bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Philippine Women on the Move: Marriage across Borders
Authors: Lauser Andrea 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis paper discusses how Philippine transnational marriage migration is intertwined in complex and paradoxical ways with global, local and personal matters. My argument will blur the artificial and still dominant analytical division between marriage migrants (wives or “mail order” brides) and labour migrants (workers – mainly domestic workers). Focusing on the life histories of different Filipina women, the paper illustrates the intersections and multiplicity of their roles as wives, mistresses, workers, mothers, daughters and citizens in a transnational migratory space.Furthermore, I go along with those scholars who argue that women do not only marry in order to migrate, but that they also migrate in order to marry, as marriage is seen as an important aspect of social fulfilment. By carefully investigating these emerging transnational or even global marriage‐scapes, I analyze the different motives, logics and desires that come into play. While women from the Philippines may look for “modern husbands” and “modern marriages” because of local constraints on their marriage opportunities, many western men turn to Asia and the Philippines for “traditional” wives whom they imagine to be more “conservative” and “less demanding.” Both often discover that their gender stereotypes are more imagined than real.The stories illustrate how Filipina migrants use different socio‐cultural and socio‐economic situations across transnational space – and at times against local gender constructions – in order to renegotiate and reclaim a respectable and desired marital status. On the one hand, these women are subject to manifold localised, legal and religious‐moral definitions as women and wives. On the other hand, they creatively and actively utilise structural differences and new opportunities across transnational space to redefine themselves. The stories thus show both the women’s agency and the importance of structural factors.
Reintroduction of a Rare Plant (Gladiolus imbricatus) Population to a River Floodplain—How Important is Meadow Management?
Authors: Jõgar Ülle , Moora Mari 
Published: August 2008

Abstract In seminatural grasslands, the success of reintroduction of locally extinct rare plant species may depend on the ambient management regime. We aimed to study to what extent the success of the restoration of a rare species (Gladiolus imbricatus) depends on management conditions. A management experiment with traditional cutting by scythe and hay removal, mowing (machine cutting and hay removal), mulching (machine cutting without hay removal), spring burning, and unmanaged control, combined with reintroduction of seeds of Gladiolus, was conducted in an Estonian flooded meadow in which the species had become extinct. Seeds were reintroduced in 2003 in all management treatments and populations monitored until 2006. Mulching, mowing, and traditional management resulted in the greatest establishment, whereas the subsequent mortality was not influenced greatly by management regime. The population started to increase in mulching treatment in the third season due to vegetative growth. The results indicate that the establishment of G. imbricatus is primarily seed limited under current conditions, whereas favorable management significantly enhances establishment in a river floodplain meadow. Successful restoration depends on seed addition and proper grassland management—mowing to a height of approximately 15 cm and mulching.
Monitoring quality in work: European Employment Strategy indicators and beyond
Authors: DAVOINE Lucie , ERHEL Christine , GUERGOAT‐LARIVIERE Mathilde 
Published: August 2008

Abstract.Within the framework of the European Employment Strategy, the European Union has defined a set of indicators to monitor employment quality — the so‐called Laeken indicators. This article discusses and implements these indicators. From a theoretical perspective, it shows that the concept of work quality encompasses several dimensions, which are likely to be related to national institutions, particularly industrial relations and welfare systems. It then proceeds with a comparative analysis of quality in work across the 27 Member States, which confirms the existence of several models in Europe and suggests that the Laeken indicators should be supplemented by additional measures.
Corneal graft survival after therapeutic keratoplasty for Acanthamoeba keratitis
Authors: Kashiwabuchi Renata T. , De Freitas Denise , Alvarenga Lenio S. , Vieira Luiz , Contarini Patrícia , Sato Elcio , Foronda Annette , Hofling‐Lima Ana Luísa 
Published: August 2008

Abstract.Purpose:  To describe corneal graft survival and visual outcome after therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty in patients with Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) that is unresponsive to clinical treatment.Methods:  Retrospective study. Thirty‐two patients with AK who underwent therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty (tPK) from August 1996 to August 2005 were included. Data relating to clinical features, visual acuity, surgical technique, graft survival and complications were collected. Graft survival was evaluated by the Kaplan–Meier method and comparisons were performed using the Log‐rank test.Results:  Most patients (62.5%) were female. Mean age [± standard deviation (SD)] was 35 (± 13) years (range 15–68 years). All patients were contact lens wearers. Eighteen patients (56%) presented paralytic mydriasis and glaucoma during the treatment. Thirteen patients (40%) developed glaucoma after surgery; eight of them (61%) required a second PK because of graft failure. Of the 32 keratoplasty eyes, 56.2% presented graft failure at any follow‐up point. Forty‐five per cent of graft failures occurred before the 12 month follow‐up, so 55% remained clear in the first year after surgery. Twelve patients underwent a second PK; seven of them failed and 45% were clear at 1 year. Two patients presented graft recurrence of amoebic infection. There was no significant difference in graft survival when eyes with or without mydriasis were compared (P = 0.40). Eyes with glaucoma presented a significantly shorter graft survival (P = 0.01).Conclusion:  Penetrating keratoplasty is a treatment option for eyes that are unresponsive to clinical treatment infections. However, graft survival is poor; postoperative glaucoma is frequent and is associated with shorter graft survival.
Effect of driver distraction and low alcohol concentrations on useful field of view and frequency‐doubling technology perimetry
Authors: Puell Maria Cinta , Barrio Ana 
Published: August 2008

