bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autocrine growth mechanism by transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1 and TGF‐β1‐receptor regulation by epidermal growth factor in a human endometrial cancer cell line IK‐90
Authors: Sakata Masahiro , Kurachi Hirohisa , Ikegami Hiromasa , Jikihara Hiroaki , Morishige Ken‐Ichiro , Miyake Akira , Terakawa Naoki , Tanizawa Osamu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTransforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) enhanced cell proliferation in a concentration‐dependent manner in a human endometrial cancer cell line, IK‐90. Scatchard analysis of TGF‐β1 receptor in IK‐90 cells, using 125I‐TGF‐β1 as a ligand, revealed the presence of a class of high‐affinity TGF‐β1 receptors (2,000 sites per cell, KD = 74pM). Moreover, IK‐90 cells produced and secreted TGF‐β1: TGF‐β1 messenger RNA was detected at 2.5 and 4.0 kb by Northern‐blot analysis using 32P‐labeled TGF‐β1 cDNA as a probe, and TGF‐β1 activity in conditioned medium by the inhibition of 3H‐thymidine uptake into CCI 64 mink lung epithelial cells. We investigated the regulation of TGF‐β1 receptor by 4 kinds of growth factor: epidermal growth factor (EGF) but not TGF‐β1 insulin or insulin‐like growth factor‐I increased the level of TGF‐β1 binding sites in a concentration‐ and time‐dependent manner. These findings suggest that TGF‐β1 may be a potential autocrine growth factor in a human endometrial cancer cell line IK‐90 and that this autocrine mechanism may be affected by EGF.
Subtypes of epstein‐barr virus in HIV‐1‐associated and HIV‐1‐unrelated hodgkin's disease cases
Authors: De Re Valli , Boiocchi Mauro , De Vita Salvatore , Dolcetti Riccardo , Gloghini Annunziata , Uccini Stefania , Baroni Carlo , Scarpa Aldo , Cattoretti Giorgio , Carbone Antonino 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEpstein‐Barr virus (EBV) type 2 is considered to be a much less potent transformer of lymphocytes than type‐1. However, type‐2 EBV may be involved in the pathogenesis of non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) arising in immunocompromised patients, i.e., subjects with malaria or HIV‐1 infection. To determine whether type‐2 EBV may also play a role in Hodgkin's disease (HD) developing in immunocompromised patients, we characterized EBV subtypes in EBV‐positive HD samples from 10 HIV‐1‐positive patients as well as from a control population of 24 HIV‐1 ‐negative patients. Type‐2 EBV was detected in 5/10 HD samples from the HIV‐1‐positive group (I case showed concomitant type‐1 EBV positivity), but only in 1/20 HD samples from the HIV‐1 ‐negative group, indicating that, during HIV‐1 ‐induced immunodepression, type‐2 EBV may be pathoge‐netically involved also in HD, as previously reported for HIV‐associated NHLs.
Reproductive factors and survival from ovarian cancer
Authors: Jacobsen Bjarne K. , Vollset Stein Emil , Kvåle Gunnar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring a 29‐year screening follow‐up of 63,090 Norwegian women, 644 women were found to have an ovarian cancer with known metastatic status as their first malignancy. Of these women, 419 subsequently died of ovarian cancer. As reproductive factors, particularly parity, are risk factors for ovarian cancer, we investigated possible relationships between reproductive history and survival from ovarian cancer. Except for an improved survival in women with more than one abortion, no significant relationships were found.
Allogeneic bone‐marrow transfusion suppresses development of lung metastases in osteogenic sarcoma patients after radical surgery
Authors: Esartia P. T. , Deichman G. I. , Kluchareva T. E. , Matveeva V. A. , Uvarova E. N. , Trapesnikov N. N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOn the basis of experimental data obtained in Syrian hamsters, demonstrating the highly efficient suppression of experimental and spontaneous metastases of highly‐metastatic sarcoma cells by the use of allogeneic normal bone‐marrow cells (BMC), a clinical protocol for the suppression of lung metastases of osteogenic sarcoma was started in 1984 in the Cancer Research Center, Moscow. From this time onwards, 24 osteogenic sarcoma patients, at stages 2A and 2B were treated with a combination of radical surgery and a single transfusion of normal (non‐activated) allogeneic BMC (blood‐group and Rhesus compatible). The first results of this ongoing study are now presented. Metastases appeared in 11 out of the 24 patients, generally very early during the first 3–9 months after treatment and in no case after 2 years. More than 50% of the BMC‐treated patients were free of lung metastases after 2 or more years of observation; 8 out of 15 are still metastasis‐free after 3–4 or more years of observation following treatment. The differences in the frequency of metastasis and duration of survival without metastasis of treated patients compared with a group of 41 osteogenic sarcoma patients at stages 2A and B, treated with radical surgery only (controls) reached significant levels 12 months after treatment and thereafter. Rapid recovery of NK cytotoxic activity has been observed in nearly all successfully BMC‐treated patients.
