bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A semilinear Dirichlet problem involving the fractional Laplacian in R+
n
Authors: Li Yan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We investigate the Dirichelt problem involving the fractional Laplacian in the upper half-space

R

+

n

=

x
∈

R

n

∣

x

1

>
0

${\mathbb{R}}_{+}^{n}=\left\{x\in {\mathbb{R}}^{n}\mid {x}_{1}{ >}0\right\}$

:

(

−
Δ

)

s

u

(

x

)

=
f

(

u

(

x

)

)

,

x
∈

R

+

n

,

u

(

x

)

>
0
,

x
∈

R

+

n

,

u

(

x

)

=
0
,

x
∉

R

+

n

.

\begin{cases}\quad \hfill & {\left(-{\Delta}\right)}^{s}u\left(x\right)=f\left(u\left(x\right)\right),\qquad x\in {\mathbb{R}}_{+}^{n},\hfill \\ \quad \hfill & \qquad u\left(x\right){ >}0,\qquad x\in {\mathbb{R}}_{+}^{n},\hfill \\ \quad \hfill & \qquad u\left(x\right)=0,\qquad x\notin {\mathbb{R}}_{+}^{n}.\hfill \end{cases}.

. We prove the positive solutions are monotonic increasing in the x
1-direction assuming u(x) grows no faster than |x|
γ
with γ ∈ (0, 2s) for |x| large. To start with, we develop a maximum principle on the narrow region. Then we apply a direct method of the moving planes for the fractional Laplacian to derive the monotonicity. As an application of the monotonicity result, we use it to prove nonexistence of bounded positive solutions in

R

+

n

${\mathbb{R}}_{+}^{n}$

for f(u) = u

p
,

p
∈

1
,

n
−
1
+
2
s

n
−
1
−
2
s

$p\in \left(1,\frac{n-1+2s}{n-1-2s}\right)$

.
When Should Courts Invalidate Constitutional Amendments?
Authors: Sethi Amal 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Courts having the ability to invalidate procedurally correct constitutional amendments for violating core democratic or constitutional values is a growing practice in global constitutionalism. However, this power is generally exercised by courts on a whim and very often without any textual basis. Such actions raise serious legitimacy concerns and can undermine efforts towards regular constitutional change. In extreme cases, this power has been wielded by courts in ways that contribute to democratic backsliding rather than its prevention. Few solutions to police this power of courts and prevent net negatives exist. These solutions either fall short of addressing the challenges of courts invalidating procedurally correct constitutional amendments or rely heavily on judges’ restraint and good faith, qualities which we struggle to see in many jurisdictions where courts exercise this power. In turn, this article outlines a template for courts to use when evaluating the validity of procedurally correct constitutional amendments. This article’s suggested template hopes to prevent courts from misusing their powers while still leaving sufficient room for them to act to prevent threats to a polity’s democratic and/or constitutional project. It aims to do so by reducing the subjective discretion available to judges relative to other available templates.
The Italian Constitutional Court on Women’s Rights: Patriarchal Remnants Versus Transformative Interpretations
Authors: Scotti Valentina Rita 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aiming at contributing to the debate about the effectiveness of constitutional courts in enhancing the protection of women’s rights, this paper focuses on the case law of the Italian Constitutional Court. After an introduction on the role, functions, and composition of the Court, three foci will be put on the Court’s case law: (1) on the abolition of the gender-based discrimination in the adultery law, which caused also the abolition of the crime itself, (2) on the legislation introducing gender quotas for increasing women’s political representation, (3) on the legislation on abortion and reproductive rights.
Three Paradigms of International Judicial Review
Authors: Dothan Shai 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The forms of intervention of international courts in domestic affairs could be divided into three broad paradigms: (1) the Westphalian Paradigm, (2) the Hierarchical Paradigm, (3) the Network Paradigm. According to the Westphalian Paradigm, the role of international courts is to coordinate the interactions of sovereign states. According to the Hierarchical Paradigm, international courts initiate social change by issuing judgments that require states to amend their practices. Naturally, under this paradigm, courts are concerned about their ability to secure compliance with their judgments but also about the legitimacy of their decisions and their ability to make good policy stipulations. According to the Network Paradigm, international courts are embedded within a vast web of actors with different interests. This chapter will survey the three different paradigms of international judicial review and demonstrate the unique considerations international courts need to take into account under every paradigm.
Impact of heat stress on thermal balance, hydration and cortical response among outdoor workers in hot environment – an exploratory report from North East India
Authors: Srinivasan Krishnan , Boulton Chaki G. , Bhattacharjee Manasi , Sinha Abhishek , Loganathan Sundareswaran , Seethy Ashikh , Alam Saklain M. , Hanse Benzamin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
The objective of our study was to assess the impact of heat stress on hydration and cognition among outdoor workers in hot environment.

