bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
87  French multicentric prospective study for treatment of postprostatectomy stress urinary incontinence (SUI) using adjustable continence therapy (PROACT™)
Authors: CHARTIER KASTLER E. , LEBRET T. , GRISE P. , BOTTO H. , DELAPORTE V. , COSTA P. 
Published: February 2006

Introduction:  This study assessed the feasibility and efficacy of ProACT™ for treatment of postprostatectomy incontinence.Material and methods:  Using fluoroscopic control two percutaneous balloons are placed at the vesico‐urethral anastomosis (Prostatectomy; Ablatherm) or the apex (TURP) and filled with isotonic solution. Postoperatively, 1 ml can be titrated monthly until optimum continence is achieved.Results:  Fifty‐eight patients were implanted, 52 postcancer treatment (51 Radical Prostatectomy with 11/51 postradiotherapy and 1/52 Ablatherm) and six following benign surgery (four TURP and two other prostatectomies). Mean age was 70.8 years old (56.6–87.2) with time since initial surgery 5.3 years (6 months–20.6 years). Prior surgical incontinence treatments included artificial urinary sphincters (eight), bulking agent injections (three) and male sling (one). Mean urethral closure pressure (n = 36) was 49 cm of H2O at baseline. Average pads/day was 2.9 (1 to 10). Mean quality of life (I‐QoL) was 45 (2–85). At median follow‐up (14 months), 11 patients (19%) were dry, 21 (36%) improved, 17 (29 %) unchanged; 2 (3.4%) worse and seven (12%) had undergone explanation. Quality of Life increased to 61 (17–100). Of the 24 postradical prostatectomy patients without radiotherapy, 92 % are improved, 38 % being completely dry. However six (55%) of postradiotherapy patients failed.Sixteen patients required explanation due to infection (two); urinary retention (one); urethral erosion (one); pain (one), defective balloons (two); other (one) non‐response (eight). Four patients were successfully re‐implanted.Conclusion:  ProACT is an effective treatment option as an alternative to the artificial urinary sphincter.
89  Twenty years of artificial urinary sphincters in the treatment of female urinary incontinence.
Authors: CARTMILL R.A. 
Published: February 2006

Aim:  To review the use of the artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) in female urinary incontinence.Methods:  Review of a single surgeon experience with use of the AMS 800 (American Medical Systems) in the period Aug 1983–July 2005. Data was collected prospectively on all patients. Follow‐up information was complete on all cases to Oct 2005.Results:  A total of 48 patients had an AUS with an average follow‐up of 12.5 years (0.3–22 years). Indications for placement were urethral incompetence following failed previous anti‐stress surgery (36), pelvic trauma (seven), previous urethral surgery (two), myelomeningocele (one) and other (two). A total of 19 revision procedures were required in 15 patients (31%). With the exception of one case with infection, revisions related to mechanical failure. Fluid loss occurred in 16 cases with either splits or small holes in the tubing being the most commonly identified cause. Non‐leak device malfunction occurred in only two patients (5%).Summary:  The AUS is a highly successful intervention for incontinence related to intrinsic sphincter deficiency in female patients. It avoids the potential problem of bladder outflow obstruction associated with slings. Up to a third of patients will require revision surgery with long term follow‐up. However this is largely related to fluid leakage and readily addressed. The AUS may be an underutilised treatment modality for female urinary incontinence and should be considered in selected patients with intrinsic sphincter deficiency in preference to other procedures.
90  Transurethral resection of prostate for locally advanced prostate cancer with bladder outlet obstruction
Authors: BERJIDIS N. , BOUCHIER‐HAYES D.M. , THOMAS B.C. , COSTELLO A.J. 
Published: February 2006

