bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of pamidronate disodium to reduce cholecalciferol-induced toxicosis in dogs
Authors: Rumbeiha Wilson K. , Fitzgerald Scott D. , Kruger John M. , Braselton W. E. , Nachreiner Raymond , Kaneene John B. , Frese Kris K. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine whether pamidronate disodium can reduce cholecalciferol-induced toxicosis in a dose-related manner.Animals—20 clinically normal, 8- to 12-month-old male Beagles.Procedure—All dogs were given 8 mg of cholecalciferol (CCF)/kg of body weight once orally, then were randomly assigned to 4 groups of 5 dogs each. Dogs were treated with IV administration of 0.9% NaCl solution (SC group), 0.65 mg of pamidronate/kg in 0.9% NaCl solution (LP group), 1.3 mg of pamidronate/kg in 0.9% NaCl solution (MP group), or 2.0 mg of pamidronate/kg in 0.9% NaCl solution (HP group) on days 1 and 4 after administration of CCF. Dogs were observed for 14 days, and serial blood samples were collected for serum biochemical, electrolyte, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3analyses. Urine samples were collected for determination of specific gravity. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was determined by plasma iohexol clearance. Histologic examination of renal tissue was performed.Results—One dog in the SC group was euthanatized 3 days after administration of CCF because of severe clinical signs of toxicosis. Dogs in the HP group had significantly higher mean GFR (day 3), serum potassium concentrations (day 14), and urine specific gravity (days 7 and 14) and significantly lower mean serum creatinine concentrations and total calcium × phosphorus concentration product (days 4 and 7) than dogs in the SC group. Dogs in the HP group had no abnormal findings on histologic examination of renal tissue, dogs in the LP and MP groups had trace to mild mineralization of renal tissue, and dogs in the SC group had moderate mineralization and cellular necrosis of proximal renal tubules.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Pamidronate disodium is a potentially useful drug to reduce CCFinduced toxicosis and other causes of hypercalcemia associated with increased bone resorption in dogs. (Am J Vet Res2000;61:9–13)
Molecular epidemioloic analysis of Mycobacterium bovis isolates from Mexico
Authors: Milian-Suazo Feliciano , Salman M. D. , Black IV William C. , Triantis Joni M. , Ramirez Carolina , Payeur Janet B. , Torres Melaine C. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To assess phylogenetic relationships
among Mycobacterium bovis isolates by use of random
amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain
reaction (RAPD-PCR) fingerprinting and to relate genetic
profiles of isolates to epidemiologic characteristics.

Animals—400 cattle with tuberculosis.

Procedure—Mycobacterium bovis was isolated from
various organs of cattle slaughtered in 6 geographic
regions of Mexico. Most cattle were adult Holsteins
from large herds that did not participate in a tuberculosis
control program. Four random primers and 2
selected primers were used in RAPD-PCR fingerprinting
of 88 isolates. Pairwise genetic distance between
isolates was obtained and subjected to cluster analysis
with bootstrapping to test for levels of support.

