bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinguishing ASH clinical practice guidelines from other forms of ASH clinical advice
Authors: Cuker Adam , Kunkle Robert , Bercovitz Rachel S. , Byrne Michael , Djulbegovic Benjamin , Haberichter Sandra L. , Holter-Chakrabarty Jennifer , Lottenberg Richard , Pai Menaka , Rezende Suely M. , Seftel Matthew D. , Silverstein Roy L. , Terrell Deirdra R. , Cheung Matthew C. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The American Society of Hematology (ASH) develops a variety of resources that provide guidance to clinicians on the diagnosis and management of blood diseases. These resources include clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and other forms of clinical advice. Although both ASH CPGs and other forms of clinical advice provide recommendations, they differ with respect to the methods underpinning their development, the principal type of recommendations they offer, their transparency and concordance with published evidence, and the time and resources required for their development. It is crucial that end users be aware of the differences between CPGs and other forms of clinical advice and that producers and publishers of these resources use clear and unambiguous terminology to facilitate their distinction. The objective of this article is to highlight the similarities and differences between ASH CPGs and other forms of ASH clinical advice and discuss the implications of these differences for end users.
Somatic mutations in FAS pathway increase hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis risk in patients with T- and/or NK-cell lymphoma
Authors: Liu Ying , Sardana Rohan , Nemirovsky David , Frosina Denise , Jungbluth Achim , Johnson William T. , Vardhana Santosha , Arcila Maria , Horwitz Steven M. , Derkach Andriy , Dogan Ahmet , Xiao Wenbin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Although significant progress has been made in understanding the genetic basis of primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), the pathogenesis of secondary HLH, the more prevalent form, remains unclear. Among the various conditions giving rise to secondary HLH, HLH in patients with lymphoma (HLH-L) accounts for a substantial proportion. In this study, we investigated the role of somatic mutations in the pathogenesis of HLH-L in a cohort of patients with T- and/or natural killer–cell lymphoma. We identified a 3-time higher frequency of mutations in FAS pathway in patients with HLH-L. Patients harboring these mutations had a 5-time increased HLH-L risk. These mutations were independently associated with inferior outcome. Hence, our study demonstrates the association between somatic mutations in FAS pathway and HLH-L. Further studies are warranted on the mechanistic role of these mutations in HLH-L.
Serum chemistry profiling and prognostication in systemic mastocytosis: a registry-based study of the ECNM and GREM
