bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Umbilical artery Doppler flow‐velocity waveforms and fetal acid‐base balance in Rhesus‐isoimmunized pregnancies
Authors: Legarth Jesper , Lingman Göran , Stangenberg Magnus , Rahman Feryal 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPulsed Doppler blood‐flow velocity waveforms in the umbilical arteries, as well as blood gases, hematocrit, and lactate concentration in umbilical venous blood, were examined in 21 patients undergoing 49 cordocentesis, 34 of which were followed by fetal blood transfusion into the umbilical vein. The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlations, if any, between the Doppler indices from the umbilical artery (pulsatility index, resistance index, systolic/diastolic ratio) and the blood gas values (pO2, pCO2, O2 content, pH) and lactate content in the umbilical vein. The only correlation confirmed in this study was in the subgroup of anemic fetuses undergoing fetal blood transfusion, where correlation existed between A/B and the initial O2 content (r = −0.41, p < 0.02). We conclude that, in Rhesus‐isoimmunized pregnancies, in contrast to other pregnancies, a close correlation does not exist between the Doppler indices in the umbilical artery and the fetal blood gas values. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Measurement of placental volume with real‐time ultrasound in mid‐pregnancy
Authors: Howe David , Wheeler Timothy , Perring Stephen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new method to measure placental volume in mid‐pregnancy using realtime ultrasound is described. The method is an adaptation of the B‐mode parallel planimetric technique. The mean error of in vitro measurements on 45 balloons (mean volume 186 mL range: 88–485 mL) was −2.24 mL, standard deviation 6.76 mL. The error standard deviation of in vivo placental volume measurements was 16.4 mL (volume range: 173–396.5 mL). Placental measurements were made on 175 women between 14.3 weeks and 21.4 weeks, menstrual age (MA) and a smooth centile curve derived. Median volume increased linearly from 144 to 329 mL. The size of the ultrasound probe limits the technique to use before 20 weeks, MA. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Hydronephrosis accidentally detected by gastrointestinal sonography
Authors: Chuah Seng‐Kee , Changchien Chi‐Sin , Tai Dar‐In , Chiou Shue‐Shian , Lee Chuan‐Mo , Kuo Chung‐Huang , Chen Jye‐Jou , Chiu King‐Wah 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective study was carried out on patients with gastrointestinal complaints, who were accidentally found to have varying degrees of hydronephrosis between October 1989 and April 1991. The criteria for hydronephrosis given by Ellenbogen et al were used for ultrasonographic diagnosis. Grade 0 and 1 were classified as mild degree and grade 2 and 3 as moderate and severe, respectively. The causes of hydronephrosis were determined by intravenous pyelography, retrograde pyelography, and/or computed tomography. Of 44 patients with hydronephrosis who had complete studies, 20 had a mild degree of hydronephrosis, 18 had a moderate degree, and 6 had a severe degree. All 24 patients with moderate and severe degrees of hydronephrosis had obstruction as the etiology, but only 50% of the cases with mild hydronephrosis were found to have pathological lesions. Urolithiasis (79.4%) was the most common cause of hydronephrosis in this study. Benign prostate hypertrophy, carcinomas, external compression, and tuberculosis followed. Hydronephrosis found accidentally by sonography in the patients with gastrointestinal complaints is significant. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Cholelithiasis in the gravid Hispanic population
Authors: Hansen Gail C. , Duerinckx André J. , Fymat Alain , Wong Louise , Ngo Caroline 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUltrasound examinations were performed to determine the prevalence of cholelithiasis in 585 pregnant Hispanic patients. The ultrasound findings were correlated with age and country of birth. The overall prevalence of gallstones was 5.3%. This is not statistically different from the prevalence of gallstones in age‐matched groups from previously published studies not selected for country of birth or ethnic background. We found no statistically significant different in prevalence rates for gallstones between Mexican‐born and non‐Mexican‐born pregnant Hispanic women in the 20‐year to 49‐year age group. Unlike prior studies, this study does not support the use of increased ultrasound examination for cholelithiasis in a pregnant Hispanic population. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Value of serum alkaline phosphatase in evaluating hyperplasia of parathyroid glands in chronic hemodialysis patients