Abstract.Purpose:  To investigate the effects of a mental psychometric task that simulates the distraction effect of a hands‐free mobile phone and of low alcohol concentrations (0.3–0.5 g/l) on two tests: the useful field of view (UFOV) and frequency‐doubling technology (FDT) perimetry.Methods:  Thirty‐seven healthy young vehicle drivers aged 22 ± 3 years were subjected to a computer version of the UFOV test and FDT perimetry, undertaken according to a counterbalanced within‐subject design. The tests were performed in two sessions (an ‘alcohol session’ and a ‘sober session’), while undertaking or not undertaking a psychometric test [the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT)] to simulate the effect of distraction. Each subject was instructed to concentrate on the PASAT while taking each test.Results:  UFOV scores were affected when the PASAT was performed simultaneously (P < 0.0001) in that longer times were required to identify a central target and the location of a peripheral target. FDT perimetry was affected by the addition of the PASAT, with a significant reduction in mean sensitivity and a localized sensitivity loss [pattern standard deviation (PSD) >6 dB]. Test times, false‐positive and negative catch trial responses were all increased. However, the UFOV test and FDT perimetry results were not significantly affected by a low alcohol concentration.Conclusion:  Distraction significantly affects performance in the UFOV test and frequency‐doubling technology perimetry. Our findings suggest that using a hands‐free mobile phone while driving may lead to a low‐to‐moderate crash risk in young adults with normal visual function.
Pascal, ICare and Goldmann applanation tonometry – a comparative study
Authors: Jóhannesson Gauti , Hallberg Per , Eklund Anders , Lindén Christina 
Published: August 2008

Abstract.Purpose:  To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements by Pascal, ICare and Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT), to evaluate the effects of central corneal thickness (CCT) and curvature on IOP measurement and to estimate the intra‐observer variability.Methods:  A prospective, single‐centre study of 150 eyes with a wide range of pressures. Six masked IOP measurements/method; corneal thickness and curvature were studied for each eye. GAT was the reference.Results:  IOPPascal and IOPICare correlated with IOPGAT (r = 0.91, 0.89). Mean ICare measurement exceeded GAT by 2 mmHg. Pascal measured higher than GAT at low IOPs and lower at high IOPs. For every 10 mmHg increase in IOP above 31 mmHg, Pascal measured 2 mmHg lower than GAT and vice versa. CCT was correlated significantly with IOPGAT (r = 0.23) and IOPICare (r = 0.43) but not with IOPPascal (P = 0.12). CCT was correlated with age. In a subgroup (>50 years), ICare and the difference between IOPGAT and IOPPascal were affected significantly by the CCT, whereas IOPGAT and IOPPascal were not. Corneal curvature was correlated significantly with IOPGAT (r = −0.27) and IOPPascal (r = −0.26) but not with IOPICare (P = 0.60). Intra‐observer variability within each set of six measurements was approximately 2 mmHg, irrespective of method.Conclusion:  This study showed a reasonable overall correlation and concordance between the IOP obtained with the three instruments. None of the methods were completely independent of the biomechanical properties of the cornea. ICare showed a significant dependency upon CCT, whereas GAT and Pascal showed a significant dependency on corneal curvature. All methods showed intra‐observer variability, which leaves room for further improvement of methods.
Advances in power driven pocket/root instrumentation
Authors: Walmsley A. Damien , Lea Simon C. , Landini Gabriel , Moses Anthony J. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractObjectives: The primary aim was: “Does power‐driven pocket/root instrumentation offer a clinical advantage over hand instrumentation”? Secondary aim was to update knowledge base of power‐driven instrumentation post Tunkel et al. (2002).Material and Methods: A literature search of power‐driven instruments (in vitro, in vivo and controlled clinical trials) was performed from April 2001 using similar criteria to Tunkel et al. (2002). Primary outcome was whether power‐driven instruments offered an advantage over hand instrumentation; secondary outcomes were effect on root surface, effectiveness of new instrument designs, and role of biophysical effects such as cavitation.Results: From a total of 41 studies, 14 studies involved comparison of power‐driven devices with hand instrumentation for non‐surgical therapy. These were subdivided into new designs of power instrumentation, full‐mouth debridement and irrigation and patient acceptance. Use of power‐driven instrumentation provides similar clinical outcomes compared with hand instrumentation. Difficulty of pooling studies continues to hinder the drawing of definitive conclusions.Conclusion: Newer designs of powered instruments have not shown any benefit when compared with other ultrasonic devices in non‐surgical periodontal therapy. New in vitro research shows there is variation in the performance of different tip designs and generators, but its clinical relevance remains unknown.
Laser application in non‐surgical periodontal therapy: a systematic review
Authors: Schwarz Frank , Aoki Akira , Becker Jürgen , Sculean Anton 
Published: August 2008

