bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the effect of the Round Table on Responsible Soy certification on soybean exports
Authors: Chen Yuquan , Fiankor Dela‐Dem Doe , Tan Fuli 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo minimise the negative ecological effects of soybean production, multi‐stakeholders along the global soybean supply chain collaborated to develop, implement and verify a global certification standard called the Round Table on Responsible Soy (RTRS). RTRS certification is almost a quasi‐mandatory sustainability standard; however, its potential trade effects remain poorly understood. Using a structural gravity model that exploits country variations in RTRS‐certified production volumes and certified land areas, we assess the effect of RTRS certification on soybean trade flows. We show that RTRS certification reduces trade flows, especially exports to non‐OECD countries. In essence, developing countries experience lower imports in response to standards than do developed countries. Thus, reconciling international trade with environmental sustainability goals remains a challenge.
Export competition between China and Latin America and the Caribbean in the United States market
Authors: Welslau Lennard , Artecona Raquel , Perrotti Daniel E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe investigate export competition between China and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) in the United States market between 2002 and 2022. Using a sample of 33 exporters and 10‐digit Harmonised Tariff Schedule (HS) level trade data, we estimate a structural gravity model using an instrumental variable constructed from Chinese exports to eight other industrialised nations. We use a first‐order Taylor‐series expansion à la Baier and Bergstrand (Journal of International Economics, 2009a, 77, 77) to approximate the multilateral price terms pointed out by Anderson and Van Wincoop (American Economic Review, 2003, 93, Article 1). The results show that the impact of Chinese exports on United States imports from LAC is negative and statistically significant across several model specifications, levels of aggregation, and sectors. A percentage increase in imports from China decreased imports from LAC by ca. 0.75%. The displacement effect is ca. 0.32 for manufacturing products, 1.01 for resource‐based products, 1.33 when estimated only for South America, 0.25 for the Caribbean, and not significant for Central America.
Export controls and innovation performance: Unravelling the complex relationship between blacklisted Chinese firms and U.S. suppliers
Authors: Anwar Sajid , Hu Beibei , Luan Qiao , Wang Kai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExport controls are crucial for protecting domestic economic interests globally. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding their impact on innovation performance. This study contributes to the literature by examining the effects of the U.S. entity list on the innovation performance of blacklisted Chinese firms and related industries, as well as the reverse shock on U.S. suppliers. Using propensity score matching and a difference‐in‐differences approach, we found that export controls stimulate technological innovation in blacklisted firms and generate industry‐wide spillover effects in the sanctioned country. Particularly, firms heavily reliant on imports from the United States and those solely dependent on China's domestic market experience significant effects. However, export controls have a negative impact on the innovation performance of U.S. suppliers. We examine the mechanisms driving these effects, including government grants, R&D investment and firm performance. Our work offers valuable insights into the complex relationship between export controls and innovation performance, highlighting the differentiated impacts on blacklisted firms, related industries and U.S. suppliers.
Characterization of differences in immune responses during bolus and continuous infusion endotoxin challenges using mathematical modelling
Authors: Windoloski Kristen A. , Janum Susanne , Berg Ronan M. G. , Olufsen Mette S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEndotoxin administration is commonly used to study the inflammatory response, and though traditionally given as a bolus injection, it can be administered as a continuous infusion over multiple hours. Several studies hypothesize that the latter better represents the prolonged and pronounced inflammation observed in conditions like sepsis. Yet very few experimental studies have administered endotoxin using both strategies, leaving significant gaps in determining the underlying mechanisms responsible for their differing immune responses. We used mathematical modelling to analyse cytokine data from two studies administering a 2 ng kg−1 dose of endotoxin, one as a bolus and the other as a continuous infusion over 4 h. Using our model, we simulated the dynamics of mean and subject‐specific cytokine responses as well as the response to long‐term endotoxin administration. Cytokine measurements revealed that the bolus injection led to significantly higher peaks for interleukin (IL)‐8, while IL‐10 reaches higher peaks during continuous administration. Moreover, the peak timing of all measured cytokines occurred later with continuous infusion. We identified three model parameters that significantly differed between the two administration methods. Monocyte activation of IL‐10 was greater during the continuous infusion, while tumour necrosis factor and IL‐8 recovery rates were faster for the bolus injection. This suggests that a continuous infusion elicits a stronger, longer‐lasting systemic reaction through increased stimulation of monocyte anti‐inflammatory mediator production and decreased recovery of pro‐inflammatory catalysts. Furthermore, the continuous infusion model exhibited prolonged inflammation with recurrent peaks resolving within 2 days during long‐term (20–32 h) endotoxin administration.
