bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum fucosylation changes in oral cancer and oral precancerous conditions
Authors: Shah Manisha , Telang Shaila , Raval Gira , Shah Pankaj , Patel Prabhudas S. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.The objective of the current study was to investigate the clinical usefulness of serum fucose, fucosylated glycoproteins (fucoproteins), fucosyltransferase (FucT), and α‐L‐fucosidase in oral carcinoma.METHODS.Blood samples were collected from 130 patients with untreated oral cancer (OC), from 75 patients with oral precancerous conditions (OPC), and from 100 healthy controls. Cancer patients were followed after the initiation of anticancer treatments, and 75 follow‐up samples were also collected. Serum levels of fucose and α‐L‐fucosidase were measured spectrophotometrically. Fucoproteins were detected by using lectin‐affinity chromatography. FucT activity was analyzed by using radioassay.RESULTS.Serum levels of fucose and fucoprotein were found to be increased significantly in patients with untreated OC compared with controls, patients with OPC, and complete responders (CR) to treatment; whereas the levels were comparable between untreated patients with OC and nonresponders (NR). A similar trend was observed for serum FucT levels, and changes in enzyme activity correlated well with fucose and fucoprotein alterations. The OPC group had significantly increased fucosylation of serum proteins. Furthermore, serum α‐L‐fucosidase activity was markedly higher in patients with untreated OC and in patients with OPC compared with controls. Using receiver operating characteristic curves, a cutoff for α‐L‐fucosidase was determined at >450.6 U/mL, which showed good sensitivity and specificity in OC and OPC compared with controls. The enzyme activity was declined in the CR group but remained higher in the NR group compared with pretreatment levels. Furthermore, various clinicopathologic characteristics were correlated positively with serum fucosylation changes.CONCLUSIONS.The findings of the current study suggest that serum fucosylation has clinical usefulness in the detection of early changes and for monitoring treatment response in patients with OC. Among the markers studied, serum α‐L‐fucosidase was identified as a useful marker for close monitoring of patients during post–treatment follow‐up. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Immunohistochemical description of the endogenous cannabinoid system in the rat cerebellum and functionally related nuclei
Authors: Suárez Juan , Bermúdez‐Silva Francisco Javier , Mackie Ken , Ledent Catherine , Zimmer Andreas , Cravatt Benjamin F. , de Fonseca Fernando Rodríguez 
Published: June 2008

AbstractWe report a detailed analysis of the distribution of relevant proteins of the endogenous cannabinoid system in the rat cerebellum (cerebellar cortex and deep cerebellar nuclei) and the two functionally related nuclei, the vestibular nuclei and the inferior olive. These proteins include the two main cannabinoid receptors (CB1and CB2), the enzymes involved in cannabinoid biosynthesis (DAGLα, DAGLβ, and NAPE‐PLD), and the endocannabinoid‐degradating enzymes (FAAH and MAGL). With regard to the cerebellar cortex, these data confirm several published reports on the distribution of cannabinoid CB1receptors, DAGLα, MAGL, and FAAH, which suggests a role of endocannabinoids as retrograde messengers in the synapses of the Purkinje cells by either parallel fibers of granule cells or climbing fibers from the inferior olive or GABAergic interneuron. Additionally, we describe the presence of CB2receptors in fibers related to Purkinje somata (Pinceau formations) and dendrites (parallel fibers), suggesting a potential role of this receptor in the retrograde cannabinoid signaling. A remarkable finding of the present study is the description of the different elements of the endogenous cannabinoid system in both the main afferent nuclei to the cerebellar cortex (the inferior olive) and the efferent cerebellar pathway (the deep cerebellar nuclei). The presence of the endogenous cannabinoid system at this level establishes the basis for endocannabinoid‐mediated synaptic plasticity as a control mechanism in motor learning, opening new research lines for the study of the contribution of this system in gait disorders affecting the cerebellum. J. Comp. Neurol. 509:400–421, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ring Opening of Methylcyclohexane over Platinum‐Loaded Zeolites
Authors: Calemma Vincenzo , Carati Angela , Flego Cristina , Giardino Roberto , Gagliardi Federica , Millini Roberto , Bellussi Giuseppe 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe activity of different platinum‐loaded zeolites (Mordenite, ZSM‐12, ZSM‐5, ZSM‐23) was investigated in the hydroconversion of methylcyclohexane (MCH), in the context of upgrading highly aromatic distillates for fuel blending. In all cases, conversion of MCH proceeds according to a pathway where the primary products are a mixture of dimethylcyclopentanes and ethylcyclopentane formed by isomerization and ring contraction of MCH. The primary products undergo consecutive ring‐opening reactions with formation of n‐ and isoheptanes. The latter further react to form lower‐molecular‐weight n‐ and isoalkanes. The selectivity and distribution of products deriving from ring‐contraction and ring‐opening reactions are strongly affected by the pore size and topology of the zeolites. ZSM‐5 exhibits a strong reactant shape‐selectivity effect on ring‐opening products. The evaluated zeolites show the following order of activity in the conversion of methylcyclohexane: Mordenite>ZSM‐12>ZSM‐5>ZSM‐23.
