bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dose‐dependent differential upregulation of CCN1/Cyr61 and CCN3/NOV by the gap junction protein Connexin43 in glioma cells
Authors: Sin Wun Chey , Bechberger John F. , Rushlow Walter J. , Naus Christian C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractGap junctions form channels that allow exchange of materials between cells and are composed of transmembrane protein subunits called connexins. While connexins are believed to mediate cellular signaling by permitting intercellular communication to occur, there is also increasing evidence that suggest connexins may mediate growth control via a junction‐independent mechanism. Connexin43 (Cx43) is the most abundant gap junction protein found in astrocytes, and gliomas exhibit reduced Cx43 expression. We have previously observed that restoration of Cx43 levels in glioma cells led to increased expression of CCN3 (NOV) proteins. We now report that overexpression of Cx43 in C6‐glioma cells (C6‐Cx43) also upregulates the expression of CCN1 (Cyr61). Both CCN1 and CCN3 belong to the Cyr61/Connective tissue growth factor/Nephroblastoma‐overexpressed (CCN) family of secretory proteins. The CCN proteins are tightly associated with the extracellular matrix and have important roles in cell proliferation and migration. CCN1 promotes growth in glioma cells, as shown by the increased proliferation rate of CCN1‐overexpressing C6 cells. In addition to its effect on cell growth, CCN1 also increased the motility of glioma cells in the presence of extracellular substrates such as fibronectin. Gliomas expressing high levels of Cx43 preferentially upregulated CCN3 which resulted in reduced growth rate. CCN3 could also be observed in Cx43 gap junction plaques in confluent C6‐Cx43H culture at the stationary phase of their growth. Our results suggest that the dissimilar growth characteristics between high and low Cx43 expressors may be due to differential regulation of CCN3 by varying levels of Cx43. J. Cell. Biochem. 103: 1772–1782, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
N‐linked glycosylation of the liver cancer biomarker GP73
Authors: Norton Pamela A. , Comunale Mary Ann , Krakover Jonathan , Rodemich Lucy , Pirog Natalie , D'Amelio Anthony , Philip Ramila , Mehta Anand S. , Block Timothy M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe association between elevated circulating levels of GP73 (and fucosylated GP73 in particular) and hepatocellular carcinoma suggests that a thorough analysis of the extent of GP73 glycosylation is warranted. Detailed analysis of the glycosylation patterns of such low abundance proteins are hampered by technical difficulties. Using conventional lectin affinity chromatography, we have established that three quarters of the GP73 secreted from a cell line derived from HCC is fucosylated. Using mass spectrometry, we have established that at least two of three potential sites of N‐linked glycosylation are occupied on most molecules of GP73 secreted from cultured hepatoma cells. Furthermore, the oligosaccharides added to recombinant GP73 resemble those present in the bulk of secreted protein, mostly bi‐antennary with core fucose, with a smaller fraction of tri‐ and tetra‐antennary structures. The frequency of fucosylation observed on the recombinant protein agrees well with the pattern of lectin binding of the endogenous secreted protein. Finally, we have developed a method to interrogate the glycans added to either the near full length protein or at a particular sequon, providing proof of concept that a small peptide embedded in a heterologous context can preserve both fucosylation and a high level of branching of oligosaccharides added. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 136–149, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regulation of apoptosis by modified naringenin derivatives in human colorectal carcinoma RKO cells
Authors: Lee Eung‐Ryoung , Kang Yong‐Jin , Kim Hyun‐Jeong , Choi Hye‐Yeon , Kang Geun‐Ho , Kim Jung‐Hyun , Kim Bong‐Woo , Jeong Hyo‐Soon , Park Yong‐Sun , Cho Ssang‐Goo 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFlavonoids are micronutrients that are widely detected in foods of plant origin and have been ascribed pharmacological properties. Several biological functions of flavonoids have been thus far identified, whereas there currently exists a lack of evidence to support the relationship between the structure‐activity relationship and apoptosis‐inducing activity. In an attempt to determine the importance of the OH group or substitution of the 5‐ or 7‐carbon in the diphenylpropane skeleton of flavonoids, we selected 14 different flavonoids with different structures, particularly with regard to the 5‐ or 7‐carbon, and found that naringenin treatment caused a slight