bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Letter to the editor. Acute leukemia following retinoblastoma
Authors: Sinniah Davendralingam , Taib Norazizah Bte Mohd , Menaka Negaretnam , Peng Lin Hai 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImproved prognosis for children with retinoblastoma is sometimes complicated years later by the appearance of second malignancies [1‐5]. Although acute leukemia is included among these, only two cases have so far been reported and both succumbed to their second cancer [6,7].
Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, and Cisplatin Combined in the Treatment of Advanced Sarcomas
Authors: Edmonson John H. , Hahn Richard G. , Schutt Allan J. , Bisel Harry F. , Ingle James N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐five patients with evaluable histologically confirmed inoperable metastatic sarcomas were treated once every four weeks with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin in doses of 400, 40, and 60 mg/m2, respectively. Cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin were given by rapid intravenous injection followed immediately by cisplatin by slow intraveneous infusion (2‐6 hr) in 1 liter of 0.45% saline with mannitol added. Leukopenia, alopecia, and vomiting were common side effects and three patients refused further treatment because of vomiting following their initial courses. No drug‐related deaths occurred and we removed no one from the study because of toxicity problems. Among the 9 patients who experienced objective tumor regression were 2 of 2 with hemangio‐sarcoma, 3 of 5 with malignant fibrous histiocytoma, 3 of 5 with osteosarcoma, and 1 of 1 with pleomorphic liposarcoma of bone. Although not therapeutically gratifying, these results appear to be better than any previously observed at our institution.
Results of Treatment of 18 Children With Hodgkin Disease With MOPP Chemotherapy as the Only Treatment Modality
Authors: Ekert H. , Waters K. D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEighteen children with Hodgkin disease (16 previously untreated; two relapsed) were treated with MOPP chemotherapy (nitrogen mustard, vincristine, prednisone, procarbazine) only. Ten had clinical stage I and II disease, four had stage III, and four had stage IV. In ten patients, the clinical stage was confirmed by staging laparotomy. Six courses of MOPP were given to eight stage I and II patients and two stage IV patients. Between 7 and 12 courses were given to two stage I and II, and six stage III and IV patients. Dose reduction of 75‐50% was required in 13% and delay of treatment in 22% of the first six courses of MOPP. Hematologic toxicity, minor and major viral infections, and nausea and vomiting were the major complications. Complete remission (CR) was obtained in 17 patients. Of these 17, there has been one death in CR, and one relapse. Sixteen patients have discontinued treatment and have been observed off treatment for 8 months to 7.5 years. The actuarial disease‐free survival with a median follow‐up of 28 months is 80% and overall survival is 92%.
Administration of a complex chemotherapy regimen: Inpatient versus outpatient treatment
Authors: Pasmantier Mark W. , Coleman Morton , Silver Richard T. , Mamaril Aurora P. , Quiguyan Cirila C. , Galindo Armando 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe ability to administer a complex chemo‐therapy regimen, adriamycin and cis‐platinum, was evaluated in two different settings, inpatient and outpatient. On comparison, outpatient administration proved superior. This resulted from the interest and experience of the staff administering the medications. It is recommended that outpatient administration of chemotherapy, even with complex protocols, be employed whenever feasible.
Improving the medical record for clinical oncology research by adaptation to a microcomputer
Authors: Dearth Jim , Brown Nancy , Hiett Tee 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn clinical oncology, much of the research is conducted in the milieu of patient care and the traditional medical record is used for collection of data. A clinical study manager reviewing medical records is frequently faced with problems such as omissions of data, illegible notes, and inconsistent locations of data within the various formats. At The Children's Hospital in Birmingham, Alabama, we developed a microcomputer‐based medical record system in an attempt to improve the quality of clinical research. Our system is based within our division and provides for a single point of transcription of clinical data when the patient is initially seen. Our entire practice is managed on the system, with numerous reports available that range from individual patient information to summary reports on protocol studies.
