bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with Neonatal Mortality at Burao General Hospital, Burao, Somaliland.
Authors: JAMA MOHAMED SULEIMAN , JAMA AHMED ADAN 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In 2019, Somalia had a neonatal mortality rate of 36.9 deaths per 1,000 live births, indicating a gradual decline from 44 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000 (UNICEF, 2019). Despite this overall decrease, Burao General Hospital continued to experience high neonatal mortality rates, prompting a study to investigate the factors associated with neonatal mortality in this specific setting. The research aimed to identify maternal, neonatal, and obstetric factors contributing to neonatal deaths at Burao General Hospital. The study utilized a cross-sectional design with quantitative data collection and analysis methods. A sample size of 68 health workers was selected through simple random sampling, achieving an 88.23% response rate. Guided questionnaires were employed for data collection, and SPSS was used for analysis. The results, obtained through multiple linear regression, revealed significant coefficients for neonatal factors, maternal factors, and pregnancy and obstetric histories, with p-values of 0.0001, 0.0002, and 0.004, respectively. These findings led to the rejection of the null hypothesis, confirming the significant impact of neonatal factors, maternal factors, and pregnancy and obstetric histories on neonatal mortality. The study concluded that neonatal mortality at Burao General Hospital is associated with factors such as maternal age, low educational level, hypertension, rural residence, monthly income, HIV positivity, high birth weight, sepsis, low gestational age, home deliveries, and health complications during pregnancy, and lack of antenatal care. This research recommends that mothers prioritize proper nutrition, attend regular antenatal care visits, and seek prompt medical attention for any health issues arising during pregnancy. These practices can significantly contribute to reducing neonatal mortality rates.
A Novel Approach for Enhancing Drilling Efficiency through Flat Time Optimization
Authors: El-Ekhteiar Hazem Mohamed , Salem Adel Mohamed , El-Fakharany Taher 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Efficient evaluation and improvement of drilling performance are crucial for companies in the oil and gas industry to optimize work plans, scale operations, and allocate financial resources effectively. Drilling operations, which are major expenditure areas, have seen efforts to enhance efficiency and reduce costs. A significant focus has been on optimizing flat time, which accounts for about 30–40% of total well time and significantly impacts well costs. A pioneering project aimed at systematically optimizing flat time analyzed over 2000 flat time sections, establishing a robust baseline and implementing a digital dashboard for real-time performance monitoring across 12 rigs. This approach led to significant time savings of 186 days within two quarters and cost savings of over 150 million dollars over five years. The project's success was also measured by improvements in the Drilling Rate Improvement Index (DRII), showcasing notable efficiency gains. Through data-driven insights and flat time optimization, this project highlighted the potential for substantial cost savings and operational efficiencies in the oil and gas sector's drilling operations.
Morphodynamic Classification of Morocco's Steep Coasts using multivariate methods and remote data
Authors: Farhaoui Isamil , Dakki Mohamed , Saloui Abdelmalek 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The Moroccan coastline extends for 2,130,80 km on the East Atlantic an Western Mediterranean coasts. It shows a high diversity of estuaries, bays, beaches and steep coasts. Despite its ecological, economic, and recreational importance, Morocco does not have a comprehensive inventory of its coastal landscapes. This study attempts to develop a primary classification of Moroccan steep coasts, based on a descriptive inventory of these landscapes, using 12 morphodynamic criteria that we mainly measured on satellite images. To achieve the said classification, we organized the steep coasts and the criteria in a binary matrix, which we treated with the hierarchical ascending classification method (CAH) and Factorial Correspondence Analysis. The results of this treatment provides a clustering scheme where we distinguish six different groups of cliffs, each of them being subdivided to 2 or 3 subgroups. Three categories of criteria appear as determinant in this classification: morphometric (length, area, and elevation), geologic (dominant rock and geologic eras), hydrodynamic (swells), and aerodynamic (wind). However, the two first criteria have the most significant influence on the classification. This classification, mainly based on satellite data, remains preliminary and requires improvements such using some field data. Finally, the raw and compiled data collected in this study constitute database composed of 175 cliffs, described using parametric criteria; this database is a contribution to the national wetlands inventory and is essential to promoting their conservation as well as management.
