bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of cobalt and proline foliar application for alleviation of salinity stress in radish
Authors: Inayat Hira , Mehmood Hassan , Danish Subhan , Alharbi Sulaiman Ali , Ansari Mohammad Javed , Datta Rahul 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSalinity stress ranks among the most prevalent stress globally, contributing to soil deterioration. Its negative impacts on crop productivity stem from mechanisms such as osmotic stress, ion toxicity, and oxidative stress, all of which impede plant growth and yield. The effect of cobalt with proline on mitigating salinity impact in radish plants is still unclear. That’s why the current study was conducted with aim to explore the impact of different levels of Co and proline on radish cultivated in salt affected soils. There were four levels of cobalt, i.e., (0, 10, 15 and 20 mg/L) applied as CoSO4 and two levels of proline (0 and 0.25 mM), which were applied as foliar. The treatments were applied in a complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Results showed that 20 CoSO4with proline showed improvement in shoot length (∼ 20%), root length (∼ 23%), plant dry weight (∼ 19%), and plant fresh weight (∼ 41%) compared to control. The significant increase in chlorophyll, physiological and biochemical attributes of radish plants compared to the control confirms the efficacy of 20 CoSO4in conjunction with 10 mg/L proline for mitigating salinity stress. In conclusion, application of cobalt with proline can help to alleviate salinity stress in radish plants. However, multiple location experiments with various levels of cobalt and proline still needs in-depth investigations to validate the current findings.
Promoter variations of ClERF1 gene determines flesh firmness in watermelon
Authors: Zhou Yimei , Shen Qinghui , Cai Lingmin , Zhao Haoshun , Zhang Kejia , Ma Yuyuan , Bo Yongming , Lyu Xiaolong , Yang Jinghua , Hu Zhongyuan , Zhang Mingfang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Flesh firmness is a critical factor that influences fruit storability, shelf-life and consumer’s preference as well. However, less is known about the key genetic factors that are associated with flesh firmness in fresh fruits like watermelon.

Results
In this study, through bulk segregant analysis (BSA-seq), we identified a quantitative trait locus (QTL) that influenced variations in flesh firmness among recombinant inbred lines (RIL) developed from cross between the Citrullus mucosospermus accession ZJU152 with hard-flesh and Citrullus lanatus accession ZJU163 with soft-flesh. Fine mapping and sequence variations analyses revealed that ethylene-responsive factor 1 (ClERF1) was the most likely candidate gene for watermelon flesh firmness. Furthermore, several variations existed in the promoter region between ClERF1 of two parents, and significantly higher expressions of ClERF1 were found in hard-flesh ZJU152 compared with soft-flesh ZJU163 at key developmental stages. DUAL-LUC and GUS assays suggested much stronger promoter activity in ZJU152 over ZJU163. In addition, the kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) genotyping datasets of RIL populations and germplasm accessions further supported ClERF1 as a possible candidate gene for fruit flesh firmness variability and the hard-flesh genotype might only exist in wild species C. mucosospermus. Through yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) and dual luciferase assay, we found that ClERF1 could directly bind to the promoters of auxin-responsive protein (ClAux/IAA) and exostosin family protein (ClEXT) and positively regulated their expressions influencing fruit ripening and cell wall biosynthesis.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that ClERF1 encoding an ethylene-responsive factor 1 is associated with flesh firmness in watermelon and provide mechanistic insight into the regulation of flesh firmness, and the ClERF1 gene is potentially applicable to the molecular improvement of fruit-flesh firmness by design breeding.
Is alcohol and psychoactive medication use associated with excess hospital length-of-stay and admission frequency? A cross-sectional, observational study
Authors: Gamboa Danil , Kabashi Saranda , Jørgenrud Benedicte , Lerdal Anners , Nordby Gudmund , Bogstrand Stig Tore 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Hospital length-of-stay and admission frequency are commonly used indicators of disease burden and health resource expenditures. However, the impact of psychoactive prescription medication use and harmful alcohol consumption on both the duration and frequency of hospital admissions is under-explored.

Methods
We conducted an analysis of data gathered from 2872 patients admitted to the Emergency Department at Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital in Oslo, Norway. Psychoactive medicines (benzodiazepines, opioids, and z-hypnotics) were detected via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of whole blood, while alcohol consumption was self-reported through the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-4 (AUDIT-4). Using logistic regression, we examined associations with our primary outcomes, which were excess length-of-stay and admission frequency, defined as exceeding the sample median of 3.0 days and 0.2 admissions per year, respectively.

