bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastrointestinal contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for diagnosis and treatment of peptic ulcer in children
Authors: Zhang Yu-Hua , Xu Zhi-Hua , Ni Shuang-Shuang , Luo Hong-Xia 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND
The detection rate of peptic ulcer in children is improving, with development of diagnostic procedures. Gastroscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of peptic ulcer, but it is an invasive procedure. Gastrointestinal contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) has the advantages of being painless, noninvasive, nonradioactive, easy to use, and safe.
AIM
To investigate the clinical value of CEUS for diagnosis and treatment of peptic ulcer in children.
METHODS
We investigated 43 children with digestive tract symptoms in our hospital from January 2021 to June 2022. All children were examined by routine ultrasound, gastrointestinal CEUS, and gastroscopy. The pathological results of gastroscopy were taken as the gold standard. Routine ultrasonography was performed before gastrointestinal CEUS. Conventional ultrasound showed the thickness of the gastroduodenal wall, gastric peristalsis, and the adjacent organs and tissues around the abdominal cavity. Gastrointestinal CEUS recorded the thickness of the gastroduodenal wall; the size, location and shape of the ulcer; gastric peristalsis; and adjacent organs and tissues around the abdominal cavity. The results of routine ultrasound and gastrointestinal ultrasound were compared with those of gastroscopy to evaluate the diagnostic results and coincidence rate of routine ultrasound and gastrointestinal CEUS. All children received informed consent from their guardians for CEUS. This study was reviewed and approved by the hospital medical ethics committee.
RESULTS
Among the 43 children, 17 (15 male, 2 female) were diagnosed with peptic ulcer by gastroscopy. There were 26 children with nonpeptic ulcer. There were eight cases of peptic ulcer and 35 of nonpeptic ulcer diagnosed by conventional ultrasound. The diagnostic coincidence rate of peptic ulcer in children diagnosed by conventional ultrasound was 79.1% (34/43), which was significantly different from that of gastroscopy (P = 0.033). It indicates that the coincidence rate of gastrointestinal contrast-enhanced ultrasound and gastroscope is low. Fifteen cases of peptic ulcer and 28 of nonpeptic ulcer were diagnosed by CEUS. The diagnostic coincidence rate of peptic ulcer in children was 95.3% (41/43). There was no significant difference between CEUS and gastroscopy (P = 0.655). It indicates that the coincidence rate of gastrointestinal contrast-enhanced ultrasound and gastroscope is high.
CONCLUSION
Gastrointestinal CEUS has a high coincidence rate in the diagnosis of peptic ulcer in children, and can be used as a preliminary examination method.
Erlotinib combination with a mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone effectively suppresses pancreatic cancer cell survival
Authors: Leung Pui-Yin , Chen Wenjing , Sari Anissa N , Sitaram Poojitha , Wu Pui-Kei , Tsai Susan , Park Jong-In 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND
Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Increased activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is often observed in pancreatic cancer, and the small molecule EGFR inhibitor erlotinib has been approved for pancreatic cancer therapy by the food and drug administration. Nevertheless, erlotinib alone is ineffective and should be combined with other drugs to improve therapeutic outcomes. We previously showed that certain receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors can increase mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), facilitate tumor cell uptake of Δψm-sensitive agents, disrupt mitochondrial homeostasis, and subsequently trigger tumor cell death. Erlotinib has not been tested for this effect.
AIM
To determine whether erlotinib can elevate Δψm and increase tumor cell uptake of Δψm-sensitive agents, subsequently triggering tumor cell death.
METHODS
Δψm-sensitive fluorescent dye was used to determine how erlotinib affects Δψm in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell lines. The viability of conventional and patient-derived primary PDAC cell lines in 2D- and 3D cultures was measured after treating cells sequentially with erlotinib and mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone (MitoQ), a Δψm-sensitive MitoQ. The synergy between erlotinib and MitoQ was then analyzed using SynergyFinder 2.0. The preclinical efficacy of the two-drug combination was determined using immune-compromised nude mice bearing PDAC cell line xenografts.
RESULTS
Erlotinib elevated Δψm in PDAC cells, facilitating tumor cell uptake and mitochondrial enrichment of Δψm-sensitive agents. MitoQ triggered caspase-dependent apoptosis in PDAC cells in culture if used at high doses, while erlotinib pretreatment potentiated low doses of MitoQ. SynergyFinder suggested that these drugs synergistically induced tumor cell lethality. Consistent with in vitro data, erlotinib and MitoQ combination suppressed human PDAC cell line xenografts in mice more effectively than single treatments of each agent.
CONCLUSION
Our findings suggest that a combination of erlotinib and MitoQ has the potential to suppress pancreatic tumor cell viability effectively.
Covid-19 e Hipertensión Arterial y Factores de Riesgo Asociados en la UMF 09, Acapulco Guerrero
Authors: De la Cruz Néstor Benito Armando , Aguilar Hernández Guadalupe 
Published: February 2024

