bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment and characterization of a new human B‐cell line (ONHL‐1) from non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma: Constant expression of bcl‐2 gene during mitogen‐induced growth inhibition
Authors: Matsumura Itaru , Tamaki Toshiharu , Katagiri Shuichi , Taniwaki Masafumi , Tominaga Nobuhiko , Oritani Kenji , Iida Masato , Yagura Hirosuke , Yonezawa Takeshi , Tarui Seiichiro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new B‐cell line (ONHL‐I) was established from non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma. ONHL‐I was free from Epstein‐Barr virus nuclear antigen and expressed CD20, CD24, and slg (μ, δ, γ and κ), thus being equivalent to the mature B‐cell stage. Chromosome analysis revealed a markedly abnormal pattern including 14q+ and 6q‐ In accordance with the positive expression of surface K light chains, one of the K genes was found to be rearranged. However, rearrangement of the À locus was also detected, contrary to the supposed hierarchy for the rearrangement of the light‐chain genes. The cell line showed rearrangement of the bcl‐2 gene. Further, the rearranged fragments of the JH, CA, and bci‐2 genes were of the same size in the EcoRI and HindIII digests on the same filter. This may suggest that the bcl‐2 gene is juxtaposed with the JH and CA locus. The proliferation of ONHL‐I was inhibited by adding Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I or 12‐O‐tetradecanoyl‐phorbol‐13‐acetate. During this growth inhibition, the expression of c‐myc decreased, while that of bcl‐2 mRNA remained steady. This result suggests that not the bcl‐2 gene but other oncogenes, such as c‐myc, play a key role in the proliferation of ONHL‐I. This agrees with the hypothesis that the bcl‐2 gene is not concerned with aggressive proliferation but with cell survival. This new cell line will therefore be of value in studying the differentiation and tumorigenesis of B cells.
Distribution of endocytosed molecules to intracellular acidic environments correlates with immunotoxin activity
Authors: Chignola Roberto , Colombatti Marco , Dell'arciprete Lorena , Candiani Carola , Tridente Giuseppe 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have investigated the internalization to low PH intracellular compartments of transferrin (Tfn), diphtheria toxin (DT) and of anti‐cell surface antibodies (MAb) by a cytofluorometric assay based on low PH quenching of fluorescein (FITC) emission. FITC‐labelled Tfn, anti‐CD3, anti‐CD5 and anti‐Thy 1.2 MAb internalization resulted in a progressively lower FITC quenching effect, Following internalization, a distinction could be made between molecules that enter low PH compartments without undergoing intracellular degradation (e. g., Tfn, anti‐CD3 MAb) and molecules that are internalized through low PH organelles and are then degraded within the cell (e. g., DT). A strict correlation was observed between quenching of internalized FITC‐protein fluorescent emission and the cytotoxic activity of DT‐based immunotoxins (IT).
CA 50 Determination in body fluids: Can we screen patients at risk for gastric cancer?
Authors: Farinati F. , Holmgren J. , Di Mario F. , Cardin F. , Valiante F. , Fanton M. C. , Della Libera G. , Nitti D. , Plebani M. , Crestani B. , Naccarato R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCA 50 (a tumor‐associated gangliosidic antigen) levels have been determined by an RIA test in serum, gastric juice and urine of patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy: 22 control subjects (no macroscopic or microscopic lesions), 29 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis, 20 with epithelial dysplasia and 16 with gastric cancer entered the study. Gastric juices were also tested for pH, protein concentration and specific gravity, urines for protein concentration and osmolarity. Serum and gastric juices were also tested for CEA levels and the results obtained with the two markers compared. In patients with gastric cancer, CA 50 gastric juice levels were statistically higher than in controls; a wide overlap was however present among groups, and sensitivity and specificity were respectively 38% and 85% for serum and 69% and 82% for gastric juice. Sensitivity and specificity were respectively 23% and 89% for CA 50 determination in urines. In this case, no statistically significant difference was observed between gastric cancer and control patients. A trend toward higher median values was observed in advanced with respect to early gastric cancer. A correlation was found between gastric juice and serum CA 50 levels, as well as between serum and urine levels of the marker. A correlation was also observed between CA 50 values and protein concentration in gastric juice and with osmolarity in urines. Overall, CA 50 levels were statistically higher in patients with intestinal metaplasia than in those who did not present the lesion. Increased CA 50 gastric juice levels are also observed in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis and epithelial dysplasia. CA 50 gastric juice and urine levels appear to be dependent, at least in part, on the concentration of the fluid.
