bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rare predicted deleterious FEZF2 variants are associated with a neurodevelopmental phenotype
Authors: Garber Alison , Weingarten Lisa S. , Abreu Nicolas J. , Elloumi Houda Zghal , Haack Tobias , Hildebrant Clara , Martínez‐Gil Núria , Mathews Jennifer , Müller Amelie Johanna , Valenzuela Palafoll Irene , Steigerwald Connolly , Chung Wendy K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFEZF2 encodes a transcription factor critical to neurodevelopment that regulates other neurodevelopment genes. Rare variants in FEZF2 have previously been suggested to play a role in autism, and cases of 3p14 microdeletions that include FEZF2 share a neurodevelopmental phenotype including mild dysmorphic features and intellectual disability. We identified seven heterozygous predicted deleterious variants in FEZF2 (three frameshifts, one recurrent missense in two independent cases, one nonsense, and one complete gene deletion) in unrelated individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders including developmental delay/intellectual disability, autism, and/or attention‐deficit/hyperactivity. Variants were confirmed to be de novo in five of seven cases and paternally inherited from an affected father in one. Predicted deleterious variants in FEZF2 may affect the expression of genes that are involved in fate choice pathways in developing neurons, and thus contribute to the neurodevelopmental phenotype. Future studies are needed to clarify the mechanism by which FEZF2 leads to this neurodevelopmental disorder.
Phosphorescence Properties of Boron/Bismuth Hybrid Conjugated Materials
Authors: Adachi Yohei , Terao Shota , Kanematsu Yusuke , Ohshita Joji 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBy introducing main–group elements such as boron and bismuth to π‐conjugated systems, it is possible to modify the optical properties of π‐conjugated materials through orbital interactions between the orbital on the elements and π/π*‐orbitals, and the heavy atom effect. Moreover, bismuth, which is the heaviest stable element, induces a significant heavy atom effect, making organobismuth compounds promising for applications as phosphorescent materials. In this study, we synthesized new room–temperature phosphorescent materials by incorporating bismuth into thiophene units. The phosphorescence properties of these materials, such as emission lifetime and wavelength, could be further controlled by combining tricoordinate boron with the thienylbismuth structures. The synthesized bismuth‐ and boron–containing thiophene compounds exhibited phosphorescence at room temperature in both solution and solid states. Furthermore, the introduction of boron raised the energy of the triplet state in the π‐conjugated system, resulting in a blue shift of the phosphorescence wavelength. The analysis of photoluminescence properties and TD‐DFT calculations revealed that the introduction of bismuth enhances phosphorescence properties, whereas the introduction of boron further promotes intersystem crossing.
Optimal design and performance analysis of secure estimator for cyber‐physical systems against deception attacks
Authors: Han Zhichen , Zhang Shengbing , Jin Zengwang , Hu Yanyan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCyber‐physical systems (CPSs) are increasingly vulnerable to the threat from malicious adversaries owing to the deep integration of networks and facilities; therefore, CPSs' security against cyber attacks has attracted extensive attention. The deception attack is one of the typical cyber attacks targeting CPSs, and a deception attack mode is established to describe the simultaneous occurrence of actuator and sensor attacks in this paper. Compared with single‐target deception attacks with constant value, the designed attack mode that can describe deception attacks against multiple components and embedded random characteristics has higher applicability in practical engineering processes. To counter such attack behavior, a secure estimator is proposed based on the ideology of augmented state to achieve the optimal design of secure state estimation and deception attack identification. Taking the energy shortage problem of CPSs into account, a novel event‐triggered communication mechanism is introduced on the basis of measurement residuals to improve resource efficiency by reducing low‐value information transmission. The communication scheme and the augmented state estimator are co‐designed by adopting the implicit information of the event‐triggered mechanism. Then, the performance of the co‐designed estimator is analyzed by the upper bound of the estimation error covariance matrix. Besides, the reconciliation between estimation performance and communication energy consumption is achieved by the derivation of Pareto equilibrium. Finally, applications of our approaches to a 3D target tracking system are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Reclassified the phenotypes of cancer types and construct a nomogram for predicting bone metastasis risk: A pan‐cancer analysis
