bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resveratrol protects against 4‐HNE induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts
Authors: Kutuk Ozgur , Adli Mazhar , Poli Giuseppe , Basaga Huveyda 
Published: December 2008

AbstractHere we report on the marked protective effect of resveratrol on 4‐hydroxynonenal (4‐HNE) induced oxidative stress and apoptotic death in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts. 4‐HNE, one of the major aldehydic products of the peroxidation of membrane w‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, has been suggested to contribute to oxidant stress mediated cell injury. Indeed, in vitro treatment of 3T3 fibroblasts with 4‐HNE induced a condition of oxidative stress as monitored by the oxidation of dichlorofluorescein diacetate; this reaction was prevented when cells were pretreated with resveratrol. Further, 4‐HNE‐treated fibroblasts eventually underwent apoptotic death as determined by differential staining and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Resveratrol pretreatment also prevented 4‐HNE induced DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. These observations are consistent with a potential role of lipid peroxidation‐derived products in programmed cell death and demonstrate that resveratrol can counteract this effect by quenching cell oxidative stress.
Prevention of diabetic nephropathy by treatment with astaxanthin in diabetic db/db mice
Authors: Naito Yuji , Uchiyama Kazuhiko , Aoi Wataru , Hasegawa Goji , Nakamura Naoto , Yoshida Norimasa , Maoka Takashi , Takahashi Jiro , Yoshikawa Toshikazu 
Published: December 2008

AbstractOxidative stress is implicated as an important mechanism by which diabetes causes nephropathy. Astaxanthin, which is found as a common pigment in algae, fish, and birds, is a carotenoid with significant potential for antioxidative activity. In this study, we examined whether chronic administration of astaxanthin could prevent the progression of diabetic nephropathy induced by oxidative stress in mice. We used female db/db mice, a rodent model of type 2 diabetes, and their non‐diabetic db/m littermates. The mice were divided into three groups as follows: non‐diabetic db/m, diabetic db/db, and diabetic db/db treated with astaxanthin. Blood glucose level, body weight, urinary albumin, and urinary 8‐hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) were measured during the experiments. Histological and 8‐OHdG immunohistochemical studies were performed for 12 weeks from the beginning of treatment. After 12 weeks of treatment, the astaxanthin‐treated group showed a lower level of blood glucose compared with the non‐treated db/db group; however, both groups had a significantly high level compared with the db/m mice. The relative mesangial area calculated by the mesangial area/total glomerular area ratio was significantly ameliorated in the astaxanthin‐treated group compared with the non‐treated db/db group. The increases in urinary albumin and 8‐OHdG at 12 weeks of treatment were significantly inhibited by chronic treatment with astaxanthin. The 8‐OHdG immunoreactive cells in glomeruli of non‐treated db/db mice were more numerous than in the astaxanthin‐treated db/db mice. In this study, treatment with astaxanthin ameliorated the progression and acceleration of diabetic nephropathy in the rodent model of type 2 diabetes. The results suggested that the antioxidative activity of astaxanthin reduced the oxidative stress on the kidneys and prevented renal cell damage. In conclusion, administration of astaxanthin might be a novel approach for the prevention of diabetes nephropathy.
Selenium deficiency impairs corticosterone and leptin responses to adrenocorticotropin in the rat
Authors: Chanoine Jean‐Pierre , Wong Alfred C.K. , Lavoie Jean‐Claude 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSelenium deficiency causes oxidative stress and impairs steroidogenesis in vitro. Leptin is closely related to the hypothalamo‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis. Leptin inhibits the HPA axis at the central level while corticosteroids have been shown to stimulate leptin secretion in most studies. We hypothesized that oxidative stress impairs adrenal steroidogenesis and decreases leptin production in vivo. The goal of this study was to investigate in rats the effects of selenium deficiency and oxidative stress on adrenal function and on leptin concentrations.Weanling rats were fed a selenium‐deficient (Se‐) or selenium‐sufficient (Se+) diet for 4–10 weeks. Selenium deficiency caused a marked decrease in liver (≥ 99%) and adrenal (≥ 81%) glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. Selenium deficiency did not affect basal and short‐term adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) stimulated corticosterone or leptin concentrations. In contrast, after long‐term ACTH stimulation, selenium deficiency caused a doubling in adrenal isoprostane content and blunted the increase in corticosterone and leptin concentrations observed in Se+ animals. Plasma leptin concentrations were 50% lower in Se‐ compared to Se+ animals following long‐term ACTH. Our results suggest that oxidative stress causes a decrease in circulating corticosterone in response to ACTH, and, as a consequence, a decrease in plasma leptin concentrations.
