bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiological Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease and Myocardial Viability in Ischemic Syndromes Using Adenosine Echocardiography
Authors: CASE R. ALEX , BUCKMIRE ROBERT , McLAUGHLIN DAVID P. , KELLER MARK 
Published: August 2007

We hypothesized that it would be feasible and safe to use adenosine echocardiography to assess the physiological significance of coronary stenoses, detect ischemic myocardium, and assess myocardial viability in a high risk group of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Therefore, in 40 patients with either unstable angina, non‐Q myocardial infarction, or myocardial infarction treated with thrombolytic therapy, we performed adenosine echocardiography (140 μglkg per min for 5 mins with a 16 segment model for analysis) and compared the findings with quantitative planar thallium‐201 scintigraphy, and (in 26 patients) coronary angiography. The technique was safe, and there were no serious complications. Adenosine resulted in a significant increase in heart rate and decrease in blood pressure. The sensitivity of adenosine echocardiography and thallium scintigraphy were 96% and 88%, respectively, for detecting > 75% stenosis. The change in echo score from baseline during adenosine infusion was significantly higher with more severe coronary disease (single vessel right coronary artery [RCA] or left circumflex [LCX] disease = 0.125± 0.15, proximal left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD] disease = 023 ±0.15, RCA and LCX disease=0.30 ± 0.14, LAD and RCA and/or LCX disease = 0.62 ± 0.13). Likewise, the echo score during adenosine infusion was significantly higher in patients with high risk thallium scans (low risk = 1.29 ± 0.26, medium risk = 1.74 ± 022, and high risk= 2.21 ± 0.37). In 13 patients receiving thrombolytic therapy, adenosine echocardiography identified 12 with viable myocardium as defined by quantitative thallium criteria. Furthermore, the wall‐motion response of the viable segment was indicative of the degree of stenosis of the artery subtending the segment. Regional function deteriorated in patients with high grade (95 ± 2%) stenoses and improved in those with nonflow limiting stenoses (66 ± 25%, P = 0.03). Therefore, we conclude that adenosine echocardiography can detect significant coronary stenoses, has a high degree of concordance with thallium in detecting cardiac perfusion abnormalities, and can assess myocardial viability following thrombolytic therapy.adenosine echocardiography, thallium scintigraphy, unstable angina, thrombolytic therapy, viability
Analysis of Right Ventricular Kinesis by Means of Transesophageal Echocardiography:
Authors: KOZÁKOVÁ MICHAELA , PALOMBO CARLO , BENANTI CESARE , L'ABBATE ANTONIO , DISTANTE ALESSANDRO 
Published: August 2007

The evaluation of right ventricular (RV) kinesis by two‐dimensional echocardiography represents a difficult task. Transthoracic echocardiography can visualize the RV in several projections, but the image quality and the variability of imaging views usually do not allow quantitative analysis. We investigated the potential of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) for evaluating RV global function and regional kinesis, in 32 controls and in 16 patients with inferior myocardial infarction (MI) and asynergy involving the inferior wall of both ventricles. Good‐quality images of at least one horizontal section of the RV were obtained in 73% of subjects by conventional, 90o sector and in 100% of subjects by wide‐angle, “panoramic” sector. Images of the RV in short‐axis view at medium level were acquired and evaluated in 93% of cases, but at basal and apical levels only in 67% and 39%, respectively. The low percentage of successful detection and evaluation of the RV at apical level can be explained by prominent motion and trabeculation of the apex. Global systolic area changes (SAC) in controls attained similar values at apical and medium levels (60% and 59%, respectively), but were significantly lower (48%, P < 0.05) at basal level. In patients with previous inferior MI and inferoposterior asynergy, global SAC were significantly (P < 0.01) lower at medium and basal levels (32% and 27%, respectively) compared with controls. Regional kinesis of RV was assessed as segmental SAC in 12 different segments, by fixed and float system of center of cavity. In controls, the fixed system underestimated kinesis of inferior and septal segments and overestimated kinesis of anterolateral segments, due to leftward translation and inferior rotation of the RV during systole. Float system showed almost concentric kinesis of the RV, with segmental SAC between 53% and 66%. In patients with RV asynergy, the fixed system confirmed the “eyeball” analysis, while float system tended to mask the asynergy and showed more uniform kinesis, with diffuse decrement in SAC throughout all segments. Further evaluation, also by biplane and omniplane probes, may help overcome the limitations of the present method for a comprehensive analysis of R V kinesis. TEE, however, already allows improving the echocardiographic assessment of RV kinesis and appears to be a promising tool, and potentially a reference technique, for investigation of R V kinesis during stress.right ventricle, transesophageal echocardiography, ventricular function, quantitative analysis
Sense of Coherence, Spirituality, Stress and Quality of Life in Chronic Illness
Authors: Delgado Cheryl 
Published: August 2007

