bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The symmetry group of the quantum harmonic oscillator in an electric field
Authors: Lejarreta Juan , Cerveró Jose 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
In this paper we present two results. First, we derive the most general group of infinitesimal transformations for the Schrödinger Equation of the general time-dependent Harmonic Oscillator in an electric field. The infinitesimal generators and the commutation rules of this group are presented and the group structure is identified. From here it is easy to construct a set of unitary operators that transform the general Hamiltonian to a much simpler form. The relationship between squeezing and dynamical symmetries is also stressed. The second result concerns the application of these group transformations to obtain solutions of the Schrödinger equation in a time-dependent potential. These solutions are believed to be useful for describing particles confined in boxes with moving boundaries. The motion of the walls is indeed governed by the time-dependent frequency function. The applications of these results to non-rigid quantum dots and tunnelling through fluctuating barriers is also discussed, both in the presence and in the absence of a time-dependent electric field. The differences and similarities between both cases are pointed out.
Shaping and switching of polychromatic light in arrays of periodically curved nonlinear waveguides
Authors: Garanovich Ivan , Sukhorukov Andrey , Kivshar Yuri 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
We overview our recent theoretical results on spatio-spectral control, diffraction management, and broadband all-optical switching of polychromatic light in periodically curved one and two dimensional arrays of coupled optical waveguides. In particular, we show that polychromatic light beams and patterns produced by white-light and supercontinuum sources can experience wavelength-independent normal, anomalous, or zero diffraction in specially designed structures. We also demonstrate that in the nonlinear regime, it is possible to achieve broadband all-optical switching of polychromatic light in a directional waveguide coupler with special bending of the waveguide axes. Our results suggest novel opportunities for creation of all-optical logical gates and switches which can operate in a very broad frequency region, e.g., covering the entire visible spectrum.
Optimal homotopy asymptotic method with application to thin film flow
Authors: Marinca Vasile , Herişanu Nicolae , Nemeş Iacob 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
A new approximate analytical technique to address for non-linear problems, namely Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Method (OHAM) is proposed and has been applied to thin film flow of a fourth grade fluid down a vertical cylinder. This approach however, does not depend upon any small/large parameters in comparison to other perturbation method. This method provides a convenient way to control the convergence of approximation series and allows adjustment of convergence regions where necessary. The series solution has been developed and the recurrence relations are given explicitly. The results reveal that the proposed method is very accurate, effective and easy to use.
Investigation of the electronic structure of the SbSeBr cluster
Authors: Audzijonis Algirdas , Gaigalas Gediminas , Žigas Leonardas , Pauliukas Audrius , Šalkus Bronislovas , Žaltauskas Raimundas , Kvedaravičius Antanas , Čerškus Aurimas , Narušis Jurgis 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
The energy levels of valence bands (VB) in SbSeBr crystals were calculated for investigation of the photoelectron emission spectra of A5B6C7 — type crystals. The molecular model of this crystal was used for calculation of VB by the Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Unrestricted Hartree — Fock (UHF) methods. The molecular cluster consisting of 20 molecules of SbSeBr was used for calculations of averaged total density of states including atom vibrations. The spectra of averaged total density of states from VB in the SbSeBr cluster were compared with experimental photoelectron emission spectra from VB of A5B6C7 — type crystals. The results of comparison clarify that the atomic vibrations are one of possible reasons for the smoother appearance of the experimental X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS).
Ossification of renal cell carcinoma: a favorable marker
Authors: Serefoglu Ege , Yazgan Aylin , Altinova Serkan , Ozdemir Ahmet , Akincioglu Egemen , Balbay M. 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
Although foci of calcification in renal cell carcinoma is frequently observed, ossification is extremely rare and may be a marker for favorable prognosis. We report a case of renal cell carcinoma with a focus of ossification; this case was not detected with imaging techniques prior to surgery and diagnosed initially on pathologic examination, unlike other cases. If the radiographic evaluation for ossification is inconclusive but the mass is extremely hard to palpate or difficult to cut, the surgeon should remember the favorable prognosis of such lesions and might consider a limited procedure such as partial nephrectomy while waiting for pathological analysis.
