bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the influence of shear-tensile resistance and rock-breaking effect of cutting holes
Authors: Wan Antong , Tao Tiejun , Tian Xingchao , Xie Caijin , Liu Xia , Zhao Zhenhua , Zhang Houying 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the process of drilling and blasting construction of large-cross-section tunnels, the layout of wedge-shaped cutting holes has a great influence on the effect of blasting. In this study, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation were used to assess the effect of different forms of cutting hole placement on blasting effectiveness. First, the fissure-inducing angle was proposed, a three-dimensional model of wedge-shaped cutting considering the effect of shear-tensile resistance was established, and theoretical analyses of cutting holes with different cutting angles and fissure-inducing angles were carried out. Second, the parameters of the Riedel–Hiermaier–Thoma model were determined based on the experimental data, and verified. Third, three-dimensional numerical models were established, and analyze the influence of different forms of hole deployment on the blasting effect from the perspective of stress wave propagation and dynamic damage to the surrounding rock. Finally, based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results, the wedge-shaped hollowing holes were re-designed, and 20 tunnel blasting tests were carried out using this deployment method for large-section tunnel blasting, which verified the feasibility of this deployment method. The results of the study show that for level III surrounding rock, the angle of wedge-shaped cutting holes should meet 68° ≤ θ ≤ 70° and 70° ≤ β ≤ 72°. This study provides a kind of refined and efficient blasting for the drilling and blasting excavation process of large section tunnels.
The role of leptin in regulation of the soluble amyloid precursor protein α (sAPPα) levels in lung cancer cell media
Authors: Haddad Ben , Khalil Jeneen , Al Khashali Hind , Ray Ravel , Goel Stuti , Darweesh Ban , Coleman Kai-ling , Wozniak Caroline , Ranzenberger Robert , Lopo Brooke , Guthrie Jeffrey , Heyl Deborah , Evans Hedeel Guy 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPreviously, we found that the levels of soluble amyloid precursor protein α (sAPPα) are regulated, in part, by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in human A549 (p53 wild-type) and H1299 (p53-null) NSCLC cell lines. In this study, we found regulation of sAPPα levels in the media by leptin, a widely recognized obesity-associated adipokine that has recently been shown to play a possible role in cancer signaling. Increased levels of sAPPα, that were accompanied by lower Aβ40/42 levels in the media of A549 and H1299 cells, were detected upon cell incubation with leptin. Conversely, knockdown of leptin or its receptor led to reduced levels of sAPPα and increased levels of Aβ40/42 in the media of A549 and H1299 cells, suggesting that leptin likely shifts APP processing toward the non-amyloidogenic pathway. A549 cell treatment with leptin increased acetylcholine levels and blocked the activities of AChE and p53. Treatment with leptin resulted in increased activation of PKC, ERK1/2, PI3K, and the levels of sAPPα, effects that were reversed by treatment with kinase inhibitors and/or upon addition of AChE to A549 and H1299 cell media. Cell viability increased by treatment of A549 and H1299 cells with leptin and decreased upon co-treatment with AChE and/or inhibitors targeting PKC, ERK1/2, and PI3K. This study is significant as it provides evidence for a likely carcinogenic role of leptin in NSCLC cells via upregulation of sAPPα levels in the media, and highlights the importance of targeting leptin as a potential therapeutic strategy for NSCLC treatment.
