bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hla antigens in yakima indians with rheumatoid arthritis. lack of association with hla–dw4 and hla–dr4
Authors: Willkens Robert F. , Hansen John A. , Malmgren Judith A. , Nisperos Brenda , Mickelson Eric M. , Watson Margaret A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWomen of the Yakima Indian Nation, a northwest Native American population, are known to have an increased prevalence of a rheumatoid arthritis–like disease characterized by erosive arthritis, frequent involvement of metacarpophalangeal and wrist joints, and positive rheumatoid factor. These patients are frequently positive for antinuclear antibodies and often demonstrate adverse reactions to gold therapy. HLA antigens were determined for 29 Yakima Indians with this disease, but there was no increased frequency of either HLA–Dw4 or HLA–DR4, in contrast to other populations with rheumatoid arthritis. There was, however, a trend toward an increase in HLA–B40 and a decrease in HLA–DR8. The relative risk for rheumatoid arthritis in Yakima Indians was 2.53 in the presence of B40 and 0.28 in the presence of DR8.
Enzyme immunoassay for antibodies to native DNA
Authors: Eaton Roger B. , Schnneider Graciela , Schur Peter H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn enzyme immunoassay was developed to detect antibodies to native DNA; DNA coating conditions that maximized sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility were selected. Sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were positive more frequently by this immunoassay than by the Crithidia luciliae assay or by counterimmunoelectrophoresis. By enzyme immunoassay, 94% of sera with active SLE and 70% of sera from patients with inactive SLE were positive, as were 16% from those suspected of having SLE, and 2.5% of normal persons. Specificity for native DNA was shown for both SLE and normal sera by inhibition studies and by S1 nuclease treatment of polystyrene‐bound native DNA. The enzyme immunoassay correlated more with serum hemolytic complement levels than did the other 2 assays, suggesting that it detects biologically more relevant anti‐DNA antibodies than do the other 2 tests.
Trends in serum uric acid levels
Authors: Glynn Robert J. , Campion Edward W. , Silbert Jeremiah E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUric acid levels of adult male volunteers in a longitudinal study of human aging rose steadily between 1961 and 1978. In the 1,141 men with 3 serial physical examinations, who developed no diseases and who took no drugs known to affect uric acid levels, levels rose from means below 5.5 mg/dl in 1961–1963 to means above 6.5 mg/dl in 1975–1978. The best predictor of a longitudinal increase in uric acid level was a gain in weight, but this, and other significant predictors, explained only a small portion of the increase in this population. Preliminary data available from a fourth examination indicate that the rising trend has leveled off.
Ia specific antilymphocyte antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Searles Robert P. , Okudaira Kunio , Savage Susan M. , Goodwin James S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntilymphocyte antibodies (ALA) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have increased reactivity with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) activated lymphoblasts which are known to have increased expression of Ia antigen. The present experiments suggest that part of this reactivity represents an Ia specificity of ALA. Fifteen of 18 RA sera tested were able to inhibit the binding of monoclonal anti‐Ia antibodies as measured by a rosette method. RA sera did not inhibit the binding of other monoclonal antibodies: anti‐OKT3, anti‐OKT4, and anti‐OKT8. The ability of RA sera to inhibit the binding of anti‐Ia antibody was eliminated after absorption of the RA sera with an Ia positive human cell line (B35M) but not by an Ia negative line (MOLT4). Blocking of anti‐Ia binding was greater in the IgG fraction of the RA sera but also occurred in the IgM fraction. Experiments including ultracentrifugation, pepsin digestion of RA sera, and preincubation of lymphoblasts with aggregated IgG demonstrated that Fc binding by RA sera was not a factor. Both monoclonal anti‐Ia and anti‐Ia heteroantiserum also had increased reactivity with lymphoblast target cells. Pepsin digested Fab fragments of the anti‐Ia heteroantiserum were able to block the activity of cytotoxic RA serum. However, ALA cytotoxic to lymphoblasts did not correlate with anti‐Ia by rosette method. Ia‐specific ALA by rosette method was associated with donor variability but did not appear to be HLA‐DR restricted. Ia‐specific ALA did correlate with disease activity. These data suggest that anti‐Ia activity is present in RA sera and may play an immunoregulatory role in this disease.
