bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of 3D quantum Otto engine with partial thermalization
Authors: Sutantyo T E P , Zettira Z , Fahriza A , Abdullah Z 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We investigate the phenomenon of partial thermalization in the context of the efficiency at maximum power (EMP) for a quantum Otto engine. This engine utilizes Bose-Einstein Condensation in a cubic potential. The occurrence of partial thermalization is observed during a finite-time isochoric process, preventing the system from reaching an equilibrium state with the reservoirs and leaving it in a state of residual coherence. The engine’s performance can be evaluated based on its power output and EMP. The cubic potential is employed to induce energy excitation during the expansion and compression phases. The total energy is determined by the work done over a complete cycle. Utilizing Fourier’s law for heat conduction, we have determined that the power output is explicitly influenced by the duration of the heating and cooling strokes as well as the engine’s efficiency. Specifically, a longer stroke time and higher efficiency result in reduced power output. To calculate EMP, we optimize power by varying the compression ratio (κ), and we have found that EMP is also influenced by the isochoric heating and cooling processes. When varying the duration of the isochoric process, EMP shows a slight decrease as isochoric time increases due to entropy production. However, significant improvements in the EMP of the Otto Engine can be achieved by extending the cooling stroke time beyond the heating stroke time.
Optimizing Neural Networks for Enhanced Material Property Predictions: Insights from Bulk Modulus Analysis
Authors: Syamsul Andi M. N. F. , Pradipto Abdul-Muizz , Soehianie Agoes 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This research presents a deep learning model designed to accurately compute material properties, with a specific focus on the bulk modulus. This study places significant emphasis on hyperparameter optimization, involving adjustments to batch size, learning rate, hidden layer, and neuron count. The dataset, comprising 7107 diverse materials, undergoes thorough preprocessing, which includes outlier removal and the extraction of elemental property descriptors using the matminer library and the Magpie dataset. The core model utilized in this research is an Artificial Neural Network (ANN), with the descriptors serving as crucial input features. Model performance assessment is conducted by using the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) as a quantitative metric, providing insights into predictive accuracy. This research also employs sensitivity analysis to scrutinize the significance of 132 features in predicting the bulk modulus property, contributing to an understanding of material behavior dynamics and facilitating model optimization. The results highlight the impact of neuron count, layer depth, learning rate, and batch size on prediction accuracy. Furthermore, feature importance analysis underscores the critical role of specific material properties, with mean covalent radius emerging as the most influential factor in predicting the bulk modulus. These discoveries provide guidelines for optimizing neural network configurations and material property descriptors for predicting material elasticity.
Computation and Modelling of Seismic Refraction Tomography for Anisotropic Medium Based on Pseudo Bending Method
Authors: Hamimu La , Haraty Syamsul Razak , Rubaiyn Al , Juarzan La Ode Ihksan , Indrawati  
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Seismic refraction tomography is one of the imaging techniques in geophysical methods used to remodel the near-surface velocity layer structure of the Earth. In this study, we carried out a new computational approach and modelling of seismic refraction tomography using the pseudo-bending method. The true model of the near-surface is designed to be anisotropic medium which is having a low velocity anomaly distribution. This anomaly is constructed in such a way as to be similar to a model of liquid waste away spreading, which exhibits seismic velocities ranging from 1600 m/s to 1800 m/s. Based on our computations and numerical modelling results, it was found that the ray tracing path using pseudo-bending method displays an asymmetrical trajectory when the positions of the source and geophone are exchanged. Altering the shooting configuration from direct shoot (DS) to reversed shoot (RS) also reveals a significant difference in travel time values. The results of delay time tomography inversion, which represents the difference between travel times in the true model and the initial model using the SIRT method, indicate the presence of a low velocity anomaly that can be interpreted as the distribution of liquid waste.
