bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing anxiety symptom severity in Rwandese adolescents: cross-gender measurement invariance of GAD-7
Authors: Niwenahisemo Lisa Cynthia , Hong Su , Kuang Li 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundAnxiety disorders are among the most common mental health problems experienced by adolescents worldwide because of their evident significant impact on their quality of life and functioning. The generalized anxiety disorder item (GAD-7) was manufactured to identify the severity of self-reported anxiety symptoms. Efforts to address and screen for mental health problems in Rwanda have been limited, and the importance of screening for anxiety disorders is high. The primary aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Kinyarwanda version of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder GAD-7, and then test the measurement invariance of the GAD-7 by gender.MethodsWe used the Rwandese version of GAD-7 among secondary school students in Kigali city (n=1813). Measurement invariance of the GAD-7 across gender and report on anxiety symptom severity prevalence. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to examine measurement invariance.ResultsOur findings demonstrated that in the sample of 1813 adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years, generalized anxiety symptoms prevalence rates were higher in females (46.4%) than males (n= 29.8%) GAD-7 demonstrated good reliability and validity coefficients with a Cronbach’s α of .077 and KMO and Bartlett test of Sphericity = 0.835. In addition to these psychometric properties, the GAD-7 screening scale had equivalence for configural and metric invariance across groups with excellent fit indices, and we confirmed partial scalar invariance across groups.ConclusionThe GAD-7 can be used in cross-group comparison of generalized anxiety disorder prevalence, and we acknowledge that full scalar invariance is generally difficult to confirm, especially due to gender differences. We recommend that future studies further investigate populations living in rural areas and conduct trials that will focus on anxiety-specific treatment in Rwandan Clinical health care centers to determine the diagnostic accuracy of this screening tool.
Assessing social protection influence on health status in the European Union
Authors: Bocean Claudiu George , Vărzaru Anca Antoaneta 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionHealth status and access to healthcare services are crucial factors that directly impact the well-being of individuals and societies. In the European Union (EU), social protection measures are significant in supporting citizens’ health and providing access to healthcare resources.MethodsThis study investigates the relationship between social protection and health status in EU countries. We collected data from Eurostat on the EU member states’ health status, healthcare expenditure, and social protection expenditure. The paper used structural equation modeling (SEM) and cluster analysis to analyze the complex interplay among these variables.ResultsFindings revealed a strong positive correlation between EU countries’ social protection expenditure and healthcare status. Higher social protection spending was associated with improved access to healthcare services and facilities. Moreover, the analysis showed that countries with higher social protection expenditure tended to exhibit better overall health status indicators among their populations.DiscussionThe results suggest that adequate social protection expenditure positively influences health status in the European Union. By investing in robust social protection programs, governments can enhance citizens’ access to healthcare services and resources, ultimately leading to improved health outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of prioritizing social protection policies to address health disparities and promote public health in the EU.
Physiological, anthropometric and athletic performance adaptations from completing a 1-month pre-season period. A two-year longitudinal study in female collegiate soccer players
Authors: Perrotta Andrew S. , Day Brent D. , Correa Camila J. , Scott Anika J. , Ramos Jennifer , Gnatiuk Elizabeth A. , Warburton Darren E. R. 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionCollegiate coaches and integrative support staff often utilize pre-season as a brief and intense training period to prepare athletes technically, tactically, and physiologically, to meet the demands of competition during a soccer season. This study sought to examine the dose-response from performing on-field soccer activities during a four-week pre-season period in female collegiate soccer players, and if the magnitude in response was associated with accumulated exercise stress.MethodsA total of twenty-seven healthy female soccer players training as part of a collegiate soccer program volunteered to participate in this two-year longitudinal study. Data collection commenced prior to the start of each pre-season period, at the beginning of August, and was completed at the beginning of September, when pre-season ended. Data collection periods were separated by a 31-day period. Indices of cardiovascular function, anthropometry, and athletic performance were examined during each data collection period. Internal and external measures of accumulated exercise stress were recorded using the Polar Team Pro® system.ResultsWhen comparing the beginning to the end of pre-season, significant improvements were observed in body fat (%) [24.2 ± 6.0 “vs.” 23.3 ± 5.6, p = 0.001], heart rate variability (rMSSD) [51.8 ± 25.1 “vs.” 67.9 ± 34.6 ms, p = 0.002], resting heart (bpm) [73.8 ± 12.1 “vs.” 64.3 ± 8.8, p = 0.001] and cardiorespiratory performance (YoYo IRTL-1) [925.8 ± 272.8 “vs.” 1,062.6 ± 223.3 m, p = 0.001]. Significant reductions in musculoskeletal performance were observed through vertical jump height (cm) [24.9 ± 23.7, p = 0.04]. Change in the end of pre-season body weight (kg) was significantly associated with accumulated accelerations and decelerations [r ≥ 0.49, p = 0.01]. End of pre-season change in cardiorespiratory performance was significantly associated with both accumulated training load (au) and TRIMP (au) [r ≥ 0.63, p = 0.01].DiscussionIn conclusion, performing a four-week pre-season period, involving only on-field training, can promote positive and significant adaptations in anthropometry, cardiovascular function, and athletic performance measures in female collegiate soccer players. The magnitudes of these adaptations were associated with both internal and external measures of accumulated exercise stress.
A New Model for Ranking Schools of Public Health: The Public Health Academic Ranking
Authors: Dugerdil Adeline , Babington-Ashaye Awa , Bochud Murielle , Chan Margaret , Chiolero Arnaud , Gerber-Grote Andreas , Künzli Nino , Paradis Gilles , Puhan Milo Alan , Suggs L. Suzanne , Van der Horst Klazine , Escher Gérard , Flahault Antoine 
Published: March 2024

