bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Rhodamine‐and‐Naphthalimide Based Dual‐chromophore for Fast and Sensitive Detection of Nerve‐agent Mimic and Real Nerve Agents
Authors: Wang Rongxin , Liu Shanshan , Wang Xubin , Qin Molin , Yan Zhen , Qiao Min , Ding Liping , Kong Jinglin , Fang Yu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFor the sake of public safety and citizen health, the development of efficient and portable detection devices to nerve agents is critical. In this investigation, a naphthalimide‐rhodamine based dual‐chromophore, RNI−P, was synthesized and applied to detect nerve‐agent mimic diethyl chlorophosphate (DCP) and real nerve agents. The probe exhibits inherently weak fluorescence due to the PET processes from both piperazine and rhodamine units to the naphthalimide unit. It shows rapid fluorescence enhancement to DCP in aqueous solution, demonstrating exceptional sensitivity and selectivity. Furthermore, the probe‐inked paper strip can also rapidly respond to DCP vapor when integrated into a lab‐made portable sensing platform. The detection limit to DCP vapor can be as low as 130 ppb. Most notably, the probe is capable of quickly and effectively detecting real nerve agents such as sarin and soman in aqueous solution, highlighting its significant potential for practical use. The turn‐on responses are attributed to the prohibition of PET processes through protonation of the probe. This study reveals that not only the usual nucleophilic groups but also a second fluorophore can cause effective PET process to the core chromophore and empowers the probe with strong potential for efficient detection of nerve agents.
Maternal Separation Exhibits a Sex Dimorphism in Memory Impairments in Adolescent Rats: Acute Methylphenidate Administration as a Treatment
Authors: Borzadaran Fatemeh Mohtashami , Rezakhani Soheila , Kamali Reyhaneh , Esmaeilpour Khadijeh 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionRodents are highly dependent on maternal care after birth. Disturbing mother and pup interactions leads to detrimental alternations for the rat and the mother. Maternal separation (MS) is an accepted model for investigating disruption of mother and pup relationship. In addition to other detrimental effects, MS is a model known to induce permanent changes in learning and memory. Methylphenidate has been effective in memory enhancement in individuals suffering from memory deficits, attention‐deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD), as well as healthy subjects for better performance in exams.Material and MethodsIn this research, a 21‐day separation for 3 h was implemented, and the effects of MS on spatial and passive avoidance learning, and memory were evaluated in the mid‐adolescence period of rats, in both males and females. Also, a drug intervention of a high therapeutic dose of 5 mg per kg was used in a five‐day period in different control and MS groups. Morris water maze was utilized for spatial learning and memory analysis, and a shuttle box paradigm was used for passive avoidance learning and memory.ResultsThrough our behavioral tests, we have shown that MS can alter spatial learning and memory in males. On the other hand, females are protected from the detrimental effects of MS on spatial learning and memory. Furthermore, passive avoidance learning was not different among groups, be it male or female. However, in the case of memory evaluation in the passive avoidance test, the male did not exhibit a significant difference in step‐through latency. However, maternally separated females had poor performance in the memory phase with shorter step‐through latencies.ConclusionMethylphenidate compensated for the deleterious effects of MS on learning and spatial memory for the male group and passive avoidance memory in the female group at the behavioral level.
A Bias‐Corrected Bayesian Nonparametric Model for Combining Studies With Varying Quality in Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Verde Pablo Emilio , Rosner Gary L. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBayesian nonparametric (BNP) approaches for meta‐analysis have been developed to relax distributional assumptions and handle the heterogeneity of random effects distributions. These models account for possible clustering and multimodality of the random effects distribution. However, when we combine studies of varying quality, the resulting posterior is not only a combination of the results of interest but also factors threatening the integrity of the studies' results. We refer to these factors as the studies' internal validity biases (e.g., reporting bias, data quality, and patient selection bias). In this paper, we introduce a new meta‐analysis model called the bias‐corrected Bayesian nonparametric (BC‐BNP) model, which aims to automatically correct for internal validity bias in meta‐analysis by only using the reported effects and their standard errors. The BC‐BNP model is based on a mixture of a parametric random effects distribution, which represents the model of interest, and a BNP model for the bias component. This model relaxes the parametric assumptions of the bias distribution of the model introduced by Verde. Using simulated data sets, we evaluate the BC‐BNP model and illustrate its applications with two real case studies. Our results show several potential advantages of the BC‐BNP model: (1) It can detect bias when present while producing results similar to a simple normal–normal random effects model when bias is absent. (2) Relaxing the parametric assumptions of the bias component does not affect the model of interest and yields consistent results with the model of Verde. (3) In some applications, a BNP model of bias offers a better understanding of the studies' biases by clustering studies with similar biases. We implemented the BC‐BNP model in the R package jarbes, facilitating its practical application.
