bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of high‐resolution ultrasound to monitor the healing of leg ulcers: a prospective single‐center study
Authors: Kuhn Christoph , Angehrn Fiorenzo 
Published: January 2009

Background: The quality and extent of leg ulcer healing in deeper skin layers remains poorly defined using standard visual inspection alone. High‐resolution ultrasound (HR‐US) offers a non‐invasive, quantitative and objective assessment of dimensional and structural changes deep within the wound.Methods: In a prospective, single‐center study, healing of chronic, treatment‐resistant leg ulcers was monitored by standard photography and HR‐US.Results: Twenty patients with 22 ulcers were enrolled. After study entry, treatment comprised continuation of conventional management (n=4) or application of Apligraf® (n=17) or Thiersch (n=1). All ulcers receiving a graft were classified as ‘clinically healed’ by visual inspection within a maximum of 5 weeks. With conventional management, closure required a period of several months in three out of four cases. After covering the ulcer with Apligraf®, the skin reconditioned, resulting in fair skin color and a smooth skin surface in all but one case. HR‐US images, however, revealed large subepidermal deficits of elastic and collagenous fibers at the time of ‘clinical healing’ in 14/18 engrafted ulcers, findings that are strongly indicative of a weakened skin scaffolding.Conclusion: We suggest that the healing process for chronic ulcers can be monitored with both standard visual inspection (photography) and HR‐US to allow early intervention.
Photoplanimetric evaluation and impedance measurement of split‐thickness skin grafts: a new model for objective wound‐healing assessment in clinical trials
Authors: Hauser J. , Lehnhardt M. , Daigeler A. , Langer S. , Steinau H. U. , Vogt P. M. 
Published: January 2009

Purpose: The objective assessment of wound healing is a challenging task especially in the context of clinical trials. Because the clinical evaluation of wounds and the wound‐healing quality is often influenced by the subjective view of the physician, there is great need for a reliable, quantitative and objective wound model that would help to obtain statistically useful data. Here, we present a wound model and non‐invasive analysis techniques to evaluate human wound healing. The model described was used in a clinical trial on 167 patients treated with a new wound therapeutic agent.Methods: The study was conducted on 167 patients receiving split‐thickness mesh grafts (1 : 1.5 and 0.1 mm) after reconstructive procedures. The re‐epithelialization of the mesh holes and the leakage of wound serum served as the main parameters of wound healing. The quantitative evaluation of the epithelialization rate was performed by photoplanimetry and impedance measurement. These data were correlated with the clinical wound assessment of two independent physicians.Results: The study showed that computer‐aided photoplanimetry, in combination with impedance measurement, is a feasible and very useful method to evaluate the re‐epithelialization rate of mesh skin grafts.Conclusion: The model described is a viable method to evaluate human wound healing in clinical trials.
Autotransplantation of first premolar to replace a maxillary incisor – 3D‐volume tomography for evaluation of the periodontal space
Authors: Harzer Winfried , Rüger Daniel , Tausche Eve 
Published: January 2009

Abstract –  The anterior maxilla is the most traumatized region during childhood and tooth loss is frequently involved. Space closure with implants is contraindicated in growing patients and maintenance of space is necessary over a long period. Transplantation of premolars from the mandible with two‐third to three‐quarter root formation wide open foramen provides the best prognosis for permanent survival.Case report:  This report describes the management of a 10 year old girl with autotransplantation to replace an upper incisor by a lower premolar under consideration of special care for the periodontal ligament during surgical procedure. A 3‐D imaging with digital volume tomography (DVT) was used 20 months after transplantation to evaluate the periodontal morphology.Discussion:  Autotransplantation of premolars with incomplete root formation to replace maxillary incisor is a treatment alternative after traumatic loss of teeth. There were no signs of pathosis like resorption or ankylosis and a normal periodontal space demonstrated with DVT. There is no need for endodontic treatment before transplantation. In this case of autotransplantation of a premolar, the DVT after 20 months gives evidence of a successful regeneration of the periodontal ligament.
Therapy of metastasized Merkel cell carcinoma with liposomal doxorubicin in combination with radiotherapy
Authors: Wobser Marion , Kürzinger Natalie , Ugurel Selma , Bröcker Eva‐B. , Becker Jürgen C. 
Published: January 2009

