bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On secular resonances of small bodies in the planetary systems
Authors: Ji Jianghui , Liu L. , Li G. Y. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe investigate the secular resonances for massless small bodies and Earth-like planets in several planetary systems. We further compare the results with those of Solar System. For example, in the GJ 876 planetary system, we show that the secular resonances ν1and ν2(respectively, resulting from the inner and outer giant planets) can excite the eccentricities of the Earth-like planets with orbits 0.21≤a<0.50 AU and eject them out of the system in a short timescale. However, in a dynamical sense, the potential zones for the existence of Earth-like planets are in the area 0.50≤a≤1.00 AU, and there exist all stable orbits last up to 105yr with low eccentricities. For other systems, e.g., 47 UMa, we also show that the Habitable Zones for Earth-like planets are related to both secular resonances and mean motion resonances in the systems.
Space weathering of asteroids: similarities and discrepancies between Main Belt asteroids and NEOs
Authors: Marchi S. , Paolicchi P. , Lazzarin M. , Magrin S. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA sample of 35 C–complex objects is present among near–Earth objects. In spite of the poor statistics, some striking differences compared to Main Belt asteroids can be established: for instance the percentage of near–Earth objects (NEOs) showing hydration features is very small. Moreover the spectral slope of C–complex NEOs seems to be anti–correlated with the exposure to the ion flux coming from the Sun, in contrast with the general behavior of C–complex Main Belt asteroids (and of most asteroids, in general). We discuss some possible implications and suggest some preliminary partial explanations.
Initial linking methods and their classification
Authors: Kristensen Leif Kahl 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe problem of initial linking of asteroids is of increasing interest for the next generation surveys. During the first week after discovery elliptical elements are very uncertain and other methods are used. A summary is given of 7 initial linking methods. There are two different types: In one, a search area is computed on a second night from the known and undoubtedly linked positions, typically on the first night. The other type assumes candidates which are then checked by the computation of O – C residuals of an orbit. Computations may be classified as belonging to the 3-dimensional space or the 2-dimensional sky-plane. A new basis, with a simpler computational algorithm, is given for the widely used Väisälä method. For a new N-Observation Orbit method a simple, efficient PC-programme is given.
Spins, shapes, and orbits for near-Earth objects by Nordic NEON
Authors: Muinonen Karri , Torppa Johanna , Virtanen Jenni , Näränen Jyri , Niemel Jarkko , Granvik Mikael , Laakso Teemu , Parviainen Hannu , Aksnes Kaare , Dai Zhang , Ingvar Lagerkvist Claes , Rickman Hans , Karlsson Ola , Hahn Gerhard , Michelsen René , Grav Tommy , Pravec Petr , Jørgensen Uffe Gråe 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe observing program of the Nordic Near-Earth-Object Network (NEON) accrues knowledge about the physical and dynamical properties of near-Earth objects (NEOs) using state-of-the-art inverse methods. Photometric and astrometric observations are being carried out at the Nordic Optical Telescope. Here, the NEON observations from June 2004–September 2006 are reviewed. Statistical orbital inversion is illustrated by the so-called Volume-of-Variation method. Statistical inversion for spins and shapes is carried using a simple triaxial shape model yielding analytical disk-integrated brightnesses for both Lommel-Seeliger and Lambert scattering laws. The novel approach allows spin-shape error analyses with the help of large numbers of sample solutions. Currently, such spin-shape solutions have been derived for 2002 FF12, 2003 MS2, 2003 RX7, and 2004 HW. For (1862) Apollo, an unambiguous spin-shape solution has been obtained using the conventional, convex inversion method and, for (1685) Toro and (1981) Midas, the conventional method has been applied repeatedly to map the regime of possible solutions.
The next decade of Solar System discovery with Pan-STARRS
Authors: Jedicke Robert , Magnier E. A. , Kaiser N. , Chambers K. C. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS) at the University of Hawaii's Institute for Astronomy is a funded project to repeatedly survey the entire visible sky to faint limiting magnitudes (mR ~ 24). It will be composed of four 1.8m diameter apertures each outfitted with fast readout orthogonal transfer Giga-pixel CCD cameras. A single aperture prototype telescopes has achieved first-light in the second half of 2006 with the full system becoming available a few years later. Roughly 60% of the surveying will be suitable for discovery of new solar system objects and it will cover the ecliptic, opposition and low solar-elongation regions. In a single lunation Pan-STARRS will detect about five times more solar system objects than the entire currently known sample. Within its first year Pan-STARRS will have detected 20,000 Kuiper Belt Objects and by the end of its ten year operational lifetime we expect to have found 107 Main Belt objects and achieve ~90% observational completeness for all NEOs larger than ~300m diameter. With these data in hand Pan-STARRS will revolutionize our knowledge of the contents and dynamical structure of the solar system.
Kharkiv study of near-Earth asteroids
