bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Brief Historical Perspective on Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Morgan Clinton T. , Saha Sibu P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPulmonary embolism is a major cause of mortality worldwide. In this historical perspective, we aim to provide an overview of the rich medical history surrounding pulmonary embolism. We highlight Virchow's first steps toward understanding the pathophysiology in the 1800s. We see how those insights inspired early attempts at intervention such as surgical pulmonary embolectomy and caval ligation. Those early interventions were refined and ultimately led to the development of inferior vena cava filters, the earliest clinical applications of anticoagulation, and even apparently disparate medical advances such as the successful development of cardiopulmonary bypass. We also see how the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism has evolved from rudimentary monitoring of vitals and symptoms to the development of evermore sophisticated tests such as contrast tomography angiography and echocardiography. Finally, we discuss current approaches to diagnosis, classification, and myriad treatments including anticoagulation, thrombolysis, catheter-directed interventions, surgical embolectomy, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation guided by Pulmonary Embolism Response Teams.
A Usability Survey of a Quality Improvement Data Visualization Tool among Medical Intensive Care Unit Nurses
Authors: Williams Abigail M. , Davis Claire L. , Bjoring Margot , Blackstone Kris , Barros Andrew J. , Enfield Kyle B. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Cognitive overload is prevalent among intensive care unit (ICU) clinicians. Data visualization may decrease cognitive load by assisting with data interpretation and task prioritization. We developed the Bundle Board to display real-time data from the electronic medical record (EMR), highlighting opportunities for action in standardized ICU patient care. This study evaluates the practical usability of this data visualization tool among nurses in the ICU.
Methods The tool is offered as an application separate from the EMR and was available in the medical ICU for 8 months before we surveyed unit nursing staff. To evaluate usability of the tool, we adapted the Health-Information Technology Usability Scale and included an option to provide open-ended feedback. Survey data were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative methods.
Results ICU nurses were invited to participate through email and verbal announcements. Of the potential participants, 38% (N = 47) responded. The survey demonstrated that the tool was perceived as usable. For each subscale, mean scores were as follows: Perceived Ease of Use 4.40, Impact 4.14, User Control 4.07, and Perceived Usefulness 3.61. There were no significant differences between core and contracted nurses or after stratifying by duration of Bundle Board use. Fifteen respondents completed the optional free-text portion of the survey. Qualitative analysis revealed six subthemes focusing on perceived impacts on quality and safety, cognitive burden and workload, and emotional impact of the Bundle Board.
Conclusion The Bundle Board demonstrated good usability among ICU nurses, who provided substantive feedback for its improvement. These observations may be generalizable to other comparable interventions. Iterative feedback from end users is vital to developing and implementing a digital health intervention. Our study provides a framework for performing a usability analysis within a specific clinician population and environment.
Characteristics affecting the attitude and approach of physicians to breaking bad news: Uncertain medical situations
Authors: Yurdakul Eray Serdar , Coskun Zuhal Yapici , Sari Oktay , Coskun Ali Kagan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBreaking bad news is a difficult but unavoidable responsibility of physicians. It constitutes a set of stressfull duties, which become more critical during uncertain medical situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of the current study; To determine the factors that affect physicians’ attitudes and approaches in giving bad news about, life-threatening medical conditions. All staff working in the COVID-19 wards as physicians were invited to complete a standardized questionnaire evaluating the descriptive properties and attitude and approach to breaking bad news in this cross-sectional study. A total of 120 physicians were included in the study. An approximately equal number of physicians working in internal medicine and surgical branches were included in the study (p = 0.540). Internal medicine specialists encountered breaking bad news more commonly than surgeons (p = 0.002). Only 14.2% of them stated that they “always” felt competent. Approximately, 68.3% (n = 82) of the physicians did not receive any kind of training on breaking bad news. More than half of the physicians stated feeling anxious about breaking bad news, particularly when announcing death. Announcement of death due to COVID-19 (5.8%) followed announcing fatal diseases (13.3%) and limb loss with function loss (8.3%). The COVID-19 pandemic revealed the physicians’ need for education on “breaking bad news.” Physicians with a shorter work experience had a higher rate of receiving undergraduate education about breaking bad news than those with more work experience. As the length of service increased, there was a significant increase in the rate of receiving education regarding breaking bad news after graduation (p = 0.037). Additionally, it helped to convey the optimal approach in extraordinary and uncertain medical situations. Our study findings support this statement.The most common reason for breaking bad news is the announcement of death, which should be conveyed to the patient’s relatives in accordance with communication principles, taking into account their current situation. This approach can effectively reduce the anxiety experienced by the physician breaking the news and mitigate reactions from the patient’s relatives such as refusal and incomprehension in the face of the patient’s loss.
A systematic review of Stimulated Recall (SR) in educational research from 2012 to 2022
