bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological vulnerability differences in students—Carriers or not of the serotonin transporter promoter allele S: Effect of adverse experiences
Authors: Veletza Stavroula , Samakouri Maria , Emmanouil George , Trypsianis Gregory , Kourmouli Niki , Livaditis Miltiadis 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAim:To study the effect of the serotonin transporting gene L/S polymorphism on several psychological characteristics in a group of Greek University students.Methods:One hundred eighty‐one students were genotyped and classified into two groups: carriers or noncarriers of an S allele. Students were evaluated with a battery of psychological tests (Zung depression rating scale, symptoms check‐list‐90‐R, Eysenck personality inventory); they also answered questionnaires regarding serious past adverse experiences as well as nicotine and alcohol use. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to check the main effect of genotype and its interaction with both adverse life experiences and scores of psychological tests.Results:No significant differences were detected between the two groups of students regarding scores of the psychological tests. Yet, analysis with MANOVA indicated an interaction between genotype and adversities (λ = 0.838, F17,158 = 1.802, P = 0.032). Students who both carry at least one S allele and have faced serious past adverse life experiences have scored higher than carriers of the S allele who have not faced adversities on the following: global severity index (F1174 = 5.973, P = 0.016), positive symptoms distress index (F1174 = 4.518, P = 0.035), somatization (F1174 = 4.074, P = 0.045), depression (F1174 = 4.971, P = 0.027), anxiety (F1174 = 8.112, P = 0.005), phobic anxiety (F1174 = 16.421, P < 0.000), and paranoid ideation (F1174 = 5.143, P = 0.025). Among students without adversities, those with the LL genotype have scored higher than S allele carriers on the following: depression (t = 2.680, df = 75, P = 0.009), anxiety (t = 2.629, df = 75, P = 0.010), phobic anxiety (t = 3.350, df = 75, P = 0.001), and paranoid ideation (t = 2.668, df = 75, P = 0.009).Conclusion:The S and L alleles seem to interact differently with serious past life adversities in influencing psychological vulnerability. Adversities seem to have a stronger effect on S carriers. LL genotype might be related to the expression of certain more endogenous psychopathological tendencies. Synapse 63:193–200, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical and genetic study of a novel mutation in the REEP1 gene
Authors: Liu Shi Guo , Che Feng Yuan , Heng Xue Yuan , Li Fei Feng , Huang Shang Zhi , Lu De Guo , Hou Su Jun , Liu Shi En , Wang Qiang , Wang Hai Ping , Ma Xu 
Published: December 2008

AbstractObjective:To examine the gene mutation associated with clinical phenotype from a Chinese kindred with autosomal dominant hereditary spastic paraplegia (ADHSP).Method:To perform linkage analysis and mutation detection. For two affected individual of the family, clinical analysis, electrophysiological examination, and MRI of brain and spinal cord were also performed.Result:A novel splice‐site mutation (REEP1 c417+1g>a) was identified. Central motor conduction time to the first metatarsal interosseus and anterior tibial muscles were clearly prolonged. Thoracic cord atrophy was found from T1 to T10.Conclusion:Our study supports that mutations in REEP1 cause ADHSP and demonstrates genetic heterogeneity in ADHSP. Synapse 63:201–205, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Risk matrix input data biases
Authors: Smith Eric D. , Siefert William T. , Drain David 
Published: December 2008

AbstractRisk matrices used in industry characterize particular risks in terms of the likelihood of occurreRisk matrix input data biaseshe actualized risk. Human cognitive bias research led by Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky exposed systematic translations of objective probability and value as judged by human subjects. Applying these translations to the risk matrix allows the formation of statistical hypotheses of risk point placement biases. Industry‐generated risk matrix data reveals evidence of biases in the judgment of likelihood and consequence—principally, likelihood centering, a systematic increase in consequence, and a diagonal bias. Statistical analyses are conducted with linear regression, normal distribution fitting, and Bayesian analysis. Evidence presented could improve risk matrix based risk analysis prevalent in industry. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng
Obstacles to the flow of requirements verification
Authors: Marchant Alan B. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe process of developing technical requirements and subsequently documenting adherence to those requirements is a primary task for Systems Engineering. Disciplined validation and verification of requirements helps assure that the product system will be successful as designed and gives the program a fighting chance to achieve its goals. But commitment and adherence to a process of thorough validation and verification is not always sufficient. Unforeseen technical constraints and logical inconsistencies often spring up at the last minute to block requirements verification for complex systems. By recognizing weaknesses in the structure and definition of requirements that are likely to interfere with the verification flow, the systems engineer can create a more manageable hierarchy of requirements and more effectively redirect the verification process when difficulties arise. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng
On‐farm evaluation of methods for storing fresh sweet potato roots in East Africa
Authors: Tomlins K , Ndunguru G , Kimenya F , Ngendello T , Rwiza E , Amour R , van Oirschot Q , Westby A 
Published: December 2008

