bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ideal Cage‐like Pores for Molecular Sieving of Butane Isomers with High Purity and Record Productivity
Authors: Ji Zhenyu , Zhou Yunzhe , Chen Cheng , Yuan Daqiang , Wu Mingyan , Hong Maochun 
Published: April 2024

Abstractn‐C4H10 and iso‐C4H10 are both important petrochemical raw materials. Considering the coexistence of the isomers in the production process, it is necessary to achieve their efficient separation through an economical way. However, to obtain high‐purity n‐C4H10 and iso‐C4H10 in one‐step separation process, developing iso‐C4H10‐exclusion adsorbents with high n‐C4H10 adsorption capacity is crucial. Herein, we report a cage‐like MOF (SIFSIX‐Cu‐TPA) with small windows and large cavities which can selectively allow smaller n‐C4H10 enter the pore and accommodate a large amount of n‐C4H10 simultaneously. Adsorption isotherms reveal that SIFSIX‐Cu‐TPA not only completely excludes iso‐C4H10 in a wide temperature range, but also exhibits a very high n‐C4H10 adsorption capacity of 94.2 cm3 g−1 at 100 kPa and 298 K, which is the highest value among iso‐C4H10‐exclusion‐type adsorbents. Breakthrough experiments show that SIFSIX‐Cu‐TPA has excellent n/iso‐C4H10 separation performance and can achieve a record‐high productivity of iso‐C4H10 (3.2 mol kg−1) with high purity (>99.95 %) as well as 3.0 mol kg−1 of n‐C4H10 (>99 %) in one separation circle. More importantly, SIFSIX‐Cu‐TPA can realize the efficient separation of butanes at different flow rates, temperatures, as well as under high humid condition, which indicates that SIFSIX‐Cu‐TPA can be deemed as an ideal platform for industrial butane isomers separation.
Genuine carbene versus carbene‐like reactivity
Authors: Lorkowski Jan , Yorkgitis Patrick , Serrato Melinda R. , Gembicky Milan , Pietraszuk Cezary , Bertrand Guy , Jazzar Rodolphe 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSinglet carbenes are not always isolable and often even elude direct detection. When they escape observation, their formation can sometimes be evidenced by in situ trapping experiments. However, is carbene‐like reactivity genuine evidence of carbene formation? Herein, using the first example of a spectroscopically characterized cyclic (amino)(aryl)carbene (CAArC), we cast doubt on the most common carbene trapping reactions as sufficient proof of carbene formation.
Sensitive and highly selective biosensor based on innovative V2O5 nanoparticles for detection of glutathione
Authors: Lu Han , Xiang Zhenbo , Ren Qiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, V2O5 nanoparticles with flake or prism‐like morphology were synthesized using a two‐step solvothermal synthesis and calcination process for the first time. These nanoparticles exhibited intrinsic oxidase‐like activity, catalyzing the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethylbenzidine to produce blue oxidized 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethylbenzidine even in the absence of H2O2, with a characteristic absorption peak at 652 nm. Upon the introduction of glutathione (GSH), the solution color gradually lightened, correlating with a reduction in absorbance. Leveraging these properties, we developed a simple, sensitive, and highly selective colorimetric biosensor utilizing V2O5 nanoparticles for GSH detection in human serum. The developed method demonstrated excellent linearity over a range of 1–30 μM, with a low detection limit of 4.04 nM. Additionally, it exhibited outstanding selectivity against common interfering substances in human serum. Furthermore, this biosensor enabled both naked‐eye detection and spectrophotometric quantitative analysis of GSH. Successful application to spiked serum samples yielded recoveries ranging from 97.1% to 101.7%. Overall, this method offers a promising approach for determining GSH content in human serum, with significant potential for biomedical testing applications. Its rapid and accurate detection capability may contribute to early diagnosis and treatment of various fatal diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases.
