bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De l’histoire conceptuelle à la pensée critique
Authors: Matonti Frédérique 
Published: March 2024

La réception des œuvres de Quentin Skinner a été lente et demeure partielle. Ce sont d’abord les tenants d’une « histoire conceptuelle du politique » autour de Pierre Rosanvallon et François Furet qui se sont intéressés à lui dès sa première invitation à l’EHESS à la fin des années 1980 ; puis, avec l’accueil par Pierre Bourdieu au Collège de France dix ans plus tard, ce sont plutôt les tenants d’une histoire sociale (de l’art ou des idées politiques) qui s’en sont emparés. Deux programmes de recherche qui sont alors concurrents, comme le révèlent leurs appellation (conceptuelle/sociale), mais aussi les prises de positions dans les espaces académiques et politiques de ceux qui les portent. En réalité, comme l’enquête tend à le montrer, c’est parmi les philosophes ou auprès de chercheurs passés par la philosophie que les travaux de Skinner ont été le plus discutés, y compris parfois de manière très virulente, notamment autour de sa lecture de Hobbes, et parce qu’ils fournissaient également une alternative à une définition de la République présente dans les controverses politico-intellectuelles françaises dès la fin des années 1980. C’est autour de cette triple réception, prise comme trois moments et trois usages possibles de Skinner en France que s’organise cet article étayé sur l’analyse de contenu des textes de Skinner et de ceux qui les mobilisent, sur des entretiens et des archives.
Autour du commun et de la communauté chez Hegel
Authors: Tortorella Sabina 
Published: March 2024

Cette contribution aborde la notion de commun et de communauté chez Hegel au prisme du débat contemporain autour des communs afin de mettre en relief l’importance que recouvrent ces notions au sein des Principes de la philosophie du droit et d’en montrer l’actualité. Dans un premier temps, l’article se penche sur la conception hégélienne de la propriété, notamment sur les caractéristiques et les limites de la propriété privée et de la propriété commune. Ensuite, il s’intéresse à la société civile comprise comme le lieu par excellence de ce qui est commun dans la mesure où elle comprend un ensemble de pratiques sociales produites spontanément et d’institutions sociales qui ont pour tâche de prendre soin du bien collectif. Enfin, la contribution s’attache à montrer que pour Hegel le bien commun s’inscrit au sein de ce qu’il appelle le « Bien vivant », expression qu’il emploie pour définir « l’idée de liberté » qui caractérise l’éthicité.
Revisiter sa trajectoire académique
Authors: Lagrave Rose-Marie 
Published: March 2024

En dépit des données statistiques de l’après-guerre soulignant les faibles chances scolaires des enfants issus de famille nombreuse et du milieu rural, mon accès au lycée en tant que boursière confirme la double fonction d’un système scolaire qui promeut certains élèves triés sur le volet et se détourne des autres, en sorte qu’il n’existe pas de miraculé scolaire. Étudiante à la Sorbonne et salariée, puis mère, le succès aux examens est le résultat d’arrangements entre les nécessités matérielles d’une part et un « bachotage » incessant de l’autre ; une tension allégée par le soutien d’un certain nombre d’allié·es et de collectifs promouvant l’ascension socioprofessionnelle. L’entrée à l’EHESS par la petite porte me classe dans les régions les plus basses de la hiérarchie des centres, tout en m’assurant une transition sociale ascendante, qui, à un moment donné, devient irréversible. Contre une vision de l’individu faiseur de soi et de son destin, mon parcours académique, qui présente la matrice de ma migration sociale, atteste du fait que devenir transfuge de classe résulte d’une construction collective.
Effect of Silybum Marianum on Reduction of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neurotoxicity with Cisplatin
Authors: Gholami Ali Haji , Ansari Hourieh , Dadkhah Adeleh 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN) is one of the major complications of chemotherapy regimens commonly used in the treatment of solid and hematologic cancers. Given the high incidence of CIPN in antitumor therapies in patients and limited studies on antioxidants, this study was aimed to investigate the effect of Silybum marianum (SM) on cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy.

Materials and Methods:
This double-blind randomized clinical trial study was performed on 60 cancer patients treated with cisplatin chemotherapy at Seyyed-o-Shohada Hospital of Isfahan during 2019–2020. The patients were divided into two parallel groups as intervention (treated by SM) and placebo, and DN4 (Douleur neuropathique 4 questions) and CIPNAT (chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy assessment tool) were completed for patients in the before and after intervention groups and compared between the two groups.

