bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Substituted Benzoxacycles via a Domino ortho‐Alkylation/Heck Coupling Sequence.
Authors: Martins Andrew , Marquardt Udo , Kasravi Neema , Alberico Dino , Lautens Mark 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Vanadium(III) Chloride as an Effective Catalyst for the Pechmann Reaction.
Authors: Kumar B. Sunil , Kumar P. S. , Srinivasulu N. , Rajitha B. , Reddy Y. Thirupathi , Reddy P. Narsimha , Udupi R. H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of the Thioamide Derivatives of Methyl Vinyl Ketone and Their Cyclization to 2,3‐Dihydro‐4H‐thiopyran‐4‐ones.
Authors: Gros L. , Westerlich S. , Wesolowska A. , Jagodzinski T. S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
4‐Hydroxyquinolones‐2. Part 91. Synthesis and Properties of Ethyl 1‐Substituted‐ 4‐hydroxy‐6‐methyl‐2‐oxo‐dihydropyridine‐5‐carboxylates.
Authors: Ukrainets I. V. , Sidorenko L. V. , Gorokhova O. V. , Shiskhin O. V. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantioselectivity and Diastereoselectivity in Reductive Radical Cyclization Reaction of 3‐(ω‐Iodoalkylidene)‐piperidin‐2‐ones.
Authors: Dressel Martina , Aechtner Tobias , Bach Thorsten 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ceric Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) Catalyzes the One‐Pot Synthesis of Polyhydroquinoline via the Hantzsch Reaction.
Authors: Ko Shengkai , Yao Ching‐Fa 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Discovery of Protein—Protein Binding Disruptors Using Multi‐Component Condensations Small Molecules.
Authors: Bedjeguelal Karim , Bienayme Hugues , Dumoulin Antoine , Poigny Stephane , Schmitt Philippe , Tam Eric 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Novel 5‐Piperidyl‐substituted 7‐Hydroxy‐3H‐1,2,3‐triazolo[4,5‐d]pyrimidines.
Authors: Kuleshov K. V. , Borovkov K. Yu. , Rodin O. G. , Perevalov V. P. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel Reactions to Form an Si—O—Ge Group.
Authors: Ignatovich L. , Muravenko V. , Grinberga S. , Lukevics E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Structure Elucidation of Two New Diterpenoids from Isodon Phyllostachys: Phyllostacins A (I) and B (II).
Authors: Li Xian , Xiao Wei‐Lie , Huang Sheng‐Xiong , Weng Zhi‐Ying , Shen Yun‐Heng , Han Quan‐Bin , Sun Han‐Dong 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Total Synthesis of Prolycopene, a Novel 7,9,7′,9′‐Tetra‐cis(Z) Carotenoid and Main Pigment of the Tangerine Tomato Lycopersicon esculentum.
Authors: Pattenden Gerald , Robson David C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Flow Process for the Multi‐Step Synthesis of the Alkaloid Natural Product Oxomaritidine: A New Paradigm for Molecular Assembly.
Authors: Baxendale Ian R. , Deeley Jon , Griffiths‐Jones Charlotte M. , Ley Steven V. , Saaby Steen , Tranmer Geoffrey K. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Total and Formal Enantioselective Synthesis of Lyngbic Acid and Hermitamides A and B
Authors: Virolleaud Marie‐Alice , Menant Christine , Fenet Bernard , Piva Olivier 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
N‐Acylated Sulfonamide Sodium Salt: A Prodrug of Choice for the Bifunctional 2‐Hydroxymethyl‐4‐(5‐phenyl‐3‐trifluoromethyl‐pyrazol‐1‐yl) Benzenesulfonamide Class of COX‐2 Inhibitors.
