bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of E‐ and N‐cadherin in renal cell carcinomas, in renal cell carcinoma cell lines in vitro and in their xenografts
Authors: Tani Taneli , Laitinen Liisa , Kangas Lauri , Lehto Veli‐Pekka , Virtanen Ismo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractE‐ and N‐cadherins are proteins involved in intercellular adhesion and are localized, e.g., in the adherens junctions of epithelial cells. Kidney tubules express these molecules in a distinctive pattern, the expression of N‐cadherin being restricted to proximal tubules and that of E‐cadherin to distal tubules and collecting ducts. Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) and oncocytomas are considered to originate from these tubular epithelia. To find out whether cadherins could serve as markers for a cellular origin of these tumors, we studied the expression of E‐ and N‐cadherins in RCCs and oncocytomas, in cell lines derived from RCCs as well as in tumors grown in nude mice. Most RCCs co‐expressed E‐ and N‐cadherins, as did 2 of the 4 cell lines studied. The expression pattern did not correlate with the histological grade of the tumors, and even the least differentiated tumors, as well as metastases, showed expression of cadherins. Renal oncocytomas expressed E‐cadherin but not N‐cadherin, which is in line with previous studies that have proposed a collecting duct origin for these tumors. Papillary renal neoplasms, a separate entity usually not classified as RCC, expressed neither of the cadherins studied despite the abundant expression of β‐catenin. Our results suggest that most RCCs co‐express the characteristic adhesion molecules of both proximal and distal tubules, which makes it questionable whether the origin of these tumors can be reliably located to any distinct part of the renal tubule. Our results also suggest that in RCCs the increased histological grade is not directly associated with changes in the expression of either of the cadherins, indicating other mechanisms underlying the deficient capacity to form polarized tubular structures. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Application of a new bioresorbable film to guided bone regeneration in tibia defect model of the rabbits
Authors: He Hong , Huang Jianqi , Chen Guanfu , Dong Yan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAim is to study the effect of calcium alginate film (CAF) on guided bone regeneration (GBR). Circular bone defects with 5 mm diameter were created in both tibias in 60 rabbits. The defects covered with CAF served as the experimental site, and with collagen membrane (CM) or with no membrane both served as the control site. Healing was analyzed by gross, X‐ray, electromicroscopy, histology, immuno‐histochemical studies, and an image pattern analysis system after 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks. The CM control sites showed more macrophages, and CM were absorbed more slowly while collecting fewer osteoinductive factors (p < 0.01) in the early weeks. CAF induced dense bone formation, whereas CM induced less new bone, and the blank control sites effected the worst. In conclusion, the effect of CAF group gave better results than blank control group and CM group on GBR in this animal model. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2007
Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and low O2 concentration (1%) synergize to improve the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells (pre‐CFC)
Authors: Kovačević‐Filipović Milica , Petakov Marijana , Hermitte Francis , Debeissat Christelle , Krstić Aleksandra , Jovčić Gordana , Bugarski Dijana , Lafarge Xavier , Milenković Pavle , Praloran Vincent , Ivanović Zoran 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLow O2 concentration (1%) favors the self‐renewal of hematopoietic stem cells and inhibits committed progenitors (CFC). Since IL‐6 influences both stem cells and committed progenitors at 20% O2, we studied its effects in cultures at 1% O2. The pre‐CFC activity in Lin− population of mouse bone marrow was analyzed following 10 days of serum‐free culture in medium (LC1) supplemented with IL‐3 with and without IL‐6, at 20 and 1% O2 and phenotypic differentiation and proliferative history monitored. The IL‐6 receptor expression and initiation of VEGF‐A synthesis were also investigated. At 20% O2, the effects of IL‐6 on pre‐CFC were negligible but effects on CFC were apparent; conversely, at 1% O2, the IL‐6 enhances activity of pre‐CFC but not of CFC. Unlike at 20% O2, at 1% O2 a subpopulation of cells remained Lin− in spite of extensive proliferation. However, the absolute number of Lin− cells, did not correlate with pre‐CFC activity. A relative increase in VEGF transcripts at 1% O2 in presence of IL‐3 alone was enhanced by the addition of IL‐6. IL‐6 enhanced pre‐CFC activity at 1% O2 and this was correlated to the induction of VEGF. These