bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐density lipoprotein in diabetes: Structural and functional relevance
Authors: Lui David Tak Wai , Tan Kathryn Choon Beng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLow levels of high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (HDL‐C) is considered a major cardiovascular risk factor. However, recent studies have suggested a more U‐shaped association between HDL‐C and cardiovascular disease. It has been shown that the cardioprotective effect of HDL is related to the functions of HDL particles rather than their cholesterol content. HDL particles are highly heterogeneous and have multiple functions relevant to cardiometabolic conditions including cholesterol efflux capacity, anti‐oxidative, anti‐inflammatory, and vasoactive properties. There are quantitative and qualitative changes in HDL as well as functional abnormalities in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Non‐enzymatic glycation, carbamylation, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation can modify the HDL composition and therefore the functions, especially in situations of poor glycemic control. Studies of HDL proteomics and lipidomics have provided further insights into the structure–function relationship of HDL in diabetes. Interestingly, HDL also has a pleiotropic anti‐diabetic effect, improving glycemic control through improvement in insulin sensitivity and β‐cell function. Given the important role of HDL in cardiometabolic health, HDL‐based therapeutics are being developed to enhance HDL functions rather than to increase HDL‐C levels. Among these, recombinant HDL and small synthetic apolipoprotein A‐I mimetic peptides may hold promise for preventing and treating diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Kinetic and artificial neural network modeling of dried black beauty eggplant (Solanum melongenaL.) slices during rehydration
Authors: İnan‐Çınkır Nuray , Süfer Özge , Pandiselvam Ravi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper targeted to investigate rehydration characteristics of dehydrated black beauty eggplant (which was dried under sun, by hot air, microwave, and infrared) at 25, 50, and 75°C, and to analyze rehydration ratio (RR) by artificial neural network (ANN) approach. RRs of both microwave‐processed specimens (between 5.66 and 7.91) and sun‐dried ones (between 5.38 and 6.37) were always greater than the others, at all rehydration temperatures. Rehydration temperature had an enhancing effect on RRs, and the image that closely resembled the fresh sample was captured in the microwave‐dried rehydrated samples. Nearly 180–240 min was adequate for rehydration of all slices. Zeroth‐ and first‐order kinetic models, Peleg, Peppas, and two‐term exponential decay models, as well as a new rational model were tested to describe rehydration kinetics. Two‐term equation was almost superior with high R2 (between 0.9734 and 0.9994) and the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) and χ2. Novel recommended mathematical expression was also successful (R2: 0.9679–0.9989, χ2: 0.0051–0.0975, RMSE: 0.0191–0.0866). Regarding relationship between actual and predicted RRs and performance indices of ANN equation, overall R and R2 were recorded as follows: 0.9975–0.9950 (sun‐dried) > 0.99642–0.9929 (hot air‐dried) > 0.9955–0.9911 (infrared‐dried) > 0.9907–0.9815 (microwave‐dried), respectively. The proposed ANN model and novel mathematical formula not only offer a considerable potential in predicting rehydration patterns and developing rehydration protocols in food production sector, but also contribute to save energy by completely understanding the process and optimizing conditions.Practical applicationsThe eggplant is a cherished vegetable often dried, providing a velvety texture and rich taste in Anatolian recipes. In Anatolia, colorful vegetables are strung together on strings, adorning traditional houses, and serving as a testament to the region's deep‐rooted cultural heritage. The Turkic people in Central Asia demonstrated remarkable skill in preserving plants by carefully drying leaves, stems, or roots. The process of rehydration entails the addition of water to dehydrated eggplant slices in order to restore their initial dimensions and attributes for being consumed. This investigation integrates the utilization of ANNs to simulate the rehydration procedures of eggplant. This simulation can be employed for the purpose of quality control and standardization within the food sector. Hence, food manufacturers can anticipate the rehydration characteristics of their products across various production batches and conditions, thereby guaranteeing adherence to quality benchmarks.
Progressive stirred freeze concentration: Effect of operative parameters on vital statistics of beer
Authors: Osorio Manuel , Moreno Fabian Leonardo , Hernández Eduard , Ruiz Ruth Yolanda 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFreeze concentration (FC), a low‐cost alternative technology to separate and concentrate high‐value compounds, was applied to three distinct craft ale beer styles—Witbier, Bitter, and Porter—to investigate its impact on vital beer statistics. A central composite design with freezing temperature and ice fraction as factors was employed, with response surface analysis revealing significant effects on the average ice growth rate (), concentration index (CI), and average distribution coefficient () of ethanol, total solids, color, and bitterness in the liquid fraction. Results showed that ice fraction primarily influenced solute concentrations and increased with ice fraction due to water removal. Freezing temperature affected . The type of beer had a significant impact on color and bitterness, reflecting the specific style parameters. Furthermore, response optimization yielded conditions that significantly altered beer statistics, leading to changes in ethanol content, total solids, color, and bitterness, possibly classifying them as new beer styles. The study demonstrates the potential of FC to influence the beer characteristics and broaden the range of beer styles.Practical applicationsInnovations in science and technology, added to the search for new beer styles, promote the development of new products in the beer industry. In this article, a potential use of the freeze concentration technology was identified for the development of new concentrated beer products. The impact of progressive stirred freeze concentration in three craft beers was studied. First, obtaining a concentrated beer from this technique was possible, with a higher concentration of total solids and ethanol. In addition, the vital statistics of beer could be modified using freeze concentration to obtain novel concentrated beer products.
