bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Desalination Capacity of Activated Carbon Materials from Water Hyacinth (<i>Eichhornia crassipes</i>) Stems
Authors: Nguyen Van Phuoc , Duong Dinh Duy , Tran Thi Tuu , Mai Huynh Cang , Tran Thi Kim Ngan , Lam Van Tan , Bach Long Giang 
Published: April 2024

To reduce the hazards brought by water hyacinth, many applications of water hyacinth have been studied and continuously expanded. The large biomass of water hyacinth is applied in many fields such as for wastewater treatment, wastewater purification, biological raw material sources, animal feed production, medicine, antioxidants, agriculture, and household appliances. This research investigates the desalination capacity of freshwater hyacinths, raw materials from water hyacinths, biochar, and activated carbon materials from water hyacinth stems. Results have shown that the suitable temperature for charring fresh water hyacinth is 420 °C. The activated carbon from the water hyacinth stems with a BET surface area of 200.4 ± 1.9 m²/g can be desalinated under the conditions of 0.4 g of activated carbon mass, 15 min of reaction time, 2.0 ppt of salt concentration, and at neutral pH. In contrast, raw materials from water hyacinths and biochar were unable to desalinate. This study evaluates the desalination ability of the activated carbon material of water hyacinth.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Dapsone-Derived Bisazo Ligand and Its Gold(III) Complex, with Evaluation of Its Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities
Authors: Hessoon Haider Muhammad , Abbas Hussam Muhammad 
Published: April 2024

In this study, we successfully synthesized a novel bisazo ligand derived from dapsone and explored its potential as a versatile coordination compound. Furthermore, we formed an Au(III) complex with this bisazo ligand and extensively characterized it using a range of analytical techniques, including UV-visible, FTIR, NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and thermal analysis (TGA). The Au(III) complex exhibited significant inhibitory effects on liver cancer cells (HEPG2), achieving a maximum inhibition rate of 56.45% at a concentration of 400 µg mL−1. Interestingly, the complex showed comparatively milder effects on normal cells (HDFn). Both the ligand and the gold complex demonstrated antioxidant properties, with ascorbic acid serving as a reference for comparison. These findings underscore the promising potential of the synthesized bisazo ligand and its Au(III) complex in medicinal chemistry, particularly for cancer treatment and antioxidant applications. Additionally, these compounds exhibit nanoscale characteristics, further enhancing their relevance in various scientific and technological fields.
Tween–80 Coating in Enhancing Physicochemical Stability, Kinetics and Release Mechanism of Layered Double Hydroxide-Ferulate
Authors: Sharif Sharifah Norain Mohd , Hashim Norhayati , Isa Illyas Md , Jajuli Maizatul Najwa , Arifin Afif , Abu Bakar Norlaili , Mamat Mazidah , Suyanta Suyanta 
Published: April 2024

This study aims to enhance the targeted delivery of a powerful antioxidant, ferulate (FA), by developing a controlled release formulation (CRF) based on the incorporation of layered double hydroxide and Tween-80 polymeric surfactant. The layered double hydroxide-ferulate (LDH-FA) synthesized by co-precipitation method was homogenously mixed with the Tween-80 coater under continuous stirring. The successful Tween-80 coating was verified with PXRD analysis and supported by FTIR. No changes in interlayer distance between LDH-FA (at 17.4 and 8.7 Å) and LDH-FA-T80 (at 17.6 and 8.6 Å) were observed in the PXRD pattern. TGA/DTG analysis demonstrated good thermal stability of LDH-FA-T80, with the ability to withstand extreme temperatures up to 460 °C. The association of Tween-80 with LDH-FA progressively sustained the release time of FA in each aqueous solution, with a release time of up to 440 min. For both LDH-FA and LDH-FA-T80, the release of FA is through dissolution and anion exchange release mechanism (regulated by pseudo-second-order kinetic model). The study's findings suggest practical applications of FA in the pharmaceutical industry by implying the retarding effect triggered by Tween-80, offering new insights for the application of CRF to enhance the therapeutic effect of FA.
Impact of Classic Music Intervention on Anxiety Levels of Medical Students during Online Learning on COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vanessa Irene , Suryani Eva , Steffanus Mario 
Published: April 2024

