bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FOAMY HISTIOCYTES IN THE SPLEEN ASSOCIATED WITH IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA
Authors: Ishihara Tokuhiro , Matsumoto Noboru , Uchino Fumiya 
Published: December 2008

Six spleens removed from patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) have been examined light and electron microscopically.Foamy histiocytes were found either scatterlngly or in clusters in two cases, and myelin structures were demonstrated in these foamy cells. Various stages of platelet phagocytosis and their intracellular degradation were recognized in the macrophages. These findings support the concept that the appearance of foamy cells in ITP spleens is a result of enhanced destruction of platelet in the spleen.
THE SITE OF ACTION OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS IN THE PRIMARY ANTIBODY RESPONSE OF THE RAT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO IgE ANTIBODY FORMATION
Authors: Taniguchi Masaru 
Published: December 2008

Serological and histological examinations were performed on rats that had been treated with one of six representative immunosuppressive agents i.e., X‐rays, BUDR, actinomycin D, cortisone, cyclophosphamide, antithymocyte serum, together with antigenic stimulation.These treatments resulted in either augmentation or suppression of antibody response of various immunoglobulin classes, primarily depending on the time when they were administered. Animals undergoing the immune response under the influence of immunosuppressants exhibited characteristic changes in the lymphoid tissues, which corresponded to the changes in serum antibodies. Especially, it was clearly shown that IgE antibody formation was most sharply influenced by the treatments causing the depletion of lymphocytes in the thymus‐dependent area of lymphoid tissues.The results were discussed with reference to the regulatory role of thymus‐derived lymphocytes (T cells) in the immune response.
THREE AUTOPSY CASES OF SO‐CALLED NEONATAL NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS
Authors: Shimokawa Reiko , Sakamoto Atsuhiko , Mori Wataru 
Published: December 2008

Three autopsied cases of so‐called neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis are reported here with a brief discussion on its pathogenesis.The three cases were all male, the age at death ranging from 5 days to 2 months. All the parents of the patients were in good health, and there was no abnormal history during pregnancy and delivery. The onset of illness was between the 4th and 46th day of life. Culture of the feces was done with two cases, one showing E, coli and Enterobacter, and the other E. eoll and Pseudomonas aer.Multiple ulcers were seen, in the stomach down to the rectum in the 1st, in the duodenum to the rectum in the 2nd, and in the duodenum to the descending colon in the 3rd case. These ulcers were of various depths, and the ulcer‐floor was usually clean. Generally, the intestinall wall was thickened, hard, and frail. Histologically, the ulcers extended usually Into the submucosa, where slight to moderate Infiltration of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and histiocytes was seen. Occasionally the ulcers were found reaching the muscular layer, where phlegmonous inflammation was seen. The neural plexus of the intestinal wall was normal. All the cases were of malnutritional status.It seems to be reasonable to postulate its pathogenesis as a circulatory disorder based on some infectious process occurring in the intestinal tract.
A STUDY ON FOCAL GLOMERULAR LESIONS FOUND IN RENAL BIOPSIES
Authors: Aizawa Shigeo , Hamaguchi Kinichi , Ohgoshi Eiki , Yamaguchi Yutaka , Ishikawa Eisei 
Published: December 2008

Focal glomerular lesions were light microscopically found in 32 out of 436 renal biopsies by blind selection. Glomerular lesions in focal distribution are not an independent disease entity and may include a variety of diseases. They may be found in the early stage of some diseases which will progress to a diffuse lesion and also represent defective healing leaving persistent proteinuria or hematuria.The judgement of the presence of focal glomerular lesions should be based on the prominent changes such as nodular segmental mesangial proliferation, adhesions, segmental hyalinosis, organized crescent and localized necrosis. In a very strict sense there were almost no normal glomeruli at the level of electron microscopy. The result of quantitation of mesangial area and nuclear counts suggests that normal appearing glomeruli are not absolutely normal. Serial section study may disclose hidden segmental lesions.The clinical outcome of patients with focal segmental lesions is not simply favorable. Proteinuria or hematuria often perisisrs as long as 10 years or more; however, only a few cases fall into chronic renal failure.Historical background of this condition was also reviewed.
AN AUTOPSY CASE OF MENINGIOMA WITH EXTRACRANIAL REMOTE METASTASES
Authors: Akagi Tadaatsu , Iwata Katsumi , Utsunomiya Toshihiro , Yoshimura Haruo 
Published: December 2008

