bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A meta-analysis into the mediatory effects of family planning utilization on complications of pregnancy in women of reproductive age
Authors: Jahanfar Shayesteh , Maurer Olivia , Lapidow Amy , Oberoi Anjali Rajkumari , Steinfeldt Meredith , Ali Moazzam 
Published: March 2024

Background
Despite conflicting findings in the current literature regarding the correlation between contraceptives and maternal health consequences, statistical analyses indicate that family planning may decrease the occurrence of such outcomes. Consequently, it is crucial to assess the capability of family planning to mitigate adverse maternal health outcomes.

Objectives
This review investigates the effects of modern contraceptive use on maternal health.

Search methods
This systematic review is registered on Prospero (CRD42022332783). We searched numerous databases with an upper date limit of February 2022 and no geographical boundaries.

Selection criteria
We included observational studies, including cross-sectional, cohort, case-control studies, and non-RCT with a comparison group. We excluded systematic reviews, scoping reviews, narrative reviews, and meta-analyses from the body of this review.

Main results
The review included nineteen studies, with five studies reporting a reduction in maternal mortality linked to increased access to family planning resources and contraceptive use. Another three studies examined the impact of contraception on the risk of preeclampsia and our analysis found that preeclampsia risk was lower by approximately 6% among contraceptive users (95% CI 0.82–1.13) compared to non-users. Two studies assessed the effect of hormonal contraceptives on postpartum glucose tolerance and found that low-androgen contraception was associated with a reduced risk of gestational diabetes (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.58–1.22), while DMPA injection was possibly linked to a higher risk of falling glucose status postpartum (OR 1.42, 95% CI 0.85–2.36). Two studies evaluated high-risk pregnancies and births in contraceptive users versus non-users, with the risk ratio being 30% lower among contraceptive users of any form (95% CI 0.61, 0.80). None of these results were statistically significant except the latter. In terms of adverse maternal health outcomes, certain contraceptives were found to be associated with ectopic pregnancy and pregnancy-related venous thromboembolism through additional analysis.
Recovery following discharge from intensive care: What do patients think is helpful and what services are missing?
Authors: O’Neill Brenda , Green Natasha , Blackwood Bronagh , McAuley Danny , Moran Fidelma , MacCormac Niamh , Johnston Paul , McNamee James J. , Shevlin Claire , Bradley Judy 
Published: March 2024

Background
Recovery following critical illness is complex due to the many challenges patients face which influence their long-term outcomes. We explored patients’ views about facilitators of recovery after critical illness which could be used to inform the components and timing of specific rehabilitation interventions.

Aims
To explore the views of patients after discharge from an intensive care unit (ICU) about their recovery and factors that facilitated recovery, and to determine additional services that patients felt were missing during their recovery.

Methods
Qualitative study involving individual face-to-face semi-structured interviews at six months (n = 11) and twelve months (n = 10). Written, informed consent was obtained. [Ethics approval 17/NI/0115]. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed and analysed using template analysis.

Findings
Template analysis revealed four core themes: (1) Physical activity and function; (2) Recovery of cognitive and emotional function; (3) Facilitators to recovery; and (4) Gaps in healthcare services.

Conclusion
Patient reported facilitators to recovery include support and guidance from others and self-motivation and goal setting, equipment for mobility and use of technology. Barriers include a lack of follow up services, exercise rehabilitation, peer support and personal feedback. Patients perceived that access to specific healthcare services was fragmented and where services were unavailable this contributed to slower or poorer quality of recovery. ICU patient recover could be facilitated by a comprehensive rehabilitation intervention that includes patient-directed strategies and health care services.
Assessing knowledge about hypertension and identifying predictors of inadequate knowledge in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alhazmi Ajiad , Moafa Hassan N. , Kotb Mohammed , Sayegh Louay , Baydhi Hassan , Hazzazi Abdullaziz , Moafa Hassan , Hakami Abdulelah 
Published: March 2024

Background
Globally, hypertension is among the leading causes of premature mortality. It is a noncommunicable disease characterized by a persistent state of raised blood pressure that increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and medical conditions affecting the brain and kidneys. There is a paucity of thorough hypertension knowledge assessment among hypertensive patients in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. Thus, this study aimed to assess overall and specific knowledge about hypertension and to identify predictors of inadequate knowledge.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia between February and April 2023. Data were collected using an online, self-administered questionnaire divided into two sections. In the first section, the characteristics of the participants were collected. In the second section, the Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale was used to measure overall and specific knowledge areas (subdimensions). The overall and subdimensional means were tested using Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis H tests. Furthermore, the binary logistic regression was conducted to determine inadequate knowledge predictors.

