bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERINATAL THYROID FUNCTION IN THE RAT
Authors: Florsheim Warner H. , Faircloth Marjorie A. , Corcorran Nancy L. , Rudko Paul 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Thyroid function in the developing rat was measured during late gestation and the first 3 weeks of life. Radioiodine uptake showed a marked peak immediately after birth. Thyroidal hormone stores dropped to stable levels by the 4th day of life and an increase in hepatic α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity suggested increased hormone secretion about the time of birth. Monoiodotyrosine in the thyroid glands declined sharply just before birth but recovered its prenatal level by the 3rd day of life. The data may indicate a discharge of pituitary TSH at birth followed by a period of pituitary hormone repletion. Hypothalamic influences upon the thyroid - pituitary axis appear to be of little importance in perinatal life.
OESTROGENS IN VIRILIZING ADRENAL CARCINOMA
Authors: Loutfi George I. , Emerson Kendall 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The urinary excretion of oestrone, 17β-oestradiol and oestriol, together with total phenolic steroids and 17-ketosteroids, were measured in three patients with virilizing adrenal carcinoma before and after removal of the primary tumour and again after the development of functioning metastasis. The patient who excreted chiefly oestrone had a 10-year survival after removal of the original tumour in spite of the presence of metastases, whereas one of the two subjects who excreted predominantly oestriol died within one year after removal of the primary tumour. In the third case the primary tumour was almost completely necrotic at the time of surgery 4 years ago.
Corticotrophin stimulation increased the excretion of the predominant metabolite by the primary tumour, whereas dexamethasone restored a more normal pattern of steroid excretion and reduced the total urinary phenolic steroids. The steroid excretion by the metastases, on the other hand, was not affected by either procedure in 2 cases. In the third patient necrosis and disappearance of liver metastases with a subsequent decrease of urinary steroid excretion was observed following the infusion of corticotrophin.
DYSPLASIA OF THE SELLA TURCICA: CLINICAL AND LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS IN THREE CASES
Authors: Lundberg P. O. , Gemzell Carl 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Three cases are described with no actual sella turcica but only a shallow depression in its place. The name dysplasia is suggested for this as distinct from the term »a small sella« which is used by other authors to describe a clearly definable and normally-shaped sella turcica but which is smaller than average for the patient's age.
Endocrine dysfunction was present in all cases to a varying extent. In the first case hypogonadism, dwarfism, obesity, fronto-temporal baldness, hypothermia and cataract were present.
In the second case hypogonadism, slight obesity and a defective cortisol-ACTH feed-back mechanism were found.
In the third case with the least pronounced dysplasia, the endocrinological investigations only showed frontal baldness and a decreased glucose tolerance.
The EEG was pathological in all cases. Air-encephalography did not show any changes outside the suprasellar region. The patients were neurologically and mentally normal.
ORAL ANABOLIC:ANDROGENIC EVALUATIONS OF FOUR ANABOLIC STEROIDS
Authors: Arnold Aaron , Potts Gordon O. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Four steroids of potential clinical interest were evaluated in rats for anabolic activity by means of nitrogen balance studies and myotrophically for their effect on the growth of the levator ani muscle. The increase in the weight of the ventral prostate was used as an index of their androgenicity.
Under these conditions the nitrogen retention:androgenic and myotrophic:androgenic dissociation ratios were: 17α-methyl-4-chloro-testosterone 0.65:0.12 = 5.4 and 0.32:0.12 = 2.7; 17α-methyl-androst-5-ene-3,17-diol 0.70:0.62 = 1.1 and 0.46:0.62 = 0.7; 17α-methyl-19-nortestosterone 4.6:1.1 = 4.2 and 5.8:1.1 = 5.3; and 1-methyl-androst-1-enolone acetate 0.06:0.15 = 0.004 and 0.72:0.15 = 4.8, respectively. While the nitrogen retention:androgenic and myotrophic:androgenic ratios, in general, are of the same order, it should be noted that there was a marked discrepancy between the nitrogen retention:androgenic and the myotrophic:androgenic ratios for 1-methyl-androst-1-enolone acetate.
ALDOSTERONE STIMULATION IN VITRO
Authors: Müller Jürg 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Tritiated precursors of corticosteroids were incubated with rat adrenal sections. At the end of the incubation, tritium-labelled aldosterone and corticosterone were determined by double isotope dilution procedures.
