bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronary microvascular dysfunction assessment: A comparative analysis of procedural aspects
Authors: Merdler Ilan , Wallace Ryan , Banerjee Avantika , Medranda Giorgio A. , Reddy Pavan , Cellamare Matteo , Zhang Cheng , Ozturk Sevket Tolga , Sawant Vaishnavi , Lopez Kassandra , Ben‐Dor Itsik , Waksman Ron , Case Brian C. , Hashim Hayder D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundFull adoption of coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) assessment faces challenges due to its invasive nature and concerns about prolonged procedure time and increased contrast and/or radiation exposure. We compared procedural aspects of CMD invasive assessment to diagnostic left heart catheterization (DLHC) in patients with chest pain who were not found to have obstructive coronary artery disease.MethodsA total of 227 patients in the Coronary Microvascular Disease Registry were compared to 1592 patients who underwent DLHC from August 2021 to November 2023. The two cohorts were compared using propensity‐score matching; primary outcomes were fluoroscopy time and total contrast use.ResultsThe participants' mean age was 64.1 ± 12.6 years. CMD‐assessed patients were more likely to be female (66.5% vs. 45.2%, p < 0.001) and have hypertension (80.2% vs. 44.5%, p < 0.001), history of stroke (11.9% vs. 6.3%, p = 0.002), and history of myocardial infarction (20.3% vs. 7.7%, p < 0.001). CMD assessment was safe, without any reported adverse outcomes. A propensity‐matched analysis showed that patients who underwent CMD assessment had slightly higher median contrast exposure (50 vs. 40 mL, p < 0.001), and slightly longer fluoroscopy time (6.9 vs. 4.7 min, p < 0.001). However, there was no difference in radiation dose (209.3 vs. 219 mGy, p = 0.58) and overall procedure time (31 vs. 29 min, p = 0.37).ConclusionCompared to DLHC, CMD assessment is safe and requires only slightly additional contrast use (10 mL) and slightly longer fluoroscopy time (2 min) without clinical implications. These findings emphasize the favorable safety and feasibility of invasive CMD assessment.
Astropharmazie und ‐toxikologie in der Raumfahrt
Authors: Strey Karsten 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Geschichte der Raumfahrt ist bisher kürzer als eine durchschnittliche Lebensspanne. Seit 1961 sind erst etwa 600 Menschen jemals im Orbit gewesen. Die extremen Verhältnisse des Weltalls erweitern alle uns auf der Erde bekannten Wissenschaften um eine neue astronomische Dimension und erfordern für einen dauernden Aufenthalt viele Schutzmaßnahmen und Anpassungen. Es ist absehbar, dass die Fortschritte der bemannten Raumfahrt, insbesondere künftige neue Mondmissionen oder gar Flüge zum Mars in den nächsten Jahrzehnten große Impulse auf dem Gebiet der Astropharmazie und Astrotoxikologie bringen werden.
Dynamically Securing the Data by 1O2 Sensitization of Fluorescent Composites with a High Latency and Uncrackable Features
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Chen Jiamao , Wu Huacan , Liu Yifan , Wang Donghui , Huang Weiguo 
Published: March 2024

Comprehensive SummaryDynamic fluorescent materials play a crucial role in secure inks for data encryption; however, they are still plagued by issues such as photodegradation, poor latency, and susceptibility to unauthorized access. Herein, we propose a photochemically modulated dynamic fluorescent encryption system based on 1O2 sensitization of fluorescent composites, comprising a 1O2‐sensitive fluorophore (F2) and non‐emissive polymers. After UV irradiation, in‐situ generated 1O2 from the polymer effectively binds with F2 to form endoperoxides (F2EPO), resulting in a significant redshift in emission, up to 150 nm. The 1O2 concentration is closely related to the irradiation time, rendering different fluorescent colors in a time‐gated fashion. Moreover, the emission of F2EPO can be regulated by polymer chemical structure, molecular weight, and crosslinking density. Relying on these merits, we develop a dynamic data encryption method with various non‐emissive polymers as the data storage media, UV light irradiation as the data encoder, and F2 as the data decoder. UV light irradiation of diverse polymer solutions generates 1O2 at different concentrations, effectively encoding the data, which remains invisible under both UV and natural lights. The addition of F2 to these irradiated polymer solutions produces different redshifted fluorescence, enabling secure data decryption. Attributing to the non‐emissive nature of the polymers, time‐gated readout fashion, excellent latency of 1O2, and subtle interactions between 1O2 and F2, this data encryption is nearly undecipherable. This work offers an advantage data encryption approach beyond the reach of conventional fluorophores.
