bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lymphokine‐induced monocyte procoagulant activity is depressed in patients with advanced malignancies
Authors: Geczy Carolyn L. , Ryan Jane , Walsh John , Goldstein David 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFibrin deposition in the microenvironment of tumor cells may be critical to tumor growth and metastasis formation. Procoagulant activities of tumor cells themselves, or of infiltrating macrophages, activated by the host's immune system to the tumor, may both contribute to coagulopathies associated with metastases. Lymphokine (LK) supernatant activated procoagulant activity on normal peripheral blood monocytes but failed to induce activity on mononuclear cells from 18/22 patients with locally advanced or disseminated non‐lymphoid tumors. Monocytes from the remaining patients had very low basal levels of MPCA and were less sensitive than normal cells to LK. Monocytes from 4 patients (3 with tumors with a high growth fraction) had extremely elevated levels of basal procoagulant activity, possibly due to maximal activation in vivo. Neither LK nor bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated procoagulant production of these cells. By contrast, cells from 8/13 patients produced procoagulant in response to LPS. This study indicated that monocyte function of patients with disseminated cancer is suppressed with respect to LK stimulation, but that cells with normal basal levels of MPCA respond to LPS. Preactivation of mononuclear procoagulant in vivo precluded subsequent stimulation by either LPS or LK.
Biochemical characterization of the monoclonal antibody‐defined ovarian carcinoma‐associated antigen SGA
Authors: de Kretser Theonne A. , Thorne Heather J. , Picone Diana , Jose David G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe molecular nature of SGA, the ovarian‐carcinoma‐associated antigen defined by the MAb OM‐1, has been determined. The cell‐surface form of the SGA molecule is a glycoprotein with p1 <4.2, which on PAGE analysis has an apparent MW of approximately 360 kDa. This was the only OM‐1‐reactive species found on the cell surface. The apparent MW was unaffected by reducing conditions. The predominant cytoplasmic form of SGA is a non‐glycosylated 170‐kOa molecule with p1 6.5. Pulse‐chase experiments were complicated by the extremely slow rate of SGA synthesis. However, the data indicate that the SGA molecule is synthesized as a 190‐kDa protein, cleaved to yield a 170‐kDa non‐glycosylated intracellular form which is slowly glycosylated to the 360‐kDa cell‐surface species. Western blotting experiments revealed the presence of the 360‐kDa glycosylated molecule in human ovarian cell culture supernatants.
Effects of tumor promoters on growth and on cellular redistribution of phospholipid/CA2+‐dependent protein kinase in human breast cancer cells
Authors: Regazzi Romano , Fabbro Doriano , Costa Serban D. , Borner Christoph , Eppenberger Urs 
Published: February 2007

AbstractActive, structurally unrelated tumor promoters (12‐O‐tetradecanoyl‐phorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA), teleocidin and aplysiatoxin) inhibit growth of mammary carcinoma cells (MCF7‐>BT‐20>MDA‐MB‐231> = ZR‐75‐1>HBL‐100). This efficiency in inhibiting cell growth correlates with the tumor‐promoting activity of a series of phorbol ester derivatives. The phospholipid/calcium‐dependent protein kinase (PKC), a target for phorbol ester action, was measured by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The levels of PKC were higher (p<0.001) in estrogen‐receptor‐negative than in estrogen‐receptor‐positive cells. Treatment of cells with active tumor promoters results in time‐ and dose‐dependent translocation of cytosolic PKC to membrane fractions. Less potent phorbol esters induce only partial translocation of PKC (i.e., decrease of cytosolic without increase in membrane‐bound PKC), whereas inactive esters have no effect. No correlation was found between PKC concentration or the amount of PKC translocated to membranes and the sensitivity of the respective cells to TPA. It is concluded that tumor‐promoter‐mediated growth inhibition of breast cancer cell lines is due to mechanism(s) occurring after the translocation of PKC.