Mediation Analysis With Exposure–Mediator Interaction and Covariate Measurement Error Under the Additive Hazards Model
Authors: Yan Ying , Shen Lingzhu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCausal mediation analysis is a useful tool to examine how an exposure variable causally affects an outcome variable through an intermediate variable. In recent years, there is increasing research interest in mediation analysis with survival data. The existing literature usually requires accurate measurements of the mediator and the confounders, which is infeasible in many biomedical and social science studies. Ignoring measurement errors may lead to misleading inference results. Furthermore, the current identification results of causal effects under the additive hazards model are limited to the scenario with no exposure–mediator interaction, which can be unappealing in mediation analysis. In this paper, we derive the identification results of direct and indirect effects under the additive hazards model in the presence of exposure–mediator interaction. Furthermore, we propose a corrected approach to adjust for the impact of measurement error in the mediator and the confounders and obtain consistent estimations of the direct and indirect effects. The performance of the proposed method is studied in simulation studies and a real data study.
Identification of Chemical Constituents and Rat Metabolites of Jianpihuazhuotiaozhi Granule by Ultra‐High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Quadrupole‐Time‐of‐Flight Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Hao Guo‐Dong , Li Zhi‐Qiang , Wang Yu‐Wei , Fang Yuan‐Ying , Li Zhi‐Feng , Wang Qi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTJianpihuazhuotiaozhi granules (JPHZTZ) are traditional Chinese medicine formula. An analytical method using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry was established to characterize the chemical constituents of JPHZTZ and determine its metabolic profile in rat urine and plasma after oral administration. A total of 220 compounds were identified in JPHZTZ extract, including 61 flavonoids, 16 alkaloids, 53 organic acids, 31 terpenoids, and 59 other compounds. Among these compounds, 11 were tentatively identified by comparing the retention times and mass spectral data with the corresponding reference standards and the literature; the other 209 components were tentatively identified based on their mass spectra alone. After the oral administration of JPHZTZ extract to rats, 13 prototypes and 54 metabolites were identified or tentatively characterized based on their retention time and mass spectra. The primary in vivo metabolic reactions that occurred after the administration of JPHZTZ extract included glucuronidation, sulfation, hydroxylation, and methylation. The 13 prototypes and 54 metabolites were identified in rat urine and plasma and were confirmed to be the potential active ingredients of JPHZTZ. Our findings provide a starting point for the further elucidation of the mechanism of action of JPHZTZ.
Stability‐Indicating RP‐HPLC Method Development and Validation for the Quantification of Fluphenazine Tablets in Solid Oral Dosage Form
Authors: Myneni Rama Krishna , Divadari Hareesh , Kasa Srinivasulu , Kamireddy Teja , Sambu Pranitha , Lankalapalli Prasanna Kumar , Chollety Vijaykumar 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe present manuscript discusses the development of simple, rapid, specific, precision, accuracy stability indicating HPLC method for the analysis of fluphenazine tablets dosage form. The chromatographic separation was achieved using 0.02‐M phosphate buffer (pH 3.0) and adjusted with orthophosphoric acid solution as a buffer. We mixed buffer, methanol, and acetonitrile in the ratio of 500:300:200 (v/v/v) as the mobile phase. The detection of component was made at 254 nm for fluphenazine hydrochloride. We evaluated stress studies under different types of ICH conditions. The optimized HPLC method was validated as per the current ICH guidelines. The validated HPLC method was obtained highly specific with linearity ranging between 2.5 and 120 μg/mL of fluphenazine HCl and the correlation coefficient for the drug > 0.999. The method showed more than 97% accuracy. In stress studies, the fluphenazine HCl was found to be sensitive in photolytic stress conditions and oxidation stress condition. It is a typical antipsychotic drug and used for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The method was found to be suitable for the quality control of fluphenazine hydrochloride in the tablet as well as in stability‐indicating studies. The method was applied to analyze stability samples.
