bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute gouty arthritis without urate crystals identified on initial examination of synovial fluid
Authors: Schumacher H. Ralph , Jimenez Sergio A. , Gibson Terry , Pascual Eliseo , Traycof Roger , Dorwart Bonnie B. , Reginato Antonio J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNine patients who ultimately proved to have acute gouty arthritis did not have urate crystals demonstrable by compensated polarized light in the first joint fluid aspirated despite leukocyte counts as high as 100,000/mm3. In 6 cases crystals were found in fluid from the same joint 5 hours to 1 day later. Factors that might explain the difficulty in identifying crystals include aspiration of the wrong site because diffuse swelling obscured predominant involvement of a bursa or adjacent small joint, loculation within a joint, crystal dissolution leaving only tiny birefringent chunks, and inexpert or insufficient search. Some cases remain without any tentative explanation. The possibility of acute gouty arthritis should not be excluded if crystals are not demonstrable in the first search of joint fluid. Repeated searches for typical monosodium urate crystals may be required for diagnosis.
Cryoimmunoglobulinemia in felty's syndrome
Authors: Weisman Michael , Zvaifler Nathan J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeven of 9 patients with Felty's syndrome exhibited cryoglobulins in greater amounts than found in uncomplicated RA but similar to amounts found in RA with vasculitis. Antinuclear antibodies were found in high titer in the sera and cryoglobulins of Felty's patients; when compared to SLE patients, whose sera and cryoglobulins also contained antinuclear factors, an antinuclear antibody reacting with nuclei of polymorphonuclear granulocytes appeared to be selectively concentrated in the cryoglobulins of some Felty's patients.
Effect of aspirin on liver tests in patients with ra or sle and in normal volunteers
Authors: Seaman William E. , Plotz Paul H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAspirin was given to 20 patients with RA, 16 patients with SLE, and 3 normal volunteers. Four of the RA patients, 7 of the SLE patients, and 1 normal volunteer developed abnormal liver tests during the study. The abnormalities (elevated transaminases) were most frequent and of rapid onset in patients with clinically active SLE. Increases in BUN and creatinine related to aspirin were observed in several subjects. In a retrospective survey of 80 patients with SLE, aspirin appeared responsible for two‐thirds of episodes of liver test abnormalities in 19 patients.
Comprehensive study of humoral and cellular immune abnormalities in 26 patients with systemic amyloidosis
Authors: Scheinberg Morton A. , Cathcart Edgar S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSerum immunoglobulin abnormalities in non‐familial and systemic primary amyloidosis are distinct from those seen in multiple myeloma and more closely resemble those seen in benign monoclonal gammopathy. Surface lymphocyte characteristics also differentiate amyloid patients with or without monoclonal immunoglobulins from those with malignant B‐cell dyscrasias. In vitro lymphocyte transformation with phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen is normal in amyloidosis, but T‐cell function is significantly depressed in both primary and secondary amyloid disease as measured by concanavalin A responses.
Organization of ground substance proteoglycans in normal and osteoarthritic knee cartilage
Authors: Brandt Kenneth D. , Palmoski Marshall 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA study of the organization of proteoglycans in articular cartilage indicates that nonaggregated proteoglycans existed in larger numbers in osteoarthritic than in normal cartilage and that proteoglycan aggregates in arthritic cartilage were smaller than normal. After dissociation from hyaluronic acid and tissue glycoproteins, no difference in hydrodynamic size of disaggregated proteoglycans was noted, but chondroitin sulfate chains of those from diseased cartilage were shorter than normal. The data suggest that there is a defect in proteoglycan aggregation in osteoarthritic cartilage which could be of pathogenetic significance.
Hereditary C2 deficiency. Association with skin lesions resembling the discoid lesion of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Stern Richard , Fu Shu Man , Fotino Merilena , Agnello Vincent , Kunkel Henry G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo patients with hereditary homozygous C2 deficiency are described. They showed many similar clinical features. Both had discoid‐like skin rashes and serologic abnormalities consistent with SLE, but neither had evidence of involvement of any organ other than skin. Although biopsy of these lesions revealed expected changes by light microscopy, typical immunofluorescent findings were not present. The presence of the HL‐A haplotype 10,W18 was seen in both families and was associated with the C2 deficiency gene. The 2 patients were mutually nonreactive in MLC tests and both were found to be homozygous for the LD7a type.
