bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Negligible In Vitro Recovery of Macromolecules from Microdialysis Using 100 kDa Probes and Dextran in Perfusion Fluid
Authors: Dorothee Spille , Sørensen G. , Olsen L. R. , Bastlund J. F. , Sotty F. , Belling D. , Olsen M. H. , Mathiesen T. I. , Møller K. , Larsen F. , Birkeland P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMicrodialysis is applied in neurointensive care to monitor cerebral glucose metabolism. If recoverable, macromolecules may also serve as biomarkers in brain disease and provide clues to their passage across the blood–brain barrier. Our study aimed to investigate the in vitro recovery of human micro- and macromolecules using microdialysis catheters and perfusion fluids approved for clinical use. In vitro microdialysis of a bulk solution containing physiological or supraphysiological concentrations of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, human IgG, serum albumin, and hemoglobin was performed using two different catheters and perfusion fluids. One had a membrane cut-off of 20 kDa and was used with a standard CNS perfusion fluid, and the other had a membrane cut-off of 100 kDa and was perfused with the same solution supplemented with dextran. The flow rate was 0.3 µl/min. We used both push and push–pull methods. Dialysate samples were collected at 2-h intervals for 6 h and analyzed for relative recovery of each substance. The mean relative recovery of glucose, pyruvate, and lactate was > 90% in all but two sets of experiments. In contrast, the relative recovery of human IgG, serum albumin, and hemoglobin from both bulk solutions was below the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ). Using a push–pull method, recovery of human IgG, serum albumin, and hemoglobin from a bulk solution with supraphysiological concentrations were above LLOQ but with low relative recovery (range 0.9%–1.6%). In summary, exchanging the microdialysis setup from a 20 kDa catheter with a standard perfusion fluid for a 100 kDa catheter with a perfusion solution containing dextran did not affect the relative recovery of glucose and its metabolites. However, it did not result in any useful recovery of the investigated macromolecules at physiological levels, either with or without a push–pull pump system.
When will the Glomerular Filtration Rate in Former Preterm Neonates Catch up with Their Term Peers?
Authors: Wu Yunjiao , Allegaert Karel , Flint Robert B. , Goulooze Sebastiaan C. , Välitalo Pyry A. J. , de Hoog Matthijs , Mulla Hussain , Sherwin Catherine M. T. , Simons Sinno H. P. , Krekels Elke H. J. , Knibbe Catherijne A. J. , Völler Swantje 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aims
Whether and when glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in preterms catches up with term peers is unknown. This study aims to develop a GFR maturation model for (pre)term-born individuals from birth to 18 years of age. Secondarily, the function is applied to data of different renally excreted drugs.

Methods
We combined published inulin clearance values and serum creatinine (Scr) concentrations in (pre)term born individuals throughout childhood. Inulin clearance was assumed to be equal to GFR, and Scr to reflect creatinine synthesis rate/GFR. We developed a GFR function consisting of GFRbirth (GFR at birth), and an Emax model dependent on PNA (with GFRmax, PNA50 (PNA at which half of $${GFR}_{max}$$

GFR

max

is reached) and Hill coefficient). The final GFR model was applied to predict gentamicin, tobramycin and vancomycin concentrations.

Result
In the GFR model, GFRbirth varied with birthweight linearly while in the PNA-based Emax equation, GA was the best covariate for PNA50, and current weight for GFRmax. The final model showed that for a child born at 26 weeks GA, absolute GFR is 18%, 63%, 80%, 92% and 96% of the GFR of a child born at 40 weeks GA at 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, 3 years and 12 years, respectively. PopPK models with the GFR maturation equations predicted concentrations of renally cleared antibiotics across (pre)term-born neonates until 18 years well.