When corticosterone-[3H], deoxycorticosterone-[3H], progesterone-[3H] or pregnenolone-[3H] were used as substrates, 2–5% of the total radioactivity in the incubation medium could be recovered in the aldosterone fraction, while 20–25% of the latter three substrates were incorporated into corticosterone. Potassium ions, ammonium ions, angiotensin II and ACTH markedly stimulated the biosynthesis of unlabelled aldosterone from endogenous precursors. However, they did not influence the amounts of radioactive substrate converted to aldosterone or corticosterone. NADP and glucose 6-phosphate stimulated both the total production of aldosterone and corticosterone and the conversion of deoxycorticosterone-[3H] and of pregnenolone-[3H] to corticosterone.
Only minute amounts of tritiated cholesterol were converted to corticosteroids. Angiotensin II and ammonium ions significantly stimulated the conversion of cholesterol-[3H] to aldosterone, while ACTH, potassium ions and particularly NADP and glucose 6-phosphate enhanced its incorporation into both aldosterone and corticosterone.
These findings indicate that, like ACTH and NADPH2, monovalent cations and angiotensin act mainly on the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone and do not directly stimulate hydroxylation or dehydrogenation in position 18.
CLINICAL AND STEROID METABOLIC STUDIES IN FOUR SIBLINGS WITH CONGENITAL VIRILIZING ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA
Authors: Hall Kerstin , Hökfelt Bernt 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The present studies were concerned with four siblings suffering from congenital adrenogenital syndrome. Their parents were healthy and not closely related. At first examination the age of the patients varied between 10 and 23 years. They all presented a short stature and marked virilization; blood pressure was normal. All four were genetic females. Three of them were brought up as girls, but one clearly showed male identification. The youngest patient was registered as a boy at birth and brought up as such.
None of the case histories revealed signs of cortisol deficiency in spite of low plasma cortisol and low urinary cortisol metabolites. Plasma ACTH was high. Both plasma cortisol and plasma ACTH probably showed normal diurnal variation. Pregnanetriol was a predominant urinary steroid metabolite. There was no indication of a significant secretion of 11-deoxycortisol.
Under ordinary salt intake, the urinary aldosterone was higher than in normal subjects, possibly in response to the high production of steroids with natriuretic properties. Following treatment with dexamethasone, the urinary aldosterone decreased and so did cortisol tetra-hydro-derivatives, pregnanetriol and pregnanediol, without any influence on sodium balance. Stimulation with ACTH had no effect on aldosterone production, whereas urinary pregnanetriol and pregnanediol increased markedly, concomitant with a tendency to sodium loss. Angiotensin effectively stimulated aldosterone production, whereas rather larger quantities were needed to obtain a blood pressure response.
Plasma testosterone was increased to the levels seen in normal males. Following ACTH there was no further increase in blood testosterone, whereas a marked decrease was seen after dexamethasone.
Urinary oestrogens were rather high before treatment and decreased in two patients during treatment with dexamethasone, concomitant with the appearance of urinary gonadotrophins.
THE EFFECT OF IODOCHLORO-OXYQUINOLINE AND IOPANOIC ACID ON THE DETERMINATION OF PBI AND BEI
Authors: Levin Klas , Josephson Bertil , Grünewald Gunnel 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Our results have confirmed that BEI determination is a more specific method than PBI determination for the estimation of the concentration of thyroxine and other, if any, iodine-containing hormones. Although the administration of iodinated organic compounds sometimes increased the BEI concentration, the latter in this respect was less susceptible than the PBI.
Ingestion of iodochloro-oxyquinoline to a small number of healthy volunteers caused both the PBI and the BEI concentration to reach higher values than could be determined by the methods used. Following discontinuation of intake the BEI level required only one week to return to the normal range; the PBI, however, took several weeks. Administration of iopanoic acid (for cholecystography) caused a much greater and more prolonged increase in PBI than in BEI.
PITUITARY-ADRENAL FUNCTION IN ORAL CONTRACEPTION
Authors: Starup J. , Sele V. , Buus O. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
14 normally menstruating women aged 17 to 29 were treated cyclically with a daily dose of 5 mg of 6-methyl-6-dehydro-17α-acetoxyprogesterone (megestrol acetate) + 0.1 mg of 17α-ethynyl-oestradiol-3-methylether (mestranol) for a period of 3 to 74 weeks. During treatment we found a gradual decrease in the excretion of both 17-ketogenic steroids (17-KGS) and 17-ketosteroids (17-KS). After cessation of treatment, we found a rapid increase to pre-treatment levels in the excretion of both 17-KGS and 17-KS.