Identification of antibodies to nuclear acidic antigens by counterimmunoelectrophoresis
Authors: Kurata N. , Tan E. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSaline extracts of rabbit thymus were found to contain many nuclear antigens that reacted with antibodies in the sera of patients with systemic rheumatic diseases. Counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) was used to detect antibodies to nuclear acidic protein (Sm), nuclear ribonucleoprotein (RNP), and antibody to nuclear antigen B, which was reported previously in Sjögren's syndrome. All these nuclear antigens behaved as anions with different mobilities in CIE and could be distinguished from one another by the locations of the precipitin lines. They could also be distinguished by the facts that the nuclear RNP precipitin lines were abolished by digestion with ribonuclease whereas others were unaffected, and that Sm precipitin lines developed later than other precipitin lines. With this technique antibody to nuclear RNP was detected in 46% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared to 26% detected by the hemagglutination technique. Similarly the increased sensitivity of the CIE technique was able to show that antibody to B antigen was present in 12% of SLE patients, whereas this antibody was not detectable in the same group of patients by immunodiffusion. This study shows that CIE is a rapid and sensitive technique for detecting precipitating antibodies to a number of nuclear acidic antigens. Methods are described to identify the immunochemical specificities of the precipitin lines by the use of standard reference sera.
Obstructive pulmonary disease in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Collins Ronald L. , Turner Robert A. , Myron Johnson A. , Whitley Nancy O. , McLean Ross L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐six of 43 patients (60.5%) with classic rheumatoid arthritis (RA) participating in a controlled, prospective study were found to have maximal midexpiratory flow rates (MMEFs) suggestive of obstructive pulmonary disease. Cigarette smokers with RA had significantly lower MMEFs than either nonsmokers with RA or smokers with degenerative joint disease. There was an increased prevalence of the Pi phenotype MS among the RA patients. Interstitial fibrosis, tobacco smoking, and protease inhibitor deficiencies were all significant factors in producing airway obstruction in patients with RA.
Intracellular distribution of radiogold. Localization to large granule membranes
Authors: Penneys Neal S. , McCreary Sally , Gottlieb Norman L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe distribution of gold in Kupffer cells and in subcellular fractions of rat liver was studied at intervals following intraperitoneal injection of 195Au sodium thiomalate (Myochrysine). Kupffer cells, isolated by digestion of whole liver with Pronase, had radioactive gold counts per milligram of protein that were twice the counts in the digested liver supernatant. After fractionaction of liver cells by differential centrifugation, radiogold was found predominantly in the nuclear, mitochondrial, and lysosomal fractions. When the distribution of isotope was related to the protein content, the highest gold concentration was found in the lysosomal fraction, where it was 28 times that in the soluble fraction. Most radiogold was nondialyzable, probably a result of binding to larger intracellular compounds. Approximately 95% of the nondialyzable gold was in the organelle membrane or attached to membrane‐adsorbed material, as determined by treatment of dialyzed mitochondrial and lysosomal fractions with Triton X‐100. These data suggest that the intracellular locus of gold action may reside in organelle membranes.
Carpo:Metacarpal ratio. A new quantitative measure of radiologic progression of wrist involvement in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Trentham David E. , Masi Alfonse T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAnalysis of 878 hand films shows the carpo: metacarpal ratio to be a sensitive quantitative index of progression of carpal involvement in rheumatoid arthritis. This index, easily calculated by dividing the lengths of the carpus by the third metacarpal, showed marked consistency in the ratio regardless of age, race, or sex in normal adults. A decreased ratio correlated highly with recognized radiographic stages of rheumatoid arthritis and thus suggested utility in longitudinal studies of patients with this disease.
