bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peirce on Truth
Authors: Howat Andrew 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides a brief introduction to Peirce’s conception of truth. It includes a guide to the most relevant primary sources; brief summaries of three recent, influential interpretations of those sources; and discussion of several ongoing controversies regarding these interpretations and common objections to Peirce’s view. It suggests that the best interpretations and defenses of Peirce’s view tend to carry commitments to other substantive and controversial views. This makes it difficult to defend Peirce’s view without first addressing broader issues of meaning (e.g., debate over representationalism, as discussed by Huw Price, for example) and/or metaphysics (e.g., Peirce’s “scholastic realism” as discussed by Robert Lane).
Powdery Scab of Potato: A Diagnostic Guide
Authors: Balendres Mark Angelo , Woodhall James , Whitworth Jonathan L. , Cumagun Christian Joseph R. 
Published: February 2024

Powdery scab, caused by Spongospora subterranea, is a soil- and tuber-borne disease of potato. The fungus-like protozoan pathogen can be found around the world and in almost every large potato-producing state across the United States. Initial signs of infection in the eyes and lenticels of tubers are slightly sunken, purple-brown lesions. When a tuber lesion reaches maturity, the periderm bursts, releasing masses of tiny, powdery balls. The objective of this diagnostic guide is to provide detailed information on the isolation, sampling, pathogenicity testing, and detection of the pathogen in the soil and tubers using classical and molecular techniques to facilitate the identification of the disease in the laboratory and field.
Application of Biotechniques for In Vitro Virus and Viroid Elimination in Pome Fruit Crops
Authors: Bettoni Jean Carlos , Wang Min-Rui , Li Jing-Wei , Fan Xudong , Fazio Gennaro , Hurtado-Gonzales Oscar P. , Volk Gayle M. , Wang Qiao-Chun 
Published: February 2024

Sustainable production of pome fruit crops is dependent upon having virus-free planting materials. The production and distribution of plants derived from virus- and viroid-negative sources is necessary not only to control pome fruit viral diseases but also for sustainable breeding activities, as well as the safe movement of plant materials across borders. With variable success rates, different in vitro-based techniques, including shoot tip culture, micrografting, thermotherapy, chemotherapy, and shoot tip cryotherapy, have been employed to eliminate viruses from pome fruits. Higher pathogen eradication efficiencies have been achieved by combining two or more of these techniques. An accurate diagnosis that confirms complete viral elimination is crucial for developing effective management strategies. In recent years, considerable efforts have resulted in new reliable and efficient virus detection methods. This comprehensive review documents the development and recent advances in biotechnological methods that produce healthy pome fruit plants. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
ROCK1 deficiency preserves caveolar compartmentalization of signaling molecules and cell membrane integrity
Authors: Shi Jianjian , Wei Lei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the roles of ROCK1 in regulating structural and functional features of caveolae located at the cell membrane of cardiomyocytes, adipocytes, and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) as well as related physiopathological effects. Caveolae are small bulb‐shaped cell membrane invaginations, and their roles have been associated with disease conditions. One of the unique features of caveolae is that they are physically linked to the actin cytoskeleton that is well known to be regulated by RhoA/ROCKs pathway. In cardiomyocytes, we observed that ROCK1 deficiency is coincident with an increased caveolar density, clusters, and caveolar proteins including caveolin‐1 and ‐3. In the mouse cardiomyopathy model with transgenic overexpressing Gαq in myocardium, we demonstrated the reduced caveolar density at cell membrane and reduced caveolar protein contents. Interestingly, coexisting ROCK1 deficiency in cardiomyocytes can rescue these defects and preserve caveolar compartmentalization of β‐adrenergic signaling molecules including β1‐adrenergic receptor and type V/VI adenylyl cyclase. In cardiomyocytes and adipocytes, we detected that ROCK1 deficiency increased insulin signaling with increased insulin receptor activation in caveolae. In MEFs, we identified that ROCK1 deficiency increased caveolar and total levels of caveolin‐1 and cell membrane repair ability after mechanical or chemical disruptions. Together, these results demonstrate that ROCK1 can regulate caveolae plasticity and multiple functions including compartmentalization of signaling molecules and cell membrane repair following membrane disruption by mechanical force and oxidative damage. These findings provide possible molecular insights into the beneficial effects of ROCK1 deletion/inhibition in cardiomyocytes, adipocytes, and MEFs under certain diseased conditions.
Mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species production during human sperm capacitation: Unraveling key players
Authors: Irigoyen Pilar , Mansilla Santiago , Castro Laura , Cassina Adriana , Sapiro Rossana 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSperm capacitation is a critical process for male fertility. It involves a series of biochemical and physiological changes that occur in the female reproductive tract, rendering the sperm competent for successful fertilization. The precise mechanisms and, specifically, the role of mitochondria, in sperm capacitation remain incompletely understood. Previously, we revealed that in mouse sperm mitochondrial activity (e.g., oxygen consumption, membrane potential, ATP/ADP exchange, and mitochondrial Ca2+) increases during capacitation. Herein, we studied mitochondrial function by high‐resolution respirometry (HRR) and reactive oxygen species production in capacitated (CAP) and non‐capacitated (NC) human spermatozoa. We found that in capacitated sperm from normozoospermic donors, the respiratory control ratio increased by 36%, accompanied by a double oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in the presence of antimycin A. Extracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) detection was three times higher in CAP than in NC sperm cells. To confirm that H2O2 production depends on mitochondrial superoxide () formation, we evaluated mitochondrial aconitase (ACO2) amount, activity, and role in the metabolic flux from the sperm tricarboxylic acid cycle. We estimated that CAP cells produce, on average by individual, (59 ± 22)% more in the steady‐state compared to NC cells. Finally, we analyzed two targets of oxidative stress: lipid peroxidation by western blot against 4‐hydroxynonenal and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity by HRR. We did not observe modifications in lipoperoxidation nor the activity of SDH, suggesting that during capacitation, the increase in mitochondrial H2O2 production does not damage sperm and it is necessary for the normal CAP process.
The Future of Disparities Research in Obstetric Anesthesia
Authors: McCullough D. 
Published: February 2024