Promotion of 3′‐methyl‐4‐dimethylaminoazobenzene‐initiated adult rat liver cells to malignant state by phenobarbital in culture
Authors: Miyazaki Masahiro , Handa Yoshihiko , Suzuki Yasunori , Sato Jiro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAfter treatment with 1.5 mm phenobarbital (PB) for about 2 months, non‐tumorigenic rat liver epithelial‐type cell lines (6F‐7 and 6G‐5), which were initiated by 3′‐methyl‐4‐dimethyl‐aminoazobenzene (3′‐Me‐DAB) in primary culture, showed an increase in plating efficiency, growth in soft agar and production of tumors in syngeneic animals. However, the PB‐untreated control cells exhibited neither growth in soft agar nor production of tumors. Gamma‐glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT)‐positive (6F‐7‐cl‐7) and negative (6F‐7‐cl‐8) colonial clones, which were derived from 6F‐7 cells, were also treated with 1.5 mM PB for about 2 months. The growth of GGT‐positive 6F‐7‐cl‐7 cells was not suppressed but rather stimulated by PB at 1.5 mM, whereas that of GGT‐negative 6F‐7‐cl‐8 cells was severely inhibited. Furthermore, the PB‐treated 6F‐7‐cl‐7 cells produced tumors in syngeneic animals, but the PB‐treated 6F‐7‐cl‐8 cells produced no tumors. The spontaneous cell line 6A‐6, which was derived from the 3′‐Me‐DAB‐untreated primary liver cell culture and was GGT‐negative, did not exhibit tumorigenicity after treatment with 1.5 mM PB for the same period of time as described above. In conclusion, PB treatment efficiently and rapidly promoted the 3′‐Me‐DAB‐initiated cells to a malignant state.
Tumour basement membrane laminin in adenocarcinoma of rectum: An immunohistochemical study of biological and clinical significance
Authors: Forster S. J. , Talbot I. C. , Clayton D. G. , Critchley D. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWell‐defined basement membrane laminin was seen in 98/158 (62%) rectal adenocarcinomas stained by an immunoperoxidase method. Only 27 (28%) patients with laminin‐positive tumours developed distant metastases, compared with 39 (65%) patients with laminin‐negative carcinomas. The corrected 5‐year survival rates for patients with laminin‐positive and laminin‐negative tumours were 65% and 23%, respectively. Twenty‐five out of 30 (83%) well‐differentiated adenocarcinomas and only 3/15 (17%) poorly differentiated tumours contained basement membrane laminin, with moderately differentiated carcinomas showing intermediate laminin status (70/110, 64%, laminin positive). Forty‐three of 60 (72%) of laminin‐negative tumours had metastasized to regional lymph nodes. These data suggest that laminin may be a marker for differentiation. However, laminin status yields information about tumour behaviour which is not confined to stage and grade, and multivariate analysis shows that it is a better indicator of prognosis than tumour grade as assessed by conventional histology. Although laminin status alone is a less useful predictor of prognosis than Dukes' stage, a patient with a laminin‐positive adenocarcinoma of rectum is 2.7 times as likely to survive 5 years than a patient with a laminin‐negative tumour. Assessment of laminin status, together with Dukes' stage is, therefore, commended as a more precise and objective indicator of prognosis than histological degree of differentiation in colorectal carcinoma.
Serial transmission of human T‐cell leukemia virus type I by blood transfusion in rabbits and its prevention by use of X‐irradiated stored blood
Authors: Kotani S. , Yoshimoto S. , Yamato K. , Fujishita M. , Yamashita M. , Ohtsuki Y. , Taguchi H. , Miyoshi I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman T‐cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) was serially transmitted for 5 passages from rabbit to rabbit by blood transfusion. The virus could be transmitted with 20 ml of whole blood or washed blood cell suspension (fresh or stored for 1–2 weeks at 4°C) but not with cell‐free plasma from seroconverted rabbits. Seroconversion occurred 2–4 weeks after blood transfusion and serum anti‐HTLV‐1 titers ranged from 1:20 to 1:640 with the immunofluorescence assay. From transfusion recipients of the 1st to 4th passages, virus‐producing cell lines were established by culturing lymphocytes in the presence of T‐cell growth factor (TCGF). Three of the 4 cell lines became TCGF‐independent after 2–12 months of continuous culture. Blood was transfused between rabbits of opposite sexes and the recipient origin of each cell line was determined by chromosome analysis. We also investigated the effect of X‐irradiation (6,000 rad) on blood from seropositive rabbits. Seroconversion likewise occurred in rabbits transfused with blood that had been irradiated immediately before transfusion but not in rabbits transfused with blood that had been irradiated and stored for 1–2 weeks at 4°C. Thus, our rabbit model shows that HTLV‐1 is serially transmissible by blood transfusion and that this can be prevented by irradiation of blood. The same procedure, therefore, may be useful for the prevention of transfusion‐related transmission of HTLV‐1 in humans.
