bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ESR Study of the Interaction of O2 with Ag Dispersed on Silica Gel
Authors: Shimizu Natsuko , Shimokoshi Kazuo , Yasumori Iwao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The state of adsorbed oxygen on metallic silver dispersed on silica gel has been studied by ESR. The spectra observed by the interaction of oxygen and the surface were found to be composed of spectra due to two different species. One of the species, which was formed separately by the contact with oxygen at −110 °C, was identified with O2− chemisorbed on metallic silver by a comparison of the observed g values and the other features with those previously reported. The other species has a doublet at g=2.036. This spectrum was reproduced by the interaction of N2O with the silver surface. Further, the γ-irradiation of the silver samples in the presence of O2 and N2O markedly enhanced the intensity of this spectrum, showing a low-field hump. On the basis of the g values and the splitting of the high-field doublet, assuming that the doublet is due to the hyperfine interaction of an unpaired electron with the silver nucleus, the species was assigned to Ag2+ in the present system. It is postulated that this species is possibly formed by the dissociative and/or charge-transfer chemisorption of O2 and N2O, suggesting the presence of non-paramagnetic oxygen species, such as O2−, as a counter ion of Ag2+.
The Microwave Spectrum of Methyl Iodide in Excited Vibrational States. Fermi and Coriolis Interactions among v3+v6, v5, and v2 Vibrations
Authors: Kawashima Yoshiyuki , Hirose Chiaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The J=2←1 transitions of methyl iodide in the v3, v6, 2v3, v2, v3+v6, and v5 vibrationally-excited states are observed. In v3+V6, the central component, ν360, of the J=2←1, K=1←1 transition is observed at 14.6 MHz, higher than the ν36+ of the l-type doubling. This is interpreted by the fact that the E state with K=−l=±1 is affected more strongly by the Fermi resonance through k356 than is the A state with K=l=±1. The Fermi resonance through k356 causes the Coriolis coupling between v2 and v5 through ζ25(y) to be transferred to v3+v6. As a result, the l-type doubling constant, q6, is determined to be −5.8 MHz. The Stark effect in the presence of the l-type doubling and nuclear quadrupole splitting is formulated and used in the analysis.
The Electronic Structure of Nickelocene by Means of the Configurational Interaction Method
Authors: Kobinata Shunsuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electronic structures of nickelocene have been investigated by means of the configurational interaction method. The locally-excited configurations of the central metal ion and the charge-transfer configurations corresponding to an electron transfer from the ligand system to the central metal ion have been taken into account. A correspondence with the crystal-field treatment has been obtained using the partitioning technique of solving the secular equation. The energies of the charge-transfer configurations, the resonance integrals, and the Racah parameters were determined so as to obtain the best fit with the observed d-d transition energies.
Oxygen Exchange between Arsenate Ions and Water of Crystallization in the Course of Hydration and Dehydration of Disodium Hydrogen Arsenate and Sodium Dihydrogen Arsenate
Authors: Okumura Akiko , Okazaki Nobukazu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Oxygen exchange between arsenate ions and crystal water in the course of hydration of anhydrous salt with water vapor and subsequent dehydration of the resulting hydrate has been studied with disodium hydrogen arsenate and with sodium dihydrogen arsenate. There is a remarkable difference in the exchange behavior between the anhydrous salt prepared by dehydration in vacuo at room temperature and that prepared at higher temperatures. In the former, the degree of exchange increases with increasing molar ratio of the reactants(arsenate to water), while in the latter, it is independent of the molar ratio. In the exchange reactions of the anhydrous salt prepared at higher temperatures, the number of exchangeable oxygen atoms of an arsenate ion is found to be 0.5 (that is, one atom for two arsenate ions) for disodium hydrogen arsenate, and 4 for sodium dihydrogen arsenate.
