bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding family dynamics of obesity: Do parents and children lose and gain weight together?
Authors: Chan Karina M. , Rahem Sarra M. , Teo Hugo O. , Curcio Joan , Mushiyev Savi , Faillace Robert , Bochner Risa , Bargman Renee , Raiszadeh Farbod 
Published: April 2024

SummaryBackgroundObesity is prevalent among children and adults. Yet, understanding the relationship between parent and child weight trajectories is limited.Objective(1) Examine the association between parent/child undesirable body mass index (BMI) category change. (2) Assess whether parental BMI category predicts child modified BMI z‐score (mBMIz) annual change.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study of weight trajectories of 3821 parent–child dyads between March 2020 and December 2021 within the NYC Health + Hospitals system. Undesirability of child and parental BMI category change and the magnitude of mBMIz change by parental BMI are analysed.ResultsOf 3821 children (mean [SD] baseline age, 9.84 [3.51]), 1889 were female. Of the 3220 parents (mean [SD] baseline age, 39.9 [8.51]), 2988 were female. Most children (53.52%) and parents (81.94%) presented with overweight and obesity. Undesirable BMI change in children was associated with concordant change in parents (adjusted OR: 1.7, 95% CI [1.45, 2.01], adjusted p < 0.001). Children of parents with obesity (adjusted coef: 0.076, 95% CI [0.004, 0.147], p < 0.038) and severe obesity (adjusted coef: 0.1317, 95% CI [0.024, 0.239], adjusted p < 0.016) demonstrated greater change in mBMIz than those of parents with normal weight or underweight.ConclusionParents and children have concordant weight trajectories, and public health interventions targeting both populations are essential.
Study on the risk factors of postoperative wound complications in patients with ankle fracture
Authors: Xiao Ben , Lu Meng , Chen Xiaobin , Qiu Daojing , He Yuanming , Li Xuejun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWound complications after surgery for ankle fractures can lead to catastrophic consequences. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors of postoperative wound complications in patients with ankle fracture and to determine their effects on prognosis. 200 patients with ankle fracture treated in our hospital from October 2021 to December 2023 were analysed retrospectively. The total incidence of postoperative wound complications was 19% (38/200). Type of complications: wound edge necrosis 15 cases (39.47%), dehiscence (reopening of wound) 13 cases (34.21%), delayed healing (>30 days) 10 cases (26.32%); Univariate analysis showed that patients' age, body mass index (BMI), current smoking, alcoholism, diabetes mellitus, injury mechanism, open fracture, wound classification, higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score and operation time were all associated with postoperative wound complications. Multivariate Logistic regression model shows: age ≥60 years old OR3.671 (1.875–5.937), BMI OR1.198 (1.143–1.324), current smoking OR2.727 (1.251–5.602), alcoholism OR1.143 (1.034–1.267), complicated with diabetes OR2.763 (1.236–4.852), injury mechanism (high vs. low and medium energy) OR2.437 (1.238–4.786), open fracture OR1.943 (1.8262.139), wound classification (II vs. I) OR4.423 (1.73511.674), ASA score (III–IV vs. I–II) OR1.307 (1.113–2.194) was an independent risk factor for postoperative wound complications in patients with ankle fracture. Further, ROC curves showed that these nine independent influences had high accuracy and validity in predicting postoperative wound complications in patients with ankle fractures. In conclusion, independent risk factors for postoperative complications of ankle fracture were age >60 years, BMI, injury mechanism, open fracture, wound classification (II vs. I), ASA score, current smoking, and alcoholism. The wound classification (II vs. I) has the highest diagnostic value.
