bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Properties of Sol Gel Dip Coated ZnO Films
Authors: Murali K. R. , Manjunathan U. , Kathiravan J. , Senthil P. , Krishna J. 
Published: November 2007

Zinc oxide films were deposited on glass substrates by the sol gel dip coating method using Acrylamide route. The films were characterized by x-ray diffraction studies which indicated	wurtzite structure. Optical absorption measurements indicated band gap in the range of 3.17 - 3.32 eV. XPS studies indicated the formation of ZnO. The resistivity of the films were in the range of 1000 - 10000 ohm cm.
Study On Peripheral Circulation Using Macroaggregated Serum Albumin Labelled With Radioactive Iodine
Authors: Shida Hisao , Ohara Itaru 
Published: November 2007

The existence of anatomical and functional arteriovenous shunts was demon strated in the limbs by injecting radioiodinated macro-aggregated serum albu min into the feeding main artery. The size of shunt included those with about 20-50 μ. Consequently, the degree of shunt could be analyzed. Scintiscanning after intraarterial injection of radioiodinated macroaggre gated serum albumin into the limb may be used as one of the ancillary methods for the diagnosis of peripheral vascular diseases. Especially, the study is useful when the findings are compared with that of peripheral arteriography. In order to detect occlusions of arterial trees of the limbs without resorting to arteriography in those with peripheral arterial occlusive lesions, scanning of a suspected area of the extremities with a scintillation detector after injection of 131I labelled macroaggregated serum albumin (abbr. 131I MAA) into the main feeding artery was carried out. Occasionally, the site of occlusion of the main artery which was demonstrated by arteriography was consistent with the find ings by scintiscanning. 1,2 However, the results were not highly successful. Jones et al3 in 1965 reported that when 131I MAA was injected into the femoral artery, normal and abnormal patterns of regional blood flow had been observed. In our study, it became obvious that regional blood flow was greatly influenced with the collaterals depending on the site, extent and period of occlusion. In this study, the anatomical and functional collateral blood flow in man with occlu sive vascular disease will be described.
Diagnosis of Ventricular Conduction Defects
Authors: Talbot S. 
Published: November 2007

A total of 1342 electrocardiograms demonstrating intraventricular con duction defects were reviewed. Criteria for distinguishing different types of conduction defects and combinations of such defects are presented. The time of intrinsicoid deflection was of great value and may be used to distinguish lesions of the main fascicles and peripheral Purkinje con duction defects. However multiple peripheral defects affecting a large area of myocardium can produce a pattern identical to left bundle branch block. It is suggested that intrinsicoid deflection time should be measured from the beginning of the QRS to the onset of the longest downslope at or after the peak of the R wave. It should be carefully related to the voltage of the dominant wave of the QRS complex in each lead. If intrinsicoid deflection is delayed in a limb lead that does not show the maximum voltage of the QRS, a peripheral left ventricular conduction defect is present; but if the lead does show the maximum voltage of the QRS, the defect may be central or peripheral. Another useful electrocardiographic feature was the direction of both the initial and terminal QRS forces in the 12-lead electrocardiogram. Such analysis often resolved the diagnosis of hemiblocks when the axis was indeterminate.
Long-Term Effects of Furosemide and Hydrochlorothiazide in Patients With Essential Hypertension
Authors: Finnerty Frank A. , Maxwell Morton H. , Lunn John , Moser Marvin 
Published: November 2007

In a double-blind study the long-term effects of diuretics in uncompli cated mild and moderate essential hypertension were investigated. A total of 52 outpatients completed 24 months of treatment with either furose mide at a dose of 40 mg twice daily (26 patients) or hydrochlorothiazide at a dose of 50 mg twice daily (26 patients). Throughout the 2 years of the study, both furosemide and hydro chlorothiazide significantly lowered the mean supine blood pressure from baseline levels. The fall was less with furosemide than with hydrochloro thiazide, although the difference between the two drugs reached statistical significance at only three of the eight time points. Serum electrolytes were used as major indicators of safety. The cumulative incidence of hypokalemia of 8% for the furosemide group compared to that of 62% for the hydrochlorothiazide group. Although diuretics, alone or combined with other blood pressure-lower ing drugs, have been used for many years to treat essential hypertension, information on their continued efficacy and safety is scarce. Short-term trials had shown that furosemide (Lasix(®)) resembled the thiazides in its antihypertensive properties,1-3 despite its different mode of action on the kidney. A cooperative study in hypertensive patients was therefore under taken at three clinical centers to investigate the long-term effects of furose mide on blood pressure and on serum electrolytes, and to compare them with those of hydrochlorothiazide.
Effects of Nitroglycerine Ointment On the Apexcardiogram and Systolic Time Intervals
Authors: Wayne Howard H. 
Published: November 2007

