bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermoanalytical Study of Dioxygencobalt(III) Complexes with N,N′-Ethylenebis(salicylideneaminate) and Its Derivatives
Authors: Miyokawa Kikuo , Kinoshita Setsuko , Etoh Takumi , Wakita Hisanobu 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The oxygen-dissociation reactions of [Co(3-X-salen)]2O2, where 3-X-salen is N,N′-ethylenebis(3-substituted salicylideneaminate) dianion, X = H (1), OCH3 (2), OC2H5 (3), NO2 (4), have been studied by means of a thermoanalytical technique. The heat of the reaction, determined by DTA, ranges from 88 (4) to 120 (2) kJ mol−1; the electron-releasing substituents tend to stabilize the Co–O2 bonding. The O2-dissociation process is best described by the first-order equation and the activation enthalpies range from 117 (4) to 145 (2) kJ mol−1 and the electron-releasing substituents increase the activation enthalpy. A kinetic compensation effect was observed, except for 3, which is the most stable of these complexes due to its small activation entropic value.
Synthesis of 3-Deoxy-5-O-mycaminosyltylonolide and 3-Deoxy-5-O-(4-deoxymycaminosyl)tylonolide
Authors: Kageyama Shunji , Tsuchiya Tsutomu , Umezawa Sumio , Orita Masaya 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The title compounds, which proved highly antibacterial, have been prepared by selective hydrogenation of the corresponding 2,3-unsaturated compounds with LiAlH4, diisobutylaluminium hydride, or NaBH4–NiCl2 as the key steps. Further, the latter title compound was prepared effectively through the reaction of 3-O-benzylsulfonyl-5-O-(4-deoxy-4-iodomycaminosyl)-23-O-(dimethylthexylsilyl)tylonolide 9,20-bis(ethylene acetal) with Raney Ni–K2CO3 involing three steps in it.
Preparation and Properties of Immobilized Glucoamylase on a Magnetically Anisotropic Carrier Comprising a Ferromagnetic Powder Coated by Albumin
Authors: Sakai Yasuzo , Osada Katsumi , Takahashi Fujio , Takada Susumu 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Glucoamylase was immobilized by glutaraldehyde combined with albumin coated on the surface of a powder of SrFe2O4 as the carrier. This carrier obtained a magnetically anisotropic property under exposure to a static magnetic field. The carrier was able to oscillate and rotate in an alternating magnetic field. The rate of hydrolysis of starch to glucose increased in the alternating magnetic field. This is because the transport of molecules may be facilitated through the interface of the carrier surface and solution by oscillation.
Role of the Structure and Electronic Properties of Fe2O3-MoO3 Catalyst on the Dehydration of Isopropyl Alcohol
Authors: Said Abdel-Aziz Ahmed 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Molybdenum oxide catalysts doped or mixed with (1–50) mol% Fe3+ ions were prepared. The structure of the original samples and calcined at 400 °C were characterized using DTA, X-ray diffraction, and IR spectra. The measurements of the electrical conductivity of calcined samples with and without isopropyl alcohol revealed that the conductance increases on increasing the content of Fe3+ ions up to 50 mol%. The activation energies of charge carriers were determined in presence and absence of alcohol. The catalytic dehydration of isopropyl alcohol was carried out at 250 °C using flow system. The results obtained showed that the doped or mixed catalysts are active and selective towards propene formation. However, the catalyst containing 40 mol% Fe3+ ions exhibited the highest activity and selectivity. Correlations were attempted between the catalyst composition and their electronic and catalytic properties. Probable mechanism for the dehydration process is proposed in terms of surface active sites.
Real Time Optical Observation of Nascent Hexafluorobutadiene in the IR Multiphoton Dissociation of Decafluorocyclohexene
Authors: Chowdhury Pradyot Kumar 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Real time observation of retro-Diels–Alder dissociation of decafluorocyclohexene into tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluorobutadiene induced by transversely excited atmospheric pulsed CO2 laser is reported. The formation rate and the red-shifted absorption spectra of nascent hexafluorobutadiene suggest substantial internal energy incorporation, which appears to be sufficient for its undergoing electrocyclic transformation to hexafluorocyclobutene at a rate corresponding to the decay kinetics. When the above IR multiphoton dissociation of decafluorocyclohexene occurs in presence of oxygen, UV light emission due to COF2* is observed.
