bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term risk of invasive cervical cancer after treatment of squamous cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Soutter William Patrick , Sasieni Peter , Panoskaltsis Theo 
Published: November 2005

AbstractInvasive cancer of the cervix after treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is becoming more important, as screening reduces the incidence of invasive disease. The rate of invasive cervical or vaginal cancer following treatment for CIN in UK remains elevated for at least 8 years. The aim of our study was to determine from international data how long this rate remains elevated and whether the rate of invasive disease reflects the rate of posttreatment CIN. The aim was to determine why the rate of invasive disease does not fall. A search of Medline and a secondary search of cited references identified 1,848 articles referring to the success rate of the treatment of CIN. Only 26 cohorts from 25 articles met all the inclusion criteria. The policy in these was to perform at least annual smears. After the first year following treatment for CIN, the rate of invasive disease remained about 56 per 100,000 woman years until at least 20 years after treatment. This rate is ˜2.8 times greater than expected. In contrast, the risk of posttreatment CIN declined steadily with time to about 190 per 100,000 women in the 10th year. Although the posttreatment rate of CIN falls with time, the rate of invasive disease remains static. It seems likely that this is due to diminishing compliance with follow‐up. Women should be encouraged to persevere with annual smears for at least 10 years after their treatment as this may offer them the best chance of detecting recurrence at a treatable stage. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection of a new mutation in KIT exon 9 in a gastrointestinal stromal tumor
Authors: Hostein Isabelle , Longy Michel , Gastaldello Bernadette , Geneste Gaëlle , Coindre Jean‐Michel 
Published: November 2005

AbstractGastrointestinal stromal tumors are mesenchymal tumors arising in the stomach and small bowel and more rarely in the rectum, esophagus, peritoneum and retroperitoneum. These tumors are characterized by KIT or PDGFRA mutations. KIT mutations are all in frame and lead to constitutive tyrosine kinase domain activation without ligand binding. Mutations concern four exons (9, 11, 13 and 17) but mainly exon 11. We report a new mutation in exon 9, since only AY 502–503 duplication/insertion, FAF 506 insertion and P456S substitution have been previously reported. This mutation consists of a large deletion of 43 nucleotides and an insertion of 25 nucleotides. More surprisingly, the sequence inserted corresponds to the complementary sequence of the wild allele but in the opposite sense. To our knowledge, this mutation has never been previously described. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A report on the current status of European research on the use of human papillomavirus testing for primary cervical cancer screening
Authors: Davies Philip , Arbyn Marc , Dillner Joakim , Kitchener Henry C. , Meijer Chris J.L.M. , Ronco Guglielmo , Hakama Matti 
Published: November 2005

AbstractCervical cancer remains a significant public health concern, both at a global and a European level. A number of new technologies such as diagnostic tests for human papillomavirus (HPV) have a potential to assist with the reduction of this disease. However, both the efficacy and the cost‐effectiveness of these new technologies must be established in properly designed trials before they can be implemented within national public health programs. Our study reviews the randomized controlled trials that are currently being conducted in Europe to establish the performance of HPV testing as a primary cervical cancer screening test. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sub‐micron texturing for reducing platelet adhesion to polyurethane biomaterials
Authors: Milner Keith R. , Snyder Alan J. , Siedlecki Christopher A. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractPlatelet adhesion is a key event in thrombus development on blood‐contacting medical devices. It has been demonstrated that changes to the chemistry of a material surface can reduce platelet adhesion. In this work, it is hypothesized that sub‐micron surface textures may also reduce adhesion via a decrease in the surface area of material with which platelets can make contact, and hence a decreased probability of interaction with adhesive ligands. A polyether(urethane urea) was textured with two different sizes of sub‐micron pillars using a replication molding technique that did not alter the material surface chemistry. Adhesion of platelets was assessed in a physiologically relevant shear stress range of 0–67 dyn/cm2 using a rotating disk system. Platelets were immunofluorescently labeled and adhesion was compared on smooth and textured samples. Platelet adhesion was greatest at low shear stress ranging from 0 to 5 dyn/cm2, and sub‐micron textures were observed to reduce platelet adhesion in this range. Additionally, non‐adherent platelets did not demonstrate large‐scale activation after exposure to textured samples. We conclude that surface textures with sub‐platelet dimensions may reduce platelet adhesion from plasma to polyether(urethane urea) at low shear stress. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Tissue engineered cartilage using human articular chondrocytes immortalized by HPV‐16 E6 and E7 genes
Authors: Chen Wei‐Hung , Lai Wen‐Fu , Deng Win‐Ping , Yang Wen K. , Lo Wen‐Cheng , Wu Cheng‐Chia , Yang Den‐Mei , Lai Ming‐Tang , Lin Che‐Tong , Lin Tsou‐Wen , Yang Charng‐Bin 
Published: November 2005

AbstractChondrocytes are useful as a cell culture system for studying arthritic degeneration in tissue engineered cartilage. However, primary chondrocytes have short in vitro lifespan and rapid shift of collagen phenotype. In this study, we used a high dosage of retroviral vector LXSN16E6E7 to transduce human primary chondrocytes and obtained an actively proliferating cell line, designated hPi, which expresses HPV‐16 E6/E7 mRNA in early passages. Parental primary chondrocytes cease to grow after five passages, whereas hPi could be propagated beyond 100 passages without requiring additional cell elements in defined medium. After 48 passages, hPi can also give many profiles similar to those of parental primary chondrocyte, including type II collagen in mRNA and protein level, aggrecan in mRNA level, lacunae in type I collagen matrices, and morphology with GAG‐specific Alcian blue staining. hPi has shown neoplastic transformation, as examined by NOD‐SCID mice tumorgenicity assays for 3 months. Our results indicated that human primary chondrocytes could be immortalized by transduction with HPV‐16 E6/E7, preserving stable cartilage‐specific differentiation markers. The established chondrocyte cell line could provide a novel model to engineer cartilage in vitro and in vivo for cartilage repair research and clinical application. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Study on blood compatibility with poly(2‐methoxyethylacrylate)—relationship between surface structure, water structure, and platelet compatibility in 2‐methoxyethylacrylate/2‐hydroxyethylmethacrylate diblock copolymer
Authors: Hirota Etsuko , Ute Koichi , Uehara Mitsunari , Kitayama Tatsuki , Tanaka Masaru , Mochizuki Akira 
Published: November 2005

AbstractDiblock copolymers composed of 2‐methoxyethylacrylate (MEA) and 2‐hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) were firstly prepared (the composition ratio = 90/10, 79/21, 66/34, and 48/52 mol/mol) by anion living polymerization. ESCA analysis of their surface structures (dry state) revealed that PMEA segment was segregated to the top surface in all of the polymers, whereas the results of contact angle of water (wet state) showed that the surfaces were covered with PHEMA segment. In vitro platelet adhesion test showed that these polymers had the excellent compatibility with platelet compared to PHEMA homopolymer. Water structure in the hydrated copolymers was investigated by DSC and freezing bound water was observed for all the polymers like PMEA homopolymer, whereas it was not found in PHEMA homopolymer. Further investigation of water structure based on the results of DSC and EWCMS (equilibrium water content by moisture sorption) suggested that freezing bound water existed in PHEMA segment in addition to PMEA segment. We have proposed that the water plays a key role in the appearance of good blood compatibility of the copolymer, according to our previous works (Tanaka et al. Biomacromolecules 2002;3:36–41, Tanaka et al. J Biomed Mater Res A 2004;68:684–695). © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Determining the degree of cortical bone asymmetry in bilateral, nonpathological, human femur pairs