Authors: Li Ming , Yu Wenqian , Zhang Chao , Li Huiyang , Li Xiuchuan , Song Fengju , Li Shiyi , Jiang Guoheng , Li Hongyu , Mao Min , Wang Xin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundNumerous of models have been developed to predict the bone metastasis (BM) risk; however, due to the variety of cancer types, it is difficult for clinicians to use these models efficiently. We aimed to perform the pan‐cancer analysis to create the cancer classification system for BM, and construct the nomogram for predicting the BM risk.MethodsCancer patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2018 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were included. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis was performed to create the BM prevalence‐based cancer classification system (BM‐CCS). Multivariable logistic regression was applied to investigate the possible associated factors for BM and construct a nomogram for BM risk prediction. The patients diagnosed between 2017 and 2018 were selected for validating the performance of the BM‐CCS and the nomogram, respectively.ResultsA total of 50 cancer types with 2,438,680 patients were included in the construction model. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis classified the 50 cancer types into three main phenotypes, namely, categories A, B, and C. The pooled BM prevalence in category A (17.7%; 95% CI: 17.5%–17.8%) was significantly higher than that in category B (5.0%; 95% CI: 4.5%–5.6%), and category C (1.2%; 95% CI: 1.1%–1.4%) (p < 0.001). Advanced age, male gender, race, poorly differentiated grade, higher T, N stage, and brain, lung, liver metastasis were significantly associated with BM risk, but the results were not consistent across all cancers. Based on these factors and BM‐CCS, we constructed a nomogram for predicting the BM risk. The nomogram showed good calibration and discrimination ability (AUC in validation cohort = 88%,95% CI: 87.4%–88.5%; AUC in construction cohort = 86.9%,95% CI: 86.8%–87.1%). The decision curve analysis also demonstrated the clinical usefulness.ConclusionThe classification system and prediction nomogram may guide the cancer management and individualized BM screening, thus allocating the medical resources to cancer patients. Moreover, it may also have important implications for studying the etiology of BM.
Occurrence and Biological Activities of Seco‐Iridoids from Jasminum L.
Authors: Frezza Claudio , Nicolosi Roberta Maria , Brasili Elisa , Mura Francesco , De Vita Daniela 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the first complete review on the seco‐iridoids from the genus Jasminum L. was presented. In particular, their occurrence in the genus was detailed together with their biological activities. The literature survey has clearly pointed out that only a few Jasminum species have been studied for their seco‐iridoid content evidencing oleoside derivatives as main compounds. In addition, the biological studies performed on them are very scarce focusing mainly on antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory assays with modest effectiveness. All these results greatly underline the need for further in‐depth analyses on these compounds under both the aspects.
Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Anti‐Glycation, and Anti‐Tyrosinase Compounds from the Leaves of Uvaria Siamensis
Authors: Wongwad Eakkaluk , Jadsadajerm Supachai , Mungmai Lapatrada , Wisetsai Awat 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA new oxidized heptene, 7‐benzoyloxy‐4‐hydroxy‐1‐ethoxy‐2E,4Z‐heptadiene‐1,6‐dione, namely siamheptene A (1), together with eight known compounds (2–9), were isolated from the leaves of Uvaria siamensis. Their structures were elucidated by detailed analysis of spectroscopic (IR, 1D and 2D NMR) and mass spectrometric data. Compound 9 is reported for the first time from Uvaria genus. Siamheptene A was evaluated for cytotoxicity against HeLa (cervical cancer cells), A549 (lung cancer cells), and Vero cells using the MTT assay and screened for antibacterial activities. In addition, the isolated compounds (1–7, and 9) were investigated for their antioxidant (DPPH, FRAP and ABTS+ assays), anti‐glycation, and anti‐tyrosinase properties. Based on our results, compound 1 had mild cytotoxicity against Hela and A549 cancer cell lines, with IC50 ranging from 31.09 to 31.67 μg/mL. Compound 1 also showed antioxidant activities in all tasted assays. However, it showed no detectable activity (>128 μg/mL) against various bacterial strains, and it has no inhibitory effects on tyrosinase enzymes. Among of all tested compounds, chrysin (5), showcased highest anti‐glycation and anti‐tyrosinase activities. This comprehensive analysis provides highlighting the potential of 1 as a lead compound for further structural modification and development of cytotoxic or antioxidant agents.
