bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Executive Functions, Moral Decision Making and Social Cognition
Authors: Yilmaz Ilkay , Yildirim Erol 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
Sleep is a vital need for human life, and sleep deprivation is a common problem that can have serious consequences. Although the effects of acute sleep deprivation have been frequently reported in the literature, the effects of long-term sleep deprivation have not been well explained. This study investigated the effects of long-term sleep deprivation on executive functions, moral decision making, and social cognition.
Method
The study involved 85 participants who were between the ages of 20 and 40 and who has not any psychiatric or neurological disorders. The test performance averages of the groups with and without sleep problems were compared.
Results
The results showed that there was no significant difference in the performance of the two groups on any of the tests.
Conclusions
The results suggest that long-term sleep deprivation does not have a significant impact on executive functions, moral decision making and social cognition. These results are inconsistent with previous research that has shown that acute sleep deprivation can have a negative impact on these cognitive abilities. However, it is important to note that this study was relatively small, and participants are mostly university student. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
Source and Distribution of Heavy Metals in Sediment Samples from Select Creeks of the Highly Urbanized Metro Vancouver Watersheds, Canada
Authors: Gampson Enoch , Dodd Matt , d'Entremont Marc V 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Forty-seven samples collected from 23 creeks in Metro Vancouver, BC, Canada were analyzed to assess how different land use activities affect physicochemical properties in surface water and metal concentrations in sediments. The pH, total dissolved solids (TDS) and electrical conductivity (EC) in surface water samples ranged from 5.50 to 8.27, 14.0 to 410.0 ppm, and 19.0 to 903.0 µS/cm, respectively, with no discernible relationship between the surrounding land use and the parameters. However, land use influenced metal concentrations in the sediments with As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ag, and Zn at some locations exceeding the Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs). The enrichment factor (EF) value, geo-accumulation index (Igeo), pollution load index (PLI) and concentration factor (CF) indicates most of the sediments are highly contaminated. The geo-accumulation index showed the study area contained extremely contaminated sediment and >64-fold increase due to high levels of Ba, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn. The calculated contamination factors are found to fall in the following sequences: Cd>Ag>As>Pb>Zn>Mn>Cu>Ba>Cr>Ni>V>Fe>Hg in the study area. Creeks closer to highways with heavy vehicular activities reported significantly higher concentrations of metals. Principal component and cluster analyses revealed anthropogenic and natural processes enrich the sediments with metals. It is therefore important to put measures in place to curb increase in metal concentrations in creek sediments.
Rapid Genome Sequencing Shows Diagnostic Utility In Infants With Congenital Heart Defects
Authors: Durbin Matthew D. , Helvaty Lindsey R. , Posorske Alyx , Zhang Samuel , Huang Manyan , Li Ming , Abreu Daniel , Fairman Korre , Geddes Gabrielle C. , Helm Benjamin M. , Landis Benjamin J. , McEntire Alexis , Mitchell Dana K. , Ware Stephanie M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect and a leading cause of infant mortality. CHD often has a genetic etiology and recent studies demonstrate utility in genetic testing. In clinical practice, decisions around genetic testing choices continue to evolve, and the incorporation of rapid genome sequencing (rGS) in CHD has not been well studied. Though smaller studies demonstrate the value of rGS, they also highlight the burden of results interpretation. We analyze genetic testing in CHD at two time-points, in 2018 and 2022–2023, across a change in clinical testing guidelines from chromosome microarray (CMA) to rGS. Analysis of 421 hospitalized infants with CHD demonstrated consistent genetic testing across time. Overall, after incorporation of rGS in 2022–2023, the diagnostic yield was 6.8% higher compared to 2018, and this pattern was consistent across all patient subtypes analyzed. In 2018, CMA was the most common test performed, with diagnostic results for CHD in 14.3%, while in 2022–2023, rGS was the most frequent test performed, with results diagnostic for CHD in 16.9%. Additionally, rGS identified 44% more unique genetic diagnoses than CMA. This is the largest study to highlight the value of rGS in CHD and has important implications for management.
