bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computed Tomography-Based Body Composition is Related to Perioperative Morbidity in Older Lung Transplant Recipients
Authors: Kifjak Daria , Prosch Helmut , Schwarz Stefan , Jaksch Peter , Weber Michael , Hoetzenecker Konrad , Schweiger Thomas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background In older patients, a limited physical reserve is considered a contraindication for lung transplantation (LTx). Herein, we aimed to establish a computed tomography (CT)-based quantification of physical reserve in older patients scheduled for transplantation.
Methods This retrospective study included patients older than 60 years who received LTx. Semiautomatic measurements of the mediastinal fat area and the dorsal muscle group area in pretransplantation CT scans were performed, and normalized data were correlated with clinical parameters.
Results Patients (n = 108) were assigned into three groups (Musclehighfatlow [n = 25], Musclelowfathigh [n = 24], and other combinations [n = 59]). The Musclelowfathigh group had a significantly increased risk of wound infections (p = 0.002) and tracheostomy (p = 0.001) compared with Musclehighfatlow patients. The median length of intensive care unit stay (25 vs. 3.5 days; p = 0.002) and the median length of hospital stay (44 vs. 22.5 days; p = 0.013) post-LTx were significantly prolonged in the Musclelowfathigh group. Significantly more patients in this group had a prolonged ventilation time (11 vs. 0; p < 0.001).
Conclusion Body composition parameters determined in pretransplant chest CT scans in older LTx candidates might aid in identifying high-risk patients with a worse perioperative outcome after LTx.
Reconstructive Head and Neck Microsurgery in a High-Volume Cancer Center—Long-Term Impact of an Early Experience
Authors: Varghese Bipin T. , Thomas Shaji , Arora Sourabh , George Preethi , EM Iype , PG Balagopal , R. Aniraj , P. Vijayakumar , Simon Deepthi , Rao Amrita 
Published: April 2024

