bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competencia tecnológica de los docentes en formación de la licenciatura en educación infantil
Authors: Aguillón Angie , Morales Angela , Suárez Leidy , Veloza Leidy 
Published: March 2024

The research conducted arises through observation in the scenarios of pedagogical practices and also within the curriculum of the Bachelor's Degree in Early Childhood Education during the periods 2020-2 and 2021-1. Within these scenarios, difficulties were evidenced regarding the technological competence of teachers in training, having opportunities for improvement in terms of knowledge, management, integration and implementation of digital resources and technological tools. Within the research, reviewed documents were taken into account as support in the present study. At the local level, Carreño (2020) was found in his research entitled "ICT competencies in sixth semester students of the Bachelor's Degree in Early Childhood Education at the Fundación Universitaria Los Libertadores", where he managed to propose a didactic strategy to guide teachers in training of the Bachelor's Degree in Early Childhood Education regarding the use of technological tools in the teaching-learning processes. At the local level, Carreño (2020) was found in his research entitled "ICT competencies in sixth semester students of the Bachelor's Degree in Early Childhood Education at the Fundación Universitaria Los Libertadores", where he managed to propose a didactic strategy to guide teachers in training for the Bachelor's Degree in Early Childhood Education regarding the use of technological tools in the teaching-learning process. Following the same line of antecedents, at the national level, the Colombian Ministry of National Education (2013) proposes a guide of tics competences for the professional development of teachers. This guide is organized by a tic pentagon that refers to five competences (technological, pedagogical, communicative, management and research) and by three specific levels (explorer, integrator, innovator) and, finally, at the international level there is a study called "Virtual learning environments and their relationship between pedagogical elements and didactic resources. MUNDO RECURSIVO" proposed by Peña et al. (2018) in Ecuador, whose objective was to establish the pedagogical elements and didactic resources that should be used in EVA. In order to meet the objectives of the research, a digital didactic resource based on Virtual Learning Environments was proposed with the purpose of strengthening the competence. The methodology used was based on a mixed approach, with concurrent nesting with prevalence in the qualitative approach and the participation of teachers in training of first, third and seventh semester in a higher education institution in Bogota.
Lithuanian Language at School: Scientific Insights and Pedagogical Experience
Authors: Gudzinevičiūtė Ona Laima , Maskuliūnienė Džiuljeta 
Published: March 2024

The article reviews the issues investigated in the reports and articles developed from the conference reports of the scientific and practical conferences “Mother Tongue at School” organised at Šiauliai University (since 2021, Šiauliai Academy of Vilnius University) in 2012–2022. The aim of the article is to present the journal “Gimtoji kalba mokykloje” [Mother Tongue at School] using the descriptive-analytical method, to discuss topics, problems, aims of the articles, and to summarise the most relevant issues of Lithuanian studies, Lithuanian language and literature teaching (didactics), variations in the Lithuanian language, changes, standardisation, and the importance of Lithuanian literature in developing a thinking and reading individual, conscious of the importance of the native (Lithuanian) language.
The journal “Gimtoji kalba mokykloje” has published 119 articles by 148 authors. Linguistic articles among them are divided into the following thematic blocks: 1) The importance of the influence of linguistic environment and personalities in preserving national identity. Language policy; 2) Public language. Language etiquette; 3) Language in the digital space, computer literacy. Office, administrative language. Language management; 4) Language correctness. Literacy. Spelling and punctuation issues; 5) Language norms and errors; 6) Dialect studies; 7) Stylistic figures. Conceptual metaphors. Associations; 8) Terminology issues; 9) Language didactics. Academic, professional language. The field of topics is broad, discussions include: general language, dialects, language norming, language in the digital space, language didactics, the process of language teaching and learning, and the effects of bilingualism. The articles in the literature section are divided into five thematic blocks: 1) Promotion of reading, professional press for teachers; 2) Lithuanian writers’ works in school, concerns of reading classics; 3) Children’s literature and school; 4) Working with the text to prepare the future reader; 5) Non-traditional literature teaching methods and other problems. Researchers and teachers are interested in current school (and societal) issues, exploring why reading is low and discussing what could encourage reading. The importance of creative, innovative library work and family reading traditions are highlighted. It stresses that the school is also an important player in this field, where the child must become a competent reader.
The articles published in the journal encourage a theoretical dialogue between researchers and practical educators, highlight topical issues in teaching Mother Tongue, and invite to jointly search for solutions to problems.