The effects of systemic diseases, genetic disorders and lifestyle on keloids
Authors: Xia Guangpeng , Dohi Teruyuki , Abdelhakim Mohamed , Tosa Mamiko , Ogawa Rei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractKeloid are a fibroproliferative disorder caused by abnormal healing of skin, specifically reticular dermis, when subjected to pathological or inflammatory scars demonstrating redness, elevation above the skin surface, extension beyond the original wound margins and resulting in an unappealing cosmetic appearance. The severity of keloids and risk of developing keloids scars are subjected to elevation by other contributing factors such as systemic diseases, general health conditions, genetic disorders, lifestyle and natural environment. In particular, recently, daily physical work interpreted into mechanical force as well as the interplay between mechanical factors such as stress, strain and stiffness have been reported to strongly modulate the cellular behaviour of keloid formation, affect their location and shape in keloids. Herein, we review the extensive literature on the effects of these factors on keloids and the contributing predisposing mechanisms. Early understanding of these participating factors and their effects in developing keloids may raise the patient awareness in preventing keloids incidence and controlling its severity. Moreover, further studies into their association with keloids as well as considering strategies to control such factors may help clinicians to prevent keloids and widen the therapeutic options.
Transforming outcome expectations into retention among hospital nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Huang Tzu‐Ling , Chang Hao‐Yuan , Huang Min , Wong Alice May‐Kuen , Yu Wen‐Pin , Cheng T. C. E. , Teng Ching‐I 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo examine the main effects and interaction effects of outcome expectations (e.g., anticipated satisfactory salary and benefits), nurse identity (a sense of membership in the nursing profession), and information‐access efficiency of the electronic medical record system (how the system enables nurses to quickly retrieve the needed information) on nurses' retention.DesignThis study uses a cross‐sectional survey and adopts proportionate random sampling to recruit a representative sample of nurses of a medical centre in Taiwan.MethodsThis study successfully obtained completed questionnaires from 430 nurses during December 2021 to January 2022. Data are analysed by using hierarchical regressions.ResultsPositive outcome expectations and identification as a member in the nursing profession are associated with retention. Information‐access efficiency strengthens the link between outcome expectations and retention, while nurse identity weakens this link.ConclusionOutcome expectations can help retain nurses, particularly those who perceive high levels of information‐access efficiency and possess weak nurse identity. That is, outcome expectations have a complementary role with nurse identity in retaining nurses.Implications for the ProfessionNurse managers should devise means to build positive outcome expectations for nurses. In addition, either strengthening nurses' identification with the nursing profession or improving the information‐access efficiency of the electronic medical system may also help retain nurses.ImpactThis study examined how to transform outcome expectation to nurse retention, offering nurse managers to devise new means to retain nurses.Reporting MethodSTROBE statement was chosen as EQUATOR checklist.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Virtually meeting “The Intouchables”: Online contact, sense of community, and prejudice toward people with a disability
Authors: Cocco Veronica M. , Lucarini Alice , White Fiona A. , Vezzali Loris 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrejudice toward people with a disability remains an unchallenged global problem. This cross‐sectional study investigated online intergroup contact involving university students without disability (N = 107), participating within a social program aimed at fostering the social inclusion of people with a disability. We tested two separate path models, where positive and negative online contact were the predictors (controlling for positive and negative offline contact), sense of community was the mediator, while social distance from, and attitudes toward people with disability, were the outcome variables. Results showed that greater positive (but not negative) online contact was associated with more positive evaluations and lower social distance toward people with a disability, via heightened sense of community.
GHITM regulates malignant phenotype and sensitivity to PD‐1 blockade of renal cancer cells via Notch signalling
Authors: Huang Shiyu , Liu Jiachen , Hu Juncheng , Hou Yanguang , Hu Min , Zhang Banghua , Luo Hongbo , Fu Shujie , Chen Yujie , Liu Xiuheng , Chen Zhiyuan , Wang Lei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGrowth hormone inducible transmembrane protein (GHITM), one member of Bax inhibitory protein‐like family, has been rarely studied, and the clinical importance and biological functions of GHITM in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) still remain unknown. In the present study, we found that GHITM was downregulated in KIRC. Aberrant GHITM downregulation related to clinicopathological feature and unfavourable prognosis of KIRC patients. GHITM overexpression inhibited KIRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, GHITM overexpression could induce the downregulation of Notch1, which acts as an oncogene in KIRC. Overexpression of Notch1 effectively rescued the inhibitory effect induced by GHITM upregulation. More importantly, GHITM could regulate PD‐L1 protein abundance and ectopic overexpression of GHITM enhanced the antitumour efficiency of PD‐1 blockade in KIRC, which provided new insights into antitumour therapy. Furthermore, we also showed that YY1 could decrease GHITM level via binding to its promoter. Taken together, our study revealed that GHITM was a promising therapeutic target for KIRC, which could modulate malignant phenotype and sensitivity to PD‐1 blockade of renal cancer cells via Notch signalling pathway.