Authors: Lübke Johannes , Schmid Alicia , Christen Deborah , Oude Elberink Hanneke N. G. , Span Lambert F. R. , Niedoszytko Marek , Gorska Aleksandra , Lange Magdalena , Gleixner Karoline V. , Hadzijusufovic Emir , Stefan Alex , Angelova-Fischer Irena , Zanotti Roberta , Bonifacio Massimiliano , Bonadonna Patrizia , Shoumariyeh Khalid , von Bubnoff Nikolas , Müller Sabine , Perkins Cecelia , Elena Chiara , Malcovati Luca , Hagglund Hans , Mattsson Mattias , Parente Roberta , Varkonyi Judit , Fortina Anna Belloni , Caroppo Francesca , Brockow Knut , Zink Alexander , Breynaert Christine , Leven Toon , Yavuz Akif Selim , Doubek Michael , Sabato Vito , Schug Tanja , Hartmann Karin , Triggiani Massimo , Gotlib Jason , Hermine Olivier , Arock Michel , Kluin-Nelemans Hanneke C. , Panse Jens , Sperr Wolfgang R. , Valent Peter , Reiter Andreas , Schwaab Juliana 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Certain laboratory abnormalities correlate with subvariants of systemic mastocytosis (SM) and are often prognostically relevant. To assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of individual serum chemistry parameters in SM, 2607 patients enrolled within the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis and 575 patients enrolled within the German Registry on Eosinophils and Mast Cells were analyzed. For screening and diagnosis of SM, tryptase was identified as the most specific serum parameter. For differentiation between indolent and advanced SM (AdvSM), the following serum parameters were most relevant: tryptase, alkaline phosphatase, β2-microglobulin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), albumin, vitamin B12, and C-reactive protein (P &lt; .001). With regard to subvariants of AdvSM, an elevated LDH of ≥260 U/L was associated with multilineage expansion (leukocytosis, r = 0.37, P &lt; .001; monocytosis, r = 0.26, P &lt; .001) and the presence of an associated myeloid neoplasm (P &lt; .001), whereas tryptase levels were highest in mast cell leukemia (MCL) vs non-MCL (308μg/L vs 146μg/L, P = .003). Based on multivariable analysis, the hazard-risk weighted assignment of 1 point to LDH (hazard ratio [HR], 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-4.0; P = .018) and 1.5 points each to β2-microglobulin (HR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.4-5.4; P = .004) and albumin (HR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.7-6.5; P = .001) delineated a highly predictive 3-tier risk classification system (0 points, 8.1 years vs 1 point, 2.5 years; ≥1.5 points, 1.7 years; P &lt; .001). Moreover, serum chemistry parameters enabled further stratification of patients classified as having an International Prognostic Scoring System for Mastocytosis–AdvSM1/2 risk score (P = .027). In conclusion, serum chemistry profiling is a crucial tool in the clinical practice supporting diagnosis and prognostication of SM and its subvariants.
Machine learning approach for predicting post-intubation hemodynamic instability (PIHI) index values: towards enhanced perioperative anesthesia quality and safety
Authors: Te Rigele , Zhu Bo , Ma Haobo , Zhang Xiuhua , Chen Shaohui , Huang Yuguang , Qi Geqi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Adequate preoperative evaluation of the post-intubation hemodynamic instability (PIHI) is crucial for accurate risk assessment and efficient anesthesia management. However, the incorporation of this evaluation within a predictive framework have been insufficiently addressed and executed. This study aims to developed a machine learning approach for preoperatively and precisely predicting the PIHI index values.

