bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penile metastasis of prostate cancer imitating Peyronie's disease detected on [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT
Authors: Rogic Ivan , Rubic Mateja , Huic Drazen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract[68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT (Gallium prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography) is an established molecular imaging technique for identifying the spread of prostate cancer in patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) and for initial staging. Penile metastases from prostate cancer are very rare and can be easily misdiagnosed as noncancerous nodules as part of Peyronie's disease. Most cases of penile metastases occur in patients with disseminated disease and are typically diagnosed at advanced stages. In this case, a 74-year-old patient with prostate cancer underwent a successful prostatectomy, ADT, and radiation therapy to the prostate bed, achieving a PSAnadir of 0.01 ng mL−1. Three and a half years after surgery, biochemical recurrence occurred, and the patient was referred to our clinic for a [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT scan. PET/CT revealed pathological PSMA expression in a proximal part of the penile root, later confirmed by pathohistological analysis as prostate cancer metastasis. Notably, our patient had a PSA value of only 0.53 ng mL−1, one of the lowest serum PSA values reported in the literature for penile metastasis. This case underscores the critical role of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in differentiating benign conditions like Peyronie's disease from metastatic lesions and in detecting rare and unusual metastatic sites.
Profile of Elderly COVID-19 Patients at Indrapura Field Hospital, Surabaya
Authors: Mahdian Haidar , Triyono Erwin Astha , Handajani Noor Idha , Kartina Leny 
Published: February 2025

Highlights:

Elderly patients with comorbidities are more vulnerable to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) because it can cause a higher mortality rate and a poor prognosis.

Most of the elderly COVID-19 patients who were given symptomatic treatment were cured.

Abstract
Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a pathogen that causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The elderly, especially those with comorbidities, are vulnerable to COVID-19. This study aimed to determine the profile of elderly patients with COVID-19 and to provide valuable data for further research.
Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study of 132 (n=132) elderly COVID-19 patients at Indrapura Field Hospital, Surabaya, between April and October 2021. The clinical profile was determined by collecting medical record data from Indrapura Field Hospital, Surabaya. All statistical data analyses were conducted using the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Macintosh version 25.0.
Results: This study indicated that among 132 (n=132) elderly patients, the predominated age range was 61–63 years old (37.12%), and most of the patients were males (57.6%). The majority of the patients' occupations were private employees, and hypertension was the main comorbidity in elderly patients (52.3%). Most patients experienced mild symptoms (46.2%), with the most common complaint being a productive cough (42.4%). All of the patients had no antiviral, antibacterial, or corticosteroid therapy. There were 73 patients (55.3%) who had been hospitalized for less than 10 days, with most of the patients (78.79%) cured and allowed to go home.
Conclusion: The majority of patients at Indrapura Field Hospital, Surabaya, were elderly male patients, with hypertension being the most common comorbidity. Most patients exhibited mild symptoms, mainly a productive cough, and showed significant improvement with symptomatic, isolation, relaxation, nutrition, and observation (SIRNO) therapy, resulting in a high recovery and discharge rate.
Knowledge of Teenagers in Surabaya about COVID-19 and Prevention Behavior
Authors: Armyne Amara Destania , Febriyana Nining , Retnowati Wiwin , Karimah Azimatul 
Published: February 2025

Highlights:

Most respondents had good knowledge and prevention behavior.

No significant relationship was found between knowledge and behavior to prevent COVID-19.