AbstractObjectives: The primary aim was to address the following focused question: What is the clinical effect of laser application compared with mechanical debridement in non‐surgical periodontal therapy in patients with chronic periodontitis? A secondary aim was to survey the relevant literature in relation to safety of laser applications.Material and Methods: Electronic databases of the PubMed and the Cochrane Library were searched and completed by manual searches up to December 2007.Results: Following screening, 12 publications (11 studies) were eligible for the review. A meta‐analysis could not be performed due to the heterogeneity of the studies. The results from a narrative synthesis indicate that Er:YAG laser monotherapy resulted in similar clinical outcomes, both in the short and the long term (up to 24 months), compared with mechanical debridement. There is insufficient evidence to support the clinical application of either CO2, Nd:YAG, Nd:YAP, or different diode laser wavelengths.Conclusions: The Er:YAG laser seems to possess characteristics most suitable for the non‐surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis. Research conducted so far has indicated that its safety and effects might be expected to be within the range reported for conventional mechanical debridement. However, the evidence from the evaluated studies is weak.
Periodontal tissue engineering and regeneration: Consensus Report of the Sixth European Workshop on Periodontology
Authors: Palmer R. M. , Cortellini P. ,   on behalf of Group B of the European Workshop on Periodontology
Published: August 2008

AbstractAim: To review the scientific preclinical background and clinical studies of current methods of periodontal regeneration in the treatment of infrabony defects and soft tissue deficienciesMethod: Five commissioned review papers including two systematic reviews were scrutinized by a group of experts in order to derive consensus conclusions, clinical relevance/implications and to propose future research requirements.Results: The following five papers were assessed:  1. Biological mediators and periodontal regeneration: a review of enamel matrix proteins at the cellular and molecular levels.  2. Regeneration of periodontal tissues: combination of barrier membranes and grafting materials – Biological foundation and preclinical evidence.  3. Clinical outcomes with bioactive agents alone or in combination with grafting or GTR  4. Treatment of gingival recession with coronally advanced flap procedures. A systematic review.  5. Soft tissue management at implant sites
Advances in bone augmentation to enable dental implant placement: Consensus Report of the Sixth European Workshop on Periodontology
Authors: Tonetti Maurizio S. , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. ,   on behalf of the European Workshop on Periodontology Group C
Published: August 2008

AbstractBackground: Bone augmentation procedures to enable dental implant placement are frequently performed in practice.Methods: In this session the European Workshop on Periodontology discussed the evidence in support of the procedures and examined both adverse events and implant performance in the augmented bone. While the available evidence improved both in quantity and quality since previous workshops the conclusions that could be drawn were limited by elements of design and/or reporting that are amenable to improvement.Results: With regards to lateral bone augmentation, a sizable body of evidence supports its use to enable dental implant placement. The group recognized the potential for vertical ridge augmentation procedures to allow implant placement in clinical practice but questioned the applicability of these data to a wider array of operators and clinical settings. With regards to sinus floor augmentation, perforation of the sinus membrane, graft infection and graft loss resulting in inability of implant placement were the major reported adverse events. In cases with <6 mm of residual bone height, 17% of subjects experienced implant loss in the first 3 years following lateral window augmentation. After trans‐alveolar sinus floor augmentation 11% of subjects experienced implant loss over 3 years. Significant research activity (both pre‐clinical and clinical) was identified in the area of growth factors‐induced bone augmentation. Initial clinical trials support the potential of BMP‐2.Conclusions: Clinically, the consensus highlighted that bone augmentation procedures can fail and that implants placed in these areas do not necessarily enjoy the high long‐term survival rates of dental implants placed in pristine sites. The consensus emphasized the research need to answer questions on: (i) long‐term performance of dental implants placed in augmented bone; (ii) the clinical performance of dental implants placed in augmented or pristine sites; and (iii) the clinical benefits of bone augmentation with respect to alternative treatments.
Clinical outcomes of implants following lateral bone augmentation: systematic assessment of available options (barrier membranes, bone grafts, split osteotomy)
Authors: Donos Nikolaos , Mardas Nikolaos , Chadha Vivek 
Published: August 2008