Purpose

: To investigate the relationship between sense of coherence and spirituality and their association with perceptions of stress, and quality of life.
Methods

: Questionnaires mailed to nonhospitalized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlations, multiple regressions, and ANOVA.
Results

: High sense of coherence (SOC) and spirituality were correlated with low stress and high quality of life (QoL). Neither SOC nor spirituality related significantly to objective symptom severity. In regression analyses 73.2% of the variance in QoL was explained by SOC, the FEV1/FVC ratio, and functional ability.
Conclusions

: Psychosocial factors are important in patients' cognitive interpretations of illness. SOC and spirituality may buffer stress in the context of chronic illness.
Nonadherence With Diet and Fluid Restrictions and Perceived Social Support in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis
Authors: Kara Belguzar , Caglar Kayser , Kilic Selim 
Published: August 2007

Purpose

: To describe nonadherence with diet and fluid restrictions and the level of perceived social support in hemodialysis patients.
Design

: Descriptive survey. The data were obtained from 160 patients in three hemodialysis centers in Turkey between March 2006 and May 2006. Descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlations, and logistic regression analysis were conducted.
Methods

: Data were collected by using a personal data form, the Dialysis Diet and Fluid Nonadherence Questionnaire, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support.
Results

: Most patients showed nonadherence with diet and fluid restrictions. Family members were important providers of social support for patients. Significant factors affecting fluid nonadherence included age, marital status, and family and friend support. Marital status and family support were also the main variables affecting diet nonadherence.
Conclusions

: The results of this study showed that nonadherence was more common among younger, married patients, and those with lower levels of perceived social support.
Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural characteristics of interstitial cells of Cajal in the rabbit duodenum. Presence of a single cilium
Authors: Junquera Concepción , Martínez‐Ciriano Carmen , Castiella Tomás , Serrano Pedro , Azanza María Jesús , Ramón y Cajal Junquera Santiago 
Published: August 2007

AbstractSantiago Ramón y Cajal discovered a new type of cell related to the myenteric plexus and also to the smooth muscle cells of the circular muscle layer of the intestine. Based on their morphology, relationships and staining characteristics, he considered these cells as primitive neurons. One century later, despite major improvements in cell biology, the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are still controversial for many researchers. The aim of study was to perform an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural characterization of the ICCs in the rabbit duo‐denum. We have found interstitial cells that are positive for c‐Kit, CD34 and nestin and are also positive for Ki67 protein, tightly associated with somatic cell proliferation. By means of electron microscopy, we describe ICCs around enteric ganglia. They present triangular or spindle forms and a very voluminous nucleus with scarce per‐inuclear chromatin surrounded by a thin perinuclear cytoplasm that expands with long cytoplasmic processes. ICC processes penetrate among the smooth muscle cells and couple with the processes of other ICCs located in the connective tissue of the circular muscle layer and establish a three‐dimensional network. Intercellular con‐tacts by means of gap‐like junctions are frequent. ICCs also establish gap‐like junctions with smooth muscle cells. We also observe a population of interstitial cells of stellate morphology in the connective tissue that sur‐rounds the muscle bundles in the circular muscle layer, usually close to nervous trunks. These cells establish different types of contacts with the muscle cells around them. In addition, the presence of a single cilium show‐ing a structure 9 + 0 in an ICC is demonstrated for the first time. In conclusion, we report positive staining c‐kit, CD34, nestin and Ki 67. ICCs fulfilled the usual transmission electron microscopy (TEM) criteria. A new ultrastructural characteristic of at least some ICCs is demonstrated: the presence of a single cilium. Some populations of ICCs in the rabbit duodenum present certain immunohistochemical and ultrastructural characteristics that often are present in progenitor cells.
Proteomic identification of nitrated brain proteins in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: a regional study
Authors: Sultana Rukhsana , Reed Tanea , Perluigi Marzia , Coccia Rafaella , Pierce William M. , Butterfield D. Allan 
Published: August 2007

