bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corneal Microaneurysm—A Vascular Feature of Conjunctival Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Authors: Stöckl Victoria , Franchi Alexander , Palme Christoph , Steger Bernhard 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
The diagnosis of conjunctival squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (CSIN) can be difficult because of the heterogeneous appearance. Despite established risk factors and diagnostic support by high-resolution optical coherence tomography (hrOCT) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), the only reliable diagnostic method is a histological work-up. This case report is the first to describe corneal microaneurysms in CSIN as a vascular feature for conjunctival tumor angiogenesis.

Methods:
An 84-year-old male patient was referred with a suspected diagnosis of pterygium. Biomicroscopic examination revealed a whitish epithelial lesion of conjunctival origin with centripetal corneal growth and extension over 5 limbal hours. Intralesional vascularization showed highly altered morphology with aneurysmal changes. After imaging with hrOCT and ICGA, excision was performed in a “no-touch double-freeze and thaw” technique, followed by histological and immunohistochemical work-up.

Results:
hrOCT showed an epithelial, hyperreflective lesion with a maximum thickness of 272 µm and sharp central border. ICGA confirmed active perfusion and partial thrombosis of the aneurysmal terminal vascular buds dilated to 405 μm with early dye leakage within the first minute. Histological examination confirmed the clinical diagnosis of CSIN with focal high-grade dysplasia. Postoperatively, there was no recurrence during the observation period of 5 months.

Conclusions:
Intralesional terminal microaneurysms are a feature of tumor angiogenesis in CSIN. The relevance and frequency of this potential new risk factor for malignancy should be investigated in further studies.
Reflecting on diagnosis: The Metacognitive Diagnostic Reasoning Model©
Authors: Beebe Sarah L. , McNelis Angela M. , El-Banna Majeda , Dreifuerst Kristina Thomas 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Diagnostic reasoning is a complex cognitive process that requires intuitive, heuristic processing from knowledge and experience, as well as deliberate and reflective thinking. Evidence on interventions to improve diagnostic reasoning is inconsistent, in part because different terms and models are used to guide research.

Purpose:
To present a model of the factors of diagnostic reasoning in Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs), based on a review of the literature supporting the Metacognitive Diagnostic Reasoning (MDR) Model©.

Methodology:
A review of the literature through systematic database search, historical articles, texts, and documents was conducted from inception through August 2023 (N = 41).

Results:
The MDR model depicts the following concepts: (1) metacognition is viewed as the driving force of diagnostic reasoning; (2) dual cognitive processing and knowledge representations are used; (3) once a diagnosis, treatment plan, and evaluation are complete, APRNs use metacognition for the next patient encounter, using repetition for improvement of the process.

Conclusions:
The model combines key concepts of diagnostic reasoning, providing a framework for researchers to develop and test, and faculty to teach and evaluate this complex process in learners.

Implications:
The MDR model provides research opportunities to validate its usefulness and effectiveness and a framework to guide educational research, contributing to the body of evidence-based practice in nursing. In addition, it may foster ongoing education and training that could lead to more accurate diagnoses and treatment plans, ultimately improving patient care by reducing diagnostic errors.
Plantar pressure analysis of different orthoses in patients after first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis
Authors: Golden Dana , Corbett R. O. , Cooper Minton Truitt , Hertel Jay 
Published: April 2024

Background:
There is no gold standard for a walking orthosis after first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) arthrodesis surgery. Evaluation of plantar pressure measures and patient perceptions for different orthoses may assist surgeons to choose a postsurgery orthotic. The purpose of this study was to measure plantar pressure under the distal first ray during walking and patient perceptions of comfort, stability, and preference with 4 different orthoses in patients with a history of first MTPJ arthrodesis.

