bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viral walk: using ROS to explain CoRSV systemicity in Chenopodium quinoa Willd. at high temperature
Authors: Holanda Guilherme , Silveira Antonia Thalyta Lopes , Cruz José Manoel Ferreira de Lima , Sousa Layla Victória da Silva , Figueira Antonia dos Reis , Pereira Wilson Vicente Souza , Santos Heloisa Oliveira dos , Carvalho Claudine Marcia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Dichorhavirus coffeae (CoRSV) can cause local or systemic symptoms in Chenopodium quinoa, depending on the temperature at which the plants are kept after mechanical inoculation. What causes this change in movement is still unknown. Increase in temperature and the presence of viruses can alter reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may be a means of explaining what enables systemic movement. The levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), antioxidants enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT)), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were investigated in C. quinoa plants inoculated with CoRSV and kept under two temperature conditions. Six treatments were used: control (T1 and T4), inoculation with phosphate buffer (T2 and T5) and inoculation with CoRSV (T3 and T6). After inoculation, plants from treatments T1, T2, and T3 were kept in a greenhouse at an average temperature of 25°C, and plants from treatments T4, T5, and T6 were kept in a growth chamber at an average temperature of 28°C. Leaf analyses were performed at 0, 3, and 5 days after inoculation (DAI). SOD levels remained high in all treatments. However, plants kept at 25°C showed higher levels of H2O2 and APX activity. Plants with viruses kept at 28°C showed reduced H2O2, APX, and CAT levels at 5 DAI, and high MDA levels. The high amount of MDA present in these plants may indicate that ROS escapes the antioxidant system and causes structural damage in C. quinoa, thus facilitating the systemic movement of CoRSV.
Prevalence and determinants of periodontitis among a population with knee osteoarthritis at the Douala General Hospital (Littoral, Cameroon)
Authors: TCHOUNCHUI Herna Stella CHIMY , LEKPA Fernando KEMTA , NJONNOU Sylvain Raoul SIMENI , MAPA-TASSOU Clarisse , NGAKO Christian DEUBE , TSATEDEM Faustin ATEMKENG , MBAH Félicité SOH MALEU , BELINGA Lawrence ESSAMA ENO , BEBEY Francine SAME , ATEUDJIEU Jérôme , CHOUKEM Simeon Pierre 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a slowly evolving multifactorial disorder that affects joints, particularly the knee. Periodontitis is an infection of the tissues supporting the teeth, leading to significant tooth loss. Recent studies suggest an association between Knee OA (KOA) and periodontitis, with the prevalence of periodontitis increasing with the severity of KOA. We aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of periodontitis and the association between the severity of KOA and periodontitis in subjects living with KOA.
Patients and methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in an outpatient clinic at the Rheumatology unit of the Douala General Hospital between October 2022 and June 2023. Data were collected using a questionnaire, an endo-buccal examination grid, radiological images and medical records. A multivariate analysis using logistic regression was performed, including the relevant variables in the bivariate analysis.
Results
We included 253 participants (201 women) with a median age of 63 years [54–70]. The mean VAS was 52.7 ± 27.9 mm. The mean Lequesne index was 12.25 ± 5.03. Kellgren and Lawrence (K&L) grade 2 was predominant (61.7%), as was tricompartimental KOA (85.4%). The prevalence of periodontitis was 62.5%. Periodontitis was significantly associated with radiological K&L grade 4 (OR: 5.39 [1.27–28.98]; p = 0.03), poor oral hygiene (OR: 34 [7.46277.71]; p < 0.001), visits to the dentist [in case of problems] (OR: 8.54 [3.09–28.58]; p < 0.001) and brushing time (OR: 21.93 [5.66-123.24]; p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Periodontitis is common in patients with KOA in Cameroon and is associated with the severity of KOA and poor oral hygiene.
