bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid and sensitive lateral flow biosensor for the detection of GII human norovirus based on immunofluorescent nanomagnetic microspheres
Authors: Gao Junshan , Xue Liang , Li Yijing , Cai Weicheng , Miao Shuidi , Meng Luobing , Ren Shaolei , Zhang Jumei , Wang Juan , Wu Shi , Ye Qinghua , Chen Ling , Gu Qihui , Wu Qingping 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHuman norovirus (HuNoV) is the most predominant viral agents of acute gastroenteritis. Point‐of‐care testing (POCT) based on lateral flow immunochromatography (LIFC) has become an important tool for rapid diagnosis of HuNoVs. However, low sensitivity and lack of quantitation are the bottlenecks of traditional LIFC. Thus, we established a rapid and accurate technique that combined immunomagnetic enrichment (IM) with LFIC to identify GII HuNoVs in fecal specimens. Before preparing immunofluorescent nanomagnetic microspheres and achieving the effect of HuNoV enrichment in IM and fluorescent signal in LFIC, amino‐functionalized magnetic beads (MBs) and carboxylated quantum dots (QDs) were coupled at a mass ratio of 4:10. Anti‐HuNoV monoclonal antibody was then conjugated with QDs‐MB. The limit of detection was 1.56 × 104 copies/mL, and the quantitative detection range was 1.56 × 104 copies/mL–1 × 106 copies/mL under optimal circumstances. The common HuNoV genotypes GII.2, GII.3, GII.4, and GII.17 can be detected, there was no cross‐reaction with various enteric viruses, including rotavirus, astrovirus, enterovirus, and sapovirus. A comparison between IM‐LFIC and RT‐qPCR for the detection of 87 fecal specimens showed a high level of agreement (kappa = 0.799). This suggested that the method is rapid and sensitive, making it a promising option for point‐of‐care testing in the future.
Correlation between high‐risk HPV infection and p16/Ki‐67 abnormalities in Pap samples in a South Eastern Europe cohort
Authors: Shalaby Nevine A. , Tudorescu‐Morjan Claudiu , Manole Catalin Gabriel , Iacata Alexandra‐Antonela , Popovici Mirela Laura , Grecu Laura Iulia , Curici Antoanela 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer‐related deaths amongst women worldwide. CC represents a major global healthcare issue, and Romania ranks the worst in mortality rates amongst EU countries. However, the early detection of CC can be lifesaving. To understand the testing process undergone by women in Romania, we performed a retrospective study, and investigated a cohort of 83 785 cervical cases from Romanian women aged 15−70, obtained in private‐based opportunistic screening. We examined the correlation between Pap smear results, human papilloma virus (HPV) genotyping, and the expression of cell cycle markers p16 and Ki‐67. Analysis of Pap results revealed approximately 10% abnormal cases, of which high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions constituted 4.9%. HPV genotyping of 12 185 cases with available Pap results unveiled a range of high‐risk HPV (hrHPV) types associated with cervical abnormalities. Notably, 26% of hrHPV‐positive cases showed no observable abnormalities. In a subset of cases with abnormal Pap and a type of hrHPV, P16/Ki‐67 double‐staining was also positive. This study suggests the importance of an integrated diagnostic algorithm that should consider the HPV genotype, Pap smear, and p16/Ki‐67 staining. This algorithm should enhance the CC screening accuracy and its management strategies, particularly in those regions with a high disease burden, such as Romania.
