bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward a Unique Knowledge Base in Nursing
Authors: McMurrey Phoebe Hughes 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis article explores the subject of unique knowledge in nursing by attempting to answer three questions: 1) what is unique knowledge, 2) does nursing have a unique knowledge base, and 3) is a unique knowledge base essential to nursing? It argues that knowledge becomes unique because of the unique perspective of the discipline in which that knowledge is incorporated. A survey of various attempts to define the unique focus of nursing is followed by a discussion of the importance of such a definition if nursing is to establish itself as a professional discipline.
Battered Women: A Health Care Problem In Disguise
Authors: Drake Virginia Koch 
Published: October 2007

SummaryThis writer recommends that scholarly research studies be conducted on the topic of battered women, children of battered women, and the batterers with the hope that effective interventions can be developed or identified for use by nurses and other members of the health care team working to help these damaged human beings. A goal is to gain and test new knowledge which would contribute to an expanding body of nursing science. The ultimate goal of this work is succinctly stated by Maslow (1968): “Improving individual health is one approach to making a better world” (p. 6).
A Constant ComDarative Method for Teaching Research Critiquing to Baicalau reate Nursing Students
Authors: Mallick M. Joan 
Published: October 2007

SummaryThe essence of the constant comparative method is the use of four research articles, each on the same topic, which are read repeatedly by students throughout the research course. By the completion of the course students have read all portions of all four reports and have evaluated their adequacy both individually and as compared to other studies.The constant comparative method is used in introductory nursing research courses for baccalaureate students. The goal of developing competent consumers is introduced early in the course, and its value to nursing practice is stressed.
A Delphi Application Health Care, Practice, Education and Education Administration; Circa 1992
Authors: Hill Barbara A. Snyder 
Published: October 2007

AbstractExploration of the future is an essential component of effective long‐range planning. Navigating the change process is the anticipated object. The author used the Delphi technique to identify the probable future events in health care and in nursing practice, education, and education administration. Concomitant strategies required by nursing education administrators to manage future programs are identified.
Meta‐Analysis: A Perspective for Research Synthesis
Authors: Smith Mary Colette , Naftel David C. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA review of the literature is an important early step in the scientific process. Metaanalysis is a methodology that increases the objectivity in a synthesis of the results from the research literature. It is the application of research and statistical techniques, which are employed in objective primary research to the analysis of a collection of studies. Meta‐analysis provides a method of step‐by‐step defining, collecting, coding, quantifying, synthesizing, analyzing, interpreting, and reporting information from a collection of research studies. The unit of inquiry is the study. This review provides an introduction to meta‐analysis and a summary of the methodology in a metaanalysis as well as evaluations of meta‐analysis by other authors.
Research Methodology: Epistemologic Considerations
Authors: Smith Mary Colette 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe selection of research methodology originates in assumptions regarding the nature of the phenomena under investigation, the appropriate means of inquiry regarding the phenomena, and the subject matter and end results sought. Consideration of constructivist methodology, with a focus on first degree constructs in the minds of participants in problem situations, is recommended as appropriate to inquiry into the phenomena of nursing.
Evaluating the Use of the Basic Knowledge Assessment Tool (BKAT) in Critical Care Nursing with Baccalaureate Nursing Students
Authors: Toth Jean C. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn this study the Basic Knowledge Assessment Tool (BKAT) was administered to 38 senior baccalaureate nursing students prior to and following a course in critical care nursing to evaluate the reliability of the tool in measuring knowledge in critical care.Results from the study indicate that the BKAT is a valid and reliable measure of knowledge in critical care nursing in the sample studied and possibly in similar samples, and part of that knowledge is basic nursing knowledge, and the B U T measures learning. A comparison group of 73 nurses with from 1 to greater than 6 years of experience in critical care nursing had statistically significant higher scores on the BKAT than did the students. This finding is consistent with that of previous research. However, findings from the study also indicate that senior nursing students have some critical care knowledge to bring to the employment situation following graduation.The BKAT is regarded as an instrument that can assist nursing educators in schools of nursing to evaluate courses in critical care nursing and educators in the clinical setting to evaluate orientation programs. Indications also exist that the BKAT can be used as a tentative bench mark in narrowing the expectancy gap between what is learned by students and what nurse managers expect new graduates to know.
Curology: A Basic Science Related to Nursing
Authors: Vredevoe Donna L. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBasic sciences focus on specific types of variables. At present nursing must draw from a number of sciences to create the variables and measurements for research. It is proposed that the cluster of variables needed to advance nursing research is so unique that a new basic science should be developed to study the integration of the variables prior to application in studies of patient care. Curology would be that science. Nursing is thus unusual among professions in that it must generate its own basic science as well as applied science. This is a result of the unusual clusters of interacting variables that come into play in the science of care.This paper is intended to provide a framework for thought about a basic science of variables related to patient care. Some ideas are suggested as beginning points for future development.
Overview of Health and Services in Taiwan, ROC
Authors: Lin Mei‐Yuan (Wang) 
Published: October 2007

