bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethylene–propylene‐α‐olefin terpolymers thermal and mechanical properties
Authors: Barrera Galland Griselda , Nunes Escher Fernanda F. , da Silva Luciano Forgiarini , de Camargo Forte Maria Madalena , Quijada Raul 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThermal and mechanical properties of ethylene–propylene‐α‐olefin (α‐olefin: 1‐hexene, 1‐decene, and 1‐octadecene) terpolymers, obtained with the metallocenic system rac‐Et[Ind]2ZrCl2/MAO with different comonomer ratios, have been studied. The properties were related to the terpolymer composition and molecular weights. Mechanical behavior of terpolymers was much more influenced by propylene than by α‐olefin contents. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 3827–3836, 2007
A conducting composite based on poly(N‐vinylcarbazole)–formalin resin and acetylene black
Authors: Maity Arjun , Saha Sardar Pinki , Ghosh Sanjib , Biswas Mukul 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA poly(N‐vinylcarbazole) (PNVC)–formalin (FO) resin (PNVC‐FO) was prepared via copolycondensation between N‐vinylcarbazole (NVC) and FO in the presence of dry HCl gas in toluene medium at 110°C. A highly conducting composite of PNVC‐FO resin with nanodimensional acetylene black (AB) was prepared by carrying out the polycondensation reaction in presence of a suspension of acetylene black (AB) in toluene. The inclusion of PNVC in the PNVC‐FO‐AB composite was confirmed by FT‐IR analysis. Scanning electron microscopic analyses of PNVC‐FO resin and PNVC‐FO‐AB composite revealed formation of spherical particles and aggregates of irregular shapes respectively. Thermogravimetric analyses revealed the overall stability order as: AB > PNVC‐FO‐AB composite > PNVC‐FO resin > PNVC homopolymer. In sharp contrast to PNVC and PNVC‐FO resin, which were both nonconducting (10−12 to 10−16 S/cm), the conductivity of the composites reached values between 0.75 S/cm and 6.54 S/cm corresponding to AB loading of 28–49 wt % respectively. Temperature versus conductivity studies revealed an initial increase in conductivity upto 200°C and current–voltage characteristics of the PNVC‐FO‐AB composite showed a linear trend consistent with Ohmic behavior. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 3837–3843, 2007
Preparation of poly(9‐aminoacridine)‐modified electrode and its application in the determination of dopamine and ascorbic acid simultaneously
Authors: Fang Bin , Liu Hongying , wang Guangfeng , Zhou Yunyou , Jiao Shoufeng , Gao Xianguo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA novel modified electrode was fabricated with 9‐aminoacridine by electropolymerization in the phosphate buffer solution (PBS) (pH 7.4) and was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The modified electrode showed excellent electrocatalytic effect and high stability toward the electrochemical oxidation of dopamine (DA) and ascorbic acid (AA). Also, it showed a high stability for the determination of DA and AA simultaneously. Well‐separated voltammetric peaks were observed for DA and AA on the modified electrode. The separation of two anodic peaks was 170 mV, which was large enough to eliminate the interference of AA and determine DA. The differential pulse voltammograms (DPV) were used for the measurement of DA by means of the poly(9‐aminoacridine)‐modified electrode in PBS at pH 7.4. A linear response toDA was observed in the concentration range from 1.5 × 10−6 to 3.5 × 10−3 mol L−1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9998 and a detection limit (S/N = 3) of 1.0 × 10−7mol L−1. The proposed method was used to determine DA in DA‐hydrochloride injection and showed excellent sensitivity and recovery. The ease of fabrication, good reproducibility, high stability, and low cost of the modified electrode are the promising features of the proposed sensor. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 3864–3870, 2007
Synthesis and characterization of novel conducting composites of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and sulfonated polyanilines
Authors: Reddy Kakarla Raghava , Lee Kwang‐Pill , Iyengar Anantha Gopalan 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSurface charged iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were used for the synthesis of sulfonated polyaniline (SPAN)‐Fe3O4 nanocomposites (SPAN/Fe3O4‐NCs). 2,5‐diaminobenzenesulfonic acid (DABSA) and 2‐aminobenzenesulfonic acid (ABSA) were independently polymerized with aniline to form SPAN. The structure of the composites was characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, conductivity and magnetic properties. TEM reveals that Fe3O4 nanoparticles are “glued” with SPAN in the composite. TGA indicates that SPAN/Fe3O4‐NCs are having better thermal stability. The room temperature conductivity of SPAN/Fe3O4‐NCs is higher than that of pristine PANI and SPAN. SPAN/Fe3O4‐NCs exhibits magnetic behavior. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 4127–4134, 2007