Abstract
Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a newly discovered infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which can affect individuals of all ages. The high positive number of COVID-19 cases in Surabaya and the proportion of teenagers in society is quite large. This study examined the knowledge of teenagers in Surabaya about COVID-19 and prevention behavior.
Methods: This descriptive study used a cross-sectional design and an online questionnaire (Google Forms). The target sample was teenagers aged 10-19 years old who live in Surabaya. A total of 122 respondents were involved (n=122). Sampling was performed using the consecutive sampling method, and the data was processed using the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19.0 using univariate and bivariate analysis (p=0.367).
Results: The results showed that most respondents had good knowledge (72.1%) and good behavior (89.3%) regarding COVID-19. No significant relationship was found between knowledge and behavior to prevent COVID-19 among adolescents who live in Surabaya (p=0.367).
Conclusion: This study revealed that most respondents had good knowledge and prevention behavior. Due to a limited number of samples, a larger sample would have provided a more thorough representation of the population and resulted in more accurate outcomes.
Sagittal Spinal Profile in Patients with Lumbosacral Hemivertebra
Authors: Bai Zhuosong , Zhang Haoran , Zhang Yuechuan , Zhang Tongyin , Yin Xiangjie , Han Yunze , Zhang Yiqiao , Zhuang Qianyu , Zhang Jianguo 
Published: February 2025

Background:
A lumbosacral hemivertebra (LSHV) presents a complex challenge in treating congenital scoliosis. Previous studies have proven the effectiveness of posterior LSHV resection. However, they have primarily focused on coronal balance, neglecting the sagittal alignment, which is crucial for spinal function. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess preoperative sagittal imbalance in patients with an LSHV and to evaluate the evolution of sagittal alignment following posterior hemivertebra resection and short-segment fusion.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis was performed that included 58 patients with LSHV who underwent posterior LSHV resection between 2010 and 2020 and had a mean follow-up duration of 7.5 years. All patients were Han Chinese, and 30 of the 58 patients were female. The mean age was 7.3 years. Sagittal balance parameters were measured preoperatively and at multiple postoperative time points. Clinical outcomes were assessed with use of the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-22 questionnaire.

Results:
Preoperatively, 60.3% of patients presented with sagittal imbalance (defined as a sagittal vertical axis [SVA] of >20 mm). Postoperatively, the mean SVA significantly improved, decreasing to <20 mm at the 1-year follow-up (p = 0.016). The pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis mismatch (PI-LL) also showed significant improvement at the immediate postoperative time point (p = 0.012) and at the last follow-up (p = 0.013). Patients who underwent anterior column reconstruction demonstrated better postoperative global sagittal balance than those who did not (SVA, p = 0.015; PI-LL, p < 0.001). SRS-22 total, self-image, and satisfaction scores significantly (p < 0.001) improved postoperatively.

Conclusions:
This study highlighted the prevalence of preoperative sagittal imbalance in patients with an LSHV and emphasized the impact of LSHV resection (particularly when accompanied by anterior column reconstruction) in achieving postoperative sagittal balance and in enhancing patient quality of life during the long-term follow-up period.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Entrapment of Extensor Hallucis Longus Tendon Following Closed Fracture of the Lower-Third Tibia in an 11-Year-Old Child
Authors: Gupta Khyati , Bhaskar Atul 
Published: February 2025

Case:
An 11-year-old girl presented 8 months after conservative treatment of lower third fracture tibia with inability to extend the great toe. There was no neurovascular deficit. Radiograph showed a liner lucent band in the callus. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed an entrapped, thinned out, intact extensor hallucis longus (EHL) tendon passing through a tunnel in the lower tibia. Surgical decompression was undertaken and tendon freed from bone.

Conclusion:
This is the first reported case of EHL entrapment following closed distal fracture of the tibia in the pediatric age group. We demonstrate full recovery of extensor at 1 year of review.
Cactus Thorn Knee Injuries in Children
Authors: Schwartz Kendall , Ford Gabrielle , Cancio-Bello Alexandra , Menzer Heather , Van Tassel Dane , Patel Mittun , Esparza Melissa 
Published: February 2025

Case:
Three cases of pediatric patients with knee injuries from cactus thorns are included. These cases are variable in presentation ranging from acute inflammatory responses to permanent limb deformity secondary to growth arrest. Definitive treatment also varied widely from nonoperative conservative management to multiple arthroscopic and open surgeries.

