bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antihypertensive drug class and impaired fasting glucose: a risk association study among Chinese patients with uncomplicated hypertension
Authors: Wong Martin CS , Jiang Johnny Y , Fung H , Griffiths Sian , Mercer Stewart 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBackgroundThere is a scarcity of studies addressing the factors associated with impaired fasting glucose in Chinese patients with uncomplicated hypertension. We included 1,218 patients newly prescribed a single antihypertensive drug in the public primary healthcare setting in Hong Kong, where their fasting glucose levels were measured 6–7 weeks after the first-ever antihypertensive prescription.MethodsThe odds ratios of having above borderline (≥ 6.1 mmol/l) and adverse (≥ 7.0 mmol/l) glucose levels, respectively, were studied according to patient age, gender, socioeconomic status, clinic types and antihypertensive drug classes by multivariable regression analyses.ResultsThe fasting glucose levels were statistically similar (p = 0.786) among patients prescribed thiazide diuretics (5.48 mmol/l, 95%, 5.38, 5.59), calcium channel blockers (5.46 mmol/l, 95% C.I. 5.37, 5.54), β-blockers (5.42 mmol/l, 95% C.I. 5.34, 5.51) and drugs acting on the renin angiotensin system (RAS) [5.41 mmol/l, 95% C.I. 5.20, 5.61]. Multivariate analyses reported no significant associations between antihypertensive drug class and impaired fasting glucose. Elderly patients and male gender were significantly more likely to present with above borderline and adverse readings respectively.ConclusionClinicians should be aware of the increased risk of impaired fasting glucose in these groups, and use of thiazides should not in itself deter its use as a first-line antihypertensive agent among ethnic Chinese patients.
Sevoflurane requirement during elective ankle day surgery: the effects of etirocoxib premedication, a prospective randomised study
Authors: Turan Ibrahim , Hein Anette , Jacobson Eva , Jakobsson Jan G 
Published: September 2008

Abstract

Background
Anti-inflammatory drugs, NSAIDs, have become an important part of the pain management in day surgery. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Coxib premedication on the intra-operative anaesthetic requirements in patients undergoing elective ankle surgery in general anaesthesia.

Type of study
Prospective, randomized study of the intra-operative anaesthetic-sparing effects of etoricoxib premedication as compared to no NSAID preoperatively.

Methods
The intra-operative requirement of sevoflurane was studied in forty-four ASA 1–2 patients undergoing elective ankle day surgical in balanced general anaesthesia.
Primary study endpoint was end-tidal sevoflurane concentration to maintain Cerebral State Index of 40 – 50 during surgery.

Results
All anaesthesia and surgery was uneventful, no complications or adverse events were noticed. The mean end-tidal sevoflurane concentration intra-operatively was 1.25 (SD 0.2) and 0.91 (SD 0.2) for the pre and post-operative administered group of patients respectively (p < 0.0001). No other intra-operative differences could be noted. Emergence and recovery was rapid and no difference was noticed in time to discharge-eligible mean 52 minutes in both groups studied. In all 6 patients, 5 in the group receiving etoricoxib post-operatively, after surgery, and one in the pre-operative group required rescue analgesia before discharge from hospital. No difference was seen in pain or need for rescue analgesia, nausea or patients satisfaction during the first 24 postoperative hours.

Conclusion
Coxib premedication before elective day surgery has an anaesthetic sparing potential.
Expressing exogenous functional odorant receptors in cultured olfactory sensory neurons
Authors: Chen Huaiyang , Dadsetan Sepehr , Fomina Alla F , Gong Qizhi 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Background
Olfactory discrimination depends on the large numbers of odorant receptor genes and differential ligand-receptor signaling among neurons expressing different receptors. In this study, we describe an in vitro system that enables the expression of exogenous odorant receptors in cultured olfactory sensory neurons. Olfactory sensory neurons in the culture express characteristic signaling molecules and, therefore, provide a system to study receptor function within its intrinsic cellular environment.

Results
We demonstrate that cultured olfactory sensory neurons express endogenous odorant receptors. Lentiviral vector-mediated gene transfer enables successful ectopic expression of odorant receptors. We show that the ectopically expressed mouse I7 is functional in the cultured olfactory sensory neurons. When two different odorant receptors are ectopically expressed simultaneously, both receptor proteins co-localized in the same olfactory sensory neurons up to 10 days in vitro.