Preparation, properties, and anticorrosion application of poly(methyl methacrylate)/montmorillonite nanocomposites coating on brass via solution polymerization
Authors: Wang Tien‐Li , Hwang Weng‐Sing , Yeh Meng‐Heng 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe aim of this study is to improve the anticorrosive property of 7Cu3Zn brass. The methyl‐methacrylate (MMA) monomer solution, modified with fluorine radical and silicone, was used as the polymer matrix to mix with the different percentages of modified montmorillonite (MMT) loading and to exfoliate the lamellar structure of MMT on a nanometer scale during the solution polymerization process, and then form a thin nanocomposites coating on brass as a protective layer. The structural characterization was examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The anticorrosive property of nanocomposites was evaluated using potentiodynamics polarization and electrochemical impedance spectra. The results show that the d‐spacing of MMT was increased, and both exfoliation and intercalation microstructure were observed. Moreover, with the MMT loading increase, the appearance of the intercalation microstructure was more remarkable as a result of silicate layers aggregation. The 1.0 wt %‐coated brass coupons presented the optimistic property of anticorrosion, whose oxygen permeability, corrosion current (icorr), polarization resistance (Rp), and corrosion rate (Rcorr) were 3.5 g/(m2°h), 6.86 nA/cm2, 5.81 × 105 Ω°cm2, and 0.103 × 10−3 mm/year, respectively. These results indicate that nanocomposites have potential for anticorrosion application. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 4135–4143, 2007
Mechanical behaviors of ethylene/styrene interpolymer compatibilized polystyrene/polyethylene blends
Authors: Tang Jian , Tang Weihua , Yuan Huilin , Jin Riguang 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn this study, ethylene/styrene interpolymer was used as a compatibilizer for the blends of polystyrene (PS) and high‐density polyethylene (HDPE). The mechanical properties including tensile and impact properties and morphology of the blends were investigated by means of uniaxial tension, instrumented falling‐weight impact measurements, and scanning electron microscopy. Tensile tests showed that the yield strength of the PS/HDPE/ESI blends decreases considerably with increasing HDPE content. However, the elongation at break of the blends tended to increase significantly with increasing HDPE content. The excellent tensile ductility of the HDPE‐rich blends resulted from shield yielding of the matrix. Izod and Charpy impact measurements indicated that the impact strength of the blends increases slowly with HDPE content up to 40 wt %; thereafter, it increases sharply with increasing HDPE content. The impact energy of the HDPE‐rich blends exceeded that of pure HDPE, implying that the HDPE polymer can be further toughened by the incorporation of brittle PS minor phase in the presence of ESI compatibilizer. The correlation between the impact property and morphology of the blends is discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 4001–4007, 2007
Preparation of nanoparticles composed of chitosan and its derivatives as delivery systems for macromolecules
Authors: Sun Yan , Wan Ajun 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThree different kinds of nanoparticles for paracellular transport were prepared using a simple and mild ionic‐gelation method. Sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as crosslinking agent was added into three kinds of solutions, which were chitosan solution, physical blending solution of chitosan, and glycidyl trimethylammonium chloride (GTMAC), andO‐(2‐hydroxyl) propyl‐3‐trimethyl ammonium chitosan chloride (O‐HTCC) solution respectively. O‐HTCC was synthesized by coupling of GTMAC to chitosan whose functional groups of the NH2groups were protected. The nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, photon correlation spectroscopy, and zeta potential measurement. The results showed that increasing TPP concentration promoted the size of chitosan nanoparticles, a decrease in the size of O‐HTCC nanoparticles incurred on the contrary. The size of O‐HTCC nanoparticles is slightly bigger than that of pure chitosan nanoparticles, and smaller than that of physical blending nanoparticles (PBN). Bovine serum albumin (BSA), as a model protein drug, was incorporated into the nanoparticles. Compared with chitosan nanoparticles and PBN, high BSA loading efficiency (87.5%) and loading capacity (99.5%) are achieved by quaternized chitosan (O‐HTCC) nanoparticles, and the release profile of BSA from nanoparticles has an obvious burst effect and a slowly continuous release phase followed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Mechanical properties and processibilty of glass‐fiber‐, wollastonite‐, and fluoro‐rubber‐reinforced silicone rubber composites