Conclusion:
Pediatric cactus thorn injuries have varied presentations, requiring a high level of clinical suspicion for diagnosis and treatment to prevent permanent damage.
Management of a 9-Month-Old Infant with Traumatic Atlanto-occipital Dislocation and Atlantoaxial Instability
Authors: Tse Shannon , Piña Dagoberto , Hisatomi Lauren A. , Shahzad Hania , Khoo Kendrick , Parhar Kanwar , Le Hai V. 
Published: February 2025

Case:
We report a 9-month-old girl who was involved in a motor vehicle collision and sustained atlanto-occipital dislocation (AOD), atlantoaxial instability, and a C2 synchondrosis fracture. Initial management with a halothoracic vest for damage control failed to maintain reduction, necessitating definitive posterior occipitocervical fusion.

Conclusion:
Traumatic AOD is a rare injury, most common in children following high-energy trauma. Early diagnosis and timely intervention are imperative for improved clinical outcomes. Even in young patients with small anatomy, with careful preoperative planning, occipitocervical fusion is effective and safe with successful postoperative outcomes.
Comprehensive Assessment of Brassica juncea variety rugosa (Pahari Rai) Accessions from the Sub-Himalayan Region: Phytochemical, Antioxidant, Enzymatic, Mineral, and Fatty Acid Profiling
Authors: Adhikari Ankur , Punetha Himanshu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Brassica juncea var. rugosa (Pahari rai), a broad leafy cruciferous vegetable is an essential and easy source of nutrition with numerous health-promoting factors. The phytochemical and antioxidant activity of leaf extract showed the highest phenolic, flavonoid, orthodihydroxyphenol (ODP), and tannin content observed in the EEC-25 hydro-ethanolic leaf extract. The highest protein content in EEC-25 followed by IC-524259 and IC-350800. The foremost concentration of carbohydrates was observed in germplasms IC-363758 (31.47±0.31 mg glucose g-1), IC-410471 (31.12±0.18 mg glucose g-1) and EEC-25 (26.45±0.19 mg glucose g-1). In-vitro antioxidant potential viz., total antioxidant content was observed highest in EEC-25 hydro-ethanolic leaf extract (41.91±0.28 mg AAE g-1), FRAP activity in EEC-25 (5.91±0.68 mg AAE g-1), maximum 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity in IC-597933 (IC50=21.45±3.4 μg mL-1), 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), free radical scavenging activity (FRAP) in IC-524259 (94.17±0.48 μg mL-1), superoxide free radical scavenging activity of hydro-ethanolic leaf extract of PR-15 (IC50=124.37 μg mL-1), highest metal ion chelating activity of EEC-25 hydro-ethanolic extract (IC50=52.22 μg mL-1), maximum reducing power activity in EEC-25 and IC-399839, all being significantly different (p≤0.05) from each other. Positive correlations have been observed among the total antioxidant, phenolic, flavonoid content, ODP, DPPH, and FRAP. Micronutrient analysis Pahari rai leaf was observed to be a rich source of essential minerals such as Mn, Fe, Zn, Ca, Cu, and Mg. Pahari rai was observed to be a rich source of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). An essential metric for assessing the nutritional value of various edible oils is the ω6:ω3 ratio was observed to be maximum in IC-350800 (2.53), IC-338535 (2.34), and IC-410471 (2.19). The multiutility of this leafy vegetable against numerous pathological ailments was attributed to the pharmacological activities of phytochemicals and the development of functional food for human consumption. Therefore, the current study would aid in a deeper comprehension of the chemical composition of compounds that may be further separated as well as investigations into their potential pharmacological significance.
Antiviral Activity of Probiotics in the Prophylaxis and Treatment of Respiratory Infections Associated with Coronavirus (COVID-19): A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Mokadem Slimane Chawki , Naimi Mostefa , Alami Omar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Probiotics, living microorganisms administered in sufficient quantities, exert beneficial effects on host health. Given the high prevalence of SARS-CoV-2, recent studies suggest potential positive impacts of probiotics on COVID-19 patients.
Methods: A predetermined search strategy encompassing seven databases, NCBI, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer Link, Embase, CNKI, and Cochrane Library Databases, was implemented. Human RCTs were scrutinized independently for data extraction, quality and risk of bias assessment, and statistical analysis. Pooled data, employing the random-effects model, are expressed as standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Assessments of the p value and heterogeneity (I²) were conducted and quantified.
Results: Five studies comprising 282 out of 375 participants were included. The meta-analysis revealed effects on various parameters: CRP level (SMD=0.26 MG/L, 95% CI [0.10, 0.43], p= 0.002, (I²=67%, p=0.03); BMI (SMD=0.28 KG/m², 95% CI [0.07, 0.50], p= 0.01, (I²=67%, p=0.40); T-cell count (SMD=0.09 G/L, 95% CI [-0.07, 0.26], p= 0.26, (I²=0%, p=0.73); Albumin level (SMD=0.28 G/DL, 95% CI [0.04, 0.52], p= 0.02, (I²=7%, p=0.34); IL-6 level (SMD=0.67, 95% CI [0.45, 0.90], p= 0.00001, (I²=94%, p=0.0001)); and LDH level (SMD=0.12 mmol/L, 95% CI [-0.05, 0.30], p= 0.17
Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggested that probiotics had significant positive effects on various measures for treating COVID-19.
Unveiling the Critical Role of DMRTA2-Mediated JAK2-STAT3 Pathway Activation in Glioma Prognosis and Malignant Progression
