bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disruption and localization of sediment pathways by continental extension: Detrital-zircon provenance change from upper Triassic to lower Jurassic in the northern Sverdrup Basin, Nunavut
Authors: Midwinter Derrick , Hadlari Thomas , Dewing Keith , Matthews William A 
Published: April 2024

AbstractConstraints on the tectonic setting of the upper Triassic to lower Jurassic in the Sverdrup Basin can be elucidated from detrital-zircon U-Pb ages. During the Triassic, there was a dual provenance system into sedimentary basins along the western and northern margins of Laurentia. One of the sediment sources was from an extra-basinal igneous source of Permian-Triassic zircon while the other source was recycled sediment eroded from older sedimentary basins. The Heiberg Formation/Group was deposited during a period of significant siliciclastic sedimentation into the basin from the upper Triassic to the lower Jurassic and comprises three members: Romulus, Fosheim and Remus. Previous work has interpreted that the Carboniferous-Permian-Triassic detrital zircon had stopped reaching the northern part of the Sverdrup Basin by deposition of the upper Heiberg Formation (lower Jurassic). New detrital-zircon age analyses from samples along the northern part of the basin spanning different horizons in the Heiberg Formation show that the typical extra-basinal signature, with abundant Carboniferous-Permian-Triassic ages, was no longer recorded during the initial deposition of the Fosheim Member during the latest Triassic. Previously published basin analysis from the Sverdrup Basin interprets syn-Jurassic extensional faults and so we relate the provenance change to the onset of extension. It is interpreted that the Sverdrup Basin transitioned from a basin that received sediment from a northern extra-basinal igneous source during deposition of the Romulus Member to an extensional basin by the deposition of the Fosheim Member in the latest Triassic, as the northern sediment source was interrupted by intervening extensional basins of the proto-Amerasia Basin.
Theme-vowel minimal pairs show argument structure alternations
Authors: Kovačević Predrag , Milosavljević Stefan , Simonović Marko 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates correlations between theme vowels and argument structure in Serbo-Croatian. Specifically, we focus on two different theme vowels, -i- and -ova-, isolating ‘minimal pairs’, that is cases where the same base combines with the two theme vowels to derive different verbs. Starting from two online corpora of Serbo-Croatian, we created a comprehensive list of -i-/-ova- minimal pairs. For all pairs in the list whose both members were attested at least 50 times in the corpora, we randomly selected 50 tokens per verb and annotated them for transitivity. A statistical comparison of -i- and -ova- verbs according to the proportions of transitive uses was carried out. The findings show that -i- verbs are much more likely to be used transitively than -ova- verbs. This finding corroborates the view that theme vowels are associated with argument structure properties and challenges the idea that they are universally ‘ornamental’ pieces of morphology without syntactic/semantic import. Based on these and supplementary (non-corpus) data, we claim that -i- derives transitives and unaccusatives, while -ova- derives unergatives. We propose a model couched in Distributed Morphology whereby these two theme vowels are treated as instantiations of different ‘flavors of v’.
Associations between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder genetic liability and ICD-10 medical conditions in adults: utilizing electronic health records in a Phenome-Wide Association Study
Authors: Haan Elis , Krebs Kristi , Võsa Urmo , Brikell Isabell , Larsson Henrik ,   Estonian Biobank Research Team, Lehto Kelli 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often comorbid with other medical conditions in adult patients. However, ADHD is extremely underdiagnosed in adults and little is known about the medical comorbidities in undiagnosed adult individuals with high ADHD liability. In this study we investigated associations between ADHD genetic liability and electronic health record (EHR)-based ICD-10 diagnoses across all diagnostic categories, in individuals without ADHD diagnosis history.MethodsWe used data from the Estonian Biobank cohort (N = 111 261) and generated polygenic risk scores (PRS) for ADHD (PRSADHD) based on the ADHD genome-wide association study. We performed a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) to test for associations between standardized PRSADHD and 1515 EHR-based ICD-10 diagnoses in the full and sex-stratified sample. We compared the observed significant ICD-10 associations to associations with (1) ADHD diagnosis and (2) questionnaire-based high ADHD risk analyses.ResultsAfter Bonferroni correction (p = 3.3 × 10−5) we identified 80 medical conditions associated with PRSADHD. The strongest evidence was seen with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR 1.15, CI 1.11–1.18), obesity (OR 1.13, CI 1.11–1.15), and type 2 diabetes (OR 1.11, CI 1.09–1.14). Sex-stratified analysis generally showed similar associations in males and females. Out of all identified associations, 40% and 78% were also observed using ADHD diagnosis or questionnaire-based ADHD, respectively, as the predictor.ConclusionsOverall our findings indicate that ADHD genetic liability is associated with an increased risk of a substantial number of medical conditions in undiagnosed individuals. These results highlight the need for timely detection and improved management of ADHD symptoms in adults.
