bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of carotid artery exposure with pectoralis major myofascial flap transfer and split-thickness skin coverage
Authors: Leemans C. R. , Balm A. J. M. , Gregor R. T. , Hilgers F. J. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe risk for post-operative exposure of the carotid artery due to skin flap necrosis after major head and neck surgery is increased after previous radiation and in severely malnourished patients. Eight patients are described who presented with an (imminent) carotid exposure one to eight weeks after surgery. Pectoralis major myofascial flap transfer with split thickness skin graft coverage was used for protection of the carotid artery. All cases were managed successfully and healed primarily in two to four weeks with acceptable cosmesis. We advocate immediate treatment in the event of an exposed carotid (or imminent exposure) by a pectoralis major myofascial flap with split-thickness skin grafting.
Stridor in patients with HIV infection
Authors: Laing R. B. S. , Wardrop P. J. C. , Welsby P. D. , Brettle R. P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe immunodeficiency which results from HIV infection is associated with a range of opportunistic infections and tumours which may present with the symptoms of upper airways disease. This paper presents three cases of stridor from different causes in patients with HIV infection, all of whom recovered following treatment. The management of this problem requires consideration of the likely aetiology which, in those with advanced immunodeficiency, includes bacterial and fungal laryngitis and epiglottitis as well as rapidly growing laryngeal tumours. Recommendations for the treatment of those with HIV infection who present with severe or rapidonset stridor should include a combination of aggressive airway intervention and broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal agents. Laryngeal biopsy for histology and culture is particularly important for those patients who fail to respond to the aforementioned treatment.
Occult thyroid carcinoma presenting as a parapharyngeal mass
Authors: Ferrario Fulvio , Roselli Raffaele , Macchi Alberto 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis report describes a 47-year-old male who had an occult papillary carcinoma of the thyroid present as a nodal involvement of the parapharyngeal space, in the retrostyloid compartment. To the best of our knowledge, this is an extremely rare condition.
Abnormalities of the paranasal sinuses in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a computed tomographic study
Authors: Porter M. J. , Cheung H. S. , Ambrose R. , Leung S. F. , van Hasselt C. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA retrospective study of computed tomography scans of the paranasal sinuses of 131 control subjects in Hong Kong revealed minor mucosal abnormalities in more than half of the ethmoid sinuses. Major abnormalities were present in seven per cent of maxillary, five per cent of anterior ethmoid and four per cent of posterior ethmoid sinus. In 85 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma the prevalence of minor mucosal abnormalities in the sinuses was similar to that of the control group but major mucosal abnormalities were significantly more common in the anterior and posterior ethmoids at 15 per cent and 21 per cent of the respective sinuses (p<0.001).
Ultrasound versus physical examination in staging carcinoma of the mobile tongue
Authors: Narayana Harindra M. , Panda Naresh K. , Mann S. B. S. , Katariya Sudha , Vasishta R. K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSurgical therapy for early lesions of the tongue should have the potential to be both oncologically sound and easy to rehabilitate. Obviously, the amount of tongue left behind after surgery is proportional to the post-operative function. Hence accurate mapping of the diseased tongue is of paramount importance in order to limit or extend the resection margins. We have evaluated the use of ultrasound in carcinoma of the tongue, and also compared its relative accuracy with physical examination for determining the extent of growth, keeping the histopathological size as a gold standard. We found that ultrasound is more accurate in detecting T2 and T3 tumours than T1 lesions. Intraoral sonographic mappng may be the answer for such small lesions. In addition, ultrasonography is beneficial in showing spread to contiguous areas of the tongue. However, post-radiation fibrosis and frank residual disease were not differentiated accurately by ultrasound. Thus ultrasonography can be an effective investigative tool and together with physical examination it can increase diagnostic accuracy leading to precise surgery for carcinoma of the tongue.
