bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marking Time: Astrology, Almanacs, and English Protestantism*
Authors: Chapman Alison A. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThis essay correlates changes in early modern astrological almanacs with broad changes in early modern English Protestant culture over the sixteenth and seventeenth century. These almanacs show an increasing tendency to be highly specific as to place and time and to suggest that precise times and precise places are given a larger meaning by their relationship to the stars and planets wheeling overhead. By lending a vertical significance to place and time, almanacs run counter to early modern Protestantism, which suggested that place and time have no inherent sacred significance. Thus the rise of the early modern astrological almanac may have been impelled by a desire on the part of early modern men and women to have time and place mean something.
Post-start-up overlap and disattentiveness in talk in a Garrwa Community
Authors: Gardner Rod , Mushin Ilana 
Published: December 2007

Overlap in conversation is a well-established area of conversation analysis research (e.g. Jefferson 1983; Schegloff 2000) which can reveal how participants orient to transition relevance places. This paper presents an analysis of overlap in the mixed (Garrwa, Kriol and English) language conversations of two indigenous Australian women as part of a larger study of turn-taking practices in indigenous conversations. Walsh (Walsh 1995) made some observations about Aboriginal conversational style, for example that they may enter a conversation without attending to the talk of others. His observational claims are empirically examined here in the context of our data.
We find that the overlapping talk in our data follows many patterns similar to English speakers’ talk, including transition space overlap (cf. Jefferson 1983) and simultaneous starts. The most important difference we found was overlap onset occurring shortly after the closure of the transition space, reflecting disattendance by speakers to the content, but not the timing, of each other’s talk. Overall, however, we find that the turn-taking of these two women is overwhelmingly orderly, and deviations from orderliness can mostly be accounted for by their orientation to points of possible completion and rules of turn-taking as described by Sacks, Schegloff and Jefferson (1974).
Convective Drying of the Thermotolerant Kluyveromyces marxianus at Relatively Low Temperatures and its Efficiency in Whey Fermentation
Authors: Papapostolou H. , Bosnea L.A. , Kanellaki M. , Koutinas A.A. 
Published: December 2007

Thermally dried thermophilic K. marxianus has proved to be an effective starter culture for whey fermentation.
Convective drying of K. marxianus can be performed effectively in the range 35-60oC. The best drying temperature for is
considered 35oC since it is the most cost effective without any substantial difference in kinetic parameters when compared
with higher temperatures.
The impact of thermally dried starter culture of K. marxianus is high, since several products could be produced from
whey, such as potable and fuel-grade alcohol, baker’s yeast, SCP to feed animals and a Kefir drink-type. Furthermore, the
economical impact of thermally dried starter culture production is essential, since it may lead small dairy enterprises to
treat their own whey by producing added value products and protecting the environment from this much polluted liquid.
GC-MS analysis of fermented whey indicates that it contains volatiles similar to traditional drinks produced from vegetable
raw materials.
Statin-Induced Increase in HDL-C and Renal Function in Coronary Heart Disease Patients§
Authors: Athyros Vasilios G , Kakafika Anna I , Papageorgiou Athanasios A , Pagourelias Efstathios D , Savvatianos Savvas D , Elisaf Moses , Karagiannis Asterios , Tziomalos Konstantinos , Mikhailidis Dimitri P 
Published: December 2007

Background: Little is known about the potential of statin-induced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increase to improve renal function in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients.Methods and Results: In thispost hocanalysis of the GREek Atorvastatin and Coronary heart disease Evaluation (GREACE) Study we investigated the effect of HDL-C increase after statin treatment on renal function. From a total of 1,600 patients, 880 were on various statins (mainly atorvastatin) and 720 were not. Other secondary prevention therapies were similar in the 2 groups. After a 3 year follow up, the lipid profile was unchanged in the statin untreated group and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was reduced by 5.1% compared with baseline (P<0.0001). In contrast, in the statin treated group non-HDL-C was reduced by 43%, HDL-C was increased by 7% and there was a significant increase in eGFR compared with baseline by 9.8% (P<0.0001). In multiple regression analysis, the mean 7% increase in HDL-C in the treated arm during the entire study was associated with a 5.6% increase in eGFR recorded after the 6thweek of treatment. The odds ratio of eGFR increase with every 5% statin-induced rise in HDL-C was 1.78 (95% confidence interval 1.19-3.34; P=0.001).Conclusions: Statin treatment significantly improved renal function. Statin-induced HDL-C increase significantly and independently contributed to this improvement. This finding supports the concept that improving lipid variables other than low density lipoprotein cholesterol is also beneficial to preserving renal function.
