bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factor Profile of Amputation in Diabetic Foot Patients in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, from 2019 to 2020
Authors: Adhibagio Aria Damarjiwo , Soelistijo Soebagijo Adi , Hakim Arief Rakhman , Prasmono Agung 
Published: March 2024

Highlights:

Certain variables are known to be risk factors associated with the outcome of lower extremity amputation among diabetic foot patients.
The patient population was observed to be slightly female-biased, with a high prevalence of older age, abnormally high blood sugar and HbA1c, and a history of nephropathy, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Prior history of vascular diseases, prior amputation history, and heavy smoking were observed but not as prevalent.

Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to find the general distribution of certain variables as risk factors for lower extremity amputation among diabetic foot patients at the Inpatient Ward of the Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, from 2019 to 2020.
Methods: This was a descriptive-retrospective study using data from medical records. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to calculate the distribution through the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.
Results: The mean ± SD of age was 55.38 ± 7.503 years old and was slightly female-biased. The median (min-max) blood sugar level was 212.00 (85–446) mg/dL. Fifteen out of 16 patients had an HbA1c beyond 7.0%. The body mass index (BMI) of most patients was between normal and overweight, with a mean ± SD of 24.018 ± 4.1827. 15% of patients were smokers. Strokes were present in 3.9% of patients, cardiovascular diseases were present in 13.73% of patients, prior lower extremity amputation (LEA) history was present in 15.7% of patients, hypertension was present in 49% of patients, and dyslipidemia was present in 13 of 15 patients. The mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 70.15 ± 34.498 mL/min/1.732.
Conclusion: Older age, high blood sugar, high HbA1c levels, nephropathy, dyslipidemia, and hypertension had a high prevalence. Smoking, cardiovascular diseases, strokes, and prior amputation had a low prevalence. Gram-negative bacterial infection was observed in almost all reported patients. ABI results were either mostly not assessable or abnormally high. Most of the patients’ Wagner gradings were in the worst category.
Direct aortic cannulation, a safe alternative to femoral artery cannulation - 17 years of type A dissection surgery experience
Authors: Somers Tim , Li Wilson W. L. , Jongenotter Jochem , Verkroost Michel W. A. , Verhagen Ad F. T. M. , Morshuis Wim J. , Smith Tim , Geuzebroek Guillaume S. C. , Heijmen Robin H. 
Published: March 2024

Aim: Optimal cannulation strategy for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) surgery remains debated. Recent guidelines have advocated antegrade systemic perfusion through right axillary artery (RAX) cannulation, instead of femoral artery (FA) cannulation. However, RAX cannulation can be technically challenging and time-consuming. On the other hand, direct (ascending) aorta (DA) cannulation is a swift procedure that also ensures downstream antegrade flow. In this regard, we assessed whether DA cannulation is a safe alternative to FA cannulation.
Methods: Records of all patients undergoing ATAAD surgery between 2006-2022 at the Radboud University Medical Center were retrospectively reviewed.
Results: In total, 281 patients underwent surgery for ATAAD during the investigated period. Three patients were excluded due to death before the start of extracorporeal circulation and four because of RAX cannulation. Of the remaining 274 patients, 53% (N = 145) received primary FA and 47% (N = 129) DA cannulation, with a success rate of 98% for both approaches. Surgical mortality (combined in-hospital and 30-day) was 9.9% (7.8% DA group vs. 11.7% FA group, P = 0.271). New permanent neurological damage was seen in 10.9% vs. 6.9% (P = 0.248), respectively. In multivariate analysis, cannulation strategies were not significantly associated with surgical mortality nor postoperative new permanent neurological damage.
Conclusion: DA cannulation offers a safe and fast alternative to FA cannulation in ATAAD surgery. There were no significant differences in mortality and neurological complications. Future studies should focus on the differences between RAX and DA cannulation strategies on postoperative outcomes in ATAAD surgery.
