bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between adenomatosis polyposis coli functional status and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase‐1 expression in colorectal cancer
Authors: Elander Nils , Zhou Jianlin , Ungerbäck Jonas , Dimberg Jan , Söderkvist Peter 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBioactive metabolites downstream of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) generated prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), in particular prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), are thought to play critical roles during the development of colorectal tumors. Previous reports reveal that defects of the tumor suppressor adenomatosis polyposis coli (APC) contribute to COX‐2 upregulation in colon tumor cells. We investigated whether a similar relation was present between APC functional status and the expression of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase‐1 (mPGES‐1), which acts downstream of COX‐2 and catalyses the terminal conversion of PGH2 into PGE2. Surprisingly, mPGES‐1 mRNA and protein levels were upregulated upon induction of a wild type‐APC carrying vector in HT29 colon cancer cells, and downregulated following siRNA silencing of APC in HCT‐116 cells. mPGES‐1 was overall enhanced in human colorectal tumor specimens versus corresponding non‐tumor mucosa and, in accordance with data on HT29 and HCT116 cells, higher levels of mPGES‐1 were observed among tumors carrying wild type versus mutant APC. RNAi silencing of β‐catenin and luciferase assays regarding the mPGES‐1 promoter region did not reveal a role for APC or β‐catenin/Tcf in controlling mPGES‐1 gene transcription. However, RNA degradation assays in HT29 cells revealed a suppressed degradation of mPGES‐1 in the presence of wild type APC, implying that mPGES‐1 mRNA is stabilized in the APC wild type state. Collectively, we demonstrate a novel association between APC functional status and mPGES‐1 expression in colorectal tumor cells, being most likely related to reduced mPGES‐1 mRNA degradation rate in the APC wild type state. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Convergence of coercive approximations for a model of gradient type in poroplasticity
Authors: Owczarek Sebastian 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe study the existence theory to the quasi‐static initial‐boundary‐value problem of poroplasticity. In this article the classical quasi‐static Biot model is considered for soil consolidation coupled with a nonlinear system of differential equations. This work, for the poroplasticity model of monotone‐gradient type, presents a convergence result of the coercive approximation to the solution of the original noncoercive problem. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Glucosinolates inBrassicavegetables: The influence of the food supply chain on intake, bioavailability and human health
Authors: Verkerk Ruud , Schreiner Monika , Krumbein Angelika , Ciska Ewa , Holst Birgit , Rowland Ian , De Schrijver Remi , Hansen Magnor , Gerhäuser Clarissa , Mithen Richard , Dekker Matthijs 
Published: November 2008

AbstractGlucosinolates (GLSs) are found inBrassicavegetables. Examples of these sources include cabbage, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, cauliflower and various root vegetables (e.g. radish and turnip). A number of epidemiological studies have identified an inverse association between consumption of these vegetables and the risk of colon and rectal cancer. Animal studies have shown changes in enzyme activities and DNA damage resulting from consumption ofBrassicavegetables or isothiocyanates, the breakdown products (BDP) of GLSs in the body. Mechanistic studies have begun to identify the ways in which the compounds may exert their protective action but the relevance of these studies to protective effects in the human alimentary tract is as yet unproven.In vitrostudies with a number of specific isothiocyanates have suggested mechanisms that might be the basis of their chemoprotective effects. The concentration and composition of the GLSs in different plants, but also within a plant (e.g. in the seeds, roots or leaves), can vary greatly and also changes during plant development. Furthermore, the effects of various factors in the supply chain ofBrassicavegetables including breeding, cultivation, storage and processing on intake and bioavailability of GLSs are extensively discussed in this paper.
