bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell cycle–dependent chromatin loading of the Fanconi anemia core complex by FANCM/FAAP24
Authors: Kim Jung Min , Kee Younghoon , Gurtan Allan , D'Andrea Alan D. 
Published: January 2008

Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetic disease characterized by congenital abnormalities, bone marrow failure, and cancer susceptibility. A total of 13 FA proteins are involved in regulating genome surveillance and chromosomal stability. The FA core complex, consisting of 8 FA proteins (A/B/C/E/F/G/L/M), is essential for the monoubiquitination of FANCD2 and FANCI. FANCM is a human ortholog of the archaeal DNA repair protein Hef, and it contains a DEAH helicase and a nuclease domain. Here, we examined the effect of FANCM expression on the integrity and localization of the FA core complex. FANCM was exclusively localized to chromatin fractions and underwent cell cycle–dependent phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. FANCM-depleted HeLa cells had an intact FA core complex but were defective in chromatin localization of the complex. Moreover, depletion of the FANCM binding partner, FAAP24, disrupted the chromatin association of FANCM and destabilized FANCM, leading to defective recruitment of the FA core complex to chromatin. Our results suggest that FANCM is an anchor required for recruitment of the FA core complex to chromatin, and that the FANCM/FAAP24 interaction is essential for this chromatin-loading activity. Dysregulated loading of the FA core complex accounts, at least in part, for the characteristic cellular and developmental abnormalities in FA.
Elevated expressions of survivin and VEGF protein are strong independent predictors of survival in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Li Yu-Hong , Hu Chun-Fang , Shao Qiong , Huang Ma-Yan , Hou Jing-Hui , Xie Dan , Zeng Yi-Xin , Shao Jian-Yong 
Published: January 2008

Abstract

Background
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common malignancies in southern China. The China 1992 TNM staging system has been widely used for prognosis prediction of NPC patients in China. Although NPC patients can be classified according to their clinical stage in this system, their prognosis may vary significantly.

Method
280 cases of NPC with clinical follow-up data were collected and expressions of survivin and VEGF in tumor tissues were investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Apoptosis index (AI) in 100 cases of NPC was detected by the TUNEL method.

Results
Expression of survivin and VEGF were significantly associated with TNM stage, T-stage and metastasis of NPC. The patients with survivin and VEGF over-expression presented lower 5-year survival rate, as compared to those of low-expression (42.32% vs. 70.54%, 40.1% vs. 67.8%, respectively, P < 0.05), especially in advanced stage patients (36.51% vs. 73.41%, 35.03% vs. 65.22%, respectively, P < 0.05). The 5-year survival rate in NPC patients with survivin and VEGF dual over-expression was significantly lower than that of patients with dual low-expression (18.22% vs. 73.54%, respectively; P = 0.0003). Multivariate analysis indicated that both survivin and VEGF over-expression in NPC tumor tissues were strong independent factors of poor prognosis in NPC patients. The mean AI in the 39 survivin low-expression cases was 144.7 ± 39.9, which was significantly higher than that in 61 survivin over-expression cases (111.6 ± 39.8) (T test, P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Survivin and VEGF over-expression are independent prognostic factors for the patients with NPC. These results also suggest that tumor survivin and VEGF expressions are valuable prognostic markers for prognosis prediction in NPC patients.
Fibrinogen decreases cardiomyocyte contractility through an ICAM-1-dependent mechanism
Authors: Boyd John H , Chau Edmond H , Tokunanga Chiho , Bateman Ryon M , Haljan Greg , Davani Ehsan Y , Wang Yinjin , Walley Keith R 
Published: January 2008

Abstract
Introduction
Cardiomyocytes exposed to inflammatory processes express intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). We investigated whether fibrinogen and fibrinogen degradation products, including D-dimer, could alter cardiomyocyte contractile function through interaction with ICAM-1 found on inflamed cardiomyocytes.

