bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urban gradient resolution matters! Avian diversity patterns in a boreal green city
Authors: García-Arroyo Michelle , Gómez-Martínez Miguel A. , Back Meri , Setälä Heikki , MacGregor-Fors Ian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Urbanization is a prominent driver of environmental change worldwide, profoundly impacting biodiversity dynamics. While much research has originated from large urban areas in temperate regions, medium-sized boreal cities remain relatively understudied. By following a citywide survey approach, we studied the impact of urbanization intensity gradient resolution on bird diversity in Lahti, Finland, a green boreal city. While one of the urbanization intensity gradients (four-category gradient) showed no significant differences in species richness, the more detailed resolution (ten-category gradient) revealed a decline in species richness within the most urbanized categories, albeit such decline was not pronounced, probably due to the extensive green cover of the city. Species identity analyses confirmed distinct bird community compositions at 50% built cover threshold for both gradient resolutions. Our analyses identified key variables related to bird species richness on the site level, highlighting the positive correlation with tree cover and negative correlations between built cover and noise level with recorded bird species richness. These findings expose the intricate interplay of habitat variables in shaping bird diversity in urban environments. Moreover, the results of this study emphasize the importance of detailed resolutions when assessing urbanization gradients, particularly in less biodiverse regions. Finally, we show the pivotal role of citywide surveys in providing a comprehensive understanding of urban biodiversity, allowing for precise categorization and comparison of conditions within the city. This approach provides valuable insights for urban planning and conservation efforts in boreal climatic regions.
Impact of nasal modifications on sinonasal function after maxillomandibular advancement for obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Poupore Nicolas S. , Abdelwahab Mohamed 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To assess sinonasal function after preservation maxillomandibular advancement (MMA), as initial reports have shown it may decrease postoperatively.

Methods
This prospective study was performed at a tertiary referral center starting January 2023. MMA was performed with previously published nasal modifications to help mitigate negative sinonasal outcomes. Sino-nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) and Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation Survey (NOSE) were collected preoperatively, and one and three months postoperatively. Repeated measures ANOVAs with a Bonferroni adjustment were performed for total score, total sinonasal score (sum of questions 1–12), and each symptom. Both p-values and partial eta squared (np
2) were reported.

Results
Twenty patients were included. Median age was 50.7 years (range 31–65), with 20.0% being female. Preoperative AHI (65.1 ± 28.9) and SpO2 Nadir (78.0% [69.0–82.0]) improved to 12.1 ± 12.1 and 86.0 ± 3.2%. NOSE significantly decreased at one month (55.9 ± 28.4 vs. 8.11 ± 12.0, p < 0.001). Total score and total sinonasal scores significantly decreased postoperatively (49.0 ± 21.6 vs. 18.1 ± 17.4 vs. 12.5 ± 14.1, p < 0.001; 17.3 ± 12.5 vs. 9.2 ± 9.3 vs. 6.3 ± 7.3, p = 0.003) with MMA having large effects on both variables (np
2=0.72 and 0.35, respectively). MMA had large significant effects on improvement in need to blow nose, nasal blockage, sneezing, runny nose, cough, post-nasal discharge, dizziness, and ear pain at one and three months postoperatively. Facial pain/pressure significantly worsened at one-month but then improved to baseline at three months postoperatively ((1.2 ± 1.4 vs. 1.9 ± 1.5 vs. 1.2 ± 1.4, p = 0.026).

Conclusion
Patients who underwent preservation MMA did not show evidence of worsening sinonasal function, with some evidence that sinonasal function may improve after MMA at three months postoperatively. Long-term follow-up with more patients is needed to support these findings.
Intraoperative adaptive eye model based on instrument-integrated OCT for robot-assisted vitreoretinal surgery
Authors: Briel Marius , Haide Ludwig , Hess Maximilian , Schimmelpfennig Jan , Matten Philipp , Peter Rebekka , Hillenbrand Matthias , Tagliabue Eleonora , Mathis-Ullrich Franziska 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) is the most common surgical procedure performed by retinal specialists, highlighting the need for model-based assistance and automation in surgical treatment. An intraoperative retinal model provides precise anatomical information relative to the surgical instrument, enhancing surgical precision and safety.

Methods
This work focuses on the intraoperative parametrization of retinal shape using 1D instrument-integrated optical coherence tomography distance measurements combined with a surgical robot. Our approach accommodates variability in eye geometries by transitioning from an initial spherical model to an ellipsoidal representation, improving accuracy as more data is collected through sensor motion.

