bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis and elimination of the output voltage imbalance for a half‐bridge boost rectifier under mismatched loads
Authors: Lo Yu‐Kang , Ho Chin‐Tse , Chiu Huang‐Jen 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIn this letter, the voltage imbalance between the dual output DC voltages of a half‐bridge boost rectifier with mismatched loads is analyzed by adopting an averaged circuit model. A compensating signal proportional to the voltage difference is added in the current command to eliminate the voltage imbalance. In addition, the adverse effects of the compensating current to the input power factor are discussed. Experimental results on a prototype circuit are given to confirm the theoretical analysis. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of gliclazide ability to attenuate the hyperglycaemic ‘memory’ induced by high glucose in isolated human endothelial cells
Authors: Corgnali Maddalena , Piconi Ludovica , Ihnat Michael , Ceriello Antonio 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundPatients with long‐term exposure to high levels of hyperglycaemia remain more susceptible to diabetes‐related complications, even with subsequent lower levels of hyperglycaemia. We sought to confirm the hypothesis that exposure to continuous increased glucose results in a memory of cellular stress in isolated endothelial cells, even when switched back to normal glucose, and to investigate the ability of gliclazide to attenuate this phenomenon.MethodsHuman umbilical vein endothelial cells were incubated for 21 days in normal glucose (5 mmol/L), high glucose (30 mmol/L), or high glucose for 14 days followed by normal glucose for 7 days (memory condition). The effects of gliclazide (10 µmol/L) and glibenclamide (1 µmol/L) were evaluated in the memory condition and added to the culture media early (first 14 days), late (last 7 days), or throughout the study. Oxidative stress and cell apoptosis parameters were investigated.ResultsContinuous high glucose increased reactive oxygen species, 8‐OHdG, nitrotyrosine, caspase‐3, and reduced Bcl‐2 expression. These deleterious effects were also observed in the memory condition. Gliclazide applied early or throughout the study improved all parameters. In contrast, glibenclamide showed no relevant effect on study parameters.ConclusionsOur results suggest that gliclazide prevents endothelial cell apoptosis by reducing oxidative stress. The results appear to confirm the hypothesis that exposure of cells to continuous increased glucose results in a hyperglycaemic cellular memory that remains, even when cells are switched back to normal glucose. Gliclazide attenuated this cellular memory, decreasing oxidative stress and protecting vascular endothelial cells from apoptosis. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The clinical significance of loss of control over eating in overweight adolescents
Authors: Goldschmidt Andrea B. , Jones Megan , Manwaring Jamie L. , Luce Kristine H. , Osborne Megan I. , Cunning Darby , Taylor Katie L. , Doyle Angela Celio , Wilfley Denise E. , Taylor C. Barr 
Published: December 2007

AbstractObjective:Given limited data on the diagnostic validity of binge eating disorder (BED) in adolescents, this study sought to characterize overweight adolescents according to types of overeating episodes.Method:Ninety‐six adolescents (ages 13–17 years) with recurrent binge eating (BE), loss of control with or without overeating (subclinical BE; SUB), overeating without loss of control (OE), and no overeating or loss of control episodes (CONTROL) were compared on weight/shape concerns and depressive symptoms using ANCOVA and post‐hoc least squares difference tests.Results:BE and SUB adolescents had higher weight/shape concern scores than OEs and CONTROLs (ps < .01). BE and SUB adolescents had higher depression scores than CONTROL adolescents (ps < .05). BE adolescents had greater depression scores than OE (p < .01) but not SUB adolescents.Conclusion:Loss of control over eating signals increased impairment independent of overeating in adolescents. Results support refining BED criteria for youth to reflect this distinction. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord, 2008
The quality of treatment of eating disorders: A comparison of the therapists' and the patients' perspective
Authors: de la Rie Simone , Noordenbos Greta , Donker Marianne , van Furth Eric 
Published: December 2007