(Can J Anaesth. 2023;70(6):936–941)
In recent years, the stark racial disparities in maternal mortality have captured headlines, causing deep concern, particularly within minority communities. Black patients face a significantly higher risk of peripartum death compared with their White counterparts. As a Black female obstetric anesthesiologist practicing at a prominent academic center, the author has engaged in numerous conversations with Black patients who are fearful of these troubling statistics. The study conducted by Lee and colleagues, focusing on racial and ethnic disparities in obstetric anesthesia, is a significant step toward empowering clinicians with the knowledge needed to address this issue.
Management of Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia in Pregnancy
Authors: Bussel J.B. , Hou M. , Cines D.B. 
Published: February 2024

(N Engl J Med. 2023;389:540–548)
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by immunoglobulin G antiplatelet antibodies that lead to reduced platelet production and increased platelet clearance. It affects 1 in 3 people per 10,000 in the United States. ITP is more common in women of childbearing age, and during pregnancy, platelet counts may decrease, requiring special medical attention. Immunoglobulin G antiplatelet antibodies can also affect the fetus. The clinical variability of ITP complicates diagnosis and treatment, and uncertainty remains for many aspects of management. This article focuses on recent research on the risk assessment and management of primary ITP.
Perioperative Considerations in Management of the Severely Bleeding Coagulopathic Patient
Authors: Erdoes G. , Faraoni D. , Koster A. , Steiner M.E. , Ghadimi K. , Levy J.H. 
Published: February 2024

