bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OXYGEN TENSION IN THE CEREBRAL CORTEX OF DOGS IN HAEMORRHAGIC SHOCK AND ITS CHANGES AFTER OXYGEN THERAPY
Authors: Vránová Z. , Keszler H. , Vrána M. 
Published: December 2008

SUMMARYTissue oxygen tension in the cerebral cortex diminishes in experimental shock in dogs. This is probably due to diminished local blood flow since PaO2 either remains unchanged or shows a slight increase. It is likely that the decrease in local flow is in part due to changes in PaC02 because a fall in arterial CO2 tension is frequently observed.TThe inhalation of pure oxygen always results in increased tissue 02 tension in the cerebral cortex of shocked animals.It may therefore be concluded that 02 therapy is probably useful in shock, at any rate from the point of view of improving the oxygen supply to the brain.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGIm experimentellen Schock bei Hunden kommt es zu einer Abnahme der Gewebssauerstoffspannung in der Hirnrinde. Dies ist wahrscheinlich durch die verminderte lokale Durchblutung bedingt, da der arterielle Sauerstoffdruck entweder unverändert bleibt oder sogar leicht ansteigt. Es ist anzunehmen, dass die Abnahme der lokalen Durchblutung teilweise auf PaCO2 Veränderungen beruht, da ein Abfall der arteriellen Kohlensäurespannung häufig beobachtet wird.Die Inhalation von reinem Sauerstoff führt bei den Schocktieren immer zu einer erhöhten Gewebssauerstoffspannung in der Hirnrinde.Man kann deshalb den Schluss ziehen, dass zumindest von Gesichtspunkt einer Verbesserung der Sauerstoffversorgung des Gehirns die Sauerstofftherapie beim Schock niitzlich ist.
The Chemical Basis for the Intolerance of the Brain to Anoxia
Authors: Reichelt K. L. 
Published: December 2008

SUMMARYNervous tissue depends on oxygen consumption because the anaerobic formation of energy‐rich intermediates is insufficient for obligatory metabolic needs. The enzyme activities, and therefore the metabolic pathways, are unable to be adjusted to anoxia with sufficient rapidity. The effects of anoxia are probably more pronounced in certain cells or brain structures than in others. Overall chemical changes of the brain will therefore not necessarily disclose the crucial lesion in localized anoxia.
The Effect of Regional Sympathetic Blocks in the Treatment of Herpes Zoster: A Survey of 300 Cases
Authors: Colding August 
Published: December 2008

SUMMARYIn our experience, regional sympathetic blocks is a therapy that ought to be resumed as it seems to be very efficient in the treatment of pain due to acute, idiopathic zoster.In addition, this therapy apparently prevents the lesion from progressing into the postherpetic syndrome.However, if favourable results are to be obtained, it is absolutely necessary that the patients are treated in a very early stage of the disease.In the treatment of the postherpetic syndrome, sympathetic blocks seem to be without any effect.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGUnserer Erfahrung nach sollten regionale Sympathikusblockaden wegen ihrer guten Wirksamkeit in der Schmerzbehandlung beim akuten ideopathischen Zoster wieder eingeführt werden.Überdies verhindert diese Behandlungsmethode anscheinend auch das Fortschreiten der Laesion in ein postherpetisches Syndrom.Allerdings ist es absolut notwendig, daβ die Patienten in einem sehr frühen Stadium der Erkrankung zu behandeln begonnen werden, wenn man günstige Resultate erzielen will.Zur Behandlung des postherpetischen Syndroms sind Sympathikusblockaden anscheinend wirkungslos.
Clinical Experience of Disinfection of the Engstrom Respirator by Ultrasonic Nebulized Ethyl Alcohol
Authors: Gullers K. , Malmborg A.‐S. , Nyström B. , Norlander O. , Peterson N. 
Published: December 2008