Mediastinal mass in acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Chilcote Robert R. , Coccia Peter , Sather Harland N. , Robison Leslie L. , Baehner Robert L. , Nesbit Mark E. , Hammond Denman 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPatients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who have a mediastinal mass at the time of diagnosis are said to have a poor prognosis. However, many factors which may not be independent contribute to the success of treatment. We compared the disease characteristics and results of therapy in children having large mediastinal masses and lymphoblastic leukemia without mediastinal mass. Patients with a mediastinal mass had less evidence of marrow failure but were burdened with considerably more leukemic cells as measured by peripheral blood white count and extent of lymphadenopathy. Since the presence of mediastinal mass was strongly associated with these and other poor prognostic characteristics, we used multivariate techniques to determine which characteristics were independently associated with an increased risk for relapse. White count, extent of lymphadenopathy, age, and sex were significant predictors of early relapse, but when controlled for these variables the presence of a mass did not predict prognosis.
Phase II evaluation of chlorozotocin in metastatic sarcomas
Authors: Presant Cary A. , Bartolucci Alfred A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐nine evaluable patients with anthracycline‐resistant metastatic bone or soft tissue sarcomas were treated with chlorozotocin, 150 mg/m2 every 6 weeks. Four patients (14%) achieved partial responses. The most severe toxicity was usually thrombocytopenia (which occurred in 31% of patients). Chlorozotocin has only minimal activity in drug‐resistant metastatic sarcomas.
Splenectomy after angiographic embolization of the splenic artery in patients with massive splenomegaly and severe thrombocytopenia, in juvenile subacute myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Steinherz Peter G. , Exelby Philip R. , Young Jean , Watson Robin C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSplenectomy for massive splenomegaly in thrombocytopenic patients refractory to platelet transfusions carries increased surgical risks. Blocking of the splenic artery may reduce the size of the organ, prolong the survival of transfused platelets, and reduce the surgical complications. We describe four cases of extreme splenomegaly and thrombocytopenia where successful splenectomy was carried out after angiographic embolization of the splenic artery in children with ju venile chronic myelogenous leukemia. Significant improvement was observed in platelet counts and in the survival of platelets after transfusions in three of the patients. There was a concomitant decrease in transfusion requirements. Isoimmunization prevented prolonged platelet survival in the fourth case. We recommend earlier splenectomy in these patients to reduce transfusion requirements and delay the onset of poor platelet survival after transfusions.
Transitional cell carcinoma of the nasal passages: Dramatic response to chemotherapy
Authors: Sooriyaarachchi Gamini S. , Skuta Gregory L. , Busse Joel M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTransitional cell carcinoma of the nasal passages and sinuses is an uncommon tumor of the head and neck, for which the efficacy of chemotherapy has not been previously reported. A dramatic and complete tumor response to chemotherapy with cis‐platinum, methotrexate, and bleomycin is described in a patient with advanced proptosis due to extensive local recurrence of transitional cell carcinoma. Relevant literature on this rare histologic type of head and neck cancer has been reviewed.
A hypothesis to explain the enigmatic natural history of neuroblastoma
Authors: Cassady J. Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA hypothesis is developed for neuroblastoma that attempts to explain the enigmatic natural history of this tumor and the variation in success of therapy as a function of the age of the child at diagnosis. It is postulated that neuroblastoma arising in the young patient has a relative paucity of clonogenically viable stem cells, whereas tumors arising in the older children have a substantial number of such clonogenic cells, as in most human tumors.
Occult ganglioneuroma with diarrhea: Localization by venous catecholamines
Authors: Schuman Andrew J. , Alario Anthony J. , Pitel Paul A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNeural crest tumors can be complicated by secretory diarrhea mediated by vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). An eight‐month‐old male with a several‐month history of secretory diarrhea is described. Elevated urine vanillylmandelic adic (VMA), total urine catecholamines, and plasma VIP indicated that a neural crest tumor was responsible for his protracted diarrhea. An extensive search for the tumor including CT scans of his head, neck, thorax, abdomen, and pelvis was unre vealing. A selective vena caval catheterization showed elevated catecholamines in a sample obtained above the renal veins. Subsequent laparotomy disclosed a benign ganglioneuroma arising from the left adrenal; the diarrhea resolved after its removal. Selective venous sampling proved useful in establishing the tumor's location where other techniques had been unsuccessful.
