bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Quality of Life through a Supervised Cardiac Rehabilitation Program along with a conventional conditioning exercise program at home in Cardiovascular Disease Patients
Authors: Uddin Shadab , Sumer Singh  , Tabish Fahim  
Published: April 2024

Objectives: Debilitating day-to-day practices, including a sedentary lifestyle, increased unhealthy food consumption habits, no exercise, smoking, remarkably low HDL, and high cholesterol levels, lead to increased obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), affecting the quality of life. Supervised, steady, and long-term aerobic exercise training benefits cardiorespiratory fitness, psychological status, and quality of life. Therefore, the study’s objective was to determine the effect of cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP) on heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), and quality of life (QOL) in CVD patients.
Materials and Methods: The study followed a two-arm parallel group randomized comparative design. Thirty participants (n=15/group) with CVD (aged between 45-76 years) were randomly allocated to two groups (CRP vs. Control). CRP Group received the CRP and a conventional conditioning exercise program (CEP) at home and the Control Group received the conventional CEP only at home. The outcomes, HR, SBP, DBP, and QOL, were assessed using a sphygmomanometer and short-form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire’s physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scale, respectively. The t-test and Wilcoxon test were used to analyze between and within-group comparisons for all the outcomes scores, keeping the significance level α at 95% (p<0.05) for all the statistical analyses.
Results: The mean scores comparison of the outcomes, HR, PCS, and MCS, were found significant (95% CI, p<0.05) within CRP and Control groups; however, SBP and DBP mean scores were found insignificant (95% CI, p>0.05) within both groups, except DBP mean score which was found significant (p<0.05) within CRP Group. Comparing the outcomes mean scores between the groups at four-week post-intervention, except PCS and MCS (95% CI, p<0.05), HR, SBP, and DBP were found to be insignificant (p>0.05).
Conclusions: The CRP and conventional CEP at home together and conventional CEP at home alone were equally effective in decreasing HR and improving QOL in CVD patients. However, the CRP and conventional CEP at home together showed more effectiveness than the conventional CEP at home in improving the QOL in CVD patients.
Study of Marketing of Milk in Hardoi District of Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Pandey Harshit , Barker Nitin , Kale Pranil Sunil 
Published: April 2024

The primary objective of this study is to thoroughly examine milk marketing dynamics within Shahabad Block, Hardoi District, Uttar Pradesh, focusing on the different channels used for milk marketing. The research aims to categorize cattle owners, investigate demographic trends among them, and understand how these factors correlate with milk marketing strategies and efficiency. This research employs a descriptive and analytical design to explore various aspects of milk marketing and cattle ownership. The study was conducted in the Shahabad Block of the Hardoi District, Uttar Pradesh, focusing on the current state of milk marketing and cattle ownership demographics. The methodology includes a survey of cattle owners in the Shahabad Block, classifying them into small, medium, and large-scale operations based on the number of cattle owned. The study also assesses the age, gender, education level, and social categories of cattle owners, alongside a comprehensive analysis of milk marketing channels, including costs, pricing spreads, marketing margins, and market efficiency.
The survey found 250 cattle owners, with a predominance of small-scale operations (72%). A significant demographic of cattle owners is young, aged 18-35 (80%), with a notable distribution across male (140) and female (110) owners. Education level shows a correlation with the size of cattle operations, with lower education levels more common among smaller-scale operations. Socioeconomic analysis indicates that small-scale operations prevail across all social categories, including General, OBC, and SC/ST. Marketing analysis reveals a preference for the second channel involving producers, private dairy companies, retailers, and end users, providing insights into marketing efficiency and consumer preferences.
Link between Oil Pollution and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
Authors: Kanu Chukwunenye T , Iwunze Ezinne C 
Published: April 2024