Authors: Singh Sunil Kumar , Vobbalareddy Saibaba , Kalleda Srinivasa Rao , Casturi Seshagiri Rao , Mullangi Ramesh , Ramanujam Rajagopalan , Yeleswarapu Koteswar Rao , Iqbal Javed 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Fluorous Solvents
Authors: Ryu Ilhyong , Matsubara Hiroshi , Emnet Charlotte , Gladysz John A. , Takeuchi Seiji , Nakamura Yutaka , Curran Dennis P. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Significant impact of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma on patients' quality of life
Authors: Demierre Marie‐France , Gan Stephanie , Jones Judy , Miller Donald R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBACKGROUND.Cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) can have a profound impact on a patient's health‐related quality of life; however, little is known about its actual impact. The authors evaluated patients' perspectives on the impact of CTCL on physical functioning, lifestyle, emotional well being, and satisfaction with treatment.METHODS.A 4‐page, self‐administered questionnaire was mailed and made available online in March 2005 to the entire United States membership of the Mycosis Fungoides Foundation (n = 930 members). Outcome measures were patients' perspectives on the psychosocial impact of CTCL and the management of their disease.RESULTS.The response rate was 68%, and 93.6% of respondents were white. The majority of respondents had mycosis fungoides (89%). Respondents were bothered by skin redness (94%) and by the extent of symptoms that affected their choice of clothing (63%). For most patients, the disease had a functional impact, rendering them tired or affecting their sleep. Health distress was reported by almost all respondents, with 94% reporting that they worried about the seriousness of their disease and 80% worrying about dying from the disease. Sixty‐two percent of respondents reported that their disease made them feel unattractive, 85% reported that their treatment made their disease seem more manageable, but 61% reported that they felt burdened financially by their disease.CONCLUSIONS.The high response rate and patients' responses to the survey provided compelling evidence that patients believed CTCL had a profound and severe impact on their functioning, emotional, and social well being. A striking health distress was prevalent in almost all respondents. Although the majority of patients reported that treatments made their disease more manageable, a significant proportion reported that they felt burdened financially by their disease. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Degeneration and regeneration of ultraviolet cone photoreceptors during development in rainbow trout
Authors: Allison W. Ted , Dann Stephen G. , Veldhoen Kathy M. , Hawryshyn Craig W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractUltraviolet‐sensitive (UVS) cones disappear from the retina of salmonid fishes during a metamorphosis that prepares them for deeper/marine waters. UVS cones subsequently reappear in the retina near sexual maturation and the return migration to natal streams. Cellular mechanisms of this UVS cone ontogeny were investigated using electroretinograms, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry against opsins during and after thyroid hormone (TH) treatments of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Increasing TH levels led to UVS cone degeneration. Labeling demonstrated that UVS cone degeneration occurs via programmed cell death and caspase inhibitors can inhibit this death. After the cessation of TH treatment, UVS cones regenerated in the retina. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was applied after the termination of TH treatment and was detected in the nuclei of cells expressing UVS opsin. BrdU was found in UVS cones but not other cone types. The most parsimonious explanation for the data is that UVS cones degenerated and UVS cones were regenerated from intrinsic retinal progenitor cells. Regenerating UVS cones were functionally integrated such that they were able to elicit electrical responses from second‐order neurons. This is the first report of cones regenerating during natural development. Both the death and regeneration of cones in retinae represent novel mechanisms for tuning visual systems to new visual tasks or environments. J. Comp. Neurol. 499:702–715, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Jet‐Assisted Aerosol CVD for Multicomponent Particle Deposition
Authors: Hong C. , Kim D. S. , Choi M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAerosol CVD has been extensively utilized to manufacture high‐quality optical fibers in which multicomponent aerosols are generated and deposited. Our earlier study proposed a jet‐assisted aerosol CVD in which high‐temperature internal jets were used inside a conventional silica tube reactor of a modified (M)CVD method, and showed the enhancement of deposition performance for single component SiO2 particle deposition. In the present study, we apply this method to the deposition of multicomponent particles and demonstrate that our method of jet‐assisted aerosol CVD not only significantly improves overall particle deposition efficiency, but also enhances the uniformity of composition of multicomponent SiO2/GeO2 particle deposition. The existence of an optimum jet flow rate for the maximum deposition efficiency has been found. A nitrogen jet has also been used and found to produce almost the same improvement for particle deposition performance as in the case of a helium gas jet.
Crystal Growth of ZnS Films by a Charged Aerosol‐Assisted Vapor Deposition Process
Authors: Hou X. , Choy K.‐L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractZinc sulfide (ZnS) films have promising applications in optoelectronic devices. The crystal structures and textures of ZnS films depend on the fabrication method and their processing conditions. This paper reports the crystal growth of hexagonal ZnS films deposited using a charged, aerosol‐assisted, vapor deposition method. The effects of the charge of precursor droplets on the crystallinity, composition, morphology, and optical bandgap of ZnS films have been established. The crystallographic and morphological results reveal that appropriate droplets charge density can enhance the crystallinity and preferred growth orientation of the hexagonal ZnS structure. The possible deposition mechanism is also discussed.
