bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies on Organic Reagents for Inorganic Analysis. IV. Syntheses of New Phenylfluorone Derivatives and their Reactions with Metal Ions
Authors: Sano Hirotoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
2,3,7-Trihydroxy-9-(3′-nitrophenyl) fluorone, 2,3,7-trihydroxy-9-(4′-nitrophenyl)fluorone, and 2,3,7-trihydroxy-(2′-sulfophenyl)fluorone were synthesized by a comparatively simple procedure, for the purpose of studying the reaction between the colorimetric reagent and metal ions and to search for a useful colorimetric reagent. The effects of the substituents introduced on the absorption maxima of the dyes and the metal chelates formed, and on the reactivities of the dyes with metal ions such as germanium(IV), zirconium(IV), and titanium(IV). 2′Sulfophenylfluorone metal chelates are soluble in an ethanolic or cyclohexanolethanolic solution. 3′-Nitrophenylfluorone is most excellent as the colorimetric reagent for the determination of metal ions because of the high stubility high sensitivity and low absorbance of the blank solution.
Optical Properties of Colored Colloidal Systems. I. Theoretical Studies on the Extinction of Light by the System of Small Spherical Particles
Authors: Nakagaki Masayuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The extinction, scattering and absorption of light by the colored colloidal systems of small spherical particles have been discussed. Approximate equations for these quantities have been derived for a case where the size of particles and the absorption coefficient of the dispersed phase are relatively small. Using these equations, the numerical values of the quantities have been computed for the systematically varied values of the relative index,(m0−ik0), and of α.
It is shown by the results of the com putation that the values of the extinction and the absorption by the colloidal systems of small colored spheres (whose α-value is smaller than about 0.5) are the smaller, the greater the value of m0. On the other hand, the scattering increases with m0,ik0 and α.
The values of the scattering coefficient calculated by the approximate equations showed sufficient agreement with the values by the Mie theory as far as α is smaller than 0.6.
Studies on the Mannich Reaction. I. On the Formation of Piperidine Derivatives (1)
Authors: Uchino Norito 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) In the reaction of acetophenone with formaldehyde and ammonium chloride, tris-(β-benzoylethyl)-amine hydrochloride (III·HCl) and4-hydroxy-4-phenyl-5-benzoyl-1-(β-benzoylethyl)-piperidine hydrochloride (IV·HCl) were produced via bis-(β-benzoylethyl)-amine hydrochloride (II·HCl) after mono-(β-benzoylethyl)-amine hydrochloride (I·HCl).
2) Phenyl vinyl ketone readily reacted with compound I·HCl or II·HCl to give compounds III·HCl and IV·HCl.
On the Phase Transition of Hexamethyldisilane
Authors: Suga Hiroshi , Seki Syûzô 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Measurements of the heat capacity (200∼300°K) and the vapor pressure (274∼310°K) were carried out covering the transition and melting points of hexamethyldisilane. The following results were obtained; Ttr 221.8°K, ΔH(transition) 2330 cal./mol., ΔS(transition) 10.5 e. u.; Tf 287.72°K, ΔH(fusion) 721 cal./mol, ΔS(fusion) 2.51 e. u.; vapor pressure equations,
& logP(mmHg)=-2105.4/T+8.5503
& (274.5∼286.6°K)
& logP(mmHg)=-1953.1/T+8.0105
& (287.6∼310.4°K);
ΔH sub 9640±25 cal./mol., ΔSsub 26.0±0.17 e.u., ΔG°298.16(sub.) 1900±76 cal./mol.; ΔHvap 8943±16 cal./mol., ΔSvap 23.5±0.05 e. u., ΔG°298.16(vap.) 1940±31 cal./mol.
These data showed that the present crystal belongs to the class of plastic crystal. We have discussed the qualitative nature of the phase transition in the present crystal from the point of view of entropy, referring to the X-ray and the nuclear magnetic resonance studies. The remarkable “vapor snake” phenomenon was also observed on this material.
Stereoregular Polymers. I. Polymerization of Styrene by Triethylaluminum-Titanium Tetrachloride Catalysts
Authors: Murahashi Shunsuke , Nozakura Shun’ichi , Sumi Masao , Hatada K\={o}ichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Styrene was polymerized by the heterogeneous catalysts of Ziegler’s type which were prepared under various conditions. The important factor which have pronounced effects on the stereospecificity and the catalytic activity of the mixture are concluded to be the existence of the remaining titanium tetrachloride,ethylaluminium chlorides and some soluble aluminium-titanium complex compounds, and the crystalline nature of the solid catalytic mass.The first three are considered to be responsible for the atactic polymerization of styrene and can be removed by washing with n-heptane. The crystallinity of the solid catalysts seems to be necessary for its high tereospecificity and catalytic activity.