SummaryThe purpose of health and medicine of course is the elimination of disease and the prolongation of life expectancy. It also includes the improvement of the health of individuals and thus to make it possible for everyone to attain the status of physical, mental, and social well‐being and to lead a happy and healthy life. To reach these goals, we are planning, implementing, evaluating, and improving our health programs through organized efforts with the active participation of each citizen.Today there is a demand for higher quality care in both the clinical and community health care settings. Therefore well‐educated, better‐prepared nurses are in demand. To upgrade the quality of nurses, the nursing education system should be simplified and raised to college level. The nurse who participates in the profession should maintain competence in nursing. Fortunately, our Chinese nurses who participate in the profession are making an effort to implement and improve the standards of nursing to meet the health needs of the public.
An Ethical Dilemma
Authors: Miya Pamela A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis case study illustrating an unethical research practice represents one of the many ethical dilemmas that faculty members may encounter. A moral judgment and action process is used in the analysis of the conflict between the duties of a faculty member, who is a/so in the nursing profession, and her duties to a friend and colleague. Ethical issues are clearly identified and analyzed in terms of two normative ethical theories. Systematic analysis of an ethical issue enhances the identification and resolution of ethical situations. Concluding recommendations for faculty members are offered.The author gratefully acknowledges Dr. Ruth B. Purtilo for her careful review of this manuscript. Any resemblance of this case study and its characters to an actual situation is purely coincidental.
Collaboration: Couples Working Together To Manage Chronic Illness
Authors: Corbin Juliet M. , Strauss Anselm L. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractManagement of chronic illness by couples, within the context of their lives, has the potential to become problematic, especially if the illness is severe. Working together collaboratively appears to be one way that some couples are able to prevent, resolve, or circumvent problems and go on to do the illness and biographic work that is necessary to manage both the illness and their lives. This paper explores what collaboration is, how it works, and what happens when it breaks down. It also offers a three‐step program for nursing intervention in cases where collaboration has either broken down or never existed.
Pediatric Dismissal Protocol to Aid the Transition from Hospital Care to Home Care
Authors: Kruger Susan , Rawlins Patrice 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe effectiveness of a written Home Instruction Sheet was studied for increase of knowledge and follow‐through of home instructions. Verbal home instructions were given to 34 parents of children being dismissed from a pediatric unit. In addition, a written Home Instruction Sheet was given to 33 parents. The instruction sheet contained five categories of instructions: physician's visit, diet, activity, medication regime, and special instructions. After four days the parents were interviewed with a follow‐up phone call questionnaire. The responses of the parents who received the written Home Instruction Sheet were significantly more accurate in three of five major categories of questions: that is, physician's visit, diet instructions, and special instructions (p <.05). Knowledge in the category of activity instructions approached significance at a level of.06. Knowledge in medication regimes was not significant.In the categories of physician's visit and diet instructions, there was a significantly greater level of positive responses for follow‐through of home instructions from the parents who received the written Home Instruction Sheet than from those parents who received verbal instructions. The responses to the follow‐through of home care demonstrated no significant difference in three of the five categories: activity instructions, medication regime, and special instructions. These findings suggest that written home instructions can assist parents/families in their accuracy of knowledge and follow‐through of home instructions.
Nursing Diagnosis in Perspective: Response to a Critique
Authors: Kritek Phyllis B. 
Published: October 2007