Authors: Rosenbaum Teri G. , Hamblin Tracy , Bloebaum Roy D. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractWhen testing the effects of a femoral component on cortical bone following total hip arthroplasty, the patient's implanted femur is often compared with his/her contralateral nonimplanted femur, with differences attributed to the femoral component. However, if normal anatomical differences exist between bilateral femurs, they need to be quantified in order to validate whether the differences between implanted and nonimplanted bilateral femurs are due to the implant or possibility due to intrinsic differences before implantation. This study quantified the geometric properties of cortical bone shape between seven pairs of bilateral, cadaveric, human femurs. The null hypothesis tested stated that the bilateral femurs would not be significantly different in cortical bone geometry. Digitized images of cortical bone cross‐sections taken at percent biomechanical lengths (levels 1–8) were used to calculate bone geometry measurements. The paired t‐test showed that the only significant difference was in the location of principal axes at the most proximal location, level 1 (p = 0.015). All other measurements and levels were not significant with percent differences less than 6.6%. In conclusion, the data supports attributing cortical bone shape differences between implanted and contralateral nonimplanted femurs in levels 2–8 to the presence of the implant when the significant differences are greater than 6.6%. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Osteoblast response to zirconia‐hybridized pyrophosphate‐stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate
Authors: Whited Bryce M. , Skrtic Drago , Love Brian J. , Goldstein Aaron S. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractCalcium phosphate bioceramics, such as hydroxyapatite, have long been used as bone substitutes because of their proven biocompatibility and bone binding properties in vivo. Recently, a zirconia‐hybridized pyrophosphate‐stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate (Zr‐ACP) has been synthesized, which is more soluble than hydroxyapatite and allows for controlled release of calcium and phosphate ions. These ions have been postulated to increase osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in vitro. The focus of this work is to elucidate the physicochemical properties of Zr‐ACP and to measure cell response to Zr‐ACP in vitro using a MC3T3‐E1 mouse calvarial‐derived osteoprogenitor cell line. Cells were cultured in osteogenic medium and mineral was added to culture at different stages in cell maturation. Culture in the presence of Zr‐ACP showed significant increases in cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), and osteopontin (OPN) synthesis, whereas collagen synthesis was unaffected. In addition, calcium and phosphate ion concentrations and medium pH were found to transiently increase with the addition of Zr‐ACP, and are hypothesized to be responsible for the osteogenic effect of Zr‐ACP. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Dissolution behavior and in vitro evaluation of sputtered hydroxyapatite films subject to a low temperature hydrothermal treatment
Authors: Ozeki K. , Aoki H. , Fukui Y. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractHydroxyapatite (HA) was coated onto titanium substrates using radio frequency sputtering. Some of the as‐sputtered films were hydrothermally recrystallized at 110°C. In immersion tests, the as‐sputtered film completely dissolved after 2 days in a culture medium, whereas the thickness of hydrothermally treated films increased with an increase in immersion period, reaching a thickness of 127% after a period of 4 weeks. The proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MC3T3‐E1 osteoblast‐like cells on the as‐sputtered and hydrothermally treated films were investigated, and the cell morphology was also observed using scanning electron microscopy. The proliferation of MC3T3‐E1 cells on the as‐sputtered films was suppressed, whereas proliferation on the hydrothermally treated films was comparable to that on control and titanium substrate. The suppression of cell proliferation is associated with an increase in pH of the culture medium caused by dissolution of the as‐sputtered film. After a 96‐h culture time, the ALP activity of the cells on the hydrothermally treated film was higher than that on the control, titanium substrate, and as‐sputtered film samples. From scanning electron microscopic observations, it was found that the MC3T3‐E1 cells on the hydrothermally treated films were elongated and had established more intricate filopodia networks with each other, which were also observed for MC3T3‐E1 cells on the as‐sputtered films after a period of 24 h. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
The effects of short‐term stimulation on fibroblast spreading in an in vitro 3D system