Analisis Crowdfunding Syariah Berdasarkan Prinsip Sharia Compliance pada Produk Perbankan Syariah
Authors: Makraja Fahmi 
Published: March 2024

<p><em>The presence of Financial Technology is a concrete manifestation of economic development in the digital era. One form of fintech development is the emergence of crowdfunding which is accessed via an internet network connection. The purpose of this research is to find out the implementation of the sharia crowdfunding method from the point of view of sharia compliance in Indonesia. The method used in this study is qualitative by using an empirical juridical approach. The results of this study conclude that the application of the sharia crowdfunding method to real sector economic transactions is in accordance with sharia principles, meaning that the sharia crowdfunding method is permissible according to Islamic law. The interrelated parties in this crowdfunding are the organizers, initiators and investors or donors as well as the Sharia Supervisory Board as the supervisory institution for the implementation of sharia crowdfunding. The application of crowdfunding in the development of Islamic banking products must be in accordance with sharia principles, namely avoiding the elements of magrib (maisir, gharar and usury). The development of crowdfunding -based fintech has grown rapidly in Indonesia so that special regulations are needed to regulate this so that unwanted things do not occur.</em></p>
Lateral Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty for Osteoarthritis Secondary to Lateral Meniscectomy
Authors: Marullo Matteo , Russo Antonio , Spreafico Andrea , Romagnoli Sergio 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Meniscectomy, whether partial or total, is a common knee surgery, but it considerably increases the risk of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Lateral meniscectomy has more severe consequences than medial meniscectomy, leading to faster OA progression and worse clinical outcomes. Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is a suitable treatment option for lateral OA and has demonstrated better outcomes than total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical and functional results, OA progression in the medial compartment, and implant survivorship following lateral UKA in patients with OA secondary to lateral meniscectomy and to compare these outcomes with those of patients who underwent lateral UKA for primary lateral OA.

Methods:
Between 2001 and 2017, 214 lateral UKAs were performed. Of these, 42 were performed for OA secondary to lateral meniscectomy. The control group was composed of patients who underwent lateral UKA for primary lateral OA and was formed through a 1:1 case-control matching process based on sex, age, body mass index, and operation date. The outcomes that were studied included range of motion, Knee Society Score, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Activity Score, Tegner Activity Scale, Forgotten Joint Score, visual analog scale for pain, OA progression in the medial compartment, and implant survivorship.

Results:
At a mean follow-up of 10.2 years, both groups demonstrated significant improvements (p < 0.01) after lateral UKA in all clinical and functional scores except the UCLA Activity Score and Tegner Activity Scale. No significant differences in clinical and functional scores were found between the groups. However, patients with OA secondary to meniscectomy exhibited significantly less OA progression in the medial compartment (p = 0.035) and higher 10-year implant survival (97.6% versus 83.3%).

Conclusions:
Lateral UKA is an effective treatment option for OA secondary to lateral meniscectomy, providing excellent functional outcomes and survivorship. Patients with post-meniscectomy OA exhibited less OA progression in the medial compartment than patients with primary OA and, consequently, had better 10-year implant survivorship.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
[11C]MODAG 005 – a novel PET tracer targeting alpha-synuclein aggregates in the brain
Authors: Saw Ran Sing , Buss Sabrina , Schmidt Felix , Ryazanov Sergey , Leonov Andrei , Kuebler Laura , Bleher Daniel , Papadopoulos Ioannis , Roeben Benjamin , Schmidt Fabian , Reimold Matthias , Bonanno Federica , Grotegerd Ann-Kathrin , Ruf Viktoria , Dahl Bernadette , Sandiego Christine , Henry Kelly , Fehrenbacher Birgit , Schaller Martin , Kahle Philipp , Gasser Thomas , Brockmann Kathrin , Reischl Gerald , Fougère Christian la , Pichler Bernd , Maurer Andreas , Griesinger Christian , Giese Armin , Herfert Kristina 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Synucleinopathies are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the presence of brain inclusions containing the pathologically aggregated protein α-synuclein (αSYN). The development of a positron emission tomography tracer to detect aggregates of misfolded αSYN would revolutionize disease monitoring and the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy. Here we present the development and preclinical in vitro and in vivo validation of [11C]MODAG-005. In vitro binding