bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simple shape characteristic of protein–protein recognition
Authors: Nicola George , Vakser Ilya A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMotivation: Observation of co-crystallized protein–protein complexes and low-resolution protein–protein docking studies suggest the existence of a binding-related anisotropic shape characteristic of protein–protein complexes.Results: Our study systematically assessed the global shape of proteins in a non-redundant database of co-crystallized protein–protein complexes by measuring the distance of the surface residues to the protein's center of mass. The results show that on average the binding site residues are closer to the center of mass than the non-binding surface residues. Thus, the study directly detects an important and simple binding-related characteristic of protein shapes. The results provide an insight into one of the fundamental properties of protein structure and association.Contact: vakser@ku.edu
Analysis of Proteomes Using the Molecular Scanner: Figure 1.
Authors: Déon Catherine , Bienvenut Willy , Sanchez Jean-Charles , Hochstrasser Denis F. , Müller Markus , Gras Robin , Appel Ron D. 
Published: February 2007

INTRODUCTIONThe molecular scanner offers a flexible and powerful visualization tool that can create a fully annotated 2D gel electrophoresis map. Proteins separated by 2D gel electrophoresis are simultaneously digested while undergoing electrotransfer from the gel to a membrane. The peptides are subjected to peptide mass fingerprint (PMF) analysis to identify proteins directly from the PVDF membranes by MALDI-TOF-MS scanning. An ensemble of dedicated tools is then used to create, analyze, and visualize a proteome as a multidimensional image. The molecular scanner method reduces to a minimum the sample handling prior to mass analysis and decreases the sample size to a few tens of micrometers, that is, the size of the MALDI-TOF-MS laser beam impact. The process can be divided into four parts: separation and digestion of proteins, acquisition of PMF data, processing of the MS data and protein identification, and creation of multidimensional proteome maps.
Highly tumorigenic human androgen receptor‐positive prostate cancer cells overexpress angiogenin
Authors: Kawada Manabu , Inoue Hiroyuki , Arakawa Masayuki , Takamoto Kozo , Masuda Tohru , Ikeda Daishiro 
Published: February 2007