Oil exploration in the Niger Delta has led to severe environmental pollution. This study investigates the association between exposure to crude oil and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Study Design: This was a comparative cross-sectional study of the differences in adverse pregnancy outcomes of people living in heavily oil polluted and non-polluted communities
Place and Duration of Study: Kegbara Dere (K-Dere), a rural Community in Ogoniland, Gokana Local Government Area, Rivers State and Obohia community in Ndoki kingdom, Ukwa East LGA of Abia state between June 2022 and Jan 2023.
Methodology: We recruited 900 study participants (450 each from the crude oil impacted and the non-oil polluted communities) using multi-stage random sampling. Questionnaires were used to collect data on socio-demographics and adverse pregnancy history by case definitions using the adapted WHO indirect sisterhood method of maternal mortality estimate. Data was analyzed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Differences in proportions were compared using Chi Square test. The association between living in an oil polluted community or exposure to crude oil pollutants and adverse pregnancy outcomes was determined using crude odds ratio. Confidence intervals were determined at 95% level and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Pregnant women in the polluted community experienced a significantly higher prevalence of adverse outcomes, including stillbirth, abortion, and birth defects. The risk of experiencing an adverse pregnancy outcome was 30 times higher in the polluted area.
Conclusion: This study suggests a strong link between oil pollution and pregnancy complications. Further research with robust designs is needed to confirm causality. Environmental cleanup and protective measures for pregnant women are crucial in these areas.
The Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor-Receptor Pathway Aberrations in Pediatric Diseases
Authors: Bittmann Stefan , Luchter Elisabeth , Moschüring-Alieva Elena 
Published: April 2024

The fibroblast growth factor receptors play a crucial role in binding to fibroblast growth factor and are involved in various pathological conditions. These receptors consist of an extracellular ligand domain, a transmembrane helix domain, and an intracellular domain with tyrosine kinase activity. There are over 48 different isoforms of FGFR. Each FGF receptor in ligand-binding properties and kinase domains. The FGF/FGFR signaling pathway is implicated in various pediatric cancers and therefore are both non-selective and selective FGFR inhibitors available. Additionally, there are five distinct membrane FGF receptors dentified in vertebrates. All belonging to the tyrosine kinase superfamily. In this manuscript, the focus is based on an analysis of the role of FGF receptor signaling pathways and aberrations especially in pediatric diseases. Erk 1 and Erk 2 seem to have an important role as a mediator of FGF signaling in different biological and developmental processes. FGF signaling plays an important role in conserved developmental functions in skeletal growth, palate closure, ear development, cranial suture ossification and neuronal development in the child. Aberrant FGF signaling causes different congenital disorders and different forms of cancer in childhood. Modulating FGF signaling is of great importance for the treatment of rare diseases in childhood.
Selection of Major Yield Contributing Traits by Multiple Linear Regression Model in Finger Millet (Eleusine coracanaL.)
Authors: Reddy Y. A. Nanja , Gowda M. V. Channabyre 
Published: April 2024

Yield improvement of finger millet through yield-based selection has plateaued in the last two decades. Hence, breeding efforts are required to prioritize the trait-based improvement in addition to yield per se. Using the backward multiple linear regression, and path analysis, the independent parameters, mean ear-head weight (MEW), ear-head number/ plant (ENo.) and the threshing percentage, were found significant contributors to grain yield. Genetic resources for the higher mean ear-head weight of >10.22g (GE-4683, GE-4596) and ear-head number >104.7m-2 (RAU-8, PR-202) were selected over the popular variety, GPU-28 (7.59g and 72.7m-2, respectively). Theoretically, incorporating the higher MEW and ear-head number/plant from the identified lines into popular variety, GPU-28 (shy tillering) in multiple regression model has predicted the possibility of increasing yield of GPU-28 by 17.8% and 29.5%, respectively. Therefore, a shift towards trait-based improvement could be appropriate to break the yield plateau of finger millet.
Perception and Knowledge of Rice Value Chain Actors on the Effect of Improved Practices on Yield and Milling Characteristics of Rice in the Sagnarigu and Kumbungu Districts of Ghana
Authors: Yussif Ibrahim Salifu , Mustapha Mas-ud 
Published: April 2024

