bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful transfer of “free” microvascular superficial temporal artery flap with no obvious venous drainage and use of leeches for reducing venous congestion: Case report
Authors: Lim Chai L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA case is presented of “free” flap based on the frontal branch of the left superficial temporal artery and its surrounding soft tissues, without any proper vein for anastomosis, successfully transferred for eyebrow reconstruction. One can argue that this flap was a Wolfe graft. It probably was not for two reasons. First, “hairy Wolfe grafts” are always composite grafts with a thickness of 3–4 mm, as the base of the hair follicles lies in the subcutaneous tissue. Second, the edges of the flap were not sutured to the surrounding skin. Therefore, vascularization is unlikely from the surrounding skin and there was constant, definite oozing from the edge of this flap.
Six models of heterotopic rat liver transplantation: Introducing a reverse circulation model
Authors: Lee Sun , Scott Michael H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSix different models of heterotopic partial (30%) liver transplant techniques were enumerated step‐by‐step with the special introduction of a so‐called nonregenerative model in which the afferent blood supply to the liver graft was the host's systemic blood while the reverse circulation model was to receive the host's portal blood via the suprahepatic vena cava. The reverse circulation model needs further investigation as to its applicability, but the nonregenerative partial liver transplant model certainly deserves attention because of its importance for possible infusion studies using various hepatic nutrients, hormones, and enzymes.
Canine experimental free muscle transplantation
Authors: Stevanovic Milan V. , Seaber Anthony V. , Urbaniak James R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTransplants of the cranial portion of the dog sartorius muscle were able to generate 70% of control force after 3 months if the artery, vein, and nerve were reanastomosed. Our histological and histochemical findings correlate with the functional findings. In a separate group of animals that had their muscles denervated prior to replantation, no collateral sprouting was noted and no function could be recorded when the nerve was stimulated proximally. These findings suggest that clinical application of free muscle transplantation is strongly supported by this animal model if due consideration is paid to surgical procedure and anatomical structure.
End‐to‐end and end‐to‐side microvascular anastomoses: A comparative study
Authors: Frodel John L. , Trachy Ronald , Cummings Charles W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe decision to use an end‐to‐end versus end‐to‐side anastomosis remains a controversial issue in microvascular surgery, although it is generally accepted that certain clinical situations require skills in both techniques (eg, vessel size discrepancy or the need to preserve donor vessel distal flow).Using rats, this investigation presents a unique free flap model comparing not only arterial end‐to‐end and end‐to‐side anastomoses, but venous anastomoses as well. There were 15 animals in each anastomoses group with a greater than 80% flap survival rate in each group. This supports findings of earlier studies that suggested no difference in survival when these two anastomosis types were compared.Equally important was the assessment of dermofluorormetry as an immediate postoperative perfusion monitoring device. In this model, fluorometry was not found to be useful for predicting flap viability in an early period after completion of the anastomoses.
Modifications of the vein wall after microsurgical end‐to‐side artero‐venous anastomosis
Authors: Fox Umberto , Ferro Mario , Camozzi Luca , Conti Giario , Montorsi Walter 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe repercussions on the venous wall of the creation of 20 artero‐venous anastomoses (AVA) between the femoral artery and vein of the rat have been evaluated. The rats were killed 7, 15, 30, and 90 days after AVA, and AVAs were examined by optical microscopy and by scanning electronic microscopy. Deposits of whitish material that nearly completely occluded the venous lumen were seen, especially in the group studied longer than 90 days. These venous wall lesions, which resemble arteriosclerotic lesions, must be attributed to the new hemodynamic situation created by the AVA. The implications of such findings for the long‐term validity of venous graft in vascular microsurgery and the long‐term patency of the AVA in hemodialyzed children are discussed.