Effect of material composition on the performance for ZnO@C/Bi as Zn anode
Authors: Wang Ziyuan , Guo Chun , Li Zheng , Hua Zhifan , Li Yifan , Tian Zhongliang , Peng Ke 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Inhibiting dendrite growth and hydrogen evolution corrosion play a key role in improving the anode performance of zinc secondary batteries. ZnO@C/Bi composites with a unique core-shell structure were fabricated, in which the porous carbon coating acted as an ion sieve to inhibit dendrite growth, while the embedded Bi alleviated the hydrogen evolution corrosion of the anode due to its high hydrogen evolution overpotential. Although the design of carbon coating embedded with Bi improves the performance of zinc anode, the Bi content and carbon coating thickness still have great influence on the performance. According to the results, the corrosion current density decreases from 20.55 mA cm− 2 to 15.13 mA cm− 2 and increases to 17.22 mA cm− 2 with increasing Bi content (from 4.14 wt% to 5.66 wt% and to 8.01 wt%), and the best corrosion resistance is obtained for ZnO@C/Bi with 5.66 wt% Bi content. Likewise, when the coating layer thickens from 2.28 nm to 5.48 nm and then to 14.26 nm, the average discharge specific capacity increases from 586.87 mAh g− 1 to 591.59 mAh g− 1 and to 634.96 mAh g− 1, and the cycle life increases from 110 to more than 200 cycles. After the coating layer continues to increase to 20.38 nm, the average specific capacity decreases to 587.68 mAh g− 1. Consequently, the obtained ZnO@C/Bi with the optimal material composition (5.66 wt% for Bi content, 14.26 nm for carbon coating thickness) shows excellent electrochemical performance with a capacity retention rate of 95.79% (631.3 mAh g− 1) after 230 cycles.
Review and Inquiries on Ethics, Policies and Regulations of a Global Patient co-Owned Cloud (GPOC)
Authors: Lidströmer Niklas , Davids Joe , ElSharkawy Mohamed , Ashrafian Hutan , Herlenius Eric 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cloud-based personal health records have increased during the last thirty years across the globe. The concept of a Global Patient co-Owned Cloud (GPOC) of personal health records is presented in the GPOC series. It encompasses a systematic review and meta-analysis, a global survey among 100% of the UN member states and a technical sandbox. GPOC introduces patient co-ownership of personal health records. Here, we review the ethics, rights, privacy, co-ownership, policies, security, technique, initiatives, regulation, market, AI integration, and future challenges relevant to GPOC. We also included novel data from a series of over a hundred interviews with representatives of fifty national health ministries from all over the world and international organisations. Over 90% of the interviewees strongly endorsed the idea that co-ownership should be a human right. Similarly, consensus was attained for all the twelve reviewed aspects. Our hybrid approach, combining narrative review with interviews of senior state and organizational health experts, offers original insights and in-depth analysis of key aspects relevant to GPOC. Notably, the enthusiasm for the GPOC concept was unanimous. Moreover, we provide a comprehensive global overview of aspects of relevant human rights, ethics, privacy, policy, regulations, and integration initiatives by states and organisations. We also analysed the incumbent health record market, AI integration, and future challenges for a GPOC. Furthermore, we offer a holistic analysis of regulations, the global nature of AI, and its implications for healthcare. These discussions contribute to the ongoing discourse on the ethical and societal implications of emerging technologies in healthcare. Finally, the present study indicates that GPOC might result in a new human right to co-own one’s personal health information. GPOC could drive development and spread of artificial intelligence for healthcare globally. It may solve the lacking personal health record integration on a global scale. Thus, a decentralised GPOC with consensus from blockchain, may benefit global health.
From virtue to sin: is the installation of bat boxes an effective conservation measure or a potential pitfall for vulnerable bat species?
