bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A clinical, genetic and audiological study of patients and families with unilateral vestibular schwannomas. I. Clinical features of neurofibromatosis in patients with unilateral vestibular schwannomas
Authors: Neary W. J. , Newton V. E. , Laoide-Kemp S. N. , Ramsden R. T. , Griffith G. , Evans D. G. , Harris R. , Strachan T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNinety-three patients with unilateral vestibular schwannomas were examined in a clinical, genetic and audiological study, to determine whether they had features associated with neurofibromatosis Type 1 or neurofibromatosis Type 2. In 91 families, one patient only was found to be affected with a unilateral vestibular schwannoma. Patients did have a few café-au-lait macules, but fewer than six in number. None of the patients satisfied the cutaneous diagnostic criteria for neurofibromatosis Type 1. Neither Lisch nodules nor presenile posterior subcapsular lenticular opacities or cortical opacities were a feature. Five patients with unilateral vestibular schwannomas are described where the clinical findings raised the possibility of neurofibromatosis Type 2. It is suggested that certain individuals with unilateral vestibular schwannomas are at risk of developing neurofibromatosis Type 2. Furthermore, the possibility of neurofibromatosis Type 2 should be considered if more than one individual in a family is found to be affected with a unilateral vestibular schwannoma.
Familial paraganglioma
Authors: Wharton S. M. , Davis A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNon-secreting paragangliomas are rare tumours usually present in the head and neck. We describe an unusual case of familial paraganglioma with cranial nerve palsies. After exhaustive investigation, a vagal paraganglioma was found and excised. The positive family history of paraganglioma was of significance, although this was only present in one of five generations. The diagnosis and management of non-secreting paragangliomas is discussed.
Are the morphology of papillary thyroid carcinoma and the tumour's behaviour correlated?
Authors: Hefer Tsila , Joachims Henry Z. , Eitan Arie , Munichor Mariana 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSix cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma showing clinically highly aggressive behaviour by invading the upper airway and digestive tract structures were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate the morphological variants of the tumours. Four of them were found to be pure papillary and one was a mixed-papillary and follicular-variants regarded as non-aggressive. Only one case was found to be tall cell variant – regarded as an aggressive variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. The findings suggest that the prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma cannot be predicted from its morphological variant and attention should be given to other clinical parameters.
A comparison of partial inferior turbinectomy and cryosurgery for hypertrophic inferior turbinates
Authors: Rakover Yoseph , Rosen Gabriel 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA variety of surgical procedures are performed for treatment of hypertrophic inferior turbinates, but there is no completely effective therapy. We evaluated subjectively and objectively 52 patients who underwent one of two procedures: partial inferior turbinectomy (PIT) or cryosurgery of the inferior turbinates (CS). The results of PIT showed good functional results in 77 per cent of cases for long-term effectiveness. The results of CS showed that effectiveness was reduced from a 62 per cent success rate after one year to 35 per cent later, but CS was a simple procedure which was performed on an outpatient basis with no postoperative morbidity.
A survey to determine the extent of previous symptoms and surgery on patients presenting with nasal polyps
Authors: Schumacher D. U. , Randall C. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of surgery on the nose prior to first time diagnosis of nasal polyps. We interviewed 60 patients who presented to the ENT Department at the Royal South Hants Hospital Southampton and were diagnosed as suffering from nasal polyps for the first time. Patients who suffered from cystic fibrosis or known primary ciliary dyskinesia were excluded.The average length of time of nasal blockage as the main symptom prior to the diagnosis of nasal polyps was less than two years. Out of the 60 patients six (10 per cent) had had previous nasal surgery. Out of these six patients, only four patients had a previous procedure on the nose that could be considered to be related to the later diagnosis of nasal polyps. Only one patient had had radiological investigation of his sinuses in the past.We conclude that polypoid nasal disease is a de novo diagnosis with a relatively short history in the majority of patients and not preceded by a long history of ENT investigations nor surgery on the nose.