Durante la pandemia por COVID-19 se encontró asociación en los pacientes que padecían hipertensión arterial descontrolada, los cuales tienen mayor riesgo de complicación. Objetivo: Analizar los factores de riesgo asociados a COVID-19 e hipertensión arterial en el año 2022 en la Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 09 del IMSS, Acapulco, Guerrero. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal analítico, se utilizó muestreo no probabilístico, por conveniencia en pacientes con hipertensión arterial que presentaron prueba rápida positiva a COVID-19 y que acudieron al Módulo de Atención de Enfermedades Respiratorias en la Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 9 del IMSS, en el año 2022 en Acapulco, Guerrero. Tamaño de la muestra, 290 pacientes. Se trabajó con una base de datos elaborado en base a la revisión de expedientes clínicos electrónicos. Los resultados obtenidos se procesaron por medio del programa estadístico CIETmap SE. Resultados: muestra 290 pacientes, de las cuales mujeres 146 (50.3%). Edad promedio de 50.87, DS de 6.49. Se encontró asociación con tener edad mayor de 40 años para presentar COVID-19 moderado OR 0.4 IC95% 0.16-0.99 p=0.03, el grado de escolaridad también influyó, ORa 4.31, IC95%1.12-16.62 p=0.04. Se encontró relación entre hipertensión arterial descontrolada con COVID-19 moderado OR 1.79 IC95% 1.01-3.18 p=0.04. Conclusiones: pacientes con un nivel de estudios menor de primaria tuvieron un mayor riesgo de contraer COVID-19 moderado.
PENDAMPINGAN KEGIATAN BELAJAR ANAK DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN MEDIA STIK ANGKA DARI BAHAN ALAM UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KOGNITIF ANAK USIA 4-5 TAHUN DI PAUT TERPADU CITRA BAKTI
Authors: Nou Krensensiana Nou , Yona Maria Dela , Beru Valensia Ota , Ngura Elisabeth Tantiana 
Published: February 2024

Abstrak
Mengenal lambang bilangan 1-10 pada anak usia 4-5 tahun. Pembelajaran ini bertujuan untuk menumbuh kembang kognitif mengidentifikasi simbol angka 1-10 pada anak usia 4-5 tahun. Manfaat dari media stick angka dalam pembelajaran ; memberikan pedoman bagi guru untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran sehingga dapat menjelaskan materi pembelajaran dengan urutan yang sistematis dan membantu dalam menyajikan materi yang menarik untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat peningkatan kemampuan mengenal angka setelah pembelajaran melalui media stik angka. Hasil observasi pada pra tindakan menunjukan bahwa tidak ada anak yang berkriteria berkembang sesuai harapan atau mendapatkan presentase 75% setelah adanya tindakan siklus II kemampuan mengenal lambang bilangan yang berkriteria berkembang sangat baik meningkat menjadi 81%.

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PENDAMPINGAN PEMBELAJARAN PENJAS PADA MATERI PERMAINAN SEPAK BOLA DI SMA CITRA BAKTI
Authors: Bali Yohanes  Fromantinus , Bile Robertus Lili , Sada Apolonia , Ngedo Angelina Merici , Lele Yonatan Yasintus 
Published: February 2024

