bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sports participation plays a relevant role in the relationship between birth weight and bone mineral content in adolescents
Authors: Urban Jacqueline Bexiga , Torres Wesley , Nunes David Silva , Pelegrini Andreia , Kemper Han C. G. , Fernandes Romulo Araújo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Developmental Origins of Health and Disease hypothesis (DOHaD) proposes that growth during the prenatal period might play a critical role in health, affecting the development of diseases, such as osteoporosis. Bone health is particularly affected by human behaviors when sports participation constitutes the main manifestation of physical exercise. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between birth weight (BW) and bone mineral content (BMC) among adolescents, as well as to identify if sports participation and maturity can affect this relationship. The sample was composed of adolescents with ages ranging from 11 to 18 years, stratified according to normal birth weight (n = 331), low birth weight (n = 36), and macrosomia (n = 47), extracted from a wider cross‐sectional study (ABCD Growth Study). BW was self‐reported by the adolescent's parent. Sports participation was assessed by face‐to‐face interview. BMC was assessed using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. In the multivariate models, the relationships between BW and BMC remained non‐significant, while sports participation was significantly related to BMC on lower limbs among boys (r = 0.154; p value = .001) and BMC of upper limbs among girls (r = 0.124; p value = .044). APHV was related to BMC of upper limbs among boys (r = 0.137; p value = .001). In conclusion, BMC was not affected by BW, while this phenomenon seems to be significantly affected by the positive impact of sports participation and maturation on it.
Experimental investigation on dynamic characteristics of methane/air combustion in double‐layer pellets porous media
Authors: Wang Hui , Wang Ning , Wang Guangshun , Wang Xiangyu , Liu Xiang , Zhu Yuxuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe double‐layer porous media burner is considered as an effective way to realize stable lean‐burn. In order to quickly achieve a stable combustion state in a double‐layer porous media burner, this work investigated the dynamic characteristics of methane/air premixed combustion in a bench‐scale double‐layer porous media burnspanning from ignition to stable combustion and ultimately flameout. The experimental results indicate that regulating the equivalence ratio and the inlet velocity enables the establishment of a stable flame front and the φ = 0.75 and the Vin = 0.20 m/s are the appropriate start‐up conditions. The average propagation velocity of the combustion wave variation along the axial direction and ranged approximately from −0.022 to −0.078 mm/s. Moreover, the transition time to a stable combustion state is reduced by nearly 47.14% as the equivalence ratio increases from 0.60 to 0.70. During start‐up stage, there are significant fluctuations in CO and NOx concentrations, but both emissions remain low during steady combustion state, with the maximum concentrations of 37.5 and 40.2 mg/m3, respectively. Furthermore, the porous media combustion exhibits a pronounced re‐ignition capacity. At higher equivalence ratios, longer interruptions of premixed gas are allowed.
Research on the influence of aeration manners on the mass transfer characteristics of bubbles in multi‐column airlift photobioreactor
Authors: Fu Shuangcheng , Liu Chenxi , Zhou Faqi , Yu Tao , Li Kewei , Zhang Yue , Yan Shenghu , Zhang Xiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMass transfer of bubbles is important in microalgae cultivation. In this study, aiming to improve the microalgae culturing efficiency, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was adopted to study the influence of the aeration manners on mass transfer of bubbles within ascending columns in multi‐column airlift photobioreactor (PBR) and the hydrodynamic conditions within the PBR under different aeration manners. In addition, the bubble generation time, the detachment diameter, and the average volumetric mass transfer coefficient of bubbles in ascending columns were analyzed. Furthermore, the experimental results were compared with the simulation results obtained from microalgae cultivation. The results showed that the whole aeration manner yields the lowest mixing strength and mass transfer efficiency of bubbles at an aeration rate of 0.2 vvm. Conversely, both the mixing strength of the liquid and mass transfer coefficient of bubbles were enhanced under the half and alternate aeration manners. However, the results demonstrated that the distribution of the flow field was not uniform under the half aeration manner and there were obvious high‐speed and low‐speed zones. In contrast, the flow field distribution in the PBR was more uniform under the alternate aeration manner, which was suitable for microalgae cultivation at high concentration. This study effectively enhanced the mixing strength and CO2 transfer rate in the PBR.