Conclusions
GFR of preterm individuals catches up with term peers at around three years of age, implying reduced dosages of renally cleared drugs should be considered below this age.
Measuring economic insecurity by combining income and wealth: an extended well-being approach
Authors: Petrov Dmitry , Romaguera-de-la-Cruz Marina 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we propose the use of an extended well-being approach to assess economic insecurity. Our main purpose is to study its dimension and identify its main drivers in the United States by overcoming the dichotomy between income and wealth. To this end, we approximate an extended well-being measure that includes monetary resources from income and the potential stream from wealth, which can be understood as an emergency reserve to cope with future economic difficulties but could also be a source of financial distress due to fluctuations in asset holdings and prices. We find that economic insecurity levels are larger when considering our extended well-being variable than income alone. Household income and non-liquid assets appear to be the main drivers of economic insecurity, although part of the US population was able to obtain higher returns on non-liquid assets and maintain their income levels.
Conjugation-Based Approach to the $\varepsilon $-Subdifferential of Convex Suprema
Authors: Correa Rafael , Hantoute Abderrahim , López Marco A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe provide new characterizations of the $\varepsilon $
ε
-subdifferential of the supremum of an arbitrary family of convex functions. The resulting formulas only involve approximate subdifferentials of adequate convex combinations of the data functions. Families of convex functions with a concavity-like property are introduced and their relationship with affine models is studied. The role of the lower semi-continuity of the data functions is also analyzed.
Anticoagulation control among patients on vitamin K antagonists in nine countries in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Mwita Julius Chacha , Francis Joel Msafiri , Pillay Chriselda , Ogah Okechukwu S. , Goshu Dejuma Yadeta , Agyekum Francis , Musonda John Mukuka , James Maduka Chiedozie , Tefera Endale , Kabo Tsie , Ditlhabolo Keolebile Irene , Ndlovu Kagiso , Ayodele Ayoola Yekeen , Mikomangwa Wigilya P. , Chillo Pilly , Damasceno Albertino , Folson Aba Ankomaba , Oyekunle Anthony , Tebuka Erius , Kalokola Fredrick , Forrest Karen , Dunn Helena , Karaye Kamilu , Jean-Pierre Fina Lubaki , Oljira Chala Fekadu , Assefa Tamrat , Taiwo Tolulope Shogade , Nwafor Chibuike E. , Omole Olufemi , Anakwue Raphael , Cohen Karen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractVitamin K antagonists (VKA) is the primary anticoagulant in most settings of Sub-Saharan Africa. Understanding the quality of anticoagulation services in the continent is vital in optimising the intended benefits. This study assessed the quality of anticoagulation and associated factors among VKA-treated patients in nine SSA countries. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of randomly selected patients on anticoagulation from 20 clinics in Botswana, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Mozambique, Nigeria, Tanzania, and South Africa. Eligible participants were those on VKAs for at least three months and with at least four international normalised ratios (INR) results in 2019–2021. We report the proportion of INR values in the therapeutic range, time-in-therapeutic range (TTR) using the Rosendaal method, and the proportion of patients with TTR ≥ 65% (optimal anticoagulation). The mean age was 51.1(16.1) years, and 64.2% were women. The most common indications for VKA included venous thromboembolism (29.6%), prosthetic valves (26.7%) and atrial fibrillation/flutter (30.1%). We analysed 6743 INR tests from 1011 participants, and of these, 48.5% were sub-therapeutic, 34.1% therapeutic, and 17.4% were supratherapeutic relative to disease-specific reference ranges. TTR was calculated for 660 patients using 4927 INR measurements. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) TTR was 35.8(15.9,57.2) %. Optimal anticoagulation control was evident in 19.2% of participants, varying from 2.7% in Tanzania to 23.1% in Ethiopia. The proportion of patients with TTR ≥ 65% was 15,4% for prosthetic heart valves, 21.1% for venous thromboembolism and 23.7% for atrial fibrillation or flutter. Countries with universal health coverage had higher odds of optimal anticoagulation control (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15– 2.81, p = 0.01). Patients on VKAs for different therapeutic indications in SSA had suboptimal TTR. Universal health coverage increased the odds of achieving TTR by 79%. The evidence calls for more intensive warfarin management strategies in SSA, including providing VKA services without out-of-pocket payments.
Advancing sustainable water treatment strategies: harnessing magnetite-based photocatalysts and techno-economic analysis for enhanced wastewater management in the context of SDGs
