bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of intra‐examiner reproducibility in scoring caries in primary teeth of two scoring systems used to monitor caries progression
Authors: Solanki Geetesh C. , Sheiham Aubrey 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe investigation was designed to compare the reproducibility of scoring systems proposed by Pitts (1), and Murray & Majid (2), when used to monitor caries progression in primary teeth. A sub‐sample of the posterior bitewing radiographs of 301, 5‐yr‐old children from a Duraphat clinical trial were re‐examined. The difference in the reproducibility of the two methods was not significant (P<0.05). The concern regarding the effect on reproducibility of using scoring systems with subdivisions of enamel when measuring caries progression in primary teeth appears to be unfounded.
The University of North Carolina Caries Risk Assessment study: further developments in caries risk prediction*
Authors: Disney Judith A. , Graves Richard C. , Stamm John W. , Bohannan Harry M. , Abernathy James R. , Zack Denis D. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractOver 4000 first and fifth grade children from the areas surrounding Aiken, South Carolina, and Portland, Maine, participated in a 4‐yr study to develop caries risk assessment models. The predictors used at baseline included detailed clinical examinations, salivary microbiological tests, and sociodemographic and dental behavior data. Mean 3‐yr caries increments in South Carolina were twice those in Maine. For the four risk assessment models (two grade cohorts at two sites) specificity values averaged 0.83 and sensitivity values averaged 0.60. Clinical predictors such as prior DMFS, pit and fissure morphology, and predicted caries risk status were the major contributors to the models.
Variation of posterior approximal caries incidence with consumption of sweets with regard to other caries‐related factors in15–18‐year‐olds
Authors: Sundin Birgitta , Granath Lars , Birkhed Dowen 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe aim of this study was lo analyze the relationships between caries incidence and a number of caries‐related factors in 15‐ 18‐yr‐olds, in order to estimate the explanatory value of consumption of sweets under different conditions. Sixty‐nine 18‐yr‐olds were interviewed about consumption of sweets and other sugar‐containing products during the past 3 yr. Data on oral hygiene, salivary counts of mutatis streptococci and lactobacilli. salivary How rate and oral sugar clearance time were collected when the individuals were 15 and 18 yr old. Caries incidence for the 3‐yr period was expressed as a percentage of the number of caries‐free approximal surfaces of premolars and molars at the age of 15. Simple linear correlations between caries incidence and the different variables showed that lactobacilli count ranked first (r = 0.26), sweets second (r = 0.25), and mutans streptococci count third (r = 0.24). The r value for caries incidence and consumption of sweets increased in subgroups with combinations of poor oral hygiene, a high intake of other sugary products and a low salivary flow rate (r = 0.67 0.70). In conclusion, consumption of sweets should still be considered an important caries‐related factor and particularly harmful when oral hygiene is poor and consumption of other sugary products is high.
Caries experience in subjects18–22 years of age after 13 years’discontinued water fluoridation in Okinawa
Authors: Kobayashi Seigo , Kawasaki Koji , Takagi Okiuji , Nakamura Munetou , Fujii Nobuo , Shinzato Mamiko , Maki Yoshinobu , Takaesu Yoshinori 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to compare the stale of teeth in young adults who had consumed fluoridated water from birth to5–8 yr of age with the subjects who had non‐fluoridated water. The sample consisted of 117 18 22‐yr‐old female nursing school students. The data obtained in dental examinations were sorted according to their place of residence, and then divided into groups depending on whether their place of residence had been supplied with fluoridated water or not. The fluoride concentration in the water had been 0.7–1.0 ppm in the six water supply systems which were under the control of the US military base. In the subjects who had fluoridated water, the following differences were found when compared to the control subjects: missing teeth and highly progressed caries occurred less frequently; significantly lower caries prevalence was present on free smooth and approximal surfaces; the overall DMFT differences in favor of the fluoridated subjects were small and non‐significant.
Comparison of the effectiveness of three different methods in detection of changes in gingivitis in the primary dentition
Authors: Tinoco Neyde M. B. , Gjermo Per 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe pattern of distribution and development of gingivitis is different in children and adults. Also the anatomy in the primary dentition is different from that in the permanent dentition. Indices to measure gingival inflammation and changes in this condition have been designed for the permanent dentition and may not necessarily perform adequately in the primary dentition. The purpose of the present study was to assess the association between indices commonly used in adults and to compare their ability to detect changes in gingivitis in children. The correlation between the Gingival Index and percent bleeding units (scores 2 and 3) was r = 0.93, while provoked bleeding from the interdental area correlated only weakly with the two. However, the non‐bleeding papilla index seemed to more effectively detect changes in the gingival condition induced by professional cleaning. Since gingivitis usually is less severe in the primary dentition than in the permanent dentition, it may be of importance to use an index with high sensitivity in studies where effect of interventions is to be evaluated in children.
