bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Aboriginal infants at an urban hospital
Authors: Comino Elizabeth J , Titmuss Angela , Harris Elizabeth , Craig Pippa , Pulver Lisa Jackson 
Published: August 2007

Aim:  This study explored the accuracy of identification of Aboriginal infants at an urban hospital.Methods:  Data on the Aboriginal status of all infants who were delivered at the hospital to mothers who resided in the surrounding Local Government Area during 2002 were extracted from the Obstetrics Data Package (ODP). These data were supplemented with local health worker knowledge about the Aboriginal status of infants and compared with NSW Birth Register data held by the Australian Bureau of Statistics.Results:  There were 1739 deliveries at the hospital to mothers from the Local Government Area. Our study showed that 71.4% (n = 90) of Aboriginal and 77.5% (n = 1649) of non‐Aboriginal infants identified through ODP were included in the Birth Register. The proportion of Aboriginal infants identified through the ODP was 5.2% and the Birth Register was 5.6%. The 90 Aboriginal infants included 38 with an Aboriginal mother, 34 with an Aboriginal father, and 18 with two Aboriginal parents.Conclusions:  This was the first use of these data to examine the accuracy of identification of Aboriginal infants born at this facility. The study highlighted the importance of systematically seeking information on the Aboriginal status of both parents by antenatal services; of providing opportunities for timely feedback on the data quality to maternity service providers; and ensuring that the data are used to inform development of culturally appropriate services. As a result of this study, services have implemented strategies to routinely identify infants with an Aboriginal father as well as those with an Aboriginal mother.
Responses to immunisation with Hib conjugate vaccine in Australian breastfed and formula‐fed infants
Authors: Hawkes Joanna S , Makrides Maria , Roberton Donal M , Gibson Robert A 
Published: August 2007

Objective:  There are conflicting reports as to whether breastfed infants respond with higher antibody levels to conjugate Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine compared with formula‐fed infants. These observations prompted us to investigate the effect of feeding method on the antibody concentration to Hib polyribosylribitol (PRP) both prior to and 3 months after the primary course of immunisation with Hib (PRP‐OMP).Methods:  We measured plasma concentrations of IgG antibody to Hib PRP by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in blood samples from a total of 272 breastfed and formula‐fed infants prior to immunisation (7 weeks of age, n = 82 and n = 148, respectively) and again 3 months after completion of the primary course of immunisation with Hib PRP‐OMP (7 months of age, n = 88 and n = 132, respectively).Results:  Breastfeeding was associated with lower plasma antibody titres at both times (P < 0.01, T‐test) with 49% of breastfed infants having anti‐PRP concentrations below 1.0 µg/mL at age 7 months. There was no reported invasive Hib disease in this cohort of infants, and nationally the effectiveness of the Hib vaccination programme remains high.Conclusions:  These data suggest that breastfeeding may be associated with immunomodulation of infant Hib immunisation responses with this immunisation regime. Further research is needed to determine whether differences in antibody concentration described here are primarily determined by factors directly attributed to breastfeeding or whether other environmental factors may play a significant role.
SURVEY OF MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE, TRAUMATIC COMPARTMENT SYNDROME OF THE LEG IN AUSTRALIA
Authors: Wall Christopher J. , Richardson Martin D. , Lowe Adrian J. , Brand Caroline , Lynch Joan , De Steiger Richard N 
Published: August 2007

Background:  Acute compartment syndrome is a serious and not uncommon complication of limb trauma. The condition is a surgical emergency and is associated with significant morbidity if not diagnosed promptly and treated effectively. Despite the urgency of effective management to minimize the risk of adverse outcomes, there is currently little consensus in the published reports as to what constitutes best practice in the management of acute limb compartment syndrome.Methods:  A structured survey was sent to all currently practising orthopaedic surgeons and accredited orthopaedic registrars in Australia to assess their current practice in the management of acute, traumatic compartment syndrome of the leg. Questions were related to key decision nodes in the management process, as identified in a literature review. These included identification of patients at high risk, diagnosis of the condition in alert and unconscious patients, optimal timeframe and technique for carrying out a fasciotomy and management of fasciotomy wounds.Results:  A total of 264 valid responses were received, a response rate of 29% of all eligible respondents. The results indicated considerable variation in management of acute compartment syndrome of the leg, in particular in the utilization of compartment pressure measurement and the appropriate pressure threshold for fasciotomy. Of the 78% of respondents who regularly measured compartment pressure, 33% used an absolute pressure threshold, 28% used a differential pressure threshold and 39% took both into consideration.Conclusions:  There is variation in the management of acute, traumatic compartment syndrome of the leg in Australia. The development of evidence‐based clinical practice guidelines may be beneficial.
USE OF AUTOPSY IN GENERAL SURGERY: A COMPARISON OF PRACTICE AND OPINION
Authors: Stiven Peter N. , Frampton Chris M. , Lewis David R. 
Published: August 2007