Microvascular silicon replamineform grafts of 2‐ and 5‐cm lengths: Experimental studies
Authors: Berman David E. , Lineweaver William , Vasconez Beatrice , Buncke Harry 
Published: March 2007

AbstractReplamineform silicone microvascular grafts 1 mm in diameter were cut to clinically useful lengths (2 and 5 cm) and used to reconstruct segments of the femoral artery in the rabbit. Despite initial patency and flow rates comparable to flow seen in vein graft repairs and primary repair, no longterm patency was observed. The theoretical biomechanical advantages of this kind of graft material have not solved the problem of long microvascular grafting.
Experimental study of regeneration of motor end plate
Authors: Zhasng Ling , Chen Zhong Wei , Haung Sui Ren , Ling Yi Ping 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTwenty‐five Wistar rats and five dogs were used in this study. The common peroneal nerve connected with a segment of nerve graft was divided into fascicles or subfascicles and then inserted into the superficial muscular fibers of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius. The motor nerve supplying this muscle was deliberately cut away during the operation. Electrograms muscular strength, optic and electron‐microscopic, and histochemical examinations were studied 2 to 12 months postoperatively. New motor end plates and good muscular activity of the neurotized lateral head of the denervated gastrocnemius were demonstrated. This experimental result is useful for clinical applications of the method.
Practicability and reliability of model of cerebral infarction in dog by microneurosurgical technique
Authors: Weiguo Jiang , Shaoqing Li 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe authors used somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and the electron microscope to evaluate the practicability and reliability of a model of cerebral infarction produced by microneurosurgery in the dog. Complete cerebral hemisphere infarction was produced by occluding various vessels from the circle of Willis. After occlusion, there was a precipitous decrease in the amplitude of cerebral cortical components (85.65 ± 20.85 and 91.88 ± 24.59 μV before compared to 4.08 ± 1.99 and 2.85 ± 1.38 μV after occlusion, P <.001). The majority of the neurons at the 6th hour after occlusion became degenerated and contained no recognizable organelles.This study shows that the occlusion of various vessels from the base of the brain by microneurosurgery could produce a practical, reliable model of infarction with a high rate of success. The size and location of infarction can be controlled, and it is suitable for intracranial microvascular research.
Scanning electron microscopic study of microvascular anastomoses on irradiated vessels: Long‐term effect of irradiation
Authors: de Wilde Rudy L. , Donders Gilbert 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA study was performed to determine the effect of preoperative irradiation on microvascular arterial anastomoses. The study focused on microthrombi and epithelial regeneration. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), a clear difference was seen comparing nonirradiated to irradiated vessels. No difference was found between short‐ and long‐term effects of irradiation.
A comparison of continuous with interrupted sutures in microvascular anastomosis
Authors: Mao Kenneth , Tang Mai Y. M. , South John Roger 
Published: March 2007

AbstractMicrovascular anastomoses were performed on rat common carotid arteries using either continuous or interrupted sutures. The contralateral common carotid artery was ligated to create a demand situation. At 6 months, there was no statistically significant difference between the diameters of vessels anastomosed with continuous sutures and those with interrupted sutures.
Efficacy of dexon microsutures in rat major abdominal vessel anastomosis. I: Application to heterotopic heart transplant
Authors: Pempinello Ciro , Haghighi P. , Lee Sun , Curtis Guy P. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA total of 52 syngeneic heterotopic heart transplants were performed using 9‐0 Dexon microsutures to see if these anastomoses could be tolerable when challenged by the burden of transplanted heart and lung. Eighteen long‐term surviving transplants were verified by reliable ECG, Doppler tracings, and direct palpation of the heart grafts. Animals sacrificed at monthly intervals beginning 3 to 6 months posttransplantation were free of thrombus, lung abscesses, and separation at the anastomoses. Even though foreign body reaction was still present up to 5 months posttransplantation, no actual sutures were present after 3 months. From these observations, Dexon microsuture is acceptable in organ transplantation procedures.