Results—98 different fragments were obtained; there
was broad genetic diversity among isolates, and each
isolate had a unique RAPD-genotype, including those
originating from the same herd. Clustering by geographic
location, affected organ, or severity of lesion
was not detected. Linkage disequilibrium analysis suggested
that M bovis was highly clonal and that mutations
develop at a rapid rate among isolates.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Use of RAPDPCR
could not differentiate M bovis isolates by epidemiologic
characteristics or identify common
sources of infection. (Am J Vet Res 2000;61:90–95)
Serum feline trypsin-like immunoreactivity following administration of ceruletide to healthy cats
Authors: Spillmann Thomas , Jacob Ines , Steiner Jörg M. , Williams David A. , Failing Klaus 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine changes in serum feline trypsin-like immunoreactivity (fTLI) in response to administration of ceruletide to healthy cats.Animals—11 healthy cats.Procedures—Serum fTLI was determined, using a radioimmunoassay, before and 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 minutes after IM administration of ceruletide (0.3 mg/kg [0.14 mg/lb]).Results—Mean ± SD baseline serum fTLI was 23.1 ± 4.1 mg/L. There was a statistically significant, but clinically unimportant, increase in serum fTLI 10 and 30 minutes after ceruletide administration.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—In healthy cats, administration of ceruletide induced a statistically significant, but clinically unimportant, increase in serum fTLI. Whether responses in cats with exocrine pancreatic disorders would be different is unknown, but results suggest that a ceruletide stimulation test would likely not be useful for differentiating between healthy cats and cats with subclinical chronic exocrine pancreatic disorders. (Am J Vet Res2000;61:925–927)
Prevalence of papillomatous digital dermatitis among culled adult cattle in the southeastern United States
Authors: Brown Corrie C. , Kilgo Patrick D. , Jacobsen Karen L. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine prevalence of papillomatous digital dermatitis (PDD) among culled adult dairy and beef cattle in the southeastern United States.Animals—815 cattle examined during 4 visits to a slaughterhouse.Procedure—The left hind foot of each animal was examined for gross lesions of PDD. Breed and sex of the animals were recorded. Lesions were examined histologically for pathologic changes and bacteria, especially spirochetes.Results—22 of 76 (29%) dairy cattle and 29 of 739 (4%) beef cattle had gross lesions of PDD. Detection of lesions was not associated with sex of dairy cattle, but male beef cattle were more likely to have lesions of PDD than were female beef cattle. Histologically, acute and chronic lesions were seen; the most severe changes were localized to the stratum corneum. Spirochetes were seen in lesions from 31 of 51 (61%) cattle.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that PDD is common among culled adult cattle. Prevalence was higher in culled adult dairy cattle than in culled adult beef cattle. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2000;217:928–930)
Pharmacokinetics and cardiopulmonary effects of fentanyl in isoflurane-anesthetized rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Valverde Celia R. , Mama Khursheed R. , Kollias-Baker Cynthia , Steffey Eugene P. , Baggot J. Desmond 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine pharmacokinetics and selected cardiopulmonary effects of fentanyl in isoflurane-anesthetized rhesus monkeys.Animals—6 adult male rhesus monkeys.Procedure—Fentanyl (8 mg/kg of body weight, IV) was administered to 6 monkeys anesthetized with isoflurane. End-tidal isoflurane concentration and esophageal temperature were kept constant, and ventilation was mechanically assisted. Heart rate, rhythm, aortic blood pressure, and blood pH, gas, and fentanyl concentrations were determined before and for 8 hours after administration of fentanyl. Pharmacokinetics of fentanyl were derived by use of noncompartmental methods based on statistical moment theory.Results—Heart rate and mean arterial pressure decreased transiently following fentanyl administration. Maximal decreases were observed 5 to 15 minutes after administration. Arterial pH, PaCO2, and PaO2ranged from 7.46 ± 0.04 to 7.51 ± 0.05 units, 29.2 ± 3 to 34.6 ± 4.4 mm Hg, and 412.6 ± 105.3 to 482.9 ± 71.2 mm Hg, respectively. The clearance, volume of distribution area, volume of distribution steady state, mean residence time, area under the curve, elimination rate constant, and half-life were 32.5 ± 2.48 ml/kg/min, 9.04 ± 1.91 L/kg, 7.0 ± 1.2 L/kg, 218.5 ± 35.5 min, 0.247 ± 0.019 mg/ml/min, 0.004 ± 0.001/min, and 192.0 ± 33.5 min, respectively.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Transient but potentially clinically important decreases in heart rate and mean arterial pressure were observed following fentanyl administration. Distribution and clearance data were similar to those reported for dogs and humans. (Am J Vet Res2000;61:931–934)
Effects of clomipramine hydrochloride on heart rate and rhythm in healthy dogs
Authors: Pouchelon Jean-Louis , Martel Eric , Champeroux Pascal , Richard Serge , King Jonathan N. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine the effects of clomipramine hydrochloride on heart rate and rhythm in dogs.Animals—17 healthy Beagles.Procedures—In experiment 1, 8 dogs received placebo or clomipramine (20 mg/kg of body weight, q 24 h, PO) for 7 days in a 2-way crossover design. In experiment 2, 9 dogs were evaluated for 48 hours before and 24 hours after oral administration of clomipramine (4 or 12 mg/kg) in a 2-way crossover design. Electrocardiogram and heart rate were monitored continuously by use of telemetry.Results—A significant diurnal rhythm in heart rate was detected; minimum values were recorded at night. Administration of 20 mg of clomipramine/kg induced a significant reduction in heart rate, with peak effect achieved approximately 12 hours after dosing. Administration of 4 or 12 mg of clomipramine/kg did not result in significant changes in heart rate. Sinoatrial and second-degree atrioventricular block and ventricular escape beats were observed during periods of slow heart rate in more dogs that received clomipramine (3 to 4 of 8 dogs), compared with dogs that received placebo (1 to 2 of 8 dogs), but this difference was not significant.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Short-term administration of clomipramine induced benign cardiovascular effects in dogs rather than the potentially dangerous arrhythmias or tachycardia reported following administration of tricyclic antidepressants to humans. Precautions regarding cardiovascular effects may not be needed for the use of clomipramine in healthy dogs. (Am J Vet Res2000;61:960–964)
Effect of cimetidine on pharmacokinetics of orally administered cyclosporine in healthy dogs
Authors: Daigle Jenise Coyne , Hosgood Giselle , Foil Carol S. , Hunter Robert P. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To describe the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine (CyA) in healthy dogs after oral administration alone or in combination with orally administered cimetidine.Animals—10 healthy adult Beagles.Procedure—Dogs were randomly assigned to receive CyA alone or CyA in combination with cimetidine. After a washout period of 2 weeks, dogs then received the alternate treatment. The CyA plus cimetidine treatment required administration of cimetidine (15 mg/kg of body weight, PO, q 8 h) for 8 days and administration of CyA (5 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h) on days 6 through 8. The CyA treatment alone required administration of CyA (5 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h) for 3 days. On the third day of CyA administration during each treatment, blood samples were collected immediately before (time 0) and 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 21, and 24 hours after initiating CyA administration.Results—Time until maximum CyA concentration was significantly longer for CyA in combination with cimetidine. Assessment of estimated pharmacokinetic variables revealed a significantly faster rate of change in the distribution phase for CyA in combination with cimetidine. Maximum CyA concentration differed significantly among dogs but did not differ significantly between treatments.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Analysis of our data suggests that cimetidine may affect absorption of orally administered CyA, but overall, it does not affect the pharmacokinetics of CyA. There is considerable variability in the maximum concentration of CyA among dogs, and monitoring of blood concentrations of CyA during treatment is advised. (Am J Vet Res2001;62:1046–1050)
Uptake of β-carotene by ovarian and uterine tissues and effects on steroidogenesis during the estrous cycle in cats
Authors: Chew Boon P. , Weng Brian B. C. , Kim Hong Wook , Wong Teri S. , Park Jean Soon , Lepine Allan J. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objectives—To determine uptake of β-carotene by
ovarian and uterine tissues and influence of dietary β-
carotene on steroidogenesis and production of uterine
protein during the estrous cycle in cats.

