bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tourniquet does not affect intraoperative kinematics during total knee arthroplasty: Results of a prospective study using a robotic assistance system
Authors: Faschingbauer Martin , Freisem Kay , Khury Farouk , Martin Ryan J. , Bieger Ralf , Reichel Heiko 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeTourniquet use during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains controversial. There are limited data demonstrating the effect of tourniquet use on flexion and extension gaps. The use of a tourniquet can theoretically affect the kinematics of the knee joint, specifically the extension and flexion gaps and the laxity, by mechanically compressing the soft tissues including the muscles above the knee joint. Therefore, this study was designed to prospectively evaluate changes in flexion and extension gaps with and without the use of a tourniquet.MethodsThe following prospective study included 50 consecutive patients who underwent TKA using a surgical robot. The inclusion criteria were advanced osteoarthritis (OA) and varus‐alignment or valgus‐alignment <3° (hip‐knee‐ankle angle, standing long‐leg X‐ray), and the exclusion criteria were BMI >35 kg/m2 and mechanical axis in >3° valgus. A CR‐TKA was performed, and the medial and lateral gaps (in mm) throughout the full range of motion in 10° increments were recorded. The procedure was conducted both with and without an applied tourniquet (350 mmHg).ResultsNo significant differences were observed in the medial joint space. By contrast, the lateral gap showed significant differences in 10–20° of flexion (with a tourniquet 1.9 mm vs. without a tourniquet 2.1 mm, p = 0.018), 20–30° (1.6 vs. 1.8 mm, p = 0.02), 100–110° (0.9 vs. 1.1 mm, p = 0.021), and 110–120° (0.8 vs. 1 mm, p = 0.038). Thus, at the above degrees of flexion on the lateral side, there was a decrease in the mean of 0.2 mm with the use of a tourniquet.ConclusionAlthough the use of a tourniquet showed a detectable change in the lateral gap in four 10° segments of flexion, clinical relevance with an average difference of 0.2 mm is not achieved. Thus, the use of a tourniquet in TKA can still be advocated based on the presented data.Level of EvidenceLevel I.
Perceptions and Understanding of Transgender Patient Care: A Survey of Practicing Laryngologists
Authors: Swonke Megan , Barr Jeremy , Brissett Ella , Ordonez Adriana , Syed Tariq , Thekdi Apurva 
Published: February 2024

ObjectivesTransgender individuals face significant health disparities including deficiencies in physician education, knowledge, and comfort with transgender health care. As the prevalence of the transgender population increases more individuals may seek gender‐affirming surgery. Herein, we present a survey study which presents data on (1) the current practice patterns, (2) the familiarity with, (3) the perception of, and (4) the future educational goals of transgender health care among laryngologists in the United States.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey study of practicing laryngologists in the United States.ResultsA total of 53 laryngologists participated in the study, with 50 (94.3%) coming from an academic practice. Survey response rate was 32.3% (54/167). The number of patients cared for and surgeries performed were significantly associated with self‐perceived overall competence (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001), surgical competence (p = 0.013 and p < 0.001), and comfort counseling patients on gender‐affirming surgeries (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001). Most obtained training through real‐world experience (n = 46, 86.8%), whereas only 11 (20.7%) had formal training in residency or fellowship. Although 37 (70%) of participants felt competent caring for transgender patients, 38 (72%) want to learn more about transgender care, and 49 (93%) support incorporating transgender care into otolaryngology residency/fellowship curricula.ConclusionThere is a need for an increased awareness of transgender healthcare issues to address disparities experienced by this diverse population. Many laryngologists report wanting to learn more about this developing part of our field and support incorporating transgender care into training. We attempt to spotlight the degree by which practicing laryngologists are familiar, competent, and comfortable with transgender care.Level of Evidence5 Laryngoscope, 134:3215–3219, 2024
Patterns of Care for T1 Glottic Squamous Cell Carcinomas from 2004–2020
Authors: Malik Devesh , Jacobs Daniel , Fereydooni Soraya , Park Henry S. , Mehra Saral 
Published: February 2024