AbstractObjective: To compare the clinical outcomes related to implants following lateral augmentation procedures (GBR, bone grafts, split osteotomy) with implants placed in pristine sites.Material and Methods: A systematic review of all prospective studies of implants placed simultaneously or as a second surgery following lateral augmentation compared with implants placed in pristine bone with 6 months of loading was performed.Results: From 435 potentially relevant publications, 125 full‐text publications were screened and four were identified as fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Three studies compared implants placed with simultaneous GBR or with a bone substitute and one with autogenous bone graft as a staged procedure. The implant survival at the augmented sites irrespective of the procedure used varied from 91.7% to 100% and from 93.2% to 100% at the control sites for a period between 12 and 59.1 months.Conclusions: Within the limits of the systematic review there was evidence that the evaluated augmentation techniques result in similar implant survival between augmented and pristine sites. The small number of retrieved studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria limited the conclusions regarding the success of the augmentation and its effect on the survival of the implants. Properly designed randomized controlled clinical trials on this topic are needed.
Clinical outcomes of vertical bone augmentation to enable dental implant placement: a systematic review
Authors: Rocchietta Isabella , Fontana Filippo , Simion Massimo 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBackground: This review addressed the focused question of what is the predictability of vertical ridge augmentation techniques for patients, who were diagnosed with insufficient alveolar bone volume for the placement of dental implants.Material and Methods: A systematic online review of three main databases was performed between 1966 and 1 November 2007. Four groups of vertical bone augmentation techniques have been identified and evaluated: (1) guided bone regeneration, (2) distraction osteogenesis, (3) onlay bone grafting, and (4) an array of different techniques. Data extraction was based on the following outcomes: (a) success and failure rate of the procedure (vertical bone gain/loss), (b) complication rate of the procedure, and (c) implant survival, success and failure rate.Results: The initial search identified 189 papers from the electronic database. The review produced seven papers for GBR, 13 reporting distraction osteogenesis, five for onlay bone grafting and three describing different techniques.Conclusions: For the concept of vertical ridge augmentation to enable dental implant placement, there are clinical and histological data supporting its potential use. Given the confined number of investigators using these techniques and the low number of patient treatments reported in the literature, the generalizability of this approach is limited at this time.
A systematic review of the success of sinus floor elevation and survival of implants inserted in combination with sinus floor elevation Part II: Transalveolar technique
Authors: Tan Wah Ching , Lang Niklaus P. , Zwahlen Marcel , Pjetursson Bjarni E. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractObjectives: The objectives of this systematic review were to assess the survival rate of implants placed in sites with transalveolar sinus floor elevation.Material and Methods: An electronic search was conducted to identify prospective and retrospective cohort studies on transalveolar sinus floor elevation, with a mean follow‐up time of at least 1 year after functional loading. Failure and complication rates were analyzed using random‐effects Poisson regression models to obtain summary estimates/ year proportions.Results: The search provided 849 titles. Full‐text analysis was performed for 176 articles, resulting in 19 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Meta‐analysis of these studies indicated an estimated annual failure rate of 2.48% (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.37–4.49%) translating to an estimated survival rate of 92.8% (95% CI): 87.4–96.0%) for implants placed in transalveolarly augmented sinuses, after 3 years in function. Furthermore, subject‐based analysis revealed an estimated annual failure of 3.71% (95% CI: 1.21–11.38%), translating to 10.5% (95% CI: 3.6–28.9%) of the subjects experiencing implant loss over 3 years.Conclusion: Survival rates of implants placed in transalveolar sinus floor augmentation sites are comparable to those in non‐augmented sites. This technique is predictable with a low incidence of complications during and post‐operatively.
Definition and prevalence of peri‐implant diseases
Authors: Zitzmann Nicola U. , Berglundh Tord 
Published: August 2008

AbstractObjectives: The aim of the current review was to describe the prevalence of peri‐implant diseases including peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis.Material and Methods: A MEDLINE search (PubMed) until December 2007 was conducted and different keywords related to the prevalence of peri‐implant diseases were used. Cross‐sectional and longitudinal studies including 50 implant‐treated subjects exhibiting a function time of 5 years were considered.Results and Conclusion: The current review revealed that only a few studies provided data on the prevalence of peri‐implant diseases. Cross‐sectional studies on implant‐treated subjects are rare and data from only two study samples were available. Peri‐implant mucositis occurred in approximately 80% of the subjects and in 50% of the implants. Peri‐implantitis was found in 28% and 56% of subjects and in 12% and 43% of implant sites.