AbstractObjective:The aims of this study were to investigate the quality of treatment of eating disorders (EDs) from the therapists' and patients' perspective and to compare their views.Method:The Questionnaire for Eating Problems and Treatment (QEPT) was administered to 73 therapists working with patients with ED, to 156 current ED and 148 former ED patients. The QEPT addresses the quality of treatment of EDs. ED diagnosis was assessed by the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire. Answers were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively.Results:Both therapists and patients most often mentioned focus of treatment, therapeutic alliance, and communicational skills as important aspects of the quality of treatment. However, they valued similar topics differently. Therapists valued the focus on ED symptoms and behavioral change more highly, whereas patients underscored the importance of the therapeutic relationship and addressing underlying problems. Most therapists work from a cognitive behavioral orientation, but protocol‐based treatment was not found important.Conclusion:There is an avid need for dissemination of evidence‐based treatment. Therapists' and patients' views supplement current evidence‐based knowledge on treatment quality of EDs. Optimal treatment of EDs will be facilitated when these three bodies of knowledge—the available evidence and the therapists' and patients' views—are integrated. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord, 2008
The duration of severe insulin omission is the factor most closely associated with the microvascular complications of Type 1 diabetic females with clinical eating disorders
Authors: Takii Masato , Uchigata Yasuko , Tokunaga Shoji , Amemiya Naoko , Kinukawa Naoko , Nozaki Takehiro , Iwamoto Yasuhiko , Kubo Chiharu 
Published: December 2007

AbstractObjective:To investigate which features of eating disorders are associated with retinopathy and nephropathy in Type 1 diabetic females with clinical eating disorders.Method:Participants were 109 Type 1 diabetic females with clinical eating disorders diagnosed by the structured clinical interview for DSM‐IV (bulimia nervosa [n = 70], binge‐eating disorder [n = 28], anorexia nervosa [n = 7], and eating disorder not otherwise specified [n = 4]). Retinopathy and nephropathy were screened and demographic, medical, and eating disorder related factors were investigated. To identify the factors associated with each complication, logistic regression analysis was done.Results:Duration of severe insulin omission and duration of Type 1 diabetes were significantly associated with retinopathy (odds ratios = 1.35 and 1.23, respectively) and nephropathy (odds ratio = 1.35 and 1.21, respectively) in multivariate regression analyses.Conclusion:Of the various problematic behavioral factors related to eating disorders, the duration of severe insulin omission was the factor most closely associated with the retinopathy and nephropathy of Type 1 diabetic females with clinical eating disorders by multivariate analysis. This finding may help patients who deliberately omit insulin become aware of medical risk of insulin omission. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord, 2008
Personality and eating behaviors: A case–control study of binge eating disorder
Authors: Davis Caroline , Levitan Robert D. , Carter Jacqueline , Kaplan Allan S. , Reid Caroline , Curtis Claire , Patte Karen , Kennedy James L. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractObjective:Questions have been raised about the validity of binge eating disorder (BED) as psycho‐pathologically distinct from other forms of overeating. Our purpose was to ascertain whether BED individuals differed in important ways from nonbinging obese adults.Method:BED adults were recruited from the community as were weight‐matched (obese) and normal‐weight control (NWC) groups. All groups were equivalent for age and gender distribution, and were assessed on several personality traits and eating behaviors.Results:BED individuals and obese controls did not differ on the personality traits. Both were more reward sensitive, and had greater anxiousness, impulsivity, and addictive personality traits than NWC. However, BED individuals reported significantly greater hedonic eating compared with the obese, who had higher levels than NWC.Conclusion:Our findings provided no evidence of a psychological identity unique to obese adults with BED although their eating behaviors are markedly hedonically driven—i.e., more responsive to factors external to physiological needs. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2008