A Chiral [2+3] Covalent Organic Cage Based on 1,1’‐Bi‐2‐naphthol (BINOL) Units
Authors: Mohan Midhun , Pham David‐Jérôme , Fluck Audrey , Chapuis Simon , Chaumont Alain , Kauffmann Brice , Barloy Laurent , Mobian Pierre 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA [2+3] chiral covalent organic cage is produced through a dynamic covalent chemistry approach by mixing two readily available building units, viz. an enantiopure 3,3’‐diformyl 2,2’‐BINOL compound (A) with a triamino spacer (B). The two enantiomeric (R,R,R) and (S,S,S) forms of the cage C are formed nearly quantitatively thanks to the reversibility of the imine linkage. The X‐ray diffraction analysis of cage (S,S,S)‐C highlights that the six OH functions of the BINOL fragments are positioned inside the cage cavity. Upon reduction of the imine bonds of cage C, the amine cage D is obtained. The ability of the cage D to host the 1‐phenylethylammonium cation (EH+) as a guest is evaluated through UV, CD and DOSY NMR studies. A higher binding constant for (R)‐EH+ cation (Ka=1.7 106±10 % M−1) related to (S)‐EH+ (Ka=0.9 106±10 % M−1) is determined in the presence of the (R,R,R)‐D cage. This enantiopreference is in close agreement with molecular dynamics simulation.
Abnormal state prediction of flotation process based on dual attention mechanism and multivariate information fusion
Authors: Wang Shu , Fu Yu , Zhang Lin , Li Xinghua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPredicting abnormal conditions in flotation processes is vital for safety, efficiency, and product quality. However, existing studies lack predictions of abnormal working conditions in flotation processes and neglect temporal information in data. To address this, this paper proposes a novel approach for predicting abnormal work conditions in flotation processes. It utilizes a dual attention mechanism and multivariate information fusion. Features are extracted from froth images using the Xception model, a pre‐trained convolutional neural network. These features are combined with flotation process monitoring variables, creating fused data. An encoder and decoder time feature seq2seq (EDTF‐seq2seq) model with time and feature attention modules enables end‐to‐end information fusion and work condition prediction. The attention modules assign weights to each feature point, capturing the time–feature relationship and improving prediction accuracy. Four sets of experiments using real flotation process data validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, achieving favourable prediction accuracy.
Temperature‐dependent augmentation of ciliary motility by the TRP2 channel in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Fueki Shunta , Kaneko Taro , Matsuki Haruka , Hashimoto Yuki , Yoshida Megumi , Isu Atsuko , Wakabayashi Ken‐ichi , Yoshimura Kenjiro 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTemperature is a critical factor for living organisms. Many microorganisms migrate toward preferable temperatures, and this behavior is called thermotaxis. In this study, the molecular and physiological bases for thermotaxis are examined in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. A mutant with knockout of a transient receptor potential (TRP) channel, trp2‐3, showed defective thermotaxis. The swimming velocity and ciliary beat frequency of wild‐type Chlamydomonas increase with temperature; however, this temperature‐dependent enhancement of motility was almost absent in the trp2‐3 mutant. Wild‐type Chlamydomonas showed negative thermotaxis, but mutants deficient in the outer or inner dynein arm showed positive thermotaxis and a defect in temperature‐dependent increase in swimming velocity, suggesting involvement of both dynein arms in thermotaxis.
