bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abnormal Structures in Circulating Lymphocytes from Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Related Diseases
Authors: Grimley Philip M. , Decker John L. , Michelitch Herman J. , Frantz Molly M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA prospective electron microscopic study, incorporating blind controls, demonstrated tubuloreticular structures (TRS) in the buffy coat lymphocytes of 32 patients with connective tissue disease. From 1 to 8% of the lymphocyte sections were involved. The abnormal structures consisted of interwoven, electron‐dense tubules (220 to 280 Å diameter) which were located within the endoplasmic reticulum. Tubuloreticular structures were found in lymphocytes from 20 of 30 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 2 of 4 with discoid lupus erythematosus, 8 of 20 with other connective tissue disease and none of 22 control cases. Clinical evaluation of the patients with SLE disclosed no specific differences between those with TRS‐positive or TRS‐negative lymphocytes; there were some indications of greater disease activity in the TRS‐positive group. The biologic nature of TRS is unknown, but they have been linked to virus infection under both clinical and experimental conditions.
Relative T‐Cell Specificity of Lymphocytotoxins from Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Lies Richard B. , Messner Ronald P. , Williams Ralph C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphocytotoxic antibody activity of dera from 23 patients with systemiclupus erythematosus (SLE) was compared using three different sets of lymphocytes‐peripheral blood lymphocytes from 20 normal controls, perpheral blood lymphocytes from 10 patients with chronic lymphocytic leudemia (CLL) and thymic [thymus‐derived (T)] cells of 5 human fetuses. A marked decreased reactivity of the SLE sera with CLL lymphocytes and marked increased reactivity with fetal thymic cells as compared to controls was found. These data suggest T‐cell specificity of lymphoctotoxic antibodies in SLE.
Correlation of Histochemical, Histologic and Biochemical Evaluations of Human Synovium with Clinical Activity
Authors: Waxman Bruce A. , Sledge Clement B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOperative synovial specimens from rheumatoid, osteoarthritic and control joints were assayed for acid phosphatase content histochemically and biochemically; portions of these same specimens were incubated in tissue culture with chick cartilage, the collagen of which was labeled with 3H, and the protein polysaccharide of which was labeled with 35S. Activity of the disease process was also evaluated from clinical data and routine histologic examination. A linear relationship was found between the histochemical and biochemical determinations of acid phosphatase. We demonstrated significant associations between acid phosphatase content and histologic activity, between acid phosphatase content and clinical activity and between histologic and clinical activity. Rheumatoid synovia had a significantly higher mean acid phosphatase content than osteoarthritic and normal, but no consistent difference was found between osteoarthritic and normal. Rheumatoid synovia also caused greater cartilage destruction in vitro than osteoarthritic and normal synovia. These findings are interpreted as further evidence for the role of synovial lysosomal enzymes in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis and provide a rational justification of synovectomy in this disease.
Calcific Periarthritis Involving Multiple Sites in Identical Twins
Authors: Cannon Richard B. , Schmid Frank R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIdentical twins with calcific periarthritis demonstrable at multiple sites first developed painful episodes of inflammation at age 22.The occurrence of this disorder in twins has not been reported previously. This observation, particularly if supported by additional cases with familial involvement, supports the possibility that the disease might be due to genetic inheritance of a metabolic defect.
Differing Effects of Azathioprine and Cyclophosphamide on Immune Responses to Flagellin in Man
Authors: Mackay Ian R. , Dwyer John M. , Rowley Merrill J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAzathioprine and cyclophosphamide in doses of 3 mg/kg were assessed in humans with immunopathic diseases in respect to effects on humoral antibody production and counts of antigen‐binding lymphocytes in blood, using flagellin as test antigen. The results for azathioprine‐treated patients did not differ significantly from those for nontreated control patients, whereas for cyclophosphamide‐treated patients there was significant suppression of humoral antibody to flagellin, especially IgG, and no increase in antigen‐binding lymphocytes in blood after immunization. These and other observations, relating to inhibitory effects of azathioprine on T cells and antiproliferative effects of cyclophosphamide on B cells, could have implications for therapy of immunopathic diseases.