Methods
In vivo, rats were injected with endotoxin to model systemic inflammation, whereas isolated rat cardiomyocytes were treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha to model the inflammatory environment seen following exposure to bacterial products such as lipopolysaccharide.

Results
In vivo, endotoxin administration profoundly decreased cardiac contractile function associated with a large increase in intracardiac ICAM-1 and perivascular fibrinogen. Confocal microscopy with double-staining of isolated rat cardiomyocytes demonstrated colocalization of ICAM-1 and fibrinogen. This interaction was disrupted through pre-treatment of the cells with an ICAM-1-blocking antibody. Functionally, isolated rat cardiomyocyte preparations exhibited decreased fractional shortening when incubated with fibrinogen, and through the use of synthetic peptides, we determined that residues 117–133 of the fibrinogen gamma chain are responsible for this interaction with ICAM-1. Despite having crosslinked gamma chains, D-dimer retained the ability to decrease cardiomyocyte contractility.

Conclusion
Site 117–133 of the fibrinogen gamma chain is able to depress cardiomyocyte contractility through binding ICAM-1.
High-resolution analysis of condition-specific regulatory modules in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Lee Hun-Goo , Lee Hyo-Soo , Jeon Sang-Hoon , Chung Tae-Hoon , Lim Young-Sung , Huh Won-Ki 
Published: January 2008

AbstractWe present an approach for identifying condition-specific regulatory modules by using separate units of gene expression profiles along with ChIP-chip and motif data from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. By investigating the unique and common features of the obtained condition-specific modules, we detected several important properties of transcriptional network reorganization. Our approach reveals the functionally distinct coregulated submodules embedded in a coexpressed gene module and provides an effective method for identifying various condition-specific regulatory events at high resolution.
Late-life depression and mortality: influence of gender and
antidepressant use
Authors: Ryan Joanne , Carriere Isabelle , Ritchie Karen , Stewart Robert , Toulemonde Gwladys , Dartigues Jean-François , Tzourio Christophe , Ancelin Marie-Laure 
Published: January 2008

BackgroundDepression may increase the risk of mortality among certain subgroups of
older people, but the part played by antidepressants in this association
has not been thoroughly explored.AimsTo identify the characteristics of older populations who are most at risk
of dying, as a function of depressive symptoms, gender and antidepressant
use.MethodAdjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the
association between depression and/or antidepressant use and 4-year
survival of 7363 community-dwelling elderly people. Major depressive
disorder was evaluated using a standardised psychiatric examination based
on DSM-IV criteria and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center
for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale.ResultsDepressed men using antidepressants had the greatest risk of dying, with
increasing depression severity corresponding to a higher hazard risk.
Among women, only severe depression in the absence of treatment was
significantly associated with mortality.ConclusionsThe association between depression and mortality is gender-dependent and
varies according to symptom load and antidepressant use.
Facial affect recognition in individuals at clinical high risk
for psychosis
Authors: Addington Jean , Penn David , Woods Scott W. , Addington Donald , Perkins Diana O. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryFacial affect discrimination and identification were assessed in 86 clinical
high-risk individuals and compared with 50 individuals with first-episode
psychosis, 53 with multiepisode schizophrenia and 55 non-psychiatric
controls. On the identification task the non-psychiatric controls performed
significantly better than all other groups, and on discrimination
significantly better than both patient groups. Deficits in facial affect
recognition appear to be present before the onset of psychosis and may be a
vulnerability marker.
Short-Term Neoadjuvant Androgen Deprivation Therapy and External-Beam Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer: Long-Term Results of RTOG 8610
Authors: Roach Mack , Bae Kyounghwa , Speight Joycelyn , Wolkov Harvey B. , Rubin Phillip , Lee R. Jeffrey , Lawton Colleen , Valicenti Richard , Grignon David , Pilepich Miljenko V. 
Published: January 2008

