bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving Livelihoods for Independent Smallholders by Yield Intensification through Good Agricultural Practices
Authors: Ramachandran V , Donough C , Soontat C , Ratnam M , Mohamad R , Azahar S , Hashim A , Teh K S , Mansor H , Oberthür T , Ata A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Center for Sustainable Small-owners (CSS) was established to improve the livelihoods of Independent Smallholder (ISH) of oil palm ensuring ethical and responsible production of oil palm with commitments to no deforestation, no new plantation on peatlands, and no exploitation (NDPE) in the supply chain. CSS has a two-pronged approach i.e. improving livelihoods through yield intensification while sourcing responsibly ensuring ethical and sustainable oil palm production and ensuring sustainability through certification and compliance while empowering communities through farmer associations to safeguard their interests. This study focuses on livelihood improvement. It quantifies an increase in yield and profitability with farmer-implementation of good agricultural practice (GAP) and dissemination of these GAPs across the wider ISH community. This is operationalized by establishing Learning Farms (LeFa) in two tiers, with tier one comprising Core LeFa where appropriate GAP are implemented by the participating ISH and improved yield and farm profit are compared to respective control of Check farms. To facilitate diffusion of the GAP knowledge from tier one to the wider ISH community, tier two comprising of Primary LeFa which do not have matching control farms are used. After three years of GAP implementation, the cumulative revenue for the longest running LeFa cohort is found to be 41% higher than the corresponding Check farm group. There was an additional return of 239% on every additional unit spent on core farms compared to Check farms.
Mainstreaming gender role in oil palm villages in achieving SDGs
Authors: Azahari D H , Ratri S , Amalia R 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The expansion of oil palm development in Indonesia changes the role of women in livelihood security, including their role as members of civil society. Some issues that continued to arise are related to the participation of women in oil palm and the overall need for more women in SDGs achievement. Significantly, palm oils play a significant role in achieving these SDGs, though the exact contribution that palm oils have to the SDGs remains unclear. Gender disparities in the labor market are mainly attributable to deeply entrenched stereotypes that restrain women from caregiving and men from breadwinning. Understanding the need to address the social norm, this paper aims to benchmark (i) the inclusivity of the role of women and asset ownership, (ii) achievement in some SDGs targets, and (iii) women’s participation in development Issues. The analysis is based on literature studies and field information from 2 villages in West Kalimantan. The study results show that the mixture of conventional and progressive values among women is quite significant. It was found that equal opportunity between men and women is in place within both villages, especially in terms of education, wages, and job distribution, even though some small numbers of women still face inequality to some degree. Unfortunately, women’s involvement in various crucial platforms is still considerably low, such as conflict management and resolution in more extensive settings. Women have more decision-making power in the household than in workplaces or village governance. Regarding child labor, human rights violations, and environmental damages, the vast majority said those things never happened.
Surface slicing and toolpath planning for in-situ bioprinting of skin implants
Authors: Chaudhry Muhammad Salman , Czekanski Aleksander 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Bioprinting has emerged as a successful method for fabricating engineered tissue implants, offering great potential for wound healing applications. This study focuses on an advanced surface-based slicing approach aimed at designing a skin implant specifically for in-situ bioprinting. The slicing step plays a crucial role in determining the layering arrangement of the tissue during printing. By utilizing surface slicing, a significant shift from planar fabrication methods is achieved. The developed methodology involves the utilization of a customized robotic printer to deliver biomaterials. A multilayer slicing and toolpath generation procedure is presented, enabling the fabrication of skin implants that incorporate the epidermal, dermal, and hypodermal layers. One notable advantage of using the approximate representation of the native wound site surface as the slicing surface is the avoidance of planar printing effects such as staircasing. This surface slicing method allows for the design of non-planar and ultra-thin skin implants, ensuring a higher degree of geometric match between the implant and the wound interface. Furthermore, the proposed methodology demonstrates superior surface quality of the in-situ bio-printed implant on a hand model, validating its ability to create toolpaths on implants with complex surfaces.
