bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical review based on the technologies developed in solar desalination.
Authors: Jaimes-Quintero K T , Ascanio-Villabona J G , Tarazona-Romero B E , Rincon-Quintero A D , Duran-Sarmiento M A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Increasing global demand for water and energy has given rise to renewable energies that offer an environmentally friendly alternative. Solar desalination systems have become a very attractive topic, due to the fact that areas lacking fresh water have a wealth of solar energy, allowing to present a convenient, promising and viable solution, also obtaining drinking water for consumption in remote areas from water with high salinity, where it is considered to be a process free of CO2 emissions when powered by solar radiation, being sustainable and environmentally friendly. The main objective of this study is to provide an extensive review of the different solar desalination systems, evaluating the indicators, factors and technologies involved in the process, through scientific sources such as: articles, academic publications, international congresses, indexed journals, and others.
Preparation and characterisation of graphitic biochar materials derived from rose oil industry waste via different pyrolysis durations and ball milling for advanced composites
Authors: Alluqmani Saleh M , Albaqawi Hissah Saedoon , Hakami Musaed A , Alabdallah Nadiyah M , Almarri Hana M , AL-Zahrani Asla A , Alshahrie Ahmed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The valorisation of waste from rose-based industrial products produces value-added substances and paves the way for advanced composites. The rose waste generated from the essential oil industry of the Taif rose (Rosa damascena trigintipetala Dieck) is significant, and its management or disposal is a source of concern. In this study, it was valorised to produce a value-added nanomaterial. The synthesis of biochar nanoparticles via high-energy ball milling has gained tremendous research interest in recent times because of its low cost and eco-friendliness. Ball milling is a solvent-free technology with strong potential for waste volatilisation and eco-sustainability through the production of engineered biochar nanoparticles. Different biochar samples were produced and characterised to harness the synergistic combination of biochar production and ball milling. They were prepared at a constant pyrolysis temperature of 300 °C by varying the pyrolysis times for 2 h, 5 h, and 10 h. The characterisation results showed that pyrolysis confirms a high content of carbon, minerals, graphitic structure, novel morphology and chemical characteristics attached to the biochar surface controlled by different pyrolysis durations. These properties were further enhanced by ball milling for 10 h. The results showed that ball milling enhanced the porosity, surface area, surface functional groups, visible light absorption, crystallinity, and carbon content, and these were accompanied by a reduction in the particle size and mineral impurities. The engineered biochar can be an important tool, with promising potential in novel composites for water purification and energy harvesting.
Ability to Forecast standardized precipitation index in Vietnamese Mekong Delta for dry season months based on sea surface temperature
Authors: Viet Luong Van 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Drought has major impacts on agriculture, society, and ecosystems, so early prediction of drought plays an important role in mitigating its impacts. This study investigates the relationship between the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) in the Mekong Delta and global sea surface temperature (SST) in order to find potential variables for improving SPI forecast quality. The method used in determining potential predictors is based on the analysis of multiple correlation coefficients. Based on these potential predictors, SPI is predicted by stepwise regression along with the application of Leave-one-out cross-validation technique. The data used in this study is the rainfall of 15 stations in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta and the global SST from 1977 to 2020. Research results show that there is a pair of variables that have the best relationship with SPI in the study area, they are SST on Niño 3.4 region and SST in the region with latitude from 13 °N to 23 °N and longitude from 116 °E to 126 °E. When the forecast term is from 1 to 2 months, using this pair of variables gives better forecast quality than using only the predictors from the Niño indices.
Delirium is more common and associated with worse outcomes in Parkinson’s disease compared to older adult controls: results of two prospective longitudinal cohort studies
Authors: Gerakios Florence , Yarnall Alison J , Bate Gemma , Wright Laura , Davis Daniel , Stephan Blossom C M , Robinson Louise , Brayne Carol , Stebbins Glenn , Taylor John-Paul , Burn David J , Allan Louise M , Richardson Sarah J , Lawson Rachael A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Inpatient prevalence of Parkinson’s disease (PD) delirium varies widely across the literature. Delirium in general older populations is associated with adverse outcomes, such as increased mortality, dementia, and institutionalisation. However, to date there are no comprehensive prospective studies in PD delirium. This study aimed to determine delirium prevalence in hospitalised PD participants and the association with adverse outcomes, compared to a control group of older adults without PD.

