bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Punctate diathermy of the soft palate: a new approach in the surgical management of snoring
Authors: Whinney David J. , Williamson Peter A. , Bicknell Philip G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe present our experience in the surgical management of 21 snorers, utilizing a new approach designed to stiffen the palatal musculature, without compromising its function. This was achieved by using a punctate patterna of intrapalatal diathermy to achieve fibrosis within the palate and hence the requisite stiffening. The initial results of this procedure are encouraging showing a subjective improvement in snoring in 85.7 per cent of patients and an increase in sleeping in the same room as their partner every night, from 14.3 per cent pre-operatively to 57.1 per cent post-operatively.
Intrapetrous carotid artery aneurysm presenting as epistaxis and otalgia
Authors: Banfield G. K. , Brasher P. F. , Deans J. A. J. , Barker P. G. , Taylor W. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAneuroysm of the intrapectous carotis artery is an extremely rare and potentially serious occurence that presents diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. Such aneurysms may follow trauma, atherosclerosis, mastoid surgery or most commonly can represent a developmental abnormality. We present the case of an 18-year-old female with a short history of recurrent left-sided otalifa and epistaxis who underwent successful endovascular ballon entrapment of a left intrapetrous carotid aneurysm.
Pseudoaneurysm of the carotid artery with haemorrhage into the hypopharynx
Authors: Tanaka Saichiro , Kimura Yasuyuki , Furukawa Mitsuru 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPseudoaneurysms of the extracranial carotid arteries are rarely seen following irradiation for cancers of the head and neck. We present a patient with a pseudoaneurysm of the common carotid artery following a radical neck dissection and irradiation for thyroid carcinoma 20 years earlier. Following oesophagoscopical examination, a pseudoaneurysm of the right common carotid artery ruptured into the piriform sinus. The common carotid artery was embolized with multiple coils and the bleeding was halted. The relationship between the carotid artery aneurysm and irradiation, and the treatment of carotid artery aneurysm, is discussed.
Is central hyperacusis a symptom of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) dysfunction?
Authors: Marriage Josephine , Barnes N. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe subjective symptom of hyperacusis is described. The terms ‘hyperacusis’ and ‘phonophobia’ are considered to be synonymous as there is no recognized distinction between these two descriptions. Peripheral auditory pathologies with associated hearing sensitivity are reviewed and the likely mechanisms underlying the hyperacusis are listed. The neurological conditions, which have been reported to occur with hyperacusis, are reviewed. A separate aetiology of central hyperacusis is therefore proposed, with a symptom profile distinct from the peripheral hyperacusisA common factor to neurological conditions with hyperacusis, is disturbance of 5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine) or serotonin function. The research literature on the role of 5-HT in sensory modulation (specifically auditory startle) in animals is presented. It is proposed that 5-HT dysfunction is a probable cause of increased auditory sensitivity manifested as central hyperacusis or phonophobia
Hearing impairment in association with distal renal tubular acidosis among Saudi children
Authors: Zakzouk Siraj M. , Sobki Samia H. , Mansour Faizeh , Al Anazy Fatma H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA follow-up of seven patients with the autosomal recessive inherited syndrome of distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA) and sensorineural hearing loss is described. Five patients were diagnosed as having primary distal renal tubular acidosis and rickets, four were found to have severe sensorineural hearing loss of over 80 dB: two of which are brothers. Two patients were diagnosed as having secondary distal renal acidosis due to a genetic disorder called osteopetrosis; they are brothers and their audiograms showed a mild conductive hearing loss of an average 35 dB bilaterally. All patients had growth retardation with improvement due to alkaline therapy but their hearing loss was not affected by the medication. The pedigrees of two families with half sibs showed the familial incidence for consanguineous marriage. Consanguinity was found to be positive in five out of the seven patients. The tribal tradition in Saudi Arabia fosters consanguineous marriages for cultural and social reasons and pre-arranged marriages are still seen.
