bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Japanese phase II study of 90Y‐ibritumomab tiuxetan in patients with relapsed or refractory indolent B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Tobinai Kensei , Watanabe Takashi , Ogura Michinori , Morishima Yasuo , Hotta Tomomitsu , Ishizawa Kenichi , Itoh Kuniaki , Okamoto Shin‐ichiro , Taniwaki Masafumi , Tsukamoto Norifumi , Okumura Hirokazu , Terauchi Takashi , Nawano Shigeru , Matsusako Masaki , Matsuno Yoshihiro , Nakamura Shigeo , Mori Shigeo , Ohashi Yasuo , Hayashi Masaki , Endo Keigo 
Published: January 2009

There is no data about the efficacy and safety of radioimmunotherapy with 90Y‐ibritumomab tiuxetan in patients with relapsed or refractory indolent B‐cell lymphoma pretreated with rituximab‐containing chemotherapy. We focused on this in a Japanese phase II study. Radioimmunotherapy with 90Y‐ibritumomab tiuxetan (11.1 and 14.8 MBq) was evaluated in patients with 100–149 × 109 and >150 × 109 platelets/L, respectively. The primary endpoint was the overall response rate. Forty patients were treated with 90Y‐ibritumomab tiuxetan (18 with 11.1 MBq/kg and 22 with 14.8 MBq/kg). Thirty‐five patients (88%) had been pretreated with rituximab, including 27 (68%) pretreated with rituximab‐containing chemotherapy. The overall response rate was 83% (33/40; 95% confidence interval, 67–93%), and the complete response rate was 68% (27/40; 95% confidence interval, 51–81%). The overall response rates in patients pretreated with rituximab‐containing chemotherapy and rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R‐CHOP) were 83% (19/23) and 94% (17/18), respectively. The median progression‐free survival time of the 40 patients who received 90Y‐ibritumomab tiuxetan was 9.6 months. Toxicity was primarily hematological and mostly transient. No grade 4 non‐hematological toxicity was observed. In conclusion, radioimmunotherapy with 90Y‐ibritumomab tiuxetan is safe and highly effective in patients with relapsed or refractory indolent B‐cell lymphoma, including those pretreated with rituximab‐containing chemotherapy. (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00220285) (Cancer Sci 2009; 100: 158–164)
Role of iron in carcinogenesis: Cancer as a ferrotoxic disease
Authors: Toyokuni Shinya 
Published: January 2009

Iron is abundant universally. During the evolutionary processes, humans have selected iron as a carrier of oxygen inside the body. However, iron works as a double‐edged sword, and its excess is a risk for cancer, presumably via generation of reactive oxygen species. Thus far, pathological conditions such as hemochromatosis, chronic viral hepatitis B and C, exposure to asbestos fibers, as well as endometriosis have been recognized as iron overload‐associated risks for human cancer. Indeed, iron is carcinogenic in animal experiments. These reports unexpectedly revealed that there are target genes in iron‐induced carcinogenesis and that iron‐catalyzed oxidative DNA damage is not random in vivo. Several iron transporters and hepcidin, a peptide hormone regulating iron metabolism, were discovered in the past decade. Furthermore, a recent epidemiological study reported that iron reduction by phlebotomy decreased cancer risk in the apparently normal population. These results warrant reconsideration of the role of iron in carcinogenesis and suggest that fine control of body iron stores would be a wise strategy for cancer prevention. (Cancer Sci 2009; 100: 9–16)
Inverse correlation of the up‐regulation of FZD10 expression and the activation of β‐catenin in synchronous colorectal tumors
Authors: Nagayama Satoshi , Yamada Eiji , Kohno Yoshiki , Aoyama Tomoki , Fukukawa Chikako , Kubo Hajime , Watanabe Go , Katagiri Toyomasa , Nakamura Yusuke , Sakai Yoshiharu , Toguchida Junya 
Published: January 2009

