bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced bondability between inorganic particles and a polysaccharide substrate by encapsulation with regenerated cellulose
Authors: Nelson Kimberly , Deng Yulin 
Published: November 2007

AbstractInorganic fillers are widely used in coatings, paints, printing inks, and papermaking. A general problem in such applications is the poor compatibility and weak bondability of the filler with polymeric substrates. Surface modification and encapsulation are common methods adapted to enhance interactions between the filler surface and the substrate. This article presents a bondability improvement between inorganic particles and a polysaccharide substrate by the use of cellulose‐coated, inorganic core–shell nanoparticles. The crystallinity of the coated carbohydrate layer is shown to significantly affect the bondability of the core–shell particles. The impact of the coating layer on the light scattering efficiency has also been studied with theoretical Mie scattering calculations. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Miuraenamides: Antimicrobial Cyclic Depsipeptides Isolated from a Rare and Slightly Halophilic Myxobacterium
Authors: Ojika Makoto , Inukai Yasutaka , Kito Yuko , Hirata Masayuki , Iizuka Takashi , Fudou Ryosuke 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMarine myxobacteria are rare culture‐resistant microorganisms, several strains of which have been identified by research groups in Asia. Paraliomyxa miuraensis, a slightly halophilic myxobacterium discovered in Japan, produces the cyclic hybrid polyketide–peptide antibiotics known as miuraenamides A and B, whose taxonomical and biological characteristics have been reported previously. Herein, we describe the chemical characterization of these two miuraenamides and introduce four new members of the miuraenamide family. We carried out the complete structural analysis of miuraenamides A and B on the basis of NMR spectroscopic analysis and elucidated the absolute configuration of miuraenamide A by chemical derivatization and subsequent use of the modified Mosher method or the Marfey method. Miuraenamides C–F were isolated from the same strain of the bacterium as miuraenamides A and B. The structure–antimicrobial‐activity relationships of the six natural metabolites and four chemically derived compounds demonstrated the importance of both the macrocyclic structure and the β‐methoxyacrylate moiety.
Cluster analysis of hydration waters around the active sites of bacterial alanine racemase using a 2‐ns MD simulation
Authors: Huang Hung‐Chung , Jupiter Daniel , Qiu Meikang , Briggs James M. , VanBuren Vincent 
Published: November 2007

AbstractStructural data produced by a 2‐ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulation on Geobacillus alanine racemase (AlaR; PDB: 1SFT) was used to study hydration around the two AlaR active sites. AlaR is a crucial enzyme for bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. It has been shown previously that the potency of an inhibitor can be increased by incorporating a functional group or atom that displaces hydration sites close to the substrate binding pocket of its target enzyme. The complete linkage algorithm was used for cluster analysis of the active site water positions from 126 solvent configurations sampled at regular intervals from the 2‐ns MD simulation. Crystal waters in the 1SFT X‐ray structure occupy most of the tightly bound water sites that were discovered. We show here that tightly bound water sites can be identified by cluster analysis of MD‐generated coordinates starting with data supplied by a single X‐ray structure, and we predict a highly conserved hydration site close to the carboxyl oxygen of L‐Ala substrate. This approach holds promise for accelerating the drug design process. We also discuss an analysis of the well‐known notion of residence time and introduce a new measure called retention time. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 89: 210–219, 2008.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Iron(II) Complexes with Bio‐Inspired N,N,O Ligands as Oxidation Catalysts: Olefin Epoxidation and cis‐Dihydroxylation
Authors: Bruijnincx Pieter C. A. , Buurmans Inge L. C. , Gosiewska Silvia , Moelands Marcel A. H. , Lutz Martin , Spek Anthony L. , van Koten Gerard , Klein Gebbink Robertus J. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe Rieske dioxygenases are a group of non‐heme iron enzymes, which catalyze the stereospecific cis‐dihydroxylation of its substrates. Herein, we report the iron(II) coordination chemistry of the ligands 3,3‐bis(1‐methylimidazol‐2‐yl)propionate (L1) and its neutral propyl ester analogue propyl 3,3‐bis(1‐methylimidazol‐2‐yl)propionate (PrL1). The molecular structures of two iron(II) complexes with PrL1 were determined and two different coordination modes of the ligand were observed. In [FeII(PrL1)2](BPh4)2 (3) the ligand is facially coordinated to the metal with an N,N,O donor set, whereas in [FeII(PrL1)2(MeOH)2](OTf)2 (4) a bidentate N,N binding mode is found. In 4, the solvent molecules are in a cis arrangement with respect to each other. Complex 4 is a close structural mimic of the crystallographically characterized non‐heme iron(II) enzyme apocarotenoid‐15–15′‐oxygenase (APO). The mechanistic features of APO are thought to be similar to those of the Rieske oxygenases, the original inspiration for this work. The non‐heme iron complexes [FeII(PrL1)2](OTf)2 (2) and [FeII(PrL1)2](BPh4)2 (3) were tested in olefin oxidation reactions with H2O2 as the terminal oxidant. Whereas 2 was an active catalyst and both epoxide and cis‐dihydroxylation products were observed, 3 showed negligible activity under the same conditions, illustrating the importance of the anion in the reaction.
