bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
p73 G4C14‐to‐A4T14 polymorphism and risk of human papillomavirus‐associated squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx in never smokers and never drinkers
Authors: Chen Xingming , Sturgis Erich M. , Etzel Carol J. , Wei Qingyi , Li Guojun 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.The p53 tumor suppressor protein homolog p73 can be inactivated by oncoprotein E6 of human papillomavirus (HPV). Variation in p73 may alter the interaction between the E6 protein and p73 and, thus, alter the risk for HPV‐associated carcinogenesis. It is believed that the p73 G4C14‐to‐A4T14 polymorphism affects p73 function by altering gene expression; however, whether that polymorphism also alters the risk of HPV type 16 (HPV‐16)‐associated squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (SCCOP) is unknown.METHODS.The current case‐control study included a case group of 188 non‐Hispanic white patients with newly diagnosed SCCOP and a control group of 349 healthy individuals. Logistic regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for cases and controls stratified by p73 genotype, age, sex, smoking status, alcohol use, and HPV‐16 status. The effects of p73 genotypes on the risk of HPV‐16‐associated SCCOP were explored with further stratification by smoking and drinking status.RESULTS.HPV‐16 seropositivity was associated with an increased risk of SCCOP (adjusted OR, 5.98; 95% CI, 3.89‐9.20), especially among never smokers (adjusted OR, 13.8; 95% CI, 5.91‐32.1), never drinkers (adjusted OR, 14.9; 95% CI, 5.24‐42.4), and individuals with p73 variant genotypes (GC/AT and AT/AT; adjusted OR, 7.96; 95% CI, 3.83‐16.5). Moreover, the risk of HPV‐16‐associated SCCOP for individuals who had p73 variant genotypes was particularly high in never smokers and never drinkers.CONCLUSIONS.The p73 G4C14‐to‐A4T14 polymorphism may modulate the risk of HPV‐16‐associated SCCOP, and the p73 variant genotypes may be markers of genetic susceptibility to HPV‐16‐associated SCCOP, particularly in never smokers and never drinkers. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Cytogenetic abnormalities in a series of 1029 patients with primary myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Pozdnyakova Olga , Miron Patricia M. , Tang Guilin , Walter Otto , Raza Azra , Woda Bruce , Wang Sa A. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.Conventional karyotype has an established role in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and is included in the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) for patient risk stratification and treatment selection. Although some chromosomal abnormalities have been well characterized, the significance of several miscellaneous, infrequent, single chromosomal abnormalities remains to be defined. In addition, the emerging therapeutic agents may change the natural course of disease in patients with MDS and the cytogenetic impact on risk stratification.METHODS.Clinicopathologic data were retrieved on 1029 patients who had a diagnosis of primary MDS and had available cytogenetic data (karyotype) on file.RESULTS.Cytogenetic abnormalities were identified in 458 patients (45%) and occurred most frequently in patients who had refractory anemia with excess blasts (62%). Overall, the 3 cytogenetic risk groups defined by the IPSS—good, intermediate, and poor—effectively stratified the patients' overall survival (OS) (64 months, 31 months, and 12 months, respectively; P < .001). With the exception of gain of chromosome 8, single cytogenetic abnormalities within the intermediate group were extremely infrequent in the series but demonstrated variable OS ranging from 10 months for patients who had isochromosome (17q) to 69 months for patients who had deletion of 12p [del(12p)], suggesting different prognostic significance. In the poor cytogenetic risk group, patients with isolated del(7q) and derivative (1;7)(q10;p10) had a significantly better median OS than patients who had either loss of chromosome 7 or a complex karyotype (P < .05).CONCLUSIONS.The current data generated from a large cohort of patients with primary MDS indicated that some specific cytogenetic abnormalities carry different risk than their IPSS cytogenetic risk‐group assignment, especially in the new treatment era. Because of the extreme low frequency, additional combined studies are needed to better categorize some rare single cytogenetic abnormalities within the intermediate cytogenetic risk group. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Larger tonic pupil size in young children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Anderson Christa J. , Colombo John 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have been suggested to manifest from atypical functioning of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), leading to altered arousal and atypical processing of salient stimuli. Coherent with this, persons with ASD show heightened autonomic activity, sleep difficulties, and structural and neurochemical alterations within the ANS. Recently, we observed decreased pupil responses to human faces in children with ASD. In the current study, we found differences in baseline (tonic) pupil size, with the ASD group exhibiting a larger pupil size than age‐matched controls. Pupil responses are sensitive and reliable measures of ANS functioning, thus, this finding highlights the role of the ANS, and may provide clues about underlying neuropathology. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 51: 207–211, 2009
Expression of Islet1 in thyroid development related to budding, migration, and fusion of primordia
Authors: Westerlund Jessica , Andersson Louise , Carlsson Therese , Zoppoli Pietro , Fagman Henrik , Nilsson Mikael 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe LIM homeodomain transcription factor Isl1 was investigated in mouse thyroid organogenesis. All progenitor cells of the midline thyroid diverticulum and lateral primordia (ultimobranchial bodies) expressed Isl1. This pattern persisted until the growing anlagen fused at embryonic day (E) 13.5. In Isl1 null mutants thyroid progenitors expressing Nkx2.1 and Pax8 were readily specified in the anterior endoderm but the size of the thyroid rudiment was reduced. In late development, only immature C‐cells expressed Isl1. In the adult gland the number of Isl1+ cells was small compared with cells expressing calcitonin. Analysis of microarray profiles indicated a higher level of Isl1 expression in medullary thyroid carcinomas than in tumors derived from follicular cells. Together, these findings suggest that Isl1 may be a novel regulator of thyroid development before terminal differentiation of the endocrine cell types. Isl1 is an embryonic C‐cell precursor marker that may be relevant also in cancer developed from the mature C‐cell. Developmental Dynamics 237:3820–3829, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epigenome and chromatin structure in human embryonic stem cells undergoing differentiation
Authors: Bártová Eva , Galiová Gabriela , Krejčí Jana , Harničarová Andrea , Strašák Luděk , Kozubek Stanislav 
Published: November 2008

AbstractEpigenetic histone (H3) modification patterns and the nuclear radial arrangement of select genetic elements were compared in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) before and after differentiation. H3K9 acetylation, H3K9 trimethylation, and H3K79 monomethylation were reduced at the nuclear periphery of differentiated hESCs. Differentiation coincided with centromere redistribution, as evidenced by perinucleolar accumulation of the centromeric markers CENP‐A and H3K9me3, central repositioning of centromeres 1, 5, 19, and rearrangement of other centromeres at the nuclear periphery. The radial positions of PML, RARα genes, and human chromosomes 10, 12, 15, 17, and 19 remained relatively stable as hESCs differentiated. However, the female inactive H3K27‐trimethylated X chromosome occupied a more peripheral nuclear position in differentiated cells. Thus, pluripotent and differentiated hESCs have distinct nuclear patterns of heterochromatic structures (centromeres and inactive X chromosome) and epigenetic marks (H3K9me3, and H3K27me3), while relatively conserved gene density‐related radial chromatin distributions are already largely established in undifferentiated hES cells. Developmental Dynamics 237:3690–3702, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Requirement for a core 1 galactosyltransferase in the Drosophila nervous system