Disease severity versus pain severity: Range of motion differences during single‐ and multiplanar tasks in women with carpometacarpal osteoarthritis
Authors: Ordonez Diaz Tamara , Licht Samuel , Wright Thomas W. , Nichols Jennifer A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn carpometacarpal osteoarthritis (CMC OA) of the thumb, to what extent treatments should be directed by radiographic disease severity versus pain‐based indicators remains an open question. To address this gap, this study investigated the relative impact of disease severity and pain severity on the range of motion in participants with CMC OA. We hypothesized larger differences would exist between extremes in the pain severity cohort than the disease severity cohort, suggesting pain modulates movement to a greater extent than joint degradation. Thirty‐one female participants (64.6 ± 10.9 years) were grouped as symptomatic or asymptomatic (pain severity cohort) and early stage OA or end‐stage OA (disease severity cohort) using radiographs and questionnaires. Kinematics were measured during single‐planar and multiplanar range of motion tasks. Joint angle differences between groups were statistically compared. Differences in self‐reported pain, function, and disability were evident in both participant cohorts. Notably, substantial distinctions emerged exclusively during multiplanar tasks, with a greater prevalence in the disease severity cohort compared to the pain severity cohort. Participants with end‐stage OA also exhibited similar overall area covered during circumduction in comparison to those with early‐stage OA, despite having a decreased range of motion at the CMC joint. The study underscores the importance of assessing multiplanar tasks, potentially leading to earlier identification of CMC OA. While movement compensations such as employing the distal thumb joints over the CMC joint were observed, delving deeper into the interplay between pain and movement could yield greater insight into the underlying factors steering these compensatory mechanisms.
Real‐world effectiveness of ustekinumab and vedolizumab in TNF‐exposed pediatric patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Patel Perseus V. , Zhang Amy , Bhasuran Balu , Ravindranath Vignesh G. , Heyman Melvin B. , Verstraete Sofia G. , Butte Atul J. , Rosen Michael J. , Rudrapatna Vivek A. ,   ImproveCareNow Pediatric IBD Learning Health System
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesVedolizumab (VDZ) and ustekinumab (UST) are second‐line treatments in pediatric patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) refractory to antitumor necrosis factor (anti‐TNF) therapy. Pediatric studies comparing the effectiveness of these medications are lacking. Using a registry from ImproveCareNow (ICN), a global research network in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease, we compared the effectiveness of UST and VDZ in anti‐TNF refractory UC.MethodsWe performed a propensity‐score weighted regression analysis to compare corticosteroid‐free clinical remission (CFCR) at 6 months from starting second‐line therapy. Sensitivity analyses tested the robustness of our findings to different ways of handling missing outcome data. Secondary analyses evaluated alternative proxies of response and infection risk.ResultsOur cohort included 262 patients on VDZ and 74 patients on UST. At baseline, the two groups differed on their mean pediatric UC activity index (PUCAI) (p = 0.03) but were otherwise similar. At Month 6, 28.3% of patients on VDZ and 25.8% of those on UST achieved CFCR (p = 0.76). Our primary model showed no difference in CFCR (odds ratio: 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.41–1.59) (p = 0.54). The time to biologic discontinuation was similar in both groups (hazard ratio: 1.26; 95% CI: 0.76–2.08) (p = 0.36), with the reference group being VDZ, and we found no differences in clinical response, growth parameters, hospitalizations, surgeries, infections, or malignancy risk. Sensitivity analyses supported these findings of similar effectiveness.ConclusionsUST and VDZ are similarly effective for inducing clinical remission in anti‐TNF refractory UC in pediatric patients. Providers should consider safety, tolerability, cost, and comorbidities when deciding between these therapies.
