bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cobalt‐Based Nanoscale Material: An Emerging Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Production
Authors: Samanta Arnab , Dutta Basudeb , Halder Shibashis 
Published: April 2024

AbstractModern civilization has been highly suffering from energy crisis and environmental pollutions. These two burning issues are directly and indirectly created from fossil fuel consumption and uncontrolled industrialization. The above critical issue can be solved through the proper utilization of green energy sources where no greenhouse gases will be generated upon burning of such materials. Hydrogen is the most eligible candidate for this purpose. Among various methods of hydrogen generation, electrocatalytic process is one of the most efficient methods because of easy handling and high efficiency. In these aspects Co‐based nanomaterials are considered to be extremely significant as they can be utilized as efficient, recyclable and ideal catalytic system. In this article a series of Co‐based nano‐electrocatalysts has been discussed with proper structure‐property relationship and their medium dependency. Therefore, such type of stimulating summary on recently reported electrocatalysts and their activity may be helpful for scientists of the corresponding field as well as for broader research communities. This can be inspiration for materials researchers to fabricate active catalysts for the production of hydrogen gas in room temperature.
Integrated untargeted and targeted testicular metabolomics to reveal the regulated mechanism of Gushudan on the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal axis of kidney‐yang‐deficiency‐syndrome rats
Authors: Lou Yanwei , Liang Qinghua , Xin Ling , Ren Mengxin , Hang Qian , Qin Feng , Xiong Zhili 
Published: April 2024

AbstractModern studies have shown that neuroendocrine disorders caused by the dysfunction of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal (HPG) axis are one of the important pathogenetic mechanisms of kidney‐yang‐deficiency‐syndrome (KYDS). The preventive effect of Gushudan on KYDS has been reported, but its regulatory mechanisms on the HPG axis have not been elucidated. In this study, we developed an integrated untargeted and targeted metabolomics analysis strategy to investigate the regulatory mechanism of Gushudan on the HPG axis in rats with KYDS. In untargeted metabolomics, we screened 14 potential biomarkers such as glycine, lysine, and glycerol that were significantly associated with the HPG axis. To explore the effect of changes in the levels of potential biomarkers on KYDS, all of them were quantified in targeted metabolomics. With the quantitative results, correlations between potential biomarkers and testosterone, a functional indicator of the HPG axis, were explored. The results showed that oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and energy depletion, induced by metabolic disorders in rats, were responsible for the decrease in testosterone levels. Gushudan improves metabolic disorders and restores testosterone levels, thus restoring HPG axis dysfunction. This finding elucidates the special metabolic characteristics of KYDS and the therapeutic mechanism of Gushudan from a new perspective.
A New Insight Into The Huisgen Reaction: Heterogeneous Copper Catalyzed Azide‐Alkyne Cycloaddition for the Synthesis of 1,4‐Disubstituted Triazole (From 2018–2023)
Authors: Kasana Shivani , Nigam Vaibhav , Singh Surbhi , Kurmi Balak Das , Patel Preeti 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Huisgen cycloaddition, often referred to as 1,3‐Dipolar cycloaddition, is a well‐established method for synthesizing 1,4‐disubstituted triazoles. Originally conducted under thermal conditions [3+2] cycloaddition reactions were limited by temperature, prolonged reaction time, and regioselectivity. The introduction of copper catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) revitalized interest, giving rise to the concept of “click chemistry”. The CuAAC has emerged as a prominent method for producing 1,2,3‐triazole with excellent yields and exceptional regioselectivity even in unfavorable conditions. Copper catalysts conventionally facilitate azide‐alkyne cycloadditions, but challenges include instability and recycling issues. In recent years, there has been a growing demand for heterogeneous and porous catalysts in various chemical reactions. Chemists have been more interested in heterogenous catalysts as a result of the difficulties in separating homogenous catalysts from reaction products. These catalysts are favored for their abundant active sites, extensive surface area, easy separation from reaction mixtures, and the ability to be reused. Heterogeneous catalysts have garnered significant attention due to their broad industrial utility, characterized by cost‐effectiveness, stability, resistance to thermal degradation, and ease of removal compared to their homogeneous counterparts. The present review covers recent advancements from year 2018 to 2023 in the field of click reactions for obtaining 1,2,3‐triazoles through Cu catalyzed 1,3‐dipolar azide‐alkyne cycloaddition and the properties of the catalyst, reaction conditions such as solvent, temperature, reaction time, and the impact of different heterogeneous copper catalysts on product yield.
