bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An RGB‐D object detection model with high‐generalization ability applied to tea harvesting robot for outdoor cross‐variety tea shoots detection
Authors: Wu Yanxu , Chen Jianneng , He Leiying , Gui Jiangsheng , Jia Jiangming 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDetecting tea shoots is the first and most crucial step in achieving intelligent tea harvesting. However, when faced with thousands of tea varieties, establishing a high‐quality and comprehensive database comes with significant costs. Therefore, it has become an urgent challenge to improve the model's generalization ability and train it with minimal samples to develop a model capable of achieving optimal detection performance in various environments and tea varieties. This paper introduces a model named You Only See Tea (YOST) which utilizes depth maps to enhance model's generalization ability. It is applied to detect tea shoots in complex environments and to perform cross‐variety tea shoots detection. Our approach differs from common data augmentation strategies aimed at enhancing model generalization by diversifying the data set. Instead, we enhance the model's learning capability by strategically amplifying its attention towards core target features while simultaneously reducing attention towards noncore features. The proposed module YOST is developed upon the You Only Look Once version 7 (YOLOv7) model, utilizing two shared‐weight backbone networks to process both RGB and depth images. Then further integrate two modalities with feature layers at the same scale into our designed Ultra‐attention Fusion and Activation Module. By utilizing this approach, the model can proficiently detect targets by capturing core features, even when encountering complex environments or unfamiliar tea leaf varieties. The experimental results indicate that YOST displayed faster and more consistent convergence compared with YOLOv7 in training. Additionally, YOST demonstrated a 6.58% enhancement in AP50 for detecting tea shoots in complex environments. Moreover, when faced with a cross‐variety tea shoots detection task involving multiple unfamiliar varieties, YOST showcased impressive generalization abilities, achieving a significant maximum AP50 improvement of 33.31% compared with YOLOv7. These findings establish its superior performance. Our research departs from the heavy reliance on high‐generalization models on a large number of training samples, making it easier to train small‐scale, high‐generalization models. This approach significantly alleviates the pressure associated with data collection and model training.
An updated infrageneric classification based on phylogenomics and character evolution in Hydrangea (Hydrangeaceae)
Authors: Yang Xudong , Xue Tiantian , Gao Tiangang , Liang Yunfen , Smets Erik F. , Gadagkar Sudhindra R. , Yu Shengxiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe genus Hydrangea s.l. (Hydrangeaceae), a favorite among gardeners, comprises more than 80 species that are important understory plants in natural temperate and subtropical forests of the Northern Hemisphere. These species are hypervariable in morphology, especially in indumentum and floral characters, warranting a thorough exploration of the complex evolutionary history of morphological characters of the genus. Ideally, this is done within a robust phylogenetic framework with extensive taxon sampling. In this study, we propose a comprehensive taxonomic reassessment of Hydrangea based on a reconstruction of its molecular phylogeny based mainly on the chloroplast genome (plastome) and the most representative taxon sampling reported to date. Phylogenomic reconstruction yielded five well‐resolved major clades and three newly recognized subclades. Inspection of the 28 characters employed in traditional taxonomic revisions revealed homoplasy in many of these traits. Our results show that characters such as growth habit, woody stem type, number of enlarged marginal sepals, style and stamen number, fruit shape, and ovary position are useful for circumscribing infrageneric divisions. Unique synapomorphies are limited. For example, herb and subshrub growth habits are associated with all the species in H. sect. Deinanthe and sect. Cardiandra, respectively. Character state combinations are proposed for distinguishing infrageneric taxa. Based on a robust phylogenetic framework, our findings suggest a complex evolutionary history of Hydrangea morphological characters. Following the criterion of monophyly and considering the morphological consistency and synapomorphy of single and combined characters to diagnose relevant lineages, we update the classification of Hydrangea into 5 subgenera and 19 sections. Our proposed taxonomic scheme, based on a robust phylogenetic framework and in‐depth character study, provides an updated perspective on the infrageneric subdivision of Hydrangea s.l.
Molecular autopsy for fetal structural anomaly: diagnostic and clinical utility of multidisciplinary team approach
Authors: Wall E. , Petley E. , Mone F. , Doyle S. , Hartles‐Spencer L. , Allen S. K. , Castleman J. , Marton T. , Williams D. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveIn the West Midlands regional genetics service, cases of perinatal death with a possible genetic diagnosis are evaluated by the perinatal pathology genetic multidisciplinary team (MDT). The MDT assesses autopsy findings and suggests appropriate genomic assessment. The objective of this retrospective service evaluation was to determine the clinical utility of the MDT in assessing perinatal deaths associated with structural anomaly. This is the first evaluation since the introduction of whole‐genome and whole‐exome sequencing in routine clinical care.MethodsThis was a retrospective service evaluation including all cases of perinatal death with an associated structural anomaly and suspected genetic etiology that underwent perinatal MDT assessment between January and December 2021. All cases received a full or partial postmortem examination and at least a chromosomal microarray analysis. Demographic characteristics, phenotype, genotype, MDT recommendations, diagnoses, outcomes and impact of postmortem analysis and genetic testing data were collected from patient case notes.ResultsOverall, 123 cases were discussed at the MDT meetings in 2021. Genetic evaluation was recommended in 84 cases and accepted in 64 cases. A range of genetic tests were requested according to indication and availability. Thirty diagnoses were made in 29 cases from 26 unrelated families. The diagnostic yield was 24% (29/123) in all cases or 45% (29/64) in cases with a suspected genetic diagnosis who underwent genetic testing. Postmortem examination provided clinically actionable phenotypic data in 79% of cases. A genetic diagnosis enabled accurate recurrence risk counseling and provision of appropriate follow‐up, including prenatal testing and preimplantation diagnosis for patients with inherited conditions.ConclusionsGenomic testing was a clinically useful addition to (but not a substitute for) postmortem examination in cases of perinatal death associated with structural anomaly. The MDT approach helped assess cases and plan appropriate follow‐up. Expedited whole‐genome sequencing or panel‐agnostic analysis were most appropriate for heterogeneous presentations. This broad approach can also expand knowledge of prenatal phenotypes and detect novel disease genes, and should be a priority in future research. © 2024 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Improving Output Visualization of an Algorithm for the Automated Detection of the Perceived Origin of Movement
