bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lessons from the unusual impacts of an abnormal winter in the USA
Authors: Changnon Stanley A. , Changnon David 
Published: October 2005

AbstractEconomic impacts from the near record warm and snow‐free winter of 2001–2 in the United States were assessed to ascertain their dimensions and relevance to issues like climate prediction and climate change. Unusual impacts resulted and embraced numerous sectors (heating/energy use, construction, tourism, insurance, government, and retail sales). Many outcomes were gains/benefits totalling $19.6 billion, with losses of $8.2 billion. Some economists identified the sizable positive impacts as a factor in the nation's recovery from an on‐going recession stemming from the terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001. Understanding the impacts of such a winter reveals how climate predictions of such conditions could have great utility in minimising the losses and maximising the gains. The results also have relevance to the global warming issue since most climate models project future average winter temperature and snowfall conditions in the United States to be similar to those experienced in 2001–2. Copyright © 2005 Royal Meteorological Society
Identification of patients with noncancer diseases for palliative care services
Authors: GRBICH CAROL , MADDOCKS IAN , PARKER DEBORAH , BROWN MARGARET , WILLIS EILEEN , PILLER NEIL , HOFMEYER ANNE 
Published: October 2005

Objective: To identify criteria for measuring the eligibility of patients with end-stage noncancer diseases for palliative care services in Australian residential aged care facilities.Methods: No validated set if guidelines were available so five instruments were used: an adaptation of the American National Hospice Association Guidelines; a recent adaptation of the Karnofsky Performance Scale; the Modified Barthel Index; the Abbey Pain Score for assessment of people who are nonverbal and a Verbal Descriptor Scale, also for pain measurement. In addition, nutritional status and the presence of other problematic symptoms and their severity were also sought.Results: The adapted American National Hospice Association Guidelines provided an initial indicative framework and the other instruments were useful in providing confirmatory data for service eligibility and delivery.
Factors associated with difficulties encountered by nurses in the care of terminally ill cancer patients in hospitals in Japan
Authors: SASAHARA TOMOYO , MIYASHITA MITSUNORI , KAWA MASAKO , KAZUMA KEIKO 
Published: October 2005

Objective:To identify the factors associated with difficulties encountered by nurses working in general wards in hospitals in Japan.Methods:Questionnaires including items regarding difficulties in providing care to terminally ill cancer patients, the existence of a mentor regarding end-of-life issues, awareness of end-of-life issues, and demographic factors were administered to 375 staff nurses working in general in-patient wards. Multivariate regression analyses were employed to investigate correlations between factors.Results:Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the existence of a mentor for end-of-life issues was associated with fewer difficulties in all areas other than “Knowledge and skill of nurses.” Clinical experience was inversely related to difficulties in “Communication with patients and families” and “Personal issues.” Greater awareness of end-of-life issues was related to higher difficulties in most areas.Significance of results:The existence of a mentor was correlated with fewer difficulties in most areas. Support by a palliative care team might be effective in reducing difficulties experienced by nurses and in improving care for terminally ill cancer patients. Basic communication training undertaken sooner after registration might be also useful.
Social aspects of caregiving for people living with motor neurone disease: Their relationships to carer well-being
Authors: LOVE ANTHONY , STREET ANNETTE , RAY ROBIN , HARRIS ROD , LOWE ROGER 
Published: October 2005

Objective:To investigate social aspects of caregiving for people living with motor neurone disease (MND) and examine their relationships to carers' well-being.Methods:A questionnaire was developed to assess carers' perceptions of their social support network (the Caregiver Network Scale, CNS), including measures of sociodemographic status and general well-being (GHQ-12), and mailed to carers of people living with MND.Results:Seventy-five surveys were returned (response rate: 33%). In univariate analyses, relationships between well-being and carer age, time as caregiver, and four subscales of the CNS were found to be significant. However, multivariate analyses combining their effects revealed that stress on carer social networks was the best single contributor to predictions of carer well-being.Significance of results:Results indicate that prolonged caring for others living with MND has substantial costs for the carer in terms of loss of social support, which affects carer well-being and impacts ultimately on those living with MND. The CNS offers promise as a measure for screening at-risk carers; those who are distressed become candidates for professional intervention to help them cope better. Further research, providing validation of the scale for this task, is recommended.
Challenging the representations of cancer pain: Experiences of a multidisciplinary pain management group in a palliative care unit
Authors: CHAPMAN ELIZABETH , HUGHES DAVID , LANDY ANNETTE , WHALE JUDITH , SAUNDERS MARGARET 
Published: October 2005

