bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Where do high‐risk drinking occasions occur more often? A cross‐sectional, cross‐country study
Authors: Torney Alexandra , Room Robin , Jiang Heng , Huckle Taisia , Holmes John , Callinan Sarah 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe current paper examines the proportion of drinking occasions and total alcohol consumed that takes place at off‐premise locations. Comparisons are made between high‐income countries: Australia, New Zealand, England and Scotland, and across drinker‐types: high‐risk and lower‐risk.MethodsData were taken from the International Alcohol Control study in Australia (N = 1789), New Zealand (N = 1979), England (N = 2844) and Scotland (N = 1864). The cross‐national survey measures location and beverage‐specific alcohol consumption. The number of drinking occasions and mean consumption across on‐ and off‐premise locations and the proportion of drinking occasions that high‐ and lower‐risk drinkers had at on‐ and off‐premise locations was estimated for each country.ResultsThe majority of drinking occasions among high‐risk drinkers occurred at off‐premise locations across all four countries; Australia 80.1%, New Zealand 72.0%, England 61.7% and Scotland 60.7%. High‐risk drinkers in Australia had significantly larger proportions of drinking occasions occurring at off‐premise locations compared to England and Scotland. Across all countries, high‐risk drinkers and lower‐risk drinkers consumed significantly larger quantities of alcohol per occasion at off‐premise locations compared to on‐premises locations. Finally, the majority of total alcohol consumed occurred at off‐premise locations across all countries for high‐ and lower‐risk drinkers.Discussion and ConclusionsAs the accessibility to alcohol outside of licensed premises continues to increase, particularly with the expansion of home delivery services, it is important to be mindful of the high proportion of heavy drinking occasions that occur off‐premise.
Effects of high‐dose versus standard‐dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine among patients with diabetes: A post‐hoc analysis of the DANFLU‐1 trial
Authors: Lassen Mats C. Højbjerg , Johansen Niklas Dyrby , Modin Daniel , Nealon Joshua , Samson Sandrine , Dufournet Marine , Loiacono Matthew M. , Larsen Carsten Schade , Jensen Anne Marie Reimer , Landler Nino Emanuel , Claggett Brian L. , Solomon Scott D. , Landray Martin J. , Gislason Gunnar H. , Køber Lars , Jensen Jens Ulrik Stæhr , Sivapalan Pradeesh , Vestergaard Lasse Skafte , Krause Tyra Grove , Biering‐Sørensen Tor 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimHigh‐dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV‐HD) has been shown to be more effective than standard‐dose (QIV‐SD) in reducing influenza infection, but whether diabetes status affects relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) is unknown. We aimed to assess rVE on change in glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c (∆HbA1c)], incident diabetes, total all‐cause hospitalizations (first + recurrent), and a composite of all‐cause mortality and hospitalization for pneumonia or influenza.MethodsDANFLU‐1 was a pragmatic, open‐label trial randomizing adults (65‐79 years) 1:1 to QIV‐HD or QIV‐SD during the 2021/22 influenza season. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate rVE against incident diabetes and the composite endpoint, negative binomial regression to estimate rVE against all‐cause hospitalizations, and ANCOVA when assessing rVE against ∆HbA1c.ResultsOf the 12 477 participants, 1162 (9.3%) had diabetes at baseline. QIV‐HD, compared with QIV‐SD, was associated with a reduction in the rate of all‐cause hospitalizations irrespective of diabetes [overall: 647 vs. 742 events, incidence rate ratio (IRR): 0.87, 95% CI (0.76‐0.99); diabetes: 93 vs. 118 events, IRR: 0.80, 95% CI (0.55‐1.15); without diabetes: 554 vs. 624 events, IRR: 0.88, 95% CI (0.76‐1.01), pinteraction = 0.62]. Among those with diabetes, QIV‐HD was associated with a lower risk of the composite outcome [2 vs. 11 events, HR: 0.18, 95% CI (0.04‐0.83)] but had no effect on ∆HbA1c; QIV‐HD adjusted mean difference: ∆ + 0.2 mmol/mol, 95% CI (−0.9 to 1.2). QIV‐HD did not affect the risk of incident diabetes [HR 1.18, 95% CI (0.94‐1.47)].ConclusionsIn this post‐hoc analysis, QIV‐HD versus QIV‐SD was associated with an increased rVE against the composite of all‐cause death and hospitalization for pneumonia/influenza, and the all‐cause hospitalization rate irrespective of diabetes status.
