bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful treatment of a squamous cell carcinoma in a white rhinoceros, Ceratotherium simum
Authors: Goodman Gidona , Rhind Susan , Meredith Anna 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA captive 33‐year‐old male white rhinoceros with seasonal dermatitis was diagnosed with a malignant squamous cell carcinoma on the right flank. Staphylococcus aureus was cultured from the skin lesions. No fungal or yeast was isolated. The dermatitis was treated with a combination of oral antibiotics (trimethoprim–sulphadiazine) and topically with weekly chlorhexidine washes and a mixture of a zinc oxide, balsam peru and bismuth oxide cream. Under azaperone and butorphanol anaesthesia, the skin tumour was surgically removed. The tumour was excised with wide margins and allowed to heal by secondary intention as primary wound closure was not possible. A post‐mortem performed 2 years later for an unrelated condition revealed no metastases or recurrence of the skin tumour. It was presumed that chronic irritation or trauma may have contributed to the development of the skin tumour. This is the first detailed report of the successful treatment of a squamous cell carcinoma not associated with the horn in a rhinoceros.
Multiple generalized follicular cysts in a stallion
Authors: Ginel Pedro J. , Zafra Rafael , Lucena Rosario , Bautista María J. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis case report describes a case of multiple follicular cysts in a 4‐year‐old Spanish purebred stallion. The lesions ranged in size from 0.5 to 3 cm in diameter, and were firm, well circumscribed and nonpruritic. They developed over a 2‐year period with a generalized distribution affecting all body regions. Five nodules were removed and histopathologically corresponded to simple epidermal cysts (infundibular and isthmus‐catagen) with squamous epithelium and a keratin filled cavity. Lesions were not evident at birth but their number, early age of detection, slow growth and lack of previous trauma suggested that they were congenital. To the authors’ knowledge, this condition has not previously been reported either in young horses or in Spanish purebred horses.
Biology of epidermal and hair pigmentation in cattle: a mini‐review
Authors: Seo Kangseok , Mohanty Tushar R. , Choi Tejeong , Hwang Inho 
Published: October 2007

AbstractCoat colours in cattle have been of interest to both breeders and researchers as genes regulating pigmentation not only affect the phenotype but also have economic implications in the event of genetic mutations. The genes controlling pigmentation act as a complex and interact with each other to cause phenotypic and genotypic variations. Pigmentation of coat broadly depends on the ratio of eumelanin and pheomelanin, the two components of melanin. Increase in eumelanin imparts a black coat colour while raise in pheomelanin is responsible for a yellowish or reddish colour. The main enzymes responsible for melanogenesis are regulated by the genes of the tyrosinase family. It is speculated that the wild‐type gene present in the ancestral breeds of the present day cattle have more pheomelanin content and that, over time, mutations have introduced more variations leading to many shades. This could have occurred either because of interactions or because of deletions in the responsible genes. The environmental conditions have also contributed to mutations in these genes, helping in the adaptability of the animals to different geographical regions. The switching between the syntheses of melanin components depends on several genes like melanocortin‐1receptor gene (MC1r) – also known as melanocyte‐stimulating hormone receptor gene (MSHr)‐, agouti (A), attractin (Atrn) and mahogunin (Mgrn1). The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent advances in the field of pigment biology and to highlight possible areas of research that may benefit a breeder or a farmer in the selection of animals on the basis of phenotype.
First report of multiresistant,mecA‐positiveStaphylococcus intermediusin Europe: 12 cases from a veterinary dermatology referral clinic in Germany
Authors: Loeffler Anette , Linek Monika , Moodley Arshnee , Guardabassi Luca , Sung Julia M. L. , Winkler Margit , Weiss Reinhard , Lloyd David H. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractResistance to cephalosporins and/or fluoroquinolones byStaphylococcus intermediushas remained low in Europe, with effective drugs generally available for systemic therapy in pets. However, multiresistant,mecA‐positiveS. intermediusisolated from dogs and cats is now emerging in Europe. TwelveS. intermediusisolates, highly resistant to at least five antimicrobial classes, were isolated from skin and ear infections in 11 dogs and a cat. The 12 isolates represented 23% of allS. intermediussubmissions from one veterinary dermatology referral clinic in northern Germany to veterinary diagnostic laboratories during an 18‐month period and resistance included cefalexin, methicillin and enrofloxacin. The animals had been referred to the clinic with recurrent superficial pyoderma, deep pyoderma, pododermatitis or chronic otitis, all unresponsive to systemic β‐lactam‐antibiotics or fluoroquinolones. Infection resolved in 10 dogs and the cat on a combination of antimicrobial treatment and correction of underlying causes. Four dogs and a cat required systemic and topical therapy; in six dogs topical antimicrobial therapy alone was successful. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of theS. intermediusisolates were determined; species identification was confirmed by polymerase chain detection of thermonuclease genes (nuc) and the presence and expression of the gene conferring resistance to all β‐lactam antibiotics (mecA) were demonstrated in all; based on pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis, six were indistinguishable, the others closely or possibly related. The emergence of multiresistant,mecA‐positiveS. intermediusin Europe is alarming. Zoonotic implications, awareness among veterinary laboratories and strategies for the use of antimicrobials in small animal practice need to be considered.
Melanoma in organ transplant recipients: The old enemy finds a new battleground
Authors: Dinh Quan Q , Chong Alvin H 
Published: October 2007

