bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monolithic stationary phase coupled with coulometric detection: Development of an ion‐pair HPLC method for the analysis of quinone‐bearing compounds
Authors: Mancini Francesca , Bolognesi Maria L. , Melchiorre Carlo , Cavalli Andrea , Andrisano Vincenza 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMemoquin, a recently discovered new drug candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), is a compound able to interfere with different key targets of AD neurodegeneration. In the present work, the electroactivity of Memoquin, due to the presence of a quinone ring in the molecule, was exploited for the development of a sensitive and selective HPLC chromatographic method with coulometric detection system. For this purpose, a monolithic silica‐based stationary phase (Chromolith C18) was coupled with ESA detector and under high flow rate condition (2 mL/min) gave an efficient coulometric detection without a significant backpressure. The monolithic stationary phase and the electrochemical detection were combined to obtain a very fast (less than 7 min) and sensitive analysis of the compound of interest. For this reason, the method was found suitable to determine Memoquin with very high sensitivity (LOD, 0.005 μg/mL; LOQ, 0.016 μg/mL), better than with UV and fluorescence detections, and selectivity resulting potentially suitable for its analysis in biological samples. Moreover, the HPLC method was employed for the separation of Memoquin from other quinone analogs (endowed with different substituent on the quinone ring and length of the lateral chain) and allowed the comparison of the electrochemical properties of the compounds of the series. In the optimized chromatographic conditions it was possible to separate each quinone and to evaluate the influence of the substituent of the quinone ring on the electrochemical properties of the molecule.
Chromatographic characterisation of a novel type of monolithic methylsilsesquioxane‐based HPLC column
Authors: Popp Maximilian , Sulyok Michael , Rosenberg Erwin 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA novel monolithic methylsilsesquioxane‐based material with hierarchical pore structure was prepared and tested for its applicability as stationary phase for RP‐HPLC. The monolithic material is produced using sol–gel chemistry according to a proprietary protocol developed in our working group. A procedure for the production of HPLC columns from the self‐contained monolithic material is described. The chromatographic performance and the reproducibility of the column production was tested using the procedures of the widely accepted Tanaka test and suitable parts of the Engelhardt test which were applied to a set of four monolithic columns produced under identical conditions. The test proved the excellent hydrophobic selectivity and silanophilic behaviour of the new stationary phase material. According to the tests on steric and shape selectivity, there are strong indications that this type of material also acts as restricted access material. This assumption is further supported by the presence of a high fraction of micropores as was evidenced by physical characterisation of the material. The novel stationary phase material showed great potential for the separation of small apolar substances and was found to be particularly useful in the separation of basic compounds due its excellent silanophilic interaction.
A comparative study of efficient iterative solvers for generalized Stokes equations
Authors: Larin Maxim , Reusken Arnold 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe consider a generalized Stokes equation with problem parameters ξ⩾0 (size of the reaction term) and ν>0 (size of the diffusion term). We apply a standard finite element method for discretization. The main topic of the paper is a study of efficient iterative solvers for the resulting discrete saddle point problem. We investigate a coupled multigrid method with Braess–Sarazin and Vanka‐type smoothers, a preconditioned MINRES method and an inexact Uzawa method. We present a comparative study of these methods. An important issue is the dependence of the rate of convergence of these methods on the mesh size parameter and on the problem parameters ξ and ν. We give an overview of the main theoretical convergence results known for these methods. For a three‐dimensional problem, discretized by the Hood–Taylor 𝒫2–𝒫1 pair, we give results of numerical experiments. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychosocial intervention as a component of routine breast cancer care—who participates and does it help?
