bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lymphatic vasculature: a molecular perspective
Authors: Hosking Brett , Makinen Taija 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe lymphatic vasculature comprises an intricate network of vessels critical for fluid homeostasis, immune surveillance and fat absorption. Recent studies have provided insights into the developmental processes and molecular mechanisms controlling the formation and remodelling of the lymphatic vessels. These studies have further demonstrated the essential and active role of the lymphatic vessels in various pathological conditions and advanced our understanding of the progression of human diseases, such as inflammation and tumorigenesis. In the context of the latest exciting findings, we review here the current understanding of the mechanisms of lymphatic development and contribution of lymphatic vessels to pathological conditions. BioEssays 29:1192–1202, 2007. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cylindromatosis and the CYLD gene: new lessons on the molecular principles of epithelial growth control
Authors: Massoumi Ramin , Paus Ralf 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAnalysing cylindromatosis and the associated defects in the CYLD gene is providing novel insights into the molecular principles of epithelial growth control and carcinogenesis in, and beyond, the skin. In this review, we summarize the histopathology and histogenesis of cylindromas, and the available genetic information on patients with these skin appendage tumors. Focusing on recent data concerning the normal functions and signaling interactions of the CYLD gene product, we explain how CYLD interferes with TNF‐α or TLR‐mediated signaling as well as with JNK or NF‐κB‐dependent p65/50 signaling to limit inflammation. In addition, we delineate how CYLD interferes with activation of the proto‐oncogene Bcl3 and with cyclin D1 expression to limit tumorigenesis, and chart how tumor growth‐promoting agents or UV light and inflammatory mediators can activate CYLD. We argue that these recent insights into CYLD function and cylindroma pathogenesis may lead to the development of novel molecular strategies for cancer prevention and treatment. BioEssays 29:1203–1214, 2007. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Do “heavy” eaters live longer?
Authors: Shchepinov Mikhail S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA new hypothesis is put forward, linking cellular endurance with dietary consumption of stable heavy isotopes. Due to the isotope effect, biomolecules that incorporate heavier isotopes give rise to more stable molecular structures with increased resistance to damages associated with aging and age‐related disease. The inclusion of heavy isotopes might be either active (selection for heavier isotopes) or passive (incorporation reflecting the existing abundance). The hypothesis links consumption of foods relatively rich in heavy isotopes (such as 13C and D, derived from C4‐plants), especially at the early stages of the organism's development, with enhanced longevity. Implications of diets and intestinal microflora are also discussed. BioEssays 29:1247–1256, 2007. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Systems biology of transcription control in macrophages
Authors: Ravasi Timothy , Wells Christine A. , Hume David A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe study of the mammalian immune system offers many advantages to systems biologists. The cellular components of the mammalian immune system are experimentally tractable; they can be isolated or differentiated from in vivo and ex vivo sources and have an essential role in health and disease. For these reasons, the major effectors cells of the innate immune system, macrophages, have been a particular focus in international genome and transcriptome consortia. Genome‐scale analysis of the transcriptome, and transcription initiation has enabled the construction of predictive models of transcription control in macrophages that identify the points of control (the major nodes of networks) and the ways in which they interact. BioEssays 29:1215–1226, 2007. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Transversion‐enriched sequence saturation mutagenesis (SeSaM‐Tv+): A random mutagenesis method with consecutive nucleotide exchanges that complements the bias of error‐prone PCR
Authors: Seng Wong Tuck , Roccatano Danilo , Loakes David , Tee Kang Lan , Schenk Alexander , Hauer Bernhard , Schwaneberg Ulrich 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe sequence saturation mutagenesis (SeSaM) method has been advanced to a random mutagenesis method with adjustable mutational biases. SeSaM offers, for example, a bias that is complementary to error‐prone (ep) PCR and is enriched in transversions (SeSaM‐Tv+). dNTPαS and three degenerate bases (P, K and I) are used to control mutational bias flexibly. After quantifying incorporation rates of dPTP, dKTP and dITP by terminal transferase using a luciferase‐based assay and investigating the read and/or write activities of eight DNA polymerases, a transversionenriched protocol has been developed. In a mutant library generated using dGTPαS and dPTP, transversion frequencies of 16.22–22.58% (G→T) and 6.38–9.69% (G→C) were achieved. These mutational spectra are complementary and occur twice as frequently in comparison to standard epPCR methods employing Taq DNA polymerase. For generating more complex mutant libraries, the occurrence of consecutive nucleotide exchanges was increased by 105–106‐fold compared to epPCR. Finally, 16.7% of all sequenced mutants contained consecutive nucleotide exchanges composed mainly of a transversion followed by a transition.