Automatic summarization model based on clustering algorithm
Authors: Dai Wenzhuo , He Qing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Extractive document summary (EDS) is usually seen as a sequence labeling task, which the summary is formulated by sentences from the original document. However, the selected sentences usually are high redundancy in semantic space, so that the composed summary are high semantic redundancy. To alleviate this problem, we propose a model to reduce the semantic redundancy of summary by introducing the cluster algorithm in semantic space. We evaluate our model and perform significance testing on the CNN/DailyMail datasets compare with baselines.
Fhl2 deteriorates the progression in IL-1β-induced chondrocyte-like ATDC5 cells through the inhibition of mTOR and NF-ĸB signaling pathways
Authors: Li Yicheng , Wang Fei , Ji Baochao , Amat Abdusami , Cao Li 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: The role of nuclear translocation in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA)has received increased attention in recent years, and extensive research has shown that Fhl2 functions as a nuclear transmitter by interacting with other nuclear transcription factors.We aimed to determine the role of Fhl2 in the cell model of osteoarthritis.
Methods: OA cartilage model was established by chondrocyte-like ATDC5 cells induced by 1% insulin-transferrin-selenium and then treated with interleukin-1β (IL-1β, 10ng/ml). Lentivirus transfection was employed to suppress the expression of Fhl2. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry wereused to examine nuclear transcription and apoptosis, respectively. Western blotting was performed to analyze the expression of metabolism-related proteins, autophagy-related proteins, apoptosis-related proteins, NF-ĸB pathway-related proteins, and mTOR pathway-related proteins.
Results: The elevated expression of Fhl2 occurred in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Knockdown of Fhl2 could inhibit IL-1β-induced phosphorylation of NF-ĸB and stabilize the extracellular matrix (ECM) by decreasing MMP-3 and MMP-13 expression, to suppress type 2 collagen degradation in chondrocyte-like ATDC5 cells. Meanwhile, the knockdown of Fhl2-activated autophagy in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes, characterized by an increased LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and Beclin-1. The downregulation of Fhl2 inhibited IL-1β-induced apoptosis by suppressing the expression of BAX and caspase-3, as well as enhancing BCL-2 protein levels. The mechanism may be related to the phosphorylation of AKT and the decreased expression of p-NF-ĸB.
Conclusions: Fhl2 knockdown activated autophagy while suppressing inflammation, apoptosis, and ECM degradation. The mechanism behind these processes may be associated with the inhibition of mTOR and NF-ĸB signaling pathways.
Rare Fundus Lesions in Patients after SARS-Cov-2 Infection: A Multicenter and Multimodal Imaging Study
Authors: An Guangqi , Lei Bo , Wang Zhili , Yang Kaizhuan , Fan Dongsheng , Li Bing , Fu Ke , Fang Haixin , Zhang Min , Li Lin , Zhao Yu , Jin Xuemin , Du Liping 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To define the characteristics of fundus manifestations in patients after SARS-Cov-2 infection with multimodal imaging techniques.
Methods
This is a retrospective multicenter and multimodal imaging study including 90 patients. All patients with a visual complaint occurring immediately after SARS-Cov-2 infection were referred to six clinics between December 2022 and February 2023. Demographic information and the temporal relationship between SARS-Cov-2 infection and visual symptoms were documented. The characteristics of the fundus lesions were evaluated using multimodal imaging.
Results
Ninety patients from six hospitals were enrolled in this study, including 24 males (26.67%) and 66 (73.33%) females. Seventy-eight patients (86.66%) (146 eyes) were diagnosed with AMN. The AMN patients were primarily young women (67.95%). Sixty-eight patients (87.18%) had AMN in both eyes. Thirty-eight eyes (24.36%) included Purtscher or Purtscher-like lesions. optical coherence tomography and infrared retinal photographs can show AMN lesions well. Eleven cases were diagnosed with simple Purtscher or Purtscher-like retinopathy (2 cases, 2.22%), VKH or VKH-like uveitis (3 cases, 3.33%), MEWDS (2 cases, 2.22%), and ROCM (5 cases, 5.56%).
