bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract 11989: Cardiac Muscle-Specific Disruption of the Exocyst Trafficking Complex Results in Heart Failure
Authors: Ha Herena Y , Shimada Briana K , Nakamura Nicole K , Carter Lamar T , Luo Emi Lin , Tokunaga Darcy S , Zoll Janna , Polgar Noemi 
Published: April 2024

Increased myocardial glycolysis is protective against ischemic injury. Glucose uptake via glucose transporter GLUT4 is the rate-limiting step of glycolysis in cardiomyocytes. GLUT4 delivery to the cardiomyocyte membrane can be triggered by insulin or by increased ATP-demand (i.e. during ischemia) via the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Previous studies of adipocytes and our recent study in skeletal muscle demonstrated that the exocyst trafficking complex is critical for GLUT4 exocytosis in response to insulin. But it is not known if the insulin-insulin receptor-exocyst-GLUT4 signaling axis is conserved in the cardiomyocytes, or if the exocyst also regulates cardiac glucose uptake via AMPK-induced GLUT4 translocation. Investigating glucose transporter trafficking in cardiomyocytes will be key to better understanding the mechanism of cardiac glucose metabolism under normal and disease conditions.
We hypothesized that the exocyst is necessary for myocardial glucose uptake and metabolism and its activity protects the heart from ischemic injury.

We have generated tamoxifen-inducible cardiac muscle-specific knockout mice of the central exocyst subunit Exoc5 (Exoc5-CMKO) to evaluate the role of the exocyst in cardiac fuel metabolism
in vivo
.

Unexpectedly we found that cardiac muscle-specific Exoc5 knockout shortened the lifespan of Exoc5-CMKO mice (median survival after tamoxifen treatment was 60.5 days). Echocardiography showed cardiac dysfunction in Exoc5-CMKO mice, with reduced ejection fraction (Ctrl: 0.77; CMKO: 0.43; p<0.0001) and fractional shortening (Ctrl: 45.57; CMKO:21.62; p<0.0001), and increased systolic and diastolic LV diameters (LVID
s
(mm): Ctrl: 1.81; CMKO: 3.32; LVID
d
(mm): Ctrl: 3.47; CMKO:4.2; p<0.0001) compared to controls. Histological analysis revealed increased fibrosis in Exoc5-CMKO hearts, while isolated knockout primary cardiomyocytes showed decreased contractility and altered calcium handling.

