bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrasting resistance and resilience trajectories of zooplankton communities in restored fishless alpine lakes
Authors: Stuparyk Blake R. , Vinebrooke Rolf D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCatastrophic state changes often occur in ecosystems as consequences of shifts in the dominant life forms, such as in the case of sportfish introduction into naturally fishless mountain lakes. While the pronounced ecological displacement of native communities by these novel predators (i.e., weak resistance) is well documented, few studies have also examined the dynamics of their recovery rates (i.e., “engineering resilience”) following stressor removal. We addressed this knowledge gap by quantifying the taxonomic and species trait‐based ordination trajectories of crustacean zooplankton communities in stocked alpine lakes, which differed in how they were restored to a natural fishless state over a period of six decades. Resilience and resistance trajectories differed in each lake as the ecological importance of trait‐based species recolonization potential (e.g., asexual vs. sexual reproduction) replaced that of tolerance of size‐selective predation by fish (e.g., body size, pigmentation, motility). As a result, re‐establishment of large‐bodied zooplankton following the elimination of fish restored annual secondary production. In contrast, a more gradual unidirectional ordination trajectory toward smaller zooplankton body size and a decline in total zooplankton biomass occurred in a nearby alpine lake containing a protected native bull trout population. Although recovery trajectories returned via routes that differed from those of earlier resistance trajectories (i.e., hysteresis), we discovered that full taxonomic and functional recovery was realized in all the restored fishless lakes within three decades, regardless of the approach used to achieve ecosystem restoration.
Shifts in grasses diversity patterns between two contrasting 40‐year climate periods in tropical dry islands
Authors: Duarte Maria Cristina , Rocha Vanézia , Fernández‐Palacios José María , Gomes Isildo , Neto Carlos , Costa José C. , Branquinho Cristina , Romeiras Maria M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGrasses are one of the most successful and dispersed plant families worldwide and their environmental and economic values are widely acknowledged. They dominate the landscape of Cabo Verde, the southernmost and driest archipelago of Macaronesia, and are relevant natural resources for local populations, but a comprehensive evaluation of their distribution patterns is still lacking. In this study, we aim to evaluate the potential effects of climate change using the long‐term data concerning grass distribution in Cabo Verde and the widely recognized climatic variability of this archipelago, which entails a huge irregularity in spatial and temporal rainfall. We identified two contrasting climatic periods (wet, from 1929 to 1968, and dry, from 1969 to 2007) and gathered all the information available from the bibliography, herbaria, and fieldwork concerning spontaneous grass species recorded in Cabo Verde during those two periods, which amounted to 107 taxa. This information was then used to disclose the patterns of grass diversity as related to climatic and topographic variables (altitude and windward vs. leeward aspects). Different altitudinal shifts in the distribution patterns of grass species assemblages and an assemblage specific to the wet period were revealed by comparing the two climatic periods. The role of exposure in delimiting the altitudinal distribution of the various assemblages was highlighted; the trade winds clearly determine the distribution of grass assemblages. We detected shifts in the distribution of grass assemblages according to the climatic periods (related to the macroclimate) and local topographic factors (associated with mesoclimates). Also, functional traits (i.e., annuals vs. perennials, C3 vs. C4 grasses, and tropical vs. temperate species) were found to vary between wet and dry periods, as well as with altitude and with slope aspect. Understanding species distributions and the role of the climatic variability of Cabo Verde is crucial to predicting how climate change will affect them and thus to support effective management and conservation actions.
Bioclogging effects on mass transport using volume averaging method in bioretention cell treating wastewater: Theories
Authors: Li Zhaolong , Wang Yajun , Jin Wenju 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn bioretention cell (BRC) systems, internal clogging in the hydraulic field caused by microbial organisms growing in the nonuniform porous media can lead to the reduction of denitrification capacity. To investigate microbial effect processes, a multispecies biological field‐hydraulic coupling transport model in BRC was developed based on the average volume method (AVM) and traditional convection‐diffusion–reaction equation. This model provides a method to establish a connection between the microscale biofilm thickness and the macroscale measurement of pollutant concentration, which has been less frequently discussed in previous research. The present work differs from earlier works by explicitly smoothing the diversity and complexity of media structure by upscaling the physical quantities using the AVM. The results suggest that the model is derived for enhancing a more comprehensive understanding the relationship between the microscopic biofilm thickness and the measured concentration. It is also found that the infiltration description is required adding porosity parameter in order to have an accurate simulation of permeable phenomena under biologically growing condition.
