bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HaptenDB: a comprehensive database of haptens, carrier proteins and anti-hapten antibodies
Authors: Singh Mahender Kumar , Srivastava Shilpy , Raghava G.P.S. , Varshney Grish C. 
Published: January 2006

Abstract
The key requirement for successful immunochemical assay is the availability of antibodies with high specificity and desired affinity. Small molecules, when used as haptens, are not immunogenic. However, on conjugating with carrier molecule they elicit antibody response. The production of anti-hapten antibodies of desired specificity largely depends on the hapten design (preserving greatly the chemical structure and spatial conformation of target compound), selection of the appropriate carrier protein and the conjugation method. This manuscript describes a curated database HaptenDB, where information is collected from published literature and web resources. The current version of the database has 2021 entries for 1087 haptens and 25 carrier proteins, where each entry provides comprehensive details about (1) nature of the hapten, (2) 2D and 3D structures of haptens, (3) carrier proteins, (4) coupling method, (5) method of anti-hapten antibody production, (6) assay method (used for characterization) and (7) specificities of antibodies. The current version of HaptenDB covers a wide array of haptens including pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, drugs, vitamins, steroids, hormones, toxins, dyes, explosives, etc. It provides internal and external links to various databases/resources to obtain further information about the nature of haptens, carriers and respective antibodies. For structure similarity comparison of haptens, the database also integrates tools like JME Editor and JMOL for sketching, displaying and manipulating hapten 2D/3D structures online. So the database would be of great help in identifying functional group(s) in smaller molecules using antibodies as well as for the development of immunodiagnostics/therapeutics by providing data and procedures available so far for the generation of specific or cross-reactive antibodies.
Availability: HaptenDB is available on and (Mirror site).
Contact: grish@imtech.res.in
The Rebellious Body as Parody:
Baise-moi
by Virginie Despentes
Authors: Fayard Nicole 
Published: January 2006

Abstract

When her debut novel
Baise-moi
was published in 1993, Virginie Despentes was hailed as the pioneer of a new genre of feminist literature. The boldness of the novel's plot, its angry depiction of female sexual pleasure and gratuitous violence, and its explicit criticism of contemporary Western society have earned this ambiguous work a reputation for subversion. This article argues that the novel's apparent subversiveness and its popular success are the result of Despentes's parodic reworking of the conventions of the noir thriller, and in particular of her critical revisiting of the topos of the
femme fatale
. Reappropriating and challenging traditional canons and representations,
Baise-moi
attacks phallocentrism through the exploration of female pleasure and the intervention of the female body. The text thus becomes highly disturbing and critical of the structures that contain women's autonomy. It also explores ideas that remain central to contemporary feminism with regard to women's sexual identity; remaining taboos about the body; the relationship between women and the sexual industry, and sexual oppression. Helping to release women's bodies from existing representations and to question categories,
Baise-moi
might indeed reclaim a voice for women.
Dessins et écriture dans le manuscrit des
Travailleurs de la mer
de Victor Hugo
Authors: Montier Jean-Pierre 
Published: January 2006

Abstract

Le manuscrit du roman de Victor Hugo,
Les Travailleurs de la mer
, fut relié à sa demande, et il y fit insérer des dessins de son cru. Pierre Georgel les a analysés de façon remarquable. L'on se propose ici d'interoger le singulier rapport de Victor Hugo face aux composantes matérielles de I'écriture, sous le double aspect graphique et littéraire. Apparaı̂t alors une puissante ‘poétique du manuscrit’ (selon l'expression de Meschonnic), qui remet en perspective la double identité de Hugo, dessinateur et écrivain, excédant dialectiquement les limites de l'un et l'autre.
Les Logogrammes de Christian Dotremont
Authors: Aubert Nathalie 
Published: January 2006

