bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE COMPARATIVE HYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITIES OF THE ACETATES OF D-ALDOSTERONE AND DEOXYCORTICOSTERONE
Authors: Hall C. E. , Hall O. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The hypertensive effect of the acetates of d-aldosterone and deoxycorticosterone was compared by injecting 0.125 mg of each twice daily in oil subcutaneously into unilaterally nephrectomized rats given 1% saline solution to drink. The two hormones had entirely comparable activity in respect to the enhancement of saline consumption, the development of hypertension and the magnitude of cardiac enlargement induced. Aldosterone treatment caused a much greater degree of renal hypertrophy and far more severe vascular lesions in the heart and kidney. It is suggested that both of these effects may reflect the superior ability of aldosterone to cause potassium excretion and therefore a more severe hypokaliaemia. Only aldosterone caused thymic involution, believed to be an indirect response, and impairment of body growth.
Under the circumstances of this experiment the hypertensive potency of aldosterone was at least as great as that of deoxycorticosterone, and the ability to bring about vascular damage far greater. Although it is recognized that this relationship might not obtain at all dose levels of the two steroids, it is suggested that the lesser activity usually ascribed to aldosterone as compared with DCA when the two are given in dosages calculated to cause an equivalent degree of sodium retention, may reflect the operation of variables such as absorption rate, enzymatic inactivation rate and hence the respective quantities in the circulation at any given time, rather than differences in the inherent potency.
THE EFFECT OF SYNTHETIC ANGIOTENSIN-II-AMIDE AND METHOPYRAPONE (SU 4885) ON THE HISTOCHEMISTRY OF THE ADRENAL CORTEX OF INTACT AND HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED RATS
Authors: Lamberg B.-A. , Pettersson T. , Gordin A. , Karlsson R. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The effect of angiotensin-II-amide (Val-5-Hypertensin-II-amide, Hypertensin®, Ciba) and methopyrapone (Metopiron®, Ciba) on the lipid accumulation and activities of glucose-6-phosphate and succinic acid dehydrogenase (G-6-PD and SAD) in the zona glomerulosa (ZG) of intact and hypophysectomized rats was studied. Angiotensin induced lipid accumulation and activitation of the enzyme activity in intact rats. Hypophysectomy produced widening of the ZG and lipid accumulation. In hypophysectomized animals, the enzyme activity decreased markedly in zona fasciculata but appeared fairly intense in the enlarged ZG. The effect of angiotensin on the ZG of hypophysectomized rats was not as clearly defined as in intact animals. Angiotensin, however, seemed further to stimulate the activity of G-6-PD. Methopyrapone alone did not induce any marked changes in ZG of intact rats but when given in conjunction with angiotensin, the effect clearly exceeded that of angiotensin alone with regard to lipid accumulation and the activities of both G-6-PD and SAD. No synergistic effect was found in hypophysectomized animals.
EFFECT OF THYROIDECTOMY AND LOW ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE (4.4° C) UPON PLASMA AND PITUITARY THYROTROPHIN IN THE RAT
Authors: Panda J. N. , Turner C. W. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The content of thyrotrophin (TSH) in rat plasma and hypophyses was determined by means of the haemagglutination inhibition reaction. Mature female rats maintained at 26° C had a plasma TSH level of 0.94 mU/ml and a mean pituitary TSH level of 68.26 mU/mg. After 10 days of thyroidectomy the plasma TSH increased to 2.15 mU/ml, and to 2.81 mU/ml after 20 days. The TSH/mg of the pituitary glands was reduced to 40.4 mU after 10 days and to 35.0 mU after 20 days. After 25 days of thyroidectomy, L-Thyroxine (L-T4) at level of 2.5 μg/100 g body weight was injected for 1, 3 and 5 days. The plasma TSH level was reduced to 1.59, to 1.48 and 1.06 mU/ml, respectively. The pituitary TSH/mg was 37.5, 38.6 and 77.9 mU, respectively.
When rats held at 26° C were exposed to a temperature at 4.4° C for 10 and 20 days, the plasma TSH increased to 2.15 and 2.69 mU/ml, respectively. The pituitary TSH increased to 108.04 and to 240.9 mU/mg, respectively.