Methods
Participants were hospitalised inpatients from the ‘Defining Delirium and its Impact in Parkinson’s Disease’ and the ‘Delirium and Cognitive Impact in Dementia’ studies comprising 121 PD participants and 199 older adult controls. Delirium was diagnosed prospectively using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition criteria. Outcomes were determined by medical note reviews and/or home visits 12 months post hospital discharge.

Results
Delirium was identified in 66.9% of PD participants compared to 38.7% of controls (p &lt; 0.001). In PD participants only, delirium was associated with a significantly higher risk of mortality (HR = 3.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3–8.6), p = 0.014) and institutionalisation (OR = 10.7 (95% CI = 2.1–54.6), p = 0.004) 12 months post-discharge, compared to older adult controls. However, delirium was associated with an increased risk of developing dementia 12 months post-discharge in both PD participants (OR = 6.1 (95% CI = 1.3–29.5), p = 0.024) and in controls (OR = 13.4 (95% CI = 2.5–72.6), p = 0.003).

Conclusion
Delirium is common in hospitalised PD patients, affecting two thirds of patients, and is associated with increased mortality, institutionalisation, and dementia. Further research is essential to understand how to accurately identify, prevent and manage delirium in people with PD who are in hospital.
Characteristics of older unpaid carers in England: a study of social patterning from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
Authors: Davies Laurie E , Spiers Gemma F , Sinclair David R , Kingston Andrew , Hanratty Barbara 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
A growing number of older people provide unpaid care, but contemporary research evidence on this group is limited.

Aim
This study aims to describe the characteristics of older people who provide unpaid care and how these vary by socioeconomic position.

Methods
Using recent information from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA wave 9, 2019), we analysed cross-sectional data on 1,282 unpaid carers aged ≥50. Data on sociodemographics, health, social wellbeing, care intensity and caregiver–recipient relationships were extracted. Total net non-pension wealth quintiles were used as a relative measure of socioeconomic position. Differences between the poorest and richest wealth quintiles were examined through logistic regression.

Findings
Most older carers in ELSA were female and looking after another older person. Poor mental and physical health and social isolation were common, and socially patterned. Compared with carers in the middle wealth group, the poorest group were more likely to be living with the person they cared for (odds ratio (OR) 1.56 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–2.36]) and more likely to experience loneliness (OR 2.29 [95% CI 1.42–3.69]), dependency (i.e. the need for help with activities of daily living) (OR 1.62 [95% CI 1.05–2.51]), chronic pain (OR 1.81 [95% CI 1.23–2.67]), a higher number of diseases (OR 1.75 [95% CI 1.15–2.65]) and fair/poor self-rated health (OR 2.59 [95% CI 1.79–3.76]). The poorest carers were also less likely to have a high quality of life (OR 0.51 [95% CI 0.33–0.80]) or be in work (OR 0.33 [95% CI 0.19–0.59]).