Objective(s)Describe recent national trends in overall treatment modalities for T1 glottic squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), and identify factors associated with treatment regimens.MethodsNational Cancer Database from 2004–2020 was queried for all patients with glottic cT1N0M0 SCC. Treatment patterns over time were analyzed using the Cochran‐Armitage test for trend. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to determine the factors associated with treatment regimens.ResultsOf the 22,414 patients identified, most patients received RT only (57%), 21% received surgery only, and 22% received dual‐modality treatment (“over‐treatment”). Over the time period, there was a decreasing trend in rates of over‐treatment for T1 glottic SCC (p < 0.001) and an increasing trend in surgery only (p < 0.001). Treatment in 2016–2018 (OR: 1.168 [1.004 to 1.359]), 2013–2015 (OR: 1.419 [1.221 to 1.648]), 2010–2012 (OR: 1.611 [1.388 to 1.871]), 2007–2009 (OR: 1.682 [1.450 to 1.951]), or 2004–2006 (OR: 1.795 [1.548 to 2.081]) versus 2019–2020 was associated with greater likelihood of over‐treatment. T1b tumors were less likely to be over‐treated (OR: 0.795 [0.707 to 0.894]) versus T1a tumors, and less likely to receive surgery first (OR: 0.536 [0.485 to 0.592]) versus T1a tumors.ConclusionOver‐treatment for T1 glottic SCC has been declining, with increasing rates of surgery only. Year of treatment was significantly associated with the receipt of dual‐modality treatment. Finally, patients with T1b disease were more likely to receive RT as the first and only treatment.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:3633–3644, 2024
Vectorized facial skin tightening: A study on the Thermal Thread Technique™ utilizing high‐intensity, high‐frequency, parallel ultrasound beam
Authors: Oku Kentaro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundFacial skin tightening with wrinkle/fine line reduction is a highly demanded procedure in the aesthetic field. Although there are studies focused on the types of energy sources, the total amount of thermal energy, and the affected depth, there have been no reports examining the relationship between the shape of thermal energy and the directivity of skin tightening. We have developed a specific method to apply thermal energy to the dermis in continuous parallel lines, resembling a thread, perpendicular to the Relaxed Skin Tension Lines (RSTL) for vectorized collagen contraction using synchronous ultrasound parallel beam technology.ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety, tightening capability, and directivity of the Thermal Thread Technique™ utilizing a high‐intensity, high‐frequency, parallel ultrasound beam.Materials and MethodsA total of 34 cases, both males and females aged between 30 and 70 years with Fitzpatrick skin types 2–4, exhibiting mild to moderate skin laxity, participated. All subjects received one treatment using the Thermal Thread Technique™ utilizing high‐intensity, high‐frequency parallel ultrasound beam to cover the full face and submental area. 3D clinical images were captured before, 8 weeks, and 24 weeks after the treatment. A quantitative image analysis of captured 3D images was performed to objectively measure the direction and distance of contraction.ResultsThe average contraction distance from baseline (0 mm) to 8 weeks and 24 weeks posttreatment were 1.91 ± 0.61 mm (p < 0.001) and 1.96 ± 0.67 mm (p < 0.001) respectively. Regarding the contraction direction at 24 weeks posttreatment, the angle formed between the contraction direction and the base axis, which is perpendicular to the RSTL, was + 9.85° ± 32.94°. Out of 34 cases, 28 met the criteria with the angle within ±22.5° of the base axis (p < 0.001). The average pain score on a 0–5 scale (0 being no pain, and 5 being maximum pain) was 2.63 ± 0.78. No side effects were reported during the treatment or observation period.ConclusionThe Thermal Thread Technique™ utilizing a high‐intensity, high‐frequency, parallel ultrasound beam was proven to be clinically safe and effective for vectorized facial skin tightening.
Damage evaluation of carbon fiber reinforced composites under corrosion condition of sour gas well
Authors: Wujun Chen , Zhiming Yu , Rui Zhang , Dezhi Zeng , Baojun Dong , Xi Wang , Kunji Ming 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe paper focuses on the excellent chemical inertness characteristics of nonmetallic materials and evaluates the performance of three types of new carbon fiber‐reinforced resin‐based composites under various simulated corrosion conditions in wellbores. Through comprehensive analysis of macro and micromorphology, moisture absorption performance, strength performance, and molecular structure, the damage characteristics and applicability of carbon fiber composites in oil and gas wellbore conditions were clarified. T700/epoxy and T300/epoxy composites experienced damage dominated by physical effects such as moisture absorption and wet thermal stress, manifested as swelling, deformation, and cracking at the macro level, and pore formation and delamination cracking at the micro level. After continuous corrosion tests, the tensile strength of T700/bismaleimide composite (913 MPa) was higher than that of T700/epoxy composite (814 MPa) and T300/epoxy composite (636 MPa), with reductions of 12.4%, 14.3%, and 19.5% respectively. The research results showed T700 carbon fiber/bismaleimide resin composites had the best mechanical and chemical stability.
