bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of subcutaneous insulin aspart in treatment of non-severe diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Talebi Hanieh , Razavi Zahra , Khazaei Salman 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To determine the effects/safety of subcutaneous injection of insulin analogues in treating uncomplicated mild and moderate diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
Methods
In this prospective study in 2022, 25 children with mild/or moderate DKA were enrolled. The main outcome measure was median time (hours) for resolution of ketoacidosis. Data recorded: clinical characteristics, severity of ketoacidosis and dehydration, blood glucose, sodium, potassium, creatinine, urine ketones, hospitalization’s duration and complications. Based on the degree of dehydration, fluid deficit was replaced by sodium chloride 0.45%. Insulin aspart 0.15 units/kg subcutaneous injections were performed every two hours in hospital outside ICU. Blood glucose was measured hourly and blood gases every two hours. Ketoacidosis was considered resolved when the patient did not have nausea/vomiting, was conscious and could eat, blood glucose was < 250 mg/dL, pH > 7.30, and/or HCO3 > 15 mmol/L.
Results
From 25 DKA participants (mean age 11.06 ± 3.89, range 4–17 years, 60% girls), 16 cases (64%) had established type 1 diabetes. Overall, 13 cases (52%) had mild ketoacidosis (average pH = 7.25) and 12 cases (48%) had moderate ketoacidosis (average pH = 7.15). The mean time to resolution of ketoacidosis was 11.24 hours. All but one participant met DKA recovery criteria without complications. Mild cases compared to moderate cases of DKA had shorter duration to resolution of DKA (p value = 0.04). Mean duration of hospitalization was 2.3 days. No electrolyte disturbances, hypoglycemia events, readmission or mortality, or other adverse effects were observed.
Conclusion
In children with mild and moderate DKA, subcutaneous insulin aspart administration was an effective, safe, and convenient treatment.
Molecular Cloning and Biochemical Characterization of a novel thermostable α-amylase of Bacillus subtilis MDC 3500 isolated from acidic soils in Armenia
Authors: Paloyan Ani , Soghomonyan Tigran , Khoyetsyan Lev , Melkonyan Lusine , Davidyan Tamara , Mkhitaryan Anna , Bagiyan Valeri Valeri , Hambardzumyan Artur 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Amylases are one of the most important industrial enzymes, accounting for 30% of the world's production of enzymes. The quest for novel recombinant α-amylases with enhanced traits remains a pressing challenge, presenting continual relevance in biotechnological sectors. Bacillus subtilis strain MDC 3500 was isolated in acidic soils (pH 3.5-4.0) of Armenia. In this study, the α-amylase gene of Bacillus subtilis MDC 3500 (AmyBS) was cloned by the golden-gate cloning technique followed by intracellular expression in Escherichia coli cells. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship between AmyBS and α-amylases of Bacillus subtilis A28, exhibiting 97.7% homology. AmyBS was expressed and purified to homogeneity using a two-step purification process involving immobilized metal affinity chromatography and size exclusion chromatography. The temperature and pH optimum, thermal stability, and several other catalytic characteristics of AmyBS were studied. The enzyme exhibits the following order of starch substrate preference: potato > wheat > corn > rice. AmyBS also exhibits specificity for amylose, amylopectin, γ-cyclodextrin, and β-cyclodextrin in decreasing order. The hydrolytic products of potato, corn, or rice starches mainly lead to the accumulation of glucose, maltose, and, to a lesser extent, maltotriose in the reaction medium.
