bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new neural network model that detects graft ruptures and contralateral anterior cruciate ligament injuries
Authors: Usami Shintaro , Kimura Yuka , Matsuzaka Masashi , Sasaki Yoshihiro , Sasaki Shizuka , Sasaki Eiji , Tsuda Eiichi , Ishibashi Yasuyuki 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to develop a neural network model for predicting second anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk following ACL reconstruction using patient features from medical records.MethodsOf 486 consecutive patients who underwent primary unilateral ACL reconstruction, 386 patients (198 women, 188 men) with a mean age of 25.1 ± 11.6 years were included in this study. Fifty‐eight features, including demographic data, surgical, preoperative and postoperative data, were retrospectively collected from medical records, and features with an incidence of less than 5% were excluded. Finally, 14 features were used for the analysis. The multilayer perceptron was composed of four hidden layers with a rectified linear unit as activation and was trained to maximise the area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curve (auROC). Subsequently, validation was carried out through a rigorous threefold cross‐validation process. To ascertain the most efficacious combination of features with the highest auROC, a single feature with the least impact on auROC maximisation was systematically eliminated from the comprehensive variable set, ultimately resulting in the retention of a mere two variables.ResultsThe median follow‐up period was 50.5 (24–142) months. Fifty‐seven knees had a second ACL injury, with a graft rupture rate of 7.7% and a contralateral injury rate of 6.9%. The maximum auROC for predicting graft rupture was 0.81 with two features: young age and hamstring graft. Meanwhile, the maximum auROC for predicting contralateral ACL injury was 0.74 with seven features, including young age, presence of medial meniscus tear, small body mass index, hamstring graft, female sex and medial meniscus repair or treatment.ConclusionA neural network model with patient features from medical records detected graft ruptures and contralateral ACL injuries with acceptable accuracy. This model can serve as a new, useful tool in clinical practice to inform decisions about ACL reconstruction and retuning to sports postoperatively.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Men and women undergoing total hip arthroplasty have different clinical presentations before surgery and different outcomes at 1‐year follow‐up
Authors: Rossi Nicolò , Nannini Alessandra , Ulivi Michele , Sirtori Paolo , Banfi Giuseppe , Tomaiuolo Rossella , de Girolamo Laura , Mangiavini Laura , Peretti Giuseppe M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of sex on patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) for hip osteoarthritis (HOA), aiming to assess the clinical and functional outcomes using patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs).MethodsA retrospective analysis of patients undergoing THA at Ospedale Galeazzi‐Sant'Ambrogio between 2016 and 2022 was conducted. Inclusion criteria encompassed Kellgren–Lawrence grade III or IV HOA, with preoperative and 12‐month postoperative PROMs. Enroled patients have been selected from a larger cohort without matching design for confounders. The analyses were performed using R software v4.0.3 (R Core Team) and data distributions were assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk normality test.ResultsOne hundred ninety patients (72 male and 118 female) who had both preoperative and postoperative PROMs have been analysed from our institutional prosthesis registry (Datareg). Baseline and 12‐month post‐THA PROMs showed significant improvements overall. VAS score dropped notably from baseline to 3 months postsurgery (7.1 ± 2.1 vs. 0.9 ± 1.7). Functional and mental PROMs, including Harris Hip Score‐functional (HHS‐F), Harris Hip Score‐total (HHS‐t), SF‐12PS and SF‐12MS, exhibited substantial improvements post‐THA. Stratifying by sex, males had lower baseline VAS, higher HHS‐F, SF‐12MS and hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score‐physical function short form (HOOS‐PS). At 12 months, males displayed significantly better VAS, HHS‐F, SF‐12PS and HOOS‐PS scores. Complication rates were minimal (1.5%), with stable rates across genders, mostly involving dislocation and periprosthetic fractures. Implant survival at 12 months reached an impressive 99%.ConclusionTHA remains an effective treatment for severe HOA. However, females presented with worse baseline conditions and showed relatively less improvement at 1‐year postsurgery compared to males. This difference could be attributed to physiological and psychosocial factors associated with sex, including hormonal changes, muscle mass decline and perception of pain. Longer follow‐ups and prospective studies are necessary to validate these findings and facilitate personalised approaches in HOA treatment, emphasising the need for careful consideration of sex‐related variables in clinical decision‐making for THA patients.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Organic Photoplethysmography Sensor Based on Directional Emission Microcavity Organic Light‐Emitting Device
Authors: Zhu Hao , Yu Hongwei , Zhang Jiaming , Zhang Yiqi , Zhang Letian , Liu Shihao , Xie Wenfa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWearable photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors provide real‐time monitoring of essential human health parameters by integrating a light source with a photodetector. However, they face a common challenge: the presence of a faint pulsating (AC) signal amidst a highly noisy and drifting non‐pulsatile background. This necessitates fine‐tuning how the light is spread out to make sure that a significant number of emitted photons carry vital physiological information and trigger the detector's photocurrent. An innovative organic PPG sensor with a microcavity organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) that emits light in a controlled direction, coupled with an annular organic photodetector (OPD) is demonstrated here. By adjusting the OLED's cavity lengths, the microcavity resonance peak is shifted, achieving angled directional emission. Placing the microcavity OLEDs at the center of the annular OPD enhances the portion of light that reflects from arterial vessels in the skin and tissues. This increases the AC signal for recording arterial vessel pulsations by 47.66%. This advancement simplifies sensor recognition and achieves an unprecedented low power consumption of only 9.96 µW for heart rate sensing, meeting essential recognition criteria.