We have recently established a highly tumorigenic cell line, LNCaP‐CR, derived from human androgen‐dependent prostate cancer LNCaP cells. In the present study, we examined the genes responsible for the high tumorigenicity of LNCaP‐CR cells. The cDNA microarray analysis and protein array of secreted factors indicated angiogenin (ANG), an angiogenic factor, as a candidate gene. Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and immunoassay confirmed that LNCaP‐CR cells expressed high levels of ANG but not vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), compared with the parental LNCaP cells. We also proved that another tumorigenic androgen receptor‐positive prostate cancer cell line, 22Rv1, secretes higher levels of ANG than VEGF. To assess the contribution of ANG to the highly tumorigenic phenotype, we transfected the ANG gene into LNCaP cells in order to overexpress ANG, and also transfected ANG small interfering RNA‐expressing constructs into LNCaP‐CR cells to downregulate ANG. Overexpression of ANG in LNCaP cells did not affect their growth in vitro, but it significantly enhanced tumorigenicity and angiogenesis in vivo. In contrast, knockdown of ANG expression in LNCaP‐CR cells also did not affect the growth in vitro, but it led to a significant decrease in tumorigenicity and angiogenesis. Taken together, ANG is one of the genes responsible for the high tumorigenicity of LNCaP‐CR cells. Thus, our results support the idea that ANG is an attractive target for cancer therapy and show that LNCaP‐CR cells are useful for studying ANG action and experimental therapeutic approaches targeting ANG. (Cancer Sci 2007; 98: 350–356)
Contemporary treatment of class II dens invaginatus
Authors: Sathorn C. , Parashos P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAim  To present the nonsurgical management of a tooth with class II dens invaginatus with an open apex utilizing contemporary techniques.Summary  Root canal treatment of teeth with complex root canal anatomy such as dens invaginatus can be problematic because infected pulpal tissues may remain in inaccessible areas of the canal system. The cleaning and debridement of such root canal systems are therefore challenging and may sometimes be considered impossible. An immature apical root‐end development is another challenge in root canal treatment especially in controlling the apical extent of the filling material and achieving an apical seal. When difficulties in cleaning and filling combine, management options may include surgical intervention or extraction. This article reports the nonsurgical endodontic treatment of a case of an open apex and dens invaginatus utilizing the operating microscope, endodontic ultrasonic instruments and mineral trioxide aggregate.Key learning point• Teeth with class II dens evaginatus and an open apex may be managed successfully with contemporary nonsurgical materials and techniques.
Documenting hurricane impacts on coral reefs using two‐dimensional video‐mosaic technology
Authors: Gleason Arthur C. R. , Lirman Diego , Williams Dana , Gracias Nuno R. , Gintert Brooke E. , Madjidi Hossein , Pamela Reid R. , Chris Boynton G. , Negahdaripour Shahriar , Miller Margaret , Kramer Philip 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFour hurricanes impacted the reefs of Florida in 2005. In this study, we evaluate the combined impacts of hurricanes Dennis, Katrina, Rita, and Wilma on a population of Acropora palmata using a newly developed video‐mosaic methodology that provides a high‐resolution, spatially accurate landscape view of the reef benthos. Storm damage to A. palmata was surprisingly limited; only 2 out of 19 colonies were removed from the study plot at Molasses Reef. The net tissue losses for those colonies that remained were only 10% and mean diameter of colonies decreased slightly from 88.4 to 79.6 cm. In contrast, the damage to the reef framework was more severe, and a large section (6 m in diameter) was dislodged, overturned, and transported to the bottom of the reef spur. The data presented here show that two‐dimensional video‐mosaic technology is well‐suited to assess the impacts of physical disturbance on coral reefs and can be used to complement existing survey methodologies.
Inheritance of siliqua locule number and seed coat colour in Brassica juncea
Authors: Choudhary B. R. , Solanki Z. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe inheritance of siliqua locule number and seed coat colour in Brassica juncea was investigated, using three lines each of tetralocular brown seeded and bilocular yellow seeded. Three crosses of tetralocular brown seeded × bilocular yellow seeded lines were attempted and their F1, F2 and backcross generations were examined for segregation of these two traits. Brown seed colour and bilocular siliqua characters were found to be dominant over yellow seed and tetralocular siliqua, respectively. Chi‐square tests indicated that each trait is controlled by different sets of duplicate pairs of genes. Bilocular siliquae or brown seeds can result from the presence of either of two dominant alleles, whereas tetralocular siliquae or yellow seeds are produced when alleles at both loci are recessive. A joint segregation analysis of F2 data indicated that the genes governing siliqua locule number and seed colour were inherited independently.
Analysis of sub‐populations of rapid‐cycling Brassica rapa following recurrent bi‐directional selection for cotyledon size
Authors: Tel‐Zur N. , Goldman I. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecurrent selection programmes use one or just a few selection criteria, however other indirect traits may be unpredictably changed in a population. This study was conducted to determine the indirect effects of 10 cycles of bi‐directional recurrent selection for cotyledon size in the model system of rapid‐cycling Brassica rapa. Eight sub‐populations (four large‐ and four small‐cotyledon sizes) were phenotypically and cytologically evaluated. Each sub‐population was measured by five phenotypic traits. Ploidy and pollen viability were studied and compared with the initial population. Total weight was significantly different in broad and bottleneck‐1 sub‐populations. Total cell number exhibited statistically significant differences in broad and bottleneck‐1 sub‐populations, while cell number per unit area exhibited statistically significant differences in broad, bottleneck‐2 and bottleneck‐3 sub‐populations. Decreases in pollen viability in comparison with the base population were observed in three sub‐populations. Among the eight sub‐populations studied, the most significant phenotypic differences were observed within broad sub‐populations. Based on the above, it is possible that bi‐directional recurrent selection for cotyledon size may have been a result of indirect selection for two processes, endoreduplication and cell division.
Haplotype structure around the nud locus in barley and its association with resistance to leaf stripe (Pyrenophora graminea)
Authors: Barabaschi D. , Campani L. , Francia E. , Toubia‐Rahme H. , Valè G. P. , Gianinetti A. , Delogu G. , Stanca A. M. , Pecchioni N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe naked/hulled kernel trait is controlled in barley by a single gene called nud, on chromosome 7H. The first aim of this work was use bulked segregant analysis to find, new PCR‐based markers linked to nud for marker‐assisted selection (MAS). A new SCAR marker (sJ14) was developed, which is useful for introgressing the naked trait. This, and three other SCARs, were placed on the ‘Proctor’ × ‘Nudinka’ map to detail a 0.9‐cM fragment tagging nud. In order to evaluate the haplotypes around the nud locus, a phenotypically differentiated collection of naked/hulled genotypes was characterized by means of the above markers. Eight different marker haplotypes were found in the breeding germplasm, and a new allele for the marker sKT7 was found. The same barley collection has been surveyed for resistance/susceptibility to leaf stripe (Pyrenophora graminea), in order to investigate any possible association between this and other traits. The naked/hulled seed trait was not associated with resistance/susceptibility to the fungus.
Acquisition of early words from single‐word and sentential contexts
Authors: Trehub Sandra E. , Shenfield Tali 
Published: February 2007