Results
In all 253 hypertensive patients were eligible for participation; almost 70% of whom were male. The mean age of the participants was 45 years (±14.7), and their mean overall knowledge score was 17.60 (±5.09), which was equivalent to 67.7% of the maximum score. In addition, 40.7% of participants had an adequate level of hypertension knowledge. The complications subdimension level of knowledge was borderline optimal. At the same time, an adequate knowledge level was detected only in the lifestyle subdimension.

Conclusion
Most patients showed inadequate levels of knowledge related to hypertension management. Diet, medical treatment, disease definition, drug compliance, and complications were subsequently the least knowledgeable subdimensions among the study population. Therefore, these subdimensions should be prioritized when planning hypertension educational interventions and during follow-up sessions, especially for patients of younger age groups and those with lower educational levels.
Priority-setting for hospital funding of high-cost innovative drugs and therapeutics: A qualitative institutional case study
Authors: Razvi Yasmeen , Horwitz Simonne L. , Cressman Celine , Wang Daniel E. , Shaul Randi Zlotnik , Denburg Avram 
Published: March 2024

Objectives
Rising costs of innovative drugs and therapeutics (D&Ts) have led to resource allocation challenges for healthcare institutions. There is limited evidence to guide priority-setting for institutional funding of high-cost D&Ts. This study sought to identify and elaborate on the substantive principles and procedures that should inform institutional funding decisions for high-cost off-formulary D&Ts through a case study of a quaternary care paediatric hospital.

Methods
Semi-structured, qualitative interviews, both virtual and in-person, were conducted with institutional stakeholders (i.e. staff clinicians, senior leadership, and pharmacists) (n = 23) and two focus groups at The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Canada. Participants involved in, and impacted by, high-cost off-formulary drug funding decisions were recruited through stratified, purposive sampling. Participants were approached for study involvement between July 27, 2020 and June 7, 2022. Data was analysed through reflexive thematic analysis.

Results
Institutional resource allocation for high-cost D&Ts was identified as ethically challenging but critical to sustainable access to novel therapies. Important substantive principles included: 1) clinical evidence of safety and efficacy, 2) economic considerations (direct costs, opportunity costs, value for money), 3) ethical principles (social justice, professional/organizational responsibility), and 4) disease-specific considerations. Multidisciplinary deliberation was identified as an essential procedural component of decision-making. Participants identified tension between innovation and the need for evidence-based decision-making; clinician and institutional responsibilities; and value for money and social justice. Participants emphasized the role of health system-level funding allocation in alleviating the financial and moral burden of decision-making by institutions.

Conclusions
This study identifies values and processes to aid in the development and implementation of institutional resource allocation frameworks for high-cost innovative D&Ts.
Die Digitalisierung von kulturellem Erbe am Beispiel von Liebesbriefen
Authors: Wyss Eva L. , Hastik Canan 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Liebesbriefe geben Einblicke in die kulturelle Bedeutung von Beziehungen und zeigen, wie persönliche Liebesbekundungen durch den Medienwandel beeinflusst werden. Als handgeschriebene Ausdrücke stellen sie ein immaterielles Kulturgut dar, das im digitalen Zeitalter herausragt. Ihre Bewahrung fördert kulturelle Traditionen, während die Digitalisierung Schutz und Zugänglichkeit bietet, insbesondere für Forschung, Bildung und Gesellschaft. Das Liebesbriefarchiv leistet einen Beitrag zum Erhalt bedrohter Sprachpraxis und gesellschaftlich einzigartiger privater Kommunikationsformen.
Validation of the Undesirable Behavior Strategies Questionnaire: Physical Educators’ Strategies within the Classroom Ecology
Authors: Roka Athina , Dania Aspasia , Stavrou Nektarios , Digelidis Nikolaos 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study sought to propose the Undesirable Behavior Strategies Questionnaire – Physical Education (UBSQ-PE), based on Doyle, W. (1977). Paradigms for research on teacher effectiveness. Review of Research in Education, 5(1), 163–198. classroom ecology paradigm, and validate its use within Physical Education. 289 physical educators participated in the study (80 of them in the pilot study) and completed a survey evaluating the strategies they used across the classroom ecology task systems. An exploratory factor analysis proposed a four-factor solution that measured teachers’ strategies for Differentiation of Instruction, Interaction for Students, Classroom Management, and Interaction with Students and explained a cumulative 47.45% of the total explained variance (KMO = 0.809,

χ

231

2

{\chi }_{231}^{2}

= 1,266, 684, p < 0.001). A confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit of the data to the four-factor solution (χ2/df ratio = 1.52, comparative fit index = 0.906, Tucker Lewis index = 0.890, standardized root mean square residual = 0.079, root mean square error of approximation = 0.05), providing evidence for the instrument’s internal consistency. Multiple analyses of variance showed that there were differences in teachers’ strategies based on their gender, age, studies, professional knowledge, and school level. The use of UBSQ-PE asserts that teachers use undesirable behavior (UB) strategies according to their personal and professional characteristics. Teacher education programs could use this information for supporting PE teachers to adjust their UB strategies in response to each classroom’s interrelated task systems.
Evaluation of clay layer presence on shallow foundation settlement in dry sand under an earthquake
Authors: Ali Ali Ismaiel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Seismically, settlement of buildings with shallow foundations lying above dry sand soils has caused severe destruction in recent earthquakes. This study investigated the effect of seismic loads with shallow foundations located above sandy soil containing an intermediate soft clay layer. The impact of a clay layer’s existence with different thickness and closeness to the base of foundation when subjected to El Centro earthquake with 6.9 magnitude. This investigation has been carried out with the help of a three-dimensional PLAXIS 3D, which has been used to solve many geotechnical issues. A database was created for the various dynamic and static parameters of soils in seismically active areas of Iran and Iraq and USA. In this research, important factors are recognized, including relative density. Clay layer thickness and proximity to the foundation, the soil relative density the results of this research indicated that shallow foundation settlement increased on the dry sand and decreased with the presence of clay layer thickness and wave propagation in cohesion soil is less than cohesion-less soil. In addition, it was reached that as close as the clay layer to the foundation the settlement increased.
Effect of post-weld heat treatment on corrosion resistance of X90 pipeline steel joints
Authors: Zhang Defen , Ran Qingzheng , Gong Lijie , Chen Xiaowen , Tang Qiyuan , Zeng Dezhi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In order to improve the corrosion resistance of welded joints, X90 pipeline steel joints were subjected to post-weld heat treatment at 610 °C, 640 °C, and 670 °C (holding time was 1 h). Through electrochemical corrosion and full immersion corrosion experiments, the corrosion resistance of welded joints under various conditions was tested, and the surface morphology and corrosion products of the corroded samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The experimental results show that the corrosion products of X90 pipeline steel welded joints in simulated soil solution mainly include Fe(OH)3, γ-FeOOH, α-Fe2O3, γ-Fe2O3, and a small amount of Fe3O4, FeCl3 and Fe. After heat treatment at 610 °C, the corrosion current density of the parent metal, heat-affected zone, and weld metal of the joint changes from 1.081, 2.889, 2.079 (×10−5 A cm−2) to 0.977, 2.211, 1.810 (×10−5 A cm−2), respectively, the corrosion resistance is improved.
Associations between cognitive test scores and pain tolerance: The Tromsø study
Authors: Melum Tonje Anita , Steingrímsdóttir Ólöf A. , Jacobsen Henrik B. , Johnsen Bente , Stubhaug Audun , Schirmer Henrik , Mathiesen Ellisiv B. , Nielsen Christopher S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Previous studies have suggested that experimental pain sensitivity is associated with cognitive function. The aim of this study is to assess this relationship in a large population-based sample.

Methods
We included 5,753 participants (aged 40–84 years) from the seventh wave of the population-based Tromsø Study who had been examined with cognitive tests and experimental pain assessments, and for whom information on covariates were available. Cox regression models were fitted using standardized scores on cognitive tests (12-word immediate recall test, digit symbol coding test, and Mini-Mental State Examination [MMS-E]) as the independent variable and cold pressor or cuff pressure pain tolerance as the dependent variables. Statistical adjustment was made for putative confounders, namely, age, sex, education, smoking, exercise, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, symptoms indicating anxiety or depression, analgesic use, and chronic pain.

Results
In multivariate analysis, cold pressor tolerance time was significantly associated with test scores on the 12-word immediate recall test (hazard ratio [HR] 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.90–0.97, p < 0.001), the digit symbol coding test (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89–0.98, p = 0.004), and the MMS-E (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.90–0.96 p < 0.001). Tolerance to cuff pressure algometry was significantly associated with 12-word immediate recall (HR 0.94–0.97, p < 0.001) and Digit Symbol Coding test scores (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89–0.96, p < 0.001) while there was no significant association with Mini Mental State Examination test score (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95–1.00, p = 0.082).

Conclusion
Lower pain tolerance was associated with poorer performance on cognitive tests.
What do we know about Indigenous Peoples with low back pain around the world? A topical review
Authors: Struyf Niels , Vanwing Tom , Jacquet Wolfgang , Ho-A-Tham Nancy , Dankaerts Wim 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Low back pain (LBP) represents a worldwide burden with rising disability, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Indigenous Peoples are exposed to many risk factors for LBP and seem to have overall worse health and higher mortality compared to non-Indigenous. This article aims to provide a topical overview of LBP in Indigenous Peoples.

Methods
A comprehensive search was done using the keywords “Indigenous” and “back pain.” Secondly, a cross-reference search of the citations list of the included articles was conducted.

Results
LBP is a prevalent, disabling health condition among Indigenous Peoples that impacts activities of daily living, emotional well-being, and cultural identity. Indigenous Peoples face numerous and unique barriers to obtain Western health care. LBP in Indigenous Peoples is partly iatrogenic and available health care lacks a culturally secure setting. In combination with racism and discrimination by health care providers, this leads to miscommunication, frustration, and poor outcome in Indigenous patients around the world.

Conclusion
Contextual considerations and interpretation of findings within the appropriate cultural context are needed in future research and treatment of LBP in Indigenous Peoples. However, our literature analysis exhibits disproportionate representation with the scarcity of studies of Indigenous Peoples of Asia and Africa. Addressing this gap in the literature could provide significant scientific value. Indigenous Peoples should not be forgotten in reducing the global burden for LBP.
In vitro inhibition potency of malononitrile derivatives on the activity of two pentose phosphate pathway enzymes: accompanied by molecular docking evaluation
Authors: Kesebir Arzu Öztürk , Dağalan Ziya , Güller Pınar , Nişancı Bilal , Küfrevioğlu Ömer İrfan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Many disorders, including cancer and malaria, could be targeted via the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), whose products are key in biosynthetic reactions in cells. The goal of this study was to find new PPP inhibitors. The inhibition effects of malononitrile derivatives on Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) were analyzed through in vitro experiments. Besides, molecular docking studies were performed to predict the interactions having role in inhibition of compounds. K
i constants of derivatives were found between 4.24 ± 0.46–69.63 ± 7.75 µM for G6PD and 1.91 ± 0.12–95.07 ± 11.08 µM for 6PGD. Derivatives indicated non-competitive inhibition on both enzymes except for compound 4. The findings of the molecular docking studies revealed that free-binding energy estimations agreed with in vitro data. The structure of these malononitrile derivatives may guide for drug discovery in targeting the PPP.
Pengembangan Model Parenting Berbasis Gusjigang Dalam Pendidikan Kolaboratif Orang Tua Pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Aliyah Risyda Aliyah , Su’ad Su’ad , Gudnanto Gudnanto 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan analisis kebutuhan pengembangan modul, mengetahui pengembangan desain modul, mengetahui kelayakan modul, dan mengetahui keefektifan modul pengembangan model parenting berbasis Gusjigang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development dengan model Four-D. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah tiga pendidik dan enam orangtua di TK Pertiwi, TK Cahaya, dan TK Masjid Agung Kudus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan mixed method melalui observasi, wawancara, angket dan tes. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model parenting berbasis Gusjigang dalam pendidikan kolaboratif orang tua pada anak usia dini di TK Desa Demaan Kecamatan Kota Kudus dibutuhkan oleh orang tua dan pendidik. Modul tersebut di desain sesuai dengan kompetensi inti pendidikan anak usia dini dan filosofi Gusjigang. Modul ini telah di validasi oleh validator dengan skor 12,62 kategori baik dengan persentase 78,9%. Setelah modul di validasi, peneliti melakukan penelitian dengan ujicoba soal pretest dan posttest. Pada hasil uji-t menunjukkan bahwa Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak, artinya ada perbedaan hasil belajar sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran melalui sosialisasi kepada pendidik dan orang tua. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa Model Pengembangan Parenting Berbasis Gusjigang dalam Pendidikan Kolaboratif Orang Tua pada Anak Usia Dini di TK Desa Demaan Kecamatan Kota Kudus layak dan efektif digunakan.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Metode Fun Learning Untuk Menumbuhkan Semangat Siswa Kelas III
Authors: Hidayah Rafidatul , Bakhtiar Afakhrul Masub 
Published: March 2024

