bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment in continuous culture of a new type of lymphocyte from a “burkitt‐like” malignant lymphoma (line d.g.‐75)
Authors: Ben‐bassats Hannah , Goldblum Natan , Mitrani Stella , Goldblum Tamar , Yoffey Joseph M. , Cohen Maimon M. , Bentwich Zvi , Ramot Bracha , Klein Eva , Klein George 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe isolation and establishment in vitro of a hitherto undescribed type of lymphocyte designated D.G.‐75 is reported. The original inoculum was derived from the pleural effusion of a child with a primary abdominal lymphoma, which clinically and histologically resembled Burkitt's lymphoma. In addition to the absence of the EBV genome and EBV receptors, this line possesses a number of other properties which distinguish it from previously described lymphoblastoid cell lines. It has different growth characteristics and morphology; does not form EAC or E rosettes (representative of B and T cell surface markers, respectively); possesses IgM‐kappa immunoglobulins on the cell surface (B lymphocyte), has an unusually high cap‐forming ability and low agglutinability with fluorescent concanavalin A. One homologue of the No. 14 chromosome pair possesses extra chromatin material as revealed on chromosome banding. This abnormal chromosome marker is similar to that described in biopsies and cultured tumor cells from patients with African Burkitt's lymphoma.
A modified leukocyte adherence inhibition test in the laboratory investigation of gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Rutherford J. C. , Walters B. A. J. , Cavaye G. , Halliday W. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA modification of the leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) technique has been used to test 60 hospital patients with gastrointestinal symptoms, for specific immunoreactivity against extracts of tumours of colon, pancreas and stomach. The modified technique employed mononuclear cells and soluble tumour extracts in glass test tubes, the non‐adherent cells being enumerated in an electronic counter. Laboratory tests were completed before the eventual diagnosis was known. Groups of patients with adenocarcinoma of colon or rectum (11), carcinoma of pancreas (3) and adenocarcinoma of stomach (6) were clearly distinguished from each other and from patients with non‐malignant diseases or with neoplasms of different histological type.
Transformation of cultured rat adrenocortical cells by kirsten murine sarcoma virus (ki‐msv)
Authors: Auersperg N. , Goddard E. G. , Hudson J. B. , Klement V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo‐week‐old primary cultures of normal adult rat adrenal cortex were exposed to Kirsten murine sarcoma virus (Ki‐MSV). Within a week, the adrenal cells, which are normally fusiform and aligned in parallel, became pleomorphic and piled up extensively. Saturation density increased from 5–10 × 10<4> to 5–10 × 105 cells/cm<2>, population doubling time during exponential growth decreased from 36–40 to 16 h, acid production increased and the growth rate became independent of a reduction in serum concentration from 10% to 1%. Inoculation of 2 × 106 of these transformed cells into immunodepressed rats produced rapidly growing tumors within 1 week. Histologically, the tumors were pleomorphic carcinomas with areas ranging from anaplasia to near‐normal, highly differentiated adrenocortical tissue. In addition to histologic evidence of differentiation, metabolic studies using 14C‐pregnenolone showed that the transformed cells were capable of 20α reduction and Δ5,3β dehydrogenation, both characteristic of normal steroid‐secreting tissues. The transformed adrenocortical cells produced infectious C‐type virus as indicated by electron microscopy, 3H‐uridine incorporation, and focus formation in NRK (normal rat kidney) cultures. The neutralization pattern of this virus resembled that of authentic Ki‐MSV. The transformation of adrenocortical cells by Ki‐MSV demonstrates the capacity of this agent to induce carcinomas in differentiated cells after short‐term culture, and widens the range of tissues known to be susceptible to Ki‐MSV to include a secretory epithelium of mesodermal origin.