The combined effect of thyroidectomy and 4.4° C for 10 and 20 days, caused the plasma TSH to increase to 4.37 mU/ml after 10 days then decline to 2.4 mU/ml after 20 days. The pituitary TSH declined to 43.79 and 37.58 mU/mg, respectively. When thyroidectomized rats held at 4.4° C for 20 days were returned to 26° C for 4 days, the plasma level declined to 1.44 mU/ml and the pituitary remained low, 34.90 mU/mg.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE MAXIMAL THYROXINE BINDING CAPACITIES OF THYROXINE-BINDING INTERALPHA GLOBULIN AND THYROXINE-BINDING PREALBUMIN, THE SERUM PROTEIN BOUND IODINE CONCENTRATION AND SEXUAL MATURITY IN ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Goldsmith R. E. , Rauh J. L. , Kloth R. , Dahlgren J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The serum PBI concentration and the maximal thyroxine binding capacity for TBG and TBPA were determined in 100 adolescents. The subjects were classified according to sex and degree of sexual maturity. PBI was determined by an autoanalyzer method: Maximal thyroxine binding capacity for TBG fell with increasing maturation in males while TBPA capacity rose in both sexes. The slight changes in serum PBI noted with increasing sexual maturity correlated directly with the slight changes in TBG binding capacity; no correlation between PBI and TBPA binding capacity was observed as maturity progressed.
THE PURIFICATION OF 125I-GLUCAGON OF HIGH SPECIFIC ACTIVITY FOR RADIOIMMUNOCHEMICAL ESTIMATION OF GLUCAGON AND A QUALITATIVE COMPARISON OF GLUCAGON FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES
Authors: Schopman W. , Hackeng W. H. L. , Steendijk C. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Radioactively labelled glucagon gave a low percentage binding with antibodies.
This was not caused by a low antibody concentration in the antisera, but due to lack of reactivity of a part of the labelled glucagon to the antibodies. The radioactive glucagon was purified therefore by antibody binding and isolation of the antigen-antibody complex by gelfiltration. 125I-glucagon suitable for radioimmunochemical assay was obtained after dissociation of the complex.
Parallelism of response was studied in beef-pork glucagon, pork glucagon, extracts of dog and human pancreas and extracts of human plasma.
From the results it was concluded that the antiglucagon serum used did not discriminate between beef-pork, pork, human and dog glucagon.
Moreover glucagon was identified radioimmunochemically in extracts of some parts of the human gastrointestinal tract.
FURTHER STUDIES ON RNA AND PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS IN THE OVARIECTOMIZED MOUSE UTERUS
Authors: Mansour A. Maher 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
RNA was isolated from the ovarian and uterine tissues of calves by the cold phenol procedure. 10 OD of uterine-RNA, ovarian-RNA or the equivalent volume of normal saline was injected into the uterine lumen of ovariectomized mice. Alkaline phosphatase and β-glucuronidase levels in the uterus were studied 3 days following the intra-uterine injections. Results indicate that both U-RNA and O-RNA were able to induce protein (enzyme) production in the atrophied mouse uterus. Although U-RNA caused higher β-glucuronidase content of the uterus than O-RNA, the physiological state of the tissue used to supply the RNA did not have any effect. Ribonuclease and KOH digestion of the RNA extract abolishes its action. Actinomycin D given simultaneously with RNA represses the latter's action. The possibility of hormonal contamination in the RNA extraction is discussed and should be ruled out after ether washing.
IODIDE METABOLISM IN ONTARIO
Authors: Rosen Fred , Ezrin Calvin , Volpé Robert 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Various parameters of inorganic iodide metabolism have been measured in a group of 22 healthy young women in a previous endemic goitre region of Ontario. The mean plasma inorganic iodide (PII) was comparable to values obtained in North America and Iceland, but higher than those in Scotland. The increased utilization of iodized salt in North America is thought to be responsible for this difference, and for the reduced incidence of endemic goitre. The thyroidal radioiodine clearance tended to be low (10.1 ml/min), but the absolute iodide uptake (AIU) was comparable to values obtained in the United States. The renal clearance of radioiodine was 30.0 ml/min. This compares well with values reported from around the world.
GONADAL DYSGENESIS WITH XX-ISOCHROMOSOME CONSTITUTION AND ABNORMAL THYROID PATTERNS
Authors: Milet R. G. , Plunkett E. R. , Carr D. H. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The authors report a female patient with XXi constitution for the long arm of the X chromosome associated with thyroid abnormalities, high digital ridge count and chronic suppurative otitis media.
This is followed by a discussion of the correlation between genotype and phenotype, comment on the Lyon hypothesis, the relationship of thyroid abnormalities to this condition, autoimmune disease, unbalanced sex chromosomal constitution and the association with a high total digital ridge count.
Finally a single hypothesis is proposed for the associated clinical entities that have been found and the suggestion that the classification of this particular type of gonadal dysgenesis be considered as a new syndrome, the »XX-isochromosome syndrome«.
