bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simple design of broadband tapered leaky‐wave antenna
Authors: Losito Onofrio 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA new layout of leaky‐wave antennas based on tapered design has been proposed and investigated. The new curve tapered leaky‐wave antenna (LWA) was designed running a simple procedure which use an FDTD code, and using a physical grounding structure along the length of the antenna, which allows to use only half of the structure, the adoption of a simple feeding, and the reduction of sidelobes. The good performance of this new tapered microstrip LWA are mainly wider band of 33% for VSWR <2, higher gain (12 dBi) and higher efficiency (up to 85%). Moreover if the relative dielectric constant of the substrate approaches 1 (ϵr=ϵ0), the leaky wave antenna bandwidth becomes much wider improving its performance. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2833–2838, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22860
Electromagnetic propagation in unbounded inhomogeneous chiral media using the coupled mode method
Authors: Gómez Álvaro , Barba Ismael , Cabeceira Ana C. L. , Represa José , Vegas Angel , Solano Miguel Ángel 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe coupled mode method (CMM) is a seminumerical method for studying electromagnetic propagation, originally formulated for closed structures. We show how this method can be used for obtaining the propagation constants and electromagnetic field in unbounded isotropic chiral media. We also characterize single and periodic cascade discontinuities made of isotropic chiral slabs by means of the mode matching method combined with the CMM. The results are tested with a robust FDTD technique, modified to model bi‐isotropic media and with analytical solutions. In all cases good agreement is found. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2771–2779, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22863
The band‐notch function for a compact coplanar waveguide‐fed super‐wideband printed monopole
Authors: Yan Xiao‐Rong , Zhong Shun‐Shi , Wang Guo‐Yu 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA compact rectangular monopole antenna fed by a tapered coplanar waveguide (CPW) with a band‐notch function is proposed for super‐wideband (SWB) applications. A U‐shaped slot is cut in the radiation patch to obtain the band‐notch function and its parameters are studied in detail. It is shown that the band‐notched function can be realized by controlling the location of the U‐shaped slot and the notched band can be changed by adjusting the length and the width of the slot. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed antenna has a stop‐band of 5.07–5.85 GHz and a super‐wideband from 0.595 to 8.95 GHz (15:1) for VSWR ≤2. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2769–2771, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22864
A novel compact reconfigurable polarization and pattern antenna
Authors: Chen Wenhua , Sun Jiawen , Feng Zhenghe 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA novel reconfigurable polarization and pattern antenna with sandwich‐like structure has been proposed. Two crossed slots in ground planes are employed to implement polarizations and patterns reconfiguration by switching the PIN diodes. Simulation and measurement results show this antenna achieved two orthogonal linear polarizations and steered unidirectional radiation patterns. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2802–2805, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22865
A novel circular grooved and ridged waveguide phase shifter with dielectric loading
Authors: Wen Yongwu 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA novel circular grooved and ridged waveguide phase shifter with dielectric‐loading is proposed, fabricated, and discussed in this article. Both experimental and numerical results obtained show that the proposed circular grooved and ridged waveguide phase shifter, when compared with the conventional one, has larger differential phase shift, smaller length, and no obviously changed insertion loss. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2793–2795, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22878
Measurement on infrared radiation burning temperature field with moiré deviation tomography
Authors: Hongbing Yao , Xia Ye , Jun Zhou , Anzhi He 
Published: August 2007

AbstractMoiré deviation tomography is proposed in this article to measure the infrared radiation temperature field generated by the burning pyrotechnic compositions. High‐speed photography is used as the sampling method in this measurement. The results indicate that, due to its unique merits of noncontact, strong antiinterference, and large range, moiré deviation tomography provides a new way for the measurement of high‐temperature, high‐brightness, and transient field. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2761–2763, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22879
Multi‐band rectangular microstrip antennas