Animals—56 female cats.

Procedure—Cats were fed diets containing 0, 0.4, 2,
or 10 mg of β-carotene daily for 8 weeks prior to
detection of estrus. At time of observed estrus, all
cats were manually induced to ovulate. Blood samples
were obtained at estrus and every 2 days until
day 14 after ovulation. On that day, cats underment
laparotomy, and the ovaries and uterus were
removed. Uterine contents were flushed, and luteal
and endometrial tissues were obtained.

Results—Concentrations of β-carotene in plasma and
luteal and endometrial tissues increased in a dosedependent
manner. Concentrations of plasma progesterone
were higher between days 6 and 10 after
ovulation in cats fed diets containing β-carotene and
continued to increase through day 14 after ovulation
in cats fed a diet containing 10 mg of β-carotene.
Plasma concentration of estradiol-17β also was higher
between days 0 and 4 after ovulation in cats fed
diets containing β-carotene. Cats fed a diet containing
10 mg of β-carotene had the highest plasma estradiol
concentration. Total uterine protein concentration
was higher in cats fed β-carotene, compared with values
for cats fed an unsupplemented diet.

Conclusion and Clinical Relevance—Cats readily
absorb β-carotene. Increased concentrations of progesterone,
estradiol, and uterine protein may provide
more optimal ovarian function or a better uterine environment
for embryonic survival and development.
(Am J Vet Res 2001;62:1063–1067)
Comparison of medetomidine and dexmedetomidine as premedicants in dogs undergoing propofol-isoflurane anesthesia
Authors: Kuusela Erja , Raekallio Marja , Väisänen Misse , Mykkänen Katja , Ropponen Hannu , Vainio Outi 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To compare 3 dose levels of medetomidine and dexmedetomidine for use as premedicants in dogs undergoing propofol-isoflurane anesthesia.Animals—6 healthy Beagles.Procedure—Dogs received medetomidine or dexmedetomidine intravenously at the following dose levels: 0.4 µg of medetomidine or 0.2 µg of dexmedetomidine/kg of body weight (M0.4/D0.2), 4.0 µg of medetomidine or 2.0 µg of dexmedetomidine/ kg (M4/D2), and 40 µg of medetomidine or 20 µg of dexmedetomidine/kg (M40/D20). Sedation and analgesia were scored before induction. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane. End-tidal isoflurane concentration, heart rate, and arterial blood pressures and gases were measured.Results—Degrees of sedation and analgesia were significantly affected by dose level but not drug. Combined mean end-tidal isoflurane concentration for all dose levels was higher in dogs that received medetomidine, compared with dexmedetomidine. Recovery time was significantly prolonged in dogs treated at the M40/D20 dose level, compared with the other dose levels. After induction, blood pressure decreased below reference range and heart rate increased in dogs treated at the M0.4/D0.2 dose level, whereas blood pressure was preserved in dogs treated at the M40/D20 dose level. However, dogs in these latter groups developed profound bradycardia and mild metabolic acidosis during anesthesia. Treatment at the M4/D2 dose level resulted in more stable cardiovascular effects, compared with the other dose levels. In addition, PaCO2was similar among dose levels.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Dexmedetomidine is at least as safe and effective as medetomidine for use as a premedicant in dogs undergoing propofol-isoflurane anesthesia. (Am J Vet Res2001;62:1073–1080)
Thyroid function testing in Greyhounds
Authors: Gaughan Kathy R. , Bruyette David S. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate thyroid function in healthy Greyhounds, compared with healthy non-Greyhound pet dogs, and to establish appropriate reference range values for Greyhounds.Animals—98 clinically normal Greyhounds and 19 clinically normal non-Greyhounds.Procedures—Greyhounds were in 2 groups as follows: those receiving testosterone for estrus suppression (T-group Greyhounds) and those not receiving estrus suppressive medication (NT-group Greyhounds). Serum thyroxine (T4) and free thyroxine (fT4) concentrations were determined before and after administration of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH). Basal serum canine thyroid stimulating hormone (cTSH) concentrations were determined on available stored sera.Results—Basal serum T4 and fT4 concentrations were significantly lower in Greyhounds than in non- Greyhounds. Serum T4 concentrations after TSH and TRH administration were significantly lower in Greyhounds than in non-Greyhounds. Serum fT4 concentrations after TSH and TRH administration were significantly lower in NT-group than T-group Greyhounds and non-Greyhounds. Mean cTSH concentrations were not different between Greyhounds and non-Greyhounds.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Previously established canine reference range values for basal serum T4 and fT4 may not be appropriate for use in Greyhounds. Greyhound-specific reference range values for basal serum T4 and fT4 concentrations should be applied when evaluating thyroid function in Greyhounds. Basal cTSH concentrations in Greyhounds are similar to non-Greyhound pet dogs. (Am J Vet Res2001;62:1130–1133)