Purpose Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 8610 was the first phase III randomized trial to evaluate neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in combination with external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in men with locally advanced prostate cancer. This report summarizes long-term follow-up results. Materials and Methods Between 1987 and 1991, 456 assessable patients (median age, 70 years) were enrolled. Eligible patients had bulky (5 × 5 cm) tumors (T2-4) with or without pelvic lymph node involvement according to the 1988 American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM staging system. Patients received combined ADT that consisted of goserelin 3.6 mg every 4 weeks and flutamide 250 mg tid for 2 months before and concurrent with EBRT, or they received EBRT alone. Study end points included overall survival (OS), disease-specific mortality (DSM), distant metastasis (DM), disease-free survival (DFS), and biochemical failure (BF). Results Ten-year OS estimates (43% v 34%) and median survival times (8.7 v 7.3 years) favored ADT and EBRT, respectively; however, these differences did not reach statistical significance (P = .12). There was a statistically significant improvement in 10-year DSM (23% v 36%; P = .01), DM (35% v 47%; P = .006), DFS (11% v 3%; P < .0001), and BF (65% v 80%; P < .0001) with the addition of ADT, but no differences were observed in the risk of fatal cardiac events. Conclusion The addition of 4 months of ADT to EBRT appears to have a dramatic impact on clinically meaningful end points in men with locally advanced disease with no statistically significant impact on the risk of fatal cardiac events.
Effects of Simulated Blasting on Mortality of Rainbow Trout Eggs
Authors: Faulkner Sean G. , Welz Marek , Tonn William M. , Schmitt Douglas R. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBlasting in or near water can negatively affect fish. In Canada, there are maximum allowable limits for blasting‐induced overpressure (100 kPa) and peak particle velocity (PPV; 13 mm/s) to protect fish and their incubating eggs, respectively. No studies, however, have related PPVs from blasting to egg mortality. To address this information gap, we developed a laboratory blast simulation procedure for relating egg mortality to different levels of PPV exposure. Eggs of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss were subjected to PPVs of up to 245.4 mm/s during six sensitive developmental stages. Eggs also were exposed to a previously described drop height method, in which the final velocity of the eggs is used to estimate PPV exposure; we tested both the original out‐of‐water treatment and an in‐water drop height treatment. Using blast simulation, egg mortality increased at only one developmental stage and only from exposures greater than 132.3 mm/s. Mortality was greater when eggs were placed in spawning gravel versus free in containers, although mortality generally increased at the same PPV level for both treatments. In the drop height method, eggs held out of water were more sensitive to a given exposure level than were eggs held in water. The drop height method may not provide an accurate assessment of blasting‐induced PPVs, especially when eggs are out of water, but should be suitable for comparing the egg sensitivity of different species or development stages. Our controlled, laboratory‐based results indicate that the Canadian PPV guidelines provide ample protection for rainbow trout eggs within spawning beds.
The Law (and Politics) of Safe Injection Facilities in the United States
Authors: Beletsky Leo , Davis Corey S. , Anderson Evan , Burris Scott 
Published: January 2008

Safe injection facilities (SIFs) have shown promise in reducing harms and social costs associated with injection drug use. Favorable evaluations elsewhere have raised the issue of their implementation in the United States. Recognizing that laws shape health interventions targeting drug users, we analyzed the legal environment for publicly authorized SIFs in the United States. Although states and some municipalities have the power to authorize SIFs under state law, federal authorities could still interfere with these facilities under the Controlled Substances Act. A state- or locally-authorized SIF could proceed free of legal uncertainty only if federal authorities explicitly authorized it or decided not to interfere. Given legal uncertainty, and the similar experience with syringe exchange programs, we recommend a process of sustained health research, strategic advocacy, and political deliberation.
Smoking Cessation Rates in the United States: A Comparison of Young Adult and Older Smokers
Authors: Messer Karen , Trinidad Dennis R. , Al-Delaimy Wael K. , Pierce John P. 
Published: January 2008