Authors: Puk C. K. , Miller D. J. , Gamradt S. , Wu B. M. , McAllister D. R. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractAlthough the short‐term effects of mechanical and biochemical stimulation on cell protein and DNA production have recently begun to be evaluated using 3D models, the effects that such stimulation have on cell morphology and adaptation remains unclear. Using a custom‐built bioreactor, we were able to create a systematic model to examine the short‐term effects of stimulation on cell morphology in a 3D model, specifically by evaluating cell spreading as the short‐term indicator of cell adaptation. Fibroblasts were seeded on a porous poly(L‐lactic acid) scaffold and cultured in a computerized bioreactor for 24 h under various uniaxial strains (0, 0.6, 3, 6%) and frequencies (0.0125, 0.125 Hz). Also, the effects of transforming growth factor (TGF‐β1) (1, 10, 100 ng/mL) were examined on static, nonstimulated cells‐scaffold constructs after 24 h. Fibroblasts that had been subjected to mechanical stretching were found to exhibit significantly more spreading than the static control group. Conversely, TGF‐β1 between 1 and 100 ng/mL did not produce any significant difference in fibroblast spreading from the control groups after 24 h. Collectively, the findings suggest that cell morphology and adaptation may be affected by short‐term mechanical stimulation, as seen by increased cell spreading by the fibroblasts under these experimental conditions. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Nanofiber generation of hydroxyapatite and fluor‐hydroxyapatite bioceramics
Authors: Kim Hae‐Won , Kim Hyoun‐Ee 
Published: November 2005

AbstractIn this study, we produced hydroxyapatite (HA) and fluor‐hydroxyapatite (FHA) bioceramics as a novel geometrical form, the nanoscale fiber, for the biomedical applications. Based on the sol‐gel precursors of the apatites, an electrospinning technique was introduced to generate nanoscale fibers. The diameter of the fibers was exploited in the range of a few micrometers to hundreds of nanometers (1.55 μm–240 nm) by means of adjusting the concentration of the sols. Through the fluoridation of apatite, the solubility of the fiber was tailored and the fluorine ions were well released from the FHA. The HA and FHA nanofibers produced in this study are considered to find potential applications in the biomaterials and tissue engineering fields. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006
A novel processing method for injection‐molded polyether–urethane scaffolds. Part 2: Cellular interactions
Authors: Haugen H. , Aigner J. , Brunner M. , Wintermantel E. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractA large‐scale scaffold processing method with injection molding has been successfully developed. Water was used as a foaming agent for the new technique. NaCl was used as a porogen to achieve an open‐cell structure. Organic solvents, which are common foaming agents for polyurethane, where not used. Toxic remains in the polymer were therefore prevented. Biocompatibility tested gave a mean optical density of 81% from WST‐1 proliferation assay. In comparison to the previously study processing method, hot pressing (Haugen H, Ried V, Brunner M, Will J, Wintermantel E. J Mater Sci: Mater Med2004;15:343–346), the current scaffolds had an increase of 20% of the mean optical density. Cell seeding showed that human fibroblasts adhered to the surface and proliferated. The spread of the adhered fibroblasts was uniform on the surface. A quantitative MTT analysis proved that there was a significant (p < 0.01) increase in the OD level after 7 and 14 days of incubation. This cell layer thickened with increased incubation time from 7 to 14 days (p < 0.05) and had typical fibroblast morphology. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006
Characterization of human primary osteoblast response on bioactive glass (BaG 13–93)‐ coated poly‐L,DL‐lactide (SR‐PLA70) surface in vitro
Authors: Ruuttila P. , Niiranen H. , Kellomäki M. , Törmälä P. , Konttinen Y. T. , Hukkanen M. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractBioabsorbable polylactide‐based polymers are commonly used for bone reconstruction. Although these polymers have proven successful in many applications, they do not have the capacity to induce osteoconduction. Therefore, several strategies have been developed to manufacture osteoconductive polylactide‐based composites. In this study, we have investigated in vitro response of human primary osteoblasts for self‐reinforced poly‐L,DL‐lactide 70/30 (SR‐PLA70) plates coated with spheres of bioactive glass 13–93 (SR‐PLA70 + BaG). Osteoblasts were cultured on SR‐PLA70 and SR‐PLA70 + BaG plates for 2, 7, or 14 days. By day 7, both materials induced a reduction in total cell population. However, by day 14 the proliferative response of osteoblasts on SR‐PLA70 + BaG surface was such that the cell population had regained similar levels as that of day 2 controls. Alkaline phosphatase