The mediating role of reflective functioning and general psychopathology in the relationship between childhood conduct disorder and adult aggression among offenders
Authors: Yirmiya Karen , Constantinou Matthew , Simes Elizabeth , Bateman Anthony , Wason James , Yakeley Jessica , McMurran Mary , Crawford Mike , Frater Alison , Moran Paul , Barrett Barbara , Cameron Angus , Hoare Zoe , Allison Elizabeth , Pilling Stephen , Butler Stephen , Fonagy Peter 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe nature of the pathway from conduct disorder (CD) in adolescence to antisocial behavior in adulthood has been debated and the role of certain mediators remains unclear. One perspective is that CD forms part of a general psychopathology dimension, playing a central role in the developmental trajectory. Impairment in reflective functioning (RF), i.e., the capacity to understand one's own and others' mental states, may relate to CD, psychopathology, and aggression. Here, we characterized the structure of psychopathology in adult male-offenders and its role, along with RF, in mediating the relationship between CD in their adolescence and current aggression.MethodsA secondary analysis of pre-treatment data from 313 probation-supervised offenders was conducted, and measures of CD symptoms, general and specific psychopathology factors, RF, and aggression were evaluated through clinical interviews and questionnaires.ResultsConfirmatory factor analyses indicated that a bifactor model best fitted the sample's psychopathology structure, including a general psychopathology factor (p factor) and five specific factors: internalizing, disinhibition, detachment, antagonism, and psychoticism. The structure of RF was fitted to the data using a one-factor model. According to our mediation model, CD significantly predicted the p factor, which was positively linked to RF impairments, resulting in increased aggression.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the critical role of a transdiagnostic approach provided by RF and general psychopathology in explaining the link between CD and aggression. Furthermore, they underscore the potential utility of treatments focusing on RF, such as mentalization-based treatment, in mitigating aggression in offenders with diverse psychopathologies.
Relative associations of behavioral and physiological risks for cardiometabolic disease with cognition in bipolar disorder during mid and later-life: findings from the UK biobank
Authors: Ringin Elysha , Dunstan David W. , Meyer Denny , McIntyre Roger S. , Owen Neville , Berk Michael , Hallgren Mats , Rossell Susan L. , Van Rheenen Tamsyn E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundCardiometabolic disease risk factors are disproportionately prevalent in bipolar disorder (BD) and are associated with cognitive impairment. It is, however, unknown which health risk factors for cardiometabolic disease are relevant to cognition in BD. This study aimed to identify the cardiometabolic disease risk factors that are the most important correlates of cognitive impairment in BD; and to examine whether the nature of the relationships vary between mid and later life.MethodsData from the UK Biobank were available for 966 participants with BD, aged between 40 and 69 years. Individual cardiometabolic disease risk factors were initially regressed onto a global cognition score in separate models for the following risk factor domains; (1) health risk behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behavior, smoking, and sleep) and (2) physiological risk factors, stratified into (2a) anthropometric and clinical risk (handgrip strength, body composition, and blood pressure), and (2b) cardiometabolic disease risk biomarkers (CRP, lipid profile, and HbA1c). A final combined multivariate regression model for global cognition was then fitted, including only the predictor variables that were significantly associated with cognition in the previous models.ResultsIn the final combined model, lower mentally active and higher passive sedentary behavior, higher levels of physical activity, inadequate sleep duration, higher systolic and lower diastolic blood pressure, and lower handgrip strength were associated with worse global cognition.ConclusionsHealth risk behaviors, as well as blood pressure and muscular strength, are associated with cognitive function in BD, whereas other traditional physiological cardiometabolic disease risk factors are not.
