bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glacier Lake Detection Utilizing Remote Sensing Integration with Satellite Imagery and Advanced Deep Learning Methods
Authors: Sharma Anita , Prakash Chander , Thakur Divyansh 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The Himalayan glaciers are extremely susceptible to global climate change, leading to substantial glacial retreat, the creation and expansion of glacial lakes, and a rise in GLOFs.These alterations have changed the patterns of river flow and moved the borders of glaciers, resulting in significant socio-economic damages. Accurately monitoring glacial lakes is essential for managing GLOF events and evaluating the effects of climate change on the cryosphere. This study utilizes a Deep Learning-based U-net technique to extract glacial lakes from Landsat-8 satellite imagery by propagating characteristics and minimizing information loss. The method improves the importance given to glacial lakes, reduces the influence of low contrast, and handles different pixel categories. We apply this methodology to the Chandra-Bhaga basin, Himachal Pradesh located in NW Indian Himalaya, and successfully extract 107 glacial lakes. The U-net model attains an accuracy of 97.32%, precision of 95.98%, recall of 95.23%, and an IoU of 97.45% during validation with high-resolution photos from Google Earth and a digital elevation model. The suggested approach could be beneficial for precise and effective monitoring of glacial lakes in different areas, assisting in the management of natural disasters and offering vital information on the effects of climate change on the cryosphere.
The incidence and severity of pediatric injuries sustained by electric bikes and powered scooters - the experience of an urban, tertiary pediatric emergency department
Authors: Moati Seraj , Tavor Oren , Capua Tali , Sukhotnik Igor , Glatstein Miguel , Rimon Ayelet , Cohen Neta 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose: To describe the incidence and severity of electrical bicycle- (E-bike) and power scooter (P-scooter)-related injuries and their secular trends among pediatric patients presenting to a pediatric emergency department (ED).
Methods: This retrospective cohort study of patients aged <18 years who sustained E-bike and P-scooter injuries was performed between 2018 and 2023. We explored trends of severe trauma cases, ED visits, hospitalizations, and surgical interventions. Severity of trauma was rated by either an injury severity score (ISS) >15 or the patient’s need for acute care as defined by intensive care unit (ICU) admission, direct disposition to the operating room, acute interventions performed in the trauma room, and in-hospital death.
Results: Of the 1,467 pediatric patients who presented to our pediatric ED following P-scooter and E-bike injuries, 217 (14.8%) were hospitalized, with a median age 14.0 years (interquartile range 10.5–16.0), and male predominance (69.1%). The number of ED visits increased 3.5-fold by study closure, with a parallel increase in hospitalizations, surgical interventions, and severe trauma cases. The relative percentages of severe trauma cases were not significantly different over time, but the mean length of stay in the ICU and the mean number of ventilation days increased significantly during the late period (p=0.02, and p=0.04, respectively). Among hospitalized patients, 3 patients (1.4%) died and 8 (3.7%) required rehabilitation care.
Conclusions: The incidence and severity of E-bike and P-scooter injuries and fatalities continue to increase within the pediatric population. Current personal and road safety regulations are failing to alleviate and prevent these injuries and require urgent revision and enforcement.
The importance of geographic and sociodemographic aspects in the characterization of mucopolysaccharidoses: a case series from Ceará state (Northeast Brazil)
Authors: Santos Augusto , Mariath Luiza Monteavaro , Trapp Franciele , Facchin Ana Carolina Brusius , Leistner-Segal Sandra , Kubaski Francyne , Giugliani Roberto , Schuler-Faccini Lavinia , Ribeiro Erlane Marques 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Geographic and sociodemographic aspects may influence the natural history and epidemiology of mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS). In this case series, we have evaluated clinical and molecular data from 76 individuals with MPS from a region in Brazilian Northeast. MPS II was the most common type, with the most affected individuals presenting missense pathogenic variants. Patients with MPS I proved to be the most severe clinical phenotype, presenting the first symptoms (mean: 7.1 months; SD = 4.5) and being diagnosed earlier (2.2 years; SD = 2.1) in comparison with the other types. In addition, we have shown that 13 individuals with MPS VI were born of consanguineous marriages in small, nearby cities, in a place where geographical isolation, consanguinity, and clusters of genetic diseases were previously reported. Ten of these individuals (at least, seven different families) presented a rare pathogenic variant in the ARSB gene, c.1143-8T > G in homozygosity, previously reported only among Iberian and South American patients. We discuss the possible evolutionary processes and biosocial dynamics that can help to explain this finding in terms of population medical genetics and public health.