Effect of Beconase nasal spray on olfactory function in post-nasal polypectomy patients: a prospective controlled trial
Authors: Naggar Mohammed El , Kale Savita , Aldren Chris , Martin Frank 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNumerous studies have postulated the possible benefit of corticosteroids on olfaction in patients with nasal/sinus disease. Twenty-nine patients with bilateral nasal polyps were included in our study using strict selection criteria to reduce other aetiologies of olfactory dysfunction. The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) was performed pre-operatively on the right and left nostrils separately. Following intranasal polypectomy the patients received a six-week course of beclomethasone nasal spray (Beconase) to one nostril only, with the other acting as a control. The UPSIT scores were again obtained for each nostril separately. Wilcoxon Signed Rank test revealed no statistically significant difference in UPSIT scores between treated and untreated nostrils (p= 0.31; power 70 per cent; ES = 0.47). We conclude that topical beclomethasone does not improve olfaction following nasal polypectomy.
Renal cell carcinoma presenting as a solitary paranasal sinus metastasis
Authors: Homer J. J. , Jones N. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe present an unusual case of renal cell carcinoma presenting as a periorbital mass. The presenting symptom was a supraorbital swelling which proved to be a mucocoele which had arisen secondary to a solitary metastasis in the ethmoidal sinuses. We discuss the management strategy including the place of endoscopic biopsy, the choice of investigations and craniofacial resection.
Bone pate repair of the eroded incus–five years on
Authors: Snow D. G. , Robinson J. M. , Peters J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSeventy-four patients undergoing bone pate repair of the long process of the incus as part of a tympanoplasty are presented. Mean follow-up time was 66 months (range 12–143 months). Hearing results are averaged over the frequencies 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz. Thirty-two per cent of the patients had hearing thresholds better than 30 dB pre-operatively. A significant improvement in hearing was seen (p<O.OO1). The data were also analysed to assess the effect of the pre-operative state of the tympanic membrane on the final result. The pre-operative condition of the tympanic membrane was either perforated (35 ears) or atrophic (33 ears). Six tympanic membranes were intact but these were excluded from the final results. No difference in hearing result was found between patients who had an ossicular repair in combination with either a perforated tympanic membrane repair or an atrophic membrane repair. Average hearing gain in the perforated group was 13 dB, in the atrophic group 9 dB and in the intact group 7 dB.
Intracranial complications of sinusitis: the need for aggressive management
Authors: Jones R. L. , Violaris N. S. , Chavda S. V. , Pahor A. L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSinus-induced intracranial sepsis can represent a genuine medical and surgical emergency. We review 12 cases presenting to our hospitals over a five-year period. Nine were male and three were female with an age range of 16 to 74 years (mean 35.5 years). Four patients had their sinusitis diagnosed prior to admission and eight did not. Nine patients had bilateral sinus disease, the most common sinus involved was the frontal followed by the ethmoid, maxillary and sphenoid. Neurosurgical drainage was via a craniotomy in seven cases and burr hole in three. Nine patients underwent sinus surgery and three did not. Of the nine who had sinus surgery three had frontal drainage, four fronto-ethmoidal and two transsphenoidal drainage. The most common organism was Streptococcus milleri. Our series confirms that sinus-induced intracranial sepsis is a serious problem needing early diagnosis and aggressive treatment. We would recommend a high index of suspicion of sinusitis in patients with intracranial infection.
Highly aggressive behaviour of occult papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Hefer Tsila , Joachims Henry Zvi , Hashmonai Moshe , Ben-Arieh Yehudith , Brown Jacob 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOccult papillary thyroid carcinoma is generally associated with an excellent prognosis. Distant metastasis of this tumour is extremely rare. A case of occult papillary thyroid carcinoma with metastases to the lungs, cervical lymph nodes, skeleton, and the brain is reported. The tumour expressed itself in extremely aggressive clinical behaviour and responded only partially to aggressive therapy. The controversial methods of treatment for occult papillary thyroid carcinoma are also discussed.
