bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategies for CO2 Laser Use in Laryngeal Microsurgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Landry Vivianne , Sedillot‐Daniel Ève , Ayad Tareck , Leclerc Andrée‐Anne 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe aim to systematically review the literature addressing perioperative practices for optimal use of the CO2 laser in laryngeal transoral laser microsurgery (TOLMS), with a focus on safety.Data SourcesA systematic review of publications indexed in Medline, Embase, and EBM reviews‐Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials which evaluated perioperative strategies for the use of CO2 laser in laryngeal TOLMS was conducted.Review MethodsRecords obtained from the search strategy were assessed for eligibility in a 2‐step process by 2 independent researchers using the Covidence software.ResultsAmong 2143 identified records, 103 were included in this study. The majority of studies (n = 25) focused on the use of the CO2 laser in oncologic resection, while 20 addressed the treatment of vocal cord paralysis, 16 discussed the treatment of pediatric or congenital pathologies, 11 detailed the management of benign lesions, and 31 studies tackled other surgical indications. Strategies for safe CO2 TOLMS were highly heterogeneous across studies and included preoperative measures (ie, related to the environment, staff preparation, patient protection, and ventilation), intraoperative precautions (ie, protection of nontarget structures, technical considerations, topical and systemic medications), and postoperative strategies (ie, related to airway protection, oral intake, vocal rest, hospitalization duration, drug regimen, and consultant follow‐up).ConclusionThe results provided in this study can be used as a framework to guide the creation of laser safety protocols across institutions, guide quality improvement initiatives, the development of simulation training activities, and as a tool to facilitate resident teaching and skill assessment.
Preparation of TiO2 Nanorods Composites Doped with Silver Nanoparticles and Their Bactericidal Properties under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Ren Yufang , Sun Zeyuan , Huang Yong , An Xiaoyan , Bian Xiaona , Cao Zhenhao , Liu Yifan , Javed Kanwal , Derkach Tetiana , Li Xue 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTiO2 is a widely used photocatalytic antibacterial material and shows good antibacterial properties under ultraviolet light. However, its antibacterial efficacy under visible light still remains limited. To develop low‐cost and biocompatible antibacterial materials, this article provides a facile method for in situ preparation of a trace amount of silver (Ag) doped TiO2 nanorods (TiO2NR–Ag) composites, which cannot only enhance the antibacterial properties under visible light, but also has good biocompatibility. Two representative epidemic strains, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, are selected for analysis of the antibacterial properties of the obtained TiO2NR–Ag composite nanoparticles. The results demonstrate that even if the Ag doping level is as low as 2.5 × 10−4 wt% (i.e., Ag/TiO2 = 2.50 µg g−1), the TiO2NR–Ag composite nanoparticle coatings are transparent and exhibit exceptional antibacterial properties, which is attributed to synergistic enhanced bactericidal effect of the active substances generated by TiO2NR–Ag under visible light. The cytotoxicity and hemolysis rate results indicate that TiO2NR–Ag composite exhibit excellent biocompatibility. This study effectively improves the antibacterial effect of TiO2 photocatalytic nanomaterials while maintaining their biocompatibility, and the prepared TiO2NR–Ag composite nanoparticles can be applied in various fields such as window glasses, medical device surfaces, furniture surfaces, and optical devices, etc.
