bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
M2, A novel myelomonocytic cell surface antigen and its distribution on leukemic cells
Authors: Majdic Otto , Bettelheim Peter , Stockinger Hannes , Aberer Werner , Liszka Kristof , Lutz Dieter , Knapp Walter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe selectivity of a novel myelomonocytic cell surface antigen, designated M2, has been assessed in a series of 208 leukemias. The M2 antigen is defined by a monoclonal antibody (VIM‐2) of the IgM class. Its expression within the normal hemopoietic system is restricted to myelomonocytic cells. Lymphocytes, erythrocytes, thrombocytes and their morphologically recognizable precursors are negative. Sixty of the 66 acute myeloblastic leukemias (= 91%) and 28 of the 30 myeloid blast crises of CML patients (= 93%) were M2‐positive. As expected from our findings with normal myeloid cells, the myeloid cells found in stable phase of CML were also in all instances, M2‐positive. Quite in contrast, lymphoid cells from patients with B‐CLL, T‐CLL, prolymphocytic leukemia, hairy‐cell leukemia, lymphoblastic lymphoma, Sézary syndrome, from CML patients in lymphoid blast crisis and from the majority of patients with ALL, were completely M2‐negative. Also negative were the blast cells of patients with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia and acute erythroleukemia. A direct comparison of M2 expression with the display of the 3‐fucosyl‐N‐acetyllactosamine determinant, the structure recognized by most of the anti‐myeloid monoclonal antibodies reported so far, shows that more AMLs are M2‐positive and the proportion of M2‐positive blast cells in individual AML samples is higher.
Monoclonal antibodies identify a cea crossreacting antigen of 95 kD (NCA‐95) distinct in antigenicity and tissue distribution from the previously described NCA of 55 kD
Authors: Buchegger Franz , Schreyer Magali , Carrel Stephan , Mach Jean‐Pierre 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring the selection of monoclonal antibodies (MAb) raised against purified carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), two MAbs were identified which immunoprecipitated a glycoprotein of 95 kD present both in perchloric acid extracts of normal lung and on the surface of normal granulocytes. This antigen was distinct from the previously reported normal glycoprotein crossreacting with CEA (NCA) which had a molecular weight of 55 kD. The difference between the smaller and the larger crossreacting antigens termed NCA‐55 and NCA‐95, respectively, was demonstrated by SDS‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, by elution from Sephadex‐G200 and by selective binding to a series of anti‐CEA MAb. Out of six MAb which all bound CEA purified from colon carcinoma, three did not react with these two crossreacting antigens, one bound only NCA‐95, one reacted only with NCA‐55 and one reacted with both NCA‐55 and NCA‐95. Immunoadsorbent purified preparations of 125I labelled NCA‐95 and NCA‐55 were found useful for the screening of new anti‐CEA MAb. In addition, when tested on frozen sections of colon carcinoma, normal spleen, normal lung and pancreas, each type of MAb gave a clearly different pattern of reactivity. The three anti‐CEA MAb which did not bind any of the crossreacting antigens stained only the colon carcinoma cells; the MAb binding to either one of the two types of NCA gave a similar pattern of reactivity both on colon carcinoma cells and on granulocytes. However, on normal lung and pancreas, the MAb binding NCA‐55 stained granulocytes as well as bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells in lung and inter‐ and intra‐lobular duct epithelial cells in pancreas, whereas the MAb binding only NCA‐95 stained only the granulocytes. Thus, the newly identified NCA‐95 appears to differ from NCA‐55 not only in terms of molecular size and antigenicity but also by the fact that in normal lung and pancreas it is found in granulocytes but not in epithelial cells.
