bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thoughtful faces: inferring internal states across species using facial features
Authors: Tlaie Alejandro , Hay Muad Abd El , Mert Berkutay , Taylor Robert , Ferracci Pierre-Antoine , Shapcott Katharine , Glukhova Mina , Pillow Jonathan , Havenith Martha , Schölvinck Marieke 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Animal behaviour is shaped to a large degree by internal cognitive states, but it is unknown whether these states are similar across species. To address this question, we developed a virtual reality setup in which mice and macaques engage in the same naturalistic visual foraging task. We exploited the richness of a wide range of facial features extracted from video recordings during the task, to train a Markov-Switching Linear Regression (MSLR). By doing so, we identified, on a single-trial basis, a set of internal states that reliably predicted when the animals were going to react to the presented stimuli. Even though the model was trained purely on reaction times, it could also predict task outcome, supporting the behavioural relevance of the inferred states. The identified states were comparable between mice and monkeys. Furthermore, each state corresponded to a characteristic pattern of facial features, highlighting the importance of facial expressions as manifestations of internal cognitive states across species.
Comparison of Surgical Outcomes of da Vinci Surgical Systems X and Xi: A Single-center Study
Authors: Nagata Hiroki , Komatsu Hiroaki , Yamamoto Koji , Okawa Masayo , Hikino Kohei , Iida Yuki , Wada Ikumi , Ikebuchi AI , Sawada Mayumi , Azuma Yukihiro , Sato Shinya , Harada Tasuku , Taniguchi Fuminori 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: The da Vinci surgical systems (X and Xi) are fourth-generation systems marketed by Intuitive Inc. The X system is less expensive compared with the Xi system. This study compared the surgical outcomes of patients who underwent hysterectomy using the X and Xi systems.
Methods: Data of 172 patients who underwent robot-assisted total hysterectomies by four surgeons between April 2019 and March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed in a single-center study. The patients were divided into two groups based on the system used for the surgery. Approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board of the Tottori University Hospital (22A134). All patients provided opt-out consent in accordance with institutional guidelines.
Results: The operative and console times in group X were shorter than those in group Xi after propensity score matching for age, body mass index, nulliparity, previous history of abdominal or pelvic surgery, pre-operative diagnosis, and surgical approach. No statistical differences were observed in a subgroup analysis of patients who underwent robot-assisted total laparoscopic hysterectomy without lymphadenectomy.
Conclusion: Perioperative outcomes for the X and Xi da Vinci surgical systems were equivalent. The cost-effective X system may allow the widespread use of robotic surgeries.
Individual Placement and Support; Service Development and Implementation of an Evidence-based Practice in Iran
Authors: Mirsepassi Zahra , Tabatabaee Maryam , Panahi Mansoureh , Chehrenegar Shahrzad , Sharifi Vandad , Shekari Pardis , Ghelichi Elnaz Pashaei , Nooshabadi Zohreh Tadbiri , Rasoulian Maryam 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) often face challenges in obtaining and maintaining employment, resulting in low occupational rates. The Individual Placement and Support (IPS) program has been proven effective in promoting employment for people with SMI. However, its implementation in low-resource settings is limited. This study aims to share the experience of developing and implementing IPS in Iran and discuss the encountered challenges.
Methods
An interdisciplinary team was formed, including academic members and experts in providing occupational services. Employment specialists were trained through workshops and supervision sessions. Stakeholders, including hospital administrators and psychiatrists, were engaged to promote the adoption of IPS. The study included individuals with SMI who accepted the invitation to participate. The IPS fidelity scale was utilized to assess the quality of the service.
Results
During the 36-month study period, 40 clients were referred, with a majority being male and having a diploma or university degree. The IPS fidelity scale scores indicated good fidelity at 6 months and exemplary fidelity at 12 months. However, a significant dropout rate was observed, with the majority occurring during the first and third steps of the IPS process.
Conclusion
The implementation of IPS in Iran faced challenges, including limited resources and high dropout rates. Despite these challenges, the study demonstrates the feasibility of developing and implementing IPS in a low-resource setting. Efforts to secure funding and engage stakeholders were crucial for the sustainability of the service. This study highlights the need for comprehensive evidence-based occupational programs for individuals with SMI in Iran and similar settings. Further research and interventions are warranted to address the identified challenges and improve employment outcomes for individuals with SMI.