AbstractMethods for sweet potato storage, previously developed at a research station, were tested on‐farm by subsistence farmers in Lake Zone, Tanzania. On‐farm testing confirmed that the methods were suitable but indicated that practical and simple improvements were necessary, without which losses in the proportion of market‐quality roots from the store could be as high as 79%. These practical improvements were mainly concerned with the position of stores on the farms. The addition of a new step, dehaulming, improved the recovery of market‐quality roots by 48%. However, although the storage methods were developed in order to improve farmer income, most farmers said they would use the stored roots as a subsistence staple for household food security. Variations among the farmers in their attitudes to storing sweet potato suggest that, when transferring methods from the research station to the farm, it is necessary to target those most able to adopt the approach. Additionally, the farmers considered that local market traders may not be keen to sell stored roots. Therefore, other actors in the value chain, such as market traders and consumers, ought to be included in the process of transferring methods from the research station to the farm. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Organo Palladium(II) Complexes with PdC4 Coordination: Phenylethinyl‐ and Methylphenylethinylcomplexes
Authors: Walther Dirk , Lamm Katja , Görls Helmar 
Published: December 2008

AbstractTetrakis(p‐tolyl)oxalamidinato‐bis[acetylacetonatopalladium(II)] ([Pd2(acac)2(oxam)]) reacted with Li–C≡C–C6H5 in THF with formation of [Pd(C≡C–C6H5)4Li2(thf)4] (1a). Reaction of [Pd2(acac)2(oxam)] with a mixture of 6 equiv. Li–C≡C–C6H5 and 2 equiv. LiCH3 resulted in the formation of [Pd(CH3)(C≡C–C6H5)3Li2(thf)4] (2), and the dimeric complex [Pd2(CH3)4(C≡C–C6H5)4Li4(thf)6] (3) was isolated upon reaction of [Pd2(acac)2(oxam)] with a mixture of 4 equiv. Li–C≡C–C6H5 and 4 equiv. LiCH3. 1–3 are extremely reactive compounds, which were isolated as white needles in good yields (60–90%). They were fully characterized by IR, 1H‐, 13C‐, 7Li‐NMR spectroscopy, and by X‐ray crystallography of single crystals. In these compounds Li ions are bonded to the two carbon atoms of the alkinyl ligand. 1a reacted with Pd(PPh3)4 in the presence of oxygen to form the already known complexes trans‐[Pd(C≡C–C6H5)2(PPh3)2] and [Pd(η2‐O2)(PPh3)2]. In addition, 1a is an active catalyst for the Heck coupling reaction, but less active in the catalytic Sonogashira reaction.
Hydrogen Cyanide Exchange on [Al(HCN)6]3+ – A DFT Study
Authors: Puchta Ralph , Alzoubi Basam M. , van Eldik Rudi 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe hydrogen cyanide exchange mechanism of [Al(HCN)6]3+ has been investigated by DFT calculations (B3LYP/6‐311+G**). The calculations provide theoretical evidence that the hydrogen cyanide exchange proceeds via a limiting dissociative (D) mechanism involving a stable five‐coordinate intermediate [Al(HCN)5·(HCN)2]3+. The activation energy for the D‐mechanism is 23.4 kcal·mol–1, which is 2.8 kcal·mol–1 lower than for the seven‐coordinate transition state [Al(HCN)7]3+‡ for the alternative associative (A) pathway. The difference in stability between the two intermediates [Al(HCN)5·(HCN)2]3+ (12.1 kcal·mol–1) and [Al(HCN)7]3+ (25.7 kcal·mol–1) in comparison to [Al(HCN)6·(HCN)]3+ is much more pronounced and further supports a limiting dissociative mechanism.
Crystal Structure and Magnetic Characteristics of a New 3‐Methylisoquinolinium Tetrachloridoferrate(III)
Authors: Wyrzykowski Dariusz , Sikorski Artur , Kłak Julia , Mroziński Jerzy , Styczeń Emilia , Warnke Zygmund 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe crystal structure of a new 3‐methylisoquinolinium[3‐Me(IsoQH)] salt, [3‐Me(IsoQH)][FeCl4], was determined. The iron cation is tetracoordinated by chlorine anions, and it adopts a slightly distorted tetrahedral coordination. In the crystal structure, there are π···π stacking interactions between the 3‐methylisoquinolinium cations in an ABAB infinite arrangement, N–H···Cl hydrogen bonds, and C–H···Cl intermolecular interactions. Magnetic measurements of a powdered sample were carried out. A negative Weiss constant as well as the intermolecular exchange parameter for [3‐Me(IsoQH)][FeCl4] indicate the occurrence of antiferromagnetic interactions transmitted in the crystal lattice.
Oxamido‐bridged N4 Macrocyclic Complexes CuII/MII/CuII (M = Mn, Co): Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Zhang Yan‐Hong , Deng Gui‐Ru , Wang Qing‐Lun , Zhang Rui‐Hong , Yang Fan , Yang Guang‐Ming , Liao Dai‐Zheng 
Published: December 2008

