bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tenascin‐W, a new marker of cancer stroma, is elevated in sera of colon and breast cancer patients
Authors: Degen Martin , Brellier Florence , Schenk Susanne , Driscoll Robert , Zaman Khalil , Stupp Roger , Tornillo Luigi , Terracciano Luigi , Chiquet‐Ehrismann Ruth , Rüegg Curzio , Seelentag Walter 
Published: February 2008

AbstractTenascins are extracellular matrix proteins present during the development of organisms as well as in pathological conditions. Tenascin‐W, the fourth and last member of the tenascin family remains the least well‐characterized one. Our study aimed to evaluate the potential significance of tenascin‐W as cancer biomarker by monitoring its presence in the serum of colorectal and breast cancer patients and its expression in colorectal tumor tissues. To measure serum tenascin‐W levels, a sensitive sandwich‐ELISA was established. Mean tenascin‐W concentration in sera of patients with nonmetastatic colorectal cancer at time of diagnosis was highly increased compared to that of healthy volunteers. A similar tendency was observed for tenascin‐C in the same patient cohort. However, the increase was much more striking for tenascin‐W. We also detected elevated tenascin‐W levels in sera of breast cancer patients. Furthermore, we could show a prominent expression of tenascin‐W in extracts from colorectal tumor tissues by immunoblot analysis, whereas tenascin‐W was not detectable in the corresponding normal colon mucosa. To confirm the western blot results, we performed immunohistochemistry of frozen sections of the same patients as well as of an additional, independently chosen collection of colorectal cancer tissues. In all cases, similarly to tenascin‐C, tenascin‐W was detected in the tumor stroma. Our results reveal a clear association between elevated levels of tenascin‐W and the presence of cancer. These results warrant further studies to evaluate the potential value of serum and tissue tenascin‐W levels as diagnostic, prognostic or monitoring biomarker in colorectal, breast and possibly other solid cancers. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The interaction of CYP3A5 polymorphisms along the androgen metabolism pathway in prostate cancer
Authors: Vaarala Markku H. , Mattila Henna , Ohtonen Pasi , Tammela Teuvo L.J. , Paavonen Timo K. , Schleutker Johanna 
Published: February 2008

AbstractProstate cancer is a leading solid tumor among men in the Western world. Androgens play an important role in the carcinogenesis and treatment of prostate cancer. CYP3A5 is a cytochrome P450 superfamily member which also has activity in testosterone metabolism. In this study, we looked for two‐gene interactions associated with clinical characteristics of prostate cancer in the Finnish population. We used multifactor‐dimensionality reduction for the identification of the two‐gene interactions in androgen metabolism pathway genes together with clinical characteristics of prostate cancer among 754 genotyped prostate cancer patients. The CYP3A5*3/*3 and SRD5A2 A49T GG genotype interaction was associated with the clinical tumor stage T2–T4 (T‐stage, TNM classification) with odds ratio (OR) 2.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.35–3.40. Patients with CYP3A5*3/*3 and KLK3 I179T CC/TC genotypes had increased OR 2.30, 95% CI 1.16–4.58 for metastatic disease. Further, two‐gene interaction CYP3A5*3/*3 and KLK3 −252A > G AA was associated with Gleason scores ≥7 with OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.11–2.09. Prostate cancer patients with CYP3A5*3/*3 and KLK −252A > G GG/AG genotypes had decreased OR of 0.70 with 95% CI 0.50–0.98 for high prostate‐specific antigen levels at diagnosis. For prostate cancer patients aged below 65 years, the OR for interaction of CYP3A5*1/*3 or *1/*1 and AKR1C3 Q5H CC genotypes was 1.84 with 95% CI 1.03–3.28. For prostate cancer, the best two‐gene interaction included genotypes SRD5A2 V89L GG and AKR1C3 Q5H CC with OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.01–1.66. It remains to be clarified whether these polymorphism associations identified here are also present in other populations. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of borate glass composition on its conversion to hydroxyapatite and on the proliferation of MC3T3‐E1 cells
Authors: Brown Roger F. , Rahaman Mohamed N. , Dwilewicz Agatha B. , Huang Wenhai , Day Delbert E. , Li Yadong , Bal B. Sonny 
Published: February 2008

