bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feline conjunctival hemangioma and hemangiosarcoma: a retrospective evaluation of eight cases (1993–2004)
Authors: Pirie Chris G. , Dubielzig Richard R. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate feline primary conjunctival vascular tumors of endothelial origin. Eight cases (six hemangiomas, two hemangiosarcomas) from a collection of 3460 feline submissions between 1993 and 2004 were evaluated using routine hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Signalment, location, size, duration, epithelial pigmentation, margins, adjuvant therapy, outdoor activity, and geographic location, comparing ultraviolet (UV) radiation levels by state, were recorded. Follow‐up information was available for five cases. In this study, the average age was 10.6 years, with neutered males over‐represented. The Domestic Short‐haired cat was most commonly affected. The most common anatomic site was the nictitating membrane, with the left eye preferentially affected. The average size and duration, prior to presentation, was 7.5 mm and 4.4 months, respectively. Seven of eight cases were devoid of epithelial pigmentation in nonaffected areas and the majority of cases were from states with high annual UV‐light exposure. Only cases of hemangiosarcoma underwent surgical re‐excisions following incomplete excision; however, no further recurrences were reported. No cases evaluated had evidence of metastatic disease at the time of excision. Surgical excision alone may be curative. However, recurrence is possible. These tumors demonstrate similar predilection sites and involvement of nonpigmented epithelium, as is true in canine cases, which may relate to risk factors as well.
Primary closure of the corneas of two Great Horned owls after resection of nonhealing ulcers
Authors: Gionfriddo Juliet R. , Powell Cynthia C. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractTwo Great Horned owls were presented to the Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital for evaluation of corneal lesions. Each bird had a corneal ulcer and bullous keratopathy. Following unsuccessful attempts at medical and surgical management, the corneal defects in each bird were treated with penetrating keratoplasties and conjunctival pedicle grafts. In each bird the cornea healed well and regained approximately its normal shape. Both birds fully recovered and have been released into the wild.
A true and fair view of the principles/rules debate
Authors: Alexander David , Jermakowicz Eva 
Published: June 2006

The nature of ‘reality’ in the context of financial reporting is, at best, a generally agreed, inter‐subjective human construction. This article considers the nature, and alternative perceptions, of the notions of principles and rules, exploring the idea of true and fair view presentation as a meaningful requirement in its own right, and as an override. An overview of the standard setting process in the United States from the historical perspective identifies factors fostering the rules‐based accounting system. We then analyse recent developments in the United States regarding the adoption of a principles‐based accounting system, and in the U.K. arising from the introduction of IAS in Europe. Both support the conclusions that: The purpose of financial reporting is to give an understanding, which is not misleading, of the underlying economics of an enterprise; the ‘underlying economics’ represents an inherently subjective construct; rules, by themselves, are inadequate, whether or not they are based on principles; major and fundamental differences exist between various players on the world regulatory scene; much of the debate at the regulatory and policy level is at best vague and confused, more likely disingenuous, possibly intellectually dishonest; interested parties will interpret words, concepts and agreements differently; significant limitations for international standardization are implied by the above points. Further, no one player, construct or culture can impose its will at a global level.In 1942 the U.S. SEC aptly captured the appropriate sentiment: ‘The basic question [is] whether the financial statements performed the function of enlightenment, which is their only reason for existence’.
Perceptions of the true and fair view concept: an empirical investigation
Authors: Kirk Ngaire 
Published: June 2006

If major groups of financial reporting participants differ in their perceptions of standards for financial reporting quality, such as ‘true and fair view’, ‘present fairly’ and ‘fair presentation’, a financial reporting expectation gap may occur. This article reports the results of a survey designed to explore this potential gap by determining New Zealand financial directors’, auditors’ and shareholders’ perceptions of terms associated with financial reporting quality.The results show that a clear majority of all three groups share similar perceptions of the ‘true and fair view’; but perceive ‘true and fair view’ to be quite different from ‘fairly presents’ and ‘fair presentation’, terms the New Zealand Institute of Chartered Accountants’ (2005) describes as equivalent to ‘true and fair view’. Thus there appears to be a perception gap between the respondents surveyed and the Institute. The findings also support a literal rather than a technical interpretation of ‘true and fair view’; that respondents do not perceive ‘true and fair view’ as compliance with GAAP; and that ‘true’ (‘truth’ in accounting), the word separating ‘true and fair view’ from terms that include only ‘fair’, may be perceived as a key factor required for financial reporting quality.
Inclusion – the heart of the matter: trainee teachers' perceptions of a parent's journey
Authors: Forlin Chris , Hopewell Treena 
Published: June 2006