Intra‐uterine contraception and the risk of endometrial cancer
Authors: Castellsagué Xavier , Thompson W. Douglas , Dubrow Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDespite the increasing world‐wide popularity of contraceptive intra‐uterine devices (IUDs), their potential long‐term effects on the risk of developing endometrial carcinoma have been poorly studied. This paper reports on the relationship between intra‐uterine contraception and endometrial cancer by analyzing epidemiological data from a large, multicenter, population‐based, case‐control study of epithelial endometrial cancer. Cases were 437 women, 20 to 54 years of age, with histologically confirmed epithelial endometrial cancer ascertained through 6 population‐based cancer registries in the United States. Controls were 3200 women selected at random from the populations of these areas. The age‐ and parity‐adjusted odds ratio (OR) for the association between ever having used intra‐uterine contraception and endometrial cancer was 0.51 (95% confidence interval (Cl) 0.3–0.8). Although the protective effect increased with duration of use, a dose‐response relationship among users was not statistically demonstrable. The association did not vary significantly with age at first or last IUD use or with time elapsed since first or last IUD use. Years of education significantly modified the effect of intra‐uterine contraception. Thus, intra‐uterine contraception appeared to be strongly protective for women with at least 13 years of education (OR = 0.29, 95% Cl, 0.15–0.6). It is proposed that intra‐uterine contraception exerts its protective effect through local structural and biochemical changes in the endome‐trium that may alter endometrial sensitivity and response to circulating estrogen and progesterone.
Urinary aflatoxin levels, hepatitis‐b virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma in taiwan
Authors: Hatch Maureen C. , Chen Chien‐Jen , Levin Bruce , Ji Bu‐Tian , Yang Guang‐Yang , Hsu Shang‐Wei , Wang Lian‐Wen , Hsieh Ling‐Ling , Santella Regina M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUsing a urinary immunoassay to measure aflatoxin metabolites, we examined the associations between exposure to aflatoxin, chronic infection with the hepatitis‐B virus (HBV) and background rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mortality in a cross‐sectional survey of 250 residents from 8 areas of Taiwan with a 4‐fold variation in age‐adjusted HCC mortality. Specimens of fasting blood and overnight urines were used to determine HBV carrier status and excretion of aflatoxin in the subjects surveyed. While the prevalence of hepatitis‐B virus carriers showed moderate variability, there was a 500‐fold range in urinary aflatoxin levels. Mean log‐transformed levels of aflatoxin metabolites were similar in males and females and in HBV carriers and non‐carriers. In the 8 townships, HCC mortality correlated positively with both area HBV carrier prevalence and mean aflatoxin levels. The primary analyses, however, were conducted at the individual level. Each subject's aflatoxin level was treated as the response variable in a multiple regression model, and the corresponding sex‐specific area HCC rate was included as a predictor along with the individual's carrier status, age and sex; alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking were also considered. In these analyses, a significant association was again observed between the marker of aflatoxin exposure and the background rate of HCC mortality. In females, the slope of the regression line was somewhat steeper in HBV carriers, but this pattern was not seen in males and formal testing yielded no statistically significant evidence of an interaction. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that aflatoxin plays an independent role in hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan.
Importance of E‐selectin (ELAM‐1) and sialyl lewisa in the adhesion of pancreatic carcinoma cells to acttvated endothelium
Authors: Iwai Kazuhiro , Ishikura Hiroshi , Kaji Mitsuhito , Sugiura Hiroshi , Ishizu Akihiro , Takahashi Chisa , Kato Hiroyuki , Tanabe Tatsuzo , Yoshtki Takashi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAdhesion molecules involved in attachment between human pancreatic carcinoma and activated endothelial cells in vitro were investigated. Basal adhesion occurred between 6 pancreatic carcinoma cell lines and unstimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), and augmented basal adhesion to activated HUVEC was only seen when pancreatic cancer cells expressed sialyl Lewisa (SLea) and sialyl Lewisx (SLex). Activation of HUVEC with interleukin l‐β (IL‐Iβ) or tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), but not with interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ), generated the augmentative basal adhesion. Dose dependence and additive effect were observed in augmentation of the basal adhesion induced by IL‐I β and/or TNF‐α. Increase in adhesion correlated with up‐regulation of the surface E‐selectin (or ELAM‐I) on HUVEC, and was evident at both 25°C and 4°C. Anti‐E‐selectin and anti‐SLea blocked the augmented attachment, whereas anti‐SLex, an antibody against another known ligand for E‐selectin, did not. The collective evidence indicates that attachment between pancreas carcinoma cells and activated endothelial cells is regulated by cytokines such as IL‐1 β and TNF‐α, and is mediated by SLea on pancreas carcinoma and E‐selectin on endothelial cells. These molecules may be of significant importance in blood‐borne metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma cells to inflamed sites.