Background: Situation of COVID-19 pandemic has become a global health problem and has caused public health anxiety, especially for medical students. Anxiety disorder experienced by a person can be treated by pharmacological or non-pharmacological therapy. One of many procedures of non-pharmacological treatments that can be done is by intervening in western classical instrumental music. According to existing studies, music interventions are known to have the effect of providing calm, elevating mood, and making a person feel more relaxed. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of receptive western classical instrumental music intervention in overcoming anxiety disorders in preclinical medical students of FKIK Atma Jaya University during online classroom learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: This study was an experimental study composed of a single group with a research design of pre-test and post-test done by 78 medical students from FKIK UnikaAtma Jaya Batch 2021. The measuring instrument used was the GAD-7 questionnaire. The data analysis performed was univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis.Results: There were 78 respondents, with the majority aged 17-18 years old. The majority gender was female (61.54%). Most of the respondents were in the upper socioeconomic class (84.62%). The 78.21% of students live with their parents. Bivariate analysis showed a decrease in student anxiety before and after the music intervention. Multivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between anxiety level and place of residence.Conclusion: Western instrumental classical music can reduce anxiety in medical students of FKIK UnikaAtma Jaya Batch of 2021 during online learning.
Students’ Perspectives on Academic Mentorship Program for Undergraduate Medical Education
Authors: Purnajati Oscar Gilang , Hapsari Saverina Nungky Dian 
Published: April 2024

Background: Academic mentors are needed to help students start and develop some parts of professional competence that may be hidden in medical education programs and constantly evolving over time. Academic mentorship model research has been developed in the context of medical education in European and North American countries, which have different cultural contexts from Eastern countries. Therefore, students’ perspective for the model of valued academic mentorship in this context needs to be explored further to become a recommendation for faculties in providing academic mentorship to students. The study aimed to explore how undergraduate medical students perceive the valuable academic mentoring model.Methods: This study used qualitative approach. Seventeen medical students of Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana (UKDW) from year 2018-2021 were divided into 2 focus group discussions. Thematic analysis was applied to analyse the findings. Results: The FGD raised the themes of students' perspectives on valuable academic mentorship if there is a good mentors-students relationship, providing support, hope and role models, flexibility, and effectiveness of academic mentorship, as well as students' hopes for academic mentorship in the future.Conclusion: Academic mentorship is a guidance that provides hope and support according to student needs. The models of valuable academic mentorship according to students is if there is flexibility in mentoring time and effective communication. Future mentoring models should describe future career opportunities and professionalism as a doctor.
Nitrosamine Contamination in Pharmaceuticals: Regulatory Perspectives and Control Strategies of USFDA, EMA & HC
Authors: Pardeshi Nidhi , Satapara Vijay , Patel Kajal 
Published: April 2024

Various regulatory authorities were notified the presence of nitrosamine impurities in human medicines including angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), ranitidine, nizatidine and metformin in 2018. The presence of nitrosamines led manufacturers to assessed their products by any means that might inadvertently lead to nitrosamine content and taking steps to mitigate these risks after issuance of safety alerts, recall and withdraw certain batches of these drugs. Importantly, global cooperation by regulatory authorities triggered the investigation of synthetic route, rapid development of analytical procedures and publication of guidelines. This article highlights mainly on risk assessment and control strategies adopted by United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA), and Health Canada (HC) regulatory bodies. Additionally, compare the acceptable intake (AI) values recommended by these regulatory authorities which will help the manufacturer to either limit or eliminate nitrosamines impurities in their medicines because nitrosamines are probable or possible human carcinogens, hence, it is recommended that the potential causes of nitrosamine formation as well as any other pathways observed and evaluate the risk for nitrosamine contamination or formation in their APIs and drug products. Manufacturers should prioritize evaluation of APIs and drug products based on factors such as maximum daily dose, duration of treatment, therapeutic indication, and number of patients treated for the products which are under pre approval stage and already marketed products.
Conclusion:
As nitrosamine contamination affects patients worldwide, in case the levels of nitrosamines exceed acceptable limits, or more than one nitrosamine is observed, such products should not be commercialized. All the international regulatory agencies continuing to work with to propose various analytical methodologies to determining nitrosamine content in the API or FPP, risk assessment evaluation and control strategies, extrapolation of toxicological data and various confirmatory test for mutagenicity detection. Due to this rapid action taken by global authorities will help manufacturer to design their manufacturing process to be more robust so that they will timely register their products and reduce the additional cost require for its complete analysis by taking care of consumer’s safety as well.
Drug Recalls: Trend analysis of Recalls by Indian Pharmaceutical Industry during the period 2013-2023
Authors: Varshney Nikita , Bhalla Vijay , Gupta Manish 
Published: April 2024

With the advanced technologies, increasing complexities of the manufacturing processes, more stringent inspections, and dynamic regulatory environment under which manufacturers work, there are high possibilities that a pharmaceutical firm will undergo a recall of one of its products. A recall can impact a company in product exposure, sales, manufacturing costs, and patients trust. The study presented here explored the drug recalls made by Indian Pharmaceutical Industry during the period of 2013 – 2023. There is an increasing trend in number of recalls post 2017 which could be due to the new regulations and, scientific discoveries. The major reasons for recalls primarily included cGMP deviations, failure to comply with approved specification, labeling mix ups. The study enlists the expectations of US FDA from Indian Pharmaceutical sector. This will help Indian pharmaceutical manufacturers to adopt the strategies to minimize drug recalls.
Dosage form Design: From concept to Compliance - Navigating Regulatory Standards and Patient needs
Authors: Ahmed Naushad , Prajapati Vivekanand , Mishra Priyanka , Mishra N T Pramathesh 
Published: April 2024

