bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of aloe vera as a biocoagulant for turbidity, total dissolved solid (TDS), and iron (Fe) removal in well water
Authors: Febrianti N , Permana R N W , Ariani I K 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Well water contains several contaminant loads that need to be removed before use, such as turbidity, TDS, and Fe metal. One method of well water treatment is coagulation. Aloe vera has the potential to be an appropriate coagulant because it contains polygalacturonic acid, carboxyl groups (-COOH), and amide groups (-NH) that can help increase coagulation efficiency. The purpose of this study was to analyse the removal efficiency of turbidity, Fe metal and TDS using Aloe vera extract with HCl and H2O solutions. The coagulant doses used were 0.5 ml, 1.0 ml and 1.5 ml, fast stirring 120 rpm for 1 minute while slow stirring was carried out at 30 rpm for 10, 20 and 30 minutes. In the extraction of Aloe vera with HCl solution, the optimal dose and slow stirring time were obtained as 0.5 ml and 10 minutes for turbidity, 0.5 ml and 20 minutes for TDS and 1 ml and 10 minutes for Fe metal with efficiencies of about 96.99%, 8.05% and 70.85%, respectively. In H2O solution, the optimal dosage and slow stirring time were 0.5 ml and 10 min for turbidity and TDS with efficiencies of 91.76% and 3.09%, respectively. For Fe metal, the optimal dose and time were 1.5 mL and 20 minutes with removal efficiency of 6.39%.
Exploring neighborhood green space to mitigate UHI effect based on a spatial approach in Malang, Indonesia
Authors: Kusumadewi T , Surjono S , Leksono A S , Arif Y M 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUrban Heat Island (UHI) is detrimental to climate and ecological conditions. Combined with the UHI effect, this can result in high temperatures; overcrowding worsens UHI due to increased human activity, energy consumption, and waste heat production. This research aims to explore neighborhood green space potential as UHI mitigation. This research uses a spatial approach to explore the configuration of neighborhood and greenspace patterns for UHI mitigation efforts. The research took areas in Malang City. They were selected based on LST values from Sentinel 2 data in the extremely hot, very hot, and near normal categories according to STI (Standardized temperature index). Data collection was carried out using ArcGIS with a spatial approach. The results show a medium greenspace dispersion in the concentrated greenspace category has a potential effort to mitigate UHI. It should be noted that the high and low greenspace dispersion scattered and concentrated greenspace categories are not optimal in mitigating UHI. Future research can look for other factors that can influence UHI mitigation.
Herpetofauna diversity in Tengah Waterfall (Coban Tengah), Krajan, Pandensari village, Pujon district, Malang regency, Indonesia
Authors: Hanifa B F , Hasyim M A , Hasanuddin M A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Data on herpetofauna diversity in the East Java area is still very minimal, especially in the Malang area. Malang Regency has many rivers which can become herpetofauna habitat. One of the river flows in Malang Regency is the Coban Tengah flow which is in Pandesari Village, Pujon District, Malang Regency. This area has the potential for biodiversity, but there is still minimal exploration and there is no data on reptiles and amphibians. Diversity data collection is important as a first step in conservation efforts. The aim of this research is to determine the diversity of herpetofauna in Coban Tengah. This research uses the Visual Encounter Surveys (VES) method, namely by searching for specimens in a predetermined area and time. The species found are recorded. The data obtained were analyzed using the Shannon weaner diversity index, dominance index, and evenness index. The research data shows the Shannon Weaner diversity value (1.61), which indicates that diversity is moderate. There were 171 individuals found consisting of 10 species, namely Chalcorana chalconota, Odorrana hosii, Polypedates leucomystax, Leptobrachium hasseltii, Phrynoidis aspera, Microhyla achatina, Duttaphrynus melanostictus, Cyrtodactylus marmoratus, Elapoidis fusca, and Bronchocela jubata.
Pest-potential organisms on Begoniaceae collection of Eka Karya Bali Botanic Garden
Authors: Li’aini A S , Triwiratno A , Sari A R K , Wibawa I P A H , Kuswantoro F , Lugrayasa I N , Semarayani C I M , Kusuma R M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Begonia thrives in shady plantations but can tolerate more sun if the soil moisture is maintained. Therefore, the collection of begonia in Eka Karya Bali Botanic Gardens (BBG) is planted in a greenhouse. This increases the potential damage due to pest attacks. The purpose of this study was to identify the pest-potential organisms on begonia. The research was carried out in April–June 2019 at Begonia Park of BBG using survey methods to identify potential organisms and their damage symptoms. We found three species of insects that attack begonia collection, i.e. Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Aleurodicus destructor and Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), and two species of Gastropods namely Parmarion martensi (Gastropoda: Ariophantidae) and Bradybaena similaris (Gastropoda: Bradybaenidae). This result could be utilized as a reference to determine the pest-controlling technique on Begoniaceae.