Objectives: As there is no ranking designed for schools of Public Health, the aim of this project was to create one.Methods: To design the Public Health Academic Ranking (PHAR), we used the InCites Benchmarking and Analytics™ software and the Web Of Science™ Core Collection database. We collected bibliometric data on 26 schools of Public Health from each continent, between August and September 2022. We included 11 research indicators/scores, covering four criteria (productivity, quality, accessibility for readers, international collaboration), for the period 2017–2021. For the Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), a network gathering faculties across different universities, a specific methodology was used, with member-specific research queries.Results: The five top schools of the PHAR were: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Public Health Foundation of India, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, SSPH+, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.Conclusion: The PHAR allows worldwide bibliometric ordering of schools of Public Health. As this is a pilot project, the results must be taken with caution. This article aims to critically discuss its methodology and future improvements.
Survival Advantage Comparing Older Living Donor Versus Standard Criteria Donor Kidney Transplants
Authors: Patel Kamlesh , Brotherton Anna , Chaudhry Daoud , Evison Felicity , Nieto Thomas , Dabare Dilan , Sharif Adnan 
Published: March 2024

The aim of this analysis was to explore mortality outcomes for kidney transplant candidates receiving older living donor kidneys (age ≥60 years) versus younger deceased donors or remaining on dialysis. From 2000 to 2019, all patients on dialysis listed for their first kidney-alone transplant were included in a retrospective cohort analysis of UK transplant registry data. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, with survival analysis conducted by intention-to-treat principle. Time-to-death from listing was modelled using nonproportional hazard Cox regression models with transplantation handled as a time-dependent covariate. A total of 32,978 waitlisted kidney failure patients formed the primary study cohort, of whom 18,796 (58.5%) received a kidney transplant (1,557 older living donor kidneys and 18,062 standard criteria donor kidneys). Older living donor kidney transplantation constituted only 17.0% of all living donor kidney transplant activity (overall cohort; n = 9,140). Recipients of older living donor kidneys had reduced all-cause mortality compared to receiving SCD kidneys (HR 0.904, 95% CI 0.845–0.967, p = 0.003) and much lower all-cause mortality versus remaining on the waiting list (HR 0.160, 95% CI 0.149–0.172, p &lt; 0.001). Older living kidney donors should be actively explored to expand the living donor kidney pool and are an excellent treatment option for waitlisted kidney transplant candidates.
The Advantage of Citrus Residues as Feedstock for Biogas Production: A Two-Stage Anaerobic Digestion System
Authors: Guerrero-Martin Camilo Andrés , Rojas-Sanchez Angie Natalia , Cruz-Pinzón David Fernando , Milquez-Sanabria Harvey Andres , Sotelo-Tobon David Leonardo , da Cunha Ana Laura Ribeiro , Salinas-Silva Raúl , Camacho-Galindo Stefanny , Costa Gomes Vando José , Cunha Malagueta Diego 
Published: March 2024

