bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating spontaneous capillarity‐controlled events via the level set method
Authors: Prodanović Maša , Bryant Steven L. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractAn accurate description of the mechanics of pore level displacement of immiscible fluids could significantly improve the macroscopic parameter predictions in real porous media. Assuming quasi‐static displacement, we describe a simple but robust model based on the level set method for determining fluid interface position for both drainage and imbibition. The method arrives at geometrically correct interfaces while robustly handling topology changes and is independent of the pore space complexity. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An option pricing model based on jump telegraph processes
Authors: Ratanov Nikita 
Published: August 2008

AbstractA new class of financial market models is developed. These models are based on generalized telegraph processes: Markov random flows with alternating velocities and jumps occurring when the velocities are switching. While such markets may admit an arbitrage opportunity, the model under consideration is arbitrage‐free and complete if directions of jumps in stock prices are in a certain correspondence with their velocity and interest rate behaviour. An analog of the Black‐Scholes fundamental differential equation is derived, but, in contrast with the Black‐Scholes model, this equation is hyperbolic. Explicit formulas for prices of European options are obtained using perfect and quantile hedging. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Extension of the EJIIM to stationary two‐phase Stokes equations
Authors: Rutka Vita 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe extend the Explicit Jump Immersed InterfaceMethod (EJIIM) to stationary two phase Stokes equations with discontinuous viscosity. As the underlying finite difference method the discretization in velocity and pressure variables is used on a staggered grid. The resulting algorithm converges with second order in velocity and first in pressure. The iteration count for solving the resulting linear system remains practically constant under grid refinement and is independent of the viscosity contrast. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Modeling, simulation and control of a doubly‐fed induction machine
Authors: Batlle Carles , Dòria‐Cerezo Arnau , Fossas Enric 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe Hamiltonian model and control of a doubly‐fed induction machine is discussed. The geometric properties of the Hamiltonian formalism allow us to develop control algorithms which assure stability and good performance. Experimental results in good accordance with the control goals are presented. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A model of breast carcinogenesis and recurrence after radiotherapy
Authors: Enderling Heiko , Anderson Alexander R.A. , Chaplain Mark A.J. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBreast conserving surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy are the standard treatment of early stage breast cancer. We present simulations of a mathematical model of breast carcinogenesis and identify fields of mutated cells in the breast (formed during puberty or pregnancy) as a potential source of local recurrence after treatment with radiotherapy. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Strategic trade policy and signaling costs with differentiated goods
Authors: Ferreira Fernanda A. , Moreira Humberto A. , Pinto Alberto A. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe consider a trade policy model, where the costs of the home firm are private information but can be signaled through the output levels of the firm to a foreign competitor and a home policymaker. We compute the separating equilibrium and the Bayesian Nash equilibrium, and we compare the subsidies, firms' expected profits and home government's welfare in both equilibria, for different values of the own price effect parameter. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Variational sensitivity analysis and changes in the material configuration
Authors: Materna Daniel , Barthold Franz‐Joseph 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis contribution is concerned with some aspects of variational design sensitivity analysis in the physical and material configuration. Sensitivity analysis is a branch of structural optimization, e.g. shape or topology optimization. In these disciplines we consider variations of the material configuration and we are interested in the change of the state variables and the objective functional due to these variations. In the context of structural optimization this is termed as design sensitivity analysis. The sensitivities are required in order to solve the corresponding Lagrangian equation within standard nonlinear programming algorithms. In many engineering applications, the energy functional of the problem is used as the objective functional. In this paper, we consider variations of the energy with respect to the state and the design and we investigate sensitivity relations for the physical and material problem. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Octopus‐shaped instabilities of evaporating drops
Authors: Murisic N. , Kondic L. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe report on instabilities during spreading of volatile liquids, with emphasis on the novel instability observed when isopropyl alcohol (IPA) is deposited on a monocrystaline Si wafer. This instability is characterized by emission of drops ahead of the expanding front, with each drop followed by smaller, satellite droplets, forming the structures which we nickname ‘octopi’ due to their appearance. A less volatile liquid, or a substrate of larger heat conductivity, suppress this instability. We have formulated a theoretical model that reproduces the main features of the experiment. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Symbolic‐numeric algorithms for analysis of stochastic systems with different forms of aftereffect