AbstractTwo new oxamido‐bridged N4 macrocyclic complexes [(CuL)2Mn(C2H5OH)2](ClO4)2·2C2H5OH (1) and [(CuL)2Co‐(C2H5OH)2](ClO4)2·2C2H5OH (2) (H2L = 2,3‐dioxo‐5,6:14,15‐di‐benzo‐7,13‐diphenyl‐1,4,8,12‐tetraazacyclo‐pentadeca‐7,13‐diene) have been synthesized and structurally characterized by X‐ray crystallographic investigations. In the two complexes, all copper(II) ions adopt a slightly distorted square‐planar configuration and the central manganese(II) and cobalt(II) ions are set in a distorted octahedral coordination sphere, connected to the other CuL fragments through exo‐cis oxamido bridges. The analyses of the magnetic properties were carried out by means of the theoretical expression of the magnetic susceptibility deduced from the spin Hamiltonian Ĥ = –2JŜ1Ŝ2, leading to J = –14.58 cm–1 for complex 1 and J = –26.95 cm–1 for complex 2, respectively.
Silver(I) Complexes with a Bulky Anthracene‐Based Dicarboxylic Ligand: Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Luminescent Properties
Authors: Liu Chun‐Sen , Wang Jun‐Jie , Chang Ze , Yan Li‐Fen , Hu Tong‐Liang 
Published: December 2008

AbstractTo explore the influence of anthracene skeleton with a larger conjugated π‐system on the structures and properties of its complexes, two AgI–carboxylate complexes based on anthracene‐9,10‐dicarboxylate (L) were synthesized and characterized: [{[Ag(L)][Ag(dmpy)2]}∞] (1) and [{[Ag2(L)(bipy)2]}∞] (2) (dmpy = 2,6‐dimethylpyridine and bipy = 4,4′‐bipyridine). Complex 1 has an interesting framework consisting of anionic chains {[Ag(L)]–}∞ and the mononuclear cationic units [Ag(dmpy)2]+, which is further assembled to form networks along the different crystallographic directions by the intermolecular C–H···Ag hydrogen‐bonding interactions. Complex 2 takes a ladder‐like chain structure by incorporating 4,4′‐bipyridine (bipy) as a bridging co‐ligand, which is further interlinked to generate a planar network through interchain Ag–Ag bonding contacts. The steric bulk of anthracene ring in L may play an important role in the formation of 1 and 2. Moreover, the luminescent properties of the 1 and 2 were investigated in detail.
Alcohol Solvates of Lanthanoid(III) Trifluoromethanesulfonates
Authors: Chan Eric J. , Harrowfield Jack M. , Robinson Ward T. , Skelton Brian W. , Sobolev Alexandre N. , White Allan H. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAfter vacuum dehydration, a number of hydrated trivalent lanthanoid trifluoromethanesulfonates (“triflate”, “OTf” = F3CSO3), when recrystallized from various alcohol (ROH) solutions, yield solvates Ln(OTf)3·xROH, x = 3, 5 or 6. The following have been defined crystallographically (R/Ln/x): Me/La/3;Me/Gd/6; Et/Sm/3; Et/Gd/5 iPr/Nd,Sm/3. The Me/Gd/6complex, Gd(OTf)3·6MeOH is a mononuclear/ionic form [(MeOH)6Gd(O–OTf)2](OTf), the gadolinium environment being octacoordinate, square‐antiprismatic with the O–OTf donors quasi‐trans on different faces of the coordination polyhedron; the Et/Gd/5 complex is neutral, molecular, mononuclear [(EtOH)5Gd(O–OTf)3], also with an octacoordinate, square‐antiprismatic coordination sphere, derivative of that of the methanol solvate. The remainder form one‐dimensional polymeric arrays, successive lanthanoid atoms linked by (μ‐O–OTf–O′)3 triads, at either end of a tricapped trigonal prismatic array, the ROH molecules contributing the capping atoms. A (“baseline”) (re‐)determination of the “parent” Sm(OTf)3·9H2O is also recorded.
Syntheses, Crystal Structure and Reactivity of Tin(II) Bis[N‐(diphenylphosphanyl)(2‐pyridylmethyl)amide]
Authors: Olbert Dirk , Kalisch Alexander , Görls Helmar , Ondik Irina Malkin , Reiher Markus , Westerhausen Matthias 
Published: December 2008