decrease in the cell viability of the human colorectal carcinoma RKO cells. Next, in order to characterize the effects of specific substitutions of the 7‐carbon of naringenin on apoptosis‐regulatory activities, and in an attempt to develop anti‐proliferative flavonoid derivatives that would be more effective against colon cancer, we originally synthesized several modified naringenin derivatives (MNDs) including 7‐O‐benzyl naringenin (KUF‐1) and 7‐O‐(m‐metoxybenzyl) naringenin (KUF‐2). Treatment with KUF‐1 or KUF‐2 resulted in significant apoptosis‐inducing effects concomitant with losses in mitochondrial membrane potential, caspase activation, intracellular ROS production, and sustained ERK activation. Our data show that KUF‐1 or KUF‐2 regulate the apoptosis of RKO cells via intracellular ROS production coupled with the concomitant activation of the ERK signaling pathway, thereby implying that hydroxylation or substitution at C7 is critical for the apoptosis‐inducing activity of flavonoids. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 259–273, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of growth hormone on in vitro osteogenesis and gene expression of human osteoblastic cells is donor‐age‐dependent
Authors: Crippa Grasiele E. , Beloti Marcio M. , Cardoso Cristina R. , Silva João S. , Rosa Adalberto L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIt has been demonstrated that the effect of GH on bone tissue is reduced with aging. In this study we tested the hypothesis that the action of GH on osteoblastic cells is donor‐age‐dependent by investigating the effect of GH on the development of osteoblastic phenotype in cultures of cells from adolescents (13–16 years old), young adults (18–35 years old), and adults (36–49 years old). Osteoblastic cells derived from human alveolar bone were cultured with or without GH for periods of up to 21 days, and parameters of in vitro osteogenesis and gene expression of osteoblastic markers were evaluated. GH increased culture growth, collagen content and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in cultures from adolescents and young adults, whereas non‐significant effect was observed in cultures from adults. While GH significantly increased the bone‐like formation in cultures from adolescents, a slightly effect was observed in cultures from young adults and no alteration was detected in cultures from adults. Results from real‐time PCR demonstrated that GH upregulated ALP, osteocalcin, type I collagen, and Cbfa1 mRNA levels in cultures from adolescents. In addition, cultures from young adults showed higher ALP mRNA expression and the expression of all evaluated genes was not affected by GH in cultures from adults. These results indicate that the GH effect on both in vitro osteogenesis and gene expression of osteoblastic markers is donor‐age‐dependent, being more pronounced on cultures from adolescents. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 369–376, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Radiosonde temperature trends and their uncertainties over eastern China
Authors: Guo Yanjun , Thorne Peter. W. , McCarthy Mark P. , Titchner Holly A. , Huang Binxun , Zhai Panmao , Ding Yihui 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTrends and uncertainty in radiosonde temperature records for six sample stations in eastern China are assessed. Results from a complex approach using metadata and a two‐phase regression (M‐TPR) to capture known and unknown metadata events respectively are compared with an ensemble of possible solutions generated by the Met Office automated homogenization system (QUARC). Independent satellite records from the Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) record are used to validate breakpoints over the satellite era.Differences in the treatment of metadata and the strictness of the statistical breakpoint detection methods used lead to relatively poor agreement in breakpoint identification. Agreement in long‐term (1958–2003) trends in the homogenized data was found to result from a fortuitous cancellation of large differences in the pre‐ and post‐satellite era trends between the two approaches.A consideration of independent MSU satellite data lends some credence to the presence and calculated magnitude of many of the assigned breakpoints that were not associated with recorded metadata events, in the later part of the record. However, it also highlights that neither of the approaches is likely to be perfect at identifying breaks. Improved metadata are likely to prove vital in confirming the presence of these breaks and hence the veracity of the various homogenization approaches to data for eastern China. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society
