bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Qualitative Exploration of Providers’ Approaches to Relational Harm Reduction in HIV Primary Care Settings
Authors: Kay Emma Sophia , Creasy Stephanie , Townsend Jessica , Hawk Mary 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Structural harm reduction is an approach to care for people who use drugs (PWUD) that incorporates services and resources (e.g., naloxone, sterile syringes). As conceptualized in our previous research, harm reduction is also “relational,” encompassing a patient-provider relationship that is non-judgmental and respectful of patients’ autonomy. Little is known about providers’ knowledge or attitudes towards harm reduction beyond structural strategies, whose availability and legality vary across geographical settings. To operationalize how relational harm reduction is both characterized and employed in HIV care settings, where nearly half of patients have a diagnosed substance use disorder, we qualitatively explored providers’ knowledge of and use of harm reduction via individual in-depth interviews.
Methods
Our study sample included three HIV clinics, one in Birmingham, Alabama (AL) and two in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (PA). We conducted individual interviews with n = 23 providers via Zoom, using a semi-structured interview guide to probe for questions around providers’ attitudes towards and experiences with providing care to PWH who use drugs and their knowledge of and attitudes towards relational and structural harm reduction. Data was analyzed in Dedoose using thematic analysis.
Results
Qualitative analyses revealed three primary themes, including Relational Harm Reduction in Practice, Not Harm Reduction, No Knowledge of Harm Reduction, and Harm Reduction Training. Nearly all providers (n = 19, 83%) described a patient interaction or expressed a sentiment that corresponded with the principles of relational harm reduction. Yet, over half of participants (n = 14, 61%) used language to describe PWH who use drugs that was stigmatizing or described an interaction that was antithetical to the principles of relational harm reduction. Five providers, all from Birmingham, were unaware of the term ‘harm reduction.’ Few providers had any harm reduction training.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that relational harm reduction in HIV care settings is practiced along a continuum, and that a range of behaviors exist even within individual providers (e.g., used stigmatizing terms such as “addict” but also described patient interactions that reflected patients’ autonomy). Given that harm reduction is typically described as a structural approach, a broader definition of harm reduction that is not dependent on policy-dependent resources is needed.
Unraveling the Cellular and Molecular Landscape of IgA Nephropathy through Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Analysis
Authors: Hou Juan , Xu Bin , Zhu Jingjing , Yuan Ye , Zhou Fanglin , Xu Zhongxiu , Liu Qingqing , Shi Juanjuan , Xu Wenhan , Cui Jie , Ye Xintong , Wu Ziwei , Wang Wei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study leverages public database resources to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms in IgA nephropathy, a major contributor to chronic kidney disease, using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis.
Methods
Publicly available scRNA-seq datasets of kidney biopsy samples from IgA nephropathy patients and healthy individuals were analyzed. We conducted a detailed transcriptomic profiling of individual cells to identify distinct cell populations and their roles in IgA nephropathy. The study focused on delineating the inflammatory microenvironment and assessing the functional status of critical cell types, notably podocytes and fibroblasts.
Results
Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant alterations across various cell types in the context of IgA nephropathy. Podocytes displayed substantial functional impairment, evident from altered gene expression related to glomerular filtration and structural maintenance. In parallel, renal fibroblasts were activated, exhibiting a transcriptional profile indicative of fibrosis. These findings highlight a pathogenic microenvironment dominated by inflammation and fibrosis, which is central to the progression of IgA nephropathy. The study also shed light on potential molecular targets and pathways that may be implicated in the disease's pathogenesis.
Conclusion
Employing data from public databases, this study underscores the power of single-cell technologies in dissecting the complex pathophysiology of IgA nephropathy. The insights gained into cell-specific transcriptomic changes offer novel perspectives on the disease mechanisms and suggest potential avenues for therapeutic development. This approach marks a significant step in advancing our understanding of IgA nephropathy and highlights the potential of public datasets in facilitating biomedical research, especially in the realm of personalized medicine.