Early adversity and prosocial behavior in adolescents from Bogotá: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alarcón Andrés Camilo Cardozo , Arenas Nathaly Moreno , Ávila Kharen Alessandra Verjel , Maza Elena María Trujillo , Rodríguez Charlotte Greniez , Riaño Olga Lucía Vargas , Acevedo Daniel Enrique Suárez 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background The association between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), prosocial behavior, and depression (like other negative mental health outcomes) has not been thoroughly understood. This study aimed at evaluating their simultaneous association while controlling for key confounding variables. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried-out with 2,918 secondary school students from seven charter schools located in low-resourced neighborhoods in Bogota (Colombia), 54.12% were female, and mean age was 13.81 years. The self-report instrument included demographic variables, well-being, mental health, risk behaviors and symptoms of psychopathology. Assessment of ACEs was done by a series of yes/no questions, prosocial behavior was evaluated with the corresponding subscale in the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and depression was assessed with the Self-Reporting Questionnaire. Associations were tested using the Spearman correlation coefficient, Z tests and Chi-square tests, and all primary outcome analyses were adjusted for potential confounding variables through multivariate logistic regression using depression as outcome. Results Mean exposure to ACEs was 3.15 events; those exposed to four or more obtained lower scores in well-being, satisfaction with life and family functioning, and higher scores in symptoms of psychopathology. For the prosocial behavior scores, 64.35% were classified as close to the average, 17.51% as slightly lowered, 11.91% as low, and 6.23% as very low; participants with higher levels of prosocial behavior showed lower scores in symptoms of psychopathology. ACEs and prosocial behavior were not simultaneously associated with depression, and prosocial behavior did not modify the association between ACEs and depressive symptoms (Odds Ratio 2.20, 95% confidence interval 1.66–2.93). Conclusions Novel studies should further elucidate the developmental pathways involving positive and negative mental health constructs to better understand the actual effectiveness of interventions that use these constructs in their design.
A predictive assay for chemotherapeutic efficacy of stage IV colorectal cancer using serum metabolic features profiling
Authors: Li Wenhua , Chang Jinjia , Zhang Long , Chou C. James , Jin Bo , Zhang Yani , Ding Yun , Li Zhen , Schilling James , Liao Weili , Thyparambil Sheeno , Ling Xuefeng B , Zhang Wen , Peng Junjie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Currently, there is no unbiased colorectal cancer (CRC) prognostic and predictive model based on serum molecular biomarkers to evaluate potential treatment outcomes and risk of CRC relapse for stage IV CRC patients. In addition, criteria to identify likely CRC patient populations at high risk and might benefit from additional chemotherapeutics have not yet been investigated, and it is an unmet clinical need. This study aims to develop a potential predictive risk discrimination model using serum metabolomic features generated from high-resolution mass spectrometry.
Methods
Using global serum metabolic pathway analysis and machine learning approaches, we have constructed a risk discrimination model to predict stage IV CRC patients' treatment efficacy and survival outcomes. This risk assessment model is further tested and validated in CRC patient cohorts via progressive free survival and overall survival with variable subset classifications such as the first-line treatment types, age, location of the primary tumor, and metastasis status.
Results
This study established an effective predictive model that can accurately discriminate stage IV CRC patients' progression-free survival (PFS) length regardless of the treatment types, age, and primary and metastatic tumor locations.
Conclusions
We have demonstrated a serum metabolomic pathway-based discriminating model to predict treatment outcomes of stage IV CRC patients under standard chemotherapeutics.
Stacked mutations in wheat homologues of rice SEMI-DWARF1 confer a novel semi-dwarf phenotype
Authors: Ndreca Barbora , Huttly Alison , Bibi Sajida , Bayon Carlos , Lund George , Ham Joshua , Alarcón-Reverte Rocío , Addy John , Tarkowská Danuše , Pearce Stephen , Hedden Peter , Thomas Stephen G. , Phillips Andrew L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Semi-dwarfing alleles are used widely in cereals to confer improved lodging resistance and assimilate partitioning. The most widely deployed semi-dwarfing alleles in rice and barley encode the gibberellin (GA)-biosynthetic enzyme GA 20-OXIDASE2 (GA20OX2). The hexaploid wheat genome carries three homoeologous copies of GA20OX2, and because of functional redundancy, loss-of-function alleles of a single homoeologue would not be selected in wheat breeding programmes.
Instead, approximately 70% of wheat cultivars carry gain-of-function mutations in REDUCED HEIGHT 1 (RHT1) genes that encode negative growth regulators and are degraded in response to GA. Semi-dwarf Rht-B1b or Rht-D1b alleles encode proteins that are insensitive to GA-mediated degradation. However, because RHT1 is expressed ubiquitously these alleles have pleiotropic effects that confer undesirable traits in some environments.
Results
We have applied reverse genetics to combine loss-of-function alleles in all three homoeologues of wheat GA20OX2 and its paralogue GA20OX1 and evaluated their performance in three years of field trials. ga20ox1 mutants exhibited a mild height reduction (approximately 3%) suggesting GA20OX1 plays a minor role in stem elongation in wheat. ga20ox2 mutants have reduced GA1 content and are 12-32% shorter than their wild-type segregants, comparable to the effect of the Rht-D1b ‘Green Revolution’ allele. The ga20ox2 mutants showed no significant negative effects on yield components, although these alleles should be evaluated in different genetic backgrounds and environments.
