bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment and characterization of a carrier cell culture producing high titres of polyoma JC virus
Authors: Nukuzuma Souichi , Yogo Yoshiaki , Guo Jing , Nukuzuma Chiyoko , Itoh Shigemi , Shinohara Toshiya , Nagashima Kazuo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis report concerns a carrier cell culture (designated JCI) infected persistently with JC virus (JCV). Immunostaining with an anti‐JCV antiserum revealed that JCI was a carrier culture in which only a small fraction of the cells (‐1.5%) produced the virus. The JCV titre was increased strikingly by incubating confluent JCI cells for 4‐6 days in medium containing a low concentration of fetal bovine serum (2%). Viral genomes cloned from the persistently infected JCI cells were heterogeneous with respect to size, but most clones had an alteration of the same regulatory region (designated CR‐JCI). Transfection experiments with a chimeric JCV DNA (Mad‐1/ CR‐JCI), in which the regulatory region was CR‐JCI and the other region was derived from an infectious JCV (Mad‐1) DNA, showed that CR‐JCI was less efficient in inducing viral growth than the regulatory regions of IMR‐32‐adapted JCVs. The transfected cells could be readily subcul‐tured, and they continued to produce JCV. It is concluded that a decrease in the activity of the JCV regulatory region is of importance for the maintenance of the carrier state of JCI cells. © Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular characterisation of small round structured viruses associated with gastroenteritis in South Africa
Authors: Wolfaardt Marianne , Taylor Maureen B. , Grabow Wilhelm O. K. , Cubitt W. David , Jiang Xi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe application of the reverse transcriptase poly‐ merase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) has enabled several morphologically and physically similar small round structured viruses (SRSVs), including the prototype Norwalk virus (NV), to be classified within the Caliciviridae. This technique, using primers directed to the RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase region within the ORF1 of NV, was used to characterise SRSVs associated with epidemic gastroenteritis in adults and sporadic paediatric gastroenteritis in South Africa. Ge‐nomic variation was investigated by sequence analysis of the amplified 209bp cDNA region from six isolates and comparison with other characterised SRSVs including NV. Antigenic variation was investigated by the use of the re‐combinant enzyme immunoassay described recently for the detection of Snow Mountain agent‐like antigen in stool specimens. Two distinct antigenic groups were evident with NV‐like viruses associated with adult gastroenteritis, and Mexico viruslike viruses associated with paediatric gastroenteritis. Viral isolates from two of the outbreaks of adult gastroenteritis showed a high degree of nucleotide sequence identity with NV, i.e., 84% and 98%, respectively, whereas the paediatric isolates showed 92‐95% sequence similarity with the Snow Mountain‐like virus, MxV. These data show concordance between antigenic and genomic analyses. © Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Emergence of hepatitis B virus S gene mutant in a liver transplant recipient
Authors: Cariani Elisabetta , Ravaggi Antonella , Tanzi Elisabetta , Romanò Luisa , Fiordalisi Gianfranco , Bellati Giorgio , Caccamo Lucio , Galmarini Dinangelo , Albertini Alberto , Zanetti Alessandro 
Published: March 2007

AbstractImmunological and genomic analysis of the “a” determinant was carried out in seven patients with concurrent HBsAg and anti‐HBs, four of whom were immunized against hepatitis B virus at liver transplant, two with histologically characterized chronic hepatitis B virus infection, and one HBsAg healthy carrier. The immune reactivity of the HBsAg “a” determinant was evaluated by binding to specific monoclonal antibodies, and the corresponding genomic sequence was studied by differential hybridization in microtiter plates and nucleotide sequence analysis. A double mutation generating an amino acid change (glycine to lysine) at residue 145, able to impair recognition by monoclonal antibodies, was observed in the post‐transplant serum from one patient. No significant alteration of the “a” determinant sequence or reactivity was detected in the other patients.Amino acid residue 145 appears therefore to be critical for the recognition by anti‐HBs antibodies. A previously undescribed glycine to lysine substitution at this level interferes with the immune reactivity of the “a” determinant. © Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of SA‐11 rotavirus receptorid structures on human colon carcinoma cell line HT‐29