Retracted:Comments on ‘Upper bound solution to elasticity problems: A unique property of the linearly conforming point interpolation method (LC‐PIM)’ by G. R. Liu and G. Y. Zhang, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 2008
Authors: Moitinho de Almeida J. P. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe following article from International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, Comments on ‘Upper bound solution to elasticity problems: A unique property of the linearly conforming point interpolation method (LC‐PIM)’ by G. R. Liu and G. Y. Zhang, published online on 19 June 2008 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editor‐in‐Chief, Ted Belytschko and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The retraction has been agreed due to the article being published out of sequence with a related article and with insufficient citation details.
Revisited conformational analysis of perhydro‐3a,6a,9a‐triazaphenalene based on Raman analysis
Authors: Chapuis Christian , Hagemann Hans , Fieber Wolfgang , Brauchli Robert , de Saint Laumer Jean‐Yves 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe have demonstrated experimentally by Raman analysis that 1a exists as a mixture of ttt/cct conformers at 22 °C in liquid or CCl4 solution, thus contrasting with the initial IR, NMR and X‐ray analyses, which were strongly in favour of (ttt)‐1a. The global stereoelectronic stabilization is ca. 4.0–4.2 kcal/mol for both parallel N lone pairs (lp) in (cct)‐1a, based on a ΔH of 0.75 kcal/mol (±10%), as measured by Raman spectroscopy from 22 to 90 °C, as well as the roughly estimated MM2 MeNHEt and MeNHCH2NH2 gauche interactions. DFT calculations using B3LYP/6‐31G* yield a standard ΔH value of 1.04 kcal/mol, in good agreement with the experiment, and predict a ttt/cct ratio of ca. 77:23 at 25 °C. Broadening of the 13C‐NMR signals was observed in either CCl4 or CS2 or even CDCl3 solutions between −20 and −40 °C. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Micelles derivatized with octreotide as potential target‐selective contrast agents in MRI
Authors: Morisco Anna , Accardo Antonella , Gianolio Eliana , Tesauro Diego , Benedetti Ettore , Morelli Giancarlo 
Published: November 2008

AbstractNew amphiphilic monomers (OCA‐DTPAGlu and OCA‐DOTA) containing, in the same molecule, three different functions: (i) the chelating agent (DTPAGlu or DOTA) able to coordinate gadolinium ion, (ii) the octreotide bioactive peptide able to target somatostatin receptors, and (iii) a hydrophobic moiety with two 18‐carbon atoms alkyl chains have been designed and synthesized by solid‐phase methods. The novel amphiphilic monomers aggregate, in water solution, giving stable micelles at very low concentration (cmc values of 2.3 × 10−6 mol kg−1 and 2.5 × 10−6 mol kg−1 for OCA‐DTPAGlu and OCA‐DOTA, respectively) as confirmed by fluorescence spectroscopy. Fluorescence studies and circular dichroism experiments indicate, for the two compounds as well as for their gadolinium complexes (OCA‐DOTA(Gd) and OCA‐DTPAGlu(Gd)), the complete exposure of octreotide on the micelle surface, and the predominant presence of an antiparallel β‐sheet peptide conformation characterized by a β‐like turn. The high relaxivity value (r1p = 13.9 mM−1 s−1 at 20 MHz and 25 °C), measured for micelles obtained by the gadolinium complex OCA‐DTPAGlu(Gd), indicates these aggregates as promising target‐selective magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Copyright © 2008 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analogues of AVP modified in theN‐terminal part of the molecule with Pip isomers: TFA‐catalysed peptide bond hydrolysis
Authors: Sobolewski Dariusz , Prahl Adam , Kwiatkowska Anna , Slaninová Jiřina , Lammek Bernard 
Published: November 2008

AbstractUsing SPPS techniques, six new analogues of AVP and some of its agonists were synthesised. The peptides were designed by substitution of Phe at position 3 of AVP, [Mpa1] AVP (dAVP) and [Mpa1,Val4,D‐Arg8]VP (dVDAVP) withL‐ orD‐Pip, a non‐coded α‐imino acid, also called homoproline. Surprisingly enough, both the analogues of AVP and [Mpa1]AVP with identical substituents at position 2 turned out to be highly sensitive to TFA used for deprotection and cleavage of the synthesised peptides from the resin and it was the reason why we were not able to obtain these four peptides. The mechanisms of their fragmentation were proposed in this study. Unfortunately, all the new analogues were inactive in bioassays for the pressor, antidiuretic and uterotonicinvitroactivities in the rat. Copyright © 2008 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pressure‐induced structural phase transitions in materials and earth sciences
