bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical Pedagogy in North American Food Systems Planning: Looking Back to Look Ahead
Authors: Mendes Wendy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this chapter is to revisit, and build upon, themes that emerged from a 2011 article on food systems pedagogy in the discipline of planning (Mendes & Nasr). The chapter begins with an overview of findings that emerged from the 2011 article. This is followed by a consideration of how the literature on food systems pedagogy in planning and related disciplines is evolving, and what has held true in the intervening years. Four themes are identified from the literature since 2011: interdisciplinarity, social justice and ethics, community-university research partnerships, and systems thinking. The themes are intended to serve as signposts to signal a bridge between early concerns of food system planning educators, and the new or additional skills and capacities that may be needed to prepare future food systems planners and community leaders.
Introduction: Social Accountability and Civic Innovation in the Arab World
Authors: Vloeberghs Ward , Bergh Sylvia I. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Middle East and North Africa region has been absent form stocktaking exercises on social accountability initiatives (SAI), an umbrella term to designate citizen-led tools aimed at socio-political change. We argue that this sidelining is unwarranted, given the proliferation of participatory governance initiatives, civic associations and popular mobilisation in Arab societies after 2011. Whereas the struggle for improved accountability in the Arab world remains under-researched, analysis of authoritarian regime tactics has proliferated. The fact is, however, that many Arab societies have experimented with mechanisms to apply political pressure on corrupt elites while international donors have launched diverse SAIs, including community score cards and participatory and gender-responsive budgeting initiatives. In this chapter, we first identify this double gap: not only has the literature on SAIs overlooked the MENA region but scholarship on the Middle East has largely failed to recognise initiatives launched across the region over the past decade as SAIs. Then, we aim to address the blind spot of Arab SAI’s as pathways towards improved governance. Finally, we present an overview of extant literature and introduce a set of four research questions to better understand what social accountability means for people on the ground. These questions focus on the various meanings of social accountability (musā’ala vs muhāsaba), its modes of mobilisation, the responses from authorities to such initiatives and their overall outcomes.
Wie sichern wir in Zukunft die Versorgung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit psychischen Erkrankungen?
Authors: Romanos Marcel , Berg Gundolf , Brauer Annegret , Jung Martin , Klein Marianne , Kölch Michael , Schepker Renate 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungKinder und Jugendliche mit psychischen Störungen weisen komplexe Bedarfe auf, die regelhaft Leistungen aus mehreren Sozialgesetzbüchern erforderlich machen und innerhalb der medizinischen Versorgung Leistungen aus verschiedenen Sektoren bedingen können. Die steigende Inanspruchnahme, die Zunahme der Schweregrade der Störungsbilder sowie der fachübergreifende Personalmangel belasten die Strukturen der interdisziplinären Versorgungsnetzwerke. Die Folge sind lange Wartezeiten, lange Wegstrecken und regionale Unterversorgung. Das Fachgebiet der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und -psychotherapie (KJPP) nimmt die zentrale und koordinative Rolle in der kooperativen Versorgung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit psychischen Erkrankungen ein. Die KJPP weist angesichts der zunehmenden Herausforderungen Reformbedarf auf, welcher sich von dem der somatischen Versorgungsstrukturen, aber ebenso von denen der Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie bzw. der Psychosomatik unterscheidet. Das vorliegende Diskussionspapier beschreibt die Besonderheiten der KJPP-Strukturen, die Reformbedarfe und Lösungsmöglichkeiten durch Abbau von Sektorengrenzen in der Patientenversorgung, in der Weiterbildung sowie im Personaleinsatz, durch Intensivierung der Vernetzung, durch stärkere Nutzung von Telemedizin sowie durch Aufbau evidenzbasierter Prävention und Früherkennung.
Task-irrelevant decorative pictures increase cognitive load during text processing but have no effects on learning or working memory performance: an EEG and eye-tracking study
Authors: Scharinger Christian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDecorative pictures (DP) are often used in multimedia task materials and are commonly considered so-called seductive details as they are commonly not task-relevant. Typically, DP result in mixed effects on behavioral performance measures. The current study focused on the effects of DP on the cognitive load during text reading and working memory task performance. The theta and alpha frequency band power of the electroencephalogram (EEG) and pupil dilation served as proxies of cognitive load. The number of fixations, mean fixation durations, and the number of transitions served as proxies of the attentional focus. For both, text reading and n-back working memory tasks, the presence and congruency of DP were manipulated in four task conditions. DP did neither affect behavioral performance nor subjective ratings of emotional–motivational factors. However, in both tasks, DP increased the cognitive load as revealed by the EEG alpha frequency band power and (at least to some extent) by subjective effort ratings. Notably, the EEG alpha frequency band power was a quite reliable and sensitive proxy of cognitive load. Analyzing the EEG data stimulus-locked and fixation-related, the EEG alpha frequency band power revealed a difference in global and local cognitive load. In sum, the current study underlines the feasibility and use of EEG for multimedia research, especially when combined with eye-tracking.