The importance of parental choice, and parents' participation in educational processes, continue to be highlighted in strategies, acts and policies around the world. Partnership with parents is given an even higher profile in relation to educational opportunities for children with special needs. Yet many trainee teachers have only limited understandings of the impact on family life of a child with special needs; are uncertain how best to work with parents; and are not confident about the choices that parents may wish to make for their children.In this article, Chris Forlin, Visiting Professor at the Hong Kong Institute of Education, and Treena Hopewell, MEd student at Edith Cowan University, Western Australia, report the responses of a group of fourth year trainee teachers after listening to the story of a mother of a child with high support needs. Their discussion focuses on three themes emerging from the reflective comments written by the trainee teachers after the session: empathy, understanding and personal growth. Chris Forlin and Treena Hopewell review the value of this approach as a means of establishing in trainee teachers a greater desire to work more collaboratively with parents and family members. They also provide excerpts from the mother's story to enable readers to experience the passionate spirit of the storyteller; to further appreciate the needs of parents; and to understand their desire for greater participation in decisions regarding their children.
Truants on truancy – a badness or a valuable indicator of unmet special educational needs?
Authors: Southwell Neil 
Published: June 2006

Neil Southwell states that he was, himself, a persistent truant from school. He returned to education as a mature student via an access course and he now lectures in education studies at the University of Northampton. He is currently researching into truancy, its causes and its management and brings to his work an unusual but highly illuminating ‘truantist perspective’.In this article, Neil Southwell reviews the literature on truancy and reveals a complex and contradictory picture. Policy and practice to date have, however, tended to be united in locating responsibility for truancy with truants and their families. Drawing on his own experience and his research into the perspectives of truants, Neil Southwell makes a case for a radically different approach. He argues that truancy can be seen as a key indicator of unmet educational needs and that the issue of truancy will not be addressed effectively until policy makers, practitioners and researchers learn to listen to the voices of truants themselves.
An Argument Against Reduction in Morality and Epistemology
Authors: Koons Jeremy Randel 
Published: June 2006

AbstractTo avoid Moore’s open question objection and similar arguments, reductionist philosophers argue that normative (e.g. moral and epistemic) and natural terms are only coextensive, but not synonymous. These reductionists argue that the normative content of normative terms is not a feature of their extension, but is accounted for in some other way (e.g. as a feature of these terms’ meaning). However, reductionist philosophers cannot account for this “normative surplus” while remaining true to their original reductionist motivations. The reductionist’s theoretical commitments both require and forbid a reductionist account of the normative content of moral and epistemic concepts.
Another View of G. H. von Wright
Authors: Stoutland Frederick 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThis Note is a response to Thomas Wallgren’s “Georg Henrik von Wright: a Memorial Notice” (Philosophical Investigations, January, 2005). I contend that Wallgren gave an account of von Wright’s work that is sometimes erroneous and generally off‐key. I offer a more accurate account and defend it against those who view his work with suspicion: analytical philosophers, Wittgensteinians and intellectuals who hoped for a more engaged participation in public life. Wallgren also wrote that von Wright probably had no close friends, which I show to be absurd.
Departments that Work: Building and Sustaining Cultures of Excellence in Academic Programs – Jon F. Wergin
Authors: Burreson Kent J. 
Published: June 2006

Books reviewed: Departments that Work: Building and Sustaining Cultures of Excellence in Academic Programs. By Jon F. Wergin. Bolton, Mass.: Anker Publishing Co., 2003. xvii and 156 pages. ISBN 1‐882982‐57‐6. $37.95.
Book Reviews
Authors: Curry Dawne Y. , Genetin‐Pilawa C. Joseph , Epstein Alexandra , Gill Jill K. , Roth Benita , Zins Dan 
Published: June 2006