SUMMARYPopulation registry data and published studies have demonstrated that melanomas in the transplant population occur 1.6–2.5 times more commonly compared with the general population. Studies examining possible risk factors have suggested that in this patient population, there is an increased number of melanocytic naevi. Whether this phenomenon is aetiologically related to subsequent melanoma development is currently unclear. Only one study examined the prognosis of melanomas in this population. The Israel Penn International Transplant Tumor Registry has collated patient data voluntarily submitted by transplant physicians throughout the USA since 1968. Analysis of melanomas in this study found that approximately half were Breslow thickness >1.51 mm. Overall, there was a high rate of nodal and distant metastases, with poorer 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year survival rates compared with the general population. There is a paucity of good‐quality evidence regarding melanoma in organ transplant recipients. Further research involving international collaborative trials, particularly on risk factors and the prognosis of melanomas in this population, could present a more substantial evidence base from which treatment guidelines based on data could be developed.
Pyogenic granuloma in children: Treatment with topical imiquimod
Authors: Fallah Haady , Fischer Gayle , Zagarella Samuel 
Published: October 2007

SUMMARYWe report the successful treatment of five children with facial pyogenic granuloma using topical imiquimod 5% cream. In all cases, resolution of the lesions was achieved within 2–4 weeks. Local erythema and scaling, consistent with a typical imiquimod response, was the most commonly observed side effect. No systemic complications were observed in any of the patients. There has been no recurrence of any of the lesions to date. Small mildly erythematous or hypopigmented macules remain at this stage of follow up.
Becker's naevus and segmental naevus depigmentosus: An example of twin spotting?
Authors: Afsar F Sule , Aktas Safiye , Ortac Ragıp 
Published: October 2007

SUMMARYA 12‐year‐old girl presented with a 1‐year history of a Becker's naevus involving the right posterior thigh and gluteal area. In addition, three hypopigmented macules of naevus depigmentosus distributed in a segmental pattern on the medial aspect of the right posterior thigh had been present since birth. We suggest that their unusual coexistence in close proximity may represent an example of twin spotting.
Childhood sarcoidosis presenting with extensive cutaneous lesions, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and severe hypercalcaemia
Authors: Mortimer Neil J , Sladden Michael J , Hill Sarah E , Graham‐Brown Robin AC 
Published: October 2007