Ultra‐light fluorinated polyimide foams with excellent thermal insulation, low dielectric loss and high heat resistance
Authors: Jia Jialin , Sun Yunlong , Zang Shuyan , Nie Heran , Zhou Huafeng , Zhou Guangyuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHigh efficiency thermal insulation materials are highly desirable in aerospace industry, whereas combining low density and low thermal conductivity of thermal insulation materials still remains a challenge. In this work, a series of fluorinated polyimide foams (PIFs) based on 4,4‐(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) were successfully prepared by microwave‐assisted powder foaming. The modification of fluorination decreased the melt strength while simultaneously enhanced the thermal properties of fluorinated PIFs through the high bonding energy of CF bond. Thus, fluorinated PIFs exhibited one of the lowest densities of reported PIFs, among them, the density of PIF6FDA‐DMBZ was as low as 9.34 kg m−3. The glass transition temperature of all fluorinated PIFs was greater than 295°C. Microwave‐assisted foaming optimized the cell structure effectively, resulting in the thermal conductivity of PIF6FDA‐ODA as low as 0.029 W m−1 K−1. The incorporation of hexafluoroisopropylidene groups reduced the polarization and enhanced the free volume of fluorinated PIFs, leading to hydrophobic characteristics (CA >105°) and ultra‐low dielectric loss properties (tan δ <0.001 at 20 GHz). PIF6FDA‐ODA demonstrated the most excellent comprehensive performance. The excellent comprehensive performance of fluorinated PIFs indicated their potential application as thermal insulation and wave‐transparent materials in aerospace, railway, and shipbuilding industries.
Evaluating extinct pseudosuchian body mass estimates using a femur volume‐based model
Authors: Woodward Holly N. , Aubier Paul , de Sena Mariana Valéria Araújo , Cubo Jorge 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe clade Pseudosuchia appeared 250 million years ago. The exclusively semi‐aquatic Crocodylia, which includes crocodiles, alligators, caimans, and gharials is the only surviving subgroup. Investigating Crocodylia biology is pivotal for inferring traits of extinct pseudosuchians. Alligator femur length is widely used for modeling pseudosuchian body mass, but the regression is influenced by sex and captivity status, leading to potential accuracy problems. An alternative model results from the correlation between alligator femur volume and body mass, which is unaffected by those covariates. Here, an alligator femur volume‐based regression is applied to estimate the masses of non‐crocodylian pseudosuchians, encompassing goniopholids, dyrosaurs, notosuchians, and thalattosuchians. For each, femur volume as the predictor yields lower body masses than does femur length. Morphological resemblances to existing crocodylians support the inference that extinct goniopholids and dyrosaurs were semi‐aquatic. Therefore, body masses predicted from femur length and volume should be reasonable, although larger body masses obtained from femur length may reflect sensitivity to sex or environmental factors. Fully terrestrial notosuchians had proportionately longer femora for their body sizes compared to semi‐aquatic crocodylians, suggesting that the higher body masses predicted from alligator femur length are overestimates. Fully aquatic thalattosuchians, skeletally adapted for buoyancy and with reduced reliance on the femur for locomotion, pose challenges for both femur length and volume‐based models. The results of this study advocate for the use of femur volume to predict body mass, particularly for semi‐aquatic and terrestrial pseudosuchians, and encourage further exploration of volumetric models as body size predictors for extinct vertebrates.
Regulating Diffusion Coefficient of Li+ by High Binding Energy Anion towards Ultra‐Low Temperature Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Qiu , Luo Pan , Liao Li , Shen Yin , Luo Xiaoshuang , Li Xinpeng , Wen Xuanzhong , Song Jialin , Yu Bo , Chen Junchen , Guo Bingshu , Wang Mingshan , Huang Yun , Liu Fuliang , Liu Jiangtao , Li Zhedong , Ma Jingrun , Wang Shuiyong , Li Xing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractElectrolyte design is the optimal strategy to achieve extremely low temperature operation of lithium‐ion batteries. Here, the diffusion coefficient of Li+ is proposed to improve the ion transport kinetics at low temperatures. The diffusion coefficient of Li+ is improved by constructing a Li+ solvation sheath with weak steric effects. Specifically, high binding energy BF4− anions are added to a 1 M LiPF6 in propyl acetate (PA) electrolyte. Since the binding energy of Li+ with BF4− is greater than that of PA. Therefore, the small‐sized BF4− replaces the large‐sized PA molecule to form a Li+ solvation sheath with a weak steric effect, which increases the diffusion coefficient of Li+. Using the high diffusion coefficient electrolyte, the 800 mAh pouch cell retain 91 % and 75 % of its room temperature capacity at −40 °C(0.5 C rate) and −60 °C (0.2 C rate), respectively. And it also shows stable cycling at −40 °C. This work provides a new strategy for designing low‐temperature electrolytes of lithium‐ion batteries.
