bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Induction of apoptosis by Hax‐1 siRNA in melanoma cells
Authors: Li Wen‐Bin , Feng Jie , Geng Song‐Mei , Zhang Peng‐Yu , Yan Xiao‐Ning , Hu Gang , Zhang Cai‐Qing , Shi Bing‐Jun 
Published: March 2009

AbstractHS1‐associated protein X‐1 (Hax‐1) is a novel intracellular protein and recent studies suggested that it is an anti‐apoptotic factor in different tumors. Hax‐1 expression was upregulated in various metastatic tumors and cancer cell lines, including melanoma. To understand the role of Hax‐1 in melanoma development and progression, we constructed Hax‐1 short interfering RNA (siRNA) expression vectors to downregulate Hax‐1 expression in a human melanoma A375 cell line. One of the two Hax‐1 RNA interference (RNAi) constructs significantly reduced melanoma cell viability, which was due to induction of apoptosis in A375 cells. Molecularly, the induced apoptosis through downregulation of Hax‐1 expression was mediated by activation of caspase‐3 and poly‐ADP‐ribose polymerase (PARP) enzymatic activity in A375 cells. The data indicate that Hax‐1 plays a role in suppression of apoptosis and promotion of melanoma cell growth, suggesting that this Hax‐1 siRNA has a therapeutic indication in control of melanoma.
Involvement of headless myosin X in the motility of immortalized gonadotropin‐releasing hormone neuronal cells
Authors: Wang Jun‐Jie , Fu Xiu‐Qing , Guo Yu‐Guang , Yuan Lin , Gao Qian‐Qian , Yu Hua‐Li , Shi Heng‐Liang , Wang Xing‐Zhi , Xiong Wen‐Cheng , Zhu Xiao‐Juan 
Published: March 2009

AbstractMyosin X (Myo X), an unconventional myosin with a tail homology 4‐band 4.1/ezrin/radixin/moesin (MyTH4‐FERM) tail, is expressed ubiquitously in various mammalian tissues. In addition to the full‐length Myo X (Myo X FL), a headless form is synthesized in the brain. So far, little is known about the function of this motor‐less Myo X. In this study, the role of the headless Myo X was investigated in immortalized gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) neuronal cells, NLT. NLT cells overexpressing the headless Myo X formed fewer focal adhesions and spread more slowly than the wild‐type NLT cells and GFP‐expressing NLT cells. In chemomigration assays, the NLT cells overexpressing the headless Myo X migrated shorter distances and had fewer migratory cells compared with the control NLT cells.
HPV infection among women in a representative rural and suburban population of the USA
Authors: Lee Sin Hang , Vigliotti Veronica S. , Pappu Suri 
Published: March 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo study the prevalence of low‐risk and high‐risk HPV genotypes in a largely suburban, non‐Hispanic, white female population of the USA, and to determine the positive predictive value of one‐occasion HPV detection and genotyping using high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) cytology as the endpoint for clinical evaluation.MethodsHPV DNA present in liquid‐based cytology specimens collected by gynecologists in private practice was amplified using nested polymerase chain reaction. HPV DNA was validated by signature DNA sequencing for accurate genotyping.ResultsOf 2633 specimens, 278 were positive for HPV DNA of any genotype. Among 255 single HPV infections, the most prevalent genotype was HPV‐16 (n = 50; 19.6%), followed by HPV‐52 (n = 24; 9.4%). Only 10 specimens, all positive for a high‐risk HPV, were associated with an HSIL cytology result. Among them were 6 of the 50 specimens (12%) tested positive for HPV‐16. One novel HPV‐39 variant was detected in repeat testing in a patient with persistent HPV infection.ConclusionDNA sequencing is a useful method for increasing the specificity of HPV genotyping as an aid to follow persistent high‐risk HPV infections to reduce excessive colposcopies in populations with low cancer prevalence.
Polymorphisms in the interleukin‐22 receptor alpha‐1 gene are associated with severe chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Endam Leandra Mfuna , Bossé Yohan , Filali‐Mouhim Abdelali , Cormier Chantale , Boisvert Pierre , Boulet Louis‐Philippe , Hudson Thomas J. , Desrosiers Martin 
Published: March 2009

