bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms Underlying the Suppression of Adjuvant‐Induced Arthritis by 6‐Mercaptopurine
Authors: Chang Yi‐Han 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDaily oral administration of 6‐mercaptopurine suppressed the development of the secondary (immune) lesions of adjuvant arthritis in a dose‐related manner. The degrees of arthritis suppression corresponded closely to suppressions of concurrent development of the humoral and the cellular immune response to El4 cells. A short course of therapy during the sensitization period (day — 1 to day 5 when the day of adjuvant injection is designated as day 0) appeared to be almost as effective as continued daily dosing (day —1 to day 15). The drug did not influence the development of the primary (nonimmune) lesions of adjuvant arthritis at all dosage levels investigated. Chronic pretreatment with 10 mg/kg/day PO for 17 days had no effect on the development of carrageenin–induced acute inflammation in the rat. The suppression of adjuvant arthritis by 6‐mercaptopurine, unlike suppression by cyclophosphamide, appears to result primarily from its suppressive action on the immune response.
Pneumocystis Carinii Associated with Polyarteritis and Immunosuppressive Therapy
Authors: Bungo Michael W. , Beetham William P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPneumocystis carinii characteristically causes pneumonia in patients with immunodeficiency disorders. It occurs most often in patients with malignancy or renal transplants whose immune response has been suppressed by corticosteroids or cytotoxic agents. Individuals with connective tissue disease who receive immunosuppressive drugs become susceptible to Pneumocystis. The incidence of Pneumocystis infection in connective tissue disease is low but may increase if immunosuppressive drugs are used more often. Our patient acquired Pneumocystis pneumonia after immunosuppressive therapy for polyarteritis nodosa. Prompt recognition of this condition is essential now that specific therapy is available. Untreated Pneumocystis infection is usually fatal.
Aspirin and Delayed Type Hypersensitivity
Authors: Duncan Matthew W. , Person Donald A. , Rich Robert R. , Sharp John T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effects of aspirin on delayed hypersensitivity were assessed in 40 healthy subjects who were randomly assigned to two equal groups. In a double‐blind format, the individuals in one group were placed on 4 gm aspirin daily for 5 days, and individuals in the other group were given placebo. Lymphocyte proliferation was measured before and 72 hours after the initiation of drug, by using three mitogens and four antigens. The percentages of T and B lymphocytes were likewise measured before and during therapy. The subjects were skin tested with the same four antigens 72 hours after the initiation of drug, and the skin tests were read 48 hours later. No significant differences between the two groups were detected when skin tests, lymphocyte proliferation, and percentage of T lymphocytes were compared.
Postinjection Nonvasomotor Reactions During Chrysotherapy
Authors: Halla James T. , Hardin Joe G. , Linn Julius E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring gold sodium thiomalate (GST) therapy, 15% of 100 unselected patients described recurring post‐injection reactions (PIRs), consisting of transient stiffness, arthralgias, myalgias, and constitutional symptoms. Six patients with more severe reactions requested discontinuation of chrysotherapy and for these, gold thioglucose (GTG) substitution abolished or amelioriated the reactions. The major significance of the PIR is that it may be a frequent cause of unwarranted premature abandonment of chrysotherapy.
HLA and Recurrent Episodic Arthropathy Associated with Rubella Vaccination
Authors: Griffiths Marie M. , Spruance Spotswood L. , Ogra Pearay L. , Thompson George R. , Dewitt Charles W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe frequencies of 21 HLA antigens in 33 patients who developed recurrent, episodic arthropathy after receiving the HPV–77 DK–12 rubella vaccine have been determined and compared with those of a control population. Trends toward increased frequencies of HLA antigens B12 (P = 0.02) and B14 (P = 0.04) and of the haplotype A2, B12 (P = 0.01) did not reach significance when corrections for the number of antigen determinations were included in the statistical analysis. These data show that the syndrome of recurrent arthropathy following rubella vaccination is genetically distinct from the connective tissue diseases associated with HLA–B27.
