bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic multicolor emissions of multimodal phosphors by Mn2+ trace doping in self-activated CaGa4O7
Authors: Tang Yiqian , Cai Yiyu , Dou Kunpeng , Chang Jianqing , Li Wei , Wang Shanshan , Sun Mingzi , Huang Bolong , Liu Xiaofeng , Qiu Jianrong , Zhou Lei , Wu Mingmei , Zhang Jun-Cheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe manipulation of excitation modes and resultant emission colors in luminescent materials holds pivotal importance for encrypting information in anti-counterfeiting applications. Despite considerable achievements in multimodal and multicolor luminescent materials, existing options generally suffer from static monocolor emission under fixed external stimulation, rendering them vulnerability to replication. Achieving dynamic multimodal luminescence within a single material presents a promising yet challenging solution. Here, we report the development of a phosphor exhibiting dynamic multicolor photoluminescence (PL) and photo-thermo-mechanically responsive multimodal emissions through the incorporation of trace Mn2+ ions into a self-activated CaGa4O7 host. The resulting phosphor offers adjustable emission-color changing rates, controllable via re-excitation intervals and photoexcitation powers. Additionally, it demonstrates temperature-induced color reversal and anti-thermal-quenched emission, alongside reproducible elastic mechanoluminescence (ML) characterized by high mechanical durability. Theoretical calculations elucidate electron transfer pathways dominated by intrinsic interstitial defects and vacancies for dynamic multicolor emission. Mn2+ dopants serve a dual role in stabilizing nearby defects and introducing additional defect levels, enabling flexible multi-responsive luminescence. This developed phosphor facilitates evolutionary color/pattern displays in both temporal and spatial dimensions using readily available tools, offering significant promise for dynamic anticounterfeiting displays and multimode sensing applications.
Stress-induced ordering evolution of 1D segmented heteronanostructures and their chemical post-transformations
Authors: Chen Qing-Xia , Lu Yu-Yang , Yang Yang , Chang Li-Ge , Li Yi , Yang Yuan , He Zhen , Liu Jian-Wei , Ni Yong , Yu Shu-Hong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInvestigations of one-dimensional segmented heteronanostructures (1D-SHs) have recently attracted much attention due to their potentials for applications resulting from their structure and synergistic effects between compositions and interfaces. Unfortunately, developing a simple, versatile and controlled synthetic method to fabricate 1D-SHs is still a challenge. Here we demonstrate a stress-induced axial ordering mechanism to describe the synthesis of 1D-SHs by a general under-stoichiometric reaction strategy. Using the continuum phase-field simulations, we elaborate a three-stage evolution process of the regular segment alternations. This strategy, accompanied by easy chemical post-transformations, enables to synthesize 25 1D-SHs, including 17 nanowire-nanowire and 8 nanowire-nanotube nanostructures with 13 elements (Ag, Te, Cu, Pt, Pb, Cd, Sb, Se, Bi, Rh, Ir, Ru, Zn) involved. This ordering evolution-driven synthesis will help to investigate the ordering reconstruction and potential applications of 1D-SHs.
Deep learning predictions of TCR-epitope interactions reveal epitope-specific chains in dual alpha T cells
Authors: Croce Giancarlo , Bobisse Sara , Moreno Dana Léa , Schmidt Julien , Guillame Philippe , Harari Alexandre , Gfeller David 
Published: April 2024

AbstractT cells have the ability to eliminate infected and cancer cells and play an essential role in cancer immunotherapy. T cell activation is elicited by the binding of the T cell receptor (TCR) to epitopes displayed on MHC molecules, and the TCR specificity is determined by the sequence of its α and β chains. Here, we collect and curate a dataset of 17,715 αβTCRs interacting with dozens of class I and class II epitopes. We use this curated data to develop MixTCRpred, an epitope-specific TCR-epitope interaction predictor. MixTCRpred accurately predicts TCRs recognizing several viral and cancer epitopes. MixTCRpred further provides a useful quality control tool for multiplexed single-cell TCR sequencing assays of epitope-specific T cells and pinpoints a substantial fraction of putative contaminants in public databases. Analysis of epitope-specific dual α T cells demonstrates that MixTCRpred can identify α chains mediating epitope recognition. Applying MixTCRpred to TCR repertoires from COVID-19 patients reveals enrichment of clonotypes predicted to bind an immunodominant SARS-CoV-2 epitope. Overall, MixTCRpred provides a robust tool to predict TCRs interacting with specific epitopes and interpret TCR-sequencing data from both bulk and epitope-specific T cells.