SummaryAs noted above, I have attempted to respond to Shamansky and Yanni's critique of nursing diagnosis. This has included an identification of some critical assumptions that underlie their work, the contexting of their arguments in the history of scientific discovery, and a listing of various misconceptions and distortions concerning nursing diagnosis.I have concluded that the authors' basic premise was a desire to eliminate rather than ameliorate nursing diagnosis. The authors had an unstated preconception of a preferred model of conceptualizing nursing, which they did not directly state as their preconception. They systematically listed real inadequacies of nursing diagnosis efforts as an argument for abandonment. They reflected limited understanding of or information about the nursing diagnosis literature. They tended occasionally to overstate their case.I believe that my dissatisfactions with nursing diagnosis efforts are more informed, more complex, and more numerous than theirs including such quandaries as taxonomic principles and research units of analysis. However, my responses to these problems are proactive rather than reactive, committed to amelioration rather than elimination. While I feel that the authors have provided a salutory service in delineating their concerns, I look forward to other critical reviews that might provide the intuitive insights to address the next steps in the evolutionary development of nursing diagnosis.
Personal Computers and Database Access
Authors: Clark Mary Jo , Clark Philip E. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThere are a variety of databases relevant to nursing practice and nursing research. Access to databases such as Medline and Eric has largely been through libraries or other institutions, but with the advent of personal computers it is now possible for anyone to access a database. This article discusses the advantages of personally conducting computerized literature searches. The hardware and software necessary to conduct a computer search are also reviewed.
Interesting Insights: Guest Editorial Images of Israel: A Focus of Forces
Authors: Wilson Holly Skodol , Hutchinson Sally A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis article offers an experiential account ofa visit to Israel, the host country of the 1985 International Council of Nurses. It represents an effort to grasp the essence of a place in which contrasts and juxtapositions abound. Putting the Israel experience in perspective aims to enhance our ability to mobilize personally as well as professionally as a worldwide social force.
Nursing Care of the Family with a Chronically III, Hospitalized Child: An Alternative Approach
Authors: Ferraro Adelina R. , Longo Diane C. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractAlthough nurses successfully employ family crisis intervention strategies when caring for pediatric in‐patients, this approach may be counterproductive with families of a chronically ill, hospitalized child. During an admission to an acute care facility these families, if previous levels of functioning have been adequate, may be able to function well despite the stress that all families experience under such circumstances. This article explores an alternative framework for assessing families who are coping simultaneously with a chronic pediatric condition and an acute medical problem. An assessment model based on Miller's 1983 work was developed; it focuses on families' response to long‐term health problems and successful adaptation. A clinical case is presented and analyzed using relevant theoretical and research literature. Nursing interventions with both family and staff are included in this presentation.
Using Nursing Diagnosis to Describe the Clinical Competence of Baccalaureate and Associate Degree Graduating Students: A Comparative Study
Authors: Lee Helena A. , Strong Kathleen A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWhat are the clinical competencies of nursing students graduating with associate degrees (ADN) and those graduating with baccalaureate degrees (BSN) when nursing diagnoses are used to describe clinical practice? The purpose of this study was to compare perceptions of clinical competence of professional and technical nursing students with the expectations of their nursing faculty by using a nursing diagnosis framework. The 102 subjects were graduating ADN and BSN nursing students and their faculties from two schools of nursing. Faculty and student two‐part questionnaires were developed: the first included demographic information, while the second contained the 51 nursing diagnoses listed during the Fifth Conference of the National Croup for Classification of Nursing Diagnosis. Using a Likert‐type scale, the faculty members indicated degree of competence expected from graduates and the students indicated degree of perceived personal competence. The means were tabulated and rank ordered for each group, and the responses of faculty and student groups were compared. The findings indicated considerable agreement among all four sample groups; there were only six diagnoses with a difference in group mean of 0.5 or more between the ADN and the BSN faculty and student groups. Results of this study support the need for further examination of role similarities and differences between those who practice professional nursing and those who practice technical nursing.The multiple roles, practice settings, and education programs in nursing require a common language and framework for the discussion of clinical competence (National League forNursing,1980. This study used a nursing diagnosis framework to examine perceived clinicalcompetence of students graduating with associate degrees (ADN) and those graduating with baccalaureate degrees (BSN) and to compare the students' perceptions of competence with the expectations of their faculty members.
The Participant Philosophy in Nursing Science
Authors: Tilden Virginia Peterson , Tilden Stephen 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe central thesis of this article is that scientific rigor is necessary but not sufficient to address the broad human issues that challenge the nursing profession. The pursuit of scientific rigor has led nurse researchers away from personal engagement in the issues they wish to study. Clinical scholarship demands active engagement in the practice arena. Three modes of knowledge acquisition–quantitative, qualitative, and personal–are identified and discussed in the context of Pirsig's 1974 “participant philosophy.” A structure explaining the relationships between each of the major modes of knowledge acquisition is presented.SummaryA philosophic model that interrelates three modes of knowledge acquisition in nursing has been presented.The purpose of the model is to form what Pirsig called “quality,” which parallels Plato's “that which is good” and the Greek concept of “virtue” or “excellence.” One major idea is that the search for “reality” must be de fined in human terms rather than in terms of a reality that is imagined to exist outside of human perception. The second major idea is that quantitative and qualitative research methodologies must be combined with individual personal knowledge by individual participation in all modes of knowledge acquisition. Nurse researchers must become involved in deciding what ought to be by participating in the environments that they study. This means that they must practice nursing as well as observe practice, that they must take responsibility for their own actions in research and in practice as well as recording the behavior of others. By conducting research while avoiding personal engagement, a person risks being merely a spectator of the human process, and thus risks producing trivial results.
Developing a New Philosophy For an Established School of Nursing
Authors: Luslcy Karen Frazier , Macey Janie Capps , Rutledge Dana Nelson 
Published: October 2007