Authors: Zhai Xuesong , Chu Xiaoyan , Wang Minjuan , Tsai Chin-Chung , Liang Jyh-Chong , Spector Jonathan Michael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractStimulated Recall (SR) has long been used in educational settings as an approach of retrospection. However, with the fast growing of digital learning and advanced technologies in educational settings over the past decade, the extent to which stimulated recall has been effectively implemented by researchers remains minimal. This systematic review reveals that SR has been primarily employed to probe the patterns of participants’ thinking, to examine the effects of instructional strategies, and to promote metacognitive level. Notably, SR video stimuli have advanced, and the sources of stimuli have become more diverse, including the incorporation of physiological data. Additionally, researchers have applied various strategies, such as flexible intervals and questioning techniques, in SR interviews. Furthermore, this article discusses the relationships between different SR research items, including stimuli and learning contexts. The review and analysis also demonstrate that stimulated recall may be further enhanced by integrating multiple data sources, applying intelligent algorithms, and incorporating conversational agents enabled by generative artificial intelligence such as ChatGPT. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of SR studies in the realm of education and proposes a promising avenue for researchers to proactively apply stimulated recall in investigating educational issues in the digital era.
The retranslator as the propagandist of MOI
Authors: Afzali Katayoon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Translations are reflections of their historical, social, cultural, and political contexts. Given this, the
current study aimed to explore the ways Nicholson (1898) and Arberry (1967) dealt with translating culture-bound terms and Quranic
allusions in the translations of Rumi’s mystical poems in Divan-e-Shams-e- Tabrizi into English and then identify
the textual relationships between the two. To do so, the comparative model of research and the notion of tertium
comparationis was used. The strategies used by (re)translators for translating culture-bound terms and Quranic
allusions were first identified and categorized in a selection of twenty poems from Divan-e-Shams-e- Tabrizi. The
study’s findings showed strong filial relationships between the two versions, where both had used cultural adaptation and
explicitation of cultural-bound terms by using the addition strategy used in their endnotes. However, the dissidence lay in the
content of the endnotes, and the way discursive contexts of the (re)translators shaped their translation strategies was
discussed.
PolylexFLE
Authors: Todirascu Amalia , François Thomas , Cargill Marion 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
MWE knowledge is key in the process of learning a foreign language, but its teaching remains hindered by the lack
of list of expressions connected to pedagogical aims. In this paper, we present an extended version of the PolylexFLE database,
containing 4,525 French multiword expressions (MWE) of three types: idioms, collocations or fixed expressions. In order to propose
exercises following the difficulty scale of the European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), we used a mixed approach
(manual and automatic) to annotate 1,186 expressions according to the CEFR levels. The paper focuses mostly on the automatic
procedure that first identifies the expressions from the PolylexFLE database (and their variants) in a corpus of pedagogical texts
(with CEFR labels) using a pattern-based system. In a second step, their distribution in this corpus is estimated and transformed
into a single CEFR level. The automatic approach proposed is finally evaluated by 52 French as foreign language learners.
The function of the pointing gesture-speech combination in children’s story retelling
Authors: Minto-García Aline , Alva Canto Elda Alicia , Arias-Trejo Natalia , Jasso Tania 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The use of multimodal communication provides information about children’s language development. From early ages, combinations of gesture and speech are part of communication and meaning processes in different discursive contexts. Our aim was to identify the types of pointing gesture-speech combinations and their communicative functions in the story retelling of 30-, 36-, 42-, and 48-month-old children. We analyzed the children’s retellings (in the context of joint attention with a book) by first identifying whether the pointing gesture-speech combinations were complementary or supplementary and then coding the communicative function of the combinations as assertive, directive, or expressive. The results showed a greater proportion of complementary combinations in all age groups, and a greater frequency of the assertive function in both complementary and supplementary combinations. This study provides evidence about the role of the pointing gesture-speech combinations in Mexican children’s story retelling and how their multimodal communication develops in this narrative context.
University students’ perceptions of team teaching by native and non-native speakers in a Spanish course
Authors: Song Yerim 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the perceptions of 200 Korean students of Spanish as a foreign language regarding team teaching by a Korean Spanish teacher (KST) and a native Spanish-speaking teacher (NST) in a university Spanish course. The survey focused on the students’ views on the weight and demand of learning areas in the lectures, the teaching method and attitude of each instructor, and the advantages and disadvantages of each teacher. The questionnaire asked the students to evaluate the overall team teaching to discern their expectations of the Spanish classes. The results showed that the students had high demands for speaking in both the KST’s and NST’s classes and indicated the advantages and disadvantages of both types of teachers. A relationship was found between the language proficiency level of the students and their preference for instructors, and the use of the first language was considered positive. Overall, the team teaching was evaluated as ideal.
Assessing voice vs. writing quality
Authors: Homayounzadeh Maryam , Rahimi Mohammad 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Using a mixed-methods design, the study aimed to distinguish voice features from the criteria considered in most L2 writing rating scales (e. g., topic development, organization, and quality of language use). Accordingly, a sample of 200 argumentative essays written in English was scored for voice, writing quality, and the critical features of academic writing such as text length, lexical sophistication, and grammatical complexity (see Cumming et al., 2005). Multiple regression and structural equation modeling (SEM) were conducted to verify which of and how the critical elements of academic writing interacted to determine the scores for voice and writing quality. Think-aloud protocols (TAPs) of raters scoring voice and writing quality were also compared. Voice was found an indication of genre competence, rated independently of language use and mostly based on the structure of arguments and the quality with which writers employed certain textual voice elements. In assessing writing quality, however, textual voice elements were dismissed, and the writing quality scores mainly reflected the quality of language use rather than the argument structure. The study provides implications for second language writing assessment and instruction, as well as for future research to be conducted.
Access and Equity through the Greenbelt Venture Program
Authors: Elvy Makela 
Published: April 2024