Results
We demonstrate that ellipsoid fitting outperforms sphere fitting for regular eye shapes, achieving a mean absolute error of less than 40

$$\upmu \hbox {m}$$

μ
m

in simulation and below 200

$$\upmu \hbox {m}$$

μ
m

on 3D printed models and ex vivo porcine eyes. The model reliably transitions from a spherical to an ellipsoidal representation across all six tested eye shapes when specific criteria are satisfied.

Conclusion
The adaptive eye model developed in this work meets the accuracy requirements for clinical application in PPV within the central retina. Additionally, the global model effectively extrapolates beyond the scanned area to encompass the retinal periphery.This capability enhances PPV procedures, particularly through virtual boundary assistance and improved surgical navigation, ultimately contributing to safer surgical outcomes.
Achieving sustainability transformations for multi-species justice: assessing the potential of diverse legal pathways and societal struggles
Authors: Banwell Stacy , Nelson Valerie , Dehbi Fatimazahra 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article explores the transformative potential of legal pathways and societal struggles to conserve biodiversity and achieve sustainability transformations toward multi-species justice. Exploring contemporary discourse on sustainability transformations, including emerging attention to relationality and critical perspectives, we analyse a range of legal instruments and measures to assess their transformative potential drawing upon their capacity to overcome rigid Cartesian dichotomies between humans and nature, to challenge capitalist accumulation imperatives and hence to contribute to a new societal sustainability goal of pluriversal, multi-species justice. Ranging from mainstream approaches in existing biodiversity and environmental instruments and supply chain instruments, such as environmental and deforestation due diligence, to newly emerging, more radical propositions of Rights of Nature, Ecocide and Restorative Justice, we review existing literature and empirical cases to interrogate and reflect upon their transformative potential, and to identify potentially effective combinations of socio-legal pathways.
Comparison between low molecular weight heparin and apixaban (direct oral anticoagulant) in the prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Abdelsalam Ahmed , Fikry Michael , Fahmy Ahmed , Hegazy Tarek , Hamdy Afaf , Refaat Ahmed , Elansary Ahmed 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Like any major operation, sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has its reported postoperative complications. Among them are venous thromboembolic complications (VTE) that may predispose to mortality. Despite the proven efficacy of the traditional anticoagulants, such as low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) for VTE management, they have their limitations. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been currently adopted for the management of VTE. We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of apixaban against VTE after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in comparison with LMWH.

Methods
This was a randomized controlled trial that included 100 adult patients who underwent SG and received LMWH (Group A) or apixaban (Group B) for VTE prophylaxis. We recorded and analyzed the postoperative events up to the 30th day after surgery.

Results
This study included Group A (n = 50) and Group B (n = 50). No VTE occurred in either group (0%). Postoperative bleeding was encountered in one patient of each group (2%). The follow-up venous Doppler study was unremarkable in the two groups.

Conclusion
Apixaban was shown to be comparable to LMWH for the prevention of VTE after LSG with similar efficacy and safety making it a promising alternative to LMWH in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
Spatial distribution of mRNA transcripts of chitinases class VII and beta-1,3-glucanases class II in flax zygotic and somatic embryo development
Authors: Petrovská Beáta , Libantová Jana , Salaj Terézia , Matušíková Ildikó , Mikitová Veronika , Klubicová Katarína , Salaj Ján 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Key message
The accumulation of mRNA transcripts of chitinases class VII and beta-1,3-glucanases class II decreases as embryo development progresses. In later stages, it occurs mainly in actively proliferating meristems.

