bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integration of the geriatric palliative care in oncological care of elderly patient with cancer
Authors: Sánchez-Dávila Josafat Napoleón , Verástegui Emma L. , Peña-Nieves Adriana , Allende-Pérez Silvia Rosa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this article is to describe the profile of the population attended to by the palliative geriatrics clinic and to evaluate the symptomatic control derived from the care provided.MethodsDuring 2017 a model based on a holistic approach was implemented, in this model the team geriatric palliative care plays a fundamental role by being part of the palliative care team and functioning as a liaison with the oncology team and other required services. We outlined the profile of 100 patients aged 70 and older seen between 2017 and 2019 at our geriatric palliative care clinic. Descriptive statistics were used. In addition, the symptoms and the care clinic model effect on the symptomatic control were analyzed, as well as the complexity of patients in palliative care with IDC-Pal.ResultsThe patients median age was 83.5 years. Patients were classified by type of management: 47% within the supportive care group and 53% with palliative care only; 58% had metastatic disease and 84% presented at least 1 comorbidity. Frailty was observed in 78% and a Karnofsky scale of 60 or less was observed in 59% of the overall population.Significance of resultsElderly cancer patients have a complex profile and may have multiple needs. Integrating geriatric palliative care can help to provide better and personalized care along with symptomatic control. Further studies are required to establish the ideal care model for these patients. Importantly, a personalized treatment with a geriatric palliative care specialist is a key element.
Rowan Williams’ Theology of Revelation
Authors: Vines Lachlan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this essay, I explore two main areas of Rowan Williams’ theology of revelation. The former is his reflections on the silence of God – God’s reticence to clarify himself to us amid our theological and spiritual confusion. I argue that he is not denying that God has genuinely revealed himself to us, but rather Williams is grappling with – and exhorting us to grapple with – the limits of that revelation. The second area I explore is his theory of revelation as generative phenomena, and how his theory underwrites his understanding of church tradition and, mainly, scripture. Williams argues that there is a division within scripture between the parts containing true divine revelation and the parts containing humanity’s broken response to that revelation. I argue that this view, while it is very well formulated and has some merits, cannot surmount the epistemological obstacle of how biased and interested humans can adequately differentiate between these parts within scripture.
Recurrent depression and relational trauma: a single case of memory processing
Authors: Barton Stephen B. , Armstrong Peter V. , Meares Kevin , Bromley Elizabeth H.C. , Whitton David 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for depression, but a significant minority of clients are difficult to treat, including those with histories of relational trauma. The model of Beck et al. (1979) proposes that adverse childhood experiences lead to negative core beliefs, and these create a susceptibility to depression. However, Beck’s model does not identify trauma as a subset of adverse experiences. An alternative view is that traumatised clients internalise conflicting representations of self and it is conflict, interacting with trauma memories, that creates a vulnerability for depression. In this formulation, methods from the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) could be incorporated into the treatment of depression, to emotionally process trauma memories and resolve self-identity conflicts. The aims of this study were to: (1) report the treatment of a 67-year-old man with recurrent depression and a history of prolonged relational trauma, and (2) to explore how memory processing from the treatment of PTSD can be incorporated into the treatment of recurrent depression. A single case observational design was used in the long-term treatment of a depressed traumatised client. The client received 47 individual sessions over 19 months in routine clinical practice in a tertiary CBT service. He completed repeated measures of mood, memory intrusions and sleep disruption. The client responded well to treatment with clinically significant improvements across measures of mood, memory and sleep. The effects were sustained over an 18-month follow-up. Memory processing was successfully integrated into a high-intensity treatment for recurrent depression. This is a promising approach for depressed clients with histories of relational trauma.

Key learning aims

(1)
To consider how imaginal reliving can be incorporated into CBT for recurrent depression, when relational trauma is present.

(2)
To consider the cognitive processing mode of depressed traumatised clients when appraising beliefs about self and others.