This study presents findings from a comprehensive survey conducted between January and March 2021, aimed at elucidating the agricultural practices and perceptions of rice farmers, processors, and marketers in the Sagnarigu and Kumbungu districts of the Northern Region in Ghana. The research sought to gather essential data on improved techniques employed in rice cultivation, milling, and marketing, as well as understand the perceptions surrounding these practices within the local farming communities. Employing a multi-stage sampling methodology, primary data were collected through face-to-face interviews with 134 rice farmers, 82 processors, and 22 marketers. Key findings revealed that a significant proportion (54.7%) of farmers preferred cultivating local rice varieties such as Moses, Bumbass, Mandii, Bazolgu, Salimasaa, and Assemblyman. Moreover, the survey indicated that 54.5% of farmers adopted the broadcasting method for planting seeds, while only 18% practiced line transplanting with well-defined spacing. Additionally, a majority of transplanting activities occurred when seedlings were at least 4 weeks old, highlighting potential inefficiencies in timing. The study identified several constraints hindering rice production in both lowland and irrigated rice ecosystems across the surveyed districts. These constraints include the prevalence of poor-quality seed varieties, inadequate spacing, suboptimal timing of transplanting, and low soil fertility. Addressing these challenges is imperative for enhancing rice productivity and promoting sustainable agricultural practices in the region.
Synthesis and characterization of amphiphilic biodegradable poly(glutamic acid‐co‐lactic acid‐co‐glycolic acid) by direct polycondensation
Authors: Lu Dedai , Ren Zongli , Zhou Tianhong , Wang Shoufeng , Lei Ziqiang 
Published: December 2007

