bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in the Treatment and Management of Alzheimer’s
Disease: A Precision Medicine Perspective
Authors: Shukla Deepali , Suryavanshi Anjali , Bharti Sanjay Kumar , Asati Vivek , Mahapatra Debarshi Kar 
Published: April 2024

:
About 60% to 70% of people with dementia have Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neuro-degenerative illness. One reason for this disorder is the misfolding of naturally occurring proteins in the human brain, specifically β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau. Certain diagnostic imaging techniques, such as amyloid PET imaging, tau PET imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Computerized Tomography (CT), and others, can detect biomarkers in blood, plasma, and cerebral spinal fluids, like an increased level of β-amyloid, plaques, and tangles. In order to create new pharmacotherapeutics for Alzheimer's disease, researchers must have a thorough and detailed knowledge of amyloid beta misfolding and other related aspects. Donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, and other acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are among the medications now used to treat Alzheimer's disease. Another medication that can temporarily alleviate dementia symptoms is memantine, which blocks the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. However, it is not able to halt or reverse the progression of the disease. Medication now on the market can only halt its advancement, not reverse it. Interventions to alleviate behavioral and psychological symptoms, exhibit anti-neuroinflammation and anti-tau effects, induce neurotransmitter alteration and cognitive enhancement, and provide other targets have recently been developed. For some Alzheimer's patients, the FDA-approved monoclonal antibody, aducanumab, is an option; for others, phase 3 clinical studies are underway for drugs, like lecanemab and donanemab, which have demonstrated potential in eliminating amyloid protein. However, additional study is required to identify and address these limitations in order to reduce the likelihood of side effects and maximize the therapeutic efficacy.
Molecular Docking as a Method to Identify Prospective Compounds from
Ocimum sanctum with Anti-candidal Properties
Authors: Rani Nidhi , Singh Randhir 
Published: April 2024

Background::
To search for antifungal bioactive molecules from Ocimum sanctum, we
used a molecular docking approach to identify the natural compound responsible for the property
with a specific target. Our goal is to identify the potential antifungal compounds based on computational
screening from reported chemical constituents of Tulsi as potential inhibitors of 14α-
demethylase.

Method::
Molecular docking was performed using Molergo Virtual docker software and validated
based on the Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) value.

Result::
The compounds were docked to the pocket of the enzyme, and the docking results depicted
that only oxygenated compounds were important for an antifungal profile with a good docking
score and interaction with the enzyme molecule.

Conclusion::
The results suggest the availability of significant compounds with high potential for
antifungal properties from O. sanctum. This suggests isolating these compounds for further lead
identification to develop new antifungal compounds with specific targets.
Innate Immune Effectors and Leishmania: an Overview of Complexities
Authors: Tiwari Rohit Kumar , Ahmad Afza , Shekh Rafia , Shukla Ratnakar , Bajpai Preeti 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Leishmaniasis represents a pool of debilitating clinical manifestations affecting several
individuals globally. The disease remains a serious global health and affects individuals in tropical
and subtropical regions. The disease is endemic in several areas of South America, East Africa, the
Indian sub-continent and the Mediterranean basin. The bite of female Phlebotomine sand establishes
the infection of the Leishmania parasite within human flies belonging to the family Psychodidae
(subfamily: Phlebotominae) of class Diptera. Several species of Leishmania parasite serve as the infectious
trigger associated with varying clinical presentation of the disease. The immune response
against the different parasitizing species varies, resulting in a complex response by innate immune
cells. The present review summarizes some of the key innate immune effector cells involved during
the infection with the Leishmania parasite in a quest to provide a deeper understanding of Leishmania-
mediated immunobiology. The review also summarizes an up-to-date understanding of several
strategies adopted by the parasite to evade immune response mediated by altering the functioning of
some key innate immune effector cells. A better understanding of these immuno-biological events
within the infected individual would help formulate immune-therapeutical interventions against the
disease.
DiffSeqMol: A Non-Autoregressive Diffusion-Based Approach for Molecular Sequence Generation and Optimization
Authors: Wang Zixu , Chen Yangyang , Guo Xiulan , Li Yayang , Li Pengyong , Li Chunyan , Ye Xiucai , Sakurai Tetsuya 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The application of deep generative models for molecular discovery has
witnessed a significant surge in recent years. Currently, the field of molecular generation and molecular
optimization is predominantly governed by autoregressive models regardless of how molecular
data is represented. However, an emerging paradigm in the generation domain is diffusion models,
which treat data non-autoregressively and have achieved significant breakthroughs in areas such
as image generation.

