bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age dependence of T1 perfusion MRI‐based hemodynamic parameters in human kidneys
Authors: Dujardin Martine , Luypaert Rob , Sourbron Steven , Verbeelen Dierik , Stadnik Tadeusz , de Mey Johan 
Published: January 2009

AbstractPurposeTo determine the association between renal cortical perfusion parameters from T1‐DCE magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and age in human kidney.Materials and MethodsThirty‐five patients (mean age: 53 years, SD = 15 years) were imaged using inversion recovery (IR)‐prepared FLASH (pulse repitition time [TR] = 4.4 msec, echo time [TE] 2.2 msec, inversion time [TI] = 180 msec, FA 50°, matrix 128 × 256, 0.3 sec/slice) during the injection of Gadolinium‐DTPA. Tissue concentration–time courses were deconvolved. Renal blood flow (RBF), volume of distribution (RVD), and mean transit time (MTT) were derived from the resulting impulse response function.ResultsMean RBF, RVD, and MTT were 127 mL/min/100 mL (SD = 81 mL/min/100 mL), 40 mL/100 mL (SD 23 mL/100 mL), and 22 sec (SD = 9 sec). A significant moderately negative correlation was found between RBF and age (R= −0.447,P= 0.007), RVD and age (R= −0.420,P= 0.012). MTT and age did not show a significant correlation (R= 0.017,P= 0.924). Repeating this analysis for each gender revealed a moderate age dependence of RBF (R= −0.600 withP= 0.009) and RVD (R= −0.540 withP= 0.021) in the male group only.ConclusionT1‐DCE quantitative perfusion MRI was sufficiently sensitive to demonstrate a significant negative correlation of RBF and RVD with patient age. This was due to a moderate age dependence of these quantities in males that seems to be absent in females. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;29:398–403. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
No efficacy of silver bone cement in the prevention of methicillin‐sensitiveStaphylococcalinfections in a rabbit contaminated implant bed model
Authors: Moojen Dirk Jan F. , Vogely H. Charles , Fleer André , Verbout Abraham J. , Castelein René M. , Dhert Wouter J.A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractData from literature showed that a new type of metallic silver PMMA cement had good results in infection prophylaxis. This study investigated the in vivo efficacy of silver cement in the prevention of methicillin‐sensitiveStaphylococcalinfections, compared to plain and tobramycin‐containing cement. In 48 rabbits, 0.6% silver, 1% silver, plain, or tobramycin PMMA cement was injected into the femoral medullary canal after contamination with 105, 106, or 107colony forming units (CFU)Staphylococcus aureus. After 14 days, bone was collected for bacteriology and histopathology. All plain and silver cement rabbits were infected, whereas only two tobra rabbits were infected (p < 0.001). The number of bacteria cultured (10logCFU) from bone adjacent to the cement, was 6.4 ± 0.3 and 6.1 ± 0.3 for the 0.6% and 1% silver rabbits. For the rabbits with plain and tobra cement, this was 6.2 ± 0.2 (p > 0.95) and 0.0 ± 0.0 (p < 0.001), respectively. Two tobra rabbits had a positive culture of a distal bone sample. Histological sections of plain, 0.6%, and 1% silver rabbits all showed signs of infection; these signs were absent in the tobra rabbits. Silver and plain cement were not effective in preventing infection, whereas tobra cement was effective. As silver cement predominantly exhibits an antimicrobial effect at the direct cement surface, this cement seems less useful in situations where there are bacteria present in surrounding tissues, like revision surgery. Whether silver cement has relevance in the prevention of bacterial colonization of cement remains to be determined. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27: 1002–1007, 2009
Purification of flavonoids and triterpene saponins from the licorice extract using preparative HPLC under RP and HILIC mode
Authors: Zhang Hui , Guo Zhimou , Li Wei , Feng Jiatao , Xiao Yuansheng , Zhang Feifang , Xue Xingya , Liang Xinmiao 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA four‐channel preparative HPLC was employed to isolate and purify compounds from licorice extract. Two separation modes, RP and hydrophilic interaction LC (HILIC), were used in preparative HPLC. HILIC mode was adopted to resolve the purification of the compounds with similar hydrophobicity, which were co‐eluted under RP mode. Using the two separation modes during the purification process, fifteen compounds were isolated from licorice extract. The results indicated that preparative HPLC performed under HILIC mode is an efficient method for the isolation and purification of compounds from natural products.