Dosage form design is a pivotal aspect of pharmaceutical formulation, encompassing the meticulous crafting of pharmaceutical products to ensure efficacy, safety, and patient acceptance. This paper comprehensively explores dosage form design, delving into its definition, significance, and multifaceted roles in pharmaceutical development. From therapeutic considerations and biopharmaceutical factors to patient compliance and convenience, every facet of dosage form design is meticulously examined. Therapeutic considerations underscore the need for controlled drug release profiles, optimal bioavailability, precise dosing, and route-dependent administration to maximize therapeutic outcomes and minimize adverse effects. Biopharmaceutical factors, such as drug solubility, permeability, dissolution rate, and absorption site, shape dosage form design strategies to enhance drug performance and bioavailability. Moreover, patient compliance and convenience are pivotal in ensuring adherence to treatment regimens, with considerations ranging from dosage frequency and taste to packaging and patient education. Furthermore, this paper elucidates the intricate interplay between dosage form design and regulatory compliance, emphasizing the importance of adhering to rigorous standards to uphold patient safety and efficacy. By synthesizing theoretical insights with practical applications, this review elucidates the comprehensive approach required for effective dosage form design, encompassing scientific rigor, regulatory adherence, and patient-centric considerations.
Conclusion
This paper underscores the paramount importance of dosage form design in pharmaceutical development, serving as a cornerstone for optimizing therapeutic outcomes, ensuring patient adherence, and advancing public health initiatives. Through a nuanced understanding of dosage form design principles and their implementation, pharmaceutical scientists and healthcare professionals can forge a path toward innovative drug delivery solutions that transcend conventional boundaries and empower patients to achieve optimal health outcomes.
Technical reasons for delay and denial of regulatory approval of Initial applications for (Abbreviated) New Drugs filed by Indian Companies by USFDA, 2005-2022
Authors: Varshney Nikita , Bhalla Vijay , Gupta Manish Kumar 
Published: April 2024

Indian pharmaceutical companies are one of the leading sources of generic medicine to the United States. The US Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) conduct regular inspections and assessments of manufacturing facilities in order to confer product quality and to ensure a firm's compliance with applicable laws and regulations, such as the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and related Acts. Identified regulatory violations and noncompliance are notified by US FDA to the manufacturer in the form of 483s and warning letter. Warning letters led to the unfavourable consequences to the company such as loss of trust, reputation and affects their financial stability. A trend analysis of warning letters may help Indian pharmaceutical manufacturing companies to adopt cGMP practices as per the requirement of US FDA and thus will result in reduced number and frequency of warning letters. Therefore, a trend analysis of warning letters issued to Indian Pharmaceutical sector between 2005 till 2022 by US FDA was carried out by extracting the information from publicly available FDA archives and dashboard. There is an increasing trend in number of US FDA inspections in India post 2012 which could be due to the new regulations, updated laws, also the changed expectations and mindset of FDA inspectors. The FDA major findings included inadequate investigations systems, lack of authoritative quality units, product contamination and inadequate documentation practices. The study reported here enlists the expectations of US FDA from Indian Pharmaceutical sector. This will help Indian pharmaceutical manufacturers to adopt the strategies to minimize US FDA warning letters.
SARIMA with Sliding Window Implementation for Forecasting Seasonal Demand Data
Authors: Made Rama Pradipta  , Gusti Made Arya Sasmita  , Anak Agung Ngurah Hary Susila  
Published: April 2024

Demand forecasting is an essential part of business process management. A comparison of methods is needed to get the best model to provide good forecasting results. Difficulties in meeting consumer demands and predicting these requests using demand data at companies CV. ABCD is the main problem in this research. The SARIMA and decomposition methods are used for comparison and search for the best model before forecasting. SARIMA with a windowing size of 56, indicating the smallest MAPE value of 3,91%. The value <10%, so it can be said to produce an excellent forecasting value. Forecasting results with SARIMA show a meeting between actual and forecasting data in 2022. Therefore, it can be said the forecasting results for 2023 and 2024 can be used as a reference for the company CV. ABCD to meet customer demand and avoid stock shortages.
The PERFORMANCE Of KERUPUK BAWANG AGROINDUSTRY In BANDARLAMPUNG CITY (CASE STUDY Of ONION CRACKER WINDA PUTRI In BANDARLAMPUNG CITY)
Authors: Lutfie Syarief Ayu Nirmala 
Published: April 2024