Authors: Superti Fabiana , Donelli Gianfranco 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe involvement of different cell membrane components in the receptor structures for SA‐11 rotavirus was investigated. As experimental model, the human enterocyte‐like HT‐29 cell line, was used because of its closer resemblance to the in vivo viral cellular target as compared to other in vitro systems. Rotavirus was incubated with whole membranes or their separated protein and lipid fractions before infection. Either isolated cell membranes or lipid components were capable of binding to the virus and to prevent infection, whereas proteins did not show any inhibitory activity. Among lipids, the glycolipid fraction was shown to impede rotaviral antigen synthesis with a dose‐dependent relationship, whereas phospholipids failed to prevent viral infection. To confirm these findings, membranes and target cells were subjected to different enzymatic treatments prior to infection. In addition, HT‐29 cells were also incubated with different lectins before infection. The blocking activity of membranes was inhibited by treatment with ceramide glycanase, neuraminidase, and beta‐galactosidase but not by treatment with proteases or heat (100°C). Viral infection was prevented by preincubation of target cells with lectins specific for sialic acid and galactose or with ceramide glycanase, neuraminidase, and beta‐galactosidase, whereas protease treatments were not active. The results of these experimental procedures indicate that glycolipids containing specific carbohydrate moieties, such as sialic acid and galactose, contribute to the SA‐11 rotavirus receptor structure on HT‐29 cells. © Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bronchoscopic co2 laser surgery
Authors: Andrews Jr Albert H. , Horowitz Steven L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe problem of removing or palliating obstructing lesions of the trachea and bronchi has been solved by using the CO2 laser in conjunction with an endoscopic adaptor. We have used this laser successfully in 18 patients who had this particular problem. The advantages of laser surgery in this area are 1) reduced bleeding, 2) minimal exposure of the surgical field, 3) decreased swelling, 4) decreased postoperative hospital stay and less discomfort, and 5) no tumor spread or seeding. Patient acceptability of this modality is excellent, and general general, as well as local, anesthesia can be used. The results of laser ablation in the tracheobronchial tree have been quite satisfactory and can be repeated as often as necessary.
Pathological and physical investigations into co2 laser‐tissue interactions with specific emphasis on cervical intraepithelial neoplasm
Authors: Bellina Joseph H. , Seto Y. J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLaser tissue interactions were studied to relate the physical biothermal changes observed in treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasias. Confirmational changes in epithelium impacted with energies of 25 joules/cm2 were related to experimental and theoretical models. Analysis of cytology, histology, and SEM were compared to a mathematical model and experimental tissue model.The apparent distribution of vaporization and heating in cervical tissue was observed to be an oblate hemispheroid. This geometrical configuration was noted in power densities from 1 25 W/cm2 to 800 W/cm2. Comparison of the experimental and theoretical models confirmed this geometric heat distribution.Theoretical conclusions concerning destructive modality effectiveness and tissue healing can be deduced from this triple analytical model.
Progress report on extended clinical use of the argon laser for cutaneous lesions
Authors: Apfelberg David B. , Maser Morton R. , Lash Harvey , Rivers Jan Is L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSince 1970 a variety of cutaneous lesions have been successfully treated with the argon laser and the histopathology carefully studied at the Palo Alto Medical Clinic. Patients with port wine hemangiomas, capillary/cavernous hemangiomas, and telangiectasia have achieved successful resolution in some cases, and subtotal blanching in other cases, with a low incidence of scarring or other complications. Recently, decorative tattoos as well as a variety of miscellaneous pigmented or vascular skin lesions, such as seborrheic keratoses, pyogenic granulomas, and senile angiomas, have also been successfully treated with the argon laser. Total clinical experience is updated in this report.
