bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coexpression of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation markers in selected subpopulations of primary human mesenchymal progenitor cells
Authors: Ponce M.L. , Koelling S. , Kluever A. , Heinemann D.E.H. , Miosge N. , Wulf G. , Frosch K.‐H. , Schütze N. , Hufner M. , Siggelkow H. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractKnowledge of the basic mechanisms controlling osteogenesis and adipogenesis might provide new insights into the prevention of osteoporosis and age‐related osteopenia. With the help of magnetic cell sorting and fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS), osteoblastic subpopulations of mesenchymal progenitor cells were characterized. Alkaline phosphatase (AP) negative cells expressed low levels of osteoblastic and adipocytic markers. AP positive cells expressed adipocytic markers more strongly than the AP negative cell populations, thus suggesting that committed osteoblasts exhibit a greater adipogenic potential. AP negative cells differentiated to the mature osteoblastic phenotype, as demonstrated by increased AP‐activity and osteocalcin secretion under standard osteogenic culture conditions. Surprisingly, this was accompanied by increased expression of adipocytic gene markers such as peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ2, lipoprotein lipase and fatty acid binding protein. The induction of adipogenic markers was suppressed by transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) and promoted by bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP‐2). Osteogenic culture conditions including BMP‐2 induced both the formation of mineralized nodules and cytoplasmic lipid vacuoles. Upon immunogold electron microscopic analysis, osteoblastic and adipogenic marker proteins were detectable in the same cell. Our results suggest that osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal progenitor cells might not be exclusively reciprocal, but rather, a parallel event until late during osteoblast development. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 1342–1355, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gene expression profiling of macrophages following mice treatment with an immunomodulator medication
Authors: de Oliveira Carolina Camargo , de Oliveira Simone Martins , Goes Viviane M. , Probst Christian M. , Krieger Marco Aurelio , Buchi Dorly de Freitas 
Published: February 2008

AbstractCanova (CA) is a complex homeopathic medication used in diseases where the immune system is depressed. Previous studies demonstrated that it is neither toxic nor mutagenic and activates macrophages. We now evaluate CA effects on cytokine production and gene expression from mice macrophages. The global view of changes in expression of genes with known functions can provide a vivid picture of the way in which cell adapts to a changing environment or a challenge. We found a decrease in IL‐2 and IL‐4 production and a differential expression in 147 genes from CA group. These genes are mainly involved in transcription/translation, cell structure and dynamics, immune response, cytoprotection, enzymatic process, and receptors/ligands. With gene expression analysis we state that this medication provokes a reaction that involves alterations in gene expression profile mainly in the ones involved with macrophages activation, corroborating the laboratorial research and the clinical data. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 1364–1377, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Isolation and characterization of a putative liver progenitor population after treatment of fetal rat hepatocytes with TGF‐Beta
Authors: del Castillo Gaelle , Álvarez‐Barrientos Alberto , Carmona‐Cuenca Irene , Fernández Margarita , Sánchez Aránzazu , Fabregat Isabel 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe “in vitro” establishment of a physiological model of bipotential liver progenitors would be useful for analyzing the molecular mechanisms involved in regulating growth and differentiation, as well as studying their potential role/s in liver physiology and pathology. The transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) induces de‐differentiation of fetal rat hepatocytes (FH), concomitant with changes in morphology. The aim of this work was to isolate and characterize this population of TGF‐β‐treated fetal hepatocytes (TβT‐FH) and test whether they can behave as liver progenitors. The TβT‐FH isolated cell lines show high expression of Thy‐1 and low expression of c‐Kit. They express liver‐specific proteins, such as albumin and alpha‐fetoprotein, and mesenchymal markers, such as vimentin. TβT‐FH maintain expression of the hnf3β gene, but lose expression of hnf1β, hnf4, and