Methods
Area heat stress assessments were measured using Quest Temp WBGT monitor. Sweat rate for dehydration and reaction time for acute cognitive processing were recorded using standard procedures.

Results
Heat stress measurements ranged from 23.8 °C – 42 °C. More than 50 % of the workers had high sweat rate (>1.2 L/h) when exposed to high environmental temperatures. Positive correlation was obtained between WBGT, sweat rate and reaction time which indicates that hyperthermia has an impact on neural network processing. Heart rate and reaction time also increased with rise in WBGT and heavy physical activity.

Conclusions
There was impairment of cognitive functions (reaction time) under heat stress conditions. Hence, reaction time can be used to assess the short-term impact of heat stress on neural modulation and will help to plan effective intervention strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality among workers.
Spectrum fragmentation-aware dynamic network slicing deployment in computing power networks based on elastic optical networks
Authors: Wang Laiming , Zhang Haojie , Li Lei , Ren Danping , Hu Jinhua , Zhao Jijun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The widespread application of AI with high computing requirements has driven the rapid development of the computing field. Computing Power Networks (CPNs) have been recognized as solutions to providing on-demand computing services, and its service provisioning can be modeled as a network slicing deployment problem. Elastic Optical Networks (EONs) offer the flexibility to allocate spectrum resources, making them well-suited for network slicing technology. Consequently, EON-based CPNs have attracted considerable attention. However, the unbalanced distribution of computing resources leads to inefficient computing resource utilization. Meanwhile, spectrum resources may be isolated and difficult for other services. This phenomenon is known as spectrum fragmentation, leading to inefficient spectrum resource utilization. To achieve balanced and efficient resource utilization, this paper first analyzes the main reasons for load unbalance and spectrum fragmentation in CPNs: mismatched slicing deployment and inappropriate resource scheduling. Therefore, a dynamic network slicing scheme based on traffic prediction (DNS-TP) is designed. Its core highlight is cooperative optimization slicing deployment and resource scheduling based on spectrum fragmentation awareness. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme enhances the network slicing acceptance ratio, computing and spectrum resource utilization while exhibiting strong performance in resource balancing.
Strongly coupled spins of silicon-vacancy centers inside a nanodiamond with sub-megahertz linewidth
Authors: Klotz Marco , Waltrich Richard , Lettner Niklas , Agafonov Viatcheslav N. , Kubanek Alexander 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The search for long-lived quantum memories, which can be efficiently interfaced with flying qubits, is longstanding. One possible solution is to use the electron spin of a color center in diamond to mediate interaction between a long-lived nuclear spin and a photon. Realizing this in a nanodiamond furthermore facilitates the integration into photonic devices and enables the realization of hybrid quantum systems with access to quantum memories. Here, we investigated the spin environment of negatively charged silicon-vacancy centers in a nanodiamond and demonstrate strong coupling of its electron spin, while the electron spin’s decoherence rate remained below 1 MHz. We furthermore demonstrate multi-spin coupling with the potential to establish registers of quantum memories in nanodiamonds.
Dry synthesis of bi-layer nanoporous metal films as plasmonic metamaterial
Authors: Caligiuri Vincenzo , Kwon Hyunah , Griesi Andrea , Ivanov Yurii P. , Schirato Andrea , Alabastri Alessandro , Cuscunà Massimo , Balestra Gianluca , De Luca Antonio , Tapani Tlek , Lin Haifeng , Maccaferri Nicolò , Krahne Roman , Divitini Giorgio , Fischer Peer , Garoli Denis 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Nanoporous metals are a class of nanostructured materials finding extensive applications in multiple fields thanks to their unique properties attributed to their high surface area and interconnected nanoscale ligaments. They can be prepared following different strategies, but the deposition of an arbitrary pure porous metal is still challenging. Recently, a dry synthesis of nanoporous films based on the plasma treatment of metal thin layers deposited by physical vapour deposition has been demonstrated, as a general route to form pure nanoporous films from a large set of metals. An interesting aspect related to this approach is the possibility to apply the same methodology to deposit the porous films as a multilayer. In this way, it is possible to explore the properties of different porous metals in close contact. As demonstrated in this paper, interesting plasmonic properties emerge in a nanoporous Au–Ag bi-layer. The versatility of the method coupled with the possibility to include many different metals, provides an opportunity to tailor their optical resonances and to exploit the chemical and mechanical properties of components, which is of great interest to applications ranging from sensing, to photochemistry and photocatalysis.