CO2 Laser palatoplasty: early results
Authors: Ingrams D. R. , Spraggs P. D. R. , Pringle M. B. , Croft C. B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIt is now widely accepted that snoring causes significant social dysfunction. In the absence of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, palatal surgery offers a very good chance of eliminating or reducing snoring. The traditional operation of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty remains the ‘gold standard’, but may be complicated by velopharyngeal incompetence, severe post-operative pain and even nasopharyngeal stenosis. A newer technique to reduce snoring caused by palatal flutter by using a neodymnium: yttrium aluminium garnet laser to stiffen the soft palate has been introduced recently by another unit. We show that this procedure can be carried out using a CO2 laser, and present the initial results of the first 29 patients operated on at The Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital.
Pseudocyst of the auricle: a new method of treatment
Authors: Hegde Ramesh , Bhargava Samir , Bhargava K. B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPseudocyst of the auricle is a condition where spontaneous serous fluid collection is seen on the lateral surface of the pinna. The aetiology of this condition is not known. Several methods of treatment have been advocated in the past. We report 10 cases of unilateral pseudocyst who were treated with aspiration and pressure dressing by a plaster of Paris cast over the pinna for two weeks.
Malignant otitis externa in HIV and AIDS
Authors: Hern J. D. , Almeyda J. , Thomas D. M. , Main J. , Patel K. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMalignant otitis externa is a necrotising infection of the external ear canal which may spread to include the mastoid and petrous parts of the temporal bone, leading to skull base osteomyelitis. It is almost exclusively caused by infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and usually occurs in elderly non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients. However isolated cases have been reported in a small number of non-diabetic patients, particularly in children who are immunocompromised due to malignancy, malnutrition and severe anaemia. In 1984 a case of malignant otitis externa was reported in a child with an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-like illness, prior to identification of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Since that time further sporadic cases of this invasive infection have been reported in HIV and AIDS. We present two further cases and also a review of the current literature.
T-cell-rich histiocyte-rich B-Cell lymphoma of parotid gland
Authors: McCluggage W. G. , McManus D. , Maxwell P. , Walsh M. Y. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe describe a malignant lymphoma of the parotid gland arising in a patient with Sjögren's syndrome. Diagnosis was established on needle biopsy which showed a mixed population of lymphoid cells. Immunohistochemistry revealed B-lymphoid cells, T-lymphoid cells and histiocytes. Clonal immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement was demonstrated using the polymerase chain reaction. Within the confines of the small biopsy, the lesion qualifies for the designation T-cell-rich histiocyte-rich B-cell lymphoma. The value of molecular techniques in the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma on limited tissue samples is highlighted by this case.
Vestibular nerve section following previous mastoidectomy
Authors: Parikh Abhi A. , Brookes Gerald B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractVestibular neurectomy is an effective procedure in the management of vertigo due to active labyrinthine disease. Various approaches have been developed for selectively sectioning the vestibular nerve, in order to preserve serviceable hearing and avoid facial nerve injury.In patients who have a mastoid cavity, from previous surgery for chronic otitis media, the approach to the vestibular nerve has to be modified. Considerations taken into account are cavity infection, hearing status, and the presence of associated loud tinnitus.Vestibular or vestibulo-cochlear nerve section has been undertaken, by the senior author, in eight patients with a mastoid cavity from previous surgery for chronic otitis media. Translabyrinthine, retrosigmoid and middle fossa approaches have all been used; strategies for selection of each specific technique are considered, and the aetiology of post-chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) peripheral vestibular disease discussed.
Congenital laryngeal cysts: current approach to management
Authors: Pak Martin Wai , Sang Woo John Kong , van Hasselt Charles Andrew 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCongenital laryngeal cysts are a rare cause of neonatal upper airway obstruction which may lead to serious morbidity and mortality if diagnosis and treatment are delayed. We reviewed our experience with nine patients over a six-year period. The annual incidence of this condition was 1.82 per 100,000 live births. The diagnosis can be confirmed safely by flexible laryngoscopy before definitive surgery is contemplated. Contrary to other studies, we found that endoscopic removal of cysts can achieve an effective cure without recurrence. Endoscopic deroofing is as effective as endoscopic excision but is technically simpler and thus is recommended as the treatment of choice.