Cervical lymphadenopathy secondary to atypical mycobacteria in children
Authors: Benson-Mitchell R. , Buchanan G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNon-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections usually present as an enlarged lymph node in the neck of a non-immunocompromised child. The differential diagnosis includes bacterial adenitis, malignant disease and tuberculosis. The definitive diagnosis relies upon isolating the organisms in culture. The treatment is complete surgical excision with, or without, anti-tuberculous chemotherapyTen cases of NTM infections are presented with a discussion of the aetiology and treatment of this condition.
Hairy polyp of the tonsil
Authors: Mitchell T. E. , Girling A. C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHairy polyps or dermoids of the oro- and naso-pharynx are benign lesions containing elements of both ectodermal and mesodermal origin. We report a case of a hairy polyp arising from the tonsil in a three-week-old infant. This presented as an intermittent swelling in the mouth, which was successfully removed under general anaesthesia. To our knowledge this is only the third case of a hairy polyp arising at this site to be reported. We discuss the terminology applied to these lesions and review the literature.
Hearing disability before and after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Low W. K. , Fong K. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper evaluates post-irradiation hearing changes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) from a disability orientated approach, which takes into account binaural hearing. Newly diagnosed patients with NPC were studied before radiotherapy, and at four to 12 months (mean 9.2 months) after radiotherapy, provided they remained disease-free. Each patient was examined clinically and with pure tone audiograms. Tympanometry was used to confirm middle ear effusion. Averaged hearing thresholds over 0.5,1 and 2 kHz were evaluated. If abnormal (>30 dB), the resultant hearing disability was illustrated by a modified Glasgow Plot. Twenty-three males and 10 females completed the study. Middle ear effusions resulted in 39.3 per cent (binaural in two patients) and 33.3 per cent (binaural in five patients) of patients having hearing disability pre- and post-irradiation respectively. No patient had hearing disability as a result of a sensorineural loss. It is recommended that future reporting of post-irradiation hearing changes in patients with NPC, as in middle ear surgery, be considered from a disability-orientated approach.
The treatment of hyposmia with intranasal steroids
Authors: Golding-Wood David G. , Holmstrom Mats , Darby Yvonne , Scadding Glenis K. , Lund Valerie J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHyposmia is a neglected symptom in patients with rhinitis. We studied 25 patients presenting with perennial rhinitis. Fifteen patients expressed hyposmia as a significant symptom. University of Pennsylvania smell identification test (UPSIT) and visual analogue scales (VAS) were used to score the symptoms of hyposmia, nasal obstruction and nasal discharge before and after six weeks treatment with betamethasone sodium phosphate drops. Those patients with initial symptoms of hyposia significantly improved their UPSIT scores (p= 0.00009) and their VAS scores for hyposmia (p= 0.00133). Despite a significant decrease in the sensation of nasal obstruction, the non-hyposmics showed no increase in UPSIT scores after betamethasone therapy. There was no clear correlation between UPSIT results and other symptom scores. The judicious use of betamethasone drops in the treatment of rhinogenic hyposmia can be recommended.
The management of dysphagia in jugular foramen surgery
Authors: Fenton J. E. , Brake H. , Shirazi A. , Mendelsohn M. S. , Atlas M. D. , Fagan P. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFrom 1985–1994, the Skull Base Unit at St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, operated on 61 patients with tumours involving the jugular foramen. Pre-operative assessment by a Speech Pathologist and the institution of swallowing techniques prior to surgery have improved post-operative morbidity. Ancillary procedures at the time of surgery were not required in the majority of cases. An individual assessment of each patient early in the postoperative period was found to be more important with regard to the benefits of supplementary surgery. The majority of patients with dysphagia settled with conservative management and only a few underwent ancillary surgery. It is perceived that the cortical and subcortical control of swallowing is a major factor in the rehabilitation of these patients.