RationaleStimulation of interleukin‐22 receptor alpha‐1 (IL22RA1) was reported to increase the innate immune responses in inflammatory diseases. Moreover, a reduced level of IL22RA1 was found in patients with recalcitrant CRS with nasal polyps.ObjectiveTo explore association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL22RA1 and severe CRS.MethodsWe extracted DNA from 206 cases with severe CRS and 196 postal code–matched controls. Twenty‐three SNPs in the IL22RA1 gene were selected from the pooling‐based genome‐wide association study and from the CEU HapMap dataset and genotyped. PLINK software was used to determine association.ResultsAfter Bonferroni correction, three SNPs (rs4292900 P nom = 0.0006, OR = 1.757; rs4648936 P nom = 0.0011, OR = 1.716; rs16829225 P nom = 0.0014, OR = 1.977) show significant differences in allelic frequencies between cases and controls.ConclusionPolymorphisms in IL22RA1 are associated with severe CRS. Replication and functional studies are involved to better understand the mechanism by which these polymorphisms contribute to the pathogenesis of CRS.
Endoscopic closure of CSF rhinorrhea: 193 cases over 21 years
Authors: Banks Caroline A. , Palmer James N. , Chiu Alexander G. , O'Malley Bert W. , Woodworth Bradford A. , Kennedy David W. 
Published: March 2009

ObjectiveEndoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks has become a routine approach. This study describes endoscopic closure of a large series over 21 years, focusing on management, surgical technique, and long‐term outcomes.Study DesignChart review.Subjects and MethodsCSF leak patients treated by the senior author and at the University of Pennsylvania from 1987 to 2008. The data included body mass index (BMI), etiology, defect location, graft material, presence of encephalocele, lumbar drain, history of meningitis, intracranial pressure, recurrence, and follow‐up.ResultsA total of 193 cases were identified. Follow‐up ranging from 1 month to 9 years (mean 21 months) was available on 166 patients. The etiology was spontaneous in 77 patients (40%), traumatic in 109 (56%), and congenital in 7 (4%). The average BMI of spontaneous CSF leak patients (35) was greater (P < 0.001) than both traumatic (30) and congenital patients (23). Defects were most commonly located in the sphenoid (n = 62, 32%) and ethmoid (n = 60, 31%) The initial success rate was 91 percent (n = 176) and overall success rate was 98 percent (n = 190).ConclusionThe overall success rate (98%) and low morbidity in this large series support endoscopic approach as standard of care for CSF leak closure.
Uplift and active tectonics of southern Albania inferred from incision of alluvial terraces
Authors: Carcaillet J. , Mugnier J.L. , Koçi R. , Jouanne F. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn Albania, the Osum and Vjoje rivers cross the active graben system and the active frontal thrust system of the Albanides. The effects of climatic and geodynamic forcing on the development of these two rivers were investigated by the means of field mapping, topographic surveying and absolute exposure-age dating. We established the chronology of terraces abandonment from the compilation of new dating (14C andin situproduced10Be) and previously published data. We identified nine fluvial terraces units developed since Marine Isotope Stage 6 up to historic times. From this reconstituted history, we quantified the vertical uplift on a time scale shorter than the glacial climatic cycle. Regional bulging produces an overall increase of the incision rate from the west to the east that reaches a maximum value of 2.8 m/ka in the hinterland. Local pulses of incision are generated by activation of normal faults. The most active faults have a SW–NE trend and a vertical slip rate ranging from 1.8 to 2.2 m/ka. This study outlines the geodynamic control in the development of rivers flowing through the Albanides on the scale of 103–105ka.
Stable isotopes of a subfossilTamarixtree from the Dead Sea region, Israel, and their implications for the Intermediate Bronze Age environmental crisis
Authors: Frumkin Amos 
Published: March 2009