Stroke related sarcopenia in individuals with different physical activity levels: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Galvão Ana Carolina Joviano , Dias Camila , Miranda Ana Luiza , Moura Daniela , Palhares Carlos Vinícius Teixeira , Oliveira Leopoldino Amanda , Polese Janaine Cunha 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and objectiveIndividuals after stroke are likely to deal with the possible development of sarcopenia and reduced physical activity levels. The purpose of this study was to compare sarcopenia of individuals with chronic stroke who were stratified according to their physical activity levels, and to evaluate the relationship between sarcopenia and physical activity levels.Materials and MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted with individuals after chronic stroke recruited from the general community. Individuals were submitted to sarcopenia screening (SARC‐F questionnaire) and assessment of physical activity levels (Human Activity Profile questionnaire) to classify the individuals as impaired, moderately active, and active according to their Adjusted Activity Status (AAS). ANOVA was used to investigate the sarcopenia between groups and Pearson's coefficient to investigate the association among variables.ResultsFifty‐four individuals with a mean age of 56 ± 17.4 years were included. Twenty‐one percent of the individuals were screened for sarcopenia. Inactive individuals had higher mean scores in the SARC‐F (3.6 ± 2.1 points), whereas moderately active and active individuals presented lower mean scores in the same questionnaire, being 1.2 ± 1.1 points and 0.5 ± 0.7 points, respectively. A statistically significant inverse and high association was found between sarcopenia and physical activity levels (r = −0.716; p < 0.01).ConclusionSarcopenia was found to be higher in individuals after chronic stroke with lower physical activity levels considered inactive when compared to individuals with higher physical activity levels. Furthermore, there was an inverse relationship between sarcopenia and physical activity level in stroke survivors.
The effect of dose‐escalation radiotherapy with simultaneous‐integrated‐boost on the use of short‐term androgen deprivation therapy in patients with intermediate risk prostate cancer
Authors: Onal Cem , Guler Ozan Cem , Erbay Gurcan , Elmali Aysenur 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeTo compare the biochemical failure (FFBF) and prostate cancer specific survival (PCSS) rates of patients with intermediate‐risk prostate cancer (IR‐PC) who were treated with 6 months of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with 78 Gy to the prostate, those treated with ADT and focal boost (FB) of 86 Gy to intraprostatic lesion (IPL) using the simultaneous‐integrated boost (SIB) technique, and those treated with SIB alone.Materials and MethodsA retrospective analysis of 320 IR‐PC patients treated between January 2012 and April 2021 was performed. Patients were divided into three groups based on their treatment arm: 78 + ADT (109 patients, 34.1%), 78/86 (102 patients, 31.8%), and 78/86 + ADT. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to determine prognostic factors for FFBF and PCSS.ResultsMedian follow‐up was 8.8 years. The 8‐year FFBF and PCSS rates were 88.6% and 99.0%. Patients who received ADT had significantly higher pretreatment PSA levels and clinical tumor stage. Disease progression occurred in 45 patients (7.3%) at a median of 41.9 months after definitive radiotherapy (RT). Younger age, positive core biopsy (PCB) ≥ 50%, and the absence of ADT were all independent predictors of poor FFBF in multivariate analysis, whereas patients with PCB < 50% who were also given ADT had better PCSS. Patients treated with 78/86 Gy alone had worse FFBF than those treated with 78 Gy and ADT (Hazard ratio [HR] = 3.39 [95% CI = 1.46–7.88]; p = 0.005), as well as than those treated with 78/86 Gy and ADT (HR = 3.21 [95% CI = 1.23–6.46]; p = 0.009). However, FB to IPL has no effect on PCSS in multivariable analysis. There was no significant difference between treatment groups in terms of acute and late Grade ≥2 genitourinary or gastrointestinal toxicity.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrated that patients who received 78/86 alone did worse than patients who received ADT with either 78 or 78/86 Gy. However, because IR‐PC patients are so diverse, additional prospective trials are needed to validate our findings.
Evaluation of OCT2‐mediated drug–drug interactions between ulotaront and metformin in subjects with schizophrenia
Authors: Xiao Guangqing , Tsukada Hironobu , Chen Yu‐Luan , Shi Lei , Hopkins Seth C. , Galluppi Gerald R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUlotaront (SEP‐363856) is a TAAR1 agonist, with 5‐HT1A agonist activity, currently in clinical development for the treatment of schizophrenia. In vitro studies indicate ulotaront is an OCT2‐specific inhibitor with IC50 of 1.27 μM. The primary objective of this study is to determine if a single dose of ulotaront affects the PK of metformin, an index substrate of OCT2, in subjects with schizophrenia. In a randomized, single‐blind, 2‐period crossover study, 25 adults with schizophrenia received a single dose of metformin‐HCl 850 mg (approximately 663 mg metformin) with and without coadministration of 100 mg ulotaront. The plasma samples were analyzed by fully validated LC–MS/MS methods. The primary PK endpoints for metformin were AUCinf, AUClast, Cmax, and tmax. The highest‐anticipated clinical dose of ulotaront (100 mg) had no statistically significant effect on the PK of a single dose of metformin based on Cmax and AUCinf. Geometric least squares mean ratios were 89.98% and 110.63%, respectively, with the 90% confidential interval (CI) for each parameter contained within 80%–125%. Median tmax was comparable across the treatments. Ulotaront does not act as a perpetrator of OCT2‐mediated DDI against metformin. Co‐administration of ulotaront is not expected to require dose adjustment of metformin or other drugs cleared by OCT2.