Engineering of the Lrp/AsnC‐type transcriptional regulator DecR as a genetically encoded biosensor for multilevel optimization of L‐cysteine biosynthesis pathway in Escherichia coli
Authors: Zhou Zhiyou , Li Zonglin , Zhong Yahui , Xu Shuai , Li Zhimin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractL‐cysteine is an important sulfur‐containing amino acid being difficult to produce by microbial fermentation. Due to the lack of high‐throughput screening methods, existing genetically engineered bacteria have been developed by simply optimizing the expression of L‐cysteine‐related genes one by one. To overcome this limitation, in this study, a biosensor‐based approach for multilevel biosynthetic pathway optimization of L‐cysteine from the DecR regulator variant of Escherichia coli was applied. Through protein engineering, we obtained the DecRN29Y/C81E/M90Q/M99E variant‐based biosensor with improved specificity and an 8.71‐fold increase in dynamic range. Using the developed biosensor, we performed high‐throughput screening of the constructed promoter and RBS combination library, and successfully obtained the optimized strain, which resulted in a 6.29‐fold increase in L‐cysteine production. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and electrophoretic mobility shift analysis (EMSA) showed that the N29Y/C81E/M90Q/M99E variant had enhanced induction activity. This enhancement may be due to the increased binding of the variant to DNA in the presence of L‐cysteine, which enhances transcriptional activation. Overall, our biosensor‐based strategy provides a promising approach for optimizing biosynthetic pathways at multiple levels. The successful implementation of this strategy demonstrates its potential for screening improved recombinant strains.
Wellbeing and religious community participation: Exploring resources for wellbeing in areas of socio‐economic deprivation in the United Kingdom
Authors: Fry Alex D. J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA decrease in wellbeing in the United Kingdom since the 2008 economic crisis has been compounded by the closure of community groups in socio‐economically deprived areas. This leaves churches as one of the few communal groups for fostering wellbeing, despite a dearth of research on religiosity and wellbeing in such areas. This article draws on semi‐structured interviews, supplemented with participant observations and ethnographic observations, to explore the social processes involved in shaping experiences of wellbeing amongst religious communities in socio‐economically deprived areas in North East England. It identifies the resources available for wellbeing and the points at which they are accessed. It also expands the existing conception of wellbeing by: (i) unpacking and refining a three‐tiered structure for understanding wellbeing; (ii) identifying a wellbeing paradox, whereby interpersonal vulnerability supports and undermines wellbeing; and (iii) mapping the relationships between the micro, meso and macro levels in shaping experiences of wellbeing, highlighting the need for more qualitative studies of subjective wellbeing. As it does so, this article offers practical insights that can guide those with pastoral responsibilities in areas of socio‐economic deprivation to foster higher levels of wellbeing in their communities.
Organophotocatalytic Remote Thiocyanation Reaction via Ring‐Opening Functionalization of Cycloalkanols
Authors: Hua Ruirui , Wang Qing , Yin Hongquan , Chen Fu‐Xue 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe remote C(sp3)‐SCN bond formation via ring‐opening functionalization of cycloalkanols with N‐thiocyanatosaccharin as the precursor of SCN radicals and pyrylium salt as the organic photocatalyst under visible light has been developed. Thus, various terminal keto thiocyanates were prepared without transition metals and oxidants in moderate to good yields. The simplicity, wide substrate scope and mild conditions feature its synthetic application capability.