experiments demonstrate subnanomolar binding affinity to recombinant αSYN fibrils as well as to αSYN inclusions in human brain tissue. Specific binding in multiple system atrophy brain tissue was detected using autoradiography and microautoradiography, and was validated through immunostaining. In vivo, [11C]MODAG-005 shows good brain penetration, rapid clearance from brain tissue and low metabolite formation in rodents and non-human primates. In addition, a pronounced binding and a good signal-to-noise ratio were achieved in an αSYN fibril-injected rat model and in an αSYN(A30P) transgenic mouse model in correlation to the pathological load. To validate its value for therapy development, we show target engagement of the drug candidate anle138b in the brain tissues from αSYN(A30P) mouse and multiple system atrophy as well as in vivo in αSYN fibril-injected rats. Finally, our translational approach in a first-in-human patient with clinically established MSA, revealed a marked tracer binding in regions affected by αSYN pathology, particularly in the striatum, where the pattern corresponded with the neurodegeneration shown by dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography.
WITHDRAWN: Degradation of PET microplastic particles to monomers in human serum by PETase
Authors: Lopez-Lorenzo Ximena , Hueting David , Bosshard Eliott , Syrén Per-Olof 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn, as it was submitted in error. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Closing the Gap between Evidence and Policy in Latin America: What Works?
Authors: Hawkins Darren , Beesley Celeste , Nielson Daniel , Lyne Mona , Morgenstern Scott , Garcia George , Walker Lindsey , Long Kaitlyn 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Many governments and international organizations call for more efforts to integrate scientifically rigorous impact evaluations into policy streams, though government officials frequently self-report that they rarely engage such evidence (Newman et al. 2017; Migone and Brock 2017). Previous research has found that small “nudges” in communications content, style, or source can affect behavior in a wide variety of contexts (Thaler and Sunstein 2008). To test how nudges might impact bureaucrats’ willingness to engage with policy-relevant academic evidence, researchers sent email invitations to 130,000 public officials in Latin American countries with easily available names or contact information. This study probes engagement with a website designed to provide academic evidence in a convenient and accessible format. The study tests the effects of four treatment arms: nudges, messenger nationality, direct relevance of an example study, and saturation (the percent of bureaucrats invited from a given ministry). Results indicate that greater saturation had the strongest positive effects. Findings for messenger nationality were mixed: the Chinese researcher significantly decreased uptake generally, the Colombian appreciably increased engagement in Colombia, and the others had null effects. Motivational nudges had generally negative effects, and the relevant example made no significant difference. Broadly, these results suggest that encouraging the use of impact evidence is a difficult problem that is insensitive to most behavioral nudges but may be receptive to leveraging group dynamics.
Association Between Contextual Factors and Vaccine Coverage Against Human Papilomavirus in Adolescents in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil: Global Spatial Regressions
Authors: Luvisaro Bianca Maria Oliveira , Silva Thales Philipe Rodrigues da , Gusmão Josianne Dias , Ferraz Marcela Lencine , Nascimento Luciana Maiara Diogo , Gomes Larissa Pereira , Matozinhos Fernanda Penido 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The objective of this study was to identify the associations of socioeconomic factors and the social environment with human papillomavirus vaccine coverage in adolescents in the state of Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil. This is an ecological study carried out with secondary data from 853 municipalities in the State of MG for female adolescents from 2014 to 2022 and male adolescents from 2017 to 2022 provided by the information system of the National Immunization Program. For spatial statistical analysis, spatial dependence and the presence of spatial clusters formed by municipalities with high and low coverage of the human papillomavirus vaccine were evaluated. The first and second doses among male adolescents in most municipalities in the state of Minas Gerais were considered very low (< 50%) or low (≥ 50% to < 80%). Among female adolescents, the highest percentages were adequate (≥ 80%) or low (≥ 50% to < 80%). Socioeconomic factors, area factors and their interactions may influence vaccination against human papillomaviruses. The disparities found in this study related to vaccination coverage rates throughout the state of MG demonstrate the need to implement intervention actions aimed at this population to increase coverage and, consequently, reduce health problems such as cervical cancer.