Massive pleural effusion in porous diaphragm syndrome due to lymphatic leakage after pelvic surgery
Authors: Nishimura Masashi , Ogawa Takunori , Tanigaki Tomomi , Sumi Koji , Enjoji Yasuhiro , Suyama Yohsuke , Kawana Akihiko , Kimizuka Yoshifumi 
Published: March 2024

Key messageWe present the case of a patient who developed a massive right pleural effusion after pelvic surgery, not thoracic surgery. Lymphatic leakage into the abdominal cavity after pelvic surgery can cause massive pleural effusion when complicated with porous diaphragm syndrome.
Navigating misinformation in voice messages: Identification of user‐centered features for digital interventions
Authors: Hartwig Katrin , Sandler Ruslan , Reuter Christian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMisinformation presents a challenge to democracies, particularly in times of crisis. One way in which misinformation is spread is through voice messages sent via messenger groups, which enable members to share information on a larger scale. Gaining user perspectives on digital misinformation interventions as countermeasure after detection is crucial. In this paper, we extract potential features of misinformation in voice messages from literature, implement them within a program that automatically processes voice messages, and evaluate their perceived usefulness and comprehensibility as user‐centered indicators. We propose 35 features extracted from audio files at the character, word, sentence, audio, and creator levels to assist (1) private individuals in conducting credibility assessments, (2) government agencies faced with data overload during crises, and (3) researchers seeking to gather features for automatic detection approaches. We conducted a think‐aloud study with laypersons () to provide initial insight into how individuals autonomously assess the credibility of voice messages, as well as which automatically extracted features they find to be clear and convincing indicators of misinformation. Our study provides qualitative and quantitative insights into valuable indicators, particularly when they relate directly to the content or its creator, and uncovers challenges in user interface design.
Observer‐based event‐triggered H∞$$ {H}_{\infty } $$ control of networked switched systems under hybrid attacks
Authors: Zhang Zhigang , Liu Jinhai , Zhang Shuo , Zhu Hongfei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article is concerned with the issue of observer‐based event‐triggered control for networked switched systems (NSSs) under hybrid attacks. Since hybrid attacks can cause more damage to the system than a single cyber attack, this article considers a situation where stochastic deception attacks and aperiodic denial‐of‐service (DoS) attacks coexist in NSSs. To address this issue, the dynamics of the initial switched system combined with the event‐triggered mechanism (ETM), observers and hybrid attacks are formulated as a new augmented switched system. Thereinto, the unmeasurable states are estimated by a newly constructed gain adjustable observer and an observer state‐based adaptive ETM is designed under DoS attacks to save limited communication resources. Then, employing the Lyapunov stability theory and average dwell time (ADT) approach, sufficient conditions are obtained to guarantee the mean‐square exponential stability with a performance index of the new model. And the quantitative relationship between the switching signal and DoS attacks is formulated. Moreover, a co‐design method of ETM parameters and observer‐based controller gains is proposed. Compared with some existent results, restrictions on DoS attack signals and switching signals are relaxed. Finally, a numerical example is utilized to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed theory.