Effect of dextran 70 and saline on thrombus formation following arteriotomy and intimectomy in small arteries
Authors: Wieslander Jan B. , Dougan Peter , Stjernquist U. , Mecklenburg C. V. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTwenty‐four arteries of rabbit ears, divided into three groups of eight, were prepared and 32P‐platelets injected. Arteriotomy (7 mm) and intimectomy (5 mm) were performed and in vivo platelet accumulation followed for 2 hours. Group A comprised untreated control animals, group B was treated with 17 ml saline/kg bw, and group C with 1 g dextran and 17 ml saline/kg bw (Macrodex).Significant differences in platelet accumulation were observed only between the control and Macrodex groups at 105 and 120 minutes. In the control and saline groups four of eight vessels showed poor or no patency. All Macrodex vessels showed good patency. Control and saline vessels had large amounts of red thrombotic material, except for three saline cases with small amounts. After Macrodex treatment five of eight vessels were apparently clean, while the other three showed only small amounts of red thrombotic material.Dextran seems not to influence platelet function but rather to inhibit fibrin stabilization and probably increases fibrinolysis. Vascular patency was only endangered by the formation of solid fibrin‐containing red thrombi.
Peripheral hemodynamic stability during prolonged anesthesia in the rat
Authors: Joos Karen M. , Blair William F. , Brown Thomas D. , Gabel Ronald H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe present study tests the hypothesis that peripheal hemodynamics in the rat femoral artery remain relatively stable during 3 hours of general anesthesia. Hemodynamic variables (pulse period, maximal centerline velocity, lumen diameter, and mean volumetric flow) were measured by the 20 MHz‐pulsed ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter method at 30‐minute intervals. The hemodynamic variables were not statistically different during the duration of the study. The mean values were pulse period 160 ± 2 msec, maximal centerline velocity 37.0 ± 1.9 cm/sec, lumen diameter 0.94 ± 0.03 mm, and mean volumetric flow 1.92 ± 0.19 cc/min.
Modified great toe wrap for thumb reconstruction
Authors: Tsai Tsu‐min , Falconer David 
Published: March 2007

AbstractReconstruction of the traumatically amputated thumb can be achieved with good cosmetic and functional results utilizing autogenous bone graft and a neurosensory free wrap‐around flap from the great toe. The donor area of the toe is modified to create a wrap‐around flap to transfer innervated glabrous skin from the medial and lateral borders of the toe. This modification includes nail and nail matrix while preserving toe length and the important plantar weight‐bearing skin of the great toe. A series of three patients who have undergone thumb reconstruction utilizing this method are reported. Postoperative follow‐up averages 15 months. Sensory recovery is comparable to that reported in the literature; cosmetic appearance of the thumb and nail growth are good.
Free peroneal flap coverage of the great toe defect resulting from a wrap‐around flap transfer
Authors: Hashimoto Fumio , Nomura Susumu , Yamauchi Shigeki , Shimamura Kohji , Yoshimura Mitsuo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn thumb reconstruction, the wrap‐around free flap from the great toe with distal terminal phalanx attached gives a better replica of a thumb esthetically and functionally and has many advantages. However, there are problems in the great toe, such as delayed wound healing, pain caused by long‐time walking, ulceration, and skin erosion. We closed the skin defect of the great toe with a free peroneal flap in seven cases. In all cases of both the wraparound flap and peroneal flap complete healing was obtained after the operation without trouble. The donor great toe causes no significant morbidity.
Microsurgical extramucous ureteroureterostomy in rats
Authors: Lamesch Alfred J. , Dociu Nicolae 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to perfect the microsurgical technique of ureteroureterostomy in rats as a contribution to reconstructive surgery of the urinary tract in congenital malformations in newborns and infants. Microsurgical ureteroureterostomy was performed in 100 rats with Nylon and Vicryl 10‐0 and 11‐0 swaged on a BV‐6 and BV‐8 needle. Postoperative investigation of renal function and permeability of the anastomoses was realized by macroscopic examination and by IM urography. The healing of the anastomoses was studied at different intervals after operation by histologic and scanning electron microscopic evaluation. Results include (1) per primam healing without stenosis in 98% of the cases; (2) urine proof anastomosis achieved to avoid scarification; (3) extramucous sutures preferable to prevent leakage and also crystallization that rapidly occurs in the rat and (4) tubing or nephrostomy is unnecessary.