AbstractOxidative stress is an imbalance between the level of antioxidants and oxidants in a cell. Oxidative stress has been shown in brain of subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as well Alzheimer's disease (AD). MCI is considered as a transition phase between control and AD. The focus of the current study was to identify nitrated proteins in the hippocampus and inferior parietal lobule (IPL) brain regions of subjects with amnestic MCI using proteomics. The identified nitrated proteins in MCI brain were compared to those previously reported to be nitrated and oxidatively modified in AD brain, a comparison that might provide an invaluable insight into the progression of the disease.
Concepts of scaffold‐based tissue engineering—the rationale to use solid free‐form fabrication techniques
Authors: Hutmacher D.W. , Cool S. 
Published: August 2007

Introduction
Scaffolds for bone engineering fabricated by solid free‐form fabrication
Scaffolds combined with growth factors and other biologically active molecules
Accelerated bone repair with growth factors, HS and HS‐like molecules
Conclusion

AbstractA paradigm shift is taking place in orthopaedic and reconstructive surgery from using medical devices and tissue grafts to a tissue engineering approach that uses biodegradable scaffolds combined with cells or biological molecules to repair and/or regenerate tissues. One of the potential benefits offered by solid free‐form fabrication technology (SFF) is the ability to create scaffolds with highly reproducible architecture and compositional variation across the entire scaffold, due to its tightly controlled computer‐driven fabrication. In this review, we define scaffold properties and attempt to provide some broad criteria and constraints for scaffold design in bone engineering.We also discuss the application‐specific modifications driven by surgeon's requirements in vitro and/or in vivo. Next, we review the current use of SFF techniques in scaffold fabrication in the context of their clinical use in bone regeneration. Lastly, we comment on future developments in our groups, such as the functionalization of novel composite scaffolds with combinations of growth factors; and more specifically the promising area of heparan sulphate polysaccaride immobilization within the bone tissue engineering arena.
Programming the genome in embryonic and somatic stem cells
Authors: Collas Philippe , Noer Agate , Timoskainen Sanna 
Published: August 2007

Introduction
Epigenetic makeup of embryonic stem cells: keeping chromatin loose
The epigenetic makeup of mesenchymal stem cells reflects restricted differentiation potential
Linking DNA methylation to histone modifications, chromatin packaging and (re)organization of the nuclear compartment
Perspectives: towards remodelling the stem cell epigenome?

AbstractIn opposition to terminally differentiated cells, stem cells can self‐renew and give rise to multiple cell types. Embryonic stem cells retain the ability of the inner cell mass of blastocysts to differentiate into all cell types of the body and have acquired in culture unlimited self‐renewal capacity. Somatic stem cells are found in many adult tissues, have an extensive but finite lifespan and can differentiate into a more restricted array of cell types. A growing body of evidence indicates that multi‐lineage differentiation ability of stem cells can be defined by the potential for expression of lineage‐specification genes. Gene expression, or as emphasized here, potential for gene expression, is largely controlled by epigenetic modifications of DNA and chromatin on genomic regulatory and coding regions. These modifications modulate chromatin organization not only on specific genes but also at the level of the whole nucleus; they can also affect timing of DNA replication. This review highlights how mechanisms by which genes are poised for transcription in undifferentiated stem cells are being uncovered through primarily the mapping of DNA methylation, histone modifications and transcription factor binding throughout the genome. The combinatorial association of epigenetic marks on developmentally regulated and lineage‐specifying genes in undifferentiated cells seems to define a pluripotent state.
BOOKS
Authors: Olivarius Bent de Fine , Dalbj M. A. , Nimb Mogens , Remvig Jargen 
Published: August 2007