Methods:
Crossover study in a university laboratory. Eleven patients volunteered (8 female, 3 male, age = 59.4 ± 9.1 years, 21.9 ± 17.5 months since surgery) who had a unilateral first MTPJ arthrodesis procedure more than 6 months before study participation. Four orthosis conditions were evaluated in all participants: patient's shoe, carbon fiber insert, OrthoWedge, and Post-Op Shoe. We analyzed peak plantar pressure and pressure–time integral under the whole foot and the distal first ray as well as recorded subjective rating for comfort and stability. Rank ordered for preferred orthosis.

Results:
OrthoWedge had significantly lower whole-foot and distal first ray peak pressure than the other conditions. The pressure–time integral for the OrthoWedge was significantly less than the Carbon Fiber Insert and Post-Op Shoe. For stability, comfort, and condition preference, the OrthoWedge was ranked lowest among the 4 conditions.

Conclusions:
The OrthoWedge generated the lowest peak plantar pressure but was subjectively ranked as the least preferred orthosis. This discrepancy between objective biomechanical and subjective comfort measures must be weighed as surgeons prescribe an orthosis to patients after first MTPJ arthrodesis.
Impact of automated data flow and reminders on adherence and resource utilization for remotely monitoring physical activity in individuals with stroke or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: French Margaret A. , Balasubramanian Aparna , Hansel Nadia N. , Penttinen Sharon K. , Wise Robert , Raghavan Preeti , Wegener Stephen T , Roemmich Ryan T. , Celnik Pablo A. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTAs rehabilitation advances into the era of digital health, remote monitoring of physical activity via wearable devices has the potential to change how we provide care. However, uncertainties about patient adherence and the significant resource requirements needed create challenges to adoption of remote monitoring into clinical care. Here we aim to determine the impact of a novel digital application to overcome these barriers. The Rehabilitation Remote Monitoring Application (RRMA) automatically extracts data about physical activity collected via a Fitbit device, screens the data for adherence, and contacts the participant if adherence is low. We compare adherence and estimate the resources required (i.e., time and financial) to perform remote monitoring of physical activity with and without the RRMA in two patient groups. Seventy-three individuals with stroke or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease completed 28 days of monitoring physical activity with the RRMA, while 62 individuals completed 28 days with the data flow processes being completed manually. Adherence (i.e., the average percentage of the day that the device was worn) was similar between groups (p=0.85). However, the RRMA saved an estimated 123.8 minutes or $50.24 per participant month when compared to manual processes. These results demonstrate that automated technologies like the RRMA can maintain patient adherence to remote monitoring of physical activity while reducing the time and financial resources needed. Applications like the RRMA can facilitate the adoption of remote monitoring in rehabilitation by reducing barriers related to adherence and resource requirements.
FicD regulates adaptation to the unfolded protein response in the murine liver
Authors: Casey Amanda K. , Stewart Nathan M , Zaidi Naqi , Gray Hillery F. , Cox Amelia , Fields Hazel A. , Orth Kim 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular stress response that is activated when misfolded proteins accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The UPR elicits a signaling cascade that results in an upregulation of protein folding machinery and cell survival signals. However, prolonged UPR responses can result in elevated cellular inflammation, damage, and even cell death. Thus, regulation of the UPR response must be tuned to the needs of the cell, sensitive enough to respond to the stress but pliable enough to be stopped after the crisis has passed. Previously, we discovered that the bi-functional enzyme FicD can modulate the UPR response via post-translational modification of BiP. FicD AMPylates BiP during homeostasis and deAMPylates BiP during stress. We found this activity is important for the physiological regulation of the exocrine pancreas. Here, we explore the role of FicD in the murine liver. Like our previous studies, livers lacking FicD exhibit enhanced UPR signaling in response to short term physiologic fasting and feeding stress. However, the livers ofFicD−/−did not show marked changes in UPR signaling or damage after either chronic high fat diet (HFD) feeding or acute pathological UPR induction. Intriguingly,FicD−/−mice showed changes in UPR induction and weight loss patterns following repeated pathological UPR induction. These findings show that FicD regulates UPR responses during mild physiological stress and may play a role in maintaining resiliency of tissue through adaptation to repeated ER stress.
Alligamycin A, an unprecedented antifungal β-lactone spiroketal macrolide fromStreptomyces iranensis