Conclusion
This culture technique provided an efficient method to culture olfactory sensory neurons whose morphology, molecular characteristics and maturation progression resembled those observed in vivo. Using this system, regulation of odorant receptor expression and its ligand specificity can be studied in its intrinsic cellular environment.
Genital and cutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) types in relation to conjunctival squamous cell neoplasia: A case-control study in Uganda
Authors: de Koning Maurits NC , Waddell Keith , Magyezi Joseph , Purdie Karin , Proby Charlotte , Harwood Catherine , Lucas Sebastian , Downing Robert , Quint Wim GV , Newton Robert 
Published: September 2008

Abstract

Background
We investigated the role of infection with genital and cutaneous human papillomavirus types (HPV) in the aetiology of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (which includes both conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and carcinoma) using data and biological material collected as part of a case-control study in Uganda.

Results
Among 81 cases, the prevalence of genital and cutaneous HPV types in tumour tissue did not differ significantly by histological grade of the lesion. The prevalence of genital HPV types did not differ significantly between cases and controls (both 38%; Odds ratio [OR] 1.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.4–2.7, p = 1.0). The prevalence of cutaneous HPV types was 22% (18/81) among cases and 3% (1/29) among controls (OR 8.0, 95% CI 1.0–169, p = 0.04).

Conclusion
We find no evidence of an association between genital HPV types and ocular surface squamous neoplasia. The prevalence of cutaneous HPV was significantly higher among cases as compared to controls. Although consistent with results from two other case-control studies, the relatively low prevalence of cutaneous HPV types among cases (which does not differ by histological grade of tumour) indicates that there remains considerable uncertainty about a role for cutaneous HPV in the aetiology of this tumour.
Transcriptomic signature of Bexarotene (Rexinoid LGD1069) on mammary gland from three transgenic mouse mammary cancer models
Authors: Abba Martin C , Hu Yuhui , Levy Carla C , Gaddis Sally , Kittrell Frances S , Zhang Yun , Hill Jamal , Bissonnette Reid P , Medina Daniel , Brown Powel H , Aldaz C Marcelo 
Published: September 2008

Abstract

Background
The rexinoid bexarotene (LGD1069, Targretin) is a highly selective retinoid × receptor (RXR) agonist that inhibits the growth of pre-malignant and malignant breast cells. Bexarotene was shown to suppress the development of breast cancer in transgenic mice models without side effects. The chemopreventive effects of bexarotene are due to transcriptional modulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Our goal in the present study was to obtain a profile of the genes modulated by bexarotene on mammary gland from three transgenic mouse mammary cancer models in an effort to elucidate its molecular mechanism of action and for the identification of biomarkers of effectiveness.

Methods
Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) was employed to profile the transcriptome of p53-null, MMTV-ErbB2, and C3(1)-SV40 mammary cells obtained from mice treated with bexarotene and their corresponding controls.

Results
This resulted in a dataset of approximately 360,000 transcript tags representing over 20,000 mRNAs from a total of 6 different SAGE libraries. Analysis of gene expression changes induced by bexarotene in mammary gland revealed that 89 genes were dysregulated among the three transgenic mouse mammary models. From these, 9 genes were common to the three models studied.

