bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Marine Zooplankton in the Maheshkhali Channel, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh
Authors: Ayshi Ferdousi Anjum , Mugdha Ashiqur Rahman , Jahan Roksana 
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the study was to identify and characterize marine zooplankton in the Maheshkhali Channel, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. A total of 25 species were identified from the samples collected from the surface water during November, 2022. They were categorized into 4 major groups such as copepoda, crustaceans, ichthyoplankton and meroplankton. Copepods were the most dominant. Among the copepods, Oithona sp., Oncaea sp., Calanus sp., Subeucalanus flemingeri, Cyclops sp., Acartia sp., Labidocera sp. and Canthocalanus pauper were ubiquitous, with Oithona brevicornis, Oithona nana, Acartia tonsa, Subeucalanus sp. being moderately frequent. The presence of Centropages sp., Paracalanus aculeatus, Paracalanus sp., Pseudodiaptomas sp. and Acartia (Odonticartia) ohtsukai were rare. Shrimp larvae, crab zoea and ichthyoplankton were moderately found. Mysid shrimps were found to be highly prevalent whereas ctenophora larvae were less frequent. Copepod, naupliar larvae and copepodites were observed to be consistently present throughout the observed area. The identified species possess great significance in the marine food web. This investigation is the baseline study of marine zooplankton in the Maheshkhali Channel. Further research, therefore, is recommended to identify zooplankton species through microscopic and molecular methods in the coastal waters of Bangladesh.
Effect of Germination Time on the Properties of Flours from Red and Brown Varieties of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan) Seeds
Authors: Eze, S. I.  , Okoye, J. I.  , Onwuama, N. N.  
Published: March 2024

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of germination time on the proximate composition, functional and pasting properties of flours from red and brown varieties of pigeon pea seeds. The red and brown pigeon pea seeds were cleaned and germinated for 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively and processed into flours, while the flours produced from the ungerminated red and brown pigeon pea seeds served as control samples. The flours obtained were analyzed for proximate, functional and pasting properties using standard methods. The proximate composition of the samples showed that the flours produced from the red pigeon pea seeds had a range of 6.24 – 9.34% moisture, 10.37 – 20.95% crude protein, 1.21 – 1.12% fat, 2.32 – 3.32% ash, 3.14 – 4.23% crude fibre, 76.75-61.07% carbohydrate and 329.29 – 338.10KJ/100g energy, while that of the brown pigeon pea flours had a range of 6.44-9.77% moisture, 10.47-23.69% crude protein, 1.23-1.13% fat, 2.42-3.13% ash, 3.18-4.31% crude fibre, 76.26-57.99% carbohydrate and 358.18-336.83KJ/100g energy. The functional properties of the red pigeon pea flours revealed that the bulk density, water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, swelling capacity, gelation capacity and foam capacity ranged from 0.58-022 ml/g, 1.36-1.58 %, 1.40-1.61 %, 2.13-2.38 ml/g, 8.24-11.13 ml/g and 12.28-12.01 %, while that of the brown variety ranged from 0.63-0.36 ml/g, 1.47-1.69 %, 1.46-1.67 %, 1.67-2.46 ml/g, 8.88-11.41 ml/g and 13.33-13.06 %, respectively. The pasting properties of the red pigeon pea flours also showed that the peak, trough, breakdown, set back and final viscosities as well as the peak time and pasting temperature ranged from 3.10 – 5.556cP, 3.35 – 4.86cP, 2.65 – 4.57cP, 5.23 – 7.75cP, 8.82 -10.02cP, 6.79 – 7.34min and 69.79 – 92.710C, while that of the brown variety ranged from 3.59 – 6.21cP, 4.19 – 5.61cP, 3.77 – 5.23cP, 5.59 – 8.25cP, 9.60 – 11.08cP, 7.07 – 7.99min and 80.11 – 99.21oC, respectively. The study, however, revealed that the flours produced from both the red and brown pigeon pea seeds could be generally used as nutrient dense and functional ingredients in the preparation of a wide range of food products especially in Nigeria and other developing countries of the world where there is acute shortage of protein in order to ensure food and nutritional security.
