bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mometasone Furoate Improves Congestion in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Berger William E , Nayak Anjuli S , Staudinger Heribert W 
Published: November 2005

BACKGROUND A recent survey estimated that 85% of patients with allergic rhinitis experience nasal congestion. This symptom considerably impacts quality of life. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of mometasone furoate nasal spray (MFNS) in subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) experiencing moderate-to-severe nasal congestion. METHODS Data were obtained from 4 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of MFNS 200 μg once daily in patients with SAR. Subject-evaluated nasal congestion score data (score range 0–3) from subjects receiving MFNS or placebo were analyzed as a pool and grouped according to baseline score (all pts. with scores >2.5, >2.75, or 3.0). The 2-week average change in score from baseline was analyzed. RESULTS Significant improvements in mean nasal congestion score were seen with MFNS (n = 490) versus placebo (n = 492; p < 0.001). Overall, there was a 27% improvement in this score in patients receiving MFNS versus 13% with placebo. MFNS produced significant reductions in the nasal congestion score compared with placebo, even in patients with the most severe baseline congestion (0.98 vs 0.52; p < 0.001). Improvements in scores from baseline of 32%, 33%, and 34% were seen with MFNS versus 22%, 21%, and 18% with placebo (for baseline scores of >2.5, >2.75, or 3.0, respectively), confirming the effectiveness of MFNS regardless of congestion severity. This represents an improvement approximating a decrease from severe to moderate congestion or from moderate-to-severe to mild-to-moderate congestion. MFNS was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS MFNS 200 μg once daily produces statistically significant improvements in nasal congestion score compared with placebo, alleviating severe congestion in patients with moderate-to-severe SAR.
Dynamik von MEMS-Bausteinen berührungslos charakterisieren (Non-contact Characterization of MEMS Dynamics)
Authors: Dräbenstedt Alexander , Heimes Frank , Hettwer Dirk , Rembe Christian , Steger Heinrich , Wörtge Michael 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
Ein neues kombiniertes Messverfahren eröffnet wichtige Analysemöglichkeiten für Mikrosysteme. Mit Hilfe der im Out-of-plane-Bereich extrem empfindlichen Laser-Doppler-Technik werden auf Grund von immer vorhandenen parasitären Kopplungen auch In-plane-Resonanzen identifiziert. Mittels Videostroboskopie können die In-plane-Schwingungen dann genau vermessen werden. Der sich letztendlich ergebende Datensatz mit In-plane- und Out-of-plane-Daten ist äußerst wichtig für den Abgleich von Simulationsmodellen zur Modalanalyse von Mikrosystemen.
Optischer Näherungssensor basierend auf organischen Halbleitermaterialien (Optical Proximity Sensor based on Polymer Semiconductors)
Authors: Winnewisser Carsten , Bürgi Lukas , Pfeiffer Reto , Mücklich Mario , Metzler Peter , Kiy Michael 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
Ein optischer Berührungs- und Näherungssensor wird in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt. Dieser Sensor basiert auf der monolithischen Integration polymerer Leuchtdioden (PLEDs) und polymerer Photodioden, wobei die organischen Halbleitermaterialien aus der flüssigen Phase verarbeitet wurden. Damit zeigt sich das zukünftige Potential integrierter optoelektronischer Systeme, wie z.B. berührungssensitive Monitore oder biochemische Sensoren auf flexiblen Substraten, die mittels spezialisierter Drucktechnologien im Rolle-zu-Rolle-Prozess herstellbar sein könnten.
Neues magnetoinduktives Sensor-Prinzip und seine Umsetzung in Sensoren für industrielle Anwendungen (A new Magneto-Inductive Sensing Principle and its Implementation in Sensors for Industrial Applications)
Authors: Jagiella Manfred , Fericean Sorin 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
Für die Positionsrückmeldung bei Stellantrieben in industriellen Systemen werden heute vorzugsweise berührungslose Wegmesssysteme eingesetzt. Linearbewegungen im Bereich bis 200 mm erfordern fast immer Kompromisse in Bezug auf Größe, Messbereich, Robustheit und Kosten. Der Beitrag stellt eine Innovation in diesem Bereich vor: Ein neues magnetoinduktives Sensorprinzip und ein Wegmesssystem, das speziell für Positionieraufgaben in dem oben genannten Bereich entwickelt wurde. Das System besteht aus einem schlanken, quaderförmigen Sensor mit vollständig integrierter Auswertungselektronik und einem dauermagnetischen Geber, dessen Position in ein absolutes, zum Weg proportionales Standardsignal umgewandelt wird.
Programmable Angular System with Online Diagnosis (Programmierbares Winkelmesssystem mit Online-Diagnose)
Authors: Harmansa Adrian , Butzmann Stefan 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
A programmable angular measurement system with online diagnosis is presented. The actual measurement principle is based on the anisotropic magnetoresistive effect. The sensing element provides a sine- and a cosine-signal related to the applied magnetic field angle. The signal conditioning algorithm calculates the magnetic field angle from these signals by using the CORDIC algorithm. Additionally, a variety of diagnosis features are implemented in order to ensure a fail-safe operation of the device. The sensor is thus particularly suited for applications under harsh environmental conditions as found in automobiles.
Abgassensoren zur Verbrennungsregelung von Kleinfeuerungsanlagen (Flue Gas Sensors for Combustion Control in Small Furnaces)
Authors: Hoefer Ulrich 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
Abgassensoren, die für die Verbrennungsoptimierung geeignet sind, basieren bisher meist auf der bekannten λ-Sonde aus ZrO2, wie sie in ähnlicher Art massenhaft in Kraftfahrzeugen eingesetzt wird. Für den Einsatz in anderen Verbrennungsprozessen wie z.B. Brennwertkesseln oder anderen Kleinfeuerungsanlagen sind sie aus unterschiedlichen Gründen nicht geeignet. Hier setzt eine Neuentwicklung eines auf Ga2O3 (Galliumoxid) basierenden Halbleitergassensors an, der einige Vorteile in sich vereint und somit das Anwendungsfeld der Verbrennungsoptimierung von Gasbrennwertgeräten und anderen Kleinfeuerungsanlagen erschließt.
Photosensitizers Derived from 132‐Oxo‐methyl Pyropheophorbide‐a: Enhanced Effect of Indium(III) as a Central Metal in In Vitro and In Vivo Photosensitizing Efficacy
Authors: Rosenfeld Andrew , Morgan Janet , Goswami Lalit N. , Ohulchanskyy Tymish , Zheng Xiang , Prasad Paras N. , Oseroff Allan , Pandey Ravindra K. 
Published: November 2005

