bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leukocyte adherence inhibition: A simple test for cell‐mediated tumour immunity and serum blocking factors
Authors: Halliday W. J. , Miller Susan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA proportion of peritoneal leukocytes from CBA mice adhered to glass haemacytometer surfaces and withstood a gentle washing. This proportion was reduced with cells taken from mice sensitized to a methylcholanthrene‐induced tumour, when the specific tumour antigen was added in the form of a soluble extract. The reaction of leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) may have an immunological basis similar to that of macrophage migration inhibition, but LAI is a much simpler procedure. Leukocytes were active in LAI when taken from animals bearing tumours and after tumour removal.When serum from mice bearing a particular tumour was added to sensitized leukocytes in the presence of the specific tumour antigen, the inhibition of adherence was substantially relieved or blocked. LAI could thus be used to demonstrate both cellmediated immunity to tumours and blocking factors in serum by a brief, simple procedure. A potential application to human tumour immunology is indicated.
Evolution of complement‐fixing antibody titers with the development of burkitt's lymphoma
Authors: Sohier Roger , De‐Thé Guy 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera of 29 patients with Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) were studied at different stages of the disease process for complement‐fixing (CF) activities against a soluble antigen extracted from a leukaemia‐derived and virus‐producing lymphoblastoid line (QIMR‐WIL line of Pope). The CF antibody activity was low (with a geometric mean titre (GMT) of 12.35) in sera from patients with controlled tumour, and high (GMT of 38) in patients with advanced or progressive tumours. Furthermore, in seven cases, the CF litres decreased with the regression of the tumour, and in five cases, the CF titres increased in parallel with the progression of the disease. This situation recalls that observed in acute viral infections, where CF antibodies disappear rapidly once the infection is controlled. CF and EA (early antigen (s)) antibodies should be studied in parallel on the same sera as a possible means for establishing prognosis in BL patients.
Antibodies to eb virus capsid antigen and to soluble antigen of lymphoblastoid cells in infectious mononucleosis patients
Authors: Vonka Vladimír , Vlčková Ivana , Závadová Hana , Kouba Karel , Lazovská Jana , Duben Josef 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera from infectious mononucleosis patients aged 2 to 35 years and from normal subjects aged 11 to 35 years were examined for the presence of antibody to the EB virus capsid antigen (VCA) in the indirect immunofluorescence test, and for the presence of antibody reactive with the soluble (S) antigen of lymphoblastoid cell lines in the complement‐fixation test. Sera from all infectious mononucleosis patients taken either in the acute stage of the disease or up to 9 years after its onset contained VCA antibody. The sera taken in the acute stage of the disease were free of S antibody; out of 97 sera investigated only one was weakly reactive. Only one of the seven sera taken 4 to 5 months after the onset of the disease contained S antibody. After the 7th month following onset, the majority of the subjects possessed S antibody. These data indicate that the S antibody appears much later in the course of EB virus infection than the VCA antibody. The predominant majority of sera from subjects with no history of the disease possessed VCA antibody; most of these also possessed S antibody. The incidence of S antibody in these subjects and those who had been suffering from infectious mononucleosis 1 to 9 years previously were comparable.