The potential and prospects for the implementation of precision farming for soybean production in Indonesia
Authors: Harnowo D , Susanto G W A , Bayu M S Y I , Prayogo Y , Harsono A , Mejaya I M J 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Precision farming is a modern agricultural technology using various ITs. This technology is considered very potential to be applied for developing soybean production in Indonesia. This is because with the use of conventional technology it is difficult to achieve maximal productivity as expected, especially with the limited facilities and infrastructure. Based on research results, precision farming is able to increase productivity and farming efficiency, reduce negative impacts on the environment and increase farmer’s income so that it can support sustainable farming management. Precision farming is very prospective to be developed in Indonesia to increase soybean productivity and production to support the achievement of soybean self-sufficiency. Support for the implementation of precision farming has been provided by the government, the private sector, and also farmers. The success of implementation of precision farming is greatly influenced by the development of IT technology, especially those related to various aspects of soybean cultivation.
Comparative studies on chemically synthesized and biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles using Desmodium sp. and their potential as UV filters
Authors: Maryani F , Filailla E , Krismastuti FSH 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Plant-based synthesis of nanoparticles has been a great interest topic due to reducing the use of toxic materials and the presence of bioactive compounds. This study investigated the chemically synthesized and biosynthesized zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using Desmodium triquetrum leaf extract and their potential as UV filters. These ZnO were evaluated using FE-SEM, EDX, XRD, and FTIR. The in-vitro Sun Protector Factor (SPF) was determined using a spectrophotometer. SEM image revealed the flower shape morphology of biosynthesized ZnO and chemically synthesized ZnO with different particle sizes. The biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles exhibited smaller particle sizes than chemically synthesized ZnO. XRD analysis demonstrated that the average crystallite sizes of biosynthesized and chemically synthesized ZnO were 10.34 nm and 15.08 nm, respectively. The biosynthesized ZnO showed an SPF value of 25.12, indicating stronger UV protection ability than chemically synthesized ZnO (SPF=9.72) at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. These results indicate that the biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles could be a great candidate as a UV filter for further sunscreen formulations.
Effect of welding parameters on microstructure, mechanical properties and environment
Authors: Suprianto  , Hasmin N R , Karsono M F 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Welding methods are one of the promising methods to join similar or dissimilar materials. In particular, Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding is widely used in the field of industry. However, correct selected parameters and their effect on the environment are important factors in obtaining a good metal join. The aims of this study to investigate the role of the filler and heat treatment on mechanical properties of the similiar joint 6061 Aluminum, and also discuss the effect of this method on the enviroment based on literature review. Three different fillers consist of ER 4043, ER 4047, ER 5556 and artificial aging with temperatures of 125°C, 155°C, 185°C respectively were conducted using TIG welding. To investigate mechanical properties, the Vickers hardness, tensile test and also microstructure observations were carried out at room temperature. The result shows that the maximum hardness is 91.6 HV and the tensile strength is 180 MPa obtained by using filler ER 5556. On the other hand, artificial aging successfully enhances the mechanical properties of the 6061 aluminum welding.
Eco-friendly biopesticide of Beauveria bassiana to control sweet potato weevil Cylas formicarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Prayogo Y , Bayu M S Y I , Indiati S W , Sumartini  , Indriani F C , Ginting E , Susanto G W A , Harnowo D , Mejaya M J 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Cylas formicarius is a major pest of sweet potato in various countries, with yield losses reaching 100%. Control technology using chemical pesticides is not successful. This study aims to examine the efficacy of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana compared to chemical pesticides against C. formicarius, which was conducted in Lumajang Regency, East Java, from May to September 2021. The results showed that the highest tuber productivity occurred in innovative technology, reaching 43 t/ha with only 1% tuber damage. While the productivity of the existing technology is only 20 t/ha with a tuber damage rate of 21%. The advantages of innovative technology can also be seen in the abundance of both predatory an parasitoid insects. The application of B. bassiana to control the tuber borer at the base of the stem is safer for the survival of useful insects, especially predators, and parasitoids. In addition, the tubers obtained are more organic, so the selling price of these commodities is more expensive than conventional ones. The entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana has a great opportunity to be used as a potential biopesticide candidate to be developed as a technological innovation to replace the efficacy of chemical pesticides.