A New Fluorescent Calix Crown Ether: Synthesis and Complex Formation with Alkali Metal Ions
Authors: Stoll Ion , Eberhard Jens , Brodbeck Ralf , Eisfeld Wolfgang , Mattay Jochen 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe synthesised a new N‐benzylaza‐21‐crown‐7 ether 5 with a dihydroxy coumarin as a fluorescence sensor and investigated the binding behaviour towards alkali metal cations in methanol by fluorescence titrations. The association constants are within one order of magnitude, with the exception of sodium. Potassium is the preferred binding partner (KNa=330 M−1; KK=8600 M−1; KRb=8200 M−1; KCs=4400 M−1). The corresponding aza‐21‐crown‐7 ether (6) was attached by a methylene unit to a resorcarene to give fluorescent calix crown ether 12. The binding abilities of the calix crown ether towards alkali metal ions in methanol have also been investigated, and an increasing complex stability, distinct for potassium and rubidium in comparison with 5, was found: KNa=440 M−1; KK=110 000 M−1; KRb=63 000 M−1; KCs=20 000 M−1. Like bis(crown ether)s, a cooperative complexation of the crown ether and the cavitand scaffold can be assumed. The proposed complex geometry is supported by Kohn–Sham DFT calculations for the potassium and caesium complexes.
Development of “Pinceaux” formations and dendritic translocation of climbing fibers during the acquisition of the balance between glutamatergic and γ‐aminobutyric acidergic inputs in developing Purkinje cells
Authors: Sotelo Constantino 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe acquisition of the dynamic balance between excitation and inhibition in developing Purkinje cells, necessary for their proper function, is analyzed. Newborn (P0) mouse cerebellum contains glutamatergic (VGLUT2‐IR) and γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)‐ergic (VIAAT‐IR) axons. The former prevail and belong to climbing fibers, whereas the latter neither colabel with calbindin‐expressing fibers nor belong to axons of the cortical GABAergic interneurons. During the first postnatal week, VIAAT‐IR axons in the Purkinje cell neighborhood remains very low, and the first synapses with basket fibers are formed at P7, when climbing fibers have already established dense pericellular nets. The descending basket fibers reach the Purkinje cell axon initial segment by P9, immediately establishing axoaxonic synapses. The pinceaux appear as primitive vortex‐like arrangements by P12, and by P20 interbasket fiber septate‐like junctions, typical of fully mature pinceaux, are still missing. The climbing fiber's somatodendritic translocation occurs later than expected, after the regression of the multiple innervation, and follows the ascending collaterals of the basket axons, which are apparently the optimal substrate for the proper subcellular targeting of the climbing fibers. These results emphasize that chemical transmission in the axon initial segment precedes the electrical inhibition generated by field effects. In addition, GABAergic Purkinje cells, as opposed to glutamatergic projection neurons in other cortical structures, do not begin to receive their excitation to inhibition balance until the end of the first postnatal week, despite the early presence of potentially functional GABAergic axons that possess the required vesicular transport system. J. Comp. Neurol. 506:240–262, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Morphological types and connectivity of horizontal cells found in the adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) retina
Authors: Song Philip I. , Matsui Jonathan I. , Dowling John E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe describe here different types of horizontal cells in the zebrafish retina and how they connect to photoreceptors. To label horizontal cells, crystals of DiI were placed onto the tips of pulled glass pipettes and inserted into the inner nuclear layer of fixed whole‐mount retinas. The DiI‐labeled horizontal cells were imaged by confocal microscopy and analyzed according to dendritic arborization, cell depth, dendritic terminal morphology, and connectivity with photoreceptors. Three types of horizontal cells were unequivocally identified: two cone‐connecting (H1/2 and H3) and one rod‐related cell. H1/2 cells have dendritic terminals that are arranged in “rosette” clusters and that connect to cone photoreceptors without any apparent specificity. H3 cells are larger and have dendritic terminal doublets arranged in a rectilinear pattern. This pattern corresponds to the mosaic of the single cones in the zebrafish photoreceptor mosaic and indicates that H3 cells connect specifically to either the blue‐sensitive (long‐single) or ultraviolet‐sensitive (short‐single) cones. Thus, H3 cells are likely to be chromaticity‐type cells that process specific color information, whereas H1/2 cells are probably luminosity‐type cells that process luminance information. Rod horizontal cells were identified by their shape and dendritic pattern, and they connect with numerous rod photoreceptors via small spherical terminals. J. Comp. Neurol. 506:328–338, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Postnatal subventricular zone progenitors give rise not only to granular and periglomerular interneurons but also to interneurons in the external plexiform layer of the rat olfactory bulb