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate a 16-year-long outcome of an evolving practical approach to reconstructive microsurgery in a high volume, resource-constrained, head and neck cancer care setting.
Patients and Methods Seventy-three consecutive cases of free flap reconstruction done by the Head and Neck Surgical Oncology team of Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, from October 2004 to May 2020 were prospectively studied for flap viability, cosmesis, morbidity, and oncologic safety. The cases were selected based on their “emphatic” superiority to the conventional alternative as determined by two or more surgeons of the head and neck team or the recommendations of the head and neck tumor board.
Results With the long-term results, this article discusses and validates our strategy for controlled patient recruitment for reconstructive microsurgery to ensure the best resource utilization in a tertiary cancer care center.
Conclusions Adequate training and optimal application are the key factors determining success in microvascular reconstructive surgery in resource-constrained, high-volume cancer care facilities.
Prevalence and Associations of Co-occurrence of NFE2L2 Mutations and Chromosome 3q26 Amplification in Lung Cancer
Authors: Liu Jinfeng , Liu Sijie , Li Dan , Li Hongbin , Zhang Fan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background NFE2L2 (nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2) encodes a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor and exhibits variations in various tumor types, including lung cancer. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the impact of simultaneous mutations on the survival of NFE2L2-mutant lung cancer patients within specific subgroups.
Methods A cohort of 1,103 lung cancer patients was analyzed using hybridization capture-based next-generation sequencing.
Results The NFE2L2 gene had alterations in 3.0% (33/1,103) of lung cancer samples, including 1.5% (15/992) in adenocarcinoma and 16.2% (18/111) in squamous cell carcinoma. Thirty-four variations were found, mainly in exons 2 (27/34). New variations in exon 2 (p.D21H, p.V36_E45del, p.F37_E45del, p.R42P, p.E67Q, and p.L76_E78delinsQ) were identified. Some patients had copy number amplifications. Co-occurrence with TP53 (84.8%), CDKN2A (33.3%), KMT2B (33.3%), LRP1B (33.3%), and PIK3CA (27.3%) mutations was common. Variations of NFE2L2 displayed the tightest co-occurrence with IRF2, TERC, ATR, ZMAT3, and SOX2 (p < 0.001). In The Cancer Genome Atlas Pulmonary Squamous Carcinoma project, patients with NFE2L2 variations and 3q26 amplification had longer median survival (63.59 vs. 32.04 months, p = 0.0459) and better overall survival.
Conclusions NFE2L2 mutations display notable heterogeneity in lung cancer. The coexistence of NFE2L2 mutations and 3q26 amplification warrants in-depth exploration of their potential clinical implications and treatment approaches for affected patients.
Cuboid Bone for Distal Radius Reconstruction: An Anatomical Cadaver Study
Authors: Alvedro-Ruiz Pedro , Trapero-Ovejero Ana , Ferràs-Tarragó Joan , Pérez-García Alberto , Valverde-Navarro Alfonso , Thione Alessandro 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background The cuboid bone (CB) of the foot has been suggested as a potential source of autologous reconstruction of the distal radius (DR). This study sought to examine the feasibility of harvesting the CB as a vascularized bone transfer for DR reconstruction.
Purposes We evaluated the feasibility of a vascularized bone transfer of the CB by performing the flap dissection, analyzing its pedicle and demonstrating its perfusion using indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography.
Methods Ten feet from five fresh-frozen cadaver specimens were dissected. The lateral tarsal artery (LTA) mean diameter, length, and emerging point were described. The CB mean length and the mean length of the bone segment harvested were reported. ICG injection was used to demonstrate its blood supply.
Results The average length of the pedicle was 68.26 ± 3.12 mm. The mean diameter was 1.43 ± 0.15 mm. The CB had a mean anterior–posterior length of 40.81 ± 5.05 mm. The harvested bone had a mean length of 15.05 ± 2.03 mm. All CBs showed enhancement after ICG injection.
Conclusion The CB presented reasonable anatomical similarities with the DR and a long and consistent pedicle with an adequate blood supply observed during ICG injection.
Clinical Relevance This study supports the possibility of using the CB as a vascularized bone transfer for autologous reconstruction of the articular surface of the DR. Further study is warranted.
Thermodynamic properties of rhodium—A first principle study
Authors: Thakur Balaram , Gong Xuejun , Dal Corso Andrea 
Published: April 2024

The high-pressure and high-temperature thermodynamic properties of rhodium (up to 2000 K and 300 GPa) are presented using the first principle approach within the quasi-harmonic approximation. The thermal Helmholtz free energy includes the contribution of both phonon vibrations and electronic excitations. The performance of three popular exchange-correlation functionals—local density approximation [Perdew et al., Phys. Rev. B 23, 5048 (1981)], Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof generalized gradient approximation (PBE) [Perdew et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3865 (1996)], PBE modified for dense solids [Perdew et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 136406 (2008)] are shown. The simulated thermal expansion coefficient, isobaric heat capacity, mode-Grüneisen parameter, thermodynamic average Grüneisen parameter, and bulk modulus are compared with the available experimental and theoretical reports. The contribution of thermal electronic excitations to the obtained thermodynamic parameters is significant at low pressure and high temperatures, except in bulk modulus, where it is small. The pressure-dependent elastic constant coefficient (Cij) and the Debye temperature are computed at 0 K. The Pugh ratio calculated from Cij indicates that rhodium undergoes brittle to ductile transitions at an average pressure of 7.45 GPa.
Influence of reactive environment on the growth of graphene by CVD method
Authors: Selvakumar D. , Loganathan R. , Jayavel R. 
Published: April 2024