Experimental Investigation on the Aerodynamic Instability Process of a High-Speed Axial-Centrifugal Compressor
Authors: Li Jiaan , Wang Baotong , Zheng Xuedong , Wang Zhiheng , Zheng Xinqian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aerodynamic instability plays an important role in compressor design and may cause performance degradation and fatigue damage. In this paper, an experimental study on the evolution of aerodynamic instability is carried out on a compressor that combines the performance benefits of an axial stage and centrifugal stage. The spatiotemporal characteristics of unsteady wall pressure were obtained using fast-responding pressure transducers over a range of operating conditions. The results show that the axial stage works on the positive slope of the performance characteristic curve from choke to stall at low-speed operating conditions, and mainly features rotating instability. Rotating stall is also observed in the impeller (IMP) and diffuser passages. At medium-speed operating conditions, the centrifugal stage suffers a high-frequency mild surge, alternating with rotating stall. With the increase in back pressure, the mild surge diminishes, and rotating stall persists. This behavior is similar to a two-regime-surge, which has been reported for centrifugal compressors. At high-speed operating conditions, the compressor directly reaches surge without other instabilities. Further analysis of the spatial pattern of the rotating stall revealed the existence of a high-pressure region near the volute tongue, resulting in obvious pressure distortion along the circumferential direction at the volute inlet. This induced the amplitude difference of stall cells in corresponding diffuser passages. The disturbance caused by stall cells propagates upstream through the blade passage, and the largest pressure disturbance induced by the stall cell propagation appears in a circumferential position 45 deg downstream of the volute tongue at the impeller inlet and the axial stage inlet.
Primary Resonance in a Weakly Forced Oscillator With Both Parametric Damping and Stiffness
Authors: Ardister Jamal , Afzali Fatemeh , Feeny Brian F. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We study the primary resonance of a parametrically damped Mathieu equation with direct excitation. Potential applications include wind-turbine blade vibration with cyclic stiffening and aeroelastic effects, which may induce parametric damping, and devices with designed cyclic damping for resonance manipulation. The parametric stiffness, parametric damping, and the direct forcing all have the same excitation frequency, with phase parameters between these excitation sources. The parametric amplification at primary resonance is examined by applying the second-order method of multiple scales. With parametric stiffness and direct excitation, it is known that there is a primary parametric resonance that is an amplifier under most excitation phases, but can be a slight suppressor in a small range of phases. The parametric damping is shown to interact with the parametric stiffness to further amplify, or suppress, the resonance amplitude relative to the resonance under parametric stiffness. The effect of parametric damping without parametric stiffness is to shift the resonant frequency slightly, while inducing less significant resonance amplification. The phase of the parametric damping excitation, relative to the parametric stiffness, has a strong influence on the amplification or suppression characteristics. There are optimal phases of both the direct excitation and the parametric damping for amplifying or suppressing the resonance. The effect of the strength of parametric damping is also studied. Numerical simulations validate the perturbation analysis.
