bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric Segregation of Maternal mRNAs and Germline-related Determinants in Cephalochordate Embryos: Implications for the Evolution of Early Patterning Events in Chordates
Authors: Yu Jr-Kai , Peng Li-Ying , Chen Chen-Yi , Lu Tsai-Ming , Holland Nicholas D , Holland Linda Z 
Published: April 2024

Synopsis
How animal embryos determine their early cell fates is an important question in developmental biology. In various model animals, asymmetrically localized maternal transcripts play important roles in axial patterning and cell fate specification. Cephalochordates (amphioxus), which have three living genera (Asymmetron, Epigonichthys, and Branchiostoma), are an early branching chordate lineage and thus occupy a key phylogenetic position for understanding the evolution of chordate developmental mechanisms. It has been shown that in the zygote of Branchiostoma amphioxus, which possesses bilateral gonads flanking both sides of their trunk region, maternal transcripts of germline determinants form a compact granule. During early embryogenesis, this granule is inherited by a single blastomere, which subsequently gives rise to a cluster of cells displaying typical characteristics of primordial germ cells (PGC). These PGCs then come to lie in the tailbud region and proliferate during posterior elongation of the larvae to join in the gonad anlagen at the ventral tip of the developing myomeres in amphioxus larvae. However, in Asymmetron and Epigonichthys amphioxus, whose gonads are present only on the right side of their bodies, nothing is known about their PGC development or the cellular/morphogenetic processes resulting in the asymmetric distribution of gonads. Using conserved germline determinants as markers, we show that similarly to Branchiostoma amphioxus, Asymmetron also employs a preformation mechanism to specify their PGCs, suggesting that this mechanism represents an ancient trait dating back to the common ancestor of Cephalochordates. Surprisingly, we found that Asymmetron PGCs are initially deposited on both sides of the body during early larval development; however, the left-side PGCs cease to exist in young juveniles, suggesting that PGCs are eliminated from the left body side during larval development or following metamorphosis. This is reminiscent of the PGC development in the sea urchin embryo, and we discuss the implications of this observation for the evolution of developmental mechanisms.
Contralateral pneumothorax with postpneumonectomy syndrome: report of 18-year-old case
Authors: Sato Takaya , Minegishi Kentaro , Endo Shunsuke , Tsubochi Hiroyoshi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We herein report a case of an 18-year-old male with left postpneumonectomy syndrome who underwent a bullectomy for right pneumothorax. The patient underwent a left pneumonectomy at the age of 1 year. At the age of 18 years, he developed right pneumothorax, and radiological findings revealed apical bullae in the right pleural cavity extending into the left atrophic thoracic cavity beyond the upper mediastinum. The right thoracoscopic bullectomy was successful. Modifications of selective lobar ventilation during surgery and thoracoscope position were described.
The Moving Spirit of Settler Colonialism: Temsula Ao, Counter-Sovereignty, and the Politics of Intervention in the Borderlands of India
Authors: Manchanda Nivi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the incursions, or more accurately, the interventions of the Indian state into what are often called its “Northeast borderlands.” It grapples with the specific space occupied by those who belong to this minoritized region in India. Theoretically, it works through conceptions of “sovereignty” and “intervention” to underscore what is at stake for those who lie within the remit of recognized state sovereignty but are nonetheless subject to brutal and invasive “intervention.” The article engages Naga author Temsula Ao’s writing on questions of “tribal” identity, globalization, and borders to situate India as a postcolonial “settler” state. Finally, it puts her work in conversation with Manu Karuka’s notion of “counter-sovereignty” to highlight the ways in which even critical International Relations (IR) theory risks falling into the trap of reifying “sovereignty” and unwittingly giving credence to Westphalian and Euro-centric understandings of sovereignty at the expense of alternative and prior imaginaries.