Study of factors affecting binding of zinc with albumin at physiological zinc concentrations
Authors: Agte V.V. , Nagmote R.V. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAlbumin has very high affinity for many organic and inorganic compounds that may influence albumin bound Zn (ABZn). To get insight of these molecular interactions, the effect of riboflavin, nicotinic acid, thiamine, folic acid, pyruvic acid and glucose on ABZn were studied. The ABZn was separated from the unbound zinc using equilibrium dialysis and estimated using atomic absorption spectrometer. At therapeutic zinc concentrations, folic acid and thiamine significantly enhanced the ABZn (p< 0.010), while nicotinic acid inhibited zinc binding to albumin. Folic acid was found to enhance the ABZn also at lower zinc concentrations representing physiological levels of plasma zinc (138–150 micromoles) (p< 0.05).
Plasma membrane oxidoreductase activity in cultured cells in relation to mitochondrial function and oxidative stress
Authors: Deleonardi Giulia , Biondi Annalisa , D'Aurelio Marilena , Pich Milena Merlo , Stankov Karmen , Falasca Anna , Formiggini Gabriella , Bovina Carla , Romeo Giovanni , Lenaz Giorgio 
Published: December 2008

AbstractDichlorophenol indophenol (DCIP) reduction by intracellualr pyridine nucleotides was investigated in two different lines of cultured cells characterized by enhanced production of reacive oxygen species (ROS) with respect to suitable controls. The first line denominated XTC‐UC1 was derived from a metastasis of an oxyphilic thyroid tumor characterized by mitochondrial hyperplasia and compared with a line (B‐CPAP) derived from a papillary thyroid carcinoma with normal mitochondrial mass. The second line (170 MN) was a cybrid line derived from ρ0 cells from an osteosarcoma line (143B) fused with platelets from a patient with a nucleotide 9957 mutation in mitochondrial DNA (encoding for cytochrome c oxidase subunit III) in comparison with the parent 143B line. The experimental lines had no major decreases of electron transfer activities with respect to the controls; both of them, however, exhibited an increased peroxide production.The XTC‐UC1 cell line exhibited enhanced activity with respect to control of dicoumarol‐sensitive DCIP reduction, identified with membrane bound DT‐diaphorase, whereas dicoumarol insensitive DCIP reduction was not significantly changed. On the other hand the mtDNA mutated cybrids exhibited a strong increase of both dicoumarol sensitive and insensitive DCIP reduction.The results suggest that enhanced oxidative stress and not deficient respiratory activity per se is the stimulus triggering over‐expression of plasma membrane oxidative enzymes.
Studies on action of menaquinone‐7 in regulation of bone metabolism and its preventive role of osteoporosis
Authors: Tsukamoto Yoshinori 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe effect of menaquinone‐7 (MK‐7) on bone components and bone resorbing factors induced‐bone resorption using the femoral‐diaphyseal and ‐ metaphyseal tissues obtained from elderly female rats in vitro were examined. Calcium content, alkaline phosphatase activity and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the diaphyseal and metaphyseal tissues in elderly females rats were significantly decreased as compared with that of young rats, indicating that aging causes a deterioration of bone formation. The presence of MK‐7 (10−6−10−5 M) caused a significant prevention of reduction of biochemical components. On the other hand, the bone‐resorbing factor, parathyroid hormone (1–34) (PTH; 10−7 M) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2; 10−5 M) caused a significant decrease in calcium content in the diaphyseal and metaphyseal tissues. This decreases was completely inhibited in the presence of MK‐7 (10−7−10−5 M). In addition, MK‐7 (10−7−10−5 M) completely prevented the PTH (10−7 M) or PGE2 (10−5 M) induced increases in medium glucose consumption and lactic acid production by bone tissues, Furthermore, the effect of the prolonged intake of dietary MK‐7 on bone loss in ovariectomized rats was investigated. As a result, it was found that the intake of experimental diets containing the fermented soybean (natto) with supplemental MK‐7 caused significant elevations of MK‐7 and γ‐carboxylated osteocalcin concentration, a bio marker of bone formation, in the serum of both ovariectomized rats and normal subjects, suggesting that MK‐7 may play an important role in the prevention of age‐related bone loss.