Relapsing polychondritis presented as inner ear involvement
Authors: Kimura Yasuyuki , Miwa Hiroko , Furukawa Mitsuru , Mizukami Yuji 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a rare case of relapsing polychondritis with an initial symptom of inner ear involvement. This 53-year-old Japanese man experienced a hearing difficulty, tinnitus in both ears, and dizziness of sudden onset, but lacked auricular chondritis at that time, which is the most frequent finding in relapsing polychondritis. Thus it was difficult to reach a correct diagnosis. Steroid therapy, with oral prednisolone 15 mg daily, was effective. Almost two months after we began the steroid therapy, the patient complained of losing interest in his work and reported a hallucination vision on the TV screen, so the dose of prednisolone was decreased to 10 mg. The hallucinations then disappeared, but the serum level of C-reactive protein increased highly. To reduce the dose of prednisolone, we tried low-dose oral methotrexate. However, we had to discontinue it when the patient experienced severe vomiting and diarrhoea. As adjuvant therapy, we then administered Sho-saiko-to, Chinese herbal medicines with few side effects. Symptoms and laboratory abnormalities then improved markedly.
Mediastinitis - a rare complication of a peritonsillar abscess
Authors: Nielsen T. R. , Clement F. , Andreassen U. K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a case of mediastinitis, in an otherwise healthy 25-year-old man, resulting from a peritonsillar abscess with extension through the parapharyngeal and retropharyngeal spaces.In our case the patient was primarily treated with needle aspiration, a method described in many publications as a safe alternative to incision and drainage.We emphasize that for peritonsillar abscesses a tonsillectomy or wide incision and drainage, instead of needle aspiration, might prevent the extension of the condition, thus preventing serious complications.
Paraganglioma: an unusual tumour of the parathyroid gland
Authors: McCluggage W. G. , Cameron C. H. S. , Brooker D. , O'Hara M. D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of paraganglioma arising within a parathyroid gland is reported. The lesion was an incidental finding in a block dissection of neck performed for squamous carcinoma of the pharynx. A well-circumscribed lesion, exhibiting the characteristic pathological features of a paraganglioma, was embedded within the right inferior parathyroid gland. Due to its location, the chief histological differential diagnosis was an unusual variant of parathyroid adenoma. Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy assisted in reaching a diagnosis. This, as far as we are aware, is the first reported case of a paraganglioma of the parathyroid gland.
Vestibular neurectomy: A histological and clinical study of results
Authors: Kitamura Ken , Miyata Mamoru , Wanamaker Hayes H. , Silverstein Herbert , Seidman Michael 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPosterior fossa vistibular neurectomy has become one of the most effective surgincal procedures for control of vertigo symptoms in Menière's disease. A small group patients continue to have vertigo and demonstratablke vestibular function by electronystagmography (ENG) post-operatively. Another group of patients may have also. In an effort to correlate hitological findings with clinical outcome, nerve biopsies were comapared with clinical, audiometric and ENG results. Results of this study demonstratge that complete reduction of vestibylar response (on calorica testing) and clinical cure of vertigo can be obtained despite a variable number of nerve fibres at vestibular neurectomy.
Nasopharyngeal lipoma – a rare clinico-pathological entity
Authors: Fagan J. J. , Learmonth G. M. , Garb M. , Bowen R. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA lipoma situated within the posterior wall of the nasopharynx is reported. Only three lipomas of the nasopharynx in adults have previously been reported. The value of CT scan and cytology in making the preoperative diagnosis of a lipoma at this location is discussed.
Vestibular schwannoma and the only hearing ear
Authors: Bhatia Sanjaya , Karmarkar Sandeep , Taibah Abdelkader , Russo Alessandra , Sanna Mario 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWith the recent advances in the management of vestibular schwannomas, it is possible not only to save the facial nerve function but also preserve hearing in a small percentage of cases. Difficulties arise while managing patients with vestibular schwannoma in their only hearing ear. In this article we summarize our experience in managing seven of these patients. We recommend a watch and wait policy with a regular follow-up with audiometric testing and gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Gamma knife radiosurgery is advised in cases with deterioration of hearing or increase in tumour size. Surgery is usually avoided unless there are brainstem compression symptoms.