The Transit Fix—Border Externalization and the Interplay of Capital and Race in the Transit “Migration” State
Authors: Landherr Timor 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
What happens after border externalization? States and regional organizations of the Global North increasingly engage in transnational migration management that seeks to prevent potential irregular migration beyond their territory. Despite the impressive financial and political resources the involved actors mobilize to reach this goal, little is known about the effects of this strategy on their target states and populations. This paper conceptualizes border externalization as a spatial intervention that absorbs contingent migrant flows into an interplay of capital and race. It argues that the immobilization and differential integration produced through externalization can serve as a spatial fix for labor shortages in transit “migration” states. This differential integration disempowers the targeted migrant population and aggravates racial antagonisms. Hence, border externalization is not just a (by-)product of racist ideology and policy, but also intensifies racial hierarchies in the space it intervenes into. The paper studies this through the case of the “EU-Turkey Deal” and Turkey’s Syrian refugee population, building on document analysis and primary interview data with industry representatives, farmers, NGO workers, and government officials. On a theoretical level, the paper thereby contributes to the recent trend that reinserts the border into global processes of racialized capital accumulation.
Retrospective Review of Outcomes Related to Early Therapy Intervention Following Application of Cultured Epidermal Autografts in Severely Burned Patients
Authors: Sabbatini Sarah , Velamuri Sai R , Hill David M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cultured epidermal autografts (CEA) have since become more prevalent in the treatment of burn-injured patients with limited available donor sites for adequate wound closure, resulting in decreased mortality rates and an increased number of these patients requiring burn therapy services to achieve optimal functional outcomes at discharge. However, the use and postoperative management of CEA continue to be controversial due large to the physiological fragility and expense of CEA, leading to variable postoperative treatment practices across burn centers. As such, minimal research is available regarding patient outcomes following CEA application, specifically related to burn therapy intervention. Thus, a retrospective chart review was conducted on a series of 10 patients, 18 years of age or older, admitted to a single, American Burn Association verified burn center, between April 2015 and April 2023, who required CEA and received pre- and postoperative treatment by burn therapists in accordance with center-specific burn rehabilitation guidelines. The resulting patient outcomes, in response to early implementation of therapy interventions post-CEA surgery, demonstrated optimal functional status for patients upon discharge and positive long-term implications.
Association Between Burn Location and Psychological Distress: A Burn Model System National Database Study
Authors: Brown Nathan H , Rajo Erika M , Danos Denise , Petell Jennifer , Teachout Hailey , Mercante Andrew , Phelan Herb A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Burn injuries often lead to psychological distress, from depression and anxiety to adjustment concerns and posttraumatic stress. There is some evidence that the anatomical location of burn injuries (eg, head/neck, feet) has a specific negative effect on psychological functioning. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between burn injury location and emotional distress. First, we administered self-report questionnaires to burn survivors with ≤ 5% TBSA at a single adult outpatient burn clinic. Second, we used a cross-sectional analysis of the Burn Model System National Database. The mean values of each measure of psychological distress (ie, quality of life, self-esteem, depression, posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and, for contrast, posttraumatic growth) were examined for each anatomical location for those participants with a burn in those anatomical areas against those with burn in other areas. Using Kruskal–Wallis tests to compare psychological distress, we found no significant differences in outcome measures in either sample analyzed in our study. These findings contrast with prior literature indicating the negative psychological effect of burn injuries on certain locations in the body. Further research should explore whether larger burns (ie, &lt; 5% TBSA) affecting critical areas of the body may be associated with psychological distress.
Does selection favour the maintenance of porous species boundaries?