Combination of UDP‐Glc(NAc) 4′‐Epimerase and Galactose Oxidase in a One‐Pot Synthesis of Biotinylated Nucleotide Sugars
Authors: Namdjou Darius‐J. , Sauerzapfe Birgit , Schmiedel Judith , Dräger Gerald , Bernatchez Stéphane , Wakarchuk Warren W. , Elling Lothar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe enzymatic epimerization of uridine 5′‐diphospho‐α‐D‐glucose (UDP‐Glc, 1) and uridine 5′‐diphospho‐N‐acetyl‐α‐D‐glucosamine (UDP‐GlcNAc, 2) and the subsequent oxidation of uridine 5′‐diphospho‐α‐D‐galactose (UDP‐Gal, 3) and uridine 5′‐diphospho‐N‐acetyl‐α‐D‐galactosamine (UDP‐GalNAc, 4) were combined with chemical biotinylation with biotin‐ε‐amidocaproylhydrazide in a one‐pot synthesis. Analysis by CE and NMR revealed a mixture (1.0:1.4) of the biotinylated nucleotide sugars uridine 5′‐diphospho‐6‐biotin‐ε‐amidocaproylhydrazino‐α‐D‐galactose (UDP‐6‐biotinyl‐Gal, 7) and uridine 5′‐diphospho‐6‐biotin‐ε‐amidocaproylhydrazino‐α‐D‐glucose (UDP‐6‐biotinyl‐Glc, 9), respectively, in a reaction started with 1. One product, uridine 5′‐diphospho‐6‐biotin‐ε‐amidocaproylhydrazino‐N‐acetyl‐α‐D‐galactosamine (UDP‐6‐biotinyl‐GalNAc, 8) was formed when the reaction was initiated with 2. It could be demonstrated for the first time that a UDP‐Glc(NAc) 4′‐epimerase (Gne from Campylobacter jejuni) and galactose oxidase from Dactylium dendroides can be used simultaneously in enzymatic catalysis. This is of particular interest since the coaction of an enzyme demanding reductive conditions and an oxygen‐dependent oxidase is unexpected.
Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage associated with heparin induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Kurtz Leon E. , Yang Sarah 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHeparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is associated with serious and sometimes devastating thrombotic events. We report a case of bilateral adrenal hemorrhage (BAH) associated with HIT after prophylactic use of low molecular weight heparin. The vague presenting symptoms of acute adrenal insufficiency offers a diagnostic challenge, which if delayed may be life threatening. A high index of suspicion for adrenal hemorrhage is required in patients receiving any form of heparin therapy presenting with new onset thrombocytopenia, abdominal pain, and fevers. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Crunoecia irrorata (Curtis) (Trichoptera: Lepidostomatidae) and conservation of boreal springs: indications of clustering of red‐listed species
Authors: Ilmonen Jari 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
Crunoecia irrorata is widely dispersed across Europe, but rare and red‐listed in Finland. Its geographical range comprises most of the southern boreal zone in Fennoscandia. The species is confined to springs in the north, but occurs also in lower reaches of headwater streams in central and western Europe. It becomes more rare and less abundant towards the limits of its range across Europe, showing diffusive rarity. Glacial history and climate limit the distribution of the species in the north.
The most important habitat characteristic for C. irrorata in Finland was the total area of helocrene habitats. Its occurrence was positively related to taxon richness of benthic macroinvertebrates, but not bryophytes. Co‐occurrence of C. irrorata with other red‐listed spring‐dependent taxa was observed, indicating high conservation value of the springs occupied.
Crunoecia irrorata occurred frequently in moderately disturbed springs, indicating tolerance to human disturbance around springs. However, the effect of the disturbance on population size is not known. Forestry and water and gravel extraction are potential threats to C. irrorata, and only a few of its populations are strictly protected. Therefore, populations of C. irrorata in the boreal zone should be conserved and monitored to ensure the species' survival at the northern limits of its range.
Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Early morphogenesis of the sinuatrial region of the chick heart: A contribution to the understanding of the pathogenesis of direct pulmonary venous connections to the right atrium and atrial septal defects in hearts with right isomerism of the atrial appendages
Authors: Männer Jörg , Merkel Nico 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe morphogenesis of the sinuatrial region of embryonic hearts is still not well understood. Current matters of dispute are the topogenesis of the future pulmonary vein orifice and the topogenesis of the primary atrial septum. We analyzed the development of the sinuatrial region in chick embryos ranging from Hamburger and Hamilton (HH) stage 14 to 25. Our study disclosed three features of sinuatrial development. First, the primitive atrium of the HH stage 16 chick embryo heart has a separate inflow component. This inflow component takes up the mouth of the confluence of the systemic veins (sinus venosus) as well as the future mouth of the common pulmonary vein (pulmonary pit). The left portion of the atrial inflow component becomes incorporated into the left atrium and its right portion becomes incorporated into the right atrium. Rightward growth of the sinuatrial fold separates the sinus venosus from the left atrium. Second, the pulmonary pit originally forms as a bilaterally paired structure. Its left and right portions are connected to the left and right portions of the atrial inflow component, respectively. Normally, only the left portion of the pulmonary pit deepens to form the common pulmonary vein orifice, whereas the right portion disappears. Third, the primary atrial septum of the chick heart is not formed at the original midline of the embryonic heart, but is formed to the left of the original midline. This finding is in accord with molecular data suggesting that the primary atrial septum derives from the left heart‐forming field. Our findings shed new light on the pathogenesis of direct pulmonary venous connections to the right atrium and atrial septal defects in hearts with right isomerism of the atrial appendages. Anat Rec 290:168–180, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Striated muscle and nerve fascicle distribution in the female raturethral sphincter
Authors: Kim Ronald J. , Kerns James M. , Liu Shirley , Nagel Ted , Zaszczurynski Paul , Lin Dan Li , Damaser Margot S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe anatomical basis for urinary continence depends on a thorough understanding of the tissues in the urethra. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphology and neuroanatomy of urethral striated muscle, called the rhabdosphincter or external urethral sphincter, in normal female rats. Urethras from 12 female rats were dissected from the bladder, fixed, embedded in paraffin or epon, and sectioned every 1 mm. Striated muscle content was taken as the ratio of the striated muscle area to net urethral area. Nerve fascicles containing myelinated axons near the rhabdosphincter were counted and mapped. Both striated muscle content and number of nerve fascicles peak in the proximal third of the urethra, with a secondary peak at the distal end of the urethra. This secondary peak may correspond to an analog of the combined compressor urethrae/urethrovaginal sphincter located in the distal urethra in human. The rhabdosphincter has a variable distribution along the length of the urethra. In the middle and distal thirds of the urethra, the dorsal striated muscle fibers between the urethra and vagina become more sparse. The majority of nerve fascicles are contained in the lateral quadrants of the urethra, similar to the lateral distribution of somatic nerves in humans. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the normal distribution of the striated musculature and neuroanatomy in the urethra, with similarities to the human. It thus supports and extends the usefulness of the rat as an experimental model for studying urinary incontinence. Anat Rec 290:145–154, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An Adaptive Single‐step FDR Procedure with Applications to DNA Microarray Analysis
Authors: Iyer Vishwanath , Sarkar Sanat 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe use of multiple hypothesis testing procedures has been receiving a lot of attention recently by statisticians in DNA microarray analysis. The traditional FWER controlling procedures are not very useful in this situation since the experiments are exploratory by nature and researchers are more interested in controlling the rate of false positives rather than controlling the probability of making a single erroneous decision. This has led to increased use of FDR (False Discovery Rate) controlling procedures. Genovese and Wasserman proposed a single‐step FDR procedure that is an asymptotic approximation to the original Benjamini and Hochberg stepwise procedure. In this paper, we modify the Genovese‐Wasserman procedure to force the FDR control closer to the level alpha in the independence setting. Assuming that the data comes from a mixture of two normals, we also propose to make this procedure adaptive by first estimating the parameters using the EM algorithm and then using these estimated parameters into the above modification of the Genovese‐Wasserman procedure. We compare this procedure with the original Benjamini‐Hochberg and the SAM thresholding procedures. The FDR control and other properties of this adaptive procedure are verified numerically. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An efficient domain‐decomposition pseudo‐spectral method for solving elliptic differential equations
Authors: Mai‐Duy N. , Tran‐Cong T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this paper, a new numerical scheme based on non‐overlapping domain decompositions and integrated Chebyshev approximations for solving elliptic differential equations (DEs) is presented. The distinguishing feature of the present scheme is that it achieves a Cp continuous solution across the interfaces (p is the order of the DE). Several test problems are employed to verify the method. The obtained results indicate that the achievement of higher‐order smoothness leads to a significant improvement in accuracy. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alternating Spin Chains: Controlled Assembly from Bimetallic Building Blocks and QMC Simulation of Spin Correlation
Authors: Demeshko Serhiy , Leibeling Guido , Dechert Sebastian , Fuchs Sebastian , Pruschke Thomas , Meyer Franc 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBy using the compartmental dinucleating pyrazolate ligand HL, dinickel(II) complexes [LNi2(μ‐N3)(acetone)2]X2 (1: X=ClO4; 2: X=BPh4) and tetranickel(II) complex [{LNi2(μ‐N3)(MeOH)}2](ClO4)4 (3) have been prepared and structurally characterized. Complexes 1 and 2 differ in the torsion along the bridging μ‐1,3‐azide moiety, while the azido ligands in 3 adopt an unusual μ‐1,1,3 bridging mode to connect the two subunits. All three complexes show overall antiferromagnetic coupling and an S=0 ground state, but the torsion along the azide moiety is a determining factor for the coupling strength. Compounds 1 and 2 serve as preorganized building blocks for the controlled synthesis of alternating 1D polymeric structures 4–6 by replacement of their labile acetone ligands by additional azido ligands. Due to the modular synthetic approach, 4–6 can be described as Heisenberg antiferromagnetic systems with inherent bond alternation (HABA), whereby the organic ligand framework ensures that the individual nickel/azido chains are well isolated in the crystal lattice. Like their precursors, 4–6 are mainly distinguished by torsion along the μ‐1,3‐azido bridges, both within and between the bimetallic constituents. Magnetic measurements confirm an overall S=0 ground state for 4–6, and coupling parameters have been deduced from quantum Monte Carlo simulations. The two J values for the alternating 1D chains can be clearly assigned on the basis of the magnetostructural correlations established for the bimetallic building blocks. The alternation ratio γ=J2J${{{- 1\hfill \atop 1\hfill}}}$ places the three new systems in the HABA regime for a singlet‐dimer ground state.
Properties of AgGa1‐xInxSe2 single crystals grown by Bridgman method
Authors: Huang Y. , Zhao B. J. , Zhu S. F. , Zhu W. L. , Xu C. F. , Wan S. Q. , He Z. Y. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHigh‐pure and single‐phase AgGa1‐xInxSe2 (x=0.2) polycrystalline was synthesized by the mechanical and temperature oscillation method. Adopting the modified Bridgman method an integral AgGa1‐xInxSe2 single crystal with diameter of 14 mm and length of 35 mm has been obtained at the rate of 6 mm/day. It was found that there is a new cleavage face which was (101), and observed the four order X‐ray spectrum of the {101} faces. By the method of DSC analysis the melting and freezing points of the AgGa1‐xInxSe2 (x=0.2) single crystal were about 828°C and 790°C. The transmission spectra of the AgGa1‐xInxSe2 (x=0.2) sample of 5×6×2 mm3 were obtained by means of UV and IR spectrophotometer. The limiting frequency was 774.316nm and the band gap was 1.6eV. It can be found in the infrared spectrum that the infrared transmission was above 60% from 4000cm‐1 to 600cm‐1. The value of α in 5.3µm and 10.6µm were 0.022cm‐1 and 0.1cm‐1 respectively. All results showed that the crystal was of good quality. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Heat treatment induced structural and optical properties of rf magnetron sputtered tantalum oxide films
Authors: Jagadeesh Chandra S. V. , Mohan Rao G. , Uthanna S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRf magnetron sputtering technique was employed for preparation of tantalum oxide films on quartz and crystalline silicon (111) substrates held at room temperature by sputtering of tantalum in an oxygen partial pressure of 1x10‐4 mbar. The films were annealed in air for an hour in the temperature range 573 – 993 K. The effect of annealing on the chemical binding configuration, structure and optical absorption of tantalum oxide films was systematically studied. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Reliability of confocal microscopy spectral imaging systems: Use of multispectral beads
