bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental zoning based on the distribution of potentially toxic elements, risk contamination indices, and bioindicators in three areas affected by gold mining in Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: López Julián E. , Marín Juan F. , Saldarriaga Juan F. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Gold mining stands out as a primary industrial operation significantly affecting the environment, underscoring the urgency of developing strategies to enhance environmental stewardship in the impacted areas. In areas directly or indirectly affected by emissions of hazardous substances like As, Cd, Pb, and Cr, these strategies are crucial for informed decision-making. Zoning the spatial distribution of these elements and using indices and pollution bioindicators can create a diagnostic and remedial tool to address pollution concerns effectively. The aim of this study is to apply environmental zoning in three gold-mining-affected municipalities in Antioquia, Colombia. The zoning considers various factors, including i) levels of potentially toxic elements, ii) contamination indices, and iii) bioindicators. Geospatial analysis was employed to create maps illustrating the distribution of potential toxic elements, along with the indices and bioindicators utilized. The results show that the concentrations of potentially toxic elements were the lowest, even below the reference values for non-contaminated soils, in the municipality of Yalí. In contrast, most samples from Puerto Berrío and Buriticá revealed amounts of potentially toxic elements higher than the standards for uncontaminated soils. In particular, the highest contamination values for the elements Cd, Pb, and Cr were found in Puerto Berrío. The correlation study shows that concentrations of potentially toxic elements, pollution indices, and bioindicators have a substantial association (P < 0.05) (r > 0.67). The municipalities can be categorized into three zones: a highly polluted area needing remediation, a moderately polluted zone requiring natural restoration monitoring, and a low-contamination region needing conservation efforts. Overall, this zoning proposal can help competent authorities enhance environmental management strategies.
The role of NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-2 in liver metabolic stress through regulating Pyruvate kinase M2 ubiquitination
Authors: Guo Jingru , Nie Junshu , Li Dongni , Zhang Huaixiu , Zhao Tianrui , Zhang Shoufeng , Ma Li , Lu Jingjing , Ji Hong , Tao Sha , Li Shize , xu bin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

NAD-dependent deacetylase Sirt2 is involved in mammalian metabolic activities, matching energy demand with energy production and expenditure, and is relevant to a variety of metabolic diseases. Here, we constructed Sirt2 knockout and adeno-associated virus overexpression mice and found that deletion of hepatic Sirt2 accelerated primary obesity and insulin resistance in mice with concomitant hepatic metabolic dysfunction. However, the key targets of Sirt2 are unknown. We identified the M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) as a key Sirt2 target involved in glycolysis in metabolic stress. Through yeast two-hybrid and mass spectrometry combined with multi-omics analysis, we identified candidate acetylation modification targets of SIRT2 on PKM2 lysine 135 (K135). The Sirt2-mediated deacetylation-ubiquitination switch of PKM2 regulated the development of glycolysis. Here, we found that Sirt2 deficiency led to impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance and induced primary obesity. Sirt2 severely disrupted liver function in mice under metabolic stress, exacerbated the metabolic burden on the liver, and affected glucose metabolism. Sirt2 underwent acetylation modification of lysine 135 of PKM2 through a histidine 187 enzyme active site-dependent effect and reduced ubiquitination of the K48 ubiquitin chain of PKM2. Our findings reveal that the hepatic glucose metabolism links nutrient state to whole-body energetics through the rhythmic regulation of Sirt2.
