bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the molecular switching process between spin crossover states of triazole complexes as basis for optical sensing applications
Authors: Günther Axel , Deja Yves , Kilic Maximilian , Tran Kevin , Kotra Pavan , Renz Franz , Kowalsky Wolfgang , Roth Bernhard 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWith the advent of the first laser sources and suitable detectors, optical sensor applications immediately also came into focus. During the last decades, a huge variety of optical sensor concepts were developed, yet the forecast for the future application potential appears even larger. In this context, the development of new sensor probes at different scales down to the atomic or molecular level open new avenues for research and development. We investigated an iron based triazole molecular spin-crossover complex changing its absorption characteristics significantly by varying environmental parameters such as humidity, temperature, magnetic or electric field, respectively, with respect to its suitability for a new class of versatile molecular sensor probes. Hereby, besides the investigation of synthesized pure bulk material using different analyzing methods, we also studied amorphous micro particles which were applied in or onto optical waveguide structures. We found that significant changes of the reflection spectra can also be obtained after combining the particles with different types of optical waveguides.The obtained results demonstrate the suitability of the material complex for a broad field of future sensor applications.
Numerical investigation of shipping noise in the Red Sea
Authors: Larayedh Rihab , Cornuelle Bruce D. , Krokos George , Hoteit Ibrahim 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUnderwater noise pollution is a significant environmental issue that can have detrimental effects on marine ecosystems. One of the main sources of underwater noise pollution is ship traffic, which has been shown to negatively impact marine animals by masking communication signals and altering their behaviors. This study represents the first comprehensive analysis of underwater ship noise in the Red Sea, wherein noise maps of ships sailing through the main shipping lane in the Red Sea were simulated by integrating both anthropogenic and environmental variables. These maps offer valuable insights for policymakers, enabling them to make informed decisions and implement targeted mitigation efforts.
Safety and efficacy of cardioneuroablation for vagal bradycardia in a single arm prospective study
Authors: Han Yafan , Shao Mingliang , Yang Hang , Sun Huaxin , Sang Wanyue , Wang Lu , Wang Liang , Yang Suxia , Jian Yi , Tang Baopeng , Li Yaodong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCardioneuroablation (CNA) is currently considered as a promising treatment option for patients with symptomatic bradycardia caused by vagotonia. This study aims to further investigate its safety and efficacy in patients suffering from vagal bradycardia. A total of 60 patients with vagal bradycardia who underwent CNA in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from November 2019 to June 2022. Preoperative atropine tests revealed abnormal vagal tone elevation in all patients. First, the electroanatomic structures of the left atrium was mapped out by using the Carto 3 system, according to the protocol of purely anatomy-guided and local fractionated intracardiac electrogram-guided CNA methods. The upper limit of ablation power of superior left ganglion (SLGP) and right anterior ganglion (RAGP) was not more than 45W with an ablation index of 450.Postoperative transesophageal cardiac electrophysiological examination was performed 1 to 3 months after surgery. The atropine test was conducted when appropriate. Twelve-lead electrocardiogram, Holter electrocardiogram, and skin sympathetic nerve activity were reviewed at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after operation. Adverse events such as pacemaker implantation and other complications were also recorded to analyze the safety and efficacy of CNA in the treatment of vagus bradycardia. Sixty patients were enrolled in the study (38 males, mean age 36.67 ± 9.44, ranging from 18 to 50 years old). None of the patients had a vascular injury, thromboembolism, pericardial effusion, or other surgical complications. The mean heart rate, minimum heart rate, low frequency, low/high frequency, acceleration capacity of rate, and skin sympathetic nerve activity increased significantly after CNA. Conversely, SDNN, PNN50, rMSSD, high frequency, and deceleration capacity of rate values decreased after CNA (all P < 0.05). At 3 months after ablation, the average heart rate, maximum heart rate, and acceleration capacity of heart rate remained higher than those before ablation, and the deceleration capacity of heart rate remained lower than those before ablation and the above results continued to follow up for 12 months after ablation (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in other indicators compared with those before ablation (all P > 0.05). The remaining 81.67% (49/60) of the patients had good clinical results, with no episodes of arrhythmia during follow-up. CNA may be a safe and effective treatment for vagal-induced bradycardia, subject to confirmation by larger multicenter trials.
