bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective Detection of H2 Gas in Gas Mixtures Using NiO‐Shelled Pd‐Decorated ZnO Nanowires
Authors: Badie Clémence , Mirzaei Ali , Lee Jae‐Hyoung , Sayegh Syreina , Bechelany Mikhael , Santinacci Lionel , Kim Hyoun Woo , Kim Sang Sub 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHydrogen (H2) gas is a green fuel, but its leakage during storage and transportation can lead to disasters due to its explosive nature. Here, a sensitive and selective H2 gas sensor is developed that can detect H2 in H2/CO and H2/NO2 gas mixtures. First, ZnO nanowires (NWs) are grown using vapor–liquid–solid growth. This is followed by atomic layer deposition‐mediated growth of Pd nanoparticles (NPs) on the ZnO NWs and uniform deposition of a thin NiO shell layer (12 nm in thickness) over the Pd‐decorated ZnO NWs. Characterization of the synthesized samples by different methods confirms the desired chemical composition, morphology, and phases. H2 gas sensing studies reveals the highly sensitive and selective response of the optimized gas sensor to H2 at 200 °C. In the presence of H2/CO and H2/NO2 gas mixtures, the NiO‐shelled Pd‐decorated ZnO NW sensor displays good selectivity for H2, but not the Pd‐decorated ZnO NW gas one. The NiO‐shelled Pd‐decorated ZnO NW gas sensor efficiently detected H2 also in the presence of 40% relative humidity and displays good stability even after 1 month. The present results can open the doors to the fabrication of highly selective H2 gas sensors using the described rationale design.
Fabrication and Characterization of a Magnetic 3D‐printed Microactuator
Authors: Rothermel Florian , Thiele Simon , Jung Chris , Krapf Anna , Ilse Sven Erik , Merle Benoit , Giessen Harald , Herkommer Alois M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractConventional MEMS microactuators have, in recent years, been complemented by 3D‐printed actuatable microstructures fabricated via two‐Photon‐Polymerization (2PP). Herein, a novel compact 3D‐printed magnetically actuatable microactuator with a diameter of 500µm is demonstrated, originally designed for micro‐optical systems. It is fabricated by incorporating a composite of NdFeB microparticles and epoxy resin into a designated reservoir of the printed mechanical structure within a simple post‐processing step. The microactuator structure features mechanical springs, allowing for continuous positioning with large displacement. Mechanical studies by nanoindentation of IP‐S bulk structures reveal a viscoelastic material behavior, described by a two‐element General Kelvin‐Voigt viscoelasticity model. The obtained material parameters are then used to simulate and characterize the spring behavior of the microactuator. Actuation experiments are conducted using an external microcoil. The actuator displacement is measured for triangular current pulses with a peak current of 106 mA and durations of 1 to 100 s, resulting in displacements of 69.1 to 88.9 µm. Hysteretic behavior of the actuator is observed, attributable to viscoelasticity and magnetic properties of the core material. Numerical simulations of the experiment demonstrate this behavior as well. On‐the‐fly demagnetization and the implementation of closed‐loop control allow for both high repeatability and precise positioning.
Nearly Perfect Routing of Chiral Light by Plasmonic Grating on Slab Waveguide
Authors: Fradkin Ilia M. , Demenev Andrey A. , Kovalchuk Anatoly V. , Kulakovskii Vladimir D. , Antonov Vladimir N. , Dyakov Sergey A. , Gippius Nikolay A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGrating couplers are widely used to couple waveguide modes with the far field. Their usefulness is determined not only by energy efficiency but also by additional supported functionality. In this paper, a plasmonic is demonstrated grating on a silicon nitride slab waveguide that couples both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) waveguide modes with circularly polarized light in the far field. Specifically, it is experimentally confirmed that circularly polarized light excites TE and TM modes propagating in opposite directions, and the direction is controlled by the handedness. The routing efficiency for normally incident light reaches up to 95%. The same structure operates in the outcoupling regime as well, demonstrating up to 97% degree of circular polarization, where the handedness is determined by the polarization and propagation direction of outcoupled modes. The results pave the way for the realization of polarization‐division multiplexers and demultiplexers, integrated circular polarization emitters, as well as detectors of the polarization state of the incident optical field.
