bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity of Erwinia amylovora isolates from fire blight diseased trees in Central and Eastern Georgia
Authors: Sadunishvili Tinatin , Gaganidze Dali , Amashukeli Nanuli , Aznarashvili Mariam , Kharadze Shorena , Sturua Neli , Rezzonico Fabio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe genetic diversity of 52 Erwinia amylovora isolates from pome fruit trees with fire blight in Central and Eastern Georgia from the years 2020–2022 was examined using specific PCR and genotyping of CRISPR repeat regions 1 and 2. The analysis identified three distinct genotypes: (A, a, α), matching historical Western European strains; (A, z, α), distinctive for Georgia and differing by a three-spacer deletion in CRR2 (2034–2036); as well as novel genotype (A, ä, α), which was not observed previously. Genotypes (A, a, α) and (A, z, α) were found to coexist geographically in all four regions investigated, whereas genotype (A, ä, α) was reported only in one case in the region of Kvemo Kartli. On separate instances, multiple genotypes were detected even within the same orchard or tree, illustrating the complex genetic landscape of E. amylovora in the country.
The Lakehouse: State of the Art on Concepts and Technologies
Authors: Schneider Jan , Gröger Christoph , Lutsch Arnold , Schwarz Holger , Mitschang Bernhard 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the context of data analytics, so-called lakehouses refer to novel variants of data platforms that attempt to combine characteristics of data warehouses and data lakes. In this way, lakehouses promise to simplify enterprise analytics architectures, which often suffer from high operational costs, slow analytical processes and further shortcomings resulting from data replication. However, different views and notions on the lakehouse paradigm exist, which are commonly driven by individual technologies and varying analytical use cases. Therefore, it remains unclear what challenges lakehouses address, how they can be characterized and which technologies can be leveraged to implement them. This paper addresses these issues by providing an extensive overview of concepts and technologies that are related to the lakehouse paradigm and by outlining lakehouses as a distinct architectural approach for data platforms. Concepts and technologies from literature with regard to lakehouses are discussed, based on which a conceptual foundation for lakehouses is established. In addition, several popular technologies are evaluated regarding their suitability for the building of lakehouses. All findings are supported and demonstrated with the help of a representative analytics scenario. Typical challenges of conventional data platforms are identified, a new, sharper definition for lakehouses is proposed and technical requirements for lakehouses are derived. As part of an evaluation, these requirements are applied to several popular technologies, of which frameworks for data lakes turn out to be particularly helpful for the construction of lakehouses. Our work provides an overview of the state of the art and a conceptual foundation for the lakehouse paradigm, which can support future research.
Natural GmACO1 allelic variations confer drought tolerance and influence nodule formation in soybean
Authors: Zhang Zhifang , Ma Junkui , Yang Xia , Liang Shan , Liu Yucheng , Yuan Yaqin , Liang Qianjin , Shen Yanting , Zhou Guoan , Zhang Min , Tian Zhixi , Liu Shulin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSoybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is one of the most important, but a drought-sensitive, crops. Identifying the genes controlling drought tolerance is important in soybean breeding. Here, through a genome-wide association study, we identified one significant association locus, located on chromosome 8, which conferred drought tolerance variations in a natural soybean population. Allelic analysis and genetic validation demonstrated that GmACO1, encoding for a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase, was the causal gene in this association locus, and positively regulated drought tolerance in soybean. Meanwhile, we determined that GmACO1 expression was reduced after rhizobial infection, and that GmACO1 negatively regulated soybean nodule formation. Overall, our findings provide insights into soybean cultivars for future breeding.
Identification and functional characterization of fish IL-17 receptors suggest important roles in the response to nodavirus infection
Authors: González-Fernández Carmen , García-Álvarez Miguel A. , Cuesta Alberto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTh17 is a lymphocyte T helper (Th) subpopulation relevant in the control and regulation of the immune response characterized by the production of interleukin (IL)-17. This crucial cytokine family acts through their binding to the IL-17 receptors (IL-17R), having up to six members. Although the biology of fish Th17 is well-recognized, the molecular and functional characterization of IL-17 and IL-17R has been limited. Thus, our aim was to identify and characterize the IL-17R repertory and regulation in the two main Mediterranean cultured fish species, the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Our in silico results showed the clear identification of six members in each fish species, from IL-17RA to IL-17RE-like, with well-conserved gene structure and protein domains with their human orthologues. All of them showed wide and constitutive transcription in naïve tissues but with highest levels in mucosal tissues, namely skin, gill or intestine. In leucocytes, T mitogens showed the strongest up-regulation in most of the il17 receptors though il17ra resulted in inhibition by most stimulants. Interestingly, in vivo nodavirus infection resulted in alterations on the transcription of il17 receptors. While nodavirus infection led to some increments in the il17ra, il17rb, il17rc and il17rd transcripts in the susceptible European sea bass, many down-regulations were observed in the resistant gilthead seabream. Our data identify the presence and conservation of six coding IL-17R in gilthead seabream and European sea bass as well as their differential regulation in vitro and upon nodavirus infection.
