bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the interpersonal dependency scale for older adults
Authors: Gardner Deborah , Helmes Edward 
Published: February 2007

Objectives: This research developed a new, theory‐based measure of interpersonal dependency for use with older adults. Methods: Group discussions were facilitated with older people along with input from a group of allied health workers to assist with the initial item selection process. Then, based on Bornstein's interactive theory of dependency, 85 items were selected for distribution to two random samples of 350 people, aged 65–90 years, from two Perth organisations (the Silver Chain Nursing Association and the Positive Ageing Foundation of Australia). Results: Using item‐total correlations, the 85‐item scale was reduced to a highly reliable, short (20‐item) screening tool. Coefficient alphas ranged from 0.92–0.94. Conclusions: The new interpersonal dependency measure will assist further research in the area of older adult dependency. In addition, if used as a screening tool by home‐care agencies it has the potential to inform interventions.
Molecular genetic analysis of porcine mannose‐binding lectin genes, MBL1 and MBL2, and their association with complement activity
Authors: Phatsara C. , Jennen D. G. J. , Ponsuksili S. , Murani E. , Tesfaye D. , Schellander K. , Wimmers K. 
Published: February 2007

SummaryMannose‐binding lectin (MBL) mediates activation of the complement system via the lectin pathway. Two forms of MBL, MBL‐A and MBL‐C, were characterized in rodents, rabbits, bovine and rhesus monkeys, whereas only one form was identified in humans, chimpanzees and chickens. The two forms are encoded by two distinct genes named MBL1 and MBL2, which have been identified in many species including the pig. In this report, we studied the two porcine genes MBL1 and MBL2. The porcine MBL genes had higher identities to bovine rather than primate and rodent sequences. Both genes were assigned to chromosome 14 by radiation hybrid panel and linkage mapping. Both MBL genes were highly expressed in liver. MBL1 was also found to be expressed in the lung, testis and brain, whereas low expression of MBL2 was detected in the testis and kidney. New single nucleotide polymorphisms of porcine MBL2 gene were found and genotyped in an experimental F2 pig population, together with a previously reported SNP of MBL1. MBL1 genotypes differed in C3c serum concentration, i.e. in vivo complement activity, at P < 0.1. Correspondingly, linkage analysis revealed a quantitative trait locus for C3c serum level close to the position of the MBL genes. The study thus promotes the porcine MBL genes as functional and positional candidate gene for complement activity.
A Model for Caregiving of Adopted Children After Institutionalization
Authors: Gribble Karleen D. 
Published: February 2007

TOPIC:  Optimizing caregiving for newly adopted postinstitutionalized children. PURPOSE:  To consider a template of care for postinstitutionalized children based on experiences that physiological measures suggest are expected by infants postbirth. SOURCES:  Published literature and clinical experience. CONCLUSION:  Based on an understanding of physiologically expected care postbirth, special care for postinstitutionalized adopted children might include: close physical contact via use of a sling and cosleeping; breastfeeding or nurturing through food; and responsive caregiving. In replicating earlier missed experiences, parents may assist emotional development in their child and promote attachment development.
MODULAR RANKING ABSTRACTION
Authors: BALABAN ITTAI , PNUELI AMIR , ZUCK LENORE D. 
Published: February 2007

Predicate abstraction has become one of the most successful methodologies for proving safety properties of programs. Recently, several abstraction methodologies have been proposed for proving liveness properties. This paper studies "ranking abstraction" where a program is augmented by a non-constraining progress monitor based on a set of ranking functions, and further abstracted by predicate-abstraction, to allow for automatic verification of progress properties. Unlike many liveness methodologies, the augmentation does not require a complete ranking function that is expected to decrease with each helpful step. Rather, adequate user-provided inputs are component rankings from which a complete ranking function may be automatically formed. The premise of the paper is an analogy between the methods of ranking abstraction and predicate abstraction, one ingredient of which is refinement: When predicate abstraction fails, one can refine it. When ranking abstraction fails, one must determine whether the predicate abstraction, or the ranking abstraction, needs be refined. The paper presents strategies for determining which case is at hand, and methods for performing the apporpriate refinements. The other part of the analogy is that of automatically deriving deductive proof constructs: Predicate abstraction is often used to derive program invariants for proving safety properties as a boolean combination of the given predicates. Deductive proof of progress properties requires well-founded ranking functions in addition to invariants. We show how the constructs necessary for a deductive proof of an arbitrary LTL formula can be automatically extracted from a successful application of the ranking abstraction method.
In Situ Characterization of Gas-Phase Species Present During Hafnium Oxide Atomic Layer Deposition
Authors: Maslar James E. , Hurst Wilbur , Burgess Donald , Kimes William , Nguyen Nhan 
Published: February 2007

