bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The enhanced coating effect of carbonyl iron particles and improved dispersion stability of magnetorheological fluid
Authors: Zhang Jie , Chen Fang , Guo Qinkui , Liu Yuchen , Liu Xiaobing , Yan Shengnan , Yan Zhaoqiang , Li Zhenggui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The coating effect of 1,2-bis(triethoxy-silyl)ethane (BTES) on the carbonyl iron particles (CIP) was enhanced through the etching of CIP by adjusting the concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl), leading to a significant improvement in the dispersion stability of the magnetorheological fluid (MRF). The microstructures, coating effect and magnetism of the CIPs were examined using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), automatic surface and porosity analyzer (BTE), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Furthermore, the rheological properties and dispersion stability of the MRFs were assessed using a rotating rheometer and turbiscan-tower. The results shown that with the concentration of HCl increased, the nanopores appeared on the CIPs and then disappeared, and the specific surface area of the particles increased and then decreased. The number of nanopores sharply increased and the specific surface area of particles sharply increased to 37.7697 m2/g when the concentration of HCl reached to 0.50 mol/L. As the concentration of HCl increased, the coated mass of BTES on the particles increased. The coated mass loss was less than 1 wt.% when the concentration of HCl was below 0.50 mol/L, and the coated mass loss increased to 2.45 wt.% when the concentration of HCl was 0.5 mol/L, the coated mass was effectively enhanced by the HCl of higher concentration. As the concentration of HCl increased, the saturation magnetization of particles decreased, and a sharply decrease appeared when the concentration of HCl was 0.50 mol/L, the saturation magnetization of coated particles further decreased from 196.7 emu/g to 113.3 emu/g. As the coated mass of particles increased, the viscosity and shear stress of MRFs increased and the increase was significant when the coated mass loss of particles above 2.45 wt.% without a magnetic field, while which decreased under a magnetic filed. As the coated mass of particles increased, the sedimentation rate of particles decreased from 0.13 to 0.01 mm/h, when the coated mass loss of particles was more than 2.45 wt.%, the sedimentation rate of all MRFs were close to 0.01 mm/h. The coating effect was greatly enhanced by controlling the concentration of HCl, and thus the MRF with superior shear stress and excellent dispersion stability was obtained.
Achieving a comparable transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect by spin-orbit field driven magnetoplasmonic
Authors: Asteraki Mohammad Hassan , Farzad Mahmood Hosseini 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In this study, we propose and simulate a magnetoplasmonics heterostructure that utilizes spin-orbit fields to generate an internal magnetic field and create a significant magneto-optical effect. Our approach offers a new way to overcome the challenges of using permanent magnets or magnetic coils in conventional magnetoplasmonics, such as high-power consumption and non-scalability. We demonstrate that it is possible to create an appropriate amount of magnetic field using spin-orbit fields induced by the spin-Hall effect, such that the consumption power becomes reasonable and the dimensions could be miniaturized. This approach will be an important development in the field of magneto-optics, as it can lead to enhanced transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect in the present of surface plasmon polaritons. The proposed nanostructure consists of a ferromagnetic film adjacent to a heavy metal layer, both sandwiched between two noble metal films, and deposited on a dielectric prism. The strength of the Kerr signal strongly depends on the thickness of the ferromagnetic layer, with the maximum effect observed at a thickness of 5nm. This concept has potential for various nanophotonic and spintronic applications, particularly for developing high-speed active plasmonic devices for ultrafast light modulation.
Transcriptome analysis revealed the potential mechanism of a wheat-Th. elongatum translocation line YNM158 against Fusarium head blight
Authors: Dai Yi , Fei Wenlin , Chen Shiqiang , Shi Juntao , Ma Haigang , Li Haifeng , Li Jinfeng , Wang Yonggang , Gao Yujiao , Zhu Jinghuan , Wang Bingkui , Chen Jianmin , Ma Hongxiang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum species complex is a destructive disease in wheat worldwide. Lack of FHB resistant germplasm is a barrier in wheat breeding for the resistance to FHB. Thinopyrum elongatum is an important relative species successfully used for genetic improvement in wheat.