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that financially disadvantaged unpaid carers (and their households) may have the greatest needs for intervention and support. Focussing resources on this group has potential to address social inequalities.
A semi-automated spectral approach to analyzing cyclical growth patterns using fish scales
Authors: Chaput Julien A , Chaput Gérald 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We introduce a new semi-automated approach to analyzing growth patterns recorded on fish scales. After manually specifying the center of the scale, the algorithm radially unwraps the scale patterns along a series of transects from the center to the edge of the scale. A sliding window Fourier transform is used to produce a spectrogram for each sampled transect of the scale image. The maximum frequency over all sampled transects of the average spectrogram yields a well-discriminated peak frequency trace that can then serve as a growth template for that fish. The spectrogram patterns of individual fish scales can be adjusted to a common period accounting for differences in date of return or size of fish at return without biasing the growth profile of the scale. We apply the method to 147 Atlantic salmon scale images sampled from 3 years and contrast the information derived with this automated approach to what is obtained using classical human operator measurements. The spectrogram analysis quantifies growth patterns using the entire scale image rather than just a single transect and provides the possibility of more robustly analyzing individual scale growth patterns. This semi-automated approach that removes essentially all the human operator interventions provides an opportunity to process large datasets of fish scale images and combined with advanced analyses such as deep learning methods could lead to a greater understanding of salmon marine migration patterns and responses to variations in ecosystem conditions.
Asymptotic uncertainty of false discovery proportion
Authors: Mei Meng , Yu Tao , Jiang Yuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMultiple testing has been a prominent topic in statistical research. Despite extensive work in this area, controlling false discoveries remains a challenging task, especially when the test statistics exhibit dependence. Various methods have been proposed to estimate the false discovery proportion (FDP) under arbitrary dependencies among the test statistics. One key approach is to transform arbitrary dependence into weak dependence and subsequently establish the strong consistency of FDP and false discovery rate under weak dependence. As a result, FDPs converge to the same asymptotic limit within the framework of weak dependence. However, we have observed that the asymptotic variance of FDP can be significantly influenced by the dependence structure of the test statistics, even when they exhibit only weak dependence. Quantifying this variability is of great practical importance, as it serves as an indicator of the quality of FDP estimation from the data. To the best of our knowledge, there is limited research on this aspect in the literature. In this paper, we aim to fill in this gap by quantifying the variation of FDP, assuming that the test statistics exhibit weak dependence and follow normal distributions. We begin by deriving the asymptotic expansion of the FDP and subsequently investigate how the asymptotic variance of the FDP is influenced by different dependence structures. Based on the insights gained from this study, we recommend that in multiple testing procedures utilizing FDP, reporting both the mean and variance estimates of FDP can provide a more comprehensive assessment of the study’s outcomes.
Fitting the Cox proportional hazards model to big data
Authors: Wang Jianqiao , Zeng Donglin , Lin Dan-Yu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe semiparametric Cox proportional hazards model, together with the partial likelihood principle, has been widely used to study the effects of potentially time-dependent covariates on a possibly censored event time. We propose a computationally efficient method for fitting the Cox model to big data involving millions of study subjects. Specifically, we perform maximum partial likelihood estimation on a small subset of the whole data and improve the initial estimator by incorporating the remaining data through one-step estimation with estimated efficient score functions. We show that the final estimator has the same asymptotic distribution as the conventional maximum partial likelihood estimator using the whole dataset but requires only a small fraction of computation time. We demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method through extensive simulation studies and an application to the UK Biobank data.
O78: Risk of recurrence after surgical resection for adenocarcinoma arising from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia (IPMN) with patterns of distribution and treatment
Authors: Lucocq James ,   Adeno-IPMN Collaborative
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Recurrence patterns and treatment of recurrence post resection of invasive IPMN are poorly explored. This international multicentre cohort study aims to identify recurrence patterns and treatment of first and second recurrence in a large cohort of patients after pancreatic resection for invasive IPMN.

Method
Patients undergoing pancreatic resection for invasive IPMN between January 2010 to December 2020 at 18 pancreatic centres were identified. Survival analysis was performed by the Kaplan Meier log rank test and multivariable logistic regression by Cox-Proportional Hazards modelling. Endpoints were recurrence (time-to, location, and pattern of recurrence) and survival (overall survival and adjusted for treatment provided).