Cyclotides as natural anti‐HIV agents
Authors: Ireland David C. , Wang Conan K. L. , Wilson Jennifer A. , Gustafson Kirk R. , Craik David J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCyclotides are disulfide rich macrocyclic plant peptides that are defined by their unique topology in which a head‐to‐tail cyclized backbone is knotted by the interlocking arrangement of three disulfide bonds. This cyclic cystine knot motif gives the cyclotides exceptional resistance to thermal, chemical, or enzymatic degradation. Over 100 cyclotides have been reported and display a variety of biological activities, including a cytoprotective effect against HIV infected cells. It has been hypothesized that cyclotides from one subfamily, the Möbius subfamily, may be more appropriate than bracelet cyclotides as drug candidates given their lower toxicity to uninfected cells. Here, we report the anti‐HIV and cytotoxic effects of three cyclotides, including two from the Möbius subfamily. We show that Möbius cyclotides have comparable inhibitory activity against HIV infection to bracelet cyclotides and that they are generally less cytotoxic to the target cells. To explore the structure activity relationships (SARs) of the 29 cyclotides tested so far for anti‐HIV activity, we modeled the structures of the 21 cyclotides whose structures have not been previously solved. We show that within cyclotide subfamilies there is a correlation between hydrophobicity of certain loop regions and HIV inhibition. We also show that charged residues in these loops impact on the activity of the cyclotides, presumably by modulating membrane binding. In addition to providing new SAR data, this report is a mini‐review that collates all cyclotide anti‐HIV information reported so far and provides a resource for future studies on the therapeutic potential of cyclotides as natural anti‐HIV agents. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 90: 51–60, 2008.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
A viable synthesis of N‐methyl cysteine
Authors: Ruggles Erik L. , Flemer Stevenson , Hondal Robert J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWhile a number of methods exist for the production of N‐methyl amino acid derivatives, the methods for the production of N‐methyl cysteine (MeCys) derivatives are suboptimal as they either have low yields or lead to significant sulfhydryl deprotection during the synthetic protocol. This article focuses on the generation of MeCys and its subsequent use in Fmoc solid‐phase peptide synthesis for the generation of N‐methyl cystine containing peptides. Various methods for amino methylation of cysteine, in the presence of acid labile or acid stable sulfhydryl protecting groups, are compared and contrasted. Production of MeCys is best attained through formation of an oxazolidinone precursor obtained via cyclization of FmocCys(StBu)OH. Following oxazolidinone ring opening, iminium ion reduction generates FmocMeCys(StBu)OH with an overall yield of 91%. The key to this procedure is using an electronically neutral Cys‐derivative, as other polar Cys‐derivatives gave poor results using the oxazolidinone procedure. Subsequently, the FmocMeCys(StBu)OH building block was used to replace a Cys residue with a MeCys residue in two peptide fragments that correspond to the active sites of glutaredoxin and thioredoxin reductase. The examples used here highlight the use of a MeCys(StBu) derivative, which allows for facile on‐resin conversion to a MeCys(5‐Npys) residue that can be subsequently used for intramolecular disulfide bond formation with concomitant cleavage of the peptide from the solid support. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 90: 61–68, 2008.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
A Cellular‐Automata Model of the Structure of Bulk Water
Authors: Kier Lemont B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCellular‐automata (CA) models of bulk water in the liquid state produce a series of patterns of the water structure, differing in the extent of binding of H2O molecules. The fractions of H2O molecules unbound, and those bound to one, two, three or four neighbors, designated f0, f1, f2, f3, and f4, resp., become structural descriptors of water at various temperatures in the liquid state. The significance of these descriptors is challenged by examining their ability to correlate with a variety of physical properties. The quality of these relational equations demonstrates that the fx values present a structure alternative to the temperature (another physical property) in describing the structure of bulk water.
