bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncovering Flat and Hierarchical Topics by Community Discovery on Word Co-occurrence Network
Authors: Austin Eric , Makwana Shraddha , Trabelsi Amine , Largeron Christine , Zaïane Osmar R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTopic modeling aims to discover latent themes in collections of text documents. It has various applications across fields such as sociology, opinion analysis, and media studies. In such areas, it is essential to have easily interpretable, diverse, and coherent topics. An efficient topic modeling technique should accurately identify flat and hierarchical topics, especially useful in disciplines where topics can be logically arranged into a tree format. In this paper, we propose Community Topic, a novel algorithm that exploits word co-occurrence networks to mine communities and produces topics. We also evaluate the proposed approach using several metrics and compare it with usual baselines, confirming its good performances. Community Topic enables quick identification of flat topics and topic hierarchy, facilitating the on-demand exploration of sub- and super-topics. It also obtains good results on datasets in different languages.
Unlocking the Digital Toolbox — A Mixed Methods Survey of New Zealand Mental Health Clinicians’ Knowledge, Use and Attitudes Towards Digital Mental Health Interventions
Authors: Rawnsley Catherine , Stasiak Karolina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo assess New Zealand mental health clinicians and trainees’ knowledge, usage patterns, and attitudes towards digital mental health tools and their potential role in clinical practice. Participants recruited through professional organisations and training programs completed an online survey (August 2021 to February 2022). Eligible participants included Registered Health Professionals working in mental health or those enrolled in relevant training programs. The survey explored their knowledge, use of digital interventions, and perspectives on incorporating digital tools into clinical practice. Quantitative responses were summarised for the entire sample, and free-text responses regarding perceived benefits and concerns were coded to establish their relative importance. One hundred forty-four people started the survey and a total of 118 participants (77% female, 68% NZ European) completed it. Key findings indicated that 81% of the respondents had used digital tools, 65% rated their knowledge as moderate or higher, and 86% expressed interest in utilising digital tools. The primary advantages included ease of access and empowerment for clients, while concerns centred around the digital divide and the threat that digital tools may be used to replace traditional services. Clinicians demand more support and training including access to locally accredited tools. Blended (digital interwoven with in-person) support was highly favoured too. New Zealand mental health clinicians generally hold favourable views towards digital tools, with a significant proportion already trying them in their clinical practice. Clinicians are wary of digital approaches exacerbating existing inequities and want free of charge, secure, user-friendly, and evidence-based tools.
Animal studies on glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and related polyagonists in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Tsiampali Chara , Vachliotis Ilias D. , Goulas Antonis , Polyzos Stergios A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent metabolic liver disease closely associated with the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but without licensed pharmacological treatment to date. As glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are approved anti-diabetic and anti-obesity medications, they were also considered a potential therapeutic option for NAFLD. Preclinical studies suggest that GLP-1RAs have a beneficial effect on major NAFLD histological outcomes, i.e., hepatic steatosis and inflammation, through multiple intrahepatic mechanisms, including increased fatty acid β-oxidation, activation of autophagy, suppression of inflammation, and oxidative stress. Data on hepatic fibrosis are limited or inconclusive, although some studies reported improvement in indices of fibrosis or prevention of fibrosis initiation or reduction of collagen deposition. Whether the positive impact of GLP-1RAs on hepatic histology is indirect, i.e., through their action on extrahepatic tissues, or whether their action is direct, i.e., through activating GLP-1R on the hepatocytes, is still a controversial issue. Alongside GLP-1RAs, newly emerging peptide polyagonists (i.e., synthetic molecules that combine the amino acid sequences of more than one peptide, thus having the ability to bind more than one receptor) are now being investigated in NAFLD with high expectations. This review summarizes the existing knowledge derived from animal studies on the effects of GLP-1RAs and GLP-1RA related peptide polyagonists on NAFLD in an attempt to illuminate areas of uncertainty and provide the groundwork for future animal and clinical research in the field.
Understanding the Relationship between Urban Public Space and Social Cohesion: A Systematic Review
Authors: Qi Jie , Mazumdar Suvodeep , Vasconcelos Ana C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPublic space serves as opportunities for everyday engagement including cultural activities and social interactions. The co-presence of diverse groups and activities is seen as an important building block of social cohesion. This review synthesised the empirical evidence to understand the relationship between public space and social cohesion. Databases searched included Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed with the inclusion of peer reviewed articles published in English, between 2000 and 2023 (till 22nd February 2023). A total of 63 published studies were identified. A variety of physical aspects of different public spaces was found to potentially encourage social interaction and cohesion, i.e., accessibility, mixed land use, presence of street furniture, etc. Furthermore, such impact was found to be affected by a range of sociodemographic factors, for example ethnicity, age, and length of residence, and perceptual factors such as safety perception, visual perceptions, and place attachment. Overall, research exploring the relationship between public space and social cohesion has occurred within disciplinary silos, posing a significant challenge in conceptualising this relationship. The recognition of these findings bridges the research effort in understanding the social mechanism between people and space across research agendas including urban design and planning, sociology, environmental psychology, public health, and human geography. We describe future work in studying the intangible aspects of urban space in the directions of assessing the social performance of public space and devising interventions to promote social interaction and foster social cohesion.