On PAC and bounded substructures of a stable structure
Authors: Pillay Anand , Polkowska Dominika 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe introduce and study the notions of a PAC-substructure of a stable structure, and aboundedsubstructure of an arbitrary substructure, generalizing [10]. We give precise definitions and equivalences, saying what it means for properties such as PAC to be first order, study some examples (such as differentially closed fields) in detail, relate the material to generic automorphisms, and generalize a “descent theorem” for pseudo-algebraically closed fields to the stable context. We also point out that the elementary invariants of pseudo-algebraically closed fields from [6] are also valid for pseudo-differentially closed fields.
A remark on Zilber's pseudoexponentiation
Authors: Marker David 
Published: December 2007

When studying the model theory ofthe first observation is that the integers can be defined asSince ∂exp is subject to all of Gödel's phenomena, this is often also the last observation. After Wilkie proved that ℝexp is model complete, one could ask the same question for ∂exp, but the answer is negative.Proposition 1.1. ∂expis not model completeProof. If ∂exp is model complete, then every definable set is a projection of a closed set. Since ∂ is locally compact, every definable set is Fσ. The same is true for the complement, so every definable set is also Gδ. But, since ℤ is definable, ℚ is definable and a standard corollary of the Baire Category Theorem tells us that ℚ is not Gδ.Still, there are several interesting open questions about ∂exp.• Is ℝ definable in ∂exp?• (quasiminimality) Is every definable set countable or co-countable? (Note that this is true in the structure (∂, ℤ, +, ·) where we add a predicate for ℤ).• (Mycielski) Is there an automorphism of ∂exp other than the identity and complex conjugation?1A positive answer to the first question would tell us that ∂exp is essentially second order arithmetic, while a positive answer to the second would say that integers are really the only obstruction to a reasonable theory of definable sets.A fascinating, novel approach to ∂exp is provided by Zilber's [6] pseudoexponentiation. Let L be the language {+, · E, 0, 1}.
A new S4 classical modal logic in natural deduction
Authors: Medeiros Maria Da Paz N. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe show, first, that the normalization procedure for S4 modal logic presented by Dag Prawitz in [5] does not work. We then develop a new natural deduction system for S4 classical modal logic that is logically equivalent to that of Prawitz, and we show that every derivation in this new system can be transformed into a normal derivation.
A polynomial translation of S4 into intuitionistic logic
Authors: Fernandez David 
Published: December 2007

It is known that both S4 and the Intuitionistic prepositional calculus Int are P-SPACE complete. This guarantees that there is a polynomial translation from each system into the other.However, no sound and faithful polynomial translation from S4 into Int is commonly known. The problem of finding one was suggested by Dana Scott during a very informal gathering of logicians in February 2005 at UCLA. Grigori Mints then brought it to my attention, and in this paper I present a solution. It is based on Kripke semantics and describes model-checking for S4 using formulas of Int.A simple translation from Int into S4, the Gödel-Tarski translation, is wellknown; given a formula φ of Int, one obtains by prefixing □ to every subformula. For example,.That the translation is sound and faithful can be seen by considering topological semantics, which assign open sets both to □-formulas of S4 and arbitrary formulas of Int; the interpretation of φ and turn out to be identical. See Tarski's paper [6] for details. Gödel's original paper can be found in [3].In [2], Friedman and Flagg present a kind of inverse to Gödel-Tarski. Given a formula φ of S4 and a finite set of formulas Γ of Int, for each ε ∈ Γ one gets an intuitionistic formula given recursively by
Linear Kripke frames and Gödel logics
Authors: Beckmann Arnold , Preining Norbert 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe investigate the relation between intermediate predicate logics based on countable linear Kripke frames with constant domains and Gödel logics. We show that for any such Kripke frame there is a Gödel logic which coincides with the logic defined by this Kripke frame on constant domains and vice versa. This allows us to transfer several recent results on Gödel logics to logics based on countable linear Kripke frames with constant domains: We obtain a complete characterisation of axiomatisability of logics based on countable linear Kripke frames with constant domains. Furthermore, we obtain that the total number of logics defined by countable linear Kripke frames on constant domains is countable.
