bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reporting quality of heart failure randomized controlled trials 2000–2020: Temporal trends in adherence to CONSORT criteria
Authors: Jalloh Mohamed B. , Bot Veronica A. , Borjaille Cristiana Z. , Thabane Lehana , Li Guowei , Butler Javed , Zannad Faiez , Granger Christopher B. , Van Spall Harriette G.C. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTAimHeart failure (HF) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in older adults. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) inform HF policy and practice, but the accurate interpretation of results is contingent on clear and transparent reporting. The CONsolidated Standards Of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement serves as a guide to RCT reporting. We evaluated the quality of reporting in HF RCTs in high‐impact journals by assessing their adherence to CONSORT.Methods and resultsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL for HF RCTs published in high‐impact journals 2000–2020. We assessed the proportion of CONSORT criteria that individual HF RCTs adhered to, and used the Jonckheere–Terpstra test to examine temporal trends in adherence. Multivariable linear regression explored the association between trial characteristics and adherence to CONSORT. Primary analysis assessed adherence to CONSORT 2010 update. A sensitivity analysis assessed adherence to the original (1996) CONSORT criteria. Among 221 RCTs analysed, the mean (standard deviation [SD]) adherence was suboptimal overall (mean [SD] adherence 69.7 [11.5]%) (5513/7913 criteria), with a temporal increase in adherence over the 20‐year period (p < 0.001). Factors associated with adherence included publication after versus during/before 2010 (β = 10.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.64–12.70; p < 0.001); two‐group parallel individual‐level randomization versus other (including multi‐group or cluster randomization) (β = 5.81, 95% CI 2.88–8.73; p < 0.001); and multicentre versus single‐centre trials (β = 7.26, 95% CI 3.25–11.27; p < 0.001). There was no difference in trial adherence to the updated CONSORT (2010) versus the original (1996) CONSORT criteria, and temporal trends in adherence to both sets of criteria were similar, likely due to overlap between the two sets of criteria. Trials with greater adherence to CONSORT were published in higher impact factor journals, with a positive correlation (r = 0.312; p < 0.001).ConclusionThe quality of reporting in HF RCTs, as measured by CONSORT adherence, has improved over time but remains suboptimal.
Electrophoresis of a weakly charged dielectric fluid droplet in a cylindrical pore
Authors: Lu Shirley , Tseng Jessica , Chuang Lily , Chang Nemo , Chen Sunny , Hsu Celia , Chien Jean , Lin Carol , Lee Eric 
Published: April 2024

AbstractElectrophoresis of a weakly charged dielectric droplet with constant surface charge density in a chargeless cylindrical pore is investigated theoretically in this study, focusing on the boundary confinement effect of the double layer, which in turn determines the ultimate motion of the droplet. A patched pseudo‐spectral method based on the Chebyshev polynomial is adopted to solve the resulting governing fundamental electrokinetic equations. Mobility reversal, among other interesting phenomena, is observed when the droplet is in a narrow cylindrical pore. No such observation was made in the corresponding motion of a rigid particle. The droplet with a thick double layer may even move against the prediction based on the Coulomb electrostatic law, for instance, a positively charged droplet may move against the electric field. The significant enhancement of the motion‐deterring double layer polarization due to the severe steric boundary confinement within a narrow cylindrical pore is found to be responsible for this seemingly peculiar phenomenon. Moreover, smaller droplets may move in the opposite direction of the larger ones. The results are useful in capillary electrophoresis involving droplets in particular and migration of droplets through narrow channels in general.
