bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HLA‐A2‐restricted CTL epitopes of a novel lung cancer‐associated cancer testis antigen, cell division cycle associated 1, can induce tumor‐reactive CTL
Authors: Harao Michiko , Hirata Shinya , Irie Atsushi , Senju Satoru , Nakatsura Tetsuya , Komori Hiroyuki , Ikuta Yoshiaki , Yokomine Kazunori , Imai Katsunori , Inoue Mitsuhiro , Harada Kumiko , Mori Takeshi , Tsunoda Takuya , Nakatsuru Shuichi , Daigo Yataro , Nomori Hiroaki , Nakamura Yusuke , Baba Hideo , Nishimura Yasuharu 
Published: September 2008

AbstractToward the development of a novel cancer immunotherapy, we have previously identified several tumor‐associated antigens (TAAs) and the epitopes recognized by human histocompatibility leukocyte (HLA)‐A2/A24‐restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL). In this study, we tried to identify a TAA of lung cancer (LC) and its HLA‐A2 restricted CTL epitopes to provide a target antigen useful for cancer immunotherapy of LC. We identified a novel cancer testis antigen, cell division cycle associated gene 1 (CDCA1), overexpressed in nonsmall cell LC using a cDNA microarray analysis. The expression levels of CDCA1 were also increased in the majority of small cell LC, cholangiocellular cancer, urinary bladder cancer and renal cell cancers. We used HLA‐A2.1 transgenic mice to identify the HLA‐A2 (A*0201)‐restricted CDCA1 epitopes recognized by mouse CTL, and we investigated whether these peptides could induce CDCA1‐reactive CTLs from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HLA‐A2‐positive donors and a NSCLC patient. Consequently, we found that the CDCA165–73 (YMMPVNSEV) peptide and CDCA1351–359 (KLATAQFKI) peptide could induce peptide‐reactive CTLs in HLA‐A2.1 transgenic mice. In HLA‐A2+ donors, in vitro stimulation of PBMC with these peptides could induce peptide‐reactive CTLs which killed tumor cell lines endogenously expressing both HLA‐A2 and CDCA1. As a result, CDCA1 is a novel cancer‐testis antigen overexpressed in LC, cholangiocellular cancer, urinary bladder cancer and renal cell cancers, and CDCA1 may therefore be an ideal TAA useful for the diagnosis and immunotherapy of these cancers. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of irrigation frequency under limited irrigation on root water uptake, yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat
Authors: Shao Liwei , Zhang Xiying , Chen Suying , Sun Hongyong , Wang Zhenhua 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn the North China Plain, grain yield, water use efficiency (WUE) and root water uptake of winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) were investigated for five seasons, under different irrigation frequencies associated with limited water supply. Results showed that, with half of the normal irrigation amount, the combination of different irrigation amounts per application and the total number of irrigation applications did not affect grain production and WUE in most of the seasons during 2002–07. Due to the high soil water‐holding capacity and large root system of winter wheat, crop water use during each season was similar for all treatments. Results suggest that deficit irrigation applications given to crops in several small amounts were no better than applying them in relatively large quantities, typically as two or even one application. Good soil moisture conditions at sowing also played an important role in achieving high yields of this crop under limited water supply. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of size at the nanoscale and bilayer rigidity on skin diffusion of liposomes
Authors: Babu Sundar , Fan Chenxiang , Stepanskiy Leonard , Uitto Jouni , Papazoglou Elisabeth 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis study reports the effect of liposome particle size at the nanoscale and bilayer deformability on the permeation through MatTek human skin equivalents and provides a comparative quantitative measure through calculation of diffusion coefficients. Exploring DOPC and DPPC fluorescent liposomes, our results demonstrate the faster diffusion of 50 nm liposomes compared with 100 and 200 nm liposomes when the lipid bilayer remains the same. Diffusion kinetics of the 50 nm particles appear not to depend on the rigidity of the lipid layer, whereas diffusion of particles larger than 100 nm is significantly affected by the rigidity of the bilayer, and DOPC liposomes diffuse faster than their DDPC equivalents. Our results suggest that liposomes composed of a rigid bilayer can be expected to remain intact after passing through the stratum corneum. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
MBG/PLGA composite microspheres with prolonged drug release
Authors: Li Xia , Wang Xiupeng , Zhang Lingxia , Chen Hangrong , Shi Jianlin 
Published: September 2008

AbstractMesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) and composite microspheres with MBG particles embedded in biodegradable poly(D,L‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA) matrix have been prepared and used to load gentamicin (GS). The in vitro drug release experiments from both MBG and composite microspheres were conducted in distilled water and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution at 37°C for more than 30 days. In both water and PBS, GS release from the MBG was very fast with about 60 wt % of the loaded drug released in the first 24 h, and more than 80 wt % released in two days. MBG/PLGA composite microspheres showed an initial release of about 33 wt % in the first day, and 48 wt % in 2 days, and a subsequent sustained release lasting for more than 4 weeks in PBS. MBG/PLGA composite microspheres may be used as an alternative drug release system, especially as a bone void filler for bone repair due to their combined advantages of sustained release of antibiotics and apatite‐forming ability. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
A pH‐sensitive nano drug delivery system derived from pullulan/doxorubicin conjugate
Authors: Lu Dianxiang , Wen Xiantao , Liang Jie , Gu Zhongwei , Zhang Xingdong , Fan Yujiang 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA novel pH‐sensitive nanoparticle drug delivery system for doxorubicin (DOX) is prepared. Pullulan, a natural biocompatible polysaccharide, was partly carboxymethylized; hydrazine hydrate was condensed with the carboxyl groups forming hydrazide. The hydrazide was coupled with DOX through the formation of hydrazone bond. The chemical structure of the conjugate was determined by FTIR and 1H NMR. The pullulan/DOX conjugate nanoparticles were formed through the aggregation of hydrophobic DOX. The size and morphology of prepared nanoparticles were characterized using dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscope. The results showed that the nanoparticles were spherical and their size was less than 100 nm. The content of DOX in conjugate was 3.18 wt %. The investigation of the release behavior in vitro indicated that the DOX was released from nanoparticles faster at pH 5.0 (62% DOX released within 24 h) than at pH 7.4 (29% DOX released within 24 h). The in vitro cytotoxicity of pullulan/DOX conjugate nanoparticles was tested by the MTT assay. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Protein adsorption resistance and oxygen permeability of chemically crosslinked phospholipid polymer hydrogel for ophthalmologic biomaterials
Authors: Goda Tatsuro , Matsuno Ryosuke , Konno Tomohiro , Takai Madoka , Ishihara Kazuhiko 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe biomimetic structure of a polymer hydrogel bearing phosphorylcholine groups was obtained from 2‐methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholline (MPC) and a novel crosslinker, 2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl‐N‐(2‐methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phosphorylcholine (MMPC), to prepare biocompatible ocular materials. MMPC is a dimethacrylate with phosphorylcholine‐analogous linkage. Previous reports clarified that the affinity of MMPC to MPC enables the water contents and mechanical properties of the poly(MPC) hydrogels to be varied without disturbing the bulk phases. In this study, we examined the protein adsorption resistance, water wettability, oxygen permeability, and electrolyte permeability of the mechanically enhanced poly(MPC) hydrogel crosslinked with MMPC. The amount of protein adsorbed on this hydrogel was 0.9 μg/cm2, which accounted for 30% of Omafilcon A and 3% of Etafilcon A. Water contact angle experiments revealed the high wettability of the poly(MPC) hydrogels. The oxygen permeability and NaCl diffusion constant of the poly(MPC) hydrogels were 64 barrer and 48 × 10−6 cm2/s, respectively. This high permeability resulted from the high water content, similar to the case of the human cornea. These results suggested that poly(MPC) hydrogels have good potential for use in ophthalmologic biomaterials. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
The gross morphology and histochemistry of respiratory muscles in bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus
Authors: Cotten Pamela B. , Piscitelli Marina A. , McLellan William A. , Rommel Sentiel A. , Dearolf Jennifer L. , Pabst D. Ann 
Published: September 2008