Advanced Query Functionalities in Natural Logic Knowledge Bases
Authors: Andreasen Troels , Bulskov Henrik , Nilsson Jørgen Fischer 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNatural logics are formal logics characterized by expressions that bear a resemblance to simplified natural language sentences. The inherent readability of natural logics renders them suitable also for large knowledge bases. Within the realm of natural logics, the rules of logical proof are applicable directly to the sentences constructed using this framework. This direct application ensures explainability of query inferences. In the paper we describe a specific natural logic named NaturaLog, suited for ontology-structured knowledge bases. We outline how NaturaLog can be effectively implemented into a database system to facilitate deductive querying. The primary focus of this paper lies in exploring various query functionalities and elucidating methods to achieve these capabilities, also when dealing with large-scale knowledge bases.
VSEM-SAMMI: An Explainable Multimodal Learning Approach to Predict User-Generated Image Helpfulness and Product Sales
Authors: Sun Chengwen , Liu Feng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUsing user-generated content (UGC) is of utmost importance for e-commerce platforms to extract valuable commercial information. In this paper, we propose an explainable multimodal learning approach named the visual–semantic embedding model with a self-attention mechanism for multimodal interaction (VSEM-SAMMI) to predict user-generated image (UGI) helpfulness and product sales. Focusing on SHEIN (i.e. a fast-fashion retailer), we collect the images posted by consumers, along with product and portrait characteristics. Moreover, we use VSEM-SAMMI, which adopts a self-attention mechanism to enforce attention weights between image and text, to extract features from UGI then use machine learning algorithms to predict UGI helpfulness and product sales. We explain features using a caption generation model and test the predictive power of embeddings and portrait characteristics. The results indicate that when predicting commercial information, embeddings are more informative than product and portrait characteristics. Combining VSEM-SAMMI with light gradient boosting (LightGBM) yields a mean squared error (MSE) of 0.208 for UGI helpfulness prediction and 0.184 for product sales prediction. Our study offers valuable insights for e-commerce platforms, enhances feature extraction from UGI through image–text joint embeddings for UGI helpfulness and product sales prediction, and pioneers a caption generation model for interpreting image embeddings in the e-commerce domain.
Strategic underreporting and optimal deductible insurance
Authors: Cao Jingyi , Li Dongchen , Young Virginia R. , Zou Bin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a theoretical insurance model to explain well-documented loss underreporting and to study how strategic underreporting affects insurance demand. We consider a utility-maximizing insured who purchases a deductible insurance contract and follows a barrier strategy to decide whether she should report a loss. The insurer adopts a bonus-malus system with two rate classes, and the insured will move to or stay in the more expensive class if she reports a loss. First, we fix the insurance contract (deductibles) and obtain the equilibrium reporting strategy in semi-closed form. A key result is that the equilibrium barriers in both rate classes are strictly greater than the corresponding deductibles, provided that the insured economically prefers the less expensive rate class, thereby offering a theoretical explanation to underreporting. Second, we study an optimal deductible insurance problem in which the insured strategically underreports losses to maximize her utility. We find that the equilibrium deductibles are strictly positive, suggesting that full insurance, often assumed in related literature, is not optimal. Moreover, in equilibrium, the insured underreports a positive amount of her loss. Finally, we examine how underreporting affects the insurer’s expected profit.
Back to the future: a belated history of ‘new’ science in the Ottoman Empire
Authors: Yıldırım Duygu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWhat happens when fragmentary and too much information is flowing across the world? This article sketches the emergence of one such informational flow through the ubiquitous concept of ‘new medicine’ in the seventeenth-century Ottoman Empire in a historiographical corrective. Rather than presenting it as a unified category, I argue that Ottoman physicians used ‘new’ as a loose, multivalent and discursive term whose potentiality lay in its malleability for future use. Ready to bear any contingent meaning at a certain point in the future, the ‘new’ became a strategic tool to cope with the uncertainties evoked by early modern globalization and local epistemic crisis. It also helped Ottoman scholars and physicians develop a tentative design for how much information, and of what sort, was just enough for the learned and laypeople to know during precarious times. I further discuss the fact that since the Ottoman motivation for the usage of the notion of the ‘new’ is without a decisive motive, it still haunts our historiographical debates about what was truly new about Ottoman science.
A multi-center validation of the electronic health record admission source and discharge location fields against the clinical notes for identifying inpatients with long-term care facility exposure
Authors: Goodman Katherine E. , Taneja Monica , Magder Laurence S. , Klein Eili Y. , Sutherland Mark , Sorongon Scott , Tamma Pranita D. , Resnik Philip , Harris Anthony D. 
Published: April 2024

