bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single dose creatine improves cognitive performance and induces changes in cerebral high energy phosphates during sleep deprivation
Authors: Gordji-Nejad Ali , Matusch Andreas , Kleedörfer Sophie , Jayeshkumar Patel Harshal , Drzezga Alexander , Elmenhorst David , Binkofski Ferdinand , Bauer Andreas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe inverse effects of creatine supplementation and sleep deprivation on high energy phosphates, neural creatine, and cognitive performances suggest that creatine is a suitable candidate for reducing the negative effects of sleep deprivation. With this, the main obstacle is the limited exogenous uptake by the central nervous system (CNS), making creatine only effective over a long-term diet of weeks. Thus far, only repeated dosing of creatine over weeks has been studied, yielding detectable changes in CNS levels. Based on the hypothesis that a high extracellular creatine availability and increased intracellular energy consumption will temporarily increase the central creatine uptake, subjects were orally administered a high single dose of creatinemonohydrate (0.35 g/kg) while performing cognitive tests during sleep deprivation. Two consecutive 31P-MRS scans, 1H-MRS, and cognitive tests were performed each at evening baseline, 3, 5.5, and 7.5 h after single dose creatine (0.35 g/kg) or placebo during sub-total 21 h sleep deprivation (SD). Our results show that creatine induces changes in PCr/Pi, ATP, tCr/tNAA, prevents a drop in pH level, and improves cognitive performance and processing speed. These outcomes suggest that a high single dose of creatine can partially reverse metabolic alterations and fatigue-related cognitive deterioration.
Motorized and non-motorized mixed traffic characteristics and lateral opening spacing calculation for the section of arterial highway through small towns
Authors: Hu Shengneng , Mao Kexin , Tong Wei , Jia Zhen , Zhai Weibo , Xu Hongwei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA large number of motor vehicles and non-motorized vehicles mixed in the section of arterial highway crossing the town leads to many traffic problems. Therefore, it is necessary to set up a side divider between motorized and non-motorized lanes, and the appropriate spacing of lateral crossing openings to meet the needs of non-motorized vehicles crossing the highway has become a key issue that must be resolved. This paper investigates the traffic flow characteristics of mixed traffic flow on arterial highways through small town sections, and from the two dimensions of highway access efficiency and the psychological characteristics of cyclists, it calibrates the setting range of the spacing of non-motorized lateral crossing openings under different design speeds, which is used to regulate the behavior of non-motorized vehicles crossing the street, improve the safety level of the highway, reduce the lateral interference of the highway, and improve the road access efficiency. The accuracy of the research results is verified by microscopic simulation experiments, which proves that they can meet good expectations in practical engineering. The research results have theoretical significance and reference value for improving the status quo of machine-non-mixed traffic in the section of arterial highway passing through small towns, and enhancing the efficiency and safety of highway traffic. It also provides corresponding reference for the areas facing similar problems worldwide.
Developing efficient strategies for localizing the enhanced yellow fluorescent protein subcellularly in transgenic Eimeria parasites
Authors: Yu Ying , Zhang Sixin , Duan Chunhui , Crouch Colin , Suo Jingxia , Tang Xinming , Liu Xianyong , Liu Jie , Bruton Beth , Tarpey Ian , Suo Xun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEimeria species serve as promising eukaryotic vaccine vectors. And that the location of heterologous antigens in the subcellular components of genetically modified Eimeria may determine the magnitude and type of immune responses. Therefore, our study aimed to target a heterologous fluorescent protein to the cell surface or microneme, two locations where are more effective in inducing protective immunity, of Eimeria tenella and E. acervulina sporozoites. We used an enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) as a tagging biomarker, fusing variously with some localization or whole sequences of compartmental proteins for targeting. After acquiring stable transgenic Eimeria populations, we observed EYFP expressing in expected locations with certain strategies. That is, EYFP successfully localized to the surface when it was fused between signal peptides and mature products of surface antigen 1 (SAG1). Furthermore, EYFP was efficiently targeted to the apical end, an optimal location for secretory organelle known as the microneme, when fused to the C terminus of microneme protein 2. Unexpectedly, EYFP exhibited dominantly in the apical end with only weak expression on the surface of the transgenic sporozoites when the parasites were transfected with plasmid with EYFP fused between signal peptides and mature products of E. tenella SAG 13. These strategies worked in both E. tenella and E. acervulina, laying a solid foundation for studying E. tenella and E. acervulina-based live vaccines that can be further tailored to the inclusion of cargo immunogens from other pathogens.
