bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Our perception may not be reality: A longitudinal study of the relationship between perceived and actual change in smoking behavior
Authors: Andersen Astrid Juhl , Wallez Solène , Melchior Maria , Mary-Krause Murielle 
Published: April 2024

Introduction
Results of the impact of lockdowns and stay-at-home orders during the COVID-19 pandemic on changes in cigarette smoking are mixed. Previous studies examining smoking changes during the early stages of the pandemic in 2020 have mainly focused on smoker’s perception of changes in cigarette consumption. Such measure has not been widely used in other contexts, and therefore we aim to compare the discrepancy between smokers’ perceived changes in cigarette smoking and the actual change in the number of cigarettes smoked, using repeated measurements.

Methods
We included 134 smokers from the French TEMPO cohort with repeated measurements of their perceived changes in smoking habits during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic and the number of cigarettes smoked repeatedly from March to May 2020. We used generalized estimation equations (GEE) to examine the association between changes in the number of cigarettes smoked and the odds of mismatched answers.

Results
The results suggest that at each study wave, 27–45% of participants provided mismatching answers between their perceived change in smoking habits and the actual change in the number of cigarettes smoked daily, measured repeatedly. Results from GEE analysis demonstrated that a mismatching assessment of smoking behavior was elevated among those who had an increase (OR = 2.52 [1.37;4.65]) or a decrease (OR = 5.73 [3.27;10.03]) in number of cigarettes smoked.

Discussion
Our findings highlight the possibility of obtaining different results depending on how changes in tobacco smoking are measured. This highlights the risk of underestimating the actual changes in cigarette smoking during the COVID-19 pandemic, but also more generally when validating public health interventions or smoking cessation programs. Therefore, objective measures such as the actual consumption of psychoactive substances should be utilized, preferably on a longitudinal basis, to mitigate recall bias.
Venous thromboembolism in complicated cervical spine injury
Authors: Lebedeva M. N. , Vitkovskaya I. V. , Ivanova E. Yu. , Lukinov V. L. , Rerikh V. V. 
Published: April 2024

Objective. To determine incidence rate and risk factors for the development of venous thromboembolism in complicated cervical spine injury.Material and Methods. The study included 34 patients with acute complicated cervical spine injury. Inclusion criteria were newly diagnosed venous thromboembolic complications, and application of low-frequency piezothromboelastography to study the hemostasis system. All patients received standard drug thromboprophylaxis. Patients were divided into two study groups: Group I included 21 patientswith venous thromboembolic complications, and Group II – 13 patients without thromboembolic complications.Results. The incidence of venous thromboembolism in the total sample was 61.8 %. Pulmonary artery embolism developed in 4.7 % of cases. In 91,0 % of cases, thrombosis was asymptomatic. The state of the hemostatic system in Group I before the start of thromboprophylaxis was characterized by chronometric hypocoagulation, and structural hypercoagulation with a 2.6-fold increase in the intensity of clot retraction and lysis. In Group II, there was chronometric and structural hypercoagulation with a 14.4-fold increase in the intensity of clot retraction and lysis. The main significant predictors of the development of venous thromboembolism were identified as intestinal paresis (p = 0.004), absence of changes in neurological status (p = 0.012), length of stay in the ICU (p = 0.025), and length of hospitalstay (p = 0.039). The building of a multivariate logistic regression model revealed multiplicative significant predictors of the development of thromboembolism. It has been shown that the presence of intestinal paresis is associated with a 25.07-fold increase in the chances of developing DVT of lower extremities.Conclusion. Considering the high incidence of venous thromboembolic complications in patients with complicated cervical spine injury, further research is required to study the effectiveness and safety of correction of drug thromboprophylaxis regimens in the form of increasing doses of anticoagulants or the frequency of their administration.
Approaching sustainability in Laboratory Medicine
Authors: Thakur Anjali , Mukhopadhyay Tapasyapreeti , Ahirwar Ashok Kumar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Clinical laboratories and the total testing process are major consumers of energy, water, and hazardous chemicals, and produce significant amounts of biomedical waste. Since the processes in the clinical laboratory and the total testing process go hand in hand it mandates a holistic, and comprehensive approach towards sustainability.