Impact of depressive symptoms on adverse effects in people with epilepsy on antiseizure medication therapy
Authors: Panholzer Jürgen , Hauser Amadeus , Thamm Nadia , Gröppel Gudrun , Yazdi‐Zorn Kurosch , von Oertzen Tim J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe studied the impact of depressive symptoms on adverse effects (AEs) in people with epilepsy (PWE) on antiseizure medication (ASM) therapy. An effect of depression on the AE burden has already been reported. We studied the correlation of various depressive symptoms with specific AEs to assess which AEs are especially prone to being confounded by particular depressive symptoms.MethodsPWE filled in a variety of questionnaires including the “Neurological Disorder Depression Inventory for Epilepsy” (NDDI‐E), “Emotional Thermometers 4” (ET4) and “Liverpool Adverse Events Profile” (LAEP). Depression was defined by a NDDI‐E score > 13. Depressive symptoms consisted of NDDI‐E and ET4 items. Discriminant analysis identified those AEs (=LAEP items) that were most highly influenced by depression. Logistic regression analysis yielded correlations of different depressive symptoms with specific AEs.ResultsWe included 432 PWE. The strongest discriminators for depression were the LAEP items “Depression”, “Nervousness/agitation,” and “Tiredness”. Out of all depressive symptoms “Everything I do is a struggle” most strongly correlated with total LAEP score (odds ratio [OR] = 3.1) and correlated with all but one LAEP item. Other depressive symptoms correlated to varying degrees with total LAEP and item scores. The number of ASMs, lack of seizure remission, and female gender correlated with high LAEP scores.SignificanceTo the best of our knowledge, we are the first to show that various depressive symptoms correlate with specific LAEP items. This information can be helpful for quick evaluation of whether the reporting of different LAEP items may be confounded by particular depressive symptoms. This is relevant because changes in therapy may differ depending on if AEs are confounded by depressive symptoms. Simply reporting a particular depressive symptom may give a clue to whether specific AEs are confounded by depression. Our findings confirm the importance of screening for depression in all PWE.Plain Language SummaryIn this study we measured depressive disorder and side effects caused by medication used to treat epilepsy with self‐reported questionnaires in a cohort of people with epilepsy. We found depressive disorder to influence the perception of side effects that are caused by drugs used to treat epilepsy. This knowledge can help to identify if the reporting of side effects is influenced by depression. Treating depression may help to reduce side effects and may thus increase the tolerability of anti‐epileptic medication. People who tolerate their medication are more likely to take it and are thus less likely to develop epileptic seizure.
Optimization of an ultrasound‐assisted extraction method to obtain gallic acid‐rich extracts from mango seed kernels
Authors: Riaz Tuba , Hayat Zafar , Saleem Kinza , Akram Kashif , Rehman Hafeez Ur , Rehman Shafiq ur , Azam Muhammad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGallic acid is a widely recognized bioactive compound that falls under the category of secondary polyphenolic metabolites and is fairly found in mango fruit waste, specifically in mango seed kernel (MSK). This study aimed to adopt a green extraction approach to extract this valuable compound via ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) without using organic solvents but only water to obtain hazard‐free extracts, and the cost of extraction can be minimal. pH (2–8), solvent ratio (20–60 mL/g), temperature (30–60°C) and time (30–60 min) of extraction were the independent variables used for extraction optimization. Single‐factor experiments to obtain working ranges for selected extraction variables were carried out. A central composite design using response surface methodology was used to determine the optimum condition to obtain the maximum yield of gallic acid from MSK. The optimized extraction conditions were 3.9 pH, 36.25 mL/g solvent ratio, and 39.4°C of extraction temperature for 21.3 min. As a result, the optimized yield was 5.76 ± 0.41 mg/g, which was comparably equal to and/or better than the other solvent extraction systems. The results showed that gallic acid could efficiently be extracted via UAE under these optimal conditions. It is safer than extraction systems involving hazardous solvents that can be feasibly used for its nutraceutical and therapeutic applications.
A comprehensive review: Impact of oleogel application on food texture and sensory properties
Authors: Liu Lingyi , Gao Zengli , Chen Gang , Yao Jiaying , Zhang Xinyu , Qiu Xiaoting , Liu Lianliang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOleogels, characterized by their semisolid matrix formed from liquid oil structured by gelators, are emerging as a pivotal innovation in food formulation, primarily due to their capacity to enhance the nutritional profile of products by incorporating healthier fats. This review explored the integration of oleogels into diverse food matrices, examining their impact on texture, mouthfeel, and overall sensory characteristics. Through an extensive analysis of current research, this paper illustrates the versatility of oleogels created with a variety of structuring agents across different food applications. It also addresses the challenges inherent in the use of oleogels, including the preservation of their stability and consistency through varying storage and processing conditions, navigating the regulatory landscape concerning oleogelator safety and acceptability, and confronting higher production costs. Overall, this comprehensive review highlights the potential of oleogels as a promising tool for achieving desirable textural and sensory attributes in food products while also identifying areas for future research and development.