SUMMARYA method of disinfecting the Engström respirator by means of ultrasonic nebulized ethyl alcohol, by the method of Peterson and Rosdahl, was tested in clinical practice. HNE nebulizers with oscillating frequencies were used. The disinfection procedure was carried out by regular members of the ward staff. The results were controlled bacteriologically. Satisfactory disinfection was obtained with two nebulizers in the system and a disinfection time of two hours.The standard humidifying unit of the Engström respirator was filled with a sterile solution of chlorhexidine 0.1% in water. No growth of vegetative micro‐organisms occurred in the standard humidifying unit with this method, and no toxic reactions were observed in the patients.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEine von Peterson und Rosdahl beschriebene Desinfektionsmethode für den Engström‐Respirator mittels, durch Ultraschall vernebelten, Äthylalkohol wurde in der klinischen Praxis erprobt. HNE‐Vernebler mit oszillierenden Frequenzen wurden dabei verwendet. Die Desinfektionsprozeduren wurden vom ständigen Stationspersonal durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse wurden bakterio‐logisch kontrolliert. Zufriedenstellende Desinfektion wurde erzielt, wenn zwei Vernebler im System eingeschaltet waren und wenn die Desinfektionszeit zwei Stunden betrug.Die Standard‐Befeuchter‐Einheit des Engström‐Respirators wurde mit einer sterilen Lösung von 0,1% Chlorhexidin in Wasser gefüllt. Bei dieser Methode kam kein vegetativer Mikroorganismen zustande, und bei den Patienten wurde keine toxischen Reaktionen beobachtet.
COMPARISON OF PHYSICAL WORK CAPACITY IN RATS FOLLOWING SEVERE HAEMODILUTION WITH COLLOID AND CRYSTALLOID SOLUTIONS
Authors: Elb S. , Arturson G. 
Published: December 2008

SUMMARYNon‐anaesthetized rats were severely haemodiluted by bleeding through a polyediylene tube placed in the right atrium and immediate replacement with colloid and crystalloid solutions. The survival rate, the physical work capacity and the ability of the rats to increase the heart rate in response to induced work were then investigated. The results show that colloids are superior to crystalloid solutions in all respects studied, probably due to better oxygentransport capacity caused by higher cardiac output. Equally good results were obtained with pooled rat plasma and dextran 70, 6% in 0.9% NaCl. The results suggest that blood loss without increased capillary permeability in the acute phase may be best substituted with colloids. In protracted blood loss and in combination with increased capillary permeability colloids combined with crystalloid solutions may be the therapeutic choice.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGNichtnarkosierte Ratten wurden durch Blutabnahmen und sofortige Volumsauffüllung mit kolloidalen oder kristallinen Lösungen über einen in den rechten Vorhof eingelegten Polyaethylenkatheter einer schweren Haemodilution unterzogen. Sodann wurden die Überlebensquote, die körperliche Arbeitskapazität und die Fähigkeit der Tiere, die Herzfrequenz in Beantwortung der ihnen aufgezwungenen Arbeit zu erhöhen, festgestellt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Kolloide den Kristallösungen in jeder Hinsicht überlegen sind, wahrscheinlich zufolge der besseren Sauerstofftransportkapazität, bedingt durch das höhere Herzzeitvolumen. Ebensogute Ergebnisse wurden mit gesammelten Rattenplasma und mit 6%igem Dextran 70 in 0,9%iger Kochsalzlösung erzielt. Die Resultate deuten darauf hin, dass Blutverluste ohne erhöhte Kapillarpermeabilität in der akuten Phase am besten mittels Kolloidlösungen ausgeglichen werden können. Bei protrahiertem Blutverlust und in Verbindung mit erhöhter Kapillarpermeabilität könnten Kolloide kombiniert mit kristallinen Lösungen die Therapie der Wahl sein.
CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS OF BETA‐RECEPTOR BLOCKING DRUGS DURING HALOTHANE ANAESTHESIA IN MAN
Authors: Jorfeldt Lennart , Löfström Bertil , Möller Jan , Rosén Anders 
Published: December 2008

SUMMARYFifteen patients anaesthetized with halothane were given a beta‐adrenergic receptor blocking substance intravenously, either propranolol or l‐alprenolol.The drugs usually induced an insignificant drop in blood pressure, a slight bradycardia, and a small reduction in cardiac output in patients not subjected to concomitant surgery. In one patient, the reaction was more pronounced. The immediate administration of atropine seemed to restore the circulatory state.Nine patients were subjected to surgery during the administration of the beta‐blocking agents. Pronounced hypotension resulted in seven of them. This effect was observed both after propranolol and l‐alprenolol. Again, atropine reversed the hypotension.These observations suggest that the administration of beta‐adrenergic receptor blocking agents during anaesthesia should be limited by very strict indications, and be used under carefully controlled conditions.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG15 mit Halothan narkotisierte Patienten erhielten i.v. einen Beta‐Rezep‐torenblocker, und zwar entweder Propanolol oder 1‐Alprenolol.Diese Mittel fiihrten in der Regel zu einem nicht‐signifikanten Blutdruck‐abfall, zu einer geringgradigen Bradykardie und einer leichten Verminderung des Herzminutenvolumens bei Patienten, die nicht gleichzeitig operiert wurden. Bei einem Patienten war die Reaktion dramatischer. Die sofortige Gabe von Atropin schien den Kreislaufzustand wieder zu normalisieren.Neun Patienten erhielten Betablocker wahrend einer Operation. Bei sieben von ihnen kam es zu ausgepragten Blutdruckabfall. Diese Wirkung wurde sowohl nach Propranolol als auch nach 1‐Alprenolol beobachtet.Diese Beobachtungen geben Grund zur Empfehlung, Betarezeptoren‐blocker wahrend der Narkose nur bei strengster Indikation zu verabreichen und sie nur unter sorgfaltig kontrollierten Bedingungen anzuwenden.
EFFECTS OF PROPANIDID (EPONTOL®) AND METHOHEXITAL (BRIETAL®) ON THE CONTRACTILE FORCE OF THE ISOLATED GUINEA‐PIG HEART
Authors: Åström A. , Bernhoff A. , Persson N.‐Å. 
Published: December 2008