AbstractGlasses containing varying amounts of B2O3 were prepared by partially or fully replacing the SiO2 in silicate 45S5 bioactive glass with B2O3. The effects of the B2O3 content of the glass on its conversion to hydroxyapatite (HA) and on the proliferation of MC3T3‐E1 cells were investigated in vitro. Conversion of the glasses to HA in dilute (20 mM) K2HPO4 solution was monitored using weight loss and pH measurements. Proliferation of MC3T3‐E1 cells was determined qualitatively by assay of cell density at the glass interface after incubation for 1 day and 3 days, and quantitatively by fluorescent measurements of total DNA in cultures incubated for 4 days. Higher B2O3 content of the glass increased the conversion rate to HA, but also resulted in a greater inhibition of cell proliferation under static culture conditions. For a given mass of glass in the culture medium, the inhibition of cell proliferation was alleviated by using glasses with lower B2O3 content, by incubating the cell cultures under dynamic rather than static conditions, or by partially converting the glass to HA prior to cell culture. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2009
Electron spin resonance studies of the effects of sterilization on poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels
Authors: Kanjickal Deenu , Lopina Stephanie , Evancho‐Chapman Mary Michelle , Schmidt Steven , Inbaraj Johnson J. , Cardon Thomas B. , Lorigan Gary A. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe effects of several sterilization procedures on a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogel have been examined by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The crosslinked polyurethanes were synthesized by reacting PEG with a tri‐functional isocyanate. The free radical concentration of unsterilized, ethylene oxide (EtO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and gamma sterilized hydrogels were monitored over time. Free radical presence was observed for all the treatments, unsterilized and sterilized PEG hydrogels. The unsterilized and the EtO sterilized samples elicited similar levels of free radical intensity whereas, the H2O2 and gamma sterilized samples had a significantly higher free radical concentration. The spectra reveal overlapping resonances of a peroxy and a triphenylmethyl radical. The concentration of the free radicals increase for all the treatments over time except for the gamma sterilized sample. The increase is significantly higher in the H2O2 sterilized sample. A tentative model is proposed to explain the reaction pathway leading to the production of the free radicals. The observed increases in the free radical concentrations of the EtO and hydrogen peroxide sterilized hydrogels over a five‐month‐period make it difficult to predict properties that are affected by free radical concentrations. In that light, gamma sterilization, that does not induce a change in free radical concentrations over a five month period, could be the sterilization method of choice for PEG hydrogels that could potentially be stored for undetermined periods of time prior to application. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2009
Minimization of residual tin in the controlled Sn(II)octoate‐catalyzed polymerization of ε‐caprolactone
Authors: Stjerndahl A. , Finne‐Wistrand A. , Albertsson A.‐C. , Bäckesjö C. M. , Lindgren U. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBy using less catalyst in the ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone, a residual tin content of 5 ppm was reached without the need for additional purification. The initial amount of tin (II) 2‐ethylhexanoate [Sn(Oct)2] was varied using catalyst:monomer ratios of 1:1000, 1:10,000, and 1:20,000. The impact on the final conversion, reaction control, average molecular weight, and polydispersity was studied. The amount of Sn(Oct)2 could be significantly reduced without influencing the reaction results. The residual amount of tin was reduced from 176ppm with a catalyst:monomer ratio of 1:1000 in the polymer, to 5 ppm with the ratio 1:10,000. It was thus concluded that a catalyst:monomer ratio of 1:10,000 or lower is required to achieve a polymer with tin content suitable for biomedical applications. The materials were also tested in a proliferation study with mesenchymal stem cells from mouse. Porous scaffolds were fabricated from the polymers, using a salt leaching technique, and the cell growth on the porous scaffolds as well as on homogeneous films was determined by light absorbance measurements. In this study, the cell proliferation results showed that cells could grow on all polymers with an efficiency equal to or better than that on normal tissue culture plastic. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2008
Bacterial behaviors on polymer surfaces with organic and inorganic antimicrobial compounds
Authors: Ji Junhui , Zhang Wei 
Published: February 2008

AbstractInfection of medical polymers is often caused by bacterial adherence and bio‐film formation, and it is one of the major clinical complications causing a high rate of mortality and morbidity. In this study, it was investigated that differences of organic and inorganic antimicrobial reagents incorporated into polymers for bacterial adherence and bio‐film formation. Our experimental results show adhesion of bacteria and bio‐film (gram positive Staphylococcus aureus and gram negative Escherichia coli) are evidently reduced by adding organic antimicrobial reagents into PVC. However, inorganic antimicrobial reagents can not make much difference in bacterial bio‐film formation on their polymers' surface. Although the surface containing inorganic antimicrobial reagents has excellent ability in killing bacteria, the amount of Escherichia coli on samples surface is no less than that on the control sample during bacterial adhesion due to both various hydrophilicity and different antibacterial mechanisms on the surface. Furthermore, bacterial bio‐film formation on various hydrophilic samples is investigated, and it is observed that organic and inorganic antimicrobial compounds have much different effect on surface hydrophilicity. As a result, hydrophilicity becomes a major factor for bacterial adhesion and bio‐film. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2009
Biomimetic hydroxyapatite particulate nanofiber modified silicon: In vitro bioactivity
Authors: Aryal Santosh , Bajgai Madhab Prasad , Khil Myung Seob , Kang Hyung‐Sub , Kim Hak Yong 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA novel particulate nanofibrous hydroxyapatite (HA), which mimics the bone matrix, is presented as a surface functional material to modify silicon wafers by the electrospinning method. The HA precursors were treated with viscous polymer solution, and then electrospun under controlled conditions. After successive calcinations, the powder X‐ray diffraction patterns of the samples revealed reflection toward the (300) HA plane that is linear with temperature. This prominent reflection suggests the crystallographic purity of the HA. Biocompatibility, cell proliferation, and microstructure were examined using AFM and FE‐SEM. Morphology showed cell spreading and penetration instead of cell aggregation. The surface roughness as well as adhesion force was calculated using contact mode AFM. The results show that the composite matrix holds promise for use as a bone implant material. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2009
Influence of silicone surface roughness and hydrophobicity on adhesion and colonization of Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: Tang Haiying , Cao Ting , Liang Xuemei , Wang Anfeng , Salley Steven O. , McAllister James , Ng K. Y. Simon 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBacterial adhesion and colonization are complicated processes that depend on many factors, including surface chemistry, hydrophobicity, and surface roughness. The contribution of each of these factors has not been fully elucidated because most previous studies used different polymeric surfaces to achieve differences in properties. The objective of this study was to modify hydrophobicity and roughness on one polymeric surface, eliminating the confounding contribution of surface chemistry. Mechanically assembled monolayer (MAM) preparation methods (both one‐ and two‐dimensional) were used to impart different degrees of hydrophobicity on fluoroalkylsilane (FAS)‐coated silicone. Surface roughness was varied by casting the silicone to templates prepared with different abrasives. Surface hydrophobicity was determined by contact angle measurement, whereas surface roughness was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Bacterial adhesion and colonization were analyzed using a direct colony‐counting method and SEM images. Hydrophobicity increased as a function of stretched length or width (Δx or Δy); it reached a maximum at Δx = 60% with one‐dimensional MAM and decreased as Δx further increased to 80 and 100%. The same trend was observed for the two‐dimensional MAM. After 12‐h incubation, all the FAS/silicone surfaces had significantly reduced adherence of Staphylococcus epidermidis by 42–89%, compared to untreated silicone, and the degree of which is inversely related to surface hydrophobicity. On the other hand, surface roughness had a significant effect on bacterial adhesion and colonization only when the root‐mean‐square roughness was higher than 200 nm. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2009
Bioactive films on metallic surfaces for osteoconduction
Authors: Zhang Qiyi , Leng Yang , Lu Xiong , Xin Renlong , Yang Xiudong , Chen Jiyong 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA fast and effective electrochemical method was developed to make a dense calcium phosphate films on titanium and stainless steel for hard tissue replacement. The surfaces of titanium and stainless steel were cathodically treated in an electrochemical cell. By controlling the treatment parameters, a film of 100‐nm thickness was deposited on the metal surface in several minutes. The thin film was amorphous calcium phosphate containing octacalcium phosphate nuclei, and also dense and ductile. The treated metals were able to induce bioactive calcium phosphate deposition after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for only 1 and 2 days. In vivo study was conducted by implanting the treated specimens of titanium and stainless steel in dog's femur cavity. The treated metallic surfaces showed good ability of osteoconduction. This surface treatment method can be potentially used to enhance bioactivity of any type of metallic surfaces. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2009
An investigation of adhesion in drug‐eluting stent layers
Authors: Wolf Kurt V. , Zong Zong , Meng Juan , Orana Argjenta , Rahbar Nima , Balss Karin M. , Papandreou George , Maryanoff Cynthia A. , Soboyejo Wole 
Published: February 2008

AbstractAn atomic force microscopy (AFM) method was developed to quantify the adhesion forces between and cohesive forces within the layers of a drug‐eluting stent (DES). Surface pairs representing both the individual components and the complete chemistry of each layer within the DES were prepared. As a model, the CYPHER® Sirolimus‐eluting Coronary Stent was studied. This DES consists of a stainless steel stent substrate, a parylene C primer layer, and a drug‐eluting layer that contains poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate), poly(n‐butyl methacrylate), and sirolimus (rapamycin). Coated AFM tips and two‐dimensional substrates or coupons, which act as surrogates to the CYPHER® Stent, were prepared and characterized. The force–displacement measurements were conducted to evaluate the adhesion between the middle parylene C layer and the 316L stainless steel substrate, the adhesion between the parylene C layer and the outer drug‐eluting layer, and the cohesion between the three constituents of the drug‐eluting layer. The average adhesion forces between the parylene C to drug layer varied from 88 to 167 nN, and the drug layer‐to‐drug layer interactions were between 194 and 486 nN within the model CYPHER® Stent coating. All the adhesion forces measured were larger than those observed for gold–gold interactions, which yielded a pull of force of 19 nN (Zong et al., J Appl Phys 2006;100:104313–104323). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2008
Comparative chronic in vitro toxicity of hexavalent chromium to osteoblasts and monocytes
Authors: Raghunathan Vijay Krishna , Tettey Justice N. A. , Ellis Elizabeth M. , Grant M. Helen 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThere is increasing concern regarding the long‐term biological effects of exposure to low concentrations of metal ions, particularly chromium, in patients following implantation of metal‐on‐metal hip prostheses. To investigate this, we have evaluated the chronic in vitro response to clinically relevant concentrations of chromium VI in osteoblasts and monocytes over a 4‐week period in continuous culture. The cell viability, intracellular reduced glutathione content, glutathione reductase activity and expression, and expression of glutamate cysteine ligase were monitored in both cell types. Monocytes were more susceptible to the toxicity of the metal, and at the end of 4 weeks exposure to 0.5 μM Cr VI, the protein content of cultures had declined to 23.4% ± 1.0% of control cultures. Both cell types demonstrated temporal increases in reduced glutathione levels, glutathione reductase activity, and glutamate cysteine ligase expression. Only osteoblasts showed a transcriptional increase in reductase expression. Data suggest that both cell types mount an adaptive response to chronic exposure to Cr VI, but this is more potent in osteoblasts, and results in the relative resilience of this cell type to the effects of Cr VI on cell viability. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Effect of sintering on porosity, phase, and surface morphology of spray dried hydroxyapatite microspheres
Authors: Wang Ai‐Juan , Lu Yu‐Peng , Zhu Rui‐Fu , Li Shi‐Tong , Xiao Gui‐Yong , Zhao Guang‐Feng , Xu Wen‐Hua 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis article deals with the effect of sintering temperature on the physical and chemical characteristics of hydroxyapatite microspheres (HAMs) obtained by spray drying method. A set of specimens were sintered in a conventional furnace at 500–1100°C. The surface morphology, phase composition, size distribution, specific surface area, and porosity were characterized by scanning electron microscope, X‐ray diffractometer, laser diffraction particle size analyzer, and specific surface area analyzer, respectively. The results indicated that at 800°C, hydroxyapatite crystals began to grow and were sintered together, which caused a drastic decrease in both the specific surface area and the pore volume. Great changes took place on the surfaces of HAMs during sintering. When the samples were sintered at the temperature of 500 and 600°C, no obvious changes can be found on the surfaces of the samples, but at 800°C, open‐micropore surfaces came forth. Besides, the dispersibility of the samples decreased at high temperature (1100°C) because small particles tended to aggregate together. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2008
