bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
May Measurement Month 2022: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Libya
Authors: Masaud Hesham A Ben , Aborawi Abeer , Daghiz Muna Mustafa , Abusriwel Munera Salim , Al-Alboum Mabroukah Othman Fhail , Beaney Thomas , Kerr Gabriele , Poulter Neil R , Kemishi Fozia Hadi , Abdullah Fatma Embaeia , Altoughar Nisreen Fouzi , Sharif Amel Othman , Al Allaghi Samira Khalil , Alkimeeshi Nayrouz Hasan , Kredla Rawad Farg , Abobakr Almukhtar , sharouf Gamal zaid , Yaeqoub Abdulsalam Mohammed , Zarraa Sana Sulayman 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Hypertension is a major global health problem. In Libya, hypertension affects a large portion of the population, but many individuals are unaware of their condition or are not receiving adequate treatment.
The May Measurement Month (MMM) campaign was carried out in Libya in 2022 with the aim of raising awareness of raised blood pressure (BP). Here, we report on the findings of the campaign.
Adults aged ≥18 years were opportunistically recruited from health facilities and community sites across Libya. Each participant had three seated BP readings and completed a questionnaire on demographics, lifestyle factors, and comorbidities. Hypertension was defined as systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg or being on antihypertensive medication. Controlled BP was defined as BP &lt;140/90 mmHg on medication. Multiple imputation estimated missing BP readings. Among 3088 participants (mean age 46.8 years, 65.3% female), 1249 (40.4%) had hypertension. Of these, 988 (79.1%) were aware of their condition, 959 (76.8%) were on medication, and 565 (58.9%) had controlled BP. Overall, 45.2% of hypertensive participants had controlled BP.
The MMM campaign in Libya identified a substantial number of individuals with hypertension, a significant portion of which had uncontrolled BP. Hypertension management in older adults requires comprehensive strategies, such as enhanced lifestyle interventions, tailored treatment plans, and rigorous monitoring and follow-up, to reduce cardiovascular risks.
May Measurement Month 2022: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Albania
Authors: Qirjako Gentiana , Tomini Eugena , Draçini Xheladin , Ylli Alban , Hala Romina , Çumashi Rudina , Bele Sonila , Beaney Thomas , Kerr Gabriele , Poulter Neil R , Burazeri Genc 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The May Measurement Month (MMM) campaign was conducted in Albania in 2022 with the aim of raising awareness of raised blood pressure (BP). Here, we report on the findings of the campaign. Adults aged ≥ 18 years were recruited opportunistically at 27 sites across several districts of Albania. Three seated BP readings were taken for each participant, along with completion of a questionnaire on demographics, lifestyle factors, and comorbidities. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg or being on antihypertensive medication. Controlled BP was defined as being on antihypertensive medication with a BP &lt;140/90 mmHg. Multiple imputation was used to estimate any missing BP readings. In total, 12 348 participants were screened, with a mean age of 49.9 (SD ±15.0) years and 59.5% of whom were female. Of all participants, 4908 (39.7%) had hypertension, of whom 3170 (64.6%) were aware, and 3053 (62.2%) were on antihypertensive medication. Of those on antihypertensive medication, 1807 (59.2%) had controlled BP, and of all participants with hypertension, 36.8% had controlled BP. Mean systolic and/or diastolic BP was significantly higher among participants with no formal education and those with a sedentary lifestyle. Whils,t current smoking was positively related to high systolic BP only.
The MMM campaign in Albania identified significant numbers of participants with either untreated or inadequately treated hypertension. Findings from MMM22 underscore the critical need for enhanced hypertension screening management and follow-up care within the Albanian healthcare system.
Sex Differences in Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Risk Factors Associated with Degenerative Valvular Heart Disease
Authors: Yang Cheng , Li Ziang , Sui Yonggang , Long Tianxin , Cheng Sijing , Guo Xinli , Jiang Chengqing , Ma Haowen , Xu Haiyan , Qian Jie , Wu Yongjian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aims
The cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) health approach emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary early-stage disease prevention. This study aimed to explore sex differences in CKM risk factors associated with common degenerative valvular heart disease (VHD).