CD151 expression marks atrial- and ventricular- differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Nakanishi-Koakutsu Misato , Miki Kenji , Naka Yuki , Sasaki Masako , Wakimizu Takayuki , Napier Stephanie C. , Okubo Chikako , Narita Megumi , Nishikawa Misato , Hata Reo , Chonabayashi Kazuhisa , Hotta Akitsu , Imahashi Kenichi , Nishimoto Tomoyuki , Yoshida Yoshinori 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCurrent differentiation protocols for human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) produce heterogeneous cardiomyocytes (CMs). Although chamber-specific CM selection using cell surface antigens enhances biomedical applications, a cell surface marker that accurately distinguishes between hiPSC-derived atrial CMs (ACMs) and ventricular CMs (VCMs) has not yet been identified. We have developed an approach for obtaining functional hiPSC-ACMs and -VCMs based on CD151 expression. For ACM differentiation, we found that ACMs are enriched in the CD151low population and that CD151 expression is correlated with the expression of Notch4 and its ligands. Furthermore, Notch signaling inhibition followed by selecting the CD151low population during atrial differentiation leads to the highly efficient generation of ACMs as evidenced by gene expression and electrophysiology. In contrast, for VCM differentiation, VCMs exhibiting a ventricular-related gene signature and uniform action potentials are enriched in the CD151high population. Our findings enable the production of high-quality ACMs and VCMs appropriate for hiPSC-derived chamber-specific disease models and other applications.
Ror homolog nhr-23 is essential for both developmental clock and circadian clock in C. elegans
Authors: Hiroki Shingo , Yoshitane Hikari 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAnimals have internal clocks that generate biological rhythms. In mammals, clock genes such as Period form the circadian clock to generate approximately 24-h biological rhythms. In C. elegans, the clock gene homologs constitute the “developmental clock”, which has an 8-h period during larval development to determine the timing of molting. Thus, the ancestral circadian clock has been believed to evolve into the oscillator with a shorter period in C. elegans. However, circadian rhythms have also been observed in adult C. elegans, albeit relatively weak. This prompts the question: if the clock gene homologs drive the developmental rhythm with 8-h period, which genes generate the circadian rhythms in C. elegans? In this study, we discovered that nhr-23, a homolog of the mammalian circadian clock gene Ror, is essential for circadian transcriptional rhythms in adult C. elegans. Interestingly, nhr-23 was also known to be essential for the molting clock. The bilaterian ancestral circadian clock genes might have evolved to function over multiple periods depending on developmental contexts rather than a single 8-h period in C. elegans.
Hypermethylated genome of a fish vertebrate iridovirus ISKNV plays important roles in viral infection
Authors: Liang Mincong , Pan Weiqiang , You Yanlin , Qin Xiaowei , Su Hualong , Zhan Zhipeng , Weng Shaoping , Guo Changjun , He Jianguo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIridoviruses are nucleocytoplasmic large dsDNA viruses that infect invertebrates and ectothermic vertebrates. The hypermethylated genome of vertebrate iridoviruses is unique among animal viruses. However, the map and function of iridovirus genomic methylation remain unknown. Herein, the methylated genome of Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV, a fish iridovirus), and its role in viral infection, are investigated. The