A case of meningioma with marked extracranial remote metastases is described.The patient was a 33‐year‐old female and was operated according to a diagnosis of parasagittal meningioma in both frontal lobes. Nine years later, however, she died of local recurrence and extracranial metastases in the lungs, liver, pancreas and vertebrae. Histologically, the tumor was diagnosed as angioblastic meningioma with high cellularity, some mitotic figures and abundant intersecting network of reticulin fibers frequently outlining vascular architectures.
NEUROFIBROMATOSIS COMPLICATED BY INTRACRANIAL TUMORS
Authors: Horie Akio , Shigemi Unpei , Furushima Takeo , Tanaka Kenzo 
Published: December 2008

Four cases of neurofibromatosis complicated by intracranial tumors are reported. Case 1 showed an intracranial neurofibromatosis while the other three cases contained gliomas in various stages of malignancy.Japanese autopsy records for 11 years from 1958 to 1968 were investigated from a statistical point of view. Meningiomas and neurinomas associated with neurofibromatosis show an earlier peak of age distribution than that of those tumors without neurofibromatosis. There is no different age distribution between gliomas related to neurofibromatosis and the ones not related to it.These facts suggest that both neurinomas and meningiomas associated with neurofibromatosis are intracranial manifestations of neurofibromatosis perse, while complicated gliomas are thought to be an incidental neoplasm, probably associated with transformation of disoriented neuroglial rests.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ALTERATION IN THE RAT LIVER INDUCED BY MAPROTILINE
Authors: Tanaka Hisako , Watanabe Mitsutoshi , Hattori Yasuhiro , Furusato Masakuni , Takasaki Satoshi 
Published: December 2008

The fatty change in the liver induced in male rats by a new antide‐pressant, maprotiline, given at high‐dose was studied morphologically and biochemically.The accumulation of trilglyceride in the liver was related to accelerated synthesis of fatty acid in the liver in males, which liver triglyceride was decreased in spite of increased synthesis of fatty acid from acetate in females. Secretion of lipoprotein granules was noted in both sexes. The sexual differences of triglyceride contents in the liver and serum was influenced by sexual hormone. Proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and “fingerprints” were found in treated rats and these were correlated with the induction of hepatic microsomal drug metabolizing enzymes. The “myeloid bodies” induced in hepatocytes were considered to be of lysosomal nature. Both morphological and biochemical alterations in the hepatocytes induced by maprotiline were reversible upon cessation of treatment.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDIES OF THE MENINX
Authors: Matsumoto Hikaru 
Published: December 2008

The menlnx of mature rabbits is constituted of dural, meningothelial and arachnoid layers. The meningothelial layer is composed of meningothelial basal cells and overlying subdural cells with curiously lobulated nuclei. Subdural cells contain numerous intracytoplasmic filaments and desmosome‐like structure, which are lacking in fibrocytes located just beneath the dura. The arachnoid layer shows a framework of the arachnoid cells, collagen bundles and vessels, and cisternae as a channel of cerebro‐spinal fluid are enclosed by the lacunar cell cords. The pia‐glial membrane separating the brain substance from the arachnoid is often complexly swirled together with the processes of marginal astrocytes.Subdural injection of Candida krussei produces suppurative and granulomatous foci, and the Intercellular spaces tend to be dilated by a retention of oedema fluid, blood or exudate. Intraarachnoid injection of the organisms also produces acute and chronic inflammatory changes, and the dissociation of lacunar cell cords at the desmosome‐like attachment may result in a widening and dilatation of the spaces. The meningothelial lining and pia‐glial membrane are considered to be a sort of barrier to protect the underlying tissue from various pathological changes.
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF SIX CASES OF CASTLEMAN'S TUMOR
Authors: Harigaya Kenichi , Mikata Atsuo , Kageyama Keizo , Kameya Tohru , Shimosato Yukio 
Published: December 2008

