bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytolytic activity of circulating human monocytes on transformed and untransformed human fibroblasts
Authors: Mantovani Alberto , Tagliabue Aldo , Dean Jack H. , Jerrells Thomas R. , Herberman Ronald B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMonocytes from the peripheral blood of 10 normal adult human donors were tested for their cytolytic activity on untransformed or SV40‐transformed, early passage, human fibroblasts. Two pairs of human fibroblast lines (2303 and SV40–2303, 2931 and SV40–2931) were used and lysis was assessed in terms of release of [3H]thymidine from prelabelled target cells over a 72‐h incubation period. High levels of cytolytic activity were consistently observed on transformed fibroblasts at attacker to target cell (A:T) ratios ranging from 5:1 to 40:1. Low, but significant, lysis of untransformed cells was observed only with two donors at the highest (40:1) A:T ratio tested. With all donors, the cytolytic activity on transformed lines was significantly greater than on untransformed fibroblasts. Thus natural human monocyte‐mediated cytotoxicity is preferentially expressed on transformed, as compared to untransformed, cells although sparing of the latter is not absolute.
Correlated expression of a B‐lymphocyte‐specific glycoprotein (gp27/35) and the EBV receptor/c3 receptor complex in sublines from the same Burkitt lymphoma
Authors: Klein George , Hyman Robert , Trowbridge Ian 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA series of virus‐producer and non‐producer sublines, derived from the Burkitt lymphoma line Jijoye and its P3HR‐1 clone, were previously found to differ in the expression of EBV receptors and, in parallel, C3 receptors. The differences could be related to an “internal selection” caused by the cytopathic P3HR‐1 virus variant, favouring the growth of receptor‐negative cells. We have now analyzed the same lines for the expression of a B‐lymphocyte‐specific glycoprotein (gp27/35). A close parallellism was found between the expression of the EBV receptor‐complement receptor complex and the glycoprotein, measured by quantitative absorption. The results favour a relationship between gp27/35 and EBV/C3 receptor expression.
Spontaneous expression of murine endogenous viruses in hamster X mouse hybrid cells
Authors: Park Sang S. , Gazdar Adi F. , Lalley Peter A. , Minna John D. , Francke Uta 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe spontaneous expression patterns of murine leukemia virus (MuLV) from mouse spleen cultures and hamster × mouse spleen hybrid cells were compared. The hybrid cells preferentially segregated mouse while retaining a complete set of hamster chromosomes. Virus expression patterns showed considerable mouse strain differences in both parental and hybrid cells. None of 13 BALB/c spleen cultures expressed virus while 6 of 20 hybrid clones expressed N‐tropic or N‐tropic and X‐tropic viruses. All AKR spleen cultures and 5 of 7 hybrids expressed N‐tropic but not X‐tropic virus. X‐tropic virus expression was detected in all 6 NZB spleen cultures and in 5 of 8 hybrids. Virus expression did not occur in NIH Swiss or NIH Swiss/Nude (nu/nu) spleen or hybrid cultures. A major structural locus (Akv‐1) for N‐tropic virus expression has been assigned to chromosome 7 in AKR mice by recombi‐national genetics and is closely linked to the gene for glucose phosphate isomerase (Gpi‐1). Analysis of AKR hybrids confirmed the requirement of chromosome 7 for initial expression of mouse N‐tropic virus and, in addition, excluded the role of all other mouse chromosomes in this phenomenon. Eighteen of 20 BALB/c clones retained chromosome 7, including 6 virus‐positive clones, suggesting that chromosome 7 may be necessary but is not sufficient for N‐tropic virus expression in this strain. Hybrid clones with examples of asynteny were found for all other chromosomes. Long‐term passage and sub‐cloning studies of AKR and BALB/c virus‐positive hybrids indicated that virus‐positive clones segregated independently of chromosome 7 markers. Spontaneous expression of X‐tropic virus in NZB hybrid clones was syntenic with the gene for‐enylate kinase (Ak‐1) which is assigned to chromosome 2. A relatively small number of NZB hybrid clones were studied and, a firm gene assignment cannot be made, because only one discordant clone each was found for chromosomes 1, 3, 10, 19. Our studies indicate that spontaneous expression of MuLV strains does not require the following MuLV‐related genes: Fv‐1 (chromosome 4), Fv‐2 (chromosome 9), Rec‐1 (replication of ecotropic virus, chromosome 5), Gv‐1 and H‐2 (chromosome 17).
