bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining Women’s HIV Protective Behaviors in Nepal
Authors: Raut Shambika , Kagotho Njeri 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Women’s autonomy in decision making has important sexual and reproductive health implications. This study uses a nationwide analysis in Nepal to examine women’s autonomy, attitude toward intimate partner violence (IPV) behaviors, and HIV-related knowledge in the execution of HIV protective behaviors such as having one sexual partner or getting an HIV test to prevent HIV transmission. Secondary data analysis was conducted using the nationally represented Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (2016–2021) dataset. The sample included 9,904 women ages 15 to 49 who self-identified as ever married. Factor analysis for women’s autonomy, attitude toward IPV behaviors, and HIV-related knowledge were conducted based on social dominance theory. Structural equation modeling was conducted, and the results indicated that higher autonomy decreased the risk of HIV infection through having one sexual partner. Factors related to multiple sex partners included unemployment, religious affiliation, and age. Similarly, higher autonomy, HIV-related knowledge, having a formal job, and urban residence increased women’s likelihood of taking an HIV test. Women’s higher education, greater wealth, religious affiliation, and youth also correlate with HIV testing. Future HIV prevention interventions should include strategies that support women’s social and economic empowerment and enhance women’s ability to make informed choices about their health and risks.
Problems with Paralogs: The Promise and Challenges of Gene Duplicates in Evo-Devo Research
Authors: Deem Kevin D , Brisson Jennifer A 
Published: April 2024

Synopsis
Gene duplicates, or paralogs, serve as a major source of new genetic material and comprise seeds for evolutionary innovation. While originally thought to be quickly lost or nonfunctionalized following duplication, now a vast number of paralogs are known to be retained in a functional state. Daughter paralogs can provide robustness through redundancy, specialize via sub-functionalization, or neo-functionalize to play new roles. Indeed, the duplication and divergence of developmental genes have played a monumental role in the evolution of animal forms (e.g., Hox genes). Still, despite their prevalence and evolutionary importance, the precise detection of gene duplicates in newly sequenced genomes remains technically challenging and often overlooked. This presents an especially pertinent problem for evolutionary developmental biology, where hypothesis testing requires accurate detection of changes in gene expression and function, often in nontraditional model species. Frequently, these analyses rely on molecular reagents designed within coding sequences that may be highly similar in recently duplicated paralogs, leading to cross-reactivity and spurious results. Thus, care is needed to avoid erroneously assigning diverged functions of paralogs to a single gene, and potentially misinterpreting evolutionary history. This perspective aims to overview the prevalence and importance of paralogs and to shed light on the difficulty of their detection and analysis while offering potential solutions.
The spatiotemporal distribution prediction method for distributed photovoltaic installed capacity based on power supply measurement data
Authors: Yang Zhichun , Yang Fan , Liu Yu , Min Huaidong , Zeng Hao , Zhou Zhiqiang , Xiao Ming 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
With the anticipated expansion of distributed power grid integration in the foreseeable future, the consideration of distributed power’s impact on power balance becomes paramount in distribution network planning. In this research, we presented a novel approach for predicting the spatial and temporal distribution of distribution network planning areas, with a specific focus on estimating the installed capacity of distributed photovoltaic (PV) systems. Our method leveraged the saturated capacity of distributed PV, requiring minimal data inputs. By establishing a quantitative model that elucidated the relationship between installed distributed PV capacity and land area, we generated PV installed capacity evolution curves for various types of land. Subsequently, we derived the development coefficient of distributed PV installed capacity. By combining this coefficient with the current status of installed distributed PV capacity in the target area’s land parcels, we forecasted the spatial and temporal distribution of future distributed PV capacity within the region. The proposed prediction model held significant implications for the planning of new distribution networks. Additionally, this study predicted the installed distributed PV capacity for distinct land use types, including residential, commercial, and industrial land, using a regional power supply unit as a representative example. We employed the installed PV capacity unit to forecast the electricity loss rate and energy saving rate within the planning area. By validating the model and method through exemplary test results, we demonstrated the model’s feasibility and accuracy. Furthermore, our model effectively predicted the impact of distributed PV integration on overall load forecasting, thereby offering the power grid more precise load forecasting capabilities.