Authors: Ouyang Taohui , Xiong Junyi , Yang Jun , He Zesong , Dai Haoran , Wang Jiayi , Meng Wei , Li Meihua , Zhang Xiaowei , Zhang Na 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Although several studies have highlighted the significant role of DMRTA2 in several cancers, its specific function and the underlying mechanisms in glioma remain unclear. CRISPR data was leveraged to identify DMRTA2 as a key candidate. We utilized bulk-tumor, single-cell, and spatial sequencing to explore the role of DMRTA2 in glioma malignancy and its possible mechanisms. Glioma specimens were used to assess DMRTA2 expression. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to validate the role of DMRTA2 in glioma malignancy and its possible mechanisms. Drug prediction and molecular docking were also conducted. We found that DMRTA2 was markedly upregulated and was identified as an independent prognostic marker. Moreover, single-cell and spatial sequencing analysis demonstrated that DMRTA2 was mainly localized in glioma cells. We constructed a malignant regulatory network for DMRTA2, with the JAK-STAT pathway as a central bridge. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that DMRTA2 promoted the malignant behavior of glioma cells by activating the JAK2-STAT3 pathway. Additionally, DMRTA2 was significantly correlated with genomic mutation. Drugs potentially targeting DMRTA2 were screened and docked to DMRTA2. Taken together, DMRTA2 promotes the malignant progression of gliomas by activating the JAK2-STAT3 pathway and serves as a prognostic marker.
International Multidisciplinary Consensus on the Definition and Clinical Approach for Monogenic Inflammatory Immune Dysregulation Disorders
Authors: Alkwai Hend M , Almaghlouth Ibrahim A , Mendonça Leonardo Oliveira , Elkhalifa Shuayb , Abolhassani Hassan , Aljumaah Suliman , Al-Mousa Hamoud , Alosaimi Mohammed F , AlSaleem Alhanouf , Avcin Tadej , Chan Winnie KY , Espada Graciela , Frémond Marie-Louise , Gül Ahmet , Hadef Djohra , Movahedi Nasim , Wittkowski Helmut , Al-Mayouf Sulaiman M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
To achieve consensus on the definition and clinical approach of Monogenic Inflammatory Immune Dysregulation Disorders (MIIDDs), a collective term for rare conditions marked by inflammation, immune dysregulation, and infection susceptibility.
Methods
A multi-step, evidence-based, multidisciplinary consensus process was employed, consisting of: 1) a systematic literature review across four electronic databases (Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and MEDLINE via PubMed), updated through December 31, 2024; 2) a pre-Delphi electronic survey completed by 95 international adult and pediatric immunologists and rheumatologists; and 3) a modified online Delphi process with an international multidisciplinary expert panel, where statements were iteratively analyzed and refined until achieving consensus (≥ 80% agreement among panelists).
Results
Fifteen experts from 12 countries participated in two rounds of the Delphi process, resulting in the development of eight overarching principles and 10 consensus statements. These were categorized into five domains: 1) definitions and conceptual framework, 2) diagnostic and monitoring considerations, 3) treatment and therapeutic strategies, 4) multidisciplinary and collaborative care, and 5) patient education and support.
Conclusion
This consensus defines MIIDDs and provides a structured clinical framework to streamline research efforts and improve patient outcomes.
Antioxidants ameliorates glucose/glucose oxidase-induced myocardial damage through mitochondrial and MAPK Pathway
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Agrawal Prachi , Mendhey Prachi , Dhatwalia Sunil Kumar , Sitasawad Sandhya L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
Diabetes is characterized by high blood glucose concentration which leads to oxidative stress by auto-oxidation, resulting in pathological conditions like myocardial complications. This study is focused on evaluation of the protective potential of antioxidants against glucose/glucose oxidase (G/GO)-induced oxidative stress and cardiac cell damage.
Methods
H9c2 cells which is derived from cardiac muscles were exposed to 33mM glucose and 1.6 milliunits glucose oxidase for induction of oxidative stress. Apoptosis was evaluated through markers like phosphatidylserine accumulation, DNA damage, and esterase activity. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production, mitochondrial membrane potential loss, and cytochrome-c release assessed using confocal microscopy and FACS analysis. Antioxidants such as N-Acetyl Cysteine, catalase, and glutathione were tested for their protective effects. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate anti-apoptotic protein expression and MAPK pathway activation.
Results
G/GO exposure led to apoptosis in H9c2 cells, as evidenced by phosphatidylserine accumulation, DNA damage, and increased esterase activity. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production resulted in mitochondrial membrane potential loss and cytochrome-c release. Antioxidants successfully reduced free radical production, restored mitochondrial membrane potential, and prevented cytochrome-c release. Cell death inhibition, caspase activation and PARP cleavage was also done by the antioxidant. Furthermore, antioxidants restored levels of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, cFLIP, XIAP, survivin) and inhibited Raf1, MEK1, and ERK1/2 activation in the MAPK pathway. Pharmacological inhibition of Raf1 reduced apoptosis.
Conclusion
Antioxidants exhibit strong protective efficacy against G/GO-induced oxidative stress by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibiting MAPK-mediated pathways, offering potential therapeutic benefits for oxidative stress-related cardiac damage in diabetes.
A formação inicial de professores em tempos de Inteligência Artificial: foco nas percepções dos formadores
Authors: Molinari Andressa , Ramos Samantha 
Published: February 2025