Authors: Yang Zhengang 
Published: November 2007

AbstractInterneurons in the granule cell layer (GCL) and glomerular layer (GL) of the olfactory bulb (OB) are generated from progenitors in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle. However, little is known about the origin of interneurons in the external plexiform layer (EPL) of the OB. On the basis of the concept of corticogenesis, I hypothesized that interneurons in the EPL of the rodent OB also originate in the SVZ. In the present study, replication‐incompetent retroviruses encoding a marker gene, human placental alkaline phosphatase (AP), were injected into the lateral ventricles of postnatal day 4 Wistar rats to label dividing cells in the SVZ. Two days after injection, some of the AP‐labeled cells had migrated into the OB. Five weeks after injection, AP/NeuN double‐labeled cells were found not only in the GCL and GL but also in the EPL of the OB. In the EPL, most AP‐labeled cells were calcium‐binding protein parvalbumin (PV)‐immunoreactive (+) interneurons. A subset of these cells was made up of calcium‐binding protein calretinin (CR)+ interneurons. According to their structural features, AP‐labeled cells in the EPL were Van Gehuchten cells, multipolar cells, and superficial short‐axon cells. Thus, postnatal SVZ progenitors give rise not only to granular and periglomerular interneurons but also to interneurons in the EPL of the OB. Furthermore, these results suggest that SVZ progenitors give rise to virtually all subpopulations of interneurons in the OB. J. Comp. Neurol. 506:347–358, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biocytin wide‐field bipolar cells in rabbit retina selectively contact blue cones
Authors: MacNeil Margaret A. , Gaul Paulette A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA wide‐field bipolar cell in rabbit retina (green) selectively contacts a blue cone (magenta/turquoise). J. Comp. Neurol. 506:6–15, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Algorithm for analysis of periodic oscillations of structural systems with geometric nonlinearity
Authors: Ragulskis Minvydas , Ragulskis Kazimieras 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn algorithm for analysis of periodic oscillations of forced elastic systems with geometric nonlinearity is presented in this paper. Modal decomposition of the solution, computation of periodic oscillations for every eigenmode and estimation of geometric nonlinearities using the method of initial deformations enable to construct a computational technique that can be very effective in computation of steady‐state periodic motions of slightly damped structures under periodic forcing. It is shown that the developed algorithm can be successfully exploited for the calculation of structural response of a micromechanical cantilever. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Developing human nature: “Development to” versus “Development from?”
Authors: Michel George F. , Tyler Amber N. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractEvolutionary psychology (EP) emphasizes that socio‐cultural experiences are constrained by the characteristics of the individual. Therefore, cultural experience acts on a nervous system biased to respond to in particular ways (i.e., human nature). For EP, evolutionary lineage and adaptive significance explain the development of such human nature (a “development to” approach). Gottlieb, and others in Developmental psychobiology (DPB), have explained the development of “instinctive” behavior patterns of a wide variety of animals using a “development from” approach. The DPB approach does not contradict a human nature that reflects an evolutionary heritage with adaptive value. We present three examples that demonstrate how a DPB approach to development accounts both for the expression of patterns specific to the individual as well as patterns that are species‐typical (human nature, for humans) without shifting explanatory constructs and frameworks. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 49: 788–799, 2007.