Discovering the Contributions of Academic Wives to the Development of Labour Law: Liesel Kahn-Freund
Authors: Zahn Rebecca , Kullmann Miriam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article’s starting point is a strand of historical and sociological studies literature on ‘academic wives’ which reveals the social and, above all, unpaid labour that facilitated an academic career up until the mid-twentieth century. The article then draws on primary and secondary sources in order to trace the life of Otto Kahn-Freund’s wife, Elisabeth (Liesel) Kahn-Freund. We suggest that Liesel was an indispensable facilitator of her husband’s career. She provided valuable scholarly and intellectual support; by taking on responsibility for domestic tasks and care responsibilities, she gave her husband uninterrupted time and space to build his network, travel internationally, and, perhaps most importantly, concentrate on and pursue his research. In doing so, she, and many like her, played a significant albeit largely unrecognised role in the creation of labour law as we now know it. A better understanding of the labour performed by an “academic wife” provides a more nuanced picture of where labour law has come from and the factors that went into its creation. It also encourages labour law scholars to re-evaluate what kind of labour is recognised as part of labour law and is the focus of future labour law scholarship.
Estimating the Potential Public Health Value of BCG Revaccination
Authors: Clark Rebecca A , Sumner Tom , Weerasuriya Chathika K , Bakker Roel , Scriba Thomas J , White Richard G 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
An upcoming trial may provide further evidence that adolescent/adult-targeted BCG revaccination prevents sustained Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, but its public health value depends on its impact on overall tuberculosis morbidity and mortality, which will remain unknown. Using previously calibrated models for India and South Africa, we simulated BCG revaccination assuming 45% prevention-of-infection efficacy, and we evaluated scenarios varying additional prevention-of-disease efficacy between +50% (reducing risk) and −50% (increasing risk). Given the assumed prevention-of-infection efficacy and range in prevention-of-disease efficacy, BCG revaccination may have a positive health impact and be cost-effective. This may be useful when considering future evaluations and implementation of adolescent/adult BCG revaccination.
Injunctions and damages for patent infringement under the UPCA in light of the principle of proportionality—Part II: damages
Authors: Hofmann Franz , Raue Benjamin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article examines the availability of injunctions and the award of damages for patent infringement under the Agreement on a Unified Patent Court (UPCA), in light of the principle of proportionality. Part I, published in the previous issue, focused on injunctive relief and analysed the application of the principle of proportionality to injunctions, outlining key factors and scenarios. Part II discusses the principles and methods applicable to the calculation of damages, assessing their suitability in light of the principle of proportionality, as defined in European Union law and in the case law of select contracting states.
The changing dynamics of work from home and its association with sleep disturbance through work–family conflict during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jung Jaehyuk , Lim Jiyoung , Cho Yong Hyuk , Park Jae Bum , Jeong Inchul 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
Work from home (WFH) can increase sleep disturbances. However, only few studies have examined the connection between WFH and sleep disturbance while considering work–family conflict (WFC) and the changes brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to examine the association between WFH and sleep disturbance, considering WFC, and assess how this association changed during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:
We used data from the fifth and sixth Korean Working Conditions Survey. WFH workers and a control group were selected using propensity score matching. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs for sleep disturbance in the WFH and control groups.

Results:
The workers working from home showed significantly higher ORs for sleep disturbance before (4.26; 95% CI, 3.59-5.05) and during (1.52; 95% CI, 1.26-1.83) the COVID-19 pandemic. When stratified by WFC, the association was significant only in the workers with WFC before COVID-19. However, the association was not significant during COVID-19 among the workers with WFC.

Conclusions:
WFH was significantly associated with sleep disturbance among workers before COVID-19, but this association was not observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Considering the significant role that WFC plays in this association, companies should provide a family-friendly WFH environment when adopting WFH practices.
Impact of increasing number of mental health conditions on healthcare costs and resource utilization among individuals with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Bounthavong Mark , Medina Aysell , Wallace Brooke M , Sepassi Aryana , Morello Candis M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the association between the number of mental health conditions among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and healthcare expenditures in the USA.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between multiple mental health conditions (0, 1, and 2 or more mental health conditions) among individuals with T2D on healthcare expenditures using data from the 2019 US Medical Expenditure Panel Survey.

Key findings
A total of 24,091,931 weighted individuals with T2D were included for analysis; 76.8% had no co-occurring mental health conditions, 15.5% had one mental health condition, and 7.7% had two or more mental health conditions. Individuals with one and two or more mental health conditions had significantly greater total healthcare costs (+$7135 and +$7168), office-based costs (+$1196 and +$1483), prescription costs (+$2091 and +$3757), office-based visits (+3.55 and +6.46), and prescriptions fills (+13.97 and +26.77) than individuals with no mental health conditions.