Biochemical identification of primate lymphoid cell‐surface glycoproteins
Authors: Strnad Bruce C. , Neubauer Russell H. , Rabin Harvey 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have employed the galactose oxidase‐tritiated sodium borohydride labelling method to examine the surface glycoproteins of cotton‐topped marmoset and other primate cell lines either established from tumors or transformed in vitro by different lymphotropic herpesviruses. The labelled surface glycoproteins were separated on acrylamide gels in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and analyzed by fluorography. Our results indicate that (1) lymphocytes of the same class from different primate species are similar but can be distinguished; (2) T and B lymphocytes of the same species can be differentiated; (3) cotton‐topped marmoset lymphocytes of the same class show marked similarities regardless of tumor or in vitro origin or virus used for transformation; (4) three cell lines established from different EBV‐induced tumors of the same marmoset show essentially the same labelling pattern, supporting the hypothesis that they originated from a single clone.
The effects of hyalurodinase upon tumor formation in BALB/c mice painted with 7,12‐dimethylbenz‐(a)anthracene
Authors: Pawlowski Andrew , Haberman Herbert F. , Menon I. Aravindakshan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractExperiments were performed to investigate the effects of hyaluronidase on chemical carcinogenesis. Two experiments were carried out using BALB/c mice. In the first experiment the mice were divided into three groups, viz. (1) painted with 7, 12‐dimethyl‐benz(a)anthracene (DMBA), (2) injected with hyaluronidase and painted with DMBA and (3) injected with saline and painted with DMBA. In the second experiment the mice were divided into three groups: (1) painted with DMBA, (2) injected with hyaluronidase and painted with DMBA and (3) injected with heat‐inactivated hyaluronidase and painted with DMBA. The tumor incidence and size of tumors were significantly lower in the group treated with hyaluronidase than in the other groups. The latent period was increased. The mitotic index of the skin adjacent to the tumors at the end of the experiment was decreased. These studies show that hyaluronidase can act as an anticarcinogenic agent.
Induction of erythroid differentiation in murine erythroleukemia cells by N‐substituted polymethylene diamides
Authors: Hozumi Toyoharu , Nomura Junko , Ishizawa Minoru 
Published: February 2007

AbstractVarious N‐substituted polymethylene diamides were synthesized and tested for their potency to induce erythroid differentiation in murine erythro‐leukemia cells. N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethyl‐1.6‐hexane‐dicarboxamide (IIc) was the most potent inducer among 15 compounds tested. The effectiveness of this compound was similar to that of hexamethylene bisacetamide(HMBA). HMBA has a different amide linkage order from that of IIc. HMBA and IIc at a concentration of 5 mM had similar effects on the cell growth rate and induced a similar frequency of benzidine‐positive cells. Hower, hemoglobin production was 1.5 times more effective with IIc. Polymethylene diester, diamide, dihydrazide and dianilide had no effect on the induction of hemoglobin synthesis. The N‐alkylated amide group appears to be required for induction of differentiation in murine erythroleukemia cells.
