bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell viability studies on the exfoliated colonic cancer cell
Authors: Rosenberg I L , Russell Carol W , Giles G R 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Suspensions of desquamated colonic cancer cells were obtained from patients with cancer of the large bowel by colonic exfoliative cytology and from resected specimens of colonic cancer by an ex vivo exfoliation technique. In addition, a tumour suspension was obtained from the resected specimens. Cell viability studies were performed on these cell suspensions. Whereas 23 of the 25 tumour homogenate cell suspensions were shown to exclude trypan blue, none of the exfoliated colonic cancer cell suspensions had viable cells. This finding would cast some doubt on the hypothesis that suture line recurrence following large bowel cancer surgery is due to the implantation of cells desquamated from the surface of the growth.
The importance of plasma lipid, glucose, insulin and fibrinogen in femoropopliteal surgery
Authors: Harris P L , Harvey D R , Bliss B P 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Fasting blood levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, insulin and fibrinogen were measured preoperatively in 44 patients who had reconstructive operations for occlusive disease in the femoral and popliteal arteries. Comparison of these preoperative biochemical measurements with the results of surgery over a 4-year period indicated that failure was associated with significantly higher mean preoperative levels of both glucose (P &lt; 0.01) and fibrinogen (P &lt; 0.01). High fasting blood glucose was associated with early failure (occlusion between 3 and 12 months) and high plasma fibrinogen was associated with late failure (occlusion between 1 and 4 years). The results of operation were not influenced significantly by preoperative blood levels of cholesterol, triglyceride or insulin.
The mechanism of calf claudication: Studies of simultaneous clearance of 99Tcm from the calf and thigh
Authors: Angelides N , Nicolaides A , Needham T , Dudley H 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Simultaneous clearance of 99Tcm from the gastrocnemius and quadriceeps muscles has been studied in 74 limbs of 62 patients with claudication and in 20 normal limbs of 15 volunteers. The local decay curve for 10 min at rest and for 20 min after a 3-min treadmill walk at 4.5 km/h was recorded. The changes in blood flow which occurred after exercise were characteristic of the arteriographic lesions and they explain the haemodynamics of claudication.
Fibrinolytic activity of the vein wall after surgery
Authors: Åberg M , Nilsson I M 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The fibrinolytic system, including the fibrinolytic activator activity of vein wall and fibrinolytic activity in blood after venous occlusion, was analysed in 43 patients before and on the third day after operation. Twenty-two of the patients underwent abdominoperineal amputation of the rectum and 21 had a cholecystectomy. The incidence of postoperative thrombosis was assessed by means of the isotope method and phlebography.
The results indicate that a decrease in fibrinolytic activity of the vein wall and/or in the release of fibrinolytic activator from the vein wall is a regular postoperative phenomenon, especially after major surgery. Malignant tumour of the rectum did not have any depressing effect on the fibrinolytic activator. All the patients with thrombosis after operation had a postoperative fibrinolytic defect of the vein wall compared with about 60 per cent of the other patients. It is concluded that postoperative changes in the parameters studied might be of significance for the development of thrombosis after operation.
The place of surgery in the treatment of myasthenia gravis
Authors: Fraser K , Crawford J , Simpson J A 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The clinical conditions, operative and postoperative management of 64 pateints submitted to thymectomy from 1965 to 1976 have been reviewed retrospectively. The results of 11 thymectomeis done before 1965 have been previously reported (Fraser, 1966). We consider that the duration of illness is a more important criterion than the age or sex of the patient or the distribution of weakness, and we recognize three stages (Simpson, 1974). Stage I, the active stage, is characterized by remissions and best response to thymectomy. it normally lasts for 5-7 years and is followed by stage 2, the inactive stage. In stage 2 there is less risk of death but few spontaneous reminssions and less response to thymectomy. In stage 3, the burned-out stage, there may be steady improvement but thymectomy is without benefit and responsiveness to anticholinergic drugs becomes less.