Association of triglyceride-glucose index and its related parameters with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: evidence from a 15-year follow-up of Kailuan cohort
Authors: Xia Xue , Chen Shuohua , Tian Xue , Xu Qin , Zhang Yijun , Zhang Xiaoli , Li Jing , Wu Shouling , Wang Anxin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and its related parameters has been introduced as cost-effective surrogate indicators of insulin resistance, while prospective evidence on their effects on risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remained scattered and inconsistent. We aimed to evaluate the association of TyG with new-onset ASCVD and further compare their predictive capacity.
Method A total of 95,342 ASCVD-free participants were enrolled from the Kailuan study. TyG and its related parameters were defined by fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, BMI, WC and WHtR. The primary outcome was incident ASCVD, comprising myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke (IS). Cox proportional hazard models and restricted cubic spline analyses were adopted to investigate the association between each index and ASCVD. The C-index, integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and net reclassification improvement (NRI) were used for comparison of their predictive value for ASCVD.
Results During a median follow-up of 15.0 years, 8,031 new cases of ASCVD were identified. The incidence rate of ASCVD increased along with elevated levels of each index, and the relationships were found to be nonlinear in the RCS analyses. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for ASCVD was 1.39 (1.35, 1.43), 1.46 (1.41, 1.50), 1.50 (1.46, 1.55), and 1.52 (1.48, 1.57) per 1 IQR increase of baseline TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR, respectively, and the association were more pronounced for females and younger individuals aged <60 years (P for interaction<0.05). Using the updated mean or time-varying measurements instead of baseline indicators did not significantly alter the primary findings. Additionally, TyG-WC and TyG-WHtR showed better performance in predicting risk of ASCVD than TyG, with the IDI (95% CI) of (0.001, 0.004) and 0.004 (0.001, 0.004) and the category-free NRI (95% CI) of 0.120 (0.025, 0.138) and 0.143 (0.032, 0.166), respectively. Similar findings were observed for MI and IS.
Conclusions Both the TyG index and its related parameters were significantly and positively associated with ASCVD. TyG-WC and TyG-WHtR had better performance in predicting incident ASCVD than TyG, which might be more suitable indices for risk stratification and enhance the primary prevention of ASCVD.
Comparing Neuroendocrine Recovery Between Surgical and Conservative Management in Pituitary Apoplexy Patients: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis
Authors: Saktiwarawat Krittithee , Tunthanathip Thara , Oearsakul Thakul , Taweesomboonyat Chin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: Pituitary apoplexy is a rare and potentially life-threatening clinical syndrome. Patients may present with severe neuro-ophthalmologic or endocrine symptoms. Current evidence is unclear whether conservative or surgical management leads to the best neuroendocrine outcomes. This study aimed to compare neuroendocrine outcomes between surgical and conservative treatments in a single center.
Methods: Cases of patients with pituitary apoplexy who received transsphenoidal surgery or conservative management in Songklanagarind Hospital between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. A propensity score matching method was used to adjust bias from treatment selection (surgery or conservative treatment). Differences in visual acuity, visual field, cranial nerve, and endocrine outcomes between the surgical and conservative treatment groups were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.
Results: This study included 127 patients, with 98 and 29 patients in the surgical and the conservative treatment group, respectively. The optimal matching method was used for propensity score matching. Compared to the conservative group, the surgically treated patients had a significantly higher rate of visual field recovery (odds ratio (OR): 12.89, P = 0.007). However, there were no statistical differences in the recovery rate of preoperative visual acuity, cranial nerve, and endocrine deficits between the groups.
Conclusions: Transsphenoidal surgery was associated with a higher rate of visual field recovery when compared to the conservative treatment for pituitary apoplexy patients. Careful selection of appropriate treatment based on the patient’s presentation and neuroendocrine status will result in the best outcomes while avoiding unnecessary surgical intervention.