Content
This review article identifies the various sources and activities in Laboratory Medicine that challenge sustainability and also discusses the various approaches that can be implemented to achieve sustainability in laboratory operations to reduce the negative impact on the environment.

Summary
The article highlights how the integration of technological advancements, efficient resource management, staff training and sensitization, protocol development towards sustainability, and other environmental considerations contributes significantly to a sustainable healthcare ecosystem.

Outlook
Variables and resources that negatively impact the environment must be identified and addressed comprehensively to attain a long-lasting level of carbon neutrality.
Verification of bile acid determination method and establishing reference intervals for biochemical and haematological parameters in third-trimester pregnant women
Authors: Zorić Lara , Štritof Petra Glad , Čičak Helena , Zekan Paulo , Pavasović Maria Gotić , Blagaić Vladimir , Čoklo Miran , Šimundić Ana-Maria , Dukić Lora 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The aims of this study were to verify the bile acids (BA) method and to establish reference intervals (RIs) for bile acids (BA) and biochemical and haematological parameters in Croatian pregnant women.

Methods
BA spectrophotometric method verification was performed on Siemens Atellica Solution CH 930 automated analyser using Sentinel reagent. Stability, precision, trueness, linearity, and RIs, as well as lipemia interference were tested according to CLSI guidelines. BA, biochemical, and haematological parameters were measured in serum (BA, biochemical) and whole blood (haematological) samples of fasting healthy third-trimester pregnant women from Croatia (n=121). The establishment of the RIs was done a priori according to the CLSI EP28-A3C:2010 guideline. Selected reference individuals’ data were analysed using parametric, non-parametric, and robust methods.

Results
Stability study showed that BA are stable in serum samples for 2 days at 20 °C, 14 days at 4–8 °C, and 22 days at −20 °C. The precision study and adult RIs verification met the criteria. Linearity was verified for the concentration range of 3.5–172.1 μmol/L whereas the lipemia interference test showed a positive bias (%) in BA concentration. The determined reference limits generally exhibited better precision for haematological parameters, being lower than the upper recommended value 0.2, unlike biochemical parameters. Haematological parameters showed notable differences between pregnant and non-pregnant women, while many biochemical parameters’ RIs remained similar. Only ALT and GGT showed lower non-comparable RI upper limits in the population pregnant women.

Conclusions
Spectrophotometric BA method showed satisfactory performance and all examined parameters were within the set criteria. Moreover, RIs for key biochemical and haematological parameters, including BAs, have been established for the first time in the population of Croatian pregnant women.
An equation for complex fractional diffusion created by the Struve function with a T-symmetric univalent solution
Authors: Ibrahim Rabha W. , Baleanu Dumitru 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A

T

T

-symmetric univalent function is a complex valued function that is conformally mapping the unit disk onto itself and satisfies the symmetry condition

ϕ

[

T

]

(

ζ

)

=

[

ϕ

(

ζ

T

)

]