SummaryThis case study documents the development of the Greenbelt Venture program, a 10-week, youth leadership program providing youth from underserved neighborhoods in Staten Island, NY access to the local forest from the viewpoint of the educator. The case study discusses a unique pedagogical approach that centers equity and access to meet programmatic goals. The case study offers critical reflections on the development process and success metrics that enable the educators to overcome challenges and yield similar qualitative results as other comparable outdoor adventure programs despite the inner-city location.Information© CAB International 2024
Twistor initial data characterisation of pp-waves
Authors: Gasperín Edgar , Pais Francisco 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This note gives a concise derivation of a twistor-initial-data characterisation of pp-wave spacetimes in vacuum. The construction is based on a similar calculation for the Minkowski spacetime in Bäckdahl and Kroon [2011 Class. Quantum Grav.
28 075010]. The key difference is that for the Minkowski spacetime a necessary condition is that

∇

A

A

′

κ
¯

A

′

≠
0

. In this note it is shown that if

∇

A

A

′

κ
¯

A

′

=
0

then the development is a pp-wave spacetime. Furthermore, it is shown that such condition propagates off the initial hypersurface, which, in turn, gives a twistor initial data characterisation of pp-waves.
Anisotropic compact star in linear f(Q)-action
Authors: Maurya S K , Errehymy Abdelghani , Vîlcu Gabriel-Eduard , Alrebdi Haifa I , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Abdel-Aty Abdel-Haleem 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a significant leap forward in understanding compact stellar systems and the modified f(Q) gravity theory is achieved. The pivotal discovery lies in the successful derivation of an exact solution that fulfils the static geometry and spherical symmetry criteria, permitting the study of compact stellar configurations with an anisotropic fluid. The model is rigorously tested and satisfies the vital physical conditions within the stellar fluid, guaranteeing its viability. The numerical values of constant parameters have been calculated by using the observational data of the compact star, namely, Her X-1. The equi-mass contours highlight an impressive correlation between the f(Q) gravity parameters. Boosting α while keeping β fixed and concurrently boosting R leads to a significant global boost in mass distribution. This can be ascribed to the enhanced coupling arising from a higher α, which broadens the mass distribution. In addition, the larger object size arising from the rise in R allows for more mass accommodation. Therefore, raising both R and α leads to an exaggerated mass distribution, proving the combined influence of coupling strength and object size on total mass. Altogether, this investigation advances our knowledge of compact stellar systems and supports the evolution of the modified f(Q) theory of gravity, opening the way for more breakthroughs in this field.
L2SR: learning to sample and reconstruct for accelerated MRI via reinforcement learning
Authors: Yang Pu , Dong Bin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a widely used medical imaging technique, but its long acquisition time can be a limiting factor in clinical settings. To address this issue, researchers have been exploring ways to reduce the acquisition time while maintaining the reconstruction quality. Previous works have focused on finding either sparse samplers with a fixed reconstructor or finding reconstructors with a fixed sampler. However, these approaches do not fully utilize the potential of joint learning of samplers and reconstructors. In this paper, we propose an alternating training framework for jointly learning a good pair of samplers and reconstructors via deep reinforcement learning. In particular, we consider the process of MRI sampling as a sampling trajectory controlled by a sampler, and introduce a novel sparse-reward partially observed Markov decision process (POMDP) to formulate the MRI sampling trajectory. Compared to the dense-reward POMDP used in existing works, the proposed sparse-reward POMDP is more computationally efficient and has a provable advantage. Moreover, the proposed framework, called learning to sample and reconstruct (L2SR), overcomes the training mismatch problem that arises in previous methods that use dense-reward POMDP. By alternately updating samplers and reconstructors, L2SR learns a pair of samplers and reconstructors that achieve state-of-the-art reconstruction performances on the fastMRI dataset. Codes are available at https://github.com/yangpuPKU/L2SR-Learning-to-Sample-and-Reconstruct.