A UHPLC–MS/MS Method Reveals the Pharmacokinetics of Deacetyl Asperulosidic Acid Methyl Ester in Rats
Authors: Guan Huida , Chen Jian , Yin Hao , Feng Xia , Liu Chang , Liu Shanshan , Li Jiacheng , Li Jingchu , Cao Yongbing , Ma Chao 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn the current study, a simple ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and fully validated for the quantitation of deacetyl asperulosidic acid methyl ester in rat plasma. The plasma sample was precipitated with acetonitrile and then separated on the Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column. The mobile phases, water and acetonitrile, were added with 0.1% formic acid. The mass spectrometry detection was performed in negative‐ion multiple reaction monitoring. In the range of 1–1000 ng/mL, the linearity meets the requirements with correlation coefficient more than 0.99. The parameters of accuracy, precision, carryover, matrix effect, extraction recovery, stability, and dilution integrity are within accepted ranges. The validated method has been successfully used for pharmacokinetic study of deacetyl asperulosidic acid methyl ester in rats. After oral administration, deacetyl asperulosidic acid methyl ester was quickly absorbed into blood and reached the maximum plasma drug concentration of 4047.49 ng/mL at 2 h. The half‐life of deacetyl asperulosidic acid methyl ester is 5.6 h, which suggests that it has a moderate metabolic process. Since the absolute bioavailability of deacetyl asperulosidic acid methyl ester is only 3.74%, its gastrointestinal stability, first‐pass effect, and transmembrane properties remain to be studied.
A Validated Headspace Gas Chromatographic Method for the Determination of Ethyl Alcohol in Food Supplements
Authors: Sel Sedat , Aslan Serap Saglik 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTFood supplements are defined as products containing nutritional elements such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and herbal components that cannot be taken in adequate amounts with normal nutrition. Ethyl alcohol (EtOH) is used in the production and standardization of some food supplements. Even a little MeOH can cause serious health problems in EtOH. Authorized institutions issuing halal product certificates consider foods containing more than 1% alcohol to be haram. In this study, new, reliable, sensitive, and fast GC‐FID and HS GC‐FID methods were developed, validated, and compared to determine the amount of EtOH and MeOH that can be found in food supplements. Chromatographic separation was performed with DB‐WAX (30 m × 0.32 mm × 0.5 μm) and TC‐WAX (30 m × 0.32 mm × 0.5 μm) in the GC‐FID and HS GCFID methods, respectively. Oven temperature program that increased 5°C/min from 80°C to 100°C in 40:1 split condition was used. The calibration range is 0.002–0.1 g/dL. LOD and LOQ values are found as 0.00036 and 0.00050 g/dL and 0.0011 and 0.0015 g/dL for EtOH and 0.00050 and 0.00060 g/dL and 0.0015 and 0.0019 g/dL for MeOH by GC‐FID and HS GC‐FID methods, respectively. The developed and validated methods were applied to different food supplements commercially sold in the market with the label containing alcohol but not containing alcohol percentage and one food supplement with the label alcohol‐free. The developed and validated GC‐FID and HS GC‐FID methods can be used in the determination of EtOH and MeOH in food supplements.
Determination of Pesticide Residues in Ectoparasiticide‐Impregnated Collars Using Ultrasound‐Assisted Extraction and Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Gomes Pricília Santos Pereira , Santos Luís Fabrício Santana , Navickiene Sandro 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTEctoparasiticide‐impregnated collars are used on dogs and cats to control zoonoses, acting as repellents and/or killing vectors. The contact of animals or people with pesticides can cause intoxication, so ectoparasiticide‐impregnated collars may be a potentially important source of these compounds. The aim of this work was to develop a method for the determination of propoxur, dichlorvos, diazinon, chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, and flumethrin in commercial ectoparasiticide‐impregnated collars, using ultrasound‐assisted extraction and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The total ultrasound extraction time was 45 min, resulting in recovery values between 40 ± 6% and 103 ± 8%, in the concentration range from 0.005 to 1.0 mg L−1. Under optimal conditions, good linearity and sensitivity were obtained in the concentration range from 0.005 to 5.0 mg L−1 with coefficients of determination above 0.99. The relative standard deviations for triplicate determinations were lower than 24%, and the limits of detection and quantification were in the ranges 0.013–1.36 and 0.036–4.13 mg kg−1, respectively. The proposed method was applied in the analysis of a commercial collar, after its expiry date, and flumethrin residues were found.