Die Geschichte der Psychosomatik in Österreich
Authors: Scheer Peter J. 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Psychosomatik entwickelte sich nach der Wiederentdeckung der Psychoanalyse in den siebziger Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts in Österreich langsam weiter. Leitfigur dieser Zeit war Erwin Ringel, Pionier der Suizidprävention und erster Ordinarius für Psychosomatik an der psychiatrischen Universitätsklinik in Wien. Die allgemeinverständliche Ausdrucksweise und Laienpublikationen machte die neue Denke populär. Erwin Ringel wollte die Psychosomatik als Prinzip jedes medizinischen Fachs und nicht als eine neue Fachrichtung installieren. So richtig sein Ansatz war, so sehr behinderte er die Entwicklung dieses Fachs, weil es lange keinen „Platz“ im Kanon der Sonderfächer fand. In der Pädiatrie richtete Hans Zimprich am Karolinen-Kinderspital in Wien eine psychosomatische Station ein: Junge, begeisterte Ärztinnen und Ärzte wurden psychosomatisch handelnde Pädiater. Das Team wurde von einer Psychoanalytikerin und einem Psychiater ergänzt. Wir machten erste Schritte, starteten mit Kindern, die an Enuresis nocturna litten, die damals mit Imipramin, einem trizyklischen Antidepressivum (Imipramin [Tofranil®] kann schon bei normaler Dosierung kardiotoxisch sein; 1980 wurde empfohlen, es bei der an sich harmlosen Störung Enuresis noct. hoch zu dosieren) mit hoher Toxizität und/oder mit Klingelmatratze versorgt wurden. Das war gefährlich und half nicht. Das für Österreich Neue, die psychodynamische Denkweise, eroberte viele Gebiete der Medizin und setzte Psychodynamik an die Stelle von klassischer Psychiatrie. Niederschwelligkeit und inmitten der klassischen Pädiatrie sein – das war der Traum.
A systematic review and research challenges on phishing cyberattacks from an electroencephalography and gaze-based perspective
Authors: Thomopoulos George A. , Lyras Dimitrios P. , Fidas Christos A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPhishing is one of the most important security threats in modern information systems causing different levels of damages to end-users and service providers such as financial and reputational losses. State-of-the-art anti-phishing research is highly fragmented and monolithic and does not address the problem from a pervasive computing perspective. In this survey, we aim to contribute to the existing literature by providing a systematic review of existing experimental phishing research that employs EEG and eye-tracking methods within multi-modal and multi-sensory interaction environments. The main research objective of this review is to examine articles that contain results of at least one EEG-based and/or eye-tracking-based experimental setup within a phishing context. The database search with specific search criteria yielded 651 articles from which, after the identification and the screening process, 42 articles were examined as per the execution of experiments using EEG or eye-tracking technologies in the context of phishing, resulting to a total of 18 distinct papers that were included in the analysis. This survey is approaching the subject across the following pillars: a) the experimental design practices with an emphasis on the applied EEG and eye-tracking acquisition protocols, b) the artificial intelligence and signal preprocessing techniques that were applied in those experiments, and finally, c) the phishing attack types examined. We also provide a roadmap for future research in the field by suggesting ideas on how to combine state-of-the-art gaze-based mechanisms with EEG technologies for advancing phishing research. This leads to a discussion on the best practices for designing EEG and gaze-based frameworks.
Muscle and joint mechanics during maximum force biting following total temporomandibular joint replacement surgery
Authors: Woodford Sarah C. , Robinson Dale L. , Abduo Jaafar , Lee Peter V. S. , Ackland David C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTotal temporomandibular joint replacement (TMJR) surgery is the established treatment for severe temporomandibular joint disorders. While TMJR surgery is known to increase mouth-opening capacity, reduce pain and improve quality of life, little is known about post-surgical jaw function during activities of daily living such as biting and chewing. The aim of this study was to use subject-specific 3D bite force measurements to evaluate the magnitude and direction of joint loading in unilateral total TMJR patients and compare these data to those in healthy control subjects. An optoelectronic tracking system was used to measure jaw kinematics while biting a rubber sample for 5 unilateral total TMJR patients and 8 controls. Finite element simulations driven by the measured kinematics were employed to calculate the resultant bite force generated when compressing the rubber between teeth during biting tasks. Subject-specific musculoskeletal models were subsequently used to calculate muscle and TMJ loading. Unilateral total TMJR patients generated a bite force of 249.6 ± 24.4 N and 164.2 ± 62.3 N when biting on the contralateral and ipsilateral molars, respectively. In contrast, controls generated a bite force of 317.1 ± 206.6 N. Unilateral total TMJR patients biting on the contralateral molars had a significantly higher lateral TMJ force direction (median difference: 63.6°, p = 0.028) and a significantly lower ratio of working TMJ force to bite force (median difference: 0.17, p = 0.049) than controls. Results of this study may guide TMJ prosthesis design and evaluation of dental implants.