Authors: Barraclough Timothy G 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The endpoint of speciation has been viewed as complete isolation and the absence of gene flow between species. If the influx of genes from another species is maladaptive because species have different adaptations and genetic backgrounds, selection should favour the closing of species boundaries and zero gene flow, a process known as reinforcement. Recently, numerous cases of gene flow between species have been identified, many of which involved adaptive introgression of beneficial alleles. These cases could reflect transient states on the way to closed species boundaries or the result of declining strength or efficacy of selection for reinforcement as the level of gene flow approaches zero. An alternative hypothesis, however, is that selection favours porous species boundaries that allow beneficial alleles to cross, especially in changing environments. This perspective evaluates the conditions that would be needed for selection to favour porous species boundaries and the evidence for them. A contrast is made between hybridization in sexual eukaryotes and gene transfer via homologous recombination in bacteria. Current evidence is inconclusive on whether non-zero gene flow is favoured by selection. Studies are needed that quantify selection gradients on rates of gene flow and test for evolution towards intermediate values, especially experiments that manipulate conditions and track evolution for multiple generations. Estimation of gene flow networks for more clades and regional assemblages using emerging genome data will also allow the evolutionary determinants of interspecific gene flow to be better understood.
Preharvest insect pests of peanuts and associated aflatoxin contaminants in Georgia, USA
Authors: Danso James K , Mbata George N , Holton Raegan L 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
On-farm losses of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L., Fabales: Fabaceae) pose a persistent threat to the sustainable production and value of peanuts in the United States. This study presents empirical data on the spatial distribution of subterranean insect pests and various quality aspects of peanuts. Surveys were conducted in 20 randomly selected peanut fields in 10 counties in Northeast, Southeast, and Southwest Georgia. The primary insect pests found in Georgia’s peanut production counties were Pangaeus bilineatus (Say), Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller), and Diabrotica undecimpunctata Howardi. In the northeast counties, a high prevalence of P. bilineatus led to a significant increase in insect-damaged pods (%IDP), insect-damaged kernels (%IDK), discolored kernels (%DK), pod weight loss (%PWL), and kernel weight loss (%KWL). Similarly, southeast counties had a high %DK, cracked pods (%CP), and E. lignosellus infestation. In southwest counties, predominantly high D. undecimpunctata infestations resulted in the highest %IDP. Moisture content (%MC) was excessively high in all the counties (22.19%–23.17%). Preharvest aflatoxin contamination in peanuts was prevalent across all studied locations, particularly in counties with a high incidence of P. bilineatus and may cause increased risk in aflatoxin levels along the supply chain. Nevertheless, the diverse regional abundance of insect pests and the widespread presence of aflatoxins in Georgia’s peanut fields offer valuable insights for developing integrated pest management strategies targeting subterranean insect pests. This is especially crucial in addressing the impact of P. bilineatus, E. lignosellus, and D. undecimpunctata on aflatoxins content of peanuts and determining the pathway for mitigation of aflatoxin contaminations in peanuts at harvest.
Feasibility and potential of intraoperative ultrasound in arthroscopy of femoroacetabular impingement
Authors: Lin Zhuohua , Cui Ligang , Xu Yan , Fu Qiang , Sun Youjing 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using ultrasound for monitoring osteochondroplasty intraoperatively, determine the factors that interfere with ultrasound imaging and assess its influence on surgeon performance.
Intraoperative ultrasonography was performed during osteochondroplasty in 39 cases of arthroscopy. The femoral head–neck junction (FHNJ) was evaluated using ultrasonography. Another 39 cases, which underwent conventional arthroscopy, were included in the control group. The C-arm was used in this group at the end of osteochondroplasty to confirm that no residual cam lesion remained. Pre- and postoperative Dunn radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans were analyzed to determine the feasibility of ultrasound.
Residual cam deformity was noted in eight cases under ultrasound. The FHNJ was not detected owing to ultrasound interference by air in three cases. No difference in the α angle measured in Dunn radiographs and the residual cam deformity rate of CT at the 1:00, 2:00 or 3:00 position was found between both groups. However, the α angle at the 3:00 position was greater in the ultrasound group than in the control group (44.4 ± 4.3° versus 41.3 ± 5.1°, P &lt; 0.05), suggesting that more bone was preserved at 3:00 in the ultrasound group. No difference was found in the mean operation time. None of the patients experienced complications, such as wounds or intra-articular infections.