Capillary Microscopy in Eosinophilic Fasciitis
Authors: Rozboril Michael B. , Maricq Hildegard R. , Rodnan Gerald P. , Jablonska Stephania , Bole Giles G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCapillary microscopy was performed on 19 patients with eosinophilic fasciitis. These patients were compared with 13 individuals with progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). Capillary patterns were normal in 16 of 19 (84%) eosinophilic fasciitis patients; 3 exhibited either borderline or nonspecific changes, and none showed a definite scleroderma pattern. In contrast, characteristic nailfold capillary changes, consisting of both dilatation and loss of capillaries, were present in 11 of 13 (85%) scleroderma patients; the remaining 2 showed scleroderma‐type abnormalities of only 1 finger and were, therefore, classified as borderline. These results suggest that capillary microscopy may help to distinguish these 2 disorders.
The Educational Impact of a Rheumatology Elective
Authors: Goldenberg Don L. , Meenan Robert F. , Allaire Saralynn , Cohen Alan S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe used a newly developed evaluation strategy to compare the performance of 12 medical residents who received ambulatory care rheumatology training and 12 who received inpatient consultative training. There was no significant difference in the cognitive test scores or the patient examination skills of the 2 groups. The ambulatory care residents saw more patients with common rheumatic diseases and performed more joint aspirations and injections. Both groups performed significantly better in all education impact measurements than did a control group of medical residents who received no formal rheumatology elective training. The control group of residents performed no better than did fourth‐year medical students who also had no formal rheumatology elective training. The study demonstrated that formal rheumatology training is essential if medical residents are to achieve adequate skills in rheumatology. This training can be provided through ambulatory care or inpatient‐oriented electives.
Gold Therapy in The Elderly Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient
Authors: Kean Walter F. , Bellamy Nicholas , Brooks Peter M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForty elderly (≥60 years old) and 101 young (<60 years old) rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving injectable gold therapy were followed prospectively between April 1971 and April 1982. The mean total gold compound received was 1,392 mg in the young group and 1,861 in the elderly group. Besides age, the only significant difference between the two groups was the increased gold compound received by the elderly. To determine efficacy and toxicity within and between certain age groups, the 141 patients were divided into 4 arbitrary age groups: group A (<30 years), group B (30—44 years), group C (45–59 years), and group D (≥60 years). The elderly responded to the gold therapy as well as the young patients did, at any time frame examined after 3 months of therapy. There was no difference in clinical benefit among groups A, B, C, and D. Nine patients in the elderly group and 15 in the young group had therapy discontinued because of no response. This difference was not significant among the groups A, B, C, and D. There was no difference in outcome of individual toxicity between the elderly and the young groups, and no difference in frequency of toxicity between the age groups A, B, C, and D. Serious hematologic toxicity occurred only in patients over 47 years of age, and nephrotic syndrome occurred only in patients over 52. In this study, gold therapy was found to be as clinically beneficial in the elderly as in the young patients, and the toxicity and drug failure rates were not significantly different.
Increased IgA‐producing cells in the blood of patients with active henoch‐schönlein purpura
Authors: Casanueva B. , Rodriguez‐Valverde V. , Merino J. , Arias M. , Garcia‐Fuentes M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPeripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) producing IgA, IgM, and IgG, both spontaneously and after pokeweed mitogen stimulation in cell culture, were determined by a protein A hemolytic plaque assay in 20 children with active Henoch‐Schönlein purpura (HSP), 42 with inactive disease, 22 normal controls of the same ages, and 18 children with upper respiratory tract infections (URTI). The geometric mean of circulating IgA‐producing cells in active HSP (1,016 \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\[\begin{array}{l} \times \\ \div \\ \end{array}\] $\end{document}
1.55 cells/106 PBL) was increased when compared with the group with inactive disease (P < 0.001), normal controls (P < 0.001), and children with URTI (542 \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \[\begin{array}{l} \times \\ \div \\ \end{array}\] $\end{document}
2.03 cells/106 PBL, P < 0.05). The number of circulating IgM‐producing cells was slightly increased in active HSP (260 \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \[ \begin{array}{l} \times \\ \div \\ \end{array}\] $\end{document}
2.65 cells/106 PBL) and URTI (256 \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \[\begin{array}{l} \times \\ \div \\ \end{array}\] $\end{document}
3.16 cells/106 PBL). Both values were higher than those found in the group with inactive disease (113 \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \[\begin{array}{l} \times \\ \div \\ \end{array}\] $\end{document}
2.26 cells/106 PBL, P < 0.01). There were no significant differences among the 4 groups in the number of circulating IgG‐producing cells. The number of cells producing each type of immunoglobulin after in vitro stimulation with pokeweed mitogen was similar in patients with active HSP, normal controls, and the group with inactive disease. These data demonstrate a selective increase in the number of circulating IgA‐producing cells only during disease activity, and add further support to a possible pathogenic role of this immunoglobulin in HSP.