Bee (Apis mellifera L. 1758) wax restores adipogenesis and lipid accumulation of 3T3‐L1 cells in cancer‐associated cachexia condition
Authors: Jang Hyun‐Jun , Kim Hyun‐Yong , Lyu Ji Hyo , Muthamil Subramanian , Shin Ung Cheol , Kim Hyo Seon , Jeong Jieun , Chang Suwhan , Lee Yun Kyung , Park Jun Hong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCachexia is associated with various diseases, such as heart disease, infectious disease, and cancer. In particular, cancer‐associated cachexia (CAC) accounts for more than 20% of mortality in cancer patients worldwide. Adipose tissue in CAC is characterized by adipocyte atrophy, mainly due to excessively increased lipolysis and impairment of adipogenesis. CAC is well known for the loss of skeletal muscle mass and/or fat mass. CAC induces severe metabolic alterations, including protein, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolism. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of bee wax (Apis mellifera L. 1758) (BW) extract on adipogenesis, lipolysis, and mitochondrial oxygen consumption through white adipocytes, 3T3‐L1. To achieve this study, cancer‐associated cachexia condition was established by incubation of 3T3‐L1 with colon cancer cell line CT26 cultured media. BW extract recovered the reduced adipogenesis under cachectic conditions in CT26 media. Treatment of BW showed increasing lipid accumulation as well as adipogenic gene expression and its target gene during adipogenesis. The administration of BW to adipocytes could decrease lipolysis. Also, BW could significantly downregulated the mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation‐related genes, oxygen consumption rate, and extracellular acidification rate. Our results suggest that BW could improve metabolic disorders such as CAC through the activation of adipogenesis and inhibition of lipolysis in adipocytes, although we need further validation in vivo CAC model to check the effects of BW extract. Therefore, BW extract supplements could be useful as an alternative medicine to reverse energy imbalances.
Physicochemical stability of corn protein hydrolysate/tannic acid complex‐based β‐carotene nanoemulsion delivery system
Authors: Wang Yong‐Hui , He Sheng‐Hua , Huang Ji‐Hong , Guo Wei‐Yun , Gao Xue‐Li , Li Guang‐Hui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractModerate non‐covalent interaction of protein and polyphenols can improve the emulsifying property of protein itself. The corn protein hydrolysate (CPH) and tannic acid (TA) complex was successfully used to construct nanoemulsion for algal oil delivery. There has been no study on the feasibility of this nanoemulsion delivery system for other food functional components, for example, β‐carotene (β‐CE). CPH/TA complex‐based nanoemulsion system for β‐CE delivery was studied, focusing on the effect of β‐CE content on the physicochemical stability of the nanoemulsions. The nanoemulsion delivery systems (dia. 150 nm) with low viscosity and good liquidity were easily fabricated by two‐step emulsification. The nanoemulsions with high β‐CE content (>71.5 μg/mL) significantly increased (p < .05) the emulsion droplet size. However, there was no significant (p > .05) effect of β‐CE content on polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta potential of the nanoemulsions. The storage (30 days) experiment results demonstrated that the droplet size of the nanoemulsions with varying β‐CE content increased slightly during storage. However, the PDI values showed a slightly decreasing trend. Zeta potentials of the nanoemulsions showed no noticeable change during storage. Moreover, after storage of 30 days, the retention ratios of β‐CE were found to be up to 90%, which suggests an excellent protective effect for β‐CE by the nanoemulsion systems. The CPH/TA complex stabilized nanoemulsions could aggregate in gastric condition, but the β‐CE content did not have obvious effect on the digestive stability of the nanoemulsions. The CPH/TA complex could be employed as an emulsifier to construct a physicochemical stable nanoemulsion delivery system for lipophilic active components.