A self‐healing polymer electrolyte based on the Diels–Alder reaction in lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Juansu , Bai Guoliang , Wang Chunhua , Geng Tingqing , Wang Jianyu , Liu Xingjiang , Zhou Xuehua , Zhang Jianli 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn lithium‐ion batteries, the polymer electrolyte was susceptible to mechanical damage from external stimuli or internal expansion caused, which in turn affected the performances of the batteries. The thermally reversible self‐healing gel polymer electrolyte (DASHPE) based on the Diels–Alder reaction was prepared to solve the above problems. The DASHPE electrolytes exhibited good flexibility and self‐healing ability, achieving self‐healing at 80°C for 30 min. Furthermore, the DASHPE electrolyte exhibited excellent thermal stability and could withstand temperatures above 300°C. Additionally, it had a wide electrochemical window (about 5 V) and good electrochemical performances. Serving as the electrolyte in lithium‐ion batteries, DASHPE‐2 showed an initial specific capacity of 133.11 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C. The DASHPE electrolyte was expected to be a candidate material for self‐healing battery.
A multi‐metric index for assessing two decades of community responses to broad‐scale shoreline enhancement and restoration along the Toronto waterfront
Authors: Theis Sebastian , Cartwright Lyndsay , Chreston Andrea , Coey Brynn , Graham Brian , Little Don , Poesch Mark , Portiss Rick , Scott Ryan , Wallace Angela , Ruppert Jonathan L. W. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Biodiversity and habitat loss due to historical and continued urbanization and anthropogenic development require continuous efforts to abate ongoing environmental decline. Restoration and enhancement efforts that aim to address biodiversity and habitat loss, have shown some promise at providing suitable habitat for species in the more urbanized nearshore areas of Lake Ontario.
Using 20 years of fish community data from the Toronto waterfront, this study examined ecosystem responses in a spatio‐temporal context across wetland and embayment ecotypes. The goals of this study were to (1) assess how fish communities have changed over time in restored, reference and more and less urbanized nearshore ecosystems and (2) determine if restored and enhanced habitats meet the defined fish community management targets.
Fish communities were assessed through a newly developed multi‐metric index based on species life history traits and habitat associations like trophic and thermal guild.
Fish communities along the waterfront have transitioned from cool and coldwater pelagic species to a higher proportion of native warmwater species, many of them piscivores, associated with cover and vegetation, that meet community targets. These changes are more pronounced at the largest restoration site ‘Tommy Thompson Park’, where community indices approach natural reference levels. This result indicates the benefits and effectiveness of the decade‐long restoration efforts and subsequent monitoring of responses. Our results underline that large‐scale restoration projects in urbanized settings can be of vital importance for freshwater conservation efforts, as well as application scenarios for multi‐metric community indices, and will play an even larger role when looking at Lake Ontario or the Great Lakes as a whole.
Microsatellite instability evaluation by a novel PCR‐based 8‐loci test kit in colorectal cancer
Authors: Xiao Gaofang , Li Jing , Deng Lijun , Gao Shuangquan , Tan Caiyun , He Guiqing , Du Richang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMicrosatellite instability (MSI) assessment is strongly recommended for colorectal cancer patients, as MSI status is crucial in determining optimal treatment and predicting prognosis. This study evaluated the reliability and accuracy of a novel polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based 8‐loci MSI test kit, a rapid test kit designed to detect MSI, by comparing its performance with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) 2B3D Panel. MSI status was determined in 186 formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) colorectal cancer tissue samples with known mismatch repair (MMR) status by IHC using the novel PCR‐based 8‐loci MSI test kit. Additionally, the consistency between the NCI 2B3D Panel and the novel PCR‐based 8‐loci panel was compared using 69 FFPE tumor tissues paired with adjacent non‐cancerous tissue. The novel PCR‐based 8‐loci MSI test kit and IHC demonstrated high concordance (overall agreement: 97.8%). However, four samples displayed discordant results, exhibiting MMR deficiency using IHC and microsatellite stability using the novel PCR‐based 8‐loci MSI test kit. Of the 69 samples reanalyzed using the NCI 2B3D Panel, high concordance with the novel PCR‐based 8‐loci MSI test kit was observed in 67 of 69 cases (overall agreement: 97.1%). The novel PCR‐based 8‐loci MSI test kit is a rapid and reliable tool for accurately detecting MSI status in colorectal cancer.
Structural and thermoluminescence properties of lithium borate glass matrices under UV and beta radiation
Authors: Menezes Daiane de Lima Alves , Zanatta Katia Cristina , Bannwart Enderson Sérgio , Antonelli Eduardo , Rodriguez Chialanza Maurício , Azcune Germán , De Souza José Ezequiel , Rojas de Souza Seila 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the present work, glass samples in the (100 − x)B2O3–xLi2O binary system, with x varying from 30 to 50 mol%, were prepared using the conventional melting and moulding method, with the main objective of evaluating the thermoluminescence response when exposing these materials to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Complementary analysis based on density, optical absorption on the UV–visible region (UV–vis absorbance), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy on the medium region, X‐ray diffraction, and differential thermal analysis measurements were performed. Thermoluminescence measurements of vitreous samples showed glow curves with at least one peak with a maximum temperature of ~170°C after exposure to UV radiation in the temperature range 50–250°C. Samples were also exposed to beta radiation in the temperature range 25–275°C, also showing single peaks with a maximum temperature of ~150°C.