Correlation of gonadal function with histology of testicular biopsies at treatment discontinuation in childhood acute leukemia
Authors: Uderzo C. , Locasciulli A. , Marzorati R. , Adamoli L. , Di Natale B. , Nizzoli G. , Cazzaniga M. , Masera G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTesticular open‐wedge biopsy was performed in 35 children in complete remission from acute lymphoblastic leukemia without clinical signs of leukemic testicular infiltration at the time of treatment discontinuation. Histological investigation showed thickening of the tunica propria of the seminiferous tubules in 13 of 35 patients. In 5 of 35 patients, the tubular fertility index was markedly reduced; in 5 of 6 pubertal patients, decreased spermatogenesis or aplasia of germinal epithelium was observed. Histologic damage was found mainly in the germinal cells both in patients treated with cytosine arabinoside and cyclophosphamide and in those treated with antiblastic drugs not considered damaging to the gonads. The extent of impairment was independent of age at start of treatment. On the other hand, endocrinological investigation carried out at the crucial moment of treatment suspension showed normal hypothalamic‐hypophyseal‐gonadal function as well as normal anthropometric data, bone age, and pubertal stage in the majority of patients. Testicular leukemia was found in only one patient (2.8%) whereas three children with negative testicular biopsies had testicular relapses within 7 months. Therefore, in view of the limits of light microscopy in diagnosing leukemic infiltration at treatment discontinuation, we propose the use of more sophisticated techniques, possibly within 6 months of suspension of therapy.
Incidence of neuroblastoma in infancy in Japan
Authors: Sawada Tadashi , Kidowaki Takuro , Sugimoto Tohru , Kusunoki Tomoichi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSince 1974, we have been mass screening for neuroblastoma in 6‐month‐old infants using a VMA (vanilmandelic acid) spot test in Kyoto City. Fifteen (48.4%) of the 31 childhood neuroblastoma cases registered in this city during the recent 8‐year‐period, 1974‐1982, were under 1 year of age. The annual number of cases per year was 3.9 cases under 15 years with 1.9 cases under 1 year of age. As the number of children under 15 years of age in this city was 292,000 according to the National Census of the Human Population in 1975, the annual incidence of this tumor in childhood was 3.9/292,000 (13.3/million). And as the number of live births was 161,153, the annual detection rate for this tumor in infancy increased to 15/161,153 (93/million) from 1974 to 1982. We found that many neuroblastomas could be detected in infancy by a VMA spot test and/or a careful physical examination.
Treatment of small cell carcinoma of the lung with copp
Authors: Nixon Daniel W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe COPP regimen (cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, procarbazine, prednisone) was one of the first chemotherapy programs to prolong survival in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) significantly. Results with this regimen in 50 patients with SCLC show an overall median survival of 10 months. Survival was decreased with more extensive disease. Patients given COPP plus irradiation to the primary lesion lived longer than those given COPP alone, but this difference was not statistically significant. Toxicity was relatively mild. The COPP regimen can be considered, especially in advanced SCLC, if coexisting cardiac or renal disease precludes the use of agents toxic to these organs.
Late recurrence in Hodgkin's disease: A report of two cases
Authors: Green J. A. , Arnold A. M. , MacBeth F. R. , Mead G. M. , Williams C. J. , Wright D. H. , Whitehouse J. M. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo cases of Hodgkin's disease are described who relapsed 22 and 19 years after regional radiation therapy. One of the patients also developed a carcinoma of the large bowel soon after first relapse. The importance of long follow‐up and documentation of cause of death in Hodgkin's disease is stressed.