Methods:
The potential and capability of diffusion models in molecular generation and optimization
tasks remain largely unexplored. In order to investigate the potential applicability of diffusion models
in the domain of molecular exploration, we proposed DiffSeqMol, a molecular sequence generation
model, underpinned by diffusion process.

Results & Discussion:
DiffSeqMol distinguishes itself from traditional autoregressive methods by
its capacity to draw samples from random noise and direct generating the entire molecule. Through
experiment evaluations, we demonstrated that DiffSeqMol can achieve, even surpass, the performance
of established state-of-the-art models on unconditional generation tasks and molecular optimization
tasks.

Conclusion:
Taken together, our results show that DiffSeqMol can be considered a promising molecular
generation method. It opens new pathways to traverse the expansive chemical space and to
discover novel molecules.
Healthy Diets and Lifestyles in the World: Mediterranean and Blue Zone People Live Longer. Special Focus on Gut Microbiota and Some Food Components
Authors: Santacroce Luigi , Bottalico Lucrezia , Charitos Ioannis Alexandros , Haxhirexha Kastriot , Topi Skender , Jirillo Emilio 
Published: April 2024

:
Longevity has been associated with healthy lifestyles, including some dietary regimens,
such as the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and the Blue Zone (BZ) diets. MedDiet relies
on a large consumption of fruit, vegetables, cereals, and extra-virgin olive oil, with less red meat
and fat intake. Four major BZ have been recognized in the world, namely, Ogliastra in Sardinia
(Italy), Ikaria (Greece), the Peninsula of Nicoya (Costa Rica), and Okinawa (Japan). Extreme
longevity in these areas has been associated with correct lifestyles and dietary regimens. Fibers,
polyphenols, beta-glucans, and unsaturated fatty acids represent the major constituents of both
MedDiet and BZ diets, given their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Particularly,
inhibition of the NF-kB pathway, with a reduced release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and
induction of T regulatory cells, with the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-
10, are the main mechanisms that prevent or attenuate the “inflammaging.” Notably, consistent
physical activity, intense social interactions, and an optimistic attitude contribute to longevity
in BZD areas. Commonalities and differences between MedDIet and BZ diets will be
outlined, with special reference to microbiota and food components, which may contribute to
longevity.
Recent Advances in Machine Learning Methods for LncRNA-Cancer
Associations Prediction
Authors: Wang Ruobing , Meng Lingyu , Tan Jianjun 
Published: April 2024

:
In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have played important roles in various
biological processes. Mutations and regulation of lncRNAs are closely associated with many
human cancers. Predicting potential lncRNA-cancer associations helps to understand cancer's
pathogenesis and provides new ideas and approaches for cancer prevention, treatment and diagnosis.
Predicting lncRNA-cancer associations based on computational methods helps systematic biological
studies. In particular, machine learning methods have received much attention and are
commonly used to solve these problems. Therefore, many machine learning computational models
have been proposed to improve the prediction performance and achieve accurate diagnosis and
effective treatment of cancer. This review provides an overview of existing models for predicting
lncRNA-cancer associations by machine learning methods. The evaluation metrics of each model
are briefly described, analyzed the advantages and limitations of these models are analyzed. We
also provide a case study summary of the two cancers listed. Finally, the challenges and future
trends of predicting lncRNA-cancer associations with machine learning methods are discussed.
FPGA Implementation of Power-efficient Multipliers for Digital Signal
Processing Applications
Authors: Jain Manas , Maini Saksham , Jain Shruti 
Published: April 2024

Background::
Higher power consumption raises chip temperature because it draws
more current from the power source, which directly affects how long the batteries survive in portable
devices. High temperature affects the dependability and functionality of a circuit, requiring
more complex packaging and cooling strategies. One of the most significant challenges in VLSI
design is power consumption. The power consumption of the circuit rises with both transistor density
and chip complexity. In addition, one of the essential building blocks of hardware in the majority
of VLSI applications and digital signal processing systems is the multiplier.