It has been our policy to perform thymectomy as early as possible in stage 1. In addition, stage 2 patients have been advised operation if the response to anticholinesterase medication has been unsatisfactory, Although major improvement is not anticipated until 2-3 years after operation, we have felt justified in offering thymectomy because we have had no death as a direct result of the actual operative procedure. One patient died suddenly and unexpectedly on the tenth day postoperatively (1.7 per cent). At follow-up there were 6 late deaths. Of the 52 patients available for review, 92.3 per cent had no symptoms or only mild disability.
Diabetic autonomic neuropathy in pateints with vascular disease
Authors: Quayle John B 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
An attempt has been made to determine the effect on vasomotor tone and sweating of perpheral neuropathy in the feet of diabetics with vascular disease. There was a loss of vasomotor tone in 48 per cent of patients with peripheral neuropathy and in 12 per cent of those without neuropathy (P &lt;0.01). Complete loss of sudomotor activity was rare in both groups.
Hepatocellular carcinoma associated with oral contraceptives
Authors: Menzies-Gow N 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A primary hepatic tumour occurred in a 36-year-old woman who had been taking oral contraceptives for 6 years; she was treated by partial hepatectomy. The neoplasm had the characteristics of a well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma and the regional lymph nodes contained similar tumour.
Abdominal apoplexy
Authors: Gough I R , Strong R W 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Seven patients with abdominal apoplexy have been treated between 1975 and 1977 and their clinical features and management are reviewed. Accurate preoperative diagnosis is difficult but the condition should be considered in patients with abdominal pain and vomiting or diarrhoea who have signs of shock, peritonism or a falling haemoglobin level. Urgent laparotomy to identify and ligate the bleeding artery offers the best chance of survival.
A prospective study of the clinical value and accuracy of grey scale ultrasound in detecting gallstones
Authors: McKay A J , Duncan J G , Imrie C W , Joffe S N , Blumgart L H 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The accuracy and possible clincial value of grey scale ultrasonography in the detection of gallstones has been prospectively studied in 100 unselected patients presenting with recurrent biliary colic, acute cholecystitis or acute pancreatitis. Adequate visualization of the gallbladder was obtained in 79 cases, with 3 false positive and no false negative reports. Oral cholecystography remains the initial investigation of choice in patients presenting with recurrent biliary colic, but grey scale ultrasound has been shown in this to be a reliable means of detecting gallstones in the ‘acute’ situation, when conventional contrast radiology is of limited value.
A new method of nerve repair: Repair of a lesion of the radial nerve with a branch to the triceps muscle
Authors: Gore R V 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Regeneration of the radial nerve following a new technique of nerve anastomosis in the humeral spiral groove is reported. Neurorrhaphy was performed by anastomosing a branch supplying the medial head of the triceps to the distal cut end of the radial nerve at the level of the lateral intermuscular septum. The progress of the nerve is detailed and has been confirmed by electromyographic studies showing regeneration of the radial nerve 3 years after operation and 4 years after injury. This technique for repair of the radial nerve has not been previously described.
Postoperative amino acid infusions: An appraisal
Authors: Rowlands B J , Clark R G 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Amino acid infusions either as a 7 per cent solution or as an isotonic 3.5 per cent solution produce a nitrogensparing effect in the postoperative period. The nitrogensparing effect is independent of the concentration and rate of infusion of the amino acid solution; or of any changes in plasma substrate and hormone concentrations. These solutions have no advantage over conventional intravenous therapy with isotonic glucose and saline solutions and there is no indication for their routine use in the management of postoperative patients.
The effect of hepatic interposition on insulin-stimulated gastric secretion after proximal gastric vagotomy
Authors: Wastell C , Millington H T 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The peak acid output to insulin 10-14 days after proximal gastric vagotomy (PGV) for uncomplicated duodenal ulcer in a control group of 11 men was 1.5 mmol/h, and this rose significantly (P &lt;0.01) after a mean interval of 26.1 months to 5.3 mmol/h. The rise in the PAOI in 7 male patients undergoing PGV and hepatic interposition for duodenal ulcer was from 1.0 mmol/h to 4.5 mmol/h (P &lt;0.05) over a mean interval of 13.1 months. No significant difference between the changes in the PAOI in the two groups of patients could be detected. It is concluded that separation of the lesser curve of the stomach from the cut edge of the lesser omentum by the left lobe of the liver after PGV in an attempt to block vagal regeneration does not alter the postoperative rise in acid secretion.
