bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid iron loading in a pregnant woman with transfusion‐dependent thalassemia after brief cessation of iron chelation therapy
Authors: Farmaki Kallistheni , Gotsis Efstathios , Tzoumari Ioanna , Berdoukas Vasilios 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn general, in women with transfusion‐dependent thalassemia, during pregnancy, iron chelation therapy is ceased. We report a splenectomized patient, who was an excellent complier with chelation therapy, who before embarking on a pregnancy showed no evidence of iron overload, with normal cardiac, thyroid function and glucose metabolism. Laboratory findings showed ferritin 67 μg/L, myocardial T2* of 34 ms and liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) liver iron concentration of 1 mg/g dry weight. She became pregnant by in vitro fertilization in October 2006, delivery occurred in June 2007. She breast fed for 2 months. After 12 months without iron chelation, ferritin was 1583 μg/L. Quantitative MRI showed myocardial T2* of 27 ms, that the liver iron concentration had increased to 11.3 mg/g dry weight, indicative of moderate to heavy iron load. This case demonstrates that iron overload can develop rapidly and that physicians caring for patients with transfusion‐dependent thalassemia should be particularly alert to any discontinuation of chelation therapy over time.
Neonatal isoimmune thrombocytopenia caused by type I CD36 deficiency having novel splicing isoforms of the CD36 gene
Authors: Taketani Takeshi , Ito Kimiko , Mishima Seiji , Kanai Rie , Uchiyama Atsushi , Hirata Yasushi , Kumakura Shunichi , Ishikura Hiroto , Yamaguchi Seiji 
Published: May 2008

AbstractNeonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) occurs because of transplacentally acquired maternal platelet alloantibodies. Most of the alloantibodies are against human platelet antigens, but the alloantibody against CD36 is rare. A full‐term female baby was delivered by a mother who experienced two spontaneous abortions. The baby had thrombocytopenia with cephalhematoma. The platelet count increased by immunoglobulin therapy (400 mg/kg) for 3 d. Platelet antibody was detected in the postpartum maternal serum. The specificity of the antibody directed against platelets was identified as anti‐Naka (CD36). Flow cytometric analysis showed no expression of CD36 in both platelets and monocytes from mother. Mutation analysis revealed two different splicing isoforms of maternal CD36 mRNA. One allele was exon 4 skipping, another was exon 9 skipping, both of which led to a frameshift and produced a truncated CD36 protein. These results indicate that NAIT is caused by maternal CD36 deficiency having CD36 splicing abnormalities.
Ependymal cyst in a cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis)
Authors: Bergin Ingrid L. , Campbell Brandy , Agnew Dalen W 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBackground  A focal hypointense intracranial lesion was detected by magnetic resonance imaging in the right caudal occipital lobe of the cerebrum in an asymptomatic cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis).Results  Following euthanasia, gross evaluation of the lesion revealed a 1 cm diameter, wedge‐shaped intracranial cavitation without apparent communication with the ventricles. Histologically, the lesion was lined by ciliated cuboidal to low columnar epithelium that showed immunopositivity for cytokeratin, S‐100, and GFAP.Conclusion  Based upon the gross, histologic, and immunohistochemical findings, this lesion was classified as an ependymal cyst. In the human patients, ependymal cysts are benign, non‐infectious, non‐inflammatory lesions of the central nervous system that are believed to originate from aberrant migration of ependymal cells during development. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an ependymal cyst in a non‐rodent veterinary species and the first report of a benign intracranial cyst of any classification in a non‐human primate.
Fatal ulcerative colitis in a western lowland gorilla (gorilla gorilla gorilla)
Authors: Lankester F. , Mätz‐Rensing K. , Kiyang J. , Jensen S.A. , Weiss S. , Leendertz F.H. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA captive western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) presented with watery diarrhoea that progressed to become profuse and haemorrhagic. Faecal analyses revealed Balantidium (B.) coli trophozoites and salmonella‐like bacteria. Despite treatment the gorilla died on the 5th day after onset of symptoms. Post‐mortem examination revealed a severe erosive‐ulcerative superficial and deep colitis. Histological examination of post‐mortem samples of the colon showed plentiful B. coli invading into the mucosa and submucosa, whilst PCR screening of bacterial DNA could not confirm any bacteria species which could be connected to the clinical picture. As B. coli is usually a non‐pathogenic gut commensal, and as this animal previously showed evidence of non‐symptomatic infection of B. coli, it is possible that the switch in pathogenicity was triggered by an acute bacterial infection. Despite successful treatment of the bacterial infection the secondary deep invasion of B. coli was not reversed, possibly because of the failure of the treatment regimen, and led to the death of the gorilla.
Genetic parameters for gestation length and the relationship with birth weight and carcass traits in Japanese Black cattle
Authors: IBI Takayuki , KAHI Alexander K. , HIROOKA Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTThe objectives of this study were to estimate genetic parameters for gestation length (GL), including estimation of maternal effects, and to investigate the genetic relationships of GL with birth weight and carcass traits in a Japanese Black cattle population. The original data comprised 34 775 records of animals born from October 1999 to August 2003. Two different models were used to analyze the data for GL. The first model (M1) included direct genetic effect of the calf and maternal genetic effect as random effects. The second model (M2) treated GL as a trait of the dam and included direct genetic effects only. M1 was used in bi‐variate analysis. The direct and maternal heritabilities for GL estimated from M1 were 0.53 and 0.14, respectively. This result shows that GL is moderately inherited and can be controlled genetically. The direct × maternal genetic correlation for GL was −0.73. Direct genetic correlations of GL with carcass traits were close to zero. However, genetic correlation of maternal GL with carcass weight was moderate (0.25).
Effects of serotonin injected into the third ventricle on prolactin and growth hormone secretion in Holstein steers
Authors: KASUYA Etsuko , KUSHIBIKI Shiro , YAYOU Ken‐ichi , ITO Shuichi , SAITO Toshiyuki , HODATE Koichi , SUTOH Madoka 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTIn order to clarify the role of serotonin (5‐HT) in the regulation of pituitary hormones, the effects of 5‐HT injected into the third ventricle (3V) on prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) release were investigated in Holstein steers. A chronic cannula was implanted in 3V by stereotaxic surgery under general anesthesia. After sufficient recovery from surgery, 5‐HT (0, 0.1, 1.0, 2.0 mg) was injected into via the cannula and blood samples were collected over 4 h. Plasma PRL and GH concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. PRL release was significantly stimulated by the injection of 5‐HT. The increase in PRL was observed at 20 min after the injection at three doses and the highest dose (2.0 mg) was the most effective in stimulating PRL release. The injection of 5‐HT into 3V, at all doses tested, did not alter GH release significantly. Our results suggest that 5‐HT is involved in the regulation of PRL release partly through the hypothalamus in cattle.
Mass gathering medicine: The Melbourne 2006 Commonwealth Games experience
Authors: Dutch Martin J , Senini Lisa M , Taylor Deborah J 
Published: May 2008

AbstractObjective:  To investigate the nature and acuity of medical presentations of patrons and staff attending the Melbourne 2006 Commonwealth Games (M2006) venues and festival live sites.Design and setting:  Retrospective case series chart audit of patients who were managed by St John Ambulance during the M2006.Participants:  Patients who presented requiring first‐aid review or treatment at any of the 21 designated event venues or 16 live sites during their prescribed operating hours between 15 March 2006 and 26 March 2006.Main outcome measures:  Provisional diagnosis and ambulance transport to hospital.Results:  A total of 3514 presentations occurred during the study period, of which 2279 (64.9%, 95% CI, 63.3%–66.4%) occurred at event venues. Headaches, soft tissue injuries, blisters and other wounds accounted for 64.1% (95% CI, 62.5%–65.73%) of presentations. A total of 303 patients were referred for further medical care, including 69 patients (1.96%, 95% CI, 1.54%–2.49%) who required transport to hospital via ambulance. Traumatic injuries accounted for 42.0% (95% CI, 30.5%–54.5%) of patients transported by ambulance to hospital. The patient presentation rate across all venues was 0.857 per 1000 patrons. The transport to hospital rate was 0.0186 per 1000 patrons.Conclusions:  The majority of first‐aid presentations during the M2006 were of low acuity and treatment resulted in return of patrons to the event, with only a small number requiring ambulance transport to hospital.
Streaming by case complexity: Evaluation of a model for emergency department Fast Track
Authors: Ieraci Susan , Digiusto Erol , Sonntag Paul , Dann Linda , Fox Debra 
Published: May 2008