LGZGD for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine With Modern Research Evidence—A Letter to the Editor
Authors: Wei Lien‐Chung , Chiu Hsien‐Jane 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis letter responds to recent research on Lingguizhugan decoction (LGZGD) in treating gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). While acknowledging the significance of their findings regarding PI3K‐AKT pathway modulation and oxidative stress reduction, we suggest expanding future research directions. We highlight the importance of incorporating animal models alongside cell studies, considering multiple mechanistic pathways, and integrating traditional Chinese medicine approaches with modern research methodologies. Recent studies on natural antioxidants and traditional Chinese medicines in GDM treatment provide supporting evidence for these recommendations. These perspectives aim to enhance understanding of LGZGD's therapeutic potential and contribute to developing more effective GDM treatments.
Chemical Characterization of Alphitonia neocaledonica (Schltr.) Guillaumin Bark Extract and Its Anti‐Inflammatory Activities
Authors: Huet Karl , Georgel Philippe , Nour Mohammed , Haddad Mohamed , Hnawia Edouard , Matsui Mariko 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAlphitonia neocaledonica (Schltr.) Guillaumin is a small forest tree endemic of New Caledonia traditionally used to treat rheumatic pain and dermatoses. Very few studies described biological activities and phytochemical composition of this plant. This study aims to investigate the anti‐inflammatory and anti‐gout activities of A. neocaledonica bark extract (ANBE) and its chemical composition. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA)‐differentiated THP‐1 macrophages and LPS/monosodium urate (MSU)‐treated THP‐1 model reproducing gout in vitro were used. Chemical analyses were undertaken using liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS) approaches. Dose‐dependent inhibitory effects of ANBE on inflammatory cytokines interleukin‐(IL‐)1β, IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) were observed. Inhibition of LPS/MSU‐dependent IL‐1β at 1 and 10 µg/mL was also reported. Chemical analyses by LC–HRMS allowed us to putatively identify some features such as epigallocatechin, iridoid‐ and flavonoid‐glycosides, oligopeptides, and triterpenoids in ANBE. These results provide some cues in favor of traditional uses of ANBE and support the need of further bioactivities and chemical investigations.
Genotype, Environment, and Heavy Metals: Variability of the Content of Elements in 40 Potato Varieties From Central‐Eastern Poland
Authors: Sawicka Barbara , Pszczółkowski Piotr , Messaoudi Mohammed , Skiba Dominika , Barbaś Piotr , Krochmal‐Marczak Barbara , Noaema Ali Hulail 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the accumulation of toxic heavy metals (HMs)—cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and strontium (Sr)—in potato tubers grown under diverse meteorological and soil conditions in Central‐Eastern Poland. Conducted from 2021 to 2023 at the Variety Assessment Experimental Station in Uhnin on light acidic soil, the field experiment employed a randomized block design with three replications. Forty potato cultivars of varying maturity were evaluated, with agronomic practices adhering to GAP and uniform fertilization applied. Potato tubers were exposed to thermal neutron flux for 2 h. Gamma radiation detection was conducted using a high‐purity germanium (HPGe) detector cooled with liquid nitrogen to enhance resolution. The study highlights significant phenotypic variability in HM accumulation, influenced by genetic, environmental, and genotype × environment interaction factors. Results showed substantial effects of cultivar, year, and their interactions, with varieties (V) accounting for 8.7%–36.2% of the variance, environmental factors (Y) contributing 41.2%–82.2%, and genotype × environment interactions (V × Y) ranging from 5.5% to 46.7%. Year‐to‐year variability was most pronounced for lead, whereas nickel showed the least variability. Soil pH and humus played a key role in shaping the bioavailability and accumulation of metals in potato tubers.