Authors: Lin Yuh‐Ru , Reddy B.V.V.G. , Irvine Kenneth D. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractMucin type O‐glycosylation is a widespread modification of eukaryotic proteins, but its functional requirements remain incompletely understood. It is initiated by the attachment of N‐acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) to Ser or Thr residues, and then elongated by additional sugars. We have examined requirements for mucin‐type glycosylation in Drosophila by characterizing the expression and phenotypes of core 1 galactosyltransferases (core 1 GalTs), which elongate O‐GalNAc by adding galactose in a β1,3 linkage. Drosophila encode several putative core 1 GalTs, each expressed in distinct patterns. CG9520 (C1GalTA) is expressed in the amnioserosa and central nervous system. A null mutation in C1GalTA is lethal, and mutant animals exhibit a striking morphogenetic defect in which the ventral nerve cord is greatly elongated and the brain hemispheres are misshapen. Lectin staining and blotting experiments confirmed that C1GalTA contributes to the synthesis of Gal‐β1,3‐GalNAc in vivo. Our results identify a role for mucin‐type O‐glycosylation during neural development in Drosophila. Developmental Dynamics 237:3703–3714, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Thermal and Catalytic Dehydrogenation of the Guanidine–Borane Adducts H3B·hppH (hppH = 1,3,4,6,7,8‐hexahydro‐2H‐pyrimido[1,2‐a]pyrimidine) and H3B·N(H)C(NMe2)2: A Combined Experimental and Quantum Chemical Study
Authors: Ciobanu Oxana , Allouti Fayçal , Roquette Pascal , Leingang Simone , Enders Markus , Wadepohl Hubert , Himmel Hans‐Jörg 
Published: November 2008

AbstractHerein thermal and catalytic dehydrogenation of the guanidine–borane adducts H3B·hppH (hppH = 1,3,4,6,7,8‐hexahydro‐2H‐pyrimido[1,2‐a]pyrimidine) and H3B·N(H)C(NMe2)2 are analysed. Thermal decomposition of H3B·hppH at 80 °C leads to [HB(μ‐hpp)]2 and a second boron hydride, which is tentatively identified as [(κ2N‐hpp)BH2]. Decomposition in boiling toluene (110 °C) leads to a mixture of [H2B(μ‐hpp)]2 and [HB(μ‐hpp)]2, from which [H2B(μ‐hpp)]2 can be separated and crystallised. In the presence of a catalyst (with Cp2TiCl2/nBuLi or [Rh(1,5‐cod)Cl]2 as precatalysts) dehydrogenation at 80 °C leads predominantly to [H2B(μ‐hpp)]2. In the case of H3B·N(H)C(NMe2)2 uncatalysed dehydrogenation turns out to be a very slow process even at 110 °C. Interestingly, the ultimate product of this process is oligomeric methylimino borane, [HBNMe]n. This pathway can be modelled and understood with the aid of quantum chemical calculations. Faster dehydrogenation can be initiated by addition of a catalyst. Finally, the possible mechanisms for thermal and Cp2Ti‐catalysed dehydrogenation are analysed for the model compound H3B·N(H)C(NH2)2 by means of quantum chemical (DFT) calculations.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Reactions of (Me2C)(Me2Si)[(η5‐C5H3)­Mo(CO)3]2 with Phosphanylalkynes: Rearrangement of Phosphanylalkynes into Phosphido‐Substituted Vinylidenyl Ligands by Cleavage of the P–C(alkyne) Bond and Formation of a P–C(alkene) Bond
Authors: Li Bin , Xu Shansheng , Song Haibin , Wang Baiquan 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis article deals with the thermal reactions of the doubly bridged bis(cyclopentadienyl) dinuclear molybdenum complex (Me2C)(Me2Si)[(η5‐C5H3)Mo(CO)3]2 (1) with a series of phosphanylalkynes PhnP(C≡CR)3–n (n = 2, 1, 0; R = Ph, Fc). In addition to the complex (Me2C)(Me2Si)[(η5‐C5H3)2Mo2(CO)4(μ‐η2‐η2(⟂)‐R1C≡CR2)] [R1 = Ph, R2 = Ph2P, 2; R1 = Ph, R2 = Ph2P(O), 4; R1 = Ph, R2 = PhP(C≡CPh), 6; R1 = Fc, R2 = PhP(C≡CFc), 8; and R1 = Fc, R2 = PhP(O)(C≡CFc), 10], in which the phosphanylalkynes acted as disubstituted acetylenes, the P–C(alkyne) bond cleavage and phosphanylalkyne rearrangement products (Me2C)(Me2Si)[(η5‐C5H3)2Mo2(CO)4{μ‐η1‐η2‐C=C(R1)R2}] [R1 = Ph, R2 = Ph2P, 3; R1 = Fc, R2 = Ph2P, 5; R1 = Ph, R2 = PhP(C≡CPh), 7; and R1 = Fc, R2 = PhP(C≡CPh), 9] were also isolated when mono‐ and bis(ethynyl)‐functionalized phosphanes reacted with 1. Reactions of tris(ethynyl)‐functionalized phosphanes with 1 afforded the phosphanylalkyne‐bridged complexes (or/andtheir oxide) (Me2C)(Me2Si)[(η5‐C5H3)2Mo2(CO)4(μ‐η2‐η2(⟂)‐R1C≡CR2)] [R1 = Ph, R2 = P(C≡CPh)2, 11a and 11b; R1 = Ph, R2 = P(O)(C≡CPh)2, 12; and R1 = Fc, R2 = P(C≡CFc)2, 13]. All the new complexes were fully characterized. X‐ray characterization of 3, 5, 6, 7, 11a, 11b, 13, and P(C≡CFc)3 are also provided.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Novel Coordination Modes for E4S3 Cage Molecules (E = P, As) in Unprecedented Quaternary As4S3(CuCl)n (n = 1,2) Solid‐State Phases
Authors: Schwarz Patrick , Wachter Joachim , Zabel Manfred 
Published: November 2008

AbstractFirst examples of the coordination chemistry of the As4S3 cage were obtained from solutions of As4S3·M(CO)5 (M = Cr, W) in CH2Cl2 and CuCln in CH3CN (n = 1) or CH3OH (n = 2) through interdiffusion techniques. The compounds (As4S3)(CuCl)n (1: n = 1; 2: n = 2) exhibit Cu coordination exclusively through the sulfur bridges. The crystal structure of 1 containsa saw‐like [CuCl] backbone to which As4S3 cages are alternately fixed on both sides through two of their sulfur atoms. The crystal structure of 2 is built up of sheets, in which As4S3 molecules are connected by folded four‐membered Cu2Cl2 rings through all sulfur atoms. Comparative Raman spectra of As4S3 and 1 indicate significant interactions between the cage S atoms and Cu.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