CHANGES IN PHOSPHORUS CLEARANCE DETERMINED BY THE ADMINISTRATION OF GLUCOSE IN DISEASES OF THE PARATHYROIDS AND IN OTHER PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
Authors: Martini P. F. , Piancino G. , Modica A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A reduction in tubular phosphorus reabsorption caused by the effect of competition induced by the intravenous injection of a glucose load, may provide information on the state of phosphorus reabsorption before the introduction of the glucose.
The authors use the term Cp1 for the phosphorus clearance value in the basic condition and Cp2 to indicate clearance modification brought about by glucose. The ratio Cp2/Cp1 thus shows the increase over the basic clearance. For normal subjects (10 cases) the ratio varied between 1.7 and 3.7 (mean value 2.6); in simple renal calculus (10 cases), in osteoporosis (2 cases), in thyrotoxicosis (3 cases), and in prolonged heparin therapy (2 cases) the ratio was within the normal range; in acromegaly (4 cases) the values tended to be above normal. There was a characteristic increase in the value of the ratio only in the case of hypoparathyroidism (3 patients). The reduction in the ratio found in hyperparathyroidism (3 cases) cannot be considered as characteristic since a reduction was also observed on occasion in other diseases, namely Paget's disease (1 case out of 2) and osseous metastasis (2 cases out of 4).
EXCRETION OF GONADOTROPHINS DURING GESTAGEN- AND OESTROGEN-TREATMENT
Authors: Starup J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
5 menopausal and 12 oophorectomized women aged 31 to 56 were divided in two comparable groups. The first group was treated with a daily dose of 5 mg of 6-methyl-6-dehydro-17α-acetoxyprogesterone (megestrol acetate) continuously, and the second group received a daily dose of 0.1 mg of 17α-ethynyl-oestradiol-3-methylether (mestranol) also continuously. The patients were observed for 12 to 63 weeks. The excretion of total pituitary gonadotrophins was determined every 2 to 4 weeks during treatment and every week during the period after the end of treatment.
During treatment with megestrol acetate it was characteristic of all 9 patients in this group that the excretion of gonadotrophins showed very marked variations from time to time, but in none of the 9 patients was there any significant suppression of the gonadotrophins.
During treatment with mestranol there was a significant suppression of the gonadotrophins in 7 out of the 8 patients in this group, and in 3 patients the excretion became undetectable. The suppression of gonadotrophins occurred gradually over a period of about 4 months. The gonadotrophin output reached pre-treatment levels 2 to 9 weeks (an average of 5 weeks) after treatment was discontinued.
This effect of megestrol acetate and mestranol respectively on the excretion of total pituitary gonadotrophins was compared with the effect of a combination of both substance reported in a previous paper. With this combination it seems to be the oestrogen exclusively which causes the suppression of total gonadotrophins. No synergistic effect of the oestrogen and the gestagen was found.
DER INSULINHYPOGLYKÄMIE-TEST ALS FUNKTIONSPRÜFUNG DES HYPOTHALAMUS-HYPOPHYSEN-NEBENNIERENRINDEN-SYSTEMS.
Authors: Bethge H. , Irmscher K. , Solbach H. G. , Winkelmann W. , Zimmermann H. , Bayer J. M. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
In 50 patients determinations of blood sugar and corticosteroids in plasma (11-OHCS) were carried out during insulin-induced hypoglycaemia. In 9 out of 11 patients with Cushing's syndrome (bilateral adrenal hyperplasia) the characteristic finding was a missing increase of 11-OHCS concentrations during hypoglycaemia. On the contrary, 5 patients with alimentary obesity and clinical signs of hypercorticism showed a normal or even increased adrenocortical response. The results obtained in 7 patients with uncomplicated central diabetes insipidus did not differ from those in normal subjects, while 2 further patients with diabetes insipidus, complicated with secondary adrenocortical insufficiency, failed to respond. Findings in 12 patients with anorexia nervosa are consistent with a normal function of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. According to plasma corticosteroid response during hypoglycaemia results obtained in 15 patients with disorders of hypothalamus and/or hypophysis may be divided into three groups. The significance of this classification with regard to replacement therapy is discussed. Observations show that plasma corticosteroid estimations during insulin-induced hypoglycaemia provide a simple and reliable method to ascertain the function of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis (insulinhypoglycaemiatest).
ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF THE VENTRAL PROSTATE TEST ACCORDING TO PAESI & DE JONGH
Authors: de Groot C. A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The quantitative aspects of the ventral prostate test for LH activity according to Paesi & De Jongh have been studied. In this modification, the interval between hypophysectomy and the first LH injection is limited to one day. the duration of the treatment is six days and the weights of the male recipient rats are 35–40 g.
Dose-effect curves of LH-induced ventral prostate weight gain consist of two parts, each with its own slope. In the lower dosage range, there is »atrophy reduction«, i. e. the final prostate weights are between the saline control values and the mean ventral prostate weight of as yet nonhypophysectomized animals weighing 35–40 g. Higher doses of LH produce » growth« i. e. the ventral prostates are heavier than those of the non-hypophysectomized animals.
In contrast to HCG and rat hypophyseal extracts it is not possible to obtain »true growth« with NIH-LH.
The ventral prostate weight increase is a sensitive criterion of LH activity and can be used as a bioassay method, provided the LH to be tested is normally active in the rat and sufficiently stable.
PROTEOLYTIC AND AUTOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF SKELETAL MUSCLE IN TURNER'S SYNDROME
Authors: Stånescu V. , Biener Jeanne , Grigorescu A. , Diaconescu Cornelia , Maximilian C. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Assays of acid autolysis, acid and alkaline cathepsins, GOT transaminase and acid phosphatases activities were performed on muscle biopsy specimens in 10 patients with Turner's syndrome and 7 control subjects.
An increase in the acid autolysis and alkaline cathepsins activity and a non-significant increase in the acid cathepsins activity were found. GOT transaminase and acid phosphatases activities were similar in both groups, but the increase in acid phosphatases activity after triton X-100 was higher than in the controls.
HETEROGENEITY OF SLOPE BETWEEN TWO PERGONAL PREPARATIONS
Authors: Steinberger Emil , Persky Harold , Cuffari William J. , Duckett Gregory E. , McIntosh Natalie , Sambucca Albert 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The luteinizing activity of two urinary postmenopausal gonadotrophin preparations (Pergonal-24 and -26) was measured by the ovarian ascorbic acid depletion test. Comparison of the slopes for the log dose-response regression lines by means of a t-test revealed that these two preparations were significantly different. This result indicates that Pergonal-24 and -26 cannot be used interchangeably as reference standards for the determination of urinary LH activity.
ON THE PRESENCE OF PRECORTICOTROPHIN – A PRECURSOR OF CORTICOTROPHIN IN VARIOUS MAMMALIAN HYPOPHYSES
Authors: Dasgupta P. R. , Margolis S. A. , Dorfman R. I. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Pituitary extracts of various species origin such as beef, sheep, pig, guineapig, rabbit and rat prepared in 0.9 per cent sodium chloride solution were assayed for corticotrophic activity, before and after acid treatment of the samples, by the adrenal ascorbic acid depletion method. The corticotrophic activity per mg of the pituitary tissue of sheep, pig and guineapig is comparable, but is considerably less than that of rat and rabbit pituitary glands. At the dose level of 0.25 mg wet weight of pituitary tissue per 100 g of body weight of the assay animals, the pituitary glands of all species except rabbit did not show any corticotrophic activity before acid treatment. However, after acid activation of the preparations significantly higher corticotrophic activity was detectable at this dose level. It is concluded that (1) the presence of precorticotrophin in the mammalian adenohypophysis is a general phenomenon, (2) at least 80 per cent of the total corticotrophic activity of the pituitary glands exists in the form of precorticotrophin, and (3) pig pituitary gland would be a suitable starting material for the separation of precorticotrophin from other pituitary factors.
Cold stress caused substantial depletion in the pituitary glands of both corticotrophin and precorticotrophin. Corticosterone treatment and adrenalectomy caused a profound decrease in the corticotrophin content of the hypophysis but precorticotrophin was clearly demonstrable.