Vanadyl Sulfate Based Hole‐Transporting Layer Enables Efficient Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Li Mengdi , Sun Yuqing , Cheng Yang , Zhao Chaowei , Zhang Jicai , Li Weiwei 
Published: March 2024

Comprehensive SummaryIt remains an urgent task to develop alternative hole‐transporting layer (HTL) materials beyond commonly used PEDOT:PSS to increase the shelf‐life of organic solar cells (OSCs). Inorganic metal oxide type materials, such as NiOx, CoOx and VOx, with suitable work functions have attracted numerous research attention recently. In this work, more abundant and easily accessible oxygenated salt, vanadyl sulfate (VOSO4) has been demonstrated to be excellent choice as HTL for OSCs. The VOSO4‐based HTL can be readily processed by spin‐coating from the precursor solution with subsequent thermal annealing and UVO treatment. As a consequence, a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.72% can be achieved for PM8:L8‐BO based OSCs with the VOSO4‐based HTL. High transmittance, smooth film surface, suitable energy level and high conductivity were revealed to contribute to the high OSC performance. More importantly, compared to device with PEDOT:PSS, VOSO4‐based OSCs exhibit improved stability when stored in the N2 filled glove box. After being stored for 600 h, VOSO4‐based device can retain 89% of its initial efficiency. Notably, VOSO4 can be used as general HTL in PM6:BTP‐BO‐4Cl and PM6:IT‐4F based OSCs, yielding high PCEs of 17.87% and 13.85%, respectively.
Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition potentiates chemotherapeutics‐mediated sensitization of metastatic breast cancer stem cells
Authors: Kar Trisha , Dugam Prachi , Shivhare Surbhi , Shetty Swathi R. , Choudhury Subholakshmi , Sen Debanjan , Deb Barnali , Majumdar Swapan , Debnath Sudhan , Das Amitava 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundMetastasis has been a cause of the poor prognosis and cancer relapse of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. The metastatic nature of TNBC is contributed by the breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) which have been implicated in tumorigenesis. Higher expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in breast CSCs has been used as a molecular target for breast cancer therapeutics. Thus, it necessitates the design and generation of efficacious EGFR inhibitors to target the downstream signaling associated with the cellular proliferation and tumorigenesis of breast cancer.AimTo generate efficacious EGFR inhibitors that can potentiate the chemotherapeutic‐mediated mitigation of breast cancer tumorigenesis.Methods and ResultsWe identified small molecule EGFR inhibitors using molecular docking studies. In‐vitro screening of the compounds was undertaken to identify the cytotoxicity profile of the small‐molecule EGFR inhibitors followed by evaluation of the non‐cytotoxic compounds in modulating the doxorubicin‐induced migration, in‐vitro tumorigenesis potential, and their effect on the pro‐apoptotic genes' and protein markers' expression in TNBC cells. Compound 1e potentiated the doxorubicin‐mediated inhibitory effect on proliferation, migration, in‐vitro tumorigenesis capacity, and induction of apoptosis in MDA‐MB‐231 cells, and in the sorted CD24+‐breast cancer cells and CD24−/CD44+‐breast CSC populations. Orthotopic xenotransplantation of the breast CSCs‐induced tumors in C57BL/6J mice was significantly inhibited by the low dose of Doxorubicin in the presence of compound 1e as depicted by molecular and immunohistochemical analysis.ConclusionThus, the study suggests that EGFR inhibition‐mediated sensitization of the aggressive and metastatic breast CSCs in TNBCs toward chemotherapeutics may reduce the relapse of the disease.