Authors: Manjón Francisco Javier , Errandonea Daniel 
Published: November 2008

AbstractPressure is an important thermodynamic parameter since it allows an increase of matter density by reducing volume. The reduction of volume by applying high pressures leads to an overall decrease of interatomic and intermolecular distances that allows exploring in detail atomic and molecular interactions. Therefore, high‐pressure research has improved our fundamental understanding of these interactions in solids, liquids and gasses. The study of the structure of matter under compression is a rapid developing field that is receiving increasing attention especially due to continuous experimental and theoretical developments. In this article, we give a brief description of the experimental and theoretical methods employed in the study of solid matter at high pressures and summarize the high‐pressure phases of the most relevant elements and inorganic compounds of the AX, A2X, AX2, ABX2, A2X3, ABX3, ABX4and AB2X4families giving an overview of the state of the art in high‐pressure research by highlighting recent discoveries, hot spots, controversial questions, and future directions of research. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Nonlinear optics with ZnO nanowires
Authors: Voss Tobias , Kudyk Iryna , Wischmeier Lars , Gutowski Jürgen 
Published: November 2008

AbstractSecond‐harmonic generation and two‐photon induced photoluminescence from arrays of ZnO nanowires and single nanowires under excitation with femtosecond pulses is experimentally studied. The ratio of relevant components of the nonlinear χ(2) tensor is obtained. The excitation of the nanowire array with femtosecond laser pulses induces significant heating of the free‐standing nanowires. The heat distribution is analyzed in phenomenological finite‐element studies. Two‐photon excitation of a broad internal photoluminescence in single ZnO nanowires is used to perform a single‐nanowire transmission experiment. From the transmitted intensity, the band‐gap shift in the excited nanowire is obtained. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Zero‐phonon line broadening and satellite peaks in nanowire quantum dots: The role of piezoelectric coupling
Authors: Weber Carsten , Lindwall Greta , Wacker Andreas 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe investigate the influence of the one‐dimensional character of the phonon modes in a catalytically grown GaAs nanowire on the absorption spectrum of an embedded quantum dot, focusing on the contribution from the piezoelectric coupling. In general, the reduced dimensionality of the phonons leads to spectral side peaks and a zero‐phonon line broadening due to the energetically lowest (acoustic) phonon mode. While the deformation potential predominantly couples to radial modes, the piezoelectric interaction can also couple strongly to modes of axial character, leading to additional absorption features. The contribution of the piezoelectric coupling to the zero‐phonon line is negligible. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Generalizing Planck's law: Nonequilibrium emission of excited media
Authors: Henneberger K. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractUsing a quantum‐kinetic many‐body approach, exact results for the interacting system of field and matter in a specified geometry are presented. It is shown that both the spectral function of photons and the field fluctuations split up into vacuum‐ and medium‐induced contributions, for which explicit expressions are derived. Using Poynting's theorem, the incoherent emission is analyzed and related to the coherent absorption as may be measured in a linear transmission‐reflection experiment. Their ratio defines the medium‐induced population of the modes of the transverse electromagnetic field and so generalizes Planck's law to an arbitrarily absorbing and dispersing medium in a nonequilibrium steady state. For quasi‐equilibrium, this population develops into a Bose distribution whose chemical potential marks the crossover from absorption to gain and, also, characterizes the degree of excitation. Macroscopic quantum phenomena such as lasing and quantum condensation are discussed on this footing. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Predicting the influence of observations on medium‐range forecasts of atmospheric flow
Authors: Sellwood Kathryn J. , Majumdar Sharanya J. , Mapes Brian E. , Szunyogh Istvan 
Published: November 2008