Somatic embryogenesis of slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.): initiation, maturation, germination and mycorrhization of regenerated plantlets
Authors: FEI QI , Chen You-Mei , Ke Xin , Ye Jian-Ren , Zhu Lihua 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.), an important economic tree species with a high resin yield, is extensively cultivated in southern China. Somatic embryogenesis (SE) technology could hasten the breeding of P. elliottii through improving seedling quality and number, but mass production of somatic embryos remains constrained by various factors. We described an efficient SE system through indirect route and investigate the effects of genotype, phytohormones and culture condition on SE. Immature zygotic embryos of three open-pollinated mother trees collected during 2020–2023 were utilized for initiation of embryogenic callus (EC). The initiation of EC was significantly influenced by seed sources (families) (p < 0.05). The addition of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (6 mg/L), 6-benzylaminopurine (1 mg/L) and kinetin (2 mg/L) effectively improved initiation rates by up to 15.67 ± 1.89%. Furthermore, glutamine addition to the maturation medium enhanced the yield of SE during culture. The optimum concentration range of activated carbon within the germination medium spanned from 3–4.5 g/L. Inoculation with ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria amethystea enhanced the root length of regenerated plantlets, reaching 7.92 ± 4.06 cm. The regenerated plantlets inoculated with mycorrhizae Pisolithus orientalis and Xerocomus chrysenteron showed improved survival during the acclimatization phase, with 100% survival of mycorrhizae-treated plantlets after 3 months of acclimatization in the greenhouse. We clarified the SE conditions suitable for P. elliottii, and the SE system and mycorrhizal method we used can be applied to mass production of plantlets.
Serological analysis in humans in Malaysian Borneo suggests prior exposure to H5 avian influenza
Authors: Klim Hannah , William Timothy , Brady Caolann , Chua Tock , Monzó Helena Brazal , Rajahram Giri , Mellors Jack , John Jecelyn , Jeffree Mohammad Saffree , Tipton Tom , Thompson Craig , Ahmed Kamruddin , Drakeley Chris , Carroll Miles , Fornace Kimberly 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Cases of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenzas (HPAI) are on the rise. Although mammalian spillover events are rare, H5N1 viruses have an estimated mortality rate in humans of 60%. No human cases of H5 infection have been reported in Malaysian Borneo, but HPAI has circulated in poultry and migratory avian species transiting through the region. Recent deforestation in Malaysian Borneo may increase the proximity between humans and migratory birds. We hypothesise that higher rates of human-animal contact, caused by this habitat destruction, will increase the likelihood of potential zoonotic spillover events. In 2015, an environmentally stratified cross-sectional survey was conducted collecting geolocated questionnaire data in 10,100 individuals. A serological survey of these individuals reveals evidence of H5 neutralisation that persisted following depletion of seasonal H1/H3 binding antibodies from the plasma. The presence of these antibodies suggests that some individuals living near migratory sites may have been exposed to H5. There is a spatial and environmental overlap between individuals displaying high H5 binding and the distribution of migratory birds. We have developed a novel surveillance approach including both spatial and serological data to detect potential spillover events, highlighting the urgent need to study cross-species pathogen transmission in migratory zones.
Parkinson’s disease gene, Synaptojanin1, dysregulates the basal maintenance of the dopamine transporter
Authors: Pan Ping-Yue , Saenz Jacqueline , Khezerlou Elnaz , Aggarwal Meha , Shaikh Amina , Ganti Naga , Herborg Freja 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Missense mutations of PARK20/SYNJ1 (synaptojanin1/Synj1) have been linked to complex forms of familial parkinsonism, however, the molecular and cellular changes associated with dopaminergic dysfunction remains unknown. We now report fast depletion of evoked dopamine (DA) and altered maintenance of the axonal dopamine transporter (DAT) in the Synj1+/- neurons. While Synj1 has been traditionally known to facilitate the endocytosis of synaptic vesicles, we demonstrated that axons of cultured Synj1+/- neurons exhibit an increase of total DAT but a reduction of the surface DAT, which could be exacerbated by neuronal activity. We revealed that the loss of surface DAT is specifically associated with the impaired 5’-phosphatase activity of Synj1 and the hyperactive downstream PI(4,5)P2-PKCbeta pathway. Thus, our findings provided important mechanistic insight for Synj1-regulated DAT trafficking integral to dysfunctional DA signaling in early parkinsonism.