Authors: Park Eun‐Soo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe reinforcement of silicone rubber (SR) imparted by different types of fillers was investigated. Glass fiber (GF), wollastonite and fluoro rubber (FR) as nontraditional filler for rubber were compounded SR and mechanical properties of the prepared composites were evaluated. The addition of silane pretreated GF and wollastonite into SR, tensile strength, abrasion resistance and tear strength of the composites improved considerably. The improvement in the properties was assigned to an increased interaction between the filler and the polymer matrix. For the SR/FR composites system, the elongation at break was increase with increasing concentrations of FR due to sponge like structure resulting from poor compatibility between the two components. To investigate the production potential of extrusion processing method, prepared composites were extruded in a rod type sample. During the curing stage, GF, wollastonite and FR lead to the formation of void in the matrix resin. When GF and wollastonite were treated with silane, the void formations were reduced significantly. The silane treatment process improves not only mechanical strength but also processibility of SR composites in dry conditions. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Composite polymer electrolytes based on the low crosslinked copolymer of linear and hyperbranched polyurethanes
Authors: Hong Ling , Shi Liyi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLow crosslinked copolymer of linear and hyperbranched polyurethane (CHPU) was prepared, and the ionic conductivities and thermal properties of the composite polymer electrolytes composed of CHPU and LiClO4 were investigated. The FTIR and Raman spectra analysis indicated that the polyurethane copolymer could dissolve more lithium salt than the corresponding polymer electrolytes of the non crosslinked hyperbranched polyurethane, and showed higher conductivities. At salt concentration EO/Li = 4, the electrolyte CHPU30‐LiClO4 reached its maximum conductivity, 1.51 × 10−5 S cm−1 at 25°C. DSC measurement was also used for the analysis of the thermal properties of polymer electrolytes. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 3607–3613, 2007
Doping effect of organic sulphonic acids on the solid‐state synthesized polyaniline
Authors: Abdiryim Tursun , Jamal Ruxangul , Nurulla Ismayil 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPolyaniline (PANI) salts doped with organic sulfonic acids (methanesulfonicacid, p‐toluenesulphonic acid, and dodecylbenzenesulphonic acid) were first synthesized by using solid‐state polymerization method. The polymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, ultraviolet‐visible spectrometry, X‐ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and conductivity measurements. It was found that PANI doped with p‐toluenesulphonic acid is formed in conductive emeraldine oxidation state, and displayed higher doping level and cyrstallinity. On the contrary, PANI doped with dodecylbenzenesulphonic acid was lower at doping level and highly amorphous. In accordance with these results, the conductivity and electrochemical acitivity was also found to be higher in p‐toluenesulphonic acid‐doped PANI, and these properties were opposite in the case of dodecylbenzenesulphonic acid. The results also revealed that the morphology of dodecylbenzenesulphonic acid‐doped PANI was remarkably different from other PANI salts. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Preparation and characterization of silver containing chitosan fibers
