bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of mortality and outcomes of four respiratory viruses in the intensive care unit: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Grangier Baptiste , Vacheron Charles-Hervé , De Marignan Donatien , Casalegno Jean-Sebastien , Couray-Targe Sandrine , Bestion Audrey , Ader Florence , Richard Jean-Christophe , Frobert Emilie , Argaud Laurent , Rimmele Thomas , Lukaszewicz Anne-Claire , Aubrun Frédéric , Dailler Frédéric , Fellahi Jean-Luc , Bohe Julien , Piriou Vincent , Allaouchiche Bernard , Friggeri Arnaud , Wallet Florent ,   The Lyon Sud COVID-19 ICU, Thiolliere Fabrice , Joffredo Emilie , Jay Lucille , Darien Marie , David Jean-Stéphane , Cerruti Charlotte , Lecocq Maxime , Izaute Guillaume , Collenot Thomas , Vassal Olivia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis retrospective study aimed to compare the mortality and burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV group), SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 group), non-H1N1 (Seasonal influenza group) and H1N1 influenza (H1N1 group) in adult patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) with respiratory failure. A total of 807 patients were included. Mortality was compared between the four following groups: RSV, COVID-19, seasonal influenza, and H1N1 groups. Patients in the RSV group had significantly more comorbidities than the other patients. At admission, patients in the COVID-19 group were significantly less severe than the others according to the simplified acute physiology score-2 (SAPS-II) and sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores. Using competing risk regression, COVID-19 (sHR = 1.61; 95% CI 1.10; 2.36) and H1N1 (sHR = 1.87; 95% CI 1.20; 2.93) were associated with a statistically significant higher mortality while seasonal influenza was not (sHR = 0.93; 95% CI 0.65; 1.31), when compared to RSV. Despite occurring in more severe patients, RSV and seasonal influenza group appear to be associated with a more favorable outcome than COVID-19 and H1N1 groups.
Association between oral and fecal microbiome dysbiosis and treatment complications in pediatric patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Faraci M. , Bonaretti C. , Dell’Orso G. , Pierri F. , Giardino S. , Angiero F. , Blasi S. , Farronato G. , Di Marco E. , Trevisiol A. , Olcese E. , Rufino L. , Squillario M. , Biassoni R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe oral and gastrointestinal mucosae represent the main targets of the toxic effect of chemo and/or radiotherapy administered during the conditioning regimen before hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). These harmful consequences and the immunological complications that may occur after the transplant (such as Graft versus Host Disease, GvHD) are responsible for the clinical symptoms associated with mucositis during the aplasia phase, like pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. These toxicities could play a critical role in the oral and gastrointestinal microbiomes during the post-transplant phase, and the degree of microbial dysbiosis and dysregulation among different bacterial species could also be crucial in intestinal mucosa homeostasis, altering the host’s innate and adaptive immune responses and favoring abnormal immune responses responsible for the occurrence of GvHD. This prospective pediatric study aims to analyze longitudinally oral and gut microbiomes in 17 pediatric patients who received allogeneic HSCT for malignant and non-malignant diseases. The oral mucositis was mainly associated with an increased relative abundance of Fusobacteria, and Prevotella species, while Streptococcus descendants showed a negative correlation. The fecal microbiome of subjects affected by cutaneous acute GvHD (aGvHD) correlated with Proteobacteria. Oral mucosal microbiota undergoes changes after HSCT, Fusobacteria, and Prevotella represent bacterial species associated with mucositis and they could be the target for future therapeutic approaches, while fecal microbiome in patients with acute GvHD (aGvHD) revealed an increase of different class of Proteobacteria (Alphaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria) and a negative correlation with the class of Gammaproteobacteria.
7-day patterns in Black-White segregation in 49 metropolitan areas
Authors: Chae Joanna 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhile residential segregation is a persistent attribute of metropolitan areas, recent studies find segregation levels fluctuate throughout the day, reaching their lowest levels during daytime hours. This paper shows hourly variations in Black-White segregation from Monday through Sunday for the top 49 most populated metropolitan areas with Global Positioning System (GPS) data collected from mobile phones from October 2018. I find that segregation levels are higher on average over weekends compared to that of weekdays. I use models to identify the characteristics of neighborhoods with higher levels of segregation on weekends, which include all demographic variables and nearly a third of 35 sectors of businesses and organizations, such as retail, personal care, and religious organizations. I also find more than a third of the sectors are associated with higher levels of segregation during business hours on weekdays, including academic institutions, health care, manufacturing, and financial institutions. Findings from this paper display the significance in the distinction between weekdays and weekends with where people spend their time and how this relates to racial segregation. Specifically, Black people, on average, stay in their home census tracts and visit non-White neighborhoods for organizational resources more so than White people. Significant patterns of associations between racial segregation and the majority of businesses demonstrate the salience of race for more industries than previously understood.