Authors: Lisón Fulgencio , Matus-Olivares Camilo , Carrasco Jaime , Weintraub Andrés 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Bat boxes are a key element in bat conservation policies being very popular. However, it is a biased action that is only favourable for a few bat species. In this manuscript, we hypothesize that the installation of these elements and an extensive proliferation of them could threaten other bat species more vulnerable due to the niche competition. For this, we calculated the overlapping degree between the bat species that use bat boxes and those that do not, specifically: 1) To determine the favourability area of these bat species through habitat suitability models in Iberian Peninsula; 2) To compare the overlapping degree between both bat groups; 3) To elaborate optimal maps for the installation of bat boxes through optimization algorithm; and 4) To discuss the implications for the conservation of this action. Our results showed that the overlapping between bat boxes users and the other species is high (mean 51.8%) and there are areas where a bat boxes not user species could compete with at least 9 bat boxes user species. Therefore, the installation of bat boxes could be counterproductive, and we should focus on other conservation actions. We used an optimization algorithm to find out those areas where it is not recommendable to install them and developed a flowchart to evaluate its installation in an area. In conclusion, our study highlights that conservation actions on some occasions could be negative or be a pitfall for themselves, and it is necessary to discuss the effectiveness of certain measures for bat conservation.
Osteogenic promoting effect of inflammatort cytokines in Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Authors: Wu Hao , Zhao Qi , Chen Qing , Xie Dong , Wang Longqing , Ye Cheng , Shi Mingliang , Niu Baocheng , Yang Lili 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the effects of IL-6, IL-1β, MCP-1, TNF-α, RANTES and IL-10 on osteogenic differentiation of Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament (OPLL) cells.Methods: Posterior longitudinal ligament was collected during surgical spinal procedures in 5 patients with OPLL. OPLL cells were isolated by enzymatic digestion of the tissue.The primary OPLL cells were cultured and passed, and the post-passage OPLL cells were subjected to osteogenic culture. In the process of osteogenic culture, 10-40ng/ml concentrations of IL-6, IL-1β, MCP-1, TNF-α, RANTES, IL-10 and all the above factors were added respectively.Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity levels of cells were detected After 7 days.Results: Compared with the control group (without adding any cytokine), the activity of ALP of OPLL cells was significantly increased regardless of the concentration of IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1, RANTES and IL-10, and the promoting effect of adding IL-1β was the most significant. For the same cytokine, in the concentration range of 10-40ng/ml, the osteogenic differentiation ability of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1, RANTES and IL-10 groups was positively correlated with the concentration. Compared with the control group, the osteogenic differentiation ability of OPLL was significantly enhanced after the addition of all the above cytokines, and the activity of ALP was much higher than that of the control group and other single-cytokine intervention groups regardless of the concentration; At different concentrations, when the concentration reached 40ng/ml, the group had the most obvious effect on osteogenic differentiation of OPLL cells.Conclusion: Both pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1, RANTES) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) can promote osteogenic differentiation of OPLL cells. In the range of 10-40ng/ml, the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines were positively correlated with the osteogenic differentiation ability of OPLL cells. Various inflammatory factors have a synergistic effect in the osteogenic differentiation of OPLL cells.