AbstractObjectives:  To evaluate a patient flow streaming system within a teaching hospital's ED, using functional principles to separate patients into two streams on the basis of complexity rather than acuity, severity or disposition.Methods:  The project used conceptual principles, such as patient complexity and ‘lean thinking’ theory, to create a new Fast Track patient stream, which was separately resourced. Data collected before and after implementation of the Fast Track system were analysed to evaluate the system.Results:  Following implementation of the system, significant improvements were observed in several key ED performance indicators. Mean waiting time was reduced from 55 to 32 min, mean treatment time was reduced from 209 to 191 min, compliance with New South Wales Department of Health waiting‐time benchmarks increased from 59% to 77% and the percentage of patients who did not wait to complete their treatment halved from 6.2% to 3.1%.Conclusions:  Key features in the success of the system included use of dedicated senior staff for Fast Track patients, and quarantining of clinical resources. The ED aiming to improve their waiting times and throughput should consider using complexity as a key criterion for triaging patients into separate streams. A low‐complexity patient stream in the ED provides an ideal focus for advanced nursing practice.
Effect of a review course on emergency medicine residents' self‐confidence
Authors: Blouin Danielle , Dagnone Luigi Eugene , O'Connor H Michael 
Published: May 2008

AbstractObjectives:  Several organizations offer review courses designed to guide final‐year (postgraduate year five) residents' study for their certification examination. The effect of these courses on residents' confidence is unknown. Self‐confidence has been positively linked with examination performance. The present study measures the impact of a review course on fifth‐year emergency medicine residents' overall confidence and confidence in their: (i) knowledge and its application; (ii) planned study strategies to master the knowledge/application; and (iii) recognition that mastery of knowledge/application had been achieved.Methods:  Before/after study. Over the initial 2 years, 46 postgraduate year five residents from all 12 Canadian emergency medicine programmes attended the course. They prospectively completed a pre‐/post‐course questionnaire on the above‐listed aspects of self‐confidence, for each of 22 clinical domains. A 5‐point Likert‐type scale was used for each question. Pre‐/post‐course means were compared using t‐tests for matched pairs.Results:  Data were complete for 36 participants (78%). The course significantly increased residents' overall self‐confidence (mean difference 0.38, standard error of the mean [SEM] 0.06, P < 0.001), confidence in knowledge/application (mean difference 0.28, SEM 0.06, P < 0.001), in their study strategies to master knowledge/application (mean difference 0.48, SEM 0.08, P < 0.001) and in their recognition of knowledge/application mastery (mean difference 0.45, SEM 0.11, P < 0.001). Domains showing increased self‐confidence did not match domains specifically addressed in the course, suggesting that the course effects extend beyond the selected topics.Conclusions:  A review course increased emergency medicine residents' self‐assessed confidence in their knowledge/application, in their study strategies and in their recognition of mastery, beyond the course specifics.
Efficacy and Safety of Tadalafil in the Treatment of Latin American Men with Erectile Dysfunction: Results of Integrated Analyses
Authors: Rubio-Aurioles Eusebio , Casabé Adolfo , Torres Luiz O. , Quinzaños Luis , Glina Sidney , Filimon Ioana , Kopernicky Vladimir , Leñero Enrique 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Available information on the efficacy and safety of tadalafil on Latin American men comes from reports where data is mixed with other populations.

Aim
To assess the efficacy and safety of tadalafil in Latin American men with erectile dysfunction (ED).

Methods
Integrated analyses of data from four 12-week, randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled trials conducted in Latin America that assessed the efficacy and safety of tadalafil in 406 Latin American men with ED of diverse etiology and severity assigned to placebo (N = 113), 10-mg tadalafil (N = 39), or 20-mg tadalafil (N = 254).