data reinforce the concept that physiologically low oxygenation of bone marrow is a regulator of stem cell maintenance. Since the 20% O2 does not exist in tissues in vivo, further studies in vitro at lower O2 concentrations should revise our knowledge relating to cytokine effects on stem and progenitor cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 212: 68–75, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Endothelin induces functional hypertrophy of peritubular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Romano Francesca , Gambara Guido , De Cesaris Paola , Ziparo Elio , Palombi Fioretta , Filippini Antonio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWhen chronically stimulated with agonists of contraction, smooth muscle cells (SMCs) undergo cell hypertrophy, a process defined as increase in size and potentiation of the contractile phenotype in the absence of proliferation. Hypertrophic response has long been associated to a number of pathologies of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. We have investigated the phenotypic and functional response of SMCs to long‐term treatment with endothelin. Our model was primary cultures of peritubular smooth muscle cells (PSMC) a testicular cell type target of locally produced endothelin and characterized by an unusual phenotypic stability when cultured in simple medium in complete absence of serum. We report the following responses of PSMC to 4‐day exposure to ET‐1: (i) increased protein synthesis without induction of cell proliferation; (ii) increase in cell size (evaluated by means of flow cytometry) and increased expression of SM‐α‐actin, desmin, caldesmon and calponin, markers of the contractile phenotype. In experiments of selective stimulation of either ETA or ETB receptor subtypes, both proved to be involved in inducing the observed hypertrophic responses. The hypertrophic cells exhibit the ultrastructural features of differentiated SMCs and are capable of calcium mediated contractile response when acutely stimulated with ET‐1 specifically through ETA and/or ETB receptors, as evaluated by calcium imaging and scanning electron microscopy. These observations demonstrate that engagement of ET receptors is capable of inducing potentiation of the contractile phenotype and functional hypertrophy of PSMC. J. Cell. Physiol. 212: 264–273, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MnSOD mimic compounds can counteract mechanical stress and islet β cell apoptosis, although at appropriate concentration ranges
Authors: Pedullà Marcella , d'Aquino Riccardo , Desiderio Vincenzo , de Francesco Francesco , Puca Andrew , Papaccio Gianpaolo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPancreatic islets are commonly isolated for research and transplantation without taking into consideration that they undergo mechanical or chemical stress during this process. In order to counteract both types of injuries, the compound AEOL10150, a novel MnSOD mimic, was added during isolation of islet at concentrations ranging from 18 to 100 µM. Mechanical or chemical stress‐related pro‐apoptotic signals were then studied. We demonstrate that this MnSOD mimic diminishes the negative effects of mechanical stress by blocking insulin impairment, production of non‐specific islet β‐cell proteins, transcription of iNOS and FAS, activation of caspase‐3 and ‐9 and, ultimately, apoptosis. Moreover, the effects of the MnSOD mimic on isolated islets were greatly influenced by dosage: the best dose able to fully counteract mechanical stress was found to be 100 µM; doses ≥150 µM were themselves highly toxic for islet cells. On the other hand, rIL‐1β‐induced chemical stress is rather complex, and there was no protection in this scenario. Therefore, contrarily to what has been previously reported, MnSOD mimic administration is only capable of counteracting mechanical stress, and not cytokine‐induced cytotoxicity, and that this drug acts within a limited concentration range. J. Cell. Physiol. 212: 432–438, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Infection and direct injury in human hepatocyte explants and a hepatoblastoma cell line due to hepatiticomimetic (non‐hepatitis) viruses