ABSTRACTThe effects of an additional keto group on absorption wavelength and the corresponding metal complexes Zn(II), Cu(II) In(III) on singlet oxygen production and photodynamic efficacy were examined among the alkyl ether analogs of pyropheophorbide‐a. For the preparation of the desired photosensitizers, the methyl 132‐oxo‐pyropheophorbide‐a obtained by reacting methyl pyropheophorbide‐a with aqueous LiOH‐THF was converted into a series of alkyl ether analogs. These compounds were evaluated for photophysical properties and in vitro (by means of the MTT assay and intracellular localization in RIF cells) and in vivo (in C3H mice implanted with RIF tumors) photosensitizing efficacy. Among the alkyl ether derivatives, the methyl 3‐decyloxyethyl‐3‐devinyl‐132‐oxo‐pyropheophorbide‐a was found to be most effective and the insertion of In(III) into this analog further enhanced its in vitro and in vivo photosensitizing efficacy. Fluorescence microscopy showed that, in contrast to the hexyl and dodecyl ether derivatives of HPPH (which localize in mitochondria and lysosomes, respectively), the diketo‐analogs and their In(III) complexes localized in Golgi bodies. The preliminary in vitro and in vivo results suggest that, in both free‐base and metalated analogs, the introduction of an additional keto group at the five‐member exocyclic ring in pyropheophorbide‐a diminishes its photosensitizing efficacy. This may be due to a shift in subcellular localization from mitochondria to the Golgi bodies. The further introduction of In(III) enhances photoactivity, but not by shifting the localization of the photosensitizer.
Analyzing effects of pesticides on invertebrate communities in streams
Authors: Liess Matthias , Ohe Peter Carsten Von Der 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
The aim of this investigation was to find patterns in aquatic invertebrate community composition that are related to the effects of pesticides. Investigations were carried out in 20 central European streams. To reduce the site-specific variation of community descriptors due to environmental factors other than pesticides, species were classified and grouped according to their vulnerability to pesticides. They were classified as species at risk (SPEAR) and species not at risk (SPEnotAR). Ecological traits used to define these groups were sensitivity to toxicants, generation time, migration ability, and presence of aquatic stages during time of maximum pesticide application. Results showed that measured pesticide concentrations of 1 : 10 of the acute 48-h median lethal concentration (LC50) of Daphnia magna led to a short- and long-term reduction of abundance and number of SPEAR and a corresponding increase in SPEnotAR. Concentrations of 1 : 100 of the acute 48-h LC50 of D. magna correlated with a long-term change of community composition. However, number and abundance of SPEAR in disturbed stream sections are increased greatly when undisturbed stream sections are present in upstream reaches. This positive influence compensated for the negative effect of high concentrations of pesticides through recolonization. The results emphasize the importance of considering ecological traits and recolonization processes on the landscape level for ecotoxicological risk assessment.
Patterns of nestin expression in human skin
Authors: Wang Yun , Zhang Yi , Zeng Yijun , Zheng Yehua , Fu Gang , Cui Zhihong , Yang Tian 
Published: November 2005