Objective:This article describes how a Multidisciplinary Pain Management Group was set up in a palliative care unit, and outlines the ways that the group works with different patients. We place these comments in the context of the wider representations of pain.Methods:Our observations of patients seen by the multidisciplinary team.Results:We tentatively propose that where the patient's pain has certain characteristics it may require a different approach. Patients who are older, with a lengthy treatment history, may require a different input than younger patients, who may have a number of factors that further complicate their experience of pain. We use our extensive experience with mesothelioma patients to draw a further important distinction between this patient group and other patients.Significance of research:Our observations suggest the need to allow sufficient time for intensive psychological work to be done with mesothelioma patients in order for pharmacological interventions to be effective.
Justice and Democracy: Essays for Brian Barry
Authors: Stone Peter 
Published: October 2005

Justice and Democracy: Essays for Brian Barry. Edited by
Keith Dowding, Robert E. Goodin, and Carole Pateman. New York: Cambridge
University Press, 2004. 242p. $70.00 cloth, $25.99 paper.Getting academics to focus on a single topic can be a bit like herding
cats. Present them with a theoretical problem and they tend to write about
whatever they want, making only the merest nod in the direction of the
problem specified. The result is that many edited volumes ostensibly
devoted to a common theme wind up containing myriad papers that do little
to speak to either the common theme or one another.
Feminist Interpretations of Niccolo Machiavelli
Authors: Parel Anthony 
Published: October 2005

Feminist Interpretations of Niccolo Machiavelli. Edited by
Maria J. Falco. University Park: The Pennsylvania State University Press,
2004. 422p. $95.00 cloth, $39.50 paper.This volume of 14 essays makes a valuable contribution to three
related academic fields: history of feminist thought, history of political
thought in North America, and the general history of political thought. In
her Introduction, editor Maria Falco has done an excellent job of bringing
her readers up to date on the evolving state of the feminist critiques of
Machiavelli.
Leo Strauss and the Politics of American Empire
Authors: Cooper Barry 
Published: October 2005

Leo Strauss and the Politics of American Empire. By Anne
Norton. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004. 256p. $25.00 cloth, $16.00
paper.Anne Norton's book combines analysis of texts, which can be
checked, with oral history or gossip, which cannot. Norton also shares her
opinions and judgments about U.S. foreign policy. The mixed nature of the
book makes for a difficult academic review.
The Illusion of Public Opinion: Fact and Artifact in American Public
Opinion Polls
Authors: Berinsky Adam J. 
Published: October 2005

The Illusion of Public Opinion: Fact and Artifact in American
Public Opinion Polls. By George F. Bishop. Lanham, MD: Rowman &
Littlefield Publishers, 2004. 223p. $80.00 cloth, $27.95 paper.With another campaign season behind us, it is not hard to make the
case that opinion polls pervade politics. Even casual observers of
politics are inundated with polling results from media and academic
organizations. But just because surveys are ubiquitous does not mean they
are useful. In his book, George Bishop makes the provocative argument that
just about every bit of evidence that academics, journalists, and
policymakers draw from opinion polls is erroneous. This argument will be
controversial—indeed this book is clearly intended to provoke
controversy—but the force of evidence that Bishop presents demands
to be taken seriously by even the staunchest defenders of opinion
polls.
Expression vs. Equality: The Politics of Campaign Finance
Reform
Authors: Green Joanne Connor 
Published: October 2005