Shared genetic basis and causality between schizophrenia and inflammatory bowel disease: evidence from a comprehensive genetic analysis
Authors: Wang Jing , Luo Guang-Yu , Tian Tian , Zhao Yu-Qiang , Meng Shi-Yin , Wu Jun-Hua , Han Wen-Xiu , Deng Bin , Ni Jing 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundThe comorbidity between schizophrenia (SCZ) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) observed in epidemiological studies is partially attributed to genetic overlap, but the magnitude of shared genetic components and the causality relationship between them remains unclear.MethodsBy leveraging large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for SCZ, IBD, ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn's disease (CD), we conducted a comprehensive genetic pleiotropic analysis to uncover shared loci, genes, or biological processes between SCZ and each of IBD, UC, and CD, independently. Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were applied to assess the causality across these two disorders.ResultsSCZ genetically correlated with IBD (rg = 0.14, p = 3.65 × 10−9), UC (rg = 0.15, p = 4.88 × 10−8), and CD (rg = 0.12, p = 2.27 × 10−6), all surpassed the Bonferroni correction. Cross-trait meta-analysis identified 64, 52, and 66 significantly independent loci associated with SCZ and IBD, UC, and CD, respectively. Follow-up gene-based analysis found 11 novel pleiotropic genes (KAT5, RABEP1, ELP5, CSNK1G1, etc) in all joint phenotypes. Co-expression and pathway enrichment analysis illustrated those novel genes were mainly involved in core immune-related signal transduction and cerebral disorder-related pathways. In univariable MR, genetic predisposition to SCZ was associated with an increased risk of IBD (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.07–1.15, p = 1.85 × 10−6). Multivariable MR indicated a causal effect of genetic liability to SCZ on IBD risk independent of Actinobacteria (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.06–1.16, p = 1.34 × 10−6) or BMI (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.04–1.18, p = 1.84 × 10−3).ConclusionsWe confirmed a shared genetic basis, pleiotropic loci/genes, and causal relationship between SCZ and IBD, providing novel insights into the biological mechanism and therapeutic targets underlying these two disorders.
How do research participants with age-related vision loss talk about their experiences? A secondary discourse analysis of published qualitative extracts
Authors: Enoch Jamie , Subramanian Ahalya , Willig Carla 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a chronic, progressive eye condition that can affect individuals in later life and lead to loss of central visual function. In this analysis, we aimed to explore the discursive landscape of talk about AMD, drawing on extracts published in peer-reviewed qualitative studies on AMD. Drawing on procedures of qualitative meta-synthesis, we compiled a corpus of raw data extracts from 25 qualitative studies on AMD published in English, largely carried out in high-income countries. Extracts were analysed to identify dominant discourses and key interpretative repertoires (such as recurring metaphors, tropes and figures of speech). We adopted a Foucauldian discourse analytic approach, to consider the implications of dominant discourses, and their associated subject positions, for the subjective experience of living with AMD. Our analysis identified five distinct ways in which AMD was constructed in research participants' talk about experiences of AMD. They included: AMD as a mysterious affliction, linked to biological ageing; AMD as a total loss of independence; AMD as grievous loss; AMD as a condition to be stoically accepted; and – to a more limited extent – AMD as an opportunity for discovery. Drawing on theory from critical disability studies and gerontology, we suggest that the constructions identified are underpinned by broader societal discourses which construct ageing and disability in largely negative, medicalised and individualistic terms. Taking up subject positions within such discourses may compound feelings of isolation, hopelessness and powerlessness. We suggest there may be value in exploring talk about experiences of living with AMD within a broader range of everyday social, relational and environmental contexts.
The Musicians’ Syndicate and the contradictions of state control over music in Egypt
Authors: Frankford Sophie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBased on 21 months of ethnographic fieldwork in Cairo with musicians who perform a musical style known as shaʿbi, this article unravels the complex role that the state-affiliated Musicians’ Syndicate plays in musicians’ working lives in order to investigate the contradictions of state control over music in Egypt. Focusing on moments of encounter between musicians and Syndicate officials, I consider why my interlocutors’ time was split between evading the Syndicate and its restrictions, and embracing the Syndicate by calling for it to implement harsher interventions. Doing so not only sheds light on the reality of cultural production in an authoritarian state, but also prompts a broader reconsideration of scholarly approaches to popular music censorship, requiring us to move beyond dichotomies of ‘state vs. society,’ ‘censors vs. censored,’ and ‘resistors vs. oppressors’ that have tended to dominate scholarship on music censorship.
A switched adaptive strategy for state estimation in MEMS-based inertial navigation systems with application for a flight test
Authors: Fadaki Mohammad Saber , Koofigar Hamid Reza , Ekramian Mohsen , Mortazavi Mahdi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a switched model to improve the estimation of Euler angles and decrease the inertial navigation system (INS) error, when the centrifugal acceleration occurs. Depending on the situation, one of the subsystems of the proposed switched model is activated for the estimation procedure. During global positioning system (GPS) outages, an extended Kalman filter (EKF) operates in the prediction mode and corrects the INS information, based on the system error model. Compared with previous works, the main advantages of the proposed switched-based adaptive EKF (SAEKF) method are (i) elimination of INS error, during the centrifugal acceleration, and (ii) high accuracy in estimating the attitude and positioning, particularly during GPS outages. To validate the efficiency of the proposed method in various trajectories, an experimental flight test is performed and discussed, involving a microelectromechanical (MEMS)-based INS. The comparative study shows that the proposed method considerably improves the accuracy in various scenarios.
New dawn in Mughal India: longue durée Neoplatonism in the making of Akbar's sun project
Authors: Gommans Jos , Huseini Said Reza 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this article, we explore the longue durée philosophical background of Mughal Emperor Akbar's sun worship. Although Akbar's sun project may have been triggered by contemporary Hindu and Zoroastrian ideas and practices, we argue that Akbar's Neoplatonic advisers reframed it as a universal cosmotheistic tradition that, at the start of the new millennium, served as the perfect all-inclusive imperial ideology of Akbar's new world order. The astonishing parallels with the much earlier Neoplatonic sun cult of Roman Emperor Julian demonstrate that, although having characteristic of its own, Akbar's sun project was not that unique and should be seen as a fascinating late example of a so-far completely forgotten ancient Neoplatonic legacy of seeing the philosopher king, via the Sun, via illumination, connected to the One.
Mobilising human resources to build a national communications network: the case of Japan before the Pacific War
Authors: Hunter Janet 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article analyses labour-intensive workforce strategies in Japan's government-run informational infrastructure (post, telegraph, and telephone) and in the adjunct services associated with their administration in the decades up to the Pacific War. It asks to what extent the growing scale of employment in Japan's communications infrastructure in this period confirms the existence of labour-intensive growth outside the manufacturing sector, and how far the growth of the labour force in post and telecommunications was facilitated by specific labour-absorbing institutions—that is, formal or informal institutions designed to mobilise or incentivise large numbers of employees. The discussion of these two associated questions shows not only that this area of infrastructure provision was highly labour-intensive in terms of the numbers employed and the diverse tasks undertaken, but also that the government-run postal system in effect depended for its growth and development on labour strategies and labour-absorbing institutions analogous to those usually associated with manufacturing development. The article also seeks to establish how far we can see in this sector the gradual improvement in the quality of labour normally associated with the labour-intensive industrialisation process, providing evidence that the evolving institutions were closely associated with a gradual improvement in the quality of labour and its ability to interact with rapidly changing needs and technologies.
Bankruptcy law as an alternative to fiscal policy in a Woodford model with a productivity shock
Authors: Araújo Aloísio , Costa Vitor 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We show that trade credit contracts between sectors can provide a useful alternative to fiscal transfers during a major productivity shock. Defaults in credit contracts function as transfers between sectors, which can be implemented through a bankruptcy law or through credit renegotiation. Transfers implemented through defaults allow for a reduction in the size of the fiscal policy that restores the economy to the optimal allocation, constituting a relevant alternative to economies without an available fiscal space to implement the optimal policy.
Unit Testing in ASP Revisited: Language and Test-Driven Development Environment
Authors: AMENDOLA GIOVANNI , MAZZOTTA GIUSEPPE , RICCA FRANCESCO , BEREI TOBIAS 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUnit testing frameworks are nowadays considered a best practice, included in almost all modern software development processes, to achieve rapid development of correct specifications. Knowledge representation and reasoning paradigms such as Answer Set Programming (ASP), that have been used in industry-level applications, are not an exception. Indeed, the first unit testing specification language for ASP was proposed in 2011 as a feature of the ASPIDE development environment. Later, a more portable unit testing language was included in the LANA annotation language. In this paper we revisit both languages and tools for unit testing in ASP. We propose a new unit test specification language that allows one to inline tests within ASP programs, and we identify the computational complexity of the tasks associated with checking the various program-correctness assertions. Test-case specifications are transparent to the traditional evaluation, but can be interpreted by a specific testing tool. Thus, we present a novel environment supporting test-driven development of ASP programs.
Christian democracy as political spirituality: transcendence as transformation—Italian politics, 1942–1953
Authors: Forlenza Rosario , Thomassen Bjørn 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article deals with the transformation of Catholic politics in Italy between 1942 and 1945 and the emergence of Christian Democracy as the dominant political party in the postwar years. It analyzes how Catholic politicians turned from reactionary critics of democracy to its champion. The article foregrounds a dimension that has not been given sufficient attention in scholarly works on political Catholicism and Christian Democracy, namely the religious content of thought. In the experiences of politicians and thinkers living through Fascism and war, transcendence and spirituality emerged as new markers of certainty that came to re-direct and ground democracy. Our conceptual argument is that Christian Democracy can be understood as a distinct form of “political spirituality,” pace Foucault. The article further shows how this political spirituality became “applied” in a series of ways in the immediate postwar period.
Bioinspired planar switched beam network using Butler matrix on a flexible substrate targeting multifaceted millimeter-wave applications
Authors: Biswas Balaka , Karmakar Ayan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper details the design and development of a planar switched beam network using 4 × 4 Butler matrix (BM) over a thin and flexible type biocompatible substrate. Four mils thick liquid crystal polymer (LCP) is used as a substrate here (ϵr = 2.92, tanδ = 0.002). The proposed design is centered at 28 GHz, targeting commercial millimeter-wave applications. Floral-shaped antenna with defective ground structures has been implemented as basic radiating elements. The whole structure is based on microstrip line configuration. The architecture occupies an area of 23.85 × 19.20 mm2 over the LCP substrate. Individual components of the BM are detailed here, followed by a system analysis of the whole integrated structure. The present work also covers the electrical equivalent circuit modeling of the whole beam-forming network. The fabricated prototype offers better than 18 dB return losses at each input port for the desired frequency band with 6 dBi (max.) peak gain and 500 MHz bandwidth around the center frequency. Port-to-port isolation of better than 15 dB is achieved with this topology. Experimental and simulated results are in good agreement in all aspects. A comparative study is also chalked out to highlight the significance of the current research work with respect to alike earlier reported structures.