Authors: Ngulube Khumbolake Faith , Abdelhaleem Amal , Osman Ahmed I. , Peng Lai , Nasr Mahmoud 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHerein, we explore the holistic integration of magnetite-based photocatalysts and techno-economic analysis (TEA) as a sustainable approach in wastewater treatment aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). While considerable attention has been devoted to photocatalytic dye degradation, the nexus between these processes and techno-economic considerations remains relatively unexplored. The review comprehensively examines the fundamental characteristics of magnetite-based photocatalysts, encompassing synthesis methods, composition, and unique properties. It investigates their efficacy in photocatalytic degradation, addressing homogeneous and heterogeneous aspects while discussing strategies to optimize photodegradation efficiency, including curbing electron–hole recombination and mitigating scavenging effects and interference by ions and humic acid. Moreover, the management aspects of magnetite-based photocatalysts are examined, focusing on their reusability and regeneration post-dye removal, along with the potential for reusing treated wastewater in relevant industrial applications. From a techno-economic perspective, the study evaluates the financial feasibility of deploying magnetite-based photocatalysts in wastewater treatment, correlating reduced pollution and the marketing of treated water with social, economic, and environmental objectives. By advocating the integration of magnetite-based photocatalysts and TEA, this paper contributes insights into scalable and profitable sustainable wastewater treatment practices. It underscores the alignment of these practices with SDGs, emphasizing a comprehensive and holistic approach to managing wastewater in ways that meet environmental, economic, and societal objectives.
Graphical Abstract
Resource utilization in the sub-sectors of the textile industry: opportunities for sustainability
Authors: Kır Alperen , Ozturk Emrah , Yetis Ulku , Kitis Mehmet 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIt was aimed to determine the specific resource use and reduction potential profiles in various textile sub-sectors (cotton woven fabric dyeing-finishing, wool woven fabric dyeing-finishing, synthetic woven fabric dyeing-finishing, cotton knitted fabric, synthetic knit fabric dyeing-finishing, non-woven fabric, dyeing-finishing of knitted fabric). The main focus was to elucidate opportunities for sustainability in terms of decreasing resource utilization in the textile sector. On-site surveys and detailed data collection studies were carried out at 150 textile facilities. Average specific values for water, auxiliary chemicals, dyestuff, electricity, and steam consumptions, and related reduction potentials were calculated and compared within facilities and sub-sectors. The minimum specific resource consumption values reported in the Best Available Techniques Reference Document (BREF) for the textile industry and data of similar facilities from the literature were evaluated and used. A detailed environmental performance profile of the Turkish textile sector in terms of resource usage and reduction potential was generated. The highest specific water consumption was found in the wool-woven fabric sub-sector (345 ± 262 L/kg product). Although the specific auxiliary chemical consumption shows similarities within sub-sectors, the highest specific auxiliary chemical consumption (397 ± 237 g/kg product) was found in the synthetic woven fabric sub-sector. The sub-sector with the highest specific dyestuff consumption (30 ± 13 g/kg product) was the cotton knitted fabric sub-sector. The wool woven fabric industry had the highest specific electricity (7 ± 5.3 kWh/kg product) and steam (20 ± 11 kg steam/kg product) consumption. In addition, for all the studied sub-sectors country-wide, the lowest and highest reduction potentials in resource uses were 18 ± 15% and 73 ± 13%, respectively, suggesting a need for major full-scale implementations of cleaner production for enhancing sustainability in the textile industry.
Resistance exercise effects on hippocampus subfield volumes and biomarkers of neuroplasticity and neuroinflammation in older adults with low and high risk of mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Vints Wouter A. J. , Šeikinaitė Julija , Gökçe Evrim , Kušleikienė Simona , Šarkinaite Milda , Valatkeviciene Kristina , Česnaitienė Vida J. , Verbunt Jeanine , Levin Oron , Masiulis Nerijus 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPhysical exercise is suggested to promote hippocampal neuroplasticity by increasing circulating neurotrophic and anti-inflammatory factors. Our aim was to explore the interplay between the effect of progressive resistance exercise on blood biomarker levels, hippocampal neurometabolite levels and hippocampal volume in older adults with a low compared to a high risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Seventy apparently healthy male/female older adults (aged 60–85 years old) were randomly allocated to a 12 week lower limb progressive resistance or no intervention, stratified for low (< 26/30) or high (≥ 26/30) Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score, indicating MCI risk. Outcome measures were blood levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) or kynurenine (KYN); hippocampal total and subfield volumes of