bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Context Matters: A Response to Autzen and Okasha’s Reply to Takacs and Bourrat
Authors: Takacs Peter , Bourrat Pierrick 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn a recent reply to Takacs and Bourrat’s article (Biol Philos 37:12, 2022), Autzen and Okasha (Biol Philos 37:37, 2022) question our characterization of the relationship between the geometric mean and arithmetic mean measures of fitness. We here take issue with the claim that our characterization falls prey to the mistakes they highlight. Briefly revisiting what Takacs and Bourrat (Biol Philos 37:12, 2022) accomplished reveals that the key issue of difference concerns cases of deterministic but nonconstant growth. Restricting focus to such cases shows that there is in fact no reason for disagreement.
The Path to Safety in Dental Anesthesia
Authors: Tom James , Thikkurissy S. , Agarwal Rita 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Sedation and anesthesia in dental office–based settings are specialty practices that have unfortunately been riddled with bad outcomes and near misses. Both healthcare professionals and the public usually receive information about these events from media reports and seldom from any other comprehensive sources. This review will identify potential sources of reliable data in which to guide practice and training.

Recent Findings
Recent investigations into the training of practitioners and auxiliaries, the dental office–based setting, and regulations governing dental sedation and dental anesthesia practice have highlighted a glaring lack of reliable data in which to pinpoint root causes and potential solutions.

Summary
The path forward to increased safety may exist in awareness of the issues and potential closed-claims analysis of outcomes. Because of the lack of systemic and ongoing data collection for mainly private practice and dental office–based sedation and anesthesia settings, insurance and closed-claims data investigations may be the most reliable source for current morbidity and mortality examinations.
Understanding and Improving Athlete Mental Health: A Social Identity Approach
Authors: Stevens Mark , Cruwys Tegan , Olive Lisa , Rice Simon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUnderstanding and positively influencing athlete mental health have become key goals for researchers and sporting stakeholders (e.g. coaches, support staff, clubs and governing bodies). In this article, we outline a novel perspective for tackling these challenges, drawing on an influential theory of group processes. This social identity approach can, we argue, help explain when and why the characteristics and demands of sport, which is typically a collective endeavour, pose a threat to athlete mental health and provide a guiding framework for efforts to protect and enhance athlete mental health. Here, we seek to illustrate the value of a social identity analysis of athlete mental health through three key points that speak to its analytical and practical value. Specifically, we propose: (1) that social identities can act as psychological resources that support athlete mental health, (2) that social identities are critical to athlete mental health during and after sporting transitions and (3) that leadership informed by a social identity approach can facilitate athlete mental health. With a view to maximising the value of our analysis both for those working with athletes and for researchers, we also identify practical steps that relevant stakeholders could take to support athlete mental health, and key avenues for future research to further test our propositions and advance understanding. Our analysis provides a new lens through which all those invested in understanding and supporting athlete mental health can approach these challenges, and a foundation for novel solutions.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in COVID-19 Treatments in the United States
Authors: Mozaffari Essy , Chandak Aastha , Amin Alpesh N. , Gottlieb Robert L. , Kalil Andre C. , Sarda Vishnudas , Berry Mark , Brown Gina , Okulicz Jason F. , Chima-Melton Chidinma 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Racial and ethnic disparities in patient outcomes following COVID-19 exist, in part, due to factors involving healthcare delivery. The aim of the study was to characterize disparities in the administration of evidence-based COVID-19 treatments among patients hospitalized for COVID-19.

Methods
Using a large, US hospital database, initiation of COVID-19 treatments was compared among patients hospitalized for COVID-19 between May 2020 and April 2022 according to patient race and ethnicity. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the effect of race and ethnicity on the likelihood of receiving COVID-19 treatments, stratified by baseline supplemental oxygen requirement.

Results
The identified population comprised 317,918 White, 76,715 Black, 9297 Asian, and 50,821 patients of other or unknown race. There were 329,940 non-Hispanic, 74,199 Hispanic, and 50,622 patients of unknown ethnicity. White patients were more likely to receive COVID-19 treatments, and specifically corticosteroids, compared to Black, Asian, and other patients (COVID-19 treatment: 87% vs. 81% vs. 85% vs. 84%, corticosteroids: 85% vs. 79% vs. 82% vs. 82%). After covariate adjustment, White patients were significantly more likely to receive COVID-19 treatments than Black patients across all levels of supplemental oxygen requirement. No clear trend in COVID-19 treatments according to ethnicity (Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic) was observed.

