bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning for Maximizing the Memristivity of Single and Coupled Quantum Memristors
Authors: Hernani‐Morales Carlos , Alvarado Gabriel , Albarrán‐Arriagada Francisco , Vives‐Gilabert Yolanda , Solano Enrique , Martín‐Guerrero José D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMachine learning (ML) methods are proposed to characterize the memristive properties of single and coupled quantum memristors. It is shown that maximizing the memristivity leads to large values in the degree of entanglement of two quantum memristors, unveiling the close relationship between quantum correlations and memory. The results strengthen the possibility of using quantum memristors as key components of neuromorphic quantum computing.
Simulation study of digital waveform‐driven quadrupole mass filter operated in higher stability regions for high‐resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors: Hu Rui , Gundlach‐Graham Alexander 
Published: April 2024

RationaleThe use of a frequency‐scanned digital quadrupole mass filter (QMF) with varying duty cycles shows promise for application as a high‐resolution mass analyzer design for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). High resolution in ICP‐MS is important to overcome isobaric polyatomic interferences. Here, we explore the possibility and the characteristics of using a digital quadrupole operating in higher stability regions for ICP‐MS.MethodsWe perform computational simulations in SIMION of a digital QMF that is operated by scanning the frequency of the digital waveform at a fixed driving voltage and various duty cycles. For ions in the atomic mass range (7–238 m/z), we investigate the expected resolution, transmission, fringe field effects, and ion trajectories. We compare different characteristics between sine and digital waveform QMF.ResultsWithin the capability of current digital waveform generation technology, a digital QMF can produce variable mass resolution, from several hundred to more than 10 000. This mass resolution covers the low, medium, and high resolutions that are typical for sector‐field ICP‐MS. Additionally, simulations suggest that transmission of the QMF remains high at high resolution. For example, with 87.50/12.50 duty cycle (zone 4,1), resolution at 10% peak width is 10 420 for m/z 80. The transmission through the quadrupole, which is constant for all isoenergetic ions, is ~2.5%, and most ion loss is due to the defocusing effects of the fringe field. Compared to sinusoidal QMFs, ions need many fewer cycles in the digital QMF to obtain high resolution.ConclusionThe results demonstrate that the use of a frequency‐scanned, duty‐cycle‐modulated digital QMF as the mass analyzer for ICP‐MS has the potential to produce high resolution while maintaining considerable transmission, thus overcoming most spectral interferences in elemental MS.
Small Peptide Conjugates of Benzothiazole‐2‐Carboxylic Acids Targeting DprE1 Against Tuberculosis
Authors: Samoon Rabiya , Sau Shashikanta , Khan Arif , Latief Insha , Kalia Nitin Pal , Abdin Malik Zainul , Shafi Syed 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInhibitors of Decaprenylphosphoryl‐β‐D‐ribose 2′‐epimerase (DprE1) are being thoroughly explored as potential pharmacological entities for the development of new anti‐tubercular therapeutics. In this context, benzothiazole‐bearingcompounds have emerged as potential non‐covalent DprE1 inhibitors active against mycobacterium tuberculosis. In view of the promising anti‐tubercular activity of benzothiazole based non‐covalent DprE1 inhibitor TCA1; a series of thirty small peptide conjugates of benzothiazole‐2‐carboxylic acid has been synthesized and evaluated for their anti‐tubercular activity against the M.tb H37Ra strain by broth microdilution assay. Among the compounds tested, compounds methyl (6‐methoxybenzo[d]thiazole‐2 carbonyl)tryptophylalaninate and methyl (6‐methylbenzo[d]thiazole‐2‐carbonyl)tryptophylalaninate demonstrated potential anti‐tubercular activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 4 and 8 μg/mL, respectively. These compounds were further identified to be mycobactericidal and are completely killing the microbes at 8‐16 μg/mL concentrations. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity study of most potent compound methyl (6‐methoxybenzo[d]thiazole‐2 carbonyl)tryptophylalaninate illustrated no significant toxicity to the human cell line HepG2. Moreover, synthesised compounds were subject to molecular docking, ADME studies and MM‐GBSA calculations. In silico studies suggest that these compounds show strong interactions with key amino acids in the binding pocket of DprE1 (PDBID: 4KW5) with the most active conjugates residing well (with docking scores of −08.49 and −7.902 kcal/mol).
Nanopatterning Induced Si Doping in Amorphous Ga2O3 for Enhanced Electrical Properties and Ultra‐Fast Photodetection
Authors: Kaur Damanpreet , Rakhi  , Posti Raghvendra , Singh Jaspreet , Roy Debangsu , Sarkar Subhendu , Kumar Mukesh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGa2O3 has emerged as a promising material for the wide‐bandgap industry aiming at devices beyond the limits of conventional silicon. Amorphous Ga2O3 is widely being used for flexible electronics, but suffers from very high resistivity. Conventional methods of doping like ion implantation require high temperatures post‐processing, thereby limiting their use. Herein, an unconventional method of doping Ga2O3 films with Si, thereby enhancing its electrical properties, is reported. Ion‐beam sputtering (500 eV Ar+) is utilized to nanopattern SiO2‐coated Si substrate leaving the topmost part rich in elemental Si. This helps in enhancing the carrier conduction by increasing n‐type doping of the subsequently coated 5 nm amorphous Ga2O3 films, corroborated by room‐temperature resistivity measurement and valence band spectra, respectively, while the nanopatterns formed help in better light management. Finally, as proof of concept, metal‐semiconductor‐metal (MSM) photoconductor devices fabricated on doped, rippled films show superior properties with responsivity increasing from 6 to 433 mA W−1 while having fast detection speeds of 861 µs/710 µs (rise/fall time) as opposed to non‐rippled devices (377 ms/392 ms). The results demonstrate a facile, cost‐effective, and large‐area method to dope amorphous Ga2O3 films in a bottom‐up approach which may be employed for increasing the electrical conductivity of other amorphous oxide semiconductors as well.
