bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of Acculturation and Socioeconomic Status With Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Lutsey Pamela L. , Diez Roux Ana V. , Jacobs David R. , Burke Gregory L. , Harman Jane , Shea Steven , Folsom Aaron R. 
Published: May 2008

Objectives. We assessed whether markers of acculturation (birthplace and number of US generations) and socioeconomic status (SES) are associated with markers of subclinical cardiovascular disease—carotid artery plaque, internal carotid intima-media thickness, and albuminuria—in 4 racial/ethnic groups. Methods. With data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (n = 6716 participants aged 45–84 years) and race-specific binomial regression models, we computed prevalence ratios adjusted for demographics and traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Results. The adjusted US- to foreign-born prevalence ratio for carotid plaque was 1.20 (99% confidence interval [CI] = 0.97, 1.39) among Whites, 1.91 (99% CI = 0.94, 2.94) among Chinese, 1.62 (99% CI = 1.28, 2.06) among Blacks, and 1.23 (99% CI = 1.15, 1.31) among Hispanics. Greater carotid plaque prevalence was found among Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics with a greater number of generations with US residence (P < .001) and among Whites with less education and among Blacks with lower incomes. Similar associations were observed with intima-media thickness. There was also evidence of an inverse association between albuminuria and SES among Whites and Hispanics. Conclusions. Greater US acculturation and lower SES were associated with a higher prevalence of carotid plaque and greater intima-media thickness but not with albuminuria. Maintenance of healthful habits among recent immigrants should be encouraged.
Hypothalamic Protein Kinase C Regulates Glucose Production
Authors: Ross Rachel , Wang Penny Y.T. , Chari Madhu , Lam Carol K.L. , Caspi Liora , Ono Hiraku , Muse Evan D. , Li Xiaosong , Gutierrez-Juarez Roger , Light Peter E. , Schwartz Gary J. , Rossetti Luciano , Lam Tony K.T. 
Published: May 2008

OBJECTIVE—A selective rise in hypothalamic lipid metabolism and the subsequent activation of SUR1/Kir6.2 ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels inhibit hepatic glucose production. The mechanisms that link the ability of hypothalamic lipid metabolism to the activation of KATP channels remain unknown.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—To examine whether hypothalamic protein kinase C (PKC) mediates the ability of central nervous system lipids to activate KATP channels and regulate glucose production in normal rodents, we first activated hypothalamic PKC in the absence or presence of KATP channel inhibition. We then inhibited hypothalamic PKC in the presence of lipids. Tracer-dilution methodology in combination with the pancreatic clamp technique was used to assess the effect of hypothalamic administrations on glucose metabolism in vivo.
RESULTS—We first reported that direct activation of hypothalamic PKC via direct hypothalamic delivery of PKC activator 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol (OAG) suppressed glucose production. Coadministration of hypothalamic PKC-δ inhibitor rottlerin with OAG prevented the ability of OAG to activate PKC-δ and lower glucose production. Furthermore, hypothalamic dominant-negative Kir6.2 expression or the delivery of the KATP channel blocker glibenclamide abolished the glucose production-lowering effects of OAG. Finally, inhibition of hypothalamic PKC eliminated the ability of lipids to lower glucose production.
CONCLUSIONS—These studies indicate that hypothalamic PKC activation is sufficient and necessary for lowering glucose production.
Charge form factor and cluster structure of the 6Li nucleus
Authors: Krumova Galina , Tomasi-Gustafsson Egle , Antonov Anton 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
The charge form factor of the 6Li nucleus is considered on the basis of its cluster structure. The charge density of 6Li is presented as a superposition of two terms. One of them is a folded density and the second one is a sum of the 4He and deuteron densities. Using the available experimental data for 4He and deuteron charge form factors, a satisfactory agreement of the calculations within the suggested scheme is obtained with the experimental data for the charge form factor of 6Li, including those in the region of large transferred momenta.