Pendampingan ini dilakukan oleh mahasiswa PJKR kepada siswa SMA Citra Bakti yang kemampuan belajar teknik dasar permainan sepak bola masih rendah disebabkan oleh kurangnya latihan teknik dasar permainan sepak bola. Oleh karena itu, tujuan pendampingan ini untuk meningkatkan ketrampilan teknik dasar permianan sepak bola dan motivasi belajar siswa terhadap pembelajaran penjas pada materi sepak bola di sekolah menengah atas Citra Bakti. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan bimbingan belajar yaitu metode Praktek langsung di lapangan dengan materi pokok teknik dasar permainan sepak bola dengan prosedur latihan adalah, pemanasan, kegiatan inti dan pendinginan. Dengan adanya kegiatan bimbingan belajar ini dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa terhadap pembelajaran penjas pada materi Permainan sepak bola. Hal ini dilihat dari kemampuan respon siswa dalam proses kegiatan pendampingan berlangsung.
“Beads-on-a-string” Star Formation Tied to One of the Most Powerful Active Galactic Nucleus Outbursts Observed in a Cool-core Galaxy Cluster
Authors: Omoruyi Osase , Tremblay Grant R. , Combes Francoise , Davis Timothy A. , Gladders Michael D. , Vikhlinin Alexey , Nulsen Paul , Kharb Preeti , Baum Stefi A. , O’Dea Christopher P. , Sharon Keren , Terrazas Bryan A. , Nevin Rebecca , Schechter Aimee L. , Zuhone John A. , McDonald Michael , Dahle Hakon , Bayliss Matthew B. , Connor Thomas , Florian Michael , Rigby Jane R. , Vaddi Sravani 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
With two central galaxies engaged in a major merger and a remarkable chain of 19 young stellar superclusters wound around them in projection, the galaxy cluster SDSS J1531+3414 (z = 0.335) offers an excellent laboratory to study the interplay between mergers, active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback, and star formation. New Chandra X-ray imaging reveals rapidly cooling hot (T ∼ 106 K) intracluster gas, with two “wings” forming a concave density discontinuity near the edge of the cool core. LOFAR 144 MHz observations uncover diffuse radio emission strikingly aligned with the “wings,” suggesting that the “wings” are actually the opening to a giant X-ray supercavity. The steep radio emission is likely an ancient relic of one of the most energetic AGN outbursts observed, with 4pV > 1061 erg. To the north of the supercavity, GMOS detects warm (T ∼ 104 K) ionized gas that enshrouds the stellar superclusters but is redshifted up to +800 km s−1 with respect to the southern central galaxy. The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array detects a similarly redshifted ∼1010
M
⊙ reservoir of cold (T ∼ 102 K) molecular gas, but it is offset from the young stars by ∼1–3 kpc. We propose that the multiphase gas originated from low-entropy gas entrained by the X-ray supercavity, attribute the offset between the young stars and the molecular gas to turbulent intracluster gas motions, and suggest that tidal interactions stimulated the “beads-on-a-string” star formation morphology.
Two-moment Neutrino Flavor Transformation with Applications to the Fast Flavor Instability in Neutron Star Mergers
Authors: Grohs Evan , Richers Sherwood , Couch Sean M. , Foucart Francois , Froustey Julien , Kneller James P. , McLaughlin Gail C. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Multi-messenger astrophysics has produced a wealth of data with much more to come in the future. This enormous data set will reveal new insights into the physics of core-collapse supernovae, neutron star mergers, and many other objects where it is actually possible, if not probable, that new physics is in operation. To tease out different possibilities, we will need to analyze signals from photons, neutrinos, gravitational waves, and chemical elements. This task is made all the more difficult when it is necessary to evolve the neutrino component of the radiation field and associated quantum-mechanical property of flavor in order to model the astrophysical system of interest—a numerical challenge that has not been addressed to this day. In this work, we take a step in this direction by adopting the technique of angular-integrated moments with a truncated tower of dynamical equations and a closure, convolving the flavor-transformation with spatial transport to evolve the neutrino radiation quantum field. We show that moments capture the dynamical features of fast flavor instabilities in a variety of systems, although our technique is by no means a universal blueprint for solving fast flavor transformation. To evaluate the effectiveness of our moment results, we compare to a more precise particle-in-cell method. Based on our results, we propose areas for improvement and application to complementary techniques in the future.
Enhanced Subkiloparsec-scale Star Formation: Results from a JWST Size Analysis of 341 Galaxies at 5 < z < 14
Authors: Morishita Takahiro , Stiavelli Massimo , Chary Ranga-Ram , Trenti Michele , Bergamini Pietro , Chiaberge Marco , Leethochawalit Nicha , Roberts-Borsani Guido , Shen Xuejian , Treu Tommaso 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We present a comprehensive search and analysis of high-redshift galaxies in a suite of nine public JWST extragalactic fields taken in Cycle 1, covering a total effective search area of