The potential recording of North Ionian Gyre’s reversals as a decadal signal in sea level during the instrumental period
Authors: Meli Matteo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn recent decades, the north Ionian Sea, central Mediterranean Sea, has witnessed shifts in surface current circulation from cyclonic to anticyclonic and vice versa at the quasi-decadal scale, a phenomenon termed the North Ionian Gyre (NIG) reversal. This process impacts parameters such as sea level by altering thermohaline properties and redistributing water masses at the sub-basin scale. Previous studies have shown that during anticyclonic (cyclonic) phases, the Ionian sea-level trend is falling (rising), the opposite of what is observed in other Mediterranean sub-basins. Assuming that sea level records reversals, this study employed signal decomposition to analyze satellite altimetry data and tide gauge observations across the region, some dating back to the 1900s. A distinct quasi-decadal periodicity emerges as the second dominant oscillatory mode from all independent observations, aligning its peaks and troughs (i.e., changes in sea-level trend) with known NIG reversals and associated changes in the state of North Ionian vorticity. Furthermore, this mode from altimetry data clearly depicts the spatial variability of sea level attributed to the opposite NIG states. This periodicity appears coherent among different sub-basins within the domain, especially in the eastern Mediterranean, with a shared generalized out of phase and weakening occurred from the 1930s to the 1950s. This study presents a century-scale reconstruction of NIG reversals, contributing to the understanding of this phenomenon prior to 1987 using direct observations from sea-level data.
Extendable high gain low current/high pulse modified quadratic–SEPIC converter for water treatment applications
Authors: Sumathy P. , Navamani J. Divya , Mohamed Ali Jagabar Sathik , Lavanya A. , Vishnuram Pradeep , Bajaj Mohit , Dost Mohammadi Shir Ahmad , Prokop Lukas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSubstantial attention has been drawn over the past few years by high step-up dc-dc converters owing to their applications in a wide range. Apart from renewable energy applications, high voltage/ high pulse converters are efficiently used in water treatment applications. The converter suggested a combination of Quadratic and SEPIC converters with a diode-capacitor cell. This topology generates high-voltage repetitive pulses with a single semiconductor switch and reduced component count. The stress across the components is less than the high-gain converters reported in the literature. The topology has an extendable feature by increasing the number of diode-capacitor cells without affecting the stress. The superiority of the high pulse generating topology is validated with a similar converter in the literature. This paper discusses the nL5 simulator results for the proposed rated topology required for water treatment. A scaled-down 50 W prototype is tested for various input voltages to generate high voltage pulse, and the analytical study is validated.
Metabolic rewiring of macrophages by epidermal-derived lactate promotes sterile inflammation in the murine skin
Authors: Ayyangar Uttkarsh , Karkhanis Aneesh , Tay Heather , Afandi Aliya Farissa Binte , Bhattacharjee Oindrila , KS Lalitha , Lee Sze Han , Chan James , Raghavan Srikala 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDysregulated macrophage responses and changes in tissue metabolism are hallmarks of chronic inflammation in the skin. However, the metabolic cues that direct and support macrophage functions in the skin are poorly understood. Here, we show that during sterile skin inflammation, the epidermis and macrophages uniquely depend on glycolysis and the TCA cycle, respectively. This compartmentalisation is initiated by ROS-induced HIF-1α stabilization leading to enhanced glycolysis in the epidermis. The end-product of glycolysis, lactate, is then exported by epithelial cells and utilized by the dermal macrophages to induce their M2-like fates through NF-κB pathway activation. In addition, we show that psoriatic skin disorder is also driven by such lactate metabolite-mediated crosstalk between the epidermis and macrophages. Notably, small-molecule inhibitors of lactate transport in this setting attenuate sterile inflammation and psoriasis disease burden, and suppress M2-like fate acquisition in dermal macrophages. Our study identifies an essential role for the metabolite lactate in regulating macrophage responses to inflammation, which may be effectively targeted to treat inflammatory skin disorders such as psoriasis.
Twinned versus linked organometallics - bimetallic “half-baguette” pentalenide complexes of Rh(i)
Authors: Sanderson Hugh J. , Kociok-Köhn Gabriele , McMullin Claire L. , Hintermair Ulrich 
Published: February 2024

Bimetallic “baguette” versions of the popular CpRh(I) “sandwich” complexes have been synthesised with a tetraarylated pentalenide. The factors leading to syn versus anti metallation have been investigated and the scope of ligand substitution is explored.
