bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlates of burnout among public service lawyers
Authors: Jackson Susan E. , Turner Jon A. , Brief Arthur P. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSeveral hypotheses suggested by the theoretical literature on burnout were empirically tested in an attempt to identify the organizational conditions associated with employee burnout. Public service lawyers in the U.S. (N= 391) completed a survey designed to assess (a) three components of burnout, namely, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and feelings of low personal accomplishment; (b) perceptions of several job conditions predicted to be associated these three components of burnout, including workload, role conflict, social support, decision‐making policies, and autonomy; and (c) organizational commitment. Results indicate that emotional exhaustion is most strongly associated with role conflict and quantitative workload. Feelings of personal accomplishment were associated with supervisory social support and job level. Depersonalization was associated with role conflict and decision‐making policies. Finally, each burnout component is significantly related to organizational commitment.
The effects of long‐term unemployment on attitudes to employment
Authors: Payne Roy L. , Graham Jones J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis paper is concerned with whether long‐term unemployment (6‐24 months) affects people's attitudes to employment once they have found a new job. One hundred and forty men aged 25‐40 were asked whether they felt various aspects of employment (e.g. job security, pay) are more important to them as a result of being unemployed. The effects of mental well‐being when unemployed on attitudes to employment are explored. Unemployment is reported to have made most aspects of employment more important to people. Those whose mental health was worst when unemployed report that job security is most important to them.
Predictive effects of occupational and marital stress on the mental health of a male workforce
Authors: Bromet Evelyn J. , Dew Mary Amanda , Parkinson David K. , Schulberg Herbert C. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis study examined the predictive contribution of occupational and marital stress to the development of symptomatolgoy, affective disorder, and alcohol‐related problems in a sample of 325 male power plant employees interviewed at baseline and one‐year follow up. After controlling for known clinical and social risk factors, we found statistically significant predictive effects of job demands on affective disorder and job decision latitude on alcohol problems. In addition, the specific combination of high job demands with low decision latitude was important in predicting the occurrence of alcohol problems. Marital stress was not predictive of poorer mental health. The analyses provided only minimal support for a stress‐buffering rote of social support.
Exit and voice: A test of hypotheses based on fight/flight responses to job stress
Authors: Mayes Bronston T. , Ganster Daniel C. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractHypotheses were developed based on a coping model that views political behaviour (voice) as a fight response and turnover (exit) as a flight response to job stress. Data were collected from a group of professional, public employees and turnover dates were obtained for the group 13 months after completion of questionnaires. Multiple regression analysis was employed to test hypotheses. Stressors of interest were person‐environment fit (P‐E fit), role conflict (RC), and role ambiguity (RA). Psychological strains (job dissatisfaction and lowered commitment) were hypothesized to mediate the stressor‐coping behaviour relationship. Turnover (TO) behaviour was the ultimate organizationally relevant outcome of coping behaviours. Job satisfaction and commitment were significantly related to intentions to leave. Political action was directly related to P‐E fit and this relationship was not mediated by satisfaction or commitment. The relationship between RA and politics was moderated by commitment. Less committed employees tended to exhibit political behaviour in response to RA. Both coping responses (intentions to leave and political action) predicted significant portions of retention/turnover variance.
A longitudinal study of climates
Authors: Jackofsky Ellen F. , Slocum John W. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe construct of climate and its relationship to various work outcomes over time was examined. Based on perceptual agreement of various work setting characteristics, collective climates were formed. Climates were traced longitudinally 10 understand the bases of perceptual agreement. Collective climates were shown to (1) vary in stability over time and (2) affect employees' job satisfactions, how they described their leader's behaviour, and intentions to leave. A basis for understanding membership in climates was developed.
Multi‐dimensional quality of life among long‐term (5+ years) adult cancer survivors
Authors: Bloom Joan R. , Petersen Dana M. , Kang Soo H. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSurvival from cancer has improved over the past decade resulting in more long‐term survivors. The literature on multi‐dimensional quality of life (QOL) among long‐term (5+ years) adult survivors is reviewed for each of seven cancer sites (i.e. breast, ovarian, cervical, prostate, colorectal, head and neck, and Hodgkin's disease survivors). Overall, long‐term survivors experience good to excellent QOL. Physical domain QOL was the most frequently measured while spiritual domain QOL was the least frequently measured. QOL varies according to treatment received and by age for all groups with older persons (excepting head and neck and Hodgkin's disease survivors) reporting better QOL. QOL improves with time for breast cancer survivors and tends to decrease over time for prostate cancer survivors. Issues regarding sexual functioning affected the social domain—especially for breast and prostate cancer survivors. Social support improves psychological domain QOL for breast, cervical, and colorectal survivors. Review of findings may assist researchers and clinicians wishing to enhance the QOL of the long‐term survivor population by identifying the most pressing and widely experienced concerns and by providing directions for future research. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recent progress in urinary proteomics
Authors: Thongboonkerd Visith 
Published: July 2007

AbstractUrinary proteomics has become one of the most attractive subdisciplines in clinical proteomics as the urine is an ideal source for the discovery of noninvasive biomarkers for kidney and nonkidney diseases. This field has been growing rapidly as indicated by >80 original research articles on urinary proteome analyses appearing since 2001, of which 28 (approximately 1/3) had been published within the year 2006. The most common technologies used in recent urinary proteome studies remain gel‐based methods (1‐DE, 2‐DE and 2‐D DIGE), whereas LC‐MS/MS, SELDI‐TOF MS, and CE‐MS are other commonly used techniques. In addition, mass spectrometric immunoassay (MSIA) and array technology have also been applied. This review provides an extensive but concise summary of recent applications of urinary proteomics. Proteomic analyses of dialysate and ultrafiltrate fluids derived from renal replacement therapy (or artificial kidney) are also discussed.
Monte Carlo simulation of controlled charge carriers diffusion in highly ordered iodine doped pentacene film
Authors: Demeyu L. , Stafström S. , Bekele M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe propose and model an experiment where charge carriers in a highly ordered iodine doped two‐dimensional (2D) pentacene (PEN) film layer can be controlled by an external parabolic potential defined by a gate arrangement. The potential has its minimum at the center of the 2D organic semiconductor layer. Calculating the discrete interaction potential numerically, and using the Arrhenius equation modified to include effects of the external and internal fields to calculate time and position dependent probabilities, we carry out Monte Carlo simulations to predict the charge concentration profiles. The positive and negative charge concentration profiles are found to broaden outward and inward respectively with the increase of concentration when the external parabolic potential and the temperature are kept constant. A novel transition from a concentration profile controlled by the external potential to a profile determined by the internal potential is observed for increasing doping concentration. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The effect of small‐scale hills on orographic drag
Authors: Vosper S. B. , Brown A. R. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which the presence of hills with relatively short horizontal scales can influence the drag, due to mountain waves and flow blocking, exerted on the flow by larger‐scale mountains. Numerical simulations of stratified flow over mountains are presented for flow over orography described by the linear superposition of broad mountains, whose length scales are large enough to generate mountain waves, and narrow corrugations, whose wavelengths fall below the minimum horizontal wavelength for stationary gravity waves. Results are presented for both two‐ and three‐dimensional mountain shapes, and for a range of corrugation heights. It is shown that the corrugations can significantly reduce the amplitude of the mountain waves generated by the broader mountain, or they can suppress the unsteadiness of the wake. When these mechanisms make an important contribution to the total drag, this implies a significant drop in the total drag, compared to the sum of the contributions from the two scales of orography. From the point of view of drag parametrization, the extent to which the effect of the small‐scale hills can be represented via an effective roughness length is investigated. © Crown Copyright 2007. Reproduced with the permission of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Alkyl peroxides: Effect of substituent groups on the torsional mode around the OO bond
Authors: Maciel Glauciete S. , Bitencourt Ana Carla P. , Ragni Mirco , Aquilanti Vincenzo 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe present here a systematic study by quantum mechanical methods of structural and energetic properties for a series of substitutions by alkyl groups of the hydrogens in hydrogen peroxide. The emphasis is on the torsion around the peroxidic bond, which leads to the chirality changing stereomutation. The dihedral angle dependence of the geometrical features and of the dipole moment is discussed with reference to previous experimental and theoretical information, and with respect to the preceding paper on hydrogen peroxide (Maciel et al., Chem Phys Lett, 2006, 432, 383). This information is of interest for chiral separation experiments as well as in view of a possible dynamical mechanism for chirality exchange by molecular collisions. The cis and trans barriers appear to vary remarkably upon substitution by alkyl groups (methyl, ethyl, n‐ and iso‐propyl, sec‐ and tert‐butyl hydroperoxides), the most important property being their geometrical dimensions. As the latter increase, tendency for the equilibrium configuration towards the trans structure increases, so that the trans barrier becomes negligible for dimethyl and diethyl peroxides and for n‐ and iso‐butyl hydroperoxides, giving essentially achiral molecules. For the chiral ones (HOOH, CH3OOH, and C2H5OOH) torsional level energies and eigenfunctions are calculated and their distribution as a function of temperature determined. Their use is exemplified by a calculation of the dipole moment of hydrogen peroxide at room temperature, reconciling previous disagreement between theory and experiment. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
A framework for improving effort management in software projects
Authors: Haapio Topi 
Published: July 2007

AbstractRapid changes in information technology (IT) set challenges to software project effort estimation. Besides effort estimation, software projects involve various other effort‐related functions which have an effect on the effort estimation. Some of these functions are required by the capability maturity models such as Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI). However, both the capability maturity model requirements and research on software project effort is very fragmented. This article proposes a framework for improving effort management in software projects. The framework assists both the total management and, on the other hand, concentration on selected areas of effort‐related functions. The framework has been applied at TietoEnator Telecom & Media. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Brief report: Development of a brief scale to assess family support function among Chinese high school students
Authors: Hu Guoqing , Sun Zhenqiu , Hu Ming , Xia Qiang , Yin Xunqiang , Zheng Lei , Castillo Renan C. 
Published: July 2007

ABSTRACTPurposeTo develop a brief family support function scale for Chinese high school students (FSFS‐CHSS).MethodsStandard procedures for scale development (identification of conceptual model, literature review, item selection and modification using consumer and expert panels and item reduction techniques) were used to develop a 17‐item scale. Families of students in 96 high school classes in Hunan were used for item selection and validation. A subset of 4 out of 96 classes was selected as a test–retest sample.ResultsA brief CHSS‐FSFS with 17 items was found to have good test–retest and internal consistency reliability (Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.89, P<0.05; Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.87). Three factors were extracted using factor analysis, accounting for 48% of total variation. Comparison of CHSS‐FSFS score between healthy and unhealthy families was statistically significant, t=7.58, P<0.01.ConclusionsCHSS‐FSFS is a reliable and valid tool for family support function assessment.
Association between anaemia and N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP): Findings from the Heart and Soul Study
Authors: Desai Arati S. , Bibbins‐Domingo Kirsten , Shlipak Michael G. , Wu Alan H.B. , Ali Sadia , Whooley Mary A. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBackgroundAnaemia is associated with elevated levels of natriuretic peptides. Whether the association of anaemia with natriuretic peptides is independent of other cardiovascular risk factors is unclear.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study of 809 ambulatory patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and no history of heart failure (HF). We evaluated the extent to which the relationship between haemoglobin and N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) was explained by differences in cardiovascular risk factors, inflammation, and kidney dysfunction.ResultsOf the 809 participants, 189 (23%) had anaemia (haemoglobin <13 g/dL). Haemoglobin (as a continuous variable) was inversely associated with log NT‐proBNP (beta coefficient – .28, p<.0001). This association was considerably attenuated after accounting for cardiovascular risk factors, C‐reactive protein, and kidney dysfunction. However, haemoglobin remained independently associated with log NT‐proBNP even after adjustment for these variables (beta coefficient – .11, p=0.0003). Each 1 g/dL decrease in haemoglobin was associated with a 20% greater odds of having NT‐proBNP in the highest quartile.ConclusionsThe relationship between anaemia and NT‐proBNP is largely explained by differences in cardiovascular risk factors, ventricular function, myocardial ischaemia, inflammation, and kidney function. Nonetheless, haemoglobin appears to be inversely associated with NT‐proBNP even after adjustment for these risk factors.
The Olduvai buffaloPelorovisand the origin ofBos
Authors: Martínez-Navarro Bienvenido , Antonio Pérez-Claros Juan , Palombo Maria Rita , Rook Lorenzo , Palmqvist Paul 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe origin of the genusBosis a debated issue. From ∼ 0.5 Ma until historic times, the genus is well known in the Eurasian large mammal assemblages, where it is represented byBos primigenius. This species has a highly derived cranial anatomy that shows important morphological differences from other Plio-Pleistocene Eurasian genera of the tribe Bovini such asLeptobos,Bison,Proamphibos-Hemibos, andBubalus. The oldest clear evidence ofBosis the skull fragment ASB-198-1 from the middle Pleistocene (∼ 0.6–0.8 Ma) site of Asbole (Lower Awash Valley, Ethiopia). The first appearance ofBosin Europe is at the site of Venosa-Notarchirico, Italy (∼ 0.5–0.6 Ma). Although the origin ofBoshas traditionally been connected withLeptobosandBison, after a detailed anatomical and morphometric study we propose here a different origin, connecting the middle Pleistocene Eurasian forms ofB. primigeniuswith the African Late Pliocene and early Pleistocene large size member of the tribe BoviniPelorovis sensu stricto. The dispersal of theBoslineage in Western Europe during middle Pleistocene times seems to coincide with the arrival of the Acheulean tool technology in this continent.
Roots and Emergence of Cognition in Evolution
Authors: Riofrio Walter 
Published: July 2007

AbstractTrying to understand when and how the cognitive phenomena arise in evolution continues being a hard problem of confronting. One important task is to find the ways in which we will be able to arrive at those explanations that will enable us to understand how living beings put together perceived sensory information as well as how they represent it. In this presentation, we address some conceptual questions involved in the relationships between sensorial information perceived by brains and its representational capacities.
A periodic pattern of SNPs in the human genome
Authors: Madsen Bo Eskerod , Villesen Palle , Wiuf Carsten 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBy surveying all validated SNPs in the human genome we have found that SNPs positioned 1, 2, 4, 6 or 8 bp apart are more frequent than SNPs 3, 5, 7 or 9 bp apart. This holds even when we correct for nucleotide frequencies and site dependencies in nucleotide usage in the genome. The observed pattern is not restricted to any of the genomic regions that might give sequencing or alignment errors; i.e. transposable elements (SINE, LINE and LTR), tandem repeats and large duplicated regions. However we can define periodic DNA, which virtually capture the entire pattern. Periodic DNA is defined as small DNA sequences (16.9 bp average length) with a high degree of periodicity in nucleotide usage. Periodic DNA is widely distributed in the genome, underrepresented in exons, widespread in transcripts and slightly overrepresented in tandem repeats. Furthermore periodic DNA has a 1.8 times higher SNP density than the rest of the genome.A possible biological explanation of these observations is that during DNA replication small fragments of (periodic) DNA is copied to nearby positions, substituting the original sequence. If the copied fragment differs from the original sequence a new SNP is created. In conclusion these observations suggest that not all SNPs in the human genome are created by independent single nucleotide mutations.
Changes of Oral Trigeminal Sensitivity in Patients After Middle Ear Surgery
Authors: Just Tino , Steiner Susanne , Strenger Tobias , Pau Hans W. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjectives: The specific aim of this study was to re‐investigate the effect of chorda tympani damage on both trigeminal sensitivity and taste ability.Study Design: Prospective study.Methods: Capsaicin‐impregnated filter paper strips (5 concentrations, 0.0001–1%) were used to measure trigeminal thresholds. The strips were placed on the anterior tongue for 10 seconds. Thresholds were estimated in two ways: 1) thresholds related to sensory perception and 2) intensity‐related thresholds. The test was applied to 29 patients who underwent middle ear surgery (mean age, 49 yr; 16 females, 13 males). Results were compared with those of 63 healthy subjects (mean age, 40 yr; 36 females, 29 males). In addition to trigeminal thresholds, measures of gustatory function were also obtained using both the validated “taste strips” test kit and electrogustometry.Results: For lateralized testing with capsaicin, significant differences were found between preoperative and postoperative thresholds and between the operated and nonoperated side, with thresholds being higher postoperatively on the operated side. The sensation‐related thresholds from the operated tongue side exhibited a correlation with the corresponding postoperative electrogustometric thresholds. A higher degree of chorda manipulation was associated with higher postoperative capsaicin thresholds at the operated tongue side.Conclusion: Pain‐related sensitivity of the tongue decreases after middle ear surgery, indicating that chorda tympani function also influences intraoral trigeminal sensitivity.
Narrow Band Imaging for Detecting Superficial Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Katada Chikatoshi , Nakayama Meijin , Tanabe Satoshi , Naruke Akira , Koizumi Wasaburo , Masaki Takashi , Okamoto Makito , Saigenji Katsunori 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe present two cases of superficial squamous cell carcinoma of the floor of the mouth, which were coincidentally detected by narrow band imaging (NBI) combined with magnifying gastrointestinal endoscopy (GIE) during gastrointestinal evaluation. We successfully removed the lesions using laser assisted with NBI combined with magnifying GIE. Because NBI combined with magnifying GIE shows a well‐demarcated brownish area and scattered foci of microvascular proliferation, it may play an important role in the management of superficial squamous cell carcinoma in the oral cavity.
The use of propofol and remifentanil for the anaesthetic management of a super‐obese patient
Authors: La Colla L. , La Colla G. , Albertin A. , Poli D. , Baruffaldi Preis F. W. , Mangano A. 
Published: July 2007

SummaryMorbid obesity is defined as body mass index (BMI) > 35 kg.m−2, and super‐obesity as BMI > 55 kg.m−2. We report the case of a 290‐kg super‐obese patient scheduled for open bariatric surgery. A propofol‐remifentanil TCI (target controlled infusion) was chosen as the anaesthetic technique both for sedation during awake fibreoptic nasotracheal intubation and for maintenance of anaesthesia during surgery. Servin's weight correction formula was used for propofol. Arterial blood samples were taken at fixed time points to assess the predictive performance of the TCI system. A significant difference between measured and predicted plasma propofol concentrations was found. After performing a computer simulation, we found that predictive performance would have improved significantly if we had used an unadjusted pharmacokinetic set. However, in conclusion (despite the differences between measured and predicted plasma propofol concentrations), the use of a propofol‐remifentanil TCI technique both for sedation during awake fibreoptic intubation and for Bispectral Index‐guided propofol‐remifentanil anaesthesia resulted in a rapid and effective induction, and operative stability and a rapid emergence, allowing rapid extubation in the operating room and an uneventful recovery.