Ultrasound is a safe method for assessing FHNJ during arthroscopy. It did not change the risk of residual cam deformity but positively affected the surgeon’s performance by reducing unnecessary bone removal.
Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Parenting Concerns Questionnaire
Authors: Yanai Misa , Aoyama Maho , Kosugi Kazuhiro , Tsumura Akemi , Nakanishi Erika , Miyashita Mitsunori 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
Cancer patients with children are increasing; however, few studies have quantitatively assessed the parenting concerns of cancer patients with children. The Parenting Concerns Questionnaire was developed in the USA in 2012 and is the only instrument to measure the parenting concerns of cancer patients with children. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the Parenting Concerns Questionnaire and evaluate its reliability and validity.

Methods
An Internet survey was conducted among cancer patients registered with ‘Cancer Parents’, an Internet community site for cancer patients, who have children aged &lt;18 years, and 174 responses were recorded. Two weeks later, a retest was conducted, and responses were obtained from 87 patients.

Results
Based on confirmatory factor analysis of the factor structure proposed by the authors of the original version, factors ‘I. The impact of my illness on the child’s daily life (five items)’, ‘II. The impact of my illness on the child’s feelings (five items)’ and ‘III. Concerns about my parenting partner (five items)’ were consistent with the original version. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for all items and by factors were 0.86, 0.79, 0.86 and 0.86. The Parenting Concerns Questionnaire total scores correlated with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (r = 0.52), the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy General (r = −0.56), Family Assessment Device-General Functioning (r = 0.51) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (r = −0.47). The intraclass correlation coefficients for all items and by factors were 0.81, 0.71, 0.77 and 0.85.

Conclusions
The Japanese version of the Parenting Concerns Questionnaire has satisfactory reliability and validity.
Heat and health of occupational workers: a short summary of literature
Authors: N Sai Venkata Sarath Chandra , Xu Zhiwei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Globally, occupational workers suffer various health impacts due to extreme heat. In this short review, we examine the literature discussing health impacts of heat on occupational workers, and then discuss certain individual and institutional measures needed to address the problem. Though the available literature in the recent decade discusses health impacts of heat on workers as various heat-related illnesses, we found very few studies examining how occupational workers suffer from issues concerning cardiovascular health, neurological health, respiratory health, and mental health. In this regard, we highlight the need for more studies to examine how occupational workers exposed to extreme heat conditions suffer from fatal health issues like cardiovascular attack, brain stroke, and other ailments impacting vital organs of the body. Occupational workers across the world should be made aware of measures to protect themselves from extreme heat. Further, countries should develop occupational heat safety guidelines with statutory effect.
Achyranthes bidentata Blume (Amaranthaceae): a review of its botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology
Authors: Chen Yue-Ru , Niu Ying-shuo , Zhou Hong-Lei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Achyranthes bidentata Blume (A. bidentata) is a plant of Amaranthaceae family, and its root is the main medicinal part, named “Huai-Niu-Xi.” It is used to expel blood stasis through menstruation, tonify liver and kidney, strengthen muscles and bones, and induce diuresis. This review aimed to provide a systematic summary of botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of A. bidentata.

Methods
The present review covers the literature survey. The data have been collected from various journals, books, and some of the electronic search via Internet-based information such as Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Google patents, CNKI, SpringerLink, online electronic journals, and ScienceDirect.

Key findings
So far, more than 270 metabolites have been isolated from A. bidentata, including terpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, and so on. Among them, terpenoids and steroids are the main metabolites. The extract and metabolites exert multiple pharmacological activities such as alleviating osteoarthritis effect, antiosteoporosis activity, neuroprotective effect, antidiabetic activity-associated complications, immunoregulatory activity, and so on.

Summary
Some traditional uses of A. bidentata need further in-depth studies to confirm. Similarly, the separation and screening of active compounds, as well as the corresponding molecular mechanisms of action of compounds, are also needed to be studied.