Carrageenin‐induced arthritis. III. Proteolytic enzymes present in rabbit knee joints after a single intraarticular injection of carrageenin
Authors: Lowther Dennis A. , Gillard Gerald C. , Baxter Elsmaree , Handley Christopher J. , Rich Kathryn A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA single intraarticular injection of carrageenin into the rabbit knee joint initiates an inflammatory reaction in the synovial tissues. The exudate from the joint was able to degrade proteoglycan at pH 5.2 and pH 7.2. Further characterization of proteolytic enzymes in the inflamed synovial tissues showed the presence of cathepsin D, a neutral protease, and cathepsin B1. Maximum activities of two lysosomal enzymes, acid phosphatase and cathepsin D, were observed within 7 days of injection. Most of this activity was found to be associated with cells in the synovial fluid.
Measuring synovial fluid viscosity with a white blood cell diluting pipette. A simple, rapid, and reproducible method
Authors: Hasselbacher Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA convenient and accurate way to measure the relative viscosity of synovial fluid is to use a white blood cell diluting pipette as a simple viscometer. The technique is reproducible with 2% accuracy and adds little to the time required for routine synovial fluid analysis. The magnitude of the variation of synovial fluid viscosity with temperature is demonstrated, and it is suggested that routine clinical measurements be made at room temperature. Clinical data confirm that a single viscosity measurement has little or no diagnostic value.
Pathways of complement activation in chronic discoid lupus
Authors: Schrager Mark A. , Rothfield Naomi F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo assess the relative roles of the classic and alternative pathways of complement activation in chronic discoid lupus erythematosus (CDLE), serum levels of properdin, C3, and C4, and deposition of these proteins in the dermal‐epidermal junction (DEJ) of 20 CDLE patients were compared to the findings in patients with clinically active and inactive SLE. Properdin was demonstrated in the DEJ of 10 of 14 (71%) histologically typical skin lesions from patients with CDLE, usually in association with deposits of immunoglobulin, C3, and C4. Properdin levels in CDLE patients were significantly increased (137 ± 34%) (P < 0.05) when compared to normal controls (101 ± 18%) or to patients with clinically active SLE (89 ± 32%). C3, C4, DNA‐binding, and antinuclear antibody tests in CDLE were indistinguishable from those in normals, but significantly different from patients with active SLE (P < 0.05). The complement profiles of patients with clinically inactive SLE resembled those of CDLE patients more closely than those of active SLE patients.
Correlation between levels of breakdown products of C3, C4, and properdin factor b in synovial fluids from patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Perrin L. H. , Zubler R. H. , Nydegger U. E. , Lambert P. H. , Miescher P. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSynovial fluids from 31 patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 23 patients with seronegative RA had significantly increased levels of breakdown products of C3, C4, and properdin factor B when compared to patients with osteoarthritis (OA) (P < 0.01). The same patients exhibited a considerable overlap of native C3, C4, and properdin factor B levels when their results were compared with those of OA patients. The parallel increase of C3d, C4d, and Ba levels in patients with RA suggests an activation of the complement system rather than a nonspecific enzymatic breakdown in synovial fluids.
Intracellular collagen fibers at the pannus‐cartilage junction in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Harris Edward D. , Glauert Audrey M. , Murley Alan H. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSections of the pannus‐articular cartilage junction from a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were prepared for electron microscopy. Cells at this interface contained membrane‐bound collagen fibrils, apparently in various stages of digestion. Previous studies have demonstrated intracellular collagen fibrils at sites of very active and rapid collagen resorption. It is suggested that at certain times in certain patients with RA, phagocytosis of cartilage collagen fragments and subsequent intracellular digestion may serve as a supplemental pathway to extracellular collagen degradation.
Azathioprine in early rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Dwosh I. L. , Stein H. B. , Urowitz M. B. , Smythe H. A. , Ogryzlo M. A. , Hunter T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study compares the effect of azathioprine with those of gold and chloroquine in early (Class II) rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Thirty‐three similar patients with classic or definite RA of less than 5 years duration were randomly entered, 11 into each drug group. Assessment of standard clinical and laboratory measures at 12 and 24 weeks showed significant improvement in all three groups. In general, all three drugs were effective antirheumatic agents with low toxicity. However, because of serious potential toxicity, azathioprine could not be recommended over gold and chloroquine in early RA therapy.
Prostaglandin E1 treatment of NZB/NZW mice
Authors: Zurier Robert B. , Sayadoff Donna M. , Torrey Susan B. , Rothfield Naomi F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNZB/NZW F1 hybrid mice were treated with pharmacologic doses of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) (200 μg subcutaneously either once or twice daily) from 6 through 52 weeks of age. PGE1‐treated mice were protected against development of anemia, clinical nephritis, and death. At 52 weeks, 18 of 19 treated mice were alive, whereas only 2 of 19 untreated control mice were alive. None of the 10 mice treated with PGE1 twice daily exhibited significant (>2+) proteinuria at 1 year of age. PGE1 treatment did not prevent development of antibodies to nuclear antigens. The data also suggest that survival of NZB/NZW mice is prolonged when treatment with PGE1 is begun at 24 weeks, an age at which mice already show evidence of nephritis. Thus all 6 mice treated with PGE1 (200 μg sc twice daily) from 24 weeks were alive at 52 weeks, whereas only 2 of 6 untreated control mice were alive. The mechanisms whereby PGE1 treatment influences the course of disease in NZB/NZW mice are not known.
Multicenter evaluation of synovectomy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors:   ARTHRITIS FOUNDATION COMMITTEE ON EVALUATION OF SYNOVECTOMY
Published: February 2007

AbstractA controlled multicenter evaluation of synovectomy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis followed 59 patients for 3 years. Finger joints and knees were studied. After 1 year synovectomized joints were better than controls in several features. After 3 years these differences had disappeared in the fingers, but swelling remained less in synovectomized knees. Recurrences were as frequent in synovectomized as in control finger joints, but were slightly less frequent in synovectomized than in control knees. Radiologic bony erosions in fingers and knees of both groups progressed equally during the 3 years.
Carrageenin‐induced arthritis
Authors: Carmichael D. J. , Gillard G. C. , Lowther D. A. , Handley C. J. , Santer V. B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA localized inflammatory response was initiated by both single and repeated injections of carrageenin into femorotibial joints. Histologic changes were observed 24 hours after a single intraarticular injection, and an inhibition in the in vitro rate of proteoglycan synthesis was detected 72 hours after the injection. This inhibition was relieved in vitro by the addition of β‐D‐xyloside, an exogenous initiator of glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis. Following repeated carrageenin injections, most cells appeared to be dead on histologic examination and no in vitro proteoglycan synthesis could be detected; nor could any stimulation be achieved by adding xyloside.
Renal localization of antiglobulins in glomerulonephritis and after renal transplantation
Authors: Rossen Roger D. , Rickaway Ruth H. , Reisberg Margaret A. , Singer Donald B. , Schloeder Francis X. , Suki Wadi N. , Hill L. Leighton , Eknoyan Garabed 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLocalization of fluorescein‐conjugated heat‐aggregated IgG (FA IgG) was demonstrated by immunofluorescence in renal glomeruli of 16 of 69 patients with glomerulonephritis. FA IgG bound more frequently in kidney biopsies from patients with diffuse glomerulonephritis and depressed renal function, and localized selectively in glomeruli that contained heavy deposits of IgM, C3, and C4. The factors that caused FA IgG to bind were specifically reactive with the Fc piece of the IgG molecule and were resistant to 56°C heat for 30 minutes. Localization of FA IgG in the kidney did not correlate with the presence of soluble immune complexes or detectable antiglobulin antibodies in the sera. Binding of FA IgG was also seen in glomeruli and arteries of 18 of 21 kidney allografts studied at the time of impending rejection. But the factors responsible for binding FA IgG in the allografts were heat labile and thus could have been Clq. Although the role of these “antiglobulins” in the immunobiology of glomerulonephritis remains unknown, the fact that they occurred mainly in patients with relatively severe glomerular injury suggests that they could play some part in promoting renal glomerular injury.
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in rheumatoid pericarditis
Authors: Andreis Mario , Hurd Eric R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe pericardial effusion in a case of rheumatoid pericarditis was studied to determine whether immune complexes and mediators of cellular immunity, represented by migration inhibitory factor (MIF), were present. MIF‐like activity was detected in the pericardial fluid, but only traces of immune complexes were revealed by ultracentrifugation. The MIF‐like activity was partially characterized by column fractionation and sugar inhibition tests. The role of lymphokines in the pathogenesis of this case of rheumatoid pericarditis is strongly suggested.