AbstractMost mammals possess stamina because their locomotor and respiratory (i.e., ventilatory) systems are mechanically coupled. These systems are decoupled, however, in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) as they swim on a breath hold. Locomotion and ventilation are coupled only during their brief surfacing event, when they respire explosively (up to 90% of total lung volume in approximately 0.3 s) (Ridgway et al. 1969 Science 166:1651–1654). The predominantly slow‐twitch fiber profile of their diaphragm (Dearolf 2003 J Morphol 256:79–88) suggests that this muscle does not likely power their rapid ventilatory event. Based on Bramble's (1989 Amer Zool 29:171–186) biomechanical model of locomotor‐respiratory coupling in galloping mammals, it was hypothesized that locomotor muscles function to power ventilation in bottlenose dolphins. It was further hypothesized that these muscles would be composed predominantly of fast‐twitch fibers to facilitate the bottlenose dolphin's rapid ventilation. The gross morphology of craniocervical (scalenus, sternocephalicus, sternohyoid), thoracic (intercostals, transverse thoracis), and lumbopelvic (hypaxialis, rectus abdominis, abdominal obliques) muscles (n = 7) and the fiber‐type profiles (n = 6) of selected muscles (scalenus, sternocephalicus, sternohyoid, rectus abdominis) of bottlenose dolphins were investigated. Physical manipulations of excised thoracic units were carried out to investigate potential actions of these muscles. Results suggest that the craniocervical muscles act to draw the sternum and associated ribs craniodorsally, which flares the ribs laterally, and increases the thoracic cavity volume required for inspiration. The lumbopelvic muscles act to draw the sternum and caudal ribs caudally, which decreases the volumes of the thoracic and abdominal cavities required for expiration. All muscles investigated were composed predominantly of fast‐twitch fibers (range 61–88% by area) and appear histochemically poised for rapid contraction. These combined results suggest that dolphins utilize muscles, similar to those used by galloping mammals, to power their explosive ventilation. J. Morphol., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rate‐independent processes in viscous solids at small strains
Authors: Roubíček Tomáš 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe so‐called generalized standard solids (of Halphen–Nguyen type) involving also activated typically rate‐independent processes such as plasticity, damage, or phase transformations are described as a system of a momentum equilibrium equation and a variational inequality for inelastic evolution of internal‐parameter variables. Various definitions of solutions are examined, especially from the viewpoint of the ability to combine rate‐independent processes and other rate‐dependent phenomena, as viscosity or also inertia. If those rate‐dependent phenomena are suppressed, then the system becomes fully rate‐independent. Illustrative examples are presented as well. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The performance of the Japanese version of the K6 and K10 in the World Mental Health Survey Japan
Authors: Furukawa Toshi A. , Kawakami Norito , Saitoh Mari , Ono Yutaka , Nakane Yoshibumi , Nakamura Yosikazu , Tachimori Hisateru , Iwata Noboru , Uda Hidenori , Nakane Hideyuki , Watanabe Makoto , Naganuma Yoichi , Hata Yukihiro , Kobayashi Masayo , Miyake Yuko , Takeshima Tadashi , Kikkawa Takehiko 
Published: September 2008

AbstractTwo new screening scales for psychological distress, the K6 and K10, have been developed using the item response theory and shown to outperform existing screeners in English. We developed their Japanese versions using the standard backtranslaton method and included them in the World Mental Health Survey Japan (WMH‐J), which is a psychiatric epidemiologic study conducted in seven communities across Japan with 2436 participants. The WMH‐J used the WMH Survey Initiative version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) to assess the 30‐day Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – Fourth Edition (DSM‐IV). Performance of the two screening scales in detecting DSM‐IV mood and anxiety disorders, as assessed by the areas under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs), was excellent, with values as high as 0.94 (95% confidence interval = 0.88 to 0.99) for K6 and 0.94 (0.88 to 0.995) for K10. Stratum‐specific likelihood ratios (SSLRs), which express screening test characteristics and can be used to produce individual‐level predicted probabilities of being a case from screening scale scores and pretest probabilities in other samples, were strikingly similar between the Japanese and the original versions. The Japanese versions of the K6 and K10 thus demonstrated screening performances essentially equivalent to those of the original English versions. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Patients' dependence on a nurse for the administration of their intravenous anti‐TNF therapy: A phenomenographic study