Porous Anisometric PNIPAM Microgels: Tailored Porous Structure and Thermal Response
Authors: Steinbeck Lea , Wolff Hanna J. M. , Middeldorf Maximilian , Linkhorst John , Wessling Matthias 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe porous structure of microgels significantly influences their properties and, thus, their suitability for various applications, in particular as building blocks for tissue scaffolds. Porosity is one of the crucial features for microgel–cell interactions and significantly increases the cells' accumulation and proliferation. Consequently, tailoring the porosity of microgels in an effortless way is important but still challenging, especially for nonspherical microgels. This work presents a straightforward procedure to fabricate complex‐shaped poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM) microgels with tuned porous structures using the so‐called cononsolvency effect during microgel polymerization. Therefore, the classical solvent in the reaction solution is exchanged from water to water–methanol mixtures in a stop‐flow lithography process. For cylindrical microgels with a higher methanol content during fabrication, a greater degree of collapsing is observed, and their aspect ratio increases. Furthermore, the collapsing and swelling velocities change with the methanol content, indicating a modified porous structure, which is confirmed by electron microscopy micrographs. Furthermore, swelling patterns of the microgel variants occur during cooling, revealing their thermal response as a highly heterogeneous process. These results show a novel procedure to fabricate PNIPAM microgels of any elongated 2D shape with tailored porous structure and thermoresponsiveness by introducing the cononsolvency effect during stop‐flow lithography polymerization.
Effects of Mucosal Decongestion on Nasal Aerodynamics: A Pilot Study
Authors: Hamdan Ahmad T. , Cherobin Giancarlo B. , Voegels Richard L. , Rhee John S. , Garcia Guilherme J. M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveMucosal decongestion with nasal sprays is a common treatment for nasal airway obstruction. However, the impact of mucosal decongestion on nasal aerodynamics and the physiological mechanism of nasal airflow sensation are incompletely understood. The objective of this study is to compare nasal airflow patterns in nasal airway obstruction (NAO) patients with and without mucosal decongestion and nondecongested healthy subjects.Study DesignCross‐sectional study of a convenience sample.SettingAcademic tertiary medical center.MethodsForty‐five subjects were studied (15 nondecongested healthy subjects, 15 nondecongested NAO patients, and 15 decongested NAO patients). Three‐dimensional models of the nasal anatomy were created from computed tomography scans. Steady‐state simulations of airflow and heat transfer were conducted at 15 L/min inhalation rate using computational fluid dynamics.ResultsIn the narrow side of the nose, unilateral nasal resistance was similar in decongested NAO patients and nondecongested healthy subjects, but substantially higher in nondecongested NAO patients. The vertical airflow distribution within the nasal cavity (inferior vs middle vs superior) was also similar in decongested NAO patients and nondecongested healthy subjects, but nondecongested NAO patients had substantially less middle airflow. Mucosal cooling, quantified by the surface area where heat flux exceeds 50 W/m2, was significantly higher in decongested NAO patients than in nondecongested NAO patients.ConclusionThis pilot study suggests that mucosal decongestion improves objective measures of nasal airflow, which is consistent with improved subjective sensation of nasal patency after decongestion.