Using Ping‐pong technique along with rapid inflate‐deflate ballooning to solve total left main occlusion during transcatheter aortic valve replacement procedure
Authors: Damarkusuma Arditya , Johar Sofian , Patel Billal , Yung Chea Chin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCoronary obstruction during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) poses a significant threat, prompting a closer examination of prevention and bailout strategies. Following TAVR deployment with a coronary artery obstruction complication and recognizing the complexities involved in engaging the left main coronary artery through TAVR cells. This case introduces the “Ping‐pong” technique using a second guide catheter. When faced with difficulty in engaging the catheter through TAVR cells, an innovative solution is proposed. Inserting a wire into the valsalva and utilizing a rapid inflate‐deflate balloon maneuver successfully facilitates catheter access into the left main, offering a promising intervention for challenging scenarios. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the severe implications of coronary obstruction during TAVR. The innovative “Ping‐pong” technique and rapid inflate‐deflate balloons emerge as valuable interventions, showcasing their potential in challenging catheter engagement scenarios. These insights offer a promising avenue for enhancing patient outcomes in TAVR procedures.
Charge‐Transfer Complexes: Halogen‐Doped Anthracene as a Case of Study
Authors: Gilioli Simone , Giovanardi Roberto , Ferrari Camilla , Montecchi Monica , Gemelli Andrea , Severini Andrea , Roncaglia Fabrizio , Carella Alberta , Rossella Francesco , Vanossi Davide , Marchetti Andrea , Carmieli Raanan , Pasquali Luca , Fontanesi Claudio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCharge transfer (CT) crystals exhibit unique electronic and magnetic properties with interesting applications. We present a rational and easy guide which allows to foresee the effective charge transfer co‐crystal production and that is based on the comparison of the frontier molecular orbital (MO) energies of a donor and acceptor couple. For the sake of comparison, theoretical calculations have been carried out by using the cheap and fast PM6 semiempirical Hamiltonian and pure HF/cc‐pVTZ level of the theory. The results are then compared with experimental results obtained both by chemical (bromine and iodine were used as the acceptor) and electrochemical doping (exploiting an original experimental set‐up by this laboratory: the electrochemical transistor). Infra‐red vibrational experimental results and theoretically calculated spectra are compared to assess both the effective donor‐acceptor (D/A) charge‐transfer and transport mechanism (giant IRAV polaron signature). XPS spectra have been collected (carbon (1 s) and iodine (3d5/2)) signals, yielding further evidence of the effective formation of the CT anthracene:iodine complex.
A Simple Test for Determining the Late‐Maturity Alpha‐Amylase Susceptibility Window in Wheat
Authors: Kelly John H. , Thompson Alison L. , Hauvermale Amber L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLate‐maturity alpha‐amylase or LMA is a weather‐related event that lowers the quality of affected grain, resulting in sticky breads, cakes, and noodles with unattractive and undesirable textures. Grain that has been affected by LMA, or that is susceptible to LMA, cannot be identified by sight alone due to varietal‐ and environmental‐induced differences in appearance and differences in rates of development. Techniques that allow for rapid identification of the LMA susceptibility window in wheat and knowledge of the weather events that lead to LMA can empower growers to manage and mitigate LMA‐induced profit loss. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Crop Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Radical Sulfonylative‐Cyclization Cascade of 1,6‐Enynol Derivatives with Sulfinic Acids: A Sustainable Approach for the Synthesis of 2,3‐Disubstituted Benzoheteroles
Authors: Haritha Kumari Arram , Jagadesh Kumar Jangam , Sharadha Nunavath , Rama Krishna Gamidi , Jannapu Reddy Raju 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBenzoheteroles are promising structural scaffolds in the realm of medicinal chemistry, but sustainable synthesis of 2,3‐difunctionalized benzoheterole derivatives is still in high demand. Indeed, we have conceptually rationalized the intrinsic reactivity of propargylic‐enyne systems for the flexible construction of 2,3‐disubstituted benzoheteroles through radical sulfonylative‐cyclization cascade under organophotoredox catalysis. We hereby report an efficient visible‐light‐induced sulfonyl radical‐triggered cyclization of 1,6‐enynols with sulfinic acids under the dual catalytic influence of 4CzIPN and NiBr2⋅DME, which led to the formation of 2,3‐disubstituted benzoheteroles in good to high yields. Additionally, the Rose Bengal (RB)‐catalyzed radical sulfonylative‐cycloannulation of acetyl‐derived 1,6‐enynols with sulfinic acids under blue LED irradiation allowed to access 3‐(E‐styryl)‐derived benzofurans and benzothiophenes in moderate to good yields. The scope and limitations of the present strategies were successfully established using different classes of 1,6‐enynols and sulfinic acids bearing various sensitive functional groups, yielding the desired products in a highly stereoselective fashion. Plausible mechanistic pathways were also proposed based on the current experimental and control experiments.
