bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early morning sport scheduling is associated with poorer subjective sleep characteristics in British student‐athletes
Authors: Wilson Sandy M. B. , Jones Martin I. , Draper Stephen B. , Parker John K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study presents the sleep characteristics of British student‐athletes and examines the relationships between sport scheduling and time demands on sleep outcomes. Student‐athletes (n = 157, 51% male) completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI). Self‐reported sleep characteristics on weekdays and weekends, weekly frequencies of early morning and late evening sport sessions, and academic‐related and sport‐related time demands were also collected. Questionnaires revealed a high prevalence of undesired sleep characteristics including poor sleep quality (global PSQI >5 in 49.0%) and low sleep durations on weekdays (25% reporting <7 h). Paired t‐tests revealed significant differences in bedtime, waketime, sleep duration, and sleep onset latency between weekdays and weekends (all p < 0.01). Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that early morning sport frequency was a significant predictor of PSQI (β = 0.30) and SHI (β = 0.24) global scores, weekday waketimes (β = −0.17), and weekday sleep durations (β = −0.25; all p < 0.05) in models adjusted for participant characteristics. Late evening sport frequency, and academic‐related and sport‐related time demands, were not significant predictors of any sleep outcome. Adjusting sport scheduling to avoid early start times could provide a means to improve sleep outcomes and may improve sporting performance and academic attainment.
Degenerate oligonucleotide primer MIG‐seq: an effective PCR‐based method for high‐throughput genotyping
Authors: Nishimura Kazusa , Kokaji Hiroyuki , Motoki Ko , Yamazaki Akira , Nagasaka Kyoka , Mori Takashi , Takisawa Rihito , Yasui Yasuo , Kawai Takashi , Ushijima Koichiro , Yamasaki Masanori , Saito Hiroki , Nakano Ryohei , Nakazaki Tetsuya 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYNext‐generation sequencing (NGS) library construction often involves using restriction enzymes to decrease genome complexity, enabling versatile polymorphism detection in plants. However, plant leaves frequently contain impurities, such as polyphenols, necessitating DNA purification before enzymatic reactions. To overcome this problem, we developed a PCR‐based method for expeditious NGS library preparation, offering flexibility in number of detected polymorphisms. By substituting a segment of the simple sequence repeat sequence in the MIG‐seq primer set (MIG‐seq being a PCR method enabling library construction with low‐quality DNA) with degenerate oligonucleotides, we introduced variability in detectable polymorphisms across various crops. This innovation, named degenerate oligonucleotide primer MIG‐seq (dpMIG‐seq), enabled a streamlined protocol for constructing dpMIG‐seq libraries from unpurified DNA, which was implemented stably in several crop species, including fruit trees. Furthermore, dpMIG‐seq facilitated efficient lineage selection in wheat and enabled linkage map construction and quantitative trait loci analysis in tomato, rice, and soybean without necessitating DNA concentration adjustments. These findings underscore the potential of the dpMIG‐seq protocol for advancing genetic analyses across diverse plant species.
Differences in Lower-Extremity Joint Coordination During Two Landing Phases of a Drop Jump Task
Authors: Wang JiaWei , Liu Ye 
Published: March 2024