Authors: Gnecco Giorgio , Fausto Martina , Romano Gabriele , Volpe Gualtiero , Camurri Antonio 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe perceived Origin of full-body human Movement (OoM), i.e., the part of the body that is perceived by an external observer as the joint from which movement originates, represents a relevant topic for movement analysis. Indeed, its automated detection is important to contribute to the automated analysis of full-body emotions and of non-verbal social signals, and has potential applications, among others, in dance and music teaching, cognitive and motor rehabilitation, sport, and entertainment. In this work, we further develop a recently proposed algorithm for the automated detection of the perceived OoM, by improving the visualization of its output. Specifically, the core of that algorithm relies on clustering a skeletal representation of the human body based on the values assumed by a movement-related feature on all its vertices, then finding those vertices that are at the boundary between any two resulting clusters. In the work, we improve the visualization of the clusters generated by that algorithm in successive frames, by “colouring” them by means of the resolution of a sequence of minimum cost bipartite matching subproblems. Finally, based on a real-world dataset, we show that the proposed modification of the algorithm provides, indeed, a better visualization of the clusters than its original version.
Nutzen der partizipatorischen Mitwirkung von PatientInnen an der Entwicklung einer dermatologischen Therapie-App – ein Bericht aus der Praxis
Authors: Koopmann Anne , Pfeifer Anna Maria , Schweickart Lara , Biniaminov Nathalie , Haas Valentin , Marquardt Philipp , Gößwein Astrid , Czaban Christopher , Biniaminov Sergey , Blauth Mara , Glatzel Caroline , Zimmermann Christoph , Stork Wilhelm , Olsavszky Victor , Schmieder Astrid 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungEtwa 2 % der Bevölkerung in Deutschland leiden an Psoriasis. HybridVITA hat eine mobile Applikation (App) entwickelt, mit der Psoriasispatienten ihren Krankheitsverlauf und ihre aktuelle psychische Belastung eigenständig zu Hause dokumentieren und an ihre Behandler übermitteln können. Die HybridVITA-App wurde in enger Zusammenarbeit mit den Nutzergruppen entwickelt, um sie optimal an deren Bedürfnisse anzupassen. Zwei interaktive Workshops mit den Nutzergruppen und den technischen Entwicklern der App waren ein Kernelement dieses Prozesses. Die Workshops dienten der Ermittlung von Bedürfnissen und Verbesserungsvorschlägen der verschiedenen Nutzergruppen sowie der Formulierung von „user stories“ für die Weiterentwicklung der App mithilfe der Scrum-Methode. Durch den partizipatorischen Ansatz des Workshops konnte das Projektteam wertvolles Praxiswissen bereits in einem frühen Entwicklungsstadium sammeln. Das Wissen um mögliche Hürden in einer frühen Projektphase ermöglichte es dem Team, Lösungen für Probleme zu finden, bevor die App in der dermatologischen Versorgung eingesetzt wird. Aus unserer Sicht kann eine partizipative und patientenzentrierte Herangehensweise bei der Entwicklung von Gesundheits-Apps einen großen Erkenntnisgewinn für die Entwickler bedeuten.
Not “what”, but “where is creativity?”: towards a relational-materialist approach to generative AI
Authors: Celis Bueno Claudio , Chow Pei-Sze , Popowicz Ada 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe recent emergence of generative AI software as viable tools for use in the cultural and creative industries has sparked debates about the potential for “creativity” to be automated and “augmented” by algorithmic machines. Such discussions, however, begin from an ontological position, attempting to define creativity by either falling prey to universalism (i.e. “creativity is X”) or reductionism (i.e. “only humans can be truly creative” or “human creativity will be fully replaced by creative machines”). Furthermore, such an approach evades addressing the real and material impacts of AI on creative labour in these industries. This article thus offers more expansive methodological and conceptual approaches to the recent hype on generative AI. By combining (Csikszentmihalyi, The systems model of creativity, Springer, Dordrecht, 2014) systems view of creativity, in which we emphasise the shift from “what” to “where” is creativity, with (Lievrouw, Media technologies, The MIT Press, 2014) relational-materialist theory of “mediation”, we argue that the study of “creativity” in the context of generative AI must be attentive to the interactions between technologies, practices, and social arrangements. When exploring the relational space between these elements, three core concepts become pertinent: creative labour, automation, and distributed agency. Critiquing “creativity” through these conceptual lenses allows us to re-situate the use of generative AI within discourses of labour in post-industrial capitalism and brings us to a conceptualisation of creativity that privileges neither the human user nor machine algorithm but instead emphasises a relational and distributed form of agency.
Heat conduction in multi-component step-wise FGMs
Authors: Szlachetka Olga , Giorgio Ivan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper provides a thorough investigation of a heat conduction problem that pertains to tolerance modelling in layered materials made up of multiple components. These media are functionally graded materials and thus have varying properties that affect their effectiveness. The proposed equations explain the conduction of heat in layered composites. The formulation involves partial differential equations, which utilise smooth and slowly varying functions. Notably, an extension of the unified tolerance modelling procedure is presented generalising existing models for two-component step-wise functionally graded materials (FGMs). This extension allows for the analysis of specific issues related to heat conduction in multi-component stratified composites with a transversal gradation of effective properties. This is the most important novelty achievement of the present paper because it will contribute to advancing knowledge and allows researchers, engineers, and practitioners to use the method in a broader context, addressing a more extensive set of real-world situations not limited to the number of component materials.
Qualitative and quantitative spermatic cord abnormalities at CT predict symptomatic scrotal pathology
Authors: Whitesell Ryan T. , Brunner John F. , Collins Heather R. , Sheafor Douglas H. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate quantitative and qualitative spermatic cord CT abnormalities and presence of unilateral or bilateral symptomatic scrotal pathology (SSP) at ultrasound.

