bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lived experiences of Sri Lankan Tamil refugees in the UK: Migration and identity
Authors: Warren Jana , Nigbur Dennis 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSri Lankan Tamil refugees (SLTRs) have lived in the United Kingdom in substantial numbers for about three decades. However, they remain under‐represented in academic and public discourse, and little is known about their migration experiences. This study examined first‐hand accounts of such experiences, with special attention paid to identity and acculturation. Data were collected through four semi‐structured interviews and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). The results suggest that SLTRs' experience of conflict as an imposed life disruption continues to shape their adaptation, identity, and meaning‐making (“Afflicted life”). Changing social identities mediate protection from, as well as risk of, trauma. SLTRs try to remedy the socio‐economic and emotional losses suffered in the conflict, but achieve only a partial compensation. Consequently their repair efforts are a source not only of positive emotions but also of dissatisfaction (“Living past”). Finally, participants' sense of belonging and quest for home represent a challenging socio‐emotional process in which they continue to engage even decades after migration (“Continuing quest for home”). This nuanced analysis of how the past continues to shape lived experience, contributes to the under‐developed literature on qualitative psychological investigations of acculturation, research on forced migration, and the establishment of IPA in social psychology.
System circumvention: Dishonest‐illegal transgressions are perceived as justified in non‐meritocratic societies
Authors: Koo Hyunjin J. , Piff Paul K. , Moskowitz Jake P. , Shariff Azim F. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDoes believing that “effort doesn't pay” in society shape how people view dishonest‐illegal transgressions? Across five studies, we show that when people view societal success as non‐meritocratic—that is, more dependent on luck and circumstances than on hard work—they are more lenient in their moral judgements of dishonest‐illegal transgressions. Perceiving society as non‐meritocratic predicted greater justifiability of dishonest‐illegal transgressions in the United States (Study 2), and across 42 countries (N = 49,574; Study 1). And inducing participants to view society as non‐meritocratic increased justifiability of others' dishonest‐illegal transgressions, via greater feelings of sympathy (Studies 3 and 4). Next, we investigated the contours of these effects. Perceiving societal success as non‐meritocratic rather than based on hard work causes people to view dishonest‐illegal transgressions as more justifiable if they are perpetrated by the poor, but not the rich (Study 4), and if the dishonest‐illegal transgressions are related to economic striving, such as money laundering and dealing illegal drugs (Study 5). In sum, when people see a social system as unfair, they show greater tolerance for dishonest‐illegal transgressions perpetrated to circumvent the system.
A 52‐week efficacy and safety study of enavogliflozin versus dapagliflozin as an add‐on to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: ENHANCE‐M extension study
Authors: Sohn Tae Seo , Han Kyung‐Ah , Kim Yonghyun , Lee Byung‐Wan , Chon Suk , Jeong In‐Kyung , Hong Eun‐Gyoung , Son Jang Won , Na JaeJin , Cho Jae Min , In Cho Seong , Huh Wan , Yoon Kun‐Ho 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate the long‐term safety and efficacy of enavogliflozin 0.3 mg/day added to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Materials and MethodsAfter 24 weeks of a randomized, double‐blind treatment period with enavogliflozin 0.3 mg/day (n = 101) or dapagliflozin 10 mg/day (n = 99) added to metformin, all patients received enavogliflozin 0.3 mg/day plus metformin for an additional 28 weeks during the open‐label extension period.ResultsEighty‐two patients continued enavogliflozin (maintenance group), and 77 were switched from dapagliflozin to enavogliflozin (switch group). All adverse drug reactions (ADR) were mild in severity. In the maintenance group, ADRs (cystitis and vaginal infection) were reported in two patients (2.44%) during 52 weeks. In the switch group, ADR (hypoglycaemia) was reported in one patient (1.30%) during a 28‐week open‐label extension period. At week 52, glycated haemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose were significantly lower than at the baseline, by 0.85% and 29.08 mg/dl, respectively, in the maintenance group (p < .0001 for both), and by 0.81% and 32.77 mg/dl, respectively, in the switch group (p < .0001 for both). At week 52, 68.92% of patients from the maintenance group and 64.29% from the switch group achieved glycated haemoglobin <7%. A significant increase in the urine glucose‐creatinine ratio was observed at week 52, by 58.81 g/g and 63.77 g/g in the maintenance and switch groups, respectively (p < .0001).ConclusionsEnavogliflozin added to metformin was tolerated well for up to 52 weeks and provided continual glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus, along with a significant increase in the urine glucose‐creatinine ratio.