Optimization of a Horizontal Washing Machine Suspension System: Studying a 7 DOF Dynamic Model Using a Genetic Algorithm Through a Bounding Box Fitness Function
Authors: Mendoza-Flores Shair , Velázquez-Villegas Fernando , Cuenca-Jiménez Francisco 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study addresses the optimization process of a horizontal washing machine suspension modeled after a dynamic 7 DOF model.

Methodology
A dynamical model of a horizontal washing machine is built. A simple genetic algorithm is applied to determine the optimal parameters for damping, stiffness, and position of the suspension elements by minimizing the weighted fitness function. The fitness function uses the bounding box to enclose the kinematic data of the washing machine mass center and minimize them. Finally, the Bode diagrams were used to evaluate the general aspect of the genetic algorithm performance.

Results and Conclusions
The results show remarkable improvements in the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the center of mass of the washing machine, drastically reducing vibrations and reducing the time needed to reach the final spin speed.
Corner cutting accuracy for thin-walled CFRPC parts using HS-WEDM
Authors: AbouHawa Mohamed , Eissa Abeer 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCarbon Fiber-Reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite parts with thin-walled corners are in great demand in aircraft, cars, and precision instruments. Nonetheless, the fabrication of these parts is difficult due to their low stiffness. High-speed WEDM is an advanced technique for cutting thin CFRP components as it is a non-contact method for removing materials. Nonetheless, testing results demonstrate an unavoidable deformation in the thin-walled corners of the CFRP composite. The objective of this study is to improve the accuracy of corners in thin-walled CFRP composite parts. The research utilized a Taguchi L16 orthogonal array to investigate the influence of various process parameters, including pulse-on duration (Pon), pulse-off duration (Poff), and input current (I), as well as the parameter CFRP plate thickness (T), on corner inaccuracy. The CFRP thickness varied between 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mm, and the corner angles examined were 30°, 60°, 90°, and 120°. Additionally, a second-order polynomial regression model was used to determine the correlation between the process parameters and corner inaccuracy at various corner angles. Also, a multi-response optimization technique using a composite desirability coupled with a generalized reduced gradient were used to find the optimal process combination across various CFRP thicknesses. According to the research findings, the most relevant process parameters impacting corner accuracy at different angles were the pulse-on duration and input current. To achieve accurate corners with different angles, the optimal process parameters were identified: Pon (40µs), Poff (15µs), and I (4A) for CFRP thicknesses 0.5 and 1.0mm, and Pon (45μs), Poff (30μs), and I (2A) for thicknesses 1.5 and 2.0mm.
Fast Reconfiguration Maneuvers of a Micro-satellite Constellation Based on a Hybrid Rocket Engine
Authors: Sannino Antonio , Mungiguerra Stefano , Cassese Sergio , Savino Raffaele , Fedele Alberto , Natalucci Silvia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this work, the formation flight of the CubeSat cluster RODiO (Radar for Earth Observation by synthetic aperture DIstributed on a cluster of CubeSats equipped with high-technology micro-propellers for new Operative services) with respect to a small satellite in LEO (Low Earth Orbit) has been analyzed. RODiO is an innovative mission concept funded by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) in the context of the Alcor program. The small satellite is equipped with an antenna that allows it to function as a transmitter, whereas RODiO functions as a receiver. The extension of the virtual SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) antenna can be achieved by establishing an along-track baseline performing an orbital coplanar maneuver. Another interesting scenario is the possibility to create a cross-track baseline performing an inclination change maneuver. Such formation reconfiguration maneuvers can be achieved in relatively short times only by use of a high-thrust propulsion system, i.e., based on conventional chemical technologies. From the study of maneuvers, it is possible to identify the required ∆V (order of magnitude of 10 m/s), which represents an input parameter for the design of propulsion system. Among the different kinds of propulsion systems, a Hybrid Rocket Engine was chosen. Based on the previous experience acquired by Department of Industrial Engineering (University of Naples Federico II), the preliminary design of the thrust chamber for a Hybrid Rocket Engine based on Hydrogen Peroxide (91 wt%) of the 10 N-class could be carried out, whose dimensions meet the compactness requirements of the CubeSat (1.5 U, 2 kg).