We investigated the immunohistochemical expression patterns of Frizzled homolog 10 (FZD10), a cell‐surface receptor for molecules in the Wnt pathway, in tissue samples derived from 104 patients with colorectal cancers (CRCs). There was no immunoreactivity for FZD10 in normal colonic mucosa, and only tumor cells in polyps and CRC tissues showed spotted immunostaining patterns in apical sides of the cytoplasm. In metastatic liver lesions, tumor cells showed cytoplasmic immunostaining similar to primary lesions, whereas normal liver parenchyma showed almost no immunostaining. Frequencies of FZD10‐immunopositive cells in tumor tissues were significantly higher in CRCs than those in polyps (3.3 ± 10.3%vs 20.5 ± 31.7%, P = 0.0016), and almost equivalent with those in metastatic liver lesions (33.2 ± 39.7%vs 26.4 ± 33.4%, P = 0.133). Analyses of paired samples (polyps and CRCs, or CRCs and metastatic liver lesions from the same patient) suggested that a subset of CRCs possessed intrinsic genetic mechanisms causing the evolution of FZD10‐positive clones during tumor progression, making FZD10 a promising candidate for molecular imaging and a target for therapy. To our surprise, cancer cells immunopositive for FZD10 showed significantly less nuclear accumulation of β‐catenin, compared to FZD10‐immunonegative cancer cells, and there was a strong inverse correlation between nuclear immunostaining scores for β‐catenin expression and expression patterns of FZD10 (P = 0.0002), suggesting that FZD10 has a distinct role from other FZDs in canonical Wnt signal transduction. (Cancer Sci 2009; 100: 405–412)
Involvement of molecular mimicry between human T‐cell leukemia virus type 1 gp46 and osteoprotegerin in induction of hypercalcemia
Authors: Sagara Yasuko , Inoue Yukiko , Sagara Yasuhiro , Kashiwagi Seizaburo 
Published: January 2009

Human T‐cell leukemia virus type‐1 (HTLV‐1) causes adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), frequently associated with hypercalcemia and bone destruction. A positive correlation between the appearance of an antibody recognizing the central region (Asp197 to Leu216) on Gp46, gp46‐197, and the severity of ATL has been demonstrated. In this study, five male Nihon Hakusyoku rabbits were immunized with a synthetic peptide corresponding to the gp46‐197 region to clarify its action and mechanism. Two of the rabbits showed piloerection, anorexia, and somnolence, and died soon after booster administration. The serum calcium level of the dead rabbits was significantly high, compared to those of surviving rabbits. Interestingly, amino acid sequences homologous with gp46‐197 were found in the carboxyl‐terminal half of osteoprotegerin (OPG), an osteoclast inhibitory factor. To confirm the effect of the gp46‐197 region on osteogenesis in vivo, the peptide was intraperitoneally administered to male Sprague‐Dawley rats. The administration of the gp46‐197 peptide resulted in a decrease of bone mineral density (BMD), a significant increase of serum calcium level, and inhibition of normal bone growth in both short‐ and long‐term experiments. In rats, femoral growth inhibition by the gp46‐197 peptide was restored by the coadministration of recombinant human OPG. Improvement by OPG in the adverse effect indicates that the central region of HTLV‐1 Gp46 acts as an antagonist for OPG and leads to hypercalcemia. (Cancer Sci 2009; 100: 490–496)
Progress towards the understanding and control of sugar beet rhizomania disease
Authors: MCGRANN GRAHAM R. D. , GRIMMER MICHAEL K. , MUTASA‐GÖTTGENS EFFIE S. , STEVENS MARK 
Published: January 2009

SUMMARYRhizomania is a soil‐borne disease that occurs throughout the major sugar beet growing regions of the world, causing severe yield losses in the absence of effective control measures. It is caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), which is transmitted by the obligate root‐infecting parasite Polymyxa betae. BNYVV has a multipartite RNA genome with all natural isolates containing four RNA species, although some isolates have a fifth RNA. The larger RNA1 and RNA2 contain the housekeeping genes of the virus and are always required for infection, whereas the smaller RNAs are involved in pathogenicity and vector transmission. RNA5‐containing isolates are restricted to Asia and some parts of Europe, and these isolates tend to be more aggressive. With no acceptable pesticides available to restrict the vector, the control of rhizomania is now achieved almost exclusively through the use of resistant cultivars. A single dominant resistance gene, Rz1, has been used to manage the disease worldwide in recent years, although this gene confers only partial resistance. More recently, new variants of BNYVV have evolved (both with and without RNA5) that are able to cause significant yield penalties on resistant cultivars. These isolates are not yet widespread, but their appearance has resulted in accelerated searches for new sources of resistance to both the virus and the vector. Combined virus and vector resistance, achieved either by conventional or transgenic breeding, offers the sugar beet industry a new approach in its continuing struggle against rhizomania.
TheMagnaporthe griseaclass VII chitin synthase is required for normal appressorial development and function
Authors: ODENBACH DOMINIK , THINES ECKHARD , ANKE HEIDRUN , FOSTER ANDREW J. 
Published: January 2009