Understanding the Behavior of Supercapacitor Materials via Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy: A Review
Authors: Perdana Muhamad Yudatama , Johan Bashir Ahmed , Abdallah Muaz , Hossain Md. Emdad , Aziz Md. Abdul , Baroud Turki Nabieh , Drmosh Qasem Ahmed 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEnergy harvesting and energy storage are two critical aspects of supporting the energy transition and sustainability. Many studies have been conducted to achieve excellent performance devices for these two purposes. As energy‐storing devices, supercapacitors (SCs) have tremendous potential to be applied in several sectors. Some electrochemical characterizations define the performance of SCs. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is one of the most powerful analyses to determine the performance of SCs. Some parameters obtained from this analysis include bulk resistance, charge‐transfer resistance, total resistance, specific capacitance, response frequency, and response time. This work provides a holistic and comprehensive review of utilizing EIS for SC characterization. Overall, researchers can benefit from this review by gaining a comprehensive understanding of the utilization of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for characterizing supercapacitors (SCs), enabling them to enhance SC performance and contribute to the advancement of energy harvesting and storage technologies.
Osseous choanal atresia in a canine patient
Authors: Chrysanthakopoulou Foteini , Bourdekas Panagiotis , Lyraki Maria , Panopoulos Ioannis 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA 2‐year‐old, male, intact dog presented with a history of stertorous breathing since infancy, unresponsive to antibiotic therapy. On rostral rigid endoscopy, there were no remarkable findings. However, computed tomography revealed bilateral atresia of the nasal choanae, with focal hyperossification and severe narrowing, with accompanying hypoventilation of the nasopharynx. Retrograde flexible nasopharyngoscopy confirmed the severe partial choanal atresia. Surgical intervention was declined by the owner due to reasonably acceptable quality of life; therefore, only environmental modifications and symptomatic care have been implemented so far.
Recent advances on mechanisms of network generation: Community, exchangeability, and scale‐free properties
Authors: Li Zhengpin , Hou Yanxi , Wang Tiandong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe mechanisms of network generation have undergone extensive analysis and found broad applications in various real‐world scenarios. Among the fruitful literature on network models, numerous studies seek to explore and interpret fundamental graph structure properties, including the clustering effect, exchangeability, and scale‐free properties. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of the statistical modeling methods for the mechanisms of network generation. We specifically focus on three representative classes of models, namely the stochastic block models, the exchangeable network models, and the preferential attachment models. For each model type, our approach begins by reviewing existing methods and model setups, followed by an exploration of the core modeling principles behind them. We also summarize relevant statistical inference techniques and provide a unified understanding of theoretical analyses. Furthermore, we emphasize several challenges and open problems that could shed light on future research. We conclude this review with the identification of some possible directions for future study.This article is categorized under:
Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Modeling Methods and Algorithms
Algorithms and Computational Methods > Networks and Security
Language lesson learned—foreign-origin teachers and their effect on students’ language skills
Authors: Höckel Lisa Sofie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInternational migration increases classroom diversity around the world, but little is known about the effect of foreign-origin teachers on students’ academic achievement. This study investigates whether foreign-origin teachers causally affect their students’ academic performance. Exploiting within-student variation in assignment to teachers in Germany, I find that teachers who are immigrants or descendants of immigrants significantly increase the reading comprehension of their students in secondary school, but do not affect their math skills. This study is the first to investigate bilingualism as a potential mechanism and shows that the effect on reading comprehension is driven by bilingual foreign-origin teachers. Given their own experience in language learning, they seem exceptionally well-equipped to teach languages. This study contributes to the scant evidence on the causal relationship between teachers’ foreign origin and students’ academic achievement in light of a large and persistent achievement gap between native and foreign-origin students.
Determination of phenolic content and bioactive characterization of Anatolian propolis