AbstractIn recent years, the Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (ETKF) has been demonstrated to be useful for identifying a priori dynamically important locations for the placement of supplementary dropwindsonde observations aimed at improving short‐range (1–3 day) forecasts of high‐impact winter weather. In this paper, the ability of this strategy to predict the influence (or ‘signal’) of assimilating observations into the NCEP Global Forecast System for forecasts of 200 hPa wind up to 6 days is evaluated. Using a 50‐member ECMWF ensemble, the ETKF was found to exhibit significantly higher skill than a seasonal ‘climatology’ of the important locations in predicting both (1) the spatial structure of signals within the storm track on a case‐by‐case basis; and (2) the variance of these signals over a 2‐month period, within objectively chosen verification regions on synoptic scales. The verification region was selected by extracting the zonal envelope of the Rossby wave packet associated with the propagating ETKF signal variance. It is recommended that larger verification regions be used for longer lead times, due to the eastward expansion of the wave packet.The capability of the ETKF to predict signal variance out to 6 days was found to be dependent on the flow regime. The ETKF was most capable when the background flow was predominantly zonal, and least capable in instances where the observations were placed upstream of a blocking high over the north‐eastern Pacific. Therefore, the ETKF is sometimes (but not always) able to predict when there exists significant potential for a particular group of observations to improve medium‐range forecasts. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Robotic‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy in Italy: perioperative data on the first 150 patients
Authors: Pierini Paolo , Baldassarre Emanuele , Lillaz Beatrice , Viganò Massimo , Merlo Fabrizio 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBackgroundIn 2004 we performed the first robot‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) at Aosta, Italy.MethodsData about our first 150 RALPs are presented.ResultsMean patient age was 65.2 (range 51–75) years; mean preoperative PSA level 7.9 (range 1.8–25.0) ng/ml. Nerve sparing was performed in 109 cases (72.7%) with lymph nodes dissection in 27 (18.0%). Operative time: patients 1–50, mean 213.3 (range 185–290) min; patients 51–100, 207.3 (range 185–335) min; patients 101–150, 171.7 (range 123–270) min. Two procedures were converted to open. Mean blood loss was 235 (range 20–1000) ml with two blood transfusions. One patient was reoperated for anastomotic leakage. Four patients were treated by colostomy and rectal suture for rectal injury (n = 3) or recto‐urethral fistula (n = 1). The overall complication incidence was 13.3% (20 events), while mortality was nil.ConclusionsThe incidence of complications is slightly higher than in major pilot centres but it is comparable, hence RALP also appears feasible in our italian peripheral centre. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Folate Functionalized Boron Nitride Nanotubes and their Selective Uptake by Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells: Implications for their Use as Boron Carriers in Clinical Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
Authors: Ciofani Gianni , Raffa Vittoria , Menciassi Arianna , Cuschieri Alfred 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is increasingly being used in the treatment of several aggressive cancers, including cerebral glioblastoma multiforme. The main requirement for this therapy is selective targeting of tumor cells by sufficient quantities of10B atoms required for their capture/irradiation with low-energy thermal neutrons. The low content of boron targeting species in glioblastoma multiforme accounts for the difficulty in selective targeting of this very malignant cerebral tumor by this radiation modality. In the present study, we have used for the first time boron nitride nanotubes as carriers of boron atoms to overcome this problem and enhance the selective targeting and ablative efficacy of BNCT for these tumors. Following their dispersion in aqueous solution by noncovalent coating with biocompatible poly-l-lysine solutions, boron nitride nanotubes were functionalized with a fluorescent probe (quantum dots) to enable their tracking and with folic acid as selective tumor targeting ligand. Initial in vitro studies have confirmed substantive and selective uptake of these nanovectors by glioblastoma multiforme cells, an observation which confirms their potential clinical application for BNCT therapy for these malignant cerebral tumors.