Sex‐specific associations between haemoglobin glycation index and the risk of cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality in individuals with pre‐diabetes and diabetes: A large prospective cohort study
Authors: Yang Jingqi , Shangguan Qing , Xie Guobo , Yang Ming , Sheng Guotai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the haemoglobin glycation index (HGI), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all‐cause mortality in adults with pre‐diabetes and diabetes.MethodsThis study included 10 267 adults with pre‐diabetes and diabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999‐2018. Sex‐differentiated relationships between HGI and mortality were elucidated using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models, restricted cubic splines and a two‐piecewise Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsDuring the median follow‐up time of 103.5 months, a total of 535 CVD deaths and 1918 all‐cause deaths were recorded. After multivariate adjustment, in males with pre‐diabetes and diabetes, there was a U‐shaped relationship between HGI and CVD mortality and all‐cause mortality, with threshold points of −0.68 and −0.63, respectively. Before the threshold point, HGI was negatively associated with CVD mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 0.60; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41, 0.89] and all‐cause mortality (HR 0.56; 95% CI 0.43, 0.74), and after the threshold point, HGI was positively associated with CVD mortality (HR 1.46; 95% CI 1.23, 1.73) and all‐cause mortality (HR 1.40; 95% CI 1.23, 1.59). In contrast, HGI had an L‐shaped relationship with all‐cause mortality and no significant association with CVD mortality in females. To the left of the threshold points, the risk of all‐cause mortality decreased (HR 0.50; 95% CI 0.35, 0.71) progressively with increasing HGI.ConclusionsIn the cohort study, HGI in pre‐diabetic and diabetic populations was found to have a U‐shaped association with CVD mortality and all‐cause mortality in males and an L‐shaped association with all‐cause mortality only in females. Further prospective and mechanistic studies are warranted.
Grassland degradation amplifies the negative effect of nitrogen enrichment on soil microbial community stability
Authors: Zhang Hongjin , Chen Weile , Dong Lizheng , Wang Wei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough nitrogen (N) enrichment is known to threaten the temporal stability of aboveground net primary productivity, it remains unclear how it alters that of belowground microbial abundance and whether its impact can be regulated by grassland degradation. Using data from N enrichment experiments at temperate grasslands with no, moderate, severe, and extreme degradation degrees, we quantified the temporal stability of soil microbial abundance (hereafter ‘microbial community stability’) using the ratio of the mean quantitative PCR to its standard deviation over 4 years. Both bacterial and fungal community stability sharply decreased when N input exceeded 30 g N m−2 year−1 in non‐degraded grasslands, whereas a reduction in this threshold occurred in degraded grasslands. Microbial species diversity, species asynchrony, and species associations jointly altered microbial community stability. Interestingly, the linkages between plant and microbial community stability were strengthened in degraded grasslands, suggesting that plants and soil microbes might depend on each other to keep stable communities in harsh environments. Our findings highlighted the importance of grassland degradation in regulating the responses of microbial community stability to N enrichment and provided experimental evidence for understanding the relationships between plant and microbial community stability.