Brain's Diseases of the Nervous System. 7th edit. Revised by the late Lord Brain and John N. Walton. Helmut Künkel: Die Periodik der paroxysmalen Dysrhythmie im Elektroencephalogramm. WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence. Sixteenth Report. World Health Organization Technical Report Series. Psychiatry and the Deaf Child (1969). Edited for the National Deaf Children's Society by J. H. Kahn, M. D.
COMPARISON OF FRONTOPARIETAL AND TEMPOROPARIETAL UNILATERAL ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY
Authors: Widepalm K. , 'Elia G.d 
Published: August 2007

An intraindividual, double‐blind, cross‐over comparison of the anterograde effect on memory of unilateral non‐dominant frontoparietal (FP) and temporoparietal (TP) ECT was performed in connection with the second and third treatments of ECT‐series. Treatment technique was standardized and seizure duration was measured by means of EEG. Memory functions were examined 3 and 6 hours after treatments by means of parallel memory tests, and three operationally defined memory variables, immediate and delayed reproduction, and their difference, forgetting, were scored.The duration of the electrical stimulation (with constant intensity) necessary to evoke generalized seizure was similar in the two methods. The duration of seizure activity was significantly shorter after FP‐ECT. In spite of this difference, the anterograde effect on the memory variables was closely similar in the two treatments.The shorter duration of seizure activity after FP‐ECT indicates that a maximal seizure is more difficult to obtain with frontal electrode position. The lack of difference in anterograde effect between TP‐ECT and FP‐ECT indicates that little further reduction of memory impairment can be expected with new unilateral electrode positions.
LONG‐TERM TREATMENT OF PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS WITH CLOPENTHIXOL: ANALYSIS OF LABORATORY TESTS WITH A VIEW TO LONG‐TERM THERAPY
Authors: Ravn V. Hansen, J. , Rud C. 
Published: August 2007

For the purpose of investigating the effects of long‐term therapy with clopenthixol in terms of measurable laboratory parameters, 57 female patients who had been treated with clopenthixol alone from 3 to 9 years were examined. Twenty‐six patients had psychiatric diseases only 31 had concomitant somatic diseases. Several parametric and non‐parametric statistical methods (especially Spearman's Rho) were used to study the relationships between the measured values, in particular variations within the range between the two groups. Age, dose and duration of treatment were variables along with laboratory tests.There were no indications that long‐term treatment with clopenthixol exerts a nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, or haematotoxic effect. Changes did seem to occur in certain parameters, predominantly within the range of normal, especially as concerns thymol turbidity values and total leucocyte count.
A DOUBLE‐BLIND CLINICAL EVALUATION OF PENFLURIDOL (R 16 341) AS A MAINTENANCE THERAPY IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: Vandecasteele A. J. A. , Vereecken J. L. Th. M. 
Published: August 2007

Twenty‐one female schizophrenics (age range 34–74 years) were included in a clinical study assessing the effectiveness of penfluridol as a basic maintenance therapy. At the start of the study, the patients, all of whom had been successfully maintained on penfluridol for at least 6 months, were divided into two comparable groups. Group I (ten patients) received penfluridol and Group II(II patients) placebo under double‐blind conditions for 6 months. Patients were evaluated using a 36‐item questionnaire, which was completed before and after 1, 3, 4 and 6 months of treatment.When at any time during the study a patient deteriorated, haloperidol in individually adjusted doses was added to her treatment regimen. By the end of the study, eight of the 11 placebo patients received additional haloperidol, whereas only three of the penfluridol patients did.Evaluation of the scores on the rating scale showed no significant differences between the two treatment groups. The trial confirmed previously gained experience that penfluridol is a very suitable drug for the maintenance therapy of chronic schizophrenic patients.
MIND AND ULCER
Authors: Viskuml K. 
Published: August 2007

