bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Device for formaldehyde analysis in hydrogen energy
Authors: Tang Feng , Dang Xiaojing , Zhu Lei , Zhu Jin , Wang Jianjian , Sun Chao , Ren Li , Yu Guang , Fang Hua 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a calibration device for the analysis of formaldehyde in hydrogen energy is designed, and the standard formaldehyde gas of different concentrations is obtained by using the principle of osmotic tube, and the standard formaldehyde gas obtained by gas chromatograph analysis is combined. The results of the experiments show that the concentration of formaldehyde standard gas obtained by this calibration device has high accuracy and excellent stability. This overcomes the difficulty of formulating low-concentration standard gas due to the adsorption of formaldehyde gas, replaces the traditional method of formaldehyde standard gas preparation, and provides a quantitative basis for the calibration of formaldehyde analysis in hydrogen energy.
Investigate cosmic rays: Analysis of the air showers
Authors: Wen Chenglong , Li Yiqian , Feng Guanghai 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this lab report, the concept of cosmic rays and their components that can be detected on the earth’s surface is introduced. In this experiment, four CosmicWatch muon detectors were used to detect the components of cosmic rays. This report describes the setup of the experiment as well as the method and algorithms used to filter the true signals of cosmic rays out of the background radioactive noises. Some process of the algorithm is visualized using histograms. The rate of air showers was found to be 0.151 mHz ± 0.022 mHz for a separation of 6.73 cm ± 0.08 cm, and 0.096 mHz ± 0.015 mHz for a separation of 13.5 cm ± 0.1 cm. Other sources of uncertainties are also analyzed in this report.
The development and research of a novel biodegradable technology for the regeneration of microdamages and regulation of the elasticity of delicate fabrics during laundry washing cycles
Authors: Filatov Viktor , Patronova Elizaveta , Evseev Grigoriy , Lovygin Mikhail , Bozhko Sergei , Olkhovskaya Mariya 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The synthetic textiles are most responsible for non-biodegradable microplastic release during laundry washing cycles. European directives try to promote and encourage the use of natural textiles, such as delicate fabrics, as a new ecological approach. Delicate fabrics aren’t resistant to multiple microdamages by commercial products with proteases, rapid wear, loss of elasticity and fabric strength, and colour fading due to protein structure of these fibers. The aim of this research was to evaluate the beneficial effects of transglutaminase (TGase) in household products for the regeneration of microdamages and regulation of the elasticity of delicate fabrics during laundry washing cycles. In the present study, the effects of TGase on silk and wool were investigated by modern methods: scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and deformation-strength technique using Shimadzu AG 10kNX. SEM showed that the bonds formed by TGase exhibited high resistance of fibers before and after protease application. TGase in laundry washing gel provided the restoration of silk and wool fibers up to 85% after 10 washing cycles. The elasticity of delicate fibers was increased by 16% after 1 wash cycle. The strength of silk and wool was improved by 2 and 5 times, respectively, with decrease in fiber elongation. Thus, TGase can be promising compound to provide the deep regeneration of microdamages and increase longevity of delicate fabrics.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Energy Absorption Characteristics of a E-Glass/Epoxy Crash Box
Authors: Bilmez S A , Taşdemirci A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Crash boxes are energy absorbing components generally placed at the front end of cars to reduce the amount of damage at especially low impact velocities. The number of electric vehicles has been increasing recently, so weight reduction studies are. For this reason, lighter glass or carbon fiber reinforced composite crash boxes are preferred instead of steel ones. In the current study, the dynamic compression behavior of a rectangular cross-section thin-walled composite crash box was investigated both experimentally and numerically. The main aim of the study was to understand the effective damage modes and monitor the deformation sequence experimentally and numerically. Once the numerical model is verified then it can be further used to reveal the behavior at different impact velocities and geometries. The methodology followed in the study first started with the static mechanical characterization of the composite material. Within the scope of this study, 2×2 twill-woven glass fiber/epoxy crash boxes were produced using the vacuum bagging method. Quasi-static compression and tension tests were carried out in accordance with ASTM D3039 and ASTM D6641 standards. In the numerical part, Radioss finite element package was used with the material model of MAT 25 along with the failure option of Tsai-Wu. Experimental dynamic crushing tests of the crash box was carried out using a custom made drop-weight tester at impact velocity of 4.4 m/s and dropping mass with 450 kg. The material model constants were obtained once the coupon based static and dynamic tests were completed. From the dynamic crushing tests, maximum and mean force values of 225 and 65.0 kN were noted, respectively. There is close agreement between the experimental and numerical results both in terms of force and displacement values. This verified numerical model can further be used to investigate the crushing characteristics at different impact conditions.