Spontaneous Formation of 1D/3D Perovskite Heterojunctions for Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Ji Ran , Zhang Zongbao , Deconinck Marielle , Hofstetter Yvonne J. , Shi Juanzi , Paulus Fabian , Raval Parth , Reddy G. N. Manjunatha , Vaynzof Yana 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInterfacial modification is a key strategy for improving the performance of perovskite photovoltaic devices. While the modification of the top surface of the perovskite active layer is well established, engineering of the buried interface is highly challenging. Here, the spontaneous formation of a 1D/3D perovskite heterojunction at the buried interface of a perovskite active layer by incorporating choline acetate alongside the perovskite precursors is reported. Importantly, extensive spectroscopic and microscopic characterization and solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance experiments demonstrate the formation of phase‐pure 1D and 3D domains. The 1D/3D junction results in a suppression of the defect states and an improved energetic level alignment at the buried interface, leading to a maximum power conversion efficiency of >24% when incorporated in inverted architecture perovskite solar cells. This work introduces a versatile approach to the modification of the buried interface of the perovskite active layer.
Image‐based hybrid model incorporating initial spatial distribution for mesenchymal stem cell cultivation process design
Authors: Hirono Keita , Hayashi Yusuke , A. Udugama Isuru , Takemoto Yuto , Kato Ryuji , Kino‐oka Masahiro , Sugiyama Hirokazu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis work presents an image‐based hybrid model incorporating the initial spatial distribution for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) cultivation process design. First, three levels of seeding bias in static MSC cultivation were experimentally investigated, and the resulting initial distribution was quantified using phase contrast microscopy image analysis. Second, the observed spatial heterogeneity was defined as a new parameter by calculating the standard deviation of the seeded cell number fraction among numerical 8 × 8 tiles on two‐dimensional plates. Third, the parameter was incorporated into kinetic models to consider spatial growth limitation. The model was then applied to simulate MSC cultivation processes with experimental data. Using dynamic and stochastic simulation outputs, feasible ranges of cell‐harvesting time could be determined to satisfy a given requirement for the minimum cell number and acceptable confluency level. The developed hybrid model could serve as a basis for quantitative decision‐making in the design of MSC cultivation processes.
High expression of SULF1 is associated with adverse prognosis in breast cancer brain metastasis
Authors: Li Yitong , Feng Tingting , Wang Qinghong , Wu Yue , Wang Jue , Zhang Wenlong , Kong Qi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer is the most common cancer in women, and in advanced stages, it often metastasizes to the brain. However, research on the biological mechanisms of breast cancer brain metastasis and potential therapeutic targets are limited.MethodsDifferential gene expression analysis (DEGs) for the datasets GSE43837 and GSE125989 from the GEO database was performed using online analysis tools such as GEO2R and Sangerbox. Further investigation related to SULF1 was conducted using online databases such as Kaplan–Meier Plotter and cBioPortal. Thus, expression levels, variations, associations with HER2, biological processes, and pathways involving SULF1 could be analyzed using UALCAN, cBioPortal, GEPIA2, and LinkedOmics databases. Moreover, the sensitivity of SULF1 to existing drugs was explored using drug databases such as RNAactDrug and CADSP.ResultsHigh expression of SULF1 was associated with poor prognosis in advanced breast cancer brain metastasis and was positively correlated with the expression of HER2. In the metastatic breast cancer population, SULF1 ranked top among the 16 DEGs with the highest mutation rate, reaching 11%, primarily due to amplification. KEGG and GSEA analyses revealed that the genes co‐expressed with SULF1 were positively enriched in the ‘ECM‐receptor interaction’ gene set and negatively enriched in the ‘Ribosome’ gene set. Currently, docetaxel and vinorelbine can act as treatment options if the expression of SULF1 is high.ConclusionsThis study, through bioinformatics analysis, unveiled SULF1 as a potential target for treating breast cancer brain metastasis (BM).