Alternative splicing‐related long noncoding RNA ANRIL facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting the miR‐199a‐5p/SRSF1 axis and impacting Anillin
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Lu Yiquan , Wang Nan , Yang Yuchen , Hao Fengjie , Fei Xiaochun , Chen Yongjun , Wang Junqing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by aberrant alternative splicing (AS), which plays an important part in the pathological process of this disease. However, available reports about genes and mechanisms involved in AS process are limited. Our previous research has identified ANRIL as a long noncoding RNA related to the AS process of HCC. Here, we investigated the exact effect and the mechanism of ANRIL on HCC progress. The ANRIL expression profile was validated using the real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. The western blot analysis and IHC assay were conducted on candidate targets, including SRSF1 and Anillin. The clinicopathological features of 97 patients were collected and analyzed. Loss‐of and gain‐of‐function experiments were conducted. The dual‐luciferase reporter assay was applied to verify the interaction between ANRIL, miR‐199a‐5p, and SRSF1. Anomalous upregulation of ANRIL in HCC was observed, correlating with worse clinicopathological features of HCC. HCC cell proliferation, mobility, tumorigenesis, and metastasis were impaired by depleting ANRIL. We found that ANRIL acts as a sponger of miRNA‐199a‐5p, resulting in an elevated level of its target protein SRSF1. The phenotypes induced by ANRIL/miR‐199a‐5p/SRSF1 alteration are associated with Anillin, a validated HCC promoter. ANRIL is an AS‐related lncRNA promoting HCC progress by modulating the miR‐199a‐5p/SRSF1 axis. The downstream effector of this axis in the development of HCC is Anillin.
Altered extracellular matrix dynamics is associated with insulin resistance in adolescent children with obesity
Authors: Slusher Aaron L. , Nouws Jessica , Tokoglu Fuyuze , Vash‐Margita Alla , Matthews Marcy D. , Fitch Mark , Shankaran Mahalakshmi , Hellerstein Marc K. , Caprio Sonia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine the hypothesis that abdominal and gluteal adipocyte turnover, lipid dynamics, and fibrogenesis are dysregulated among insulin‐resistant (IR) compared with insulin‐sensitive (IS) adolescents with obesity.MethodsSeven IS and seven IR adolescents with obesity participated in a 3‐h oral glucose tolerance test and a multi‐section magnetic resonance imaging scan of the abdominal region to examine body fat distribution patterns and liver fat content. An 8‐week 70% deuterated water (2H2O) labeling protocol examined adipocyte turnover, lipid dynamics, and fibrogenesis in vivo from biopsied abdominal and gluteal fat.ResultsAbdominal and gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) turnover rates of lipid components were similar among IS and IR adolescents with obesity. However, the insoluble collagen (type I, subunit α2) isoform measured from abdominal, but not gluteal, SAT was elevated in IR compared with IS individuals. In addition, abdominal insoluble collagen Iα2 was associated with ratios of visceral‐to‐total (visceral adipose tissue + SAT) abdominal fat and whole‐body and adipose tissue insulin signaling, and it trended toward a positive association with liver fat content.ConclusionsAltered extracellular matrix dynamics, but not expandability, potentially decreases abdominal SAT lipid storage capacity, contributing to the pathophysiological pathways linking adipose tissue and whole‐body IR with altered ectopic storage of lipids within the liver among IR adolescents with obesity.
KAT8/SIRT7‐mediated Fascin‐K41 acetylation/deacetylation regulates tumor metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Da‐Jia , Cheng Yin‐Wei , Pan Jin‐Mei , Guo Zhen‐Chang , Wang Shao‐Hong , Huang Qing‐Feng , Nie Ping‐Juan , Shi Wen‐Qi , Xu Xiu‐E , Wen Bing , Zhong Jin‐Ling , Zhang Zhi‐Da , Wu Zhi‐Yong , Zhao Hui , Liao Lian‐Di , Wu Jian‐Yi , Zhang Kai , Dong Geng , Li En‐Min , Xu Li‐Yan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFascin actin‐bundling protein 1 (Fascin) is highly expressed in a variety of cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), working as an important oncogenic protein and promoting the migration and invasion of cancer cells by bundling F‐actin to facilitate the formation of filopodia and invadopodia. However, it is not clear how exactly the function of Fascin is regulated by acetylation in cancer cells. Here, in ESCC cells, the histone acetyltransferase KAT8 catalyzed Fascin lysine 41 (K41) acetylation, to inhibit Fascin‐mediated F‐actin bundling and the formation of filopodia and invadopodia. Furthermore, NAD‐dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin (SIRT) 7‐mediated deacetylation of Fascin‐K41 enhances the formation of filopodia and invadopodia, which promotes the migration and invasion of ESCC cells. Clinically, the analysis of cancer and adjacent tissue samples from patients with ESCC showed that Fascin‐K41 acetylation was lower in the cancer tissue of patients with lymph node metastasis than in that of patients without lymph node metastasis, and low levels of Fascin‐K41 acetylation were associated with a poorer prognosis in patients with ESCC. Importantly, K41 acetylation significantly blocked NP‐G2‐044, one of the Fascin inhibitors currently being clinically evaluated, suggesting that NP‐G2‐044 may be more suitable for patients with low levels of Fascin‐K41 acetylation, but not suitable for patients with high levels of Fascin‐K41 acetylation. © 2024 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of oligolactic acid stereocomplex microplates as rapid crystallization nucleating agents on the properties of poly(L‐lactic acid)
Authors: Li Honglin , Liu Wanjun , Chen Zhize 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAn efficient and scalable method to prepare oligolactic acid stereocomplex microplates (SC‐OLA‐MPs) is developed. Oligolactic acid was firstly synthesized via the melt polycondensation of lactic acid. Then, the oligo (L‐lactic acid) and oligo (D‐lactic acid) were crystallized with a mixture of dichloromethane and acetone, and consequently the stereocomplex microparticles were obtained in the form of circular microplates with a diameter of approximately 2 μm. As an eco‐friendly nucleating agent, SC‐OLA‐MPs were introduced into poly (L‐lactic acid) (PLLA) via melt blending. The nonisothermal and isothermal crystallization of the SC‐OLA‐MPs/PLLA composites were investigated, and the crystal morphology and heterogeneous nucleation phenomena during the isothermal crystallization process were photographed with POM. SC‐OLA‐MPs show excellent nucleating effects on PLLA crystallization. With the incorporation of 10% SC‐OLA‐MPs, the crystallization half‐time of the SC‐OLA‐MPs/PLLA composite decreased from 7.18 to 0.45 min at 100°C, compared to the neat PLLA. Through a short‐time molding procedure, the thermal deformation temperature of PLLA is improved by the addition of SC‐OLA‐MPs.Highlights
Polylactic acid stereocomplex microplates were fabricated by solution crystallization.
This method is easy and scalable.
This microplate is an effective nucleating agent for PLLA.
Retrospective study of serial polysomnograms of bronchopulmonary dysplasia patients with oxygen dependence
Authors: Yousif Deena , Cerini Chiara , Ward Sally , Iyer Narayan , Kato Roberta , Durazo‐Arvizu Ramon , Bansal Manvi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionThis retrospective study describes characteristics of serial polysomnograms (PSGs) of BPD patients on home oxygen therapy and describes PSG parameters associated with discontinuation of supplemental oxygen.MethodsA single‐center study was performed at Children's Hospital Los Angeles, where serial PSGs for 44 patients with BPD infants discharged on home oxygen therapy were extracted for maximum of five PSGs or until oxygen discontinuation. Clinical and polysomnography data was collected. Characteristics of PSG1 were compared amongst the patients who were weaned from oxygen after PSG2 and PSG3.ResultsOf 44 patients, 68.2% of patients were males with median birth gestational age of 26 weeks (IQR: 24.6–28.1), median birthweight of 777.5 g (IQR: 632.5–1054 g) and 77.3% of the cohort had severe BPD. A total of 138 PSGs were studied between all 44 patients serially. When comparing PSG1 and PSG2 parameters, statistically significant improvement was noted in multiple parameters. Median baseline SpO2, peak RR, and average PETCO2 were found to be potential predictors of prolonged oxygen use. Gestational age and birth weight were not associated with prolonged oxygen use after PSG3. The median age of oxygen discontinuation was calculated to be about 2 years of age.ConclusionsThe severity of hypoxia and tachypnea on initial infant PSG are associated with prolonged oxygen therapy past 2 years of age. Growth and development of lungs with maturation of control of breathing help improve these parameters over time regardless of BPD severity. The study may inform discussions between providers and parents for patients discharged home on oxygen therapy.
Pediatric Asthma Therapy Assessment Questionnaire for the Brazilian population: Cross‐cultural adaptation and measurement properties
Authors: Santino Thayla Amorim , Holanda Hesli de Sousa , de Souza Juliana Cirilo Soares , Jácome Maria Clara Almeida , Menescal Fernanda Elizabeth Pereira da Silva , Barbosa Joubert Vitor de Souto , Jácome Ada Cristina , Amaral Cleia Teixeira do , Alchieri João Carlos , de Mendonça Karla Morganna Pereira Pinto 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo cross‐culturally adapt the Pediatric Asthma Therapy Assessment Questionnaire (ATAQ) into Brazilian Portuguese and analyze its measurement properties.MethodsThis exploratory methodological study included eight experts and 30 caregivers in the translation and cross‐cultural adaptation steps. Thereafter, 118 caregivers of pediatric patients with asthma aged between 5 and 17 years were involved in the analysis of measurement properties. We analyzed the content, structural (exploratory and confirmatory factorial), construct (convergent and discriminant), and known‐groups validities; floor and ceiling effects; and determined the cut‐off point (receiver operator characteristic curve) to identify pediatric patients with uncontrolled asthma. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analyzed test−retest reliability with 54 caregivers, whereas Cronbach's α and composite reliability verified the internal consistency of the items.ResultsThe committee of experts and caregivers found the instructions and response options relevant, understandable, and clear (K > 0.75). During the cross‐cultural adaptation, three items (2, 4, and 12) were slightly modified by including terms to facilitate understanding. A two‐factor structure (asthma control and patient‐provider communication) was identified. Internal consistency (α > .67; composite reliability > 0.73) and test−retest reliability (ICC > 0.80) were acceptable. For construct and know‐groups validities, 85.71% of the hypothesis were confirmed. A cut‐off point of >3 for the control domain was considered adequate to identify pediatric patients with uncontrolled asthma (sensitivity: 86.21%; specificity: 80.90%).ConclusionThe Pediatric ATAQ was adequately adapted for Brazilian pediatric patients with asthma and produced valid and reliable measures for assessing asthma control. Therefore, it may be considered an adequate instrument for monitoring asthma control in the Brazilian pediatric population.
Particle Dynamics and Matter Accretion onto Non‐linear Charged AdS Black Holes in Massive Gravity
Authors: Malik Adnan , Shahzad M. Umair 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article investigates the dynamics of charged particles and accretion process around nonlinear charged AdS black holes (BHs). the impact of key factors such as angular momentum, specific energy, and magnetic field on the behavior of particles are focused. Firstly, the concept of the effective potential is examined, which provides insights into the forces acting on particles and the escape velocity they must overcome. The innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) is also discussed, which is the closest distance a particle can orbit a BH without being pulled in and explore the conditions for particle escape. Next, the energy efficiency and epicyclic frequency of test particles are studied, which measure the amount of energy particle loses due to friction and the frequency of its oscillations, respectively. The accretion processes is analyzed by examining the radial velocity, energy density, and accretion mass of matter falling into the BH. Using the equation of state, how different types of fluid, such as stiff, dust, quintessence and phantom‐like dark energy fluid, affect the accretion process near a BH is investigated. Throughout this study, the parameter plays a key role in shaping the dynamics of particles and accretion systems is found. This parameter is a measure of the strength of the nonlinear electrodynamics field, and it can have a significant impact on the radius of the ISCO, the energy efficiency of accretion, and other properties. These findings provide new insights into the physics of particle dynamics around nonlinear charged AdS BHs. They could have implications for understanding the behavior of matter in extreme gravitational environments, such as those found near the center of galaxies.