A histopathological analysis of six cases of Castleman's tumor by means of light and electron microscope was performed, with a review of literature. All cases were hyaline‐vascular type as described by Keller et al. The morphology of lymphoid follicles in the lesions varied according to the presence or non‐presence of the germinal center which was from large active to emaciated hyalinized. The lymphoid follicle was essentially similar to that of normal lymph node undergoing some reactive process. Depending on the observation of serial sections, the lesions had lymphatic sinuses around the blood vessels in the tumor parenchyma, some of which were proved to be connected to the abortive marginal sinuses.These findings and some clinical records suggest that the lesion originates from the lymph node and is a result of its reactive hyperplasia.
A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY ON DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY — LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Yajima Gompachi 
Published: December 2008

A historical review and the present author's study on diabetic nephropathy have been presented.Three characteristic lesions in KW‐lesion, namely nodular, exudative and doughnut lesion may all be regarded as to be caused by severe circulatory disturbance occurring in intraglomerular branches of the afferent artery. This circulatory disturbance is considered to be brought about by sudden spasm of the peripheral portion of the afferent branches. The diffuse form of Bell may be regarded as to be a slighter type without severe mesangiolysis. Arteriolar hyalinosis and arteriosclerosis and/or atherosclerosis may be caused by intraglomerular circulatory disturbances. The most important problem in diabetic nephropathy, including KW‐lesion and Bell's diffuse form, is to elucidate the mechanism leading to the occurrence of spasm of the peripheral portion of intraglomerular afferent branches. Becker4 found fixation of antiactomyosin‐antibody in the mesangial tissue by the immunofluorescent method. Many studies along this line have been made, but none are adequate in fully explaining the mechanism involved.
INHIBITION OF SENILE AMYLOIDOSIS OF MICE BY BIS‐CARBOXYETHYL GERMANIUM SESQUIOXIDE
Authors: Kuga Norito , Oboshi Shoichi , Sato Hiroshi , Sato Ryuichi 
Published: December 2008

A mouse strain, ICR/SLC, was involved In spontaneous amyloidosis with high incidence. The amyloid deposition in this strain was seen mainly in the mucosal propria of duodenum and terminal ileum, liver, spleen, adrenal cortices, and renal glomeruli.The mice, orally administered more than 300 mg/kg of organic germanium for 22 months since 5 weeks old, did not develop amyloidosis. Half of the mice, given 30 mg/kg of organic germanium for 22 months developed amyloidosis. The mice given 5% carboxymethylcellulose, the solvent of organic germanium, were affected with systemic amyloidosis with high frequency. The results showed that the organic germanium successfully inhibited the occurrence of senile amyloidosis with dose response. The agent did not have any apparent relation to the incidence of hepatic cell carcinoma or pulmonary adenoma which is frequently combined with aged mice. Although the actual mechanism involved is not clear, the evidence of the inhibition of senile amyloidosis by organic germanium may give a light to elucidate the pathogenesis of amyloidosis.
DISSEMINATED ATYPICAL MYCOBACTERIOSIS IN A CHILD
Authors: Yun Kankatsu , Matsuo Takeshi , Kohno Shigeru , Ikeda Takayoshi , Sakai* Masayoshi , Yoshimoto* Masaaki , Nakashita** Yoshio 
Published: December 2008

A case of disseminated mycobacterial disease caused by mycobacterium sculoflaceum is presented in a three‐year‐old female. Atypical acid‐fast organisms were found in cultures from the tissue of lymph node and bone marrow, gastric juice and feces. Histologically the mesenterlc lymph nodes contained numerous large macrophages which had large numbers of acid‐fast bacilli. Gaseation necrosis was absent. Distinguishing features are the extensive involvement of lymph nodes and bones and the preference for intra‐cellular presence of acid‐fast bacilli.Up to the present in Japan there are only 17 reported cases of atypical mycobacteriosis in children.
LETTERER‐SIWE DISEASE WITH LIPID‐CONTAINING VACUOLATED CELLS
Authors: Kawai Kioko , Harada Tomoyuki , Matsukuma Hidetaka , Nakashita* Yoshio 
Published: December 2008

