bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of matrix metalloproteinase‐3 is altered at the frog neuromuscular junction following changes in synaptic activity
Authors: VanSaun M. , Humburg B.C. , Arnett M.G. , Pence M. , Werle M.J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe extracellular matrix surrounding the neuromuscular junction is a highly specialized and dynamic structure. Matrix metalloproteinases are enzymes that sculpt the extracellular matrix. Since synaptic activity is critical to the structure and function of this synapse, we investigated whether changes in synaptic activity levels could alter the activity of Matrix Metalloproteinases at the neuromuscular junction. In particular, we focused on Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3), since antibodies to MMP3 recognize molecules at the frog neuromuscular junction, and MMP3 cleaves a number of synaptic basal lamina molecules, including agrin. Here we show that the fluorogenic compound (M2300) can be used to perform in vivo proteolytic imaging of the frog neuromuscular junction to directly measure the activity state of MMP3. Application of this compound reveals that active MMP3 is concentrated at the normal frog neuromuscular junction, and is tightly associated with the terminal Schwann cell. Blocking presynaptic activity via denervation, or TTX nerve blockade, results in a decreased level of active MMP3 at the neuromuscular junction. The loss of active MMP3 at the neuromuscular junction in denervated muscles can result from decreased activation of pro‐MMP3, or it could result from increased inhibition of MMP3. These results support the hypothesis that changes in synaptic activity can alter the level of active MMP3 at the neuromuscular junction. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2007
Applicability of analysis method for electromagnetic field radiated from UTP cable in the UHF band using 4‐port network
Authors: Fujiishi Shuji , Tamaki Hiroto , Ishida Yasuhiro , Kuwabara Nobuo 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWhen communication signals are transmitted at high speed on balanced cable (UTP cable), signals may leak from the cable and affect the reception of wireless signals. To evaluate this effect, the radiated electromagnetic field from the balanced cable is measured by using a 4‐port network at 300 MHz or less. Although this method has the advantage that it can be used to analyze line constants, it is not clear whether it can be applied in an analysis at a frequency greater than 300 MHz. In this paper, the authors investigate the applicability of this method at frequencies up to 1 GHz. As a result, they discuss a method of using a 4‐port network to represent telecommunication equipment for increasing precision and a balun for simulating this equipment and also discuss the dependency of this method on the number of subdivisions of one twist of the cable. From the results of actually evaluating the radiated electromagnetic field by using a 3‐meter length of UTP cable, it was apparent that this analysis method using a 4‐port network was effective for obtaining the trends exhibited by the characteristics of the radiated electromagnetic field at up to 1 GHz by obtaining the 4‐port network parameters of the terminal equipment parts and dividing one twist of the cable into 80 parts. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 90(11): 25–35, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecja.20391
Analysis of Au/Si Schottky barrier type AC surface photovoltage in silicon wafer surface dipped into Au aqueous solution
Authors: Omori Eri , Shimizu Hirofumi , Ikeda Masanori 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe state of a gold (Au)‐contaminated silicon (Si) surface dipped in an aqueous solution, with a standard Au solution, was investigated using the alternating current surface photovoltage (AC SPV) method [1, 2]. On a Au‐contaminated n‐type Si wafer surface, frequency‐dependent AC SPV was observed and it was shown that the n‐type Si surface was in a depleted or weakly inverted state. The cutoff frequency was found from the AC SPV frequency dependence curve of the Au‐contaminated n‐type Si wafer and an analysis of the Si surface potential was performed. With those results, the band diagram of the Au/n‐type Si Schottky contact was found and a Schottky barrier height ΦB was calculated as 0.73 to 0.76 eV. This value is close to the reported value ΦB=0.79 eV and supports the formation of a Au/n‐type Si Schottky barrier. From these results, a model for AC SPV occurrence is proposed in which the n‐type Si surface is weakly inverted with the formation of a Au/n‐type Si Schottky barrier. Meanwhile, in a Au‐contaminated p‐type Si wafer, the measured voltage was the noise level of the measurement device and indicates a low surface potential. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 90(6): 27–33, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjb.20308
Semiconductor‐based 2D photonic crystal slab waveguides for ultrafast all‐optical switches: PC‐SMZ
Authors: Sugimoto Yoshimasa , Ishikawa Hiroshi , Asakawa Kiyoshi 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe have developed a new symmetric Mach– Zehnder all‐optical switch (PC‐SMZ) that combines a two‐dimensional photonic crystal slab waveguide (PCWG) with a quantum dot (QD) as an optical nonlinear medium. With the PCWG we fabricated wavelength‐selective directional couplers and other kinds of waveguide parts in a 600‐µm‐long PC‐SMZ. At a wavelength of 1.3 µm, we achieved switching operations with rise/fall time of 2 ps and switching operation windows of 15 ps. In addition, in a 500‐µm‐long optical nonlinear waveguide with an embedded QD, we confirmed the occurrence of a nonlinear phase change µ shift using an extremely small optical control energy of 100 fJ. This result has opened the way toward integration of various devices that incorporate PCs and QDs, and realization of devices capable of new performance. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 90(6): 18– 26, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjb.20315
Yb‐indiffused LiNbO3 annealed/proton‐exchanged waveguide lasers
Authors: Fujimura Masatoshi , Tsuchimoto Hidekazu , Suhara Toshiaki 
Published: May 2007

