bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implications of Temperature for the Modification of High-Overmature Shale Reservoirs: Experimental and Numerical Analysis
Authors: Chen Xiangru , Tang Xin , Liu Cheng , Zhou Xiaoyi , Guo Sen , Yin Hong 
Published: April 2024

Summary
High-temperature pore reconstruction technology is a reservoir reconstruction measure that has emerged in recent years. It is of great significance to study the variation in pore structure characteristics of shale under high temperature for reservoir reconstruction. To study the effect of high temperature on shale pores, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) experiments and fluid injection experiments were used to analyze the variation of pore structure characteristics under high temperature. Studies have shown that temperature has a great influence on the morphology and distribution characteristics of shale pores. In particular, there is a temperature between 300°C and 400°C that is suitable for modifying pores. The distribution characteristics, surface area, and volume of pores vary dramatically under this temperature threshold. The pore morphology and distribution characteristics changed from small and sparse to large and dense. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area increased by 95%. The cumulative surface area of Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) adsorption and desorption increased by 71.7% and 72%, respectively. The pore volume of the 2-nm to 20-nm pore size increased by 63.2%. The pore volume of pore sizes greater than 20 nm increased by 191.6%. The pore variation characteristics were in line with the typing law, and the fitting result R2 ranged from 0.92201 to 0.99882.
Purification of pesticide-rich wastewater 2,6-dichlorophenol in solar photo-oxidation reactor with visible light
Authors: Abodlal Ribh , dessouky ali , tawfik ahmed , Akel Tarek , elhelow ehab , said mahmoud , nasr Mohamed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
2,6-Dichlorophenol (2,6-DCP), a compound used for synthesizing medical and pharmaceutical agents, is highly toxic and potentially carcinogenic. Advanced oxidation has been used for the cleavage of strong bonds in 2,6-DCP, giving a reliable and practical option compared with the conventional wastewater treatment systems. Hence, this study focused on the application of a solar photo-oxidation process to treat herbicides wastewater containing 2,6-DCP. Bismuth chloride was combined with biochar to maintain the dual benefits of 2,6-DCP adsorption and degradation concomitantly. The O–Bi–O and Bi–O bonds were successfully detected in the synthesized Bi12O17Cl2, whereas the synergetic effect between Bi12O17Cl2 and biochar was validated by increasing the carbon-based functional groups, reducing particle size (14–32 nm), and creating more active sites of the composite. The initial 2,6-DCP concentration of 122 mg/L was reduced to 17 mg/L (86.0% removal efficiency) within 6 h of photodegradation at a pH of 2.3 and a catalyst dosage of 100 mg/L. Concurrently, the phenol concentration in the aqueous solution increased from 4.7 to 32.4 mg/L, respectively. Reusing the photocatalytic reactions three times by the biochar/Bi12O17Cl2 composite reduced the 2,6-DCP removal efficiency by only 7.7%. Biochar exhibited an adsorption energy of -14.8 kJ/mol to capture 2,6-DCP, and it accumulated photo-excited electrons that react with adsorbed oxygen and/or dissolved oxygen to generate super oxygen radicals (•O2−). Super hydroxyl radicals (•OH) could also be generated from the positive holes (h+) in the valence band of Bi12O17Cl2. These radicals could cleave C–Cl bonds of 2,6-DCP, generating Cl− ions, dechlorinated product 2-CP, and phenols. The treatment of wastewater containing 2,6-DCP by the proposed biochar-based photocatalyst could cost 10.3 USD/m3.
Outpatient surgery and unplanned overnight admission in bilateral inguinal hernia repair: a population-based study
Authors: Hidalgo Nils Jimmy , Guillaumes Salvador , Llompart-Coll M. Magdalena , González-Atienza Paula , Bachero Irene , Momblán Dulce , Vidal Óscar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The use of outpatient surgery in inguinal hernia is heterogeneous despite clinical recommendations. This study aimed to analyze the utilization trend of outpatient surgery for bilateral inguinal hernia repair (BHIR) in Spain and identify the factors associated with outpatient surgery choice and unplanned overnight admission.