Abstrak : Kualitas hasil belajar siswa disebabkan oleh dua faktor, yaitu faktor internal dan eksternal. Faktor internal yang berpengalaman dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi proses belajar siswa dan hasil yang diinternalisasi meliputi, sikap terhadap belajar, minat dan motivasi belajar, konsentrasi belajar, sedangkan faktor eksternal meliputi hal-hal seperti, guru sebagai pelatih belajar, infrastruktur dan fasilitas belajar. Pembalajaran yang kurang efektif serta tidak memadai, kualitas dan pengetahuan siswa UPT SDN 23 Gresik juga menjadi tidak pandai dan cakap. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, pengembangan metode pembelajaran fun learning diimplementasikan di UPT SDN 23 Gresik. Dengan metode fun learning siswa bermain sekaligus belajar untuk menciptakan suasana yang menyenangkan dan tidak membosankan. Bertujuan untuk menambah kecapan serta kepandaian di UPT SDN 23 Gresik secara berkelanjutan. Hasilnya yaitu, siswa menjadi lebih bersemangat untuk pergi ke sekolah, siswa menjadi senang dan tertarik dengan kegiatan belajar mengajar karena metode fun learning yang tidak membosankan.
Kata Kunci : Fun Learning , Pengaruh Pembelajaran, Semangat
Pendampingan Peserta Didik Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kreativitas Siswa Serta Penambahan Wawasan Publik Speaking
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Bakhtiar Afakhrul Masub 
Published: March 2024

Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pemahaman dalam upaya meningkatkan kreativitas siswa serta penambahan wawasan public speaking di UPT SDN 42 Gresik. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya pendekatan dan pendampingan guru terhadap siswa sehingga kreativitas siswa masih minim terbentuk. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang secara langsung melakukan pendampingan terhadap siswa. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa di UPT SDN 42 Gresik. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tes lisan dan praktek. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan hasil siklus. Hasil deskriptif menjelaskan bahwa kemampuan siswa dalam berkreativitas sangat tinggi, dan kemampuan public speaking juga sangat baik. Dilihat dari hasil tabel siklus bahwa siklus 1 sebelum pendampingan rata – rata siswa adalah 34% di dalam berkreativitas dan menjelaskan pelajaran di depan teman – temannya, dan rata – rata siswa pada siklus 2 adalah 48% di dalam berkreativitas dan menjelaskan pelajaran di depan teman – temannya, sedangkan setelah adanya pendampingan rata – rata siswa pada siklus 1 dan 2 adalah 69% dan 85% di dalam berkreativitas dan menjelaskan pelajaran di depan teman – temannya.
Kata Kunci : Pendampingan, Kreativitas Siswa, Penambahan Wawasan Public Speaking.