Does enterprise digital transformation affect audit opinion type?—Based on business evidence of Chinese listed companies
Authors: Dong XiaoHong , Jiang YinWei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUtilizing text analysis through machine learning techniques, this study investigates the influence of enterprise digital transformation on audit opinions within China's A‐share listed companies spanning from 2011 to 2020. The findings underscore that enterprise digital transformation has the potential to bolster standard unqualified audit opinions through the enhancement of internal control quality and information transparency. Additionally, factors such as marketization level, property rights nature, and industry classification are found to be pivotal in shaping this relationship. These research outcomes not only extend the theoretical horizons of audit opinion studies but also offer valuable insights and recommendations for auditors to optimize the efficacy of audit opinions.
Debunking wasp pollination: Wasps are comparable to bees in terms of plant interactions, body pollen and single‐visit pollen deposition
Authors: Borchardt Kate E. , Holthaus Danielle , Soto Méndez Paola A. , Toth Amy L. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Wasps are understudied in their contribution to pollination services. In order to better understand the ecological contribution of wasp communities to plant pollination, we conducted three studies to compare bees and wasps by (1) the plant communities visited in agricultural and prairie environments, (2) body pollen composition as an indirect measure of pollination and (3) a single‐visit deposition study as a direct measure of pollination in the plant species complex Solidago canadensis.
We found wasps visit a distinct early‐blooming exotic plant community from bees but have overlapping use of late‐blooming native plants and similar network interaction metrics. This suggests wasps may fill an ecological niche distinct from bees, while also serving as common native plant visitors. We also found that body pollen density and pollen fidelity in four and five (out of six) wasp families, respectively, were comparable to or greater than the bee family Colletidae. Three wasp families also showed comparable to or greater visit fidelity than two (out of five) bee families examined. These results suggest wasps may carry and potentially deliver substantial pollen to specific plants. In addition, controlled single‐visit deposition revealed the paper wasp Polistes fuscatus deposits a similar amount of pollen grains as the bumble bee Bombus impatiens, suggesting surprisingly high pollination efficiency that warrants further investigation.
Our multi‐pronged study shows the importance of investigating the role of wasps as pollinators, especially by focusing on direct plant‐pollination metrics to determine wasp pollination efficacy.
Health sciences students' perspectives on online teaching and learning: Extending the implications beyond the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Kovačević Milena , Ivanović Nevena , Protić Ana , Milenković Danijela , Mandinić Zoran , Puzović Dragana , Bajčetić Miloš , Popadić Dušan , Parojčić Jelena , Malenović Anđelija 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDigital transformation in education and relevant calls for action are recognised global priorities aimed to support education and training in the digital age. The experiences from the emergency remote teaching during the COVID‐19 pandemic and recent research findings reveal relevant advantages, challenges, as well as different students and teaching staff perspectives which should be carefully considered and integrated into institutional strategies and policies to improve and enrich students’ learning experience. The present study aimed to explore health sciences students' perspectives on online teaching and learning (T&L) in four domains—Satisfaction, Motivation, Interaction and Challenges, and to identify the preferred T&L models or tools. A total of 1,041 responses were collected, including 476 dental medicine (45.7%), 399 pharmacy (38.3%), and 166 medical students (15.9%). Overall Satisfaction was quite high (4.0 ± 1.2; out of 5), followed by satisfactory Interaction (3.4 ± 1.4), whereas Motivation was quite low on average (3.0 ± 1.5). Challenges in online T&L were not markedly expressed (3.0 ± 1.6). The majority of students (46.6%) opted for the blended model as the preferred T&L model. Moodle lessons were perceived as the most useful online T&L tool (45.5% of students), followed by video materials (32.2%). Other T&L tools which require more active student's role, such as short test/quiz, and group or team assignment were declared as less favourable. The findings from the current study may contribute to raising the awareness of academic staff and higher institutions management about the student attitudes and needs related to online T&L and inform institutional planning, decision‐making and policy development.