Authors: Can Zehra , Birinci Ceren , Kara Yakup , Esertaş Ülkü Zeynep Üreyen , Kolaylı Sevgi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, propolis referred to as of Türkiye Anatolian propolis was utilized. This work was aim to prepare a 70% ethanolic extract of propolis and subsequently determine certain biochemical parameters, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), phenolic and flavonoid composition, inhibitory effects on certain enzymes [acetylcholinesterase (AChE), urease, and alpha-amylase], along with assessments of antiviral activity against Vero cells, lung cancer cells (A549), and breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). The richness of phenolic content in Anatolian propolis clearly indicates a high inhibitory effect on these enzymes. Additionally, it was observed to exert significant effects on cancer cells and demonstrated effective antiviral activity. It can be contemplated that the Anatolian propolis might serve as a potential source for novel drugs, and the isolation of its compounds could offer opportunities for utilization in traditional medicine.
CD200 is overexpressed in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment and predictive of overall survival
Authors: Wedig Jessica , Jasani Shrina , Mukherjee Debasmita , Lathrop Hannah , Matreja Priya , Pfau Timothy , D’Alesio Liliana , Guenther Abigail , Fenn Lexie , Kaiser Morgan , Torok Molly A. , McGue Jake , Sizemore Gina M. , Noonan Anne M. , Dillhoff Mary E. , Blaser Bradley W. , Frankel Timothy L. , Culp Stacey , Hart Phil A. , Cruz-Monserrate Zobeida , Mace Thomas A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPancreatic cancer is an aggressive disease with a 5 year survival rate of 13%. This poor survival is attributed, in part, to limited and ineffective treatments for patients with metastatic disease, highlighting a need to identify molecular drivers of pancreatic cancer to target for more effective treatment. CD200 is a glycoprotein that interacts with the receptor CD200R and elicits an immunosuppressive response. Overexpression of CD200 has been associated with differential outcomes, depending on the tumor type. In the context of pancreatic cancer, we have previously reported that CD200 is expressed in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment (TME), and that targeting CD200 in murine tumor models reduces tumor burden. We hypothesized that CD200 is overexpressed on tumor and stromal populations in the pancreatic TME and that circulating levels of soluble CD200 (sCD200) have prognostic value for overall survival. We discovered that CD200 was overexpressed on immune, stromal, and tumor populations in the pancreatic TME. Particularly, single-cell RNA-sequencing indicated that CD200 was upregulated on inflammatory cancer-associated fibroblasts. Cytometry by time of flight analysis of PBMCs indicated that CD200 was overexpressed on innate immune populations, including monocytes, dendritic cells, and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells. High sCD200 levels in plasma correlated with significantly worse overall and progression-free survival. Additionally, sCD200 correlated with the ratio of circulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 3: tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) 3 and MMP11/TIMP3. This study highlights the importance of CD200 expression in pancreatic cancer and provides the rationale for designing novel therapeutic strategies that target this protein.
Per-class curriculum for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation in semantic segmentation
Authors: Alcover-Couso Roberto , SanMiguel Juan C. , Escudero-Viñolo Marcos , Carballeira Pablo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Accurate training of deep neural networks for semantic segmentation requires a large number of pixel-level annotations of real images, which are expensive to generate or not even available. In this context, Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) can transfer knowledge from unlimited synthetic annotations to unlabeled real images of a given domain. UDA methods are composed of an initial training stage with labeled synthetic data followed by a second stage for feature alignment between labeled synthetic and unlabeled real data. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for UDA focusing the initial training stage, which leads to increased performance after adaptation. We introduce a curriculum strategy where each semantic class is learned progressively. Thereby, better features are obtained for the second stage. This curriculum is based on: (1) a class-scoring function to determine the difficulty of each semantic class, (2) a strategy for incremental learning based on scoring and pacing functions that limits the required training time unlike standard curriculum-based training and (3) a training loss to operate at class level. We extensively evaluate our approach as the first stage of several state-of-the-art UDA methods for semantic segmentation. Our results demonstrate significant performance enhancements across all methods: improvements of up to 10% for entropy-based techniques and 8% for adversarial methods. These findings underscore the dependency of UDA on the accuracy of the initial training. The implementation is available at https://github.com/vpulab/PCCL.
Safety and feasibility of early discharge after transcatheter aortic valve implantation with ACURATE Neo—the POLESTAR trial
Authors: Ooms Joris F. , Cornelis Kristoff , Wijeysundera Harindra C. , Vandeloo Bert , Van Der Heyden Jan , Kovac Jan , Wood David , Chan Albert , Wykyrzykowska Joanna , Rosseel Liesbeth , Cunnington Michael , van der Kley Frank , Rensing Benno , Voskuil Michiel , Hildick-Smith David , Van Mieghem Nicolas M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) serves a growing range of patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). TAVI has evolved to a streamlined procedure minimizing length of hospital stay.