The decrease in the output of 17-KGS and 17-KS observed during treatment with megestrol acetate + mestranol might be explained by:
a suppression of the pituitary function a suppression of the adrenal cortical function a change in the metabolism of the corticosteroids.
The purpose of the present investigation was to explore these hypotheses. 8 patients were treated with the above mentioned dose of megestrol acetate + mestranol until the excretion of pituitary gonadotrophins was significantly suppressed. This occurred after a treatment-period of 3 to 10 months. In all 8 patients we determined the responsive to metyrapone before the treatment started and a short time before the treatment was discontinued. During treatment all 8 patients showed a normal response to oral administration of metyrapone. Furthermore, in 6 out of the 8 patients we tested the response of the adrenal cortex to intravenous and intramuscular administration of corticotrophin (ACTH) just before the treatment was discontinued. In all patients a normal ACTH-stimulation test was found. During treatment, the concentration of plasma cortisol was significantly increased to values about 3 times the control values, whereas the concentration of plasma 11-deoxycortisol (compound S) remained unchanged. This high plasma cortisol level during treatment is probably caused by an increased protein-binding of cortisol.
As both the responsive to metyrapone and to ACTH is normal during treatment with megestrol acetate + mestranol, we are of the opinion that the decrease observed in the excretion of 17-KGS and 17-KS is due to a change in the metabolism of the corticosteroids.
POSTPONEMENT OF MENSES, SUPPRESSION OF URINARY GONADOTROPHINS, 17-KGS AND 17-KS IN NORMAL WOMEN TREATED WITH A MEGESTROL ACETATE/MESTRANOL COMBINATION (DELPREGNIN) FROM DAY 20 OF THE CYCLE
Authors: Østergaard E. , Arends J. , Hamburger Chr. , Johnsen Svend G. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Ten normally menstruating women, ranging in age from 19—32, received 5 mg of megestrol acetate plus 0.1 mg of mestranol from day 20 of the cycle daily for 20 days.
Individual 48 h urine collections were obtained from cycle days 7—8, 13—14, 18—19, and from days 9—10 and 19—20 during the treatment. Each 48 h specimen was assayed for »total« gonadotrophins, 17-KGS and fractionated 17-KS. The basal temperature and occurrence of menstruation were noted before, during and after the treatment.
In 7 cases unequivocal suppression of gonadotrophins was observed during the medication period, and all these women had their expected menstruation postponed until after termination of the treatment. The next menstrual cycles were ovulatory and regular in relation to the postponed menstruation. In 3 cases no suppression of gonadotrophins was observed and these same cases had no postponement of menstruation.
The mean excretion of 17-ketogenic steroids and of 17-ketosteroids (total 17-KS, dehydroepiandrosterone, androsterone and aetiocholanolone fractions) in the whole group was significantly depressed at the end of the treatment period.
AUFTRETEN VON KASTRATIONSZELLEN IM HYPOPHYSENVORDERLAPPEN MÄNNLICHER RATTEN NACH BEHANDLUNG MIT EINEM ANTIANDROGEN
Authors: Neumann F. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Following the administration of an androgen-antagonist (1,2α-methylene-6-chloro-pregna-4,6-diene-17α-ol-3,20-dione = cyproterone) to male rats, changes are observed in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland comparable to those which develop following removal of the gonads. The appearance of so called castration cells is very striking, particularly in the periphery, and in the area adjacent to the pars intermedia.
The findings suggest that the androgen-antagonism of cyproterone also manifests itself in those receptors of the sex centre, which regulate the amount of gonadotrophin production and secretion in relation to the production of testosterone. Since endogenous testosterone can no longer exert its inhibitory effect on the sex centre, the sex centre, as in a state of sexual hormone deficiency, reacts by secreting releasing factors for gonadotrophins. Thus those cell elements in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland are stimulated and this leads to the production of gonadotrophin.
