bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ALBANIAN MIGRATION TO GREECE: PATTERNS AND PROCESSES OF INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION IN THE LABOUR MARKET
Authors: Lazaridis Gabriella , Koumandraki Maria 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACT
The Albanian case represents the most spectacular instance of East–West migration after the dismantling of the Iron Curtain. This paper examines the ways in which Albanians have been able to access employment in Greece and analyzes the processes through which the exclusion of Albanians in employment has occurred. In doing so, we acknowledge the multi-dimensionality of the concept and we look at what kind of inclusion different groups and individuals of Albanian origin achieve in the Greek society and why some migrants do better than others. We will identify three groups of migrants: those who have no contact with any networks of support, are unable to find a job and are in need of help; those who are at risk, fragile in economic terms, without access to social provisions or benefits; and finally those who after regularization have a relatively stable job, and access to social provisions and benefits.
Sediment characteristics and sedimentation-erosion processes on Ketenisse polder one year after levelling
Authors: Verbessem I. , Van den Bergh E. , De Regge N. , Soors J. , De Belder W. , De Groot R. 
Published: March 2007

The Ketenisse polder is a former intertidal brackish marsh of 30 ha situated between the fortress of Liefkenshoek and the Kallo sluice on the left bank of the Schelde estuary, Belgium. In the 19th century its central part was embanked as a polder. During the construction of a traffic tunnel in the late eighties, the excavated soil was dumped between a lower summer dike and the damming dike. The area was restored in 2002 as compensation for the construction of a container terminal on a mudflat in 1994-1995. The rubble of the summer dike and the dumped material were removed and the area was levelled with the intention of creating the optimal starting conditions for the development of new tidal mudflats and marshes.
Developments concerning morphology, sediment characteristics and sedimentation-erosion processes are monitored. Six transects with sedimentation-erosion plots were placed perpendicular to the shoreline. This article discusses those monitoring results, mainly for the first year after levelling.
Sedimentation as well as erosion between 0 and 30 cm was observed in the first year. Local changes in stream current patterns caused erosion on some parts of the former mudflats; sheltered depressions filled up relatively fast. Median grain size showed large variation, both spatial and temporal. Organic matter content of the sediment varied between 0.5 and 15% and was closely related to sediment median grain size.
Which stage of the process of apotransketolase interaction with thiamine diphosphate is affected by the regulatory activity of the donor substrate?
Authors: Esakova O. A. , Meshalkina L. E. , Golbik R. , Brauer J. , Hübner G. , Kochetov G. A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe interaction of thiamine diphosphate (ThDP) with transketolase (TK) involves at least two stages: [image omitted] During the first stage, an inactive intermediate complex (TK···ThDP) is formed, which is then transformed into a catalytically active holoenzyme (TK* ‐ ThDP). The second stage is related to conformational changes of the protein. In the preceding publication (Esakova, O. A., Meshalkina, L. E., Golbik, R., Hübner, G., and Kochetov, G. A. Eur. J. Biochem. 2004, 271, 4189 ‐ 4194) we reported that the affinity of ThDP for TK considerably increases in the presence of the donor substrate, which may be a mechanism whereby the activity of the enzyme is regulated under the conditions of the coenzyme deficiency. Here, we demonstrate that the substrate affects the stage of the reverse conformational transition, characterized by the constant k‐1: in the presence of the substrate, its value is decreased several fold, whereas Kd and k+1 remain unchanged.
IUBMB Life, 59: 104‐109, 2007
A Complex Muscle Fiber Network in the Cricothyroid Muscle: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study
Authors: Hyodo Masamitsu , Taguchi Aki , Yamagata Takahiko , Desaki Junzo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractObjectives: To examine the three‐dimensional ultrastructure of cricothyroid (CT) muscle fibers to elucidate their morphologic characteristics with regard to the specific functions of the muscle.Study Design: An anatomic animal study.Methods: The CT muscles of five adult rats were processed using the HCl‐hydrolysis method to remove the peri‐ and intramuscular connective tissue components. The fine muscle fiber arrangements were observed by scanning electron microscopy.Results: Complex muscle fiber interconnections (myomyous junctions) were identified in the muscles. Myomyous junctions were characterized by the connection of many villous processes that were 1 to 2 μm in diameter and 2 to 4 μm in length with a serrated appearance at the ends of a lateral branch or a bifurcating trunk of the muscle fibers.Conclusions: Myomyous junctions form a complex muscle fiber network, which is thought to synchronize the activity of the CT muscle fibers. This is the first three‐dimensional demonstration of the muscle fiber network in the CT muscle; this network may play a major role in the functional specificity of the CT muscle.