SUMMARY

Propanidid (Epontol®), like methohexital (Brietal®), has a direct, cardio‐depressant action on the isolated heart. The negative chronotropic and inotropic actions of propanidid are about 0.6 times that of methohexital (whereas the anaesthetic potency of propanidid is about one third of that of methohexital).
The Walton‐Brodie strain‐gauge arch technique for recording changes in the myocardial contractile force was compared with an intraventricular balloon technique. It was concluded that the two techniques give identical results, but that the balloon technique for the isolated heart has many practical advantages.

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Propanidid (Epontol®) und Methohexital (Brietal®) haben eine direkte cardiodepressive Wirkung auf das isolierte Herz. Die negativ chronotropen und inotropen Wirkungen des Propanidid sind etwa 0,6 mal so stark wie die des Methohexital (wobei zu beachten ist, dass Methohexital eine 3 mal starkere anaesthetische Wirkung hat als Propanidid).
Die Walton‐Brodie Dehnstreifengebertechnik zur Registrierung von Ver‐anderungen der Kontraktionskraft des Herzmuskels wurde mit einer intraven‐tricularen Ballontechnik verglichen. Es zeigte sich, dass beide Methoden iden‐tische Resultate ergeben, die Ballontechnik jedoch am isolierten Herzen viele praktische Vorteile hat.
PLASMA LIDOCAINE LEVELS IN PATIENTS TREATED WITH POTENTIAL INDUCERS OF MICROSOMAL ENZYMES
Authors: Heinonen Jussi , Takki Seppo , Jarho Leo 
Published: December 2008

SUMMARYPlasma lidocaine levels were studied in epileptics and control subjects after slow intravenous injection of 2 mg/kg. Two experiments were made on the epileptics: one when they were on their usual antiepileptic and/or sedative drugs and the other after phenobarbital treatment of 4 weeks' duration. The plasma lidocaine levels were somewhat lower in the epileptics than in the control subjects at 30 and 60 minutes after starting the lidocaine injection, and the differences were statistically significant. Phenobarbital treatment did not cause further lowering in the plasma lidocaine levels of the epileptics. It is concluded that patients who have taken phenobarbital or some other potential inducers of the microsomal drug‐metabolizing enzymes may have a somewhat increased tolerance to the systemic effects of cumulative doses of licocaine.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGBei Epileptikern und Kontrollpersonen wurden die Plasmakonzentrationen von Lidocain nach langsamer i.v. Injektion von 2 mg/kg untersucht. Bei den Epileptikern wurden zwei Untersuchungen angestellt: Eine unter der iiblichen antiepileptischen und/oder sedativen Therapie, die andere nach 4‐wochiger Phenobarbitalbehandlung. 30 und 60 Minuten nach dem Beginn der Lido‐caininjektion waren die Plasmakonzentrationen bei den Epileptikern etwas niedriger als bei den Kontrollpersonen; die Unterschiede waren statistisch signifikant. Die Phenobarbitalbehandlung fiihrte nicht zu einer weiteren Ver‐minderung der Plasmakonzentrationen von Lidocain bei den Epileptikern. Es kann der Schluss gezogen werden, dass Patienten, die Phenobarbital oder einen anderen potentiellen Anreger der mikrosomalen drogenabbauenden Enzyme eingenommen haben, eine etwas erhohte Toleranz gegen die Systemwirkungen kumulativer Dosen von Lidocain haben durften.
Molecular Diversity and Assessment of Biological Characteristics of Greek Colletotrichum lindemuthianum Populations
Authors: Bardas George Apostolos , Koutita Olga , Tzavella‐Klonari Kate 
Published: December 2008