methylation level of ISKNV is 23.44%. The hypermethylated genome is essential for ISKNV amplification, but there is no correlation between hypermethylation and viral gene expression. The hypomethylated ISKNV (obtained via 5-Azacytidine) activates a strong immunoreaction in vitro and reduces its pathogenicity in vivo. The unmethylated viral DNA can induce a stronger immunoreaction in vitro, whereas inactivated hypomethylated ISKNV can induce a stronger immunoreaction in vivo, suggesting ISKNV may evade from immune system by increasing its genome methylation level. Our work provides new insights into the role of genome methylation in viral infection.
Resonant fractional conductance through a 1D Wigner chain
Authors: Davies Rose , Lerner Igor V. , Yurkevich Igor V. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn recent experiments on conductance of one-dimensional (1D) channels in ultra-clean samples, a diverse set of plateaus were found at fractions of the quantum of conductance in zero magnetic field. We consider a discrete model of strongly interacting electrons in a clean 1D system where the current between weak tunneling contacts is carried by fractionally charged solutions. While in the spinless case conductance remains unaffected by the interaction, as is typical for the strongly interacting clean 1D systems, we demonstrate that in the spinful case the peak conductance takes fractional values that depend on the filling factor of the 1D channel.
Rapid decrease of the Labrador Sea’s influence on black spruce ecosystems with distance inland
Authors: Larose Julien , Boucher Étienne , de Vernal Anne , de Mendoza Ignacio Hermoso , Gennaretti Fabio , Lavergne Aliénor , Andreu-Hayles Laia , Field Robert D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn eastern Canada, Black spruce (Picea mariana Mill. B.S.P.) grows in a wide variety of climates, from maritime-oceanic conditions near the Labrador Sea, to more continental climates, inland. Along this gradient, timing and provenance of heat and moisture that support growth are uncertain, weakening our capacity to predict the response of boreal ecosystems to climate variability. Here, we measured the stable oxygen isotopic composition of black spruce tree-ring cellulose at three sites in eastern Canada and provide evidence of a rapid decrease of Labrador Sea’s influence on adjacent ecosystems. Our results report a landwards decrease in the oxygen isotope composition of both tree-ring cellulose (δ18OTRC) and precipitation water (δ18Op). We also reveal a rapid landwards decoupling between δ18OTRC variability (1950-2013), maximum temperature and Sea Surface Temperature variations over the Northwest Atlantic. Thus, despite their apparent ecological homogeneity, eastern Canada’s black spruce ecosystems rely on heterogeneous sources of heat and moisture.
Socio-spatial equity analysis of relative wealth index and emergency obstetric care accessibility in urban Nigeria
Authors: Wong Kerry L. M. , Banke-Thomas Aduragbemi , Olubodun Tope , Macharia Peter M. , Stanton Charlotte , Sundararajan Narayanan , Shah Yash , Prasad Gautam , Kansal Mansi , Vispute Swapnil , Shekel Tomer , Ogunyemi Olakunmi , Gwacham-Anisiobi Uchenna , Wang Jia , Abejirinde Ibukun-Oluwa Omolade , Makanga Prestige Tatenda , Afolabi Bosede B. , Beňová Lenka 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Better geographical accessibility to comprehensive emergency obstetric care (CEmOC) facilities can significantly improve pregnancy outcomes. However, with other factors, such as affordability critical for care access, it is important to explore accessibility across groups. We assessed CEmOC geographical accessibility by wealth status in the 15 most-populated Nigerian cities.