ENT surgery in children with inherited bleeding disorders
Authors: Conlon B. , Daly N. , Temperely I. , McShane D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractInherited bleeding disorders are frequently considered an absolute contraindication to tonsillectomy and other ENT procedures. Over a 15-year period we have performed ten elective tonsillectomies and five bilateral myringotomies on children with inherited bleeding disorders. All procedures were carried out with the close co-operation of the Haematology Department in the hospital. All patients underwent uneventful surgery. One patient returned after tonsillectomy with a secondary haemorrhage which did not require surgical intervention. We present our team approach to the management of these children and demonstrate that necessary surgical intervention can be undertaken safely in this select group of patients.
Idiopathic tracheal stenoses
Authors: Harries P. G. , Mason P. S. , Ramsay A. D. , Carruth J. A. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe case histories are presented of three patients with circumferential subglottic stenoses who presented, over a six-month period, to a teaching hospital's Otolaryngology department. No recognisable cause for their subglottic stenoses was found. Traumatic, iatrogenic, infectious and specific inflammatory processes were excluded. The histopathological evidence suggested a chronic inflammatory process. All patients were treated by resecting the stenosis with a carbon dioxide laser. One patient required an emergency tracheostomy for airway obstruction. A review of the published literature on this rare condition is given.
Caustic injury of the oesophagus. Sixteen years experience, and introduction of a new model oesophageal stent
Authors: Berkovits R. N. P. , Bos C. E. , Wijburg F. A. , Holzki J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCaustic ingestion can lead to oesophageal stenosis. We studied 251 patients, 205 of whom were children, in a sixteen-year period. Seventeen patients, of whom one was an adult, acquired deep burns in the oesophagus which had to be treated, to prevent the development of oesophageal strictures. These patients were treated with long-term stenting of the oesophagus with specially designed, silicone rubber stents, impregnated with silicone oil 20 cS, designed by one of us (R.N.P.B.) as the only treatment. Of all models, the twin-tube dilatator was the most satisfactory. No corticosteroids were administered. Only one patient developed a mild stenosis. It is therefore our opinion that, when life-saving operations are not indicated, twin-tube stenting of the oesophagus is helpful in treating caustic lesions of the oesophagus and will prevent stricture formation. Corticosteroids were not given in this series, and should be abandoned in the treatment of caustic lesions.
Airway obstruction in children due to plexiform neurofibroma of the larynx
Authors: Ejnell Hasse , Järund Mia , Bailey Martin , Lindeman Pontus 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPlexiform neurofibroma of the larynx is a rare disease. Three cases in children with airway obstruction are presented. After tumour reduction via a lateral pharyngotomy their tracheostomies could be closed. The surgical treatment of plexiform neurofibroma of the superior laryngeal nerve is discussed and conservative, subtotal resection is recommended.
Estimation of otitis media in ancient populations: A study of past and present Greenlandic Inuit
Authors: Homøe P. , Lynnerup N. , Skovgaard L. T. , Rasmussen N. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractExamination of disease patterns in the past has often been difficult due to lack of morphological evidence. This study presents a new unbiased method estimation of occurences of infectioous middle ear disease (IMED) in childhood. The method is based on the relation between IMED in childhood and small or asymmetric pneumatized cell areas in the temporal bones as seen on standrdised X-rays.A Polychotomous logitic regression mofel was applied on 434 pneumatized cell areas in temporal bones from 34 adult living Greenlandic Inuit, 56 adult crania from the 18th to the 19th century A. D. and 127 adult inuit crania from the Pre-European colonization period (before A. D. 1721) of Greenland. The occurence of IMED as designated by the model was eight out of 34 (23.5 per cent) in living Inuit, 10 out of 56 (17.9 per cent) in crania form the 18th to 19th century and six out of 127 (4.7 per cent) in crania form the pre/colonization period. These frequencies differed significantly (p<0.002). The mean area size also differed significantly, thus indicating a change in occurence of IMED and a decrease in area sizes from past to presentin Greenland.