Authors: Schou Inger , Ekeberg Oivind , Karesen Rolf , Sorensen Elin 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWomen who participated in the hospital psychosocial support groups following breast cancer surgery were compared with non‐participants. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the EORTC quality of life questionnaire were used to measure emotional distress and quality of life at the time of diagnosis and after 12 months. The General Life Orientation Test‐Revised was used to measure dispositional optimism. Of 165 women, 87% reported that they had been invited to participate, and 66% participated. The salient predictor for participating in support group was optimism (OR 0.89 CI: 95% 0.83–0.98, p=0.01). No significant difference was found between the prevalence of anxiety and depression caseness at the time of diagnosis, but after 12 months, the prevalence of anxiety caseness was significantly lower among the participants than that among the non‐participants (19% vs 34%, p=0.04).In conclusion, psychosocial intervention as a component of routine breast cancer care appears to have a long‐term clinical beneficial effect on anxiety. For depression and quality of life, the study is inconclusive. Self‐selection may prevent patients at risk of adverse outcome to participate in support groups. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The clinical value of quality of life assessment in oncology practice—a qualitative study of patient and physician views
Authors: Velikova Galina , Awad Noha , Coles‐Gale Rebecca , Wright E. Penny , Brown Julia M. , Selby Peter J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBackground: Patients' self‐reported questionnaires measuring symptoms, functioning and quality of life (QOL) can help physicians to screen and monitor patient problems in oncology practice. Although many self‐reported questionnaires have been developed, their role in clinical practice remains unclear. This study explores what oncologists and patients need from QOL questionnaires, what their clinical value is and generates recommendations how to improve the questionnaires for use in oncology practice.Methods: Focus groups were conducted in the Leeds Cancer Centre (St James's and Cookridge hospitals, UK), with 31 patients (9 groups) and 16 oncologists (4 groups). Twenty patients completed a questionnaire. Framework analysis was employed for the analysis.Results: Patients and physicians wanted the questionnaires to cover: common symptoms and problems (e.g. pain, fatigue), disease and treatment‐specific issues (common for patients with similar diagnosis and/or treatment), individual patient‐specific issues (usually non‐physical, e.g. prognosis, family issues, sexuality) were important to some patients and relevant at specific points in the cancer journey. The timing and scope of enquiry should be flexible and correspond to disease and treatment stages. A model for measurement in clinical practice is proposed combining standard questionnaires with disease/treatment‐specific items and a prompt list of items, aiming to facilitate discussion of individual‐specific issues and minimize patient burden. Patients' and physicians' views on the clinical value of this approach are described.Conclusions: The findings emphasized the need for individualized assessment alongside standard measures, for flexible measurement adapted to treatment and follow‐up, for clear interpretation of scores and decision guidelines. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Marital status and non‐small cell lung cancer survival: the Lung Cancer Database Project in Japan
Authors: Saito‐Nakaya Kumi , Nakaya Naoki , Akechi Tatsuo , Inagaki Masatoshi , Asai Mariko , Goto Koichi , Nagai Kanji , Nishiwaki Yutaka , Tsugane Shoichiro , Fukudo Shin , Uchitomi Yosuke 
Published: November 2007

AbstractObjective: Previous studies have suggested that marital status is associated with survival from lung cancer; however, its association is not conclusive. The association between marital status and survival in Japanese patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was prospectively investigated.Methods: Between July 1999 and July 2004, a total of 1230 NSCLC patients were enrolled. The baseline survey consisted of the collection of clinical information and various demographic data, including marital status. A Cox regression model was used to estimate the hazards ratio (HR) of all‐cause mortality adjustments for age, BMI, education level, performance status, histology type, clinical stage, smoking status, choice of definitive treatment, and depression.Results: The multivariable adjusted HR of male widowed patients versus male married patients was 1.7 (95% confidence interval=1.2–2.5, p=0.005). However, no significant increased risk of death in female widowed patients compared with female married patients was observed (HR=0.7, 95% confidence interval=0.5–1.1, p=0.15). With regard to separated/divorced and single patients no significant increased risk of death in male and/or female compared with married patients was observed.Conclusions: The present data suggest that male widowed patients with NSCLC have a higher mortality rate than male married patients with NSCLC, after controlling for various factors. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Randomized controlled trial of the active music engagement (AME) intervention on children with cancer