Conclusions
Our study demonstrates that induced mutagenesis can expand genetic variation in polyploid crops to uncover novel alleles and that mutations in GA20OX2 could have utility in wheat breeding as alternative semi-dwarfing alleles.
A new criterion for p-nilpotency and solvability of finite groups by coprime actions
Authors: Zhang Boru , Lu Jiakuan , Meng Wei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Let G and A be finite groups of relative coprime orders and A acts on G via automorphisms. In this paper, we investigate the p-nilpotency and solvability of finite groups in which every maximal A-invariant subgroup of a Sylow p-subgroup of G for some prime p is S-semipermutable.
MSC(2000): 20D10, 20D20
Development of an Efficient Nomogram for Prediction of Early Deep Vein Thrombosis Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Chen Yuting , Roumeng Chen , Wang Ying , SAIBOU BALKISSOU , Pan Lechen , Ang Guo , Li Yuqian , Xie Chenglong , Xu Yuchen , Wang Xinshi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective: Our objective was to identify the risk factors associated with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) subsequent to intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), as well as devise a highly effective and personalized predictive model for anticipating DVT occurrence in patients diagnosed with ICH.
Methods: Our research recruited a total of 875 consecutive patients diagnosed with ICH, who were then randomly split in a ratio of 3:1. The derivation group consisted of 584 individuals, while the validation cohort included 291 participants. Variables were screened from demographics, comorbidities, clinical symptoms, neuroimaging features, initial treatment in hospital, and laboratory tests. In the derivation cohort, we developed a prediction model with multivariable logistic regression analysis. In the validation cohort, we assessed the model performance and compared it to previously reported models.
Results: Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that older age (OR 1.067, 95%CI 1.040-1.095), impaired consciousness (OR 1.485, 95%CI 1.008-2.189), and infection (OR 1.905, 95%CI 1.075-3.379), were independent risk factors for early DVT. In contrast, rehabilitation (OR 0.227, 95%CI 0.118-0.438) and intact muscle stress (OR 0.828, 95%CI 0.757-0.905) were independent protective factors. We integrated these variables to construct a nomogram model. Compared to previous models, our model is well calibrated, showing higher C statistics in decision curve analysis and better reclassification ability.
Conclusions: We developed a new and efficient clinical prediction model for the rapid prediction of the probability of early DVT in patients with ICH.
Perturbed Halpern-type Algorithm Involving Multiple Split Equality Problems With Application to Dynamical Systems
Authors: ALI BASHIR , NUHU ABDULNASIR BALA 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we study multiple split equality problem involving finite family of split equality problems, fixed point problems and monotone variational inclusion problems in p-uniformly convex uniformly smooth real Banach space. We propose Halpern-type iterative algorithm for obtaining common solution of the problems listed above and derive strong convergence theorem for the algorithm under standard and mild conditions. The algorithm does not require prior knowledge of operator norm. We give some application of split equality problem in obtaining stablity of some dynamical systems, we also introduce a new dynamical system.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification. 47H09, 47J25.
Outcomes of Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy in Men after Trans-Urethral Resection of the Prostate: A Matched-Pair Analysis
Authors: Carbin Danny Darlington , Chedid Wissam Abou , Hindley Richard , Eden Christopher 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Prior history of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) can complicate Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Very few studies analyse the outcomes of RARP in men with a prior history of TURP.
Methods
We analysed the oncological and functional outcomes of RARP in post-TURP men from our prospectively maintained database. We included the RARP data from January 2016 to January 2022. Thirty men who had RARP with a prior history of TURP were identified (Group 2). They were matched using R software and propensity score matching to 90 men with no previous TURP (Group-1). The groups were matched for age, body mass index (BMI) and D’Amico risk category in a 1:3 ratio. The two-year oncological and functional outcomes were compared.
Results
Overall, the study found no significant difference between the groups in the preoperative parameters, such as BMI, age, clinical stage, prostate volume, and D’amico risk grouping. There was no difference in the estimated blood loss. The TURP group had a lower chance of having a nerve spare (p = 0.03). The median console time was longer in the TURP group (140 minutes (120,180) versus 168 (129,190) p = 0.058). The postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo 3a 2% versus 6.7%) and hospital stay (median of 2 days), positive surgical margins, continence, and biochemical recurrence rates at 3, 12, and 24 months were not statistically different between the groups.