Introduction:  Bladder outlet obstruction is a common complication of locally advanced carcinoma of the prostate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the operative morbidity and outcome after TURP for locally advanced prostate cancer and to compare it with the results from patients who had a TURP for benign prostate hyperplasia.Methods:  Between January 1998 and December 2003 422 consecutive patients had a TURP for BPH and 53 consecutive patients underwent a TURP for LUTS with a diagnosis of locally advanced prostate cancer.Results:  Mean age at time of surgery was 76.6 years (range 63–95) and mean PSA was 100.2 (range 0.3–2630) for those with cancer. Before the TURP 24.5% of the patients had hormonal treatment alone, 11.3% had radiotherapy and 64.2% had not treatment for their prostate cancer. At TURP histopathology revealed high grade cancer (Gleason score 8–10) in 75% and moderate grade (Gleason score 6 or 7) in 25%. Mean resection weight was 12.6 gram (range 2–65). There was no difference in the overall mortality, failure to void or complication rates between the established prostate cancer and the BPH group (Chi‐squared, P < 0.05).Conclusion:  TURP can be performed with little fear of excess complications in patients with established cancer of the prostate gland.
91  Initial experience with greenlight photoselective vaporisation of the prostate
Authors: WOO H. 
Published: February 2006

Introduction:  Greenlight Photoselective Vaporisation of the Prostate (GLPVP) has been the subject of much interest and associated with many positive claims about outcomes and patient satisfaction. This objective of this study was to assess the early experience of this modality in an Australian centre and whether this mirrors international experience to date.Patients and Methods:  Patients undergoing GLPVP from the commencement of offering this modality in March 2005 have been followed prospectively. TRUS prostate volume, laser energy and operating times were recorded at baseline. The IPSS, IIEF and flow study parameters have been recorded at baseline and on follow up.Results:  Fifty‐one patients with a mean age of 64 ± 8 years and mean prostate size of 40 ± 17 cc have been treated with GLPVP. Average operating time was 70 ± 26 min. Mean energy requirements was 217 ± 85 kJ. Mean period of catheterisation and length of stay was 8.9 h and 0.9 days respectively. Laser efficiency of kJ/min improved with experience. Baseline IPSS, QL, Qmax and PVR results were 20.6, 4.3, 8.0 ml/s and 162 ml. Of eight evaluable men who had reached 3‐months follow up, IPSS, QL, Qmax and PVR results were 5, 1.6, 25.6 ml/s and 52 ml respectively. No cases of incontinence or impotence or transfusion.Conclusion:  Early experience with GLPVP finds outcomes as would be expected following TURP at 3 months. Clear benefits in morbidity, legth of stay and catherisation times appear evident. Early results indicate that there should be any easy transition to performing the majority of cases as day procedures.
92  Photoselective vaporisation of the prostate randomised against turp‐preliminary results
Authors: BOUCHIER‐HAYES D.M. , ANDERSON P.A. , VAN APPLEDORN S. , BUGEJA P. , COSTELLO. A.J. 
Published: February 2006

Introduction:  Many technologies have attempted to supplant TURP as the surgical treatment of choice in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms, but have not undergone randomised trials. Photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) using the Greenlight® laser system (Laserscope, San Jose, Ca.) gives an 80‐watt laser ablation system and here is compared to TURP in the world's first randomised trial.Study Design:  One hundred and twenty patients are to be randomised to undergo TURP or PVP after evaluation which is repeated at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Irrigation use, length of catherisation time (LOC), length of hospital stay (LOS), blood loss and operative time are also assessed. All procedures were performed by fellows/registrars.Results:  To date 90 patients are randomised and 68 are evaluable and were similar at baseline. Both techniques produced equivalent significant improvement in flow rates and IPSSs, and significantly shorter length of time of catherisation (LOC) and length of stay (LOS) in the PVP group. Adverse events were less frequent in the PVP group, and the procedure was 22% cheaper than TURP.Conclusions:  This trial demonstrates with preliminary data that PVP may be an effective technique when compared to TURP, producing equivalent improvements in flow rates and IPSS scores with markedly reduced LOS, LOC and adverse events.
The medicalisation of shyness: from social misfits to social fitness
Authors: Scott Susie 
Published: February 2006