Summary Background: Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare skin cancer of neuroendocrine origin, which is characterized by a high rate of recurrence, metastatic spread and mortality. Because of its rarity, evidence‐based therapeutic regimens are difficult to establish. Merkel cell carcinoma is known to be both radio‐ and chemosensitive. Toxicity is a key factor in assessing any regimen, as the patients are usually elderly and likely to have other significant medical problems. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated five patients with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma to see if liposomal doxorubicin (Caelyx® or Myocet®) in combination with radiotherapy exhibited clinical anti‐tumoral effects accompanied by acceptable side effects. Results: The outpatient chemotherapy regimen was tolerated without major side effects and produced good response rates. All patients achieved at least tumor stabilization; four of five had a partial remission. Effects of therapy were usually seen in the first cycle of therapy but the responses were of short duration with an average interval of two months until progression. Conclusions: As combined radiochemotherapy with liposomal doxorubicin is well tolerated even in older patients with other illnesses and can be given on an outpatient basis, it is an attractive option for metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma. Based on response rate or overall survival, it offers no advantages compared to polychemotherapy.
Antiphospholipid antibodies and lipoprotein(a) in obese children
Authors: Pascut Devis , Princi Tanja , Donato Michela , Tamaro Giorgio , Parco Sergio 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAim: Antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies, Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and obesity are considered three independent risk factors for development of cardiovascular diseases. We investigate the presence of aPL antibodies and the Lp(a) concentration in 190 obese and 30 healthy children divided into prepubertal and pubertal, compared with healthy adults.Results: aPL antibodies were detected in 2.65% of prepubertal and in 2.59% of pubertal obese children. Considering results obtained by Lp(a) test, 4.4% of prepubertal and 5.2% of pubertal obese children and 17.5% of healthy adults were at risk for development of cardiovascular diseases.Conclusion: The presence of various prothrombotic risk factors increases the probability of developing thrombosis. Considering aPL antibodies there is no statistically significant difference among the different considered groups; therefore each category has the same risk factor. The Lp(a) distribution in adults is significantly different from the Lp(a) distribution in prepubertal (p = 0.012) and pubertal (p = 0.029) obese children. There is no significant difference among prepubertal subjects (p = 0.632) as well as pubertal subjects (p = 0.465), independently from the BMI. These results suggest the control of BMI in young population to avoid the presence of the obesity as another independent prothrombotic risk factor to be added to aPL and Lp(a) in the future adulthood.
Comparison of cytokine responses in nasopharyngeal aspirates from children with viral lower respiratory tract infections
Authors: Byeon Jung Hye , Lee Jin Chul , Choi Ic Sun , Yoo Young , Park Sang Hee , Choung Ji Tae 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAim: To determine whether nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) cytokine response is different according to the causative viruses in children with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI).Methods: NPAs from 277 children with LRTI caused by respiratory virus were evaluated. Based on the proven viral agents, LRTI patients were divided into four groups. Levels of IL‐4, IL‐5 and IFN‐γ were determined by ELISA.Results: Patients with influenza virus infection demonstrated significantly lower IL‐4 and IL‐5 levels than those with other three groups. Patients with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection showed an increase in production of IL‐4 and IL‐5, and a decrease in the IFN‐γ level when compared to patients with influenza virus infection. Interestingly, a similar Th2 response was seen in patients with parainfluenza virus or adenovirus infection.Conclusion: These results demonstrate that respiratory viruses can induce different local cytokine responses. However, Th2 biased responses are not unique for RSV but seem to be predominant in respiratory viruses of young children.
Acute non‐oliguric kidney failure and cholestatic hepatitis induced by ibuprofen and acetaminophen: a case report
Authors: Zaffanello Marco , Brugnara Milena , Angeli Silvia , Cuzzolin Laura 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe combined use of acetaminophen with ibuprofen has long been in clinical use because the target of action of each drug is different and they do not interfere with each other. Appropriate dosing and managing of these drugs do not likely lead to organ toxicity. However, both acetaminophen and ibuprofen can induce liver problems and acute kidney failure, respectively, if administered at high doses. We report the case of a female child, in treatment with both acetaminophen and ibuprofen, administered at therapeutic antipyretic doses in condition of volume depletion, who suffered acute kidney and liver failure.Conclusion: The combined ibuprofen and acetaminophen treatment, even if administered at therapeutic dosages and in a reduced number of doses, may be dangerous in conditions of volume depletion.
HPV Infection in Women: Psychosexual Impact of Genital Warts and Intraepithelial Lesions
Authors: Graziottin Alessandra , Serafini Audrey 
Published: January 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Genital Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most commonly occurring sexually transmitted viral infection in humans. HPV is a wide family of DNA viruses, which may cause benign skin and mucosal tumors (genital, anal, or oral warts), intraepithelial neoplasias, and/or malignant cancers in different organs. Women are more susceptible to the oncogenic effect of HPVs, mostly at the genital site on the uterine cervix.