Conclusions
Individuals with T2D and an increasing number of co-occurring mental health conditions were associated with increased healthcare costs and resource utilization. Underlying mechanisms for this relationship remain unclear, and further investigations are needed to accurately assess the impact this may have on health outcomes.
In vitro analysis on the adhesion potential of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum from infant faeces and its gastrointestinal localization, growth promotion, and immunomodulation in Wistar rats: a preliminary study
Authors: Narayanan Rakhie , T R Keerthi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria, found in heterogenous niches, are known for their health-endorsing properties and are in demand as prospective probiotics. Hence, the scientific community around the globe is in continuous search for novel and new potential strains with extensive applicability and minimum risk. In this context, the present study evaluated the efficiency of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (P2F2) of human origin, a highly autoaggregating and coaggregating (with pathogens) strain, for its colonization, growth promotion, and immunomodulation. Results indicated moderate hydrophobicity on adhesion to xylene and n-hexadecane and weak electron-donating properties with chloroform. The biofilm of P2F2 formed on polystyrene was strong and highly correlated to exopolysaccharide production. The autoaggregation was moderately correlated with hydrophobicity and biofilm production. It was noted that the P2F2 strain modulated the gut microbiota and increased intestinal villi length in Wistar rats. The lipid and glucose profiles remained intact. P2F2 treatment increased the activity of reactive oxygen species-generating cells in the peritoneal cavity, besides augmenting the mitogen-induced splenocyte proliferation and maintained the immunoglobulins at the normal level. Results from this study conclusively suggest that the strain P2F2 adheres to the intestine and modulates the gut ecosystem besides enhancing cell-mediated immunity without altering the serological parameters tested.
Confounded by Time and Love: An Interview with Jericho Brown
Authors: Brown Cameron , Floreani Tracy 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This interview with poet Jericho Brown, winner of the 2020 Pulitzer Prize for Poetry for his book The Tradition (2019), includes anecdotes from his childhood, reflections on life and writing after receiving a major literary prize, meditations on his role as a teacher, a description of inventing a new poetic form, his journey to declare identity within his art, the upheavals of 2020, and shifting attitudes around social justice, censorship, and public education.
Resolving the intricate binding of neomycin B to multiple binding motifs of a neomycin-sensing riboswitch aptamer by native top-down mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Heel Sarah Viola , Juen Fabian , Bartosik Karolina , Micura Ronald , Kreutz Christoph , Breuker Kathrin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Understanding small molecule binding to RNA can be complicated by an intricate interplay between binding stoichiometry, multiple binding motifs, different occupancies of different binding motifs, and changes in the structure of the RNA under study. Here, we use native top-down mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to experimentally resolve these factors and gain a better understanding of the interactions between neomycin B and the 40 nt aptamer domain of a neomycin-sensing riboswitch engineered in yeast. Data from collisionally activated dissociation of the 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 RNA-neomycin B complexes identified a third binding motif C of the riboswitch in addition to the two motifs A and B found in our previous study, and provided occupancies of the different binding motifs for each complex stoichiometry. Binding of a fourth neomycin B molecule was unspecific according to both MS and NMR data. Intriguingly, all major changes in the aptamer structure can be induced by the binding of the first neomycin B molecule regardless of whether it binds to motif A or B as evidenced by stoichiometry-resolved MS data together with titration data from 1H NMR spectroscopy in the imino proton region. Specific binding of the second and third neomycin B molecules further stabilizes the riboswitch aptamer, thereby allowing for a gradual response to increasing concentrations of neomycin B, which likely leads to a fine-tuning of the cellular regulatory mechanism.
Convicting Peaceful Protesters: Proportionality’s Proper Place at Criminal Trial
Authors: Martin Richard 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Suppose that a defendant’s conviction would amount to an interference with their right to peaceful protest, protected by articles 10 and 11 of the European Convention on Human Rights. Is a court then obliged to make a conviction turn on a fact-sensitive proportionality assessment justifying the interference? Drawing on the jurisprudence of the domestic and Strasbourg courts, this article argues that the case law has crystallised into two paradigms that provide distinct answers: the ‘justificatory paradigm’ in European human rights law and the ‘offence-centric’ paradigm in domestic law. The article exposes how and why this divergence has developed, what is at stake at the level of constitutional values and how this conflict might be resolved. It is argued that compliance with Strasbourg now depends on the integration of the justificatory paradigm into domestic law. The article imagines how this might be done in a manner sensitive to domestic constitutional values, using the mechanics on offer in the Human Rights Act 1998.