The nordic profile of skin cancer incidence. A comparative epidemiological study of the three main types of skin cancer
Authors: Magnus Knut 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe data used for the inter‐Nordic comparison of the incidence of skin cancer are based on the material of the national cancer registries of the 5 Nordic countries. It is typical of these countries that the ratio between the incidence of non‐melanoma and melanoma skin cancer is much smaller than in regions near the Equator. For the detailed comparative epidemiological study of basal‐cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous‐cell carcinoma (SCC) and cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), the material from the Norwegian Cancer Registry 1955‐1988 is used. The etiology of CMM has frequently been debated during recent decades. There are still some obscure points, however, particularly as regards the influence of host factors and UV exposure, and their interaction. The analysis of the incidence trend of CMM on the female breast during the time interval 1970‐1988 contributes to the elucidation of these problems. Differences in the epidemiological characteristics of the 2 main types of non‐melanoma skin cancer, BCC and SCC, are described. The results indicate that the effect of UV light is not as dominating for BCC as for SCC.
Diffuse centrocytic and/or centroblastic malignant non‐hodgkin's lymphomas: Comparison of mitotic and pyknotic (apoptotic) indices
Authors: Vecchio Maria Teresa Del , Leoncini Lorenzo , Buerki Kurt , Kraft Rainer , Megha Tiziana , Barbini Paolo , Tosi Piero , Cottier Hans 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMitotic indices (Mls) and pyknotic (apoptotic) indices (Pls) were assessed in diffuse centrocytic (CC, n = 10), centroblastic/centrocytic (CB/CC, n = 18)and centroblastic(CB, n = 20) malignant non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). Significant differences were observed. Mls were lowest in CC (median: 0.07%), intermediate in CB/CC (0.18%) and highest in CB (0.43%) NHLs. The Pls exhibited a similar pattern. The Pls of CC (0.11%) and CB/CC (0.17%) NHLs were significantly different from those of CB lymphoma (0.62%). The ratios MI/PI per case, as well as Mls and Pls per case, varied greatly and showed considerable overlapping, thus documenting a marked inter‐case and inter‐group heterogeneity. Mls tended to loosely correlate with Pls in a non‐linear fashion, which raises the question of feedback mechanisms. More information is needed on mitotic time (TM) and apoptotic time (TA), in order to estimate cell doubling time from data on Mls and Pls.
Differential sensitivity of various human tumors to inhibition of poly amine biosynthesis in vivo
Authors: Saydjari Rami , Alexander Robert W. , Upp James R. , Barranco Sam C. , Townsend Courtney M. , Thompson James C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPolyamines are essential for normal and neoplastic growth. Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) is the first and rate‐limiting enzyme in the polyamine biosynthetic pathway. α‐Difluoro‐methylornithine (DFMO) is an enzyme‐activated irreversible inhibitor of ODC, and a known anti‐neoplastic agent. The purpose of this study was to examine the susceptibility of various human cancers to inhibition by DFMO in vivo. We have studied three human pancreatic adenocarcinomas, designated CAV, SKI, and PGER, two human colon adenocarcinomas (LS‐180 and WIDR), and three metastatic cell lines of a human gastric adenocarcinoma (BHM, BMM, BLM) that were growing in congenitally athymic (nude) Balb/c mice. Mice bearing each tumor were divided into two groups; one group served as controls and the other group received DFMO 3% in drinking water. Tumor growth and weight, and content of DNA, RNA, protein and polyamines were determined and correlated. DFMO significantly inhibited the growth of three of the three gastric tumors, two of the three pancreatic tumors and neither of the two colon tumors. The tumor content of DNA, RNA and protein exhibited a pattern that was parallel to tumor growth. The tumor polyamine concentration did not correlate with sensitivity to DFMO. These findings provide clear evidence for important differences in the sensitivity of various human cancers to growth inhibition by DFMO and indicate that endogenous polyamine levels alone do not predict the sensitivity of the tumors to DFMO.