AbstractShyness has become an ‘unhealthy’ state of mind for individuals living in contemporary Western societies. Insofar as its behavioural ‘symptoms’ imply a failure to achieve certain cultural values, such as assertiveness, self‐expression and loquacious vocality, shyness is increasingly defined as a problem for which people can, and should, be treated. This paper first critically discusses the idea that we are witnessing a new ‘cultural epidemic’ of shyness, as evidenced by increasing rates of diagnosis for Social Phobia, Social Anxiety Disorder and Avoidant Personality Disorder. It then examines three main dimensions of the medicalisation of shyness: biomedical and genetic approaches, the therapeutic interventions of cognitive‐behaviour therapy and ‘shyness clinics’, and the disciplinary regimes imposed by self‐help books and websites. Within a cultural climate of pervasive anxiety and privatised risk, the medicalisation of shyness suggests a powerful new way of defining and managing certain kinds of deviant identities, but we can also find some evidence of resistance to this approach.
Boundaries obscured and boundaries reinforced: incorporation as a strategy of occupational enhancement for intensive care
Authors: Carmel Simon 
Published: February 2006

AbstractMedical dominance is a recurring theme in sociological analyses of healthcare work. One example of a theoretical framework by which the medical profession is said to dominate other healthcare occupations is Turner's (1995: 138) enumeration of the modes of subordination, limitation and exclusion. As Elston (1991) has noted, however, such frameworks tend to be rather speculative and there is not a great deal of evidence on how these strategies are exercised, for example, at a micro‐level. There is also a tendency to portray healthcare occupations as monolithic entities, without acknowledging differences within healthcare occupations, and the relationships between them, which can arise in different clinical locales. Through a micro‐level analysis of the practice of intensive care, using ethnographic data collected on three intensive care units (ICUs) in England, this paper proposes a hitherto unidentified strategy –incorporation– for medical dominance at a micro‐level. Paradoxically, an enhanced position for both intensive care medicine and intensive care nursing arises, relative to proximal healthcare groups. The argument of this paper is that within the ICU an occupational boundary (doctor‐nurse) is obscured, while an organisational boundary which differentiates the ICU from the wider hospital is reinforced. Overall, the power relationship between medicine and nursing in intensive care is not ‘zero‐sum’: the influence of both groups in the wider hospital is increased by this strategy of incorporation.
Late Pleistocene and Holocene development of the felid fauna (Felidae) of Europe: a review
Authors: Sommer R. S. , Benecke N. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractIn the fossil deposits of the Late Pleistocene (c. 115 000–11 500 years ago), five felid species are recorded in Europe: the wildcat Felis silvestris, Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx, Iberian lynx Lynx pardinus, leopard Panthera pardus and cave lion Panthera leo spelaea. In the Holocene, Europe was colonized by F. silvestris, L. lynx and L. pardinus as well as the lion Panthera leo. The status of P. pardus in post‐glacial Europe is unknown. So far, only sparse records indicate that P. pardus survived into the early Holocene. During the Late Glacial, both L. lynx and L. pardinus occurred on the Iberian Peninsula. However, from the Holocene, only the Iberian lynx is recorded in this region. There are subfossil records that indicate that L. pardinus also occurred in central and western France until c. 3000 years ago. Surprisingly, with reservations on the determination of the bones (by J. Altuna), both lions and cave lions seem to be recorded in the Iberian Peninsula in the Late Glacial. There are published records of the lion P. leo in the northern Iberian Peninsula from the early Holocene. However, its presence in Europe on the basis of subfossil records was proven initially from the Atlantic period. In Ponto‐Mediterranean regions of Europe, the lion is recorded from the Atlantic to the younger sub‐Atlantic.
Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers in Pagellus bogaraveo, and cross‐species amplification in Sparus aurata and Dicentrarchus labrax
Authors: PIÑERA J. A. , BERNARDO D. , BLANCO G. , VÁZQUEZ E. , SÁNCHEZ J. A. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractSeveral new fish species are currently being included in breeding programmes. However, as specific molecular markers have not yet been developed, this represents a commercial handicap with respect to traditional aquaculture species such as gilthead sea bream or Atlantic salmon. In the present study, 12 new microsatellite loci were developed for blackspot sea bream (Pagellus bogaraveo) that show high levels of polymorphism, especially useful in parentage assignment and individual identification. In addition, cross‐amplification was obtained for two important species for Spanish aquaculture, gilthead sea bream and sea bass.
Genic microsatellite markers derived from EST sequences of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.)
Authors: TOBIAS CHRISTIAN M. , HAYDEN DANIEL M. , TWIGG PAUL , SARATH GAUTAM 
Published: February 2006