Molecular‐Level Insight into the Chlorofluorocarbons Adsorption by Defective Covalent Organic Polymers
Authors: Shen Jian , Wahiduzzaman Mohammad , Kumar Abhishek , Barpaga Dushyant , Peter McGrail B. , Thallapally Praveen K , Maurin Guillaume , Kishan Motkuri Radha 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHalocarbons have important industrial applications, but because of their contribution to global warming and the fact that they can cause ozone depletion, they are considered highly toxic. Hence, the techniques that can capture and recover the used halocarbons with energy‐efficient methods have been recently received greater attention. In this contribution, we report the capture of dichlorodifluoromethane (R12), which has high global warming and ozone depletion potential, using covalent organic polymers (COPs). The defect‐engineered COPs were synthesized and demonstrated outstanding sorption capacities, ~226 wt % of R12 combined with linear‐shaped adsorption isotherms. We further identified the plausible microscopic adsorption mechanism of the investigated COPs via grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations applied to non‐defective and a collection of atomistic models of the defective COPs. The modeling work suggests that significant R12 adsorption performance is attributed to a gradual increment of porosities due to isolated/interconnected micro‐/meso‐pore channels and the change of the long‐range ordering of both COPs. The successive hierarchical‐pore‐filling mechanism promotes R12 molecular adsorption via moderate van der Waals adsorbate‐adsorbent interactions in the micropores of both COPs at low pressure followed by adsorbate‐adsorbate interactions in the extra‐voids created at moderate to high pressure ranges. This continuous pore‐filling mechanism makes defective COPs as promising sorbents for halocarbon adsorption.
Association of Official Racing Chemists guidelines for drug testing in animal hair for doping control
Authors: Gray Bob , Bailly‐Chouriberry Ludovic , Kwok Wai Him , Yamada Sean , Yamada Masayuki , Moeller Benjamin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Association of Official Racing Chemists (AORC) guidelines for drug testing in animal hair provide animal sport doping control laboratories with a framework for the implementation of a robust and legally defensible program for the analysis, both screening and confirmatory, of animal hair samples. The guidelines were compiled by the AORC Hair Analysis Committee, which is comprised of experts from animal sport doping control laboratories around the world, before being ratified by the AORC membership. They provide guidance on all stages of animal hair analysis, from sample collection, through sample pre‐treatment and extraction and onto instrumental analysis.
A “Concentrated Ionogel‐in‐Ceramic” Silanization Composite Electrolyte with Superior Bulk Conductivity and Low Interfacial Resistance for Quasi‐Solid‐State Li Metal Batteries
Authors: Hou Wangshu , Chen Zongyuan , Wang Shengxian , Wei Fengkun , Zhai Yanfang , Hu Ning , Song Shufeng 
Published: April 2024

The ideal composite electrolyte for the pursued safe and high‐energy‐density lithium metal batteries (LMBs) is expected to demonstrate peculiarity of superior bulk conductivity, low interfacial resistances, and good compatibility against both Li‐metal anode and high‐voltage cathode. There is no composite electrolyte to synchronously meet all these requirements yet, and the battery performance is inhibited by the absence of effective electrolyte design. Here we report a unique “concentrated ionogel‐in‐ceramic” silanization composite electrolyte (SCE) and validate an electrolyte design strategy based on the coupling of high‐content silane‐conditioning garnet and concentrated ionogel that builds well‐percolated Li+ transport pathways and tackles the interface issues to respond all the aforementioned requirements. It is revealed that the silane conditioning enables the uniform dispersion of garnet nanoparticles at high content (70 wt%) and forms mixed‐lithiophobic‐conductive LiF‐Li3N solid electrolyte interphase. Notably, the yielding SCE delivers an ultrahigh ionic conductivity of 1.76 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 25 °C, an extremely low Li‐metal/electrolyte interfacial area‐specific resistance of 13 Ω cm2, and a distinctly excellent long‐term 1200 cycling without any capacity decay in 4.3 V Li||LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (NCM523) quasi‐solid‐state LMB. This composite electrolyte design strategy can be extended to other quasi−/solid‐state LMBs.
Intramyocardial calcification in apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy assessed using multimodality imaging: a case series
Authors: Radano Ilaria , Mabritto Barbara , Luceri Stefania , Bongioanni Sergio , Maiellaro Francesco , Zappia Luca , Lario Chiara , Macera Annalisa , Cirillo Stefano , Pizzuti Alfredo , Citro Rodolfo , Galasso Gennaro , Musumeci Giuseppe 
Published: April 2024

AbstractApical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ApHCM) is an HCM variant, affecting frequently males in midlife. It is characterized by apical obliteration and persistent diastolic contraction, often resulting in microvascular ischaemia. We report five cases of ApHCM, with evidence of intramyocardial calcification on echocardiogram. On cardiac magnetic imaging (MRI), a hypointense component at early gadolinium enhancement (EGE) sequences, compatible with calcium, and a deep layer, with hyperintensity at late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) sequences, referable to fibrosis, suggest an endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) diagnosis. EMF pathologic hallmark is endocardium and myocardium scarring, evolving to dystrophic calcification. It is found only in few ApHCM patients. Our series is the largest one described until now. Analysing patients' history, coexistent inflammatory triggers were evident in all of them, so their co‐morbidities could represent a further cause of small vessel disease, in the context of ischaemic microvascular stress due to hypertrophy, leading to fibrosis and dystrophic calcification. This series could demonstrate the relation between apical fibrosis/calcification and microvascular ischaemia due to hypertrophy and inflammatory triggers.