Detection of shared antigenic determinants on whole Moraxella bovis pili by use of antisera to cyanogen bromide-cleaved M bovis pilus protein
Authors: Greene Wallace H. , Grubbs Steven T. , Potgieter L. N. D. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine the ability of antisera against cyanogen bromide-cleaved pili from 4 strains ofMoraxella bovisto react with whole or nondenatured pili.Sample Population—Antisera to 4 strains ofM bovisproduced by New Zealand White rabbits.Procedure—Pili from 4 strains ofM boviswere collected and purified. Pilus proteins (pilin) were cleaved, using cyanogen bromide. Whole pilus and cyanogen bromide-cleaved pilin were injected into rabbits. Antisera were serially diluted, reacted with 4 strains ofM bovis, and examined by immunoelectron microscopy and indirect immunofluorescence.Results—Antisera to whole pili aggregated and distorted pili from homologous strains, but pili from heterologous strains were unaffected. Antisera to cleaved pilin fragments resulted in partial aggregation and thickening of homologous and heterologous pili, suggestive of heterospecific antibodies. Attachment of antibodies to pili was detected by indirect immunofluorescence, indicating a strong reaction of antisera to whole pili with homologous pili. Weak cross-reactions were evident with certain heterologous strains. In contrast, antisera to cleaved pilin fragments reacted strongly with pili from homologous and heterologous strains.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—We detected shared antigenic determinants on pili from various strains ofM bovisthat were not immunogenic in intact pili. These sites were immunogenic after cleavage of pilus protein with cyanogen bromide, and antisera produced to protein fragments reacted with whole pili from heterologous strains of the organism. Vaccines produced from cyanogen bromide-treated pili may induce broader immunity against infectious bovine keratoconjuctivitis than that provided by currently available vaccines. (Am J Vet Res2001;62:1279–1284)
Effect of repetitive bronchoalveolar lavage on cytologic findings in healthy dogs
Authors: Rajamäki Minna M. , Järvinen Anna-Kaisa , Saari Seppo A. M. , Maisi Päivi S. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine reference values for cytologic examination results of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and to investigate effects of repeated lavages on pulmonary health and on results of cytologic examination of BALF in dogs.Animals—16 healthy adult Beagles.Procedure—All dogs underwent pulmonary lavage to obtain BALF. Eleven dogs were repeatedly lavaged 6 times at 5– to 7–week intervals. Analyses for total and differential cell counts and for viability of cells before and after cell processing were performed. Arterial blood gas analysis before and after bronchoalveolar lavage was used to study the safety of the lavage procedure. Histologic and radiologic examinations were used to study effects of repeated lavages on pulmonary health.Results—Mean (± SD) cell count was 104 ± 69 cells/µl, comprising 75 ± 7% alveolar macrophages, 13 ± 6% lymphocytes, 5 ± 4% neutrophils, 4 ± 5% eosinophils, 2 ± 2% mast cells, 0.6 ± 0.7% epithelial cells, and 0.3 ± 0.4% plasma cells. Centrifugation of samples and washing of cells caused significant cell loss (59 ± 13%). Repeated lavages did not cause significant variations in cell counts of BALF or results of arterial blood gas analysis, thoracic radiography, or histologic examination of pulmonary specimens. Only a moderate, although significant, decrease in arterial oxygen content was observed after bronchoalveolar lavage.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Analysis indicated that several lavages performed at 5– to 7–week intervals can safely and reliably be used to study the kinetics of pathologic processes in pulmonary tissues or for evaluation of therapeutic efficacy. (Am J Vet Res2001;62:13–16)
Voluntary limb-load distribution in horses with acute and chronic laminitis
Authors: Hood David M. , Wagner Ilka P. , Taylor Danny D. , Brumbaugh Gordon W. , Chaffin M. Keith 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objectives—To compare limb-load distribution
between horses with and without acute or chronic
laminitis.