Abstract Colletotrichum lindemuthianum isolates collected in Greece were characterized by the temperature effect on their biological characteristics (mycelial growth, sporulation and spore germinability) and by molecular diversity revealed by RAM and ERIC–BOX PCR analysis. The temperature effect on the assessed biological characteristics resulted in a similar classification according to the origin and virulence patterns of isolates. Colletotrichum lindemuthianum isolates originating from the areas of Nevrokopi and Vrodou showed better adaptation at the lower temperatures exposure (12 and 18°C) compared to isolates originating from the Municipality of Hrisoupolis, which showed better adaptation at the highest temperature tested (24°C). Molecular diversity was detected using RAM and ERIC–BOX PCR primers. Both methods revealed, in a similar way (r = 0.58, P = 0.05), two main clusters of isolates, in agreement with previous findings using RAPD and RFLP analysis. The majority of the tested isolates were grouped in the same main cluster (29 out of 35 Greek isolates for both methods) underlying high levels of genotypic similarities between Greek populations of C. lindemuthianum. This study, an extension of previous research, provides further information on population diversity of C. lindemuthianum required for developing more efficient control strategies of bean anthracnose disease.
Monoclonal Antibodies against the Recombinant Nucleocapsid Protein of Tomato spotted wilt virus and its Application in Virus Detection
Authors: Wu Jianxiang , Yu Cui , Yang Cuiyun , Zhou Xueping 
Published: December 2008

Abstract Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is the type member of the tospovirus genus and causes significant losses in a wide range of economically important ornamental and vegetable crops worldwide. The nucleocapsid gene, located on the ambisense S RNA segment of TSWV was expressed in Escherichia coli using pET‐32a as vector and correct expression of recombinant protein was confirmed by Western blot using an anti‐TSWV monoclonal antibody (MAb). The recombinant protein was purified using Ni‐NTA agarose and the purified protein was used for the production of MAbs. Three murine MAbs against the recombinant nucleocapsid protein were produced. Triple antibody sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and immunocapture RT‐PCR methods were then established for reliable and efficient detection of TSWV using the produced MAbs.
Resistance to Ergot in Self‐incompatible Germplasm Resources of Winter Rye
Authors: Mirdita Vilson , Miedaner Thomas 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe poor progress in breeding for resistance to ergot (Claviceps purpurea [Fr.] Tul.) in rye (Secale cereale L.) is attributed to the lack of appreciable genotypic variation for this trait. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to evaluate 52 indigenous and exotic genetic resources and 13 open‐pollinated cultivars for ergot resistance. These 65 self‐incompatible populations were evaluated in four environments with each entry plot surrounded by wheat plots on four sides. Inoculation with a pathogen mixture was done thrice during flowering and harvesting was done early by hand. Resistance traits were ergot incidence and severity. Logit‐transformed data were subjected to analyses of variance. The lowest disease severity in any environment was 0.18%, and that was still higher than the official threshold of 0.1% for feed. In the pooled analysis across environments, significant genotypic differences as well as genotype × environment interaction were present. The correlation between ergot severity and pollen shedding was not significant indicating that genotypic differences were not affected by pollen shedding. Broad‐sense heritability (h2) estimates were moderate (0.54–0.65). ‘Halo’, an old German cultivar, and the genetic resources ‘Schmidt‐Roggen’ and ‘Dukat’, had low ergot severity (Halo having the lowest severity) as well as low disease incidence. The results document a significant, but moderate genotypic variance for ergot resistance among self‐incompatible rye that can be exploited to breed ergot‐resistant rye.
Dipsacus fullonum: an Alternative Host of Sunflower chlorotic mottle virus in Argentina
Authors: Giolitti Fabián , Bejerman Nicolás , Lenardon Sergio 
Published: December 2008

Abstract Dipsacus fullonum L. is a biennial weed that is widely spread in the Pampean region of Argentina. Plants of this species showing leaf mosaic symptoms were collected near sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) crops infected with Sunflower chlorotic mottle virus (SuCMoV). Symptomatic plants were tested by biological, serological and molecular assays. Sunflower and Nicotiana occidentalis L. plants mechanically inoculated with extracts from symptomatic D. fullonum leaves developed typical SuCMoV symptoms. Samples were DAS‐ELISA positive when probed with a SuCMoV antiserum. RT‐PCR was used to amplify the whole coat protein gene of the infecting virus. An 807 bp fragment was amplified, cloned and sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence (EU606023) shared 96% amino acid identity with the SuCMoV sequence (AF255677). These results indicate that D. fullonum mosaic is caused by an isolate of SuCMoV. Thus, this finding has epidemiological relevance as the weed may act as a natural virus reservoir.
PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF LEONURINE IN NEONATAL RAT HYPOXIC CARDIOMYOCYTES AND RAT INFARCTED HEART
Authors: Liu Xin‐Hua , Xin Hong , Hou Ai‐Jun , Zhu Yi‐Zhun 
Published: December 2008