On the Importance of the Nature of Hydrogen Bond Donors in Multiple Hydrogen Bond Systems
Authors: Taubitz Jörg , Lüning Ulrich 
Published: November 2008

AbstractAssociation constants for the reaction between a fourfold hydrogen bond receptor 4 possessing an AADA hydrogen bond pattern and several complementary partners 5–7 with DDAD and DDA patterns have been determined by NMR titration and by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). A variation of one donor site in the DDAD pattern resulted in the following, surprising sequence of stability of the complexes: KAss(6, X = NHCOR) > KAss(7, X = H) > KAss(5, X = NHR). The synthesis of a well soluble DDAD receptor, the amidopyridylurea 6b with a triethylene glycol chain, is described. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
The Silver Amalgam Film Electrode in Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Palladium(II) as Its Dimethyldioxime Complex
Authors: Bobrowski Andrzej , Gawlicki Marek , Kapturski Paweł , Mirceski Valentin , Spasovski Filip , Zarębski Jerzy 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe paper features a description of a sensitive adsorptive stripping voltammetric protocol for the palladium(II) determination in the presence of dimethylglyoxime (DMG) at an amalgam film electrode (Hg(Ag)FE) of prolonged analytical applicability. The procedure is based on the adsorptive preconcentration of the Pd(II)‐dimethylglyoxime complex onto the (Hg(Ag)FE) at −0.45 V, followed by a negatively going square‐wave voltammetric scan. Factors affecting the stripping performance, such as the composition of the supporting electrolyte, including different ligands, DMG concentration, pH, potential and time of preconcentration, and SW frequency have been investigated and optimized. The optimized procedure yields favorable and highly stable stripping responses with good precision (RSD=3% for a Pd concentration of 2 μg/L), low detection limit (0.15 μg/L Pd(II)), and good linearity (from 1.0 μg/L up to 50 μg/L, R2=0.998) with a deposition time of 60 s. Possible interferences from coexisting ions and surface active substances were studied.
Electrocatalysis of 2‐Diethylaminoethanethiol at Nickel Nanoparticle‐Electrodecorated Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube Platform: An Adsorption‐Controlled Electrode Process
Authors: Adekunle Abolanle S. , Pillay Jeseelan , Ozoemena Kenneth I. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractElectrocatalytic behavior of diethylaminoethanethiol (DEAET) at nickel nanoparticle‐electrodecorated single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT‐Ni) platform is presented. We demonstrate that the electrocatalytic response is governed by adsorption‐controlled kinetics and that adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdsSV) represents a viable analytical voltammetry for the sensitive detection of this hydrolysis product of a V‐type nerve agent.
Mediatorless Hydrogen Peroxide Biosensor Based on Horseradish Peroxidase Immobilized on 4‐Carboxyphenyl Film Electrografted on Gold Electrode
Authors: Radi Abd‐Elgawad , Lates Vasilica , Marty Jean‐Louis 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA novel method to fabricate a third‐generation hydrogen peroxide biosensor was reported. The electrode was first derivatized by electrochemical reduction of in situ generated 4‐carboxyphenyl diazonium salt (4‐CPDS) in acidic aqueous solution yielded stable 4‐carboxyphenyl (4‐CP) layer. The horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme was then covalently immobilized by amidation between NH2 terminus of enzyme and COOH terminus of 4‐CP film making use of the carbodiimide chemistry. Electrodeposition conditions used to control electrode functionalization density and film electron transfer kinetics were assessed by chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The immobilized HRP displayed excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) without any mediators. The effect of various operational parameters was explored for optimum analytical performance. The reported biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (within 5 s) to H2O2. The detection limit of the biosensor was 5 μM, and linear range was from 20 μM to 20 mM. Furthermore, the biosensor exhibited high sensitivity, good reproducibility, and long‐term stability.
