bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immediate facial rehabilitation in poor prognosis tumor patients
Authors: Sobol Steven , Toomey James M. , Ogura Joseph H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractEffective rehabilitation of facial paralysis in the poor prognosis tumor patient is best accomplished by the judicious and individualized use of that combination of static or static and dynamic procedures which will correct the major deformities present immediately and with minimal morbidity. This approach may be taken at the time of tumor ablation or later when the effects of paralysis become distressingly evident. In the rare patient whose disease is controlled, additional dynamic rehabilitative efforts may be considered subsequently.
Serratia marcescens in tracheotomy cultures
Authors: Weiss Kenneth S. , Wolff Allan 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTwenty‐three consecutive tracheotomies were cultured after an apparent outbreak of Serratia marcescens was noted. Over a period of one year, six cases with positive cultures were found. The importance of these positive cultures in relation to the patient's clinical course is discussed. The treatment of Serratia marcescens septicemia is reviewed.
Rhinorrhea associated with intracranial cholesteatomas and an “empty sella”
Authors: Thinakkal Ramakrishnan , Glista Glen , Reichman O. Howard , Patel Mahendra , Derman Gordon , Borkenhagen Robert 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThree related disorders in the same patient, namely bilateral primary intracranial cholesteatomas, an “empty sella” syndrome, and a cerebrospinal rhinorrhea are reported. No previous report of bilateral symmetrical cholesteatomas has been made, though single intracranial cholesteatomas have frequently been recorded in medical literature. The “empty sella” syndrome is generally considered to be from a herniation of the subarachnoid into the sella through a deficient diaphragma sella, and was first defined by Ommaya in 1968. Non‐traumatic (spontaneous) rhinorrhea remains an uncommon disease initially described in 1826.Experience of the individual otolaryngologist is limited in this region because of infrequent occurrence and because definitive treatment is directed to other specialties. On the other hand, the ear, nose and throat physician may be the first to interpret a drainage from the nose. With this in mind, the etiologic, clinical and management factors in the present case are discussed.
Carotid body paraganglioma with metastases.
Authors: Zbaren Peter , Lehmann Willy 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe diagnosis of a carotid body paraganglioma with metastases led us to a critical review of the literature of 106 cases with metastasis reported between 1893 and 1980. The percentage of tumors with metastasis is in the order of 11.5% to 13%. There is no proven histological criterion from which to assert or infer their malignancy.
Studies of early laryngeal reinnervation.
Authors: Chang Shyue‐Yih 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn 1973, Hengerer and Tucker reported a method for laryngeal reinnervation. The purpose of this study is to objectively verify the reinnervalion mechanism in 20 dogs with nerve‐muscle pedicle grafts. Three months after the experimental operation direct stimulation of the nerve to the neuromuscular pedicle produced an evoked action potential of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle. This was recorded. Histologic examination of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle and the nerve‐muscle pedicle were performed. The electromyogram revealed in ten of fifteen dogs an excitable action potential. This can be considered as objective evidence for reinnervation from the neuromuscular pedicle.
Meibomian gland adenocarcinoma of the eyelid with preauricular lymph node metastasis
Authors: Mashburn Mark A. , Chonkich George D. , Chase Donald R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMeibomian gland carcinomas of the eyelid are rare neoplasms, accounting for less than 1% of all eyelid tumors. They usually mimic chalazia and undergo repeated curettage before a definitive diagnosis is made. Although they are relatively slow growing tumors they behave in an aggressive manner, frequently metastasizing to regional lymph nodes. Approximately 50% of the patients who develop metastasis to lymph nodes of the neck will survive five years. We present a case of meibomian gland carcinoma with preauricluar lymph node metastasis, treated with orbital exenteration, superficial parotidectomy, and radical neck dissection.