AbstractNestin, a member of the sixth class of intermediate filament proteins, has long been known not only as a specific marker for central nervous system stem cells, but also as an indicator of the degree of neural stem cell differentiation. Immunohistochemical analysis showed nestin expression in the epidermis and the upper two‐third of the hair follicle in non‐balding human scalp skin, but not in the lower third of the follicle. Expression was very weak in the sebaceous gland. The level of nestin mRNA transcription was much higher in the bulge region of the follicle than in the sebaceous gland. These results show that the pattern of nestin expression is related to the differentiation of epidermal stem cells.
The supply base and its complexity: Implications for transaction costs, risks, responsiveness, and innovation
Authors: Choi Thomas Y. , Krause Daniel R. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractA supply base is defined as the portion of a supply network that is actively managed by a buying company. The buying company, referred to as the focal company, manages the suppliers in the supply base through contracts and purchasing of parts, materials, and services. To facilitate better management of a supply base, we observe “complexity” as a key area of managerial consideration and apply the literature on complexity to the supply base. Supply base complexity is conceptualized in three dimensions: (1) the number of suppliers in the supply base, (2) the degree of differentiation among these suppliers, and (3) the level of inter‐relationships among the suppliers. Four propositions have been formulated in terms of four major areas of research within supply chain management—transaction costs, supply risk, supplier responsiveness, and supplier innovation. Corollary propositions are also stated. Although a reduction in complexity may lead to lower transaction costs and increased supplier responsiveness, in certain circumstances it may also increase supply risk and reduce supplier innovation. Therefore, reducing supply base complexity in general may be a cost‐efficient approach, but blindly reducing it may potentially decrease the buying company's overall competitiveness.
Preapplication of Mitomycin C for Enhanced Patency of Myringotomy
Authors: Estrem Scott A. , Baker Terry J. 
Published: November 2005

OBJECTIVESVentilation tubes are the mainstay of surgical treatment for eustachian tube dysfunction and have been used successfully for many years. Certain disadvantages of ventilation tubes, however, have prompted research into alternative techniques including laser myringotomy. We investigated the use of KTP laser myringotomy in conjunction with topical mitomycin C to delay healing and prolong the patency of the myringotomy.METHODSTwenty myringotomies were created in 10 Sprague‐Dawley rats. A solution of mitomycin C was applied to the intact tympanic membrane for 15 minutes. The solution was then suctioned free, and a myringotomy was created with a KTP laser. Fifty‐three rats with saline application serving as controls from a previous study were used to allow statistical assessment.RESULTSThe myringotomies remained open for a median of 9.5 weeks. Control myringotomies, which received saline solution instead of mitomycin C, healed within a median of 1.5 weeks. The difference was statistically significant at P < 0.0001. No complications were noted.CONCLUSIONTopically administered mitomycin C before laser myringotomy is effective in prolonging the patency of laser myringotomies in rats. The patency rate is similar to that achieved in experiments in which topical mitomycin C is placed into the myringotomy site created by the laser.
Diagnosis and treatment of uncomplicated acute bacterial rhinosinusitis: Summary of the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research evidence‐based report
Authors: Benninger Michael S. , Holzer Susan E. Sedory , Lau Joseph 
Published: November 2005