An instrument for sorting of magnetic microparticles in a magnetic field gradient
Authors: Espy Michelle A. , Sandin Henrik , Carr Chris , Hanson Christina J. , Ward Michael D. , Kraus Robert H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBackground:The goal of our bioassay technique is to demonstrate high throughput, highly parallel, and high sensitivity quantitative molecular analysis that will expand current biomedical research capabilities. To this end, we have built and characterized a magnetophoresis instrument using a flow chamber in a magnetic field gradient to sort magnetic microparticles by their magnetic moment for eventual use as biological labels.Methods:The flow chamber consists of a sample inlet, differential sheath streams, and eight outlets for collecting the microparticles after they have traversed the chamber. Magnetic microparticles are injected into the flow chamber that is positioned in a linear magnetic field gradient. The trajectory for each microparticle is determined by its total magnetic moment and size. The resulting populations of monodispersed magnetic microparticles in the different outlet bins are sorted by their magnetic moment; with the highest magnetic moments being deflected the furthest.Results:We have characterized the system for sorting both superparamagnetic and ferromagnetic microparticles with approximate diameters of 8 μm and 4.0–4.9 μm, respectively. To characterize the instrument, we used microparticles with a known size distribution and varied the transit time through the chamber. This is equivalent to varying the magnetic moment, while allowing us to hold the particle properties constant from run‐to‐run. We demonstrated the ability to reproducibly change the distribution of the particles in the collection bins by varying transit time in good agreement with theory. We identified hydrodynamic instabilities responsible for causing dispersion in the flow. Improvements to the flow chamber hydrodynamics such as reducing the aspect ratio between the sample inlet and the chamber depth and stabilizing the sheath flow resulted in narrow sorting distributions. We measured a sorting reproducibility (percentage of particles returning to their original bin upon resorting individual populations) of 84–89%.Conclusions:We have developed a simple magnetophoresis system for reproducibly sorting magnetic microparticles. This technique will permit the use of microparticles with a wide range of magnetic moments to create a wide range of magnetic labels. Careful consideration of system design and operational parameters enables reliable and reproducible sorting of microparticles with varying size and magnetic content. © 2006 International Society for Analytical Cytology
Comparative analysis of ZAP‐70 expression and Ig VH mutational status in B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Muñoz Luz , Lasa Adriana , Carricondo Maria T. , Hernández Carmen , Ubeda Josep , Nomdedéu Josep F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBackground:B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a heterogeneous disorder with respect to its clinical course. Accurate identification of prognostic factors is becoming increasingly important in order to determine those patients requiring aggressive treatments. Two of the most predictive outcome markers are the Ig VH mutational gene status and ZAP‐70 expression. In earlier reports, both parameters have shown a high degree of concordance. To assess the value of these determinations in clinical practice, we simultaneously analyzed Ig VH mutations and ZAP‐70 expression in a consecutive series of B‐CLL.Methods:Fifty‐three consecutive B‐CLL cases were included in the study. ZAP‐70 expression was investigated by flow cytometry. Positivity was established using two methods: comparing ZAP70 expression in B‐cells with T‐cells using cytoplasmic CD3 (ZAP‐70/T) and with NK‐cell reactivity (ZAP‐70/NK). The complete immunophenotype was recorded in each case. Ig VH mutational gene status was determined employing purified RNA from peripheral blood samples. Retrotranscribed DNA was PCR‐amplified, direct‐sequenced, and compared with available public databases. VH3.21 family use was also recorded.Results:Using a T‐cell marker, 58% of patients were ZAP‐70+ and 42% were ZAP‐70−. NK‐cell comparisons gave only 6% of ZAP‐70 positivity in B‐CLL, and in six cases the absence of a clearly defined NK‐cell population precluded the ZAP70 analysis. Twenty‐four (45%) patients had mutated Ig VH genes and 29 (55%) had unmutated Ig VH genes. The results showed a statistical association between ZAP‐70/T expression and VH mutational status. Despite this, in 30% of cases there was a discordant result.Immunophenotypic analysis showed no major differences in Matutes'score between mutated and nonmutated cases. Only FMC7 was more commonly expressed in the unmutated B‐CLL cases. VH3.21 was present in 7.5% of cases, mostly having an unmutated pattern.Conclusions:ZAP‐70 reactivity using a T‐cell marker as a control allows to identify the majority of patients with an unmutated Ig VH genotype. Parallel analysis revealed that discordances with Ig VH analysis are quite common with currently employed flow cytometry reagents and techniques. © 2006 International Society for Analytical Cytology
EU‐Forschungsprojekt ESECMaSE – Teilprojekt Optimierung von Hochlochziegeln für Aussteifungswände
Authors: Meyer Udo , Roßbach Michael , Schermer Detleff 
Published: October 2006

AbstractUnbewehrtes Ziegelmauerwerk hat sich in den letzten Jahrhunderten als geeigneter Baustoff in den mitteleuropäischen Erdbebenzonen bewährt. Erhöhte Anforderungen aus den Lastnormen waren der Anlaß für umfangreiche Untersuchungen zur Schubtragfähigkeit von Mauerwerk. Die Optimierung von Produkteigenschaften von Hochlochziegeln für schubbeanspruchtes Mauerwerk war dabei einer von mehreren Untersuchungsansätzen. Der Optimierungsprozeß wurde in dem von der Europäischen Kommission geförderten Forschungsprojekt ESECMaSE (Enhanced safety and efficient construction of masonry structures in Europe) durchgeführt. Dabei wurden sowohl Untersuchungen zur Optimierung der Materialzusammensetzung als auch eine Optimierung des Lochbildes vorgenommen. Als Optimierungsergebnis wurden Prototypen hergestellt und in statisch zyklischen Schubversuchen untersucht. Die wichtigsten Materialeigenschaften, insbesondere die Längsdruck‐ und Längszugfestigkeit wurden erheblich verbessert. Erste Ergebnisse von Schubversuchen zeigen jedoch, daß die Bedeutung der Längsdruckfestigkeit bei anisotropen Baustoffen wie Hochlochziegeln bisher deutlich überschätzt wird.