Clinical trials with a 22‐channel cochlear prosthesis
Authors: Cohen Noel L. , Waltzman Susan B. , Shapiro William H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractDuring 1984, six patients have been implanted with a 22‐channel cochlear prosthesis. The device features a programmable wearable speech processor using a speech feature encoding strategy. A strict clinical protocol was followed, and no patients have been lost to follow‐up. All patients are regular users of the device and have shown a restoration of hearing sensation in response to acoustic stimuli. Pure tone averages ranged from 20 to 47 dB HL and speech detection thresholds varied from 15 to 32.5 dB HL. All patients have shown a recognition of a large variety of environmental sounds, and an improvement in speech recognition ability when the device is used in conjunction with lipreading. Speech reception thresholds using spondee words without lipreading were obtained in three patients at levels of 27.5 to 55 dB HL and one patient had an open‐set speech discrimination score (w‐22 word list) of 42% without lipreading. In addition, two of the patients show an ability to have limited interactive conversation without the use of lipreading.
Untoward sequelae of prolonged intubation
Authors: Gaynor Edward B. , Greenberg Sheldon B. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractLaryngeal sequelae following prolonged endotracheal intubation are being observed with increasing frequency as this technique of airway management is being employed for extended periods of time. Many etiologic factors have been implicated in the development of these problems with the exact reasons being as yet unknown. After reviewing the records of 372 consecutive patients intubated over an 18‐month period, we have observed an increased frequency of these complications in the diabetic female patient and suggest that early tracheostomy should be considered in these individuals when the use of prolonged intubation is anticipated. The possible pathophysiology of this problem in the diabetic, as well as the non‐diabetic intubated patient, and its possible prevention will be discussed.
Nosocomial legionella pneumonia in a population of head and neck cancer patients
Authors: Johnson Jonas T. , Yu Victor L. , Wagner Robin L. , Best Michele G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA prospective study of nosocomial pneumonia following major head and neck surgery was conducted when it was recognized that Legionella contaminated the hospital water supply. Legionella pneumonia had not previously been diagnosed in our hospital.Every head and neck patient with nosocomial pneumonia had specialized tests performed. During the 18‐month study period, 29% of patients with nosocomial pneumonia (7 of 27) had evidence of legionellosis. The sero‐group of the infecting Legionella was the same as the Legionella in the water supply.Legionella was seen exclusively in patients with clinically evident aspiration. Legionella pneumonia was not demonstrated in patients undergoing laryngectomy. We conclude that specialized testing must be employed to avoid delay in diagnosis and failure to administer specific antibiotic therapy. Legionellosis may be underdiagnosed in hospitalized patients.
Intratemporal carotid artery bypass in resection of a base of skull tumor
Authors: Urken Mark L. , Biller Hugh F. , Haimov Moshe 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTumors of the skull base with carotid artery involvement have heretofore required carotid ligation or been deemed inoperable. Two case reports are presented in which en bloc resection of malignant base of skull tumors included removal of a portion of the internal carotid artery. In the first case, the tumor was primarily in the parapharyngeal space and extended to the base of skull. Partial temporal bone resection was carried out to obtain exposure for carotid reconstruction. The second case involved an en bloc temporal bone resection for a recurrent, malignant, mixed tumor that had invaded the carotid canal. Revascularization was achieved in both cases by an autogenous, saphenous vein graft. The patients suffered no postoperative ischemic neurologic sequelae.These are the first known cases of a carotid bypass with distal anastomosis to the intratemporal portion of the internal carotid artery for a malignant base of skull neoplasm. The authors propose this procedure as an alternative to carotid ligation during surgery of tumors of the skull base requiring carotid resection.