Results
Compared to the absence of psychoactive medication, and after adjusting for age, gender, malignant disease, pre-existing substance use disorder and admission due to intoxication, the detection of two or more psychoactive medicines was associated with both excess length-of-stay (odds ratio [OR], 1.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20 to 2.14) and yearly hospitalization rate (OR, 3.72; 95% CI, 2.64 to 5.23). This association persisted when increasing the definition for excess length-of-stay to 4 and 5 days and to 1.0 and 1.5 admissions per year for admission frequency. Harmful alcohol consumption (AUDIT-4 scores of 9 to 16) was not associated with excess length-of-stay, but with excess admission frequency when defined as more than 1.0 admission per year when compared to scores of 4 to 6 (OR, 2.68; 95% CI, 1.58 to 4.57).

Conclusions
Psychoactive medication use is associated with both excess length-of-stay and increased antecedent admission frequency, while harmful alcohol consumption may be associated with the latter. The utility of our findings as a causal factor should be explored through intervention-based study designs.
Downregulation of lncRNA EPB41L4A-AS1 promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion
Authors: Ma Jiancang , Feng Yingying , Xu Jinkai , Li Zongyu , Lai Jingyue , Guan Hao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The incidence of gastric cancer ranks the first among digestive tract tumors in China. However, there are no specific symptoms in the early stage of the tumor and the diagnosis process is complex, so more effective detection methods are very needed. In this study, a novel long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) was introduced as a diagnostic biomarker for gastric cancer, which brought new thinking to the exploration of its pathological mechanism and clinical prediction.

Methods
The level of lncRNA EPB41L4A-AS1 (EPB41L4A-AS1) in gastric cancer serum and cells was verified via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed based on the EPB41L4A-AS1 level, and the diagnostic possibility of EPB41L4A-AS was analyzed. The chi-square test evaluated the correlation between EPB41L4A-AS expression and clinical information. The cells were cultured and transfected in vitro, and the mediations of abnormal EPB41L4A-AS level on the viability and motility of gastric cancer cells were verified through cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and Transwell assay. Furthermore, luciferase activity assay was performed to confirm the sponge molecule microRNA-17-5p (miR-17-5p) of EPB41L4A-AS1.

Results
EPB41L4A-AS1 was decreased in gastric cancer, and low EPB41L4A-AS1 level indicated resultful diagnostic value. Overexpression of EPB41L4A-AS1 inhibited the activity of gastric cancer cells, while knockdown of EPB41L4A-AS1 promoted tumor deterioration. EPB41L4A-AS1 directly targeted and regulated the expression ofmiR-17-5p.

Conclusion
This study elaborated that EPB41L4A-AS1 is lowly expressed in gastric cancer. Silencing EPB41L4A-AS1 was beneficial to cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. EPB41L4A-AS1 provides a new possibility for the diagnosis of gastric cancer patients by targeting miR-17-5p.
The role of piRNAs in predicting and prognosing in cancer: a focus on piRNA-823 (a systematic review and meta-analysis)
Authors: Taghizadeh Mohammad , Jafari-Koshki Tohid , Jafarlou Vahid , Raeisi Mortaza , Alizadeh Leila , Roosta Yousef , Matin Somaieh , Jabari Rahele , Sur Daniel , Karimi Abbas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction
This article examines the potential of using liquid biopsy with piRNAs to study cancer survival outcomes. While previous studies have explored the relationship between piRNA expression and cancer patient outcomes, a comprehensive investigation is still lacking. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature.

Methods
We searched major online databases up to February 2024 to identify articles reporting on the role of piRNA in cancer patient survival outcomes. Our meta-analysis used a random-effects model to pool hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and assess the prognostic value of deregulated piRNA-823. For survival analysis, the Kaplan–Meier method and COX analysis were used.

Results
Out of 6104 articles screened, 20 met our inclusion criteria. Our analysis revealed that dysregulated piRNA expression is associated with cancer patient survival outcomes. Specifically, our meta-analysis found that overexpression of piR-823 is significantly linked with poorer overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer and renal cell cancer (HR: 3.82, 95% CI = [1.81, 8.04], I2 = 70%).

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that various piRNAs may play a role in cancer survival outcomes and that piRNA-823 in particular holds promise as a prognostic biomarker for multiple human cancers.

Implications for cancer survivors
Our systematic review and meta-analysis of piRNA-823 has important implications for cancer survivors. Our findings suggest that piRNA-823 can be used as a prognostic biomarker for predicting cancer recurrence and survival rates. This information can help clinicians develop personalized treatment plans for cancer survivors, which can improve their quality of life and reduce the risk of recurrence.
HAIC Combined with lenvatinib plus PD-1 versus lenvatinib Plus PD-1 in patients with high-risk advanced HCC: a real-world study
Authors: Chang Xu , Li Xinge , Sun Peng , Li Zhenfeng , Sun Pengfei , Ning Shangkun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients exhibiting high-risk characteristics (Vp4, and/or bile duct invasion, and/or tumor occupancy ≥ 50%) lacks standardized approaches and yields unfavorable results. This study endeavors to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and prognostic impacts of employing hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC), lenvatinib, and humanized programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) in the treatment of high-risk HCC patients.