An updated review on how biochar may possess potential in soil ARGs control on aspects of source, fate and elimination
Authors: Li Haibo , Lin Ying , Qin Xiaofei , Song Liuyu , Fan Fuhao , Liu Yang , Li Sihan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe global environmental issue of soil contamination with antibiotic-resistance genes has garnered increased attention in recent years due to its impact on ecosystems and human health. Despite this recognition, researchers face challenges in comprehensively understanding the mechanisms underlying the production and dissemination of soil resistance genes, particularly in relation to their implications for human health. This lack of understanding poses a barrier to the development of effective and precise control strategies. Biochar, a sustainable material, exhibits favorable adsorption properties characterized by its large pores and specific surface area. Therefore, we propose to explore the potential application of biochar addition in soil resistance gene management. In order to establish a solid research foundation in this area, in this paper we review the mechanisms underlying the generation and accumulation of soil resistance genes over the last decade, along with their transmission pathways and interfacial interactions. Biochar may help repair soil resistance genes by affecting factors like antibiotic levels, environmental conditions, enzymatic activity, and gene migration mechanisms, opening up new research possibilities.
Graphical Abstract
Performance Optimization Across the Edge-Cloud Continuum: A Multi-agent Rollout Approach for Cloud-Native Application Workload Placement
Authors: Soumplis Polyzois , Kontos Georgios , Kokkinos Panagiotis , Kretsis Aristotelis , Barrachina-Muñoz Sergio , Nikbakht Rasoul , Baranda Jorge , Payaró Miquel , Mangues-Bafalluy Josep , Varvarigos Emmanuel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe advancements in virtualization technologies and distributed computing infrastructures have sparked the development of cloud-native applications. This is grounded in the breakdown of a monolithic application into smaller, loosely connected components, often referred to as microservices, enabling enhancements in the application’s performance, flexibility, and resilience, along with better resource utilization. When optimizing the performance of cloud-native applications, specific demands arise in terms of application latency and communication delays between microservices that are not taken into consideration by generic orchestration algorithms. In this work, we propose mechanisms for automating the allocation of computing resources to optimize the service delivery of cloud-native applications over the edge-cloud continuum. We initially introduce the problem’s Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) formulation. Given the potentially overwhelming execution time for real-sized problems, we propose a greedy algorithm, which allocates resources sequentially in a best-fit manner. To further improve the performance, we introduce a multi-agent rollout mechanism that evaluates the immediate effect of decisions but also leverages the underlying greedy heuristic to simulate the decisions anticipated from other agents, encapsulating this in a Reinforcement Learning framework. This approach allows us to effectively manage the performance–execution time trade-off and enhance performance by controlling the exploration of the Rollout mechanism. This flexibility ensures that the system remains adaptive to varied scenarios, making the most of the available computational resources while still ensuring high-quality decisions.
Scattering problems for the wave equation in 1D: D’Alembert-type representations and a reconstruction method
Authors: Kalimeris Konstantinos , Mindrinos Leonidas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe derive the extension of the classical d’Alembert formula for the wave equation, which provides the analytical solution for the direct scattering problem for a medium with constant refractive index. Analogous formulae exist already in the literature, but in the current work this is derived in a natural way for general incident field, by employing results obtained via the Fokas method. This methodology is further extended to a medium with piecewise constant refractive index, providing the apparatus for the solution of the associated inverse scattering problem. Hence, we provide an exact reconstruction method which is also valid for phaseless data.
Can Wuwei and Ziran Authorise Anticipation?: Death, Desire, and Autonomy in the Zhuangzi
Authors: Jalalum Mark Antony 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe concept of anticipation, on the one hand, has received a considerable treatment in classical phenomenology, particularly in Husserl. The Zhuangzi, on the other hand, has not been explored with the help of Husserl’s concept of anticipation. Broadly construed, anticipation, due to its association with robust proclivity to seeing and conjuring up possibilities issuing from a phenomenon, shall have no place in the Zhuangzi. Against such backdrop, I argue that—albeit the Zhuangzi does not develop an explicit discourse on anticipation—a delimited form of anticipation (‘d-anticipation’), that is, one which is inspired by Husserl’s concept of anticipation evident in his genetic phenomenology, can work in concert with the thoughts articulated in the Zhuangzi. I demonstrate this via examining death, desire, and freedom evident in the Zhuangzi. That ‘d-anticipation’ can work in concert with the thoughts articulated in the Zhuangzi can be apprehended in a variety of ways. Firstly, it can be seen in our natural response to death and the way in which we handle desires. Secondly, it points to Zhuangzi’s reductionistic manner of appreciating the richness of reality. Thirdly, it offers a way in which we can live life according to our nature. Fourthly, it points to an exercise of freedom which opens up the possibility of transcending conventional standards. Fifthly, it is inherently constitutive of the process of comportment with the Dao. Finally, it is in essence constitutive of a phenomenon or circumstance. In setting out to demonstrate these contentions, I seek to show that ‘d-anticipation’ can fill in a lacuna brought about by the negative appraisal of anticipation in the Zhuangzi and can assume a pivotal role in one’s comportment with the Dao.
