bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diverse effects of Stat1 on the regulation of hsp90α gene under heat shock
Authors: Chen Xue‐song , Zhang Yi , Wang Jin‐shan , Li Xiao‐yan , Cheng Xiao‐kuan , Zhang Ye , Wu Ning‐hua , Shen Yu‐fei 
Published: April 2007

AbstractStat1 has been known as a regulator of gene expression and a mediator of IFNγ signaling in mammalian cells, while its effect in a heat shock response remains unclear. We used RNAi knockdown, point mutations, ChIP and promoter activity assays to study the effect of Stat1 on the heat‐shock induction of the hsp90α gene under heat shock conditions. We found that Stat1 regulates the heat shock induction of its target genes, the hsp90α gene in a heat shock response while the constitutive activity of the gene remains unaffected. The result of Stat1 in complex with Stat3 and HSF1 that bound at the GAS to lead a moderate heat shock induction was designated as an “intrinsic” induction of the hsp90α gene. Additionally a reduced or an elevated level of heat shock induction was also controlled by the Stat1 on hsp90α. These diverse effects on the hsp90α gene were a “reduced” induction with over‐expressed Stat1 elicited by transfection of wild‐type Stat1 or IFNγ treatment, bound at the GAS as homodimer; and an “enhanced” heat shock induction with a mutation‐mediated prohibition of Stat1/GAS binding. In conclusion, the status and efficacy of Stat1 bound at the GAS of its target gene are pivotal in determining the impact of Stat1 under heat shock. The results provided the first evidence on the tumor suppressor Stat1 that it could play diverse roles on its target genes under heat shock that also shed lights on patients with fever or under thermotherapy. J. Cell. Biochem. 102: 1059–1066, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preparation and in vitro evaluation of 99mTc‐labelled bovine lactadherin as a novel radioligand for apoptosis detection
Authors: Waehrens Lasse N. , Rasmussen Jan T. , Heegaard Christian W. , Falborg Lise 
Published: April 2007

AbstractLactadherin is an opsonin, which binds with high affinity to phosphatidylserine exposed on the surface of apoptotic cells via its C1C2 domains. Phagocytosis of the apoptotic cells is then facilitated by an Arg‐Gly‐Asp (RGD)‐ mediated binding to macrophages surface integrins. The present report describes the synthesis of 99mTc‐HYNIC–lactadherin with a radiochemical yield of 88±5% (n= 3) and a specific activity of 41±5 µCi/µg (n=3) when purified. Purified 99mTc‐HYNIC–lactadherin was shown to be stable for at least 5 h when supplemented with 1.5 mg/ml fatty‐acid‐free BSA. The radiolabelled protein retained its phospholipid binding ability that was verified by its ability to bind to apoptotic HL60 leukaemia cells. The apoptotic cells demonstrated a RGD independent 3‐ to 4‐fold excess binding of the radioactive component relative to control cells. Surplus of unlabelled lactadherin almost completely inhibited the binding of 99mTc‐HYNIC–lactadherin. Collectively our data indicate that 99mTc‐HYNIC–lactadherin is potentially useful as a new molecular binding tool for the identification of apoptotic cells. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Radiosynthesis of 2‐[6‐chloro‐2‐(4‐iodophenyl)imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridin‐3‐yl]‐N‐ethyl‐N‐[11C]methyl‐acetamide, [11C]CLINME, a novel radioligand for imaging the peripheral benzodiazepine receptors with PET
Authors: Thominiaux C. , Mattner F. , Greguric I. , Boutin H. , Chauveau F. , Kuhnast B. , Grégoire M.‐C. , Loc′h C. , Valette H. , Bottlaender M. , Hantraye Ph. , Tavitian B. , Katsifis A. , Dollé F. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractRecently, a new 2‐(iodophenyl)imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridineacetamide series has been developed as iodine‐123‐labelled radioligands for imaging the peripheral benzodiazepine receptors using single photon emission tomography. Within this series, 2‐[6‐chloro‐2‐(4‐iodophenyl)‐imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridin‐3‐yl]‐N‐ethyl‐N‐methyl‐acetamide (CLINME) was considered as an appropriate candidate for positron emission tomography imaging and was isotopically labelled with carbon‐11 (T1/2: 20.38 min) at the methylacetamide side chain from the corresponding nor‐analogue using [11C]methyl iodide and the following experimental conditions: (1) trapping at −10°C of [11C]methyl iodide in a 1/2 (v:v) mixture of DMSO/DMF (300 µl) containing 0.7–1.0 mg of the precursor for labelling and 3–5 mg of powdered potassium hydroxide (excess); (2) heating the reaction mixture at 110°C for 3 min under a nitrogen stream; (3) diluting the residue with 0.6 ml of the HPLC mobile phase; and (4) purification using semi‐preparative HPLC (Zorbax® SB18, Hewlett Packard, 250 × 9.4 mm). Typically, starting from a 1.5 Ci (55.5 GBq) [11C]CO2 production batch, 120−150 mCi (4.44–5.55 GBq) of [11C]CLINME were obtained (16–23% decay‐corrected radiochemical yield, n=12) within a total synthesis time of 24–27 min (Sep‐pak®Plus‐based formulation included). Specific radioactivities ranged from 0.9 to 2.7 Ci/µmol (33.3–99.9 GBq/µmol) at the end of radiosynthesis. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of 1‐[15N]amino‐2‐propanol hydrochloride