AbstractPoly(glutamic acid‐co‐lactic acid‐co‐glycolic acid) (PGLG), an amphiphilic biodegradable copolymer, was synthesized by simply heating a mixture of L‐glutamic acid (Glu), DL‐lactic acid, and glycolic acid with the present of stannous chloride. The unique branched architecture comprising of glutarimide unit, polyester unit, and polyamide unit was confirmed by NMR spectrum. The PGLG was soluble in many organic solvents and aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (pH ≥ 9.0). The thermal properties were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. Molecular weights were determined by 1H NMR end‐group analysis and GPC, respectively, and the results indicated that the higher Glu content resulted in a decrease of the molecular weight. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Improving Wikipedia's accuracy: Is edit age a solution?
Authors: Luyt Brendan , Aaron Tay Chee Hsien , Thian Lim Hai , Hong Cheng Kian 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWikipedia is fast becoming a key information source for many despite criticism that it is unreliable and inaccurate. A number of recommendations have been made to sort the chaff from the wheat in Wikipedia, among which is the idea of color‐coding article segment edits according to age (Cross, 2006). Using data collected as part of a wider study published in Nature, this article examines the distribution of errors throughout the life of a select group of Wikipedia articles. The survival time of each “error edit” in terms of the edit counts and days was calculated and the hypothesis that surviving material added by older edits is more trustworthy was tested. Surprisingly, we find that roughly 20% of errors can be attributed to surviving text added by the first edit, which confirmed the existence of a “first‐mover” effect (Viegas, Wattenberg, & Kushal, 2004) whereby material added by early edits are less likely to be removed. We suggest that the sizable number of errors added by early edits is simply a result of more material being added near the beginning of the life of the article. Overall, the results do not provide support for the idea of trusting surviving segments attributed to older edits because such edits tend to add more material and hence contain more errors which do not seem to be offset by greater opportunities for error correction by later edits.
“Communities isn't just about trees and shops”: students from two South African universities engage in dialogue about ‘community’ and ‘community work’
Authors: Rohleder Poul , Swartz Leslie , Carolissen Ronelle , Bozalek Vivienne , Leibowitz Brenda 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe question of what constitutes ‘a community’ or even ‘the community’ takes on an extra salience in a divided society such as South Africa where the entire environment remains imprinted with the legacy of enforced segregation along racial lines. Higher education institutions need to prepare emerging health and social service students for the world of practice in a context of diversity, continuing segregation and marked inequality. As one step to helping students deal with working in a divided society, academic departments from two different South African universities have been involved in a collaborative teaching and research project. Fourth year psychology and social work students from the two universities took part in a collaborative, practical course which formed part of their curricula. In this course, students were given the opportunity to engage with the notion of ‘community’ and ‘community work’ with each other. The students came from diverse racial, class and political backgrounds, and by engaging with one another as they did, had the opportunity to ‘visit’ worlds they have rarely had access to. While this course was able to achieve a broadening awareness among students from different backgrounds about the notion of community, it will take both more engagement with courses of this kind, and a continuing history of change in South Africa, for students to feel more comfortable in transcending both physical and psychological boundaries. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Group motivational enhancement therapy as an adjunct to inpatient treatment for eating disorders: a preliminary study
Authors: Dean Helen Y. , Touyz Stephen W. , Rieger Elizabeth , Thornton Christopher E. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractDifficulties in fostering eating disorder (ED) patients' motivations to overcome their illness are widely considered to be a major hurdle in the course of successful treatment. However, no previous study has assessed the use of interventions specifically designed to target poor motivation amongst patients with illnesses that are severe enough to warrant hospitalisation.ObjectiveA brief Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET) group programme for inpatient ED sufferers was developed and evaluated.MethodForty two consecutive inpatients were sequentially allocated to treatment groups. Twenty three inpatients completed a four session MET group programme in addition to routine hospital care. A control group of 19 participants completed treatment as usual (TAU).ResultsDespite an absence of significant differences between the MET and the TAU groups on the overall formal outcome measures, there were nevertheless differences between the groups. Specifically, the MET groups appeared to foster longer term motivation and engagement, and to promote treatment continuation.ConclusionThe results tentatively suggest that MET could be valuable for the treatment of inpatient eating disorder patients and further research is warranted. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Estimates of basal ileal endogenous losses of amino acids by regression analysis and determination of standardised ileal amino acid digestibilities from casein in newly weaned pigs
Authors: Eklund Meike , Mosenthin Rainer , Piepho Hans‐Peter , Rademacher Meike 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND:This study was carried out to estimate basal ileal endogenous crude protein (CP) and amino acid (AA) losses (IAALB) in newly weaned pigs by regression analysis from apparent ileal digestible and the corresponding total dietary contents of CP and AA in order to obtain standardised ileal digestibilities (SID) of CP and AA originating from casein. A total of fourteen 3‐week‐old barrows were fitted with simple T cannulas at the distal ileum and were fed six diets with two pigs per diet in 4 weekly repeated measurements. Corn starch‐based diets containing six graded levels of CP from casein with 90, 155, 220, 285, 350 and 415 g kg−1CP (as‐fed basis) were formulated.RESULTS:Linear relationships (P< 0.001) between apparent ileal digestible and total dietary contents of CP and AA (g kg−1dry matter intake (DMI)) exist for CP and all AA in the range of 90–220 g kg−1CP content in the diet. The IAALBextrapolated from the range of 90–220 g kg−1CP content are different from zero (P< 0.001 toP= 0.019) except for tryptophan (P= 0.220). Based on regression analysis in the range of 90–220 g kg−1CP, estimates of IAALB, expressed as g kg−1DMI, and SID of CP and AA in casein (in parentheses, %) were as follows: CP 9.3 (98.0); arginine 0.4 (98.9); histidine 0.2 (98.5); isoleucine 0.2 (98.1); leucine 0.5 (99.2); lysine 0.4 (99.0); methionine 0.1 (99.1); phenylalanine 0.4 (99.9); threonine 0.6 (97.8); tryptophan 0.1 (96.2); valine 0.4 (98.5).CONCLUSION:The IAALBand SID of CP and AA originating from casein in newly weaned pigs are in close agreement with values obtained in grower finisher pigs. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Diastereofacial selectivity in some 4‐substituted (X) 2‐adamantyl derivatives: electronic versus steric effects
Authors: Adcock William , Trout Neil A. 
Published: December 2007