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an important step in waste recovery. In Colombia, the production of citrus food significantly contributes to environmental impact via waste generation. In 2021, the waste produced, specifically citrus rind, amounted to 725,035 tons/year. During degradation, wastes generate leachate and greenhouse gases (GHGs), which negatively impact water sources (leachate), soil, and human and animal health. This article describes the design of a two-phase biodigestion system for the degradation of organic matter and biogas production. The system uses citrus waste to produce biogas with neutral emissions. The biodigestion process begins with the stabilization of the methanogenesis reactor (UASB), which takes approximately 19 days. During this period, the biogas produced contains approximately 60% methane by volume. Subsequently, the packed bed reactor operates for 7 days, where hydrolytic and acetogenic bacteria decompose the citrus waste, leading to the production and accumulation of volatile fatty acids. The final step involves combining the two phases for 5 days, resulting in a daily biogas production ranging from 700 to 1100 mL. Of this biogas, 54.90% is methane (CH4) with a yield of 0.51 LCH4gSV−1. This study assesses the methane production capacity of citrus waste, with the process benefiting from the pH value of the leachate, enhancing its degradability. Consequently, this approach leads to a notable 27.30% reduction in solids within the digestion system. The two-phase anaerobic biodigestion system described in this article demonstrates a promising method to mitigate the environmental impact of citrus waste while concurrently producing a renewable source of energy.
Central Engine and Spectral Energy Distribution Properties of High Redshift Gamma Ray Blazars
Authors: Tolamatti Anilkumar , Singh Krishna Kumar , Yadav Kuldeep Kumar 
Published: March 2024

We report on the properties of central engines in the γ-ray blazars located at high redshifts beyond z > 0.4, where the extra-galactic background light (EBL) starts affecting their γ-ray spectra. The physical engine that provides power to the blazars of very high bolometric luminosity is assumed to be a highly collimated jet of matter moving relativistically away from the supermassive black hole (SMBH), located in the central region of the host galaxy, in a direction aligned toward the Earth. Due to their peculiar geometry and special physical conditions, blazars at redshifts beyond z > 0.4 are bright enough to be detected in the γ-ray energy band. In this work, we investigate the physical properties of high-z γ-ray blazars detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi satellite. We also study the properties of their emission regions and the central engines and discuss cosmological and astrophysical implications.
The role of hydrogen in nonradiative recombination in CsPbI3: a first-principles investigation
Authors: Zhang Jiajia , Li Peipei , Zhang Hui , Han Chen , Wu Ju 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Defect-induced nonradiative recombination is the main factor hindering efficiency improvement in CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells. It has been recently claimed that the unintentionally incorporated H impurity can potentially cause nonradiative losses due to the deep levels. Using first-principles approaches, we show that, as a matter of fact, the H impurity has a negligible effect on carrier recombination in CsPbI3 due to its small nonradiative capture coefficient and low density. This insight rationalizes why the addition of hydriodic acid does not reduce carrier lifetime and could prevent acidic additives being discarded as potential candidates for assisting film growth.
Pobreza y marginación en Acapulco. El déficit de la actividad turística
Authors: Cruz Vicente Miguel Angel , Montesillo Cedillo José Luis 
Published: March 2024