Multi-scenario surveillance of respiratory viruses in aerosols with a sub-single molecule spatial resolution
Authors: Liu Peng , Li Bao , Lin Baobao , Wang Yan , Shi Ye , Zeng Wu , Zhao Yulan , Gu Yin , Gao Hui , Cheng Hao , Zheng Xiaoqun , Xiang Guangxin , Wang Guiqiang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Highly sensitive airborne virus monitoring is critical for preventing and containing epidemics. However, the detection of airborne viruses at ultra-low concentrations remains challenging due to the lack of ultra-sensitive methods and easy-to-deployment equipment. Here, we present an integrated microfluidic cartridge that can accurately detect SARS-CoV-2 and various respiratory viruses with a sensitivity of 10 copies/mL. When seamlessly integrated with a high-flow aerosol sampler, our microdevice can achieve a sub-single molecule spatial resolution of 0.83 copies/m3for airborne virus surveillance. We then designed a series of virus-in-aerosols monitoring systems (RIAMs), including versions of a multi-site sampling RIAMs (M-RIAMs), a stationary real-time RIAMs (S-RIAMs), and a roaming real-time RIAMs (R-RIAMs) for different application scenarios. Using M-RIAMs, we performed a comprehensive evaluation of 210 environmental samples from COVID-19 patient wards, including 30 aerosol samples. The highest positive detection rate of aerosol samples (60%) proved the aerosol-based SARS-CoV-2 monitoring represents an effective method for spatial risk assessment. The detection of 78 aerosol samples in real-world settings via S-RIAMs confirmed its reliability for ultra-sensitive and continuous airborne virus monitoring. Therefore, RIAMs shows the potential as an effective solution for mitigating the risk of airborne virus transmission.
Cultivar-specific wheat-associated microbiomes and metabolites in response to nitrogen deficiency
Authors: Chan Lok Hang , Lam Shu Kee , Chen Deli , Tang Caixian , Chen Qinglin , Roessner Ute , Salazar Vinícius Werneck , Gupta Sneha , Dias Daniel Anthony , Hu Hang-Wei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims

Nitrogen (N) deficiency in soil constrains plant growth, which may potentially be alleviated by beneficial soil microbes. However, there is limited knowledge of the plant-microbe interactions of wheat cultivars with different N-use efficiency (NUE) under N deficiency.

Methods

We investigated the responses of soil and root endosphere microorganisms as well as root metabolites of two wheat cultivars (cv. Mace and Gladius) with reported high and low NUE, respectively, using a glasshouse experiment and a hydroponic experiment with three N levels.

Results

The rhizosphere bacterial community of Mace shifted under N deficiency, but not in its root endosphere. Conversely, the rhizosphere bacterial community of Gladius remained unchanged under N deficiency but shifted in its root endosphere. The metagenomic analysis illustrated that bacterial growth and motility in the rhizosphere of Mace, but not of Gladius, were potentially enhanced under N deficiency. A 4-fold increase in octadecanoic acid in the root extract of Mace, but not Gladius, under N deficiency, suggesting the potential role of octadecanoic acid in shaping the rhizobacterial community in Mace with higher reported NUE.

Conclusion

Our study provides new evidence highlighting the divergent responses of wheat-associated microorganisms and root metabolites to N deficiency in the two cultivars. In addition to this, our findings suggest that wheat cultivars with higher NUE may selectively recruit beneficial bacterial communities through secreting specific metabolites, thereby enhancing their growth under N-limited conditions.
Quantitative evaluation of the efficacy and safety profiles of two types of targeted inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy in ER+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Pan Meiyu , Lin Yan , Liu Yinhui , Xu Ruijuan , Yang Jin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study was to quantitatively compare the efficacy and safety of CDK4/6 inhibitors and PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors for ER+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer.
Methods
A parametric survival function was used to analyze the time course of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The objective response rate (ORR) and the incidence of any grade and grade 3–4 adverse events were summarized using the random-effects model of a single-arm meta-analysis.
Results
This study included 44 arms from 48 publications, with a total sample size of 7,881 patients. Our study revealed that CDK4/6 inhibitors had a median OS of 40.7 months, a median PFS of 14.8 months, and ORR of 40%. Whereas, PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors had a median OS of 29.8 months, a median PFS of 8.3 months, and ORR of 20%. Additionally, this study also found that the proportion of patients with visceral metastases and specific endocrine therapy used in combination significantly impact OS and PFS. In terms of adverse events, CDK4/6 inhibitors exhibited a relatively high incidence of hematological adverse events.