Performance of probable dementia classification in a European multi-country survey
Authors: Klee Matthias , Langa Kenneth M. , Leist Anja K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFeasibility constraints limit availability of validated cognitive assessments in observational studies. Algorithm-based identification of ‘probable dementia’ is thus needed, but no algorithm developed so far has been applied in the European context. The present study sought to explore the usefulness of the Langa–Weir (LW) algorithm to detect ‘probable dementia’ while accounting for country-level variation in prevalence and potential underreporting of dementia. Data from 56 622 respondents of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE, 2017) aged 60 years and older with non-missing data were analyzed. Performance of LW was compared to a logistic regression, random forest and XGBoost classifier. Population-level ‘probable dementia’ prevalence was compared to estimates based on data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. As such, application of the prevalence-specific LW algorithm, based on recall and limitations in instrumental activities of daily living, reduced underreporting from 61.0 (95% CI, 53.3–68.7%) to 30.4% (95% CI, 19.3–41.4%), outperforming tested machine learning algorithms. Performance in other domains of health and cognitive function was similar for participants classified ‘probable dementia’ and those self-reporting physician-diagnosis of dementia. Dementia classification algorithms can be adapted to cross-national cohort surveys such as SHARE and help reduce underreporting of dementia with a minimal predictor set.
Real-world comparison of terlipressin vs. octreotide as an adjuvant treatment in the management of variceal bleeding
Authors: Rehman H. , Rehman S. T. , Zulfiqar S. , Awan S. , Abid Shahab 
Published: March 2024

AbstractVariceal bleeding is a major complication and the leading cause of death in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of terlipressin vs octreotide as an adjuvant to endoscopic management of patients with esophageal variceal bleeding in a real-time scenario. We reviewed the medical records of patients with esophageal variceal bleeding from January 2005 to December 2020 at our tertiary care Aga Khan University Hospital. Mortality was assessed after 6 weeks. A total of 842 patients with variceal bleed were evaluated. 624 patients (74.1%) and 218 patients (25.9%) received Terlipressin and Octreotide respectively. On multiple regression analysis, cardiac events during hospital stay (OR: 11.22), presence of Porto-systemic encephalopathy (OR: 3.79), and elevated bilirubin levels at the time of presentation were found to be independent risk factors for increased six weeks mortality. Moreover, cardiac events during hospital stay (OR: 3.26), Porto-systemic encephalopathy at presentation (OR: 3.06), and octreotide administration (OR: 1.80) were identified as independent risk factors for increased length of hospital stay. Terlipressin and Octreotide have similar outcomes in terms of control of bleeding, hospital stay, mortality, and side effects when used as adjuvant therapy for the management of variceal bleeding.
Development of a novel AAK1 inhibitor via Kinobeads-based screening
Authors: Yoshida Akari , Ohtsuka Satomi , Matsumoto Fumiya , Miyagawa Tomoyuki , Okino Rei , Ikeda Yumeya , Tada Natsume , Gotoh Akira , Magari Masaki , Hatano Naoya , Morishita Ryo , Satoh Ayano , Sunatsuki Yukinari , Nilsson Ulf J. , Ishikawa Teruhiko , Tokumitsu Hiroshi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA chemical proteomics approach using Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK) inhibitor–immobilized sepharose (TIM-063-Kinobeads) identified main targets such as CaMKKα/1 and β/2, and potential off-target kinases, including AP2-associated protein kinase 1 (AAK1), as TIM-063 interactants. Because TIM-063 interacted with the AAK1 catalytic domain and inhibited its enzymatic activity moderately (IC50 = 8.51 µM), we attempted to identify potential AAK1 inhibitors from TIM-063-derivatives and found a novel AAK1 inhibitor, TIM-098a (11-amino-2-hydroxy-7H-benzo[de]benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-7-one) which is more potent (IC50 = 0.24 µM) than TIM-063 without any inhibitory activity against CaMKK isoforms and a relative AAK1-selectivity among the Numb-associated kinases family. TIM-098a could inhibit AAK1 activity in transfected cultured cells (IC50 = 0.87 µM), indicating cell-membrane permeability of the compound. Overexpression of AAK1 in HeLa cells significantly reduced the number of early endosomes, which was blocked by treatment with 10 µM TIM-098a. These results indicate TIM-063-Kinobeads-based chemical proteomics is efficient for identifying off-target kinases and re-evaluating the kinase inhibitor (TIM-063), leading to the successful development of a novel inhibitory compound (TIM-098a) for AAK1, which could be a molecular probe for AAK1. TIM-098a may be a promising lead compound for a more potent, selective and therapeutically useful AAK1 inhibitor.