Pilot trial testing the effects of exercise on chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN) and the interoceptive brain system
Authors: Kleckner Ian R. , Manuweera Thushini , Lin Po-Ju , Chung Kaitlin H. , Kleckner Amber S. , Gewandter Jennifer S. , Culakova Eva , Tivarus Madalina E. , Dunne Richard F. , Loh Kah Poh , Mohile Nimish A. , Kesler Shelli R. , Mustian Karen M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN) is a prevalent, dose-limiting, tough-to-treat toxicity involving numbness, tingling, and pain in the extremities with enigmatic pathophysiology. This randomized controlled pilot study explored the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of exercise during chemotherapy on CIPN and the role of the interoceptive brain system, which processes bodily sensations.
Methods. Nineteen patients (65±11 years old, 52% women; cancer type: breast, gastrointestinal, multiple myeloma) starting neurotoxic chemotherapy were randomized to 12 weeks of exercise (home-based, individually tailored, moderate intensity, progressive walking and resistance training) or active control (nutrition education). At pre-, mid-, and post-intervention, we assessed CIPN symptoms (primary clinical outcome: CIPN-20), CIPN signs (tactile sensitivity using monofilaments), and physical function (leg strength). At pre- and post-intervention, we used task-free (“resting”) fMRI to assess functional connectivity in the interoceptive brain system, involving the salience and default mode networks.
Results. The study was feasible (74-89% complete data across measures) and acceptable (95% retention). We observed moderate/large beneficial effects of exercise on CIPN symptoms (CIPN-20, 0-100 scale: -7.9±5.7, effect size [ES]=-0.9 at mid-intervention; -4.8±7.3, -ES=0.5 at post-intervention), CIPN signs (ES=-1.0 and -0.1), and physical function (ES=0.4 and 0.3). Patients with worse CIPN after neurotoxic chemotherapy had lower functional connectivity within the default mode network (R2=40-60%) and higher functional connectivity within the salience network (R2=20-40%). Exercise tended to increase hypoconnectivity and decrease hyperconnectivity seen in CIPN (R2 = 12%).
Conclusion. Exercise during neurotoxic chemotherapy is feasible and may attenuate CIPN symptoms and signs, perhaps via changes in interoceptive brain circuitry. Future work should test for replication with larger samples. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03021174.
Hotspots and Trends in Research on clear aligner treatment: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis from 2000 to 2023
Authors: Shen Yining , Wang Rui , Zhou Yu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background There is a surge in research on clear aligner treatment (CAT) with its growing appeal and controversy. This study presents a bibliometric analysis and visualization of CAT based on the 100 most cited articles. Methods Time confined from January 1, 2000 to September 30, 2023, using Web of Science Core Collection(WoS-CC), PubMed and Embase database as the data source, a total of 100 articles with the highest citation frequency on CAT were retrieved, and the data were analyzed by bibliometrics with the help of VOSviewer and CiteSpace. A prediction of public concern was made with the help of Google Trends and Prophet algorithm. Results There has been an overall upward trend in the quantity of publications. Notably, two out of the 23 journals published most of the 100 articles, andProgress in Orthodonticshas the highest impact factor. In terms of countries, the United States, Italy and Germany were the main contributors. The University of Turin demonstrated the highest level of activity among institutions, while Castroflorio, Tommaso emerged as the author with the highest H-index. The majority of the articles were authored in collaboration. Key research hotspots in this area include tooth movement efficiency and accuracy, material stiffness and activation time, and oral health. Public concern like improving the capacity of doctors, retainer education and so on are worthy of attention. Conclusions This paper discusses the influential journals, countries, institutions and authors in this area, and explains the research hotspots through keyword analysis. It will serve as a valuable resource for researchers and professionals interested in CAT, providing insight into current research trends and potential future directions.
