bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac sympathetic nerve activity during kainic acid–induced limbic cortical seizures in rats
Authors: Hotta Harumi , Koizumi Kiyomi , Stewart Mark 
Published: December 2008

SummaryWe sought to define changes in cardiac sympathetic nerve activity that occur during seizures. We studied kainic acid–induced limbic cortical seizures in urethane‐anesthetized rats using cardiac sympathetic nerve, blood pressure, and electrocardiography (ECG) recordings. We studied changes in ventilation rate before and during seizures. Cardiac sympathetic nerve activity was increased during limbic cortical seizures. The modest increases were similar to changes induced by nitroprusside infusion. The normal relation of cardiac sympathetic nerve activity to ventilation rate was lost during seizure activity. Changes in cardiac sympathetic nerve activity caused by changes in ventilation rate became unpredictable, and could be extreme. We conclude that the modest changes in cardiac sympathetic nerve activity contribute to the predominantly parasympathetic effects on the heart during limbic cortical seizures and periods of asphyxia. Further, ventilation rate changes might be associated with large sudden increases or decreases in cardiac sympathetic outflow during seizures.
Swimming training prevents pentylenetetrazol‐induced inhibition of Na+, K+‐ATPase activity, seizures, and oxidative stress
Authors: Souza Mauren Assis , Oliveira Mauro Schneider , Furian Ana Flávia , Rambo Leonardo Magno , Ribeiro Leandro Rodrigo , Lima Frederico Diniz , Corte Liriana Correa Dalla , Silva Luiz Fernando Almeida , Retamoso Leandro Thies , Corte Cristiane Lenz Dalla , Puntel Gustavo Orione , De Avila Daiana Silva , Soares Félix Alexandre Antunes , Fighera Michele Rechia , De Mello Carlos Fernando , Royes Luiz Fernando Freire 
Published: December 2008