Conclusion
There were important racial disparities in inpatient COVID-19 treatment initiation, including the undertreatment of Black patients and overtreatment of White patients. Our new findings reveal the actual magnitude of this issue in routine clinical practice to clinicians, policymakers, and guideline developers. This is crucial to ensuring equitable and appropriate access to evidence-based therapies.
An experimental study of Lode angle impact on the rock failure procession based on acoustic emission
Authors: Yin Hong , Zhao Wanchun , Wang Tingting , Ranjith P. G. , Feng Chundi , Wang Wensong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe laws of acoustic emission (AE) before and during rock failure are different under different stress states. In this article, a new multi-functional true triaxial geophysical (TTG) apparatus was applied to analyze the AE law of sandstone under different stress paths. The results show that (1) with the increase of Lode angle, the tensile fractures in the sandstone increase initially, followed by a decrease. The number of AE decreases initially, followed by an increase, while the average energy of AE signal increases initially, followed by a decrease. (2) During the loading process, the IB values of rock can be divided into wave type, band type and mixed type, which represent crack propagation process driven by external force, self-driving and mixed driving. It can provide a basis for early warning of underground engineering construction disasters. (3) The variation characteristics of RA and AF in rock failure process show the corresponding relationship with IB value. The RA value corresponding to the IB value of band, wave and distribution type distribution mainly concentrated around 0.05, 0.03 and widely distributed, respectively. According to the value of RA, the types of cracks show different characteristics under different driving forces. (4) With the increase of Lode angle, the failure types of rocks change from single oblique fracture (− 30°) to double-X-type fracture (10°), and finally changes to single-X-type fracture when Lode angle is 30°. The fracture angle of rock decreases initially, followed by an increase with the increase of Lode angle. Therefore, it is important to explore the AE law of rock failure process under different stress states for the early warning of underground engineering construction disasters, and can provide a guidance for the application of human underground space.
Diet Composition and Feeding Habits of Fish Larvae of Five Species in the Burullus Lake, Egypt
Authors: Alzeny Ahmad , Abdel-Aziz Nagwa E. , El-Ghobashy Ahmad E. , El-Tohamy Wael S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFeeding habits of fish larvae were analysed in a comparative study of five species (Oreochromis niloticus, O. aureus, Tilapia zilli, Mugil cephalus and Liza ramada) from the Burullus Lake. We investigated the potential influence of larvae size on their feeding and looked for common patterns in larval prey preference. Gut contents of a total of 1068 larvae were examined. The feeding habits of the examined larvae shared some characteristics. As larvae of the five species grew, the preferred prey size and the number and diversity of prey in the gut increased. On the other hand, larval feeding also differed in several aspects, especially differences in the composition of preferred prey items. For Cichlidae larvae, the dominant prey was the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis followed by copepodite stages. For M. cephalus larvae, the copepods Paracalanus sp and Acartia sp were the most important diets, while for L. ramada, decapod larvae were the most important. The Mugilidae larvae consumed significantly larger prey than the cichlid larvae, which could be related to their morphology, especially the mouth size. Ivlev’s selectivity index calculated for larvae showed positive selection for particular prey. In all the species, copepods were the most selected, particularly for Mugillidae larvae, but for Cichlidae larvae, the rotifer Brachionus competed with copepods as a selected prey. This dietary study of fish larvae of these important species is essential for the development of fisheries and can be implemented in further related studies of other areas.
Potentials of emergent plant residue derived biochar to be alternative carbon-based phosphorus fertilizer by Fe(II)/Fe(III) magnetic modification
Authors: Xin Hongjuan , Yang Jiao , Lu Yuanyuan , Xiao Hekang , Wang Haitao , Eltohamy Kamel M. , Zhu Xueqi , Liu Chunlong , Fang Yunying , Ye Ye , Liang Xinqiang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEmergent plants have been remarkably effective in reducing phosphorus (P) discharge from ecological ditches; however, the treatment and recycling of these residues is a great challenge. In this study, magnetic biochars (MBs, i.e., MB-A, MB-C, and MB-T) were fabricated from three emergent plant residues (Acorus calamus L., Canna indica L., and Thalia dealbata Fraser, respectively) and modified with Fe(II)/Fe(III). Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction spectra confirmed the successful loading of Fe3O4 and FeO(OH) onto the surfaces of the MBs. Batch adsorption experiments showed that MBs exhibited a higher P adsorption capacity than that of the raw biochars. Within the range of 0.8–43.0 mg L−1 in solution, the adsorption capacities of P by MB-A, MB-C, and MB-T were 304.6–5658.8, 314.9–6845.6, and 292.8–5590.0 mg kg−1, with adsorption efficiencies of 95.2–32.9%, 98.4–39.8%, and 91.5–32.5%, respectively. The primary mechanisms that caused P to adsorb onto the MBs were inner-sphere complexation and electrostatic attraction. Low pH conditions were more beneficial for the P adsorption of the MBs, while co-existing anions had a negative impact with the following order: HCO3− > SO42− > Cl−≈NO3−. The P-31 nuclear magnetic resonance results further demonstrated that the main adsorbed P species on the MBs was orthophosphate, followed by orthophosphate monoesters and DNA. Overall, MBs offer a resource utilization strategy for emergent plant residues and P-laden MBs are promising alternative P fertilizers.
Graphical Abstract
Optimization of Cabin Mounting System for Tractor using a Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Kang Min-Woo , Han Hyun-Woo , Park Young-Jun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To analyze the behavior of a tractor cabin mounting system, a six-degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) simulation model was developed, and a genetic algorithm was integrated into the model to optimize the design variables of the cabin mounting system. The performance and characteristics of the optimized cabin-mounting system were analyzed.