Ten patients with angina pectoris and a previous myocardial infarction were administered nitroglycerine (NTG) ointment, sublingual NTG, and a placebo ointment in a double-blind study. Left ventricular function was monitored noninvasively over 3 hours. Two patients showed no response to any of the NTG preparations and were excluded from the results. Left ventricular function improved in all remaining patients after both the sublingual NTG and the NTG ointment, but not the placebo ointment. This improvement was evidenced by a redution in a wave amplitude and duration of the apexcardiogram (ACG). At the same time the isovolumic relaxation time increased significantly and indicated a reduction in left atrial pressure. Also, a simultaneous improvement in the slope of the systolic wave indicated improved wall motion. The ΔLVET decreased, presumably because of a decrease in venous return due to peripheral pooling. None of these parameters changed significantly during the con trol period or after application of the placebo ointment. The onset of the effect after sublingual NTG was 3-5 minutes with a duration of 15-30 minutes. The NTG ointment had its onset of action at 20-30 minutes, a peak effect at 90 minutes, and a still significant effect at 3 hours. These findings clearly demonstrate the improvement in left ven tricular function that occurs in patients with ischemic heart disease in the absence of chest pain, and suggests that continual usage would be benefi cial even in patients with infrequent angina.
Arterial Flow in The Lower Leg Correlated With Plasma Levels of Two Formulations of Papaverine Hydrochloride
Authors: Lee Bok Y. , Trainor Frieda S. 
Published: November 2007

In patients with severe peripheral vascular disease (mean arterial flow of 40 ml/min), a suspension of papaverine in a soft gelatin capsule produced plasma levels almost three times higher than those following treatment with a sustained- release tablet formulation. The higher plasma levels resulted in significantly greater vasodilation with increased distal arterial flow. The onset of peak pulsatile flow with the soft gelatin form came sooner than with the sustained- release form. However the durations of vasodilation were similar with both papaverine preparations. The vasodilatory activity of papaverine appeared to be greater in the sympathectomized leg. The soft gelatin formulation of papaverine may be an orally active vasodila tor, maintaining a distal runoff after reconstruction of a large artery, and may be effective in sustaining a longer vasodilatory effect in patients with small vessel disease, when surgical procedures may not be applicable.
Gaisböck's Syndrome: Its Hematologic, Biochemical and Hormonal Parameters
Authors: Stefanini Mario , Urbas John V. , Urbas John E. 
Published: November 2007

The syndrome of plethora without splenomegaly, leukocytosis, or throm bocytosis was described by Gaisböck in 1905. It was reevaluated in 25 patients through the study of numerous hematologic and biochemical parameters. Sta tistically significant findings included mild obesity; elevation of blood pressure (especially diastolic); decrease in plasma volume with relative increase in red cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, viscosity of blood, elevation of plasma proteins, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, and plasma renin; and increased excretion of urinary sodium. The reduction in plasma volume seemed related to the elevation of the diastolic blood pressure, and favorable through temporary therapeutic results were produced by some antihypertensive agents. The elevation of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and uric acid, the increased blood viscosity, and the elevated plasma renin were reminescent of the biochem ical changes observed in some instances of hypertension and atherosclerotic disease. They may explain why patients with the Gaisböck's syndrome belong to the high risk group of hypertensive individuals who often develop cardiovascu lar complications. While its long-term effects remain to be evaluated, treatment with nondiuretic antihypertensive drugs may help reduce the incidence of these complications.
Effect of Age, Cardiovascular Disease, and Vasomotor Changes on Transmission of Arterial Pressure Waves Through the Lower Extremities
Authors: Carter Stefan A. 
Published: November 2007