A case of Letterer‐Siwe disease of a 1‐year‐2‐month‐old boy, which clinicopathologically satisfied 7 out of the 8 characteristics of the disease by Siwe's criteria, excluding pathologic changes in the bone is reported.The vacuolated histiocytes appeared in the promerating reticuloendothelial cells in this case; the cells were positive by general fat reaction; the fats consisted of cholesterol fats, phospholipids and neutral lipid. Electron microscopy showed the occurrence of lipid droplets with cholesterol crystals and atypical form of Langerhans cell granule. Granulomatous changes were found in the lymph nodes and spleen, and this case was also simllar in part to chronic granulomatous disease; however, celoid and lipofuscin pigments were negative in the proliferating cells. Cytomegalic inclusion disease as a complication was found in the lungs and intestine, and bilirubin stones in the liver.
DIFFERENTIATION OF MOUSE T‐LYMPHOCYTES 1. CHARACTERIZATION OF THYMOCYTE PRECURSORS IN BONE MARROW BY ONE G VELOCITY SEDIMENTATION
Authors: Nakao Satoshi , Namba Yuziro , Hanaoka Masao 
Published: December 2008

Bone marrow cells were transferred into 700 RX‐irradiated syngeneic mice, and reganeration of the thymus was demonstrated by determining the total amount of DNA in the thymus. The amount of DNA in the regenerated thymus 9 days after X‐irradiation paralleled the number of cells injected, the range being 0 to 106 cells. These results indicate that regeneration during this period reflects the proliferation of thymocyte precursors existing in bone marrow cells, therefore such can be used as an indicator to determine the number of thymocyte precursors.Thymocyte precursors were separated from spleen colony forming cells and soft agar colony forming cells by one G velocity sedimentation. Thymocyte precursors (more than 4.3 mm/hour sedimentation rate) sedimented faster than did spleen colony forming cells (peak at about 3.0 mm/hour) and Thy‐1 antieen was already evidenced on the cell surface as demonstrated by complement dependent cytotoxicity. Soft agar colony forming cells also sedimented faster, suggesting that cells destined to become one type of cell are larger than multi‐potential stem cells.
A FREEZE‐FRACTURE STUDY OF TUBULAR MYELIN IN FETAL RABBIT LUNG
Authors: Manabe Toshiaki 
Published: December 2008

A freeze‐fracture replication study was undertaken to clarify the relationship between intracellular lamellar bodies of type II alveolar epithelial cells and intra‐alveolar contents in late gestation rabbit fetuses. The interior of the inclusion bodies was composed of multiple stacks and/or whorls of membranes devoid of membrane‐associated particles, while the limiting membrane of intracellular lamellar inclusion bodies was studded with membrane‐associated particles of 150Å diameter.The intra‐alveolar contents were comprised of two components; spherical bodies, and tubular elements. Spherical bodies were identical to the internal contents of the lamellar bodies and also were devoid of membrane‐associated particles. Tubular elements mostly appeared rectangular on cross‐fractured faces, but triangular and hexagonal forms could also be seen. These tubules rested on the surfaces of the spherical bodies and appeared to be formed of the outer lipid monolayer of spherical bodies. The present observations suggest that the tubular element of the alveolar contents is formed through the interaction between the discharged lamellar body content and the alveolar fluid.
STUDY ON THE ULTRASTRUCTURE AND ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY IN VON RECKLINGHAUSEN'S NEUROFIBROMATOSIS
Authors: Kamata Yoshimasa 
Published: December 2008

The cutaneous nodules obtained from seven patients with von Reckling‐hausen's neurofibromatosis were investigated by electron microscopy, and ultrastructural localization of acetylcholinesterase activity was demonstrated in the nerve fibers of this tumor for the first time using Karnovsky's thiocholine method. The enzymatic activity was mainly found in unmyelinated fibers, exactly associated with their axonal membranes, the interspace between the apposing axonal and Schwann cell membrane, and some different mesaxons, which indicated their cholinergic nature. Almost all myelinated fibers and some unmyelinated fibers did not possess the activity. The relationship between axon and Schwann cell was quite similar to that of normal peripheral nervous system, but two striking alterations of the nerves existed: One is the dissociation of unmyelinated fibers, and the other is the degenerative changes of the axon and the myelin sheath. As the evidence of schwannian proliferation, onion bulb formations and collagen pockets were observed. Some signs of fibroblastic proliferation were also found.From the present study and the review of the literature, the probable histogenesis of this disease was discussed.
GROWTH AND CYTOGENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF NICKEL SULPHIDE‐INDUCED RHABDOMYOSARCOMAS IN RATS
Authors: Yamashiro Shigeto , Gilman J.P.W. , Basrur P.K. , Abandowitz H.M. 
Published: December 2008