Methods
This retrospective study included 122 male patients (mean age 47.8 years) undergoing scrotal ultrasound within 24 h of contrast-enhanced CT (n = 85), non-contrast CT (NECT, n = 32) or CT-Urogram (n = 5). CECT quantitative analysis assessed differential cord enhancement using maximum Hounsfield unit measurements. Three fellowship trained body radiologists independently assessed qualitative cord abnormalities for both CECT and NECT. Qualitative and quantitative findings were compared with the presence of SSP. Reader performance, interobserver agreement and reader confidence were assessed for NECT and CECT. Quantitative cutoff points were identified which maximized accuracy, specificity, negative predictive value, and other measures.

Results
SSP was present in 36/122 patients (29.5%). Positive cases were unilateral in 30 (83.3%) and bilateral in 6 (16.6%). At quantitative assessment, 25% differential cord enhancement had the highest diagnostic accuracy (88.9%), with 90.5% positive predictive value, 88.4% negative predictive value, 96.8% specificity, and 70.4% sensitivity. At qualitative evaluation, CECT reader performance was excellent (aggregate AUC = 0.86; P < .001); NECT was poorly discriminatory, although remained significant (aggregate AUC = 0.67; P = .002). Readers had significantly higher confidence levels with CECT (P < .001). Qualitative inter-observer agreement was high for both CECT and NECT (ICC = 0.981 and 0.963, respectively).