Analysis of the occurrence of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, in the winter season on the southwestern islands of Japan using the insect's strontium radiogenic isotope ratio (87Sr/86Sr)
Authors: Hidaka Naoya , Sanada‐Morimura Sachiyo , Akiduki Gaku , Oyadomari Takashi , Higa Shinta , Kinjo Kunio , Ikenoue Yuuki , Shin Ki‐Cheol , Tayasu Ichiro , Otuka Akira 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSpodoptera frugiperda, an invasive pest insect that targets maize and other crops, first arrived in Japan in the summer of 2019. This species occurs year‐round in East Asian subtropical regions such as southern mainland China and the island of Taiwan, where the mean air temperature in the coldest month is above 10°C. Adults are similarly found throughout the year on the southwestern islands of Japan. Trap monitoring there showed continuous or intermittent S. frugiperda catches in the three winter seasons since 2019. However, it was difficult to distinguish between immigrants arriving from these neighbouring areas and local individuals occurring on each Japanese island. In this study, the possible natal origin of captured insects on five small islands (Yonagunijima, Taramajima, Okinawajima, Amamioshima and Tanegashima) was determined by investigating the strontium radiogenic isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) and comparing them with those of reference hosts and insects. Since trapping data and the 87Sr/86Sr values of trapped insects didn't support S. frugiperda's winter breeding on the northernmost island, Tanegashima, further analysis was limited to the four southern islands. The 87Sr/86Sr values of reference host plants and reared insects on the four islands ranged from 0.70929 to 0.71009, while those of catch insects ranged from 0.70885 to 0.71090. The 87Sr/86Sr values of the catch insects and the reference on the four islands did not differ significantly. In addition, the monthly averages of daily mean air temperature in January and February 2020–2022 were above 10°C, and the wind direction at the surface was mostly from the northeast or northwest. These pieces of evidence, together with winter host availability, suggested that S. frugiperda occurs year‐round on the islands. In other words, the year‐round occurrence area of S. frugiperda in East Asia extends to the Japanese southwestern islands below Amamioshima Island.
Betamethasone transdermal administration combined with fractional Er:YAG lasers or microplasma radiofrequency technology improved hypertrophic scars: A retrospective study
Authors: Liu Liu , Li Huizheng , Zhang Wen , Cao Mo , Yu Lisha , Cheng Xingjian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis retrospective study aims to compare the efficacy rates in treating hypertrophic scars among four distinct groups of patients who either underwent fractional Erbium: yttrium‐aluminum‐garnet (Er:YAG) laser or microplasma radiofrequency technology as standalone treatments or in combination with compound betamethasone transdermal administration.MethodThe study retrospectively examined 208 patients treated at our institution from April 2011 to December 2022 for hypertrophic scars, receiving no less than three treatments (with an interval of 8 weeks between each). The patients were categorized into four groups: the F group (treated with fractional Er:YAG laser), the F + B group (treated with fractional Er:YAG laser combined with compound betamethasone transdermal administration), the P group (treated with microplasma radiofrequency technology), and the P + B group (treated with microplasma radiofrequency technology combined with compound betamethasone transdermal administration). The therapeutic effects were evaluated based on the changes in the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) scores before and after treatment in these groups.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in the VSS scores among the four groups before treatment. After undergoing three sessions of the aforementioned four types of treatment, all groups showed a decrease in VSS scores, with average posttreatment VSS scores for the F group scored 5.15 ± 2.084, F + B group scored 3.7 ± 1.781, P group scored 4.41 ± 1.933, and P + B group scored 3.16 ± 1.775, respectively. With an increasing number of treatments, the total effective rate gradually increased in all four groups, and the combination treatment using compound betamethasone transdermal administration proved more effective than the standalone treatment.ConclusionAll four treatments yielded favorable outcomes, with the combined therapy involving compound betamethasone transdermal administration proving more effective than the standalone treatments, meriting further clinical attention.