Our findings suggest that the exocyst is necessary for proper cardiac muscle function. Future studies will investigate how impaired exocyst-mediated membrane trafficking leads to heart failure in our Exoc5-CMKO mice.
Role of the prefrontal cortex in musical and verbal short-term memory: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study
Authors: Ginzburg Jérémie , Cheylus Anne , Collard Elise , Ferreri Laura , Tillmann Barbara , Moulin Annie , Caclin Anne 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Auditory short-term memory (STM) is a key process in auditory cognition, with evidence for partly distinct networks subtending musical and verbal STM. The delayed matching-to-sample task (DMST) paradigm has been found suitable for comparing musical and verbal STM and for manipulating memory load. In this study, musical and verbal DMSTs were investigated with measures of activity in frontal areas with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS): Experiment 1 compared musical and verbal DMSTs with a low-level perception task (that does not entail encoding, retention, or retrieval of information), to identify frontal regions involved in memory processes. Experiment 2 manipulated memory load for musical and verbal materials to uncover frontal brain regions showing parametric changes in activity with load and their potential differences between musical and verbal materials. A FIR model was used to deconvolute fNIRS signals across successive trials without making assumptions with respect to the shape of the hemodynamic response in a DMST. Results revealed the involvement of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and inferior frontal gyri (IFG), but not of the superior frontal gyri (SFG) in both experiments, in keeping with previously reported neuroimaging data (including fMRI). Experiment 2 demonstrated a parametric variation of activity with memory load in bilateral IFGs during the maintenance period, with opposite directions for musical and verbal materials. Activity in the IFGs increased with memory load for verbal sound sequences, in keeping with previous results with n-back tasks. The decreased activity with memory load observed with musical sequences is discussed in relation to previous research on auditory STM rehearsal strategies. This study highlights fNIRS as a promising tool for investigating musical and verbal STM not only for typical populations, but also for populations with developmental language disorders associated with functional alterations in auditory STM.
P1, N170, and N250 Event-related Potential Components Reflect Temporal Perception Processing in Face and Body Personal Identification
Authors: Tanaka Hideaki , Jiang Peilun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Human faces and bodies represent various socially important signals. Although adults encounter numerous new people in daily life, they can recognize hundreds to thousands of different individuals. However, the neural mechanisms that differentiate one person from another person are unclear. This study aimed to clarify the temporal dynamics of the cognitive processes of face and body personal identification using face-sensitive ERP components (P1, N170, and N250). The present study performed three blocks (face–face, face–body, and body–body) of different ERP adaptation paradigms. Furthermore, in the above three blocks, ERP components were used to compare brain biomarkers under three conditions (same person, different person of the same sex, and different person of the opposite sex). The results showed that the P1 amplitude for the face–face block was significantly greater than that for the body–body block, that the N170 amplitude for a different person of the same sex condition was greater than that for the same person condition in the right hemisphere only, and that the N250 amplitude gradually increased as the degree of face and body sex–social categorization grew closer (i.e., same person condition &gt; different person of the same sex condition &gt; different person of the opposite sex condition). These results suggest that early processing of the face and body processes the face and body separately and that structural encoding and personal identification of the face and body process the face and body collaboratively.
A matter of time? Gender and ethnic inequality in the academic publishing careers of Dutch Ph.D.s
Authors: Mulders Anne Maaike , Hofstra Bas , Tolsma Jochem 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Women and ethnic minorities underpopulate influential academic positions, even though these groups are increasingly represented at the doctorate level. Does this imply that gender and ethnic gaps in academic careers are closing? Prior studies on gender inequality in academia predominantly focus on single academic fields or restricted time periods. Longitudinal descriptions of ethnic inequality are even more rare. Using a novel data set of a nearly complete population of doctorates (N = 95,130) from Dutch universities across all academic fields between 1990 and 2021, and their publications, we extend descriptions on gender and ethnic inequality in academic publication careers in the Netherlands. Furthermore, we assess trends in inequality over approximately 30 years without focusing on established academics. We find that while women are as likely as men to start an academic publishing career after obtaining a doctorate, their careers are shorter. Ethnic minority scholars are less likely to start an academic career after their doctorate, and when they do, they stop sooner than ethnic majority researchers. We do not observe a trend towards more equality in academic publishing careers. In conclusion, efforts to increase diversity in Dutch academia have not yet paid off, and gender and ethnic parity are likely not just a matter of time.
Conservation education initiatives for elementary school students at La Suerte Biological Research Station, Costa Rica
Authors: Bolt Laura M. , Hidalgo Jiménez Ericka , Molina Renee L. , Schreier Amy L. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Maderas Rainforest Conservancy (MRC) is a conservation non-profit organization that protects forests, offers primate field schools, and leads community outreach initiatives at sites in Central America, including La Suerte Biological Research Station (LSBRS) in Costa Rica. In 2018, MRC started Aula Verde, a conservation education initiative for elementary school students aged 5-12 at LSBRS. Groups of children from elementary schools and communities located within 50 km have visited LSBRS from 2018-2023 to participate in the 1.5-2 hour Aula Verde workshop, which consists of (1) an interactive lecture on conservation, (2) a guided forest walk, and (3) a snack, gift bag, and tree seedling for each participant. Workshops are funded by international donations to MRC and cost US $8-16 per student. Aula Verde has been successful, with multiple schools and communities making repeat visits, students’ families beginning to recycle their garbage and joining a WhatsApp group about conservation education that MRC staff initiated and lead, and teachers reporting improved learning outcomes for students who participate in the workshops. The success of Aula Verde is largely due to the ecological expertise and strong community ties of LSBRS staff. While the COVID-19 pandemic decreased Aula Verde offerings from 2020-2023, we expect workshops to resume at full capacity in 2024. In the future, MRC hopes to expand Aula Verde’s outreach to all children aged 5-12 living within 50 km of LSBRS.