Outcome of lung transplantation in patients with pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis in the era of COVID-19 infection
Authors: Raavi Lekhya , Garg Pankaj , Alomari Mohammad , Celik Nafiye B , Makey Ian A , Thomas Mathew , Nassar Aziza , Sareyyupoglu Basar , Jacob Samuel , Pham Si M , El-Sayed Ahmed Magdy M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Lung transplant recipients are at higher risk of developing COVID-19 infection compared to other solid organ transplants. The risk further increases in the unvaccinated patients. We present a case of a 43-year-old male who underwent bilateral sequential lung transplantation for pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) and had an uneventful recovery. However, two years post-transplantation, the patient developed chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and two episodes of COVID-19 infection. During the second episode of COVID-19 infection, the patient developed sepsis and multi-organ dysfunction ultimately resulting in death. Our case report highlights the increased susceptibility of PAM patients’ post-lung transplant to COVID-19 infection. Continuous follow-up of PAM patients’ post-lung transplantation is necessary to prevent unfavorable outcomes.
Complex presentation of a left Fronto-zygomatic Dermoid cyst; a case report
Authors: Ayasa Laith A , Rahhal Sara , Najjar Alaa Khaled , Aliwaiai Mohammed , Aldarawish Asad , Bakri Izzeddin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We present a case of craniofacial dermoid cyst in a 50-year-old female. The patient's complaint was persistent refractory headaches with no other significant neurological symptoms. Diagnostic imaging revealed the presence of a lesion in the left fronto-zygomatic region. Surgical intervention involved a craniotomy that led to a successful excision of the dermoid cyst. The diagnosis was subsequently confirmed by histopathological analysis. This case underscored the importance of considering DC as a potential diagnosis for any craniofacial lesion, given their diverse presentations and associated complications.
Vesicle trafficking pathways in defence-related cell wall modifications: papillae and encasements
Authors: Nielsen Mads Eggert 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Filamentous pathogens that cause plant diseases such as powdery mildew, rust, anthracnose, and late blight continue to represent an enormous challenge for farmers worldwide. Interestingly, these pathogens, although phylogenetically distant, initiate pathogenesis in a very similar way by penetrating the cell wall and establishing a feeding structure inside the plant host cell. To prevent pathogen ingress, the host cell responds by forming defence structures known as papillae and encasements that are thought to mediate pre- and post-invasive immunity, respectively. This form of defence is evolutionarily conserved in land plants and is highly effective and durable against a broad selection of non-adapted filamentous pathogens. As most pathogens have evolved strategies to overcome the defences of only a limited range of host plants, the papilla/encasement response could hold the potential to become an optimal transfer of resistance from one plant species to another. In this review I lay out current knowledge of the involvement of membrane trafficking that forms these important defence structures and highlight some of the questions that still need to be resolved.
Glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine prevents copper- and zinc-induced protein aggregation and central nervous system cell death in vitro
Authors: Min Jin-Hong , Sarlus Heela , Harris Robert A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Common features of neurodegenerative diseases are oxidative and inflammatory imbalances as well as the misfolding of proteins. An excess of free metal ions can be pathological and contribute to cell death, but only copper and zinc strongly promote protein aggregation. Herein we demonstrate that the endogenous copper-binding tripeptide glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine (GHK) has the ability to bind to and reduce copper redox activity and to prevent copper- and zinc-induced cell death in vitro. In addition, GHK prevents copper- and zinc-induced bovine serum albumin aggregation and reverses aggregation through resolubilizing the protein. We further demonstrate the enhanced toxicity of copper during inflammation and the ability of GHK to attenuate this toxicity. Finally, we investigated the effects of copper on enhancing paraquat toxicity and report a protective effect of GHK. We therefore conclude that GHK has potential as a cytoprotective compound with regard to copper and zinc toxicity, with positive effects on protein solubility and aggregation that warrant further investigation in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.