Research on Lexical Usage and Lexicographical Practice
Authors: Zubaitienė Vilma 
Published: March 2024

The article presents research on the usage of Lithuanian lexis and lexicographical works on the Lithuanian language from the beginning of the 20th century to the present day. It reveals how scientific research has been related to academic activity and lexicographic work (data gathering, analysis, dictionary development), and vice versa. Talking about the early and mid-20th century, the focus lies on the well-grounded articles on appropriate language use by Kazimieras Būga and on the preparation of the “Dictionary of the Lithuanian Language”, as well as on Jonas Jablonskis’ interest in the standard language, creation of new words, his work on the dictionary of Antanas Juška and his reviews of earlier dictionaries. Jablonskis’ own “Mūsų žodynėlis” [Our Dictionary] is also briefly discussed. Further on, the article talks about the work of Juozas Balčikonis and the beginnings of the academic “Dictionary of the Lithuanian Language”. Particular mention is made of Pranas Skardžius’ and Antanas Salys’ research on word structure and usage. In addition, various articles in language journals as well as the structure and editorial principles of the journal “Kalbos patarėjas” are reviewed. The research in the Soviet era is mainly associated with the lexicographical activities of Jonas Kruopas and Kazys Ulvydas and the editorial work on both the (historical) “Dictionary of the Lithuanian Language” and the “Dictionary of the Present Lithuanian Language”. The research interest of this period lies primarily in the analysis of lexical structure and systemic relations, whereas publication activity focuses on editing special dictionaries (such as dictionaries of synonyms, antonyms, valency, phraseology, and comparisons), and the publication of textbooks and monographs in the field of lexicology. The article gives an overview of studies that analyse the development and change of various lexical items, describe different semantic groups, language variation, and its phrasal components. Furthermore, lexical databases and the information system e.kalba are given an overview. The main focus here lies on reviewing lexical research and lexicographical projects carried out in the 1990s and the early 21st century, and on revealing lexicographical problems.
8-Year Follow-up of a Maternal Education Trial in a Low-Resource Setting
Authors: Kakwangire Paul , Muhoozi Grace , Ngari Moses , Matovu Nicholas , Westerberg Ane Cecilie , Iversen Per Ole , Atukunda Prudence 
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVESNutrition and stimulation interventions promote early childhood development, but little is known about their long-term benefits in low- and middle-income countries. We conducted a follow-up study of a cluster-randomized maternal education trial performed in children aged 6 to 8 months to assess the sustainability of developmental benefits after 8 years.METHODSThe education intervention lasted 6 months and consisted of nutrition, hygiene, sanitation, and child stimulation aspects. We assessed child processing and cognitive abilities using the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children Second Edition (KABC-II) and attention and inhibitory control using the Test of Variables of Attention after 8 years. The original trial included 511 mother-child pairs (intervention, n = 263; control, n = 248), whereas in the current study, 361 (71%; intervention, n = 185; control, n = 176) pairs were available for analyses.RESULTSThe intervention group scored higher than the controls (all P &lt; .001) on all 5 KABC-II subscales and on the KABC-II global score (mean difference: 14; 95% confidence interval, 12–16; P &lt; .001). For all 5 Test of Variables of Attention variables, the intervention group scored higher than the controls on both the visual and auditory tasks (all P &lt; .05). Because the intervention was delivered as a package, a limitation is that we cannot pinpoint the individual contribution of each component (nutrition, hygiene, and stimulation) to the developmental benefits.CONCLUSIONSThe intervention group consistently scored markedly higher on both neuropsychological tests. Thus, even 8 years after the original maternal education intervention, the developmental benefits that we observed at child age of 1, 2, and 3 years, were sustained.
Hannibal's hard ‘homecoming’ after 203 BCE
Authors: Hunt Patrick 
Published: March 2024

Abstract“Hannibal's War” was what Carthage called the Second Punic War from 218–202 BCE because it was clear from the outset Carthaginian leadership was not fully participatory or even much engaged with him and his long Italian campaign. The signs of estrangement were seen at least as early as Hannibal's siege of Saguntum in 219 BCE when Carthage's Gerousia or Council of Elders took no responsibility with the envoy from Rome complaining about his “brutal” taking of Saguntum. But perhaps it is more important to examine exactly where – and when – Hannibal's real home might have been, since he could hardly call Carthage his true home, as this brief paper proposes. Discussion follows what Hannibal learned in Iberia and how important Iberia as his adopted homeland and its abundant silver meant to him instead – not Carthage – and how Iberia under his father Hamilcar prepared his lifelong stratagems for war, with Scipio as his eventual young rival student from Rome leading to Zama, which brought Hannibal back to Carthage under the worst circumstances and a periphery of his prior successes. Whether or not Hannibal's return to Carthage in 203–202 BCE can be called a “homecoming” is certainly moot in many ways, especially given that it was not his home for most of his life. Decades later, given his estrangement from Carthage, Scipio's famous epitaph could just as well be Hannibal's.
