bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation Analysis of Secondary Metabolism and Endophytic Fungal Assembles Provide Insights Into Screening Efficient Taxol‐Related Fungal Elicitors
Authors: Wang Mingshuang , Liang Xueshuang , Ma Ruoyun , Lin Wanting , Fang Zijin , Zhang Lingxiao , Chen Ganlin , He Jiaxu , Bai Enhui , Pi Erxu , Zhang Pengcheng , Wang Huizhong , Shen Chenjia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe efficacy of Taxol, a natural anticancer drug, in the treatment of various types of cancers has been certified globally. Fungal elicitors have been reported as an impressive strategy for enhancing Taxol biosynthesis. We have investigated the effect of twig age on Taxol biosynthesis and the communities of endophytic fungi. A negative correlation between Taxol content and the complexity of the endophytic fungal community in twigs was predicted. Endogenous taxoids, similar to balancing valves, might have a specific effect on controlling the microbiota assembly in Taxus twigs. Utilising the special correlation, 11 isolates of twig age‐associated fungi were used to screen new fungal elicitors involved in Taxol biosynthesis. Two efficient fungal elicitors, L01 (Guignardia) and J02 (Diaporthe), were identified, increasing the Taxol contents by 5.91‐ and 4.83‐folds, respectively. It is confirmed that effective fungal elicitors may be negatively correlated with Taxol contents in Taxus tissues. Furthermore, the J02 and L01 fungal elicitors significantly induced the jasmonic acid (JA) content, speculating the involvement of MYC2a‐controlled JA signalling in fungal elicitor‐activated Taxol biosynthesis. Our data revealed the effect of twig age on Taxol biosynthesis of Taxus and provided a novel approach to screen effective fungal elicitors involved in Taxol biosynthesis.
Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Rotating Wedge-Shaped Cooling Channel with Optimized Detached Guiding Pin-Fin
Authors: Chen Jianian , Xu Chao , Rao Yu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Experiments and numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the guiding pin-fin array in a rotating wedge-shaped channel. The rotating experiments cover Reynolds number ranges from 10,000 to 80,000 and rotation number ranges from 0 to 0.46. The results demonstrate that the guiding pin-fin array can significantly reduce the endwall temperature and pressure loss in the wedge-shaped channel. To further enhance channel heat transfer uniformity, clearances were introduced to the guiding pin fins at the channel root region. The numerical results show that this structural modification effectively improved the endwall heat transfer intensity at the mid-span of the wedge-shaped channel. In cases Re = 50,000 and Ro = 0.075, the leading and trailing endwall Nusselt numbers of the detached guiding pin-fin array were 6.5% and 4.8% higher than those of the guiding pin-fin array. Further comparisons at Ro =0.075 and 0.15 revealed that the leading and trailing endwall heat transfer discrepancy coefficient (d) of the detached guiding pin-fin array was 61.8% and 42.2% lower than that of the circular pin-fin array, respectively. In high temperature cases with solid domain, the detached guiding pin-fin array also can provide superior cooling performance. In the wedge-shaped channel with detached guiding pin-fin, the maximum and average temperature values of the solid domain are about 10% lower than that of the channel with circular pin-fin.
100-Year Analysis of Roll Decay for Surface-Ship Models
Authors: Park Joel T. , McCoy Andrew M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A history is described on roll decay analysis for experiments with surface-ship scale models at the Naval Warfare Center Carderock Division (NSWCCD), a naval hydrodynamic facilities known as David Taylor Model Basin (DTMB). The earliest roll decay analysis for a model test is from a report in 1923 that compares roll decay analysis for bilge keels off and on. A time history plot provides a measurement of roll period. The roll damping is indicated graphically by a curve fit of the peaks. With modern methods, the damping coefficient is computed with a curve fit of exponential damping. An early example of the estimate of roll damping is by log decrement of the ratio of successive roll peak pairs was in 1976. More recently, both damping coefficient and period are computed from a curve fit of exponentially decaying cosine function, which is the solution of a second-order ordinary differential equation with constant coefficients. The largest uncertainty in damping coefficient is by log decrement, and lowest by the exponential cosine with the exponential fit of peaks in between. For the log decrement method, roll period must be computed independently. The roll period is calculated from the time between zero crossings in the time series, time between peaks, or peak in the power spectrum of the roll angle.