Conclusion
In high-volume centres, the oncological and continence outcomes of RARP post-TURP are not inferior to that of men without prior TURP.
Adherence to and optimization of guidelines for Risk of Recurrence/Prosigna testing using a machine learning model: a Swedish multicenter study
Authors: Kjällquist Una , Tsiknakis Nikolaos , Acs Balazs , Margolin Sara , Kessler Luisa Edman , Levy Scarlett , Ekholm Maria , Lundgren Christine , Olsson Erik , Lindman Henrik , Valachis Antonios , Hartman Johan , Foukakis Theodoros , Matikas Alexios 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Gene expression profiles are used for decision making in the adjuvant setting of hormone receptor positive, HER2 negative (HR+/HER2-) breast cancer. Previous studies have reported algorithms to optimize the use of RS/Oncotype Dx but no such efforts have focused on ROR/Prosigna. We sought to improve pe-selection of patients before testing using machine learning.
Methods
Postmenopausal women with resected HR+/HER2- node negative breast cancer tested with ROR/Prosigna in four Swedish regions were included (n = 348). We used the ROR/Prosigna assessment results to compare the performance of four risk classifications in terms of over- and undertreatment. We developed and validated a machine learning model that comprised simple prognostic factors (size, progesterone receptor expression, grade and Ki67) for prediction of ROR/Prosigna outcome.
Results
Adherence to guidelines reached 66.3%, with non-tested patients being older and having more comorbidities (p < 0.001). Previous risk classifications led to excessive undertreatments (CTS5: 21.8%, MINDACT/TailorX risk definitions: 28.1%) or large intermediate groups that would need to be tested with gene expression profiling (Ki67 cut-offs according to Plan B: 86.5%). The model achieved AUC under ROC for predicting ROR/Prosigna result of 0.77 in the training and 0.83 in the validation cohort. By setting and validating upper and lower cut-offs in the model, we could improve correct risk stratification and decrease the proportion of patients needing testing with ROR/Prosigna compared to current management.
Conclusion
We show the feasibility of machine learning algorithms to improve patient selection for gene expression profiling. Further validation in external cohorts is needed.
Hepatic LRP-1 plays an important role in amyloidosis in Alzheimer’s disease mice: Potential role in chronic heavy alcohol feeding
Authors: Chandrashekar Devaraj V. , Roules G. Chuli , Jagadeesan Nataraj , Oyegbesan Adenike , Imiruaye Oghenetega E. , Zhang Hai , Garcia Jerome , Win Sanda , Than Tin A. , Kaplowitz Neil , Roosan Moom , Han Derick , Sumbria Rachita K. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Hepatic lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP-1) plays a central role in peripheral Aβ clearance, but its importance in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology is understudied. Our previous work showed that intragastric alcohol feeding to C57BL/6Jmice reduced hepatic LRP-1 expression which correlated with significant AD-relevant changes in the brain. Herein, we examined the role of hepatic LRP-1 in AD pathogenesis in APP/PS1 AD mice using two approaches to modulate hepatic LRP-1, intragastric alcohol feeding to model chronic heavy drinking shown by us to reduce hepatic LRP-1, and hepato-specific LRP-1 silencing; both approaches have never been attempted in AD mice.
Methods: Eight-month-old male APP/PS1 mice were fed ethanol or control diet intragastrically for 5 weeks (n=7-11/group). Brain and liver Aβ were assessed using immunoassays. Three important mechanisms of brain amyloidosis were investigated: hepatic LRP-1 (major peripheral Aβ regulator), blood-brain barrier (BBB) function (vascular Aβ regulator), and microglia (major brain Aβ regulator) using immunoassays. Spatial LRP-1 gene expression in the periportal versus pericentral hepatic regions was confirmed using NanoString GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler. Further, hepatic LRP-1 was silenced by injecting LRP-1 microRNA delivered by the adeno-associated virus 8 (AAV8) and the hepato-specific thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) promoter to 4-month-old male APP/PS1 mice (n=6). Control APP/PS1 mice received control AAV8 (n=6). Spatial memory and locomotion were assessed 12 weeks after LRP-1 silencing using Y-maze and open-field test, respectively, and brain and liver Aβ were measured.