Authors: Robb Sheri L. , Clair Alicia A. , Watanabe Masayo , Monahan Patrick O. , Azzouz Faouzi , Stouffer Janice W. , Ebberts Allison , Darsie Emily , Whitmer Courtney , Walker Joey , Nelson Kirsten , Hanson‐Abromeit Deanna , Lane Deforia , Hannan Ann 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBackground: Coping theorists argue that environmental factors affect how children perceive and respond to stressful events such as cancer. However, few studies have investigated how particular interventions can change coping behaviors. The active music engagement (AME) intervention was designed to counter stressful qualities of the in‐patient hospital environment by introducing three forms of environmental support.Method: The purpose of this multi‐site randomized controlled trial was to determine the efficacy of the AME intervention on three coping‐related behaviors (i.e. positive facial affect, active engagement, and initiation). Eighty‐three participants, ages 4–7, were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: AME (n = 27), music listening (ML; n = 28), or audio storybooks (ASB; n = 28). Conditions were videotaped to facilitate behavioral data collection using time‐sampling procedures.Results: After adjusting for baseline differences, repeated measure analyses indicated that AME participants had a significantly higher frequency of coping‐related behaviors compared with ML or ASB. Positive facial affect and active engagement were significantly higher during AME compared with ML and ASB (p<0.0001). Initiation was significantly higher during AME than ASB (p<0.05).Conclusion: This study supports the use of the AME intervention to encourage coping‐related behaviors in hospitalized children aged 4–7 receiving cancer treatment. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and conformational studies of pseudopeptides containing an unsymmetrical triazine scaffold
Authors: Bourguet Erika , Correia Isabelle , Dorgeret Bertrand , Chassaing Gerard , Sicsic Sames , Ongeri Sandrine 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSolid‐phase synthesis and conformational studies of two pseudopeptides constituted by a triazine scaffold bound to two peptidic arms are described. In this paper, a new scaffold based on unsymmetrical triamino 1,3,5‐triazine bearing two alkyl chains has been designed, assisted by molecular modelling, as a mimic of the backbone of the i + 1 and i + 2 residues of a β‐turn. The results confirm the ability of the triazine scaffold to induce extended conformations of the peptidic strands and point out that this scaffold is a good candidate as a template to induce anti‐parallel β‐sheet structure. Copyright © 2007 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Glycopeptide dendrimers. Part II
Authors: Niederhafner Petr , Šebestík Jaroslav , Ježek Jan 
Published: November 2007

AbstractGlycopeptide dendrimers are regularly branched structures containing both carbohydrates and peptides. Various types of these compounds differing in composition and structure are mentioned, together with their practical use spanning from catalysis, transport vehicles to synthetic vaccines. This Part II (for Part I see Ježek J, et al., J. Pept. Sci. 2008; 14: 2–43) covers linear oligomers with variable valency (brush dendrimers, comb dendrimers), sequential oligopeptide carriers SOCn‐I and SOCn‐II, chitosan‐based dendrimers, and brush dendrimers. Other types of glycopeptide dendrimers are self‐immolative dendrimers (cascade release dendrimers, domino dendrimers), dendrimers containing ω‐amino acids (Gly, β‐Ala, γ‐Abu and ε‐aminohexanoic acid), etc. Microwave‐assisted synthesis of dendrimers and libraries of glycopeptides and glycopeptide dendrimers are also included. Characterization of dendrimers by electromigration methods, mass spectrometry, and time‐resolved and nonlinear optical spectroscopy, etc. plays an important role in purity assessment and structure characterization. Physicochemical properties of dendrimers including chirality are given. Stability of dendrimers, their biocompatibility and toxicity are reviewed. Finally, biomedical applications of dendrimers including imaging agents (contrast agents), site‐specific drug delivery systems, artificial viruses, synthetic antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer vaccines, inhibitors of cell surface protein–carbohydrate interactions, intervention with bacterial adhesion, etc. are given. Glycopeptide dendrimers were used also for studying recognition processes, as diagnostics and mimetics, for complexation of different cations, for therapeutic purposes, as immunodiagnostics, and in drug design. Copyright © 2007 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Building bridges: the social structure of interdependent innovation
Authors: Kleinbaum Adam M. , Tushman Michael L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMultidivisional firms often fail to take advantage of innovations that involve combining resources from distinct divisions. This failure of cross‐line‐of‐business innovation is a consequence of design choices employed to execute the firm's strategy: in organizing around its core businesses, the firm renders interdependence between divisions residual to the formal structure. As a result, those innovations which involve cross‐line‐of‐business interdependence are trumped by the firm's articulated strategy and structure. Social structures could, potentially, fill this coordination gap. But social structures associated with the initiation of interdependent innovation are inversely associated with their execution. We build a dynamic, corporate‐level, evolutionary model in which individuals autonomously initiate cross‐line‐of‐business projects not through the formal structure of the firm, but using contacts from their own social networks. Some of these projects are selected and actively supported by senior executives; this support sends clear signals about what collaboration is valued by the firm, which gives other actors powerful, albeit informal, incentives to connect with others across the interunit boundary. As a result, the sparse interunit social structure that was conducive to initiation changes, becoming much more cohesive (at least locally) and is able to support execution and retain these interdependent innovations. Thus, where intra‐divisional innovations are primarily driven by organizational structure, we suggest that interdivisional innovations are driven primarily by social networks. Copyright © 2007 Strategic Management Society.
Is Paul A. Weiss' and Ludwig von Bertalanffy's system thinking still valid today?