Results
In this study, a translocation line YNM158 with a YM158 genetic background and carrying the fragment of diploid Th. elongatum 7EL chromosome created by 60Co-γ radiation showed high resistance to FHB under both filed and greenhouse conditions. The transcriptome analysis validated that the horizontal transfer gene GST is one of the important contributors to FHB resistance in pathogen infection stage, whereas 7EL chromosome fragment also carries other genes regulated by F. graminearum during the colonization stage. In addition, the introgression of 7EL fragment affected the expression of wheat genes which were enriched in the resistance pathways including phosphatidylinositol signaling system, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, plant-pathogen interaction and MAPK signaling pathway at different stages after F. graminearium infection.
Conclusions
The study provides a novel germplasm for wheat resistance to FHB and new insights into the molecular mechanism of wheat resistance to FHB.
Suitability of raw and heat-treated Amaranthus spinosus in broiler diets: Impact on performance, meat antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health
Authors: Gebeş Emre Sunay , Yalçın Sakine , Ramay Muhammad Shazaib , Ünal Akın , Filikçi Kürşat 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

We assessed the potential of A. spinosus as a feed ingredient for broiler chickens and evaluated the efficacy of heat treatment. A total of 210 male Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments, with six replicates and seven birds per replicate. The control group received a standard mix of maize and soybean meal, and the other groups received diets with varying proportions of raw and heat-treated amaranth, in which up to 10% and 20%, respectively, of the corn and soybean were replaced. Incorporating up to 20% A. spinosus into broiler diets did not have any adverse effects on animal health. We found no significant differences in body weight gain or ultimate body weight between amaranth-fed and control diet-fed birds. However, amaranth addition led to increased feed intake and therefore reduced feed efficiency. Amaranth feeding had no impact on carcass yield or organ weights but the amaranth-fed groups had heavier gizzards, reduced abdominal fat, improved meat antioxidant status, and no adverse effects on blood biochemical or hematological indices. Amaranth grain had no effect on cholesterol levels but decreased triglyceride levels. Heat treatment improved the favorable effects of amaranth on intestinal histology and increased immunoglobulin G levels. The caecal volatile fatty acid profile did not significantly change with amaranth incorporation, and heat-treated amaranth increased caecal branched-chain fatty acid levels and valerate levels in broilers compared to those in raw plants. The data indicate that A. spinosus holds promise as an alternative to traditional grains; digestibility trials are necessary to clarify procedures for further use.
Nitrogen application impacts timing of nitrogen and anthocyanin biosynthesis in the kernels of purple waxy maize
Authors: Feng Wanjun , Xue Weiwei , Zhao Zequn , Shi Zhaokang , Wang Weijie , Chen Baoguo , Xue Jianfu , Sun Min 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and aims Anthocyanins are essential for secondary metabolites in higher plants and beneficial for human health. Suitable nitrogen (N) application rate may be effective to optimize nitrogen and anthocyanin accumulation in the grains of purple waxy corn, and improve its grain quality synergistically.
Methods A two-year field trial with purple waxy corn variety Jinnuo20 (JN20) was conducted to investigate the effects of different nitrogen (N) application rates (0 (N0), 120 (N1), 240 (N2), and 360 (N3) kg N ha-1) on anthocyanin accumulation and grain quality during grain filling stages.
Results The results indicated that N application significantly influenced anthocyanin content and accumulation in the grains, with the highest levels observed at the N2 rate, showing average increases of 35.62% and 11.49% in anthocyanin accumulation and content, respectively, compared to N0. Optimal anthocyanin accumulation rate and kernel N content were observed at 31 DAP and under 305 kg N ha-1, respectively.
Conclusions Thus, appropriate N application is crucial for enhancing anthocyanin accumulation and improving grain quality in purple waxy corn.
