bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INCREASED SIZE EXCLUSION LIMIT2Encodes a Putative DEVH Box RNA Helicase Involved in Plasmodesmata Function duringArabidopsisEmbryogenesis
Authors: Kobayashi Ken , Otegui Marisa S. , Krishnakumar Sujatha , Mindrinos Michael , Zambryski Patricia 
Published: June 2007

AbstractHere, we characterize the Arabidopsis thaliana embryo-defective mutant increased size exclusion limit2 (ise2). In contrast with wild-type embryos, ise2 mutants continue to traffic 10-kD fluorescent dextran in the mid-torpedo stage of development. ise2 embryos contain branched as well as simple plasmodesmata (PD) compared with wild-type embryos, which only contain simple PD. Positional cloning reveals that the ISE2 gene encodes a putative DEVH box RNA helicase that shares sequence homology with RNA helicases involved in RNA degradation pathways in other organisms. ISE2 localizes to granule-like structures in the cytoplasm. These granules increase in number when plant cells are stressed. These features are characteristic of stress granules (SGs) in mammalian cells, suggesting that ISE2 granules represent plant-specific SGs. Genetic data demonstrate that the ISE2 helicase is involved in posttranscriptional gene silencing and the determination of cell fate. These data together suggest that ISE2 function affects PD structure and function through the regulation of RNA metabolism and consequent gene expression.
TheArabidopsisMATE Transporter TT12 Acts as a Vacuolar Flavonoid/H+-Antiporter Active in Proanthocyanidin-Accumulating Cells of the Seed Coat
Authors: Marinova Krasimira , Pourcel Lucille , Weder Barbara , Schwarz Michael , Barron Denis , Routaboul Jean-Marc , Debeaujon Isabelle , Klein Markus 
Published: June 2007

AbstractPhenotypic characterization of the Arabidopsis thaliana transparent testa12 (tt12) mutant encoding a membrane protein of the multidrug and toxic efflux transporter family, suggested that TT12 is involved in the vacuolar accumulation of proanthocyanidin precursors in the seed. Metabolite analysis in tt12 seeds reveals an absence of flavan-3-ols and proanthocyanidins together with a reduction of the major flavonol quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside. The TT12 promoter is active in cells synthesizing proanthocyanidins. Using translational fusions between TT12 and green fluorescent protein, it is demonstrated that this transporter localizes to the tonoplast. Yeast vesicles expressing TT12 can transport the anthocyanin cyanidin-3-O-glucoside in the presence of MgATP but not the aglycones cyanidin and epicatechin. Inhibitor studies demonstrate that TT12 acts in vitro as a cyanidin-3-O-glucoside/H+-antiporter. TT12 does not transport glycosylated flavonols and procyanidin dimers, and a direct transport activity for catechin-3-O-glucoside, a glucosylated flavan-3-ol, was not detectable. However, catechin-3-O-glucoside inhibited TT12-mediated transport of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside in a dose-dependent manner, while flavan-3-ol aglycones and glycosylated flavonols had no effect on anthocyanin transport. It is proposed that TT12 transports glycosylated flavan-3-ols in vivo. Mutant banyuls (ban) seeds accumulate anthocyanins instead of proanthocyanidins, yet the ban tt12 double mutant exhibits reduced anthocyanin accumulation, which supports the transport data suggesting that TT12 mediates anthocyanin transport in vitro.
Rice WRKY45 Plays a Crucial Role in Benzothiadiazole-Inducible Blast Resistance
Authors: Shimono Masaki , Sugano Shoji , Nakayama Akira , Jiang Chang-Jie , Ono Kazuko , Toki Seiichi , Takatsuji Hiroshi 
Published: June 2007

AbstractBenzothiadiazole (BTH) is a so-called plant activator and protects plants from diseases by activating the salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway. By microarray screening, we identified BTH- and SA-inducible WRKY transcription factor (TF) genes that were upregulated within 3 h after BTH treatment. Overexpression of one of them, WRKY45, in rice (Oryza sativa) markedly enhanced resistance to rice blast fungus. RNA interference–mediated knockdown of WRKY45 compromised BTH-inducible resistance to blast disease, indicating that it is essential for BTH-induced defense responses. In a transient expression system, WRKY45 activated reporter gene transcription through W-boxes. Epistasis analysis suggested that WRKY45 acts in the SA signaling pathway independently of NH1, a rice ortholog of Arabidopsis thaliana NPR1, which distinguishes WRKY45 from known Arabidopsis WRKY TFs. Two defense-related genes, encoding a glutathione S-transferase and a cytochrome P450, were found to be regulated downstream of WRKY45 but were not regulated by NH1, consistent with the apparent independence of the WRKY45- and NH1-dependent pathways. Defense gene expression in WRKY45-overexpressed rice plants varied with growth conditions, suggesting that some environmental factor(s) acts downstream of WRKY45 transcription. We propose a role for WRKY45 in BTH-induced and SA-mediated defense signaling in rice and its potential utility in improving disease resistance of rice, an importance food resource worldwide.
BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1and2ControlArabidopsisLateral Organ Fate through Regulation of LOB Domain and Adaxial-Abaxial Polarity Genes
Authors: Ha Chan Man , Jun Ji Hyung , Nam Hong Gil , Fletcher Jennifer C. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractWe report a novel function for BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 (BOP1) and BOP2 in regulating Arabidopsis thaliana lateral organ cell fate and polarity, through the analysis of loss-of-function mutants and transgenic plants that ectopically express BOP1 or BOP2. 35S:BOP1 and 35S:BOP2 plants exhibit a very short and compact stature, hyponastic leaves, and downward-orienting siliques. We show that the LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES (LOB) domain genes ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 (AS2) and LOB are upregulated in 35S:BOP and downregulated in bop mutant plants. Ectopic expression of BOP1 or BOP2 also results in repression of class I knox gene expression. We further demonstrate a role for BOP1 and BOP2 in establishing the adaxial-abaxial polarity axis in the leaf petiole, where they regulate PHB and FIL expression and overlap in function with AS1 and AS2. Interestingly, during this study, we found that KANADI1 (KAN1) and KAN2 act to promote adaxial organ identity in addition to their well-known role in promoting abaxial organ identity. Our data indicate that BOP1 and BOP2 act in cells adjacent to the lateral organ boundary to repress genes that confer meristem cell fate and induce genes that promote lateral organ fate and polarity, thereby restricting the developmental potential of the organ-forming cells and facilitating their differentiation.
Reciprocal Phosphorylation and Glycosylation Recognition Motifs Control NCAPP1 Interaction with Pumpkin Phloem Proteins and Their Cell-to-Cell Movement
Authors: Taoka Ken-ichiro , Ham Byung-Kook , Xoconostle-Cázares Beatriz , Rojas Maria R. , Lucas William J. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn plants, cell-to-cell trafficking of non-cell-autonomous proteins (NCAPs) involves protein–protein interactions, and a role for posttranslational modification has been implicated. In this study, proteins contained in pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima cv Big Max) phloem sap were used as a source of NCAPs to further explore the molecular basis for selective NCAP trafficking. Protein overlay assays and coimmunoprecipitation experiments established that phosphorylation and glycosylation, on both Nicotiana tabacum NON-CELL-AUTONOMOUS PATHWAY PROTEIN1 (Nt-NCAPP1) and the phloem NCAPs, are essential for their interaction. Detailed molecular analysis of a representative phloem NCAP, Cm-PP16-1, identified the specific residues on which glycosylation and phosphorylation must occur for effective binding to NCAPP1. Microinjection studies confirmed that posttranslational modification on these residues is essential for cell-to-cell movement of Cm-PP16-1. Lastly, a glutathione S-transferase (GST)–Cm-PP16-1 fusion protein system was employed to test whether the peptide region spanning these residues was required for cell-to-cell movement. These studies established that a 36–amino acid peptide was sufficient to impart cell-to-cell movement capacity to GST, a normally cell-autonomous protein. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that a phosphorylation-glycosylation recognition motif functions to control the binding of a specific subset of phloem NCAPs to NCAPP1 and their subsequent transport through plasmodesmata.
Food safety and brand equity
Authors: Manning Louise 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the interaction between an organisation's need to demonstrate compliance with legislative requirements and private assurance standards and the protection of their corporate and/or product brands.Design/methodology/approachThis paper evaluates the mechanisms implemented to address legislative compliance, product liability, brand equity and maintaining stakeholder confidence within the context of the supply of safe food.FindingsThe paper finds that, within the international regulatory framework, individual organisations or indeed discrete supply chains must maintain stakeholder confidence in their ability to produce safe, wholesome food, whilst seeking to differentiate products and remaining competitive, especially where brand owners have put significant intellectual and financial resource into the development of either corporate or product brands. Increasingly the corporation identity is now the brand and this is a valuable business asset. In order to protect that asset, effective food safety management must be at the core of organisational strategy and, in the event that such controls fail, crisis management protocols should be in place that can be implemented quickly and effectively.Originality/valueThis paper is of both industrial and academic value.