Allulose‐crystallized fruits: Effect of non‐thermal air‐drying and UV‐A light dehydration of osmotic solutions
Authors: Karami Sajad , Bastarrachea Luis J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to confirm the suitability of allulose to produce crystallized fruits under nonthermal conditions and the suitability of UV‐A light dehydration to concentrate the osmotic solutions. Mangoes and apples were subjected to osmotic drying with either sucrose or allulose, which was followed by an air‐drying step at room temperature to further concentrate the crystallized fruits. There was no significant difference in the dehydration kinetics parameters between the two sugars in each crystallized fruit. Color evaluations showed that allulose was able to better preserve the color of the original raw fruits in the final crystallized samples. Electron microscopy images suggested a more uniform diffusion of allulose as compared to sucrose for both fruits. Similarly, liquid chromatography and infrared spectroscopy analyses confirmed the successful absorption of both sugars into both fruits, with allulose having a final higher concentration in both mango and apple (51.7 ± 5.6% and 70.8 ± 7.7% w/w, respectively) as compared to sucrose (48.6 ± 2.9% and 58.3 ± 3.4% w/w, respectively). UV‐A light dehydration showed to be able to increase the recovery of the sugars from osmotic solutions better than in conditions without UV‐A light exposure. When only air flow was used, it was possible to remove 85.3 ± 4.6% and 78.6 ± 0.6% of the original moisture in the sucrose and allulose solutions, respectively. In contrast, under UV‐A light dehydration, the percentage of the original water removed from the sucrose and allulose solutions was 95.2 ± 1.8% and 83.1 ± 1.9%, respectively.Practical applicationsThere is an increasing trend toward producing foods that are healthier for the general population. The use of rare sugars like allulose offers a promising alternative to accomplishing this. In addition, it has become imperative to develop processes that are more sustainable. The use of air‐drying at room temperature can represent an effective approach to develop more sustainable food manufacturing processes. More specifically, the use of UV‐A light dehydration (which is a non‐thermal food dehydration technique) for the recovery of solutes or the concentration of osmotic solutions can also represent an effective aid in this type of processes.
The effect of incorporating domain knowledge with deep learning in identifying benign and malignant gastric whitish lesions: A retrospective study
Authors: Zeng Xiaoquan , Yang Lang , Dong Zehua , Gong Dexin , Li Yanxia , Deng Yunchao , Du Hongliu , Li Xun , Xu Youming , Luo Chaijie , Wang Junxiao , Tao Xiao , Zhang Chenxia , Zhu Yijie , Jiang Ruiqing , Yao Liwen , Wu Lianlian , Jin Peng , Yu Honggang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimEarly whitish gastric neoplasms can be easily misdiagnosed; differential diagnosis of gastric whitish lesions remains a challenge. We aim to build a deep learning (DL) model to diagnose whitish gastric neoplasms and explore the effect of adding domain knowledge in model construction.MethodsWe collected 4558 images from two institutions to train and test models. We first developed two sole DL models (1 and 2) using supervised and semi‐supervised algorithms. Then we selected diagnosis‐related features through literature research and developed feature‐extraction models to determine features including boundary, surface, roundness, depression, and location. Then predictions of the five feature‐extraction models and sole DL model were combined and inputted into seven machine‐learning (ML) based fitting‐diagnosis models. The optimal model was selected as ENDOANGEL‐WD (whitish‐diagnosis) and compared with endoscopists.ResultsSole DL 2 had higher sensitivity (83.12% vs 68.67%, Bonferroni adjusted P = 0.024) than sole DL 1. Adding domain knowledge, the decision tree performed best among the seven ML models, achieving higher specificity than DL 1 (84.38% vs 72.27%, Bonferroni adjusted P < 0.05) and higher accuracy than DL 2 (80.47%, Bonferroni adjusted P < 0.001) and was selected as ENDOANGEL‐WD. ENDOANGEL‐WD showed better accuracy compared with 10 endoscopists (75.70%, P < 0.001).ConclusionsWe developed a novel system ENDOANGEL‐WD combining domain knowledge and traditional DL to detect gastric whitish neoplasms. Adding domain knowledge improved the performance of traditional DL, which provided a novel solution for establishing diagnostic models for other rare diseases potentially.
