bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Golf Cart Injuries and Morbidity: A Single-Center Trauma Experience
Authors: Boggs Kaitlyn , Wortham Andrew , Gregoski Mathew J , Pruitt Christopher M. , McDuffie Lucas A. 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
The primary aim of this study was to characterize pediatric golf cart injuries at our center including demographic, clinic, and outcome data. The secondary outcomes explored were associations between patient and driver age and mechanism of injury with hospital admission, length of stay, and surgical interventions.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective analysis of golf cart injuries at a pediatric American College of Surgeons Level I trauma center (2013-2023). Demographic information, mechanism of injury, location in the cart, driver age, injury locations and types, and other clinical factors were assessed. Possible differences in hospital admission, length of stay, and surgical intervention were assessed.

Results:
There were 156 patients who sustained golf cart injuries, with 39% requiring trauma activation upon initial presentation. The majority of patients were 13 years old or younger (75.6%), injured from a fall from the cart (55.8%), and admitted to the hospital (51.9%). Over half of the patients had more than one injury type, most commonly affected areas were head, neck, or face (61.5%) and extremities (66.7%). There was a disproportionate number of privately insured patients who presented with golf cart-related injuries compared with the general emergency department population (64.1 vs. 18.5%, 45.6% difference, 95% CI: 37.8%-52.7%, P<0.0001). Over half (63%) of patients with a documented driver age were in golf carts driven by a minor, with a median driver age of 13 years old. Patients in accidents where the drivers were minors were more likely to be admitted to the hospital (P<0.001).

Conclusions:
Golf carts are a considerable source of injury for our pediatric population, with some accidents leading to serious morbidity. There is a need for consistent safety regulation of golf carts and increased public knowledge of the hazards they pose to children.
The prevalence of chronic pain and its impact on activities of daily living disability and depressive symptoms according to multiple definitions in a Japanese population: the Hisayama study
Authors: Shibata Mao , Hosoi Masako , Anno Kozo , Hirabayashi Naoki , Morisaki Yukiko , Saito Takafumi , Sudo Nobuyuki , Ninomiya Toshiharu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives:
This study aimed to compare the prevalence of chronic pain using various definitions from previous studies and to determine the optimal definition for detecting chronic pain associated with physical and emotional dysfunction in a general Japanese population.

Methods:
A total of 2700 community-dwelling Japanese residents aged ≥40 years were assessed for chronic pain and its components of duration, frequency, and intensity. The activities of daily living (ADL) disability and depressive symptoms of participants were also evaluated using the modified Lankin Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The odds ratios and the population attributable fractions (PAFs) for ADL disability and depressive symptoms were estimated using a logistic regression model.

Results:
The prevalence of chronic pain varied greatly by definition, ranging from 13% for pain defined as pain duration ≥3 months, pain frequency ≥ twice a week, and pain intensity of ≥50 mm by a visual analogue scale (VAS) to 48% for a simple definition of pain duration ≥3 months. The PAFs for ADL disability and depressive symptoms were relatively high at 33% in participants with pain duration of ≥6 months and 30% in those with pain frequency of ≥twice a week, while the VAS ≥50 mm group had a low PAF of 12%.

Conclusion:
For screening people with chronic pain and ADL disability or depressive symptoms, the criteria of pain duration and pain frequency yielded essentially identical results, while the criterion of pain intensity risked overlooking individuals with chronic pain and these associated symptoms.
Effectiveness of Switching to Right Unilateral From Bilateral Stimulation in Patients With Inadequate Seizures During Acute Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Wada Ken , Masuda Yoshikazu , Itagaki Kei , Fujii Atsuto , Ishikawa Ryo , Sangawa Hisato , Nagao Tatsunori 
Published: February 2025

Aim
To determine the effectiveness of switching to right unilateral (RUL) from bilateral (BL) stimulation in patients with inadequate seizures during acute electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).

Methods
A retrospective review of medical records was conducted of patients admitted to the Department of Psychiatry, Hiroshima Citizens Hospital, who received acute ECT from January 2019 to December 2021. Clinical characteristics including ECT procedures and adverse events were examined in patients who switched to RUL from BL.

