bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of CO2 Storage Potential Capacity in Depleted Reservoirs of Offshore Malay Basin
Authors: Yakup M. H. B. , Affandi R. B. A. , Trianto A. , Rahman M. Z. B. A. , Chidambaram P. , Hendraningrat L. , Jalil M. A. B. A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Due to concerns about global warming and climate change, storing CO2 using an underground geologic structure has been widely discussed and put into action. Depleted gas reservoirs are one of the most common geological solutions for CO2 storage for a variety of reasons. Depleted gas reservoirs are excellent for storing CO2 when taking into account data accessibility, economic viability, and storage safety. In this research, the appraisal of CO2 storage potential in depleted reservoirs offshore the Malaysian Basin is discussed as part of storage development plan.
This study explains the assessment of CO2 storage potential capacity in depleted gas reservoirs which includes dynamic modelling of major reservoir, analytical evaluation of minor reservoirs as well as project risk analysis exercise. For both wet gas and dry gas reservoirs, the material balance equation (MBE) approach was employed to predict hydrocarbon recovery. The MBE considers the natural gas production history and the idea of volumetric balance at reservoir pressure and temperature. The MBE can also be used to calculate the gas injection efficiency for natural gas storage.
An integrated subsurface-surface study included geomechanics study was carried out during storage development plan study to establish a notional CO2 storage development plan for a field with few depleted reservoirs of Offshore Malay Basin. The dry and wet gas reservoirs were identified as the fluid phase behaviors of the depleted reservoirs of the Offshore Malaysian Basin, which is extremely suitable to simplify the role of a depleted gas reservoir to only storing CO2 in an underground formation. The historical match for all reservoirs achieved acceptable match between simulated and observed data for dynamic production and pressure that some of those reservoirs require aquifer with varies of size. Four large reservoirs were assessed with potential CO2 storage capacity of these reservoirs, which ranged from 1.6 Tscf to 2.3 Tscf. Upside storage capacity in minor reservoirs could achieve 425 Bscf in the meantime. Based on this study, aquifers are identified as a key element that affects the storage capacity potential.
This field is planned to have CO2 injection site ready for injection in near future to monetize the nearby high CO2 gas fields to meet GHG requirement. The key subsurface and surface facilities risk were identified as project risk assessment.
Is There Any Relationship Between Systemic Inflammatory Markers And Meningioma Grade?
Authors: Manjunath Niveditha , Mishra Shashwat , Garg Kanwaljeet , Suri Vaishali , Sharma Mehar Chand , Tandon Vivek , Singh Manmohan , Suri Ashish , Chandra P. Sarat , Kale Shashank Sharad 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Systemic inflammatory markers have been found to be of value in predicting the prognosis in renal cell and gastrointestinal cancers. Recent studies in gliomas correlating with Systemic inflammatory markers (SIMS) have shown promise in predicting survival.

Objective:
Meningiomas are the commonest intracranial primary brain tumors in adults. There is a need to distinguish low and high grade meningiomas preoperatively as they have crucial implications for the radicality of surgical excision and prognostication.

Methods:
A retrospective search was conducted, and the newly diagnosed meningioma cases were studied. The preoperative hematological parameters of the patients and pathological tumor grades were noted. The grade 1 meningioma was defined as low-grade meningioma while grade 2 and 3 meningiomas were defined as high-grade meningioma. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the association between the hematological parameters and tumor grade.

Results:
Seven hundred and eighty meningioma cases with a mean age of 43.5 years were included. The ANC, NLR, and dNLR were found to be significantly elevated in high-grade meningioma (P = 0.03). Other inflammatory parameters including TLC failed to show a statistically significant difference when compared between the grades of meningioma. ROC analysis further showed limited value of these markers in predicting meningioma grade. However, an elevated ANC (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.02–1.14), male sex (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.13–2.58), and tumor origin from sites other than the skull base or thecal sac (OR = 3.33, 95% CI = 1.93–6.12) were predictive of high-grade meningioma in regression analysis.