Combinatorial principles weaker than Ramsey's Theorem for pairs
Authors: Hirschfeldt Denis R. , Shore Richard A. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe investigate the complexity of various combinatorial theorems about linear and partial orders, from the points of view of computability theory and reverse mathematics. We focus in particular on the principles ADS (Ascending or Descending Sequence), which states that every infinite linear order has either an infinite descending sequence or an infinite ascending sequence, and CAC (Chain-AntiChain), which states that every infinite partial order has either an infinite chain or an infinite antichain. It is wellknown that Ramsey's Theorem for pairs () splits into a stable version () and a cohesive principle (COH). We show that the same is true of ADS and CAC, and that in their cases the stable versions are strictly weaker than the full ones (which is not known to be the case for and ). We also analyze the relationships between these principles and other systems and principles previously studied by reverse mathematics, such as WKL0, DNR, and BΣ2. We show, for instance, that WKL0 is incomparable with all of the systems we study. We also prove computability-theoretic and conservation results for them. Among these results are a strengthening of the fact, proved by Cholak, Jockusch, and Slaman, that COH is -conservative over the base system RCA0. We also prove that CAC does not imply DNR which, combined with a recent result of Hirschfeldt, Jockusch. Kjos-Hanssen, Lempp, and Slaman, shows that CAC does not imply (and so does not imply ). This answers a question of Cholak, Jockusch, and Slaman.Our proofs suggest that the essential distinction between ADS and CAC on the one hand and on the other is that the colorings needed for our analysis are in some way transitive. We formalize this intuition as the notions of transitive and semitransitive colorings and show that the existence of homogeneous sets for such colorings is equivalent to ADS and CAC, respectively. We finish with several open questions.
Power set modulo small, the singular of uncountable cofinality
Authors: Shelah Saharon 
Published: December 2007

AbstractLet μ be singular of uncountable cofinality. If μ > 2cf(μ), we prove that in ℙ = ([μ]μ, ⊇) as a forcing notion we have a natural complete embedding of Levy(ℵ0, μ+) (so ℙ collapses μ+to ℵ0) and even Levy (). The “natural” means that the forcing ({p∈ [μ] :pclosed}, ⊇) is naturally embedded and is equivalent to the Levy algebra. Also if ℙ fails theχ-c.c. then it collapsesχto ℵ0(and the parallel results for the case μ > ℵ0is regular or of countable cofinality). Moreover we prove: for regular uncountableκ, there is a familyPofκpartitionsĀ= ⟨Aα:α<κ⟩ ofκsuch that for anyA∈ [κ]κfor some ⟨Aα:α<κ⟩ ∈Pwe have α <κ⇒ ∣Aα∩A∣ =κ.
Parallel interpolation, splitting, and relevance in belief change
Authors: Kourousias George , Makinson David 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe splitting theorem says that any set of formulae has a finest representation as a family of letter-disjoint sets. Parikh formulated this for classical propositional logic, proved it in the finite case, used it to formulate a criterion for relevance in belief change, and showed that AGM partial meet revision can fail the criterion. In this paper we make three further contributions. We begin by establishing a new version of the well-known interpolation theorem, which we call parallel interpolation, use it to prove the splitting theorem in the infinite case, and show how AGM belief change operations may be modified, if desired, so as to ensure satisfaction of Parikh's relevance criterion.
Palmar or plantar process fractures of the distal phalanx in riding horses: 22 cases (1994–2003)
Authors: Robson K. E. , Kristoffersen M. , Dyson S. J. 