SummaryPurpose: In the present study we decided to investigate whether physical exercise protects against the electrographic, oxidative, and neurochemical alterations induced by subthreshold to severe convulsive doses of pentyltetrazole (PTZ).Methods: The effect of swimming training (6 weeks) on convulsive behavior induced by PTZ (30, 45, and 60 mg/kg, i.p.) was measured and different electrographic electroencephalography (EEG) frequencies obtained from freely moving rats. After EEG recordings, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, nonprotein sulfhydryl (NPS), protein carbonyl, thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), Na+, K+‐ATPase activity, and glutamate uptake were measured in the cerebral cortex of rats.Results: We showed that physical training increased latency and attenuated the duration of generalized seizures induced by administration of PTZ (45 mg/kg). EEG recordings showed that physical exercise decreased the spike amplitude after PTZ administration (all doses). Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed that protection of physical training against PTZ‐induced seizures strongly correlated with NPS content, Na+, K+‐ATPase activity, and glutamate‐uptake maintenance. Physical training also increased SOD activity, NPS content, attenuated ROS generation per se, and was effective against inhibition of Na+, K+‐ATPase activity induced by a subthreshold convulsive dose of PTZ (30 mg/kg). In addition, physical training protected against 2′,7′‐dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH‐DA) oxidation, TBARS and protein carbonyl increase, decrease of NPS content, inhibition of SOD and catalase, and inhibition glutamate uptake induced by PTZ.Conclusions: These data suggest that effective protection of selected targets for free radical damage, such as Na+, K+‐ATPase, elicited by physical training protects against the increase of neuronal excitability and oxidative damage induced by PTZ.
History of the Meetings of the Allied Social Science Associations Since World War II
Authors: Siegfried John J. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe Allied Social Science Associations is a marketing name for an annual three‐day, citywide conference of about 9,000 economists that is organized, managed, and controlled by the American Economic Association (AEA). AEA invites the participation of about 50 additional (i.e., allied) economics‐related societies that organize the scholarly content of a portion of the ASSA meetings. It is this broader meeting that operates under the ASSA flag. Although the AEA has met periodically with other social science associations since the 19th century, the current format dates back to the 1960s. The convention rotates among approximately 10 large U.S. cities. A centralized staff at AEA headquarters in Nashville, Tennessee has managed the convention since 1986. The ASSA name was first used on the conference program in 1952.
The Role of Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Evaluation of Acute Asthma in a Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Kwok Maria Y. , Walsh‐Kelly Christine M. , Gorelick Marc H. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractObjectives:  Fractional excretion of nitric oxide (FENO) has been used as a noninvasive marker to assess and manage chronic asthma in adults and children. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of obtaining FENO concentrations in children treated in the emergency department (ED) for acute asthma exacerbation and to examine the association between FENO concentrations and other measures of acute asthma severity.Methods:  This was a cross‐sectional study of a convenience sample of children 2–18 years old who were seen in an urban ED for acute asthma exacerbation. Using a tidal breathing method with real‐time display, the authors measured FENO concentrations before and 1 hour after the administration of corticosteroids and at discharge from the ED. Outcome measures included pulmonary index score (PIS), hospital admission, and short‐term outcomes (e.g., missed days of school).Results:  A total of 133 subjects were enrolled. Sixty‐eight percent (95% confidence interval [CI] = 60% to 76%) of the subjects provided adequate breaths for FENO measurement. There was no difference in the median initial FENO concentration among subjects, regardless of the severity of their acute asthma. Most subjects showed no change in their FENO concentrations from the start to the end of treatment. FENO concentrations were not significantly associated with other short‐term outcomes.Conclusions:  Measurement of FENO is difficult for a large proportion of children with acute asthma exacerbation. FENO concentration during an asthma exacerbation does not correlate with other measures of acute severity and has limited utility in the ED management of acute asthma in children.
Decreased bone density and treatment in patients with autosomal recessive cutis laxa