Studies on Nitrile Salts. II. A Facile One-step Synthesis of the Pyrimidine Nucleus
Authors: Yanagida Shozo , Fujita Tetsuo , Ohoka Masataka , Kumagai Reiji , Komori Saburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction of N-(α-chloroalkenyl)alkylamidine hydrochlorides (1) with phosgene was studied. The amidine hydrochlorides (1a—h) which were prepared from nitriles with more than two α-hydrogens reacted with phosgene at 100—105°C to give good yields of 4,6-dichloro-2,5-disubstituted-pyrimidines (3a—h). The amidine hydrochlorides (1j—t), which were obtained from nitriles with only one α-hydrogen, afforded 2-alkylidene-4,6-dichloro-5,5-disubstituted-2,5-dihydropyrimidines (5j—t) in good yields. The amidine hydrochloride 1i, however, gave 2-dichloromethylidene-2,5-dihydro-5,5,6-trichloro-4(3H)-pyrimidinone (4i) under comparable conditions.
The Crystal Structure of Hemimellitic Acid Dihydrate
Authors: Takusagawa Fusao , Shimada Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The crystal structure of hemimellitic acid dihydrate (benzene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid dihydrate) has been determined by the X-ray diffraction method. The crystals are triclinic, with a space group of P\bar1 and with cell dimensions of a=11.02, b=9.12, c=8.72 Å, α=106.2°, β=140.2°, and γ=84.2°. The structure was determined by an inspection of a sharpened Patterson map. The final R value was 9.25% for 1532 observed reflections. The hemimellitic acid molecule has the approximate Cs symmetry. Three carboxyl groups twist by 4.5°, 86.8°, and 10.3° out of the plane of a benzene ring. The hemimellitic acid and water molecules are joined by seven independent O–H···O hydrogen bonds to form a three-dimensional network. The water molecules are hydrogen-bonded to each other around a center of symmetry to form a unique four-membered ring. The hydrogen bonds observed are classified by means of the combination of donor and acceptor groups in five types. These types of hydrogen bonds are discussed in the comparison with several carboxylic acid hydrates.
The Ultrasonic Velocity and the Absorption of Aqueous t-Butyl Alcohol Solutions in Relation to the Structures of Water and Solutions
Authors: Endo Harumi , Nomoto Otohiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The adiabatic compressibility vs. concentration curves in aqueous solutions of t-butyl alcohol (t-Bu) over a certain temperature range have a common intersection at a fixed concentration (μcβ). The sound absorptions of solutions are nearly constant and are independent of the concentration up to a concentration (μiα) nearly the same as the μcβ. On the basis of the value of μcβ(≅μiα), the properties and the dissolved state of t-Bu in liquid water discussed in terms of the liquid clathrate hydrate model. At this concentration, the liquid clathrate hydrate of t-Bu. consists of 18-hedron, containing 32 water molecules for each t-Bu molecule. For higher concentrations than μcβ, the breakdown of the liquid clathrate hydrate by the addition of excess t-Bu occurs, accompanied by an increase in the number of clusters.
ESR Evidence for the Destruction of the Four-membered Chelate Structure of Bis(O,O′-diethyldithiophosphato)oxovanadium(IV) by Pyridine Bases
Authors: Sato Mitsuo , Fujita Yuzaburo , Kwan Takao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The interaction of bis(O,O′-diethyldithiophosphato)oxovanadium(IV), VOdtp2, with pyridine bases has been studied in toluene by ESR. It has been found that the four-membered chelate structure of VOdtp2 is disrupted by pyridine bases to form the complex species identified as VOdtp2·Py and VOdtp2·Py2 by their characteristic ESR spectra. The coordination structures of the newly-formed complexes are discussed in association with the substitution equilibria involved.
Photolysis of Ethylene at 1634 Å and 1849 Å
Authors: Hara Hiroshi , Tanaka Ikuzo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The photolysis of ethylene was carried out at room temperature at 1634 Å and 1849 Å. Products at both wavelengths were hydrogen, acetylene, ethane, n-butane and 1-butene. Product analysis and the radical scavenger technique indicate the primary processes to be as follows.
(Remark: Graphics omitted.)