Dositheos and Theodosios, and Other Greek theos-Names in a Jewish Context in Greco-Roman Egypt
Authors: Clarysse Willy , Broux Yanne 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
It has long been noted that theos-names have a strong connection with the Jewish diaspora in Egypt. In this article, we look at two of the most common names of this type, Dositheos and Theodosios, and the practice of garbling the orthography of these names, as -θης for Dositheos, and Θη-, Θευ-, and Τευ- for names starting with Θεο-. We propose a link with a growing avoidance in the Roman period of the use of the name of Jahweh.
Are there new biomarkers of the gastroduodenal microbiota useful in the diagnosis of coeliac disease in children? A pilot study
Authors: Salamon D. , Kowalska-Duplaga K. , Krawczyk A. , Duplaga M. , Gurgul A. , Gosiewski T. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The changing of microbiome could precede the development of coeliac disease (CeD). We compared the bacterial profile of microbiota of tissues collected simultaneously from the stomach and duodenum in newly diagnosed patients with CeD. Biopsies were collected from 60 children and adolescents aged 2-18 years: (1) 40 patients with CeD; (2) 20 children as control group. The evaluation of the bacterial microbiota was carried out by sequencing the V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA subunit, using next-generation sequencing (NGS). The composition of bacterial microbiota was correlated with clinical and blood parameters. The beta diversity analysis revealed a significant dissimilarity in the gastric samples between the CeD and control group (Bray-Curtis index, P = 0.008, and weighted UniFrac distance, P = 0.024). At L2 (phylum level), Campylobacterota was only present in the stomach of the CeD group. A comparison of the abundance of bacteria between the stomach and duodenum showed significant differences in 10 OTUs (operational taxonomic units) in the control and 9 OTUs in the CeD group at L6 (genus) and in 8 OTUs and in 6 OTUs, respectively, at L7 (species). A significant correlation was observed between the genus Novosphingobium in stomach of CeD group and possession of the DQ2.5 and DQ 8 allele, and in the duodenum – between the DQ 8 allele and the species Blautia wexlerae. Significant differences in selected, little-known genera of bacteria suggest their potential role as new biomarkers in the development of CeD. To fully understand the mechanism of CeD development in genetically predisposed individuals, it is necessary to take into account not only the abundance of a given genus or species of bacteria, but also the anatomical location of its occurrence.
Four-Stroke Apparent Motion Can Effectively Induce Visual Self-Motion Perception: an Examination Using Expanding, Rotating, and Translating Motion
Authors: Nakamura Shinji 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The current investigation examined whether visual motion without continuous visual displacement could effectively induce self-motion perception (vection). Four-stroke apparent motions (4SAM) were employed in the experiments as visual inducers. The 4SAM pattern contained luminance-defined motion energy equivalent to the real motion pattern, and the participants perceived unidirectional motion according to the motion energy but without displacements (the visual elements flickered on the spot). The experiments revealed that the 4SAM stimulus could effectively induce vection in the horizontal, expanding, or rotational directions, although its strength was significantly weaker than that induced by the real-motion stimulus. This result suggests that visual displacement is not essential, and the luminance-defined motion energy and/or the resulting perceived motion of the visual inducer would be sufficient for inducing visual self-motion perception. Conversely, when the 4SAM and real-motion patterns were presented simultaneously, self-motion perception was mainly determined in accordance with real motion, suggesting that the real-motion stimulus is a predominant determinant of vection. These research outcomes may be worthy of considering the perceptual and neurological mechanisms underlying self-motion perception.
Generative Algorithms for Fusion of Physics-Based Wildfire Spread Models with Satellite Data for Initializing Wildfire Forecasts
Authors: Shaddy Bryan , Ray Deep , Farguell Angel , Calaza Valentina , Mandel Jan , Haley James , Hilburn Kyle , Mallia Derek V. , Kochanski Adam , Oberai Assad 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Increases in wildfire activity and the resulting impacts have prompted the development of high-resolution wildfire behavior models for forecasting fire spread. Recent progress in using satellites to detect fire locations further provides the opportunity to use measurements toward improving fire spread forecasts from numerical models through data assimilation. This work develops a physics-informed approach for inferring the history of a wildfire from satellite measurements, providing the necessary information to initialize coupled atmosphere–wildfire models from a measured wildfire state. The fire arrival time, which is the time the fire reaches a given spatial location, acts as a succinct representation of the history of a wildfire. In this work, a conditional Wasserstein generative adversarial network (cWGAN), trained with WRF–SFIRE simulations, is used to infer the fire arrival time from satellite active fire data. The cWGAN is used to produce samples of likely fire arrival times from the conditional distribution of arrival times given satellite active fire detections. Samples produced by the cWGAN are further used to assess the uncertainty of predictions. The cWGAN is tested on four California wildfires occurring between 2020 and 2022, and predictions for fire extent are compared against high-resolution airborne infrared measurements. Further, the predicted ignition times are compared with reported ignition times. An average Sørensen’s coefficient of 0.81 for the fire perimeters and an average ignition time difference of 32 min suggest that the method is highly accurate.

Significance Statement
To initialize coupled atmosphere–wildfire simulations in a physically consistent way based on satellite measurements of active fire locations, it is critical to ensure the state of the fire and atmosphere aligns at the start of the forecast. If known, the history of a wildfire may be used to develop an atmospheric state matching the wildfire state determined from satellite data in a process known as spinup. In this paper, we present a novel method for inferring the early stage history of a wildfire based on satellite active fire measurements. Here, inference of the fire history is performed in a probabilistic sense and physics is further incorporated through the use of training data derived from a coupled atmosphere–wildfire model.
Machine Learning Investigation of Downburst-Prone Environments in Canada
Authors: Hadavi Mohammad , Romanic Djordje 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Thunderstorms are recognized as one of the most disastrous weather threats in Canada because of their power to cause substantial damage to human-made structures and even result in fatalities. It is therefore essential for operational forecasting to diagnose thunderstorms that generate damaging downdrafts of negatively buoyant air, known as downbursts. This study develops several machine learning models to identify environments supportive of downbursts in Canada. The models are trained and evaluated using 38 convective parameters calculated based on ERA5 reanalysis vertical profiles prior to thunderstorms with (306 cases) and without (19 132 cases) downbursts across Canada. Various resampling techniques are implemented to adjust data imbalance. An increase in the performance of the random forest (RF) model is observed when the support vector machine synthetic minority oversampling technique is utilized. The RF model outperforms other tested models, as indicated by model performance metrics and calibration. Several model interpretability methods highlight that the RF model has learned physical trends and patterns from the input variables. Moreover, the thermodynamic parameters are deemed to have higher impacts on the model outcomes compared to parcel, kinematic, and composite variables. For example, a considerable rise in the downburst probability is detected with an increase in cold pool strength. This study serves as one of the earliest attempts toward the fledgling field of machine learning applications in weather forecasting systems in Canada. The findings suggest that the developed model has the potential to enhance the effectiveness of issuing severe thunderstorm warnings in Canada, although further assessment with operational meteorologists is needed to validate its practical application.