Authors: Zucker Robert M. , Rigby Paul , Clements Ian , Salmon Wendy , Chua Michael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground:There is a need for a standardized, impartial calibration, and validation protocol on confocal spectral imaging (CSI) microscope systems. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to have testing tools to provide a reproducible way to evaluate instrument performance.Methods:We evaluated fluorescent spectral beads (FocalCheck™) from Molecular Probes/Invitrogen that consist of four pairs with emissions between 500 and 725 nm and a europium macrocycle quantum dye bead. These bead tools compliment our previously published protocol for testing spectral imaging systems that used an inexpensive multi‐ion discharge lamp (MIDL) that contains Hg+, Ar+, and inorganic fluorophores that emits distinct, stable spectral features.Results:We acquired the spectra of the FocalCheck™ beads on a Zeiss 510 Meta, a Leica TCS‐SP1, a Leica SP2 AOBS, an Olympus FV 1000, and a Nikon C1Si confocal systems and a PARISS microscopic spectral system and of the europium beads on the Leica TCS‐SP1 and PARISS spectral imaging systems. A lack of performance with some equipment between 650 and 750 nm was identified using the far red pair of the FocalCheck™ beads. The position of the slider in front of PMT 2 that reflects light into PMT 1 and PMT 3 affected the measurement of all bead intensities. Unmixing algorithms were used to separate beads with different fluorochromes and separate two fluorochromes on the same bead.Conclusions:The FocalCheck™ multi‐spectral beads yielded similar profiles on four CSI systems and a PARISS spectral system. The utilization of the spectral FocalCheck™ beads is helpful to evaluate proper spectral performance, especially in the far red region. Europium beads provide a very narrow spectrum that can help to identify machines that have spectral problems. The dyes located on individual beads or mixed together in ring‐core configuration can be used as test particles to demonstrate spectral unmixing with various algorithms. Published 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The vitamin D receptor gene FokI polymorphism: Functional impact on the immune system
Authors: van Etten Evelyne , Verlinden Lieve , Giulietti Annapaula , Ramos‐Lopez Elizabeth , Branisteanu Dumitru D. , Ferreira Gabriela B. , Overbergh Lut , Verstuyf Annemieke , Bouillon Roger , Roep Bart O. , Badenhoop Klaus , Mathieu Chantal 
Published: February 2007

Abstract1α,25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) has important effects on the growth and function of multiple cell types. These pleiotropic effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 are mediated through binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Several polymorphisms of the human VDR gene have been identified, with the FokI polymorphism resulting in VDR proteins with different structures, a long f‐VDR or a shorter F‐VDR. The aim of this study was to investigate the functional consequences of the FokI polymorphism in immune cells. In transfection experiments, the presence of the shorter F‐VDR resulted in higher NF‐κB‐ and NFAT‐driven transcription as well as higher IL‐12p40 promoter‐driven transcription. Marginal differences were observed for AP‐1‐driven transcription, and no differential effects were observed for transactivation of a classical vitamin D‐responsive element. Concordantly, in human monocytes and dendritic cells with a homozygous short FF VDR genotype, expression of IL‐12 (mRNA and protein) was higher than in cells with a long ff VDR genotype. Additionally, lymphocytes with a short FF VDR genotype proliferated more strongly in response to phytohemagglutinin. Together, these data provide the first evidence that the VDR FokI polymorphism affects immune cell behavior, with a more active immune system for the short F‐VDR, thus possibly playing a role in immune‐mediated diseases.
β‐Selection: Abundance of TCRβ–/γδ– CD44–CD25– (DN4) cells in the foetal thymus
Authors: Hager‐Theodorides Ariadne L. , Rowbotham Nicola J. , Outram Susan V. , Dessens Johannes T. , Crompton Tessa 
Published: February 2007

AbstractExpression of TCRβ and pre‐TCR signalling are essential for differentiation of CD4–CD8– double negative (DN) thymocytes to the CD4+CD8+ double‐positive (DP) stage. Thymocyte development in adult Rag1, Rag2 or TCRβδ‐deficient mice is arrested at the DN3 stage leading to the assumption that pre‐TCR signalling and β‐selection occur at, and are obligatory for, the transition from DN3 to DN4. We show that the majority of DN3 and DN4 cells that differentiate during early embryogenesis in wild‐type mice do not express intracellular (ic) TCRβ/γδ. These foetal icTCRβ−/γδ− DN4 cells were T lineage as determined by expression of Thy1 and icCD3 and TCRβ DJ rearrangement. In addition, in the foetal Rag1–/– thymus, a normal percentage of DN4 cells were present. In wild‐type mice after hydrocortisone‐induced synchronisation of differentiation, the majority of DN4 cells that first emerged did not express icTCRβ/γδ, showing that adult thymocytes can also differentiate to the DN4 stage independently of pre‐TCR signalling. Pre‐TCR signalling induced expansion in the DN4 population, but lack of TCRβ/γδ expression did not immediately induce apoptosis. Our data demonstrate in vivo differentiation from DN3 to DN4 cell in the absence of TCRβ/γδ expression in the foetal thymus, and after hydrocortisone treatment of adult mice.