hnf6. They express c‐met and show an increase in proliferation in response to HGF. Interestingly, the transdifferentiation process is coincident with changes in the expression of genes related to the oxidative metabolism. TβT‐FH cultured in the presence of EGF + DMSO change morphology, towards epithelial cells, gaining expression of CK19 and c‐Kit, markers found in hepatoblasts and bile duct cells. Furthermore, TβT‐FH form duct‐like structures when cultured on Matrigel. TβT‐FH show also potential to revert to an hepatocyte phenotype when submitted to a long‐term “in vitro” differentiation protocol towards hepatocytic lineage. In summary, our results support the hypothesis that hepatocytes can function as facultative liver stem cells and demonstrate that TGF‐β might play an essential role in the transdifferentiation process. J. Cell. Physiol. 215: 846–855, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Indian hedgehog promotes the migration of rat activated pancreatic stellate cells by increasing membrane type‐1 matrix metalloproteinase on the plasma membrane
Authors: Shinozaki Satoshi , Ohnishi Hirohide , Hama Kouji , Kita Hiroto , Yamamoto Hironori , Osawa Hiroyuki , Sato Kiichi , Tamada Kiichi , Mashima Hirosato , Sugano Kentaro 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIndian hedgehog (Ihh) is a member of hedgehog peptides family that exerts diverse effects on multiple cellular functions. Since Ihh expression is elevated in the pancreas of chronic pancreatitis patients, Ihh has been assumed to participate in the chronic pancreatic injury, especially in pancreatic fibrosis. However, its function in pancreatic fibrosis is still unknown. We thus examined Ihh effects on rat activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) that play a central role in pancreatic fibrosis. Activated PSCs express both patched‐1 and smoothened that are essential components of hedgehog receptor system. Ihh did not alter the PSC expression of collagen‐1 or α‐smooth muscle actin, a parameter of PSC transformation, or did not change PSC proliferation. However, Ihh enhanced PSC migration in both chemotactic and chemokinetic manners. Furthermore, Ihh increased the amount of membrane‐type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1‐MMP) and altered its localization on the plasma membrane, which plays a stimulatory role in cellular migration. In addition, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐2 (TIMP‐2) attenuated Ihh‐stimulated PSC migration. Since most hedgehog intracellular signals are mediated by Gli‐1 transcription factor, we investigated its contribution to Ihh‐enhancement of PSC migration. Ihh induced Gli‐1 nuclear accumulation in PSCs, indicating that Ihh stimulates Gli‐1‐dependent signaling pathway in PSCs. Unexpectedly, however, adenovirus‐mediated Gli‐1 overexpression blocked the Ihh enhancement of both MT1‐MMP localization on the plasma membrane and PSC migration. Furthermore, reduction of Gli‐1 expression with RNA interference augmented Ihh‐stimulated PSC migration. These data indicate that Ihh promotes PSC migration by enhancing MT1‐MMP localization on the plasma membrane but is negatively regulated by Gli‐1. J. Cell. Physiol. 216: 38–46, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
bag3 gene expression is regulated by heat shock factor 1
Authors: Franceschelli Silvia , Rosati Alessandra , Lerose Rosa , De Nicola Serena , Turco Maria Caterina , Pascale Maria 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBAG3 protein, a member of the BAG co‐chaperones family, sustains cell survival, through its interaction with the heat shock protein (HSP) 70, in a variety of normal and neoplastic cell types. bag3 gene expression is induced by stressful stimuli. Here we report for the first time that two of the three putative heat shock‐responsive elements (HSEs) in bag3 promoter interact with the heat shock factor (HSF) 1 in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, downmodulation of HSF1 protein levels by specific small interfering (si) RNAs results in reducing BAG3 protein levels, indicating that the transcription factor plays a major role in bag3 gene expression. Because of the anti‐apoptotic role of BAG3 protein, these results disclose a previously unrecognized pathway, through which HSF1 maintains cell survival. J. Cell. Physiol. 215: 575–577, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Short‐ and long‐term A3 adenosine receptor activation inhibits the Na+/H+ exchanger NHE3 activity and expression in opossum kidney cells
