bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro assessment of clastogenicity of mobile‐phone radiation (835 MHz) using the alkaline comet assay and chromosomal aberration test
Authors: Kim Ji‐Young , Hong Sae‐Yong , Lee Young‐Mi , Yu Shin‐Ae , Koh Woo Suk , Hong Joong‐Rak , Son Taeho , Chang Sung‐Keun , Lee Michael 
Published: January 2008

AbstractRecently we demonstrated that 835‐MHz radiofrequency radiation electromagnetic fields (RF‐EMF) neither affected the reverse mutation frequency nor accelerated DNA degradation in vitro. Here, two kinds of cytogenetic endpoints were further investigated on mammalian cells exposed to 835‐MHz RF‐EMF (the most widely used communication frequency band in Korean CDMA mobile phone networks) alone and in combination with model clastogens: in vitro alkaline comet assay and in vitro chromosome aberration (CA) test. No direct cytogenetic effect of 835‐MHz RF‐EMF was found in the in vitro CA test. The combined exposure of the cells to RF‐EMF in the presence of ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) revealed a weak and insignificant cytogenetic effect when compared to cells exposed to EMS alone in CA test. Also, the comet assay results to evaluate the ability of RF‐EMF alone to damage DNA were nearly negative, although showing a small increase in tail moment. However, the applied RF‐EMF had potentiation effect in comet assay when administered in combination with model clastogens (cyclophosphamide or 4‐nitroquinoline 1‐oxide). Thus, our results imply that we cannot confidently exclude any possibility of an increased risk of genetic damage, with important implications for the possible health effects of exposure to 835‐MHz electromagnetic fields. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2008.
Comparative study of bioconcentration and EROD activity induction in the Japanese flounder, red sea bream, and Java medaka exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Authors: Cheikyula J. Orkuma , Koyama Jiro , Uno Seiichi 
Published: January 2008

AbstractJapanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), red sea bream (Pagrus major), and Java medaka (Oryzias javanicus) were exposed to water borne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) for 10 days to compare PAH bioconcentration and P450 enzyme induction by ethoxyresorufin‐O‐deethylase (EROD) activity for use in oil spill biomonitoring in Asian waters. Target exposure concentration for phenanthrene, pyrene, and chrysene were 30 μg/L each, while benzo[a]pyrene was 3.0 μg/L. Phenanthrene and pyrene were accumulated in the flounder and red sea bream; chrysene was found only in the livers of the red sea bream, while Java medaka accumulated the high molecular weight benzo[a]pyrene along with the other PAHs. Total PAH concentrations increased with duration of exposure in the red sea bream from 184 ± 37 ng/g wet weight (w.w.) in day 2 to 572 ± 72 ng/g (w.w.) in day 10; It, however, decreased in the other two species. Among the three fish species, Java medaka had the highest initial total PAH concentration of 388 ± 62 ng/g (w.w.); this was, however, reduced to the lowest final concentration of 52.3 ± 3 ng/g (w.w.). It also had the highest EROD activity of 4.2 ± 2.8 n mol/min/mg protein compared to the lowest of 0.11 ± 0.03 n mol/min/mg protein in the Japanese flounder. Java medaka with high EROD activity induction and bioaccumulation of all PAHs will be suitable for PAH biomonitoring in Asian waters. Due to its high PAH bioconcentration red sea bream is also recommended for consideration for biomonitoring and PAH chronic toxicity tests. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2008.
Alteration of proteins expression in apoptotic FL cells induced by MCLR
Authors: Xing Ming‐Luan , Wang Xiao‐Feng , Xu Li‐Hong 
Published: January 2008