Authors: Yang Zhijie , Qiao Yijun , Strøbech Emil , Morth Jens Preben , Walther Grit , Jørgensen Tue Sparholt , Lum Kah Yean , Peschel Gundela , Rosenbaum Miriam A. , Previtali Viola , Clausen Mads Hartvig , Lukassen Marie Vestergaard , Gotfredsen Charlotte Held , Kurzai Oliver , Weber Tilmann , Ding Ling 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFungal infections pose a great threat to public health and there are limited antifungal medicaments.Streptomycesis an important source of antibiotics, represented by the clinical drug amphotericin B. The rapamycin-producerStreptomyces iranensisharbors an unparalleled Type I polyketide synthase, which codes for a novel antifungal macrolide alligamycin A (1), the structure of which was confirmed by NMR, MS, and X-ray crystallography. Alligamycin A harbors an undescribed carbon skeleton with 13 chiral centers, featuring a (β-lactone moiety, a [6,6]-spiroketal ring, and an unprecedented 7-oxo-octylmalonyl-CoA extender unit incorporated by a potential novel crotonyl-CoA carboxylase/reductase. Thealibiosynthetic gene cluster was confirmed through CRISPR-based gene editing. Alligamycin A displayed profound antifungal effects against numerous clinically relevant filamentous fungi, includingTalaromycesandAspergillusspecies. (β-Lactone ring is essential for the antifungal activity and alligamycin B (2) with disruption in the ring abolished the antifungal effect. Proteomics analysis revealed alligamycin A potentially disrupted the integrity of fungal cell walls and induced the expression of stress-response proteins inAspergillus niger. Alligamycins represent a new class of potential drug candidate to combat fungal infections.
A shift from pleiotropic to modular adaptation revealed by a high-resolution two-step adaptive walk
Authors: Kinsler Grant , Li Yuping , Sherlock Gavin , Petrov Dmitri A. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTEvolution by natural selection is expected to be a slow and gradual process. In particular, the mutations that drive evolution are predicted to be small and modular, incrementally improving a small number of traits. However, adaptive mutations identified early in microbial evolution experiments, cancer, and other systems often provide substantial fitness gains and pleiotropically improve multiple traits at once. We asked whether such pleiotropically adaptive mutations are common throughout adaptation or are instead a rare feature of early steps in evolution that tend to target key signaling pathways. To do so, we conducted barcoded second-step evolution experiments initiated from five first-step mutations identified from a prior yeast evolution experiment. We then isolated hundreds of second-step mutations from these evolution experiments, measured their fitness and performance in several growth phases, and conducted whole-genome sequencing of the second-step clones. Here, we found that while the vast majority of mutants isolated from the first-step of evolution in this condition show patterns of pleiotropic adaptation - improving both performance in fermentation and respiration growth phases - second-step mutations show a shift towards modular adaptation, mostly improving respiration performance and only rarely improving fermentation performance. We also identified a shift in the molecular basis of adaptation from genes in cellular signaling pathways towards genes involved in respiration and mitochondrial function. Our results suggest that the genes in cellular signaling pathways are particularly capable of providing large, adaptively pleiotropic benefits to the organism due to their ability to coherently affect many phenotypes at once. As such, these genes may serve as the source of pleiotropic adaptation in the early stages of evolution, and once these become exhausted, organisms then adapt more gradually, acquiring smaller, more modular mutations.
TPR is required for cytoplasmic chromatin fragment formation during senescence
Authors: Bartlett Bethany M. , Kumar Yatendra , Boyle Shelagh , Chowdhury Tamoghna , Quintanilla Andrea , Boumendil Charlene , Acosta Juan Carlos , Bickmore Wendy A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDuring oncogene-induced senescence there are striking changes in the structure of the nucleus and the organisation of heterochromatin. This is accompanied by activation of a pro-inflammatory gene expression programme – the senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP) – driven by transcription factors such as NF-κB. Here we show that TPR, a protein of the nuclear pore complex basket, is required for the very early activation of NF-κB signalling during the stress-response phase of oncogene-induced senescence. This is prior to activation of the SASP and occurs without affecting NF-κB nuclear import. We show that TPR is required for the activation of TBK1 signalling at these early stages of senescence and we link this to the formation of heterochromatin-enriched cytoplasmic chromatin fragments thought to bleb off from the nuclear periphery. These cytoplasmic chromatin fragments appear to lack nuclear pore components. Our data suggest that TPR at the nuclear pore is involved in the loss of structural integrity of the nuclear periphery during senescence. We propose that this acts as a trigger for activation of cytoplasmic nucleic acid sensing, NF-κB signalling, and activation of the SASP, during senescence.
Quantum simulation approach to implementing nuclear density functional theory via imaginary time evolution
Authors: Li Yang Hong , Al-Khalili Jim , Stevenson Paul 
Published: April 2024