SUMMARYA 9‐year‐old boy with a history of atopic dermatitis presented with a 4‐month history of an asymptomatic papular eruption. This was predominantly perioral in distribution with lesser involvement of the neck, arms and trunk. Investigations revealed severe hypercalcaemia of 3.77 mmol/L (normal range 2.10–2.60) and bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. The diagnosis of sarcoidosis was supported by granulomata in skin and lymph node biopsies on histopathological examination. Prednisolone (2 mg/kg/day) rapidly normalized serum calcium.
Pseudochromhidrosis: Blue discolouration of the head and neck
Authors: Hill Sarah , Duffill Mark , Lamont Duncan , Rademaker Marius , Yung Anthony 
Published: October 2007

SUMMARYA 57‐year‐old man is presented with blue pseudochromhidrosis affecting the face and neck following combination treatment with lansoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, and ranitidine, a type two histamine receptor antagonist. The diagnosis was made on the basis of clinico‐histological features and growth of Malassezia furfur, and Bacillus species, not Bacillus cereus, in the absence of lipofuscin. The pseudochromhidrosis resolved on stopping both medications and did not recur on restarting only the proton pump inhibitor.
Eosinophilic ulcer of the tongue
Authors: Ada Simin , Seckin Deniz , Tarhan Erkan , Buyuklu Fuat , Cakmak Ozcan , Arikan Unser 
Published: October 2007

SUMMARYA 76‐year‐old woman presented with a 1‐month history of a rapidly expanding painful ulcerated nodule on her tongue following tooth extraction. Triamcinolone acetonide ointment was applied twice daily for 1 month without any benefit. The histopathology of the excision specimen was consistent with an eosinophilic ulcer of the oral mucosa. There has been no recurrence 12 months later.
Osler's nodes and Janeway lesions
Authors: Gunson Todd H , Oliver G Fergus 
Published: October 2007

SUMMARYThe pathogenesis of Osler's nodes and Janeway lesions remains a mystery despite vigorous debate over the last 113 years. They are given great emphasis among the clinical signs of bacterial endocarditis but are seldom seen in practice. Two cases of subacute bacterial endocarditis are presented. A 66‐year‐old woman with Bartonella henselae endocarditis developed Osler's nodes on the hands postoperatively, and a 23‐year‐old man with Streptococcus oralis endocarditis developed tender macules with an appearance suggestive of Janeway lesions on one heel. The dermatopathology was similar in the two cases, consisting of a leukocytoclastic vasculitis without micro‐abscess formation or visible organisms. Although the appearance is usually consistent, it is not always possible to distinguish Osler's nodes from Janeway lesions based purely on clinical presentation. Furthermore, the histology of both clinical signs can look similar. Further reports are needed before more firm conclusions can be drawn, however, it may be that the histological appearance of Osler's nodes and Janeway lesions is primarily determined by the nature of the causative organism, while the clinical appearance may be determined by anatomical site.
Atypical herpes simplex infection masquerading as recalcitrant pemphigus vulgaris
Authors: Kalajian Andrew H , Callen Jeffrey P 
Published: October 2007

SUMMARYA 57‐year‐old woman presented with refractory genital erosive disease. One year earlier she experienced gingival fragility; direct immunofluorescence resulted in the diagnosis of cicatricial pemphigoid, and prednisone therapy led to initial improvement. Initial skin biopsy of her genital erosions demonstrated full‐thickness ulceration with viral cytopathic change and a re‐epithelializing subepidermal separation. Indirect immunofluorescence revealed intercellular IgG staining on monkey oesophagus at a titre of 1:320 consistent with pemphigus, leading to the diagnoses of pemphigus vulgaris with herpetic superinfection. Immunosuppressive treatment initially led to improvement; however, disease subsequently recurred as extensive genital erosions. We diagnosed atypical herpes simplex virus infection and oral candidiasis, discontinued all immunosuppressive medications, and initiated antiviral and antifungal therapy. Dramatic resolution was observed and the patient has remained free of disease for 13 months while taking only prophylactic famciclovir.
Cutaneous Rosai‐Dorfman disease
Authors: Manifold R. , Reid C. , O'Brien V. , Sidhu S. , Ibbetson J. 
Published: October 2007