DDE KGEditor: A data service system for knowledge graph construction in geoscience
Authors: Hou Chengbin , Liu Kaichuang , Wang Tianheng , Shi Shunzhong , Li Yan , Zhu Yunqiang , Hu Xiumian , Wang Chengshan , Zhou Chenghu , Lv Hairong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDeep‐time Digital Earth (DDE) is an innovative international big science program, focusing on scientific propositions of earth evolution, changing Earth Science by coordinating global geoscience data, and sharing global geoscience knowledge. To facilitate the DDE program with recent advances in computer science, the geoscience knowledge graph plays a key role in organizing the data and knowledge of multiple geoscience subjects into Knowledge Graphs (KGs), which enables the calculation and inference over geoscience KGs for data mining and knowledge discovery. However, the construction of geoscience KGs is challenging. Though there have been some construction tools, they commonly lack collaborative editing and peer review for building high‐quality large‐scale geoscience professional KGs. To this end, a data service system or tool, DDE KG Editor, is developed to construct geoscience KGs. Specifically, it comes with several distinctive features such as collaborative editing, peer review, contribution records, intelligent assistance, and discussion forums. Currently, global geoscientists have contributed over 60,000 ontologies for 22 subjects. The stability, scalability, and intelligence of the system are regularly improving as a public online platform to better serve the DDE program.
Comparison of preloading by fill surcharge and ground water lowering based on a case study
Authors: Thurner Florian , Marte Roman , Tschuchnigg Franz 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPreloading by fill surcharge is a widespread and rather simple ground improvement method for the anticipation of settlements brought on by additional loads from new constructions. The magnitude as well as the area of surcharge is adapted to the final construction, whereas in general about 120–140 % of the final load is applied as surcharge load. Both factors have an influence on the effective depth for which soil improvement and an anticipation of settlements is possible, respectively. In case of large construction areas with significant loads, for which a greater depth effect needs to be considered, a large earth volume for surcharge is necessary. It is a cost‐intensive and environmental‐relevant aspect, when earth material is not available in sufficient amount and near distance of the construction site. In order to avoid this, it was investigated whether lowering the in situ groundwater level and thus increasing the effective stresses over depth could be a possible alternative. Therefore, a case study was carried out to examine these two different types of preloading techniques and their efficacy based on known subsoil conditions. Furthermore, the influence of the possible anisotropy of hydraulic conductivity in the weak soil layer on the preloading process was investigated.
Marijuana use among community‐dwelling older adults: A population‐based study
Authors: De Genna Natacha M. , Jacobsen Erin , Ganguli Mary 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesThere is a paucity of population‐level data on marijuana use and mental health and functioning in older adults.MethodsWe analyzed cross‐sectional data (n = 910) from a well‐characterized cohort, the Monongahela‐Youghiogheny Healthy Aging Team (MYHAT) study. MYHAT is an age‐stratified random sample of the population age 65 years and older from a small‐town in the USA. Half the sample was female and half were over 75 (Mean age = 77). Most participants were non‐Hispanic White. Marijuana use was assessed by self‐report and symptoms of mood disorders were screened using the modified Centers for Epidemiological Studies‐Depression Scale and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder screener. Cognition was assessed by the Mini‐Mental State Examination and a neuropsychological test battery; functioning using the OARS Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; and overall assessment using the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR®).ResultsOne in five MYHAT participants had a history of marijuana use and 5% reported recent use, primarily for pain (41%) and recreation/relaxation (37%). Recent use was associated with cigarette and alcohol use, symptoms of depression or anxiety, and impairments in attention.ConclusionsTwenty‐percent of community‐dwelling older adults living in a US state where recreational marijuana use is illegal had a history of marijuana use. Recent marijuana use was less common but, consistent with prior research, associated with other substance use and poorer mental health.
