bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytometric assessment of DNA damage by exogenous and endogenous oxidants reports aging‐related processes
Authors: Zhao Hong , Tanaka Toshiki , Halicka H. Dorota , Traganos Frank , Zarebski Miroslaw , Dobrucki Jurek , Darzynkiewicz Zbigniew 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe ongoing DNA damage caused by reactive oxygen species generated during oxidative metabolism is considered a key factor contributing to cell aging as well as preconditioning cells to neoplastic transformation. We postulated before that a significant fraction of constitutive histone H2AX phosphorylation (CHP) and constitutive activation of ATM (CAA) seen in untreated normal and tumor cells occurs in response to such DNA damage. In the present study, we provide further evidence in support of this postulate. The level of ATM activation and H2AX phosphorylation, detected immunocytochemically, has been monitored in WI‐38, A549, and TK6 cells treated with H2O2 as well as growing under conditions known or suspected to affect the level of endogenous oxidants. Thirty‐ to 60‐min exposure of cells to 100 or 200 μM H2O2 led to an increase in the level of H2AX phosphorylation and ATM activation, particularly pronounced (nearly fivefold) in S‐phase cells. Cell growth for 24–48 h under hypoxic conditions (3% O2) distinctly lowered the level of CHP and CAA while it had minor effect on cell cycle progression. Treatment (4 h) with 0.1 or 0.3 mM 3‐bromopyruvate, an inhibitor of glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, reduced the level of CHP (up to fourfold) and also decreased the level of CAA. Growth of WI‐38 cells in 2% serum concentration for 48 h led to a 25 and 30% reduction in CHP and CHA, respectively, compared with cells growing in 10% serum. The antioxidant vitamin C (2 mM) reduced CHP and CAA by 20–30% after 24 h of treatment, while the COX‐2 inhibitor celecoxib (5 μM) had a minor effect on CHP and CAA, though it decreased the level of H2O2‐induced H2AX phosphorylation and ATM activation. In contrast, dichloroacetate known to shift metabolism from anaerobic to oxidative glycolysis through its effect on pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase enhanced the level of CHP and CAA. Our present data and earlier observations strongly support the postulate that a large fraction of CHP and CAA occurs in response to DNA damage caused by metabolically generated oxidants. Cytometric analysis of CHP and CAA provides the means to measure the effectiveness of exogenous factors, which either through lowering aerobic metabolism or neutralizing radicals may protect DNA from such damage. © 2007 International Society for Analytical Cytology
Shearing‐Like Distortion in Binuclear End‐to‐End CuII Azido Compounds: An Ab Initio Study of the Magnetic Interactions (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 28/2007)
Authors: Angels Carvajal Maria , Aronica Christophe , Luneau Dominique , Robert Vincent 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe cover picture shows the shearing‐like distortion, which was found to play a dominant role in the control of magnetic properties of CuII azido complexes. From ab initio calculations, it was demonstrated that the smaller the shearing amplitude, the larger the antiferromgnetic character. A practical route to enhance ferromagnetism is suggested in the light of this theoretical analysis. Details are discussed in the article by D. Luneau, V. Robert et al. on p. 4434 ff.
Trans fatty acids, conjugated linoleic acids, and cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Combe Nicole , Clouet Pierre , Chardigny Jean‐Michel , Lagarde Michel , Léger Claude Louis 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis review focuses on human data about the link between cardiovascular risk and dietary trans and conjugated fatty acids. Some complementary data from animals are presented. Concerning trans monoene isomers, since 1990 they were extensively studied. Intervention studies have shown that they increased LDL‐cholesterol just like saturated fatty acids (palmitic, myristic, lauric acids). A recent meta‐analysis of 60 intervention studies emphasized that, unlike palmitic acid, these trans monoenes increased the total‐to‐HDL‐cholesterol ratio; as a result these trans isomers could increase the cardiovascular risk more than lauric, myristic and palmitic acids. Data from four epidemiological cohort studies suggest that a 2% increase in energy of daily intake of trans fatty acids significantly increases the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Concerning conjugated linoleic acids (CLA), to date, there are no epidemiological data. Current knowledge is based on intervention studies in humans and animals and on in vitro studies. For the mixture of isomers (cis9, trans11 and trans10, cis12), clinical studies gave inconsistent results, and results on animal models differed from one species to another. For each isomer studied separately, their effects on the lipoprotein profile in humans were different. However, no dose effect was found whatever the isomer. Studies performed in healthy subjects and obese men presented convergent conclusions regarding the detrimental effects of trans10,cis12 CLA, but with rumenic acid (cis9, trans11 CLA) positive effects were observed in healthy subjects, not in obese subjects &bock;pls check!&bock;. Finally, results of studies lead to attribute a potential, general proatherogenic effect to trans10, cis12 CLA.