Authors: Larsson Ingrid , Bergman Stefan , Fridlund Bengt , Arvidsson Barbro 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBackground: Pain, stiffness and functional restriction of the joints are the main problems for many patients with inflammatory rheumatic conditions. When conventional drugs fail to delay the development of the disease, the patient may require biological treatment such as anti‐TNF therapy. Some biological drugs are administered in the form of intravenous infusions and thus the patient is obliged to attend a clinic in order to receive his/her medication, which can affect everyday life as well as independence. It is therefore important to focus on the patient perspective.Aim: The aim of this study was to describe variations in how patients with rheumatic conditions conceive their dependence on a nurse for the administration of their intravenous anti‐TNF therapy.Method: The study had a descriptive qualitative design with a phenomenographic approach. Interviews were conducted with 20 patients.Result: Three descriptive categories and seven sub‐categories emerged: Dependence that affords security (encountering continuity, encountering competence and obtaining information); Dependence that creates involvement (being allowed influence and being given freedom); Dependence that invigorates (obtaining relaxation and encountering the environment).Conclusion: The patients had not reflected on the fact that they were dependent on a nurse for the administration of their intravenous anti‐TNF therapy, which may be due to their possibility to influence the treatment. The patients' needs should constitute the basis for the nurse's role in the provision of care. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Glycaemic control and metabolic risk: getting the extra mile from diabetes control
Authors: Devers M , Fisher M 
Published: September 2008

AbstractCardiometabolic risk is an emerging term which has been used to denote the cluster of risk factors defined by the metabolic syndrome and, in addition, to include the newer risk factors which are now recognised to occur in association with dysglycaemia and abdominal obesity. Interventions for diabetes can have effects on cardiometabolic risk factors beyond lowering of hyperglycaemia, and may be an explanation for the reductions in cardiovascular events that are seen with some but not all antidiabetic drugs. Newer antidiabetic agents and the weight‐reducing drug, rimonabant, have demonstrated favourable effects on cardiometabolic risk factors and on glycaemia, and should be further studied in long‐term cardiovascular outcomes trials. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons.
Fully denaturing two‐dimensional electrophoresis of membrane proteins: A critical update
Authors: Rabilloud Thierry , Chevallet Mireille , Luche Sylvie , Lelong Cécile 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe quality and ease of proteomics analysis depends on the performance of the analytical tools used, and thus of the performances of the protein separation tools used to deconvolute complex protein samples. Among protein samples, membrane proteins are one of the most difficult sample classes, because of their hydrophobicity and embedment in the lipid bilayers. This review deals with the recent progresses and advances made in the separation of membrane proteins by 2‐DE separating only denatured proteins. Traditional 2‐D methods, i.e., methods using IEF in the first dimension are compared to methods using only zone electrophoresis in both dimensions, i.e., electrophoresis in the presence of cationic or anionic detergents. The overall performances and fields of application of both types of method is critically examined, as are future prospects for this field
Cell surface biomarkers of embryonic stem cells
Authors: Nagano Kohji , Yoshida Yoko , Isobe Toshiaki 
Published: September 2008

AbstractEmbryonic stem cells (ESCs) can give rise to any adult cell type and thus offer enormous potential for regenerative medicine and drug discovery. Molecular biomarkers serve as valuable tools to classify and isolate ESCs and to monitor their differentiation state by antibody‐based techniques. A number of biomarkers, such as certain cell surface antigens, are used to assign pluripotent ESCs; however, accumulating evidence suggests that ESCs are heterogeneous in morphology, phenotype and function, and are thereby classified into subpopulations characterized by multiple sets of molecular biomarkers. Biomarker discovery is also important for ESC biology to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that regulate pluripotency and differentiation. This review summarizes studies of ESC biomarker discovery. “Genome‐wide” expression profiling of ESC mRNAs and proteins and direct analyses of the cell surface subproteome have demonstrated that ESCs express a diverse range of biomarkers, cell surface antigens, and signaling molecules found in different cell lineages, as well as a number of key molecules that assure “stemness”. Clearly, future quantitative proteomics approaches will enhance our knowledge of the stage‐ and lineage‐specific expression of the proteome and its temporal changes upon differentiation, and provide a more detailed view of nascent and clonally amplified ESCs.