Expression vs. Equality: The Politics of Campaign Finance
Reform. By J. Tobin Grant and Thomas J. Rudolph. Columbus: The Ohio
State University Press, 2004. 144p. $59.95 cloth, $21.95 paper.Through a series of experiments embedded in a national survey, J.
Tobin Grant and Thomas J. Rudolph systematically examine attitudes toward
campaign finance reform in a very interesting and compelling manner. In a
thorough analysis, they examine the commitment citizens have to the
competing democratic values of political equality and political
expression, finding that opinion varies depending upon perceptions of
whose rights are being threatened. The central thesis of the research,
which is well established with a comprehensive literature review and
theoretical analysis, is that public opinion on campaign finance reform is
group-centric, a function of the views individuals have toward groups that
are thought to be affected by the proposed reform. If individuals feel
positively about a group that is seen as being threatened by the reform,
they will be negatively inclined toward the reform. Conversely, if
individuals view the group with suspicion or negativity, they will favor
the reforms. The research represents a systematic analysis of public
opinion on campaign finance reform on a nation level, examining the
factors that impact opinions and the dynamic manner in which opinions are
formed and maintained.
Distorting the Law: Politics, Media, and the Litigation Crisis
Authors: Lawrence Susan E. 
Published: October 2005

Distorting the Law: Politics, Media, and the Litigation
Crisis. By William Haltom and Michael McCann. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 2004. 332p. $55.00 cloth, $20.00 paper.If you, or anyone you know, believes that America is in the midst of a
litigation crisis, then you must read this book.
The Most Activist Supreme Court in History: The Road to Modern
Judicial Conservatism
Authors: McLauchlan William P. 
Published: October 2005

The Most Activist Supreme Court in History: The Road to Modern
Judicial Conservatism. By Thomas M. Keck. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 2004. 370p. $65.00 cloth, $24.00 paper.The title of this work presents its thesis at the macrolevel, but it
is with limited support that the author claims that the current Supreme
Court is the “most activist.” The core argument of the book is
actually presented in the last chapter in clear fashion. There, the author
explicitly refers to the Court as the O'Connor Court since he
determines that it is largely the blend of political conservatism and
judicial moderation, long displayed by Sandra Day O'Connor, that
encapsulates the modern Court. So the thesis is no more than stated as
something of a straw man at the outset. Thomas Keck “reveals”
that the political ideology (liberal/conservative) dimension of
justices is not identical to the judicial activism/restraint dimension
of their judicial perspectives. These are and always have been two
separate dimensions, even if they may not be orthogonal. It is not clear
why this is the first major point of the discussion.
Politics in Time: History, Institutions, and Social Analysis
Authors: Bensel Richard 
Published: October 2005

Politics in Time: History, Institutions, and Social Analysis.
By Paul Pierson. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004. 108p. $49.50
cloth, $19.95 paper.Paul Pierson opens his book with a fictional metaphor in which he
imagines “the trendiest new restaurant in town, charmingly named
‘The Modern Social Scientist.’” He invites you to tour
the restaurant as “the chef explains that the kitchen is divided
into two parts.” On one side, the chef proudly points out the
ingredients, called “variables.” On the other side are
lovingly arrayed an “extraordinary profusion of measuring
devices.” In order to prepare your favorite culinary delight, all
the chef need do is combine the correct ingredients, properly measured and
calibrated. In this kitchen, the length of time in which the variables are
cooked, the order in which the ingredients are combined, and the relative
skill of the chef are unimportant to the preparation of the meal. (Later
on, the book makes it clear that the specialty of this particular
establishment is something called the “multiple regression.”)
Pierson concludes this metaphor with the observation that
“[f]ew would want to patronize a restaurant with such a
philosophy of cooking, but most social scientists are working in that kind
of kitchen” (p. 1).
The Congressional Experience: Third Edition
Authors: Franklin Daniel P. 
Published: October 2005

The Congressional Experience: Third Edition. By David E.
Price. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2004. 336p. $25.00 paper.Rarely do we have an opportunity to see the intimate workings of one
of our major political institutions through the eyes of not just a
participant but a participant who is a political scientist as well. And
that is probably both the strength and weakness of the third edition of
this excellent memoir by David Price. His account of running for and
serving in Congress is often, at the same time, too in depth and too
superficial to find the right audience.
Divided Union: The Politics of War in the Early American
Republic
Authors: Robinson Donald L. 
Published: October 2005