The Surface Modification of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles by the Ring Opening Polymerization of γ‐Benzyl‐L‐glutamate N‐carboxyanhydride
Authors: Wei Junchao , Liu Aixue , Chen Lei , Zhang Peibiao , Chen Xuesi , Jing Xiabin 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe surface modification of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles by the ring opening polymerization (ROP) of γ‐benzyl‐L‐glutamate N‐carboxyanhydride (BLG‐NCA) was proposed to prepare the poly(γ‐benzyl‐L‐glutamate) (PBLG)‐grafted HA nanoparticles (PBLG‐g‐HA) for the first time. HA nanoparticles were firstly treated by 3‐aminopropylthriethoxysilane (APS) and then the terminal amino groups of the modified HA particles initiated the ROP of BLG‐NCA to obtain PBLG‐g‐HA. The process was monitored by XPS and FT‐IR. The surface grafting amounts of PBLG on HA ranging from 12.1 to 43.1% were characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that the ROP only underwent on the surface of HA nanoparticles without changing its bulk properties. The SEM measurement showed that the PBLG‐g‐HA hybrid could form an interpenetrating net structure in the self‐assembly process. The PBLG‐g‐HA hybrid could maintain higher colloid stability than the pure HA nanoparticles. The in vitro cell cultures suggested the cell adhesion ability of PBLG‐g‐HA was much higher than that of pure HA.magnified image
Poly(N‐hydroxyethylacrylamide) Prepared by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization as a Nonionic, Water‐Soluble, and Hydrolysis‐Resistant Polymer and/or Segment of Block Copolymer with a Well‐Defined Molecular Weight
Authors: Narumi Atsushi , Chen Yougen , Sone Masako , Fuchise Keita , Sakai Ryosuke , Satoh Toshifumi , Duan Qian , Kawaguchi Seigou , Kakuchi Toyoji 
Published: January 2009

AbstractN‐Hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) was polymerized using the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) with ethyl 2‐chloropropionate (ECP), copper(I) chloride (CuCl), and tris[2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine (Me6TREN) in ethanol/water, producing poly(N‐hydroxyethylacrylamide) (PHEAA) with well‐defined molecular weights. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that the obtained PHEAA broadly decomposed with a two‐stage weight loss. The first loss was due to the decomposition of the hydroxyethyl groups, which started at temperatures ranging from 249.2 to 277.1 °C. The remaining polyacrylamide backbones started to decompose at temperatures ranging from 352.5 to 383.4 °C. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) indicated that PHEAA had a glass transition temperature (Tg) ranging from 70.6 to 117.8 °C. The ability of the obtained PHEAA as a prepolymer to initiate other acrylamide derivatives is described. N,N‐Dimethylacrylamide (DMAA), N‐acyloylmorpholine (NAM), and N‐[3‐(dimethylamino)propyl]acrylamide (DMAPAA) were subsequently added to the solutions after the polymerization of HEAA with ECP/CuCl/Me6TREN, producing the corresponding block copolymers.magnified image
Droplet Tailoring Using Evaporative Inkjet Printing
Authors: Perelaer Jolke , Smith Patrick J. , Wijnen Mike M. P. , van den Bosch Erwin , Eckardt Rebecca , Ketelaars Peter H. J. M. , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAn experimental study into the in‐flight evaporation and impact of equally sized inkjet printed droplets that consist of a systematically varied polystyrene concentration in either toluene or butyl acetate is presented. At low polymer concentrations, a linear relationship that decreased was observed between dried droplet diameter and printing height. However, increased concentrations revealed an initial exponential decay in the dried droplet diameter, which stabilized at greater heights. At higher concentration and height, the polymer forms a skin on the surface of the inkjet printed droplet, which causes inhibition of the in‐flight evaporation of the solvent.magnified image
Thiyl Radical Generation in Thiol or Disulfide Containing Photosensitive Systems
Authors: Lalevée Jacques , Morlet‐Savary Fabrice , Roz Mohamad El , Allonas Xavier , Fouassier Jean Pierre 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe generation of thiyl radicals in various multicomponent photosensitive systems based on a ketone, a coumarin or a ketocoumarin and containing a thiol or a disulfide and eventually chloro bis‐imidazole has been studied through laser flash photolysis. A set of more than 70 new interaction rate constants is provided. The measurements of the quantum yields in sulfur radicals and the rate constants of the different processes in many combinations as well as the molecular orbital calculations allow to discuss the driving factors of the involved reactions. This approach should shed some light on the possible explanations of the high performance of some of these combinations when used as photoinitiating systems for radical photopolymerization reactions.magnified image
