bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncovering the features of environmental burden in China’s metal extraction industries from 1995 to 2018: Evidence from MRIO assessments
Authors: Guo Tianjiao , Pan Hua , Song Xiaoqian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
As one of the world's largest producers of many mineral resources, China’s metal extraction industries play an important role in the global value chain. However, the price of economic development could be a notable environmental burden, considering theories of the Environmental Kuznets Curve and the pollution-haven hypothesis. In this study, we conduct an environmental-extended multi-regional input-output (EE-MRIO) analysis to assess social, environmental, and climatic footprints of China’s metal extraction industries by four indicators, the total climate change impact, land use-related biodiversity loss, total particulate matter-related health impact, and water stress, in order to uncover features of related environmental burden. Our results show that China has probably borne the largest environmental burden in the global metal extraction value chain, with the four indicators increasing from 229–435% during 1995–2018. In addition, China relied on domestic production for most of its metal extraction, while about 20% − 35% of the environmental burden was associated with exports to other Asian countries, North America and Europe. The majority of the environmental burden in metal extraction were finally attributed to manufacturing and service sectors. Moreover, a decoupling analysis reveals that the four environmental burden indicators can be decoupled from China's economic growth. Finally, we propose several policy recommendations to reduce these environmental burdens and facilitate the development of China’s clean energy technologies.
Multifocality in thyroid lobectomy and completion thyroidectomy – a single tertiary center retrospective study
Authors: Policardo Federica , Bruno Carmine , Tralongo Pietro , Vegni Federica , Feraco Angela , Zhang Qianqian , Padial-Urtueta Belen , Carlino Angela , Pontecorvi Alfredo , Fadda Guido , Raffaelli Marco , Larocca Luigi Maria , Pantanowitz Liron , Rossi Esther Diana 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Aims
The American Thyroid Association (ATA) updated guidelines for the treatment of thyroid cancer, leading to a less aggressive approach depending on clinical-pathological features. As a result, the possibility to perform lobectomy versus total thyroidectomy has significantly increased. The majority of thyroid cancers are indolent with an excellent prognosis, whilst only 15% of patients with well-differentiated carcinoma, including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) have locally advanced thyroid cancer (LATC) at diagnosis. We review our practice in treating thyroid carcinoma over the last decade.
Methods
From January 2010 to December 2020, 1057 patients with uninodular benign and malignant thyroid lesions were reviewed.
Results
Among these cases, 77% were women with a median age of 49.3 years. The series involved 307 malignant diagnoses (29.05%) including 196 (61.6%) classic PTC and 38 (12%) aggressive variants of PTC, mostly tall cell variant (30 cases, 9.4%). Among the malignant cases, multifocality was microscopically documented in 84 cases (26.4%). Second surgery was assessed in a total of 150 cases, showing 42 cases with additional thyroid cancer foci in the other lobe (26 single vs 16 multiple foci). Ten cases had metastatic perithyroidal lymph nodes
Conclusion
our data could be the basis for performing a longitudinal study in order to establish which risk factors can predict bilateral involvement and to suggest a tailored surgical approach
Lead, Cadmium and other metals in Residential Paint Chips from Indoor wall surfaces
Authors: Akindele Ajoke Fehintola Idayat , Joseph Akaninyene 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Paints beautify and shield houses, but may have risky metals like lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury that endanger occupants, mainly children and pregnant women. To assess the levels and health risks of 14 metals in paint chips from indoor walls of residential houses in four states in South-western Nigeria. Paint chips were collected from 144 houses with childrens’ occupants and analyzed for metals using inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometer. The Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) levels (mg/kg) ranged from 1239.9-2254.2 and 1126.5- 3080.3 in all the states examined, respectively. Arsenic (As) ranged from 1236.3- 915.2 ± 4.800 and 972.5–1492.0 in Lagos and