Engineering pre-vascularized 3D tissue and rapid vascular integration with host blood vessels via co-cultured spheroids-laden hydrogel
Authors: Kwon Hyunseok , Lee Sangmin , Byun Hayeon , Huh Seung Jae , Lee Eunjin , Kim Eunhyung , Lee Jinkyu , Shin Heungsoo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Recent advances in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering have enabled the biofabrication of three-dimensional (3D) tissue analogues with the potential for use in transplants and disease modeling. However, the practical use of these biomimetic tissues has been hindered by the challenge posed by reconstructing anatomical-scale micro-vasculature tissues. In this study, we suggest that co-cultured spheroids within hydrogels hold promise for regenerating highly vascularized and innervated tissues, both in vitro and in vivo. Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) and human umbilical vein cells (HUVECs) were prepared as spheroids, which were encapsulated in gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels to fabricate a 3D pre-vascularized tissue. The vasculogenic responses, extracellular matrix production, and remodeling depending on parameters like co-culture ratio, hydrogel strength, and pre-vascularization time for in vivo integration with native vessels were then delicately characterized. The co-cultured spheroids with 3:1 ratio (hADSCs/HUVECs) within the hydrogel and with a pliable storage modulus showed the greatest vasculogenic potential, and ultimately formed in vitro arteriole-scale vasculature with a longitudinal lumen structure and a complex vascular network after long-term culturing. Importantly, the pre-vascularized tissue also showed anastomotic vascular integration with host blood vessels after transplantation, and successful vascularization that was positive for both CD31 and alpha-smooth muscle actin covering 18.6 ± 3.6 μm2 of the luminal area. The described co-cultured spheroids-laden hydrogel can therefore serve as effective platform for engineering 3D vascularized complex tissues.
Using a micro-device with a deformable ceiling to probe stiffness heterogeneities within 3D cell aggregates
Authors: Jain Shreyansh , Belkadi Hiba , Michaut Arthur , Sart Sébastien , Gros Jérôme , Genet Martin , Baroud Charles N 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Recent advances in the field of mechanobiology have led to the development of methods to characterise single-cell or monolayer mechanical properties and link them to their functional behaviour. However, there remains a strong need to establish this link for three-dimensional (3D) multicellular aggregates, which better mimic tissue function. Here we present a platform to actuate and observe many such aggregates within one deformable micro-device. The platform consists of a single polydimethylsiloxane piece cast on a 3D-printed mould and bonded to a glass slide or coverslip. It consists of a chamber containing cell spheroids, which is adjacent to air cavities that are fluidically independent. Controlling the air pressure in these air cavities leads to a vertical displacement of the chamber’s ceiling. The device can be used in static or dynamic modes over time scales of seconds to hours, with displacement amplitudes from a few µm to several tens of microns. Further, we show how the compression protocols can be used to obtain measurements of stiffness heterogeneities within individual co-culture spheroids, by comparing image correlations of spheroids at different levels of compression with finite element simulations. The labelling of the cells and their cytoskeleton is combined with image correlation methods to relate the structure of the co-culture spheroid with its mechanical properties at different locations. The device is compatible with various microscopy techniques, including confocal microscopy, which can be used to observe the displacements and rearrangements of single cells and neighbourhoods within the aggregate. The complete experimental and imaging platform can now be used to provide multi-scale measurements that link single-cell behaviour with the global mechanical response of the aggregates.