First arrival dates of the Nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos) to Central Croatia in the early 20th century and at the turn of the 21st century
Authors: Kralj Jelena , Dolenec Zdravko 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
Global climate change has important impacts on animal life-cycles. One of the responses to global warming is an earlier arrival time of many migratory bird species. The first arrival date of the Nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos) in Central Croatia was studied for the periods of 1901–1917 and 1991–2005. Data were derived from the first spring observations and first capture data. A statistically significant advance of 11 ± 1.4 days was recorded. The difference in the mean April temperature between two study periods was significant, while changes in NAO winter index were not significant. Adequate data from the beginning of the 20th century exist; however, recent studies were done on a relatively short-term basis. Therefore, the analysis of two discrete datasets may help to fill the gaps in the knowledge about the climate change response.
Comparison of octenidine dihydrochloride (Octenisept®), polihexanide (Prontosan®) and povidon iodine (Betadine®) for topical antibacterial effects in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-contaminated, full-skin thickness burn wounds in rats
Authors: Uygur Fatih , Özyurt Mustafa , Evinç Rahmi , Hosbul Tugrul , Çeliköz Bahattin , Haznedaroglu Tuncer 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most frequently isolated organisms from infected burn wounds and a significant cause of nosocomial infection and septic mortality among burn patients. In this animal study, three antiseptic agents which were Octenidine dihydrochloride (Octenisept®, Schülke & Mayr, Norderstedt, Germany), polyhexanide (Prontosan®, B. Braun, Melsungen AG, Germany) and povidon iodine (Betadine, Purdue Pharma L.P, Stamford, USA) were compared to assess the antiseptic effect of their applications on experimental burn wounds in in rats contaiminated with P. aeruginosa. All treatment modalities were effective against P. aeruginosa because there were significant differences between treatment groups and control groups. The mean eschar concentrations were not different between polyhexanide and povidon iodine groups, but there were significant differences between the octenidine dihydrochloride group and the other treatment groups, indicating that the Octenidine dihydrochloride significantly eliminated P. aeruginosa more effectively in the tissues compared to the to other agents. All treatment modalities were sufficient to prevent the P. aeruginosa invasion into the muscle and to cause systemic infection. In conclusion, Octenidine dihydrochloride is the most effective antiseptic agent in the treatment of the P. aeruginosa-contaminated burn wounds; Octenidine dihydrochloride can be considered as a treatment choice because of its peculiar ability of limit the frequency of replacing wound dressings.
CD8+ cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma successfully treated with bexarotene: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Gopaluni Srivalli , Perzova Raiza , Abbott Lynn , Farah Ramsey , Shrimpton Anthony , Hutchison Robert , Poiesz Bernard J. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractCD8+ cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a relatively rare subset of the non‐Hodgkins lymphomas. Bexarotene has been FDA‐approved for the treatment of CTCL, but previous studies have been conducted on CD4+ CTL and there have been no reports about its use in CD8+ CTCL. Herein, we report on a patient whose CD8+ CTCL completely responded to treatment with bexarotene. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
No association between tagging SNPs of SNARE complex genes (STX1A, VAMP2 and SNAP25) and schizophrenia in a Japanese population
Authors: Kawashima Kunihiro , Kishi Taro , Ikeda Masashi , Kitajima Tsuyoshi , Yamanouchi Yoshio , Kinoshita Yoko , Takahashi Nagahide , Saito Shinichi , Ohi Kazutaka , Yasuda Yuka , Hashimoto Ryota , Takeda Masatoshi , Inada Toshiya , Ozaki Norio , Iwata Nakao 
Published: May 2008

AbstractAbnormalities in neural connections and the neurotransmitter system appear to be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The soluble N‐ethylmaleimide‐sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex, which consists of Syntaxin1A, vesicle‐associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2) and synaptosomal‐associated protein 25 kDa (SNAP25), plays an important role in the neurotransmitter system, and is therefore an attractive place to search for candidate genes for schizophrenia. We conducted a two‐stage genetic association analysis of Syntaxin1A (STX1A), VAMP2 and SNAP25 genes with schizophrenia (first‐set screening samples: 377 cases and 377 controls, second‐set confirmation samples: 657 cases and 527 controls). Based on the linkage disequilibrium, 40 SNPs (STX1A, 8 SNPs; VAMP2, 3 SNPs; SNAP25, 29 SNPs) were selected as ‘tagging SNPs’. Only nominally significant associations of an SNP (rs12626080) and haplotype (rs363014 and rs12626080) in SNAP25 were detected in the first‐set screening scan. To validate this significance, we carried out a replication analysis of these SNP and haplotype associations in second‐set samples with a denser set of markers (including five additional SNPs). However, these associations could not be confirmed in the second‐set analysis. These results suggest that the SNARE complex‐related genes do not play a major role in susceptibility to schizophrenia in the Japanese population. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dynamic rheological and morphological study of the compatibility of thermoplastic polyurethane/ethylene–octene copolymer blends