Crystal Structures of Conformationally Locked Cyclitols: An Analysis of Hydrogen‐Bonded Architectures and their Implications in Crystal Engineering
Authors: Mehta Goverdhan , Sen Saikat , Ramesh Senaiar S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA qualitative study has been carried out on selected polycyclitols to evaluate the potential of conformational locking of hydroxy groups in lending predictability to the O–H···O hydrogen‐bonding network observed in the crystal structures of such compounds. The polycyclitols employed in this study are conformationally locked with all the hydroxy groups destined to be axial owing to the trans ring fusion(s) in the polycyclic carbon framework. The consequent formation of intramolecular O–H···O hydrogen bonds between the 1,3‐syn diaxial hydroxy groups now permits any packing pattern in the polycyclitols to be described in terms of a small group of intramolecularly bonded molecular motifs linked to their respective neighbors by four O–H···O bonds. By using this model and the results of CSD analyses of polyols as a guide, the O–H···O hydrogen‐bonded packing motifs most likely to be observed in the crystal structure of each polycyclitol were proposed and compared with those obtained experimentally. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Collaborative care between professionals and non‐professionals in the management of eating disorders: a description of workshops focussed on interpersonal maintaining factors
Authors: Treasure J. , Sepulveda A. R. , Whitaker W. , Todd G. , Lopez C. , Whitney J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to describe the content and processes involved in a series of workshops for carers of people with an eating disorder. These workshops were designed to equip carers with the skills and knowledge needed to be a ‘coach’ and help the person with an eating disorder break free from the traps that block recovery. The first hurdle is to overcome the unhelpful patterns of interpersonal processes between the person with an eating disorder and their carers. In both naturalistic studies and randomised controlled trials (RCT), family factors have been implicated either as moderators or mediators of outcome. High levels of expressed emotion (EE), misattributions about the illness or unhelpful methods of engaging with the eating disorder symptoms contribute to this effect. These workshops aim to reduce EE such as over protection. Carers are introduced to the transtheoretical model of change and the principles of motivational interviewing so that they can help rather than hinder change. They learn how to use reflective listening to reduce confrontation and how to sidestep resistance. Carers learn what is needed to help their daughter change by reflecting on the processes involved in changing their own behaviours in relationship with the person with eating disorders. Once they recognise that they may need to change then they can use their skills, information and insight to help change eating disorder symptoms. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Na+–H+ exchanger regulatory factor 1 is a PDZ scaffold for the astroglial glutamate transporter GLAST
Authors: Lee Aven , Rayfield Andrew , Hryciw Deanne H. , Ma Theingi Aung , Wang Dongsheng , Pow David , Broer Stefan , Yun Chris , Poronnik Philip 
Published: October 2006

AbstractGlutamate is a key neurotransmitter and its levels in the synaptic cleft are tightly regulated by reuptake mechanisms that primarily involve transporters in astrocytes. This requires that the glutamate transporters be spatially constrained to effect maximum glutamate transport. GLAST (EAAT1) is the predominant astroglial transporter and contains a class I PDZ‐binding consensus (ETKM) in its C‐terminus. The epithelial Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factors NHERF1 and NHERF2 are PDZ proteins that contain two tandem PDZ domains and a C‐terminal domain that binds members of the ERM (ezrin–radixin–moesin) family of membrane‐cytoskeletal adaptors. NHERF proteins have been extensively characterized in renal epithelia and their expression in brain has recently been reported; however, their function in the brain remains unknown. The aims of the current study were to (1) determine the distribution of NHERF1/2 in the rodent brain and (2) investigate whether GLAST was a physiological ligand for NHERF1/2. Immunohistochemistry revealed that NHERF1 expression was widespread in rat brain (abundant in cerebellum, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus) and primarily restricted to astrocytes whereas NHERF2 expression was primarily restricted to endothelial cells of blood vessels and capillaries. Importantly, NHERF1 distribution closely matched that of GLAST and confocal imaging demonstrated co‐localization of the two proteins. Co‐immunoprecipitation demonstrated that GLAST, NHERF1, and ezrin associate in vivo. In vitro binding assays showed that GLAST bound directly to the PDZ1 domain of NHERF1 via the C‐terminal ETKM motif of GLAST. These findings implicate the GLAST–NHERF1 complex in the regulation of glutamate homeostasis in astrocytes. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.