Characterization of In vitro immunoselected variants from a highly metastatic murine tumor for alterations in malignant behavior in vivo
Authors: Liteplo R. G. , Frost P. , Donaghue T. P. , Kerbel R. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new Ly‐6.2− antigen‐loss variant (called L61‐MI) of the highly metastatic DBA/2 mouse (Ly‐6.2+) MDAY‐D2 tumor has been obtained by means of a monoclonal anti‐Ly‐6.2 antibody in an in vitro immunoselection technique. Whereas L61‐MI grew poorly when inoculated subcutaneously into the syngeneic host, it grew and metastasized in a similar way to the parental MDAY‐D2 tumor when inoculated into immunosuppressed, athymic nude mice. L61‐MI as well as another Ly‐6.2− variant of the same MDAY‐D2 tumor (called L61) which is poorly metastatic in the syngeneic host salvaged exogenous fucose into glycoproteins and glycolipids at rates 5.5 and 7.8 times that of the parental MDAY‐D2 line. In contrast, the Ly‐6.2− variants exhibited a 50–70% decrease in the incorporation of exogenous mannose into glycoproteins and glycolipids. L61‐MI and L61 also exhibited alterations in the structures of the oligosaccharide moieties linked to the cell surface glycoproteins and/or glycolipids. Thus, the in vitro immunoselection technique can be used to obtain a panel of variants with stable phenotypic alterations in their growth and metastatic capacities. Such mutants may, like previously described lectin‐resistant mutants, be useful in studying the contribution of cell surface glycoproteins and glycolipids to tumorigenicity and metastasis.
Cytotoxic action of retinoidal butenolides on mouse neuroblastoma and rat glioma cells
Authors: Higashida Haruhiro , Miki Naomasa , Ito Masayoshi , Iwata Tsutomu , Tsukida Kiyoshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractProliferation and death were measured in cultures of mouse neuroblastoma N18TG‐2 and rat glioma C6BU‐1 cells when treated with up to 100 μM retinoidal butenolides (RB 1‐6). The number of viable cells in each case was measured with various concentrations of the compounds, of which RB‐3 (5‐hydroxy‐4‐[2‐(2,6,6‐trimethyl‐1‐cyclohexen‐1‐yl) ethenyl]‐2(5H)‐furanone) was the most potent in destroying the cells after 2 days' incubation. ED50 of RB‐3 was about 5 × 10−7 M for both types of cell. RB‐3 was 80 times more potent than retinoic acid. Ten analogues of RB‐3 had a similar inhibitory effect on DNA synthesis in N18TG‐2 cells. The degenerative changes caused by RB‐3 in C6BU‐1 cells were irreversible even when the cells were exposed to it for 2 h. Tumor weights of N18TG‐2 cells that had been inoculated subcutaneously onto the backs of A/J mice were 30‐40% lower than those of untreated controls after 14 days of single daily i.p. injections of RB‐3 doses of 100 mg/kg of body weight. The results indicate that RB‐3 is cytotoxic in murine tumor cells originating from the nervous system and has an inhibitory effect on neuroblastoma‐tumor growth in mice.
Substances that can trigger activation of the alternative pathway of complement have anti‐melanoma activity in mice
Authors: Cooper Peter D. , Sim Robert B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIntraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of substances that can ignite the alternative pathway of complement, namely isolated human C3b or C3(H2O), guinea‐pig C3(H2O) or cobra venom factor, or conventionally prepared zymosan, will reproducibly and very significantly increase the mean survival time of C57BL mice previously inoculated i.p. with melanoma cells. The effect is greater at higher doses and earlier post‐inoculation (p.i.) administration, but the substances are active at low doses (30–100 μg/mouse) if given early enough. It is likely that C3b or C3(H2O) was the previously unidentified anti‐tumour factor activated in serum by S. aureus treatment or serum fractionation and described elsewhere. Activation of the alternative pathway of complement appears to have potential interest for cancer therapy.
Properties of a herpesvirus‐transformed hamster cell line: Immunogenicity of sublines of high and low metastatic potential
Authors: Teale David M. , Rees Robert C. , Clark Anthony , Potter Christopher W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe immunogenicity of a herpesvirus hominis type‐2‐transformed hamster cell line (HSV‐2–333–2–26) of low spontaneous metastatic ability was compared with that of its two in vivo‐derived sublines of increased metastatic potential. The parent (HSV‐2–333–2–26) tumour was immunogenic as assessed by protection against tumour challenge afforded by implantation of irradiated tumour cells or tissue. In contrast, the two metastatic sublines, designated Met A and Met B, were non‐immunogenic as defined by the above critera. However, the parent Met A and Met B tumours were shown to possess a common antigen(s), since immunization with irradiated parent tumour cells afforded protection to challenge with Met A or Met B. Immunization with the metastatic sublines, however, gave no protection to homologous or heterologous tumour challenge. Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) inoculated in admixture with irradiated tumour cells and followed 7 days later by one immunization with X‐irradiated tumour cells alone, increased host immunocompetence to subsequent homologous or cross‐tumour cell challenge with parent, Met A or Met B cells. The immunity raised by using BCG plus irradiated tumour cells was shown to be specific to antigens expressed on the HSV‐2 parent cell line and its metastatic sublines. In addition, BCG admixed with live inocula of parent, Met A or Met B cells induced contact suppression of in vivo tumour growth of the parent cells, but not of Met A or Met B cells. It is suggested from these studies that the parent tumour possesses a tumour‐specific transplantation antigen(s)(TSTAs) which is not functionally active on its metastatically derived sublines. Common antigens, shared between the parent and Met A and Met B cells, are detectable by cross‐challenge experiments, but they themselves appear not to be immunologically offensive. The loss of immunogenicity is discussed as a possible mechanism for the in vivo selection of sublines with increased metastatic potential.