Authors: Krugly Yu. N. , Gaftonyuk N. M. , Belskaya I. N. , Chiorny V. G. , Shevchenko V. G. , Velichko F. P. , Lupishko D. F. , Konovalenko A. A. , Falkovich I. S. , Molotov I. E. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe regular CCD observations of near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) in the Institute of Astronomy of Kharkiv National University were initiated in 1995 within the framework of asteroid hazard problem in collaboration with the DLR, Institute of Planetary Research (Berlin). The main aim of the study is a determination of rotation periods and shapes of NEAs as well as astrometry of newly discovered objects. We also carry out the absolute photometry of NEAs inBVRIbands in order to put constraints on surface properties and to estimate their diameters. The observations are carried out with 0.7-m telescope of the Institute of Astronomy (Kharkiv) and with 1-m telescope of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory (Simeiz) in the standard Johnson-Cousins photometric system. Some observations were made as an optical support of radar observation of NEAs. We present the results of photometric observations of 21 NEAs obtained in 2004-2006 which include asteroid rotation properties, diameters and shapes.
The observations of Near Earth Objects by the automatic mirror astrograph ZA–320M at Pulkovo observatory
Authors: Devyatkin A. V. , Kulish A. P. , Kouprianov V. V. , Gorshanov D. L. , Bekhteva A. S. , Krakosevich O. V. , Aleshkina E. Yu. , Ibragimov F. M. , L'vov V. N. , Smekhacheva R. I. , Tsekmeister S. D. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAt Pulkovo Observatory, we conduct observations of various Solar System bodies: major planets, their satellites, comets, and asteroids, including Near Earth Objects. For these purposes, a robotic telescope was constructed on the base of the ZA–320 Mirror Astrograph (D=320 mm, F=3200 mm). It can perform CCD observations of Solar System bodies with the limiting magnitude of up to 19.0.Independent ephemeris support is provided by the EPOS software package developed at Pulkovo Observatory; it includes tracing of catalogues of comets and asteroids, regular ephemeris calculations, and control of observations. CCD frame processing is done by the Apex automatic data reduction package developed at Pulkovo Observatory.In 2001-2006, more than 12000 observations of minor Solar System bodies were collected, including more than 6000 positions of 656 NEAs, about 1200 observations of 27 comets, and about 2000 observations of major planets satellites. The mean accuracy of obtained positions is 0″.09−0″.40. Results of observations are regularly submitted to the Minor Planet Center.Currently, ZA–320M is the 16-th of more than 680 telescopes in the worldwide rating of those that observe NEAs (by the number of observations).In the near future, our group is planning to start observations with another two robotic telescopes: MTM–500 (D=500 mm, F=4000 mm Maksutov) and 1-meter telescope (D=1000 mm, F=1200 mm) of the Pulkovo mountain station at Northern Caucasus (Kislovodsk, 2100 m above sea level). These two instruments will allow to increase the number of observations, their accuracy, and limiting magnitude (up to 20.5 mag).
A family of low-cost transfer orbits for rendezvous-type missions to NEAs
Authors: Berinde Ştefan 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe develop a family of transfer orbits suitable for the peculiarity of NEAs orbits. They involve one or more carefully planned deep-space maneuvers and one or more close encounters with the Earth. Basically, it is a gravity assist technique, but only Earth is used as the driving planet. In this manner, the orbit of the spacecraft stays near the Earth, as the orbits of NEAs. The idea is to obtain a large relative velocity in respect to the Earth, using these impulsive maneuvers. Next, successive rotations of this relative velocity vector due to resonant encounters with the Earth will, finally, shape the orbit of the spacecraft, in order to match the inclination and the orientation of apsidal line of the asteroid's orbit.With a velocity budget less than 9 km/s most of NEAs orbits are reachable, even highly inclined ones, or orbits with relatively large nodal distances. An example is given: a rendezvous mission to asteroid (1036) Ganymed.
Admissible regions for too short arcs: nodal distances and elongations
Authors: Valk Stéphane , Lemaitre Anne 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis study is based on the definition of the admissible region introduced by Milani et al.(2004); in the search for potential Earth impactors, this theory allows to take into account the partial data of the TSA (Too Short Arcs) from which it is impossible to deduce a full orbit. Only a set of 4 variables (two angles and their instantaneous time derivatives), called an attributable, is known; a few suitable boundary conditions allow to restrict the motions to a specific bounded 2-dimensional region. In this work, a new inner boundary of this region is introduced, based on the geocentric hyperbolic motion of the immediate impactors; the nodal distances (crossings of the virtual asteroidal orbits with the Earth's orbit) are drawn for two different test attributables, associated with a determination of circular and linear orbits. This could reduce the search for impactors (by propagation of the orbits) to a one-dimensional set. A few comments about elongations and complementary curves complete this paper.
Demographics of Preschoolers Who Require AAC
Authors: Binger Cathy , Light Janice 
Published: May 2007