Bladder Toxicity With Chronic Oral Cyclophosphamide Therapy in Nonmalignant Disease
Authors: Aptekar Robert G. , Atkinson John P. , Decker John L. , Wolff Sheldon M. , Chu Elizabeth W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUrinary bladder toxicity is a prominent toxic effect of cyclophosphamide. Over 600 months of oral cyclophosphamide has been given to 46 patients with SLE, Wegener's granulomatosis, RA, idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, and hypereosinophilic syndrome. Thirteen (28%) had urinary bladder complications. Three distinct problems were apparent: chronic cystitis in 6, abnormal urine cytology in 3, acute hemorrhagic cystitis in 4.These patterns could not have been segregated without urine cytology. Persistence of abnormal findings may lead to irreversible bladder toxicity.
The effect of cyclophosphamide on leukocyte kinetics and susceptibility to infection in patients with wegener's granulomatosis
Authors: Dale David C. , Fauci Anthony S. , Wolff Sheldon M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn eight patients with Wegener's granulomatosis effective cyclophosphamide therapy significantly reduced blood neutrophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte counts; lymphocyte counts were most severely reduced. The turnover rate for DF32P‐labeled neutrophils were decreased from elevated to normal levels with treatment. Cutaneous inflammatory responses were normal before and during therapy. In five patients, cyclophosphamide eventually had to be discontinued because of progressive severe leukopenia. Infectious complications of therapy have not been observed.
Nucleolar antigen specific for antinucleolar antibody in the sera of patients with systemic rheumatic disease
Authors: Miyawaki Shoji , Ritchie Robert F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPhenol extractable nucleolar 7S RNA produced precipitin reactions in gel with sera containing high titers of antinucleolar antibodies (ANoA) and strongly adsorbed serum ANoA activity. Similar extracts from nuclei or cytoplasm lacked this ability. Extracted and single‐stranded DNA also precipitated with ANoA but was only slightly able to absorb serum ANoA activity. Precipitating ANoA was usually found in patients with systemic sclerosis or Raynaud's phenomenon but was also found in one‐third of patients with other rheumatic diseases.
Preliminary criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) evaluation in early diagnosed SLE and rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Trimble R. Bruce , Townes Alexander S. , Robinson Harry , Kaplan Stanley B. , Chandler Robert W. , Hanissian Aram S. , Masi Alfonse T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPreliminary criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were applied to patients with early diagnosed SLE and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who are participants in a prospective community study of arthritis of recent onset. Sensitivity of the criteria was 88%, and specificity against RA was 97.5%. Sensitivity increased to 92% without loss of specificity when high titer antinuclear antibody (ANA) was used as an alternative criteria manifestation to LE cells. These results show the efficacy of the proposed criteria for early diagnosed patients, and support the inclusion of high titer ANA in the SLE criteria.
Immunodiffusion and gel‐electrophoretic studies of human articular cartilage proteoglycan
Authors: Keiser Harold , Sandson John I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman articular cartilage proteoglycan has been prepared by non‐disruptive extraction with 4M guanidine and fractionated by CsCI density gradients. Immunodiffusion studies revealed at least three antigenic components. The proteoglycan subunit (PGS) contains an antigenic component common to proteoglycan of many species. The glycoprotein link fraction (GPL) also contains a species‐specific antigen identical to a component of human synovial fluid and one or more antigens in common with bovine GPL. SDS‐gel electrophoresis of proteoglycan fractions from normal cartilage yielded protein bands within the gels with GPL and a protein band at the gel origin with PGS. The proteoglycan subunit from the single sample of osteoarthritic cartilage studied gave an additional metachromatically staining band within the gel.
Hemophilus influenzae septic arthritis. A mimicker of gonococcal arthritis
Authors: Krauss Dennis S. , Aronson Mark D. , Gump Dieter W. , Newcombe David S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe rare occurrence of septic arthritis due to Hemophilus influenzae in an adult with systemic lupus erythematosus is reported. The clinical presentation mimicked disseminated gonococcemia with associated gonococcal arthritis. The features of this case as well as other bacterial infections known to cause confusion with gonococcal arthritis are reviewed, and the clinical and laboratory characteristics of septic arthritis caused by H influenzae are described.