Methods
We mapped city boundaries, verified and geocoded functional CEmOC facilities, and assembled population distribution for women of childbearing age and Meta’s Relative Wealth Index (RWI). We used the Google Maps Platform’s internal Directions Application Programming Interface to obtain driving times to public and private facilities. City-level median travel time (MTT) and number of CEmOC facilities reachable within 60 min were summarised for peak and non-peak hours per wealth quintile. The correlation between RWI and MTT to the nearest public CEmOC was calculated.

Results
We show that MTT to the nearest public CEmOC facility is lowest in the wealthiest 20% in all cities, with the largest difference in MTT between the wealthiest 20% and least wealthy 20% seen in Onitsha (26 vs 81 min) and the smallest in Warri (20 vs 30 min). Similarly, the average number of public CEmOC facilities reachable within 60 min varies (11 among the wealthiest 20% and six among the least wealthy in Kano). In five cities, zero facilities are reachable under 60 min for the least wealthy 20%. Those who live in the suburbs particularly have poor accessibility to CEmOC facilities.

Conclusions
Our findings show that the least wealthy mostly have poor accessibility to care. Interventions addressing CEmOC geographical accessibility targeting poor people are needed to address inequities in urban settings.
Limited generalizability of multivariate brain-based dimensions of child psychiatric symptoms
Authors: Xu Bing , Dall’Aglio Lorenza , Flournoy John , Bortsova Gerda , Tervo-Clemmens Brenden , Collins Paul , de Bruijne Marleen , Luciana Monica , Marquand Andre , Wang Hao , Tiemeier Henning , Muetzel Ryan L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMultivariate machine learning techniques are a promising set of tools for identifying complex brain-behavior associations. However, failure to replicate results from these methods across samples has hampered their clinical relevance. Here we aimed to delineate dimensions of brain functional connectivity that are associated with child psychiatric symptoms in two large and independent cohorts: the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study and the Generation R Study (total n = 6935). Using sparse canonical correlations analysis, we identified two brain-behavior dimensions in ABCD: attention problems and aggression/rule-breaking behaviors. Importantly, out-of-sample generalizability of these dimensions was consistently observed in ABCD, suggesting robust multivariate brain-behavior associations. Despite this, out-of-study generalizability in Generation R was limited. These results highlight that the degrees of generalizability can vary depending on the external validation methods employed as well as the datasets used, emphasizing that biomarkers will remain elusive until models generalize better in true external settings.
Flood teleconnections from levees undermine disaster resilience
Authors: Ansari Abolfazl Hojjat , Mejia Alfonso , Cibin Raj 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInland levees can amplify flood risk in unprotected communities by altering floodwater levels away from their location. While these nonlocal effects of levees, which we term flood teleconnections, have been studied for specific river segments, their impact on flood risks along a river network remains underexplored. By combining data-driven, hydrodynamic, and economic models, we quantify the magnitude, spatial distribution, and economic damages associated with flood teleconnections for a large river network system with extensive levees. We find that due to levees, the 100-year flood inundation extent grows by 25% of the total levee-protected area regionally, and the flood inundation depth increases by up to 2 m at specific locations. Levees also increase the vulnerability of unprotected, marginalized communities to flooding. Our results demonstrate that flood teleconnections are spatially widespread, involve unaccounted costs, and can lead to flood inequities. These findings will be critical to climate adaptation efforts in flood-prone regions.
Age Estimation and Gender Attribution in Typically Developing Children and Children With Dysarthria
Authors: Haas Elisabet , Ziegler Wolfram , Schölderle Theresa 
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

The purposes of this study were (a) to investigate adult listeners' perceptions of age and gender in typically developing children and children with dysarthria and (b) to identify predictors of their estimates among auditory-perceptual parameters and an acoustic measure of vocal pitch (
F
0). We aimed to evaluate the influence of dysarthria on the listeners' impressions of age and gender against the background of typical developmental processes.

Method:

In a listening experiment, adult listeners completed age and gender estimates of 144 typically developing children (3–9 years of age) and 25 children with dysarthria (5–9 years of age). The Bogenhausen Dysarthria Scales for Childhood Dysarthria (BoDyS-KiD) were applied to record speech samples and to complete auditory-perceptual judgments covering all speech subsystems. Furthermore, each child's mean
F
0 was determined from samples of four BoDyS-KiD sentences.

Results:
Age estimates for the typically developing children showed a regression to the mean, whereas children with dysarthria were systematically underestimated in their age. The estimates of all children were predicted by developmental speech features; for the children with dysarthria, specific dysarthria symptoms had an additional effect. We found a significantly higher accuracy of gender attribution in the typically developing children than in the children with dysarthria. The prediction accuracy of the listeners' gender attribution in the preadolescent children by the included speech characteristics was limited.

Conclusions:
Children with dysarthria are more difficult to estimate for their age and gender than their typically developing peers. Dysarthria thus alters the auditory-perceptual impression of indexical speech features in children, which must be considered another facet of the communication disorder associated with childhood dysarthria.
Evaluating Anterior and Posterior Oral Tongue Contributions to Pressure Generation: A Comparison Between Regular and Effortful Saliva Swallows
Authors: Bahia Mariana M. , Lowell Soren Y. 
Published: February 2024

Purpose:
This study determined the contributions of the anterior and posterior tongue regions in tongue pressure generation during regular saliva swallows (SSs) and effortful swallows (ESs) completed under two different instructions. The association between tongue pressure and perceived effort to swallow was also examined.

Method:

Forty healthy adults without swallowing disorders participated in this study, divided into two age groups: 20 younger (
M
age
= 21.95 years,
SD
= 4.43) and 20 older (
M
age
= 70.10 years,
SD
= 4.30). Simultaneous data acquisition involved submental surface electromyography, tongue manometry, and a visual analog scale across swallowing conditions (SS, ES with tongue emphasis, and ES with pharyngeal squeezing). The main outcome measures were tongue pressure during swallowing and perceived effort to swallow.