Ascorbic acid mitigates the impact of oxidative stress in a human model of febrile seizure and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Scalise Stefania , Zannino Clara , Lucchino Valeria , Lo Conte Michela , Abbonante Vittorio , Benedetto Giorgia Lucia , Scalise Mariangela , Gambardella Antonio , Parrotta Elvira Immacolata , Cuda Giovanni 
Published: March 2024

AbstractProlonged febrile seizures (FS) in children are linked to the development of temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). The association between these two pathologies may be ascribed to the long-term effects that FS exert on neural stem cells, negatively affecting the generation of new neurons. Among the insults associated with FS, oxidative stress is noteworthy. Here, we investigated the consequences of exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in an induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cells (iNSCs) model of a patient affected by FS and MTLE. In our study, we compare the findings from the MTLE patient with those derived from iNSCs of a sibling exhibiting a milder phenotype defined only by FS, as well as a healthy individual. In response to H2O2 treatment, iNSCs derived from MTLE patients demonstrated an elevated production of reactive oxygen species and increased apoptosis, despite the higher expression levels of antioxidant genes and proteins compared to other cell lines analysed. Among the potential causative mechanisms of enhanced vulnerability of MTLE patient iNSCs to oxidative stress, we found that these cells express low levels of the heat shock protein HSPB1 and of the autophagy adaptor SQSTM1/p62. Pre-treatment of diseased iNSCs with the antioxidant molecule ascorbic acid restored HSBP1 and p62 expression and simultaneously reduced the levels of ROS and apoptosis. Our findings suggest the potential for rescuing the impaired oxidative stress response in diseased iNSCs through antioxidant treatment, offering a promising mechanism to prevent FS degeneration in MTLE.
Electrochemical oxidative heterodifunctionalization of dehydroalanine: access to unnatural α,α-disubstituted amino esters
Authors: Cao Hui , Wang Ruitao , Zhang Qianqiu , Lu Cuifen , Weng Yue , Gao Meng 
Published: March 2024

A general, efficient, and mild Dha electrochemical modification strategy is reported, which enables a divergent route to various α,α-disubstituted amino esters via anodic cascade oxidation and nucleophilic attack.
Unsupervised remote sensing image thin cloud removal method based on contrastive learning
Authors: Tan Zhan Cong , Du Xiao Feng , Man Wang , Xie Xiao Zhu , Wang Gui Song , Nie Qin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCloud removal algorithm is a crucial step of remote sensing image preprocessing. The current mainstream remote sensing image cloud removal algorithms are implemented based on deep learning, and most of them are supervised. A large number of data pairs are required for training to achieve cloud removal. However, real with/without cloud image pairs datasets are difficult to obtain in the real world, and the models obtained by training on synthetic datasets often need to generalize better to natural scenes. And the existing unsupervised thin cloud removal methods based on Cycle‐GAN framework with considerable model complexity and unstable training are not an excellent solution to the problem of lack of paired datasets. Based on this, in this paper, the authors propose an unsupervised remote sensing image thin cloud removal method based on contrastive learning—GAN‐UD. It is a network consisting of a frequency‐spatial attention generator and a discriminator. In addition, the authors introduce local contrastive loss and global content loss to constrain the content of the generated images to ensure that the generated cloud‐free images are consistent with the input cloud images in terms of image content. Experimental results show that the proposed method in this paper can still effectively remove thin clouds from remote sensing images without paired training datasets, outperforms current unsupervised cloud removal methods, and achieves comparable performance to supervised methods.