Therapeutic Studies in NZB/NZW F1 Mice
Authors: Gerber N. Lynn , Powell Deborah , Steinberg Alfred D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCyclophosphamide (Cy) has been demonstrated to be effective in treating autoimmune disease in NZB/NZW F1 mice. This study was designed to compare the efficacy of chlorambucil (Chlor) with that of a known effective drug (Cy) in the treatment of murine lupus. NZB/W female mice were treated with Cy, Chlor, or nothing on a once‐a‐month dosage schedule. The age of onset of proteinuria, the severity of glomerular lesions, and the median survival were compared among the three treatment groups. Cy was found to be superior to Chlor and controls in all measures.
Ultrastructural Study of Avian Synovium Infected with an Arthrotropic Reovirus
Authors: Walker E. R. , Friedman M. H. , Olson N. O. , Nee P. B. De 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree‐week‐old chicks were inoculated via the foot pad with the avian reovirus (strain WVU 2937) that has been proved to be the causative agent in avian viral arthritis. The initial stages of the avian reovirus infection in the synovium of the hock joint were studied by transmission electron microscopy to shed light on the early virus‐host relationship of an arthrotropic virus and synovial tissue. At 48 hours postinoculation (PI), coated, partially coated, and uncoated virus particles were seen in a dense lysosome‐like inclusion in the cytoplasm of subsynovial fibroblasts. Virus replication was demonstrated in fibroblasts of the subsynovium 4 days PI. Infiltration of leukocytes into the area of the virus replication was noted at the time of virus replication (4 days PI). By the second week of the infection (11 days PI), the subsynovium was heavily infiltrated with lymphocytes and plasma cells, and proliferative changes had occurred in the synovial lining cells.
Limited Anti‐DNA Antibody Specificity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Berzofsky Ronald N. , Dorsch Carole A. , Stevens Mary Betty 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐one sera from 11 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were titrated with 125I‐ss‐calf thymus DNA to determine their maximum capacity to bind DNA. Only five sera were capable of binding > 90% of the input DNA. The remaining sixteen sera showed maximum DNA binding levels between 35% and 85%. The inability of these sera to bind all of the input DNA is shown to be dependent on variations in the molecular weight of the DNA antigen. The possibility that these differences in DNA binding reflect differences in antigenic specificity is discussed.
The Primary Plasmin Inhibitor in Rheumatoid Synovial Fluid
Authors: Clemmensen Inge , Donde René , Andersen R. Bach 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn 20 consecutive rheumatoid arthritis patients, 14 women and 6 men, age 26–76, average 62 years, the concentration of the recently found “primary plasmin inhibitor” and phase proteins was estimated in plasma and synovial fluid. In 12 patients a complex between the inhibitor and plasmin could be demonstrated by crossed immunoelectrophoresis into immunoglobulins against the primary plasmin inhibitor and immunoglobulin against plasminogen. Only free inhibitor was found in corresponding plasma. All plasminogen present in synovial fluid could be activated to plasmin upon addition of urokinase (24 nM/1). In those patients where enzyme‐inhibitor complex in synovial fluid was present, a higher concentration of phase proteins in synovial fluid was found, indicating an increased degree of inflammation despite identical scores in the Lansbury clinical index in the two groups. From these experiments it was concluded that the fibrinolytic capacity in rheumatoid synovial fluid is not decreased. It is suggested that the fibrin‐like material in synovial tissue and upon the synovial membrane is a poor substrate for plasmin.
Radioimmunoassay of serum myoglobin in polymyositis and other conditions
Authors: Nishikai Masahiko , Reichlin Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRadioimmunoassay of serum myoglobin was done in 53 patients with polymyositis syndromes and other conditions. Serum myoglobin values in 33 healthy subjects ranged from 4 to 77 [mean 33.3 ± 19.8 (SD)] ng/ml. Fifty percent of polymyositis patients had elevated serum myoglobin levels (> 80 ng/ml). Serum myoglobin values in polymyositis patients fluctuated more sensitively than CPK and GOT. Combined estimation of myoglobin and CPK offers advantages for the detection of muscle injury and the prediction of disease exacerbation.