Effect of phytate‐removal and deamidation of soybean proteins on calcium absorption in the in situ rats
Authors: Kumagai Hitomi , Koizumi Atsushi , Sato Noriko , Ishikawa Yukako , Suda Akihiro , Sakurai Hidetoshi , Kumagai Hitoshi 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSoybean proteins were deamidated by cation‐exchange resins after phytate, the inhibitor for calcium absorption from the small intestine, was removed in order to provide the enhancement function of calcium absorption to soybean proteins. About 92% of the phosphorus was removed from the soybean proteins by anion‐exchange‐resin treatment, indicating that most of the phytate was removed. About 70% of the acid amide was deamidated by cation‐exchange‐resin treatment, and phytate‐removed and deamidated soybean proteins (PrDS) having high calcium binding properties were obtained. PrDS were hydrolyzed by digestive enzymes and their calcium‐binding properties and the enhancement function of the calcium absorption from the small intestine of rats were examined. As a result, PrDS retained their high calcium binding properties even after hydrolysis by digestive enzymes. in situ experiments showed that PrDS and their hydrolysates enhanced the calcium absorption from the intestine.
Effect of dietary protein level and source on bone mineralization in rats
Authors: Gralak M. A. , Piastowska A. W. , Leontowicz H. , Leontowicz M. , Antczak A. , Kulasek G. W. , Szara T. , Narojek T. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBone mineralization was studied in rats. Animals were divided into three feeding groups: LCP ‐ diet with 13.5% crude protein in DM (5% of gluten, 10% of casein), HCP ‐ diet with 21.2% CP in DM (8% of gluten, 10% of casein), and LSM ‐ diet based on grain meals and meat‐bone meal (21% CP in DM). After 28 days feeding, animals were euthanased by cervical dislocation and femur bones were collected, weighed and kept frozen until analyses. Diets with 21% protein (HCP, LSM) significantly increased weight of femur bones. Despite of the substantially higher ash level (7.1%) in the LSM diet than in the LCP diet (3.4%), rats of both groups had the similar bone concentration of Ca (15.7 ± 1.1 vs. 17.4 ± 1.1 g/kg) and Zn (178.7 ± 7.9 vs. 173.0 ± 8.5 mg/kg). However bone density in LSM rats was significantly higher than in LCP ones. Although rats fed HCP diet had intermediate bone density, the bone concentration of Ca (11.4 ± 0.5 g/kg) and Zn (145.1 ± 2.9 mg/kg) was significantly lower, than in animals fed LCP and LSM diets. This was related to the very wide protein/calcium (37:1 g/g) and protein/zinc (5.3:1 g/mg) ratios in HCP diet. Those ratios were narrowest in the LSM diet: 16.2:1 (CP/Ca) and 2.6:1 (CP/Zn). It can be conluded that protein/mineral ratio in a diet is a very important factor in bone development, besides dietary protein and ash contents itselves.
Effect of dietary calcium: Phosphorus ratio on bone mineralization and intestinal calcium absorption in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Koshihara Moyuru , Masuyama Ritsuko , Uehara Mariko , Suzuki Kazuharu 
Published: December 2008

AbstractWe investigated the effect of dietary calcium:phosphorus (Ca:P) ratio on bone mineralization and intestinal Ca absorption in ovariectomized (OVX) rat models of osteoporosis and sham‐operated rats. Thirty 12‐wk‐old female Wistar rats were divided into three groups of OVX rats and three groups of sham rats. Thirty days after the adaptation period, OVX rats and sham rats were fed a diet formulated Ca:P, 1:0.5, 1:1 or 1:2 (each diet containing 0.5% Ca), respectively for 42 d. In both sham and OVX rats, serum osteocalcin, a marker of bone turnover, was increased by decreasing Ca:P ratio (1:2). In contrast, rats fed the Ca:P = 1:0.5 diet (dietary P restriction) suppressed the increased serum parathyroid hormone, osteocalcin and urinary deoxypyridinoline, and increased Ca absorption in both sham and OVX rats compared to the Ca:P = 1:1 and 1:2 diets. Especially, in OVX rats, the decreased bone mineral density of the fifth lumbar was also suppressed when rats were fed the Ca:P = 1:0.5 diet. These results indicated that the elevation of dietary Ca:P ratio may inhibit bone loss and increase intestinal Ca absorption in OVX rats.
The influence of antineoplastic chemotherapy on the glutathione enzymes activity in the blood
Authors: Kopañski Z. , Grabowska M. , Kosiniak‐Kamysz A. , Bertrandt J. , Kołodziejski L. , Opoka W. , Schlegel‐Zawadzka M. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe analysis included 78 patients (42 men and 36 women) aged 48 to 67 years treated with cytostatics because of a neoplastic disease. In all the patients examined was evaluated the influence of the chemotherapy carried out on the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities. It was confirmed that the effect of the action on the glutathione enzymes (GE) activity of the antineoplastic chemotherapy changes depending on the duration of the treatment with cytostatics. In the end this activity settles at a high level, statistically significantly higher than that registered before the beginning of the antineoplastic treatment. The increase of the GE activity is mainly favoured by the chemotherapy following the schemes FAC (5‐fluorouracyl + doxorubicin + endoxan) and PAC (cisplatin + cyclofosfamide + pharmorubicin).