Methods
In this retrospective study, the valid features were collected from 23,305 adult surgical patients at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 2012 and 2020. Three hemodynamic response sequences including systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and heart rate, were utilized to design the post-intubation hemodynamic instability (PIHI) index by computing the integrated coefficient of variation (ICV) values. Different types of machine learning models were constructed to predict the ICV values, leveraging preoperative patient information and initiatory drug infusion. The models were trained and cross-validated based on balanced data using the SMOTETomek technique, and their performance was evaluated according to the mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and R-squared index (R2).

Results
The ICV values were proved to be consistent with the anesthetists’ ratings with Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.877 (P < 0.001), affirming its capability to effectively capture the PIHI variations. The extra tree regression model outperformed the other models in predicting the ICV values with the smallest MAE (0.0512, 95% CI: 0.0511–0.0513), RMSE (0.0792, 95% CI: 0.0790–0.0794), and MAPE (0.2086, 95% CI: 0.2077–0.2095) and the largest R2 (0.9047, 95% CI: 0.9043–0.9052). It was found that the features of age and preoperative hemodynamic status were the most important features for accurately predicting the ICV values.

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate the potential of the machine learning approach in predicting PIHI index values, thereby preoperatively informing anesthetists the possible anesthetic risk and enabling the implementation of individualized and precise anesthesia interventions.
Creating culturally-informed protocols for a stunting intervention using a situated values-based approach (WeValue InSitu): a double case study in Indonesia and Senegal
Authors: Chapman Annabel J. , Ebido Chike C. , Tening Rahel Neh , Huang Yanyan , Sougou Ndèye Marème , Kolopaking Risatianti , Diallo Amadou H. , Anggorowati Rita , Dial Fatou B. , Massonnié Jessica , Firoozmand Mahsa , Niang Cheikh El Hadji Abdoulaye , Harder Marie K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInternational development work involves external partners bringing expertise, resources, and management for local interventions in LMICs, but there is often a gap in understandings of relevant local shared values. There is a widespread need to better design interventions which accommodate relevant elements of local culture, as emphasised by recent discussions in global health research regarding neo-colonialism. One recent innovation is the concept of producing ‘cultural protocols’ to precede and guide community engagement or intervention design, but without suggestions for generating them. This study explores and demonstrates the potential of an approach taken from another field, named WeValue InSitu, to generate local culturally-informed protocols. WeValue InSitu engages stakeholder groups in meaning-making processes which ‘crystallize’ their envelope of local shared values, making them communicable to outsiders.Our research context is understanding and reducing child stunting, including developing interventions, carried out at the Senegal and Indonesia sites of the UKRI GCRF Action Against Stunting Hub. Each national research team involves eight health disciplines from micro-nutrition to epigenetics, and extensive collection of samples and questionnaires. Local culturally-informed protocols would be generally valuable to pre-inform engagement and intervention designs. Here we explore generating them by immediately following the group WeValue InSitu crystallization process with specialised focus group discussions exploring: what local life practices potentially have significant influence on the environments affecting child stunting, and which cultural elements do they highlight as relevant. The discussions will be framed by the shared values, and reveal linkages to them. In this study, stakeholder groups like fathers, mothers, teachers, market traders, administrators, farmers and health workers were recruited, totalling 83 participants across 20 groups. Themes found relevant for a culturally-informed protocol for locally-acceptable food interventions included: specific gender roles; social hierarchies; health service access challenges; traditional beliefs around malnutrition; and attitudes to accepting outside help. The concept of a grounded culturally-informed protocol, and the use of WeValue InSitu to generate it, has thus been demonstrated here. Future work to scope out the advantages and limitations compared to deductive culture studies, and to using other formative research methods would now be useful.
On-demand mobile hypertension training for primary health care workers in Nigeria: a pilot study
Authors: Odu Joseph , Osi Kufor , Nguyen Leander , Goldstein Allison , Appel Lawrence J. , Matsushita Kunihiro , Ojji Dike , Orji Ikechukwu A. , Alex-Okoh Morenike , Odoh Deborah , Toma Malau Mangai , Elemuwa Chris Ononiwu , Lamorde Suleiman , Baraya Hasana , Dewan Mary T. , Chijioke Obagha , Moran Andrew E. , Agogo Emmanuel , Thomas Marshall P. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Only one out of every ten Nigerian adults with hypertension has their blood pressure controlled. Health worker training is essential to improve hypertension diagnosis and treatment. In-person training has limitations that mobile, on-demand training might address. This pilot study evaluated a self-paced, case-based, mobile-optimized online training to diagnose and manage hypertension for Nigerian health workers.

Methods
Twelve hypertension training modules were developed, based on World Health Organization and Nigerian guidelines. After review by local academic and government partners, the course was piloted by Nigerian health workers at government-owned primary health centers. Primary care physician, nurse, and community health worker participants completed the course on their own smartphones. Before and after the course, hypertension knowledge was evaluated with multiple-choice questions. Learners provided feedback by responding to questions on a Likert scale.

Results
Out of 748 users who sampled the course, 574 enrolled, of whom 431 (75%) completed the course. The average pre-test score of completers was 65.4%, which increased to 78.2% on the post-test (P < 0.001, paired t-test). Health workers who were not part of existing hypertension control programs had lower pre-test scores and larger score gains. Most participants (96.1%) agreed that the training was applicable to their work, and nearly all (99.8%) agreed that they enjoyed the training.