Objective:  To examine current practice regarding autopsy requests and assess consultant opinion regarding the role of autopsy in a general surgical department.Methods:  One hundred deaths that occurred in a teaching hospital general surgical department, over a 2‐year period, were randomly selected. After review of the hospital notes, a brief summary of each admission was distributed to all 13 consultant general surgeons in the department. Surgeons were asked to comment whether each case should have been discussed with the coroner, whether a coroner’s autopsy should have been carried out, whether a hospital post‐mortem examination should have been carried out and whether it would be appropriate to complete a death certificate without a post‐mortem examination. Surgeon responses were compared with actual outcomes, and both were analysed for predictors of variation in practice.Results:  The majority of patients were elderly (median age 79 years, 49% >80 years), were admitted acutely (92%) and did not undergo an operation (73%). Thirty‐three patients died of cardiac or respiratory causes. Patients who had undergone a recent operation were more likely to be referred to the coroner (P < 0.001) and more likely to undergo coroner’s autopsy (P = 0.011). Older patients and those admitted from a rest home were less likely to be referred to the coroner (P < 0.001 and 0.02, respectively) or undergo coroner’s autopsy (P = 0.002 and 0.011, respectively). The survey predicted more referrals to the coroner (44 vs 30, P = 0.001) and more hospital autopsies (21 vs 2, P < 0.001) and that the treating doctor would complete the certificate of death less often than actually happened (79 vs 91, P = 0.004). The survey suggested that surgeons were more likely to complete the certificate of death in patients with active malignancy (P = 0.01), but this was not observed in practice.Conclusions:  General surgeons consider autopsy to be necessary more often than that is taking place in practice in our institution. The continued decline in autopsy rates may compromise the safety and quality of the service provided by general surgeons and result in a gap in the education of surgeons and trainees.
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE FLOOR OF THE MOUTH: TUMOUR THICKNESS AND THE RATE OF CERVICAL METASTASIS
Authors: Wallwork Ben D. , Anderson Shane R. , Coman William B. 
Published: August 2007

Background:  Increased thickness of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has been shown to be associated with higher rates of cervical metastasis. Most of the previous studies have focused on SCC of the oral tongue. There are few studies that have examined solely carcinoma of the floor of the mouth and these studies differ in the thickness of tumour that is associated with significantly increased rates of cervical metastasis.Methods:  Patients with SCC of the floor of the mouth of all stages who were treated with excision and neck dissection were identified. Primary tumour thickness and other pathological features were determined in the pathological specimens and were correlated to the incidence of pathological cervical lymph node metastasis. Fisher’s exact test and the unpaired t‐test were used for statistical analysis.Results:  Fifty‐three patients were studied (43 men and 10 women). The median age was 56.5 years (range 43—86 years). The median tumour thickness in patients with lymph node metastases (14.6 mm) differed significantly from those without metastases (8.6 mm) (P = 0.004). When T1 and T2 cases were looked at in isolation, the median tumour thickness of cases with lymph node metastases (11.1 mm) again was significantly greater than those without metastases (4.6 mm) (P = 0.04). Subgrouping tumours into those ≥7.5 mm or <7.5 mm showed a significantly increased rate of lymph node metastasis (57% compared with 12%, P = 0.001). There was no statistically significant association between perineural invasion or tumour differentiation and the presence of lymph node metastases.Conclusion:  Tumour thickness has been shown to be directly related to rates of cervical lymph node metastasis in floor of mouth SCC. The primary tumour thickness associated with significantly increased rates of metastasis is similar to that shown in previous studies examining SCC of the oral tongue.
HAND‐ASSISTED LAPAROSCOPY ON A SHOESTRING
Authors: Antony Luke , Laim Eunice , Chung Sydney S. C. 
Published: August 2007