Genotoxicity studies on the removal of a direct textile dye by a fungal strain, in vivo, using micronucleus and RAPD‐PCR techniques on male rats
Authors: El‐Rahim Wafaa M. Abd , Khalil Wagdy K. B. , Eshak Mariam G. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe genotoxicity of the azo dye ‘Direct Violet’ and the removal of this dye by Aspergillus niger strain at different conditions have been investigated in male rats. Two genotoxicity techniques, namely bone marrow micronucleus assay and RAPD fingerprinting pattern, were used in this study for the direct dye and its removal by the fungal strain. Sixty male rats were divided into six treatment groups including a control group and other groups which were exposed for 2 or 8 weeks to Direct Violet dye, Direct Violet dye treated with A. niger at pH 2 or pH 9 or without agitation and acrylamide (30 mg/kg b.w.). A potent dose‐dependent response was observed following oral gavage of the dye up to 1000 mg kg−1, after which significant toxicity to the erythroid compartment was observed. Acrylamide and Direct Violet treatments increased the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPCEs) with respect to the controls. This increase was statistically significant in the two time intervals (2 and 8 weeks treatment, P < 0.0001). Fungi treatments at pH 2 and without agitation were able to reduce the number of MnPCEs induced by Direct Violet administration in all duration groups. Fungi treatment at pH 9 was only able to inhibit the genotoxicity of Direct Violet after 8 weeks treatment. The RAPD fingerprinting pattern indicated that most DNA of the samples treated with dye alone or acrylamide revealed polymorphic bands including the appearance and disappearance of the bands, which did not appear in the DNA samples of normal or fungi protected rats. The implications of these findings for the health and safety of occupationally exposed workers are discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization Based Post‐Synthesis Functionalization of Electron Beam Curing Derived Monolithic Media
Authors: Bandari Rajendar , Knolle Wolfgang , Prager‐Duschke Andrea , Buchmeiser Michael R. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractMonolithic materials were prepared via electron‐beam curing from ethyl methacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, and norborn‐5‐ene‐2‐ylmethyl acrylate. Reaction of the norborn‐2‐ene groups with either RuCl2(PCy3)2(CHPh) (1) or RuCl2(PCy3)(1,3‐dimesityl‐4,5‐dihydroimidazol‐2‐inylidene)(CHPh) (2) resulted in the surface attachment of the initiators. The extent of initiator immobilization was found to be substantially higher for 1 than for 2. Reaction of the surface immobilized initiators with various monomers resulted in the desired surface modification of EB‐derived monoliths. The amounts of grafted monomer were determined by elemental analysis and ICP‐OES.magnified image
LTA‐mediated synthesis and complete assignment of 1H and 13C NMR data of two natural 11‐nordrimanes: isonordrimenone and polygonone
Authors: Moreno‐Osorio Luis , Espinoza Luis , Cuellar Mauricio , Preite Marcelo 
Published: September 2007

AbstractTwo naturally occurring 11‐nordrimanes were synthesized, and their 1H and 13C NMR spectra were unambiguously assigned in full for the first time. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin in liquorice root with microwave‐assisted micellar extraction and pre‐concentration