Results: Alcohol feeding reduced plaque-associated microglia in APP/PS1 mice brains and increased aggregated Aβ (p<0.05) by ELISA and 6E10-positive Aβ load by immunostaining (p<0.05). Increased brain Aβ corresponded with a significant downregulation of hepatic LRP-1 (p<0.01) at the protein and transcript level, primarily in pericentral hepatocytes (zone 3) where alcohol-induced injury occurs. Hepato-specific LRP-1 silencing significantly increased brain Aβ and locomotion hyperactivity (p<0.05) in APP/PS1 mice.
Conclusion: Chronic heavy alcohol intake reduced hepatic LRP-1 expression and increased brain Aβ. The hepato-specific LRP-1 silencing similarly increased brain Aβ which was associated with behavioral deficits in APP/PS1 mice. Collectively, our results suggest that hepatic LRP-1 is a key regulator of brain amyloidosis in alcohol-dependent AD.
Integral Evaluation of the Cellulose of Tibouchina lepidota (Bonpl.) Baill. for the Valorization of Residues in Sustainable Forestry Management
Authors: Vela Dennis Renato Manzano , Vizuete Rolando Fabián Zabala , Mancheno Ana Carola Flores 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study investigates cellulose extracted from Tibouchina lepidota, a native forest species of Ecuador. It focuses on its potential for industrial use, highlighting its role in the circular economy and carbon footprint reduction. The research explores the use of forest waste as a cellulose source, proposing sustainable alternatives to traditional tree species. The methodology includes botanical identification, sample pretreatment, and cellulose extraction through an alkaline process. The extracted cellulose was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and optical microscopy, examining its morphology, structure, and solubility to determine its typology. Results revealed that particle size significantly influences cellulose extraction yield, with smaller particles showing higher efficiency, confirming it as beta-type via solubility tests in alkaline solutions. Microscopic observations indicated a high-quality filamentous structure, with thin, long, and non-oriented filaments. This research demonstrates the viability of Tibouchina lepidota as a sustainable cellulose source, highlighting its potential for industry and contribution to more sustainable and balanced forest management practices, providing a solid foundation for future developments in bioeconomy and composite material industry.
Evaluation of Ocular Surface in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients under Conventional Synthetic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs
Authors: Boncukçu Kadriye Demir , Çakır Burçin , Aksoy Nilgün Özkan , Kahyaoğlu Zeynep , Gönüllü Emel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate and compare ocular surface findings in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients under conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs).
Material and Methods: The files of adult patients (≥18 years) diagnosed with Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) according to the 2010 American College of Rheumatology (ACR)–European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis were reviewed retrospectively. RA disease activity was evaluated according to the DAS-28 score, and patients with similar severity of disease were enrolled. Patients received hydroxychloroquine, methotrexate and leflunomide treatments, were determined as group 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Ocular surface evaluation, ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire, Schirmer 1 test, tear break-up time (TBUT), Oxford scoring according to corneal and conjunctival fluorescein staining (CFS), Conjunctival impression cytology (CIC), and the presence of posterior blepharitis were noted and statistically compared between the groups.
Results: The mean age of 49 RA patients was 57.9±10.2 years; 39 were female, and 10 were male. The mean follow-up period for RA was 12.1±7.8 years. The numbers of patients were 19, 15, and 14 in group 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The median (min max) OSDI questionnaire scores for the groups were 31.3(19.2-68.75) ,33.4(19.7-69.7), 49(21.1-67.1), respectively (p>0.05). The median (min-max)) Schirmer 1 test was 9mm (2-14mm) in group 1, 8mm (4-20mm) in group 2, and 7mm (5-15mm) in group 3 (p>0.005). Tear film BUT test was measured as 7s (3-10s), 5.5s (2-10s), and 5s (2-10s) in the groups, respectively (p>0.005). Statistically significant difference was not found in terms of Oxford score which evaluates the staining of the ocular surface with fluorescein (p>0.005). According to the Nelson grading of CIC, statistically significant difference was observed between the groups. (p=0,016). The presence of posterior blepharitis was statistically significant different among groups (p=0.003).
Conclusion: Grade 3 CIC score was highest in the patients under leflunomide therapy. Besides, posterior blepharitis was observed more frequently in the patients under methotrexate therapy.