Authors: Yang Jin , Chen Xudong , Fu Ruowen , Zhang Mingqiu , Chen Haibin , Wang Jiasheng 
Published: May 2008

AbstractTwo grafted ethylene–octene copolymers [POEs; i.e., POE‐g‐maleic anhydried (MAH) and aminated POE (denoted by POE‐g‐NH2) were used as compatibilizers in immiscible blends of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and POE. The effects of the compatibilizers on the dynamic rheological properties and morphologies of the TPU/POE blends were investigated. The characteristic rheological behaviors of the blends indicated that the strong interactions between the two phases were due to the compatibilization. Microstructural observation confirmed that the compatibilizers were located at the interface in the blends and formed a stable interfacial layer and smaller dispersed phase particle size. Compared with POE‐g‐MAH, POE‐g‐NH2 exhibited a better compatibilization effect in the TPU/POE blends. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
The impact of momentary pain and fatigue on physical activity in women with osteoarthritis
Authors: Murphy Susan L. , Smith Dylan M. , Clauw Daniel J. , Alexander Neil B. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the daily life patterns of both pain and fatigue symptoms and objective physical activity (using ambulatory monitoring) in women with symptomatic lower extremity osteoarthritis (OA), and to evaluate how momentary symptoms impact physical activity levels.MethodsSixty women age ≥55 years (40 with knee or hip OA and 20 matched controls) participated in an observational study involving 2 laboratory visits and a 5‐day home data collection period. During the home period physical activity levels were assessed continuously, and symptoms were inputted 6 times a day into an enhanced accelerometer at prespecified time points.ResultsIn the OA group as compared with the control group over the 5‐day period, average physical activity was significantly lower (P = 0.02) and peak physical activity tended to be lower (P = 0.06). Although pain and fatigue overall were of moderate severity in this cohort, fatigue escalated throughout each day. In a hierarchical linear model, fatigue was most strongly associated with physical activity (β = −30.1, P < 0.0001). Pain was more weakly associated with physical activity and in the direction opposite to what was hypothesized (β = 16.9, P = 0.04).ConclusionMomentary reports of fatigue negatively predicted physical activity levels and were much more strongly related to physical activity than momentary pain. In order to help women with knee or hip OA manage symptoms and become more physically active, it may be important to emphasize fatigue management.
Abnormal body composition phenotypes in older rheumatoid arthritis patients: Association with disease characteristics and pharmacotherapies
Authors: Giles Jon T. , Ling Shari M. , Ferrucci Luigi , Bartlett Susan J. , Andersen Ross E. , Towns Marilyn , Muller Denis , Fontaine Kevin R. , Bathon Joan M. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo compare measures of body fat and lean mass and the prevalence of abnormal body composition phenotypes (sarcopenia, overfat, and sarcopenic obesity) in men and women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) versus matched controls, and to explore the disease‐related predictors of abnormal body composition in patients with RA.MethodsA total of 189 men and women with RA and 189 age‐, sex‐, and race‐matched non‐RA controls underwent dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry for measurement of total and regional body fat and lean mass. Continuous and categorical measures of body composition were compared between RA and control subjects by sex and according to categories of body mass index (BMI). Within the group of RA patients, demographic, lifestyle, and RA disease and treatment characteristics were compared for RA patients with healthy body composition versus those with abnormal body composition phenotypes.ResultsCompared with non‐RA controls, RA status was significantly associated with greater odds of sarcopenia, overfat, and sarcopenic obesity in women, but not in men. Relative differences in body composition phenotypes between RA and control subjects were greatest for patients in the normal weight BMI category (<25 kg/m2). Among RA characteristics, increasing joint deformity, self‐reported disability scores, C‐reactive protein levels, rheumatoid factor seropositivity, and a lack of current treatment with disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs were significantly associated with abnormal body composition.ConclusionAbnormal body composition phenotypes are overrepresented in patients with RA, particularly in those in the normal weight BMI range. RA‐associated disease and treatment characteristics contribute to this increase in abnormal body composition.
A versatile chiral selector for determination of enantiomeric composition of fluorescent and nonfluorescent chiral molecules using steady‐state fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Williams Alicia A. , Fakayode Sayo O. , Lowry Mark , Warner Isiah M. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA fluorescent chiral molecular micelle (FCMM), poly (sodium N‐undecanoyl‐L‐phenylalaninate) (poly‐L‐SUF), was developed as a chiral selector for enantiomeric recognition and determination of enantiomeric composition of four fluorescent and four nonfluorescent chiral molecules by use of steady‐state fluorescence spectroscopy. The influence of FCMM concentration, buffer pH and complexation medium on FCMM‐analyte host–guest complexation, and the emission spectral properties of the resulting complexes were investigated. The chiral interactions of the analytes,1,1′‐binaphthyl‐2,2′‐diamine, 1‐(9‐anthryl)‐2,2,2‐trifluoroethanol, propranolol, naproxen, chloromethyl menthyl ether (CME), citramalic acid, tartaric acid, and limonene (LIM), in the presence of poly‐L‐SUF were based on diastereomeric complex formation. The figures of merit obtained from the partial‐least‐squares regression modeling of the calibration samples suggested good prediction ability for the validation of six of the eight chiral analytes. Better host–guest complexation of the more hydrophobic molecules, CME and LIM, were obtained in methanol/water mixtures, resulting in better predictability of the regression models. Prediction ability of the models was evaluated by use of the root‐mean‐square percent relative error (RMS%RE) and was found to range from 1.77 to 15.80% (buffer), 1.26 to 7.95% (25:75 methanol/water), and 1.21 to 4.28% (75:25 methanol/water). Chirality, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Single‐molecule chiroptical spectroscopy: Fluorescence excitation of individual helicene molecules in polymer‐supported thin‐films
Authors: Hassey Ruthanne , McCarthy Kevin D. , Swain Ellen , Basak Dipankar , Venkataraman Dhandapani , Barnes Michael D. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWe present results of fluorescence excitation circular dichroism studies of the chiroptical response of single (bridged triarylamine) helicene molecules immobilized at a polymer interface. We extract directly dissymmetry parameters, and corresponding probability distributions, associated with the single‐molecule fluorescence excitation associated with modulation of a circular polarized excitation field for three different excitation wavelengths (405, 440, 457 nm) showing circular dichroism in bulk films. The observed single molecule chiroptical response is anomalously large in comparison with the results of time‐dependent density functional calculations, and the observed defocused emission patterns seem to indicate a higher multipole nature to the transition probed. Our results provide new insights into chiroptical properties of chiral fluorophores that are hidden under the extensive averaging associated with conventional chiroptical probes. Chirality, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
C–C Coupling Reactions of Pentacarbonyl(trifluoroethenyl isocyanide)chromium with Cyclopentadienyl Complexes
Authors: Lentz Dieter , Mujkic Monika , Roth Stefanie 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe nucleophic attack of the trifluoroethenyl group of pentacarbonyl(trifluoroethenyl isocyanide)chromium 2 by various cyclopentadienyl ligand containing nucleophiles 1a–f allow an efficient synthesis of functionalized cyclopentadienyl complexes 3a–f. Extension of this method to 1,1′‐dilithioferrocene (4a) and 1,1′‐dilithioruthenocene (4b) yields the difunctionalized derivatives 5a and b, respectively. In general compounds of type 3 and 5 are obtained as mixtures of the E and Z isomers. The crystal and molecular structures of Z‐3a, Z‐3b, Z‐3c and E,Z‐5a were elucidated by X‐ray diffraction. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Formation of L‐Threonic Acid from L‐Ascorbic Acid Oxidative Ring Opening and its Coordination to PtII: X‐ray Crystal Structures of [Pt(threonato‐O,O′)(PPh3)2] and [Pt(oxalato)(PPh3)2]