Puberty‐associated gingivitis
Authors: Tiainen Leena , Asikainen Sirkka , Saxén Leena 
Published: May 2006

AbstractIn a 2‐yr follow‐up study gingival condition was related to oral hygiene and different stages of puberty in SN 14‐yr‐old Finnish schoolchildren. Visible plaque and gingival bleeding after probing were determined from six teeth, at four sites each. Bitewing radiographs were taken from the molar areas. These examinations were repeated 2 yr later. The pubertal stage of the subjects was determined at the age of 14 by the school physician based on the classification of Tanner according to breast development (M) in girls and genital development (G) in boys. All subjects were in the somatic period of puberty at the time of the baseline examination. No radiographically detectable bone loss was found in either of the examinations. “There was no difference in the gingival bleeding tendency at various pubertal stages when all subjects were included or when boys and girls were compared separately. Instead, a highly significant correlation was found between gingival bleeding and visible plaque, both at the baseline and 2 yr later. The results indicate that from the age of 14 to 16 the influence of oral hygiene on the gingival condition may be more important than that of the rising level of steroid hormones.
Prevalence of dental anxiety in an adult population in a major urban area in Sweden
Authors: Hakeberg Magnus , Berggren Ulf , Carlsson Sven G. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe aims of the study were to describe the level of dental anxiety in a representative sample of an adult population, to evaluate different demographic variables in relation to dental anxiety, and to compare two measurement scales of dental anxiety. A random sample of residents (n = 830) of the city of Gothenburg (population 432000) was selected for a telephone survey. The survey comprised different questions concerning demographic variables, dental care habits, and the level of dental anxiety. The methods of measurement of dental anxiety were a 10‐point dental Fear Scale (FS) and the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS). A total of 620 interviews were completed giving a response rate of 74.7%. 41.4% of the respondents were males. 58.6% females. Females were significantly more likely to report a high dental anxiety compared with males. The prevalence of high dental anxiety in the sample as measured by the FS and DAS was 6.7% and 5.4% respectively. The correlation between the FS and DAS was 0.81. The distribution of high dental anxiety and age showed a clearly and significantly higher portion of dental anxiety in the age group 20 39 yr compared to both younger and older groups. The effect of dental anxiety on regularity of dental visits revealed a significant difference as measured by the FS. No significant correlation was found between denial anxiety and educational level or income. A majority of the respondents (82 95%) expressed a desire for establishment of a special dental fear treatment clinic without need for referral.
Assessment of quality of public oral health care on the basis of patient records
Authors: Vehkalahti Miira , Rytömaa Inkeri , Helminen Seppo 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe quality of public oral health care, especially the quality of preventive treatment in relation to patients' oral health, was investigated. The population studied consisted of 367 subjects representing the 15‐yr‐olds living in Helsinki in 1986. Data were taken from the patients’oral health charts, obtained from municipal dental clinics. Clinical examination of the teeth and periodontium had been adequately documented in 98% of cases. In 84% of eases, status recordings matched those recorded previously. Preventive treatment, on the whole, seemed insufficient and stereotyped. Of all patients 55%, and of those in high risk groups only 57≃60% had had a topical application of fluoride at least once during treatment. Periodontal treatment was insufficient and did not correlate with recorded clinical findings. The results indicate that (he concept of prevention and its selective use had not been fully adopted as routine.
Dental needs of the elderly in residential care in Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne and the role of formal carers
Authors: Merelie Denise Lynn , Heyman Bob 
Published: May 2006

AbstractInterviews were carried out on 61 formal carers from 41 residential homes and 379 elderly residents from 35 homes. Formal carers were questioned about their own dental health and arrangements made to maintain the dental health of the residents. Only 46% of carers attended a dentist regularly although the majority knew that teeth and dentures should be examined regularly. Carers arranged most of the dental treatment received by residents. The percentage of residents from each home receiving treatment ranged from 0% to 52%. Residents judged by formal carers to be capable of participation were interviewed and a 40% stratified random sub‐sample was examined. 96% of residents stated that they would only attend a dentist if they were experiencing problems. However, among residents reporting problems (25% of the sample), only a third wished to see a dentist. This proportion rose to half when treatment was offered. The reported barriers to seeking dental treatment included the resident's belief that he or she was coping satisfactorily, transport difficulties and ill health. Denture and oral hygiene were poor and dentures cleaned by staff were no cleaner than those cleaned by residents. A random sample of residents judged by formal carers to be confused were also examined. The condition of their teeth and dentures was similar to that of non‐confused residents.