Conclusion
Our study provides solid quantitative evidence for the first-line recommendation of CDK4/6 inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy for ER+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer in clinical guidelines.
Effect of Primary PCI in asymptomatic STEMI patients presenting 12-48 hours of symptom onset, on myocardial viability assessed on SPECT - ‘EPITOME-99’
Authors: Pandit Manjunath Suresh , Sahoo Sibasis , Patel Vishalkumar M , Thangasami Senthilraj , Kashyap Vinayak H , Jameria Jevin , Pandey Vimlesh , Shanishwara Parth 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Guidelines on revascularization of asymptomatic STEMI patients presenting 12-48 hours of symptom onset are limited, evidence contributing lack of symptoms to non-viable myocardium are scarce. We utilized TC-99mSestaMIBI scan to study the impact of primary PCI on myocardial viability by deriving myocardial salvage index (MSI) in asymptomatic STEMI patients presenting between 12-48 hours of symptom onset to PCI.
Methods and results: We enrolled 141 patients with STEMI (12-48 hours), from January 2020 to December 2023, who then underwent TC-99mSestaMIBI scan, followed by revascularization of IRA with 138 patients completing the designed study with follow-up scan at 3 months. A substantial MSI of > 0.50 was achieved by 36 %, 8% and 5 % of patients from cohort A(12-24 hrs.), B(25-36 hrs.), and C(37-48 hrs.) respectively.Post Hoc analysis determined a comparable AAR of 34.47 %( ±11.70) throughout cohorts, however a greater reduction in FIS [Q=4.72 (p=.00309)]and MSI gain was noted among patients of cohort A alone [Q=4.18 (p=.01025)]. Regression analysis of MSI against PCI timing was negatively correlated (R= -0.41).
Conclusion: Asymptomatic stable STEMI patients presenting 12-24 hours of symptom onset to PCI, benefited from primary PCI with lesser final infarct size and larger MSI. Despite a comparable AAR across cohorts, MSI fell sharply among patients undergoing primary PCI 24-48 hours of symptom onset with a larger final infarct size, warranting viability guided revascularization. Although primary PCI improved final LVEF and MSI in patients with ischemic heart failure, parameter gain alone was insufficient in endeavoring a positive clinical impact.
High temperature and abrasion resistance of fly ash and ceramic waste powder based geopolymer mortar
Authors: Bhavsar Jay , Panchal Vijay Ramanlal 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The increasing popularity of geopolymer concrete is attributed to its small ecological footprint. Moreover, it presents substantial prospects for employing industrial waste as a substitute binder for producing geopolymer concrete. The ceramic waste powder (CWP), which is a by-product of the ceramic polishing and glazing process, was employed in the manufacturing of geopolymer mortar. This study investigated the heat and abrasion resistance of geopolymer mortar (GM) produced using two different types of CWP and fly ash. A GM was prepared by combining fly ash, CWP, and the alkaline activators NaOH and Na2SiO3. The study examined three different curing conditions: ambient, curing at 60 °C for 24 hours, and curing at 60 °C for 48 hours. All mortar mixes were heated to temperatures of 500°C and 1000°C for a period of 2 hours (h) to study their heat resistance. Both weight loss and compressive strength (CS) were assessed before and after temperature exposure. The assessment of abrasion resistance was conducted in line with the Indian standard. The study suggests that the utilization of CWP enhances the high temperature and abrasion resistance of GM.