Rosai‐Dorfman disease (RDD), originally designated sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, typically presents in young adults with massive, painless cervical lymphadenopathy, fever, leucocytosis, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and hypogammaglobulinaemia.We present a case of cutaneous RDD with no evidence of lymph node involvement. The initial presentation of disease was in the pituitary gland and the nasal sinuses.Clinical examination revealed non‐specific skin coloured nodules involving the back and right side of the face. A skin biopsy, however, showed the typical histological and immunohistochemical features of RDD.Clincial photos and histopathology will be presented with a discussion of RDD, including cutaneous RDD.
Aberrant CD8 positive cutaneous T cell lymphomas
Authors: Tallon Ben 
Published: October 2007

2 cases of unusual CD8 positive cutaneous T cell Lymphoma are presented.A 46 year old woman presents with a five month history of crops of spontaneously resolving crusted papules. Histology shows a wedge shaped lymphocytic infiltrate with marked epidermotropism. The cells were CD30 negative, with CD3, and CD8 positivity. CD56 was strongly represented on cell markers. She has had her lesions controlled on low dose Methotrexate. This CD8 positive CD56 positive type B Lymphomatoid Papulosis followed an indolent clinical course consistent with previous reports.A 72 year old man presents with a 14month history of persistent erythroderma, palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, ectropion and peripheral oedema. Histology shows a lichenoid T cell infiltrate with epidermotropism, Pautrier microabscesses and the presence of cerebriform cells. Immunohistochemistry was positive for CD3 and CD8, with no CD5 drop out, while CD20, CD30 and CD56 were negative. Clinical behaviour and histology of this epidermotropic red man is most consistent with a CD8 positive mycosis fungoides.Aberrant immunohistochemistry can make cutaneous lymphoma classification difficult, but the clinical behaviour is predictive.
Linear focal elastosis
Authors: Brennand Sarah , Kalnins Renate 
Published: October 2007

Linear focal elastosis (also known as elastotic striae) is an acquired disorder of elastic tissue characterized by horizontal linear, yellow plaques. Burket et al1 originally described the condition in 1989 on the back of three elderly men. There have been 28 cases of linear focal elastosis reported, however it has been suggested that this is an underestimation of the real prevalence of the condition.We report a case of an 84‐year‐old man with asymptomatic horizontal linear yellow palpable bands on the lower back. A 3 mm punch biopsy was taken from the right lower back. Verhoeff van Gieson staining confirmed the presence of abundant elastin fibres lying between collagen bundles in the dermis, consistent with linear focal elastosis.Our review of the 28 reported cases in the literature has demonstrated that the majority of cases are reported to occur on the back, however it is also reported to occur on the lower limbs and less frequently on the chin, abdomen and upper limbs. Although it was originally reported to occur in elderly males, it has been described in patients of all ages and in both sexes, but has been reported less frequently in females. The aetiology is unknown, but trauma, UV light and genetic factors have been suggested. It has been postulated that it may be caused by excessive regenerative repair of elastic fibres or “keloidal repair” of striae distensae.
Full thickness squamous atypia of the glans penis on a background of Zoon's plasma cell balanitis
Authors: Starritt Emma , Chan Renee CF , Lee Stephen 
Published: October 2007

Erythroplasia of Queyrat (EQ) or squamous cell carcinoma in situ of the glans penis developed in a 79 year old uncircumsised gentleman who had a six year prior history of biopsy proven Zoon's plasma cell balanitis (ZB) affecting the same site on the glans. Prior to the development of clinically evident EQ, the glans had been treated with topical pimecrolimus 1% for one month. The glans was subsequently treated with topical 5‐flourouracil 5% for two weeks which resulted in clinical clearance.EQ is obviously an important differential for penile plaques because of the potential for progression to squamous cell carcinoma, while ZB is generally regarded as benign. The differentiation can only be reliably made histologically.There are other case reports of both EQ (1) and carcinoma of the penis (2) arising in patients with ZB, raising the question as to whether ZB may actually reflect a reaction to underlying pre‐existing pathology or even a premalignant state.The addition of topical pimecrolimus shortly before EQ became clinically evident in this patient is concerning in the light of recent concern regarding the carcinogenicity of topical calcineurin inhibitors (3).This case highlights the importance of close clinical follow up of persistent penile inflammatory lesions and prompt biopsy of clinically suspicious areas as second and potentially more serious pathology may occur concomitantly.
Sirolimus‐based triple immunosupression with antithymocyte globulin induction in expanded criteria donor kidney transplantation
Authors: USLU ADAM , NART AHMET , TAŞLI FUNDA ALKAN , POSTACI HAKAN , AYKAS AHMET , DOĞAN MURAT , ŞAHİN TAMER 
Published: October 2007