Conclusion:
Preoperative hematological inflammatory parameters have limited value in predicting the grade of tumor in meningiomas. An elevated preoperative ANC, NLR, and dNLR were found to be more frequently associated with high grade of meningiomas.
Headache of Wearing PPE; A Survey for Neurological Symptoms with PPE amongst Health Care Workers
Authors: Srinath Rajagopal , Yanamandra Uday , Singh Anurag , Aggarwal Nupur , Kaur Praneet , Aggarwal Bhavya , Shobhit Shivendra , Duhan Gaytri , Paul Debashish , Bareedu Sai Pavan K , Sahu Rajesh , Menon Anil S 
Published: February 2024

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic has put the entire medical fraternity into a very challenging and demanding situation. Along with always being at the risk of COVID infection, healthcare workers (HCWs) are also facing neurological problems due to long working hours in personal protective equipment (PPE). These symptoms and their characteristics need to be observed and studied in-depth to understand the problems experienced by HCWs and to design new solutions to overcome such problems.

Objectives:
This study intends to evaluate the various neurological manifestations among the HCWs wearing PPE for prolonged periods.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study at a Covid care center from western India from April 20 to June 01, 2021 by using a self-administered web-based questionnaire. A total of 256 HCWs were surveyed. The de-identified data were analyzed using JMP 15.0.0.

Results:
Among a total of 256 HCWs surveyed for this study, the majority (58.6%) were aged 24–35 years, with a male preponderance (65.62%, n = 168). Participants included doctors (41%), nurses (35%), paramedical staff (22%), and housekeeping staff (1%). The symptoms encountered among the HCWs wearing the PPE were headache, classified further as donning headache in 112 (44.98%), doffing headache in 56 (26.24%), slowed mentation in 48 (21.05%), and excessive sleepiness in 86 (38.74%), which affected their work performance. The age of the HCWs had a significant correlation with all the symptoms.

Conclusion:
Headache, slowed mentation, and excessive sleepiness was encountered among the HCWs wearing PPE, which depended upon the duration of PPE usage. The most common symptom was headache, which was of moderate to severe intensity.
Dose–volume parameters comparison of organs at risk between the prone and supine positions in pelvic tumors using 3D-CRT
Authors: Haghparast Abbas , Afandideh Mahsa , Farshchian Negin , Naderi Setareh 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Aims:
Cancer is a major public health problem worldwide, the leading cause of death in developed countries. Radiotherapy is an important treatment for many malignancies. The main purpose of this study was to compare the two techniques of supine and prone in prostate and rectal cancers using DVH extraction parameters.

Methods and Material:
Clinical and dosimetry data of 41 rectal and prostate cancer patients were evaluated in both the supine and prone positions with belly board. Administered dose was daily 180 cGy. The four box fields in the first phase and two lateral fields in the second phase with 18 MV photon fields were used. Each patient underwent CT scan, at both the positions using a contrast agent with a full bladder.

Statistical Analysis Used:
By using IBM SPSS software v23, all the data were described. The normal distribution of the data was performed using the KS sample statistical test. For data analysis, paired t test was used in the normal data and the Wilcoxon test was used in the non-normal data.

Results:
In patients with rectal cancer, there is no change in the received minimum dose by organs at risk. A significant decrease in received maximum dose, except for the prostate organ, could be due to the spatial proximity of the two organs to each other. Also, the received average dose in the small intestine was significantly reduced (P = 0.005). But in other organs, the dose reduction was not significant. In patients with prostate cancer, there is no change in the received minimum dose by OARs, except for the bladder organ (P = 0.003). Except the bladder organs (P = 0.011), there is no significant decrease in the received average dose by OARs. The maximum dose of the OARs is significantly reduced, except for the colon where there was not much overlap in the PTV, in addition to receiving the dose in the range. There was no significant relationship between CI in the rectal field and UI in the prostate field (P > 0.05), but there was a significant relationship between CI in the prostate field and UI in the rectal field with change in patient position.