∼
358

arcmin

2

. Through conservative (8σ) photometric selection, we identify 341 galaxies at 5 < z < 14, with 109 having spectroscopic redshift measurements from the literature, including recent JWST NIRSpec observations. Our regression analysis reveals that the rest-frame UV size–stellar mass relation follows

R

eff

∝

M

*

0.19
±
0.03

, similar to that of star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 3, but scaled down in size by ∼0.7 dex. We find a much slower rate for the average size evolution over the redshift range, R
eff ∝ (1 + z)−0.4±0.2, than that derived in the literature. A fraction (∼13%) of our sample galaxies are marginally resolved even in the NIRCam imaging (≲100 pc), located at ≳1.5σ below the derived size–mass slope. These compact sources exhibit a high star formation surface density ΣSFR > 10 M
⊙ yr−1 kpc−2, a range in which only <0.01% of the local star-forming galaxy sample is found. For those with available NIRSpec data, no evidence of ongoing supermassive black hole accretion is observed. A potential explanation for the observed high [O iii]-to-Hβ ratios could be high shock velocities, likely originating within intense star-forming regions characterized by high ΣSFR. Lastly, we find that the rest-frame UV and optical sizes of our sample are comparable. Our results are consistent with these early galaxies building up their structures inside out and being yet to exhibit the strong color gradient seen at lower redshift.
Relativistic Jet Motion in the Radio-quiet LINER Galaxy KISSR 872
Authors: Kharb Preeti , Blackman Eric G. , Clausen-Brown Eric , Das Mousumi , Schwartz Daniel A. , Siemiginowska Aneta , Subramanian Smitha , Vaddi Sravani 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We report superluminal jet motion with an apparent speed of β
app = 1.65 ± 0.57 in the radio-quiet (RQ) low-ionization nuclear emission-line region (LINER) galaxy KISSR 872. This result comes from two-epoch phase-referenced very long baseline interferometry observations at 5 GHz. The detection of bulk relativistic motion in the jet of this extremely radio-faint active galactic nucleus (AGN), with a total 1.4 GHz flux density of 5 mJy in the 5.″4 resolution Very Large Array FIRST survey image and 1.5 mJy in the ∼5 mas resolution Very Long Baseline Array image, is the first of its kind in an RQ LINER galaxy. The presence of relativistic jets in lower accretion rate objects like KISSR 872, with an Eddington ratio of 0.04, reveals that even RQ AGN can harbor relativistic jets and provides evidence of their universality over a wide range of accretion powers.
The Measurement of Masses of OB-type Stars from LAMOST DR5
Authors: Huo Zhenyan , Liu Zhicun , Cui Wenyuan , Liu Chao , Liu Jiaming , Sun Mingxu , Feng Shuai , Li Linlin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The measurements of masses and luminosities of massive stars play an important role in understanding the formation and evolution of their host galaxies. In this work, we present the measurement of masses and luminosities of 2946 OB-type stars, including 78 O-type stars and 2868 B-type stars, based on their stellar parameters (effective temperature, surface gravity, and metallicity) and the Padova and Trieste Stellar Evolution Code isochrones model. Our results show that the median mass and luminosity of the 2946 OB-type stars are 5.4 M
⊙ and log(L/L
⊙) = 3.2 with median relative errors of 21.4% and 71.1%, respectively. A good agreement between our results estimated by using our method and those derived by using the orbital motions of binary stars from the literature is found for some B-type stars. In addition, we also fit the mass–luminosity relation of B-type stars by using our derived mass and the luminosity from Gaia Data Release 3.
A Comptonized Fireball Bubble Fits the Second Extragalactic Magnetar Giant Flare GRB 231115A
Authors: Yin Yi-Han Iris , Zhang Zhao Joseph , Yang Jun , Chen Run-Chao , Rehman Umer , Bahal Varun , Zhang Bin-Bin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Magnetar giant flares (MGFs), originating from noncatastrophic magnetars, share noteworthy similarities with some short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). However, understanding their detailed origin and radiation mechanisms remains challenging due to limited observations. The discovery of MGF GRB 231115A, the second extragalactic MGF located in the Cigar galaxy at a luminosity distance of ∼3.5 Mpc, offers yet another significant opportunity for gaining insights into the aforementioned topics. This Letter explores its temporal properties and conducts a comprehensive analysis of both the time-integrated and time-resolved spectra through empirical and physical model fitting. Our results reveal certain properties of GRB 231115A that bear resemblances to GRB 200415A. We employ a Comptonized fireball bubble model, in which the Compton cloud, formed by the magnetar wind with high density e