Cellular‐Automata Models of Solid–Liquid Interfaces
Authors: Cheng Cho‐Kun , Kier Lemont B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA series of cellular‐automata (CA) models have been created, simulating relationships between water (or aqueous solutions) and solid surfaces of differing hydropathic (i.e., hydrophilic or hydrophobic) nature. Both equilibrium‐ and dynamic‐flow models were examined, employing simple breaking and joining rules to simulate the hydropathic interactions. The CA simulations show that water accumulates near hydrophilic surfaces and avoids hydrophobic surfaces, forming concave‐up and concave‐down meniscuses, resp., under equilibrium conditions. In the dynamic‐flow simulations, the flow rate of water was found to increase past a wall surface as the surface became less hydrophilic, reaching a maximum rate when the solid surface was of intermediate hydropathic state, and then declining with further increase in the hydrophobicity of the surface. Solution simulations show that non‐polar solutes tend to achieve higher concentrations near hydrophobic‐wall surfaces, whereas other hydrophobic/hydrophilic combinations of solutes and surfaces do not show such accumulations. Physical interpretations of the results are presented, as are some possible biological consequences.
Automated System for Gene Annotation and Metabolic Pathway Reconstruction Using General Sequence Databases
Authors: Alves João M. P. , Buck Gregory A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDespite the growing number of genomes published or currently being sequenced, there is a relative paucity of software for functional classification of newly discovered genes and their assignment to metabolic pathways. Available software for such analyses has a very steep learning curve and requires the installation, configuration, and maintenance of large amounts of complex infrastructure, including complementary software and databases. Many such tools are restricted to one or a few data sources and classification schemes. In this work, we report an automated system for gene annotation and metabolic pathway reconstruction (ASGARD), which was designed to be powerful and generalizable, yet simple for the biologist to install and run on centralized, commonly available computers. It avoids the requirement for complex resources such as relational databases and web servers, as well as the need for administrator access to the operating system. Our methodology contributes to a more rapid investigation of the potential biochemical capabilities of genes and genomes by the biological researcher, and is useful in biochemical as well as comparative and evolutionary studies of pathways and networks.
Noncovalently Supported Heterogeneous Chiral Amine Catalysts for Asymmetric Direct Aldol and Michael Addition Reactions
Authors: Luo Sanzhong , Li Jiuyuan , Zhang Long , Xu Hui , Cheng Jin‐Pei 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA new strategy for the immobilization of asymmetric organocatalysts by combining polystyrene (PS)/sulfonic acids and chiral amines in situ through acid–base interactions is presented. The PS/sulfonic acids play a dual role as catalyst anchors and modulators for activity and stereoselectivity. Different types of polymeric sulfonic acids were examined and 1 % divinylbenzene (DVB) cross‐linked PS/sulfonic acid 1 e with a medium loading of sulfonic acid moieties was found to be the optimal support. Furthermore, the noncovalency of this system allows combinatorial screening of optimal catalysts for the targeted reactions. In this regard, highly efficient and enantioselective heterogeneous catalysts were identified for the asymmetric direct aldol and Michael addition reactions. The catalysts could be easily recovered by filtration and reused for six cycles with similar stereoselectivity but slightly decreased activity. Significantly, the deactivated catalysts could be regenerated following an acidic washing/amine recharging procedure.
Response to “Comments on a Possible Transition to Solid‐Phase Homochirality”
Authors: Blackmond Donna G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAs part of an ongoing discussion comparing models for the evolution of homochirality, we address the preceding Correspondence by Ribó and co‐workers. We demonstrate that our previous Concept article did not include errors concerning solubility behavior and we address the challenge of representing equilibrium phase behavior for systems of racemizing enantiomers. In addition we re‐emphasize the point that the homochiral state is not inherently more stable than the heterochiral state and we show that concerning this point the Ribó treatise misinterprets the Frank model for the evolution of homochirality.
Ab initio Structural, Electronic and Optical Properties of Orthorhombic CaGeO3.
Authors: Henriques J. M. , Caetano E. W. S. , Freire V. N. , da Costa J. A. P. , Albuquerque E. L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Electrochemical Sensor with Record Performance Characteristics.
Authors: Karyakin Arkady A. , Puganova Elena A. , Bolshakov Ivan A. , Karyakina Elena E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Facile Synthesis of 4‐Hydroxycoumarin and 4‐Hydroxy‐2‐quinolone Derivatives.
Authors: Park Su‐Jin , Lee Jong‐Cheol , Lee Kee‐In 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Lewis Acid Mediated Highly Regioselective SN2‐Type Ring‐Opening of 2‐Aryl‐N‐tosylazetidines and Aziridines by Alcohols.