Inhibitory effect of esculin on oxidative DNA damage and carcinogenesis induced by N‐nitrosobis(2‐oxopropyl)amine in hamster pancreas
Authors: Kaneko Takao , Tahara Shoichi , Takabayashi Fumiyo , Harada Noboru 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe effects of esculin, a natural coumarin compound, on the formation of 8‐ox O2−′‐deoxyguanosine (8‐oxodG) and carcinogenesis induced by a chemical carcinogen, N‐nitrosobis(2‐oxopropyl)amine (BOP), were examined in the pancreas of female Syrian golden hamsters. Animals were given a diet containing esculin for 7 days, and killed 4h after BOP treatment, and the contents of 8‐oxodG were measured in the nuclear DNA of the pancreas. Esculin suppressed significantly the increase in the 8‐oxodG content of hamster pancreas induced by BOP. Furthermore, the effect of esculin on the rapid production model experiment for pancreatic carcinogenesis using BOP was investigated. Esculin was given ad libitum as a 0.05% aqueous solution during either the initiation or promotion phases. The incidence of invasive tumors in animals given esculin during the initiation phase was significantly lower than in the control group, while the incidence in animals given esculin during the promotion phase showed no significant change. These results suggest that the intake of esculin has an inhibitory effect on BOP‐induced oxidative DNA damage and carcinogenesis in hamster pancreas.
Anti‐clastogenic ingredients in Cassia nomame extract
Authors: Konishi Taiji , Naitou Kazufumi , Kadowaki Shin‐Ichi , Takahara Yoshinori , Yamamoto Koji 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe suppressing effect of the hot‐water extract of Cassia nomame (Sieb.) HONDA was studied on the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster ovary K1 (CHO‐K1) cells. CHO‐K1 cells were pretreated with 2.5 μM Mitomycin C (MMC) for 1 h and incubated with or without the extract in medium for 10–24 h. The frequency of chromosome aberrations in observed 100 metaphase cells was significantly lower with the extract than that without the extract. Moreover, the suppressing effect of the four fractions collected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was also examined on the same procedure. The frequency of cells with chromosome aberrations in cells cultured with each collected fraction was lower than in those without the extract. The suppressing effect of the collected fractions on chromosomal aberrations, however, was less than that of the total extract. This result suggests that the ingredients which have the suppressing effect of chromosomal aberrations are also contained in the other fraction of the extract.
Antimutagenicity of Japanese traditional herbs, gennoshoko, yomogi, senburi and iwa‐tobacco
Authors: Hiramatsu Naoko , Xiufen Wang , Takechi Ryusuke , Itoh Yoshimi , Mamo John , Pal Sebely 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe multistage induction theory is generally regarded as the mechanism of carcinogenesis. In order to prevent the initiation stage of carcinogenesis, it is meaningful to discover the functional components of edible plants. The objective of this research was to test the antimutagenicity of the functional components of several typical traditional herbs used in Japan. The traditional herbs, gennoshoko (Geranium nepalense var. thunbergii), yomogi (Artemisia vulgaris var. indica), senburi (Swertia japonica), iwa‐tobacco (Conandron ramondioides), sarunokoshikake (Elfvingia applanata), kanzo (Glycyeehiza uralensis Fisch) and matatabi (Actinidia polygama) were examined by Ames mutagenesis assay test with Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 against mutagens, Trp‐P‐1, Trp‐P‐2 and B(a)P. The water‐soluble components or volatile oil of the herbs were extracted in boiling water. The extracts of gennoshoko showed strong antimutagenicity against B(a)P with S. typhimurium TA98 and TA100, as well as Trp‐P‐1 and Trp‐P‐2 with S. typhimurium TA98. Yomogi, senburi and iwa‐tobacco were also proved to have good antimutagenicity against Trp‐P‐1 and Trp‐P‐2 with S. typhimurium TA98, but weaker antimutagenicity against B(a)P. Other herbs did not show any obvious antimutagenicity against these mutagens. In addition, the volatile oil of yomogi also had remarkable antimutagenic effect against the mutagens we used with S. typhimurium TA98.
