bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multidimensional vibrational circular dichroism for insect wings: Comparison of species
Authors: Sato Hisako , Koshoubu Jun , Inoué Sayako , Kawamura Izuru , Yamagishi Akihiko 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study reports the microscopic measurements of vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) on four different insect wings using a quantum cascade laser VCD system equipped with microscopic scanning capabilities (named multi‐dimensional VCD [MultiD‐VCD]). Wing samples, including (i) beetle, Anomala albopilosa (female), (ii) European hornet, Verspa crabro flavofasciata Cameron, 1903 (female), (iii) tiny dragonfly, Nannophya pygmae Rambur, 1842 (male), and (iv) dragonfly, Symetrum gracile Oguma, 1915 (male), were used in this study. Two‐dimensional patterns of VCD signals (~10 mm × 10 mm) were obtained at a spatial resolution of 100 μm. Measurements covered the absorption peaks assigned to amides I and II in the range of 1500–1740 cm−1. The measurements were based on the enhancement of VCD signals for the stereoregular linkage of peptide groups. The patterns were remarkably dependent on the species. In samples (i) and (ii), the wings comprised segregated domains of protein aggregates of different secondary structures. The size of each microdomain was approximately 100 μm. In contrast, no clear VCD spectra were detected in samples (iii) and (iv). One possible reason was that the chain of stereoregular polypeptides was too short to achieve VCD enhancement in samples (iii) and (iv). Notably, the unique features were only observed in the VCD spectra because the IR spectra were nearly the same among the species. The VCD results hinted at the connection of protein microscopic structures with the wing flapping mechanisms of each species.
Regulating CRISPR/Cas9 Using Streptavidin‐Biotin Interactions†
Authors: Shen Wei , Xiong Wei , Qi Qianqian , Liu Xingyu , Xie Zhongpao , Zhang Yuanyuan , Hou Jinxuan , Tian Tian , Zhou Xiang 
Published: February 2024

Comprehensive SummaryCurrently, CRISPR/Cas9 technology has found widespread applications across various domains. However, the utility of CRISPR/Cas9 is encumbered by issues pertaining to its reliability and safety, primarily stemming from the uncontrolled activity of the system. Therefore, the design and development of CRISPR/Cas9 systems with controllable activity is of paramount importance. Biotin, characterized by its small molecular weight, and streptavidin, distinguished by its substantial spatial steric hindrance, can be harnessed as an ideal OFF switch (termed a "bioactivity brake") due to their interaction characteristics. In this work, we present a strategy that employs the streptavidin‐biotin interaction as a "brake system" for CRISPR/Cas9, effectively allowing for the shutdown of the enzymatic activity of CRISPR/Cas9.
Stereospecific Assembly of Trisubstituted Alkenes via Photoinduced Nitrogen‐Centered Radical‐Triggered C—C Bond Cleavage/Functionalization of Oxime Esters
Authors: Bao Yu , Song Zhi‐Jie , Dai Jin‐Long , Yan Shenghu , Zhang Yue , Wang Jia‐Yin , Li Guigen 
Published: February 2024

Comprehensive SummaryA general and convenient photoredox‐catalyzed acylation and alkylcyanation of MBH acetates has been established, enabling the assembly of the C(sp2)–C(sp3) bond by a nitrogen‐centered radical strategy for the synthesis of trisubstituted alkenes in moderate to excellent chemical yields (48 examples in total). The reaction of MBH acetates with acyl (indanone) oxime esters afforded trisubstituted alkenes containing 1,4‐dicarbonyl groups. Interestingly, the use of Eosin Y as a photocatalyst in the catalytic system resulted in the formation of distal cyano group‐anchored trisubstituted alkenes via deconstructive functionalization of cycloketone oxime esters. Notably, these resulting 1,4‐dicarbonyl compounds could be applied to late‐stage transformations, providing important methods for the synthesis of dihydropyridazin‐3(2H)‐one.