In this work, the species present in the gas phase during atomic layer deposition of hafnium oxide were investigated in an attempt to gain insight into the chemistry of this system. Hafnium oxide was deposited on a silicon substrate using tetrakis(ethylmethylamino) hafnium, Hf[N(C2H5)(CH3)]4, and water.	In situ infrared absorption spectroscopy measurements were performed in a research-grade, horizontal-flow reactor under a range of deposition conditions. Density functional theory quantum calculations of vibrational frequencies of expected species were used to facilitate identification of observed spectral features.
The Role of Alloying Elements in the Corrosion of Cobalt-based Alloys
Authors: Metikos-Hukovic Mirjana , Babić Ranko , Omanović Dario , Milošev Ingrid 
Published: February 2007

Co-Cr-Mo alloys have been widely used as biomaterials to assist in the repair or replacement of bone tissue in the human body. In this study the influence of alloying elements on the properties of passive films, which are vital to the alloy's biocompatibility, was studied.	In-vitro investigations were performed in a physiological Hank's solution with a pH of 6.8. Electrochemical techniques were used to study the oxido-reduction processes, while the structural properties of the electrified interfaces and the solid-state processes and changes inside the oxide films were studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The film's composition as a function of the applied potential was examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A quantitative analysis of the metallic ions produced during a prolonged immersion of the investigated materials in the Hank's solution was carried out by high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR ICP-MS). A good correlation between the results obtained from the different experimental techniques was obtained.
Proton Conduction in In3+-doped SnP2O7 with Various P/(Sn+In) Ratios
Authors: Nagao Masahiro , Kamiya Toshio , Heo Pilwon , Hibino Takashi , Sano Mitsuru , Tomita Atsuko 
Published: February 2007

A proton conducting, 10 mol% In3+-doped SnP2O7 was characterized by TGA, TEM measurement, and electrochemical techniques. We prepared Sn0.9In0.1P2{plus minus}xO7{plus minus}x samples with various P/(Sn+In) molar ratios from 1.7 to 2.6. Sn0.9In0.1P2O7 with a stoichiometric P/(Sn+In) molar ratio of 2.0 showed a proton conductivity of about 0.19 S cm-1 at 250oC under unhumidified conditions.	When the P/(Sn+In) molar ratios were over 2.0, amorphous layer composed of phosphorus compounds were observed over the surface of Sn0.9In0.1P2O7 particles. The proton conductivity slightly increased with increasing the P/(Sn+In) molar ratios from 2.0 to 2.6.	It is considered that the amorphous layer enhanced the proton conductivity by surface conduction. On the other hand, the thermal stability of this amorphous layer during heating- cooling cycle was not enough high to apply to electrochemical devises. It is important to prepare Sn0.9In0.1P2O7 with the P/ (Sn+In) molar ratio of 2.0 to achieve both sufficient proton conductivity and high thermal stability.
Formation of a Charge-Separated State of a Fullerene-Trinitrofluorenone Dyad by Complexation with Scandium Ion
Authors: Ohkubo Kei , Ortiz Javier , Martín-Gomis Luis , Fernández-Lázaro Fernando , Sastre-Santos Ángela , Fukuzumi S. 
Published: February 2007