Grewia tenax bark extract mediated silver nanoparticles as an antibacterial, antibiofilm and antifungal agent
Authors: Yadav Priyanka , Jain Shalini , Nimesh Surendra , Gupta Nidhi , Chatterjee Sreemoyee 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Grewia tenax plant possesses many medicinal qualities that can be harnessed for bio-applications via nanotechnology in a cost-effective and environment-friendly manner. The synthesised silver nanoparticles (GTB-AgNPs) from Grewia tenax bark extract were first detected by observing the change in colour from yellowish brown to dark brown and confirmed by UV–vis spectroscopy. UV–vis spectral analysis recorded the surface plasmon resonance at 420 nm. In the current research, several process parameters (time, temperature, concentration of AgNO3 and the ratio of extract to AgNO3) were adjusted by using one variable at a time (OVAT) approach. Spectroscopy accompanied by dynamic light scattering (DLS), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) determines the size, nature, morphological variations and chemical constituents of GTB-AgNPs. The size range was found within 35−45 nm and the image clearly showed that the GTB-AgNPs were spherical in shape and well dispersed in nature. Zeta potential and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were done to analyse GTB-AgNPs stability, dispersion and the biomolecules in aqueous bark extract liable for the bioreduction of silver particles. These GTB-AgNPs showed excellent antibacterial action against Gram-positive (S. aureus and B. subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (P. aeruginosa and E. coli) which was observed by disc diffusion assay. Congo red agar plate (CRA) assay effectively unveiled the antibiofilm proficiency of the particles. These studies displayed a reduction in bacterial sustainability and the formation of exopolysaccharides. Disc diffusion assay confirmed the antifungal competency against A. niger and C. albicans. SEM was performed to elucidate the intracellular breakage and morphological transformations in cells of Gram-positive bacteria and fungi after treatment with GTB-AgNPs. The current study, therefore, enlightened applications of GTB-AgNPs as an efficient antimicrobial agent and applicable substitute in the pharmaceutical area.
Introduction
Authors: Bascom Ben 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Introduction explains why focusing on the eccentric, singular, and wayward can dislodge the impulse to secure larger formations of belonging in the United States. The messes, ignominies, and cultural failures of the figures in this study highlight the desire to ground abstract norms into the mythologized lives of the so-called founding generation. By excavating the lives and writings of individuals who sought cultural significance but were ignored (both then and now), this chapter reframes the impact of republicanism as a descriptive model for early U.S. cultural significance; theorizes how archival singularity—or the feeling of being drawn to the strange and eccentric within the dust heaps of history—offers an explanatory model for various levels of cultural production, from Benjamin Franklin to the weirdos who failingly aspired to his significance; and illuminates the centrality of queerness as a cultural model for understanding the elisions and absences that structure understandings of the early United States.
Commemorative Impulses in the “Heart of America”: Kansas City, the Great War, and Theodore Dreiser’s An American Tragedy
Authors: Dodman Trevor , Campion Corey 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Given the importance of Kansas City in post-WWI American commemorative discourse, the setting of Book One of Theodore Dreiser’s An American Tragedy (1925) is striking, yet remains underexamined. Approaching the novel’s Kansas City setting through a spatial lens, however, resituates the narrative within the nation’s memorial culture and reveals its antimemorial qualities. Ironically, An American Tragedy critiques postwar commemorative culture by eliding references to the war and its memorial aftermath and presenting instead a narrative set in Kansas City, the postwar commemorative center of the US. In this way, the novel indirectly meditates upon three topics that resounded in the mid-1920s: commemorative spaces, silences, and inequities. Indeed, the novel presents a tragic series of linked figures who ironically evoke real postwar experiences: a young man whose life is destroyed after his involvement in the taking of human lives, mothers mourning the losses of their children, and veterans whose postwar lives of hardship and violence fall far short of memorial ideals. In this article, we argue for the significance of Kansas City in Dreiser’s work, especially as it links his perhaps most enduring novel to US practices and patterns of World War I memory making.
Cell-free translation system with artificial lipid-monolayer particles as a unique tool for characterizing lipid-monolayer binding proteins
Authors: Kuroiwa Fu , Suda Hiraku , Yabuki Maho , Atsuzawa Kimie , Yamaguchi Haruhiko , Toyota Masatsugu , Kaneko Yasuko , Yamashita Satoshi , Takahashi Seiji , Tozawa Yuzuru 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Methods for functional analysis of proteins specifically localizing to lipid monolayers such as rubber particles and lipid droplets are limited. We have succeeded in establishing a system in which artificially prepared lipid monolayer particles are added to a cell-free translation system to confirm the properties of proteins that specifically bind to lipid monolayers in a translation-coupled manner.
Evolution and plasticity of physiological traits in the collembolan Orchesella villosa at fine spatial scales within the city
Authors: Prileson Eric G , Martin Ryan A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Divergent natural selection caused by spatial environmental variation can lead to local adaptation and evolutionary divergence between populations, even those within close proximity to one another. This, however, is only one possibility among other outcomes, such as the evolution of adaptive phenotypic plasticity or local maladaptation. Cities, as fragmented landscapes with high environmental variability across microgeographic scales, present an excellent venue to explore these possible outcomes. Here, we use common garden experiments to explore the potential for microgeographic divergence of physiological traits among populations of a collembolan, Orchesella villosa, living within the footprint of a single city. We assessed if intra-urban variation in the intensity of the heat island effect and soil salinity has led to evolutionary divergence in heat tolerance and salinity tolerance, respectively. While we found little variation in salinity tolerance among populations, there was evidence for both plasticity and evolutionary divergence among populations in response to variation in the urban heat island. Although the adaptive nature of these specific responses is not known, we suggest that cities, and human modified habitats in general, promote evolutionary divergence at small spatial scales by creating barriers to dispersal and imposing divergent selective environments within previously contiguous habitats.
Judges as Agents of Coloniality: Understanding the Coloniality of Justice at the Pre-trial Stage in Brazil
Authors: Khan Omar Phoenix 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper exposes how colonial ways of knowing and being shape judicial behaviour in Brazil, where pre-trial detention is excessively used against racialised groups. I argue that judges continue to conceptualise and operationalise justice according to colonial logics and thus reveal the coloniality of justice. Drawing on decolonial theory from across South America and from interviews and court observations in Rio de Janeiro, I reveal how judges understand themselves as heroic crime fighters, acting beyond the law in a modern moral crusade. I examine how violence remains a central component of justice and consider how judges deal with the contradiction of neutrality and aggression. I argue that judges, by endorsing or tolerating violence, become agents of coloniality.
Chemoembolization as first-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma invading segmental portal vein with tumour burden limited to a monosegmental level
Authors: Hwang Hyeonseung , Kim Jin Hyoung , Ko Eunbyeol , Kim Jeong-Yeon , Ko Heung-Kyu , Gwon Dong Il , Shin Ji Hoon , Kim Gun Ha , Chu Hee Ho 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumour thrombosis (PVTT) confined to a monosegment of the liver.

Methods
A total of 192 treatment-naive patients who received chemoembolization between March 2008 and January 2023 as a first-line treatment for locally advanced HCC with PVTT limited to a monosegment were retrospectively analysed. Overall survival (OS) and the identification of pretreatment risk factors related to OS were investigated using Cox regression analysis. Complications, radiologic tumour response, and progression-free survival (PFS) following chemoembolization were investigated.

Results
After chemoembolization, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 86%, 48%, and 39%, respectively, and the median OS was 33 months. Multivariable analyses revealed four significant pretreatment risk factors: infiltrative HCC (P = .02; HR, 1.60), beyond the up-to-11 criteria (P = .002; HR, 2.26), Child-Pugh class B (P = .01; HR, 2.35), and serum AFP ≥400 ng/mL (P = .01; HR, 1.69). The major complication rate was 5%. Of the 192 patients, 1 month after chemoembolization, 35% achieved a complete response, 47% achieved a partial response, 11% had stable disease, and 7% showed progressive disease. The median PFS after chemoembolization was 12 months.