Main Outcome Measures
Efficacy was assessed by International Index of Erectile Function Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) domain, questions 2 to 5 of the Sexual Encounter Profile and the first Global Assessment Question. Adverse events (AEs) reported by all enrolled patients were collected.

Results
Latin American patients treated with 10 or 20 mg of tadalafil had a significant mean improvement of 4.92 and 9.78, respectively, in the IIEF-EF domain score from baseline compared with 2.24 on placebo (P = 0.003 and P &lt; 0.001, respectively, vs. placebo). At both doses, the mean success rate for penetration was 75 and 86%, respectively, compared with 56% on placebo (P ≤ 0.001), the mean success rate for intercourse was 55% and 78%, compared with 36% on placebo (P &lt; 0.001 vs. placebo), and 62% and 91% of patients, respectively, reported improved erections at the end point, vs. 43% on placebo (P = 0.160 and P &lt; 0.001, respectively, vs. placebo). The most frequent AEs were headache, dyspepsia, and back pain.

Conclusion
10 or 20 mg tadalafil was an effective, safe, and well-tolerated therapy for Latin American men with ED of diverse etiology despite of ED severity.
Increased Frequency and Range of Sexual Behavior in a Patient with Parkinson’s Disease After Use of Pramipexole: A Case Report
Authors: Munhoz Renato P. , Fabiani Giorgio , Becker Nilson , Teive Hélio A.G. 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Several recent reports have linked the use of dopamine agonists (DAs) to a variety of compulsive behaviors in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). These inappropriate behaviors may include pathological gambling, compulsive shopping, and hypersexuality.

Aim
To report the case of a patient with increased range of sexual behavior after use of pramipexole, a DA.

Methods
A 67-year-old man with a 7-year diagnosis of PD treated with levodopa and pramipexole presented with a dramatic change in sexual behavior after an increase in DA dose.

Results
The patient, who historically was a very shy and conservative person, started to present increased frequency of sexual intercourse with his wife, during which he began speaking obscenities with an extreme preference for anal intercourse, preferences never requested before. After pramipexole was withdrawn, complete remission was observed with return to his usual sexual behavior.

Conclusions
Hypersexuality and paraphilias are complications not uncommonly found in patients with PD under dopaminergic treatment. Further studies are needed for the understanding of this complex complication, and particularly the most prevalent relationship between pathological hypersexuality and use of DAs.
Intraoperative Assessment of an Implantable Electrode Array for Cavernous Nerve Stimulation
Authors: Burnett Arthur L. , Teloken Patrick E. , Briganti Alberto , Whitehurst Todd , Montorsi Francesco 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Erectile dysfunction remains a major functional complication of radical prostatectomy in the modern era despite surgical techniques to preserve the penile autonomic nerve supply.

Aim
To develop and evaluate a neurostimulation system for cavernous nerve electrical stimulation for future use as a chronic implantation device that neurotrophically promotes erectile function recovery following radical prostatectomy.

Method
After radical retropubic prostatectomy, the neurovascular bundle was stimulated using a temporarily placed electrode array of an implantable neurostimulation system (20 Hz frequency, 260 µ seconds pulse width, 5 mA–60 mA amplitude up to 10 minutes), and penile circumference increases were measured.

Main Outcome Measure
Increase in penile circumference.

Results
Among 12 men (mean age 60.3 years) enrolled in this study, 6 (50%) demonstrated measurable increases in penile circumference in response to cavernous nerve stimulation. Among these six men, the mean increase was 5.0 mm (range 1.6 mm to 7.0 mm). Temporary surgical placement of the device was done with relative ease, and there was no evidence of injury to the neurovascular bundle.