IgM rheumatoid factor and low molecular weight IgM. An association with vasculitis
Authors: Theofilopoulos Argyrios N. , Burtonboy Guy , Lospalluto Joseph J. , Ziff Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe occurrence of IgG rheumatoid factor (IgG RF) and low molecular weight IgM (7S IgM) has been studied in the sera of rheumatoid patients with and without vasculitis. IgG RF was found in 67% of patients with vasculitis and in only 9% of patients without vasculitis. 7S IgM was found in 80% of patients with rheumatoid vasculitis and only 18% of patients without vasculitis. Both IgG RF and 7S IgM occurred simultaneously in 60% of patients with vasculitis and 6% of patients without vasculitis. Techniques for demonstrating IgG RF and 7S IgM in serum are described. The findings reported suggest that immune complexes containing IgG RF and possibly low‐molecular weight IgM may be involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid vasculitis.
Cyclophosphamide and lymphocyte subpopulations in Wegener's granulomatosis
Authors: Fauci Anthony S. , Dale David C. , Wolff Sheldon M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn 10 patients with Wegener's granulomatosis, low doses of cyclophosphamide produced: severe lymphocytopenia of long duration even after therapy ceased; a greater percentage decrease in nonrosette forming lymphocytes than in rosette forming T‐lymphocytes; normal in vitro lymphocyte responses to mitogens (PHA, ConA, and PWM) with suppressed responses to one of two antigens tested (SK‐SD). This regimen did not cause severe granulocytopenia and was successful in inducing and maintaining long‐term clinical remissions.
Lack of effect of gold therapy on abnormal IgG and IgM metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Mouridsen H. T. , Baerentsen O. , Rossing N. , Jensen K. B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTurnover studies with radioactive iodine‐labeled immunoglobulins (125IgG and 131IgM) and standard clinical tests were performed in 8 patients with rheumatoid arthritis before and after 2–5 months treatment with sodium‐aurothiosulphate (Sanocrysine®). Seven untreated patients served as controls. Fractional rates of catabolism and rates of synthesis of IgG and IgM were increased in all patients. After gold treatment there was a nonsignificant decrease in IgG metabolic variables, whereas IgM variables remained unchanged. The reduction in immunoglobulin metabolism correlated with clinical and serologic activity in only 1 of the 8 cases.
Aryl sulfatase activities in normal and pathologic human articular cartilage
Authors: Schwartz Edith R. , Ogle Roy C. , Thompson Roby C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAryl sulfatase A and B activities were measured in articular cartilage of patients with osteoarthritis, chondromalacia, avascular necrosis, and femoral neck fractures. Although the activities of both enzymes were higher in the tissue from individuals with degenerative joint disease, the most significant finding was the substantial increase in the B:A ratio in these tissues. It is suggested that whereas cerebroside sulfate is the substrate for aryl sulfatase A, either chondroitin sulfate or keratan sulfate is the physiologic substrate for aryl sulfatase B.
Interactions of extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) and double stranded DNA
Authors: Hamburger Max , Friedlander Lester , Barland Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractExtractable nuclear antigen (ENA) has been shown to inhibit the combination of anti‐DNA with double stranded DNA. ENA has also been found to complex with DNA by two different techniques. In one, red cells coated with DNA were shown to retain significantly more radiolabeled ENA than uncoated controls. In a second, DNA‐125I was found to be retained on a membrane filter after incubation with ENA, indicating DNA‐protein complex formation. It is suggested that the ENA may complex with DNA in vivo and that these complexes may retard the formation of anti‐DNA‐DNA complexes.
Immunologic reactivity in rheumatoid arthritis response to mitogens
Authors: Lance E. M. , Knight Stella C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe in vitro responsiveness of peripheral blood lymphocytes to a variety of mitogens was compared in cells from normal volunteers, from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and from patients with degenerative joint disease (osteoarthritis). A consistent and marked depression in the proliferative response to Conconavalin A was noted, while statistically comparable results were obtained with PHA and allogeneic lymphocytes. The significance of these observations is discussed with particular reference to a possible discrete defect in a subpopulation of T cells in these patients.