SummaryIn conclusion, it must be stated that creating a new philosophy statement is not an easy task, and we did not anticipate the number of ramifications to the project. The process of change promoted anxiety, resistance, and frustration, but the ultimate goal of writing a philosophy on which the curriculum would be based proved exciting and rewarding. The members of the Educational Programs Task Force felt a camaraderie in achieving a difficult task. After the task was completed, members reflected on the process and found that they were able to discuss, disagree, and reach consensus with a high degree of maturity. Scholarly dialogue became increasingly important, and the members of the Task Force felt that in the process they had grown intellectually and emotionally.
A Descriptive Study: Defining Characteristics of the Nursing Diagnosis Cardiac Output, Alterations In: Decreased
Authors: Dahon Joanne 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis “Cardiac output, alterations in: decreased” were gathered from VNA discharge records dated from January 1,1980, to December 31,1981. From this population 100 records with the diagnosis were selected. Defining characteristics were the subjective and objective patient cues recorded by the nurse when the diagnosis was made. The 12 defining characteristics proposed by the Fifth National Conference on the Classification of Nursing Diagnoses were used as a framework for the data collection tool. The researcher found 180 defining characteristics and clustered them into Cordon's 11 Functional Health Patterns. The 3 most frequently used patterns were health perception/health maintenance, activity/rest, and cognitive/perceptual. Out of 100 occasions, the defining characteristics of the National Conference were not used 69 times. The author recommends repeating this study in other settings, especially in acute care settings, to clarify educational issues for staff and the usefulness of this diagnosis in clinical practice.
Maximizing Mailed Questionnaire Responses
Authors: Baker Constance M. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA mailed questionnaire was used in national surveys of 109 deans of colleges of nursing and 444 nurse‐middle managers in academic nursing. Detailed descriptions are given of all parts of the data collection process over which the researcher had some control: respondents, questionnaires, cover letters, mailings, dates, and follow‐up procedures. Response rates of 94% and 88%, coupled with a low incidence of item nonresponse on a lengthy questionnaire, challenge the common criticisms of this data gathering method. Future investigations need to focus on the forces influencing the decisions of potential research subjects to participate.
Nightingale's spiritual philosophy and its significance for modern nursing
Authors: Macrae Janet 
Published: October 2007

Summary.In her manuscript, Suggestions for Thought, Nightingale attempted to integrate science and mysticism. She wrote that the universe is the incarnation of a divine intelligence that regulates all things through law. For Nightingale, the laws of science are the “Thoughts of God.” Because of her deep conviction about universal law, she did not believe in miraculous intervention as an answer to prayer. Human beings must discover the laws of Cod and apply them for health and wholeness. Prayer is attuning or joining one's personal self with the consciousness of Cod, which is found in the deepest recesses of one's own being. Nightingale's idea of spirituality as intrinsic to human nature and compatible with science can guide the development of future nursing practice and inquiry.
Duplicate publication: guidelines for nurse authors and editors
Authors: Yarbro Connie Henke 
Published: October 2007

Summary.The following statement was presented by the author in August 1994 at the 13th annual meeting of the International Academy of Nursing Editors. The statement, endorsed by the editors in attendance, is intended for use as a guide. The statement is not covered by copyright and may be copied or reprinted without permission so long as the use is not for profit.
A fulbright in sweden: runes, academics, archetypal motifs, and other things
Authors: Watson Jean 
Published: October 2007

Summary.Two years ago I spent three months in Sweden as the first nurse scholar to receive a Fulbright Research and Lecture Award in that country. I was sponsored by the University ofGoteborg, Department of Advanced Nursing Education. Special hosts included Professor Head Britt Johansson of the Department, and faculty colleagues Elvi Walldall, Bjorn Sjostrom, and Marianne Gustaffson. My experience provided a rare opportunity for personal and professional growth, a chance to contribute to nursing's development beyond the United States, and to work with international colleagues. The experience was mutually satisfying, in that my interests and work in caring philosophy and theory and Sweden's academic terminology of “caring science” and Sweden's social and political commitment to a caring society were congruent. During my time in Sweden I taught a doctoral course on caring theory and engaged in consultation, workshops, seminars, and public lectures, along with clinical research and study of the educational and health care system.