3D rooms map concept based augmented reality for green library
Authors: Bahtiar F S , Putra D D , Nugroho F , Rifqi A N , Hariyanto W 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Green libraries are an exciting topic for creating environmentally friendly buildings. Libraries are synonymous with book lending services and comfortable reading rooms. The green library concept will be in line with increasing the comfort of library visitors. Libraries with large buildings need room maps for visitors to find room information. This research aims to create a room map with the concept of Augmented Reality (AR). Room maps generally use 2D images that provide information or instructions for all rooms in a building. The Augmented Reality approach as a 3D-based room map will undoubtedly provide a different experience to library visitors. Creating an AR room map will apply the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) method. This method is suitable for application in multimedia product development. However, the resulting product is not only used as room map information but can also be used as a library promotional tool.
Preliminary study: Potency metal complexes with UV-active ligands as dye sensitizer in Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Setyawati H , Akhlus S , Murwani I K 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The use of metal complexes as a dye sensitizer in DSSC (Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells) provides many promising opportunities. Complex compounds with ligands that actively absorb UV rays have the potential to be applied in technology solar cells in areas rich in UV rays such as Indonesia. This research aim is to investigate the potential of several complex compounds with UV active ligands and apply them as dye sensitizer in DSSC. Ligand phenanthroline (phen), and morin will be synthesized with several transition metals. The synthesized metal complexes were characterized by spectrophotometer UV-VIS (for all metal complexes) and spectrophotometer FTIR (for morin complexes). The performance of metal complexes as dye sensitizer will be analyzed from the current and voltage obtained and in this research was limited to the phenanthroline complex compound because the research was still in the ongoing process. The highest current produced by [Ni(phen)3]2+ with 0.452 mA while the highest voltage produced by complex [Fe(phen)3]2+ with 711 mV.
Operation-driven modeling of depot charging stations for electric bus rapid transit (eBRT) power demand projection for the new capital city of Indonesia
Authors: Syamroni A W , Albachrony M A , Dinanta G P , Windaru A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The use of electric mobility (e-mobility) for urban eBRT is expanding globally as more carbon abatement backend technologies are put into practice. Supportive electric power build-up capacity and adequacy readiness infrastructure must be accurately prepared or reconfigured to accelerate the sector’s decarbonization pathway. However, due to the integration of new technologies, which has never been done before, the unavailability of historical data gathered from practical field data or artificially generated data is likely unavoidable. Meanwhile, using as-built data referring to other countries or common presumptions is becoming problematic due to the high possibility of mismatches and uncertainty variables of the diverse scenario, which could lead to oversights and, thus, investment misconduct. Therefore, we construct a model replicating operation-driven eBRT depot charging stations, which focuses on the uncertain domains related to the fleet’s attributes, lane destination, and recharging interval based on the predictive Monte Carlo model (PMCM) to generate time series charging demand required in the early stage of infrastructure expansion within the logical and scientific acceptance. The findings provide insights for all relevant actors, i.e., grid planners, stakeholders, and operators, emphasizing the evidence-based research for climate mitigation action toward Indonesia’s new capital city (INCC) 2045 target.
The intersection between knowledge, government support, and technological support in ecotourism entrepreneurship
Authors: Suwanan A F , Sayono J , Serino M N V , Nuraini F , Adi D L 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Students will be prepared to become a milestone in the progress of a country, one of which is by creating new jobs as a counter to the negative impact of AI and technological advances. The desire to become an ecotourism entrepreneur is one manifestation of this statement. This study analyses how the latent variables of procedures, formalities, difficulties opening a business; financial constraints; technological support; government support; and challenges in starting an ecotourism business affect the desire for ecotourism entrepreneurship. The research method is a quantitative descriptive approach through the SEM-PLS analysis technique. Data collection used a questionnaire with 51 questions distributed online through G-Form to 346 active student respondents throughout Indonesia. The results of the study show that the latent variables of procedures, formalities, and difficulties in opening a business; financial constraints; technological support; government support; and challenges that will be faced in starting an ecotourism business have a significant favourable influence on both directly and indirectly on the desire for student ecotourism entrepreneurship. The high desire to start ecotourism entrepreneurship is influenced by the support of green technology that can attract students’ attention. Student awareness of ecotourism continues to increase by committing to innovate to create fundamental business ideas.
GC-MS profile, total phenolic, and DPPH radical scavenging activity of Saurauia minahassae stembark ethyl acetate extract
Authors: Praptiwi  , Windadri F I , Sulistiarini D , Hafid L , Sahroni D , Surya D 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Several species of the genus Saurauia have been traditionally used as remedies. However, Saurauria minahassae, as an endemic plant, is still understudied. This study aims to reveal the total phenolics, GC-MS profile, and bioactivity as DPPH free radical scavengers of ethyl acetate extract of S.minahassae collected from Banggai Island, Indonesia. Determination of Total Phenolic Content (TPC) was conducted using the colorimetry method by spectrophotometer. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and TLC-bioautography performed analysis of secondary metabolites and qualitative DPPH free radical scavenging activity, respectively. GC-MS analysis was conducted to identify the chemical compounds of the extract. The extract’s IC50 value and Antioxidant activity index (AAI) were performed by serial microdilution method on the 96-microwell plate. The results showed that TPC was 432.33 mg GAE/g extract. TLC analysis revealed several metabolites, and TLC-bioautography also revealed several compounds active as DPPH free radical scavengers. The ethyl acetate extract of S. minahassae is categorized as a very strong DPPH free radical scavenger or potent antioxidant with an IC50 value of 3.29 ug/ml and AAI of 9.32. GC-MS profile of the ethyl acetate extract of S.minahassae stembark contained several compounds with antioxidant activity. The potential antioxidant activity of S. minahassae stembark extract was contributed by phenolic content and several compounds with antioxidant activity in the extract. This extract could be a good source of natural antioxidants, and S. minahassae sustainability as an endemic plant should be maintained.
Improvement of phycocyanin stability at different temperatures using microencapsulation by whey protein isolate
Authors: Tedjakusuma F , Widyaningrum D 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Phycocyanin is a blue pigment in cyanobacteria known for its antioxidant activity and can be applied as a natural food colorant. However, one drawback to applying phycocyanin in food products is their high-temperature instability. In this research, we investigated the effect of encapsulation of phycocyanin using whey protein isolate (WPI) as the wall material to improve high-temperature stability. The study also assessed the physiochemical properties of microencapsulated phycocyanin. Phycocyanin was extracted from dry biomass Spirulina using a cold maceration method. Then, phycocyanin extract was encapsulated with prepared emulsions containing 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.00% WPI as wall materials. The result showed all microencapsulated phycocyanin, regarding various concentrations of WPI, showed lower phycocyanin degradation at 60°C and 70°C at various heating times compared to control, suggesting higher stability. The control sample had 35.55±0.33% and 62.61±0.55% concentration degradation at 60°C and 70°C after 10 min heating. The microencapsulated phycocyanin with 0.50% WPI had 12.67±2.08% and 19.95±2.02% at 60°C and 70°C after 10 min heating. The encapsulation efficiency achieved 98-99% regarding various concentrations of WPI. There was no significant difference in solubility between the control and microencapsulated phycocyanin. Our result concluded that microencapsulation, using WPI as wall material, improved the high-temperature stability of phycocyanin.
Biological control of damping-off and plant growth promotion in soybean using Trichoderma virens
Authors: Yusnawan E , Uge E , Inayati A , Baliadi Y 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Rhizoctonia solani is soil borne pathogen that causes damping-off in legumes including soybean. To reduce disease infection of R. solani in soybean, seven isolates of Trichoderma virens were used as seed treatments. Soil was artificially infected using R. solani grown in organic media. Agronomic parameters and total phenolics were recorded at vegetative phase. Treatments with T. virens T.v6, T.v4, T.v7, and T.v3 showed lower disease incidence (22% to 34%) than that of the control (46%). T. virens T.v6 induced higher shoot and root length compared to plants grown in sterile soil. Phenolic in T. virens T.v7 treated plants showed the highest content (2.69 mg GAE/g) and the increase of this content was 13.7% compared to the control. Higher number of normal seedling growth and lower disease incidence than the control were observed in these treated plants. Another treatment with T. virens T.v6 showed lower amount of phenolic content (2.53 mg GAE/g) and lower increase of this content (7.2%) than those of T. virens T.v7 treated plants. However, the T. virens T.v6 treated plants performed higher normal seedling growth, lower disease incidence than the control. T. virens T.v6 and T.v7 were promising for plant growth promotion and biological control agents.
The effect of UV radiation on the frequency of crossing over in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Buroidah H , Agustin M , Choirunisa N , Maghfiroh H , Hayuana W , Najib M I , Setiawan D 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The increasing ozone layer depletion due to exposure to high environmental pollutants may contribute to the high probability of cells being exposed to UV radiation, causing various cellular responses, such as genomic instability. This study aimed to determine the effect of UV on the frequency of crossing over in a cross between the wild-type and the black vestigial strain of Drosophila melanogaster, using four variations of duration UV exposure as follows: 0’, 3’, 6’, and 9’. Recombinant progeny were calculated and analyzed using single-factor ANOVA. The results showed that: (1) The longer the duration of the UV exposure, the higher the percentage of recombinant progeny. (2) The body size of the D. melanogaster progeny exposed to UV light was more petite, and their movements were slower. (3) The single factor ANOVA showed that the length of UV had not affected the frequency of crossing over; but there was a phenomenon of crossing over, which has been showed that UV exposure made higher the percentage of recombinant progeny and affected to the body size of D. melanogaster. Therefore, further research is needed to examine the effect of UV radiation with longer periods of crossing over frequency and molecular analysis needs to be considered.