bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foreign Language Teachers and Intercultural Competence Teaching. Are they in Favour or Against It? Results from an International Investigation
Authors: Sercu Lies 
Published: September 2006

Foreign language curricula now frequently require foreign language teachers to integrate intercultural competence teaching in foreign language education. This study's objective was to investigate whether and to what extent foreign language teachers support this new objective. To that aim, an international research design was developed, involving teachers in Belgium, Bulgaria, Greece, Mexico, Poland, Spain and Sweden.Our findings suggest that the larger part of the teachers who participated in our study are clearly willing to teach intercultural communicative competence (icc) in their classrooms, but that this overall positive disposition is conditioned by a number of convictions regarding the best way to teach ICC. In addition, we found that, despite differences in national teaching circumstances, teachers in different countries share a number of these convictions.
Jordanian EFL Teachers' Perceptions of the Appropriateness of Action Pack Textbooks
Authors: Al-Barakat Ali Ahmad , Bataineh Ruba Fahmi , Al-Karasneh Samih Mahmoud , Bataineh Rula Fahmi 
Published: September 2006

This study investigates the appropriateness of the Action Pack Textbook Series (APTS) currently taught in the first four primary stage classes in Jordanian public schools. An evaluation checklist, compiled from the literature, and a semi-structured interview were used to evaluate the content, layout, assessment tasks, teacher's book and the availability of supplementary materials.The findings support the following conclusions: Poor ratings were minimal; APTS is adaptable to the needs of both teachers and pupils and provides a broad range of resources that can be selectively integrated into the curriculum; APTS contains modes of instruction that are developmentally appropriate for a wide range of learners; APTS instructional materials are interesting, engaging and effective for the target learners; the format of the teacher's book is easy to follow, the directions for implementing activities are clear, and the teacher's book itself is flexible and allows teachers to choose from a variety of activities to use with their pupils; for the most part, non-text materials are used appropriately to promote learning; and, overall, the materials for the pupils are well written, age-appropriate and compelling in content.
Supercritical water oxidation: A technical review
Authors: Bermejo M. D. , Cocero M. J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractSupercritical water oxidation (SCWO) technology presents important environmental advantages for the treatment of industrial wastes and sludges. The homogeneous reaction that takes place between the oxidizable materials and oxygen, at temperatures and pressures above the critical point of the water (647.3 K and 22.12 MPa), is well known. Specific equations of state for water and aqueous mixtures, gases, and organics have been developed. The process is not having the expected industrial development. Some new plants have been closed by corrosion and operational problems related with high temperature, high pressure, and oxidative atmosphere inside of the equipments. To overcome these technical difficulties more research focused on solving operational problems is necessary. This article presents an overview of the technical aspects of the supercritical water oxidation process. Reactors design, construction materials, corrosion, salts precipitation problems, and industrial applications are discussed. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
Vascular update: Morphogenesis, tumors, malformations, and molecular dimensions
Authors: Cohen Jr. M. Michael 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThis vascular review is organized under the following headings: vasculogenesis and angiogenesis; vascular endothelial growth factors, their receptors, TIE receptors, and angiopoietins; other factors in blood vessel formation; parallel patterning in blood vessels and nerves; physiological and pathological neovascularization; the role of VEGF receptors in metastasis; anti‐angiogenic therapy for tumors; association of blood vessels with fat; vascular malformations and vascular tumors; infantile hemangiomas; congenital hemangiomas; lymphatic malformations; molecular characteristics of some disorders with vascular malformations; Kasabach‐Merritt phenomenon; Sturge‐Weber syndrome, Klippel‐Trenaunay syndrome, and Parkes Weber syndrome; diagnostic and laboratory studies; and future perspectives. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Family‐based association study of TPH1 and TPH2 polymorphisms in autism
Authors: Ramoz Nicolas , Cai Guiqing , Reichert Jennifer G. , Corwin Thomas E. , Kryzak Lauren A. , Smith Christopher J. , Silverman Jeremy M. , Hollander Eric , Buxbaum Joseph D. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe TPH1 and TPH2 genes encode the rate‐limiting enzymes that control serotonin biosynthesis, and serotonin is clearly altered in autism. In the current study, eight SNPs in the TPH1 gene region and eight SNPs within the TPH2 gene were examined by family‐based association tests in a large cohort of 352 families with autism and in clinically defined subsets of these families with either severe obsessive‐compulsive behaviors (sOCB) or self‐stimulatory behaviors (SSB). We found no evidence for association between autism and single SNPs or haplotypes of the TPH1 and TPH2 genes in the cohort of all families or in the sOCB and SSB subsets. In particular, we failed to replicate the association between autism and variants of the TPH2 gene, rs4341581 (TRANSMIT P = 1; PDT P = 0.323; FBAT P = 0.446) and rs11179000 (TRANSMIT P = 0.174; PDT P = 0.293; FBAT P = 0.374). Furthermore, no evidence for linkage was observed between autism and SNPs in the TPH1 and TPH2 genes (although linkage at the TPH2 locus was observed in the SSB subset). Thus, it appears unlikely that the TPH1 and TPH2 genes play a significant role in the susceptibility to autism or to autism endophenotypes including sOCB and SSB. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Allelic association of a truncation mutation of the KCNMB3 gene with idiopathic generalized epilepsy