The role of MIBG scintigraphy in the management of a case of metastatic glomus jugulare tumour
Authors: Nilssen E. , Wormald P. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractGlomus jugulare tumours with metastases are rare as the diagnosis of metastases in this condition can be difficult.In the past this diagnosis has been made on histology of the metastatic lesions which were identified on clinical grounds. This is one of the reasons why there have been only 20 reported cases in the literature up to 1990 (Johnstone et al., 1990). This case report examines the role of meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy in the diagnosis of metastases. MIBG scintigraphy is an injected radionucleotide isotope scanning technique which is cheap, non-invasive, sensitive as well as being a specific investigation for identifying sites of ectopic neuroendocrine tissue. It may also have a role in the treatment of these tumours.
Heterotopic pleomorphic adenoma of the external nose
Authors: Badia Lydia , Weir Justin N. , Robinson Anthony C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPleomorphic adenomas arising from sites other than the major or minor salivary glands are uncommon. We describe a case of pleomorphic adenoma in the subcutaneous tissue of the nasomaxillary crease. An identical tumour was previously excised from the right nasal cavity. The possible aetiology of these heterotopic salivary gland tumours is discussed.
Trans-nasal endoscopic holmium: YAG laser correction of choanal atresia
Authors: Panwar S. S. , Martin F. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFive patients with choanal atresia were treated, using a trans-nasal endoscopic Holmium:YAG laser. The age of patients ranged from 15 months to 53 years. The nasal endoscope provides excellent visualization. The advantage of the Holmium:YAG laser is its fibre-optic delivery, allowing the laser to be hand-held, giving greater precision. Good nasal airways were achieved in four out of five cases with a single treatment. The procedure was found to be safe, quick, with minimal morbidity and a shorter in-patient stay.
Acute laryngeal trauma: a comparison between peace time and war injuries
Authors: Đanić Davorin , Miličić Damir , Prgomet Drago , Leović Dinko 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThirty-six patients with acute laryngeal trauma are presented. Sixteen patients had peace-time and 20 had war injuries. Peace-time injuries were mostly due to car accidents, violence and suicide using a knife, whereas the war injuries were caused by shell and mine fragments.Nine patients were treated conservatively (eight peace-time and one war-time) and 27 by surgery (eight peace-time and 19 war-time).Surgical experience showed that acute laryngeal trauma must be treated within the first 24 hours after injury. Primary treatment must be a definite one. In that way complications and uncontrolled healing can be successfully avoided.
Tympanic thermometry and minor ear surgery
Authors: Tomkinson A. , Roblin D. G. , Quine S. M. , Flanagan P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractInfra-red tympanic thermometry is a relatively new technique for measuring body temperature which requires the minimum of co-operation and is quick and easy to use. It is therefore ideal for use in children. Its use is becoming more widespread and as it is theoretically possible that minor ear surgery may interfere with function its reliability in these patients may be in question.Twenty-two children (mean age 5.3 years) who underwent myringotomy ± grommet insertion had the tympanic temperature of each ear measured immediately before, and 15 minutes after, surgery on the recovery ward. No difference was found between the pre- and post-operative temperatures (mean difference – 0.1°C, p>0.1, paired t-test, hypothesized difference of 0).This thermometer appears to be a reliable way of monitoring body temperature on a paediatric ENT recovery ward in patients who have undergone minor ear surgery.
Early diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis presenting with facial nerve palsy
Authors: Hern J. D. , Hollis L. J. , Mochloulis G. , Montgomery P. Q. , Tolley N. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWegener's granulomatosis is a multi-system disease characterized by granuloma formation and a necrotizing vasculitis. It classically presents with involvement of the upper and lower respiratory and renal systems. However locoregional disease is common and may include otological manifestations. Facial nerve palsy has been reported during the course of the disease process but it is extremely rare for it to be the presenting feature. Previously reported cases have involved a protracted diagnostic process including exploratory tympanotomy, mastoidectomy and facial nerve decompression. We report a case of Wegener's granulomatosis which presented with a facial nerve palsy. An early diagnosis was achieved by measurement of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), followed by serological assay of cytoplasmic anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (cANCA). Histological examination of nasal mucosal biopsies confirmed granuloma formation consistent with a diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis. This allowed early treatment with immunosuppressive therapy and avoided unnecessary and potentially hazardous middle ear surgery.