Ibadan, respectively. In Ado-Ekiti and Akure, the levels of As ranged 828.3- 920.4 and 822.1-842.3 mg/kg, respectively. The chronic daily intake, hazard quotient, hazard index, and lifetime cancer risk of metals were estimated for ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure routes. The concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, and lead in paint chips exceeded the permissible limits for paints. The highest metal exposure and health risk were through ingestion, followed by inhalation and dermal contact. Children had higher exposure and risk than adults. Arsenic had the highest hazard index and lifetime cancer risk among the metals, followed by lead, chromium, and cadmium. The study revealed that paint chips from indoor walls pose a significant source of metal contamination and health risk, especially for children. There is a need for stricter regulation and monitoring of metal content in paints and paint chips in Nigeria.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve biomass, nutritive value, and digestibility of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Miller under different water levels by inducing resistances against cochineal infestation
Authors: Kebede Teame Gebrehiwot , Birhane Emiru , Ayimut Kiros-Meles , G.Egziabher Yemane 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Miller is dominantly growing in arid and semi-arid areas with low nutrient contents. Plants that grow with low-nutrient conditions are more attacked by herbivore insects and develop a strong association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to adapt to nutrient, drought, and herbivore insect stress. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of AMF inoculations and variable soil water levels (SWA) on the biomass, nutrient concentration, nutritional composition, and nutrient digestibility of the spiny and spineless O. ficus-indica by inducing resistance to cochineal stress.
Results: AMF was inoculated to O. ficus-indica plants to improve nutrient value and digestibility by inducing to resist cochineal and drought stresses. Second instar crawlers were exposed to the AMF treated and controlled O. ficus-indica plants. Drought stress reduced the below and above-ground biomass, cladode nutrient content, nutritional composition, and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD). AMF colonization significantly increased biomass production with significant changes in the macro and micro-nutrient concentrations of O. ficus-indica. AMF inoculation significantly increased the IVDMD and IVOMD of both O. ficus-indica types by improving the biomass, organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), and reduced fiber and ash contents. AMF-inoculated cladodes improved the nutrient concentrations of the cladodes. AMF caused an increase in biomass production, increased tolerance to cochineal stress, and improved nutrient concentration, nutritional composition, and nutrient digestibility performance of O. ficus-indica.
Conclusions: Our study concludes that the role of AMF on the O. ficus-indica plant is not only to resist drought and cochineal stress but also to improve biomass, nutrient concentration, nutritional composition, and nutrient digestibility. The potential of O. ficus-indica to adapt to cochineal stress is controlled by the micro and micro-nutrient concentration performance related to the AMF association.
A closer look from diversification perspectives with Bitcoin, Gold, Oil and Stock Marketsduring COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Braiek Sana 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The emergence of new asset classes such as Islamic assets and digital assets offers avenues to international investment community however understanding relationship between any assets in a single portfolio is important. Weinvestigate the risk dependence between daily Bitcoin DJWI,DJIM,Gold andOil prices spanning over from the 2nd of December 2019 to the 31st of May2021. We start by examining long memory properties and report significantresults. Our methodology consists to construct two types of portfolio, onewith the Islamic Dow Jones Islamic index and one with the ConventionalDow Jones index. We refer to the model proposed by BraÃÂ¯ek et al (2020)the Mean-CoVaR to obtain the optimal weights. We find that the frontier ofthe portfolio with (DJWI) out performs the frontier of the portfolio with DJIM.Our results suggest that the inclusion of DJIW into diversified portfolio maybe profitable during the pandemic, serving therefore as risk diversifier. Weshow that our results are robust to the period of the recent market fluctuationscaused by COVID-19.