AbstractMetallation of N‐(diphenylphosphanyl)(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine with n‐butyllithium in toluene yields lithium N‐(diphenylphosphanyl)(2‐pyridylmethyl)amide (1), which crystallizes as a tetramer. Transamination of N‐(diphenylphosphanyl)(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine with an equimolar amount of Sn[N(SiMe3)2]2 leads to the formation of monomeric bis(trimethylsilyl)amido tin(II) N‐(diphenylphosphanyl)(2‐pyridylmethyl)amide (2). The addition of another equivalent of N‐(diphenylphosphanyl)(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine gives homoleptic tin(II) bis[N‐(diphenylphosphanyl)(2‐pyridylmethyl)amide] (3). In these complexes the N‐(diphenylphosphanyl)(2‐pyridylmethyl)amido groups act as bidentate bases through the nitrogen bases. At elevated temperatures HN(SiMe3)2 is liberated from bis(trimethylsilyl)amido tin(II) N‐(diphenylphosphanyl)(2‐pyridylmethyl)amide (2) yielding mononuclear tin(II) 1,2‐dipyridyl‐1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphanylamido)ethane (4) through a C–C coupling reaction. The three‐coordinate tin(II) atoms of 2 and 4 adopt trigonal pyramidal coordination spheres.
Risk Factors of Reflux Esophagitis in the Cervical Remnant Following Esophagectomy with Gastric Tube Reconstruction
Authors: Yajima Kazuhito , Kosugi Shin‐ichi , Kanda Tatsuo , Matsuki Atsushi , Hatakeyama Katsuyoshi 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBackgroundThe risk factors and suitable treatment of reflux esophagitis (RE) of the cervical remnant in patients undergoing radical esophagectomy remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors in patients with RE in the cervical remnant.MethodsWe retrospectively examined 141 consecutive patients who underwent esophagectomy and reconstruction with gastric tubing. RE was diagnosed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and graded according to the Los Angeles Classification. Statistically, 11 potential risk factors of RE were evaluated. The postoperative follow‐up time ranged from 18 to 204 months (median 60 months).ResultsAmong a total of 141 patients, 48 (34%) had RE in the cervical remnant, with 14 (29%) cases categorized as grade B, nine (19%) as grade C, and 25 (52%) as grade D. The cumulative incidence of RE in the cervical remnant was 24% at 5 years after surgery and 60% at 10 years, respectively. Pyloroplasty and bile reflux were identified as independent risk factors of RE in the cervical remnant by univariate and multivariate analyses.ConclusionsThe results of this study show a high incidence and high grade of RE in the cervical remnant after esophagectomy. Routine endoscopic examination and suitable medication is required for the control of RE in the cervical remnant together with surgical procedures to avoid bile reflux.
Temporary Closure of the Open Abdomen: A Systematic Review on Delayed Primary Fascial Closure in Patients with an Open Abdomen
Authors: Boele van Hensbroek Pieter , Wind Jan , Dijkgraaf Marcel G. W. , Busch Olivier R. C. , Carel Goslings J. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBackgroundThis study was designed to systematically review the literature to assess which temporary abdominal closure (TAC) technique is associated with the highest delayed primary fascial closure (FC) rate. In some cases of abdominal trauma or infection, edema or packing precludes fascial closure after laparotomy. This “open abdomen” must then be temporarily closed. However, the FC rate varies between techniques.MethodsThe Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases were searched until December 2007. References were checked for additional studies. Search criteria included (synonyms of) “open abdomen,” “fascial closure,” “vacuum,” “reapproximation,” and “ventral hernia.” Open abdomen was defined as “the inability to close the abdominal fascia after laparotomy.” Two reviewers independently extracted data from original articles by using a predefined checklist.ResultsThe search identified 154 abstracts of which 96 were considered relevant. No comparative studies were identified. After reading them, 51 articles, including 57 case series were included. The techniques described were vacuum‐assisted closure (VAC; 8 series), vacuum pack (15 series), artificial burr (4 series), Mesh/sheet (16 series), zipper (7 series), silo (3 series), skin closure (2 series), dynamic retention sutures (DRS), and loose packing (1 series each). The highest FC rates were seen in the artificial burr (90%), DRS (85%), and VAC (60%). The lowest mortality rates were seen in the artificial burr (17%), VAC (18%), and DRS (23%).ConclusionsThese results suggest that the artificial burr and the VAC are associated with the highest FC rates and the lowest mortality rates.
A data‐mining approach to rank candidate protein‐binding partners—The case of biogenesis of lysosome‐related organelles complex‐1 (BLOC‐1)
Authors: Rodriguez‐Fernandez I. A. , Dell'Angelica E. C. 
Published: December 2008

