bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances in Nanoparticulate Therapeutics for Acute Lung Injury: Addressing Unmet Clinical Needs through Targeted Therapy and Controlled Delivery of Drug
Authors: Sadhu Piyushkumar , Kumari Mamta , Rajput Hemraj Singh , Patel Vipul P. , Rathod Falguni , Shah Nirmal , Seth Avinash Kumar 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening condition characterized by
severe invasion of inflammatory cells, lung edema, and the development of intestinal fibrosis. The
activation of proinflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-6, and others results in the development
of several risk factors for ALI. It has been observed that no viable therapies for lung injuries exist.
Therefore, there is a significant need for healthcare requirements. However, few effective nonpharmacological
and pharmacological treatments are available, which may have assisted doctors
in reducing the likelihood of illness development. Still, not much progress has been made in illness
management.

Objectives:
This review aimed to briefly discuss pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches
for treating ALI.

Methods:
Nowadays, drug delivery and illness diagnosis are the most advanced areas of modern
nanotechnology research, particularly concerning the lungs. So, we focused on various novel approaches,
viz., organic nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, metal nanoparticles, and bio nanoparticles,
that combat ALI and improve lung functions. This review discussed many studies and
the advancement of different nanomaterials as novel drug carriers in the lungs that can influence
the immune system, suppressing proinflammatory cytokines and improving lung functions.

Results:
Another aspect of studying nanotechnology is the release kinetics of nanoparticles and
safety when administered to a targeted tissue.

Conclusion:
The higher uptake of nanomaterials and, thus, the drugs is another advancement in
nanotechnology. Herein, we explored different approaches to improving and curing acute lung injury.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids: A Review
Authors: Panda Biswajit 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) belong to a structurally varied class of natural products
that have garnered significant attention due to their intriguing chemical properties and broad
range of biological activities. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the
synthesis and biological activity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. An in-depth exploration of the
various synthetic methodologies employed in the construction of these complex molecules,
including classical and modern synthetic approaches, is presented in this review. Moreover, the
potential therapeutic applications of these alkaloids are discussed, emphasizing their promising
role in drug discovery and development. By synthesizing the current knowledge, this paper aims
to facilitate further research in the field and inspire the discovery of novel bioactive compounds
with therapeutic potential.
The Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of N-((1H-benzimidazol-2-
yl)methyl)-2-substituted-3H- benzimidazol-5-amine Derivatives
Authors: Pathare Balasaheb , Bansode Tanaji 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
The increasing commonality of multi-drug-resistant bacteria as well as fungi is the
motive for the development of new active antimicrobial agents. Heterocyclic compounds are
major contributors in medical chemistry and are also found in biomolecules like vitamins,
enzymes, natural products, etc. Benzimidazole is one of the nitrogens-containing heterocyclic
compounds. Derivatives of benzimidazole have been found active against various bacterial
diseases. Benzimidazole derivatives containing two benzimidazole rings also showed various
pharmacological activities. In view of these, we aim to synthesize a new series of benzimidazole
derivatives, N-((1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)methyl)-2-substituted-3H- benzimidazol-5-amine (6a–f)
by the reaction of substituted 5-aminobenzimidazol derivatives with 2-chloromethyl
benzimidazole and study their predicted bioactivity and actual antibacterial activity. To confirm
the structures of the synthesized compounds, spectroscopic techniques like IR, 1H NMR,13C
NMR and mass spectra were used. Initially, predicted bioactivity was studied using
Molinspiration software. Among the synthesized compounds (6a-f), compounds 6a, 6d, 6e, and
6f showed good predicted activity. Then all the synthesized compounds 6a–f were screened for
their antibacterial activity against E. coli (NCIM-2931), S. aureus (NCIM-2079), K.
pnuemoniae (NCIM-2719) and P. aeruginosa (NCIM-2053) bacterial strains using the Ditchplate
and Well Diffusion Method. Among them, compound 6f was found to be active against all
used bacterial strains.

Objectives:
Synthesis and study of antimicrobial activity of benzimidazole derivatives.