How to conduct a bibliometric content analysis: Guidelines and contributions of content co‐occurrence or co‐word literature reviews
Authors: Klarin Anton 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLiterature reviews summarize existing literature, uncover research gaps, and offer future research directions, thus aiding in theoretical and methodological development. Informetric research including bibliometric, scientometric, webometric, cybermetric, patentometric, and altmetric methods are becoming increasingly prevalent in conducting literature review studies. Looking at the common informetric literature review methods—citation, co‐citation, co‐author, bibliographic coupling, and content co‐occurrence analyses, this study aims to serve as a guide in using content co‐occurrence also known as co‐word analysis to conduct literature reviews. This study outlines a variety of informetric research methods and how they are utilized to conduct review and evidence‐based conceptual studies. In addition to the analyses, the study highlights different informetric software packages like Bibliometrix, Biblioshiny, Leximancer, NVivo, and CiteSpace including their comparison. The study further discusses contributions of algorithm‐based content analyses including offering taxonomies, definitions, classifications, typologies, comparisons, and theoretical development to constitute integrative literature reviews. Finally, this study offers step‐by‐step guidelines for conducting a review study using VOSviewer content co‐occurrence analysis while providing a systems view of informetric research in social science. The study also notes the emergence of generative artificial intelligence (AI) like Open AI's ChatGPT, Google's Bard, Elicit, Scite, Research Rabbit, and ChatPDF among others, and its potential in contributing to the literature review methods and, as such, being an interesting direction for future research.
Consensus statement on the diagnosis and treatment of sclerosing diseases of the skin, Part 2: Scleromyxoedema and scleroedema
Authors: Knobler Robert , Geroldinger‐Simić Marija , Kreuter Alexander , Hunzelmann Nicolas , Moinzadeh Pia , Rongioletti Franco , Denton Christopher , Mouthon Luc , Cutolo Maurizio , Smith Vanessa , Gabrielli Armando , Bagot Martine , Olesen Anne B. , Foeldvari Ivan , Jalili Ahmad , Kähäri Veli Matti , Kárpáti Sarolta , Kofoed Kristian , Olszewska Malgorzata , Panelius Jaana , Quaglino Pietro , Seneschal Julien , Sticherling Michael , Sunderkötter Cord , Tanew Adrian , Wolf Peter , Worm Margitta , Skrok Anna , Rudnicka Lidia , Krieg Thomas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe term ‘sclerosing diseases of the skin’ comprises specific dermatological entities, which have fibrotic changes of the skin in common. These diseases mostly manifest in different clinical subtypes according to cutaneous and extracutaneous involvement and can sometimes be difficult to distinguish from each other. The present consensus provides an update to the 2017 European Dermatology Forum Guidelines, focusing on characteristic clinical and histopathological features, diagnostic scores and the serum autoantibodies most useful for differential diagnosis. In addition, updated strategies for the first‐ and advanced‐line therapy of sclerosing skin diseases are addressed in detail. Part 2 of this consensus provides clinicians with an overview of the diagnosis and treatment of scleromyxoedema and scleroedema (of Buschke).
Importance of specific vital signs in nurses' recognition and response to deteriorating patients: A scoping review
Authors: Considine Julie , Casey Penelope , Omonaiye Olumuyiwa , van Gulik Nantanit , Allen Joshua , Currey Judy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAim(s)To explore the published research related to nurses' documentation and use of vital signs in recognising and responding to deteriorating patients.DesignScoping review of international, peer‐reviewed research studies.Data SourcesCumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature Complete, Medline Complete, American Psychological Association PsycInfo and Excerpta Medica were searched on 25 July 2023.Reporting MethodPreferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses extension for scoping reviews.ResultsOf 3880 potentially eligible publications, 32 were included. There were 26 studies of nurses' vital sign documentation: 21 adults and five paediatric. The most and least frequently documented vital signs were blood pressure and respiratory rate respectively. Seven studies focused on vital signs and rapid response activation or afferent limb failure. Five studies of vital signs used to trigger the rapid response system showed heart rate was the most frequent and respiratory rate and conscious state were the least frequent. Heart rate was least likely and oxygen saturation was most likely to be associated with afferent limb failure (n = 4 studies).ConclusionDespite high reliance on using vital signs to recognise clinical deterioration and activate a response to deteriorating patients in hospital settings, nurses' documentation of vital signs and use of vital signs to activate rapid response systems is poorly understood. There were 21studies of nurses' vital sign documentation in adult patients and five studies related to children.Implications for the profession and/or patient careA deeper understanding of nurses' decisions to assess (or not assess) specific vital signs, analysis of the value or importance nurses place (or not) on specific vital sign parameters is warranted. The influence of patient characteristics (such as age) or the clinical practice setting, and the impact of nurses' workflows of vital sign assessment warrants further investigation.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.