Books reviewed: Fran Lisa Buntman. Robben Island and Prisoner Resistance to Apartheid. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Carolyn Ross Johnston. Cherokee Women in Crisis: Trail of Tears, Civil War, and Allotment, 1838–1907. Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press, 2003. Kim E. Nielsen. The Radical Lives of Helen Keller. New York: New York University Press, 1994. John S. Nurser. For All Peoples and All Nations: The Ecumenical Church and Human Rights. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 2005. Kimberly Springer. Living for the Revolution: Black Feminist Organizations, 1968–1980. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2005. Andrew J. Bacevich. The New American Militarism: How Americans Are Seduced by War. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.
Changing Research Perspectives on the Management of Higher Education: Can Research Permeate the Activities of Manager‐Academics?
Authors: Deem Rosemary 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe paper considers whether, and if so how, research evidence can permeate the world of higher education (HE) management in publicly funded institutions. The paper explores the author's experience of two recent research projects (1998–2000 and 2004) on aspects of managing UK HE institutions and issues arising from the preparation of the HE element of a third study of leadership and public service change agendas in education and health during 2004. Despite the topicality in education and other public services of debates about evidence‐based practice, there is little indication that this debate has permeated HE management qua management. The paper utilises Bourdieu's work on academics and social and cultural capital to explore why manager‐academics may resist taking the findings of research seriously in relation to their own work. It is suggested that, where there is reluctance to learn from research, this may reflect the changing nature of HE, the status of HE research as an academic field and form of academic capital and the relative paucity until recently of training in management for most UK manager‐academics.
Illness Beliefs in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Study Involving Affected Adolescents and their Parents
Authors: Richards Jo , Chaplin Robert , Starkey Caroline , Turk Jeremy 
Published: June 2006

Background: The aim of the study was too investigate the beliefs of young people with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) and their parents, about illness causes and management.Method: Twenty‐one young people with CFS/ME and their parents participated in an open‐ended interview.Results: Infective causes were identified by the majority of respondents, and psychological ones by a minority. Many highlighted reducing activity and resting in symptom management. Positive and negative experiences of psychiatric and psychological treatments were recorded.Conclusion: Professionals should carefully explore the illness related beliefs of young people with CFS/ME and parental beliefs in order to agree treatment plans.
Cognitive and Mobility Profile of Older Social Dancers
Authors: Verghese Joe 
Published: June 2006

OBJECTIVES: To define the cognitive and physical attributes of regular social dancing so as to help establish its health benefits and help plan future dance interventions to prevent adverse outcomes in older adults such as falls, slow gait, and dementia.DESIGN: Cross‐sectional survey with two‐group comparison.SETTING: Bronx County, New York.PARTICIPANTS: Twenty‐four cognitively normal older social dancers (OSDs) were compared with 84 age‐, sex‐, and education‐matched older nondancers (ONDs) participating in a community‐based study.MEASUREMENTS: Motor and cognitive performance was assessed using validated clinical and quantitative methods.RESULTS: There were no differences in the frequency of participation in other cognitive and physical leisure activities, chronic illnesses, or falls between OSDs and ONDs. Cognitive test performance was not different between OSDs and ONDs. OSDs had better balance but not strength than ONDs. OSDs had a longer mean stride±standard deviation than ONDs (117.8±10.5 cm vs 103.4±20.2 cm, P=.008) on quantitative gait assessment, with a more stable pattern during walking with reduced stance time (63.9% vs 65.9%, P=.01), longer swing time (36.1% vs 34.1%, P=.01), and shorter double support time (27.9% vs 30.9%, P=.03).CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that long‐term social dancing may be associated with better balance and gait in older adults.
Influenza Season Triggers Pneumococcal Vaccination
Authors: Goebel Lynne J. , Mufson Maurice A. 
Published: June 2006