Improvements in friction stir welding strength considering design and process parameters by using Aluminum alloy AA7075-T6
Authors: Ahmad Zaheer , Hussain Salman , Jawad Muhammad , Ahmad Wasim , Jahanzaib Mirza 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this research work tool rotational speed, tool hardness, shoulder to pin diameter ratio and welding speed/ feed were selected as the parameters to see how we can increase the quality of the weld by varying these parameters. Highlights of this research work are: (a) Efficient tool design regarding material selection for the tool and design of the tool (D/d ratio) (b) Effects of FSW parameters mostly tool rotational speed on mechanical properties related to quality and strength of the weld (c) effect of tool hardness and welding speed on strength of friction stir welding.
Design of experiment software was used to design experiments and tool geometry. Another technique that was used in this research was related to regression analysis to forecast the tensile strength and hardness of friction stir welded joint. The Tensile strength and hardness were the output responses. From the investigation of influence of the parameters it was concluded that welding speed is the most significant parameter while rotational speed, Tool hardness and D/d ratio are least significant parameters however these parameters still affect the quality of weld. An evaluation was made between measured and predicted results by developing a regression model and the values obtained for the response tensile strengths and hardness were compared with measured values. SEM analysis was done on the low medium and high values samples to visualize the grain structure by fractography. Three confirmation tests were carried out in order to validate the regression models.
β-Lactamase diversity in
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Mack Andrew R. , Hujer Andrea M. , Mojica Maria F. , Taracila Magdalena A. , Feldgarden Michael , Haft Daniel H. , Klimke William , Prasad Arjun B. , Bonomo Robert A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
is a clinically important Gram-negative pathogen responsible for a wide variety of serious nosocomial and community-acquired infections. Antibiotic resistance is a major concern, as this organism has a wide variety of resistance mechanisms, including chromosomal class C (
bla
PDC
) and D (
bla
OXA-50
family) β-lactamases, efflux pumps, porin channels, and the ability to readily acquire additional β-lactamases. Surveillance studies can reveal the diversity and distribution of β-lactamase alleles but are difficult and expensive to conduct. Herein, we apply a novel approach, using publicly available data derived from whole genome sequences, to explore the diversity and distribution of β-lactamase alleles across 30,452
P
.
aeruginosa
isolates. The most common alleles were
bla
PDC-3
,
bla
PDC-5
,
bla
PDC-8
,
bla
OXA-488
,
bla
OXA-50
, and
bla
OXA-486
. Interestingly, only 43.6% of assigned
bla
PDC
alleles were encountered, and the 10 most common
bla
PDC
and intrinsic
bla
OXA
alleles represent approximately 75% of their respective total alleles, while many other assigned alleles were extremely uncommon. As anticipated, differences were observed over time and geography. Surprisingly, more distinct unassigned alleles were encountered than distinct assigned alleles. Understanding the diversity and distribution of β-lactamase alleles helps to prioritize variants for further research, select targets for drug development, and may aid in selecting therapies for a given infection.
An astrobiological perspective on microbial biofilms: their importance for habitability and production of detectable and lasting biosignatures
Authors: Gonzalez-Henao Sarah , Schrenk Matthew O. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

The search for life elsewhere in the universe has remained one of the main goals of astrobiological exploration. In this quest, extreme environments on Earth have served as analogs to study the potential habitability of Mars and icy moons, which include but are not limited to hydrothermal vent systems, acid lakes, deserts, and polar ice, among others. Within the various forms that life manifests, biofilms constitute one of the most widespread phenotypes and are ubiquitous in extreme environments. Biofilms are structured communities of microorganisms enclosed in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that protect against unfavorable and dynamic conditions. These concentrated structures and their associated chemistry may serve as unique and persistent signatures of life processes that may aid in their detection. Here we propose biofilms as a model system to understand the habitability of extraterrestrial systems and as sources of recognizable and persistent biosignatures for life detection. By testing these ideas in extreme analog environments on Earth, this approach could be used to guide and focus future exploration of samples encompassing the geologic record of early Earth as well as other planets and moons of our solar system.
