bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fostering computational thinking with simulated 3D robots in secondary education
Authors: Martín Luis Castro‐San , Hijón‐Neira Raquel , Pizarro Celeste , Cañas José M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractComputational Thinking (CT) can be defined as the thought processes involved in formulating problems so that their solutions can be represented as sequential steps and algorithms. It is a key skill for children in the 21st century. However, it is unclear how CT can be developed most effectively in children. Several pedagogical methodologies have been proposed and are being investigated. The main aim of this paper is to test the hypothesis which states that using three‐dimensional (3D) simulated robots helps in the learning of programming and CT concepts, such as directions, loops, conditionals, and functions. The research questions are: Does this hypothesis hold true? Are some concepts easier or better learned than others and to what extent? The goal is to measure and evaluate the effect of using as a learning tool a platform with 3D simulated robots and realistic physics, and compare it with the standard Scratch learning tool which does not use robotics but a two‐dimensional (2D) cartoon avatar they are already familiar with. For practical reasons, a quasiexperimental design with nonequivalent groups and 85 second‐year Secondary Education students (ages 12–13) was performed. They were separated into control and experimental groups and followed a seven‐session intervention with the baseline 2D Scratch and the 3D simulated robots platform, respectively. Both used a visual block programming language and the same activities. To have quantitative and reliable results, a widely accepted CT test has been used, pre‐ and postintervention. Also qualitative feedback is presented. The obtained results show that using the platform with simulated 3D robots significantly helps when developing students' CT. With it, the students do learn basic programming concepts and reach higher scores in the CT test. This improvement applies to all CT‐analyzed concepts except in functions where the grades are maintained. Furthermore, students manage to master the activities on the 3D simulated robots platform, which reflects on the empowerment the platform has got in them.
Improvement of histone deacetylase inhibitor efficacy by SN38 through TWIST1 suppression in synovial sarcoma
Authors: Sasagawa Satoru , Kumai Jun , Wakamatsu Toru , Yui Yoshihiro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundSynovial sarcoma (SS) is an SS18‐SSX fusion gene‐driven soft tissue sarcoma with mesenchymal characteristics, associated with a poor prognosis due to frequent metastasis to a distant organ, such as the lung. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (HDACis) are arising as potent molecular targeted drugs, as HDACi treatment disrupts the SS oncoprotein complex, which includes HDACs, in addition to general HDACi effects. To provide further molecular evidence for the advantages of HDACi treatment and its limitations due to drug resistance induced by the microenvironment in SS cells, we examined cellular responses to HDACi treatment in combination with two‐dimensional (2D) and 3D culture conditions.MethodsUsing several SS cell lines, biochemical and cell biological assays were performed with romidepsin, an HDAC1/2 selective inhibitor. SN38 was concomitantly used as an ameliorant drug with romidepsin treatment. Cytostasis, apoptosis induction, and MHC class I polypeptide‐related sequence A/B (MICA/B) induction were monitored to evaluate the drug efficacy. In addition to the conventional 2D culture condition, spheroid culture was adopted to evaluate the influence of cell‐mass microenvironment on chemoresistance.ResultsBy monitoring the cellular behavior with romidepsin and/or SN38 in SS cells, we observed that responsiveness is diverse in each cell line. In the apoptotic inducible cells, co‐treatment with SN38 enhanced cell death. In nonapoptotic inducible cells, cytostasis and MICA/B induction were observed, and SN38 improved MICA/B induction further. As a novel efficacy of SN38, we revealed TWIST1 suppression in SS cells. In the spheroid (3D) condition, romidepsin efficacy was severely restricted in TWIST1‐positive cells. We demonstrated that TWIST1 downregulation restored romidepsin efficacy even in spheroid form, and concomitant SN38 treatment along with romidepsin reproduced the reaction.ConclusionsThe current study demonstrated the benefits and concerns of using HDACi for SS treatment in 2D and 3D culture conditions and provided molecular evidence that concomitant treatment with SN38 can overcome drug resistance to HDACi by suppressing TWIST1 expression.