Practice Patterns, Safety, and Rationale for Tracheostomy Tube Changes: A Survey of Otolaryngology Training Programs
Authors: Tabaee Abtin , Lando Tali , Rickert Scott , Stewart Michael G. , Kuhel William I. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIntroduction: Tracheotomy for long‐term ventilation is a common surgical procedure in the hospital setting. Although the postoperative care is often perceived as routine, complications associated with tracheostomy changes may result in loss of airway and death. In addition, the practice patterns, rationale, and complications related to tube changes have been poorly described.Study Design and Methods: A survey of chief residents in accredited otolaryngology training programs was performed to determine the management strategies, rationale, and complications associated with postoperative tracheostomy tube changes.Results: The first tube change was performed after a mean of 5.3 (range, 3–7) days after the procedure, most frequently by junior residents. The first change was performed in a variety of locations including the intensive care unit (88%), step down unit (80%), and regular floor (78%). Twenty‐five percent performed these changes at night or on weekends. The most frequently reported rationale for performing routine tracheotomy changes was examination of the stoma for maturity (46%), prevention of stomal infection (46%), and confirmation of stability for transport to a less monitored setting (41%). Twenty‐five (42%) respondents reported awareness of a loss of airway, and nine (15%) respondents reported awareness of a death as a result of the first tube change at their institution during their residency. A statistically significant higher incidence of airway loss was reported by respondents who reported performing the first tube change on the floor (96.1% vs. 63.6%).Conclusion: There is significant variability in the approach to postoperative tracheostomy tube management. The occurrence of major complications including deaths from routine tube changes requires an examination of the rationale and safety of this practice.
Tonsil Surgery in Youths: Good Results With A Less Invasive Method
Authors: Ericsson Elisabeth , Hultcrantz Elisabeth 
Published: March 2007

AbstractObjective: Comparison of two types of tonsil surgery for 16‐ to 25‐year‐old patients, with respect to primary morbidity, snoring, and recurrent infections after 1 year. Teenagers and young adults are a significant proportion (26%) of the population that receive tonsil surgery each year and appear to suffer more pain than younger children. Recurrent tonsillitis, in combination with obstructive problems, is the main indication for surgery.Method: One hundred fourteen patients 16 to 25 years of age were randomized to tonsillotomy (TT) with radiosurgery (RF) (Ellman International) or to cold tonsillectomy (TE). Pain and analgesics were logged until patients were pain free.Results: Thirty‐two patients were operated on with TT and 44 with TE. The TT group had less blood loss during surgery and no postoperative bleedings, compared with the TE group (2 primary and 4 late hemorrhages). The TT group recorded significantly less pain from the first day, had less need of analgesics (diclofenac and paracetamol), and were pain free and in school/at work 4 days earlier than the TE group. After 7 days, the TE patients had lost a mean of 1.8 kg compared with TT, with no significant weight loss. After 1 year, both groups were satisfied. The positive effect on snoring was the same for both groups. There were few throat infections in both groups.Conclusion: TT with RF is an effective method for tonsil surgery for many teenagers and young adults, with much less postoperative morbidity than regular TE. Long‐term follow‐up is necessary.
Managing the relationship between knowledge and power in organisations
Authors: Kelly Catherine 
Published: March 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to focus on knowledge management implementation from an organisational culture perspective and analyse the relationship between knowledge and power within this context. It outlines the reasons why knowledge is a power resource, and proposes that, as such, it can only be managed successfully within the framework of an effective and legitimate use of all organisational power resources. The paper looks at the factors that constitute a legitimate use of power in the Western organisational context of the twenty‐first century which in turn engenders the development of trust within employment relationships. The development of trust ensures that knowledge is used to further the achievement of organisational goals. Finally, the paper addresses the ways in which effective knowledge management practice contributes to this desired state, and outlines the role of the knowledge manager in facilitating this.Design/methodology/approachThe method adopted is a literature‐based analysis of the main issues covered. These include: the development of the knowledge society and attendant theories around optimal organisational structures, the relationship between knowledge and power, the development of legitimate authority within organisations, and how this impacts on the creation of trust, and finally the impact which the presence of trust has on knowledge‐sharing behaviours within the organisation.FindingsPulling together evidence from across a wide range of academic disciplines leads to the conclusion that the successful management of the relationship between access to knowledge and access to power must be framed within an overall organisational context, in which all power resources are seen to be exercised in a legitimate manner. In this context, knowledge is no longer regarded as a personal power resource, but rather as a communal resource which will then be more likely to be shared freely in order to facilitate the joint and mutually beneficial achievement of organisational goals. Underpinning this organisational dynamic is an environment of trust.Originality/valueThe paper provides a summary of the literature around pivotal aspects of the question of the relationship between access to knowledge and the perception of knowledge as a source of power in the organisational context. It pulls together a range of material looking at the needs of the knowledge economy and at issues around the development of legitimate authority and the development of trust in the organisational context. It then relates this back to the successful development of a knowledge‐sharing culture, and outlines the role of the knowledge manager in working with employees at all levels in the organisation in developing an optimal culture for knowledge creation and sharing.
The I in information architecture: the challenge of content management
Authors: Batley Sue 
Published: March 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a review of content management in the context of information architecture.Design/methodology/approachThe method adopted is a review of definitions of information architecture and an analysis of the importance of content and its management within information architecture.FindingsConcludes that reality will not necessarily match the vision of organisations investing in information architecture.Originality/valueThe paper considers practical issues around content and records management.
Phenomenography: a conceptual framework for information literacy education
Authors: Andretta Susie 
Published: March 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the adoption of a phenomenographic conceptual framework to investigate learning from the perspective of the learner, with the aim of reflecting on the features that this approach shares with information literacy education in general, and with the relational model in particular.Design/methodology/approachThe study offers an analysis of phenomenographic research on learning undertaken by Marton, which is further elaborated by examples of collaborative work by Marton and Booth, as well as by Fazey and Marton. The relationship between understanding and learning, promoted by this perspective, is explored in this paper to illustrate its impact on retention and transfer of the learning process. This is compared with the iterative and independent learning approaches promoted by information literacy education, and specific examples are used to illustrate the pedagogical overlap between phenomenography and information literacy. In addition, the paper examines the relational approach of information literacy promoted by the individual and collective works of Bruce, Lupton, and Edwards to demonstrate how the person‐world relation, advocated by phenomenography, is used to examine the learner‐information relationship promoted by the work of these authors.FindingsThe paper reflects on the potential impact that phenomenography and the relational perspectives have on pedagogical practices in Higher Education. In particular, it aims to demonstrate how the relational approach, together with the learn‐how‐to‐learn ethos of information literacy, is fundamental in promoting a framework for lifelong learning that leads to the empowering of the learner through an iterative cycle of reflection and practice, i.e. what phenomenography defines as variation in practice to foster the ownership of learning.Originality/valueIn line with the person‐world relation, the paper explores the relationship between learners and information by outlining its internal/subjective and external/objective dynamics. Claims that the learner's ability to reflect on these dynamics enhances his or her independent learning attitude are explored in the light of current phenomenographic and information literacy research.
Flight simulation and testing of the FanWing experimental aircraft
Authors: Ahad O. , Graham J.M.R. 
Published: March 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to create an accurate computer‐based flight simulation of the FanWing experimental aircraft. The model would then be used to record and document the aircraft's performance and handling qualities.Design/methodology/approachThe project consisted of three phases. The first was to simplify and convert existing aerodynamic data into a form that was compatible with the simulation software. The second phase involved the development of the model, and the third, flight testing.FindingsThe aircraft performance and handling qualities of the aircraft were recorded in all flight phases.Research limitations/implicationsThe FanWing's aerodynamics are unusual and software limitations prevented its characteristics from being implemented directly. This meant that certain flight tests could not be carried out accurately.Practical implicationsThe model will likely be used as a preliminary training tool for the FanWing's first pilots. It is also a useful publicity tool for the aircraft, and provides an insight into how this unusual aircraft flies, from a pilot's perspective.Originality/valuePrior to this research, only aerodynamic data had documented the aircraft's performance. The simulation model allowed for conventional flight data to be recorded, and compared with similar aircraft.
Helicopter stability and control in the presence of windshear
Authors: Su Yuan , Cao Yihua , Yuan Kungang 
Published: March 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to present a theoretical method for analyzing the stability and control of a hingeless helicopter in the presence of windshear.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the stability and control of a hingeless helicopter in the presence of windshear are investigated. First, the rotary wing dynamic model considered is the one of flap‐pitch (including the elastic deformation of the control system)‐torsion coupling. The induced velocity nonuniform distribution derived from vortex theory is taken into account. Then, as for atmospheric turbulence, the linear windshear model is used for modeling the variation of wind field. Finally, according to the calculated results of the stability characteristic roots and the control response of the helicopter, the helicopter performance in wind shear field is analyzed, and some conclusions are obtained.FindingsSome useful conclusions are obtained through sample analysis.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the analyses for stability and control of a hingeless helicopter in the presence of windshear could be obtained using the current method, the model of complex wind field will still be expected in future studies.Practical implicationsA very useful method for analyzing helicopter stability and control.Originality/valueThe proposed method is valid and available for the analysis of helicopter flight dynamics.
Formulation for flutter and vibration analysis of a hingeless helicopter blade in hover: Part I
Authors: Ozdemir Ozgumus Ozge , Kaya Metin O. 