Abstract

A l'origine de cet article, il y a la découverte des logogrammes de Christian Dotremont et leur façon singulière d'adresser les problèmes du rapport entre le texte et l'image. Sortes d'arabesques exécutées à l'encre de Chine évoquant la calligraphie orientale, elles sont accompagnées d'un texte d'une longueur variable qui en semble la ‘traduction’. Peintures-poèmes, les logogrammes n'exhibent cependant ni les signes extérieurs de la beauté (comme dans la calligraphie par exemple) ni ceux de la spontanéité (avec ses bavures et ses ratures). Ce que cet article vise à démontrer, c'est qu'ils sont lieu d'une aventure
autre
. Le texte ne ‘commente’ pas le graphisme, et le encres n'‘illustrent’ pas le texte. Texte et ‘images’, dans leurs entrelacs, assurent plutôt la circulation, l'échange des signifiants. Dans l'engagement physique que se livrent le texte et l'image, à travers le corps de Dotremont qui peint debout, c'est l'aventure de l'affrontement entre graphème et phonème qui s'exposent dans une démarche qui remet en cause les rôles assignés au signifiant et au signifié.
Increased serum thymus and activation‐regulated chemokine and cutaneous T cell‐attracting chemokine levels in children with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Song T. W. , Sohn M. H. , Kim E. S. , Kim K. W. , Kim K.‐E. 
Published: January 2006

SummaryBackground
Thymus and activation‐regulated chemokine (TARC) and cutaneous T cell‐attracting chemokine (CTACK) are responsible for the trafficking of T helper type 2 lymphocytes into sites of allergic inflammation.Objective
We tested whether these cytokines are useful markers for childhood atopic dermatitis (AD), and evaluated age‐related differences in the levels of these chemokines.Methods
Serum TARC and CTACK levels, total serum IgE levels, total eosinophil counts, and specific IgE levels were measured in 401 children. The patients were characterized as having atopic eczema (n=157), non‐atopic eczema (n=107), or as healthy control subjects (n=137).Results
Both TARC and CTACK levels in children with AD were significantly higher than those in healthy control subjects. Serum TARC and CTACK levels significantly correlated with disease severity both in children with atopic eczema and in children with non‐atopic eczema. Serum TARC levels in children with AD significantly correlated with their serum CTACK levels. Serum TARC and CTACK levels decreased in accordance with their ages.Conclusion
Serum TARC and CTACK levels might be useful markers for disease severity both in children with atopic eczema and with non‐atopic eczema. Serum TARC and CTACK levels decreased in accordance with their ages.
Immunological characteristics of subjects with asymptomatic skin sensitization to birch and grass pollen
Authors: Assing K. , Nielsen C. H. , Poulsen L. K. 
Published: January 2006

SummaryBackground
Asymptomatic skin sensitization (AS) has been shown to be a risk factor for respiratory allergic disease.Objective
We investigated allergen and recall antigen‐driven T cell proliferation, cytokine production and T cell expression of the chemokine receptor CCR4, in cultures derived from symptomatic atopics (SA), subjects with AS and healthy controls (HC). Numbers of allergen‐specific precursor T cells in all three groups were also estimated.Methods
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the three groups were isolated and stimulated with allergen and tetanus toxoid. Proliferation, cytokine production and CCR4 expression were measured by flow cytometry.Results
A significantly increased proportion of CD4+ memory T cells proliferated in response to allergen in SA as compared with subjects with AS (P<0.001) and HC (P<0.001). Only in SA was expansion of CD4+CCR4+ T cells, after allergen stimulation observed. SA had higher frequencies of allergen‐specific T cells than subjects with AS and HC (P=0.02, for both). With regard to allergen‐induced production of T‐helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 cytokines, subjects with AS and HC resembled each other, while differing significantly from SA.Conclusion
We conclude, that subjects with AS, although clearly IgE sensitized, have significant diminished numbers of allergen‐specific T cells as well as decreased allergen‐induced CD4+ memory T cell proliferation as compared with SA. To a large extent, our findings are capable of explaining the immunological characteristics associated with AS. Our findings may serve as better prognostic markers for subsequent allergic progression, than previously described clinical and paraclinical characteristics.
Qualitative meta‐synthesis: a question of dialoguing with texts
Authors: Zimmer Lela 
Published: January 2006