TREM2 alleviates white matter injury after traumatic brain injury in mice might be mediated by regulation of DHCR24/LXR pathway in microglia
Authors: Li Zhao , Yu Shenghui , Li Lin , Zhou Chao , Wang Lin , Tang Shuang , Gu Nina , Zhang Zhaosi , Huang Zhijian , Chen Hong , Tang Wei , Wang Yingwen , Yang Xiaomin , Sun Xiaochuan , Yan Jin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhite matter injury (WMI) is an important pathological process after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The correlation between white matter functions and the myeloid cells expressing triggering receptor‐2 (TREM2) has been convincingly demonstrated. Moreover, a recent study revealed that microglial sterol metabolism is crucial for early remyelination after demyelinating diseases. However, the potential roles of TREM2 expression and microglial sterol metabolism in WMI after TBI have not yet been explored.MethodsControlled cortical injury was induced in both wild‐type (WT) and TREM2 depletion (TREM2 KO) mice to simulate clinical TBI. COG1410 was used to upregulate TREM2, while PLX5622 and GSK2033 were used to deplete microglia and inhibit the liver X receptor (LXR), respectively. Immunofluorescence, Luxol fast blue staining, magnetic resonance imaging, transmission electron microscopy, and oil red O staining were employed to assess WMI after TBI. Neurological behaviour tests and electrophysiological recordings were utilized to evaluate cognitive functions following TBI. Microglial cell sorting and transcriptomic sequencing were utilized to identify alterations in microglial sterol metabolism‐related genes, while western blot was conducted to validate the findings.ResultsTREM2 expressed highest at 3 days post‐TBI and was predominantly localized to microglial cells within the white matter. Depletion of TREM2 worsened aberrant neurological behaviours, and this phenomenon was mediated by the exacerbation of WMI, reduced renewal of oligodendrocytes, and impaired phagocytosis ability of microglia after TBI. Subsequently, the upregulation of TREM2 alleviated WMI, promoted oligodendrocyte regeneration, and ultimately facilitated the recovery of neurological behaviours after TBI. Finally, the expression of DHCR24 increased in TREM2 KO mice after TBI. Interestingly, TREM2 inhibited DHCR24 and upregulated members of the LXR pathway. Moreover, LXR inhibition could partially reverse the effects of TREM2 upregulation on electrophysiological activities.ConclusionsWe demonstrate that TREM2 has the potential to alleviate WMI following TBI, possibly through the DHCR24/LXR pathway in microglia.
Repeated binge‐like eating episodes in female rats alter adenosine A2A and dopamine D2 receptor genes regulation in the brain reward system
Authors: Mercante Francesca , Micioni Di Bonaventura Emanuela , Pucci Mariangela , Botticelli Luca , Cifani Carlo , D'Addario Claudio , Micioni Di Bonaventura Maria Vittoria 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveBinge‐eating disorder is an eating disorder characterized by recurrent binge‐eating episodes, during which individuals consume excessive amounts of highly palatable food (HPF) in a short time. This study investigates the intricate relationship between repeated binge‐eating episode and the transcriptional regulation of two key genes, adenosine A2A receptor (A2AAR) and dopamine D2 receptor (D2R), in selected brain regions of rats.MethodBinge‐like eating behavior on HPF was induced through the combination of food restrictions and frustration stress (15 min exposure to HPF without access to it) in female rats, compared to control rats subjected to only restriction or only stress or none of these two conditions. After chronic binge‐eating episodes, nucleic acids were extracted from different brain regions, and gene expression levels were assessed through real‐time quantitative PCR. The methylation pattern on genes' promoters was investigated using pyrosequencing.ResultsThe analysis revealed A2AAR upregulation in the amygdala and in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), and D2R downregulation in the nucleus accumbens in binge‐eating rats. Concurrently, site‐specific DNA methylation alterations at gene promoters were identified in the VTA for A2AAR and in the amygdala and caudate putamen for D2R.DiscussionThe alterations on A2AAR and D2R genes regulation highlight the significance of epigenetic mechanisms in the etiology of binge‐eating behavior, and underscore the potential for targeted therapeutic interventions, to prevent the development of this maladaptive feeding behavior. These findings provide valuable insights for future research in the field of eating disorders.Public SignificanceUsing an animal model with face, construct, and predictive validity, in which cycles of food restriction and frustration stress evoke binge‐eating behavior, we highlight the significance of epigenetic mechanisms on adenosine A2A receptor (A2AAR) and dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) genes regulation. They could represent new potential targets for the pharmacological management of eating disorders characterized by this maladaptive feeding behavior.