Purpose
The purpose of the investigation was to gather demographic information pertaining to preschoolers who require augmentative and alternative communication (AAC).

Method
To obtain this information, a survey was developed and then distributed to preschool speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in Pennsylvania.

Results
Results indicated that approximately 12% of preschoolers receiving special education services required AAC. These children came from diverse ethnic and racial backgrounds, had a wide variety of disabilities, used a range of AAC systems, and required services from a wide range of educational professionals.

Implications
The findings indicate the pressing need for all preschool SLPs to be prepared to provide services for children who require AAC.
Treatment Decisions for Children With Speech–Sound Disorders
Authors: Kamhi Alan G. 
Published: May 2007

PurposeIn this article, I consider how research, clinical expertise, client values, a clinician’s theoretical perspective, and service delivery considerations affect the decisions that clinicians make to treat children with speech–sound disorders (SSD).MethodAfter reviewing the research on phonological treatment, I discuss how a clinician’s theoretical perspective influences goal selection. Five perspectives are considered: (a) normative; (b) bottom-up, discrete skill; (c) language-based; (d) broad-based; and (e) complexity-based. The literature on treatment efficiency is then considered, followed by a discussion of service delivery factors, client values, and clinician factors.ImplicationsI believe like M. Ylvisaker (2004) that treatment decisions are influenced the most by the changes that occur in client behaviors. These changes must, however, be experimentally validated, which is not always easy to do. M. Ylvisaker suggests that validation could take the form of trial therapy, diagnostic teaching, or dynamic assessment, but it may also be important to show that the treatment provided, not some other variable, was primarily responsible for the behavioral change (A. Tyler, personal communication, January 11, 2006).
Increasing Print Awareness in Preschoolers With Language Impairment Using Non-Evocative Print Referencing
Authors: Lovelace Sherri , Stewart Sharon R. 
Published: May 2007

Purpose
This study examined the extent to which using non-evocative, explicit referencing of print concepts during shared storybook reading in the context of language therapy facilitated print concept knowledge in children with language impairment.

Method
Five children, ages 4 to 5 years, were provided scripted input on 20 print concepts during shared storybook reading that was incorporated into individualized 30-min language intervention sessions that were conducted in the children’s classroom twice weekly. The children were not required to make any response to the input on print concepts, and the input was secondary to instruction in the language targets during the 10-min shared storybook reading activity.

Results
Using a single-subject, multiple probe design across subjects, results indicated that children’s knowledge of print concepts improved markedly when the procedure was incorporated into shared storybook reading and that they continued to learn and maintain knowledge of print concepts with repeated input.

Clinical Implications
These findings suggest that children with language impairment may benefit from simple non-evocative, explicit referencing strategies that can be easily incorporated into the context of storybook reading during language therapy, thus providing speech-language pathologists with an additional tool for facilitating children’s literacy skills.
Longitudinal Predictors of Implicit Phonological Awareness Skills
Authors: Rvachew Susan 
Published: May 2007

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal predictive relationships among variables that may contribute to poor phonological awareness skills in preschool-age children with speech-sound disorders.

Method
Forty-seven children with speech-sound disorders were assessed during the spring of their prekindergarten year and again at the end of their kindergarten year. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to examine relationships among the children’s prekindergarten and kindergarten performance on measures of speech perception, vocabulary, articulation, and phonological awareness skills in order to verify a proposed developmental ordering of these variables during this 1-year period.

Results
Prekindergarten speech perception skills and receptive vocabulary size each explained unique variance in phonological awareness at the end of kindergarten. Prekindergarten articulation abilities did not predict unique variance in phonological awareness a year later. Prekindergarten speech perception skills also explained unique variance in articulation skills at the end of kindergarten.