Results
Thirteen patients (7 male and 6 female patients, 66–89 years old) underwent switching to RUL from BL. The total number of ECT sessions including those for seizure titration per patient ranged from 10 to 31, whereas after switching, the number of RUL ECT sessions ranged from 2 to 18. Adequate seizure stimulation was observed from 0 to 11 sessions in patients who underwent RUL. The titrated seizure threshold for RUL was 25.2 mC in 3, 50.4 mC in 8, 75.6 mC, and 100.8 mC in 1. Clinical improvement, assessed by Clinical Global Impressions—Improvement score, was noted in all patients after switching. At the end of the acute ECT course, which included concurrent oral theophylline augmentation in 4 and shortened pulse width in 1 patient, the Clinical Global Impressions—Improvement score was very much improved in 9 and much improved in 3. All 13 patients finished the scheduled ECT course.

Conclusion
Switching to RUL from BL can be considered as an effective treatment option for patients undergoing ECT with inadequate seizures.
Generating Correlated Data for Omics Simulation
Authors: Yang Jianing , Grant Gregory R. , Brooks Thomas G. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSimulation of realistic omics data is a key input for benchmarking studies that help users obtain optimal computational pipelines. Omics data involves large numbers of measured features on each samples and these measures are generally correlated with each other. However, simulation too often ignores these correlations, perhaps due to the inconvenience and computational hurdles of doing so. To alleviate this, we describe in detail three approaches for quickly generating omics-scale data with correlated measures which mimic real data sets. These approaches all are based on a Gaussian copula approach with a covariance matrix that decomposes into a diagonal part and a low-rank part. We use these approaches to demonstrate the importance of including correlation in two benchmarking applications. First, we show that variance of results from the popular DESeq2 method increases when dependence is included. Second, we demonstrate that CYCLOPS, a method for inferring circadian time of collection from transcriptomics, improves in performance when given gene-gene dependencies in some circumstances. We provide an R package, dependentsimr, that has efficient implementations of these methods and can generate dependent data with arbitrary distributions, including discrete (binary, ordered categorical, Poisson, negative binomial), continuous (normal), or with an empirical distribution.
Complete mitochondrial genome assembly of two searobin species (genusPrionotus) and their phylogenetic relationships (Triglidae: Prionotinae)
Authors: Marín Alan , Alfaro Ruben , Zelada-Mázmela Eliana 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe genusPrionotus“searobins” are marine ray-finned fish of the subfamily Prionotinae that have evolved distinctive morphological features and specialized behavior for walking over the seafloor detecting buried preys, making them excellent candidates for biological models in evolutionary genetics studies. Despite that, their phylogenetic relationships are still not well understood. Here, we assembled the first complete mitochondrial genomes of two searobin species namelyPrionotus alatusandP. stephanophrysand performed a comparative mitogenome examination including the first phylogenetic analysis of Prionotinae based on complete mitogenomic information.Methods and resultsBoth mitogenomes were assembled using Illumina genomic reads mined from the GenBank database. Single circular contigs of 16,602 and 16,896 bp were obtained forP. alatusandP. stephanophrysrespectively. Both mitogenomes displayed a standard vertebrate organization (13 PCGs, 2 rRNAs, 22 tRNAs, and a putative control region) except for a third tRNA-Leu and an extra non-coding region detected inP. stephanophrys. A Bayesian phylogenetic analysis recovered allPrionotusspecies into a monophyletic clade within Prionotinae, including the sister taxonBellatorgrouped in a discrete subclade. Species of the subfamily Triglinae were resolved in a basal monophyletic group within Triglidae.ConclusionThe results presented herein represent an important step into a deeper understanding of the phylogenetic relationships and evolution ofPrionotus. Taxonomic clarification may also support future management and conservation efforts of these economically valuable species.