How we do it: use of a venous cannulation needle for endoscopic Teflon injection to the vocal folds
Authors: Strachan David , Kamath Basker , Wengraf Carol 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSince its introduction in the 1960's the injection of Teflon into a paralysed vocal fold has become a standard treatment in laryngology. Although in recent years alternative treatments have been suggested, such as the injection of collagen or autogenous fat (Mikaelianet al., 1991), re-innervation procedures and thyroplasty (Crumley, 1990), the use of Teflon is still widespread (Rontal and Rontal, 1991; Dedo, 1992). Various instruments have been developed for the application of Teflon paste and these take the form of a gun-like syringe with a ratchet mechanism. For a number of years we have injected Teflon using a needle marketed for internal jugular vein cannulation along with a plastic 1 ml syringe thus making substantial savings to our department in terms of both time and cost.
Dysphonia as an atypical presentation of gastro-oesophageal reflux
Authors: Weiner Graeme M. , Batch A. J. G. , Radford K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe present three cases of dysphonia in which gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) appeared to be a precipitating factor. In all cases reflux was clinically occult. We discuss the theory and implications of GOR presenting atypically with laryngeal symptoms, and outline our current approach to laryngeal symptoms of clinically evident or occult GOR.
Acute labyrinthitis associated with systemicCandida albicansinfection in ageing mice
Authors: Ashman Robert B. , Papadimitriou John M. , Fulurija Alma 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe yeastCandida albicansis an important opportunistic pathogen that has been associated with disease of the inner ear. This study describes the histopathology of acute labyrinthitis caused by systemic infection with C.albicansin ageing inbred mice. Within four days after infection, yeast and hyphal forms of C.albicanswere found in the membranous labyrinth. The utricle and the adjacent parts of the ampullary regions of the semicircular canals were most severely affected, but damage was also seen in the scala media, the Scala tympani, the saccule, and the scala vestibuli. In the utricle, the lining epithelium of the membranous labyrinth was disrupted, and the lining cells of the vestibular membrane showed foci in which the membrane was disrupted. The data suggest that age may represent a risk factor for fungal labyrinthitis.
Cavernous sinus thrombosis following manipulation of fractured nasal bones
Authors: Ahmmed A. U. , Camilleri A. E. , Small M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSeptic cavernous sinus thrombosis is a serious infective condition with a high mortality and morbidity. We report the first case to our knowledge of septic cavernous sinus thrombosis following manipulation of fractured nasal bone under general anaesthesia. The patient later developed complications of pneumonia with pleural effusion, a vegetative lesion of the mitral valve, and blindness.
Retro- and para-pharyngeal ganglioneuroma
Authors: Walch C. , Anderhuber W. , Preidler K. , Humer U. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA patient with slight dysphagia and dyspnoea on exertion was referred to us. We diagnosed a large retro- and para-pharyngeal ganglioneuroma. The mass was surgically removed in toto. The case is presented and the features are discussed.
Obstruction of the nasal valve
Authors: Elwany Samy , Thabet Hossam 
Published: November 2007

AbstractObstruction of the nasal valve is an important cause of chronic nasal obstruction in adults. In a series of 500 patients, obstruction at the level of the nasal valve was diagnosed in 65 of them (13 per cent). The obstruction was unilateral in 57 patients (88 per cent). Forty-seven patients (72 per cent) had history of previous nasal surgery of accidental trauma. Causes of obstruction of the nasal valve included high septal deviations, a weak or deformed upper lateral cartilage, adhesions, and alar collapse. All patients underwent corrective nasal surgery and the surgical procedures were tailored according to the existing pathology. Post-operatively, the mean nasal patency score increased from 2.9 to 8.6, the mean nasal airflow increased from 579.5 to 727 cm/sec (at 150 Pa), and the mean nasal resistance decreased from 0.31 to 0.23 Pa/cm3sec-1.