The perception of time is slowed in response to exercise, an effect not further compounded by competitors: behavioral implications for exercise and health
Authors: Edwards Andrew Mark , Menting Stein Gerrit Paul , Elferink‐Gemser Marije Titia , Hettinga Florentina Johanna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe theory of relativity postulates that time is relative to context and exercise seems such a situation. The purpose of this study was to examine whether situational factors such as perceived exertion and the introduction of an opponent influence competitors’ perception of time.MethodsThirty‐three recreationally active adults (F = 16; M = 17) performed three standardized 4‐km cycling trials in a randomized order. Velotron 3D software was used to create a visual, virtual environment representing (1) a solo time trial (FAM and SO), (2) a time trial with a passive opponent avatar (PO), and (3) a time trial with an opponent avatar and participant instruction to actively finish the trial before the opponent (AO). Participants were asked to estimate a 30‐s time period using a standardized protocol for reproducibility before exercise at 500 m, 1500 m, 2500 m, and post exercise. Rate of perceived exertion (RPE) was measured throughout the trials.ResultsExercise trials revealed that time was perceived to run “slow” compared to chronological time during exercise compared to resting and post‐exercise measurements (p < 0.001). There was no difference between exercise conditions (SO, PO, and AO) or time points (500 m, 1500 m, and 2500 m). RPE increased throughout the trials.ConclusionThe results of this study demonstrate for the first time that exercise both with and without the influence of opponents influences time perception. This finding has important implications for healthy exercise choices and also for optimal performance. Independent of RPE, time was perceived to move slower during exercise, underpinning inaccurate pacing and decision‐making across physical activities.
Goal maintainers' preferences: The influence of goal type on self‐control means choices
Authors: Zhang Lan , Bian Xuemei , Zheng Chundong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis research examines how goal type (i.e., attainment vs. maintenance) affects consumers' preferences for different means of self‐control (i.e., initiatory vs. inhibitory). Across four studies, the authors demonstrate that pursuing maintenance versus attainment goals decreases the willingness to choose inhibitory self‐control but not initiatory self‐control. The effect is primarily attributed to two reasons: distinct decision concerns when choosing the means for attainment and maintenance goals; and asymmetry when evaluating initiatory and inhibitory self‐control. The effects are consistent across cultures and domains and impact consumers' purchase and real‐life behaviours. These findings shed light on the relationship between goal type and self‐control preferences and offer insights to both consumers and marketers on how to engage in self‐control for long‐term goals.
Empyema necessitans as a rare manifestation of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Zeinali Nezhad Nazanin , Gholami Shahrebabak Aazam , Shahpar Amirhossein 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageEmpyema necessitans (EN) is a rare complication of empyema, in which pus accumulates within the pleural space and spreads through the chest wall, leading to the formation of a subcutaneous abscess. This condition presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its rarity and potential for serious complications. Here, we present the case of an 8‐year‐old boy with a history of parapneumonic effusion that was incompletely treated due to a lack of fibrinolytic agent injection. He presented with fever, chills, a productive cough, and left‐sided chest pain with yellowish purulent secretions from the left chest wall. The patient was diagnosed with EN caused by Staphylococcus aureus, which has occurred due to inadequate treatment and the lack of administration of a fibrinolytic agent injection for the patient. He was treated with broad‐spectrum antibiotics, video‐assisted thoracic surgery, and a chest tube for complete drainage. The patient showed a smooth and uneventful recovery, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment of EN to avoid further complications. This case report aims to increase awareness among clinicians about the importance of early recognition and appropriate management of EN to improve patient outcomes.