Conclusion
Simple quantitative assessment of differential cord enhancement is highly accurate and specific for SSP at CECT. Qualitative abnormalities at CECT and NECT are also both predictors of SSP, however, CECT significantly out-performs non-contrast exams.

Graphical abstract
Adrenal fast-track and enhanced recovery in retroperitoneoscopic surgery for primary aldosteronism improving patient outcome and efficiency
Authors: van de Wiel Elle C. J. , Mulder Janneke , Hendriks Anke , Booij Liewes-Thelosen Ingeborg , Zhu Xiaoye , Groenewoud Hans , Mulders Peter F. A. , Deinum Jaap , Langenhuijsen Johan F. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
No data exist on perioperative strategies for enhancing recovery after posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy (PRA). Our objective was to determine whether a multimodality adrenal fast-track and enhanced recovery (AFTER) protocol for PRA can reduce recovery time, improve patient satisfaction and maintain safety.

Methods
Thirty primary aldosteronism patients were included. Fifteen patients were treated with ‘standard-of-care’ PRA and compared with 15 in the AFTER protocol. The AFTER protocol contains: a preoperative information video, postoperative oral analgesics, early postoperative mobilisation and enteral feeding, and blood pressure monitoring at home. The primary outcome was recovery time. Secondary outcomes were length of hospital stay, postoperative pain and analgesics requirements, patient satisfaction, perioperative complications and quality of life (QoL).

Results
Recovery time was much shorter in both groups than anticipated and was not significantly different (median 28 days). Postoperative length of hospital stay was significantly reduced in AFTER patients (mean 32 vs 42 h, CI 95%, p = 0.004). No significant differences were seen in pain, but less analgesics were used in the AFTER group. Satisfaction improved amongst AFTER patients for time of admission and postoperative visit to the outpatient clinic. There were no significant differences in complication rates or QoL.

Conclusion
Despite no difference in recovery time between the two groups, probably due to small sample size, the AFTER protocol led to shorter hospital stays and less analgesic use after surgery, whilst maintaining and even enhancing patient satisfaction for several aspects of perioperative care. Complication rates and QoL are comparable to standard-of-care.
Secondary solid malignancies and precancerous lesions after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using non-total body irradiation-based conditioning in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Isabella Gruber , Katharina Appel , Matthias Edinger , Oliver Koelbl , Daniel Wolff 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Long-term survivors have an increased risk of developing secondary solid malignancies (SSMs) after allogeneic-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) potentially modulating these risks.