Impact of the timing of triple intrathecal therapy on remission induction in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A pediatric oncology group study
Authors: Hvizdala Eva , Berry D. H. , Chen Timothy , Dyment Paul G. , Kim Tae H. , Steuber C. Philip , Sullivan Margaret P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFive weekly doses of triple intrathecal (IT) chemotherapy (methotrexate, hydrocortisone, cytosine arabinoside) starting on day 1 of treatment were added to systemic induction therapy in a regimen (Arm 3) that was compared to three other regimens (Arms 1, 2, and 4) in which central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis was initiated after complete marrow remission (CR) was attained. The CR rate for Arm 3 was only 83% as compared to 91‐92% for other Arms. The lower CR rate was the result of a significantly higher death rate during induction for patients receiving early CNS prophylaxis (10.6 vs 0.9‐3.5%). These differences were only observed in high risk patients as defined in the study. The early death rate was especially high (30%) in Arm 3 for children who were less than 2 years of age. Infection was the primary cause of morbidity and mortality. Severe infection following the initiation of induction therapy was found in 16.7% of patients on Arm 3 vs 1.8‐6% on other regimens. Immediate triple IT chemoprophylaxis during induction therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia as use in this study appears to be associated with increased susceptibility to infection and this form of CNS prophylaxis has increased hazards of morbidity and mortality in infants and other high risk patients.
Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia developing during the course of Ewing's sarcoma
Authors: Link Michael P. , Donaldson Sarah S. , Kempson Richard L. , Wilbur Jordan R. , Glader Bertil E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo children with Ewing's sarcoma developed acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) during the course of their illness. One patient developed ANLL after apparently successful treatment of his primary malignancy with radiation therapy and multiagent chemotherapy. In the second patient, acute leukemia developed before the administration of radio‐therapy or systemic chemotherapy. The development of secondary ANLL after Ewing's sarcoma has been reported only twice previously, most likely representing a therapy‐induced complication. The occurrence of ANLL in Patient 2 prior to therapy suggests that these two disorders may have a more than treatment‐related association. Close follow‐up of long‐term survivors of Ewing's sarcoma with surveillance for secondary acute leukemia is advised.
Volume doubling measurement of spherical and ellipsoidal tumors
Authors: Spears Colin Paul 
Published: February 2007

AbstractVolume doubling rulers are described for rapid estimation of tumor volume using projection areas of single‐plane images such as chest radiographs. The potential utility of the rulers derives in part from the convenient relationships that exist for the interconversion of volume, volume doubling number, and decimal log growth or cell kill. The traditional approach to tumor volume doubling time determination, originated by Collins [1] uses the average diameter of approximately spherical tumors; analysis of the geometry of volume doubling shows this method to be nearly as accurate as methods that assume elliptical eccentricity, but only up to a tumor image length/width ratio of 1.5. For ratios greater than 1.5, it is shown that the clinical practice of taking perpendicular diameters is inherently more accurate. Where two perpendicular radiographic views of a tumor ellipsoid are available, it is shown that calculation of volume using the longest projection radius should result in less than one single volume doubling underestimate due to out‐of‐plane orientation of the long axis of the tumor.These methods should find greatest utility in measurement of multiple metachronous tumors that are well‐circumscribed, convex in perimeter, and have low length/width ratios.
Cancer in Hiroshima: 35 years after the bomb
Authors: Miller Daniel G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAfter the 1945 atomic bomb explosions, attention was initially drawn to the leukemogenic effect of atomic radiation. Mortality studies over the years have shown that the leukemogenic effect has been gradually declining, and the incidence of solid tumors has been increasing. There was a shorter latent period for the appearance of excess leukemia mortality than for solid tumors. It appears that the risk for developing solid tumors becomes greatest when the population enters the age group at which that particular form of cancer most commonly occurs. The leukemogenic and carcinogenic risks are also greater in those exposed to radiation in the younger age groups. There are implications in these studies for cancer control with regard to radiation safety in diagnostic radiology and the peaceful uses of atomic energy; in addition, they emphasize the moral obligation involved in limiting the proliferation of atomic weapons. These observations may also be parallel to the experience of oncologists with second primary cancers after the administration of chemotherapy.