Methods:
Simple, known laboratory methods are used for the synthesis of all new
benzimidazole derivatives (6a-f). Predicted bioactivity was studied using Molinspiration
software. The antibacterial activity of synthesized derivatives was studied against E. coli
(NCIM-2931), S. aureus (NCIM-2079), K. pnuemoniae (NCIM-2719) and P. aeruginosa
(NCIM-2053) bacterial strains using Ditch-plate and Well diffusion methods.

Results:
We successfully synthesized new bis-benzimidazole derivatives using simple
laboratory methods and studied their antimicrobial activity. Among the synthesized derivatives,
N-((1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)methyl)-2-(pyridin-3-yl)-3H-benzimidazol-5-amine (6f) showed
good activity against used bacterial strains.

Conclusion:
In this paper, we report the synthesis of novel and biological activity benzimidazole derivatives
by a simple and efficient method. The carried out predicted bioactivity as well as actual bioactivity was
reported, and it was observed that predicted bioactivity and actual antibacterial activity showed similar
results. The incorporation of a pyridine ring in a benzimidazole derivative increased bioactivity.
An Updated Review on the Alarming Epidemic of the Monkeypox Virus
Authors: Singh Neelam , Alam Md Sabir , Bharti Charu , Kumar Nitin , Jayant Shalini , Reetu  , Sharma Aayush 
Published: March 2024

:
After the COVID-19 pandemic, the world has been vulnerable due to another virus called
monkeypox. Monkeypox is a very uncommon zoonotic infectious condition that occurs in both human
and non-human primates with similar clinical characteristics as smallpox along with remarkable
epidemic potential because of the increasing existence of human outbursts in recent scenarios. The
increasing number of cases of this virus is developing curiosity among the people, hence scientists
are aiming to become aware of various pathological characteristics and management of this virus
before it becomes an epidemic. Currently, the monkeypox outbreak is a trending headline and has
increased as an alarming tone after continuous upcoming cases. Previous studies revealed that the
first human suspected case was found on September 1, 1970, when a 9-month-old baby was admitted
to the Basankusu Hospital in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It is hard to distinguish monkeypox
from the smallpox virus therefore, laboratory testing is the technique of disease identification and
monitoring. Various new approaches and vaccines are being positioned for the prevention and clinical
management of monkeypox through the entanglement of metallic and organic nanocarriers.
However, more researchers suggested that virology and ecology of the virus in endemic areas is essential
to recognize and avoid further worldwide occurrence of this virus. On behalf of an exhaustive
literature survey, We are providing a rationalizing overview of monkeypox in the context of its present
global outbreak, as well as its symptoms, prevention, treatment, assessment, and clinical studies.
Investment Cooperation of the EAEU Countries and Latin America in Modern Conditions
Authors: Kuzmina V. M. , Pykhtin A. I. 
Published: March 2024

The relevance of the study is related to the trend of the states of the "global" South towards a polycentric world, accompanied by an independent foreign economic course. The EAEU is interested in expanding cooperation with Latin American countries. The purpose is to conduct a comparative analysis of the macroeconomic indicators of the EAEU and LAC countries and FDI destinations based on statistical data. Objectives: to analyze the current state of macroeconomic indicators of the integration associations of the EAEU and LAC in order to identify identical development indicators; to characterize the country and sectoral directions of FDI of the EAEU countries in the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean in comparison with similar investments of the countries of the "collective" West and the United States. Methodology. Investment cooperation is analyzed within the framework of the theory of structural functionalism (Parsons) using macroeconomic indicators of foreign trade cooperation based on UNCTAD statistics on world investments, data from the central banks of Bolivia, Brazil, statistical agencies CEPAL and the Bank of Russia. Results. It has been proved that investment flows between the EAEU and LAC have developed unevenly, and the volume of investments has fluctuated significantly. This trend reflects the general stagnation of the EAEU's investment activity in Latin America outside the commodity sectors. The leading sector attracting investment is the software and IT services sector in LAC. Conclusions. There is a trend towards an increase in the volume of trade turnover between the regions of the EAEU and the LAC, but investment cooperation between the countries is slowed down due to the logistical inaccessibility of the region, the insufficient development of the port infrastructure of the LAC, the lack of interbank relations, and insufficient state support in the LAC.
Marketplace as a Digital Product Promotion Platform
Authors: Tretyakova I. N. , Lazarev A. S. , Shcherbachenko E. R. 
Published: March 2024