1
∕
T

{\phi }^{\left[T]}\left(\zeta )={\left[\phi \left({\zeta }^{T})]}^{1/T}

for all

ζ

\zeta

in the unit disk. In other words, it is a complex function that preserves the unit disk’s shape and orientation and is symmetric about the unit circle. They are used in the study of geometric function theory and the theory of univalent functions. In recent effort, we extend the class of fractional anomalous diffusion equations in a symmetric complex domain. we aim to present the analytic univalent solution for such a class using special functions technique. Our analysis and comparative findings are further supported by the geometric simulations for the univalent solution such as the convexity and starlikeness of the diffusion. As a consequence of illustration of a list of conditions yielding the univalent solutions (normalize analytic function in the open unit disk), the normalization of diffusion shape is achieved.
Deepening the Case for Egalitarianism in the International Order: A Comparative Perspective
Authors: Obiora L. Amede 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This essay appraises the commemoration of the 75th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 2023 as a watershed to reflect on the promises and problems of implementing the international human rights agenda. It posits that the time is ripe to accelerate progress on this fundamental global governance technology by reaping historic lessons that are reshaping international relations in the contemporary arena. This is with a view to mitigate complex ambiguities and contradictions which hamstring the mobilization of meaningful solidarity and will power that are necessary for cooperation among states to help evolve a more secure, peaceful, and prosperous world. In this light, the essay articulates the institutionalization of the international human rights regime as approximating a proxy for equality as a core value to strengthen the global common good. Building on this formulation, it proffers inequality as a warning system that is useful to radically rethink conventional pathways that compromise the international security architecture. Zeroing in on Africa as an instructive frame of reference, the essay explores how unfolding opportunities for urgent multilateral action might nurture innovative solutions to wage a sustainable war against cross-pollinating vulnerabilities that are decisively fueling insecurities and escalating future uncertainties.
CFD simulation study of internal mixing and flow of a modified airlift bioreactor
Authors: Lingwei Zeng , Zhenpeng Li , Jun Li , Dongmei Yan , Fuchuan Huang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
When the airlift bioreactor is applied to the field of industrial fermentation, there is a common problem of low mixing and flow efficiency due to its simple structure. In order to expand the application of airlift bioreactor in the field of industrial fermentation, a new type of airlift bioreactor with three-dimensional bumps in the draft tube has been designed to enhance the mixing and flow of gas-liquid two-phase in the reactor. In order to determine the specific influence of the three-dimensional bumps on the internal flow field of the reactor, and to provide technical reference for the improvement of the structure of the airlift bioreactor, in this paper, the CFD simulation of this type of bioreactor is carried out. Based on the Euler multiphase flow, the Realizable k-ε model was used to analyze the flow field of the reactor with average gas-liquid flow linear velocity and temperature as parameters. The results show that under certain conditions, the three-dimensional bumps inside the draft tube can effectively accelerate the gas-liquid two-phase flow and better promotes the mixing of pig manure fermentation broth and air.
Conceptual design of a fixed bed N2O decomposition reactor with a heat pipe heat exchanger