Authors: Deshmukh Amit A. , Ray K. P. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractConfigurations with slotted rectangular microstrip antennas using rectangular slot and half U‐slot cut inside the patch for multi‐band operation are proposed. Also, the multi‐port network models for these multi‐band rectangular microstrip antennas are proposed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2757–2761, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22880
A circular CPW‐FED slot antenna for broadband circularly polarized radiation
Authors: Deng I‐Chung , Chen Jin‐Bo , Ke Qing‐Xiang , Chang Jun‐Rong , Chang Woon‐Fa , King Yueh‐Tsu 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe design of a circular slot antenna for obtaining broadband circularly polarized (CP) radiation using a coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed is presented. The operation of the proposed antenna is achieved by protruding metallic mono‐strip from the circular ground plane towards the slot center at ϕ = 0° and feeding antenna using a 50‐Ω CPW with a protruded single strip at ϕ = 270°. In this design, the impedance bandwidth and 3 dB axial‐ratio bandwidth can reach as large as 50 and 36%, respectively. The peak of antenna gain is about 3.9 dBi, with gain variations <1 dBi for the frequencies within CP bandwidth. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2728–2733, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22881
Properties of multiple gaps microstrip filter with fractal metallic patterns
Authors: Wang Sheng , Guo Ming Sen , Chan H. L. W. , Zhao Xing‐Zhong 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn this study, we demonstrate a multiple‐gaps resonator filter, consisting of a multilayer structure with a fractal metallic pattern, that can tune the resonant frequencies of the multiple gaps. It is found that the resonant frequency of the gaps shifts to low frequencies with the increase of fractal patterns dimension. The experimental observations are in good agreement with the simulated results using the finite difference time domain method. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2726–2728, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22882
Genetic algorithm optimized printed UWB sickle‐shape dipolar antenna with stable radiation pattern
Authors: Chan C. H. , Yeung S. H. , Chan W. S. , Man K. F. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA double sided sickle‐shape printed dipolar antenna optimized using genetic algorithm is proposed. The proposed antenna has a wide impedance bandwidth and small variations in radiation pattern and gain across the entire UWB frequency range. This can be used in multi‐band, OFDM and impulse radio modulation schemes, making it suitable for UWB triple mode use. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2695–2697, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22883
A PHEMT diode single‐balanced mixer for K/K‐band application
Authors: Lin Che‐Hung , Liu Hong‐Zhi , Chu Chen‐Kuo , Huang Hou‐Kuei , Liu Chi‐Chuan , Chang Ching‐Hsueh , Wu Chang‐Luen , Chang Chian‐Sern , Wang Yeong‐Her 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA single‐balanced mixer for operation in the microwave‐ and millimeter‐wave bands is presented. This monolithic microwave‐integrated circuit was implemented on AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs pseudomorphic high‐electron‐mobility transistor process with a chip size of 2.11 × 1.54 mm2. This mixer employs a planar Marchand balun and a low‐pass filter for isolating three ports corresponding to RF, LO, and IF ports. The best upconversion loss is 8 dB with an LO‐to‐RF isolation better than 30 dB. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2692–2694, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22884
Pharmakologie der 5‐HT3‐Antagonisten. Historie und neue Entwicklungen
Authors: Rex André , Bert Bettina , Fink Heidrun 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWerden wir gefragt, welche Arzneimittel primär und hauptsächlich am serotonergen Transmissionssystem angreifen, so fallen uns auf Anhieb nicht wenige ein: Es werden die Selektiven Serotonin‐Wiederaufnahmehemmer (SSRI) wie Fluoxetin oder auch das klassische trizyklische Antidepressivum Clomipramin an vorderer Stelle genannt.
Cannabinoide zur Behandlung von Übelkeit und Erbrechen. Vom Zauberkraut zum Antiemetikum
Authors: Kreutz Susanne 
Published: August 2007

AbstractZusammenfassend bleibt festzuhalten, dass Cannabinoide (Dronabinol, Nabilon) zur Behandlung von Übelkeit und Erbrechen nach Chemotherapie eingesetzt werden können. Die Wirksamkeit wurde in zahlreichen Studien zweifelsfrei belegt.Dagegen ist die antiemetische Wirksamkeit in anderen Indikationsbereichen nicht ausreichend belegt. Dies betrifft insbesondere die Anwendung bei postoperativer Übelkeit und Erbrechen sowie die Anwendung nach Strahlentherapie.Cannabinoide sind demnach keine Mittel der ersten Wahl, wohl aber wertvolle Arzneimittel zur Behandlung von Patienten, die mit Setronen und klassischen Antiemetika nicht ausreichend behandelt werden können.
