bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: The Elusive Chemistry of Bent‐Aandwich Chromocene
Authors: Shapiro Pamela J. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Transmetallation Reactions Involving Group 10 Metals
Authors: Wendt Ola F. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Definition Self‐Assemblies Driven by the Hydrophobic Effect: Synthesis and Properties of a Supramolecular Nanocapsule
Authors: Liu Simin , Gibb Bruce C. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd—NHC (PEPPSI) Complexes: Synthetic Utility and Computational Studies into Their Reactivity
Authors: Organ Michael G. , Chass Gregory A. , Fang De‐Cai , Hopkinson Alan C. , Valente Cory 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid‐Phase and Microwave‐Assisted Syntheses of 2,5‐Diketopiperazines: Small Molecules with Great Potential
Authors: O'Neill Jennifer C. , Blackwell Helen E. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Glycoconjugated Branched Macromolecular Architectures
Authors: Narumi Atsushi , Kakuchi Toyoji 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,2‐Diheteroatom‐substituted Alkanoic Acid Esters
Authors: Westbrook J. A. , Schaus S. E. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkenyl Alkanoates
Authors: Nelson S. G. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Carboxylic Acid Esters: Synthesis by Rearrangement
Authors: Phillips A. J. , Love C. E. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Tetraalkylammonium Ions in Aqueous and Non‐Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Marcus Yizhak 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Optical properties of ZnO nano fiber thin films grown by spray pyrolysis of zinc acetate precursor
Authors: Islam M. R. , Podder J. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractGood homogeneous and stoichiometric ZnO nanofiber thin films have been deposited onto cleaned glass substrate by a simple spray pyrolysis technique under atmospheric pressure using zinc acetate precursor at temperature 200 °C. Films of various thicknesses have been obtained by varying the deposition time, while all other deposition parameters such as spray rate, carrier gas pressure and distance between spray nozzle to substrate were kept constant. Surface morphology and optical properties of the as deposited thin films have been studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) attached with an EDX and UV visible spectroscopy. From EDX data, atomic weight% of Zinc and Oxygen were found to be 49.22% and 49.62% respectively. The SEM micrograph of the film shows uniform deposition and scattered nano fiber around the nucleation centers. The optical band gap of the ZnO thin films was found to be in the range 3.3 to 3.4 eV and the band gap decreases with thickness of the film. Optical constants such as refractive index, extinction coefficient, real and imaginary parts of dielelectric constants were evaluated from reflectance and absorbance spectra. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Preparation of crystalline fibres of codoped BaAl2O4:Eu2+:Cr3+
Authors: Ryu H. , Bartwal K. S. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractPhosphor material BaAl2O4:Eu2+, Cr3+ with varying concentrations of Cr co‐doping were prepared by solid‐state synthesis method. Crystalline fibres were obtained by controlled annealing temperature. Synthesized compositions were characterized for their phase and crystallinity by powder x‐ray diffraction. The crystalline morphology was investigated using SEM analysis. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) in image and diffraction modes was used to investigate the microstructure. The effect of Cr doping on quality and morphology of grown crystals was investigated. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
IFN regulatory factor (IRF) 3/7‐dependent and ‐independent gene induction by mammalian DNA that escapes degradation
Authors: Okabe Yasutaka , Kawane Kohki , Nagata Shigekazu 
Published: November 2008

AbstractDNase II in macrophages cleaves the DNA of engulfed apoptotic cells and of nuclei expelled from erythroid precursor cells. Macrophages in DNase II‐deficient mice accumulate undigested DNA and constitutively produce IFN‐β as well as TNF‐α. The IFN‐β causes severe anemia in the DNase II−/− embryos, which die prenatally. On the other hand, when the DNase II gene is inactivated postnatally, mice develop polyarthritis owing to the TNF‐α produced by macrophages. Here, we showed that the IFN‐β gene activation in DNase II−/− mice is dependent on IFN regulatory factor (IRF) 3 and 7. Accordingly, DNase II−/−IRF3−/−IRF7−/− mice do not suffer from anemia, but they still produce TNF‐α, and age‐dependently develop chronic polyarthritis. A microarray analysis of the gene expression in the fetal liver revealed a set of genes that is induced in DNase II−/− mice in an IRF3/IRF7‐dependent manner, and another set that is induced independent of these factors. These results indicate that the mammalian chromosomal DNA that accumulates in macrophages due to inefficient degradation activates genes in both IRF3/IRF7‐dependent and ‐independent manners.