Authors: Di Sole Francesca , Cerull Robert , Babich Victor , Casavola Valeria , Helmle‐Roth Corinna , Burckhardt Gerhard 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe renal function of the A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) is poorly characterized. In this study, we report that the A3AR‐selective agonist, 1‐[2‐chloro‐6‐[[(3‐iodophenyl)methyl]amino]‐9H‐purine‐9‐yl]‐1‐deoxy‐N‐methyl‐b‐D‐ribofuranuronamide (2‐Cl‐IBMECA) regulates the Na+/H+ exchanger‐3 (NHE3) in a dose‐ and time‐dependent fashion. In opossum kidney (OK) cells, 2‐Cl‐IBMECA at high (10−6 M) and low (10−8 M) dose inhibits NHE3 by a multiphasic time course with an acute phase of NHE3 inhibition from 15 min to 1 h, followed by a chronic phase of NHE3 inhibition from 24 to 48 h. Pre‐incubation with either the selective A3AR‐antagonist MRS1523 (10−7 M) or the protein kinase C inhibitor, Calphostin C (10−8 M) completely blocked 10−6 M 2‐Cl‐IBMECA‐induced acute (15 min) and chronic (24 h) phases of NHE3 inhibition. In contrast, the acute inhibitory phase (15 min) of 10−8 M 2‐Cl‐IBMECA was completely prevented only when Calphostin C (10−8 M) was added in conjunction with the protein kinase A inhibitor, H89 (10−7 M). Acute (15 or 30 min depending on the A3AR‐agonist concentration) A3AR‐dependent inhibition of NHE3 activity was accompanied by decrease in cell surface NHE3 protein with no change in total NHE3 antigen. Chronic (24 h) A3AR‐mediated down‐regulation of NHE3 was associated with reduction of surface NHE3, decreased total NHE3 protein (70%) and a paradoxical rise of NHE3 RNA (40%). In summary, these results indicate that A3AR directly regulates NHE3 at multiple levels in a complex pattern. A3AR‐dependent short‐ and long‐term inhibition of NHE3 may be a fundamental mechanism of net sodium and fluid balance. J. Cell. Physiol. 216: 221–233, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
FGFR3 contributes to intestinal crypt cell growth arrest
Authors: Arnaud‐Dabernat Sandrine , Yadav Deepak , Sarvetnick Nora 
Published: February 2008

AbstractFibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are important regulators of the dynamic development and turnover of tissues. Among FGF receptors, FGFR3 expression is confined in the intestinal crypts. We examined FGFR3‐deficient mice and saw increased intestinal crypt depth but no change in villae length or in the distribution of differentiated intestinal cells, suggesting that the impact of lack of FGFR3 was limited to the progenitor cell compartment. Accordingly, enhancement of intestinal crypt proliferation was observed in FGFR3 mutant mice and interestingly, upon anti‐FGFR3 antibody administration in wild type mice. Moreover, injection of FGF18, a ligand of FGFR3, in wild type mice resulted in decreased cell proliferation within the intestinal crypts. In addition, we found that ERK level of activation was increased in FGFR3‐deficient intestinal epithelium. In vitro studies showed that ERK, AKT and activation was regulated by FGFs and that ERK level of activation was inversely correlated to FGFR3 level of expression in the intestinal crypt cells. Furthermore, effects of FGF18 on ERK and AKT activation paralleled FGFR3 effects on these intracellular targets. Our data indicate that FGF18 and FGFR3 are involved, possibly as partners, in the control of intestinal precursor cell proliferation. J. Cell. Physiol. 216: 261–268, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Grb10/Nedd4‐mediated multiubiquitination of the insulin‐like growth factor receptor regulates receptor internalization
Authors: Monami Giada , Emiliozzi Velia , Morrione Andrea 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe adaptor protein Grb10 is an interacting partner of the IGF‐I receptor (IGF‐IR) and the insulin receptor (IR). Previous work from our laboratory has established the role of Grb10 as a negative regulator of IGF‐IR‐dependent cell proliferation. We have shown that Grb10 binds the E3 ubiquitin ligase Nedd4 and promotes IGF‐I‐stimulated ubiquitination, internalization, and degradation of the IGF‐IR, thereby giving rise to long‐term attenuation of signaling. Recent biochemical evidence suggests that tyrosine‐kinase receptors (RTK) may not be polyubiquitinated but monoubiquitinated at multiple sites (multiubiquitinated). However, the type of ubiquitination of the IGF‐IR is still not defined. Here we show that the Grb10/Nedd4 complex upon ligand stimulation mediates multiubiquitination of the IGF‐IR, which is required for receptor internalization. Moreover, Nedd4 by promoting IGF‐IR ubiquitination and internalization contributes with Grb10 to negatively regulate IGF‐IR‐dependent cell proliferation. We also demonstrate that the IGF‐IR is internalized through clathrin‐dependent and‐independent pathways. Grb10 and Nedd4 remain associated with the IGF‐IR in early endosomes and caveosomes, where they may participate in sorting internalized receptors. Grb10 and Nedd4, unlike the IGF‐IR, which is targeted for lysosomal degradation are not degraded and likely directed into recycling endosomes. These results indicate that Grb10 and Nedd4 play a critical role in mediating IGF‐IR down‐regulation by promoting ligand‐dependent multiubiquitination of the IGF‐IR, which is required for receptor internalization and regulates mitogenesis. J. Cell. Physiol. 216: 426–437, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intravascular ultrasound‐guided central vein angioplasty and stenting without the use of radiographic contrast agents
Authors: Matthews Ray , Thomas Joseph 
Published: February 2008

AbstractPatients with contraindications to iodinated radiographic contrast agents present a significant challenge during endovascular intervention. A 46‐year‐old man with end‐stage renal disease and a normally functioning left upper extremity arteriovenous fistula presented with severe left arm edema. The patient's history included repeated severe anaphylactoid reactions with severe respiratory distress upon exposure to iodinated contrast. In an attempt to avoid the use of iodinated contrast, angioplasty and stent placement of a severe central venous stenosis were performed using only fluoroscopy and intravascular sonography. In patients unable to receive iodinated contrast secondary to anaphylactoid reactions, intravascular sonography can be used to guide angioplasty and stenting of central venous stenosis. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2008.
Role of power Doppler sonography in early diagnosis of osteomyelitis in children
Authors: Collado Paz , Naredo Esperanza , Calvo Cristina , Crespo Manuel 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe describe 2 children complaining of leg pain associated with elevated C‐reactive protein levels in whom power Doppler (PD) sonography suggested the diagnosis of early osteomyelitis. PD sonography detected increased blood flow that resulted in a high‐intensity signal area adjacent to the symptomatic tibia surface. Antibiotic therapy led to prompt improvement. These cases suggest that PD sonography is useful in the evaluation of possible early osteomyelitis in children. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2008.
Leiomyoma of the testis: A rare testicular mass
Authors: O'Brien Julie , Loftus Barbara , Barrett Ciara , Torreggiani William 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe report the sonographic appearance of a testicular leiomyoma, which is a rare smooth muscle tumor of the testis. The patient presented with a painless testicular mass that was confirmed as an intratesticular tumor on sonographic examination. Histopathologic examination revealed a testicular leiomyoma. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2008.
Mammary duct ectasia in infant breast with bloody nipple discharge: Sonographic findings
Authors: Bayrak Ilkay Koray , Yalin Turkay , Nural Mehmet Selim , Ceyhan Meltem 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBloody nipple discharge is very rare in childhood. We report the sonographic findings of mammary duct ectasia and cystic changes under the nipple with abnormal content involving a 3‐month‐old boy with bloody nipple discharge. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2008.
Nomograms of fetal thyroid measurements estimated by 2‐dimensional sonography
Authors: Bernardes Lisandra Stein , Ruano Rodrigo , Sapienza Andreia David , Maganha Carlos Alberto , Zugaib Marcelo 
Published: February 2008

AbstractPurpose.To build nomograms of fetal thyroid circumference (FTC), fetal thyroid area (FTA), and fetal thyroid transverse diameter (FTTD) throughout gestational age (GA).Method.Between January 2006 and July 2006, FTC, FTA, and FTTD were measured once in 196 normal fetuses examined at a GA of 22–35 weeks. Inclusion criteria were a healthy mother with normal maternal thyrotropin level during pregnancy, a singleton pregnancy with normal fetal morphology on sonography, and GA confirmed via first‐trimester sonographic examination.Results.Mean FTC, FTA, and FTTD ranged from 3.21 cm, 0.58 cm2, and 1.19 cm at 22 weeks to 5.11 cm, 1.69 cm2, and 1.89 cm at 35 weeks, respectively. Linear regression analysis yielded the following formulas for FTC, FTA, and FTTD according to GA: FTC (cm) = 0.146 × GA (weeks); FTA (cm2) = −1.289 + 0.085 × GA (weeks); FTTD (cm) = 0.054 × GA (weeks). The following logarithmic formulas were obtained for the expected fetal thyroid measurements according to estimated fetal weight (FW): FTC (cm) = −4.791 + 1.265 × logN FW; FTA (cm2) = −1.676 + 0.455 × logN FW; and FTTD (cm) = 0.399 + 0.001 × logN FW.Conclusion.We describe new nomograms of fetal thyroid measurements throughout gestation that may be useful in case of thyroid dysfunction. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2008.