Variations in salivary microbiome and metabolites are associated with immunotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced NSCLC
Authors: Huang DanHui , Chen YueHua , Li Cui , Yang Shuang , Lin LiShan , Zhang XiaoNan , Su XiaoFang , Liu LaiYu , Zhao Haijin , Luo Tingyue , Cai Shaoxi , Ren QianNan , Dong Hangming 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprising the majority of cases. Despite the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), a significant number of patients fail to achieve a durable response, highlighting the need to understand the factors influencing treatment efficacy. Saliva samples and tumor samples were collected from 20 NSCLC patients. The salivary microbiota was profiled using metagenomic next-generation sequencing, and metabolites were analyzed via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify correlations among bacteria, metabolites, and immunotherapy responses. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of tissue samples verified the result. Besides,
in vitro
experiments and tumor tissue microarray, including 70 NSCLC patients, were utilized to further explore the potential mechanism linking the oral microbiome and immunotherapy efficacy. The study revealed several differential species and distinct metabolite compositions between responders and non-responders to ICI therapy in NSCLC and explored correlations and mechanisms between microbiota metabolites and immunotherapy resistance. Notably, it was found that several
Neisseria
and
Actinomyces
species were significantly enriched in responders and identified lipids and lipid-like molecules associated with PD-L1 expression levels and treatment outcomes. Importantly, several differential lipid molecules were associated with differential species. Further,
in vitro
experiments and IHC experiments indicated that abnormal fat metabolism linked to dysbiosis is correlated with immunotherapy resistance through regulation of CD8
+
T cell activity/infiltration and PD-L1 expression. Specific saliva microbiome and its associated lipids metabolites are significantly associated with the efficacy of ICI-based therapy in lung cancer. Our findings suggest that oral microbiome modulation and targeting lipid metabolism could improve immunotherapy responses, offering new avenues for personalized treatment strategies.

IMPORTANCE

In non-small cell lung cancer, our study links specific salivary microbiome profiles and related lipid metabolites to the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies. Responders showed enrichment of certain
Neisseria
and
Actinomyces
species and distinct lipid compositions. These lipids correlate with PD-L1 expression and CD8
+
T cell activity, affecting treatment outcomes. Our results imply that modulating the oral microbiome and targeting lipid metabolism may enhance ICI effectiveness, suggesting novel personalized therapeutic approaches.
Association between the subclinical level of problematic internet use and habenula volume: a look at mediation effect of neuroticism
Authors: Zakia Halwa , Kyuragi Yusuke , Dai Qi , Oishi Naoya , Ishikawa Yuzuki , Yao Lichang , Aki Morio , Murai Toshiya , Fujiwara Hironobu 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundOngoing debates question the harm of internet use with the evolving technology, as many individuals transition from regular to problematic internet use (PIU). The habenula (Hb), located between the thalamus and the third ventricle, is implicated in various psychiatric disorders. In addition, personality features have been suggested to play a role in the pathophysiology of PIU.AimsThis study aimed to investigate Hb volumetry in individuals with subclinical PIU and the mediating effect of personality traits on this relationship.Methods110 healthy adults in this cross-sectional study underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging. Hb segmentation was performed using a deep learning technique. The Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and the NEO Five-Factor Inventory were used to assess the PIU level and personality, respectively. Partial Spearman’s correlation analyses were performed to explore the relationships between Hb volumetry, IAT and NEO. Multiple regression analysis was applied to identify personality traits that predict IAT scores. The significant trait was then treated as a mediator between Hb volume and IAT correlation in mediation analysis with a bootstrap value of 5000.ResultsRelative Hb volume was negatively correlated with IAT scores (partial rho=−0.142, p=0.009). The IAT score was positively correlated with neuroticism (partial rho=0.430, p<0.001) and negatively correlated with extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness (partial rho=−0.213, p<0.001; partial rho=−0.279, p<0.001; and partial rho=−0.327, p<0.001). There was a significant indirect effect of Hb volume on this model (β=−0.061, p=0.048, boot 95% confidence interval: −0.149 to −0.001).ConclusionsThis study uncovered a crucial link between reduced Hb volume and heightened PIU. Our findings highlight neuroticism as a key risk factor for developing PIU. Moreover, neuroticism was shown to mediate the relationship between Hb volume and PIU tendency, offering valuable insight into the complexities of this interaction.