Amylase thermolability as a screening test for pancreatic pseudocysts
Authors: Donaldson L A , Brodie M J , McIntosh W B , Joffe S N 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Amylase thermolability was determined by heating sera from control patients and patients with acute pancreatitis and pancreatic pseudocysts at 65 ° C for 15 min. Normal serum amylase was 44 per cent thermolabile, but increased to 84 per cent thermolability during the hyperamylasaemia of acute pancreatitis, and returned to normal on resolution of the pancreatitis. In 9 patients with a pancreatic pseudocyst, although the total amylase level had almost returned to normal limits, 79 per cent of the amylase remained thermolabile. Amylase thermolability appears to be a simple screening test for pancreatic pseudocyst formation secondary to acute pancreatitis.
The role of IgA in the prevention of bacterial colonization of the jejunum in the vagotomized subject
Authors: McLoughlin G A , Hede J E , Temple J G , Bradley J , Chapman D M , McFarland John 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The efficacy of three mechanisms of defence against jejunal bacterial colonization (i. e. gastric acid, vagal and pyloric integrity and intestinal IgA) has been investigated. Only in subjects with disturbance of all three mechanisms did significant jejunal colonization occur, and this was invariably associated with severe diarrhoea. Clearly normal intestinal IgA is of critical importance in the prevention of jejunal bacterial colonization in the vagotomized subject.
Graft avulsion: An unreported complication of axillofemoral bypass grafts
Authors: Daar A S , Finch D R A 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A case of avulsion of a unilateral axillofemoral Dacron bypass graft 3 weeks after insertion is reported. Surface measurements on healthy volunteers suggest that when the thoracolumbar spine is in full lateral flexion the length of the graft may increase by up to 21 per cent. Such movements should be restricted during the early postoperative period.
Vein surgery during defibrinogenation
Authors: Browse N L , Clemenson G 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The effect of defibrinogenation on thrombosis after thrombectomy and on the patency of Dacron femoral vein grafts has been studied in dogs. In all experiments the defibrinogenation significantly reduced thrombosis. Bleeding from suture lines and through the Dacron prostheses was not increased.
The reduction of bacteria in the operation room through the use of non-woven clothing
Authors: Whyte W , Hodgson R , Bailey P V , Graham J 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Operation room clothing manufactured from disposable non-woven fabric (Barrier ‘450’ fabric supplied by Johnson & Johnson Ltd) was assessed in a dispersal chamber and in plenum-ventilated operation rooms. If proved to be very comfortable to wear and was shown to be equally effective bacteriologically as the closely woven and uncomfortably hot Ventile material. As the majority of bacteria are known to be generated from below the waist, and hence not contained by an operation room gown, trousers were used as well as gowns. Dispersal chamber experiments suggested that when all staff wore non-woven trousers and the scrubbed staff wore gowns as well, a 55 per cent reduction would be achieved in the number of bacterial particles in the air of an operation room. In practice, 60 per cent reduction was achieved in one operation room and 43 per cent in another.
The number of bacteria which could easily be removed from the surface of the gowns was surprisingly few. However, use of non-woven, as compared to cotton, clothing reduced these surface bacteria by 50-60 per cent. These bacteria would not be as easily dispersed into the air from the surface of non-woven gowns, as it was demonstrated that non-woven gowns, as well as gowns manufactured from certain artificial fibres, shed substantially fewer fibres.
