bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An In-depth Study of Sustainable Packaging Strategies in Supply Chains: Perspectives from Industry Experts
Authors: Gupta Reena 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This qualitative study delves into the complex landscape of sustainable packaging strategies within supply chains, drawing insights from in-depth interviews with industry experts. With mounting pressure to address environmental concerns, businesses are increasingly compelled to reassess their packaging practices. Through purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews, diverse perspectives emerged, highlighting the multifaceted nature of sustainability considerations in packaging design and decision-making. The findings underscored the importance of balancing environmental objectives with functional requirements, cost considerations, and consumer preferences. Collaboration and partnerships emerged as critical enablers of sustainable packaging innovation, emphasizing the need for cross-sector collaboration to develop holistic solutions. Regulatory requirements and consumer preferences were identified as significant drivers of sustainable packaging adoption, underlining the interconnectedness of policy, market forces, and consumer behavior. Despite growing momentum, challenges such as cost considerations, technological limitations, and supply chain complexities persist, necessitating continued innovation and investment. Moreover, the study emphasized the role of consumer education and behavior change in driving sustainable packaging adoption, highlighting the need for targeted communication campaigns. Overall, the findings contribute to theory, practice, and policy by deepening our understanding of the dynamic interplay between sustainability imperatives, business objectives, and stakeholder dynamics within supply chains.
Modelling of PSM to predict the stress in sheet drawing
Authors: Rui-bin MEI , Li BAO , Tan-qiu CHEN , Qun-jiao WANG , Xiang-hua LIU 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The solution of stress and load of metal sheet deep drawing serves as a primary basis for guiding production, verifying strength of molds, and optimizing processes. Based on the differential equations, boundary conditions, and model simplification, the stress distribution functions and load solution equations for the drawing deformation process with a blank holder were established and compared with finite element method (FEM) results under the same conditions. Due to the thickness of the flange in deformation zone remains basically unchanged under the action of blank holder, it is reasonable to simplify the solution of deformation to plane strain problem. The PSM and FEM predict that the radial tensile stress and circumferential compressive stress in the flange zones remain basically consistent trends, and the relative error of most of predicted results is less than 5%. The PSM model is unable to consider the influence of the die fillet bending on the stress state of inner and outer sides, leads to the calculated stress and load slightly higher than that of FEM. The solution of stress and load solution by PSM model is reliable and convenient, and the FEM predicts more detailed and accurate results but need consume much larger calculating time. This research is of great significance for improving the teaching efficient and engineering applications of PSM in sheet deep drawing deformation.
Spatiotemporal distributions of animal rabies disease outbreaks from 2018–2023 in western Amhara region, Ethiopia
Authors: Demil Endehsaw , Shime Alemineh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Rabies is a vaccine-preventable, zoonotic viral disease that can be transmitted mostly by bites from an infected rabid dog. Every year, rabies kills many humans and animals in the western Amhara region due to the widespread nature of the disease and inadequate rabies prevention and control efforts. However, there is limited sub-regional level information on the extent of the disease. Therefore, we studied the sub-regional burden and distribution of rabies among animals. We conducted a retrospective descriptive study on rabies using data from the Bahir Dar animal health investigation and diagnostic laboratory over six years (2018–2023). We analyzed the incidence, mortality rates, and temporal and regional trends. Microsoft Excel and qGIS version 2.18 were used for descriptive and spatial analysis, respectively. The whole study showed that 152 outbreaks with 666 probable cases and 510 deaths occurred within six years of record keeping. There were 93 outbreaks in dogs, followed by 35 in cattle. The highest number of outbreaks, 37, happened in 2019. In comparison to other zones in the western Amhara region, the East Gojjam zone experienced the most outbreaks (60). In conclusion, rabies is a problem in western Amhara region, causing sickness and death of animals. It is recommended that the suspected case be confirmed and that the dog population be broadly vaccinated in order to prevent and control infections in the region.
A regime shift in soil moisture triggered by selective logging in Bornean lowland tropical rainforests
Authors: Qin Qianning , Aoyagi Ryota , Takeshige Ryuichi , Kitayama Kanehiro 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Context
Aboveground biomass removal and canopy opening by selective logging modifies soil moisture in the main root zone, impacting soil aeration and various biogeochemical processes in tropical production forests.
Objectives
This study investigated the relationship between canopy damages and topsoil (10 cm) moisture in logged-over forests in Malaysian Borneo, controlling for logging intensity, time elapsed from logging, and spatial autocorrelation.
Methods
Volumetric soil water content (VSWC), canopy height model (CHM), leaf area index (LAI), and historical logging data were collected from 84 transects in 15 sites exhibiting varying canopies. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to canopy structure metrics (CSM) derived from CHM and LAI for each transect. The first principal component (PC1) quantified canopy structural degradation and was analyzed in comparison to topography for the relationship with VSWC across logging periods. VSWC spatial autocorrelation was examined in relation to canopy conditions.
Results
VSWC increased from 0.27 m3 m− 3 to over 0.4 m3 m− 3 after logging. In the study area, PC1 was a stronger predictor of VSWC than topography was. Wettest soils were found underneath the most degraded canopies, despite of a higher evaporative demand combined with higher vapor pressure deficit.
Conclusions
This study revealed soil wetting after selective logging in humid tropical forests, driven by reduced transpiration from biomass loss rather than increased evaporative demand from canopy opening. The elevated soil water regime could disrupt carbon and nitrogen cycling and impede forest succession, and its coupling with increased evaporative demand increases the overall vulnerability of disturbed tropical rainforests.
rs140926439 variant in the Fibronectin FN1 gene protects against Alzheimer’s disease in APOEε4 carriers in the UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Lehrer Steven , Rheinstein Peter 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: A protective genetic variant in the fibronectin FN1 gene reduces the odds of developing AD by up to 70%. This variant, rs140926439, seems to prevent the buildup of excess fibronectin at the blood brain barrier. Increased fibronectin levels are typically observed in people with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), but the protective variant appears to counteract its effects.
Methods: In the current study, we analyzed the relationship of FN1 SNP rs140926439, APOEε4, and AD in the UK Biobank cohort.
Results: When rs140926439 was absent, 0.10% of APOEε2/3 carriers had AD while 0.40% of APOEε4 carriers or homozygotes had AD. This difference was significant (p < 0.001, 2 tail Fisher exact test). When rs140926439 was present, 0.10% of APOEε2/3 carriers had AD while 0.10% of APOEε4 carriers or homozygotes had AD. This difference was insignificant (p = 1). To examine the overall relationship of rs140926439 and APOE isoform to AD, we used the univariate general linear model, AD (present or absent) dependent variable, rs140926439 (present or absent) and APOE isoform (APOEε2/3 or APOEε4 carrier or homozygote) as fixed factors. The effect of rs140926439 was significant (p = 0.030). The effect of APOE isoform was significant (p = 0.034). There was also a significant interaction between rs140926439 and APOE isoform (p = 0.030).
Conclusion: Fibronectin is an adhesive molecule that is essential to wound healing, especially to the production of extracellular matrix and reepithelialization. Some cases of AD may be due to the initiation of the brain wound healing process, often in the absence of any actual wound. NSAIDS may reduce risk of AD because they potently inhibit wound healing. FN1 appears to be a key player in AD, and its protective variant could offer insights into potential therapeutic targets. However, further research is needed to fully understand the intricate mechanisms underlying AD and to develop effective treatments.
Topological Insights into Nanostar Dendrimers by Computing the
Augmented Zagreb Index
Authors: Ghazwani Haleemah , Koam Ali N. A. , Nadeem Muhammad Faisal , Ahmad Ali 
Published: April 2024