Exploring the Influence of Improved Horizontal Resolution on Extreme Precipitation in Southern Africa Major River Basins: Insights from CMIP6 HighResMIP Simulations
Authors: Samuel Sydney , Tsidu Gizaw Mengistu , Dosio Alessandro , Mphale Kgakgamatso 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study examines the impact of enhanced horizontal resolution on simulating mean and precipitation extremes in the major river basins of southern Africa. Seven global climate models (GCMs) from the High-Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP) within the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) are employed. The models are available at both high-resolution (HR) and low-resolution (LR) resolutions. Three datasets are used to assess the models for the period 1983-2014 during December-January-February. The distributions of daily precipitation from the HR models are nearly identical to those of their LR counterparts. However, the bias of intense daily precipitation is not uniform across the three observations. Most HR and LR models reasonably simulate mean precipitation, maximum consecutive dry days (CDD), and the number of rainy days (RR1), albeit with some biases. Improvements due to enhanced horizontal resolution are realised for mean precipitation, CDD, and RR1 as noted from high spatial correlation coefficients (SCCs), low root mean square errors, and biases. The CMIP6 HighResMIP models tend to overestimate very and extreme wet days (R95p and R99p), maximum one-day precipitation (Rx1day), and simple daily intensity (SDII) with a pronounced wet bias in HR models for R95p and R99p. Most HR models outperform their LR counterparts in simulating R95p, R99p, and SDII. Our results indicate that enhanced horizontal resolution under CMIP6 HighResMIP results in either improvements (e.g., increased SCC) or deterioration (e.g., decreased SCC), depending on precipitation extremes, river basin, and model. The findings of this study are important for both climate scientists and policymakers.
Targeting ACSS2 activity suspends the formation of chemoresistance through suppressed histone H3 acetylation in human breast cancer
Authors: Shui Xiaoxi , Tian Liying , Zhou Yuepeng , Zhao Baohua 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Histone hyperacetylation is a prevalent occurrence in neoplastic cells within tumors, arising from the coordinated interplay of various biological processes. This phenomenon relies on the robust modulation of gene expression to effectively adapt to environmental adaptations in response to spatial and temporal fluctuations. Histone hyperacetylation has been closely linked to the proliferation, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance of tumor cells. In this investigation, we substantiated the overexpression of the well-documented acetyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2) at both protein and mRNA levels in breast cancer (BC) cells derived from tumor tissues. Subsequent examinations unveiled that the heightened acetylation of histone H3 in BC cells under environmental stress is contingent upon the accumulation of ACSS2 and enhanced acetyl-CoA synthesis. Intriguingly, the augmentation of H3K9 and H3K27 acetylation (H3K9/K27ac) induced by nutrient stress, mediated by ACSS2, was primarily governed by the histone acetyltransferases (HATs) CBP/p300, with no significant association with conventional histone deacetylases (HDACs). Supplementation with an alternative carbon source, acetate, confirmed that targeted inhibition of ACSS2 mitigated the further elevation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, specifically ABC subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1/MDR1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2). These transporters reportedly play crucial roles in both energy metabolic homeostasis and the modulation of intracellular drug concentrations, driven by histone H3 hyperacetylation. Mechanistically, inhibitors of ACSS2 significantly mitigated the resistance of BC cells to doxorubicin and cisplatin, predominantly by reducing H3K27ac levels through the downregulation of nuclear acetyl-CoA content and constraining its binding to the promoters of MDR1 and BCRP. The poor overall survival of BC patients associated with high ACSS2 expression and its positive correlation with MDR1 and BCRP were further confirmed in human BC tumors. Consequently, histone acetylation induced by ACSS2 emerges as a promising epigenetic target for the treatment of BC.