Aims
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of an early discharge (ED) strategy after TAVI.

Methods
We performed an international, multi-center, prospective observational single-arm study in AS patients undergoing TAVI with the ACURATE valve platform. Eligibility for ED was assessed prior to TAVI and based on prespecified selection criteria. Discharge ≤ 48 h was defined as ED. Primary Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC)-3-defined 30-day safety and efficacy composite endpoints were landmarked at 48 h and compared between ED and non-ED groups.

Results
A total of 252 patients were included. The median age was 82 [25th–75th percentile, 78–85] years and the median Society of Thoracic Surgeons Predicted Risk of Mortality (STS-PROM) score was 2.2% [25th–75th percentile, 1.6–3.3]. ED and non-ED were achieved in 173 (69%) and 79 (31%) patients respectively. Monitoring for conduction disturbances was the principal reason for non-ED (33%). Overall, at 30 days, all-cause mortality was 1%, new permanent pacemaker rate was 4%, and valve- or procedure-related rehospitalization was 4%. There was no difference in the primary safety and efficacy endpoint between the ED and non-ED cohorts (OR 0.84 [25th–75th percentile, 0.31–2.26], p = 0.73, and OR 0.97 [25th–75th percentile, 0.46–2.06], p = 0.94). The need for rehospitalization was similarly low for ED and non-ED groups.

Conclusion
Early discharge after TAVI with the ACURATE valve is safe and feasible in selected patients. Rhythm monitoring and extended clinical observation protracted hospital stay.