Interplay of intermolecular and intramolecular vibrations mediates ultrafast singlet fission
Authors: Cui Binjie , Jha Ajay , Duan Hong-Guang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Singlet fission (SF) is an exciton multiplication process that splits a singlet exciton in organic semiconductors into two triplet excitons and thus, can overcome the Shockley–Queisser limit to improve the solar energy conversion efficiency in photovoltaics. In this paper, we construct a unified model for the ultrafast primary step of the SF process. To achieve this, we investigate the dynamics of vibrational modes and their interactions with the relevant electronic excited states in prototypical SF materials, pentacene (exothermic SF) and tetracene (endothermic SF) single crystals. Additionally, the functional role of the charge transfer (CT) state is also examined. Using the refined parameters obtained from the reported experimental results, we deduce that the intermolecular vibrations mediate the SF in pentacene with the assistance from strong vibronic couplings to intramolecular modes, which drives the SF process to occur within 100 fs. In this timescale, the CT state has a limiting role towards the SF process in pentacene. However, the CT state plays an important role in a relatively slower SF process in tetracene. Our results disentangle the role of underlying vibrational coherences and clarify the importance of the CT state in tetracene crystal. Hence, with our unified model, we can study the coherent dynamics of the SF process, which can principally be extended to other SF materials as well.
Terahertz narrow-band filter based on 3D-printed periodic waveguides
Authors: Wang Xiang-Yu , Liu Huan , Ma Jing , Li Jie , Chen Wen , Zhang Ya-Yun , Fan Ya-Xian , Tao Zhi-Yong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Terahertz (THz) devices, especially waveguide-type functional devices related to transmission and control, are severely scarce due to the lack of effective design and fabrication methods. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a waveguide type of THz narrow-band filter based on 3D-printed technology, which is realized by a cylindrical hollow metal structure with corrugated tube walls. The semi-cylindrical periodic corrugations are 3D printed on a photosensitive resin substrate material, followed by sputtering a layer of gold film on its surface to endow the structure with THz filtering functions. A hollow cylindrical corrugated waveguide is obtained by assembling two identical semi-circular corrugations together. The periodic structure with Bragg resonances can produce a frequency stop band, in which the propagation of THz waves is significantly suppressed. We print a wider section of corrugations in the middle of the waveguide, which destroys the perfect periodicity of the structure and forms a defect. Due to the local resonance caused by the defect, we observe an additional narrow-band transmission peak within the former stop band, which is a good candidate for THz filtering. The filtering bandwidth and extinction ratio are 1.8 GHz and 28 dB, respectively, and the Q-factor reaches 234. The proposed 3D-printed THz filter has the advantages of the simple structure, excellent performance, and easy integration, which can improve the existing THz systems in various applications.
Design of illusion device in the electro-quasi-static field
Authors: Liu Ning , Mei Zhong Lei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Illusion devices have important applications in military fields because they can change the scattering pattern of objects. In this paper, the illusion conditions in the electro-quasi-static (EQS) field when transient excitation is applied are first deduced. According to the conditions derived, the illusion in the EQS field can be realized. Three representative cases are considered, one for the invisibility situation and two for the illusion situation. Moreover, the evolution of potential with time and its relationship with the excitation is determined. The result has been verified by analytical solution and finite element simulation. Finally, the possible realization of the illusion is discussed by equating the illusion device to the resistance-capacitance network. We also discuss the potential improvement of the device by using reconfigurable components in the device.