The aim of the present study was to compare the differences in joint coordination patterns and variability in the lower extremity between the first and second landing phases of the drop jump. Eighteen resistance-trained men (age: 22.8 ± 1.8 years) performed drop jumps from a height of 0.40 m. An eight-camera motion capture system was utilized to record kinematic trajectories. Modified vector coding technique and circular statistics were used to determine the coordination pattern and variability of the following joint couples during the first and second landings: hip frontal–knee frontal (HfKf), hip sagittal–knee frontal (HsKf), hip sagittal–knee sagittal (HsKs), knee frontal–ankle frontal (KfAf), knee sagittal–ankle frontal (KsAf), and knee sagittal–ankle sagittal (KsAs). Statistical differences in the distribution frequencies of coupling angles and variability between the dominant and nondominant limbs across the two landing phases were compared using two-way repeated analysis of variance and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. During the second landing phase, the proportion of HsKs, KfAf, and KsAs showing in-phase coordination was reduced but the proportion of KfAf and KsAs showing proximal joint (knee) coordination was increased (p < .05). Significant differences in bilateral asymmetry were observed only for the HfKf and KfAf patients (p < .05). HsKs, KfAf, and KsAf varied considerably during the second landing phase (p < .05). Joint coordination patterns during the second landing phase of the drop jump differed considerably from those during the first landing phase, thereby increasing the risk of knee and ankle injuries.
The Level of Anti-Viral Antigen-Specific Antibodies to EBNA-1 in the Serum of MS Patients Does not Depend on the Severity of the Disease
Authors: Ovchinnikova L. A. , Dzhelad S. S. , Simaniv T. O. , Zakharova M. N. , Gabibov A. G. , Lomakin Y. A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune neurodegenerative disease leading to inevitable disability and primarily affecting the young and middle-aged population. Recent studies have shown a direct correlation between the risk of MS development and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection. Analysis of the titer of EBV-specific antibodies among patients with MS and healthy donors among Russian population confirmed that MS is characterized by an increased level of serum IgG binding EBNA-1 (EBV nuclear antigen 1). The number of patients with elevated levels of EBNA-1-specific antibodies does not differ statistically significantly between two groups with diametrically opposite courses of MS: benign MS or highly active MS. It can be assumed that the primary link between EBV and the development of MS is restricted to the initiation of the disease and does not impact its severity.
Do they stay, or do they go? Children presenting to five emergency departments across New South Wales, Australia with acute burn injuries: a retrospective review
Authors: Phillips Wayne , Southern Erin , Cattell Carol , Owens Penny , Jaques Madeleine , Melbourne Gregory , Kezhekkekara Shwetha , Frost Steven A 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveThe overall objective of the study was to describe the disposition status of children presenting with a burn injury to five emergency departments (ED) across New South Wales (NSW), Australia.DesignA retrospective study design was used to review routinely collected ED data.SettingStudy sites included five acute hospitals across NSW, Australia.ParticipantsDuring the 5-year study period between 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2020, there were 5213 paediatric burn injury presentations.ResultsThe mean age of burn injury presentations was 24 months (Inter-Quartile-Range (IQR) 12–84), of which 57% (2951/5213) were males. The most common presentation time was between 16:00 and 23:59 hours (63%, 3297/5213), and the median time spent in the ED was 3 hours (IQR 1–4). The majority (80%, 4196/5213) of the burn injuries presentations did not require hospital admission. The most common principal diagnoses were ‘Burn body region unspecified’ (n=1916) and ‘Burn of wrist and hand’ (n=1060).ConclusionMost children who presented to the hospital with a burn injury were not admitted. Often the details of these burns were poorly recorded and a complete picture of the true burden of burn injury in children, especially the ongoing care given outside the acute hospital setting, is missing. This information is crucial, as it would inform future models of care as the paradigm shifts rapidly towards primary, ambulatory and outpatient models of care.
Development of radiographic knee osteoarthritis and the associations to radiographic changes and baseline variables in individuals with knee pain: a 2-year longitudinal study
Authors: Törnblom Margareta , Bremander Ann , Aili Katarina , Andersson Maria L E , Nilsdotter Anna , Haglund Emma 
Published: March 2024