Effects of lactoferrin, soya germ and polyamine on 2‐amino‐1‐methyl‐6‐ phenylimidazo[4,5‐b]‐pyridine(PhIP)‐ induced breast carcinogenesis in rats
Authors: Haba Ryota , Watanabe Shaw , Wada Masahiro , Udaka Shigezo 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe cancer‐preventive effects of food‐derived bovine lactoferrin(bLF), isoflavone‐rich soya germ(SG), and spermidine(SPD) on mammary gland carcinogenesis induced by 2‐amino‐1‐ methyl‐6‐phenylimidazo[4,5‐b]‐pyridine (PhIP), were investigated in female Sprague‐Dawley(SD) rats. Two hundred and six female SD rats were divided into 8 groups. Cumulative breast cancer incidence at 43 weeks was 65.4% in the PhIP group; 80.0% and 76.0% in the 0.2% and 2.0% bLF groups, respectively; 58.3% and 20.0% in the 2% and 10% SG groups, respectively; and 80.0% and 76.9% in the 0.035% and 0.175% SPD groups, respectively. Isoflavone‐rich SG significantly suppressed breast cancer, and the tumors showed fibrous or less malignant features upon histological examination.
Enhancement of insulin sensitivity in adipocytes by ginger
Authors: Sekiya Keizo , Ohtani Atsuko , Kusano Shuichi 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAntidiabetic and hypoglycemic drugs have been reported to enhance adipocyte differentiation of 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes. We previously reported that ginseng (active constituents: ginsenosides) enhanced the differentiation [1]. In this experiment, effect of some ginger group food extracts on the adipocyte differentiation was investigated using cultured mouse 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes. 3T3‐L1 cells were grown as monolayer cultures at 37°C in DMEM supplemented by 10% FBS under the atmosphere of 5% CO2‐95% air. Ginger extracts were found to enhance the adipocyte differentiation. Active constituent was purified and identified as gingerol. In the gingerol‐treated cells, insulin‐sensitive glucose uptake was increased. It is expected that ginger enhance the insulin‐sensitivity, and improve chronic disease, such as diabetes.
Antihypertensive effect of γ‐amino butyric acid enriched soy products in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Shizuka F. , Kido Y. , Nakazawa T. , Kitajima H. , Aizawa C. , Kayamura H. , Ichijo N. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe effect of γ‐amino butyric acid (GABA)‐enriched soybean on blood pressure was investigated in male spontaneously hypertensive rats. Ten‐week‐old rats were given diets containing graded levels of GABA‐enriched soybean powder for 8 weeks. The systolic blood pressure in rats fed 0.15% GABA diet was significantly lower at 1st week and maintained lower values for 4 weeks as compared with 0% GABA controls. No effect on blood pressure was found in those of 0.03 and 0.3% GABA. The results suggest that there exist appropriate dietary GABA level to get the blood pressure lowering effect.
Phytosterols and lecithin do not have an additive effect in lowering plasma and hepatic cholesterol levels in diet‐induced hypercholesterolemic rats
Authors: Shin Jonghyun , Kim Yun Jung , Choi Myung‐Sook , Woo Dong‐Ho , Park Taesun 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBoth plant sterols and lecithin are used as dietary supplements for lowering blood cholesterol in Western countries. This study evaluated the possibility of an additive effect of these ingredients on the regulation of lipid concentrations and cholesterol metabolism. Male Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups, and fed one of the following diets for 5 weeks; high cholesterol diet (HCD), phytosterol mixture‐supplemented diet (PD, HCD+0.25% phytosterols), or phytosterol mixture and lecithin‐supplemented diet (PLD, PD+0.15% lecithin). Feeding the PD for 5 weeks resulted in a 34% and 41% decrease in plasma total‐ and VLDL+LDL‐cholesterol levels, respectively, and a 23% decrease in hepatic cholesterol content compared to those for the HCD rats (p < 0.05). These cholesterol‐lowering properties of the phytosterol mixture were also associated with the down‐regulation of hepatic acyl CoA:cholesterol acytransferase (ACAT) activity (p < 0.05). Addition of lecithin plus phytosterol mixture to the hypercholesterolemic diet did not significantly affect blood and hepatic lipid concentrations (with the exception of 36% decrease in hepatic triglyceride level, p < 0.05) as well as hepatic ACAT activity compared to feeding the hypercholesterolemic diet supplemented with phytosterol alone. These results indicate that combining lecithin, at a 0.15% level, with a phytosterol mixture‐supplemented diet does not exhibit an additive effect in regulating hepatic ACAT activity or lowering blood cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic rats.