Pressure waves were recorded by indwelling needles in the femoral and foot arteries. At the foot the systolic and pulse pressures were greater and the dicrotic wave more prominent. These changes during transmission increased during vasoconstriction and decreased during vasodilatation. The ratio of the distal to femoral pulse pressure (amplification) increased from 1.13 ± 0.05 during body heating to 1.47 ± 0.06 during body cooling ( P < 0.01), and from 1.14 ± 0.10 during infusion of trimethaphan to 1.42 ± 0.02 during cooling ( P < 0.05). Amplification was also significantly greater following inhalation of amyl nitrite and during and after Valsalva maneuver. Greater pulse pressure at the foot paralleled greater amplitude of individual harmonics. Phase velocities decreased with increasing frequency and tended to level off at a value similar to the foot-to-foot pulse wave velocity. The findings are consistent with peripheral reflections of the waves which increase during vasoconstriction. In the absence of procedures that elicit vasoconstriction or vasodilatation, amplification averaged 1.35 ± 0.03 in control subjects less than 35 years of age, and 1.24 ± 0.06 in older subjects ( P > 0.05). Amplification also did not differ significantly between control subjects and patients with hypertension or is chemic heart disease. In the absence of pronounced vasodilatation or encroach ment on the lumen by atherosclerotic plaques, systolic and pulse pressures at the foot should be higher than in proximal pulses. These findings provide a firm basis for interpreting measurements of distal systolic pressures by using blood pressure cuffs when examining patients with occlusive arterial disease in the extremities.
Right-Heart Catheterization in Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Friedman Howard S. 
Published: November 2007

The performance of routine right-heart catheterization on patients under going study for coronary artery disease is a subject of controversy. Accordingly, data from 100 consecutive patients who had coronary arteriography and right- heart catheterization were analyzed. Seventy-nine had significant (>70% ste nosis) coronary disease (group I), and 21 had patent coronary vessels (group II). Although group I patients had a lower ejection fraction (EF) 53 ± 2 vs 65 ± 2%, P < 0.05) and stroke work index (SW) (52 ± 2.2 vs 69 ±4.2 Gm-m/m2, P < 0.001) than group II patients, systolic pulmonary artery (PA) pressure (31 ± 1.6 vs 26 ± 1.2 mmHg, NS), pulmonary arteriolar resistance (PAR) (2.3 ± 0.2 vs 1.7 ± 0.2 u,NS), and cardiac index (CI) (3.1 ± 0.3 vs 3.1 ± 0.2 L/min/m2, NS) were not different. Systolic PA pressure in group I correlated with left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), SW, and EF, but these relationships were not strong (r < 0.57, all P < 0.01). Eight patients had a PA pressure greater than 50 mm Hg (66 ± 3.8 mm Hg). All had multivessel disease, extensive asynergy, significant mitral regurgitation, and severe left ventricular dysfunction (CI: 2.2 ± 0.3 L/ min/m2; LVEDP: 33 ± 2 mm Hg; SW: 28 ± 5.5 gm-m/m2 ; EF: 25 + 2%); all were considered inoperable. Six other group I patients also had an EF less than 30% but had lower systolic PA pressures. Four of these had hemodynamic findings indistinguishable from those with severe PA hypertension, whereas 2 had localized aneurysms and no mitral regurgitation, and both survived an open-heart operation. Thus this study supports the view that routine right-heart catheterization in coronary artery disease does not provide additional information that might help in determining patient prognosis or suitability for coronary by-pass surgery.
Changes of Cardiac Output Caused by Aging: An Impedance Cardiographic Study
Authors: Luisada A.A. , Bhat P.K. , Knighten V. 
Published: November 2007

The various parameters of cardiac output were studied in 132 healthy subjects from 20 to 89 years of age by impedance cardiography. This noninvasive method supplied data that were similar to those found by others by dye dilution methods. All parameters of cardiac output decrease with age. However, we found a difference between the two sexes in the rate of decrease of the cardiac index: women had a more marked drop at an earlier age and then a steady course, while men had a progressive decrease from the youngest to the oldest group.
Triple Therapy for Acute Deep Thrombophlebitis
Authors: RuDusky Basil M. 
Published: November 2007