Spatial models for flood risk assessment
Authors: Bee Marco , Benedetti Roberto , Espa Giuseppe 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe problem of computing risk measures associated to flood events is extremely important not only from the point of view of civil protection systems but also because of the necessity for the municipalities of insuring against the damages. In this work we propose, in the framework of an integrated strategy, an operating solution which merges in a conditional approach the information usually available in this setup. First, we use a logistic auto‐logistic model (LAM) for the estimation of the univariate conditional probabilities of flood events. This approach has two fundamental advantages: it allows to incorporate auxiliary information and does not require the target variables to be independent. Then we simulate the joint distribution of floodings by means of the Gibbs sampler. Finally, we propose an algorithm to increaseex postthe spatial autocorrelation of the simulated events. The methodology is shown to be effective by means of an application to the estimation of the flood probability for two partitions of the Italian territory with different spatial resolution. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
WCDMA multi‐service uplink capacity of highways cross‐shaped microcells
Authors: Ahmed Bazil Taha 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe multi‐service uplink capacity and the interference (intracellular and intercellular) statistics (mean and variance) of the sectors of the cross‐shaped wide‐band code‐division multiple access (WCDMA) microcell are studied using a model of nine highway microcells in rural zone. The two‐slope propagation loss model with lognormal shadowing is used in the analysis. The capacity and the interference statistics of the microcell are studied for different sector range, antenna side lobe levels and different standard deviation of the power control (PC) error. It is shown that, reducing the antenna side lobe level increases the sector capacity. Also, it is shown that the sector range to get the quasi‐maximum sector capacity is on the order of 600–1200 m. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Time Dependent Ground Loosening Effect on Polilith Rock Mass Conditions in Shallow Tunnels
Authors: Kocak Bülent , Vardar Mahir 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe time dependent rock mass behaviour, known as the stressdisplacement‐ time relationship, and tunnel stability depend fairly on the technical conditions of the rock mass which are taken into consideration as continuum, discontinuum or quasi‐continuum surroundings. Accurate definition of rock mass and understanding of rock mass behaviour are the fundament of engineering design. However, it is a fact that an exact simulation of system seniority is almost impossible especially in polilith rock mass conditions. In this paper, the application of ground loosening effect into numerical analysis has been studied. The core support method, the lining reduction method and the stress reduction method have been applied on a shallow urban tunnel. As an alternative, Vardar time dependent in‐situ rock mass method is applied to the case study, as well. The results have been compared with measured in‐situ tunnel displacements. It has been seen that, Vardar method is an effective method to define the polilith rock mass in discontinuum mechanics.