Influence of Wetting Parameters on Particle Growth in Fluidized‐Bed Coating and Agglomeration Processes
Authors: Saleh Khashayar , Guigon Pierre 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThis work presents the results of an experimental study concerning the fluidized bed coating of spherical solid particles by injection of an aqueous solution of lactose. The objective was to study the influence of the wetting parameters on the coating efficiency and the growth rate. Two methods were applied to modify the wetting parameters of the solid‐liquid couples used. The first one consisted of the addition of a determined quantity of a surface agent into the coating liquid and the second involved the modification of the surface of solid particles by chemical treatment, i.e., silanization. The former allows the alteration of the superficial tension of the liquid but also affects the liquid‐solid contact angle, whereas the latter increases the contact angle without changing any other property of the solid or liquid. The results showed that the coating efficiency has a tendency to decrease by increasing the contact angle, θ, at constant liquid surface tension, γLV. However, the effect of the liquid surface tension is less obvious mainly because this parameter cannot be modified without affecting the contact angle. Although the coating efficiency was found to increase with adhesion energy (γLV(1+cos θ)) it has been established that the relationship between these two parameters is not linear. Additional considerations based on geometrical features with regard to the spreading of liquid droplets onto the solids surface, permit the explanation and linearization of the variations of the coating efficiency. In addition, for contact angles higher than 90°, a drastic decrease in the efficiency was observed. This phenomenon was explained by rebound phenomena which take place during droplet‐substrate collisions.The variations in the growth rate according to the contact angle and the liquid surface tension seem controversial. Nevertheless, the variation of this parameter seems to be directly related to interparticulate forces resulting from liquid bridges.
The Electrostatic Force Between a Partially Charged Dielectric Particle and a Conducting Plane
Authors: Matsuyama Tatsushi , Yamamoto Hideo 
Published: August 2007

AbstractUsing the reexpansion technique, the interaction between a conducting plane and a partially charged dielectric particle is studied for an axisymmetric case including the effects of the higher order polarization. The partial charge on a particle surface is seen to redistribute, apparently due to the polarization which occurs even though the particle is an insulator. The redistribution depends on the dielectric constant and on the gap between the particle and the conducting plane. In some instances, the charge redistributes on to the back side of the particle against the conducting plane, and as a result, the electrostatic interaction decreases simply by an increase of the dielectric constant. This is seen to be especially obvious in the case of a small initially charged area or patch that is positioned against a conducting plane, and when the particle is located in a gap of a certain size. The electrostatic interaction decreases with an increase of the dielectric constant within a certain range, even when the particle is in contact with the conducting plane, e.g., in the case of a small initially charged area. Because this range of the dielectric constant is equivalent to that of a normal polymer, these effects could result in a large error in the estimation of the electrostatic interactions in the case of the normal approximation of the contact electrification of a particle.
Why does the World Need a True Triaxial Tester?
Authors: Janssen Richard , Verwijs Marco 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe necessity for intensified research in the field of powder flow behavior is illustrated in this paper. It is argued that recent developments with respect to discrete element modeling, measurement techniques (AFM) and multidisciplinary approaches are particularly helpful in the understanding of powder flow behavior. However, the capability for good experimental testing is also crucial. Therefore, the development of a True Triaxial Tester will be a very important step in the advancement of the field. It makes validation of hypotheses possible and it will challenge the outcome of DEM simulations. An important research topic for the utilization of the True Triaxial Tester would be anisotropy and the effect of structure, the missing parameter in current powder flow theory.