Adsorption of polymorphonuclear leukocyte lysosomal enzymes to monosodium urate crystals
Authors: Ginsberg Mark H. , Kozin Franklin , Chow Donald , May James , Skosey John L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMonosodium urate (MSU) crystals induced prompt release of iysozyme, and slower release of β‐glucuronidase, α‐mannosidase, and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) from polymorphonuclear leukocytes. At increasing crystal concentrations, an increasing delay in the apparent onset of β‐glucuronidase release was detected which appears to be due to selective adsorption of enzyme activities to the MSU crystals: β‐glucuronidase > LDH > α‐mannosidase > lysozyme. Lysosomal enzyme adsorption by MSU crystals may then contribute to experimental error or may modulate gouty inflammation.
Acute bilateral symmetrical pathologic fractures of the lateral tibial plateaus in a patient with Gaucher's disease
Authors: Iii Frank Seinsheimer , Mankin Henry J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 41‐year‐old woman with Gaucher's disease developed bone crises of both proximal tibiae and of her spine concurrent with a syndrome of severe gastroenteritis. Three to six months later the bilateral symmetrical pathologic collapse of both lateral tibial plateaus occurred. The unusual occurrence of multiple bone crises with the gastroenteritis suggests a common causative agent, possibly a severe viremia.
Pathogenesis of chronic inflammation in experimental ferritin‐induced arthritis.
Authors: Ohno Osamu , Tateishi Hiroomi , Cooke T. Derek 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe earliest and most severe changes in articular collagenous tissues (ACT) occur within 24 hours of antigen challenge and are associated with and are possibly secondary to maximal immune complex deposition in ACT surfaces. The immuno‐electron microscopic (immuno‐em) staining characterizes the ferritin as aggregates with antibody and suggests its occurrence and deposition as a preformed immune complex. These data indicate a direct interaction between immune complexes and collagenous matrix which could relate to both antigen persistence and chronicity of the immune response. The changes described in this model have features in common with rheumatoid disease and suggest the potential for similar mechanisms of cartilage degradation.
Drugs affecting the release of rheumatoid factor in a plaque‐forming cell assay
Authors: Moore Terry L. , Robbins Dick L. , Rose Jean E. , Vaughan John H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAddition of propranolol to the agarose phase of a plaque‐forming cell (PFC) assay for rheumatoid factor (RF) caused reduction in the number of plaques seen. This reduction in rheumatoid factor plaque‐forming cell (RF PFC) did not depend upon an effect at the β‐adrenergic receptor, since d‐ and l‐propranolol reduced equally well. Furthermore, in a series of polycyclic compounds with varying β‐receptor blocking capabilities there was no agreement between plaque reduction and blocking. When propranolol was tested in the agarose in an anti‐sheep erythrocyte (SRC) plaque assay (anti‐SRC PFC), it had no inhibitory effect, but it was capable of inhibiting the generation of new anti‐SRC PFC in an in vitro culture. Propranolol is thought to exert these effects through its membrane stabilizing (anesthetic) properties.
Hemarthrosis as the presenting manifestation of true myeloma joint disease
Authors: Mintz Gregorio , Robles‐Saavedra Elsa J. , Enríquez Rubén D. , Jiménez F. Javier , Juàn MA. Lourdes 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis is the first report of a patient with hemarthrosis due to invasion of the synovial membrane by myeloma cells. With angiographic studies of the affected joint it was apparent that the tumor tissue extended from the destructive bone lesion of the femoral condyle into the synovial membrane. Intraarticular spontaneous bleeding was the first manifestation of a monoclonal IgG multiple myeloma; the hemarthrosis recurred after drainage but was controlled with local roentgen therapy.
