bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hereditary cataract in the Miniature Schnauzer
Authors: BARNETT K. C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTCongenital and hereditary cataract associated with microphthalmos is recorded and described in the Miniature Schnauzer in the United Kingdom. The cataract is present at birth, bilateral, essentially nuclear and usually not progressive. It is due to a simple, autosomal, recessive gene.
The laboratory diagnosis of Orthopoxvirus infection in the domestic cat
Authors: BENNETT M. , BAXBY D. , GASKELL R. M. , GASKELL C. J. , KELLY D. F. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTTwenty‐eight cases of naturally occurring feline Orthopoxvirus infection were diagnosed by combinations of virus isolation, electron microscopy, agar gel precipitation, histopathology and serology. Twenty‐five of 28 cases were positive by virus isolation on the chorioallantoic membrane of hens' eggs and in tissue culture, 22 of 28 by electron microscopy, three of five by histopathology, none by agar gel precipitation, and 17 of 17 by serology.The techniques used are described, and the results compared and discussed.
Use of a programmable, ‘physiological’ cardiac pacemaker in a dog with total atrioventricular block (with some comments on complications associated with cardiac pacemakers)
Authors: DARKE P. G. G. , BEEN M. , MARKS A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA collie‐cross dog with syncopal attacks associated with total atrioventricular heart block was successfully fitted with a programmable, ‘physiological’ pacemaker, employing atrial sensing and ventricular pacing leads. Transvenous placement of leads under sedation and local analgesia, followed by temporary pacing, then general anaesthesia for the fitting of a permanent pacemaker, offers advantages over epicardial pacing. The use of a ‘tined’ ventricular lead appears to reduce the risk of lead displacement.
Abnormal vaginal cytology in a fertile bitch
Authors: ALLEN W. EDWARD 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe changes in vaginal cytology in a Welsh Springer Spaniel bitch were examined during and after three oestrous periods. Epithelial cell changes were normal. However, polymorphonuclear leucocytes persisted in smears throughout oestrus, and gross haemorrhage occurred well into metoestrus. The bitch conceived at all three heats and had uncomplicated pregnancies.
Endoscopy (fibreoptic) of the oesophagus and stomach in the dog with persistent regurgitation or vomiting
Authors: SULLIVAN M. , MILLER A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA flexible gastrointestinal panendoscope was used to examine 90 dogs; 29 for oesophageal and 61 for gastric investigation.Twenty‐two of the oesophageal cases had changes associated with foreign body obstruction. The commonest feature was simple mucosal damage. Small numbers of strictures (5), diverticula (1) and perforations (4) were identified. The remainder of the cases were vascular rings (5) and leiomyomata (1).The 61 gastroscopies could be subdivided into the following groups: 1, no abnormalities (14); 2, chronic gastritis (16); 3, neoplasia (26); 4, others (5). Further, gastric carcinoma accounted for 36 per cent of all gastroscopic examinations. Oesophageal abnormalities were found in 13 per cent of those cases investigated for, and found to have, gastric lesions, where reflux oesophagitis (5) was the commonest lesion.
Radial agenesis in a cat
Authors: WINTERBOTHAM E. J. , JOHNSON K. A. , FRANCIS D. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTRadial agenesis in a 5‐month‐old, female, domestic shorthair cat is described. Radiographic examination revealed complete absence of the right radius and radial carpal bone, together with varus deviation of the metacarpus.
The management of elbow instability caused by premature closure of the distal radial growth plate in dogs
Authors: BARR A. R. S. , DENNY H. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical and radiographic findings associated with premature closure of the distal radial growth plate are described in 17 dogs. An increase in the humero‐radial joint space with elbow instability and pain was noted in all cases. Radial lengthening procedures were used to treat three dogs, while in seven others, the ulna was shortened to correct elbow instability. Seven dogs were treated conservatively. The results of treatment are discussed in the light of previously published findings.
