bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-time observation of coherent chiral spin waves
Authors: Ha Taewoo , Sim Kyung Ik , Lee Howon , Shin Hyun Jun , Kim Sanghoon , Kim Se Kwon , Kim Jae Hoon , Han Dong-Soo , Choi Young Jai , Park Byung Cheol 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Magnonics, a crucial domain in information science and technology, utilizes spin waves in magnets as efficient information carriers1–4. While antiferromagnets have been suggested for versatile magnonic platform because of the coexistence of right- and left-handed spin waves, their energetic degeneracy poses challenges for observation through spectral measurements, limiting their applicability. Recent observations of distinct spin wave handedness within the gigahertz regime have reported5 but, are yet to be demonstrated in terahertz (THz) frequencies of antiferromagnetic spin waves. Most of all, the coherence of spin waves is a key aspect of quantum information. Here, employing THz time-domain spectroscopy—a direct, precise, and easy probe for monitoring coherent spin wave dynamics—we discern chiral antiferromagnetic spin waves of opposite phase windings in the time domain, noting their handedness (or chirality) reversal across the angular momentum compensation temperature in ferrimagnets. We establish a principle for directly measuring the chirality of coherent antiferromagnetic spin waves in ferrimagnets with net magnetic moment M ≠ 0 but angular momentum L = 0. Our multidimensional access in the time and spectral domain enables the accurate determination of critical temperature and the dynamic observation of coherent chiral spin waves simultaneously in a single experiment, with potential applications in exploring other quantum chiral entities.
Unveiling the hidden threat: Lasioderma serricorne infestation in Vermicelli and parasitic behaviour of Anisopteromalus calandrae
Authors: Dodiya R. D. , Pathan N. P. , Chachpara B. A. , Sondarava P. M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Grain kept in storage suffers significant financial losses due to the cigarette beetle (Lasioderma serricorne Fab). In addition, cigarette beetle has a tendency to ruin far more food than they really eat. An empirical experiment was carried out to ascertain the level of insect infestation in the vermicelli at Anand, Gujarat, India. Also, per cent weight loss of vermicelli due to infestation of L. serricorne and apparent parasitism of Anisopteromalus calandrae on grub of L. serricorne were calculated. The identified insect was L. serricorne, also known as the cigarette beetle, which harbours vermicelli. The percentage of weight that was loss as a result of its infestation ranged from 18.00 to 68.00 per cent. Notably, grub of L. serricorne was also parasitized by A. calandrae and the apparent parasitism ranged from 48.00 to 85.00 percent. It was first report of Lasioderma serricorne an infestation in vermicelli from India.
What leads people to tolerate negative interest rates on their savings under inflation? Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment
Authors: Bressan Aureliano Angel , Alcântara Guilherme Moreira e , Vieira Kelmara Mendes , de Abreu Daniel Pereira Alves 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the behavior of investors in the face of negative real interest rates through a quasi-experiment with 142 respondents. The study analyzes the impact of changes in the invested volume, time horizon, and interest rates on investment decisions. The findings reveal that investors with a shorter investment time horizon and those who save larger amounts are more likely to tolerate negative real rates. However, the tolerance for negative real rates decreases when investors are provided with information about the effects of inflation. The study found no effects of saving habits and financial literacy on the tolerance for negative real rates. These insights are important for policymakers and financial agents in countries with wide and successive variations in interest rates and inflation, as they can help in defining more effective and sustainable credit and financial inclusion policies.
Improving Well-being Among Women in Neonatology
Authors: Vyas-Read Shilpa , Yanni Diana , Scheid Annette , Sinha Cynthia , Ramsey Kara Wong , Hempel Bridget , Hubbard Dena , Pappagallo Mariann , Vargas Laura , Gowda Sharada , Savich Renate , Dammann Christiane , Vyas-Read Shilpa 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective– To evaluate the factors that improve professional and personal well-being amongst women in neonatology (WiN)
Study Design – A 30-question survey of multiple choice, rank order, and open-ended questions focused on professional and personal factors that affect the well-being of WiN members. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to determine leading factors and themes.