Cystic lesions of the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses: report of two unusual cases
Authors: Vele D. D. , Sengupta S. K. , Dubey S. P. , Dokup M. K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe clinicopathological features of two unusual cystic lesions, one arising in the nose, a calcified mucocoele or a calcified retention cyst and the other in the maxillary sinus a dentigerous cyst originating in a supernumerary tooth, are described. The literature on these two rare lesions is briefly reviewed.
The Scottish tonsillectomy audit
Authors: Blair R. L. , McKerrow W. S. , Carter N. W. , Fenton A. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryRegional specialist societies offer a valuable mechanism for the conduct of medical audit. The experience of the audit sub-committee of The Scottish Otolaryngological Society in conducting an audit on laryngeal cancer encouraged us to undertake a larger audit of tonsillectomy practice in Scotland. Although the number of tonsillectomies performed has declined over the last 10 years, they still account for about 20 per cent of all operations performed by otolaryngologists and as such are a major consumer of resources (Personal communication – Directorate of Information Services, Information and Statistics Division. NHS in Scotland, Management Executive, Edinburgh). The Scottish tonsillectomy audit was devised to define current practice, review indications for surgery and recommend such modifications in practice as may be necessary to optimise patient care and the use of resources. Funding was obtained from the Clinical Resource and Audit Group (CRAG) of the Scottish Home and Health Department.Data on current practice was collected during the period February 1992 to January 1993. Proformas were completed by medical, administrative and secretarial staff in all participating hospitals, collected by an audit secretary and passed to the relevant data collection centre. Data was then entered into a specially designed database before being forwarded to the audit co-ordinator based in Dundee for collation. Six and 12 months following surgery, all inpatients were sent a questionnaire to obtain data on the efficacy of the operation.Data were obtained from a total of 9 773 patients. Two thousand and seventy-nine of these were seen as both outpatients and inpatients, 4 309 were outpatients only and 3 385 were inpatients only. Four thousand, one hundred and one patients returned at least one follow-up questionnaire.The topics audited included source and reason for referral, indications for surgery, grade of staff involved, type of surgery and length of stay in hospital. In agreement with previous studies (H.M.S.O., 1989), differences were found in the rates of tonsillectomy performed in different Health Boards. Although the highest referral and operation rates were found in the Highland region, referral and operation rates did not correlate in all other areas. Recurrent tonsillitis was the most frequent principal reason for the decision to operate although there were differences between Health Boards for other indications including obstructive symptoms. Most patients had symptoms for two to three years although some patients had been affected for 40 years prior to being listed for tonsillectomy. Some area ENT services were consultant-based while others involved more junior staff. The grade of staff involved did not appear to affect the decision made at the Outpatient Department (OPD) or the outcome of the operation.Ninety-eight per cent of patients who returned the questionnaire were glad that the operation had been performed.Recommendations regarding changes in tonsillectomy practice are given.
The Birmingham bone anchored hearing aid programme: surgical methods and complications
Authors: Proops David W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSince 1988, 309 patients have been referred to the Birmingham bone anchored hearing aid programme for assessment. One hundred and eighty-eight have been fitted with bone anchored hearing aids (BAHA). Of these 169 have been fitted with a BAHA alone and 20 with a BAHA and auricular prosthesis(es).Only four (2.1 per cent) are not wearing their BAHAs. Three cases because the hearing had continued to deteriorate and in one case because of repeated failure to integrate. Nineteen patients (10.1 per cent) have lost fixtures but all but one of these have been successfully reimplanted. Of these 19 patients 10 (52.6 per cent) were syndromal and 10 (52.6 per cent) were under 16 years of age.A surgical method has been evolved both to cope with predictable failure of integration and soft tissue control.