Small Molecule‐Inducible and Photoactivatable Cellular RNA N1‐Methyladenosine Editing
Authors: Xie Guoyou , Lu Yunqing , He Jiaxin , Yang Xianyuan , Zhou Jiawang , Yi Cheng , Li Jian , Li Zigang , Asadikaram Gholamreza , Niu Hongxin , Xiong Xiaofeng , Li Jiexin , Wang Hongsheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractN1‐methyladenosine (m1A) modification is one of the most prevalent epigenetic modifications on RNA. Given the vital role of m1A modification in RNA processing such as splicing, stability and translation, developing a precise and controllable m1A editing tool is pivotal for in‐depth investigating the biological functions of m1A. In this study, we developed an abscisic acid (ABA)‐inducible and reversible m1A demethylation tool (termed AI‐dm1A), which targets specific transcripts by combining the chemical proximity‐induction techniques with the CRISPR/dCas13b system and ALKBH3. We successfully employed AI‐dm1A to selectively demethylate the m1A modifications at A8422 of MALAT1 RNA, and this demethylation process could be reversed by removing ABA. Furthermore, we validated its demethylation function on various types of cellular RNAs including mRNA, rRNA and lncRNA. Additionally, we used AI‐dm1A to specifically demethylate m1A on ATP5D mRNA, which promoted ATP5D expression and enhanced the glycolysis activity of tumor cells. Conversely, by replacing the demethylase ALKBH3 with methyltransferase TRMT61A, we also developed a controllable m1A methylation tool, namely AI‐m1A. Finally, we caged ABA by 4,5‐dimethoxy‐2‐nitrobenzyl (DMNB) to achieve light‐inducible m1A methylation or demethylation on specific transcripts. Collectively, our m1A editing tool enables us to flexibly study how m1A modifications on specific transcript influence biological functions and phenotypes.
Self‐Sorting of Interfacial Compatibility in MOF‐Based Mixed Matrix Membranes
Authors: Qi Anheng , Li Conger , Evans Jack D. , Zhao Yingbo , Li Tao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMetal–organic framework (MOF)‐based mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) have shown great promises to overcome the performance upper limit of polymeric membranes for various gas separation processes. However, the gas separation properties of the MMMs largely depend on the MOF‐polymer interfacial compatibility which is a metric difficult to quantify. In most cases, whether a MOF filler and a polymer matrix make a good pair is not revealed until the gas transport experiments are performed. This is because there is a lack of characterization techniques to directly probe the MOF‐polymer interfacial compatibility. In this work, we demonstrate a self‐sorting method to rank the interface compatibility among several MOF‐polymer pairs. By mixing one MOF with two polymers in an MMM, the demixing of two polymers will form two polymer domains. The MOF particles will preferably partition into the “preferred” polymer domain due to their higher interfacial affinity. By scanning different polymer pairs, a rank of MOF‐polymer interfacial compatibility from high to low can be obtained. Moreover, based on this ranking, it was also found that a highly compatible MOF‐polymer pair suggested by this method also corresponds to a more predictable MMM gas separation performance.
Near‐Infrared Emission Beyond 900 nm from Stable Radicals in Nonconjugated Poly(diphenylmethane)
Authors: Zhang Ziteng , Xiong Zuping , Zhang Jianyu , Chu Bo , Liu Xiong , Tu Weihao , Wang Lei , Sun Jing Zhi , Zhang Chengjian , Zhang Haoke , Zhang Xinghong , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOrganic radicals with narrow energy gaps are highly sought‐after for the production of near‐infrared (NIR) fluorophores. However, the current repertoire of developed organic radicals is notably limited, facing challenges related to stability and low fluorescence efficiency. This study addresses these limitations by achieving stable radicals in nonconjugated poly(diphenylmethane) (PDPM). Notably, PDPM exhibits a well‐balanced structural flexibility and rigidity, resulting in a robust intra‐/inter‐chain through‐space conjugation (TSC). The stable radicals within PDPM, coupled with strong TSC, yield a remarkable full‐spectrum emission spanning from blue to NIR beyond 900 nm. This extensive tunability is achieved through careful adjustments of concentration and excitation wavelength. The findings highlight the efficacy of polymerization in stabilizing radicals and introduce a novel approach for developing nonconjugated NIR emitters based on triphenylmethane subunits.