Methods
A retrospective observational study of patients undergoing BIHR from 2016 to 2021 was conducted. The clinical-administrative database of the Spanish Ministry of Health RAE-CMBD was used. Patient characteristics undergoing outpatient and inpatient surgery were compared. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with outpatient surgery choice and unplanned overnight admission.
Results
A total of 30,940 RHIBs were performed; 63% were inpatient surgery, and 37% were outpatient surgery. The rate of outpatient surgery increased from 30% in 2016 to 41% in 2021 (p < 0.001). Higher rates of outpatient surgery were observed across hospitals with a higher number of cases per year (p < 0.001). Factors associated with outpatient surgery choice were: age under 65 years (OR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.92–2.11), hospital volume (OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.47–1.72), primary hernia (OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.71–2.08), and laparoscopic surgery (OR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.39–1.56). Comorbidities were negatively associated with outpatient surgery. Open surgery was associated (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.09–1.47) with unplanned overnight admission.
Conclusions
Outpatient surgery for BHIR has increased in recent years but is still low. Older age and comorbidities were associated with lower rates of outpatient surgery. However, the laparoscopic repair was associated with increased outpatient surgery and lower unplanned overnight admission.
Cardioprotection effect with sevoflurane only provides limited clinical value during off-pump coronary artery surgery: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shuai Yichun , Liu Yan , Wang Xin , Wan Qiaoqian , Li Zhijian , Wu Jinzheng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective: Effects of sevoflurane and propofol anesthesia on cardioprotective and postoperative recovery were compared in patients with off-pump coronary bypass surgery.
Methods: Preoperative and postoperative myocardial enzymes, other blood
biochemical indexes and clinical outcome were retrospectively analyzed.
Results: Compared with the propofol group, the serum concentration of troponin I (1.19 ± 2.68 ng/mL vs 0.24 ± 0.52 ng/mL, p=0.018) and the brain natriuretic peptide (713.19 ± 849.31 pg/dL vs 403.78 ± 237.23 pg/dL, p=0.017) were significantly lower in sevoflurane group, the postoperative clinical outcome was not significantly different between the two groups.
Conclusion: Sevoflurane was used for anesthesia maintenance could reduce the serum level of cTnI and BNP after off-pump coronary bypass surgery, but the values of clinical outcome were limited.
Assessment of heavy metal(loid) contents of clay bricks manufactured and utilized as structural building material in Türkiye
Authors: Turhan Şeref , Duran Celalettin , Hançerlioğulları Aybaba , Bakır Temal Kan , Altuner Ergin Murat , Kurnaz Aslı , Ünal Sabri 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) originating from natural and anthropogenic activities can have toxic effects on humans even at low concentrations. Clay bricks (CBs), generally produced by mixing clay and water, are formed by firing the air-dried mixture to make them durable and stable. During firing, the CB suffers some chemical and physical changes and turns into a new artificial material. CBs, known as masonry units, have been one of the most used building materials throughout the history of construction. CB may naturally contain HMs depending on the geochemical structure of the clay used in the production phase. In this study, major and minor oxides and HM distributions in forty-five CB samples collected from thirty-one CB factories that provide approximately one-third of the CB utilized in buildings in Türkiye were determined for the first time using an energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The average concentrations (in %, dw) of major and minor oxides in CB samples are in order of SiO2 (49.9) > Al2O3 (17.8) > CaO (9.5) > MgO (8.2) > Fe2O3 (7.5) > SO3 (3.6) > Na2O (3.3) > K2O (1.8) > TiO2 (0.9) > P2O5 (0.2) > MnO (0.1). The average concentrations (in mg/kg dw) of Fe, Ti, Mn, Cr, Sr, V, Ni, Zr, Zn, Cu, Co, Pb and As in CB samples were analyzed as 52779, 5329, 736, 341, 23, 192, 190, 110, 85, 44, 39, 14 and 8, respectively. According to the enrichment factor results based on the Earth's crust average, it was revealed that Cr, Ni, and As were naturally moderately enriched.