Deterministic placement and effective-mass pinning of topological polariton bound states in the continuum
Authors: Maggiolini E. , Polimeno L. , Todisco F. , Renzo A. Di , Han B. , Giorgi M. De , Ardizzone V. , Schneider C. , Mastria R. , Cannavale A. , Pugliese M. , Marco L. De , Rizzo A. , Maiorano V. , Gigli G. , Gerace D. , Sanvitto D. , Ballarini D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The exciton-polaritons derived from the light-matter interaction of an optical bound state in the continuum (BIC) with the strong excitonic resonance in a transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayer can inherit ultra-long radiative lifetimes and significant nonlinearities up to room temperature. Yet such realization can be challenging with conventional approaches to the photonic cavity design, typically due to poorly-resolved Rabi splittings at room temperature and an unstable energy positioning of the BIC state. We show and experimentally validate a strategy to dramatically improve the state-of-the-art on both points, by embedding a tungsten disulfide (WS2) monolayer deep within a Bloch-surface-wave stack, where the photonic mode is moulded by a 1D photonic crystal with a compound periodicity. In particular, we introduce a deterministic placement principle to the design of the PhC, allowing to stabilize the energy positioning of a topologically-protected BIC polariton eigenstate, with an effective mass which we can robustly pre-assign at choice as either positive or negative. This is in stark contrast to typical waveguide realizations of polariton BICs: only negative polariton effective masses can be commonly achieved, while sudden jumps to a weaker-interacting positive-effective-mass BIC are at the same time possible upon small perturbations, in fact hijacking the advantage from a topological protection when present.
Landscape position mediates drought vulnerability in California valley oak (Quercus lobata)
Authors: Trumper Matthew L , Griffin Daniel , White Michael D 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Future climate change will exacerbate drought stress in water-limited ecosystems. However, topography can alter the fine-scale climatic and hydrologic conditions that mediate plant response to meteorological drought. Here, with six new valley oak (Quercus lobata) tree-ring width chronologies, we assess how topography acts as a mediating factor on tree growth and drought sensitivity. Because valley oaks are known to be highly dependent on subsurface water, we predicted that trees growing in riparian sites would be less sensitive to precipitation variability due to greater access to groundwater. Trees were sampled in the Tehachapi Mountains of California across a landscape gradient of sites ranging from 375–1650 m elevation and across upland (55–69 m mean height above nearest drainage) and riparian (2–6 m mean height above the nearest drainage) hillslope positions. Interannual tree growth patterns and drought sensitivity varied substantially in association with hillslope position and elevation. Valley oak radial growth showed a consistently weaker response to precipitation at riparian sites. The influence of hillslope position on drought sensitivity varied with elevation, such that the riparian buffering effect was weakest at sites higher in the watershed and strengthened, progressively, toward the lower elevation sites with greater climatic water deficit. Upland tree growth exhibited a strong response to high-frequency interannual precipitation variability at the high elevation site, whereas trees at lower elevation upland sites responded more to low-frequency decadal trends in precipitation, possibly reflecting hydrogeological processes by which precipitation feeds groundwater lower in the watershed. Our results are consistent with groundwater-dependence of valley oak and indicate that riparian habitats are the most likely refugia for the species during prolonged drought.
Climate policies for carbon neutrality should not rely on the uncertain increase of carbon stocks in existing forests
Authors: Roebroek Caspar TJ , Caporaso Luca , Alkama Ramdane , Duveiller Gregory , Davin Edouard L , Seneviratne Sonia I , Cescatti Alessandro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The international community, through treaties such as the Paris agreement, aims to limit climate change to well below 2 °C, which implies reaching carbon neutrality around the second half of the century. In the current calculations underpinning the various roadmaps toward carbon neutrality, a major component is a steady or even expanding terrestrial carbon sink, supported by an increase of global forest biomass. However, recent research has challenged this view. Here we developed a framework that assesses the potential global equilibrium of forest biomass under different climate change scenarios. Results show that under global warming carbon storage potential in forest aboveground biomass gradually shifts to higher latitudes and the intensity of the disturbance regimes increases significantly almost everywhere. CO2 fertilization stands out as the most uncertain process, with different methods of estimation leading to diverging results by almost 155 PgC of above ground biomass at equilibrium. Overall, assuming that the sum of human pressures (e.g. wood extraction) does not change over time, that total forest cover does not change significantly and that the trend in CO2 fertilisation as it is currently estimated from satellite proxy observations remains, results show that we have reached (or are very close to reaching) the peak of global forest carbon storage. In the short term, where increased disturbance regimes are assumed to act quicker than increased forest growth potential, global forests might instead act as a carbon source, that will require even more effort in decarbonization than previously estimated. Therefore, the potential of forests as a nature-based solution to mitigate climate change brings higher uncertainties and risks than previously thought.