Taylor Dispersion‐Induced Phase Separation for the Efficient Characterisation of Protein Condensate Formation
Authors: Norrild Rasmus K. , Mason Thomas O. , Boyens‐Thiele Lars , Ray Soumik , Mortensen Joachim B. , Fritsch Anatol W. , Iglesias‐Artola Juan M. , Klausen Louise K. , Stender Emil G. P. , Jensen Henrik , Buell Alexander K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBiomolecular condensates have emerged as important structures in cellular function and disease, and are thought to form through liquid‐liquid phase separation (LLPS). Thorough and efficient in vitro experiments are therefore needed to elucidate the driving forces of protein LLPS and the possibility to modulate it with drugs. Here we present Taylor dispersion‐induced phase separation (TDIPS), a method to robustly measure condensation phenomena using a commercially available microfluidic platform. It uses only nanoliters of sample, does not require extrinsic fluorescent labels, and is straightforward to implement. We demonstrate TDIPS by screening the phase behaviour of two proteins that form biomolecular condensates in vivo, PGL‐3 and Ddx4. Uniquely accessible to this method, we find an unexpected re‐entrant behaviour at very low ionic strength, where LLPS is inhibited for both proteins. TDIPS can also probe the reversibility of assemblies, which was shown for both α‐synuclein and for lysozyme, relevant for health and biotechnology, respectively. Finally, we highlight how effective inhibition concentrations and partitioning of LLPS‐modifying compounds can be screened highly efficiently.
Biomimetic Hydrogen‐Bonded G ⋅ C ⋅ G ⋅ C Quadruplex within a Tetraphenylethene‐Based Octacationic Spirobicycle in Water
Authors: Zhao Lingyu , Cheng Lin , Yang Yanxia , Wang Pingxia , Tian Ping , Yang Ting , Nian Hao , Cao Liping 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn biological systems, nucleotide quadruplexes (such as G‐quadruplexes) in DNA and RNA that are held together by multiple hydrogen bonds play a crucial functional role. The biomimetic formation of these hydrogen‐bonded quadruplexes captured by artificial systems in water poses a significant challenge but can offer valuable insights into these complex functional structures. Herein, we report the formation of biomimetic hydrogen‐bonded G ⋅ C ⋅ G ⋅ C quadruplex captured by a tetraphenylethene (TPE) based octacationic spirobicycle (1). The spirobicyclic compound possesses a three‐dimensional (3D) crossing dual‐cavity structure, which enables the encapsulation of four d(GpC) dinucleotide molecules, thereby realizing 1 : 4 host–guest complexation in water. The X‐ray structure reveals that four d(GpC) molecules further form a two‐layer G ⋅ C ⋅ G ⋅ C quadruplex with Watson–Crick hydrogen bonds, which are stabilized within the dual hydrophobic cavities of 1 through the cooperative non‐covalent interactions of hydrogen bonds, CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions, and hydrophobic effect. Due to the dynamically‐rotational propeller chirality of TPE units, 1 with adaptive chirality can further serve as a chiroptical sensor to exhibit opposite Cotton effects with mirror‐image CD spectra for the pH‐dependent hydrogen‐bonded assemblies of d(GpC) including the Watson–Crick G ⋅ C ⋅ G ⋅ C (pH 9.22) and Hoogsteen G ⋅ C+ ⋅ G ⋅ C+ (pH 5.74) quartets through the host–guest chirality transfer in water.
Tensile Strain‐Mediated Bimetallene Nanozyme for Enhanced Photothermal Tumor Catalytic Therapy
Authors: Wu Jiandong , Liu Qihui , Jiao Dongxu , Tian Bin , Wu Qiong , Chang Xin , Chu Hongyu , Jiang Shan , Yang Qi , Liu Tao , Zhang Yue , Zhang Wei , Fan Jinchang , Cui Xiaoqiang , Chen Fangfang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNanozymes have demonstrated significant potential in combating malignant tumor proliferation through catalytic therapy. However, the therapeutic effect is often limited by insufficient catalytic performance. In this study, we propose the utilization of strain engineering in metallenes to fully expose the active regions due to their ultrathin nature. Here, we present the first report on a novel tensile strain‐mediated local amorphous RhRu (la‐RhRu) bimetallene with exceptional intrinsic photothermal effect and photo‐enhanced multiple enzyme‐like activities. Through geometric phase analysis, electron diffraction profile, and X‐ray diffraction, it is revealed that crystalline‐amorphous heterophase boundaries can generate approximately 2 % tensile strain in the bimetallene. The ultrathin structure and in‐plane strain of the bimetallene induce an amplified strain effect. Both experimental and theoretical evidence support the notion that tensile strain promotes multiple enzyme‐like activities. Functioning as a tumor microenvironment (TME)‐responsive nanozyme, la‐RhRu exhibits remarkable therapeutic efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. This work highlights the tremendous potential of atomic‐scale tensile strain engineering strategy in enhancing tumor catalytic therapy.