Divided Union: The Politics of War in the Early American
Republic. By Scott A. Silverstone. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University
Press, 2004. 278p. $42.50.Is it possible, by constitutional arrangements, to reduce the
likelihood that a nation will go to war? This is the question to which
Scott Silverstone addresses this informative and carefully argued
book.
Civil Society and Political Change in Asia: Expanding and
Contracting Democratic Space
Authors: Hoston Germaine A. 
Published: October 2005

Civil Society and Political Change in Asia: Expanding and
Contracting Democratic Space. Edited by Muthiah Alagappa. Stanford:
Stanford University Press, 2004. 552p. $85.00 cloth, $34.95 paper.Muthiah Alagappa has assembled an impressive number of essays in this
volume, which is the product of two workshops in Honolulu and Phnom Penh
held in 2002. It offers contributions covering 12 countries by 14
contributors, organized by country.
Electoral Competition and Institutional Change in Mexico
Authors: Klesner Joseph L. 
Published: October 2005

Electoral Competition and Institutional Change in Mexico. By
Caroline C. Beer. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 2003. 208p.
$45.00 cloth, $20.00 paper.A growing literature argues that understanding Mexico's
protracted transition from one-party rule requires exploring the dynamics
of political competition as they emerged at the state and local levels.
Caroline Beer makes an important contribution to this approach to Mexican
democratization by examining state-level electoral competition in the
1990s and its impact on institutional development, particularly of state
legislatures, and on political recruitment, especially of gubernatorial
candidates. She argues that democratization resulted from a “complex
interplay between opposition victories in subnational elections and
important democratic advances in the national political arena” (pp.
9–10).
Interpreting British Governance
Authors: Appleton Andrew M. 
Published: October 2005

Interpreting British Governance. By Mark Bevir and R. A. W.
Rhodes. New York: Routledge, 2003. 256p. $150.00 cloth, $40.95 paper.Those tempted to pick up this volume and read a straightforward and
unambiguous analysis of British governance in the modern era should
consider the following: By the seventh page of the introductory chapter,
the authors are engaged in a discussion of the contributions of Michel
Foucault to postmodern and interpretive theory (giant, by the way), while
narry a drop of ink has been spilled about either Britain or governance.
In fact, this book will be of interest to many political scientists who
are less than interested in the substantive case, but who are engaged in
reflections about the epistemological characteristics of modern political
science and the ontological claims that it makes. Interpreting British
Governance is a fascinating entry into the debates that are raging in
our profession, and it stakes out a clear set of claims in unequivocal
terms.
The Rules of Federalism: Institutions and Regulatory Politics in the
EU and Beyond
Authors: Sellers Jefferey M. 
Published: October 2005

The Rules of Federalism: Institutions and Regulatory Politics in
the EU and Beyond. By Daniel Kelemen. Cambridge, MA: Harvard
University Press, 2004. 256p. $49.95.In this engaging, clearly written volume, Daniel Kelemen synthesizes
and elaborates a theoretical model that contributes to several
literatures. As a study of the European Union, it stands at the logical
endpoint of a growing trend toward the application of analytical tools
drawn from conventional comparative politics. As an account of
governmental institutions, the broad analytic narrative breaks new ground
in sorting out the consequences of federalism. As an analysis of public
policy, especially environmental policy, the book offers a new argument
about the institutional sources of regulatory politics.
Downsizing the State: Privatization and the Limits of Neoliberal
Reform in Mexico and Democratization Without Representation: The
Politics of Small Industry in Mexico
Authors: Beer Caroline 
Published: October 2005

Downsizing the State: Privatization and the Limits of Neoliberal
Reform in Mexico. By Dag MacLeod. University Park: The Pennsylvania
State University Press, 2004. 320p. $65.00 cloth, $29.00 paper.Democratization Without Representation: The Politics of Small
Industry in Mexico. By Kenneth C. Shadlen. University Park: The
Pennsylvania State University Press, 2004. 224p. $65.00 cloth, $27.00
paper.Mexico's dramatic shift from state-led development to
neoliberalism in the 1980s and subsequent transition to democracy in the
1990s has been the subject of extensive scholarly research. These two
well-researched and empirically rich books further our understanding of
these important processes by providing in-depth analyses of privatization
and the decline of small industry. They represent a new generation of
scholarship that presents a long-term perspective on Mexico's
political economy, beginning with the emergence of state-led development
and corporatism in the early twentieth century through to the contemporary
era of neoliberalism and multiparty democracy.
After the Collapse of Communism: Comparative Lessons of
Transitions
Authors: Kitschelt Herbert 
Published: October 2005