Chitosan/nanohydroxyapatite composite membranes via dynamic filtration for guided bone regeneration
Authors: Teng Shu‐Hua , Lee Eun‐Jung , Yoon Byung‐Ho , Shin Du‐Sik , Kim Hyoun‐Ee , Oh Joong‐Soo 
Published: February 2008

AbstractChitosan/hydroxyapatite (HA) composite membranes were prepared by the coprecipitation method and a subsequent dynamic filtration and freeze‐drying process. The influences of the HA content of the membranes on their phase and morphology, mechanical properties, and bioactivity were investigated. FTIR analysis revealed that chitosan and HA had good miscibility over a wide range of compositions. Needle‐like HA nanocrystals with low crystallinity were uniformly embedded in the chitosan matrix. As the HA content was increased, the tensile strength of the membranes exhibited a steady decrease, while the elastic modulus increased by a factor of 2 when 20% HA was added. The results of the in vitro cell culture showed that the highest alkaline phosphatase level was achieved when 30% HA was contained in the composites. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Titanium implant surface modification by cathodic reduction in hydrofluoric acid: Surface characterization and in vivo performance
Authors: Lamolle Sébastien F. , Monjo Marta , Lyngstadaas Ståle P. , Ellingsen Jan E. , Haugen Håvard J. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractEtching is used for the surface modification of titanium to improve the implant performance in bone. In this study, pure titanium implants were surface modified by a cathodic reduction process by using hydrofluoric acid (HF) at various concentrations (0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 vol %) and a constant current of 1 mA/cm2. The resulting surface microtopographies were analyzed by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and profilometry, while the surface chemical contents were evaluated by time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. The competitive forces between ionic surface implementation induced by the current direction and the HF etching effect on titanium were highlighted. The implant performance was evaluated in an in vivo rabbit model by using a pull‐out test method. The group of implants modified with 0.01% HF showed the highest retention in bone. Fluoride and hydride amounts measured in the surfaces, as well as surface skewness (Ssk), kurtosis (Sku), and core fluid retention (Sci) were positively correlated to the implant's retention in bone in vivo. Frequently used parameters for characterizing the implant, such as oxide content and the average height deviation from the mean plane (Sa), were not correlated to implant performance, suggesting that these parameters are not the most important in predicting the implant performance. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Transfusion‐related acute lung injury: A thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura treatment‐associated case report and concise review
Authors: Cruz Julie , Skipworth Elaine , Blue Deborah , Waxman Dan , McCarthy Leo , Smith Daniel 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBlood products are frequently required immediately prior to, during, or just after an apheresis procedure. Transfusion‐related acute lung injury (TRALI) is now the leading cause of transfusion‐related mortality, surpassing ABO‐incompatible hemolytic reactions. The reported incidence of TRALI varies but is estimated at 1 in 5,000 transfusions. The true incidence could be higher because of under‐reporting and under‐diagnosis. Plasma is the most frequently implicated blood product. While the pathogenesis of TRALI appears multifactorial, one contributing factor seems to be donor antibodies to cognate recipient neutrophil antigens. Biologically active neutrophil‐priming substances may also play a role. New diagnostic criteria have recently been proposed to aid in the diagnosis of TRALI. We report a thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) treatment‐associated case of TRALI and review the history, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of this syndrome. Current risk reduction strategies are also discussed. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.