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the frequency with which influenza and pneumococcal vaccines are administered alone and together.DESIGN: Retrospective review.SETTING: Marshall University internal medicine practice, Huntington, West Virginia.PARTICIPANTS: All patients aged 65 and older seen in the practice from 1999 through 2005 who received pneumococcal or influenza vaccine.MEASUREMENTS: Billing records were reviewed for administration of pneumococcal and influenza vaccines to Medicare beneficiaries, and rates of administration of these vaccines given alone and together were calculated.RESULTS: Nine hundred sixty‐nine doses of pneumococcal vaccine were administered. Of these, 796 (82%) were administered during the fall and winter. Three hundred fifty‐six (45%) pneumococcal vaccinees received it together with influenza vaccine. During 2001 and 2005, when influenza vaccine supply was limited, the rate of pneumococcal vaccine administered together with influenza vaccine declined sharply. Nonetheless, the rate of pneumococcal vaccination remained relatively stable because of an increase in the rate of vaccine administered alone.CONCLUSION: Four‐fifths of pneumococcal vaccine was administered in the fall and winter, and approximately half was given together with influenza vaccine. When influenza vaccine was in limited supply, physicians continued to vaccinate with pneumococcal vaccine alone. These findings suggest that the imminent influenza season provides the trigger for physicians to prescribe pneumococcal vaccine. Physicians should be reminded that pneumococcal vaccine can be administered any time of year.
Older Adults Discharged from the Hospital with Delirium: 1‐Year Outcomes
Authors: McAvay Gail J. , Van Ness Peter H. , Bogardus Sidney T. , Zhang Ying , Leslie Douglas L. , Leo‐Summers Linda S. , Inouye Sharon K. 
Published: June 2006

OBJECTIVES: To compare 1‐year institutionalization and mortality rates of patients who were delirious at discharge, patients whose delirium resolved by discharge, and patients who were never delirious in the hospital.DESIGN: Secondary analysis of prospective cohort data from the Delirium Prevention Trial.SETTING: General medicine service at Yale New Haven Hospital, March 25, 1995, through March 18, 1998, with follow‐up interviews completed in 2000.PARTICIPANTS: Four hundred thirty‐three patients aged 70 and older who were not delirious at admission.MEASUREMENTS: Patients underwent daily assessments of delirium from admission to discharge using the Confusion Assessment Method. Nursing home placement and mortality were determined at 1‐year follow up.RESULTS: Of the 433 study patients, 24 (5.5%) had delirium at discharge, 31 (7.2%) had delirium that resolved during hospitalization, and 378 (87.3%) were never delirious. After 1 year of follow‐up, 20 of 24 (83.3%) patients discharged with delirium, 21 of 31 (67.7%) patients whose delirium resolved, and 157 of 378 (41.5%) patients who were never delirious were admitted to a nursing home or died. Compared with patients who were never delirious, patients with delirium at discharge had a multivariable adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 2.64 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.60–4.35) for nursing home placement or mortality, whereas resolved cases had a HR of 1.53 (95% CI=0.96–2.43).CONCLUSION: Delirium at discharge is associated with a high rate of nursing home placement and mortality over a 1‐year follow‐up period. Interventions to increase detection of delirium and improvements in transitional care may help reduce these negative outcomes.
Incidence of Atrial Tachyarrhythmias in Pacemaker Patients: Results from the Balanced Evaluation of Atrial Tachyarrhythmias in Stimulated Patients (BEATS) Study
Authors: ISRAEL CARSTEN W. , NEUBAUER HORST , OLBRICH HANS‐GEORG , HARTUNG WOLFGANG , TREUSCH SVEN , HOHNLOSER STEFAN H. ,   on Behalf of the BEATS Study Investigators
Published: June 2006