Laser therapy of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Goldman John A. , Chiapella Joseph , Bass Noah , Graham Jimmy , McClatchey William , Dronavalli R. V. , Brown Richard , Bennett William J. , Miller Stephen B. , Wilson Colon H. , Haun Cosmo , Persinski Lydia , Huey Herb , Muckerheide Mike , Casey Helen , Pearson Bobbie 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThirty people with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis received laser exposure to a Q‐switch neodymium laser that operated at 1.06 μm with an output of 1 5 joules/cm2 for 30 nsec. One hand was lased at the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and metacarpal phalangeal (MCP) joints, whereas the other hand was sham lased. The patient, physician, and occupational therapy evaluators did not know which hand was being lased. Twenty‐one patients noted improvement of both their MCP and PIP joints of both hands during laser therapy. Twenty‐seven noted improvement of their PIP joints and 26 noted improvement of the MCP joints during therapy. Heat, erythema, pain, swelling, and tenderness all improved with time in both hands, but the lased hand had more significant improvement in erythema and pain. There was also significant improvement in grasp and tip pressure on the lased side. The level of circulating immune complexes as measured by platelet aggregation decreased during lasing. The improvement may be related to laser exposure. The exact role that laser radiation has upon rheumatoid arthritis and its mechanism of action remain to be elucidated.
evaluation of argon laser photocoagulation in a series of animal models of upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Gilbert David A. , Silverstein Fred E. , Protell Robert L. , Dennis Melvin B. , Gulacsik Chris , Auth David C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractDuring the past five years we have evaluated argon laser photocoagulation in various canine models of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. In gastric erosions, the eight‐watt argon laser was uniformly effective in stopping bleeding. In our standard acute ulcer model the seven‐watt argon laser was effective in stopping bleeding from most ulcers and only occasionally produced deep injury. With the addition of a jet of CO2 exiting the laser catheter coaxial to the laser beam, the argon laser was 100% effective and no deep injury resulted. The application of the argon laser in a more physiologic canine bleeding model using a single bleeding vessel in an ulcer base is currently under study. The development of improved animal models of gastrointestinal bleeding should contribute to the identification of effective and safe endoscopic hemostatic methods.
Color Problem in the Laser Treatment of Nevi
Authors: Ohshiro Toshio 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe roles of the physical and sensitive values of color in the laser treatment of nevi are often confused in the literature. A representative sensitive value for the five basic colors of the Munsell system was obtained and compared with the physical values of the same colors analzyed spectrophotometrically. A discrepancy between the two values was found, which indicated the use of the physical value in deciding the actual treatment and doses; while the sensitive value should only be used in the initial diagnosis and treatment evaluation.
Goniophotocoagulation in the Management of Rubeosis Iridis
Authors: Lee Pei‐Fei 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLaser goniophotocoagulation (LGP) in the management of rubeosis iridis has been the subject of a prospective clinical trial in 12 patients over a period of four years. It is effective in the early stage of rubeosis iridis, even prior to the onset of open‐angle glaucoma. Preliminary results are encouraging but only partially successful.LGP is an investigational procedure that must be employed with care. The status or characterization of the rubeosis iridis requires detailed description of at least four clinical stages to evaluate the LGP usefulness.
Clinical aspects of ophthalmic argon laser
Authors: Zinn Keith M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis paper reviews the historical events leading to the development of the ophthalmic laser. The formation of the argon laser beam and its biological effects on ocular tissues are outlined, with the major emphasis on the retinal and choroidal tissues. The clinical indications, contraindications, and complications of ophthalmic argon laser photocoagulation for the anterior segment as well as the posterior segment structures of the eye are also thoroughly discussed.
Lasers in neurosurgery: a review
Authors: Jain K.K. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn recent years neurosurgeons have shown an increasing interest in lasers. An understanding of the basic laser mechanism and tissue effects is important. CO2laser is an excellent no‐touch tool for excising and evaporating brain tumors. It has several other uses in neurosurgery both with free‐hand technique and with microscope attachment and a micromanipulator. It is easier and more precise to manipulate a laser beam than any of the conventional instruments. NdrYAG and argon lasers are more effective for coagulation of blood vessels and for dealing with vascular neoplasms. Microvascular anastamosis has been achieved with the use of Nd:YAG laser in experimental animals and has potential for practical application in extra‐intracranial bypass operations. There are many advantages and some disadvantages to the use of lasers in neurosurgery.