Conclusions
An on-demand mobile digital hypertension training increases knowledge of hypertension management among Nigerian health workers. If offered at scale, such courses can be a tool to build health workforce capacity through initial and refresher training on current clinical guidelines in hypertension and other chronic diseases in Nigeria as well as other countries.
Kilogram scale facile synthesis and systematic characterization of a Gd-macrochelate as T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent
Authors: Shi Meng , Xiong Wei , Feng Jie , Wu Lihe , Yang Jing , Lu Yudie , Lu Xuanyi , Fan Qingdeng , Nie Hemin , Dai Yunlu , Yan Chenggong , Tian Ye , Shen Zheyu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo overcome the problems of commercial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents (CAs) (i.e., small molecule Gd chelates), we have proposed a new concept of Gd macrochelates based on the coordination of Gd3+ and macromolecules, e.g., poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). To further decrease the r2/r1 ratio of the reported Gd macrochelates that is an important factor for T1 imaging, in this study, a superior macromolecule hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride (HPMA) was found to coordinate Gd3+. The synthesis conditions were optimized and the generated Gd-HPMA macrochelate was systematically characterized. The obtained Gd-HPMA29 synthesized in a 100 L of reactor has a r1 value of 16.35 mM−1 s−1 and r2/r1 ratio of 2.05 at 7.0 T, a high Gd yield of 92.7% and a high product weight (1074 g), which demonstrates the feasibility of kilogram scale facile synthesis. After optimization of excipients and sterilization at a high temperature, the obtained Gd-HPMA30 formulation has a pH value of 7.97, osmolality of 691 mOsmol/kg water, density of 1.145 g/mL, and viscosity of 2.2 cP at 20 ℃ or 1.8 cP at 37 ℃, which meet all specifications and physicochemical criteria for clinical injections indicating the immense potential for clinical applications.
Graphical Abstract
Unusual origins of cardiac insufficiency: a case of iliac arteriovenous fistula post-spinal disc surgery
Authors: Chen Zheng-Ji , Ahmad Nouman , Huang Ling-Jin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this case report, we present the unique and intriguing case of a 57-year-old man who experienced exertional palpitations and shortness of breath for 5 years. He was diagnosed with idiopathic heart failure three years ago, leading to diuretic treatment. Physical examination revealed notable left lower extremity swelling, severe varicose veins, and cardiac murmurs. Echocardiography showed significant cardiac enlargement and severe functional mitral and tricuspid valve regurgitation. Computed tomography (CT) imaging uncovered a 10 mm left common iliac arteriovenous fistula, causing abnormal early filling of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and marked IVC dilation. Open surgical repair of the arteriovenous fistula resulted in symptom relief and improved cardiac function. This case underscores the importance of considering unusual causes in heart failure patients and highlights the value of early diagnosis and intervention in complex cardiac-vascular interactions.
U2AF2-SNORA68 promotes triple-negative breast cancer stemness through the translocation of RPL23 from nucleoplasm to nucleolus and c-Myc expression
Authors: Zhang Wenrong , Song Xinyue , Jin Zining , Zhang Yiqi , Li Shan , Jin Feng , Zheng Ang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) play key roles in ribosome biosynthesis. However, the mechanism by which snoRNAs regulate cancer stemness remains to be fully elucidated.

Methods
SNORA68 expression was evaluated in breast cancer tissues by in situ hybridization and qRT‒PCR. Proliferation, migration, apoptosis and stemness analyses were used to determine the role of SNORA68 in carcinogenesis and stemness maintenance. Mechanistically, RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), cell fractionation and coimmunoprecipitation assays were conducted.

Results
SNORA68 exhibited high expression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and was significantly correlated with tumor size (P = 0.048), ki-67 level (P = 0.037), and TNM stage (P = 0.015). The plasma SNORA68 concentration was significantly lower in patients who achieved clinical benefit. The SNORA68-high patients had significantly shorter disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0.036). Functionally, SNORA68 was found to promote the cell stemness and carcinogenesis of TNBC in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, elevated SNORA68 expression led to increased nucleolar RPL23 expression and retained RPL23 in the nucleolus by binding U2AF2. RPL23 in the nucleolus subsequently upregulated c-Myc expression. This pathway was validated using a xenograft model.

