bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MYXOEDEMATOUS COMA WITH EXTREME HYPOTHERMIA IN A PATIENT TREATED WITH A THYROID PREPARATION OF A VERY LOW BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Brune D. F. , Gastel C. van , der Kinderen P. J. , Schwarz F. , Pennekamp J. D. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A case of myxoedematous coma in a young woman is described. The patient had been treated with good results since infancy with desiccated thyroid but deteriorated after using a thyroid preparation of very low activity for a year. Although there was severe hypothermia on admission the patient survived. Treatment consisted of triiodothyronine orally, and corticosteroids. A tracheotomy had to be performed. The biological inactivity of the drug responsible for the coma was demonstrated by the goiter prevention test.
TESTOSTERONE-SENSITIVE CENTERS IN THE HYPOTHALAMUS OF THE RAT
Authors: Lisk Robert D. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Microgram quantities of testosterone implanted in the basal tuberal-median eminence region of rats led to ovarian atrophy or atrophy of the seminal vesicles, prostate and testis thirty days later. Implantations in other areas of the diencephalon or in the pituitary gland did not result in weight changes in the sexual organs. The female showed a greater sensitivity to the testosterone implants than did the male. In the male, the degree of atrophy produced, appeared dependent upon the surface area of hormone present in the tuberal region, and considerable decreases in the weight of the sexual organs were noted without apparent changes in physiological function. The data suggest that the basal tuberal-median eminence area of the hypothalamus acts as the focus for »negative feedback« in the control of gonadotrophin secretion from the pituitary gland of the rat.
EFFECT OF ADRENALECTOMY ON SURVIVAL AND TUMOUR GROWTH IN RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL OVARIAN TUMOURS
Authors: Kullander Stig 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Survival after adrenalectomy was studied in rats, intact or spayed, and spayed rats with ovarian tissue transplanted into the spleen (operated at 3 weeks of age).
Ovaries in situ or ovarian transplants in the spleen prolonged survival after adrenalectomy at 2 months of age.
In animals adrenalectomized at 12 months – by which time ovarian tumours had developed in the spleen – survival was longer in animals with ovarian tumours than in animals with ovaries in situ.
The ovarian tumours in the spleen continued to grow after adrenalectomy and showed no signs of regression.
THE ASSAY OF ORALLY ADMINISTERED FLUOXYMESTERONE IN THE CASTRATED RAT
Authors: Dorfman Ralph I. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
An oral assay 10-day procedure for bioassay of androgens is described using the immature castrated male albino rat and the end-points of seminal vesicles, ventral prostate, and levator ani tissues. No particular gain in precision could be achieved by extending the assay procedure beyond ten days. Using single daily doses and an aqueous suspending medium, the λ value for the seminal vesicles was 0.210, for the ventral prostate it was 0.190, and 0.218 for the levator ani. The present experiments were carried out with fluoxymesterone.
A SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTION ASSAY FOR ANTI-ANDROGENS IN THE CHICK
Authors: Dorfman Ralph I. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The stimulating action of testosterone on the chick's comb can be inhibited by the subcutaneous injection of 0.1 mg of norethisterone or Ro 2-7239 (2-acetyl-7-oxo-1,2,3,4,4a,4b,5,6,7,9,10,10a-dodecahydrophenanthrene), 0.5 mg of cortisol or progesterone, and by 4.5 mg of Mer-25 (1-(p-2-diethylaminoethoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-2-p-methoxyphenyl ethanol). No dose response relationship could be established. Norethisterone was the most active anti-androgen by this test.
INFLUENCE OF PROGESTATIONAL AGENTS ON THE GENETIC FEMALE FOETUS OF ORALLY TREATED PREGNANT RATS
Authors: Kincl Fred A. , Dorfman Ralph I. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
6α-Methyl-17-acetoxyprogesterone administered orally to pregnant rats between the 15th and 20th day of gestation produces in the genetic female pups, distinct masculinization including blind vaginas, absence of vaginal orifices, enlarged prostates, decreased distance between the vaginal orifice and urinary papilla, and at the highest dosage studied, an increase in the anogenital distance. 6-Chloro-Δ6-dehydro-17α-acetoxyprogesterone even at high doses showed no masculinizing effects.
Norethisterone did not influence the female pups on any of the parameters except that at the higher doses, there was some decrease in the distance between the vaginal orifice and the urinary papilla.