PURPOSEThe goal was to critically examine evidence regarding the performance of diagnostic tests and the efficacy of antibiotic and other treatments for uncomplicated acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABR).METHODSScientific literature was reviewed, and meta‐analysis methods were used to assess diagnostic test and antibiotic efficacy. A decision analysis and cost‐effective analysis were performed.RESULTSAlthough more sensitive than clinical examination for diagnosis of ABR, sinus radiograms are not cost‐effective as an initial management strategy. Antibiotics reduce the incidence of clinical failures by one half compared to no treatment and, when coupled with clinical criteria‐based diagnosis, present the most cost‐effective treatment strategy. However, without antibiotics, symptoms in two thirds of patients improve by 14 days with no serious complications. The risk of treatment failure does not differ significantly between amoxicillin or folate inhibitors and newer, more expensive antibiotics.CONCLUSIONSThe current literature shows that treatment of uncomplicated ABR with amoxicillin or folate inhibitors and based on clinical criteria is the most cost‐effective strategy. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000;122:1‐7.)
Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in young adults: Increasing incidence and factors that predict treatment outcomes
Authors: Myers Jeffrey N. , Elkins Tina , Roberts Dianna , Byers Robert M. 
Published: November 2005

OBJECTIVEThis study was designed to determine whether the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue (SCCOT) in young adults has changed during the past 25 years and to determine prognostic factors for young adult patients (aged < 40 years) with SCCOT.METHODS AND PATIENTSA retrospective review of young adults with SCCOT who sought treatment at the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center between 1973 and 1995 was undertaken.RESULTSThe percentage of young adult SCCOT patients at M. D. Anderson increased from 4% in 1971 to 18% in 1993. T stage, N stage, perineural invasion, and lymphatic invasion were all associated with decreased survival. Patients who received a neck dissection as part of their primary treatment had a better chance of survival than patients who did not.CONCLUSIONSThe incidence of SCCOT in the young adult population is increasing in the United States. Appropriate surgical management for young adults with SCCOT includes resection of the primary tumor along with a selective node dissection. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000;122:44‐51.)
Expression of nm23 antimetastatic gene product in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Song Angie U. , Mais Daniel D. , Groo Stephen , Wright James R. , Yoshida Glen Y. 
Published: November 2005

The nm23 gene has been implicated as a suppressor gene involved in the control of the metastatic process of malignant cells. Reduced levels of nm23 gene product have been found in tumor cells with high metastatic potential such as several types of rodent tumors and human breast, colorectal, and lung carcinoma. This pilot study examines the expression of the nm23 gene product compared with nodal status in 70 consecutive patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Immunohistochemical staining was carried out on these tumor tissues with a monoclonal antibody to nm23‐H1 peptide sequence. The tissues were scored from 0 to 2 by 2 independent observers. Reduced immunoreactivity, grades 0 and 1, was observed in 30 patients with positive nodal status (N = 34, 88%). Strong immunoreactivity, grade 2, was observed in 20 patients with negative nodal status (N = 36, 56%). Reduced expression of nm23 gene product was observed in patients with positive lymph node metastasis (P = 0.0006, χ2). However, no significant differences in survival of these groups based on nm23 expression could be shown with the Kaplan‐Meier analysis. This initial finding in the difference of nm23 gene product expression in patients with differing lymph node status is exciting but must be further validated with future studies. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000;122:96‐9.)
Outcomes after discontinuing immunotherapy for allergic fungal sinusitis
Authors: Mabry Richard L. , Marple Bradley F. , Mabry Cynthia S. 
Published: November 2005