Adsorption-Induced Electrical Conductivity of Some Ferrocene Derivatives: Rates of Adsorption and Desorption of Vapors
Authors: Bhattacharjee Ashis , Mallik Biswanath 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The change in dark conductivity of some ferrocene derivatives on adsorption of some organic solvent has been studied in sandwich cell configurations at different cell temperatures. Appreciable enhancements in the dark conductivity are observed. Such enhancement depends on the amount of adsorbed vapor, cell temperature as well as the chemical nature of the adsorbate. The sensitivity towards a vapor is also found to vary depending on the nature of the substituent groups in the ferrocene ring. Both the adsorption and desorption rates follow the modified Roginsky–Zeldovich equation. The temperature dependence and the nature of the solid-vapor interaction have been deduced from the rate data analysis.
Crystal Structure and Molecular Conformation of 1-O-Acetyl-2,3,5-O-benzoyl-β-d-ribofuranose
Authors: Kingsford-Adaboh Robert , Kashino Setsuo 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The crystal structure of a derivative of β-d-ribofuranose has been determined by X-ray diffraction method in order to characterize the molecular conformation. The phase angle P and the degree of puckering τm of the sugar ring are −7.6 and 34.3° respectively. The ring shows C(3′)-endo-C(2′)-exo puckering () as found in sucrose and 1,2,3,5-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-ribofuranose. The furanoid carbons C(1′), C(2′), and C(3′) adopt the cis conformation with the carbonyl oxygens of their corresponding side chains. This conformation is favored by intramolecular C–H···O=C interactions. All carbonyl oxygens also participate in intermolecular C–H···O=C interactions in the crystal.
Diffusion Coefficient of Benzene around the Gas-Liquid Critical Temperature
Authors: Saitoh Takayuki , Nakamura Yoshio , Shimokawa Shigezo 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The diffusion coefficients of benzene in a pressurized vessel has been measured up to above the gas–liquid critical temperatures. The observed diffusion coefficients are compared with the calculated values from a simple hard-sphere approach.
Crystal and Molecular Structure of 1,5-Seco-grayanotoxin-1,3,6,14,16-pentaacetate
Authors: Sato Mamoru , Katsube Yukiteru , Terai Tadamasa , Katakawa Jun’ichi , Tetsumi Tadahiro 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The three dimensional structure of 1,5-seco-grayanotoxin-1,3,6,14,16-pentaacetate has been determined by X-ray diffraction at room temperature. The monoclinic structure was refined by the full matrix least-squares method to a final R = 0.037 for 2269 independent reflections. The molecule has a tricyclic structure that consists of ten-, six-, and five-membered rings. The absolute configuration at C1 atom was determined as S on the basis of internal comparison with the absolute structure of 1,5-seco-grayanotoxin-1(R),3,6,14,16-pentaacetate.
Copper(II) Complexing Capacity of River Waters in the Urban Area
Authors: Kawamoto Hiroshi , Ishida Wataru , Tsunoda Kin-ichi , Akaiwa Hideo 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Hourly variation of copper(II) complexing capacity (CuCC) of water samples from the Kiryu River in Gunma prefecture was investigated. From the stand point of complexing capacity, the present water samples could be classified into two types, that is, the daytime type and the nighttime one. Water sampled belonging to the former type contained some ligands derived from human activity, and naturally occurring ligands were mainly found in water samples belonging to the latter. The estimation of stability constant for copper(II) complex in water samples was also carried out on the basis of a single ligand model.
Complexation Property of a Novel Macrobicyclic Polyether with Two Amide Moieties toward Alkali Metal and Alkaline Earth Metal Cations
Authors: Nakatsuji Yohji , Inoue Toshinori , Masuyama Araki , Okahara Mitsuo 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
A new type of macrobicyclic compound, which was prepared by the reaction of 2,9-bis[(ethylamino)methyl]-15-crown-5 with sebacoyl dichloride, has shown a selective complexation property toward K+ and Ba2+ cations based on data obtained with potentiometric titration and solvent extraction. This finding was reasonably explained by considering the cooperative binding of the amide moieties and the crown ring. The coordination direction of the carbonyl oxygens was found to markedly affect its complexation property by comparing its complexing ability with those of lariat ethers having one or two amide side arms.