Central projections of primary vestibular fibers in the bullfrog. iii. the anterior semicircular canal afferents
Authors: Honrubia Vicente , Suarez Carlos , Kuruvilla Alexander , Sitko Stefan 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA study was made of the projection patterns in the vestibular nuclei of primary afferent fibers innervating the crista of the anterior semicircular canal (ASC) of the bullfrog. Individual neurons were intracellularly recorded to characterize their spontaneous activity and injected with horseradish peroxidase to visualize their central and peripheral projections. A quantitative evaluation was made of the lengths of the central projections of primary afferents in the various vestibular nuclei and of the number of branch terminals and their precise locations in each of the major vestibular projection areas in the brain stem.The differences between the central projection patterns of the two types of primary afferent fibers were documented: the thick fibers with their irregular spontaneous activity and the thin fibers with their more regular spontaneous activity. Each neuron sends many terminals to various vestibular nuclei. The ventral part of the ventral nucleus receives the greatest number of terminals from fibers of all sizes. The medial nucleus receives terminals from the thin fibers only, while the reticular formation receives terminals exclusively from the thick fibers. All the vestibular nuclei receive innervation from ASC afferents, with considerable overlap in areas of innervation between fibers of different caliber. Differences were found between the thick and thin fibers in their locations, their patterns of branching, and the appearance of their terminal boutons. These anatomic characteristics are interpreted to represent physiologic differences in the production of reflexes by thick and thin neurons. It is also postulated that these different neurons play different roles in vestibular system function: thick neurons contribute to the maintenance of equilibrium during movement while thin neurons participate in the maintenance of posture and vestibular tonus.
Otological and habilitative management of children with down syndrome
Authors: Pappas Dennis G. , Flexer Carol , Shackelford Linda 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIt has been well‐established that children with Down syndrome experience a high incidence of persistent conductive hearing loss because of their predisposition to stenosis of the external auditory canal (EAC), cerumen impaction, serous otitis media (SOM), and cholesteatoma. Because this hearing problem may be a primary cause of the spoken communication skills in these children being far below their cognitive ability, assertive management is required. The authors present an aggressive multi‐discipline treatment model that is instituted during the first year of life in an infant with Down syndrome. Reconstruction of the EAC, amplification technology, and speech/language intervention that emphasizes auditory‐verbal (A/V) therapy are discussed. In a pilot study, we compared the language development of six infants with Down syndrome who received aggressive treatment during their first year of life (group A) to six infants who did not (group B). The results showed age‐appropriate oral language development for the infants in group A.
Recurrences after endoscopic management of early (T1) glottic carcinoma
Authors: Thomas Jon V. , Olsen Kerry D. , Bryan Neel H. , Desanto Lawrence W. , Suman Vera J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFrom 1976 to 1986, 106 patients with early glottic carcinoma were managed endoscopically at our institution. Twenty‐four (23%) patients required re‐treatment of the larynx for local recurrences or new primary lesions after initial endoscopic management. The probability of remaining free of local recurrence 3 years after primary surgery was estimated to be 0.87 and, after 5 years, it was 0.81.Of the 24 patients who required re‐treatment of their larynx, 10 did so beyond 3 years, indicating a new second primary. In 1 patient who required re‐treatment within 3 years, a new primary developed on the opposite cord. Therefore, true local recurrences developed in 13 patients (12.3%); 3 of these patients (2.8%) ultimately required laryngectomy and 3 are dead (2.8%) with disease.
Fibular and iliac crest osteomuscular free flap reconstruction of the oral cavity
Authors: Haughey Bruce H. , Fredrickson John M. , Lerrick Andrew J. , Sclaroff Allen , Gay William D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA method for reconstruction of oral cavity soft tissues using segmentally or axially supplied free muscle flaps harvested as a unit with their bone components is presented. Both fibular/soleus and iliac crest/internal oblique free flaps are documented, and the pros and cons of each donor site are presented.Twenty‐one patients, 17 with cancer or osteoradionecrosis and 4 with benign or congenital conditions of the mandible, have undergone this operation. Ten bone grafts were simultaneously embedded with osseointegrated implants. All free flaps except one survived and resulted in a smoothly mucosalized oral lining. Six patients have had their implants successfully uncovered, all of whom are wearing prostheses. Four other patients are using tissue‐borne prostheses. Transfer of free, nonbulky muscle flaps for mucosalized oral soft‐tissue reconstruction is feasible in selected patients using first the fibular and, second, the iliac donor site; this soft‐tissue technique also contributes to prosthetic dental rehabilitation.
Computer‐assisted surgical techniques using the vanderbilt free electron laser
Authors: Reinisch Lou , Mendenhall Marcus , Charous Steve , Ossoff Robert H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe Vanderbilt Free Electron Laser (FEL) is capable of lasing between 2.0 and 8.0 μm with a high peak intensity pulsed structure. The FEL is used to investigate potential applications in otolaryngology. Charring of temporal bones and thermal stress patterns in Plexiglas indicate thermal buildup at 20 and 10 Hz repetition rates of the laser. Also, transient temperature changes measured with thermocouples in a gelatin model reveal that significant heat production occurs at these laser repetition rates. To utilize the fastest laser repetition rates and maintain minimal lateral thermal damage, a computer‐controlled scanning system was devised. The authors have also used the computer control with the carbon dioxide laser and experienced improved ablation.
Four‐year follow‐up after uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in 50 unselected patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Authors: Larsson L. Håkan , Carlsson‐Nordlander Britt , Svanborg Eva 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFifty unselected consecutive patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) diagnosed by nocturnal recordings of respiration movements by a static charge sensitive bed (SCSB) and oximetry, alone or combined with polysomnography, were studied. Renewed SCSB—oximetry recordings evaluated treatment. Six months after surgery, 30 of 50 were classified as responders. Twenty‐one months after surgery, 19 of 49 were responders. Patients who relapsed showed a significant increase in mean body mass index (BMI). Four years after surgery, 24 of 48 patients were responders. Preoperative BMI was significantly lower in the responder group. Subsequent treatment was required in 15 nonresponders. There was no correlation between patients' subjective improvement and objective results. The study resulted in the following conclusions: 1. The responder rate to UPPP in unselected patients is low. 2. Obesity and high indices of nocturnal respiratory disturbance are negative predictors. 3. The patients' subjective recovery alone must not be used for postoperative evaluation. 4. With regular follow‐up and the use of the treatment alternatives available today, the majority of OSAS patients can receive effective treatment.
Tuned‐Aperture Computed Tomography for Detection of Induced Mid‐Buccal/Lingual Alveolar Bone Defects
Authors: Nair M.K. , Bezik Jaklin 
Published: October 2006

Background: The detection of bone loss in mid‐buccal and lingual crests is impossible using conventional radiographs because of the superimposition of overlying anatomy and lack of three‐dimensional information. The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic efficacy of tuned‐aperture computed tomography (TACT) and conventional two‐dimensional direct digital radiography (DDR) in an in vitro environment.Methods: A total of 45 mandibular molars had 0.8‐mm lesions on mid‐buccal/lingual crestal areas. Half of the sites received defects, whereas the other half served as controls. Nine DDR images were used to generate TACT slices that were further subjected to iterative restoration (TACT‐IR). Eight observers used a confidence rating scale to record diagnoses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was done, and areas under the curves were computed (Az) as indicators of diagnostic accuracy. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test for effects of observer, imaging modality, and location on the detection of lesions.Results: TACT‐IR performed significantly better than DDR. There was a significant difference in the accuracy of diagnosis based on observers (P <0.001).Conclusion: TACT‐IR appears to be the imaging modality of choice for the detection of small osseous changes on crestal bone in mid‐buccal/lingual sites.
