bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dense wavelength division multiplexing scheme based on effective distributed inline light fiber Raman amplifier configuration
Authors: Ramkumar Govindaraj , Devi Perumal Kalpana , Shankar Vinodhini , Pandarinathan Sivaraman , Eshwar Rajinikanth , Sukumar Binu , Omran Omar Karem 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper demonstrated the dense wavelength division multiplexing scheme based on effective distributed inline light fiber Raman amplifier configuration. Various forward/backward and bidirectional pumping power configurations are studied versus fiber reach. Output light signal power is demonstrated against fiber reach without Raman amplification technique. Output light signal power in the forward Raman amplification scheme is clarified with pumping power of both 500 mW and 700 mW in various fiber channel configurations. As well as output light signal power in the backward Raman amplification scheme with pumping power of both 500 mW and 700 mW in various fiber channel configurations. Amplification Raman gain parameter coefficient is demonstrated with various values of pumping power pump based on various fiber channel configurations. Backward amplification net parameter gain is studied for different single mode/true wave/freelight fibers channel configuration at different both pumping power values and fiber reach. As well as the forward amplification net parameter gain is clarified for different single mode/true wave/freelight fibers channel configuration at different both pumping power values and fiber reach.
Optical communication enhanced IDMBOC for maximizing backhaul-effect & maintaining optimum cell sizes
Authors: Mankar Kanchan , Varade Suchita 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The increasing need for high data rates and low latency in optical communication networks necessitates innovative solution for system efficiency enhancements. With the persistent increase in data demand and the emergence of diverse applications in 5G networks, minimizing the backhaul-effect while maintaining optimal cell sizes has become a formidable obstacle. Existing methods are incapable of achieving a comprehensive optimization of network parameters, resulting in degraded performance metrics. To address these constraints, our proposed approach integrates optical communication infrastructure into IDMBOC systems which maximizes backhaul-effect and preserves optimal cell sizes. This work is primarily motivated by the need to improve the efficiency and quality of 5G networks in the face of rising data traffic. Existing methods frequently struggle to optimize concurrently multiple 5G network aspects, such as carrier aggregation, dynamic spectrum sharing, packet prioritization, network function virtualization, frequency planning, HetNets deployments, and network slicing process. As a result, these methods are incapable of delivering robust and scalable solutions. To solve these issues, we present an Iterative dual metaheuristic method that combines ant lion optimization (ALO) and grey wolf optimization (GWO) in a synergistic manner for 5G deployments. The proposed method is functionally superior to existing models. By capitalizing on the strengths of both ALO and GWO, our approach achieves superior performance metrics in comparison to recently proposed methods for maximizing backhaul-effect and maintaining optimal cell sizes. The preliminary results reveal a remarkable 8.3 % reduction in bit error rate (BER), 4.9 % reduction in energy consumption, 8.5 % increase in throughput, and 4.5 % reduction in communication delay. The achieved results demonstrate the revolutionary potential of our 5G network optimization approach and pave the way for future research and advancements in the field for different scenarios. These enhancements will revolutionize optical communication networks in order to accommodate the requirements of 5G, IoT, and other contemporary applications.
Evaluating the impact of childhood BMI on the risk of coronavirus disease 2019: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Liu Yuan , Miu Yujian , Zhang Ningjie , Yu Wenhao , Chen Yu , Zhang Jianli , Zhang Bo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Although the correlation between childhood obesity and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been explored, the causality of these remains uncertain. Thus, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to identify the causal association.

Methods
Instrumental variables of childhood obesity were selected from genome-wide association study involving 61,111 Europeans. Besides, we collected summary statistics of different COVID-19 outcomes (susceptibility, hospitalization, and severity) from genome-wide association study including more than 2 million Europeans. The inverse-variance weighted was applied to assess the causality of childhood obesity with COVID-19. Furthermore, we replicated the above association based on another study.

Results
Inverse-variance weighted results suggested that childhood obesity promoted the COVID-19 susceptibility but has not been validated in other approaches. For hospitalization and severity of COVID-19, we found that childhood obesity, respectively, increased 30 and 38% risk (P < 0.001), which were consistent in other MR approaches.

Discussion
Our study provides evidence for a causal relationship between childhood BMI and COVID-19 which is consistent with previous studies. Though these explanations are biologically plausible, further studies are warranted to elucidate the role of these.