Intuition Brain Health Study: a smartphone- and smartwatch-based virtual, observational study using multimodal mobile sensing to classify and detect mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Butler Paul , Au Rhoda , Becker Andrew , Bianchi Matt , Brown Roland , Cosne Gautier , Demircioglu Gizem , Erkkinen Michael , Gabelle Audrey , Hobbs Matt , Hughes Richard , Juraver Adrien , Langbaum Jessica , Lenyoun Hanson , Lingler Jennifer , Penalver-Andres Joaquin , Pham Hung , Porsteinsson Anton , Price Pamela , Quiroz Yakeel , Roggen Daniel , Saha-Chaudhuri Paramita , Scotland Alf , Sha Sharon , Sliwinski Marty , Song Han , Yang Jenny , Belachew Shibeshih 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Smart devices are utilized by billions worldwide. The ubiquity of consumer-grade smart devices provides opportunities to robustly capture real-world cognition. Intuition (NCT05058950) was a virtual, observational study that enrolled 23,004 U.S. adults in 18-months collecting longitudinal multimodal data via iPhone and Apple Watch using a custom research application that captured routine device use, self-reported health information, and cognitive assessments. The study objectives were to classify mild cognitive impairment, characterize cognitive trajectories, and develop tools to detect and track cognitive health at scale. The study addresses sources of bias in current cognitive health research, including limited representativeness (e.g., racial/ethnic, geographic) and accuracy of cognitive measurement tools. We provide study rationale and design, then describe baseline demographics, clinical, and neuropsychological characteristics stratified by vulnerability to cognitive decline. Initial results support the feasibility to detect mild cognitive impairment and describe at-risk cognitive health trajectories in an ecologically valid and demographically diverse aging population.
Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Monitoring with Armband-Embedded Antenna Sensor and RADWT Algorithm
Authors: S Sindhuja , E Kanniga 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Researchers are continuing to align new technology and increased medical understanding to provide even more ways to help diabetics live healthier lives. Antenna sensors are also being developed for non-invasive glucose monitoring. Wearable technology in healthcare has several advantages, including convenience, lower healthcare costs, improved diagnosis, and improved patient outcomes. A wearable patch antenna can be a passive sensor to detect various body signals. Signal acquisition and linear regression modeling monitor fluctuating diabetes levels with an antenna sensor. The antenna's operating frequency is set to 4.1 GHz, which is in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) frequency band. As a substrate material, rigid FR4 (r = 3.5, tan = 0.0027, and thickness of 0.1 mm) is used. The proposed antenna will improve return loss, VSWR, gain, and efficiency. In comparison to other existing wearable antennas, it has a lower return loss, VSWR, gain, and specific absorption rate (SAR). The achieved antenna return loss at 4.1 GHz is approximately 37 dB, the achieved directivity at 4.1 GHz is 2.1 dBi and the achieved gain is 1.8 dBi. The VSWR value obtained at 4.1 GHz is acceptable in terms of impedance matching. The proposed antenna design is designed and simulated using CST. The acquired signal from the thumb tip antenna was processed using the linear regression algorithm to calculate the blood glucose level. The experimental results indicate that, with regression modeling, the signal from the thumb tip antenna could be used to more reliably monitor blood glucose levels than existing invasive methods. The experimental results validated blood glucose levels taken from the thumb tip using an AccuChek glucometer.
Managerial identity work: A systematic literature review with a conceptual model
Authors: Westen Wiktoria A. , Graça Manuel A. da 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The concept of managerial identity work (MIW) has been studied for two decades and is aptly recognized as a vital part of organizational life. Since MIW applies to each manager regardless of their seniority, it attracts researchers eager to apply theoretical frameworks to business scenarios collected from the whole managerial cohort. This systematic review contributes to the literature on MIW by accumulating and analyzing 55 empirical articles on the subject. Based on a synthesis approach, the findings point to eight first-order themes influencing MIW, namely, the identity of first-time managers, the identity of experienced managers, management development programmes, blurred identity, identity work as a medium, external perceptions of identity, creation of preferred identity, and the identity of minorities. These are later integrated into second-order themes such as knowledge, awareness, motive, and privilege, which allows for the creation of a conceptual model explaining the relation between the themes. Therefore, this study not only summarizes the existing research on MIW but also suggests to scholars and practitioners which factors impact managerial identity shaping; thus, what requires attention when seeking managerial identity development. The review includes a summary of the countries and industries in which MIW has been studied and lists the journals that published the reviewed articles. Additionally, it outlines avenues for future research, one of them in association with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development of the United Nations.