SUMMARY:Background:  Target of rapamycin inhibitors have presented similar graft and patient outcomes with no evidence of drug‐induced nephrotoxicity when compared with calcineurin inhibitors. The principal aim of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy of sirolimus‐based triple immunosuppression with antithymocyte globulin induction in expanded donor kidney transplantation.Methods:  Twenty‐seven primary expanded criteria donor kidney transplant recipients were recruited. The severity of kidney damage was qualified by zero‐hour biopsies. Protocol biopsies were performed at 1 year to assess the chronic allograft damage. Death, graft function, proteinuria and adverse events were systematically analysed during the study period.Results:  The mean follow up was 20.2 months. Patient and graft survival was 100% with a mean glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 53.1 ± 4.9 mL/min at last follow up. The cumulative incidence of acute rejection was 11% at the last follow up. At 1 year, mean creatinine, GFR and proteinuria were 1.84 mg/dL, 52.3 mL/min, 651.5 mg/day, respectively. Four patients required surgical intervention due to urinary complications and recovered successfully. Two patients developed acute graft dysfunction due to acute tubular necrosis which was presumably drug related. Ten patients developed relapsing urinary tract infections and three patients had pneumonia. No infectious death occurred throughout the study period. Baseline renal structure was preserved in 13 biopsies at 1 year post transplant. Five patients demonstrated progressive but mild tubular atrophy or interstitial fibrosis in their protocol biopsies. The mean chronic allograft damage index scores at baseline and at 1 year from biopsy were 2.57 ± 0.23 and 2.83 ± 0.23, respectively (P = 0.046).Conclusions:  Low‐dose sirolimus‐based triple immunosuppresion with antibody induction offered a safe clinical outcome in expanded criteria donor kidneys with the achievement of stable renal function and favourable recipient outcomes throughout the short term. However, mild progression of histological damage and increased risk of bacterial infection are a major concern. Additionally, the benefit (if any) of the low acute rejection rate on long‐term graft outcome is still undetermined.
The predictive value of p53 and p33ING1b in patients with Dukes'C colorectal cancer
Authors: Ahmed I. A. M. , Kelly S. B. , Anderson J. J. , Angus B. , Challen C. , Lunec J. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractObjective  Identification of biological markers that may predict response to chemotherapy would allow the individualization of treatment by enabling selection of patients most likely to benefit from chemotherapy. The aims of this study were to determine whether p53 mutation status and p53 and p33ING1b protein expression can predict which patients with Dukes’ C colorectal cancer following curative surgical resection respond to adjuvant chemotherapy with 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU).Method  Patients with Dukes'C colorectal cancer (n = 41) were studied. DNA was extracted and analysed for p53 mutation using PCR‐based direct DNA sequencing. Tumours were analysed for p53 protein expression by immunohistochemistry using DO‐7 monoclonal antibody and for p33ING1b protein expression using GN1 monoclonal antibody.Results  There was a significant association between p53 mutation status analysed by gene sequencing and overall and metastasis‐free survival (P = 0.03 and 0.004, respectively, log‐rank test). By contrast, no significant correlation was found between p53 and p33ING1b protein expression and overall or metastasis‐free survival.Conclusion  In patients with Dukes'C colorectal cancer who underwent curative surgical resection of the primary tumour, followed by 5‐FU‐based adjuvant chemotherapy, p53 mutation status as assessed by gene sequencing is a significant predictor of overall and metastasis‐free survival.