bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quetiapine in relapse prevention in alcoholics suffering from craving and affective symptoms: a case series
Authors: Croissant B. , Klein O. , Gehrlein L. , Kniest A. , Hermann D. , Diehl A. , Mann K. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractPurposeQuetiapine is a novel antipsychotic, which is efficacious in the treatment of positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Research has shown that atypical antipsychotic also reduce the craving and consumption for stimulants and alcohol. Due to Quetiapine's particulars and the promising receptor profile concerning addiction medicine, we set out to examine the tolerability and efficacy concerning relapse prevention of withdrawn alcoholics suffering from craving and affective symptoms.Subjects and methodsOur case observations attempted to evaluate nine alcoholics after withdrawal suffering from persisting craving, sleep disorder, excitement, depressive symptoms or anxiety symptoms. The patients were treated with quetiapine as relapse prevention and we followed them up in our outpatient clinic.ResultsEight out of nine patients were abstinent under quetiapine over a period of 2–7 months. One of these patients relapsed after he stopped taking the preparation at his own initiative after 10 weeks. The ninth patient stopped taking the preparation immediately because of swollen nasal mucosae. All target symptoms disappeared in the patients after an average of (mean ± S.D.) 24.5 ± 18.1 days. The overall tolerability was considered to be very good; however, initial sleepiness appeared in four patients.ConclusionAlthough uncontrolled case observations can only be interpreted with caution quetiapine seems to deserve further investigation and may hold the potential for preventing alcohol relapse in alcoholics suffering from additional above-mentioned symptoms.
Hospital-treated physical illnesses and mortality: An 11-year follow-up study of long-stay psychiatric patients
Authors: Räsänen Sami , Meyer-Rochow Victor Benno , Moring Juha , Hakko Helinä 
Published: December 2006

AbstractUnder-recognitions of somatic illnesses have frequently been suggested to explain the well-known increased risks of mortality in long-stay psychiatric patients. There are, however, no studies, in which register information on realized somatic hospitalisations and mortality from somatic illnesses in psychiatric patients are actually linked and simultaneously evaluated. In this study, 208 long-stay psychiatric patients, suffering from functional psychoses (mainly schizophrenia) in Northern Finland were followed up for 11 years, and screened for all somatic hospitalisations and subsequent causes of death. 86.5% of the patients had undergone hospital treatment due to some physical illness after their first psychiatric admission. During specialized psychiatric care the majority of the deceased patients had received some somatic treatment for illnesses that ultimately caused their deaths: 81% representing circulatory, 71% digestive, 56% neoplastic, and 36% respiratory ailments. We found no evidence for the frequently expressed view that somatic illnesses in psychiatric patients were under-recognized. Thus, the widely-documented poor physical outcome of long-stay psychiatric patients may be not attributable to neglect of care or abandon, but to difficulties in efficaciously addressing medical conditions in a population characterised by unhealthy life-style habits, psychiatric disability and isolation. The health care systems apparently offer a range of services, but the latter do not always reach the patients. Why this is so requires detailed further investigation.
Cervical Cancer: The Indian Perspective
Authors: VALLIKAD E 
Published: December 2006

AbstractCancer of the uterine cervix is the commonest gynaecologic cancer in India, with most women presenting with disease extending beyond the cervix. The majority of women belong to the lower socioeconomic status, are rural, aged between 35 and 64 years and highly noncompliant for complete treatment and follow‐up. Opportunistic screening with cytology, colposcopy and test for Human Papilloma Virus and appropriate treatment are available on payment at urban private medical centres but are not available at urban and rural government health centres that are accessed by women of the lower socioeconomic status. The Government's investment in health is 0.9% of the GDP. Thus cytology screening as a government health measure is not feasible. The ‘social vaccine’ of health empowerment along with visual inspection and appropriate referral by the rural and urban health personnel (Department of Health and Family Welfare); with an additional input of health awareness and motivation by Anganwadi Workers (Department of Women and Child Development), elected women representatives in the Panchayats (Department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj) and non‐governmental development agencies could be a collaborative effort towards “downstaging” cervical cancer. This could lay the foundation for the introduction of cytology screening when resources are available.
Quality of Life Considerations in Gynecologic Cancer
Authors: PENSON Richard T , WENZEL Lari B , VERGOTE Ignace , CELLA David 
Published: December 2006

AbstractQuality of life (QOL) is a fundamental consideration for patients with life threatening diseases. Major evolving paradigms are discussed: improved QOL with laparoscopic surgery, the impact on QOL of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for optimally cytoreduced ovarian cancer, combination therapy, sexuality, and survivorship. The goals of treatment for many patients with gynecologic tumors remain largely palliative, and patient reported QOL is the primary outcome determining the utility of treatment. Particularly in this area, QOL endpoints are increasingly important in clinical trials. The QOL issues facing gynecologic cancer patients, the use of validated QOL instruments, recent advances in the evaluation of interventions, and changes in concepts related to QOL are reviewed.
A comparative study of a 0.1 m2 and 0.25 m2 Hamon grab for sampling macrobenthic fauna from offshore marine gravels
Authors: Boyd S.E. , Barry J. , Nicholson M. 
Published: December 2006

This paper is concerned with comparing the relative performance of small (0.1 m2) and large (0.25 m2) Hamon grabs for sampling the benthic macro-invertebrates from coarse offshore marine sediments. We present results based on an actual survey near the Isle of Wight, UK, but we also summarize and develop a statistical theory as well as demonstrate the theory using a small simulation study. Our results show that: the larger grabs are more difficult to handle, especially from small vessels; for a given sampling area the small grab can provide a more precise estimate of abundance than the larger grab if the individuals are clustered; the smaller grab can detect more species than the larger grab if individuals from the same species are clustered together (in our study, approximately 5% more species); and the smaller grab may undersample larger macrofaunal species and also species that live on larger cobbles.We present theoretical equations to demonstrate the two samplers abilities to capture cobbles of different sizes. Multivariate techniques suggest that differences in the composition of the fauna collected using the different sized grabs are statistically significant, but small. It is more expensive to process samples from the smaller grab per unit area. However, per grab, the smaller grab is cheaper. We also present a model to demonstrate the effect on species occurrence and abundance.
Degradation of the hexose transporter Hxt5p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: van Suylekom Denise , van Donselaar Elly , Blanchetot Christophe , Do Ngoc Lan Nguyen , Humbel Bruno M. , Boonstra Johannes 
Published: December 2006

Background information. Hxt5p is a member of a multigene family of hexose transporter proteins which translocate glucose across the plasma membrane of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In contrast with other major hexose transporters of this family, Hxt5p expression is regulated by the growth rate of the cells and not by the external glucose concentration. Furthermore, Hxt5p is the only glucose transporter expressed during stationary phase. These observations suggest a different role for Hxt5p in S. cerevisiae. Therefore we studied the metabolism and localization of Hxt5p in more detail.Results and conclusions. Inhibition of HXT5 expression in stationary‐phase cells by the addition of glucose, which increases the growth rate, led to a decrease in the amount of Hxt5 protein within a few hours. Addition of glucose to stationary‐phase cells resulted in a transient phosphorylation of Hxt5p on serine residues, but no ubiquitination was detected. The decrease in Hxt5p levels is caused by internalization of the protein, as observed by immunofluorescence microscopy. In stationary‐phase cells, Hxt5p was localized predominantly at the cell periphery and upon addition of glucose to the cells the protein translocated to the cell interior. Electron microscopy demonstrated that the internalized Hxt5p—HA (haemagglutinin) protein was localized to small vesicles, multivesicular bodies and the vacuole. These results suggest that internalization and degradation of Hxt5p in the vacuole occur in an ubiquitination‐independent manner via the endocytic pathway.
The Research, Policy, and Practice Context for Delivery of Evidence-Based Mental Health Treatments for Adolescents: A Systems Perspective
Authors: Hoagwood Kimberly 
Published: December 2006

Abstract
The purpose of this chapter is to outline these challenges to improving delivery of effective treatments for adolescents and their families and to define a set of research and policy directions that may help improve delivery. In particular, a number of major multisite studies supported by several foundations and federal agencies are currently under way to examine contextual influences on delivery of youth mental health services. These studies will very likely lead to new ways of thinking about implementation and dissemination of effective practices.
A Call to Action on Adolescent Mental Health
Authors: Jamieson Kathleen Hall , Romer Daniel 
Published: December 2006

Abstract
In this final chapter, we summarize important policy implications of the commission reports and highlight steps they suggest to advance the healthy development of America's youth. The reports provide a hopeful assessment of our ability to treat the most prevalent adolescent disorders. At the same time, enormous hurdles remain in our ability to deliver these treatments, and our knowledge base of effective treatments still has important gaps. These considerations suggest that we face formidable challenges if we wish to ensure the healthy development of our youth. Nevertheless, our ever-growing understanding of environments that encourage healthy development bodes well for our future ability to both treat and prevent adolescent mental disorder.
Quantitative performance metrics for robustness in circadian rhythms
Authors: Bagheri Neda , Stelling Jörg , Doyle Francis J. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractMotivation: Sensitivity analysis provides key measures that aid in unraveling the design principles responsible for the robust performance of biological networks. Such metrics allow researchers to investigate comprehensively model performance, to develop more realistic models, and to design informative experiments. However, sensitivity analysis of oscillatory systems focuses on period and amplitude characteristics, while biologically relevant effects on phase are neglected.Results: Here, we introduce a novel set of phase-based sensitivity metrics for performance: period, phase, corrected phase and relative phase. Both state- and phase-based tools are applied to free-running Drosophila melanogaster and Mus musculus circadian models. Each metric produces unique sensitivity values used to rank parameters from least to most sensitive. Similarities among the resulting rank distributions strongly suggest a conservation of sensitivity with respect to parameter function and type. A consistent result, for instance, is that model performance of biological oscillators is more sensitive to global parameters than local (i.e. circadian specific) parameters. Discrepancies among these distributions highlight the individual metrics' definition of performance as specific parametric sensitivity values depend on the defined metric, or output.Availability: An implementation of the algorithm in MATLAB (Mathworks, Inc.) is available from the authors.Contact: frank.doyle@icb.ucsb.eduSupplementary information: Supplementary Data are available at Bioinformatics online.
GGtools: analysis of genetics of gene expression in bioconductor
Authors: Carey Vincent J. , Morgan Martin , Falcon Seth , Lazarus Ross , Gentleman Robert 
Published: December 2006

AbstractSummary: This paper reviews the central concepts and implementation of data structures and methods for studying genetics of gene expression with the GGtools package of Bioconductor. Illustration with a HapMap+expression dataset is provided.Availability: Package GGtools is part of Bioconductor 1.9 (). Open source with Artistic License.Contact: stvjc@channing.harvard.edu
A New CULLIN 1 Mutant Has Altered Responses to Hormones and Light in Arabidopsis
Authors: Moon Jennifer , Zhao Yunde , Dai Xinhua , Zhang Wenjing , Gray William M. , Huq Enamul , Estelle Mark 
Published: December 2006

Abstract
Regulated protein degradation contributes to plant development by mediating signaling events in many hormone, light, and developmental pathways. Ubiquitin ligases recognize and ubiquitinate target proteins for subsequent degradation by the 26S proteasome. The multisubunit SCF is the best-studied class of ubiquitin ligases in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, the extent of SCF participation in signaling networks is unclear. SCFs are composed of four subunits: CULLIN 1 (CUL1), ASK, RBX1, and an F-box protein. Null mutations in CUL1 are embryo lethal, limiting insight into the role of CUL1 and SCFs in later stages of development. Here, we describe a viable and fertile weak allele of CUL1, called cul1-6. cul1-6 plants have defects in seedling and adult morphology. In addition to reduced auxin sensitivity, cul1-6 seedlings are hyposensitive to ethylene, red, and blue light conditions. An analysis of protein interactions with the cul1-6 gene product suggests that both RUB (related to ubiquitin) modification and interaction with the SCF regulatory protein CAND1 (cullin associated and neddylation dissociated) are disrupted. These findings suggest that the morphological defects observed in cul1-6 plants are caused by defective SCF complex formation. Characterization of weak cul1 mutants provides insight into the role of SCFs throughout plant growth and development.
Repression of theLEAFY COTYLEDON 1/B3Regulatory Network in Plant Embryo Development byVP1/ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 3-LIKEB3 Genes
Authors: Suzuki Masaharu , Wang Heidi H.-Y. , McCarty Donald R. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractPlant embryo development is regulated by a network of transcription factors that include LEAFY COTYLEDON 1 (LEC1), LEC1-LIKE (L1L), and B3 domain factors, LEAFY COTYLEDON 2 (LEC2), FUSCA3 (FUS3), and ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 3 (ABI3) of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Interactions of these genes result in temporal progression of overlapping B3 gene expression culminating in maturation and desiccation of the seed. Three VP1/ABI3-LIKE (VAL) genes encode B3 proteins that include plant homeodomain-like and CW domains associated with chromatin factors. Whereas val monogenic mutants have phenotypes similar to wild type, val1 val2 double-mutant seedlings form no leaves and develop embryo-like proliferations in root and apical meristem regions. In a val1 background, val2 and val3 condition a dominant variegated leaf phenotype revealing a VAL function in vegetative development. Reminiscent of the pickle (pkl) mutant, inhibition of gibberellin biosynthesis during germination induces embryonic phenotypes in val1 seedlings. Consistent with the embryonic seedling phenotype, LEC1, L1L, ABI3, and FUS3 are up-regulated in val1 val2 seedlings in association with a global shift in gene expression to a profile resembling late-torpedo-stage embryogenesis. Hence, VAL factors function as global repressors of the LEC1/B3 gene system. The consensus binding site of the ABI3/FUS3/LEC2 B3 DNA-binding domain (Sph/RY) is strongly enriched in the promoters and first introns of VAL-repressed genes, including the early acting LEC1 and L1L genes. We suggest that VAL targets Sph/RY-containing genes in the network for chromatin-mediated repression in conjunction with the PKL-related CHD3 chromatin-remodeling factors.
Vitamin B1-Induced Priming Is Dependent on Hydrogen Peroxide and theNPR1Gene in Arabidopsis
Authors: Ahn Il-Pyung , Kim Soonok , Lee Yong-Hwan , Suh Seok-Cheol 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThiamine confers systemic acquired resistance (SAR) on susceptible plants through priming, leading to rapid counterattack against pathogen invasion and perturbation of disease progress. Priming reduces the metabolic cost required for constitutive expression of acquired resistance. To investigate the effects of priming by thiamine on defense-related responses, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) was treated with thiamine and effects of pathogen challenge on the production of active oxygen species, callose deposition, hypersensitive cell death, and pathogenesis-related 1 (PR1)/Phe ammonia-lyase 1 (PAL1) gene expression was analyzed. Thiamine did not induce cellular and molecular defense responses except for transient expression of PR1 per se; however, subsequent Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato challenge triggered pronounced cellular defense responses and advanced activation of PR1/PAL1 gene transcription. Thiamine treatment and subsequent pathogen invasion triggered hydrogen peroxide accumulation, callose induction, and PR1/PAL1 transcription activation in Arabidopsis mutants insensitive to jasmonic acid (jar1), ethylene (etr1), or abscisic acid (abi3-3), but not in plants expressing bacterial NahG and lacking regulation of SAR (npr1 [nonexpressor of PR genes 1]). Moreover, removal of hydrogen peroxide by catalase almost completely nullified cellular and molecular defense responses as well as SAR abolishing bacterial propagation within plants. Our results indicated that priming is an important cellular mechanism in SAR by thiamine and requires hydrogen peroxide and intact NPR1.
Abscisic Acid Antagonizes Ethylene-Induced Hyponastic Growth in Arabidopsis
Authors: Benschop Joris J. , Millenaar Frank F. , Smeets Maaike E. , van Zanten Martijn , Voesenek Laurentius A.C.J. , Peeters Anton J.M. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractEthylene induces enhanced differential growth in petioles of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), resulting in an upward movement of the leaf blades (hyponastic growth). The amplitude of this effect differs between accessions, with Columbia-0 (Col-0) showing a large response, while in Landsberg erecta (Ler), hyponastic growth is minimal. Abscisic acid (ABA) was found to act as an inhibitory factor of this response in both accessions, but the relationship between ethylene and ABA differed between the two; the ability of ABA to inhibit ethylene-induced hyponasty was significantly more pronounced in Col-0. Mutations in ABI1 or ABI3 induced a strong ethylene-regulated hyponastic growth in the less responsive accession Ler, while the response was abolished in the ABA-hypersensitive era1 in Col-0. Modifications in ABA levels altered petiole angles in the absence of applied ethylene, indicating that ABA influences petiole angles also independently from ethylene. A model is proposed whereby the negative effect of ABA on hyponastic growth is overcome by ethylene in Col-0 but not in Ler. However, when ABA signaling is artificially released in Ler, this regulatory mechanism is bypassed, resulting in a strong hyponastic response in this accession.
Mosaicing of microscope images with global geometric and radiometric corrections
Authors: SUN CHANGMING , BEARE RICHARD , HILSENSTEIN VOLKER , JACKWAY PAUL 
Published: December 2006

SummaryImage mosaicing has found a number of applications such as panoramic imaging, digital terrain mapping, ophthalmology and virtual microscopy. In this study, we present an automated mosaicing technique for generating virtual slides from microscope images. We carried out robust image feature matching and global geometric and radiometric parameter estimation. The input images were transformed using the estimated geometric and radiometric parameters and mosaiced together, producing accurate registration of overlapping regions without visible seams.
Calibration of a wide‐field frequency‐domain fluorescence lifetime microscopy system using light emitting diodes as light sources
Authors: ELDER A. D. , FRANK J. H. , SWARTLING J. , DAI X. , KAMINSKI C. F. 
Published: December 2006

SummaryHigh brightness light emitting diodes are an inexpensive and versatile light source for wide‐field frequency‐domain fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. In this paper a full calibration of an LED based fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy system is presented for the first time. A radio‐frequency generator was used for simultaneous modulation of light emitting diode (LED) intensity and the gain of an intensified charge coupled device (CCD) camera. A homodyne detection scheme was employed to measure the demodulation and phase shift of the emitted fluorescence, from which phase and modulation lifetimes were determined at each image pixel. The system was characterized both in terms of its sensitivity to measure short lifetimes (500 ps to 4 ns), and its capability to distinguish image features with small lifetime differences. Calibration measurements were performed in quenched solutions containing Rhodamine 6G dye and the results compared to several independent measurements performed with other measurement methodologies, including time correlated single photon counting, time gated detection, and acousto optical modulator (AOM) based modulation of excitation sources. Results are presented from measurements and simulations. The effects of limited signal‐to‐noise ratios, baseline drifts and calibration errors are discussed in detail. The implications of limited modulation bandwidth of high brightness, large area LED devices (∼40 MHz for devices used here) are presented. The results show that phase lifetime measurements are robust down to sub ns levels, whereas modulation lifetimes are prone to errors even at large signal‐to‐noise ratios. Strategies for optimizing measurement fidelity are discussed. Application of the fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy system is illustrated with examples from studies of molecular mixing in microfluidic devices and targeted drug delivery research.