AbstractSwitchgrass is a large, North American, perennial grass that is being evaluated as a potential energy crop. There is a need to assess genetic diversity in stored accessions and in remaining native stands to assist breeding and conservation efforts. Marker development will also be necessary for genetic linkage mapping. Toward this end, 32 switchgrass genic di‐, tri‐ and tetranucleotide repeat microsatellites were identified from expressed sequence tags (ESTs). These microsatellites were used to screen individuals from two different named cultivars. The markers displayed a high level of polymorphism consistent with the tetraploid, allogamous behaviour of the cultivars tested.
Microsatellite markers in Carica papaya L.: isolation, characterization and transferability to Vasconcellea species
Authors: PÉREZ JOHN OCAMPO , DAMBIER DOMINIQUE , OLLITRAULT PATRICK , D’EECKENBRUGGE GEO COPPENS , BROTTIER PHILIPPE , FROELICHER YANN , RISTERUCCI ANGE‐MARIE 
Published: February 2006

AbstractA dinucleotide microsatellite‐enriched genomic library was obtained from Carica papaya L. Sixty‐nine microsatellites were evaluated on three genotypes of C. papaya and seven species of the neighbour genus Vasconcellea. Among them, 45 markers were characterized on a sample of 29 accessions of C. papaya from the Caribbean region and 11 accessions of Vasconcellea from the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador. Twenty‐four gave polymorphism in C. papaya and only four among the seven species of Vasconcellea, confirming the divergence between both genera.
Cloning and characterization of 29 tetranucleotide and two dinucleotide polymorphic microsatellite loci from the endangered marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus)
Authors: REW MARY BETH , PEERY M. ZACHARIAH , BEISSINGER STEVEN R. , BÉRUBÉ MARTINE , LOZIER JEFFREY D. , RUBIDGE EMILY M. , PALSBØLL PER J. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractWe developed 31 novel, polymorphic microsatellite loci in the marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus), a critically endangered seabird. Variability was tested on 15 individuals from the Santa Cruz, California population, with each locus characterized by two to 12 alleles. Observed levels of heterozygosity ranged from 0.13 to 0.93. These loci provide a valuable means of assessing the population structure and demographic parameters of this species, which may be critical to its conservation across a fragmented habitat.
Characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci in the terrestrial isopod Armadillidium vulgare
Authors: VERNE SÉBASTIEN , PUILLANDRE NICOLAS , BRUNET GÉRALDINE , GOUIN NICOLAS , SAMOLLOW PAUL B. , ANDERSON JOEL D. , GRANDJEAN FRÉDÉRIC 
Published: February 2006

AbstractThe common pill bug, Armadillidium vulgare, is known to harbour two distinct strains of the feminizing proteobacteria Wolbachia. In order to study the effect of the presence of Wolbachia on the evolution of A. vulgare populations, we developed and characterized a set of nine polymorphic microsatellite loci from two microsatellite‐enriched genomic libraries. We screened 48 individuals from three French populations and found high genetic variation. Locus‐specific allelic diversity ranged from four to 28 and observed heterozygosity from 0.40 to 1.00, which indicates that these markers can be used to conduct population genetic studies in A. vulgare.
Analysis of multilocus fingerprinting data sets containing missing data
Authors: SCHLÜTER PHILIPP M. , HARRIS STEPHEN A. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractMissing data are commonly encountered using multilocus, fragment‐based (dominant) fingerprinting methods, such as random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) or amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Data sets containing missing data have been analysed by eliminating those bands or samples with missing data, assigning values to missing data or ignoring the problem. Here, we present a method that uses random assignments of band presence–absence to the missing data, implemented by the computer program famd (available from http://homepage.univie.ac.at/philipp.maria.schlueter/famd.html), for analyses based on pairwise similarity and Shannon's index. When missing values group in a data set, sample or band elimination is likely to be the most appropriate action. However, when missing values are scattered across the data set, minimum, maximum and average similarity coefficients are a simple means of visualizing the effects of missing data on tree structure. Our approach indicates the range of values that a data set containing missing data points might generate, and forces the investigator to consider the effects of missing values on data interpretation.
Development of microsatellite markers in polyploid persimmon (Diospyros kaki Lf) from an enriched genomic library
Authors: SORIANO J. M. , PECCHIOLI S. , ROMERO C. , VILANOVA S. , LLÁCER G. , GIORDANI E. , BADENES M. L. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractThe oriental persimmon (Diospyros kaki Lf) is believed to have originated in China with subsequent introduction into Japan and Korea in ancient times. The species was then brought to Europe, Brazil and the USA from Japan in the 19th century. Recent studies highlighted the poor state of identification of cultivars in these countries due to incorrect labelling and presence of synonyms among local varieties. Thus, molecular marker characterization of germplasm resources is of great value for genetic resource preservation and plant breeding of persimmon. Therefore, to identify accessions for further plant breeding and germplasm management, 37 microsatellite loci were developed from a CT/AG‐enriched persimmon genomic library.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in Lesquerella fendleri (Brassicaceae) and cross‐species amplification
Authors: SALYWON ANDREW , DIERIG DAVID A. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractFifteen novel microsatellite primer pairs are presented for Lesquerella fendleri, which were developed from seven dinucleotide, five trinucleotide and three tetranucleotide microsatellite DNA loci. These loci were characterized for 40 individuals from 24 localities throughout the species range. The number of alleles observed per locus ranged from three to 16, the observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.175 to 0.750, and the polymorphic information content ranged from 0.218 to 0.889. Cross‐species transferability tested on nine species of Lesquerella and one species of the related genus Physaria indicates that these primer pairs may be useful for population genetic studies of other species in Lesquerella and possibly other closely related genera.
Isolation of six microsatellite loci in the pollinating fig wasp, Platyscapa awekei
Authors: VAN VUUREN GERT J. JANSEN , KRYGER PER , GREEFF JACO M. 
Published: February 2006