What do repatriation and reclamation sound like? Two examples from the Hopi Cultural Preservation Office
Authors: McElgunn Hannah 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWhen the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) was passed in 1990, it marked an important shift in relations between tribal communities and non‐tribal museums in the United States. By listening to how different speakers at the Hopi Cultural Preservation Office talk about repatriation and reclamation, we can see that these processes involve more than the return of ancestors and belongings; they also influence how people speak about and express group identity. In discussions about repatriation, Hopi community members frequently talk to outsiders and adjust to their ways of speaking, if only temporarily. I compare two instances in which speakers creatively used possessive constructions to convey different scales of identity and argue that Bakhtin's concept of “addressivity” illuminates connections between the two. More broadly, I suggest that this concept is useful for thinking about how relationships between tribal and non‐tribal institutions might continue to be transformed in ways that are responsive to contemporary Indigenous claims and presence.
Melatonin receptor structure and signaling
Authors: Okamoto Hiroyuki H. , Cecon Erika , Nureki Osamu , Rivara Silvia , Jockers Ralf 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMelatonin (5‐methoxy‐N‐acetyltryptamine) binds with high affinity and specificity to membrane receptors. Several receptor subtypes exist in different species, of which the mammalian MT1 and MT2 receptors are the best‐characterized. They are members of the G protein‐coupled receptor superfamily, preferentially coupling to Gi/o proteins but also to other G proteins in a cell‐context‐depending manner. In this review, experts on melatonin receptors will summarize the current state of the field. We briefly report on the discovery and classification of melatonin receptors, then focus on the molecular structure of human MT1 and MT2 receptors and highlight the importance of molecular simulations to identify new ligands and to understand the structural dynamics of these receptors. We then describe the state‐of‐the‐art of the intracellular signaling pathways activated by melatonin receptors and their complexes. Brief statements on the molecular toolbox available for melatonin receptor studies and future perspectives will round‐up this review.
Fasting and digestion exert opposite effects on collective behavior in goldfish across contexts
Authors: Zeng L.‐Q. , Fu S.‐J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAnimal groups are often composed of individuals with differences in their phenotypes (e.g. body size, personality, or internal nutritional state). Such differences in phenotypes between group mates can have significant consequences for the collective movement and behavior of a group. Here, we examined the effects of nutritional state and ecological context on the individual‐ and group‐level behaviors of groups of shoaling goldfish (Carassius auratus) across an open water environment, an environment with food, and an environment with food and refuge. Fish were randomly manipulated to be in one of three nutritional states (control: fasted for 24 h, fasting: fasted for 1 week, and digestion: 2 h after feeding) and comprised five group compositions: the all‐control (6 control fish), all‐fasting (6 fasted fish), all‐digestion (6 digesting fish), mixed con–fas (3 control fish and 3 fasted fish), and mixed con–dig treatment (3 control fish and 3 digesting fish). We found that compared to the control and fasted treatments, the fish in the digestion treatment had lower individual swimming speeds and nearest neighbor distances. However, group polarization was lower in the fasted treatment than in both the control and digestion treatments. For the two mixed treatments, individual and collective behaviors of the fish seemed to be intermediate in comparison to those of either the fasted or digestion treatments. Moreover, group‐level differences in collective behaviors were maintained across different contexts. All five treatments exhibited considerable context‐associated changes in collective behaviors, but behavioral repeatability was dependent on the nutritional state of the group composition. Our results suggest that nutritional state and ecological context influence both individual and collective behaviors and that fasting and digestion exert opposite effects on collective behaviors across ecological contexts.