Conclusions
Maximizing children’s vocabulary and speech perception skills before they begin school may be an important strategy for ensuring that children with speech-sound disorders begin school with age-appropriate speech and phonological awareness abilities.
Adaptation to an Electropalatograph Palate: Acoustic, Impressionistic, and Perceptual Data
Authors: McLeod Sharynne , Searl Jeff 
Published: May 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate adaptation to the electropalatograph (EPG) from the perspective of consonant acoustics, listener perceptions, and speaker ratings.MethodSeven adults with typical speech wore an EPG and pseudo-EPG palate over 2 days and produced syllables, read a passage, counted, and rated their adaptation to the palate. Consonant acoustics, listener ratings, and speaker ratings were analyzed.ResultsThe spectral mean for the burst (/t/) and frication (/s/) was reduced for the first 60–120 min of wearing the pseudo-EPG palate. Temporal features (stop gap, frication, and syllable duration) were unaffected by wearing the pseudo-EPG palate. The EPG palate had a similar effect on consonant acoustics as the pseudo-EPG palate. Expert listener ratings indicated minimal to no change in speech naturalness or distortion from the pseudo-EPG or EPG palate. The sounds /t∫, dʒ, ∫, s, z, ʒ/ were most likely to be affected. Speaker self-ratings related to oral comfort, speech, tongue movement, appearance, and oral sensation were negatively affected by the presence of the palatal devices.ConclusionsSpeakers detected a substantial difference when wearing a palatal device, but the effects on speech were minimal based on listener ratings. Spectral features of consonants were initially affected, although adaptation occurred. Wearing an EPG or pseudo-EPG palate for approximately 2 hr results in relatively normal-sounding speech with acoustic features similar to a no-palate condition.
Facilitating Behavioral Change in Voice Therapy: The Relevance of Motivational Interviewing
Authors: Behrman Alison 
Published: May 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to present an exploration of some of the issues surrounding adherence to vocal behavioral change in voice therapy within the context of Motivational Interviewing (MI) and to explore MI’s potential for integration into voice therapy (MI-adapted voice therapy). MI is a style of interpersonal communication in which resistance is minimized through the use of skillful listening in a directive, constructive discussion about behavior change. The goal of MI-adapted voice therapy is to enhance patient adherence to vocal behavioral change.MethodA narrative review of the literature is presented, together with the experiences of the author with 10 adult patients with voice disorders who participated in MI-adapted voice therapy.ResultsIt is shown that the principles of MI can be applied throughout the therapy program. Points of resistance to vocal behavioral change that were common across many patients appeared to be addressed appropriately by specific MI dialogue strategies.ConclusionsIt is concluded that MI-adapted voice therapy holds promise as an approach to address patient adherence to vocal behavioral change. However, research is necessary to define the efficacy of this approach and the factors associated with its efficacy.
A Closer Look at Transcription Intelligibility for Speakers With Dysarthria: Evaluation of Scoring Paradigms and Linguistic Errors Made by Listeners
Authors: Hustad Katherine C. 
Published: May 2007

Purpose
This study addressed the effects of 3 different paradigms for scoring orthographic transcriptions of dysarthric speech on intelligibility scores. The study also examined whether there were differences in transcription accuracy among words from different linguistic classes.

Method
Speech samples were collected from 12 speakers with dysarthria of varying severity. Twelve different listeners made orthographic transcriptions of each speaker, for a total of 144 listeners. Transcriptions were scored using 3 different paradigms: total word phonemic match, informational word phonemic match, and informational word semantic match. Transcriptions were also coded into 3 linguistic categories: content words, modifiers, and functors. The number of words that each listener transcribed correctly within each category was tallied.

Results
There were significant differences among the 3 scoring paradigms. However, the magnitude of differences was relatively small. In addition, listeners transcribed functor words more accurately than content words or modifiers. They also transcribed free morphemes more accurately than bound morphemes.

Conclusions
The specific scoring paradigm that clinicians employ for measuring speech intelligibility appears to be relatively inconsequential as long as consistent procedures are used. Analyses of the kinds of words that listeners transcribe correctly suggest that interventions focusing on listener processing strategies should be considered for enhancing intelligibility of speakers with chronic dysarthria.
Parents' and Professionals' Perceptions of the Implementation of Family-Centered Practices in Child Assessments
Authors: Crais Elizabeth R. , Roy Vicky Poston , Free Karen 
Published: May 2007

PurposeTo determine the degree to which early intervention professionals and families agreed on whether specific family-centered practices were implemented in specific child assessments and which practices were viewed as important to include in future child assessments.MethodA self-rating instrument was used to survey 134 early intervention professionals (across a variety of disciplines) and 58 family members in triads (2 professionals and 1 family member for each assessment) after they had participated together in a child assessment. Participants were asked to identify across 41 family-centered practices whether the practice was implemented (actual practice) and would be important to include in future assessments (ideal practice).ResultsAgreement between families and professionals and between professionals was high for both actual practices (69% and 78%, respectively) and ideal practices (82% and 84%, respectively). Some practices were frequently implemented, whereas others were seldom implemented. Both professionals and families viewed most of the practices as ideal. However, an implementation gap was seen on almost half of the practices between what families and professionals viewed as actually implemented and what was ideal implementation.ConclusionsAlthough a number of family-centered practices were implemented in the child assessments studied, the results pinpointed specific practices that professionals and families agreed should be changed. The results can serve as a guide for enhancing the implementation of, and continued investigation into, family-centered practices in child assessment and can add key information toward the identification of evidence-based practices.