Correlation between electronic and magnetic properties of LaMnO 3-δ : experimental study and DFT-MBJ calculation
Authors: Henchiri C. , MABROUKI A. , Zhou Haishan , Argoubi Fatma , Gu Shouxi , Qi Qiang , Dhahri Esseti , VALENTE M. A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Structural, magnetic, magnetocaloric and thermoelectricproperiesLa0.9†0.1MnO2.9 wereexamined in this original paper. Indeed, the structural study demonstrated that this compound crystallized in the rhombohedric system with R-3c space group. The magnetization in terms of temperature corroborated the PM-FM transition when temperature decreased. The fit of hysteresis cycle at 5 K FM showed a domination of the FM contributions. Subsequently a magnetic entropy change deduced from the isothermal magnetization curves was observed in our samples with a peak centered on their Curie temperature (TC). The total electronic density states (TDOS) prove the coexistence of metallic behavior for spin up states and semiconductor characteristic with a Eg = 1.3 eV for spin down states. Thermoelectric properties analysis revealed promising behavior, with ZT reaching 1.1 at 420 K
Ventricular arrhythmia and Noonan Syndrome with LZTR1 Mutations: Expanding the Phenotype with a Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Liu Zhuyuan , Huang Yan , Wang Jinxi , Tong Jiayi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Noonan syndrome (NS) is characterized by typical facial features, short stature, congenital heart defects and other comorbidities, which is caused by germline mutations in genes coding for components of the Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (RAS-MAPK) pathway. Noonan syndrome is an inherited disease involving multiple systems, but ventricular arrhythmia in Noonan syndrome is rarely reported.
Methods
Here we report a 15-years old patient with LZTR1-associated Noonan syndrome, who has congenital heart defect, ventricular arrhythmia, bundle branch block, pectus excavatum, costal eversion, scoliosis, myopia, growth retardation and hearing loss. Genetic testing revealed that the patient had a novel heterozygous variant c.313delT (p.trp105Glyfs*42) mutation in the LZTR1.
Results
We provide a review of the literature of LZTR1 mutations and find that approximately 6% of published cases have ventricular arrhythmia.
Conclusions
Our findings expand on the Noonan syndrome phenotype and suggest that mutations in the LZTR1 gene are involved in ventricular arrhythmia.
Early scientific research training links to the innovation ability of medical undergraduates and postgraduates: a qualitative and quantitative survey
Authors: Wang Boyang , Yang Lulu , Gong Zhaohui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Scientific research training (SRT) in basic medical sciences and clinical sciences plays critical roles in the development of clinical skills and innovation ability. We aimed to explore the current status of SRT in both medical undergraduates and postgraduates, and the relationship between early SRT and innovation ability in medical students.
Methods
We designed two questionnaires for undergraduates and postgraduates respectively to investigate the understanding, and participation of SRT, the motivations and factors for engaging in research, the advisor’s guidance of SRT, the academic performance of SRT, and the assessment of research conditions and suggestions for SRT. The questionnaire survey was conducted on 108 undergraduates and 86 postgraduates at Ningbo University. Then we collected data and analysed it with descriptive statistics.
Results
The results showed that undergraduates had more interest, understanding, and requirements for scientific research. Understanding of SRT in undergraduates (81.26%) was higher than that in postgraduates (56.97%). More than 70% of undergraduates had research experience in the early grades and the average time participating in SRT was more than one year. Participating in SRT in undergraduates (first and second year of undergraduate) was earlier than that in postgraduates (first year of postgraduate). In particular, personal interest was the major motivation for engaging in SRT. The vast majority of postgraduates (89.53%) had higher research goals than undergraduates (75%). These specific goals led to much higher research gains. Additionally, postgraduates (90.7%) could receive more higher proportion of guidance than undergraduates (67.59%), and thus higher academic performance (15.12% vs. 2.78%). Interestingly, most students were satisfied with the lab conditions and their personal efforts were primarily to achieve better academic performance.
Conclusions
These findings indicated that early SRT is strongly linked to the innovation ability of medical students, suggesting a necessity to construct an early extracurricular SRT program to train more future clinician-scientists and to improve the quality of medical education.
Mental health in Somalia after decades of humanitarian crises: a qualitative exploration
Authors: Islam Md Manirul , Siyad Abdiwali Ahmed , Ma Sk Md Mamunur Rahman 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Humanitarian crises increase the risk of mental health disorders. Somalia has been affected by conflict, insecurity, and economic turmoil for over three decades, as well as climatic shocks. However, 80–90% of Somalis who have a mental illness do not have access to good-quality, affordable mental health care. To develop an evidence-based, effective, equitable, and humane programme for mental health, we need to understand people’s perceptions, experiences, and behaviour related to mental health.
Methods
We undertook a qualitative study to explore Somalis’ perceptions and experiences of mental illness. We conducted three key informant interviews, two in-depth interviews, nine focus group discussions, 12 observations in private and public health facilities and more than 12 informal discussions. We used case vignettes translated into Somali during our discussion. We also studied three cases with experience of mental illness to understand care-seeking behaviour and the services available.
Results
Somalia has been moving from a traditional pastoral nomadic lifestyle to a settled one. A strong informal health support system exists in the community within clans or family relations. Armed conflict, natural disasters, and khat use are the three main factors affecting mental health. The prevalence of mental illness is likely greater than is evident. It is perceived that about 10% of people are suffering from mental illness (range < 5–50%) while 95% remain outside of appropriate care. Few people seek care for mental illness, which is highly stigmatized. Those who do seek care usually go to traditional healers because of culture and cost. Resources for mental health care are grossly inadequate with a limited workforce. At least two levels of barrier to mental health care exist, at the individual/family level (e.g. poor awareness of mental health and stigma) and service provider level (e.g. lack of staff and limited ability to diagnose, treat, or refer persons with mental illness and stigma). No tool or programme is available to address these barriers.
Conclusion
A mental health programme that addresses all these issues is needed with more trained mental health professionals. Given the stigma about mental health, there is also a need for a tool to raise awareness about mental health and the importance of mental health care among both the public and health workers.
First detection of Jingmen tick virus in Corsica, France and development of a real time detection system for multiple tick-associated jingmenviruses
Authors: Cicculli Vincent , Colmant Agathe M. G. , Piorkowski Geraldine , Amaral Rayane , Maitre Apolline , Decarreaux Dorine , Thirion Laurence , Moureau Gregory , Falchi Alessandra , de Lamballerie Xavier , Charrel Remi N. , Ayhan Nazli 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Jingmen tick virus (JMTV) is a recently discovered segmented RNA virus, closely related to flaviviruses. It was identified for the first time in 2014, in China and subsequently in Brazil. Following this discovery, JMTV-related sequences have been identified in arthropods, vertebrates (including humans), plants, fungus and environmental samples from Asia, America, Africa, Europe and Oceania. Several studies suggest an association between these segmented flavi-like viruses, termed jingmenviruses, and febrile illness in humans. The development of rapid diagnostic assays for these viruses is therefore crucial to be prepared for a potential epidemic, for the early detection of these viruses via vector surveillance or hospital diagnosis. In this study, we designed a RT-qPCR assay to detect tick-associated jingmenviruses, validated it and tested its range and limit of detection with six tick-associated jingmenviruses using in vitro transcripts. Then we screened ticks collected in Corsica (France) from different livestock species, in order to determine the distribution of these viruses on the island. In total, 6,269 ticks from eight species were collected from 763 cattle, 538 horses, 106 sheep and 218 wild boars and grouped in 1,715 pools. We report the first detection of JMTV in Corsica, in Rhipicephalus bursa, Hyalomma marginatum and R. sanguineus ticks collected from cattle and sheep. The highest prevalence was found in the Rhipicephalus genus. The complete genome of a Corsican JMTV was obtained from a pool of Rhipicephalus bursa ticks and shares between 94.7% and 95.1% nucleotide identity with a JMTV sequence corresponding to a human patient in Kosovo and groups phylogenetically with European JMTV strains. These results show that a Mediterranean island such as Corsica could act as a sentinel zone for future epidemics.
The relationship between emotional abuse and internet addiction in Chinese children: A serial multiple mediation of emotional dysregulation and regulatory emotional self-efficacy
Authors: Liu Wang , Li Yuling , Huang Jie , Gao Xiang , Xu Ziyi , Li Yonghui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Internet addiction (IA) among children is a serious problem and it is imperative to explore the risk and protective factors involved. Previous studies have suggested that emotional abuse may be a significant risk factor for IA in children; however, the relationship remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between emotional abuse and IA in children and to explore the roles of emotional dysregulation (ED) and regulatory emotional self-efficacy (RESE) in mediating this relationship.
Methods
A sample of 556 Chinese fourth to sixth grade primary school students completed questionnaires on emotional abuse, ED, RESE, and IA.
Results
Emotional abuse has a positive predictive effect on IA in children. This relationship was serially mediated by ED and RESE.
Conclusions
ED and RESE have chain-mediating effects in the relationship between emotional abuse and IA. These findings suggest that improving emotional regulation abilities and confidence in abused children is a promising strategy to reduce the adverse impact of emotional abuse and the risk of IA in children.
Implementation evaluation of a nurturing care intervention in a humanitarian setting in Rwanda
Authors: Sargsyan Viktoria , Uwera Mediatrice , Gasirikare Andre , Habyarimana Jean Aime , Salcido Jennifer S , Felner Christy , Rasheed Muneera A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: In a humanitarian context in Rwanda, a nurturing care parenting program was delivered in high and low doses, revealing similar changes in care practices compared to the control group but no significant improvements in early childhood development outcomes. This study examines program implementation to understand delivery processes.
Methods: We employed Proctor’s implementation outcomes, including measures of acceptability, fidelity, and quality of dose delivered. A customized questionnaire was administered post-intervention by trained research assistants, and qualitative interviews were conducted to explore the experiences of families, the delivery team, and community stakeholders. Additionally, program monitoring and documentation, such as monthly reports, were included in the analysis. Qualitative analysis followed a deductive approach.
Findings: Implementation data from caregiver surveys indicated that the majority of families received 50% of the intended dosage for group sessions in both the high and low dose arms. Program records showed that over 90% of eligible caregivers attended the sessions, with families expressing a preference for the shared space and activities during the first half of the group sessions. However, in terms of home visits, more than half of the families had never received one. Qualittaive data revealed acceptability of the intervention and professional development opportunities through mentorshp as key to engagement of the delivery staff.
Conclusion: Continuous monitoring and adaptation of delivery strategies are essential for improving early childhood development outcomes in humanitarian settings like Rwanda.
The Joint Distribution of Generalized Dirichlet Process Samples with Applications to Nonparametric Bayesian Modeling
Authors: Akell Hassan , Sajadi Farkhondeh-Alsadat , Kazemi Iraj 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Dirichlet process (DP) mixtures offer a flexible approach to nonparametric Bayesian modeling by specifying a unique joint distribution. The Generalized Dirichlet Process (GDP) expands upon the original DP’s stick-breaking process , influencing posterior distributions significantly and enhancing the ability to model intricate processes. This study’s objective is to determine the joint distribution of a random sample X1,. .. , Xn drawn from the GDP, satisfying X1 ∈ A1,. .. , Xn ∈ An for any measurable sets Ai, where i = 1,. .. , n. The GDP distribution is represented as a countable mixture with Bell number, Bn, components. Key properties such as moments, skewness, and kurtosis are discussed. Our innovative distribution encompasses all possible samples, whether they are distinct or identical variables. Specifically, the results for the Dirich-let process align with the Blackwell-MacQueen joint distribution. We explore the clustering behavior of samples from this mixture, evaluate the posterior distributions, and present two illustrative examples to highlight our findings.
MSC Classification: 60E05 , 62E15 , 97K60