Abstract
Besides being considered pathogenesis-related proteins, chitinases and β-1,3-glucanases are involved in many physiological and developmental processes. In this study, we investigated the potential role of specific β-1,3-glucanases class II and chitinases class VII in zygotic and somatic embryogenesis using in situ hybridization (ISH). The ISH experiments revealed that the mRNA transcripts of LuChitVII and LuGlucII, along with closely related chitinases and β-1,3-glucanases, accumulated during zygotic embryo development. In the earlier stages of embryo development, both probes showed uniform and relatively strong hybridization signals throughout the embryo. However, as development progressed, the signal intensity decreased. In the cotyledonary stage, the studied mRNA transcripts were more abundant in the meristems, with predominant accumulation in the basal part of the embryo. These structures are known for their high proliferation rates, suggesting the involvement of chitinases and β-1,3-glucanases in cell division. A similar expression pattern of both hydrolases was observed during somatic embryo development.
Phenolic Compounds: Investigating Their Anti-Carbonic Anhydrase, Anti-Cholinesterase, Anticancer, Anticholinergic, and Antiepileptic Properties Through Molecular Docking, MM-GBSA, and Dynamics Analyses
Authors: Akkus Musa , Kirici Mahinur , Poustforoosh Alireza , Erdogan Mehmet Kadir , Gundogdu Ramazan , Tüzün Burak , Taslimi Parham 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Phenolic compounds are a new class of Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs). Despite numerous advancements in treatment approaches, cancer continues to be a growing health problem worldwide. In our study, we tested the effects of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyacetophenone (1), doxycycline hydrochloride (2), 5,7-dichloro-8-hydroxyquinoline (3), methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (4), 2-hydroxy-4-methylacetophenone (5), 6-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin (6), and 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone (7) on Achetylcholynesterase (AChE), Butrycholynesterase (BChE), and Human Carbonic anhydrase I (hCA I) enzymes. The U2OS human osteosarcoma cell line was used to determine the anticancer potential of these phenolic compounds. The effects of the compounds on proliferation and colony formation were analyzed using the Neutral Red Uptake (NRU) assay and the clonogenic assay. The Ki values of arachidonoyl dopamine, 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzaldehyde, and 3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid were 203.80, 1170.00, and 910.00 mM, respectively, for hCA I, and 75.25, 354.00, and 1510.00 mM, respectively, for Human Carbonic anhydrase II (hCA II). Additionally, IC50 values from in vivo studies were found to range from 173.25 to 1360.00 mM for CA I and CA II, respectively, using CO2-hydratase activity methods. The NRU assay results revealed that the compounds had a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on U2OS cells. The IC50 values of the compounds in U2OS osteosarcoma cells were determined to be > 100, 93.7, 81.4, 26.9, > 100, 53.1, and > 100 µM, respectively. Notably, methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (4), the compound with the lowest IC50 value, significantly suppressed colony formation at 5 and 10 µM concentrations. These results demonstrated that the phenolic compounds used in in vivo studies could inhibit approximately 30% of the CO2-hydratase activity of the total CA enzyme of rat erythrocytes. Furthermore, the anticancer potential of the tested compounds suggests that these molecules could pave the way for the development of new approaches in cancer treatment. The activities of the seven molecules studied were compared against AChE (PDB ID: 4M0E), BChE (PDB ID: 5NN0), hCA I (PDB ID: 2CAB), and E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (PDB ID: 4HG7) proteins. The binding free energy of the molecule with the highest docking score is computed using MM/GBSA techniques. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations were performed between 6-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin and the 4M0E protein over a 0–200 ns interval.

Graphical abstract
The patients’ perspective of bedside teaching in the post-Covid era
Authors: Kearns Angela , Lennon James , Hurley Lucy 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Bedside teaching with real patients is vital to the education of medical students. With the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, all student-patient interactions were suspended in order to prevent the spread of the virus. Research has previously focussed on the medical professional and medical student views concerning bedside teaching, with less of a focus on patient insights.

Aims
The purpose and aims of this study were to explore the patient’s perspectives of encountering medical students and contributing to their learning in the clinical setting, beyond the Covid restrictions.

Methods
Qualitative semi-structured interviews were carried out with a cohort of Mayo University hospital inpatients, who had participated in a bedside teaching session. An interview guide was employed to facilitate consistent and analogous data. An interpretative phenomenological approach was used for data analysis yielding a number of themes.

Results
Participants recognised the value of their involvement in the clinical education of future doctors, in addition to the positive impacts of such contributions for their own future healthcare. Participants had no concerns about partaking in bedside teaching sessions relating to Covid infection.

Conclusions
This study assessed the opinions of hospital inpatients with regards to participating in clinical teaching sessions and found that they do not perceive their role as passive.
Metacognitive behaviour when working on modelling problems in small groups
Authors: Vorhölter Katrin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The use of metacognitive strategies when working on modelling problems in small groups is assumed to lead to goal-oriented and effective processing of the problems. Based on the analysis of eight group processes of grade 9 students working on a modelling problem, this article takes a detailed look at the initiation of metacognitive behaviour by individual students in the group process. For this purpose, videos were coded using a deductive category system in accordance with structuring qualitative content analysis, which was enriched inductively. As a result, the metacognitive strategies initiated by individual students were classified according to two criteria: the time of occurrence (during or between modelling phases) and if they relate to the content of task processing and to the behaviour of group members. Furthermore, seven aims were identified, three of which were related to different areas of metacognitive strategies, and four of which arose from the level of collaborative and socioemotional engagement in the groups. Additionally, the latter could be linked to the extent to which the groups worked together cooperatively or collaboratively and to the extent to which the individual members were included and valued in the work process.
Digital Pathology Allows for Global Second Opinions for Urologic Malignancies
Authors: Shepherd Daniel J. , Gordetsky Jennifer B. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Digital pathology, the use of digital images for histopathologic diagnosis, is transforming the practice of pathology. This review discusses the ability of digital pathology to assist with second opinions for challenging cases in genitourinary pathology worldwide.