The solid catalyst was examined by X-ray. It was found that the crystalline component of the catalyst did not correspond to TiCl3 or TiCl2, and thus it was suggested that some crystalline complex compounds containing Al and Ti or some other modification of TiCl3 (or TiCl2) would be responsible for the effective catalytic component of Ziegler catalyst. The authors also suggested that the fact might be one of the important differences between the heterogeneous catalysts of Ziegler’s type and Natta’s type.
The Mannich Base of Troponoid and its Application. II. On 5-Bromomethyltropolone Derivative
Authors: Seto Shuichi , Ogura Kyozo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Reaction of 3,7-dibromo-5-hydroxymethyltropolone with hydrobromic acid affords 3,7-dibromo-5 -bromomethyltropolone, which has a high reactivity and reacts with various anionoid reagents to undergo substitution of bromine in the bromomethyl group. In this manner it is possible to extend the substituent by forming C–O, C–N, C–S and C–C bonding at the tip of the methyl group in position 5 of the tropolone ring.
Magnetochemical Investigation on Thermal Decomposition of Silver Oxide
Authors: Tobisawa Sh\={o}taro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) It was found, by means of the thermal and magnetic balance, that the decomposition temperatures of silver oxide and of silver oxide containing silver carbonate are 354 and 372°C, respectively.
(2) The magnetic susceptibilities of metallic silver obtained by the decomposition and of silver oxide are −0.21×10−6and −0.48×10−6 units per gram at room temperature, respectively. Metallic silver is normally diamagnetic from room temperature to 1100°C.
(3) Under the present experimental conditions, the rate of decomposition is represented by the equation dx⁄dt=aitbi for the whole course of the decomposition, where i is the subscript for each stage, and generally both ai and bi depend on the temperature. It is considered that nuclei are created at intervals as the reaction proceeds.
Absorption Spectra of Dyes. II. On Non-additivity of Absorption Spectra of Binary Mixtures of a Direct Dye and Some Acid Dyes in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Tanizaki Yoshié , Kobayashi Teruaki , Ando Noboru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. Absorption spectra of mixtures of Direct Sky Blue 6B with p-X-aniline → γ acid, in which the substituent X means H, CH3, OCH3, Cl or NO2, and the components in aqueous solution were observed in the visible and near ultraviolet regions.
2. All the absorption bands showed non-additive property, excepting the bands in the region of 400∼460 mμ of the mixtures of Sky Blue and X-β shown in Figs. 2 and 3. And optical densities of observed bands of a mixture were generally smaller than sums of the values of each component, but when the acid dyes made by α coupling were used as other components, increases were seen at the positions corresponding to wave lengths of the first bands of them.
3. An explanation for these non-additive properties was given by means of the interaction between the corresponding bands of components.
4. At the same time, in this connection, it is pointed out that the apparent single band of the first of p-X-aniline → γ acid in α coupling consists of two bands and similarly the first band of Direct Sky Blue 6B may also consist of two bands.
Estimation of the Energy of Hydrogen Bonds Formed in Crystals. I. Sublimation Pressures of Some Organic Molecular Crystals and the Additivity of Lattice Energy
Authors: Aihara Ariyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Sublimation pressures of a number of organic molecular crystals were measured by a viscosity gauge. The heats of sublimation of these compounds were examined in relation to their molecular structures, and it was concluded that an additivity rule could be applied to the lattice energies of these crystals as a first approximation.
Stress Relaxation of Thermo-Reversible Gels. Polyvinyl Alcohol–Congo Red–Water System
Authors: Arakawa Kiyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Stress relaxation curves were obtained for the gels of the polyvinyl alcohol-conga red-water system in the temperature range, 15∼60°C, by means of a chainomatic relaxometer. The molecular weight of polyvinyl alcohol was 8.5×104, and gels of 15.0 and 17.5% were used, where the concentration of congo red was adjusted to be 1/10 of that of polyvinyl alcohol. Master relaxation curves were obtained for each concentration over the range, 10−2∼109hr, and relaxation spectra were calculated by the second order approximation. The following results were obtained.
1) The logaT vs. T relation gives a single curve for two concentrations, and does not obey the equation of WLF form, Also it has characteristics similar to that of agar-agar gels.