Background::
The field of nanobiotechnology uses precise nanofabrication techniques
to advance our understanding and control of biological systems. Due to their remarkable
properties, dendrimers, which are hyperbranched macromolecular structures with distinct and
well-defined architectures, have emerged as pivotal entities within this field. They are gaining
increasing attention for their potential to catalyze a paradigm shift in medical therapeutics, biotechnological
applications, and advanced material sciences.

Objective::
This paper focuses on a novel analytical expression and determines the precise value
of the augmented Zagreb index, a topological descriptor, for eight classes of nanostar dendrimers.

Methods::
The Zagreb index is a topological invariant to predict molecular behaviour and reactivity.
In this paper, we have explored its application in characterizing the branching of nanostar
dendrimers through computational modelling and mathematical rigor.

Results::
Our research has measured the augmented Zagreb index for nanostar dendrimers,
which fall into eight distinct classes. The results better explain the relationship between the dendrimers'
topology and chemical properties. This correlation has implications for their structural
stability and reactivity, potentially leading to new applications.

Conclusion::
Developing the augmented Zagreb index for nanostar dendrimers is a significant
breakthrough in nanobiotechnology. Based on the correlation between the calculated topological
index and the corresponding molecular attributes, our analytical approach has opened up new
possibilities for designing and synthesizing dendrimers tailored to specific functions in medical
and material science applications. This precise topological quantification could significantly enhance
the utility and functionalization of dendrimers in cutting-edge nanotechnological applications.
IL-7R Expression Correlates with Prognosis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Yu Xiaojie , Zhang Hao , Liu Jing , Hou Changran , Zhang Haojie , Yang Zhenlin 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The tumor microenvironment (TME) exerts a significant influence on
the development, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance of breast cancer. Therefore, this study
sought to investigate potential prognostic factors and markers indicative of TME remodeling in
breast cancer, utilizing data from the TCGA database.