EFFECT OF AN ANABOLIC STEROID UPON VARIOUS FRACTIONS OF TISSUE HYDROXYPROLINE IN CORTISONE TREATED RATS
Authors: Kowalewski K. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Anabolic steroid methandrostenolone was tested for its ability to protect the rats against cortisone-induced changes in chemistry of collagen. Extractive chemical study of dermal and hepatic collagen was performed in controls, cortisone treated and in cortisone plus methandrostenolone treated rats. Significant decrease of saline-extractable, insoluble and total hydroxyproline and significant increase of acid-extractable hydroxyproline was found in cortisone treated rats. Most of the fractions of hydroxyproline were found normal in rats treated with both steroids. Protective action of an anabolic steroid against cortisone-induced collagen alterations was demonstrated in this experiment.
DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE EXCRETION IN THE MOTHERS OF MONGOLS
Authors: Stern Margaret I. , Cowie Valerie A. , Coppen Alec 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The urinary excretion of dehydroepiandrosterone was measured in 22 mothers of mongol children born when the mother was less than thirty and in 9 mothers who had borne a mongol child within six months of the collection of their urine for testing.
Contrary to previous reports no difference was found in the urinary excretion of this steroid between these mothers of mongol children and wonen who had borne a normal child.
DETERMINATION OF HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE (HGH) IN PLASMA BY A DOUBLE ANTIBODY RADIOIMMUNOASSAY
Authors: Cerasi E. , Casa L. Della , Luft R. , Roovete A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The double antibody technique of Hales & Randle (1963) for determination of insulin in plasma was developed for the assay of HGH in plasma. The precision and reproducibility of the method as well as the recovery of HGH added to plasma were highly satisfactory. Increased HGH values were obtained in acromegaly and during insulin hypoglycaemia, while decreased values were observed during glucose infusion. Successful treatment of acromegaly was accompanied by the return of plasma HGH levels toward normal.
The plasma HGH values obtained with the present method cannot be considered as reflecting the absolute amounts of HGH, since several factors in the assay procedure, mainly the incubation time and the concentration of HGH antibodies used, markedly influenced the values obtained. It is questioned whether the radioimmunological assay methods for HGH per se give an absolute measure of this hormone in plasma.
STUDIES ON A POSSIBLE ANTIGENIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GONADOTROPHINS AND BLOOD GROUP SUBSTANCES
Authors: Hipkin L. J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Precipitation reactions could not be demonstrated between antisera to human erythrocytes of A, B and O groups and chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG), pregnant mares' serum gonadotrophin (PMS) and animal pituitary follicle stimulating hormone (FSH-P). Blood group activity was present in the gonadotrophin extracts but could not be attributed to the hormone. The blood group substances present in the gonadotrophic extracts caused a low titre of haemagglutinins to appear in potent antigonadotrophic sera. Absorption with A, B and O erythrocytes did not lower the haemagglutination titre of anti-HCG serum when tested against HCG-sensitised cells. The antisera to the erythrocytes did not affect the response to HCG in rats but caused partial inhibition of the effects of HCG, HMG and PMS in mice. The latter result was not thought to be the result of an immunological reaction. It was concluded that gonadotrophins do not possess blood group A, B, or O(H) specificity.
SELECTIVE AND REVERSIBLE INHIBITION OF PROLIFERATION AND INFLUENCE ON METABOLIC FUNCTIONS IN L CELLS BY LOW CORTISOL CONCENTRATIONS
Authors: Seifert R. , Hilz H. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
1 × 10−6 M cortisol produces an immediate block in cell division in L cells (mouse fibroblasts) propagated in suspension culture. Under these conditions no inhibition of metabolic parameters could be observed (except for a partial inhibition of DNA synthesis). Consequently, there is an increase in cell size which is accompanied by an increased DNA content and an elevated capacity of these cells to incorporate sulphate into a sulphopolysaccharide and proline into the protein fraction respectively. The cortisol-induced inhibition of cell proliferation and the increase in cell size are reversible on withdrawal of the hormone from the medium.
EFFECT OF PROPYLTHIOURACIL ON THE IODINATION AND MATURATION OF RAT THYROGLOBULIN
Authors: Simon Claude , Roques Marie , Torresani Janine , Lissitzky Serge 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The effect of propylthiouracil on the maturation of rat thyroglobulin in vivo has been investigated. Newly iodinated thyroglobulin dimer is labile to freezing and thawing. This observation has been used to interpret the findings in the present experiments.