Comparing smooth transition and Markov switching autoregressive models of US unemployment
Authors: Deschamps Philippe J. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractLogistic smooth transition and Markov switching autoregressive models of a logistic transform of the monthly US unemployment rate are estimated by Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. The Markov switching model is identified by constraining the first autoregression coefficient to differ across regimes. The transition variable in the LSTAR model is the lagged seasonal difference of the unemployment rate. Out‐of‐sample forecasts are obtained from Bayesian predictive densities. Although both models provide very similar descriptions, Bayes factors and predictive efficiency tests (both Bayesian and classical) favor the smooth transition model. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Insulin‐like growth factor‐I of pejerrey, Odontesthes bonariensis: cDNA characterization, tissue distribution and expression profiles after growth hormone administration
Authors: Sciara Andrés A. , Somoza Gustavo. M. , Arranz Silvia. E. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe liver production of the insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) is a key factor in the endocrine control of body growth by a growth hormone. As pejerrey Odontesthes bonariensis has been reported as a fish with low growth rates in captivity, basic research on this respect is needed in order to understand it. In this context, the pejerrey IGF‐I cDNA was cloned and its hepatic expression was examined in fish after recombinant pejerrey growth hormone (pjGHr) administration. The full length of IGF‐I transcript showed a high sequence similarity to other teleost sequences. The tissue distribution analysis by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in adult fish revealed that IGF‐I expressed ubiquitously with the highest mRNA levels in the liver, posterior intestine and brain. No alternative IGF‐I mRNA was found in the liver, as it was reported for other teleosts. IGF‐I transcript was measured in the liver after pjGHr in vivo stimulation by means of quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction assays. A dose‐dependent response of IGF‐I mRNA was observed after pjGHr administration, and reached a six‐fold IGF‐I maximum increase over control group when 2.5 µg pjGH/g‐body weight (bw) was injected. Temporal analysis of hepatic IGF‐I mRNA level showed that administration of a single dose of pjGHr into juvenile pejerrey resulted in a significant increase (P<0.02) 9 hours post‐injection (hpi). These results add novel information on the nucleotide sequence of IGF‐I in Atheriniformes and demonstrate that pjGHr could promote a dramatic response in liver, increasing the IGF‐I mRNA level. J. Exp. Zool. 309A:407–418, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of phenolic acids and transglutaminase on soft wheat flour dough and baked products
Authors: Koh Bong‐Kyung , Ng Perry KW 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND:The effects of phenolic acids on the physical properties of soft wheat flour dough and baked soft wheat flour products were investigated. Transglutaminase (TG) was added to observe the effects of non‐disulfide crosslinks on phenolic acid treated dough. Ferulic acid,p‐coumaric acid or fumaric acid was blended with pastry flour at a level of 250, 500 or 1000 ppm of flour dry weight, respectively.RESULTS:The addition of phenolic acids, TG or a mixture of phenolic acids and TG to flour had no effect on the mixing properties of the doughs but significantly affected 90 min rested dough. The addition of phenolic acids decreased the maximum resistance and increased the extensibility of 90 min rested dough, and TG reversed the effects of phenolic acids on the rested dough. The physical characteristics of cookies blended with each phenolic acid plus TG were not significantly different (P> 0.01) from those of the control cookies. However, TG with and without phenolic acids had significant effects on the moisture content, weight and volume of crackers.CONCLUSION:These results suggest that the addition of phenolic acids and TG in the absence of a fermentation process do not affect the physical properties of soft wheat flour products. The fermentation process allows the chemical reaction of the phenolic acids and TG to occur before the soft wheat flour products are baked. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Unravelling the complexity of health effects of trans fatty acids: Insight from the TRANSFACT study
Authors: Destaillats Frédéric , Chardigny Jean‐Michel , Malpuech‐Brugère Corinne , Sébédio Jean‐Louis , Bezelgues Jean‐Baptiste , Dionisi Fabiola , Bauman Dale E. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe TRANSFACT study, a worldwide research initiative, revealed that the effects of trans fatty acids (TFA) found in ‘natural’ ruminant fat (R‐TFA) and industrially produced (IP‐TFA) sources on cardiovascular disease risk (CVD) factors are different. Moreover, it was observed for both dietary sources of TFA that women and men react differently to TFA consumption, the women being more sensitive than men. The TRANSFACT study demonstrates that the consumption of R‐TFA at the current level consumption does not impact significantly on CVD risk factors. Moreover, the TRANSFACT study confirmed that the complexity related to the consumption of TFA was oversimplified as recently suggested in an epidemiological study.
