bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and genomic characterization of chemoradiation-resistant HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Guo Theresa , Zamuner Fernando , Ting Stephanie , Chen Liam , Rooper Lisa , Tamayo Pablo , Fakhry Carole , Gaykalova Daria , Mehra Ranee 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionMost patients with HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) have an excellent response to chemoradiation, and trials are now investigating de-escalated treatment. However, up to 25% of patients with HPV-positive OPSCC will experience recurrence, and up to 5% will even progress through primary treatment. Currently, there are no molecular markers to identify patients with poor prognosis who would be harmed by de-escalation. Herein we report the clinical and genomic characteristics of persistent HPV-positive OPSCC after definitive platinum-based chemoradiation therapy.MethodsPatients with HPV-positive OPSCC treated with curative intent platinum-based chemoradiation between 2007 and 2017 at two institutions and with a persistent locoregional disease were included. We evaluated clinical characteristics, including smoking status, age, stage, treatment, and overall survival. A subset of five patients had tissue available for targeted exome DNA sequencing and RNA sequencing. Genomic analysis was compared to a previously published cohort of 47 treatment-responsive HPV+ OPSCC tumors after batch correction. Mutational landscape, pathway activation, and OncoGPS tumor states were employed to characterize these tumors.ResultsTen patients met the inclusion criteria. The tumor and nodal stages ranged from T1 to T4 and N1 to N2 by AJCC 8th edition staging. All patients were p16-positive by immunohistochemistry, and eight with available in situ hybridization were confirmed to be HPV-positive. The 1-year overall survival from the time of diagnosis was 57%, and the 2-year overall survival was 17%. TP53 mutations were present in three of five (60%) persistent tumors compared to 2% (one of 47) of treatment-responsive HPV-positive tumors (p = 0.008). Other genes with recurrent mutations in persistent HPV-positive OPSCC tumors were NF1, KMT2D, PIK3C2B, and TFGBR2. Compared to treatment-responsive HPV-positive tumors, persistent tumors demonstrated activation of DNA Repair and p53, EMT, MYC, SRC, and TGF-beta signaling pathways, with post-treatment samples demonstrating significant activation of the PI3K-EMT-Stem pathways compared to pretreatment samples.ConclusionChemoradiation-resistant HPV-positive OPSCC occurs infrequently but portends a poor prognosis. These tumors demonstrate higher rates of p53 mutation and activation of MYC, SRC, and TGF-beta pathways. A comparison of tumors before and after treatment demonstrates PI3K-EMT-Stem pathways post-treatment in HPV-positive tumors with persistent disease after platinum-based chemoradiation.
Anesthetic managements, morbidities and mortalities in retroperitoneal sarcoma patients experiencing perioperative massive blood transfusion
Authors: Wang Jun , Chen Jun , Liu Kunpeng , Zhang Hua , Wei Yue , Suo Libin , Lan Shuang , Wang Yanzhen , Luo Chenghua , Yao Lan 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveGiven high risks of major bleeding during retroperitoneal sarcoma(RPS) surgeries, severe complications and deaths are common to see perioperatively. Thus, effective anesthetic management is the key point to ensuring the safety of patients. This study aimed to introduce anesthesia management and mortalities in RPS patients receiving massive blood transfusions during surgeries.MethodsRecords of RPS surgeries under general anesthesia from January 2016 through December 2021 were retrospectively retrieved from our database. Patients who received massive blood transfusions (MBT) exceeding 20 units in 24h duration of operations were finally included in this study. Demographics, modalities of anesthesia management, blood loss, transfusion, peri-anesthesia biochemical tests as well as morbidities and mortalities were collected. Risk factors of postoperative 60d mortality were determined through logistic regression in uni-and multi-variety analysis using the statistics software STATA 17.0.ResultsA total of 70 patients (male 31) were included. The mean age was 50.1 ± 15.8 years. All patients received combined resections of sarcoma with involved organs under general anesthesia. Mean operation time and anesthesia time were 491.7 ± 131.1mins and 553.9 ± 132.6mins, respectively. The median intraoperative blood loss was 7000ml (IQR 5500,10000ml). Median red blood cells (RBC) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusion were 25.3u (IQR 20,28u), and 2400ml (IQR 2000,3000ml), respectively. Other blood products infusions included prothrombin complex concentrate (PCCs), fibrinogen concentrate (FC), platelet(plt) and albumin(alb) in 82.9% (58/70), 88.6% (62/70), 81.4% (57/70) and 12.9% (9/70) of patients. The postoperative severe complication rate(Clavien-Dindo grade≥3a) was 35.7%(25/70). A total of 7 patients (10%) died during the postoperative 60-day period. BMI, volumes of crystalloid infusion in anesthesia, and hemoglobin and lactate levels at the termination of operation were found significantly associated with postoperative occurrence of death in univariate analysis. In logistic multivariate analysis, extended anesthesia duration was found associated with postoperative venous thrombosis embolism (VTE) and severe complication. The lactate level at the immediate termination of the operation was the only risk factor related to perioperative death (p&lt;0.05).ConclusionRPS patients who endure MBT in surgeries face higher risks of death postoperatively, which needs precise and effective anesthesia management in high-volume RPS centers. Increased blood lactate levels might be predictors of postoperative deaths which should be noted.