Opioid receptor‐like 1 (ORL1) receptor binding and the biological properties of Ac‐Arg‐Tyr‐Tyr‐Arg‐Ile‐Arg‐NH2and its analogs
Authors: Ambo A. , Kohara H. , Kawano S. , Sasaki Y. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractHexapeptides such as Ac‐Arg‐Tyr‐Tyr‐Arg‐Ile‐Lys‐NH2and Ac‐Arg‐Tyr‐Tyr‐Arg‐Trp‐Arg‐NH2have been isolated from a combinatorial peptide library as small peptide ligands for the opioid peptide‐like 1 (ORL1) receptor. To investigate the detailed structural requirements of hexapeptides, 25 analogs of these hexapeptides, based on the novel analog Ac‐Arg‐Tyr‐Tyr‐Arg‐Ile‐Arg‐NH2(1), were synthesized and tested for their ORL1 receptor affinity and agonist/antagonist activity on mouse vas deferens (MVD) tissues. Analog 1 and its Cit6‐analog (10) were found to possess high affinity to the ORL1 receptor, comparable to that of nociceptin/orphanin FQ, and exhibited potent antagonist activity (pA2values of 7.77 for 1 and 7.51 for 10, which are higher than that of [NPhe1]nociceptin(1–13)‐NH2(6.90) on MVD assay. It was also found that the amino acid residue in position 5 plays a key role in agonist/antagonist activity, i.e. anL‐configuration aliphatic amino acid is required for potent antagonist activity, while a nonchiral orD‐configuration residue produces potent agonist activity. These lines of evidence may provide insight into the mechanisms controlling agonist/antagonist switching in the ORL1 receptor, and may also serve to help developing more potent ORL1 agonists and antagonists. Copyright © 2007 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sulfation of synthetic linear primary alcohols with chlorosulfonic acid
Authors: Sosis P. , Dringoli L. J. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThis laboratory optimization program was undertaken to describe a method for sulfating linear primary synthetic alcohols with chlorosulfonic acid. Several alcohol blends, containing carbon lengths from C12 to C16, were studied. These products find applications in cosmetic and shampoo formulations. A number of quality factors (color, odor, free unsulfated alcohol), demanded by this market, are discussed and comparisons to industry wide standards are made. Some of the operating parameters detailed in this work are: mole ratio of alcohol to acid; rate of reaction; reaction temperature; post reaction sparge time; sparging conditions and reaction time. It was shown that the color, of a finished triethanolamine salt based on Alfol 1216 SP alcohol, was significantly improved by proper sparging of the reaction mixture. Further, the color passed through a maximum during this final step. It was also demonstrated that dry air is functional in this quality improvement, while nitrogen seems to be inert.
Correlation of solubility data: IV. Prediction of solubilities of homologous and analogous long chain compounds in related solvents
Authors: Skau Evald L. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA new method of correlation and prediction of solubility data for long chain compounds is described. It is based on the linear relationship between 1/Ta and 1/Tr derived from the freezing point depression equation. Ta and Tr represent temperatures in degrees Kelvin at which the mole % solubility of a compound, a, in a given solvent is the same as that of an analogous reference compound, r, in a related solvent. The validity of the method has been confirmed by applying it to the extensive literature data on the solubilities of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Four families of related solvents were examined: (a) benzene, hexane, cyclohexane, chlorobenzene,o‐xylene and toluene; (b) acetone, butanone, ethyl acetate and butyl acetate; (c) isopropanol, 95% ethanol, butanol,p‐dioxane and diethyl ether; and (d) carbon tetrachloride and 1,2‐chloroethane. Complete solubility data for a compound can be predicted from the linear 1/Ta vs. 1/Tr plot based on the melting point and one experimental solubility determination.
