this that uses the upstream solar wind density to constrain some of the initial parameters.
Drivers of Tropical Cyclone—Induced Ocean Surface Cooling
Authors: Looney Lev B. , Foltz Gregory R. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOcean conditions are known to play a critical role in the intensification of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the relative roles of ocean temperature and salinity stratification for ocean mixing and TC‐induced sea surface temperature (SST) cooling have remained unclear. Furthermore, there has been limited quantification of which factors, in terms of TC characteristics and prestorm ocean state, are the most important in controlling the amount of cooling. To investigate the mechanisms that control the amount of ocean cooling under a TC in the open ocean, we use a one‐dimensional mixed layer model initialized with a variety of realistic oceanic profiles and forced with different simulated tropical cyclones. We then compare our findings to observations and reanalyses. Results consistently show that the thermodynamic effect (changes in the vertical temperature gradient with the density gradient held constant) is 2–3 times that of the mixing effect (changes in density stratification with temperature stratification held constant) and that translation speed and storm size are the two most important factors for SST cooling, followed by temperature stratification. These results emphasize the often overlooked role of storm size, which increases the residence time of high winds. We also investigate the potential predictability of TC‐induced SST cooling using TC and ocean predictors in a linear regression model. It is found that this simple method, trained on observations, performs as well as more complex methods.
The clinical journey of belantamab mafodotin in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: lessons in drug development
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Pralay , Abdullah Hesham A. , Opalinska Joanna B. , Paka Prani , Richards Eric , Weisel Katja , Trudel Suzanne , Mateos Maria-Victoria , Dimopoulos Meletios Athanasios , Lonial Sagar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) have a poor prognosis and a need remains for novel effective therapies. Belantamab mafodotin, an anti–B-cell maturation antigen antibody-drug conjugate, was granted accelerated/conditional approval for patients with RRMM who have received at least 4 prior lines of therapy, based on response rates observed in DREAMM-1/DREAMM-2. Despite the 41% response rate and durable responses observed with belantamab mafodotin in the Phase III confirmatory DREAMM-3 trial, the marketing license for belantamab mafodotin was later withdrawn from US and European markets when the trial did not meet its primary endpoint of superiority for progression-free survival compared with pomalidomide and dexamethasone. This review reflects on key lessons arising from the clinical journey of belantamab mafodotin in RRMM. It considers how incorporating longer follow-up in DREAMM-3 may have better captured the clinical benefits of belantamab mafodotin, particularly given its multimodal, immune-related mechanism of action with responses deepening over time. A non-inferiority hypothesis may have been more appropriate rather than superiority in the context of a monotherapy versus an active doublet therapy. Further, anticipation of, and planning for, non-proportional hazards arising from response heterogeneity may have mitigated loss of statistical power. With the aim of improving the efficacy of belantamab mafodotin, other Phase III trials in the RRMM development program (DREAMM-7 and DREAMM-8) proceeded to evaluate the synergistic potential of combination regimens in earlier lines of treatment. The aim was to increase the proportion of patients responding to belantamab mafodotin (and thus the likelihood of seeing a clear separation of the progression-free survival curve versus comparator regimens). Protocol amendments reflecting DREAMM-3 learnings could also be implemented prospectively on the combinations trials to optimize the follow-up duration and mitigate risk. The wider implications of the lessons learned for clinical research in RRMM and in earlier treatment settings are discussed.