Embedding biocatalysts in a redox polymer enhances the performance of dye-sensitized photocathodes in bias-free photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Cheng Fangwen , Pavliuk Olha , Hardt Steffen , Hunt Leigh Anna , Cai Bin , Kubart Tomas , Hammarström Leif , Plumeré Nicolas , Berggren Gustav , Tian Haining 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDye-sensitized photoelectrodes consisting of photosensitizers and molecular catalysts with tunable structures and adjustable energy levels are attractive for low-cost and eco-friendly solar-assisted synthesis of energy rich products. Despite these advantages, dye-sensitized NiO photocathodes suffer from severe electron-hole recombination and facile molecule detachment, limiting photocurrent and stability in photoelectrochemical water-splitting devices. In this work, we develop an efficient and robust biohybrid dye-sensitized NiO photocathode, in which the intermolecular charge transfer is enhanced by a redox polymer. Owing to efficient assisted electron transfer from the dye to the catalyst, the biohybrid NiO photocathode showed a satisfactory photocurrent of 141±17 μA·cm−2 at neutral pH at 0 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode and a stable continuous output within 5 h. This photocathode is capable of driving overall water splitting in combination with a bismuth vanadate photoanode, showing distinguished solar-to-hydrogen efficiency among all reported water-splitting devices based on dye-sensitized photocathodes. These findings demonstrate the opportunity of building green biohybrid systems for artificial synthesis of solar fuels.
Motility-induced coexistence of a hot liquid and a cold gas
Authors: Hecht Lukas , Dong Iris , Liebchen Benno 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIf two phases exist at the same time, such as a gas and a liquid, they have the same temperature. This fundamental law of equilibrium physics is known to apply even to many non-equilibrium systems. However, recently, there has been much attention in the finding that inertial self-propelled particles like Janus colloids in a plasma or microflyers could self-organize into a hot gas-like phase that coexists with a colder liquid-like phase. Here, we show that a kinetic temperature difference across coexisting phases can occur even in equilibrium systems when adding generic (overdamped) self-propelled particles. In particular, we consider mixtures of overdamped active and inertial passive Brownian particles and show that when they phase separate into a dense and a dilute phase, both phases have different kinetic temperatures. Surprisingly, we find that the dense phase (liquid) cannot only be colder but also hotter than the dilute phase (gas). This effect hinges on correlated motions where active particles collectively push and heat up passive ones primarily within the dense phase. Our results answer the fundamental question if a non-equilibrium gas can be colder than a coexisting liquid and create a route to equip matter with self-organized domains of different kinetic temperatures.
Lipopolysaccharide binding protein resists hepatic oxidative stress by regulating lipid droplet homeostasis
Authors: Zhang Qilun , Shen Xuting , Yuan Xin , Huang Jing , Zhu Yaling , Zhu Tengteng , Zhang Tao , Wu Haibo , Wu Qian , Fan Yinguang , Ni Jing , Meng Leilei , He Anyuan , Shi Chaowei , Li Hao , Hu Qingsong , Wang Jian , Chang Cheng , Huang Fan , Li Fang , Chen Meng , Liu Anding , Ye Shandong , Zheng Mao , Fang Haoshu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOxidative stress-induced lipid accumulation is mediated by lipid droplets (LDs) homeostasis, which sequester vulnerable unsaturated triglycerides into LDs to prevent further peroxidation. Here we identify the upregulation of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and its trafficking through LDs as a mechanism for modulating LD homeostasis in response to oxidative stress. Our results suggest that LBP induces lipid accumulation by controlling lipid-redox homeostasis through its lipid-capture activity, sorting unsaturated triglycerides into LDs. N-acetyl-L-cysteine treatment reduces LBP-mediated triglycerides accumulation by phospholipid/triglycerides competition and Peroxiredoxin 4, a redox state sensor of LBP that regulates the shuttle of LBP from LDs. Furthermore, chronic stress upregulates LBP expression, leading to insulin resistance and obesity. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the role of LBP in regulating LD homeostasis and against cellular peroxidative injury. These insights could inform the development of redox-based therapies for alleviating oxidative stress-induced metabolic dysfunction.
Influenza antibody breadth and effector functions are immune correlates from acquisition of pandemic infection of children
Authors: Jia Janice Z. , Cohen Carolyn A. , Gu Haogao , McLean Milla R. , Varadarajan Raghavan , Bhandari Nisha , Peiris Malik , Leung Gabriel M. , Poon Leo L. M. , Tsang Tim , Chung Amy W. , Cowling Benjamin J. , Leung Nancy H. L. , Valkenburg Sophie A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCross-reactive antibodies with Fc receptor (FcR) effector functions may mitigate pandemic virus impact in the absence of neutralizing antibodies. In this exploratory study, we use serum from a randomized placebo-controlled trial of seasonal trivalent influenza vaccination in children (NCT00792051) conducted at the onset of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic (pH1N1) and monitored for infection. We found that seasonal vaccination increases pH1N1 specific antibodies and FcR effector functions. Furthermore, prospective baseline antibody profiles after seasonal vaccination, prior to pH1N1 infection, show that unvaccinated uninfected children have elevated ADCC effector function, FcγR3a and FcγR2a binding antibodies to multiple pH1N1 proteins, past seasonal and avian (H5, H7 and H9) strains. Whereas, children that became pH1N1 infected after seasonal vaccination have antibodies focussed to seasonal strains without FcR functions, and greater aggregated HA-specific profiles for IgM and IgG3. Modeling to predict infection susceptibility, ranked baseline hemagglutination antibody inhibition as the highest contributor to lack of pH1N1 infection, in combination with features that include pH1-IgG1, H1-stem responses and FcR binding to seasonal vaccine and pH1 proteins. Thus, seasonal vaccination can have benefits against pandemic influenza viruses, and some children already have broadly reactive antibodies with Fc potential without vaccination and may be considered ‘elite influenza controllers’.
Positive selection underlies repeated knockout of ORF8 in SARS-CoV-2 evolution
Authors: Wagner Cassia , Kistler Kathryn E. , Perchetti Garrett A. , Baker Noah , Frisbie Lauren A. , Torres Laura Marcela , Aragona Frank , Yun Cory , Figgins Marlin , Greninger Alexander L. , Cox Alex , Oltean Hanna N. , Roychoudhury Pavitra , Bedford Trevor 
Published: April 2024

AbstractKnockout of the ORF8 protein has repeatedly spread through the global viral population during SARS-CoV-2 evolution. Here we use both regional and global pathogen sequencing to explore the selection pressures underlying its loss. In Washington State, we identified transmission clusters with ORF8 knockout throughout SARS-CoV-2 evolution, not just on novel, high fitness viral backbones. Indeed, ORF8 is truncated more frequently and knockouts circulate for longer than for any other gene. Using a global phylogeny, we find evidence of positive selection to explain this phenomenon: nonsense mutations resulting in shortened protein products occur more frequently and are associated with faster clade growth rates than synonymous mutations in ORF8. Loss of ORF8 is also associated with reduced clinical severity, highlighting the diverse clinical impacts of SARS-CoV-2 evolution.
Double-walled Al-based MOF with large microporous specific surface area for trace benzene adsorption
Authors: Hu Laigang , Wu Wenhao , Hu Min , Jiang Ling , Lin Daohui , Wu Jian , Yang Kun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDouble-walled metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), synthesized using Zn and Co, are potential porous materials for trace benzene adsorption. Aluminum is with low-toxicity and abundance in nature, in comparison with Zn and Co. Therefore, a double-walled Al-based MOF, named as ZJU-520(Al), with large microporous specific surface area of 2235 m2 g–1, pore size distribution in the range of 9.26–12.99 Å and excellent chemical stability, was synthesized. ZJU-520(Al) is consisted by helical chain of AlO6 clusters and 4,6-Di(4-carboxyphenyl)pyrimidine ligands. Trace benzene adsorption of ZJU-520(Al) is up to 5.98 mmol g–1 at 298 K and P/P0 = 0.01. Adsorbed benzene molecules are trapped on two types of sites. One (site I) is near the AlO6 clusters, another (site II) is near the N atom of ligands, using Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations. ZJU-520(Al) can effectively separate trace benzene from mixed vapor flow of benzene and cyclohexane, due to the adsorption affinity of benzene higher than that of cyclohexane. Therefore, ZJU-520(Al) is a potential adsorbent for trace benzene adsorption and benzene/cyclohexane separation.
Dynamics of DNA damage-induced nuclear inclusions are regulated by SUMOylation of Btn2
Authors: Kumar Arun , Mathew Veena , Stirling Peter C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSpatial compartmentalization is a key facet of protein quality control that serves to store disassembled or non-native proteins until triage to the refolding or degradation machinery can occur in a regulated manner. Yeast cells sequester nuclear proteins at intranuclear quality control bodies (INQ) in response to various stresses, although the regulation of this process remains poorly understood. Here we reveal the SUMO modification of the small heat shock protein Btn2 under DNA damage and place Btn2 SUMOylation in a pathway promoting protein clearance from INQ structures. Along with other chaperones, and degradation machinery, Btn2-SUMO promotes INQ clearance from cells recovering from genotoxic stress. These data link small heat shock protein post-translational modification to the regulation of protein sequestration in the yeast nucleus.
Enhancing photocatalytic H2O2 production with Au co-catalysts through electronic structure modification
Authors: Zhang Xidong , Gao Duoduo , Zhu Bicheng , Cheng Bei , Yu Jiaguo , Yu Huogen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGold-based co-catalysts are a promising class of materials with potential applications in photocatalytic H2O2 production. However, current approaches with Au co-catalysts show limited H2O2 production due to intrinsically weak O2 adsorption at the Au site. We report an approach to strengthen O2 adsorption at Au sites, and to improve H2O2 production, through the formation of electron-deficient Auδ+ sites by modifying the electronic structure. In this case, we report the synthesis of TiO2/MoSx-Au, following selective deposition of Au onto a MoSx surface which is then further anchored onto TiO2. We further show that the catalyst achieves a significantly increased H2O2 production rate of 30.44 mmol g−1 h−1 in O2-saturated solution containing ethanol. Density functional theory calculations and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis reveal that the MoSx mediator induces the formation of electron-deficient Auδ+ sites thereby decreasing the antibonding-orbital occupancy of Au-Oads and subsequently enhancing O2 adsorption. This strategy may be useful for rationally designing the electronic structure of catalyst surfaces to facilitate artificial photosynthesis.
GUCY2C signaling limits dopaminergic neuron vulnerability to toxic insults
Authors: Cheslow Lara , Byrne Matthew , Kopenhaver Jessica S. , Iacovitti Lorraine , Smeyne Richard J. , Snook Adam E. , Waldman Scott A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation within the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) are central drivers of dopaminergic (DA) neuron death in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Guanylyl cyclases and their second messenger cyclic (c)GMP support mitochondrial function, protecting against ROS and promoting cell survival in several tissues. However, the role of the guanylyl cyclase-cGMP axis in defining the vulnerability of DA neurons in the SNpc in PD remains unclear, in part due to the challenge of manipulating cGMP levels selectively in midbrain DA neurons. In that context, guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C), a receptor primarily expressed by intestinal epithelial cells, was discovered recently in midbrain DA neurons. Here, we demonstrate that GUCY2C promotes mitochondrial function, reducing oxidative stress and protecting DA neurons from degeneration in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl- 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model. GUCY2C is overexpressed in the SNpc in PD patients and in mice treated with MPTP, possibly reflecting a protective response to oxidative stress. Moreover, cGMP signaling protects against oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairment, and cell death in cultured DA neurons. These observations reveal a previously unexpected role for the GUCY2C-cGMP signaling axis in controlling mitochondrial dysfunction and toxicity in SNpc DA neurons, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting DA neuron GUCY2C to prevent neurodegeneration in PD.