Fatty acid composition of post trans margarines and their health implications
Authors: Pedersen Jan I. , Kirkhus Bente 
Published: June 2008

AbstractWe have analysed the fatty acid composition of 45 different vegetable oil margarines collected in different European countries during 2004–2005 and estimated their effect on blood cholesterol. Trans fatty acids in amounts 4–6% of total fatty acids were detected in 3 margarines, otherwise only trace amounts (<1%) were detected. Of the 45 margarines 10 were found to have a neutral or a slight cholesterol decreasing effect. The others were found to be cholesterol increasing with substantial variation in effect, although less hypercholesterolemic than butter. Palmitic acid contributed most to the estimated cholesterol increasing effect and the correlation coefficient between the amount of palmitic acid and the change in cholesterol was 0.82. Myristic acid also contributed to a certain extent while lauric acid contributed little. The content of stearic acid was >10% in 6 samples but otherwise present in low amounts. It thus appears that palmitic acid, presumably from palm oil, to a large extent has replaced trans fatty acids in margarines. A better alternative might be to use fat blends with higher contents of the cholesterol neutral stearic acid, such as fully hydrogenated and interesterified fat.
Bulk and epitaxial growth of micropipe‐free silicon carbide on basal and rhombohedral plane seeds
Authors: Epelbaum B. M. , Filip O. , Winnacker A. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractIn this paper the criteria for reasonable choice of alternative to (0001) seed orientation are discussed. Growth conditions necessary to produce bulk 6H‐ and 4H‐SiC crystals on rhombohedral (01‐1n) plane seeds in PVT process are presented. Specific defect structures in such crystals are described in relation to growth conditions. In the second part of the paper, liquid phase epitaxial (LPE) growth using high‐temperature silicon based flux and rhombohedral plane seeds is compared to the LPE on basal plane seeds. In both bulk and epitaxial growth processes the employment of rhombohedral plane seed offers important advantages. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Modeling and performance analysis of multi‐service wireless CDMA cellular networks using smart antennas
Authors: Hartmann Christian , Nasser Nidal 
Published: June 2008

AbstractIn this paper, we present an analytical model to assess the blocking capacity of multi‐service code division multiple access (CDMA) systems. We include smart antenna systems in our model and show how the capacity of CDMA systems can be improved if smart antennas are employed at the base stations. Applying smart antennas can actually transform CDMA systems from being interference limited to being channel/code limited. To investigate this effect, we extend our model to include the limitation of channelization codes in CDMA‐based universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) systems. From the point of view of the call admission control (CAC) in a smart antenna CDMA system, we can either accept the capacity loss due to code limitation, or we can additionally apply space division multiple access (SDMA) techniques to re‐use channelization codes and thus re‐approach the capacity which is obtained if no code limitation is considered. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Surface Properties of Dicephalic Surfactants with a 1,3‐Dioxane Ring
Authors: Karczewski Sławomir , Piasecki Andrzej , Maliszewska Irena 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA new group of surface active dicephalic derivatives of 1,3‐dioxane, i.e., 2‐alkyl‐5,5‐bis{[3‐(N,N‐dimethylamino)propyl]amido}‐1,3‐dioxane‐di‐N‐oxides, were synthesized with high yields by the reaction of an appropriate 2‐alkyl‐5,5‐bis‐(carboxyethyl)‐1,3‐dioxane with an excess of N,N‐dimethyl‐1,3‐propanediamine followed by oxidation with an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide. Structures and purity of all intermediates and final di‐N‐oxides were confirmed by means of 1H‐NMR and ESI‐MS spectroscopy. Synthesized compounds showed high surface activity with low values of critical micelle concentration and high effectiveness of surface tension reduction (γCMC). However, only derivative with the longest 2‐alkyl substituent showed good foaming and moderate emulsifying properties.