Authors: Bergamini Paola , Marchesi Elena , Marchi Andrea , Bertolasi Valerio , Fogagnolo Marco , Canella Alessandro 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe oxidative ring opening of L‐ascorbic acid was obtained in three steps giving oxalic and L‐threonic acid. The reactions of these acids with the carbonate complex [Pt(CO)3(PPh3)2] yielded two PtII chelates, [Pt(oxalato)(PPh3)2] and the new complex [Pt(threonato‐O,O′)(PPh3)2], respectively. The X‐ray crystal structures of both complexes were determined. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Metal Complexes with Mono‐ and Bis{[bis(2‐pyridyl)amino]carbonyl}ferrocene Ligands
Authors: Aguado Javier E. , Crespo Olga , Gimeno M. Concepción , Jones Peter G. , Laguna Antonio , Nieto Yolanda 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe ligands {[bis(2‐pyridyl)amino]carbonyl}ferrocene (L1) and 1,1′‐bis{[bis(2‐pyridyl)amino]carbonyl}ferrocene (L2) have been prepared by treatment of the mono‐ or 1,1′‐bis(chlorocarbonyl)ferrocene derivatives with dipyridylamine in a 1:1 or 1:2 ratio, respectively. The ligand properties of these compounds towards group 11 and palladium complexes have been studied. Ligand L1 coordinates to these compounds to give four‐coordinate [Cu(L1)2]+, [PdCl2(L1)] and [Ag(OTf)(L1)(PR3)] or three‐coordinate [Ag(OTf)(L1)] and [Au(C6F5)(L1)] compounds. The ligand coordinates in a chelate fashion in all cases. The reactivity of L2 is somewhat different because coordination to copper or silver atoms can take place through several pyridine units either from different cyclopentadienido rings, as in [Cu(L2)]+, [Ag2(OTf)2(L2)] and [Ag(OTf)(L2)(PPh3)], or from the same cyclopentadienido ring, as in [Ag2(OTf)2(L2)(PPh3)2]. Coordination as a bridging ligand for four gold atoms has also been achieved in [Au4(C6F5)4(L2)] and [Au4(L2)(PPh3)4](OTf)4. The ligands and some complexes have been characterized by X‐ray diffraction studies and show the presence of several hydrogen bonds that lead to supramolecular structures.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Aminocyclitols
Authors: Delgado Antonio 
Published: May 2008

AbstractAminocyclitols are a group of natural products with remarkable biological activities. Over the last years, significant efforts have been made to develop synthetic methodologies directed not only towards their total synthesis but also towards the design of structural analogues with improved or novel biological properties. The aim of this review is to provide the reader with a concise update of the most relevant methods for the synthesis of aminocyclitols described in the literature. The review is organized according to the methodologies used for the construction of the aminocyclitol framework. These methodologies include chemoenzymatic approaches, intramolecular cyclizations, reactions of cyclitol derivatives with nitrogen nucleophiles, and rearrangement reactions.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
4′‐Hydrazone Derivatives of 2,2′:6′,2"‐Terpyridine: Protonation and Substituent Effects
Authors: Beves Jonathon E. , Constable Edwin C. , Housecroft Catherine E. , Neuburger Markus , Schaffner Silvia , Zampese Jennifer A. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractFour 4′‐hydrazone derivatives of 2,2′:6′,2"‐terpyridine which vary in their N‐ and C‐substitution in the R′NN=CRPh unit have been prepared and structurally characterized. Protonation studies and solution behaviour of these compounds are described, as well as representative crystal structures of mono‐ and diprotonated derivatives. In the solid‐state structures of each neutral compound, the tpy domain adopts the anticipated trans,trans‐conformation, and intramolecular steric factors compete with π‐stacking effects to control the amount to which the C‐phenyl substituent twists out of the plane of the tpy unit. When R′ = H, the imine NH group engages in hydrogen bonding interactions in the solid state, except where R = Ph. In solution, variable temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy shows that on going from R = Me to Ph (with R′ = H), the barrier to rotation about the Cpy–Nimine bond increases; with R = R′ = H, the hydrogen bonding capabilities of the solvent to the imine NH influence this dynamic process. In the N‐methyl derivative (R = H and R′ = Me), rotation about the Cpy–Nimine bond is facile at room temperature. Protonation of the derivative with R = R′ = H results in an increase in the activation barrier to rotation, consistent with a greater π‐contribution to the Cpy–Nimine bond. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)