bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationships of adolescent school‐related deviant behaviour and victimization with psychological distress: Testing a general model of the mediational role of parents and teachers across groups of gender and age
Authors: Herrero Juan , Estévez Estefanía , Musitu Gonzalo 
Published: November 2005

ABSTRACTDeviant behaviour and victimization at school have been consistently related to poor psychological adjustment in adolescents. This research explores the mediating role that parents and teachers have in adolescent psychological distress in 973 Spanish students aged 11–16 years old. Structural equation analyses results showed that adolescent deviant behaviour and victimization were positively related to psychological distress as seen by the total effects. However, while victimization was directly related to psychological distress, the association of deviant behaviour and psychological distress was mediated by adolescent–parent communication and adolescent–teacher relationships. Multigroup analyses showed that relationships among variables were not significantly different for groups of age and gender.
Development of monoclonal antibodies specific to urochordate intracellular epitopes
Authors: Lapidot Z. , Rinkevich B. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractSixteen monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific to 2 urochordate genera (Botryllus schlosseri and Botrylloides) intracellular epitopes were generated in mice immunized with a mixture of fresh and paraformaldehyde‐fixed cells obtained from animal's blood and cells from dissociated organs. Hybridoma clones were selected by ELISA tests and immunohistochemistry assays on paraffin‐embedded animal tissues. Five MAbs were tested for reactions with different zooidal organs and cell compartments; 7 MAbs were tested, separately, on 5 different botryllid colonies (3 Botryllus and 2 Botrylloides). The results revealed high polymorphism. Whereas some of the MAbs recognized, specifically, only part of the botryllid genotypes tested, others recognized only part of the cellular compartments. These MAbs will be used as an important tool in the study of botryllid ascidian immunology and developmental biology, revealing the first wide panel of MAbs specific to urochordate intracellular antigens.
Recuperation and behaviour of Pacific cod after barotrauma
Authors: Nichol D.G. , Chilton E.A. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractA total of 624 Pacific cod was captured, tagged with data-storage tags, and released in the Gulf of Alaska and eastern Bering Sea from 2001 to 2003. Cod were captured with pot or jig gear at depths ranging from 32 to 127 m. As of January 2004, 272 tags (44%) were recovered, with fish at liberty from 2 days to 1.5 years. The tags, which collected time, depth, and temperature information, revealed behaviour patterns common to nearly all recaptured fish. Analysis of swimbladder function suggests that these patterns resulted from swimbladder ruptures and deflation. In most cases, fish immediately dived to the bottom and then, within hours, returned to shallower depths. Fish that subsequently descended back to the depth at which they were captured, did so at rates ranging from 4.9 to 23.2 m day−1. Observations of bubbles being released from cod as they neared the surface during capture, indicated that cod swimbladders can rupture. A series of X-rays taken of live cod immediately after capture and subsequently at 24 h, revealed that ruptured swimbladders were sealed within 24 h. The loss of gas from the swimbladder, and the subsequent loss in buoyancy, inhibited most cod from remaining near the bottom. Their quick return to shallow water after an initial escape response indicates either a need or preference to reside at a depth at which they are more neutrally buoyant. Although rates of descent were highly variable among individuals, smaller individuals tended to descend faster than larger ones. Rates of descent were most likely limited by the secretion rate of gas into the swimbladder. Future tagging work for species such as Pacific cod need to recognize the recuperation period that is necessary before natural vertical or horizontal migrations can be evaluated.
Cervicography as an adjunctive test to visual inspection with acetic acid in cervical cancer detection screening
Authors: Bomfim‐Hyppólito S. , Santana Franco E. , Gomes de Matos Meneses Franco R. , Matos de Albuquerque C. , Nunes G.C. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractObjective: Validate Digital Cervicography as adjunctive cervical cancer screening test to VIA and Cytology. Method: Women (1292) were submitted to both cytological and VIA tests to obtain a sample of 301 positive VIA cases (23.3%) which have had the Digital Cervicography (DC) taken and evaluated. Just cases considered positive by DC (149/301 cases — 49.5%) and/or positive Pap smear tests were referred to colposcopy and biopsy whenever indicated. Results: Cervical smear was positive in 5.4%, including LGSIL (4%), HGSIL (1%) and one case of invasive cancer (0.4%), and 1.6% of ASCUS or AGUS). DC identified 81 positive cases (74 LGSIL; 5 HGSIL; 2 cancers). The sensitivity of cytology was 14.8%, and the DC was 100%. Corresponding specificities were 95.4% and 69.1%, respectively. The NPV and PPV for DC were 100% and 54.4%. Conclusion: DC increases sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of VIA, becoming a valid adjunctive screening test for cervical cancer in low resource settings.
A taxonomy of manufacturing strategies in China
Authors: Zhao Xiande , Sum Chee‐Chuong , Qi Yinan , Zhang Huiying , Lee Tien‐Sheng 
Published: November 2005