Methods
In this retrospective analysis, HCC patients with high-risk features were treated with either lenvatinib combined with PD-1 (LEN-PD1) or a combination of HAIC, lenvatinib, and PD-1 (HAIC-LEN-PD1). The study assessed the antitumor efficacy by calculating overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR). Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were analyzed to assess the safety profiles.

Results
Between June 2019 and September 2022, a total of 61 patients were included in the LEN-PD1 group, while 103 patients were enrolled in the HAIC-LEN-PD1 group. The OS was 9.8 months in the LEN-PD1 group, whereas the HAIC-LEN-PD1 group exhibited a significantly longer median OS of 19.3 months (HR = 0.43, p < 0.001). Furthermore, PFS was notably extended in the HAIC-LEN-PD1 group compared to the LEN-PD1 group (9.6 months vs. 4.9 months, HR = 0.48, p < 0.001). Patients in the HAIC-LEN-PD1 group had a higher ORR and DCR according to the modified RECIST (76.7% vs. 23.0%, p < 0.001; 92.2% vs. 72.1%, p = 0.001). HAIC-LEN-HAIC group led to more adverse events than LEN-PD1 group, most of which were tolerable and controllable.

Conclusion
Lenvatinib, HAIC and PD-1 showed safe and promising anti-tumor activity compared with lenvatinib alone for HCC with high-risk features.
Evaluation of objective and subjective binocular ocular refraction with looking in type
Authors: Fukushima Megumi , Hirota Masakazu , Yukimori Takafumi , Hayashi Akio , Hirohara Yoko , Saika Makoto , Matsuoka Kumiko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to compare the results of the Chronos binocular/monocular refraction system, that measures objective and subjective ocular refraction in one unit, to objective findings obtained from a conventional autorefractometer and a conventional subjective ocular refraction using a trial-frame in real space.

Methods
Twenty-eight healthy volunteers (21.2 ± 1.5 years old) were included in this study. Objective ocular refraction was measured using two tests: the Chronos binocular/monocular refraction system under binocular conditions and a conventional autorefractometer under monocular conditions. Subjective ocular refraction was measured using three tests: Chronos binocular/monocular refraction system under binocular, monocular conditions, and trial-frame in the real space under monocular conditions. The measurement distance was set to 5.0 m for each test. All ocular refractions were converted into spherical equivalents (SEs).

Results
The objective SE was significantly more negative with Chronos binocular/monocular refraction system under binocular condition (− 4.08 ± 2.76 D) than with the conventional autorefractometer under monocular condition (− 3.85 ± 2.66 D) (P = 0.002). Although, the subjective SE was significantly more negative with Chronos binocular/monocular refraction system under binocular condition (− 3.55 ± 2.67 D) than with the trial-frame in the real space under monocular condition (− 3.33 ± 2.75 D) (P = 0.002), Chronos binocular/monocular refraction system under monocular condition (− 3.17 ± 2.57 D) was not significantly different from that in trial-frame in real space under monocular condition (P = 0.33).

Conclusion
These findings suggest that the Chronos binocular/monocular refraction system, which can complete both objective and subjective ocular refraction tests in a single unit, is suitable for screening ocular refraction, although it produces slightly more myopic results. Furthermore, subjective ocular refraction testing accuracy in Chronos binocular/monocular refraction system can be equivalent to trial-frame in real-space testing by switching from binocular to monocular condition.
Comparison of pain between bilateral ICL surgeries in patients with myopia
Authors: Xiao Yu , Liu Yali 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare the preoperative anxiety, aqueous humor monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) concentration, intraoperative pain, and degree of cooperation of the first eye implantable collamer lens (ICL) surgery with the second eye surgery, of the 1-day interval group with the 1-week interval group, and to investigate the possible causes of these differences, as well as to determine the appropriate interval between bilateral eye ICL surgeries.

Method
The study was a prospective observational study. A total of 120 patients who underwent bilateral ICL surgery at the Department of Ophthalmology, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, from July to September 2023, were enrolled. The patients were divided into a 1-day interval group and a 1-week interval group. The ICL surgery was performed on both eyes according to the schedule. Anxiety levels, aqueous humor MCP1, cooperativeness, surgical time, pain and satisfaction, and patients’ estimations of the time spent in the operation were recorded for each eye. The patients were instructed to recall the intraoperative pain of the first eye surgery after the operation of the second eye. Statistical analyses (two independent samples t-test,two paired samples t-test, the rank-sum test, the chi-square test, non-parametric test with multiple independent samples) were performed to compare the differences between each score in both eyes and two groups. Furthermore, we examined the relationship between pain levels and the reproductive history of the patients.