Bladder retroflexion in the dog
Authors: WHITE R. A. S. , HERRTAGE M. E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTIn a series of 61 dogs examined for perineal hernia 12, (20 per cent) were found to have bladder retroflexion. Associated urinary signs were seen in only five dogs including one case with bladder rupture. Radiology was found to be the most consistently accurate means of diagnosis. Bladders were drained by catheterization, or by percutaneous or surgical cystocentesis before manipulative or surgical reduction. Conventional herniorrhaphy and castration were performed in all cases. Cystopexy was performed in only one case although recurrence of the retroflexion was not encountered in any dogs. Three dogs remained urinary incontinent after treatment.
Cyanosis and methaemoglobinaemia associated with NADH‐methaemoglobin reductase deficiency in a dog
Authors: HOARE J. A. , AUGER M. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA three‐year‐old Jack Russell Terrier bitch with cyanosis and methaemoglobinaemia associated with a deficiency of NADH‐methaemoglobin reductase is described. This is the first such case reported in Europe.
Tracheal resection and anastomosis for congenital stenosis in a dog
Authors: WHITE R. A. S. , KELLAGHER R. E. B. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA one‐year‐old Cocker Spaniel dog was presented for the investigation of exercise‐related stridor and respiratory embarrassment evident since birth. Radiography demonstrated a segmental tracheal stenosis at the thoracic inlet which was found to result from the congenital absence of tracheal rings at this point. The stenotic segment was resected at surgery and an end‐to‐end tracheal anastomosis performed. The dog now enjoys normal respiratory and exercise function with minimal narrowing of the trachea at the site of the anastomosis.
Intrabronchial foreign bodies in dogs
Authors: DOBBIE G. R. , DARKE P. G. G. , HEAD K. W. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTEight dogs referred for the investigation of a persistent cough were found to have intrabronchial foreign bodies. The salient findings were haemoptysis, halitosis, eosinophilia and, on thoracic radiographs, an ill‐defined peribronchial increase in radiodensity involving a caudal lobe bronchus. Bronchoscopy was essential to confirm the diagnosis as the results of radiography were equivocal. Removal of the foreign body via the trachea was achieved in seven patients resulting in complete recovery in six. Two dogs died of related complications.
Hydrometra in two cats
Authors: NASH A. S. , McCANDLISH I. A. P. , RENTON J. P. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTChronic abdominal distension in two female cats 2½ and 13 years old respectively was due to bilateral hydrometra. In both cases the condition resulted from absence of an internal cervical os with consequent accumulation of normal uterine secretions. The most likely cause was a segmental failure in the development of the Müllerian duct system.
Observations on the use of the ‘Seralyzer’ solid‐phase clinical chemistry system in a veterinary hospital laboratory
Authors: DOLLIN B. E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTSolid‐phase clinical chemistry techniques coupled to a microprocessor‐controlled reflectance photometer have been used alongside more traditional, mainly ‘wet’, methods of analysis for the estimation of glucose, urea, cholesterol, creatinine and haemoglobin.The instrument concerned, Ames Company's ‘Seralyzer’, was found to be precise, reliable and simple to use. Accuracy was good, but, as with any instrument primarily intended for use with human specimens, species normal values should be checked and re‐adjusted where necessary.
Excision arthroplasty as a treatment for temporomandibular dysplasia
Authors: BENNETT DAVID , PRYMAK CAROLINE 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThree cases of temporomandibular dysplasia are reported. Crepitus and pain were associated with manipulation of the lower jaw and in two cases there were episodes of open‐mouth jaw‐locking. Jaw‐locking in these two cases was not associated with displacement of the coronoid process of the mandible and impingement on the zygomatic arch. Excision arthroplasty of the temporomandibular joint (mandibular condylectomy) was successful in preventing open‐mouth jaw‐locking and in curing temporomandibular joint pain.
The surgical anatomy of the feline bulla tympanica
Authors: LITTLE C. J. L. , LANE J. G. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTPrevious descriptions of the surgical anatomy of the feline middle ear have been misleading, so that the gross features of the double‐shelled configuration are clarified here. Horner's syndrome is a frequent complication of bulla osteotomy in the cat. The authors suggest that overzealous curettage of the promontory is the most likely cause.