Methods
Eigenvalue analysis was performed using the developed model. Rigid-body mode decoupling theory was applied to optimize the design variables, and the energy decoupling method (EDM) was used to evaluate the degree of rigid-body mode decoupling. The design variables were optimized using NSGA-II genetic algorithm. Optimizations for two cases (Case #1: optimizing the stiffness and position of the mounts; Case#2: optimizing only the stiffness of the mounts) were conducted.

Results
energy decoupling rate (EDR) for Case #1 increased from 66.73% to 87.65%. As the position constraints relaxed, the mounts tended to move upwards and were widely distributed widely. EDR for Case #2 increased from 66.73% to 84.41%. In both cases, the mount stiffness decreased.

Conclusions
The EDR of the cabin mounting system was significantly improved due to optimization, and the rigid body mode frequencies were optimized within the target range.
Behavior Change Potential of Classroom Behavior Management Mobile Applications: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mittiga Sharon R. , Freeman Nerelie C. , Leif Erin S. , Furlonger Brett E. , Pattison Ellen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAdvances in classroom behavior management mobile applications (CBM apps) have led some teachers to use them to supplement their existing student management strategies, although little is known about their effectiveness in facilitating behavior change. This systematic review aimed to identify and appraise research on the effectiveness of CBM apps for promoting positive behavioral and learning outcomes of elementary, middle, and high school students. A systematic search was conducted in the PsycINFO, ERIC, and EBSCOhost databases for articles published between 2007 and 2020. The 15 included studies provided some preliminary evidence for CBM apps. Apps were primarily used to facilitate the delivery of self-monitoring interventions (SCORE IT and I-Connect) or class-wide reinforcement systems (ClassDojo and the Classroom Behavior Management System). An evaluation of study quality using the What Works Clearinghouse design standards (version 5.0) yielded mixed results, with only 53% of the included studies meeting standards with or without reservations. In general, these studies showed limited risk of bias and moderate to strong effect sizes. Based on the findings of the review, we provide practice recommendations and describe areas for future research.
DkWRKY transcription factors enhance persimmon resistance to Colletotrichum horii by promoting lignin accumulation through DkCAD1 promotor interaction
Authors: Fan Hanyue , Shen Xiaoxia , Ding Yu , Li Yongkuan , Liu Shuyuan , Yang Yong , Ding Yuduan , Guan Changfei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPersimmon anthracnose, a severe disease caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Colletotrichum horii, poses a substantial threat to China’s persimmon industry. Previous research showed that ‘Kangbing Jianshi’ cultivar exhibits strong resistance to anthracnose. Notably, ‘Kangbing Jianshi’ branches exhibit greater lignification compared with the susceptible ‘Fuping Jianshi’ cultivar. In this study, higher lignin content was observed in ‘Kangbing Jianshi’ compared with ‘Fuping Jianshi’, and this difference was associated with disease resistance. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that the majority of differentially expressed genes and differentially accumulated metabolites were primarily enriched in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and lignin synthesis pathways. Furthermore, significant upregulation of DkCAD1, a pivotal gene involved in lignin metabolism, was observed in the resistant cultivar when inoculated with C. horii. Transient overexpression of DkCAD1 substantially increased lignin content and improved resistance to C. horii in a susceptible cultivar. Furthermore, through yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assays, we identified two WRKY transcription factors, DkWRKY8 and DkWRKY10, which interacts with the DkCAD1 promoter and induces its activity. Overexpression of DkWRKY8 and DkWRKY10 not only increased leaf lignin content but also enhanced persimmon tolerance to C. horii. Moreover, the expression levels of DkCAD1, DkWRKY8, and DkWRKY10 were significantly increased in response to salicylic acid and jasmonic acid in the resistant cultivar. These findings enhance our understanding of the molecular functions of DkWRKY8, DkWRKY10, and DkCAD1 in persimmons, as well as their involvement in molecular breeding processes in persimmons.
Factors Associated with Inappropriate Use of Antibiotics Among Animal Health Professionals in Selected Districts of Rwanda, 2021
Authors: Mugwaneza Denyse , Rwagasore Edson , El-Khatib Ziad , Dukuziyaturemye Pierre , Omolo Jared , Nsekuye Olivier , Rwunganira Samuel , Manzi Maximillian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Antibiotic resistance is a global health concern. Humans can acquire antibiotic resistance through human-to-human transmission, from the environment, via the food chain, and through the contact with animals. The National Action Plan on antimicrobial resistance 2020–2024 highlights the prudent use of antibiotics in veterinary activities as the key element in keeping antibiotics effective. We determined the factors associated with misuse of antibiotics among animal health professionals in Rwanda.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study that enrolled animal health field professionals from five districts, where stratified random sampling was used to select one district by each province of Rwanda. Structured questions were used during face-to-face interviews. The misuse of antibiotics was defined as the use of antibiotics for reasons other than treatment, the non-completion of required courses, or the use of a high dose (i.e., an overdose) of antibiotics. We collected socio-demographic data of respondents, as well as elementary knowledge and perceptions on veterinary antibiotics and antibiotic resistance. A backward stepwise logistic regression model was used to identify the factors that were predictive of the inappropriate use of antibiotics.