STUDIES OF THE EFFECT OF HYPOTHALAMIC EXTRACTS ON SOMATOTROPHIC PITUITARY FUNCTION
Authors: Franz J. , Haselbach C. H. , Libert O. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The presence of a »Somatotrophin-Releasing Factor« (SRF) in acetic-acid extracts obtained from dog hypothalami was demonstrated by three kinds of assays: an »in vitro« test derived from that of Saffran & Schally (1955 b) for the measurement of CRF; a modification of the tibia test, performed on intact immature female rats; and measurement of the weight gain of immature female rats during prolonged treatment. The extracts were active only on intact animals, and not directly on hypophysectomized ones.
The activity was not observed in other parts of the brain than the hypothalamus region.
Crude post-pituitary extracts were contaminated with SRF, although the synthetic neuro-hormones were not »somatotrophin-releasing« substances. SRF is therefore different from vasopressin.
THE EFFECT OF LYNESTRENOL) ON ANIMAL REPRODUCTION
Authors: Overbeek G. A. , Madjerek Z. , Visser J. de 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Lynestrenol is a potent oral pregestagen. The oral activities in the Clauberg and Corner & Allen tests are of the same order as that of subcutaneously administered progesterone. No effect was found in the tests for deciduomagenic activity in the mouse and for the maintenance of pregnancy in the rat. Lynestrenol has a marked inhibitory action on ovulation in the rat. This effect can be enhanced by low doses of oestrogen, which themselves are inactive in this respect. The main cause of this effect seems to be an inhibition of the development of the follicles. Lynestrenol is a weak oestrogen with an activity of about 1–2% of that of ethinyloestradiol. Its effects on fertilized ova in the rat are in agreement with what could be expected from its oestrogenic activity. There is little or no effect on nidation. Lynestrenol is a weak androgen, the oral activity in the rat amounting to 1/3–1/4 of that of methyltestosterone. 5. Acute and chronic toxicity studies demonstrate the absence of any general toxicity.
EFFECTS OF REDUCTION OF THE 3-KETONE OF 17α-ETHYNYL-19-NORTESTOSTERONE ON ITS ENDOCRINE PROPERTIES
Authors: Elton Richard L. , Nutting Ehard F. , Saunders Francis ]. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
17α-Ethynyl-4-estrene-3,17-diol and its C-3 and C-17 esterified analogues were studied for progestational, oestrogenic and androgenic properties. In addition, oestrogen-antagonistic and anti-progestational effects were determined and compared with those of 17α-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone. All of the steroids studied had progestational and oestrogen-antagonistic properties. Within the limits of the tests employed, all of the agents except 17α-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone had definite oestrogenic activity and produced antagonism of progesterone-induced proliferation of the uterine epithelium in rabbits. Thus, reduction of the 3-ketone of 17α-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone markedly alters the endocrine profile of the steroid imparting oestrogenic and anti-progestational effects in addition to the progesterone-like and oestrogen-antagonistic effects. The oestrogenic effects could be correlated with the ability of the agents to interrupt pregnancy in rats. Androgenic activity, though reduced to minimal levels, was not totally absent following these structural alterations.
EFFECT OF AN ANABOLIC STEROID ON THE TENSILE STRENGTH OF GRANULATION TISSUE IN VARIOUS NUTRITIONAL STATES
Authors: Viljanto J. , Isomäki H. , Kulonen E. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The administration of an anabolic steroid (17α-methyl-17β-hydroxy-androsta-1,4-dien-3-one) to rats improved the tensile strength of experimental granulation tissue and of healing skin wounds on the 12th postoperational day. This, however, only occurred in undernourished animals which showed a retarded development of connective tissue. This difference is also reflected in the collagen content of the granulation tissue. The treatment caused a slight increase in the tensile strength in all the feeding groups on the second postoperational day.
A BIOCHEMICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF ADRENAL TISSUES FROM PATIENTS WITH CONN'S SYNDROME
Authors: Brode E. , Grant J. K. , Symington T. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Tumours removed surgically from patients with primary aldosteronism were investigated by histological and biochemical procedures. The formation of 1 1β-hydroxyprogesterone-14C from progesterone-14C by tumour but not normal cortical tissue homogenates has been demonstrated. The significance of this substance in the biosynthesis of aldosterone is discussed. The ratio of 17-hydroxy to 17-deoxy C21 steroids formed in vitro by tumours and zones of normal adrenal cortex has been determined and an attempt has been made to use this ratio to determine the origin of the cells of the aldosterone secreting tumours.