Conclusion
U2AF2-SNORA68 promotes TNBC stemness by retaining RPL23 in the nucleolus and increasing c-Myc expression, which provides new insight into the regulatory mechanism of stemness.
A new computational approach for optimal control of switched systems
Authors: Zhu Xi , Bai Yanqin , Yu Changjun , Teo Kok Lay 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe combination of the time-scaling transformation and control parameterization has proven to be an effective approach in addressing optimal control problems involving switching systems with predefined subsystem sequences. However, this approach has certain limitations. First, the number of control switchings is required to be no less than the number of subsystem switchings. Second, the switching of the subsystem must be accompanied by the switching of the control. Third, this scheme introduces many hyperparameters, leading to combinatorial explosion. To address these drawbacks, we introduce a novel computational approach such that the control switching can be independent of subsystem switching. The superiority of this novel approach can be clearly observed from the solutions obtained using the proposed method for solving two illustrative examples.
Sociodemographic, clinical and treatment characteristics of current rapid-cycling bipolar disorder: a multicenter Chinese study
Authors: Xu Jin-jie , Zhu Xue-quan , Liu Shuang , Ding Lu-yu , Fu Bing-bing , Sun Cong-cong , Pan Yan-li , Wang Wei , Zhang Ling 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Rapid cycling bipolar disorder (RCBD), characterized by four or more episodes per year, is a complex subtype of bipolar disorder (BD) with poorly understood characteristics.

Method
This multicenter, observational, longitudinal cohort study enrolled 520 BD patients across seven psychiatric institutions in China from January 2013 to January 2014. Participants were divided into RCBD and non-RCBD (NRCBD) groups based on the frequency of mood episodes in the preceding year. Data collection utilized a standardized form, supplemented by a medical record review, focusing on sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics. Statistical analysis involved independent samples t-tests, Kruskal–Wallis H tests, Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests, with Bonferroni correction applied to account for multiple comparisons, and multivariable logistic regression to identify characteristics associated with RCBD.

Results
Among the BD cohort, 9.4% were identified as current RCBD. Compared to NRCBD, RCBD patients had a shorter duration from the first psychiatric consultation to the diagnosis of BD, a reduced duration of their longest period of euthymia, a lower proportion of lifetime hospitalization history due to BD, and less use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) within the last 12 months. Additionally, they presented higher baseline scores on the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) and the Brief 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report (QIDS-SR16). However, after applying the Bonferroni correction, these differences were not statistically significant. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified three factors that were independently associated with RCBD: time from first psychiatric consultation to BD diagnosis (Odds Ratio [OR] = 0.512, P = 0.0416), lifetime hospitalization history due to BD (OR = 0.516, P = 0.0476), and ECT treatment within the past 12 months (OR = 0.293, P = 0.0472).

Conclusion
This study revealed that the duration from first psychiatric consultation to BD diagnosis, lifetime hospitalization history due to BD, and ECT treatment in the past year were associated with RCBD. Recognizing these factors could contribute to enhance the early identification and clinical outcomes of RCBD.
Trial Registration Number Registry ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01770704. Date of Registration: First posted on January 18, 2013.
Digital storytelling online: a case report exploring virtual design, implementation opportunities and challenges
Authors: Mansfield Elizabeth , Jalal Nafeesa , Sanderson Rani , Shetty Geeta , Hylton Andrea , D’Silva Chelsea 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Digital storytelling is an arts-informed approach that engages short, first-person videos, typically three to five minutes in length, to communicate a personal narrative. Prior to the pandemic, digital storytelling initiatives in health services research were often conducted during face-to-face workshops scheduled over multiple days. However, throughout the COVID-19 lockdowns where social distancing requirements needed to be maintained, many digital storytelling projects were adapted to online platforms.

Methods
As part of a research project aiming to explore the day surgery treatment and recovery experiences of women with breast cancer in Peel region, we decided to pivot our digital storytelling process to an online format. During the process, we observed that the online digital storytelling format had multiple opportunities and challenges to implementation.

Results
This paper outlines our promising practices and lessons learned when designing and implementing an online digital storytelling project including pre-production, production and post-production considerations.

Conclusions
We provide lessons learned for future teams intending to conduct an online digital storytelling project.