AbstractMicrocystins (MCs) are a family of monocyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxins produced by freshwater species of cyanobacteria. Microcystin‐LR (MCLR) is the most frequently studied and most toxic in over 80 MC congeners. Great deals of studies have demonstrated that MCLR can induce apoptosis in a wide variety of cell types. Although much evidence indicates that mitochondria play a pivotal role in MCLR‐induced apoptosis, the complicated apoptosis mechanisms induced by MCLR have not been completely characterized. It is possible that there are other apoptotic pathways existing in MCLR‐induced apoptosis. The present study was undertaken to determine the expression of PP2A, CHOP, Bax, Bcl‐2, and p53 proteins in MCLR‐induced apoptosis in FL cells. The results showed that MCLR could induce apoptosis in FL cells and the process was accompanied with the upregulation of PP2A, Bax, and p53 proteins and the downregulation of Bcl‐2 proteins. In addition, the CHOP protein was upregulated at most treatment groups and decreased at the highest concentration group. These results, especially the alteration of PP2A and CHOP proteins might provide new insights into MCLR‐induced apoptosis. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 2008.
Response of antioxidant enzymes, ascorbate and glutathione metabolism towards cadmium in hyperaccumulator and nonhyperaccumulator ecotypes of Sedum alfredii H.
Authors: Jin Xiaofen , Yang Xiaoe , Mahmood Qaisar , Islam Ejazul , Liu Dan , Li Hong 
Published: January 2008

AbstractHydroponics studies were conducted to investigate the antioxidant adaptations, ascorbate and glutathione metabolism in hyperaccumulating ecotype of Sedum alfredii (HE) exposed to high Cd environment, when compared with its nonhyperaccumulating ecotype (NHE). Exposure to Cd induced a burst of oxidative stress in both ecotypes which was evident by the sharp increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents and lipid peroxidation. Buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of glutathione (GSH) synthesis, did not affect H2O2 concentrations as well as growth of both ecotypes in the absence of Cd. However, compared with Cd application alone, BSO combined with Cd treatment caused a substantial augmentation of H2O2 accumulation accompanied by a reduction in Cd concentrations in roots and leaves of HE at the end of treatment, which may rule out the possibility that GSH biosynthesis may play an important role as a signal of the stress regulation. No efficient and superior enzymatic antioxidant defense mechanisms against Cd‐imposed oxidative stress existed in both NHE and HE, but the essential nonenzymatic components like ascorbic acid (AsA) and GSH played a prominent role in tolerance against Cd. Cadmium stimulated a notable rise in AsA concentration in both ecotypes soon after the application of treatment. A preferential Cd‐stress response in HE was suggested to changes in the GSH pool, where acclimation was marked by increased GSH concentrations. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2008.
Inhibitory Effects of Cholesterol Derivatives on DNA Polymerase and Topoisomerase Activities, and Human Cancer Cell Growth
Authors: Ishimaru Chisato , Yonezawa Yuko , Kuriyama Isoko , Nishida Masayuki , Yoshida Hiromi , Mizushina Yoshiyuki 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThis paper describes the inhibitory activities of cholesterol derivatives such as cholesterol, sodium cholesteryl sulfate, cholesteryl‐5α, 6α‐epoxide, cholesteryl chloride, cholesteryl bromide, and cholesteryl hemisuccinate (compounds1–6, respectively) against DNA polymerase (pol), DNA topoisomerase (topo), and human cancer cell growth. Among the compounds tested, compounds2and6revealed themselves to be potent inhibitors of animal pols, and the IC50values for pols were 0.84–11.6 and 2.9–148 μM, respectively. Compounds2,3and6inhibited the activity of human topo II, with IC50values of 5.0, 12.5 and 120 μM, respectively. Compounds2,3and6also suppressed human cancer cell (promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL‐60) growth, and LD50values were 8.8, 20.2 and 72.3 μM, respectively, suggesting that cell growth inhibition had the same tendency as the inhibition of topos rather than pols. Compounds2and6arrested the cells in S and G2/M phases, compound3arrested the cells in the G2/M phase, and these compounds also increased sub‐G1 phase in the cell cycle. These results suggested that the effect of cell cycle arrest might be effective on both pols and topos activities. From these findings, the action mode of cholesterol derivatives as anti‐cancer compounds is discussed.
Mosses of sub-Antarctic Heard Island: an updated list and discussion of their distribution
Authors: Selkirk P.M. , Whinam J.P. , Downing A.J. , Skotnicki M.L. 
Published: January 2008