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells mitigate chronic colitis and enteric neuropathy via anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative mechanisms
Authors: Stavely Rhian , Robinson Ainsley M. , Fraser Sarah , Filippone Rhiannon T. , Stojanovska Vanesa , Eri Rajaraman , Apostolopoulos Vasso , Sakkal Samy , Nurgali Kulmira 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCurrent treatments for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are often inadequate due to limited efficacy and toxicity, leading to surgical resection in refractory cases. IBD’s broad and complex pathogenesis involving the immune system, enteric nervous system, microbiome, and oxidative stress requires more effective therapeutic strategies. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) treatments in spontaneous chronic colitis using the Winnie mouse model which closely replicates the presentation and inflammatory profile of ulcerative colitis. The 14-day BM-MSC treatment regimen reduced the severity of colitis, leading to the attenuation of diarrheal symptoms and recovery in body mass. Morphological and histological abnormalities in the colon were also alleviated. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that BM-MSC treatment led to alterations in gene expression profiles primarily downregulating genes related to inflammation, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and other biomarkers of inflammation. Further evaluation of immune cell populations using immunohistochemistry revealed a reduction in leukocyte infiltration upon BM-MSC treatment. Notably, enteric neuronal gene signatures were the most impacted by BM-MSC treatment, which correlated with the restoration of neuronal density in the myenteric ganglia. Moreover, BM-MSCs exhibited neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress-induced neuronal loss through antioxidant mechanisms, including the reduction of mitochondrial-derived superoxide and attenuation of oxidative stress-induced HMGB1 translocation, potentially relying on MSC-derived SOD1. These findings suggest that BM-MSCs hold promise as a therapeutic intervention to mitigate chronic colitis by exerting anti-inflammatory effects and protecting the enteric nervous system from oxidative stress-induced damage.
Multi-hop clustering routing protocol design based on simultaneous wireless information and power transfer technology and imperfect spectrum sensing for EH-CRSNs
Authors: Wang Jihong , Xie Zixiao , Liu Chang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExisting clustering routing protocols for multi-hop energy harvesting-cognitive radio sensor networks (EH-CRSNs) generally assume perfect spectrum sensing, which is not aligned with the practical spectrum sensing capabilities of nodes in real networks. Additionally, the severe imbalance in residual energy among cluster heads (CHs) negatively affects the successful data delivery. To resolve these problems, this paper introduces a simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT)- and imperfect spectrum sensing-based multi-hop clustering routing protocol (ES-ISSMCRP). ES-ISSMCRP makes full use of downlink EH and intra-cluster SWIPT technologies to replenish and equalize the remaining energy among nodes, further extending network lifespan while maintaining network surveillance capabilities. Specifically, to reduce the adverse impact of imperfect spectrum sensing on network performance and improve energy utilization, this paper proposes an EH-based energy level function and associated selection criteria for CHs and relays, facilitating distributed cluster formation and multi-hop routing selection between clusters. To equalize the residual energy among nodes within a cluster, ES-ISSMCRP protocol enables cluster members (CMs) to decide whether employ SWIPT technology with a power splitting (PS) receiver architecture to transmit energy to their CH while sending data. The actual energy value transmitted by CMs using SWIPT technology is deduced by calculating the PS ratio and the expected energy expenditure of nodes for data transmission. Simulation results show that ES-ISSMCRP protocol offers significant improvements over other comparative protocols in terms of extending network lifespan and enhancing network surveillance capabilities.
Air pollution exposure may impact the composition of human milk oligosaccharides
Authors: Naik Noopur C. , Holzhausen Elizabeth A. , Chalifour Bridget N. , Coffman Maria M. , Lurmann Fredrick , Goran Michael I. , Bode Lars , Alderete Tanya L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHuman milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) impact neonate immunity and health outcomes. However, the environmental factors influencing HMO composition remain understudied. This study examined the associations between ambient air pollutant (AAP) exposure and HMOs at 1-month postpartum. Human milk samples were collected at 1-month postpartum (n = 185). AAP (PM2.5, PM10, NO2) exposure included the 9-month pregnancy period through 1-month postpartum. Associations between AAP with (1) HMO diversity, (2) the sum of sialylated and fucosylated HMOs, (3) 6 a priori HMOs linked with infant health, and (4) all HMOs were examined using multivariable linear regression and principal component analysis (PCA). Exposure to AAP was associated with lower HMO diversity. PM2.5 and PM10 exposure was positively associated with the HMO 3-fucosyllactose (3FL); PM2.5 exposure was positively associated with the sum of total HMOs, sum of fucosylated HMOs, and the HMO 2′-fucosyllactose (2′FL). PCA indicated the PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 exposures were associated with HMO profiles. Individual models indicated that AAP exposure was associated with five additional HMOs (LNFP I, LNFP II, DFLNT, LNH). This is the first study to demonstrate associations between AAP and breast milk HMOs. Future longitudinal studies will help determine the long-term impact of AAP on human milk composition.