Animals—10 horses with carbohydrate-induced
acute laminitis, 20 horses with naturally occurring
chronic laminitis, and 20 horses without foot abnormalities
(controls).

Procedures—Limb-load distribution was determined,
using a custom-designed system that allowed simultaneous
quantification of the mean percentage of
body weight voluntarily placed on each limb (ie, mean
limb load) and the SD of the mean load over a 5-
minute period (ie, load distribution profile [LDP]). Load
distribution profile was used as an index of frequency
of load redistribution.

Results—Mean loads on fore- and hind limbs in control
horses were 58 and 42%, respectively, and loads
were equally and normally distributed between left
and right limbs. In addition, forelimb LDP was greater,
compared with hind limbs, and was affected by head
and neck movement. In comparison, limb-load distribution
in horses with chronic laminitis was characterized
by an increase in the preferential loading of a
forelimb, a decrease in total forelimb load, and an
increase in LDP that was correlated with severity of
lameness. In horses with carbohydrate-induced acute
laminitis, mean limb loads after onset of lameness
were not different from those prior to lameness; however,
LDP was significantly decreased after onset of
lameness.

Conclusion and Clinical Relevance—Quantification
of limb-load distribution may be an applicable screening
method for detecting acute laminitis, grading
severity of lameness, and monitoring rehabilitation of
horses with chronic laminitis. (Am J Vet Res 2001;
62:1393–1398)