After the Collapse of Communism: Comparative Lessons of
Transitions. Edited by Michael McFaul and Kathryn Stoner-Weiss. New
York: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 272p. $60.00.Michael McFaul and Kathryn Stoner-Weiss's edited volume
constitutes a useful introduction to important research frontiers in the
analysis of postcommunist polities. The editors explicitly set the
contributors the task of transcending conventional (post-)Soviet Studies
and contributing to a social science analysis of formerly communist
polities. Through that lens, “legacies” of the old regimes are
important inasmuch as causal mechanisms can be spelled out that show their
continuing relevance for the dynamic reconfiguration of politics in the
region.
Studies in Public Opinion: Attitudes, Nonattitudes, Measurement
Error, and Change
Authors: Whiteley Paul 
Published: October 2005

Studies in Public Opinion: Attitudes, Nonattitudes, Measurement
Error, and Change. Edited by Willem E. Saris and Paul M. Sniderman.
Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004. 384p. $65.00 cloth, $29.95
paper.This edited volume contains a series of papers, which address a key
issue in public opinion research. The issue could not be more general or
more important. It is this question: Do members of the mass public
actually have opinions about political issues? The question has been
debated from the earliest work on public opinion, but was raised in a
particularly stark form in a seminal paper by Philip Converse published in
1964. As is well known, he suggested that most people did not have
meaningful opinions on most issues, due to the instability of their
responses across different waves of a panel survey. The contributors to
this volume are leading authorities in the field of political psychology
and public opinion research, and the papers collectively make an important
contribution to addressing this question. Paul Sniderman and John Bullock
in the concluding chapter summarize the existing research agenda on this
issue in the following terms: “The dominant themes of two
generations of research have been that citizens tend to be muddle-headed
(the lack of constraint theme), empty headed (the non-attitude theme) or
both” (pp. 337–38).
The Lesser Evil: Political Ethics in an Age of Terrorism
Authors: Morefield Jeanne 
Published: October 2005

The Lesser Evil: Political Ethics in an Age of Terrorism. By
Michael Ignatieff. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004. 160p.
$29.95 cloth, $16.95 paper.While Michael Ignatieff was no doubt motivated to write this book by
the civil and human rights abuses justified by the Patriot Act and the
treatment of prisoners at Guantanamo Bay and Abu Ghraib, the framing
question of it is decidedly more abstract: How can liberal democracies
defend themselves against terrorism without violating their most sacred
principles? The book is to be commended for the forthright way it
confronts the uncomfortable moral dilemmas posed by democracy's
encounter with terrorism, but Ignatieff is less successful in his attempt
to articulate a coherent “lesser evil” approach to these
encounters. More disconcerting, however, is the way the formal qualities
of his argument potentially silence the kind of self-reflection and
historical scrutiny that ought also to play a vital role in any democratic
state's—much less a superpower's—response to
terrorism.
The Remnants of War
Authors: Kalyvas Stathis N. 
Published: October 2005

The Remnants of War. By John Mueller. Ithaca, NY: Cornell
University Press, 2004. 272p. $29.95.Rarely does a cover convey with such accuracy a book's central
argument as in John Mueller's The Remnants of War. Shot by
Ron Haviv, maybe the most iconic photographer of the Yugoslav wars of the
1990s, the cover picture shows a Serb soldier celebrating the fall of the
town of Vukovar. The middle-aged soldier is drunk as he downs a bottle of
liquor with the town's ruins in the background. In fact, he looks
more like a homeless man in any European or American city than anything we
would associate with the modern military profession—an observation
that summarizes Mueller's four-tiered argument.