Conclusions
After SARS-Cov-2 infection, diversified fundus lesions were evident in patients with visual complaints. In this report, AMN was the dominant manifestation, followed by Purtscher or Purtscher-like retinopathy, MEWDS, VKH-like uveitis, and ROCM.
WITHDRAWN: Wavelength selection algorithm for near-infrared spectra of volatile organic gases based on wave-cluster interval
Authors: Yue Yan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

A novel wavelength selection algorithm, based on Wave Cluster Interval (WBIS), for near-infrared spectroscopy in the detection of volatile organic gases is presented. The algorithm employs a series selection mode, utilizing characteristic wavelength point cluster classification and absorption peak interval screening. Initially, cluster clustering is performed to preserve significant absorption peak features while avoiding mechanical division or random uncertain point changes in the algorithm. Subsequently, an improved moving window method is devised, and a greedy algorithm is employed to re-screen wavelength points within the same cluster class. This process ensures the retention of the optimal wavelength range, crucial for representing spectral characteristics and facilitating subsequent model predictions. Experimental validation was conducted using near-infrared spectral data of styrene, para-xylene, and o-xylene, employing four models: Partial Least Squares (PLS), Ridge Regression (RR), Support Vector Machine (SVM). The results demonstrate that, while maintaining model accuracy, the dataset can be reduced to 43.71%-36.35% of its original size. Additionally, utilizing a dataset comprising three gases (two concentrations each), as well as fully arranged and combined mixed gases, we conducted comparative experiments on three different CNN structures. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in reducing machine learning model complexity while ensuring prediction accuracy was validated through experimental comparisons before and after spectral waveform selection, with the CNN prediction models demonstrating a 90% increase in operational efficiency post-wavelength selection.
Comprehensive Assessment of PCM Integrated Roof for Passive Building Design: A Study in Energo-Economics
Authors: PEERZADA JAFFAR ABASS , Subramaniyan Muthulingam 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
There has been a notable surge in energy demand within the building sector of developing nations, particularly in the context of space cooling and heating, which constitute significant portions of energy consumption. The thermal performance of a building's roof slab plays a crucial role in determining these heating and cooling requirements. To address this, the utilization of Phase Change Material (PCM) to enhance the building's thermal energy storage capacity has emerged as an innovative strategy for reducing energy demand. This study assesses the thermal behavior of a building envelope integrated with macroencapsulated PCM in a real subtropical environment. Experimental setups include both a conventional slab unit (Ref–SU) devoid of PCM and a PCM (OM37) integrated slab unit (Exp–SU). Analysis entails examining variations in temperature, heat flow, thermal loadings, and maximum heat gain reduction. Economic metrics, such as electricity savings, simple payback periods, and CO2 emissions savings, are also scrutinized. The investigation aims to elucidate the efficacy and underlying parameters governing the PCM's performance in reducing thermal loads in the Indian city of Rupnagar. Findings indicate that the Exp–SU configuration reduces indoor temperatures by 4.0°C during sunny hours, resulting in 33.33% more electricity savings for space cooling compared to heating, with a simple payback period of 5.7 years. Additionally, the heat flux in Exp–SU is reduced by 60.6% compared to Ref–SU and thermal load by up to 49.8%. Furthermore, Exp–SU achieves a 44.24% reduction in CO2 emissions for space cooling compared to heating with a maximum heat gain reduction of 40.3%.
The verification of the utility of a commercially available phantom combination for quality control in contrast-enhanced mammography
Authors: Kim Jung-Ha , Kessell Meredith , Taylor Donna , Hill Melissa , Burrage John 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) is being increasingly implemented clinically, providing much improved contrast between tumour and background structures, particularly in dense breasts. Although CEM is similar to conventional mammography it differs via an additional exposure with high energy X-rays (≥ 40 kVp) and subsequent image subtraction. Because of its special operational aspects, the CEM aspect of a CEM unit needs to be uniquely characterised and evaluated. This study aims to verify the utility of a commercially available phantom set (BR3D model 020 and CESM model 022 phantoms (CIRS, Norfolk, Virginia, USA)) in performing key CEM performance tests (linearity of system response with iodine concentration and background subtraction) on two models of CEM units in a clinical setting. The tests were successfully performed, yielding results similar to previously published studies. Further, similarities and differences in the two systems from different vendors were highlighted, knowledge of which may potentially facilitate optimisation of the systems.