In vivo effect of aspirin on canine osteoarthritic cartilage
Authors: Palmoski Marshall J. , Brandt Kenneth D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe in vivo effect of aspirin on degeneration of knee cartilage in a canine model of osteoarthritis was examined. When dogs were fed aspirin daily after anterior cruciate ligament transection, the degeneration of articular cartilage in the unstable knee was more marked 9 weeks later than that in the operated knee of dogs which did not receive aspirin. Compared with samples from the contralateral knees, the thickness of articular cartilage in the operated knees of aspirin‐fed dogs was reduced, while it was increased in the operated knees of dogs not fed aspirin. In addition, the proteoglycan (uronic acid) content and the augmentation of proteoglycan synthesis in cartilage from the unstable knee were significantly lower when the dogs were fed aspirin than when they were not, and Safranin‐O staining of the matrix was less intense. However, cartilage from the contralateral knees of aspirin‐fed dogs was histochemically and biochemically normal in every respect. When metatarsal bones, with their overlying articular cartilage intact, were cultured in the presence of 10−4M and 10−5M salicylate, net glycosaminoglycan synthesis was suppressed by 25% and 15%, respectively. These concentrations of salicylate had previously been shown to have no effect on glycosaminoglycan metabolism in normal cartilage from the weightbearing region of the femoral condyle. Since the uronic acid content of metatarsal cartilage is lower than that of femoral cartilage, and that of osteoarthritic femoral cartilage is lower than that of normal femoral cartilage, the present results are consistent with the concept that cartilage is more permeable to aspirin when its matrix is depleted of proteoglycans.
Role of medullasin in granulocytes in the development of inflammation
Authors: Aoki Yosuke , Machinami Rikuo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInjection of a small amount of medullasin protease (20 μg) into the skin of guinea pigs or rabbits caused inflammation characterized by severe injury to endothelial cells in venules and by infiltration of a large number of macrophages. Medullasin inhibited macrophage chemotaxis in vitro, stimulated granulocyte chemotaxis, and potentiated the production of superoxide by macrophages. These results indicate that medullasin in granulocytes plays an important role in the development of inflammation.
Comparative rates of proteoglycan synthesis and size of proteoglycans in normal and osteoarthritic chondrocytes
Authors: Teshima Ryota , Treadwell Benjamin V. , Trahan Carol A. , Mankin Henry J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNormal human and osteoarthritic cells were isolated from cartilage with clostridial collagenase. The cells were grown in media as a suspension culture in the presence of 35SO4. Osteoarthritic cartilage of moderate histologic grade (4–8) yielded chondrocytes which incorporated 35SO4 at a rate 3–4 times greater than did normal chondrocytes. The rate of incorporation, however, decreased to normal levels with chondrocytes isolated from mild (grade 0–3) or more advanced (grade 9–13) stages of the disease. These results corroborate those obtained in earlier studies using organ cultures and show that when osteoarthritic cells are isolated from their matrix environment, they continue to synthesize macromolecules at an increased rate. Analysis of the material synthesized by the isolated cells on sizing column demonstrated an inverse relationship between the size of the 35SO4 containing molecules and the severity of the disease.
Serum transfer of collagen‐induced arthritis.II. Identification and Localization of Autoantibody to Type II Collagen in Donor and Recipient Rats
Authors: Stuart John M. , Tomoda Koichi , Yo Md Tai June O. , Townes Alexander S. , Kang Andrew H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCollagen‐induced arthritis can be transferred from immunized arthritic rats to unimmunized recipients by intravenous injection of an immunoglobulin concentrate of sera. This study identifies antibodies in the transfer concentrate which localize to the articular surface of cartilage in joints of recipients. Immunoglobulin can also be demonstrated in the same location in arthritic joints from rats after immunization. Antibody capable of transferring arthritis is present in donor rats over a period of at least 3 weeks and can be absorbed using homologous type II collagen. In addition, antitype II collagen antibodies can be eluted from arthritic joints of rats with early disease.
Phenotypic characterization of synovial tissue cells in situ in different types of synovitis
Authors: Lindblad Staffan , Klareskog Lars , Hedfors Eva , Forsum Urban , Sundstrom Christer 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImmunohistochemical double‐staining was performed on frozen sections from synovial biopsies obtained at arthroscopy from 22 patients with different kinds of synovitis. Not only in specimens from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and seronegative chronic polyarthritis, but also in those from patients with synovitis due to psoriasis, trauma, or crystals, were seen many αLeu‐1‐positive T lymphocytes—in most cases predominantly of the αLeu‐3a‐positive T “helper” cell type—in close contact with HLA‐DR‐positive macrophages/dendritic cells. Presence of many HLA‐DR‐positive, often OKMI‐negative, and irregular sublining cells characterized all forms of chronic arthritis.
Hereditary chondrocalcinosis in a mexican‐american family
Authors: Richardson Bruce C. , Chafetz Neil I. , Ferrell Linda D. , Zulman Julian I. , Genant Harry K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a study of 45 adults in a family of Mexican‐Indian ancestry, it was found that 22 (49%) had joint symptoms resembling those of degenerative joint disease. Eleven family members had radiographic evidence of chondrocalcinosis, and 1 adult and 3 adolescents had clinical histories and examinations consistent with the familial arthropathy, but no radiographic evidence of disease. The cause of the arthritis in the affected family members is calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition. The mode of inheritance appears to be autosomal dominant with a high degree of penetrance. The disease is characterized by onset in the second to fifth decades of either episodes of acute inflammatory arthritis or degenerative joint disease. A unique finding of this study was a “halo” surrounding chondrocytes in 1 patient's cartilage, demonstrating loss of the proteoglycans.
Interaction of polymorphonuclear leukocytes with immune complexes trapped in rheumatoid articular cartilage
Authors: Ugai Kazuhiro , Ishikawa Hitoshi , Hirohata Kazushi , Shirane Hirofumi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWhen rheumatoid articular cartilage samples were incubated with normal polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in vitro, large numbers of PMN were seen attached to the articular surface. As observed by electron microscopy, significant numbers of these cells invaded the cartilage tissue and phagocytosed amorphous material which presumably contained immune complexes. In control cartilage from osteoarthritic, pyogenic, and normal subjects, only a few PMN were attached to the articular surface after incubation with PMN. These results demonstrate that immune complexes trapped in the superficial region of the rheumatoid articular cartilage may play an important role in the destruction of cartilage by the release of lysosomal enzymes from PMN.
Decrease of the okt8 positive t cell subset in polymyalgia rheumatica
Authors: Benlahrache Charif , Segond Patrick , Auquier Louis , Bouvet Jean‐Pierre 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPeripheral T cell populations were investigated in 35 patients suffering from polymyalgia rheumatica. The total number of T cells was low compared with those of a control group of similar age (P < 10−3). This decrease was demonstrated by using both classic E‐rosette and monoclonal antibody techniques (OKT3, and OKT4 + OKT8) and was shown to be secondary to a selective T8 defect (P < 10−9). There was no correlation between the decrease in T8 (a cytotoxic suppressor T cell subset) and steroid therapy, disease activity, and temporal arteritis, nor between this decrease and the TyM percentage and the presence of circulating immune complexes (CIC). The TyM cell percentage was low in the patient group (P < 10−5) and correlated with the presence of detectable CIC (P < 0.05). In contrast to the T8 and TyM defects, concanavalin A‐stimulated cells from 5 selected patients were found capable of suppressing in vitro anti‐trinitro‐phenyl response. This suppression was found in both autologous and allogeneic experiments. From these data one can assume that an immune anomaly (T8 defect) could be the origin of CIC and the disease occurrence.