Prenatal and Postnatal Ultrasonographic Characteristics of Immature Teratoma in the Gastric Wall: a case report
Authors: chen yijin , huang li , xiong wen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Teratomas are germ cell tumors derived from three embryonic germ layers. Most of them are benign mature teratomas and are frequently observed in the sacrococcygeal region, gonads, and mediastinum, the occurrence of immature teratomas in the gastric wall is extremely rare.
Case summary: A 31-year-old pregnant woman's ultrasound at 36 weeks revealed a mass in the fetus's left mid-abdominal cavity. An immature teratoma originating from the stomach wall was suggested by neonatal CT and ultrasound scans. The neonate successfully underwent tumor excision, with pathology affirming the diagnosis.
Conclusions: Immature gastric teratomas are rare tumors with malignant potential. Their diagnosis leans heavily on ultrasonographic features and histopathology. The case highlights the diagnostic utility of prenatal ultrasound. Currently, total resection of the tumor is the recommended treatment.
Long-term dynamics of natural, vaccine-induced, and hybrid immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in a university hospital in Colombia: A cohort study
Authors: Caballero Nohemi , Monsalve Diana M. , Acosta-Ampudia Yeny , Fajardo Natalia , Moreno Sergio , Martínez Oscar , González-Uribe Catalina , Ramírez-Santana Carolina , Quintero Juliana 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This prospective cohort study aimed to estimate the natural, vaccine-induced, and hybrid immunity to SARS-CoV-2, alongside the immunogenicity of the mRNA-1273 booster after the BNT162b2 primary series in healthcare workers in Colombia. IgG, IgA, and neutralizing antibodies were measured in 110 individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection or a BNT162b2 primary series. Humoral responses and related factors were explored in a subgroup (n = 36) that received a BNT162b2 primary series followed by a mRNA-1273 booster (2BNT162b2 + 1mRNA-1273), and T-cell responses were evaluated in a subgroup of them (n = 16). For natural immunity, IgG and IgA peaked within three months, declining gradually but remaining detectable up to 283 days post-infection. Neutralizing antibody inhibition post-infection was below positive range (≥ 35%) but exceeded 97% in vaccine-induced and hybrid immunity groups. Following 2BNT162b2 + 1mRNA-1273, IgG peaked 3–4 months post-booster, gradually declining but remaining positive over 10 months, with IgA and neutralizing antibodies stable. Age and blood group were related to IgG response, while obesity and blood type to IgA response post-booster. Autoimmunity and blood type B were associated with lower neutralizing antibody inhibition. There were no differences in T-cell responses according to prior infection. These findings provide long-term insights into the immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and the immunogenicity of mRNA vaccines.
Exploring the Potential of Large Language Models in Personalized Diabetes Treatment Strategies
Authors: Yang Hao , li jiaxi , liu siru , Liu Jialin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Object: This study aims to explore the application of a fine-tuned model-based outpatient treatment support system for the treatment of patients with diabetes and evaluate its effectiveness and potential value. Methods: The ChatGLM model was selected as the subject of investigation and trained using the P-tuning and LoRA fine-tuning methods. Subsequently, the fine-tuned model was successfully integrated into the Hospital Information System (HIS). The system generates personalized treatment recommendations, laboratory test suggestions, and medication prompts based on patients' basic information, chief complaints, medical history, and diagnosis data. Results: Experimental testing revealed that the fine-tuned ChatGLM model is capable of generating accurate treatment recommendations based on patient information, while providing appropriate laboratory test suggestions and medication prompts. However, for patients with complex medical records, the model's outputs may carry certain risks and cannot fully substitute outpatient physicians' clinical judgment and decision-making abilities. The model's input data is confined to electronic health record (EHR), limiting the ability to comprehensively reconstruct the patient's treatment process and occasionally leading to misjudgments of the patient's treatment goals. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential of the fine-tuned ChatGLM model in assisting the treatment of patients with diabetes, providing reference recommendations to healthcare professionals to enhance work efficiency and quality. However, further improvements and optimizations are still required, particularly regarding medication therapy and the model's adaptability.