AbstractTrees growing on the Mt. Sedom salt diapir, at the southern Dead Sea shore, were swept by runoff into salt caves and subsequently deposited therein, sheltered from surface weathering. A subfossilTamarixtree trunk, found in a remote section of Sedom Cave is radiocarbon dated to between ∼ 2265 and 1930 BCE. It was sampled in 109 points across the tree rings for carbon and nitrogen isotopes. The SedomTamarixdemonstrates a few hundred years of13C and15N isotopic enrichment, culminating in extremely high δ13C and δ15N values. Calibration using modernTamarixstable isotopes in various climatic settings in Israel shows direct relationship between isotopic enrichment and climate deterioration, particularly rainfall decrease. The subfossilTamarixprobably reflects an environmental crisis during the Intermediate Bronze Age, which subsequently killed the tree ∼ 1930 BCE. This period coincides with the largest historic fall of the Dead Sea level, as well as the demise of the large regional urban center of the 3rd millennium BCE. The environmental crisis may thus explain the archaeological evidence of a shift from urban to pastoral culture during the Intermediate Bronze Age. This was apparently the most severe long-term historical drought that affected the region in the mid-late Holocene.
A natural obturator in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia
Authors: Soni-Jaiswal A , Woolford T J 
Published: March 2009

AbstractObjective:Most patients with hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia suffer with frequent episodes of epistaxis. The aim of this case report is to highlight the effect on epistaxis, occurring in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, when nasal airflow ceases.Case report:We present the interesting case of a patient with hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia who experienced cessation of her recurrent, refractory epistaxis through the development of coexisting polyp disease. The patient's enlarged, grade three nasal polyps were behaving as physiological obturators, limiting airflow through her nose. This reduced the intranasal trauma and subsequent frequency of her nosebleeds.Conclusion:Epistaxis is a debilitating part of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, and poses a frequent management challenge. Our patient was more tolerant of her grade three nasal polyps than of her recurrent epistaxis. This case highlights the importance of reducing nasal airflow when treating patients with hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia.
Parametric algebraic specifications with Gentzen formulas – from quasi-freeness to free functor semantics
Authors: Löwe Michael , Wolter Uwe 
Published: March 2009

Inspired by the work of S. Kaplan on positive/negative conditional rewriting, we investigate initial semantics for algebraic specifications with Gentzen formulas. Since the standard initial approach is limited to conditional equations (i.e. positive Horn formulas), the notion of semi-initial and quasi-initial algebras is introduced, and it is shown that all specifications with (positive) Gentzen formulas admit quasi-initial models.The whole approach is generalized to the parametric case where quasi-initiality generalizes to quasi-freeness. Since quasi-free objects need not be isomorphic, the persistency requirement is added to obtain auniquesemantics for many interesting practical examples. Unique persistent quasi-free semantics can be described as a free construction if the homomorphisms of the parameter category are suitably restricted. Furthermore, it turns out that unique persistent quasi-free semantics applies especially to specifications where the Gentzen formulas can be interpreted as hierarchical positive/negative conditional equations. The data type constructor of finite function spaces is used as an example that does not admit a correct initial semantics, but does admit a correct unique persistent quasi-initial semantics. The example demonstrates that the concepts introduced in this paper might be of some importance in practical applications.
A note on recursive functions
Authors: Sabadini Nicoletta , Vigna Sebastiano , Walters Robert F. C. 
Published: March 2009

In this paper, we propose a new and elegant definition of the class of recursive functions, which is analogous to Kleene's definition but differs in the primitives taken, thus demonstrating the computational power of the concurrent programming language introduced in Walters (1991), Walters (1992) and Khalil and Walters (1993).The definition can be immediately rephrased for any distributive graph in a countably extensive category with products, thus allowing a wide, natural generalization of computable functions.
Dependence and independence results for (impredicative) calculi of dependent types
Authors: Streicher Thomas 
Published: March 2009