AbstractFor realization of new functionalities and exploration of application areas for LiNbO3 optical waveguide devices, rare earth element doped LiNbO3 waveguide lasers have been studied. The authors have proposed a waveguide laser using ytterbium (Yb) as the rare earth element and an annealed/proton‐exchanged waveguide as the optical waveguide. In the present research, various characteristics of the Yb:LiNbO3 needed for design and fabrication of the devices were measured. A waveguide laser was designed and fabricated and CW laser oscillation was accomplished with an Yb:LiNbO3 waveguide laser. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 90(6): 10–17, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience. wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjb.20340
An Ab Initio Study of Substituent Effects on the Electrocyclization of Silyloxyazadienes
Authors: Bongini Alessandro , Xia Zhining , Panunzio Mauro 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe electrocyclization of 4‐substituted 3‐silyloxy‐2‐azadienes to β‐lactams was studied at the MP2/6‐31G* level of theory and the effect of the substituents on the reactivity of the azadiene and on the stereochemistry of the cyclic products was evaluated. It was shown that the electrocyclization is favoured when the substituent in 4‐position is in the (Z) configuration and discloses an electron‐donor effect. The cyclization reactions generally lead to trans β‐lactams, but with a basic substituent cis β‐lactams are obtained as well.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Synthesis of Polyhydroxylated Pyrano‐Pyrrole Derivatives from Carbohydrate Precursors
Authors: Naud Sébastien , Pipelier Muriel , Viault Guillaume , Adjou Ané , Huet François , Legoupy Stéphanie , Aubertin Anne‐Marie , Evain Michel , Dubreuil Didier 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe efficient synthesis of novel polyhydroxy‐tetrahydropyrano‐pyrroles from acetylenic carbohydrate precursors in three to four steps is described. The methodology involves, as key steps, the ring contraction of pyridazine intermediates obtained by an inverse‐demand Diels–Alder reaction and subsequent intramolecular lactonization. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Asymmetric Diels–Alder Cycloaddition of 1‐Aminocyclohexadiene to Chiral Acrylate: Synthesis of Enantiopure Bridgehead‐Aminobicyclo[2.2.2]octane‐2‐carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Songis Olivier , Didierjean Claude , Laurent Camille , Martinez Jean , Calmès Monique 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe acrylate derivative of the (R)‐4‐(3‐hydroxy‐4,4‐dimethyl‐2‐oxopyrrolidin‐1‐yl)benzoic acid benzyl ester (R)‐2 reacted with 1‐(benzyloxycarbonylamino)cyclohexadiene 3 under microwave irradation in solvent‐free conditions to yield [4+2] cycloadducts in good yields (91 %). The reaction proceeded with moderate endo selectivity (67 %) and good facial selectivity (90 %). The major cycloadducts were isolated and transformed to afford three enantiopure bicyclic β‐amino acids: (1S,2R,4R)‐1‐(benzyloxycarbonylamino)bicyclo[2.2.2]oct‐5‐ene‐2‐carboxylic acid [(1S,2R,4R)‐4], (1R,2R,4S)‐1‐(benzyloxycarbonylamino)bicyclo[2.2.2]oct‐5‐ene‐2‐carboxylic acid [(1R,2R,4S)‐5] and (R)‐1‐aminobicyclo[2.2.2]octane‐2‐carboxylic acid [(R)‐6]. This work has led to the preparation of these enantiopure bicyclic β‐amino acids and provides a rare example of an asymmetric Diels–Alder reaction by microwave activation. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Transplantation of Schwann cells and/or olfactory ensheathing glia into the contused spinal cord: Survival, migration, axon association, and functional recovery
Authors: Pearse Damien D. , Sanchez Andre R. , Pereira Francisco C. , Andrade Christian M. , Puzis Raisa , Pressman Yelena , Golden Kevin , Kitay Brandon M. , Blits Bas , Wood Patrick M. , Bunge Mary Bartlett 
Published: May 2007