Conclusions
Our study suggests the potential causal associations of childhood obesity with COVID-19, especially hospitalization and severity of COVID-19.
Migration Crisis in the Andes: A Case Study of Localization and Acompañamiento from Medellin, Colombia
Authors: Appe Susan , Araque Lenis Yelin , Telch Fabian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this article, we explore the question: how do local nonprofits respond to migration crises? We focus on the migration context across Colombia and Venezuela, two countries situated in the Andean region of South America with histories of migratory patterns, and geographies where public goods and services by government are limited, leaving nonprofits often as primary service providers. We explore our research question through the case study of the nonprofit organization Fundación Huellas. The Fundación Huellas case study outlines a local, community-based nonprofit responding to a migration crisis in Medellín, Colombia. While micro-territorial in scope, we posit that the case helps to understand the role(s) of nonprofit organizations in migration crises and demonstrates an important dimension to localization in the provision of public goods and services in such contexts. We find that localization should be explored and understood in Latin America as including the dimension of “acompañamiento” (or accompaniment in English), which can manifest in daily nonprofit practice. We use our case study data to introduce and explain the dimension of “acompañamiento” in localization and migration crises and to call on the field and funders to better recognize and support this orientation in local nonprofit responses.
An extended model to assess Jeffery–Hamel blood flow through arteries with iron-oxide (Fe2O3) nanoparticles and melting effects: Entropy optimization analysis
Authors: Rehman Sohail , Alqahtani Sultan , Eldin Sayed M. , Hashim  , Alshehery Sultan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNanofluids are utilized in cancer therapy to boost therapeutic effectiveness and prevent adverse reactions. These nanoparticles are delivered to the cancerous tissues under the influence of radiation through the blood vessels. In the current study, the propagation of nanoparticles within the blood in a divergent/convergent vertical channel with flexible boundaries is elaborated computationally. The base fluid (Carreau fluid model) is speculated to be blood, whereas nanofluid is believed to be an iron oxide–blood mixture. Because of its shear thinning or shear thickening features, the Carreau fluid model more precisely depicts the rheological characteristics of blood. The arterial section is considered a convergent or divergent channel based on its topological configuration (non-uniform cross section). An iron oxide (Fe2O3{\rm{F}}{{\rm{e}}}_{2}{{\rm{O}}}_{3}) nanoparticle is injected into the blood (base fluid). To eliminate the viscous effect in the region of the artery wall, a slip boundary condition is applied. An analysis of the transport phenomena is preferred using the melting heat transfer phenomena, which can work in melting plaques or fats at the vessel walls. The effects of thermal radiation, which is advantageous in cancer therapy, biomedical imaging, hyperthermia, and tumor therapy, are incorporated in heat transport mechanisms. The governing equation for the flow model with realistic boundary conditions is numerically tickled using the RK45 mechanism. The findings reveal that the flow dynamism and thermal behavior are significantly influenced by melting effects. HigherRe\mathrm{Re}can produce spots in which the track of the wall shear stress fluctuates. The melting effects can produce agitation and increase the flow through viscous head losses, causing melting of the blockage. The maximum heat transfer of5%5 \%is achieved withWe{\rm{We}}when the volume friction is kept at1%1 \%. With higher estimation of inertial forcesRe\mathrm{Re}\hspace{1em}and same volume friction, the skin drag coefficient augmented to34%34 \%. The overall temperature is greater for the divergent flow scenario.
Effects of Repeated High-Intensity Effort Training or Repeated Sprint Training on Repeated High-Intensity Effort Ability and In-Game Performance in Professional Rugby Union Players
Authors: Glaise Paul , Rogowski Isabelle , Martin Cyril 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Glaise, P, Rogowski, I, and Martin, C. Effects of repeated high-intensity effort training or repeated sprint training on repeated high-intensity effort ability and in-game performance in professional rugby union players. J Strength Cond Res 38(5): 932–940, 2024—This study investigated the effects of repeated high-intensity efforts (RHIE) training compared with repeated sprint exercise (RSE) training on RHIE ability (RHIEa) and in-game performance in professional rugby union players. Thirty-nine, male, professional, rugby union players were randomly assigned to 3 training groups (RHIE training, RSE training, and control). Repeated high-intensity effort ability and high-intensity effort characteristics (including sprints, acceleration, and contact efforts) during official games were measured before and after a 10-week specific (RHIE, RSE, or control) training period. The results of this study showed that concerning RHIEa, both the RHIE and RSE training significantly increased the players' average sprint velocity (p < 0.001, d = −0.39 and p < 0.001, d = −0.53 respectively), average sled push velocity (ASPV; p < 0.001, d = −0.81 and p = 0.017, d = −0.48 respectively), and RHIE score (p < 0.001, d = −0.72 and p < 0.001, d = −0.60 respectively). Repeated high-intensity effort training trended in a smaller increase in average sprint velocity than RSE training, a larger increase in ASPV, and a similar increase in RHIE score. Concerning in-game high-intensity efforts, both the RHIE and RSE training produced significant improvements in the number of sprints (p = 0.047, d = −0.28 and p < 0.001, d = −0.47 respectively), total distance (p < 0.001, d = −0.50 and p = 0.002, d = −0.38 respectively), the number of accelerations (p < 0.001, d = −0.37 and p = 0.003, d = −0.32 respectively), and contact rate (p < 0.001, d = −0.97 and p = 0.020, d = −0.28 respectively). Conversely, the magnitude of the increase in contact rate was almost twice as high in RHIE compared with RSE training. To conclude, the findings of this study were that both RSE and RHIE training are effective methods for developing RHIEa and in-game high-intensity efforts in professional rugby union. In practical applications, as the gains in certain abilities and game performance data differed depending on the training method chosen, we suggest that coaches choose the most appropriate method according to the profile of the players, their position, and the style of play they want to develop.
Effect of Strength and Plyometric Training on Kinematics in Female Novice Runners
Authors: Harrison Kathryn , Williams Dorsey S. Blaise , Darter Benjamin J. , Zernicke Ronald F. , Shall Mary , Finucane Sheryl 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Harrison, K, Williams, DSB III, Darter, BJ, Zernicke, RF, Shall, M, and Finucane, S. Effect of strength and plyometric training on kinematics in female novice runners. J Strength Cond Res 38(6): 1048–1055, 2024—Both running performance and injury have been associated with running kinematics. Plyometric training improves run performance and reduces injury risk in court-sport and field-sport athletes. The aim of this study was to assess longitudinal changes in kinematics in novice runners before and after a typical beginners' running program, compared with those who perform a plyometric intervention before running. Fifty-seven novice female runners were assigned to the control group (8 weeks walking +8 weeks running) or the intervention group (8 weeks strength or plyometric training +8 weeks running). Kinematics were assessed at baseline, 8 weeks, and 16 weeks. Joint angles throughout the stride of those who completed the training (n = 21) were compared between groups and assessment time points using a statistical parametric mapping 2-way analysis of variance, with group and study time point as independent variables. There was no interaction effect of group and study time point (p > 0.05), indicating that both training programs had similar effects on running kinematics. There was a main effect of time for sagittal plane knee and hip kinematics (p < 0.001); after training, subjects ran with a more extended leg, particularly during swing. Programs of 8 weeks of preparatory training, followed by 8 weeks of running, resulted in altered sagittal plane biomechanics, which have previously been related to improved running economy. A greater volume of plyometric, run training or concurrent plyometric and run training may be required to elicit changes in running form associated with lower injury risk.
Kesantunan Berbahasa dalam Puisi Tradisional Etnik Dusun
Authors: Kiting Rosliah , Sintian Minah , Fabian Farayneld Bryn 
Published: March 2024

Etnik Dusun merupakan kaum yang menetap di Sabah terdiri daripada beberapa suku, antaranya adalah Dusun Liwan, Dusun Bundu, Dusun Kimaragang, Dusun Lotud, Dusun Tindal, Dusun Tombonuo dan sebagainya. Etnik ini masih mengamalkan adab dalam komunikasi dengan menekankan kesantunan bahasa. Sehubungan dengan itu, kertas kerja ini akan membincangkan aspek manifestasi kesantunan bahasa yang diungkapkan dalam puisi tradisional etnik Dusun. Kajian akan memfokuskan kepada empat jenis puisi tradisional iaitu tukadan, sudawil, tabal-abal dan talaala. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa manifestasi kesantunan bahasa dalam puisi tradisional merupakan manifestasi ungkapan bertatasusila etnik Dusun untuk menggantikan penggunaan kata-kata kasar dan penghuraian adat istiadat masyarakat pendukungnya yang mementingkan keharmonian dengan mengelakkan tutur kata yang menyinggung perasaan. Selain itu, kesantunan bahasa turut memanifestasi etnik ini berkaitan dengan kepentingan menepati waktu, kerajinan, ketekunan serta kesungguhan melaksanakan sesuatu meskipun terpaksa melalui pelbagai cabaran, masalah dan rintangan. Manifestasi kesantunan bahasa etnik Dusun dalam puisi tradisional ini merupakan wadah penyebaran nilai-nilai bukan sahaja memperlihatkan irama yang indah, tetapi juga disusun dengan begitu teliti agar pemilihan perkataan yang digunakan dapat membayangkan corak pemikiran yang kritis, memaparkan kebijaksaan etnik ini yang berpandangan jauh dalam melontarkan idea dan pengajaran kepada generasinya.
Upaya Pencegahan Penyakit Jantung pada Wanita Usia Subur dengan Senam Jantung Sehat
Authors: Puspitasari Betristasia , Darmayanti Rofik , Krisnawati Dyah Ika , Santoso Puguh , Santoso Puguh , Yunarsih Yunarsih , Yunarsih Yunarsih , Sucipto Sucipto , Sucipto Sucipto , Kristanto Heny , Kristanto Heny 
Published: March 2024

Mempunyai jantung sehat merupakan impian semua orang, karena dengan jantung sehat akan terhidar dari penyakit jantung dan penyakit berbahaya lainnya. Senam jantung merupakan olahraga yang baik untuk kesehatan jantung. Senam jantung sehat bertujuan merawat jantung dan pembuluh darah. Pembuluh darah yang sehat, membuat kerja jantung menjadi optimal, karena kedua organ tersebut bekerja saling berhubungan. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada hari minggu tanggal 16 Oktober 2022. Bentuk kegiatan adalah senam jantung sehat bersama para ibu (wanita usia subur). Sasaran kegiatan ini adalah para ibu (wanita usia subur) di Dusun Sembung Desa Cengkok Kecamatan Ngronggot Kabupaten Nganjuk. Jumlah yang berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan senam jantung sehat sebanyak 43 orang. Senam jantung sehat ini menjadikan para ibu lebih semangat dalam berolahraga sehingga dapat mencegah terjadinya penyakit jantung sejak dini. Dari kegiatan ini didapatkan antusiasme para ibu yang begitu tinggi dalam mengikuti kegiatan senam. Para peserta menjadi lebih semangat dalam mengikuti kegiatan olahraga senam. Hal ini terbukti dengan para ibu yang berencana untuk menjadikan senam ini sebagai kegiatan rutin. Mereka sepakat untuk mengadakan senam jantung sehat ini seminggu sekali yang rencananya diadakan setiap hari minggu pagi. Senam ini merupakan salah satu upaya untuk pencegahan secara dini penyakit jantung pada wanita usia subur.
Development Vegetables Organic in Agriculture Urban
Authors: Martuti Nana Kariada Tri , Hadiyanti Lutfia Nur , Haris Amnan , Affandi Erry Kariada Tri , Simbolon Andri Kariada Tri , Arifin Mochamad Samsul 
Published: March 2024

Agriculture agriculture urban with method agriculture organic is A form solution just done _ For face many intervention ingredients synthetic in the world of agriculture. Cultivation vegetables organic on land yard is a worthy alternative considered Because can sufficient need healthy and hygienic food for family, save expenditure consumption food at a time guard sustainability environment. As for goals from activity devotion to public This namely, to : increase KT Tambakrejo knowledge in cultivation friendly organic vegetables environment, and improve KT Tambakrejo knowledge in making organic fertilizers and pesticides with good and right. Activity devotion to community carried out by KT Tambakrejo, Village Tambakrejo Semarang, at l a kuk a n with a number of method approach which is conducted based group, comprehensive and based local potential. Enhancement knowledge partner done through observation field work, interviews, training, mentoring and evaluation activity. From activities dedication that has been done, obtained results increase knowledge partner in technology raised bed as method repairer suitable soil implemented in the region urban with condition land in general arid, increasing knowledge partner in cultivation vegetables organically and friendly environment. Service partners have also get good and correct knowledge in making organic fertilizers and pesticides, with utilise potency source power existing in the environment surroundings.
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Teams Games Tournament (TGT) di SMK Negeri 1 Blora Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019
Authors: - Supar 
Published: March 2024