Heat and Mass Transfer Model for a Counter-Flow Moving Packed-Bed Oxidation Reactor/Heat Exchanger
Authors: Mishra Ashreet , Korba David , Zhao Jian , Li Like 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Particle-based thermochemical energy storage (TCES) through metal oxide redox cycling is advantageous compared to traditional sensible and latent heat storage (SHS and LHS) due to its higher operating temperature and energy density, and the capability for long-duration storage. However, overall system performance also depends on the efficiency of the particle-to-working fluid heat exchangers (HXs). Moving packed-bed particle-to-supercritical CO2 (sCO2) HXs have been extensively studied in SHS systems. Integrating the oxidation reactor (OR) for discharging with a particle-to-sCO2 HX is a natural choice, for which detailed analysis is needed for OR/HX design and operation. In this work, a 2D continuum heat and mass transfer model coupling transport phenomena and reaction kinetics is developed for a shell-and-plate moving-bed OR/HX. For the baseline design, the model predicted ∼75% particle bed extent of oxidation at the channel exit, yielding a total heat transfer rate of 16.71 kW for 1.0 m2 heat transfer area per channel, while the same design with inert particles (SHS only) gives only 4.62 kW. A parametric study was also conducted to evaluate the effects of particle, air, and sCO2 flowrates, channel height and width, and average particle diameters. It is found that the respective heat transfer rate and sCO2 outlet temperature can approach ∼25 kW and &gt;1000 °C for optimized designs for the OR/HX. The present model will be valuable for further OR/HX design, scale-up, and optimization of operating conditions.
Adaptive Batch Sampling Strategy for the Hundreds-Dimensional Aerodynamic Optimization of the Centrifugal Impeller
Authors: Ji Cheng , Wang Zhiheng , Xi Guang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In recent years, in order to achieve higher performance, the number of design variables used in the aerodynamic optimization of turbomachinery (based on surrogate models) has increased significantly. However, the increase in the design dimensions brings the problems of sparse distribution of training samples and numerous inaccurate local optima to the surrogate model, making it difficult to obtain an accurate Pareto front in high-dimensional aerodynamic optimization. To solve this, adaptive batch sampling strategy (ABSS) is proposed in this paper. By searching numerous local optimum points with large prediction errors in the surrogate model, ABSS can provide batches of valuable samples for each iterative update of the model. Compared with the current model update strategy based on the best point, which requires hundreds or thousands of iterative model updates, ABSS only needs to go through a few model updates to make the predicted Pareto front close to the real one. ABSS not only greatly shortens the whole optimization time, but also makes it easier to jump out of the local optima for the optimization. Based on this, a 114-dimensional aerodynamic optimization of the full three-dimensional centrifugal impeller (including arbitrary blade surfaces, independent splitter surfaces, and non-axisymmetric hub surfaces) is carried out. The results show that, compared with the baseline impeller, the design point isentropic stage efficiency of the optimal impeller is increased by 2.1%, the design point pressure ratio is well controlled to 1.84, and the choke margin is increased by 9.2%. This research breaks through the largest number of variables in the current centrifugal impeller optimization, proposes the optimization methods of the full-3D centrifugal impeller, and also provides a reference for the future high-dimensional aerodynamic optimization of turbomachinery.
Shoulder External Over Internal Rotation Ratio Is Related to Biomechanics in Collegiate Baseball Pitching
Authors: Stokes Hannah L. , Eaton Koco , Zheng Naiquan 
Published: March 2024

Altering baseball pitching mechanics affects both performance and the risk of injury. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships of shoulder external over internal rotation ratio (SEIR) and other shoulder rotational properties during physical exam and biomechanics of pitching for 177 collegiate baseball pitchers. The shoulder range of motion was quantitatively measured using a custom-made wireless device. Pitching motion data were collected at 240 Hz, and a custom program was created to calculate the throwing arm motion and loading during baseball pitching. Linear regression and analysis of variance tests were performed to investigate the relationships between the shoulder physical exam outcomes and throwing arm biomechanics. SEIR had significant correlations with shoulder horizontal adduction angle at foot contact, maximum shoulder external rotation angle, maximum shoulder linear velocity, and elbow angle at ball release. SEIR groups had significant differences in shoulder proximal force, adduction torque, internal rotation torque, and horizontal adduction torque, and in elbow medial force and varus torque. Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit and total rotational motion deficit had no relationships with throwing arm motions or joint loadings. Shoulder health should be monitored to improve understanding of pitching mechanics in collegiate baseball pitchers.