Authors: Lorenz Susanne , Heils Armin , Kasper Johannes M. , Sander Thomas 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe gene encoding the β3‐subunit regulatory subunit (KCNMB3) of large conductance calcium‐sensitive potassium (BK) channels represents a positional and functional candidate gene for idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). A single base pair deletion in exon 4 of KCNMB3 (delA750) alters/truncates the terminal 21 amino acids of the 3‐subunit and affects channel inactivation of the β3b‐isoform. The present association study tested whether the KCNMB3 delA750 mutation confers susceptibility to common IGE syndromes. In total, 592 unrelated German IGE patients and 462 healthy population controls were genotyped for the delA750 truncation mutation. The frequency of the delA750 mutation was significantly increased in the IGE patients (7.9%) compared to that in the controls (5.5%; P = 0.016, one‐sided; OR = 1.52; 95%‐CI: 1.05–2.21). The increase of the delA750 frequency was accentuated in 312 patients exhibiting typical absence seizures (8.8%, P = 0.005, one‐sided; OR = 1.72; 95%‐CI: 1.13–2.62) relatively to that observed in the 237 patients with myoclonic seizures on awakening (7.2%; P = 0.11, one‐sided; OR = 1.36; 95%‐CI: 0.85–2.19), when compared with controls. The present results suggest that the functional KCNMB3 β3b‐truncation confers a common epileptogenic effect preferentially to the ictogenesis of typical absence seizures. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The genomic era and perceptions of psychotic disorders: Genetic risk estimation, associations with reproductive decisions and views about predictive testing
Authors: Austin Jehannine C. , Smith Geoffrey N. , Honer William G. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractAs a result of publicity surrounding genetic advances, increasing public awareness of a genetic role in major mental illness may be contributing to a “geneticization” of these illnesses. Geneticization could lead to oversimplified ideas about genetic risk, producing significant social consequences. We sought to investigate perceptions of genetic risk, associated effects on reproductive decisions and attitudes towards genetic testing amongst unaffected relatives of individuals with psychosis. A web‐based survey design was used, which all visitors to a psychosis support/information website had the option to complete. Responders were representative of website visitors, and the study design facilitated collection of a large dataset, although the response rate was low. Over‐estimating risk was associated with reproductive decisions favoring fewer children, and more positive attitudes towards genetic testing. Facilitating accurate risk perception through genetic counseling could significantly impact reproductive decisions, and the appropriate use of genetic tests in the future. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The role of RELN in lissencephaly and neuropsychiatric disease
Authors: Chang Bernard S. , Duzcan Fusun , Kim Seonhee , Cinbis Mine , Aggarwal Abha , Apse Kira A. , Ozdel Osman , Atmaca Munevver , Zencir Sevil , Bagci Huseyin , Walsh Christopher A. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractReelin is an extracellular matrix‐associated protein important in the regulation of neuronal migration during cerebral cortical development. Point mutations in the RELN gene have been shown to cause an autosomal recessive human brain malformation termed lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia (LCH). Recent work has raised the possibility that reelin may also play a pathogenic role in other neuropsychiatric disorders. We sought, therefore, to define more precisely the phenotype of RELN gene disruption. To do this, we performed a clinical, radiological, and molecular study of a family in whom multiple individuals carry a chromosomal inversion that disrupts the RELN locus. A 6‐year‐old girl homozygous for the pericentric inversion 46,XX,inv7(p11.2q22) demonstrated the same clinical features that have been previously described in association with RELN point mutations. The girl's brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, including pachygyria and severe cerebellar hypoplasia, were identical to those seen with RELN point mutations. Fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed that one of the breakpoints of this inversion mapped to within the RELN gene, and Western blotting revealed an absence of detectable serum reelin protein. Several relatives who were heterozygous for this inversion were neurologically normal and had no signs of psychotic illness. Our findings demonstrate the distinctive phenotype of LCH, which is easily distinguishable from other forms of lissencephaly. Although RELN appears to be critical for normal cerebral and cerebellar development, its role, if any, in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders remains unclear. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Serotonin transporter mRNA levels are associated with the methylation of an upstream CpG island
Authors: Philibert Robert , Madan Anup , Andersen Allan , Cadoret Remi , Packer Hans , Sandhu Harinder 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe serotonin reuptake transporter (5HTT) is thought to be the principal regulator of serotonergic activity and epigenetic effects at this locus are thought to be important moderators of vulnerability to neuropsychiatric illness. In attempt to understand the basis of this regulation, several gene polymorphisms that affect 5HTT mRNA levels have been described. But to date, no clear mechanism linking these polymorphisms to vulnerability to epigenetic effects have been described. In this communication, we describe a CpG island in the 5′ region of the 5HTT gene that contains an alternative exon 1 and possible promoter for 5HTT. We then confirm the existence of this transcript and ascertain the methylation status of this CpG island in 49 lymphoblast cell lines and analyze the relationship between methylation and 5HTT mRNA levels. We demonstrate that methylation at this CpG island is associated with decreased levels of 5HTT mRNA, but that this effect is evident only when 5HTTLPR genotype is taken into account. We suggest that these findings have significant implications for the understanding of the role of this locus in behavioral illness. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metaphors, hostage‐takers, and dealing with ‘Influential Outsiders’ highlight excerpts from a ‘Canon’ on deal‐making
Authors: Kupfer Schneider Andrea , Honeyman Christopher 
Published: September 2006

AbstractAndrea Kupfer Schneider, of Milwaukee, and Christopher Honeyman, of Madison, Wis., preview their comprehensive new anthology on reaching agreement, “The Negotiator's Fieldbook,” which will be published this month by the American Bar Association's Section of Dispute Resolution.
Dexamethasone and long‐term outcome in adults with bacterial meningitis
Authors: Weisfelt Martijn , Hoogman Martine , van de Beek Diederik , de Gans Jan , Dreschler Wouter A. , Schmand Ben A. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractObjectiveThis follow‐up study of the European Dexamethasone Study was designed to examine the potential harmful effect of adjunctive dexamethasone treatment on long‐term neuropsychological outcome in adults with bacterial meningitis.MethodsNeurological, audiological, and neuropsychological examinations were performed in adults who survived pneumococcal or meningococcal meningitis.ResultsEighty‐seven of 99 (88%) eligible patients were included in the follow‐up study; 46 (53%) were treated with dexamethasone and 41 (47%) with placebo. Median time between meningitis and testing was 99 months. Neuropsychological evaluation showed no significant differences between patients treated with dexamethasone and placebo. The proportions of patients with persisting neurological sequelae or hearing loss were similar in the dexamethasone and placebo groups. The overall rate of cognitive dysfunction did not differ significantly between patients and control subjects; however, patients after pneumococcal meningitis had a higher rate of cognitive dysfunction (21 vs 6%; p = 0.05) and experienced more impairment of everyday functioning due to physical problems (p = 0.05) than those after meningococcal meningitis.InterpretationTreatment with adjunctive dexamethasone is not associated with an increased risk for long‐term cognitive impairment. Adults who survive pneumococcal meningitis are at significant risk for long‐term neuropsychological abnormalities. Ann Neurol 2006
Delayed Nogo receptor therapy improves recovery from spinal cord contusion
Authors: Wang Xingxing , Baughman Kenneth W. , Basso D. Michele , Strittmatter Stephen M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractObjectiveMyelin‐associated inhibitors play a role in limiting axonal growth in the adult central nervous system. Blocking these inhibitors may promote neurological recovery from spinal cord contusion.MethodsThe soluble Nogo‐66 receptor (NgR(310)ecto‐Fc) protein, which can neutralize three myelin inhibitors, was infused into rats after spinal cord contusion for 28 days. Treatment was initiated intrathecally at the time of injury or 3 days after injury by the intracerebroventricular route at a dose of 0.29mg/kg/day. Recovery of locomotion and of axonal growth was assessed. Some animals received combination therapy with NgR(310)ecto‐Fc plus rolipram, a cyclic adenosine monophosphate phosphodiesterase inhibitor.ResultsSeven weeks after spinal injury, the Basso‐Beattie Bresnahan locomotor scores were significantly improved in the 3‐day delayed NgR(310)ecto‐Fc treatment group (9.5 ± 0.7; n = 16) versus the vehicle‐treated group, (6.75 ± 0.7; n = 15) (p ≤ 0.01, analysis of variance). The percentage of NgR(310)ecto‐Fc–treated animals able to support their weight was twice that in the control group. Delayed therapy was as efficacious as acute therapy. Addition of rolipram did not alter recovery. The beneficial behavioral effects of NgR(310)ecto‐Fc correlated with sprouting of raphespinal axons in the caudal spinal cord and of corticospinal axons in the rostral spinal cord.InterpretationNgR(310)ecto‐Fc treatment improves outcome in a rodent model that closely mimicked human spinal cord injury. Ann Neurol 2006
Periconceptional health and lifestyle factors of both parents affect the risk of live‐born children with orofacial clefts
Authors: Krapels Ingrid P.C. , Zielhuis Gerhard A. , Vroom Fokaline , de Jong‐van den Berg Lolkje T.W. , Kuijpers‐Jagtman Anne‐Marie , van der Molen Aebele B. Mink , Steegers‐Theunissen Régine P.M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractBACKGROUND:Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) or cleft palate only (CPO) are orofacial clefts and have a multifactorial etiology. The identification of amendable parental risk factors may contribute to a reduced occurrence of these malformations in the future.METHODS:Standardized demographic and periconceptional exposure data from 284 parents of a child with CL/P, 66 parents of a child with a CPO and 222 parents of a child without congenital malformations were collected at ∼24 months after the periconceptional period of the index child. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to estimate relative risks by odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).RESULTS:Univariate results suggest that low parental education, periconceptional maternal medication use and illnesses, paternal smoking, and first‐trimester maternal common cold increased CL/P risk. Pregnancy planning and periconceptional folic acid supplementation, however, reduced CL/P risk by ∼50% (OR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3–0.8) and 40% (OR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.4–0.9), respectively. Mostly comparable results were obtained for CPO. Being a boy (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.4–3.0), folic acid supplementation (OR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.4–0.9), and low paternal education (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.0–2.3) mainly determined CL/P in the multivariate analyses, compared to low paternal (OR, 4.5; 95% CI, 2.1–9.4) and maternal medication use (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.0–4.0) for CPO.CONCLUSIONS:Preconceptional counseling for orofacial cleft risk assessment should pay attention to maternal medication use, periconceptional folic acid supplementation, and exposures of the father. These determinants can be amended, thereby modifying orofacial cleft risk. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A New Distorted Variant of the CaBe2Ge2 Type — Crystal Structures of SrPd2Bi2, BaPd2Bi2, and BaAu2Sb2.
Authors: Frik Lars , Johrendt Dirk , Mewis Albrecht 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Yb—Zn—Al Ternary System: CaCu5‐Type Derived Compounds in the Zinc‐Rich Corner.
Authors: Fornasini Maria Luisa , Manfrinetti Pietro , Mazzone Donata 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Thermoelectric and Structural Properties of a New Chevrel Phase: Ti0.3Mo5RuSe8.
Authors: McGuire Michael A. , Schmidt Anneliese M. , Gascoin Franck , Snyder G. Jeffrey , DiSalvo Francis J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Electronic Structure Analysis of the Difference Between Cs2AgF4 and Rb2MnF4 in Their Magnetic Properties and Single‐Crystal Structure Determination of Rb2MnF4.
Authors: Dai D. , Whangbo M.‐H. , Koehler J. , Hoch C. , Villesuzanne A. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Novel Potassium Borate with an Unprecedented [B12O16(OH)8]4‐ Anion.
Authors: Wang Guo‐Ming , Sun Yan‐Qiong , Zheng Shou‐Tian , Yang Guo‐Yu 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Molten Salt Synthesis (MSS) of Cu2Mo6S8 — New Way for Large‐Scale Production of Chevrel Phases.
Authors: Lancry E. , Levi E. , Mitelman A. , Malovany S. , Aurbach D. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Kinetic Resolution of 2‐Oxazolidinones via Catalytic, Enantioselective N‐Acylation.
Authors: Birman Vladimir B. , Jiang Hui , Li Ximin , Guo Lei , Uffman Eric W. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Catalysis of the [5 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction of Vinylcyclopropanes and π‐Systems.
Authors: Wender Paul A. , Haustedt Lars O. , Lim Jaehong , Love Jennifer A. , Williams Travis J. , Yoon Joo‐Yong 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Catalytic Enantioselective Crossed Aldehyde‐Ketone Benzoin Cyclization.
Authors: Takikawa Hiroshi , Hachisu Yoshifumi , Bode Jeffrey W. , Suzuki Keisuke 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Michael Addition Reactions of Unmodified Aldehydes and Ketones with Nitroolefins Catalyzed by a Pyrrolidine Sulfonamide.
Authors: Wang Jian , Li Hao , Lou Bihshow , Zu Liansuo , Guo Hua , Wang Wei 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
trans‐1‐Sulfonylamino‐2‐isoborneolsulfonylaminocyclohexane Derivatives: Excellent Chiral Ligands for the Catalytic Enantioselective Addition of Organozinc Reagents to Ketones.
Authors: Forrat Vicente J. , Prieto Oscar , Ramon Diego , Yus Miguel 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Tetra‐n‐propylammonium Perruthenate (TPAP) Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of Hydroxylamines to Nitrones.
Authors: Cardona Francesca , Gorini Lapo , Goti Andrea 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Highly Active Catalyst for Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Heteroaryl Compounds.
Authors: Billingsley Kelvin L. , Anderson Kevin W. , Buchwald Stephen L. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.