Blast mitigation using monolithic closed cell aluminium foam
Authors: Dey Chitralekha , Gokhale Amol Anant 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Blast protection using cellular materials is being actively pursued at research and technology levels. The present work uniquely demonstrates generation of stress waves, strain waves and mass velocities in monolithic closed cell aluminium foams of different densities and lengths, subjected to simulated blast loads, and their combined effect on blast attenuation. The foams were assumed to be resting against a rigid end wall. If the numerically calculated stress at the back face was found less than the applied stress at the front face, the interaction was termed as blast mitigation or attenuation. The results show, ‘pressure mitigation’ to occur for low-density foams whose plastic strength is less than the applied pressure, but pressure amplification for high-density foams whose plastic strength is higher than the applied pressure. The pressure amplification observed in shorter length high density foams transformed to pressure mitigation if the foams were sufficiently long. Based on these results and other stress, strain and velocity related diagnostics, the underlying mechanism behind blast wave amplification/mitigation and its relation with foam density and length is proposed.
The Role of CT Radiomics Analysis in Predicting Overall Survival Following initial Chemotherapy for Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Yin Manxin , Yu Chunhai , Zhang Jianxin , Su Qiaona , Song Xin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives: The current study sought to determine the potential use of the CT radiomics model in predicting overall survival in DLBCL patients.
Methods: The CT images and clinical data of DLBCL patients receiving chemotherapy from January 2013 to May 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and 130 patients were included and categorized as training cohort (n=91) and validation cohort (n=39) at a 7:3 ratio. The CT radiomics features were extracted, and the Rad-score was calculated using the LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) algorithm. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was used to screen independent risk factors, and then a nomogram model was developed jointly with the Rad-score. The ROC(operating characteristic curve), calibration curve, and decision curve assessments were utilized to assess the model's effectiveness, accuracy, and clinical significance in predicting OS.
Results: In total, 878 CT radiomics features were obtained from each patient, and 15 features highly correlated with OS in DLBCL patients were screened to calculate the Rad-score used to predict OS. Patients with Rad-score <-0.51 had a shorter overall survival time, and those with Rad-score >-0.51 had a longer overall survival time. A nomogram model was constructed by combining independent risk factors (Ann Arbor staging, IPI score, PS, effectiveness) based on multivariate analysis and Rad-score. In the training and validation cohorts, the AUC values of the nomogram model for predicting 3 and 5 years OS were 0.860 and 0.810, respectively, 0.838 and 0.816 which were higher than the Rad-score (0.744 and 0.763, respectively, 0.787 and 0.563). Furthermore, the calibration and decision curve evaluations revealed that the nomogram model strongly agrees and has a high clinical value in predicting OS in DLBCL patients.
Conclusion: The nomogram model based on clinical characteristics and CT radiomics features have a better prediction efficacy for overall survival following first-line treatment in DLBCL patients, and it exceeds the Rad-score model.
A case report of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) treatment in resource-limited setup: An Ethiopian Experience
Authors: Mulate Sebhatleab T , Molla Bereket A , Abera Berehanu M , Hailemariam Tseganesh M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
NMOSD is a rare and disabling immune-mediated inflammatory Astro cytopathic disease characterized by demyelination and axonal destruction, typically involving the spinal cord and the optic nerve.
Case presentation
Here we present a case report of a 53-year-old female patient who had a pertinent history of treatment for optic neuritis a few months back, currently diagnosed with Neuromyelitis Optica after she presented with a three-week history of weakness of lower extremity, headache, and neuropathic pain. She was pulsed with Methylprednisolone and started on Azathioprine, which significantly improved her clinical condition.
Conclusion
When patients with optic neuritis and transverse myelitis occur, a high index of suspicion for NMOSD is essential. Establishing a diagnosis based on clinical and MRI findings is crucial for initiating therapy quickly, halting more harm, and avoiding a delay in diagnosis. Our experience treating our patient shows that Azathioprine is still a practical choice in resource-limited setups.
Land Use Land Cover Change in the African Great Lakes Region: A Spatial-Temporal Analysis and Future Predictions for the Lake Kivu catchment, Rwanda.