Methods
This retrospective study analyzed the cumulative incidences of SSMs after chemotherapy-based conditioning for allo-HSCT patients with acute myeloid leukemia (n = 266) transplanted at the University Hospital Regensburg between 1999 and 2016.

Results
The median follow-up was 11.4 years (Interquartile range, 9.0–14.9). The 100-day cumulative incidence of grade II-IV acute GVHD (aGVHD) was 44.4% [95% CI (38.3, 50.2)], while the 5-year cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD (cGVHD, requiring systemic immunosuppression) was 36.9% [95% CI (31.1, 42.6)]. The cumulative incidences of secondary squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) at 10 and 15 years were 4.2% [95% CI (2.2, 7.2)] and 8.1% [95% CI (4.6, 12.8)], while the cumulative incidences of non-SCCs at 10 and 15 years were 5.4% [95% CI (3.1, 8.7)] and 6.9% [95% CI (4.0, 10.8)]. Antithymocyte globulin (ATG) was associated with reduced incidences of SCCs but not of non-SCCs. Patients with grade II-IV aGVHD had increased rates of SCCs after adjusting with patient age and ATG, while patients with cGVHD showed only a trend for increased rates of SCCs.

Conclusion
The data indicate that aGVHD and cGVHD affect the rates of secondary SCCs. While the use of ATG is associated with lower incidences of SCCs via reduction of GVHD, there was no association of ATG with non-SCCs.
Proper generalized decomposition-based iterative enrichment process combined with shooting method for steady-state forced response analysis of nonlinear dynamical systems
Authors: Lim Dae-Guen , Lee Gil-Yong , Park Yong-Hwa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a novel framework combining proper generalized decomposition (PGD) with the shooting method to determine the steady-state response of nonlinear dynamical systems upon a general periodic input. The proposed PGD approximates the response as a low-rank separated representation of the spatial and temporal dimensions. The Galerkin projection is employed to formulate the subproblem for each dimension, then the fixed-point iteration is applied. The subproblem for the spatial vector can be regarded as computing a set of reduced-order basis vectors, and the shooting problem projected onto the subspace spanned by these basis vectors is defined to obtain the temporal coefficients. From this procedure, the proposed framework replaces the complex nonlinear time integration of the full-order model with the series of solving simple iterative subproblems. The proposed framework is validated through two descriptive numerical examples considering the conventional linear normal mode method for comparison. The results show that the proposed shooting method based on PGD can accurately capture nonlinear characteristics within 10 modes, whereas linear modes cannot easily approximate these behaviors. In terms of computational efficiency, the proposed method enables CPU time savings of about one order of magnitude compared with the conventional shooting methods.
Acute kidney injury in pediatric burn patients
Authors: Kahramanlar Demet , Özlü Sare Gülfem , Demirci Pervin , Erten Elif Emel , Şenel Emrah , Bayrakçi Umut Selda 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and important complication of burn injury. Although there are numerous adult studies, data regarding AKI in pediatric burn patients are scarce. Here, we aimed to evaluate the frequency, clinical features, and prognosis of AKI among pediatric burn injury patients.

Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study. Patients aged between 1 month and 18 years who had been followed up between the years 2011 and 2017 were included, and patients with previous kidney disease were excluded. Demographic data, laboratory and clinical variables, management strategies, and outcome data were obtained from the hospital records. Factors associated with AKI were determined by logistic regression analysis.

Results
A total of 697 patients had been followed up, and 87 (12.5%) had AKI. Older age, refugee status, prolonged duration between the incident and time of hospitalization, presence of sepsis, severity and type of burn, volume of fluid administration, intubation status, and accompanying organ failure were all associated with the development of AKI. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, the most statistically significant factors associated with the development of AKI were older age and increased serum hemoglobin values. In terms of outcomes, length of stay and mortality increased in patients with AKI when compared with patients without AKI.

Conclusion
Similar to adults, AKI is an important and common complication of burn injury in pediatric burn patients and is associated with increased length of stay, morbidity, and mortality. Early recognition and prompt and appropriate management are crucial to avoid morbidity and mortality.

Graphical abstract