Published: December 2007

SummaryNo case series exists in the literature describing palmar/plantar process fractures (PPFs) of the distal phalanx in a nonracehorse population. We aim to describe the distribution of these injuries, together with their clinical, radiographic and scintigraphic features. In a retrospective case study, horses were selected based on radiographic evidence of a PPF. Data were collected relating to clinical and lameness examination, radiography, scintigraphy, management and follow‐up information.Oblique and flexed oblique radiographic views of the distal phalanx are the most sensitive in detecting PPFs of the distal phalanx and this study concluded that fractures of palmar or plantar process are likely to be missed in horses showing mild lameness if oblique radiographic views of the palmar process are not included.
A new surface accumulation map for western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, from interpolation of point measurements
Authors: Rotschky Gerit , Holmlund Per , Isaksson Elisabeth , Mulvaney Robert , Oerter Hans , Van Den Broeke Michiel R. , Winther Jan-Gunnar 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAs a result of intensive field activities carried out by several nations over the past 15 years, a set of accumulation measurements for western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, was collected, based on firn-core drilling and snow-pit sampling. This new information was supplemented by earlier data taken from the literature, resulting in 111 accumulation values. Using Geographical Information Systems software, a first region-wide mean annual snow-accumulation field was derived. In order to define suitable interpolation criteria, the accumulation records were analyzed with respect to their spatial autocorrelation and statistical properties. The resulting accumulation pattern resembles well- known characteristics such as a relatively wet coastal area with a sharp transition to the dry interior, but also reveals complex topographic effects. Furthermore, this work identifies new high-return shallowdrilling sites by uncovering areas of insufficient sampling density.
Comparison of techniques for dating of subsurface ice from Monlesi ice cave, Switzerland
Authors: Luetscher Marc , Bolius David , Schwikowski Margit , Schotterer Ulrich , Smart Peter L. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe presence of cave ice is documented in many karst regions but very little is known about the age range of this potential paleoclimate archive. This case study from the Monlesi ice cave, Swiss Jura Mountains, demonstrates that dating of cave ice is possible using a multi-parameter approach. Ice petrography, debris content and oxygen isotope composition have the potential for identification of annual growth layers, but require a continuous core from the ice deposits, limiting application of this approach. Furthermore, complete melting of ice accumulations from individual years may occur, causing amalgamation of several annual bands. Use of 3H content of the ice and 14C dating of organic debris present in the ice proved to be of limited utility, providing rather broad bounds for the actual age. Initial estimates based on 210Pb analyses from clear ice samples gave results comparable to those from other methods. The most reliable techniques applied were the determination of ice turnover rates, and the dating of anthropogenic inclusions (a roof tile) in the ice. These suggest, respectively, that the base of the cave ice was a minimum of 120 and a maximum of 158 years old. Therefore, our data support the idea that mid-latitude and low-altitude subsurface ice accumulations result from modern deposition processes rather than from presence of Pleistocene relict ice.