Family History and Uterine Fibroid Development in Black and African American Women
Authors: Langton Christine R. , Harmon Quaker E. , Baird Donna D. 
Published: April 2024

ImportanceUterine fibroids are an understudied condition, with earlier onset in Black than White women. Prior studies of the importance of family history on fibroid development are limited by reliance on hospital-based participant selection, poorly defined measures of family history, and nonsystematic fibroid assessment.ObjectiveTo examine whether family history is a risk factor for fibroid development using prospective ultrasonography data to identify incident fibroids and measure fibroid growth and standardized methods to ascertain family history.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective community cohort of Black and African American women from the Detroit, Michigan, area was conducted from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2018, using 4 standardized ultrasonographic examinations during 5 years to detect fibroids 0.5 cm or larger in diameter and measure fibroid growth. Data analysis was performed between May 2022 and January 2024.ExposuresMaternal fibroid history data were gathered directly from participants’ mothers when possible (1425/1628 [88%]), and 2 exposure variables were created: maternal history of fibroids (diagnosed vs not diagnosed) and age at maternal fibroid diagnosis (20-29, 30-39, or ≥40 years vs not diagnosed).Main Outcomes and MeasuresFibroid incidence was assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models; fibroid growth was calculated as change in log-volume per 18 months for fibroids matched at successive ultrasonograms.ResultsA total of 1610 self-identified Black and/or African American women aged 23 to 35 years (mean [SD] age, 29.2 [3.4] years) with no prior clinical diagnosis of fibroids at enrollment were available for analysis. Of 1187 fibroid-free participants at enrollment, 442 (37%) had mothers who were diagnosed with fibroids. Compared with participants without a maternal history of fibroids, those reporting maternal history had an adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) of 1.21 (95% CI, 0.96-1.52). Risk was strongest in those whose mothers were diagnosed at a younger age (20-29 years: AHR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.11-2.21; 30-39 years: AHR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.71-1.49; ≥40 years: AHR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.81-1.52; P = .053 for trend). Fibroid growth rates were higher when mothers were diagnosed with fibroids vs not diagnosed (8.0% increased growth; 95% CI, −1.2% to 18.0%).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this prospective cohort study, results supported maternal history of fibroids as a risk factor for incident fibroids, especially when mothers were diagnosed at a younger age. Maternal history was also associated with increased fibroid growth. Asking patients about their family history of fibroids could encourage patient self-advocacy and inform care.
Research on adaptive particle swarm optimization particle filter target tracking algorithm in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Jiang Chun‐Yan , Wu Jing , Gou Rong , Fu Jing‐Fang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWith regard to target tracking in wireless sensor networks, we are faced with problems like deficient occlusion handling and tracking failures during rapid movements due to complex and diverse circumstances. In order to effectively improve the accuracy of particle filter tracking caused by particle degradation, we propose an adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) particle filter algorithm. This algorithm uses particle filters to predict the target location in a particular area and introduces the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, of which both the evolutionary speed and the convergence accuracy are further improved by investigating the particle distribution through an entropy analysis, employing three different inertial weighting strategies and dynamic double mutation strategy, and exploiting the capabilities of the adaptive balancing algorithm in global and local searching. The simulation results show that the improved algorithm has a reduced root mean square error, shorter time consumption, faster speed, reduced target tracking error, and higher average success rate, so this algorithm exhibits sound real‐time performance and accuracy in terms of occlusion handling and tracking loss.