Authors: Iida Katsumi , Ohtaka Kuniaki , Kajiwara Masahiro 
Published: April 2007

Abstract1‐[15N]Amino‐2‐propanol hydrochloride (2) was synthesized in three steps, i.e. Gabriel condensation of potassium [15N]phthalimide (3) with chloroacetone (4), reduction of the product ([15N]phthalimidoacetone (5)) with sodium borohydride, and hydrolysis in 33% total yield from the 15N‐source. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metamorphosis of cinctoblastula larvae (Homoscleromorpha, porifera)
Authors: Ereskovsky Alexander V. , Tokina Daria B. , Bézac Chantal , Boury‐Esnault Nicole 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe metamorphosis of the cinctoblastula of Homoscleromorpha is studied in five species belonging to three genera. The different steps of metamorphosis are similar in all species. The metamorphosis occurs by the invagination and involution of either the anterior epithelium or the posterior epithelium of the larva. During metamorphosis, morphogenetic polymorphism was observed, which has an individual character and does not depend on either external or species specific factors. In the rhagon, the development of the aquiferous system occurs only by epithelial morphogenesis and subsequent differentiation of cells. Mesohylar cells derive from flagellated cells after ingression. The formation of pinacoderm and choanoderm occurs by the differentiation of the larval flagellated epithelium. This is possibly due to the conservation of cell junctions in the external surface of the larval flagellated cells and of the basement membrane in their internal surface. The main difference in homoscleromorph metamorphosis compared with Demospongiae is the persistence of the flagellated epithelium throughout this process and even in the adult since exo‐ and endopinacoderm remain flagellated. The antero‐posterior axis of the larva corresponds to the baso‐apical axis of the adult in Homoscleromorpha. J. Morphol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Visualization of iliac and proximal femoral artery hemodynamics using time‐resolved 3D phase contrast MRI at 3T
Authors: Frydrychowicz Alex , Winterer Jan T. , Zaitsev Maxim , Jung Bernd , Hennig Jürgen , Langer Mathias , Markl Michael 
Published: April 2007

AbstractPurposeTo demonstrate the feasibility of time‐resolved 3D MR velocity mapping at 3 Tesla for the visualization of vascular hemodynamics in normal iliac and femoral arteries.Materials and MethodsElectrocardiographically (ECG) synchronized three‐dimensional (3D) CINE phase‐contrast MRI with three‐directional flow encoding was adapted to analyze flow in peripheral arteries at 3T. Visualization of peripheral arterial hemodynamics within the acquired data volume included 3D streamlines and time‐resolved 3D particle traces within the major vessels and localized analysis of flow profiles using 2D‐vector graphs. Data was visually compared to results from color‐coded duplex ultrasound (US).ResultsGlobal and detailed local blood flow characteristics were successfully analyzed in all subjects. In agreement with US findings, normal laminar flow patterns without flow acceleration or disturbances were visualized in all healthy individuals. In an exemplary patient measurement multiple segmental flow accelerations could be demonstrated. MRI additionally revealed complex helical flow alterations distal to a moderate stenosis.ConclusionDue to the full spatial and temporal coverage of the arteries of interest, 3D CINE phase contrast MRI at 3T is a promising tool for the evaluation of vascular hemodynamics in peripheral arteries. Future methodological improvements will be directed to improve spatial and temporal resolution as well as quantitative data analysis. Moreover, the technique will have to be evaluated in patients in comparison to standard diagnostic tools. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Erratum: The JOB saga continues: chapter three
Authors: Ashkanasy Neal M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAshkanasy, N. M. The JOB saga continues: chapter three. Journal of Organizational Behavior, Volume, 28, 137–139.The above editorial (DOI: 10.1002/job.437) was published in print in February 2007. A number of printing errors were subsequently identified throughout the article:Page 137, line 1: ‘Volume 25’ should read ‘Volume 28’Page 137, line 4: ‘Issue 28’ should read ‘Volume 28’Page 137, line 22: ‘for over 30 years now’ should read ‘for over 30 years’Page 138, line 31: ‘though the JOB’ should read ‘through the JOB’