The Two-Dimensional Conduction Heat Transfer Equation on a Square Plate: Explicit vs. Crank-Nicolson Method in MS Excel Spreadsheet
Authors: Eso Rosliana , Napirah Mardiana , Usman Ida , Safiuddin La Ode , Arman  , Tahir  , Aba La , Alfat Sayahdin , Husein  , Hamimu La , Sahara La 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the two-dimensional conduction heat transfer equation on a square plate is analyzed using a finite difference method. We have developed both the forward time-centered space (FTCS) and Crank-Nicolson (CN) finite difference schemes for the two-dimensional heat equation, employing Taylor series. Subsequently, these schemes were employed to solve the governing equations. The primary objective of this study is to compare the efficiency of the two methods in solving the conduction heat transfer equation. This was accomplished by implementing Spreadsheet Excel instructions. The results are presented, highlighting a comparison between the exact and approximate solutions. Furthermore, to demonstrate the convergence of the numerical schemes, we estimated the error between the actual and approximate solutions for a specific numerical problem and presented the results graphically. The data utilized in this research included the thermal conductivity of the medium of the square plate concerning width, grid, and compliance with initial and boundary conditions. The findings indicate that the Crank-Nicolson method is more accurate than the forward time-centered space method, as it approaches the exact solution more effectively. Furthermore, this study confirms that the solution and simulation of the heat transfer equation on a square plate can be accurately performed using an Excel spreadsheet as well as other numerical software.
Correlation between lithium-ion diffusion and coordination environment in solid polymer electrolytes: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Sundari C D D , Fitriani P , Arcana I M , Iskandar F 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Lithium-ion diffusion in solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) is a pivotal characteristic that significantly influences overall lithium-ion battery performance. This characteristic can be affected by the coordination environment of lithium ions within the polymer matrix. However, the correlation between lithium-ion diffusion and its coordination environment in biopolymer-based SPEs such as carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) remains understudied. In this study, we used molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate this correlation. Lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) was used as the lithium salt in the simulated systems. All MD simulations were conducted using the GROMACS package with the general AMBER force field (GAFF). The coordination structures around Li+ were successfully estimated using the radial distribution function obtained from the MD simulations. These results indicate a preference for Li+ coordination with oxygen atoms, both from the CMCS polymer chains (OCMCS) and TFSI− ions (OTFSI-). The coordination number between Li+ and OCMCS decreases as the concentration of LiTFSI increases. The diffusion coefficients of Li+ varied depending on the concentration of LiTFSI and demonstrated a sensitivity to the coordination structure of Li+. A high diffusion coefficient of Li+ ions was observed at low LiTFSI concentrations, where Li+ was primarily coordinated with oxygen atoms from the CMCS polymer chains.
A Simulation of Hydrazine Molecule’s Potential Energy Surface using Variational Quantum Eigensolver Algorithm
Authors: Gomosma Godwin , Agusta Mohammad Kemal , Dipojono Hermawan Kresno 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Quantum computing is a technology that utilizes the principles of quantum mechanics to perform complex computational processes. In this work, we use Qiskit Module from IBM to do quantum computational calculation using Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) algorithm. VQE is a hybrid quantum-classical method that combines a quantum computer to measure energies and a classical computer to process the measurement results and update the parameters of the quantum computer. The purpose of VQE is to find the ground state energy of a chemical system. In the previous study, many of the VQE calculations have been done on simple molecules. So, in this study, we would like to use Hydrazine molecule as our object of VQE calculation. Furthermore, these results will be compared with the results from the classical calculation (MP2, CCSD(T), QCISD(T), and CASSCF) methods for testing the effectiveness of VQE using Unitary Coupled-Cluster Single and Double excitations (UCCSD) Ansatz. The quantum algorithm based on the UCCSD Ansatz led to a simplification of the algorithm by reducing the circuit depth. Then, the possibility to use active space approximation, can be used to reduce the quantum gates while trying to keep a good level of accuracy. In this study, we chose (2,2) and (4,4) active spaces. Based on the results, as we increase the size of the active space during the evaluation of the single-point energy, the estimated ground states obtained from the VQE algorithm yield nearly identical values. Conversely, in CASSCF calculations, expanding the active space introduces more energy corrections, thus making it more sensitive. Additionally, when examining potential energy surfaces, VQE demonstrates results that gradually align with CCSD(T) and QCISD(T) methods.