The complete chloroplast genome sequences and phylogenetics of Cornus sanguinea L. and Cornus sericea L. (Cornaceae)
Authors: Nikonorova Eugenia , Shevtsov Alexandr , Tursunbay Nailya , Khapilina Oxana , Baleev Dmitry 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

This study provides an in-depth analysis of the chloroplast genomes of two Cornus species, Cornus sanguinea L. and Cornus sericea L., which are significant both in ornamental horticulture and traditional medicine. These species were collected from the Botanical Garden of the VILAR, providing a unique geographic context for genetic examination. Our results indicated that the plastomes of both species have typical quadripartite structure of chloroplast DNA, with slight variations in the size of the Large Single Copy (LSC) and Small Single Copy (SSC) regions compared to other Cornus species. The complete chloroplast genome size of C. sericea and C. sanguinea was 158 244 and 158 663 bp, respectively. A total of 131 genes, including 86 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes were found. The study highlighted the role of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in genomic differentiation, with a notable absence of tetra-, penta-, and hexa-nucleotide repeats in the studied genomes. This aspect of the genome could be vital for understanding species differentiation and evolution within the genus. Phylogenetic analyses placed C. sanguinea and C. sericea within a broader clade of Cornaceae and reflected their close relationship to other species in the Cornaceae family. Overall, our study provides new data about the structure and features of the C. sericea cp genome and adds the valuable information on cp genome C. sanguinea, that is necessary for further studies.
Close-to-nature transformation: enhancing the chemical stability of organic carbon in Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata forests
Authors: Shu Weiwei , Ming Angang , Yang Kun , Li Hua , Min Huilin , Tao Yi , Zeng Ji , Li Zhongguo , Wei Juling 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The close-to-nature forest management affects the soil carbon cycle process by changing the vegetation composition of the stand. However, the effects of close-to-nature t forest management on the chemical stability of soil organic carbon (SOC) have been poorly understood. We analyzed chemical composition and stability of organic carbon taken from three group (soil, litter and fine roots) of Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolate close-to-nature forests (PCN and CCN) and their control pure forests (PCK and CCK). Compared with the control pure forests, the proportion of soil alkyl C, the alkyl C/O-alkyl C (A/O-A) ratio, and the evenness of distribution of the four main SOC chemical compositions were all higher in the close-to-nature transformation forests, especially in the PCN. The microbial biomass carbon (MBC) was significantly higher than that of control forests (CCK, PCK). However, the close-to-nature transformation did not significantly affect the soil bacterial richness and diversity. The Alkyl C and O-alkyl C in litter and fine roots were significantly correlated with the SOC chemical components, and there was also a positive correlation between the soil A/O-A ratio and the litter A/O-A ratio as well as the fine root A/O-A ratio. The RDA analysis showed that fine root alkyl C and fine root O-alkyl C were the two most critical factors affecting the chemical composition of SOC. Our findings highlight that the close-to-nature transformation exhibits a relatively high resistance to decomposition. Converting the pine and fir plantations into uneven-aged mixed forests through close-to-nature transformation is capable of enhancing the chemical stability of organic carbon in coniferous plantations.
A study of lithic refitting and the Middle Palaeolithic prepared core technology in South Bihar, India
Authors: Pandey Akash 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive technological analysis of the Middle Palaeolithic assemblage from the Kharagpur Hills, South Bihar, India, integrating refitting studies to investigate complete reduction sequence. The assemblage consists of Levallois, discoid, and other prepared cores, systematically collected from surface clusters using a grid-based method. The gradual exposure of encapsulated sediments due to erosional processes driven by post-depositional agents led to the uncovering of these lithic clusters. Notably, the absence of inter-cluster/locus refits and conjoins at three nearby clusters suggests that lithic materials remained largely confined within their respective clusters, implying minimal movement of unfinished blanks across the site. Locally available fine-grained quartzite was primarily exploited as raw materials, emphasizing the role of regional lithic resources in lithic production. The refitting analysis provides critical insights into the technological approaches employed in both Levallois and discoid reduction, marking a significant contribution to South Asian Middle Palaeolithic studies. The complete sequence of discoid core exploitation, from initial reduction to discard, and the multiple rounds of Levallois reduction including preparation and production stages, reconstructed through refitting, enhance our knowledge of hominin knapping strategies. Interestingly, even within Levallois reduction, striking platforms are predominantly plain, indicating a preference for direct flake removal without extensive platform modifications. Furthermore, the scarcity of tools across all clusters, except one, along with the absence of selective blanks, suggests that tool modification occurred at specific areas different from primary knapping spots, highlighting the spatial organization of lithic production and use.