Objectives: The prospective Balanced Evaluation of Atrial Tachyarrhythmias in Stimulated patients (BEATS) study compared atrial tachyarrhythmia (AT) detection by means of serial ECG recordings versus device detection.
Background: The annual incidence of AT in patients with dual‐chamber pacemakers may be significantly underestimated based on ECG and Holter recordings.
Methods: A DDD(R) device capable of AT‐triggered dual‐channel electrogram (EGM) storage was implanted in 254 patients (70 ± 11 years, 159 men) with a class I pacing indication. Patients were seen at 6, 26, and 52 weeks after pacemaker implantation. At all visits, symptoms were checked, surface ECGs were recorded including a 24‐hour Holter recording at 6 weeks, and the pacemakers were interrogated. Primary study endpoint was AT documentation by surface ECG/Holter versus stored EGMs. Secondary endpoints consisted of the association between patients' symptoms and AT documentation, and of the AT incidence depending on pacing indication and a history of AT.
Results: ATs were documented by ECG/Holter recordings in 37 patients (15%) and by stored EGMs in 137 patients (54%) (P < 0.0001). Symptoms were absent in 108 of 137 patients (79%) with device‐documented AT but present in 70 of 117 patients (60%) without AT documentation. AT documentation was more frequent in patients with a history of AT but not in patients with sinus node compared to AV node disease.
Conclusion: ATs occur in pacemaker patients significantly more frequently than estimated by ECG/Holter recordings. Only the analysis of device‐stored EGMs allows reliable assessment of the AT burden.
Influence of Menstrual Cycle on QT Interval Dynamics
Authors: NAKAGAWA MIKIKO , OOIE TATSUHIKO , TAKAHASHI NAOHIKO , TANIGUCHI YAYOI , ANAN FUTOSHI , YONEMOCHI HIDETOSHI , SAIKAWA TETSUNORI 
Published: June 2006

Objectives:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the menstrual cycle on QT interval dynamics and the autonomic tone in healthy women.Methods:Holter ECGs were recorded in 11 healthy women aged 18–32 years during the follicular and luteal phases of their regular menstrual cycle. The interval from QRS onset to the apex (QaT) and to the end of the T‐wave (QeT), the interval between the apex and the end of the T‐wave (Ta‐e), and RR intervals were measured automatically in the course of 24 hours by Holter ECGs. The QeT/RR, QaT/RR, and Ta‐e/RR relationships were evaluated in each subject. The autonomic tone was assessed by the serum catecholamine level at rest and heart rate variability was measured by Holter ECGs.Results:(1) The follicular and luteal phases did not differ significantly with respect to the slopes of the QeT/RR, QaT/RR, and Ta‐e/RR relationships. However, QeT and QaT intervals were significantly shorter for all RR intervals in the luteal than in the follicular phase (P < 0.0001). (2) The serum progesterone concentration was significantly higher in the luteal than in the follicular phase (P < 0.001). (3) Noradrenaline was significantly higher in the luteal than in the follicular phase (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the follicular and luteal phases with respect to heart rate variability measurements.Conclusions:Our results suggest that the menstrual cycle affects the QT intervals. The observed shorter QT interval during the luteal than the follicular phase may be attributable to the increase in serum progesterone and sympathetic tone.
Measurement of Patient Fears About Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Shock: An Initial Evaluation of the Florida Shock Anxiety Scale
Authors: KUHL EMILY A. , DIXIT NEHA K. , WALKER ROBYN L. , CONTI JAMIE B. , SEARS SAMUEL F. 
Published: June 2006

Background:
Psychological distress is both a precipitant and a consequence of ICD shock. Therefore, the assessment of patient anxiety and concerns related to receiving an ICD shock may prompt appropriate psychological referrals and treatment. Methods:
The purpose of this study is to assess the initial validity and clinical utility of the Florida Shock Anxiety Scale (FSAS). Seventy‐two ICD recipients completed the FSAS. Results:
Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two‐factor structure with items loading such that Factor 1 could be conceptualized as a Consequence Factor (e.g., fearing creating a scene if the device were to fire) and Factor 2 as a Trigger Factor (e.g., fearing sexual activity). Alpha coefficients suggest good reliability (Cronbach's α= 0.91, split‐half = 0.92), and FSAS Total Score was moderately correlated (r =−0.65) with total score on the Multidimensional Fear of Death Scale. Conclusions:
Two subscales, labeled consequence of shock and trigger of shock, were established via factor analysis. Collectively the FSAS demonstrates potential utility to assess shock distress and warrants additional investigation.