TIPS Creation with Viatorr Stent-grafts for Variceal Hemorrhage: a Cohort Study in China
Authors: liu yuzhou , Sun Lin , zhou chuang , Xiang Hua 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the effectiveness and safety of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) insertion for the management of variceal hemorrhage in Chinese Viatorr era.
Methods
114 consecutive TIPS patients with variceal hemorrhage were included. Viatorr endoprostheses were used in all patients. The cumulative rates of variceal rebleeding, overall survival, shunt dysfunctions and overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE) were calculated by GraphPad Prism 9.5 (GraphPad Software Inc., San Diego, CA, USA).
Results
The overall survival rates at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years were 90.4%, 83.3%, 75.6%, and 69.2%, respectively. Variceal rebleeding rates increased over time, with rates of 9.1% at 1 year, 14.1% at 2 years, 17.9% at 3 years, and 25% at 4 years. Shunt dysfunctions showed a cumulative rate of 4.6% at 1 year, 8.5% at 2 years, 13.3% at 3 years, and 20.4% at 4 years and the risk of overt HE showed a cumulative rates of 14.2%, 17.9%, 23%, and 24.6% at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years, respectively.
Conclusion
TIPS using Viatorr stents is a beneficial approach for recurrent variceal bleeding. Yet the long-term complications including OHE development, stent dysfunctions, and rebleeding remain a main concern of physicians. It is valuable to consider these complications and inform TIPS candidates prior to the procedures.
Enhancing Trench Stability: A Geogrid Reinforcement Approach
Authors: Poursorkhabi Ramin Vafaei , Rostami Sonia , Naseri Alireza 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates trench stabilization using geogrid reinforcement, employing static analysis via the finite element numerical method through PLAXIS 2D. Focusing on the challenges associated with soil instability in construction projects, particularly earthen roofs and rocky formations, the study emphasizes the potential for structural compromise and fragmentation due to erosion and weathering. Geogrid polymer networks, strategically integrated with soil and stone, emerge as a preventive measure against such disasters. Notable advancements in geogrid-related research are surveyed, establishing the context for this study. The methodology encompasses a simulated trench environment, systematically reinforced with geogrid in 10 layers, within an 8×35-meter earthen area. The properties of soil materials and geogrid specifications are detailed, while standard boundary conditions emulate real-world scenarios. Fine meshing ensures result accuracy, and trench width reduction analysis reveals a crucial correlation between diminished dimensions, augmented displacement, and decreased safety factor. The results highlight a heightened instability within the trench as it undergoes dimensional changes. The decrease in trench length directly correlates with a reduction in safety factor, underscoring the risk of compromised structural integrity. Reducing the length of the trench from 15 meters to 14 meters is associated with an approximate 1% increase in displacement, concurrently accompanied by a 9% decrease in volume. This insight emphasizes the need for meticulous trench dimension considerations in construction practices. The findings contribute to the geotechnical engineering field, prompting a reevaluation of design methodologies and offering empirical evidence for the development of robust guidelines in trenching projects.
High Expression of Kynurenine Pathway Markers in Glioblastoma: Prognostic Relevance
Authors: Jacquerie Arnaud , Hoeben Ann , Eekers Daniëlle BP , Postma Alida A. , Vanmechelen Maxime , de Smet Frederik , Ackermans Linda , Anten Monique , Severens Kim , Hausen Axel zur , Broen Martijn , Beckervordersandforth Jan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Glioblastoma (GBM) continues to exhibit a discouraging survival rate despite massive efforts to improve therapeutic outcomes. Among other factors, an immunosuppressive microenvironment contributes to this treatment resistance. Notably, the kynurenine pathway (KP) has emerged as a potent regulator of the tumour immune environment in glioblastoma. Our study aimed to investigate the influence of the kynurenine pathway on the survival of newly diagnosed GBM patients.