Antigen shedding vs. development of natural suppressor cells as mechanism of tumor escape in mice bearing ehrlich tumor
Authors: Viñuela Juan E. , Rodriguez Rosa , Gil Juana , Coll Javier , De Concha Emilio G. La , Subiza Jose L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractC57BL/6J mice immunized with devitalized Ehrlich tumor (ET) ceils produce high serum levels of IgM antibodies to ET cell‐surface carbohydrates that are critical in the observed resistance against this tumor. However, this response is not found in ET‐bearing mice at any stage of tumor development. Since previous studies had shown splenic natural suppressor (NS) cells in ET‐bearers, their role in such IgM impairment was assessed. Here we show that tumor‐bearers' spleen cells (TBSC) are unable to produce IgM in vitro in response to LPS, due to the presence of NS cells. Nevertheless, TBSC do produce IgM antibodies to ET cell‐surface carbohydrates in increasing amounts as the tumor progresses. Yet these antibodies are not detected in sera of ET‐bearers and are greatly decreased in immunized mice with a growing tumor. Moreover, increasing amounts of circulating carbohydrates, able to absorb most specific IgM, are found in ET‐bearing sera associated with a large molecular size structure(s). These carbohydrates are also found in ET cell‐culture supernatants and cell‐free ascites fluid derived from this tumor, indicating their tumor origin. Taken together, our results indicate that lack of specific IgM antibodies in ET‐bearing mice is not due to faulty production, but to in vivo absorption by carbohydrates shed from ET cells in increasing amounts as the tumor progresses. Thus, NS cells are unable to suppress this IgM production in vivo, despite the strong suppressor activity they show for many responses in vitro.
Production of heparanase by normal and neoplastic murine B‐lymphocytes
Authors: Laskov Reuven , Michaeli Rivka‐Ishai , Sharir Hava , Yefenof Eitan , Vlodavsky Israel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe production of heparanase, an endoglycosidase capable of degrading heparan sulfate from the subendothelial extracellular matrix (ECM), was investigated in various murine B‐lymphoid tumors representing distinct maturation stages of the B‐cell lineage. We found that heparanase is produced and released by 3 out of 4 pre‐B lymphomas and by 4 B lymphomas examined. In contrast, 5 plasmacytomas and resting normal B lymphocytes, expressed little, if any, heparanase activity. Treatment with LPS resulted in high expression of the enzyme by normal B‐lymphocytes, but there was no effect on the constitutive production of heparanase by myeloma or B‐lymphoma cells. Our results indicate that heparanase is produced by B cells during discrete stages of their maturation. We suggest that heparanase may play a role in B‐cell migration by enabling pre‐B and B lymphocytes to leave the bone‐marrow compartment and recirculate among peripheral lymphoid organs.
Meta‐Iodobenzylguanidine (mIBG) uptake and storage in the human neuroblastoma cell line SK‐N‐BE(2C)
Authors: Lashford L. S. , Hancock J. P. , Kemshead J. T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWhilst many human neuroblastoma cell lines have been studied to see if they are capable of taking up mIBG, few appear to have this ability. This contrasts markedly to the situation in vivo, where uptake has been demonstrated in the majority of tumours investigated. Here we report on the human neuroblastoma cell line SK‐N‐BE(2C) and demonstrate that mIBG uptake can occur in this cell line through 2 mechanisms. At low concentrations of mIBG (approximately 10−8 m) an active transport process predominates, whereas at non‐physiological levels (10−4 m) uptake occurs through passive diffusion. The active transport process is ATP‐, Na+_‐ and temperature‐dependent. Uptake is blocked by 10−6 m desipramine, an inhibitor of the uptake‐1 mechanism involved in amine transport. In contrast, desipramine has no effect on the passive diffusion of mIBG into cells. The active transport mechanism for mIBG uptake appears rather promiscuous for biogenic amines, as dopamine, tyramine and nor‐adrenaline were highly efficient at blocking mIBG entry to the cell. Serotonin and histamine were capable of interfering with mIBG uptake only at much higher concentrations. Electron microscopy of SK‐N‐BE(2C) cells revealed a paucity of neurosecretory granules. Biochemical investigations demonstrated the majority of mIBG to be present in the cytoplasm of cells. The availability of a human neuroblastoma cell line that grows well, both as xenograft and in culture, should further our understanding of the cytotoxic effects of mIBG and thus enhance its clinical usefulness.