Exploring the Impact of Psychological and Social Factors on Metacognitive Beliefs: A Qualitative Analysis of Caregiving Experiences for Patients with Schizophrenia in Pakistan
Authors: Chaudhary Ghinasha , Asmat Alia , Malik Anam 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Metacognitive beliefs of caregivers influence the caregiving experiencing. The goal of this qualitative study is to understand the impact of psychological and social factors on metacognitive beliefs of caregivers of patients with schizophrenia by exploring into the perspectives of expert clinicians in Pakistan. Our investigation encompassed in-depth interviews with eight clinical experts comprising clinical psychologists (N = 4, possessing Higher Education Commission-recognized degrees) and psychiatrists (N = 4, certified by Pakistan Medical Commission). Collectively, these professionals possessed a wealth of knowledge exceeding five years experience in mental health profession. Thematic analysis of the transcribed interviews, conducted using NVIVO, revealed a comprehensive taxonomy of factors contributing to caregiving experiences. These encompassed catastrophic beliefs, cognitive deevaluation, cognitive flexibility, cognitive monitoring, cognitive self reliance, fixated attention, helpful metacognitive strategies, high expressed emotions, self blame and guit, unhelpful metacognitive strategies, financial burden, social avoidance and social stigma.
Systematic review of factors influencing human digestive microbiota in healthy adults and interactions between them
Authors: Pérez-Llano Begoña , Rodriguez Celia Medrano , Fraile Eduardo González 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction:
Human digestive microbiota is affected by a wide variety of different factors. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review that gathers and updates the information available about factors that affect human digestive microbiota in healthy adults older than 19 years. It is also reviewed the way to recover data about these factors in every study to know which of these factors are considered and if some type of interaction between them is studied.
Methods:
We systematically searched MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scielo, PROSPERO, and Cochrane databases for relevant articles on factors that affect human digestive microbiota. Two authors independently reviewed study eligibility and data extraction. Articles were classified based on the studied factor upon one of the following categories: diet, habits, environment, or chemical exposure.
Results:
41 of the articles included a questionnaire addressing factors affecting the human microbiota. We collected the data from the questionnaires used in these studies and analyzed the presence of data about diet, habits, environment, and exposition to chemicals.
Analysis of the studies indicates that the assessment of risk factors is often partial or focused on a specific aspect (diet, habits, environment, and chemicals). In addition, there are some factors relevant to the human digestive microbiota that are not being assessed (type of fermentation meals, UP foods consumption, vitamin D administration, snacking, intermittent fasting, the number of daily intakes, type of sport practiced, living with pets or working with another type of animals, type of transportation daily used, place of work, home cleaning habits, treatments with radiotherapy, immune suppressants, corticosteroids, and anovulatory).
Discussion:
Little is known about the impact of the combined interaction of possible risk factors (diet, habits, environment, and chemical exposure). Further studies are encouraged to evaluate more broadly the risk factors that may influence the diversity of the human digestive microbiota and their interactions.
Automatic Virtual Reduction of Unilateral Zygomatic Fractures Based on ICP Algorithm: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Liu Runqi , Jie Bimeng , Tong Yanhang , Wang Junchen , He Yang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective: To establish an automatic reduction method for unilateral zygomatic fractures based on Iterative Closes Point（ICP）algorithm.
Material and Methods: 60 patients with unilateral type B zygomatic fractures were included. After acquiring CT images, zygomatic fragments were segmented using self-developed software MICSys. Mid-Sagittal-Plane (MSP) was manually defined using anatomical skull landmarks. Surface of zygoma on the healthy side was then “mirrored” according to MSP. Referring to mirror model, the fragments were reduced by both automatic and manual methods. In automatic group, fragments were registered onto mirror models by ICP algorithm in MICSys. In manual group, an experienced maxillofacial surgeon translated and rotated fragments until coincided with mirror models. Operating time of each group was recorded. RMSE between reduced fragment and mirror image was calculated to evaluate accuracy. Operating time and accuracy between the two groups were compared using T-test.