(Anesthesiology. 2023; 138:535–560)
This clinical review explored coagulopathy in severely bleeding patients after major surgery (eg, cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass or CPB), serious trauma, and postpartum hemorrhage. There are a multitude of surgical and nonsurgical factors, or a mix of both, that can cause perioperative bleeding in patients. This includes fibrinolysis, metabolic acidosis, platelet impairment, thrombocytopenia, coagulation factor deficiency, activation of inflammatory pathways, hemodilution, hypothermia, and hypovolemia. Bleeding patients can often have previous hemostatic issues because of oral anticoagulants or antiplatelet therapy.
Risk Factors and Pregnancy Outcomes After SARS-CoV-2 in Pregnancy According to Disease Severity: A Nationwide Cohort Study With Validation of the SARS-CoV-2 Diagnosis
Authors: Aabakke A.J.M. , Petersen T.G. , Wøjdemann K. , Ibsen M.H. , Jonsdottir F. , Rønneberg E. , Andersen C.S. , Hammer A. , Clausen T.D. , Milbak J. , Burmester L. , Zethner R. , Lindved B. , Thorsen-Meyer A. , Khalil M.R. , Henriksen B. , Jønsson L. , Andersen L.L.T. , Karlsen K.K. , Pedersen M.L. , Hedermann G. , Vestgaard M. , Thisted D. , Fallesen A.N. , Johansson J.N. , Møller D.C. , Dubietyte G. , Andersson C.B. , Farlie R. , Skaarup Knudsen A.K. , Hansen L. , Hvidman L. , Sørensen A.N. , Rathcke S.L. , Rubin K.H. , Petersen L.K. , Jørgensen J.S. , Krebs L. , Bliddal M. 
Published: February 2024

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2023;102:282–293)
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been shown to increase a patient’s risk of preterm labor, pre-eclampsia, the need for cesarean delivery, and stillbirth. This study aimed to analyze and better understand the risk factors and complications that relate to SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy and delivery.
Combined Uterorelaxant Effect of Magnesium Sulfate and Terbutaline: Studies on Late Pregnant Rat Uteri In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Barna T. , Szucs K.F. , Schaffer A. , Mirdamadi M. , Hajagos-Toth J. , Gaspar R. 
Published: February 2024

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2023;102:457–464)
Preterm birth is a common and impactful complication of pregnancy and is defined as the delivery of a fetus between 20 and 37 weeks of gestation. It can lead to further complications and even developmental problems for the child that can be long term. Standard treatment for symptoms of preterm labor involves tocolytic drugs to stop contractions and delay delivery long enough for interventions to occur, minimizing effects on the infant. Although many different drugs are used, the efficacy and side effects of many are not well characterized or understood. This study was designed to assess the effectiveness and side effects of a combination of drugs: β2-agonist terbutaline and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4). This was done by examining the combined administration of the drugs in an isolated organ bath and performing in vivo smooth muscle electromyographic studies in pregnant rats.
The Acceptability of Implementing Patient-Reported Measures in Routine Maternity Care: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chen A. , Vayrynen K. , Leskela R.L. , Torkki P. , Heinonen S. , Tekay A. , Acharya G. 
Published: February 2024

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand AOGS. 2023; 102: 406–419)
Patient-reported measures (PRMs) can be an important tool in assessing and capturing a patient’s perspective care in maternal medicine. By using PRMs, health care providers can measure the overall health and well-being of patients while they receive obstetric treatment, allowing more patient-centered care.
Association Between High Levels of Comorbid Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms and Decreased Likelihood of Birth Without Intervention: A Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hulsbosch L.P. , Boekhorst M.G.B.M. , Lodder P. , Potharst E.S. , Nyklíček I. , Bergink V. , Oei S.G. , Verhoeven C.J.M. , Pop V.J.M. 
Published: February 2024

(BJOG. 2023;130(5):495–505)
Many factors contribute to postpartum mental health difficulties. Positive experiences during childbirth are associated with better postpartum mental health outcomes. It is unknown, however, how comorbid symptoms of anxiety and depression affect birth experiences or how poor mental health before delivery affects birth experiences. The aim of this study was to assess whether symptom trajectories of comorbid anxiety and depression were negatively associated with unassisted vaginal delivery.
Undergraduate Anesthesia Skills for a Global Surgery Agenda: Students’ Self-Reported Competence
Authors: Spijkerman S. , Manning D.M. , Green-Thompson L.P. 
Published: February 2024