A long-lived charge-separated state of fullerene-trinitrofluorenone linked dyad (C60- TNF) is formed in the presence of Sc(OTf)3 via intramolecular electron transfer from the singlet excited state of fullerene to TNF and binding of Sc3+ to the resulting TNF radical anion.	The lifetime of the charge-separated state is determined as 23 ms in PhCN at 298 K.
Synthesis and Durability of Improved Fuel Cell Catalysts
Authors: Van Zee John W. , Beard Kevin D. , Monnier John R. 
Published: February 2007

A study of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts prepared by the electroless deposition (ED) of PtCl62- on a carbon support is presented. The ED procedure used functionalized carbon that was seeded with a precursor (Pd or Rh) and dimethylamine borane (DMAB) as the reducing agent and citrate as the stabilizing agent. It is shown that the DMAB concentration and precursor loading affect the rate of ED proportionally and that high pH conditions inhibit ED.	Over our concentration range, the citrate had no effect on rate of ED. The ED catalyst was characterized using transmission electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and these revealed that smaller particles with greater surface area could be synthesized with ED. However, no increase on ORR activity was observed.
Adoptive transfer of tumor-primed, in vitro–activated, CD4+ T effector cells (TEs) combined with CD8+ TEs provides intratumoral TE proliferation and synergistic antitumor response
Authors: Wang Li-Xin , Shu Suyu , Disis Mary L. , Plautz Gregory E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe importance of CD4+ Th1 cells during the effector phase of the antitumor response has been overshadowed by emphasis on CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). To determine their respective functions, we purified antigen-primed T cells from tumor-draining lymph nodes and separately activated CD4+ and CD8+ subsets in vitro. Adoptive transfer of CD4+ T effector cells (TEs) combined with CD8+ TEs provided synergistic therapy for mice bearing subcutaneous, intracranial, or advanced pulmonary metastases. CD4+ TEs augmented IFN-γ production by CD8+ TEs when cells were stimulated by tumor digest–containing antigen-presenting cells (APCs). CD4+ TEs infiltrated and proliferated extensively in pulmonary tumors, while also stimulating tumor antigen–specific CD8+ T cells. By contrast, CD8+ TEs showed minimal intratumoral proliferation in the absence of CD4+ cells or when systemically transferred CD4+ cells were prevented from infiltrating pulmonary tumors by pretreatment with pertussis toxin. Irradiation of CD4+ T cells immediately prior to adoptive transfer abrogated their intratumoral proliferation and direct antitumor efficacy but did not block their capacity to stimulate intratumoral CD8+ TE proliferation or tumor regression. These results highlight the importance of cross-presentation of tumor antigens during the effector phase of immunotherapy and suggest that approaches to stimulate CD4+ TE function and boost APC cross-presentation within tumors will augment cancer immunotherapy.
Review of 54 patients with complete DiGeorge anomaly enrolled in protocols for thymus transplantation: outcome of 44 consecutive transplants
Authors: Markert M. Louise , Devlin Blythe H. , Alexieff Marilyn J. , Li Jie , McCarthy Elizabeth A. , Gupton Stephanie E. , Chinn Ivan K. , Hale Laura P. , Kepler Thomas B. , He Min , Sarzotti Marcella , Skinner Michael A. , Rice Henry E. , Hoehner Jeffrey C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to characterize a large group of infants with complete DiGeorge anomaly and to evaluate the ability of thymus transplantation to reconstitute immune function in these infants. DiGeorge anomaly is characterized by varying defects of the heart, thymus, and parathyroid glands. Complete DiGeorge anomaly refers to the subgroup that is athymic (< 1%). The characteristics of 54 subjects at presentation and results from 44 consecutive thymus transplantations are reported. Remarkably, only 52% had 22q11 hemizygosity and only 57% had congenital heart disease requiring surgery. Thirty-one percent developed an atypical phenotype with rash and lymphadenopathy. To date, 33 of 44 subjects who received a transplant survive (75%) with post-transplantation follow-up as long as 13 years. All deaths occurred within 12 months of transplantation. All 25 subjects who were tested 1 year after transplantation had developed polyclonal T-cell repertoires and proliferative responses to mitogens. Adverse events developing after transplantation included hypothyroidism in 5 subjects and enteritis in 1 subject. In summary, diagnosis of complete DiGeorge anomaly is challenging because of the variability of presentation. Thymus transplantation was well tolerated and resulted in stable immunoreconstitution in these infants.