Transformation of atla‐negative leukocytes by blood components from anti‐ATLA‐positive donors In vitro
Authors: Miyamoto Kanji , Tomita Noriko , Ishii Akio , Nishizaki Takeshi , Kitajima Ko‐Ichi , Tanaka Toshio , Nakamura Takashi , Watanabe Sekiko , Oda Takuzo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAnti‐ATLA‐positive blood components transformed healthy human leukocytes in vitro. Blood components examined were packed red cells, whole blood, platelet concentrate and fresh frozen plasma. Leukocytes present in anti‐ATLA‐positive blood components such as packed red cells, whole blood and platelet concentrate easily transformed anti‐ATLA‐negative leukocytes. Co‐culture in fresh frozen plasma, however, did not transform recipient leukocytes, and leukocytes of anti‐ATLA‐positive recipients proved refractory to transformation. The transformed cells were morphologically lymphoid, grew in suspension, and possessed normal recipient karyotypes except in the case of three platelet concentrates. A high proportion of all the transformed populations formed Erosettes with neuraminidase‐treated sheep erytrocytes. The cytoplasm of over 90% of each recipient was stained brilliantly with antibodies against ATLV‐determined antigens. Electron microscopy of these transformed cells revealed many C‐type virus particles in the extracellular space. Blood components, such as packed red cells, whole blood and platelet concentrate, containing leukocytes from anti‐ATLA‐positive donors, should be used cautiously to prevent the transmission on ATLV to anti‐ATLA‐negative recipients.
Isolation of htlv derived from japanese adult T‐cell leukemia patients in human diploid fibroblast strain IMR90 and the biological characters of the infected cells
Authors: Yoshikura H. , Nishida J. , Yoshida M. , Kitamura Y. , Takaku F. , Ikeda S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHTLV was isolated in the human diploid fibroblast strain IMR90 directly from the leukemic cells of the Japanese ATL‐patients. The infection was checked by the presence of virus‐specific p24 and proviral DNA. The isolation was successful in three of four patients. The patient whose virus isolation was unsuccessful contained only a defective viral genome in his leukemic cells. The infected cells produced polykaryons when co‐cultured with catS+L‐cells. Human leukemia HL60 cells formed clusters adherent to the infected IMR90 cells but not to uninfected IMR90 cells. The former phenomenon was blocked by the ATLL patients' serum.
Imbalance of helper and suppressor T lymphocytes in malignant non‐hodgkin lymphomas: An In situ morphometric analysis
Authors: Gattringer C. , Huber H. , Radaszkiewicz T. , Pfaller W. , Braunsteiner H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe number and distribution of reactive T cells within 100 malignant B‐cell lymphomas were evaluated in situ by immunomorphometry using stereological methods. Findings were related to histological and clinical parameters. A mean of 2 × 104 reactive T cells/μI tumour tissue was found. This corresponds to 40% of the T‐cell content of normal lymphatic tissues. The distribution of reactive T cells within the tumours was diffuse except for centroblastic/centrocytic lymphomas. When evaluating the different histological entities a correlation between number of helper T cells, T helper:T suppressor (TH:TS) ratio and histological subgroups emerged, particularly in non‐Hodgkinlymphomas of low‐grade malignancy. The highest ratio was found in prognostically favourable subgroups, CLL(2.7 ± 0.3) and tumour areas of centroblastic/centrocytic lymphomas (2.9 ± 0.4). In contrast, a significantly lower ratio was found in centrocytic lymphomas (1.4 ± 0.3) corresponding well to the worst prognosis of this subgroup. The relationship between the number of helper T cells in tumour tissues, TH:TS ratio and prognosis was confirmed and extended by the evaluation of clinical data. It could be shown that, independently of histological criteria, a close correlation exists between the number of T cells, particularly T helper cells within the tumour, TH:TS ratio and clinical course. Patients with a favourable course had 1.4 × 104 T helper cells/μI tumour tissue compared to only 0.8 × 104 for patients with an unfavourable clinical course (p<0.01); the TH:TS ratio was 2.8 for the favourable and 1.8 for the unfavourable group, respectively (p<0.04). In contrast, neither treatment nor tumour stage had a clear‐cut influence on the extent of T‐cell infiltration.