Authors: Sun Chen , Xie Yuchun , Tian Qinglai , Liu Huizhou 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe feasibility of employing a non‐ionic surfactant (Triton X‐100) as an alternative and effective solvent for the microwave‐assisted extraction of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin from liquorice root has been demonstrated. When compared with commonly used solvents, 5% Triton X‐100 yielded higher extraction efficiency than aqueous solutions of ethanol or methanol. Under optimal conditions, i.e. 5% Triton X‐100 (v/v) and microwave‐assisted extraction for 3–5 min at 100°C, the percentage extraction of active ingredients reached the highest value. The pre‐concentration factor for the glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin was about 13, and the cloud‐point extraction recoveries for the two ingredients were 98.4 and 96.1%, respectively. The results showed that the coupling of microwave‐assisted extraction and cloud‐point extraction could be employed as a new and effective approach for the rapid extraction and pre‐concentration of pharmacologically active ingredients from liquorice root without disturbing the subsequent chromatographic analysis. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of double silylene‐bridged binuclear zirconium complexes and their use as catalysts for olefin polymerization
Authors: Xu Sheng , Jia Junji , Huang Jiling 
Published: September 2007

AbstractNew double silylene‐bridged binuclear zirconium complexes [(η5‐RC5H4)ZrCl2]2[μ,μ‐(SiMe2)2(η5‐C5H3)2] [R = H (1), Me (2), nPr (3), iPr (4), nBu (5), allyl (6), 3‐butenyl (7), benzyl (8), PhCH2CH2 (9), MeOCH2CH2 (10)] were synthesized by the reaction of (η5‐RC5H4)ZrCl3·DME with [μ,μ‐(SiMe2)2(η5‐C5H3)2]2− (L2−) in THF, and they were all well characterized by 1H NMR, MS, IR, and EA. The binuclear structure of Complex 3 was further confirmed by X‐ray diffraction, where the two zirconium centers are located trans relative to the bridging [μ,μ‐(SiMe2)2(η5‐C5H3)2] moiety. When activated with methylaluminoxane (MAO), this series of zirconium complexes are highly active catalysts for the polymerization of ethylene even under very low molar ratio of Al/Zr (Complex 7, 5.41 × 105 g‐PE/mol‐Zr·h, Al/Zr = 50) and linear polyethylenes (PEs) with broad molecular weight distribution (MWD, Mw/Mn = 7.31–27.6) was obtained. The copolymerization experiments indicate that these complexes are also very efficient in the incorporation of 1‐hexene into the growing PE chain in the presence of MAO (Complex 6, 3.59 × 106 g‐PE/mol‐Zr·h; 1‐hexene content, 3.65%). © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 4901–4913, 2007
Nitroxide‐mediated radical polymerization in miniemulsion: Bimolecular termination in monomer‐free model systems
Authors: Alam Md. Nur , Zetterlund Per B. , Okubo Masayoshi 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBimolecular termination in nitroxide‐mediated radical polymerization in miniemulsion has been investigated through the heating of a polystyrene–2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidinyl‐1‐oxy macroinitiator and its 4‐hydroxy‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidinyl‐1‐oxy analogue in an aqueous toluene dispersion with sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate as a surfactant at 125 °C. The level of bimolecular termination by combination, evaluated from the high‐molecular‐weight shoulder, was higher in miniemulsion than in solution and increased with decreasing particle size. Quantitative analysis revealed that these results cannot be rationalized solely by nitroxide partitioning to the aqueous phase. The results are explained by an interface effect, by which nitroxide is adsorbed or located at the aqueous–organic interface. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 4995–5004, 2007
Home treatment with enzyme replacement therapy for mucopolysaccharidosis type I is feasible and safe
Authors: Cox‐Brinkman J. , Timmermans R. G. M. , Wijburg F. A. , Donker W. E. , van de Ploeg A. T. , Aerts J. M. F. G. , Hollak C. E. M. 
