bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy of stage III‐A and B lung carcinoma using the pacco regimen
Authors: Takita Hiroshi , Blumenson Leslie E. , Raghavan Derek 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPreviously, we reported an effective chemotherapeutic combination regimen for non‐small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC): cisplatinum, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, CCNU, and vincristine (PACCO).Forty‐one patients with a diagnosis of NSCLC Stages III‐A and III‐B were entered into the protocol of neoadjuvant PACCO chemotherapy. Following two courses of chemotherapy, the patients were evaluated for surgical therapy. The overall response rate to the chemotherapy was 60%. Subsequently, 65% of the patients underwent surgical resection. The overall estimated median survival was 18 months. The survival of patients in III‐A was 36 months and that of III‐B was 18 months (95% confidence lower bounds for III‐A: 8 months and for III‐B: 13 months). There was one chemotherapy‐related mortality but no surgical mortality.Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with PACCO regiment offers an alternative to chemoradiation therapy, without increasing the surgical mortality, and should be validated in a randomized clinical trial. For successful neoadjuvant chemotherapy of Stage III NSCLC, chemotherapy combination which would give a high response rate without significant side effects must be chosen.
Tumour excision plus continuous tamoxifen compared with modified radical mastectomy in patients over 70 years of age with operable breast cancer
Authors: Van Zyl Jacobus Alwyn , Muller Anna Gertruida S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBetween 1985 and 1991, we randomly assigned 77 women over the age of 70 years with stage I‐3a breast cancer to undergo a modified radical mastectomy or tumour excision followed by tamoxifen. Median follow‐up was 45 months.Patients treated by tumour excision and tamoxifen had a significantly better survival (P = 0.04). The disease‐free survival of the tumour excision and tamoxifen group was close to significantly better (P = 0.10).Only two patients in the tamoxifen group required an axillary dissection on follow‐up for progressive nodal enlargement. Two patients underwent a local mastectomy for locally recurrent disease.We conclude that tumour excision followed by continous tamoxifen is an acceptable, safe alternative to a modified radical mastectomy in patients over 70 years of age.
Surgical management and follow‐up of medullary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Marzano Luigi A. , Porcelli Alberto , Biondi Bernadette , Lupoli Glovanni , Delrio Paolo , Lombardi Gaetano , Zarrilli Lucio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBetween 1977 and 1990 we operated on 33 patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma. We performed total thyroidectomy in 31 patients and central node dissection and/or lateral modified node dissection in 21 patients (63.3%). Two patients underwent radiotherapy after subtotal resection and tracheostomy. No perioperative death occurred. Twenty‐five patients were followed (mean follow‐up, 63.8 months) and 8 others were unavailable for follow‐up. Three patients (1 with multiple endocrine neoplasia type IIB, 2 sporadic with distant metastases) died of their disease at 12, 18 and 36 months after initial operation. Of the remaining 22 patients, 4 with stage II disease were normocalcitoninemic even with pentagastrin stimulation, following total thyroidectomy and bilateral modified neck dissection and central node dissection. Eighteen other patients continued to have elevated calcitonin levels postoperatively. Only 10 patients with known cervical metastatic disease were reoperated upon. We performed extensive node dissection in all. In addition we resected recurrent tumor from the thyroid bed in 4 patients. Despite these extensive reoperations no patient became normocalcitoninemic. At the completion of the study (December 1991), 22 of the 25 patients followed were alive: 4 patients with normal calcitonin levels, baseline and after pentagastrin stimulation, and 18 with persistent mildly elevated calcitonin levels but no other evidence of disease. Our experience supports a very aggressive surgical approach at the time of the first operation for patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma. A lesser operation usually resulted in residual medullary thyroid carcinoma in the neck. We demonstrate the difficulty of achieving a cure by reoperation once the tumor becomes demonstrable by localization studies.