Thermal Equation of State of Cubic Silicon Carbide at High Pressures
Authors: Chanyshev Artem , Martirosyan Naira , Wang Lin , Chakraborti Amrita , Purevjav Narangoo , Wang Fei , Kim Eun Jeong , Tang Hu , Fedotenko Timofey , Bhat Shrikant , Farla Robert , Katsura Tomoo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe have performed in situ X‐ray diffraction measurements of cubic silicon carbide (SiC) with a zinc‐blende crystal structure (B3) at high pressures and temperatures using multi‐anvil apparatus. The ambient volume inferred from the compression curves is smaller than that of the starting material. Using the 3rd‐order Birch‐Murnaghan equation of state and the Mie‐Grüneisen‐Debye model, we have determined the thermoelastic parameters of the B3‐SiC to be K0=228±3 GPa, K0’,=4.4±0.4, q=0.27±0.37, where K0, K0’ and q are the isothermal bulk modulus, its pressure derivative and logarithmic volume dependence of the Grüneisen parameter, respectively. Using the 3rd‐order Birch‐Murnaghan EOS with the thermal expansion coefficient, the thermoelastic parameters have been found as K0=221±3 GPa, K0’,=5.2±0.4, α0=0.90±0.02 ⋅ 10−5 ⋅ K−1, where α0 is the thermal expansion coefficient at room pressure and temperature. We have determined that paired B3‐SiC – MgO calibrants can be used to estimate pressure and temperature simultaneously in ultrahigh‐pressure experiments up to 60 GPa.
Incidence of young‐onset dementia in Italy: The Brescia register study
Authors: Borroni Barbara , Libri Ilenia , Rota Matteo , Binetti Giuliano , Benussi Luisa , Ghidoni Roberta , Cotelli Maria Sofia , Fostinelli Silvia , Guerini Fabio , Boffelli Stefano , Magni Eugenio , Pengo Marta , Gennuso Michele , Bianchi Marta , Cossu Beatrice , Palomba Vincenzo , Crucitti Andrea , Bianchetti Angelo , Logroscino Giancarlo , Padovani Alessandro 
Published: March 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe goal of the present work was to assess the incidence of dementia with onset before the age of 65 years (i.e., young‐onset dementia [YOD]) and define the frequencies of young‐onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) in the general population.METHODSThe study was conducted from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 in Brescia province (population: 1,268,455). During the study period, all new YOD cases (incident YOD) were counted, and all patients’ records reviewed. The incidence was standardized to the Italian general population in 2019.RESULTSA total of 29 YOD patients were diagnosed. The age‐sex standardized incidence rate was 4.58 (95% confidence interval, 3.07–6.58) per 100,000 person‐years. No difference in incidence rate between YOD due to AD or FTLD (P = 0.83) and between sexes (P = 0.81) was observed. YOD incidence increased with age, reaching its peak after 60 years.DISCUSSIONPresenting neurodegenerative YOD phenotypes encompasses both AD and FTLD. Improved knowledge on YOD epidemiology is essential to adequately plan and organize health services.