Design and Implementation of an Optimized PID Controller for Two-Limb Robot Arm Control
Authors: Müftü Said , Gökçe Barış 
Published: March 2024

With developing technology, robot arms are used in more areas, and this is directly proportional to the work done for its development. Studies on robot arms are generally focused on control. The controllability of robot arms generally provides speed and precision.
Within the scope of this study, the control optimization of a two-arm robot arm with an optimized proportional integral differential controller (PID) was carried out using a microcontroller. The kinematic operations required to control a two-arm robot arm have been developed by the MATLAB Support Package for Arduino Hardware. The transfer function required for the control system was used for a direct current (DC) brushed motor, using the values given in the motor data sheet. Feedback is provided for the control system thanks to the Hall effect encoder.
The gripper end of the two-limbed robot arm follows the specified square-shaped reference. In this study, where PID controller was used, controller parameters were obtained with particle swarm, artificial bee colony and chaos game metaheuristic optimization algorithms for square orbit and these parameters were used on the produced robot arm.
Many methods have been used in the literature to determine PID parameters. In this study, the chaos game metaheuristic optimization algorithm, which has become popular in recent years, was used to determine the parameters of the PID controller.
Coronal leakage of a new temporary restorative material: An invitro study
Authors: Joseph Mintu Maria , Singla Munish , Kaur Harleen , Mittal Litik , Kaur Maninder 
Published: March 2024

This invitro study aims to assess the potency of new temporatory restorative material Orafil LC with other temporary restoratives: Zinc oxide eugenol and Cavit G in preventing microleakage during the inter-appointment period of endodontic treatment.Endodontic access cavity was prepared on 60 premolar teeth and restored with 3 different temporary restorative materials in the respective groups. (n=20)The teeth were stored in methylene blue stain and were sectioned to be observed under a compound microscope at 1,2,3 and 7 days to access coronal microleakage and further investigations were under a scanning electron microscope. All the tested materials showed microleakage with maximum leakage in Zinc oxide eugenol followed by Cavit G and Orafil LC. Orafil LC showed the least microleakage.Orafil LC showed least microleakage when compared with other temporary restorative materials used in this study
A Variational Expectation-Maximization Framework for Balanced Multi-scale Learning of Protein and Drug Interactions
Authors: Yang Yuedong , Rao Jiahua , Xie Jiancong , Yuan Qianmu , Liu Deqin , Wang Zhen , Lu Yutong , Zheng Shuangjia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Protein functions are characterized by interactions with proteins, drugs, and other biomolecules. Understanding these interactions is essential for deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying biological processes and developing new therapeutic strategies. Current computational methods mostly predict interactions based on either molecular network or structural information, without integrating them within a unified multi-scale framework. While a few multi-view learning methods are devoted to fusing the multi-scale information, these methods tend to rely intensively on a single scale and under-fitting the others, likely attributed to the imbalanced nature and inherent greediness of multi-scale learning. To alleviate the optimization imbalance, we present MUSE, a multi-scale representation learning framework based on a variant expectation maximization to optimize different scales in an alternating procedure over multiple iterations. This strategy efficiently fuses multi-scale information between atomic structure and molecular network scale through mutual supervision and iterative optimization. MUSE outperforms the current state-of-the-art models not only in molecular interaction (protein-protein, drug-protein, and drug-drug) tasks but also in protein interface prediction at the atomic structure scale. More importantly, the multi-scale learning framework shows potential for extension to other scales of computational drug discovery.
Genome-wide characterization and expression analysis of the CINNAMYL ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE gene family in Triticum aestivum
Authors: Peracchi Luigi M. , Brew-Appiah Rhoda A.T. , Garland-Campbell Kimberly , Roalson Eric H. , Sanguinet Karen A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
CINNAMYL ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE (CAD) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of cinnamaldehydes into cinnamyl alcohols and is a key enzyme found at the final step of the phenylpropanoid pathway. Cinnamyl alcohols and their conjugates are subsequently polymerized in the secondary cell wall to form lignin. CAD genes are typically encoded by multi-gene families and thus traditionally organized into general classifications of functional relevance.
Results
In silico analysis of the hexaploid Triticum aestivum genome revealed 47 high confidence TaCAD copies, of which three were determined to be the most significant isoforms (class I) considered bone fide CADs. Class I CADs were expressed throughout development both in RNAseq data sets as well as via qRT-PCR analysis. In addition, Class I TaCADs were also upregulated after wounding and chitin elicitation in RNAseq data sets, but not in qRT-PCR experiments in roots or shoots. Of the 37 class II TaCADs identified, two groups were observed to be significantly co-expressed with class I TaCADs in developing tissue and under chitin elicitation in RNAseq data sets. These co-expressed class II TaCADs were also found to be phylogenetically unrelated to a separate clade of class II TaCADs previously reported to be an influential resistance factor to pathogenic fungal infection. Lastly, two groups were phylogenetically identified as class III TaCADs, which possess distinct conserved gene structures. However, the lack of data supporting their catalytic activity for cinnamaldehydes and their bereft transcriptional presence in lignifying tissues challenges their designation and function as CADs.