AbstractA taxonomy not only provides a parsimonious description of strategic groups that is useful in discussion and research, but also aids theory building. However, taxonomic studies in the operations strategy literature are scarce. Major studies that use North American or European data to develop taxonomies of manufacturing strategies contend that the applicability of their identified taxonomies to other countries remains unclear. Furthermore, the construction of theory is not complete without regular verification and replication to account for competitive paradigm shifts and new environmental imperatives. In our study, we replicated the well‐acknowledged taxonomy of manufacturing strategies of [Miller, J.G., Roth, A.V., 1994. A taxonomy of manufacturing strategies, Management Science 40 (3), 285–304] using data from one of the world's fastest growing economies—China. A taxonomy of manufacturing strategies is identified and is found to be different from the strategic clusters of Caretakers, Marketeers and Innovators in Miller and Roth. The underlying dimensions that defined our clusters are also different from those in Miller and Roth. Our study also derived an interesting insight that a taxonomy that is based on realized strength rather than emphasis on competitive capabilities can better explain a company's financial performance.
Geoarchaeological evidence for dredging in Tyre's ancient harbour, Levant
Authors: Marriner Nick , Morhange Christophe 
Published: November 2005

AbstractChrono-stratigraphic data from Tyre's ancient northern harbour delineate extensive dredging practices during the Greco-Roman and Byzantine periods. Radiocarbon dates from four cores consistently cluster between ca. 500 B.C. and 1000 A.D. and indicate rapid rates of sedimentation in the basin, namely ∼10 mm/yr during the Greco-Roman and Byzantine periods, compared to 0.5–1 mm/yr for the period 6000–4000 B.C. Absence of strata between 4000 B.C. and 500 B.C. is not consistent with a natural base-level sediment sink and cannot be interpreted as a depositional hiatus in the high-stand systems tract. Ancient dredging is further corroborated by persistent age-depth inversions within the fine-grained harbour facies. These data support removal of Middle Bronze Age to Persian period sediment strata, with deliberate overdeepening of the harbour bottom by Greco-Roman and Byzantine societies.
Lack of BRCA2 alterations in primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Nawroz‐Danish H. Myra , Koch Wayne M. , Westra William H. , Yoo George , Sidransky David 
Published: November 2005

We previously demonstrated that loss of 13q occurred in greater than 50% of primary head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Although the minimal region of loss at 13q14.1–14.3 included the Rb1 gene, Rb1 inactivation was found to be rare. To further investigate possible targets of 13q loss in head and neck cancer, 32 primary tumors were fine mapped by microsatellite analysis with the use of 10 new markers spanning the minimal region. Twenty‐one (66%) of 32 tumors displayed loss of heterozygosity and once again the minimal region of loss was confirmed to be 13q14.1–14.3. In addition to 6 monosomies, 11 tumors had regions of loss that either selectively deleted (one tumor) or stretched into the BRCA2 region 13q12–13 (10 tumors). Therefore we pursued investigation of the BRCA2 gene by a coupled transcription and translation assay of its largest exon (exon 11; 4932 base pairs) to detect functional truncations indicative of mutation in 37 primary head and neck tumors with 13q loss. These tumors included 17 of the 32 tumors recently analyzed and 20 other tumors with 13q loss from a previous study. Additionally, we performed the transcription and translation assay on five head and neck cancer cell lines. We found no alterations in exon 11 of the BRCA2 gene in any of the tumors or cell lines suggesting that perhaps another tumor suppressor gene on 13q is involved in head and neck cancer. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1998; 119:21–5.)
Vestibular adaptation to space in monkeys
Authors: Dai Mingjia , Raphan Theodore , Kozlovskaya Inessa , Cohen Bernard 
Published: November 2005