Synthesis and Reactions of Some Crowded Triorganylbismuthines
Authors: Matano Yoshihiro , Kinoshita Masamichi , Suzuki Hitomi 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Bismuth trichloride reacts smoothly with mesityl- and 2,4,6-triisopropylphenylmagnesium bromides in boiling tetrahydrofuran to form the corresponding triarylbismuthines in good yields, while a similar reaction with 2,4,6-triisopropylphenylmagnesium bromide halts at diarylation stage, giving chlorobis(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)bismuthine as the sole product. Several crowded alkyl-, alkenyl-, and alkyn-yldiarylbismuthines have been prepared from the above diarychlorobismuthine through the reaction with an appropriate organolithium reagent.
Nonfluorous, Highly CO2-soluble Chelating Ligands for scCO2 Metal Ion Extraction
Authors: Yang Hai-Jian 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
A series of new nonfluorous chelating ligands derived from glucose have been designed and synthesized. All compounds are highly soluble in liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide. Solubility trend of these chelating compounds would be rationalized by the inductive effect of substituent on the benzene ring and the easy accessibility of benzylic ether oxygen and neighboring hydrogens. Preliminary metal ion extraction efficiency test showed that all our compounds are selective for Sr2+ and Pb2+ extraction.
Lewis Base-catalyzed Alkynylation of Carbonyl Compounds with Trimethylsilylacetylenes
Authors: Kitazawa Takayuki , Minowa Tomofumi , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Alkynylation of carbonyl compounds with trimethylsilylacetylenes in the presence of a catalytic amount of Lewis bases such as acetate or phenoxide anion is described. The alkynylation proceeded under mild conditions and afforded the corresponding propargyl alcohols in good to excellent yields.
Highly Efficient Methanolysis of Bicyclic β-Lactams to β-Amino Ester Using Silica Chloride
Authors: Sathe Manisha , Ghorpade Ramarao , Kaushik Mahabir Parshad 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Silica chloride is used as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for the methanolysis of highly constrained cyclic β-lactam to afford β-amino ester under mild acidic conditions with quantitative yields.
Short Synthetic Route toward the Tricyclic Core of Schulzeines
Authors: Kuntiyong Punlop , Akkarasamiyo Sunisa , Eksinitkun Gedsirin 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The tricyclic core of marine natural products schulzeines was synthesized using N-acyliminium ion cyclization. The intermediate N-acyliminium ion was generated from treatment of α-hydroxy-δ-lactam with a Lewis acid. The tricyclic products were obtained as a mixture of 2 diastereomers at the C-11b stereocenter. The diastereomeric ratios were low and dependent on the Lewis acid used in the reaction.
Chemically Nonequivalent Sites in Mesoporous BCN Revealed by Solid-state NMR at 21.8 T
Authors: Murakami Miwa , Shimizu Tadashi , Tansho Masataka , Vinu Ajayan , Ariga Katsuhiko , Takegoshi Kiyonori 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Solid-state 11B magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR studies on novel mesoporous BCN material are described. While the 11B MAS spectrum at 11.7 T shows severe signal overlap as a result of the second-order quadrupolar broadening, the resolution improves significantly at 21.8 T and three distinct peaks are observed, indicating the presence of three sites in the material. Possible microstructures of the three sites are discussed in terms of their isotropic chemical shifts, quadrupolar coupling constants, and asymmetric parameters determined from spectral simulation.