New abnormal isoenzyme of 5′‐nucleotide phosphodiesterase in the serum of human hepatoma
Authors: Lin Ke‐Min , Ye Si‐Yuan , Liu Qi‐Fu 
Published: February 2007

Abstract5′‐nucleotide phosphodiesterase (5′‐NP) isoenzymes were separated from the serum of human primary liver cancer (PLC) patients by 4–20% tubular polyacrylamide gel gradient electrophoresis. Electrophoresis showed II isoenzymes in which bands I, V and VI (from anode to cathode) were all absent in 125 normal control sera; bands V and VI were detectable in 31(73.8%) of 42 patients with PLC, but absent in 70 cases of other diseases. Bands V and VI may represent specific isoenzyme bands of PLC, comprising a new addition to the markers used in the diagnosis of this disease. By the same method, it was also found that the abnormal serum isoenzyme bands of PLC correspond to those found in the cord blood sera of the newborn and fetus. These abnormal isoenzymes diminish gradually after birth and all disappear when children reach the age of 10.
Human papillomavirus DNA sequences in penile carcinomas in Brazil
Authors: Villa Luisa Lina , Lopes Ademar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo detect the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in penile cancers, 18 squamous‐cell carcinomas were studied by Southern blot analysis. All specimens were from Brazilian patients ranging in age from 31 to 78 years. Of these, 7 harbored DNA sequence homology. Most positive specimens contained more than 100 copies of viral DNA. No HPV 16 was detected in our samples. Presence of HPV DNA sequences in the samples studied was not correlated with the patients' age or race, nor with extent or progress of disease.
Sporadic somatic fusion between MDAY‐D2 murine tumor cells and DBA/2 host cells: Role in metastasis
Authors: Lagarde Alain E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn ouabain‐ and 6‐thioguanine‐resistant mutant (K3T103) of the metastatic MDAY‐D2 murine tumor cell line was transplanted s.c. into syngeneic DBA/2 mice in order to isolate K3T103 x host cell hybrids emerging in vivo, and examine their metastatic potential. Of 10 tumor‐bearing animals that were analyzed at various time intervals, only 3 developed fusion products in the primary site, present at a frequency ranging between 10−5 and 10−4. These hybrids survived in HAT + ouabain medium, had a lymphoblastoid morphology and a hypo‐tetraploid karyotype, were non‐adherent, and were as rapidly metastatic as K3T103 cells when transplanted s.c. or i.v. into DBA/2 mice. All these characteristics were shared by cloned hybrids generated in vitro following polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐mediated fusion of K3T103 cells with normal DBA/2 normal splenocytes. In marked contrast, the products of K3T103 x DBA/2 normal lung fibroblast fusion displayed a fibroblastic appearance, were adherent, progressively ceased to divide and remained dormant for several weeks in culture. These results indicate: (1) that spontaneous fusion of K3T103 cells with host cells in the course of their expansion and subsequent dissemination is a stochastic and rare event, and (2) that since the expression of their tumorigenic and metastatic potential is retained after fusion with splenocytes, host cells of lymphoreticular origin are most likely involved in that process.
Inhibitors of 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA)‐induced multinucleated cell formation and HTLV‐I p19 antigen expression in HTLV‐I‐infected T‐cell line KH‐2Lo
Authors: Nakao Yoshinobu , Matsuda Shuichi , Matsui Toshimitsu , Koizumi Tamio , Katakami Yuko , Fujita Takuo , Ito Yohei 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo elucidate the biological mechanisms of 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA)‐induced phenotypic changes in HTLV‐I virus‐infected human T‐cell line KH‐2Lo cells, inhibitors of TPA‐induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), protein kinases and calmodulin were examined for their effects on TPA‐induced multinucleated cell formation and HTLV‐I p19 antigen expression. Among the inhibitors of TPA‐induced ODC activity, α‐difluoromethyl ornithine (DFMO), I,25(OH)2D3 and its analogues, and retinoic acid were tested. As inhibitors of protein kinases, I‐(5‐isoquinolinyl‐sulfonyl)‐2‐methylpiperazine (H‐7), N‐[2‐(methylamino)ethyl]‐5‐isoquinoline‐sulfonamide (H‐8) and I,(5‐isoquinolynylsulfonyl)‐2,3‐dimethylpiperazine (H‐5) were used. In addition, a calmodulin inhibitor, N‐(4‐aminobutyl)‐5‐chlor‐2‐naphthalenesulfonamide (W13) and its inactive analogue, N‐(4‐aminobutyl)‐2‐naphthalenesulfonamide (W 12) were also tested. I,25(OH)2D3 and its active analogues inhibited both TPA‐induced HTLV‐I p19 antigen expression and multinucleated cell formation after 4 days of culture with TPA. On the other hand, an inhibitor of ODC, DFMO, the protein kinase inhibitors, the calmodulin inhibitor and retinoic acid suppressed TPA‐induced HTLV‐I p19 expression but did not suppress multinucleated cell formation.