Uncovering the Single-cell Transcriptomic Signatures and Pathogenesis of Mucosal-associated Invariant T cells during Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Zhang Leisheng , Xu Jing , You Xingjie , Huang Shixin , Xue Fenglin , Mou Tangwei , Wu Zihan , Wang Ao , Hu Yueyan , Qu Qiu , Gu Man , Fang Ting , Yin Jiajia , Mo Qiquan , He Huiping , Zeng Linran , Yang Yu , Wang Yongli , Sun Yang , Huang Hanfei , Yang Hongju 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
As an inflammatory subtype of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has turned into a major trigger of liver cirrhosis and liver-associated deaths worldwide. Longitudinal studies have indicated the T lymphocyte-associated immunodysfunction in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, yet the detailed information of the subsets including Mucosal-associated Invariant T (MAIT) cells in NASH is largely obscure.
Methods
In this study, we isolated peripheral blood-derived mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from NASH patients and healthy controls (HC), and dissected the single-cell transcriptomic signatures of immune cell sub-clusters and MAIT cells by conducting multifaceted bioinformatics analyses. Meanwhile, the distribution and expression of MAIT cells and the candidate biomarkers (e.g., GADD45B, STAT1, CCL4, RPL38) in liver tissues or PBMCs was identified by immunostaining (e.g., IHC, IF), qRT-PCR and western-blotting analysis. Additionally, the STAT1-mediated network in MAIT cell-related regulatory mechanism of NASH was explored as well.
Results
Compared to the HC group, NASH patients revealed multifaceted variations in the distribution of MAIT cells and the relative immune cells in PBMCs. In detail, MAIT cells were collectively accumulated in PBMCs and liver tissues of NASH patients, which revealed a distinct distribution pattern from the HC group according to the 7 sub-clusters. Of the indicated candidate biomarkers for clinical diagnosis, STAT1-T-bet axis served as the pathogenic mechanism of NASH via mediating MAIT cell differentiation and inflammatory response.
Conclusion
Overall, our data illuminated the single-cell transcriptomic signatures of MAIT cells and the concomitant sub-clusters in NASH patients. Our findings put forward the involvement of MAIT cells in NASH, which would benefit the further dissection of the MAIT cell-related pathogenesis and clinical diagnosis of NASH.
Certain investigations of linear, fractional varying DP within the framework of f(R, T) gravity
Authors: MISHRA R.K , Sharma Rahul 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This communication aims to discuss the interplay between cosmic acceleration and deceleration in the context of the f(R, T ) theory, along with different forms of deceleration parameters. The study encompasses the evolution of the universe's expansion rate concerning cosmic time, denoted as t . We have also derived solutions for the Einstein field equations (EFE) within the context of this study. The significant implications of the f(R, T ) theory concerning cosmic acceleration and deceleration have been explored. Furthermore, we have presented pictorial representations of key cosmological parameters. Additionally, we have tabulated the values of all cosmographic parameters for Model-I and Model-II. In the end, a comprehensive analysis, along with a tabulated form of all important cosmological parameters under the studied cases along with the standard ΛCDM model-have been presented.
Frequency of Endometrial Cancer Precursors Associated with Lynch Syndrome
Authors: Kennedy Kathryn , Gaertner-Otto Jennifer , Lim Eav 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective: To identify the rate of mismatch repair deficiency in women with endometrial hyperplasia compared with the rate in endometrial cancer.