Results– Of 326 respondents, 64% felt “well” professionally over half of the time. Professional well-being was most affected by scheduling flexibility, helping patients, administrative and staffing support, feelings of being valued, and clinical workload/acuity. Time for family and self-care, having domestic help, and scheduling flexibility were factors that most positively impacted personal well-being.
Conclusion – In this national survey, WiN members identified the factors that can improve their well-being. Strategic planning and targeted interventions are urgently needed to enhance work-life integration and job satisfaction, leading to improved neonatal workforce retention and improved quality of patient care.
Study on Spatial Anti-jamming of Link-16 based on Power Inversion
Authors: Hou Xiaoling 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Link-16 data link is a widely used tactical communication system, which is characterized by good confidentiality, high transmission rate and strong anti-jamming ability.Link-16 incorporates variety of anti-jamming techniques including CRC, RS encoding, interleaving, CCSK spread spectrum, MSK modulation, high-speed frequency hopping, and dual-pulse structure, These technologies enable the system to achieve effective interference suppression in both time domain and frequency domain. To address problem when DOA of the desired signal cannot be obtained, the improved power inversion algorithm(PI) is presented. To tackle the problem of the attenuation in the desired direction during high SNR and insufficient interference suppression during low ISR, a matrix reordering-based power inversion algorithm (MRPI) is proposed. The MRPI algorithm employs a diagonal loading technique based generalized linear combination to correct the covariance matrix, then, the covariance matrix is decomposed by eigenvalue decomposition, and the eigenvectors corresponding to interference are discarded to mitigate the impact of interference components on the optimal weights, achieving strong interference suppression in the presence of weak interference.The effectiveness of the MRPI algorithm is verified through simulations by comparing the nulling variations of the desired and interference signal directions in the beam pattern. Additionally, the improvement of the system's anti-interference performance is validated by comparing the output SINR against the input SNR.
Integration of TWC &amp; GPF into exhaust system &amp; validating durability (vibration &amp; thermo- mechanical effect) through virtual analysis &amp; prototype to make system for EURO 6-c norms
Authors: Vibhute Mahesh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The aim of the paper was to enhance the existing cold end exhaust system by integrating a Gasoline Particulate Filter (GPF) system to eliminate particulate matter generated during combustion, ensuring compliance with Euro 6.2c emission standards. The current cold end underfloor with Three-Way Catalyst (TWC) lacked a GPF, resulting in non-compliance with Euro 6.2c emission regulations. It focuses on optimizing the inlet cone of a catalytic converter to achieve specific flow-related goals, ensuring the efficient utilization of the entire catalytic converter monolith. A higher uniformity index is crucial for enhancing the catalytic converter's efficiency. Subsequently, the baseline design of the catalytic assembly is examined, and modifications are applied to the inlet cone design. Additionally, Utilizing Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) tools to evaluate durability against vibration, thermomechanical effects, and other system properties, designs generated in CATIA software were analyzed and optimized. Subsequently, prototype samples were produced in-house, with SN testing conducted on the UFC inlet section to evaluate joint capacity, comparing it with safety factors. Furthermore, thermal fatigue tests were carried out on the samples to assess system sag resulting from thermal cycling and failure due to thermally induced stress. The observed sag was within the customer's specified limits, and the leak rate remained within regulatory bounds. The CAE tool results showed significant correlation with experimental and prototype findings, indicating no need for modifications based on physical testing results.