Abstract Toddlers 15 and 18 months of age were exposed to audiovisual recordings of two novel words paired with novel toys. The words were presented in familiar sentence frames or in isolation. Linguistic context had a greater effect on younger than on older infants. Specifically, 15‐month‐old boys exhibited successful learning only in the context of single words, and 15‐month‐old girls did so only for words presented in sentences. Older infants acquired the new words from both contexts, and they learned more rapidly than younger infants. Receptive and expressive vocabulary made no independent contribution to performance.
Now I see it but you don't: 14‐month‐olds can represent another person's visual perspective
Authors: Sodian Beate , Thoermer Claudia , Metz Ulrike 
Published: February 2007

Abstract Twelve‐ and 14‐month‐old infants’ ability to represent another person's visual perspective (Level‐1 visual perspective taking) was studied in a looking‐time paradigm. Fourteen‐month‐olds looked longer at a person reaching for and grasping a new object when the old goal‐object was visible than when it was invisible to the person (but visible to the infant). These findings are consistent with the interpretation that infants ‘rationalized’ the person's reach for a new object when the old goal‐object was out of sight. Twelve‐month‐olds did not distinguish between test conditions. The present findings are consistent with recent research on infants’ developing understanding of seeing.
Assimilation and Exclusion of Foreign Trained Engineers in Canada: Inside a Professional Regulatory Organization
Authors: Girard Erik R , Bauder Harald 
Published: February 2007

AbstractProfessional labour markets in Ontario, Canada, are culturally regulated to the disadvantage of foreign‐born and foreign‐trained immigrant practitioners. In this paper we draw on Pierre Bourdieu's concepts of institutionalized cultural capital and habitus to examine processes of distinction between foreign and Canadian‐trained professionals. Based on fieldwork investigating Ontario's professional engineering regulatory system as a case study, we interpret institutionalized cultural familiarity in the licensing criteria enforced by regulatory bodies as processes of distinction that undermine immigrants' access to the engineering profession relative to Canadian‐born and Canadian‐trained applicants. In addition to assessing the value of non‐Canadian credentials, regulatory bodies attempt to reproduce the social and cultural integrity of the professional membership by requiring applicants to internalize cultural norms specific to the profession as it is practiced in Canada. Licensing procedures can thus facilitate the cultural exclusion of immigrant practitioners
Conceptualizing and Measuring the Optimal Experience of the eLearning Environment*
Authors: Davis Robert , Wong Don 
Published: February 2007

ABSTRACTOnline learning (eLearning) has become a global phenomenon as many organizations and educational institutions worldwide have entered the field in an attempt to enhance the students' experience of learning. While numerous studies have focused on the effectiveness and benefits of eLearning, few have focused on understanding and measuring the user experience and relating this to the actual student usage of the eLearning system. This study addresses this gap by conceptualizing and measuring the eLearners' experience from two integrated perspectives: (1) the learners' affective perceptions using the flow model and (2) the learners' technology acceptance using the Technology Acceptance Model. The integrated perspective proposes that the users' acceptance and the affective responses toward a particular system are two important factors in determining the users' intentional and actual behaviors, which in turn, influence user participation and engagement with the system. The data was collected in 2004 directly from 964 students using a Web‐based eLearning system called CECIL (http://www.cecil.edu) at the University of Auckland. The conclusions drawn from the results of the study using a structural equation model support the use of the integrated model for investigating eLearner behavior. The research implications of our findings are discussed.
Subepidermal Calcified Nodule in a 7‐Month‐Old Boy
Authors: Xu Yaohui , Petronic‐Rosic Vesna , Stein Sarah L. 
Published: February 2007

A 7–month‐old healthy white boy presented for evaluation of a papule on his right ear. His mother reported a small cut‐like lesion at this site shortly after birth that had gradually grown over time. The patient was born full term via repeat cesarean section. On physical examination, located on the right superior helix, there was a 5–6 mm, pink, firm papule with a rough scaly surface and peripheral erythema (Figure 1). The lesion was shave excised and sent for histologic analysis. Microscopic examination revealed a defect of the epidermis with underlying fibrin deposits (Figure 2). Subjacent to the ulcer, there was chondroid tissue, granulation tissue with prominent vascularity, and an extensive amount of amorphous calcified material throughout the dermis extending to the base of the specimen (Figure 3). The clinical and pathologic findings were consistent with a subepidermal calcified nodule (SCN), an uncommon idiopathic calcinosis. The lesion was surgically removed with good results.
A small, pink, firm papule with a rough scaly surface and peripheral erythema located on the right superior helix of a 7‐month‐old boy. image Hemotoxylineosin stain revealed a defect of the epidermis with underlying fibrin deposits (original magnification,×20). image Subjacent to the ulcer, there was chondroid tissue, granulation tissue with prominent vascularity, and an extensive amount of amorphous calcified material throughout the dermis extending to the base of the specimen (hemotoxylineosin stain; original magnification, ×100). image
Dermatomyositis With Panniculitis
Authors: Carneiro Sueli , Alvim Giselle , Resende Patricia , Sousa Maria Auxiliadora Jeunon , Cuzzi Tullia , Ramos‐e‐Silva Marcia 
Published: February 2007

Case 1. A 23‐year‐old white housewife presented with an erythematous violaceous rash on her face, neck, chest, and limbs, particularly over the dorsum of the hands and fingers; diffuse alopecia; and an inability to climb stairs and get up from a low seat. The clinical examination showed red to violaceous well‐demarcated plaques on sun‐exposed areas on the dorsum of the fingers and hands, with periungual erythema and telangiectasia; facial erythema; and heliotrope rash. There was also symmetric involvement of proximal muscles of the limbs. Laboratory examination showed hypergammaglobulinemia, elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase, and serum alanine aminotransferase; normal activities of creatinokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and aldolase; an antinuclear antibody titer of 1:40 with a speckled pattern; negative anti‐DNA and anti‐Scl70; and normal serum complement levels (C3, C4, and CH50). Urinalysis results were within normal limits. Skin biopsy histopathology showed hyperkeratosis, edema of the upper epidermis, scattered inflammatory infiltrate, and focal accumulation of mucin in the form of acid mucopolysaccharides. Deep asymptomatic nodules on the inner upper limbs appeared later. Histopathology of these lesions showed focal areas of lobular panniculitis in the subcutaneous tissue, with lymphoplasmocytic inflammatory infiltrate without vasculitis (Figure 1 and Figure 2). Case 2. A 29‐year‐old white housewife presented with an erythematous violaceous rash on her face, neck, chest, and lower extremities. Clinical examination showed red to violaceous well‐demarcated aching plaques on the internal surface of the thighs and tips of the fingers; periungual erythema and digital petechiae; Raynaud's phenomenon; and bilateral ulnar and cervical enlarged lymph nodes. Laboratory examination showed elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatinokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and aldolase; negative venereal disease research test results; an antinuclear antibody titer of 1:1024 with speckled pattern; negative anti‐DNA and anti‐Scl70; and normal serum complement levels (C3, C4, and CH50). Urinalysis results were within normal limits. Histopathology of the deep asymptomatic nodule on the inner left thigh showed lobular panniculitis with a scattered inflammatory infiltrate and diffuse fat necrosis, in addition to calcium deposition between the lipocytes and microcysts without vasculitis (Figure 3). Focal areas of lobular panniculitis in the subcutaneous tissue with lymphoplasmocytic inflammatory infiltrate without vasculitis; hemotoxylin and eosin stain; original magnification ×100. image Lobular panniculitis in the subcutaneous tissue with a scattered inflammatory infiltrate and diffuse fat necrosis, in addition to calcium deposition between the lipocytes and microcysts without vasculitis; hemotoxylin and eosin stain; original magnification ×400. image
Histomorphometric and Mechanical Evaluation of the Bone‐Tissue Response to Implants Prepared with Different Orientation of Surface Topography
Authors: Hallgren Carin , Sawase Takashi , Örtengren Ulf , Wennerberg Ann 
Published: February 2007

ABSTRACT Background: Several studies have shown that in soft tissue, the orientation of surface topography affects cell response. However, the response of hard tissue to the orientation is not fully understood. Purpose: This study was undertaken to determine how orientation of the microstructure of implant surfaces influences bone healing. Materials and Methods: Forty cylindrical implants were prepared with a dominant orientation of the microstructure (20 with a horizontal orientation and 20 with a vertical orientation) and investigated in vivo. Three methods for surface topographic characterization were used to investigate the topography in different resolution levels. Results: Topographic analysis showed that a clear orientation was achieved at the implant surface, and a rougher surface structure was found on the vertically oriented grooves than on the horizontal ones. The implants were inserted in the tibia of 10 New Zealand White rabbits. Pull‐out tests and histomorphometric analyses of ground‐sections were made after 12 weeks of healing. The pull‐out test showed a higher mean value for the vertically grooved implants, but the difference was not significant. Histomorphometric analyses showed no statistically significant differences between the horizontally and the vertically grooved implants when measuring bone‐to‐implant contact or amount of bone area around the implant. Conclusions: No advantages could be found for either the horizontal or vertical orientation compared with each other, but further studies are needed in which implant roughness should be similar between the different topographies.
Application of Oxygen Ion Implantation to Titanium Surfaces: Effects on Surface Characteristics, Corrosion Resistance, and Bone Response
Authors: Sawase Takashi , Wennerberg Ann , Baba Koumei , Tsuboi Yoichi , Sennerby Lars , Johansson Carina B. , Albrektsson Tomas 
Published: February 2007

ABSTRACT Background: The surface oxide layer of titanium plays a decisive role in determining biocompatibility. However, there are some reports demonstrating that the natural oxide film may not be sufficiently protective in the aggressive biologic environment. Purpose: The goal of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a thick oxide layer on corrosion resistance in vitro and the bone formation around titanium implants in vivo. Materials and Methods: A plasma source ion implantation (PSII) method was used to increase the thickness of the surface oxide layer. Several instruments were employed to confirm the surface properties before and after the surface modification. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements in a phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) solution were carried out to investigate corrosion resistance in vitro. Bone formation around this surface‐modified specimen was examined in a rabbit model and assessed in histomorphometry. Results: Improved corrosion resistance was demonstrated by the potentiodynamic polarization measurements. Light microscopic histomorphometry showed that all implants were in contact with bone and had some proportion of bone within the threads at 4 weeks; however, there were no significant differences compared with as‐machined controls. Conclusions: The results indicate that in spite of improved corrosion resistance in vitro, a thick oxide layer fabricated with the PSII method does not influence early bone formation around titanium implants in vivo.
Transglobalism of Self‐exiled Hindus: The Case of Australia
Authors: Bilimoria Purushottama 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHindu diaspora is now a global phenomenon, from the early immigrant experience as coolie labourers through the transnational movement of professional Hindus/Indians to many corners of the globe. In this paper, I intend to contextualize Hindu diaspora experience in Australia in the broader theoretical thinking on transnational migration, globalization and heterogeneity. One concern is to understand how distinctive is the religious diaspora experience of Hindus in Australia from those of the international South Asia diaspora. Much literature on South Asians in the West neglect religion, while recent studies disclose the considerable prominence of religion in various communities, especially in comparison with the secularizing tendencies typical of many white societies.