bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental aspects of bulimia nervosa: Implications for the health care team
Authors: Harwood M. P. , Newton J. T. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis paper reviews the published literature regarding the oral signs and symptoms of bulimia nervosa and discusses the benefits of involving the dental profession in the early identification of suspected cases. It is argued that the primary care dental team can act as a valuable resource to mental health professionals provided that liaison and mutual education take place.The oral manifestations of bulimia nervosa include increased levels of dental caries, sensitivity to hot and cold substances, dry mouth, enamel erosion and occasionally swelling of the parotid salivary gland. These signs can develop within six months of the onset of bulimia nervosa. The general dental practitioner is ideally placed to pick up these early warning signs. The oral condition may be controlled through local measures but the true value of the involvement of the dental practitioner may only be realized if they are made aware of the importance of early referral for specialist advice and management of the underlying condition and the consequent improvement in prognosis. Recent work has suggested that many dental practitioners are unaware of oral signs that may indicate the existence of bulimia nervosa and tend to restrict management to the local oral problem.
The eating disorders awareness test: A new instrument for the assessment of the effectiveness of psychoeducational approaches to the treatment of eating disorders
Authors: Schmidt Ulrike , Ali Shirine , Slone Gaynor , Tiller Jane , Treasure Janet 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA consecutive series of 76 patients with ICD‐10 bulimia nervosa or atypical bulimia nervosa (WHO, 1992) were given the Eating Disorders Awareness Test (EDAT) to assess patients' awareness of the risks and maintaining factors of their disorder. Control subjects were 88 female college students and 20 health professionals interested in the treatment of eating disorders. There were no differences between patients and control subjects in terms of their knowledge about the disorder. Severity and duration of eating disorder, current depression and previous treatment did not predict scores on the EDAT.
Treatment of early trauma and dissociation in eating disorders of late onset
Authors: Tobin David 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA subgroup of older patients with a strikingly consistent pattern of symptoms and historical detail is presented with an outline for treatment. Deviation from standard approaches to treatment for eating disorders is discussed as a consequence of managing not only severe eating disorder symptoms, but also severe dissociative and personality disorders. Based on the work of Putnam (1989) and case material, an outline of treatment is presented that includes: (1) diagnosis, (2) history and alter identification, (3) initial stabilization, (4) acceptance of diagnosis, (5) communication between alters, (6) metabolism of trauma, and (7) integration. The integration of cognitive‐behavioural, psychodynamic, and feminist‐relational techniques is discussed as a way to help these patients overcome both eating and dissociative disorder symptoms. Though treatment of this subgroup is considerably longer and more intensive than standard approaches (e.g. twice weekly for several years), case studies reveal that prognosis is generally good if patients remain in treatment. Other indicators of good prognosis include the patient's ability to remain or return to premorbid levels of employment.
Dissociative symptoms in eating disorders: A follow‐up study
Authors: Vanderlinden John , Vandereycken Walter , Pobst Michel 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe presence of dissociative symptoms was studied in 62 eating‐disordered patients at admission to a specialized unit, after 6 months and again after one year. Scores on the Dissociation Questionnaire (DIS‐Q) decreased in restricting anorectics and bulimia nervosa patients, but remained virtually unchanged for bingeing and purging anorectics. Higher scores on the DIS‐Q (especially on its amnesia subscale) were found in patients who also reported traumatic experiences in their childhood. A negative body experience was shown to be a strong predictor of DIS‐Q scores at follow‐up.
Dissociation and the severity of bulimic psychopathology among eating‐disordered and non‐eating‐disordered women
Authors: McManus Freda 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between dissociation and eating psychopathology in bulimic women and a matched comparison group. The eating‐disordered group had significantly higher scores on all scales of the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES II). A preliminary investigation of the nature of the dimensional relationship between dissociation and bulimic behaviours was carried out among the eating‐disordered women by examining the associations between specific aspects of eating psychopathology and specific aspects of dissociation. The dissociative characteristic of depersonalization and derealization was positively correlated with scores on the bulimia and oral control subscales of the Eating Attitudes Test. The dissociative characteristic of amnesia was positively correlated with the bulimic behaviour of bingeing. The results are discussed in the context of current conceptualizations of bulimic behaviours and dissociation, which emphasize the defensive function of both these behaviours. Suggestions are made for further research, and the clinical implications of the findings are discussed.
Cognitive and motivational consequences of dieting
Authors: Ogden Jane 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe present study examined the cognitive and motivational consequences of dieting behaviour. Twenty‐three dieters completed rating scales of mood and cognitive and motivational states three times a week and profile questionnaires at the beginning and end of a six‐week period of caloric restriction. A control group of 18 non‐dieters were also assessed for a comparative period. The results showed several profile differences between the two groups with the dieters reporting lower eating self‐efficacy and greater body dissatisfaction at the start of the period of caloric restriction. There were some differential changes over the period of the diet, with the dieters showing increases in both depression and loss of control, a decrease in hunger and a temporary increase in the preoccupation with food compared to the non‐dieters. The implications of the results are analysed in relation to both the long‐term and short‐term effects of caloric restraint. Their relevance to recent theories of disturbances in eating behaviour are discussed.
Identification of a novel fusion gene MLL‐MAML2 in secondary acute myelogenous leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome with inv(11)(q21q23)
Authors: Nemoto Noriko , Suzukawa Kazumi , Shimizu Seiichi , Shinagawa Atsushi , Takei Naoko , Taki Tomohiko , Hayashi Yasuhide , Kojima Hiroshi , Kawakami Yasushi , Nagasawa Toshiro 
Published: June 2007