Results:

Overall tongue pressure during ESs with tongue emphasis and with pharyngeal squeezing was greater than that during SSs (
R
2
= .78,
p
< .001). Moreover, tongue pressure during the ES with tongue emphasis was greater than that during the ES with pharyngeal squeezing (
t
= 25.63,
p
< .001). The posterior tongue region generated more pressure during SSs (
R
2
= .64,
p
< .001) and the ES with tongue emphasis (
R
2
= .55,
p
< .001) than the anterior tongue. Finally, a positive correlation was found between perceived effort and tongue pressure during swallowing (
r
= .75, 95% CI [0.72, 0.77]).

Conclusions:
Tongue pressure generation was affected by the type of instruction used to elicit ESs, and the posterior tongue showed relatively greater pressure contributions than the anterior tongue for ESs with tongue emphasis and SSs. Furthermore, age-related declines in pressure generation during swallowing were not evidenced in this study, underscoring the ability of healthy older individuals to appropriately modulate lingual pressure during ESs. Last, our results showed that the visual analog scale is a simple tool for rating swallowing effort during ESs, supporting its potential clinical use to train ESs.
On rate performance of M‐ary amplitude shift keying compact ultra massive array systems for massive connectivity
Authors: Wong Kai‐Kit , Chae Chan‐Byoung , Zhang Yangyang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCompact ultra massive array (CUMA) is a new form of the emerging fluid antenna system where a huge number of flexible‐position antennas are selected to produce the output signal. By making sure that the in‐phase channels (similarly for the quadrature channels) of the desired signal at the selected antenna ports align, it builds an advantage of the desired signal over the interference. It is known that CUMA as a multiple access scheme is able to deal with hundreds of users on the same channel use, in the case of rich scattering, if binary phase shift keying is considered. It is nevertheless unclear if higher‐level modulation can bring even greater network rate in this extreme massive connectivity scenario. This letter investigated this situation by presenting the average data rate expression of CUMA when M‐ary amplitude shift keying is used, assuming a binary symmetric channel. Numerical results reveal that M‐ary amplitude shift keying can indeed raise the rate performance considerably.
Fault recovery strategy for urban distribution networks using soft open points
Authors: Lan Liangsheng , Liu Guangqi , Zhu Sitong , Hou Min , Liu Xinrui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the frequent occurrence of natural disasters has seriously threatened the security and stability of distribution networks. Amidst these natural disasters, researchers have increasingly focused on ensuring fault recovery in distribution networks. Soft open points (SOPs) are new types of power electronic devices that can effectively recover faults in distribution networks. When a fault occurs, SOPs can quickly block and isolate fault short‐circuit current, provide power access to non‐fault areas, and optimise the power flow of distribution networks. Based on the critical role of distributed generation (DG) power supply in fault recovery, this study proposes a method that leverages the synergistic capabilities of SOPs and DG to recover faults in distribution networks. By employing a binary particle swarm optimisation algorithm, this method effectively improves load recovery, reduces the number of switching operations, and minimises network loss. The proposed method was simulated and verified using the IEEE 33‐node and 99‐node systems.
DC fast charging stations for electric vehicles: A review
Authors: Sawant Vikram , Zambare Pallavi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe expansion of the DC fast‐charging (DCFC) network is expected to accelerate the transition to sustainable transportation by offering drivers additional charging options for longer journeys. However, DCFC places significant stress on the grid, leading to costly system upgrades and high monthly operational expenses. Incorporating energy storage into DCFC stations can mitigate these challenges. This article conducts a comprehensive review of DCFC station design, optimal sizing, location optimization based on charging/driver behaviour, electric vehicle charging time, cost of charging, and the impact of DC power on fast‐charging stations. The review is closely aligned with current state‐of‐the‐art technologies and encompasses academic research contributions. A critical assessment of 146 research articles published from 2000 to 2023 identifies research gaps and explores avenues for future study based on the literature review.