Background:  Hand‐assisted laproscopic surgery is useful in difficult laproscopic operations. Expensive and cumbersome devices are necessary to ensure airtightness between the surgeon’s hand and the abdominal wall so that pneumoperitoneum can be maintained.Method:  A simple method of maintaining pneumo‐peritoneum in hand‐assited laproscopic surgery was carried out by tying a strong nylon suture in a criss‐cross fashion on one end of the incision. Airtightness was maintained by tightening the suture around the wrist and wedging the dorsum of the hand against the abdominal wall.Result:  The method was used successfully to remove a pyonephrotic left kidney in a 28‐year‐old man from Papua New Guinea.Conclusion:  Hand‐assisted laproscopic operations can be carried out expediently and inexpensively without specialized equipment by simply tying a shoestring suture at one end of the wound.
MINIMALLY INVASIVE PARATHYROIDECTOMY USING SURGEON‐PERFORMED ULTRASOUND AND SESTAMIBI
Authors: Prasannan Subhita , Davies Giles , Bochner Melissa , Kollias James , Malycha Peter 
Published: August 2007

Background:  Surgeon‐performed ultrasound (SPU) and 99mTc‐sestamibi (SM) scanning can be used alone or in combination in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism to select cases suitable for minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP). The aim of the study was to evaluate SPU and SM and to determine the reliability they provide the surgeon in planning and carrying out MIP.Methods:  The study was a prospective analysis of 130 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who had preoperative localization with SPU and SM at a tertiary referral centre between 2003 and 2006. All ultrasound scans were carried out by one surgeon, followed by correlative sestamibi scan and a further ‘on operating table’ ultrasound to reassess the lesion and mark the operative site. Selection criteria for MIP were a positive SPU and SM, although a positive SPU or SM allowed the surgeon to focus on the nominated side. SPU and SM localizations were correlated to the operative findings.Results:  One hundred and thirty patients underwent both SPU and SM. There were 97 women and 33 men, with a mean age of 59 years. SPU alone identified the abnormal parathyroid in 103 cases (sensitivity 82%; positive predictive value 96.3%). SM alone identified the abnormal gland in 102 cases (sensitivity 79%; positive predictive value 99%). In 88 patients, the SPU and SM were concordant, and 94% had successful MIP. SPU and SM were both negative in 13 patients, and all these patients had bilateral neck exploration.Conclusion:  SPU in the hands of an experienced surgeon in association with sestamibi is a reliable tool for the preoperative localization of parathyroid adenomas and facilitates a minimally invasive procedure.
Short‐term exposure of female rats to industrial metal salts: Effect on implantation and pregnancy
Authors: BATAINEH HAMEED N. , BATAINEH ZIAD M. , DARADKA HAYTHAM 
Published: August 2007