Conclusions
Chemoembolization shows high safety and efficiency, and contributes to improved survival in patients with HCC with PVTT confined to a monosegment. Four risk factors were found to be significantly associated with improved survival rates after chemoembolization in patients with HCC with PVTT confined to a monosegment.

Advances in knowledge
(1) Although systemic therapy with a combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab (Atezo-Bev) is recommended as the first-line treatment when HCC invades the portal vein, chemoembolization is not infrequently performed in HCC cases in which tumour burden is limited. (2) Our study cohort (n=192) had a median OS of 33 months and a 5% major complication rate following chemoembolization, findings in the range of candidates typically accepted as ideal for chemoembolization. Thus, patients with HCC with PVTT confined to a monosegment may be good candidates for first-line chemoembolization.
Cyclic β2,3-amino acids improve the serum stability of macrocyclic peptide inhibitors targeting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease
Authors: Miura Takashi , Malla Tika R , Brewitz Lennart , Tumber Anthony , Salah Eidarus , Lee Kang Ju , Terasaka Naohiro , Owen C David , Strain-Damerell Claire , Lukacik Petra , Walsh Martin A , Kawamura Akane , Schofield Christopher J , Katoh Takayuki , Suga Hiroaki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Due to their constrained conformations, cyclic β2,3-amino acids (cβAA) are key building blocks that can fold peptides into compact and rigid structures, improving peptidase resistance and binding affinity to target proteins, due to their constrained conformations. Although the translation efficiency of cβAAs is generally low, our engineered tRNA, referred to as tRNAPro1E2, enabled efficient incorporation of cβAAs into peptide libraries using the flexible in vitro translation (FIT) system. Here we report on the design and application of a macrocyclic peptide library incorporating 3 kinds of cβAAs: (1R,2S)-2-aminocyclopentane carboxylic acid (β1), (1S,2S)-2-aminocyclohexane carboxylic acid (β2), and (1R,2R)-2-aminocyclopentane carboxylic acid. This library was applied to an in vitro selection against the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro). The resultant peptides, BM3 and BM7, bearing one β2 and two β1, exhibited potent inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 40 and 20 nM, respectively. BM3 and BM7 also showed remarkable serum stability with half-lives of 48 and &gt;168 h, respectively. Notably, BM3A and BM7A, wherein the cβAAs were substituted with alanine, lost their inhibitory activities against Mpro and displayed substantially shorter serum half-lives. This observation underscores the significant contribution of cβAA to the activity and stability of peptides. Overall, our results highlight the potential of cβAA in generating potent and highly stable macrocyclic peptides with drug-like properties.
New Quality Evaluation of Qizhi Xiangfu Pills Based on Fingerprint with Chemometric Analysis and Quantitative Analysis of Multi-Components by Single Marker
Authors: Xu Xiaoli , Yang Lin , Zhao Dezhang , Wang Yiwu , Dai Lei , Li Shuya , He Dan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Qizhi Xiangfu Pills (QZXFPs) is one of the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicine preparations for the treatment of dysmenorrhea, but the existing quality evaluation standards have certain shortcomings and deficiencies. An effective and scientific quality evaluation method plays a vital role in medication safety. In this study, fingerprint combined with chemometric analysis and quantitative analysis of multi-components by a single marker (QAMS) method was used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of QZXFPs. The fingerprints of 28 batches samples were established and 23 common peaks were distinguished, of which 7 peaks were identified as albiflorin, paeoniflorin, baicalin, ligustilide, cyperotundone, nootkatone and α-cyperone. The content of these seven active ingredients was determined simultaneously by the QAMS method and there was no significantly different between QAMS and the external standard method. Additionally, similarity analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis were applied for classifying the 28 batches of samples, and to find the main components causing the quality differences between different batches. In conclusion, the established method can comprehensively evaluate the consistency of quality between different batches and provide a reference for formulation quality evaluation to ensure safe and effective application of QZXFPs.