Altered gene expression in breast cancer liver metastases
Authors: Erin Nuray , Wang Ning , Xin Ping , Bui Voung , Weisz Judith , Barkan Guliz A. , Zhao Wei , Shearer Debra , Clawson Gary A. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe previously developed a highly aggressive cell line from heart metastases of 4T1 breast carcinoma (designated 4THM), which produced liver metastases (designated 4TLM). In this study, gene array analysis (GAEA) compared gene expression profiles in 4TLM with profiles in 4T1 and 4THM primary tumors. GAEA demonstrated that 4T1 and 4THM tumors differed in about 250 genes. Over 1,000 genes, however, were expressed differently in 4TLM compared with primary tumors. A cohort of 16 genes showed significantly decreased expression in 4THM tumors, which decreased even further in 4TLM. Many of these genes have been implicated in breast cancer, and many are involved in cell adhesion and junctional complexes. Expression of multiple tight and adherence junction proteins was either downregulated or disappeared in 4TLM; downregulation of claudin 4, claudin 7 and γ‐catenin was confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunoblot, and immunocytochemical (ICC) analyses. At the protein level, intact ZO‐1 was also observed in 4T1 tumors, but was not expressed in 4THM or 4TLM tumors. ICC demonstrated expression of γ‐catenin at the plasma membrane with 4T1 tumors, whereas staining appeared to be nuclear/perinuclear in 4THM tumors. Claudin 7 staining was also seen in monocyte/pmacrophage‐like cells in liver around metastatic lesions by ICC, and it appeared that larger 4TLM tumors apparently reexpressed claudin 7 RNA and protein. Our results demonstrate that decreased or abnormal expression of a number of cell adhesion/junctional proteins, including claudin 4, 7, ZO‐1 and γ‐catenin, correlates with liver metastases, and that cell adhesion molecules in the microenvironment are also altered. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hypoxia‐mediated up‐regulation of MGr1‐Ag/37LRP in gastric cancers occurs via hypoxia‐inducible‐factor 1‐dependent mechanism and contributes to drug resistance
Authors: Liu Lili , Sun Li , Zhang Hongbo , Li Zhichao , Ning Xiaoxuan , Shi Yongquan , Guo Changcun , Han Shuang , Wu Kaichun , Fan Daiming 
Published: November 2008

AbstractOur previous study demonstrated hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1(HIF‐1) could prompt multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype and MGr1‐Ag/37LRP, a novel drug‐resistance protein was reported by our labortary, associated with multidrug resistance in gastric cancer. Given this association, we hypothesized that MGr1‐Ag/37LRP contributed to HIF‐1‐dependent hypoxia‐induced MDR phenotype. Initial experiments revealed that blocking MGr1‐Ag/37LRP expression by siRNA in gastric cancer cells effectively reversed multidrug resistance phenotype induced by hypoxia. Subsequent analysis of MGr1‐Ag/37LRP mRNA and protein in gastric cancer cells revealed a time‐dependent manner increase with hypoxia. While the up‐regulation of MGr1‐Ag/37LRP was abolished by HIF‐1 inhibition with siRNA. Studies using luciferase promoter constructs revealed a significant increase in activity in cells subject to hypoxia and such hypoxia inducibility was lost in cells co‐transfected siRNA targeting HIF‐1. Analysis of the MGr1‐Ag/37LRP promoter revealed several potential binding sites for HIF‐1. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated a functional HIF‐1 binding site within MGr1‐Ag/37LRP gene regulatory sequence located at −16 to −11 relative to the transcriptional initiation point. These observations demonstrate that MGr1‐Ag/37LRP is actively engaged by hypoxia and represent a novel HIF‐1 target. Such results suggest hypoxia‐elicited MGr1‐Ag/37LRP expression as a pathway for resistance of gastric cancer to chemotherapeutics. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Platelet‐rich plasma alone is not sufficient to enhance suture repair of the ACL in skeletally immature animals: An in vivo study
Authors: Murray Martha M. , Palmer Matthew , Abreu Eduardo , Spindler Kurt P. , Zurakowski David , Fleming Braden C. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractIn this study, we hypothesize that supplementation of suture repair of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) with platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) will improve the biomechanics of the repair. Six 30‐kg pigs underwent bilateral suture repair of the ACL. One side was treated with suture repair alone, while the contralateral side was treated with suture repair augmented with PRP. After 14 weeks in vivo, anterior–posterior (AP) knee laxity and the tensile properties of the repaired ligament were measured. The addition of PRP to the suture repairs did not improve AP knee laxity at 30° (p = 0.73) or 60° (p = 0.65). It also did not improve the maximum tensile load (p = 0.64) or linear stiffness (p = 0.42) of the ACL repairs after 14 weeks in vivo. The model had 80% power to detect a 30% improvement of biomechanical properties with PRP; thus, we are confident that a clinically meaningful effect as a result of adding PRP is unlikely. Use of PRP alone to supplement suture repair of the ACL is ineffective in this animal model. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27: 639–645, 2009