SOCS1 protects acute myeloid leukemia against allogeneic T cell-mediated cytotoxicity
Authors: Tin Enoch , Rutella Sergio , Khatri Ismat , Na Yoosu , Yan Yongran , MacLean Neil , Vadakekolathu Jayakumar , Minden Mark D. , Schimmer Aaron D. , Lee JongBok , Zhang Li 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Despite the curative potential of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), its efficacy is limited by intrinsic resistance of cancer cells to donor-derived T-cell cytotoxicity. Using a genome-wide CRISPR screen, we identified the SOCS1-JAK1-STAT1 pathway as a mediator of AML susceptibility to T cells. SOCS1 knockdown in AML cells sensitized them to killing by allogeneic T cells, whereas SOCS1 overexpression in AML cells induced resistance to T-cell anti-leukemic activity. Mechanistically, SOCS1 protected AML cells from T-cell killing by antagonizing IFNγ-JAK1-induced ICAM-1 expression. Furthermore, primary AML cells with lower SOCS1 expression correlated with better overall survival in patients, especially those with a lower exhausted CD8+ T-cell score. Thus, this study reveals SOCS1 and its downstream mediators as a potential targetable pathway to enhance T cell-based immunotherapy for AML.
Association between periodontitis and carotid atherosclerosis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ye Fangfei , Chen Min , Zhou Qun 
Published: February 2025

Introduction Current studies on the relationship between periodontitis and carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) remain inconclusive. This updated meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the relevant observational studies to drive a definite conclusion.
Methods Four major databases were searched for observational studies regarding the relationship between periodontitis and CAS published up to 14 December 2023. Software STATA 14.0 was used to calculate pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) in random effects model.
Results	Twenty-six articles were finally included. Periodontitis was significantly associated with CAS (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.64 – 2.36; p = 0.000)，however, statistical heterogeneity among studies. Sensitivity analysis indicated our results were robust. Although publication bias was observed, odds ratio corrected by the trim-and-fill method was still increased (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.06 – 1.58; p = 0.000).
Conclusion The findings revealed a significant association between periodontitis and CAS. However, long-term randomized controlled trials should be conducted to identify the causality.
Abnormal functional connectivity in the frontal hub regions of patients with primary insomnia: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Wang Zhongyan , Qian Haiyan , Shen Mi , Huo Jianwei , Dai Na , Fu Qingnan , Sui BinBin 
Published: February 2025

Background Primary insomnia (PI) is one of the most common sleep disorders. Diagnosis of insomnia is mainly based on subjective sleep difficulties, and it is still necessary to find objective neurobiological markers. Purpose To investigate the functional connectivity (FC) of frontal hub regions important for PI. Material and Methods We enrolled 20 patients (5 men, 15 women) with PI and 20 controls (5 men, 15 women), matching age, sex. We used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) to analyze the abnormal changes of FC in the frontal lobe of PI patients. Results Compared to controls, abnormal FC regions were mainly concentrated in the superior frontal gyrus (L/R), middle frontal gyrus (L/R), and inferior frontal gyrus (L) of the orbital region and the inferior frontal gyrus of the opercular region (L) ( P < 0.05). The VMHC results showed abnormal FC in the middle frontal gyrus of the orbital region (GFR correction, voxel P < 0.01, cluster P < 0.025) in PI patients. The FC between the orbitofrontal gyrus and the inferior frontal gyrus of the opercular region with the frontal gyrus of the medial orbital region demonstrated a significant correlation with the clinical scale ( p < 0.05). Conclusion Our study identified abnormal FC, which was mainly located in the orbitofrontal gyrus and the inferior frontal gyrus of the opercular region, in the frontal lobe of patients with insomnia using resting-state fMRI. This is helpful to understand the abnormal neural activity mechanism of insomnia in the frontal lobe and provide a relatively accurate brain region basis for future prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