2) The apparent activation energy is kept constant to be 42 kcal. below about 43°C, and above this temperature it sharply increases with temperature.
3) The reduction on concentration to a single composite relaxation curve seems to be possible in rough approximation.
Study on the Reductive Spinel—A New Spinel Formula AlN–Al2O3 instead of the Previous One Al3O4
Authors: Yamaguchi Goro , Yanagida Hiroaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A compound between aluminum oxide and aluminum nitride can be produced in a reductive atmosphere above 1650°C.
A new spinel formula AlN–Al2O3 should be adopted instead of the previous one Al2O–5Al2O3 or Al3O4.
The physical constants of AlN-Al2O3 are as follows: crystal structure Fd3m, Z=8, a=7.940 Å; density 3.78g./cc.; dielectric constant 23.8; refractive index 1.80; magnetic susceptibility −0.34×10−6/g
Abnormal Reduction of 2-Methoxy-5-hydroxy-1-naphthylacetic Acid
Authors: Matsumoto Takeshi , Suzuki Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-5-hydroxy-1-naphthylacetic acid has been obtained from 2-methoxy-5-hydroxy-1-naphthylacetic acid by reduction either with sodium and n-butanol, or with lithium and liquid ammonia-ethanol. In the former case, under moderate conditions, 1,2,3, 4-tetrahydro-2-oxo-4, 5-dihydroxy-1-naphthylacetic acid has been isolated as a by-product.
Studies on Dehydroalanine Derivatives. I. Synthesis of N-Carboxy-dehydroalanine Anhydride
Authors: Sakakibara Shumpei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
N-Carboxy dehydroalanine anhydride was first synthesized from carbobenzoxy dehydroalanine. The structure of the N-carboxy anhydride was confirmed by the analysis of its infrared spectrum and by the investigation of its chemical behavior. The hydrolytic reaction of the N-carboxy anhydride was compared with that of N-carboxy Dl-alanine anhydride, and it was supposed that dehydroalanine carbamic acid might exist stably in dioxane at ordinary temperature.
A Note on the Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectra of Some Thiophene Derivatives
Authors: Takahashi Kensuke , Matsuki Yasuo , Mashiko Tatsuo , Hazato Genjiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) The chemical shifts of the ring protons for twenty-two kinds of thiophene derivative were measured, and the qualitative discussions on the substituent effects were also given.
2) The coupling constants between the ring protons for thiophene derivatives can be generally assumed to be J45\simeqJ23&gt;J34&gt;J25&gt;J24\simeqJ35.
Molecular Structure and Rotational Isomerism of Some Fluorochloroethanes
Authors: Iwasaki Machio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In order to investigate the molecular structure and rotational isomerism, the electron diffraction camera having a rotating sector was designed and constructed and its application to some fluorochloroethanes was made successfully. The shortening of the C–F and the C–Cl bond by the substitution of atoms attached to one and the same carbon atom with other fluorine atoms was also revealed in fluorochloroethanes as well as fluorochloromethanes, although in the case of the C–Cl bond distance the inaccuracy of the data does not permit a definite conclusion to be drawn. It was definitly confirmed that there exist two rotational isomers, the trans (or Cs) and the gauche forms, in the vapor state for the molecules in question. The energy differences between the isomers and the azimuthal angles of the gauche form were determined and further discussed from the standpoint of intramolecular potential.
It was found that three fluorochloroethanes in question have almost equal and small energy differences in contrast to the remarkable variation in the case of chloroethanes. This is caused by the fluorine substitution which produces the decrease of the electrostatic part in the energy difference between the isomers.
The Crystal Structure of trans-Dibromo-bisethylenediamine-cobalt(III) Bromide Hydrobromide Dihydrate
Authors: Ooi Shun’ichiro , Komiyama Yoshimichi , Saito Yoshihiko , Kuroya Hisao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The structure of trans-dibromo-bisethylenediamine cobalt(III) bromide hydrobromide dihydrate has been determined by X-ray analysis. [Co en2Br2]Br·HBr·2H2O is monoclinic, a=10.98, b=8.18, c=9.46 Å, and β=113.2°, space group P21⁄c, two formula units in the cell. The structure consists of [Co en2Br2]+, [H2O···H···H2O]+ and Br−, and is isotype with [Co en2Cl2]Cl·HCl·2H2O. The complex ion has a center of symmetry. Two enantiomorphous ethylenediamine molecules, taking “gauche” configration, are coordinated to a cobalt atom. A cobalt atom is surrounded in a square coplanar configuration by four nitrogen atoms at distances 2.0 Å, and on a line approximately perpendicular to the plane of nitrogen atoms are two bromine atoms at distances 2.44 Å. The marked dichroism of the crystal is explainable in terms of the characteristic features in the arrangement of the complex ions in the crystal.