Scalable graphene was grown on commercially purchased Cu foil by using the chemical vapor deposition method with a growth temperature and time of 900 °C and 30 min, respectively. The growth mechanism was investigated in a different reactive environment (gas flow). The crystallinity of the surface absorbed chemical species was identified through x-ray diffraction analysis. The structural morphology was determined by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and optical microscopy. Raman spectroscopy revealed the formation of defects in graphene under growth conditions. The growth environments of C2H4 and C2H2 result in higher defects than the CH4 state.
Negotiating converso identities in the inquisition courtroom
Authors: Díaz-Vera Javier E. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the processes of identity construction and negotiation through face work in a Portuguese
Inquisition record, corresponding to the trial for Judaism of Catarina de Orta. Concentrating as much on the inquisitor’s
questions as on the answers offered by the defendant, I show here that impoliteness and self-politeness co-occur in interaction in
the Portuguese Inquisition courtroom discourse. On the one hand, the inquisitor makes abundant use of impoliteness strategies with
at least three main aims: to exert his power over the defendant, to trigger specific negative emotions, and to attack her face and
her credibility. On the other hand, the defendant’s answers display numerous features of self-politeness, aimed at saving her face
from the inquisitor’s attacks and accusations. It is precisely through the interplay of impoliteness and self-politeness that the
two competing narratives proposed by the accuser and the defendant are constructed and re-elaborated during every
interrogation.
Urban Parks and Acceptable Animal Bodies
Authors: Tully Paul 
Published: April 2024

Summary

Urban parks are critical spaces for outdoor leisure. As urban sprawl increases, these places are highly valued by humans as ways to experience enhanced wellbeing through recreational activities. This has been a primary purpose behind humans’ physical and social construction of urban parks over the last two centuries. Their importance and constructed nature mean they are highly ordered social spaces (Taylor,
1999
). As such, bodies, in terms of appearances and actions, are designated as either appropriate or not in urban parks. The homeless human body, for example, is socially positioned as deviating from suitable norms and, thus, a challenge that authorities try to deal with by removal (Rose,
2014
). As well as applying to humans, social norms around body desirability in urban parks relate to other species. In this case study, acceptable and unacceptable non-human animal bodies are considered.

The case interweaves a discussion with notes on legislation, rules, and visitor guidance (henceforth ‘management documents’) that govern urban parks within UK city council boundaries. Such regulatory techniques are significant in constructing norms that constitute park order (Taylor, 1999). How animals are positioned via these is indicative of their acceptability. The case considers how acceptance of animal bodies means urban parks are spaces of control and deviance. It does so by illustrating that human ideals of value and control are instrumental for animal body suitability.

Information
© CAB International 2024
Characterizing an effective magnetic field during asymmetric creep motion of Dzyaloshinskii domain walls
Authors: Jiang Lai , Sokalski Vincent 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Understanding the role of Landau Lifshitz Gilbert dynamics in describing magnetic domain wall (DW) motion in the creep regime is complicated by the presence of static pinning, but has regained interest due to recently observed directional growth in thin films with significant interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction. Here, we delve into this directional domain growth behaviour in Pt/Co/Ni-based multi-layers under the influence of combined longitudinal and perpendicular magnetic fields via magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy. Observations, including the onset field,