Negative learning emotions and learning goal orientation in teams: HRD implications
Authors: Chen Kuang‐Jung , Lin Chieh‐Peng , Liu Na‐Ting , Chen Pei‐Chun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUtilizing insights from team regulation theory and social cognitive theory, this research conducted empirical testing through a field survey involving engineering teams. This research is significant as it inspires teams to effectively harness their learning capacity, thereby enhancing collective motivation for future success. The results showed (1) collective learning efficacy mediated the negative relationship between negative learning emotions and team performance, (2) collective learning efficacy mediated the positive relationship between learning goal orientation and team performance, and (3) relationship conflict moderated the relationship between negative learning emotions and collective learning efficacy. Team leaders can employ strategies to reignite team workers' enthusiasm for enhancing learning goal orientation and to redirect their focus away from negative emotional states. These efforts can lead to enhanced collective learning efficacy and overall performance.
Apheresis practice variation during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Results of a survey
Authors: Tanhehco Yvette C. , Alsammak Mohamed , Chhibber Vishesh , Ibeh Nnaemeka , Li Yanhua , Stephens Laura D. , Noland Daniel K. , Wu Ding Wen , Zantek Nicole D. , DeChristopher Phillip J. , Martin Marisa Claudia Saint , Lu Wen , Wehrli Gay 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic affected healthcare delivery across all specialties including apheresis. To describe the changes in apheresis service practices that occurred during the pandemic, the American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) Apheresis Medicine Attending Physician Subcommittee conducted a survey study.Study Design and MethodsA 32‐question survey was designed and distributed to 400 ASFA physician members on September 7, 2022. Attending physicians responded to questions about whether and how apheresis service practices changed during the COVID‐19 pandemic compared with the time period prior to the pandemic in terms of: (1) procedure types and volumes, (2) patient consultation workflow, and (3) the use of telemedicine. Descriptive analyses were reported as number and frequency of responses.ResultsThe survey response rate was 13.8% (55/400). Of these respondents, 96.4% (53/55) were attending physicians. The majority of respondents (42/53, 79.2%) indicated that the types of procedures performed during COVID‐19 compared to pre‐pandemic did not change. Most frequently for apheresis procedure volume, respondents reported: no change in their monthly inpatient volume (21/47, 44.7%) and a decrease in their monthly outpatient volume (28/46, 60.9%). Prior to COVID‐19, 75.0% (30/40) of respondents performed consultations at bedside for inpatients and 67.4% (29/43) performed consultations at bedside for outpatients. Bedside consultations decreased in both settings during the pandemic but were still most frequently performed by attending physicians. At the same time, the use of telemedicine increased for 15.4% of survey respondents during COVID‐19.ConclusionSome, but not all, respondents observed or made changes to their apheresis service during the COVID‐19 pandemic. A subset of changes, such as increased utilization of telemedicine, may persist.
Assessing the clinical efficacy of low‐volume therapeutic plasma exchange in achieving recovery from acute liver failure induced by yellow phosphorous poisoning
Authors: Ninan Ancy , Mohan Ganesh , Shanbhag Vishal , Chenna Deepika , Shastry Shamee , Rao Shwethapriya 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAcute liver failure (ALF) following yellow phosphorous (YP) ingestion is similar to acetaminophen‐induced ALF and it has become a public concern in our region. This study assessed low volume therapeutic plasma exchange (LV‐TPE) efficacy in improving the transplant free survival in YP poisoning.MethodsAdult patients with toxicology reports of YP and ALF requiring critical care were included in the study. LV‐TPE was planned for three consecutive days and three more if required. Performed 1.3 to 1.5 plasma volume replacing with 0.9% normal saline, 5% human albumin solution, and fresh frozen plasma based on ASFA 2019 criteria. MELD score, laboratory parameters, LV‐TPE details were captured. The study end point was clinical outcome of the patients.ResultsAmong 36 patients, 19 underwent LV‐TPE and 17 opted out of LV‐TPE and they were included as a control arm. The MELD score was 32.64 ± 8.05 and 37.83 ± 9.37 in both groups. There were 13 survivors in LV‐TPE group leading to a 68.42% reduction in mortality. The coagulation and biochemical parameters showed a significant percentage change after LV‐TPE. Refractory shock, delay in initiating procedure and acidosis were independent predictors of mortality.ConclusionA well‐timed LV‐TPE improves the survival of patients with ALF due to YP poisoning.