Objectives. We compared smoking quit rates by age in a nationally representative sample to determine differences in cessation rates among younger and older adults. Methods. We used data on recent dependent smokers aged 18 to 64 years from the 2003 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey (n=31625). Results. Young adults (aged 18–24 years) were more likely than were older adults (aged 35–64 years) to report having seriously tried to quit (84% vs 66%, P<.01) and to have quit for 6 months or longer (8.5% vs 5.0%, P<.01). Among those who seriously tried to quit, a smoke-free home was associated with quitting for 6 months or longer (odds ratio [OR]=4.13; 95% confidence interval [CI]=3.25, 5.26). Compared with older smokers, young adults were more likely to have smoke-free homes (43% vs 30%, P<.01), were less likely to use pharmaceutical aids (9.8% vs 23.7%, P<.01), and smoked fewer cigarettes per day (13.2% vs 17.4%, P<.01). Conclusions. Young adults were more likely than were older adults to quit smoking successfully. This could be explained partly by young adults, more widespread interest in quitting, higher prevalence of smoke-free homes, and lower levels of dependence. High cessation rates among young adults may also reflect changing social norms.
Measuring the Performance of Telephone-Based Disease Surveillance Systems in Local Health Departments
Authors: Dausey David J. , Chandra Anita , Schaefer Agnes G. , Bahney Ben , Haviland Amelia , Zakowski Sarah , Lurie Nicole 
Published: January 2008

Objectives. We tested telephone-based disease surveillance systems in local health departments to identify system characteristics associated with consistent and timely responses to urgent case reports. Methods. We identified a stratified random sample of 74 health departments and conducted a series of unannounced tests of their telephone-based surveillance systems. We used regression analyses to identify system characteristics that predicted fast connection with an action officer (an appropriate public health professional). Results. Optimal performance in consistently connecting callers with an action officer in 30 minutes or less was achieved by 31% of participating health departments. Reaching a live person upon dialing, regardless of who that person was, was the strongest predictor of optimal performance both in being connected with an action officer and in consistency of connection times. Conclusions. Health departments can achieve optimal performance in consistently connecting a caller with an action officer in 30 minutes or less and may improve performance by using a telephone-based disease surveillance system in which the phone is answered by a live person at all times.
Understanding Aging and Disability Perspectives on Home Care: Uncovering Facts and Values in Public-Policy Narratives and Discourse
Authors: Clark Phillip G. 
Published: January 2008

ABSTRACTEvery public-policy problem can be defined in terms of its empirical (“facts”) and normative (“values”) dimensions and the interrelationship between them. An understanding of the connection between facts and values at the foundation of the home care policy debate in the Canadian health-care system is developed through the application of an analytical framework based on the concept of “narrative frame” analysis. The literature on home care policy reports and recommendations is examined within this conceptual structure – including especially publications and reports from the federal government, national organizations, and the aging and disability communities. Finally, observations and conclusions about the significance of home care policy discourse, and of the differences between the aging and disability constituencies in this debate, are offered as a guide for deconstructing the public-policy process.
The Missing Bi-racial Child in Hollywood
Authors: Angel Naomi 
Published: January 2008