Nozzle effects on spray combustion and emissions in compression ignition engines using waste cooking oil biodiesel: A computational fluid dynamics analysis at varying injection pressures
Authors: Yadav Prem Shanker , Ahmed Samer Fikry Abdelfatt , Gautam Raghvendra , Caliskan Hakan , Caliskan Nesrin , Hong Hiki 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the spray combustion characteristics of waste cooking oil (WCO) in comparison between a swirl nozzle (SN) and a conventional nozzle (CN) of equal cross‐section. n‐Heptane, methyl decanoate, and methyl‐9‐decenoate were used as WCO substitutes in the simulation. The research primarily focuses on multiphase flow using the Lagrangian‐drop Eulerian‐fluid (LDEF) method, employing an equilibrium phase spray model (EP) for droplet behaviour analysis. The model's efficacy was validated through comparisons with experimental works by other engine researchers. At varying injection pressures, the study found that SN slightly reduced evaporative spray tip penetration but increased the cone angle compared to CN. This suggests early fuel jet disintegration and improved air entrainment due to SN. SN also showed a higher heat release rate and temperature, with soot reduction between 3.20 to 6.72% as injection pressure increased from 100 to 300 MPa. This indicates that SN achieves better air‐fuel mixture than CN. Further, the study discovered that the influence of SN becomes more significant as the rheological properties of WCO lessen under ultra‐high injection pressures.
Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention nicht-übertragbarer Erkrankungen
durch Gesundheitsämter in Baden-Württemberg während der COVID-19-Pandemie –
Ergebnisse einer Onlinebefragung
Authors: Siegel Achim , Hesmert Daniela , Mangold Jasmin , Klein Anika , Häske David , Wössner Sofie , Rieger Monika A , Joos Stefanie , Mahler Cornelia 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention zählen zu den
Kernaufgaben des Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (ÖGD), insbesondere der
Gesundheitsämter. Kaum bekannt ist, in welchem Ausmaß die Gesundheitsämter
Aktivitäten im Bereich Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention nicht-übertragbarer
Erkrankungen (G&PnüE) während der COVID-19-Pandemie fortführen konnten. Am
Beispiel der Gesundheitsämter in Baden-Württemberg (BW) untersuchten wir daher,
wie viel Personal den Ämtern für G&PnüE planmäßig zur Verfügung stand und
wie viel Personal während der COVID-19-Pandemie tatsächlich für G&PnüE
eingesetzt wurde, welche G&PnüE-Aktivitäten während der Pandemie
durchgeführt wurden, welche zurückgestellt wurden und welche davon – nach
Meinung der Ämter – vorrangig wiederaufgenommen werden sollten.
Methodik Für die Befragung der 38 Ämter in BW entwickelten wir einen
teilstandardisierten Online-Fragebogen. Pro Amt sollte ein Fragebogen ausgefüllt
werden. Die Befragungen fanden vom 1.9. - 4.11.2022 statt. Die Daten dieser
explorativen Querschnittstudie wurden deskriptiv-statistisch mit dem Programm
SPSS (Version 28) ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Von den 38 Gesundheitsämtern nahmen 34 an der Befragung teil
(89%). Die Ämter verfügten lt. Plan im Mittel über 2,44 Vollkräfte für
G&PnüE (Median 2,00; SD 1,41; Range 0,20–5,00). Unter Pandemiebedingungen
wurden im Mittel 1,23 Vollkräfte für G&PnüE eingesetzt (Median 0,95; SD
1,24; Range 0,00–4,50). Die Befragten nannten beispielhaft
61 G&PnüE-Aktivitäten, die unter Pandemiebedingungen durchgeführt wurden,
und sie beschrieben 69 G&PnüE-Aktivitäten, die zurückgestellt werden
mussten. Von letzteren sollten 40 nach Meinung der Befragten mit höchster
Priorität wiederaufgenommen werden. Die Analyse dieser vordringlich
wiederaufzunehmenden Aktivitäten zeigt charakteristische Unterschiede: So wurde
z. B. die Wiederaufnahme verhältnispräventiver Aktivitäten relativ häufiger als
vordringlich angesehen als die Wiederaufnahme verhaltenspräventiver
Aktivitäten.