Published: September 2007

SummaryObjective:Intravenous enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with recombinant α‐l‐iduronidase may ameliorate the non‐neurological symptoms in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I). Since home‐based ERT for Gaucher and Fabry diseases has been reported to be safe and successful, we investigated the feasibility and safety of home therapy in patients with MPS I.Setting:This two‐centre study included 17 ERT‐treated MPS I patients between 1 and 35 years of age. A patient was allowed to transfer to home treatment after a minimum period of 6 months of in‐hospital administration of ERT and after a self‐ or home nurse‐supported home setting was arranged.Results:Thirteen out of 17 patients transferred to home treatment with a median time to transfer of 13 months (range 7–40 months). Two patients preferred to continue ERT in the hospital, whereas for two other patients the transfer to home was hampered for practical reasons. All patients who received ERT at home were assisted by either a relative or a nurse. In total over 1000 home infusions were performed and no serious complications were observed. Two infusion‐associated reactions were observed, both within the first 3 months of in‐hospital administration of ERT. All patients except one developed antibodies against the recombinant enzyme, but this was not associated with the development of hypersensitivity reactions.Conclusion:ERT for MPS I applied at home is safe and might alleviate the burden of life‐long intravenous treatment in these patients.
Does invasion involve alternation of germination requirements? A comparative study between native and introduced strains of an annual Brassicaceae, Cardamine hirsuta
Authors: Kudoh Hiroshi , Nakayama Mariko , Lihová Judita , Marhold Karol 
Published: September 2007

AbstractCardamine hirsuta is a European annual weed that has been naturalized in Japan. Although the species is a widespread weed in Europe, its introduction to the Japanese Islands occurred recently. We hypothesized that the introduction of Cardamine hirsuta required adaptation that has delayed its spread in Japan. The aim of this study is to determine whether there is a difference in temperature requirements for seed germination between Japanese and European strains of Cardamine hirsuta. We compared temperature requirements for seed germination, because it is known to be a critical determinant of phenology and thus is expected to be important in the success of introduction into different climates. Seeds of six and five strains from Japan and Europe, respectively, were used in seed germination experiments under five different temperature regimes. Japanese strains generally showed stronger initial seed dormancy and were characterized by suppressed germination in higher temperature regimes. European strains showed variable patterns of temperature‐dependent seed germination. It turned out that these temperature‐dependent dormancies are mediated by abscisic acid (ABA), because dormant seeds germinated under the presence of an inhibitor of ABA synthesis. Seed germination characteristics shared by Japanese strains presumably enhance long transport and autumn germination, while these characteristics are not necessarily common among European strains. The results are supportive for the idea that adaptation has altered germination characteristics of Cardamine hirsuta through the introduction process into Japan.
Oxygenation of 1‐Docosahexaenoyl Lysophosphatidylcholine by Lipoxygenases; Conjugated Hydroperoxydiene and Dihydroxytriene Derivatives
Authors: Huang Long Shuang , Kim Mee Ree , Sok Dai‐Eun 
Published: September 2007

AbstractOxygenation of 1‐docosahexaenoyl lysophosphatidylcholine (docosahexaenoyl‐lysoPC) by soybean lipoxygenase‐1 (LOX‐1) or porcine leukocyte LOX was examined. The oxidized products were identified to be hydroperoxydocosahexaenoyl‐lysoPC by UV and LC/MS spectrometric analyses. In SP‐HPLC and chiral phase‐HPLC analyses, the products from the oxygenation of docosahexaenoyl‐lysoPC by soybean LOX‐1 and porcine leukocyte LOX were found to contain hydroperoxide group mainly at C‐17 and C‐14, respectively with the S form as a major enantiomer. Next, the sequential exposure of docosahexaenoyl‐lysoPC to soybean LOX‐1 and porcine leukocyte LOX led to the formation of conjugated triene derivatives possessing a maximal absorption at 271 nm with shoulders at 262 and 281 nm. Based on MS‐MS analysis, the conjugated triene derivatives were identified to be 10,17‐ or 16,17‐dihydroxydocosahexaenoyl‐lysoPC analogues, suggesting that the diols were produced mainly from hydrolysis of 16,17(S)‐epoxide intermediate. In kinetic studies, docosahexaenoyl‐lysoPC was more favorable than docosahexaenoic acid as substrate for soybean LOX‐1 or leukocyte LOX. Taken together, it is proposed that docosahexaenoyl‐lysoPC can be oxygenated as substrates for some lipoxygenases to form conjugated diene and/or triene derivatives.
Occurrence and spread of multiresistantSalmonellaTyphimurium DT104 in Danish animal herds investigated by the use of DNA typing and spatio-temporal analysis
Authors: SKOV M. N. , ANDERSEN J. S. , BAGGESEN D. L. 