Does ‘summative’ count? The influence of the awarding of study credits on feedback use and test-taking motivation in medical progress testing
Authors: van Wijk Elise V. , van Blankenstein Floris M. , Donkers Jeroen , Janse Roemer J. , Bustraan Jacqueline , Adelmeijer Liesbeth G. M. , Dubois Eline A. , Dekker Friedo W. , Langers Alexandra M. J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDespite the increasing implementation of formative assessment in medical education, its’ effect on learning behaviour remains questionable. This effect may depend on how students value formative, and summative assessments differently. Informed by Expectancy Value Theory, we compared test preparation, feedback use, and test-taking motivation of medical students who either took a purely formative progress test (formative PT-group) or a progress test that yielded study credits (summative PT-group). In a mixed-methods study design, we triangulated quantitative questionnaire data (n = 264), logging data of an online PT feedback system (n = 618), and qualitative interview data (n = 21) to compare feedback use, and test-taking motivation between the formative PT-group (n = 316), and the summative PT-group (n = 302). Self-reported, and actual feedback consultation was higher in the summative PT-group. Test preparation, and active feedback use were relatively low and similar in both groups. Both quantitative, and qualitative results showed that the motivation to prepare and consult feedback relates to how students value the assessment. In the interview data, a link could be made with goal orientation theory, as performance-oriented students perceived the formative PT as not important due to the lack of study credits. This led to low test-taking effort, and feedback consultation after the formative PT. In contrast, learning-oriented students valued the formative PT, and used it for self-study or self-assessment to gain feedback. Our results indicate that most students are less motivated to put effort in the test, and use feedback when there are no direct consequences. A supportive assessment environment that emphasizes recognition of the value of formative testing is required to motivate students to use feedback for learning.
Empirical Concepts: Their Meaning and its Emergence
Authors: Radder Hans 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article presents a detailed, novel account of the emergence of (the meaning of) empirical concepts. Acquiring experience and empirical concepts is shown to be the result of multifaceted, cognitive processes, which require both material realization and conceptual interpretation. Generally speaking, the meaning of empirical concepts consists of several distinct components, but it includes at least a structuring and an abstracting component. These two meaning components are abstract entities, which can be justifiably interpreted as real objects.On this basis, I address the subject of emergence. The primary claim is that the abstracting meaning component (but not the structuring one) emerges from its underlying empirical processes: it both depends on and transcends these processes. This claim is expounded by discussing relevant similarities and dissimilarities between the emergence of abstract meanings and a range of central features of emergence prominent in recent debates on this topic. The conception of empirical concepts with emergent abstracting meaning components involves an interpretation that avoids the problematic extremes of both empiricism and Platonism.
The (im)possibility of a term: ‘Pasmanda’, the (non-)addressability of the state, and the ghettoization of communication
Authors: Ohm Britta 
Published: March 2024

Abstract‘Pasmanda’ is arguably the most explosive term that the more recent anti-caste discourse in India has produced. It is assembled from the Persian words pas (‘back’) and manda (‘left behind’), thus describing somebody ‘at the back’ (of society), who ‘has been left behind’. Like ‘Dalit’, ‘Pasmanda’ is essentially a political term, which means that it only comes into being and develops significance if people decide to acquire it and to identify themselves as different and as discriminated—in this case as lower-caste and ‘Dalit Muslims’. ‘Pasmanda’ is hence intrinsically reliant on being communicated and mediated so as to enable its acceptance among the signified and to normalise the creation of a respective reality through a newly collectivising identity. This essay approaches ‘Pasmanda’ as ‘a term to think with’, in tracing the very possibility, among deprived and discriminated groups, to openly communicate, negotiate, and mediate this identity that challenges claims of religious (comm)unity and demands for national loyalty. This possibility varies greatly even across north India. As I examine ‘Pasmanda’ through three different local prisms, the term thus also becomes a dialectical index for the political conditions of its realisation: the conditions of its emergence and, however increasingly precarious, its thriving (in the state of Bihar) as much as the conditions for its suppression (in the capital Delhi) and even of its complete absence (in the state of Gujarat)—i.e. of the conditions that render Pasmandas non-existent. A different form of regional comparison thus emerges.