Glycoprotéines de surface altérées des plaquettes de leucémie myéloïde chronique. Altered platelet surface glycoproteins in chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Vainer Henriette , Bussel Annette 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe present status of knowledge about the platelet membrane components suggests that glycoproteins (GP) are involved in the intercellular platelet specific reactions, such as adhesion and aggregation. Normal human platelets and platelet membranes solubilized under dissociating conditions produce characteristic polypeptide and GP electrophoretic patterns (PAGE). Platelets and isolated platelet membranes from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) presented dissimilarities of their glycoconjugates as compared to the normal platelets. The modification of the electrophoretic banding visualized by the periodic acid‐Schiff's reagent (PAS) consisted in the decrease of the 155,000 GP I, the presence of two PAS positive bands in the area of the 135,000 normal PAS positive GP II and a variable decrease of the 100,000 GP III (Apparent mol. wt. are indicated). In addition, preliminary data showed an increased catalytic transfer of the labelled galactosyl and N acetygalactosaminyl residues from exogenous nucleotide 14C‐sugar precursors onto the CML‐platelet endogenous sugar acceptors. These firstly reported data on molecular abnormalities of the platelet membrane GP in CML, suggested their possible relationship with the impaired platelet adhesion and aggregation occurring in this disease or the ability of leukemic platelets to express modified surface membrane components.
Detection of epstein‐barr virus early antigen‐d and its antibodies by passive hemagglutination
Authors: Ogburn Clifton A. , Zajac Barbara Ann 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThese data describe the use of a passive hemagglutination test (PHAT) for the detection of antibodies to the Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) associated antigen, early antigen‐D (EA‐D). EA‐D was obtained from EBV‐superinfected RPMI 64–10 cell preparations which showed by immunofluorescent staining (IF) that 25–35% of the cells contained EA‐D. Solubilization of EA‐D was achieved by sonic oscillation, treatment of the pellet‐associated material with triton X 100, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and chromatography on diethylaminoethyl celluiose. Successful use of the PHAT for detection of antibodies to EA‐D was dependent on the degree of purity of the partially purified antigen. Throughout these studies preparations from uninfected 64‐10 cells were used as control reagents. More than 100 human antisera from patients with EBV‐associated diseases, which had been previously tested by standard IF procedures were assayed by PHAT. A good correlation was found between IF and PHAT titers for EA‐D and, in addition, the PHAT was 50–100 times more sensitive. Most human sera gave no agglutination of red cells coated with control preparations. An inhibition (blocking) of PHAT was developed which was useful in the purification and characterization of EA‐D. These data indicate that the PHAT may provide a rapid, reliable, objective and sensitive method for studying EA‐D and possibly other virus‐associated antigens.
Development of a radioimmunoassay for pregnancy‐specific beta1‐globulin and its measurement in serum of patients with trophoblastic and non‐trophoblastic tumours
Authors: Tatarinov Yu.S. , Sokolov A. V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLevels of human pregnancy‐specific or trophoblast‐specific beta1‐globulin (TBG) were measured by double‐antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA) in 103 patients with trophoblastic tumours and in 114 patients with a variety of non‐trophoblastic tumours. The sensitivity of RIA for TBG was about 1 ng per ml. Twenty healthy adult females and males had levels below 1 ng per ml. Using the RIA for measurement of TBG in sera which were selected from immunodiffusion‐TBG‐negative samples, we detected elevated TBG levels in 76.7% of cases with trophoblastic tumours and in 15% of different cases with non‐trophoblastic malignancies. The diagnostic and prognostic significance of the measurement of TBG levels by RIA in patients with trophoblastic tumours is discussed.
Herpesvirus infection and cervical anaplasia—a seroepidemiological study
Authors: Choi N. W. , Shettigara P. T. , Abu‐Zeid H. A. H. , Nelson N. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a cohort of 23,146 pregnant females followed for 37–56 months subsequent to collection of prenatal sera, 57 cases of carcinoma of the cervix were encountered. Three controls were selected for each case from the residual cohort matched to cases for age, residence, number of prior cytology smears taken, and the date of entry to the study. The antibody activity to herpesvirus type 1 and type 2 was examined by the indirect hemagglutination test. The proportion of cases positive for HSV‐2 infection was greater than that of the controls; however, the difference was not significant at the 5% level. The relative risk value for the association between HSV‐2 infection and carcinoma of the cervix was found to be 2.33. The geometric mean titers of IHAT revealed that the cases of cervical cancer had a higher titer than the controls with respect to HSV‐1 as well as HSV‐2 antibodies. A sufficiently longer follow‐up, yielding a larger sample size, is desired to assess the specific role of HSV‐2 infection in the development of cervical anaplasia.