Authors: Noordam C , Funke S , Knoers NV , Jira P , Wevers RA , Urban Z , Morava E 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAim: Due to the occasional association pathological fractures and osteoporosis we evaluated four patients with cutis laxa syndrome for skeletal anomalies.Patient/Methods: We prospectively evaluated four patients, a male and a female child and a brother‐sister sib pair, with dysmorphic features, growth delay, joint anomalies, psychomotor retardation and congenital cutis laxa. The clinical features and the family history were suggestive for autosomal recessive cutis laxa syndrome type II, partially overlapping with geroderma ostedysplastica. Skeletal survey, sequential bone density measurements, endocrine and metabolic investigations were performed including N‐ and O‐linked glycosylation analysis. ATP6V0A2 and FBLN5 mutations were ruled out in all patients.Results: All children were diagnosed with significantly decreased bone density, especially in the lumbar spine, including spontaneous vertebral and rib fractures in three children. Following 24 months of bisphosphonate treatment a total restitution of bone density was observed in three cases and no relapse was detected in the 2‐year follow‐up period. A spontaneous improvement was found in one female during puberty.Conclusion: Bone disease might occur early in the course in autosomal recessive cutis laxa syndrome. We report on a significant clinical improvement and stabilization in our patients following bisphosphonate therapy. We suggest early, systemic evaluation and follow up of bone density in all children presenting with inherited cutis laxa.
Molar Intrusion with Implants Using a Bite Plane Appliance: A Case Report
Authors: Kato Satoshi , Kato Michiko 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTBackground: Orthodontic forces for tooth intrusion ought to be continuous and low, which may be achieved with the help of osseointegrated implants.Purpose: The aims of this study were to describe a method to intrude supererupted maxillary molars using interarch intrusion mechanics (a bite plane appliance) with implants and to assess anchor implant stability through resonance frequency analysis (RFA; Osstell™, Mentor version 2, Integration Diagnostics AB, Göteborg, Sweden) in comparison with nonanchorage control implants during orthodontic intrusion.Materials and Methods: A 48‐year‐old female patient was treated with implants (36 and 37 regions, Brånemark Implant System®, MkIII TiUNite™, Nobel Biocare AB, Göteborg, Sweden; lengths, 13 and 10 mm; diameter, 5 mm) serving as orthodontic anchorage for intrusion of supraerupted teeth in the maxilla (teeth 26 and 27) using a bite plane appliance. The force of intrusion applied was individual discontinuous bite force in the present case. The control implants were in the sites 45, 46, and 47 with healing abutments out of loading. Stability of both the anchorage and control implants was assessed by RFA from the commencement of orthodontic intrusion (7 months after the first‐stage surgery) to the end of the study (19 months after the first‐stage surgery). Marginal bone height measurements of both implants were performed on radiographs at the same time.Results: The treatment was completed without complications or abnormalities of the intruded teeth or the opposite anchorage implants. However, implant stability quotient values of the anchored implants obviously changed during the initial 4 months after commencement of intrusion compared with control implants. In the present case, an intrusion of 2.2 mm was achieved in 12 months.Conclusions: The present method made it possible to intrude molars successfully. However, further studies with more cases are needed to clarify the reliability of the method and determine how to control the bite forces applied as orthodontic load.
Immediate/Early Loading of Zygomatic Implants: Clinical Experiences after 2 to 5 Years of Follow‐up
Authors: Aparicio Carlos , Ouazzani Wafaa , Aparicio Arnau , Fortes Vanessa , Muela Rosa , Pascual Andres , Codesal Maria , Barluenga Natalia , Franch Monica 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTBackground: Conventional prosthetic treatment of the edentulous and resorbed maxilla with zygomatic implants is a lengthy procedure. Today, immediate/early loading is a clinical reality and it is possible that such protocols could be used also for zygomatic implants.Purpose: The aim of the present study is to report on the clinical outcomes of immediate/early loading of zygomatic implants for prosthetic rehabilitation of edentulous and severely resorbed maxillary cases.Materials and Methods: A total of 47 zygomatic and 129 regular implants were placed in 25 consecutive patients with total (N = 23) or partial (N = 2) edentulism in the maxilla. The patients had less than 4 mm of available bone height and width distal to the canine pillars. Straight and angulated abutments and impression copings were attached to the implants during surgery. Impressions and bite registrations were made and 19 patients received a bridge within 24 hours and six patients were rehabilitated within 5 days. Screw‐retained full arch restorations were used in 23 patients and cemented in 2 patients. The patients were instructed for a soft diet during 4 months. Follow‐up controls were performed at 1, 4, and 12 months and thereafter annually. All patients were followed for at least 2 years and up to 5 years in function.Results: All zygomatic implants were stable during the follow‐up (cumulative survival rate 100%). One regular implant placed in the pterygoid plate failed after 52 months of loading (cumulative survival rate 99.2%). Apart from fracture of one abutment screw and of anterior teeth in five patients, no other complications were noted.Conclusions: Within the limitations of the present study, it is concluded that immediate/early loading is a viable treatment modality for prosthetic rehabilitation of the severely resorbed maxilla using zygomatic and conventional implants.