JEL Codes: D21, D23, M53
Decompressive Craniectomy at the National Hospital of Niamey: Prospective Study of the Epidemioclinical Profil, Indications, Surgical Techniques, and Results in a Context of Limited Resources
Authors: Hamma Ousmane Issoufou , Kelani Aminath Bariath , Ango Souleymane Mahamadou , Hissene Tidjani Mahamat , Mobarak Salifou Mahamane , Tounga Yahouza Boka , Ibrahim Assoumane Issa , Dechambenoit Gilbert 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a neurosurgical technique that is receiving renewed interest because of the resurgence of head injuries worldwide. Our aim was to analyze the quality of management and prognosis of patients who underwent this surgery in the context of limited resources.
Methods: This was a prospective, longitudinal, descriptive, and analytical study following STROBE, lasting 36 months (October 2020 to October 2023) at the National Hospital of Niamey in patients who had undergone DC. A p value ≤ 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.
Results: During our study, we collected 74 cases of DC. The mean age was 32.04 years (10 to 75 years), and there was a male predominance (91.89%). DC was performed mainly following head trauma (95.95%; 71/74), the main cause of which was road traffic accidents (76%; 54/71). On admission, most patients presented with altered consciousness (95.95%) and pupillary abnormalities (62.16%). The average time to complete the brain scan was 31.28 hours, with parenchymal contusion being the most common lesion (90.54%). The majority of patients (94.59%) underwent decompressive hemicraniectomy. Postoperative complications occurred in 71.62% of all patients, 33.78% (25/74) of whom died. Among survivors, 55.10% had neurological sequelae at the last consultation (27/49). The main factors associated with the risk of death and morbidity were a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ≤ 8, pupillary abnormality on admission, presence of signs of brain engagement, and a long admission delay.
Conclusions: Our study showed that the impact of limited resources on our care is low. However, it is crucial to develop judgment criteria that are adaptable to our realities.
Amiloride vs. furosemide for the treatment of edema in human nephrotic syndrome: a pilot study (AMILOR)
Authors: Schork Anja , Vogel Elisabeth , Bohnert Bernhard N. , Essigke Daniel , Wörn Matthias , Fischer Imma , Heyne Nils , Birkenfeld Andreas L. , Artunc Ferruh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In rodent models of nephrotic syndrome (NS), edema formation was prevented by blockade of the epithelial sodium channel ENaC with amiloride. The monocentric randomized controlled AMILOR study investigated the antiedematous effect of amiloride (starting dose 5 mg/d, max. 15 mg/d) in nephrotic patients in comparison to standard therapy with the loop diuretic furosemide (40 mg/d, max. 120 mg/d) over 16 days. Overhydration (OH) was measured by bioimpedance spectroscopy (Body Composition Monitor, Fresenius). Depending on the OH response, diuretic dose was adjusted on days 2, 5, 8 and 12, and if necessary, hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) was added from d8 (start 12.5 mg/d, max. 25 mg/d). The primary endpoint was the decrease in OH on d8. The study was terminated prematurely due to insufficient recruitment and a low statistical power due to a low actual effect size. Median baseline OH was + 26.4 (interquartile range 15.5–35.1) % extracellular water (ECW) in the amiloride arm and + 27.9 (24.1–29.4) % ECW in the furosemide arm and decreased by 1.95 (0.80–6.40) and 5.15 (0.90–8.30) % ECW after 8 days, respectively, and by 10.10 (1.30–14.40) and 7.40 (2.80–10.10) % ECW after 16 days, respectively. OH decrease on d8 and d16 was not significantly different between both arms. In conclusion, the AMILOR study is the first randomized controlled pilot study suggesting a similar antiedematous effect as furosemide. Thus, amiloride emerges as an alternative to the standard therapy with furosemide.