Drug induced otalgia due to mesalazine and sulphasalazine
Authors: Wareing Michael , Mitchell David 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of left otalgia in a patient suffering from longstanding ulcerative colitis is reported. The patient was treated for an exacerbation of his disease with courses of mesalazine and sulphasalazine during which time he developed otalgia. The otalgia disappeared with cessation of the drugs. It is concluded that in the absence of any other head and neck cause that the otalgia was a complication of the drug therapy.
Giant hamartoma of the oropharynx
Authors: Santana-Hernandez D. J. , Ell S. R. , Da Costa P. , Macklin C. P. , Hussain S. S. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractGiant polypoidal hamartomas of the pharynx and oesophagus are rare benign tumours of unknown origin, exceptionally arising from the oropharynx. We report the case of a 74-year-old man who developed sudden nausea and a foreign body sensation. Shortly afterwards he regurgitated a 25 × 3 × 1.5 cm pedunculated fleshy mass, still attached to the inside of his throat. The patient was anaesthetised, the mass traced to the right tonsillar fossa and adjacent oropharyngeal wall. The pedicle was clamped and the lesion excised. Histology was consistent with a giant oropharyngeal hamartoma. We discuss the pathogenesis and potential complications of this condition. The literature is reviewed.
Retropharyngeal abscess – an unusual complication of anorexia nervosa
Authors: Delap Thomas G. , Grant William E. , Dick Robert , Quiney Robert E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn unusual case of an adult female with anorexia nervosa, who developed a retropharyngeal abscess, is presented. This case is reported both because of the paucity of reports on retropharyngeal abscess and because of the dramatic unusual aetiology.
The detection of clinically occult nasopharyngeal carcinoma in patients following radiotherapy – an analysis of 69 patients
Authors: Nicholls John M. , Chua Daniel , Chiu Pui Man , Kwong Dora L. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA prospective analysis of 69 patients who had been treated for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by external radiotherapy was carried out. Biopsies from the posterior nasopharynx were performed and analyzed by in situ hybridization using an antisense Epstein-Barr Early RNA (EBER) radio-labelled riboprobe. None of the patients had evidence of disease in the nasopharynx. One patient was found to have nasopharyngeal carcinoma detected only by in situ hybridization. In the subsequent 18-month follow-up of these clinically- and biopsynegative patients, only one patient developed relapse in the nasopharynx. In situ hybridization is a valuable tool for the detection of NPC and should be routinely available in histopathology laboratories where NPC is regularly diagnosed.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the maxilla – the value of histopathology in diagnosing a second primary
Authors: Hadfield P. J. , Fisher C. , Archer D. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAdenoid cystic carcinoma is the commonest tumour of minor salivary glands. In the case described here a pulmonary mass was found. This was likely to be a distant metastasis, particularly as the primary tumour was of cribriform subtype with perineural invasion and resection was microscopically incomplete. However, surgical excision of the pulmonary mass enabled histopathological studies to be carried out which found it to be an unrelated bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.
A cost-benefit analysis of the post-operative use of antibiotic ear drops following grommet insertion
Authors: Pearson C. R. , Thomas M. R. , Cox H. J. , Garth R. J. N. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA prospective randomized controlled study was carried out to investigate the effect of prophylactic antibiotic ear drops used for five days after bilateral grommet insertion. The average improvement in the hearing threshold was significantly better in ears in which there was an effusion (16 dB) compared with no effusion (9 dB). The drops had no significant effect upon grommet function at three months measured by blockage rates, extrusion rates or improvement in pure tone audiometry whether or not there was an effusion. The drops were not therefore cost-effective.