Purification of antibodies to membrane antigens of hamster cells transformed by sv40 and binding of the radioiodinated, purified antibodies to intact cells
Authors: Kedar Eli , Aaronov Aaron , Goldblum Nathan , Sulitzeanu Dov 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntisera to membrane antigens of SV40‐transformed hamster kidney cells were prepared by injecting a membrane fraction of HK7 cells into rabbits. Purified antibodies were prepared by adsorption of the IgG fraction of the antisera onto, and by elation from, living or glutaraldehyde (GA) fixed HK7 cells. Purification from GA‐treated cells yielded highly satisfactory purified antibody preparations, the reactivity of which could be demonstrated in fluorescent antibody tests. These preparations were radioiodinated with 125I to a specific activity of the order of 10μc/μg and their activity was assayed by ability to bind to living HK7 cells. The labelled antibodies maintained their binding ability practically unchanged for at least 6 months. They could be further purified by an additional adsorption‐elution cycle, using living cells. The doubly purified, radioiodinated antibodies, had a high affinity for HK7 cell membranes: 43% of the radioactivity became bound when 0.3 ng eluate was reacted with 1 × 106 cells, as compared to 8% bound to normal kidney cells.The capacity of the purified, labelled antibodies to bind to intact cells was tested under a variety of conditions. Percent binding increased steeply with cell number and was inversely related to the reaction volume. Binding was faster at 37° C than at 4° C. Non‐specific binding of radioactivity was prevented by carrying out the reaction in the presence of protein. Cells from young cultures bound the labelled antibodies more efficiently than cells from old cultures. The purified, radiolabelled antibodies to the neoplastic cell membrane cross‐reacted to a significant degree with normal hamster liver cells. Antibodies to tumor specific antigens could not be detected by the binding tests, but the presence of such antibodies was suggested by the results of autoradiographic experiments. When treated with labelled antibodies and subjected to autoradiography, only the viral transformed hamster or mouse cells, but not the non‐transformed cells, became labelled. The GA‐treated cells were a highly efficient immunoadsorbent for the purification of antibodies against cell membrane antigens. They maintained their integrity for prolonged periods, were resistant to the reagents used in the elution procedure and could be used repeatedly, up to three times.
Hematopoietic neoplasms in lizards: Report of a typical case in hydrosaurus amboinensis and of a probable case in Varanus salvator
Authors: Zwart P. , Harshbarger J. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphoreticular proliferative disorders are described in two lizards. The first case, in an East Indian water lizard, Hydrosaurus amboinensis, was classified as a diffuse type of malignant lymphoma of lymphoblastic cell type and is the first known example of a hematopoietic neoplasm in a lizard (class Reptilia; suborder Sauria). The second case, in a Malayan monitor, Varanus salvator, also presented features characteristic of a generalized lymphosarcomatosis, but granulomas associated with a disseminated bacterial infection complicated the picture and precluded an incontestable diagnosis.
Cytotoxic lymphocytes in melanoma patients
Authors: De Vries Jan E. , Rümke Philip , Bernheim Jean L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPeripheral blood lymphocytes from 61 melanoma patients were tested by a microcytotoxicity test for cell‐mediated immunity against melanoma cells. Lymphocytes from 13/25 patients were cytotoxic for autologous tumour cells, while lymphocytes from 31/56 patients were cytotoxic in the allogeneic situation. In the cases tested no cytotoxic reaction was found against autologous or allogeneic normal skin fibroblasts. Normal control lymphocytes were cytotoxic in 2/50 individuals tested. Lymphocytes from patients with other neoplastic diseases showed a positive cytotoxic effect in 1/18 patients tested. In seven cases lymphocytes from melanoma patients, which were cytotoxic for melanoma cells, did not show any cytotoxic effect on plated choriocarcinoma cells. There was no correlation between the presence of specifically immune lymphocytes and the clinical staging of the disease. In the serum of patients with distant metastases, preliminary results indicated the presence of factors which could block the cytotoxic effect of specifically immune lymphocytes.The data suggest that most malignant melanomas contain a common antigen which is immunogenic in patients with this neoplasm. However, individual‐ or subgroupspecific melanoma antigens may exist. Evidence is found that lymphocytes can lose their capacity to kill melanoma cells in the course of the disease. Change of antigenic expression or sensitivity to the killing effect of lymphocytes during culturing of the melanoma cells may explain the irregularity of some results.
Genetic stability of the sarcoma viruses in murine and avian sarcoma virus‐transformed nonproducer cells
Authors: Stephenson John R. , Scolnick Edward M. , Aaronson Stuart A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractClonal lines of murine and avion sarcoma virus‐transformed mammalian cells, in which the viruses do not productively replicate, were studied for the occurrence of spontaneous or chemical‐induced morphologic reversion. From over 10,000 single‐cellderived clones of MSV‐transformed nonproducer cells examined, only one morphologic revertant was detected. This cell line contained a normal murine sarcoma viral genome, suggesting that it arose as a result of mutation of a cellular gene involved in expression of the transformed state. The frequency of morphologic reversion of avian sarcoma virus‐transformed mammalian cell lines was also investigated. The studies indicate that both murine and avian sarcoma viruses present in transformed nonproducer cells can exist in a genetically stable form.