Accuracy of Dental Symptom Checker Web Application in the Singapore Military Population
Authors: LIM Songping Nicholas , WOON Xuan Ru , GOH Enhui Charlene , NG Jingwen Claudia , ANG Seng Yao , LIM Teong Joe , ALLEN Patrick Finbarr 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

PurposeThe aim of this study was to investigate the triage performance, clinical efficacy and user perceived utility of a prototype dental SC,Toothbuddy, in assessing unscheduled dental visits in Singapore.MethodsA 5-month pilot trial was conducted for all unscheduled dental attendees to military dental facilities in Singapore between January to May 2023. The accuracy ofToothbuddyto tele-triage the dental conditions into three categories (Routine, Urgent, and Emergency) was determined. Based on the patient-reported symptoms input intoToothbuddy, clinical recommendations were provided for the categories Routine, Urgent and Emergency in the form of advice. Thereafter, all dental attendees were clinically assessed to determine the definitive category. Finally, a user questionnaire asked about the application’s functionality, utility, and user’s satisfaction. Sensitivity and specificity analyses were undertaken.ResultsDuring the period of study, there were 588 unscheduled dental visits who presented with clinical concerns without any prior appointments. Out of these cases, 275 (46.8%) were evaluated to be routine dental conditions where treatment can be delayed or self-managed, 243 (41.3%) required urgent dental care and 60 (10.2%) required emergency dental intervention. The accuracy ofToothbuddysymptom checker in categorizing the correct intervention was 79.6% (468 out of 588 cases). The sensitivity and specificity in categorizing routine vs non-routine conditions was 94.5% (95% CI: 92.0-97.1) and 74.0% (95% CI: 68.8-79.2). The app was generally well-received and rated highly across its user interface, content, and user sentiments.ConclusionPreliminary data suggest thatToothbuddycan perform accurate dental self-assessment for a suitable range of common dental concerns as a promising platform for virtual dental advice on spontaneous dental issues. External validation, further user-enhancements and features are recommended to expandToothbuddyfor wider public use.
Decompressive Craniotomy in Split-Technique (DCST) for TBI in infants: Introducing a new surgical technique to prevent long-term complications
Authors: Sarikaya-Seiwert Sevgi , Shabo Ehab , Schievelkamp Arndt-Hendrik , Born Mark , Wispel Christian , Haberl Hannes 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is rarely required in infants. These youngest patients are vulnerable to blood loss and cranial reconstruction can be challenging due to skull growth and bone flap resorption. On the other hand, infants have thin and flexible bone and osteogenic potential. We propose a new technique called DCST, which makes use of these unique aspects by achieving decompression using the circumstance of the thin and flexible bone. We describe the surgical technique and the follow up course over a period of 13 months. In our series, DCST achieved an adequate decompression and redundantized further surgeries in accordance with decompressive craniectomy.
Analytical performance and visual evaluation of test strips for fentanyl.
Authors: Wu Alan H.B. , Ong Chui Mei , Alamillo Melissa , Farias Steven , Barbosa Luana 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Testing street drugs for the presence of active drugs and drugs used as adulterants such as fentanyl can provide the user some confidence as to the safety of their pills. As such, disposable testing strips have become available through multiple vendors as a tool set to combat adulterants. Because there is not currently an industry standard for these products, they can vary in specifications and quality. This study serves as a broad evaluation survey across multiple vendors to compare performance and assess the best product for harm reduction.
Methods
We obtained 6 different commercially available different commercially available fentanyl test strips and evaluated them for analytical sensitivity using drug standards. The specificity of the fentanyl strips against fentanyl analogues was also assessed. Powdered fentanyl standards and analogues were initally dissolved in methanol and then serially diluted in water to bracket the manufacturer’s stated test strip sensitivity. Each dilution was tested in duplicate until a negative result was obtained. The ability to discern positive from negative results under different lighting conditions by two observers in duplicate, was also assessed for these strips including different lots for some.
Results
Three of the fentanyl strips had the best sensitivity (at 3.6 ng/mL each), well below the stated sensitivity of 10, 20, and 200 ng/mL. The other three were less sensitive (at 7.2, 29 ng/mL). For specificity against fentanyl analogues, all of the strips tested positive for all of the analogues tested, but at different levels. The visual endpoints for all of the strips were acceptable under normal lighting conditions, but cannot be read when the ambient light is low. The readability at different dwell times are noted.
Conclusion
Based on these results, we determined that the WPHM and Hangzhou SingClean fentanyl test strips had the best analytical sensitivity (3.6 ng/mL). The Henso strip had lower sensitivity but the best discrimination between positive and negative signals. Each of the fentanyl strips had varying degrees of specificity and visibility towards fentanyl drug analogues.