Conclusions:
In the prone position, in both patients’ groups, the OARs receive an optimal and better dose than the supine position, especially the small intestine organ in the rectal field and the bladder and rectum organs in the prostate field. However, it seems that this change in the position of rectal cancer patients is ineffective in reducing the dose of prostate and needs further investigation.
Differences and their contexts between teaching and nonteaching hospitals in Iran with other countries
Authors: Sadeghi Niusha Shahidi , Maleki Mohammadreza , Gorji Hassan Abolghasem , Vatankhah Soudabeh , Mohaghegh Bahram 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
In terms of missions, hospitals are divided into teaching and nonteaching. In addition, differences in health-care systems in countries will lead to differences in hospitals' operation. Iran, as a specific health-care system, is different from other countries. Hence, the present study investigated differences between teaching and nonteaching hospitals and their differences in Iran and the world.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A concurrent mixed-methods study was conducted in two stages. The first stage was a narrative review of studies (2000–2020). Using narrative inquiry and reflective analysis, the content was analyzed and the categories were extracted. The second stage was a qualitative study conducted using semi-structured interviews with forty Iranian hospital managers and policymakers through a purposive sampling in 2020. Content analysis was made using deductive approach, and MAXQDA 12 was used for data analysis.

RESULTS:
According to the first stage, categories were extracted as follows: service quality, type of cases, patient satisfaction, efficiency, performance indicators, patient safety, personnel, use of drugs, access to services, technologies, justice in the type of services received, using guidelines, processes, and number of services. In the second stage, 8 main categories, 17 categories, and 45 subcategories were extracted. The extracted main categories were as follows: mission and target, management and behavioral organizations, supply chain and chain of results, human resources, costs and budget, policy demands, clients' satisfaction and patients' right, and integration of medical education.

CONCLUSION:
Unlike other countries, in Iran, the combination of missions and the complete dependence of teaching hospitals on the government has caused differences. Reducing the treatment mission of teaching hospitals; differences in the budget and development of its indicators; lower tariffs for teaching hospitals; developing a cost–income management model and supply chain; preventing uncertainty other than medical students except medicine; considering the clients' right to choose hospital; and organizing research missions in hospitals were the solutions for decrease differences.
Generational characteristics of general medicine students in Iran
Authors: Firoozjahantighi Azarmidokht , jokar Fariba , Haghani Fariba , Ahmadnia Shirin 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
Purpose: The success of any educational system depends on the fitness of the curriculum components with the characteristics of its audience. The students of the present generation are different from the previous ones due to the changes resulting from the changes that have taken place in society, media, technology, and communication as we entered the 21th century. Hence, this study was conducted to identify the characteristics of MD students in universities of medical sciences in Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This qualitative study was conducted on 32 MD students among 7 universities of medical universities of Iran. The participants were selected through purposive sampling method, and the data were collected via semi-structured interviews after getting informed consent. Then, the data were analyzed using conventional content analysis method.

RESULTS:
Technology as a Double-Edged Sword, in digital age, Quick access, Reasoning the basis of acceptance. Evaluation ambiguity, Seeking independence,get involved in problems, desirable teaching qualities, my favorite teacher, features of content, Role models traces,my favorite teacher, The rest are unchanged.