Aims.  This paper discusses whether useful synthesis of research reports across different qualitative methodologies is possible, and whether qualitative meta‐synthesis violates the tenets of the interpretive paradigm.Background.  Qualitative meta‐synthesis is a recent development in qualitative inquiry that offers a means of enhancing the contribution of qualitative findings to the development of more formalized knowledge. However, there are a number of unanswered questions and areas that require debate.Discussion.  A brief overview of qualitative meta‐synthesis as a method of inquiry is presented. The assumptions of phenomenology, ethnography and grounded theory are explored for their amenability to meta‐synthesis and the possibility of coherent synthesis of findings across these methodologies. In addition, a summary of major philosophical commitments common to the interpretive paradigm is presented. Qualitative meta‐synthesis as a methodology is then explored for its fit within this paradigm. An argument is made, with some caveats, for synthesis across qualitative methodologies. Gadamer's concepts of the hermeneutic circle, the fusion of horizons, and dialogue with the text are explored for the insight they provide into the place of qualitative meta‐synthesis in inquiry.Conclusion.  It is important for researchers to bring hermeneutic skill to the process of meta‐synthesis in order to develop a comprehensive understanding of the various philosophical assumptions in which qualitative approaches are based. The particular challenge of combining analysis and interpretation from studies with markedly different approaches and intentions may prompt synthesists to create new and innovative approaches to the presentation of meta‐synthesis.
Prehospital care pathway delays: gender and myocardial infarction
Authors: O'Donnell Sharon , Condell Sarah , Begley Cecily , Fitzgerald Tony 
Published: January 2006

Aim.  This paper reports the findings of a study that identified gender specific prehospital care pathway delays amongst Irish women and men with myocardial infarction.Background.  Women are more likely to experience a poorer prognosis than their male counterparts following hospitalization for myocardial infarction, yet research shows that women continue to experience prehospital care pathway delays.Methods.  A 1‐year prospective census was carried in six major academic teaching hospitals in Dublin, Ireland in 2001–2002. A total of 277 (31%) female and 613 (69%) male patients with confirmed myocardial infarction were included in the study.Results.  Women were more likely to experience prolonged ‘initial symptom‐onset to A&E delays’ (14 hours vs. 2·8 hours P < 0·0001), and ‘intense symptom‐onset to A&E delays’ (3·1 hours vs. 1·8 hours , P < 0·0001), i.e. arrival at a hospital accident and emergency department. Advancing age was associated with greater prehospital delays (P < 0·0001), whilst patients with private health insurance had shorter delays than public patients (without private health insurance) or those with medical cards (entitling them to means‐tested medical benefits) (P = 0·001). Patients who drove themselves by car to hospital had shorter median prehospital times than those arriving by any other admission mode (P < 0·0001), whilst those referred by their general practitioner had longer delays than those who were self‐referred (5 hours vs. 1·7 hours, P < 0·0001).Conclusions.  Female gender, advancing age, referral source, insurance status and mode of transport to hospital are independent factors contributing to prehospital patient delays. Nurses who care for patients with coronary artery disease have a unique opportunity to educate people about the most appropriate action to be taken in the event of experiencing symptoms.
The psychological effects of organizational restructuring on nurses
Authors: Brown Hilary , Zijlstra Fred , Lyons Evanthia 
Published: January 2006