Therapy for patients with extensive thrombophlebitis is often inadequate with available methods. The reluctance of most physicians in private practice to use streptokinase or urokinase is understandable when one considers the cost, hospitalization, length of stay and risks involved. This article discusses a unique and previously unreported mode of drug therapy in these patients, consisting of a combination of drugs designed to combine the antithrombotic and thrombus antipropagating effects of warfarin, the anti-inflammatory effect of trypsin-chy motrypsin enzymes, and the antiplatelet aggregating, antiadhesion, and pos sible enhanced fibrinolytic effects of aspirin with added buffered protection (Ascriptin A/D). This treatment program has been a safe, efficient, economical, and highly effective one for a very costly, common, and disabling disease. It therefore ful fills the ideal criteria for any form of therapy, provided one is knowledgable of its content, and adheres to its contraindications as well as to the basic appli cation of the drugs involved. It is hoped that further investigations along these lines will continue until an ideal solution is reached. Although this is a pre liminary report, this study will continue in its present form, and will be ex panded to include a series of patients on the aspirin-enzyme combination with out the use of warfarin.
Cardiovascular Findings with Bronchogenic Cyst
Authors: Folger Gordon M. , Lewis Joseph W. 
Published: November 2007

A child with a bronchogenic cyst is described who manifested clinical findings indicative of pulmonary arterial stenosis. Compression of the right pulmonary artery by the cyst with a significant pressure gradient between the proximal and distal segments of the right pulmonary artery was verified at surgery. The post-operative follow-up findings have confirmed relief of the stenosis with absence of the murmur originating from it. We have recently reported 1 pulmonary arteriographic findings in a case of bronchogenic cyst confirming the single previously existing report by Selke et al.2 of pulmonary arterial compression and distortion by this entity. We now report a case of a child who had prominent cardiovascular findings which subsequently were proven due to external pulmonary arterial compres sion by a bronchogenic cyst.
Uncomplicated Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm Detected by Echocardiography in an Asymptomatic Patient: Case Report
Authors: Zoneraich Samuel , Zoneraich Olga , Gupta Mohinder P. , Garvey Julius 
Published: November 2007

Echocardiography was extremely useful in detecting a distinctive echo graphic pattern with uncomplicated right sinus of Valsalva aneurysm. The patient was clinically asymptomatic. The chest x-ray showed a normal cardiac silhouette. Electrocardiographic abnormalities including first degree atrio-ventricular block, right bundle branch block, and left anterior hemi block observed during a routine cardiac clinic visit led to the echocardi ographic investigation. The right sinus of Valsalva aneurysm protruded high into the septum and into the left ventricular chamber adjacent to the interventricular septum. At surgery, the aneurysm was closed by the placement of a Dacron elastic patch.
Clinical Relevance of Blood Viscosity and Red Cell Deformability Including Newer Therapeutic Aspects
Authors: Dormandy John A. , Yates C.J.P. , Berent G.A. 
Published: November 2007

Peripheral ischemia is mostly due to narrowing of the vessels, although blood supply is also influenced by the hemorheologic properties of the blood. Recent research has revealed that abnormally high blood viscosity can be a contributing cause in ischemia. Therapeutically decreasing the blood viscosity improves the ischemia by increasing flow through the narrowed vessels and may as such offer a valuable alternative to surgery. Different possible therapeutic approaches for decreasing blood viscosity and the related clinical evidence are discussed.
Finger Systolic Pressures and Skin Temperatures in Severe Raynaud's Syndrome: The Relationship to Healing of Skin Lesions and the Use of Oral Phenoxybenzamine
Authors: Carter Stefan A. 
Published: November 2007

Systolic pressures and skin temperatures were studied in 23 patients with severe Raynaud's syndrome who were given oral phenoxybenzamine. There was a relationship between the measurements and the severity of the disease. Statistically significant correlation was found between the measurements and the time for healing of skin lesions. The chances of early healing are high when digital systolic pressure exceeds 55 mm Hg, the brachial-finger pressure difference is less than 50 mm Hg, and the maximal difference among fingers less than 30 mm Hg. Early healing is also likely when finger temper ature of 10°C or more above room temperature is achieved during "reflex" heating and the difference in temperature among fingers is less than 4°C. Therefore, the measurements are of value in the determination of prognosis. Rest pain, local tenderness, trophic skin changes, and vasospastic phenom ena improved in the majority of patients soon after beginning treatment with phenoxybenzamine. Some side effects, usually minor, were common but with doses not exceeding 50 mg used in this study they were usually not trouble some and the drug was tolerated well. Phenoxybenzamine is a valuable drug in the treatment of patients with severe vasospastic disease.
Subungueal-Splinter Hemorrhage an Early Sign of Thromboangitis Obliterans
Authors: Quenneville J.G. , Prat A. , Gossard D. 
Published: November 2007