Based on a categorical semantics for impredicative calculi of dependent types we prove several dependence and independence results. Especially we prove that there exists a model where all usual syntactical concepts can be interpreted with only one exception: in the model the strong sum of a family of propositions indexed over a proposition need not be isomorphic to a proposition again.The method of proof consists of restricting the set of propositions in the well known PERw model due to E. Moggi. The subsets of PERw considered in this paper are inspired by the subset ExpO of PERw introduced by Freyd et al.Finally we show that a weak and a strong notion of sub-locally-cartesian-closed-category coincide under rather mild completeness conditions.
Fibrations with indeterminates: contextual and functional completeness for polymorphic lambda calculi
Authors: Hermida Claudio , Jacobs Bart 
Published: March 2009

Lambek used categories with indeterminates to capture explicit variables in simply typed λ-calculus. He observed that such categories with indeterminates can be described as Kleisli categories for suitable comonads. They account for ‘functional completeness’ for Cartesian (closed) categories.Here we refine this analysis, by distinguishing ‘contextual’ and ‘functional’ completeness, and extend it to polymorphic λ-calculi. Since the latter are described as certain fibrations, we are lead to consider indeterminates, not only for ordinary categories, but also for fibred categories. Following a 2-categorical generalisation of Lambek's approach, such fibrations with indeterminates are presented as 'simple slices' in suitable 2-categories of fibrations; more precisely, as Kleisli objects. It allows us to establish contextual and functional completeness results for some polymorphic calculi.
The Clinical Educator's Companion: The WEB-Based ASHA Scope of Practice
Authors: McCarthy Mary Pat 
Published: March 2009

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to encourage graduate students and practicing clinicians to review the current ASHA Web-based version of the Scope of Practice in Speech-Language Pathology. Using examples of how the Scope of Practice has been used in clinical education by the author, this article attempts to illustrate how ASHA has provided information such as position statements, technical reports, and knowledge and skills documents related to the topics that fall within our Scope of Practice. Finally, this article demonstrates that valid research regarding current practices is only a click away if the novice is directed to the ASHA Web-based Scope of Practice.
Training Graduate Student Clinicians to Use Preschool Peer Interaction Strategies
Authors: Herd Corey L. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract
Playing with peers is an important part of childhood—what children learn from interacting with one another has enormous impact on both their social and language development. Although many children naturally develop the ability to interact well with peers, some children have difficulty interacting with other children and may miss out on important learning opportunities as a result. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) can target the peer interactions of young children on their caseload, assuming that they have the knowledge and skills with which to address them. SLP graduate programs have the opportunity to provide future SLPs with both knowledge and skills-based training. This study assessed a graduate program in which three graduate clinicians participated in a preschool program for children with communication disorders; peer interactions were targeted within the program. The students were observed and data was collected regarding their use of peer interaction facilitation strategies in the group sessions both prior to and after they participated in a direct training program regarding the use of such skills. Outcomes indicate that the direct training program resulted in a statistically significant increase in the students' use of different strategies to facilitate peer interactions among the children in the group.
Feedback in Supervision
Authors: Nelson Lori A. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract
Provision of feedback is a vital component of the supervisory process. The challenge for clinical supervisors is how to make this feedback an effective catalyst for positive change without damaging the supervisory relationship. Many professions outside of speech-language pathology have studied various forms of feedback and their effects. This paper summarizes a number of research articles drawn from the fields of communication studies, speech-language pathology, medical education and counseling. These articles provide details as to what constitutes effective or ineffective feedback along with guidelines for successful implementation of feedback in clinical supervision. Positive and negative aspects of peer feedback in the supervision process are also discussed.
A Clinical Supervision Model for Nontraditional Graduate Students in Training
Authors: Schoenbrodt Lisa , Silverman Fran , Boyd Megan 
Published: March 2009