Published: March 2007

PurposeThis study aims to derive the kinetic and the potential energy expressions of a rotating uniform hingeless rotor blade and the aerodynamic loads that act on the blade element in hovering flight conditions.Design/methodology/approachThe blade is modeled as an Euler‐Bernoulli beam. The governing partial differential equations of motion and the associated boundary conditions are derived using the Hamilton's principle.FindingsThe derivations of the energy expressions and the aerodynamic loads are made in a detailed way by including several explanatory tables. The resultant equations of motion are in good agreement with the literature. Additionally, in this work the hub radius effect is included in the equations of motion.Originality/valueArguably this study achieves a breakthrough in deriving the kinetic and the potential energy expressions of a rotating uniform hingeless rotor blade and the aerodynamic loads that act on the blade element in hovering flight conditions.
The FDM solution of unsteady inverse problem for two‐dimensional oscillating airfoils
Authors: Yang Ai‐ling , Yao Zheng , Liu Gao‐lian 
Published: March 2007

PurposeThis paper seeks to develop an approach for the unsteady inverse problem of two‐dimensional oscillating airfoils based on the finite difference method (FDM) solution of the transient Euler equations.Design/methodology/approachThe solution strategies are determined according to the mathematical model for the inverse‐problem of oscillating airfoils. Then the unsteady nonreflecting far field boundary condition and the permeable wall boundary condition are employed to treat the boundary conditions. The applications are carried out for the modification of an oscillating airfoil according to the design targets of the unsteady pressure distribution in an oscillating period.FindingsThe results show that the pressure distributions over the new airfoils coincide with the design objects indicating that the mathematical model and solution strategy developed in this paper is rational and reliable.Research limitations/implicationsThis method is limited to frictionless flow.Originality/valueThe paper provides a new FDM solution of unsteady inverse problem for oscillating airfoils, which can be extended to treat the multipoint problem of airfoil design.
Potential of kefir as a dietetic beverage – a review
Authors: Sarkar S. 
Published: March 2007

PurposeKefir, the self‐carbonated beverage, possesses nutritional attributes due to its content of vitamins, protein and minerals and therapeutic attributes contributed by its antibacterial spectrum, gastro‐intestinal proliferation, hypocholesterolemic effect, anti carcinogenic effect, L(+) lactic acid content, β‐galactosidase activity and bacterial colonization. Inclusion of kefir in the diet as a dietetic beverage may confer nutritional and therapeutic advantages to the consumers.Design/methodology/approachBy reviewing the literature the chemical, microbiological, nutritional and therapeutic characteristics of kefir have been highlighted to justify its consumption as a dietary beverage.FindingsKefir grains, kefir starter and kefir beverage vary considerably in microflora of bacterial and yeasts. The nutritional attributes of kefir are due to its chemical ingredients such as vitamins, protein and minerals and fermentation induces further enhancement in its nutritional profiles. Kefir exhibits varied therapeutic attributes due to possession of different therapeutic components. Kefir can be recommended for consumption by normal and sick adults as well as infants as a dietetic beverage.Originality/valueDue to various nutritional and therapeutic attributes of kefir, it may occupy an important place in the diet of those consumers inclined towards dietetic foods.
Categorizing genetically modified food products
Authors: Tenbült Petra , De Vries Nanne , Dreezens Ellen , Martijn Carolien 
Published: March 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide insight into whether GM‐labelling leads to different processing behaviour of food stimuli compared to when products are not labelled.Design/methodology/approachA task was designed to investigate people's categorization behaviour as a function of information provided. In two studies each participant was randomly allocated to either the experimental “GM‐labelled condition”, or the control “non‐labelled condition”.FindingsDifferent processing strategies and different characteristics are used to judge products that are labelled as genetically modified or not. GM labelling of foods is interpreted to induce analytical processing of information and therefore the products are classified relatively more often on the basis of verifiable categorization criteria compared to when they were not labelled as GM. When products are not labelled as GM, information is more likely to be automatically processed and non‐verifiable categorization criteria are used.Originality/valueThis is the first study to examine the processes that labelling as GM brings about.
Ranganathan's relevance in the 21st century
Authors: McMenemy David 
Published: March 2007

PurposeTo discuss the importance of S.R. Ranganathan's teachings for librarians in the 21st century.Design/methodology/approach – The article is a reflective piece examining Ranganathan's five laws of library science in their modern context.Findings – That we owe as much of a debt to Ranganathan today as we did when he first published his five laws in the 1920s. His laws remain relevant in numerous areas of modern library and information practice, and will continue to be reinterpreted by the profession for a long time to come.Practical implication – The paper argues for a revisiting of the works of Ranganathan and a continued championing of them in the library world.Originality/value – The value of the paper is in examining traditional library values in the modern era