The molecular elimination process in the primary processes varied with wavelengths, and was determined to be 47% and 53% at 1634 Å and 1849 Å, respectively. With reference to the percentage reported at other wavelengths, it is pointed out that molecular elimination is suppressed with the increase in excitation energy.
Molecular Interactions of p-(N,N-Dimethylamino)-Benzonitrile. Electrostatic Self-Complex and Hetero-Complex Formation in the Ground and Excited States
Authors: Narashima Nobuaki , Mataga Noboru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Electrostatic self-complex formation of p-(N,N-dimethylamino)-benzonitrile and its hetero-complex formation with benzonitrile in cyclohexane matrix were studied in detail. The possibilities of ground state complex and excimer formation in various liquid solvents were examined thoroughly.
Brillouin Scattering and Elastic Constants of Potassium Bromide
Authors: Matsuura Hiroatsu , Miyazawa Tatsuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The Brillouin scattering of KBr crystals was measured by using a helium–neon laser and a pressure-scanned Fabry-Perot interferometer. The Brillouin shifts were measured for various crystal orientations with the scattering vector in the [110] plane. In addition to the strong Brillouin peaks due to the longitudinal acoustic mode, relatively weak Brillouin peaks due to the transverse mode with admixture of the longitudinal mode were clearly resolved for a certain range of crystal orientations. From these Brillouin shifts, the frequencies and velocities of thermally excited sound waves of the wavelength 286.9 nm were obtained, and the three independent elastic constants of the KBr crystal for sound waves of microwave frequencies 6–12 GHz were determined as C11=3.37×1011, C12=0.61×1011 and C44=0.51×1011 dyn/cm2. The elastic constants determined in the present study were close to the ultrasonic values, indicating little dispersion of the sound velocities for the regions between 10 MHz and 10 GHz.
Molecular Structure of Acetamide as Studied by Gas Electron Diffraction
Authors: Kitano Mitsuo , Kuchitsu Kozo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The bond distances (rg) and angles (rα) in acetamide CH3CONH2 have been determined by gas electron diffraction as follows: C–C=1.519±0.006 Å, C–N=1.380±0.004 Å, C=O=1.220±0.003 Å, C–H (average)=1.124±0.010 Å, N–H (average)=1.022±0.011 Å, ∠N–C=O=122.0±0.6°, ∠C–C–H (average)=109.8±2°, and ∠C–C–N=115.1±1.6° (or 112.2±1.6°). In comparison with the molecular structure in the crystal, the C–N bond is about 0.05 Å longer, whereas the C=O bond is about 0.04 Å shorter. The C–N and C=O bonds appear to be slightly shorter than the corresponding bonds in N-methylacetamide.
Derivatographic Studies on Transition Metal Complexes. XI. Thermal Ligand-exchange Reaction of cis- and trans-[CoXY(N4)]SCN·nH2O Type Complexes
Authors: Tsuchiya Ryokichi , Murakami Tatsuo , Kyuno Eishin 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The thermal ligand-exchange reaction was investigated by derivatographic and isothermal methods for the following complex thiocyanates: cis-[CoCl2en2]SCN, cis-[CoClBren2]SCN·H2O, cis-[CoBr2en2]SCN·H2O and the corresponding trans-complexes, and several corresponding triethylenetetramine complexes cis-α-[CoXYtrien]SCN·H2O, where X and Y represent Cl− and Br− ion, respectively. cis-Complexes, except for cis-[CoCl2en2]SCN were found to exhibit obviously the ligand-exchange reaction in which Cl− or Br− is substituted by SCN− just after the liberation of lattice water takes place. On the other hand, cis-[CoCl2en2]SCN showed only partial ligand-exchange reaction accompanied by immediate thermal decomposition even at higher temperature than in the other monohydrates. In contrast, all the anhydrated trans-complexes trans-[CoCl2en2]SCN, trans-[CoClBren2]SGN and trans-[CoBr2en2]SCN did not give such a reaction upon heating. The activation energies of cis-[CoClBren2]SCN·H2O were found to be Ea=26±2 kcal/mol for dehydration and Ea=54±2 kcal/mol for ligand-exchange. The thermal ligand-exchange reaction proceeded in cis-type complexes without change in the geometrical configuration of the original complexes. No racemization or inversion could be observed in the optically active complex.