Rhabdomyosarcomas induced by single intramuscular injections of nickel sulphide (Ni3S2) in Fischer and Hooded rats were cultured in vivo and and in vitro to study their growth characteristics and chromosomal constitution. The tumor cell suspensions cultured in vitro exhibited more myogenic differentiation on the coverslips than those cells grown in vivo in diffusion chambers. A characteristic feature of in vivo cultures was the appearance of microclusters which resembled the primary tumors.Chromosome analyses of primary tumors revealed that a majority of these had a modal number in the diploid or near diploid range. Fischer rat primary tumor cells exhibited abnormal configurations including rings, dicentrics and triradials. A comparison of the chromosome make‐up of the primary tumors and their metastases was performed on four sets of tumors. Three out of four metastases examined showed the diploid chromosome make‐up characteristic of the primary tumors suggesting that the tumors with the diploid or near diploid chromosome constitution are more likely to produce metastases.
NEURAL INVOLVEMENT IN KAWASAKI DISEASE
Authors: Amano Shigeru , Hazama Fumitada 
Published: December 2008

Neurological findings and histopathology of the nervous system were studied in 30 patients with Kawasaki disease.As neurological manifestations, irritability, lethargy, meningeal signs such as nuchal rigidity, Kernig's sign, and opisthotonus, and facial nerve paralysis were present in 8 patients. In 9 out of 11 patients who had examination of cerebrospinal fluid, pleocytosis mainly consisting of lymphocytes and mononuclear cells was seen. Protein and glucose concentrations were within normal range.On histopathological investigation, aseptic chorio and/or leptomeningitis were present in 7 out of 14 patients. Severe edema, edema necrosis and localized status spongiosus were frequently observed. Atrophy, nonspecific degeneration and loss of neurons were detected, but pathognomonic changes were not evident. Marginal gliosis in the subpendimal region and superficial cerebral cortex and glial nodule formation surrounding the degenerated neurons were occasionally seen. Vascular changes such as endoarteritis, periarteritis and perivascular cuffing were present in 5 out of 14 patients, though such lesions were geneally mild. Ganglionitis and neuritis in the various areas were seen in 13 patients.
Splenic‐gonadal fusion of the continuous type in an adult female
Authors: Alujevic Antonio , Andelinovic Simon , Forempoher Gea , Nigojevic Snjezana , Bimic Mihovil , Rumboldt Zoran , Kapural Leonardo , Primorac Dragan 
Published: December 2008

The first case of a continuous type splenic‐gonadal fusion in an adult female is described. This extremely rare anomaly occurs more often in the male where the abnormality may be associated with skeletal abnormalities or cryptorchi‐dism. The few cases of splenic‐gonadal fusion in the female previously described were found mainly in infants.The present case of splenic‐gonadal fusion occurred as a duct, approximately 10 cm long, extending from the inferior pole of the spleen to a junction in the left ovarian suspensory ligament. The superior two‐thirds of this tubular structure consisted of splenic tissue, while the caudal one‐third of the duct was composed of fat and fibrous tissue. In addition, two blood vessels, an artery and a vein, were present throughout the entire length of duct, and were located extracapsullary to the spleen in the cranial portion of this anomaly. The patient had no associated malformations in contrast to the majority of patients with continuous‐type splenic‐gonadal fusions.
Functional nerve growth factor receptor in von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis: An immunocytochemical and short‐term culture study
Authors: Hoshi Nobuo , Yamaki Toshifumi , Hiraki Hiroyuki , Natsume Toshiaki , Saitoh Atsuko , Watanabe Kazuo , Suzuki Toshimitsu 
Published: December 2008

Immunocytochemistry reveals 75kDa low affinity type nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) on the cell membrane of human neurofibroma cells of von Recklinghausen disease in vivo and in vitro. NGF‐immunoreactivity is detected in the primary and cultured tumor cells. Growth augmentation of cultured neurofibroma cells by exogenous NGF is also confirmed. Phosphotyrosine‐immunoreactivity is demonstrated by immunocytochemistry in the in vivo and in vitro neurofibroma cells suggesting possible phospho‐rylation of tyrosine residue in the NGFR or a cellular protein downstream of signal transduction through the ligand receptor system.These results indicate human neurofibroma cells possess functional NGFR and the growth is potentiated through the NGF‐NGFR system in the paracrine and/or autocrine fashion.