Exploration of facile hydrothermally produced pure nickel oxide nanostructures as an effective electrode material for the enhanced supercapacitor applications
Authors: Upadhyay Leekeshwer , Dhanapandian Swaminathan , Suthakaran Selvakumar , Ashokkumar Krishnamoorthi , Sathana Vijayabalan , Dinesh Ayyar , Ayyar Manikandan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This research work concerns with the magnetic and electrochemical characteristics of hydrothermally prepared nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles for their use as working electrode material in supercapacitor. Through the use of thermal gravimetric (TG-DTA), the thermal stability and heat adsorption/desorption characteristics of the as-produced NiO nanoparticles were examined. By using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique at ambient, 600 °C and 800 °C annealing temperatures, the trigonal and cubic structure of the as prepared and annealed nanoparticles was discovered. The spherical and cubic morphology of the as synthesized and annealed (800 °C) NiO nanoparticles was confirmed through field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) analysis. The functional groups, optical bandgap energy, surface chemistry, specific surface area and superparamagnetic behavior of the annealed (800 °C) NiO nanoparticles were determined through Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), UV-DRS, XPS, BET and VSM characterization approaches, respectively. At the lowest scan rates of 10 mVs−1 and 0.5 Ag−1, the pseudocapacitive behavior was noticed utilizing CV and GCD analyses. An excellent electrical conductivity for the supercapacitor application was also shown by the Nyquist plot of the produced NiO electrode.
Immune landscape in APC and TP53 related tumor microenvironment in colon adenocarcinoma: A bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Zabeti Touchaei Arefeh , Vahidi Sogand , Samadani Ali Akbar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionAPC and TP53 are the two most regularly mutated genes in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), especially in progressive malignancies and antitumoral immune response. The current bioinformatics analysis investigates the APC and TP53 gene expression profile in colon adenocarcinoma as a prognostic characteristic for survival, particularly concentrating on the correlated immune microenvironment.MethodsClinical and genetic data of colon cancer and normal tissue samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-COAD and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) online databases, respectively. The genetic differential expressions were analyzed in both groups via the one-way ANOVA test. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were applied to estimate the overall survival (OS). P < 0.05 was fixed as statistically significant. On Tumor Immune Estimation Resource and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis databases, the linkage between immune cell recruitment and APC and TP53 status was assessed through Spearman's correlation analysis.ResultsAPC and TP53 were found mutated in 66.74% and 85.71% of the 454 and 7 TCGA-COAD patients in colon and rectosigmoid junction primary sites, respectively with a higher log2-transcriptome per million reads compared to the GTEx group (318 samples in sigmoid and 368 samples in transverse). Survival curves revealed a worse significant OS for the high-APC and TP53 profile colon. Spearman's analysis of immune cells demonstrated a strong positive correlation between the APC status and infiltration of T cell CD4+, T cell CD8+, NK cell, and macrophages and also a positive correlation between status and infiltration of T cell CD4+, T cell CD8+.ConclusionsAPC and TP53 gene mutations prevail in colon cancer and are extremely associated with poor prognosis and shortest survival. The infiltrating T cell CD4+, T cell CD8+, NK cell, and macrophages populate the colon microenvironment and regulate the mechanisms of tumor advancement, immune evasion, and sensitivity to standard chemotherapy. More comprehensive research is needed to demonstrate these results and turn them into new therapeutic outlooks.
Títulos de Participación en el Patrimonio (TPP)
Authors: Baldeón Francisco , Montes de Oca Santiago 
Published: March 2024