AbstractWe have identified a novel fusion partner of MLL, namely the mastermind like 2 (MAML2 gene), in secondary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with inv(11)(q21q23). RT‐PCR and sequencing revealed that exon 7 of MLL was fused to exon 2 of MAML2 in the AML and MDS cells. The inv(11)(q21q23) results in the creation of a chimeric RNA encoding a putative fusion protein containing 1,408 amino acids from the NH2‐terminal part of MLL and 952 amino acids from the COOH‐terminal part of MAML2. The NH2‐terminal part of MAML2, a basic domain including a binding site of the intracellular domain of NOTCH, was deleted in MLL‐MAML2. MLL‐MAML2 in secondary AML/MDS and MECT1‐MAML2 in mucoepithelioid carcinoma, benign Wartin's tumor, and clear cell hidradenoma consist of the same COOH‐terminal part of MAML2. A luciferase assay revealed that MLL‐MAML2 suppressed HES1 promoter activation by the NOTCH1 intracellular domain. MAML2 involving a chimeric gene might contribute to carcinogenesis in multiple neoplasms by the disruption of NOTCH signaling. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Subclinical photodynamic therapy treatment modifies the brain microenvironment and promotes glioma growth
Authors: deCarvalho Ana C. , Zhang Xuepeng , Roberts Cynthia , Jiang Feng , Kalkanis Steven N. , Hong Xin , Lu Mei , Chopp Michael 
Published: June 2007

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) has been clinically investigated as an adjuvant local therapy for brain tumors. Therapeutic interventions intended to promote tumor cell death can also promote changes in the tumor microenvironment that could favor tumor growth. We have previously shown that PDT can activate pro‐angiogenic factors in the normal rodent brain. This study seeks to further elucidate the effects of subtherapeutic doses of Photofrin‐PDT on normal brain and to establish a mouse model for studying glioma progression in an environment modified by oxidative stress. Photofrin was administered to nude mice, and a defined intracranial area was illuminated with laser to deliver an optical dose equivalent to 80 J/cm2. Three and 7 days after PDT, mice were sacrificed and brains were fixed and analyzed by immunohistochemistry. PDT treatment resulted in transient increase in cell proliferation, associated with a robust activation of astrocytes and microglia in the treated region, without causing substantial cell death. To test how this modified environment would affect glioma growth, human glioblastoma U87 cells were implanted in the PDT‐treated hemisphere or in the control brain subjected to sham surgery. Significantly larger tumors were observed after 3 weeks in the PDT treated brains relative to control treatment. Our results indicate that subclinical Photofrin‐PDT locally alters the brain homeostasis without inflicting significant disruption to the tissue architecture, providing a model to study the effects of the microenvironment on glioma growth, with implications for the optimization of the clinical use of PDT for brain tumors. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ferritin accumulation in dystrophic microglia is an early event in the development of Huntington's disease
Authors: Simmons Danielle A. , Casale Malcolm , Alcon Betzi , Pham Nha , Narayan Natasha , Lynch Gary 
Published: June 2007