Effective Multiplication Factor Analysis of Gas-cooled Reactor using OpenMC code with ENDF/B-VII.1, ENDF/B-VIII.0 and JENDL-5.0 Nuclear Data
Authors: Rachmat Mochamad Aria Ibnu , Irwanto Dwi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
As the demand for nuclear energy keeps rising, Generation IV reactor designs continuously improve. One such potential reactor design is the Gas-cooled Reactor. Neutronic analysis is the foundation for ongoing design modifications and alternatives for the Helium Gas-cooled Reactor. An important aspect of neutronic analysis is the nuclear data library. This research compares how different nuclear data libraries impact a Helium Gas-cooled Reactor design by comparing the neutron effective multiplication factor (k-eff) value. This research was conducted by the Monte Carlo method using OpenMC code. ENDF/B-VII.1, ENDF/B-VIII.0 and JENDL-5.0 were used as nuclear data libraries to simulate the reactor design for ten years of depletion time with 1-year timesteps. The reactor is designed in two different spectrums: the fast neutron spectrum design and the thermal neutron spectrum design. The differences between the two designs are in the cladding and reflector materials where the thermal neutron spectrum uses graphite moderator. The results for thermal spectrum design show that while each nuclear data library’s average k-eff values vary, they all produce the same results at timestep zero, with k-eff values around 1.02500. The average k-eff value from simulation using the ENDF/B-VII.1 library is 1.01477, the average k-eff value from simulation using the ENDF/B-VIII.0 library is 1.01122, and the average k-eff value from simulation using the JENDL-5.0 library is 1.01047. Each simulation result has an average uncertainty of 0.00040. The difference is due to the different amounts of data in each library. JENDL-5.0 has the highest amount of data inside its nuclear libraries, followed by ENDF/B-VIII.0 and ENDF/B-VII.1. Meanwhile, the average difference between the different libraries is insignificant for the thermal gas-cooled reactor simulation results. ENDF/B-VIII.0 produces an effective k-average of 1.04437, and JENDL-5.0 produces an effective k-average of 1.04273. Mass change over time results also shows that the transmutation of Uranium-238 into Plutonium-239 occurred. The fast spectrum reactor design shows a greater increase in plutonium-239 than the thermal spectrum design. The three libraries used did not show large differences in results in calculating changes in the mass of Uranium-238 over time due to Uranium-238‘s large mass, but they still showed differences in Plutonium-239‘s mass change over time. The average value difference between libraries in the fast neutron spectrum reactor design is 50 kg, and in the thermal spectrum it is 30 kg.
Neutronic performance of 208Pb-Bi eutectic-cooled fast reactor with uranium nitride fuel (enriched 15N)
Authors: Widiawati N , Suud Z 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Fast reactors (FRs) require more uranium enrichment than LWRs and fuel reprocessing. The solution proposed to address these issues is to use the modified CANDLE burnup scheme on the reactor core. The use of uranium nitride (UN) as fuel was proposed because the UN fuel has several advantages, such as high melting point, high heavy metal density, and large thermal conductivity. However, using UN as a fuel can produce the radioactive isotope 14C via the reaction 14N (n, p)14C. Therefore, in this study, a neutronic analysis was performed in a modified CANDLE fast reactor employing UN and UN (enriched 15N) as fuel using SRAC. The modified CANDLE fast reactor fuelled with UN (99% 15N) has a higher keff than the UN-fuelled reactor with similar parameters. Similarly, the atomic density of fissile nuclides and power density are higher because the 15N isotope has a smaller neutron capture cross-section than the 14N isotope.