Translation regulation of catalase synthesis in morris 5123tc hepatoma
Authors: Uenoyama K. , Ono T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSynthesis of catalase by a cell‐free system with the polyribosomes of 5123TC hepatoma was examined. The catalase synthesis by polyribosomes of the hepatoma using a supernatant fraction from the hepatoma itself was as low as one‐tenth of that obtained with the polyribosomes and supernatant fraction from the normal liver. However, the polyribosomes of the hepatoma synthesized catalase to the same extent as did the polyribosomes of normal liver if the supernatant fraction was replaced with that from normal liver or with the pH 5‐fraction prepared from the supernatant of hepatoma.In addition, catalase synthesis by the polyribosomes and supernatant of hepatoma was activated by the addition of factor (s) purified from the supernatant of normal liver by DEAE cellulose column chromatography. The action of inhibitor (s) in the hepatoma and activator (s) in the normal liver was fairly specific for catalase synthesis, and the syntheses of total protein and albumin were not affected by this/these factor (s) at all.The possibility that the activator (s) was a messenger RNA for catalase or some species of aminoacyl transfer RNA synthetase and/or transfer RNA, which are lacking in hepatoma, was excluded by the present experiments. Consequently, it was concluded that the polyribosomes of hepatoma contained as much messenger RNA for catalase as did the polyribosomes of normal liver and that the translation for catalase synthesis was inhibited. The role of activating factor (s) was considered to counteract the action of inhibitor in hepatoma.
Effects of sv40 virus on the chromosomes of poikilothermic cells (Gekko gecko) cultivated at different temperatures
Authors: Cohen Maimon M. , Clark H. Fred , Jensen Fred 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCells of an established cell line of poikilothermic origin (Gekko gecko) were transformed with SV40 virus and maintained at three temperatures: 23°, 30°, and 35°C. Cytogenetic analysis was undertaken at various times following infection. Increased chromosome damage, related to both incubation temperature and the length of time in culture, was observed in the virus‐transformed cells. A new “tetraploid” stem line arose in those cells cultured at 30°C; the presence of pairs of identical marker chromosomes suggests that this new stem line was derived through endoreduplication rather than the fusion of two cells.
Lymphocyte cytotoxicity reactions to leukemia‐associated antigens in identical twins
Authors: Rosenberg Eugene B. , Herberman Ronald B. , Levine Paul H. , Halterman Roger H. , McCov James L. , Wunderlich John R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCellular cytotoxicity reactions to human leukemia cells were measured with a sensitive, quantitative assay of cell‐mediated immunity. Freshly explanted leukemia cells, rather than tissue culture cells, were tested to ensure that the antigens detected were not acquired in vitro. Identical twins, one member of each pair having leukemia, were used to minimize genetic variables and histocompatibility differences, thereby providing comparable normal cells to control for the leukemic cells.Leukemia‐associated antigens were detected on the cells of seven of ten leukemic patients. In no instance was reactivity observed against only the cells of the normal twin. Lymphocytes from three identical twins, seven parents, two siblings and eight normal unrelated individuals were cytotoxic for cells from the leukemic patients but not for cells from these patients' normal identical twins. Lymphocytes from adults had a much higher incidence of reactivity (46%) against the leukemic cells than did the cells of children (9%). Positive lymphocyte cytotoxicity reactions to leukemia‐associated antigens indicate previous sensitization which could have resulted from infection with an environmental agent such as a virus.