Micronutrient supplementation practices in relation to the World Health Organisation 2013 guidelines on management of severe acute malnutrition
Authors: Nanga Doris Cement , Carboo Janet A. , Chatenga Humphrey , Nienaber Arista , Conradie Cornelia , Lombard Martani , Dolman‐Macleod Robin Claire 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn 2013, the World Health Organisation (WHO) updated the recommendations for micronutrient deficiency correction in hospitalised under‐5 children with complicated severe acute malnutrition (SAM). This study aimed to describe the micronutrient deficiency correction practices in relation to WHO 2013 recommendations. Data from medical records of under‐5 children admitted for SAM management at two hospitals in South Africa and three tertiary hospitals in Ghana were extracted. Micronutrient correction practices were compared to the WHO 2013 recommendations by considering the dosage, timing of micronutrient supplementation (vitamin A, iron and folic acid) and therapeutic feeds administered. In total, 723 medical records were included. Nearly half (48.3%) of the children received at least one of the studied micronutrients as a supplement. Vitamin A was supplemented in 27.4% of the children, while iron and folic acid were supplemented in 9.5% and 34.9%, respectively. Among the children who received vitamin A, 60.1% received the first dose on Day 1 of admission. Also, 46.4% of the iron‐supplemented children received iron within the first week of admission. Vitamin A, iron and folic acid were administered within the dose range of 100,000–180,000 IU, 3.1–7.7 mg per kg per day, and 3–5 mg per day, respectively. Additionally, 71.7% of the children reportedly received therapeutic feeds that met WHO recommendations. The micronutrient deficiency correction practices regarding dose and timing differed from the 2013 WHO guidelines. Qualitative studies investigating the reasons for the disparities are recommended.
A qualitative investigation into care‐leavers' experiences of accessing mental health support
Authors: Phillips Alice R. , Hiller Rachel M. , Halligan Sarah L. , Lavi Iris , Macleod John A. A. , Wilkins David 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionPeople who grew up under the care of children's social services are a highly vulnerable group, with 50% of this population meeting the criteria for a mental health problem at any one time. Emerging evidence suggests that there is a disparity between the number of people who require support, and those that receive it, and that they face several barriers to accessing timely and effective mental health support. We have a limited understanding of how to support the mental health of this group as they ‘age out’ of children's social services, and the transition to independence, which occurs around the age of 18. We aimed to explore how care‐leavers understand their experiences of help‐seeking from formal mental health services.MethodsWe used qualitative interviews, and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis with 9 care‐experienced young people aged between 18 and 25 years old. This work was co‐produced by a team of care‐experienced adults, from the conception of the study to write‐up.ResultsQualitative analysis revealed several themes which centred around: (1) taking reluctant steps towards recovery, (2) challenges with being understood and the importance of gaining an understanding of yourself, (3) navigating trust and (4) the legacy of not having your mental health needs met.ConclusionsWe identified several important implications for health and social care practice, across primary and secondary health care settings. This work highlights ways to better support this highly vulnerable group in accessing evidence‐based mental health support, and how to maintain engagement.