Treatment of refractory lymphoproliferative diseases with daily, low‐dose vincristine, continuous infusion of bleomycin, and high‐dose prednisone
Authors: Gomez German A. , Han Tin , Ozer Howard , Henderson Edward S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractVincristine 0.25 mg/m2 by IV push and bleomycin 5 units daily by continuous infusion were given on days 1, 2, 3 and 4, together with prednisone 1,000 mg/m2 po in 4 divided doses either on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 (6 patients) or on days 1 and 3 (11 patients) to 17 patients with various lymphoproliferative diseases who had failed their previous treatment program. Fourteen were leukopenic and/or thrombocytopenic. Of 10 patients with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma 2 achieved complete remission and 5 a partial response. Both patients with Hodgkin's disease achieved partial response. A decrease in plasma M protein (median decrease 51%) was observed in 3/3 patients with multiple myeloma and 2/2 with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. Decrease in tumor cell infiltration by 48%, 58% and 100% was observed in 3 patients (2 with macroglobulinemia and 1 with myeloma) in the bone marrow. Leukopenia of less than 3,600/mm3 and thrombocytopenia of less than 70,000/mm3 reverted to normal in 5/7 and 7/10 patients, respectively. Remission duration ranged from 4 to 35+ weeks (median 17 weeks). Three patients had severe Gl bleeding. Psychosis controlled by phenothiazines was observed in one, and bleomycin toxicity (anaphylaxis, skin rash, and lung toxicity, one each) was observed in 3 patients. No severe neurotoxicity was observed.
Influence of local‐regional lymph node metastases on prognosis in neuroblastoma
Authors: Rosen Eliot M. , Cassady J. Robert , Kretschmar Cynthia , Frantz Christopher N. , Sallan Stephen E. , Levey Raphael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractData relative to the prognostic and therapeutic significance of lymph node metastases in regionally confined neuroblastsoma (Evans stages II‐III) are scant. We have analyzed lymph node status in order to assess the significance of nodal involvement. Disease‐free survival (minimum follow‐up of 2 years) was 84% (21/25) among node‐positive patients compared with 95% (18/19) for node‐negative patients (P > 0.1, two‐tailed test). These results contrast with the results from two other centers in which lymph node involvement was a significant adverse prognostic indicator. The use of intensive multimodal therapy including surgical resection of the primary tumor, wide‐field radiation therapy to the tumor bed and regional lymph nodes, and chemotherapy may have accounted for the better survival in our node‐positive patients.
Bleomycin pulmonary toxicity: Its relationship to renal dysfunction
Authors: Dalgleish Angus G. , Woods Robert L. , Levi John A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo hundred seventy‐five patients who had received bleomycin were examined for evidence of pulmonary toxicity. Twenty‐six patients were diagnosed as having bleomycin pulmonary toxicity and, of these, 20 (77%) were documented as having renal dysfunction without other features recognized to be associated with the development of pulmonary toxicity. In this study renal dysfunction was a most important factor in the development of bleomycin pulmonary toxicity. As bleomycin is often administered with nephrotoxic drugs, it is suggested that renal function should be checked prior to each administration of bleomycin. It is proposed that appropriate dose modifications could significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with bleomycin administration.
Cis‐platinum‐induced renal sodium wasting
Authors: Lammers Pamela J. , White Les , Ettinger Lawrence J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 10‐year‐old girl with a malignant ovarian germ cell tumor was treated with cis‐platinum‐based chemotherapy. During the thrid and fourth courses of therapy, the patient developed hyponatremia, hypomagnesemia, and hypocalcemia. Renal sodium wasting was documented to be the cause of the hyponatremia. Despite normalization of serum electrolytes, hyponatremia again occurred during a period of stress following cessation of cisplatinum. Prior work has documented that cis‐platinum‐induced hypomagnesemia is related to renal tubular dysfunction with resulting magnesium wasting. A similar etiology for cis‐platinum‐induced hyponatremia and renal sodium wasting is proposed.
The chemotherapy of granulosa cell tumors of the ovary: Experience of the wisconsin clinical cancer center
Authors: Neville Alan J. , Gilchrist Kennedy W. , Davis Thomas E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe reviewed the clinical records of 32 patients with ganulosa cell tumor of the ovary treated at the Wisconsin Clinical Cancer Center (WCCC) between 1970 and 1982. Eleven of these patients were treated with one or more chemotherapeutic regimens, yielding a total of 22 treatment trials. Objective response was observed in 7 of 17 evaluable treatment trials (41%). The response to chemotherapy could not be assessed in five treatment trials due to the concomitant administration of radiotherapy. We conclude that granulosa cell tumor of the ovary is responsive to chemotherapy. However, the optimal chemotherapeutic regimen for this rare neoplasm remains to be established on the basis of prospective clinical trials.