Results
In the 1-day interval group, male/female is 22/52, average age is 25.24±5.00. In the 1-week interval group, male/female is 17/29, average age is 25.39±5.57. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. In both groups, patients were less nervous, had significantly more pain, had less surgical satisfaction, had a longer estimated operative time, and had elevated preoperative MCP1 during the second eye operation. In the second eye surgery, the patient’s cooperation worsened, but it did not lead to an increase in surgical time. A significant proportion of patients, particularly in the 1-week interval group, recalled experiencing reduced pain during the first eye surgery. The 1-week interval group had a higher difference in all indicators between the bilateral surgeries. In the second eye surgery, patients in the 1-week interval group experienced more severe pain, less cooperation, longer estimated operation duration, and a greater MCP1 than those in the 1-day interval group.

Conclusion
Patients undergoing second eye ICL surgery had decreased nervousness, increased pain, decreased cooperation, and satisfaction, and increased MCP1 compared to the first eye surgery. It is recommended that an interval of about one week should be avoided between bilateral surgeries when developing a surgical schedule to improve patients’ cooperation, satisfaction, and comfort.
The relationship between serum resolvin D1, NLRP3, cytokine levels, and adolescents with first-episode medication-naïve major depressive disorder
Authors: Guo Jiamei , Zhang Tanwei , Chen Wanjun , Tan Jianyu , Li Xiao , Zheng Anhai , Fu Yixiao , Qiu Tian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Inflammation has become a critical pathological mechanism of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). NLRP3 is a critical inflammatory pathway to maintain the immune balance. Recently, preclinical evidence showed that Resolvin D1 might potentially offer a new option for antidepressant treatment due to its protective effects through the inhibition of neuroinflammation. However, whether they have clinical value in the diagnosis and treatment evaluation of adolescent depression was unclear.

Methods
Forty-eight untreated first-episode adolescent patients with moderate to severe major depressive disorder, as well as 30 healthy adolescents (HCs, age and gender-matched), were enrolled for this study. Their ages ranged from 13 to 18 (15.75 ± 1.36) years. The patients were treated with fluoxetine for 6–8 weeks. HDRS-17 was used to evaluate the severity of depressive symptoms. Venous blood samples were collected at baseline for the two groups and at the time-point of post-antidepressant treatment for the patients. Serum concentrations of RvD1, NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-4 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) pre- and post-fluoxetine treatment.

Results
Serum levels of RvD1 and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 were significantly elevated in adolescents with MDD compared to healthy adolescents, but no significant difference in NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-18 between the two groups. Meanwhile, RvD1 (positively) and IL-4 (negatively) were correlated with the severity of symptoms (HDRS-17 scores) after adjusting age, gender, and BMI. Interestingly, fluoxetine treatment significantly reduced the serum levels of RvD1, NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-18 in MDD adolescents but increased the levels of IL-4 relative to baseline. Furthermore, we observed that serum levels of RvD1 might be an excellent distinguishing indicator for depression and healthy adolescents.

Conclusions
Our study is the first to compare RvD1 and NLRP3 between adolescent MDD and HCs. Our findings of reactive increase of RvD1 in adolescent MDD comprised a novel and critical contribution. Our results showed the presence of inflammation resolution unbalanced in adolescents with MDD and indicated that RvD1 might be an ideal biomarker for diagnosing and treating adolescent MDD.
Experiences of support for people who access voluntary, community and social enterprise (VCSE) organisations for self-harm: a qualitative study with stakeholder feedback
Authors: Hulin Joe , Huddy Vyv , Oliver Phillip , Marshall Jack , Mohindra Aarti , Delaney Brigitte , Mitchell Caroline 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Prevalence of self-harm In England is rising, however contact with statutory services remains relatively low. There is growing recognition of the potential role voluntary, community and social enterprise sector (VCSE) organisations have in the provision of self-harm support. We aimed to explore individuals’ experiences of using these services and the barriers and facilitators to accessing support.

Methods
Qualitative, online interviews with 23 adults (18+) who have accessed support from VCSE organisations for self-harm in the Yorkshire and the Humber region were undertaken. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was undertaken using NVivo software.

Results
Participants described how a lack of service flexibility and the perception that their individual needs were not being heard often made them less likely to engage with both statutory and VCSE organisations. The complexity of care pathways made it difficult for them to access appropriate support when required, as did a lack of awareness of the types of support available. Participants described how engagement was improved by services that fostered a sense of community. The delivery of peer support played a key role in creating this sense of belonging. Education and workplace settings were also viewed as key sources of support for individuals, with a lack of mental health literacy acting as a barrier to access in these environments.

Conclusions
VCSE organisations can play a crucial role in the provision of support for self-harm, however, pathways into these services remain complex and links between statutory and non-statutory services need to be strengthened. The provision of peer support is viewed as a crucial component of effective support in VCSE organisations. Further supervision and training should be offered to those providing peer support to ensure that their own mental health is protected.