Exposure to trauma in pregnant women and its association with previous perinatal complications, IPV and antenatal service satisfaction in rural Ethiopia: a cross-sectional facility-based study
Authors: Catalao Raquel , Kebede Lelina , Mulushoa Adiyam , Eshetu Tigist , Medhin Girmay , Abdella Ahmed , Alem Atalay , Keynejad Roxanne C. , Sandall Jane , Howard Louise M , Prince Martin , Hanlon Charlotte 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to describe the prevalence of exposure to traumatic events and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) in rural Ethiopia. We hypothesised that antenatal PTSD symptoms would be associated with previous obstetric complications and intimate partner violence (IPV) and impact negatively on womeńs satisfaction with ANC.MethodsThe design was a facility-based cross-sectional study in primary health centres providing ANC in southern Ethiopia. Trauma events were assessed using the Life Events Checklist (LEC) and PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Previous obstetric complications were extracted from clinical records. IPV was measured using the ‘Non-Graphic Language’ screening test and ANC satisfaction was measured using a locally validated adapted version of the Mental Health Service Satisfaction Scale. Generalized linear mixed-effects regression models were used to calculate prevalence ratios between PTSD, IPV and ANC satisfaction.ResultsOut of 2079 interviewed women, 52.3% (n=1,087) reported one or more traumatic life events on the LEC. Physical assault was the most common traumatic event experienced (n=485; 23.3%) and witnessed (n=1,176; 56.6%) but only 289 (13.9%) screened positive for IPV. One hundred and six women (5.1%) met DSM-5 criteria for PTSD. Women meeting diagnostic criteria for PTSD had five times increased prevalence of IPV in their current pregnancy [prevalence ratio (PR) 4.34 95%CI 3.01-6.30; p<0.001]. Only twenty-six women had a record of previous obstetric complications (0.01%). Overall, women with PTSD reported less satisfaction with antenatal care.ConclusionsDespite high exposure to traumatic life events, particularly physical violence, among pregnant women attending ANC in Southern Ethiopia, the prevalence of PTSD is relatively low. Previous obstetric complications and IPV were under-reported, relative to known prevalence estimates. Our study highlights the challenges of detection of psychosocial needs in the ANC setting and the need for targeted interventions to support women’s disclosure of difficulties in maternity care settings.
Cryo-EM structures reveal the PP2A-B55α and Eya3 interaction that can be disrupted by a peptide inhibitor
Authors: Shi Shasha , Li Xueni , Alderman Christopher , Huang Wei , Wick Lars , Foulon North , Rossi John , Hu Wenxin , Cui Shouqing , Zheng Hongjin , Taylor Derek J. , Ford Heide L. , Zhao Rui 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe have previously shown that Eya3 recruits PP2A-B55α to dephosphorylate pT58 on Myc, increasing Myc stability and enhancing primary tumor growth of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the molecular details of how Eya3 recruits PP2A-B55α remain unclear. Here we determined the cryo-EM structures of PP2A-B55α bound with Eya3, with an inhibitory peptide B55i, and in its unbound state. These studies demonstrate that Eya3 binds B55α through an extended peptide in the NTD of Eya3. The Eya3 peptide and other PP2A-B55α substrates and protein/peptide inhibitors including B55i bind to a similar area on the B55α surface but the molecular details of the binding differ. We further demonstrated that the B55i peptide inhibits the B55α and Eya3 interaction in vitro. B55i peptide expressed on a plasmid increases pT58 and decreases Myc protein level in TNBC cells, suggesting the potential of B55i or similar peptides as therapies for TNBC.
Two-step voltage-sensor activation of the human KV7.4 channel and effect of a deafness-associated mutation
Authors: Nappi Mario , Frampton Damon J. A. , Kusay Ali S. , Wang Kaiqian , Miceli Francesco , Liin Sara I. , Taglialatela Maurizio , Pantazis Antonios 
Published: February 2025