Conclusions
Taken together, the TaCAD gene family contributes overlapping but nonredundant functions that likely contribute to T. aestivum growth across a wide variety of agroecosystems and tolerance to a large variety of stressors.
Machine Learning to Predict Drug-Induced Liver Injury and its Validation on Failed Drug Candidates in Development
Authors: Mostafa Fahad , Howle Victoria , Chen Minjun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remains a significant challenge for the pharmaceutical industry and regulatory organizations. Despite a plethora of toxicological research aimed at estimating the risk of DILI, the efficacy of these techniques in predicting DILI in humans has remained limited. This has prompted the exploration of new approaches and procedures to improve the prediction accuracy of DILI risk for drug candidates in development. This study aimed to address this gap by leveraging a large human dataset to develop machine learning models for assessing DILI risk. The performance of the developed prediction models was extensively evaluated using a 10-fold cross-validation approach and two external test sets. Our study revealed that the Random Forest (RF) and MultiLayer Perceptron (MLP) models emerged as among the most effective in predicting DILI. RF outperformed other machine learning strategies, reaching an average prediction accuracy of 63.10% during the cross-validation, while the MLP achieved the highest Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) of 0.245. These two models were further validated externally by a set of drug candidates that failed in clinical development due to DILI. Both models accurately predicted 90.9% of the toxic drug candidates in the external validation. Our study suggests that in silico machine learning approaches have the potential to significantly enhance the identification of DILI liabilities associated with drug candidates in development.
Construction and Application of a Technical Platform for Determining Cell Cycle- and Autophagy-Associated Cellular Uptake of Lipid-Based Nanoparticles
Authors: Sui Meihua , Wang Yisha , Luo Gan , Wang Haiyang , Zheng Yue , Zhou Wenbin , Lin Junrong , Chen Baocheng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Cellular uptake of biomedical nanoparticles has been shown to be affected by key cellular biological properties. However, very little is known about the influence of cell cycle and autophagy on nanoparticle uptake. What's even more tough is that several long-lasting methodological barriers hamper the experimental performance and restrict the research and development. Herein, a multi-functional platform was initially constructed for simultaneously overcoming existing obstacles by integrating several technical approaches, particularly mitotic shake-off, for scatheless and complete cell cycle phase separation. Strikingly, further application of this platform revealed that G2-phase and M-phase cells, two cell populations previously muddled up together as G2/M-phase cells, respectively exhibited the maximum and minimum uptake of lipid-based nanoparticles. Moreover, our data generally provided a novel line of evidence for enhanced nanoparticle uptake by specific autophagy blockade. The cell cycle- and autophagy-associated characteristics of nanoparticle uptake discovered here offer new insights for optimization and application of nanomedicines.
Effects of a nurse-led motor function rehabilitation training program for patients with ischemic stroke, and family caregivers: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ding Yue , Xu Juan , Liang Qian-Yu , Zheng Jia-Qi , Wang Feng , Lin Ying , Wang Di-Ya , Su Jing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Both individuals and society bear a considerable burden from ischemic stroke (IS), not only do patients continue suffering from motor dysfunction after discharge from hospital, but their caregivers also undertake the principal responsibility of assisting them in reintegrating into the family and society. To better improve the IS patients’ limb function and daily life activities, their caregivers should also be involved in the training of the motor function rehabilitation during the period transitioning from hospital back home. This study mainly aims to investigate the effects of a nurse-led training for IS patients and their family caregivers on the improvement of the patients’ physical function and the burden of caregivers.
Methods/design: A randomised controlled trial with blind assessment will be conducted in hospitals and during the follow-ups at home. Fifty-eight pairs of adults diagnosed with ischemic stroke and their primary caregivers will be included. Participants will be randomly given with (1) a nurse-led, home-based motor rehabilitation training participated by caregivers (intervention group) or (2) routine self-care (control group). Both groups will receive assessment and health guidance on the day of discharge, and the intervention group will receive an additional home-based training program and supervision. These two groups will be followed up every week after discharge. The primary results are drawn from the evaluation of physical function and caregiver-related burden, and the secondary results derived from statistics of the Modified Barthel Index, Stroke-specific Quality of Life and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. Differences between the two groups will be measured by two-way repeated measures ANOVA, considering the data at baseline and at 1-week and 4-week follow-up after training.
Discussion: Results may provide novel and valuable information on the effects of this culturally appropriate, caregiver-involved, and home-based rehabilitation training on the physical function of IS patients and caregiver-related burden.
Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (chictr.org.cn) ChiCTR2300078798. Registered on 19 December 2023.