Comparative biochemical, cytotoxic and pharmacokinetic properties of immunotoxins made with native ricin a chain, ricin A1 chain and recombinant ricin a chain
Authors: Wawrzynczak Edward J. , Cumber Alan J. , Henry Raymond V. , Parnell Geoffrey D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImmunotoxins were constructed by attaching native ricin A chain, ricin A1 chain and recombinant ricin A chain to the mouse monoclonal IgG2a antibody Fib75 by means of a disulphide linkage using the hetero‐bifunctional cross‐linker SPDP. The Fib75 immunotoxins were of similar composition and exerted identical cytotoxic effects against the EJ human bladder carcinoma cell line in tissue culture. All 3 immunotoxins broke down to the same extent upon incubation with glutathione in vitro. The clearance of the immunotoxins from the circulation of normal Wistar rats was determined following i.v. administration. The concentration of intact immunotoxin in serum samples taken at various intervals up to 48hr after injection was measured by a ricin A chain‐specific ELISA. The Fib75 immunotoxin made with native ricin A chain was removed from the circulation most rapidly. Fib75‐recombinant ricin A chain persisted in the circulation at a higher level than Fib75‐ricin A, chain. A higher proportion of the ricin A, chain immunotoxin was lost from the bloodstream during the α‐phase. The β‐phase half‐lives of Fib75‐recombinant ricin A chain and Fib75‐ricin A, chain were similar, consistent with the identical susceptibility of the immunotoxins to cleavage by glutathione. The presence of the complex‐type oligosaccharide side‐chain on the A1 chain may have accelerated the clearance of the A1 chain immunotoxin in relation to that of the immunotoxin made with the aglycosyl recombinant A chain.
Suppression of established pulmonary metastases by murine melanoma‐specific monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Hearing Vincent J. , Leong Stanley P. L. , Vieira Wilfred D. , Law Lloyd W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe intravenous administration of melanoma‐specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) 9B6 and T97, both of the IgG2b isotype, consistently suppressed the growth of established JB/MS murine melanoma lung metastases. This activity was not dose‐dependent, lower doses of MAbs often being more suppressive than higher doses. Intravenous administration of antibodies at days 5 and 8 following challenge appeared to be optimal for suppression whereas no inhibition was seen with intravenous treatment at days 0 and 3 or at days 10 and 13. Consistent and significant inhibition was also observed using established B16F10 lung metastases but only at lower doses, whereas both MAbs were ineffective against the T92497 sarcoma in syngeneic mice. These MAbs appear to act not as direct anti‐tumor agents but as host immune response regulators, since specific anti‐tumor effects were abrogated in tumor‐bearing hosts following pre‐treatment with antibodies directed against asialo‐GM1 and NK‐1.1, surface markers of natural killer cells.
Loss of Y chromosome with retention of Y heterochromatin in a marker chromosome from a human melanoma
Authors: Doneda Luisa , Larizza Lidia 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA single copy of a der 15 chromosome (m3) characterized by a C‐ and distamycin A‐Dapi‐positive region was observed in the ‐Y hyperploid karyotype of a primary human melanoma (Me 1402). The heterochromatic region was located pericentromerically, adjacent at one end to the NOR region of chromosome 15, and at the other to an unclassifiable chromosomal piece. We established that the C‐positive block in the marker chromosome originated from Y heterochromatin by high‐stringency in situ hybridization with a DNA probe for the 2.1 Hae III Y‐specific repeat. Loss of the Y chromosome in tumors has been considered to be a secondary event associated with malignant evolution. It is significant that Me 1402 cells, which are highly malignant, lack the Y chromosome, but retain its heterochromatic portion in the rearranged m3 chromosome.
Carcinoma‐associated mucin serum markers CA M26 and CA M29: Efficacy in detecting and monitoring patients with cancer of the breast, colon, ovary, endometrium and cervix
Authors: Yedema Kees A. , Kenemans Peter , Wobbes Theo , Van Kamp Gerard J. , De Bruijn Henk W. , Thomas Chris M. , Massuger Leon F. , Schuf Charles P. , Bon Gijsbert G. , Vermorken Jan B. , Voorhorst Feja , Hilgers Jo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo recently developed monoclonal antibody (MAb)‐based anti‐mucin assays, CA M26 and CA M29, were studied in 250 cancer patients and compared to 3 well‐established marker tests, viz., CA 125, CA 15.3 and SCC, in order to assess their clinical usefulness as serum tumor markers. Pre‐treatment sera were obtained from patients with predominantly low‐stage epithelial malignancies comprising 200 adenocarcinomas (of the ovary, endometrium, breast and large intestine) and 50 squamous‐cell carcinomas (of the uterine cervix). Pre‐treatment sera of 50 patients with benign ovarian tumors were included to evaluate levels in benign disease. CA M26 and CA M29 cut‐off levels were established in 89 healthy controls. In patients with adenocarcinomas, overall positivity for CA M29 was 24%, ranging from 10% in breast cancer to 60% in ovarian cancer. Overall positivity was highest for CA 125 (30%) and lowest for CA M26 (18%) with CA M29 (24%) being similar to CA 15.3 (25%). In adenocarcinomas the combined CA M26‐CA M29 assays equalled results obtained with the CA 125‐CA 15.3 combination (33% vs. 36%). Elevation of 2 or more markers was highly indicative of advanced disease (p < 0.025). A majority of positive patients showed either CA M26 or CA M29 elevations, indicating that both antibodies detect distinct epitopes. After adjustment for tumor site and stage, the profile of CA M26 as a single marker differed significantly from the profiles of CA 125 and of CA M29. CA M26 was frequently (32%) elevated in patients with squamous‐cell carcinoma of the cervix and CA M26 levels were often independently elevated. CA M26 seems to be valuable as an additional marker in breast cancer and perhaps as a new marker in cervical cancer. CA M29 may be useful in ovarian cancer in addition to CA 125.