Case series: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in pediatric oncology patients
Authors: Sarkar Sanila , Stitzlein Lea M. , Rav Emily , Garcia Miriam B. , Razvi Shehla , Chang Michael , Zakhour Ramia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundStenotrophomonas maltophilia is a bacterial pathogen that can be fatal in hospitalized and immunocompromised patients with mortality as high as 69%. Pediatric cancer patients often have risk factors that are common for this infection, making them particularly susceptible. Managing S. maltophilia is especially challenging as it has inherent resistance to several antibiotics. Furthermore, soft tissue infections in neutropenic patients may deviate from the typical clinical presentation of S. maltophilia.Case DetailsThis case series describes an in‐depth examination of three cases involving immunocompromised pediatric patients with S. maltophilia infections. Each case exhibited a distinct clinical presentation, encompassing infection of the blood, lung, and skin, which highlights the variability in which S. maltophilia manifests in immunocompromised pediatric patients. These patients were treated at MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) from 2020 to 2023, unfortunately resulting in fatality.ConclusionsThe study aims to provide valuable insights and guidance for the management of patients with S. maltophilia infections. Emphasizing a heightened clinical suspicion will potentially lead to early initiation of directed therapy against S. maltophilia. Timely intervention may play a pivotal role in improving patient outcomes and reduce further burden to the healthcare system.
A rare case of metaplastic breast carcinoma from India: Towards precision oncology
Authors: Banerjee Soirindhri , Mahajan Ishika , Ghose Aruni , Boussios Stergios , Chakraborty Shivam 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundMetaplastic Breast Cancer (MpBC) is an exceedingly rare entity, accounting for less than 1% of all malignant breast tumours. Predominantly triple‐negative, they are notorious for their chemoresistance, high rates of recurrence and decreased disease‐free survival (DFS). All this contributes significantly to BC mortality and results in poor prognostic implications. Limited evidence has led to a lacuna of specific treatment guidelines for this entity and hence remains an uncharted territory for clinicians.CaseWe report a case of a 46 year old premenopausal female with left‐sided metaplastic triple negative T3N2aM0 BC with mesenchymal differentiation (high grade) whom we treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, primary surgery in the form of extreme oncoplasty and adjuvant radiotherapy by Telecobalt machine. Contrary to the expected aggressive course of the disease and poor prognosis of treatment, the patient is presently in remission without progression for over 2 years of follow up.ConclusionLimited experience in management of this pathological entity warrants the need for more research on it, with a special focus on targeted therapy. Discussing possibilities of a tailored approach, rather than a one‐size‐fits‐all approach may aid in paving the path for the future of MpBC treatment.
Self‐Consistent Convolutional Density Functional Approximations: Application to Adsorption at Metal Surfaces
Authors: Sahoo Sushree Jagriti , Xu Qimen , Lei Xiangyun , Staros Daniel , Iyer Gopal R. , Rubenstein Brenda , Suryanarayana Phanish , Medford Andrew J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe exchange‐correlation (XC) functional in density functional theory is used to approximate multi‐electron interactions. A plethora of different functionals are available, but nearly all are based on the hierarchy of inputs commonly referred to as “Jacob's ladder.” This paper introduces an approach to construct XC functionals with inputs from convolutions of arbitrary kernels with the electron density, providing a route to move beyond Jacob's ladder. We derive the variational derivative of these functionals, showing consistency with the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), and provide equations for variational derivatives based on multipole features from convolutional kernels. A proof‐of‐concept functional, PBEq, which generalizes the PBE
framework with
being a spatially‐resolved function of the monopole of the electron density, is presented and implemented. It allows a single functional to use different GGAs at different spatial points in a system, while obeying PBE constraints. Analysis of the results underlines the importance of error cancellation and the XC potential in data‐driven functional design. After testing on small molecules, bulk metals, and surface catalysts, the results indicate that this approach is a promising route to simultaneously optimize multiple properties of interest.
Aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces of Indo‐Gangetic Plains of India harbor rich genetic diversity
Authors: Bairwa Rakesh Kumar , Yadav Mahesh C. , Tiwari Shailesh , Mahendran Aswin , Ellur Ranjith Kumar , Krishnan S. Gopala 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm conserved in global genebanks needs intensive characterization to assess genetic diversity and population structure for crop improvement. We analyzed a panel of 92 accessions of non‐Basmati aromatic rice landrace germplasm with 23 phenotypic traits and 48 microsatellite markers. The landrace accessions displayed a huge phenotypic diversity for traits, namely, culm length, flag‐leaf length, panicle‐bearing tillers (PBT), plant height, panicle length, peduncle length, panicle exsertion, grain length, grain width, hull color, and 1000‐grain weight (TGW). Phenotypic clustering revealed three major clusters and five principal components explained 81.24% of the variance. TGW was associated positively with grain length, grain width, peduncle length, and grain yield but negatively with culm length and PBT. A total of 528 microsatellite alleles were detected, with 11.0 alleles per locus, revealing the presence of high polymorphism. Genetically, four subpopulations were detected based on structure analysis. In the germplasm, high levels of gene flow (Nm = 1.51) and gene diversity (HE = 0.83) were found. Among the subpopulations, we discovered high levels of inbreeding (FIS = 0.92) and moderate genetic differentiation (FST = 0.14). High polymorphism information content (0.806) along with a high level of molecular variance among genotypes (79%) was detected. A large number of multiple alleles were detected in numerous landrace accessions, revealing the presence of heterogeneity and heterozygotes in the landrace germplasm. The results of the present study are vital for the utilization of landrace diversity in the genetic improvement programs designed for rice quality improvement and consumer preference.
Influence of temperature and pressure gradient on power deposition and field pattern in High Magnetic field Helicon eXperiment
Authors: Zhou Y. , Huang T. Y. , Wu X. M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBased on High Magnetic field Helicon eXperiment, considering the parabolic distribution and Gaussian distribution of radial plasma density, HELIC code was used to study the influence of temperature and pressure gradient on power deposition, electric field, and current density of Helicon Wave Plasma. Three different gradients (positive, negative, and zero gradient) were selected. The results show that positive temperature gradient is beneficial to increase the relative absorption power at the center of plasma. Compared with negative and zero pressure gradients, positive pressure gradient increases the relative absorption power and weakens the current density at the center of plasma, and increases the electric field intensity at the edge of plasma. Larger edge heating will cause the relative absorption power at edge to rise rapidly, which is not conducive to the coupling at the center of plasma. In practical experiments, it is particularly important to reduce the heating effect at edge by cooling the antenna itself. Three different gradients of temperature and pressure have little effect on electric field intensity and current density in plasma, and the variation trend is basically similar, which proves the stability of the antenna mode: m = 1.
Comparison of cardiovascular outcomes of new antihyperglycemic agents in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhou Zijing , Zheng Min , Zuo Zhihong , Wu Ting 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsThe study aims to provide comprehensive evidence for the selection of agents in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with cardiovascular risk and summarize the lasted evidence for the cardiovascular effects of sodium glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) in patients with heart failure (HF).Methods and resultsSeveral online databases were searched. All studies that explored the cardiovascular effects of SGLT2i or glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP1‐RA) were screened and reviewed. A total of 38 studies were included. Compared with GLP1‐RA, the use of SGLT2i significantly reduced the risk of cardiovascular death [risk ratio (RR) = 0.59; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.44–0.58], hospitalization of heart failure (HHF) (RR = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.74–0.80), death from any cause (RR = 0.64; 95% CI, 0.60–0.68), and myocardial infarction (MI) (RR = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.76–0.87). However, SGLT2i significantly increased the risk of stroke (RR = 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04–1.17). Compared with the control group, SGLT2i treatment reduced the risk of cardiovascular death by 14% (RR = 0.86; 95% CI, 0.79–0.94), HHF by 25%, and death from any cause by 9% in patients with HF, regardless of diabetes status.ConclusionsSGLT2i is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular death, HHF, death from any cause, and MI in patients with T2DM compared with GLP1‐RA. In addition, SGLT2i brought more benefits with respect to the effects of cardiovascular death, HHF, and death from any cause in patients with HF, regardless of diabetes status.
Back analysis of shear strength parameters of slope based on BP neural network and genetic algorithm
Authors: Deng Xiaopeng , Xiang Xinghua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEfficient and accurate acquisition of slope shear strength parameters is the key to slope stability analysis and landslide prevention engineering design. This paper establishes a back analysis method based on uniform design, artificial neural network, and genetic algorithm. It can obtain the shear strength parameters of slopes based on information such as the radius and center coordinates of the slip surface obtained from on‐site investigations. This method has been applied to engineering practice. The research results indicate that the stability of the waste dump slope is most sensitive to the response of the internal friction angle of the loose body, followed by cohesion, and least sensitive to the response of the soil volume weight. This method can effectively reduce the number of network training samples and efficiently and quickly determine the initial weights of the BP (abbreviation for back‐propagation) neural network. This method can efficiently and quickly conduct back analysis to obtain the shear strength parameters of slopes. Using the obtained shear strength parameters for slope stability calculation, the most dangerous slip surface abscissa error, ordinate error, and slip surface radius error are only 3.59%, 0.95%, and 1.83%. It is recommended to promote the back analysis method of shear strength parameters in engineering practice in the future.
Intraoperative ECoG in bottom‐of‐the‐sulcus syndrome using a novel flexible strip electrode
Authors: Biagioli Niccolò , Morandi Sofia , Vaudano Anna Elisabetta , Pugnaghi Matteo , Moriconi Elisa , Pavesi Giacomo , Tramontano Vincenzo , Meletti Stefano 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe recording of epileptiform discharges from bottom‐of‐sulcus focal cortical dysplasia (BOSD) is often difficult during intraoperative electrocorticography (ECoG) due to the deep localization. We describe the use in this scenario of a new‐generation electrode strip with high flexibility, easily adapted to cortical gyri and sulci. A right‐handed 20‐year‐old male with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy due to BOSD of the inferior frontal gyrus and daily focal aware seizures was evaluated for epilepsy surgery. Based on electroclinical and neuroimaging results, a focal cortectomy guided by ECoG was proposed. ECoG recordings were performed with new‐generation cortical strips (Wise Cortical Strip; WCS®) and standard cortical strips. ECoG, performed on the convexity of the frontal cortical surface, recorded only sporadic spikes with both types of strips. Then, after microsurgical trans‐sulcal dissection, WCS was molded along the sulcal surface of the suspected BOSD based on 3D‐imaging reconstruction, showing continuous/subcontinuous 3–4‐Hz rhythmic spike activity from the deepest electrode. Registration after resection of the BOSD did not show any epileptiform activity. Pathology showed dysmorphic neurons and gliosis. No surgical complications occurred. The patient is seizure‐free after 12 months. This single case experience shows that highly flexible electrode strips with adaptability to cortical gyrations can identify IEDs originating from deep location and could therefore be useful in cases of bottom of the sulcus dysplasia.
Biotic Ligand Modeling for the Effect of Major Cations on the Uptake of Cadmium in Folsomia candida Exposed in a Sand-Solution Medium
Authors: Ardestani Masoud M. , Gestel Cornelis A. M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Biotic ligand modeling (BLM) approaches are already applied to predict the bioavailability and possible risk of metals in surface water, but need further development for soils. The present study investigated the effect of major cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, and H+) on cadmium bioaccumulation in the springtail Folsomia candida. To avoid the complexity of real soils and enable control of elemental speciation in the exposure medium, the animals were exposed to different cadmium concentrations in an inert quartz sand-solution medium. Accumulation of cadmium in the animals was measured after 7 days exposure at different cation concentrations. Among the cations, only Ca2+ significantly affected the uptake of cadmium in the springtails. Mg2+ also had higher effects compared with other selected cations. Using a BLM approach, the uptake of cadmium in the animals predicted by taking into account both Ca2+ and Mg2+ activities correlated well with the measured values (R2 = 0.68). The final estimated conditional binding constants for cadmium (log KCd-BL), Ca (log KCa-BL), and Mg (log KMg-BL) of 1.06, 2.14, and 1.23 L/mol, respectively, were in agreement with previously reported values. The match between predicted and measured uptake data confirms the applicability and usefulness of the BLM for predicting the bioavailability of cadmium to springtails and opens the way for its application in soil. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1090–1096. © 2024 SETAC
Volatility forecasting for stock market incorporating media reports, investors' sentiment, and attention based on MTGNN model
Authors: Lei Bolin , Song Yuping 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the self‐monitoring learning model FinBERT is used to identify text emotions, and the sliding time window time‐lagged cross‐correlation (WTLCC) method is utilized to screen Baidu Index keywords for the Shanghai Stock Exchange Index and 18 A‐share listed companies. There are five different types of indicators constructed: news media sentiment, public attention, investor sentiment, investor sentiment disagreement, and media sentiment disagreement. To accurately describe the structure of sentimental contagion, this paper combines graph neural network to learn and output the sentimental contagion graph, and then constructs multivariable time series forecasting with graph neural networks (MTGNN) volatility forecasting model, which can extract the spatial–temporal dependence of variables in pairs. The results show that MTGNN model possesses the highest forecasting accuracy, which performs 30.30% lower on average across four evaluation indicators for Shanghai Stock Exchange Index than temporal pattern attention–long short‐term memory model, which ranks second. For all of the models considered in this paper, adding sentimental contagion mechanism can significantly improve the volatility forecasting accuracy. The error of MTGNN is reduced the most, with a 15.21% average reduction for the Shanghai Stock Exchange Index. The contagion relationship among media reports, investor sentiment, and attention can help provide new ideas for enhancing the precision of volatility forecasting from the public opinion environment in the financial market.
Effect of goji berry incorporation on the texture, physicochemical, and sensory properties of wheat bread
Authors: Hashemi Saba , Mollakhalili‐Meybodi Neda , Akrami Mohajeri Fateme , Fallahzadeh Hossein , Khalili Sadrabad Elham 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe regular intake of Lycium barbarum (goji berry) is supposed to play an important role in the promotion of human health. Regarding, its incorporation into staple foods, including bread, seems to be effective. However, it requires the evaluation of dough behavior and final product quality. This study investigated the effect of goji berry incorporation at levels of 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30% ww−1 on the textural, physicochemical, and sensory properties of wheat bread. Results indicated a significant enhancement of water absorption and gelatinization temperature in composite flour via the inclusion of goji berry powder (p < 0.05). Using goji berry powder up to 20% ww−1 has shown to obtain the structure able to restore gases through the baking process and provide enhancement in a specific volume at about 10%. Alongside, the hardness of composite bread decreased, and the optimal hardness was observed at formulations containing 20% w/w goji berry powder with a value equal to 1199.95 ± 0.05 g, which is supposed to be induced by the higher specific volume and lower moisture content of bread samples. Moreover, color and sensory perception have been found to be significantly changed by goji berry substitution. Goji berry substitution up to 20% ww−1 is found to be preferred by the consumer, and a drop in overall acceptability was observed at its higher inclusion. The technological characteristic changes induced by goji berry incorporation are induced by its gluten dilution impact. However, the gel‐like structure formed by the high fiber content of goji berries compensates for this adverse impact up to 20% w/w substitution level.