Hereditary cataract in the German Shepherd Dog
Authors: BARNETT K. C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTPrimary hereditary cataract is recorded and described in the German Shepherd Dog in the United Kingdom. The cataract is not congenital, it is bilateral and progressive to a certain point and is unassociated with any other ocular abnormality. It is due to an autosomal, recessive gene.The cataract is compared to that described by von Hippel in Germany in 1930 which was congenital and non‐progressive and due to a dominant gene. The two types of cataract are therefore dissimilar.
The radiological features of primary lung tumours in the dog: a review of thirty‐six cases
Authors: BARR F. J. , GIBBS C. , BROWN P. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThirty dogs with primary lung tumours and six dogs with lymphomatoid granulomatosis were referred to the University of Bristol Veterinary School between 1970 and 1985. Clinical, radiographic and pathological findings were recorded in each case. Analysis of these findings allowed assessment of those features most helpful in reaching a definitive diagnosis and prognosis in such cases.
Para‐aural abscess in the dog and cat
Authors: LANE J. G. , WATKINS P. E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe term para‐aural abscess is used to describe the condition when suppuration has extended from the external ear canal or the middle ear cavity into the surrounding soft tissues. This report describes a series of 17 dogs and three cats in which otitis had advanced to the stage of para‐aural abscess formation. The diagnostic procedures and subsequent treatments are rationalized but it is concluded that the prognosis is not favourable in most animals in which otitis has progressed to this state.
The effects of thyroxine on hair growth in the dog
Authors: GUNARATNAM PARAMESWARAN 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe effects of orally and topically administered thyroxine on hair growth were studied in normal, intact, cross‐bred male dogs maintained under the same controlled conditions of temperature and photoperiod. It was found that, irrespective of the route of administration, thyroxine produced an increase in both the rate of hair growth and in the number of hair follicles entering the anagen phase of the hair cycle. With orally administered thyroxine, the changes in hair growth were most marked in the flank region.
Animals in schools
Authors: COOPER J. E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe keeping of animals in schools is discussed, with particular reference to aspects which are of relevance to the veterinary profession. Important considerations are the attitudes of teachers and others, numbers and species of animals, sources, animal care, legal considerations, breeding, culling and euthanasia and health hazards. The role of the veterinary surgeon in ensuring that animals are kept humanely, are of maximum value, and least danger to children is emphasized.
Congenital microphthalmia and other developmental ocular anomalies in the Dobermann
Authors: LEWIS D. G. , KELLY D. F. , SANSOM J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTCongenital total blindness in three related litters of Dobermann puppies is reported. The relationship of the parents indicates an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. The blindness resulted from a range of ocular lesions that included bilateral microphthalmia, aphakia, retinal dysplasia and detachment.
Peripheral neuropathy in two dogs: correlation between clinical, electrophysiological and pathological findings
Authors: DYER K. R. , DUNCAN I. D. , HAMMANG J. P. , DUBIELZIG R. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical, electrophysiological and pathological features of two dogs with peripheral neuropathies are presented. Both dogs had clinical signs of diffuse lower motor neuron disease including paresis, hypotonia, depressed segmental spinal reflexes and generalized muscle wasting. Giant motor units and abnormal spontaneous activity were recorded in distal limb muscles. The muscle pathology demonstrated chronic denervation and re‐innervation, with extensive fibre type grouping in distal muscles in one case. The distal peripheral nerves showed a marked decrease in myelinated fibres; segmental demyelination and remyelination were a prominent feature of teased fibre preparations. In both dogs the recurrent laryngeal nerves were severely affected. The aetiology of these neuropathies remains obscure but their association with other systemic diseases is discussed.