Conclusion
Analysis of the indicated core of transcripts and protein-protein interactions of this commonly modulated genes indicate two functional modules significantly affected by rexinoid bexarotene related to protein biosynthesis and bioenergetics signatures, in addition to the targeting of cancer-causing genes related with cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis.
Threshold for detection of diabetic peripheral sensory neuropathy using a range of research grade monofilaments in persons with Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Thomson Mary P , Potter Julia , Finch Paul M , Paisey Richard B 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAimsTo identify the threshold of reduced sensory perception in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM) using a range of research grade monofilaments.MethodsThree groups of participants were recruited into a between subject, cross‐sectional study. Group 1(NEW), persons with Type 2 DM diagnosed for less than 2 years (n = 80); Group 2 (EST) persons with Type 2 DM diagnosed for more than 2 years (n = 91), and Group 3, a Comparison group without Type 2 DM (n = 73), resulted in a total study population, n = 244. Research grade monofilaments (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10‐gram) were employed using standardised protocol, at 6 sites on the plantar aspect of both feet. The demographic and anthropometric measures of gender, age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and duration of Type 2 DM since diagnosis (if applicable) of the participants were analysed.ResultsPerception of the research grade monofilaments differed significantly between the 3 groups (p < 0.05). The 6‐gram monofilament was found to be the threshold of normal perception, based on 90% of the Comparison group perceiving the 6‐gram monofilament at all sites in contrast to 64% of NEW and 48% of EST groups.ConclusionThe 6‐gram monofilament was identified as the threshold of normal sensory perception. Inability to perceive the 6‐gram monofilament indicates, when using the method described in this study, that diminution of sensory perception is evident. Employing a range of monofilaments, 6, 8 and 10‐grams in Type 2 DM foot screening would allow the clinical detection of deteriorating sensory perception and enable implementation of foot protection strategies at an earlier stage than is currently practised.
Use of T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the optic nerve sheath to detect raised intracranial pressure
Authors: Geeraerts Thomas , Newcombe Virginia FJ , Coles Jonathan P , Abate Maria Giulia , Perkes Iain E , Hutchinson Peter JA , Outtrim Jo G , Chatfield Dot A , Menon David K 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Introduction
The dural sheath surrounding the optic nerve communicates with the subarachnoid space, and distends when intracranial pressure is elevated. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often performed in patients at risk for raised intracranial pressure (ICP) and can be used to measure precisely the diameter of optic nerve and its sheath. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), as measured using MRI, and ICP.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective blinded analysis of brain MRI images in a prospective cohort of 38 patients requiring ICP monitoring after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), and in 36 healthy volunteers. ONSD was measured on T2-weighted turbo spin-echo fat-suppressed sequence obtained at 3 Tesla MRI. ICP was measured invasively during the MRI scan via a parenchymal sensor in the TBI patients.

Results
Measurement of ONSD was possible in 95% of cases. The ONSD was significantly greater in TBI patients with raised ICP (>20 mmHg; 6.31 ± 0.50 mm, 19 measures) than in those with ICP of 20 mmHg or less (5.29 ± 0.48 mm, 26 measures; P < 0.0001) or in healthy volunteers (5.08 ± 0.52 mm; P < 0.0001). There was a significant relationship between ONSD and ICP (r = 0.71, P < 0.0001). Enlarged ONSD was a robust predictor of raised ICP (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.94), with a best cut-off of 5.82 mm, corresponding to a negative predictive value of 92%, and to a value of 100% when ONSD was less than 5.30 mm.

Conclusions
When brain MRI is indicated, ONSD measurement on images obtained using routine sequences can provide a quantitative estimate of the likelihood of significant intracranial hypertension.
Partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide successful predicts cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the field: a prospective observational study
Authors: Kolar Miran , Križmarić Miljenko , Klemen Petra , Grmec Štefek 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Introduction
Prognosis in patients suffering out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is poor. Higher survival rates have been observed only in patients with ventricular fibrillation who were fortunate enough to have basic and advanced life support initiated soon after cardiac arrest. An ability to predict cardiac arrest outcomes would be useful for resuscitation. Changes in expired end-tidal carbon dioxide levels during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may be a useful, noninvasive predictor of successful resuscitation and survival from cardiac arrest, and could help in determining when to cease CPR efforts.

Methods
This is a prospective, observational study of 737 cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The patients were intubated and measurements of end-tidal carbon dioxide taken. Data according to the Utstein criteria, demographic information, medical data, and partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PetCO2) values were collected for each patient in cardiac arrest by the emergency physician. We hypothesized that an end-tidal carbon dioxide level of 1.9 kPa (14.3 mmHg) or more after 20 minutes of standard advanced cardiac life support would predict restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).