Lock‐in situations in supply chains: A social exchange theoretic study of sourcing arrangements in buyer–supplier relationships
Authors: Narasimhan Ram , Nair Anand , Griffith David A. , Arlbjørn Jan Stentoft , Bendoly Elliot 
Published: November 2008

AbstractSocial exchange theory is used to gain a better understanding of the relationship between a buyer and a supplier that is characterized by lock‐in situations. We begin by reviewing the theoretical foundations of social exchange theory. Next, we use an illustrative multinational business example from a Danish Business Group to demonstrate the complexities of the lock‐in situation. Conjectures related to lock‐in behaviors are initially developed and then examined by means of a game‐theoretic model. The analysis provides a basis for the development of propositions which are examined employing a behavioral experiment. The results indicate that the optimal pricing strategy of the supplier is to lower the price with increasing demand and the optimal investment intensity of the buyer decreases with increasing demand. The paper concludes by presenting directions for future research.
Comparing Court and Kennett Leadership Styles: Energy Sector Reform in Western Australia and Victoria
Authors: Barton Stephen , van Onselen Peter 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
This paper argues that political leadership is primarily displayed by the achievement of goals. However leaders do not operate in a vacuum; they must achieve their goals in a social and economic environment that presents both challenges and opportunities. The extent to which leaders are successful, by that we mean display political leadership, depends on their leadership style. That is, the deployment of their institutional powers (with their own inherent limitations), to overcome challenges and exploit opportunities. Political leadership relies on adopting the most appropriate leadership style in a given situation. This paper will explore such considerations with regard to energy sector reform in the states of Western Australia and Victoria during the Governments of Richard Court and Jeff Kennett respectively. Leadership as it applies to policy in the political context requires an empirical approach in order to judge the prescriptive outcomes. We therefore define political leadership (in all its facets) and establish a model of political leadership appropriate when looking at premiers in the Australian context. Finally this model is applied to energy sector reforms in the states of Victoria and Western Australia.
‘Here's a Wee Present for You’: The Role of Civic Culture in the Governance of Northern Ireland
Authors: Maguire Diarmuid 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
This article explores how civil servants have sought to reform civil society in Northern Ireland during the peace process by using funding of community groups, but also through the discourse necessary to get hold of that funding. It argues that this attempted re-construction of civil society initiated by the state reflects three arguments. First, there is clear evidence of an ideational change among leading civil servants away from sectarianism and towards more liberal conceptions of civil society. Second, the involvement of the European Union in Northern Ireland not only provides some of this funding but is also a model as it shifts from economic unity to political unity. Third, these factors have led to a form of governance based on participatory democracy. This article argues, however, that there is a failure in dealing with existing forms of representative democracy, which ultimately have the power to undermine the peace process.
Suiting Ourselves: Research Governance in a New Generation University
Authors: Hobson Jane , Shaver Sheila 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
We explore research governance through the case of a new generation university, identifying faultlines, tensions and possibilities in the gender regimes shaping participation in research and research management. The university compares well with other Australian universities for the number of women at senior levels, but has it required women to “pose” as men in order to achieve those aspirations? The university's research development is mixed, with a lack of research depth that is, in part, an effect of gender – unrealised research potential in “pink pockets” of teaching and nursing, though there are similar underperforming “blue pockets” such as accounting. The paper explores gender equity politics in relation to the consequences of a contradiction between a mission and history that value teaching and a policy environment that valorises research.
Path Creation? Processes and Networks: How the Chinese Rural Tax Reform Began
Authors: Chelan Li Linda 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
How can we possibly deviate from trodden paths and accustomed practices, given the weight of institutional inertia and resistance against change? This paper looks into the early phases of the emergence of the Chinese rural tax-for-fee reform to seek an answer. It describes how the reform came into being through going “back the time line”. Having a better understanding of the early processes, this paper argues, has significance for its own sake – given that the early stages mark the departure (if any) from existing paths –as well as contributing towards a better understanding of sustainability.