Cancer in Haiti 1979–84: Distribution of various forms of cancer according to geographical area and sex
Authors: Mitacek E. J. , Vallieres D. St. , Polednak A. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHaiti exemplifies all of the problems of developing countries: poverty, hunger, reduced longevity, and an illiteracy rate of more than 75%. It is, therefore, not surprising that so little attention has been given to late‐onset chronic diseases, particularly cancer. The results of a special survey of cancer cases first diagnosed in 1979–84 are presented, with relative proportions of cancers by site, according to age, sex and geographical area of origin (coastal vs. mountain). The major cancers recorded were: stomach and intestine, primary hepatic (especially in males), cervix, penis, and Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). There were 18 cases of KS, all of which occurred among AIDS patients. Among males, hepatic cancers accounted for a significantly larger percentage of cancer cases in the mountain vs. coastal origin group, while the reverse was true for penile cancer and KS. These preliminary data on cancer in Haiti are discussed with particular reference to dietary factors (for cancers of stomach, intestine, liver and cervix). The clarification and confirmation of these possible relationships between diet and cancer should provide an opportunity to elucidate environmental factors as causes of cancer.
New monoclonal antibodies specific for human sarcomas
Authors: Bruland Øyvind , Fodstad Øystein , Funderud Steinar , Pihl Alexander 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against sarcoma‐associated cell membrane antigens were prepared by immunizing BALB/c mice with tumor cells from a human osteosarcoma, TPX, grown as a xenograft in athymic BALB/c nude mice. Spleen cells from immunized mice were hybridized with X‐63 Ag. 8.653 mouse myeloma cells which yielded 260 growing hybridomas. Seven of these produced antibodies that bound to TPX cells and to cells from another osteosarcoma, but not to autologous skin fibroblasts. MAbs from 2 (TP‐I and TP‐3) of these 7 clones did not cross‐react with non‐sarcomatous tumor cells or peripheral blood lymphocytes. Immunohistochemical studies on frozen tissue sections showed that the TP‐I (IgG‐2a) and TP‐3 (IgG‐2b) antibodies had characteristic and identical specificity profiles. Binding of TP‐I (TP‐3) was demonstrated to 15/15 (15/15) osteosarcomas, 3/3 (2/2) synovial sarcomas, 7/9 (6/8) malignant fibrous histiocytomas, 2/2 (1/1) malignant hemangiopericytomas, 1/2 (1/2) chondrosarcomas and 3/6 (1/3) unclassified sarcomas. The antibodies did not bind to any of 16 sarcomas belonging to other histological subtypes, including liposarcomas and leio‐and rhabdomyosarcomas. Moreover, they failed to bind to sections of 66 different non‐sarcomatous malignancies, or to any of a range of normal adult and fetal tissues, although some weak staining of proximal kidney tubules was seen. The restricted specificity of these antibodies to some major subtypes of human sarcomas makes them promising tools for identification and subclassification of sarcomas.
Increased incidence of IgA antibodies to the epstein‐barr virus‐associated viral capsid antigen and early antigens in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Döucen Gottfried , Bross Klaus J. , Hecht Thomas , Brugger Wolfram , Löhr Georg W. , Hirsch Friedrich W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntibody liters to Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐associated early antigens (EA) and the viral capsid antigen (VCA) were determined by ELISA on 263 sera obtained from healthy donors, patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD), non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), infectious mononucleosis (IM), Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). As expected, most lymphoma patients showed markedly elevated anti‐VGA IgG and anti‐EA IgG antibody liters. Only one patient in the NHL group (n = 56) consisting of patients with lymphomas other than chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and hairy‐cell leukemia (HCL), and 3 patients with HCL (n = 19) had high antibody titers of the IgA class to VCA and EA. Seventeen out of 48 patients (36%) with CLL had high IgA anti‐VCA titers and 10 of these sera (21%) also contained IgA anti‐EA. The geometric mean titer (GMT) of IgA anti‐VCA was 2,510, the GMT of IgA anti‐EA was 780. These antibody titers were about 10 times lower than the corresponding GMT of the NPC patients investigated in this study. The elevated IgG and IgA antibody titers to VCA and EA in CLL and HCL patients seem to reflect an immunodeficiency secondary to the malignant disease leading to reactivation of latent EBV infection. The possibility that at least some of these B‐cell lymphomas are associated with EBV cannot be excluded.