The ethical implications of Chatbot developments for conservation expertise
Authors: Sworna Zarrin Tasnim , Urzedo Danilo , Hoskins Andrew J , Robinson Catherine J 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chatbots have emerged as a potent artificial intelligence (AI) tool for expediting expert knowledge, including evidence used for conservation research and practices. While digital technologies can support the curation and analysis of vast amounts of conservation datasets to inform best practices, AI-driven solutions raise ethical concerns around what source of evidence is used or not. This paper examines the ethical issues around sources, biases, and representation of conservation evidence formulated by chatbots. We interviewed two versions of ChatGPT, GPT-3.5-turbo and GPT-4, regarding knowledge available for ecological restoration and analysed 40,000 answers. Our results show that these chatbot developments are expanding the inclusion of diverse data sources and improving the accuracy of the responses. However, these technical developments do not necessarily imply ethical considerations in terms of fair representation and unbiased inclusion of diverse knowledge offered by different sources of expertise. While the updated model expands the descriptions ofgeographical locations and organizations, there remain limitations regarding equitable representation of different expertise and stakeholders. The updated version of GPT still relies heavily on evidence from high-income countries (88%), North American expertise (67%), and male academics (46%) with limited contributions from minority groups, such as Indigenous organizations (10%) and low-income countries (2%). In conclusion, the ethical implications within generative AI reveal the crucial requirement of human-centered negotiations to consider how knowledge practices are legitimized and embedded in the development and use of chatbots.
Measuring regulatory barriers using annual reports of firms
Authors: Ge Haosen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExisting studies show that regulation is a major barrier to global economic integration. Nonetheless, identifying and measuring regulatory barriers remains a challenging task for scholars. I propose a novel approach to quantify regulatory barriers at the country-year level. Utilizing information from annual reports of publicly listed companies in the U.S., I identify regulatory barriers business practitioners encounter. The barrier information is first extracted from the text documents by a cutting-edge neural language model trained on a hand-coded training set. Then, I feed the extracted barrier information into a dynamic item response theory model to estimate the numerical barrier level of 40 countries between 2006 and 2015 while controlling for various channels of confounding. I argue that the results returned by this approach should be less likely to be contaminated by major confounders such as international politics. Thus, they are well-suited for future political science research.
Land-use patterns and fungal bioaerosols in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome
Authors: Mantoani Maurício C. , Guerra Lara C. C. , Andrade Maria F. , Dias Maria A. F. S. , Dias Pedro L. S. , Rodrigues Fábio , Silva Dulcilena M. C. , Filho Valter Batista Duo , Rudke Anderson Paulo , Martins Jorge A. , Martins Leila Droprinchinski , Torezan José M. D. , Brancalion Pedro H. S. , Guillemot Joannès , Campoe Otávio C. , Phillips Vaughan , Carotenuto Federico , Šantl-Temkiv Tina , Morris Cindy E. , Gonçalves Fábio L. T. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhilst the importance of fungal primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs) has been recognised, few studies have empirically assessed how land-use patterns influence them. Here, we show the impacts of different land-use patterns on fungal PBAPs within the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot. Spanning a distance of ca. 600 km within this biome, we collected fungal bioaerosols in the following land-use patterns: a 25-year-old coffee plantation, a 2.5-year-old Eucalyptus plantation, a 3-months-old maize crop, a 2-year-old and another 7-year-old native forest reforestation area, and a native forest fragment. Using the portable Burkard air sampler, a total of 14 morphotype-species were found. Cladosporium sp. comprised as much as about 95% of all fungal spores collected, being present in all samples (frequency of 100%). Forest systems had as much as 5-to-19-fold more fungal spores in the air than maize crops. Sampling height and time (morning vs. afternoon) did not influence fungal concentration and number of species. In addition, using data derived from an eddy covariance tower in the Eucalyptus site, we estimated the emission rate to be 6649 spores m−2 s−1. Our study confirms that land-use patterns affect fungal PBAPs, and that replacing large areas of native Atlantic Forest by monospecific stands, a homogenisation of airborne fungi is occurring, with unknown consequences for climate regulation.