Methods
A total of 436,184 participants (54.4% women; mean age, 58 years) free of VHD or heart failure at baseline and with complete information about CKM risk factors were included from the UK Biobank cohort. We assessed sex differences in hazard ratios (HRs) and population-attributable risk (PAR) for incident VHD and VHD-related interventions or mortality, focusing on five CKM risk factors: hypertension, diabetes, obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Results
At baseline, 81.06% of participants had one or more CKM risk factors: 75.61% had hypertension, 4.80% had diabetes, 24.14% had obesity, 22.26% had hypertriglyceridemia, and 2.32% had CKD. Over a median follow-up period of 13.80 years, incidences of aortic valve stenosis (AS), aortic valve regurgitation (AR), and mitral valve regurgitation (MR) were 11.18 and 5.42, 3.64 and 2.19, and 10.39 and 6.94 events per 10,000 person-years for men and women, respectively. Hypertension was consistently the largest attributable risk factor for incident VHD in both sexes, with PARs of 29.07% and 25.17% for AS, 24.21% and 16.51% for AR, and 19.55% and 13.01% for MR in women and men, respectively. Compared to men, women had higher risks of AS with obesity (HR: 1.17 [1.04–1.32]), AR with CKD (1.59 [1.01–2.49]), and MR with either hypertension (1.25 [1.07–1.47]) or hypertriglyceridemia (1.22 [1.07–1.39]).

Conclusions
Tailoring the prioritization of CKM risk factors based on gender has the potential to enhance the effectiveness of VHD prevention strategies.
Factors explaining age-related prospective memory performance differences: a meta-analysis
Authors: Menéndez-Granda Marta , Schmidt Nadine , Laera Gianvito , Clenin Annick , Kliegel Matthias , Orth Michael , Peter Jessica 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
The age-prospective memory paradox states that younger adults perform better than older adults in laboratory tasks, while the opposite has been observed for naturalistic tasks. These terms insufficiently characterise tasks and task settings. We therefore revisited the age-prospective memory paradox using a newly developed taxonomy to better understand how tasks characteristics or task settings contribute to age-related differences in performance.

Methods
We conducted a meta-analysis of 138 studies, classifying prospective memory tasks according to our newly developed taxonomy. The taxonomy included 9 categories that considered how close any task or task setting was to daily life.

Results
When categorizing relevant studies with this taxonomy, we found that older adults did better than younger adults in ‘close to real-life’ tasks done at home and, particularly, in to-do lists and diary tasks. However, they did worse in ‘far from real-life’ tasks done in naturalistic environments or in simulations of real-life tasks in a laboratory.

Discussion
Results of this meta-analysis suggest that the level of abstraction of a task and familiarity of the environment in which the task is taken can explain some of the differences between performances of younger and older people. This is relevant for the choice of task settings and task properties to experimentally address any prospective memory research questions that are being asked.
Significance of measuring the severity of emphysema, in combination with spirometry, on the risk evaluation of patients undergoing major lung resection for cancer
Authors: Suzuki Souichi , Harada-Takeda Aya , Morizono Shoichiro , Takumi Koji , Umehara Tadashi , Kamimura Go , Aoki Masaya , Nagata Toshiyuki , Ueda Kazuhiro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Predicted postoperative forced expiratory volume in 1 s (ppoFEV1) and predicted postoperative diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (ppoDLco) are the two most significant parameters for predicting the risk of cardiopulmonary complications after major lung resection for lung cancer. Although the severity of pulmonary emphysema on computed tomography may be an important risk factor for postoperative complications, the clinical significance of measuring the severity of pulmonary emphysema, in combination with ppoFEV1 and ppoDLco, has never been evaluated.