Ultrastructural detection of concanavalin surface receptors in normal and in polyoma‐transformed cells
Authors: Martinez‐Palomo Adolfo , Wicker René , Bernhard Wilhelm 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe ultrastructural distribution of concanavalin A receptor sites on the surface of normal hamster embryo cells and polyoma‐transformed cells was studied by means of the concanavalin‐peroxidase method. In vertical sections of normal cells, the precipitate appeared as a uniform surface layer, which gave the appearance of a homogeneous coat when seen in surface views. The reacting layer on the surface of transformed cells was similar, except in approximately one‐third of the polyoma‐transformed cells. The latter showed a more discontinuous surface layer line in vertical sections, while in tangential sections, the coat was found to be formed by isolated clusters of reacting precipitate. These results indicate that the surface of both normal and transformed cells equally possess exposed binding sites to concanavalin A. The receptors tend to be more irregularly distributed on the surface of some transformed cells.
Membrane immunofluorescence studies on cells producing rat C‐type virus particles
Authors: Pearson Gary , Orr Thomas , Redmon Lena , Bergs Victor 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe WF‐l rat cell line was investigated for the presence of virus‐associated cell membrane antigens similar to those found in the membranes of cells infected with murine leukemia viruses. These cells transform spontaneously in tissue culture from embryos derived from the Wistar‐Furth ( W/Fu) strain of rats and produce large amounts of rat C‐type virus particles. When sera from W/Fu rats bearing WF‐l tumors were tested for antibodies directed against the WF‐l cells by indirect membrane fluorescence, it was found that 20–35% of the cells reacted strongly. The sera did not react with normal W/Fu embryonic fibroblasts nor did absorption of a pooled positive serum with these cells remove antibodies reactive with the WF‐l cell line. Interestingly, however, these sera also reacted with two other virus‐positive cell lines (R‐35 and RMTL‐8) derived from mammary tumors originating in Sprague‐Dawley rats but not with virus‐negative cell lines. Absorption experiments verified that the R‐35 and RMTL‐8 cells contained cross‐reacting antigens with the WF‐l cells. These results suggested that (a) virus‐associated antigens were expressed in the membranes of cells infected with rat C‐type particles and (b) C‐type virus particles found in cell lines originating from different Sprague‐Dawley rats as well as from the Wistar‐Furth strain were antigenically closely related if not identical.
Metabolic alterations of liver regeneration. VIII. Enhanced synthesis of DNA in the liver of 5‐azacytidine‐treated rats subjected to partial hepatectomy
Authors: Čihák A. , Seifertová M. , Veselý J. , Sorm F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFollowing 5‐azacytidine, the incorporation of thymidine into DNA in regenerating rat liver is modified depending on the time of drug administration. When given shortly before or after partial hepatectomy, 5‐azacytidine leads to the inhibition of DNA synthesis, while its administration 16–40 h prior to hepatectomy results in its enhancement in 24‐h regenerating liver. The observed alterations in the synthesis of DNA are in agreement with the formation of thymidine 5′‐triphosphate in cell‐free liver extract. The significance of altered DNA synthesis and cytologic changes as revealed with autoradiography is discussed.
Immunofluorescent studies of cultured canine tumor cells
Authors: Bowles C. A. , Hagen W. , Ditmore J. , Kerber W. T. , Woods W. A. , Jensen E. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe indirect immunofluorescent (IF) test was used in an immunological survey of 17 sera from tumor‐bearing and normal dogs. These sera were reacted against 33 cultured canine tumor and normal cells. A high percentage (70%) of IF positive reactions were seen in cells derived from sarcomatous tumors while only 4% of the cultures from tumor types other than sarcomas and none of the normal cultures reacted with the various sera tested. The fluorescence was seen localized in a paranuclear position with some cells showing cytoplasmic and membrane reactions. The reaction in the sarcoma cells was specific and appeared common within the different sarcoma types. A correlation was demonstrated between the IF positive reactivity and the neoplastic nature of the cells by serial in vivo passage of cultures of a fibrosarcoma and an undifferentiated sarcoma in dogs inoculated while in utero. The various tumor and normal cells examined did not react with antibodies to the gs antigens of the murine or feline leukemia viruses.