Developmental psychobiology special issue: “Gilbert gottlieb's legacy: Probabilistic epigenesis and the development of individuals and species”
Authors: Lickliter Robert , Logan Cheryl 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA tribute to the career of Gilbert Gottlieb represented in the contributions to developmental science of his former students and colleagues. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 49: 747–748, 2007.
Synthesis and separation in the history of “nature” and “nurture”
Authors: Logan Cheryl A. , Johnston Timothy D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFor much of the 20th century scientific psychology treated the relative contributions of nature and nurture to the development of phenotypes as the result of two quite separate sources of influence. One, nature, was linked to biological perspectives, often manifest as “instinct”, while the other, nurture, was taken to reflect psychological influences. We argue that this separation was contingent on historical circumstance. Prior to about 1920, several perspectives in biology and psychology promoted the synthesis of nature and nurture. But between 1930 and 1980 that synthetic consensus was lost in America as numerous influences converged to promote a view that identified psychological and biological aspects of mind and behavior as inherently separate. Around 1960, during the hegemony of behaviorism, Daniel Lehrman, Gilbert Gottlieb, and other pioneers of developmental psychobiology developed probabilistic epigenesis to reject predeterminist notions of instinct and restore a synthesis. We describe the earlier and later periods of synthesis and discuss several influences that led to the separation of nature and nurture in the middle of the 20th century. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 49: 758–769, 2007.
Minimal role for STAT1 in interleukin‐6 signaling and actions in the murine brain
Authors: Sanz Elisenda , Hofer Markus J. , Unzeta Mercedes , Campbell Iain L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractInterleukin (IL)‐6 is a pleiotropic cytokine whose production by astrocytes in the CNS of transgenic mice (termed GF‐IL6) causes neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. The binding of IL‐6 to its receptor (IL6R) triggers gp130‐mediated activation of STAT1 and STAT3 as well as SHP2 phosphatase and ERK1/2. We determined the relative contribution of STAT1 to IL‐6 signaling and actions in vivo in the brain of GF‐IL6 mice. GF‐IL6 mice that were null for STAT1 (termed GF‐IL6STAT1 KO) were viable, bred normally and physically indistinguishable from GF‐IL6 controls. The level of phosphotyrosine (p‐Y) STAT1 was increased significantly in GF‐IL6 mice but not detectable in GF‐IL6STAT1 KO animals. Phospho‐STAT3 and phospho‐ERK1/2 were increased markedly in GF‐IL6 mice and were not altered by the absence of STAT1. Both the density and distribution of phospho‐STAT3‐positive cells (mainly astrocytes, microglia and endothelial cells) was similar in GF‐IL6 and GF‐IL6STAT1 KO mice. Despite a minor decrease in IL‐1 and TNF mRNA, the overall inflammatory phenotype of GF‐IL6 mice was not altered significantly by the absence of STAT1. IFN‐regulated genes activated by STAT1 homodimers via the GAS element (e.g. CXCL9) showed a small increase in GF‐IL6 but not GF‐IL6STAT1 KO animals. When compared with transgenic mice with astrocyte‐targeted production of the type I IFN, IFN‐α, the increased levels of p‐Y‐STAT1 and IFN‐regulated gene expression were considerably lower in GF‐IL6 mice. In conclusion, although IL‐6 can activate STAT1 this plays minimal, if any, role in IL‐6 signaling and actions in the CNS. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The ameboid phenotype of NG2 (+) cells in the region of apoptotic dentate granule neurons in trimethyltin intoxicated mice shares antigen properties with microglia/macrophages
Authors: Fiedorowicz Anna , Figiel Izabela , Zaremba Małgorzata , Dzwonek Karolina , Oderfeld‐Nowak Barbara 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNG2+, stellate cells present in the adult central nervous system (CNS) have been recently recognized as a distinct glial class, identified as multipotent progenitor cells. Antigenically, they are indistinguishable from oligodendroglia progenitor cells. In response to a variety of CNS insults, these cells become rapidly activated and undergo morphological changes accompanied by increased cellular proliferation. The role they play with respect to injured neurons is not clear. In our studies, we performed immunocytochemical investigations and identified a response of NG2‐expressing cells in the model of selective neurodegeneration of murine dentate gyrus granule cells induced by systemic administration of trimethyltin. Dying neurons exhibited