Flow cytometric analysis of nuclear dna content in tissues of colon cancer using endoscopic biopsy specimens
Authors: Nishida Koichi , Takano Hirohisa , Yoneda Mitsuru , Ohtsuki Tsuneaki , Fujii Mitsuhiro , Terasawa Yoshimitsu , Yamane Etsuo , Nishioka Bunzo , Namura Kenji , Yoshikawa Toshikazu , Kondo Motoharu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFlow cytometric assay of nuclear DNA in endoscopic biopsy specimens was evaluated in colon cancer patients. When the cells were divided into diploid cells and aneuploid cells, aneuploidy was observed in 63% (58 of 92) of the colon cancer patients. However, no clear relation was observed between the frequency of aneuploidy and the invasive depth, size, or histological type of colon cancer. Noncancerous portions of the colon tissues including colon adenoma or normal mucosa were mostly (96%, 87 of 91) diploid. Nuclear DNA content could be analyzed in the fresh biopsy specimens of colon cancer tissues and such investigation might be possibly valuable for further biological characterization of colon cancer in the usual procedure of clinical diagnosis for colonic malignancy before surgical operation or other treatment.
Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast: Sensitivity to cisplatinum‐based chemotherapy
Authors: Dejager Dawn , Redlich Philip N. , Dayer Anne M. , Davis Hugh L. , Komorowski Richard A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrimary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the breast is a rare malignancy whose optimal treatment and prognosis anre unknown. A patient with SCC whose tumor responded dramatically to chemotherapy as part of multimodal treatment is presented. A 61‐year‐old woman had a palpable 5.5‐cm tender left breast mass with overlying skin edema and erythema and irregular margins by mammography. Fine needle aspiration revealed malignant squamous cells with keratinization; incisional biopsy confirmed SCC. Extensive evaluation for an extramammary primary site of disease was negative.Neoadjuvant cisplatinum and 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) led to tumor shrinkage and complete resolution of pain and erythema. Modified radical mastectomy with post‐operative chest wall radiation were performed. Neither residual invasive carcinoma nor metastatic nodal disease was found, though intraductal carcinoma with marked squamous features was identified. The patient remains disease‐free 2.5 years after diagnosis. Cisplatinum‐based chemotherapy should be considered in the treatment regimen of this disease.
Surgical treatment of patients with gastric carcinoma and duodenal invasion
Authors: Kakeji Yoshihiro , Korenaga Daisuke , Baba Hideo , Watanabe Akihiro , Tsujitani Shunichi , Maehara Yoshihiko , Sugimachi Keizo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe retrospectively examined the extent of invasion of gastric cancer with duodenal involvement in order to design pertinent surgical procedures that may lead to a better prognosis. Examinations were made on excised tissues from 650 patients who underwent gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma in the gastric antrum. In 95 patients, the cancer cells extended to beyond the pyloric ring. Spread into the duodenum was limited to within 2 cm in 76% of the patients and to within 3 cm in 81%. In addition to high rates of metastasis in group 1 and 2 lymph nodes, some group 3 lymph nodes also were involved, and more frequently so in cases with duodenal invasion than in those without such invasion (P < 0.01). The 5‐year survival rate for patients with duodenal invasion was 35.4% when a curative resection was done. For patients with advanced adenocarcinoma with duodenal invasion, gastrectomy with resection of 3–4 cm of the duodenum and dissection of group 1, 2, and 3 lymph nodes were recommended.
Immunohistochemically demonstrated expression of HLA‐DR antigen in colorectal adenocarcinomas and its relation to clinicopathological features
Authors: Morita Mika , Tanaka Kanji , Kawanishi Hiroshi , Tsuji Masazumi , Ookusa Tokio , Takada Hideho , Okamura Akiharu , Hioki Koshiro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe studied 148 colorectal adenocarcinomas to clarify any correlation between HLA‐DR antigen expression on tumor cells and histopathological features. Paraffin sections of formalin‐fixed tissues were stained with HLA‐DR antigen using the indirect immunoperoxidase technique. All the tumor tissues were divided into two groups, depending on the incidence of HLA‐DR‐positive cells (greater and lesser than 50%). Carcinoma tissues with a higher incidence showed less mural invasion, lymphoductal invasion, venous invasion, lymphonodular metastasis, and peritoneal metastasis. Tissues with a high HLA‐DR reactivity were more often observed for Dukes' A and B stages, whereas those with a low HLA‐DR positivity were frequently Dukes' C and D stages. As for the cumulative survival rate, the group with high HLA‐DR expression demonstrated significantly better survival. We speculate that HLA‐DR expression by colorectal cancer cells exerts a favorable influence on clinical course.