Potential of using medicinal plant extracts as photosensitizers for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy
Authors: Mikulich Aliaksandr V. , Plavskii Vitaly Yu. , Tretyakova Antonina I. , Nahorny Raman K. , Sobchuk Andrey N. , Dudchik Natalia V. , Emeliyanova Olga A. , Zhabrouskaya Anastasia I. , Plavskaya Ludmila G. , Ananich Tatsiana S. , Dudinova Olga N. , Leusenka Ihar A. , Yakimchuk Sergey V. , Svechko Alexei D. , Tien Tran Quoc , Tong Quang Cong , Nguyen Thanh Phuong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAntimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is a promising approach to overcome antimicrobial resistance. However, for widespread implementation of this approach, approved photosensitizers are needed. In this study, we used commercially available preparations (Calendulae officinalis floridis extract, Chamomillae recutitae floridis extract, Achillea millefolii herbae extract; Hypericum perforatum extract; Eucalyptus viminalis folia extract) as photosensitizers for inactivation of gram‐negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. Spectral‐luminescent analysis has shown that the major chromophores are of chlorophyll (mainly chlorophyll a and b) and hypericin nature. The extracts are efficient generators of singlet oxygen with quantum yield (γΔ) from 0.40 to 0.64 (reference compound, methylene blue with γΔ = 0.52). In APDT assays, bacteria before irradiation were incubated with extracts for 30 min. After irradiation and 24 h of incubation, colony‐forming units (CFU) were counted. Upon exposure of P. aeruginosa to radiation of 405 nm, 590 nm, and 660 nm at equal energy dose of 30 J/cm2 (irradiance – 100 mW/cm2, exposure time – 5 min), the most pronounced effect is observed with blue light (>3 log10 reduction); in case of S. aureus, the effect is approximately equivalent for light of indicated wavelengths and dose (>4 log10 reduction).
Real‐time heart rate variability biofeedback amplitude during a large‐scale digital mental health intervention differed by age, gender, and mental and physical health
Authors: Aschbacher Kirstin , Mather Mara , Lehrer Paul , Gevirtz Richard , Epel Elissa , Peiper Nicholas C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHeart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB) is an efficacious treatment for depression and anxiety. However, translation to digital mental health interventions (DMHI) requires computing and providing real‐time HRVB metrics in a personalized and user‐friendly fashion. To address these gaps, this study validates a real‐time HRVB feedback algorithm and characterizes the association of the main algorithmic summary metric—HRVB amplitude—with demographic, psychological, and health factors. We analyzed HRVB data from 5158 participants in a therapist‐supported DMHI incorporating slow‐paced breathing to treat depression or anxiety symptoms. A real‐time feedback metric of HRVB amplitude and a gold‐standard research metric of low‐frequency (LF) power were computed for each session and then averaged within‐participants over 2 weeks. We provide HRVB amplitude values, stratified by age and gender, and we characterize the multivariate associations of HRVB amplitude with demographic, psychological, and health factors. Real‐time HRVB amplitude correlated strongly (r = .93, p < .001) with the LF power around the respiratory frequency (~0.1 Hz). Age was associated with a significant decline in HRVB (β = −0.46, p < .001), which was steeper among men than women, adjusting for demographic, psychological, and health factors. Resting high‐ and low‐frequency power, body mass index, hypertension, Asian race, depression symptoms, and trauma history were significantly associated with HRVB amplitude in multivariate analyses (p's < .01). Real‐time HRVB amplitude correlates highly with a research gold‐standard spectral metric, enabling automated biofeedback delivery as a potential treatment component of DMHIs. Moreover, we identify demographic, psychological, and health factors relevant to building an equitable, accurate, and personalized biofeedback user experience.
Bridging the cyber protection gap: An investigation into the efficacy of the German cyber insurance market
Authors: Cremer Frank , Sheehan Barry , Fortmann Michael , Mullins Martin , Murphy Finbarr , Materne Stefan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCybersecurity requires an effective risk transfer regime and a well‐functioning insurance market to improve stakeholder resilience. However, rapid cyber threat adaptation, limited data availability, and inadequate risk understanding pose significant challenges for the insurance industry and its customers. This research uses a mixed methods approach to analyze the inclusions, exclusions, and suitability of current cyber policies in the German cyber insurance market. The study analyzes 41 cyber insurance policies, representing about 80% of the German cyber insurance market. This examination is supported by semistructured interviews with 23 cyber insurance experts. The authors find that there are no standardized cyber policy wordings, and insurers use different terms and definitions in their insurance policies. Specifically, the results show a significant lack of clarity around coverages and exclusions. This research contributes to the cybersecurity risk management community and will enable businesses, insurance companies, and policymakers to better understand, measure, and manage cyber risk.