Abstract Platyscapa awekei DNA was enriched for several repeat motifs. Sequencing of 48 transformed colonies showed that 22 contained microsatellite loci. Eleven of these loci were tested and six of them proved to be reliable and variable. As expected from these wasps’ biology, FIS was high (= 0.423), indicating frequent sibmating. Notwithstanding, we estimate that dispersing males may secure as much as 8% of all matings.
Characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci for the polychaete tubeworm Hobsonia florida
Authors: OLSON MARY ANN , ZAJAC ROMAN , CACCONE ADALGISA , RUSSELLO MICHAEL A. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractEight dinucleotide microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized from Hobsonia florida, a tube‐dwelling ampharetid polychaete. The identified loci were highly polymorphic, with allelic diversity ranging from six to 11 alleles. Levels of expected heterozygosity were 0.52 or greater in all cases, averaging 0.78 across the complete set of loci. Cross‐species amplification was successful in three of the eight loci for one or both of the other species (Melinna cristata and Ampharete acutifrons) tested. Although these novel loci were designed for immediate utility in H. florida population‐level research, these results indicate they may prove useful in studies of other related taxa.
Development of sequence tagged microsatellites (STMs) for the barley scald pathogen Rhynchosporium secalis
Authors: KEIPER FELICITY J. , HAYDEN MATTHEW J. , WALLWORK HUGH 
Published: February 2006

AbstractA rapid and cost efficient technique was developed and used to generate 168 sequence tagged microsatellites (STMs) in the barley scald pathogen Rhynchosporium secalis. Sixty‐two STMs, amplifying 66 loci, revealed a high level of polymorphism among a diverse set of 16 Australian isolates. Each locus revealed two to nine alleles (average 4 ± 1.82), and a gene diversity measure of 0.54 was obtained. This technique not only halved the cost of marker development compared to traditional methods, but substantially reduced the cost of performing fluorescence‐based microsatellite assays. These STMs provide a powerful tool for genetic studies in R. secalis.
ml‐relate: a computer program for maximum likelihood estimation of relatedness and relationship
Authors: KALINOWSKI STEVEN T. , WAGNER AARON P. , TAPER MARK L. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractGenetic data are useful for estimating the genealogical relationship or relatedness between individuals of unknown ancestry. We present a computer program, ml‐relate that calculates maximum likelihood estimates of relatedness and relationship. ml‐relate is designed for microsatellite data and can accommodate null alleles. It uses simulation to determine which relationships are consistent with genotype data and to compare putative relationships with alternatives. ml‐relate runs on the Microsoft Windows operating system and is available from http://www.montana.edu/kalinowski.