Schlussfolgerungen Während der Pandemie setzten die befragten Ämter im
Mittel nur die Hälfte ihrer für G&PnüE vorgesehenen Vollkräfte für
G&PnüE ein. Vergleicht man verschiedene Kategorien von (während der Pandemie
zurückgestellten) G&PnüE-Aktivitäten hinsichtlich der relativen Häufigkeit,
mit der diese vordringlich wiederaufgenommen werden sollten, lassen sich
charakteristische Unterschiede feststellen. Offen bleibt, welche Schlüsse aus
diesen Unterschieden zu ziehen sind.
An Observational Study on Cosmetics Use-related Adverse Effects:
Cosmetovigilance Need of the Day
Authors: Mehta Geetika , Tyagi Daksh Raj , Sachdeva Monika , Tripathi Rashmi , Tyagi Himanshu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction The pursuit of aesthetic attractiveness and increased
awareness have contributed significantly to the growth of the cosmetic industry.
However, it is crucial to recognize that even the minimal use of cosmetics may
have harmful consequences for both the overall well-being and the broader
community, an issue that has yet to be adequately recognized or addressed.
Objective This study is aimed at providing insights into the usage pattern
of consumer behavior regarding skin care products and to assess the prevalence
and determinants of cosmetic-related adverse events among the general
populace.
Materials and Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was carried
out for four months in a satellite city of the National Capital Region (NCR) of
India. The data from 435 respondents was collected using a self-administered
questionnaire and analyzed using frequencies and percentages.
Results Among 435 participants, 32.9% experienced one or more adverse
effects owing to the use of skincare products; the prevalence was higher in
females (36.3%). Hair loss, allergies, and dry skin were the most frequently
reported adverse effects. The majority of the adverse reactions were reported
with soap (21%), followed by shampoo (17%). The gender-wise difference between
adverse effects of skin care products was found to be statistically
significant.
Conclusion To improve the system’s efficiency, a comprehensive review of
the current regulatory protocols for cosmetics is crucial. Additionally, it is
essential to widely disseminate information on Cosmetovigilance and promote the
reporting of any adverse effects of cosmetics within the community; this is the
demand of the present time.
The Effects of Nasal Septal Deviation on Anterior Skull Base Parameters
Authors: Çufalı Şeyda Akbal , Çetin Mehmet Ali , Kum Nurcan Yurtsever , Karakurt Süleyman Emre 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction Functional endoscopic sinus surgery and endoscopic skull base surgery are frequently performed surgeries today. Nasal septal deviation is a common finding and can affect the surgical area. Therefore, it is important to examine the effect of this deviation on other anatomical structures.
Objectıve The aim of the present study was to determine whether there is a relationship between the degree of nasal septal deviation and anterior skull base structures using computed tomography (CT).
Methods A total of 312 patients (aged 18 to 65 years old) whose paranasal sinus CT images were available were included in the study. Measurements were obtained on images retrieved from Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) and Horos image archive systems in the bone window in the coronal and axial plane.
Results The mean age of 312 patients was 33.00 years old (standard deviation [SD] 11.22 years). The presence of septal deviation was not associated with changes in olfactory fossa (OF) depths, Keros degrees, and the angle between the lateral lamella and the cribriform lamella. However, OF depths and Keros degrees on the deviated side of the septum were found to change at a significant level (p < 0.05). No significant association was observed between the degree of septal deviation and cribriform lamella-lateral lamella angle.
Conclusion The study showed significantly increased OF depth and Keros degree on the deviated side of the nasal septum. Performing CT scans before endoscopic sinus surgery and endoscopic skull base surgery is important to increase the chances of a successful surgical outcome and to reduce complications.
Active Bone Conduction Implant and Adhesive Bone Conduction Device: A Comparison of Audiological Performance and Subjective Satisfaction
Authors: Di Gregorio Maria Fernanda , Der Carolina , Bravo-Torres Sofia , Zernotti Mario Emilio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction Atresia of the external auditory canal affects 1 in every 10 thousand to 20 thousand live births, with a much higher prevalence in Latin America, at 5 to 21 out of every 10 thousand newborns. The treatment involves esthetic and functional aspects. Regarding the functional treatment, there are surgical and nonsurgical alternatives like spectacle frames and rigid and softband systems. Active transcutaneous bone conduction implants (BCIs) achieve good sound transmission and directly stimulate the bone.