Temporary arteriovenous shunt prior to free myoosseous flap transfer
Authors: Grenga Tad E. , Yetman Randall J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe use of temporary arteriovenous shunt constructed in the lower extremity prior to a free microvascular transfer of an internal oblique/iliac crest flap, is described. The indications for the technique are presented. Conventional free flap transfer may require maturation of a suitable inflow source or outflow conduit, which is provided by a temporary shunt, subsequently used for recipient vessels. The two‐stage procedure is applicable when local vessels are inadequate for immediate transfer.
Determination of the patency of vascular prostheses implanted in the rat aorta by means of ultrasonic blood‐flow measurements
Authors: Hess F. , Steeghs S. , Jerusalem C. , Wijn P. , Skotnicki S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPatency of vascular prostheses implanted in the rat aorta is usually confirmed by reoperation and inspection of the distal stump of the aorta for pulsations. Repeated reoperation on rats included in long‐term investigations is not possible because of the increasing formation of scar tissue and adhesions at the site of the distal aorta. Consequently, noninvasive ultrasonic Doppler measurement was investigated to determine whether this method could provide accurate information about the patency of an implanted prosthesis. A total of 37 rats with 10‐cm‐long prostheses implanted in the aorta (groups C nonsupported prostheses, n = 12; and D supported prostheses, n = 25), eight normal nonoperated controls (group A), and three rats with a ligated aorta (negative controls, group B) were studied over a period of 12 weeks. The Dopplerrecordings obtained in the normal animals served as controls for the recordings of rats with an implanted prosthesis. A prosthesis was considered patent if the Dopplermeasurements obtained from the femoral artery resembled that of the normal pattern. In seven cases a prosthesis was suspected to be occluded since the Dopplermeasurements resembled those obtained after aortic ligation. Autopsy confirmed the Dopplermeasurements in all cases. No Dopplermeasurements returned to normal in the femoral artery in the aorta‐ligated rats even after longer periods post‐operation. It is concluded that Dopplermeasurements can accurately provide information about the patency of a vascular prosthesis implanted in the rat aorta.
Per‐operative topical administration of ZK 36 374 (iloprost) acts favorably on patency of small artery anastomoses in rats
Authors: Kort Will J. , De Kam Janny , Westbroek Dick L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAspirin (group I, 20 mg/kg, 0.5 hour preoperatively, ip, xylocaine (group II, topical administation of 1 ml of a 2% solution), and ZK 36 374 (IIoprost) either pre‐ or per‐ or postoperatively (group III, 10 μg/kg 0.5 hour peroperatively iv; group IV, topical administration of 1 ml of a solution containing 25 μg/ml peroperatively; and group V, 10 μg/kg 0.5 hour postoperatively iv) were given to groups of BN female rats in order to improve the patency rate of small artery (<0.5 mm) anastomoses. The rats in group VI received saline peroperatively by topical application, this group served as a control. The patency was established by means of arteriography and macroscopical examination. Neither aspirin nor xylocaine improved the number of successful anastomoses. However, IIoprost administered topically, while performing the anastomosis, substantially improved the patency rate when compared with group VI, the control group. In the control group only five out of 21 animals showed patent anastomoses, whereas in group IV (IIoprost, topical administration) seven out of ten operations were successful.The results suggest that IIoprost applied locally could be helpful in clinical microsurgery for elective operations as well as in replantation surgery.
An alternative technique of microvascular anastomosis
Authors: Hou Sheng‐Mou , Seaber Anthony V. , Urbaniak James R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe femoral arteries and veins of rats were severed and reanastomosed, using either the conventional interrupted suture technique or an alternative interrupted technique that allows the lumen to remain visible throughout the reanastomosis procedure. The alternative technique involves placing the sutures in the posterior wall of the vessel, eliminating the necessity of rotating the microsurgical clamp during the anastomosis. Clinically, this method may be advantageous in cases where the anastomosis is being performed in a deep wound in which there is no room to turn over the microclamp. Additionally, this technique allows the posterior wall of the vessel to be observed throughout the anastomosis procedure, reducing the possibility of accidental placement of sutures through the posterior wall and resulting nonpatency. There was no significant difference between the two techniques in terms of operating time, patency rate, aneurysm formation, arteriography, and histological findings.