Study on Zinc Oxide-Chromium Oxide Catalyst. III. Promoting Effect of Chromium Oxide on Catalytic Activities for Methanol Synthesis and Decomposition
Authors: Ogino Yoshisada , Oba Masaaki , Uchida Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The catalysts have been prepared from pastes of zinc oxide powder kneaded with chromic acid solutions of different concentrations. From the pastes two series of the catalysts have been produced, namely the one directly from the paste and the other from the solid, free of the liquid, in the paste. Only the results on the latter series can give the correct relation of the catalyst composition to the catalytic activity, which indicates the activity rising with the higher chromic acid contents to an asymptotic maximum at the Cr/Zn ratio of 0.5.
\qquadThecatalytic activity on the catalysts of different Cr/Zn ratios almost parallels the specific surface area of the catalysts, while the specific activity based on unit specific surface area of the catalysts changes in a far less degree than the change in activity per unit gram of the catalyst. These suggest an intercrystalline promoting effect of chromic acid. Moreover the closer investigation on the activity reveals that both the activation energy and the frequency factor of the reactions which are based on unit surface area show a downward tendency with the increasing Cr/Zn ratios asymptotically to their respective minimums of presumable zinc chromite spinel. This shows besides an intracrystalline promoting effect of chromic acid.
\qquadWithinthe range of the present study, hardly any effect of chromic acid addition undesirable to the selectivity in the synthesis has been found.
Dissociation Constants of Some Carboxylic Acids in Mixed Aqueous Solvents
Authors: Yasuda Motoo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Several authors determined dissociation constants of acids such as benzoic, succinic and azelaic acids in mixed solvents and reported that the dissociation constants determined in aqueous dioxane were higher than those determined in aqueous alcohols having the same dielectric constants. However, if the variation of the amount of water in mixed solvents is taken into consideration in calculating the dissociation constant, an acid has almost the same dissociation constant in various mixed solvents with the same dielectric constant.
Interaction Polarization of the Hydrogen Bonded Complexes
Authors: Kimura Ko , Fujishiro Ryoichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The dielectric measurements for the system of benzyl alcohol-dioxane and that of phenol-dioxane, respectively, were carried out by using benzene as the solvent.
The induced polarization of the π-electrons in the latter system was evaluated based on some assumptions. From these, the additional moments due to delocalization were estimated and the weights of the structure III were evaluated for both systems.
Thermodynamic Studies on Cobalt Complexes. II. Solubility and Standard Free Energy of Formation of [CoA6]-type Salts
Authors: Mori Motoshichi , Tsuchiya Ryokichi , Okano Yasuhiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The solubilities of hexamminecobalt(III) chloride, bromide, nitrate and perchlorate were measured at 10∼35°C. From the solubility measurements the relationships between the equilibrium constant of the solution and the temperature were calculated. The heats of solution calculated from these data agreed approximately with the values given in the literature and those calculated by using formulae of Kapustinski\v{i} and Fajans.
The free energy changes of formation of these complexes in the solid state were calculated for the first time. It is concluded from the results that the stability of these salts decreases in the following order:
& [Co(NH_3)_6]Cl_3&gt;[Co(NH_3)_6](NO_3)_3&gt;
& [Co(NH_3)_6]Br_3&gt;[Co(NH_3)_6](ClO_4)_3
Therrnodynamic Studies on Cobalt Complexes. III. Thermal Dissociation of Hexamminecobalt(III) Chloride and Chloropentamminecobalt(III) Chloride
Authors: Mori Motoshichi , Tsuchiya Ryokichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The thermal dissociation of hexamminecobalt(III) and chloropentamminecobalt(III) chlorides was studied. The heats of dissociation calculated from the the data of dissociation pressure determined are in good agreement with the values calculated from other sources.
2. The free energy change of dissociation of hexamminecobalt(III) chloride was calculated and by combining this value with the standard free energy of formation of that complex previously obtained, the standard free energy of formation of chloropen tamminecobalt(III) chloride in the solid state was determined.
3. The rate of the thermal dissociation of hexamminecobalt(III) and chloropentamminecobalt(III) chlorides was determined and the activation energies of the dissociation were calculated.