The quantum imaginary time evolution (QITE) algorithm is a direct implementation of the classical imaginary time evolution algorithm on quantum computer. We implement the QITE algorithm for the case of nuclear Hartree-Fock equations in a formalism equivalent to nuclear density functional theory. We demonstrate the algorithm in the case of the helium-4 nucleus with a simplified effective interaction of the Skyrme kind and demonstrate that the QITE, as implemented on simulated quantum computer, gives identical results to the classical algorithm.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Higgs boson width and couplings at high energy muon colliders with forward muon detection
Authors: Li Peiran , Liu Zhen , Lyu Kun-Feng 
Published: April 2024

We propose a novel method using the ZZ-fusion channel and forward muon detection at high energy muon colliders to address the challenge of the Higgs coupling-width degeneracy. Our approach enables inclusive Higgs rate measurement to 0.75% at 10 TeV muon collider, breaking the coupling-width degeneracy. Results indicate the potential to refine Higgs coupling to subpercent levels and estimate its total width within (−0.41%, +2.1%). Key insights include the effectiveness of forward muon tagging in signal-background separation despite broad recoil mass distribution due to muon energy reconstruction and beam energy spread. The study emphasizes the significance of muon rapidity coverage up to |η(μ)|<6, enhancing measurement precision. Our findings highlight the unique capabilities of high energy lepton colliders for model-independent Higgs coupling determination and lay the groundwork for future advancements in muon collider technology and Higgs physics research.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Effects of online and offline social capital on social self-efficacy and online self-disclosure
Authors: Wang Edward Shih-Tse , Lin Hung-Chou 
Published: April 2024

PurposeIn this study, we drew on the theories of social exchange and social learning and hypothesized that the online social capital (SC) and offline SC of social networking affect the online self-disclosure (OSD) of individuals through social self-efficacy (SSE).Design/methodology/approachAfter retrieving 514 valid questionnaires, we used structural equation modeling to analyze the data.FindingsThe results indicated that the users’ SSE affected their OSD, and that both online and offline bridging and bonding SC increased their SSE. However, online bonding SC directly affected their OSD, whereas online bridging SC did not considerably affect their OSD. Given these findings, we presented both theoretical and practical implications to elucidate SSE and OSD behavior from the perspective of online and offline bridging and bonding SC.Originality/valueIn this study, we drew on theories of social exchange and social learning to examine the effects of online and offline bridging and bonding SC on users’ SSE and OSD on SNSs. Given the importance of SC and SSE in social relationships and the effects of OSD on SNSs, our goal was to provide SNS marketers with a thorough understanding of how to facilitate SSE and OSD from the perspective of online and offline bridging and bonding SC.
Do corporate site visits by analysts and institutional investors increase labor investment efficiency?
Authors: Li Wenfei , Tang Zhenyang , Chen Chufen 
Published: April 2024