(Anesth Analg. 2023. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000006375)
To address the lack of clear guidelines for undergraduate anesthesia training, this study assessed the self-perceived competence of medical students in South Africa. Maternal mortality is a concern, with a significant portion of deaths attributed to anesthesia. The country faces a shortage of specialist anesthesiologists, putting the responsibility on nonspecialist medical officers, including newly qualified community service officers. The study investigates the readiness of medical students to provide anesthesia services, with varying exposure to training during internships. The findings aim to support South Africa’s health needs and may guide the goals of global surgery in other developing nations.
Global Issues in Obstetric Anesthesia: Perspectives From South Africa, Japan, China, Latin America, and North America
Authors: Bishop D.G. , Fernandes N.L. , Dyer R.A. , Sumikura H. , Okada H. , Suga Y. , Shen F. , Xu Z. , Liu Z. , Vasco M. , George R.B. , Guasch E. 
Published: February 2024

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2023:54:103648)
Anesthesia provision varies worldwide, and obstetric anesthesia in particular is highly variable. The first country discussed in this article is South Africa, which is classified as a low-income to middle-income country. South Africa has high patient mortality related to cesarean delivery. The epidural rates for labor in South Africa are <5%, which is considered extremely low. Approximately one-third of maternal deaths investigated occurred following the administration of spinal anesthesia. In South Africa, it is 3 times more likely for maternal mortality to occur following cesarean delivery than vaginal birth. The mortality rates following a cesarean delivery in South Africa are also 50 times higher than in other regions of the world. Training has been implemented to reduce these statistics, although the level of preparedness following this training has been questioned.
Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Remifentanil in Term Breech Pregnancies Undergoing External Cephalic Version
Authors: Lomas S. , Minton Z. , Daniels J.P. 
Published: February 2024

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2023:54:103649)
Approximately 3% to 4% of pregnancies involve a fetus in the breech position. External cephalic version (ECV) is supported and recommended to reduce the cesarean delivery rate. Neuraxial analgesia for ECV can improve the success rate; however, there are associated risks with the use of neuraxial analgesia in these cases. Remifentanil has recently been proposed as an alternative to neuraxial analgesia for ECV. This study aimed to assess and analyze the use of remifentanil in cases where ECV is necessary, as well as compare it to outcomes in ECV with other forms of analgesia.
Rates and Clinical Implications of Transplacental Transfer of Neuraxial Fentanyl to Neonate
Authors: Mark K. , LeBeau O. 
Published: February 2024

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2023;228(4):478–479)
Epidural analgesia is widely used and accepted as a safe and effective method for pain management during labor and delivery. Though there is substantial research supporting this, there is also concern that some drugs can cross the placenta into the fetal blood stream. The main concern is the transmission of opioids across the placenta to the fetus during labor and before birth, thereby resulting in residual effects after birth. This study aimed to examine the frequency with which newborns test positive for fentanyl in their urine after the use of epidural analgesia, as well as assess factors that increase the likelihood of a positive test and the association between fentanyl positivity and clinical outcomes for the newborn.
The Use of Processed Electroencephalography (pEEG) in Obstetric Anesthesia: A Narrative Review
Authors: Corner H. , Barley M. , Metodiev Y. 
Published: February 2024

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2023:54:103650)
Accidental awareness while one is under general anesthesia is a large concern that can lead to long-term psychological side effects. One in 670 patients undergoing general anesthesia for cesarean delivery will experience accidental awareness. This is related to inaccurate anesthesia dosages due to pregnancy-related factors. Neuraxial analgesia during cesarean delivery is often considered the best way to avoid accidental awareness; however, this is not always possible. This review aimed to assess and analyze the use of processed electroencephalography (pEEG) during cesarean delivery.
Effect of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant in Quadratus Lumborum Block in Patient Undergoing Caesarean Section: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Singh N. , Anandan V. , Ahmad S.R. 
Published: February 2024