CONCLUSION:
MD students are interested in using various teaching methods and technologies, applying methods that are similar to their future job and learning by doing; they also tend to use visual materials and shortening the time and memorizing content. They prefer professors who love to teach and are good role models for them. What motivates them is to be involved in the classroom, to be active, to be respected, and not to be ignored.
Community perception of accessibility and barriers to utilizing mental health services
Authors: Lakshmana Govindappa , Sangeetha Vasunaik , Pandey Vijyendra 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
The Government of India and State Government authorities are trying their best to provide adequate mental health services through various mental health policies and programs. To reduce the burden in psychiatric hospitals, Government has decentralized mental health services. Although Government has provided mental health services, the utilization has always been low due to many reasons. In the present study, an attempt was made to assess the accessibility and the barriers to utilizing mental health services with various community stakeholders.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This is a qualitative study wherein data was collected from youth, women, geriatric groups, community key leaders, and Anganwadi workers. The primary data were collected through focused group discussions and interview methods. The collected data were analyzed using thematic coding.

RESULTS:
A total of twenty-five factors have been identified in the study, which were categorized under eight themes. (a) Lack of awareness and misinformation on mental health, illness, and available services, (b) Perceived causes for mental illness, (c) Reasons for not approaching health professionals, (d) Treatment adherence-related issues, (e) No multidisciplinary team in private hospitals and lack of involvement in government sector (f) Manpower issues, (g) Quality of service issues and building confidence among community people, and (h) Belief system and stigma.

CONCLUSIONS:
Inadequate mental health services, lack of awareness of mental health, and illness are still persist. The District Mental Health Program and other service providers need to reach communities, especially in remote areas. Periodical evaluation should be carried out to improve the utilization of mental health services.
Assessing vaccine hesitancy among health-care workers in Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Shah Naveed Nazir , Khursheed Syed Quibtiya , Khan Zaid , Reagu Shuja , Alabdulla Majid , Haq Inaamul , Dar Shabir Ahmad , Hamza Adnan , Dar Khurshid Ahmad , Farooq Syed Suraiya , Datta Bikram Singh 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
The World Health Organization declared vaccine hesitancy as one of the planet's top 10 global health threats in 2019. With the rollout of the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccines, a survey was conducted to find out the hesitancy and the apprehensions that come along with taking COVID-19 vaccines among health-care workers (HCWs).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was an online cross-sectional survey which was developed and shared through social media platforms among the HCWs of Kashmir. The survey captured demographic data and used a validated hesitancy measurement tool from January 2021 to February 2021. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression using Stata 15 (Stata Corp. 2017. Stata Statistical Software: Release 15. College Station, TX: Stata Corp LLC).

RESULTS:
Willingness to take the COVID-19 vaccine when available was seen in 67.7% of the HCWs. Overall, 9.59% of respondents reported unwillingness to receive a vaccine for COVID-19, while 22.7% were unsure. The most commonly cited reason for willingness to get vaccinated was an understanding of the disease and vaccination, as reported by 81.5%. Being single was significantly related to an increased risk of vaccine hesitancy (adjusted odds ratio = 5.27, 95% confidence interval: 2.07–13.40). Among vaccine attitudes, concerns about the safety of the vaccine, unforeseen problems in children, and possible unknown future adverse effects of the vaccine were the most important determinants of unwillingness.

CONCLUSIONS:
A significant proportion of the HCWs showed vaccine hesitancy to the COVID-19 vaccine. Hesitancy attitudes were almost always driven by concern around the vaccine safety. States and health-care authorities need to recognize the massive trust deficit around the Covid-19 vaccine and use the popular media used by people to share credible and reliable information.
Comparison of two new educational techniques on knowledge of nurses about cerebrovascular accident nursing care in emergency department
Authors: Dehghan Zahra , Alimohammadi Nasrollah , Mohamadirizi Shahla 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
One of the important challenges faced by health-care system is to raise the level of knowledge of nurses about cerebrovascular accident (CVA) nursing care in the emergency department. Therefore, the aim of this study was comparison of two new educational techniques (noninteractive multimedia learning and workshop) on knowledge of nurses about CVA nursing care in the emergency department.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This experimental study was conducted with a two-group design. Sixty-four eligible nurses working in the emergency department in selected hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, were selected as the study participants. Nurses were randomly assigned into two groups of noninteractive multimedia (n = 32) and workshop (n = 32) using random number table. The data-gathering tools including a demographic questionnaire (6 items) and knowledge questionnaire (24 items) were completed before and 2 weeks after the intervention in both the groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18 and descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and analytical statistics (ANOVA, independent t-test, and paired t-test). The level of statistical significance was P ≤ 0.05.