The patella ligament insertion angle influences quadriceps usage during walking of anterior cruciate ligament deficient patients
Authors: Shin Choongsoo S. , Chaudhari Ajit M. , Dyrby Chris O. , Andriacchi Thomas P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFollowing ACL injury a reduction in the peak knee flexion moment during walking (thought to be created by a decrease of quadriceps contraction) has been described as an adaptation to reduce anterior tibial translation (ATT) relative to the femur. However, the amount of ATT caused by quadriceps contraction is influenced by the patellar ligament insertion angle (PLIA). The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that quadriceps usage during walking correlates to individual anatomical variations in the extensor mechanism as defined by PLIA. PLIA and gait were measured for ACL‐deficient knees, using subjects' contralateral knees as controls. In ACL‐deficient knees, PLIA was negatively correlated (R2 = 0.59) to peak knee flexion moment (balanced by net quadriceps moment), while no correlation was found in contralateral knees. Reduction in peak flexion moment in ACL‐deficient knees compared to their contralateral knees was distinctive in subjects with large PLIA, possibly to avoid excessive ATT. These results suggest that subject‐specific anatomic variability of knee extensor mechanism may account for the individual variability previously observed in adaptation to a quadriceps reduction strategy following ACL injury. The average (±1 SD) PLIA of ACL‐deficient knees (21.1 ± 3.4°) was less than the average PLIA of contralateral knees (23.9 ± 3.1°). This altered equilibrium position of the tibiofemoral joint associated with reduced PLIA and adaptations of gait patterns following ACL injury may be associated with degenerative changes in the articular cartilage. In the future, individually tailored treatment and rehabilitation considering individuals' specific extensor anatomy may improve clinical outcomes. © 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 25:1643–1650, 2007
Adsorption of 4,4′‐thiobisbenzenethiol on silver surfaces: surface‐enhanced Raman scattering study
Authors: Wang Yuling , Chen Hongjun , Dong Shaojun , Wang Erkang 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAdsorption of 4,4′‐thiobisbenzenethiol (4,4′‐TBBT) on a colloidal silver surface and a roughened silver electrode surface was investigated by means of surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for the first time, which indicates that 4,4′‐TBBT is chemisorbed on the colloidal silver surface as dithiolates by losing two H‐atoms of the SH bond, while as monothiolates on the roughened silver electrode. The different orientations of the molecules on both silver surfaces indicate the different adsorption behaviors of 4,4′‐TBBT in the two systems. It is inferred from the SERS signal that the two aromatic rings in 4,4′‐TBBT molecule are parallel to the colloidal silver surface as seen from the disappearance of νCH band (3054 cm−1), which is a vibrational mode to be used to determine the orientation of a molecule on metals according to the surface selection rule, while on the roughened silver electrode surface they are tilted to the surface as seen from the enhanced signal of νCH. The orientation of the C‐S bond is tilted with respect to the silver surface in both cases as inferred from the strong enhancement of the νCS. SERS spectra of 4,4′‐TBBT on the roughened silver electrode with different applied potentials reveal that the enhancement of 4,4′‐TBBT on the roughened silver electrode surface may be related to the chemical mechanism (CM). More importantly, the adsorption of 4,4′‐TBBT on the silver electrode is expected to be useful to covalently adsorb metal nanoparticles through the free SH bond to form two‐ or three‐ dimensional nanostructures. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MREI‐model calculations of Raman‐active modes in layered mixed crystals TiS2−xSex(0≤x≤2)
Authors: Chanchal  , Garg A. K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA modified random‐element isodisplacement model has been developed and used to calculate the concentration dependence of the wavenumbers of Raman‐active modes in mixed crystal system, TiS2−xSex(0≤x≤2). Earlier theoretical work, based on the Jaswal model, predicted a phase transition in this system on cooling up to 125 K temperature for the composition x ≥ 1.2. But recently reported resistivity measurements did not find the existence of any phase transition for a composition x < 1.4 on cooling. Our calculations show these findings and give remarkably better fitting to Raman data. The estimated values of the force constants are found to lie generally in the range 105–106 amu cm−2. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A rapid, non‐destructive method of detecting diagenetic alteration in fossil bone using Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Thomas Daniel B. , Fordyce R. Ewan , Frew Russell D. , Gordon Keith C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBiogenic isotopes of analytical interest may be stripped from bone during burial, reducing the utility of fossil specimens for paleobiological and paleoenvironmental reconstruction. Denudation of the bone lattice coupled with the addition of exotic ions can influence the Raman spectra of fossil bone. Modern bone samples (n = 43) were used to establish an unaltered bone standard, and a suite of synthetic apatite samples were produced to simulate the addition of various ions into the bone mineral lattice. Diagenetic alteration produces distinct spectral characters, providing qualifications for major ionic substitution, ionic heterogeneity, the abundance of structural carbonate, the presence of calcium carbonate and the presence of luminescent ions. Spectral indicators (proxies) provide the means of rapidly and nondestructively evaluating the degree of alteration and thus the analytical utility of fossil bones, potentially avoiding exhaustive and destructive analysis on finite material. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improved thermal stability of perfluoropolyalkylethers (PFPAEs)
Authors: Howell Jon L. , Friesen Chadron M. , Shtarov Alexander B. , Thrasher Joseph S. , Waterfeld Alfred , Pérez Erik W. , Sullivan Jonathan F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractEnd‐group modification of poly(hexafluoropropylene oxide), a perfluoropolyalkylether (PFPAE) shows a dramatic increase in thermal stability under conditions designed to mimic a severe tribological environment. The end‐group modifications in this study include perfluoroethyl (ethyl‐F, EA‐F), n‐perfluoropropyl (n‐propyl‐F, NPA‐F), isoperfluoropropyl (isopropyl‐F, IPA‐F) and n‐perfluorohexyl (n‐hexyl‐F, NHA‐F). Amorphous aluminum fluoride (AlF3) was charged with a monodispersion of a modified PFPAE and was evaluated for thermal stability (200–270 +/− 1°C). The percent degradation of each type of end‐group has been measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and the mechanisms of decomposition have been reported. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Authentication of Radix Aucklandiae and its substitutes by GC‐MS and hierarchical clustering analysis
Authors: Shum Ka‐Chiu , Chen Feng , Li Song‐Lin , Wang Jun , But Paul Pui‐Hay , Shaw Pang‐Chui 
Published: November 2007

AbstractRadix Aucklandiae (Muxiang in Chinese), the dried root of Aucklandia lappa, is used as a medicinal material for digestive system disorders in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. Owing to the similarity of morphologies and trade names, Radix Vladimiriae (Chuan‐Muxiang), the roots of Vladimiria souliei and V. souliei var. cinerea, and Radix Inulae (Tu‐Muxiang), the roots of Inula helenium and Inula racemosa, as well as the renal toxic aristolochic acid containing Radix Aristolochiae (Qing‐Muxiang), the roots of Aristolochia debilis and Aristolochia contorta, are often used confusedly as the substitutes of Radix Aucklandiae. In order to ensure the effective and safe utility of Radix Aucklandiae, a GC‐MS method was developed to generate the chemical profiles of essential oils of Radix Aucklandiae and its substitutes. In addition, hierarchical clustering analysis was used to compare the similarities of these chemical profiles. It was found that all the samples of A. lappa have similar chemical profiles and were clustered into one group, while the samples of Radix Vladimiriae, Radix Inulae, and Radix Aristolochiae were clustered into their own independent groups, respectively, suggesting that together with hierarchical clustering analysis, chemical profiles of essential oils generated by GC‐MS could objectively discriminate Radix Aucklandiae from its common substitutes.
Production and properties of micro‐porous glas bubble zinc and aluminium composites
Authors: Weise J. , Yezerska O. , Busse M. , Haesche M. , Zanetti‐Bueckmann V. , Schmitt M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMicro‐porous syntactic foams were produced by means of integration of glass bubbles into aluminium and zinc matrices. Preforms of glass bubbles were pressure infiltrated with the alloys AlSi9Cu9 ans ZnAl4Cu using squeeze casting. The preforms were sintered thermically without the use of bonding agents. Using the combination of different sintering steps syntactic foams with locally different densities could be produced. The mechanical properties of the foams were tested indicating a high compression strength of the foams and a very good compression energy absorption. Furthermore, corrosion behaviour and behaviour at higher temperatures were investigated.