Authors: Poloskov I.E. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractProblems concerned with an analysis of stochastic differential equations with delays are considered. The main idea of study consists of an extension of the phase space. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Interior‐point methods applied to the AC active‐reactive optimal power‐flow problem using cartesian coordinates
Authors: Probst Roy , Oliveira Aurelio , Soares Secundino , Thomaz Adriano 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe primal dual interior point methods are developed to the AC active and reactive optimal power flow problem. The representation of the tensions through cartesian coordinates is adopted, once the Hessian is constant and the Taylor expansion is accurate for the second order term. The advantage of working with polar coordinates, that easily model the tension magnitudes, lose importance due to the efficient treatment of inequalities proportionated by the interior point methods. Before the application of the method, the number of variables of the problem is reduced through the elimination of free dual variables. This elimination does not modify the sparse pattern of the problem. The linear system obtained can be further reduced to the dimension of twice the number of buses also with minor changes in the sparse structure of the matrices involved. Moreover, the final matrix is symmetric in structure. This feature can be exploited reducing the computational effort per iteration. Computational experiments for IEEE system problems are presented for several starting point strategies showing the advantages of the proposed approach. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Option pricing using multivariate Lévy processes
Authors: Winter Christoph , Reich Nils 
Published: August 2008

AbstractFor d ‐dimensional Lévy models we provide a method for Finite Element‐based asset pricing. We derive the partial integrodifferential pricing equation and prove that the corresponding variational problem is well‐posed. Hereto, an explicit characterization of the domain of the bilinear form is given. For the numerical implementation the problem is discretized by sparse tensor product Finite Element spaces. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Large‐scale simulation of arterial walls: mechanical modeling
Authors: Balzani Daniel , Brands Dominik , Klawonn Axel , Rheinbach Oliver 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBiological soft tissues appearing in arterial walls are characterized by a nearly incompressible, anisotropic hyperelastic material behavior in the physiological range of deformations. For the representation of such materials we apply a polyconvex strain energy function in order to ensure the existence of minimizers and in order to satisfy the Legendre‐Hadamard condition automatically. When arteries are overstretched, discontinuous damage is observed. For the modeling of this effect we apply a damage model, which basically assumes that the damage occurs mainly in fiber direction. For the numerical simulation we consider an atherosclerotic artery and apply a high internal pressure which is comparable to the pressure applied during a balloon‐angioplasty. The 3D‐discretization results in a large system of equations, therefore, a parallel algorithm using FETI‐DP is applied to solve the boundary value problem. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A multiobjective decomposition‐coordination framework with an application to vehicle layout and configuration design
Authors: Engau Alexander , Fadel Georges M. , Wiecek Margaret M. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis short paper addresses both researchers in multiobjective optimization as well as industrial practitioners and decision makers in need of solving optimization and decision problems with multiple criteria. To enhance the solution and decision process, a multiobjective decomposition‐coordination framework is presented that initially decomposes the original problem into a collection of smaller‐sized subproblems that can be solved for their individual solution sets. A common solution for all decomposed and, thus, the original problem is then achieved through a subsequent coordination mechanism that uses the concept of epsilon‐efficiency to integrate decisions on the desired tradeoffs between these individual solutions. An application to a problem from vehicle configuration design is selected for further illustration of the results in this paper and suggests that the proposed method is an effective and promising new solution technique for multicriteria decision making and optimization. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A novel class of thermodynamically consistent isotropic hardening rules for some damage models at finite strains
Authors: Fell Christian , Eidel Bernhard 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis paper proposes isotropic hardening rules for plasticity damage models which satisfy the 2nd law of thermodynamics. Here, the Gurson ‐model modified by Tvergaard/Needleman is used as a prototype model for finite strains to discuss main properties of the novel hardening rules. Additionally it is shown that thermodynamically consistent rules are suitable to fit experimental data. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Symmetry analysis for a thin film equation
Authors: Gandarias M.L. , Bruzón M.S. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractIn this work we give a complete group classification of the thin film equation ut = –(f (u)xxx )x – kg (u)x . By using Lie classical method the corresponding reductions are performed and some solutions are characterized. Some nonclassical symmetries for an associated potential system are derived. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Nonlocal boundary value problem for a system of singular differential equations and applications to cusped prismatic shells
Authors: Jaiani George 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe paper deals with a system of singular partial differential equations of the first and second order arising in the zero approximation of I.Vekua's hierarchical models of prismatic shells, when the thickness of the shell varies as a power function of one argument and vanishes at the cusped edge of the shell. For this system of special type a nonlocal boundary value problem in a half‐plane is solved in the explicit form. The boundary value problem under consideration corresponds to stress‐strain state of the cusped prismatic shell [1,2] under the action of concentrated forces and moments. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Free‐surface film flow over topography under electric fields