Observed food safety behaviours of young adults
Authors: Byrd‐Bredbenner Carol , Maurer Jaclyn , Wheatley Virginia , Cottone Ellen , Clancy Michele 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to observe young adults preparing two recipes in a controlled laboratory setting to identify food‐handling errors. Few studies have investigated actual consumer food safety and food‐handling practices.Design/methodology/approachThe paper shows that one of four trained observers used a check‐list to directly observe and record food‐handling practices; observation data were later analyzed to assess how closely participants followed recommended practices. The observation check‐list had four criterion‐referenced scales based on Fight Bac! food safety recommendations (e.g. clean, cook, separate, chill). Each recommended behaviour performed earned one point. Scale scores were calculated by summing points earned and could range from zero to the maximum observed behaviours on the scale. Means, standard deviations, and comparison of mean scores using analysis of variance were calculated.FindingsParticipants (n=154, mean age 20.73+1.30SD) were from a major US university. Overall, participants were observed performing only 50 percent of the recommended behaviours. Scores ranged from a low of 29 percent on the cook scale to a high of 67 percent on the separate scale. Females scored significantly higher on the clean scale (e.g. hands, produce, work surfaces) than males. No other significant gender differences were noted in the scales, despite a trend for higher scores for females in all scales. Young adults, particularly males, engage in unsafe food‐handling practices, putting them at increased risk for food‐borne disease.Originality/valueThe paper shows that innovative education and training opportunities for young adults are needed to assist them in developing and practising safe food‐handling practices.
Leadership observations of an undercover fast‐food worker
Authors: Newman Jerry M. 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe article aims to provide a personal view of working in a fast‐food service environment.Design/methodology/approachThis is an opinion piece written by a professor at SUNY Buffalo's School of Management.FindingsThe author worked undercover as a crew member in one of the “big three” fast food companies, a site particularly rich with good and bad leadership examples which are summarised.Originality/valueThe article provides insightful examples of present employment relations and leadership skills in the American fast‐food industry.
The strategic changes by adopting internet‐based interorganizational systems
Authors: Lai Ivan K.W. 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe objective of this paper is to investigate the strategic changes from adopting Internet‐based Interorganizational Systems (IIOS) within the logistics industry.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reviews literature of the evolution of IIOS from Interorganizational Systems (IOS); identifies challenges encountered by the logistics industry in a new digital economy; presents an IIOS model for the logistics industry; and examines a number of strategic changes of adopting IIOS from a case study.FindingsThe paper illustrates a number of strategic changes by adopting IIOS from a case study.Research limitations/implicationsIt supports the development of the IIOS model for the logistics industry; links this theoretical model into practice; and provides the direction for future research.Practical implicationsThis paper is very useful for third‐party logistics providers as it helps them to understand how IIOS changes the structure of the logistics industry and alters the rules of competition.Originality/valueThis study provides a contribution in practice by linking a theoretical IIOS model for the logistics industry to a practical real case.
Work‐life balance – the sources of the contemporary problem and the probable outcomes
Authors: Roberts Ken 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to consider why work‐life balance has become a major issue, and the likely outcomes of the widespread dissatisfaction with current work schedules.Design/methodology/approachThe article reviews international evidence on hours of work and time use, and the academic literature on employees’ attitudes towards their hours of work, and perceptions and complaints about work‐life imbalances.FindingsWorking time has not lengthened and complaints about time pressure are unrelated to hours actually worked. The sources of the widespread dissatisfaction with current work schedules will lie in a combination of other trends – increased labour market participation by women, work intensification, the spread of feelings of job insecurity, more work being done at odd hours, the spread of new information and communication technologies, free time increasing more slowly than spending power and aspirations, and relatively long hours becoming most common among employees (and the self‐employed) in higher status jobs. An outcome is unlikely to be a general downward trend in hours worked on account of the substantial opportunity costs that would often be incurred by employees, and because some (mainly middle class) employees have access to a number of effective coping strategies.Research limitations/implicationsNearly all the evidence considered (and available) is from Western countries.Practical implicationsRegulation of working time with the aim of delivering more acceptable work‐life balances needs to deliver flexibility (at employees' discretion) rather than any standard solution.Originality/valueThe article offers a synthesis of evidence from sources that are rarely drawn together – mainly labour market research, and leisure studies.
Work and life: can employee representation influence balance?