Electrooxidation of Nitrite Mediated by Cu‐x‐Tetraaminophenylporphyrin (x=2, 3, and 4) Glassy Carbon‐Modified Electrodes: Effect of Substituent Position
Authors: Camargo Andrés , Aguirre María J. , Cheuquepán William , Chen Yo‐Ying , Ramírez Galo 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA study of glassy carbon electrodes modified with poly‐Cu‐x‐tetraaminophenylporphyrin (TAPP) (x=2, 3, and 4) toward the electrooxidation of nitrite is reported. The position of the amino group influences the degree of electropolymerization and the response toward the electrooxidation of nitrite. The influence of pH on the electrocatalytic oxidation of nitrite was also studied, finding that the activity is strongly pH‐dependent. For each system (polymeric porphyrins, poly‐Cu‐2‐TAPP, poly‐Cu‐3‐TAPP, and poly‐Cu‐4‐TAPP), the behavior of the modified electrode as amperometric nitrite sensor was studied at the best pH response, finding a linear correlation over a wide range of concentrations for poly‐Cu‐3‐TAPP. With poly‐Cu‐2‐TAPP, the range is smaller, and there is no linear relationship for poly‐Cu‐4‐TAPP. The plot of Ip vs. the square root of the scan rate shows a linear relationship for all the polymer systems, indicating that the electrooxidation of nitrite in the modified electrodes is a process controlled by diffusion. The Tafel slope was calculated, indicating that the determining step in the electrooxidation of nitrite varies depending on the position of the substituent, showing a dramatic change in the nature of the active sites.
Homogeneous Platinum‐Deposited Screen‐Printed Edge Band Ultramicroelectrodes for Amperometric Sensing of Carbon Monoxide
Authors: Chou Chih‐Hung , Chang Jen‐Lin , Zen Jyh‐Myng 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe report here the fabrication and application of an electrochemical carbon monoxide (CO) gas sensor based on the deposition of Pt nanoparticles on a screen‐printed edge band ultramicroelectrode (SPUME) with Nafion as the solid polymer electrolyte. Homogeneous size and distribution of Pt nanoparticles is stably deposited on the SPUME without either protective or capped agents. The edge diffusion effect at the SPUME, to even out the generation rate of hydrogen and to speed up the mass transfer of Pt solution, is believed to play a key role in achieving the deposition result. The obvious advantage of the proposed ultramicroelectrode system is that no supporting electrolyte (i.e., internal electrolyte) is required in the sensor scheme. The current–time curve recorded under conditions of +0.45 V vs. pseudo Ag reference electrode and various CO concentrations suggests that current response depends linearly on CO concentration up to 1000 ppm (correlation coefficient=0.994) with a sensitivity of 3.76 nA/(ppm⋅cm2). This report demonstrates potential application of the disposable CO gas sensor.
A compact high‐order HLL solver for nonlinear hyperbolic systems
Authors: Capdeville G. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe present a new finite‐volume method for calculating complex flows on non‐uniform meshes. This method is designed to be highly compact and to accurately capture all discontinuities that may arise within the solution of a nonlinear hyperbolic system.In the first step, we devise a fourth‐degree Hermite polynomial to interpolate the solution. The coefficients defining this polynomial are calculated by using a least‐square method. To introduce monotonicity conditions within the procedure, two constraints are added into the least‐square system. Those constraints are derived by locally matching the high‐order Hermite polynomial with a low‐order TVD polynomial. To emulate these constraints only in regions of discontinuities, data‐depending weights are defined; these weights are based upon normalized indicators of smoothness of the solution and are parameterized by an O(1) quantity. The reconstruction so generated is highly compact and is fifth‐order accurate when the solution is smooth; this reconstruction becomes first order in regions of discontinuities.In the second step, this reconstruction is inserted in an HLL approximate Riemann solver. This solver is designed to correctly capture all discontinuities that may arise into the solution. To this aim, we introduce the contribution of a possible contact discontinuity into the HLL Riemann solver.Thus, a spatially fifth‐order non‐oscillatory method is generated. This method evolves in time the solution and its first derivative. In a one‐dimensional context, a linear spectral analysis and extensive numerical experiments make it possible to assess the robustness and the advantages of the method in computing multi‐scale problems with embedded discontinuities. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.