Abstract: The growing interest in issues pertaining to “mixed-race” identities and communities, as well as a surge in films with “mixed-race” characters has prompted this examination of representations of “mixed-race” characters in film. The research consists of an analysis of selected films, including Guess Who's Coming to Dinner and Jungle Fever, and situates this analysis within a historical framework based on the particular context in which each film was set and/or made. The value in studying “mixed-race” representations in film lies in the reflection it provides of significant moments in “mixed-race” histories and in the portrayal of cultural imaginings of people of “mixed race.”
Neurturin regulates postnatal differentiation of parasympathetic pelvic ganglion neurons, initial axonal projections, and maintenance of terminal fields in male urogenital organs
Authors: Yan Hui , Keast Janet R. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractWe have investigated the development of autonomic nerves in the urogenital tract of male mice and the effect of neurturin gene deletion on this process. At birth, autonomic innervation of the reproductive organs was sparse, but urinary bladder smooth muscle was well innervated. Further innervation of reproductive tissues occurred until P21, but noradrenergic axons established their complete terminal field later than nitrergic cholinergic axons: in adults the former are more prevalent, yet this became apparent only at P7 (vas deferens, seminal vesicles), P14 (prostate) or after P14 (penis). Neurturin was essential for initial projection of axons (mucosa of vas deferens), maintenance of terminal fields (prostate and seminal vesicles), or both functions (cavernosum of penis). In contrast, some targets (e.g., bladder muscle and suburothelium, vas deferens smooth muscle) were unaffected by neurturin gene deletion. Pelvic ganglion neurons more than doubled between birth and adulthood, probably as aresult of continued maturation of p75‐positive undifferentiated neuronal precursors rather than cell division. The adult number of neurons was achieved by P7 (sympathetic) or P21 (parasympathetic). In adult neurturin knockout mice, there were ∼25% fewer parasympathetic neurons compared with wild types, because of failure of differentiation after P14. This study revealed the complexity of postnatal maturation of urogenital innervation, with each organ showing a distinct chronology of innervation and different requirement for neurturin. Our results also indicate that in adults there will be distinct differences in neurturin dependence between organs, such that proregenerative therapies may have to be tailored specifically for the nerve pathway of interest. J. Comp. Neurol. 507:1169–1183, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Two‐stage detection of partitioned random CDMA
Authors: Krzymien Lukasz , Truhachev Dmitri , Schlegel Christian , Burnashev Marat 
Published: January 2008

AbstractRandom Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) with low complexity two‐stage joint detection/decoding is considered. A sequence partitioning approach is used for modulation, where every spreading sequence is divided into M sections (partitions) which are interleaved prior to transmission. This setup, called partitioned CDMA, can be understood as a generalisation of (chip) interleave division multiple access (IDMA). An analysis of a low‐complexity iterative cancellation receiver is presented for arbitrary received power distributions. It is shown that for equal rate and equal power users the asymptotic performance of partitioned CDMA is equal to the performance of CDMA with optimal a posteriori probability (APP) detection for system loads K/N < 1.49. Effects of asynchronous signal transmission are quantified for standard pulse shaping filters and it is shown that the signal‐to‐noise ratios achievable in an asynchronous system are improved with respect to fully synchronous transmission. The effect of unequal received powers is examined and considerable gains in performance are obtained by judicious choices of power distributions. For certain power distribution, partitioned CDMA with iterative detection can achieve arbitrary system loads, that is detection is no longer fundamentally interference limited. The practical near‐far resistance of the proposed system is illustrated using an example of a receiver with a circular receive footprint and uniformly distributed transmitters (single cell system). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Celecoxib as an adjunct in the treatment of depressive or mixed episodes of bipolar disorder: a double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Nery Fabiano G. , Monkul Emel S. , Hatch John P. , Fonseca Manoela , Zunta‐Soares Giovana B. , Frey Benício N. , Bowden Charles L. , Soares Jair C. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether the cox‐2 inhibitor celecoxib has antidepressant effects in bipolar disorder (BD) patients during depressive or mixed phases.MethodsWe studied 28 DSM‐IV BD patients who were experiencing a depressive or mixed episode and were on a stable dose of a mood stabilizer or atypical antipsychotic medication. Subjects were randomized to receive 6 weeks of double‐blind placebo or celecoxib (400 mg/day) treatment. Current mood stabilizer or antipsychotic medication remained at the same doses during the trial.ResultsIntention‐to‐treat analysis showed that the patients receiving celecoxib had lower Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HamD) scores after 1 week of treatment compared to the patients receiving placebo, but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.09). The improvement in the first week of treatment was statistically significant when the analysis included only the subjects who completed the full 6‐week trial (p = 0.03). The two groups did not differ significantly on depressive or manic symptoms from the second week until the end of the trial. Celecoxib was well tolerated with the exception of two subjects who dropped out of the study due to rash.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that adjunctive treatment with celecoxib may produce a rapid‐onset antidepressant effect in BD patients experiencing depressive or mixed episodes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.