SUMMARY

Previous studies have shown that extracts of Herba leonuri, predominantly containing the phytochemical components leonurine and stachydrine, provide protective effects in the ischaemic myocardium by acting as free radical scavengers and inhibiting the formation of reactive oxygen species.
The present study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of 10−6 mol/L leonurine on neonatal rat cardiomyocytes treated with hypoxia plus serum deprivation, a component of ischaemia, and to determine the mechanisms underlying the protective effects with regard to cardiac anti‐oxidant enzymes and apoptosis genes. Cardiomyocytes were treated with leonurine 8 h prior to exposure to hypoxia. In addition, we investigated the effects of 7.5 and 15 mg/kg leonurine, administered to rats i.p. for 7 days prior to left coronary artery ligation, on subsequent infarct size of the ischaemic heart.
Leonurine significantly increased the viability of cardiomyocytes injured by hypoxia. In the leonurine‐treated group, gene expression levels of pro‐apoptotic genes, namely Bax and Fas, were significantly downregulated (by 0.95‐ and 0.72‐fold, respectively; P < 0.001) compared with the hypoxic control group, whereas the expression of Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐xl was upregulated following leonurine treatment (by 1.03‐ and 1.07‐fold, respectively; P < 0.05). Correspondingly, leonurine treatment increased Bcl‐2 protein levels and decreased Bax protein levels. Assays investigating cardiac anti‐oxidant enzymes provided further evidence for a protective effect of leonurine, as indicated by the induction of the anti‐oxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase. Furthermore, leonurine decreased infarct size in ischaemic rat heart.
The results of the present study suggest that the mechanisms of action of leonurine in hypoxic neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and infarcted rat heart may be related to its anti‐oxidant and anti‐apoptotic properties.
An Autopsy Case Combined With So‐called Masson Bodies of Lung, Necrotizing Angitis of Gall Bladder and Subacute Glomerulonephritis—Pathologic and Histochemical Studies on the‘Bourgexons Conjonctifs’ (Masson,—
Authors: Asano Masahide 
Published: December 2008

The Masson body termed by Masson, Riopelle and Martin in 1937, and periarteritis nodosa termed by Kusmaul and Maier in 1866 are both diseases recongnized as representing an allergic reaction.I have studied an autopsy case of subacute glomerulonephritis, which also represents an allergic reaction, associated with Masson body and periarteritis nodosa.
A TRANSPLANTABLE PULMONARY TUMOR LINE IN MOUSE FORMING BONE AND CHONDROID TISSUE
Authors: Kawada Kenji 
Published: December 2008

A spontaneous papillary adenocarcinoma was found in the lung of an A/St female mouse 20 months of age, and its transplantable line forming bone and chondroid tissue was established. The basic patterns changed from papillary adenocarcinoma to anaplastic carcinoma or a flbrosarcoma‐like pattern through tubular adenocarcinoma. Osseous tissue appeared in the 1st transplant generation and increased with serial transplanta tions. In the 5th transplant generation, abundant osseous tissue was seen, a flbrosarcoma‐like pattern became predominant and chondroid tissue appeared. Morphologically, the flbrosarcoma‐like pattern was proved to be epithelial in nature.Marked alkaline phosphatase activity was demonstrated in the spindle‐shaped tumor cells, and the activity obviously elevated in the serum of hosts bearing tumors which included more spindle‐shaped cells and osseous tissues than chondroid ones. It is presumed that the osseous and chondroid tissues formed by carcinoma cells did not result from meta plasia in the strict sense of the word but rather from pseudometaplasia or metamorphosis.
RETICULOSARCOMATOSIS ORIGINATING FROM SKIN—A CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY
Authors: Okayasu Isao , Okayasu Noriko , Mori Wataru , Miyazaki Kazuhiro , Matsubara Sho 
Published: December 2008

The case is that of a 65 year‐old male with reticulosarcomatosis originating from the skin. There were multiple tumors composed of reticulum cells located only in the skin, particularly around the large joints. The entire course of illness was three years and five months, during which period regression by irradiation, recurrence, or new forma tion of tumors were repeatedly seen. At the end systemic tumor spread not only of the skin but also in various visceral organs including lymph nodes occurred.From histological and electron microscopic examinations repeatedly performed with biopsy materials, and finally with autopsy materials it was ascertained that the tumor cells had become smaller in size with less lymphoid cell infiltration at the terminal stage.