A formação inicial de professores em tempos de emergência de ferramentas de inteligência artificial (IA) tem sido tema recorrente nas práticas dos docentes, gerando um cenário de ansiedade. Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar as percepções dos professores formadores de Língua Inglesa no que se refere aos questionamentos e problemáticas advindas do uso da IA nas práticas pedagógicas da licenciatura. Para tanto, cinco professores formadores foram convidados a compartilhar suas percepções sobre os contextos de formação inicial nos quais atuam, no que se refere ao advento da IA. Para tratar desse tema, nos ancoramos nas teorias de letramentos, multiletramentos e em trabalhos recentes que abordam o letramento em inteligência artificial (IA) e formação de professores. Promovemos um estudo qualitativo de caráter descritivo. A análise dos dados considerou as seguintes temáticas: 1) reconhecimento da existência das IA por parte dos docentes; 2) entendimento de seu funcionamento, potencialidades e fragilidades por parte de todos os envolvidos; 3) utilização para potencializar a aprendizagem/formação de professores; 4) dificuldade de acompanhamento do processo de aprendizagem do aluno quando a IA é utilizada para a realização das tarefas propostas; 5) os usos não éticos das ferramentas e suas consequências e 6) falta de repertório e capacidade crítica para avaliar o texto produzido pela IA.