JEL classification : C51; C52; C58; G11; G17
WITHDRAWN: IEER: Inferring Embedded Email Roles
Authors: Ejaz Usama Abdullah , Cheema Muhammad Faisal , Khan Kifayat Ullah 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

In this study, we investigate the use of representation learning techniques for solving complex problems represented as graphs. To this end, we propose a novel method for learning graph representations called Inferring Embedded Email Roles (IEER). Our method generates low-dimensional vectorized features by acquiring local structural information for each vertex in the graph. Unlike existing approaches that have focused on incorporating various graph attributes, our method takes a unique approach to improving the performance of the base framework, EMBedding Email-based Roles (EMBER). This research aims to understand the effectiveness of an embedding technique for generating graph representations and its suitability for replacing the base framework technique. We identify an embedding technique that significantly improves the performance of EMBER, resulting in a 94\% accuracy improvement using the Permutation Invariant technique, which has been shown to outperform matrix factorization techniques in capturing structural behaviors. This technique has been shown to outperform matrix factorization techniques in dealing with structural behaviors. Additionally, our method is scalable and linear concerning the number of vertices in the graph.
Decoding the Virulence by sequencing analysis: Investigating Key Genes in Salmonella Typhi Isolates from Baghdad
Authors: Dawood Muna Sabah , Hussein Nadheema Hammood , Rasool Khetam Habeeb 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Typhoid fever is one of the most important problem of global health in the developing countries, and the pathogenicity of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) depends on possession of different virulence factors, this study amid to investigate the spread of virulence genes among S. Typhi isolates from patients with typhoid fever in Baghdad, Iraq. Sixty S. Typhi isolates were collected from several hospitals in Baghdad. All isolates identified by vitek-II and then identification confirmed by PCR to detect 16S rRNA gene. The susceptibility test to different antimicrobials performed by method of disk diffusion, the results found the highest resistance rate (100%) to Ampicillin, Piperacillin, Cefotaxime and Ceftriaxone in contrast, the highest sensitivity rate (100%) found to Ertapenem, Imipenem, Meropenem and Sulfamethoxazole \Trimethoprim. The presence of genes encoding for virulence in S. Typhi isolates was tested by conventional PCR and the result found out of 60 S. Typhi isolates, 59 (98.3%), 59 (98.3%), 58 (96.7%) (Significant differences (< 0.01)), and 60 (100%) were positive for viaB, staA, cdtB and orfL genes, respectively. Sequencing of PCR products were carried out in the Macrogen Company (Seoul/ Korea), and the sequences compared to the nucleotide sequences in Gen-Bank database / BLAST. Also the phylogenetic analyses of16S rRNA, viaB, staA and cdtB based on the sequences of these genes were done and results found highly similarity of local sequences to the closely related sequences of genes in GenBank by using MEGA11 software. According to this results, presence of viaB, staA, cdtB and orfL virulence genes in almost isolates under study play an important role in the pathogenicity of local isolates.
Topic Modelling and Density-based Clustering for Opinion Anomaly Detection on Forum Discussion Transcript
Authors: Yudhistira Peter , Budhi Gregorius Satia , Tjondrowiguno Alvin Nathaniel 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

A directed discussion is a platform where community members may discuss specific topics whose scope is defined by the forum's facilitator. Several issues arose in a setting where each speaker's comment regarding the discussion topic must be noted for further manual and thorough analysis. Due to the sheer volume of the speech data and the limitation of available manpower, the assigned annotator for a given discussion frequently lost focus and became unable to take accurate note of each speaker's comment, resorting to paraphrasing. The paraphrasing caused a loss of information, context, and personal bias that prevented an objective evaluation. This study intended to address the issue and is conducted to objectively retrieve the comments contributed by each discussion member regarding a given topic and utilise unsupervised learning to find and identify anomalous comments. In particular, comments that are not appropriate to the topic of the discussion become the focus of this study. To this end, we propose a feature extraction and anomaly detection pipeline. The obtained text corpus will have its features extracted with word embedding and topic modelling. The extracted features will then become input for the anomaly detection methods: density-based clustering (DBSCAN), Isolation Forest (IF), and Local Outlier Factor (LOF). This research aims to search for effective combinations of parameters to obtain said anomalies. Our results indicate that topic modelling with Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) as a feature extraction method and DBSCAN could isolate inappropriate, unrelated comments with up to 71.42% accuracy.
Exploring the Effect of Team Personality Traits, Role Behaviour and Job Performance on Project Success. A Case of Telecom Projects in Emerging Markets.