Significance Statement
Severe thunderstorms demand particular attention in forecasting as their outflow can pose a serious threat to both structures and human life. This study uses machine learning techniques to predict whether or not a thunderstorm generates a damaging outflow in Canada. Atmospheric conditions that could trigger a severe thunderstorm are identified and discussed. Results show that the models have the potential to assist forecasters in better analyzing and predicting thunderstorms that generate destructive winds. Consequently, taking advantage of promising machine learning tools can yield more reliable forecasts of damaging thunderstorms, thereby mitigating the economic and societal burdens of these storms on Canadian communities.
The role of mutually responsive orientation in promoting relationship satisfaction for first-time and experienced parents: An investigation from pregnancy to toddlerhood
Authors: Ramsdell Erin L. , Calkins Frances C. , Brock Rebecca L. 
Published: April 2024

The transition to parenthood creates a context for family reorganization that can place couples at risk for declining relationship satisfaction; however, few studies have examined the experiences of parents navigating this transition while parenting other children in the home. Further, there is a critical need to identify factors explaining unique trajectories of relationship satisfaction and determine whether these factors serve similar functions for first-time versus experienced parents. The goal of the present study was to examine relationship satisfaction across the pregnancy-postpartum transition for not only first-time, but also experienced parents, and identify prenatal couple dynamics and contextual factors that explain individual differences in these trajectories across parenting groups. We pursued these aims in a sample of 152 mixed-sex couples, across five waves of data spanning pregnancy to 2 years postpartum. First-time and experienced parents demonstrated unique trajectories of relationship satisfaction across the transition to parenthood. Greater mutually responsive orientation (i.e., MRO; an established system of attunement, reciprocity, cooperation, and warmth) between partners during pregnancy was associated with higher overall levels of relationship satisfaction spanning pregnancy to 2 years postpartum for first-time mothers and low-income experienced mothers and less relationship satisfaction decline over time for low-income experienced fathers. The present study replicates past work suggesting that experienced parents are also at risk for relationship discord across the pregnancy-postpartum transition and identifies prenatal MRO as a dyadic relationship quality that maintains and promotes satisfaction across this transition, warranting closer attention in future research and interventions.
Agreement between the thromboelastography reaction time parameter using fresh and citrated whole blood during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with Teg®5000 and Teg®6s
Authors: De Falco Stefano , Meli Andrea , Caccioppola Alessio , Grasselli Giacomo , Panigada Mauro 
Published: April 2024

Purpose We aimed at assessing the correlation between TEG reaction time (TEG-R) in citrated and fresh blood samples with TEG5000 and TEG 6S during heparin administration in patients with and without ECMO support. Materials and Methods Paired TEG5000 (fresh and citrated whole blood, kaolin and kaolin-heparinase) and TEG6S (citrated whole blood) samples were obtained, together with standard coagulation laboratory tests. Bland-Altman analysis and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient were used to assess agreement. Results Thirteen consecutive ECMO patients and eight consecutive non-ECMO patients were enrolled and TEG was performed for a total of 84 paired samples. ECMO patients received 19.2 (12.6-25.8) U/kg/h of heparin. Five of the non-ECMO patients did not receive heparin, two of them received a very low prophylactic dose (1.6 and 2.9 IU/kg/h, respectively), and one of them 13.1 U/kg/h of heparin. Using TEG®5000, TEG-R was 21.0 (−23.4; 65.5) min longer on fresh compared to citrated blood in patients receiving heparin while only 1.58 (−5.5; 8.7) min longer in patients not-receiving heparin. These differences were reverted by heparinase. Conclusions Using citrated-recalcified blood to perform TEG might lead to underestimation of the effect of heparin.
Clinical decision making for VA ECMO weaning in patients with cardiogenic shock A formative qualitative study
Authors: Hermens J. A. J. , van Til J. A. , Meuwese C. L. , van Dijk D. , Donker D. W. 
Published: April 2024

Weaning and liberation from VA ECMO in cardiogenic shock patients comprises a complex process requiring a continuous trade off between multiple clinical parameters. In the absence of dedicated international guidelines, we hypothesized a great heterogeneity in weaning practices among ECMO centers due to a variety in local preferences, logistics, case load and individual professional experience. This qualitative study focused on the appraisal of clinicians’ preferences in decision processes towards liberation from VA ECMO after cardiogenic shock while using focus group interviews in 4 large hospitals. The goal was to provide novel and unique insights in daily clinical weaning practices. As expected, we found we a great heterogeneity of weaning strategies among centers and professionals, although participants appeared to find common ground in a clinically straightforward approach to assess the feasibility of ECMO liberation at the bedside. This was shown in a preference for robust, easily accessible parameters such as arterial pulse pressure, stable cardiac index ≥2.1 L/min, VTI LVOT and ‘eyeballing’ LVEF.