The effects of relational human resource management: A moderated mediation model of positive affective climate and collective occupational calling
Authors: Li Pingshu , Qu Yuanmei (Elly) , Li Mengwei , Downes Patrick E. , Wang Guofeng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRelationship‐oriented human resource management (HRM) contributes to organizational functioning by promoting employee relationships, coordination, and cooperation. We propose unit‐level positive affective climate as a motivational mechanism through which relationship‐oriented HR systems can positively influence unit service quality and relationships with beneficiaries, and prevent individual emotional exhaustion. Moreover, we propose collective occupational calling serves as an alternative motivational source that can substitute for the positive effects of positive affective climate. In analyzing a sample composed of 742 nurses from 48 nursing units of two hospitals in China with data collection at three time points before and after the COVID‐19 outbreak, our results supported the substituting effects of unit‐level collective occupational calling on positive affective climate stemmed from relationship‐oriented HR systems. Our study connects strategic HRM and motivation research by shedding light on an affective mechanism from relationship‐oriented HR systems and the contingencies involving employees' various sources of motivation, such as occupational calling. We further discuss theoretical and practical implications of the research.
Heat transfer coefficient simulation and temperature distribution prediction of wire loops in the Stelmor air‐cooling system
Authors: Zhao Qianlong , Su Fuyong , Li Bin , Li Cunwang , Fan Guangyan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDuring the Stelmor air‐cooling process, the temperature distribution has a significant impact on the wire loops' final mechanical properties. The temperature distribution during the air‐cooling process is accurately solved by establishing three‐dimensional model and numerical simulations. The heat transfer coefficient at the highly dense region is much smaller than that of wire loops at the low dense region, and changes periodically over time, according to a computational fluid dynamics simulation method. It is also found that the heat transfer coefficient on the cross‐section of the wire loop is very different, with a difference of 70–100 W/m2 K. Finally, the finite difference method is used to calculate the mathematical model of the temperature distribution during the Stelmor air‐cooling process. Comparing the results with the measurement data, the simulation results and measurement data match up well.
Imaging and video of late preterm delivery by midline laparotomy due to incarcerated uterus: A case report and literature review of a rare but morbid condition
Authors: Taylor A. K. L. , Bartels H. C. , Brophy D. P. , O'Brien D. , Corcoran S. M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIncarcerated gravid uterus (IGU) is a rare and serious obstetric complication. IGU is defined as the entrapment of the gravid uterus between the pubic symphysis and the sacral promontory. The incidence of IGU is 1 in 3000–10 000 cases. IGU is associated with significant obstetric complications, including preterm labor, intrauterine fetal death, growth restriction, renal failure, uterine ischemia/rupture and thrombosis. Here, we present the case of a primigravida with urinary retention at 14 weeks. On transabdominal ultrasound at 19+5/7 weeks the cervix was difficult to visualize, and the anterior uterine wall appeared thickened. The bladder was elongated superior to the uterus and the placenta was low‐lying. Initially the patient was managed with intermittent self‐catheterization, and subsequently indwelling catheterization was required from 22 weeks. At 30 weeks, the patient was transferred to a tertiary center and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was preformed due to challenging visualization of the cervix on ultrasound and the patient's continued symptoms of constipation and recurrent urinary infections. The MRI found a retroflexed gravid uterus, with vagina and endocervix displaced anteriorly and compressed by the gravid uterus. The findings were consistent with an incarcerated uterus. The patient subsequently had positive urinary cultures for Pseudomonas and rising creatinine. Given the obstructive uropathy and associated morbidity and mortality, a plan for elective pre‐term delivery at 33+6/7 weeks was made. Delivery was by midline laparotomy, normal anatomy was restored after manual evacuation of the fundus from below the sacral promontory, and an uncomplicated lower segment transverse uterine cesarean section was performed.