Silibinin protects OTA‐mediated TNF‐α release from perfused rat livers and isolated rat Kupffer cells
Authors: Al‐Anati Lauy , Essid Ebtisam , Reinehr Roland , Petzinger Ernst 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWe studied the inhibitory effect of silibinin on ochratoxin A (OTA) and LPS‐mediated tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α) release and the leakage of cytotoxic markers glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), from isolated blood‐free perfused rat livers, and from isolated pure rat Kupffer cells. In the recirculation perfusion model at the end point 90 min, 2.5 μmol/L OTA released 2600 pg/mL TNF‐α without effects on liver vitality. LPS at 0.1 μg/mL induced 3000 pg TNF‐α/mL with slight leakage of GLDH and LDH. Under similar experimental conditions, the addition of silibinin 10 min prior to OTA and LPS showed dose‐dependent protection against OTA or LPS‐induced hepatic TNF‐α release. High‐dose of silibinin (12.5 μg/mL) also completely restored GLDH and LDH levels in the perfusate. Pretreatment of isolated Kupffer cells with 0.02, 0.1, 0.5, 2.5, and 12.5 μg silibinin/mL 30 min prior to OTA reduced OTA‐induced TNF‐α levels to 90, 70, 25, 25, and 25% at 4 h, respectively, and abrogated any TNF‐α release at 24 h. Similarly, in the presence of silibinin LPS‐induced TNF‐α levels decreased at 4 h to 71, 57, 18, 22, and 18%, respectively. However, after 24 h of LPS exposition the protection by silibinin vanished and TNF‐α partially recurred into the incubation medium under LPS. In summary, silibinin had hepatoprotective effects against OTA‐ or LPS‐mediated TNF‐α release and also reduced the cytotoxicity of both toxins. Isolated Kupffer cells were even more sensitive to the protective effect than perfused livers and responded to very low concentrations of silibinin with a strong inhibition of toxins‐mediated TNF‐α release.
1.25‐Gb/s wireline and wireless data transmission in wavelength reusing WDM passive optical networks
Authors: Won Yong‐Yuk , Kwon Hyuk‐Choon , Hong Moon‐Ki , Han Sang‐Kook 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA new architecture for a wavelength‐reused wavelength division multiplexed‐passive optical network, which is simultaneously transmitting both a wireline data and a wireless one, is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The proposed scheme uses a Mach–Zehnder modulator in the central office and a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier in the optical network unit. The subcarrier multiplexing method is utilized to simultaneously generate a wireline data and a wireless one for a downlink transmission. A downlink light is reused to transmit an uplink data using a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier. A transmitted downlink data is suppressed due to the gain saturation effect of a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier in the optical network unit and it is possible to directly remodulate an uplink 1.25‐Gb/s baseband data. A 1.25‐Gb/s bidirectional error free transmission is accomplished after 20‐km optical transmission. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 627–629, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24118
Flat‐plate pentagonal monopole antenna for laptop wireless communication and mobile TV reception
Authors: Pazin Lev , Leviatan Yehuda 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAn improved novel printed wideband flat‐plate monopole antenna is presented. The proposed antenna consists of a pentagonal monopole embedded in a corner notch in the antenna ground plane part. Simulated and measured results of the input return loss for the proposed antenna are in good agreement. The antenna has been shown to operate satisfactorily in the 0.47–6 GHz frequency range, and is therefore very suitable for use as antenna for laptop applications including Wi‐Fi, WiMAX, and mobile TV reception. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 612–615, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24133
Low‐profile resonant cavity antenna based on an in‐phase metamaterial surface
Authors: Ge Yuehe , Esselle Karu P. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA partially reflective metamaterial surface is designed to have in‐phase reflection property for the purpose of reducing the height of resonant cavity antennas. Since the reflection phase of the in‐phase is close to 0° at the operating band, the cavity height, that is, the distance between the metamaterial surface and the PEC ground, can be reduced from half wavelength to about a quarter wavelength, without using an artificial magnetic conductor as the ground. An example antenna is designed, fabricated, and measured to demonstrate the concept. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 731–733, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24134