Determination of heteronuclear coupling constants from 3D HSQC‐TOCSY experiment with optimized random sampling of evolution time space
Authors: Misiak Maria , Koźmiński Wiktor 
Published: November 2008

AbstractAn application of 3D version of HSQC–TOCSY experiment for the measurement of heteronuclear coupling constants of organic compounds yielding complex spectra is proposed. The approach presented here is based on the optimized random sampling of the evolution time space followed by Multidimensional Fourier Transform (MFT).In this study, we show that the interpretation of ω3‐13C coupled 1H‐13C 3D HSQC‐TOCSY spectra with E.COSY‐type multiplets allows one to evaluate heteronuclear coupling constants of strychnine with high accuracy, whereas the employment of 2D methods is associated with signal overlap and use of conventionally recorded 3D NMR spectra cannot provide accurate results in an overnight experiment. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Understanding and controlling the structure of polypropylene/layered silicate nanocomposites
Authors: Chrissopoulou K. , Altintzi I. , Andrianaki I. , Shemesh R. , Retsos H. , Giannelis E.P. , Anastasiadis S. H. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe miscibility and structure in polypropylene/layered silicate nanocomposites is systematically investigated utilizing a maleic‐anhydride grafted polypropylene with a low degree of functionalization acting as the compatibilizer. The morphology of the hybrids can be modified from phase separated to almost completely exfoliated in a controlled way by varying the ratio α of the compatibilizer to the organophilized clay; this ratio α is found to be the most important parameter in determining the final structure whereas exfoliated structures can be obtained for α values of 9 or higher. Furthermore, utilization of a “masterbatch” procedure can enhance the degree of exfoliation even for smaller values of α; in that case, polypropylene is essentially mixed with the already dispersed “hairy” platelets. Investigation of the thermal stability of the micro‐ and nanocomposites shows that high degree of exfoliation is vital in increasing the temperature that the polymer starts to degrade. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 2683–2695, 2008
Exfoliation of a stack of platelets and intercalation of polymer chains: Effects of molecular weight, entanglement, and interaction with the polymer matrix
Authors: Pandey R. B. , Farmer B. L. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractExfoliation of a stack of sheets (a model for clay platelets) in a dynamic matrix of polymer chains is investigated by a computer simulation model. How the interplay between the thermodynamics (interaction‐driven) and conformational (structural constraints) entropy affects the exfoliation of sheets is the subject of this study. A stack of four sheets with a small initial interlayer distance constitutes the layer on a discrete lattice. The layered platelets are immersed in a matrix represented by the mobile polymer chains which occupy a fraction (concentration) of the lattice sites. Both sheets and chains are modeled by the bond‐fluctuation mechanism and execute their stochastic motion via Metropolis algorithm. An attractive and a repulsive interaction between the polymer matrix and platelets are considered. Exfoliation of the sheets is examined by varying the molecular weight of the polymer chains forming a dynamic network matrix with various degrees of entanglements. At low‐molecular weight of the polymer, exfoliation is achieved with repulsive interaction and the exfoliation is suppressed with attractive matrix as sheets stick together via polymer mediated interaction introduced by intercalated polymer chains. Increasing the molecular weight of the polymer matrix suppresses the exfoliation of sheets primarily due to enhanced entanglement—at high‐molecular weight (with the radius of gyration of polymer chains larger than the characteristic linear dimension of the platelets), the stacked (layered) morphology is arrested via entropic trapping and exfoliation ceases to occur. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 2696–2710, 2008
Lung function in 3–5‐year‐old children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Mayer Oscar H. , Jawad Abbas F. , McDonough Joseph , Allen Julian 