Die Therapie des Verbrennungsschocks – die ersten 24 h und darüber
hinaus
Authors: Böhm Dorothee , Bliesener Björn , Dieck Thorben , Kruse Marianne , Odenthal Tobias , Stoppe Christian , Trojan Stefan , Gille Jochen 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Therapie des Verbrennungsschocks weist im Unterschied zu anderen Schockformen
einige Besonderheiten auf, welche selbst spezialisierte Zentren immer wieder vor
Herausforderungen stellen. Die S2k-Leitlinie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für
Verbrennungsmedizin (DGV) gibt hierzu therapeutische Handlungsempfehlungen auf
dem Boden der verfügbaren Evidenz. Das folgende Positionspapier möchte Hinweise
zum praktischen Vorgehen einschließlich eines Therapiealgorithmus ergänzen, die
sowohl innerhalb spezialisierter Verbrennungszentren als auch in
erstversorgenden Kliniken umgesetzt werden können. Diese sind als
Good-Practice-Points (GPP) zu verstehen und stellen die Position des
Arbeitskreises Intensivmedizin im Sinne eines Expertenkonsensus dar. Die
Kurzversion des Positionspapieres ist abrufbar über: https://verbrennungsmedizin.de/files/dgv_files/pdf/positionspapier/Pos%20Therapie%20des%20Verbrennungsschock%20AK%20Intensivmedizin%202023.pdf
Artificial intelligence-assisted system for the assessment of Forrest classification of peptic ulcer bleeding: a multicenter diagnostic study
Authors: He Xiao-Jian , Wang Xiao-Ling , Su Tian-Kang , Yao Li-Jia , Zheng Jing , Wen Xiao-Dong , Xu Qin-Wei , Huang Qian-Rong , Chen Li-Bin , Chen Chang-Xin , Lin Hai-Fan , Chen Yi-Qun , Hu Yan-Xing , Zhang Kai-Hua , Jiang Chuan-Shen , Liu Gang , Li Da-Zhou , Li Dong-Liang , Wen Wang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background Inaccurate Forrest classification may significantly affect clinical outcomes, especially in high risk patients. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a real-time deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) system to assess the Forrest classification of peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB).
Methods A training dataset (3868 endoscopic images) and an internal validation dataset (834 images) were retrospectively collected from the 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China. In addition, 521 images collected from four other hospitals were used for external validation. Finally, 46 endoscopic videos were prospectively collected to assess the real-time diagnostic performance of the DCNN system, whose diagnostic performance was also prospectively compared with that of three senior and three junior endoscopists.
Results The DCNN system had a satisfactory diagnostic performance
in the assessment of Forrest classification, with an accuracy of 91.2% (95%CI 89.5%–92.6%) and
a macro-average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.80 in the
validation dataset. Moreover, the DCNN system could judge suspicious regions automatically
using Forrest classification in real-time videos, with an accuracy of 92.0% (95%CI
80.8%–97.8%). The DCNN system showed more accurate and stable diagnostic performance than
endoscopists in the prospective clinical comparison test. This system helped to slightly
improve the diagnostic performance of senior endoscopists and considerably enhance that of
junior endoscopists.
Conclusion The DCNN system for the assessment of the Forrest classification of PUB showed satisfactory diagnostic performance, which was slightly superior to that of senior endoscopists. It could therefore effectively assist junior endoscopists in making such diagnoses during gastroscopy.
The Impact of Marijuana Use on Postoperative Outcomes in Abdominal-based Free Flap Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Lu Yi-Hsueh , Mahajan Lakshmi , Rudy Hayeem , Yan Yufan , Ricci Joseph A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background There is an increasing prevalence of marijuana use in the general population yet clinical studies on marijuana's effect on surgical outcomes remain limited. Marijuana's effect on wound healing, venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to endothelial inflammation, and bleeding due to inhibited platelet function have been cited based on animal models but have not been evaluated clinically in patients undergoing microsurgical reconstruction.
Methods Retrospective chart review was performed on all patients who underwent abdominal-based free flap breast reconstruction in a single institute from August 2018 to December 2022. Patient self-reported marijuana use, demographics, total narcotic use during hospitalization converted to oral morphine milligram equivalent (MME), and 90-day complications were collected and compared.