Conclusion
A chronic implantable nerve stimulation system for cavernous nerve stimulation having possible neuromodulatory effects on the recovery of penile erections after radical prostatectomy is feasible.
Hormonal regulation of renomedullary hyaluronan
Authors: Rügheimer L. , Johnsson C. , Maric C. , Hansell P. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractAim:  Hyaluronan (HA) is involved in renomedullary water handling through its water‐binding capacity. This study addressed the effect of hormones involved in regulating fluid‐electrolyte homeostasis on renomedullary HA content in vivo and in vitro.Methods:  The kidneys from rats treated with l‐NAME, indomethacin, vasopressin (AVP) or methylprednisolone (MP) during euvolaemia or water loading were analysed for HA by RIA, ELISA and histochemical staining. HA was measured in renomedullary interstitial cells treated with AVP, angiotensin II (Ang II) or a combination of AVP and Ang II.Results:  Baseline renal cortical and medullary HA content was unaffected by 2 h of intravenous treatment with l‐NAME (NOS inhibitor) or indomethacin (cyclo‐oxygenase inhibitor), whereas AVP reduced medullary HA by 33%. During 2 h of acute water loading, diuresis was accompanied by an increase in renomedullary HA (+45%), but cortical HA was unaffected. In both l‐NAME‐ and indomethacin‐treated animals, the water loading‐induced increase in renomedullary HA was absent, indicating involvement of NO and prostaglandins. After 7 days of MP treatment, medullary HA was reduced by 40%, but the water loading‐induced elevation in HA remained. In cultured renomedullary interstitial cells, AVP reduced the HA content in the supernatant by 63%, and simultaneous treatment with Ang II reduced the HA content even further (95%).Conclusion:  AVP reduces HA content, and NO and prostaglandins are needed for the increase in HA during water loading.
Clinicopathological Outline of Dementia with Lewy Bodies Applying the Revised Criteria: The Hisayama Study
Authors: Fujimi Kouhei , Sasaki Kensuke , Noda Kazuhito , Wakisaka Yoshinobu , Tanizaki Yumihiro , Matsui Yukiko , Sekita Atsuko , Iida Mitsuo , Kiyohara Yutaka , Kanba Shigenobu , Iwaki Toru 
Published: May 2008

AbstractTo explore the validity of the criteria for dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) revised in 2005, we examined community based consecutive autopsy cases. 10.3% of the non‐demented subjects and 31.2% of the demented subjects showed the Lewy body pathology. Applying the revised pathological criteria to the 205 demented subjects, the types of LB pathology of 11 cases (5.4%) were brainstem‐predominant, 24 cases (11.7%) were limbic type and 24 cases (11.7%) were diffuse neocortical type, although there were many subjects not to fit the criteria exactly. The prevalence of Lewy bodies (LBs) was almost same regardless of gender; however, the extent of the LB pathology among females was more severe than that in males. The likelihood of DLB being modified by concomitant Alzheimer's pathology was as follows: 27 cases (13.2%) showed low likelihood, 16 cases (7.8%) showed intermediate likelihood and 16 cases (7.8%) showed high likelihood. Since the numbers of clinical features of DLB were significantly higher in the pathological intermediate and high likelihood DLB groups than in the low likelihood DLB group or no LB group, both the intermediate and high likelihood groups of DLB should be considered as pathological DLB.
Expression of Interleukin‐16 in Sciatic Nerves, Spinal Roots and Spinal Cords of Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis Rats
Authors: Zhang Zhi‐Yuan , Zhang Zhiren , Fauser Uwe , Schluesener Hermann J. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractExperimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is a well‐known animal model of Guillain‐Barré Syndrome. In this study, we studied the spatiotemporal expression of interleukin‐16 (IL‐16) in the nervous system of EAN rats and pharmacological effects of minocycline on IL‐16 expressions in EAN rats. In sciatic nerves and dorsal/ventral roots of EAN rats, IL‐16+ cells, identified as macrophages and T cells, were mainly found to concentrate around blood vessels. However, in spinal cords, IL‐16+ microglial cells were mainly found in lumbar dorsal horns. Massive IL‐16+ cell accumulation in sciatic nerves and spinal roots was temporally correlated with severity of neurological signs of EAN. Furthermore, a strong correlation of IL‐16+ cell accumulation with local demyelination in perivascular areas of sciatic nerves, and significant reduction of IL‐16+ cell numbers in sciatic nerves and spinal cords by minocycline suggested a pathological contribution of IL‐16+ cells in EAN. Taken together, robust IL‐16+ cell accumulation in the nervous system and its temporal correlation with severity of neurological signs in EAN might suggest a pathological role of IL‐16 in EAN, which makes IL‐16 a potential pharmacological target.