Results
PetCO2 after 20 minutes of advanced life support averaged 0.92 ± 0.29 kPa (6.9 ± 2.2 mmHg) in patients who did not have ROSC and 4.36 ± 1.11 kPa (32.8 ± 9.1 mmHg) in those who did (P < 0.001). End-tidal carbon dioxide values of 1.9 kPa (14.3 mmHg) or less discriminated between the 402 patients with ROSC and 335 patients without. When a 20-minute end-tidal carbon dioxide value of 1.9 kPa (14.3 mmHg) or less was used as a screening test to predict ROSC, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were all 100%.

Conclusions
End-tidal carbon dioxide levels of more than 1.9 kPa (14.3 mmHg) after 20 minutes may be used to predict ROSC with accuracy. End-tidal carbon dioxide levels should be monitored during CPR and considered a useful prognostic value for determining the outcome of resuscitative efforts and when to cease CPR in the field.
Antibacterial Quinone Metabolites from the Brown Alga, Sargassum sagamianum
Authors: Horie Shohei , Tsutsumi Shinsuke , Takada Yuuki , Kimura Junji 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Antibacterial sargaquinoic acid derivatives were isolated from the brown alga Sargassum sagamianum. The structures of these quinone metabolites were confirmed by NMR and mass spectroscopy, and by comparison with published data. The relationship between their structures and antibacterial activities are briefly discussed.
Chemistry of Anthracene–Acetylene Oligomers. X. Synthesis, Structures, and Properties of 1,8-Anthrylene–Alkynylene Cyclic Trimers
Authors: Toyota Shinji , Miyahara Hiroaki , Goichi Michio , Wakamatsu Kan , Iwanaga Tetsuo 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Two types of 1,8-anthrylene cyclic trimers with acetylene and diacetylene linkers were synthesized by macrocyclization of the acyclic precursors with Eglinton coupling as examples of the smallest analogues with an odd number of anthracene units. The X-ray analysis and DFT calculations revealed the nonplanar and strained cyclic structures of C2 and Cs symmetries for the compound with three diacetylene linkers and that with one diacetylene and two acetylene linkers, respectively, with significant bending deformations of acetylene carbons and anthracene moieties. The dynamic behavior of these cyclic compounds was analyzed by VT NMR measurements with the aid of DFT calculations. The NMR chemical shifts and the electronic spectra of the trimers are compared with those of the tetramers and dimers in terms of the orientation of anthracene units and the molecular strains.
Catalytic Nucleophilic Addition Reaction to (2-Furyl)carbene Intermediates Generated from Carbonyl–Ene–Ynes
Authors: Miki Koji , Kato Yumiko , Uemura Sakae , Ohe Kouichi 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Rhodium- and chromium-catalyzed addition reactions of various σ-bonds, such as C–H, N–H, O–H, Si–H, and S–H bonds, to (2-furyl)carbenoids in situ generated from conjugated carbonyl–ene–yne compounds having electron-withdrawing groups on an alkyne terminus are described. 2-Alkoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran was obtained from the chromium-catalyzed addition reaction of an alcohol with the (2-furyl)carbene chromium intermediates in a conjugate manner.
On the geometry of Grassmannian equivalent connections
Authors: Manno Gianni 
Published: September 2008

AbstractWe study the geometry ofn-Grassmannian equivalent connections, that is linear connections without torsion admitting the same equation ofn-dimensional totally geodesic submanifolds. We introduce then-Grassmannian structure as a distinguished distribution on the Grassmann bundle, and then compute then-Grassmannian invariants, recovering forn= 1 the projective invariants of Thomas.
Relating the curvature tensor and the complex Jacobi operator of an almost Hermitian manifold
Authors: Brozos-Vázquez M. , García-Río E. , Gilkey P. 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Let J be a unitary almost complex structure on a Riemannian manifold (M, g). If x is a unit tangent vector, let π := Span{x, Jx} be the associated complex line in the tangent bundle of M. The complex Jacobi operator and the complex curvature operators are defined, respectively, by and . We show that if (M, g) is Hermitian or if (M, g) is nearly Kähler, then either the complex Jacobi operator or the complex curvature operator completely determine the full curvature operator; this generalizes a well known result in the real setting to the complex setting. We also show that this result fails for general almost Hermitian manifolds.
A characterization of m-ovoids and i-tight sets of polar spaces
Authors: De Bruyn Bart 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Let P be a finite polar space of rank r ≥ 2 with q + 1 ≥ 3 points on each line. In [J. Bamberg, S. Kelly, M. Law, T. Penttila, Tight sets and m-ovoids of finite polar spaces. J. Combin. Theory Ser. A
114 (2007), 1293–1314. MR2353124] and [J. Bamberg, M. Law, T. Penttilla, Tight sets and m-ovoids of generalised quadrangles. Combinatorica, to appear.] it was shown that every m-ovoid of P intersects every i-tight set of P in precisely mi points. In the present paper, we characterize m-ovoids of P as those sets of points which have constant intersection size with each member of a “nice family” of i-tight sets of P and conversely, we characterize i-tight sets of P as those sets of points which have constant intersection size with each member of a “nice family” of m-ovoids. Some interesting corollaries of these characterization theorems are given.
Nonrational del Pezzo fibrations
Authors: Cheltsov Ivan 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Let X be a general divisor in |3M + nL| on the rational scroll Proj where di
and n are integers, M is the tautological line bundle, L is a fibre of the natural projection to ℙ1, and d
1