PurposeCorporate site visits increase labor investment efficiency.Design/methodology/approachOur empirical model for the baseline analysis follows those of Jung et al. (2014) and Ghaly et al. (2020).FindingsWe show that corporate site visits are associated with significantly higher labor investment efficiency; more specifically, site visits reduce both over-hiring and under-hiring of employees. The effect of site visits on labor investment efficiency is more pronounced for firms with higher labor adjustment costs, greater financial constraints, weaker corporate governance and lower financial reporting quality. We also find that site visits mitigate labor cost stickiness.Originality/valueFirst, while the literature has suggested how the presence of institutional investors and analysts may affect labor investment decisions, we focus on institutional investors and analysts’ activities and interactions with firm executives. We provide direct evidence that institutional investors and analysts may use corporate site visits to improve labor investment efficiency. Second, our study adds to a line of recent studies on how corporate site visits reduce information asymmetry and agency conflicts. We show that corporate site visits allow institutional investors and analysts to influence labor investment efficiency. We also provide new evidence that corporate site visits reduce labor cost stickiness.
Prototyping of compliant grippers using FFF and TPU
Authors: Mohsen Hussein Omar Hesham , Aly Mohamed Mohamed Fawzy , Megahed Said 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the process of fused filament fabrication (FFF) of a compliant gripper (CG) using thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) material. The paper studies the applicability of different CG designs and the efficiency of some design parameters.

Design/methodology/approach
After reviewing a number of different papers, two designs were selected for a number of exploratory experiments. Using design of experiments (DOE) techniques to identify important design parameters. Finally, the efficiency of the parts was investigated.

Findings
The research finds that a simpler design sacrifices some effectiveness in exchange for a remarkable decrease in production cost. Decreasing infill percentage of previous designs and 3D printing them, out of TPU, experimenting with different parameters yields functional products. Moreover, the paper identified some key parameters for further optimization attempts of such prototypes.

Research limitations/implications
The cost of conducting FFF experiments for TPU increases dramatically with product size, number of parameters studied and the number of experiments. Therefore, all three of these factors had to be kept at a minimum. Further confirmatory experiments encouraged.

Originality/value
This paper addresses an identified need to investigate applications of FFF and TPU in manufacturing functional efficient flexible mechanisms, grippers specifically. While most research focused on designing for increased performance, some research lacks discussion on design philosophy, as well as manufacturing issues. As the needs for flexible grippers vary from high-performance grippers to lower performance grippers created for specific functions/conditions, some effectiveness can be sacrificed to reduce cost, reduce complexity and improve applicability in different robotic assemblies and environments.
The effect of United States commercial airport rate-setting methods on airport bond ratings
Authors: Golkar Bahareh , Lim Siew Hoon , Karanki Fecri 
Published: April 2024

PurposeA major source of external funding for US airports comes from issuing municipal bonds. Credit rating agencies evaluate the bonds using multiple factors, but the judgments behind the ratings are not well understood. This paper examines if airport rate-setting methods affect the bond ratings of US airports.Design/methodology/approachUsing a set of unbalanced panel data for 58 hub airports from 2010 to 2019, we examine the effect of the rate-setting methods and other airport characteristics on Fitch’s airport bond rating.FindingsWe find that compensatory airports consistently receive a very high bond rating from Fitch. The probability of getting a very high Fitch rating increases by ∼28 percentage points for a compensatory airport. Additionally, the probability of getting a very high rating is about 33 percentage points higher for a legacy hub.Research limitations/implicationsThe study uses Fitch bond ratings. Future studies could examine if S&P’s and Moody’s ratings are also influenced by airport rate-setting methods and legacy hub status.Practical implicationsThe results uncover the linkage between bond ratings and their determinants for US airports. This information is important for investors when assessing airport creditworthiness and for airport operators as they manage capital project financing.Originality/valueThis is the first study to evaluate the effects of rate-setting methods on airport bond rating and also the first to document a statistically significant relationship between airports’ legacy hub status and bond ratings.