Monoclonal antibodies to glutathione S‐Transferase π–immunohistochemical analysis of human tissues and cancers
Authors: Kantor Raphe R. S. , Giardina Steven L. , Bartolazzi Armando , Townsend Allen J. , Myers Charles E. , Cowan Kenneth H. , Longo Dan L. , Natali Pier G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMouse monoclonal antibodies (MAb) have been generated against the anionic isozyme of human glutathione S‐transferase (GST π). MAb AGST I can inhibit 50‐70% of GST π enzymatic activity and reacts with a 3‐dimensional epitope which includes a putative glutathione binding site on GST π. A sandwich enzyme‐immunoassay established using MAb AGST I and a polyclonal antibody displayed a sensitivity of 0.5 ng/ml. Immunohistochemical analysis of human tissues demonstrated marked increases in GST π levels in cancers of the brain, cervix, endometrium, colon, rectum and testis and in fibro‐and chondrosarcomas.
Coffee consumption and bladder cancer risk
Authors: Clavel J. , Cordier S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relationship between coffee drinking and the risk of bladder cancer was analyzed within the framework of a French hospital‐based case‐control study conducted between 1984 and 1987, which included 690 cases of histologically confirmed bladder cancer (599 males and 91 females), and 690 age‐, sex‐ and hospital‐matched controls. To dissociate the effects of smoking and coffee drinking among males, the analysis of the male group was restricted to 2 contrasted subgroups: non‐smokers on the one hand, and current smokers and inhalers of black tobacco cigarettes on the other. Coffee drinking was found to be significantly associated with the risk of bladder cancer among men in both groups and the increase in the risk was dose‐dependent (OR = 1, 2.9, 5.1 respectively, for drinking 1, 2, × 3 cups of coffee per day among non‐smokers, and 1, 2.5 and 3.0 respectively, for drinking 1‐4, 5‐7, >7 cups among smokers). This result was not observed for women.
Histological and urinary reactivity of monoclonal antibody 1be12 in bladder carcinoma. Purification of the antigen from urine
Authors: Pancino Gianfranco , Toubert Marie‐Elisabeth , Osinaga Eduardo , Chatelet François , Leroy Martine , Schlageter Marie‐HéLèNe , Du Roure François Desroys , Calvo Fabien , Teillac Pierre , Najean Yves , Roseto Alberto 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have previously reported the production of monoclonal antibody (MAb) IBE 12, which recognizes a glycoprotein in breast‐cancer cells. In the present work, IBE 12 reactivity was tested by immunohistochemistry in bladder carcinoma (92 cases) and in non‐tumoral bladder samples (15 cases). In 71% of bladder tumors, more than 30% of cells were intensely stained by I BE 12. The percentage of reactive cells was higher in cancers invading the muscle than in more superficial tumors (p = 0.039). In non‐tumoral bladder, immuno‐staining, when present, was usually confined to the superficial layers with a low number of cells stained (<30%) in 13/15 cases. Slot blots, performed on urine samples from 43 bladder‐cancer patients and 21 healthy controls, were quantified by densitometry scanning. We found higher optical density (OD) values in urine from muscle‐invasive‐cancer patients than in urine from more superficial tumors and healthy controls, with a significantly different distribution (p = 0.005). The urinary antigen was detected by immunoblotting with IBE 12 as high‐molecular‐weight species (> 150 kDa). The reactive glycoprotein could thus be purified by immunoaffinity and FPLC filtration from the perchloric‐acid‐soluble fraction of urine from patients with invasive bladder carcinoma. The availability of purified antigen will allow us to quantitate our assay, in order to evaluate its potential use as a prognostic indicator in bladder‐cancer patients.