METHODS
We measured the severity of pulmonary emphysema, representing the percentage of low-attenuation area (&lt;-950 Hounsfield units), in the whole lung field, in addition to ppoFEV1 and ppoDLco, in 451 patients who underwent major lung resection for primary lung cancer. We also measured the volume of the upper and lower lobes of emphysematous and non-emphysematous lungs.

RESULTS
Postoperative cardiopulmonary complications developed in 60 patients (13.3%). According to a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for the diagnostic potential of postoperative complications, the area under the curve was highest for the severity of emphysema, followed by ppoDLco and ppoFEV1. According to a stepwise multivariable logistic regression analysis, the severity of emphysema and ppoDLco were identified as independent risk factors for postoperative complications. Neither the heterogeneous distribution of emphysema nor that of non-emphysema was associated with the occurrence of complications in patients with upper lobe disease or in patients with lower lobe disease.

CONCLUSIONS
The severity of emphysema on computed tomography is a relevant risk factor for cardiopulmonary complications after major lung resection.
Pharmacokinetics and safety of clofazimine in children with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis
Authors: Hughes Jennifer A , Solans Belén P , Garcia-Prats Anthony J , Draper Heather R , Schaaf H Simon , Nielsen James C , Nortier Elri , Courtney Ingrid , Palmer Megan , van der Laan Louvina , Savic Radojka M , Hesseling Anneke C 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Paediatric pharmacokinetic and safety data for clofazimine are limited. We described the pharmacokinetics and safety of clofazimine in South African children treated for multidrug/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB).

Methods
Children &lt;18 years being routinely treated for MDR/RR-TB were eligible for study participation. Soft gel capsules (Novartis Pharma AG) were administered using WHO-recommended weight-based dosing. Sparse and semi-intensive pharmacokinetic sampling was completed at baseline, Week 2 and 16. Clofazimine weekly area-under-the-concentration-time-curve (wAUC) was compared to target wAUC (60.87 mg*h/L and 111.79 mg*h/L) in adults receiving clofazimine 100mg daily for MDR/RR-TB and leprosy, respectively. Safety monitoring included measurement of QT-interval prolongation and laboratory assessment.

Results
Twenty children, six (30%) male, median age 6.0 years (range, 1.6-14.4), were included. Median clofazimine wAUC was 162.94 (IQR 130.06–263.95), &gt;25% higher than the target adult wAUC in adults with MDR/RR-TB (111.79; IQR 81.9–151.9). No serious or grade ≥3 cardiac events occurred. There was a linear relationship between clofazimine concentration and QT-interval prolongation with an increase of 0.02 ms for every µg/L. There were 59 adverse events at least possibly related to clofazimine; one severe adverse event (elevated ALT) led to temporary withdrawal of clofazimine.

Conclusions
Clofazimine doses used achieved substantially higher exposures in children than adults receiving standard clofazimine doses. The association of higher clofazimine exposures and QT-interval prolongation may pose unnecessary risk to children, particularly in combination with other QT-prolonging drugs. Lower clofazimine doses to achieve appropriate clofazimine exposures should be investigated in children using different drug formulations and harmonised weight bands.
Evaluating Agar-Plating and Dilution-to-Extinction Isolation Methods for Generating Oak-Associated Microbial Culture Collections
Authors: Ordonez Alejandra , Hussain Usman , Cambon Marine C , Golyshin Peter N , Downie Jim , McDonald James E 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Microbial isolation methods are crucial for producing comprehensive microbial culture collections that reflect the richness and diversity of natural microbiotas. Few studies have focussed on isolation of plant-associated microbiota, with even less focus on forest trees. Here, we tested two isolation methods, (1) agar plating and (2) dilution-to-extinction, for isolation of microbiota from leaf, stem and root/rhizosphere tissues of oak trees. Microbial isolates obtained (culture-dependent) and the endogenous oak microbiota of the source tissue samples (culture-independent) were characterized by 16S rRNA gene and ITS community profiling. We found that the type of growth medium, incubation conditions, and sample type inoculated onto agar, influenced the number of isolates and taxonomic richness of the isolates obtained. Most bacterial and fungal ASVs obtained from isolation-based approaches were only obtained using one of the two isolation methods, with only 12% of the ASVs detected in both. Moreover, the isolation methods captured microorganisms not detected by culture-independent analysis of the microbiota, suggesting these approaches can complement culture-independent analysis by enriching low-abundant taxa. Our results suggest that dilution-to-extinction and agar-plating approaches captured distinct fractions of the oak microbiota, and that a combination of both isolation methods was required to produce taxonomically richer microbial culture collections.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of behavioral interventions for sleep disruption in pediatric neurodevelopmental and medical conditions
Authors: Kamara Dana , Bernard Angel , Clark Emma L M , Duraccio Kara M , Ingram David G , Li Tianjing , Piper Christi R , Cooper Emily , Simon Stacey L 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of behavioral interventions for sleep disruption in children with neurodevelopmental and medical conditions.