Relevance. In the modern world, digital trading platforms on the Internet are increasingly gaining relevance, this phenomenon is associated with the growth of innovation and the acceleration of the pace of life of society as a whole. To achieve maximum efficiency from sales, it is not enough for manufacturers of goods to simply have their own website. Currently, digital trading platforms or marketplaces are gaining relevance for most brands. This trend helps to ensure that companies do not miss any potential sales and maximize their profits. Such marketplaces as Wildberries, Ozon, Yandex-market are the most popular and in demand in the Russian trade market. Each trading platform offers its own methods of promotion and sale of goods, and also has various advantages and non-delivery. The purpose of the study is to study the basic principles of Russian marketplaces. Objectives: based on the analysis of the e-commerce market in Russia to identify the largest marketplaces and conduct their comparative analysis. Methodology. The research is aimed at achieving this goal and is based on a review of scientific research by both domestic and foreign marketers, as well as a statistical analysis of the functioning of online trading platforms. Results. In the course of the work, the process of sales through marketplaces was analyzed, the advantages and disadvantages of this digital platform were identified, and the process of functioning of Russian Internet trading platforms was investigated. Conclusions. The conducted research gives grounds to conclude that the marketplace is becoming the mainstream of modern trade. Analysis of current trends in the digital trade market indicates the increasing role of the marketplace, as a unique interaction environment is being created that gives equal rights and opportunities to all participants in the process, contributing to successful competition on one digital platform.
Current State and Prospects of Development of the Self-Employed Market
Authors: Mamontova S. V. 
Published: March 2024

Relevance. The ongoing transformational processes of economic systems, the development of IT technologies, communications, and cryptogenologies contribute to the development of innovative forms of labor organization and their types. There is a revaluation of the cost of labor, a change in the conditions of its employment, the structure of the labor market is changing due to non-standard forms of employment and employment, respectively, all this has a significant impact not only on the economic, but also on the social component of society. It should be noted that one of the most widespread and dynamically developing forms of employment in the labor market today is "self-employment", which requires in-depth study in the context of global changes. The purpose is the study involves an analysis of the current situation of non-standard forms of employment, in particular the category of "self-employment". Objectives: to consider the main trends in the self-employed labor market; to identify factors contributing to the rapid growth of the number of self-employed. Methodology: logical and systematic analysis of information sources in the field of self-employment development; expert opinion and personal observations; content analysis of Russian social networks. Results: an assessment of the impact of the digital economy on the development of the labor market, changes in its structure, forms of employment is given, a range of problems and opportunities related to state employment assistance is outlined. Conclusions. Current trends and future prospects for employment development in the context of labor market transformation are associated with an increase in the number of self-employed both abroad and in the Russian Federation. And the ongoing transformations significantly affect the change in the structure of labor relations and their digitalization. Therefore, in order to ensure positive dynamics in the labor market, it is necessary to integrate research on self-employment in economics, labor law, sociology and psychology.
Digital Channels of Employer Brand Formation
Authors: Zimova N. S. , Fomin E. V. 
Published: March 2024