Lightweight NAS Super-Resolution model
Authors: Xie Junyan , Liang Jiu , Zhang Yu , Han Mingliang , Wan Jincheng , Yu Shui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes a lightweight image super-resolution reconstruction algorithm (Lightweight NAS Super-Resolution model, LNSR) based on neural network architecture search. The search space of the algorithm is divided into Cell level and Network level. The design of the Cell-level search space is based on the RFDB structure, focusing on searching for combinations of lightweight operators, aiming to build a more lightweight and efficient structure. The Network-level search space focuses on searching the feature connections between Cells, aiming to find the information flow that is most beneficial to improve performance. In order to reduce the time of network architecture search, this paper extends the search strategy of MiLeNAS. At the same time, this paper uses a new type of loss function, which comprehensively considers image distortion, high-frequency detail reconstruction, and model size to promote the model to search for a lightweight and high-performance network structure. The experimental results show that LNSR only needs to spend about 2 days on a 2080 Ti to search for the optimal network structure, and the hardware resources and time consumed are much less than that of FALSR-B. In terms of network scale and performance, LNSR surpasses the artificial design and NAS-based SOTA lightweight method with a lower amount of parameters and calculation.
MEG microstates: an investigation of underlying brain sources and potential neurophysiological processes
Authors: Valt Christian , Tavella Angelantonio , Berchio Cristina , Sportelli Leonardo , Rampino Antonio , Bertolino Alessandro , Pergola Giulio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Microstates are transient patterns of scalp configurations of brain activity measured by electroencephalography (EEG) at rest. To date, replicating EEG microstates in magnetoencephalography (MEG) data remains challenging. In this study with 113 participants, we aimed to identify prototypical MEG microstates (mMS) at rest, explore their corresponding brain sources, and relate their temporal features to changes in brain activity during open-eyes (ROE) or closed-eyes resting state (RCE). Additionally, we examined their relationship with stimulus-related activity during an auditory Mismatch Negativity (MMN) task. Meta-criterion validation of individual recurrent scalp topographies of resting-state brain activity at the group level identified six mMS. Four mMSs showed a strong spatial correlation with canonical EEG microstates. Fitting mMSs to the MEG signals revealed that mMSs were associated with different brain sources (mMS A/mMS B: left/right occipito-parietal; mMS C: fronto-temporal; mMS D: centro-medial; mMS F/mMS G: left/right fronto-parietal) and that mMS time coverage differed significantly across experimental conditions. Increases in occipital alpha power in RCE relative to ROE correlated with greater mMS A and mMS B time coverage. In the MMN task, the lateralization of deviant detection was associated with mMS F and mMS G time coverage. These results suggest that the MEG signal can be effectively decomposed into microstates. Microstate source reconstruction and task-related modulations indicate that mMSs are associated with large-scale networks and localized activities. Thus, mMSs can provide insight into brain network dynamics and task- or stimulus-specific brain processes, offering a tool to study physiologic and dysfunctional brain activity.
Chloroplast damage induced by simulated acid rain is delayed in soybean plants pretreated with 24- epibrassinolide: Evidence connected to photosynthesis and biomass
Authors: Lobato Allan Klynger da Silva , Pontes Caio Victor Silva , Gonçalves Maria Andressa Fernandes , Santos Valéria Castro dos , de Carvalho Nayane Cristina Figueiredo , Ferreira Thiago de Souza , Lopes Layse Kristine Corrêa , Silva Breno Ricardo Serrão da 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Acid rain (AR) is a major climate change-related factor that adversely affects plant metabolism and reduces crop and cereal yield. The natural, biodegradable plant growth regulator 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) has multiple effects on plant performance, including enhancing photosynthesis, antioxidant defences, and growth. In this study, we investigated whether pre-treatment with EBR can protect soybean plants exposed to simulated acid rain (SAR), with a focus on its impact on chloroplast pigments, photosynthetic apparatus, and biomass. The experiment was designed with four treatments, namely, two SAR (0 and 0.5 M H2SO4, designated – SAR and + SAR, respectively) and two brassinosteroid concentrations (0 and 100 nM EBR, defined as – EBR and + EBR, respectively). Five replicates for each of the four treatments were conducted, yielding 20 experimental units used in the experiment, with one plant in each. SAR adversely affected plant metabolism and growth; however, plants pretreated with EBR exhibited less damage to leaf structures and higher biomass under SAR conditions. Chloroplastic pigment degradation was delayed, and was detected as increased chlorophyll a (23%), chlorophyll b (29%), and total chlorophyll (24%) compared to plants receiving similar treatment without EBR. Regarding gas exchange, increments in net photosynthetic rate and water-use efficiency of 44% and 41%, respectively, were observed. These results can be explained by the stimulating effects of EBR pretreatment on stomatal characteristics, including stomatal density. Therefore, this study revealed that exogenous EBR application delayed SAR-induced deleterious effects in soybean plants.