Cancer treatment with biosimilar drugs: A review
Authors: Malakar Shilpa , Gontor Emmanuel Nuah , Dugbaye Moses Y. , Shah Kamal , Sinha Sakshi , Sutaoney Priya , Chauhan Nagendra Singh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBiosimilars are biological drugs created from living organisms or that contain living components. They share an identical amino‐acid sequence and immunogenicity. These drugs are considered to be cost‐effective and are utilized in the treatment of cancer and other endocrine disorders. The primary aim of biosimilars is to predict biosimilarity, efficacy, and treatment costs; they are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and have no clinical implications. They involve analytical studies to understand the similarities and dissimilarities. A biosimilar manufacturer sets up FDA‐approved reference products to evaluate biosimilarity. The contribution of next‐generation sequencing is evolving to study the organ tumor and its progression with its impactful therapeutic approach on cancer patients to showcase and target rare mutations. The study shall help to understand the future perspectives of biosimilars for use in gastro‐entero‐logic diseases, colorectal cancer, and thyroid cancer. They also help target specific organs with essential mutational categories and drug prototypes in clinical practices with blood and liquid biopsy, cell treatment, gene therapy, recombinant therapeutic proteins, and personalized medications. Biosimilar derivatives such as monoclonal antibodies like trastuzumab and rituximab are common drugs used in cancer therapy. Escherichia coli produces more than six antibodies or antibody‐derived proteins to treat cancer such as filgrastim, epoetin alfa, and so on.
Use of percutaneous mechanical circulatory support for right ventricular failure
Authors: Gupta Kartik , Lemor Alejandro , Alkhatib Ahmad , McBride Patrick , Cowger Jennifer , Grafton Gillian , Alaswad Khaldoon , O'Neill William , Villablanca Pedro , Basir Mir B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundUtilization of right ventricular mechanical circulatory support (RV‐MCS) devices has been limited by a lack of recognition of RV failure as well as a lack of availability and experience with RV‐MCS.AimsWe report a single‐center experience with the use of percutaneous RV‐MCS and report predictors of adverse outcomes.MethodsThis was a single‐center retrospective cohort study. Data from consecutive patients who received RV‐MCS for any indication between June 2015 and January 2022 were included. Data on baseline comorbidities, hemodynamics, and laboratory values were collected. The primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality analyzed as a logistic outcome in a multivariable model. These variables were further ranked by their predictive value.ResultsAmong 58 consecutive patients enrolled, the median age was 66 years, 31% were female and 53% were white. The majority of the patients (48%) were hospitalized for acute on chronic heart failure. The majority of the patients were SCAI SHOCK Stage D (67%) and 34 (64%) patients had MCS placed within 24 h of the onset of shock. Before placement of RV‐MCS, median central venous pressure (CVP) and RV stroke work index were 20 mmHg and 8.9 g m/m2, respectively. Median serum lactate was 3.5 (1.6, 6.2) mmol/L. Impella RP was implanted in 50% and ProtekDuo in the remaining 50%. Left ventricular MCS was concomitantly used in 66% of patients. Twenty‐eight patients (48.3%) died. In these patients, median serum lactate was significantly higher (4.1 [2.3, 13.0] vs. 2.2 [1.4, 4.0]  mmol/L, p = 0.007) and a trend toward higher median CVP (24 [18, 31] vs. 19 [14, 24] mmHg, p = 0.052). In the multivariable logistic model, both serum lactate and CVP before RV‐MCS placement were independent predictors of in‐hospital mortality. Serum lactate had the highest predictive value.ConclusionIn our real‐world cohort, 52% of patients treated with RV‐MCS survived their index hospitalization. Serum lactate at presentation and CVP were the strongest predictors of in‐hospital mortality.
Novel valve‐in‐surgical bioprosthetic transcatheter aortic valve replacement: Undermining iatrogenic coronary obstruction with radiofrequency needle (UNICORN)
Authors: Buchanan Cullen E. , Iskander Mina , Anwaruddin Saif , Mason Peter J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn 86‐year‐old female with history of surgical aortic valve replacement presented with clinical signs of heart failure. Echocardiography revealed a reduction in left ventricular systolic function and severe bioprosthetic aortic valve dysfunction. This is the first reported case of valve‐in‐valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement with concomitant undermining iatrogenic coronary obstruction with radiofrequency needle procedure in a surgical bioprosthetic valve.