Suspected autoimmune encephalitis: A retrospective study of patients referred for therapeutic plasma exchange
Authors: Crowe Elizabeth P. , Diaz‐Arias Luisa A. , Habis Ralph , Vozniak Sonja O. , Geocadin Romergryko G. , Venkatesan Arun , Tobian Aaron A.R. , Probasco John C. , Bloch Evan M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionAutoimmune encephalitis (AE) comprises a heterogeneous group of autoantibody‐mediated disorders targeting the brain parenchyma. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), one of several first‐line therapies for AE, is often initiated when AE is suspected, albeit prior to an established diagnosis. We sought to characterize the role of TPE in the treatment of suspected AE.MethodsA single‐center, retrospective analysis was performed of adults (≥18 years) who underwent at least one TPE procedure for “suspected AE.” The following parameters were extracted and evaluated descriptively: clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment course, TPE‐related adverse events, outcomes (e.g., modified Rankin scale [mRS]), and diagnosis once investigation was complete.ResultsA total of 37 patients (median age 56 years, range 28–77 years, 62.2% male) were evaluated. Autoimmune antibody testing was positive in serum for 43.2% (n = 16) and cerebrospinal fluid for 29.7% (n = 11).Patients underwent a median of five TPE procedures (range 3–16), with 97.3% (n = 36) via a central line and 21.6% (n = 8) requiring at least one unit of plasma as replacement fluid. Fifteen patients (40.5%) experienced at least one TPE‐related adverse event. Compared with mRS at admission, the mRS at discharge was improved in 21.6% (n = 8), unchanged in 59.5% (n = 22), or worse in 18.9% (n = 7). Final diagnosis of AE was determined to be definite in 48.6% (n = 18), probable in 8.1% (n = 3) and possible in 27.0% (n = 10). Six (16.2%) patients were ultimately determined to have an alternate etiology.ConclusionEmpiric TPE for suspected AE is generally well‐tolerated. However, its efficacy remains uncertain in the absence of controlled trials, particularly in the setting of seronegative disease.
KLF13 promotes VSMCs phenotypic dedifferentiation by directly binding to the SM22α promoter
Authors: Yuan Xiaofan , Jiang Chuan , Xue Yuzhou , Guo Fuqiang , Luo Minghao , Guo Lei , Gao Yang , Yuan Tongling , Xu Hui , Chen Hong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractKrüppel‐like factor 13 (KLF13), a zinc finger transcription factor, is considered as a potential regulator of cardiomyocyte differentiation and proliferation during heart morphogenesis. However, its precise role in the dedifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) during atherosclerosis and neointimal formation after injury remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the relationship between KLF13 and SM22α expression in normal and atherosclerotic plaques by bioanalysis, and observed a significant increase in KLF13 levels in the atherosclerotic plaques of both human patients and ApoE−/− mice. Knockdown of KLF13 was found to ameliorate intimal hyperplasia following carotid artery injury. Furthermore, we discovered that KLF13 directly binds to the SM22α promoter, leading to the phenotypic dedifferentiation of VSMCs. Remarkably, we observed a significant inhibition of platelet‐derived growth factor BB‐induced VSMCs dedifferentiation, proliferation, and migration when knocked down KLF13 in VSMCs. This inhibitory effect of KLF13 knockdown on VCMC function was, at least in part, mediated by the inactivation of p‐AKT signaling in VSMCs. Overall, our findings shed light on a potential therapeutic target for treating atherosclerotic lesions and restenosis after vascular injury.
Development of a three‐dimensional printed model from a digital impression of a real patient for aesthetic dentistry undergraduate teaching
Authors: Arroyo‐Bote Sebastiana , Bennasar‐Verger Catalina , Martínez‐Jover Andrés , Ferragut‐Pina Pablo , Riutot‐Sbert Pere , López‐González Ángel Arturo , Barkvol Pål 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe acquisition of skills and manual dexterity in aesthetic dentistry in undergraduate teaching requires preclinical practices with simulation that should approximate real clinical situations.ObjectiveWe will present a digital procedure for the creation of three‐dimensional (3D) resin models adapted to the practices of the Aesthetic Dentistry course.Material and methodStereolithography or Standard Tesellation Language (STL) files of a real patient were previously obtained with a 3‐shape intraoral scanner. Using the Exocad computer programme for dental prosthesis design, various modifications were made, such as incisor rotation, surface alterations imitating dysplasias or erosions, the creation of diastemas, or even changes in tooth size. The virtual model was printed in resin for use by students. Once the practices were finished, the students and the teachers evaluated the use of the 3D printed models.ResultsThe result is the typodont model, in which seven laboratory sessions took place: 1‐Restoration of conoid tooth morphology, 2‐Cervical abrasion/ erosion restoration, 3‐Direct Composite Veneer, 4‐Aesthetic correction in a tooth with rotation, 5‐Diastem closure, 6‐Occlusal abrasions/ erosion, and 7‐Maryland bridge. 90.48% of the students evaluated the designed 3D model as the best method for laboratory practice compared to other methods, obtaining a general assessment of 8.3 out of 10.ConclusionThe method used has provided a reproducible standard analog model for direct aesthetic dental restoration practice, with a good assessment by students and teachers.