Enantiopure Corral[4]BINOLs as Ultrastrong Receptors for Recognition and Differential Sensing of Steroids
Authors: Fu Rong , Li Dai‐Yuan , Tian Jia‐Hong , Lin Yi‐Lin , Zhao Qing‐Yu , Li Wen‐Li , Chen Fang‐Yuan , Guo Dong‐Sheng , Cai Kang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe precise recognition and sensing of steroids, a type of vital biomolecules, hold immense practical value across various domains. In this study, we introduced corral[4]BINOLs (C[4]BINOLs), a pair of enantiomeric conjugated deep‐cavity hosts, as novel synthetic receptors for binding steroids. Due to the strong hydrophobic effect of their deep nonpolar, chiral cavities, the two enantiomers of C[4]BINOLs demonstrated exceptionally high recognition affinities (up to 1012 M−1) for 16 important steroidal compounds as well as good enantioselectiviy (up to 15.5) in aqueous solutions, establishing them as the most potent known steroid receptors. Harnessing their ultrahigh affinity, remarkable enantioselectivity, and fluorescence emission properties, the two C[4]BINOL enantiomers were employed to compose a fluorescent sensor array which achieved discrimination and sensing of 16 structurally similar steroids at low concentrations.
Effects of photodegradation performance with PLA‐containing samples on double injection molding
Authors: Li Jiquan , Lin Yikai , Xie Jun , Jing Liting , Peng Xiang , Jiang Shaofei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe influence of different overlay layers (ABS, PC, and PLA) is investigated on the photodegradation behavior of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)‐containing samples in double injection molding, and PLA/PLA samples serve as the control group. In terms of microstructure, an analysis is conducted on the chemical structure, thermal performance, crystallinity, and molecular weight of the base layer of samples. The carbonyl index and molecular weight of the base layer of PLA/PLA samples decrease rapidly, and the trend of crystallinity change is also fast. Among them, the number of molecular chain scissions decreases to 0.61, and the crystallinity increases to a maximum of 17.93%, which indicates that the photodegradation degree of the base layer of PLA/PLA samples is greater than that of the other two samples. The microscopic surface morphology change of the base layer of three PLA‐containing samples is analyzed. The base layer of PLA/PLA samples becomes rougher after 600 h of UV degradation. Meanwhile, compared with other PLA‐containing samples, the percentage of tensile strength loss of PLA/PLA samples is higher, decreasing by 16.64%. In summary, using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polycarbonate (PC) materials as overlay layers for double injection molding can mitigate the photodegradation of the base layer of PLA‐containing samples in double injection molding.
Efficacy of plastinated specimens in anatomy education: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Goh Julian Shu Kai , Chandrasekaran Ramya , Sirasanagandla Srinivasa Rao , Acharyya Sanchalika , Mogali Sreenivasulu Reddy 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPlastination, a permanent preservation method for human tissues and organs, is increasingly being used in anatomy education. However, there is a paucity of systematic reviews and meta‐analyses summarizing the educational efficacy of plastinated specimens. This meta‐analysis compared the assessment scores of students exposed to plastinated specimens against those exposed to other common instructional methods. A systematic search was conducted through four databases, from 2000 to July 2022. Titles and abstracts of the retrieved records were screened according to predetermined eligibility criteria. Of the 159 records screened, 18 were subjected to full‐text review. Among the 18 studies, five articles reported post‐intervention test scores for intervention (plastinated) and control (other modalities) groups. Studies were subjected to GRADE quality assessment, and four studies with moderate to high ratings were included for meta‐analysis. Students' perceptions (n = 15 studies) were qualitatively analyzed using an inductive narrative analysis. No significant effect was detected between the intervention (n = 417) and control groups (n = 422) (standardized mean difference = 0.08; 95% CI [−0.36, 0.52]; p = 0.73). Four themes emerged from students' perceptions: ease of use, motivation to study, spatial understanding, and learning preference. Overall, student performance outcomes comparing the use of plastinated specimens versus other instructional modalities are very limited. This meta‐analysis suggests that knowledge gained from plastinated specimens is comparable to learning achieved through other modalities; though this outcome should be interpreted with caution as there is currently insufficient evidence for definitive conclusions.