Increased Imaging Ligand Hydrophilicity and Improved Pharmacokinetic Properties Provides Enhanced In Vivo Targeting of Fibroblast Activation Protein
Authors: Narain Radhika , Nessler Ian , Richardson Paul , Erickson Jamie , Wang Yuzhen , Ferri Jacqueline , Knight Heather , Bryant Shaughn , Phillips Lucy , Zhang Liang , Mitra Soumya 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this work, the impact of physicochemical modifications on pharmacokinetics and in vivo targeting of a small molecule fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) imaging ligand in a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis was evaluated. While similar ligands have been well-reported in oncology for molecular imaging and radiotherapy, there are limited reports of FAPI derivatives in targeted applications in immunology. As inflammation may increase both specific and non-specific delivery of targeted agents in general, we sought to identify the optimal targeted molecular imaging probe characteristics for efficient cell surface engagement. A series of FAPI derivatives were synthesized and their physicochemical properties modified via conjugation of fluorescent dyes and/or an albumin-binding small molecule. The impact of these modifications on cell surface binding affinity was assessed using an overexpressing line. Additionally, a thorough mechanistic characterization of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) cell surface internalization was evaluated in both overexpressing and endogenously expressing cells. Lastly, the pharmacokinetics and in vivo uptake in inflamed arthritic paws were characterized via near-infrared (NIR) imaging. All targeted molecular imaging agents tested maintained strong nanomolar binding affinity to cell surface FAP independent of chemical modification. The murine fibroblast-like synoviocytes expressed lower absolute cell-surface FAP compared to a transfected line, and the net internalization half-life measured for the transfected cells via flow cytometry was 7.2 h. The unmodified FAPI ligand exhibited the poorest in vivo targeting, likely resulting from its large apparent volume of distribution (62.7 ml) and rapid systemic clearance (t1/2 = 0.5 h). Conjugation of a charged, hydrophilic AF647 fluorophore decreased systemic clearance (t1/2 = 2.1 h) and demonstrated a 2-fold improvement in blocking FAPI-800CW engagement of FAP in vivo when compared to blocking of FAPI-800CW with FAPI with up to 2.8-fold improvements noted for the equivalent albumin binding construct comparison.
ESSEF: A Framework for Modeling Security Requirements in Embedded Systems
Authors: Rodrigues Daniel Albino Mosca , Leite João Paulo Reus Rodrigues 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Embedded systems are crucial in various computing domains, from consumer electronics to industrial automation, but they also pose significant cybersecurity challenges. This article conducts an analysis of the current state of security requirements engineering for embedded systems and explores cybersecurity solutions tailored for them. Specific security concerns in embedded environments are addressed, leading to the proposal of a framework for modeling and documenting the security architecture of embedded systems. This framework aims to facilitate the integration of security requirements in projects involving firmware and hardware. Factors considered include security requirements fulfillment, hardware resource availability, performance overhead, compatibility, and ease of integration. Through a systematic evaluation, this article aims to provide practical guidance for researchers and practitioners in selecting effective cybersecurity solutions for embedded systems and modeling them comprehensively for improved software quality through documentation.
Cumulative Family Risk and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Chinese Adolescents: A Longitudinal Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Xu Yanfeng , Yang Banglin , Guo Chong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aims to investigate the longitudinal relationship and underlying mechanism of cumulative family risk on Chinese adolescents’ non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI).
Methods
A total of 891 adolescents participated in a follow-up study with a 12-month interval, during which the Cumulative Family Risk Questionnaire, Effortful Control Scale, Zhong-Yong Thinking Style Scale, and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Scale were administered.
Result
The results indicated that: (1) cumulative family risk significantly and positively predicted NSSI in adolescents; (2) effortful control longitudinally mediated the relationship between cumulative family risk and NSSI among adolescents; and (3) the direct effect of cumulative family risk on NSSI in adolescents, as well as the initial phase of the mediating effect of effortful control, were moderated by Zhong-Yong thinking style. Furthermore, both the direct and indirect effects were moderated by Zhong-Yong thinking style, particularly in Chinese adolescents with low levels of Zhong-Yong thinking style, where the effects were weaker.
Conclusion
This study sheds light on the relationship between cumulative family risk, effortful control, and NSSI in Chinese adolescents, highlighting the moderating role of Zhong-Yong thinking style. These findings provide empirical support for the development of preventive strategies aimed at addressing NSSI among Chinese adolescents in the future.
Retrospective analysis of the incidence and risk factors for mortality from intertrochanteric fracture in elderly patients treated with cementless bipolar hemiarthroplasty:2-year follow-up
Authors: Li Jiachen , Yang Zhaohui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose: The objective of this study was to explore the risk factors for mortality in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures treated with proximal femoral nail fixation(PFNA) or cementless bipolar hemiarthroplasty(CBH), as well as in patients with CBH based on subgroups of follow-up time.