Abstract
With the increasing critical shortage of qualified speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in the schools, graduate programs are charged with thinking beyond traditional programs in order to train committed candidates to serve school-aged populations in a cost-effective manner. The Department of Speech Pathology at Loyola College engaged in a partnership with the Maryland State Department of Education whereby students would be provided a scholarship for their degree, and in return would complete five years of employment upon graduation. A critical component of this program stipulated that students be employed and supervised in a local education agency. After experimenting with numerous models for clinical supervision in the school, one model emerged as effective. The college, student, and school perspective regarding effectiveness is presented.
Constructing and Maintaining Appropriate Boundaries within Clinical Supervision Relationships
Authors: Herd Corey L. , Cohn Tracy J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractConsiderable literature on the relationship between supervisor and supervisee has emerged in the last decade. Much of this literature, however, has examined the relationship that occurs between psychologist and psychology supervisee. In the domain of speech-language pathology and audiology, there is a paucity of information and data. Thus, in response to the limited body of work in the field, the authors hope to first spark discussion around the topic of boundaries within the relationship between clinical supervisors and supervisees. One theoretical model, the “slippery slope,” is presented as a means to understand boundary crossing behavior in the clinical supervision context. The second objective of this article is to explore the working alliance or the working relationship that occurs between a supervisee and a supervisor. Given the multiple roles that a supervisor plays in the life of the supervisee, mentee, and finally colleague, it is likely that at some point, in one of these roles, that the supervisor and/or the supervisee will be faced with a difficult boundary situation. This article is proposed in response to the call from researchers and practitioners who have suggested that one response to addressing boundary violations and boundary crossings is a frank and open discussion.
Success Strategies: Implementing the Professional Performance Review Process for School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists
Authors: Parmenter Jill , Amaral Sheryl , Jackson Julia 
Published: March 2009

Abstract
The Professional Performance Review Process for School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists (PPRP) (ASHA, 2006) was developed in response to the need for a performance review tool that fits school district requirements for performance review management while addressing the specific roles and responsibilities of a school-based speech-language pathologist (ASHA, 2006). This article will examine the purpose and components of the PPRP. A description of its use as a tool for self-advocacy will be discussed. Strategies for successful implementation of the PPRP will be explained using insight from speech-language pathologists and other professionals familiar with the PPRP.
Predicting hospitalization due to worsening heart failure using daily weight measurement: analysis of the Trans‐European Network‐Home‐Care Management System (TEN‐HMS) study
Authors: Zhang Jufen , Goode Kevin M. , Cuddihy Paul E. , Cleland John G.F. ,   on behalf of the TEN‐HMS Investigators
Published: March 2009

AimsWe sought to test the utility of weight gain algorithms to predict episodes of worsening heart failure (WHF) using home‐telemonitoring data collected as part of the TEN‐HMS study.Methods and resultsSimple rule‐of‐thumb (RoT) algorithms (i.e. 3 lbs in 1 day and 5 lbs in 3 days) and a moving average convergence divergence (MACD) algorithm were compared. WHF was defined as hospitalization for WHF or worsening of breathlessness or leg oedema. Of 168 patients, 45 were hospitalized with WHF and 76 were hospitalized for other reasons. On average, weight gain occurred in the 14 days prior to WHF hospitalizations but not in the 14 days prior to non‐WHF hospitalizations [1.9 ± 4.7 lbs (0.9 ± 2.1 kg) vs. −0.4 ± 2.5 lbs (−0.2 ± 1.1 kg),P< 0.0001]. The true alerts rate was higher for the RoT algorithms compared with the MACD (58 and 65% vs. 20%). However, the RoT algorithms had much higher false alert rates (54 and 58% vs. 9%) rendering them of little practical use for predicting WHF events.ConclusionA MACD algorithm is more specific but less sensitive than RoT when trying to predict episodes of WHF based on daily weight measurements. However, many episodes of WHF do not appear to be associated with weight gain and therefore telemonitoring of weight alone may not have great value for heart failure management.