ABSTRACTDuring an early summer visit in 2000, mosses were collected from sites around Heard Island. Three species, Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum (Hedw.) P.C.Chen, Philonotis cf. tenuis (Taylor) Reichardt and Syntrichia filaris (Müll.Hall) R.H. Zander have been added to the list of moss species known from the island, bringing the total to 40 moss taxa. Syntrichia anderssonii (abcngström) R.H. Zander was found with sporophytes, whereas previously its sporophytes were known in the sub-Antarctic only from Macquarie Island. Extensions of range on Heard Island have been recorded for several species. There are few geographical differences in species composition between locations around the island, provided appropriate habitats exist.
Recent advances in understanding Antarctic climate evolution
Authors: Siegert Martin J. , Barrett Peter , DeConto Robert , Dunbar Robert , Ó Cofaigh Colm , Passchier Sandra , Naish Tim 
Published: January 2008

AbstractGeological evidence shows that the ice sheet and climate in Antarctica has changed considerably since the onset of glaciation around 34 million years ago. By analysing this evidence, important information concerning processes responsible for ice sheet growth and decay can be determined, which is vital for appreciating future changes in Antarctica. Geological records are diverse and their analyses require a variety of techniques. They are, however, essential for the establishment of hypotheses regarding past Antarctic changes. Numerical models of ice and climate are useful for testing such hypotheses, and in recent years there have been several advances in our knowledge relating to ice sheet history gained from these tests. This paper documents five case studies, employing a full range of techniques, to exemplify recent insights into Antarctic climate evolution from modelling ice sheet inception in the earliest Oligocene to quantifying Neogene ice sheet fluctuations and process-led investigations of recent (last glacial) changes.
Predicting aggressive behavior in the third year from infant reactivity and regulation as moderated by maternal behavior
Authors: Crockenberg Susan C. , Leerkes Esther M. , BÁrrig JÓ Patricia S. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe degree to which infant attention behaviors, together with infant reactivity to frustrating events, predict aggressive behavior at 2.5 years, and the moderating effect of maternal behavior were tested with 64 low-risk mothers and infants. Mothers rated infant negative reactivity at 5 months and aggressive behavior and maternal trait anger at 2.5 years; infant and maternal behaviors were observed at 6 months. Based on hierarchical multiple regressions, infantattention tofrustrating events at 6 months positively predicted aggressive behavior, whereaslooking away fromfrustrating events was associated with less aggressive behavior for girls only. High reactivity to limits predicted aggressive behavior only when mothers encouraged infant attentiontothe frustrating event, suggesting that maternal behavior amplifies developmental pathways associated with infant temperament.
Do maternal attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms exacerbate or ameliorate the negative effect of child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms on parenting?
Authors: Psychogiou Lamprini , Daley Dave M. , Thompson Margaret J. , Sonuga-Barke Edmund J. S. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe impact of similarity in parent and child characteristics on the quality of parenting is underresearched. The current study examined the interaction between mother and child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms on parenting. Two hypotheses were tested: the similarity-fit hypothesis, which predicted that parent and child similarity will improve parenting, and the similarity-misfit hypothesis, which predicted the opposite. Study 1 examined the associations between maternal and child ADHD symptoms and child-specific rearing attitudes of 95 mothers with school-aged children. In Study 2 this analysis was extended to more objective observer-rated mother–child interaction and maternal expressed emotion in 192 mothers of preschool children. Child ADHD symptoms were associated with negative maternal comments and maternal ADHD symptoms with negative expressed emotion. In both studies maternal ADHD symptoms appeared to ameliorate the effects of child ADHD symptoms on negative parenting. Parental response to children with high ADHD symptoms was more positive and affectionate when the mother also had high ADHD symptoms. The results support the similarity-fit hypothesis and highlight the importance of considering both child and maternal ADHD symptoms in studies of parenting.
Smoking during pregnancy and offspring externalizing problems: An exploration of genetic and environmental confounds
Authors: D'Onofrio Brian M. , Hulle Carol A. van , Waldman Irwin D. , Rodgers Joseph Lee , Harden K. Paige , Rathouz Paul J. , Lahey Benjamin B. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractPrevious studies have documented that smoking during pregnancy (SDP) is associated with offspring externalizing problems, even when measured covariates were used to control for possible confounds. However, the association may be because of nonmeasured environmental and genetic factors that increase risk for offspring externalizing problems. The current project used the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and their children, ages 4–10 years, to explore the relations between SDP and offspring conduct problems (CPs), oppositional defiant problems (ODPs), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity problems (ADHPs) using methodological and statistical controls for confounds. When offspring were compared to their own siblings who differed in their exposure to prenatal nicotine, there was no effect of SDP on offspring CP and ODP. This suggests that SDP does not have a causal effect on offspring CP and ODP. There was a small association between SDP and ADHP, consistent with a causal effect of SDP, but the magnitude of the association was greatly reduced by methodological and statistical controls. Genetically informed analyses suggest that unmeasured environmental variables influencing both SDP and offspring externalizing behaviors account for the previously observed associations. That is, the current analyses imply that important unidentified environmental factors account for the association between SDP and offspring externalizing problems, not teratogenic effects of SDP.
Relations between recurrent trauma exposure and recent life stress and salivary cortisol among children
Authors: Bevans Katherine , Cerbone Arleen , Overstreet Stacy 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe present study evaluated the independent and cumulative effects of recent life stress, previous trauma, and recent trauma exposure on salivary cortisol levels among school-aged children. Sixty-eight children (mean age = 10.7 years) reported their exposure to life stressors and traumatic events in the 12 months preceding the study. Children and their caregivers reported frequency of exposure to trauma earlier in life. Exposure to life stress within the past 12 months was related to higher afternoon cortisol levels. Exposure to high levels of recent trauma in combination with frequent exposure to trauma earlier in life was related to both lower morning cortisol levels and higher afternoon cortisol levels. Results suggest that frequency, duration, and severity of exposure to stress and trauma played key roles in the prediction of basal cortisol levels in a community sample of urban youth.
Immune evasion by pathogens of bovine respiratory disease complex
Authors: Srikumaran Subramaniam , Kelling Clayton L. , Ambagala Aruna 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBovine respiratory tract disease is a multi-factorial disease complex involving several viruses and bacteria. Viruses that play prominent roles in causing the bovine respiratory disease complex include bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus and parinfluenza-3 virus. Bacteria that play prominent roles in this disease complex areMannheimia haemolyticaandMycoplasma bovis. Other bacteria that infect the bovine respiratory tract of cattle areHistophilus(Haemophilus)somniandPasteurella multocida. Frequently, severe respiratory tract disease in cattle is associated with concurrent infections of these pathogens. Like other pathogens, the viral and bacterial pathogens of this disease complex have co-evolved with their hosts over millions of years. As much as the hosts have diversified and fine-tuned the components of their immune system, the pathogens have also evolved diverse and sophisticated strategies to evade the host immune responses. These pathogens have developed intricate mechanisms to thwart both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune responses of their hosts. This review presents an overview of the strategies by which the pathogens suppress host immune responses, as well as the strategies by which the pathogens modify themselves or their locations in the host to evade host immune responses. These immune evasion strategies likely contribute to the failure of currently-available vaccines to provide complete protection to cattle against these pathogens.
Mycoplasma bovispneumonia in cattle
Authors: Caswell Jeff L. , Archambault Marie 
Published: January 2008