Mobile bedside ductus arteriosus closure in severely premature neonates using only echocardiographic guidance
Authors: Georgiev Stanimir , Tanase Daniel , Eicken Andreas , Hörer Jürgen , Zahn Evan , Borgmann Kristina , Renner Dunja , Ewert Peter 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundTranscatheter closure of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants is currently dependent on fluoroscopic guidance and transportation to the catheterization laboratory.AimWe describe a new echocardiographically guided technique to allow our team to move to the bedside at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the referring center for percutaneous treatment of PDA in premature infants.MethodsThis is a single‐center, retrospective, primarily descriptive analysis. Clinical details about the procedure, its outcomes, and complications were collected.ResultsFifty‐eight neonates with a median weight of 1110 g (range 730–2800) and postnatal age of 28 days (range 9–95) underwent percutaneous PDA closure. Five of them were treated in our center with ultrasound guidance only and the other 53 in 18 different neonatology units in 12 towns. The median duration of the procedure was 40 min (range 20–195 min). There were no procedural deaths. There was one residual shunt for 3 weeks, in all other patients the duct closed completely in the first few hours after the intervention. In one patient the procedure had to be interrupted because of a pericardial effusion which had to be drained, the PDA was closed successfully interventionally 5 days later. One device‐related aortic coarctation had to be stented. One embolization and one late migration occurred and required treatment.ConclusionsEchocardiographically guided transcatheter closure of the PDA in prematures was repeatedly possible and allowed that the procedure is performed at the bedside at the NICU with an acceptable rate of complications.
Comparison between the outcomes of transfemoral access and transfemoral access with adjunct upper extremity access in patients undergoing endovascular aortic repair: A pilot systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Goyal Aman , Fatima Laveeza , Mushtaq Fiza , Tariq Muhammad Daoud , Kamran Aemen , Sohail Amir Humza , Chunawala Zainali , Sulaiman Samia Aziz , Shrestha Abhigan Babu , Sheikh Abu Baker , Belur Agastya D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEndovascular aortic repair is an emerging novel intervention for the management of abdominal aortic aneurysms. It is crucial to compare the effectiveness of different access sites, such as transfemoral access (TFA) and upper extremity access (UEA). An electronic literature search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases. The primary endpoint was the incidence of stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA), while the secondary endpoints included technical success, access‐site complications, mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), spinal cord ischemia, among others. Forest plots were constructed for the pooled analysis of data using the random‐effects model in Review Manager, version 5.4. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Our findings in 9403 study participants (6228 in the TFA group and 3175 in the UEA group) indicate that TFA is associated with a lower risk of stroke/TIA [RR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.40–0.75; p = 0.0002], MI [RR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.38–0.69; p < 0.0001], spinal cord ischemia [RR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.32–0.53, p < 0.00001], and shortens fluoroscopy time [SMD: −0.62; 95% CI: −1.00 to −0.24; p = 0.001]. Moreover, TFA required less contrast agent [SMD: −0.33; 95% CI: −0.61 to −0.06; p = 0.02], contributing to its appeal. However, no significant differences emerged in technical success [p = 0.23], 30‐day mortality [p = 0.48], ICU stay duration [p = 0.09], or overall hospital stay length [p = 0.22]. Patients with TFA had a lower risk of stroke, MI, and spinal cord ischemia, shorter fluoroscopy time, and lower use of contrast agents. Future large‐scale randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm and strengthen these findings.
