bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipid signaling changes in smooth muscle remodeling associated with partial urinary bladder outlet obstruction
Authors: LaBelle Edward , Zderic Stephen , Delaney Daniel , Hypolite Joseph , Wein Alan , Chacko Samuel 
Published: January 2006

AbstractAimsHypertrophy of the urinary bladder smooth muscle (detrusor) is associated with partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO). Hypertrophied detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) reveals altered contractile characteristics. In this study, we analyzed the lipid‐dependent signaling system that includes phospholipase A2in PBOO‐induced DSM remodeling and hypertrophy to determine whether the release of arachidonic acid (AA) from phospholipid is altered in the detrusor.MethodsPartial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO) was produced by partial ligation of the urethra in New Zealand white rabbits. Two weeks after the surgery, the bladder function was studied by keeping the rabbits in metabolic cages for 24 hr. Bladders were removed from rabbits that had bladder dysfunction (increased urinary frequency and decreased void volume) and the DSM separated from mucosa and serosa. The isolated smooth muscle was incubated with [3H] AA to equilibrate the cytoplasmic AA. The level of AA release was compared with the level obtained with 2‐week sham‐operated rabbits.ResultsThe rate of AA release was high in DSM from bladders with PBOO‐induced hypertrophy. Carbachol stimulated AA release in control DSM but DSM from obstructed rabbits revealed no further increase from the elevated basal AA release. The half‐maximal concentration of carbachol that was required to stimulate AA release from control samples of detrusor was 35 µM.ConclusionsThe increased levels of AA release that are observed in this tissue after PBOO indicate the activation of phospholipase A2. The finding that carbachol could induce contraction, but not an increase in AA, indicates that the carbachol‐induced contraction in the obstructed bladders is independent of lipid signaling pathways that involve AA. It is possible that the increased rate of arachidonic acid release from obstructed bladders correlates with the enhanced rates of prostaglandin production reported by other investigators from the same tissue. Neurourol. Urodynam. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Analysis of biologic surrogate markers from a Children's Oncology Group Phase I trial of gefitinib in pediatric patients with solid tumors
Authors: Jimeno Antonio , Daw Najat C. , Amador Maria L. , Cusatis George , Kulesza Peter , Krailo Mark , Ingle Ashish M. , Blaney Susan M. , Adamson Peter , Hidalgo Manuel 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThis trial evaluated the effect of gefitinib on the plasma circulating levels of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)‐2 and ‐9 of patients treated on a pediatric Phase I trial. Complete plasma correlative studies were obtained from 16 of the 25 enrolled patients. There was a trend for lower MMP‐2 baseline levels in patients with partial response or stable disease. The Ewing sarcoma from the only patient with partial response lacked egfr mutations. Gefitinib did not induce any significant variation in the levels of the assessed parameters, and none of these determinations showed significant predictive or prognostic value. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007;49:352–357. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The outcome of children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) post‐allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) is not improved by the addition of etoposide to the conditioning regimen
Authors: Ayas Mouhab , Al‐Seraihi Amal , Al‐Mahr Mohamad , Al‐Jefri Abdullah , Belgaumi Assim , Elhassan Ibrahim , El‐Solh Hassan 
Published: January 2006

AbstractBackgroundRelapse remains a concern for children with AML undergoing allogeneic SCT, so in an effort to reduce the risk of relapse in these patients, we intensified our pre‐SCT preparation by adding etoposide to the standard busulfan and cyclophosphamide regimen.ProcedureWe retrospectively analyzed the collected data and compared the two groups; Group A (n = 18) included patients who received busulfan 16 mg/kg plus cyclophosphamide 200 mg/kg (Bu/Cy), and Group B (n = 48) included patients who received busulfan 12 mg/kg, cyclophosphamide 90 mg/kg in addition to etoposide 60 mg/kg (Bu/Cy/VP). The patients' characteristics were similar in the two groups.ResultsNo significant difference in the overall outcome was noted; the 5‐year overall survival was 50% and 53.3% for Groups A and B, respectively (P = 0.9). Similarly, the 5‐year probability of relapse was 64.1% and 46.1% for Groups A and B, respectively (P = 0.38). The use of etoposide was not associated with increased toxicity.ConclusionThe addition of etoposide to the Bu/Cy regimen was well tolerated, but did not appear to improve the outcome. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The proteomic analysis of an adipocyte differentiated from human mesenchymal stem cells using two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis
Authors: Lee Hyun‐Kyung , Lee Byung‐Hyo , Park Seung‐Ah , Kim Chan‐Wha 
Published: January 2006

AbstractAdipose tissues play a crucial endocrine role in the control of whole body glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. Considering the current substantial rise in obesity and obesity‐related diseases, including diabetes, it is important to understand the molecular basis of adipocyte differentiation and its control. In this study, we have analyzed the protein expression inherent to adipogenic differentiation, by 2‐DE, MALDI‐TOF, and RT‐PCR. This study focused on proteins that were differentially expressed by the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to adipocytes. We conducted 2‐DE for each set of proteins in the cytosol of adipocytes that had differentiated from hMSC, in a pH range from 3–10. Thirty‐two protein spots were shown to have different expression levels. Among these, eight up‐regulated proteins were identified by MALDI‐TOF/MS, as the following: syntaxin binding protein 3, OSBP‐related protein 3, phosphodiesterase, glycophorin, immunoglobulin kappa chain variable region, peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma (PPAR‐γ), bA528A10.3.1 (novel protein similar to KIAA01616, isoform 1), and T cell receptor V‐β 4. Four proteins: syntaxin‐3, OSBP‐related protein 3, PPAR‐γ and glycophorin were associated with adipogenesis.
Proteomic analysis of heterotrophy in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Authors: Kurian Dominic , Jansèn Tove , Mäenpää Pirkko 
Published: January 2006

AbstractTo provide an insight into the heterotrophic metabolism of cyanobacteria, a proteomic approach has been employed with the model organism Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. The soluble proteins from Synechocystis grown under photoautotrophic and light‐activated heterotrophic conditions were separated by 2‐DE and identified by MALDI‐MS or LC‐MS/MS analysis. 2‐DE gels made using narrow‐ and micro‐range IPG strips allowed quantitative comparison of more than 900 spots. Out of 67 abundant protein spots identified, 13 spots were increased and 9 decreased under heterotrophy, representing all the major fold changes. Proteomic alterations and activity levels of selected enzymes indicate a shift in the central carbon metabolism in response to trophic change. The significant reduction in light‐saturated rate of photosynthesis as well as in the expression levels of rubisco and CO2‐concentrating mechanism proteins under heterotrophy indicates the down‐regulation of the photosynthetic machinery. Alterations in the expression level of proteins involved in carbon utilization pathways refer to enhanced glycolysis, oxidative pentose phosphate pathway as well as tricarboxylic acid cycle under heterotrophy. Proteomic evidences also suggest an enhanced biosynthesis of amino acids such as histidine and serine during heterotrophic growth.
Tumor‐related immunity in prostate cancer patients treated with human recombinant granulocyte monocyte‐colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF)
Authors: Schwaab Thomas , Tretter Christopher P.G. , Gibson Jennifer J. , Cole Bernard F. , Schned Alan R. , Harris Robert , Fisher Jan L. , Crosby Nancy , Stempkowski Laura M. , Heaney John A. , Ernstoff Marc S. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDGranulocyte monocyte‐colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) supports the survival, expansion, and differentiation of lymphoid and myeloid derived dendritic cells (DCs). We hypothesized that systemic therapy with GM‐CSF in prostate cancer patients could augment prostate cancer‐related immunity and induce clinical response.METHODSEligible patients were randomly assigned to receive either 125 or 250 µg/m2 GM‐CSF subcutaneously three times a week until clinical progression. Prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) T cell precursor frequencies were determined by a flow cytometric method.RESULTSWe were able to show, for the first time, a statistically significant correlation between pre‐treatment PSA level and PSA‐specific CD4+ T cell precursors and a trend between pre‐treatment PSA level and PSA‐specific CD8+ T cell precursors (P <0.0001 and P = 0.059, respectively).CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that existent immunity to PSA in prostate cancer patients may be a promising target for future immunotherapeutic approaches to prostate cancer. Prostate 66:667–674, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differentiation‐dependent expression of hypothetical proteins in the neuroblastoma cell line N1E‐115
Authors: Oh Ji‐eun , Karlmark Karlin Raja , Shin Jooho , Hengstschläger Markus , Lubec Gert 
Published: January 2006