Aim.  This paper reports a comparison of nurses affected by the restructuring associated with healthcare organization mergers (1998–2000) in the United Kingdom and those of non‐affected nurses in the UK.Background.  Restructuring, a feature of healthcare organizations for decades, has been associated internationally with negative outcomes for nurses. Despite this, no model to evaluate management of change factors and psychological stress processes has been operationalized and tested.Method.  A sample of 351 Registered Nurses was recruited from southern England. Participants either worked in organizations that were within 6 months of merging or were not affected by mergers. On two occasions, 6 months apart, all were sent a questionnaire that had been formulated for the study. Questions related to the parts of the model being tested: restructuring initiatives (i.e. stressors) information and participation, coping action, and coping effectiveness (i.e. outcomes). The data were collected between 1998 and 2000.Findings.  Nurses affected by mergers reported statistically significantly higher restructuring initiatives before and after an event than non‐affected nurses. Moreover, up to 12 months after an event some affected nurses reported lower information and participation, and lower coping effectiveness (i.e. higher job insecurity, job stress, job pressure, lower job satisfaction, physical, psychological, and environmental quality of life) than non‐affected nurses, which was consistent with the model's proposals. However, there was no difference between affected and non‐affected nurses’ coping action.Conclusion.  The psychological effects of restructuring are linked with perceptions of low information and participation, and with negative outcomes for nurses. Managers, therefore, need to communicate information and encourage staff to participate in decisions about restructuring events.
Monitoring child and parent refusals to enrol in clinical research protocols
Authors: Gattuso Jami , Hinds Pamela , Tong Xin , Srivastava Kumar 
Published: January 2006

Aims.  The aim of this paper is to report the rates and reasons for refusal given by 817 eligible participants from 10 completed and ongoing nursing and behavioural medicine studies in paediatric oncology from 1994 to 2004.Background.  Eligible participants have the right to accept or decline participation in research studies. Information about rates of refusal and reasons for refusal could be useful in determining participant‐perceived burden related to study participation, in accurately estimating the time needed to accrue an adequate number of participants to achieve the study aims, and in interpreting study findings from certain groups of participants.Methods.  A 13‐item survey form about study characteristics was completed prospectively for each study included in this report; categories of reasons for refusal were inductively identified and defined using a semantic content analytic technique.Results.  The overall rate of refusal was 23·6% (range: 6·7–46·7%). The studies that involved blood sampling or end‐of‐life decision‐making had the highest refusal rates and an instrumentation study had the lowest. Eligible male participants had consistently higher rates of refusal than did females across the 10 studies. Nine categories of refusal were inductively identified, with the most commonly reported reason being the burden of the research methods.Conclusion.  A careful informed consent process will still result in some refusals. The refusal rates reported here can be used to help future researchers more accurately estimate accrual periods for studies involving blood sampling or investigating sensitive topics in paediatric oncology.
Establishing a definition for a nurse‐led clinic: structure, process, and outcome
Authors: Wong Frances K.Y. , Chung Loretta C.Y. 
Published: January 2006