Aims
This review analyzes the impact of: (i) genital warts (GWs) and their treatment; (ii) HPV-related genital, oral, and anal precancerous lesions on women’s sexual function.

Methods
A Medline search was carried out. Search terms were HPV, GWs, intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical cancer, anal cancer, oral cancer, epidemiology, HPV risk factors, sexual dysfunctions, desire disorders, arousal disorders, dyspareunia, vulvar vestibulitis, vulvodynia, orgasmic difficulties, sexual repertoire, couple sexual problems, depression, anxiety, pap smear, screening program, therapy, and vaccines.

Main Outcome Measures
Sexual consequences of HPV infection in women, specifically GWs and intraepithelial HPV-related neoplasia.

Results
Psychosexual vulnerability increases with number of recurrences of HPV infections. Depression, anxiety, and anger are the emotions most frequently reported. However, to date, there is no conclusive evidence of a specific correlation between HPV infection and a specific female sexual disorder. The relationship between HPV and vulvar vestibulitis/vulvodynia-related dyspareunia seems not to be direct. Counseling problems, the role of anti-HPV vaccine, and the concept of the high-risk partner are discussed. The reader is offered a practical approach with clinically relevant recommendations that may prove useful in his/her daily practice when dealing with HPV-infected women and couples.

Conclusion
The evidence of psychosexual consequences of HPV-related GWs and intraepithelial lesions is limited. Specific research on the sexual impact of GWs and intraepithelial HPV-related lesion in women is urgently needed.
Validation of the Decreased Sexual Desire Screener (DSDS): A Brief Diagnostic Instrument for Generalized Acquired Female Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD)
Authors: Clayton Anita H. , Goldfischer Evan R. , Goldstein Irwin , DeRogatis Leonard , Lewis-D’Agostino Diane J. , Pyke Robert 
Published: January 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
An accurate diagnosis of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) currently relies on a time-consuming interview with an expert clinician. Limited access to such expertise means that many women with HSDD remain undiagnosed. The Decreased Sexual Desire Screener (DSDS) was developed to provide clinicians who are neither trained nor specialized in Female Sexual Dysfunction (FSD) with a brief diagnostic procedure for the diagnosis of generalized acquired HSDD in women.

Methods
A prospective non-treatment multicenter study enrolled 263 women at 27 centers in North America in order to test the validity of the DSDS for diagnosing generalized acquired HSDD in women. Subjects completed the DSDS at the screening visit and their answers were reviewed with a clinician who was not an expert in FSD (“non-expert clinician”). Separately and while being unaware of the non-expert clinician’s diagnosis, an expert clinician conducted a standard diagnostic interview.

Main Outcome Measures
Diagnostic outcomes (generalized acquired HSDD or not) were compared. Primary endpoints included the sensitivity and specificity of the DSDS relative to the standard diagnostic interview. Subject and non-expert clinician debriefing were obtained via a written, structured interview. This ensured that a large sample could be tested under uniform conditions across multiple sites.