INHIBITION OF OVULATION AND CHANGES IN OVARIAN MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES INDUCED BY THYROIDECTOMY IN RABBITS
Authors: Thorsøe Hans 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Radical surgical thyroidectomy in rabbits, restricts the ability of the ovaries to ovulate following mating. Nine out of 20 thyroidectomized rabbits had severe polycystic ovaries. The ovaries of mated thyroid-ectomized rabbits had a higher content of water, corresponding to a given hexosamine concentration, than the ovaries of non-mated thyroidectomized, and of intact rabbits. After ovulation, the follicular fluid changed from metachromatic to orthochromatic in the thyroidectomized rabbits. These findings are discussed in relation to the theory that pre-ovulatory growth of the follicles is due to an increase in the colloid-osmotic pressure within the follicles caused by enzymatic depolymerization of acid mucopolysaccharides.
INSENSITIVITY OF OVARIAN MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES TO SYSTEMIC L- AND D-THYROXINE TREATMENT
Authors: Thorsøe Hans 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The effect of 1-thyroxine and d-thyroxine on the content of mucopolysaccharides in rabbit ovaries was studied histologically and biochemically. The doses of 1-thyroxine and d-thyroxine completely blocked the pituitary release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) as shown by the inhibition of 131I release from the thyroid gland. The treatment with 1-thyroxine as well as with d-thyroxine was continued for 15 and 30 days respectively. 1-Thyroxine brought about a loss of weight in the rabbits and caused a decrease in ovarian weight.
d-Thyroxine produced no loss of weight and did not affect the ovarian weight.
Neither 1-thyroxine nor d-thyroxine altered the gross appearance of the ovaries. Histological examination showed the quantity, distribution, and intensity of metachromatic substance to be identical in all experimental groups. Autoradiography showed no changes in the distribution of the 35S-containing mucopolysaccharides. Neither 1-thyroxine nor d-thyroxine altered the ovarian concentration of water or hexosamine, or the uptake of 35S-sulphate.
HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES AND BLOOD SUGAR FLUCTUATIONS IN THE MARINE TELEOST COTTUS SCORPIUS FOLLOWING ADMINISTRATION OF THE SULFHYDRYL INHIBITOR IODOACETIC ACID
Authors: Falkmer Sture 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Iodoacetic acid (IAA) administered to Cottus scorpius in single or repeated intramuscular injections slightly less than the L. D. 50 and up to sublethal dosages evoked a moderate hyperglycaemia in about 1/3 of the animals. There were practically no concomitant morphological changes in the pancreatic islet tissue. In the kidneys and the liver, histological changes were found such as a diffuse and patchy degeneration of the renal tubules and small liver necroses. The myocardium and brain were unaffected.
The hyperglycaemia found was provisionally considered not to be of pancreatic origin and IAA therefore regarded as a nondiabetogenic sulfhydryl inhibitor.
QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF ADRENOCORTICAL HORMONES AND THEIR α-KETOLIC METABOLITES IN URINE
Authors: Cost W. S. , Pol J. , Korten A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Urinary corticosteroid patterns were estimated in patients with adrenocortical insufficiency.
In patients with secondary adrenocortical hypofunction (Panhypopituitarism) the patterns reflect an abnormally low secretion of cortisol, corticosterone and Reichstein's S. The ratios between these corticosteroids are not altered. Aldosterone secretion can be temporarily normal or even increased. The THF/THE-ratio is elevated and this is presumably due to a diminished production of thyroid hormone.
In patients with primary adrenocortical hypofunction (Addison's disease) the patterns reflect an abnormally low secretion of corticosterone and aldosterone. Initially the secretion of cortisol can be within the normal range. The secretion of Reichstein's S is often normal or even increased. The ratios between the corticosteroids are altered in that the F/B-ratio is high and the F/S-ratio low. These characteristics, presumably due to excessive adrenocortical stimulation by endogenous ACTH, can be helpful in differentiating the two kinds of adrenocortical insufficiency and in diagnosing Addison's disease when the excretion of cortisol and its metabolites is still within the normal range.
EFFECT OF TRICHLORACETIC ACID ON BASOPHILS AND ON CORTICOTROPHIN CONTENT OF HUMAN PITUITARY GLANDS: EXTRACTION OF LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT CORTICOTROPHIN
Authors: Currie A. R. , Davies Beryl M. A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Experiments are reported which show that 2.5% trichloracetic acid (TCA) causes marked loss of periodic acid-Schiff staining of the basophil granules of the pituitary gland and that there is extraction of some ACTH into the TCA. There is, however, no direct correlation between the basophil changes and the extraction of the hormone from the gland. The vesiculate chromophobe, the colloid and the cytoplasmic granules of the acidophils are not apparently affected by TCA treatment.