The Road’s Level of Service at Kawi Road, Malang Regency
Authors: Waloejo B S , Agustin I W , Hariyani S , Himah D F A , Maulidya R N , Widartiningsih N A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A region’s ability to expand and flourish depends heavily on its road system. Roads that are smooth and effective facilitate communication between different locations, the movement of people, and the transit of commodities. Thus, people movement within a region is greatly impacted by the quality of road service. One of the principal thoroughfares in Malang Regency is Kawi Road, which has two two-way lanes without a median and an effective road width of eight meters. It is a primary collector hierarchy (2/2 UD). There is a lot of traffic on Kawi Road since it connects two local activity hubs, Blitar and Lumajang, and acts as a national road. This study’s main objective is to characterize Kawi Road in Kepanjen District, Malang Regency, with regard to its attractiveness and generation of land use, performance, and modeling. In compliance with the 2014 Indonesian Road Capacity Guidelines, the following research methodologies were used: road capacity analysis, saturation degree analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and road service level analysis. The research makes use of field observation data. According to calculations, Kawi Road can handle 2826.63 passenger car units per hour. Its peak performance was reached between 15:00 and 16:00, or 0.87 (LOS E).
Knowledge about earthquake evacuation: A survey to high-rise buildings employee in Jakarta
Authors: Kinanthi Resti , Wikan Preti Askunala , Nurmaya Acintya , Fitrianingrum Meita Eka 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The earthquake that occurred in Cianjur Regency on December 21, 2022 had a wide impact on the city of Jakarta and its surroundings. The shocks caused by the Cianjur earthquake were also felt by workers who were in high-rise buildings in the city of Jakarta and its surroundings. Evacuating employees in high-rise buildings has its own challenges, employee knowledge in earthquake evacuation is an interesting thing to study. This study aims to examine the level of knowledge of employees in earthquake evacuation and the factors that influence it. The survey was conducted on 79 worker respondents who have offices in high-rise buildings in Jakarta and its surroundings. The sampling was done randomly. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire designed to measure the variables of knowledge, experience and training. The results showed that 63.3% of the respondents had never experienced a destructive earthquake, 30.4% rarely experienced a destructive earthquake, and 6.3% often experienced a destructive earthquake. Respondents had never participated in earthquake preparedness training 34.2%, 50.6% rarely attended, and 15,2% often attended earthquake preparedness training. Respondents’ level of knowledge in earthquake preparedness was 91.1% in the high category and 8,9% in the moderate category. Training has a significant effect on earthquake preparedness knowledge.
The correlation study of several chemical extractants to assess plant copper uptake from tropical soils polluted with heavy metals
Authors: Salam Abdul Kadir 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Glass-house experiments were conducted to study the correlation between Cu uptake by several plants and soil Cu extracted by several chemical extractants. Heavy-metal contaminated soils from Lampung, the southern part of Sumatra, Indonesia, with different levels of Cu were used. Eight different plants including amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor), caisim (Brassica chinensis var. Parachinensis), corn (Zea mays L.), land spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), napier grass (Penissetum purpureum), thorny amaranth (Amaranthus spinosus L.) and water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) were employed. The uptake of Cu for amaranth is well predicted by N HCl, Buffered DTPA pH 7.30, N NH4OAc pH 7.00, and M CaCl2; for corn by N HCl and N NH4OAc pH 7.00; for land spinach by N HNO3, N HCl, Buffered DTPA, N NH4OAc pH 7.00, and M CaCl2; for napier grass by N HCl and Unbuffered DTPA. N HNO3 is good in predicting the uptake of Cu by land spinach, N HCl by amaranth, corn, land spinach, and napier grass; Buffered DTPA by amaranth and land spinach; Unbuffered DTPA by napier grass; N NH4OAc pH 7.00 by amaranth, corn and land spinach, and M CaCl2 by amaranth and land spinach. None of the tested methods is good in predicting the uptake Cu by caisim, lettuce, thorny amaranth, and water spinach
Assessment and simulation of potential landslide caused by the rainfall intensity in Batu City during 2021
Authors: Hasan M F R , Susilo A , Suryo E A , Agung P A M , Wiyono  , Pratiwie D L , Dewi N M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Rain is the main factor causing landslides; rainwater can enter the soil through rock gaps and then accumulate in the impermeable layer; the layer then becomes a slip plane that triggers the landslide. This study aims to determine the level of influence of rainfall on landslide events in Batu City in 2021. Batu City is one of the main tourist cities in Indonesia, so security and safety are the main factors that must be considered. The method used in this research is a descriptive analysis of rainfall and landslide data. The analysis process was approached with a literature review and simple mathematical calculations visualized on a 2D map using GIS and Geostudio to simulate groundwater infiltration and safety factors. The results showed that the number of landslide events increased with increasing rainfall. The rainfall for Batu City is between 1749.15-2238.73 mm, while most landslides occur in January and February. Landslides in Batu City in 2021 occurred 78 times, most of which occurred in Songgokerto Village (15 incidents). The intensity of rainfall greatly influences the occurrence of massive landslides; apart from changing the physical properties of the soil or rock, the mechanical properties also change rapidly. The wetting-drying process will make the properties of soil particles and rock aggregates more vulnerable or the durability index of the soil and rock layers will decrease due to continuous rainfall.