μ
0

H
onset

, where the growth direction reverses by 180 degrees, align with the transient steady-state model predictions. By systematically varying the applied perpendicular magnetic field, we estimate the strength of an effective perpendicular field that acts on the DW during creep movement, which was expectedly found to be much smaller than the applied external field itself. This work further adds to the complexity of asymmetric domain expansion in the creep regime, but also highlights the range of magnetic information that can be extracted from careful analysis of this behavior.
Investigation of O atom kinetics in O2 plasma and its afterglow
Authors: Albrechts Matthias , Tsonev Ivan , Bogaerts Annemie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We have developed a comprehensive kinetic model to study the O atom kinetics in an O2 plasma and its afterglow. By adopting a pseudo-1D plug-flow formalism within the kinetic model, our aim is to assess how far the O atoms travel in the plasma afterglow, evaluating its potential as a source of O atoms for post-plasma gas conversion applications. Since we could not find experimental data for pure O2 plasma at atmospheric pressure, we first validated our model at low pressure (1–10 Torr) where very good experimental data are available. Good agreement between our model and experiments was achieved for the reduced electric field, gas temperature and the densities of the dominant neutral species, i.e. O2(a), O2(b) and O. Subsequently, we confirmed that the chemistry set is consistent with thermodynamic equilibrium calculations at atmospheric pressure. Finally, we investigated the O atom densities in the O2 plasma and its afterglow, for which we considered a microwave O2 plasma torch, operating at a pressure between 0.1 and 1 atm, for a flow rate of 20 slm and an specific energy input of 1656 kJ mol−1. Our results show that for both pressure conditions, a high dissociation degree of ca. 92% is reached within the discharge. However, the O atoms travel much further in the plasma afterglow for p = 0.1 atm (9.7 cm) than for p = 1 atm (1.4 cm), attributed to the longer lifetime (3.8 ms at 0.1 atm vs 1.8 ms at 1 atm) resulting from slower three-body recombination kinetics, as well as a higher volumetric flow rate.
The tendency of V segregation in Pd/V(110) and Pd/V(100) surfaces induced by H adsorption
Authors: Palmero Marianne A , Shimizu Koji , Nakanishi Hiroshi , Watanabe Satoshi , Padama Allan Abraham B 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study employs density functional theory-based calculations to investigate the tendency of V atom segregation in Pd/V(100) and Pd/V(110) surfaces upon adsorption of H at varying coverage (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 ML). Geometric, energetic, and electronic structure analyses were performed to elucidate the stability of H on the surfaces, the V atoms segregation tendency, and the interactions of atoms in the systems. By calculating the relative energies, we found that Pd atoms will favor residing in the topmost layer of pristine Pd/V. Segregation of V atom in pristine Pd/V(100) is more endothermic than in Pd/V(110). For H-Pd/V systems, a tendency of V segregation was observed for 0.50–1.0 ML H coverage on Pd/V(110). V atom segregation was not predicted in H-Pd/V(100). Due to the more endothermic V atom segregation process in pristine (100) than in (110) facet, a larger energy is necessary to induce V segregation by H adsorption in (100). The adsorption energies, charge density difference distributions, and density of states revealed the stronger H-V interaction compared to H-Pd interaction. Hence, H adsorption stabilizes the V atoms in the topmost layers and could induce V segregation in the surface.
Dipole-dipole interactions in the presence of a topological insulator stratified sphere: dyadic Green’s function method
Authors: Xie Huai-Yi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Dyadic Green’s functions (DGFs) are developed for calculating electric fields induced by multiple sources in the presence of a topological insulator (TI) stratified sphere within the framework of axion electrodynamics. Generalizing our previous work, these sources can be placed at arbitrary locations rather than be limited outside the TI stratified sphere. Utilizing these DGFs, we explore the topological magneto-electric (TME) effect of the dipole–dipole interaction in the presence of composite structures of an alternating metal-TI stratified sphere, causing some modifications of the energy transfer (ET) enhancement spectrum. Furthermore, for the multipolar resonances of the metal shells, we find the TME-induced red-shifts of each bonding and antibonding mode in the ET enhancement spectrum are independent on the locations and orientations of the two dipoles but only depend on the configuration of these composite structures. These phenomenological findings provide some useful guidance with experimenters to design realistic experiments for exploring possible unique TME signatures via the energy transfer between molecules near/in TI multicoated nanoparticles in the near-infrared region.
Primordial Black hole formation from overlapping cosmological fluctuations
Authors: Escrivà Albert , Yoo Chul-Moon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We consider the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs), during the radiation-dominated