Among 2,619 patients admitted to a medical department for duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and ulcer dyspepsia without ulcer demonstrable by x‐ray, admissions to psychiatric departments were investigated. A total of 20.4 % of the patients had at some time during their lifetime been admitted, but no significant differences were observed in percentage among the three ulcer groups or the sexes.The incidence of psychoses was close to the expected, whereas neuroses among women and neuroses and psychopathy among men were far in excess of the expected. Among those operated on, the percentage of persons admitted to a psychiatric department was greater than among unoperated patients and their number of admissions per 100 observation years were significantly greater than for unoperated patients, within well‐defined observation periods. For patients operated on, only men with duodenal ulcer had significantly more admissions per 100 observation years in the postoperative than in the preoperative period. The course of the disease was more severe for patients with duodenal and gastric ulcer admitted to a psychiatric department than for those not admitted, but the subjective status at the time of the follow‐up did not differ between the two groups. Among men, there were a number of heavy drinkers, especially among those operated on.
EEG IN UNILATERAL AND BILATERAL ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY
Authors: Strömgren L. Sand , Juul‐Jensen P. 
Published: August 2007

The investigation concerned 100 patients with endogenous depression treated with ECT, 52 unilaterally on the non‐dominant hemisphere, and 48 bilaterally. A double‐blind investigation of the therapeutic effect and the effect on memory and on EEG was carried out. With unilateral treatment, mainly diffuse and same‐sided EEG changes appeared, while with bilateral treatment mainly diffuse and left‐sided changes occurred. Bilateral treatment led to significantly more EEG changes than did unilateral treatment. For both groups there was a tendency to greater changes after the last than after the sixth treatment.At termination of treatment, a significantly better therapeutic effect was found in cases where EEG changes appeared, especially severe EEG changes. This applied to the total material but not to the groups of unilaterals and bilaterals taken separately.In the entire material after the first six treatments, the greatest representation of patients with unchanged and imparied memory was found in cases with deteriorated EEG compared to cases with no EEG deterioration. After the entire series of ECT, this correlation no longer was present. After separation of the patients into unilaterals and bilaterals it was not present at any of the stages.In the bilateral group, ECT treatment gave more frequent and stronger EEG changes among the older than among the younger patients. For the unilateral group, there was no comparable difference.The number of weak seizures was significantly greater among the unilaterals than among the bilaterals. The therapeutic effect was not correlated to the number of weak seizures, but the number of weak seizures was positively correlated to the number of treatments applied.It was concluded that the therapeutic effect of ECT is positively correlated to the incidence and degree of EEG changes, while the positive correlation between therapeutic effect and age observed in previous investigations did not appear to have a consistent relationship to the appearance of EEG changes. The EEG findings support the contention that unilateral treatment may be considered to have a gentler action on the brain. The importance of obtaining sufficiently strong universal seizures is emphasised, since the treatment otherwise can be less effective unless a greater number of treatments are applied.
SJÖBRING PERSONALITY DIMENSIONS: NORMS FOR SOME AMERICAN POPULATIONS
Authors: Barrett J. E. 
Published: August 2007

An American version of the MNT Inventory (Sjöbring personality dimensions) was administered to three separate groups of American subjects. Normative data on the Sjöbring dimensions, including correlational data between the dimensions, was reported for these groups and compared to published normative data from prior studies in Sweden and in the United Kingdom.For the American groups, the correlations between dimensions were negligible or very small, in accord with Sjöbring theory. There were similar patterns to the scale scores and to the correlational data for the American groups and comparable Swedish groups.The results suggest that the American version of the MNT inventory is a valid tool for obtaining Sjöbring dimension scores on American subjects.