Aims and objective::
This study aimed to design and compare array multiplier, Vedic multiplier,
and Wallace tree multiplier using variable bit lengths.

Methodology::
In this paper, authors designed array multiplier, Vedic multiplier, and Wallace tree
multiplier using variable bit lengths. For comparison, the VIVADO tool was used to simulate and
synthesize multiplier outputs.

Results::
Wallace tree multipliers resulted in 31.153mW, 13.220mW, 4.099mW, and 0.988 mW of
power dissipation for 16-bit, 8-bit, 4-bit, and 2-bit, respectively. The best multiplier was designed
using different logic like AOI, OAI, NAND-NAND, and NOR-NOR and was compared based on
power dissipation. It was observed that 2.256mW power dissipation was observed for NOR-NOR
logic, which was minimal among other logics.

Conclusion::
The 4-bit Wallace multiplier using NOR-NOR logic was used for FPGA implementation,
which can be used in digital signal processing applications.
The Challenges of Chronic Wound Care and Management
Authors: Dave Pallav 
Published: April 2024

Chronic wounds are a significant healthcare challenge across the world. They affect approximately 2.21 per 1000 people making them a prevalent challenge that needs to be addressed. The prevalence of these wounds is also growing as the population ages. Various underlying factors such as medical conditions, poor nutrition, diabetes, vascular disease, arterial disease, prolonged pressure, neuropathy, chronic venous insufficiency, and being overweight or obese are contributing to the increasing prevalence of chronic wounds. Addressing chronic wounds is vital. They are a significant healthcare burden that affects the overall quality of life and contributes to the loss of function. Chronic wounds are also painful, which makes them a difficult experience for patients. With the increasing morbidity and mortality attributed to chronic wounds, it is important to ensure treatment interventions are effective to achieve positive outcomes. However, achieving positive outcomes is a challenge because of the existing challenges that impede proper wound care and management. Identifying the challenges that make it difficult to manage chronic wounds effectively is vital to ensure positive outcomes in management. The aim of this review is to identify the challenges that affect chronic wound care and management.
Keywords: chronic wounds, ulcers, wound care, wound management, treatment interventions
THE EFFECT OF USING SAGU DRUGS (Metroxylon sagu) AND DRIED BANANA LEAVES (Musa paradisiaca) ON THE GROWTH OF WHITE OYSTER MUSHROOM (Pleurotus ostreatus)
Authors: Islami Rahmatan , Taib Eva Nauli , Zuraidah Zuraidah 
Published: April 2024

Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) are wood fungi that grow sideways on rotting wood stems. Mushrooms take food that has been made by other dead organisms (saprophyte), because they do not have chlorophyll, all types of saprophyte, especially those that grow on wood, can be easily cultivated. White oyster mushroom cultivation is easy to do because it does not require expensive maintenance costs and does not require spacious land. The aim of this research was to test the effect of using sago dregs and dried banana leaves on the growth of white oyster mushrooms. The results of this research indicate that there are differences in the growth of white oyster mushrooms based on different concentrations of growing media. The average mycelium growth, stem height, pileus diameter, number of fruit bodies, wet weight and dry weight of the best white oyster mushrooms were found in media with a concentration of 100% sawdust, while pind heads appeared in a concentration of 100% sago dregs
IMAC (Mato Grosso Meat Institute): sustainable development and promotion of beef chain in Brazil
Authors: Valerio Flavio Ruhnke , Neves Marcos Fava , Cambaúva Vinicius , Martinez Leticia Franco 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Founded in 2016, the Mato Grosso Meat Institute is an autonomous social service formed by representatives of the farm production sector, of the industry, of society and of the state government to promote the meat produced in the state of Mato Grosso, one of the most important states for Brazilian agriculture and livestock production. Despite several promising projects in the pipeline on the topics of information sharing, sustainable insertion of smallholders and other, IMAC still has not reached a protagonist role in Mato Grosso beef chain. With several changes and trends emerging in consumer food behavior, its president (Caio Penido), is still looking for the best strategies to improve Mato Grosso’s competitive advantage and align all the agents involved to fulfill IMAC’s “vision for the chain”.
The Teaching Note to this Case Study is available on request via e-mail to ifamr@ifama.org
PENERAPAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS APLIKASI NEARPOD PADA MATERI MENULIS TEKS BIOGRAFI SISWA KELAS X SMAN 1 BATUJAJAR
Authors: Nurmiati Mita , Wikanengsih  , Permana Aditya 
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan penerapan media pembelajaran berbasis aplikasi nearpod pada materi menulis teks biografi siswa kelas X SMAN 1 Batujajar. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa penerapan media pembelajaran berbasis aplikasi nearpod pada materi menulis teks biografi berhasil menarik perhatian siswa dan aplikasi nearpod ini menjadi media pembelajaran yang efektif diterapkan pada pembelajaran jarak jauh. Selain itu, aplikasi nearpod dapat membentu siswa dalam mengembangkan ide sehingga siswa mampu dan terampil dalam menulis teks biografi. Siswa menjadi sangat antusias mempelajari teks biografi menggunakan aplikasi nearpod karena terdapat banyak fitur yang digunakan dan menarik perhatian siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, karena penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan suatu objek dan menjelaskan hal-hal yang terkait dengan fakta melalui pengumpulan data. Peneliti akan menjelaskan secara deskriptif tentang bagaimana penerapan media pembelajaran berbasis aplikasi nearpod pada materi menulis teks biografi siswa kelas X SMAN 1 Batujajar dan bagaimana respon siswa terhadap penerapan media pembelajaran berbasis aplikasi nearpod. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan data primer, yakni Â data yang didapat dari sumber pertama berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, catatan (penelitian) lapangan, dan respon siswa menggunakan angket. Subjek penelitian ini adalah tiga puluh empat siswa dari kelas X SMAN 1 Batujajar.
ANALISIS GAYA BAHASA PADA PUISI MENYESAL KARYA ALI HASJMI
Authors: Wahyudi Ateng , Sudrajat Rochmat Tri , Mahardika Reka Yuda 
Published: April 2024

Poetry is a literary work whose language is bound by rhyme and is a person's ideas and feelings about something that are poured into beautiful words. Â Language style is one of the media in stylistic studies that can be used as a medium in assessing the beauty of fictional poetry and prose works. Â The background of this research is to analyze the language style (figure of speech) used in Ali Hasjmi's sorry poetry, as well as to assist in the development of Indonesian language learning in analyzing the language style of the poetry. Â The method used by researchers is a qualitative descriptive method. Â The data analysis was carried out through several stages including literature study by reading, writing the required content, and identifying the verse and lines of poetry that contained language styles. Â The results found in Ali Hasjmi's regretful poetry include three styles of language including affirmation, satire and comparison. Â The figures used are personification, metaphoric, hyperbole, sinekdoke, rhetorical, and irony. Â In regret poetry there are four stanzas and fifteen lines.
PENERAPAN MODEL MIND MAPPING BERBANTUAN 4C DALAM PEMBELAJARAN TEKS DESKRIPSI SISWA KELAS VII
Authors: Nurlaela Ai , Indra Permana  , Dida Firmansyah  
Published: April 2024