Methods:
In this study, transcriptome RNA-seq data from 1222 breast cancer samples were processed using CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE algorithms. We conducted a differential gene expression analysis utilizing COX regression analysis and constructed protein-protein interaction
(PPI) networks for enhanced visualization. Through univariate COX analysis and cross-analysis
within PPI networks, the Interleukin-7 receptor (IL-7R) emerged as a potential predictor. Subsequently, we performed a comprehensive investigation encompassing single-gene survival analysis, clinical correlation assessment, and GSEA enrichment analysis targeting IL-7R as a core
gene associated with prognosis. We examined the expression of IL-7R in human breast cancer
and normal breast tissue through clinical studies and cytology experiments, followed by an indepth analysis of the relationship between IL-7R and breast cancer.

Results:
The survival analysis revealed that breast cancer patients with elevated IL-7R expression experienced prolonged survival compared to those with lower IL-7R levels. Results obtained from the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, along with clinical and cellular experiments, indicated
higher IL-7R expression in tumor samples compared to normal samples. Correlation tests conducted between IL-7R expression and clinicopathological stage characteristics highlighted statistically significant associations between IL-7R expression and the T and M stages. Additionally,
cell classification analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIC) proportion showed that activated CD4+ T cells and CD8 T cells of memory B cells were positively correlated with IL-7R
expression. These findings further underscored the impact of IL-7R levels on the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Conclusion:
IL-7R emerges as a potential prognostic indicator for breast cancer patients, particularly in sustaining the immunoactive status of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and contributing to immune reconstitution. These findings offer novel insights into breast cancer treatment
strategies.
Nanogels as Drug Delivery Carrier: A Narrative Review on Formulation
Techniques, Characterization, Applications, and Patents
Authors: Kumari Alpana , Bhardwaj Kamini , Mishra Supriya , Singh Lubhan , Pottoo Faheem Hyder , Yasir Mohd 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Under the umbrella of targeted drug delivery systems, several techniques are unleashed in the market that allow a drug or other pharmacologically active material to be delivered to the target cell to treat a condition or health problem. The improvement of the pharmaceutical delivery systems' effectiveness, safety, and stability is accomplished through the Formulation of the nano-gel-based delivery system. Nanogels are aqueous dispersions of submicronsized, three-dimensional, strongly cross-linked networks of hydrophilic polymers that are inflated by water. Through a variety of delivery routes, such as oral, pulmonary, nasal, parenteral, and
intraocular, an active pharmaceutical agent or therapeutic agent with a high or low molecular
weight can be easily encapsulated into nanogels. Nanogels have been researched as drug delivery systems due to their beneficial qualities, such as biocompatibility, high stability, flexible
particle size, drug loading capacity, and potential surface modification for active targeting by
attaching ligands that recognize cognate receptors on target cells or tissues. By responding to
internal or external stimuli, including pH, temperature, light, and redox, nano gels can be made
to be stimulus-responsive, allowing for regulated drug release. Thus, in the fact of said characteristics’ of nano gels, this review manuscript aims to provide an overview of characterization,
evaluation, formulation technique, recent applications, and patents of nano gels.
Identification of Critical Genes Differentiating Stable and Unstable
Atherosclerotic Plaques: A Bioinformatic and Computational Analysis
Authors: Mahjoubin-Tehran Maryam , Santos Raul D. , Almahmeed Wael , Al-Rasadi Khalid , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Identification of biomarkers to distinguish between stable and unstable
plaque formation would be very useful to predict plaque vulnerability.

Methods:
We downloaded microarray profiles of gene set enrichment (GSE) accession numbers
including GSE71226 and GSE20680 (group A: containing healthy vs stable plaque samples) and
GSE62646 and GSE34822 (group B: containing stable vs unstable plaque samples) from Gene expression
omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes were compared in both data sets
of each group.

Results:
Ten and 12 key genes were screened in groups A and B, respectively. Gene Ontology
(GO) enrichment was applied by the plugin “BiNGO” (Biological networks gene ontology tool) of
the Cytoscape. The key genes were mostly enriched in the biological process of positive regulation
of the cellular process. The protein-protein interaction and co-expression network were analyzed
by the STRING (search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes/proteins) and GeneMANIA
(gene multiple association network integration algorithm) plugin of Cytoscape, respectively,
which showed that Epidermal growth factor (EGF), Heparin-binding EGF like growth factor
(HBEGF), and Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) were at the core of the network. Further validation
of key genes using two datasets showed that Phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A) and Protein S
(PROS1) were decreased in unstable plaques, while Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS3),
HBEGF, and Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B4 (LILRB4) were increased.