Authors: Phromjai Jurairatana , Aiba Nobuyasu , Suzuki Mikiko , Sato Hitoshi , Takahara Terumi , Kondo Sachiko , Shiraki Kimiyasu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHepatitis is caused by hepatitis viruses, but hepatitis or hepatocellular enzyme abnormalities is sometimes associated with infection by the hepatiticomimetic viruses. The direct and indirect effects of infection with hepatiticomimetic viruses were examined in two human hepatocyte systems. Poliovirus, adenovirus, and herpes simplex virus (HSV) induced cytopathology in Hep G2 cells. Measles virus caused no change in hepatocytes. Poliovirus infection did not affect cellular protein synthesis, and the peak of hepatocellular enzyme release coincided with the peak of virus release. The increase in adenovirus protein synthesis correlated with the decrease of transferrin synthesis, and enzyme release was not prominent. HSV induced viral protein synthesis with enhanced processing and inhibition of synthesis of α1‐antitrypsin. The peak of enzyme release was later than the peak of virus release. In primary hepatocytes, poliovirus, adenovirus, and induced extensive cytopathology and enzyme release, and VZV caused cytopathology and significant but minute enzyme release. The ratio of lactate dehydrogenase to aspartate aminotransferase release was larger in poliovirus infection in both hepatocytes than in HSV or VZV infection. Although poliovirus and adenovirus are released by cytolysis and HSV and VZV are secreted by exocytosis of cytoplasmic vacuoles, enzyme release was independent of the type of virus release. Adenovirus showed strong cytotoxicity but did not modify the membrane nor cause enzyme release. Enzyme release was associated with modification of the surface membrane due to apoptosis with poliovirus and necrosis with HSV. Consequently hepatocellular injury by viral infection did not reflect the amount or pattern of hepatocellular enzyme release. J. Med. Virol. 79:413–425, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
HPV16 E6 variants and HLA class II polymorphism among Chinese women with cervical cancer
Authors: Wu Yuping , Liu Benrong , Lin Wenzhi , Xu Yunping , Li Longyu , Zhang Yanling , Chen Shangwu , Xu Anlong 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInfection with human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) confers a high risk for the development of cervical cancer. Variants of this virus may interact differentially with host genetic factors, possibly affecting the disease pathogenesis. This study was designed to investigate the association between HPV16 E6 variants and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphism within a Chinese population. Peripheral blood from HPV16 positive Chinese women with cervical carcinoma, who had previously been tested for HPV16 E6 variants, was used for HLA class II typing. It was found that there was a significant positive association between DQB1*060101 allele and HPV16 As variant‐positive cervical cancers (OR, 4.47; Pc = 0.0018). A negative relationship was found between DRB1*150101‐DQB1*0602 haplotype and decreased risk for HPV16 As variant‐positive cervical cancers (OR = 0.31; P = 0.037). Similar tendency was observed for the haplotype DRB1*070101‐DQB1*0201 with HPV16 As variant‐positive cervical cancers (OR = 0.16, P = 0.024). Additionally, as for the HPV16 E6 prototype‐positive cervical cancers, a significant positive association was found in DQB1*060101 allele (OR = 5.95; P = 0.002; Pc = 0.036), and similar trends were observed for DQB1*030201 (OR = 10.87, P < 0.0001; Pc = 0.0018), and DPB1*1301(OR = 7.40, P = 0.002; Pc = 0.04). It was found that there was no significant association between DRB1‐DQB1 haplotype and HPV16 prototype‐positive cervical cancers. These data indicate that host genetic factors, such as HLA polymorphism, may determine the potential oncogenicity of the HPV16 E6 variant. The results suggest that a specific match between E6 variant proteins and HLA class II alleles may contribute to HPV16‐related cervical carcinogenesis in a certain Chinese population. J. Med. Virol. 79:439–446, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of hepatitis B virus subgenotypes in patients with acute and chronic hepatitis B and absence of lamivudine‐resistant strains in acute hepatitis B in Japan
Authors: Hayashi Kazuhiko , Katano Yoshiaki , Takeda Yasushi , Honda Takashi , Ishigami Masatoshi , Itoh Akihiro , Hirooka Yoshiki , Nakano Isao , Yano Motoyoshi , Goto Hidemi , Yoshioka Kentaro , Toyoda Hidenori , Kumada Takashi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) has been classified into eight genotypes and can be further divided into several subgenotypes that have different geographic distributions. Because of increased human migration, the prevalence of rare subgenotypes is increasing in Japanese patients with acute hepatitis B. Lamivudine‐resistant strains of HBV have begun to emerge in association with chronic hepatitis B. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of HBV subgenotypes and lamivudine‐resistant strains in patients in Japan with acute hepatitis B. One hundred twenty‐three patients with acute hepatitis B and 123 with chronic hepatitis B were studied. HBV subgenotypes and lamivudine‐resistance mutations were determined by direct sequencing of the preS and polymerase region, respectively. HBV subgenotypes Aa (n = 3), Ae (n = 23), Ba (n = 7), Bj (n = 3), Cs (n = 7), Ce (n = 76), D (n = 2), and H (n = 2) were detected in patients with acute hepatitis. In patients with chronic hepatitis, HBV subgenotypes Ae (n = 4), Ba (n = 1), Bj (n = 18), and Ce (n = 100) were found. Non‐common Japanese subgenotypes, that is, non‐Bj and non‐Ce, were detected more frequently in patients with acute hepatitis (35.8%) than in patients with chronic hepatitis (4.1%) (Odds ratio, 0.076; 95%CI, 0.029–0.200; P < 0.0001). Lamivudine‐resistance mutations were detected in chronic hepatitis patients with breakthrough hepatitis but not in other patients. In conclusion, the prevalence of uncommon Japanese HBV subgenotypes is expected to increase, although lamivudine‐resistant strains have not yet been found in patients with acute hepatitis B. J. Med. Virol. 