Results:
The mean of DN4 score in the before and after study in the intervention group was in 1.76 ± 1.24 and 2.07 ± 2.03, respectively (P = 0.38), and in the control group was 1.41 ± 1.28 ± 3.11 ± 2.86, respectively (P = 0.012). The mean CIPNAT score in the intervention groups was 5.93 ± 3.65 and 4.20 ± 3.23 (P = 0.01), and in the control group was 4.20 ± 4.22 and 4.16 ± 4.03 (P = 0.39).

Conclusion:
Based on our data, SM is an effective agent in reducing peripheral neuropathy. The use of SM was associated with decreased scores of peripheral neuropathy and was helpful in patients undergoing chemotherapy with cisplatin.
The evolution of Alzheimer’s disease therapies: A comprehensive review
Authors: Paul Pritama , Bhattacharjee Abhishek , Bordoloi Susanta Kumar , Paul Uttam Kumar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Alzheimer`s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease which accounts for most of the cases of dementia. The progression of the disease cannot be fully controlled by current medications, nor do they produce adequate therapeutic results. Understanding the molecular and cellular alterations linked to AD pathogenesis has advanced significantly in recent decades. Amyloid-peptide-containing cerebral plaques and thread-like neuronal structures made of the microtubule-associated protein TAU are two pathogenic features of the condition. Therefore, inhibiting amyloid formation, aggregation, or subsequent neurotoxic events is the primary goal of therapeutic drug development. Here, some newer therapeutic modalities are described, including anti-amyloid therapy, anti-tau therapy, antineuroinflammatory therapy, neuroprotective agents including N-methyl-
d
-aspartate (NMDA) receptor modulators, and brain stimulation. Drug repositioning may speed up the development of pharmaceuticals, but non-pharmacological therapies, particularly repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), also have the potential to be used in therapeutic settings. Here we discussed current symptomatic therapy for AD as well as novel prospective disease-modifying medicines that are presently being investigated in phase I–III trials in this review. The study emphasizes how taking into account the intricate nature of AD pathogenesis and investigating drug repurposing strategies which can open the door to the creation of innovative AD therapies.
Determination of Frequency of Type 2 Deiodinase Thr92Ala Polymorphism (rs225014) in 131I-treated Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients Undertaking L-thyroxine (L-T4) Suppression Therapy
Authors: Gawandi Smita , Jothivel Kumarasamy , Kulkarni Savita 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
Type 2 deiodinase (DIO2) enzyme plays a vital role in peripheral T4 to T3 conversion and in the negative feedback regulation of pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion. Thr92Ala polymorphism (rs225014) is a common single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) that lowers DIO2 activity and is associated with diverse physiological disorders. Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients are given L-T4 therapy after total thyroidectomy and 131I treatment to suppress TSH levels.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of rs225014 in DTC patients and to investigate its effect on the thyroid function tests (TFTs) and L-T4 dose required to suppress TSH levels.

Materials and Methods:
The study included a DTC patient group and a control group. TFTs were estimated by RIA/IRMA kits. Genomic DNA of all the subjects was screened for rs225014 SNP by polymerase chain reaction.

Results:
The frequency of Thr/Thr (wild type), Thr/Ala (heterozygous mutant), and Ala/Ala (homozygous mutant) genotypes in the DTC patients’ group was 0.21, 0.52, and 0.27, respectively. T3 levels and T3/T4 ratio were significantly low in the Ala/Ala genotype in the DTC group indicating impaired DIO2 activity. L-T4 dose requirement to suppress TSH levels in the DTC patients harboring rs225014 SNP was not statistically different from the wild-type genotype.

Conclusion:
The SNP rs225014 was observed to be associated with T3 and T3/T4 ratio but not with the L-T4 dose in DTC harboring SNP suggesting the presence of a compensatory pathway to overcome DIO2 impairment. However, it is essential to study the genetic makeup of DTC patients showing reduced response to TSH suppression to enable quicker decision-making in the implementation of personalized L-T4 dose to prevent any adverse effects.
Technetium-99m Methoxyisobutyl Isonitrile Stress MPI in Suspected Coronary Artery Disease Patients: A Prospective Study to Evaluate Clinical Significance of Adenosine-induced ECG Changes
Authors: Valaiyapathy N C , Rallapeta Ramya Priya , Hemalatha D S , Mohan VS Krishna , Rajasekhar D , Kalawat Tekchand 
Published: March 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the adenosine pharmacological stress-induced electrocardiogram (ECG) changes and their association with stress-induced ischemic defects on myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) in the evaluation of coronary artery disease (CAD) and to evaluate event-free survival among patients with positive and negative ECG/MPS image findings.

Methods:
A total of 100 patients were examined using stress MPS from March 2020 to August 2021. Stress-induced ECG changes during adenosine infusion were evaluated. The summed stress score (SSS) was evaluated to identify ischemic defects in myocardium. Association of stress ECG changes and scintigraphic results was evaluated.