Methods
A comprehensive literature search was designed and run for studies published between 1970 and July 1, 2023. Original, peer-reviewed RCTs of children ages birth to 18 years with/at risk for sleep disruption and a neurodevelopmental and/or medical condition were included. Interventions without behavioral components, lifestyle interventions, or pharmaceutical interventions were excluded. Primary outcomes included sleep health domains, and secondary outcomes were condition symptomatology and quality of life.

Results
Data from 15 RCTs were examined (1,374 participants, 78% male, 71% White). Sleep disruptions were predominantly insomnia symptoms. Intervention content included parent training, sleep hygiene education, and relaxation strategies. Adaptations to the interventions for use in children with neurodevelopmental and/or medical conditions included behavioral strategies commonly used in those conditions, sleep education specific to the condition, and/or use of case examples specific to the condition. No studies reported on adverse effects. Behavioral sleep interventions had a significant effect on sleep satisfaction, bedtime resistance, and ADHD symptoms at postintervention. At follow-up, effects were maintained only for sleep satisfaction. Parent rating of child sleep duration improved at follow-up but not postintervention.

Conclusions
Despite being at high risk for comorbid sleep disruption, children with neurodevelopmental and/or medical conditions are underrepresented in the sleep intervention literature. Future research is needed with larger, more diverse samples and increased methodological rigor to address sleep disruption in these pediatric populations.

Protocol registration
Open Science Framework Preregistration doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/KE58C, date of registration December 9, 2023.
Evaluating the Potential of Large Language Models for Vestibular Rehabilitation Education: A Comparison of ChatGPT, Google Gemini, and Clinicians
Authors: Arbel Yael , Gimmon Yoav , Shmueli Liora 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to compare the performance of 2 large language models, ChatGPT and Google Gemini, against experienced physical therapists and students in responding to multiple-choice questions related to vestibular rehabilitation. The study further aimed to assess the accuracy of ChatGPT’s responses by board-certified otoneurologists.

Methods
This study was conducted among 30 physical therapist professionals experienced with vestibular rehabilitation and 30 physical therapist students. They were asked to complete a vestibular knowledge test (VKT) consisting of 20 multiple-choice questions that were divided into 3 categories: (1) Clinical Knowledge, (2) Basic Clinical Practice, and (3) Clinical Reasoning. ChatGPT and Google Gemini were tasked with answering the same 20 VKT questions. Three board-certified otoneurologists independently evaluated the accuracy of each response using a 4-level scale, ranging from comprehensive to completely incorrect.

Results
ChatGPT outperformed Google Gemini with a 70% score on the VKT test, while Gemini scored 60%. Both excelled in Clinical Knowledge scoring 100% but struggled in Clinical Reasoning with ChatGPT scoring 50% and Gemini scoring 25%. According to 3 otoneurologic experts, ChatGPT’s accuracy was considered “comprehensive” in 45% of the 20 questions, while 25% were found to be completely incorrect. ChatGPT provided “comprehensive” responses in 50% of Clinical Knowledge and Basic Clinical Practice questions, but only 25% in Clinical Reasoning.