Effect of a quasi‐aperiodic substrate on diffusion in a strongly coupled quasi‐one‐dimensional system
Authors: Bekda Ahmed , Djebli Mourad 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the diffusion of charged particles interacting through a Yukawa potential. Confined by a parabolic potential along the y‐axis, the particles experience an aperiodic substrate potential along the x‐axis. To analyze their diffusion behavior, we employ molecular dynamics simulations based on the Langevin equation. We primarily focus on the influence of particle density, system temperature, particle charge, and the aperiodicity parameter () of the quasi‐aperiodic substrate on the system's diffusion characteristics. By adjusting for various system parameters, we can manipulate diffusion and observe diverse diffusion modes. Our findings reveal that the aperiodicity's effect becomes pronounced at lower densities and smaller values, leading to faster diffusion compared with the periodic case. However, over longer timescales, the system transitions to normal diffusion regardless of the specific parameters.
Cytomorphology of monomorphic spindle epithelial tumor with thymus‐like elements: A case with local recurrence after subtotal resection
Authors: Arshia Asma , Balikani Lame , Booth Christine N. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSpindle epithelial tumor with thymus‐like elements (SETTLE) is a rare biphasic thyroid tumor with low malignant potential that has a distinct morphology. Despite fine needle aspiration (FNA) being a common method for evaluating thyroid nodules and lymph nodes, there are limited cytologic descriptions of SETTLE in the literature due to its rarity. As a result, SETTLE is frequently underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed as medullary carcinoma, thymoma, teratoma, synovial sarcoma, or solitary fibrous tumor, among others. We present a case of a 28‐year‐old man with a history of a hemithyroidectomy diagnosed as SETTLE found to have a neck nodule along the strap muscle suspicious for recurrence 5 years post‐surgery. The ultrasound‐guided FNA cytology specimen of the neck nodule showed loosely cohesive, monomorphous ovoid to spindled cells with scant cytoplasm and nuclei with fine to granular chromatin. In addition, there were occasional clusters of cells with a papillary configuration. The tumor cells were associated with magenta, amorphous extracellular material. Immunocytochemical staining of the cell block material revealed that tumor cells were positive for p63, cytokeratin AE1/3, and CK8/18 and negative for TTF‐1 and thyroglobulin. Overall, the morphological and immunocytochemical findings were consistent with a local recurrence of SETTLE. The subsequent left anterior strap mass excision revealed a 4 cm encapsulated tumor consistent with SETTLE. Because ofits rarity and low level of awareness, SETTLE poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We herein present the cytologic findings of monomorphic SETTLE and highlight the potential cytomorphologic and immunophenotypic pitfalls. We also highlight how tumors with high‐risk features can be a therapeutic challenge.
Fractional excretion of urea nitrogen can identify true worsening renal function in patients with heart failure
Authors: Watanabe Yukihiro , Kubota Yoshiaki , Nishino Takuya , Tara Shuhei , Kato Katsuhito , Hayashi Daisuke , Matsuda Junya , Miyachi Hideki , Tokita Yukichi , Iwasaki Yu‐ki , Asai Kuniya 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsFractional excretion of urea nitrogen (FEUN), used to differentiate the cause of acute kidney injury, has emerged as a useful fluid index in patients with heart failure (HF). We hypothesized that FEUN could be useful in identifying worsening renal function (WRF) associated with poor outcomes in patients with acute HF (AHF).Methods and resultsOverall, 1103 patients with AHF (median age, 78 years; male proportion, 60%) were categorized into six groups according to the presence of WRF and FEUN values (low, ≤32.1%; medium, >32.1% and ≤38.0%; and high, >38.0%) at discharge. WRF was defined as an increase of ≥0.3 mg/dL in the serum creatinine level from admission to discharge. FEUN was calculated by the following formula: (urinary urea × serum creatinine) × 100/(serum urea × urinary creatinine). The cut‐off values for low, medium, and high FEUN were based on a previous study. The primary outcome of this study was HF readmission after hospital discharge. During the 1 year follow‐up, 170 HF readmissions occurred. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed significantly higher HF readmission rates in patients with WRF than in those without WRF (log‐rank test, P < 0.001). Additionally, among patients with WRF, HF readmission rates were lowest in those with medium FEUN values, followed by those with low FEUN values and those with high FEUN values. On multivariable analysis, the presence of WRF with low or high FEUN values was independently associated with increased HF readmission, as compared with the absence of WRF with medium FEUN values. Notably, no association was noted between WRF with medium FEUN values and HF readmission.ConclusionsThe prognostic impact of WRF was significantly mediated by the FEUN values and was associated with worse outcomes only when the FEUN values were either low or high. Our study suggests that FEUN can identify prognostically relevant WRF in patients with AHF.