Targeted sequencing from cerebrospinal fluid for rapid identification of drug-resistant tuberculous meningitis
Authors: Tram Trinh Thi Bich , Trieu Le Pham Tien , Nhat Le Thanh Hoang , Thu Do Dang Anh , Quang Nguyen Le , Bang Nguyen Duc , Chau Tran Thi Hong , Thwaites Guy E. , Walker Timothy M. , Ha Vu Thi Ngoc , Thuong Nguyen Thuy Thuong 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Mortality from tuberculous meningitis (TBM) remains around 30%, with most deaths occurring within 2 months of starting treatment. Mortality from drug-resistant strains is higher still, making early detection of drug resistance (DR) essential. Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) produces high read depths, allowing the detection of DR-associated alleles with low frequencies. We applied Deeplex Myc-TB—a tNGS assay—to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 72 adults with microbiologically confirmed TBM and compared its genomic drug susceptibility predictions to a composite reference standard of phenotypic susceptibility testing (pDST) and whole genome sequencing, as well as to clinical outcomes. Deeplex detected
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
complex DNA in 24/72 (33.3%) CSF samples and generated full DR reports for 22/24 (91.7%). The read depth generated by Deeplex correlated with semi-quantitative results from MTB/RIF Xpert. Alleles with <20% frequency were seen at canonical loci associated with first-line DR. Disregarding these low-frequency alleles, Deeplex had 100% concordance with the composite reference standard for all drugs except pyrazinamide and streptomycin. Three patients had positive CSF cultures after 30 days of treatment; reference tests and Deeplex identified isoniazid resistance in two, and Deeplex alone identified low-frequency rifampin resistance alleles in one. Five patients died, of whom one had pDST-identified pyrazinamide resistance. tNGS on CSF can rapidly and accurately detect drug-resistant TBM, but its application is limited to those with higher bacterial loads. In those with lower bacterial burdens, alternative approaches need to be developed for both diagnosis and resistance detection.
SQSTM1 downregulates avian metapneumovirus subgroup C replication via mediating selective autophagic degradation of viral M2-2 protein
Authors: Guo Jinshuo , Shi Yongyan , Jiang Genghong , Zeng Penghui , Wu Zhi , Wang Dedong , Cui Yongqiu , Yang Xiaoyu , Zhou Jianwei , Feng Xufei , Hou Lei , Liu Jue 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Avian metapneumovirus subgroup C (aMPV/C), an important pathogen causing acute respiratory infection in chickens and turkeys, contributes to substantial economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. aMPV/C has been reported to induce autophagy, which is beneficial to virus replication. Sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1/P62), a selective autophagic receptor, plays a crucial role in viral replication by clearing ubiquitinated proteins. However, the relationship between SQSTM1-mediated selective autophagy and aMPV/C replication is unclear. In this study, we found that the expression of SQSTM1 negatively regulates aMPV/C replication by reducing viral protein expression and viral titers. Further studies revealed that the interaction between SQSTM1 and aMPV/C M2-2 protein is mediated via the Phox and Bem1 (PB1) domain of the former, which recognizes a ubiquitinated lysine at position 67 of the M2-2 protein, and finally degrades M2-2 via SQSTM1-mediated selective autophagy. Collectively, our results reveal that SQSTM1 degrades M2-2 via a process of selective autophagy to suppress aMPV/C replication, thereby providing novel insights for the prevention and control of aMPV/C infection.

IMPORTANCE
The selective autophagy plays an important role in virus replication. As an emerging pathogen of avian respiratory virus, clarification of the effect of SQSTM1, a selective autophagic receptor, on aMPV/C replication in host cells enables us to better understand the viral pathogenesis. Previous study showed that aMPV/C infection reduced the SQSTM1 expression accompanied by virus proliferation, but the specific regulatory mechanism between them was still unclear. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that SQSTM1 recognizes the 67th amino acid of M2-2 protein by the interaction between them, followed by M2-2 degradation via the SQSTM1-mediated selective autophagy, and finally inhibits aMPV/C replication. This information supplies the mechanism by which SQSTM1 negatively regulates viral replication, and provides new insights for preventing and controlling aMPV/C infection.