Definition and predictability of an OLR‐based West African monsoon onset
Authors: Fontaine Bernard , Louvet Samuel , Roucou Pascal 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe monsoon onset is documented in terms of latitudinal shift of deep convection areas within the ITCZ using an interpolated version of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) at a 5‐day time‐step over West Africa for the period 1979–2004. Signals in moist convection derived from OLR values lower than 180 W/m2 allow better determination of onset dates (ODs) than the use of other thresholds or of the raw values of OLR. Such ODs are defined without any time filtering or spatial averaging along the meridional plane. They are also significantly correlated with ODs based on other datasets such as the CMAP and Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) rainfall estimates, and seem more realistic, especially during years when the latitudinal shift is unclear and delayed. However, the respective means [30 June for ODs based on OLR (vs) 25 June for ODs based on CMAP and GPCP] and standard deviations [15.6 (vs) 8.1 days] are slightly different. These differences illustrate the fact that the monsoon onset corresponds to a 10–15‐day transition in the West African monsoon seasonal evolution which does not affect, concomitantly, all variables describing the system.The onset is clearly linked to the time evolution of a few key‐descriptors of the monsoon system at regional scale such as the installation of northward meridional gradients of moist static energy in low levels and of the monsoon cell over the continent. It is also associated with specific variations of the relative vorticity in low troposphere and of the velocity potential in upper levels over the Sahel region. Moreover, OD time series exhibits good predictability. Multivariate linear regressions have been performed in a leave‐one‐out cross‐validation way using OLR and selected atmospheric predictors in May. The best results explain 60% of the OD variance and are obtained with 2 types of predictors: the OLR gradients between the Gulf of Guinea and the African continent, and the northward migration of the West African Monsoon cell. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
An objective climatology of the dynamical forcing of polar lows in the Nordic seas
Authors: Bracegirdle Thomas J. , Gray Suzanne L. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA new objective climatology of polar lows in the Nordic (Norwegian and Barents) seas has been derived from a database of diagnostics of objectively identified cyclones spanning the period January 2000 to April 2004. There are two distinct parts to this study: the development of the objective climatology and a characterization of the dynamical forcing of the polar lows identified.Polar lows are an intense subset of polar mesocyclones. Polar mesocyclones are distinguished from other cyclones in the database as those that occur in cold air outbreaks over the open ocean. The difference between the wet‐bulb potential temperature at 700 hPa and the sea surface temperature (SST) is found to be an effective discriminator between the atmospheric conditions associated with polar lows and other cyclones in the Nordic seas. A verification study shows that the objective identification method is reliable in the Nordic seas region.After demonstrating success at identifying polar lows using the above method, the dynamical forcing of the polar lows in the Nordic seas is characterized. Diagnostics of the ratio of mid‐level vertical motion attributable to quasi‐geostrophic forcing from upper and lower levels (U/L ratio) are used to determine the prevalence of a recently proposed category of extratropical cyclogenesis, type C, for which latent heat release is crucial to development. Thirty‐one percent of the objectively identified polar low events (36 from 115) exceeded the U/L ratio of 4.0, previously identified as a threshold for type C cyclones. There is a contrast between polar lows to the north and south of the Nordic seas. In the southern Norwegian Sea, the population of polar low events is dominated by type C cyclones. These possess strong convection and weak low‐level baroclinicity. Over the Barents and northern Norwegian seas, the well‐known cyclogenesis types A and B dominate. These possess stronger low‐level baroclinicity and weaker convection. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society