Management of Rotylenchulus reniformis in soybean using genetic and biological approaches
Authors: Loreto Rafaela Bueno , Silva Santino Aleandro da , Machado Andressa Cristina Zamboni 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Rotylenchulus reniformis poses a significant threat to cotton crops in the Brazilian Cerrado, particularly when grown consecutively with soybeans. This nematode has not only become a concern for cotton but has also led to considerable damage in soybean crops, emphasizing the need for effective nematode control in both agricultural settings. The aim of this study was to combine genetic control with the application of biological nematicides, as seed treatment, to manage R. reniformis under greenhouse. Two soybean cultivars, TMG 4182 and Fibra, resistant and susceptible, were used and the biological nematicides used included Purpureocillium lilacinum, Trichoderma harzianum + T. asperellum + Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, B. subtilis + B. licheniformis, and B. firmus. Inoculation with 800 R. reniformis occurred in the cotyledonary stage, with evaluations conducted at 72 and 76 days after inoculation for Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Nematodes were extracted from the soil and roots, calculating the reproduction factor (RF). The combination of biological nematicides with resistant cultivars did not yield substantial benefits in controlling reniform nematode in soybean but safeguarding resistant cultivars through the application of chemical or biological nematicides is important to mitigate inoculum pressure on resistance genes. In addition, biological nematicides evaluated in this study did not improve soybean plant development and we concluded that managing reniform nematodes in soybean necessitates the integration of diverse control measures to effectively address the challenges posed by this nematode's impact on crops.
YOLO-Granada: A Lightweight Attentioned Yolo forPomegranates Fruit Detection
Authors: Zhao Jifei , Li Yi , Guo Dawei , Fan Yuqian , Wu Xiaoying , Wang Xinfa , Almodfer Rolla 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Pomegranate is an important fruit crop that is usually managed manually through experience. Intelligent management systems for pomegranate orchards can improve yields and address labor shortages. Fast and accurate detection of pomegranates is one of the key technologies of this management system, crucial for yield and scientific management. Currently, most solutions use deep learning to achieve pomegranate detection, but deep learning is not effective in detecting small targets and large parameters, and the computation speed is slow; therefore, there is room for improving the pomegranate detection task. Based on the improved You Only Look Once version 5 (YOLOv5) algorithm, a lightweight pomegranate growth period detection algorithm YOLO-Granada is proposed. A lightweight ShuffleNetv2 network is used as the backbone to extract pomegranate features. Using grouped convolution reduces the computational effort of ordinary convolution, and using channel shuffle increases the interaction between different channels. In addition, the attention mechanism can help the neural network suppress less significant features in the channels or space, and the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) attention mechanism can improve the effect of attention and optimize the object detection accuracy by using the contribution factor of weights. The average accuracy of the improved network reaches 0.922. It is only less than 1% lower than the original YOLOv5s model (0.929) but brings a speed increase and a compression of the model size. and the detection speed is 17.3% faster than the original network. The parameters, floating-point operations, and model size of this network are compressed to 54.7%, 51.3%, and 56.3% of the original network, respectively. In addition, the algorithm detects 8.66 images per second, achieving real-time results. In this study, the Nihui convolutional neural network (NCNN) framework was further utilized to develop an Android-based application(app) for real-time pomegranate detection. The method provides a more accurate and lightweight solution for intelligent management devices in pomegranate orchards, which can provide a reference for the design of neural networks in agricultural applications.