Results
There were 256 respondents to the survey. Of those, 198 were male and 58 were female. Almost three quarters of respondents (n = 174/256; 68%) reported the misuse of antibiotics at least once in the previous 12 months. The final logistic regression analysis identified the following factors to be predictive of antibiotics misuse: aged ≤ 24 years (aOR 0.92; 95% CI [0.88, 0.96]; p < 0.001); low trust in veterinary antibiotics available in the local market (aOR 8.45; 95% CI [4.18, 17.07]; p < 0.01), insufficient knowledge about basic understanding of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance (aOR 2.78; 95% CI [1.38, 5.58], p < 0.01) and not acquiring any continuing education (aOR 1.97; 95% CI [1.02, 4.19]; p = 0.04).

Conclusions
This study identified inadequate perceptions of proper antibiotic use among animal health professionals. There is a need for continuous education on appropriate antibiotic use among animal health professionals to lessen the negative impact of antibiotic resistance on public health security.
Gender-human security interface: critical perspectives with special reference to India
Authors: Lahiry Sujit 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe theme of ‘Human Security’ was first articulated by Mahbub-ul-Haq in the United Nations Development Programme’s Human Development Report in 1994. Freedom from fear and freedom from want are the two cardinal principles of human security. Human Security puts individual as the prime referral point in its exposition and analysis. Since, there is a lot of emphasis upon gender-specific discourses in the last three decades this article seeks to bring into limelight the critical perspectives of the interfaces between gender and human security, with special reference to India. This article raises some fundamental and pertinent questions. What impact does gender have on human security? What are the different dimensions of Human Security? To what extent we have been able to establish a gender-specific human security discourse in India? This article tries to answer all these substantive questions and establish a gendered-human security discourse in contemporary India.
Lateral Cutaneous Nerve Entrapment Syndrome (LACNES): A previously unrecognized cause of intractable flank pain
Authors: Maatman Robbert C. , Papen-Botterhuis Nicole E. , Scheltinga Marc R.M. , Roumen Rudi M.H. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background and aims
Chronic abdominal pain may occasionally be due to terminal endings of intercostal nerves (ACNES, abdominal cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome) that are entrapped in the abdominal wall. Spontaneous neuropathic flank pain may also be caused by involvement of branches of these intercostal nerves. Aim is to describe a series of patients with flank pain due to nerve entrapment and to increase awareness for an unknown condition coined Lateral Cutaneous Nerve Entrapment Syndrome (LACNES).

Methods
Patients possibly having LACNES (constant area of flank tenderness, small point of maximal pain with neuropathic characteristics, locoregional altered skin sensation) presenting between January 2007 and May 2016 received a diagnostic 5–10 mL 1% lidocaine injection. Pain levels were recorded using a numerical rating scale (0, no pain to 10, worst possible). A >50% pain reduction was defined as success. Long term effect of injections and alternative therapies were determined using a satisfaction scale (1, very satisfied, no pain - 5, pain worse).

Results
30 patients (21 women, median age 52, range 13-78) were diagnosed with LACNES. Pain following one injection dropped from 6.9 ± 1.4 to 2.4 ±1.9 (mean, p < 0.001) leading to an 83% immediate success rate. Repeated injection therapy was successful in 16 (pain free n = 7, pain acceptable, n = 9; median 42 months follow-up). The remaining 14 patients received (minimally invasive) surgery (n = 5) or other treatments (medication, manual therapy or pulsed radiofrequency, n = 9). Overall treatment satisfaction (scale 1 or 2) was attained in 79%.

Conclusions and implications
LACNES should be considered in patients with chronic flank pain. Injection therapy is long term effective in more than half of the population.