Pt(II) Complexes Showing Multicolor Emissions from Nanoparticles in Solution and Reversible Grinding‐ and Heating‐Induced Luminescence Switching in Solid State
Authors: Lv Xin‐Tong , Zheng Dong , Wan Fu‐Shun , Liu Yi‐Lei , Guo Zi‐Hao , Cao Deng‐Ke , Yang Xiao‐Liang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTo well understand luminescence modulation of Pt(II) complexes by inter‐molecular interactions, three platinum complexes [Pt(moppy)Cl(L)] have been synthesized (Scheme 1) through incorporating the same C^N ligand moppyH=2‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)pyridine, while different auxillary ligands L: SEt2 in 1, iccy=isocyanocyclohexane in 2, and icna=isocyanonaphthalene in 3. Crystal structures indicate that neighbouring molecules are connected through π⋅⋅⋅π interactions, forming supramolecular dimer structures in both 1 and 2, while supramolecular chain structure in 3. In a CH3CN‐H2O mixed solvent, complexes 1–3 reveal enhanced luminescence due to nanoparticle formation. Upon increasing water fraction from 0 % to 90 %, complex 1 exhibits increasing green luminescence with two broad emissions at 450 and 516 nm. In contrast, both 2 and 3 show multicolour emissions, transiting from blue to yellow‐green for 2, and from blue green to orange red for 3. Moreover, complex 3 exhibits reversible luminescence switching between on state with orange‐red emission and off state upon alternately grinding and heating. In this paper, we discuss the influences of molecular structures and inter‐molecular π⋅⋅⋅π and Pt−Pt interactions on luminescence behaviours of complexes 1–3.
Amine‐Imine Tautomeric Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer in Metal‐Organic Frameworks: Alcohol and Anion Recognition
Authors: Mahato Bidyadhar , Dinda Susanta , Maiti Anupam , Kumar Rakesh , Ghoshal Debajyoti 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTo study the amine‐imine tautomeric alteration through excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), three amine‐functionalized metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have been synthesized by using two different metal ions and neutral linkers along with same ESIPT‐enable anionic linker through the slow diffusion process. All the MOFs have 2D structure with asymmetric units of {[Mn(2,6‐dip)(2‐atp)](H2O)(CH3OH)}n (1), {[Mn(3,5‐dip)(2‐atp)](solvent)x}n (2) and {Zn2(3,5‐dip)2(2‐atp)(μ2‐O2−)](solvent)x}n (3) (where 2,6‐dip=2,6‐di(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)pyridine, 3,5‐dip=3,5‐di(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)pyridine, 2‐atp=2‐amino terephthalic acid). The 2D networks of desolvated form of compound 1, 2, and 3 show water influencing proton transfer for amine‐imine tautomerism in excited state through the ionic interaction with water molecules to the frameworks. However, in case of polar small chain aliphatic alcohols like methanol, ethanol and isopropanol; the compounds do not show any dual emissive ESIPT but exhibit three different intensified single peaks for each of the compounds. This different emission intensity in presence of different alcohols are helpful to detect these alcohols selectively. In addition to that in case of all three compounds, the water assisted‐ESIPT is interrupted by some strong oxidizing agents like CrO42−, Cr2O72− and MnO4− ions. This phenomenon allows the method of detection for the aforesaid oxidizing ions in water by interruption of the dual emissive fluorescence.
Charge‐Segregated Ion‐Pairing Assemblies Comprising Dipolar π‐Electronic Cations
Authors: Yamasumi Kazuhisa , Horita Hiroki , Haketa Yohei , Seki Shu , Bulgarevich Kirill , Takimiya Kazuo , Shimogawa Hiroyuki , Maeda Hiromitsu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTwo pentamethine dyes with nearly identical structures but slightly different dipole moments were prepared as ion pairs. The ion pairs provided charge‐segregated assemblies stabilized by dipole–dipole interactions between the positively charged π‐electronic systems. The stacking structure of the bromo‐substituted pentamethine cation was more stabilized by a larger dipole moment, as suggested by energy decomposition analysis. Depending on the packing arrangements, highly electric conductive properties were observed owing to charge‐segregated structures, as also correlated with the theoretically estimated transfer integrals.