Results
Diagnostic assessment by DSDS and standard diagnostic interview were in agreement in 85.2% (224/263) of cases, with the sensitivity and specificity of the DSDS 83.6% and 87.8%, respectively. Debriefing showed that the five DSDS questions were well understood by 85.4% (76/89) of subjects included in the debriefing exercise, while non-expert clinicians considered the DSDS questions adequate to diagnose HSDD in 92.9% (235/253) of cases.

Conclusions
The DSDS is a sensitive and specific brief diagnostic instrument for generalized acquired HSDD in women that is quick and easy to use.
Genetics of Indoxacarb resistance in Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)
Authors: GHODKI Basweshwar S. , THAKARE Shivcharan M. , MOHARIL Mangesh P. , RAO Nagarjuna G. V. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe present investigation was done with the aim of studying the genetics of Indoxacarb resistance. Selection of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) with Indoxacarb was done for eight generations to develop resistance. Reciprocal crosses between resistant and susceptible populations were made to understand the population genetics of Indoxacarb resistance in H. armigera. Generation‐wise selection with Indoxacarb was evaluated for resistance development in H. armigera. The LC50 of Indoxacarb was 2.81 p.p.m. for the first selected generation, and it increased to 272.55 p.p.m. after eight selected generations, which is a 1238.86‐fold resistance compared to the susceptible strain. The estimated realized heritability (h2) after eight generations of selection with Indoxacarb was 0.45. The number of generations required for a tenfold increase in LC50 (1/R) was estimated to be 2.59. The response to Indoxacarb selection in H. armigera was 0.39, the estimated selection differential (S) was 0.87, and the phenotypic standard deviation (σp) was 0.03. Reciprocal crosses between Indoxacarb resistant and susceptible strains revealed that the inheritance of Indoxacarb resistance was autosomal: neither maternal effect nor linkage was evident. The values of DLC (0.10 and 0.09) indicated completely recessive inheritance of Indoxacarb resistance.
Trends in integrated pest management strategies for the control of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) caterpillars on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: WAKIL Waqas , ASHFAQ Muhammad , KWON Yong Jung , GHAZANFAR M. U. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA study was carried out at the University of Arid Agriculture, Rawalpindi, Pakistan to integrate different control measures against Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) on chickpea, to minimize the use of hazardous insecticides and develop an eco‐friendly management program. Cultural (weeding), mechanical (hand picking), biological (release of Trichogramma chilonis), microbial (spraying of Bacillus thruingiensis) and chemical (Steward) control practices were applied three times at 10 day intervals individually and also in various combinations. The application of Steward proved most effective when applied alone, with 0.41 larvae/plant, pod infestation of 9.31% and the highest grain yield (1203.66 g/plot); however, the integration of weeding, hand picking and Steward proved to be the most effective in reducing the larval population (0.12 larvae/plant) with minimum pod infestation (5.45%) on variety CM‐2000, which resulted in the maximum grain yield (1260.33 g/plot). The cost–benefit ratio in the treatment where Steward was applied alone was 1:2.20, and it was 1:3.53 where weeding and hand picking practices were integrated.
First report of cottony‐cushion scale (Icerya purchasi) on red berried mistletoe (Viscum cruciatum)
Authors: RUBIALES Diego , FERNÁNDEZ‐APARICIO Mónica 
Published: January 2009

AbstractCottony‐cushion scale (Icerya purchasi) infestation on red berried mistletoe (Viscum cruciatum) is reported for the first time. Mistletoe is a hemiparasitic plant that was parasitizing stems of olive trees; however, I. purchasi infested only the mistletoe and not the olive. Economic implications are discussed.
19F‐MAS NMR on Proteorhodopsin: Enhanced Protocol for Site‐Specific Labeling for General Application to Membrane Proteins†
Authors: Hellmich Ute A. , Pfleger Nicole , Glaubitz Clemens 
Published: January 2009