Fumarate hydratase mutation associated uterine leiomyomas: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhu Junyan , Li Shanji , Zhuang Zhiguo , Chen Hao , Chen Chao , Zhu Jie 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageThe patient was found to have multiple uterine myomas at the age of 19, underwent laparoscopic myomectomy at the age of 20, and underwent laparotomic myomectomy again at the age of 23 due to the recurrence of uterine myoma. At the age of 25, the patient reappeared with symptoms and recurrence, and was diagnosed with uterine leiomyomas (ULMs) of FH mutation and high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL/CIN III) with gland involvement, after complete examination. Fumarate hydratase (FH) mutation screening is important when gynecologists encounter patients with early onset and multiple ULMs, it can give early diagnosis and treatment and fertility guidance. The patient had their uterus removed at the age of 26. FH mutation screening is important when gynecologists encounter patients with early onset and multiple ULMs, it can give early diagnosis and treatment and fertility guidance. It is also helpful for early diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma.
Tri‐reforming of Methane over a Hydroxyapatite Supported Nickel Catalyst
Authors: Son Phan Thanh , Pham Minh Doan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFor the first time, a catalyst containing 5 wt. % Ni supported on a hydroxyapatite support (HAP) has been synthesized and evaluated in tri‐reforming of methane (TRM) for synthetic gas (syngas) production. Nickel nanoparticles could be easily formed on HAP surface by using the conventional incipient wetness impregnation technique. In TRM, under unfavorable reaction conditions from the thermodynamic point of view (e. g. medium reforming temperature of 700–800 °C, low steam‐to‐carbon ratio, etc.), this catalyst showed high methane conversion (up to 90 %), however, some deactivations took place. The latter could be explained by both the thermal sintering of nickel nanoparticles and the solid carbon formation. The impact of the main operational parameters has been studied. Increasing the reaction temperature, the molar ratios of oxygen‐to‐carbon and steam‐to‐carbon are favorable for the methane conversion and mostly for the stability of the catalyst. High methane conversion of ca. 90 % with a perfect catalytic stability during 300 hours‐on‐stream could be achieved at 800 °C and 1.4 bar, using a mixture containing low ratio of oxidant‐to‐carbon (molar ratio of CH4/CO2/H2O/O2/N2=1.0/0.67/0.9/0.1/0). These results offer the opportunity to further design an optimal Ni/HAP catalyst by improving metal‐support interaction and downsizing nickel nanoparticles.
Molecular Electrocatalysis under Finite Diffusive Mass Transport Conditions. An Analytical Approach
Authors: Martinez‐Garcia Antonio J. , Hernandez‐Tovar Jose Victor , Gonzalez Joaquin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMolecular electrocatalysis has emerged as a crucial branch of molecular electrochemistry, finding applications across various fields such as energy generation, electroanalysis, and electrosynthesis. In recent years, the study of these processes within confined spatial domains, has been increasingly frequent. However, a significant gap exists in the theoretical understanding of the interplay between different kinetics (redox and chemical) and mass transport under these conditions, and how their combined effects influence the electrochemical response. As a first step to address the aforementioned gap, this manuscript presents a theoretical expression for the current‐potential‐time response of a catalytic reaction occurring under finite diffusive conditions. The results indicate that, when the chemical kinetics is not fast, there are significant differences in electrochemical responses due to mass transport influences. Thus, in the case of bounded finite diffusion, a loss of efficiency in the process is observed, resulting in lower currents compared to those corresponding to semi‐infinite diffusive conditions. The validity of well‐known methods, such as the analysis of the current plateau or the foot of the wave under stationary conditions, is discussed. Experimental validation of these results is also provided through the study of the oxidation of Solketal mediated by the oxidation of TEMPO radical.