Antioxidant Activity and DFT Calculations of Metal Complexes Derived from a Schiff Base Ligand: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Lawan Salisu Y. , Mshelia Matthew B. , Mala Grema A. , Olaide Wahab O. , Musa Salihu A. , Ahmed Abubakar A. , Yesufu Hassan B. , Waziri Ibrahim 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMetal complexes derived from Schiff bases are known to have a wide range of applications, spanning the areas of material and medicinal sciences. Herein, a Schiff base ligand, (Z)‐2‐(((4‐chlorophenyl)imino)methyl)naphthalen‐1‐ol HL, was synthesized via a condensation reaction between 2‐hydroxy‐1‐naphthaldehyde and 4‐chloroaniline using methanol as a solvent in the presence of a catalytic amount of formic acid. The obtained ligand was further reacted with Mn(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) using their acetate salts in a 1 : 2 stoichiometric ratio of metal to ligand to afford complexes C1–C3, respectively. Physicochemical and analytical techniques consisting of FTIR, UV‐Vis, elemental (CHN and metal content), TGA, HRMS, 1H, and 13 C NMR spectroscopy were deployed to establish the formation of the compounds. Results show that the ligand coordinated with the metal ions through the oxygen and nitrogen atoms of the phenolate and azomethine moieties, respectively, forming ON‐type complexes. Furthermore, the free ligand and its complexes were evaluated for their antioxidant activity compared to the standard (ascorbic acid) using an in vitro DPPH radical scavenging assay. From this investigation, C1 demonstrated higher radical scavenging activity than the free ligand, the complexes, and the standard (ascorbic acid). But the ligand has better scavenging activity than C2 and C3 at higher concentrations. DFT was also used to examine the electronic properties of the compounds, and the data obtained corroborated well with the experimental study.
Solid‐State Electrolytes by Electrospinning Techniques for Lithium Batteries
Authors: Wu Hao , Lu Yong , Han Haoqin , Yan Zhenhua , Chen Jun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSolid‐state lithium batteries (SSLBs) are regarded as next‐generation energy storage devices because of their advantages in terms of safety and energy density. However, the poor interfacial compatibility and low ionic conductivity seriously hinder their development. Electrospinning is considered as a promising method for fabricating solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) with controllable nanofiber structures, scalability, and cost‐effectiveness. Numerous efforts are dedicated to electrospinning SSEs with high ionic conductivity and strong interfacial compatibility, but a comprehensive summary is lacking. Here, the history of electrospinning SSEs is overeviewed and introduce the electrospinning mechanism, followed by the manipulation of electrospun nanofibers and their utilization in SSEs, as well as various methods to improve the ionic conductivity of SSEs. Finally, new perspectives aimed at enhancing the performance of SSEs membranes and facilitating their industrialization are proposed. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview and future perspective on electrospinning technology in SSEs, with the goal of guiding the further development of SSLBs.
In Situ Phase‐Transformation Forming a Bicontinuous (Ni, Co, Ti, and Al)‐Oxide/Li2CO3 Interpenetrating Network Electrolyte for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Liu Yanyan , Ma Xiaochun , Ye Hongjun , Yan Jitong , Tang Yongfu , Ji Shaozheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDesigning heterogeneous electrolytes with superior interface charge transfer is promising for low‐temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LT‐SOFCs). However, a rational construction with optimal interfaces to maximize ionic conduction remains a challenge. Here an in situ phase‐transformation strategy is demonstrated to prepare a highly conductive heterogeneous electrolyte. A pristine LiNiO2‐TiO2 nanocomposite precursor undergoes chemical reactions and phase‐transformation upon heating and feeding H2, destroying the original phases, and forming new species, including an amorphous Li2CO3 scaffold within a (Ni, Co, Al, and Ti)‐oxide (NCAT) matrix. It creates an intertwining and continuous network inside the electrolyte with plentiful interfaces. The in situ formed NCAT/Li2CO3 heterogeneous electrolyte displays superior ionic conductivity and impressive fuel cell performance. This work emphasizes the potential of rational heterogeneous structure design and interface engineering for LT‐SOFC electrolyte through an in situ phase‐transform approach. The generated interfaces enhance ion transport, presenting an opportunity for further optimizing electrolyte candidates, and lowering the operating temperatures of SOFCs.