Gel Nitridation Preparation and Luminescence Property of Eu-doped RE2O2CN2 (RE = La and Gd) Phosphors
Authors: Takeda Takashi , Hatta Naoya , Kikkawa Shinichi 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
RE 2O2CN2 (RE = La, Eu, and Gd) and Eu-doped RE2O2CN2 (RE = La and Gd) phosphors were prepared by nitridation of oxide precursors through rare earth citrate gel. This preparation method increased the doping limit to 20 atom % in La2O2CN2. The value was considerably wider than 7 atom % of solid-state synthesis through rare earth oxide. Eu-doped Gd2O2CN2 was firstly synthesized by this method. The shape of luminescence spectra and luminescence intensity were different between these oxycyanamides reflecting the difference in their crystal structure and crystallinity.
Fabrication of TiO2 and Cytochrome c Alternate Ultrathin Films via a Gas-phase Surface Sol–Gel Process
Authors: Yang Do-Hyeon , Takahara Naoki , Mizutani Naoki , Lee Seung-Woo , Kunitake Toyoki 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
A gas-phase surface sol–gel process was developed for facile preparation of ultrathin TiO2 gel/Cyt. c multilayered films. Positively charged Cyt. c protein was alternately assembled with TiO2 gel layer that was prepared by deposition of Ti(O–nBu)4 vapor and subsequent hydrolysis. The adsorbed Cyt. c molecule was covered with a 0.7-nm thick layer of TiO2 gel and the protein characteristics were preserved without denaturation in the multilayered film.
A Novel Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Based on Tungstoantimonate: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Properties of Na[{Cu(2,2′-bpy)(H2O)}2{Cu(2,2′-bpy)}2(B-α-SbW9O33)]·2H2O
Authors: Wang Jingping , Ma Pengtao , Li Jie , Niu Jingyang 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
A novel organic–inorganic hybrid tungstoantimonate Na[{Cu(2,2′-bpy)(H2O)}2{Cu(2,2′-bpy)}2(B-α-SbW9O33)]·2H2O (2,2′-bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) was synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, EPR, TG, and X-ray single-crystal diffraction, whose polyoxoanion consists of two [Cu(2,2′-bpy)]2+ and two [Cu(2,2′-bpy)(H2O)]2+ complex groups grafted on a trivacant polyoxoanion B-α-[SbW9O33]9− skeleton.
α-Tocopherol supplementation reduces the elevated 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine blood levels induced by training in basketball players
Authors: Tsakiris Stylianos , Parthimos Theodore , Tsakiris Theodore , Parthimos Nickolaos , Schulpis Kleopatra H. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractClin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:1004–8.
Laboratory medicine in the 2000s: programmed death or rebirth?
Authors: Guidi Gian Cesare , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChanges have occurred in the organization, complexity and role of medical laboratories in healthcare, requiring a great increase in global productivity and diagnostic efficiency by enrolled professionals to withstand new challenges. Such a radical evolution, which should be very attractive for new generations of professionals, is counterbalanced by an increasing shortage of laboratory vocations worldwide, particularly in community hospital and large reference laboratories, which may lead to a serious crisis in the field of laboratory medicine in the very near future. Some reasons can be highlighted, including the decreased interaction between clinicians and laboratory professionals, centralized testing, and the development of innovative, minimally invasive techniques that can easily be handled without direct control or supervision by laboratory staff. The prospect of a professional decline in laboratory medicine can be offset by increased awareness of the radical changes occurring within clinical laboratories and re-professionalization of laboratory scientists. This will require new resources to attract young professionals, and should include reaffirmation of the role of laboratory consultants and active participation in the development, implementation and monitoring of innovative diagnostic systems. The “patient” appears to be in a serious condition; it is in our hands to let him be reborn.Clin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:913–7.
Adjuvant Hormonal Therapy in Peri- and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer
Authors: Ryan Paula D. , Goss Paul E. 
Published: August 2006

Abstract

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Discuss the evidence from the recent large clinical trials supporting the use of aromatase inhibitors for the adjuvant treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer.Discuss the evidence related to the side effects and tolerability of aromatase inhibitors in the adjuvant treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer.Discuss the potential mechanisms of resistance to tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors in the treatment of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer and potential strategies to overcome them.