Acute hiatal hernia with oesophageal perforation following Heller's operation
Authors: Fletcher P R 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The unusual complication of acute hiatal hernia with oesophageal rupture following transthoracic oesophagomyotomy is described in 2 cases. Inadvertent disruption and sidening of the oesophageal hiatus at the time of surgery coupled with increased intragastric and intraabdominal pressure were the probable causes. The hiatus should be carefully inspected on completion of the myotomy and anatomical restoration performed if necessary in order to avoid this complication. Urgent surgical intervention, gastric fundal serosal patch repair and intravenous alimentation proved successful in the management of these patients.
Multiple congenital aneurysms in childhood: Report of a case
Authors: Short D W 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
This paper reports the case of a girl who, at the age of 7 years, presented with a saccular aneurysm of a brachial artery. Over the following 8 years a further 15 aneurysms appeared, involving limb and visceral arteries and the aorta. Some, but not all, of these aneurysms have been operated upon. Complications included renovascular hypertension due to bilateral intrarenal aneurysms. She had been followed up for 15 years.
Three other similar cases have been found in the medical literature, and these are also referred to. In two of these cases the affected persons also exhibited some of the other connective tissue anomalies associated with the Ehlers–Danlos syndrome. These were not present in our patient. The relationship between the syndrome of multiple congenital aneurysms and the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is discussed.
Abdominal wound healing in jaundiced patients
Authors: Irvin T T , Vassilakis J S , Chattopadhyay D K , Greaney M G 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Abdominal wound healing was studied in 48 patients undergoing laparotomy for jaundice and 281 anicteric patients undergoing elective operations for cholelithiasis at the Sheffield Royal Infirmary during the period 1967 to 1976.
Wound dehiscence or incisional hernia occurred in 27.1 per cent of jaundiced patients and in 4.3 per cent of anicteric patients (P &lt;0.001). There was a slightly higher incidence of deshiscence and herniation in deeply icteric patients (plasma bilirubin&gt; 170 μmol), but patients who developed these complications did not appear to have a more severe degree of malnutrition or impaired liver function.
The results of the study suggest that malignant disease may be an important factor in the pathogensis of wound complications in jaundiced patients. Wound dehiscence or incisional hernia occurred in 59.1 per cent of patients with obstructive jaundice resulting from malignant disease but patients with jaundice resulting from biliary stones or benign pathology did not develop these complications.
Randomized multicentre trial of oral bowel preparation and antimicrobials for elective colorectal operations
Authors: Matheson D M , Arabi Y , Baxter-Smith D , Alexander-Williams J , Keighley M R B 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA study of 120 patients undergoing elective colorectal operations has investigated the effect of adding oral neomycin and metronidazole to bowel preparation in a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Comparisons have also been made between a standard mechanical preparation and the use of an elemental diet. The addition of neomycin and metronidazole to bowel preparation significantly reduced the rate of wound sepsis (P&lt;0.01), septicaemia (P&lt;0.02) and anastomotic dehiscence (P&lt;0.02); anaerobic infections were abolished and there was a significant reduction in the incidence of aerobic Gram-negative infections. Elemental diets were shown to have no advantage over mechanical preparation.
Excluded loop syndrome: A complication of jejuno-ileal bypass for obesity
Authors: Bubenstein Richard B , Mbawa Naboth 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Excluded loop syndrome may develop in patients who undergo jejuno-ileal bypass surgery with the excluded smal intestine drained via an ileosigmoidostomy. A unique case of a morbidly obese male who underwent the procedure while on methadone maintenance therapy is presented. The major factor in the development of this disorder appears to be the high intraluminal pressures within the sigmoid colon which prevent adequate egress from the excluded loop. Narcotic medications tend to induce or intensify the syndrome.
Early results with human umbilical cord vein allografts for haemodialysis
Authors: Kester R C 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Six patients requiring intermittent haemodialysis for chronic renal failure underwent construction of an arteriovenous fistula using modified human umbilical cord vein allografts. Three grafts soon showed degenerative changes and were removed–2 thrombosed and 1 became infected. Satisfactory haemodialysis was achieved with the remaining 3 grafts. Two grafts are currently patent at 9.5 and 11 months respectively, while another graft became aneurysmal after 8 months, requiring its removal.