the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) and 4 (CA4), subiculum, presubiculum, and dentate gyrus measured with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); and hippocampus neurometabolites including total N-acetylaspartate (NAA), myo-inositol (mIns), and total creatine (Cr) measured with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). We evaluated the intervention effect, cognitive status effect, their interaction and the bivariate relationship between exercise-induced changes between the outcome measures. Higher kynurenine levels (p = 0.015) and lower subiculum volumes (p = 0.043) were found in older adults with high MCI risk compared to older adults with low MCI risk. Exercise-induced CA1 volume changes were negatively correlated with hippocampal tNAA/mIns level changes (r = -0.605, p = 0.006). This study provides valuable insight in the multifactorial processes related to resistance training in older adults with low or high MCI risk.
Myths and matters of science education: a critical discourse on science and standards
Authors: Dias Beatrice 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this forum paper, I grapple with critical questions about our understanding of science as a discipline and the education standards formulated within that framing. My exploration is contextualized in our current socio-political climate and is presented in discourse with Charity Winburn’s Meeting the needs of the individual student in the post-pandemic era: an analysis of the next generation science standards. I draw on Winburn’s astute observations about the narratives and epistemologies that shape our current science standards as a springboard for diving deeper into questions about the ways of knowing and types of knowledge traditions that are uplifted in US science education. Through a dialogic process, I outline a critical analysis of the myth of neutrality, the prioritization of epistemologies, and the standardization of learning ingrained in traditional science curricula. I conclude by building on Winburn’s hopes for science education with my own aspirations for bringing joy into our collective science learning experiences.
Trained innate immunity modulates osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation
Authors: Rahmani N. R. , Belluomo R. , Kruyt M. C. , Gawlitta D. , Joosten L. A. B. , Weinans H. , Croes M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMacrophages are key regulators in bone repair and regeneration. Recent studies have shown that long-term epigenetic changes and metabolic shifts occur during specific immune training of macrophages that affect their functional state, resulting in heightened (trained) or reduced (tolerant) responses upon exposure to a second stimulus. This is known as innate immune memory. Here, we study the impact of macrophages’ memory trait on osteoblast differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) and osteoclast differentiation. An in vitro trained immunity protocol of monocyte-derived macrophages was employed using inactivated Candida albicans and Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) to induce a ‘trained’ state and Pam3CSK4 (PAM) and Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to induce a ‘tolerance’ state. Macrophages were subsequently cocultured with hMSCs undergoing osteogenic differentiation during either resting (unstimulated) or inflammatory conditions (restimulated with LPS). Alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization, and cytokine levels (TNF, IL-6, oncostatin M and SDF-1α) were measured. In addition, macrophages underwent osteoclast differentiation. Our findings show that trained and tolerized macrophages induced opposing results. Under resting conditions, BCG-trained macrophages enhanced ALP levels (threefold), while under inflammatory conditions this was found in the LPS-tolerized macrophages (fourfold). Coculture of hMSCs with trained macrophages showed mineralization while tolerized macrophages inhibited the process under both resting and inflammatory conditions. While osteoclast differentiation was not affected in trained-macrophages, this ability was significantly loss in tolerized ones. This study further confirms the intricate cross talk between immune cells and bone cells, highlighting the need to consider this interaction in the development of personalized approaches for bone regenerative medicine.
Graphical Abstract
Estrogen promotes fetal skeletal muscle mitochondrial distribution and ATP synthase activity important for insulin sensitivity in offspring
Authors: Kim Soon Ok , Albrecht Eugene D. , Pepe Gerald J. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We previously showed that offspring delivered to baboons in which levels of estradiol (E2) were suppressed during the second half of gestation exhibit insulin resistance. Mitochondria are essential for the production of ATP as the main source of energy for intracellular metabolic pathways, and skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetics exhibit mitochondrial abnormalities. Mitochondria express estrogen receptor β and E2 enhances mitochondrial function in adults. Therefore, the current study ascertained whether exposure of the fetus to E2 is essential for mitochondrial development.