Development of Pharmaceutical Drugs, Drug Intermediates and Ingredients by Using Direct Organo‐Click Reactions
Authors: Ramachary Dhevalapally B. , Kishor Mamillapalli , Reddy Y. Vijayendar 
Published: December 2007

AbstractHere we report on our studies of the use of combinations of amino acids, amines, K2CO3 or Cs2CO3 and CuSO4/Cu for catalysing green cascade reactions. We aimed to prepare the highly reactive and substituted olefin species 7 and 8, under very mild and environmentally friendly conditions, thus giving the hydrogenated products 10 and 12 through the action of Hantzsch ester (4) by self‐catalysis through decreasing the HOMO–LUMO energy gaps between olefins 7/8 and Hantzsch ester (4) through biomimetic reductions. Highly useful compounds 10 to 14 were assembled from simple substrates such as aldehydes 1, ketones 2, CH acids 3, Hantzsch ester (4) and alkyl halides 5 by diversity‐oriented green synthesis involving cascade olefination/hydrogenation (O/H), olefination/hydrogenation/alkylation (O/H/A) and hydrogenation/olefination/hydrogenation (H/O/H) reaction sequences in one‐pot fashion with stereospecific organo‐ and organo‐/metal‐carbonate catalysis. Highly functionalized diverse compounds such as 10 to 14 are biologically active products and have found wide applications as pharmaceutical drugs, drug intermediates and drug ingredients. For the first time in organocatalysis, we report the O/H/A/TE reaction to furnish high yields of transesterification products 11 by simply mixing the reactants under proline/K2CO3 catalysis conditions. Additionally, a novel organocatalytic H/O/H reaction sequence for the synthesis of alkyl‐substituted aromatics has been developed. Furthermore, for the first time we have developed organocatalysed cascade olefination/hydrogenation/hydrolysis (O/H/H) reactions to furnish highly useful materials such as 2‐oxochroman‐3‐carboxylic acid (14kc) and 2‐amino‐4H‐chromene‐3‐carbonitrile (14kj) in good yields. Experimentally simple and environmentally friendly organocatalytic two‐carbon homologation through cascade O/H/H reactions of aldehydes 1, Meldrum's acid (3c), Hantzsch ester (4) and acetic acid/triethylamine in ethanol has been demonstrated. Additionally, we have developed a green synthesis of the highly substituted 1,2,3‐triazole 17 from simple substrates through a two‐step combination of olefination/hydrogenation/alkylation and Huisgen cycloaddition reaction sequences under stereospecific organocopper catalysis conditions. In this paper we have found strong support for our hypothesis that, “decreasing the HOMO–LUMO energy gap between olefins 7/8 and Hantzsch ester (4) will drive the biomimetic hydrogenation reaction by self‐catalysis”. This self‐catalysis was further confirmed with many varieties of examples.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Carbon Paste Electrode Plated with Lead Film. Voltammetric Characteristics and Application in Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry
Authors: Bobrowski Andrzej , Królicka Agnieszka , Łyczkowska Ewa 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA lead film plated in situ at a carbon paste support was tested as a novel, potential electrode for adsorptive stripping voltammetric determination of cobalt traces in an ammonia buffer solution. To show the practical applicability of the new electrode, a catalytic adsorptive Co system in a supporting electrolyte containing 0.1 M ammonia buffer, 5×10−4 M nioxime and 0.25 M nitrite was selected and investigated as a model solution. Pb and Co ions were simultaneously accumulated in situ on the electrode surface: Pb ions electrochemically at −1.3 V) and then at −0.75 V, at which potential the Co(II)‐nioximate complex was also pre‐concentrated via adsorption. Instrumental parameters, such as the time of nucleation and formation of Pb film deposits, the time of accumulation of the Co‐nioxime complex at the PbF/CPE, and the procedures of electrode regeneration, were optimized to obtain good reproducibility and sensitivity of the Co response. The optimized procedure yields favorable and highly stable stripping responses with good precision (RSD=3% for a 5×10−8 M Co) and good linearity (up to 5×10−7 M, coefficient of determination, R=0.996). The detection limit was 4×10−10 M Co (0.023 μg L−1) for an accumulation time of 120 s. The method enables the determination of Co in the presence of high excesses of Ni or Zn. The voltammetric data were correlated with the structural characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF).
The γ‐H2A.X: Is it just a surrogate marker of double‐strand breaks or much more?