Objective To assess the audiological performance and subjective satisfaction of children implanted with an active transcutaneous BCI for more than one year and to compare the outcomes with a nonsurgical adhesive bone conduction device (aBCD) in the same users.
Methods The present is a prospective, multicentric study. The audiological performance was evaluated at 1, 6, and 12 months postactivation, and after a 1-month trial with the nonsurgical device.
Results Ten patients completed all tests. The 4-frequency pure-tone average (4PTA) in the unaided condition was of 65 dB HL, which improved significantly to 20 dB HL after using the BCI for 12 months. The speech recognition in quiet in the unaided condition was of 33% on average, which improved significantly, to 99% with the BCI, and to 91% with the aBCD.
Conclusion The aBCD demonstrated sufficient hearing improvement and subjective satisfaction; thus, it is a good solution for hearing rehabilitation if surgery is not desired or not possible. If surgery is an option, the BCI is the superior device in terms of hearing outcomes, particularly background noise and subjective satisfaction.
Exploring excitement counterbalanced by concerns towards AI technology using a descriptive-prescriptive data processing method
Authors: Oprea Simona-Vasilica , Bâra Adela 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGiven the current pace of technological advancement and its pervasive impact on society, understanding public sentiment is essential. The usage of AI in social media, facial recognition, and driverless cars has been scrutinized using the data collected by a complex survey. To extract insights from data, a descriptive-prescriptive hybrid data processing method is proposed. It includes graphical visualization, cross-tabulation to identify patterns and correlations, clustering using K-means, principal component analysis (PCA) enabling 3D cluster representation, analysis of variance (ANOVA) of clusters, and forecasting potential leveraged by Random Forest to predict clusters. Three well-separated clusters with a silhouette score of 0.828 provide the profile of the respondents. The affiliation of a respondent to a particular cluster is assessed by an F1 score of 0.99 for the test set and 0.98 for the out-of-sample set. With over 5000 respondents answering over 120 questions, the dataset reveals interesting opinions and concerns regarding AI technologies that have to be handled to facilitate AI acceptance and adoption. Its findings have the potential to shape meaningful dialog and policy, ensuring that the evolution of technology aligns with the values and needs of the people.
Novel baseline-free ultrasonic Lamb wave defect location method based on path amplitude matching
Authors: Li Qinfei , Luo Zhi , Zhou Shaoping 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Ultrasonic Lamb wave detection technology constitutes a non-destructive evaluation approach extensively employed for the identification of flaws within plate-like structures. The conventional method for detecting and localizing defects in isotropic plate-like structures using ultrasonic Lamb waves relies on baseline signal data. However, the reliability of baseline data as a reference value is diminished due to varying working conditions of the structure. Therefore, to overcome the influence of mismatched baseline data, this paper proposes a novel non-baseline Lamb wave defect detection and localization method. Through simulation and experiment studies, it is discovered that defects at different positions have varied impacts on the amplitude of direct wave-packets under the same propagation path. By eliminating differences in the piezoelectric excitation characteristics of the sensing array (normalized through boundary reflect wave), the direct wave amplitude of multiple sensor pairs in the circular array can be compared and ranked. The paths closest to the location of the damage can be identified, enabling to obtain the defect location information. In this paper, the feasibility and effectiveness of this method has been verified by simulation and practical experiments. The experimental data and imaging results obtained over a four-month period demonstrate that, compared to the traditional baseline localization method, the baseline-free method proposed in this study exhibits a greater ability to resist interference caused by changes in environmental temperature. By increasing the number of sensors from 16 to 32, the positioning accuracy can be significantly improved, reducing the positioning deviation from 13 mm to 0.42 mm. This new non-baseline method based on path amplitude matching demonstrates enhanced practicality within the realm of engineering. Notably, this method holds the potential to be synergistically incorporated and applied in conjunction with various other measurement techniques.