Results
Four hundred and fifty-nine patients were included (median, 70years; IQR, 64-76; male, 54 percent) with a median follow-up of 26.3 months (IQR, 13.0-48.1 months). Recurrence occurred in 209 patients (45.5 percent; median time to recurrence, 32.8 months, early recurrence [within 1year], 20.2 percent). Eighty-three (18.1 percent) patients experienced a local regional recurrence and 164 (35.7 percent) patients experienced distant recurrence. Adjuvant chemotherapy was not associated with reduction in recurrence (HR 1.09;p=0.669) One hundred and twenty patients with recurrence received further treatment. The median survival with and without additional treatment was 27.0 and 14.6 months (p&lt;0.001), with no significant difference between treatment modalities. There was no significant difference in survival between location of recurrence (p=0.401).

Conclusion
Recurrence after pancreatic resection for invasive IPMN is frequent with a quarter of patients recurring within 12 months. Treatment of recurrence is associated with improved overall survival and should be considered.
A fast algorithm for diffusion source localization in large-scale complex networks
Authors: Pan Chunyu , Wang Jie , Yan Di , Zhang Changsheng , Zhang Xizhe 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The identification of the origin of diffusion processes in complex networks is a subject of significant interest across numerous interdisciplinary fields. One approach to solving this issue involves the placement of a few observer nodes within the network and the estimation of the unknown source through the utilization of information gathered by these observer nodes. However, this approach presents certain drawbacks, particularly with regard to computational complexity. To address this limitation, this study introduces an innovative Hill-Climbing algorithm designed to efficiently identify diffusion sources within large-scale complex networks. Our approach, the Local Search Hill Climbing (LSHC) method, transforms the source localization problem into an optimization task, utilizing strategically deployed observer nodes. Experiments conducted on both random and scale-free network models demonstrate that our method significantly reduces computational time while maintaining high accuracy in pinpointing the diffusion source. This approach offers a substantial improvement over traditional methods and holds considerable promise for practical applications in network science.
Anarchist Domesticities: From DIY Culture to DIY Politics in Consent Zines
Authors: Hines Frankie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Contemporary radical and anarchist movements have made the home a central site of political contestation in ways that mirror a return to domestic spaces in recent critical thought. This essay argues that an “anarchist domesticity,” which is marked by an awareness of violence’s omnipresence, finds its clearest expression in anarcha-feminist zines about responses to sexual assault and interpersonal violence. The essay reads these “consent zines” first as texts that reconfigure zines’ do-it-yourself (DIY) ethos as a DIY politics and thereby seek to intervene directly in political struggles; and second as texts marked by encounters with traumatic experiences, which provides an alternative explanation for their fragmentary form. As articulations of radical domesticities, consent zines are, I argue, literary texts that speak to vital contemporary political issues.
Safety and Effectiveness of Janus Kinase Inhibitors in the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Following Liver Transplantation
Authors: Con Danny , Hilley Patrick , Chin Simone , Corte Crispin , Hafeez Bilal , Testro Adam , De Cruz Peter , Choy Matthew , Srinivasan Ashish 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
The management of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] patients with concurrent liver transplantation is challenging, and data regarding the safety and efficacy of Janus kinase [JAK] inhibitors with anti-rejection medications are required. We report the experience of all liver transplant recipients receiving tofacitinib and/or upadacitinib for IBD across three states in Australia.

Methods
All liver transplant recipients from the Australian states of Victoria, New South Wales, and Tasmania, who required tofacitinib or upadacitinib for the treatment of IBD, were identified using prospectively maintained liver transplant databases. Patients were followed up until medication cessation or last follow-up. Clinical safety and efficacy data were collected.

Results
Eight patients [median age 30 years] were included, seven of whom received first-line JAK inhibition with tofacitinib. All patients had failed one or more biologic therapies prior to commencing JAK inhibition, including six patients who had failed two or more agents. JAK inhibition was continued for a median of 17 months, with 143 patient-months of combined follow-up. The anti-rejection medication tacrolimus was prescribed in all patients. Overall, seven [88%] patients achieved clinical remission, including all three patients who were switched from tofacitinib to upadacitinib. One patient required colectomy after 1 month of treatment. There were no other cases of serious infection, venous thromboembolism, or major adverse cardiovascular events during follow-up.