Guidance for systematic reviews in journal author instructions: Findings and recommendations for editorial teams
Authors: Pauwels Nele S. , Koobasi Muguet , Fry Andra , Vandendriessche Thomas , Wittevrongel Annie , Ødegaard Marte 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionSystematic reviews play a crucial role in informing clinical decision‐making, policy formulation, and evidence‐based practice. However, despite the existence of well‐established guidelines, inadequately executed and reported systematic reviews continue to be published. These highly cited reviews not only pose a threat to the credibility of science but also have substantial implications for medical decision‐making. This study aims to evaluate and recommend improvements to the author instructions of biomedical and health journals concerning the conducting and reporting of systematic reviews.MethodsA sample of 168 journals was selected based on systematic reviews published between 2020 and 2021, taking into account their Altmetric attention score, citation impact, and mentions in Altmetric Explorer. Author instructions were downloaded, and data extraction was carried out using a standardized web form. Two reviewers independently extracted data, and discrepancies were resolved by a third reviewer. The findings were presented using descriptive statistics, and recommendations for editorial teams were formulated. The protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework Registries (osf. io/bym8d).ResultsOne‐third of the journals lack tailored guidance for systematic reviews, as demonstrated by the absence of references to conducting or reporting guidelines, protocol registration, data sharing, and the involvement of an information specialist. Half of the author instructions do not include a dedicated section on systematic reviews, hampering the findability of tailored information. The involvement of information specialists is seldom acknowledged. Ultimately, the absence of an update date in most author instructions raises concerns about the incorporation of the most recent developments and tools for systematic reviews.ConclusionJournals that make substantial contributions to synthesizing evidence in biomedicine and health are missing an opportunity to provide clear guidance within their author instructions regarding the conducting and reporting of reliable systematic reviews. This not only fails to inform future authors but also potentially compromises the quality of this frequently published research type. Furthermore, there is a need for greater recognition of the added value of information specialists to the systematic review and publishing processes. This article provides recommendations drawn from the study's observations, aiming to help editorial teams enhance author instructions and, consequently, potentially assisting systematic reviewers in improving the quality of their reviews.
Impact of Sonic Hedgehog‐dependent sphenoid bone defect on craniofacial growth
Authors: Guyodo Hélène , Rizzo Aurélie , Diab Farah , Noury Fanny , Mironov Svetlana , de Tayrac Marie , David Véronique , Odent Sylvie , Dubourg Christèle , Dupé Valérie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe main objective of this study was to evaluate how an apparently minor anomaly of the sphenoid bone, observed in a haploinsufficient mouse model for Sonic Hedgehog (Shh), affects the growth of the adult craniofacial region. This study aims to provide valuable information to orthodontists when making decisions regarding individuals carrying SHH mutation.Materials and MethodsThe skulls of embryonic, juvenile and adult mice of two genotypes (Shh heterozygous and wild type) were examined and measured using landmark‐based linear dimensions. Additionally, we analysed the clinical characteristics of a group of patients and their relatives with SHH gene mutations.ResultsIn the viable Shh+/− mouse model, bred on a C57BL/6J background, we noted the presence of a persistent foramen at the midline of the basisphenoid bone. This particular anomaly was attributed to the existence of an ectopic pituitary gland. We discovered that this anomaly led to premature closure of the intrasphenoidal synchondrosis and contributed to craniofacial deformities in adult mice, including a longitudinally shortened skull base. This developmental anomaly is reminiscent of that commonly observed in human holoprosencephaly, a disorder resulting from a deficiency in SHH activity. However, sphenoid morphogenesis is not currently monitored in individuals carrying SHH mutations.ConclusionHaploinsufficiency of Shh leads to isolated craniofacial skeletal hypoplasia in adult mouse. This finding highlights the importance of radiographic monitoring of the skull base in all individuals with SHH gene mutations.
Compared to oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine, botulinum toxin type A is a useful therapeutic option for trigeminal neuralgia symptoms: A systematic review
Authors: Naderi Yeganeh , Rad Maryam , Sadatmoosavi Ali , Khaleghi Elham , Khorrami Zahra , Chamani Goli , Shabani Mohammad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis review aimed to compare the effectiveness of three treatments: BTX A, CBZ, and OXB, in managing trigeminal neuralgia (TN).Material and MethodsWe conducted a thorough search for research articles related to our issue using specific keywords on several databases, including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Elsevier, Springer Journals, Ovid Medline, EBSCO, and Web of Science. Our focus was on publications from 1965 to 2023.ResultsWe retrieved 46 articles from the search and reviewed them carefully. Out of these, we selected 29 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Among the selected articles, 11 investigated the effects of CBZ and OXB, while 18 explored the impact of BTX A on the improvement of TN symptoms. The response rate ranged between 56% and 90.5% for CBZ and between 90.9% and 94% for OXB. The response rate for BTX A ranged between 51.4% and 100%. All these three treatments had a remarkable effect on the improvement of TN. Importantly, findings highlighted that side effects of CBZ and OXB could lead to treatment discontinuation in some cases, whereas BTX A's side effects have been minimal and less frequent.ConclusionsConsequently, BTX A emerges as a promising alternative for TN treatment. However, additional clinical trials are necessary to validate this finding, and further research is required to establish a standardized protocol for administering BTX A in TN.