Authors: Huang Yu‐Yao , Hsu Brend Ray‐Sea , Huang Bie‐Yu , Huang Hong‐So , Huang Miau‐Ju 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo investigate the value of serum alkaline phosphatase in evaluating hyperplasia of parathyroid glands in hemodialysis patients, 28 hemodialysis patients who had parathyroid sonography examinations for secondary hyperparathyroidism were studied retrospectively.There were significant elevations of serum alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum total calcium, and dialysis duration in patients with sonography‐detectable parathyroid (N = 17) as compared with those of sonography‐undetectable (N = 11) parathyroid.Hemodialysis patients who have both higher serum alkaline phosphatase (>94 IU/ L) and considerably elevated serum PTH (9× or higher) are likely to have sonography‐detectable parathyroids (positive predictive value of 93%). Patients with mildly or moderately elevated serum PTH but normal serum alkaline phosphatase are less likely to have sonography‐detectable parathyroids (negative predictive value is 100%). These findings suggest that the elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase could be a valuable parameter in addition to the high serum PTH level in predicting hyperplasia of parathyroid glands in chronic hemodialysis patients. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Prediction of the neonatal crown–heel length from femur diaphysis length measurements
Authors: Kurniawan Yenny S. , Deter Russell L. , Visser Gerard H. A. , Simon Nicolas V. , v.d. Weele Leo Th. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe usefulness of the Rossavik growth model in predicting crown–heel length (CHL) was evaluated in 50 women with normal singleton pregnancies in a Dutch population. The femur diaphysis lengths (FDL) were predicted assuming growth cessation at 38, 39, 39.5, and 40 weeks, menstrual age (MA), and at birth using Rossavik growth models determined from two second‐trimester FDL measurements. Predicted CHLs were then calculated from predicted FDLs using six different equations. Predicted CHLs were compared with the actual neonatal CHLs and the percent differences calculated. The growth potential realization index (GPRI) values were also determined.With all six equations, regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between the percent differences and birth ages for those infants delivering after 38 and 39 weeks, MA, respectively. The signs of the slopes of the regression lines were negative, indicating continued growth of these fetuses. With the Vintzileos equation, no evidence of continued growth was obtained after 39.5 weeks, MA. The systematic prediction error at this time point was 0.9%, whereas the random error was 3.3%. The mean GPRICHL was 99%, with a 95% range of 93% to 104%. These findings indicate that the CHL can be predicted with a high degree of accuracy in this Dutch population if the appropriate growth cessation age and FDL–CHL function are used. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Ultrasonography of the thyroid gland in hospitalized, chronically III geriatric patients: Thyroid volume, its relationship to age and disease, and the prevalence of diffuse and nodular goiter
Authors: Gönczi Judit , Szabolcs Istvan , Kovacs Zsuzsa , Kakosy Tibor , Goth Miklos , Szilagyi Geza 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUltrasonography of the thyroid gland was performed in a screening study of 177 chronically ill, hospitalized geriatric patients older than 60 years of age, from an area with only moderate iodine deficiency. The normal reference ranges of thyroid volume for males (1.7 mL to 22.2 mL) and for females 2.4 mL to 20.9 mL) were similar. The thyroid volume decreased with age in the euthyroid group and was also smaller in euthyroid females in bad health. The prevalence of goiter and thyroid nodules were 7.9% and 11.3%, respectively. Thus, the decrease of the thyroid volume in this geriatric population is probably related to both old age and diseases of the aged. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Image‐directed Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of lower‐limb venous insufficiency
Authors: Gaitini Diana , Torem Shlomo , Pery Menucha , Kaftori Joseph K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNinety‐eight legs in 73 patients were evaluated with image‐directed Doppler ultrasound for suspected chronic venous insufficiency. Examinations of the entire venous system were performed to determine lumen patency and valvular competence. Reflux during Valsalva maneuver in the femoral and great saphenous vein, and, after release of distal compression in the popliteal vein, indicated valvular incompetence. Twenty limbs had normal veins; Baker's cysts were found in three. Superficial venous insufficiency was found in 25 cases. Deep reflux, either alone or in combination with superficial reflux, was the predominant pathological feature (53 legs). Photoplethys‐mographic studies of the veins were performed on 24 limbs. Image‐directed Doppler ultrasound was more successful in defining the exact site of venous incompetence and in detecting nonvenous pathology. By the combination of real‐time imaging of the vein with gated Doppler sonography of flow, image‐directed Doppler sonography is becoming the method of choice for the investigation of chronic venous insufficiency. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The effect of acute volume expansion and vasodilatation with verapamil on uterine and umbilical artery Doppler indices in severe preeclampsia
Authors: Belfort M. , Akovic K. , Anthony J. , Saade G. , Kirshon B. , Moise K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPreeclampsia is associated with increased peripheral, uterine, and umbilical artery resistance. Acute blood pressure reduction may result in shunting of blood and sudden fetal distress. We therefore investigated the effects of volume expansion and verapamil therapy on uteroplacental and umbilical resistance during treatment of preeclampsia. Materials and Methods: Five severe preeclamptics underwent volume expansion and subsequent vasodilatation with an infusion of verapamil. Invasive hemodynamic monitoring and Doppler ultrasonography were used to study changes in maternal, uterine, and umbilical hemodynamics. Results: Volume expansion and subsequent verapamil therapy was associated with significant changes in maternal hemodynamics without significant change in uteroplacental or umbilical resistance. Uterine artery waveform changes were noted, with disappearance of notching in some cases. Conclusions: Volume expansion and verapamil therapy effectively reduces maternal blood pressure in preeclampsia, without adversely affecting uteroplacental or umbilical artery resistance. Uterine artery waveform changes may be associated with improved fetal outcome. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Doppler ultrasonography of normal neck veins
Authors: Pucheu Alain , Evans John , Thomas Daniel , Scheuble Claude , Pucheu Marie 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDoppler ultrasonography was used to examine 198 neck‐vein systems (67 right, 131 left) in 148 patients. The vessel lumen is usually echo‐free: the veins are supple, and the internal jugular and sometimes the subclavian veins can be compressed. The venous confluence is Y‐shaped. Blood flow was symmetrical and biphasic in 57% of cases, continuous in 29% of cases, and monophasic in 13% of cases. Blood flow velocity was less than 1 m/s in all cases and varied with respiration and heart rate. Color Doppler allows flow imaging and increases the speed and reliability of the procedure. This investigation is useful for following‐up patients with indwelling venous catheters and is the investigation of choice whenever pathology of the neck veins is suspected. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Ultrasound findings following failed, clinically directed thoracenteses
Authors: Weingardt Jeffry P. , Guico Rogelio R. , Nemcek Albert A. , Li Yuk‐Pui , Chiu Stephen T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe prospectively examined 26 patients who were referred for ultrasoundguided thoracentesis, following at least one unsuccessful, clinically guided attempt. Sonographically guided thoracentesis was successful in obtaining fluid in 88% of patients. In addition, ultrasonography proved useful in suggesting or defining the cause for the initial unsuccessful attempt. Patients who have undergone an unsuccessful clinically guided thoracentesis and are referred for sonographic assistance represent a selected group who may have complicating factors not typically present during routine thoracentesis. Awareness of these potential complicating factors may facilitate the performance of ultrasound‐guided thoracenteses. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Ultrasound detection of abscesses in the temporomandibular joint following surgical reconstruction
Authors: Lieberman James M. , Green Hazel Y. , Bradrick Jon P. , Indresano A. Thomas 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this investigation is to report the technique and assess the utility of ultrasound diagnosis of abscess in the postoperative temporomandibular joint (TMJ).Fourteen patients had 18 ultrasound examinations of the postoperative temporomandibular joint (TMJ) to detect a possible abscess. Ultrasound examinations were performed with either a 5‐MHz linear array and/or a 7.5‐MHz sector probe following placement of implants (16) and autogenous costochondral grafts (2). The TMJ was scanned in both coronal and axial planes.In 14 examinations, an abscess was not detected; there were no false‐negatives. Soft‐tissue edema was found in 1 of these 14 examinations; at surgery, there was no abscess. Four examinations were positive for an abscess; 3 of these were confirmed at surgery. One examination was false‐positive. We conclude that ultrasonography can detect an abscess in the symptomatic postoperative TMJ. A negative examination is reliable. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Sonographic detection of clinically unsuspected swallowed toothpicks and their gastrointestinal complications
Authors: Rioux Michel , Langis Paul 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical presentation and imaging investigation in 4 cases of surgically (2 cases) or endoscopically (2 cases) proven toothpick‐related gastrointestinal perforation. The toothpick perforated the stomach (2 cases), the sigmoid (1 case), and the ileum (1 case). Sonographic appearance of the toothpick was a linear, hyperechoic (3 cases) or hypoechoic (1 case) image of variable length (mean: 2.5 cm) with inconsistent posterior shadowing in the longitudinal axis. In transverse section a hyperechoic dot (4 cases) with clear, thin, sharp, posterior shadowing (3 cases) was seen. Following sonography (4 cases), CT scan (2 cases), and upper GI study (2 cases), the preoperative diagnosis of GI perforation by foreign body compatible with toothpick was made in all cases, although none of the patients was aware of having swallowed a toothpick. This information will be of help in making early sonographic diagnosis of toothpick‐related GI perforation in patients with or without symptoms. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Thyroid nodules: Clinical effect of ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration biopsy
Authors: Takashima Shodayu , Fukuda Haruki , Kobayashi Tetsuro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUltrasound (US)‐guided fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) was performed on 268 thyroid nodules (135 palpable, 133 nonpalpable) in 210 patients with various thyroid conditions; 62 nodules also had palpation‐guided FNA. Surgical pathology was obtained in 67 malignant nodules and 32 benign nodules. Although the initial failure rate for palpation‐guided FNA (12 of 62) was significantly higher than that for US‐guided FNA (10 of 268) (p < 0.001), sensitivity (96%), specificity (91%), accuracy (94%), and positive (96%) and negative predictive values (91%) of US‐guided FNA for malignancy (n = 99) were not significantly different from those (88%, 90%, 88%, 95%, and 75%, respectively) of palpation‐guided FNA (n = 34) for those nodules where an adequate biopsy was obtained. US‐guided FNA established a correct diagnosis in 20 of 22 patients with nonpalpable malignancy and in another nodule in the opposite thyroid lobe in 16 of 17 patients with thyroid malignancy. This procedure determined the correct cancer staging in 19 of 21 patients. US‐guided FNA can reliably (1) select a patient who needs surgery and (2) avoid unnecessary surgery. This technique will help determine a cancer staging and institute an appropriate treatment. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Image‐directed color Doppler ultrasonography of kidney in systemic lupus nephritis
Authors: Özbek S. Süreyya , Büyükberber Süleyman , Tolunay Özden , Erden M. Ilhan , Aytaç Suat K. , Ölmez Ümit 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe evaluated intrarenal arterial waveforms with image‐directed color Doppler ultrasonography in 21 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The systolic–diastolic ratio, resistive index, and pulsatility index were compared with serum creatinine levels, creatinine clearance, and quantitation of urinary protein excretion, as well as with histopathologic scores of specimens obtained from 9 patients who underwent renal biopsy. Doppler parameters were in the normal ranges in all patients, without showing significant correlation with any of the histopathologic scores or laboratory parameters except creatinine levels. We conclude that image‐directed color Doppler ultrasonography is of no practical value in the evaluation of lupus nephritis during the early stages of the disease. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Transcranial color‐coded duplex sonography, magnetic resonance angiography, and computed tomography angiography: Methods, applications, advantages, and limitations
Authors: Baumgartner Ralf W. , Mattle Heinrich P. , Aaslid Rune 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTranscranial color‐coded duplex sonography (TCCD), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), and computed tomography angiography (CTA) are novel noninvasive or minimally invasive techniques for the study of the intracranial circulation. TCCD is relatively inexpensive and permits bedside examination. It improves the accuracy and reliability of conventional transcranial Doppler studies. The main limitation of TCCD are the ultrasonic windows. They restrict the area of insonation to the major cerebral arteries and the proximal part of its branches, lower the spatial resolution, and may prevent transtemporal insonation. Using MRA, both large and small intracranial arteries and veins can be imaged by selecting the appropriate imaging parameters. MRA provides morphologic information about the cerebral vessels, relying on blood flow as the physical basis for generating contrast between stationary tissues and moving spins. MRA is highly sensitive for the detection of occlusive disease in large intracranial arteries. However, with bright blood techniques the degree of stenosis tends to be exaggerated. Flow direction, eg, in collaterals, can be determined by selective or phase‐contrast MRA. Perfusion imaging techniques provide information about blood flow at the capillary level. Diffusion imaging depicts molecular motion. TCCD and MRA used in combination or alone may eliminate the need for intra‐arterial digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in most patients studied for occlusive cerebrovascular disease. DSA may be reserved for those patients where there is disagreement among the noninvasive techniques, and for the diagnosis of cerebral aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations. CTA relies on spiral CT technology and intravenous contrast injection. To date, intracranial use has been predominantly for the diagnosis of aneurysms. The role of CTA for the detection of nonaneurysmal intracranial vascular disease has yet to be established. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Further observations on the usefulness of the sonographic Murphy sign in the evaluation of suspected acute cholecystitis
Authors: Bree Robert L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA positive sonographic Murphy sign, the presence of maximal tenderness elicited over a sonographically localized gallbladder, has been reported to be a helpful adjunctive finding in patients with proven acute cholecystitis who are evaluated with ultrasonography. We evaluated 200 patients with right upper quadrant pain, thought to be acute cholecystitis. Results of ultrasound examinations and subsequent follow‐up were tabulated. The sensitivity of the sonographic Murphy sign in acute cholecystitis was 86% with a specificity of 35%, positive predictive value of 43%, and negative predictive value of 82%. The sensitivity of the sonographic findings, including stones, gallbladder wall edema, and pericholecystic fluid collections, was 93%, a specificity of 53%. The combination of the Murphy sign accompanied by gallstones yielded a specificity of 77%. The large number of false positives, and only moderate improvement in specificity when accompanied by gallstones, makes this sign unreliable in separating acute from chronic cholecystitis. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Thyroid nodules: Re‐evaluation with ultrasound
Authors: Takashima Shodayu , Fukuda Haruki , Nomura Naoko , Kishimoto Haruyoshi , Kim Tonsok , Kobayashi Tetsuro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to clarify ultrasound (US) evaluation of microcalcifications and determine whether the calcifications seen in US scans can reliably predict malignant thyroid tumors. Diagnostic accuracy of microcalcification and other various signs seen in US scans for predicting malignancy was evaluated prospectively in 259 pathologically verified thyroid nodules. Sonographic and pathologic correlation of calcifications was performed on 69 of 99 surgically removed nodules.Pathologic studies revealed that hyperechoic areas with acoustic shadowing represented mostly amorphous dense calcifications and sometimes microcalcifications, but small particles without acoustic shadowing mainly reflected microcalcifications and sometimes large amount of fibrous bands and condensed colloids. of the various sono‐graphic signs, microcalcification showed the highest accuracy (76%), specificity (93%), and positive predictive value (70%) for malignancy as a single sonographie sign, but its sensitivity (36%) was poor. Although sonographic microcalcification showed relatively high specificity, the accuracy of this finding for malignancy was insufficient. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Image‐directed and color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of postbiopsy arteriovenous fistulas of native kidneys
Authors: Özbek S. Süreyya , Memiş Ahmet , Killi Refik , Karaca Erdal , Kabasakal Caner , Mir Sevgi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUsing image‐directed and color Doppler ultrasonography (ICDUS), we examined 65 patients with single kidney biopsy and diagnosed one arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in each of 8 kidneys. Three of them were associated with pseudoaneurysms. Three of the patients with AVF who presented with macrohematuria underwent angiography. Therapeutic percutaneous embolization was performed in 2 of them. The remaining 6 patients were followed up with ICDUS. All the lesions had disappeared at the end of a 6‐month period. We conclude that ICDUS is an easy and noninvasive imaging technique in the diagnosis of postbiopsy native renal AVFs. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.