Guesses and Slips as Proficiency‐Related Phenomena and Impacts on Parameter Invariance
Authors: Liao Xiangyi , Bolt Daniel M 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTraditional approaches to the modeling of multiple‐choice item response data (e.g., 3PL, 4PL models) emphasize slips and guesses as random events. In this paper, an item response model is presented that characterizes both disjunctively interacting guessing and conjunctively interacting slipping processes as proficiency‐related phenomena. We show how evidence for this perspective is seen in the systematic form of invariance violations for item slip and guess parameters under four‐parameter IRT models when compared across populations of different mean proficiency levels. Specifically, higher proficiency populations tend to show higher guess and lower slip probabilities than lower proficiency populations. The results undermine the use of traditional models for IRT applications that require invariance and would suggest greater attention to alternatives.
Is Norway on the pathway to green growth? Evidence on decoupling between GDP and environmental footprints
Authors: Miranda Cunha Tenorio Fernanda , Gomez‐Baggethun Erik 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProponents of green growth argue that technological advancements and price signals can decouple economic growth from environmental impact through resource substitution and enhanced efficiency. In this research, we investigate the extent to which economic growth in Norway is decoupling from three key indicators of environmental pressure: energy use, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and material consumption. Our findings show efficiency improvements across all of these indicators, but no absolute decoupling for any of them, and less so, a sufficient absolute decoupling to meet global sustainability targets. Despite the prevalent discourse surrounding a purported ‘green shift’, the overall environmental pressure within Norway is still on an upward trajectory. Mounting evidence regarding the absence of sufficient absolute decoupling suggests that the time may be ripe for high‐income nations like Norway to transcend policy focus on green growth and engage in transitions towards a post‐growth economy.
Gaining consensus on emotional wellbeing themes and preferences for digital intervention type and content to support the mental health of young people with long‐term health conditions: A Delphi study
Authors: Brown Jennie , Cox Lauren , Mulligan Kathleen , Wilson Stephanie , Heys Michelle , Livermore Polly , Gray Suzy , Bogosian Angeliki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundYoung people (YP) with long‐term conditions (LTCs) are at greater risk of psychological distress than those without LTCs. Despite this, there is a scarcity of quality digital interventions designed to help improve mental wellbeing in this population. The aim of this study was to determine what YP, parents and health professionals preferred for future interventions.MethodsTwenty‐six YP with asthma, diabetes and/or epilepsy (the three most common LTCs in YP), 23 parents of YP with LTCs and 10 health professionals mainly in paediatric specialisms (total n = 59) took part in an online Delphi study to gain consensus (set at 75% agreement) on four questions across three rounds. Participants ordered psychological themes that may be experienced by YP with LTCs by importance and ranked digital intervention types and delivery modes by importance or usefulness. The most common results were reported if no consensus was reached by round 3.ResultsParticipants preferred a mobile phone app (73% agreement) and a mixture of one‐on‐one and group support for an intervention (75% agreement). The two highest ranked psychological themes were anxiety (44%) and wanting to appear ‘normal’ (38%), and the top intervention type was ‘general counselling’ (54% agreement).ConclusionThere was a clear desire for an app to help with the psychological aspects of living with LTCs and for a combination of one‐to‐one and group intervention elements. Anxiety and wanting to appear ‘normal’ might be two closely linked psychological challenges that could be addressed by a single intervention.ImplicationsThe results will be important to consider for a future intervention, although further consultation will be needed for app development.Patient or Public ContributionTwo YP with a LTC provided feedback on the study protocol including the aims and procedures of the project. Another six YP with LTCs were consulted on an early draft of the study questionnaire (the four questions), which was subsequently revised. Once the project began, a patient and public involvement group consisting of two YP with LTCs and one parent of a YP with an LTC gave feedback on the research process, lay report of the results and dissemination plan.
Effectiveness of different toothbrushing patterns among schoolchildren in an urban area of Argentina
Authors: Rossi Glenda N. , Salgado Pablo A. , Squassi Aldo F. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo identify toothbrushing patterns among schoolchildren with no prior dental hygiene training and associate them with effectiveness for eliminating dental biofilm.Materials and MethodsEight calibrated dentists assessed dental biofilm, toothbrushing procedure and dental status and registered: grip, bristle angle with respect to tooth, type of movement, surfaces brushed, simultaneous brushing of both jaws, including all six sextants and duration of brushing dental biofilm before and after brushing was determined in 944 children. Frequency distribution was calculated for nominal variables and central tendency and dispersion for quantitative variables of the toothbrushing procedure. Effectiveness was evaluated in 236 children by calculating differences between biofilm levels before and after brushing using Student's test. A cutoff value was established for the difference in reductions in biofilm levels by means of an ROC curve.ResultsThe variables including all 6 sextants and bristle angle showed positive association with biofilm reduction. The cutoff point for biofilm reduction for including all 6 sextants was 66.85% (OR 6.4 [3.6–11.38]). The cutoff value for biofilm reduction for bristle angle was 68.35% (OR 3.2 [1.83–5.8]).ConclusionThe variables associated with biofilm reduction can be used to optimize the modality of future educational interventions in schoolchildren.
Toughening mechanism of B4C/TiB2 ceramic materials by in situ reaction via spark plasma sintering
Authors: Du Zepei , Yi Mingdong , Chen Shibing , Zhang Jingjie , Xiao Guangchun , Chen Zhaoqiang , Chen Hui , Xu Chonghai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo enhance the fracture toughness of B4C ceramics, B4C/TiB2 ceramics with excellent performance were prepared by using TiO2 as the addition item and using spark plasma sintering to introduce TiB2 based on in situ reaction, which was compared with ceramics directly introduced with TiB2, the impacts of TiO2 content, temperature and holding time on B4C/TiB2 ceramics were studied, and the toughening mechanism of B4C/TiB2 ceramics in situ reaction was discussed. The results showed that compared with the ceramics directly introduced with TiB2, B4C/TiB2 ceramics with reinforcement phase TiB2 introduced through in‐situ reaction were easier to obtain higher relative density and better properties. Due to the existence of a discharge effect and the application of pulse current, B4C/TiB2 ceramics with excellent comprehensive properties can be prepared at lower temperatures and short time. When 15 vol% TiO2 was added, the temperature was 1750°C and the holding time was 10 min, the comprehensive properties were better, and their relative density, Vickers hardness, flexural strength, and fracture toughness were 98.5%, 27.72 GPa, 474 MPa, and 5.08 MPa·m1/2, respectively. Toughening mechanisms such as crack deflection, crack branching, and crack bridging improved the fracture toughness.
The moderating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between fear of COVID‐19 and psychological distress, in a cohort of rural and regional healthcare workers. During major lockdowns in Victoria, Australia 2020–2021
Authors: Petrou Georgia , Crombie Angela , Begg Stephen , Skinner Timothy , Faulkner Peter , McEvoy Anne , Parker Carol , Masman Kevin , Bamforth Laura , Caccaviello Gabriel , Stanyer Evan , McEvoy Mark 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe emergence of the COVID‐19 pandemic resulted in substantial pressures for healthcare workers across the world. The association between fear of COVID‐19 and psychological distress, and the role of psychological resilience have gained research interest. The current study aimed to investigate the cross‐sectional association between fear of COVID‐19 and psychological distress, in Australian rural/regional healthcare workers and determine whether resilience modifies this association. Most participants were nurses (38.0%), mean age was 44.9 years, and 80.5% were female (N = 1313). An adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that the highest tertile of the Fear of COVID‐19 scale was associated with higher odds of moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety (OR = 3.72, 95% CI = 2.27, 6.11; p < 0.001) and depression (OR = 3.48, 95% CI = 2.30, 5.28; p < 0.001). Healthcare workers with high level of fear of COVID‐19 and low level of resilience were much more likely to report moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety (OR = 12.27, 95% CI = 6.65–22.65, p < 0.001) and depression (OR = 12.21, 95% CI = 6.93–21.50, p < 0.001) when compared to healthcare workers with low level of fear of COVID‐19 and high level of resilience. A cross‐sectional design was used and therefore cause and effect between fear of COVID‐19 and psychological distress cannot be inferred. Longitudinal research is needed to investigate the possible causal relationship. These findings highlight the potential mental health effects of fear of COVID‐19 on HCWs and demonstrate the importance of resilience as a possible moderator of these effects.