Normal Stress Effects in Polymer Solutions. I. Measurements in a Parallel Plate Instrument
Authors: Tamura Mikio , Kurata Michio , Kotaka Tadao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Results of some geometrical studies of normal stress effects in a parallel plate instrument have been discussed. The parallelism and the concentricity of two plates are necessary conditions for the quantitative measurement. The rotational velocity of a cup should be kept below about 70 rpm for the apparatus with the cup radii about 6∼8 cm. to avoid the influence of the centrifugal force. Accesses of manometer tubes with the diameter about 2 mm. cause no appreciable disturbances. The influence of side gap may also be neglected. With these experimental remarks, the normal stresses are obtained as a function of the rate of shear.
The applicability of the concentration-temperature superposition procedures has been tested with the data obtained here. They are partly valid in some limited range of variables.
Intramolecular Interaction between Hydroxyl Group and π-Electrons. II. Limitation of the Interaction by Chain-length in ω-Hydroxy-1-alkenes
Authors: Oki Michinori , Iwamura Hiizu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Infrared absorption was measured with five ω-hydroxy-1-alkenes in the 3 μ region, using an instrument of high resolution and the following results were obtained.
1) Intramolecular interaction between the hydroxyl group and π-electrons was found in allyl alcohol and in 3-buten-1-ol.
2) Interactions which occur in allyl alcohol and in 3-buten-1-ol may be of a different kind.
3) Higher homologs also possess two O–H stretching absorption bands but these bands can not be associated with the intramolecular interaction.
Polarography of Tetracyano- and Dithiooxalato-Nickelate(II) Complexes
Authors: Maki Nobufumi , Kida Shigeo , Tsuchida Ryutaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. It was verified polarographically that the reaction between the ions, [Ni(CN)4]2− and [Ni(C2S2O2)]2−, takes place and the mixed complex ion, [Ni(C2S2O2) (CN)2]2−, is formed in solution. The rate of the reaction was so great that the progress of the reaction could not be traced by the usual polarographic method. Meanwhile the wave of the oxalato-ethylenediamine copper(II) complex, [Cu en ox], the presence of which in solution had been verified spectrophotometrically, was not detected polarographically. That is to say, the polarographic method can be applied to detect the formation of the mixed complex, the coordinating bonds of which have a considerable covalent character, such as [Ni(C2S2O2)(CN)2]2−, but can not be applied to detect the mixed complex having ionic bonds.
2. The ion, [Ni(C2S2O2)2]2−, is reduced irreversibly in two steps at the dropping mercury electrode in the presence of 0.0032% Tween-80, when If potassium chloride solution was used as a supporting electrolyte. The heights of the two waves are not proportional to the concentration of the ion. The height of the wave for the unit concentration of the ion increases with the decreasing concentration of the ion.
The Kinetics of the Complex-forming Reaction between Nickel(II) and Ethylenediaminetetraacetate
Authors: Tanaka Nobuyuki , Sakuma Yasuhiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The complex-forming reaction of nickel (II) with ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) was found to proceed in acetate buffers of pH 3.8 to 5.2 through four different reaction paths,
Ni2++HY3− \xrightarrowk1a NiHY−
NiOAc++HY3− \xrightarrowk1b NiHY−+OAc−
NiHY− \ightleftarrows NiY2−+H+
Ni2++H2Y2− \xrightarrowk2a NiH2Y
NiOAc++H2Y2− \xrightarrowk2a NiH2Y+OAc−
NiH2Y \ightleftarrows NiHY−+H+ \ightleftarrows NiY2−+2H+
The change in the polarographic diffusion current of nickel(II) at the rotated dropping mercury electrode was utilized to follow the decrease of the nickel(II) concentration in the reaction mixture after the initiation of the reaction. The rate constants of the reaction paths were determined at 0°C and ionic strength 0.2, with the results:
k 1a=1.06×104 mol−1 liter sec−1
k 1b=2.25×104 ”
k 2a=2.04×102 ”
k 2b=6.04×102 ”
These constants are much smaller than those of the corresponding reactions between copper(II) and EDTA.
Molecular Rotations of Glucides in Relation to their Structures. VII. Internal Conformation of O1α–Cm Bond in (OCH3)1α of Methyl α-d-Xylopyranoside and of Methyl β-l-Arabinopyranoside in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Yamana Shukichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
By the author’s new method, the internal conformation of O1α–Cm bond in (OCH3)1α of methyl α-d-xylopyranoside and of methyl β-l-arabinopyranoside in aqueous solutions was presumed. At the same time, Isbell and Pigman’s data and Hudson’s data of [M]D20(W) of l-arabinoses were discussed.