(3)
To consider vulnerability to depression based on intrusive memories and conflicting self-representations, not only core beliefs.
A spiritual call: the courses of action taken by individuals influenced by religious soft power
Authors: Ziv Tom 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe study of religion and international relations has achieved renewed attention in the last two decades. This study investigates a specific aspect of this field: religious soft power. It focuses on individuals who were affected by religious soft power and develop a typology of courses of action these individuals can take vis-à-vis their home state. I argue that individuals can take three different types of actions: disruptive, reformative, and transnational. Using the cases of the Catholic Church and its followers, ISIS and Sunni believers, and the relations between Israel and the Evangelicals, I assess how these alternative actions are being manifested by different groups of individuals. Lastly, I offer an answer to the question of when individuals would use disruptive action and when will they use reformative one.
Refining Reflexive Environmental Law by Nature and Nurture: Autonomy, Accountability, and Adjustability
Authors: Ross Violet , de Almeida Lucila 
Published: April 2024

AbstractReflexive environmental law (REL) enables an understanding of how law builds potential for private company reflexivity. Reflexivity helps to avoid lock-in, and enhances learning and self-organization to resolve complex sustainability challenges. Thus far, REL theory has excluded traditional command-and-control regulation as a form of REL. This limits the potential of REL to understand how legislation can drive reflexivity and create more effective governance. Our framework expands the definition of REL and sets out six types of regulatory instrument found in legislation that may, or may not, constitute forms of REL. The framework comprises three reflexive drivers – autonomy, accountability, and adjustability – and, under these, eleven REL techniques. Through examples taken from European environmental legislation, we explain the drivers’ relationship with different regulatory instruments. This taxonomy empowers regulators and scholars to understand both the reflexive potential of regulatory instruments and the possibility to make instruments more reflexive in specific contexts.
Metabolism of halauxifen acid is regulated by genes located on wheat chromosome 5A
Authors: Landau Olivia A. , Concepcion Jeanaflor Crystal T. , Riechers Dean E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAllohexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is tolerant to halauxifen-methyl (HM) via rapid detoxification of the phytotoxic form of HM, halauxifen acid (HA), to non-phytotoxic metabolites. Previous research utilizing ‘Chinese Spring’ (CS) wheat, alien substitution (i.e., endogenous chromosome pair substituted with a homoeologous pair from diploid Sears’ goatgrass (Aegilops searsii M. Feldman & M. Kislev) (AS), or nullisomic-tetrasomic (NT) lines indicated plants lacking chromosome 5A are more sensitive than CS to HM. We hypothesized the increased HM sensitivity of these plants results from losing gene(s) on chromosome 5A associated with HA metabolism, which leads to a reduced HA detoxification rate relative to CS. To compare HA abundance among AS, CS, alien substitution, and NT lines during a time course, two excised-leaf studies using unlabeled HM and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analyses were performed. Aegilops searsii accumulated more HA than CS did, and each substitution line at 8, 12, and 24 h after treatment (HAT). Furthermore, only the wheat substitution line lacking chromosome 5A displayed greater abundance of HA relative to CS (2.4- to 3.8-fold, depending on the time point). In contrast, HA abundances in lines possessing chromosome 5A were not different than HA abundances in CS at all time points. When NT lines were compared with CS, the nullisomic 5D-tetrasomic 5A (N5D-T5A) line displayed similar HA abundance, whereas the nullisomic 5A-tetrasomic 5D (N5A-T5D) accumulated approximately 3-fold more HA at 12 and 24 HAT. These results biochemically support the hypothesis that genes encoding HA-detoxifying enzyme(s) are located on wheat chromosome 5A and corroborate findings from previous greenhouse phenotypic experiments. Future experimentation is needed to identify and characterize genes and enzymes on wheat chromosome 5A involved with HA detoxification, which may include cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, unknown oxidases, UDP-dependent glucosyltransferases, or, potentially, transcription factors that regulate expression of these genes associated with HA detoxification.