Membrane associated antigens of human malignant melanoma. III. Specificity of human sera reacting with cultured melanoma cells
Authors: Seibert Edelgard , Sor Happle C. G. R. , Macher E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera from melanoma patients, healthy donors, pregnant women and patients with types of tumors other than melanoma were tested on various melanoma lines as well as on a cultured brain tumor and adult skin fibroblasts, using a microimmune adherence test. Positive reactions against all cell lines were found in serum from each group of donors. The degree of reactivity was dependent on the cell line used. Sequential absorption with AB Rh+ and pooled platelets of more than 200 donors either reduced the titer of sera or rendered a great part of the sera negative, demonstrating that antibodies against HL‐A antigens and other tissue antigens were involved. The remaining positive sera were further absorbed with pooled cells from 6‐ to 8‐week‐old fetuses. This step abolished the reactivity of most sera, indicating the relatively high frequency of antibodies in males and females against fetal antigens expressed also on melanoma and other cells. In order to determine the specificity of the few remaining positive sera, absorptions with three different melanoma cell lines, a brain tumor and fibroblasts were carried out. The results showed only partial cross‐reactivity between different cell lines. No evidence was obtained from this study for the existence of a common cross‐reacting membrane‐associated antigen on human malignant melanoma. Antigens that could be readily detected seemed mostly to be tumor‐associated fetal antigens.
Cellular effects of combined adriamycin and x‐irradiation in human tumor cells
Authors: Byfield John E. , Lynch Maureen , Kulhanian Fimi , Chan Paul Y. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effects on cell survival in tissue culture of Adriamycin, of various Adriamycin derivatives and of the parent compound, daunomycin, have been studied. Adriamycin and three of its C‐14 derivatives show similar toxicities towards cells chronically exposed in culture. Acute (30 min) exposures are significantly less toxic than exposures to the drug throughout the period of colony formation. Daunomycin, the parent compound, is significantly more toxic than any Adriamycin compound. Both high‐dose, pulsed exposures and low‐dose, chronic exposures result in shoulders on the cell survival curves. Split‐dose experiments show little evidence for a significant acute repair of Ad damage. Ad toxicity is additive to X‐rays at high levels of cell survival and synergistic at low levels of cell survival. Both excision repair‐competent and excision‐deficient cells show sensitization to X‐irradiation when significantly cytotoxic levels of Ad are used. No evidence for an induction of Ad resistance by previous irradiation was found. Ad does not appear to inhibit the repair of sub‐lethal X‐ray damage. Since Ad produces molecular lesions similar to those induced by X‐rays it is hypothesized that both radiation “enhancement” and the recall of latent X‐ray injuries result from the induction by Ad of DNA damage similar to that occurring following X‐ray exposure. The implications of these findings with respect to clinical drug and X‐ray scheduling is discussed.
Gross‐virus‐induced lymphoma in the rat. IV. Cytotoxic cells in normal rats
Authors: Shellam Geoffrey R. , Hogg Nancy 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphoid cells from normal W/Fu rats are cytotoxic in vitro for syngeneic Gross‐virus‐induced lymphoma cells in a 4½ h 51Cr release test, and protect against tumour growth in vivo when adoptively transferred to syngeneic recipient rats. Cytotoxicity by normal lymphoid cells was greater with in vitro rather than in vivo passaged target cells, and was increased by preincubation of the lymphoid cells at 37° C for 3 h in vitro before their addition to the target cells. Cytotoxic activity, which was localized predominantly in the spleen, was absent at birth but increased until adulthood with some decline in older age. Histocompatibility at the major Ag‐B locus was not required for the killer cell—target cell interaction; normal spleen cells of many Ag‐B genotypes were cytotoxic for W/FuG‐1 target cells, although BDIX and (BDIX × W/Fu)F1 were less active and BN were inactive. The specificity of cytotoxicity was studied by the techniques of direct lysis, competitive inhibition or adsorption to cellular monolayers, using a variety of cell lines. Selectively of lysis or binding was observed and was restricted to rat target cells releasing exogenous or endogenous C‐type viruses.