Recolonization of secondary forests by a locally extinct Caribbean anole through the lens of range expansion theory
Authors: Acevedo Miguel A. , Fankhauser Carly , González Luis , Quigg Marné , Gonzalez Bella , Papa Riccardo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDisturbance and recovery dynamics are characteristic features of many ecosystems. Disturbance dynamics are widely studied in ecology and conservation biology. Still, we know less about the ecological processes that drive ecosystem recovery. The ecological processes that mediate ecosystem recovery stand at the intersection of many theoretical frameworks. Range expansion theory is one of these complementary frameworks that can provide unique insights into the population‐level processes that mediate ecosystem recovery, particularly fauna recolonization. Although the biodiversity patterns that follow the fauna recolonization of recovering forests have been well described in the literature, the ecological processes at the population level that drive these patterns remain conspicuously unknown. In this study, we tested three fundamental predictions of range expansion theory during the recolonization of recovering forests in Puerto Rico by a shade specialist anole, Anolis gundlachi. Range expansion theory predicts that individuals at the early stages of recolonization (i.e., younger forests) would have a high prevalence of dispersive traits, experience less density dependence, and suffer less parasitism. To test these predictions, we conducted a chronosequence study applying space‐for‐time substitution where we compared phenotypic traits (i.e., body size, body condition, and relative limb size), population density, population growth rates, and Plasmodium parasitism rates among lizard populations living in young (<30 years), mid (~40–70 years), and old‐growth forests (>75 years). Lizard populations in younger forests had lower densities, higher population growth rates, and lower rates of Plasmodium parasitism compared with old‐growth forests. Still, while we found that individuals had larger body sizes, and longer forelimbs in young forests in one site, this result was not consistent among sites. This suggests a potential trade‐off between the traits that provide a dispersal advantage during the initial stages of recolonization and those that are advantageous to establish in novel environmental conditions. Overall, our study emphasizes the suitability of range expansion theory to describe fauna recolonization but also highlights that the ecological processes that drive recolonization are time‐dependent, complex, and nuanced.
Patterns in bird and pollinator occupancy and richness in a mosaic of urban office parks across scales and seasons
Authors: Iknayan Kelly J. , Heath Sacha K. , Terrill Scott B. , Wenny Daniel G. , Panlasigui Stephanie , Wang Yiwei , Beller Erin E. , Spotswood Erica N. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUrbanization is a leading cause of global biodiversity loss, yet cities can provide resources required by many species throughout the year. In recognition of this, cities around the world are adopting strategies to increase biodiversity. These efforts would benefit from a robust understanding of how natural and enhanced features in urbanized areas influence various taxa. We explored seasonal and spatial patterns in occupancy and taxonomic richness of birds and pollinators among office parks in Santa Clara County, California, USA, where natural features and commercial landscaping have generated variation in conditions across scales. We surveyed birds and insect pollinators, estimated multi‐species occupancy and species richness, and found that spatial scale (local, neighborhood, and landscape scale), season, and urban sensitivity were all important for understanding how communities occupied sites. Features at the landscape (distance to streams or baylands) and local scale (tree canopy, shrub, or impervious cover) were the strongest predictors of avian occupancy in all seasons. Pollinator richness was influenced by local tree canopy and impervious cover in spring, and distance to baylands in early and late summer. We then predicted the relative contributions of different spatial scales to annual bird species richness by simulating “good” and “poor” quality sites based on influential covariates returned by the previous models. Shifting from poor to good quality conditions locally increased annual avian richness by up to 6.8 species with no predicted effect on the quality of the neighborhood. Conversely, sites of poor local and neighborhood scale quality in good‐quality landscapes were predicted to harbor 11.5 more species than sites of good local‐ and neighborhood‐scale quality in poor‐quality landscapes. Finally, more urban‐sensitive bird species were gained at good quality sites relative to urban tolerant species, suggesting that urban natural features at the local and landscape scales disproportionately benefited them.
Constitutive expression of the Type VI Secretion System carries no measurable fitness cost in Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Zhang Christopher , Datta Sayantan , Ratcliff William C. , Hammer Brian K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Type VI Secretion System (T6SS) is a widespread and highly effective mechanism of microbial warfare; it confers the ability to efficiently kill susceptible cells within close proximity. Due to its large physical size, complexity, and ballistic basis for intoxication, it has widely been assumed to incur significant growth costs in the absence of improved competitive outcomes. In this study, we precisely examine the fitness costs of constitutive T6SS firing in the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. We find that, contrary to expectations, constitutive expression of the T6SS has a negligible impact on growth, reducing growth fitness by 0.025 ± 0.5% (95% CI) relative to a T6SS− control. Mathematical modeling of microbial populations demonstrates that, due to clonal interference, constitutive expression of the T6SS will often be neutral, with little impact on evolutionary outcomes. Our findings underscore the importance of precisely measuring the fitness costs of microbial social behaviors and help explain the prevalence of the T6SS across Gram‐negative bacteria.