Authors: Tseluiko D. , Blyth M. G. , Papageorgiou D. T. , Vanden‐Broeck J.‐M. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe study a gravity‐driven flow of a liquid down an inclined uneven wall in the presence of a normal electric field. We derive an evolution equation for the free‐surface, and analyse steady‐state solutions for flows into a rectangular trench and over a rectangular mound. The results are corroborated by boundary‐element calculations for Stokes flow. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Multiplexed glycoproteomic analysis of glycosylation disorders by sequential yolk immunoglobulins immunoseparation and MALDI‐TOF MS
Authors: Sturiale Luisa , Barone Rita , Palmigiano Angelo , Ndosimao Célestin Nsibu , Briones Paz , Adamowicz Maciej , Jaeken Jaak , Garozzo Domenico 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis study applied yolk immunoglobulins immunoaffinity separation and MALDI‐TOF MS for clinical proteomics of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) and secondary glycosylation disorders [galactosemia and hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI)]. Serum transferrin (Tf) and α1‐antitrypsin (AAT) that are markers for CDG, were purified sequentially to obtain high‐quality MALDI mass spectra to differentiate single glycoforms of the native intact glycoproteins. The procedure was found feasible for the investigation of protein macroheterogeneity due to glycosylation site underoccupancy then ensuing the characterization of patients with CDG group I (N‐glycan assembly disorders). Following PNGase F digestion of the purified glycoprotein, the characterization of protein microheterogeneity by N‐glycan MS analysis was performed in a patient with CDG group II (processing disorders). CDG‐Ia patients showed a typical profile of underglycosylation where the fully glycosylated glycoforms are always the most abundant present in plasma with lesser amounts of partially and unglycosylated glycoforms in this order. Galactosemia and HFI are potentially fatal diseases, which benefit from early diagnosis and prompt therapeutic intervention. In symptomatic patients with galactosemia and in those with HFI, MALDI MS of Tf and AAT depicts a hypoglycosylation profile with a significant increase of underglycosylated glycoforms that reverses by dietary treatment, representing a clue for diagnosis and treatment monitoring.
A study of the Candida albicans cell wall proteome
Authors: Castillo Luis , Calvo Enrique , Martínez Ana I. , Ruiz‐Herrera José , Valentín Eulogio , Lopez Juan A. , Sentandreu Rafael 
Published: August 2008

AbstractConsidering the importance of proteins in the structure and function of the cell wall of Candida albicans, we analyzed the cell wall subproteome of this important human pathogen by LC coupled to MS (LC‐MS) using different protein extraction procedures. The analyzed samples included material extracted by hydrogen fluoride‐pyridine (HF‐pyridine), and whole SDS‐extracted cell walls. The use of this latter innovative procedure gave similar data as compared to the analysis of HF‐pyridine extracted proteins. A total of 21 cell wall proteins predicted to contain a signal peptide were identified, together with a high content of potentially glycosylated Ser/Thr residues, and the presence of a GPI motif in 19 of them. We also identified 66 “atypical” cell wall proteins that lack the above‐mentioned characteristics. After tryptic removal of the most accessible proteins in the cell wall, several of the same expected GPI proteins and the most commonly found “atypical” wall proteins were identified. This result suggests that proteins are located not only at the cell wall surface, but are embedded within the cell wall itself. These results, which include new identified cell wall proteins, and comparison of proteins in blastospore and mycelial walls, will help to elucidate the C. albicans cell wall architecture.
Combination of immunohistochemistry and laser ablation ICP mass spectrometry for imaging of cancer biomarkers
Authors: Seuma Jaume , Bunch Josephine , Cox Alan , McLeod Cameron , Bell Jane , Murray Cliff 
Published: August 2008

AbstractLaser ablation (LA) ICP‐MS has been developed as a new tool for imaging of cancer biomarkers in tissue sections. The distribution of two breast cancer‐associated proteins, MUC‐1 and HER2 was studied based on multiple line rastering of tissue sections and measurement of relevant Au/Ag tagged antibodies bound to the tissue. Comparisons with optical microscopy indicated extremely high sensitivity for the LA technique and sufficiently good resolution to permit fine scale feature mapping at the cellular level. Application to the quantitative assessment of HER2 expression in tissue microarrays was demonstrated.
Direct profiling and identification of peptide expression differences in the pancreas of control and ob/ob mice by imaging mass spectrometry
Authors: Minerva Laurens , Clerens Stefan , Baggerman Geert , Arckens Lutgarde 
Published: August 2008

AbstractImaging mass spectrometry (IMS) technology utilizes MALDI MS to map molecules of interest in thin tissue sections. In this study, we have evaluated the potential of MALDI IMS to study peptide expression patterns in the mouse pancreas under normal and pathological conditions, and to in situ identify peptides of interest using MS/MS. Different regions of the pancreas of both control and ob/ob mice were imaged, resulting in peptide‐specific profiles. The distribution of ions of m/z 3120 and 3439 displayed a striking resemblance with Langerhans islet's histology and, following MS/MS fragmentation and database searching were identified as C‐peptide of insulin and glicentin‐related polypeptide, respectively. In addition, a significant increase of the 3120 peak intensity in the obese mice was observed. This study underscores the potential of MALDI IMS to study the contribution of peptides to pancreas pathology.