Characterization of a leukemic cell line of the pre‐B phenotype
Authors: Hurwitz Richard , Hozier John , Lebien Tucker , Minowada Jun , Gajl‐Peczalska Kazimiera , Kubonishi Ichiro , Kersey John 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNALM‐6‐M1, one of eight leukemia cell lines cultured from the blood of a 19‐year‐old boy with non‐T, non‐B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in relapse, was characterized. This cell line was found to be more than 90% cytoplasmic Immuno‐globulin positive (clg+) for both mu heavy and lambda light chains, but surface immunoglobulln (slg) and complement receptor (CR) negative. NALM‐6‐M1 was clg∼ for alpha, delta, and gamma heavy chains and kappa light chain. About 45% of the cells exhibited sheep erythrocyte receptors. Approximately 12% of cells were positive for Fc receptors. Approximately 90% of the cultured cells had a deleted long arm of chromosome 5 (5q−) and a marker Y chromosome. The remaining 10% of cells were found to have some additional chromosomal material on the long arm of chromosome 12, suggesting a partial translocation. No other karyotypic abnormalities were found. The cell line was found to react strongly with anti‐p23, 30, suggesting la‐like activity, but it only weakly stimulated normal lymphocytes in mixed leukocyte culture (MLC). The cells expressed HLA antigens. NALM‐6‐M1 failed to react with anti‐thymocyte serum (ATS), did not possess Epstein‐Barr membrane or nuclear antigens, nor did it exhibit phagocytosis for zymosan. NALM‐6‐M1 reacted positively with oil red O and Sudan black stains. On the basis of the clgM staining, NALM‐6‐M1 seems to be arrested at an early stage in B‐cell development and is considered to be of the pre‐B cell phenotype possessing a chromosomal abnormality.
Antibody responses to herpesvirus papio antigens in baboons with lymphoma
Authors: Neubauer Russell H. , Rabin Harvey , Strnad Bruce C. , Lapin Boris A. , Yakovleva Lelita A. , Indzie Eleonor 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn Epstein‐Barr virus‐related herpesvirus, termed Herpesvirus papio (HVP), was isolated from baboons (Papio hamadryas) at the Institute of Experimental Pathology and Therapy, Sukhumi, USSR, where there is a continuing outbreak of lymphoma. In the present study sera from diseased baboons and from age‐and sex‐matched control animals were examined for antibodies to HVP antigens. Results showed that animals with lymphoid disease had antibodies to HVP virus capsid, early, soluble, and nuclear antigens at higher frequencies and at higher titers than did control animals. Antibody titers were nat age‐or sex‐related. No concordancy was detected for antibodies to soluble and nuclear antigens. The sera were also examined for antibodies to two other widely distributed viruses of hamadryas baboons, cytomegalovirus and foamy virus. The results of these studies did nat indicate a disease‐related role for either of these viruses.
Differences in EBV receptor concentration between in vitro EBV‐converted lymphoma sublines reflect biological differences between the converting viral substrains
Authors: Klein George , Manneborg Agneta , Steinitz Michael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have compared the EBV‐receptor concentration of two originally EBV‐negattve human B‐cell lymphoma lines, after in vitro conversion with the transforming B95‐8 or the cytopathic P3HR‐1 EB‐viral substrain, respectively, into permanent EBV‐carrying sublines. Receptors were measured by the quantitative EBV‐absorption bioassay of Sairenji and Hinuma (1973). EBV receptor concentration of all P3HR‐1 virus‐converted sublines was significantly reduced, in comparison with the B95‐8 virus‐converted sublines. This suggests that cells with a low receptor concentration are more likely to survive the initial infection with the P3HR‐1 viral harvest. The results further confirm the biological differences between the two EBV substrains.
Neoplasms in rats and mice fed butylurea and sodium nitrite separately and in combination
Authors: Murthy A. S. Krishna , Baker John R. , Smith Emil R. , Zepp Ellen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn projected 485‐day studies, Fischer 344 rats and C57BL/6 mice were fed 0.58% butylurea and 0.50% sodium nitrite mixed in the diet separately or in combination. The number and type of neoplasms were not significantly increased in either species receiving butylurea or sodium nitrite only. Feeding the two chemicals simultaneously induced neoplasms of the lung, Zymbal's gland, forestomach, intestine and hemopoietic tissues in rats, and malignant lymphomas in mice. The increased incidence of neoplasms in rats and mice fed butylurea and sodium nitrite in combination may result from in vivo formation of the carcinogen, N‐butyl‐N‐nitrosourea.