Methods
GBM tissues of 108 patients were assessed for the expression of key kynurenine pathway markers by immunohistochemistry: tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1/2) and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). For each individual patient, three tumour cores were used and the expression levels of KP markers were scored by using QuPath. Kaplan-Meier and stepwise multivariate Cox-Regression analyses were used to assess the impact of these KP markers on survival.
Results
Patients with high concomitant expression of TDO2, IDO1/2, and AhR had a shorter survival than patients with low KP marker expression. This remained significant even in multivariate analyses (IDO1 HR = 3.393, 95%CI: 1.707–6.748, P < .001; IDO2 HR = 2.775, 95%CI: 1.504–5.119, P = .001; TDO2: HR = 1.891, 95%CI: 1.105–3.236, P = .020; AhR HR = 1.902, 95%CI: 1.160–3.119, P = .011).
Conclusion
High expression of concomitant KP markers is of significant negative independent prognostic value for GBM patient survival probably due to their immunosuppressive properties. KP markers might be used for patient stratification for treatment purposes with respect to potential future immunomodulating trials.
Compassionate use of cefiderocol in a complex case of extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii fracture-related infection: a comprehensive approach and multidisciplinary management
Authors: Flavia Petrucci , Beatrice Perciballi , Marco Rivano Capparuccia , Giancarlo Iaiani , Federico Lo Torto , Diego Ribuffo , Stefano Gumina , Daniele De Meo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Fracture-related infections (FRI) pose a difficult management problem, as they require numerous surgical interventions and extended antibiotic treatments, especially when a multidrug-resistant organism is involved, with a paucity of available literature that provides guidance.
Results
A 42-year-old male presents an open diaphyseal tibia and fibula fracture, complicated by soft tissue necrosis and infections caused by extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (XDR-Ab). Initially treated with a damage control external fixator, the patient underwent multiple surgical procedures, including radical debridement, negative pressure wound therapy, external fixator revisions and reconstructive surgery using a latissimus dorsi free flap. The emergence of colistin resistance in the Acinetobacter baumannii strain led to the compassionate use of cefiderocol, finally achieving clinical cure.
Conclusions
This case report is one of the firsts that highlights the potential efficacy of cefiderocol in treating challenging bone and joint infections sustained by XDR-Ab. The successful outcome also emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach in achieving favorable results in complex FRI.
Potential toxic heavy metals in rhizosphere soils and crops under a black shale high geological background: pollution characteristics, ditribution, and risk assessment
Authors: Chen Luyuan , Ren Bozhi , Deng Xinping , Yin Wei , Xie Qing , Cai Zhaoqi , Zou Hao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Lou-Shao Basin in Hunan Province, as a high geological background area, contains two sets of black rock series rich in various potential toxic heavy metal elements. These rock series are rich in various potential toxic heavy metal elements such as cadmium, lead, zinc, copper, vanadium, nickel, etc. This paper selects the soil and crops in the core arable land area under high geological background as the research object and analyzes the current status of heavy metal element pollution in non-rhizosphere soil, rhizosphere soil, and major crops. The research results show that due to the weathering of black shale into soil, the content of heavy metal elements (such as Cd, Ni, Cu, As, Hg, Pb, and Mn) is significantly higher, exceeding the background values of elements in Hunan, making it a typical high geological background area. The Igeo level of the heavy metal element chromium (Cr) is relatively high in all crops (maize Igeo=6.71), indicating serious pollution. The pollution situation of other elements varies with different crops, consistent with the Pollution Load Index (PLI) results. The spatial distribution of heavy metal pollution in crops shows a strong spatial pattern, with high-value areas concentrated in the southeastern region. The ecological risk of each element in soil samples is Cr > Mn > Cd > As > Se, while in crop samples it is Se > Cd > Cr > As > Pb > Hg. Human health risk assessment indicates that humans may be exposed to these heavy metals through skin contact and food chain intake. The hazard index (HI value) of the heavy metal element Cd is greater than 1, and the potential carcinogenicity of Cd may lead to related diseases such as kidney stones, posing a higher risk to children.