Assessing Global and Regional Trends in Spatially Co‐Occurring Hot or Wet Annual Maxima Under Climate Change
Authors: Biess B. , Gudmundsson L. , Seneviratne S. I. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRecent years were characterized by spatially co‐occurring hot and wet extremes around the globe, raising questions about the contribution of human‐induced global warming to the changing likelihoods of such extreme years. To characterize spatially co‐occurring extremes we investigate recent trends in global and regional land area that is concurrently affected by hot or wet annual maxima taking observational uncertainty into account. Observed trends in the land area affected by extreme events are assessed in the context of Earth System Model (ESM) simulations for present‐day and early‐industrial climate conditions in a detection and attribution setting. We compare different reanalysis and station‐based observational products to account for observational data uncertainty. At the global scale, trends of spatially co‐occurring hot or wet annual maxima in all observational products can be explained by ESM simulations driven by historical radiative forcing that accounts for human‐induced changes in the composition of the atmosphere but cannot be explained by ESM simulations that account for an early‐industrial radiative forcing. At the regional scale, trends in spatially co‐occurring hot annual maxima are in general coherent among observational products and can in most cases be attributed to human influence on the climate system. Trends in spatially co‐occurring wet annual maxima show differences in some regions, highlighting the importance of a multi‐dataset approach to overcome observational product dependencies. Despite observational uncertainty, we find robust detection and attribution results for many regions. These results can complement previous assessments on regional exposure to hot and wet events from the new IPCC AR6 report.
Salient Changes of Earth's Magnetic Field Toward the End of Cretaceous Normal Superchron (CNS)
Authors: Liu Xinyu , Li Yong‐Xiang , Richter Carl 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChanges in Earth's magnetic field during the Cretaceous Normal Superchron (CNS) spanning ∼121 Ma to ∼84 Ma hold important clues about the geodynamo evolution. Canonical models predict a persistently strong geomagnetic field with low variability during CNS, which, however, has not been observed in the available absolute paleointensity data and seafloor marine magnetic anomaly (MMA) records. The lack of relative paleointensity (RPI) data across CNS further impedes tests of model predictions. Here, we present a ∼9‐Myr (∼94–∼85 Ma) RPI record from a Turonian to Santonian hemipelagic succession from IODP Site U1512 offshore southern Australia. Detailed paleomagnetic and rock magnetic analyses demonstrate that the ratio of natural remanent magnetization (NRM) demagnetized at 20 mT over magnetic susceptibility (MS), that is, NRM20mT/MS, as a reliable proxy for the RPI of the Upper Cretaceous succession. The new RPI record shows marked changes in both intensity and variability at ∼90.8 Ma. Also, the 6 Myr‐long (∼94–∼88 Ma), near‐continuous, ∼1.2 kyr‐resolution RPI record exhibits a strong positive correlation between field intensity and variability. Assuming this correlation holds for the entire CNS, an extrapolated RPI curve for the entire CNS is obtained by integrating the positive correlation with field variability estimates from the MMA data. The extrapolated RPI curve shows a strong and highly variable field in the middle CNS but a weak and stable field at its beginning and ending. These features imply a much more dynamic geodynamo than previously thought, and provide crucial benchmarks for unraveling the geodynamo evolution during CNS.