Published: September 2007

SUMMARYIn the investigation we report the occurrence and spread of multiresistantSalmonellaTyphimurium phage type (DT) 104 in 174 known Danish animal herds infected between 1996 and 2003. We applied PFGE, plasmid analysis and spatio-temporal analysis for a description of the development and spread of infection among herds. The results showed that in Denmark DT104 are mainly spread by trade of animals; however, horizontal spread of DT104 is also important and the risk of an animal herd becoming infected increased with the proximity in time and space to a DT104-infected herd. Based on these results, it is recommended that specific actions are taken to limit the risk of horizontal spread of DT104 from newly infected herds.
Innovating for Success – the Future of Law Librarianship
Authors: Lamond Sue 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWithin UK law firms, marketing or business development departments have traditionally been responsible for the provision of business information. Sue Lamond, from Addleshaw Goddard, explains how her firm differs in that the Information Services department is responsible for this provision. The department compiles company and sector profiles and analyses, and is directly involved in the pitch process for new work from clients, supporting client partners' information and development needs.
America's Joan of Arc
Authors: Gallman J. Matthew 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
One of the most celebrated women of her time, Anna Elizabeth Dickinson was a charismatic orator, writer, and actress, who rose to fame during the Civil War and remained in the public eye for the next three decades. This book offers a full-length biography of Dickinson. The book describes how Dickinson's passionate patriotism and fiery style, coupled with her abolitionism and biting critiques of anti-war Democrats struck a nerve with her audiences. In barely two years, she rose from being an unknown young Philadelphia radical, to becoming a successful New England stump speaker and eventually a national celebrity. At the height of her fame, Dickinson counted many of the nation's leading reformers, authors, politicians, and actors among her friends. Among the famous figures who populate this book are Susan B. Anthony, Whitelaw Reid, William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Harriet Beecher Stowe. The book explores Dickinson's public triumphs but also discloses how, as her public career waned, she battled with her managers, critics, audiences, and family. The book demonstrates how Dickinson's life illustrates the possibilities and barriers faced by 19th-century women, revealing how their behavior could at once be seen as worthy, highly valued, shocking, and deviant.
Cold Peace
Authors: Gorlizki Yoram , Khlevniuk Oleg V. 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
In the period from the end of World War II until his death, Stalin became an increasingly distrustful despot. He habitually picked on and humiliated members of his inner circle, had them guarded around the clock, had their correspondence decoded by secret police, bugged the lines of even his most senior deputies, and even drove several to the point of publicly betraying their spouses in order to prove their allegiance. This book argues that Stalin's behavior was not entirely paranoid and erratic but followed a clear political logic. This book contends that his system of leadership was at once both modern — Stalin vested authority in committees, elevated younger specialists, and made key institutional innovations — and patrimonial-repressive, informal, and based on personal loyalty. Always, Stalin's goal was to make the USSR a global power and, though the country teetered on the edge of violence during this period of acute domestic and international pressure, he succeeded in achieving superpower status and in holding on to power despite his old age and ill health.
Camera Works
Authors: North Michael 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This book discusses the impact of mechanical recording on modern art and literature. Recording media, including photography and film, seemed to offer entirely new means of representation, neither linguistic nor pictorial, with both the usefulness of writing and the immediacy of sight. In particular, this book traces some of the more utopian projects to arise from this hope, including the Readie machine of Bob Brown, which was to turn stories and poems into strips of linguistic film. The influence of photography and film on the transatlantic avant garde is traced through three stages, from the early days of Camera Work, through the enthusiasm of Eugene Jolas and the contributors to his magazine transition, to the crisis created by the introduction of sound in the late 1920s, experienced with particular bitterness by the editors of the early film magazine, Close Up. Subsequent chapters describe the entirely new kind of sensory enjoyment brought into modern American fiction by the new media. What Fitzgerald calls spectroscopic gayety — the enjoyable disorientation of the senses by machine perception — turns out to be a powerful force in much American fiction, even that commonly celebrated for its hard-nosed realism. The revolutionary possibilities of this new spectatorship and its inevitable limitations are pursued through a number of examples, including Dos Passos, James Weldon Johnson, and Hemingway.