Access and take the CME test online and receive 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™ at CME.TheOncologist.com
Tamoxifen has been the mainstay of endocrine treatment for early-stage breast cancer in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women for many years. Since 2001, the results of several large, randomized, clinical trials have provided evidence that aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy, either upfront or in sequence after tamoxifen, improves disease-free survival and, in certain patients, overall survival for postmenopausal patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Thus far, with relatively short-term follow-up, AIs have been generally safe and well tolerated among the population of patients treated in these adjuvant trials. However, important side effects such as musculoskeletal and bone-related problems, including the risk for osteoporosis and fractures, remain of concern and warrant continued monitoring and follow-up. Several questions regarding the appropriate AI to use and the timing of AI therapy remain unresolved, and ongoing studies will help address these issues. Caution is warranted in the use of AIs in perimenopausal women, including those that develop chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea, and clinical evidence supports the role for AI use in postmenopausal women only. Areas of active investigation include the mechanisms of resistance to endocrine therapy with tamoxifen and AIs and clinical strategies to overcome this resistance.
Hairy Cell Leukemia: An Elusive but Treatable Disease
Authors: Wanko Sam O. , de Castro Carlos 
Published: August 2006

Abstract

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Describe what is known about the biology and pathogenesis of HCL.Discuss the clinical presentation and differential diagnosis of HCL.Identify important diagnostic markers for HCL.Discuss treatment options and response and adverse effects to therapy for HCL.
Access and take the CME test online and receive 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™ at CME.TheOncologist.com
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a unique chronic lymphoproliferative disorder that can mimic or coexist with other clonal hematologic disorders and has been associated with autoimmune disorders. It should be entertained as an alternative diagnosis in patients with cytopenias being assigned the diagnosis of aplastic anemia, hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome, atypical chronic lymphocytic leukemia, B-prolymphocytic leukemia, or idiopathic myelofibrosis. Causative etiology or molecular defects remain unclear, although nonspecific chromosomal and molecular changes have been described. The typical presentation is that of a middle-aged man with an incidental finding of pancytopenia, splenomegaly, and inaspirable bone marrow. Treatment with a purine analogue, cladribine or pentostatin, results in extremely high, durable, overall, and complete response rates, although resistance and relapses do occur. A variant subtype exists and is frequently associated with a poor response. Because of its simplified dosing schedule, cladribine is commonly used as the initial therapy. Treatment of relapsed HCL is dictated by the duration of the preceding remission. Relapsed disease after a prolonged remission can often be successfully retreated with the same initial agent. Resistance in typical HCL is treated with the alternate purine analogue. New agents, such as rituximab and BL22, are actively being evaluated and show promising results in both HCL subtypes. This article uses two patients diagnosed with aplastic anemia and recently seen in consultation at our institution as a springboard to discuss the biology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment options of HCL.
Systemic Therapy of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: How Hopeful Should We Be?
Authors: Zhu Andrew X. 
Published: August 2006

Abstract

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Describe the epidemiologic trend of HCC.Discuss the inherent difficulty and challenge of developing systemic therapy for HCC.Outline the history and current status of systemic therapy for HCC.Describe the rationale and current status of developing molecularly targeted agents for HCC.
Access and take the CME test online and receive 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™ at CME.TheOncologist.com
Worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer and the third most common cause of cancer-related death. In the U.S., 18,510 new cancers of the liver and intrahepatic bile duct are expected in 2006, with an estimated 16,200 deaths. The incidence rates for HCC in the U.S. continued to rise steadily through 1998 and doubled during the period 1975–1995. Unresectable or metastatic HCC carries a poor prognosis, and systemic therapy with cytotoxic agents provides marginal benefit. A majority of HCC patients (&gt;80%) presents with advanced or unresectable disease. Even for those with resected disease, the recurrence rate can be as high as 50% at 2 years. Because of the poor track record of systemic therapy in HCC, there has been a sense of nihilism for this disease in the oncology community for decades. However, with the arrival of newly developed molecularly targeted agents and the success of some of these agents in other traditionally challenging cancers, like renal cell carcinoma, there has recently been renewed interest in developing systemic therapy for HCC. This review attempts to concisely summarize the historical perspective and the current status of systemic therapy development in HCC.