New microstrip low pass filter with transmission zero and wide stopband
Authors: Xiao Jian‐Kang , Chu Q.‐X. , Huang H.‐F. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractNew microstrip low pass filters with low insertion loss, ultra‐wide stopband and transmission zero are presented by using triangular patch resonator with fractal defection. With such defection and a certain parallel feed method, undesired responses and harmonics are effectively suppressed and wideband, sharp attenuation obtained. The new filter has simpler and more compact configurations even better filter properties than the traditional line based ones. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 830–831, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24138
Characterization of the polarization in the spun fibers
Authors: Cherbi L. , Azrar A. , Mehenni M. , Aksas R. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe polarization mode dispersion (PMD) is a difficult phenomenon to compensate in the optical fiber. Its reduction can be achieved by the spinning process that provokes the rotation of the birefringence axes of the fiber inciting a coupling of its modes that is controlled at the time of its manufacture. In this work, the Jones Matrix Eigen‐Analysis method (JME) is used to characterize the spun fibers to evaluate their PMD and to prove that it is distinctly lower than the standards fibers PMD. Furthermore, the differential group delays (DGD) of spun fibers is determined using the photon counting optical time‐domain reflectometry (C‐OTDR) method. The obtained results are compared with those found in the JME method. It is noted that the two methods yield practically identical values. The determination of the beat length and the spin period of spun fibers is carried out using the polarization‐sensitive optical frequency‐domain reflectometer (POFDR). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 725–731, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24143
Fast modeling using FDTD method and wave front inverse method for multisensor GPR simulations in the time domain
Authors: Neyrat Mathieu , Guiffaut Christophe , Reineix Alain , Reynaud François 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis article deals with a fast numerical method for GPR simulation of great scenes. Electromagnetic wave propagation in heterogeneous media is analyzed using a finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD)‐based method. The use of a moving subdomain allows dealing with large scale and realistic B‐scan or C‐scan in a reasonable computational time. A simple and fast inversion method based on a coherent superposition of signal phases will also be exposed. The performances of this method for the localization and shape recovering of various buried objects will be pointed out. This process is very easy to implement and also has the advantage to be used for monostatic or multisensor radar records. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 796–802, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24153
Linearity‐optimized class‐E Doherty amplifier based on GaN HEMT
Authors: Lee Yong‐Sub , Lee Mun‐Woo , Jeong Yoon‐Ha 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn this article, we report the linearity improvement of the GaN HEMT class‐E Doherty power amplifier (CEDA). For the linearity improvement, not only the gate biases but also the matching circuits of the carrier and peaking cells are optimally controlled at a pout of 38 dBm, which is a 7‐dB back‐off power. For a two‐tone signal with 1‐MHz tone spacing, the IMD3 of‐58 dBc is achieved with a power‐added efficiency (PAE) of 45.4%. For a one‐carrier WCDMA signal, the PAE of 46.7% is obtained with an ACLR of‐32.9 dBc. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 763–766, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24154
Investigation on the use of high‐permittivity substrate in stacked patch antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide
Authors: Chen Yih‐Chien , Tsai Jian‐Min 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn this article, the measurement results for the use of high‐permittivity material in stacked patch antenna, with coplanar waveguide feed line at 2.5 GHz, have been presented. With this technique, a 13% bandwidth (return loss < −10 dB) of center frequency at 2.5 GHz has been successfully achieved. The copolarization radiation is strongest at θ ≅ 0° from the broadside both in the xz‐ and yz‐ planes. The antenna has a 3 dB beam angle of about 110° and 85° in the xz‐ and yz‐ planes, respectively. Peak antenna gain is about 4.9 dBi, and the gain is >2.0 dBi for frequencies within in the −10 dB S11bandwidth. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 715–717, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24157