AbstractVoltage-gated, potassium-selective KV7.4 channels are expressed in the inner ear and are crucial for hair-cell function and survival. Loss-of-function variants ofKCNQ4, the gene encoding KV7.4-channel subunits, cause non-syndromic progressive hearing loss (DFNA2). KV7.4 opening requires a voltage-dependent conformational change (activation) of the charged voltage-sensor domains (VSDs), and its transduction to the pore. Previously, fast charge displacement was reported during VSD activation at negative potentials, but it is unclear how this is coupled to slow channel opening occurring at more depolarized potentials. Here, we optically tracked KV7.4 VSD activation with voltage-clamp fluorometry, leveraging two different fluorophores and pulsed excitation, to thoroughly characterize VSD movements. We found that VSD activation comprises several voltage-dependent transitions, some of which had kinetics and voltage-dependence matching those of channel opening and closing. The deafness-associated mutation R216H, which substitutes a charged amino-acid in the VSD, impaired both VSD movements and channel opening, shifting them towards more depolarized potentials. This suggested that R216H impaired KV7.4 function by destabilizing VSD activation. Using molecular dynamics, we found that H216 reduced intramolecular interactions, thus decreasing the stability of an active VSD conformation. We propose that the KV7.4 VSD activates in two steps: a fast movement at negative voltages that represents a first transition to an intermediate state of activation; and this is followed by slower, depolarized component that represents subsequent full VSD activation, which drives channel opening.
Advancing Microbial Comparative Genomics Through Tumor-Normal Inspired Framework
Authors: Yang Junjie , Yang Sheng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractComparative genomics has emerged as a pivotal methodology for elucidating genetic variations in microbial studies. However, conventional analytical approaches for diploid and polyploid microorganisms have demonstrated limited efficacy in discriminating new mutations from background heterozygosity.This study presents an innovative microbial comparative genomics framework adapted from tumor-normal sequencing methodology. Our approach establishes the original strain as the “normal sample” and the derived strain as the “tumor sample”, enabling precise identification of new mutations (“somatic variants”) while filtering pre-existing heterozygous sites (“germline variations”). The analytical pipeline also includes assessment of loss-of-heterozygosity (LOH) events and genome-wide detection of copy number variations (CNVs) with resolution to identify both regional CNV and whole-chromosome aneuploidy through integrated CNV and variant allele frequency analysis. We validated this framework using diploidSaccharomyces cerevisiaestrains before successfully extending its application toKluyveromyces marxianus,Candidaspp., andHortaea werneckii, encompassing haploid, diploid, polyploid, and aneuploid states. The methodology revealed previously undetected variations across experimental evolution studies, demonstrating superior resolution compared to conventional approaches. This adaptable platform establishes a new paradigm for microbial genome studies, particularly for organisms with diploid or polyploid states where traditional comparative genomics methods prove inadequate.
Probing axionlike particles through the gamma-ray production from cosmic-ray scattering in the Milky Way dark matter halo
Authors: Goncalves Victor P. , Moulin Emmanuel , Reis Igor , Viana Aion 
Published: February 2025

Axionlike particles (ALPs) are promising candidates to comprise all the dark matter in the Universe. We investigate the ALP couplings to photons and electrons via astrophysical measurements through the search for very-high-energy gamma rays arising from high-energy cosmic-ray scattering off ALP populating the halo of the Milky Way. We show that gamma-ray signals from ALP couplings to photons and electrons via inverse Primakoff and Compton processes, respectively, can be probed by very-high-energy (≳100  GeV) gamma-ray ground-based observatories, providing an alternative and complementary avenue to probe ALP couplings in the eV mass range. Sensitivities of current and near-future ground-based gamma-ray observatories improves upon 1 order of magnitude the current constraints from gamma-ray satellite experiments for the ALP-photon couplings in the region of masses below 10−9  GeV. Their sensitivities reached on the ALP-electron couplings allow probing masses below 10−8  GeV, which are lower than the masses probed in gamma-ray satellite experiments.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Enhancing accounting students’ competence in integrated case study analysis: a structured guidance approach
Authors: Md Daud Seri Ayu Masuri , Tuan Mat Tuan Zainun , Mohamad Kamal Mohamad Ezrien , Nurhanifah Afifa 
Published: February 2025