SummaryIdentifying long-term care facility (LTCF)-exposed inpatients is important for infection control research and practice, but ascertaining LTCF exposure is challenging. Across a large validation study, electronic health record data fields identified 76% of LTCF-exposed patients compared to manual chart review.
GENERIC EXPANSIONS OF GEOMETRIC THEORIES
Authors: JALILI SOMAYE , POURMAHDIAN MASSOUD , TAVANA NAZANIN ROSHANDEL 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
As a continuation of ideas initiated in [19], we study bi-colored (generic) expansions of geometric theories in the style of the Fraïssé–Hrushovski construction method. Here we examine that the properties

$NTP_{2}$

, strongness,

$NSOP_{1}$

, and simplicity can be transferred to the expansions. As a consequence, while the corresponding bi-colored expansion of a red non-principal ultraproduct of p-adic fields is

$NTP_{2}$

, the expansion of algebraically closed fields with generic automorphism is a simple theory. Furthermore, these theories are strong with

$\operatorname {\mathrm {bdn}}(\text {"}x=x\text {"})=(\aleph _0)_{-}$

.
ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOUR FOR PRODUCTS OF CONSECUTIVE PARTIAL QUOTIENTS IN CONTINUED FRACTIONS
Authors: CHEN XIAO , FANG LULU , LI JUNJIE , SHANG LEI , ZENG XIN 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLet
$[a_1(x),a_2(x),a_3(x),\ldots ]$
be the continued fraction expansion of an irrational number
$x\in [0,1)$
. We are concerned with the asymptotic behaviour of the product of consecutive partial quotients of x. We prove that, for Lebesgue almost all
$x\in [0,1)$
,
$$ \begin{align*} \liminf_{n \to \infty} \frac{\log (a_n(x)a_{n+1}(x))}{\log n} = 0\quad \text{and}\quad \limsup_{n \to \infty} \frac{\log (a_n(x)a_{n+1}(x))}{\log n}=1. \end{align*} $$
We also study the Baire category and the Hausdorff dimension of the set of points for which the above liminf and limsup have other different values and similarly analyse the weighted product of consecutive partial quotients.
Evolution of household availability of added sugars and their sources in Brazil: analysis of Household Budget Surveys from 2002 to 2017
Authors: Canella Daniela Silva , Louzada Maria Laura da Costa , Oliveira Natália , Azevedo Ana Beatriz Coelho de , Levy Renata Bertazzi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe objective of this study was to describe the evolution of household purchase of added sugars and their main food sources in Brazil. Nationally representative data from the Household Budget Surveys from 2002–2003, 2008–2009 and 2017–2018 were used. Energy and added sugar quantities were estimated by means of per capita food quantities. The items considered as food sources were: (1) table sugar: refined sugar and other energetic sweeteners and (2) processed and ultra-processed foods with added sugar: soft drinks; other drinks; sweets, candies and chocolates; cookies; cakes and pies and other foods. The parameters estimated were: mean share of added sugar in total energy and, for food sources, the share of added sugar in total sugar intake