Suppression of AGRN enhances CD8+ T cell recruitment and inhibits breast cancer progression
Authors: Tao Jing , Shen Li , Zhuang Minyu , Zhai Changyuan , Zeng Hanling , Mao Yuan , Liu Xiaoan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) stands as a prominent contributor to global cancer‐related mortality, with an increasing incidence annually. This study aims to investigate AGRN gene expression in BC, as well as explore its influence on the tumor immune microenvironment. AGRN displayed a pronounced upregulation in BC tissues relative to paracancerous tissues. Single‐cell RNA analysis highlighted AGRN‐specific elevation within cancer cell clusters and also showed expression expressed in stromal as well as immune cell clusters. AGRN upregulation was positively correlated with clinicopathological stage and negatively correlated with BC prognosis. As revealed by the in vitro experiment, AGRN knockdown effectively hinders BC cells in terms of proliferation, invasion as well as migration. AGRN protein, which may interact with EXT1, LRP4, RAPSN, etc., was primarily distributed in the cell cytoplasm. Notably, immune factors might interact with AGRN in BC, evidenced by its discernible associations with immunofactors like IL10, CD274, and PVRL2. Mass spectrometry and immunohistochemistry revealed that the reduction of AGRN led to an increase in CD8+ T cells with triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). Mechanistically, the connection between TRIM7 and PD‐L1 is improved by AGRN, acting as a scaffold, thereby facilitating the accelerated degradation of PD‐L1 by TRIM7. Downregulation of AGRN inhibits BC progression and increases CD8+ T cell recruitment. Targeting AGRN may contribute to BC treatment. The biomarker AGRN, serving as a therapeutic target for BC, emerges as a prospective avenue for enhancing both diagnosis and prognosis in BC cases.
PRMT4 interacts with NCOA4 to inhibit ferritinophagy in cisplatin‐induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Zhou Lizhi , Deng Zebin , Wang Yilong , Zhang Hao , Yan Shu , Kanwar Yashpal S. , Wang Yinhuai , Dai Yingbo , Deng Fei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCisplatin‐induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is commonly seen in the clinical practice, and ferroptosis, a type of non‐apoptotic cell death, plays a pivotal role in it. Previous studies suggested that protein arginine methyltransferase 4 (PRMT4) was incorporated in various bioprocesses, but its role in renal injuries has not been investigated. Our present study showed that PRMT4 was highly expressed in renal proximal tubular cells, and it was downregulated in cisplatin‐induced AKI. Besides, genetic disruption of PRMT4 exacerbated, while its overexpression attenuated, cisplatin‐induced redox injuries in renal proximal epithelia. Mechanistically, our work showed that PRMT4 interacted with NCOA4 to inhibit ferritinophagy, a type of selective autophagy favoring lipid peroxidation to accelerate ferroptosis. Taken together, our study demonstrated that PRMT4 interacted with NCOA4 to attenuate ferroptosis in cisplatin‐induced AKI, suggesting that PRMT4 might present as a new therapeutic target for cisplatin‐related nephropathy.
Effects of repeated weight cycling on non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis in diet‐induced obese mice
Authors: Inia José A. , de Jong Jelle C. B. C. , Keijzer Nanda , Menke Aswin L. , Princen Hans M. G. , Jukema J. Wouter , van den Hoek Anita M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLifestyle interventions remain the treatment of choice for patients with obesity and metabolic complications, yet are difficult to maintain and often lead to cycles of weight loss and regain (weight cycling). Literature on weight cycling remains controversial and we therefore investigated the association between weight cycling and metabolic complications using preexistent obese mice. Ldlr−/−.Leiden mice received a high‐fat diet (HFD) for 20 weeks to induce obesity. Subsequently, weight‐cycled mice were switched between the healthy chow diet and HFD for four 2‐week periods and compared to mice that received HFD for the total study period. Repeated weight cycling tended to decrease body weight and significantly reduced fat mass, whereas adipose tissue inflammation was similar relative to HFD controls. Weight cycling did not significantly affect blood glucose or plasma insulin levels yet significantly reduced plasma free fatty acid and alanine transaminase/aspartate transaminase levels. Hepatic macrovesicular steatosis was similar and microvesicular steatosis tended to be increased upon weight cycling. Weight cycling resulted in a robust decrease in hepatic inflammation compared to HFD controls while hepatic fibrosis and atherosclerosis development were not affected. These results argue against the postulate that repeated weight cycling leads to unfavorable metabolic effects, when compared to a continuous unhealthy lifestyle, and in fact revealed beneficial effects on hepatic inflammation, an important hallmark of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis.