bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship of Perceived Parental Instrumentality and Expressiveness to Future Time Perspective of Tenth‐Grade Adolescents
Authors: Yarcheski Adela 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis study examined the relationship of perceived parental instrumentality and perceived parental expressiveness to future time perspective in tenth‐grade adolescents. Of the originally selected 270 students from an urban high school, 141 from twoparent families comprised the final sample. They responded to the modified Cornell Parent Behavior Description Questionnaire(s), the Heimberg Future Time Perspective Inventory, and the Child Personal Inventory Sheet. The data obtained on the modified Cornell Parent Behavior Description Questionnaire(s) were factor analyzed to determine the maternal and paternal scales of instrumentality and expressiveness. Using the Pearson product‐moment correlation coefficient, three of the four hypotheses tested were supported (p < 0.05). Each hypothesis was further analyzed according to the sex of the adolescent and a different pattern of findings emerged. In this article, conclusions are drawn with direct reference to theory and implications for nursing are addressed.
A Comparison of Views of School Nurses, Teachers, and Middle‐School Students Regarding Health Information Interests and Concerns
Authors: Levenson Phyllis M. , Morrow James R. , Gregory Elizabeth K. , Pfefferbaum Betty J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractTo foster collaborative efforts to address adolescent health information needs, this study compared the views of 600 middle‐school students, 70 school nurses, and 71 teachers. A questionnaire determined the relative importance of items in seven subscales pertaining to smoking, diet and weight control, physical fitness, and four general health concerns. Students rated the importance of their knowing about scale items. Adults rated how much importance they thought students would attach to items and how important they thought it was for students to know about the items. Omnibus F tests were significant (P < 0.001), indicating adults did not accurately judge the importance students placed on scales, and that adults and students attached different importance to scales. Post hoc Helmert contrasts indicated that, while students differed from adults (P < 0.001), nurses and teachers did not differ significantly from each other. Univariate analyses of adult‐student responses indicated differences in responses to all scales (P < 0.03). Adults consistently underestimated the importance adolescents attached to all scales except peer opinion (adults thought students would place more importance on peer opinion than was the case). Adults attributed significantly more importance to each scale (P < 0.01) than students. Items most frequently rated very important by each group are identified. Implications of results for promoting health among adolescents are discussed.
An Experience in Health Planning for Baccalaureate Nursing Students
Authors: Morgan Barbara S. , Hogan Deborah G. , Burbank Patricia M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA model was developed, using the nursing process, that has been incorporated into a health planning project for a community health nursing course. It is used to assist students to view larger aggregates as the client and to gain knowledge and experience in health planning. Examples of completed projects are presented. Evaluation of the projects by students, faculty, and aggregates supports the use of the model as a framework for nursing intervention within a community for the improvement of client health.
Self‐Care for Patients with Breast Cancer to Prevent Side Effects of Chemotherapy: A Concern for Public Health Nursing
Authors: Dodd Marylin J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA convenience sample of 30 patients with breast cancer who were initiating their first course of chemotherapy recorded in a log the side effects of treatment they were experiencing and the preventive self‐care activities they undertook. The patients recalled an average of 2.6 (14 percent) potential side effects they were at risk of developing. Their preventive self‐care activity was low; the average number of initiated behaviors was 0.9. Given that the average number of potential side effects from chemotherapy was 18.8 (mode = 18), the lack of self‐care activity is remarkable. Patients cited themselves as the most frequent source of information for their preventive self‐care actions, then physicians, and last nurses. This clearly emphasizes the need for public health nurses to become more active in facilitating outpatient self‐care activities, since scheduled contact with health care professionals occurs only once every three weeks.
The Health Fair: An Effective Approach to Health Promotion?
Authors: Clark Mary Jo 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe health fair is an approach used to educate the public with regard to health promotion and illness prevention. The professional literature describes the organization of a health fair and the need to evaluate its effects. Relatively little has been written that deals specifically with the effects of a health fair in terms of impact on knowledge and client behavior. The health‐belief model provides a framework for investigating the effectiveness of such a fair as a vehicle for changing health behaviors by providing information and serving as a cue to action.An evaluation of a women's health day program on a large military base indicated that health fairs are effective in terms of dissemination of information and intent to change behavior. A questionnaire examined the extent of health knowledge and behaviors practiced by participants. A significant difference between pretest and posttest scores for knowledge was noted. A majority of respondents also indicated their intent to change from health‐damaging to health‐promoting behaviors.
Clara Louise Maass: Heroine or Martyr of Public Health?
Authors: Herrmann Eleanor Krohn 
Published: May 2007

AbstractClara Louise Maass had a brief career that culminated in her participation in a fatal yellow fever experiment. For making this choice, she has been called a hero and a martyr. For her lifelong devotion to nursing the ill and her selfless assistance in determining the etiology of yellow fever, her memory has been accorded many honors.
Graduate Education in Public Health Nursing: Evaluation and Recommendations
Authors: Ray Dixie W. , Flynn Beverly C. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA survey was conducted of graduates of ten public health nursing master's degree programs that support the aggregate approach to public health nursing. Topics included activities related to the aggregate focus, demographic and employment characteristics, job satisfaction, and reasons for selecting positions. There was a high level of employment among the respondents, and they tended to be satisfied with their jobs. They worked in diverse settings and held positions ranging from staff nurse to top administrator. Although the graduates performed aggregate focus activities in any setting, there were differences in level of performance among persons in the different types of positions. Based on analysis of the data, recommendations are made in areas of graduate programs, graduates, and employers and communities.
Folk Healing Among Hispanic Americans
Authors: Gomez Gerda E. , Gomez Efrain A. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractNumerous Hispanics of low socioeconomic status come from the countryside of underdeveloped countries to the industrialized cities of the United States. Because they are becoming the largestminority in this country, health professionals should be aware of their cultural differences when evaluating or treating them to eliminate the risk of misinterpreting non only their symptoms but their response to treatment.
The Hazards of Migrant Farm Work: An Overview for Rural Public Health Nurses
Authors: Smith Kathleen Guest 
Published: May 2007

AbstractRural public health nurses who provide services for migrant farm workers may lack knowledge of the scope of the health problems of these laborers. Hazards include injuries due to the use of implements and machinery, exposure to diseases of environmental and infectious origin, pesticide exposure, and social and psychologic problems. The implications for public health nursing intervention can be outlined using a population‐focused approach. Nursing interventions can be effective at local, state, and national levels.
Infant Weaning Patterns and Related Maternal‐Infant Health Outcomes
Authors: Campbell Nayna Duff , Soeken Karen L. , Rankin Elizabeth A. D. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe prospectively investigated the weaning practices and fertility and birth control patterns of 95 educated, middle‐class, urban‐suburban, married, North American women in the year after the birth of their first child. Mothers recruited from childbirth classes responded to questions about their infant feeding and contraceptive practices during that year. Eighty‐nine percent (n = 85) of the infants were initially breast fed, and the mean age of weaning for the 63 infants who had been weaned by 58 weeks was 26.9 weeks. The pattern of weaning was described, including the introduction of solid foods, food‐related infant illness, and reasons for weaning. Although 70 percent of the mothers reported using artificial contraception, their fertility rate was higher than that reported for third‐world women using only breast feeding as conception control. The data suggest that later weaning, even in this relatively affluent group, may result in direct contraceptive and physical benefits to the health of women and infants. The findings also suggest that the influence of health care practitioners on infant feeding practices may be as great as the influence of cultural values or material resources.
Comparison of the Clinical Practice of a Geriatric Nurse Practitioner and Two Internists
Authors: McDowell B. Joan , Martin David C. , Snustad Diane G. , Flynn William 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe need to provide effective and cost‐efficient health care for the nation's elderly has resulted in the use of geriatric nurse practitioners (GNP) in a variety of settings. To evaluate the effectiveness of quality of the care provided by these clinicians and two internist geriatricians; a retrospective review of 800 patients followed over 6 to 24 months at a geriatric ambulatory care center was undertaken. Marked similarities were noted for both groups of patients. Both had a median age of 75 years, the majority were female and widowed. The most common diagnosis for both groups was dementia. In spite of their many problems, a large majority of all patients remained in the community at the end of 6 to 24 months of follow‐up care. This study suggests that with physician back‐up, GNPs can provide the elderly with high‐quality and cost‐efficient health care comparable to that of internist geriatricians.
A Health‐awareness Program for Elementary School Teachers
Authors: Chen Shu‐Pi C. , Rose Dephane A. , Chen Edwin H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe health‐awareness program conducted by school nurses was an in‐service program for elementary school teachers. Effects of the program on the teachers' referrals, school nurses' management of referrals, and pupils' absence patterns were studied. Four pairs of schools participated; one pair each for schools with predominantly white and Hispanic students and two pairs for mostly black students. The schools in each pair were matched by predominant enrollment of pupils' race or ethnicity and randomly assigned to the experimental or control group. Referrals for pupil health services form and Pupil's daily class attendance record were used as instruments. Results showed that (1) the program significantly increased referral rates, (2) in seven of the eight schools at least 50 percent of reported health problems remained unsolved by the end of the 1982–1983 school year, and (3) the program had little impact on absence patterns. Collaboration between teachers and nurses played a key role in the success of the health‐awareness program.
Use of the Public Health Nursing Bag Reexamined
Authors: Posey Sharon C. , Aaltonen Pamela M. , DePalma Ruth A. , Femea Paul 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA stratified random sample of 104 NLN‐accredited baccalaureate schools was surveyed regarding use of standard public health nursing bags by students in public health nursing courses. Return rate was 60 percent. Results indicated 66 percent of responding schools used public health nursing bags (Henry Street type) when students provided home care. It can be concluded that teaching of bag technique continues to be an applicable component of many nursing education programs despite rumors to the contrary.
Use of an Inner‐city Well‐baby Clinic
Authors: Dawkins Cecilia E. , Ervin Naomi E. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis prospective, longitudinal investigation examined factors that influenced the use of well‐baby services among a low‐income, minority, high‐risk group. The health belief model was used as the theoretical framework. Data were collected from 44 primiparous, black mothers attending an urban maternal child health care clinic by interviews at the first and sixth months after the birth of their infants. Analysis focused on the cues component of the model and explored the kinds of cues that influenced the mothers to bring their babies to the well‐baby clinic. One important finding was that for mothers influenced by health information from radio or television, FYI commercials on television were most often reported.
Documenting the Effect and Cost of Public Health Nursing Field Services
Authors: Oda Dorothy S. , Boyd Peggy 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWith the current economic trend toward limiting programs, public health nurses must define their services and examine the cost effectiveness of their actions or interventions to maintain fiscal support. Prevention‐oriented field nursing service is difficult to measure in relation to outcome and cost due to its qualitative nature and location in bureaucratic systems. The experience of a pilot study involving public health nurse activity in a federal preventive health program for children suggested steps for documentating impact and costs.
A Comparative Analysis of Neuman's Model Using the Individual and Family as the Units of Care
Authors: Ross Margaret M. , Helmer Helen 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis paper identifies the similarities and differences between nursing an individual as client and nursing a family as client when one uses the Betty Neuman systems model as a guide to practice. Several factors contribute to the decision to initiate an individual‐ or a family‐centered approach. Within the context of the Neuman systems model, a clinical situation illustrates several characteristics that highlight features of the two approaches.
Toward Healthy Aging: A Theory for Community Health Nursing
Authors: Boyle Joyceen S. , Counts Mona M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn this research project we explored beliefs about healthy aging in an Appalachian community. A major goal was to develop theory for community health nursing interventions that promote and maintain health during the aging process. A convenience sample of 105 community informants responded to an open‐ended interview schedule that elicited beliefs and values of health and aging. The data were analyzed for the purpose of producing grounded theory; a major category that emerged portrayed the aging process as a collection of attitudes about oneself. Health was described as feeling good and being able to enjoy life. The informants reported that health is maintained by good nutrition, exercise, and an environment that is safe and promotes individual growth and development. A beginning theory of independence through self‐care and client involvement emerged from the data analysis. A second component of the theory suggested that to promote healthy aging, nursing interventions should be directed toward aggregate populations. Nursing interventions that are grounded in the understanding of cultural beliefs and practices are likely to be more beneficial to clients than those that ignore or displace such beliefs and practices. This theory has the potential of being extended to a variety of settings.
Enhancing Nursing Productivity: A Social Psychologic Perspective
Authors: Hernandez S. Robert , Kaluzny Arnold D. , Parker Barnett , Chae Young Moon , Brewington Janice R. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA major determinant of organizational productivity is the design of structures and processes within a functioning organization. Research has focused on structures that contribute to productivity, but has given much less attention to the processes that occur particularly in health service organizations. We examined the relationships of organizational process and productivity in 20 nursing work groups in a sample of local health departments in North Carolina. Analysis focused on level of organizational climate (communication flow, decision‐making practices, motivational conditions, concern for human resources), leadership behaviors, and quality of group interactions. The relationships of these processes to productivity (number of services produced per unit of staff time available) across a series of major departmental services were evaluated, together with implications of findings for strategies to improve the functioning of nursing work groups.
Description and Analysis of Preadmission Screening
Authors: Lathrop Laura , Corcoran Sheila , Ryden Muriel 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe practice of screening applicants for nursing home admission to determine whether less restrictive residential settings are possible is growing as states attempt to limit costs of Medicaid expenditures for long‐term care. Preadmission screening (PAS) is a repetitive task conducted under conditions of complexity and uncertainty. Extensive knowledge and skills are required to make recommendations concerning appropriate residences for elderly persons that match their needs with available services while assuring their autonomy, as well as that of their families. We used task analysis to explicate the specific task characteristics and the knowledge and skill requirements for successful PAS.
A Quiet Day: A Peep at Some of the Varied Homes Visited by a District Nurse in the Course of One “Quiet Day”
Authors: Young Edith E. 
Published: May 2007

Historical ReprintIn 1923 when this article first appeared in the February issue of THE PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE it was fairly common for board members to go with a public health nurse on her rounds for a day. Many agencies today would welcome the same opportunity but unfortunately the volunteer board member has less time available for this inside look into an agency. We may smile at the datedness of some of the descriptions but we will be quickly reminded that much of what was practiced then is practiced today. Read and enjoy!The author of this piece was a member of the nursing committee, Public Health Nursing Department, The United Workers of Norwich, Connecticut.Ruth N. Knollmueller
Evaluating Nursing Productivity in Child Health
Authors: Clark Mary Jo , Conway Marian , Hudson Nancy 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAs nurses are increasingly concerned with assessing and improving their productivity in a variety of settings, they must make systematic use of an evaluation model. The Discrepancy Evaluation Model (DEM) was used to evaluate the productivity of nurses in child health clinics in five centers in the southeastern United States. The first step in any evaluation is to identify standards against which performance can be measured. In this project, no standards were available, and creating them was the first task. Standards for productivity in child health were developed that accounted for differences in clients and the experience level of nurses, while maintaining quality of care. They were situation specific and allowed for the constraints operating in each of the five centers. Discrepancies between the standards and observed performance were identified and underlying factors examined, resulting in a number of recommendations that could streamline the provision of services and improve nursing productivity. The evaluation process can be applied to public health nursing services in a variety of settings.
The Homeless Experience: Clinic Building in a Community Health Discovery‐Learning Project
Authors: Turner Saundra L. , Bauer Geraldine , McNair Evelyn , McNutt Brenda , Walker Wanda 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe concept of discovery learning is exemplified in this account of four students and their instructor who began and developed a nurse‐run clinic for the homeless in a community health project. The students were registered nurses returning for their bachelor's degrees. They experienced frustration at learning the difference between care based on their assessments of patients' needs and care geared to clients' assessments of desired interventions. The journals that they kept reveal self‐discovery as well as new respect for other humans. In addition, a new type of community care emerged, which gives all indications of surviving.
Evaluation of a Worksite Wellness Program: Impact on Exercise, Weight, Smoking, and Stress
Authors: Blank Sherman Jacqueline , Clark Lauren , McEwen Marylyn M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of a wellness program at the workplace in relation to its impact on exercise, weight, smoking, and stress of the employee participants. A quasi‐experimental design was selected in which data were collected at three specific intervals: before and immediately after program completion, and three months after program completion. The sample consisted of experimental and control groups. Persons (n = 59) who did participate in the wellness program made up the experimental group, and those (n = 49) who did not participate in the wellness program served as controls. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. No significant differences were noted between participants and nonparticipants in the areas of exercise, weight, smoking, and stress between the initial evaluation and after completing the wellness program. The areas of stress reduction and increased exercise were emphasized more in the participants than the nonparticipants, however.
Constructs of Health Promotion and Wellness in a Salvadoran Population
Authors: Boyle Joyceen S. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractTheoretical frameworks are necessary to clarify concepts of health promotion in diverse groups, as nursing interventions must be shaped to fit populations' cultural and health profiles. This study explored health‐promoting beliefs and practices of a group of Salvadoran refugees. Data were collected through the use of ethnographic methods, including focused and open‐ended interviews as well as participant observations. Four major constructs of health promotion were derived from the literature and used to operationalize the concept of health promotion as a basis for the interview questions; these constructs were nutrition and weight control, exercise and physical fitness, stress management, and social support and help. The 53 subjects described beliefs and practices about health promotion that were relevant in their daily lives. Theoretical constructs, inductively developed from the data, suggested that complex constellations of family, supportive friends, religious affiliations, and work opportunities enhanced well‐being. Personal health practices related to fresh air, sleep, and good nutritional practices were deemed important by the informants. Nurses who understand the community and can obtain access to resources and develop individual care strategies within the context of the family are likely to promote wellness and health functioning in this population.
Rebuilding Public Health Nursing Practice: A Canadian Perspective
Authors: Yiu Matuk Lucia C. K. , Horsburgh Martha E. Chadwell 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAlthough the importance of preventive services has been emphasized in Canada, the status of public health nursing appears to be in jeopardy. Major challenges confront the profession, and certain strategies may help to rebuild it as a broad‐based nursing specialty.