Experimental model for the study of the human appendix
Authors: Arnbjörnsson Einar 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA simple and reproducible model for the experimental study of the normally functioning human appendix is described. The appendix removed from a human is transplanted into a nude mouse and is kept vital for at least 4 hours. This model is an improvement on previous models. It corresponds well with the working of the normal human appendix as regards tissue type and characteristics. Results are easily quantified and a paired control is possible in the experimental animal. This simplifies the experimental design and statistical calculations. The model can be used to gain additional information about the pathophysiology of the human appendix and the possible influence of drugs on this organ.
Nerve regeneration through a synthetic microporous tube (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene): Experimental study in the sciatic nerve of the rat
Authors: Cuadros C. Luis , Granatir Charles E. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractNerve grafts made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were used to bridge 10‐mm gaps in the sciatic nerves of rats. The most prominent gross and histological finding was abundant neovascularization and capillary ingrowth through the microporous PTFE wall. Organized, myelinated nerve tissue was observed. After 4 months, regeneration through hollow PTFE tubes (N = 16) was equivalent to autogenous nerve grafts (N = 12) as measured by gastrocnemius muscle weights (P = 0.33). Nerve conduction velocity in the hollow PTFE tubes was 21.7 m/sec as compared to 50.6 m/sec in the control nerves (P < 0.001).
Effects of lidocaine concentration on distal capillary blood flow in a rabbit ear model
Authors: Haines Peter C. , Ranzoni Joseph , Longnecker David E. , Morgan Raymond F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe laser pulse doppler provides a noninvasive, reproducible method to measure the flux in distal capillary blood flow in a rabbit ear model. The distal capillary blood flow responds proportionally to changes in periarterial lidocaine concentration. The response is biphasic. Flow initially decreased from the baseline in all lidocaine concentrations between 0.5% and 10.0%. Proportional increases in distal blood flow above baseline are noted as the buffered lidocaine concentrations increase from 1.0% to 10.0%. Lidocaine concentration of 0.5% dose not increase distal blood flow above baseline.
Tubal reanastomosis: A comparison between microsurgical and microlaser techniques
Authors: McLaughlin David S. , Bonaventura Leo M. , Jarrett John C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn order to evaluate the effect of the carbon dioxide laser as an adjunct to conventional microsurgical techniques, the authors retrospectively reviewed the charts of 53 patients who underwent tubal reanastomosis after elective sterilization. Thirty‐two patients had non‐laser microsurgical reanastomosis from 1981 to 1985; 21 patients had microlaser tubal reanastomosis from 1983 to 1985. All patients had unprotected intercourse for at least 1 year. In the non‐laser group, 15 were known to have conceived, and in the laser group, eight had conceived; success rates were 43.7% and 42.9%, respectively. It is concluded that the carbon dioxide laser's advantages (precision, hemostasis, and the ability to preserve more normal reproductive tissue), although technically beneficial in performing microsurgical tubal reanastomosis, may not prove to be superior to conventional microsurgical technique as pregnancy rates are compared. Additional long‐term studies are needed as more experience is gained to further delineate the role of the carbon dioxide laser for microsurgical tubal reanastomosis.
CO2 laser microsurgery: Five years experience with long‐term results
Authors: Mage G. , Pouly J. L. , Canis M. , Bruhat M. A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTechniques and results of CO2 laser microsurgery are reported from a series of 123 patients operated on between 1979 and 1983. Salpingostomy was carried out in 76 patients, reversal of sterilization in 16 patients, reanastomosis for pathologic disease in 12 patients, and combined procedures in 19 patients. Results compare favorably with conventional microsurgery. CO2 laser surgery appears to be a very effective technique and is very easy to achieve in microsurgery. Correct use of CO2 laser is required in order to obtain a good post‐operative success rate. The surgeon must be competent in microsurgery and in laser technology.