Implementation of peer‐to‐peer oral care objective structured clinical examination‐based learning for nursing students
Authors: Haresaku Satoru , Miyoshi Maki , Muramatsu Masumi , Monji Mayumi , Aoki Hisae , Maeda Hitomi , Miyazono Mami , Obuse Mika , Nakashima Fuyuko , Uchida Souhei , Iino Hidechika , Akinaga Kazuyuki , Chishaki Akiko , Naito Toru 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimNurses' skills and confidence in providing oral care to patients play important roles in healthcare. Studies have proved that peer‐to‐peer learning and assessment can help improve nurses’ skills and confidence. However, no study has investigated it using an objective assessment checklist. This study investigated an oral hygiene practice training program for nursing students. It focused on their oral healthcare skills, confidence, and perspectives regarding implementing an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE).MethodsA pre‐ and post‐survey of 97 nursing students from a nursing school in Japan was conducted as a peer‐to‐peer oral health education training program that included an assessment and performance checklist.ResultsConfidence in performing and assessing oral care significantly improved after attending the program. Furthermore, the changes were significantly greater in the developed program than in the training program without the checklist. The mean total assessment scores (0–25) of the first, second, third, and fourth participants in the four‐student groups were 22.1, 23.4, 23.9, and 24.1, respectively. The mean scores of the second, third, and fourth participant groups were significantly higher than that of the first participant group (p < .01). Fifty‐two positive and 58 negative comments were received regarding the implementation of the program with professional assessments and the checklist. The most common positive comment mentioned that the evaluation by professionals improved oral care learning and skills.ConclusionsThis study developed a program to improve nursing students' confidence and oral care delivery skill building in an OSCE‐style delivery.
MicroRNA‐29b‐3p degenerates terminally differentiated dopaminergic SH‐SY5Y cells by perturbation of mitochondrial functions
Authors: Sarkar Sana , Pandey Anuj , Yadav Sanjeev Kumar , Raghuwanshi Pragati , Siddiqui Mohammed Haris , Srikrishna Saripella , Pant Aditya Bhushan , Yadav Sanjay 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction is the main cause of gradual deterioration of structure and function of neuronal cells, eventually resulting in neurodegeneration. Studies have revealed a complex interrelationship between neurotoxicant exposure, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neurodegenerative diseases. Alteration in the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) has also been linked with disruption in mitochondrial homeostasis and bioenergetics. In our recent research (Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology (2023) https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571‐023‐01362‐4), we have identified miR‐29b‐3p as one of the most significantly up‐regulated miRNAs in the blood of Parkinson's patients. The findings of the present study revealed that neurotoxicants of two different natures, that is, arsenic or rotenone, dramatically increased miR‐29b‐3p expression (18.63‐fold and 12.85‐fold, respectively) in differentiated dopaminergic SH‐SY5Y cells. This dysregulation of miR‐29b‐3p intricately modulated mitochondrial morphology, induced oxidative stress, and perturbed mitochondrial membrane potential, collectively contributing to the degeneration of dopaminergic cells. Additionally, using assays for mitochondrial bioenergetics in live and differentiated SH‐SY5Y cells, a reduction in oxygen consumption rate (OCR), maximal respiration, basal respiration, and non‐mitochondrial respiration was observed in cells transfected with mimics of miR‐29b‐3p. Inhibition of miR‐29b‐3p by transfecting inhibitor of miR‐29b‐3p prior to exposure to neurotoxicants significantly restored OCR and other respiration parameters. Furthermore, we observed that induction of miR‐29b‐3p activates neuronal apoptosis via sirtuin‐1(SIRT‐1)/YinYang‐1(YY‐1)/peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma coactivator‐1alpha (PGC‐1α)‐regulated Bcl‐2 interacting protein 3‐like‐dependent mechanism. Collectively, our studies have shown the role of miR‐29b‐3p in dysregulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics during degeneration of dopaminergic neurons via regulating SIRT‐1/YY‐1/PGC‐1α axis.image
The influence of physical activity, body mass index and urinary levels of prostaglandin (PGF2α) with the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea in adolescents
Authors: Jusuf Elizabet Catherine , Octaviani Dian , Husain Michael Grant , Jumrah  
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the effect of physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and levels of prostaglandins (PGF2α) urine on the occurrence of dysmenorrhea in adolescents.MethodsA total of 128 female students included in the study. The study was conducted from January to March 2023 using a cross‐sectional design. This study utilized the Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ) and gynecological examination with ultrasonography. The urinary prostaglandin (PGF2α) was measured using the enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed using the chi‐square test and logistic regression test.ResultsThe age range of the participants included in the study was 14–17, with a mean age of 15.85 ± 0.65. There was an correlation between physical activity, BMI, and urinary prostaglandin (PGF2α) levels with the incidence of dysmenorrhea in adolescents (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, it revealed that underweight, and had a high urinary prostaglandin significant correlated to primary dysmenorrhea with odds ratio 4.78 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.98–11.54) and 4.88 (95% CI 1.98–12.08), respectively. High physical activity and overweight was not associated with incidence of dysmenorrhea in adolescents.ConclusionThis study provides valuable insights into the correlation between physical activity, BMI, and levels of prostaglandins (PGF2α) in urine. A high level of urinary prostaglandin was found to be the most influential factor in the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea in adolescents. By addressing factors associated with dysmenorrhea in adolescents, healthcare professionals can potentially enhance well‐being by reducing menstrual pain and encouraging a healthy lifestyle to prevent dysmenorrhea.