Surgical excision and radiotherapy for brain metastasis from colorectal cancer: How frailty and comorbidity indices influence outcome
Authors: Wong Chia‐En , Chang Yu , Huang Chi‐Chen , Hsu Hao‐Hsiang , Lai Yu‐Hsuan , Chang Kwang‐Yu , Huang Chih‐Yuan , Wang Liang‐Chao , Lee Jung‐Shun , Lee Po‐Hsuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe incidence of brain metastasis (BM) from colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing. This study aims to identify the clinical prognosticators and evaluate the prognostic validity of common comorbidity indices in patients with BM from CRC. This retrospective single‐center study analyzed 93 patients with BM from CRC who received surgical excision and/or radiotherapy. The clinical characteristics and prognostic indices including the 5‐item modified frailty index (mFI‐5) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) were calculated from the collected patient data and analyzed. In this study, 66 (71.0%), 10 (10.8%), and 17 (18.3%) patients received whole‐brain radiotherapy (WBRT) alone, surgery alone, and surgery plus WBRT, respectively. The median survival of all patients was 3.98 months (IQR: 1.74–7.99). The 2‐ and 3‐year survival rates were 7.4% and 3.7%, respectively. Controlled primary tumor (p = 0.048), solitary BM (p = 0.001), surgery + radiation (p < 0.001), and greater PNI (p = 0.001) were independent predictors of favorable survival. In surgically treated patients, uncontrolled primary tumor (p = 0.006), presence of multiple BM (p < 0.001), and MFI‐5 ≥ 2 (p = 0.038) were independent prognosticators. For patients who received WBRT, the presence of two (p = 0.004) or multiple (p < 0.001) BM and PNI (p < 0.001) were independent survival predictors MFI‐5, multiple BM, and the status of the primary tumor were independent prognosticators for patients who underwent surgery for CRCBM. For patients who received WBRT, the PNI and the number of BM were independent survival predictors.
An ethics framework for the transition to an operational learning healthcare system
Authors: Hollestelle Marieke J , van der Graaf Rieke , Sturkenboom Miriam CJM , van Delden Johannes JM 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionWhile Learning Healthcare Systems (LHSs) have received increasing attention in health care and research, the amount of operational LHSs remains limited. Given the investment of resources in these projects, a moral responsibility to pursue the transition toward an LHS falls on projects and their participating stakeholders. This paper provides an ethics framework for projects that have taken steps toward building an LHS and are in the position to transition to an operational LHS.MethodTo articulate relevant ethical requirements, we analyze established ethics frameworks in the fields of LHSs, data‐intensive health research, and transitioning or innovating health systems. The overlapping content and shared values are used to articulate overarching ethical requirements. To provide necessary context, we apply the insights from the analysis to the Innovative Medicines Initiative ConcePTION project. This project is specifically designed to generate knowledge on the safety of medications used during pregnancy and lactation through the establishment of an LHS.ResultsUpon analyzing the consulted frameworks, we identified four overlapping ethical requirements that are also of significant relevance within the scope of our ethics framework. These requirements are: (1) public benefit and favorable harm–benefit ratio; (2) equity and justice; (3) stakeholder engagement; and (4) sustainability. Additionally, we apply these ethical requirements to the context of an LHS for pregnant and lactating people.ConclusionAlthough tailored to the context of pregnancy and lactation, our ethics framework can provide guidance for the transition to an operational LHS across diverse healthcare domains.
Dissipative Particle Dynamics Study on the Phase Region of Spatial Gradient Materials Produced by Photoinduced Isomerization
Authors: Li Hui , Gao Kaiming , Zhao Haitao , Xue Zijian , Chen Zhenbin , Lu Xuefeng , Liu Hong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSpatial gradient materials occupy an important research position in the field of functional materials with their unique porous structure. Gradient changes in pore size and density distribution have received extensive attention in the fields of biomimetic and smart materials. The gradient transition law is mathematically related to the driving force of isomerization reaction and component phase separation. In this study, a dissipative particle dynamics simulation is used to introduce photoisomerization reactions into the system. Lambert's law is used to construct a reaction model for the variation of light intensity with irradiation depth, and a gradient structure with a spatial transition law is obtained. The effects of the extinction coefficient ε, the initial reaction probability Pr0, and the interactions α(A,B) between the isomerized molecules as well as the viscosity on the formation of the gradient structure are investigated in detail. Furthermore, the mathematical proportionality between the size of the phase region and interfacial energy of the two phases is elucidated. This study provides preliminary computational insights into the factors affecting the photoinduced phase separation process of polymeric gradient materials. It may help to develop effective strategies to improve the phase separation and properties of polymer gradient materials in subsequent studies.
Survival among patients receiving eteplirsen for up to 8 years for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and contextualization with natural history controls
Authors: Iff Joel , Done Nicolae , Tuttle Edward , Zhong Yi , Wei Fangzhou , Darras Basil T. , McDonald Craig M. , Mercuri Eugenio , Muntoni Francesco 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsEteplirsen, approved in the US for patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) with exon 51 skip‐amenable variants, is associated with attenuated ambulatory/pulmonary decline versus DMD natural history (NH). We report overall survival in a US cohort receiving eteplirsen and contextualize these outcomes versus DMD NH.MethodsUS patients with DMD receiving eteplirsen were followed through a patient support program, with data collected on ages at eteplirsen initiation and death/end of follow‐up. Individual DMD NH data were extracted by digitizing Kaplan–Meier (KM) curves from published systematic and targeted literature reviews. Overall survival age was analyzed using KM curves and contextualized with DMD NH survival curves; subanalyses considered age groups and duration of eteplirsen exposure. Overall survival time from treatment initiation was also evaluated.ResultsA total of 579 eteplirsen‐treated patients were included. During a total follow‐up of 2119 person‐years, median survival age was 32.8 years. DMD NH survival curves extracted from four publications (follow‐up for 1224 DMD NH controls) showed overall pooled median survival age of 27.4 years. Eteplirsen‐treated patients had significantly longer survival from treatment initiation versus age‐matched controls (age‐adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.44–0.98; p < .05). Longer treatment exposure was associated with improved survival (HR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.05–0.41; p < .001). Comparisons using different DMD NH cohorts to address common risks of bias yielded consistent findings.DiscussionData suggest eteplirsen may prolong survival in patients with DMD across a wide age range. As more data become available, the impact of eteplirsen on survival will be further elucidated.
Sequelae and post‐thrombotic syndrome after venous thromboembolism in acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors treated on the NOPHO ALL2008 protocol
Authors: Dam Merete , Lynggaard Line Stensig , Jónsson Ólafur G. , Saulyte Trakymiene Sonata , Palk Katrin , Jarvis Kirsten , Andrés‐Jensen Liv , Tuckuviene Ruta , Albertsen Birgitte Klug 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is frequently complicated by toxicity, including venous thromboembolism (VTE) affecting roughly 8% of patients. VTE can lead to post‐thrombotic syndrome (PTS), a group of signs and symptoms developed as a complication to deep venous thrombosis (DVT), imposing risk of permanent disability and reduced quality of life (QoL). PTS prevalence ranges from 0% to 70%, reflecting very heterogenous cohorts and assessment tools. We aimed to estimate sequelae, including PTS and QoL in children and adults (<45 years old) who had a DVT during ALL treatment. PTS and QoL scores were obtained through use of Villalta and Modified Villalta Scale, PedsQL, and Short Form‐36 questionnaires. The cohort comprised 20 children (<18 years) and seven adults (median age: 12.9 years, range: 2–44 years) at the time of DVT diagnosis. In total, 25 ALL survivors underwent PTS examination. The examination took place when survivors were 7–48 years (median age: 20.3 years, median follow‐up time 6.8 years). QoL was assessed correlating cases with three matching ALL survivors without VTE. Two adults (15.4%) showed mild or moderate PTS. Eight children (66.7%) were diagnosed with mild PTS, while three cases had collaterals as sole symptoms. Pain or symptoms affecting daily life were reported by 16%. No difference in QoL was found (p = .9). This study underscores the need for comprehensive population‐based investigations with validation of PTS instruments in ALL survivors.