Predicting in‐hospital mortality among patients admitted with a diagnosis of heart failure: a machine learning approach
Authors: Jawadi Zina , He Rosemary , Srivastava Pratyaksh K. , Fonarow Gregg C. , Khalil Suzan O. , Krishnan Srikanth , Eskin Eleazar , Chiang Jeffrey N. , Nsair Ali 
Published: April 2024

AbstractExisting risk prediction models for hospitalized heart failure patients are limited. We identified patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of heart failure between 7 May 2013 and 26 April 2022 from a large academic, quaternary care medical centre (training cohort). Demographics, medical comorbidities, vitals, and labs were collected and were used to construct random forest machine learning models to predict in‐hospital mortality. Models were compared with logistic regression, and to commonly used heart failure risk scores. The models were subsequently validated in patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of heart failure from a second academic, community medical centre (validation cohort). The entire cohort comprised 21 802 patients, of which 14 539 were in the training cohort and 7263 were in the validation cohort. The median age (25th–75th percentile) was 70 (58–82) for the entire cohort, 43.2% were female, and 6.7% experienced inpatient mortality. In the overall cohort, 7621 (35.0%) patients had heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (EF ≤ 40%), 1271 (5.8%) had heart failure with mildly reduced EF (EF 41–49%), and 12 910 (59.2%) had heart failure with preserved EF (EF ≥ 50%). Random forest models in the validation cohort demonstrated a c‐statistic (95% confidence interval) of 0.96 (0.95–0.97), sensitivity (SN) of 87.3%, and specificity (SP) of 90.6% for the prediction of in‐hospital mortality. Models for those with HFrEF demonstrated a c‐statistic of 0.96 (0.94–0.98), SN 88.2%, and SP 91.0%, and those for patients with HFpEF showed a c‐statistic of 0.95 (0.93–0.97), SN 87.4%, and SP 89.5% for predicting in‐hospital mortality. The random forest model significantly outperformed logistic regression (c‐statistic 0.87, SN 75.9%, and SP 86.9%), and current existing risk scores including the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry risk score (c‐statistic of 0.70, SN 69%, and SP 62%), and the Get With the Guidelines‐Heart Failure risk score (c‐statistic 0.69, SN 67%, and SP 63%); P < 0.001 for comparison. Machine learning models built from commonly recorded patient information can accurately predict in‐hospital mortality among patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of heart failure.