Surface modification and coherence in lithium niobate SAW resonators
Authors: Gruenke Rachel G. , Hitchcock Oliver A. , Wollack E. Alex , Sarabalis Christopher J. , Jankowski Marc , McKenna Timothy P. , Lee Nathan R. , Safavi-Naeini Amir H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLithium niobate is a promising material for developing quantum acoustic technologies due to its strong piezoelectric effect and availability in the form of crystalline thin films of high quality. However, at radio frequencies and cryogenic temperatures, these resonators are limited by the presence of decoherence and dephasing due to two-level systems. To mitigate these losses and increase device performance, a more detailed picture of the microscopic nature of these loss channels is needed. In this study, we fabricate several lithium niobate acoustic wave resonators and apply different processing steps that modify their surfaces. These treatments include argon ion sputtering, annealing, and acid cleans. We characterize the effects of these treatments using three surface-sensitive measurements: cryogenic microwave spectroscopy measuring density and coupling of TLS to mechanics, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. We learn from these studies that, surprisingly, increases of TLS density may accompany apparent improvements in the surface quality as probed by the latter two approaches. Our work outlines the importance that surfaces and fabrication techniques play in altering acoustic resonator coherence, and suggests gaps in our understanding as well as approaches to address them.
Determination of oxidative stress level and some antioxidant activities in refractory epilepsy patients
Authors: Yilgor Abdullah , Demir Canan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in patients with refractory epilepsy. Serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined using the spectrophotometer method. Refractory epilepsy patients’ serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were statistically significant compared to the healthy control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels may play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of refractory epilepsy. This study was the first to investigate some parameters in refractory epilepsy disease.
Depth perception of stereoscopic transparent stimuli with frame manipulation
Authors: Aida Saori , Fukamachi Shunta , Shimono Koichi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDepth perception is crucial in human vision, allowing us to move and interact with our 3-D surroundings. We used a stereoscopic transparent stimulus comprising parallel overlapping transparent stereoscopic surfaces (POTS) to understand depth perception better. The study focused on exploring the effect of a surrounding frame on the perceived depth of a POTS configuration. The research was based on a proposed idea that explains an "off-frame" effect: a frame at a different depth from a 2-D photograph depicting a 3-D scene increases its apparent depth qualitatively. The idea assumes that processing the disparity between a frame and a photo reduces the reliability of the photograph's flatness cues and increases depth magnitude in depth cue integration. We examined whether the idea can be applied to a 3-D POTS with the flatness cue as the constant accommodation. Through three experiments, the study showed that frames impact the perceived depth magnitude of a POTS configuration. More specifically, the depth magnitude increases as the frame's disparity concerning the monitor plane increases and decreases as the frame's size increases. We discussed the results in the context of depth cue combination.
Prmt6 represses the pro-adipogenic Ppar-gamma–C/ebp-alpha transcription factor loop
Authors: Gerstner Mirjam , Heller Vivien , Fechner Johannes , Hermann Benedikt , Wang Lei , Lausen Joern 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe feed-forward loop between the transcription factors Ppar-gamma and C/ebp-alpha is critical for lineage commitment during adipocytic differentiation. Ppar-gamma interacts with epigenetic cofactors to activate C/ebp-alpha and the downstream adipocytic gene expression program. Therefore, knowledge of the epigenetic cofactors associated with Ppar-gamma, is central to understanding adipocyte differentiation in normal differentiation and disease. We found that Prmt6 is present with Ppar-gamma on the Ppar-gamma and C/ebp-alpha promoter. It contributes to the repression of C/ebp-alpha expression, in part through its ability to induce H3R2me2a. During adipocyte differentiation, Prmt6 expression is reduced and the methyltransferase leaves the promoters. As a result, the expression of Ppar-gamma and C/ebp-alpha is upregulated and the adipocytic gene expression program is established. Inhibition of Prmt6 by a small molecule enhances adipogenesis, opening up the possibility of epigenetic manipulation of differentiation. Our data provide detailed information on the molecular mechanism controlling the Ppar-gamma–C/ebp-alpha feed-forward loop. Thus, they advance our understanding of adipogenesis in normal and aberrant adipogenesis.