Although the treatment of allergic fungal sinusitis with specific immunotherapy after surgical intervention has proved successful, the question of what happens when such injections are discontinued remains unanswered. In this initial, admittedly small series, no recurrence has been noted in follow‐up of 7 to 17 months. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000;122:104‐6.)
Effects of dimethylthiourea, melatonin, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the survival of reimplanted rabbit auricular composite grafts
Authors: Lim Alan A. Tan , Wall Maryann P. , Greinwald John H. 
Published: November 2005

Microvascular reconstruction currently offers the best chance of survival for an ear segment reimplanted after amputation. Unfortunately, this technique is possible only when ear and scalp vessels remain intact. Direct reattachment of the amputated segment as a composite graft is less reliable because survival is poor for grafts larger than 2 cm in diameter. However, if survival could be improved, direct reattachment would be an attractive alternative in situations in which microsurgical revascularization is not possible. Certain pharmacologic agents have been shown to enhance the survival of composite grafts. This study demonstrated that hyperbaric oxygen, dimethylthiourea, and melatonin significantly affected the survival of reimplanted auricular composite grafts at day 7. However, by day 21 the average percentage of survival for all groups approached 13% to 14%. Dimethylthiourea had the most beneficial effect on survival early in the postoperative period, whereas the hyperbaric oxygen group demonstrated the poorest survival.
Posturography does not Test Vestibulospinal Function
Authors: EVANS MARY K. , KREBS DAVID E. 
Published: November 2005

The clinical usefulness of posturography is unknown, despite its costing more than $500 per test in some areas of the United States, including Boston. We cross‐sectionally and prospectively studied blinded vestibulo‐ocular and vestibulospinal tests from 29 stable patients with chronic vestibular hypofunction; 22 patients were affected bilaterally (BVH), and 7 were affected unilaterally (UVH). Vestibulo‐ocular function was assessed by electronystagmo‐graphic caloric stimulation and sinusoidal vertical axis rotation gains at 0.05 Hz. Vestibulospinal function was assessed by moving‐platform and visual‐surround posturography sensory organization tests (SOTs), paced and free gait in a gait laboratory, and clinical tests of timed gait and standing. Posturography SOT moving‐platform tests 4 through 6, designed to assess vestibular function, correlated significantly (r≤ 0.72, P ≥ 0.01) with vestibulo‐ocular tests in 5 of 6 comparisons among BVH patients. Posturography SOT results, however, correlated poorly with other vestibulospinal measures: correlations were statistically significant for only 7 of 18 comparisons with clinical balance and gait function (r ≤ 0.69, P ≥ 0.01) and with 2 of 12 comparisons for gait laboratory dynamic stability measures (r ≤ 0.55, P ≥ 0.01) among the BVH patients. When both the platform and visual surround moved (SOT 6), however, correlations were statistically significant with static standing clinical measures (r = 0.51 to 0.69, P < 0.01) and with whole‐body maximum moment arm during paced gait (r= 0.55, P< 0.01). Posturography scores for the UVH patients did not significantly correlate with any vestibulo‐ocular or other vestibulospinal measures. These data indicate that among patients with BVH posturography SOT scores relate at best modestly with accepted measures of vestibulo‐ocular function, less well with clinical measures of balance control, and poorly with dynamic gait‐performance measures. We conclude that posturography SOT does not assess vestibulospinal function.
Detection of the Nasal Cycle with Acoustic Rhinometry: Techniques and Applications
Authors: GUNGOR ANIL , MOINUDDIN RIZWAN , NELSON ROBERT H. , COREY JACQUELYNNE P. 
Published: November 2005

Acoustic rhinometry is an appropriate method for detecting and recording the nasal cycle in normal subjects in terms of the cross‐sectional areas and volume of the nasal cavity. In this study, we tried to detect and to define the nasal cycle in normal subjects so that we might develop a reliable and reproducible technique to be used in conjunction with studies on the physiology and pathology of nasal disease. We used normal volunteer adult subjects and performed bilateral acoustic rhinometry measurements every 15 minutes over 4 hours, along with the use of a visual analog scale for assessment of the subjective feeling of congestion (or patency) just before each acoustic rhinometry measurement. Volume and cross‐sectional area changes were observed along with subjective patency‐score changes in each subject. The subjective feeling of patency was not related to the volume and cross‐sectional area changes measured simultaneously. The technique of recording the nasal cycle with acoustic rhinometry in nasal research is presented.