Re‐emerging conceptual integration: commentary on Berkowitz's “On the Consideration of Automatic as well as Controlled Psychological Processes in Aggression”
Authors: Pahlavan Farzaneh 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIn recent decades, researchers in various areas of psychology have challenged the claims of a single mode of information processing, and developed dual‐process models of social behaviors. Although these theories differ on a number of dimensions, they all share the basic assumption that two different modes of information processing operate in making decision and copying behavior. In essence, the common distinction in these perspectives is between controlled vs. automatic, conscious vs. unconscious, and affective vs. cognitive modes of processing. The purpose of Berkowitz's article is to go beyond the notion of automatic processes in order to use classic notions of conditioning and displacement to explain aggressive behavior. I assert that an explanatory framework for psychology of aggression must be anchored not only in the new but also classic theoretical paradigms. However, progress in psychology does not rest solely on the accumulation of theoretical insights. It demands a large body of empirical facts, with attention to incongruities, discordances, and conceptual clarifications. Aggr. Behav. 34:130–132, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pharmacogenetic study of atypical antipsychotic drug response: Involvement of the norepinephrine transporter gene
Authors: Méary A. , Brousse G. , Jamain S. , Schmitt A. , Szöke A. , Schürhoff F. , Gavaudan G. , Lancon C. , Macquin‐Mavier I. , Leboyer M. , Llorca P.M. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe identification of genetic factors underlying individual differences in antipsychotic drug response is of major interest. We investigated the involvement of two norepinephrine transporter gene polymorphisms in response to antipychotics, comparing patients with strong and weak response to olanzapine and risperidone. We prospectively assessed short‐term drug response in 75 Caucasian schizophrenic patients treated with these drugs, using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. We then assessed the association between two SLC6A2 gene polymorphisms and drug response in this sample. No significant difference in genotype distribution was found between responders and non‐responders, for the G1287A or T‐182C polymorphism. The improvement in PANSS positive subscore was significantly greater in patients homozygous for the A1287 allele than in other patients, and significantly smaller in patients homozygous for the C‐182 allele than in other patients. Our results suggest that these polymorphisms are specifically involved in the variation of positive symptoms in schizophrenic patients. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enhanced compatibilization and orientation of polyvinyl alcohol/gelatin composite fibers using carbon nanotubes
Authors: Su Juanxia , Wang Qi , Su Run , Wang Ke , Zhang Qin , Fu Qiang 
Published: December 2007

AbstractPolyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/gelatin composite fibers containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) had been prepared by wet‐spinning method. A remarkable increase of tensile strength of the PVA/gelatin fibers was achieved by adding small amount of CNT. The mechanism of reinforcement has been studied using a combination of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), 2D wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (2D‐WAXD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM showed a decreased gelatin domain size by adding CNTs, suggesting a possible compatibilization effect between PVA and gelatin. On the other hand, an increased crystallinity and degree of orientation of PVA/gelatin fibers has been observed by adding CNTs. Thus, the increased compatibilization, crystallinity and degree of orientation in PVA/gelatin/CNTs composite fibers should be the reasons for the observed increase of mechanical properties. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Preparation of polysiloxane with pendant Cr‐bound carbazole chromophore for nonlinear optics
Authors: Hui Chen , Xiaohui Tian , Yizhong Yuan , Jiaping Lin 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA novel η6‐complex of N‐allylcarbazole containing chromium tricarbonyl was synthesized. This complex was hydrosilylated with polymethylhydrosiloxane to afford a substituted polymer. Both the complex and the polymer were characterized by classical spectroscopy techniques (FTIR, NMR, and UV–vis), gel permeation chromatography, elemental analysis, and thermal analysis (TGA and DSC). The glass transition temperature of the polymer was found to be above 100°C and its thermal decomposition temperature was above 280°C. The polymer was amorphous in nature and formed excellent homogeneous films of good optical transparency. The third nonlinear optical properties of this polymer film coated on quartz substrate were studied by time‐resolved forward degenerate four‐wave mixing (DFWM). © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Bone Remodeling in Maxilla, Mandible, and Femur of Young Dogs
Authors: Huja Sarandeep S. , Beck Frank M. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBone remodeling in the jaw is essential for metabolic needs, mechanical demands and for growth of the skeleton. Currently, there is no information on remodeling in the jaw of young dogs. Four ∼5‐month‐old male dogs were given a pair of calcein bone labels. After killing, bone sections were obtained from the maxilla, mandible, and femur. The jaw specimens were obtained from regions associated with erupting permanent teeth. Undecalcified specimens were prepared for examination by histomorphometric methods to evaluate mineral apposition rate (μm/d), mineralizing surface/bone surface (%), and bone formation rate (BFR, %/yr) in the bone supporting erupting teeth and in the femurs. Only intracortical secondary osteonal remodeling units were measured. There were significant (P < 0.05) differences in the BFR for the three sites examined, with the highest BFR (72%/yr) being in the femur. The mandible had a BFR twofold greater than the maxilla (51%/yr vs. 25.5%/yr). The rate of turnover in the jaw and femur of young dogs is distinct from a similar comparison between the jaw and appendicular skeleton of adult (∼1 yr old) dogs. Although BFR decreases with age in the femur, it remains elevated in the jaws. Anat Rec, 291:1–5, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.