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Thrombolysis Resistance: New Insights for Targeting Therapies
Authors: Mengozzi Luca , Barison Ilaria , Malý Martin , Lorenzoni Giulia , Fedrigo Marny , Castellani Chiara , Gregori Dario , Malý Petr , Matěj Radoslav , Toušek Petr , Widimský Petr , Angelini Annalisa 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
Thrombosis is linked to neutrophil release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are proposed as a mechanism of resistance to thrombolysis. This study intends to analyze the composition of thrombi retrieved after mechanical thrombectomy, estimate the age and organization of thrombi, and evaluate associations with the use of thrombolysis, antiplatelets, and heparin.

METHODS:
This retrospective observational study involved 72 samples (44 from cerebral and 28 coronary arteries), which were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, anti-NE (neutrophil elastase) antibody, and anti-histone H2B (histone H2B) antibody, representing different components in NET formation, all detectable during the later stages of NETosis, for histochemical and digital quantification of NET content. The histological and morphological evaluations of the specimens were correlated, through univariate and mediation analyses, with clinical information and therapy administered before intervention.

RESULTS:

The results demonstrated that the composition of cerebral and coronary thrombi differs, and there were significantly more lytic cerebral thrombi than coronary thrombi (66% versus 14%;
P
=0.005). There was a considerably higher expression of NETs in the cerebral thrombi as testified by the higher expression of H2B (
P
=0.031). Thrombolysis was remarkably associated with higher NE positivity (average marginal effect, 6.461 [95% CI, 0.7901–12.13];
P
=0.02555), regardless of the origin of thrombi. There was no notable association between the administration of antiaggregant therapy/heparin and H2B/NE amount when adjusted for the thrombus location. Importantly, the age of the thrombus was the only independent predictor of NET content without any mediation of the thrombolytic treatment (
P
=0.014).

CONCLUSIONS:
The age of the thrombus is the driving force for NET content, which correlates with impaired clinical outcomes. The therapy that is currently administered does not modify NET content. This study supports the need to investigate new pharmacological approaches added to thrombolysis to prevent NET formation or enhance their disruption, such as recombinant human DNase I (deoxyribonuclease I).
Applying a Context-based Method to Build a Knowledge Graph for the Blue Amazon
Authors: Ligabue Pedro de Moraes , Brandão Anarosa Alves Franco , Peres Sarajane Marques , Cozman Fabio Gagliardi , Pirozelli Paulo 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Knowledge graphs are employed in several tasks, such as question answering and recommendation systems, due to their ability to represent relationships between concepts. Automatically constructing such a graphs, however, remains an unresolved challenge within knowledge representation. To tackle this challenge, we propose CtxKG, a method specifically aimed at extracting knowledge graphs in a context of limited resources in which the only input is a set of unstructured text documents. CtxKG is based on OpenIE (a relationship triple extraction method) and BERT (a language model) and contains four stages: the extraction of relationship triples directly from text; the identification of synonyms across triples; the merging of similar entities; and the building of bridges between knowledge graphs of different documents. Our method distinguishes itself from those in the current literature (i) through its use of the parse tree to avoid the overlapping entities produced by base implementations of OpenIE; and (ii) through its bridges, which create a connected network of graphs, overcoming a limitation similar methods have of one isolated graph per document. We compare our method to two others by generating graphs for movie articles from Wikipedia and contrasting them with benchmark graphs built from the OMDb movie database. Our results suggest that our method is able to improve multiple aspects of knowledge graph construction. They also highlight the critical role that triple identification and named-entity recognition have in improving the quality of automatically generated graphs, suggesting future paths for investigation. Finally, we apply CtxKG to build BlabKG, a knowledge graph for the Blue Amazon, and discuss possible improvements.