Abstractπ‐Facial selectivity data for the reduction and methylation of some 4ax‐substituted (X) 2‐adamantanones (3, Y = O) as well as the nucleophilic trapping of secondary and tertiary 4ax‐substituted (X)‐2‐adamantyl cations (4; R = H and CH3, respectively) and the 4‐methylene‐2‐adamantyl radical (8) are presented. The pronounced anti‐face selectivities observed for (3, Y = O and 4, R = CH3) emphasize the importance of the steric factor as expected for systems with a strong steric bias. However, the dominant syn‐face capture of 4 (R = H) was completely unexpected and highlights a subtle interplay between steric and electronic effects. Finally, the very high anti‐face stereoselectivity for the trapping of (8) with the trimethylstannyl anion (Me3Sn−) is rationalized in terms of an electrostatic effect overwhelming the steric factor. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Conversion of a weak organic acid to a super acid in the gas phase
Authors: Fattahi Alireza , Tavasoli Elham 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe effects of selected metal ions on the gas‐phase acidity of weak organic acids have been explored using the DFT and Moller–Plesset Perturbation Theory (MP2) calculations. The three organic acids selected for this study were acetic acid (aliphatic), benzoic acid (aromatic), and glycine (amino acid). The acidities of these compounds are compared with the acidity of their Li+‐, Na+‐, and K+‐complexed species. The results indicate that upon complexation with Li+, Na+, and K+ at 298 K, the gas‐phase acidity of acetic acid, for example, varies from 345.3 to 218.8, 230.2, and 240.1 kcal/mol, respectively (i.e., its dissociation becomes much less endothermic). These values indicate that a weak organic acid can be converted to a super acid when it is complexed with an ionic metal. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Delaminated zeolite‐catalysed synthesis of high‐molecular weight polycarbosilane as a low shrinkage SiC precursor
Authors: Nguyen Chi Thanh , Kim Dong Pyo , Hong Suk Bong 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA polycarbosilane (PCS) with a higher number–average molecular weight (2710 vs. 1570), and hence with a higher ceramic yield (74 vs. 68%), compared to a commercial Nipusi type S PCS has been synthesized via the catalytic decomposition of polydimethylsilane at 400 °C using H‐ITQ‐2, a delaminated zeolite with a very high external surface area, as a solid acid. The silicon carbide film fabricated using this PCS was found to show a much lower level (16 vs. 39%) of shrinkage than the commercial PCS‐derived film, together with better mechanical properties, suggesting the potential of its preceramic polymer to produce robust ceramic coatings. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 725–732, 2008
High‐Dose‐Rate Remote Afterloaders for Intraoperative Radiation Therapy
Authors: Gao Song , Delclos Marc E. , Tomas Lyvia C. , Crane Christopher H. , Beddar Sam 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACTINTRAOPERATIVE RADIATION THERAPY (IORT) is a treatment option that directly irradiates a surgically exposed tumor or tumor bed while preventing radiation exposure of normal tissues.THIS ARTICLE DISCUSSES the high‐dose‐rate intraoperative radiation therapy (HDR‐IORT) technique by reviewing the roles of IORT team members, discussing needed equipment and supplies, describing quality assurance processes, explaining the HDR‐IORT treatment delivery procedure, and reviewing the post‐treatment phase. AORN J 86 (November 2007) 827–836.
Supply chain risk identification with value‐focused process engineering
Authors: Neiger Dina , Rotaru Kristian , Churilov Leonid 
Published: December 2007

AbstractTogether with numerous benefits that were brought about by the transition from the silo enterprise perspective towards the process‐based supply chain view of contemporary business, new sources of risk appeared due to the complex systemic nature of the supply chains. The need to reduce the increased level of supply chain vulnerability has been identified as a key research issue in the domain of supply chain management. In this paper, a novel value‐focused process engineering methodology for process‐based supply chain risk identification is proposed with the aim to increase value to supply chain members and supply chain as a whole. The proposed methodology is illustrated with a generic supply chain scenario example.