Deciphering the Performance Enhancement, Cell Failure Mechanism, and Amelioration Strategy of Sodium Storage in Metal Chalcogenides‐Based Anodes
Authors: Li Tong , Wang Boxi , Song Haobin , Mei Peng , Hu Junping , Zhang Manman , Chen Guanghui , Yan Dong , Zhang Daohong , Huang Shaozhuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTransition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) emerge as promising anode materials for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), heralding a new era of energy storage solutions. Despite their potential, the mechanisms underlying their performance enhancement and susceptibility to failure in ether‐based electrolytes remain elusive. This study delves into these aspects, employing CoS2 electrodes as a case in point to elucidate the phenomena. The investigation reveals that CoS2 undergoes a unique irreversible and progressive solid–liquid–solid phase transition from its native state to sodium polysulfides (NaPSs), and ultimately to a Cu1.8S/Co composite, accompanied by a gradual morphological transformation from microspheres to a stable 3D porous architecture. This reconstructed 3D porous structure is pivotal for its exceptional Na+ diffusion kinetics and resilience to cycling‐induced stress, being the main reason for ultrastable cycling and ultrahigh rate capability. Nonetheless, the CoS2 electrode suffers from an inevitable cycle life termination due to the microshort‐circuit induced by Na metal corrosion and separator degradation. Through a comparative analysis of various TMCs, a predictive framework linking electrode longevity is established to electrode potential and Gibbs free energy. Finally, the cell failure issue is significantly mitigated at a material level (graphene encapsulation) and cell level (polypropylene membrane incorporation) by alleviating the NaPSs shuttling and microshort‐circuit.
Atomic Pt Sites Anchored in the Interface between Grains on Vacancy‐Enriched CeO2 Nanosheets: One‐Step Precursor Combustion Synthesis
Authors: Dong Feng , Liang Xiao , Zhang Zedong , Yin Haibo , Wang Dingsheng , Li Junhua , Li Yadong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAtomic metal catalysts have unique electronic, structural, and catalytic properties, which are widely used in the field of catalysis. However, designing new simple synthesis methods to fabricate atomic metal catalysts is a challenge in catalytic applications. Herein, a one‐step precursor combustion strategy is presented that starts directly from precursors of metal salts, using a spontaneous combustion process convert platinum nitrate to atomic Pt sites. The atomic Pt sites with low valence are anchored in the formed interface between grains on vacancy‐enriched CeO2 nanosheets. The obtained Pt/CeO2‐2 catalyst exhibits much higher three‐way catalytic activities at low temperatures than Pt/CeO2‐C catalysts prepared using the traditional impregnation method. Density functional theory calculations show that the generated lower valent Pt atoms in the CeO2 interface promote catalytic activity through reducing the energy barrier, and lead to an overall improvement of three‐way catalytic activities. This facile strategy provides new insights into the study of the properties and applications of atomic noble metal catalysts.
Toward Intelligent Display with Neuromorphic Technology
Authors: Zhang Xianghong , Liu Di , Liu Shuai , Cai Yongjie , Shan Liuting , Chen Cong , Chen Huimei , Liu Yaqian , Guo Tailiang , Chen Huipeng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the era of the Internet and the Internet of Things, display technology has evolved significantly toward full‐scene display and realistic display. Incorporating “intelligence” into displays is a crucial technical approach to meet the demands of this development. Traditional display technology relies on distributed hardware systems to achieve intelligent displays but encounters challenges stemming from the physical separation of sensing, processing, and light‐emitting modules. The high energy consumption and data transformation delays limited the development of intelligence display, breaking the physical separation is crucial to overcoming the bottlenecks of intelligence display technology. Inspired by the biological neural system, neuromorphic technology with all‐in‐one features is widely employed across various fields. It proves effective in reducing system power consumption, facilitating frequent data transformation, and enabling cross‐scene integration. Neuromorphic technology shows great potential to overcome display technology bottlenecks, realizing the full‐scene display and realistic display with high efficiency and low power consumption. This review offers a comprehensive summary of recent advancements in the application of neuromorphic technology in displays, with a focus on interoperability. This work delves into its state‐of‐the‐art designs and potential future developments aimed at revolutionizing display technology.