Conclusions
As the largest case series to date, these data indicate that combining JAK inhibition with transplant anti-rejection medication may be a safe and clinically effective method of treating IBD in patients with prior biologic failure.
Unusual presentation of benzodiazepine withdrawal with Takotsubo syndrome: a case report
Authors: Durães Campos Isabel , Moreira Helena , Portal Francisco , Paiva José Artur 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Thousands of people suffer from anxiety, depression, and insomnia every day, with benzodiazepines being one of the strategies used to treat these conditions. Withdrawal from its long-term use can lead to potentially life-threatening complications, including Takotsubo syndrome. The authors highlight an atypical case of Takotsubo syndrome secondary to benzodiazepine withdrawal, a rare life-threatening complication of acute substance withdrawal.

Case summary
A 58-year-old female presented to the emergency department with altered mental status and acute pulmonary oedema after discontinuing her prescribed benzodiazepines 3 days prior to presentation. Electrocardiogram (ECG) demonstrated anterior ST-segment elevation, with Q-wave and T-wave inversion with prolonged QT interval. Troponin I concentration and B-type natriuretic peptide were elevated to 5407 ng/L (normal ≤ 16 ng/L) and to 1627.0 pg/L (normal ≤ 100 pg/mL), respectively. Echocardiogram showed ballooning of the left ventricle (LV) apex with dyskinesia of the mid and apical segments, with LV function of 15%. Coronary angiography was normal, but left ventriculography showed severe LV systolic dysfunction with akinesis of the mid and apical LV segments and hyperdynamic basal segments. A presumptive diagnosis of benzodiazepine withdrawal–induced Takotsubo syndrome was made, and patients’ symptoms, ECG findings, and LV dysfunction resolved after benzodiazepine administration. Six months post discharge, the patient remained asymptomatic with a normal biventricular function, and a beta-blocker was successfully introduced as part of a lifelong plan.

Discussion
A diagnosis of benzodiazepine withdrawal–induced Takotsubo syndrome is an underrecognized and challenging diagnosis, due to its atypical clinical presentation. High degree of clinical suspicion for this syndrome is crucial, since favourable prognosis depends on prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Thoracic endovascular aortic repair for acute aortic dissection complicated by mesenteric malperfusion: an evaluation by computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Kimura Naoyuki , Imada Shuta , Hori Daijiro , Nakamura Masanori 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Computational fluid dynamics was performed to simulate haemodynamics of type B aortic dissection complicated by mesenteric malperfusion caused by dynamic obstruction in a 70-year-old man. Streamline analysis showed disappearance of antegrade flow in the false lumen of the descending aorta and attenuation of intermittent flap-induced disruption of visceral vessel perfusion after entry coverage. Quantitative analysis showed endovascular repair increased perfusion volume of the coeliac artery and superior mesenteric artery by 55.6% and 77.4%, respectively. Entry closure with thoracic endovascular prosthesis improved mesenteric malperfusion by attenuating the intermittent flap-induced perfusion disruption.
Are We Becoming More Transparent? Survey Reporting Trends in Top Journals of Social Sciences
Authors: Stefkovics Ádám , Eichhorst Angela , Skinnion Dominic , Harrison Chase H 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Transparency is essential for objectively evaluating or replicating any study’s findings. Although several reporting standards and guidelines exist for survey research, these standards are not adopted or enforced by most academic journals, and thus, transparency in survey research has been relatively low. This study documents and compares trends in transparency in survey research. We reviewed 899 articles that used 1,237 original surveys and were published in top journals in the fields of political science, sociology, and public opinion research between 2011 and 2021. The results show small changes in reporting different survey characteristics during the observed period. Nevertheless, we found that the majority of the articles did not provide responses or other rates, and a strong decrease was observed in transparency regarding response rates. Our results underscore the importance of promoting reporting standards and enforcing rules more rigorously.