Results of a controlled randomized trial of proximal gastric vagotomy with and without pyloroplasty
Authors: Aeberhard P , Walther M 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The 1-5-year results of a prospective randomized trial of proximal gastric vagotomy (PGV) with and without pyloroplasty in 64 men operated upon electively for chronic duodenal ulcer are reported. The effects of the operation on gastric secretion, as tested at 6 months with pentagastrin and insulin, were the same in both groups. There was no statistically significant difference in the clinical results between the two groups.
The authors conclude that the addition of pyloroplasty makes little, if any, difference to the results of PGV. Pyloroplasty is thus better omitted as it adds nothing of value and may increase the risk of the procedure.
The relationship between the rate of gastric emptying and the dumping syndrome
Authors: Ralphs D N L , Thomson J P S , Haynes S , Lawson-Smith C , Hobsley M , Le Quesne L P 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Following an oral hypertonic glucose challenge, gastric emptying and changes in plasma volume were measured in 15 subjects before and in 36 subjects after a truncal or selective vagotomy with a drainage procedure. The symptoms experienced during the test were noted, and the postoperative patients divided into two groups, (a) 20 patients who experienced dumping symptoms during the test and (b) 16 patients who did not.
Gastric emptying was significantly faster and the fall in plasma volume significantly greater in those patients who experienced symptoms after the ingestion of hypertonic glucose than in those who did not, clearly demonstrating that the dumping syndrome is associated with an increased rate of gastric emptying. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between the rate of gastric emptying and the fall in plasma volume.
The value of pregnancy-associated α2-glycoprotein in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Wood C B , Horne C H W , Towler C M , Bohn H , Blumgart L H 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Serum pregnancy-associated α2-glycoprotein (α2PAG) levels have been measured in 67 patients with colorectal cancer. Postoperative changes in α2PAG concentrations were observed in patients undergoing apparently curative surgery and compared with results in patients with residual local or metastatic tumour. Significant increase in α2PAG levels were found only in those patients with residual or disseminated tumour. In this study α2PAG levels closely paralleted the clinical course of the disease in many patients.
Liver function and lactate metabolism in the ill surgical patient
Authors: Royle G , Kettlewell M 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Liver function and lactate metabolism were investigated in non-shocked, severely ill surgical patients. Fasting venous blood lactate concentration was increased and plasma liver function tests were abnormal in ill patients compared with controls. III patients were glucose-intolerant and blood lactate changes following intravenous glucose infusion were similar in both ill and control patients. Blood lactate half-life was increased in ill patients following a sodium L-lactate infusion, suggesting that the increased fasting lactate concentration may have been due to decreased hepatic removal rather than to increased peripheral production of lactate.
The effect of highly selective vagotomy on the relationship between gastric mucosal blood flow and acid secretion in man
Authors: Knight S E , McIsaac R L , Fielding L P 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Previous work has shown that the duodenal ulcer population can be defined by a lower ratio between gastric mucosal blood flow and acid secretion (during pentagastrin stimulation) than is found in normal subjects. The results of the present investigation have shown that the ratio is restored to normality by highly selective vagotomy. This suggests that increased tonic activity of the vagus on the parietal cell is one of the important disorders in duodenal ulceration.
Evidence for an enterotropic homone: Compensatory hyperplasia in defunctioned bowel
Authors: Williamson R C N , Bauer F L R 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The relative contributions of luminal and systemic factors to the development of compensatory intestinal hyperplasia were assessed by comparing the adaptive response to jejunal resection in functioning and defunctioned ileum. In Thiry-Vella loops of upper ileum, mucosal contents of RNA and DNA increased by 16–21 per cent 2–7 days after jejunectomy (P=0·05–0·01), but DNA specific activity was unchanged, In lower ilcum remaining in continuity with the nutrient stream, nucleic acids were elevated by 27–86 per cent (P&lt;0·001) and specific activity by 34–36 per cent (P=0·05–0·005). Proximal to the site of resection, duodenal hyperplasia was equally rapid but less intense than in the distal bowel, Full adapation requires both intraluminal nutrients and enterotropic homones to be present.