Racial disparities with PRN medication usage in inpatient psychiatric treatment
Authors: Kassam Areef S. , Karalis Peter , Aydinian Taline , Panjwani Anita , Martinez Gabriel , Whiteman Aaron , Daas Magdoline , Cunningham E. Ann 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRacial disparities in psychiatric diagnoses and treatment have significant public health implications, contributing to inequities in healthcare outcomes. We specifically examined racial disparities regarding pro re nata (PRN), or as needed, medications. Data from 14,616 encounters across 2019–2020 within Community Health Network’s inpatient psychiatric setting in Indianapolis, Indiana were included in this study. Due to the demographic sample size, analyses were narrowed to Black and White patients. Primary outcomes included comparisons across race for all PRN administrations and PRN administrations of antipsychotics vs. non-antipsychotics. Logistic regression was used to examine associations between race and PRN administrations by medication category, including all antipsychotics vs. non-antipsychotics overall, hydroxyzine, and lorazepam, independently. Significant differences in the percentage of administrations between Black and White patients were observed. Black patients received more PRN medications overall (71.0%) compared to White patients (67.7%) (p < 0.01). Further, while 17.7% of Black patients were administered PRN antipsychotics, this was true for only 8.2% of White patients (p < 0.001). When comparing antipsychotic PRNs with non-antipsychotic, hydroxyzine, and lorazepam PRNs, independently, Black patients were 58% (OR 1.58, p < 0.001), 109% (OR 2.09, p < 0.001), and 32% (OR 1.32, p < 0.001), more likely to receive antipsychotic PRNs, respectively, than White patients, controlling for sex, age, length of stay, and psychotic disorder diagnosis. Our study identifies yet another area of medical care with significant racial disparities. In this analysis of PRN medications during psychiatric admission, we identified significant differences in medication utilization by race. This information provides a basis for further investigation of disparities in patient-centered data.
Monitoring Indian “Superfood” Moringa oleifera Lam. – species-specific PCR-fingerprint-based authentication for more consumer safety
Authors: Wetters Sascha , Sahi Vaidurya , Brosche Lena , Häser Annette , Nick Peter 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMoringa oleifera Lam. has become one of the major new superfoods commonly available in the aisles of bio-shops and health-food sections in supermarkets of North America and Europe. While most of these products appear under the generic and scientifically inconclusive term “Moringa”, the European Union, so far, has allowed commercialisation for the use in food and feed for M. oleifera only. M. oleifera is indigenous to India and South Asia, but large-scale cultivation of this species has spread to the tropical regions on all continents, with a strong focus on Africa, leading to a high risk of admixture with species like M. stenopetala (Baker f.) Cufod. that is native to Africa. In the present study, we have characterised six species of Moringa in order to develop a simple and robust authentication method for commercial products. While the plants can be discriminated based on the pinnation of the leaves, this does not work for processed samples. As alternative, we use the plastidic markers psbA-trnH igs and ycf1b to discern different species of Moringa and develop a diagnostic duplex-PCR that clearly differentiates M. oleifera from other Moringa species. This DNA-based diagnostic assay that does not rely on sequencing was validated with commercial products of “Moringa” (including teas, powders, or capsules). Our method provides a robust assay to detect adulterations, which are economically profitable for costly superfood products such as “Moringa”.
A global dataset of carbon pumping by the world’s largest tropical rivers
Authors: Salerno Luca , Giulio Tonolo Fabio , Camporeale Carlo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe eco-morphodynamic activity of large tropical rivers interacts with riparian vegetation causing implications for the carbon cycle within inland waters. Through a multi-temporal analysis of satellite data spanning the years 2000–2019, we analyzed rivers exceeding 200 m in width across the tropical regions, revealing a Carbon Pump mechanism driving an annual mobilization of 12.45 million tons of organic carbon. The study identifies fluvial eco-morphological signatures as proxies for carbon mobilization, emphasizing the link between river migration and carbon dynamics. To enhance accessibility, our results are encapsulated in a visually compelling WebGIS application, offering a comprehensive understanding of the eco-geomorphological influences on the global carbon cycle within large tropical rivers. Our findings are instrumental in determining the carbon intensity of future hydropower dams, thereby contributing to informed decision-making in the realm of sustainable energy infrastructure. This study elucidates the intricate relationships that govern the nexus of tropical river dynamics, riparian ecosystems, and the global carbon cycle.