Segmentation of Acute Ischemic Stroke Lesion from Non-Contrast CT Scans
Authors: Nag Manas Kumar , Sadhu Anup Kumar , Das Samiran 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This paper proposes an advanced deep learning model for detecting and segmenting the brain acute ischemic lesions from Non-Contrast CT scans. This treatise introduced the 3D CoAtNet model for accurately detecting hypo-intense lesions, which even experienced clinicians fail to detect with satisfactory accuracy. The computer-aided detection and segmentation can act as an assistive tool for clinicians. However, most of the prevalent machine learning models were unable to obtain satisfactory detection accuracy. We propose an efficient deep learning model based on the 3D CoAtNet, which combines the attention mechanism with convolution. It helps the shallow encoder-decoder structure to perform better feature extraction, which plays a crucial role in separating brain tissue and ischemic stroke lesions. Dilation rates of 1, 3, and 5 were applied to each encoder convolution block. We obtained the dice similarity score, which was calculated as 75% and the Jaccard index was 69%.
Can Decipheri̇ng the Growth of Meckel’s Diverticulum Help Us to Decide Resection Technique?
Authors: CAN MEHMET , ERGİN Malik , OKUR Özkan , PAYZA Ayşe Demet , POLATDEMİR Kamer , ORAL Akgün 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The employment of laparoscopic surgical techniques has reignited the debate on managing Meckel's Diverticulum (MD) due to its low complication rates. Nevertheless, concerns have been raised regarding completely removing any potential heterotopic mucosa. Our study aimed to compare surgical approaches in MD and assess the effectiveness of simple diverticulectomy.
Methods
The morphometric measurements and the location of the heterotopic mucosa were retrospectively analyzed between 2003 and 2022 for 139 patients with MD regarding growth and symptoms.
Results
Simple diverticulectomy achieved the lowest complication rate (p = 0.03). Length, diameter, and distance to the ileocecal valve increase linearly in the first three years of life (p = 0.00, p = 0.01, p = 0.00) but not in subsequent years As the length increases, the heterotopic mucosa (HM) is displaced distally (p = 0.01). Patients with HM extending to the ileodiverticular border always present with bleeding (p = 0.02).
Discussion
Simple diverticulectomy is a safe technique for MD’s resection. MD continues to grow until the age of 3 years and the HM is displaced distally and moves away from the ileodiverticular junction. Bleeding is the main symptom in patients with HM reaching the ileodiverticular junction. In patients with bleeding or younger than three years of age, simple diverticulectomy may not be considered safe.
Safety and Complications of Continuation of Aspirin Therapy in Patients Undergoing Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Simple Prostatectomy
Authors: Saini Sumit , Thakker Parth U. , Ritts Rory , O’Rourke Timothy K. , Hemal Ashok K. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the safety and feasibility of continued perioperative aspirin at the time of robotic assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP).
Materials and Methods
We performed a retrospective review of our IRB approved institutional database of patients who underwent RASP between 2013 to 2022. Comparative groups included patients taking aspirin continued in the perioperative period and those not taking aspirin pre-operatively. The primary outcome was any post-operative bleeding related complication using the modified Clavien-Dindo classification. Secondary outcomes included the identification of risk factors for increased blood loss in the entire study population, operative time, and blood transfusion requirement.