Recent Findings
While traditional pathology is limited by physical hardware such as microscopes and glass slides, digital pathology creates opportunities for the rapid sharing of diagnostic materials with colleagues and experts worldwide. This technology can greatly facilitate sharing challenging cases from low-resource areas where pathology services or subspecialty expertise are not available.

Summary
As the incidence of kidney, prostate, and testicular cancer continues to increase in both high-income and developing countries, digital pathology may be the solution for expert opinions in diagnosing urologic disease worldwide.
Evaluating the benefits of immunotherapy in metastatic cervical cancer: an observational retrospective analysis
Authors: Martín-Quesada Ana Isabel , Pérez-Mendez Lina , Pérez-Rodríguez Natalia Dolores 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Cervical cancer is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in women globally. Recent advances in immunotherapy have demonstrated promising results. This study analyses the real-world impact of adding immunotherapy for patients with stage IV cervical carcinoma.

Material and methods
This longitudinal retrospective observational study included patients with stage IV cervical carcinoma in the first metastatic setting treated between 2010 and 2023 at the University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria in Tenerife, Spain. To evaluate the primary objective, patients were divided into two groups depending on whether they had received immunotherapy with pembrolizumab or not. The primary endpoint was 12-month progression-free survival in patients receiving immunotherapy compared to those not receiving it.

Results
A total of 56 patients were analyzed, of whom 31 were tested for PD-L1. Among those tested, 25 patients (84%) were PD-L1 positive, and 18 of them (72%) received immunotherapy. The objective response rate was significantly higher, being 94% in the group that received immunotherapy, compared to 32% in the group that did not (p < 0.001). At 12 months, the cumulative probability of progression-free survival was estimated at 94.4% for the immunotherapy group versus 59.7% in the non-immunotherapy group (p = 0.009), with a hazard ratio of 0.116 (CI95%: 0015 – 0.883; p = 0.038). Immunotherapy alone or combined with bevacizumab showed similar progression-free survival probabilities. However, these outcomes were significantly different when compared to patients who received neither therapy (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Our findings confirm that immunotherapy significantly improves progression-free survival and objective response rates in metastatic cervical carcinoma, aligning with the results from the KEYNOTE-826 trial. The implementation of PD-L1 testing and the addition of immunotherapy whenever possible are challenges to be achieved in clinical practice.
An Intersectional Approach to the Understandings of Well-being of Latin American Adolescent Migrants Living in Barcelona-Spain
Authors: Carrillo Gisela , Carmona Moisés , Alfaro Jaime 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Research on adolescent migrants has prioritized deficit- and adaptation-based approaches, with scarce attention to non-pathologizing perspectives. Faced with this challenge, the study of this population’s understanding of well-being was articulated as a framework capable of strengthening the available knowledge. Qualitative studies on understandings of well-being have contributed to its perception as contextual, multifaceted and changing (Fattore et al., 2021). However, as Hunner-Kreisel and März (Child Indicators Research, 12(2), 425–442, 2019) posit, progress is still required in integrating critical perspectives. Considering this gap, incorporating the intersectional approach allowed the present study to learn about the understandings of well-being from a critical perspective, with a focus on the experiences in the new local space, elaborated by Latin American adolescent migrants living in Barcelona. These understandings were analyzed and articulated following the proposal of Winker and Degele (European Journal of Women’s Studies, 18(1), 51–66, 2011), organized in the levels: identity constructions, symbolic representations and social structures. For the case of adolescent migrants, exploring understandings of well-being from this critical analytical approach strengthens a contextual and historically situated understanding by making oppressions and agencies visible. A qualitative design was used that included semi-structured interviews and the use of photographs as triggers for dialogue with 10 participants between 11 and 18 years of age. The results identify and describe four central understandings of well-being that Latin American adolescent migrants, participants in the study, construct around their new local space: (1) Process of transformations (new identifications, differentiations, belongings) and facing challenges as experiences that enhance a positive sense of self, by perceiving capabilities and growth; (2) Nuclear and extended family as a space of continuity and emotional support; (3) Development of reflective capacity, in terms of comparative analysis between the territory of origin and the new one, generating a sense of understanding of the world and evaluations of present and future living conditions; and (4) Practices that challenge social asymmetry: agency, oriented to include difference; recognition of the relevance of bonds and social support, of linguistic integration and of the inclusive functioning of the school system. This study contributes to advancing critical perspectives on well-being, challenging universalist and psychologistic approaches. The findings offer practical insights for the design of psychosocial interventions and inclusive policies that strengthen adolescents’ agency, promote their inclusion, and address the complex challenges faced by migrant youth in transnational contexts.