d4
= 0. We prove that X is rational
d
1 = 0 and n = 1.
Sphingolipid management by an orchestra of lipid transfer proteins
Authors: Neumann Sylvia , van Meer Gerrit 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
The various membranes in eukaryotic cells have unique lipid compositions. Despite important discoveries in lipid research over recent decades, the basic principles by which cells define their membrane compositions are essentially unknown. Cells must sense the concentration of each lipid, integrate such signals and regulate the activity of their metabolic enzymes and transport routes to dynamically meet their needs in terms of membrane composition. Sphingolipids constitute a lipid category that is essential for eukaryotic life and appears to be key to differences in lipid composition. Here we discuss recent findings that assign an important role to lipid transfer proteins in the regulation of sphingolipid metabolism, organization and function.
Relevance of the amino acid conversions L144R (Zaragoza) and L159P (Zavalla) in the apolipoprotein A-I binding site for haptoglobin
Authors: Cigliano Luisa , D'Andrea Luca D. , Maresca Bernardetta , Serino Milena , Carlucci Alessandro , Salvatore Alfonso , Spagnuolo Maria Stefania , Scigliuolo Graziana , Pedone Carlo , Abrescia Paolo 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
The high-density lipoprotein apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) stimulates the enzyme lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) in the reverse cholesterol transport pathway. Two ApoA-I variants, Zaragoza (L144R) and Zavalla (L159P), are associated with low levels of HDL-cholesterol but normal LCAT activity. Haptoglobin interacts with ApoA-I, impairing LCAT stimulation. Synthetic peptides matching the haptoglobin-binding site of native or variant ApoA-I (native, P2a; variants, Zav-pep and Zar-pep) bound haptoglobin with different activity: Zar-pep>P2a>Zav-pep. They also differently rescued LCAT in vitro activity in the presence of haptoglobin (P2a=Zar-pep>Zav-pep). Therefore, both amino acid conversions affect haptoglobin binding and LCAT regulation. We highlight the role of haptoglobin in LCAT regulation in subjects with ApoA-I variants.
Immunohistochemical evidence of ubiquitous distribution of the metalloendoprotease insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE; insulysin) in human non-malignant tissues and tumor cell lines
Authors: Weirich Gregor , Mengele Karin , Yfanti Christina , Gkazepis Apostolos , Hellmann Daniela , Welk Anita , Giersig Cecylia , Kuo Wen-Liang , Rosner Marsha Rich , Tang Wei-Jen , Schmitt Manfred 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Immunohistochemical evidence of ubiquitous distribution of the metalloprotease insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE; insulysin) in human non-malignant tissues and tumor cells is presented. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on a multi-organ tissue microarray (pancreas, lung, kidney, central/peripheral nervous system, liver, breast, placenta, myocardium, striated muscle, bone marrow, thymus, and spleen) and on a cell microarray of 31 tumor cell lines of different origin, as well as trophoblast cells and normal blood lymphocytes and granulocytes. IDE protein was expressed in all the tissues assessed and all the tumor cell lines except for Raji and HL-60. Trophoblast cells and granulocytes, but not normal lymphocytes, were also IDE-positive.