Activation of the human mdr1 gene promoter in differentiated neuroblasts
Authors: Ferrandis Eric , Bénard Jean 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWhen treated in vitro with retinoic acid, many neuroblastoma cell lines undergo neuronal differentiation and show a significant increase in human multi‐drug resistance gene (MDRI) transcript levels. To determine whether over‐expression of the gene may result from activation of its promoter by differentiating agents, the activity of the human MORI proximal promoter (MDRI pp) transfected to 2 neuroblastoma lines treated with retinoic acid and forskolin was first measured using transient expression assays. The MDRI gene transcript levels of these 2 lines were then measured by Northern blots. The results indicate that retinoic acid and forskolin were able to activate the human MDRI pp in a dose‐dependent manner after transfec‐tion of the MDRI pp‐CAT constructs in the 2 cell models tested i.e., SK‐N‐SH and IGR‐N‐91, a new human neuroblastoma cell line. A significant increase in MDRI gene transcript levels was observed upon treatment with differentiation inducers in SK‐N‐SH but not in IGR‐N‐91 neuroblasts. These results suggest that the induction of the MDRI gene promoter is necessary but not sufficient to lead to an increase in MDRI gene transcript levels, according to the neuroblast cell line considered.
Identification of H‐2Kb‐, Db‐ and Dd‐binding peptides derived from amino acid sequences of polyoma virus T antigens
Authors: Reinholdsson‐Ljunggren Git , Franksson Lars , Dalianis Tina , Ljunggren Hans‐Gustaf 
Published: February 2007

AbstractViral and tumor antigens are presented to cytotoxic T cells (CTL) in the form of short peptides. The peptide antigen is transported to the cell surface in conjunction with molecules encoded by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Different methods have recently been described for the analysis of the MHC‐class‐1 binding ability of synthetic peptides. Here, we describe a protocol, based on intact RMA‐S cells cultured at 26 C in the presence of synthetic peptides, which gives an allele‐specific peptide binding pattern with high resolution. This allowed an analysis of the H‐2Kb‐, Db‐ and Dd‐binding capacity of a panel of synthetic peptides with amino acid (aa) sequences derived from polyoma (py) virus large‐, middle‐ and small‐T (LT, MT and ST) antigens, previously used in immunization experiments against py‐virus‐induced tumors. Eight single aa mutants and a deletion mutant of one peptide with an ability to bind both to H‐2Kb and to Db were also analyzed. We foresee that the present protocol, or variants thereof, may serve as a simple and rapid assay for the systematic screening of the class‐l binding ability of large sets of synthetic peptides in vitro. Such analysis may facilitate the search for viral or tumor peptide epitopes that are recognized by CTL.
Adhesion of human lymphoid cell lines to immobilized carbohydrates and to bone‐marrow stromal cell layers by surface sugar receptors
Authors: Gabius Sigrun , Wawotzny Ralf , Wilholm Sabine , Martin Ulrikc , Wörmann Bernhard , Gabius Hans‐Joachim 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCell‐surface sugar receptors may participate in interactions of lymphoid cells that influence their adhesive properties and proliferation. Their expression on cells of the pre‐B line BLIN‐1, the B‐lymphoblastoid line Croco II, the myeloma line RPMI 8226 and the T‐lymphoblastoid line CCRF‐CEM was monitored with a panel of 14 types of chemically glycosylated E. coli β‐galactosi‐dase at a non‐saturating ligand concentration. Quantitative differences were determined for the capacity of the different cell types to bind constituents of the carbohydrate part of glycoconjugates. They were corroborated by analyses of binding for lactose‐, β‐N‐acetylgalactosamine‐, β‐N‐acetylglucosamine‐and fucose‐exposing neoglycoenzymes up to saturation levels. Values of dissociation constants of the tetrameric enzyme were in the range of 3–300 nM. Several types of sugar receptor led to carbohydrate‐inhibitable adhesion of cells to 6 types of nitrocellulose‐immobilized neoglycoprotein, their effectiveness being most obvious for the myeloma cells. Analyses of the carbohy‐drate‐ligand‐mediated adhesion of the other cell types revealed a comparatively decreased response. Only a few carbohydrates among the 7 types tested were effective in reducing cell adhesion to a far more complex ligand‐bearing matrix than immobilized neoglycoproteins, namely bone‐marrow stromal cell layers: sialic acid and N‐acetylgalactosamine for B‐lymphoblastoid cells and rhamnose for pre‐B cells. These cellular interactions may encompass sugar receptors on the stromal cells and other types of molecular recognition in addition to the detected activities on the lymphoid cells.