Transurethral laser coagulation for treatment of urinary bladder tumors
Authors: Rothenberger K. , Pensel J. , Hofstetter A. , Keiditsch E. , Frank F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractOwing to the biophysical properties involved, the Nd:YAG laser is most suited for coagulation of even inhomogeneous tissue. We determined the optimal laser parameters for therapy of urinary bladder tumors. Deep homogeneous necroses can be obtained without perforation risk of the bladder wall, and the procedure does not cause dangerous damage to the intestinal loops. We have studied animal experiments by close examination and systematic inquiry, and thus we were able to determine sufficient laser parameters in dependence on tissue thickness. Clinical studies verified these results for living human tissue. After some years of clinical use of the Nd: YAG laser we can make the first statistical statements.
Management and Follow‐Up of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Treated by CO2Laser Vaporization Method
Authors: Shuber Suad 
Published: March 2007

AbstractForty‐four patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) II and 31 patients with CIN III were followed up for up to 6 months after cervical cone vaporization with carbon dioxide laser. In addition to colposcopy and pap smear, all patients underwent cervical biopsies as part of their follow‐up. This protocol permitted a diagnosis of persistent disease in the presence of normal colposcopy and pap smear.
Anesthesiologic Considerations in Laser Neurosurgery
Authors: Cerullo Leonard J. , Koht Antoun 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe laser has been welcomed to the neurosurgical armamentarium because of the inherent precision and gentleness of the no‐touch technique. In order to maximize laser safety and efficacy, however, certain anesthesiologic considerations, specific to neurosurgery, must be realized. Motion of patient (target) during routine anesthesiologic checks or as the result of physiologic excursions during myocardial contraction and respiration must be minimized. Ventilatory parameters, anesthetic agents, and cardio active drugs are considered.
Effects of Low Energy Laser on Wound Healing In a Porcine Model
Authors: Hunter J. , Leonard L. , Wilson R. , Snider G. , Dixon J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLow energy helium neon laser has been suggested as an effective adjuvant in the healing of open wounds. To date, supportive studies have been performed in loose‐skinned animals. For such data to be clinically meaningful, it was felt necessary to study this effect in an animal with a dermal structure more closely resembling that of man, the pig. After creating 62 partial thickness wounds on the dorsum of domestic swine, one‐half of these were randomized to receive laser treatment. The remainder served as controls. Laser treated wounds received a daily treatment of 15 sec/cm2 at an irradiance of 64 mW/cm2 (energy fluence = .96 J/cm2/day). With these treatment parameters, we could not demonstrate any clinically significant laser induced acceleration of open wound healing.
Synovial Response to Laser Induced Carbon Ash Residue
Authors: Whipple Terry L. , Caspari Richard B. , Meyers John F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractMost surgical applications of CO2 laser energy permit carbonized and devitalized tissue to slough and become exteriorized through some natural orifice. The use of laser energy in joints with no external communication, however, must rely on synovial response to clear the carbon ash residue.Sixteen New Zealand white rabbits underwent arthrotomy and subtotal laser meniscectomy with no effort to cleanse the carbon residue. The animals were sacrificed at regular intervals up to 8 weeks, and the menisci and synovium were harvested for microscopic inspection. The initial synovial response was characterized by hypertrophic changes with a moderate increase in cell population and subsynovial interstitial fluid. Particulate matter was invested by the synovium, and provoked an influx of acute inflammatory cells. By 6 weeks, only rare particles of carbonaceous material were found in the synovium and no particulate matter could be located by 8 weeks.Laser induced carbon ash residue appears relatively innocuous to the joint in vivo and is readily cleared by an adequate and short‐lived synovial response.