AbstractHuntington's Disease (HD) is characterized primarily by neuropathological changes in the striatum, including loss of medium‐spiny neurons, nuclear inclusions of the huntingtin protein, gliosis, and abnormally high iron levels. Information about how these conditions interact, or about the temporal order in which they appear, is lacking. This study investigated if, and when, iron‐related changes occur in the R6/2 transgenic mouse model of HD and compared the results with those from HD patients. Relative to wild‐type mice, R6/2 mice had increased immunostaining for ferritin, an iron storage protein, in the striatum beginning at 2–4 weeks postnatal and in cortex and hippocampus starting at 5–7 weeks. The ferritin staining was found primarily in microglia, and became more pronounced as the mice matured. Ferritin‐labeled microglia in R6/2 mice appeared dystrophic in that they had thick, twisted processes with cytoplasmic breaks; some of these cells also contained the mutant huntingtin protein. Brains from HD patients (Vonsattel grades 0–4) also had increased numbers of ferritin‐containing microglia, some of which were dystrophic. The cells were positive for Perl's stain, indicating that they contained abnormally high levels of iron. These results provide the first evidence that perturbations to iron metabolism in HD are predominately associated with microglia and occur early enough to be important contributors to HD progression. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A yeast two‐hybrid system using Sp17 identified Ropporin as a novel cancer–testis antigen in hematologic malignancies
Authors: Li Zhanfei , Li Wei , Meklat Farouk , Wang Zhiqing , Zhang Jian , Zhang Yana , Lim Seah H. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractSince most intracellular proteins are expressed with their ligands, ligands of cancer–testis (CT) antigens may also be CT in their distribution. Applying Sperm protein 17 (Sp17) as the bait in a yeast 2‐hybrid system of a testicular cDNA library, 17 interacting clones were isolated and all encoded Ropporin, a spermatogenic cell‐specific protein that serves as an anchoring protein for the A‐kinase anchoring protein, AKAP110. Ropporin showed a very restricted normal tissue gene expression, detected only in testis and fetal liver. Ropporin mRNA could also be detected in tumor cells from patients with multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia. Interestingly, expression of Sp17 did not necessarily predict for the expression of Ropporin suggesting that their coexpression in these tumor cells was random rather than coordinated. Ropporin gene expression in tumor cells is associated with the presence of high titer IgG antibodies against Ropporin, suggesting the in vivo translation of the mRNA into protein and the immunogenicity of the protein to the autologous hosts. Using a CT antigen as the bait in a yeast 2‐hybrid system may, therefore, identify novel tumor antigen. Our results also suggest that Ropporin is a novel CT antigen in hematologic malignancies. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of nitric oxide donor and gamma irradiation on MAPK signaling in murine peritoneal macrophages
Authors: Narang Himanshi , Krishna Malini 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIrradiation (IR) of cells is known to activate enzymes of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) family. These are known to be involved in cellular response to stress and are determinants of cell death or survival. When radiotherapy is delivered to malignant cells, macrophages, being radioresistant, survive, get activated, and produce large amounts of nitric oxide. As a result of activation they recognize and phagocytose tumor and normal cell apoptotic bodies leading to tumor regression. In this study, the MAPK signaling in peritoneal macrophages was investigated which plays an important role in its various functions, in an environment which is predominantly nitric oxide, as is after IR. The behavior of macrophages in such an environment was also looked at. The three MAPK (ERK1/2, p38, and JNK) respond differently to Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) alone or IR alone. All the three were activated following IR but only JNK was activated following SNP treatment. Surprisingly, when both the stresses were given simultaneously or one after the other, this differential response was lost and there was a complete inhibition of phosphorylation of all the three MAPKs, irrespective of the order of the two insults (IR and SNP). The noteworthy observation was that despite the complete inhibition of MAPK signaling there was no effect on either the viability or the phagocytic efficiency of peritoneal macrophages. J. Cell. Biochem. 103: 576–587, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular mechanics parameters for the FapydG DNA lesion
Authors: Song Kun , Hornak Viktor , De Los Santos Carlos , Grollman Arthur P. , Simmerling Carlos 
Published: June 2007

AbstractFapydG is a common oxidative DNA lesion involving opening of the imidazole ring. It shares the same precursor as 8‐oxodG and can be excised by the same enzymes as 8‐oxodG. However, the loss of the aromatic imidazole in FapydG results in a reduction of the double bond character between C5 and N7, with an accompanying increase in conformational flexibility. Experimental characterization of FapydG is hampered by high reactivity, and thus it is desirable to investigate structural details through computer simulation. We show that the existing Amber force field parameters for FapydG do not reproduce X‐ray structural data. We employed quantum mechanics energy profile calculations to derive new molecular mechanics parameters for the rotation of the dihedral angles in the eximidazole moiety. Using these parameters, all‐atom simulations in explicit water reproduce the nonplanar conformation of cFapydG in the crystal structure of the complex with L. lactis glycosylase Fpg. We note that the nonplanar structure is stabilized by an acidic residue that is not present in most Fpg sequences. Simulations of the E→S mutant, as present in E. coli, resulted in a more planar conformation, suggesting that the highly nonplanar form observed in the crystal structure may not have direct biological relevance for FapydG. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2008
The Jahn‐Teller effect of the Cr2+ ion in aqueous solution: Ab initio QM/MM molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Kritayakornupong Chinapong 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe hydration structure of Cr2+ has been studied using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations including three‐body corrections and combined ab initio quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) MD simulations at the Hartree‐Fock level. The structural properties are determined in terms of radial distribution functions, coordination numbers, and several angle distributions. The mean residence time was evaluated for describing ligand exchange processes in the second hydration shell. The Jahn‐Teller distorted octahedral [Cr(H2O)6]2+ complex was pronounced in the QM/MM MD simulation. The first‐shell distances of Cr2+ are in the range of 1.9–2.8 Å, which are slightly larger than those observed in the cases of Cu2+ and Ti3+. No first‐shell water exchange occurred during the simulation time of 35 ps. Several water‐exchange processes were observed in the second hydration shell with a mean residence time of 7.3 ps. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2008
Evidence‐based practice in psychology
Authors: Thorn Beverly E. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractEvidence‐based practice is a growing topic of interest in the field of psychology. In 2006, the American Psychological Association (APA) developed a formal policy statement on evidence‐based practice in psychology (EBPP). It is now important for the profession to come to a better understanding about what EBPP is (and is not), and to develop a skill set associated with EBPP. The next seven articles explore the history of EBPP, elaborate the definition and present uses of the term, and provide information relevant to the skill set regarding a practice consistent with the evidence‐based approach. Many of the articles were derived from the 2007 midwinter meeting of the Council of University Directors of Clinical Psychology, where the program topic was “Evidence‐based Practice: What it is, Why It's Important, and What you Need to Know.” © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 63: 607–609, 2007.
Refining the measurement of exposure to violence (ETV) in urban youth
Authors: Brennan Robert T. , Molnar Beth E. , Earls Felton 
Published: June 2007