Evaluation of the effect on the permanent tooth germ and the adjacent teeth by finite element impact analysis in the traumatized primary tooth
Authors: Kurt Ayça , Yaylacı Murat , Dizdar Ayberk , Naralan Muhammed Enes , Yaylacı Ecren Uzun , Öztürk Şevval , Çakır Binali 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundOne of the primary concerns in the paediatric emergencies is traumatic dental injuries.ObjectiveThis study aimed to create trauma in primary teeth and reveal its effects finite element analysis.DesignThree‐dimensional models were created using cone‐beam computed tomography images, representing a maxillary primary central incisor. An impact force moving at a speed of 10 m/s was simulated on the labial tooth surface in two directions: buccal and incisal.ResultsThe stress and deformation experienced in the adjacent tooth due to the primary tooth were higher than those generated in the permanent tooth. Forces applied in the incisal direction resulted in higher levels of stress and deformation in the permanent tooth germ. The difference between the stress and deformation values in primary teeth in the forces applied in the buccal and incisal directions is 21% and 75%, respectively; in the permanent tooth germ, this difference was 233% and 100%, respectively.ConclusionsBased on the findings of this study, it is crucial to thoroughly evaluate not only the affected primary tooth but also the adjacent teeth and the permanent tooth germ in traumatic dental injuries. This comprehensive examination allows for the anticipation and management of potential long‐term problems.
Effect of calcium–magnesium–aluminum silicate composition on reaction behavior for X1‐Gd2SiO5 and X2‐Er2SiO5 environmental barrier coatings
Authors: Liang Ruihui , Zhong Xin , Hong Du , Hu Cui , Zhao Fangxia , Zhang Zhenzhong , Niu Yaran , Zheng Xuebin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRare‐earth (RE) silicates environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) are prone to accelerate failure resulted from molten calcium–magnesium–aluminum silicate (CMAS), which presents significant challenges to the design and development of durable EBCs. In this study, X1‐Gd2SiO5 and X2‐Er2SiO5 coatings were explored on their corrosion resistance to CMAS melts with different Ca/Si ratios (1.1, 0.75, 0.64, and 0.42) at 1350°C for 25 and 50 h, respectively. Results showed that with the Ca/Si ratio increasing, CMAS viscosity decreased and a more intense corrosion reaction with coatings occurred. Garnet phase was only observed in X2‐Er2SiO5 coating corroded by CMAS with high Ca/Si ratios, which could be beneficial for improving corrosion resistance. The X2‐Er2SiO5 phase, which is composed of [SO4] and [REO6]/[REO7] polyhedrons, exhibits better corrosion resistance due to its more stable crystal structure, lower reactivity with CMAS, and the radius difference between the RE ions and Ca2+.
Effect of B2O3/SiO2 molar ratio and B2O3 content on viscosity and structure of B2O3–SiO2–Al2O3–Na2O–TiO2 glass lubricant
Authors: Cui Lei , Lv Wei , Ni Pei‐yuan , Wang Huailiu , Li Ying 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGlass lubricant with a suitable viscosity is essential for producing high‐quality titanium products by the hot extrusion process. In this study, a novel lubricant of B2O3–SiO2–Al2O3–Na2O–TiO2 (BSANT) glass was proposed, where the effects of B2O3/SiO2 molar ratio (B/Si) and B2O3 content on viscosity and structure were investigated. The results showed that the BSANT glass viscosity was gradually decreased, and the viscous activation energy was decreased by 20.24% with an increased B/Si ratio from 0.415 to 0.719. This was attributed to the decreased amounts of Q3, [BO4], [AlO4], and bridging oxygen (BO) in the network structure, which in turn resulted in a decreased network degree of polymerization. When B2O3 content was increased from 18.70 to 33.12 mol.%, the melt viscosity value at 950 ℃ was decreased by 64.51%, and the viscous activation energy was reduced by 15.82%. Boron anomalies were also observed in glass melts with the B2O3 content from 28.28 to 33.12 mol.%. The mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon were thoroughly discussed in the study. Additionally, a comparison and discussion of the applications of glass lubricants in metal hot working were presented. A glass lubricant with a specific composition was recommended for use in hot extrusion process within the temperature range of 950–1100°C due to its relatively stable viscosity properties.