AbstractMycoplasma bovisis an important and emerging cause of respiratory disease and arthritis in feedlot cattle and young dairy and veal calves, and has a variety of other disease manifestations in cattle.M. bovisis certainly capable of causing acute respiratory disease in cattle, yet the attributable fraction has been difficult to estimate. In contrast,M. bovisis more accepted as a cause of chronic bronchopneumonia with caseous and perhaps coagulative necrosis, characterized by persistent infection that seems poorly responsive to many antibiotics. An understanding of the disease has been recently advanced by comparisons of natural and experimentally induced disease, development of molecular diagnostic tools, and understanding some aspects of virulence, yet uncertainties regarding protective immunity, the importance of genotypic diversity, mechanisms of virulence, and the role of co-pathogens have restricted our understanding of pathogenesis and our ability to effectively control the disease. This review critically considers the relationship betweenM. bovisinfection and the various manifestations of the bovine respiratory disease complex, and addresses the pathogenesis, clinical and pathologic sequelae, laboratory diagnosis and control of disease resulting fromM. bovisinfection in the bovine respiratory tract.
Enhancement of jellyfish (Aurelia aurita) populations by extensive aquaculture rafts in a coastal lagoon in Taiwan
Authors: Lo Wen-Tseng , Purcell Jennifer E. , Hung Jia-Jang , Su Huei-Meei , Hsu Pei-Kai 
Published: January 2008