Authors: Hyman Jeff , Summers Juliette 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to assess the influence of different forms of organisational representation on the provision of work‐life balance employment policies.Design/methodology/approachThe article uses on‐site semi‐structured interviews with employees, HR and line managers and trade union representatives in four case studies as well as survey responses from a total of 17 institutions in the financial services sector.FindingsEmployees do influence work‐life balance issues in the financial services sector, and work‐life balance initiatives had greater breadth, codification and quality where independent unions were recognised. In all cases however, the extent of departure from minimal statutory levels of provision was not great.Research limitations/implicationsThe nature of the study and its focus on Scotland may limit the generalisability of the findings into other sectors or regions.Practical implicationsIn light of the evolving work‐life balance legislative framework, this article should be of practical interest to trade unions, practitioners and academics. It demonstrates that organisations and unions need to retain and develop a focus on work‐life balance applications.Originality/valueThe article indicates the prevalence of management control of the work‐life balance agenda and management's discretion in the operation of work‐life issues. Employees and their representatives accepted this control, and their private individualised responsibility for balancing work and life, without challenge. These results inform current understanding of how work‐life balance legislation, based on a voluntarist agenda, translates into practice.
Work and family balance through equal employment opportunity programmes and agreement making in Australia
Authors: Burgess John , Henderson Lindy , Strachan Glenda 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to assess the ability of formal equal employment opportunity (EEO) programmes and workplace agreement making to facilitate work and family balance for women workers in Australia.Design/methodology/approachThis article uses documentary analysis and semi‐structured interviews in six Australian organisations that are required to develop formal EEO programmes.FindingsFormal EEO programmes and agreement making are limited in their ability to promote work and family‐friendly arrangements at the workplace. Informal arrangements and managerial discretion are important in realising work and care balance.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is Australian based, and the case studies were confined to six organisations, which restricts the findings.Practical implicationsLeave and work arrangements need to be required within agreements and EEO programmes. Most programmes gravitate towards minimum requirements, hence, it is important to ensure that these minimum requirements provide for work and care reconciliation. Programmes beyond the workplace, such as funded childcare, are important in this context.Originality/valueThe article highlights that formal mechanisms cannot achieve work and care reconciliation for women workers if they are built upon very limited minimum requirements, are voluntary and are dependent upon a bargaining process at the workplace.
A study of consortium models for e‐books in university libraries in Korea
Authors: Park Yeon‐Hee 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the Korean consortia models generally and discuss how the consortium governing body, Korea Education & Research Information Service (KERIS), manages the e‐book consortium effectively from the Korean perspective.Design/methodology/approachThis research is conducted with overall consortia models of online resources by KERIS. Over several years of modeling it has contrived to develop a few consortia modeling patterns in Korea and assess their effectiveness on collection management. The e‐book consortium modeling process entailed the following: identifying the appropriate consortium model, sampling the consortium size for pricing models and selecting the criteria for e‐book title selection.FindingsTwo types of e‐book consortium models are presented. One is the subscription model and the other is the purchasing model. Both sharing and purchasing options are quite cost‐effective for Korean universities since they try to balance the digital and paper collections. The consortium model for e‐books in Korean universities was successful and fit into the conservative collection management in Korea for academic use. Also, perpetual access and purchase model is preferred rather than annual access and lease model.Originality/valueOnline resources including e‐books need a sustainable model for continuous access due to budget constraints. Considering the life‐span of information we need to find the appropriate business and service models for all the resources available online. Various criteria for consortia have been presented. No previous research has been conducted on the nationwide consortium model in Korean universities.
Interviews with collection development coordinators
Authors: Cassell Kay Ann 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to document the work of collection development coordinators.Design/methodology/approachEach of the three collection development coordinators was interviewed.FindingsAlthough each collection development coordinator had a slightly different approach, they were all concerned with some of the same issues which include the balance of print and e‐resources to be acquired and how to market the library's resources to its users.Originality/valueThis paper will provide insight into the work of collection development coordinators at the beginning of the twenty‐first century.
The 28th BCSC Shopping Centre Management Conference and Exhibition 2007, 26‐28 February 2007
Authors: Hamidi Nik Mustapha Nik , Finch Edward 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to review the 28th BCSC Shopping Centre Management Conference and Exhibition 2007, held at Edinburgh International Conference Centre, Edinburgh, from 26 to 28 February 2007, organised by the British Council Shopping Centre (BCSC) in association with the College of Estate Management.Design/methodology/approachDiscusses the themes of the presentations including the importance of a brand for business excellence, utilising the shopping centre assets, the key issues surrounding the new service charge code, the future of brands and performing in a changing world.FindingsNew ideas and issues presented by the speakers gave an opportunity for practitioners and researchers to share good practice and explore the evolution of the current retail business climate.Originality/valueThe paper provides an overview of the 28th BCSC Shopping Centre Conference and Exhibition 2007.