Neoantigen of the membrane attack complex of human complement
Authors: Curd John G. , Sundsmo John S. , Kolb William P. , Bluestein Harry G. , Müller‐Eberhard Hans J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSince complement activation and hematological abnormalities occur in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the present study is an investigation of whether the membrane attack complex of complement might be bound to peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) in vivo. Assembly of the membrane attack complex results in the generation of neoantigen (neoAg) which is complex‐specific and not expressed by any of the individual complement proteins. FITC antiserum specific to neoAg was employed to detect the membrane attack complex on PBL from 7 normal donors, 12 patients with SLE, and 2 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA): 3 ± 1% of normal, 25 ± 13% of SLE, and 23 ± 11% of RA PBL were positive. The majority of the neoAg positive PBL in SLE were polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) as shown by adherence to plastic, phagocytosis of carbonyl iron, and differential cell counts. The PBL were > 98% viable as indicated by the trypan blue exclusion technique. These observations strongly suggest that the membrane attack complex may be bound to viable PBL in patients with SLE and RA, and further raise the possibility that the membrane attack complex may have a function other than lysis.
Immunopathologic studies of rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: Paget Stephen A. , Anderson Karen , Phillips Paul E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA sensitive complement‐dependent chromium release cytotoxicity assay was used to determine whether sera from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients contain antibody specific for an antigen on rheumatoid synovial cell cultures. Two hundred eight RA sera–RA synovial culture combinations were studied employing 21 sera and 16 synovial membranes; control combinations were derived from 5 normal sera and 10 degenerative joint disease synovial membranes. Anticomplementary activity of some rheumatoid sera was overcome using an increased complement concentration. The percent cytotoxicity of RA serum–RA culture combinations, both homologous and autologous, was not significantly greater than that of RA serum–control culture combinations. No correlation between duration of disease or duration of cell culture and percent cytotoxicity was found. Thus a unique antigen on cultured rheumatoid synovial cells was not recognized by rheumatoid serum antibody by use of this cytotoxicity assay.
Monozygotic Twins With Klinefelter's Syndrome Discordant For Systemic Lupus Erythematosus And Symptomatic Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Michalski Joseph P. , Snyder Steven M. , Mcleod Rima L. , Talal Normal 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMonozygotic twins with Klinefelter's syndrome were evaluated for two distinct illnesses. One subject had clinical and serologic evidence of systemic lupus erythematosus and no symptoms of muscle weakness. His identical twin had typical symptoms and laboratory evidence of myasthenia gravis. Antibodies to acetylcholine receptors were present in both subjects. These patients are discussed in relation to genetic, hormonal, and immunologic mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of these two disorders.
Comparison Of The Presence Of Immune Complexes In Felty'S Syndrome And Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Andreis Mario , Hurd Eric R. , Lospalluto Joseph , Ziff Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEvidence has been found to document the presence of circulating immune complexes in all patients with Felty's syndrome. The sera of all 12 patients studied showed intermediate complexes by analytical ultracentrifugation. The sera of 9 of 12 patients (75%) showed precipitin lines upon immunodiffusion against IgM rheumatoid factor. Both findings were statistically increased above those in a matched group of patients with classic rheumatoid arthritis. The presence of circulating immune complexes in the sera of the Felty patients was consistent with the observation that large inclusions containing IgG, IgM, and complement were phagocytized by normal polymorphonuclear cells when incubated with sera of Felty patients. Normal polymorphonuclear cells phagocytosed inclusions from 77% of Felty sera, compared with 27% of classic rheumatoid arthritis sera. It is suggested that the uptake of immune complexes by polymorphonuclear cells plays a role in the neutropenia of Felty's syndrome.
Studies Of The Effects Of Pregnancy Serum On Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Functions
Authors: Persellin Robert H. , Leibfarth June K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe phagocytosis of both viable and heat‐killed Staphylococcus aureus by normal human neutrophils was diminished in the presence of pregnancy serum. Particle ingestion was reduced significantly (P < 0.0025) after 5 minutes of incubation when leukocytes were in 15% serum obtained during the latter phases of gestation. Control sera from normal adult females or males or from cord blood all functioned normally in support of phagocytosis. Intracellular metabolic events occurring after ingestion, including bacterial killing and nitro‐blue tetrazolium reduction, were decreased in proportion to the number of particles ingested. Differential studies involving leukocytes obtained from either pregnant or control subjects, when suspended in either pregnancy or control serum pools, showed the inhibition was due to a humoral and not a cellular factor. Mixing experiments demonstrated that serum obtained during gestation contained a suppressor or neutrophil function rather than a deficiency of a factor required for phagocytosis. The pregnancy serum suppressant affected cells, not the particles ingested, and was found to be non‐dialyzable and heat‐stable. Hydrocortisone added to control sera to exceed the steroid concentrations found in pregnancy sera did not retard phagocytosis nor diminish bactericidal activity. The data suggest that the active serum component exerts its inhibitory action at the cell surface. Since polymorphonuclear leukocytes are important mediators of inflammation and are implicated in the pathogenesis of tissue destruction, the subsidence of inflammatory diseases during gestation could be related, at least in part, to the inhibitory effects of pregnancy serum on leukocyte functions.