Resiliency in the Jackson Water Crisis: Investigating the roles of social vulnerability and U.S. Federal Subsidiarity Assistance
Authors: Arterberry Latara M. , Nukpezah Julius A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe City of Jackson, Mississippi, has faced numerous problems related to its water supply in the last three decades. The most recent water crisis stemmed from the flooding of two water treatment plants, resulting in contamination and the shutting down of the water supply. The study examines antecedents to the Jackson Water Crisis and how it was addressed. The article investigates the following questions: (1) What is the effect of jurisdictional vulnerability on the resiliency of the Jackson Water Crisis, and (2) What role does the subsidiarity principle play in the resiliency of the Jackson Water Crisis? The study draws from social vulnerability theory to investigate Jackson's changing racial demographics starting in 1970 to understand the crisis. It then draws from the subsidiarity principle that underpins federal assistance to subnational governments to explain how multilevel governments cooperate to address social inequity and create a more resilient community.
Fault estimation for a class of nonlinear systems using the improved intermediate estimator
Authors: Goli Mahdi , Bolandi Hossein , Ebadollahi Saeed 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper focused on fault estimation in Lipschitz nonlinear systems by providing an improved intermediate estimator (IIE). The core feature of an intermediate estimator is to simultaneously estimate the fault and states of the system without considering the matching condition. Since fault estimation is the first step of the process to compensate for its effect, the system performance can be further improved by making more accurate fault estimation. The structure of the nominal intermediate estimator (NIE) was modified by being inspired by the proportional‐integral (PI) controller to improve the performance characteristics of the estimator, such as convergence rate, overshoot, and steady‐state error. The estimation equation was assumed as such in the proposed estimator structure that the estimated fault would have a PI structure of the output estimation error. This has increased the number of design parameters, improving the estimator performance in transient and steady‐state. The NIE can be indeed known as a particular case of the IIE since the proposed estimator benefits from all the advantages of an NIE while improving the estimation performance. The states of the error system were proven to be uniformly ultimately bounded according to Lyapunov stability theory and using the LMI method, as well as the appropriate selection of parameters. The analysis of the theory, simulation, and comparing the results of the proposed method with the NIE method reveal the capabilities and advantages of the proposed method.
Attack reconstruction‐based resilient consensus tracking for multi‐agent systems with distributed adaptive control protocol
Authors: Li Zifei , Wang Wei , Huang Jiangshuai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article considers the distributed secure consensus tracking control problem for multi‐agent systems (MASs) with relative output information. To tackle the potential false‐data‐injection (FDI) attacks on both the communication between physical components and the control center at the agent level, as well as the message transmission between connected agents, local sliding mode observers (SMO) and distributed observers are proposed for each agent. By introducing reconstructed signals for attacks and smooth terms to compensate the unknown input in the leader agent's dynamics, a distributed adaptive consensus protocol with relative output information is proposed. The closed‐loop stability is analyzed by introducing a novel Lyapunov function. It is shown that all closed‐loop signals are globally uniformly bounded and asymptotically consensus tracking can be achieved. Simulation results are provided to validate the theoretical findings.
LiDAR‐based automated UAV inspection of wind turbine rotor blades
Authors: Castelar Wembers Carlos , Pflughaupt Jasper , Moshagen Ludmila , Kurenkov Michael , Lewejohann Tim , Schildbach Georg 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe global trend indicates that overall wind energy production, both onshore and offshore, will increase drastically in the next decade. Therefore, presently, much effort is focused on optimizing the operation and maintenance of wind turbines, since these are quite challenging and cost‐intensive. To aid or even completely fulfill a specific inspection task, an automated solution is proposed in this paper. The prototype is built on an M300 drone platform from DJI Technology Co. and is presented here. It requires a single, additional 2D‐LiDAR sensor mounted on an upwards frame. The proposed control and path planning algorithms have been tested in the AirSim simulation environment, as well as in local model airfields and at real onshore and offshore wind turbines. As a result, a comprehensive sequential‐phased mission is presented, which reduces the total time required for the inspection routine to approximately 14 min, representing about half the time an expert pilot may need for the same task. Additionally, a platform prototype that may be deployed on a ship's deck for a safe landing is presented. It guarantees instant adhesion upon contact and avoids unwanted drone backlash due to sudden and unexpected ship movement during the landing approach. Further work will focus mainly on additional offshore flight probes, optimizing the landing platform, and tuning the flight algorithms.