Unequal forms of 140–110 kD glycoproteins in B16 melanoma cells with differing detachment properties and metastatic behavior: Influence of bromodeoxyuridine
Authors: Rieber Manuel , Castillo Miguel A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGrowth of B16 melanoma metastatic variants with 2.5 μg/ml of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) decreases cell detachment from the substratum, as measured by resistance to release by trypsin‐EDTA treatment. Using an antiserum to intact melanoma cells and metabolic labelling of melanoma metastatic variants with 3H‐glucosamine and subsequent electrophoretic analysis, we are now able to show that: (I) differential solubilization and immune precipitation permit the identification of hydrophilic glyco‐proteins of about 140 kD and 110 kD in melanoma cells with low colonizing ability; (2) the effects of BrdU on B16 melanoma appear to be exerted differentially on cells with differing metastatic behavior, since only poorly invasive melanoma cells show a stimulating effect of BrdU on the expression of the hydrophilic 140kD glycoproteins;(3) cells with increased lung colonizing ability reveal hydrophobic 140 and 110 kD glycoprotein species with increased susceptibility to mild protease treatment, as compared with the corresponding components from poorly invasive cells. The possible relationship of the 140–110 kD glycoproteins to B16 melanoma biological behavior and cell‐substratum interactions is suggested by the fact that such components undergo significant changes in cells with differing invasive behavior and detachment properties.
Transformation affects superoxide dismutase activity
Authors: Loven Dean P. , Guernsey Duane L. , Oberley Larry W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA human, aging lung fibroblast cell strain manifested both copper‐zinc superoxide dismutase activity (CuZn‐SOD) and manganese‐containing superoxide dismutase activity (MnSOD), and these activities were found to be modulated by physiological concentrations of thyroid hormone. The immortal cell lines examined, whether normal or malignant, had no MnSOD activity. The immortal normal cell lines examined had CuZnSOD activity which was modulated by thyroid hormone, whereas the immortal malignant cell lines had CuZnSOD activity which was not affected, or not as strongly affected, by the presence of thyroid hormone.
A quantitative and qualitative study of the transglutaminase‐mediated insertion of polyamines into plasma proteins from patients with bronchopulmonary cancer
Authors: Roch Anne‐Marie , Thomas Vincent , Quash Gérard , Moulinoux Jacques Philippe , Delcros Jean Guy 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe transglutaminase‐mediated incorporation of putrescine into proteins of plasma derived from 44 patients with histologically defined bronchopulmonary cancer was compared with that from an age‐matched group of 18 patients hospitalized with non‐malignant diseases. Two types of kinetic data were obtained over a range of putrescine concentrations 0.09 mM to 0.6 mM. Whereas the plasma from all the patients of the control group showed linear kinetics, that from only 24 patients of the cancer group showed linear kinetics. The remaining 20 showed kinetics typical of inhibition by excess substrate. PAGE analysis of [14C] putreascine‐bound plasma proteins showed around 15 different bands. Among these putrescine‐binding proteins, we identified, with the help of corresponding specific antisera, four protease inhibitors: alpha 2‐macroglobulin, alpha I‐antitrypsin, alpha I‐antichymotrypsin and antithrombin III.
Human T‐cell leukaemia virus (HTLV) in the United Kingdom
Authors: Greaves M. F. , Verbi W. , Tilley R. , Lister T. A. , Habeshaw J. , Guo H‐G. , Trainor C. D. , Robert‐Guroff M. , Blattner W. , Reitz M. , Gallo R. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTen out of 26 leukaemic patients who had emigrated from the Caribbean region to the United Kingdom had adult T‐cell leukaemia with associated serum antibodies to HTLV I. Antibodies to HTLV were also detected in sera from a small proportion of non‐leukaemic Caribbean immigrants but not in any sera from other (non‐ATL) T‐cell leukaemias or a variety of control groups. The long period between immigration to the UK and diagnosis of leukaemia (up to 30 years) suggests that an extensive latent period in disease development may exist. Cell lines were isolated from two patients with HTLV antibody‐positive ATL and were shown to be virus‐positive by electron microscopy and immunofluorescence using antibodies to the p19 and p24 viral proteins. HTLV I provirus integration and active transcription were demonstrated by Southern blotting of DNA and in situ hybridization respectively using molecularly cloned HTLV I probes. Virus from one of these cell lines could be transmitted to normal T cells by co‐cultivation.