High‐throughput proteomic analysis of formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissue microarrays using MALDI imaging mass spectrometry
Authors: Groseclose M. Reid , Massion Pierre P. , Chaurand Pierre , Caprioli Richard M. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractA novel method for high‐throughput proteomic analysis of formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissue microarrays (TMA) is described using on‐tissue tryptic digestion followed by MALDI imaging MS. A TMA section containing 112 needle core biopsies from lung‐tumor patients was analyzed using MS and the data were correlated to a serial hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)‐stained section having various histological regions marked, including cancer, non‐cancer, and normal ones. By correlating each mass spectrum to a defined histological region, statistical classification models were generated that can sufficiently distinguish biopsies from adenocarcinoma from squamous cell carcinoma biopsies. These classification models were built using a training set of biopsies in the TMA and were then validated on the remaining biopsies. Peptide markers of interest were identified directly from the TMA section using MALDI MS/MS sequence analysis. The ability to detect and characterize tumor marker proteins for a large cohort of FFPE samples in a high‐throughput approach will be of significant benefit not only to investigators studying tumor biology, but also to clinicians for diagnostic and prognostic purposes.
A graphical device to represent the outcomes of a logistic regression analysis
Authors: Kranse Ries , Roobol Monique , Schröder Fritz H. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBACKGROUNDOngoing research on the best way to diagnose prostate cancer has yielded and will continue to yield vast amounts of information. Based on, for example, information from prostate cancer screening trials models have been made that enable urologists to predict which man has prostate cancer on the basis of pre‐biopsy data. In patients with screen detected prostate cancer, the presence of indolent disease can now be identified with reasonable certainty by a different model. For these men active surveillance may be a better option than aggressive treatment with its possible side effects as impotence, incontinence and bowel damage. Both models mentioned above are logistic regression models. Nomograms enable their use in daily clinical practice.METHODSNomograms require the memorization and addition of intermediate results. We aimed to design a device that has the same function as a nomogram without this draw back.RESULTSA new device that resembles a circular slide rule was developed and is currently being tested in prostate cancer diagnosis and in prostate cancer patient counseling.CONCLUSIONSThe new device has identical functionality to the nomogram without the drawback of the latter. The application of the device is not limited to the field of prostate cancer research. Prostate 68: 1674–1680, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Charged single α‐helix: A versatile protein structural motif
Authors: Süveges Dániel , Gáspári Zoltán , Tóth Gábor , Nyitray László 
Published: August 2008

AbstractA few highly charged natural peptide sequences were recently suggested to form stable α‐helical structures in water. In this article we show that these sequences represent a novel structural motif called “charged single α‐helix” (CSAH). To obtain reliable candidate CSAH motifs, we developed two conceptually different computational methods capable of scanning large databases: SCAN4CSAH is based on sequence features characteristic for salt bridge stabilized single α‐helices, whereas FT_CHARGE applies Fourier transformation to charges along sequences. Using the consensus of the two approaches, a remarkable number of proteins were found to contain putative CSAH domains. Recombinant fragments (50–60 residues) corresponding to selected hits obtained by both methods (myosin 6, Golgi resident protein GCP60, and M4K4 protein kinase) were produced and shown by circular dichroism spectroscopy to adopt largely α‐helical structure in water. CSAH segments differ substantially both from coiled‐coil and intrinsically disordered proteins, despite the fact that current prediction methods recognize them as either or both. Analysis of the proteins containing CSAH motif revealed possible functional roles of the corresponding segments. The suggested main functional features include the formation of relatively rigid spacer/connector segments between functional domains as in caldesmon, extension of the lever arm in myosin motors and mediation of transient interactions by promoting dimerization in a range of proteins. Proteins 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of Na, Mg and Al substitution in hypothetical superconducting Be2B
Authors: Kadri M. T. , Heciri D. , Derradji N. E. , Belfarhi B. , Belkhir H. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractA theoretical study of the structural and electronic properties of the beryllium semiboride Be2B and its ternary phases (AlBeB, NaBeB and MgBeB) is presented using the full‐potential linearized augmented plane wave method. Exchange and correlation effects are treated within the Perdew–Wang local density approximation and the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof generalized gradient approximation. Results are given for lattice constant and bulk modulus and its pressure derivative. Band structure, density of states and charge density are also given. We also have examined the possibility of modifying the band structure of Be2B via partial substitution of Al, Mg and Na for Be, in order to predict possible superconductive properties for these compounds. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)