Proteomic profiling of exosomes: Current perspectives
Authors: Simpson Richard J. , Jensen Søren S. , Lim Justin W. E. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractExosomes are 40–100 nm membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Recent studies have shown that exosomes are also found in vivo in body fluids such as blood, urine, amniotic fluid, malignant ascites, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, synovial fluid, and breast milk. While the biological function of exosomes is still unclear, they can mediate communication between cells, facilitating processes such as antigen presentation and in trans signaling to neighboring cells. Exosome‐like vesicles identified in Drosophila (referred to as argosomes) may be potential vehicles for the spread of morphogens in epithelia. The advent of current MS‐based proteomic technologies has contributed significantly to our understanding of the molecular composition of exosomes. In addition to a common set of membrane and cytosolic proteins, it is becoming increasingly apparent that exosomes harbor distinct subsets of proteins that may be linked to cell‐type associated functions. The secretion of exosomes by tumor cells and their implication in the transport and propagation of infectious cargo such as prions and retroviruses such as HIV suggest their participation in pathological situations. Interestingly, the recent observation that exosomes contain both mRNA and microRNA, which can be transferred to another cell, and be functional in that new environment, is an exciting new development in the unraveling exosome saga. The present review aims to summarize the physical properties that define exosomes as specific cell‐type secreted membrane vesicles.
A practical guide for the identification of membrane and plasma membrane proteins in human embryonic stem cells and human embryonal carcinoma cells
Authors: Dormeyer Wilma , van Hoof Dennis , Mummery Christine L. , Krijgsveld Jeroen , Heck Albert J. R. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe identification of (plasma) membrane proteins in cells can provide valuable insights into the regulation of their biological processes. Pluripotent cells such as human embryonic stem cells and embryonal carcinoma cells are capable of unlimited self‐renewal and share many of the biological mechanisms that regulate proliferation and differentiation. The comparison of their membrane proteomes will help unravel the biological principles of pluripotency, and the identification of biomarker proteins in their plasma membranes is considered a crucial step to fully exploit pluripotent cells for therapeutic purposes. For these tasks, membrane proteomics is the method of choice, but as indicated by the scarce identification of membrane and plasma membrane proteins in global proteomic surveys it is not an easy task. In this minireview, we first describe the general challenges of membrane proteomics. We then review current sample preparation steps and discuss protocols that we found particularly beneficial for the identification of large numbers of (plasma) membrane proteins in human tumour‐ and embryo‐derived stem cells. Our optimized assembled protocol led to the identification of a large number of membrane proteins. However, as the composition of cells and membranes is highly variable we still recommend adapting the sample preparation protocol for each individual system.
Production of membrane proteins using cell‐free expression systems
Authors: Schwarz Daniel , Dötsch Volker , Bernhard Frank 
Published: September 2008

AbstractProduction of membrane proteins (MPs) is a challenging task as their hydrophobic nature and their specific requirements in cellular expression systems frequently prevent an efficient synthesis. Cell‐free (CF) expression systems have been developed in recent times as promising tools by offering completely new approaches to synthesize MPs directly into artificial hydrophobic environments. A considerable variety of CF produced MPs has been characterized by functional and structural approaches and the high success rates and the rapidly accumulating data on quality and expression efficiencies increasingly attract attention. In addition, CF expression is a highly dynamic and versatile technique and new modifications for improved performance as well as for extended applications for the labeling, throughput expression and proteomic analysis of MPs are rapidly emerging.