Fatty Acid Profile of Sunshine Bass: I. Profile Change is Affected by Initial Composition and Differs Among Tissues
Authors: Trushenski Jesse T. , Lewis Heidi A. , Kohler Christopher C. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractFatty acid (FA) composition of fillet tissue can be tailored by transitioning fish from alternative lipid‐based, low long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC‐PUFA) grow‐out feeds to high LC‐PUFA “finishing” feeds. To address whether grow‐out feed composition influences the responsiveness of fillet tissue to finishing, sunshine bass (SB, Morone chrysops × M. saxatilis) were reared to a submarketable size on grow‐out feeds containing fish oil (FO) or a 50:50 blend of FO and coconut (CO), grapeseed (GO), linseed (LO), or poultry (PO) oil. For the final 8 weeks of the trial, fish were either maintained on assigned grow‐out feeds or finished with the 100% FO feed. Production performance was unaffected by dietary lipid source, but fillet FA profile generally conformed to nutritional history. Regardless of grow‐out regimen, finishing had a significant restorative effect on fillet FA composition; however, complete restoration of control levels of 20:5n‐3, 22:6n‐3, total LC‐PUFA and n‐3:n‐6 FA ratio was achieved only among fish fed the CO‐based grow‐out feed. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) appear to be preferential catabolic substrates, whereas medium‐chain and long‐chain PUFA are selectively deposited in tissues. Provision of SFA in grow‐out feeds appears to optimize selective FA metabolism and restoration of beneficial fillet FA profile during finishing.
On the subjectivity of human-authored summaries
Authors: KOLLURU BALAKRISHNA , GOTOH YOSHIHIKO 
Published: June 2008

AbstractHuman-generated summaries are a blend of content and style, bound by the task restrictions, but are ‘subject to subjectiveness’ of the individuals summarising the documents. We study the impact of various facets that cause subjectivity such as brevity, information content and information coverage on human-authored summaries. The scale of subjectivity is quantitatively measured among various summaries using a question–answer-based cross-comprehension test. The test evaluates summaries for meaning rather than exact words based on questions, framed by the summary authors, derived from the summary. The number of questions that cannot be answered after reading the candidate summary reflects its subjectivity. The qualitative analysis of the outcome of the cross-comprehension test shows the relationship between the length of a summary, information content and nature of questions framed by the summary author.
Analysis of the mechanism by which melatonin inhibits human eosinophil peroxidase
Authors: Lu T , Galijasevic S , Abdulhamid I , Abu‐Soud H M 
Published: June 2008

Background and purpose:Eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) catalyses the formation of oxidants implicated in the pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases including allergy and asthma. Mechanisms for inhibiting EPO, once released, are poorly understood. The aim of this work is to determine the mechanisms by which melatonin, a hormone produced in the brain by the pineal gland, inhibits the catalytic activity of EPO.Experimental approach:We utilized H2O2‐selective electrode and direct rapid kinetic measurements to determine the pathways by which melatonin inhibits human EPO.Key results:In the presence of plasma levels of bromide (Br−), melatonin inactivates EPO at two different points in the classic peroxidase cycle. First, it binds to EPO and forms an inactive complex, melatonin‐EPO‐Br, which restricts access of H2O2 to the catalytic site of the oxidation enzyme. Second, melatonin competes with Br− and switches the reaction from a two electron (2e−) to a one electron (1e−) pathway allowing the enzyme to function with catalase‐like activity. Melatonin is a bulky molecule and binds to the entrance of the EPO haem pocket (regulatory sites). Furthermore, Br− seems to enhance the affinity of this binding. In the absence of Br−, melatonin accelerated formation of EPO Compound II and its decay by serving as a 1e− substrate for EPO Compounds I and II.Conclusions and implications:The interplay between EPO and melatonin may have a broader implication in the function of several biological systems. This dual regulation by melatonin is unique and represents a new mechanism for melatonin to control EPO and its downstream inflammatory pathways.British Journal of Pharmacology (2008) 154, 1308–1317; doi:10.1038/bjp.2008.173; published online 2 June 2008