Results:
Out of 100 patients, stress ECG changes during adenosine infusion were seen among 34 patients, whereas 66 patients had normal ECG findings. Positive stress MPS findings with SSS >3 were seen in 22 patients, whereas 78 patients had SSS ≤3. There was no agreement between stress ECG changes and MPS findings with Cohen’s kappa coefficient (κ) = −0.023, whereas there was mild agreement between stress ECG changes and SSS >7 with κ = 0.105. Median follow-up of 11 months showed more events among patients with positive ECG changes than negative ECG changes.

Conclusion:
Adenosine, pharmacological stress is safe to use, but few patients might experience some minor and transient symptoms. Adenosine may induce ECG changes in patients with or without positive MPS findings. Patients with concordant positive findings need aggressive cardiac care, whereas patients with small or no defects on MPS need close monitoring.
Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Treatment Using Posterior Pedicle Screw Fixation and Autogenous Bulk Iliac Bone Graft Fusion
Authors: Chen Cao , Tang Yongdong , He Bin , Xiao Hui , Zhu Changbao 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Thoracolumbar vertebral fracture is the most common type of thoracolumbar vertebral fracture. For the patients with severe thoracolumbar vertebral burst fracture and neurological impairment, surgical decompression and reconstruction of spinal stability is an important intervention method, however, there is still controversy on the way of postoperative stability reconstruction.

Objective:
This study was to investigate the efffcacy of posterior open reduction, pedicle screw ffxation, and autogenous iliac bone graft fusion in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures with neurological impairment.

Methods:
The clinical data of 43 patients with thoracolumbar single vertebral burst fracture with neurological function injury treated in our department from January 2016 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score of lumbothoracic pain, the occupying rate of spinal canal, the ratio of the anterior height of the injured vertebral body to the normal height, Cobb angle, and the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) classiffcation of neurological function were compared before and after operation. All patients completed the procedure successfully. Results: Bone graft fusion was achieved in all patients, and no screw or rod was broken. The VAS score of thoracolumbar pain, the ratio of the anterior height of the injured vertebral body to the normal height, and the Cobb angle were signiffcantly lower than those before operation at 1 and 12 months after operation (P < 0.001). There was no signiffcant difference in the VAS score of thoracolumbar pain, the ratio of the anterior height of the injured vertebral body to the normal height, and the Cobb angle between 1 and 12 months after operation. The occupying rate of spinal canal 6 months after operation was lower than that before operation (12.02% ±7.35% vs. 46.98% ±9.26%), and the difference was statistically signiffcant (t = 20.066, P < 0.05). There was a signiffcant difference in ASIA classiffcation of neurological function between 12 months after operation and before operation (Z = −5.372, P < 0.001). The neurological function was signiffcantly improved 12 months after operation.

Conclusion:
Reconstruction of vertebral lamina with iliac bone graft is an effective method for the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures, which can reduce the loss of vertebral height and recurrent kyphosis and avoid the neurological impairment caused by secondary spinal stenosis.
Comparison of Variability in duration of Aluminum-induced Neurodegeneration and Treatment with Ficus religiosa Leaf Extract in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Massand Amit , Rai Rajalakshmi , Rai Ashwin R. , Rao Gayathri , Jiji P. J. , Murlimanju BV 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
Aluminum (Al) is a known neurotoxic which is found in air, food and utensils, medicinal preparations, etc., Ficus religiosa (FR) is known as the peepal tree which is worshipped by people at large and has many medicinal importance. The objective of the study is to compare the Al groups of different durations and the treatment groups with FR leaf extract in male Wistar rats.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, we have taken seven groups of male albino Wistar rats, six in each. Group 1 was normal control group. Groups 2 and 3 were induced groups and Groups 4–7 are treated groups. On the last day of treatment, the brain of the animals was removed, and histology slides were prepared, and viable neurons were counted using software. For behavioral analysis, the passive avoidance test was carried out. Here, the treated Groups 4 and 5 are the groups in which the leaf extract of FR was given after treating with Al for 25 days and for Groups 6 and 7, given after treating with Al for 45 days. The comparison of different durations of the Al groups and treated groups was carried out based on neuronal count in CA3 region of hippocampus.