Authors: He Dong , Bai Xiaoyue , Tao Hanzhong , Li Yannan , Lin Shuo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces a novel process for decomposing N2O through interstage cooling utilizing a heat pipe heat exchanger. The reactor design involves segmenting the fixed bed reactor into multiple layers and integrating heat pipe heat exchangers between these layers to efficiently dissipate the high heat generated by the upper fixed bed reactor. This innovative approach facilitates the direct decomposition of N2O feedgas with high concentrations, obviating the need for gas dilution. The study conducted in this paper employed Fluent and ASPEN PLUS to investigate N2O decomposition with interstage cooling using heat pipe heat exchangers, as well as decomposition after dilution. A comparison between the two methods was made based on catalyst dosage, temperature uniformity, and reactor energy consumption. The results demonstrate that the proposed method for N2O decomposition via interstage cooling with a heat pipe heat exchanger is a viable option, offering the desired temperature control and enhanced efficiency. Furthermore, this reactor design effectively reduces both catalyst usage and energy consumption, providing substantial advantages over traditional approaches.
A tapestry of habitats: exploring abundance and habitat preferences of the Northern Red Muntjac (Muntiacus vaginalis) across the Central Himalayan landscape
Authors: Sharma Chandra Maya , Bhattacharjee Saurav , Sharief Amira , Joshi Bheem Dutt , Thakur Mukesh , Sharma Lalit Kumar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Understanding the occupancy and density estimate of Northern Red Muntjac (Muntiacus vaginalis) at a landscape scale is crucial due to their significant ecological impact on ecosystems, particularly as prey for large predators. This study employed a single-season site occupancy model to assess the occupancy and density of Northern Red Muntjac using camera traps in the east Sikkim and Darjeeling hills Central Himalayan landscape from 2018 to 2020. A total of 513 photo captures of Northern Red Muntjac were obtained from 3150 trap nights with a naive occupancy estimate of 0.64 for the Central Himalayan landscape. The top model revealed positive influences of broadleaved forest (β = 0.93 ± 0.26), mixed forest (β = 0.6 ± 0.47), and slope (β = 0.2 ± 0.24) on the occupancy probability, while elevation (β = −0.08 ± 0.24) and ruggedness (β = −0.53 ± 0.23) had negative influences. Similarly, broadleaved forest (β = 1.3 ± 0.24), mixed forest (β = 0.74 ± 0.39), and ruggedness (β = 0.62 ± 0.25) positively influenced the detection probability, whereas elevation (β = −0.3 ± 0.22) and slope (β = −1.13 ± 1.21) had negative effects. The study estimated a total abundance of 169.23 ± 20.77 individuals with a density of 0.33 per square kilometre in the landscape. This study is a pioneering effort and provides a foundation for future investigations into the occupancy and density estimate of Northern Red Muntjac in the Central Himalayas.
Clinical analysis of incomplete rupture of the uterus secondary to previous cesarean section
Authors: Yang Hong , Zhao Yun , Tu Jiahui , Chang Yanan , Xiao Chanyun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Uterine rupture is a rupture of the body or lower part of the uterus during pregnancy or delivery. Total of 98 cases with incomplete uterine rupture were classified as the incomplete uterine rupture group, 100 cases with a history of cesarean delivery without uterine rupture were classified as the non-ruptured uterus group, and controls were selected using a systematic sampling method. The maternal age ≥35 years were associated with 2.18 times higher odds of having an incomplete uterine rupture. The odd of having an incomplete uterine rupture was 3.744 times higher for a woman with delivery interval ≤36 months. Having pregnancy complication was associated with 3.961 times higher odds of having an incomplete uterine rupture. The neonatal weight was lighter in the incomplete uterine rupture group (P = 0.007). The number of preterm birth and transfer to the NICU were higher in the incomplete uterine rupture group (P ＜ 0.01). The operation time and the length of time in hospital were longer in the group with incomplete uterine rupture (P ＜ 0.01). Age ≥35 years, delivery interval ≤36 month, and pregnancy with complication were independent risk factors of incomplete rupture of the uterus secondary to previous cesarean section.
Abnormal sleep duration is associated with sarcopenia in older Chinese people: A large retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Peng Xilin , Zhou Ruihao , Liu Congqi , Chen Xudong , Zhu Tao , Chen Guo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Aim
Abnormalities in sleep patterns are a common health problem for the older adults. The relationship between sarcopenia and sleep duration in older people is controversial. This research is to examine the association between sleep duration and sarcopenia.