El presente artículo estudia al Título de Participación en el Patrimonio, un instrumento financiero de equity que otorga a su tenedor una participación específica en los resultados de la empresa emisora sin concederle la calidad de accionista, que, a pesar de estar previsto expresamente en la ley peruana y en el derecho comparado, ha sido olvidado en la práctica financiera.El objetivo de este estudio es entender las ventajas competitivas del Título de Participación en el Patrimonio tanto para los emisores como para los tenedores, las que lo convierten en un instrumento financiero a considerar en el mercado de capitales.
Accessibiliser une formation hybride
Authors: Delépée Carla , Hébert Camille 
Published: March 2024

Accessibiliser les environnements éducatifs afin de favoriser l’accès au plus grand nombre d’étudiants à l’enseignement supérieur est aujourd’hui un devoir légal (Ebersold, 2017). L’égalité d’accès à l’université passe par « l’opérationnalité inclusive des ressources numériques » utilisées dans les formations (Benoit et al., 2017). Concevoir une formation universitaire hybride fondée sur les enjeux de l’accessibilité universelle des apprentissages (Rose & Meyer, 2002) implique donc de rendre ses contenus accessibles et de proposer une pédagogie au regard de la conception universelle des apprentissages.Nous présentons la démarche et les résultats de « l’accessibilisation » (Ebersold, 2021) d’un module de formation hybride sur la thématique de l’éducation inclusive, conçu par des enseignants-chercheurs dans le cadre de l’action 3 du pôle pilote 100 % Inclusion, un Défi, un Territoire (IDT), à destination des formateurs d’INSPÉ.L’accessibilisation de ce module a mobilisé les expertises croisées du service d’appui à la pédagogie universitaire, des concepteurs de la formation et du relais handicap. Nous avons formalisé, à partir de notre démarche, une méthodologie de mise en accessibilité d’un cours hybride, qui est mise à disposition des enseignants universitaires et des partenaires du projet 100 % IDT pour développer l’accessibilisation des enseignements universitaires.
Mitigating Downhole Calcite and Barite Deposition in the Montney: A Successful Scale Squeeze Program
Authors: Schmid J. , Aiken B. , El Yaakobi F. , Colmenares L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This technical paper addresses the challenges faced by Montney producers in northwestern Alberta and northeastern British Columbia due to downhole calcite and barite deposition. These scales lead to various issues such as production declines, pressure increases, decreased pump efficiency, and equipment failures. Additionally, the presence of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORMs) associated with barite poses health concerns and disposal expenses. Continuously applied scale inhibitors are unable to reach the pay zone in the horizontal section, which has multiple fractures in a low-porosity and low-permeability formation.
In response to these challenges, a comprehensive database of water analyses for the Montney was used to understand the variability in scaling ions. Scale modeling under bottomhole and topside conditions was conducted to gain insights into scaling dynamics. Laboratory performance of a range of system-compatible scale inhibitors was evaluated using dynamic scale loop and particle size analysis through focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) tests.
The study focused on candidate wells with pump lifespans of less than three months, and scale squeezes were performed on both beam pump and gas lift wells. Drawing upon best practices from scale squeezes in the Saskatchewan, Montana, and North Dakota Bakken Formation, a scale squeeze program was developed. Monitoring during the program involved comparative water analyses, scale inhibitor residuals, and NORM monitoring.
Results showed that the scale squeezes led to increased pump lifespans for beam-pumped wells, elimination of NORM in surface equipment, reduced acid cleanouts, and minimized downtime. The success of the scale squeeze program proved the feasibility of applying this approach in the Montney and offered support for its extension to other shale plays across Western Canada and worldwide.
Investigating the Effect of Capillary Pressure on DFIT and DFIT-FBA Analysis
Authors: Haqparast S. , Zeinabady D. , Clarkson C. R. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The diagnostic fracture injection test (DFIT), and the new variation DFIT-FBA (FBA = flowback analysis), are well-testing methods performed before the main hydraulic fracturing operations to obtain several key parameters used in hydraulic fracture design and for reservoir simulation input. The classic (conventional) DFIT includes the sequence of pump-in, followed by a long shut-in (hours to days), while DFIT-FBA utilizes the sequence of pump-in, followed by a brief (minutes) shut-in, and then flowback to accelerate the time to reach closure and obtain reservoir pressure. While DFITs are still widely implemented, DFIT-FBA has the advantage that key properties can be derived in a matter of 2-3 hours versus (typically) more than a day for a conventional DFIT.
The current models used to estimate reservoir parameters from DFIT and DFIT-FBA require calculating the fracturing fluid leakoff volume into the reservoir. While mechanisms affecting leakoff include viscous, capillary, and osmotic forces, current DFIT models only consider viscous forces. While the effect of the capillary pressure on fluid leakoff has been explored and confirmed by multiple researchers, it has not been incorporated into models and software for hydraulic fracture modelling or DFIT/DFIT-FBA analysis.
An important question addressed in this work is whether the capillary pressure effect is significant over the short timeframe of the DFIT/DFIT-FBA test. Simulation results generated herein demonstrate that capillary pressure plays a significant role in the leakoff of hydraulic fracturing fluid into the reservoir during DFIT/DFIT-FBA tests; therefore, neglecting the effect of capillary pressure in the analyses can lead to substantial errors in reservoir parameter determination. Numerical simulation results also demonstrate that the presence of capillary forces accelerates leakoff and consequently the time of closure. For a simulated DFIT-FBA executed in an unconventional gas reservoir, approximately 25% of the total leakoff volume is attributable to capillary forces. Ignoring the effect of capillary pressure results in ~77% overestimation of reservoir permeability. Similarly, for a simulated DFIT case, this contribution is up to 26.5%, leading to ~77% overestimation of reservoir permeability. A sensitivity analysis performed herein underscores the significance of considering interfacial tension and contact angle, while reservoir permeability has a relative influence on the outcomes. Consequently, the early-time leakoff permeability estimated from DFIT/DFIT-FBA tests with current models is more precise for situations where there is reduced interfacial tension between the rock and fracturing fluid, and/or when the rock demonstrates mixed wettability.