AbstractSchwann cells (SCs) and olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG) have shown promise for spinal cord injury repair. We sought their in vivo identification following transplantation into the contused adult rat spinal cord at 1 week post‐injury by: (i) DNA in situ hybridization (ISH) with a Y‐chromosome specific probe to identify male transplants in female rats and (ii) lentiviral vector‐mediated expression of EGFP. Survival, migration, and axon‐glia association were quantified from 3 days to 9 weeks post‐transplantation. At 3 weeks after transplantation into the lesion, a 60–90% loss of grafted cells was observed. OEG‐only grafts survived very poorly within the lesion (<5%); injection outside the lesion led to a 60% survival rate, implying that the injury milieu was hostile to transplanted cells and or prevented their proliferation. At later times post‐grafting, p75+/EGFP− cells in the lesion outnumbered EGFP+ cells in all paradigms, evidence of significant host SC infiltration. SCs and OEG injected into the injury failed to migrate from the lesion. Injection of OEG outside of the injury resulted in their migration into the SC‐injected injury site, not via normal‐appearing host tissue but along the pia or via the central canal. In all paradigms, host axons were seen in association with or ensheathed by transplanted glia. Numerous myelinated axons were found within regions of grafted SCs but not OEG. The current study details the temporal survival, migration, axon association of SCs and OEG, and functional recovery after grafting into the contused spinal cord, research previously complicated due to a lack of quality, long‐term markers for cell tracking in vivo. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Altered functional connectivity of primary visual cortex in early blindness
Authors: Yu Chunshui , Liu Yong , Li Jun , Zhou Yuan , Wang Kun , Tian Lixia , Qin Wen , Jiang Tianzi , Li Kuncheng 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn early blindness, the primary visual area (PVA) loses the ability to process visual information, and shifts to working on the processing of somatosensory input, auditory input, and some higher‐level cognitive functions. It has not yet been investigated whether such functional changes can lead to alterations of the functional connectivity between the PVA and other brain areas in resting state. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in the functional connectivity of the PVA between early blind and sighted subjects using resting functional MRI data. The altered functional connectivity was identified by comparing the correlation coefficients of the PVA with other brain areas between 16 early blind subjects (blindness onset within 1 year of age) and 32 gender‐ and age‐matched healthy sighted volunteers. Compared with the sighted, the early blind subjects showed decreased functional connectivity between the left PVA and the bilateral supplementary motor area (SMA), pre‐ and postcentral gyri, superior parietal lobule, and the left superior and middle temporal gyri. Early blind subjects also showed decreased functional connectivity between the right PVA and the bilateral SMA, pre‐ and postcentral gyri. Our findings suggest that early deprivation of a single sensory modality induces alterations of functional connectivity between the deprived functional area and other associated brain areas. Hum Brain Mapp, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cortical topography of human first dorsal interroseus during individuated and nonindividuated grip tasks
Authors: Reilly Karen T. , Mercier Catherine 
Published: May 2007