79:366–373, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Human parechovirus 1 infections in young children—no association with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Tauriainen Sisko , Martiskainen Mika , Oikarinen Sami , Lönnrot Maria , Viskari Hanna , Ilonen Jorma , Simell Olli , Knip Mikael , Hyöty Heikki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe epidemiology, transmission and clinical symptoms of human parechoviruses [HPeV, classified earlier as enteroviruses; echovirus 22 (HPeV1) and echovirus 23 (HPeV2)] remain poorly characterized. Enteroviruses and one parechovirus species, the Ljungan virus, have been associated with type 1 diabetes in humans and rodents. The occurrence of human parechovirus 1 (HPeV1) infections in young children and their possible association with type 1 diabetes was evaluated. The prospective birth cohort study comprised 221 Finnish children carrying genetic type 1 diabetes susceptibility and who were observed from birth. Thirty‐four children developed multiple diabetes‐associated autoantibodies, and 18 children progressed to clinical type 1 diabetes during the follow‐up. HPeV1 infections were diagnosed by measuring neutralizing antibodies from the follow‐up sera taken every 3–12 months. In addition, viral RNA was analysed by RT‐PCR from stool samples taken every month from six of the participants. HPeV1 infections were found to occur early in childhood. The median age of infection was 18 months and 20% of the children had had an infection by the age of 1 year. The number of infections started to increase from the age of 6 months and most children had their first infection by 36 months. Nearly all (99%) mothers were HPeV1 antibody positive. No difference was found in infection frequency between boys and girls, nor between prediabetic, diabetic and control subjects. Most infections (87%) occurred during autumn, winter and spring. J. Med. Virol. 79:457–462, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in carcinoma of the bladder: A clinical study
Authors: Boctor Z. N. , El‐Hilali M. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme changes were studied in tissue specimens from patients with transitional cell cancer of the bladder. The ratio of LDH‐V/I was determined in each specimen and compared to the histological grade of malignancy. The LDH‐V/I ratio was found to be less than 1 in grades I and II and higher than 1 in grades III and IV, with an apparent higher value the higher the grade of malignancy. The significance of these elevated values and the possibility of future clinical applications are discussed.
Cytoxan as an adjuvant to surgery for lung cancer
Authors: Higgins George A. , Humphrey Edward W. , Hughes Felix A. , Keehn Robert J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA cooperative clinical trial by 25 Veterans Administration Hospitals to study the possible benefits of administering cytoxan in conjunction with surgical resection for bronchogenic carcinoma is reported. A total of 1008 patients in whom the diagnosis was established only at the time of operation by frozen section and who had surgical excision of the tumor were randomized into the study. Those patients randomized into the treatment group received 6 mg/kg body weight of cytoxan administered into the pleural cavity at the close of operation and the same dosage intravenously on postoperative days 1, 2, 3, and 4. A second course of drug was given in the fifth postoperative week and consisted of 8 mg/kg body weight of cytoxan given intravenously on five successive days. Reported complications and evidence of toxicity, although slightly higher in the treated group of patients, resulted in no significant increase in mortality at either the 30‐day or 90‐day postoperative period. Long‐term survival studies showed no improvement in patients receiving the drug. Even in those patients who received the two full courses of drug as prescribed by the protocol no treatment benefit was apparent. Extensive analysis of the data to detect any possible factors such as cell type or lymph node involvement which may have been influenced by the administration of drug remains to be done. The use of cytoxan in conjunction with surgical excision for lung cancer produces no improvement in long‐term survival when employed in the dosage regimen employed in this study.