ObjectivesThe aim was to study the development of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (RKOA) in individuals with knee pain over 2 years, and the associations between radiographic changes and baseline variables.DesignLongitudinal cohort study.Participants and settingThis study is part of the Halland Osteoarthritis cohort. The included 178 individuals, aged 30–67, had knee pain, without cruciate ligament injury or radiographic findings and 67% were women. The presence of RKOA was defined as Ahlbäck score of ≥1 in ≥1 knee. (Ahlbäck grade 1: joint space narrowing in the tibiofemoral joint <3 mm). Diagnosis of clinical KOA was based on the clinical guideline from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), pain intensity, physical function, body mass index (BMI) and visceral fat area (VFA) were measured. Associations to RKOA were analysed with logistic regression (OR).ResultsIn all, 13.8% (n=24) developed RKOA in 2 years whereof all had clinical KOA at baseline, as defined by NICE. Deterioration to RKOA was significantly associated with higher BMI, OR 1.119 (95% CI 1.024 to 1.223; p=0.013), and VFA, 1.008 (95% CI 1.000 to 1.016; p=0.049), worse knee pain intensity, 1.238 (95% CI 1.028 to 1.490; p=0.024), worse scores for KOOS Pain, 0.964 (95% CI 0.937 to 0.992; p=0.013) and KOOS Symptoms, 0.967 (95% CI 0.939 to 0.996; p=0.027), KOOS Activities of daily living 0.965 (95% CI 0.935 to 0.996; p=0.026) and KOOS Quality of Life 0.973 (95% CI 0.947 to 0.999; p=0.044), at baseline.ConclusionsOne out of seven individuals with clinical KOA developed RKOA in only 2 years. Baseline variables associated with RKOA after 2 years may possibly be detected early by using the NICE guideline, assessment of obesity and self-reported data of symptoms to support first-line treatment: education, exercise and weight control.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04928170)
Physician awareness and understanding of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy in Japan: a web-based study
Authors: Takeshita Yukio , Imajo Yasuaki , Oh Akinori , Kikutani Masayoshi , Okamatsu Nobuaki 
Published: March 2024

ObjectivesTo investigate potential knowledge gaps between neurologists and non-specialists and identify challenges in the current management of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), with a focus on ‘early diagnosis’ and ‘appropriate treatment’ for CIDP.DesignA non-interventional, cross-sectional, web-based quantitative survey of physicians working in healthcare clinics or hospitals in Japan.SettingParticipants were recruited from the Nikkei Business Publications panel from 18 August to 14 September 2022.ParticipantsResponses from 360 physicians (120 each of internists, orthopaedists and neurologists) were collected.Outcome measuresResponses relating to a CIDP hypothetical case and current understanding were assessed to determine awareness, collaboration preferences and diagnosis and treatment decisions.ResultsUnderstanding of CIDP was 90.8% among neurologists, 10.8% among orthopaedists and 13.3% among internists; >80% of orthopaedists and internists answered that neurologists are preferable for treatment. Diagnostic assessment using a hypothetical case showed 95.0% of neurologists, 74.2% of orthopaedists and 72.5% of internists suspected CIDP. Among orthopaedists and internists suspecting CIDP, >70% considered referring to neurology, while ~10% considered continuing treatment without a referral. Among neurologists, 69.4% chose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) as first-line treatment and determined effectiveness to be ≤3 months.ConclusionsOrthopaedists and internists had lower CIDP awareness compared with neurologists, which may lead to inadequate referrals to neurology. Evaluation of IVIg effectiveness for maintenance therapy occurred earlier than the guideline recommendations (6–12 months), risking premature discontinuation. Improving CIDP knowledge among orthopaedists and internists is critical for better diagnosis and collaboration with neurologists. Neurologists should consider slow and careful evaluation of IVIg maintenance therapy.Trial registration numberUMIN000048516.
Predicting parameters of airway dynamics generated from inspiratory and expiratory plethysmographic airway loops, differentiating subtypes of chronic obstructive diseases
Authors: Kraemer Richard , Smith Hans-Jürgen , Reinstaedtler Juergen , Gallati Sabina , Matthys Heinrich 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundThe plethysmographic shift volume–flow loop (sRaw-loop) measured during tidal breathing allows the determination of several lung function parameters such as the effective specific airway resistance (sReff), calculated from the ratio of the integral of the resistive aerodynamic specific work of breathing (sWOB) and the integral of the corresponding flow–volume loop. However, computing the inspiratory and expiratory areas of the sRaw-loop separately permits the determination of further parameters of airway dynamics. Therefore, we aimed to define the discriminating diagnostic power of the inspiratory and expiratory sWOB (sWOBin, sWOBex), as well as of the inspiratory and expiratory sReff(sReffINand sReffEX), for discriminating different functional phenotypes of chronic obstructive lung diseases.MethodsReference equations were obtained from measurement of different databases, incorporating 194 healthy subjects (35 children and 159 adults), and applied to a collective of 294 patients with chronic lung diseases (16 children with asthma, aged 6–16 years, and 278 adults, aged 17–92 years). For all measurements, the same type of plethysmograph was used (Jaeger Würzburg, Germany).ResultsBy multilinear modelling, reference equations of sWOBin, sWOBex, sReffINand sReffEXwere derived. Apart from anthropometric indices, additional parameters such as tidal volume (VT), the respiratory drive (P0.1), measured by means of a mouth occlusion pressure measurement 100 ms after inspiration and the mean inspiratory flow (VT/TI) were found to be informative. The statistical approach to define reference equations for parameters of airway dynamics reveals the interrelationship between covariants of the actual breathing pattern and the control of breathing.ConclusionsWe discovered that sWOBin, sWOBex, sReffINand sReffEXare new discriminating target parameters, that differentiate much better between chronic obstructive diseases and their subtypes, especially between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma–COPD overlap (ACO), thus strengthening the concept of precision medicine.
Sequential comparison of two intraductal biliary brush cytology devices for suspected malignant biliary strictures
Authors: Nayar Manu , Oppong Kofi W , Maheshwari Pardeep , Johnson Sarah , Esmaily Shiran , Waller Ruth , Leeds John 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundThe diagnostic performance of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography brush cytology for malignant strictures is modest. A novel larger more abrasive brush may have improved diagnostic performance. We compared the utility of the new biliary brush with a conventional brush.MethodsThe new brush was used in 51 consecutive patients (group 1) referred with a biliary stricture and matched to 102 patients who underwent sampling with a conventional brush (group 2). Demographic data, stricture characteristics, sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive values and positive predictive values were analysed and compared with final diagnosis. Analysis was performed using strict criteria (definite for cancer) and relaxed criteria (suspicious for cancer). All patients had a minimum follow-up of 12 months.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in the age and sex distribution between the two groups. Malignancy was diagnosed in 74% in both groups. There was no significant difference in sensitivity between the groups using either strict criteria (sensitivity group 1 47.4% vs group 2 52%, p=0.69) or relaxed criteria (sensitivity group 1 71.1% vs group 2 71.2%, p=1.0).ConclusionsOur data suggest that the novel brush design does not confer improved diagnostic performance in malignant biliary strictures when compared in a robust manner. This highlights the difficulties of intraductal brush sampling and the need to develop newer diagnostic techniques.
Validation of 2D flow MRI for helical and vortical flows
Authors: Mehmood Zia , Assadi Hosamadin , Grafton-Clarke Ciaran , Li Rui , Matthews Gareth , Alabed Samer , Girling Rebekah , Underwood Victoria , Kasmai Bahman , Zhao Xiaodan , Ricci Fabrizio , Zhong Liang , Aung Nay , Petersen Steffen Erhard , Swift Andrew J , Vassiliou Vassilios S , Cavalcante João , Geest Rob J van der , Garg Pankaj 
Published: March 2024