Experimental and numerical study of droplets hydrodynamics in microchannels
Authors: Sarrazin Flavie , Loubière Karine , Prat Laurent , Gourdon Christophe , Bonometti Thomas , Magnaudet Jacques 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis article reports on numerical simulations and experimental determination of the hydrodynamics of liquid–liquid flow in rectangular microchannels. The numerical method is an interface‐capturing technique without any interface reconstruction. Microparticle image velocimetry (micro‐PIV) measurements are used to obtain experimental velocity fields inside droplets that are compared to simulations. Finally, injecting a passive tracer in the simulated droplets also helps to obtain a better understanding of the mixing phenomenon. These results allow interpreting mixing defaults during bleaching experiments inside microdroplets. Furthermore, this study leads to important results about interface deformation and velocity fields inside the droplets and in the continuous phase for mass‐ and heat‐transfer studies. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
Cognitive dysfunction in β‐thalassemia minor
Authors: Nevruz Oral , Ulas Umit , Cetin Turker , Kutukcu Yasar , Kurekci Ahmet 
Published: October 2006

Abstractβ‐thalassemia minor is a common, hereditary, and mostly symptomless disease. Previous studies have shown that lower hemoglobin values are associated with poorer cognitive functions. We aimed to evaluate the cognitive function in patients with β‐thalassemia minor. Thirty‐two male subjects with β‐thalassemia minor and 32 sex‐, age‐, and education status‐matched healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Blood tests and P300 potentials were carried out. P300 potential latency in all patients was significantly longer than those in the control group (337.63 ± 34.89 msec and 310.66 ± 14.30 msec, respectively; t 4.046, P < 0.001). The amplitudes of P300 in patient group were significantly lower than those in the control group (5.19 ± 3.59 μV and 9.81 ± 3.33 μV, respectively; t 5.349, P < 0.001). In this study, we have found that P300 potentials are adversely affected for cognitive functions in patients with β‐thalassemia minor. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Environmental effects on skeletal versus dental development: Using a documented subadult skeletal sample to test a basic assumption in human osteological research
Authors: Cardoso Hugo F.V. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between measures of skeletal and dental development and socioeconomic factors in a 20th century documented skeletal sample of children from Portugal. The skeletons are of known sex and chronological age, and include other biographic data, such as cause of death. Growth in the length of the long bone is used as a measure of skeletal growth, and schedules of tooth formation are used as a measure of dental development. These two measures of physiological age were compared to chronological age, to assess growth and developmental status. Socioeconomic indicators were obtained from the supporting documentation, and include the occupation of the father and the place of residence, which were used to build a socioeconomic classification based on two groups, one of low and the other of high socioeconomic status. Growth and development status was then compared in these two groups. Results show that socioeconomic differences are much more pronounced in skeletal growth than in dental development. This largely supports the assertion that dental development is buffered against environmental factors relative to skeletal development. However, in this study, skeletal maturation could not be assessed, and findings indicate that dental development can show significant delays at the lower end of the socioeconomic gradient. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mineralization of the mandibular third molar: A study of American blacks and whites
Authors: Harris Edward F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe tempo of tooth mineralization is under significant genetic control, and the orderly progression of morphological changes—in concert with the long span during growth in which teeth form—makes “dental age” a useful measure of a person's degree of biological maturity. The third molar is of particular interest because (1) it is the last and most variable tooth to form and (2) it is the only tooth to complete formation after puberty, which has made it attractive in forensic and legal circles as an estimator of adulthood. Age standards are described here for mandibular third molar formation stages in a cross‐sectional sample of 4,010 persons (age range: 3–25 years), with proportionate sample sizes of American blacks and whites and males and females. Formation was scored against the 15‐grade ordinal scheme of Moorrees, and descriptive statistics were computed using proportional hazards survival analysis. Blacks achieved each formation stage significantly ahead of whites, but not in a uniform manner. Instead, there was an enhanced advancement in blacks during crown formation and during late stages of root formation. In both races formation proceeded faster in males, which is unique for the third molar, as prior studies suggest. Sample variance increases with the stage of formation, such that 95% confidence limits span 8 or more years for root formation stages. Consequently, the third molar provides a rough gauge of an individual's chronological age, but the considerable variability precludes any precise estimate, particularly in late adolescence where most forensic interest has focused. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.