Authors: Ismail Ismail Hassan , Hendzel Michael J 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIn recent years, several histone modifications have been implicated in the cellular response to DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs). One of the best characterized histone modifications important in DSB repair is the phosphorylation of histone H2A variant, H2A.X. In response to DSBs, H2A.X is phosphorylated and this phosphorylation is required for DSB signaling and the retention of repair proteins at the break site. Despite the existing picture that the function of H2A.X is to promote DNA repair, very recent data suggest that the phosphorylation of histone H2A.X has additional functions. This is analogous to histone H3 phosphorylation on serine 10, which participates in seemingly incompatible functions—transcriptional activation and mitosis. In this review, we discuss the role of histone H2A.X in maintaining genomic stability and review emerging evidence that histone H2A.X is multifunctional. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On the reliability of long‐period response spectral ordinates from digital accelerograms
Authors: Paolucci Roberto , Rovelli Antonio , Faccioli Ezio , Cauzzi Carlo , Finazzi Daniela , Vanini Manuela , Di Alessandro Carola , Calderoni Giovanna 
Published: December 2007

AbstractUsing records from co‐located broadband and digital strong motion (SM) instruments, it is first shown that the displacement waveforms obtained by double integration of the accelerogram need not be free of unrealistic baseline drift to yield reliable spectral ordinates up to at least 10 s. Secondly, to provide objective criteria for selecting reliable digital SM records for ground motion predictions at long periods, a set of synthetic accelerograms contaminated by random long‐period noise has been used, and the difference between the original accelerograms and the spurious ones in terms of response spectra has been quantified, by introducing a noise index that can be easily calculated based on the velocity waveform of the record. The results of this study suggest that high‐pass filtering the digital acceleration record from a cutoff period selected to suppress baseline drifts on the displacement waveform appears to be in most cases too conservative and unduly depletes reliable information on long‐period spectral ordinates. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Unity in diversity: Lessons from macaque societies
Authors: Thierry Bernard 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe macaque radiation is as old as the hominin radiation, approximately 7 million years. After Homo, Macaca has the widest geographical range among primates, and both of these genera are present in tropical and temperate regions as well. Whereas the single extant representative of the genus Homo diverged through processes of cultural diversification, extant species of macaques emerged through processes of evolutionary diversification. Macaque societies are characterized by profound unity and great diversity, and can best be described as variations on the same theme. To understand macaque variation and adaptation, we must take into account the processes that insure the persistence of their societies across generations and environments.
Advances in optically stimulated luminescence dating of individual grains of quartz from archeological deposits
Authors: Jacobs Zenobia , Roberts Richard G. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractPaleoanthropologists and archeologists interested in occupation histories, faunal remains, and objects of material culture have become increasingly reliant on optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating to construct Quaternary chronologies. In part, the increased use of OSL dating reflects its capacity to date events beyond the range of radiocarbon dating and in contexts where suitable organic materials are absent. An earlier review in Evolutionary Anthropology by Feathers1 provides a general account of the principles of luminescence dating. Since then, however, important advances have been made in OSL dating of quartz, so that it is now possible to date individual sand‐sized grains and thereby resolve issues of postdepositional mixing of archeological sediments. In this review, we discuss the most important of these advances and their implications with regard to improved age control of archeological sites. We cover aspects of instrumental and methodological development that have facilitated the widespread measurement of single grains related to archeological questions and illustrate our review with some examples of where archeological problems have been resolved using single‐grain OSL dating. We do not propose single‐grain dating as a panacea, because there are instances where it is not straightforward to use or the results may be difficult to interpret; dating in such contexts remains the subject of continuing research.