Siswa yang masih dalam proses perkembangan sosio-emosional memiliki cara tersendiri dalam mengikuti proses pembelajran, tidak sembarangan model pembelajran bisa mereka terima. Pendidikan yang sangat penting demi mendidik dan mencedarkan bangsa perlu adanya inovasi model pembelajaran. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dan data yang berbentuk kuantitatif dan kualitatif, serta penulis juga menganalisis kasus dengan memperhatikan literatur dan bahan kajian sekunder lainnya yang mendukung dengan permasalahan yang diteliti. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Team Games Tournament (TGT) untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Siswa Kelas XI Teknik Kendaraan Ringan SMK Negeri 1 Blora Tahun Pelajaran 2018-2019. Dari hasil pendlitian ini disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan TGT pada Mata Pelajaran PSPT dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
PODEM A TROPONINA SANGUÍNEA E SALIVAR SER SINALISADORAS PRECOCES DO INFARTO AGUDO DO MIOCÁRDIO?
Authors: Arsego Flávia Kubrusly , Kubrusly Luiz Fernando , Gewehr Douglas Mesadri , Possiedi Rafael Dib , Nassif Paulo Afonso Nunes , Tabushi Fernando Issamu , Kubrusly Fernando Bermudez , Ronkoski Maria Luiza , Cioato Priscila Panassolo 
Published: March 2024

Introdução: A lesão miocárdica pode ser identificada por biomarcadores extraídos das células cardíacas. A troponina é uma delas e pode ser observada no sangue e saliva. A saliva é preferencial pela facilidade de coleta não invasiva e pré-hospitalar.
Objetivo: Revisar se a expressão de troponina I do fluído salivar no infarto agudo do miocárdio em triagens de emergências é viável comparado aos seus níveis plasmáticos.
Método: A revisão da literatura foi feita colhendo informações publicadas no SciELO, Bibliomed, BVS - Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Pubmed e Scopus em português e inglês. A busca foi baseada em descritores relacionados ao tema, identificados como: “troponina, infarto agudo do miocárdio, biomarcadores cardíacos, fluido salivar”, com busca AND e OR.
Resultados: Foram incluídos 109 trabalhos.
Conclusão: O diagnóstico baseado na saliva oferece muitas opções podendo vir a ser opção muito interessante para elucidação de infarto agudo do miocárdio para o clínico geral, lares de idosos e serviços de transporte com rapidez auxiliando precocidade no tratamento.
Outcomes and Experiences of Students in Course-based Undergraduate Research Experience (CURE)
Authors: Driscoll Virginia , Palma Zachary , Beebe Katja 
Published: March 2024

Research is a pivotal element of music therapy education. Finding, interpreting, and integrating research into clinical practice are required in the professional competencies (American Music Therapy Association, 2013, 2021). Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CURE) have been identified by the National Science Foundation to increase access to underrepresented student populations in STEM programs. Fewer studies have been seen in humanities. To develop competency in a cohort of music therapy students, a CURE was developed with student research collaborating on all parts of the study. Elements of the CURE were guided by Dvorak and Hernandez-Ruiz (2019); one of the first publications in music therapy using this approach with students. However, in the present CURE each student developed their own research question within a larger project, modeled after a lab-based approach. Students who wished to present their research as a poster for the regional or national conference were prepared to do so. Significant improvements in were found (p<.0001) three categories on the Research Skill Development Questionnaire (RSDQ: Dvorak et al., 2021) including knowledge of research-related content, research skills, and research dispositions. Student reflections share a growth in comfort with and accessibility of conducting research as something “not just for scientists and doctors” but that was “a lot less stressful, and really fun!” Others reported a motivation to identify questions and conduct research in the future. The outcome was a fully immersive educational experience and functional a resource for members within the School of Music to educate on hearing loss prevention.