Fractal‐shaped microstrip dual‐mode bandpass filter with asymmetrical sinuous spurlines
Authors: Tong Fu , Liu Haiwen 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn this article, miniaturized dual‐mode bandpass filters using Koch fractal‐shaped slots and sinuous spurlines are proposed. Because of the space‐filling property of the fractal geometry, the transmission characteristics of this filter can be adjusted by the iteration order of the Koch fractal curve. Moreover, asymmetrical sinuous spurlines are adopted to tune the degenerate modes. Compared with the conventional square‐patch filters, fractal slots and sinuous spurlines can also provide more current distribution distortions which improve the electrical length and realize a compact design. Experimental data in agreement with theoretical data verify the design methodology. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 745–747, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24167
A quasi‐elliptic wideband bandpass filter using a novel multiple‐mode resonator constructed by an asymmetric compact microstrip resonant cell
Authors: Li Lin , Li Zheng‐Fan , Wei Qi‐Fu 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis article proposes a novel wideband bandpass filter using a novel microstrip multiple‐mode resonator (MMR). This MMR is composed of a section of open‐ended microstrip‐line and an asymmetric compact microstrip resonant cell (ACMRC) connected to the open‐ended microstrip‐line section at its central point. Its three resonant modes are employed in this article to construct the wider passband of the proposed filter. In addition, multiple transmission zeros brought by the ACMRC will help to create a quasi‐elliptic response and extend the stopband. Finally, a demonstration filter is designed, fabricated and tested to show the validity of the proposed structure. Both simulated and measured results show that the proposed filter has a good performance. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 713–714, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24168
Overall size antenna reduction using fractal elements
Authors: de Oliveira E. E. C. , da F. Silva P. H. , Campos A. L. P. S. , da Silva Sandro Gonçalves 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis article presents a proposal for microstrip patch antennas miniaturization using Koch curve fractal contours. The antennas were designed using the Ansoft DesignTMsoftware and several prototypes were built. All the build antennas obtained return loss lower than −30 dB at the resonant frequencies. The use of inset‐fed technique effectively allows an excellent impedance matching of the fractal antennas using a recessed microstrip‐line feed. With the use of appropriated fractal iteration factors, the proposed Koch fractal patch antennas are 39% smaller in size than a conventional rectangular inset‐fed patch. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 671–675, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24171
Fully embedded lumped LC‐quadrature hybrid coupler into organic packaging substrate for power sampling
Authors: Lee Yi Jae , Park Jae Yeong 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn this article, fully embedded lumped LC‐quadrature hybrid coupler are designed, fabricated, and characterized into multilayered organic packaging substrate. This embedded device comprised high Q MIM capacitors and circular spiral stacked inductors. For realizing fully embedded high Q capacitor, barium titanate (BaTiO3) composite high dielectric film was utilized. The measured return loss and isolation were better than 25 dB. Measured insertion loss was about 0.38–0.42 dB at the frequencies ranged from 824 to 894 MHz. The coupler exhibited a coupling loss of 23.3–24 dB. The phase error between through and coupling ports was 1.2°–2.4°. It has a size of 2.8 mm ×2.95 mm ×0.77 mm (height), which is the smallest one in the couplers developed onto the packaging substrate. The measured performance characteristics were also well matched with the 3D EM simulated ones. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 845–848, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24173
Electromagnetic wave absorption by H2O‐filled SiO2 shell microcapsule‐dispersed paraffin matrix composites
Authors: Matsumura K. , Kagawa Y. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractElectromagnetic wave absorption of H2O‐filled SiO2 shell microcapsule‐dispersed paraffin matrix composites has been examined in a frequency range from 18 to 30 GHz. The composites showed electromagnetic wave absorption potential, and the electromagnetic wave absorption can be controlled by a volume fraction of liquid state H2O in the composite. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 770–772, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24175