AbstractSeveral protein cascades, including signaling, cytoskeletal, chaperones, metabolic, and antioxidant proteins, have been shown to be involved in the process of neuronal differentiation (ND) of neuroblastoma cell lines. No systematic approach to detect hitherto unknown and unnamed proteins or structures that have been predicted upon nucleic acid sequences in ND has been published so far. We therefore decided to screen hypothetical protein (HP) expression by protein profiling. Two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis with subsequent matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF/TOF) identification was used for expression analysis of undifferentiated and dimethylsulfoxide‐induced neuronally differentiated N1E‐115 cells. We unambiguously identified six HPs: Q8C520, Q99LF4, Q9CXS1, Q9DAF8, Q91WT0, and Q8C5G2. A prefoldin domain in Q91WT0, a t‐SNARE domain in Q9CXS1, and a bromodomain were observed in Q8C5G2. For the three remaining proteins, no putative function using Pfam, BLOCKS, PROSITE, PRINTS, InterPro, Superfamily, CoPS, and ExPASy could be assigned. While two proteins were present in both cell lines, Q9CXS1 was switched off (i.e., undetectably low) in differentiated cells only, and Q9DAF8, Q91WT0, and Q8C5G2 were switched on in differentiated cells exclusively. Herein, using a proteomic approach suitable for screening and identification of HP, we present HP structures that have been only predicted so far based upon nucleic acid sequences. The four differentially regulated HPs may play a putative role in the process of ND. Proteins 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Single Center Review of Femoral Arteriovenous Grafts for Hemodialysis
Authors: Englesbe Michael J. , Al‐Holou Wajd N. , Moyer Alice T. , Robbins Jessica , Pelletier Shawn J. , Magee John , Sung Randall S. , Campbell Darrell , Punch Jeffery D. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractIntroductionIt is unclear how to manage high risk hemodialysis patients who present with an indwelling catheter. The National Kidney Foundation Practice Guidelines urge prompt removal of the catheter, but the guidelines do not specifically address the problem of patients whose only option is a femoral arteriovenous (AV) graft.MethodsThis study was a retrospective review of all patients who underwent femoral AV graft placement for hemodialysis access between January 1, 1996 and January 1, 2003 at the University of Michigan Health System (UMHS). Graft patency is reported according to the standards developed by the Society of Vascular Surgery and the American Association of Vascular Surgeons.ResultsThirty patients were identified who had undergone femoral AV graft placement. The mean follow‐up was 23 months (range 1–75 months). The patients had had significant medical co‐morbidities and multiple previous access operations (mean 3; interquartile range 1–5). The 1‐year secondary graft patency rate was 41%, the 2‐year rate was 26%, and the 3‐year rate was 21%. Infection was the cause of final graft loss in eight patients (50% of the grafts losses, 27% of the total grafts placed.) Among those who died (n = 14), the mean time from femoral graft placement to death was 31.2 ± 27.5 months. The patient survival was quite low: at 1 year 81%, at 2 years 68%, and at 3 years 54%.ConclusionsThese complex patients who have exhausted their upper extremity hemodialysis options do poorly following femoral AV graft placement. Consideration should be given to long‐term catheter‐based access in some of these patients.
Outcome and Treatment Strategy for Mid‐ and Lower‐Thoracic Esophageal Cancer Recurring Locally in the Lymph Nodes of the Neck
Authors: Motoyama Satoru , Kitamura Michihiko , Saito Reijiro , Maruyama Kiyotomi , Okuyama Manabu , Ogawa Jun‐ichi 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to assess the outcome of treatment for patients with recurrent mid‐ and lower‐thoracic esophageal cancers in whom recurrence was localized to the lymph nodes of the neck, and to determine the best strategy for further treatment. Between 1989 and 2001, 270 patients with mid‐ and lower‐thoracic esophageal cancer underwent curative esophagectomy; 90 of those patients had a cancer recurrence. Our focus was on lymph node recurrence, especially when the recurrent cancers were localized to the lymph nodes in the neck. The outcomes of those patients and the efficacy of the strategies used to treat the recurrent cancers were determined. In 43 patients (48%), recurrent cancer initially appeared in the lymph nodes. Among the 43 patients, 15 (35%) had localized neck recurrence. The time between tumor recurrence and death among the 15 patients with localized neck recurrence was significantly longer than among the 28 patients with other recurrence patterns. In addition, 15 patients underwent lymph node resection, while 28 patients were treated non‐surgically. The time between tumor recurrence and death was significantly longer in patients treated surgically. Of the 15 patients in whom recurrence affected the neck lymph nodes only, 10 (67%) were treated surgically; their 2‐year survival rate after recurrence was 45%. The outcomes of recurrent esophageal cancers localized to the lymph nodes of the neck were better than those seen with other recurrence patterns, and salvage resection followed by chemoradiation therapy would seem to be indicated for those patients.