Cellular immunity in Wilms' tumour and neuroblastoma
Authors: Kumar S. , Taylor G. , Steward J. K. , Waghe M. A. , Pearson Dorothy 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphocytotoxicity against tumour‐specific antigens has been examined using cultures of 11 neuroblastomas and 11 Wilms' tumours. The reactivity of lymphocytes from patients with neuroblastomas, Wilm's tumour, other tumours and from normal individuals was examined. In both systems tumour‐specific lymphocytotoxicity was demonstrated in both autochthonous and allogeneic combinations. Cross‐reactivity was observed between Wilms' tumour and hypernephroma but not with respect to other tumours.
An epidemiologic study of oral cancer and precancerous conditions among 101,761 villagers in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Mehta Fali S. , Gupta P. C. , Daftary D. K. , Pindborg J. J. , Choksi S. K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn an extensive epidemiologic house‐to‐house survey, undertaken to study oral cancer and precancerous conditions, 101,761 villagers were examined in the Poona district in the Maharashtra state in India. Besides detection of 12 oral cancers, prevalences were established for leukoplakia (0.67%), preleukoplakia (0.86%), and submucous fibrosis (0.03%). The sample was also studied for chewing and smoking habits, which were practised by 54.4% of the individuals. Among males the most common habit was chewing tobacco with lime, whereas the dominating habit among females was the use of mishri (burned tobacco). The strongest association found was between bidi smoking and mixed habits and leukoplakia. Only a few cases of leukoplakia were found among mishri users. Except for submucous fibrosis it was found that prevalence does not depend on sex if tobacco habits are taken into account.
Cellular reactions against Burkitt lymphoma cells. III. Effector cell activity of leukocytes stimulated in vitro with autochthonous cultured lymphoma cells
Authors: Golub Sidney H. , Svedmyr Erik A. J. , Hewetson John F. , Klein George , Singh Surjit 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPeripheral blood leukocytes from four patients with Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) were studied for immunological reactions with lymphoblastoid culture line cells. In all four cases peripheral blood leukocytes could reproducibly be stimulated with autochthonous cultured cells derived from tumor biopsies. Stimulation could be accomplished despite the inability of the unstimulated lymphocytes to mediate a cytotoxic response. Leukocytes which have been stimulated with the autochthonous cells displayed strong colony inhibiting activity against the autochthonous BL‐derived target cell, but considerably less activity against two non‐BL‐derived target cells. Autochthonous fibroblasts were ineffective as stimulator cells.
Studies on type‐H virus‐like particles in hamster: Their role in oncogenesis
Authors: Césarini J. P. , de Micco C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractElectron microscopic examination of many Syrian hamster cell cultures and of tumours induced in hamsters by oncogenic viruses revealed the presence of virus‐like particles (HVLP). A survey of many lines of hamster cells in primary cultures derived from various tissues of this animal did not show any H VLP. BHK 21/13, tumours induced by the injection of these cells and eleven different clones of BHK 21 transformed in vitro by RNA or DNA oncogenic viruses, contain different amounts of HVLP. These HVLP are associated with A‐type particles in clones transformed by Rous sarcoma virus. Previously published electron microscopic studies of spontaneous tumours induced by different agents (oncogenic viruses, chemical carcinogens, human cancer extracts) have frequently revealed the presence of the same H VLP.These studies permit some conclusions: (a) H VLP are morphologically distinct from other viral particles; (b) Syrian hamster could be the elective host; (c) the BHK 21 strains and derived clones contain this H VLP; and (d) carcinogenic agents seem to enhance the appearance of those viruses in hamster cells.
Detection of humoral antibody to the transmissible venereal tumour of the dog
Authors: Cohen Dan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHumoral antibody against membrane‐associated antigens of the transmissible venereal tumour (TVT) of the dog was demonstrated using the indirect membrane immunofluorescence test. Circulating antibody to the tumour, as well as in vivo coating of the tumour cells with antibody, could be detected at 40 days or more after transplantation. Anti‐TVT activity was contained in the 19S, intermediate S and the 7S fractions of an anti‐TVT serum. No activity was detected in the 3.5S fraction. A cross‐reaction was demonstrated between anti‐TVT sera of clinical cases occurring in Ireland and Malaya.