Effect of exogenous testosterone replacement on prostate‐specific antigen and prostate‐specific membrane antigen levels in hypogonadal men
Authors: Douglas Thomas H. , Connelly Roger R. , McLeod David G. , Erickson Sheila J. , Iii Robert Barren , Murphy Gerald P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrevious studies have suggested that serum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels are under androgenic influence, especially in patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate. PSMA (prostate‐specific membrane antigen) is thought to reflect hormonal or clonal resistance or an independence with respect to testosterone regulation. The influence of testosterone on serum PSA expression in normal men is not clear. We studied the effect of exogenous testosterone administration on the serum levels of PSA and PSMA in hypogonadal men. Serial serum PSA, serum PSMA by Western blot, and serum total testosterone levels were obtained at intervals of every 2–4 weeks in 10 hypogonadal men undergoing treatment with exogenous testosterone, delivered as testosterone enanthate injection or by testosterone patch. Linear and quadratic orthogonal polynomial scores were calculated for PSMA, PSA, and testosterone. A 2‐tailed, paired t‐test failed to demonstrate a significant correlation between serum PSA (linear P = 0.432, quadratic P = 0.290) or PSMA (linear P = 0.162, quadratic P = 0.973) and serum testosterone levels. This study suggests that in hypogonadal men, neither PSMA nor PSA expression is testosterone‐dependent.
Macroscopic intraoperative diagnosis of serosal invasion and clinical outcome of gastric cancer: Risk of underestimation
Authors: Ichiyoshi Yuji , Maehara Yoshihiko , Tomisaki Shin‐Ichi , Oiwa Hisao , Sakaguchi Yoshihisa , Ohno Shinji , Sugimachi Keizo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractData on 715 Japanese patients with gastric cancer were studied retrospectively with regard to the relationship between macroscopic and microscopic diagnoses of serosal invasion and clinicopathological factors affecting the accuracy of the macroscopic diagnosis. Although there was no macroscopic evidence of serosal invasion intraoperatively (SO or S1), there was histological evidence of cancer cells on the serosal surface in 69 patients (9.7%). In these serosal invasion‐positive cases, the tumors were larger; were located more commonly in the upper third, lesser and greater curvatures of the stomach; were Borrmann type 3 or type 4 tumors, and of an undifferentiated histologic type with an infiltrative growth pattern more commonly, and had more extensive lymphatic and vascular vessel invasion and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.01). Total gastrectomy was done more often for the serosal invasion‐positive group, but the extent of lymph node dissection was comparable. Cases of a noncurative resection because of a positive surgical margin were more frequent in the serosal invasion‐positive gorup (8/69 vs. 14/646, P < 0.01), and most had undifferentiated and infiltrative cancers. The 10‐year survival rates were 49.2% and 85.5% for patients with and without serosa invasion, respectively. These findings clearly show that the serosal surface, especially in cases of the undifferentiated or infiltrative type of gastric cancer, must be closely inspected intraoperatively.
Completion thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Eroǧlu Aydan , Berberoǧlu Uǧur , Buruk Fatma , Yildirim Emin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCompletion thyroidectomy is defined as the surgical removal of the remnant thyroid tissue following procedures less than total or near‐total thyroidectomy. The extent of surgical management for differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is controversial. Although some authors advocate subtotal thyroidectomy with lower complication rates, total or near‐total thyroidectomy and completion thyroidectomy have been defended by others because of the improved survival and lower morbidity that is comparable with subtotal thyroidectomy. In this study, the incidence of residual tumor and surgical complication rates in patients who underwent completion thyroidectomy were investigated. The medical records of 165 patients undergoing completion thyroidectomy for DTC were reviewed. Seventyseven (46.6%) of these patients were found to have residual tumor in the remaining thyroid tissue. Anaplastic transformation developed in two of these patients. Permanent bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy occurred in three patients, and permanent hypoparathyroidism was seen in one patient. We recommend completion thyroidectomy as an efficient and safe method of surgical treatment with a low complication rate for DTC.
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma occurring in the surface epithelium over a benign tumor
Authors: Kuwano Hiroyuki , Sadanaga Noriaki , Watanabe Masayuki , Yasuda Mitsuhiro , Nozoe Tadahiro , Sugimachi Keizo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe coexistence of a benign tumor and carcinoma in the same esophagus is uncommon, while the occurrence of carcinoma in the surface epithelium over a benign tumor is considered to be extremely rare. Among 587 patients with surgically resected esophageal cancer, the cases with carcinoma located over a benign tumor of the esophageal cancer, the cases with carcinoma located over a benign tumor of the esophagus were histopathologically investigated and the carcinogenesis of such cases was discussed. Only three cases were found to have esophageal squamous cell carcinoma located over benign tumors (two were leiomyomas and one was a lipoma). All three benign tumors protruded to the esophageal surface, and the carcinoma was located just over such tumors without coexisting epithelial dysplasia. Moreover, the epithelium, except for portions around these tumors, was intact in all three cases. From these findings it was suggested that chronic stimulation of the epithelium covering the benign tumors might have induced the carcinoma.
Fresh colorectal tumor cells isolated from individual patients differ in their susceptibility to monocyte mediated cytotoxicity
Authors: Schuurman Bart , Beelen Robert H. J. , Heuff Gijsbert , Scheper Rik J. , Claessen Anke M. E. , Meyer Sybren 
Published: February 2007

AbstractStudies on monocyte/macrophage mediated cytotoxicity usually pertain to the use of cell lines that are liable to antigenic and structural changes. Therefore we compared monocyte mediated cytotoxicity against colorectal tumor cell lines (WiDR, HT29, SW620, and SW948) with fresh colorectal tumor cells from patients. Fresh tumor cells were isolated from surgical specimens by a short enzymatic treatment (Collagenase/DNAse). Monocytes were obtained from one healthy donor. Cytotoxicity was determined using the MTT‐assay. Fresh colorectal tumor cells displayed a similar differential susceptibility to cytotoxic monocytes as cell lines. Cytotoxicity against fresh tumor cells ranged from 4.9% to 50.4% at E/T ratio 5 (n = 9). Activation of monocytes with Interferon‐γ (100 U/ml) induced an increase of 6.2% ± 1.6 (n = 4, P = 0.06). In this study we demonstrate monocyte mediated cytotoxicity against colorectal tumor cells isolated from individual patients. This may be important in view of the development of adoptive immunotherapy and cell‐directed immunotherapy. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intraoperative peritoneal washing cytology with the rapid immunoperoxidase method using microwave irradiation
Authors: Nomoto Shuji , Nakao Akimasa , Takeuchi Yuuki , Nonami Toshiaki , Harada Akio , Ichihara Tohru , Takagi Hiroshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe rapid immunocytochemical staining of gastrointestinal cancer‐associated antigens, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (CA19–9), for intraoperative peritoneal washing cytology of pancreatic or biliary carcinoma can be completed in only 25 minutes by using microwave irradiation to accelerate incubation of the primary antibody. Only 3‐second irradiation at 500 W for fresh smears produced specific antigen staining of malignant cells similar to that obtained with longer incubation, and the sensitivity of intraoperative cytology was greater than by the conventional staining method. The rapid immunocytochemical staining method of peritoneal washings at laparotomy can provide sensitive information for determining more aggressive therapy for intraperitoneal spread of malignant cells before closing the abdominal wall. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adenoma‐carcinoma sequence: A reappraisal with immunohistochemical expression of ferritin
Authors: Yang Hsiao‐Bai , Hsu Ping‐I , Lee Jen‐Chang , Chan Shih‐Huang , Lin Xi‐Zhang , Chow Nan‐Haw 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo examine the biological significance of ferritin (FRN) expression, a retrospective immunohistochemical study was performed in normal coIonic mucosae (n = 8), adenomas (n = 88), and colorectal carcinomas (n = 104). FRN was present in some epithelia in the crypt base of normal colonic mucosae. Significant cytoplasmic staining for FRN was revealed in 26 (29.5%) cases of adenoma and 54 cases (51.9%) of adenocarcinoma. The cancer cells had a higher proportion of FRN expression than those of adenomas or non‐neoplastic mucosae (P < 0.001). Expression of FRN showed a positive association with the degree of dysplasia (P = 0.039) and the distal location of adenoma (P = 0.013). FRN expression tended to be associated with the tumor size (P = 0.083), but no substantial difference was observed among the histologic types of adenoma (P = 0.754). The results suggest that cytoplasmic FRN expression is associated with cellular proliferation. The proliferative index shows a significant difference through the adenoma‐carcinoma sequence. Further investigation is necessary to clarify the clinical implication of FRN expression in tumor cells and normal‐appearing mucosae. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Management of lymph node metastases in breast cancer and gastric cancer
Authors: Noguchi Masakuni , Miyazaki Itsuo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe management of regional lymph node metastases in breast cancer and gastric cancer is reviewed. Regional lymph node metastasis is a critical prognostic factor in these diseases, but there is an apparent discrepancy in the efficacy of regional lymph node dissection between them. A number of prospective randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that regional lymph node dissection improves the regional control of breast cancer, but does not improve the survival. On the other hand, only retrospective or prospective comparative studies have shown that extended lymph node dissection significantly improves the survival in gastric cancer. Although the discrepancy in the regional lymph node dissection between breast and gastric cancers has been explained by differences in their biological behaviors, caution must still be exercised in drawing conclusions from these nonrandomized studies. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of intraportal administration of chemoimmunotherapeutic agents on natural killer cell activity in the rat liver
Authors: Rafique Mohammad , Adachi Wataru 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo evaluate the effects of continuous intraportal chemotherapy on tumor immunity of the liver, natural killer (NK) cell activity was estimated in the rat liver. In an in vitro study, NK‐enriched mononuclear cells collected from rat liver were incubated with 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) alone and with a 5‐fluorouracil/mitomycin C (5‐FU/MMC) combination at different concentrations. NK activity was measured after 24‐hour incubation. In an in vivo study, the continuous intraportal administration of chemotherapeutic (5‐FU/MMC) and chemo‐immunotherapeutic (5‐FU/MMC/lentinan) agents was carried out in rats for 5 days, and NK‐enriched mononuclear cells were then collected from the liver for the measurement of NK activity. Neither 5‐FU alone nor the 5‐FU/MMC combination affected NK activity in vitro. In the in vivo study, however, the 5‐FU/MMC combination significantly decreased NK activity, and the addition of lentinan recovered the activity to the control level. It can thus be concluded that the intraportal administration of chemotherapeutic agents reduces NK activity in the liver and the addition of an immunostimulator to such agents prevents this reduction. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mastectomy as the preferred treatment for breast cancer among new immigrants from the former USSR
Authors: Kaufman Zvi , Shpitz Baruch , Rozin Mona 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSixty‐four new immigrant patients with primary breast cancer who arrived in Israel since 1990 were compared to 322 Israeli women with primary breast cancer. New immigrant patients had a more advanced stage at diagnosis (stage III+IV 28% vs. 13% respectively, P = 0.00005); larger mean tumor size (3.08 ±1.7 cm vs. 2.25 ±1.4 cm respectively, P = 0.00002); and more involved lymph nodes (3.8 ± 5.3 vs. 1.8 ± 3.3 P = 0.0002). Forty‐seven percent of new immigrants had breast‐conserving surgery compared to 69% of the Israelis (P = 0.0004). In stage II 51% of the new immigrants had conservative surgery compared to 74% in the Israeli group (P = 0.03). Mastectomy was recommended to 39 Israeli patients and to six immigrants. Only 19% of the Israeli group requested mastectomy compared to 44% in the new immigrant group. Most of the new immigrant patients chose mastectomy although breast‐conserving surgery was an equal alternative. The reasons for choosing mastectomy as the preferred mode of treatment were related to economic problems, different life concepts, and other priorities. Constant surveillance and considerable enlightenment are needed in the new immigrant population, so that they will be able to separate the disease and its treatment from their paramedical problems. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.