PurposeThe main objective of this study was to develop two-dimensional (2D) phase contrast (PC) methods to quantify the helicity and vorticity of blood flow in the aortic root.MethodsThis proof-of-concept study used four-dimensional (4D) flow cardiovascular MR (4D flow CMR) data of five healthy controls, five patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and five patients with aortic stenosis (AS). A PC through-plane generated by 4D flow data was treated as a 2D PC plane and compared with the original 4D flow. Visual assessment of flow vectors was used to assess helicity and vorticity. We quantified flow displacement (FD), systolic flow reversal ratio (sFRR) and rotational angle (RA) using 2D PC.ResultsFor visual vortex flow presence near the inner curvature of the ascending aortic root on 4D flow CMR, sFRR demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.955, p<0.001. A threshold of >8% for sFRR had a sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 100% for visual vortex presence. In addition, the average late systolic FD, a marker of flow eccentricity, also demonstrated an AUC of 0.909, p<0.001 for visual vortex flow. Manual systolic rotational flow angle change (ΔsRA) demonstrated excellent association with semiautomated ΔsRA (r=0.99, 95% CI 0.9907 to 0.999, p<0.001). In reproducibility testing, average systolic FD (FDsavg) showed a minimal bias at 1.28% with a high intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC=0.92). Similarly, sFRR had a minimal bias of 1.14% with an ICC of 0.96. ΔsRA demonstrated an acceptable bias of 5.72°—and an ICC of 0.99.Conclusion2D PC flow imaging can possibly quantify blood flow helicity (ΔRA) and vorticity (FRR). These imaging biomarkers of flow helicity and vorticity demonstrate high reproducibility for clinical adoption.Trials registration numberNCT05114785.
Application of restorative neurostimulation for chronic mechanical low back pain in an older population with 2-year follow up
Authors: Ardeshiri Ardeshir , Amann Marco , Thomson Simon , Gilligan Christopher J 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionData on the Medicare-aged population show that older patients are major consumers of low back pain (LBP) interventions. An effective approach for patients with mechanical LBP that has been refractory to conservative management is restorative neurostimulation. The efficacy of restorative neurostimulation has been demonstrated in multiple prospective studies, with published follow-up over 4 years, showing a consistent durable effect.MethodsTo further examine the effect of restorative neurostimulation in an older demographic, data from three clinical studies were aggregated: ReActiv8-B prospectively followed 204 patients, ReActiv8-C study prospectively followed 87 patients and ReActiv8-PMCF prospectively followed 42 patients.Two hundred and sixty-one patients were identified with complete 2-year follow-up and divided into cohorts of equal size based of age quartiles.At 2 years from device activation, patients in either cohort were classified by change in disability (Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)) or change in pain score(NRS/VAS) and assessed as proportion of patients per group at each time point. Additionally, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (EQ5D-5L) was longitudinally compared with baseline. Differences in proportions were assessed using χ2and continuous variables by repeated measures analysis of variance.ResultsThe oldest quartile (n=65) had a median age of 60 (56–82) years compared with the entire population (n=261) who had a median age of 49 (22–82) years. The completer analysis on patients with 2 years of continuous data showed improvement of a 50% in pain was achieved by 62% and 65% and a 15-point ODI improvement in 48% and 60% in the oldest quartile and entire population, respectively. HRQoL (EuroQol 5-Dimension) improved from baselines of 0.568 and 0.544 to 0.763 and 0.769 in the oldest quartile and entire population respectively. All age quartiles improved statistically and clinically over baseline.ConclusionsThis aggregate analysis of three independent studies provides insight into the performance of restorative neurostimulation in an older population. Patients derived significant and clinically meaningful benefit in disability, pain and HRQoL. When compared with a similarly indicated cohort of younger patients, there were no statistically or clinically significant differences.
The four-loop $$\beta $$-function from vacuum supergraphs and the NSVZ relation for $${{{\mathcal {N}}}}=1$$ SQED regularized by higher derivatives
Authors: Shirokov I. E. , Shirokova V. Yu. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn $${{{\mathcal {N}}}}=1$$