AbstractCorrelational analysis, classical test theory, confirmatory factor analysis, and multilevel Rasch modeling were used to refine a measure of adolescents' exposure to violence (ETV). Interpersonal violence could be distinguished from other potentially traumatic events; it was also possible to distinguish three routes of exposure (victimization, witnessing, and learning of). Correlations confirmed that ETV subscales are related to measures of aggression, delinquency, and depression/anxiety. Reliability was improved by combining ETV subscales and/or caregiver and youth reports. Valid and reliable measures of ETV are critical to future research in associating violence exposure with common mental health and behavioral outcomes and disorders, and tracking how early violence exposure may affect future outcomes for adolescents. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comm Psychol 35: 603–618, 2007.
Neighborhood research from a spatially oriented strengths perspective
Authors: Mowbray Carol T. , Woolley Michael E. , Grogan‐Kaylor Andrew , Gant Larry M. , Gilster Megan E. , Shanks Trina R. Williams 
Published: June 2007

AbstractResearch investigating neighborhood effects on children and families has been largely deficit and individual‐focused, investigated structural variables, and has typically produced equivocal findings and small effect sizes. We suggest an approach focused on community strengths and resources that stresses the role of measures of social interaction variables and the utilization of analytic strategies that model the spatial and nested nature of contextual effects. To that end, we offer a community resilience model that includes both community‐level risk and protective factors, and suggests sources to obtain community‐level strengths data. We also provide a guide for locating community resource data appropriate for use in neighborhood effects research utilizing geographical information systems, multilevel modeling, and spatial analytic strategies. Finally, we discuss the challenges and issues to be addressed in further developing a strategy for investigating neighborhood effects from a strengths perspective. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comm Psychol 35: 667–680, 2007.
Using graphical techniques to communicate strategy: an exploratory study
Authors: Lettice Fiona , Brayshaw Karen 
Published: June 2007

Abstract
This paper looks at a current management consultant‐driven fashion for using graphical techniques to communicate strategic direction within larger organizations. Recent literature shows that many strategic change programmes fail through poor or miscommunication of the organization's strategic objectives, suggesting there is a need in the marketplace for new communication techniques.
This research evaluates the use of one graphical technique within three organizations to explore how it is being used and what the benefits of using this technique are. These new graphical techniques are felt to be more effective than traditional strategy communication techniques and our research suggests that this is because they consider both the communication medium and the content and presentation of the information in the strategic message.
In particular, these techniques use pictures or graphics with embedded metaphors to communicate clearer strategic messages, they encourage dialogue and inclusiveness from all employees within the process, they show connectivity of information, they facilitate the ability to remember the strategy and they are novel.
Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strategy development in a transitional economy: the case of LEK
Authors: Langley Amanda , Kakabadse Nada K. , Swailes Stephen 
Published: June 2007

Abstract
This paper explores how the grand strategies of a Slovenian firm, LEK, evolved during the period 1992–2002. Using a unique methodological framework, data was collected qualitatively from published sources in order to identify and explore the strategic actions that LEK realized. The findings showed that LEK realized organic growth and external finance‐raising strategies together with a number of incremental strategic actions such as those relating to mergers and acquisitions and organic concentric diversification.
By focusing upon how the strategies and strategic actions realized by LEK evolved over an 11‐year period, this paper has contributed to a gap in the existing literature about strategy development by pharmaceutical firms based in transitional economies.
Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.