Patients and Methods: A retrospective cohort pilot study was conducted to identify the frequency of mismatch repair deficiency in endometrial hyperplasia specimens, and compare to the known rate in endometrial cancer. A keyword search of the medical record at a single institution was performed to identify 1300 endometrial tissue blocks either from biopsy, curettage, or hysterectomy. After exclusion, cohort of 91 women with endometrial hyperplasia were included for analysis. Patient characteristics for both those with normal and abnormal MMR results were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher exact test. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to test for mismatch repair deficiency.
Results: Among the 91 women with known endometrial hyperplasia specimens who met inclusion criteria, 4 specimens exhibited mismatch repair deficiency. The observed rate of mismatch repair deficiency in hyperplasia (4.4%), was found to be significantly less than that of mismatch repair deficiency seen in endometrial cancer (25%, p< 0.0001).
Conclusions: Based on the data, dMMR is not identified at a similar rate in endometrial hyperplasia compared to endometrial cancer. Currently there is no rationale to recommend immunohistochemical staining for mismatch repair deficiency on hyperplasia specimens, and further investigation is recommended to advance screening guidelines for Lynch syndrome.
Magnetic anisotropy and GGG substrate stray field in YIG films down to millikelvin temperatures
Authors: Serha Rostyslav , Voronov Andrey , Schmoll David , Verba Roman , Levchenko Khrystyna , Koraltan Sabri , Davídková Kristýna , Budinska Barbora , Wang Qi , Dobrovolskiy Oleksandr , Urbánek Michal , Lindner Morris , Reimann Timmy , Dubs Carsten , Gonzalez-Ballestero Carlos , Abert Claas , Suess Dieter , Bozhko Dmytro , Knauer Sebastian , Chumak Andrii 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Quantum magnonics investigates the quantum-mechanical properties of magnons such as quantum coherence or entanglement for solid-state quantum information technologies at the nanoscale. The most promising material for quantum magnonics is the ferrimagnetic yttrium iron garnet (YIG), which hosts magnons with the longest lifetimes. YIG films of the highest quality are grown on a paramagnetic gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) substrate. The literature has reported that ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) frequencies of YIG/GGG decrease at temperatures below 50 K despite the increase in YIG magnetization. We investigated a 97 nm-thick YIG film grown on 500 µm-thick GGG substrate through a series of experiments conducted at temperatures as low as 30 mK, and using both analytical and numerical methods. Our findings suggest that the primary factor contributing to the FMR frequency shift is the stray magnetic field created by the partially magnetized GGG substrate. This stray field is antiparallel to the applied external field and is highly inhomogeneous, reaching up to 40 mT in the center of the sample. At temperatures below 500 mK, the GGG field exhibits a saturation that cannot be described by the standard Brillouin function for a paramagnet. Including the calculated GGG field in the analysis of the FMR frequency versus temperature dependence allowed the determination of the cubic and uniaxial anisotropies. We find that the total anisotropy increases more than three times with the decrease in temperature down to 2 K. Our findings enable accurate predictions of the YIG/GGG magnetic systems behavior at low and ultra-low millikelvin temperatures, crucial for developing quantum magnonic devices.
The use of heart rate variability (HRV) biomarkers in the identification of anger in adults
Authors: Dehghanizadeh Zahra , Dolatshahee Behrouz , Nosratabadi Masoud , Sabzevar Manocher Moradi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Undoubtedly, the existence of accurate measurement tools can be an important step in the direction of early diagnosis of problems related to emotions and emotional dysregulation.
Objective
I n the present study, we tried to identify the emotion of anger in people using one of the biomarkers called heart rate variability (HRV). In this way, the diagnostic accuracy of five subscales related to heart rate, i.e. HR, RR, HF, LF and LFtoHF, was investigated among subjects with high anger and low anger.