Context Matters: Factors that Influence Storytime Providers’ Knowledge, Beliefs, and Self-Efficacy
Authors: Perkins Roseanne M. , Sawyer Brook E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUnderstanding how to successfully train storytime providers is crucial to the goal of offering high-quality early literacy programs in public library settings. As part of a larger study, nine early-career public library storytime providers were interviewed to learn what contextual factors are important to improve their knowledge, practice, and self-efficacy. Two major themes and several subthemes emerged from this analysis. The first theme centered on how participants learned and developed self-efficacy about early literacy practices. Four subthemes emerged: (a) impact of formal education and training, (b) influence of mentors and role-models, (c) developing practice through experimentation and mastery experiences, and (d) importance of feedback. The second theme centered around how the unique nature of public library storytime programs impacts the practice and self-efficacy of providers. Five subthemes emerged: (a) voluntary nature of storytime programming, (b) balance between education and entertainment, (c) whether the primary audience is children or caregivers, (d) concerns about how caregivers perceive communication, and (e) how the informal, mixed-age audience influences programming. Findings can be used to inform the content of future professional development interventions.
How U.S. Early Childhood Educators Understand Children’s Spirituality: A Framework of Essence, Origin, and Action
Authors: Mata-McMahon Jennifer , Haslip Michael J. , Hossain Shahin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study explores in-service early childhood educators’ understanding of children’s spirituality. Utilizing the recently validated instrument, Early Childhood Educators’ Spiritual Practices in the Classroom (ECE-SPC), responses to the question, “What do you understand children’s spirituality to be?” were analyzed. Participants included 318 educators working in secular educational settings with children ages zero to eight years across 36 U.S. states. Findings reveal a multilayered understanding of children’s spirituality. Through a grounded theory approach to data analysis using in-vivo codes in initial and axial coding, participants’ responses were organized in a response framework comprised of three main categories of understanding spirituality: (1) as Essence in itself (f 208), (2) as its place of Origin (f 122), and (3) as Actions in relation to others or as ways in which it is practiced (f 86). This framework contributes to constructing a shared understanding of children’s spirituality to build efforts toward promoting holistic development and intentionally nurturing the spiritual domain.
Circular Definitions of ‘Good’ and the Good of Circular Definitions
Authors: Garcia Andrés G. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractI defend the view that circular definitions can be useful and illuminating by focusing on the fitting-attitudes analysis of value. This definition states that an item has value if and only if it is a fitting target of attitudes. Good items are the fitting targets of positive attitudes, and bad items are the fitting targets of negative ones. I shall argue that a circular version of this definition, defended by Rabinowicz and Rønnow-Rasmussen (2006), is preferable to its non-circular counterpart and upholds reasonable standards of acceptability. The standards I will be discussing come from Humberstone (1997), who claims that definitions cannot be informative as long as they are inferentially circular.
Examining the Impact of Dramatization Simulation on Nursing Students’ Ethical Attitudes: A Mixed-Method Study
Authors: Ordu Yadigar , Yılmaz Sakine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis research investigated how dramatization simulation affected nursing students' ethical attitudes. Most nurses and nursing students encounter ethical issues in their healthcare practices. Students who receive an education in ethics are better equipped to solve ethical problems, develop ethical sensitivity, and adopt an ethical attitude. Dramatization simulation, which has recently been applied in nursing education, is said to be an effective teaching method. A mixed-method approach was employed in the research. The sample consisted of 60 students enrolled in the final year of the Nursing Department of the Faculty of Health Sciences at a State university. Students were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, the dramatization simulation method was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the training method. The data were collected using the Descriptive Characteristics Form, Ethical Principles Attitude Scale, and Semi-Structured Focus Group Interview Form. SPSS 22 software was used to analyze the quantitative data, and Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis and MAXQDA 2020 software were used to analyze the qualitative data. The post-test total score of the group ethical attitude scale for the students in the experimental group showed a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05). Additionally, the students in the experimental group's post-test Ethical Attitude Scale total score outperformed those in the control group statistically significantly (p < 0.05). The following themes were found: (1) perspectives on dramatization simulation and (2) perspectives on ethical attitude. To help nursing students develop ethical attitudes, we recommend using dramatization simulation as a teaching method. In addition, we recommend that this study be conducted in larger sample groups and on different topics. The recommendations were explored in more detail in the article.
An approach to understand the uranium’s concentration variance on the eastern and western sides of the Nile Valley phosphorites, Egypt
Authors: Negm Sameh H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Nile Valley is a main area for Egyptian phosphorites. The studied samples from the eastern and western sides of the Nile Valley showed similarities in their characteristics, suggesting one depositional basin, but they varied in their uranium content, with averages recorded at 91.7 and 44.83 ppm on the eastern and western sides, respectively. The evidence pointed out that initially the uranium was formed by adsorption onto the iron oxides and organic matter surfaces, then it was partially removed under the effect of groundwater, and the removal was deeper in the western phosphorites than the eastern ones.