RESULTS:
The result shows that independent t-test showed that there was not a significant difference between the mean total scores of nurses’ knowledge before intervention in the two groups (P > 0/05). Furthermore, the results of paired t-test showed a significant difference in the knowledge score 2 weeks after compared to before the education in both the groups (P < 0.005). In addition, the results of independent t-test showed a significant difference in the knowledge score 2 weeks after the intervention in the two groups (P < 0.005). The average knowledge score in the workshop group was significantly higher than in noninteractive multimedia learning group.

CONCLUSION:
According to the result, new educational techniques such as noninteractive multimedia learning and workshop could improve knowledge of nurses about CVA nursing care in the emergency department.
Comparison of conjunctival swabs and blood samples in dogs for molecular and serological detection of Leishmania infantum infection in Colombia
Authors: Mejía-Chimá Wilmer A , Hernández-Vera Samuel D , Pérez-Vargas Oscar Y , Rivero Rodriguez Matilde E , Paternina Luis E , Bejarano Eduar E 
Published: February 2024

Background & objectives:
Surveillance of canine leishmaniasis in Colombia is restricted to the appearance of visceral leishmaniasis cases in humans, and is mainly performed by serological tests. This requires blood sampling by veterinarians or technicians according to Colombian laws. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of conjunctival swabs in the molecular detection of Leishmania in dogs from the municipality of Ovejas, Sucre.

Methods:
The present study was cross-sectional and descriptive. The collection source of samples and information was primary. Blood samples and conjunctival swabs from 121 dogs were analysed by PCR-ITS1 to detect Leishmania spp. Positive samples were used to amplify a conserved region of the Leishmania infantum kinetoplast minicircle. Performance of both sample types was calculated by proportion of positive samples of each type and the degree of agreement between them was determined by Cohen’s kappa (κ) agreement index.

Results:

Leishmania infection was detected in 17.4% (21/121) of blood samples and in 16.5% (20/121) of conjunctival swabs. In total, 28.1% (34/121) of the canines were infected, of which 11.8% (4/34) were infected with L. infantum in the conjunctival swabs and 5.9 % (2/34) in the blood samples. The agreement between blood and conjunctiva was medium (κ = 0.207) by PCR-ITS1 amplification.

Interpretation & conclusion:
The use of conjunctival swab as a non-invasive sample could be used as an alternative method for surveillance of canine leishmaniasis.
A study on knowledge, attitude, and practices toward ophthalmic emergencies among fresh medical graduates in India
Authors: Dixitha V. , Babu Mahesh , Sabhahit Shruti Vinod 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate and estimate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of Indian fresh medical graduates with respect to ophthalmic emergencies.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1300 participants who had completed compulsory rotatory residential internship with the help of a questionnaire distributed through social platforms. The Chi-square and Pearson’s coefficient relation tests were used. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS. P <0.05 was taken as the level of statistical significance.

RESULTS:
Good knowledge proportionately corresponded to a good attitude with statistical significance (P = 0.000). Participants with good practice also had a good attitude with significance (P = 0.001). Good knowledge participants who managed ophthalmic emergencies were statistically significant than that of participants with poor knowledge and managed ophthalmic emergencies, 15.72%. (χ
2 = 16.653, P = 0.000). Attitude toward confidence in the management of ophthalmic emergencies and their willingness in undergoing training was significant (χ
2 = 43.8, P = 0.000).

CONCLUSION:
Educating and training fresh medical graduates can help in the management and mitigation of ophthalmic emergencies to reduce ocular morbidity and prevent blindness to a greater degree.