Modifications of the Caldwell-Luc procedure for the prevention of post-operative sensitivity disorders
Authors: Ferekidis E. , Tzounakos P. , Kandiloros D. , Kaberos A. , Adamopoulos G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe effectiveness of some modifications of the Caldwell-Luc standard procedure in the prevention of postoperative mid-facial sensitivity disorders was investigated in a prospective comparative study at the ENT Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece, from 1986–1992. Sixty-nine maxillary sinuses were operated on in 61 patients suffering from benign pathological conditions. The modifications concerned the type of mucoperiosteal incision and the site and size of the created anterior antrostomy. Only 8.7 per cent of the sinuses operated on by the modified technique presented with post-operative disorders whereas among those operated on by the classical technique, the ratio climbed to 33 per cent. In view of the findings of this study, the modifications applied can be valuable in treating non-extensive maxillary sinus disease with minimal post-operative sensitivity disorders.
Candida – ‘the cancer of silastic’
Authors: Ell S. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCandida species have the propensity to colonize and erode into the surface of silastic causing a loss of function. Colonization of silastic tracheo-oesophageal speaking-valves is an important cause of valve failure post-laryngectomy: the exact nature of the colonization is unknown and light microscopic studies have not been reported previously.Microbiological examination of scrapings taken from the colonized oesophageal surface of failed speaking valves was arranged before sectioning for light microscopy. Conventional ultrathin sectioning of silastic was difficult, therefore 15 micrometre sections were cut after cooling the material to −30°C. These sections were then stained with toluidine blue; Candida species taking up the stain.Microbiological examination of the colonies confirmed the predominance of Candida species in the biofilm. Light microscopy of the 15 micrometer sections revealed that the Candida colonies had invaded the silastic.This work demonstrates that the colonization of the silastic valve prosthesis in the oesophageal area is due predominantly to Candida species which actively invade the structure of the silastic. This is an important cause of speaking-valve failure post-laryngectomy.
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the middle ear – a case report
Authors: Soh K. B. K. , Tan H. K. K. , Sinniah R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the middle ear, a site which does not appear to have been previously described. A discussion of four possible theories of pathogenesis are presented.
Bilateral antrochoanal polyps in a child: a case report
Authors: Myatt H. M. , Cabrera M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn this paper we present the first ever reported case of simultaneously occurring bilateral antrochoanal polyps in a fit 12-year-old child. The antrochoanal polyps (ACP) were removed using functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) which achieved complete cure. Histological analysis of the polyps showed them to be of benign inflammatory origin.
Clinical and biochemical studies of bone destruction in cholesteatoma
Authors: Amar Mohamed S. , Wishahi Hussein F. , Zakhary Madeha M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe exact causative factor(s) of bone erosion in cholesteatoma are not known. In recent years, the possible role of cytokines has drawn attention. Since the studies on cytokines in cholesteatoma are limited and depend on histopathological methods, the present work approached this subject by biochemical determination of TNF-α lysosomal enzymes, acid phosphatase (total and tartrate resistant), cathepsin B, leucyl aminopeptidase lysozyme together with non-lysosomal enzymes calpain I and II in 50 cholesteatoma samples (epithelial and subepithelial tissues) in comparison with 14 normal skin samples from the external ear canal. The study revealed significantly increased levels of all previous indices in cholesteatoma epithelium and subepithelial tissues compared with healthy skin. The levels of these indices reflected the clinical severity of the disease as reflected by their significant increase in cases with erosion of two or three ossicles, erosion of dural plate, sinus plate and facial canal and more extensive cholesteatoma. It is likely that TNF-α acts both directly by causing bone erosion and indirectly by stimulating the release of lysosomal enzymes. The latter mechanism is supported by the significant correlations observed between TNF-α and lysosomal enzymes. The non-lysosomal enzymes calpain I and II seem to participate in the bone erosion associated with cholesteatoma by their involvement in collagen destruction. Due to the suggested role of TNF-α in bone destruction associated with cholesteatoma the use of anti-inflammatory drugs should be taken into consideration in otitis media to diminish bone destruction. Similarly, antibiotics should be used to prevent the deleterious effects of bacterial endotoxin.