Authors: Kayitesi Naomie M. , Guzha Alphonce C. , Tonini Marj , Mariethoz Gregoire 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The African Great Lakes Region has experienced substantial Land Use Land Cover Change (LULCC) over the last decades. The main drivers of LULCC include an interplay of political, demographic, and socio-economic factors. This study focused on the Lake Kivu catchment in Rwanda, a critical ecosystem in the African Great Lakes Regions, exploring historical LULCC, their major drivers, and predicting future LULC for different development scenarios. The methodology involved image classification using seasonal composites and integrating spectral indices with topographic features to enhance the discrimination and capturing seasonal variations. The classification results demonstrated an overall accuracy and kappa exceeding 83%. Historical LULCC analysis showed significant changes, particularly the 1990–2000 decade, marked by forest loss ranging from 26.6–18.7% and an increase in agricultural land (from 27.7–43%). These changes were attributed to political conflicts in the region and population movements. Subsequent decades (2000–2010 and 2010–2020) witnessed forest recovery (24.8% by 2020). Artificial neural networks were used to predict future LULC scenarios, considering natural and socio-economic explanatory variables and historical LULC transitions. The analysis of explanatory variables highlighted the significant role of proximity to urban centers, population density, and terrain, in LULCC. River proximity drove agricultural and grassland expansion. The predicted future LULC for 2030 and 2050 indicate distinct trajectories likely to be influenced by demographic and socio-economic development trends. The findings of this study contribute to identifying opportunities for land restoration and conservation efforts, thereby ensuring the preservation of Lake Kivu catchment’s ecological integrity.
The SIMS: Severity on Imaging Myelopathy Score. A new multi-parametric MRI-based scoring system for degenerative cervical myelopathy
Authors: Morgado Alexis , Berthiller Julien , Subtil Fabien , Andre-Obadia Nathalie , Barrey Cédric Yves 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CDM) is the leading cause of functional disability of spinal origin in people over 50 years old. The objective of the present study was to establish a multiparametric weighted scoring system, easy to use in daily practice, based on the most significant MRI signs and correlated as strongly as possible with the clinical presentation (mJOA) – the SIMS for Severity on Imaging Myelopathy Score. 99 patients who underwent clinical and radiological evaluation by mJOA and MRI between January 2015 and March 2021 were retrospectively included. The variables included in the score were the Fujiwara ratio, the T2-weighted intramedullary hyperintensity, the aspect of the perimedullary fluidcisterns, the Torg-Pavlov ratio, the local kyphosis and the number of stenotic levels. Each variable was first correlated to the mJOA score for each patient, making possible at the end to construct the final SIMS, and validate it by comparison with mJOA scores. The variables significantly correlated were the T2-weighted intramedullary hyperintensity, the reduction of perimedullary fluid spaces and the number of stenotic levels (p < 0.05). Then points were assigned to each variable according to their relative importance and made it possible to construct the definitive SIMS. The final correlation coefficient between SIMS and mJOA score was -0.747. This work showed that this new multi-parametric MRI-based scoring system represents a consistent mean to characterize the degree of severity of the degenerative cervical myelopathy.
Varying welding speeds and their effect on the microstructure and properties of Mg-9Li-3Al-3Zn alloy
Authors: Ma Linghang , Gao Shikang , Cui Fan , Liu Xinyang , Zhao Huihui , Zhou Li , Feng Xiaosong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Friction stir welding was used to join the duplex-structured Mg-9Li-3Al-3Zn alloys. The effects of welding speed on microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. After FSW, the nugget zone(NZ) experienced grain refinement, and the α phase dissolved into the β phase. The minimum grain size of α phase is 6.51 μm and the minimum α/β ratio is 3.33%. The welding heat primarily facilitated the solution of the Mg17Al12 and AlLi phases into the matrix. MgLi2Al, a new phase, was formed in NZ. Microstructure changes lead to an overall increase in joint hardness. At a 500 mm/min welding speed, the joint exhibited UTS 162.94 MPa, comparable to the base metal. The corrosion resistance of the joint was enhanced due to grain refinement and a decreased α/β phase ratio. The self-corrosion current of the alloy was reduced from 4.298×10-5 A/cm2 to 2.06×10-4 A/cm2 in NZ. The corrosion products were confirmed to be Mg(OH)2, Al(OH)3 and Li2CO3.