Results
143 patients underwent RASP of which 55 (38.5%) patients had continued perioperative aspirin therapy and 88 (61.5%) patients did not take perioperative aspirin. Baseline demographics were similar between the groups. Patients taking perioperative aspirin had a higher rate of hypertension (74.5% vs 58.0%, p = 0.04) and other cardiovascular disease (30.9% vs 11.4%, p = 0.007). Postoperative complications were similar between the groups (Clavien Dindo ³ 3; p = 0.43). Median blood loss (150 cc vs 150 cc, p = 0.38), percentage drop in hemoglobin (13.4 vs 13.2, p = 0.94) and blood transfusion rate (3.6 vs 1.1, p = 0.56) were similar between the two groups. The median blood loss was 150 ml for the whole study population. On regression analysis, neither aspirin nor any other variable was associated with increased blood loss (> 150 ml).
Conclusions
Aspirin can be safely continued perioperatively in patients undergoing RASP without any risk of bleeding related complications, blood loss, or increased transfusion rate.
Internet use and frailty in middle-aged and older adults: Findings from developed and developing countries
Authors: Li Liang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
With increasing trend of internet use in all age groups, whether internet use can prevent frailty in middle-aged and older adults remains unclear.
Methods
Five cohorts across the United States, England, 28 Europe countries, China and Mexico were used in this study. Frailty status was assessed by frailty index based on a standard procedure. Generalized estimating equations models, random effects meta-analysis, and mediation analysis were utilized.
Results
In the multicohort study, a total of 155,695 participants were included. The proportion of internet use was varied across countries, ranging from 5.56% in China to 83.46% in Denmark. According to the generalized estimating equations models and meta-analysis, internet use was inversely associated with frailty, with the pooled ORs (95%CIs) of 0.72 (0.67,0.79). Additionally, the association was partially mediated by social activities and slightly pronounced in participants aged 65 and over, male, not working for payment, not married or partnered, not smoking, drinking, and not co-residence with children.
Conclusions
Our findings highlight the important role of internet use in the incidence of frailty and recommend more engagements in social activities among middle-aged and older adults. Grasping the opportunity to spread health information and increase social activities by the internet would decrease the incidence of frailty.
Driving factors of molybdenum (Mo) bioavailability in the Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region of Southwestern China
Authors: Wu Zhiliang , Hou Qingye , Yang Zhongfang , Yu Tao , Li Dapeng , Lin Kun , Li Xuezhen , Li Bo , Huang Changchen , Wang Jiaxin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Molybdenum (Mo) plays an important role in maintaining plant growth and human health. Assessment studies on the driving factors of Mo migration in soil-crop systems are crucial for ensuring optimal agricultural and human health. The Mo bioconcentration factor (BCF-Mo) is a useful tool for evaluating Mo bioavailability in soil-crop systems. However, the influence pathways and degrees of different environmental factors on BCF-Mo remain poorly understood. In this context, 109 rhizosphere and maize grain samples were collected from the Longitudinal Range–Gorge Region (LRGR) in Linshui County, Sichuan Province, China, and analyzed for the contents of Mo and other soil physiochemical parameters to explore the spatial patterns of BCF-Mo and its driving factors. Areas with the highest BCF-Mo values were mainly observed in the southern and northern parts of the Huaying and Tongluo mountains. The influence degrees of the selected environmental factors in this study followed the order of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) < elevation (EL) < mean annual humidity (MAH) < slope (SL) < mean annual temperature (MAT). The MAH and NDVI directly influenced the BCF-Mo values. The EL and MAT indirectly affected the BCF-Mo values by influencing the rhizosphere organic matter (OM) contents, while the SL affected the BCF-Mo values by influencing the rhizosphere pH. Therefore, OM and pH of the rhizosphere were the main influencing factors of BCF-Mo in the study area. In summary, the selected environmental factors mainly exhibited indirect influences on BCF-Mo by directly affecting the physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere.