bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased risk of high‐grade dermatologic toxicities with radiation plus epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor therapy
Authors: Tejwani Ajay , Wu Shenhong , Jia Yuxia , Agulnik Mark , Millender Laura , Lacouture Mario E. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The addition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors to radiotherapy has produced increased locoregional control and has reduced mortality from various solid tumors with few additional toxicities. Although anecdotal reports have suggested increased radiation dermatitis, the overall effect of these regimens on dermatologic toxicities has not been ascertained.METHODS:Dermatologic toxicity data were analyzed from abstracts presented at the annual meetings of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, the American Society of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Cochrane Collaboration, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases. Phase 1, 2, and 3 trials that reported on radiation dermatitis, rash, and mucositis were included. Collaborative group, phase 3, randomized radiotherapy and chemoradiation trials served as controls. The summary incidence rate and relative risk were calculated using a random‐effects or fixed‐effects model, depending on the heterogeneity of included studies.RESULTS:The summary incidence of high‐grade radiation dermatitis in patients who received radiation plus EGFR inhibitors was 31.3% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 17.7%‐49.1%), rash in 16.1% (95% CI, 12.8%‐20.1%), and mucositis occurred in 52.7% (95% CI, 38.1%‐66.9%). When the combination of radiotherapy plus EGFR inhibitors was compared with radiation alone, the risk ratio for radiation dermatitis was 2.38 (95% CI, 1.8‐3.2; P < .001), rash was 3.01 (95% CI, 2.0‐4.6; P < .001), for mucositis it was 1.76 (95% CI, 1.5‐2.0; P < .001), suggesting that there was an increased risk of dermatologic toxicities with the combined regimen.CONCLUSIONS:EGFR inhibitors combined with radiation were associated with a significant increase in the risk for high‐grade radiation dermatitis, rash, and mucositis. Although increased rash is expected with EGFR inhibitors, in‐field dermatitis and mucositis represent new safety concerns. Improved reporting and management strategies are critical for quality of life and the optimization of radiation plus EGFR inhibitor protocols. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Initiation of epoetin‐α therapy at a starting dose of 120,000 units once every 3 weeks in patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy
Authors: Glaspy John A. , Charu Veena , Luo Donghan , Moyo Victor , Kamin Marc , Wilhelm Francois E. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Epoetin‐α initiated once weekly, followed by once‐every‐3‐weeks maintenance, was effective and well tolerated for chemotherapy‐induced anemia. This study evaluated a starting dose of epoetin‐α 120,000U once every 3 weeks for chemotherapy‐induced anemia using early and late initiation regimens.METHODS:Patients with baseline hemoglobin 11.0‐12.0 g/dL were randomly assigned to early intervention with immediate epoetin‐α (n = 68) or to standard intervention with epoetin‐α when hemoglobin decreased to <11 g/dL (n = 68). A third group of patients with baseline hemoglobin <11 g/dL (n = 50) were enrolled but not randomized; epoetin‐α was initiated immediately. The primary endpoint was mean proportion of hemoglobin values within the target range (11.0‐13.0 g/dL) among randomized patients.RESULTS:The mean proportion of hemoglobin values in range through week 16 was 60% in each randomized group. Mean hemoglobin by week showed similar increases over the study. Blood transfusions were administered in 9%, 8%, and 24% of patients in the early, standard, and nonrandomized groups. Mean epoetin‐α doses were similar between treatment groups. Dose reductions and withholds were more common in the early intervention group. Adverse events (eg, diarrhea, fatigue, nausea) were consistent with the safety profile for epoetin‐α . Clinically relevant thrombotic vascular events (regardless of relationship to study treatment) were reported for 9%, 12%, and 12% of patients in the early, standard, and nonrandomized groups.CONCLUSIONS:Early and standard intervention with epoetin‐α, administered once every 3 weeks, increased and maintained hemoglobin levels within 11.0‐13.0 g/dL in patients with chemotherapy‐induced anemia. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Proliferation predicts failure‐free survival in mantle cell lymphoma patients treated with rituximab plus hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone alternating with rituximab plus high‐dose methotrexate and cytarabine
Authors: Garcia Mar , Romaguera Jorge E. , Inamdar Kedar V. , Rassidakis George Z. , Medeiros L. Jeffrey 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:It has been demonstrated that the tumor proliferation index has prognostic significance in patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Patients in most of studies, however, have been treated with relatively traditional chemotherapy regimens. At the authors' institution, patients with MCL received an aggressive chemotherapy regimen: rituximab plus hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone alternating with rituximab plus high‐dose methotrexate and cytarabine (R‐hyper‐CVAD).METHODS:The authors assessed the proliferation rate of MCL using immunohistochemistry and an antibody specific for Ki‐67 in 71 untreated patients who subsequently received R‐hyper‐CVAD. The study group included 59 patients who had classic MCL and 12 patients who had the blastoid variant of MCL.RESULTS:For the entire study group and for the group of patients with classic MCL, a proliferation index of >20% Ki‐67‐positive cells was correlated significantly with shorter failure‐free survival. There was no correlation between the proliferation index and overall survival.CONCLUSIONS:The current results indicated that the proliferation index in patients with MCL predicted prognosis in those who uniformly received the R‐hyper‐CVAD chemotherapy regimen. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Lobule type and subsequent breast cancer risk: Results from the Nurses' Health Studies
Authors: Baer Heather J. , Collins Laura C. , Connolly James L. , Colditz Graham A. , Schnitt Stuart J. , Tamimi Rulla M. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Lobules in normal breast tissue can be classified based on their degree of development, which may affect their susceptibility to carcinogenesis. However, few epidemiologic studies to date have addressed this.METHODS:The authors examined the association between lobule type and subsequent breast cancer risk in a nested case‐control study of benign breast disease (BBD) and breast cancer within the Nurses' Health Studies (200 cases, 915 controls). Benign breast biopsy slides were reviewed by pathologists, and normal terminal duct lobular units were classified as having no type 1 lobules, mixed lobule types, or predominant type 1 and no type 3 lobules. Logistic regression was used to compute odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between lobule type and breast cancer risk.RESULTS:Women with predominant type 1 and no type 3 lobules (54 cases, 321 controls) had a decreased risk of breast cancer compared with those with no type 1 lobules or mixed lobule types (OR=0.63; 95% CI, 0.44‐0.91), although this was attenuated after adjustment for histologic category of BBD (OR=0.71; 95% CI, 0.49‐1.02). Having predominant type 1 lobules and no type 3 lobules was associated with a similar risk reduction for all categories of BBD (nonproliferative: OR=0.73 [95% CI, 0.36‐1.50]; proliferative without atypia: OR=0.80 [95% CI, 0.47‐1.35]; and atypical hyperplasia: OR=0.61 [95% CI, 0.28‐1.35]).CONCLUSIONS:These results provided preliminary evidence that lobule type may be an important marker of breast cancer risk in women with BBD. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Sensitivity of unsteady collapsible channel flows to modelling assumptions
Authors: Liu H. F. , Luo X. Y. , Cai Z. X. , Pedley T. J. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWe investigate the influences of modelling assumptions on the dynamic behaviour of collapsible channel flows. The elastic wall is modelled in various different ways: as a large strain Bernoulli–Euler beam, as a small strain Timoshenko beam, and as a 2D‐solid model derived from a general virtual work approach, using small strain or large strain assumptions. Different inlet boundary conditions are also considered. The in‐house finite element codes and the commercial finite element package ADINA 8.4 are used. The steady results agree very well when using the different models/approaches. The unsteady results, on the other hand, can be quite different. The dynamic behaviour of the system is analysed for a set of chosen parameters, using the full numerical solvers, the linear stability analysis, and the Fourier transform. It is found that the system stability is highly sensitive to the solid modelling assumptions used, numerical solvers adopted, or the boundary conditions imposed. Accuracy of the numerical schemes also has an impact on the system's unsteady behaviour. However, despite the high sensitivity of the unsteady solutions to the modelling assumptions, a cascade stability structure previously revealed by the authors seems to exist when different numerical approaches are used. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of Energy Stabilization inside the Hydrophobic Core of Rubredoxin
Authors: Berka Karel , Hobza Pavel , Vondrášek Jiří 
Published: January 2009

AbstractDispersion interactions are mainly responsible for holding together the structural arrangement of amino‐acid residues forming the hydrophobic core of the protein rubredoxin (see picture), according to symmetry‐adapted perturbation theory calculations.magnified imageThe hydrophobic core of globular proteins is responsible for major stabilization of the protein tertiary structure. The prevailing amino‐acid residues in the core are of aliphatic or aromatic character, and therefore, the core in a folded protein structure is mostly stabilized by noncovalent interactions of van der Waals origin between the amino‐acid side chains. Herein, we present a theoretical analysis of the interaction energy between the amino acids of the hydrophobic core of the small globular protein rubredoxin (Rd) based on the symmetry‐adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) method. The results show uniform proportions between the second‐order dispersion and first‐order electrostatic energy terms in favor of dispersion interaction, which plays a major role in the stabilization of this important structural element. To demonstrate the contrast between systems stabilized by different mechanisms, we perform a SAPT analysis of the typical hydrogen bonds involved in the formation of protein secondary structure elements in Rd, where dispersion still plays a non‐negligible role but electrostatic energy is the major stabilizing factor.
Applying the Inductive Effect for Synthesizing Low‐Melting and Low‐Viscosity Imidazolium‐Based Ionic Liquids
Authors: Ludwig Ralf , Paschek Dietmar 
Published: January 2009

AbstractFluidizing ionic liquids: By applying the inductive effect, a synthesis strategy to introduce strong, directional and localized H‐bonds into imidazolium‐based ionic liquids is proposed. In opposite to H‐bonded molecular liquids these strong H‐bonds could reduce the melting points and decrease the viscosities of the ILs (see figure).magnified image
Value of P63 and CK5/6 in distinguishing squamous cell carcinoma from adenocarcinoma in lung fine‐needle aspiration specimens
Authors: Khayyata Said , Yun Shine , Pasha Theresa , Jian Bo , McGrath Cindy , Yu Gordon , Gupta Prabodh , Baloch Zubair 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe current FDA‐approved standard of care for nonsmall cell lung cancer is Carboplastin/Taxol/Avastin based upon an impressive survival benefit; however, patients with squamous carcinoma (SQCC) cannot receive Avastin because of a 30% mortality rate due to fatal hemoptysis.In this study we evaluated the role of cytomorphology and immunohistochemistry in differentiating SQCC from adenocarcinoma (ADC) in lung FNA specimens.The case cohort included 53 FNA cases of nonsmall cell lung carcinoma with surgical pathology follow‐up. All FNA specimens were reviewed independently by a panel of cytopathologists to differentiate between SQCC and ADC. The cell block material was available in 23 cases (11 ADC and 12 SQCC) to perform immunohistochemical stains for TTF‐1, CK7, CK20, P63, and CK5/6.On surgical resection, 35/53 (66%) cases were diagnosed as ADC and 18/53 (34%) as SQCC. The number of cases classified correctly on the basis of cytomorphology was 66% for ADC and 53% for SQCC (combined accuracy 60%). By immunohistochemical staining, 14/23 (61%) cases expressed TTF‐1. Nine cases were TTF‐1 negative; eight of the TTF‐1 negative cases (89%) were SQCC.Twenty‐three cases expressed CK7 (87%); one ADC case (4%) showed focal CK20 positivity. Both P63 and CK5/6 expression was seen in 9/12 (75%) SQCC cases; none of the ADC cases showed this dual expression.Cytomorphology alone may not be able to stratify all cases of nonsmall cell lung carcinoma into ADC and SQCC in FNA specimens. The immune‐panel of TTF‐1, CK7, CK20, P63, and CK5/6 is useful in differentiating SQCC from ADC. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Koilocytosis: Correlations with high‐risk HPV and its comparison on tissue sections and cytology, urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Aggarwal Seema , Arora Vinod K. , Gupta Sanjay , Singh Navjeevan , Bhatia Arati 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe aim of this study were (1) To correlate koilocytosis with high risk HPV(HrHPV) DNA in urinary bladder carcinoma and (2) To compare detection of koilocytosis on tissue sections and urine cytology. Biopsy and cytologic specimens from 33 patients of urinary bladder carcinoma were analyzed. HPV DNA was detected by PCR on biopsy specimens using consensus primers MY09 and MY11. Koilocytosis was assessed both on tissue sections and urine cytology. HrHPV DNA was found in 14 of 33 bladder carcinoma. Koilocytosis was seen in tissue sections from 13 patients. Eleven of these were HrHPV DNA positive (positive predictive value 84.6%). Koilocytosis was seen in urine cytology in three patients. All three were positive for HrHPV DNA. To conclude koilocytosis is a good morphological marker for HrHPV DNA in the urothelium. Tissue sections are better than cytologic smears for detection of koilocytes. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Primary small cell carcinoma of the lung initially presenting as a breast mass: A fine‐needle aspiration diagnosis
Authors: Liu Wei , Palma‐Diaz Fernando , Alasio Teresa M. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe incidence of metastases to the breast from extramammary sites is relatively low compared with the incidence of primary breast carcinoma. Primary sites which have a predilection for metastases to the breast include, in the order of decreasing frequency, malignant melanoma, lymphoma, lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, and soft tissue sarcoma, followed by gastrointestinal and genitourinary primaries. Most lung primaries metastasizing to breast represent adenocarcinoma. Other types of lung carcinoma, including small cell carcinoma, are relatively rare. We report a case of lung small cell carcinoma metastasizing to the breast and initially presenting with a breast mass in a 50‐year‐old female. The tumor was first diagnosed on a fine‐needle aspiration biopsy specimen (FNAB) from the breast lesion and subsequently supported by core biopsy. A discussion of the differential diagnoses to consider on FNAB follows. Because of the difference in treatment for primary small cell carcinoma of breast versus primary small cell carcinoma of the lung, as well as the difference in prognosis for both malignancies, determining the site of primary malignancy is crucial to adequate patient care. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
gfap and nestin reporter lines reveal characteristics of neural progenitors in the adult zebrafish brain
Authors: Lam Chen Sok , März Martin , Strähle Uwe 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAdult neurogenesis arises from niches that harbor neural stem cells (NSC). Although holding great promise for regenerative medicine, the identity of NSC remains elusive. In mammals, a key attribute of NSC is the expression of the filamentous proteins glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and NESTIN. To assess whether these two markers are relevant in the fish model, two transgenic zebrafish lines for gfap and nestin were generated. Analysis of adult brains showed that the fusion GFAP–green fluorescent protein closely mimics endogenous GFAP, while the nestin transgene recapitulates nestin at the ventricular zones. Cells expressing the two reporters display radial glial morphology, colocalize with the NSC marker Sox2, undergo proliferation, and are capable of self‐renewal within the matrix of distinct thickness in the telencephalon. Together, these two transgenic lines reveal a conserved feature of putative NSC in the adult zebrafish brain and provide a means for the identification and manipulation of these cells in vivo. Developmental Dynamics 238:475–486, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Governing forests of the European Union: institutional framework for interest representation at the European Community level
Authors: Lazdinis Marius , Angelstam Per , Lazdinis Imantas 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWe analyse whether the European Community provides for articulating a common set of priorities for society and supports openness and participation in the area of forest policy at the Community level. In doing so, we review the institutional framework and, using the results of the internet‐based stakeholder consultation, assess the presence of interested parties at the level of the European Community. In addition, from the same consultation we learn about the opinions of the interest groups concerning possible areas for enhancing coherence in forest governance in the European Union.The results of the study demonstrate that there is a range of possibilities for participation of different interest groups and flow of information between the European Commission and the stakeholders. However, the number of interest groups prepared to actively participate in Community‐level forest and forestry‐related policy‐ and decision‐making is relatively low.We conclude that the present institutional arrangements should be sufficient for open and participatory priority setting in forest governance at the European Community level. However, based on the ‘stakeholder consultation’ we also conclude that co‐ordination and co‐operation, and hence coherence, in forest and forestry‐related policy‐ and decision‐making at the Community level should be improved. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Low cost, portable detection of gold nanoparticle‐labeled microfluidic immunoassay with camera cell phone
Authors: Lu Yao , Shi Weiwei , Qin Jianhua , Lin Bingcheng 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis paper describes the use of camera cell phone to detect the gold nanoparticle‐labeled immunoassay results on microfluidic chip. On‐chip heterogeneous immunoassay between anti‐human IgG and human IgG (hIgG) was performed and the results were amplified by gold nanoparticle‐enhanced silver staining to transform the nano‐scale probe into detectable silver precipitation film. The detection results obtained by camera phone showed good correlation with the concentration of hIgG. This detection scheme is simple, low cost and easy to use and has significant promise for portable diagnosis and point of care testing on microfluidic platform.