Role of the mitophagy‐apoptosis axis in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroshi , Shigetomi Hiroshi , Matsubara Sho , Yoshimoto Chiharu , Imanaka Shogo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by menstrual irregularities, androgen excess, and polycystic ovarian morphology, but its pathogenesis remains largely unknown. This review focuses on how androgen excess influences the molecular basis of energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, and mitophagy in granulosa cells and oocytes, summarizes our current understanding of the pathogenesis of PCOS, and discuss perspectives on future research directions.MethodsA search of PubMed and Google Scholar databases were used to identify relevant studies for this narrative literature review.ResultsFemale offspring born of pregnant animals exposed to androgens recapitulates the PCOS phenotype. Abnormal mitochondrial morphology, altered expression of genes related to glycolysis, mitochondrial biogenesis, fission/fusion dynamics, and mitophagy have been identified in PCOS patients and androgenic animal models. Androgen excess causes uncoupling of the electron transport chain and depletion of the cellular adenosine 5′‐triphosphate pool, indicating further impairment of mitochondrial function. A shift toward mitochondrial fission restores mitochondrial quality control mechanisms. However, prolonged mitochondrial fission disrupts autophagy/mitophagy induction due to loss of compensatory reserve for mitochondrial biogenesis. Disruption of compensatory mechanisms that mediate the quality control switch from mitophagy to apoptosis may cause a disease phenotype. Furthermore, genetic predisposition, altered expression of genes related to glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, or a combination of these factors may also contribute to the development of PCOS.ConclusionIn conclusion, fetuses exposed to a hyperandrogenemic intrauterine environment may cause the PCOS phenotype possibly through disruption of the compensatory regulation of the mitophagy‐apoptosis axis.
A retrospective observational cohort study on the postoperative respiratory complications and their risk factors in brachycephalic dogs undergoing BOAS surgery: 199 cases (2019‐2021)
Authors: Filipas M. C. , Owen L. , Adami C. 
Published: February 2024

ObjectivesTo observe the occurrence of postanaesthetic respiratory complications and to determine their prevalence and risk factors in dogs undergoing brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome surgery.Materials and MethodsData from 199 clinical records were retrospectively analysed. Univariable logistic regression followed by multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associations between the dependent variables (set as the postoperative respiratory complications observed in the study dogs) and various independent covariates. The quality of model‐fit was assessed using the likelihood ratio test. P≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsFour postoperative respiratory complications were observed: hypoxaemia (n=10/199; 5%), dyspnoea requiring tracheal re‐intubation (n=13/199, 7%), dyspnoea requiring tracheostomy (n=10/199, 5%) and aspiration pneumonia (n=12/199, 6%). Univariable logistic regression showed an association between postoperative aspiration pneumonia and increasing body condition score and American Society of Anaesthesiology classification; however, when these covariates were evaluated in the multivariable model significance was not maintained. Risk factors for tracheostomy were preoperative and postoperative aspiration pneumonia (odds ratio: 9.52, 95% confidence interval: 1.56 to 57.93) and increasing brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome grade (odds ratio: 4.65, 95% confidence interval: 0.79 to 27.50).Clinical SignificanceHigh brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome grade and aspiration pneumonia, either developing peri‐operatively or as pre‐existing condition, may represent risk factors for postoperative tracheostomy. Preoperative diagnosis of aspiration pneumonia may further increase the risk of postoperative complications.
A pandemic of metrics
Authors: Adams Vincanne , Chandler Clare , Kelly Ann H. , Livingston Julie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic prompted critical attention to the performative power of metrics. We suggest that the existential capacities of metrics as a means of pandemic living warrant further consideration. We describe how the COVID‐19 pandemic that came into existence as a public health and political event could only have occurred because of the anticipatory metrical practices that were used to transform SARS‐COV‐2 into a matter of global health concern. By exploring the affective potencies of COVID‐19 metrics we show their abilities to engage the public in ways that cannot be contained; in detailing the narrative arcs created through metrics we show their opportunities, misdirections, and erasures. A pandemic way of life persists: a pandemic of metrics.