Codeveloping a community-based, peer-led psychosocial support intervention to reduce tuberculosis-related stigma in Indonesia: a mixed-methods participatory action study
Authors: Wingfield Tom , Fuady Ahmad , Anindhita Mariska , Haniifah Matsna , Putri Arieska , Karnasih Artasya , Agiananda Feranindhya , Yani Finny , Haya Marinda , Pakasi Trevino 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction:
Peer support and community-based psychological interventions can reduce infectious diseases-related stigma and mental illness. The evidence for such interventions among people with tuberculosis is limited. This study aimed to engage with multisectoral stakeholders in Indonesia to co-develop a peer-led, community-based psychosocial intervention that is replicable, acceptable, and sustainable.
Methods
This study used a participatory action design and engaged key national, multisectoral stakeholders to ensure that the intervention co-design was relevant and appropriate within both the TB health system and sociocultural context of Indonesia. The co-design of the intervention evolved through four phases: (1) a scoping review to identify a long list of potential TB stigma reduction interventions; (2) a Delphi survey to define a shortlist of the potential interventions; (3) a national multisectoral participatory workshop to identify and pre-finalize the most viable elements of psychosocial support to distil into a single complex intervention; and (4) finalization of the intervention activities.
Results
The scoping review identified 12 potential intervention activities. These were then reduced to a shortlist of six potential intervention activities through a Delphi Survey completed by 22 stakeholders. At the national participatory workshop, the suitability, acceptability, feasibility, and scalability of the six potential intervention activities, both alone and in combination, were discussed by the key stakeholders. Based on these discussions, the research team selected the final four complementary activities to be integrated into the psychosocial support intervention, which consisted of: individual psychological assessment and counseling; monthly peer-led psychological group counseling; peer-led individual support; and community-based TB Talks.
Conclusion
Meaningful participation of multisectoral stakeholders facilitated co-design of a community-based, peer-led intervention to reduce stigma and depression amongst people with TB and their households, which was considered locally-appropriate and viable. The intervention is now ready for implementation and evaluation.
Comparison of four current guidelines on predicting advanced neoplasia in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas
Authors: Moon Ji Yoon , Choi Seo-Youn , Kim Seung Soo , Lee Ji Eun , Lee Jisun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The detection of pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) has increased, and guidelines have been established to predict advanced neoplasia (AN).This study aimed to compare four recently updated guidelines for predicting AN in pancreatic IPMNs and investigate the potential improvement of each to enhance predictive capabilities during future revisions. We conducted a retrospective study of all patients with pathologically proven IPMNs at four centers between January 2010 and December 2021. The diagnostic performance of the European Study Group (EG), International Association of Pancreatology (IAP), American Gastroenterological Association (AGA), and American College of Radiology (ACR) guidelines was analyzed. A total of 152 patients (mean age, 67 years ± 10.3 [standard deviation]; 86 men) with pancreatic IPMNs (malignant, 63) were included in the present study. IAP guidelines exhibited the highest specificity (74.2%), accuracy (82.2%), and positive predictive value (72.0%) for predicting AN in pancreatic IPMNs, while EG guidelines showed the highest sensitivity (96.8%) and negative predictive value (96.0%). The specificity and accuracy of the IAP guidelines were significantly higher than those of the EG and AGA guidelines (p < 0.001 and p = 0.05, p < 0.001 and p = 0.05, respectively). The area under the curve (AUC) was highest for the IAP (0.839; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.784–0.894) and lowest for the EG (0.754; 95%, CI 0.697–0.810) guidelines. The IAP guidelines showed the highest diagnostic performance. To standardize the guidelines and prevent conflicting statements, diverse guidelines for pancreatic IPMNs could be collaborated internationally.