Authors: Ghorai Manas K. , Das Kalpataru , Shukla Dipti 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Poly(ethylene Glycol): An Environmentally Benign Biphasic Solvent System for Aerobic Oxidation of Styrene.
Authors: Wang Jin‐Quan , Cai Fei , Wang Er , He Liang‐Nian 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Method for Synthesis of Aldehydes from Esters by Sodium Diisobutyl‐t‐butoxyaluminum Hydride.
Authors: Song Jung In , An Duk Keun 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Membrane‐Active Calixarenes: Toward “Gating” Transmembrane Anion Transport.
Authors: Okunola Oluyomi A. , Seganish Jennifer L. , Salimian Kevan J. , Zavalij Peter Y. , Davis Jeffery T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Water‐Soluble Nucleotide‐Calixarene Conjugates and Preliminary Investigation of Their in vitro DNA Replication Inhibitory Activity.
Authors: Consoli Grazia M. L. , Granata Giuseppe , Galante Eva , Di Silvestro Isabella , Salafia Laura , Geraci Corrada 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
exo and endo Isomerism of Subvalent Tin and Germanium Complexes Derived from 1,3‐Diethers of p‐tert‐Butylcalix[4]arene.
Authors: Hascall. Tony Hascall. Tony , Pang Keliang , Parkin Gerard 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Tubular Products from Calixarene—Cyclodextrin Coupling.
Authors: Hocquelet Celine , Jankowski Christopher K. , Mauclaire Laurent 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Metal‐Free Access to Fully Substituted Skipped Diynes. An Efficient Chemodifferentiating A2BB′ 4CR Manifold.
Authors: Tejedor David , Lopez‐Tosco Sara , Gonzalez‐Platas Javier , Garcia‐Tellado Fernando 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Medium‐Sized Carbocycles by a Zirconocene‐Catalyzed Tandem Formal Ring Expansion—Magnesation Reaction of Alkenyl‐Substituted Cyclic Enol Ethers.
Authors: Barluenga Jose , Alvarez‐Rodrigo Lucia , Rodriguez Felix , Fananas Francisco J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium‐Mediated Direct Coupling of Silylated Arylalkynes with Propargylic Chlorides: An Efficient Access to Functionalized Conjugated Allenynes.
Authors: Girard Delphine , Broussous Sylvie , Provot Olivier , Brion Jean‐Daniel , Alami Mouad 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Convenient Synthesis of Stable Aldimine—Borane Complexes, Chiral δ‐Amino Alcohols, and γ‐Substituted GABA Analogues from Nitriles.
Authors: Ramachandran P. Veeraraghavan , Biswas Debanjan 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of (E)‐Allylic Alcohols.
Authors: Wu Hsyueh‐Liang , Wu Ping‐Yu , Uang Biing‐Jiun 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Disubstituted Ynamides from β,β‐Dichloroenamides and Electrophiles.
Authors: Rodriguez David , Martinez‐Esperon M. Fernanda , Castedo Luis , Saa Carlos 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Preparation and Reaction of Phenylsulfonyl‐Substituted Dizinciomethane.
Authors: Baba Yoko , Toshimitsu Akio , Matsubara Seijiro 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Anodic Oxidation of Catechols in the Presence of 1,3‐Indandione. A Green Electrosynthetic Approach to New Catechol Derivatives.
Authors: Raoof Jahan‐Bakhsh , Kiani Abolfazl , Ojani Reza , Khalilzadeh Mohammad A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Ladder‐Type π‐Conjugated Heteroacenes via Palladium‐Catalyzed Double N‐Arylation and Intramolecular O‐Arylation.
Authors: Kawaguchi Keiko , Nakano Koji , Nozaki Kyoko 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Derivatives of α,β‐Dehydro Amino Acids. Part 2. New Synthesis of 2,4‐Disubstituted 1‐Aminoimidazol‐5‐ones from N‐Substituted α,β‐Unsaturated α‐Amino Acid Hydrazides.
Authors: Topuzyan V. O. , Arutyunyan L. G. , Oganesyan A. A. , Panosyan G. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chiral Ruthenium Lewis Acid Catalyzed Nitrile Oxide Cycloadditions.
Authors: Brinkmann Yasmin , Madhushaw Reniguntala J. , Jazzar Rodolphe , Bernardinelli Gerald , Kuendig E. Peter 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.