Emerging zoonoses
Authors: GALBRAITH N. S. , BARRETT NICOLA J. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe food‐borne zoonoses are the most important zoonoses in England and Wales measured in terms of human morbidity and mortality and they include the most important emerging infections. Over the past decade there were over 100,000 laboratory reported cases of salmonellosis, about 1–5 per cent with serious extra‐intestinal complications with 427 registered deaths; there were nearly 90,000 Campylobacter infections. In salmonellosis the sources and modes of spread of infection are largely known, but veterinary and human public health measures have so far failed to control the disease. In Campylobacter enteritis however, the source and spread in most of the reported cases are unknown and control is not yet possible. Amongst the remaining less common food‐borne zoonoses, listeriosis and yersiniosis are most prominent. Both are increasing with food‐borne outbreaks of both infections having been reported, but the origin of infection of most cases recorded in England and Wales is not known.Of the new food‐borne or water‐borne diseases the most common are giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis but in neither is it clear whether the infections are predominantly of human or animal origin. The place of haemorrhagic colitis and of S. zooepidemicus infection is not yet apparent, both may emerge as important zoonoses. Streptobacillary fever, on the other hand, seems unlikely to recur with normal hygienic standards of water and milk supply.Of the occupational zoonoses Q fever and leptospirosis are the most important. Although only 1,330 cases of Q fever were reported in 10 years, it is a severe disease; 123 of them had endocarditis. Leptospirosis probably increased in incidence and emerged as a new disease of farmers and others working with cattle. S. suis type 2, a ‘new’ disease, remained a rarity.Zoonoses acquired from pets made up only a small proportion of human zoonotic infections and the only apparent change was an increase in psittacosis, the reason for which is unknown.Lastly, among the zoonoses acquired from wild and captive animals the viral haemorrhagic fevers have emerged as an important hazard in hospitals and laboratories.
Canine leishmaniasis–United Kingdom update
Authors: LONGSTAFFE J. A. , GUY M. W. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractOver a wide area of the warmer parts of the world the dog is the principal reservoir of human visceral leishmaniasis (kala‐azar), a serious and widespread protozoal disease. Following recent reports of canine leishmaniasis in the United Kingdom, this clinically vague, relapsing disease is being recognized more frequently in imported dogs. After reviewing clinico‐pathological and epidemiological aspects of the disease, this paper discusses practical problems such as the availability and relatively low efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents, mandatory serological testing of dogs in quarantine, the legal aspects of diagnosis in quarantine and the use of imported drugs. The public health risks inherent in the management of a relapsing zoonosis potentially capable of infecting man in the absence of the insect vector are evaluated.
A histopathologic study of twenty urinary bladder neoplasms in the cat
Authors: PATNAIK A. K. , SCHWARZ P. D. , GREENE R. W. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTUrinary bladder neoplasms were diagnosed in 20 cats during an eight‐year period. Histologic types included angioma, intravenous leiomyoma, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, leiomyosarcoma, haemangiosarcoma, lymphoma, and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Malignant neoplasms (18/20; 90 per cent) and malignant epithelial neoplasms (12/20; 60 per cent) predominated. Adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas were almost as common as transitional cell carcinomas. All adenocarcinomas and most transitional cell carcinomas were exophytic, in contrast to all squamous cell carcinomas and most sarcomas which were endophytic. Metaplastic, hyperplastic, and in situ changes in the adjoining mucosa of the bladder were seen commonly in the cases of epithelial neoplasms; Brunn's nests were associated more with the adenocarcinomas than with the other epithelial tumours.
A spermatozoal midpiece abnormality associated with infertility in a Llasa Apso dog
Authors: PLUMMER J. M. , WATSON P. F. , ALLEN W. E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe semen of a 9‐year‐old Llasa Apso dog with a recent history of infertility was examined by light and electron microscopy. The presenting sperm abnormality was a high percentage (87 per cent) of cells with proximal cytoplasmic droplets. With the higher resolution of differential interference contrast microscopy and with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) it was apparent that not all of the midpiece abnormalities had the appearance of typical cytoplasmic droplets. Furthermore, by TEM both axonemal and mitochondrial defects were readily demonstrated, often with evidence of degenerative mitochondria in cytoplasmic swellings at other levels of the midpiece. These severe abnormalities were apparent only by TEM of thin sections, although scanning EM was useful in identifying abnormal midpiece outlines. It is suggested that the failure of droplet migration and the midpiece ultrastructural defects were linked to a common fault in spermateliosis.