Specificities in natural cell‐mediated cytotoxicity by the cross‐competition assay
Authors: Takasugi M. , Koide Y. , Akira D. , Ramseyer A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cross‐competition assay was applied to natural cell‐mediated cytotoxicity in human, mouse and rat systems. The results showed that what appeared to be non‐selective effects of natural cytotoxicity were in fact highly specific. Each effector suspension included natural effector cells (N cells) that recognized and reacted specifically with many different antigens on target cells, resulting in overall non‐selectivity. The specificity of the reaction for each target cell was demonstrated by the selective inhibition of natural cytotoxicity achieved when competitor cells sharing antigens with the target cell were added. Sharing of common target antigens was demonstrated by selective cross‐inhibition which was then used to investigate antigens on target cells.
A 51chromium isotope release assay for detecting cytotoxicity to human bladder carcinoma
Authors: O'toole Carol 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 51chromium isotope release assay is described for measuring in vitro cytotoxicity reactions against allogeneic target cells. Lymphoid cells from some patients with localized transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) were shown to selectively lyse targets derived from two long‐term cell lines of TCC. The effector cells in this reaction did not form E rosettes. Cytotoxicity was successfully recovered after cryopreservation.
Tissue antibodies in malignant and benign urogenital disease
Authors: Kurki Pekka , Linder Ewert , Miettinen Aaro , Alfthan Olof , Heikkinen Asko , Pasternack Amos 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe presence of anti‐tissue antibodies in sera from patients with genitourinary carcinomas and non‐malignant genitourinary diseases was studied by indirect immunofluorescence. An increased incidence of various tissue antibodies was observed in carcinomas of the urinary bladder, prostate and kidney when compared to controls. There was a trend towards association between anti‐nuclear antibodies and metastatic undifferentiated tumors. A low degree of malignancy was associated with antibodies against connective tissue “reticulin”. A striking similarity between tissue antibody “patterns” in carcinoma patients and patients with chronic renal inflammation was seen. This points to inflammation as being an important factor in tissue antibody production.
Lymphocyte responses to ebv‐associated antigens in infectious mononucleosis, and hodgkin's and non‐hodgkin's lymphoma patients, with the leukocyte adherence inhibition assay
Authors: Chan S. H. , Levine P. H. , Wallen W. C. , Periman P. , Perlin E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay was utilized as a test for cellular immunity to Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) antigens in 22 patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM), 47 patients with lymphoma, 101 carcinoma patients, and 84 subjects without cancer. Response to EB virion (“v”) antigen was generally present at the time of diagnosis in the IM patients but the response to EB soluble (“S”) antigen was delayed. An increased CMI response to “v” antigen was found in patients with IM, Hodgkin's disease and non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma as compared to controls with and without cancer. Patients with Hodgkin's disease had depressed responses to the EBV‐associated “S” antigen. The finding of increased LAI responses to “v” antigen in Hodgkin's disease patients with high EBV antibody titers conflicts with previous reports attributing high antibody responses against EBV to a generalized depressed cell‐mediated immunity.
Vulnerability of specific rat chromosomes to in vitro chemically induced damage
Authors: Popescu N. C. , Dipaolo J. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe treatment of rat embryo secondary cultures with DMBA or DMBA‐3H for 5,9, or 24 h resulted in chromosome damage consisting mainly of chromatid type aberrations. There was an increase in the percentage of labelled nuclei and metaphases with increasing length of exposure. In terms of incidence of chromatid lesions, the largest telocentric chromosome (No. 2) was the most susceptible of the autosomes. Banding pattern analysis demonstrated that the region associated with negative band 2q24 of the No. 2 chromosome had the highest number of lesions. An increased accumulation of DMBA‐3H label occurred in approximately the same chromatid area of a small fraction of cells exposed for either 5 or 9 h prior to mitosis. The complete loss of DMBA‐3H chromosomal labelling after DNAse treatment suggests that the visible grains represent carcinogen‐bound DNA. After DMBA and BrdUrd, there was an increase in the number of sister chromatid exchanges compared to controls treated with BrdUrd only; the location of the exchange points on chromosome No. 2 was similar in samples treated with either DMBA and BrdUrd or BrdUrd alone. Additional experiments with thymidine‐3H showed that the non‐random chromatid lesions on chromosome No. 2 may result from endogenous radiation from the incorporated tritium. These studies demonstrate that a specific chromosome may be affected by diverse agents and that chromatid lesions frequently occur at the site of sister chromatid exchanges.