Subungueal splinter hemorrhage (S.U.S.H.) has been reported in various conditions and may herald a serious systemic disease. It has been related to miscellaneous conditions such as: sub- acute bacterial endocarditis, severe rheumatoid arthritis, uninfected mitral stenosis, trichinosis, peptic ulcer, hy pertension, neoplasm, trauma, and in some cases, is considered idiopath ic.1, 2 Some dermatologic conditions such as psoriasis, dermatitis, and fungal infections may also produce S.U.S.H. 3 It consists of "a homogeneous mass of blood in a layer of squamous cells, ad herent to the under surface of the nail, considered to be of embolic origin."1 In a brief review of pertinent medical literature on thromboangiitis obliter ans, we were unable to find a descrip tion of its occurrence in this disease.2, 4, 5 The earliest lesions described in this condition are "painful vesicles on the pulp of digits with intense hyperhemia and hypersensitivity of the surrounding skin."4 It is our opinion that S.U.S.H. is an earlier and quite useful sign of arte rial involvement as seen in the following cases observed in our vascular disease section.
Comparative Study of the Echocardiographic Findings in Hypertensive and Nonhypertensive Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Agatston Arthur , Rubler Shirley , Abenavoli Tancredi , Kaye Susan , Dolgin Martin 
Published: November 2007

Thirty adult male patients with advanced myocardial disease were evaluated by echocardiography. Fourteen were hypertensive; 16 were normotensive. In the former group, 7 subjects had hypertension alone; 7 had combined hypertension and alcoholism or ischemia. The latter group included 4 patients with ischemia, 6 patients with alcoholism, and 6 with idiopathic cardiomyopathy. Nine of the 14 hypertensives and 3 of 6 subjects with ischemic disease had diabetes. Compared to the normotensives, the hypertensive subjects had greater posterior wall thickness (10.4 ± 1.3 mm versus 8.3 ±1.1 mm) (p < 0.001), a larger left ventricular mass (expressed as cross-sectional area) (26.8 ± 6.6 cm2 versus 19.6 ± 3.3 cm 2) (p < 0.001) and a larger aortic root dimension (34.9 ± 2.8 mm versus 30.3 ± 5.5 mm) (p < 0.01). Aortic root size was >32 mm in 12 of 16 hypertensive and in only 3 of 16 without hypertension. Reduction in the percentage of systolic thickening of the septum was more pronounced than that of the posterior wall in all types of cardiomyopathy (1.30 ± 4.0% versus 24.6 ± 16.0%, respectively) (p < 0.001) and excursion of interventricular septum and posterior wall was uniformly depressed. Ischemic heart disease could therefore not be differentiated from other forms of cardiomyopathy by analysis of segmental function. When cardiomyopathy was associated with mitral insufficiency, the posterior aortic root motion was greater (6.6 ± 1.7 mm) than in its absence (3.4 ± 1.0 mm) (p < 0.001), and the septal excursion was more pronounced with mitral incompetence. Additional echocardiographic features of cardiomyopathy included the uniform presence of multiple systolic echoes and "hammock" appearance of the mitral valve and AC notching of the tricuspid valve. We conclude that hypertensive cardiomyopathy can be distinguished from nonhypertensive types of advanced heart disease but that ischemic, alcoholic, and idiopathic cardiomyopathies cannot be differentiated by echocardiography.
Hemodynamic and Angiographic Findings in a Case of Kinking of the Aorta
Authors: Lembo Carlo Maria , Latte Salvatore 
Published: November 2007

The authors report a case of aortic kinking associated with abnormalities of the size of aortic arch vessels. The diagnostic aid of hemodynamic and angiographic techniques is em phasized. The possibility that aortic kinking and the abnormalities of aortic arch vessels may be etiologically related is suggested.