SummaryThe study of protein–protein interactions is a powerful approach to uncovering the molecular function of gene products associated with human disease. Protein–protein interaction data are accumulating at an unprecedented pace owing to interactomics projects, although it has been recognized that a significant fraction of these data likely represents false positives. During our studies of biogenesis of lysosome‐related organelles complex‐1 (BLOC‐1), a protein complex involved in protein trafficking and containing the products of genes mutated in Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome, we faced the problem of having too many candidate binding partners to pursue experimentally. In this work, we have explored ways of efficiently gathering high‐quality information about candidate binding partners and presenting the information in a visually friendly manner. We applied the approach to rank 70 candidate binding partners of human BLOC‐1 and 102 candidates of its counterpart from Drosophila melanogaster. The top candidate for human BLOC‐1 was the small GTPase encoded by the RAB11A gene, which is a paralogue of the Rab38 and Rab32 proteins in mammals and the lightoid gene product in flies. Interestingly, genetic analyses in D. melanogaster uncovered a synthetic sick/lethal interaction between Rab11 and lightoid. The data‐mining approach described herein can be customized to study candidate binding partners for other proteins or possibly candidates derived from other types of ‘omics’ data.
TLC and 31P‐NMR Analysis of Low Polarity Phospholipids
Authors: Vyssotski Mikhail , MacKenzie Andrew , Scott Dawn 
Published: December 2008

AbstractHigh‐performance TLC and 31P‐NMR were assessed as methods of observing the presence of numerous low polarity phospholipids: bis‐phosphatidic acid (BPA), semi‐lyso bis‐phosphatidic acid (SLBPA), N‐acyl phosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE), N‐(1,1‐dimethyl‐3‐oxo‐butyl)‐phosphatidylethanolamine (diacetone adduct of PE, DOBPE), N‐acetyl PE, phosphatidylmethanol (PM), phosphatidylethanol (PEt), phosphatidyl‐n‐propanol (PP), phosphatidyl‐n‐butanol (PB). Both techniques are non‐discriminative and do not require the prior isolation of individual lipids. It appears that 2D TLC is superior to 31P NMR in the analysis of low polarity phospholipids. All phosphatidylalcohols were well separated by 2D TLC. However, some compounds which can present difficulty in separation by 2D‐TLC (e.g., SLBPA and NAPE; or DOBPE and N‐acetyl PE) were easily distinguished using 31P NMR so the methods are complimentary. A disadvantage of 2D TLC is that Rf values can vary with different brands and batches of TLC plates. The chemical shifts of 31P NMR were less variable, and so a library of standards may not be necessary for peak identification. Another advantage of 31P NMR is the ease of quantification of phospholipids. The applicability of the methods was tested on natural extracts of fish brain and cabbage stem.