features of apoptotic cells. Around the region of neurodegeneration, we observed activation of NG2+ stellate cells and microglia. During the peak of apoptosis, we detected the appearance of NG2+ cells of the ameboid phenotype, intermingled with granule neurons. These cells also expressed markers of microglia/macrophages, OX42‐ and ED1‐recognized antigens, an antigen recognized by O4 antibody—a marker of more differentiated cells of the oligodendroglia lineage and, in some cases, also a protein of mature oligodendroglia adenomatus polyposis coli. They also expressed nestin. Our results suggest that the injury induces a parallel transformation of both the activated glial classes: NG2+ stellate cells and resident microglia, into ameboid cells, sharing properties of both oligodendrocyte and monocyte lineages. These cells may play a role in the phagocytosis. If this assumption is verified by electron microscopy, it would indicate a novel function of NG2 transformed cells under CNS injury conditions. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Upregulation of discoidin domain receptor 2 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Chua Huey‐Huey , Yeh Te‐Huei , Wang Ying‐Piao , Huang Yu‐Tzu , Sheen Tzung‐Shiahn , Lo You‐Chang , Chou Ya‐Ching , Tsai Ching‐Hwa 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBackground.Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is associated with Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) and has high metastatic potential. Discoidin domain receptors (DDR1, DDR2) are receptor‐type tyrosine kinases activated by collagen. Their ability to induce expression of matrix metalloproteinase is related with tumor invasion. Therefore, we aim to investigate DDRs gene expression and its regulation in NPC.Methods and Results.By use of real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q‐PCR), DDR2 gene expression but not DDR1 was significantly higher in primary and metastatic NPC. DDR2 was predominantly distributed in NPC tumor cells rather than in infiltrating lymphocytes. EBV Z‐transactivator (Zta) transfection may distinctly elevate DDR2 level. Furthermore, data from reporter assay indicate that Zta could transactivate DDR2 promoter activity, suggesting the possible upregulation mechanism.Conclusion.DDR2 was differentially upregulated in NPC and modulated by EBV Zta protein. DDR2 may play a role in NPC invasion and serve as a diagnostic and therapeutic target. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008
Stormflow generation in two headwater catchments in eastern Amazonia, Brazil
Authors: Wickel A. J. , van de Giesen N. C. , Sá T. D. d. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThroughout the tropics, and the Amazon region in particular, only a few experimental studies have identified the main hydrological pathways and response to storm events. This study identifies the hydrological response patterns and quantifies the main runoff generating processes for two headwater catchments in eastern Amazonia, an area of low relief. Over an 18 month study period, 245 and 55 rainfall–runoff events at the respective headwater catchments were analysed. The rainfall‐runoff regression lines for both catchments revealed a remarkably strong linear correlation between event rain total and runoff volume. The area contributing to stormflow was proven to be constant in extent at approximately 0·6% of the catchment and to coincide with the exact extent of the riparian wetland zone. The soils of the surrounding hillslopes were found to be highly permeable oxisols. Indications of secondary permeability due to the deep root system of the secondary vegetation were also found. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Volatility in the Euro area money market: effects from the monetary policy operational framework
Authors: Durré Alain , Nardelli Stefano 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper deals with the evolution of the realized volatility of the overnight interest rates in the Euro area money market using intraday data. It analyses in particular the pattern of the volatility of the overnight interest rate before and after the introduction of the structural changes to the Eurosystem's operational framework in March 2004. Using univariate and multivariate regressions, the results suggest that the level of the volatility of the overnight interest rate has significantly decreased after March 2004, whereas the sensitivity of the overnight interest rate has increased, especially over the last days of the reserve maintenance periods. Moreover, there is no evidence according to which the volatility of the overnight interest rate is transmitted to the volatility of money market interest rates at longer maturities. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.