Prevention of spontaneous leukemia in mice by oncornavirus immunization
Authors: Fish Donald C. , Bare Robert M. , Hill Paul R. , Huebner Robert J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractC57L, NIH, and SWR mice were immunized with inactivated Gross leukemia virus (GLV) and then mated with AKR males. Their F, offspring were then immunized with the murine sarcoma virus pseudotype of GLV, MSV(GLV). The concentrations of infectious ecotropic AKR virus in tail extracts of immunized mice were 100‐to 1,000‐fold lower than in non‐immunized controls when tested at 30–40 days of age. Although viral titers increased slightly with time, the titers remained at least one log10 lower in the immunized mice than in non‐immunized F, control mice at all times tested. The reduction in the level of expression of endogenous ecotropic virus showed a highly significant positive correlation with the reduction in incidence of spontaneous leukemia in these mice. These data thus show that successful immunoprevention of leukemia in mice can be achieved with viral vaccines.
Homogeneously staining regions on marker chromosomes in malignancy
Authors: Kovacs Gy. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDirect chromosome analysis with G‐banding revealed homogeneously staining regions (HSR) in five of 16 human solid malignant tumours of different histological types. The HSRs were localized either terminally or interstitially on the marker chromosomes. The great stability of the HSR‐carrying markers in the tumour cells suggests an interrelationship of malignant cell proliferation with the HSR. In a single case the HSR showed a moderate staining intensity for C‐heterochromatin.
Induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity and pulmonary carcinoma
Authors: Gahmberg Carl G. , Sekki Akseli , Kosunen Timo U. , Holsti Lars R. , Mäkelä Olavi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in lymphoblasts from normal Finnish adults and from patients with pulmonary carcinomas and other types of malignancy has been studied by a modification of previously used techniques. High absolute induced aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity was found in 39% of patients with untreated lung cancer but only in 15% of normal people. No increased frequency was found in the control group comprising other malignancies. The diagnosis of pulmonary carcinoma was made at a lower mean age (4.9 years younger) in the individuals with high aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity than in those with low activity. High absolute aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity was dominantly inherited in normal individuals, and the frequency of the Ahb gene in the Finnish population was 8%.
Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inducibility is not altered in bladder cancer patients or their progeny
Authors: Paigen Beverly , Ward Elizabeth , Steenland Kyle , Havens Mary , Sartori Pamela 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe investigated the possible influence of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) on susceptibility to bladder cancer in humans. AHH inducibility was measured in the cultured lymphocytes of 16 patients who were being followed after successful treatment for bladder cancer, in 53 progeny of bladder cancer patients, and in matched controls. In both the progeny and patient populations, no evidence was found for a difference between the distribution of AHH inducibility or induced AHH activity compared to the distribution among control individuals. Thus, AHH activity or inducibility does not appear to be a major determinant of bladder cancer risk in humans.
Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inducibility and lymphoblast formation in lung cancer patients
Authors: Prasad R. , Prasad N. , Harrell J. E. , Thornby J. , Liem J. H. , Hudgins P. T. , Tsuang J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) inducibility and lymphoblast formation were studied in lymphocytes from healthy control subjects and from lung cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. The relationship between AHH inducibility and percentage lymphoblasts was statistically significant only for the pre‐treatment patients (r = 0.598; p<0.05). In the control group and in patients undergoing radiotherapy the correlation between AHH inducibility and lymphoblast formation was positive but statistically it was not significant. Our data do not suggest a linear relationship between AHH inducibility and lymphoblast formation.
Estradiol and progesterone receptors in normal and neoplastic endometrium: Correlations between receptors, histopathological examinations and clinical responses under progestin therapy
Authors: Martin Pierre M. , Rolland Pierre H. , Gammerre Marc , Serment Henri , Toga Maurice 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHaving examined the steroid receptor (SR)' system in normal and neoplastic endometrium from pre‐and postmenopausal women, we investigated the effect of progestin therapy on estrogen and progestin receptors in neoplastic endometrium with respect to histopathological changes and clinical responses of the lesions. In normal endometrium of premenopausal women the estrogen receptor (ER) maximum occurred just before the estradiol (E) peak which is associated with a decrease in ER. In pre‐and postmenopausal women, a high progesterone receptor (PR) value was never associated with a high ER value although in postmenopausal women, PR was only detected when the ER level was high and when there was histological evidence of estrogenic influence. In neoplastic endometrium, a high degree of histological differentiation was associated with simultaneous low ER and high PR values, and vice‐versa. Progestin therapy results in virtually no change either in ER level or in pathological state of the lesions where PR was initially undetectable. In contrast, a positive clinical response was observed in a PR‐positive lesion revealing a differentiated histological type. The effect of P therapy is a fall in both ER and PR to a low level for the former and an undetectable level for the latter. The reasons for PR disappearance involve a nuclear translocation (detected 4 to 8 h after treatment) and a non‐replenishment of PR. Since the clinically responding patients were those with PR and ER positive lesions, the relationship between the presence of PR and a differentiated histological state could reflect the hormonal sensitivity of the tissue. These data also suggest that the effectiveness of P therapy is due to a redifferentiation and to a reduction of the estrogen‐dependent growth of neoplastic endometrial cells.