Otolith‐induced eye movements of rhesus monkeys were studied before and after the 1989 COSMOS 2044 and the 1992 to 1993 COSMOS 2229 flights. Two animals flew in each mission for approximately 2 weeks. After flight, spatial orientation of the angular vestibulo‐ocular reflex was altered. In one animal the time constant of postrotatory nystagmus, which had been shortened by head tilts with regard to gravity before flight, was unaffected by the same head tilts after flight. In another animal, eye velocity, which tended to align with a gravitational axis before flight, moved toward a body axis after flight. This shift of orientation disappeared by 7 days after landing. After flight, the magnitude of compensatory ocular counter‐rolling was reduced by about 70% in both dynamic and static tilts. Modulation in vergence in response to naso‐occipital linear acceleration during off‐vertical axis rotation was reduced by more than 50%. These changes persisted for 11 days after recovery. An up and down asymmetry of vertical nystagmus was diminished for 7 days. Gains of the semicircular canal‐induced horizontal and vertical angular vestibuloocular reflexes were unaffected in both flights, but the gain of the roll angular vestibuloocular reflex was decreased. These data indicate that there are short‐ and long‐term changes in otolith‐induced eye movements after adaptation to microgravity. These experiments also demonstrate the unique value of the monkey as a model for studying effects of vestibular adaptation in space. Eye movements can be measured in three dimensions in response to controlled vestibular and visual stimulation, and the results are directly applicable to human beings. Studies in monkeys to determine how otolith afferent input and central processing is altered by adaptation to microgravity should be an essential component of future space‐related research. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1998;119:65‐77.)
Isolated Cervical Tuberculosis in Patients with HIV Infection
Authors: SINGH BHUVANESH , Balwally Atul N. , Har‐El Gady , Lucente Frank E. 
Published: November 2005

OBJECTIVETuberculosis isolated to the head and neck region is common in patients with HIV infection. However, the management of isolated head and neck tuberculosis has not been reported in the literature. This study was done to describe the characteristics of tuberculosis isolated to the head and neck region in patients infected with HIV and to detect differences in presentation and diagnostic management based on the status of HIV infection at presentation.METHODSA retrospective study was performed including 38 patients infected with HIV who were seen with tuberculosis isolated to the head and neck region at two tertiary care centers during a 10‐year period. These patients were divided into two groups on the basis of the HIV status at presentation, which indirectly reflects the level of immunosuppression. Group 1 included 11 patients (29%) with AIDS at presentation. Group 2 included 27 patients (71%) with HIV infection but not AIDS.RESULTSThe cervical lymphatics were the most common site for isolated head and neck tuberculosis (89%), with the supraclavicular nodes most often involved (53%). Extralymphatic involvement was less common (11%), but involved a variety of anatomic locations (skin, spinal cord, larynx, parotid). The presenting history and physical examination had a low sensitivity for tuberculosis in patients with HIV infection, mainly because of the presence of multiple confounding factors. Purified protein derivative testing was highly sensitive for tuberculosis in patients with HIV infection alone (61%); however, its usefulness was diminished in patients with AIDS (14%; p = 0.03). Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy was 94% sensitive for diagnosing tuberculosis and was not affected by the status of HIV infection. Surgical biopsy was the gold standard for diagnosing tuberculosis but was associated with chronically draining fistulas in a significant number of cases (14%).CONCLUSIONSThese data suggest that tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of all head and neck lesions in patients infected with HIV, even in the absence of pulmonary involvement. Purified protein derivative testing should be done liberally in these patients, with realization that the sensitivity of purified protein derivative testing is reduced in patients with AIDS. Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy should be the key diagnostic test in this patient population, with open surgical biopsy reserved for highly suspicious cases in which other measures were not diagnostic. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1998;118:766‐70.)
Approach to the vestibular patient and driving: A patient perspective
Authors: Sindwani Raj , Parnes Lorne S. , Goebel Joel A. , Cass Stephen P. 
Published: November 2005