Hematoporphyrin derivative and photoradiation therapy in early stage lung cancer
Authors: Hayata Yoshihiro , Kato Harubumi , Konaka Chimori , Ono Jutaro , Amemiya Ryuta , Kinoshita Komei , Sakai Harumasa , Yamada Ryuichi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPhotoradiation therapy (PDT) with administration of hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) was performed in ten cases of early stage central‐type lung cancer of which six cases were treated by PRT alone due to inoperability because of poor pulmonary function I five and refusal of surgery on one. Four cases were resected after PRT. In the former, complete tumor remission was seen in one and significant remission in three. In the nonresected cases four cases are disease‐free at 17–41 months and the remaining two cases died of chronic obstructive lung disease and cerebral infarction 16 and 31 months after surgery. Indications of PRT in early stage lung cancer are discussed according to histological findings of resected specimen.
Response of psoriasis to red laser light (630 nm) following systemic injection of hematoporphyrin derivative
Authors: Berns Michael W. , Coffey Joan , Wile Alan , Rettenmaier Mark , Berman Michael , Disaia Philip , Weinstein Gerald , McCullough Jerry 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSystemically injected hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) in combination with red laser light (630 nm) was used to treat a patient with intraepithelial neoplasia of the vulva. Since the patient had psoriasis in the mons pubis area this region also was exposed to the red light. The psoriasis treatment area was divided into two regions receiving 40 and 20 J/cm2. Both psoriatic zones responded vigorously to the HPD + light treatment, forming eschars by 1 week postirradiation. All there treatment zones (the neoplastic area and the two psoriatic areas) underwent normal reepithelialization by 17 days.
Exposure (dose) tables for hematoporphyrin derivative photoradiation therapy
Authors: Berns Michael W. , Berns Gregory S. , Coffey Joan , Wile Alan G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTwo sets of tables are presented that permit the rapid determination of (1) milliwatts per centimter2 based upon known site diameter and power output from fiber optic and (2) time of exposure (minutes and seconds) based upon known site diameter and power output from fiber optic.
Carbon dioxide laser surgery for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Wright V. C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractDuring 1977–1983, 787 consecutive referred cases of CIN were treated by vaporization of a dome‐shaped defect, by excision of a cylindrical specimen, or a combination of procedures where 48% were CIN III. Vaporization was used for 72% of CIN I, 76% of CIN II, and 64% of CIN III cases. Less than 15% of vaporization and all excision cases were done in hospital under anesthesia; 11% had delayed bleeding requiring attention (admission was required in 2%); 100% of CIN I, 96% of CIN II, and 96% of CIN III cases were cured. Persistent disease was diagnosed at the first (96%) or second (4%) visit. Subsequent treatment included laser and less than 1% hysterectomy. Overall cure for laser surgery was 99·5%. Sixty‐eight patients subsequently became pregnant; outcomes were normally distributed. Treatment success in related to adequate volume of tissue removed.
Hysteroscope for CO2 laser application
Authors: Tadir Y. , Raif J. , Dagan J. , Kaplan I. , Zuckerman Z. , Ovadia J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractEndoscopic laser surgery is becoming more common with the development of suitable instruments. A hysteroscope designed for use with a Sharplan CO2 laser is described in detail. The method of application, results of preliminary experience, and possible indications are discussed.
Treatment of condyloma acuminata with carbon dioxide laser: A prospective study
Authors: Scott Robert S. , Castro Dan J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe common wart has been a ubiquitous problem throughout recorded history. In recent times, the genital wart has assumed more and more importance. These viral growths cause itching and burning as well as more severe problems. Treatment traditionally has included a large variety of preparations from nature. Subsequently, man‐made chemicals were used along with freezing, burning, and surgical excision. Because of the pain, bleeding, scarring, and high recurrence rate with these treatments, a study was instituted in 1978 to evaluate the advantages of the CO2 laser for treatment of this condition. Results have been excellent. far exceeding what we expected. Recurrence rate has been under 2%. The control group had the usual high rate of persistence and recurrence. Recent work pointing to a strong association between human papilloma virus (HPV) and cancer of the female genitals suggests an increasing need for early, vigorous, and more effective treatment of these lesions.