Solvent and Dihalide Substituent Effects on Crystal Structure, Spin‐Crossover Behavior and Conductivity of the Cationic Mn(III) Complexes with Electroactive TCNQ Counteranions
Authors: Tiunova Aleksandra V. , Korchagin Denis V. , Kazakova Anna V. , Shilov Gennady V. , Buravov Lev I. , Dmitriev Aleksei I. , Zhidkov Mikhail V. , Zverev Vladimir N. , Yagubskii Eduard B. , Aldoshin Sergei M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCationic Mn(III) complexes with 3,5‐Hal‐sal2323 (Hal=diCl, diBr, BrCl) ligands containing electroactive TCNQ anions as counterions have been synthesized: [Mn(3,5‐diCl‐sal2323)](TCNQ)2 (1), [Mn(3,5‐diBr‐sal2323)]2(TCNQ)3⋅6CH3CN (2), and [Mn(3,5‐Br,Cl‐sal2323)]2(TCNQ)3⋅6CH3CN (3). The crystal structures, magnetic and conducting properties of the obtained compounds have been investigated. In 1, an incomplete spin transition from the low‐spin (LS) state at 100 K to the high‐spin (HS) state upon heating to 400 K is observed. Isostructural complexes 2 and 3 contain 6 molecules of solvated acetonitrile, which is lost upon heating, accompanied by the crystal structure transformation. As a result, desolvated complexes jump to the HS state. The temperature dependences of resistivity 2 and 3 show resistivity jumps associated with the loss of lattice solvent.
Short all‐out isokinetic cycling exercises of 90 and 15 s unlock exercise‐induced hypoalgesia
Authors: Tomschi Fabian , Schulz Jana , Stephan Holger , Hilberg Thomas 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAcute physical activity leads to exercise‐induced hypoalgesia (EIH). However, to what degree it can be induced by very short but highly intensive exercise is largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the effects of two different short all‐out isokinetic exercise sessions on EIH.MethodsTwenty young male participants underwent three different interventions (90, 15 s all‐out isokinetic cycling, respectively, and control) after an individualized low‐intensity warm‐up in a randomized‐controlled‐crossover design. Before (pre), after warm‐up (post 1) as well as immediately post‐intervention (post 2) pain sensitivity was measured employing pressure pain thresholds (PPT; in N) at the elbow, knee and ankle joints as well as the sternum and forehead. Performance parameters (e.g. lactate, perceived exertion, heart rate) were documented.ResultsA ‘time’ × ‘intervention’ × ‘body site’ interaction effect (p < 0.001, η2 partial = 0.110) was observed for PPT. Both isokinetic interventions resulted in EIH at all body sites, even after ruling out any warm‐up effects, while effects were larger for 90 s (maximum increase of 25.7 ± 11.7 N) compared to 15 s (maximum increase of 19.3 ± 18.9 N), and control (maximum increase of 8.0 ± 6.1 N). Compared to control, 15 s also resulted in hypoalgesic effects and differences were not observed at all sites. In this study, 90 s resulted in higher lactate, subjective exhaustion and heart rate levels compared to 15 s and control (p < 0.001), while higher values were also observed for 15 s compared to control.ConclusionGlobal EIH assessed immediately after exercise can be induced by short highly intensive exercises. The effects are greater when the subjective and the objective exertion are higher as induced by the 90 s intervention.Significance StatementThis study investigates the potential for brief, highly intensive exercise sessions to induce exercise‐induced hypoalgesia (EIH). The research demonstrates that EIH can indeed be triggered by such short workouts, with greater effects observed during a 90 s session compared to a 15 s one, most likely due to higher subjective and objective exertion. These findings offer insights into the potential for extremely brief but intense exercises to alleviate pain, impacting exercise recommendations and pain management strategies.