Methods
Levels of ATP synthase and citrate synthase and the morphology of mitochondria were determined in fetal skeletal muscle obtained near term from baboons untreated or treated daily with the aromatase inhibitor letrozole or letrozole plus E2.

Results
Specific activity and amount of ATP synthase were 2-fold lower (P < 0.05) in mitochondria from skeletal muscle of E2 suppressed letrozole-treated fetuses and restored to normal by treatment with letrozole plus E2. Immunocytochemistry showed that in contrast to the punctate formation of mitochondria in myocytes of untreated and letrozole plus E2 treated animals, mitochondria appeared to be diffuse in myocytes of estrogen-suppressed fetuses. However, citrate synthase activity and levels of proteins that control mitochondrial fission/fusion were similar in estrogen replete and suppressed animals.

Conclusion
We suggest that estrogen is essential for fetal skeletal muscle mitochondrial development and thus glucose homeostasis in adulthood.
Abundance and Distribution of Blue Swimmer Crab in Response to Environmental Variation Across Two Contrasting Estuaries
Authors: Hanamseth Roshan , Schilling Hayden T. , Johnson Daniel. D. , Suthers Iain M. , Taylor Matthew D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPortunid crabs are an iconic, high value species in NSW, but catches are highly variable in space and time. Substantial variation in biomass is observed in both exploited and unfished populations, and environmental effects on distribution and abundance are an important factor contributing to this variability. Predicting and responding to this variability is a challenge for management and sustainability of exploited populations. We examine spatial and temporal variation in Blue Swimmer Crab (Portunus armatus) populations, over a 2.5 year trapping survey in two temperate estuaries that differ in tidal flow and riverine input. Specifically, monthly catch rates and distribution throughout the estuary are examined alongside variation in temperature and conductivity. In Wallis Lake, the shallower estuary with a restricted entrance, both water temperature and conductivity impacted abundance and distribution of crabs but there was no evidence that pulses of freshwater flow had a major impact. For a 10 °C increase in temperature the population on average shifted ~ 700 m closer to the ocean. Males were consistently located slightly further into the estuary compared to females, but there was no convincing evidence of estuarine egression in response to lower salinity. In Port Stephens, the deeper, tidal estuary, water temperature and conductivity also impacted abundance, but while males were more dispersed than females, the distribution of crabs within the estuary did not appear to be influenced by temperature, conductivity or flow. These results highlight the links between nuanced environmental relationships and estuarine geomorphology for Blue Swimmer Crab.
Design of the Steering Feedback Controller of a Steer-by-Wire System Using Admittance Model
Authors: Choi Hyungjeen , Choi Seibum 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe steer-by-wire (SbW) system is a promising system in the realm of automotive engineering. It substitutes the mechanical connection between the steering wheel and the front road wheels with an electronic signal-based functional connection. The SbW system offers several advantages over conventional steering systems, including weight reduction, reduced vibration, and enhanced steering functionality configuration. However, the absence of a mechanical linkage in the SbW system gives rise to certain challenges. The SbW system requires endowing adequate steering feel such as damping and reaction force using feedback motor, and the road wheel needs robust control of pinion motor for normal load variation by passengers and self-aligning torque as external disturbance. The SbW system is composed of the steering feedback module (SFM) and the road wheel module (RWM). This paper proposes a control approach to generate steering feel for SFM, in which steering feel is generated using an admittance model based on velocity control. A disturbance observer is applied to ensure robustness of velocity control. The steering wheel torque versus steering wheel angle (T–A) curve is used to analyze steering feel characteristic and evaluate steering feel. The proposed steering system is validated through experiments that confirm its ability to provide satisfactory steering feel for vehicles. This work may offer a novel solution for the design of advanced steering systems in the field for the future mobility such as an autonomous driving.