Navigating Foreign Language Teaching Anxiety: Insights from Pre-Service Teachers during Teacher Professional Education Practicum
Authors: Sanjaya Masud Madhani , Nurkamto Joko , Sumardi Sumardi 
Published: March 2024

This study focuses on the experiences of pre-service teachers that may trigger anxiety and delve into the potential benefits and effectiveness of FLTA in enhancing language acquisition and proficiency. By conducting in-depth studies and investigations on this topic, researchers look at the impact of FLTA. They can better understand how FLTA can optimize their problem-solving skills to facilitate language learning and provide valuable insight for language education, especially in EFL classrooms. This study used a narrative strategy to investigate the pre-service EFL teachers' experiences with teaching foreign language anxiety during their teaching practice while enrolled in the Teacher Profession Education Program. The subjects of this study were 3 English pre-service teachers who had completed teaching practice in junior and senior high schools during a professional teaching program in the city of Solo and its surroundings, Central Java, Indonesia. As a result of this study, several sources contributed to participants' experience of teaching foreign language anxiety, such as self-perception of language proficiency, leading inexperience, lack of student interest, fear of negative evaluation, and lack of time and class management. Participants in the teaching practicum also attempt to confront and overcome their worries; the strategies are personal coping strategies, professional coping strategies, social coping strategies, and institutional coping strategies. Although the participants experienced some anxiety while teaching practicum, they overcame it through various strategies. So, leading practicum activities from one meeting to the following allowed participants to develop their abilities and overcome their concerns about teaching in the EFL classroom.
Investigation of innovative designs of high-velocity channels for damping kinetic energy of flows
Authors: Rustem Ergali , Yestaev Kuat , Akhmetov Ergali , Abduvalova Ainur , Orynbassar Temirlan 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
In our contemporary world, demanding sustainable resource management, the study focuses on innovative fast flow channel designs. It investigates their efficacy in reducing flow kinetic energy, aiming to optimize water and energy management and diminish flood risks. Employing diverse methodologies, it analyzes and develops these designs, proving their substantial impact on stream energy management. These innovations not only enhance energy efficiency but also mitigate risks associated with excess kinetic energy, promoting safer stream management. This research significantly contributes to fluid dynamics and engineering, deepening the understanding of kinetic energy control in flows and offering potential solutions for water supply, environmental sustainability, and infrastructure safety challenges.
A Systematic Review of the Novel Targeted Immunobiological Medications in
Rheumatoid Arthritis: Efficacy, Safety, and Innovation
Authors: Parchami Ghazaee Sepideh , Marchenko-Tolsta Kateryna , Sereda Petro , Hameed Murtaza , Lane Sandra 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
Over the last half-century, the treatment and management of autoimmune rheumatic diseases have progressively improved, particularly with the
contribution of immunobiological or biological therapies known as disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Although these agents have been
generally efficient in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), some patients experience limited efficacy and non-responsiveness to treatment.
In addition, they may cause adverse clinical effects, further aggravating the disease.

Objectives:
Despite advancements in biological therapies, significant clinical needs persist. This review aims to discuss novel treatments, guiding future
guidelines and drug discoveries for rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods:
This review follows the 2020 PRISMA statement, utilising PubMed and Google Scholar for literature search and emphasizing recent meta-analyses
on the safety and efficacy of targeted immunobiological medications.

Results:
Small molecule inhibitors, whether utilised independently or in conjunction with Methotrexate, have been shown to contribute to effective disease
management and have the potential for better adherence to the American College of Rheumatology criteria. Tocilizumab therapy demonstrates a
significant reduction in disease activity and improves rates of disease remission when combined with Methotrexate. Investigations of mesenchymal
stromal cell therapies have had promising outcomes, improving both cartilage quality (as evaluated by Macroscopic Cartilage Repair Assessment)
and joint tenderness and swelling in clinical joint counts. Intra-articular administration of tolerogenic dendritic cells has displayed a capacity to
alleviate pain, as measured by Visual Analog Scale scores, and enhance the Disease Activity Score across 28 joints. Resveratrol capsules
supplemented with allopathic therapy show potential in reducing TNF-α and interleukin-6 serum levels.