Flexible list colorings: Maximizing the number of requests satisfied
Authors: Kaul Hemanshu , Mathew Rogers , Mudrock Jeffrey A. , Pelsmajer Michael J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFlexible list coloring was introduced by Dvořák, Norin, and Postle in 2019. Suppose , is a graph, is a list assignment for , and is a function with nonempty domain such that for each ( is called a request of ). The triple is ‐satisfiable if there exists a proper ‐coloring of such that for at least vertices in . We say is ‐flexible if is ‐satisfiable whenever is a ‐assignment for and is a request of . It was shown by Dvořák et al. that if is prime, is a ‐degenerate graph, and is a request for with domain of size 1, then is 1‐satisfiable whenever is a ‐assignment. In this paper, we extend this result to all for bipartite ‐degenerate graphs.The literature on flexible list coloring tends to focus on showing that for a fixed graph and there exists an such that is ‐flexible, but it is natural to try to find the largest possible for which is ‐flexible. In this vein, we improve a result of Dvořák et al., by showing ‐degenerate graphs are ‐flexible. In pursuit of the largest for which a graph is ‐flexible, we observe that a graph is not ‐flexible for any if and only if , where is the Hall ratio of , and we initiate the study of the list flexibility number of a graph , which is the smallest such that is ‐flexible. We study relationships and connections between the list flexibility number, list chromatic number, list packing number, and degeneracy of a graph.
Concurrent BCR‐ABL1 and core binding factor beta rearrangement in de novo acute myeloid leukemia: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Salter Brittany , Ge Sarah , Tam Amy , Demczuk Suzanne , Butcher Darci , McCready Elizabeth , Khalaf Dina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA distinct subset of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph+), due to reciprocal translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11.2). This chromosomal rearrangement leads to the fusion of the breakpoint cluster region (BCR) gene on chromosome 22 with the ABL1 gene on chromosome 9, generating the BCR::ABL1 fusion gene. The Ph+ AML subtype is associated with poor prognosis and resistance to conventional chemotherapy. Beyond the well‐established BCR::ABL1 fusion, recent studies have shed light on additional genetic abnormalities in Ph+ AML, including associations with rearrangements involving core binding factor beta (CBFB). We describe a case of de novo AML with concurrent BCR::ABL1 and CBFB::MYH11 rearrangements.
Antiviral activity of adenoviral vector expressing human interferon lambda‐4 against influenza virus
Authors: Kim Dong‐Hwi , Kim Jae‐Hyeong , Lim Kyu‐Beom , Lee Joong‐Bok , Park Seung‐Yong , Song Chang‐Seon , Lee Sang‐Won , Lee Dong‐Hun , Choi In‐Soo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInterferon lambda (IFNλ), classified as a type III IFN, is a representative cytokine that plays an important role in innate immunity along with type I IFN. IFNλ can elicit antiviral states by inducing peculiar sets of IFN‐stimulated genes (ISGs). In this study, an adenoviral vector expression system with a tetracycline operator system was used to express human IFNλ4 in cells and mice. The formation of recombinant adenovirus (rAd‐huIFNλ4) was confirmed using immunohistochemistry assays and transmission electron microscopy. Its purity was verified by quantifying host cell DNA and host cell proteins, as well as by confirming the absence of the replication‐competent adenovirus. The transduction of rAd‐huIFNλ4 induced ISGs and inhibited four subtypes of the influenza virus in both mouse‐derived (LA‐4) and human‐derived cells (A549). The antiviral state was confirmed in BALB/c mice following intranasal inoculation with 109 PFU of rAd‐huIFNλ4, which led to the inhibition of four subtypes of the influenza virus in mouse lungs, with reduced inflammatory lesions. These results imply that human IFNλ4 could induce antiviral status by modulating ISG expression in mice.