Authors: Qin Yimin , Zhu Changjun , Chen Jie , Zhong Jinhuan 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSilver containing chitosan fibers were prepared by blending fine particles of a silver sodium hydrogen zirconium phosphate compound into the spinning solution. It was possible to distribute the silver containing particles in the chitosan fiber because of the high viscosity of the spinning solution and the small diameter of the particles. Because the silver ions are imbedded inside the sodium hydrogen zirconium phosphate complex, the chitosan fibers remain white in color without being oxidized by the silver ions. The release of silver ions from the silver containing chitosan fibers were studied by placing the fibers in contact with distilled water, solution A, and aqueous protein solutions. Results showed that the release of silver ions was low in water, while in solution A and protein solutions, the silver ions are activated through ion exchange and chelation. The silver ions can significantly enhance the antimicrobial properties of the chitosan fibers. Experimental results showed that when placed in contact with the silver containing chitosan fibers, the reduction in bacteria count can be more than 98%. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 3622–3627, 2007
Chitin sponge, extraction procedure from shrimp wastes using green chemistry
Authors: Flores Ronny , Barrera‐Rodríguez Susana , Shirai Keiko , Durán‐de‐Bazúa Carmen 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChitin sponges were obtained from shrimp residues using green chemistry procedures. Partial deproteinization was performed by grinding fresh residues with water during 30 s in a food blender obtaining 39.3% d.b. partial deproteinized cephalothorax (PDC). Protein reduction in this step was 80%, with 49% of mineral salts (measured as ashes), 97% fat, and 41% being chitin product. To separate chitin from PDC, a mixture of 8.75 mL MeOH, 16.25 mL water, and 25 g of CaCl2 was used (solvent MAC) per gram of PDC. Chitin dissolved in MAC under mechanical agitation to form a sponge, which had an overall composition of 42% chitin, 46% ashes, and 11% proteins. Chitin sponge weathering and biodegradation tests showed that during 30 days, the sponge is stable at ambient conditions in southern Mexico City environment, and when placed in compost‐soil mixtures is degraded in about two weeks. These results open new possibilities to the recycling of crustacean residues. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 3909–3916, 2007
High performance elastomer composites containing ultra high cis polybutadiene with high abrasion and low rolling resistances
Authors: Kwag Gwanghoon , Kim Pillsung , Han Shin , Lee Seunghwon , Choi Hyungkyu , Kim Sunghyun 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA series of rubber composites with ultra high cis polybutadiene (UBR), NUC1–3, SBC1–4, SUS1–4, was prepared, and their vulcanized properties were measured and analyzed. The ultra high cis polybutadiene was prepared with the monomeric neodymium catalyst, Nd(neodecanoate)3·(neodecanoic acid). NUC composites were composed of natural rubber, ultra high cis polybutadiene, and carbon black. In the composite of a low carbon black content (NUC1, 45 phr), a high abrasion‐resistance and a significantly low rolling resistance (tan δ60°C, 0.04) were obtained. According to the AFM study of NUC composites, abrasion resistance was closely related with surface morphology. In the SUS composites prepared with SSBR (solution styrene–butadiene copolymer), UBR, and silica, as the content of ultra high cis polybutadiene increased, Δcure torque (MH–ML) increased with fast cure kinetics. SUS4 showed high elongation and tensile strength with excellent abrasion resistance. Rolling resistance was improved as the content of ultra high cis polybutadiene increased. The SBC composites were prepared with SBR (emulsion styrene–butadiene copolymer), ultra high cis polybutadiene (or high cis polybutadiene), and carbon black. It is remarked that abrasion resistance and Δtan δ (tan δ 60°C − tan δ0°C) are increased with ultra high cis polybutadiene. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Subsequent melting behavior of poly(butylene succinate) in its miscible blend with poly(vinyl phenol) crystallized nonisothermally from the melt
Authors: Qiu Zhaobin 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBiodegradable crystalline poly(butylene succinate) (PBSU) are miscible with amorphous poly(vinyl phenol) (PVPh). Neat PBSU and PBSU blended with PVPh show complex melting behavior after nonisothermal melt crystallization at constant cooling rates. Both neat and blended PBSU can show one, two, or three melting peaks depending on the blend composition, cooling rate, and heating rate. A model was proposed to explain the origin of the complex melting behavior of PBSU through conventional differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and temperature‐modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC) studies. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 3637–3641, 2007
Mechanism of the particle formation during the oxidative polymerization of 2,6‐dimethylphenol in an aqueous medium