Vegetation Loss Following Vertical Drowning of Mississippi River Deltaic Wetlands Leads to Faster Microbial Decomposition and Decreases in Soil Carbon
Authors: Creamer C. A. , Waldrop M. P. , Stagg C. L. , Manies K. L. , Baustian M. M. , Laurenzano C. , Aw T. G. , Haw M. , Merino S. L. , Schoolmaster D. R. , Sevilgen S. , Villani R. K. , Ward E. J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWetland ecosystems hold nearly a third of the global soil carbon pool, but as wetlands rapidly disappear the fate of this stored soil carbon is unclear. The aim of this study was to quantify and then link potential rates of microbial decomposition after vertical drowning of vegetated tidal marshes in coastal Louisiana to known drivers of anaerobic decomposition altered by vegetation loss. Profiles of potential CH4 and CO2 production (surface to 60 cm deep) were measured during anaerobic incubations, organic matter chemistry was assessed with infrared spectroscopy, and soil porewater nutrients and redox potentials were measured in the field along a chronosequence of wetland loss. After vertical drowning, pond soils had lower redox potentials, higher pH values, lower soil carbon and nitrogen concentrations, lower lignin: polysaccharide ratios, more NH4+ and PO43−, and higher rates of potential CO2 release than vegetated marsh soils. Potential CH4 production was similar in vegetated marshes and open water ponds, with depth‐dependent decreases in CH4 production as soil carbon concentrations increased. In these anoxic soils, vegetation loss exerts a primary control on decomposition rates because flooding drives sustained increases in porewater nutrient availability (NH4+ and PO43, dissolved organic carbon) and decreases in redox potential (from −150 to −500 mV) that lead to higher potential CO2 fluxes within a few years. Without new carbon inputs following wetland loss, the sustained decomposition in open water ponds may lead to losses of stored soil carbon and could influence global carbon budgets.
Observational Verification of High‐Order Solar Tidal Harmonics in the Earth's Atmosphere
Authors: He Maosheng , Forbes Jeffrey M. , Jacobi Christoph , Li Guozhu , Liu Libo , Stober Gunter , Wang Chi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study combines 8 years of middle atmospheric wind data observed at 52°N latitude from two radars in different longitudinal sectors to investigate solar tides. The power spectral density of horizontal winds exhibits a −3 power law within the frequency range 2.0 < f < 7.0 cpd (equivalent to periods 3.6 − 12.0 hr). Particularly noteworthy are the 4.8‐ and 4‐hr tides, exhibiting signal‐to‐noise ratios ranging between 13 and 16 dB, surpassing the 0.01 significance level. This challenges their previous oversight in literature, possibly due to inadequacies in prevailing noise models. Cross‐spectra between longitudinal sectors emphasize the dominance of sun‐synchronous components in the six lowest‐frequency tides. Composite spectra indicate that tidal enhancements during SSWs resemble regular seasonal variations. Intriguingly, year‐to‐year spectral variations suggest that these enhancements are more influenced by seasonal dynamics than by SSW, contrasting with established literature. These findings underscore the need to reevaluate tidal harmonics and consider appropriate noise models in future studies.
On the Importance of the Kelvin‐Helmholtz Instability on Magnetospheric and Solar Wind Dynamics During High Magnetic Shear
Authors: Nykyri Katariina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe secondary processes driven by the velocity shear driven Kelvin‐Helmholtz Instability (KHI) in the magnetized plasmas have been shown to be important in producing plasma transport and heating from the shocked solar wind into the Earth's magnetosphere (MSP). The plasma transport into the MSP due to KHI has been shown to be strongest during northward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) via KHI driven low‐ and mid‐latitude reconnection process. In a recent article, Li et al. (2023), https://doi.org/10.1029/2023gl105539 show Magnetosphere Multi‐Scale (MMS) spacecraft observations of multiple, Alfvénic reconnection jets during southward IMF at the dawn‐side MSP flank. The quasi‐periodic oscillations in plasma parameters and compressed, ion‐scale current sheets were strongly indicative of the MMS crossing regions of MSP‐like and magnetosheath‐like plasma within Kelvin‐Helmholtz waves. In this brief commentary, the importance of this new discovery for magnetospheric and solar wind dynamics is discussed.