Adherence to Reporting Guidelines in Major Otolaryngology Publications
Authors: Zhang Jinghan , Johnson Romaine F. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study is to determine the adherence rate to reporting guidelines in published otolaryngology research. We performed an evidence‐based review of all original clinical research published in 2021 in five otolaryngology journals for adherence to the appropriate guideline for the study type by evaluating whether the corresponding reporting guideline was mentioned in the body of the published manuscript. There were 1140 original research articles included in this study. Most studies were observational, for which the STROBE reporting guidelines are recommended (n = 791, 70.3%). All studies had an average adherence rate of 16.8% (n = 192/1140). The STROBE adherence rate was 4.9%, with JAMA Otolaryngology having the highest proportion of observation studies using the STROBE guidelines (23/49, 46.9%). Reporting guidelines are important tools to use in presenting original research. The use of these guidelines varies in the otolaryngology literature and highlights the ongoing need to support research reproducibility and usefulness.
Boosting the Spanish Urban Agenda through urban living labs: The case study of Madrid
Authors: Diaz‐Sarachaga Jose Manuel , Sánchez‐Cañete Francisco José Moreno 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Spanish Urban Agenda (SUA) intends to promote sustainable development through the implementation of the 2030 Agenda at the local level. Since all world stakeholders are called to participate in the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, diverse instruments adopting a collaborative approach between social actors have gained importance. Among them, urban living labs (ULLs) involve distinct participants to handle urban issues by proposing and testing solutions. This research determines the role of ULLs conducted in Madrid since 2000 as drivers of the SUA. A two‐tier methodology was adopted to develop a framework after first conducting an in‐depth literature review to identify key features of ULLs. Second, the connection between the SUA and ULLs was defined. Findings revealed a limited impact of the analyzed labs in reaching the SUA. The under‐representation of social agents undermines the effectiveness of ULLs. A higher engagement of public institutions is recommended to overcome this shortcoming.
How does worker mobility affect business adoption of a new technology? The case of machine learning
Authors: Chen Ruyu , Balasubramanian Natarajan , Forman Chris 
Published: March 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryWe investigate how worker mobility influences the adoption of a new technology using state‐level changes to the enforceability of noncompete agreements as an exogenous shock to worker mobility. Using data on over 153,000 establishments from 2010 and 2018, we find that changes that facilitate worker movements are associated with a significant decline in the likelihood of adoption of machine learning. Moreover, we find that the magnitude of decline depends upon the size of the establishment, the extent of predictive analytics adoption in its industry, and the number of large establishments in the same industry‐location. These results are consistent with the view that increases in outward worker mobility increase costs for adoption of a new technology that involves significant downstream investments in the early years of its diffusion.Managerial SummarySuccessful business adoption of new technologies such as machine learning requires skilled workers with experience in implementing those technologies. In the early years of technology diffusion workers in early adopting businesses typically acquire these skills through on‐the‐job learning that is paid for by the adopter. So, if such early adopters face an increased risk of those skilled workers quitting, then their incentives to adopt the technology decrease. We examine this possibility using changes in noncompete enforceability as a proxy for changes in worker mobility and find that the likelihood of adopting machine learning decreases as the risk of worker mobility increases, particularly for larger establishments, establishments in industries where adoption may be more beneficial and in locations with many large competing establishments.
Highly Selective and Reversible Detection of Simulated Breath Hydrogen Sulfide Using Fe‐Doped CuO Hollow Spheres: Enhanced Surface Redox Reaction by Multi‐Valent Catalysts
Authors: Kim Ki Beom , Sohn Myung Sung , Min Sunhong , Yoon Ji‐Wook , Park Jin‐Sung , Li Ju , Moon Young Kook , Kang Yun Chan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe precise and reversible detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) at high humidity condition, a malodorous and harmful volatile sulfur compound, is essential for the self‐assessment of oral diseases, halitosis, and asthma. However, the selective and reversible detection of trace concentrations of H2S (≈0.1 ppm) in high humidity conditions (exhaled breath) is challenging because of irreversible H2S adsorption/desorption at the surface of chemiresistors. The study reports the synthesis of Fe‐doped CuO hollow spheres as H2S gas‐sensing materials via spray pyrolysis. 4 at.% of Fe‐doped CuO hollow spheres exhibit high selectivity (response ratio ≥ 34.4) over interference gas (ethanol, 1 ppm) and reversible sensing characteristics (100% recovery) to 0.1 ppm of H2S under high humidity (relative humidity 80%) at 175 °C. The effect of multi‐valent transition metal ion doping into CuO on sensor reversibility is confirmed through the enhancement of recovery kinetics by doping 4 at.% of Ti‐ or Nb ions into CuO sensors. Mechanistic details of these excellent H2S sensing characteristics are also investigated by analyzing the redox reactions and the catalytic activity change of the Fe‐doped CuO sensing materials. The selective and reversible detection of H2S using the Fe‐doped CuO sensor suggested in this work opens a new possibility for halitosis self‐monitoring.