Risk stratification of stage II rectal mucinous adenocarcinoma to predict the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy following neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery
Authors: Liang Yahang , Liao Hualin , Shi Haoran , Li Tao , Liu Yaxiong , Yuan Yuli , Li Mingming , Li Aidi , Liu Yang , Yao Yao , Li Taiyuan 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundThe treatment strategy for stage II rectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (RMA) recommends neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCR) followed by total mesorectal excision (TME). However, the necessity of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) remains controversial.Materials and methodsChi-square test was used to assess the relationship between pathological classification, AC and clinicopathological characteristics. Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves and the log-rank test were utilized to analyze differences in overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) among different groups. Cox regression identified prognostic factors. Nomogram was established utilizing the independent prognostic factors. X-tile divided patients into three risk subgroups.ResultsCompared to RMA, rectal adenocarcinoma (RA) demonstrates longer OS and CSS in all and non-AC stage II patients, with no difference in OS and CSS for AC stage II patients. Propensity score matching analyses yielded similar results. Stratified analysis found that AC both improve OS of RA and RMA patients. Age, gender, pathologic T stage, regional nodes examined, and tumor size were identified as independent prognostic factors for RMA patients without AC. A nomogram was constructed to generate risk scores and categorize RMA patients into three subgroups based on these scores. KM curves revealed AC benefits for moderate and high-risk groups but not for the low-risk group. The external validation cohort yielded similar results.ConclusionsIn summary, our study suggests that, compared to stage II RA patients, stage II RMA patients benefit more from AC after NCR. AC is recommended for moderate and high-risk stage II RMA patients after NCR, whereas low-risk patients do not require AC.
Localized hamstring bioimpedance in marathon runners is related to muscle high-energy enzyme serum levels and predicts race time
Authors: Nescolarde Lexa , Yanguas Javier , Hernández-Hermoso José A. 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The aim was to analyze the response of serum levels of inflammatory, high-energy muscle biomarkers and hamstring localized bioimpedance (L-BIA) measurements to marathon running and to ascertain whether they correlate with each other or with race time.Methods: Blood samples and hamstrings tetra-polar L-BIA measurements from 14 Caucasian male recreational athletes at the Barcelona Marathon 2019 were collected at base line, immediately after and 48 h post-race. Serum C reactive protein (sCRP), creatinine kinase (sCK) and lactate dehydrogenase (sLDH) were determined using an AU-5800 chemistry analyzer. L-BIA was obtained at 50 kHz with a Quantum V Segmental phase-sensitive bioimpedance analyzer.Results: Median sCRP increased (4-fold) after 48 h post-race. Median sCK and sLDH levels increased immediately post-race (3-fold, 2-fold) and 48h post-race (5-fold, 1-fold). Left, right and combined hamstring reactance (Xc) and phase angle (PhA) increased immediately post-race. Xc combined hamstring pre- and immediately post-race correlated with race-time and with sCK and sLDH median levels pre-race. Xc combined hamstring pre- and immediately post-race &gt; 15.6 Ω and 15.8 Ω, respectively, predicted the race time of 3:00:00 h.Conclusion: L-BIA reactance (Xc) is an objective direct, real time, easy, noninvasive bioelectrical parameter that may predict muscle and marathon athlete performance.
Understanding the social–emotional components of our “number sense”: insights from a novel non-symbolic numerical comparison task
Authors: Mielicki Marta K. , Mbarki Rahma , Wang Jinjing Jenny 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionA large body of work has identified a core sense of number supported by the Approximate Number System (ANS) that is present in infancy and across species. Although it is commonly assumed that the ANS directly processes perceptual input and is relatively independent from affective factors, some evidence points at a correlation between ANS performance and math anxiety. However, the evidence is mixed. We tested whether giving participants active control in completing a numerical task would change the relationship between math anxiety on performance.MethodsAdult participants (N = 103) completed a novel four-alternative-forced-choice non-symbolic numerical comparison task. In a repeated-measures design, participants either passively viewed different dot arrays or actively chose to view each array (i.e., active information-seeking) before deciding on the largest quantity. Participants also provided confidence judgments during the passive version of the task.ResultsWe replicated the ratio-dependent signature in participants’ accuracy in both the passive and active versions of the task using this novel paradigm, as well as in trial-level confidence judgments and information-seeking behavior. Participants’ self-reported math anxiety significantly correlated with their accuracy on the passive version of the task. Critically, the correlation disappeared in the active version of the task. Gender also emerged as a predictor of confidence judgments and a moderator of the effect of task on overall accuracy and the effect of active information seeking on accuracy in the active version of the task. Exploratory analysis of estimated Weber Fraction suggests that these results may be driven by auxiliary factors instead of changes in ANS acuity.ConclusionThese findings have implications for understanding the relationship between math anxiety and performance on numerical tasks.
The effect of positive inter-group contact on cooperation: the moderating role of individualism
Authors: Xiao Rikui , Li Shuxin 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionThe effect of intergroup contact on cooperation is well documented, but little is known about the cultural moderators of this relationship. Contributing to the literature, we examined whether cultural orientation moderates the effect of positive intergroup contact on cooperation and places emphasis on individualism.MethodsBy creating a gamecooperation situation by the trust game paradigm, 322 Taiwanese youth were involved in the study and completed the positive intergroup contact scale, individual-collectivism scale, and social distance scale.Results(1) positive intergroup contact effectively promotes cooperative behavior; (2) Taiwanese youth who have closer social distance with mainland youth demonstrate higher levels of cooperative behavior after group interactions than larger social distance; and (3) individualism has a significant moderating role in the relationship between positive inter-group contact and cooperation. The effect of positive inter-group contact on cooperation became stronger in the less individualistic group. The effect of social distance on cooperation became stronger in the less individualistic group.Cultural orientation represented by individualism is proved to be one moderato of the intergroup contact-cooperation relationship.
Validation of factor structure of the neurodevelopmental parent report for outcome monitoring in down syndrome: confirmatory factor analysis
Authors: Baumer Nicole T. , Pawlowski Katherine G. , Zhang Bo , Sideridis Georgios 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionThe Neurodevelopmental Parent Report for Outcome Monitoring (ND-PROM), initially developed to monitor developmental and behavioral functions in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), assesses symptoms across a wide range of domains relevant in Down syndrome (DS).MethodsPsychometric properties of ND-PROM were assessed in 385 individuals with DS and 52 with a combined diagnosis of DS and ASD (DS+ASD), whose caregivers completed the ND-PROM questionnaire for a clinical visit in a specialized Down syndrome program at a tertiary pediatric hospital. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to evaluate the internal structure validity of the ND-PROM. Measurement invariance was assessed, with a comparison group of 246 individuals with ASD, and latent mean differences between the DS and ASD-only groups, as well as the combined DS+ASD groups, were assessed.ResultsFindings support the existence of the 12 clinically-derived factors in the DS population: Expressive Language, Receptive Language, Adaptive skills/Toileting, Social Emotional Understanding, Social Interaction, Independent Play, Sensory Processes, Challenging Behaviors, Impulse/ADHD, and Mental Health. Differences in response patterns of development and behaviors were observed between those with DS and those with ASD, including those with DS having higher abilities in nonverbal communication, social emotional understanding, and social interaction, and fewer restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests, impulsivity or ADHD symptoms, and mental health concerns compared to those with ASD. Individuals in the DS+ASD group had more difficulties with expressive and receptive language, nonverbal and social communication, social interaction, independent play, and adaptive skills than either the DS-only group or the ASD-only groups.DiscussionThe ND-PROM has a desirable factor structure and is a valid and clinically useful tool that captures a range of distinct and independent areas of developmental and behavioral functioning in DS, for individuals with and without an ASD diagnosis.
Suboptimal child healthcare practices and the development of multiple infectious diseases in children aged 24–59 months
Authors: Sulistiyowati Ning , Tjandrarini Dwi Hapsari , Titaley Christiana Rialine , Que Bertha J. , Hidayangsih Puti Sari , Suparmi  , Sudikno Sudikno , Purwatiningsih Yuni , Indrawati Lely , Siahaan Selma , Adyarani Windy Pradita 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundInfections continue to be a major cause of death among children under the age of five worldwide. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the development of multiple infectious diseases in children aged 24–59 months in Indonesia.MethodsData from the 2018 Basic Health Research conducted by the Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia, were used. Information from 39,948 children aged 24–59 months was analyzed. The outcome variable was the development of multiple infectious diseases, that is, acute respiratory infections, pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, diarrhea, and hepatitis, in the month before the survey. Factors significantly associated with multiple types of infectious diseases were examined using logistic regression.ResultsThe study found that 76.6% of children aged 24 to 59 months in Indonesia had at least one type of infectious disease. The likelihood of developing multiple types of infectious diseases increased in children whose parents did not practice appropriate handwashing with soap and running water [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.16, p &lt; 0.001], those who received supplemental food (aOR = 1.38, p &lt; 0.001), those with poor nutritional status (aOR = 1.12, p &lt; 0.001), and those living in urban areas (aOR = 1.07, p = 0.045).ConclusionImproving caregivers’ awareness of adequate child healthcare practices, in addition to nutrition-sensitive and specific interventions to improve children’s nutritional status, is required to prevent children from contracting multiple types of infectious diseases.