p53 status dictates responses of B lymphomas to monotherapy with proteasome inhibitors
Authors: Yu Duonan , Carroll Martin , Thomas-Tikhonenko Andrei 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe proapoptotic function of p53 is thought to underlie most anticancer modalities and is also activated in response to oncogenic insults, such as overexpression of the Myc oncoprotein. Here we generated tractable B lymphomas using retroviral transduction of the MYC oncogene into hematopoietic cells with 2 knock-in alleles encoding a fusion between p53 and 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4OHT) receptor (p53ERTAM). In these polyclonal tumors, Myc is the only oncogenic lesion, and p53ERTAM status can be rapidly toggled between “off” and “on” with 4OHT, provided that the Trp53 promoter has been independently activated. Although 4OHT can trigger widespread apoptosis and overt tumor regression even in the absence of DNA-damaging agents, in tumors with high levels of Mdm2 these responses are blunted. However, cotreatment with proteasome inhibitors fully restores therapeutic effects in vivo. Similarly, human Burkitt lymphomas with wild-type p53 and overexpression of Hdm2 are highly sensitive to proteasome inhibitors, unless p53 levels are reduced using the HPV-E6 ubiquitin ligase. Therefore, proteasome inhibitors could be highly effective as a monotherapy against Myc-induced lymphomas, with no need for adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy. On the other hand, their efficacy is crucially dependent on the wild-type p53 status of the tumor, placing important restrictions on patient selection.
Highly homologous T-cell receptor beta sequences support a common target for autoreactive T cells in most patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Authors: Gargiulo Lucia , Lastraioli Sonia , Cerruti Giannamaria , Serra Martina , Loiacono Fabrizio , Zupo Simona , Luzzatto Lucio , Notaro Rosario 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDeficiency of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)–anchored molecules on blood cells accounts for most features of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) but not for the expansion of PNH (GPI−) clone(s). A plausible model is that PNH clones expand by escaping negative selection exerted by autoreactive T cells against normal (GPI+) hematopoiesis. By a systematic analysis of T-cell receptor beta (TCR-β) clonotypes of the CD8+ CD57+ T-cell population, frequently deranged in PNH, we show recurrent clonotypes in PNH patients but not in healthy controls: 11 of 16 patients shared at least 1 of 5 clonotypes, and a set of closely related clonotypes was present in 9 patients. The presence of T-cell clones bearing a set of highly homologous TCR-β molecules in most patients with hemolytic PNH is consistent with an immune process driven by the same (or similar) antigen(s)—probably a nonpeptide antigen, because patients sharing clonotypes do not all share identical HLA alleles. These data confirm that CD8+ CD57+ T cells play a role in PNH pathogenesis and provide strong new support to the hypothesis that the expansion of the GPI− blood cell population in PNH is due to selective damage to normal hematopoiesis mediated by an autoimmune attack against a nonpeptide antigen(s) that could be the GPI anchor itself.
Protein kinase C inhibitor enzastaurin induces in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity in Waldenström macroglobulinemia
Authors: Moreau Anne-Sophie , Jia Xiaoying , Ngo Hai T. , Leleu Xavier , O'Sullivan Garrett , Alsayed Yazan , Leontovich Alexey , Podar Klaus , Kutok Jeffrey , Daley John , Lazo-Kallanian Suzan , Hatjiharissi Evdoxia , Raab Marc S. , Xu Lian , Treon Steven P. , Hideshima Teru , Anderson Kenneth C. , Ghobrial Irene M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWaldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is an incurable lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma with limited options of therapy. Protein kinase Cβ (PKCβ) regulates cell survival and growth in many B-cell malignancies. In this study, we demonstrate up-regulation of PKCβ protein in WM using protein array techniques and immunohistochemistry. Enzastaurin, a PKCβ inhibitor, blocked PKCβ activity and induced a significant decrease of proliferation