Macrophage activation markers are associated with infection and mortality in patients with acute liver failure
Authors: Cavazza Anna , Triantafyllou Evangelos , Savoldelli Roberto , Mujib Salma , Jerome Ellen , Trovato Francesca M. , Artru Florent , Sheth Roosey , Huang Xiao Hong , Ma Yun , Dazzi Francesco , Pirani Tasneem , Antoniades Charalambos G. , Lee William M. , McPhail Mark J. , Karvellas Constantine J. ,   the US Acute Liver Failure Study Group
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsAcute liver failure is a multisystem disorder with a high mortality and frequent need for emergency liver transplantation. Following massive innate immune system activation, soluble markers of macrophage activation are released during liver damage and their association with disease severity and prognosis requires exploration.MethodsPatients ALF from the United States Acute Liver Failure Study Group (USALFSG, n = 224) and King's College Hospital (n = 40) together with healthy controls (HC, n = 50) were recruited. Serum from early (Days 1–3) and late (>Day 3) time points were analysed for MAMs by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay correlated to markers of illness severity and 21‐day spontaneous survival. Surface expression phenotyping was performed via Flow Cytometry on CD14+ monocytes.ResultsAll MAMs serum concentrations were significantly higher in ALF compared to controls (p < .0001). sCD206 concentration was higher in early and late stages of the disease in patients with bacteraemia (p = .002) and infection in general (p = .006). In MELD‐adjusted multivariate modelling, sCD206 and sCD163 were independently associated with mortality. CD14+ monocyte expression of CD206 (p < .001) was higher in patients with ALF compared with controls and correlated with SOFA score (p = .018). sCD206 was independently validated as a predictor of infection in an external cohort.ConclusionssCD206 is increased in serum of ALF patients with infections and poor outcome and is upregulated on CD14+ monocytes. Later measurements of sCD163 and sCD206 during the evolution of ALF have potential as mechanistic predictors of mortality. sCD206 should be explored as a biomarker of sepsis and mortality in ALF.
Are fishers captive labourers in reservoir fisheries? Examining governance models and economics in Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan, India
Authors: Bunkar Khemraj , Pachampalayam Shanmugam Ananthan , Qureshi Neha Wajahat , Chandrasekaran Sundaramoorthy , Sharma Laxmi Lal 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInland fisheries are a source of fish as well as livelihoods for as many as 82% of the total 28 million engaged in the Indian fisheries sector. Reservoir fisheries are a significant component but remain largely untapped, both as a potential resource for development as well as a site of academic interest. The importance of institutional arrangements in governing natural resources is fairly recognized. However, empirical examination of how governance regimes interact with and impact the economic benefits from natural resource extraction for its principal actors is less explored, at least in the Indian context. Through case studies of two uniquely located and differently governed fisheries of Gandhi Sagar (GS, Madhya Pradesh) and Rana Pratap Sagar (RPS, Rajasthan) reservoirs in the Chambal River valley, it investigates the (in)equity in benefit sharing among labour (fishers), capital (fishing contractor), and the management (custodian‐state). Neither a purely revenue model of reservoir fisheries governance in RPS nor a seemingly revenue cum welfare model in GS has enhanced the income of nearly 2590 small‐scale fishers above their subsistence levels, though the latter provides welfare benefits to its 2209 dependent fishers through cooperatives. Of the gross annual income of INR 13,874/ha in GS and INR 16,126/ha in RPS, the fishers have only one‐third share in both cases, while the fishing contractors have 22% (GS) and 34% (RPS), and the resource managers have 29% (GS) and 15% (RPS) share, with the remaining 15% (GS) and 18% (RPS) accounted for by other costs, making the benefit sharing arrangement inequitable for fishers. Two key reforms, immediate market‐linked upward revision of sale‐price at which fish caught by fishers are collected by the contractors (from INR 33/kg to INR 65/kg), and long‐term organization of fisher cooperatives as empowered collectives able to exercise their agency and co‐manage the resource, are essential to ensure the fishers do not become captive labourers.