Study on the Tectonic Stress Control Mechanism of Graphitization in Carbonate Rocks
Authors: Li JianBin , Ma YuMin , Cheng NanNan , Shi MengYan , Pan JieNan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Graphite is commonly found in seismic slip zones and ductile shear zones, and it has traditionally been thought to form through the graphitization of organic matter or through fluid-mediated reduction. Recent studies have identified shear action as playing a significant role in the transformation of carbonate rocks into graphite, yet the stress-related chemical origins of this process remain unclear. This research employed both constant and incremental speed friction experiments using limestone and marble, combined with X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy, and Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analysis, to explore the potential for and the stress-chemical causes of graphitization in carbonate rocks within shear zones. The experimental results demonstrate significant structural transformations of carbonate rocks under shear stress. Limestone is more prone to graphitization during deeper plastic deformation phases, whereas marble tends to graphitize during shallower brittle deformation stages. Furthermore, the findings indicate that compared to a single tectonic event, complex multi-phase tectonic structures are more likely to enhance the degree of graphitization in carbonate rocks. This study enriches the theoretical understanding of graphite formation and occurrence, provides scientific insight into the weakening of the crust and the mechanisms of seismic slip, and reveals the micro-mechanisms of carbonate rock graphitization under tectonic stress. It highlights that metamorphic effects on mineral structure and chemical bonds are critical factors affecting graphitization at different deformation stages.
Study of the nutritional potential of a Solanaceae endemic to West Cameroon: Solanum melongena L. spineless variety
Authors: EPANDA Adriel Martin Collet , MOUNDJEU Evariste Désiré , GOUADO INOCENT 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

In Cameroon, Solanum melongena L. spineless variety is found in markets in two forms namely: one dried and the other boiled and dried; This urges us to seek the most nutritious form in order to further enhance its use. The objective of the study was to evaluate the nutritional contribution of the flours of dried, boiled and dried fruits of Solanum melongena L. spineless variety. We carried out nutrient assays according to physico-chemical analysis methods of the AOAC (1990). And we have seen that in 100 g of dried eggplant flour, the major macronutrients are fibers (37.6 ± 0.002 g) followed by lipids (23.26 ± 0.001 g), and proteins (16.46 ± 0.004 g). In 100g of boiled and dried eggplant flour, the major macronutrients are fibers (25.77 ± 0.008 g) followed by lipids (25.44 ± 0.001 g), and proteins (16.62 ± 0.003g). The major micronutrients are: K (1286 ± 0.007 mg) and Na (294.6 ± 0.006 mg) followed by Zn (36.88 ± 0.002 mg) and Fe (11.3 ± 0.004 mg) for 100 g of flour dried eggplants. And in 100 g of dried and boiled eggplant flour the major micronutrients are: K (1232 ± 0.001 mg) and Na (294 ± 0.001 mg) followed by Zn (19.9 ± 0.004 mg) and Fe (8.53 ± 0.002 mg). we can therefore say that, Solanum melongena L. spineless variety, is a fruit used for making several dishes with nutritional properties and therapeutically exploitable.