Authors: Okeyia Charles , Smith Charlotte , Koubouros Michail 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Team personality traits enable project practitioners to deliver project success through role behaviour and job performance. However, various team personality traits influence role behaviour and job performance. Project success is a challenging phenomenon for project practitioners, where different factors play a critical role in project success. The objective of this study is to explore the effect of team personality traits on project success, with moderating effects of role behaviour and job performance. The study includes participants from telecom organisations in Nigeria, an emerging market, using the survey-structured quantitative data collection technique. The five-factors personal traits model was used to assess the individual participants and personal traits and team role experience and orientation factors. The collected data was analysed using the SPSS AMOS v29, with the results indicating that personal trait factors of agreeableness and conscientiousness are positive predictors of project success. In contrast, openness, extraversion and neuroticism did not have a strong correlation with project success in this context. The findings also concluded that the team role experience and orientation supported the role behaviour impact on project success. The team role experience and orientation model factors as moderators to role behaviour and job performance, which are relevant to the theory and practice and provide in-depth insight that is valuable for project practitioners, decision-makers, individuals, and scholars.
SMAD2/3-SMYD2 and developmental transcription factors form positive feedback loops with cell cycle inhibitors to guide tissue formation
Authors: Militi Stefania , Nibhani Reshma , Pook Martin , Pauklin Siim 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Tissue formation and organ homeostasis is achieved by precise coordination of proliferation and differentiation of stem cells and progenitors. While deregulation of these processes can result in degenerative disease or cancer, their molecular interplays remain unclear. Here we show that the switch of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) self-renewal to differentiation is associated with the induction of distinct Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitors (CDKIs). In hPSCs, Activin/Nodal/TGFβ signalling maintains CDKIs in a poised state via SMAD2/3-NANOG-OCT4-EZH2-SNON transcriptional complex. Upon gradual differentiation, CDKIs are induced by successive transcriptional complexes between SMAD2/3-SMYD2 and developmental regulators such as EOMES, thereby lengthening the G1 phase. This, in turn, induces SMAD2/3 transcriptional activity by blocking its linker phosphorylation. Such SMAD2/3-CDKI positive feedback loops drive the exit from pluripotency and stepwise cell fate specification that could be harnessed for producing cells for therapeutic applications. Our study uncovers fundamental mechanisms how cell fate specification is interconnected to cell cycle dynamics and provides insight to autonomous circuitries governing tissue self-formation.
Structure and equation of state of Ti-bearing davemaoite: New insights into the chemical heterogeneity in the lower mantle
Authors: Chao Keng-Hsien , Berrada Meryem , Wang Siheng , Peckenpaugh Juliana , Zhang Dongzhou , Chariton Stella , Prakapenka Vitali , Chen Bin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Davemaoite (CaSiO3 perovskite) is considered the third most abundant phase in the pyrolytic lower mantle and the second most abundant phase in the subducted mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB). During the partial melting of the pyrolytic upper mantle, incompatible titanium (Ti) becomes enriched in the basaltic magma, forming Ti-rich MORB. Davemaoite is considered an important Ti-bearing mineral in subducted slabs by forming a Ca(Si,Ti)O3 solid solution. However, the crystal structure and compressibility of Ca(Si,Ti)O3 perovskite solid solution at relevant pressure and temperature conditions had not been systematically investigated. In this study, we investigated the structure and equations of state of Ca(Si0.83Ti0.17)O3 and Ca(Si0.75Ti0.25)O3 perovskites at room temperature up to 82 and 64 GPa, respectively, by synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD). We found that both Ca(Si0.83Ti0.17)O3 and Ca(Si0.75Ti0.25)O3 perovskites have a tetragonal structure up to the maximum pressures investigated. Based on the observed data and compared to pure CaSiO3 davemaoite, both Ca(Si0.83Ti0.17)O3 and Ca(Si0.75Ti0.25)O3 perovskites are expected to be less dense up to the core-mantle boundary (CMB), and specifically ~1–2% less dense than CaSiO3 davemaoite in the pressure range of the transition zone (15–25 GPa). Our results suggest that the presence of Ti-bearing davemaoite phases may result in a reduction in the average density of the subducting slabs, which in turn promotes their stagnation in the lower mantle. The presence of low-density Ti-bearing davemaoite phases and subduction of MORB in the lower mantle may also explain the seismic heterogeneity in the lower mantle, such as large low shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs).