AbstractNeural activity in the motor cortex and its descending projections is modulated in a task‐related manner. Several TMS studies have shown that when normal human subjects execute different manual tasks requiring similar contraction levels in first dorsal interroseous (FDI) there is a task‐related modulation of the amplitude of FDI motor evoked potentials (MEPs). Not all studies of task‐related changes show the same pattern of results, however. One reason for this might be methodological. Studies have assessed task‐related changes by stimulating a single site, which can provide information about task‐related changes in the excitability of the cortex at that site, but which is not sensitive to excitability changes throughout the muscle's cortical representation. We investigated how the execution of an individuated versus a nonindividuated isometric grasping task affected the excitability of FDI's entire cortical representation. We examined FDI MEP amplitudes while subjects grasped an object between their thumb and index finger, or when they grasped the same object between their thumb and all four fingers, keeping the background level of EMG in FDI constant for the two tasks. We found no overall task‐related change in the excitability of FDI or its cortical topography, possibly due to behavioral differences of individual subjects. The stability of FDI's cortical representation during two different manual tasks expands the possibilities for studying cortical reorganization in the context of active muscle contraction, which will enable us to better understand whether changes in the motor system observed when muscles are at rest are also present during voluntary muscle recruitment. Hum Brain Mapp, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ultrasound‐guided core‐needle biopsy in the diagnosis of head and neck masses: Indications, technique, and results
Authors: Pfeiffer Jens , Kayser Gian , Technau‐Ihling Katja , Boedeker Carsten Christof , Ridder Gerd Jürgen 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBackground.Unclear cervicofacial masses are common presentations that often require tissue sampling to guide therapy. While open biopsy is invasive, fine‐needle aspiration cytology includes a high rate of nondiagnostic samples.Methods.A retrospective analysis on 181 core‐needle biopsies in 88 patients was performed to determine the diagnostic efficacy of ultrasound‐guided core‐needle biopsies in the head and neck.Results.We experienced 100% success in obtaining high‐quality histopathologic specimens. The target tissue was correctly sampled in 80 of 88 patients. In these patients the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy rate of core‐needle biopsies in differentiating benign from malignant cervicofacial lesions was 98.1%, 100%, and 98.8%, respectively.Conclusions.Ultrasound‐guided core‐needle biopsies can be recommended as a safe and reliable technique in the diagnosis of cervicofacial masses with a high diagnostic yield. It obtains tissue samples of high quality and represents a sufficient alternative to open biopsy even in the diagnosis of lymphoma. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 2007
Is galectin‐3 a good method for the detection of malignancy in patients with thyroid nodules and a cytologic diagnosis of “follicular neoplasm”? A critical appraisal of the evidence
Authors: Sanabria Alvaro , Carvalho André Lopes , Piana de Andrade Victor , Pablo Rodrigo Juan , Vartanian José Guilherme , Rinaldo Alessandra , Kazuo Ikeda Mauro , Devaney Kenneth Owen , Magrin José , Augusto Soares Fernando , Ferlito Alfio , Paulo Kowalski Luiz 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBackground.Thyroid nodules are the most common surgical disease of the thyroid. Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is the most commonly employed tool for establishing a diagnosis. However, 15% to 25% of FNAB reports yield inconclusive results. Immunostaining of cytological smears from FNAB with galectin‐3 has been proposed as a tool for differentiating between benign and malignant nodules. We performed a systematic review to evaluate the utility of galectin‐3.Methods.Prospective studies of nodules with FNAB reports of “follicular neoplasm” and with a definitive diagnosis confirmed by histopathology were selected. Calculations of individual sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios were made.Results.The articles selected were those with the best methodological quality.Conclusion.Galectin‐3 could be a good tool to guide therapeutic decision in patients with thyroid nodules and FNAB results of follicular neoplasm, but available information has methodological flaws that precludes a definitive answer about galectin‐3 utility in the clinical setting. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 2007
Overestimation and underestimation of hepatitis C virus RNA levels in a widely used real-time polymerase chain reaction–based method
Authors: Chevaliez Stéphane , Bouvier-Alias Magali , Brillet Rozenn , Pawlotsky Jean-Michel 
Published: May 2007