NOON-state interference in the frequency domain
Authors: Lee Dongjin , Shin Woncheol , Park Sebae , Kim Junyeop , Shin Heedeuk 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe examination of entanglement across various degrees of freedom has been pivotal in augmenting our understanding of fundamental physics, extending to high dimensional quantum states, and promising the scalability of quantum technologies. In this paper, we demonstrate the photon number path entanglement in the frequency domain by implementing a frequency beam splitter that converts the single-photon frequency to another with 50% probability using Bragg scattering four-wave mixing. The two-photon NOON state in a single-mode fiber is generated in the frequency domain, manifesting the two-photon interference with two-fold enhanced resolution compared to that of single-photon interference, showing the outstanding stability of the interferometer. This successful translation of quantum states in the frequency domain will pave the way toward the discovery of fascinating quantum phenomena and scalable quantum information processing.
Sputnik Planitia as an impactor remnant indicative of an ancient rocky mascon in an oceanless Pluto
Authors: Ballantyne Harry A. , Asphaug Erik , Denton C. Adeene , Emsenhuber Alexandre , Jutzi Martin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPluto’s surface is dominated by the huge, pear-shaped basin Sputnik Planitia. It appears to be of impact origin, but modelling has not yet explained its peculiar geometry. We propose an impact mechanism that reproduces its topographic shape while also explaining its alignment near the Pluto–Charon axis. Using three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations to model realistic collisions, we provide a hypothesis that does not rely upon a cold, stiff crust atop a contrarily liquid ocean where a differentiated ~730 km ice–rock impactor collides at low-velocity into a subsolidus Pluto-like target. The result is a new geologic region dominated by impactor material, namely a basin that (in a 30° collision) closely reproduces the morphology of Sputnik Planitia, and a captured rocky impactor core that has penetrated the ice to accrete as a substantial, strength-supported mascon. This provides an alternative explanation for Sputnik Planitia’s equatorial alignment and illustrates a regime in which strength effects, in low-velocity collisions between trans-Neptunian objects, lead to impactor-dominated regions on the surface and at depth.
Prasinezumab slows motor progression in rapidly progressing early-stage Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Pagano Gennaro , Taylor Kirsten I. , Anzures Cabrera Judith , Simuni Tanya , Marek Kenneth , Postuma Ronald B. , Pavese Nicola , Stocchi Fabrizio , Brockmann Kathrin , Svoboda Hanno , Trundell Dylan , Monnet Annabelle , Doody Rachelle , Fontoura Paulo , Kerchner Geoffrey A. , Brundin Patrik , Nikolcheva Tania , Bonni Azad ,   PASADENA Investigators,   Prasinezumab Study Group
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrasinezumab, a monoclonal antibody that binds aggregated α-synuclein, is being investigated as a potential disease-modifying therapy in early-stage Parkinson’s disease. Although in the PASADENA phase 2 study, the primary endpoint (Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) sum of Parts I + II + III) was not met, prasinezumab-treated individuals exhibited slower progression of motor signs than placebo-treated participants (MDS-UPDRS Part III). We report here an exploratory analysis assessing whether prasinezumab showed greater benefits on motor signs progression in prespecified subgroups with faster motor progression. Prasinezumab’s potential effects on disease progression were assessed in four prespecified and six exploratory subpopulations of PASADENA: use of monoamine oxidase B inhibitors at baseline (yes versus no); Hoehn and Yahr stage (2 versus 1); rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (yes versus no); data-driven subphenotypes (diffuse malignant versus nondiffuse malignant); age at baseline (≥60 years versus <60 years); sex (male versus female); disease duration (>12 months versus <12 months); age at diagnosis (≥60 years versus <60 years); motor subphenotypes (akinetic–rigid versus tremor-dominant); and motor subphenotypes (postural instability gait dysfunction versus tremor-dominant). In these subpopulations, the effect of prasinezumab on slowing motor signs progression (MDS-UPDRS Part III) was greater in the rapidly progressing subpopulations (for example, participants who were diffuse malignant or taking monoamine oxidase B inhibitors at baseline). This exploratory analysis suggests that, in a trial of 1-year duration, prasinezumab might reduce motor progression to a greater extent in individuals with more rapidly progressing Parkinson’s disease. However, because this was a post hoc analysis, additional randomized clinical trials are needed to validate these findings.