Anti‐tumor activity of a blocked ricin immunotoxin with specificity against the cluster‐5A antigen associated with human small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Zangemeister‐Wittke Uwe , Collinson Albert R. , Fisch Igor , Jones Robert M. L. , Waibel Robert , Lehman Hans‐Peter , Stahel Rolf A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe monoclonal antibody (MAb) SEN3I, a mouse IgG1 which recognizes the cluster‐5a antigen on small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells, was used to prepare a selective and potent blocked ricin immunotoxin. In a series of experiments in vitro and in a SCLC xenograft model in nude mice, the tumor localization potential of the radiolabeled antibody SEN31 and the anti‐tumor activity of the immunotoxin SEN31‐bR, the non‐specific binding activity of which had been greatly reduced by blocking of the galactose binding domains of the B‐chain, was determined. Radiolabeling of SEN31 was performed by linking a 67Ga‐labeled desferrioxamine moiety to the oligosaccharide side chains of the antibody in order to preserve the specific cell‐binding activity. 67Ga‐SEN31 bound to the antigenic sites on cells of the SW2 SCLC cell line, with a dissociation constant of 3.5 nM and, when injected i.v., selectively localized at the site of s.c.‐growing SW2 tumor xenografts in nude mice, with a tumor‐to‐blood ratio of 3.5. The immunotoxin SEN31 ‐bR was potently and selectively active against SCLC cell lines both of classic and of variant morphologies. At a concentration of 300 pM the immunotoxin selectively eliminated 4.5 logs of clono‐genic tumor cells. In nude mice, SEN31 ‐bR was cleared from the blood with biphasic kinetics following i.v. injection and maintained a stable serum level during continuous i.p. infusion. The growth of s.c. SW2 solid‐tumor xenografts was delayed following a single i.v. injection or a continuous i.p. infusion, each at a non‐toxic dose.
Protein phosphatases limit tumor motility
Authors: Young M. Rita I. , Lozano Yvonne , Djorjevic Andelca , Maier George D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractElevators of cAMP, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), activate protein kinase A (PKA) and induce PKA‐stimulated motility and metastasis by metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma cells (LLC‐LN7). Non‐metastatic LLC (LLC‐C8) are unresponsive to cAMP elevation even though they are not deficient in the PKA enzymes. To determine whether this PKA unresponsiveness might be due to increased dephosphorylation by serine/threonine protein phosphatases (PP‐1/2A) within non‐metastatic LLC‐C8, the effects of the PP‐1/2A inhibitor okadaic acid on the migration and invasion by non‐metastatic LLC‐C8 cells was measured. Okadaic acid stimulated motility of non‐metastatic LLC‐C8 cells to a level that was comparable to that of metastatic LLC‐LN7 cells. PGE2 further increased the motility of the non‐metastatic LLC‐C8 cells when okadaic acid was present, although not in the absence of okadaic acid. The stimulation of motility by okadaic acid was diminished when PKA activity was inhibited. Dose‐response studies with concentrations of okadaic acid that selectively inhibited PP‐2A or both PP‐2A and PP‐1 showed a progressive increase in migration of non‐metastatic LLC‐C8 cells, suggesting that both PP‐1 and PP‐2A limit their motility. By contrast, metastatic LLC‐LN7 cells were more motile than were non‐metastatic LLC‐C8 cells, but this motility was only marginally affected by okadaic acid. Comparisons of the levels of PP‐1/2A enzyme activities in the LLC variants showed more activity in non‐metastatic LLC‐C8 than in metastatic LLC‐LN7 cells. The identity of the PP whose activity was increased in the non‐metastatic LLC‐C8 was assessed by using okadaic acid, which selectively inhibits PP‐2A activity at low concentrations and PP‐1 and PP‐2A at high concentrations, and calyculin A, which inhibits PP‐2A at a similar concentration to that affected by okadaic acid but is more potent at inhibiting PP‐1. The inhibition of PP activities by okadaic acid and by calyculin A showed a pattern which suggested the presence both of PP‐1 and of PP‐2A in non‐metastatic LLC‐C8 cells, but the presence of PP‐1 and a reduction in PP‐2A in metastatic LLC‐LN7 cells. The sum of these data suggests that PKA‐stimulated motility is restricted both by PP‐1 and by PP‐2A in non‐metastatic LLC, and that a deficiency in this restriction results in increased migration and invasion.