Aim: The objective of this study was to characterize the adverse effects of industrial metal salts during the early stages of pregnancy.Methods: Successfully mated female rats were exposed to the following metal salts via intragastric intubation; manganese sulfate, lead acetate, aluminum chloride, ferrous chloride and ferric chloride in doses of 50 mg/kg body weight and chromium chloride and potassium dichromate in doses of 25 mg/kg body weight on days l–3 or 4–6 of pregnancy. Female rats were killed on day 20 of gestation and the pregnancy outcome was determined.Results: The administration of manganese sulfate, chromium chloride, potassium dichromate and ferric chloride to female rats on days 1–3 of pregnancy caused pregnancy failure. However, the administration of manganese sulfate and potassium dichromate reduced the number of implantations. The administration of manganese sulfate, potassium dichromate and ferric chloride reduced the number of viable fetuses. The total number of resorptions increased in the lead acetate, aluminum chloride, ferrous chloride and ferric chloride exposed groups. In contrast, the administration of manganese sulfate, aluminum chloride and ferric chloride on days 4–6 of pregnancy caused pregnancy failure. However, the administration of ferric chloride reduced the number of implantations. The administration of manganese sulfate, aluminum chloride, potassium dichromate, ferrous chloride and ferric chloride reduced the number of viable fetuses. The total number of resorptions increased in the manganese sulfate, lead acetate, aluminum chloride, potassium dichromate, ferrous chloride and ferric chloride exposed groups.Conclusion: This work demonstrates that the short‐term exposure of female rats to industrial metal salts during the early stages of gestation would cause failure of pregnancy and produce fetotoxic or fetal resorptive potentials. (Reprod Med Biol 2007; 6: 179–183)
Posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome as a cause of reversible blindness during pregnancy
Authors: Onderoglu Lutfu S. , Dursun Polat , Gultekin Murat , Celik Nilufer Y. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractCortical blindness is a rare and dramatic complication of pre‐eclampsia. The precise nature of the pathogenesis of this condition has not previously been understood. Three preeclamptic patients with unremarkable previous medical history presented with acute blindness between the 28th and 33rd weeks of pregnancy. They were all diagnosed as posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (PLES). In all these patients, MRI study revealed the typical feature of gray‐white matter edema localized to the temporo‐parieto‐occipital areas. Vision and MRI findings were restored in all patients after delivery. Although PLES has been described as a puerperal clinicoradiologic entity, it may be seen in preeclamptic‐eclamptic patients during the pregnancy. Therefore neuro‐imaging studies should be carried out in pregnant patients with visual disturbances in order to exclude PLES. Prompt diagnosis, immediate control of blood pressure, and elimination of possible causes resolves clinical and imaging findings.
Development of risk scoring scheme for prediction of cesarean delivery due to cephalopelvic disproportion in Lamphun Hospital, Thailand
Authors: Khunpradit Suthit , Patumanond Jayanton , Tawichasri Chamaiporn 
Published: August 2007

AbstractAim:  To develop a simple risk scoring scheme for the prediction of cesarean delivery due to cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) in Lamphun Hospital, Thailand.Methods:  A case‐control study was conducted including 116 pregnant women with cesarean delivery due to CPD and 307 pregnant women delivering by normal labor. Obstetric information was retrieved from medical records. Risk indicators measurable at the time of admission were analyzed by a stepwise logistic regression to obtain a set of statistically significant predictors. Regression coefficients were transformed into item scores and added up to a total score. Risk of cesarean delivery due to CPD was analyzed using total scores as the only predictor.Results:  A risk scoring scheme was developed from five obstetric predictors: maternal age, height, parity, pregnancy weight gain and symphysis‐fundal height. Item scores ranged from 0 up to 3.5 and the total score from 0–14.5. The scheme explained, by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 88% of cesarean delivery due to CPD. The likelihood of cesarean delivery due to CPD in pregnant women with low risk (scores below 5), moderate risk (scores 5–9.5) and high risk (scores 10 and over) were 0.09, 0.86 and 10.11, respectively.Conclusions:  The risk of cesarean delivery due to CPD may be forecasted by a simple scoring scheme using five predictors that correctly identified women with low, moderate and high risk. This scheme may be applicable to physicians and midwives for identifying high‐risk pregnant women in order to take appropriate action.
Antenatal diagnosis of placenta previa accreta in patients with previous cesarean scar
Authors: Japaraj Robert P. , Mimin Tarmini S. , Mukudan Krishnan 
Published: August 2007

AbstractAim:  To determine the accuracy of transabdominal and transvaginal gray‐scale and color Doppler in diagnosing placenta previa accreta in patients with previous cesarean sections.Methods:  Twenty‐one patients who had undergone previous cesarean sections and were confirmed to have partial or total placenta previa in the current pregnancy were subjected to ultrasound examinations after the 28th week of gestation. Specific ultrasound features were looked for on gray‐scale ultrasound and color Doppler examination of the placenta and its interphase with the uterus and the bladder.Results:  Seven of the 21 patients had ultrasound evidence of placenta accreta and all were later confirmed to have placenta previa accreta intraoperatively. The gray‐scale positive findings were present in six out of the seven patients. The most prominent gray scale feature to suggest placenta accreta was the presence of multiple lakes that represent dilated vessels extending from the placenta through the myometrium. All seven patients had features of placenta accreta when examined with color Doppler. The most prominent color Doppler feature present in all seven patients was the presence of interphase hypervascularity with abnormal vessels linking the placenta to the bladder. The sensitivity and specificity of antenatal ultrasound diagnosis of placenta previa accreta was 100%.Conclusion:  Antenatal diagnosis of placenta previa accreta can be made with a thorough ultrasound examination of the placenta in patients with previous cesarean scar and placenta previa.
B‐Lynch suture after the failure of hypogastric artery ligation to control post‐partum hemorrhage due to placenta increta in a patient with the factor V Leiden mutation
Authors: Somunkiran Asli , Ozdemir Ismail , Demiraran Yavuz , Yucel Oguz 
Published: August 2007