OBJECTIVESTo learn about the impact of dizziness on driving from a patient perspective and to present an approach to the vestibular patient and driving.DESIGNAn anonymous questionnaire completed by 265 dizzy patients at 3 different centers.RESULTSThe participants were experienced drivers who needed to drive to function normally (83%). Those with constant or severe dizziness comprised a higher risk group of drivers. Although few had ever been warned not to drive, 52% said that if they were warned to stop driving, they would not. Most thought that it was the doctor's role to report unsafe drivers to the authorities (P < 0.001, χ2 = 87.2670).CONCLUSIONSThe diagnosis of a vestibular disorder should not alone be grounds to suspend a patient's driver's license. Legislation should be amended to better reflect the views of doctors and patients alike.
Patterns of nodal metastasis and surgical management of the neck in supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma
Authors: Hicks Wesley L. , Kollmorgen Daniel R. , Kuriakose M. Abraham , Orner James , Bakamjian Vahram Y. , Winston Janet , Loree Thom R. 
Published: November 2005

BACKGROUNDAppropriate management of the clinically negative (N0) neck in supraglottic laryngeal cancer continues to be an area of controversy in head and neck surgery. Our treatment policy has been aggressive surgical management even in the clinically N0 neck.METHODSBetween 1971 and 1991, 104 patients had the primary diagnosis of supraglottic laryngeal cancer. Ninety of these patients received their treatment at Roswell Park Cancer Institute and are the subject of this retrospective review.RESULTSAll neoplasms included in this study were squamous cell cancers. The most common subsite involved with tumor in our series was the epiglottis, followed by the aryepiglottic folds and false cords. Supraglottic laryngectomy was performed of 29% of the cases; the remainder received total laryngectomy. Thirty‐six percent of the patients had pathologic stage I/II disease, and 64% had stage III/IV. The 5‐year survival rates were 100%, 81%, 73%, and 63% for stages I through IV, respectively. Fifty‐seven patients had clinically N0 disease at presentation; of these 34 underwent elective neck dissection, and the remaining 23 patients were observed. Of those patients receiving neck dissection, 30% (n = 10) were found to have histologically positive disease, and of the 23 patients observed, 30% (n = 7) had histologically positive regional (neck) disease. Of the 17 clinically N0 and pathologically N+ patients, 82% (14 of 17) had involvement of level I (submandibular triangle), and 100% had involvement of level II. The incidence of bilateral disease in the clinically N0 patient was 44%. There were no local failures.CONCLUSIONSThere is a high incidence of occult regional disease even in early‐stage supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. In the surgical management the clinically N0 neck, we presently recommend bilateral neck dissection of levels I through IV to adequately address those regions at highest risk for occult disease.
Management paradigms for posterior epistaxis: A comparison of costs and complications
Authors: Monte Eric D. , Belmont Michael J. , Wax Mark K. 
Published: November 2005

OBJECTIVESPosterior epistaxis is a common otolaryngologic emergency. Management is controversial because of the many treatment options available. These options vary in efficacy, rates of complications, and cost. Posterior nasal packing is the medical management most frequently used to control posterior epistaxis. It is associated with major complications, including stroke, myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, and death. Because of these potential complications, many otolaryngologists monitor patients with posterior nasal packing in the intensive care unit (ICU). However, the level of care used to monitor these patients is variable, and standards have not been established.METHODSFrom 1991 to 1997, 46 patients had posterior nasal packing placed to control epistaxis. Management, complications, and hospital charges were analyzed.RESULTSSix patients (13%) were admitted to the ICU, 2 (4%) were admitted for telemetry monitoring, and 38 (83%) were sent to the ENT ward for continuous pulse oximetry. Four major complications occurred (1 episode of syncope [emergency department], 2 arrhythmias [ICU], and 1 death [hospice]). Twenty‐six patients were treated with posterior packing in the ENT ward, at a mean cost of $2988. Fourteen patients underwent intervention (5 ligations, 6 endoscopic cauterizations, and 3 angiograms), with a mean cost of $5482. Six patients spent time in the ICU, with a mean cost of $8242. Patients treated in the ENT ward had significantly lower costs than those undergoing intervention (P = 0.017) or those admitted to the ICU (P = 0.020).CONCLUSIONWe propose that most patients with posterior epistaxis can be treated in specialized ENT wards. This can be done without increasing complications and with significantly decreased costs.
Central Nervous System Metabolic Activity after Cochlear Implantation in the Feline Neonatal Model
Authors: Baylor Jeffrey E. , McFeely William J. , Antonelli Patrick J. 
Published: November 2005