EFFECTS OF •1–24 SYNTHETIC CORTICOTROPHIN ON REPRODUCTIVE TRACT AND KIDNEYS OF IMMATURE FEMALE MICE
Authors: Christian John J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Four units of synthetic β1–24 corticotrophin (Ciba) were given daily to 12 sham-adrenalectomized (»intact«) and to 12 adrenalectomized female mice beginning at 33–39 days of age. Adrenalectomy was at 24–30 days of age and daily injections of 50 μg of cortisol acetate were begun at once. Synthetic corticotrophin (ACTH), like porcine ACTH, inhibited reproductive function in intact and adrenalectomized mice. One intact mouse had degenerate corpora lutea, but the other intact mice had none. There were no ripe follicles and uteri were anoestrous and usually mucified. Effects of synthetic ACTH in adrenalectomized mice were similar but less marked. This ACTH resulted in glomerular lesions similar to those produced by highly purified porcine ACTH at a roughly comparable dose (4 IU). Lesions were marked by an increase in intercapillary weakly PAS+, fibrillar-appearing material, increased size and cellularity of tuft, reduction in number and peripheralization of patent glomerular capillaries, and occasional deposits of brightly PAS positive material in the tufts, juxtaglomerular regions, and at bases of epithelial cells of distal tubules in proximity to glomeruli. Since β1–24 ACTH is very weakly antigenic compared to β1–24 or natural ACTH, it is unlikely that the production of renal lesions and inhibition of reproductive function result from an immune response and therefore is probably an inherent extra-adrenal action of the β1–24 ACTH core. Other pertinent effects of the synthetic ACTH are given.
OVARIAN CHANGES AFTER LONG-TERM ORAL CONTRACEPTION
Authors: Plate W. P. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A study was made of ovarian tissue, obtained from 5 women who had used an oral contraceptive during 4–30 cycles. Intra-ovarian signs of follicle growth and follicle maturation were found in 4, and hyperthecosis was present in 3 subjects. These changes are an indication of FSH and LH activity. Ovarian fibrosis was found in the 3 women who had used ovulation inhibitors for 12 or more cycles: thickening of the tunica albuginea was present in 3 and fibrosis of the cortical stroma in 2 of these women.
EVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF NORETHYNODREL WITH MESTRANOL (ENOVID) IN MIDDLE-AGED MALE SYRIAN (GOLDEN) HAMSTERS, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO SPONTANEOUS TUMOURS
Authors: Sichuk George , Fortner Joseph G. , Der Bela K. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Prolonged administration of norethynodrel with mestranol had a pronounced and selective influence on hormonal target tissues in middleaged male hamsters. Results were compatible with work in other species, which shows the primary site of action to be the pituitary-gonad axis. Markedly reduced gonadotrophin and androgen levels were indicated by atrophy of testes and accessory reproductive glands. The high dosage used also resulted in significant renal hypertrophy, but structural integrity was not conspicuously different from that of controls.
The test agents had no influence on the incidence or metastatic propensity of a wide variety of spontaneous tumours, including adenomatous polyps and adenocarcinoma of the intestine, adrenal cortical nodular hyperplasia or adenoma, islet cell adenoma, melanoma, or adenocareinoma of Cowper's gland. This result is in accord with our previous observations that spontaneous tumorigenesis in the hamster is largely independent of hormonal physiology but is influenced by hormones to the extent that tumorigenesis may require some degree of normal tissue or cell integrity.
RELATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF VARIOUS STEROIDS IN AN ANDROGEN ASSAY USING THE EXORBITAL LACRIMAL GLAND OF THE CASTRATED RAT.
Authors: Cavallero Cesare 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Morphological studies have shown that the exorbital lacrimal gland of the albino rat is a sexually dimorphic structure highly sensitive to androgens. Testosterone treatment elicits a vesicular-mucous change in the glandular acini which can be quantitated histologically and appears to be closely related to the administered dose. An assay procedure using the vesicular change as the end-point of androgenic activity is described and the relative androgenic activities of twenty-one Δ4-3-keto- and Δ5-3β-hydroxysteroids are given. The effect of a variety of substitutions in the steroid nucleus on the activities of testosterone, 17α-methyl-testosterone and 19-nortestosterone is described and discussed with reference to previously reported data.
RELATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF VARIOUS STEROIDS IN AN ANDROGEN ASSAY USING THE EXORBITAL LACRIMAL GLAND OF THE CASTRATED RAT.
Authors: Cavallero Cesare , Ofner Peter 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The morphological transformation of the exorbital lacrimal gland of the castrated rat following subcutaneous injection of steroids, described in detail in the preceding paper, was employed as the end-point of androgenic activity. The relative effectiveness of androsterone and of thirteen derivatives of the 5α-androstane series was then determined using testosterone as reference standard. Androsterone proved one-half as active as the standard; 5α-androstan-17β-ol, 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol and 5α-androst-1-ene-3,17-dione were much less active, whereas 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol was 3 times as potent as testosterone. Introduction of a conjugated double bond at C 1,2 of 17β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-3-one produced a four-fold increase of activity from a level a little lower than that of testosterone; a further increase in androgenicity was obtained on methyl substitution at C 1 of the Δ1-5α-isomer of testosterone. Esterification consistently increased the activities of the 5α-androstane derivatives tested.