Conclusion:
More investigations and their analysis will improve patient outcomes and reduce adverse effects and the costs involved in developing and obtaining
immunobiological drugs. Moreover, assessing the safety and efficacy of anti-RA properties of the bioactive compounds could offer less toxic and
more cost-effective natural treatment options.
iACVP-MR: Accurate Identification of Anti-coronavirus Peptide based on Multiple Features Information and Recurrent Neural Network
Authors: Liang Yunyun , Ma Xinyan , Zhang Shengli , Li Jin 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Over the years, viruses have caused human illness and threatened
human health. Therefore, it is pressing to develop anti-coronavirus infection drugs
with clear function, low cost, and high safety. Anti-coronavirus peptide (ACVP) is a key
therapeutic agent against coronavirus. Traditional methods for finding ACVP need a great
deal of money and man power. Hence, it is a significant task to establish intelligent computational
tools to able rapid, efficient and accurate identification of ACVP.

Methods:
In this paper, we construct an excellent model named iACVP-MR to identify
ACVP based on multiple features and recurrent neural networks. Multiple features are extracted
by using reduced amino acid component and dipeptide component, compositions
of k-spaced amino acid pairs, BLOSUM62 encoder according to the N5C5 sequence, as
well as second-order moving average approach based on 16 physicochemical properties.
Then, two recurrent neural networks named long-short term memory (LSTM) and bidirectional
gated recurrent unit (BiGRU) combined attention mechanism are used for feature
fusion and classification, respectively.

Results:
The accuracies of ENNAVIA-C and ENNAVIA-D datasets under the 10-fold
cross-validation are 99.15% and 98.92%, respectively, and other evaluation indexes have
also obtained satisfactory results. The experimental results show that our model is superior
to other existing models.

method:
Multiple features are extracted by using reduced amino acid component and dipeptide component, compositions of K-spaced amino acid pairs, BLOSUM62 encoding based on the N5C5 sequence, as well as second-order moving average based on 16 physicochemical properties. Then, two recurrent neural networks named long-short term memory (LSTM) and bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU) combined attention are used for feature fusion and classification, respectively.

Conclusion:
The iACVP-MR model can be viewed as a powerful and intelligent tool for
the accurate identification of ACVP. The datasets and source codes for iACVP-MR are
freely downloaded at https://github.com/yunyunliang88/iACVP-MR.
The Application of Graphene Oxide Nanoarchitectures in the
Treatment of Cancer: Phototherapy, Immunotherapy, and the
Development of Vaccines
Authors: Bhattacharya Sankha , Belemkar Sateesh , Prajapati Bhupendra Gopalbhai 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Nanoparticles have been crucial in redesigning tumour eradication techniques,
and recent advances in cancer research have accelerated the creation and integration
of multifunctional nanostructures. In the fight against treatment resistance, which
has reduced the effectiveness of traditional radiation and chemotherapy, this paradigm
change is of utmost importance. Graphene oxide (GO) is one of several nanoparticles
made of carbon that has made a splash in the medical field. It offers potential new ways
to treat cancer thanks to its nanostructures, which can precisely transfer genetic elements
and therapeutic chemicals to tumour areas. Encapsulating genes, protecting them from
degradation, and promoting effective genetic uptake by cancer cells are two of GO
nanostructures' greatest strengths, in addition to improving drug pharmacokinetics and
bioavailability by concentrating therapeutic compounds at particular tumour regions. In
addition, photodynamic treatment (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), which use
GO nanoparticles to reduce carcinogenesis, have greatly slowed tumour growth due to
GO's phototherapy capabilities. In addition to their potential medical uses, GO nanoparticles
are attractive vaccine candidates due to their ability to stimulate cellular and innate
immunity. These nanoparticles can be used to detect, diagnose, and eradicate cancer because
they respond to certain stimuli. The numerous advantages of GO nanoparticles for
tumour eradication are attributed in large part to their primary route of internalisation
through endocytosis, which guarantees accurate delivery to target locations. The revolutionary
potential of multifunctional nanostructures in cancer treatment is highlighted in
this extensive compendium that examines current oncological breakthroughs.