A Photo‐induced Cross‐Linking Enhanced A and B Combined Multi‐Functional Spray Hydrogel Instantly Protects and Promotes of Irregular Dynamic Wound Healing
Authors: Zhong Guofeng , Lei Pengkun , Guo Peng , Yang Qin , Duan Yun , Zhang Junbo , Qiu Mengyu , Gou Kaijun , Zhang Chen , Qu Yan , Zeng Rui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWounds in harsh environments can face long‐term inflammation and persistent infection, which can slow healing. Wound spray is a product that can be rapidly applied to large and irregularly dynamic wounds, and can quickly form a protective film in situ to inhibit external environmental infection. In this study, a biodegradable A and B combined multi‐functional spray hydrogel is developed with methacrylate‐modified chitosan (CSMA1st) and ferulic acid (FA) as type A raw materials and oxidized Bletilla striata polysaccharide (OBSP) as type B raw materials. The precursor CSMA1st‐FA/OBSP (CSOB‐FA1st) hydrogel is formed by the self‐cross‐linking of dynamic Schiff base bonds, the CSMA‐FA/OBSP (CSOB‐FA) hydrogel is formed quickly after UV–vis light, so that the hydrogel fits with the wound. Rapid spraying and curing provide sufficient flexibility and rapidity for wounds and the hydrogel has good injectability, adhesive, and mechanical strength. In rats and miniature pigs, the A and B combined spray hydrogel can shrink wounds and promote healing of infected wounds, and promote the enrichment of fibrocyte populations. Therefore, the multifunctional spray hydrogel combined with A and B can protect irregular dynamic wounds, prevent wound infection and secondary injury, and be used for safe and effective wound treatment, which has a good prospect for development.
Modulating Electronic Structure of Iridium Single‐Atom Anchored on 3D Fe‐Doped β‐Ni(OH)2 Catalyst with Nanopyramid Array Structure for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Kang Hongjun , Qiao Xianshu , Jia Xin , Wang Xinzhi , Hou Guangyao , Wu Xiaohong , Qin Wei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDeveloping high‐performance electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial in the pursuit of clean and sustainable hydrogen energy, yet still challenging. Herein, a spontaneous redox strategy is reported to achieve iridium single‐atoms anchored on hierarchical nanosheet‐based porous Fe doped β‐Ni(OH)2 pyramid array electrodes (SAs Ir/Fe‐β‐Ni(OH)2), which exhibits high OER performance with a low overpotential of 175 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a remarkable OER current density in alkaline electrolyte, surpassing Fe‐β‐Ni(OH)2/NF and IrO2 by 31 and 38 times at 1.43 V versus RHE, respectively. OER catalytic mechanism demonstrates that the conversion of *OH→*O and the active lattice O content can be significantly improved due to the modulation effect of the Ir single atoms on the local electronic structure and the redox behavior of FeNi (oxy) hydroxide true active species. This work provides a promising insight into understanding the OER enhancement mechanism for Ir single‐atoms modified FeNi‐hydroxide systems.