Case of ageusia from a variety of causes
Authors: Deguchi K. , Furuta S. , Imakiire T. , Ohyama M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a case of a 31-year-old woman with ageusia. Her ageusia was related to a variety of causes including an unbalanced diet, administration of the anti-epileptic drug, carbamazepine and psychological factors. Her taste function recovered after stopping the carbamazepine and treatment with liver extracts and zinc sulphate.
A silver tattoo of the nasal mucosa after silver nitrate cautery
Authors: Mayall Frederick , Wild David 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a silver tattoo of the nasal mucosa that occurred after silver nitrate cautery for nasal bleeding. Ths type of tattoo is a very rare potential mimic of melanoma and appears not to have been described before. It has similar features to an amalgam tattoo of the oral mucosa on histology and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX).
Metastatic osteosarcoma of the ethmoid: an unusual cause of recurrent epistaxis and proptosis
Authors: Sharma H. S. , Reddy S. C. , Mohamad Abdul , Meor Kamal M. Z. , Halder Dinesh 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOsteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumour of bone and it usually metastasises to the lung. In the nasal cavity metastatic disease is extremely rare. We describe a case of osteosarcoma presenting with recurrent epistaxis, and proptosis due to secondaries in the nasal cavity. To our knowledge such a case has not been reported previously in the available English literature.
Treatment of acute auricular haematoma
Authors: Quine S. M. , Roblin D. G. , Cuddihy P. J. , Tomkinson A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAuricular haematoma is a problem frequently complicated by recurrence due to failure to apply adequate pressure over the pinna following simple drainage. We describe a simple method of splinting the pinna using silicone putty which overcomes this problem.
Explanatation of a nucleus multichannel cochlear implant and re-implantation into the contralateral ear. A case report of a new strategy
Authors: Maas Stefan , Bance Manohar , O'Driscoll Martin , Mawman Deborah , Ramsden Richard T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe present a unique case in which a multichannel cochlear implant device was explanted and the same device was re-implanted into the contralateral ear. A patient with bilateral total deafness secondary to head injury received an implant in his left ear but developed severe facial nerve stimulation. Because this stimulation could not be eliminated effectively with change of programming, it was decided to implant the contralateral ear. Since the device itself was functioning well, it was explanted from the left ear and re-implanted successfully into the right ear. Facial nerve stimulation was minimal in this ear and the patient demonstrated very good speech discrimination. To our knowledge, this is the first description of this strategy.
Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica: Bazex syndrome
Authors: Wareing Michael J. , Vaughan-Jones Samantha A. , McGibbon David H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBazex syndrome, or acrokeratosis paraneoplastica, is a cutaneous paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by psoriasiform lesions associated with, usually, a squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. We present a case of Bazex syndrome associated with metastatic cervical squamous cell carcinoma with an unknown primary. The features of the condition are discussed in the light of current knowledge.
Otorhinolaryngological diseases in Byzantium (A.D. 324–1453): information from non-medical literary sources
Authors: Lascaratos J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe knowledge of the Byzantine physicians in the field of otorhinolaryngology and especially of the eminent ones, Oribasius, Aetius of Ameda, Paul of Aegina and Alexander of Tralles is noteworthy. They knew an adequate number of diseases of the ear, nose and throat and treated them with a plethora of drugs and some of them, especially tonsillitis and tonsillar abscess, with operations. The writer, based on the texts of the Byzantine historians and chroniclers, presents information previously unknown. This includes analysis of cases of an epidemic of angina, speech defects, instances of otitis, epistaxis, ulcer of the mouth, acute laryngitis or pharyngitis and psychogenic aphonia. Most cases concern emperors and other prominent figures of the State and Church. This information complements, from the historical point of view, the scientific knowledge of the medical writersin the field of otorhinolaryngology.