SUMMARYThe plant pathogenic fungusMagnaporthe griseais able to enter its host via appressorium‐mediated penetration. Earlier investigations have shown that these infection structures are rich in the cell wall polysaccharide chitin. Previously, we have described how the transcription of a class VII chitin synthase‐encoding geneCHS7is completely dependent on the putative transcription factor Con7p during the germination of conidia, and howcon7−mutants are unable to form appressoria under any conditions tested. Because of the pleiotropic effects of thecon7−mutation, we examined the consequences of the targeted deletion ofCHS7. Thechs7−mutants generated were unable to form appressoria on artificial surfaces, except following the application of the exogenous inducers 1,16‐hexadecanediol and cyclic adenosine monophosphate. The appressoria formed had a reduced chitin content and were often found to be smaller and misshapen compared with the wild‐type.chs7−mutants were significantly reduced in their ability to enter rice plants, but growthin plantawas not affected. Reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated thatCHS7transcription was strongly induced on germination of spores, and a green fluorescent protein‐tagged Chs7p protein was found to be produced abundantly during infection‐related morphogenesis. Together, these data suggest that the class VII chitin synthase Chs7p ofM. griseais required for normal appressorium formation and function.
Histopathological and molecular features of persistent polyclonal B‐cell lymphocytosis (PPBL) with progressive splenomegaly
Authors: Del Giudice Ilaria , Pileri Stefano A. , Rossi Maura , Sabattini Elena , Campidelli Cristina , Starza Irene Della , De Propris Maria S. , Mancini Francesca , Perrone Maria P. , Gesuiti Paola , Armiento Daniele , Quattrocchi Luisa , Tafuri Agostino , Amendola Angela , Mauro Francesca R. , Guarini Anna , Foà Robin 
Published: January 2009

SummaryFive cases of persistent polyclonal B‐cell lymphocytosis (PPBL) with progressive splenomegaly are reported; three were splenectomized. BCL2/IGH rearrangements were found in three cases; HLA‐DRB1*07 in all. Bone marrow (BM) trephines showed a moderate lymphoid infiltrate with intrasinusoidal distribution resembling a splenic marginal‐zone lymphoma. Splenic white pulp revealed an enlargement of the marginal‐zone area; red pulp was infiltrated by the same lymphocytes engulfing the sinuses. Splenic and BM B‐lymphocytes were CD79a+/CD20+/IgM+/IgD+/bcl‐2+/CD27+/DBA.44−/CD31− and polyclonal by immunophenotype/polymerase chain reaction. PPBL features an expansion of splenic marginal‐zone B‐lymphocytes, which infiltrate BM sinusoids and circulate in the blood with no evidence of clonality, even in cases with progressive splenomegaly.
Children's drawings as a self‐report measurement
Authors: Hamama Liat , Ronen Tammie 
Published: January 2009

ABSTRACTThe present exploratory paper addresses school‐aged children's assessments of treatment outcomes using drawing as a self‐report measure with usefulness for assessment and therapy. The process of using drawing in therapy can provide information on how a particular child perceives and conceives his or her own world. Examples are presented of drawings by three children with oppositional defiant disorder aged 10–11 years who participated in group intervention aiming to reduce aggressive behaviour. All three were asked to draw themselves twice on the same day at the end of treatment: (1) a retrospective drawing of themselves as they had been at the beginning of intervention; and (2) a drawing of themselves as they were now, after intervention. Children then described what they had drawn, revealing the change they perceived. Drawing as a self‐report measure added information regarding: the child's ability for self‐awareness; the link between thoughts, emotions and behaviours; and the process of change.
Regularized derivatives of potential fields and their role in semi‐automated interpretation methods
Authors: Pašteka R. , Richter F.P. , Karcol R. , Brazda K. , Hajach M. 
Published: January 2009