at 48 hours in WM cell lines (IC50, 2.5-10 μM). Similar effects were demonstrated in primary CD19+ WM cells, without cytotoxicity on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In addition, enzastaurin overcame tumor cell growth induced by coculture of WM cells with bone marrow stromal cells. Enzastaurin induced dose-dependent apoptosis at 48 hours mediated via induction of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and PARP cleavage. Enzastaurin inhibited Akt phosphorylation and Akt kinase activity, as well as downstream p-MARCKS and ribosomal p-S6. Furthermore, enzastaurin demonstrated additive cytotoxicity in combination with bortezomib, and synergistic cytotoxicity in combination with fludarabine. Finally, in an in vivo xenograft model of human WM, significant inhibition of tumor growth was observed in the enzastaurin-treated mice (P = .028). Our studies therefore show that enzastaurin has significant antitumor activity in WM both in vitro and in vivo, providing the framework for clinical trials to improve patient outcome in WM.
The gene expression profile of nodal peripheral T-cell lymphoma demonstrates a molecular link between angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and follicular helper T (TFH) cells
Authors: de Leval Laurence , Rickman David S. , Thielen Caroline , Reynies Aurélien de , Huang Yen-Lin , Delsol Georges , Lamant Laurence , Leroy Karen , Brière Josette , Molina Thierry , Berger Françoise , Gisselbrecht Christian , Xerri Luc , Gaulard Philippe 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe molecular alterations underlying the pathogenesis of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified (PTCL-u) are largely unknown. In order to characterize the ontogeny and molecular differences between both entities, a series of AITLs (n = 18) and PTCLs-u (n = 16) was analyzed using gene expression profiling. Unsupervised clustering correlated with the pathological classification and with CD30 expression in PTCL-u. The molecular profile of AITLs was characterized by a strong microenvironment imprint (overexpression of B-cell– and follicular dendritic cell–related genes, chemokines, and genes related to extracellular matrix and vascular biology), and overexpression of several genes characteristic of normal follicular helper T (TFH) cells (CXCL13, BCL6, PDCD1, CD40L, NFATC1). By gene set enrichment analysis, the AITL molecular signature was significantly enriched in published TFH-specific genes. The enrichment was higher for sorted AITL cells than for tissue samples. Overexpression of several TFH genes was validated by immunohistochemistry in AITLs. A few cases with molecular TFH-like features were identified among CD30− PTCLs-u. Our findings strongly support that TFH cells represent the normal counterpart of AITL, and suggest that the AITL spectrum may be wider than suspected, as a subset of CD30− PTCLs-u may derive from or be related to AITL.
Racial variation in the relationship of anemia with mortality and mobility disability among older adults
Authors: Patel Kushang V. , Harris Tamara B. , Faulhaber Marion , Angleman Sara B. , Connelly Stephanie , Bauer Douglas C. , Kuller Lewis H. , Newman Anne B. , Guralnik Jack M. 
Published: February 2007

Abstract
Anemia is more common among older blacks than older whites. However, it is unclear whether anemia predicts adverse events similarly in both races. Data on 1018 black and 1583 white adults aged 71 to 82 years were analyzed. Anemia, as defined by World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, was used to predict mortality over 6 years and incidence of mobility disability over 4 years. In proportional hazards models of mortality in whites, the age-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for anemia in men was 1.96 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35, 2.83) and in women was 2.86 (95% CI: 1.69, 4.82). In contrast, anemia was not associated with mortality in black men (HR = 1.15 [95% CI: 0.77, 1.72]) or women (HR = 1.39 [95% CI: 0.91, 2.14]). Higher mortality rate was observed only in black men with hemoglobin values more than 20 g/L (2.0 g/dL) below the WHO cutoff, whereas mortality rates were elevated in white men with hemoglobin values 1 to 10, 11 to 20, and more than 20 g/L below the WHO cutoff. In conclusion, anemia was significantly associated with increased risk of death and mobility disability in community-dwelling older whites. Conversely, older blacks classified as anemic by WHO criteria were not at risk for adverse events, indicating that alternative criteria are warranted.