Universe, generated from the collapse of super-horizon curvature fluctuations that are overlapped
with others on larger scales. Using a set of different curvature profiles, we show that the
threshold for PBH formation (defined as the critical peak of the compaction function) can be
decreased by several percentages, thanks to the overlapping between two peaks in the profile of
the compaction function. In the opposite case, when the fluctuations are sufficiently decoupled
the threshold values behave as having the fluctuations isolated (isolated peaks). We find that the
analytical estimates of ref. [1] can be used accurately when applied to the
corresponding peak that is leading to the gravitational collapse. We also study in detail the
dynamics and estimate the final PBH mass for different initial configurations, showing that the
profile dependence has a significant effect on that.
Gravitational wave probe of primordial black hole origin via superradiance
Authors: Banerjee Indra Kumar , Dey Ujjal Kumar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this article we have used stochastic gravitational wave background as a unique probe to gain insight regarding the creation mechanism of primordial black holes. We have considered the cumulative gravitational wave background which consists of the primary part coming from the creation mechanism of the primordial black holes and the secondary part coming from the different mechanisms the primordial black holes go through. We have shown that in the presence of light or ultra light scalar bosons, superradiant instability generates the secondary part of the gravitational wave background which is the most detectable. In order to show the unique features of the cumulative background, we have consdiered the delayed vacuum decay during a first order phase transition as the origin of primordial black holes. We have shown the dependence of the features of the cumulative background, such as the mass of the relevant light scalars, peak frequencies, etc. on the transition parameters. We have also generated the cumulative background for a few benchmark cases to further illustrate our claim.
Induced gravitational waves and baryon asymmetry fluctuations from primordial black hole formation
Authors: Altavista Chiara , Rey Julián 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We consider black hole formation due to the gravitational collapse produced by large density fluctuations during an epoch of reheating with a stiff equation of state and calculate the induced gravitational wave spectrum. By considering the existing bounds on the total energy density of gravitational waves today, we find constraints on the parameter space of this scenario. We also calculate the lepton asymmetry generated by metric perturbations via the chiral gravitational anomaly present in the Standard Model and find that, once the electroweak sphaleron processes have taken place, the large spectrum of scalar perturbations responsible for black hole formation induces a peak in the baryon asymmetry fluctuations on small scales.
Light thermal self-interacting dark matter in the shadow of non-standard cosmology
Authors: Ho Shu-Yu , Ko Pyungwon , Nanda Dibyendu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we construct a viable model for a GeV scale self-interacting dark
matter (DM), where the DM was thermally produced in the early universe. Here, a new vector-like
fermion with a dark charge under the U(1)_D gauge symmetry serves as a
secluded WIMP DM and it can dominantly annihilate into the light dark gauge boson and singlet
scalar through the dark gauge interaction. Also, the self-interaction of DM is induced by the
light dark gauge boson via the same gauge interaction. In addition to these particles, we further
introduce two Weyl fermions and a doublet scalar, by which the dark gauge boson produced from
s-wave DM annihilations can mostly decay into active neutrinos after the dark symmetry
breaking such that the CMB bound on the DM with low masses can be eluded. In order to have a
common parameter region to explain the observed relic abundance and self-interaction of DM, we
also study this model in a non-standard cosmological evolution, where the cosmic expansion driven
by a new field species is faster than the standard radiation-dominated universe during the
freeze-out of DM. Reversely, one can also use the self-interacting nature of light thermal DM to
examine the non-standard cosmological history of the universe.
The CMOS Pseudo-Thyristor: a zero-static current discriminator circuit
Authors: Wen X. , Fu T. , Gong D. , Huang X. , Liu T. , Gui P. , Wu J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A very low power discriminator circuit for pixelized detectors, called the Pseudo-Thyristor is described in this document. It is a positive feedback topology using regular PMOS and NMOS field-effect transistors (FET's) with zero static current. When a small charge is injected into the circuit, it flips rapidly due to the positive feedback and outputs a logic transition for further digitization. Simulation shows that in a 65 nm process, it is possible to achieve a detecting threshold below 5 fC while maintain the average power consumption below 10 micro-Watts when the hit occupancy is <10% for 40 MHz operation.