Results:
We have observed the neurodegeneration in all regions of hippocampus including dentate gyrus, but mainly, the neurodegeneration was observed in CA3 region of hippocampus. In both the parameters, there was no significant difference observed in terms of change of duration of Al (P > 0.05). The neurodegeneration observed in both Al groups was the same. The effect of treatment was observed a similar improvement in all treated groups even after in change in duration of Al (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Aluminium induced neurodegeneration in rat’s brain in both higher and lower duration and in both cases Ficus religiosa treated effectively against neurotoxicity of Al.
Coffee and the Brain: A Comprehensive Review of Its Neurological and Psychiatric Effects
Authors: Pareek Varun , Shah Saksham , Sharma Beena , Kumar Susheel , Sharma Lokendra 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Coffee intake is a popular and widespread habit worldwide, with many individuals relying on it for its stimulating effects on cognitive function and mood. However, coffee’s neurologic and psychiatric effects have been the subject of debate among researchers and health-care professionals. This review essay aims to synthesize the existing literature on the topic to understand better the relationship between coffee intake and neurologic and psychiatric outcomes. A systematic search of the PubMed database was conducted to identify relevant research articles published between 2005 and 2022. The search terms included “coffee,” “neurologic,” “psychiatric,” “cognitive,” “mood,” and “depression.” Studies were included if they examined the effects of coffee intake on neurologic or psychiatric outcomes, were published in English, and were conducted on human participants. A total of 29 studies were included in the final review. The studies reviewed in this essay provide evidence for coffee intake’s neurologic and psychiatric effects. Caffeine, the essential psychoactive compound in coffee, is known to have stimulating effects on the central nervous system. It has also been shown to improve cognitive function and attention by blocking adenosine receptors in the brain, leading to increased activity in the prefrontal cortex. Several studies have demonstrated that moderate coffee intake can enhance cognitive function, particularly in older adults. In addition, the consumption of coffee has been implicated with a reduced risk of depression, as well as a lower risk of developing Parkinson’s disease. In conclusion, coffee intake positively affects cognitive functioning and mood, particularly in moderation. However, further research is required to understand the mechanisms behind these effects and determine the optimal coffee intake for neurologic and psychiatric benefits. In addition, future research should explore the potential adverse effects of excessive coffee intake, such as anxiety and sleep disturbances, to inform safe coffee intake recommendations for individuals. Overall, this review essay provides valuable insight into the neurologic and psychiatric effects of the consumption of coffee and highlights the need for further research in this field.
Assessment of Risk Prediction Using Edmonton Frail Scale and European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II among Older Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery in a Tertiary Care Hospital in India
Authors: Ganesh Alka , Ramanath Pavithra , Padmanabhan Chandrasekar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
The risk assessment for outcomes of older people undergoing cardiac surgery employ scales such as the Euro-Score II, and STS (Society for Thoracic Surgeons), which use clinical and laboratory data. Some studies have suggested a lower accuracy in older patients. Frailty assessment, using functional parameters, has shown promise in this age group. The aim of this study is to compare the validity of risk prediction of Euro-score II, with the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS), in older patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Methods:
This was a prospective, observational study of a cohort of patients above 60 years scheduled for elective CABG in a single centre. The patients were graded on the Euro-Score II scale and the EFS scales. The primary outcome of 30th day mortality, and the secondary outcome of immediate post-operative complications during hospitalization were recorded.

Results:
A total of 487 patients were recruited. The mean age was 68 years. Male subjects comprised 81.1% of the study group. Classification of risk as per the EFS placed 76.3 % as low risk, 23.4% as intermediate, and none were considered to be high risk. The EuroScore II classification placed 86% in the intermediate and high risk groups. The AUC in the ROC (receiver operator curve) for the EFS was 0.793 and for the and EuroScoreII it was 0.752. The 30th day mortality threshold fit occurred at 5/6 score for both EuroScore II and EFS. Euroscore- II sensitivity/specificity was 66.7%/75.1% respectively. The EFS had a sensitivity of 66.7% and a specificity of 77.1%. The ROC curves for the secondary outcomes were not significant.

Conclusion:
Both scales are of modest value in predicting short-term mortality in older patients, and require further refinements for improving clinical decision-making in the individual patient.
C1–C2 Transarticular Screw with Sublaminar Wiring for Reducible Atlantoaxial Dislocation: Operative Technique and Surgical Nuances
Authors: Ahamed T. P. Waseem , Kumar Ashutosh , Shukla Abhishek , Raiyani Vandan , Sasapardhi Sudhir Bisan , Bhaisora Kamlesh Singh , Srivastava Arun Kumar , Kumar Raj 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Transarticular screw provides rigid C1 C2 fixation. It is associated with robust implant construct and high fusion rates. Combining sublaminar wiring provides rigid three point fixation. This technique can be safely considered in reducible AAD where a wide C2 isthmus along with a normal Vertebral artery course is present. Authors describe the technique in detail with indications, benefits over other similar procedures, short falls and detailed operative steps. “Pearls and Pitfalls” adds a fresh perspective to this less often considered procedure.