Digital mapping of riverine waterway hydrodynamic and geomorphic features
Authors: Hauet A. , Muste M. , Ho H‐C. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis paper proposes an innovative, non‐intrusive method for mapping waterway characteristics in riverine areas. The technique uses photogrammetry to provide quantitative information about the dry area in the vicinity of the waterways (banks and floodplain) and image processing algorithms to characterize the flow. Riverside images of a riverine area are decomposed into quasi‐planar areas and ortho‐rectified and re‐assembled to obtain a panoramic ortho‐view of the area of interest. Morphological features of interest (such as river bank positions, flood plain edges, mud deposits, vegetation and erosion patterns) are then identified on the ortho‐view and mapped digitally. Image sequences of the river flow are recorded, allowing a surface velocity analysis to be obtained through Large Scale Particle Image Velocimetry (LSPIV). Finally, the mapped elements and the surface velocities are displayed together in a GIS‐like visualization. Through the presentation of a case study of a flood event at a culvert site, this paper demonstrates the capability of the technique to monitor characteristics of waterways over time. The method is inexpen‐sive (a conventional video or digital camera can be used), fast and requires minimum preparation. It can be applied in such important river‐related research areas as morphodynamic and sediment transport studies. It also fosters an improved understand‐ing of the coupling between the river and its banks, which is essential for river restoration and eco‐habitat studies. The present methodology is readily available for implementation in routine bridge inspections, fitted with an easy‐to‐use graphical interface. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Joint network‐channel coding for the multiple‐access relay channel based on turbo codes
Authors: Hausl Christoph 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWe consider the time‐division multiple‐access relay channel (MARC) with block‐fading channels and Gaussian noise, where two sources communicate with one destination with the help of one relay. Such a system can be used for the cooperative uplink of two mobile stations to a base station with the help of a relay. We propose a joint network‐channel code design based on turbo codes for the MARC. We compare the proposed system with a distributed turbo code for the time‐division relay channel and with a system which uses separate network‐channel coding for the MARC. Our results show that the proposed code can gain diversity compared to the system for the time‐division relay channel and allows to more efficiently exploit the redundancy in the transmission of the relay than separate network‐channel coding. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new information share measure
Authors: Lien Donald , Shrestha Keshab 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn this study, we modify the information share (IS) originally proposed by Hasbrouck, J. (1995). The proposed modified information share (MIS) leads to a unique measure of price discovery instead of the upper and lower IS bounds. Performance of MIS is compared with the Hasbrouck IS measure and the Gonzalo–Granger permanent–transitory decomposition (PT/GG)‐based measure using simulations with 1,000 replications applied to the same three examples considered by Hasbrouck, J. (2002). The MIS is found to outperform both Hasbrouck IS measure and PT/GG measure. The empirical application of the MIS to three major stock indices indicates that price discovery takes place mostly in the futures market. Hence, the evidence supports the transaction cost hypothesis as well as the model proposed by Garbade, K. D., and Silber, W. L. (1983). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 29:377–395, 2009