(J Clin Anesth. 2022:81:110892)
Pain must be managed properly in surgical patients, especially those undergoing cesarean delivery (CD). Regional nerve blocks are used to relieve pain in postoperative patients as a part of multimodal analgesia. Ultrasound-guided blocks employed for abdominal surgeries include the transverse abdominis plane block and the quadratus lumborum (QL) block.
Whose Line Is It Anyway? Undergraduate Nursing Simulation for Breaking Bad News
Authors: Wiles Lynn L. , Mahoney Ingrid , Hutton Sarah 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBreaking bad news regarding health care traditionally falls within the scope of practice of the provider. However, now that lab and diagnostic results are uploaded directly to smart devices, patients often receive results before they can be explained. The nurse or nursing student may be the first person the patient sees after reading results and the first to respond to patient questions about bad news. This article describes a simulation where senior baccalaureate students utilize the SPIKES protocol to become better prepared to field questions and break bad news should they find themselves in this situation.
Redefining Wound Healing Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Andersen Charles , Reiter Homer-Christian J. , Marmolejo Valerie L. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
No standard definition for a completely healed wound currently exists; it is recommended that providers use a reliable wound assessment tool to determine healing. The objective of this feasibility study was to determine if a point-of-care, noncontact, near-infrared (NIR) imaging device could provide an objective measure of wound resolution and guide clinical decision-making for the optimal time to transition from protective wound dressings and gradual return to full activity.

METHODS
In this single-center feasibility study, adult patients 18 years and older with a lower extremity wound of any size and etiology were seen weekly for wound assessment and standard-of-care treatment. The researchers performed serial imaging with a point-of-care, noncontact, NIR imaging device (SnapshotNIR; Kent Imaging Inc) to assess the wound and surrounding skin and evaluated the difference in time to 100% reepithelialization on visual inspection and homogeneous tissue oxygen saturation levels at the wound site and surrounding closed skin envelope.

RESULTS
An average time difference of 13.5 ± 10 days (median, 12 days; range, 0–35 days) was observed between 100% reepithelialization on visual wound inspection and imaging assessment. Further, NIR imaging could determine when a patient was at risk for recurrent wound breakdown.

CONCLUSIONS
The addition of point-of-care, noncontact, NIR imaging may help guide clinical decision-making for the optimal time to transition from protective wound dressings with gradual return to full activity and minimize wound recurrence.
Primary Pelvic Anteversion
Authors: Baroncini Alice , Boissiere Louis , Yilgor Caglar , Larrieu Daniel , Alanay Ahmet , Pellisé Ferran , Kleinstueck Frank , Pizones Javier , Charles Yann Philippe , Roscop Cecile , Bourghli Anouar , Obeid Ibrahim ,   On behalf of the European Spine Study Group (ESSG)
Published: February 2024

Study Design.
Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data.

Objective.
To identify the best definition of primary anteverted pelvis in the setting of adult spine deformity (ASD), and to investigate whether this is a pathologic setting that requires surgical correction.

Summary of Background Data.
While pelvic retroversion has been thoroughly investigated, pelvic anteversion (AP) is a far lesser discussed topic. Four different AP definitions have been proposed, and AP has been described as a normal or pathologic entity by different authors.

Methods.
All patients consulting for ASD at the five participating sites were included. Firstly, the four definitions of AP were compared with descriptive statistics (anatomic method – Pelvic Tilt <0°; Relative Pelvic Version method - RPV >5°; Roussouly method - Pelvic Incidence (PI)<50° and Sacral Slope (SS)>35°); low PT method - PT/PI <25th percentile). Secondly a subgroup analysis among operated AP patients with a two-year follow-up was performed. Complication rate, radiographic parameters and clinical scores (ODI, SF-36) were compared in a multivariate analysis between patients who did and did not maintain an AP at the 2-year follow-up.

Results.
1163 patients were available for the first analysis. The RPV method appeared to be the most appropriate to define AP in ASD patient. For the second analysis, data on 410 subjects were available, and most of them were young adults with idiopathic scoliosis that did not require pelvic fixation. AP patients who maintained an AP after ASD surgery presented comparable radiographic and clinical outcomes to the patients who presented a normo/retroverted pelvis after surgery.

Conclusions.
According to the results of the presented study, the RPV method is the most appropriate to define primary AP, which is not a pathologic condition and is most often observed in young adults with idiopathic scoliosis. Anteverted pelvis does not require direct surgical correction in this patient group.