University of North Carolina Caries Risk Assessment Study: comparisons of High Risk Prediction, Any Risk Prediction, and Any Risk Biologic models
Authors: Beck J. D. , Weintraub J. A. , Disney J. A. , Graves R. C. , Stamm J. W. , Kaste L. M. , Bohannan H. M. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe purpose of this analysis is to compare three different statistical models for predicting children likely to he at risk of developing dental caries over a 3‐yr period. Data are based on 4117 children who participated in the University of North Carolina Caries Risk Assessment Study, a longitudinal study conducted in the Aiken, South Carolina, and Portland. Maine areas. The three models differed with respect to either the types of variables included or the definition of disease outcome. The two “Prediction” models included both risk factor variables thought to cause dental caries and indicator variables that are associated with dental caries, but are not thought to be causal for the disease. The “Etiologic” model included only etiologic factors as variables. A dichotomous outcome measure – none or any 3‐yr increment, was used in the “Any Risk Etiologic model” and the “Any Risk Prediction Model”. Another outcome, based on a gradient measure of disease, was used in the “High Risk Prediction Model”. The variables that are significant in these models vary across grades and sites, but are more consistent among the Etiologic model than the Predictor models. However, among the three sets of models, the Any Risk Prediction Models have the highest sensitivity and positive predictive values, whereas the High Risk Prediction Models have the highest specificity and negative predictive values. Considerations in determining model preference are discussed.
General dental practitioners' evaluation of the need for extraction of asymptomatic mandibular third molars
Authors: Knutsson Kerstin , Brehmer Berndt , Lysell Leif , Rohlin Madeleine 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThirty general dental practitioners were asked to evaluate the need for extraction of asymptomatic mandibular third molars. Thirty‐six mandibular third molars with equal distribution of angular positions, impaction status, males and females and age groups were selected. To estimate the consistency of the evaluation, the 36 cases were duplicated so that, in all, 72 teeth were evaluated. The number of molars proposed to he extracted by the observers varied from 0 to 26, There was no third molar which all observers agreed should be extracted. The two molars which most observers, 25 and 23 of altogether 30 observers, proposed to be extracted were partially covered by soft tissue. The decision not to extract two molars was unanimous. Both of these were completely covered by hone tissue and positioned vertically. The mean overall infra‐observer agreement for the therapeutical decision was 92%, with a range of 69–100%. The length of professional experience of the observer did not influence the evaluation whether or not to extract. We conclude that there is a great variation among general dental practitioners regarding their evaluation on the need for removal of asymptomatic mandibular third molars.
Comparative study of oral health status between Scottish and Japanese schoolchildren aged6–11 years
Authors: Yonemitsu Masami , Sutcliffe Philip 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThis study was carried out to examine and compare the differences in oral health status between Scottish (Fife) and Japanese (Motoyoshi) primary schoolchildren, and also to analyse some factors concerned with the differences found. It was observed that caries experience is higher in Motoyoshi than in Fife, despite Fife schoolchildren having poorer oral cleanliness and consuming snacks more frequently. However, Fife children had more fissure sealants and brushed their teeth more frequently with fluoridated dentifrice than did Motoyoshi children. The sugar content of snacks consumed by Motoyoshi children was higher than that of the Scots. Gingivitis (PMA positive rate) was higher in Fife than in Motoyoshi, and it was also noted that Fife children were less independent than Motoyoshi children in their daily behaviour.
Dental caries experience and prevalence of children afraid of dental treatment
Authors: Bedi Raman , Sutcliffe Philip , Donnan Peter , Barrett Nicola , McConnachie John 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the clinical outcome with regard to dental caries of high self reported dental anxiety in a group of Scottish secondary schoolchildren. 1103 children participated in the study, mean age 14 yr (sd 0.35 yr), and the prevalence of high dental anxiety was 7.1% (95% CI = 5.6%, 8.6%). When these children were compared with their contemporaries their DM FT and all its components were higher but only the mean MT reached statistical significance after adjusting for gender and social class. Children with a high dental anxiety were 62% more likely to have at least I missing tooth due to caries. In addition this group when compared to the rest of the study population, had a significantly lower mean number of teeth fissure scaled and a lower proportion of children with sealants. No similar trend was obvious for children who had a high general Tear. The dentally anxious more accurately perceived their treatment need and were more likely to defer, cancel or not turn up for dental appointments.
Clinical correlates of dental anxiety among older adults
Authors: Locker David , Liddell Andree 
Published: May 2006

AbstractMost studies of the relationship between dental anxiety and oral health status have used subjective rather than clinical indicators of oral health. In this paper we examine differences between older adults who are and are not dentally anxious using a broad range of clinical measures. The data show that dentally anxious individuals were more likely to be edentulous, and among the dentale, had more missing and fewer filled teeth. As a result, dentally anxious dentale subjects were more likely to need prosthodontic treatment. They were also more likely to need immediate treatment for the relief of pain and infection and periodontal care. There was evidence to suggest differences in patterns of dental treatment between those who were and were not dentally anxious and some evidence consistent with the hypothesis that aging influences the relationship between dental anxiety and oral health status.