The Birmingham bone anchored hearing aid programme: referrals, selection, rehabilitation, philosophy and adult results
Authors: Cooper H. R. , Burrell S. P. , Powell R. H. , Proops D. W. , Bickerton J. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe Birmingham bone anchored hearing aid team is part of the Birmingham osseointegrated programme. In the first seven years of its existence it has received 309 referrals. Twenty-six per cent had suffered a congenital conductive hearing loss and 74 per cent had an acquired conductive hearing loss; the majority secondary to chronic suppurative otitis media.This report is of 68 out of 106 adults wearing bone anchored hearing aids (BAHAs). Ninety-eight per cent showed audiological improvement with the congenital group demonstrating marginally the best freefield thresholds and speech discrimination. Questionnaire data as to the patient experience confirms the benefits especially hearing in noise, and comfort, and the vast majority were more satisfied with the bone anchored hearing aid than their previous aid.
The Birmingham bone anchored hearing aid programme: paediatric experience and results
Authors: Powell R. H. , Burrell S. P. , Cooper H. R. , Proops D. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOver a five-year period, 34 patients have been referred to the Birmingham bone anchored hearing aid programme, paediatric section, of whom 21 are now wearing the bone anchored hearing aid (BAHA) and four are awaiting surgery for fitting of the BAHA. Of the patients assessed, found to be suitable and who proceeded to surgery for the BAHA, 44 per cent had Treacher Collins syndrome, 28 per cent had bilateral atresia or microtia, 16 per cent had Goldenhaar's syndrome, four per cent (one patient) had branchio-oto-renal syndrome and eight per cent had chronic suppurative otitis media. This paper presents objective and subjective data collected from these patients. It is shown that the BAHA is a very effective hearing aid for children with congenital hearing loss.
The bone anchored hearing aid—The third option for otosclerosis
Authors: Burrell S. P. , Cooper H. C. , Proops D. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe bone anchored hearing aid (BAHA) has mainly been used for the treatment of hearing loss in patients with congenital conductive problems or chronic suppurative otitis media.In a five-year period, 32 otosclerotic patients have been referred to the Queen Elizabeth Hospital for consideration of a BAHA. Ten of these patients have been fitted and gained benefit compared to their previous hearing aid. The benefits are not necessarily those in hearing ability but in some cases relate to cosmetic or comfort improvements. This paper demonstrates that the BAHA offers a third treatment option for otosclerosis in patients who cannot or will not undergo stapedectomy and experience difficulty with conventional hearing aids.
Closure of the nasal cavities in the treatment of refractory hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia
Authors: Lund Valerie J. , Howard David J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFrom a cohort of 35 patients with hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), 12 patients have undergone closure of the one or both nasal cavities during the last three years for refractory epistaxis. All had failed other forms of treatment including hormone therapy, laser coagulation and septodermoplasty. All patients were available for follow-up at six months or longer. In all patients where complete closure was achieved (11 out of 12) bleeding ceased completely from the operated side.
Results of reconstruction with free forearm flap following laryngopharyngo-oesophageal resection
Authors: Akin Istemihan , Torkut Ahmet , Ustünsoy Engin , TaŞkoparan Gürkan , Gürzumar Ata 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe main challenge after total laryngopharyngeal and cervical oesophageal resection for laryngopharyngeal carcinoma, is to provide a suitable feeding conduit which improves the quality of life for the patient. Reconstruction with a tubed free forearm flap can solve the feeding problem to some extent, providing a thin and pliable fasciocutaneous conduit that accommodates well with the thin mucosa of the pharynx and oesophagus.In this study immediate reconstruction of the pharyngo-oesophagus by free forearm flaps is reported in nine patients with advanced laryngopharyngeal and oropharyngeal carcinoma. The vascularization of the flap is very good, thus rendering this flap to be reliable. The average time for the commencement of oral feeding was 16 days. There was one flap failure (11 per cent), due to venous thrombosis which was replaced by a deltopectoral flap. Long term stenosis did not occur because of the two triangles created at the distal end of the flap which were inserted to the opposite triangular defects at the proximal oesophageal stump.Donor site morbidities were minimal and scarring of the forearm was acceptable for all the patients.