ABSTRACTEvaluation of higher derivatives (gradients) of potential fields plays an important role in geophysical interpretation (qualitative and/or quantitative), as has been demonstrated in many approaches and methods. On the other hand, numerical evaluation of higher derivatives is an unstable process – it has the tendency to enlarge the noise content in the original data (to degrade the signal‐to‐noise ratio). One way to stabilize higher derivative evaluation is the utilization of the Tikhonov regularization. In the submitted contribution we present the derivation of the regularized derivative filter in the Fourier domain as a minimization task by means of using the classical calculus of variations. A very important part of the presented approach is the selection of the optimum regularization parameter – we are using the analysis of the C‐norm function (constructed from the difference between two adjacent solutions, obtained for different values of regularization parameter). We show the influence of regularized derivatives on the properties of the classical 3D Euler deconvolution algorithm and apply it to high‐sensitivity magnetometry data obtained from an unexploded ordnance detection survey. The solution obtained with regularized derivatives gives better focused depth‐estimates, which are closer to the real position of sources (verified by excavation of unexploded projectiles).
The use of domination and legitimation in information systems implementation
Authors: Hussain Zahid I. , Cornelius Nelarine 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn this paper, we present the results of a longitudinal case study on information systems (IS) implementation conducted in a community healthcare organization. Using structuration theory as a sensitizing framework, we highlight how the information technology (IT) Management improved their influence through gaining legitimation from other organizational stakeholders, and how the nature of this evolved over time. Our results highlight how an appropriate, sophisticated use of what Giddens refers to as the duality of structure contributed to the consolidation of the IT Manager's credibility and authority. We also report on how the IT Management had most of their actions legitimated as an integral element of their actions. The results also highlight the distributed nature of power, such that even those at the lower end of organizational hierarchy were able to influence the success or failure of IS implementation.
Holliday junction formation by the Borrelia burgdorferi telomere resolvase, ResT: implications for the origin of genome linearity
Authors: Kobryn Kerri , Briffotaux Julien , Karpov Victor 
Published: January 2009

SummarySpirochetes of the genus Borrelia include the causative agents of Lyme disease and relapsing fever. They possess unusual, highly segmented genomes composed mostly of linear replicons with covalently closed hairpin telomeres. The telomeres are formed from inverted repeat replicated telomere junctions (rTels) by the telomere resolvase, ResT. ResT uses a reaction mechanism with similarities to that employed by the type IB topoisomerases and tyrosine recombinases. Here, we report that the relationship of ResT to the tyrosine recombinases extends to the ability to synapse‐replicated telomeres and to catalyse the formation of a Holliday junction. We also report that ResT can use asymmetrized substrates that mimic the properties of a recombination site for a tyrosine recombinase, to form Holliday junctions. We propose a model for how this explains the origin of genome linearity in the genus Borrelia.
The control of shoot branching: an example of plant information processing
Authors: LEYSER OTTOLINE 
Published: January 2009

ABSTRACTThroughout their life cycle, plants adjust their body plan to suit the environmental conditions in which they are growing. A good example of this is in the regulation of shoot branching. Axillary meristems laid down in each leaf formed from the primary shoot apical meristem can remain dormant, or activate to produce a branch. The decision whether to activate an axillary meristem involves the assessment of a wide range of external environmental, internal physiological and developmental factors. Much of this information is conveyed to the axillary meristem via a network of interacting hormonal signals that can integrate inputs from diverse sources, combining multiple local signals to generate a rich source of systemically transmitted information. Local interpretation of the information provides another layer of control, ensuring that appropriate decisions are made. Rapid progress in molecular biology is uncovering the component parts of this signalling network, and combining this with physiological studies and mathematical modelling will allow the operation of the system to be better understood.
Physiology and proteomics of the water‐deficit stress response in three contrasting peanut genotypes
Authors: KOTTAPALLI KAMESWARA RAO , RAKWAL RANDEEP , SHIBATO JUNKO , BUROW GLORIA , TISSUE DAVID , BURKE JOHN , PUPPALA NAVEEN , BUROW MARK , PAYTON PAXTON 
Published: January 2009