Ultrathin All‐Solid‐State MoS2‐Based Electrolyte Gated Synaptic Transistor with Tunable Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Film
Authors: Oh Jungyeop , Park Seohak , Lee Sang Hun , Kim Sungkyu , Lee Hyeonji , Lee Changhyeon , Hong Woonggi , Cha Jun‐Hwe , Kang Mingu , Jin Jun Hyup , Im Sung Gap , Kim Min Ju , Choi Sung‐Yool 
Published: April 2024

AbstractElectrolyte‐gated synaptic transistors (EGSTs) have attracted considerable attention as synaptic devices owing to their adjustable conductance, low power consumption, and multi‐state storage capabilities. To demonstrate high‐density EGST arrays, 2D materials are recommended owing to their excellent electrical properties and ultrathin profile. However, widespread implementation of 2D‐based EGSTs has challenges in achieving large‐area channel growth and finding compatible nanoscale solid electrolytes. This study demonstrates large‐scale process‐compatible, all‐solid‐state EGSTs utilizing molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) channels grown through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and sub‐30 nm organic‐inorganic hybrid electrolyte polymers synthesized via initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD). The iCVD technique enables precise modulation of the hydroxyl group density in the hybrid matrix, allowing the modulation of proton conduction, resulting in adjustable synaptic performance. By leveraging the tunable iCVD‐based hybrid electrolyte, the fabricated EGSTs achieve remarkable attributes: a wide on/off ratio of 109, state retention exceeding 103, and linear conductance updates. Additionally, the device exhibits endurance surpassing 5 × 104 cycles, while maintaining a low energy consumption of 200 fJ/spike. To evaluate the practicality of these EGSTs, a subset of devices is employed in system‐level simulations of MNIST handwritten digit recognition, yielding a recognition rate of 93.2%.
Discovery of a Novel Pseudo‐Natural Product Aurora Kinase Inhibitor Chemotype through Morphological Profiling
Authors: Wang Lin , Yilmaz Furkan , Yildirim Okan , Schölermann Beate , Bag Sukdev , Greiner Luca , Pahl Axel , Sievers Sonja , Scheel Rebecca , Strohmann Carsten , Squire Christopher , Foley Daniel J. , Ziegler Slava , Grigalunas Michael , Waldmann Herbert 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe pseudo‐natural product (pseudo‐NP) concept aims to combine NP fragments in arrangements that are not accessible through known biosynthetic pathways. The resulting compounds retain the biological relevance of NPs but are not yet linked to bioactivities and may therefore be best evaluated by unbiased screening methods resulting in the identification of unexpected or unprecedented bioactivities. Herein, various NP fragments are combined with a tricyclic core connectivity via interrupted Fischer indole and indole dearomatization reactions to provide a collection of highly three‐dimensional pseudo‐NPs. Target hypothesis generation by morphological profiling via the cell painting assay guides the identification of an unprecedented chemotype for Aurora kinase inhibition with both its relatively highly 3D structure and its physicochemical properties being very different from known inhibitors. Biochemical and cell biological characterization indicate that the phenotype identified by the cell painting assay corresponds to the inhibition of Aurora kinase B.
DNA Framework‐Based Programmable Atom‐Like Nanoparticles for Non‐Coding RNA Recognition and Differentiation of Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhu Fulin , Yang Xinyu , Ouyang Lilin , Man Tiantian , Chao Jie , Deng Shengyuan , Zhu Dan , Wan Ying 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe cooperative diagnosis of non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) can accurately reflect the state of cell differentiation and classification, laying the foundation of precision medicine. However, there are still challenges in simultaneous analyses of multiple ncRNAs and the integration of biomarker data for cell typing. In this study, DNA framework‐based programmable atom‐like nanoparticles (PANs) are designed to develop molecular classifiers for intra‐cellular imaging of multiple ncRNAs associated with cell differentiation. The PANs‐based molecular classifier facilitates signal amplification through the catalytic hairpin assembly. The interaction between PAN reporters and ncRNAs enables high‐fidelity conversion of ncRNAs expression level into binding events, and the assessment of in situ ncRNAs levels via measurement of the fluorescent signal changes of PAN reporters. Compared to non‐amplified methods, the detection limits of PANs are reduced by four orders of magnitude. Using human gastric cancer cell lines as a model system, the PANs‐based molecular classifier demonstrates its capacity to measure multiple ncRNAs in living cells and assesses the degree of cell differentiation. This approach can serve as a universal strategy for the classification of cancer cells during malignant transformation and tumor progression.