Reaction of 3,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-2H-azepin-7-ol Hydrogen Sulfate with Nucleophilic Reagents
Authors: Masaki Mitsuo , Uchida Masaru , Fukui Kiyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction of 3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2H-azepin-7-ol hydrogen sulfate with nucleophilic reagents was studied. The tetrahydroazepin-7-ol hydrogen sulfate reacted with alcohols and oximes to give respectively ε-caprolactam and the corresponding hydrogen sulfate of the reagents in good yields. Treatment with cyclohexylamine or benzylamine afforded ε-caprolactam, the amine salt of the corresponding sulfamic acid, and the corresponding amine salt of the tetrahydroazepin-7-ol hydrogen sulfate, while anilinium phenylsulfamate was formed exclusively in the reaction with aniline. From these results, the tetrahydroazepin-7-ol hydrogen sulfate was confirmed to undergo exclusively a cleavage of the oxygen-sulfur bond by an attack of nucleophiles on the sulfur atom.
Telomerization of Ethylene with Carbon Tetrachloride Initiated by N-Chloroalkylamines
Authors: Asahara Teruzo , Sen\={o} Manabu , Ohtani Noritaka 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
By using various N-chloroalkylamines, the telomerization of ethylene with carbon tetrachloride was carried out in a stainless steel autoclave at 130 °C. It was found that the yields and the compositions of telomers varied widely according to the kinds and the structures of N-chloroalkylamines. When N-chloromonoalkylamines or N-chlorodialkylamines were used, the total yield of telomers was high compared with the case using N,N-dichloroalkylamines. In the presence of both N-chloromonoalkylamines and N-chlorodialky]amines, the total yield of telomers became higher and the greater part of the telomers was 1:1 adduct (n=1 telomer CCl3CH2CH2Cl) of ethylene with carbon tetrachloride.
Photoinduced Reactions. LXXIII. Solvent Dependence in the Photochemical Reaction of α-Nitroepoxides
Authors: Saito Isao , Takami Masaaki , Konoike Toshiro , Matsuura Teruo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The photochemical reaction of α-nitroepoxides showed marked solvent dependence. The photolysis of (1,2-epoxy-2-nitropropyl)benzene (I) in 2-propanol led to the formation of three products 1-phenyl-1-isopropoxy-2-propanone (IIb), 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione oxime (III) and 1-hydroxy-1-phenyl-2-propanone oxime (IV), whereas on irradiation in ether I gave exclusively IV. However, in t-butyl alcohol, benzene, acetone, acetonitrile or n-hexane, I was not susceptible to photolysis. The photolysis of α,α′-epoxy-α-nitrobibenzyl (V) in ether gave benzoin oxime (VII) in addition to benzaldehyde and benzoic acid, whereas in methanol it gave benzoin methyl ether (VI) in the dark. These reactions are interpreted in terms of effects of the acidity and hydrogen-donating property of solvents on the excited α-nitroepoxides. The pyrolysis of I and V were also examined.
Branched-chain Sugars. IV. Synthesis of 5,6-Dideoxy-5-C-hydroxymethyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-6-C-nitro-3-O-substituted-α-d-glucose Derivatives
Authors: Yoshimura Juji , Iida Takao , Wakai Hiroo , Funabashi Masuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Addition of nitryl iodide to 5-deoxy-1,2,O-isopropylidene-3-O-methyl-5-C-methylene-6-O-substituted-α-d-xylo-hexofuranoses (3 and 4), and subsequent hydrogenation with sodium borohydride gave a mixture of the corresponding 5,6-dideoxy-5-C-hydroxymethyl-6-C-nitro derivatives of d-gluco and l-ido forms. The configuration of both isomers were determined by intramolecular cyclization into the corresponding nitrocyclohexanetetrols. The ratios of d-gluco to l-ido product were 1: 2 in the case of 6-O-trityl derivative (3) and 4: 5 in the case of 6-O-benzyl derivative (4), respectively.
Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis by Oxidation-Reduction Condensation. Synthesis of LH–RH by Fragment Condensation on Solid Support
Authors: Matsueda Rei , Maruyama Hiroshi , Kitazawa Eiichi , Takahagi Hidekuni , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Solid phase peptide synthesis by oxidation-reduction condensation was investigated. The fragment condensation on solid support was examined by employing two types of chain elongation, that from C-terminal amino acid to N-terminal amino acid (A type elongation) and that from N-terminal amino acid to C-terminal amino acid (B type elongation). The feasibility of these two approaches A and B was demonstrated in two syntheses of LH–RH (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone). The LH–RH prepared from the two different chain elongations showed identical mobilities on tlc, exhibiting full activities of natural LH–RH (AVS 77-33 # 215-269).
The Reactions of the Hexafluorothioacetone Dimer with Nucleophiles in the Presence of the Fluoride Ion
Authors: Kitazume Tomoya , Ishikawa Nobuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In the KF–DMF system, the hexafluorothioacetone dimer (1) reacted with alcohols, alkanethiols, and thiophenols under mild conditions. The products, 2, 3, 10, and 12, were assumed to have resulted from the hexafluorothioacetone monomer (4) and the nucleophiles. Cycloadducts of 4 and anthracene or styrene were also obtained readily from the dimer (1) and the dienes.
Impurity Effect on Domain Formation in a Nematic Liquid Crystal
Authors: Nakauchi Jun , Yokoyama Masaaki , Sawa Hiroshi , Okamoto Ken-ichi , Mikawa Hiroshi , Kusabayashi Shigekazu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The effect of impurity on domain formation in an ethyl anisal-p-aminocinnamate nematic liquid crystal was investigated. With the decrease of the content of ionic impurities, the threshold voltage of the domain formation increases and the size of the domain patterns becomes larger. With blocking electrodes, the domain patterns could not be seen, although molecular orientation was still observed. When a negative electrode is coated partly with Nesa and partly with gold, the domain patterns appear first in the Nesa (n-type) part. When an electric field is cut and applied within one second intervals, the domains reappear at the same places. The mechanism of domain formation is discussed.
The Self-diffusion of Chloride Ions in Divalent Metal Chloride Crystallites with CdCl2-type Structure
Authors: Sensui Yoshihiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The self-diffusion of chloride ions in MgCl2- and CoCl2-crystallites with the CdCl2-type structure was studied, the results being compared with previous data on MnCl2 and NiCl2. The diffusion rate was measured through gas/solid-isotopic exchange reactions in a carefully cleaned vacuum system. The results were analyzed by the use of a model of semi-infinite crystal. The Arrhenius plots of apparent diffusion coefficient consist of two segments of line, from whose slopes the activation heat of migration E and the apparent heat of formation of vacancies Hv⁄nv are determined. [Hv denotes the total heat of formation of two anion vacancies and one catoin vacancy with nv=2 or 3.] The values for E and Hv were 0.55 and 1.1 eV in MgCl2 and 1.3 and 2.0 eV in CoCl2, respectively. A linear relationship holds between the logarithms of pre-exponential factor of the diffusion coefficient and E or (E+Hv⁄nv); viz., the theta-rule holds in this case. In the initial stage of the exchange reaction, ions or atoms in the surface region of crystals were observed to easily migrate. Sodium ions doped deliberately as impurity enhance the diffusion of chloride ions. It is concluded that the diffusion takes place through the vacancy mechanism.