Urgency of disaster resilient village-geosite program: unveiling the critical need for strengthening connections between geosites and village communities
Authors: Paripurno Eko Teguh , Mahojwala Gandar , Putra Wiratama , Sulistiyowati Iin , Widi Monica Warih , Sukiyani  , Nugroho Arif Riyanto Budi , Martono Budi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Disaster Resilient Village Program (Destana) is a program that held by National and Regency Disaster Management Agency. However, the connection of Destana to the holistical aspect such as geologic landscape aspect is a discoursive material that appeals to many disaster management practitioners, scholars, international donors or governments. This study aims to explore the urgency of Disaster Resilient Geosites-Village Program from the risk condition, regulation, and community perception. Geopark Jogja and Geopark Gunung Sewu with their 20 geosites was purposively selected as the site of investigation. A qualitative research method involving focus group interviews (FGI), interviews, risk analysis using InaRisk, and regulatory analysis was used to explore and capture urgency of Disaster Resilient Village Program in geosites context, that called as Disaster Resilient Geosites-Village Program. Based on the results, several essential urgency were underlined for all approaches as follows: (1) all village with geosites have high to medium risks of disasters (2) geosites facing decline in the physical and environmental carrying capacity, which consequently leads to increased disasters risks for the community villages (3) local wisdom that develops in geosite areas is beneficial for disaster risk reduction efforts, and (4) well-conserved geosites support the local economic resiliency through tourism and geoproducts. These urgencies are expected to improve the community resiliency through a program aimed at reducing disaster risk through the mainstreaming of geosite functions into village-level policies and actions to enhance community resilience. This urgency study can stimulate community-level pilot projects that can be replicated in other areas or even elevated to government-level policies
Identifying community liquefaction catastrophe preparedness in North Birobuli subdistrict, Central of Sulawesi
Authors: Novarita Amalia , Putra Exsa , Maliki Rendra Zainal 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study certain how prepared the residents for liquefaction catastrophes. Utilizing survey techniques, this form of research is quantitative. Analyzing quantitative data is analysis minimum age of 17 years served as the study’s subjects. The outcomes demonstrated that there were differences in the community’s readiness attitudes with regard to two types of statements, which were positive and negative statements separated into five disaster preparedness indicators. The emergency response plan received a value of 68.26% for the knowledge and attitude indicators. A value of 75.14% was obtained for the emergency response plan indicator, a value of 79.86% for the early warning system indicator, a value of 56.32% for the auxiliary resource indicator, and a value of 74.28% for the social capital. According to the Likert scale interval, four out of the five indicators are in the “good” range. This is due to the fact that in the four indicators—knowledge and attitudes, emergency response plans, early warning systems, and social capital—community preparedness attitudes are consistent with the form of statements from the four indicators and are strengthened by the explanations.
Disaster risk reduction in elementary schools in flood-prone areas (Case: disaster risk reduction in Grogol flood-prone areas, Indonesia)
Authors: Wibowo Yunus Aris , Septiningrum Usmaningtyas Ayu Dwi , Dewi Ratih Puspita , Ronggowulan Lintang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Floods disaster have caused much damage and disruption to the continuity of education. Therefore, disaster risk reduction efforts must be carried out, especially in the school environment. This study aims to analyze how Disaster Risk Reduction efforts are conducted in elementary schools in the Grogol flood-prone area, Indonesia. This research is quantitative research with a survey design. Data collection is carried out using questionnaires and documentation. The instrument used is a closed questionnaire with indicators of Disaster Risk Reduction, including knowledge and attitudes, school policies, preparedness planning, and resource mobility. The population in this study were five elementary schools located in flood-prone areas of Grogol, Indonesia, including SDN Madegondo 1, SDN Madegondo 3, SDN Pandean 1, SDN Kadokan 1, and SDN Pandean 2. Respondents in this study were 40 teaching staff who consisted of principals, homeroom teachers, and teachers from each elementary school. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistical data analysis. The results of this study were shocking; even though floods overflow the river almost every year, all schools in the flood-prone areas were classified as in the low class in implementing Disaster Risk Reduction for flood disasters. One factor that has a dominant influence was the absence of an official policy from the government that officially regulates the implementation of Disaster Risk Reduction for flood disasters in the region. The results of this study are expected to be used as a basis for implementing disaster risk reduction by elementary schools against floods.