AbstractPost‐partum hemorrhage may be a life‐threatening condition. A case of a patient receiving antithrombotic therapy for the factor V Leiden mutation, in whom post‐partum hemorrhage had occurred due to placenta increta, is described. In this case, the post‐partum hemorrhage did not respond to bilateral hypogastric artery ligation, while the B‐Lynch surgical technique was successful in obtaining hemostasis.
Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: Report of a patient with hemangiomas of the vaginal portion of the cervix appearing during pregnancy
Authors: Tanaka Norifumi , Tsuda Mikio , Samura Osamu , Miyoshi Hiroshi , Hara Tetsuaki , Kudo Yoshiki 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBlue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) is a rare disorder showing venous malformations in the skin and gastrointestinal tract, and other internal organs. We encountered a patient with BRBNS in whom hemangiomas of the uterine cervix appeared during pregnancy. This was apparently the first reported occurrence. To avoid unexpected bleeding from hemangiomas, patients with BRBNS should be examined repeatedly for hemangiomas of the birth canal, and special care should be taken in deciding the mode of delivery.
Fulminant type 1 diabetes during pregnancy: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Yamamoto Nari , Fujita Yasuyuki , Satoh Shoji , Nakanami Naoyuki , Sonoda Noriyuki , Nakano Hitoo 
Published: August 2007

AbstractFulminant type 1 diabetes, classified as a subtype of nonautoimmune type 1 diabetes, may result in severe complications for both mother and fetus due to the sudden onset of diabetic ketoacidosis. Little is known about the clinical features of pregnancy with fulminant type 1 diabetes. We present a case of fulminant type 1 diabetes during pregnancy, along with a review of the published literature. A 31‐year‐old Japanese woman presented with sudden onset of nausea and vomiting at 36 weeks' gestation and was provisionally diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis. She was referred to us for investigation of exaggerated general fatigue and intrauterine fetal death. Based on blood and urinary examinations, she was diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis, caused by fulminant type 1 diabetes. Although her ketoacidosis was improved, insulin therapy was needed. Awareness of this disease can lead to prompt diagnosis and treatment and consequently, improved maternal and fetal prognosis.
Uterine artery embolization should not be recommended without careful consideration in the treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids
Authors: Ohgi Shirei , Nakagawa Koji , Inoue Hiromi , Yasuda Masanobu , Saito Hidekazu 
Published: August 2007

AbstractAim:  To evaluate convalescence and the incidence of adverse symptoms associated with uterine artery embolization (UAE) in the treatment of uterine fibroids, several parameters after UAE were compared with those after laparoscopic surgery.Methods:  For the treatment of uterine fibroids, 78 patients underwent UAE and 58 received laparoscopic surgery (31 were laparoscopic myomectomy [LM] and 27 were laparoscopy‐assisted myomectomy [LAM]) during the period July 2001 to July 2004. The length of hospitalization, and the periods until the beginning of a normal daily life, work and exercise, long‐term follow up data in the UAE and laparoscopy groups were compared, and the incidence of adverse symptoms after each procedure was compared.Results:  The length of hospitalization for the UAE group 2.1 ± 0.1 (mean ± S.E) was significantly shorter than those for the LM and LAM groups (2.6 ± 0.1 and 3.8 ± 0.2 days, respectively; P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001). The period until beginning of normal daily life and work were similar between the UAE and LM groups. The degree of improved symptoms after each procedure were similar among the three groups, but the incidence of adverse symptoms after UAE was significantly higher than after laparoscopic surgery.Conclusions:  The UAE group showed a significantly shorter period of hospitalization, but the convalescence of the UAE group was similar to the LA group, with a higher incidence of adverse symptoms than laparoscopic surgeries. Therefore, UAE should not be recommended without careful consideration, in the treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids.