bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The soil microbiome affects patterns of local adaptation in an alpine plant under moisture stress
Authors: Brady Monica V. , Farrer Emily C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPremiseThe soil microbiome plays a role in plant trait expression and fitness, and plants may be locally adapted or maladapted to their soil microbiota. However, few studies of local adaptation in plants have incorporated a microbial treatment separate from manipulations of the abiotic environment, so our understanding of microbes in plant adaptation is limited.MethodsHere we tested microbial effects on local adaptation in four paired populations of an abundant alpine plant from two community types, dry and moist meadow. In a 5‐month greenhouse experiment, we manipulated source population, soil moisture, and soil microbiome and measured plant survival and biomass to assess treatment effects.ResultsDry meadow populations had higher biomass than moist meadow populations at low moisture, demonstrating evidence of local adaptation to soil moisture in the absence of microbes. In the presence of microbes, dry meadow populations had greater survival than moist meadow populations when grown with dry meadow microbes regardless of moisture. Moist meadow populations showed no signs of adaptation or maladaptation.ConclusionsOur research highlights the importance of microbial mutualists in local adaptation, particularly in dry environments with higher abiotic stress. Plant populations from environments with greater abiotic stress exhibit different patterns of adaptation when grown with soil microbes versus without, while plant populations from less abiotically stressful environments do not. Improving our understanding of the role microbes play in plant adaptation will require further studies incorporating microbial manipulations.
Variation in diurnal cortisol patterns among the Indigenous Shuar of Amazonian Ecuador
Authors: Liebert Melissa A. , Urlacher Samuel S. , Madimenos Felicia C. , Gildner Theresa E. , Cepon‐Robins Tara J. , Harrington Christopher J. , Bribiescas Richard G. , Sugiyama Lawrence S. , Snodgrass J. Josh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and its primary end product, the glucocorticoid cortisol, are major components of the evolved human stress response. However, most studies have examined these systems among populations in high‐income settings, which differ from the high pathogen and limited resource contexts in which the HPA axis functioned for most of human evolution.MethodsWe investigated variability in diurnal salivary cortisol patterns among 298 Indigenous Shuar from Amazonian Ecuador (147 males, 151 females; age 2–86 years), focusing on the effects of age, biological sex, and body mass index (BMI) in shaping differences in diurnal cortisol production. Saliva samples were collected three times daily (waking, 30 minutes post‐waking, evening) for three consecutive days to measure key cortisol parameters: levels at waking, the cortisol awakening response, the diurnal slope, and total daily output.ResultsAge was positively associated with waking levels and total daily output, with Shuar juveniles and adolescents displaying significantly lower levels than adults (p < .05). Sex was not a significant predictor of cortisol levels (p > .05), as Shuar males and females displayed similar patterns of diurnal cortisol production across the life course. Moreover, age, sex, and BMI significantly interacted to moderate the rate of diurnal cortisol decline (p = .027). Overall, Shuar demonstrated relatively lower cortisol concentrations than high‐income populations.ConclusionsThis study expands the documented range of global variation in HPA axis activity and diurnal cortisol production and provides important insights into the plasticity of human stress physiology across diverse developmental and socioecological settings.
A Fast‐Charge Graphite Anode with a Li‐Ion‐Conductive, Electron/Solvent‐Repelling Interface
Authors: Niu Min , Dong Liwei , Yue Junpei , Li Yaqiang , Dong Yueyao , Cheng Shichao , Lv Sheng , Zhu Yu‐Hui , Lei Zuotao , Liang Jia‐Yan , Xin Sen , Yang Chunhui , Guo Yu‐Guo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGraphite has been serving as the key anode material of rechargeable Li‐ion batteries, yet is difficultly charged within a quarter hour while maintaining stable electrochemistry. In addition to a defective edge structure that prevents fast Li‐ion entry, the high‐rate performance of graphite could be hampered by co‐intercalation and parasitic reduction of solvent molecules at anode/electrolyte interface. Conventional surface modification by pitch‐derived carbon barely isolates the solvent and electrons, and usually lead to inadequate rate capability to meet practical fast‐charge requirements. Here we show that, by applying a MoOx−MoNx layer onto graphite surface, the interface allows fast Li‐ion diffusion yet blocks solvent access and electron leakage. By regulating interfacial mass and charge transfer, the modified graphite anode delivers a reversible capacity of 340.3 mAh g−1 after 4000 cycles at 6 C, showing promises in building 10‐min‐rechargeable batteries with a long operation life.
Induced Chirality in Canthaxanthin Aggregates Reveals Multiple Levels of Supramolecular Organization
Authors: Halat Monika , Zając Grzegorz , Andrushchenko Valery , Bouř Petr , Baranski Rafal , Pajor Katarzyna , Baranska Malgorzata 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCarotenoids tend to form supramolecular aggregates via non‐covalent interactions where the chirality of individual molecules is amplified to the macroscopic level. We show that this can also be achieved for non‐chiral carotenoid monomers interacting with polysaccharides. The chirality induction in canthaxanthin (CAX), caused by heparin (HP) and hyaluronic acid (HA), was monitored by chiroptical spectroscopy. Electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and Raman optical activity (ROA) spectra indicated the presence of multiple carotenoid formations, such as H‐ and J‐type aggregates. This is consistent with molecular dynamics (MD) and density functional theory (DFT) simulations of the supramolecular structures and their spectroscopic response.
Cyclopropenes as Chemical Reporters for Dual Bioorthogonal and Orthogonal Metabolic Labeling of DNA
Authors: Seul Nicola , Lamade Dennis , Stoychev Petko , Mijic Michaela , Michenfelder Rita T. , Rieger Lisa , Geng Philipp , Wagenknecht Hans‐Achim 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDual bioorthogonal labeling enables the investigation and understanding of interactions in the biological environment that are not accessible by a single label. However, applying two bioorthogonal reactions in the same environment remains challenging due to cross‐reactivity. We developed a pair of differently modified 2′‐deoxynucleosides that solved this issue for dual and orthogonal labeling of DNA. Inverse‐electron demand Diels–Alder and photoclick reactions were combined to attach two different fluorogenic labels to genomic DNA in cells. Using a small synthetic library of 1‐ and 3‐methylcyclopropenyl‐modified 2′‐deoxynucleosides, two 2′‐deoxyuridines were identified to be the fastest‐reacting ones for each of the two bioorthogonal reactions. Their orthogonal reactivity could be evidenced in vitro. Primer extension experiments were performed with both 2′‐deoxyuridines investigating their replication properties as substitutes for thymidine and evaluating subsequent labeling reactions on the DNA level. Finally, dual, orthogonal and metabolic fluorescent labeling of genomic DNA was demonstrated in HeLa cells. An experimental procedure was developed combining intracellular transport and metabolic DNA incorporation of the two 2′‐deoxyuridines with the subsequent dual bioorthogonal labeling using a fluorogenic cyanine‐styryl tetrazine and a fluorogenic pyrene‐tetrazole. These results are fundamental for advanced metabolic labeling strategies for nucleic acids in the future, especially for live cell experiments.
Responsive Anionophores with AND Logic Multi‐Stimuli Activation
Authors: Ahmad Manzoor , Johnson Toby G. , Flerin Martin , Duarte Fernanda , Langton Matthew J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractArtificial ion transport systems have emerged as an important class of compounds that promise applications in chemotherapeutics as anticancer agents or to treat channelopathies. Stimulus‐responsive systems that offer spatiotemporally controlled activity for targeted applications remain rare. Here we utilize dynamic hydrogen bonding interactions of a 4,6‐dihydroxy‐isophthalamide core to generate a modular platform enabling access to stimuli‐responsive ion transporters that can be activated in response to a wide variety of external stimuli, including light, redox, and enzymes, with excellent OFF‐ON activation profiles. Alkylation of the two free hydroxyl groups with stimulus‐responsive moieties locks the amide bonds through intramolecular hydrogen bonding and hence makes them unavailable for anion binding and transport. Triggering using a particular stimulus to cleave both cages reverses the hydrogen bonding arrangement, to generate a highly preorganized anion binding cavity for efficient transmembrane transport. Integration of two cages that are responsive to orthogonal stimuli enables multi‐stimuli activation, where both stimuli are required to trigger transport in an AND logic process. Importantly, the strategy provides a facile method to post‐functionalize the highly active transporter core with a variety of stimulus‐responsive moieties for targeted activation with multiple triggers.
Enhancement of an entomopathogenic fungal virulence against the seedcorn maggot, Delia platura, by suppressing immune responses with a bacterial culture broth of Photorhabdus temperata subsp. temperata
Authors: Abdisa Eticha , Park Hyunje , Kwon Jiyoon , Jin Gahyeon , Esmaeily Mojtaba , Kim Yonggyun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn Korea, there are two maggot species in the Delia genus that commonly infest the roots and stems of the Welsh onion, thus causing serious economic damage on the crop at the seedling stage. In this study, the seedcorn maggot (Delia platura) was detected in onion fields in two different localities in Korea. After overwintering, maggot infestations occurred throughout the entire growing seasons from transplantation to harvest, but their specific patterns of occurrence varied in the two localities examined. Entomopathogenic fungi induced significant virulence against the maggot larvae, in which a strain of Beauveria bassiana was effective, though it exhibited limited mortality in its insecticidal activity. To enhance this insecticidal activity, a culture broth from an entomopathogenic bacterium, Photorhabdus temperata temperata (Ptt), was added to B. bassiana treatment. The addition of Ptt broth significantly increased the insecticidal activity of B. bassiana in a dose‐dependent manner. To elucidate this enhancement in insecticidal activity, the immunosuppressive activity of Ptt broth was assessed by identifying the immune responses of the seedcorn maggots. The seedcorn maggots possessed at least three different hemocytes with plasmatocytes, crystal cells, and lamellocytes. These hemocytes exhibited nodule formation in response to the fungal infection. In addition to the cellular immunity, the maggots exhibited inducible expressions of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes such as cecropin and defensin. The addition of Ptt broth suppressed the nodule formation and the AMP expressions in response to the fungal infection. Altogether, this study demonstrated the innate immune responses in a non‐model insect, D. platura, along with the application of immunosuppression to develop a highly efficient biological control by enhancing the virulence of B. bassiana.
Quinone Methide Based Self‐Immobilizing Molecular Fluorescent Probes for In Situ Imaging of Enzymes
Authors: Miao Yeru , Yu Zhen‐Qing , Xu Shuai , Yan Mei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEnzymes play important roles not only in normal physiological processes but in the development of many diseases. In situ imaging of enzymes with high‐resolution in living systems would helpful for clinical diagnosis and treatment. However, many molecular fluorescent probes suffer from the drawback of diffusing away from the reaction site of enzymes even out of the cells, losing the in situ information and resulting in poor imaging resolution. Quinone methide (QM) based self‐immobilizing probes allow the fluorescent signal to be immobilized near the target for an extended period without deactivating the target enzymes, ensuring that it will provide amplified signals and in situ information of the target with high resolution. In this review, we summarized the recent progress of QM‐based self‐immobilizing probes including their design strategies, working mechanisms, classifications and applications in in situ enzyme imaging. This review calls for the development of more activatable QM‐based probe with the advantages of high stability in the absence of the target but very high labeling efficiency after activation.
Positron emission tomography imaging of the P2X7 receptor with a novel tracer, [18F]GSK1482160, in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease and healthy non‐human primates
Authors: Qiu Yifan , Bi Lei , Huang Guolong , Li Zhijun , Wei Huiyi , Li Guocong , Wei Junjie , Liao Kai , Yang Min , Ye Peizhen , Liu Yongshan , Zhao Xianxian , Hou Yuyi , Shen Yanfang , Zhou Renwei , Liu Tuoen , Tong Henry Hoi Yee , Wang Lu , Jin Hongjun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate [18F]GSK1482160 Positron emission tomography imaging for targeting P2X7R, a biomarker for neuroinflammation. Studies of acute neuroinflammation in rodents and transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as wild‐type (WT) controls, were conducted via PET‐CT‐MRI scans after tail vein injection of [18F]GSK1482160. Imaging was quantified based on the time‐activity curve, the standardized uptake value ratio, and the binding kinetics distribution volume ratio (DVR) to assess the expression of P2X7R. Tissues were collected post‐PET for immunofluorescence staining. Correlation analysis was performed between DVR and Morris water maze test results. Finally, dynamic Positron Emission Tomography‐Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PET‐MRI) scans were performed in healthy non‐human primates (NHPs). Our study demonstrated that AD mice had a significantly higher DVR than WT mice in the hippocampus (0.92 ± 0.06 vs. 0.79 ± 0.02, p < 0.05), cortex (1.09 ± 0.03 vs. 0.88 ± 0.04, p < 0.05), and striatum (1.02 ± 0.10 vs. 0.83 ± 0.1, p < 0.05). Immunofluorescence staining showed increased expression of P2X7R in the AD, along with its colocalization with activated microglia and astrocytes. Correlation analysis indicated that brain regions with higher binding of [18F]GSK1482160 (i.e., the cortex, striatum, and hippocampus) were more vulnerable to cognitive impairment. PET‐MRI scans of healthy NHPs demonstrated the feasibility of brain penetration and P2X7R target engagement for the translation of [18F]GSK1482160 in human studies.
Big data driven supply chain innovative capability for sustainable competitive advantage in the food supply chain: Resource‐based view perspective
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Raut Rakesh D. , Mangla Sachin Kumar , Moizer Jonathan , Lean Jonathan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe food supply chain (FSC) is becoming more sustainable as companies aim to meet demand with lower waste and emissions. Big data analytics (BDA) can help achieve sustainability goals by extracting meaningful information from past data to help create sustainable strategies. However, in the sustainability literature, BDA's role in enabling sustainable FSC innovations is not explored. Thus, this study investigates how data‐driven analytics might improve FSC innovation by adopting creative tactics in every triple bottom line (TBL) component – green, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and financial – to gain a competitive edge. A resource‐based view (RBV) perspective was used to evaluate the links between supply chain (SC) innovation capabilities and competitive advantage (CA) in FSC innovation and sustainability. Indian food processing enterprises were surveyed using a questionnaire to collect data from 200 respondents. Adopting a structural equation modelling (SEM) approach, six hypotheses were evaluated for significance on the surveyed data using AMOS V.20. Since both goodness and badness fit indices were above cut‐off values, the measurement model was robustly evaluated and found to fit the survey data well. Structural model findings supported all study hypotheses. The results indicate that BDA strongly impacts food supply chain TBL and FSC innovation. Data‐driven innovative TBL methods were shown to boost FSC competitiveness. With the growing demand for value‐added innovation in FSC sustainable development, this study uniquely contributes to the current literature by linking BDA and TBL practice innovation to FSC CA.
Retrospective analysis of real‐world prescribing data for managing cisplatin‐based chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting in China
Authors: Si Xia , Zhang Hongyan , Ding Qingming , Liu Gang , Huang Lin , Sun Xin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe current utilization of neurokinin‐1 receptor antagonists (NK1RAs) and the impact of updated guidelines on prescription patterns of antiemetic drugs among Chinese patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) remain undetermined. This study aims to analyze the present situation of Chinese cancer patients using antiemetic drugs and assess the appropriateness of antiemetic regimens.MethodsPrescription data were collected between January 2015 and December 2020 from cancer patients receiving cisplatin‐based chemotherapy at 76 hospitals in six major cities in China. Trends in the use of antiemetic drugs, prescribing patterns and adherence to antiemetic guidelines were assessed.ResultsAmong the 108,611 patients included in this study, 6 classes and 17 antiemetic drugs were identified as monotherapy or combination therapy in 93,872 patients (86.4%), whereas 14,739 patients (13.6%) were administered no antiemetic treatment. 5‐hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor antagonists (5‐HT3RAs) and glucocorticoids were the two most frequently used classes of antiemetics, followed by metoclopramide. NK1RAs were underused across the six cities, only 9332 (8.6%) and 1655 (1.5%) cisplatin‐based treatments were prescribed aprepitant and fosaprepitant, respectively. Prescriptions of olanzapine and lorazepam were very low throughout the study period. In prescribing patterns of antiemetic drugs, dual combination regimens were the most common (40.0%), followed by triple combination therapy and monotherapy (25.8% and 15.1%, respectively). Overall, the adherence to antiemetic guidelines for patients undergoing cisplatin‐based regimens was only 8.1% due to inadequate prescription of antiemetic drugs. Finally, our study also revealed that 5‐HT3RAs and glucocorticoids were overprescribed in 8.8% and 1.6% of patients, respectively.ConclusionsThe current study reveals suboptimal utilization of recommended antiemetic drugs for managing cisplatin‐based HEC‐induced nausea and vomiting in China. Improving the management of CINV is crucial, and these findings provide valuable insights into optimizing antiemetic drug practices.