Method
The study is descriptive (exploratory) and quantitative analysis. The current research population includes all adults (age range 20–45 years selected based on research literature) living in Tehran. The statistical sample of the current research, which was selected using the available sampling method based on the entry and exit criteria, was 100 people who, after the initial review of the data obtained from their heart rate sensor and preparation for entering the analysis stage, due to insufficient recording time and Lack of accurate recording of heart rate eliminated 24 of them and the remaining sample in the present study was 76. The instrument of the current research consists of two parts: Panas positive and negative emotions scale and BVP sensor. All analyzes related to descriptive statistics, t table of two independent groups were performed by SPSS software. In addition, ROC analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed by Medcalc software.
Results
Preliminary studies on the difference in the mean scores of the two groups of people with high and low anger in five scales HR, RR, HF, LF and LFtoHF showed that the difference in the mean scores of the two groups in the HR scale (at a significant level of less than 0.05) and RR (at a significance level of less than 0.001) is statistically significant. In both scales, the average scores of people with high anger were higher than the average scores of people with low anger. Among the five HR, RR, HF, LF and LFtoHF scales, the RR scale had the highest purity index (= 0.71). This scale performed significantly better than other HR, HF, LF and LFtoHF scales.
Conclusion
The results of this study can make the use of biological indicators more prominent in identifying positive and negative emotions.
Metaverse and Industry 4.0 in Cheese Production: An Innovative Integration Example
Authors: Özkurt Cem 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In the ever-evolving landscape of cheese production, a revolutionary initiative is taking center stage, boldly addressing the dynamic challenges that permeate the industry. This groundbreaking endeavor seamlessly intertwines the artisanal craft of cheese making with the avant-garde realms of digital innovation. The catalyst for this transformative leap is the ingenious integration of a digital twin—a cutting-edge methodology that transcends traditional boundaries. This digital doppelganger goes beyond a mere virtual replica; it becomes the oracle of foresight, empowering cheese machinery to not just operate but to anticipate and thwart potential failures. At its core, this visionary approach births a virtual twin that meticulously replicates real-world conditions, providing a sophisticated platform for intricate testing of milk interactions within the machinery. The ultimate goal is nothing short of amplifying the efficiency of cheese production lines through strategic design and component enhancements. These metamorphic changes are not just a nod to progress but a resolute commitment to embracing the principles of Industry 4.0, ushering in an era where cheese production machinery gracefully migrates into the boundless expanse of the virtual realm. This paradigm shift not only facilitates simulated testing of machines but also unfurls exciting possibilities for locally-produced machines to undergo a crucible of rigorous evaluation within a risk-free virtual domain.
Rhabdomyosarcoma with initial pancreatic metastasis: a case report
Authors: Luo Shuai , Li Jin , Zeng Jiafei , Li Yao , Wang Jinjing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Pancreatic metastasis, particularly as the primary site of metastasis in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), is exceedingly rare, leading to a lack of relevant literature and research studies due to its extreme rarity. Moreover, its clinical presentation closely mimics pancreatitis, posing significant challenges in early clinical detection and diagnosis.
Case demonstration: A 44-year-old male patient with a history of RMS originating from the right paranasal sinus underwent regular postoperative chemoradiotherapy. He presented to our gastroenterology department with complaints of abdominal pain and lower back pain for one month. Subsequent auxiliary examinations, including ultrasound gastroscopy and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scans, suggest the possibility of pancreatitis or tumor metastasis. Eventually, a pancreatic puncture biopsy confirmed RMS with pancreatic metastasis. Following diagnosis, the patient was transferred to the Cancer Hospital for scheduled chemoradiotherapy. During an 8-month follow-up, the patient exhibited no evidence of metastasis to organs other than the pancreas and survived.
Conclusions:Historically considered an advanced condition precluding surgical intervention, the reported instance of metastatic RMS to the pancreas demonstrates the potential for improved survival and quality of life with timely surgical and adjunctive therapies contingent upon early detection, diagnosis, and treatment. Given the clinical resemblance to pancreatitis, definitive diagnosis relies heavily on pathological biopsy. Therefore, more cases warrant collection for a comprehensive investigation into the clinical, pathological, and genetic characteristics of this rare condition.