Authors: Drack Manfred , Apfalter Wilfried 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe roots of what is today called general system theory (GST) can be traced back to Vienna of the early 20th century. Here, in the 1920s, Paul Weiss performed experiments in the Viennese Prater Vivarium (a privately founded research institution devoted to experimental biology) and found that his results were totally incompatible with the prevailing mechanistic concepts dominating the biologists' way of thinking. Therefore, he proposed a system view. At about the same time, Ludwig von Bertalanffy, coming from philosophical grounds, tried to overcome the dispute in biology of vitalism versus mechanism by developing an organismic concept. They met each other and discussed the biological concepts when Bertalanffy was still a student. Rupert Riedl knew both scholars personally and thought that their ideas were of paramount importance not only for the biologist's world view. Thus, he initiated a research project called ‘System Theory Today’, in which the developments in system theory in the last three decades should be investigated. The focus of the project here described lies in the reception of system theory after Bertalanffy's death in 1972. Further developments as well as reductionistic tendencies are to be addressed. As our preliminary studies have shown, many disciplines have adopted system theory for their needs, but some of the modified theories diverge from the original context. On the one side the development in the different disciplines is positive, on the other side it leads to contradictory positions followed by misunderstandings and building up new borders that are weakening the prime intention of system theory. System theory was always meant to be an integrative tool for all sciences, aiming for a dialogue between scientific disciplines. Based on the theory arising from biology, the developments in different disciplines (from mathematics to engineering, from medicine to economics, but especially life sciences) will be investigated. The key question is whether Bertalanffy's and Weiss' system thinking still plays a role in science today and especially if there are contributions that broaden or reduce the concept. To complete the picture, the recently recovered Bertalanffy estate, which is now hosted by the University of Vienna, will play an important role. The working hypothesis is that what was made out of GST is a considerable reduction of the original concept. In this paper, an overview of the research work in the project will be given. It starts with system concepts in 1920s biology and the thoughts of Weiss and Bertalanffy. Therefrom the basic concepts are extracted to be compared with the contemporary developments of GST. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genistein-induced proteome changes in the human endometrial carcinoma cell line, ishikawa
Authors: Konstantakopoulos Nicki , Larsen Martin R. , Campbell Ian G. , Quinn Michael A. , Baker Mark S. , Georgiou Harry M. , Rice Gregory E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractEpidemiological studies have shown that Asian populations display a lower incidence of hormone-dependant cancers, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and menopausal ailments compared to Western societies. Available data support the proposal that lower incidence is associated with the high dietary consumption of isoflavones, such as genistein. This study used two-dimensional electrophoresis to characterize the effect of genistein on the proteome of an endometrial tumor cell model, namely the Ishikawa cell line. Proteome maps displaying approx 1800 proteins were obtained from cells treated with vehicle or genistein at physiologically attainable concentrations of 0.5, 5, or 50 μMor supra-physiological concentration, 500 μM. The effects of genistein on protein expression were characterized using image analysis software. A total 65 protein spots displayed a significant decrease in expression and 32 proteins displayed a significant increase in expression. Of these protein spots, 29 were randomly selected for characterization by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem mass spectrometry, yielding 18 different proteins. This type of analysis enabled the characterization of a wide range of cellular proteins and allowed for the identification of functional and biochemical pathways that may be regulated or affected by genistein, including cellular transcription, cell proliferation, stress response, or modulation of oncogenic pathways.
Comparison of protein expression lists from mass spectrometry of human blood fluids using exact peptide sequences versus BLAST
Authors: Zhu Peihong , Bowden Peter , Pendrak Voitek , Thiele Herbert , Zhang Du , Siu Michael , Diamandis Eleftherios P. , Marshall John 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The proteins in blood were all first expressed as mRNAs from genes within cells. There are databases of human proteins that are known to be expressed as mRNA in human cells and tissues. Proteins identified from human blood by the correlation of mass spectra that fail to match human mRNA expression products may not be correct. We compared the proteins identified in human blood by mass spectrometry by 10 different groups by correlation to human and nonhuman nucleic acid sequences. We determined whether the peptides or proteins identified by the different groups mapped to the human known proteins of the Reference Sequence (RefSeq) database. We used Structured Query Language data base searches of the peptide sequences correlated to tandem mass spectrometry spectra and basic local alignment search tool analysis of the identified full length proteins to control for correlation to the wrong peptide sequence or the existence of the same or very similar peptide sequence shared by more than one protein. Mass spectra were correlated against large protein data bases that contain many sequences that may not be expressed in human beings yet the search returned a very high percentage of peptides or proteins that are known to be found in humans. Only about 5% of proteins mapped to hypothetical sequences, which is in agreement with the reported false-positive rate of searching algorithms conditions. The results were highly enriched in secreted and soluble proteins and diminished in insoluble or membrane proteins. Most of the proteins identified were relatively short and showed a similar size distribution compared to the RefSeq database. At least three groups agree on a nonredundant set of 1671 types of proteins and a nonredundant set of 3151 proteins were identified by at least three peptides.