Patients and Methods: A total of 231 patients who underwent PFNA or CBH at our hospital between January 2016 and October 2021 were included. We first compared the two surgical procedures, and then compared the mortality and survival groups treated with CBH based on the subgroups of follow-up time in univariate, logistic regression, and Kaplan-Meier survival estimates
Results: In our study, the survival rate and average survival time of the joint replacement group were greater than those of the intramedullary nailing group(p＜0.05), and the time from surgery to implantation in the joint replacement group was significantly shorter(p＜0.05). However, the need for blood transfusion was greater in the joint replacement group(p＜0.05), and the Harris score of the joint replacement group was also greater than that of the intramedullary nailing group(p＜0.05). The survival rates in the CBH group at the 6-month, 1-year and 2-year follow-ups were 90.4%, 84.2% and 78.9%,respectively.Univariate analysis of the CBH group showed that gender was associated with mortality at the 6-month(p＜0.05), 1-year(p＜0.05), and 2-year follow-ups(p＜0.05), and we found that ICU admission time was a risk factor for mortality at both 1-year and 2-year follow-ups(p＜0.05), which was also consistent with the logistic regression analysis.
Conclusion: Gender was an independent risk factor for mortality in all follow-up time subgroups. In addition, the amount of perioperative hemoglobin and albumin loss should be considered and measures should be taken during the perioperative period.
Level of Evidence:therapeutic level III according to the OCEBM levels of the Evidence Working Group.
StHY5 promotes the synthesis of SGAs during tuber greening induced by light in potato
Authors: Wang Chao , Bai Ruqian , Zhang Saihang , Zhang Xiaomei , Luo Jilin , Chi Shaoyi , Teng Linlin , Ma Ling 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Turning green due to light exposure during storage or shelfs sales poses a significant challenge on food safety issues, because of large quantities accumulation of SGAs, a set of toxic secondary metabolite, in tuber. HY5 is well known as a regulator transmit light signal in plants, but its role in tuber turning green was barely elucidated. In this study, we performed bioinformatics analysis, subcellular localization, and gene expression analysis of the StHY5 gene to clarify its function in tuber turning green after light exposure. The results showed that the StHY5 gene was expressed in both the peel and flesh of tuber but with different expression patterns. Under greening treatment, the expression of the StHY5 gene was upregulated in the flesh, showing the same pattern of change in SGAs content during greening. Further analysis indicated that StHY5 could directly up-regulate the expression of StSGT1/GAME1 and GAME4 during tuber greening induced by light. These results showed that StHY5 might play an important role in SGAs accumulation during tuber turning green and provided a foundation for further research on the function of the StHY5 gene in potato.
Effect of right ventricular dysfunction on mortality in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Nobayashi Hiroki , Bamba Harui , Iida Tomomichi , Aoyagi Ryuji , Maruyama Yukio , Yokoo Takashi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease is a major complication in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), and heart failure is the leading cause of death among them. While the effectt of left ventricular dysfunction on patients on MHD is well known, the association between right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and their prognosis remains poorly understood.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 149 patients on MHD (median age, 72 years; male, 67%) between April 2022 and March 2024. All subjects underwent transthoracic two-dimensional and doppler echocardiographic examination. RV dysfunction was determined when the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) was under 16 mm. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to compare survival between patients with and without RV dysfunction. The univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to estimate the effects of RV dysfunction on all-cause mortality.
Results: Twenty out of 149 patients on MHD (13%) had RV dysfunction. Indexes of their left ventricular (LV) function (such as the LV ejection fraction and E/e' ratio) were similar to those of patients without RV dysfunction. During the follow-up period, 23 patients died (9 patients with RV dysfunction and 14 patients without RV dysfunction). Kaplan–Meier analyses showed significantly lower survival among patients with RV dysfunction (p < 0.01). The multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that RV dysfunction was independently associated with all-cause mortality (Hazard ratios: 3.55; 95%confidence intervals, 1.39–9.05).
Conclusions: RV dysfunction is a significant risk factor for all-cause mortality among patients on MHD.