Results A total of 162 patients were included and 13 patients (8.5%) had reported marijuana use on presurgical history. Marijuana users are more likely to be younger and report concurrent nicotine smoking. Marijuana users were also at a significantly elevated risk of developing symptomatic VTE (15 vs. 1%; odds ratio (OR) 13.4 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.71–104.2]; p = 0.01) and marijuana use remained a significant risk factor with multivariate analysis. On postoperative 90-day complications, there was no increased risk of flap loss, reoperation, postoperative transfusion, or hematoma associated with marijuana use, and no significantly increased risk for overall donor or recipient site complications. Marijuana users required significantly more narcotics for pain control during hospitalization (100 ± 77 vs. 49 ± 45 MME; p = 0.0003), although they had similar lengths of stay, achievement of mobilization on post operative day (POD)1, and maximal pain scores.
Conclusion Marijuana use increases the risks of postoperative VTE and increased postoperative narcotic requirements in patients who underwent abdominal-based free flap breast reconstruction. Future prospective cohort study is required to further understand marijuana-associated risks in microsurgical procedures.
Genetic Modifications of Developmental Dyslexia and Its Representation Using In Vivo, In Vitro Model
Authors: Zaki Zakiyyah M.M. , Ali Siti A. , Ghazali Mazira M. , Jam Faidruz A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDyslexia is a genetic and heritable disorder that has yet to discover the treatment of it, especially at the molecular and drug intervention levels. This review provides an overview of the current findings on the environmental and genetic factors involved in developmental dyslexia. The latest techniques used in diagnosing the disease and macromolecular factors findings may contribute to a higher degree of development in detangling the proper management and treatment for dyslexic individuals. Furthermore, this review tried to put together all the models used in the current dyslexia research for references in future studies that include animal models as well as in vitro models and how the previous research has provided consistent data across many years and regions. Thus, we suggest furthering the studies using an organoid model based on the existing gene polymorphism, pathways, and neuronal function input.
Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of NRG1/2 Gene Fusion Solid Tumors
Authors: Xu Chunwei , Wang Qian , Wang Dong , Wang Wenxian , Fang Wenfeng , Li Ziming , Liu Aijun , Yu Jinpu , Zhong Wenzhao , Wang Zhijie , Zhang Yongchang , Liu Jingjing , Zhang Shirong , Cai Xiuyu , Liu Anwen , Li Wen , Zhan Ping , Liu Hongbing , Lv Tangfeng , Miao Liyun , Min Lingfeng , Chen Yu , Yuan Jingping , Wang Feng , Jiang Zhansheng , Lin Gen , Huang Long , Pu Xingxiang , Lin Rongbo , Liu Weifeng , Rao Chuangzhou , Lv Dongqing , Yu Zongyang , Li Xiaoyan , Tang Chuanhao , Zhou Chengzhi , Zhang Junping , Xue Junli , Guo Hui , Chu Qian , Meng Rui , Wu Jingxun , Zhang Rui , Zhou Jin , Zhu Zhengfei , Li Yongheng , Qiu Hong , Xia Fan , Lu Yuanyuan , Chen Xiaofeng , Ge Rui , Dai Enyong , Han Yu , Pan Weiwei , Pang Fei , He Qingqing , Huang Jintao , Wang Kai , Wu Fan , Xu Bingwei , Wang Liping , Zhu Youcai , Lin Li , Xie Yanru , Lin Xinqing , Cai Jing , Xu Ling , Li Jisheng , Jiao Xiaodong , Li Kainan , Wei Jia , Feng Huijing , Wang Lin , Du Yingying , Yao Wang , Shi Xuefei , Niu Xiaomin , Yuan Dongmei , Yao Yanwen , Huang Jianhui , Feng Yue , Zhang Yinbin , Sun Pingli , Wang Hong , Ye Mingxiang , Wang Zhaofeng , Hao Yue , Wang Zhen , Wan Bin , Lv Donglai , Yang Shengjie , Kang Jin , Zhang Jiatao , Zhang Chao , Ou Juanjuan , Shi Lin , Wang Yina , Li Bihui , Zhang Zhang , Li Zhongwu , Liu Zhefeng , Yang Nong , Wu Lin , Wang Huijuan , Jin Gu , Wang Guansong , