bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moderating effects of self-esteem instability on the association between self-esteem level and emotional reactions to receiving comfort among Japanese university students
Authors: Ogawa Shota 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe relationship between self-esteem and emotional reactions to receiving comfort has been extensively studied in social and personality psychology, but the results have been inconsistent. Therefore, this study investigated the association between emotional reactions to receiving comfort from friends and self-esteem by examining whether an instability in self-esteem mediates the association between self-esteem levels and comfort effectiveness. Japanese university students (N = 115) read a vignette involving comfort and completed a questionnaire evaluating the emotions they felt when a friend offered comfort. They also completed a daily measure of state self-esteem for 7 days, the perceived self-Esteem instability measure (P-SEI), and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES). Results were derived using multiple regression analysis. The interaction between P-SEI and RSES predicted gratitude when gender, friendship intimacy, seriousness, and controllability of the scenario were controlled for. The interaction between state self-esteem and instability was not significant. People with stable low self-esteem felt less grateful when comforted than those with unstable self-esteem, but they showed high gratitude and low hostility when comforted by a close friend. Although participants with stable low self-esteem were less impacted by comforted, the comfort provided by close friends induced positive emotions. This study offers a more comprehensive understanding of the correlations between self-esteem and the effectiveness of comfort by concurrently employing different self-esteem measurement tools and revealing the importance of the level and stability of self-esteem.
Automated Colorectal Polyps Detection from Endoscopic Images using MultiResUNet Framework with Attention Guided Segmentation
Authors: Ahamed Md. Faysal , Islam Md. Rabiul , Nahiduzzaman Md. , Chowdhury Muhammad E. H. , Alqahtani Abdulrahman , Murugappan M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe early detection of colorectal polyps is crucial for the reduction of mortality rates. However, manually identifying polyps is time-consuming and expensive, increasing the risk of missing them. Our paper aims to address this issue by presenting an automated segmentation approach for colorectal polyps. This paper proposes a method that combines a skip connection with hybrid attention guidance (AG) using attention guidance (AG) and residual path frameworks to identify salient features. Furthermore, we augment test samples using original, horizontal flip, and vertical flip transformations to enhance model robustness through Test Time Augmentation (TTA). The model was trained with Kvasir-seg samples and evaluated on Kvasir-seg and CVC-ClinicDB datasets to gauge generalizability. A significant accuracy (0.9546), a Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) of 0.8557, a Cross-section over Union (IoU) of 0.8824, a Recall (0.8221), a Precision (0.8922), an area under Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC-AUC) of 0.9454, and an area under Precision-Recall (AUC-PR) of 0.8717 were achieved without TTA. Through TTA integration, accuracy (0.9993), DSC (0.8663), IoU (0.8277), Recall (0.8060), Precision (0.9364), and ROC-AUC (0.9587) have been improved. A comparison of our framework with state-of-the-art models demonstrated its effectiveness and segmentation capabilities. Additionally, the proposed model contains only 0.47 million parameters and a weight size of 6.71 MB, illustrating its potential for clinical diagnostics. A computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system improves patient outcomes by detecting colorectal polyps early and improving segmentation accuracy.
Back to the Future: A Case of Severe ARDS Responsive to Shunned Therapies, A Review of the Past, and a Road Map to Future Investigations
Authors: Keith Philip , Choe Carol , Rikard Ben , Stoudemire Kari , Guffey Amanda , Scott L. Keith 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic served as a reminder of the limited treatments available for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The pandemic has highlighted the need to identify different clinical phenotypes of ARDS and investigate various interventions and treatments, both new and old.

Case Presentation
We present a patient with severe ARDS secondary to COVID-19 who rapidly deteriorated despite neuromuscular blockade and prone ventilation. He was aggressively managed using a combination of high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV), high dose methylprednisolone, TPE, and direct instillation of liquid surfactant. He had an excellent clinical response and ultimately discharged to inpatient rehabilitation, then home, totally independent.

Conclusion
Relatively few effective treatment options exist for ARDS. Our patient’s response to a combination of interventions that have fallen out of clinical practice serves as a reminder that research is needed to help identify distinct phenotypes so that clinical trials can be designed to investigate interventions and treatments specific to the different phenotypes.
Digital intermediate product imports and firms’export quality: evidence from China
Authors: Ren Wanwan , Lin Tianhan , Hao Yuqian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBased on the ‘Statistical Classification of Digital Economy and Its Core Industries (2021)’ published by the National Bureau of Statistics of China, this paper proposes a more accurate method to identify digital intermediate products by matching China Industrial Classification code with Harmonized System code, and investigates the connection between digital intermediate product imports and firms’ export quality using China’s firm-level data from 2000 to 2013. Our estimations show that digital intermediate product imports can significantly promote the quality of firms’ export products through both the productivity channel and the quality production capacity channel, and the conclusion still holds after a series of endogeneity tests and robustness tests. Moreover, considering the heterogeneity effect of digital intermediate product imports with different characteristics, we find that high-quality and diversified digital intermediate product imports will strengthen the quality upgrading effect of firms’ export products, while the effect of improving the technical content is not significant. This paper provides a new path for firms, especially those in developing countries, to upgrade export quality.
SSCNet: learning-based subspace clustering
Authors: Xie Xingyu , Wu Jianlong , Liu Guangcan , Lin Zhouchen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSparse subspace clustering (SSC), a seminal clustering method, has demonstrated remarkable performance by effectively solving the data sparsity problem. However, it is not without its limitations. Key among these is the difficulty of incremental learning with the original SSC, accompanied by a computationally demanding recalculation process that constrains its scalability to large datasets. Moreover, the conventional SSC framework considers dictionary construction, affinity matrix learning and clustering as separate stages, potentially leading to suboptimal dictionaries and affinity matrices for clustering. To address these challenges, we present a novel clustering approach, called SSCNet, which leverages differentiable programming. Specifically, we redefine and generalize the optimization procedure of the linearized alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), framing it as a multi-block deep neural network, where each block corresponds to a linearized ADMM iteration step. This reformulation is used to address the SSC problem. We then use a shallow spectral embedding network as an unambiguous and differentiable module to approximate the eigenvalue decomposition. Finally, we incorporate a self-supervised structure to mitigate the non-differentiability inherent in k-means to achieve the final clustering results. In essence, we assign unique objectives to different modules and jointly optimize all module parameters using stochastic gradient descent. Due to the high efficiency of the optimization process, SSCNet can be easily applied to large-scale datasets. Experimental evaluations on several benchmarks confirm that our method outperforms traditional state-of-the-art approaches.
A differential game model for marine ranching development decisions between government and marine ranching enterprises considering myopic behavior
Authors: Leng Jie , Qi Xin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGovernment and marine ranching enterprises play decisive roles in promoting the sustainable development of marine ranching. The decisions made by these entities, whether short-sighted or far-sighted, can significantly impact the industry. This study proposes a differential game model to systematically examine the dynamic decision-making processes of both entities in promoting the development of marine ranching, considering their distinct behavioral strategies. This study helped in determining the optimal strategy for subsidy, the government’s promotional decisions, and the best development strategy for the enterprise. This study also uses Yantai marine ranching in Shandong Province as a case study. The findings suggest that government subsidy measures serve as an effective intervention to incentivize enterprises and boost market demand, regardless of short-sighted decisions by enterprises. However, short-sighted behavior by both the government and enterprises could negatively affect the goodwill and market demand for marine ranching products, thereby impeding the sustainable development of marine ranching. Moreover, the government’s decisions on a subsidy strategy for enterprises are based on external conditions. The study findings can offer valuable guidance for developing marine ranching.
Relationship Between Health Anxiety and Psychological Resilience Among Nursing Students and Predictors of Psychological Resilience in the Last Period of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sagkal Midilli Tulay , Kalkim Asli , Uslu Burcu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjective:The study aimed to determine health anxiety and psychological resilience and to investigate the relationship between health anxiety and psychological resilience among nursing students in the last period of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.Methods:This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted with 507 students in Turkey. The questionnaires used in the study were a student nurse information form, the Health Anxiety Inventory, and the Resilience Scale for Adults.Results:The mean age of the students was 20.70 ± 1.77 years. The health anxiety mean score was 36.19 ± 6.55, and the resilience scale mean score was 117.13 ± 16.00. There was a weak negative correlation between the students’ psychological resilience and their health anxiety (r = −0.207,P< 0.001).Conclusion:Having an extended family and having good relationships with family and friends were the predictors of psychological resilience. Social support and psychological care services under a biopsychosocial model by the management of university or faculty should be implemented for university students in order to preserve their resilience and well-being, to cope with the pandemic.
Generic Stability Independence and Treeless Theories
Authors: Kaplan Itay , Ramsey Nicholas , Simon Pierre 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We initiate a systematic study of generic stability independence and introduce the class of treeless theories in which this notion of independence is particularly well behaved. We show that the class of treeless theories contains both binary theories and stable theories and give several applications of the theory of independence for treeless theories. As a corollary, we show that every binary NSOP

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theory is simple.
‘The god of criminals is their belly’: diet, prisoner health, and prison medical officers in mid-nineteenth-century English and Irish prisons
Authors: Cox Catherine , Marland Hilary 
Published: April 2024

AbstractExisting scholarship on prison diets has emphasised the role of food and its restriction as a key aspect of the deterrent system of prison discipline introduced in the 1860s. Here we suggest that a strong emphasis was placed on dietary regulation after the establishment of the reformist, but also ‘testing’, separate system of confinement in the mid-nineteenth century. While the impact of diet on the physical health of prisoners was a major concern, we argue that the psychological impact of food was also stressed, and some prison administrators and doctors argued that diet had an important protective function in preserving inmates’ mental wellbeing. Drawing on a wide range of prison archives and official reports, this article explores the crucial role of prison medical officers in England and Ireland in implementing prison dietaries. It highlights the importance and high level of individual adaptations to dietary scales laid down centrally, as a means of utilising diet as a tool of discipline or as an intervention to improve prisoners’ health. It examines the forays of some prison doctors into dietary experiments, as they investigated the impact of different dietaries or made more quotidian adjustments to food intake, based on local conditions and food supplies. The article concludes that, despite central policies geared to establishing uniformity and interest in new scientific discourses on nutrition, a wide range of practices were pursued in individual prisons, mostly shaped by practical rather than scientific factors, with many prison medical officers asserting their autonomy in making dietary adjustments.
Do dimensions of childhood adversity differ in their direct associations with youth psychopathology? A meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Amy Hyoeun , Kitagawa Yukihiro , Mirhashem Rebecca , Rodriguez Micaela , Hilerio Romola , Bernard Kristin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Growing evidence supports the unique pathways by which threat and deprivation, two core dimensions of adversity, confer risk for youth psychopathology. However, the extent to which these dimensions differ in their direct associations with youth psychopathology remains unclear. The primary aim of this preregistered meta-analysis was to synthesize the associations between threat, deprivation, internalizing, externalizing, and trauma-specific psychopathology. Because threat is proposed to be directly linked with socioemotional development, we hypothesized that the magnitude of associations between threat and psychopathology would be larger than those with deprivation. We conducted a search for peer-reviewed articles in English using PubMed and PsycINFO databases through August 2022. Studies that assessed both threat and deprivation and used previously validated measures of youth psychopathology were included. One hundred and twenty-seven articles were included in the synthesis (N = 163,767). Results of our three-level meta-analyses indicated that adversity dimension significantly moderated the associations between adversity and psychopathology, such that the magnitude of effects for threat (r’s = .21–26) were consistently larger than those for deprivation (r’s = .16–.19). These differences were more pronounced when accounting for the threat-deprivation correlation. Additional significant moderators included emotional abuse and youth self-report of adversity. Findings are consistent with the Dimensional Model of Adversity and Psychopathology, with clinical, research, and policy implications.
Family-level moderators of daily associations between discrimination and distress among Mexican-origin youth
Authors: Valentino Kristin , Park Irene J. K. , Cruz-Gonzalez Mario , Zhen-Duan Jenny , Wang Lijuan , Yip Tiffany , Lorenzo Kyle , Dias David , Alvarez Kiara , Alegría Margarita 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The current study evaluated cultural values and family processes that may moderate associations between daily racial-ethnic discrimination and distress among Mexican-origin youth. Integrating micro-time (daily diary) and macro-time (longitudinal survey) research design features, we examined familism, family cohesion, and ethnic-racial socialization from youth-, mother-, and father- reports as potential buffers of daily associations between youth racial-ethnic discrimination and youth distress (negative affect and anger). The analytic sample, drawn from the Seguimos Avanzando study, included 317 Mexican-origin adolescents (Mage = 13.5 years) and their parents, recruited from the Midwestern United States. Results indicated that youth-reported familism and family cohesion significantly buffered daily associations between youth racial-ethnic discrimination and youth distress. In contrast, parent-reported familism and family cohesion and some aspects of ethnic-racial socialization exacerbated the discrimination to distress link. The implications of these results are discussed to inform efforts supporting the healthy development of Mexican-origin youth and their families.
Smart Cities and International Trade Law
Authors: Naiki Yoshiko 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA ‘smart city’ is a buzz term and concept. The ‘smart city’ has mainly been discussed in the scholarly literature on urban planning, architecture, and geography. While the ‘smart city’ has been under-analyzed in international trade law, the term ‘smart city’ is commonly used in Asian trade policies. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) established the ‘ASEAN Smart Cities Network’ and the ‘smart city’ is now an important market opportunity for exporting smart technologies and services to ASEAN. Against this backdrop, this article addresses how smart cities can be regulated and governed by international trade law. The trade law perspective facilitates a broader understanding of smart city governance, which includes under-explored ‘global’ regulatory dimensions concerning the interaction between local governments and foreign firms. This article selects three relevant trade areas for discussions: (1) Internet of Things in the context of trade in goods and services; (2) international standard-setting activities; and (3) data governance. It further considers what kinds of regulatory issues international smart city projects can add to the current digital trade discourse. Drawing on the smart city literature, the article points out additional problems concerning security and privacy that have not yet been acknowledged in digital trade.
Translation and validation of the Chinese version of Palliative Care Self-Efficacy Scale
Authors: Guo Junchen , Chen Yongyi , Shen Boyong , Peng Wei , Wang Lianjun , Dai Yunyun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesAccurately assessing the self-efficacy levels of palliative care professionals’ is crucial, as low levels of self-efficacy may contribute to the suboptimal provision of palliative care. However, there is currently lacking a reliable and valid instrument for evaluating the self-efficacy of palliative care practitioners in China. Therefore, this study aimed to translate, adapt, and validate the Palliative Care Self-Efficacy Scale (PCSS) among Chinese palliative care professionals.MethodsThis study involved the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the PCSS, and the evaluation of its psychometric properties through testing for homogeneity, content validity, construct validity, known-groups validity, and reliability.ResultsA total of 493 palliative care professionals participated in this study. The results showed the critical ratio value of each item was >3 (p < 0.01), and the corrected item-total correlation coefficients of all items ranged from 0.733 to 0.818, indicating a good homogeneity of the items with the scale. Additionally, the scale was shown to have good validity, with item-level content validity index ranged from 0.857 to 1.000, and scale-level content validity index/Ave was 0.956. The exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed the 2-factor structure of the Chinese version of PCSS (C-PCSS), explaining 74.19% of the variance. CFA verified that the 2-factor model had a satisfactory model fit, with χ2/df = 2.724, RMSEA = 0.084, GFI = 0.916, CFI = 0.967, and TLI = 0.952. The known-groups validity of C-PCSS was demonstrated good with its sensitive in differentiating levels of self-efficacy between professionals with less than 1 year of palliative care experience (p < 0.001) or without palliative care training (p = 0.014) and their counterparts. Furthermore, the C-PCSS also exhibited an excellent internal consistency, with the Cronbach’s α for the total scale of 0.943.Significance of resultsThe findings from this study affirmed good validity and reliability of the C-PCSS. It can be emerged as a valuable and reliable instrument for assessing the self-efficacy levels of palliative care professionals in China.
Konstruktion und explorative Analysen zur Güte des Inventars zur Erfassung von Achtsamkeit bei Jugendlichen
Authors: Strack Paula , Lüdeke Sören , Przibilla Bodo , Linderkamp Friedrich 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung: Bisherige Befunde der Wirksamkeitsforschung zeigen, dass Achtsamkeitsinterventionen geeignete Präventions- und Interventionsmaßnahmen für die mentale Gesundheit von Jugendlichen darstellen können. Im deutschen Sprachraum fehlt bislang jedoch ein diagnostisches Instrument zur Erfassung von Achtsamkeit im Jugendalter. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, ein deutschsprachiges Messinstrument zur multidimensionalen Erfassung von Achtsamkeit bei Jugendlichen zu konzipieren, welches entwicklungsbedingte Charakteristiken der Zielgruppe berücksichtigt. Eine Hauptachsenanalyse (principal axis factoring) mit anschließender Second-Order-Faktorenanalyse ( N = 400; 12 – 20-Jährige) ergab ein Achtsamkeitsinventar mit fünffaktorieller Struktur sowie einem Faktor höherer Ordnung. Abgebildet werden die Facetten Gegenwärtiges Bewusstsein, Bewusstes Handeln, Akzeptanz, Kognitive Nicht-Reaktivität sowie Emotionale Nicht-Reaktivität. Die Faktorenstruktur wurde an einer zweiten Stichprobe ( N = 317 Jugendliche, 162 Mädchen) konfirmatorisch überprüft. Die Untersuchungen zeigen erwartungskonforme Zusammenhänge zwischen Achtsamkeit sowie Problemverhalten ( r zwischen -.20 und -.49), prosozialem Verhalten ( r = .10) und Schulerfolg ( r = .18). Interne Konsistenzen der Skalen liegen im akzeptablen Bereich (α = .58-.75).