Injury prevalence and associated factors among Japanese lacrosse collegiate athletes
Authors: Kimura Takeshi , Mącznik Aleksandra Katarzyna , Kinoda Akira , Yamada Yuichi , Muramoto Yuki , Katsumata Yoshinori , Sato Kazuki 
Published: March 2024

ContextSports injuries have a substantial impact on athletes' performance and health. To reduce the risk of an injury occurring, the prevalence, localization, and severity need to be established.ObjectiveTo examine the prevalence of sports injuries in collegiate lacrosse athletes.DesignDescriptive epidemiological study using online survey design.SettingJapanese universities associated with UNIVAS.ParticipantsA total of 1,689 Japanese collegiate lacrosse athletes, 978 females and 701 males.Main outcome measuresAthletes were surveyed on the injuries within the previous year, their severity, localization, and onset characteristics. The support of an athletic trainer and its association with the odds of sustaining an injury was assessed. Factors related to injuries were explored.ResultsOne-year prevalence of injuries was 42%. Male sex, higher year at the university, and support from an athletic trainer were identified as factors related to higher odds of sustaining an injury and practicing at least 5 days per week was associated with lower odds of sustaining an injury.ConclusionsMale sex athletes, and athletes at the higher year at university are especially at risk of sustaining a lacrosse injury. The aspects of training (e.g., frequency, volume) should be investigated across the athlete development process to address these findings. Further investigation is needed to determine the extent to which the support of athletic trainers affects both the frequency and severity of injuries in lacrosse athletes.
Effects of Orography on the High-Temperature Event on 22 June 2023 in North China
Authors: Wu Haoyang , Xu Xin , Wang Yuan 
Published: March 2024

An extreme high-temperature event occurred in North China on 22 June 2023, with the maximum temperature reaching 41.8 °C. The high-temperature centers preferentially occurred at the foothills of the Taihang and Yanshan Mountains, indicating an important role of the underlying orography. In the present work, we study the orographic effects of this extreme high-temperature event according to high-resolution numerical simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting model. The results show that the presence of the mountains in North China contributed notably to the high-temperature event, which can enhance the 2 m air temperature by up to 3 °C. In the daytime, the enhancement of temperature is primarily due to the diabatic heating of sensible heat flux at the terrain surface caused by solar shortwave radiation, whereas the well-known foehn effect has little contribution. Indeed, the dynamically forced downslope flow of foehn is totally suppressed by the upslope flow of the thermally driven mountain-plain circulation. In the nighttime, the sensible heat flux at the terrain surface changes to weakly negative, given the cooling of land surface longwave radiation. As a result, the enhancement of near-surface temperature at the terrain foothill is dominated by the adiabatic warming of downslope flow. Yet, the near-surface temperature far away from the mountain is enhanced by the subsidence warming of a synoptic anomalous anti-cyclone, which is induced by the diabatic heating over the mountains in the daytime. These findings help improve the understanding of the thermal and dynamical effects of orography on the occurrence of high-temperature events.
Caracterização e relação entre variáveis sociodemográficas e prática de atividade física entre adultos
Authors: Silva Francisca Thamilis Pereira da , Leal Nahadja Tahaynara Barros , Moura Paloma Lima , Moura Érika Martins de , Silva Danilla Michelle Costa e , Santos Luis Eduardo Soares dos , Araújo Ana Klisse Silva , Formiga Laura Maria Feitosa 
Published: March 2024

Introdução: A realização de atividade física está associada a benefícios à saúde, incluindo bem-estar físico, psicológico e social. A modernidade com sua forma de organização e avanços tem se caracterizado pela diminuição da prática por vários motivos, implicando em consequências aos indivíduos. Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre variáveis sociodemográficas, prática de atividade física e Questionário de Atividade Física (IPAQ). Método: Este estudo transversal de base populacional foi realizado com 526 adultos em um município do Piauí de 2018 a 2021. Foram coletadas variáveis sociodemográficas, prática de atividade física e variáveis referentes ao IPAQ. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas usando os testes Exato de Fisher e U de Mann Whitney. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes eram do sexo feminino, autodeclarados pardos, casados ou em união estável, católicos, com ensino médio completo, trabalho e idade média de 38,57 (38,6) anos. A maioria dos participantes (54,2%) foi classificada como sendo “ativos” quanto às práticas de atividade física, estando essa variável associada ao sexo feminino. As demais variáveis não mostraram associação significativa. Conclusão: As variáveis sociodemográficas e de prática de atividade física estão relacionadas principalmente com o sexo.