Effects of a single dose of polychlorinated biphenyls to infant mice on N‐nitrosodimethylamine‐initiated lung and liver tumors
Authors: Anderson Lucy M. , Ward Jen‐Old M. , Fox Stephen D. , Isaaq Haleem J. , Riggs Charles W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widespread, chemically‐stable environmental contaminants; some congeners are commonly found in human adipose tissue and breast milk. We investigated the effects of a single dose of one PCB mixture (Aroclor 1254) on tumors initiated by N‐nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), also a common environmental agent. Infant outbred Swiss male mice were treated with NDMA (5 mg/kg) i.p. on the 4th day of life, to initiate lung and liver tumors. Four days later each received a single intragastric dose of PCBs (50, 250, or 500 mg/kg of Aroclor 1254) or oil. Groups were killed 16 and 28 weeks later. At both endpoints the mice given 500 mg/kg PCBs after NDMA developed twice as many lung tumors (alveologenic adenomas) as those treated with NDMA only, a significant difference. The PCBs alone did not cause lung tumors. This is the first demonstration of tumor promotion by PCBs in an extrahepatic organ, and it occurred after a single exposure. There were also complex, multiple effects on NDMA‐caused liver tumors (adenomas and carcinomas) and on focal hepatocellular proliferative lesions: PCB treatment after the NDMA was associated with decreased number but increased size of these tumors and foci. All of these changes were accompanied by retention in the bodies of 0.1–6 ppm PCBs, as indicated by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Of this, 80% or more consisted of 2,4,5, 2′,4′,5′‐and 2,3,4,2′,4′,5′‐hexachlorobiphenyls in about equal amounts for periods up to 28 weeks. These results point to a need for both experimental and epidemiological studies of the effect of PCB body burden on tumor development.
Prospective study on the relationship between cervical neoplasia and herpes simplex type 2 virus. III. Presence of herpes simplex type‐2 antibody in sera of subjects who developed cervical neoplasia later in the study
Authors: Krčmář M. , Suchánková A. , Kaňka J. , Vonka V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPaired sera taken from 63 subjects who developed cervical neoplasia in the course of a prospective study on this disease were examined for the presence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV‐2) antibody. The first serum was taken at enrolment into the study, while the second was obtained after development of the disease, i.e. 2–4 years later. Simultaneously, paired sera from a group of control subjects, who remained free of any cytological and colposcopical abnormalities throughout the study, were also investigated. Controls were matched with patients by age, age at first intercourse, number of sexual partners, smoking habits and history of diathermoelectrocoagulation ulation of ectopic epithelium and transformation zone of the cervix. The first sera from these subjects were obtained at enrolment while the second ones were taken at the end of the study, i.e. 5 to 7 years later. Antibody titers were remarkably stable in both patients and control subjects. Seroconversions from HSV‐2 negativity to HSV‐2 positivity as measured by the increase in the ll/l ratio or development of antibody reactive with HSV‐2‐specific glycoprotein G were rare and no significant dif‐ ferences between the patients and control subjects were detected. This indicates that the development of the disease was apparently not followed by immediate or early activation of latent HSV‐2 infection.
The stability of kidney‐induced selection of lewis lung tumor cell populations, and their metastasis‐related behavior
Authors: Weiss L. , Ward P. M. , Harlos J. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe surface charge densities of Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) cells were measured in tumors transplanted into subcutaneous (s.c.) sites, and into the kidneys (K), as well as in kidney tumors transplanted to, and maintained in, the s.c. site (K.s.c.). K cells showed a significant increase in net negativity in comparison with s.c. cells, which was stable over 11 passages. On back‐transplantation of K cells to the s.c. site, the net negativity of K.s.c. cells was higher than that of the s.c. cells, but the increase was stable for only 7 passages; on subsequent passages the net negativity fell, approaching that of the s.c. cells. Detailed analyses suggest the presence in these tumors of 2 subpopulations of 3LL cells, whose proportions change in the different sites studied to produce changes in the mean electrophoretic mobilities of the whole cancer cell populations. The altered proportions of the 2 cell types in the 3 sites were not associated with major changes either in their general behavior with respect to metastasis, or in differential growth in various organs following s.c., tail vein, and left ventricular injections. Selection induced by growth in the kidney, as evidenced by physicochemical changes at the cancer cell surface, was not associated with kidney preference in metastasis or metastasis‐related behavior.