Low‐Frequency Evolution Mechanism of Customized HEAs‐Based Electromagnetic Response Modes Manipulated by Carbothermal Shock
Authors: Wang Honghan , Xiao Xinyu , An Qingda , Xiao Zuoyi , Zhu Kairuo , Zhai Shangru , Dong Xiaoling , Xue Chuang , Wu Hongjing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAn emerging carbothermal shock method is an ultra‐convenient strategy for synthesizing high‐entropy alloys (HEAs), in which the intelligent combination of carbon support and HEAs can be serve as a decisive factor for interpreting the trade‐off relationship between conductive gene and dielectric gene. However, the feedback mechanism of HEAs ordering degree on electromagnetic (EM) response in 2–18 GHz has not been comprehensively demystified. Herein, while lignin‐based carbon fiber paper (L‐CFP) as carbon support, L‐CFP/FeCoNiCuZn‐X with is prepared by carbothermal shock method. The reflection loss of −82.6 dB with thickness of 1.31 mm is achieved by means of pointing electron enrichment within L‐CFP/FeCoNiCuZn HEAs heterointerfaces verified by theoretical calculations. Simultaneously, low‐frequency evolution with high‐intensity and broadband EM response relies on a “sacrificing” strategy achieved by construction of polymorphic L‐CFP/semi‐disordered‐HEAs heterointerfaces. The practicality of L‐CFP/FeCoNiCuZn‐X in complex environments is given prominence to thermal conductivity, hydrophobicity, and electrocatalytic property. This work is of great significance for insightful mechanism analysis of HEAs in the application of electromagnetic wave absorption.
NiCo2O4 Nanowires Immobilized on Nitrogen‐Doped Ti3C2Tx for High‐Performance Wearable Magnesium–Air Batteries
Authors: Qian Aniu , Cui Miaomiao , Sun Yue , Wang Guangyu , Hao Yuehui , Yang Chengli , Shi Hu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFlexible magnesium (Mg)–air batteries provide an ideal platform for developing efficient energy‐storage devices toward wearable electronics and bio‐integrated power sources. However, high‐capacity bio‐adaptable Mg–air batteries still face the challenges in low discharge potential and inefficient oxygen electrodes, with poor kinetics property toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, spinel nickel cobalt oxides (NiCo2O4) nanowires immobilized on nitrogen‐doped Ti3C2Tx (NiCo2O4/N‐Ti3C2Tx) are reported via surface chemical‐bonded effect as oxygen electrodes, wherein surface‐doped pyridinic–N–C and Co–pyridinic–N moieties accounted for efficient ORR owing to increased interlayer spacing and changed surrounding environment around Co metals in NiCo2O4. Importantly, in polyethylene glycol (PVA)‐NaCl neutral gel electrolytes, the NiCo2O4/N‐Ti3C2Tx‐assembled quasi‐solid wearable Mg–air batteries delivered high open‐circuit potential of 1.5 V, good flexibility under various bent angles, high power density of 9.8 mW cm–2, and stable discharge duration to 12 h without obvious voltage drop at 5 mA cm−2, which can power a blue flexible light‐emitting diode (LED) array and red smart rollable wearable device. The present study stimulates studies to investigate Mg–air batteries involving human‐body adaptable neutral electrolytes, which will facilitate the application of Mg–air batteries in portable, flexible, and wearable power sources for electronic devices.
Brain‐Targeted Black Phosphorus‐Based Nanotherapeutic Platform for Enhanced Hypericin Delivery in Depression
Authors: Tan Hanxu , Cao Kerun , Zhao Yuying , Zhong Jialong , Deng Di , Pan Bo , Zhang Juping , Zhang Rong , Wang Zhiyu , Chen Tongkai , Shi Yafei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDepression is a significant global health concern that remains inadequately treated due to the limited effectiveness of conventional drug therapies. One potential therapeutic agent, hypericin (HYP), is identified as an effective natural antidepressant. However, its poor water solubility, low bioavailability, and limited ability to penetrate the brain parenchyma have hindered its clinical application. To address these shortcomings and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of HYP, it is loaded onto black phosphorus nanosheets (BP) modified with the neural cell‐targeting peptide RVG29 to synthesize a nanoplatform named BP‐RVG29@HYP (BRH). This platform served as a nanocarrier for HYP and integrated the advantages of BP with advanced delivery methods and precise targeting strategies. Under the influence of 808 nm near‐infrared irradiation (NIR), BRH effectively traversed an in vitro BBB model. In vivo experiments validated these findings, demonstrating that treatment with BRH significantly alleviated depressive‐like behaviors and oxidative stress in mice. Importantly, BRH exhibited an excellent safety profile, causing minimal adverse effects, which highlighted its potential as a promising therapeutic agent. In brief, this novel nanocarrier holds great promise in the development of antidepressant drugs and can create new avenues for the treatment of depression.