Typhoid Colonic Perforation in Childhood:A Ten‐Year Experience
Authors: Chang Yu‐Tang , Lin Jan‐You , Huang Yu‐Sheng 
Published: January 2006

AbstractBackgroundIntestinal perforation resulting from a complication of typhoid fever has always been of concern because of its high morbidity and mortality rates. Most perforations occur in the terminal ileum.MethodsBetween May 1995 and June 2005, 24 children with typhoid colonic perforations receiving operations were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were 5 months to 86 months of age (mean: 25.1 ± 17.5 months). Surgical management consisted of primary closure of the perforation with ileostomy (70.8%), wedge resection and simple closure (20.8%), and partial colectomy with colostomy (4.2%). For the 11 patients with solitary cecal perforation, 6 received simple closure with ileostomy (group I), and wedge resection and simple closure was performed in the remaining 5 patients (group C). After operation, total parenteral nutrition (TPN) was instituted in each patient.ResultsSolitary cecal perforation is the most common type (45.8%). The length of hospital stay (LOS) varied from 12 days to 73 days, and the mean duration was 24.5 ± 14.7 days. The LOS showed no significant difference with regard to the location and the number of perforations. No mortality was noted in the entire series, but 19 patients had one or more complications, which may have prolonged the LOS; anemia and wound infections were the two most common problems. Group C had the shorter LOS (16.4 ± 3.4 days, versus 40.2 ± 22.6 days for group I) and fewer complications (0.6 ± 0.5, versus 3.25 ± 1.7 for group I). Any readmission for secondary operation to restore intestinal continuity in group C was therefore avoided.ConclusionsTo understand thoroughly the clinical course of typhoid fever is important. The typically high rate of complications after intestinal perforation secondary to typhoid fever may be reduced if operation is undertaken earlier. Solitary cecal perforation can be managed safely with wedge resection and simple closure without bowel exterioration. Routine usage of TPN may reduce the mortality associated with complications resulting from typhoid perforations.
Rapid Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone Assay—More than Just a Comfort Measure
Authors: Hanif F. , Coffey J. C. , Romics L. , O‘Sullivan K. , Aftab F. , Redmond H. P. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractBackgroundMinimally invasive radio‐guided parathyroidectomy (MIRP) has been embraced as an acceptable therapeutic approach to primary hyperparathyroidism. Preoperative sestamibi scanning has facilitated this technique. Here we evaluate the addition of a rapid intraoperative parathyroid hormone (iPTH) assay for patients undergoing MIRP.MethodsA series of 51 patients underwent sestamibi localization of parathyroid glands followed by MIRP for primary hyperparathyroidism. Using peripheral venous samples, iPTH levels were measured prior to gland excision, as well as post‐excision at 5, 10, and 15 minutes, taking a 50% reduction in iPTH level as indicative of complete excision. Next, changes in serum iPTH were compared with preoperative and postoperative changes in serum calcium, as well as levels of intraoperative ex‐vivo radiation counts taken by hand‐held gamma probe.ResultsIn this series, a drop of greater than 50% in iPTH levels was observed in 94% of patients (n = 48). Moreover, a significant drop in iPTH occurred within 10 minutes of excision in the majority (n = 42) of cases (P < 0.004). Changes in iPTH were comparable with the therapeutic reduction in calcium levels, as well as with the change in intraoperative ex‐vivo gamma counts.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that the addition of an iPTH assay to MIRP provides a quick and reliable intraoperative diagnostic modality in confirming correct adenoma removal. Moreover, it precludes the requirement of frozen section.