Causes of variability in the summertime Antarctic boundary‐layer climate
Authors: van As Dirk , van Den Broeke Michel R. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA high‐resolution one‐dimensional atmospheric model is used to assess the contribution of various surface characteristics and external forcings on the structure and dynamics of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) over the Antarctic Plateau in summer. The reference run simulates the boundary layer over a mildly sloping surface (1.5 m km−1) for a clear sky near the end of the Antarctic summer (31 January‐3 February). The ABL depth is approximately 100 m. At night, a low‐level jet forms due to the combined effect of katabatic forcing and an inertial oscillation. During the day a convective mixed layer is present. As expected, the ABL is very sensitive to surface slope; a larger slope forces higher wind speeds and a deeper boundary layer. Over a horizontal surface, a nocturnal jet is also found as a result of the inertial oscillation. A modest change in surface albedo alters the mixed‐layer temperature and the height and strength of the nocturnal jet considerably. Rotating the large‐scale wind relative to the slope direction also has a large impact on ABL depth and structure. The deepest boundary layer and largest wind speed over a northward down‐sloping surface are found for an easterly (cross slope) large‐scale wind, as is typical for Antarctica. A very shallow ABL with low wind speed is found for the opposite large‐scale wind direction. ABL sensitivity to surface roughness was found to be small. For all experiments, the ABL sensitivity is enhanced due to the positive feedback between the cooling of the ABL and katabatic wind speed. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society
Pulsed electromagnetic fields rapidly modulate intracellular signaling events in osteoblastic cells: Comparison to parathyroid hormone and insulin
Authors: Schnoke Matthew , Midura Ronald J. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractPulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) devices are approved for the healing of bone nonunions, but there is a lack of understanding as to their mechanism of action at the cell and molecular level. Intermittent parathyroid hormone (PTH) therapy is currently utilized for treatment of osteoporosis, and is also being investigated for the purpose of augmenting fracture healing. Insulin and IGF‐1 are also thought to play important anabolic roles in osteogenesis. In this report, signaling pathways activated by acute PTH or insulin treatments were compared to those activated by PEMF treatment in osteoblast‐like cells. Some signaling molecules like the extracellular response kinases 1/2 (Erk1/2) and the cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) were activated by insulin and PTH, respectively, but not by PEMF treatment. Other signaling molecules like the insulin receptor substrate‐1 (IRS‐1), the S6 ribosomal subunit kinase, and the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were phosphorylated by PTH, insulin, and PEMF to the same relative extent and within the same time frame. IRS‐1, eNOS, and S6 have been implicated in bone anabolism, and our results suggest that the anabolic effects of PEMF may be mediated, in part, through the activation of these proteins. © 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 25:933–940, 2007
Suppression of plasma contribution in femtosecond degenerate four‐wave mixing (fs‐DFWM) at high intensity
Authors: Rouzée A. , Renard V. , Guérin S. , Faucher O. , Lavorel B. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractFemtosecond degenerate four‐wave mixing (fs‐DFWM) experiments in CO2 exhibit a strong background due to plasma produced at high intensity (≥20 TW/cm2), when significant molecular alignment is likely to arise. This perturbing phenomenon renders the measurements of alignment very difficult. It is shown that the plasma contribution can be avoided by employing perpendicular polarizations for the two pump pulses. The effect is explained on the basis of the different diffraction angles between signals produced by molecular alignment and plasma. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Core–shell nanostructure and its phase transitions in Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 by Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence
Authors: Kesavamoorthy R. , Sivasubramanian V. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractRaman scattering, photoluminescence, X‐ray and dielectric studies were carried out in phase‐pure relaxor ferroelectic Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PMN) polycrystalline sample. Low‐wavenumber Raman scattering (LWRS) from surface acoustic phonon modes in the 5–40 cm−1 range was studied at various temperatures from 25 to 550 °C. These spectra support the hypothesis of the core–shell nanostructure with a 1:1 ordered negatively charged nanocore surrounded by a positively charged nanoshell. These surface acoustic modes exist even up to 550 °C, revealing the existence of the charged core–shell nanostructures, which is well beyond the dissolution temperature of the polar nanoclusters in this material. The diameter of the shell is predicted from the LWRS results as 2.9 nm for a 2 nm core. Optical Raman spectra of PMN from 20 to 1000 cm−1 at 10 and 300 K show overlapping, broad peaks. Deconvolution of the spectrum into 12 modes suggests that they may arise from a 1:1 ordered charged nanocore and polar nanoclusters. Temperature‐dependent photoluminescence (PL) spectra of PMN reveal structural phase transitions in the nanoshell. The temperature behavior of the 1.57, 1.67 and 1.73 eV PL bands indicates a phase transition at 110 K from one crystalline phase to another of the nanoshell. The anomalous behavior of the 1.73 eV band intensity at 210 K is attributed to a transition from the crystalline to the amorphous phase in the nanoshell at 210 K. Thermal quenching of the 1.67 eV PL emission predicts a phonon mode at 1153 cm−1, which is identified in the Raman measurement. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman spectroscopy of optical phonon confinement in nanostructured materials
Authors: Arora Akhilesh K. , Rajalakshmi M. , Ravindran T. R. , Sivasubramanian V. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIf the medium surrounding a nano‐grain does not support the vibrational wavenumbers of a material, the optical and acoustic phonons get confined within the grain of the nanostructured material. This leads to interesting changes in the vibrational spectrum of the nanostructured material as compared to that of the bulk. Absence of periodicity beyond the particle dimension relaxes the zone‐centre optical phonon selection rule, causing the Raman spectrum to have contributions also from phonons away from the Brillouin‐zone centre. Theoretical models and calculations suggest that the confinement results in asymmetric broadening and shift of the optical phonon Raman line, the magnitude of which depends on the widths of the corresponding phonon dispersion curves. This has been confirmed for zinc oxide nanoparticles. Microscopic lattice dynamical calculations of the phonon amplitude and Raman spectra using the bond‐polarizability model suggest a power‐law dependence of the peak‐shift on the particle size. This article reviews recent results on the Raman spectroscopic investigations of optical phonon confinement in several nanocrystalline semiconductor and ceramic/dielectric materials, including those in selenium, cadmium sulphide, zinc oxide, thorium oxide, and nano‐diamond. Resonance Raman scattering from confined optical phonons is also discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An example of the complementarity of laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy and Raman microscopy for wall painting pigments analysis
Authors: Bruder Romain , Detalle Vincent , Coupry Claude 
Published: April 2007

AbstractLaser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and Raman microscopy were used for the identification of pigments in wall painting. Raman spectroscopy, which provides the molecular ‘fingerprint’ of the compound, is nowadays widely used by the archaeometry community, especially for pigment analysis. LIBS, which provides the elementary composition of samples, is a rapid noncontact method, enabling layer‐by‐layer analysis through a precise laser ablation of the sample. This work deals with the behavior of pigments after a LIBS analysis, by trying to identify the compounds before and after the laser shot. Six commercial pigments prepared with the fresco technique were investigated: ultramarine blue, red lead, charcoal, a yellow and a red ochre, and a green earth. Raman spectra, acquired on the sample surface and in the crater induced by LIBS analysis, were compared. The results show that these pigments are well recognized after a LIBS measurement. The analysis of green earth illustrates that the combination of these two techniques gives complete information from a sample. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Monitoring oxidation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Osswald Sebastian , Havel Mickael , Gogotsi Yury 
Published: April 2007

AbstractMultiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were oxidized in air and acids while varying the treatment time and/or temperature. The goal of this approach was to create the highest density of carboxyl groups with moderate sample loss, which is necessary for nanocomposite applications. In situ Raman experiments allowed real‐time observation of the structural changes in MWCNTs upon oxidation. The ratio of the Raman intensities of the D and G bands was used to estimate the concentration of defects. It was found that while an oxidation for 6 h in H2SO4/HNO3 provided the strongest effect, a ‘flash oxidation’ in air (15 min at 550 °C) also leads to an efficient functionalization in a cost‐effective and environmentally friendly way. Transmission electron microscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and electrophoretic mobility analysis were used to study the oxidized nanotubes. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman spectroscopy and molecular simulation investigations of adsorption on the surface of single‐walled carbon nanotubes and nanospheres
Authors: Amer Maher S. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractRaman spectroscopy has, for long, been utilized to investigate material systems on the micro and mesoscales. Recently, the technique has proven its ability in exploring systems on the nanoscale. In this paper, we review our recent work on the Raman investigation of molecular adsorption from liquid mixtures on surfaces of single‐walled carbon nanotubes and fullerene nanospheres, emphasizing the following major research findings: the development of a Raman‐based technique capable of sensing local chemical interactions on the surface of carbon nanotubes and spheres; the molecular simulation results supporting the Raman investigation; the possibility of creating mesostructures based upon mixtures of carbon nanotubes and nanospheres that are crucial for selective adsorption. The current findings represent a major new thrust for the development of new nanostructured materials with superior adsorption capabilities and unique applications. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polarizability calculation of vibrating nanoparticles for intensity of low wavenumber Raman scattering
Authors: Murray Daniel B. , Netting Caleb H. , Mercer Robin D. , Saviot Lucien 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA new numerical method is introduced for calculating the polarizability of an arbitrary dielectric object with position‐dependent complex permittivity. The intended application of this is when the permittivity function depends on the instantaneous distortion of a vibrating nanoparticle. Three separate numerical approaches are provided to calculate the dipole moment of a nanoparticle embedded in a dielectric matrix in the presence of an applied electric field. Numerical tests confirm the accuracy of this method when applied to several cases for which an exact solution is available. This method is especially well suited for the calculation of absolute Raman scattering intensities due to acoustic phonons in metallic and dielectric nanoparticles embedded in transparent matrices. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Time‐resolved coherent Raman and sum‐frequency generation spectroscopy with wavelength‐tunable, short‐pulse, photonic‐crystal fiber light sources
Authors: Zheltikov A. M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractPhotonic‐crystal fibers deliver frequency‐tunable radiation within the wavelength range stretching from the ultraviolet to the near‐infrared with output pulse widths from tens of femtoseconds to a few picoseconds and peak powers from a few watts to several megawatts, suggesting a convenient, efficient, and compact fiber format of short‐pulse sources for time‐resolved nonlinear spectroscopy and microscopy. Here, we examine the potential of photonic‐crystal fiber light sources for time‐resolved studies of ultrafast population and coherence relaxation dynamics in molecular systems using coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering and two‐photon‐resonant sum‐frequency generation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dual‐pump CARS measurements of N2, H2 and CO in a partially premixed flame
Authors: Weikl Markus C. , Seeger Thomas , Hierold Ruth , Leipertz Alfred 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA three‐laser, dual‐pump coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) technique for the simultaneous detection of nitrogen, carbon monoxide and hydrogen has been developed and tested. Hydrogen Q‐branch lines were used for the determination of relative hydrogen concentrations, which offers a much wider range of detectivity in contrast to approaches in which S‐branch transitions are used. Consequently, hydrogen concentrations could be measured over a whole range of temperatures, from room air to a flame. Measurements were taken in a heated cell and in a partially premixed propane/air flame. Measurements in the cell were in good agreement with theoretical spectral calculations. From measurements in the flame, the relative concentrations of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, which were generated as intermediate species, could be determined. Furthermore, diffusion effects of hydrogen could be observed with the presented approach. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.