Uniformly Distributed Palladium Nanoparticles on NH2‐MIL‐53 Fabricated by an Equilibrium Adsorption Method for Reduction of Nitrite in Water
Authors: Huang Yuan , Kim Wontae , Otomo Ryoichi , Shimoda Shuhei , Wu Kevin C.‐W. , Kamiya Yuichi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMetal particle on a support material should be small and homogeneous in size, which is desirable when using it as a catalyst. In this study, we investigated to introduce Pd nanoparticles (NPs) with narrow size distribution into NH2‐MIL‐53, which was prepared by the reaction of aluminum(III) nitrate with 2‐aminoterephthalic acid. Only by immersing it in an aqueous PdCl2 solution, followed by the reduction with NaBH4, Pd NPs of about 2 nm with unform distribution were formed in NH2‐MIL‐53 up to 3.5 wt.% Pd loadings. Amino group on the linkers in NH2‐MIL‐53 played a critical role for the introduction of (PdCl3)− as a precursor for Pd NPs, while no Pd was introduced into MIL‐53 without amino group. The obtained catalysts (Pd@NH2‐MIL‐53) showed high catalytic performance for reduction of nitrite in water. The specific activity per Pd site exposed on the surface changed greatly depending on the Pd loadings despite the size of Pd NPs unchanged. Pd@NH2‐MIL‐53 with low Pd loadings showed higher specific activity (TOF=2.9×102 h−1), which might be due to the preferential exposure of Pd(111) facet on Pd NPs.
Chiral Biocatalytic Oxidations at 90 °C in Microemulsions Driven by Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction to Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Hena John Y. , Kankanamage Rumasha N. T. , Wei Zichao , He Jie , Rusling James F. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChirality plays a significant role in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. The use of chemical catalysts to control stereoselectivity relies on the use of chiral catalysts with labor–intensive synthesis and purification. Natural enzymes offer inherent stereoselectivity, making them attractive catalysts for this purpose. We report here chiral biocatalytic oxidations in microemulsions driven by horseradish peroxidase coupled with a synthetic Cu2+‐polymer catalyst. This hybrid system features crosslinked layer–by–layer (LBL) films composed of polyions with Cu2+‐containing pyrene–labelled poly(2‐hydroxy‐3‐dipicolylamino) propyl methacrylate (Py−PGMADPA) to drive oxygen reduction to form hydrogen peroxide. Peroxide in turn activates horseradish peroxidase (HRP) crosslinked in LbL films on magnetic particle beads to biocatalytically oxidize styrene, ethylbenzene, and methyl phenylacetate to chiral products. R‐stereoisomers of these reactants were selectively formed with a high enantiomeric excess of ≥80 % at 90 °C. The enzyme films show high thermal stability at 90 °C in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide microemulsion. Reactions at 90 °C were essentially complete in 2 hr. This hybrid approach opens a door to new designs of biocatalytic syntheses using a separate electrocatalyst for enzyme activation.
On‐Surface Synthesis of Helicene Oligomers
Authors: Pinar Solé Andrés , Klívar Jiří , Šámal Michal , Stará Irena G. , Starý Ivo , Mendieta‐Moreno Jesús I. , Ernst Karl‐Heinz , Jelínek Pavel , Stetsovych Oleksandr 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe report on‐surface synthesis of heterochiral 1D heptahelicene oligomers after deposition of a racemic heptahelicene monomer on an Au(111) surface followed by Ullmann coupling under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. Structure, chirality and mode of adsorption of the resulting dimers to octamers are inferred from the scanning probe microscopy and theoretical calculations.
Cloud menu: Cloud based network analysis for disease‐diet associations and recommendations
Authors: Toor Rashmeet , Chana Inderveer 
Published: April 2024

SummaryFood is one of the most underrated entities with respect to diseases. Food or Diet plays a vital role in healing or recovery of a patient which brings forth the need of analyzing disease and diets associations. The study of such associations is crucial for recommending appropriate diets to patients but is an arduous task due to the complex interdependencies as is evident in literature. Thus, it becomes necessary to automate the analysis and make it available as a service. The main aim of this work is to efficiently collate and analyze disease‐diet associations and provide it as an accessible and adaptable service using a combination of advanced techniques. Complex disease‐diet interdependencies are curated from the literature and transformed into a network offering various parameters for further analysis. The analysis is done using machine learning algorithms to predict accurate and robust recommendations. Cloud computing aids this analysis by providing sufficient resources and making it more accessible. Thus, the recommendations are constructed using amalgamation of techniques including network analysis, machine learning, and cloud computing. The deduced associations from the analysis of medical data using these technologies would aid doctors and healthcare institutions in decision making thereby improving the prognosis of a disease.