N
=
1

SQED with $$N_f$$

N
f

flavors regularized by higher derivatives we obtain the four-loop beta function using a method based on calculating vacuum supergraphs. For this purpose we use a special C++ program which obtain contributions to the $$\beta $$
β
-function from supergraphs without external legs in the form of integrals of double total derivatives. After that the result was compared with the three-loop anomalous dimension calculated earlier. We explicitly check the NSVZ relation in this order.
Optimization Research of Bird Detection Algorithm Based on YOLO in Deep Learning Environment
Authors: Chen Xi , Zhang Zhenyu 
Published: March 2024

Recent environmental degradation has led to an unparalleled decline in wild bird habitats, resulting in a worldwide decrease in bird populations. To prevent extinction, it is vital to implement protective measures. One effective solution could be the application of deep learning techniques to identify bird species and habitats, which would prove useful for bird enthusiasts and rescuers. Therefore, a dataset of 20 globally prized bird species has been collated and analyzed. The Bird-YOLO algorithm precisely identifies avian creatures by combining neural architecture search and knowledge distillation. To diminish noise interference, preprocessing of images and dimension clustering of prior boxes are carried out prior to the training. The experiments show that the Bird-YOLO algorithm attains an 88.23% bird recognition rate, with a frames per second (FPS) of 47.