Enhanced expression of a tumor‐cell‐derived collagenase‐stimulatory factor in urothelial carcinoma: Its usefulness as a tumor marker for bladder cancers
Authors: Muraoka Keisuke , Nabeshima Kazuki , Murayama Toshihiko , Biswas Chitra , Koono Masashi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA mouse monoclonal antibody (MAb) E11F4, previously raised against the tumor‐cell‐derived collagenase‐stimulatory factor (TCSF) from LX‐1 human lung‐carcinoma cells, has been used to define the expression and distribution of TCSF in human non‐neoplastic urothelium and tumors of the urinary bladder. Immunohistochemically, TCSF was detected in 27/28 transitional‐cell carcinomas (TCC) of the bladder, of which 23 were judged to be positive for TCSF according to objective criteria. Twenty‐four of 28 non‐neoplastic urothelium from 22 individuals were judged to be negative for TCSF by this criteria. However, TCSF immunostaining that was confined to the superficial umbrella cells was frequently observed in nonneoplastic urothelium. In bladder carcinomas, TCSF was in most cases demonstrated in the majority of cells, including at the invasion front. Its localization to the cell membrane was demonstrated by immunoelectron microscopy. The high level of expression of TCSF in bladder tumors, but not in non‐neoplastic urothelium, was also demonstrated by immunoblotting of tissue extracts. Furthermore, E11F4 immunostaining identified tumor cells obtained from bladder washings or voided urine and detected more TCC cases than conventional cytology. Since TCSF immunostaining was positive even in low‐grade TCC (immunohistochemically and immunocytochemically in 4/5 TCC grade I), the application of TCSF immunostaining to urine cytology appears promising as a valuable adjunct to conventional methods in the clinical evaluation of patients with TCC. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Risk factors for renal‐cell carcinoma in a French case‐control study
Authors: Benhamou Simone , Lenfant Marie‐Hélène , Ory‐Paoletti Catherine , Flamant Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA hospital‐based case‐control study of renal‐cell carcinoma was conducted in France from 1987 to 1991. A total of 196 histologically confirmed cases (138 males and 58 females) and 347 controls (235 males and 112 females), matched for sex, age at interview, hospital and interviewer, were included. The risk of renal‐cell carcinoma was not apparently increased with number of cigarettes per day, duration of smoking or early age at first cigarette smoking in males. No significant trend was found in the risks with increasing Quetelet index (Ql) at the age of 20 in males. On the contrary, the risks increased significantly with an increasing Ql prior to diagnosis. In females, the trends in risks were significant both for the relative weight at the age of 20 and prior to diagnosis. The consumption of regular or decaffeinated coffee, tea or alcoholic beverages was not associated with renal‐cell carcinoma, in males or in females. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
C‐erbB‐2 oncoprotein in screen‐detected breast carcinoma: An immunohistological study
Authors: Soomro Salma , Taylor P. , Shepard H. M. , Feldmann M. , Sinnett H. D. , Shousha S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study was aimed at comparing screen‐detected and symptomatic breast carcinomas with regard to the prevalence of positive immunostaining for c‐erb‐B‐2 oncoprotein. Paraffin sections of 81 breast carcinomas detected through the National Screening Programme were examined for the over‐expression of c‐erbB‐2 oncoprotein using the avidin‐biotin immunoperoxidase technique and 2 different specific antibodies: 21N and 4D5. Twenty‐one other carcinomas detected in symptomatic patients were similarly examined for comparison. The screen‐detected lesions were of 2 types: palpable and impalpable which required needle localization prior to surgical removal. Of the 81 screen‐detected tumours, only 8 were c‐erbB‐2 positive, compared with 5 out of 21 non‐screen‐detected tumours. When only invasive carcinomas were considered, 5 out of 63 screen‐detected cases were positive, compared with 5 out of 15 symptomatic cases. Four out of the 5 screen‐detected positive invasive carcinomas were clinically palpable. Our results show an obvious trend towards a lower prevalence of c‐erbB‐2 oncoprotein over‐expression in screen‐detected carcinomas. As this over‐expression is thought to be associated with increased tumour aggressiveness, the findings suggest a low prevalence of aggressive tumours in screen‐detected lesions, particularly impalpable invasive carcinomas, identified so far. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.