AbstrakLatar belakang dari penelitian ini adanya siswa mengeluh kesulitan dan merasa kurang mampu dalam memperhatikan detail, dan mengorganisir informasi secara sistematis pada teks deskripsi dan adanya data dari hasil rata-rata siswa dalam pembelajaran teks deskripsi dengan nilai 71,89. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi apakah penggunaan model mind mapping dengan dukungan konsep 4C dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar dalam menulis teks deskripsi. Karena penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mendeskripsikan suatu hal dan menjelaskan hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan fakta melalui pengumpulan data. Oleh karena itu, pendekatan penelitian yang diterapkan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Peneliti akan memberikan penjelasan menyeluruh tentang bagaimana siswa menggunakan dan bereaksi terhadap model mind mapping berbantuan 4C dalam instruksi menulis untuk teks deskripsi. Dalam penelitian ini, data primer diperoleh melalui observasi lapangan langsung dari sumber asli. Sebanyak 28 siswa dari kelas VII MTs AL-FALAH dipilih sebagai sampel penelitian.. Menurut temuan penelitian, siswa tertarik dengan penggunaan teknik pemetaan pikiran saat membuat teks deskripsi, sehingga nilai keterampilan menulis teks deskripsi siswa memperoleh skor terbesar 90, skor terendah 75, dan nilai rata-rata 83,42. Berdasarkan temuan, Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model mind mapping dengan pendekatan 4C berhasil meningkatkan keterampilan menulis teks deskripsi pada siswa kelas VII.Keywords: Â Mind Mapping, 4C, Teks Deskripsi
Wilson curve modification in permanent dentition: a retrospective comparison between clear aligners and continuous archwire treatment
Authors: Lione Roberta , De Razza Francesca Chiara , Gazzani Francesca , Cozza Paola , Pavoni Chiara 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To evaluate leveling of the Curve of Wilson (COW) by two different treatment appliances (clear aligners [CA] and continuous archwire fixed appliances [FA]) in a permanent dentition sample of patients.

Materials and Methods
Digital casts of 40 patients (CA group = 20 patients; FA group = 20 patients) were collected. Angular values for COW, right and left vertical height difference of lower first molars, and linear distance between lower teeth and the WALA ridge were analyzed for pre- (T1), posttreatment (T2) and on final virtual (ClinCheck) models (T2-CC) of the CA group. An unpaired t-test was used to evaluate significant intergroup differences (P &lt; .05), while a paired t-test was used for posttreatment CA intragroup comparison.

Results
FA group showed better control of second molar crown positions compared to CA group (47-WALA = −0.2 ± 0.1 mm, 37-WALA = −0.6 ± 0.3 mm). No significant difference was detected for linear distance of lower first molars and the WALA ridge or for vertical height difference. CA group showed a greater reduction of distance between lower premolars and the WALA ridge (mean difference: –0.5 mm for both 45-WALA and 35-WALA; mean difference: −0.5 mm for 44-WALA, −0.6 mm for 34-WALA). Predictability for the CA group was high for every measurement (87% Right COW, 89% Left COW, 88% 46 Vertical Diff, 87% 36 Vertical Diff).

Conclusions
Clear aligner and continuous archwire mechanics were effective in leveling COW. FA was more effective in changing crown position of lower second molars with respect to the WALA ridge, while CA provided a greater distance reduction between lower premolars and WALA ridges compared to FA.
Relevance Of Era5 Reanalysis For Wind Energy Applications: Comparison With Sodar Observations
Authors: Shestakova Anna A. , Fedotova Ekaterina V. , Lyulyukin Vasily S. 
Published: April 2024

ERA5 reanalysis is one of the most trusted climate data sources for wind energy modeling. However, any reanalysis should be verified through comparison with observational data to detect biases before further use. For wind verification at heights close to typical wind turbine hub heights (i.e. about 100 m), it is preferable to use either in-situ measurements from meteorological towers or remote sensing data like acoustic and laser vertical profilers, which remain independent of reanalysis. In this study, we validated the wind speed data from ERA5 at a height of 100 m using data from four sodars (acoustic profilers) located in different climatic and natural vegetation zones across European Russia. The assessments revealed a systematic error at most stations; in general, ERA5 tends to overestimate wind speed over forests and underestimate it over grasslands and deserts. As anticipated, the largest errors were observed at a station on the mountain coast, where the relative wind speed error reached 45%. We performed the bias correction which reduced absolute errors and eliminated the error dependence on the daily course, which was crucial for wind energy modeling. Without bias correction, the error in the wind power capacity factor ranged from 30 to 50%. Hence, it is strongly recommended to apply correction of ERA5 for energy calculations, at least in the areas under consideration..