Characterization of human lymphocyte subpopulations for cytotoxicity against tumor‐derived monolayer cultures
Authors: Bakæcs Tibor , Gergely Peter , Cornain Santoso , Klein Eva 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphocyte fractions of three healthy donors were tested for cytotoxicity in a 48‐h assay on several tumor‐derived lines. Analysis of surface markers indicated that a non‐T non‐B fraction comprising about 50% Fc‐receptor‐positive cells was most potent. The cell yield in this fraction was on the average 6.5% of the non‐fractionated population. Elimination of SIg positive cells did not influence the cytotoxic potential. Pure T cells isolated with E‐rosetting subsequent to passage on nylon wool column had no or very low cytotoxicity. We had indications that cells without conventional markers —“null” cells—were also cytotoxic.
Hla in familial hodgkin's disease. Results and a new hypothesis
Authors: Marshall William H. , Barnard John M. , Buehler Sharon K. , Crumley Joyce , Larsen Bodil 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA familial aggregate of seven cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD) has been investigated by HLA typing. Over 600 people in the immediate population (i.e. about half) have been HLA typed and haplotypes have been obtained for 95% of them. It was expected that the cases would share a particular HLA haplo‐type or at least that they would have one or two HLA antigens of the same series in common. However, this was not the case so no simple idea of association of HLA with HD cases was upheld. When antigen frequencies were examined in the whole population it was found that HLA B18 increased progressively in incidence from 0.08 to 0.4 in successive groups of individuals each one more closely related to the HD cases. Similarly the community with the highest incidence of HD also had the highest incidence of B18. Thus B18, which in the world figures carries the highest relative risk, emerged as important in this study. Of four proposed interpretations of the data, we are most interested in the idea that the important HLA association is at a population level rather than at the level of the individual patient. A hypothesis, based on the concept of a “healthy carrier” for the HD agent, explains how such an association might operate. It is possible that B18‐linked complement deficiency could be the basis for such a carrier state.
The macrophage electrophoretic mobility test: Results on carcinoma of the colon and rectum
Authors: Glaves Dorothy , Harlos James P. , Weiss Leonard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe macrophage electrophoretic mobility (MEM) test was performed on guinea‐pig macrophages treated with the interaction products of encephalitogenic protein and peripheral lymphocytes from 44 patients with colorectal cancer and 33 “healthy” controls. In 54/60 tests involving patients, statistically significant reductions in electrophoretic mobilities were observed, compared with 12/33 in controls. Our overall results on the reductions in macrophage mobilities by lymphocyte products are in accord with the work of some other workers, but not all. In contrast to many other studies, the standard procedures used here to express the results should permit an exchange of data on an international basis and allow a more rapid, general appraisal of the MEM test.
Characterization of human cells transformed in vitro by n‐methyl‐n'‐nitro‐n‐nitrosoguanidine
Authors: Rhim Johng S. , Putman Donald L. , Arnstein Paul , Huebner Robert J. , McAllister Robert M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman osteosarcoma (HOS) clonal cells transformed in vitro by N‐methyl‐N'‐nitro‐N‐nitroso‐guanidine (MNNG) were characterized, and compared to non‐producer HOS cells transformed by Kirsten murine sarcoma virus (Ki‐MSV). The MNNG‐ and virus‐transformed cells grew in the aggregate form above an agar base, grew in soft agar, and had a high fibrinolytic activity. When inoculated into nude mice, all the chemically or virally altered cells produced tumors or tumor nodules. When transplanted into ATS‐treated hamsters, the cells transformed by MNNG (0.01 μg/ml) and Ki‐MSV produced tumors but MNNG (0.1 μg/ml) transformed cells did not produce tumors. The control HOS cells did not grow in the aggregate form but formed colonies in soft agar, and had low fibrinolytic activity and no capacity to form tumors in nude mice and ATS‐treated hamsters. However, one of the control clonal lines had a high level of fibrinolytic activity. Cellular aggregation properties of human transformed cells did appear to correlate with tumorigenicity in nude mice.