Cellular infiltrates in scleroderma skin
Authors: Fleischmajer R. , Perlish J. S. , Reeves J. R. T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the frequency, distribution, and nature of cellular infiltrates in 108 skin biopsies from patients with systemic scleroderma (SS) and localized scleroderma (LS). Cellular infiltrates, perivascular or diffuse, were noted in 49% of SS and 84% of LS patients and consisted of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages. No correlation was noted between the presence or severity of skin cellular infiltrates and serum serologic abnormalities.
Pathology of skeletal muscle in mixed connective tissue disease
Authors: Oxenhandler R. , Hart M. , Corman L. , Sharp G. , Adelstein E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo characterize the pathology of muscle involvement in mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), skeletal muscle biopsies from 13 patients with MCTD were examined by routine light microscopy, histochemistry, and direct immunofluorescence. The histologic and histochemical changes observed corresponded closely to changes seen in idiopathic polymyositis and the myopathy associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Eight of 13 cases examined by direct immunofluorescence demonstrated immunoglobulin deposition either within normal appearing vessels, within normal fibers, around or on the sarcoplasmic membrane, or within the perimysial connective tissue. The histologic findings support Sharp's observation of the high incidence of focal inflammatory lesions in skeletal muscle biopsies of patients with MCTD. Immunoglobulin deposition in these muscle biopsies suggests an immunologic basis for the muscular symptomatology in MCTD.
Acute myocardial infarction following gold sodium thiomalate induced vasomotor (nitritoid) reaction
Authors: Gottlieb Norman L. , Brown Harvey E. , 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA vasomotor (nitritoid) reaction occurred following an initial injection of gold sodium thiomalate (GST; MyochrysineR) in a 69‐year‐old man with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). An acute anterior wall myocardial infarction, documented by serial electrocardiographic and serum enzyme changes, developed immediately thereafter. A second patient, a 49‐year‐old man with RA and a history of GST‐associated vasomotor reactions, was monitored clinically and electrocardiographically after GST administration. Sinus tachycardia developed and peripheral blood pressure fell within 2 minutes of injection, simultaneous with the onset of vasomotor symptoms. Vasomotor reactions from GST may compromise myocardial perfusion by their action on arteriolar smooth muscle, and thus result in peripheral vasodilatation, or they may act by adrenergic discharge initiated by such a reaction, and thus increase myocardial work and oxygen demand. Aurothioglucose (SolganalR), rarely produces vasomotor reactions, and may be preferred to GST in elderly RA patients with concomitant cardiovascular disease or atherosclerosis.
Brown's Syndrome
Authors: Killian Paul J. , Mcclain Bruce , Lawless Oliver J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo patients presented with an ocular complication of rheumatoid arthritis that was extraocular in location. Clinical manifestations include vertical diplopia, an intermittent nature, a clicking sensation, and apparent inferior oblique palsy. A stenosing tenovaginitis of the superior oblique tendon and its sheath is the probable underlying pathologic mechanism.
Relation Between HLA‐B27 and Clinical Features in Patients with Yersinia Arthritis
Authors: Laitinen Ossi , Leirisalo Marjatta , Skylv Grethe 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA study of 74 yersinia arthritis patients implied that the clinical picture of the disease may be modified by genetic background associated with the histocompatibility antigen B27 (HLA‐B27). Sixty‐six percent of patients were B27 positive. Joint symptoms were somewhat more severe in B27+ patients. Iritis, conjunctivitis, carditis, signs of urologic inflammation, and complete Reiter's triad occurred only in the B27+ group, whereas erythema nodosum was more common in B27— group. Several B27+ patients also had “B27+ rheumatic diseases,” such as ankylosing spondylitis or Reiter's disease, in their history.
A Description of Rheumatology Practice
Authors: Healey Louis A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFour rheumatologists kept a log of the diagnoses of all patients seen in their offices for 2 months. The great majority of patients had rheumatic complaints. Musculoskeletal pain syndromes and back syndromes were encountered most frequently; rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis were also common. Patients with SLE and connective tissue diseases were relatively infrequent.