Abstract
Lo, W-T., Purcell, J. E., Hung, J-J., Su, H-M., and Hsu, P-K. 2008. Enhancement of jellyfish (Aurelia aurita) populations by extensive aquaculture rafts in a coastal lagoon in Taiwan. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 453–461. Blooms of the moon jellyfish, Aurelia aurita, often occur in coastal waters that are heavily affected by human construction, such as harbours. Tapong Bay is a hypertrophic lagoon in southwestern Taiwan that was studied between August 1999 and September 2004. The removal of extensive oyster-culture rafts in June 2002 provided a “natural” experiment to examine the effects of aquaculture on processes and communities in the lagoon. The removal caused many changes in the ecosystem, including increases in flushing, light penetration, dissolved oxygen, salinity, chlorophyll a, primary production, and zooplankton, but decreases in nutrients, periphyton, and dramatically reduced populations of bivalves, zooplanktivorous fish, and jellyfish (A. aurita). We conclude that environmental and trophic conditions were favourable for jellyfish throughout the study period. Therefore, we believe that aquaculture rafts enhanced jellyfish populations by three probable mechanisms: the rafts provided substrate and shading for the larval settlement and polyp colony formation, and the rafts restricted water exchange in the lagoon. Aquaculture is increasing rapidly in Asia, and the problems associated with jellyfish may also increase.
Delaunay ends of constant mean curvature surfaces
Authors: Kilian M. , Rossman W. , Schmitt N. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe generalized Weierstrass representation is used to analyze the asymptotic behavior of a constant mean curvature surface that arises locally from an ordinary differential equation (ODE) with a regular singularity. We prove that a holomorphic perturbation of an ODE that represents a Delaunay surface generates a constant mean curvature surface which has a properly immersed end that is asymptotically Delaunay. Furthermore, that end is embedded if the Delaunay surface is unduloidal.
Quantum cohomology of the Grassmannian and alternate Thom–Sebastiani
Authors: Kim Bumsig , Sabbah Claude 
Published: January 2008

AbstractWe introduce the notion of an alternate product of Frobenius manifolds and we give, after Ciocan-Fontanine et al., an interpretation of the Frobenius manifold structure canonically attached to the quantum cohomology of G(r,n+1) in terms of alternate products. We also investigate the relationship with the alternate Thom–Sebastiani product of Laurent polynomials.
A Grid-Free Lagrangian Approach of Vortex Method and Particle
Trajectory Tracking Method Applied to Internal Fluid-Solid Two-Phase
Flows
Authors: Iso Yoshiyuki , Kamemoto Kyoji 
Published: January 2008

Abstract
We have developed a numerical simulation scheme combining a vortex method and a particle trajectory tracking method, which is applicable to internal unsteady two-phase flows. It is a completely grid-free Lagrangian–Lagrangian simulation, which is able to simulate the primary effect of vortical flow on the unsteady particle motion and dispersion. It can handle unsteady high Reynolds number flows. So far, no one has applied this kind of method internal multiphase flows, though many industrial multiphase flows are internal. In this study, internal liquid-solid two-phase flows in a vertical channel and a mixing tee have been calculated by the new method, in which use of the vortex introduction model enables the simulation of the dynamic behavior of separation or reattachment. In the mixing tee, solid particle phenomena such as depositions or particle-wall collisions have been simulated and measured. Numerical results based on simple two-dimensional flow and one-way model show good agreement with the experimental data. The results show that turbulent vortices dominate particle motion. It has been shown that the present method can be useful in the design of industrial multiphase flows with particle mixing, dispersion, deposition, and particle-wall collision because it is possible to simulate the effect of turbulent vortices on the particle motion.