The effect of PCO (yeast respiratory stimulator) on treated and untreated dog renal allografts
Authors: Murphy G. P. , Mirand E. A. , Williams P. D. , Gaeta J. F. , Groenewald J. H. , Kenny G. M. , Grace J. T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractProcytoxide (PCO), a yeast respiratory stimulating extract, improves, on a dose‐related basis, the survival rate in azathioprine (Imuran) treated mongrel dog renal allografts. This effect is associated with a significant and sustained decrease in total lymphocyte counts and increased lymphoid depletion apparent in bone marrow aspirates. PCO treatment alone, while decreasing total lymphocyte levels post‐operatively in renal allografted dogs, fails to increase survival rates or apparently modify the rejection process in the renal allograft. PCO treatment does not reduce serum folate levels, and it is not an antifolate agent. PCO fails to improve to a significant degree renal allograft survival in pretreated animals or animals sensitized by prior skin grafting before renal transplantation. Thus, PCO in part protects the bone marrow and kidney from unmonitored but toxic effects of azathioprine (Imuran).
Immunologic considerations of fetal survival in mice
Authors: Butsch David W. , Meeker William R. , Grace James T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractStudies were done on the effects on pregnancy in DBA/2 mice of sensitization prior to pregnancy with certain tissue antigens. Tissues used were paternal testes, spleen and kidney, weanling offspring spleen and kidney, placenta, and embryo. With the exception of the mice receiving placental inoculations, the DBA/2 females did not demonstrate any altered rate of pregnancy, size of litter, or viability of offspring. Female mice receiving placental inoculations showed a slightly decreased rate of pregnancy, although this was not statistically significant. Histological examination of placentas and implantation sites from sensitized mice sacrificed during the second trimester of pregnancy revealed no evidence of immune rejection phenomena. Examination of lung tissue from term pregnant DBA/2 females failed to reveal the presence of trophoblastic emboli and suggests that a strict anatomical separation of mother and fetus occurs in the mouse. Full‐thickness allografts to pregnant DBA/2 female mice showed a very slightly accelerated rate of rejection in those animals bearing fetuses with a genetic background similar to the donor of the graft. This slightly accelerated rate of skin graft rejection suggests that paternal antigens present in the conceptus can elicit a detectable immune response in the mother under certain conditions.
Chromosomes of adenocarcinoma of the cervix uteri with a ring and a minute marker chromosome
Authors: Salimi Rahmatullah , Jones Howard W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe chromosomes of an adenocarcinoma of the cervix uteri were studied by a direct squash method. A modal number of about 40 chromosomes was obtained from the differentiated portion of the tumor. A ring chromosome and a minute chromosome were seen in 58% of the hypodiploid cells. The undifferentiated portion of the tumor produced no satisfactory chromosomes for analysis.
Erythropoietin release in hypophysectomized, adrenalectomized man
Authors: Mirand E. A. , Kenny G. M. , Schoonees R. , Reynoso G. R. , Murphy G. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractErythropoietin (ESF) levels were assayed in 19 female and male patients with intact kidneys with pituitary tumors or following open hypophysectomy or combined hypophysectomy and adrenalectomy for disseminated tumor states. Saline‐injected control mice had 0.38 ± 0.04% Fe59 uptake (ESF). Hypophysectomized, adrenalectomized, castrated females had 2.96 ± 1.24% Fe59 uptake (ESF) with an average peripheral hematocrit of 29.2 vol %. Hypophysectomized, castrated males had 1.59 ± 0.30% Fe59 uptake (ESF) with an average peripheral hematocrit of 30.1 vol %. Thus, absence of the adrenals or functioning anterior pituitary gland does not prevent increased ESF activity. The presence of a pituitary tumor is also not consistently associated with increased ESF activity or release. The role of these endocrine organs in the regulation of ESF release in these states is therefore not essential but more likely represents a normal synergistic mechanism. Elevation of peripheral ESF levels is associated with improvement of anemia after hypophysectomy and may be an additional objective criterion and prognostic indicator of beneficial patient response to hypophysectomy in certain tumor states.