Neutronic Analysis for The Radial Direction Heterogeneous Core Configuration of GFR with Thorium Fuel
Authors: Angelina Tsania Eksa , Syarifah Ratna Dewi , Widiawati Nina , Arkundato Artoto , Rohman Lutfi , Maulina Wenny , Purwandari Endhah 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A neutronic analysis has been carried out for the radial direction heterogeneous core configuration in GFR with thorium nitride fuel to obtain the most optimal heterogeneous design has keff
> 1 and excess reactivity below one percent. Neutronic analysis was performed using openMC version 0.13.2 based on open-source Monte Carlo simulation with ENDF/B-VII.1 data library. The first calculation is benchmarking openMC and SRAC where the largest error is 2.49% is caused by different data library. SRAC data library is JENDL 4.0. The second calculation is a homogeneous core configuration with 5% to 15% uranium-U233 fuel variation, the stability lies at 8% for the reference of heterogeneous core configuration. The heterogeneous core configuration was performed with three types of fuel percentage and five different geometry variations. Optimum design for geometry F1:F2:F3 = 1 ring:4 rings:1 ring using fuel type F1:F2:F3 = 6.5%:8%:9.5%. Optimum design for geometry F1:F2:F3 = 2 rings:2 rings:2 rings using fuel type F1:F2:F3 = 7.5%:8%:8.5%. Optimum design for geometry F1:F2:F3= 1 ring:2 rings:3 rings using fuel type F1:F2:F3=7%:8%:9%. Optimum design for geometry F1:F2:F3= 1 ring:3 rings:2 rings using fuel type F1:F2:F3 = 7.5%:8%:8.5%. Optimum design for geometry F1:F2:F3 = 1 ring:1 ring: 4 rings using fuel type F1:F2:F3 = 7.5%:8%:8.5%. The most optimum design among the other five designs is the F1:F2:F3 = 2 rings:2 rings:2 rings geometry design because it has a maximum keff
of 1.00999 and excess reactivity of 0.99%. This design is carried out for an extended burn-up 15 years and still stable with the characteristics of the neutron flux and fission rate in this design decrease with burn-up time. Fission product in this design also decreased according to the purpose of the generation IV reactor is the prevention of nuclear weapons.
Near-extremal Kerr-like ECO in the Kerr/CFT Correspondence
Authors: Zhahir Djogama M. , Sakti Muhammad F. A. R. , Zen Freddy P. , Hikmawan Getbogi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The Kerr/CFT correspondence has been established to explore the quantum theory of gravity in the near-horizon geometry of a extreme Kerr black holes. The horizon can be replaced by partially reflective membrane due to quantum gravitational corrections on the near-horizon region. Because of this modification, black holes now can be seen as a horizonless exotic compact object (ECO). In this work, with Kerr/CFT correspondence we study the properties of Kerr-like ECO in near-extremal condition. We compute the quasinormal modes and absorption cross-section and compare the results with CFT computation. The dual CFT one needs to consider finite size/finite N effects in the dual CFT terminology. We find consistency between properties of the ECOs from gravity side and from CFT side. The quasinormal mode spectrum is in line with non-extreme case with differences in the length of the circle where the dual CFT lives, and phase shift of the incoming perturbation. The absorption cross-section has oscillatory feature that start to vanish in near extremal limit. We also show that the echo time-delay depends on the position of the membrane and extremality of the ECOs.
Inflation Driven by Nonlinear Electrodynamics in Anisotropic Spacetime
Authors: Izzah Ramy Fitrah , Nasiroh Chilwatun , Saktioto  , Akbar Fiki Taufik 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The well-known Big Bang theory has explained how the universe came into being. This extraordinary event caused the later universe to be accelerated by a scale factor a(t). However, standard Big Bang theory has had some problems that can’t be explained, such as monopoles, horizons, and flatness. To solve this problem, a model of inflation in the early universe is required. Recent studies show that nonlinear electrodynamics coupled with general relativity can describe the inflation of the universe. In this work, we consider a model of nonlinear electrodynamics in anisotropic spacetime. We derive the dynamical equation from Einstein’s field equation and the law of conservation of energy-momentum tensor. Then, we use the perturbation method to solve the dynamical equation of the universe and obtain the evolution of the non-singular scale factor with anisotropy parameter ϵ. Using a phase-space analysis of the inflationary model, we obtain a phase portrait in the presence of fixed points. Our result shows that in the model of nonlinear electrodynamics coupled to gravity in anisotropic spacetime, the universe can undergo an inflationary mechanism if ϵ < 1. We also show the absence of singularity in density and pressure using this model.