Little is known about the chemical state of storage of ACTH in the human adenohypophysis. The amino acid structure and sequence of human ACTH has recently been proposed but there is as yet no chemical basis for a histochemical technique specific for ACTH.
The 2.5% TCA-extractable ACTH, which represents about 30% of the total ACTH activity of batches of 'old' pituitary glands, has been characterized by ultrafiltration, Sephadex column chromatography and ultracentrifugation as a single component of minimum molecular weight about 3200. This is a simple method for extracting low molecular weight ACTH-extraction in 2.5% TCA (or water acidified to pH 5.0) for 1 hour at 4° C followed by ultrafiltration and Sephadex column chromatography. About 68% of the original activity in the TCA extract is recovered in the final product. Extraction was equally efficient whether 'pieces' or homogenates were used and in the presence or absence of posterior lobe tissue. Autolysis results in a decrease of both residual gland and TCA-extractable hormone.
PATTERN OF 17-KETOSTEROID URINARY EXCRETION IN INFERTILE MEN
Authors: Furuhjelm Mirjam , Johnson Birgit , Lagergren C.-G. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The pattern of the 17-ketosteroid excretion determined according to Johnsen (1956) in a group of 33 sterile men was compared with that in another group of 14 men with proved fertility, and no difference was found. No correlation between 17-ketosteroid excretion and the concentration of sperm cells or the percentage of abnormal cells could be detected. The results are discussed.
DISTRIBUTION AND FATE OF 131I IN THE MAMMALIAN OVARY
Authors: Bengtsson G. , Ewaldsson B. , Hansson E. , Ullberg S. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
In an autoradiographic investigation 131I was found to be concentrated in the ovarian follicles of mammalian ovaries. Up to 4 hours after intravenous administration of 131I-iodide accumulation was mainly found in the walls of large Graafian follicles. After 24 hours the concentration was highest in the follicular fluid.
Precipitation and dialysis experiments indicated that the radioactivity was mainly present as iodide ions and no significant incorporation into organic compounds was observed.
UNTERSUCHUNGEN ÜBER DEN STOFFWECHSEL VON 17α-METHYLÖSTRADIOL-17β BEIM MENSCHEN
Authors: Breuer H. , Schikowski Ursula 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
5.5 mg of 17α-methyloestradiol-17β were injected intramuscularly into each of 3 male subjects. After enzymatic hydrolysis with β-glucuronidase the urinary excretion of 17α-methyloestradiol-17β, oestrone, oestradiol-17β and oestriol was studied. The total excretion of 17α-methyloestradiol-17β amounted to 0.6% of the injected dose. The excretion of oestrone and oestradiol-17β remained unchanged, whereas an increase was observed in the oestriol fraction. This increase was due to a Kober chromogen which is possibly a metabolite of 17α-methyloestradiol-17β.
A SENSITIVE SIMPLE QUANTITATIVE REACTION FOR IODINATED AMINO ACIDS OF HUMAN SERUM ON PAPERCHROMATOGRAMS
Authors: Postmes Th. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A simple quantitative reaction for iodinated amino acid spots on paper-chromatograms is described. The method is a modification of the Ferrichloride, (potassium) FerriCyanide, Arseneous acid reaction (F. F. C. A.). This modified reaction has the advantages:
The spots obtained are well defined and well contrasted against the background. Qualitative and quantitative determinations can be done simultaneously at any time. The approximate sensitivity range for thyroxine is between 0.1–0.005 μg. More than thirty determinations can be done in 7–8 hours.
ETHINYLOESTRADIOL IN THE PRE-OPERATIVE TREATMENT OF A SEVERE CASE OF CUSHING'S SYNDROME DUE TO ADRENOCORTICAL HYPERPLASIA
Authors: Norman N. , Vogt J. H. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
An extremely severe case of Cushing's syndrome due to adrenocortical hyperplasia is presented. The patient was treated with 0.5 mg of ethinyloestradiol four times daily for 106 days with short interruptions. The treatment caused a clinical remission with correction of the abnormal biochemical characteristics of the disease. The output of corticosteroids fell markedly, and the maximal response capacity of the adrenal cortex was reduced. Stressful stimuli continued to elicit an increase in corticosteroid excretion, and the pituitary-adrenal feed-back mechanism was preserved at the lower level of adrenocortical activity. It became evident, however, that the treatment in this patient did not provide a complete cure, and bilateral adrenalectomy was performed. Further trial with oestrogen treatment in this disease is recommended.
COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF THE POTENTIATION OF CORTICOTROPHIN ACTIVITY BY SEVERAL INACTIVE DERIVATIVES
Authors: Cohen Arthur I. , Frieden Edward H. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A number of corticotrophin analogues have been prepared, some of which potentiate the biological activity of the untreated hormone in vitro. The free amino groups of corticotrophin appear to be essential not only for hormonal activity, but also for the interaction of the analogues with the tissue corticotrophin inactivating system which is assumed to account for the potentiating effect.
STUDIES ON THE MECHANISM OF DECIDUALIZATION. I.
Authors: Shelesnyak M. C. , Kraicer Peretz F. , Zeilmaker Gerard H. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The concept of an oestrogen surge as a prerequisite for successful decidualization of the progravid uterus and consequently nidation in the rat was tested. Experiments were designed to see whether administration of an oestrogen antagonist at specific times would block decidualization (and nidation); whether the ovary was the source of the oestrogen, and whether a single dose of oestrogen, in the absence of the ovary (if the ovary is the source) would allow the uterus to respond to a decidualizing stimulus. It was found that when given prior to the surge, the oestrogen antagonist prevented decidualization and interfered with nidation. The ovary is thus the source of the oestrogen; and a single injection of oestradiol can act as a substitute for the surge.
SOME INTERACTIONS OF STEROIDS, PYRIDINE NUCLEOTIDES AND ENZYMES
Authors: Villee Claude A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The rate of reduction of DPN by crystalline glutamic dehydrogenase is increased by the addition of corticosterone or progesterone at concentrations of 10−6 m or 10−8 m. The enzyme preparations were tested and found to be free of any transhydrogenase activity. No increase in rate could be demonstrated when these steroids were added to comparable systems of malic, lactic, or alcohol dehydrogenase, which transfer hydrogen to side 1 of the pyridine nucleotide, or with α-glycerophosphate or glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, which transfer hydrogen to side 2 of the pyridine nucleotide. Thionicotinamide DPN, but not TPN, 3-pyridine aldehyde DPN, deamino DPN, or 3-acetyl pyridine DPN, when substituted for DPN with glutamic dehydrogenase gave a system that responded to added steroids.
THE ASSAY OF ORALLY ADMINISTERED ANDROGENS USING THE CHICK'S COMB
Authors: Dorfman Ralph I. , Dorfman Adeline S. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A method for the assay of androgens is described whereby the test material mixed with the food is fed for 7 days starting with day-old chicks and the comb weight used as the end-point.
When testosterone was assayed against itself, the mean potency ratio for 24 trials, using from 36 to 80 chicks per trial, was 105% (range 69% to 141%). Statistically significant differences could not be found for the slopes, and λ varied from 0.13 to 0.40 (mean = 0.248). The following relative potencies (testosterone = 100) were found: 19-nortestosterone 76, androst-4-ene-3,17-dione 71, methyltestosterone 63, 11α-hydroxy-androst-4-ene-3,17-dione 57, 11β-hydroxy-androst-4-ene-3,17-dione 39, adrenosterone 32, androstane-3,17-dione 24, 17β-hydroxyandrostan-3-one 14, dehydroepiandrosterone 7, epiandrosterone 6, 17α-methyl-androst-5-ene3β,17β-diol 5.
THE HYPOTHALAMUS AND PROPYLTHIOURACIL-INDUCED GOITRE IN THE RAT
Authors: van der Werff ten Bosch J. J. , Swanson H. E. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Adult female rats were given a normal diet, or a diet which contained 0.15% propylthiouracil. At the beginning of the experiment one half of the rats were left intact, whilst the others received an electrolytic basal midline lesion in the anterior hypothalamus. Of each of the four groups of rats, one half was killed after 14 days, the others after 28 days. It was found (both after 14 and after 28 days) that the presence of a lesion reduced the thyroid weight to approximately 75% of the value in intact rats on the same diet, which might be normal or contain propylthiouracil. Propylthiouracil caused thyroid enlargement (to 278% after 14 days and 352–360% after 28 days) in intact rats as compared with intact rats on a normal diet, and in lesioned rats as compared with lesioned rats on a normal diet.
It is concluded that lesions cause a lowered steady state of the thyroid-pituitary feed-back system, but that this system responds normally to the alteration of the steady state caused by the propylthiouracil-induced block in thyroid hormone output.