En Acapulco el turismo mantiene a la población activa, genera impactos positivos y negativos, suelen agruparse en económicos, sociales y ambientales; los impactos negativos se gestaron desde las expropiaciones de los ejidos para el desarrollo turístico. Actualmente, se identifican los vertimientos de aguas residuales, los empleos precarizados, la pobreza extrema y la marginación. El objetivo es mostrar el impacto de la actividad turística en el bienestar de la población, ya que las agencias para el desarrollo y los organismos multilaterales señalan al turismo como herramienta para mitigar la pobreza y justificar su injerencia en la política turística de los países. En Acapulco, los beneficios económicos no han permeado a mucha población, ya que tiene el mayor número de habitantes en pobreza extrema
Dilemma of Identification Patients Palliative Care Needs in Critical Care Unit
Authors: Astuti Nining Puji , Sriyono Sriyono , Yunitasari Esti , Kurniawati Ninuk Dian , Baidhowy Arief Shofyan 
Published: March 2024

Palliative care is start from diagnosis of serious illness until death and bereavement care. But, the term “Palliative Care” often mistakenly regarded identical to “End of Life Care” without any treatments. It’s caused dilemma among nurses to give maximum care of palliative care needs or let the patients get minimum of care. Methods: The aim of this article is to evaluate the dilemma palliative care needs in Intensive Care Unit. This is a case study report used a qualitative approach of 3 palliative patients in ICU used descriptive case study as well as in depth-interviews with patient’s family, nurses and internist. Results and Discussion: We present a case report of 3 patient who had been admitted to hospital with cancer and need palliative care in ICU. Patients subsequently suffered a pulmonary metastase with multiple organ failure. However the goal of end of life care for dying patients is to prevent or relieve suffering as much as possible while respecting the patient’s desires. But it is still a dilemma in Indonesia, especially palliative patients in ICU. According to medical decision, patients in ICU should receive maximum treatment, but if patient is facing multiple organ failure nurse should consider to providing palliative care. Conclusions: Palliative care approaches and provision within intensive care units can significantly impact care outcomes and increase the quality-of life people with end-of life period. Palliative care not to reduce the dose of drugs and patient care.
Fixation-related potentials during mobile map assisted navigation in the real world: The effect of landmark visualization style
Authors: Hilton Christopher , Kapaj Armand , Fabrikant Sara Irina 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
An often-proposed enhancement for mobile maps to aid assisted navigation is the presentation of landmark information, yet understanding of the manner in which they should be displayed is limited. In this study, we investigated whether the visualization of landmarks as 3D map symbols with either an abstract or realistic style influenced the subsequent processing of those landmarks during route navigation. We utilized a real-world mobile electroencephalography approach to this question by combining several tools developed to overcome the challenges typically encountered in real-world neuroscience research. We coregistered eye-movement and EEG recordings from 45 participants as they navigated through a real-world environment using a mobile map. Analyses of fixation event-related potentials revealed that the amplitude of the parietal P200 component was enhanced when participants fixated landmarks in the real world that were visualized on the mobile map in a realistic style, and that frontal P200 latencies were prolonged for landmarks depicted in either a realistic or abstract style compared with features of the environment that were not presented on the map, but only for the male participants. In contrast, we did not observe any significant effects of landmark visualization style on visual P1-N1 peaks or the parietal late positive component. Overall, the findings indicate that the cognitive matching process between landmarks seen in the environment and those previously seen on a map is facilitated by more realistic map display, while low-level perceptual processing of landmarks and recall of associated information are unaffected by map visualization style.
Assessing Gap in Food Habits of Diabetic Population in Field Practice Areas of Kims Hubballi
Authors: D. Bant Dattatreya , Kamalakar Vernekar Ganesh , R. Preeti 
Published: March 2024

	Background:
India has the largest population with diabetes. Despite the rising prevalence of Diabetes, data on the dietary profile of the Indian population in relation to the recommendations are scarce. As India has diversity even in diet patterns changing from region to region, the diet plannings are standardised without taking into consideration of the regional variation. This study is intended to know the dietary pattern of diabetic patients of this region and the gaps in their dietary patterns.

	Objectives:

•	To study the diet patterns among the diabetic patients in Hubballi taluk.
•	To understand the gaps in food habits among the diabetic patients in Hubballi taluk.
•	To understand the diabetic diet and compare it with the recommended dietary plan for diabetic patients recommended by other standards.