Immediate/Early Function of Neoss Implants Placed in Maxillas and Posterior Mandibles: An 18‐Month Prospective Case Series Study
Authors: Bogaerde Leonardo Vanden , Pedretti Giorgio , Sennerby Lars , Meredith Neil 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTBackground: An increasing number of studies show that immediate/early function of dental implants can be as successful as two‐stage procedures. However, the results may not be universal for all implant types and it is important that new implants are tested for this treatment modality.Purpose: The aim was to evaluate an immediate/early function protocol in the maxilla and in the posterior mandible using Neoss implants (Neoss Ltd., Harrogate, UK).Materials and Methods: A total of 21 patients were provided with 69 Neoss implants (4 mm in diameter and 9–15 mm in length) and a provisional bridge within 7 days (mean 4.6 days). Sixteen implants were placed in immediate extraction sites where seven were treated with autologous bone grafts (n = 6) or bone grafts + resorbable membrane (n = 1). A final fixed prosthesis was made 3 to 6 months later. The patients were followed‐up with clinical examinations for 18 months. In addition, the implants were monitored with resonance frequency analysis (RFA) measurements at surgery and after 1, 2, and 6 months. Intraoral radiographs were taken after surgery and after 1, 6, and 18 months.Results: One implant in an extraction site in the maxilla failed after 1 month, giving a survival rate of 98.5% after 18 months. The mean marginal bone loss was 0.7 mm (SD 0.7) after 18 months. RFA showed a mean implant stability quotient (ISQ) value of 68.1 (SD 8.8) at surgery, which increased to 73.7 (SD 5.7) after 6 months. The primary stability for maxillary and mandibular implants was similar, although mandibular implants showed slightly higher values with time. Implants in extraction sockets showed a lower initial stability than in healed sites, ISQ 65.8 (SD 7.5), which increased to ISQ 67.5 (SD 6.9) after 6 months. The failed implant showed an ISQ of 74 at placement, which decreased to 42 1 month after surgery.Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present study, it is concluded that immediate/early function with Neoss implants is a reliable method with an implant survival rate comparable to that of the traditional two‐stage protocol.
Determining Registered Nurses' Readiness for Evidence‐Based Practice
Authors: Thiel Linda , Ghosh Yashowanto 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT Background: As health care systems worldwide move toward instituting evidence‐based practice (EBP), its implementation can be challenging. Conducting a baseline assessment to determine nurses' readiness for EBP presents opportunities to plan strategies before implementation. Although a growing body of research literature is focused on implementing EBP, little attention has been paid to assessing nurses' readiness for EBP. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess registered nurses' readiness for EBP in a moderate‐sized acute care hospital in the Midwestern United States before implementation of a hospital‐wide nursing EBP initiative. Design and Methods: A descriptive cross‐sectional survey design was used; 121 registered nurses completed the survey. The participants (n= 121) completed the 64‐item Nurses' Readiness for Evidence‐Based Practice Survey that allowed measurement of information needs, knowledge and skills, culture, and attitudes. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a post hoc analysis. Results: The majority (72.5%) of respondents indicated that when they needed information, they consulted colleagues and peers rather than using journals and books; 24% of nurses surveyed used the health database, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL®). The respondents perceived their EBP knowledge level as moderate. Cultural EBP scores were moderate, with unit scores being higher than organizational scores. The nurses' attitudes toward EBP were positive. The post hoc analysis showed many significant correlations. Conclusions and Implications: Nurses have access to technological resources and perceive that they have the ability to engage in basic information gathering but not in higher level evidence gathering. The elements important to EBP such as a workplace culture and positive attitudes are present and can be built upon. A “site‐specific” baseline assessment provides direction in planning EBP initiatives. The Nurses' Readiness for EBP Survey is a streamlined tool with established reliability and validity.
Erectile Dysfunction and Mental Health in a General Population of Older Men
Authors: Korfage Ida J. , Pluijm Saskia , Roobol Monique , Dohle Gert R. , Schröder Fritz H. , Essink-Bot Marie-Louise 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is more prevalent with increasing age. Previous studies showed that ED was negatively associated with mental health (MH) in specific patient groups.