Molecular pathway of pancreatic cancer‐associated neuropathic pain
Authors: Giri Shweta Subhash , Tripathi Alok Shiomurti , Erkekoğlu Pınar , Zaki Magdi E. A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe pancreas is a heterocrine gland that has both exocrine and endocrine parts. Most pancreatic cancer begins in the cells that line the ducts of the pancreas and is called pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). PDAC is the most encountered pancreatic cancer type. One of the most important characteristic features of PDAC is neuropathy which is primarily due to perineural invasion (PNI). PNI develops tumor microenvironment which includes overexpression of fibroblasts cells, macrophages, as well as angiogenesis which can be responsible for neuropathy pain. In tumor microenvironment inactive fibroblasts are converted into an active form that is cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Neurotrophins they also increase the level of Substance P, calcitonin gene‐related peptide which is also involved in pain. Matrix metalloproteases are the zinc‐associated proteases enzymes which activates proinflammatory interleukin‐1β into its activated form and are responsible for release and activation of Substance P which is responsible for neuropathic pain by transmitting pain signal via dorsal root ganglion. All the molecules and their role in being responsible for neuropathic pain are described below.
Effect of sirolimus on muscle in inclusion body myositis observed with magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy
Authors: Reyngoudt Harmen , Baudin Pierre‐Yves , Caldas de Almeida Araújo Ericky , Bachasson Damien , Boisserie Jean‐Marc , Mariampillai Kubéraka , Annoussamy Mélanie , Allenbach Yves , Hogrel Jean‐Yves , Carlier Pierre G. , Marty Benjamin , Benveniste Olivier 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundFinding sensitive clinical outcome measures has become crucial in natural history studies and therapeutic trials of neuromuscular disorders. Here, we focus on 1‐year longitudinal data from quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P MRS) in a placebo‐controlled study of sirolimus for inclusion body myositis (IBM), also examining their links to functional, strength, and clinical parameters in lower limb muscles.MethodsQuantitative MRI and 31P MRS data were collected at 3 T from a single site, involving 44 patients (22 on placebo, 22 on sirolimus) at baseline and year‐1, and 21 healthy controls. Assessments included fat fraction (FF), contractile cross‐sectional area (cCSA), and water T2 in global leg and thigh segments, muscle groups, individual muscles, as well as 31P MRS indices in quadriceps or triceps surae. Analyses covered patient‐control comparisons, annual change assessments via standard t‐tests and linear mixed models, calculation of standardized response means (SRM), and exploration of correlations between MRI, 31P MRS, functional, strength, and clinical parameters.ResultsThe quadriceps and gastrocnemius medialis muscles had the highest FF values, displaying notable heterogeneity and asymmetry, particularly in the quadriceps. In the placebo group, the median 1‐year FF increase in the quadriceps was 3.2% (P < 0.001), whereas in the sirolimus group, it was 0.7% (P = 0.033). Both groups experienced a significant decrease in cCSA in the quadriceps after 1 year (P < 0.001), with median changes of 12.6% for the placebo group and 5.5% for the sirolimus group. Differences in FF and cCSA changes between the two groups were significant (P < 0.001). SRM values for FF and cCSA were 1.3 and 1.4 in the placebo group and 0.5 and 0.8 in the sirolimus group, respectively. Water T2 values were highest in the quadriceps muscles of both groups, significantly exceeding control values in both groups (P < 0.001) and were higher in the placebo group than in the sirolimus group. After treatment, water T2 increased significantly only in the sirolimus group's quadriceps (P < 0.01). Multiple 31P MRS indices were abnormal in patients compared to controls and remained unchanged after treatment. Significant correlations were identified between baseline water T2 and FF at baseline and the change in FF (P < 0.001). Additionally, significant correlations were observed between FF, cCSA, water T2, and functional and strength outcome measures.ConclusionsThis study has demonstrated that quantitative MRI/31P MRS can discern measurable differences between placebo and sirolimus‐treated IBM patients, offering promise for future therapeutic trials in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies such as IBM.