Outcomes and Associated Factors of Open Surgical Treatment in Patients with Chronic Venous Insufficiency Related to Primary Varicose Veins: Findings from Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute, Tanzania
Authors: Paul Christine Hyasint , Shedura Vulstan James , Nyawawa Evarist , Mwanga Ally , Byomuganyizi Moses 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Chronic venous insufficiency affects 1–40% of the adult population worldwide, affecting lower limbs. Limited research exists on open surgical treatment outcomes in Tanzania. This study aimed to assess the surgical outcomes and factors associated with outcomes of open surgical treatment for Chronic venous insufficiency related to primary varicose veins at Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute in Dar es Salaam. A cross-sectional study conducted between 20/08/2023 and 07/02/2024 examined adults with Chronic venous insufficiency at Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute between 01/01/2023 and 30/12/2023. Participants were enrolled using simple random sampling, and sociodemographic and clinical data were collected. The study categorized surgical treatment outcomes as good or poor. Factors influencing outcomes were identified using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models, with a p-value of < 0.05 considered significant. Ninety-seven (n = 97) patients with chronic venous insufficiency related to primary varicose veins were enrolled at Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute. The majority were male (60.8%, 59/97), with a median age of 58 years (IQR: 47–64). Most participants had only primary school education (47.4%, 46/97), were self-employed (52.5%, 51/97), and married (89.7%, 87/97). The proportion of good surgical treatment outcomes was 69.1% (67/97). The median BMI was 27.7 Kg/m² (IQR: 24.2–31.9), with 34.0% (33/97) having a BMI of 25.0–29.9 Kg/m². Most participants (81.4%, 79/97) had no history of cigarette smoking. Good surgical outcomes were independently associated with the absence of active venous ulcers [aOR = 2.01: 95% CI: 1.10–4.70, p = 0.020] and reduced or subsided post-operative edema [aOR = 1.21: 95% CI: 0.20–3.21, p < 0.001]. The study found that patients with chronic venous insufficiency at Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute generally had good surgical treatment outcomes. Key factors, including absence of active venous ulcers and reduced post-operative edema suggest the need for a multidisciplinary approach and structured post-operative monitoring protocols to improve patient care and outcomes.
User-Centric Internal Tools in E-commerce: Enhancing Operational Efficiency Through AI Integration
Authors: Song Xue 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The rise of e-commerce has necessitated the development of internal tools that cater to specific operational needs while ensuring user satisfaction. This study presents the concept of User-Centric Internal Tools, which are innovative solutions designed to enhance operational efficiency through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI). By harnessing AI technologies, our objective is to optimize various internal processes, leading to improved experiences for both employees and customers. Central to our approach is the emphasis on user requirements, fostering smoother workflows and tackling operational bottlenecks. An iterative design process involves engaging stakeholders to identify challenges and effectively customize AI solutions. The results manifest in marked boosts in productivity and informed decision-making, showcasing the benefits of aligning technology with user expectations in the e-commerce sector. Additionally, we share case studies that illustrate the successful introduction of user-centric AI tools, emphasizing their contribution to operational success and employee satisfaction. These insights highlight the critical role AI plays in developing internal tools that balance business goals with user-centric design, which is essential for enhancing the efficiency and growth of e-commerce operations.
Global and regional burden of four drug use disorders in the elderly, 1990 to 2021: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study
Authors: Jia Bochao , Wei Rui , Li Zhiqi , Feng Meiyu , Wang Mengxue , Wei Yi , Liu Zhenquan , Hu Yuanhui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
As the global population ages, the burden of drug use disorders (DUDs) among the elderly is rising. It is imperative to conduct a quantitative analysis of the disease burden affecting this vulnerable population.
Methods
Utilize the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 database to obtain incidence rates and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for opioids, cocaine, amphetamines, and cannabis among the elderly (aged 60–89) across 204 countries and 5 SDI regions from 1990 to 2021. Employ Joinpoint regression analysis to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) and age-standardized DALYs rates (ASDR). Use the Das Gupta method to decompose and analyze the impacts of changes in age structure, population growth, and epidemiology on DALYs during this period. Finally, apply the Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) model to predict ASIR and DALYs for global and high-burden regions from 2022 to 2035.