Synthesis of a Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane‐Containing Aromatic Lipoxin B4 Analogue and Heteroaromatic Congeners
Authors: Owen Benjamin , Guiry Patrick J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLipoxins are pro‐resolving mediators that play an important role in the resolution phase of the innate inflammatory response. However, because of their chemical and metabolic instability, the design of more stable synthetic analogues of lipoxin A4 and lipoxin B4 is an ongoing area of study. Herein we report the asymmetric synthesis of an aromatic lipoxin B4 analogue containing a conformationally rigid and potentially more metabolically resistant bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) ring incorporated into the upper alkyl chain. This was achieved by the development of a 9‐step chiral‐pool synthesis of a novel BCP‐containing boronic ester coupling partner which could serve as a common precursor to the target analogue as well as other analogues with further modifications to the aromatic core.
Incorporation of spray‐dried encapsulated bioactive peptides from coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) meal by‐product in bread formulation
Authors: Sarabandi Khashayar , Dashipour Alireaza , Akbarbaglu Zahra , Peighambardoust Seyed Hadi , Ayaseh Ali , Kafil Hossein Samadi , Jafari Seid Mahdi , Mousavi Khaneghah Amin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to stabilize and mask the bitterness of peptides obtained from the enzymatic hydrolysis of coconut‐meal protein with maltodextrin (MD) and maltodextrin‐pectin (MD‐P) as carriers via spray‐drying. Essential (~35%), hydrophobic (~32%), antioxidant (~15%), and bitter (~45%) amino acids comprised a significant fraction of the peptide composition (with a degree of hydrolysis of 33%). The results indicated that the peptide's production efficiency, physical and functional properties, and hygroscopicity improved after spray‐drying. Morphological features of free peptides (fragile and porous structures), spray‐dried with MD (wrinkled with indented structures), and MD‐P combination (relatively spherical particles with smooth surfaces) were influenced by the process type and feed composition. Adding free and microencapsulated peptides to the bread formula (2% W/W) caused changes in moisture content (35%–43%), water activity (0.89–0.94), textural properties (1–1.6 N), specific volume (5.5–6 cm3/g), porosity (18%–27%), and color indices of the fortified product. MD‐P encapsulated peptides in bread fortification resulted in thermal stability and increased antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS+ radical scavenging: 4.5%–39.4% and 31.6%–46.8%, respectively). MD‐P (as a carrier) could maintain sensory characteristics and mask the bitterness of peptides in the fortified bread. The results of this research can be used to produce functional food and diet formulations.