ABSTRACTPeanut genotypes from the US mini‐core collection were analysed for changes in leaf proteins during reproductive stage growth under water‐deficit stress. One‐ and two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis (1‐ and 2‐DGE) was performed on soluble protein extracts of selected tolerant and susceptible genotypes. A total of 102 protein bands/spots were analysed by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization–time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI–TOF MS) and by quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (Q‐TOF MS/MS) analysis. Forty‐nine non‐redundant proteins were identified, implicating a variety of stress response mechanisms in peanut. Lipoxygenase and 1l‐myo‐inositol‐1‐phosphate synthase, which aid in inter‐ and intracellular stress signalling, were more abundant in tolerant genotypes under water‐deficit stress. Acetyl‐CoA carboxylase, a key enzyme of lipid biosynthesis, increased in relative abundance along with a corresponding increase in epicuticular wax content in the tolerant genotype, suggesting an additional mechanism for water conservation and stress tolerance. Additionally, there was a marked decrease in the abundance of several photosynthetic proteins in the tolerant genotype, along with a concomitant decrease in net photosynthesis in response to water‐deficit stress. Differential regulation of leaf proteins involved in a variety of cellular functions (e.g. cell wall strengthening, signal transduction, energy metabolism, cellular detoxification and gene regulation) indicates that these molecules could affect the molecular mechanism of water‐deficit stress tolerance in peanut.
The allergic sensitization in infants with atopic eczema from different countries
Authors: De Benedictis F. M. , Franceschini F. , Hill D. , Naspitz C. , Simons F. E. R. , Wahn U. , Warner J. O. , De Longueville M. ,   on behalf of the EPAAC Study Group
Published: January 2009

Background:  No study has compared allergic sensitization patterns in infants with atopic eczema from different countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the patterns of allergic sensitization in a cohort of infants with atopic eczema participating in a multicentre, international study.Methods:  Two thousand one hundred and eighty‐four infants (mean age 17.6 months) with atopic eczema from allergic families were screened in 94 centres in 12 countries to participate in a randomized trial for the early prevention of asthma. Clinical history, Severity Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis Index, measurements for total serum IgE and specific IgE antibodies to eight food and inhalant allergens were entered into a database before randomization to treatment. A history of type of feeding in the first weeks of life and exposure to animals was recorded.Results:  A total of 52.9% of the infants had raised total IgE, and 55.5% were sensitized to at least one allergen. There was a wide difference in the total IgE values and in the sensitization rates to foods and aeroallergens among infants from different countries. The highest prevalence rates of allergen‐sensitized infants were found in Australia (83%), the UK (79%) and Italy (76%). Infants from Belgium and Poland consistently had the lowest sensitization rates. In each country, a characteristic pattern of sensitization was found for aeroallergens (house dust mite > cat > grass pollen > Alternaria), but not for food allergens.Conclusions:  In infants with atopic eczema, there is a wide variation in the pattern of allergic sensitization between countries, and data from one country are not necessarily generalizable to other countries.
Benzylpenicillin skin testing is still important in diagnosing immediate hypersensitivity reactions to penicillins
Authors: Romano A. , Bousquet‐Rouanet L. , Viola M. , Gaeta F. , Demoly P. , Bousquet P.‐J. 
Published: January 2009

Background: The fact that both Hollister‐Stier and Allergopharma ceased the production of penicilloyl‐polylysine (PPL) and minor determinant mixture (MDM) in 2004 is severely hampering the diagnosis of β‐lactam hypersensitivity and may produce negative consequences.Objective: To assess the contribution of skin testing with benzylpenicillin to the diagnosis of immunoglobulin E‐mediated hypersensitivity to penicillins, in order to determine how much such testing could compensate for PPL and MDM unavailability.Methods: We selected patients with histories of immediate reactions to penicillins and positive results to skin tests for one or more penicillin reagents (PPL, MDM, or benzylpenicillin), one or more semi‐synthetic penicillins (ampicillin, amoxicillin, or piperacillin), or both.Results: A total of 300 patients were selected, 105 in the French center and 195 in the Italian centers. Amoxicillin and ampicillin were the main responsible drugs. The most common clinical manifestation was anaphylaxis. The reagents most frequently positive to skin tests were amoxicillin (188, 62.7%), ampicillin (151, 50.3%), and benzylpenicillin (111, 37.0%). Among the 300 subjects, 113 (37.7%) were positive only to semi‐synthetic penicillins, 109 (36.3%) to both semi‐synthetic penicillins and the classic penicillin reagents, and 78 (26.0%) only to the latter. In the last group, 64 (21.3% of the 300 subjects) were positive only to PPL and/or MDM and 14 (4.7%) to benzylpenicillin, of whom 8 (2.7%) were positive only to the latter.Conclusions: Skin testing with benzylpenicillin can partially compensate for PPL and MDM unavailability. Moreover, it can slightly increase the allergologic workup’s sensitivity and therefore reduce the number of potentially dangerous challenges.