Relevance. In modern conditions of high competition in the labor market, new forms of work are becoming particularly relevant, in particular, the creation of an HR brand as a tool for maintaining the company's image and attracting employees. The development of digital technologies has allowed companies to use new channels of employer brand formation – digital. However, despite the existing need, the features of their use have not been fully studied. Social networks and career sites as the main platforms for the formation of an employer's brand are rapidly developing and transforming, which requires their comprehensive research. The purpose is to identify the features of the use of career sites and social networks as the main digital channels for the formation of an employer's brand. Objectives: to reveal the essence and identify the main elements of the employer's brand; to conduct a comparative study of the use of career sites and social networks of four Russian companies: Dodo Pizza, Gulfstream, Chulakov.ru, Exness. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study was the work of G. Martin, S. Hat Trick, T. Ambler, S. Burrow. As a technical tool for the study of social networks, the system of multifactorial analysis of social media "Cribrum" was used, the method of content analysis was used in the study of career websites of companies. Results. As a result of the study, the authors identified the main components of the HR brand broadcast by digital channels focused on basic and additional values. The analysis of digital channels by selected elements revealed the specifics of their use in the formation of the employer's brand. Career sites to a greater extent broadcast additional values of the company, forming a holistic positive image for the general public, without highlighting the target categories of recruiting. Social networks mainly demonstrate the basic values of the company, their content is more specific, focused on certain categories of recruiting. Conclusion. Creating a successful employer brand requires a competent combination of the digital channels considered, taking into account their specifics and the category of recruiting, which will allow HR branding to become a long-term HR strategy for attracting and retaining target groups of employees.
Segmentation of Tree-Like Data Structures and Their Parallel Processing in Authentication Methods Based on Block Coupling Encoding
Authors: Tanygin M O. , Chesnokova A. A. 
Published: March 2024

Purpose of reseach. In the tasks of authenticating groups of messages encoded in the mode of chaining blocks, there is a need for the formation and processing of specific tree-like structures. The contents of such structures, in addition to information about the placement of data in the internal memory of the calculators, describes the relative location of messages in the data stream between subscribers of a peer-to-peer network. This information is necessary to isolate a structured set from the entire message stream to the receiver, for which its source is uniquely determined. Using approaches to segmentation of tree structures allows you to parallelize the processes of adding elements to it and searching for areas corresponding to an authentication error.Methods. The division of the tree structure into areas subject to modification and areas for analysis is based on a metric dynamically formed from message authentication codes – the position of a specific message in a structured set of messages transmitted from the source to the receiver. The value of this metric determines the distance from the root of the tree, which defines the boundary between the two named areasResults. By isolating the modified and analyzed sections of the tree structure, races of processes implementing independent algorithms for working with it are excluded. The possibility of detecting authentication errors before receiving the last message in a structured set of messages is shown. As a result, there is no need to transmit those group messages that were supposed to be sent after the error was detected. Formulas for estimating the average transmission time of multiple messages with sequential and parallel implementation of procedures for the formation and processing of a tree structure containing descriptors of incoming messages to the receiver are given.Conclusion. The paper shows that the parallel implementation of algorithms for adding elements to the tree structure and the algorithm for searching for areas corresponding to an error reduces the average transmission time of a group of messages by 5-12% compared with the sequential implementation of these algorithms. This reduces the load on the communication channel for the target class of systems using block coupling encoding for authentication.
On Text Understanding Modeling by Means of Artificial Intelligence Systems
Authors: Kruzhilina T. V. 
Published: March 2024

Purpose of reseach is to conduct a comparative analysis of texts generated by an artificial intelligence system in the process of processing source text in natural language and counter texts that are the result of human understanding of the source literary text. Methods. To achieve the goal and objectives of the study, the author used an experimental technique to conduct a comparative analysis of the denotational structures of counter texts. Participants in the experiment (7 4th year students of the Faculty of Additional Education “Translator in the field of professional communications”, 3 associate professors of the Department of Foreign Languages of South- West State University) assessed the success of recreating the semantic structure of the text of 10 counter texts of different nature - generated by AI and humans. Results. The results of the experiment indicate that the completeness of the semantic content of the generated text does not depend on the structure of the source text. Modern methods of semantic text processing by an AI system make it possible to obtain the output of full-fledged text works created taking into account the rules and norms of natural language.AI systems successfully recreate the denotational structure of the text and reconstruct the syntactic structure. Conclusion. Access to large databases allows you to train a neural network on large text corpora, which results in an increase in the accuracy and variability of the lexical units and constructs used. The accuracy of conveying the semantic content of the text varies. It depends on the degree of text compression - the higher it is, the less accuracy can be, because the neural network is unable to classify denotational connections for relevance to the underlying meaning. The degree of accuracy in conveying semantic content is determined by the success / failure of understanding the deep hidden meaning, which is determined by the understanding of the linguistic and extralinguistic context. The ability to recognize the situation model recreated in the source text is the key to understanding the hidden meaning. The AI system can recreate the surface denotational structure of the text quite correctly and accurately, but is not able to construct a model of the situation at this stage of development.
Validation of the Story World Absorption Scale through annotation of online book reviews
Authors: Kuijpers Moniek M. , Lusetti Massimo , Lendvai Piroska , Rebora Simone 
Published: March 2024