From experiments using rats in isotopic equilibrium with 125I, and treated with propylthiouracil or propylthiouracil and tri-iodothyronine and also given a single injection of 131I, the following conclusions were formulated 1) the appearance of iodinated S12 thyroglobulin monomer is due to the dissociation of labile iodinated thyroglobulin dimer and appears more readily if the dimer is poorly iodinated, 2) uniodinated thyroglobulin dimer is the most probable substrate for iodination in vivo, 3) maturation of thyroglobulin dimer (as shown by increasing sedimentation constant from 16—17 to 19) is accompanied by increasing amounts of iodine in the molecule, 4) it is not possible to say at present if iodination and iodothyronine formation is the cause or the consequence of thyroglobulin dimer maturation, 5) propylthiouracil might inhibit thyroglobulin maturation by decreasing iodine organification.
PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY IN A CASE OF KLINEFELTER'S SYNDROME
Authors: Leon Nelson , Wajchenberg Bernardo Léo , Beçak Willy 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
An 11 year old male with Klinefelter syndrome and precocious puberty showed an XY/XXY/XXXY chromosomal constitution in his peripheral blood. The meiotic non-disjunction considered as responsible for the syndrome is probably of maternal origin as suggested by the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels. It is difficult to decide whether the relationship between the two disorders is casual or not. The effects of longacting progesterone on the patient are described.
ANTAGONISMUS VON TESTOSTERON UND 1,2α-METHYLEN-6-CHLOR-PREGNA-4,6-DIEN-17α-OL-3,20-DION (CYPROTERON) AN DEN DIE GONADOTROPHIN-SEKRETION REGULIERENDEN ZENTREN BEI MÄNNLICHEN RATTEN
Authors: Neumann F. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Following the administration of an androgen antagonist (1,2α-methylene6-chloro-pregna-4,6-diene-17α-ol-3,20-dione = cyproterone) to infantile rats, the inhibitory action of low doses of testosterone propionate, TP (0.003–0.03 mg) on the centers regulating the gonadotrophin secretion can be more or less prevented. The inhibitory action of 0.1 mg testosterone propionate cannot be influenced by 5 mg cyproterone. The direct stimulating action of high TP doses (0.3 mg and 1 mg) on the testes is inhibited by the androgen antagonist.
These results are due to the difference in sensitivity to androgens of the centers regulating the gonadotrophin secretion on the one hand, and of the testes on the other.
DER EINFLUSS VON CORTICOTROPHIN AUF DIE ÖSTROGENAUSSCHEIDUNG IN DER SCHWANGERSCHAFT UND BEI INTRAUTERINEM FRUCHTTOD
Authors: Dässler C.-G. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
In 6 healthy women in late pregnancy the urinary oestriol fraction increased considerably following infusion of 25 IU corticotrophin (ACTH). Oestrone and oestradiol did not rise in a comparable extent. 6 patients with intrauterine foetal death and 3 women in the 10th and 11th week of pregnancy showed no increase of oestriol after ACTH. The results indicate a conversion of ACTH-dependent steroid precursors to oestriol in late pregnancy by the intact foeto-placental unit.
STUDIES ON THE METABOLISM OF C-21 STEROIDS IN THE HUMAN FOETO-PLANCENTAL UNIT
Authors: Palmer R. , Blair J. A. , Eriksson G. , Diczfalusy E. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Human placentas were perfused in situ at midpregnancy with labelled progesterone, 20α-dihydroprogesterone and 20β-dihydroprogesterone and the radioactive material recovered from the placentas and perfusates was analysed.
Placental metabolism of progesterone was rather limited; a small amount was transformed into 20α-dihydroprogesterone and into 6β-hydroxyprogesterone. No conversion into 16α-hydroxyprogesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, deoxycorticosterone, androstenedione, 20β-dihydroprogesterone or pregnanediol was found.
20α-Dihydroprogesterone was extensively converted into progesterone and, to a small extent, into 6β-hydroxyprogesterone. These conversions could not be demonstrated with 20β-dihydroprogesterone.
A scheme is presented describing the placental metabolism of progesterone and of its 20α- and 20β-reduced forms.
PITUITARY HISTOLOGY OF RATS TREATED NEONATALLY WITH STEROID HORMONES
Authors: Maqueo M. , Burt A. , Kind Fred A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Five day old male rats were sterilized by an injection of 250 μg of oestradiol benzoate. Females were treated either with graded doses of testosterone propionate, or 250 μg of oestradiol benzoate. The various cells in the adenohypophysis of 45 day old animals were counted. In both sexes there was an increase in the number of chromophobes and castration cells and decrease of gonadotrops and acidophils. The observed increase in the number of castration cells was much more marked in males than in females.