Abstract

The quantification of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA is essential for the everyday management of chronic hepatitis C therapy. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques are potentially more sensitive than classical PCR techniques, are not prone to carryover contamination, and have a consistently wider dynamic range of quantification. Thus, they are rapidly replacing other technologies for the routine quantification of HCV RNA. We extensively evaluated the intrinsic characteristics and clinical performance of Cobas Ampliprep/Cobas TaqMan (CAP/CTM), the most widely used real-time PCR assay for HCV RNA quantification. This study shows that CAP/CTM is sensitive, specific, precise, and reproducible and has a broad dynamic range of quantification well suited to HCV RNA monitoring in clinical practice. However, we identified 2 technical issues that will have an impact in clinical practice. First, the CAP/CTM assay overestimates HCV RNA levels in undiluted patient samples by approximately 0.6 log10 international units per milliliter on average, and this overestimation increases with the viral load. Second, the CAP/CTM assay substantially underestimates HCV RNA levels in approximately 15% of genotype 2 samples and 30% of genotype 4 samples, probably because of mismatches with the target sequences due to the primer and/or probe design.

Conclusion:

As the CAP/CTM platform is widely available, easy to use, and suited to high-throughput screening for viral genomes, the manufacturer should improve the HCV RNA kit to resolve these 2 important technical issues that may affect everyday management of hepatitis C therapy. (HEPATOLOGY 2007.)
Catechol‐O‐methyltransferase val108/158met genotype and response to antipsychotic medication in schizophrenia
Authors: Illi Ari , Kampman Olli , Hänninen Kari , Anttila Sami , Mattila Kari M. , Katila Heikki , Rontu Riikka , Hurme Mikko , Lehtimäki Terho , Leinonen Esa 
Published: May 2007

AbstractCatechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) gene has been investigated as a possible candidate gene in schizophrenia. The most studied polymorphism has been the functional val108/158met polymorphism of this COMT gene. There is also some evidence that this polymorphism could be related to drug response to antipsychotics in schizophrenia. COMT enzyme inactivates dopamine and noradrenaline. Based mainly on the original dopamine theory of schizophrenia, our primary hypothesis was that the maintenance dose of antipsychotics would be higher in patients with the low activity COMT genotype. In this study we evaluated the current daily dosage of antipsychotics in 180 patients with schizophrenia in connection with the COMT genotype. We could not demonstrate any clearly significant effect of this particular COMT genotype in relation to the daily maintenance dosages of antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Erratum: Exploring the clinical and social determinants of prescribing anticholinergic medication for Chinese patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Yu‐Tao Xiang , Yong‐Zhen Weng , Chi‐Ming Leung , Wai‐Kwong Tang , Ungavri Gabor Sandor 
Published: May 2007

AbstractHuman Psychopharmacology 2007; 22: 173–180DOI: 10.1002/hup.830It has come to our attention that there was an error to one of the author names within this published article. The correct author listing and author affiliation is now published below. We apologise for this anomaly.Xiang Yu‐Tao1,2, Weng Yong‐Zhen2, Leung Chi‐Ming1, Tang Wai‐Kwong1, Ungvari Gabor Sandor11Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China2Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Are wages more important for employees in poorer countries with harsher climates?
Authors: Van de Vliert Evert , Van Yperen Nico W. , Thierry Henk 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe purpose of the present research was to demonstrate that the perceived importance of wages is a function of thermal climate and national wealth. As hypothesized, analyses of 37 nationally representative samples of 22 483 blue‐ and white‐collar workers and 5544 managers show that wages are perceived as more important in poorer countries with colder climates (e.g., Azerbaijan) than in richer countries with colder climates (e.g., Canada) and in poorer and richer countries with temperate climates (e.g., Uganda, Singapore). The results suggest that performance‐related pay may be most effective in poorer countries with colder climates. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.