The purposes of this research are to analyze :1) the performance of agribusiness system of onion cracker household agroindustry , 2) the production process, added value and income of agroindustry onion cracker 3) marketing of product onion cracker and 4) the role of support services facilities. this research used to case study at onion cracker agroindustry in tanjung senang sub-district bandar lampung city. the research was conducted in january - february 2018 and data analysis used to qualitative and quantitative method. the results showed that the procurement of raw materials had not fulfilled price component. (1) the performance of the agroindustry was not good because it had not fulfilled the flexibility component. (2) the production process is going well and agroindustry revenue was considered good because the value of r/c ratio was > 1 and given added value and income was positive. (3) the marketing strategy of the agroindustry has used the 4p marketing mix component, which is the product, price is good, while for the place and promotion component, it has not been used optimally. the marketing chains consisted of two channels. (4) the provided support services of this agroindustry were bank, information and communication technology, transportation, and market procurement process of raw materials that correspond to six right on (time, place, quality, quantity, type, and price).
Effect of Emotional Intelligence and Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance Mediated by Employee Job Satisfaction
Authors: Putri Ramadhona  , Erlina Erlina , Jimad Habibullah 
Published: April 2024

This study aims to see the direct effect of Emotional Intelligent and Transformational Leadership on employee performance and job satisfaction, the direct effect of job satisfaction on employee performance, and whether job satisfaction mediates the direct effect of Emotional Intelligent and Transformational Leadership on employee performance at PT. Surya Tsabat Mandiri. This research was conducted using a quantitative approach with survey methods and probability sampling techniques. The instruments were previously tested using the SPSS tool, and hypothesis testing and research data were analyzed using SEM on SmartPLS software version 3.2.9. The results showed that Emotional Intelligent had a positive and significant direct effect on employee satisfaction and performance, in contrast to Transformational Leadership, which only had a positive and significant direct effect on employee job satisfaction but a negative and insignificant on employee performance. On the other hand, job satisfaction has a positive and significant direct effect on employee performance. Further results show that job satisfaction mediates the direct effect of Emotional Intelligent and Transformational Leadership on employee performance.
Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Transformational leadership, Job Satisfaction, Employee Performance
THE ROLE OF FOLLOWER CHARACTERISTICS AS A MEDIATOR BETWEEN THE INFLUENCE OF INSPIRATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND HAPPINESS AT WORK
Authors: Pramono Andi Eko Pramono 
Published: April 2024

Inspirational leadership is a leader who can invest time and develop intelligence in his work to inspire his followers. Inspirational leaders can encourage employee participation in achieving company goals. According to the 2019 Employee Happiness Index survey by Benify, it is stated that the banking industry is ranked 4th out of 5 industries in the category of employee engagement at work, and employee happiness in the banking industry is influenced by leaders who have good leadership and management characteristics.
This study aims to analyze the role of follower characteristics as a mediator between the influence of inspirational leadership on happiness at work. The sample in this study amounted to 98 employees at PT. Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero), Tbk. Branch Office of Batam. The data collection method uses a questionnaire and the analysis method of this study uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis through the Partial Least Square (PLS) approach using SmartPLS software version 3.3.3. The results of this study support the proposed hypothesis that there is a significant influence between inspirational leadership on happiness at work through follower characteristics mediation with path coefficient (0.423) and P-value (0.000 <0.05). The figure of a leader in inspirational leadership has a fundamental role that directly affects happiness at work.
A AUDITOR EXPERIENCE, LOCUS OF CONTROL AND OBEDIENCE PRESSURE ON AUDITOR JUDGMENT AT PUBLIC ACCOUNTING OFFICE, JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Hendrawan Agus 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:This study aims to examine the effect of Audit Experience, Locus of Control and Obedience Pressure on Audit Judgment as well as simultaneously. Audit Experience, Locus of Control and Obedience Pressure as independent variables. Audit Judgment as dependent variable.
Methodology/Approaches: The research method used is quantitative by using primary data questionnaires to the Public Accounting Firm in Central Jakarta area. The sampling process is carried out using the Simple Random Sampling method and this study uses a slovin formula with the result of 73 respondents. The data obtained is processed by data analysis techniques using SPSS version 25.
Results/Finding:The results indicated that: (1) audit experience has no effect and is not significant on audit judgment; (2) locus of control has a positive and significant effect on audit judgment; (3) obedience pressure has a positive and significant effect on audit judgment; (4) audit experience, locus of control and obedience pressure have a significant effect on audit judgment simultaneously.
Limitations:The scope of this research is only conducted in Central Jakarta, this study only examines three factors that influence the making of audit judgment so that it is possible that other factors that can influence audit judgment may not be known.
Keywords:Audit Experience; Locus of Control; Obedience Pressure; Audit Judgment.