Results: Virtual bone reduction was conducted for all 60 patients by the two methods. Operating time of automatic group and manual group were 3.06±1.93s and 65.45±32.19s, with significant difference (P<0.0001). RMSE of automatic group and manual group were 1.94±0.59mm and 2.33±0.57mm, with significant difference (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: Automatic reduction method based on ICP Algorithm for unilateral zygomatic fractures was initially established and clinically acceptable.
Geochemistry of Neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks from the Mai Kenetal-Werii area, northern Ethiopia: implications for provenance and tectonic setting
Authors: Molla Misgan , Alene Mulugeta , Sano Takashi , Mengesha Hayelom 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Mai Kenetal-Werii area in northern Ethiopia consists mainly of metavolcanics, metavolcanoclastics, and metasedimentary rocks. This study investigates the provenance and depositional setting of the low-grade metasedimentary rocks of the area using whole-rock geochemistry. The major and trace element compositions were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) pattern shows an increase in light REEs (LaN/SmN, 0.93–4.03; average 2.24), negligible negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu*, 0.68–1.11; average 0.85), and relatively flat heavy REEs (GdN/YbN, 0.47–2.30; average 1.4). The chemical indices, such as the chemical index of alteration, plagioclase index of alteration, and chemical index of weathering, as well as the ratios of K2O/Al2O3, Rb/Sr, Th/U, and the A-CN-K (Al2O3-(CaO*+Na2O)-K2O) ternary plot, indicate that the source area of the metasedimentary rocks has undergone moderate to intense chemical weathering. The ratios of Al2O3/TiO2, La/Sc, Th/Sc, La/Co, Th/Co, and Th/U, as well as the A-CN-K ternary plot, suggest that the protoliths of the metasedimentary rocks originated from a combination of mafic and felsic igneous sources. Additionally, the Th/Sc, Zr/Sc, and SiO2/Al2O3 ratios, along with the index of compositional variation, indicate that the metasedimentary rocks were derived from a mixture of immature mafic and felsic igneous sources, first-cycle sediments with minimal recycled components. The discrimination diagrams of La-Th-Sc and Th-Sc-Zr/10 suggest that the Mai Kenetal-Werii metasedimentary rocks were deposited in an oceanic island arc setting.
Human Papillomavirus Molecular Prevalence in South China and the Impact on Vaginal Microbiome
Authors: Wang Tingting , Li Weili , Cai Mingya , Wang Yufang , Huang Nan , Jiang Yancheng , Zhang Zhishan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background Genital HPV infection is a common public health issue that causes a huge burden with potential oncogenicities. The vaginal microbiome (VM) is associated with HPV infection and progression, but a thorough understanding of the relation between different types of HPV infection and VM needs to be elucidated.
Methods From August to December 2022, women who underwent routine gynecological examinations were screened for HPV infection. The distribution of HPV variants was recorded, and clinical characteristics were collected. Then, a total of 185 participants were enrolled and divided into HPV-negative (HC), high-risk HPV (H), low-risk HPV (L), and multiple HPV (M) groups. Samples were collected from the mid-vagina and sent for 16S rDNA sequencing (V3-V4 region).
Results A total of 712 women were HPV positive, with an average age of 39.34 ±13.3. The top 3 most frequently detected genotypes were HPV52, HPV58, and HPV16. The HPV-positive groups had significantly different diversity compared to the HC group (p=0.001). LEfSe analysis showed that g_Ochrobactrum might be a potential biomarker of the HC group, while g_Lactobacillus and g_Garderella might be that of the H group. L and M groups were characterized by g_Sneathia and g_Prevotella, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that Garderella was enriched in patients with cervical lesions.
Conclusion Different HPV infections had distinct vaginal microbiome features. This study might throw light on the association between vaginal microbiome and HPV infection, as well as the mechanisms of different genital HPV acquisition and progression, which may pave the way for novel therapy development.