Designing a Novel Wide Bandgap Small Molecule Guest for Enhanced Stability and Morphology Mediation in Ternary Organic Solar Cells with over 19.3% Efficiency
Authors: Zhang Chenyang , Zhong Xiuzun , Sun Xiaokang , Lv Jie , Ji Yaxiong , Fu Jiehao , Zhao Chaoyue , Yao Yiguo , Zhang Guangye , Deng Wanyuan , Wang Kai , Li Gang , Hu Hanlin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, a novel wide‐bandgap small molecule guest material, ITOA, designed and synthesized for fabricating efficient ternary organic solar cells (OSCs) ITOA complements the absorbance of the PM6:Y6 binary system, exhibiting strong crystallinity and modest miscibility. ITOA optimizes the morphology by promoting intensive molecular packing, reducing domain size, and establishing a preferred vertical phase distribution. These features contribute to improved and well‐balanced charge transport, suppressed carrier recombination, and efficient exciton dissociation. Consequently, a significantly enhanced efficiency of 18.62% for the ternary device is achieved, accompanied by increased short‐circuit current density (JSC), fill factor (FF), and open‐circuit voltage (VOC). Building on this success, replacing Y6 with BTP‐eC9 leads to an outstanding PCE of 19.33% for the ternary OSCs. Notably, the introduction of ITOA expedites the formation of the optimized morphology, resulting in an impressive PCE of 18.04% for the ternary device without any postprocessing. Moreover, the ternary device exhibits enhanced operational stability under maximum power point (MPP) tracking. This comprehensive study demonstrates that a rationally designed guest molecule can optimize morphology, reduce energy loss, and streamline the fabrication process, essential for achieving high efficiency and stability in OSCs, paving the way for practical commercial applications.
Low incidence of pancreatic fistula and well‐preserved endocrine function with non‐reconstructed small remnant pancreas after pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Miyashita Mamiko , Yoshioka Ryuji , Fukumura Yuki , Takamatsu Manabu , Oba Atsushi , Ono Yoshihiro , Inoue Yosuke , Mise Yoshihiro , Takahashi Yu , Saiura Akio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimPancreatic reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) that leaves a small remnant pancreas is often difficult. Pancreatic fistula is a major complication after PD, and fistulas are rare in patients with hard pancreas. However, the clinical impact of non‐reconstructed small remnant after PD with hard pancreas is unknown.MethodsWe included all patients who underwent PD for pancreatic tumor without pancreatic reconstruction in two institutions supervised by one surgeon between January 2004 and March 2021. Their short‐ or long‐term outcome after surgery was retrospectively analyzed.ResultsPD was performed in 774 patients, of whom 16 patients were without reconstruction (2.1%) with negative margins at the pancreatic stump. Pancreatic transection was performed above or to the left of the superior mesenteric artery, with a median remnant pancreas length of 3.7 cm (range, 1.3–10.0). A major complication (≥ Clavien–Dindo Grade IIIa) occurred in one patient (6%). Fistula of grade B occurred in one patient (6%). After a median follow‐up of 44 months (95%CI, 10.6–77.3), insulin administration was unnecessary in 11 patients.ConclusionThe preservation of a small pancreatic remnant without reconstruction after PD can be performed safely and may enable the keeping of pancreatic endocrine function for some selected patients with hard pancreas.
Machine learning meets process control: Unveiling the potential of LSTMc
Authors: Sitapure Niranjan , Kwon Joseph Sang‐Il 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the past three decades, proportional‐integral/PI‐differential (PI/PID) controllers and model predictive controller (MPCs) have predominantly governed complex chemical process control. Despite their advancements, these approaches have limitations, with PI/PID controllers requiring scenario‐specific tuning and MPC being computationally demanding. To tackle these issues, we introduce the long‐short‐term‐memory (LSTM)‐controller (LSTMc), a model‐free, data‐driven framework leveraging LSTM networks' robust time‐series prediction capabilities. The LSTMc predicts subsequent manipulated inputs by evaluating state evolution and error dynamics from both the current and previous time‐steps, which proved effective in our dextrose batch crystallization case study. Remarkably, the achieves less than 2% set‐point deviation, three times better than MPCs, and retains robustness even with 10%–15% sensor noise. With these results, LSTMc emerges as a promising alternative for process control, adeptly adjusting to changing process conditions and set‐points, providing efficient computation for an optimal input profile, and effectively filtering out common industrial process noise.