Rational Design of Naphthol Groups Functionalized Bipolar Polymer Cathodes for High Performance Alkali‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Kim Taehyoung , Lee Taewoong , Yoon Young Rok , Heo Woo Sub , Chae Seongwook , Kim Jee Woo , Kim Byung‐Kwon , Kim Sang Youl , Lee Jinhee , Lee Jin Hong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRedox‐active organic compounds gather significant attention for their potential application as electrodes in alkali ion batteries, owing to the structural versatility, environmental friendliness, and cost‐effectiveness. However, their practical applications of such compounds are impeded by insufficient active sites with limited capacity, dissolution in electrolytes, and sluggish kinetics. To address these issues, a naphthol group‐containing triarylamine polymer, namely poly[6,6′‐(phenylazanediyl)bis(naphthol)] (poly(DNap‐OH)) is rationally designed and synthesized, via oxidative coupling polymerization. It is capable of endowing favorable steric structures that facilitate fast ion diffusion, excellent chemical stability in organic electrolytes, and additional redox‐active sites that enable a bipolar redox reaction. By exploiting these advantages, poly(DNap‐OH) cathodes demonstrate remarkable cycling stability in both lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs), showcasing enhanced specific capacity and redox reaction kinetics in comparison to the conventional poly(4‐methyltriphenylamine) cathodes. Overall, this work offers insights into molecular design strategies for the development of high‐performance organic cathodes in alkali‐ion batteries.
Liquidlike, Low‐Friction Polymer Brushes for Microfibre Release Prevention from Textiles
Authors: Lahiri Sudip Kumar , Azimi Dijvejin Zahra , Gholamreza Farzan , Shabanian Sadaf , Khatir Behrooz , Wotherspoon Lauren , Golovin Kevin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDuring synthetic textile washing, rubbing between fibres or against the washing machine, exacerbated by the elevated temperature, initiates the release of millions of microplastic fibres into the environment. A general tribological strategy is reported that practically eliminates the release of microplastic fibres from laundered apparel. The two‐layer fabric finishes combine low‐friction, liquidlike polymer brushes with “molecular primers”, that is, molecules that durably bond the low‐friction layers to the surface of the polyester or nylon fabrics. It is shown that when the coefficient of friction is below a threshold of 0.25, microplastic fibre release is substantially reduced, by up to 96%. The fabric finishes can be water‐wicking or water‐repellent, and their comfort properties are retained after coating, indicating a tunable and practical strategy toward a sustainable textile industry and plastic‐free oceans and marine foodstuffs.
Imaging the Iodine Sorption‐Induced Synchronous Skeleton–Pore Interactions of Single Covalent Organic Framework Particles
Authors: Lin Ying , Wang Changjiang , Wu Jinxiang , Tang Jian , Ye Guangmao , Zhao Xiaobing , Li Hua , He Yi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising iodine adsorbents. For improved performances, it is critical and essential to fundamentally understand the underlying mechanism. Here, using the operando dark‐field optical microscopy (DFM) imaging technique, the observation of an extraordinary structure shrinkage of 2D triphenylbenzene (TPB)‐dimethoxyterephthaldehyde (DMTP)‐COF upon the adsorption of I2 vapor at the single‐particle resolution is reported. Combining single‐particle DFM imaging with other experimental and theoretical methods, it is revealed that the shrinkage mechanism of the TPB‐DMTP‐COF is attributed to the I2 sorption‐induced synchronous skeleton‐pore interactions. The redox reaction of I2 and TPB‐DMTP‐COF yields some cationic skeletons and I3− species, which triggers the multi‐directional halogen‐bonding interactions of I2 and I3− as well as strong cation‐π interactions between neutral and cationic skeletons, accompanying the synchronous in‐plane skeleton shrinking in the xy plane and compact out‐of‐plane layer packing in the z‐direction. This understanding of the synchronous action between the skeleton and pore breaks the perspective on the structure robustness of 2D COFs with excellent stability during the I2 uptake, which offers pivotal guidance for the rational design and creation of advanced microporous adsorbents.