In this paper we present our attempt at validating a self-report instrument developed in the field of empirical literary studies to capture absorption experiences, namely the Story World Absorption Scale (SWAS, Kuijpers, et al. 2014). We used the SWAS as the foundation for a tag set, that targets mentions of absorption in online book reviews. Online book reviews posted on social media platforms are a relatively new form of reader testimonials that can be of use to researchers from different disciplines to investigate reading experience and evaluation, as well as social discourse about reading. This paper discusses the annotation tag set, which was developed through an iterative process, presented alongside a series of inter-annotator agreement studies that show the validity of our annotation process. Finally, it will discuss the validation and reconceptualization of the Story World Absorption construct, where we consider instances of systematic disagreement during annotation and discuss new categories that we added to the tag set that indicate areas where absorption theory may need to be refined.
Influence of Zirconia and Polymerized Microfiller on Some Properties of Polymethyl Methacrylate Denture Base
Authors: Subhi Rasan Duaa , Farhan Firas Abdulameer 
Published: March 2024

يأتي الاستخدام العالمي لبولي ميثيل ميثاكريلات (PMMA) كمادة أساسية لأطقم الأسنان من سهولة المعالجة والإصلاح والتوافق الحيوي والمظهر الجمالي الممتاز. ومع ذلك ، فإن أوجه القصور في مواد البوليمر ، مثل الخواص الميكانيكية والفيزيائية غير كافية. كان الغرض من هذه الدراسة هو تقييم القوة المستعرضة وقابلية البلل PMMA بعد الاختلاط مع جزيئات الزركونيا و PMMA المبلمرة [ZP] كمواد مالئة بنسبة مختلفة. المواد والأساليب: تم اقتراح مجموعتين وفقا لإضافة ZP بنسب مئوية مختلفة إلى ؛ المجموعة A مع 2 ٪ من ZP والمجموعة B مع 4 ٪ من ZP. كانت المجموعة الضابطة بدون إضافة ZP. تم تحضير مسحوق ZP وخلطه مع مسحوق PMMA بالوزن بنسبتين مختلفتين 2٪ و 4٪ [1.2 ميكرومتر و 30٪ ZrO و 0.69 ميكرومتر و 70٪ p-PMMA]. لبلمرة العينات ، تم استخدام إجراء المعالجة الحرارية المعتاد باستخدام حمام مائي ، لكل من اختبارات قوة المرونة وقابلية البلل. تم تحليل البيانات من الدراسة باستخدام تحليل التباين أحادي الاتجاه (ANOVA مع اختبارات Tukey's HSD و Dunnett's T3 اللاحقة) مع قيمة P معنوية تبلغ (p <0.05) .. وكانت النتائج زيادة معنوية في قوة المرونة المستعرضة لوحظت مع إضافة مسحوق ZP إلى PMMA بنسبة 2٪. بينما حدث انخفاض كبير بنسبة 4٪. لوحظت زيادة كبيرة في قابلية البلل بنسبة 2٪ و 4٪. مزيج من زركونيا وجزيئات PMMA المبلمرة المستخدمة كحشو الأسنان في 2 ٪ و 4 ٪ بالوزن. تعزيز وتقليل القوة المستعرضة على التوالي ، في حين عززت قابلية البلل مع زيادة التركيز.
الكلمات المفتاحية: بولي ميثيل ميثاكريلات (PMMA) ، زركونيا ، PMMA مبلمر ، قوة المرونة وقابلية للبلل.