PurposeIntegrated Case Study (ICS) is a capstone course for accounting undergraduates in Malaysia. It emphasizes the holistic and multifaceted problem-solving skills needed in the accounting profession. Yet, students often find ICS challenging. This paper addresses these challenges from both student and educator perspectives by introducing the Structured Template for Enhanced Proficiency (STEP) framework, an innovative structured guidance model that breaks down case analysis into manageable stages. This framework promotes self-directed, deep and collaborative learning and strengthens students’ analytical skills. This study examines the implementation and effectiveness of the framework at a Malaysian public university.Design/methodology/approachThe STEP framework’s effectiveness is assessed through the case study performance of experiment and control student groups, alongside feedback from students and educators collected via surveys and written testimonials.FindingsThe study demonstrates a remarkable average improvement of 8.4% in the performance of the experimental student group. Further, positive feedback from both students and lecturers underscores its effectiveness in guiding case analysis and fostering deep and collaborative learning. Challenges faced by students while using the framework include its newness and a lack of flexibility. However, slight improvements such as additional guidance and examples and enhanced flexibility may overcome the identified shortcomings.Originality/valueThe findings of this paper signify the potential of the STEP framework as a cost-effective intervention tool in facilitating students in their ICS analyses and refining their cognitive, critical thinking, decision-making and interpersonal proficiencies.
Retheorising ‘Risky’ Play in a Global Context: Addressing the Safety Needs of Refugee and Displaced Families
Authors: Bauer Michelle E. E. , Al‐Hajj Samar , Presser Elise , Zahwe Amin , Faraj Sary , Pike Ian 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA wealth of scholarship demonstrates the developmental benefits of risky play for children. However, this scholarship has overwhelmingly focused on the experiences of children and their caregivers from Euro‐Western nations. It is imperative to explore child and caregiver perspectives on child risk, injury and play in communities where children experience a disproportionate burden of injuries resulting from play such as in refugee communities. For this research, we focused on Syrian refugee camps (n = 3) and villages (n = 4) across Lebanon and conducted semi‐structured interviews with children (n = 79) and caregivers (n = 56) to explore perspectives on child risk, injury and play. Our approach was informed through tenets of post‐structural feminist theory, and a critical discourse analysis was conducted. Two major discourses were identified: (1) children engage in dangerous and injurious play; and (2) environmental and social barriers limit play opportunities. Findings suggest that the children often experienced discrimination and severe injuries as a result of engagement in play which resulted in long‐term financial and physical burdens. These findings challenge Euro‐Western risky play paradigms and inform injury prevention and play scholarship with the voices of families from equity‐deserving communities.
Post‐Mortem Imaging to Investigate the Causes of Stillbirth in Australia: Views of Parents, Midwives and Obstetricians
Authors: Loughnan Siobhan A. , Wojcieszek Aleena M. , Singline Laura , Griffin Alison , Boyle Frances M. , Ellwood David , Flenady Vicki , Goergen Stacy 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionThere is increasing interest regarding the role and value of post‐mortem imaging in identifying the causes of stillbirth. We sought to understand the experiences of parents and the perceptions and practices of midwives and obstetricians regarding post‐mortem imaging (computed tomography [CT], magnetic resonance imaging [MRI], ultrasound and X‐rays of the baby), in the investigation of stillbirths, and how its use and perceived value compares to that of other stillbirth investigations.MethodsCross‐sectional, web‐based surveys of parents who experienced stillbirth in Australia from 2018 to 2022 and midwives and obstetricians involved in the care of parents who experienced stillbirth in the same 5 years. Data were analysed descriptively.ResultsData from 68 parents and 94 midwives and obstetricians were included. According to parents, post‐mortem imaging (CT, MRI, ultrasound and X‐ray) were the least discussed (1%–16%) and performed (0%–13%) stillbirth investigations. Twenty‐eight percent of midwives and obstetricians had recommended the option of post‐mortem imaging to parents, while 45% felt that doing so was beyond their scope of practice. Relative to autopsy, midwives and obstetricians were often unsure of the value of MRI across a range of clinical scenarios, and CT, MRI, ultrasound and X‐ray were the investigations least often discussed (17%–47%) with parents.ConclusionsPost‐mortem imaging is currently underutilised in the investigation of stillbirths. Education and training are needed to enhance maternity care professionals' awareness of the role and value of imaging for identifying the causes of stillbirths, and how best to discuss these investigations with families.