and the impact of variations in sources of added sugar between 2008 and 2017. There was a regular share of energy from added sugar to total energy intake between 2002 and 2008 but a reduced share in 2017. Between 2008 and 2017, there was a decrease in the share of refined sugar and other sweeteners and soft drinks to total sugar intake and an increased share of all other items. High-income households had a lower share of refined sugar and other energetic sweeteners, but a higher share of soft drinks, sweets, candies and chocolates. The decrease in added sugar in 2017 was mainly due to the lower share of soft drinks. In conclusion, Brazilians’ total intake of added sugar was decreased, mostly owing to reduced consumption of sugar from soft drinks.
Twenty four-hour passive heat and cold exposures did not modify energy intake and appetite but strongly modify food reward
Authors: Coca Maxime , Besançon Louis , Erblang Mégane , Bourdon Stéphanie , Gruel Arnaud , Lepetit Benoît , Beauchamps Vincent , Tavard Blandine , Oustric Pauline , Finlayson Graham S. , Thivel David , Malgoyre Alexandra , Tardo-Dino Pierre-Emmanuel , Bourrilhon Cyprien , Charlot Keyne 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEffects of acute thermal exposures on appetite appear hypothetical in reason of very heterogeneous methodologies. The aim of this study was therefore to clearly define the effects of passive 24-h cold (16°C) and heat (32°C) exposures on appetitive responses compared with a thermoneutral condition (24°C). Twenty-three healthy, young and active male participants realised three sessions (from 13.00) in a laboratory conceived like an apartment dressed with the same outfit (Clo = 1). Three meals composed of three or four cold or warm dishes were served ad libitum to assess energy intake (EI). Leeds Food Preference Questionnaires were used before each meal to assess food reward. Subjective appetite was regularly assessed, and levels of appetitive hormones (acylated ghrelin, glucagon-like peptite-1, leptin and peptide YY) were assessed before and after the last meal (lunch). Contrary to the literature, total EI was not modified by cold or heat exposure (P = 0·120). Accordingly, hunger scores (P = 0·554) were not altered. Levels of acylated ghrelin and leptin were marginally higher during the 16 (P = 0·032) and 32°C (P < 0·023) sessions, respectively. Interestingly, implicit wanting for cold and low-fat foods at 32°C and for warm and high-fat foods at 16°C were increased during the whole exposure (P < 0·024). Moreover, cold entrées were more consumed at 32°C (P < 0·062) and warm main dishes more consumed at 16°C (P < 0·025). Thus, passive cold and hot exposures had limited effects on appetite, and it seems that offering some choice based on food temperature may help individuals to express their specific food preferences and maintain EI.
Par-delà l'obligation d'exploiter le territoire : Autodétermination des communautés locales et transition énergétique au Québec
Authors: Gosselin-Tapp Jérôme , Jean Frédérique , Mossu Sacha-Emmanuel , Bédard Léonard 
Published: April 2024