Modifizierung des ABSE‐Polycarbosilazans mit Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes zur Herstellung spinnfähiger Massen
Authors: Kokott S. , Motz G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn den letzten 10 Jahren wurde eine preisgünstige Herstellungsmethode für keramische SiCN‐Fasern über die Precursorroute gefunden, welche die fünf Prozessschritte Polymersynthese, Herstellung der Spinnmasse, Schmelzspinnen, Härtung mittels Elektronenbestrahlung und kontinuierliche Pyrolyse bei 1100 °C unter Stickstoffatmosphäre beinhaltet. Für diese Anwendung wurde am Lehrstuhl Keramische Werkstoffe der Universität Bayreuth ein festes und schmelzbares Polymer (ABSE) entwickelt, das sich besonders zur Faserherstellung eignet. Auf Grund seines relativ niedrigen Molekulargewichts ist jedoch eine angepasste katalytische und thermische Nachbehandlung nötig, um einen stabilen Schmelzspinnprozess zu gewährleisten. Dieser Artikel stellt eine alternative Herstellungsmethode geeigneter Spinnmassen über die Einbringung von Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) in die ABSE‐Schmelze vor. Für diese Anwendung ist eine homogene Einbringung der MWCNTs in die ABSE‐Matrix notwendig. Durch optische Analyse und Vergleich des Dispergiergrades in auf verschiedene Art und Weise hergestellten Spinnmassen wurde ein optimiertes Dispergierverfahren für MWCNTs im ABSE gefunden. Ebenso wurde der Einfluss eines Dispergators auf den Grad der Dispergierung untersucht. Während durch Zugabe eines Dispergator die Homogenität der MWCNTs in der ABSE‐Matrix deutlich ansteigt, werden die Wechselwirkungen zwischen den MWCNTs und dem Polymer herabgesetzt. In ersten Spinnversuchen konnte eine gute Verspinnbarkeit der MWCNT‐versetzten Massen festgestellt werden. Damit stellt die Zugabe von MWCNTs eine neue Methode dar, den ABSE‐Precursor in geeigneter Weise für den Schmelzspinnprozess zu modifizieren.
Bilateral effects of unilateral thalamic deep brain stimulation: A case report
Authors: Kovacs Norbert , Pal Endre , Merkli Hajnalka , Kellenyi Lorant , Nagy Ferenc , Janszky Jozsef , Balas Istvan 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA recent study has proved that unilateral deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus has bilateral effects. However, it is still unclear whether unilateral ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus (Vim) DBS exerts exclusively contralateral or bilateral effects on tremor. Previous studies demonstrated a clinically irrelevant improvement on the nontarget side after thalamic stimulator implantation, which was considered to be solely the result of mechanical effects. We report here the case of a 55‐year‐old woman in whom unilateral thalamic DBS can stop the disabling postural‐kinetic tremor in both hands. Simultaneous surface electromyography (sEMG), accelerometry, and video recordings were obtained to evaluate the underlying mechanism. After the right Vim DBS was turned off, moderate rest tremor appeared in both hands accompanied by bilateral bursts on sEMG. Because right hand tremor cannot simply reflect the mechanical overflow of the left side, the bilateral improvement caused by right Vim DBS is probably due to an active tremor reduction in this particular case. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Macrophages: An elusive yet emerging therapeutic target of atherosclerosis
Authors: Tiwari R.L. , Singh V. , Barthwal M.K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMacrophages are central to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and thus can be very appropriate targets for therapy. Cell adhesion molecules mediating monocytes recruitment to the endothelium are attractive therapy targets and their inhibitors are in clinical trials. Macrophage scavenger receptors like SR‐A and CD‐36 mediate foam cell formation by facilitating the uptake of modified lipids. Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPAR), liver X receptor (LXR)‐mediated signaling, mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) induced phosphorylation events seem to play an important role in this phenomenon. Proteins affecting macrophage cholesterol metabolism and transport, including ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) A1, ABCG1, acyl‐CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), apolipoprotein A‐1 (ApoA‐1), neutral cholesteryl ester hydrolase (NCEH) also regulate foam cell formation and are being developed as therapeutic targets by many pharmaceutical companies. Macrophage proliferation and apoptosis are important events controlling inflammatory response, plaque vulnerability, and destabilization. Free cholesterol (FC) activates the macrophage endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway and apoptosis. Free radicals and nitric oxide also modulate macrophage foam cell formation and apoptosis. Various antioxidants like AGI‐1067 and BO‐653 are in clinical trials for atherosclerosis treatment. Macrophage matrix metalloproteinase's (MMP's) play a significant role in weakening and rupture of plaques. Efforts are on to develop isoform specific MMP inhibitor. CD‐14, MMP‐3, ABCA1, Toll‐like receptor‐4 (TLR‐4), lectin‐like oxidized low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐1 (LOX‐1), arachidonate lipoxygenase‐15 (ALOX‐15), and Connexin37 polymorphisms and macrophage dysfunction signify their importance in atherosclerosis. Deciphering the role of macrophages in regulating dyslipidemia and inflammation during atherosclerosis is important for developing them as therapeutic targets. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 28, No. 4, 483–544, 2008