	Methodology:
A cross sectional study was conducted in Adult Diabetic Population of field practice area of KIMS, Hubballi with a semi- structured questionnaire to assess the gap in food habits as per ICMR guidelines and data is analyzed by SPSS version 25.

	Results:
In our study 35.1% are overweight and 37.7% are obese their mean calorie intake per day is 1500 Kcal/day in that around 50% of carbohydrate is consumed, 25% of protein and 25%of fats is consumed as compared to 40% of carbohydrates, 35% of proteins and 25% of fats recommended for diabetic patients.

	Conclusion:
From this study, it is evident that majority of the diabetic population have adequate knowledge about diabetic diet and practices that are to be followed. It is also evident that carbohydrate consumption is more and protein is less in our study participants and there is a need of formulating a diet plan according to the regional diet pattern and personal BMI.
Comparing Observed with Simulated Solar-disk-center Scattering Polarization in the Sr i 4607 Å Line
Authors: Zeuner Franziska , del Pino Alemán Tanausú , Trujillo Bueno Javier , Solanki Sami K. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Solar magnetic fields alter scattering polarization in spectral lines like Sr i at 4607 Å via the Hanle effect, making it a potential diagnostic for small-scale, mixed-polarity photospheric magnetic fields. Recently, observational evidence for scattering polarization in the Sr i 4607 Å line at the solar disk center was found. Here, we investigate the reliability of the reconstruction method that made possible this detection. To this end, we apply it to linear polarization profiles of the Sr i 4607 Å line radiation emerging at the disk center obtained from a detailed 3D radiative transfer calculation in a magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulation snapshot with a small-scale dynamo contribution. The reconstruction method systematically reduces the scattering amplitudes by up to a factor of 2, depending on the noise level. We demonstrate that the decrease can be attributed to two systematic errors: first, the physical constraint that underlies our assumptions regarding the dependence of scattering polarization on the quadrupolar moment of the radiation field; and second, the limitations of our method in accurately determining the sign of the radiation field tensor from the observed intensity image. However, by consistently applying the reconstruction process and after taking into account image-degradation effects due to the temporally variable image quality, such as imposed by seeing, the observed and synthesized polarization signals show remarkable agreement. We thus conclude that the observed scattering polarization at the solar disk center is consistent with that emerging from a MHD model of the solar photosphere with an average magnetic field of 170 G at the visible surface.
Evidence for Evolved Stellar Binary Mergers in Observed B-type Blue Supergiants
Authors: Menon Athira , Ercolino Andrea , Urbaneja Miguel A. , Lennon Daniel J. , Herrero Artemio , Hirai Ryosuke , Langer Norbert , Schootemeijer Abel , Chatzopoulos Emmanouil , Frank Juhan , Shiber Sagiv 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Blue supergiants are the brightest stars in their host galaxies, and yet their evolutionary status has been a long-standing problem in stellar astrophysics. In this pioneering work, we present a large sample of 59 early B-type supergiants in the Large Magellanic Cloud with newly derived stellar parameters and identify the signatures of stars born from binary mergers among them. We simulate novel 1D merger models of binaries consisting of post main-sequence giants with helium-rich cores (primaries) and main-sequence companions (secondaries), and consider the effects of interaction of the secondary with the core of the primary along with the mixing induced by the merger in the envelope. Thereafter, the evolution of the newborn 17–43

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stars is followed until core-carbon depletion, close to their final pre-explosion stage. Unlike stars born alone with comparable masses, stars born from mergers of evolved binaries are blue throughout their core helium-burning phase and replicate the surface gravities and Hertzsprung–Russell diagram positions of most of our sample, thus indicating that B-type supergiants structurally resemble stars born from such mergers. Moreover, the large nitrogen-to-carbon and nitrogen-to-oxygen number ratios, coupled with helium enhancements exhibited by at least half our data sample, is uniquely reproduced by our merger models. Collectively, these findings provide compelling evidence toward the important role of binary mergers in producing the currently observed population of blue supergiants in our Universe.