Identification of Prognostic Factors Associated with Early Mortality after Surgical Resection for Pancreatic Cancer—Under‐analysis of Cumulative Survival Curve
Authors: Takamori Hiroshi , Hiraoka Takehisa , Kanemitsu Keiichiro , Tsuji Tatsuya , Hamada Chikuma , Baba Hideo 
Published: January 2006

AbstractBackgroundThe cumulative survival curve after surgery for advanced pancreatic cancer is characterized by a steep downward slope in the early postoperative period. The aim of this investigation was to identify the characteristics associated with early mortality in patients undergoing pancreatic resection for pancreatic cancer.MethodsThirty‐seven patients with extended radical pancreatectomy combined with intraoperative radiation therapy were studied. The cumulative survival curve in this series was depicted using the Kaplan‐Meier method. Assuming that there were two distinct survival curves, below and above the breakpoint, each part of the curve was modeled as an exponential distribution. Three parameters, the breakpoint, the high hazard rate below the breakpoint, and the low hazard rate above the breakpoint were estimated by the maximum likelihood method. Prognostic factors associated with early mortality after surgery were evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses.ResultsThe breakpoint of the survival curve was estimated at 41 months. The short‐survival group (SSG) was defined as deceased earlier than 41 months after surgery, and included 31 patients (83.8 %). The long‐survival patient group (LSG) consisted of 6 patients who were alive more than 41 months after surgery. Eighteen SSG patients (58.1 %) died of hepatic metastases, whereas no LSG patients died of hepatic metastases. Abdominal pain and/or back pain during clinical course was identified by multivariate analysis as a prognostic factor for patients undergoing pancreatic resection.ConclusionsThe high hazard rate in the early postoperative period was closely linked with death due to liver metastases. The preoperative presence of local pain was a prognostic factor associated with early mortality.
Effects of Mosapride Citrate on Patients after Vagal Nerve Preserving Distal Gastrectomy Reconstructed by Interposition of a Jejunal J Pouch with a Jejunal Conduit for Early Gastric Cancer
Authors: Tomita Ryouichi , Ikeda Taro , Fujisaki Shigeru , Koshinaga Tugumichi , Tanjoh Katsuhisa 
Published: January 2006

AbstractBackgroundVagal nerve–preserving distal gastrectomy reconstructed by interposition of a jejunal J pouch with a jejunal conduit (hereinafter called DGP) is a function‐preserving operation for early gastric cancer. However, some patients after DGP have suffered from postprandial stasis in the substitute stomach, and postprandial stasis leads to abdominal symptoms. To clarify the significance of mosapride citrate (MS) for prevention of food stasis in the substitute stomach for patients after DGP, we studied the effects of MS before and after administration of MS.Materials and MethodsIn a total of 18 patients (10 men, 8 women; aged 34 to 70 years, average 63.1 years) during 5 years after DGP for early gastric cancer (Billroth I, D1 + α lymph node dissection, curability A), the relationship between their postoperative quality of life (QOL) and emptying function of the substitute stomach (EFS) was compared using a radioisotope method before MS therapy and after MS therapy at an oral dose of 15 mg/day for 3 months.Results(1) Interview. After MS therapy patients evidently had more appetite and ate more, with a slightly increase in body weight (0.5 ∼ 2 kg) compared with patients before MS therapy. Before and after MS therapy no patients had early dumping symptoms, and after MS therapy all patients clearly had fewer symptoms such as reflux esophagitis, nausea, and abdominal pain compared with before MS therapy. After MS therapy they also had significantly decreased abdominal fullness compared with before MS therapy (P = 0.0026). Endoscopically, we found reflux esophagitis in 2 patients from the before MS therapy group but in no patients from the after MS therapy group. All patients in the before MS therapy group showed residual contents in the substitute stomach, and seven patients in the after MS therapy group showed residual contents in the substitute stomach (P < 0.0001). There was a significant difference between before and after MS therapy (P < 0.0001). (2) EFS; The time to 50% residual rate of the before MS therapy group (80.5 ± 16.2 min) was significantly slower than that of the after MS therapy patients (65.6 ± 9.4 min) (P = 0.0091). After MS therapy (28.4% ± 5.2%), the residual rates at 120 minutes were significantly decreased compared with patients before MS therapy (38.2% ± 5.7%) (P = 0.0372).ConclusionsPatients from the after MS therapy group clearly had improved gastric stasis compared with the before MS therapy group. These results showed more satisfactory QOL in patients after MS therapy. It is possible that MS therapy improves abdominal fullness due to the postprandial stasis in the substitute stomach, contributing to the improvement of QOL of patients after DGP.