Hydrogen Formation in the Gas-Phase Radiolysis of C2H4–D2O Mixtures
Authors: Kuwabara Ken-ichi , Hatano Yoshihiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The total hydrogen yields and their isotopic compositions have been measured in the gas-phase radiolysis of C2H4–D2O mixtures at room temperature. A mixture of D2O (&lt;10 mol %) with a large amount of C2H4 was used to avoid the effect of the wall on the decomposition of D2O. The contribution of thermal hydrogen atoms to the hydrogen formation may reasonably be excluded in this system. The kinetic treatment of D2 and HD formation suggests the decomposition mechanism of D2O. No important contribution of hot hydrogen atoms was observed. The yield of hydrogen from the D2O formed by the unimolecular process, G1D=0.4, was nearly equal to the molecular hydrogen yield reported previously.
Kinetics of the Hydrolysis of Diethyl Acetal Catalyzed by Iron(III) in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Wada Goro , Sakamoto Machiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The catalytic activity of iron(III) on the hydrolysis of diethyl acetal was investigated in aqueous solutions. The reaction rate was followed dilatometrically. The reaction is of the first order with respect to acetal concentration, the rate constant being expressed by
K_app=k_o+k_H[H^+]+k_Fe[Fe].
The respective rate constants are k0=1.30×10−4 s−1, kH=1.28 M−1 s−1, and kFe=1.86 M−1 s−1 at an ionic strengt μ=0.2 M and 25 °C. A tentative reaction scheme for iron(III) catalysis was proposed.
Vibration-Rotation Spectrum of Methyl Fluoride. I. Analysis of 2ν3 Band
Authors: Nakagawa Jun , Suzuki Isao , Shimanouchi Takehiko , Fujiyama Tsunetake 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The 2ν3 band of methyl fluoride has been measured with a high-resolution infrared spectrometer. The following molecular constants are obtained: ν0=2081.382, B″=0.85172, B′=0.82955, (A″–A′)=0.01953, DJ″=1.95×10−6, DJ′=1.78×10−6, DJK″=1.47×10−5 (assumed), DJK′=1.93×10−5, and (DK″–DK′)=5.9×10−6cm−1. In addition, the hot band (3ν←ν3) and the isotope 13CH3F band have been observed and analyzed. The cubic force constant k333 was also obtained from the vibration-rotation constants.
Polarographic Studies of the Rates of the Dissociation Reactions of Cobalt(II)-Iminodiacetate, -Aspartate, and -2,2′-Ethylenedioxydi(ethylamine)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetate Complexes
Authors: Kodama Mutsuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The cobalt(II)-IDA, -Asp, and -GEDTA complexes produce kinetic wave due to their dissociation preceding the electron-transfer step at the electrode surface. From an experimental examination of the nature of these kinetic waves, the dissociation mechanisms were determined to be:
i) IDA and Asp systems,
CoX22−\ightleftarrowsCoX0+X2− rate-determining step
CoX0+2e−+Hg\ightleftarrowsCo(Hg)+X2−
ii) GEDTA system,
CoY26−\ightleftarrowsCoY2−+Y4− in a rapid equilibrium
CoY2−\ightleftarrowsCoY2−* rate-determining step
CoY2−*+2e−+Hg\ightleftarrowsCo(Hg)+Y4−
where CoY2−* is the electroactive cobalt(II)-GEDTA complex produced upon the partial dissociation of the normal cobalt(II)-GEDTA complex with a 1 : 1 composition. From the relative rate constants for these complexes, the detailed structures of the reaction intermediates in their dissociation were also obtained.
Spectra of Nickel(II)-Azide Complexes in Organic Solvents
Authors: Abu-Eittah R , Elmakabaty S 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The complexing properties of nickel(II) ion with azide ion, in a number of organic solvents, are investigated by spectroscopic methods. The electronic absorption spectra of Ni(II)–N3− solutions were studied in the visible-ultraviolet regions using dimethylformamide, absolute methanol and absolute ethanol as solvents. The composition of the possibly obtained complexes was investigated using the continuous variation and the slope ratio methods. The composition of the predominant complex was dependent on the solvent used. Formation as well as dissociation constants of the obtained complexes were computed.