Aim.  This paper reports a study to define a nurse‐led clinic by exploring the domains of structure, process and outcome.Background.  Nurse clinics have been introduced as a measure to support intermediate care after the acute phase of disease. Previous studies have been mainly descriptive, or have only addressed a particular aspect of clinic service.Methods.  This exploratory study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, nurses from 34 clinics were interviewed. In the second phase, 162 clinic sessions were observed, and 162 patients and 16 physicians were interviewed. The data were collected in 2001–2003.Results.  The nurses who ran the clinics were very experienced, and resources were available to support their work. Over 80% of their work was independent or interdependent, involving skills such as adjusting medications, and initiating therapies and diagnostic tests according to protocols. The principal interventions were assessments and evaluations, and health counselling. The nurses rated ‘management of symptoms’, ‘prevention of complications’, and ‘client satisfaction’ as the top three key indicators of their success. All patients studied showed improvement after the nurse clinic consultation, but the best rates were found in wound and continence clinics. Satisfaction scores for both nurses and clients were high. Physicians valued their partnership in care with the nurses, but were concerned about possible legal liability resulting from the advanced roles assumed by these nurses.Conclusions.  A nurse clinic is an effective alternative model of ambulatory healthcare delivery that uses a holistic framework.
Development of an interspecific Vigna linkage map between Vigna umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi & Ohashi and V. nakashimae (Ohwi) Ohwi & Ohashi and its use in analysis of bruchid resistance and comparative genomics
Authors: Somta P. , Kaga A. , Tomooka N. , Kashiwaba K. , Isemura T. , Chaitieng B. , Srinives P. , Vaughan D. A. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractTo facilitate transfer of bruchid resistance to azuki bean (Vigna angularis) from its relatives an interspecific mapping population was made between rice bean, V. umbellata, and the related wild species V. nakashimae. The V. umbellata parent is completely resistant and V. nakashimae is completely susceptible to the bruchid beetle pests, azuki bean weevil (Callosobruchus chinensis) and cowpea weevil (C. maculatus). There is very low cross compatibility between V. umbellata and azuki bean. Therefore, V. nakashimae, that crosses with both V. umbellata and V. angularis without the need for embryo rescue, is used as a bridging species. A genetic linkage map was constructed based on an interspecific F2 mapping population between V. umbellata and V. nakashimae consisting of 74 plants. A total of 175 DNA marker loci (74 RFLPs and 101 SSRs) were mapped on to 11 linkage groups spanning a total length of 652 cM. Segregation distortion was observed but only three markers were not linked to any linkage group due to severe segregation distortion. This interspecific genome map was compared with the genome map of azuki bean. Of 121 common markers on the two maps, 114 (94.2%) were located on the same linkage groups in both maps. The marker order was highly conserved between the two genome maps. Fifty F2 plants that produced sufficient seeds were used for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis and locating gene(s) for C. chinensis and C. maculatus resistance in V. umbellata. The resistance reaction of these F2 plants differed between C. chinensis and C. maculatus. Both resistances were quantitatively inherited with no F2 plants completely susceptible to C. chinensis or C. maculatus. One putative QTL for resistance to each of these bruchid species was located on different linkage groups. Other putative QTLs associated with resistance to both C. chinensis and C. maculatus were localized on the same linkage group 1. Linked markers associated with the bruchid‐resistant QTL will facilitate their transfer to azuki bean breeding lines.
Distribution of the wheat–rye translocation 1RS.1BL among bread wheat varieties of Bulgaria
Authors: Landjeva S. , Korzun V. , Tsanev V. , Vladova R. , Ganeva G. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe distribution of the wheat–rye translocation 1RS.1BL was studied in 31 winter wheat varieties from Bulgaria. The presence of the translocation was verified in 17 varieties using chromosome N‐banding analysis, PAGE‐analysis of grain storage proteins and DNA‐marker analysis. The 1RS.1BL has been transmitted in 54% of varieties with a known source of the translocation in their pedigree.
Cloning, genetic and physical mapping of resistance gene analogs in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Authors: Mammadov J. A. , Liu Z. , Biyashev R. M. , Muehlbauer G. J. , Saghai Maroof M. A. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe majority of verified plant disease resistance genes isolated to date belong to the NBS‐LRR class, encoding proteins with a predicted nucleotide binding site (NBS) and a leucine‐rich repeat (LRR) region. Using degenerate primers, designed from the conserved motifs of the NBS region in tobacco N and Arabidopsis RPS2 genes, we isolated 190 resistance gene analogs (RGA) clones from barley genomic DNA. A total of 13 single‐ and low‐copy RGAs were genetically mapped onto chromosomes 1H–7H (except 5H) using three barley double haploid (DH) mapping populations: Steptoe × Morex, Harrington × TR306 and LUGC × Bowman. Sequence analysis of the RGAs showed that they are members of a diverse group. As a result of BLAST searches, one RGA proved unique as it did not detect any significant hit. Another RGA is putatively functional, because it detected several barley expressed sequence tag (EST) matches. To physically map the RGAs, 13 sequences were used to screen a 6.3 × cv. ‘Morex’ bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library. After fingerprint analysis, eight contigs were constructed incorporating 62 BAC clones. These BAC contigs are of great value for positional cloning of disease resistance genes, because they span the regions where various barley R genes have been genetically mapped.