Results
Of the four DUDs, opioids have the highest disease burden. Joinpoint analysis indicates that from 1990 to 2021, the ASIR for opioid use disorder decreased with an AAPC of -0.73 (95% CI: -0.79 to 0.67), while the ASDR remained stable. Cocaine use disorder ASIR remained stable, but ASDR increased with an AAPC of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.77–1.11). The burden of amphetamine and cannabis use disorders generally stabilized. Geographic heterogeneity was evident at regional and national levels, with ASDR for all four DUDs increasing in high-SDI areas while remaining stable or declining in other SDI areas. High-income North America, represented by the United States, shows a higher burden of disease. Decomposition analysis shows that population growth is the main factor affecting the change in the burden of DUDs in most regions, and high-income North America is mainly affected by epidemiological changes. According to the Predictive models, the DALYs of DUDs in the global elderly population is still on the rise, especially in the male group in North America.
Conclusion
The burden of DUDs among the elderly varies across countries, regions, SDI levels, and genders, underscoring the need for targeted public health policy adjustments and strategic allocation of medical resources to mitigate this burden.
Data Quality Quantized Framework: Ensuring Large-Scale Data Integration in Gig Economy Platforms
Authors: Chen Junjie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Integrating large volumes of data in gig economy platforms poses significant difficulties, especially regarding data integrity. Since these platforms frequently compile data from multiple sources, problems concerning accuracy, completeness, and consistency are common. To address these issues, we suggest a Data Quality Quantized Framework explicitly tailored for this setting. Our system utilizes automated data profiling methods that constantly oversee data in real-time, allowing for the detection and rectification of irregularities. Moreover, we utilize machine learning methods to predict possible data quality issues by examining past data, allowing for proactive actions. Customizing quality metrics to align with the unique attributes of gig economy data guarantees successful integration across different sources. Thorough assessments performed on datasets from prominent gig platforms show significant improvements in data quality indicators after implementing our framework, highlighting its promising ability to enhance operational workflows and facilitate informed decision-making.
Effects of redshift, mass and environment on the concentration index
Authors: Ndimuwaki Mary , Kimani Naftali , Mutabazi Tom 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The morphological classification of galaxies is crucial for understanding their formation and evolution over time. There are various galaxy parameters, such as structural features, light profiles, and the concentration index (Cr ) that serve as proxies for galaxy morphological types that can be used to classify galaxies effectively. These galaxy parameters have been proposed for classifying galaxies in the large galaxy samples, where visual classification becomes labor-intensive and impractical. This work report on the the effect of fundamental galaxy parameters; redshift, environment and mass on the use of concentration index tool for classifying galaxies. The archival data for this work was obtained from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey - AMIGA catalog SDSS-DR 16. The low density population constrained to a redshift range 0.005 ≤ z ≤ 0.080 and r-band magnitudes range 11 ≤ Mr ≤ 15.7, while the dense environment sample obtained from the Coma Cluster for sources within 3000 ≤ cz ≤ 10500 kms−1 at a redshift range of 0.01 ≤ z ≤ 0.035. To study the effect of redshift on the
concentration index, the low density galaxy sample (SIG) constrained by median stellar mass 10 ≤ log M⊙ ≤ 12 (3148 galaxies) was used. A fit to the derived Cr showed that concentration index increases with redshift. Similarly, to investigated the effect of stellar mass on the Cr of galaxies, SIG population at a redshift range of 0.02 ≤ z ≤ 0.04 was considered and from the Cr - stellar mass fit, the Cr is seen to be proportional to stellar mass. To investigate the effect
of galactic environment, the galaxies in both low-density and high-density population were constrained to a mass range of 10 ≤ ≤ log M⊙ ≤ 12 and a redshift range of 0.02 ≤ z ≤ 0.04. A fit to the derived Cr values against the galaxy environments showed that Cr values increases from less-dense to high-dense environments. These trends indicate the importance investigating the effect of galaxy physical parameters on the concentration index of the galaxies.