±, undergoes Compton scattering and inverse Compton scattering, resulting in reshaped thermal spectra from the expanding fireball at the photosphere radius. This leads to dynamic shifts in dominant emission features over time. Our model successfully fits the observed data, providing a constrained physical picture, such as a trapped fireball with a radius of ∼1.95 × 105 cm and a high local magnetic field of 2.5 × 1016 G. The derived peak energy and isotropic energy of the event further confirm the burst’s MGF origin and its contribution to the MGF-GRB sample. We also discuss prospects for further gravitational wave detection associated with MGFs, given their high-event-rate density (∼8 × 105 Gpc−3 yr−1) and ultrahigh local magnetic field.
Sensitivity Testing of Stereophotoclinometry for the OSIRIS-REx Mission. I. The Accuracy and Errors of Digital Terrain Modeling
Authors: Palmer Eric E. , Weirich John R. , Gaskell Robert W. , Lambert Diane , Campbell Tanner , Drozd Kris , Barnouin Olivier S. , Daly Michael G. , Getzandanner Kenneth , Kidd John N. , Adam Coralie D. , Lauretta Dante S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Stereophotoclinometry (SPC) was the prime method of shape modeling for NASA’s OSIRIS-REx mission to asteroid Bennu. Here we describe the extensive testing conducted before launch to certify SPC as NASA Class B flight software, which not only validated SPC for operational use but also quantified the accuracy of this technique. We used a computer-generated digital terrain model (DTM) of a synthetic asteroid as the truth input to render simulated truth images per the planned OSIRIS-REx observing campaign. The truth images were then used as input to SPC to create testing DTMs. Imaging sets, observational parameters, and processing techniques were varied to evaluate their effects on SPC's performance and their relative importance for the quality of the resulting DTMs. We show that the errors in accuracy for SPC models are of the order of the source images’ smallest pixel sizes and that a DTM can be created at any scale, provided there is sufficient imagery at that scale. Uncertainty in the spacecraft’s flight path has minimal impact on the accuracy of SPC models. Subtraction between two DTMs (truth and simulated) is an effective approach for measuring error but has limitations. Comparing the simulated truth images with images rendered from the SPC-derived DTMs provides an excellent metric for DTM quality at smaller scales and can also be applied in flight by using real images of the target. SPC has limitations near steep slopes (e.g., the sides of boulders), leading to height errors of more than 30%. This assessment of the accuracy and sensitivity of SPC provides confidence in this technique and lessons that can be applied to future missions.
Multiscale Imaging in Understanding Pore Structure and Alignment of Seal Rock for Long Term CO2 Containment
Authors: Sazali W. M. L. , Buckman J. , Ma J. , Leite R. J. , Plumper O. , Busch A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) provides a viable option to reduce CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. In CCS, CO2 is planned to be safely stored in suitable subsurface formations, providing sufficient storage capacity and sealing integrity. Analysing caprock properties like porosity and permeability is important in ensuring long-term CO2 containment. Caprocks are mainly composed of mudrocks that are characterised by nanometre to micron scale structures (pores and particles). A combination of medical and micro-CT scanning, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Focused-Ion-Beam (FIB), and Broad-Ion-Beam (BIB) are available to produce high-resolution 3D and 2D images. These can help to determine porosity down to a nanometre resolution. They can however also be used in pore network modelling which allows the computation of flow properties. In this study, core samples were CT scanned to determine the presence of fractures. This was followed by micro-CT and SEM scanning for higher-resolution images of the larger pores. To improve understanding of the porosity and permeability of the mudrocks analysed, samples were milled by BIB and imaged by SEM producing high-resolution 2D images (up to 5 nm) and allowing for detailed microstructural analysis at a scale of 2 mm2. We then identified different areas representing sample heterogeneity in terms of pore structure and permeability. These areas were then analysed using FIB-SEM with resolution down to 10 nm to obtain 3D models. Image analysis was done to identify the pore structure and alignment with the principal stress directions. The total porosity (within the resolution of the measurements) has been integrated with other experimental measurements and will become important parameters in the correlation of data determined on drill cuttings with core data and well logs. We hypothesize that upscaling from cuttings and core samples to well scale is feasible if an improved understanding of sample heterogeneity, method limitation, and the integration of experimental data with pore scale and pore network modelling is achieved. This will support de-risking of CO2 leakage across low permeability sealing formations.