Developmental changes in fatty acid composition of oil in kernel fractions of corn (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Jellum M. D. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractGas liquid chromatography was used to determine the change in fatty acid composition of oil from three kernel fractions (pericarp, endosperm and germ) during kernel maturation of four inbred lines of corn. Inbred lines were sibpollinated, and sampling of ears began six days after pollination (DAP) and continued at three day intervals until 33 DAP and then at weekly intervals until 54 DAP. Proportion of palmitic acid in the pericarp oil rapidly decreased between 6 and 12 DAP while oleic and linoleic acids increased during the same period. Changes in fatty acid composition of oil from the endosperm during kernel maturation were erratic and no consistent trends were evident. In the germ oil, palmitic and linolenic acid proportions decreased during kernel maturation, while oleic acid decreased and linoleic acid increased during kernel maturation for three of the four inbred lines. By about 24 to 27 DAP, the fatty acid composition of oil in the mature kernel was established. Since kernel fractions are of different genetic origin, a study of developmental changes in lipid classes or in fatty acid composition of oil should be limited within kernel fractions that have a similar genetic constitution.
Interaction of tocored with unsaturated fatty esters
Authors: Komoda Mamoru , Harada Ichiro 
Published: August 2007

AbstractTocored, an oxidation product of tocopherol and its model, 2,2,7,8‐tetramethyl‐5,6‐chromanquinone reacted with methyl linoleate at an elevated temperature to form an adduct with isomerized linoleate. Oxidation of tocored in fatty esters produced a variety of products, depending on the degree of unsaturation of the esters. With methyl palmitate no addition product was detected but tocopurple and tocoreddimer were identified as minor products irrespective of the degree of saturation. A mechanism involving the interaction of tocored with lipid radicals to yield an adduct as the consequence of antioxidative action of tocored is postulated.
The sugars of safflower
Authors: Saunders R. M. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractExamination of sugars in safflower hull and kernel revealed sucrose and raffinose to be predominent, with smaller amounts ofd‐glucose andd‐fructose. Galactinol (1‐O‐a‐d‐galactopyranosylmyoinositol) and other carbohydrate material which appear to contai uronic acids, fucose, glucose, fructose and arabinose, were also present.
Sunflower processing technique
Authors: Pierce R. M. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA great deal of interest has recently been shown in sunflower seed as an oilseed erop. The introduction of new Russian seed varieties with higher oil content have helped to stimulate this interest, particularly in the flax and cottonseed growing areas. This paper presents background material pertinent to the subject of sunflower processing. Such things as seed structure, oil and meal quality and certain economic considerations are included. Processing techniques currently used are discussed and comparisons made with the processing of other oilseeds. Brief mention is made of storage and handling of the seeds, meal and oil. Extraction is discussed briefly, but since it is successful only if the seed is properly prepared, seed preparation and handling prior to extraction are stressed. Sunflower seeds are nearly 30% hulls and these hulls are high in crude fiber content. For this reason, dehulling and hull separation practices are important aspects of processing sunflowers. Expeller operating variables are also important where prepressing is part of the process. These processes are stressed. Direct solvent extraction and prepress solvent extraction methods are currently being used successfully. Features of both methods and their applicability are discussed along with seed preparation needed for each method.
3‐cis‐hexenal, the “Green” reversion flavor of soybean oil
Authors: Hoffmann G. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBy means of gas‐liquid‐chromatography the neutral volatile products obtained by stripping oxidized soybean oil were fractionated.The fraction with “green bean” odor (a well‐known offflavor of soybean oil) was investigated. By the application of various methods it was possible to isolate the flavor carrier proper and, in spite of its small amount, to complete the analysis to a point at which the structure 3‐cis‐hexenal seemed highly probable. Synthesis and subsequent comparison with the natural product confirmed the correctness of the assumption.n‐Hexanal and 3‐trans‐hexenal, also found in this fraction, play no significant role in the reversion flavor.
The separation of phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl serine by column chromatography
Authors: Rouser George , O'Brien John , Heller Dorothy 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA method for the complete separation and apparent quantitative recovery of both phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl serine from lipid extracts of beef brain is presented. Evidence for the purity, quantitative recovery, and the suitability of the technique for the subsequent analysis of the fatty acid and fatty aldehyde composition of the phospholipids is described.