OBJECTIVETo determine the effects of deafening and cochlear implant stimulation on central nervous system (CNS) metabolic activity in the feline neonate model.BACKGROUNDDeafening of fetal animals has been shown to result in acute, profound depression of CNS glucose metabolism, in both auditory structures and the cerebral hemispheres. Preliminary studies have suggested that electrical stimulation of the auditory system may increase central nervous metabolic activity after deafening. The purpose of this study was to investigate this possibility.METHODSThis was a prospective, randomized, blinded, and controlled animal study of 13 random‐source newborn kittens. It was set in an animal research facility for otologic disorders.OUTCOMEDeoxyglucose metabolism (assessed with autoradiograph densitometry) of brain cross‐sections of normal, deafened, and deafened and cochlear‐implanted animals after 6 weeks of auditory stimulation or deprivation.RESULTSChronic deafening did not result in a profound reduction in CNS metabolic activity. Cochlear implantation and electrical stimulation did not significantly raise the level of CNS metabolic activity within either auditory pathways or the cerebral hemispheres.CONCLUSIONSDeafening is not associated with significant chronic reduction in CNS metabolic activity. Other parameters of CNS activity and maturation may be necessary to assess the effects of cochlear implantation and stimulation in animal models.
Early Detection and Treatment of Postoperative Pharyngocutaneous Fistula
Authors: Friedman Michael , Venkatesan T. K. , Yakovlev Alexander , Lim Jessica W. , Tanyeri Hasan M. , Caldarelli David D. 
Published: November 2005

Fever during the early postoperative period traditionally has not been considered an indication of a postoperative wound infection or breakdown. Atelectasis is considered the most likely source for these early fevers. We studied 200 consecutive patients who underwent major head and neck surgery that involved reconstruction with a pharyngeal suture line. Patients were divided into 2 groups: those who had preoperative irradiation and those who did not. All patients had prophylactic antibiotic coverage, and all patients had identical suture material for closure. We showed a high correlation between fever (>101.5°F) that developed in the first 48 hours and eventual fistula formation and wound infection. We also studied length of hospitalization and number of days until decannulation and resumption of oral feedings. Our data indicate that in those patients in whom fistulas developed, early detection led to earlier healing and rehabilitation.
Long‐Term Follow‐Up of Submandibular Duct Rerouting for the Treatment of Sialorrhea in the Pediatric Population
Authors: Mankarious L A. , Bottrill Ian D. , Huchzermeyer Phillipa M. , Bailey C. Martin 
Published: November 2005

OBJECTIVETo determine the long‐term control of sialorrhea in children who underwent submandibular duct rerouting (SMDR) and to identify potential preoperative predictors of outcome.DESIGNRetrospective chart review of children who underwent SMDR; information updated by discussion with the permanent caregiver.SETTINGTertiary care center.PATIENTSChildren who had significant sialorrhea resulting from a variety of neuromuscular disabilities between January 1980 and December 1995.OUTCOMEWe report the outcome on 59 patients who underwent SMDR for the treatment of sialorrhea. Patients were ascribed a preoperative sialorrhea and global neurologic deficit score. Postoperative outcome was scored as marked, moderate, no improvement, or worse. Twenty‐eight of 59 (47.4%), 28 of 59 (47.4%), and 3 of 59 (5.1%) of the patients had preoperative sialorrhea scores of 3 (profuse), 2 (moderate), and 1 (mild), respectively. Twenty of 59 (33.9%), 29 of 59 (49.2%), and 10 of 59 (16.9%) had preoperative scores of 3 (severe), 2 (moderate), and 1 (mild) neurologic impairment, respectively. Mean time to follow‐up of the 59 patients was 5.46 years. Postoperative improvement scores were as follows: 50.8% had marked, 28.8% had moderate, and 20% had no to minimal improvement in their sialorrhea. Two patients were transiently worse. A complication rate of 11.3% (9 of 79) was demonstrated: 7 ranulae, 1 transient swelling of the floor of the mouth, and 1 submandibular gland infection. The preoperative global neurologic deficit score was found to be more predictive of surgical outcome than sialorrhea score.