Characteristics of a low‐molecular‐weight factor extracted from mouse tumors that affects in vitro properties of macrophages
Authors: Cheung Hou T. , Cantarow Walter D. , Sundharadas G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA dialysable low‐molecular‐weight factor capable of affecting in vitro properties of macrophages was extracted from four different mouse tumors. This factor not only modulates closely related properties of peritoneal macrophages such as spreading and migration but also inhibits lipopolysaccharide‐induced tumoricidal activity of these cells. It can be extracted not only from tumor tissues but also from tumor cells grown in vitro. The appearance of this factor is unique to tumors and it is not present in detectable quantities in normal tissues. The factor from one of the tumors, Lewis lung carcinoma, was purified extensively and the partially purified factor retains all the above effects on macrophages. It is not sensitive to pronase or a mixture of bovine spleen phosphodiesterase II, E. coli alkaline phosphatase and pancreatic ribo‐nuclease. The factor is lipid‐like in character and it is soluble in both organic solvents and aqueous media. It has ionizable group(s) and is anionic at neutral pH but non‐ionic under acidic conditions.
Enhancement of tumor outgrowth by tumor‐associated blocking factors
Authors: Hellström K. E. , Hellström I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTransplanted lines of 3‐methylcholanthrene (MCA)‐induced BALB/c sarcomas were used for experiments in which tumors were mechanically suspended in Waymouth's culture medium, the suspensions centrifuged and filtered and the remaining cell‐free “tumor fluids” (TF) tested for activity in vitro and in vivo. TF were found to inhibit (“block”) cell‐mediated cytotoxicity to tumor target cells in vitro with specificity for each tumor tested and even at high dilutions (1:1,000–1:10,000). In vivo, TF enhanced the outgrowth of subcutaneously transplanted tumors in non‐immune syngeneic mice. This enhancement had both specific and non‐specific components, with the non‐specific component being most apparent. Enhancement was best demonstrated when the TF were inoculated together with the tumor inocula. In one of two experiments in which TF were given intraperitoneally, specific enhancement was seen, whereas in the other, inhibition of tumor outgrowth was observed.
Tumor‐associated antigens of chemically‐induced murine tumors; the emergence of MuLV and fetal antigens after serial passage in culture
Authors: Cleveland Patrick H. , Belnap Le Grand P. , Knotts F. Barry , Nayak Shankar K. , Baird Stephen M. , Pilch Yosef H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUsing radioiodinated Staphylococcus aureus protein A [125I]SPA to measure syngeneic, allogeneic and heterogeneic IgG bound to murine tumor cells, we performed a serological analysis of surface antigens of 8 solid tumors and 2 leukemias of BALB/c mice (3 chemically‐induced colon carcinomas, 3 chemically‐induced sarcomas, 1 murine leukemia virus (MuLV) induced leukemia, 1 irradiation Induced leukemia, 1 spontaneous melanoma and 1 spontaneous sarcoma). We were able to detect and distinguish between at least five separate antigenic specificities on these tumors. Unique tumor‐associated antigens were found on 3 of the tumors, MuLV related antigens on 8 tumors, fetal antigens on 7 tumors and two distinct common antigens on 7 tumors (common antigen 1 (CA‐1) on 5 tumors and common antigen 2 (CA‐2) on 2 tumors). Neither of the common antigens was found to be sarcoma, carcinoma or tissue‐type specific. A number of tumors which did not originally express either MuLV or fetal antigens in primary cultures expressed these antigens after several serial passages in vitro.