Graphical Abstract
Safety and feasibility of early discharge after transcatheter aortic valve implantation with ACURATE Neo, an international multi-center, prospective observational single-arm study. OR, odds ratio (95% confidence interval); VARC, Valve Academic Research Consortium
Transepithelial phototherapeutic keratectomy for treatment-resistant recurrent corneal erosion syndrome
Authors: Bizrah Mukhtar , Shunmugam Maheshver , Ching Geoffrey , Patel Radhika P. , Din Nizar , Lin David T. C. , Holland Simon P. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of trans-epithelial phototherapeutic keratectomy (TE-PTK) as a treatment for recurrent corneal erosion syndrome (RCES) in patients with symptoms refractory to conventional treatments.

Methods
All patients who received TE-PTK treatment for RCES had failed 3 or more conventional treatments and were reviewed, and if met criteria, approved by healthcare workers of the British Columbia public health authority (Medical Services Plan (MSP). A retrospective chart review and telephone survey were conducted at the Pacific Laser Eye Centre (PLEC). Exclusion criteria were ocular co-morbidities potentially affecting treatment efficacy.

Results
This study included 593 eyes of 555 patients (46.2% male; 50.9 ± 14.2 years old) who underwent TE-PTK. The leading identified causes of RCES were trauma (45.7%) and anterior basement membrane dystrophy (44.2%). The most common pre-PTK interventions were ocular lubricants (90.9%), hypertonic solutions (77.9%), and bandage contact lenses (50.9%). Thirty-six eyes had undergone surgical interventions such as stromal puncture, epithelial debridement, or diamond burr polishing. Post-PTK, 78% of patients did not require any subsequent therapies and 20% required ongoing drops. Six patients (1.1%) reported no symptom improvement and required repeat TE-PTK for ongoing RCES symptoms after initial TE-PTK. All 6 eyes were successfully retreated with TE-PTK (average time to retreatment was 11.3 ± 14.9 months). There was no significant difference in best corrected visual acuity pre- vs. post-operatively. The mean post-operative follow-up was 60.5 months (range: 5–127 months).

Conclusion
TE-PTK has a good efficacy and safety profile for treatment-resistant RCES. The third-party public health–reviewed nature of this study, the low recurrence rate of RCES, and the low PTK retreatment rate suggest that TE-PTK might be considered for wider use in the management of RCES.
Influenza vaccine uptake in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a multi-centre cross-sectional study
Authors: Maritsi Despoina , Dasoula Foteini , Ziv Amit , Bizjak Maša , Balažiová Barbora , Matošević Matija , Yildiz Mehmet , Alpert Noa , Lamot Lovro , Kasapcopur Ozgur , Dallos Tomáš , Uziel Yosef , Toplak Natasa , Heshin-Bekenstein Merav 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWhile most countries provide safe and effective influenza vaccines for at-risk groups, influenza vaccine coverage among children with rheumatic diseases remains uncertain. This study investigated influenza vaccination rates in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) during the 2019–2020 season and assessed the knowledge and attitudes of caregivers of children with JIA regarding influenza vaccination. The secondary aims were to identify barriers to vaccination and explore strategies to improve vaccination rates. A multi-centre, cross-sectional anonymous survey was conducted in 7 countries during the 2019–2020 influenza season to assess the uptake history of influenza vaccination. Among 287 participants, only 87 (30%) children with JIA received the influenza vaccine during the 2019–2020 season. Children who were more likely to be vaccinated were those with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA), a history of previous vaccination and those aware of the vaccination recommendations. Conversely, children who previously experienced adverse vaccine-related events reported the lowest uptake. The primary reason for non-vaccination was lack of awareness about the necessity of influenza vaccination. Conclusion: Despite variations among countries, the uptake of influenza vaccines remains low in children with JIA. Improving awareness among families about the importance of influenza vaccination may increase vaccination rates in children with rheumatic diseases.

What is Known:• Rheumatic children are at increased risk for influenza infection due to immunosuppressive therapy and immune dysregulation.• Influenza vaccine is formally recommended to children with rheumatic diseases.

What is New:• This multicentre study showed that influenza vaccine uptake rates remain suboptimal among children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis despite formal recommendations.• Factors like previous experience with vaccination and information provided by medical professionals via different ways play essential roles in increasing vaccination rates and can contribute to improved health outcomes for these vulnerable children.