Experimental immune synovitis in the rabbit. Relative roles of cell mediated and humoral immunity
Authors: Goldberg Victor M. , Lance Eugene M. , Davis Phillip 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn experimental immune synovitis was induced in the knee joints of rabbits by repeated intraarticular injections of autologous and homologous lgG or lgG derivatives. Only in those animals which demonstrated cellular immunity by skin hypersensitivity and macrophage migration inhibition did we produce a significant synovitis. Synovial lysosomal enzyme actvity was significantly elevated in these rabbits. Cyclophosphamide had no effect on inhibiting the synovial response while ALS either markedly reduced or eliminated the synovitis.
Sulfhydryl‐dependent thermal aggregation of human gamma globulin
Authors: Gerber Donald A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHyaluronic acid (4 mg/ml) augmented elevenfold the copper‐catalyzed (7 βxM) thermal (63°C, 2 hours) aggregation of human gamma globulin (2 mg/ ml) in 0.075 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4. Almost no augmentation of aggregation occurred with hyaluron‐idase‐treated hyaluronate. Hyaluronate‐augmented copper‐catalyzed thermal aggregation was inhibited by L‐histidine, gold thiomalate, N‐ethylmaleimide, p‐chlo‐romercuribenzoic acid, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Together with previous reports of a decreased blood histidine concentration in rheumatoid arthritis, these studies provide a possible explanation for the affinity of this disease for joints.
Extensive phalangeal cystic lesions
Authors: Schriber R. A. , Firooznia H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA young black man is presented with a 33‐month course of insidious but eventually striking hand deformity and limitation of motion in the absence of any other symptoms. Radiologic and histologic findings of the digits support the diagnosis of sarcoidosis, though physical, laboratory, and chest x‐ray examination show no evidence of this multisystem disease.
Mechanisms of lysosomal enzyme release from leukocytes
Authors: Hoffstein Sylvia , Weissmann Gerald 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn order to determine the possible mechanisms whereby interactions between phagocytic cells and crystals of monosodium urate (MSU) lead to cell death with simultaneous release of both cytoplasmic and lysosomal enzymes, phagocytic leukocytes of the smooth dogfish shark Mustelus canis were studied by means of light and electron microscopy, and biochemistry. Lysosomes of these cells can be stained supravitally with toluidine blue and are large enough (0.7–0.8 m̈) to be clearly resolved with the light microscope. Light microscopic observations showed that of cells exposed to MSU 87% of those containing visible ingested crystals died within 1 hour, whereas 92% of adjacent cells in the same wet mount without such crystals survived. Cell death occured after a latent period of 10–15 minutes following fusion of lysosomes with crystal‐containing phagosomes. Electron microscopic examination of both dogfish and human leukocytes exposed to MSU for more than 1 hour and then fixed in situ revealed occasional discontinuities or ruptures in secondary lysosome membranes. Endogenous peroxidase activity could be cytochemically localized in primary and secondary lysosomes and in the cytoplasm adjacent to such ruptured secondary lysosomes. It was not seen adjacent to primary lysosomes, a result indicating that the cytoplasmic reaction product was not a diffusion artifact. To exclude the possibility that crystals were exercising their affect primarily upon the plasma membrane, suspensions of dogfish buffy coat cells were incubated with cytochalasin B (5 m̈g/ml, 10 minutes), which inhibits phagocytosis but not exocytosis of lysosomal enzymes by stimulated phagocytes. Whereas cells exposed to MSU crystals released 30% of their content of lysosomal β‐glucuronidase activity and 28% of their cytoplasmic lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity within 3 hours, preincubation with cytochalasin B reduced the release of LDH activity within that period to 6% but reduced the release of β‐glucuronidase activity only to 20%. Preincubation with 10–3 M cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and theophylline (10–3 M), which inhibit lysosomal fusion, reduced the release of both LDH and β‐glucuronidase activities to 7% and 6% respectively. Cells that were preincubated with both cytochalasin B and cAMP + theophylline released only 1% LDH activity and 4% β‐glucuronidase activity. These results are compatible with the “suicide sac” hypothesis of lysosomal enzyme release mediated by MSU for the following reasons: a) cell death was seen to follow uptake, not mere exposure to crystals, b) ultrastructural studies indicated that the primary injury was to the secondary lysosome membrane, and c) cell death was reduced when either phagocytosis or lysosomal fusion was inhibited.