Expression of HLA‐DR antigens in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: An immunohistological analysis of the tumour cells and infiltrating lymphocytes
Authors: Thomas J. Alero , Iliescu Virginia , Crawford Dorothy H. , Ellouz Ridha , Cammoun Mohamed , De‐Thé Guy 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA panel of conventional and monoclonal antibodies was used to examine the immunohistological characteristics of malignant epithelial cells and infiltrating lymphocytes in frozen sections of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) biopsies from 10 Tunisian patients. Three main categories of cells were identified. (1) Tumour cells which were positive for Epstein‐Barr nuclear antigen, HLA‐ABC and keratin determinants. In most samples, the tumour cells also expressed variable amounts of HLA‐DR antigens. The presence of HLA‐DR antigens has not been previously reported in NPC and may be a contributory factor in effecting the transfer of Epstein‐Barr virus to the epithelial cells. (2) Infiltrating lymphocytes which were mainly composed of T inducer (T4+) and T suppressor/cytotoxic (T8+) cells although one sample contained predominantly immature T cells expressing the HTA‐1+ cortical thymocyte phenotype. Few B cells or natural killer cells were demonstrated. (3) Large HTA‐1+ dendritic cells which were invariably present within the tumour masses. These were morphologically and phenotypically similar to antigen presenting Langerhans cells which are usually located in the skin but also found in other epithelial sites. These cells may be a residual population from the normal nasopharynx or represent part of a specific immunological response to the presence of Epstein‐Barr virus in the epithelial cells.
Proteinases and sialyltransferase in human breast tumors
Authors: Abecassis Joseph , Collard Régine , Eber Michel , Pusel Jean , Fricker Jean P. , Methlin GÉRard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractProteolytic and sialyltransferase activities were determined in extracts of 65 human primary breast tumors, 6 lymph node metastases, 6 fibroadenomas and 27 normal tissues. Using proteins and synthetic selective substrates, we observed the presence of collagen‐peptidases, plasminogen activator, cathepsin‐B and cathepsin‐D‐like enzymes, and sialyltransferase. No active or trypsin‐activatable type‐IV collagenase activity was detected. Although individual variations between tumors were large, proteinase and sialyltransferase contents were significantly elevated in malignant breast tissues. Enzyme activities were found to be related to the epithelial volume of the tumor. No significant correlation was found between the proteinase or sialyltransferase activities and the degree of differentiation of the tumor cells, or the degree to which tumors had metastasized to regional lymph nodes. Since large variations of enzyme levels apparently reflect the heterogeneity of epithelial cell densities in tumor samples, proteolytic or sialyltransferase activities cannot therefore be used as a measure of quantitative evaluation of invasive properties in breast cancer.
Target organ patterns of tumors in mice following the arterial dissemination of B16 melanoma cells
Authors: Weiss L. , Ward P. M. , Harlos J.‐P. , Holmes J. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe arrest of B16 melanoma cells and the subsequent development of tumors have been studied following left intraventricular injections (LVI) into mice of radiolabelled and unlabelled cells respectively; the proportions of cardiac output going to different target organs were also determined by LVI of radiolabelled microspheres. B16 cell arrest in the various target organs was as predicted by relative arterial blood supply, except in the lungs and liver where more radioactive counts were detected than could be accounted for in terms of initial arterial dissemination alone; and the numbers of counts remaining in all organs after 24 h were related to the numbers of counts initially obtained. When the incidence of tumor‐bearing organs was related to the cell arrest patterns, the organs could be divided into two major distinct groups. Within both of these groups, the patterns of tumor incidence were correlated with cancer cell delivery. These results on a model system suggest that the two major hypotheses used to account for metastatic patterns are not mutually exclusive: the “soil” effect divides the target organs into the two major groups; however, within these groups the incidence of tumors is explicable in terms of the “mechanical” hypothesis.