Authors: Liu Qun , Shentu Baoqing , Zhu Jinhua , Weng Zhixue 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe changes of the molecular weight and particle size with time during the oxidative polymerization of 2,6‐dimethylphenol in an aqueous medium were studied. At the beginning of the oxidative polymerization, the oligomers with the hydrophilic phenoxy anion at the end of oligomer chains are formed rapidly in the aqueous medium. When the molecular weight of the oligomer reaches up to a critical value, the oligomer precipitates out from the water, resulting in the formation of the original particle (or domain). With the increase of the molecular weight, the concentration of the phenoxy anion and the surface charge density of the original particles decrease; therefore, the repulsion force between original particles weaken and the stability of particles in water decreases, resulting in the coagulation of the original particle and the formation of the primary particle. With the further progression of the polymerization, the primary particles coagulate and final particles are formed. A three‐stage mechanism of the particle formation is proposed, that is, the particle nucleation, first coagulation, and second coagulation. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 3649–3653, 2007
Modeling the solubility of ternary mixtures of ethylene, iso‐pentane, n‐hexane in semicrystalline polyethylene
Authors: Yao Wenjuan , Hu Xiaoping , Yang Yongrong 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe coabsorptions of ethylene and iso‐pentane, and ethylene and n‐hexane were measured by the use of a pressure decay method. The solubility data of ethylene‐iso‐pentane and ethylene‐n‐hexane in semicrystalline polyethylene (PE) of crystallinity of 48.6% were obtained at temperatures 70, 80, and 90 °C, and the total pressure 2 MPa, iso‐pentane partial pressure 80–190 KPa, n‐hexane partial pressure 20–90 KPa. The presence of iso‐pentane or n‐hexane in the corresponding ternary system leads to increase the solubility of ethylene, while the solubility of iso‐pentane or n‐hexane remains unchanged with an increase of the ethylene partial pressure, even slightly decreases. Assumed that the presence of iso‐pentane or n‐hexane decreases the crystallinity of the polymer sample, a coabsorption model was built to model the solubility of each gas in the ternary systems. The relative root mean square errors of the coabsorption model for ethylene‐iso‐pentane‐PE system and ethylene‐n‐hexane‐PE system are 5.13% and 4.64%, respectively. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 3654–3662, 2007
Dispersing mechanism of carboxymethyl starch as water‐reducing agent
Authors: Zhang Dong‐Fang , Ju Ben‐Zhi , Zhang Shu‐Fen , Yang Jin‐Zong 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn this article, by using zeta (ζ) potential analyzer, X‐ray photo spectroscopy, and UV–visible adsorption spectrophotometer, the adsorption characteristics and surface electrochemical properties of carboxymethyl starch (CMS) as water‐reducing agent on cement particles and its effects on the fluidity of cement paste were studied in comparison with traditional naphthalene sulfonic acid–formaldehyde condensates, whose dispersion ability mainly depends on electrostatic repulsive force caused by ζ‐potential. The results indicate that the adsorption conformation of CMS is dendritic, generating strong steric hindrance by branched chains and polar side chains of adsorption layer, and the dispersion capacity of CMS mainly comes from steric hindrance effect rather than electrostatic repulsive force. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Synthesis, morphology, component distribution, and mechanical properties of nitrocellulose/gradient poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) semi‐IPN material
Authors: Xiao Zhenggang , Ying Sanjiu , He Weidong , Xu Fuming , Sun Peng 
Published: March 2007

AbstractNitrocellulose (NC), a rigid natural polymer, was modified by gradient interpenetrating polymer networks containing poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (PEGDMA) to obtain both high strength and large toughness across the thickness from surface to the core of samples. PEGDMA content decreased with distance from the surface to core of nitrocellulose with a gradient of poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (NC/grad. PEGDMA) determined by elemental chemical analysis. The distribution of the guest component across the NC/grad. PEGDMA semi‐IPNs sample thickness was reciprocal function. SEM micrographs of NC/grad. PEGDMA semi‐IPNs revealed that, when the content of guest component was about 23%, the gradient system showed almost single phase morphology. At the same time, the tensile test results showed that NC/grad. PEGDMA featured both higher tensile strength and larger toughness. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007