Aim
To examine the association, and potential mediating factors, between ED and MH in healthy elderly men.

Main Outcome Measures
ED was defined as (almost) always having problems in achieving or maintaining an erection if desired, or not being sexually active because of erectile problems. MH was assessed with 36-item Short-Form Health Survey scale MH5 with five items on, e.g., being happy or depressed (range 0–100). Potential mediators between ED and MH were satisfaction with and importance attached to sex life.

Methods
The study population consisted of a consecutive sample of 3,810 participants from the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer, aged 57–78 years, who had screened negatively for prostate cancer. Associations between ED, potential mediating factors, and MH were tested by analysis of variance and analysis of covariance.

Results
Covariance analysis, adjusted for age, comorbidity, and use of erectile aids, showed that men with ED had significantly lower MH scores (80.8 ± 1.2) than men without ED (83.7 ± 1.2; P &lt; 0.001). ED was also associated with the potential mediator “satisfaction with sex life” but not with “importance attached to sex life.” Men with ED were significantly more often dissatisfied with their sex lives (P &lt; 0.001). Adjustment for satisfaction with sex life, but not for importance attached to sex life, reduced the strength of the association (β value) between ED and poor MH from 2.88 to −0.84.

Conclusions
ED was associated with poorer MH. Satisfaction with sex life, but not importance attached to sex life, may play a mediating role in this association. These results suggest that if men with ED can be helped to be satisfied with their sex lives despite ED, MH can be preserved.
Sexual Function and Tunica Albuginea Wound Healing Following Penile Fracture: An 18-year Follow-Up Study of 352 Patients from Kermanshah, Iran
Authors: Zargooshi Javaad 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT

Introduction
We present a study on the experiences of penile fracture in an Iranian population.

Aim
To determine the long-term outcome of penile fracture.

Methods
Between April 1990 and May 2008, 373 patients presented with clinical features suggestive of penile fracture. Of these, 11 declined surgery. The remaining 362 were operated upon using a degloving incision. Ten patients had venous injury and 352 had penile fracture. At follow-up visits, in addition to answering our questionnaire, the patients completed the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), Erection Hardness Grading Scale (EHGS), and global self-assessment of potency (GSAP). To enhance documentation and to promote transparency, with the patients’ permission, their full name and hospital chart number was sent to the journal.

Main Outcome Measures
Clinical findings and IIEF and EHGS scores.

Results
Mean patients’ age was 29.6 years. Mean duration of follow-up was 93.6 months. Diagnosis was solely clinical. At presentation, 278 (78.9%) reported no pain. Cavernosography, ultrasonography, or magnetic resonance imaging was not used in any of the patients. Penile fracture was due to taqaandan in 269 patients (76.4%). Patients were treated with surgical exploration and repair within 24 hours of admission, regardless of delay in presentation. A nodule was found at follow-up in 330 patients (93.7%). The painless, mostly proximal nodule was palpated at the floor of the corpora cavernosa, in a deep midline position above the corpus spongiosum. The non-expansive nodule was not associated with erectile dysfunction (ED) or Peyronie’s disease. Postoperative complications included mild penile pain in cold weather (two patients), transient wound edema (one patient), mild chordee (four patients), and occasional instability of the erect penis (one patient).
Postoperatively, of the 217 patients who had partners, 214 (98.6%) were potent. Mean IIEF ED domain score was 29.8 ± 1.1. The EHGS score was 4 in 203 and 3 in 11. The GSAP score was 0 in 204, 1 in 8, and 2 in 2. ED in the remaining three could not be explained by penile fracture. Of 10 nonoperated patients, eight (80%) developed ED.

Conclusion
Pain is rare in penile fracture. Postoperatively, almost all patients develop a permanent, inconsequential, fibrotic nodule. Our time-tested approach provided excellent long-term sexual function.
Frequency and distribution of Epstein–Barr virus infection and its association with P53 expression in a series of primary nodal non‐Hodgkin lymphoma patients from South India
Authors: SASIKALA P. S. , NIRMALA K. , SUNDERSINGH S. , MAHJI U. , RAJKUMAR T. 
Published: December 2008

SummaryThis study investigated the prevalence of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection and its association with P53 expression in a panel of 87 previously untreated nodal non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) from India. Polymerase chain reaction specific for Epstein Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) and EBNA‐3C was performed on the lymphnode tissue DNA, while P53 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. EBV, predominantly type A strain, was detected in 27/87 (31%) nodal lymphoid malignancies, 11/46 diffuse large B‐cell lymphomas, 6/17 follicular lymphoma, 4/6 anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCL), 5/11 peripheral T‐cell lymphomas (PTCL) and 1/7 lymphoblastic lymphomas. EBV infection was more frequently observed in a specific subset of nodal NHL, suggesting a causative role of EBV infection in the pathogenesis of ALCL and PTCL. There was no significant association between EBV and P53 expression in our series of NHL patients.