Anti‐fab' antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Birdsall Holly H. , Lidsky Martin D. , Rossen Roger D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHigh levels of anti‐immunoglobulins that react with Fab′ fragments of IgG have been observed in sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To determine how much of these anti‐Fab′ antibodies are incorporated within immune complexes (IC), we added 125I‐Fab′ to sera and then measured the amount of labeled Fab′ that could be precipitated by adding polyethylene glycol (PEG). Sera were either maintained at neutral pH during this procedure or acidified (pH 3) to dissociate IC. Acidification permitted the 125I‐Fab′ an equal chance to compete with other endogenous antigens for anti‐Fab′ antibodies, once excess hydrogen ion was removed. Quantities of anti‐Fab′ in sera of 20 seropositive RA patients were greater than in sera of 43 age‐and sex‐matched healthy controls, as measured by this assay and by a solid phase radioimmunoassay. However, significantly less anti‐Fab′ antibody was incorporated in ICs in the RA patients' sera. Supernatants from cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes of RA patients also contained relatively more “free” and less “hidden” anti‐Fab′ than culture supernatants from controls. Thus there appear to be qualitative as well as quantitative differences in the anti‐Fab′ antibodies synthesized by RA patients. This may reflect different proportions of IgM and IgG anti‐Fab′ in their sera, differences in the average avidity of these antibodies, or differences in the reciprocal relationships within the idiotypic network that result in release of antibodies by certain antibody‐producing cells, but not by clones that produce complementary idiotypes.
Phosphorylation of proteoglycans from human articular cartilage
Authors: Anderson Roger S. , Schwartz Edith R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that sulfated proteoglycans from human articular and epiphyseal cartilage were phosphorylated. These macromolecules contribute to the stiffness and resiliency of this tissue. We demonstrate here that the phosphate moieties are an integral part of proteoglycan subunits. Specifically, evidence is presented which indicates that proteoglycan monomers contain 3 to 4 phosphate moieties per core protein and that these appear to exist as phosphoserine residues. Furthermore, the data illustrate that human articular cartilage also contains more than 20 different phospho‐proteins, some of which are closely associated with proteoglycan aggregates. Proteoglycan subunits were purified from extracts of articular cartilage or from media fractions which had been used to label tissue specimens with 32P‐orthophosphate. Chemical and radiographic analyses revealed that the phosphate concentration with respect to sulfate and uronic acid content remained constant when purified proteoglycan monomers were subjected to equilibrium ultracentrifugation and size‐exclusion chromatography. That the phosphate moieties were bound to proteoglycan monomers via monoester linkages was indicated by the release of 32P‐orthophosphate from proteoglycan subunits incubated under mild alkaline conditions or reacted with acid or alkaline phosphatases. Identification of serine residues in the core protein as the sites of phosphorylation was made by autoradiography of thin layer plates on which hydrolyzed samples of purified 32P‐proteoglycan sub‐units had been subjected to 2‐dimensional electrophoresis/chromatography. Quantification of 3 to 4 phosphate moieties per core protein of 200,000 daltons was made by chemical analysis of inorganic phosphate released from proteoglycans by acid hydrolysis.
Cytokine modulation of chondrocyte proteinase release
Authors: Herman Jerome H. , Greenblatt David , Khosla Ramesh C. , Appel Alan M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNonenzymatic, trypsin sensitive cytokines derived from lectin stimulated normal human mononuclear cells have been shown to induce release of proteoglycan and collagen degrading proteinase activity from chondrocytes in cartilage organ and isolated suspension culture systems. Active chondrocyte protein and RNA synthesis were required to induce activity. Cytokines responsible were of both monocyte and T cell origin. Direct monokine catabolic induction and monokine/lectin‐triggered lymphokine inducing activity could be demonstrated. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors and direct or indirect modulation of mononuclear cell or chondrocyte cAMP levels had no effect on factor synthesis or activity. Hydrocortisone abrogated the effect. Cytokines responsible were heat labile, unaffected by reduction/alkylation or neuraminidase exposure, and stable over a pH range of 3–10.