Caries development after termination ot a fluoride rinsing program
Authors: Heidmann J. , Poulsen S. , Arnbjerg D. , Kirkegaard E. , Laurberg L. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractIn a municipality near Copenhagen, Denmark, where fortnightly fluoride rinses with 0.2% neutral sodium fluoride had been performed for more than a decade, 1306 children from kindergarten through 6th grade were stratified by school and grade and randomly distributed into two groups. One group continued the fluoride rinses, the other group had the fluoride solution replaced with distilled water. Both solutions were slightly flavored. 1083 children completed the 3‐yr trial. Caries was recorded clinically by the dentists in the municipal dental service using the diagnostic criteria for the Child Dental Health Services, and on bitewing radiographs by one of the authors applying the criteria developed by Grøundahl. et al. Permanent molars and premolars were included in the study. Clinically, caries increment in the two groups was the same with pits and fissures containing 94% of the DMFS. According to the radiographs, caries progression in the water group was higher than in the fluoride group. This difference was statistically significant for the surfaces erupting during the study (P <0.05).
Dental health behavior in fathers of young families in Finland
Authors: Hyssälä Liisa , Oikarinen Kyösti , Rautava Päivi , Paunio Päivi , Sillanpää Matti 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine dental health behavior in young fathers by means of a questionnaire for subjective evaluation of dental status, frequency of caries and visits to the dentist. Cariogenic diet was estimated by the consumption of sweets, confectionery and soft drinks. The participation rate 18 months after the birth of the family's first child was 73.1%. The mean age of the respondents was 28.1 yr (range 17–49; SD 4.6). When background factors were considered, it was observed that cariogenic diet was more often mentioned by participants from the lower social groups. The standard of the wife's knowledge level was an important indicator of dental care behavior in the fathers. If the wife's knowledge level was high, the father assessed the future condition of his child's teeth as good.
Validity of a patient self‐completed health questionnaire in a primary care dental practice
Authors: Fenlon Michael R. , McCartan Bernard E. 
Published: May 2006

Abstract1500 patient medical histories derived from self‐completed health questionnaires alone and from a combination of questionnaire, structured interview by a dentist, and selective reference to family doctors were compared. In 4.25% of cases, the questionnaire medical history was significantly deficient. Such questionnaires yield an inadequate medical history when used on their own.
Prevalence of non‐cavitated and cavitated carious lesions in a random sample of 7‐9‐year‐old schoolchildren in Montreal, Quebec
Authors: Ismail Amis I. , Brodeur Jean‐Marc , Gagnon Pierre , Payette Martin , Picard Daniel , Hamalian Talia , Olivier Marie , Eastwood Brian J. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThis report describes the prevalence of non‐cavitated and cavitated carious lesions in 911 randomly selected children in grades one through three on the Island of Montreal. Quebec, Canada. The criteria for diagnosis were developed for a longitudinal epidemiological study of restorative treatment decisions by dentists practising under a provincial dental insurance program for children. The intra‐ and inter‐examiner reliability correlation coefficients of the two examiners were excellent (Kappa 0.80). The most frequent carious lesion found in the examined children were non‐cavitated carious lesions (incipient) within 1.5 of the gingival line on smooth tooth surfaces, and stained or non‐cavitated carious lesions on pits and fissures. Out of 911 children in the study, 19.6% had sealants. Children whose parents completed a university education had a significantly lower prevalence of non‐cavitated and cavitated carious lesions and fillings, and a significantly higher mean number of sealants than children whose parents had only primary school education. Education status of the parents was a significant risk marker of children with high caries experience and these children had a significantly higher mean number of non‐cavitated carious lesions. This study has found that non‐cavitaled carious lesions arc significantly more prevalent than cavitated carious lesions in children.
Risk indicators and potential risk factors for caries in 5‐year‐olds of different ethnic groups in Amsterdam
Authors: Verrips G. H. , Frencken J. E. , Kalsbeek H. , ter Horst G. , Filedt Kok‐Weimar T. L. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe aim of this study was threefold: first, to assess the oral health of Turkish. Moroccan. Surinamese, Dutch and “other” 5‐yr‐old children living in Amsterdam; second, to identify risk indicators for caries, in addition to ethnicity: and third, to identify potential risk factors related to differences in caries experience in these children. Results showed the mean dmfs scores of Turkish and Moroccan children to be much higher than that of the Dutch and Surinamese children; 8.1 and 8.2 versus 3.6 and 3.4, respectively. The educational level of the parents and the gender of the children were important risk indicators, in addition lo ethnicity. The age of the child at which the parents had started lo brush their child's teeth, the use of fluoride tablets and the regularity of the brushing behavior in the past could be identified as potential risk factors.