Outcomes of Open Arthrotomy and Arthroscopic Surgery for Primary Synovial Chondromatosis of the Hip: A Comparative Study With Propensity Score Matching
Authors: Soul Kim Han , Ok Cha Hyeong , Chang Jae Suk , Kim Ji Wan , Kim Chul-Ho 
Published: February 2025

Background: Despite the widespread use of arthroscopic surgery for hip synovial chondromatosis, its postoperative outcomes remain uncertain. A head-to-head comparison between open arthrotomy and arthroscopic surgery is lacking. Purpose: To compare the treatment outcomes of open arthrotomy, particularly with surgical dislocation, and arthroscopic surgery for hip synovial chondromatosis. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: All patients who were surgically treated for symptomatic synovial chondromatosis in a tertiary university referral hospital between April 1996 and February 2023 were investigated via 1:1 propensity score matching to compare open arthrotomy and arthroscopic surgery. The primary outcome was chondromatosis recurrence. Secondary outcomes were patient-reported outcome scores, reoperations, and complications. Results: A total of 73 patients were enrolled, and after matching, 28 patients in each group were investigated. The mean age and mean follow-up period were 40.5 ± 13.7 years and 4.0 ± 3.1 years, respectively. Clinical and radiological recurrence rates did not differ between groups (clinical recurrence: 7.1% for open arthrotomy vs 25.0% for arthroscopic surgery [ P = .143]; radiological recurrence: 14.3% for open arthrotomy vs 32.1% for arthroscopic surgery [ P = .205]). However, all patient-reported outcomes at final follow-up were in favor of open arthrotomy compared with arthroscopic surgery (visual analog scale for pain: 1.6 for open arthrotomy vs 3.1 for arthroscopic surgery [ P = .002]; quality of life scale: 80.4 for open arthrotomy vs 65.4 for arthroscopic surgery [ P < .001]; and modified Harris Hip Score: 84.4 for open arthrotomy vs 75.9 for arthroscopic surgery [ P = .001]). The symptom dissatisfaction rate at final follow-up was significantly higher with arthroscopic surgery than with open arthrotomy (35.7% vs 7.1%, respectively; P = .020). There was no difference in reoperation and complication rates between the 2 groups. Conclusion: For treating primary synovial chondromatosis, particularly when it is distributed across both the central and peripheral zones, arthroscopic surgery should be chosen with caution, and open arthrotomy with surgical dislocation should be actively considered.
Patient tolerance during rigid cystoscopy: An observational study comparing lignocaine hydrochloride gel and tramadol with lignocaine
Authors: Ranjan Kumar Rajiv , Vishnu Sankar Kuryappilly Venugopal , Sarkar Debansu , Pal Dilip Kumar 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: In the field of urology, cystoscopy is one of the most common operations. A rigid cystoscope was used for each cystoscopy in this investigation. Given its dual function as a lubricant and local anesthetic, topical lignocaine gel is the most often utilized agent. However, there is currently no established protocol that evaluates the patient’s tolerance to lignocaine gel alone or in conjunction with tramadol throughout the treatment. Materials and methods: It was a prospective comparative observational study with 200 male participants, conducted at the department of urology, a tertiary care hospital. Male patients who came for rigid cystoscopy were divided into 2 groups. In Group A ( n = 100) 10 ml 2% lignocaine gel and in group B ( n = 100) 1 ml tramadol (50 mg) solution added to +10 ml 2% lignocaine gel and it was instilled transurethrally 10 min before the procedure respectively in both groups at room temperature. The patient’s tolerance during the procedure was assessed using Visual Analog Score (VAS) score. Results: In Group A and Group B there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age ( p = 0.393). There was a significant difference in terms of VAS score ( p = < 0.001), with the median Score being lower in the Lignocaine gel + tramadol group and higher when lignocaine gel + tramadol used among patients with Diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: The instillation of lignocaine gel in conjunction with tramadol in urethra could decrease pain perception during the procedure except in people with diabetes mellitus, hence make men undergoing rigid cystoscopy more comfortable during the procedure there by increase diagnostic and therapeutic outcome.