Methods
We drew 21,095 adults from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS). Not only we explore the relationship between sleep duration and sarcopenia, but also compare sleep duration to three sarcopenia subcomponents. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis was conducted by the gender and residence area to ascertain the discrepancy, separately. Finally, using restricted cubic spline to find the non-linear association between them.

Results
Among 7,342 community older adults engaged by CHARLS in 2015, the incidence of possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia was 23.14 and 11.30%, separately. Sleep duration (≤6 h) [OR(95%CI) = 1.30(1.03–1.65), p < 0.05] and (≥8 h) [OR(95%CI) = 1.33(1.05–1.69), p < 0.05] were significantly linked with possible sarcopenia, while long sleep duration (≥8 h) [OR(95%CI) = 1.41(1.01–2.02), p < 0.05] was correlated strongly with sarcopenia. A non-linear relationship (U-shaped) between sarcopenia risk and sleep duration was found (p for non-linear = 0.009).

Conclusions
Our findings highlight the importance of sleep duration in the onset of sarcopenia and might assist older persons to maintain good sleeping habits.
Decolonizing the Past and Confronting Climate Change Futures: Bringing the State Back In
Authors: Schroeder Ralph 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Macro-social theory has been on the wane. There are various reasons for this, but among the consequences of this gap is that an urgent social problem – climate change – has received little attention and is poorly connected to existing theories. This problem, in turn, is tied to the fact that the transition to modernity is no longer central to social theory. Instead, a recent focus has been on how the “rise of the West” is predicated on dominance over “the rest.” This essay addresses both problems, arguing that the transition to modernity is still central, but that a second transition, the post-war “great acceleration” and how it led to an “age of limits,” should be equally central. The essay traces the transformation of nature and its impact on the climate through these two transitions, and argues that responsibility for addressing the consequences of climate change will increasingly mean tracking the connections, and lack of connections, between the Global North and South.
Review of recent analytical advances in the spectroscopy of hydrogenic lines in plasmas
Authors: Oks Eugene , Dalimier Elisabeth , Angelo Paulo , Pikuz Tatiana 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Broadening of hydrogenic spectral lines is an important tool in spectroscopic diagnostics of various laboratory and astrophysical plasmas. We review recent analytical advances in three areas. First, we review the analytical solution for the splitting of hydrogenic lines under the combination of a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave with a strong magnetic field. Practical applications of this solution relate to the spectroscopic diagnostic of the electron cyclotron waves and to the relativistic laser–plasma interactions. Second, we review analytical results concerning the Stark–Zeeman broadening of the Lyman-alpha (Ly-alpha) line in plasmas. These results allow for the Stark width of the Ly-alpha π-component to be used for the experimental determination of the ion density or of the root-mean-square field of a low-frequency electrostatic plasma turbulence in the situation where the Zeeman effect dominates over the Stark effects. Third, we review recent analytical advances in the area of the intra-Stark spectroscopy: three different new methods, based on the emergent phenomenon of the Langmuir-wave-caused structures (“L-dips”) in the line profiles, for measuring super-strong magnetic fields of the GigaGauss range developing during relativistic laser–plasma interactions. We also review the rich physics behind the L-dips phenomenon – because there was a confusion in the literature in this regard.
Safety and Effectiveness of Probiotics in Preterm Infants with Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Authors: Calvo Laura N. , Greenberg Rachel G. , Gray Keyaria D. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Although necrotizing enterocolitis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among preterm infants, its underlying pathophysiology is not fully understood. Gut dysbiosis, an imbalance between commensal and pathogenic microbes, in the preterm infant is likely a major contributor to the development of necrotizing enterocolitis. In this review, we will discuss the increasing use of probiotics in the NICU, an intervention aimed to mitigate alterations in the gut microbiome. We will review the existing evidence regarding the safety and effectiveness of probiotics, and their potential to reduce rates of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants.
The use of genetic resources in rose breeding and creation of new rose cultivars through hybridization and selection
Authors: SALCĂ ROMAN Gabriela M. , LEHEL Lukács , SOMSAI Alpar Peter , STOIAN-DOD Roxana L. , DAN Cătălina , BUNEA Claudiu I. , SESTRAS Adriana F. , SESTRAS Radu E. 
Published: April 2024

Despite the existence of more than 37,000 different varieties of roses worldwide, there remains a significant interest and high relevance in rose breeding. The rose is the most beloved flower in the world, commonly named the “queen of flowers”. In addition to its remarkable ornamental significance, the rose possesses various ecological, environmental, landscaping, food, pharmaceutical and medicinal, cosmetic, and industrial attributes, among others, thereby contributing to its overall socio-economic value. The current study investigated the results of rose breeding in a horticulture research center in the northwest of Romania with over 70 years of experience. The main method used to generate variability for the selection of new genotypes was artificial hybridization. After 1970, an average of 15-20 crossings per year were carried out, in different parental formulas or types of crosses, with approximately 1000-2000 flowers per pollinated per parental combination. Thousands of F1 hybrids were obtained annually (approximately 10,000-12,000 hybrids per year per hybrid combination), and dozens of elites were selected, grafted, and promoted as clonal selections in comparative trials. The success rate in obtaining new varieties through hybridization was 5.1% from total hybrid combinations, 0.72% from total hybrids, and 1.6% from total clonal selections. Of the total new varieties, hybrid teas represent 11.9%, floribundas 64.2%, shrubs 16.6%, and others 7.1%. 38 new cultivars suitable for open field cultivation were obtained, showing different habits, decorative value, flowering behavior, flower color, fragrance, resistance to frost or major diseases, and intended use. The exploration of new research directions aimed at harnessing the potential of roses, the region, and the socio-economic requirements was undertaken to enhance and beauty degraded, or landslide-prone lands, as well as to introduce damascene roses for the oil perfume and cosmetics industry.