Efficacy of lithium in rheumatoid arthritis with granulocytopenia (felty's syndrome)
Authors: Gupta Ramesh C. , Robinson William A. , Smyth Charley J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLithium carbonate was given orally for 6 weeks in varying doses to 10 patients with Felty's syndrome. All patients receiving 900 mg of lithium daily showed statistically significant elevations in granulocyte count during therapy. The effect was usually noted within a week and did not persist when the drug was withdrawn. The percentage increase in mean absolute granulocyte count varied between 138% and 617% of control value in different patients; the lower values were observed in those patients with basal serum lithium concentrations less than 0.5 mEq/liter. It is concluded that a consistent rise in peripheral blood granulocytes was achieved by lithium carbonate in a dosage of 900 mg daily in patients with Felty's syndrome.
Identification of neutral proteases in human neutrophil granules that degrade articular cartilage proteoglycan
Authors: Malemud Charles J. , Janoff Aaron 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) granule extract (25 m̈g of protein) released 60% of the available 35SO4 from labeled rabbit articular cartilage in 0.5 hour at neutral pH. N‐acetyl‐L‐alanyl‐L‐alanyl‐L‐prolyl‐L‐alanine chloromethyl ketone (NAc‐AAPACK), a specific elastase inhibitor, was only minimally effective against whole granule extract, and N‐α‐tosyl‐L‐lysine chloromethyl ketone, which inhibits trypsin but not elastase, was completely ineffective. Preparative disc‐gel electrophoresis of PMN granule extract revealed two separate regions with independent activity against 35SO4‐labeled cartilage. One region contained elastases and, when tested alone, was completely inhibited by NAcAAPACK. The other contained lysozyme and two esterases active against N‐acetyl‐L‐phenylalanine‐α‐naphthol. Purified lysozyme proved inactive, suggesting that the chymotrypsin‐like esterases were responsible for proteoglycan degradation by this region of the gel.
Spontaneous remission of felty's syndrome
Authors: Luthra Harvinder S. , Hunder Gene G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe clinical course of a patient with Felty' syndrome is described. This patient was unusual because during a 3‐year period of splenomegaly and leukopenia she did not develop repeated infections, leg ulcers, or other complications of Felty' syndrome. Then a spontaneous remission began. During the subsequent 6 years, neither symptoms nor signs of Felty' syndrome have recurred.
Synovial fluid lymphocytes in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Utsinger Peter D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThere is significant evidence implicating immunologic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To investigate the possibility that a cellular imbalance of T and B lymphocytes plays a role in perpetuating synovitis, an examination of the peripheral blood and synovial fluid lymphocytes of patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis was undertaken. A significant lymphopenia was encountered in RA patients, with values approximately midway between those in normal controls and the severe lymphopenia seen in a group of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. A significantly greater diminution of T than B cells was noted in RA, and normal percentage distributions of lymphocytes in peripheral blood were documented. Normal percentages of T and B cells, similar to those in peripheral blood, were found in synovial fluids of patients with seropositive RA, seronegative RA, osteoarthritis, and gout. Two seropositive patients exhibited synovial fluid, but not peripheral blood, lymphocytes that stained both for IgG and IgM. These cells regenerated predominantly IgM after trypsinization and short‐term culture with significant diminution of cells staining for IgG. It is postulated that double staining was secondary to surface immunoglobulins with rheumatoid factor activity binding intraarticular IgG. Such cells were not detected in peripheral blood in any of the groups of patients studied.