Conclusion:
The present study used several datasets to identify key genes associated with stable
and unstable atherosclerotic plaque.
Synthesis, Characterization and Preliminary Screening of New N-Substituted -8-Methyl-4-Hydroxy-2-Quinolone -3-Carboxamides as Potential Anticancer Agents
Authors: Altaher Dania , Zalloum Hiba , Sweidan Kamal , Sabbah Dima A. , AlSalamat Husam , Sunjuk Mahmoud , Isleem Reem 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
A new series of 4-hydroxy-8-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxamide derivatives has been synthesized in good yields, followed by complete characteri-zation using 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, and IR techniques.

Methods:
The final products contain amide, hydroxyl, and aromatic functional groups that usu-ally show significant bioactivity. The target products have been examined towards three cancer cell lines, namely colorectal cancer cell line (HCT116), breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), and leukemia cell line (K562) in addition to the fibroblast cells, that were used as a model for normal human tissue.

Results:
The anticancer results signified that compound 6 showed the most activity in the series accomplished with IC50 values of 14.6, 5.3 and 12.8 μM,

Conclusion:
Other compounds exhibited considerable activity, such as compounds 9 (IC50 3.5 and 19.0 μM), 10 (IC50 12.6 μM), and 11 (IC50 10.3 μM) against the three cancer cell lines HCT116, MCF-7 and K562, respectively.
T2 Relaxation Time in Extraocular Muscles of Patients with Mild Thyroid-
Associated Ophthalmopathy: Comparing T2 Mapping With and Without Fat
Suppression Using Different Measurement Methods
Authors: Li Defu , Guo Xuejun , Zeng Jianguo , Feng Huijie , Zhu Tingting , Li Hongbing 
Published: April 2024

Objective::
This study aimed to compare the parametric value of T2 with and without fat suppression (FS) on T2 mapping for the evaluation of extraocular
muscles (EOMs) in mild thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO).

Methods::
We prospectively recruited 44 consecutive patients with mild TAO seen between May 2020 and October 2022 and 26 healthy controls with no
history of eye- or thyroid-related or other autoimmune diseases. Patients with mild TAO were subdivided into active and inactive groups based on
their clinical activity scores. The T2 of each EOM was measured over a large and small area of interest on T2-mapping images with and without
FS. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of T2 for detecting TAO activity.

Results::
The T2 was significantly and heterogeneously higher in the active group than in the inactive and control groups (P < 0.05). FS-T2-mapping images
had better signal display within and at the edges of the EOMs than those without FS. It was possible to observe high-signal aggregation visible in
the periphery of some EOMs, and the central part showed relatively low signals. The maximum T2 measured in small or large areas with and
without FS had good diagnostic efficacy for TAO activity, with that of no-FS being better (the area under the ROC curve of the maximum T2
measured in a small area and a large area without FS was 1.0 and 1.0 and P values of < 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion::
Maximal T2 with or without FS can facilitate the early clinical detection of mild TAO activity. The maximum T2 in a small area can facilitate
active staging of patients with mild TAO.
Classification of Colorectal Cancer using ResNet and EfficientNet Models
Authors: Abhishek   , Ranjan Abhishek , Srivastva Priyanshu , Prabadevi B , Rajagopal Sivakumar , Soangra Rahul , Subramaniam Shamala K. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction
Cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases from children to elderly adults. This will be deadly if not detected at an earlier stage of the cancerous cell formation, thereby increasing the mortality rate. One such cancer is colorectal cancer, caused due to abnormal growth in the rectum or colon. Early screening of colorectal cancer helps to identify these abnormal growth and can exterminate them before they turn into cancerous cells.

Aim
Therefore, this study aims to develop a robust and efficient classification system for colorectal cancer through Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) on histological images.

Methods
Despite challenges in optimizing model architectures, the improved CNN models like ResNet34 and EfficientNet34 could enhance Colorectal Cancer classification accuracy and efficiency, aiding doctors in early detection and diagnosis, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes.

Results
ResNet34 outperforms the EfficientNet34.

Conclusion
The results are compared with other models in the literature, and ResNet34 outperforms all the other models.
An IoT-driven COVID and Smart Health Check Monitoring System
Authors: Panda Subhashree , Abinaya N , Preetha K S , Velmurugan T , Nandakumar S 
Published: April 2024

Introduction
The current global threat posed by the novel severe respiratory disease Corona Virus 2 is the most serious global public health disaster. The Internet of Things (IoT) is redefining innovative medical approaches. It is the progressing medical care frameworks from conventional by allowing patients to be more easily diagnosed, and checked.

Methods
In this paper, a convenient physiological scrutinizing groundwork is presented, which will allow us to continually monitor the patient's body temperature, blood oxygen level, saline levels, and respiration rate alongside cough detection. In both indoor and outdoor environments, note the temperature, humidity, and the position of any hazardous gasses.

Results
The data are saved on the web server, from which the person can access it from all over the world via an online connection.

Conclusion
We established a notification system for significant changes in sensor information via a web page, email, and SMS alerts with buzzer activation during an emergency.