activity was higher on SR‐PLA70 at day 7 but declined to control levels by day 14. There were no significant time‐dependent variations in alkaline phosphatase activity on SR‐PLA70 + BaG. After in vitro hydrolysis for 7 days, the elemental analysis of SR‐PLA70 + BaG surface showed the presence of mineral precipitates that were confirmed as crystalline hydroxyapatite. This was accompanied by osteoblast spreading, protrusions of microvilli adhered to BaG 19–39 surface, cuboidal phenotype and cell surface associated formation of hydroxyapatite microspheres. In conclusion, the SR‐PLA70 + BaG composite is capable of inducing a proliferative response of human primary osteoblasts, and appears to support the development of mature osteoblast phenotype. Therefore, the SR‐PLA70 + BaG composites appear as promising osteoconductive scaffold candidates for reconstruction and regeneration of bone matrix. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006
PLP1 alternative splicing in differentiating oligodendrocytes: Characterization of an exonic splicing enhancer
Authors: Wang Erming , Huang Zhong , Hobson Grace M. , Dimova Neviana , Sperle Karen , McCullough Andrew , Cambi Franca 
Published: November 2005

AbstractProteolipid protein (PLP) and DM20 are generated by alternative splicing of exon 3B of PLP1 transcript in differentiating oligodendrocytes. We investigated the role of exonic splicing enhancers (ESE) in the selection of PLP 5′ donor site, focusing on putative ASF/SF2, and SC35 binding motifs in exon 3B on the basis of mutations that cause disease in humans. Mutations in a putative ASF/SF2 binding motif (nucleotides 406–412) reduced PLP 5′ donor site selection, whereas a mutation in a putative SC35 binding motif (nucleotides 382–389) had no effect. UV crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (IP) assays using an antibody to ASF/SF2 showed that the ASF/SF2 protein specifically binds to the ESE (nucleotides 406–412). The single nucleotide mutations that reduced PLP splice site selection greatly diminished ASF/SF2 protein binding to this motif. We next tested the effect of overexpressed ASF/SF2 on PLP 5′splice selection in differentiating oligodendrocytes. ASF/SF2 positively regulates PLP splice site selection in a concentration‐dependent manner. Disruption of the putative ASF/SF2 binding site in exon 3B reduced the positive effect of ASF/SF2 on PLP splicing. We conclude that an ESE in exon3B regulates PLP 5′ donor site selection and that ASF/SF2 protein participates in the regulation of PLP alternative splicing in oligodendrocytes. J. Cell. Biochem. 97: 999–1016, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Curcumin blocks activation of pancreatic stellate cells
Authors: Masamune Atsushi , Suzuki Noriaki , Kikuta Kazuhiro , Satoh Masahiro , Satoh Kennichi , Shimosegawa Tooru 
Published: November 2005

AbstractActivated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of pancreatic fibrosis and inflammation. Inhibition of activation and cell functions of PSCs is a potential target for the treatment of pancreatic fibrosis and inflammation. The polyphenol compound curcumin is the yellow pigment in curry, and has anti‐inflammatory and anti‐fibrotic properties. We here evaluated the effects of curcumin on the activation and cell functions of PSCs. PSCs were isolated from rat pancreas tissue and used in their culture‐activated, myofibroblast‐like phenotype unless otherwise stated. The effects of curcumin on proliferation, α‐smooth muscle actin gene expression, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)‐1 production, and collagen expression were examined. The effect of curcumin on the activation of freshly isolated cells in culture was also assessed. Curcumin inhibited platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF)‐induced proliferation, α‐smooth muscle actin gene expression, interleukin‐1β‐ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α‐induced MCP‐1 production, type I collagen production, and expression of type I and type III collagen genes. Curcumin inhibited PDGF‐BB‐induced cyclin D1 expression and activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK). Curcumin inhibited interleukin‐1β‐ and TNF‐α‐induced activation of activator protein‐1 (AP‐1) and mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinases (ERK, c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 MAP kinase), but not of nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB). In addition, curcumin inhibited transformation of freshly isolated cells to myofibroblast‐like phenotype. In conclusion, curcumin inhibited key cell functions and activation of PSCs. J. Cell. Biochem. 97: 1080–1093, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.