Conclusion
Caution is advised when using ChatGPT and Google Gemini due to their limited accuracy in clinical reasoning. While they provide accurate responses concerning Clinical Knowledge, their reliance on web information may lead to inconsistencies. ChatGPT performed better than Gemini. Health care professionals should carefully formulate questions and be aware of the potential influence of the online prevalence of information on ChatGPT’s and Google Gemini’s responses. Combining clinical expertise and clinical guidelines with ChatGPT and Google Gemini can maximize benefits while mitigating limitations. The results are based on current models of ChatGPT3.5 and Google Gemini. Future iterations of these models are expected to offer improved accuracy as the underlying modeling and algorithms are further refined.

Impact
This study highlights the potential utility of large language models like ChatGPT in supplementing clinical knowledge for physical therapists, while underscoring the need for caution in domains requiring complex clinical reasoning. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating technological tools carefully with human expertise to enhance patient care and rehabilitation outcomes.
Welfare Costs of Idiosyncratic and Aggregate Consumption Shocks
Authors: Constantinides George M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
I estimate the welfare benefits of eliminating idiosyncratic consumption shocks in the United States related (unrelated) to the business cycle as 36%–39% (lower than 1%) of household utility. Estimates of the former exceed earlier ones because I distinguish between idiosyncratic shocks related/unrelated to the business cycle, estimate the negative skewness of shocks, target moments of idiosyncratic shocks from household-level CEX data, and target market moments. Benefits of eliminating aggregate shocks are lower than 1% of utility. Policy should facilitate the insurance of idiosyncratic shocks related to the business cycle, such as job layoffs, with proof that individuals diligently seek suitable employment during periods of unemployment. (JEL D31, D52, E32, E44, G01, G12)
IGFBP5 regulates fibrocartilage differentiation and cartilage injury induced by T-2 toxin via blocking IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling
Authors: Wang Xiaoqing , Wang Yinxia , Lei Pengzhen , Qu Xiaodong , Qi Rui , Chen Duanmingyu , Chang Yanhai 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is a form of osteoarthropathy that affects the skeletal and joint systems of children and adolescents. Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5 (IGFBP5) plays an important role in bone growth and development. This study aimed to investigate the role of IGBFP5 in regulating the function and differentiation of chondrocytes in KBD.

Methods
The mRNA and protein expressions of IGFBP5, IGF-1 and IGF-1R were detected by RT-qPCR and western blot assays. Commercial kits were performed to measure the mitochondrial ROS content, calcium loading and ATP synthesis in chondrocytes. MTT assay was used to detect the cell viability of chondrocytes. Co-IP and pull-down assays were conducted to verify the binding activity of IGFBP5 to IGF-1R. The rat KBD model was constructed by a low selenium diet and T-2 toxin.

Results
The expression of IGFBP5 was upregulated in KBD patient and rat tissues. Further studies showed that interfering with IGFBP5 effectively inhibited T-2-induced chondrocyte damage and mitochondrial stress. IGFBP5 depressed the interaction between IGF-1 and IGF-1R, thereby affecting the regulation of IGF-1/IGF-1R signalling in the repair of chondrocytes. In addition, the fibrous differentiation of cartilage progenitor cells (CPCs) and the activity and migration of CPCs induced by T-2 stimulation were suppressed under IGFBP5 silence treatment.

Conclusion
IGFBP5 was upregulated during the pathological progression of KBD, and IGFBP5 competitively bound with IGF-1R to impede the interactions between IGF-1 and IGF-1R. Knockdown of IGFBP5 inhibited fibrotic differentiation and ameliorated reduction of CPC function in KBD model.