Elastic anomalies across the P21nm→Pnnm structural phase transition in δ-(Al,Fe)OOH
Authors: Satta Niccolò , Criniti Giacomo , Kurnosov Alexander , Ballaran Tiziana Boffa , Ishii Takayuki , Marquardt Hauke 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Hydrogen may be recycled into the Earth’s lower mantle by subduction and stabilized in solid solutions between phase H (MgSiO4H2), δ-AlOOH, ε-FeOOH, and SiO2 post-stishovite. In high-pressure oxyhydroxide phases, hydrogen is incorporated following the typical (OHO) sequence, adopting the asymmetric configuration O-H···O that evolves into a symmetric disordered state upon compression. Moreover, these iron-bearing aluminum oxyhydroxides [δ-(Al,Fe)OOH] present a structural phase transition from P21nm to Pnnm as pressure increases. Here, the single-crystal elasticity of the P21nm phase of δ-(Al0.97Fe0.03)OOH has been experimentally determined across the P21nm→Pnnm transition up to 7.94(2) GPa by simultaneous single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Brillouin scattering at high pressures. The transition appears to be continuous, and it can be described with a second-, fourth-, and sixth-order terms Landau potential. Our results reveal an enhanced unit-cell volume compressibility, which is linked to an increase of the b- and a-axes linear compressibility in the P21nm phase of δ-(Al0.97Fe0.03)OOH prior to the transition. In addition, we observed the presence of elastic softening in the P21nm phase that mostly impacts the elastic stiffness coefficients c12, c22, and c23. The observed elastic anomalies cause a significant change in the pressure dependence of the adiabatic bulk modulus (KS). These results provide a better understanding of the relation between elasticity, P21nm→Pnnm structural phase transition, and hydrogen dynamics in δ-(Al0.97Fe0.03)OOH, which may be applied to other O-H···O-bearing phases.
Drug therapy possibilities for various forms of chronic rhinitis accompanied by dry nose syndrome
Authors: Ryazantsev S. V. , Zakharova G. P. , Ivanov N. I. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Dry nose syndrome is a polyetiological condition that is common among patients of all age groups from infancy to profoundly old age. The low effectiveness of treatment is associated with the progression of atrophic mucous membrane degeneration, which also affects the cartilaginous and bony parts of the nasal cavity. Significant impairment of the protective, respiratory and olfactory function leads to decreased quality of life of patients, delayed adaptation, and arrested psychosomatic and physical development of children. Herbal medications refer to the agents that have minimal toxicity and side effects and effectively facilitate the restoration of functional integrity of the mucous membrane.Aim. To discuss the results of studies on the effectiveness of natural medicines in the treatment of patients with dry nose syndrome.Materials and methods. We conducted a literature search and studied publications (articles and relevant abstracts) containing information on various diseases that are accompanied by dry nose syndrome, as well as therapeutic options for this syndrome in Russian and foreign databases. The material was selected according to the following keywords: dry nose syndrome, atrophic rhinitis, mint essential oil, pine essential oil, eucalyptus essential oil. The study was conducted using the search engines Scopus, PubMed, CyberLeninka, Elibrary.ru, Google Scholar.Results and discussion. The study results suggested the potential and benefits of the topical use of a combination medicine containing essential oils of eucalyptus, mint, and pine as a treatment and prophylactic medication in patients with dry nose syndrome.Conclusion. Dyshesol, a herbal medicine that is an oil solution, meets the requirements for complex pathogenetic therapy in patients with dry nose syndrome of various etiologies, and can be recommended as a preventive and therapeutic medication for all age groups, and children from the age of two.