RésuméCet article propose une analyse du contexte québécois, actuellement marqué par une prolifération des titres miniers visant des minéraux critiques. Nous examinons la thèse selon laquelle nous aurions une obligation morale d'exploiter le territoire en vue de la transition énergétique. Selon cette idée mise de l'avant notamment par l'industrie minière et le gouvernement provincial québécois, l'opposition des communautés locales à l’égard des projets miniers serait un cas de « NIMBY ». Pour répondre à cette accusation, cet article propose une réflexion sur le rapport qu'entretiennent les communautés politiques avec le territoire à partir des travaux de Margaret Moore, de Cara Nine, et d'intuitions provenant de la Green Legal Theory. Cet article conclut en un droit prima facie des communautés locales de ne pas exploiter les minéraux critiques sur leur territoire.
COMPARING COMPARATIVE LAW: PERSPECTIVES FROM THAILAND
Authors: Reekie Surutchada , Reekie Adam 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article conducts an analytical review of the works of three prominent Thai comparative law professors: Professor Preedee Kasemsup, Professor Phijaisakdi Horayangkura and Professor Sanunkorn Sotthibandhu. Although influential in Thailand, their works are mostly in Thai and therefore have received little academic attention outside the kingdom. The authors argue that the works of these scholars have the potential to shine new light on comparative law theory and bring voices from the Global South to add fresh perspectives and contexts to a discipline dominated by scholars from the Global North. Moreover, this examination highlights the challenges that comparative law faces in freeing itself from this hegemony when using internally developed concepts and modes of questioning.
Understanding, experience and attitudes towards artificial intelligence technologies for clinical decision support in hearing health: a mixed-methods survey of healthcare professionals in the UK
Authors: Oremule Babatunde , Saunders Gabrielle H , Kluk Karolina , d'Elia Alexander , Bruce Iain A 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesClinician acceptance influences technology adoption, but UK health professionals' attitudes towards artificial intelligence (AI) in hearing healthcare are unclear. This study aimed to address this knowledge gap.MethodsAn online survey, based on the Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys, was distributed to audiologists, ENT specialists and general practitioners. The survey collected quantitative and qualitative data on demographics and attitudes to AI in hearing healthcare.ResultsNinety-three participants (mean age 39 years, 56 per cent female) from three professional groups (21 audiologists, 24 ENT specialists and 48 general practitioners) responded. They acknowledged AI's benefits, emphasised the importance of the clinician–patient relationship, and stressed the need for proper training and ethical considerations to ensure successful AI integration in hearing healthcare.ConclusionThis study provides valuable insights into UK healthcare professionals' attitudes towards AI in hearing health and highlights the need for further research to address specific concerns and uncertainties surrounding AI integration in hearing healthcare.
Predictors of psychosocial adaptation in children with CHD
Authors: Metelski Jessica L. , Allen Kiona Y. , Barrera L. , Heffernan M. , Hinkle Clayton D. , Parikh Pooja , Foster Carolyn C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSurvival of CHD has significantly improved, but children with CHD remain susceptible to neurodevelopmental and psychosocial impairments. Our goal was to investigate the association between socio-demographic factors and psychosocial adaptation for future intervention. A retrospective cross-sectional study of an independent children’s hospital’s records was conducted. Psychosocial adaptation was measured by the Pediatric Cardiac Quality of Life Inventory Psychosocial Impact score (range 0–50, higher score indicates greater psychosocial adaptation). Bivariate and regression analyses were performed to estimate relationships between Psychosocial Impact score and socio-demographic variables including Child Opportunity Index, family support, financial support, academic support, and extracurricular activities. A total of 159 patients were included. Compared to patients in high opportunity neighbourhoods, patients in low opportunity neighbourhoods had a 9.27 (95% confidence interval [−17.15, −1.40], p = 0.021) point lower Psychosocial Impact score, whereas patients in moderate opportunity neighbourhoods had a 15.30 (95% confidence interval [−25.38, −5.22], p = 0.003) point lower Psychosocial Impact score. Compared to patients with adequate family support, those with limited support had a 6.23 point (95% confidence interval [−11.82, −0.643], p = 0.029) lower Psychosocial Impact score. Patients in moderate opportunity neighbourhoods had a higher Psychosocial Impact score by 11.80 (95% confidence interval [1.68, 21.91], p = 0.022) when they also had adequate family support compared to those with limited family support. Our findings indicate that among children with CHD, psychosocial adaptation is significantly impacted by neighbourhood resources and family support structures. These findings identify possible modifiable and protective factors to improve psychosocial adaptation in this vulnerable population.