Effects of Microwave Utilization on the Color Properties of Food: A Review
Authors: Alkanan Zina T. , Altemimi Ammar B. , Hassan Nora Ali , Didar Zohreh , Hesarinejad Mohammad Ali , Rahman Salama Nadia Abdel , Al‐Hashimi Alaa Ghazi , Cacciola Francesco , Abedelmaksoud Tarek Gamal 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis review discusses the importance of food coloring in determining consumer food preferences and the factors that can affect the color of food. It emphasizes the significance of preventing the degradation of pigments during food preparation and highlights the role of microwave ovens in preserving these pigments by reducing processing time and improving color quality. The review delves into the scientific principles underlying microwave heating and its effects on Maillard browning, caramelization, and other chemical reactions responsible for color changes in food. The potential benefits of microwave cooking (MWC) in preserving the natural color of certain foods are highlighted, along with challenges and considerations in maintaining color stability. The review synthesizes findings from diverse studies, providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge on the effects of microwave utilization on food color. Insights from this review contribute to a better understanding of the intricate relationship between microwave technology and the visual appeal of food, paving the way for informed culinary practices and the development of innovative MWC strategies.
Synthesis and Characterization of Co(II) Substituted Keggin‐Type Polyoxometalates as Novel Catalysts for the Hydroformylation of 1‐Hexene in a Thermomorphic Solvent System
Authors: Raabe Jan‐Christian , Hombach Lea , Poller Maximilian J. , Collauto Alberto , Roessler Maxie M. , Vorholt Andreas , Beine Anna Katharina , Albert Jakob 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPolyoxometalates (POMs) are a unique class of metal oxides, being of huge interest for the catalysis society. CoII‐substituted phosphomolybdate POMs (namely H7[PCoMo11O40], H11[PCo2Mo10O40] and H15[PCo3Mo9O40]) have been successfully synthesized for the first time. The structure of the new CoII substituted POMs was solved by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction as well as vibrational (FT‐IR and Raman) and nuclear magnetic/electron paramagnetic resonance (NMR and EPR) spectroscopy and found to be of the Keggin‐type. The Co‐POMs were then applied as molecular catalysts for the hydroformylation of 1‐hexene in a thermomorphic solvent mixture of water and 1‐butanol. This is the very first example of a 1st row transition metal POM acting as a hydroformylation catalyst achieving 46 % heptanal yield. The best results were obtained using H11[PCo2Mo10O40] as a catalyst at 140 °C, 150 bar CO/H2 1 : 2, and a reaction time of 4 h, paving the way for new POM‐based catalysts in hydroformylation reactions.
Perfect Polar Alignment of Parallel Beloamphiphile Layers: Improved Structural Design Bias Realized in Ferroelectric Crystals of the Novel “Methoxyphenyl Series of Acetophenone Azines”
Authors: Bhoday Harmeet , Knotts Nathan , Glaser Rainer 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAn improved design is described for ferroelectric crystals and implemented with the “methoxyphenyl series” of acetophenone azines, (MeO−Ph, Y)‐azines with Y=F (1), Cl (2), Br (3), or I (4). The crystal structures of these azines exhibit polar stacking of parallel beloamphiphile monolayers (PBAMs). Azines 1, 3, and 4 form true racemates whereas chloroazine 2 crystallizes as a kryptoracemate. Azines 1–4 are helical because of the N−N bond conformation. In true racemates the molecules of opposite helicity (M and P) are enantiomers A(M) and A*(P) while in kryptoracemates they are diastereomers A(M) and B*(P). The stacking mode of PBAMs is influenced by halogen bonding, with 2–4 showcasing a kink due to directional interlayer halogen bonding, whereas fluoroazine 1 demonstrates ideal polar stacking by avoiding it. Notably, (MeO−Ph, Y)‐azines display a stronger bias for dipole parallel alignment, attributed to the linearity of the biphenyl moiety as compared to the phenoxy series of (PhO, Y)‐azines with their non‐linear Ph−O−Ph moiety. The crystals of 1–4 all feature planar biphenyls and this synthon facilitates their crystallization through potent triple T‐contacts and enhances their nonlinear optical (NLO) performance by increasing conjugation length and affecting favorable chromophore conformations in the solids.