Effect of Al on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-6Zn Alloy
Authors: Wang Rong , Zhang Zhaodong , Shao Zhiwen , Han Jungang , Wang Jun , Zhu Xiurong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this work, the effect of trace Al on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-6Zn alloy was studied. The results show that the as-cast ZM60 alloy consists of α-Mg phase and Mg51Zn20 phase. After the addition of Al, fine Al8Mn5 phase increases in the microstructure of the experimental alloy, and the number of the second phase increases. Dynamic recrystallization occurred in all the experimental alloys during extrusion deformation, the grain size of Al alloy is significantly smaller than that of ZM60 alloy, and the average grain size of ZAM610 alloy is the smallest, which is 5.6µm. ZAM610 alloy has the best mechanical properties, with tensile strength, yield strength, elongation after fracture, U-notch impact work and non-notch impact work of 302.7MPa, 216MPa, 19.7%, 10.0 J/cm2 and 56.0 J/cm2, respectively. The fracture of the impact sample shows that there are many tearing edges in the ZM60 alloy, which shows the characteristics of quasi-cleavage fracture. The ZAM600 and ZAM610 alloys have a large number of dimples, which are characterized by dimple fracture. The improved properties of magnesium alloys after microalloying can be attributed to the formation of fine Al8Mn5 phase, which has good Zener blocking effect, refines the dynamic recrystallized grains, and improves the strength and impact toughness of the alloy.
Novel algorithm for qualitative and quantitative material analysis by the K-edges for photon-counting computed tomography
Authors: Sotenskii R.V. , Rozhkov V.A. , Shashurin D.A. , Suslova E.V. , Chelkov G.A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The use of photon-counting detectors (PCD) in X-ray computed
tomography (CT) allows for obtaining specific spectral information
about the materials present in the studied object. This provides the
capability to detect contrast agents (CAs) based on elements with
high atomic numbers, which opens up significant prospects for
diagnostics and preclinical trials. This work presents a criterion
for the extraction of a contrast agent and the determination of its
concentration based on the K-edge absorption. The criterion is built
on the study of the spectral characteristics of CAs. It considers
scenarios where more than two contrast agents are simultaneously
used in a wide range of concentrations in the study. The experiment
was conducted using a laboratory microtomographic system based on
the Medipix3RX detector family. The criterion utilizes five energy
thresholds for the identification of a single contrast
agent. Lanthanides were used as contrast agents.
Universal constraint for relaxation rates of semigroups of qubit Schwarz maps
Authors: Chruściński Dariusz , Kimura Gen , Mukhamedov Farrukh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Unital qubit Schwarz maps interpolate between positive and completely positive maps. It is shown that the relaxation rates of the qubit semigroups of unital maps enjoying the Schwarz property satisfy a universal constraint, which provides a modification of the corresponding constraint known for completely positive semigroups. As an illustration, we consider two paradigmatic qubit semigroups: Pauli dynamical maps and phase-covariant dynamics. This result has two interesting implications: it provides a universal constraint for the spectra of qubit Schwarz maps and gives rise to a necessary condition for a Schwarz qubit map to be Markovian.
Ecological Momentary Assessment of Weight Stigma and Eating Behavior in Everyday Life
Authors: Hunger Jeffrey M , Montoya Amanda K , Edrosolan Kristienne , Tan Juanyi , Hubbard Anne S , Tomiyama A Janet 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Weight stigma is widespread, but the existing literature on its harmful consequences remains largely limited to lab-based experiments and large-scale longitudinal designs.

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to understand how weight stigma unfolds in everyday life, and whether it predicts increased eating behavior.

Methods
In this event-contingent ecological momentary assessment study, 91 participants reported every time they experienced weight stigma and documented whether they ate, how much they ate, and what they ate. These reports were compared against a timepoint when they did not experience stigma.

Results
Participants reported a wide variety of stigmatizing events from a variety of sources, with the most common ones being the self, strangers, the media, and family. Multilevel models showed that participants were no more likely to eat post-stigma (vs. the comparison point), but if they did eat, they ate more servings of food (on average consuming 1.45 more servings, or 45% more). Moderation analyses indicated that this effect was amplified for men versus women.

Conclusion
Experiencing weight stigma appears to beget behavioral changes, potentially driving future weight gain, placing individuals at ever more risk for further stigmatization.