The effect of oxygen concentration on CO and soot yields in fires
Authors: Brohez S. , Marlair G. , Delvosalle C. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIn addition to global ventilation effects on fires, vitiation of air can also affect the generation of chemical species in a built environment. Experiments were performed at lab‐scale with the Fire Propagation Apparatus (ASTM E2058) in order to study the effect of air vitiation on CO and soot yields. Results regarding the fuel burning rate are also presented. Both carbon dioxide and nitrogen were used as diluents in the inlet air flows. The oxygen concentration was decreased stepwise until the extinction point was reached. A first set of experiments was performed in well‐ventilated fire conditions (equivalence ratio between 0.1 and 0.25). A second set of experiments was carried out in under‐ventilated fire conditions (equivalence ratio equal to 1.1). A procedure is proposed for experimental data reduction. The results revealed themselves useful for improving combustion sub‐model predictions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alluvial cycles, climate, and puebloan settlement shifts near Zuni Salt Lake, New Mexico, USA
Authors: Huckleberry Gary , Duff Andrew I. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractTwenty‐seven 14C dates from alluvial deposits and soils exposed in modern arroyos near Zuni Salt Lake, New Mexico, provide evidence for past episodes of piedmont and valley entrenchment by low‐order ephemeral streams. We recognize two episodes of entrenchment at A.D. 900–1050 and A.D. 1300–1400 that correlate to other arroyo‐cutting events in the region. Episodes of piedmont and valley entrenchment are followed by approximately 200–300 years of aggradation until arroyos are filled and shallow flooding with expansive sedimentation returns, completing an alluvial cycle. Many alluvial cycles appear synchronous across much of the southern Colorado Plateau and are likely linked to changes in climate and flood regime. Flooding on small basin drainages near Zuni Salt Lake is related to the Southwest summer monsoon, a meteorological event that is poorly linked to El Niño. Alluvial cycles on small basin drainages affected indigenous floodwater farming by locally lowering water tables and reducing irrigable area during phases of entrenchment and contributed to the aggregation of Puebloan communities on the southern Colorado Plateau in the A.D. 1300s. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Improved application of independent component analysis to functional magnetic resonance imaging study via linear projection techniques
Authors: Long Zhiying , Chen Kewei , Wu Xia , Reiman Eric , Peng Danling , Yao Li 
Published: December 2007

AbstractSpatial Independent component analysis (sICA) has been widely used to analyze functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. The well accepted implicit assumption is the spatially statistical independency of intrinsic sources identified by sICA, making the sICA applications difficult for data in which there exist interdependent sources and confounding factors. This interdependency can arise, for instance, from fMRI studies investigating two tasks in a single session. In this study, we introduced a linear projection approach and considered its utilization as a tool to separate task‐related components from two‐task fMRI data. The robustness and feasibility of the method are substantiated through simulation on computer data and fMRI real rest data. Both simulated and real two‐task fMRI experiments demonstrated that sICA in combination with the projection method succeeded in separating spatially dependent components and had better detection power than pure model‐based method when estimating activation induced by each task as well as both tasks. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
When do infants differentiate profile face from frontal face? A near‐infrared spectroscopic study
Authors: Nakato Emi , Otsuka Yumiko , Kanazawa So , Yamaguchi Masami K. , Watanabe Shoko , Kakigi Ryusuke 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to determine whether a developmental difference occurs in brain activity when infants look at frontal and profile views using near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), which is an optical imaging technique used to measure changes in the concentrations of oxyhemoglobin (oxy‐Hb), deoxyhemoglobin (deoxy‐Hb), and total hemoglobin (total‐Hb). For this objective, we compared NIRS results in two age groups, 5‐ and 8‐month‐old infants, while they were looking at frontal views, profile views, and objects. We found that the concentration of oxy‐Hb and total‐Hb in the 5‐month‐old group increased for only frontal views in the right temporal regions. In contrast, the concentration of oxy‐Hb and total‐Hb in the 8‐month‐old group increased for both frontal and profile views in the right temporal regions. Therefore, the present study indicated that the right hemisphere was dominant for the perception of profile views as well as frontal views. In addition, the most important and interesting finding was that the infants' brain activity of the face area would become view‐invariant at the age of 8 months but not at 5 months. The developmental period for view‐invariant face recognition has been discussed in previous psychological studies, but this is the first objective study to confirm that the period is between 5‐ and 8‐months by measuring the blood flow in the brain using NIRS. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.