Published: November 2008

AbstractIt is well established that the lung disease of CF can occur early in life and may progress through the preschool years when accurate lung function assessment has been challenging to perform. We hypothesized that respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP) and spirometry could be effectively performed in 3–6‐year‐old children and could be used to assess both longitudinal changes in lung function and the acute changes that occur during exacerbation of pulmonary disease. Both RIP and spirometry were equally feasible; however, the success rate for spirometry gradually increased with age to become higher than that for RIP in the 6‐year‐old subjects. Forty‐four subjects were studied longitudinally and demonstrated significant increases in FVC, FEV1, and FEV0.5, but not in FEF25–75 or RIP variables. There were significant differences in FVC, FEV1, and phase angle (a measure of thoracoabdominal asynchrony) during exacerbations of lung disease. Although both RIP and spirometry were able to show differences in lung function in subjects with acute clinical worsening, spirometry was more robust in demonstrating change in lung function longitudinally and in children who had an exacerbation of lung disease. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2008; 43:1214–1223. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Activation of β‐Catenin in mouse prostate causes HGPIN and continuous prostate growth after castration
Authors: Yu Xiuping , Wang Yongqing , Jiang Ming , Bierie Brian , Roy‐Burman Pradip , Shen Michael M. , Taketo Makoto Mark , Wills Marcia , Matusik Robert J. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe role of Wnt/β‐Catenin signaling in embryogenesis and carcinogenesis has been extensively studied in organs such as colon, lung and pancreas, but little is known about Wnt/β‐Catenin signaling in the prostate. Although stabilizing mutations in APC and β‐Catenin are rare in primary prostate tumors, recent studies suggest that cytoplasmic/nuclear β‐Catenin is associated with advanced, metastatic, hormone‐refractory prostate carcinoma.METHODSTo better understand the role of β‐Catenin in prostatic development and carcinogenesis, we studied Wnt expression during prostate development and activated Wnt/β‐Catenin signaling in the developing and adult prostate.RESULTSOur results demonstrated that during prostate development Wnt ligands display a dynamic expression pattern. Activation of β‐Catenin during prostate development caused epithelial hyperplasia followed by prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) in prostate. In the adult prostate, activation of β‐Catenin resulted in high grade PIN (HGPIN) and continuous prostatic growth after castration. As a result of activation of β‐Catenin, AR was first up‐regulated with the emergence of epithelial hyperplasia, but was later down‐regulated when HGPIN developed. Furthermore, activation of β‐Catenin induced Foxa2 re‐expression in adult prostate which normally is only expressed in the embryonic budding stage during prostate development.CONCLUSIONSThe results from this study strongly suggest that Wnt/β‐Catenin signaling is involved in the regulation of prostate development and confirm that constitutive activation of this pathway enables the mouse prostate to grow after castration. Prostate 69:249–262, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Baustähle im konstruktiven Ingenieurbau
Authors: Volz Michael , Schröter Falko , Steidl Gerhard 
Published: November 2008

AbstractZuverlässigkeit und Grenzabmessungen der Tragstrukturen des konstruktiven Ingenieurbaus werden unter anderem durch die Eigenschaften der verwendeten Werkstoffe bestimmt. Die Werkstoffeigenschaften der bei Stahltragwerken verwendeten Halbzeuge können den jeweiligen Anforderungen genau angepasst werden. Für die niedrig legierten ferritischen Stähle des Stahlbaus werden die gebräuchlichen Methoden der Festigkeitssteigerung beschrieben. Die Verarbeitungs‐ und Nutzungsbedingungen können das Zähigkeitsverhalten der Stähle je nach der Art der angewandten Methode der Festigkeitssteigerung unterschiedlich beeinflussen. Um unzulässige Risiken auszuschließen, sind Begrenzungen für die Werkstoffsorten bezüglich Einsatzbedingungen, Abmessungen und Bearbeitungsmethoden erforderlich. In Deutschland werden für Bauwerke solche Grenzen in den Technischen Baubestimmungen vorgegeben. Der Aufsatz soll das Zusammenwirken der verschiedenen festigkeitssteigernden Einflüsse aufzeigen und damit das Verständnis für die Einhaltung werkstoffbedingter Begrenzungen fördern. Für Fälle, bei denen von den Begrenzungen der Regeln abgewichen wird, werden Hintergrundinformationen aufgezeigt, die eine Beurteilung im Einzelfall (Zustimmung im Einzelfall) erleichtern.