AbstractProteorhodopsin (PR) is a light‐driven proton pump found in near‐surface marine γ‐proteobacteria. The green absorbing variant has three cysteines at positions 107, 156 and 175. We probed the accessibility of these residues by 19F‐MAS NMR. For this purpose, an efficient but simple protocol for chemical fluorine labeling of accessible cysteines in membrane proteins was established. This one‐step reaction was applied to detergent‐solubilized PR before reconstitution into phospholipids. All three cysteines could be labeled and showed distinct 19F chemical shifts with different integral intensities. The accessibility of these cysteines is discussed in the context of a homology model. With the chemical cysteine labeling procedure shown here, an attractive option for site‐directed solid‐state NMR studies on other membrane proteins is offered due to the high intrinsic sensitivity of 19F‐MAS NMR.
Water‐mediated Spectral Shifts in Rhodopsin and Bathorhodopsin†
Authors: Sekharan Sivakumar 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe role of water molecules in spectral tuning of proteins has been left largely unexplored. This topic is important because changing hydrogen bond patterns during the activation process may lead to spectral shifts which can be of diagnostic value for the underlying structures. Arguments put forward in this article are based on spectral shift calculations of the rhodopsin and bathorhodopsin chromophore due to wat2a and 2b in the presence and absence of the counterion and of the amino acids lining the rhodopsin binding pocket. They show, among others, that a single water molecule can shift the absorbance by up to 0.1 eV or 34 nm depending on the environment of the chromophore.
Highly Efficient Detection of Single Fluorophores in Blood Serum Samples with High Autofluorescence
Authors: Fu Yi , Zhang Jian , Lakowicz Joseph R. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractSingle molecule detection (SMD) is usually performed on surface‐immobilized molecules with diffraction‐limited observation volumes, typically with confocal optics to suppress background from the sample and instrument. In this paper we consider the more difficult task of detecting single fluorophores in the presence of a substantial fluorescence background. We determined that for a readily accessible macroscopic observation volume of 1 pL that the background from undiluted blood serum was approximately equal to 2700 Cy5 molecules, and the background from whole blood equal to about 14 000 Cy5 molecules in whole blood. These high backgrounds appear to preclude the possibility of SMD of Cy5 molecules. However, we show that the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) in high background samples can be increased dramatically by reduction of the observed volume. We were able to detect single surface‐bound Cy5‐labeled DNA (Cy5‐DNA) oligomers in diluted blood serum with an SNR near 40. We also examined freely diffusing Cy5‐DNA in blood serum. The data showed that single Cy5‐DNA molecules could be detected even in the undiluted serum. We further investigated the SNR on silver island films. We found that the fluorescence signal was greatly enhanced in the presence of metallic nanostructures showing a larger SNR in the application tested. These results suggest the possibility of clinical assays based on SMD in blood serum and possibly whole blood. Increased SNR near metallic nanostructure could probably overcome the need for diffraction‐limited volumes and enhance our ability to do in situ SMD.
Illumination with Ultraviolet or Visible Light Induces Chemical Changes in the Water‐soluble Manganese Complex, [Mn4O6(bpea)4]Br4
Authors: Antal Taras K. , Lo Wayne , Armstrong William H. , Tyystjärvi Esa 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWe measured the photosensitivity of an artificial tetranuclear oxo–Mn(IV) complex, [Mn4O6(bpea)4]Br4, which has an adamantane‐shaped {Mn4O6}4+ core. Illumination caused changes in the absorption spectrum of the compound consistent with a one‐electron reduction in the compound. Bromide appears to be the most probable electron donor in the reaction system. Chemical modification of the cluster appears to destabilize it, predisposing it to reductive degradation. UV light was more efficient than visible light in causing the changes. The data support the suggestion that the natural oxygen‐evolving Mn complex is photosensitive and can oxidize components of the oxygen‐evolving complex in its excited state causing photoinhibition, and that photostability is an important issue in designing Mn complexes for artificial photosynthesis. Furthermore, light‐induced oxidation of bromide by [Mn4O6(bpea)4]4+ may suggest that oxidation of chloride is involved in natural water splitting or has been involved during the evolution of the water‐splitting enzyme.