Treatment patterns of patients with worsening heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Greene Stephen J. , Gaggin Hanna K. , Zhou Mo , Bash Lori D. , Lautsch Dominik , Djatche Laurence , Song Yan , Signorovitch James , Stevenson Andra S. , Blaustein Robert O. , Butler Javed 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimsPatients with HFrEF and worsening HF events (WHFE) are at particularly high risk and urgently need disease‐modifying therapy. CHART‐HF assessed treatment patterns and reasons for medication decisions among HFrEF patients with and without WHFE.Methods and resultsCHART‐HF collected retrospective electronic medical records of outpatients with HF and EF < 45% between 2017–2019 from a nationwide panel of 238 cardiologists (458 patients) and the Geisinger Health System (GHS) medical record (1000 patients). The index visit in the WHFE cohort was the first outpatient cardiologist visit ≤6 months following the WHFE, and in the reference cohort was the last visit in a calendar year without WHFE. Demographic characteristics were similar between patients with and without WHFE in both the nationwide panel and GHS. In the nationwide panel, the proportion of patients with versus without WHFE receiving ≥50% of guideline‐recommended dose on index visit was 35% versus 40% for beta blocker, 74% versus 83% for ACEI/ARB/ARNI, and 48% versus 49% for MRA. The proportion of patients receiving ≥50% of guideline‐recommended dose was lower in the GHS: 29% versus 34% for beta‐blocker, 16% versus 31% for ACEI/ARB/ARNI, and 18% versus 22% for MRA. For patients with and without WHFE, triple therapy on index date was 42% and 44% of patients from the nationwide panel, and 14% and 17% in the GHS. Comparing end of index clinic visit with 12‐month follow‐up in the GHS, the proportion of patients on no GDMT increased from 14% to 28% in the WHFE cohort and from 14 to 21% in the non‐WHFE group.ConclusionsMajor gaps in use of GDMT, particularly combination therapy, remain among US HFrEF patients. These gaps persist during longitudinal follow‐up and are particularly large among patients with recent WHFE.
Intelligent bacteria‐targeting ZIF‐8 composite for fluorescence imaging‐guided photodynamic therapy of drug‐resistant superbug infections and burn wound healing
Authors: Li Xiaoxue , Wang Wei , Gao Qiuxia , Lai Shanshan , Liu Yan , Zhou Sitong , Yan Yan , Zhang Jie , Wang Huanhuan , Wang Jiamei , Feng Yi , Yang Ronghua , Su Jianyu , Li Bin , Liao Yuhui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInfected burn wounds are characterized by persistent drug‐resistant bacterial infection coupled with an inflammatory response, impeding the wound‐healing process. In this study, an intelligent nanoparticle system (CCM+TTD@ZIF‐8 NPs) was prepared using curcumin (CCM), an aggregation‐induced emission luminogens (TTD), and ZIF‐8 for infection‐induced wound healing. The CCM+TTD@ZIF‐8 NPs showed multiple functions, including bacteria targeting, fluorescence imaging and pH response‐guided photodynamic therapy (PDT), and anti‐inflammatory. The positive charges of ZIF‐8 NPs allowed the targeting of drug‐resistant bacteria in infected wounds, thereby realizing fluorescence imaging of bacteria by emitting red fluorescence at the infected site upon blue light irradiation. The pH‐responsive characteristics of the CCM+TTD@ZIF‐8 NPs also enabled controllable CCM release onto the infected wound site, thereby promoting the specific accumulation of ROS at the infected site, with outstanding bactericidal efficacy against drug‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) strains in vitro/in vivo. Additionally, due to the excellent bactericidal effect and anti‐inflammatory properties of CCM+TTD@ZIF‐8 NPs combined with blue light irradiation, the regeneration of epidermal tissue, angiogenesis, and collagen deposition was achieved, accelerating the healing process of infected burn wounds. Therefore, this CCM+TTD@ZIF‐8 NPs with multifunctional properties provides great potential for infected burn wound healing.
Restoring energy metabolism by NAD+ supplement prevents alcohol‐induced liver injury and boosts liver regeneration
Authors: Liu Yao , Cheng Cheng , Gao Han , Zhu Xue‐jin , He Xian , Zhou Ming‐xi , Gao Yuan , Lu Ya‐wen , Song Xin‐hua , Xiao Xiao‐he , Wang Jia‐bo , Xu Chun‐jun , Ma Zhi‐tao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOur previous clinical metabolomics study illustrated that energy metabolism disorder is an underlying pathogenesis mechanism for the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Supplementation of nicotinamide (NAM), the precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), may restore the energy metabolism homeostasis of ALD and thus serves as potential therapeutics to treat ALD. In this bedside‐to‐bench study, the protective effect of NAM against ALD was investigated by using the NIAAA mice model (chronic‐plus‐binge ethanol), and the liver regeneration boosting capability of NAM was evaluated by the partial hepatectomy mice model. Our results showed that NAM supplements not only protected the liver from alcohol‐induced injury and improved alcohol‐induced mitochondrial structure and function change, but also boosted liver regeneration in postpartial hepatectomy mice by increasing liver NAD+ content. These findings suggested that NAM, a water‐soluble form of vitamin B3, can promote liver regeneration and improves liver function by alleviating alcohol‐induced energy metabolism disorder.