Synthesis by an Established Lymphocyte Cell Line From a Rheumatoid Synovium
Authors: Gilliland Bruce C. , Ford Denys K. , Mannik Mart 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphocytes derived from the synovium of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis were shown to synthesize predominantly IgG as measured by an equilibrium binding assay. Chromatographic separation of the radiolabeled lymphocyte culture supernatant revealed rheumatoid factor activity associated with IgG and IgM. In addition, immunofluorescence studies on fixed lymphocytes demonstrated that the majority of cells stained positive for both IgG and rheumatoid factor.
The growth kinetics of synovial fibroblastic cells from inflammatory and noninflammatory arthropathies
Authors: Anastassiades Tassos P. , Ley Janice , Wood Anne , Irwin David 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe growth kinetics of subcultured human synovial fibroblasts from 16 patients with inflammatory and noninflammatory arthropathies were studied in antibiotic free media. The experimental design allowed a clear distinction between the growth rates and final saturation densities achieved. The effects of refeeding and of the serum concentration were evaluated for each line. Inflammatory lines achieved significantly higher final saturation densities and growth rates than noninflammatory lines for most protocols, but the differences between rheumatoid and nonrheumatoid groups were less marked. Inflammatory fibroblasts demonstrated a greater independence to nutritional and growth stimulatory factors in their micro‐environment than noninflammatory fibroblasts.
Clinical features of the arthritis of mixed connective tissue disease
Authors: Halla James T. , Hardin Joe G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeventeen of 19 patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) had arthritis as a significant initial feature of their disease; 8 were given an initial diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 4 received chrysotherapy. RA‐like hand deformities were present in 35% and contractures and/or persistent loss of joint motion in 47%. Joint radiographs showed abnormalities in 41% and included erosions and/or cysts in 30%. The arthritis of MCTD may be both erosive and deforming and this disease should be considered in patients presenting as RA with unusual features.
Hematologic and serologic studies in 6‐sulfanilamidoindazole arthritis
Authors: Miller Morgan L. , Samuelson Cecil O. , Ward John R. 
Published: February 2007

Abstract6‐sulfanilamidoindazole (6‐SAI), an antibacterial sulfonamide, is known to cause an acute, self‐limited inflammatory reaction in the hind paws of older rats. Administration of 6‐SAI results in hyperfibrinogenemia which precedes the onset of clinical arthritis. The hyper‐fibrinogenemia is associated with the prolongation of dilute blood clot lysis times, appearance of heparin‐precipitable fibrinogen, elevations in fibrin degradation products, and complement titers and serum electrophoretic pattern changes that consist of decreased albumin concentrations and increased beta globulin concentrations. Alterations in 6‐SAI medicated young rats are less marked and require higher doses.
Mixed lymphocyte reaction in healthy women with rheumatoid factor. lack of association with hla‐dw4
Authors: Engleman Edgar G. , Sponzilli Ernest E. , Batey Marion E. , Ramcharan Savitri , Mcdevitt Hugh O. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn independent studies, 51% and 36% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis have been shown to possess HLA‐Dw4 compared to 7% and 13% of controls. In one study Dw4 positive patients more frequently had rheumatoid factor in their sera than did Dw4 negative patients. In order to determine if the Dw4 specificity is associated with the disease or with the presence of rheumatoid factor, the frequency of this HLA antigen has been determined in 24 healthy women known to have rheumatoid factor (median titer 1:160). Only 3 were found to have the Dw4 specificity, suggesting that this specificity is not associated with rheumatoid factor in the absence of rheumatoid arthritis.