Horner's syndrome in cats and dogs: a review
Authors: van den BROEK A. H. M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe literature was reviewed and reference made to a retrospective study of cases of Horner's syndrome seen at the Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies.It was concluded that the cardinal diagnostic sign of Horner's syndrome is miosis. Ptosis, prolapse of the third eyelid and apparent enophthalmos are frequently presented but other signs of sympathetic deficit such as facial or aural vasodilatation are observed less consistently. The clinical diagnosis may be confirmed by pupillary response to cocaine.Horner's syndrome was frequently associated with trauma and less commonly with neoplasia. In a significant number of cases the cause was undetermined. Lesions of central neurons are reported infrequently while lesions of preganglionic and postganglionic neurons are described more often and appear to have a similar incidence. Preganglionic lesions most frequently involve the thoracic spinal cord and cervical sympathetic trunk while postganglionic lesions usually result from middle ear and retrobulbar disorders. The site of the lesion may be determined on the basis of clinical signs and pupillary response to phenyladrenalin or hydroxyamphetamine which both distinguish postganglionic lesions from preganglionic and central lesions.
A behavioural study of a beagle bitch and her litter during the first three weeks of lactation
Authors: GRANT TOM R. 
Published: April 2008

SUMMARYThe aim of the project reported here was to study the behaviour of a beagle bitch and her puppies using a video camera. This allowed continuous discreet observations of the animals throughout the twenty‐four hours of each day. Changes in maternal behaviour from whelping to the start of weaning, and the way in which feeding and cleaning activity varied between daytime and night‐time were easily assessed by the system. It was also possible to assess the effect of the presence of people during the day on the bitch's behaviour.
Inherited copper toxicosis in the Bedlington terrier: the prevalence in asymptomatic dogs
Authors: HERRTAGE M. E. , SEYMOUR C. A. , WHITE R. A. S. , SMALL G. M. , WIGHT D. G. D. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTCopper toxicosis in the Bedlington terrier is an inherited defect. This paper describes the investigation of 62 Bedlington terriers, none of which had shown any clinical signs of liver disease, in order to assess the prevalence of copper toxicosis in the breed in the United Kingdom. Twenty one (33·9 per cent) of the dogs investigated had abnormally high levels of copper in the liver. No reliable circulating haematological or biochemical parameters were found to identify those dogs with increased hepatic copper levels and the diagnosis could only be established by liver biopsy. Affected dogs had liver copper levels of between 257·5 and 2558·0 μpg per g of wet weight (1163·8 ± 164 μg/g, mean ± SEM) compared with normal dogs which had between 9·9 and 118·6 μg/g of wet weight (49·0 & 4·4 μg/g, mean ± SEM). Copper accumulation in the liver of affected dogs could also be detected on histological examination using special stains.
Eumycetoma in a British cat
Authors: BROEK A. H. M. van Dden , THODAY K. L. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA case of feline eumycetoma is described. The lesions principally affected the soft tissues of the right hip and right sublumbar region and were characterized by granulomatous swelling with sinuses, discharging pus containing black granules. The latter consisted of aggregations of fungal hyphae which on culture were identified as belonging to the genus Torula. The cat died before treatment could be instigated. Previous reports of eumycetoma in animals are reviewed.
Rhinoscopy: a diagnostic aid?
Authors: SULLIVAN MARTIN 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTSixty dogs with confirmed chronic nasal disease were examined rhinoscopically. The relative merits of the otoscope, an arthroscope and a flexible bronchoscope as instruments are discussed. Rhinoscopy has a limited place in the investigation of chronic nasal discharge in the dog due to the volume of discharge present and induced haemorrhage. It is most useful in cases of destructive rhinitis (including aspergillosis) and foreign body obstruction.
Hereditary myopathy in Labrador Retrievers: clinical variations
Authors: McKERRELL R. E. , BRAUND K. G. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFour cases of Labrador Retriever myopathy are described. These examples have been chosen to illustrate the variation in clinical signs which may be seen in this condition, and include the first example of a confirmed case of Labrador Retriever myopathy in which mega‐oesophagus has been reported as a complicating feature. The implications of the clinical variations in diagnosis, management and control of the condition are discussed.