Brain reserve affects the expression of cognitive reserve networks
Authors: Coors Annabell , Lee Seonjoo , Gazes Yunglin , Gacheru Margaret , Habeck Christian , Stern Yaakov 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCognitive reserve (CR) explains differential susceptibility of cognitive performance to neuropathology. However, as brain pathologies progress, cognitive decline occurs even in individuals with initially high CR. The interplay between the structural brain health (= level of brain reserve) and CR‐related brain networks therefore requires further research. Our sample included 142 individuals aged 60–70 years. National Adult Reading Test intelligence quotient (NART‐IQ) was our CR proxy. On an in‐scanner Letter Sternberg task, we used ordinal trend (OrT) analysis to extract a task‐related brain activation pattern (OrT slope) for each participant that captures increased expression with task load (one, three, and six letters). We assessed whether OrT slope represents a neural mechanism underlying CR by associating it with task performance and NART‐IQ. Additionally, we investigated how the following brain reserve measures affect the association between NART‐IQ and OrT slope: mean cortical thickness, total gray matter volume, and brain volumes proximal to the areas contained in the OrT patterns. We found that higher OrT slope was associated with better task performance and higher NART‐IQ. Further, the brain reserve measures were not directly associated with OrT slope, but they affected the relationship between NART‐IQ and OrT slope: NART‐IQ was associated with OrT slope only in individuals with high brain reserve. The degree of brain reserve has an impact on how (and perhaps whether) CR can be implemented in brain networks in older individuals.
Diffusion MRI harmonization via personalized template mapping
Authors: Xia Yihao , Shi Yonggang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOne fundamental challenge in diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) harmonization is to disentangle the contributions of scanner‐related effects from the variable brain anatomy for the observed imaging signals. Conventional harmonization methods rely on establishing an atlas space to resolve anatomical variability and generate a unified inter‐site mapping function. However, this approach is limited in accounting for the misalignment of neuroanatomy that still widely persists even after registration, especially in regions close to cortical boundaries. To overcome this challenge, we propose a personalized framework in this paper to more effectively address the confounding from the misalignment of neuroanatomy in dMRI harmonization. Instead of using a common template representing site‐effects for all subjects, the main novelty of our method is the adaptive computation of personalized templates for both source and target scanning sites to estimate the inter‐site mapping function. We integrate our method with the rotation invariant spherical harmonics (RISH) features to achieve the harmonization of dMRI signals between sites. In our experiments, the proposed approach is applied to harmonize the dMRI data acquired from two scanning platforms: Siemens Prisma and GE MR750 from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development dataset and compared with a state‐of‐the‐art method based on RISH features. Our results indicate that the proposed harmonization framework achieves superior performance not only in reducing inter‐site variations due to scanner differences but also in preserving sex‐related biological variability in original cohorts. Moreover, we assess the impact of harmonization on the estimation of fiber orientation distributions and show the robustness of the personalized harmonization procedure in preserving the fiber orientation of original dMRI signals.
Structural brain networks correlating with poststroke cognition
Authors: Brownsett Sonia L. E. , Carey Leeanne M. , Copland David , Walsh Alistair , Sihvonen Aleksi J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCognitive deficits are a common and debilitating consequence of stroke, yet our understanding of the structural neurobiological biomarkers predicting recovery of cognition after stroke remains limited. In this longitudinal observational study, we set out to investigate the effect of both focal lesions and structural connectivity on poststroke cognition. Sixty‐two patients with stroke underwent advanced brain imaging and cognitive assessment, utilizing the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE), at 3‐month and 12‐month poststroke. We first evaluated the relationship between lesions and cognition at 3 months using voxel‐based lesion‐symptom mapping. Next, a novel correlational tractography approach, using multi‐shell diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data collected at both time points, was used to evaluate the relationship between the white matter connectome and cognition cross‐sectionally at 3 months, and longitudinally (12 minus 3 months). Lesion‐symptom mapping did not yield significant findings. In turn, correlational tractography analyses revealed positive associations between both MoCA and MMSE scores and bilateral cingulum and the corpus callosum, both cross‐sectionally at the 3‐month stage, and longitudinally. These results demonstrate that rather than focal neural structures, a consistent structural connectome underpins the performance of two frequently used cognitive screening tools, the MoCA and the MMSE, in people after stroke. This finding should encourage clinicians and researchers to not only suspect cognitive decline when lesions affect these tracts, but also to refine their investigation of novel approaches to differentially diagnosing pathology associated with cognitive decline, regardless of the aetiology.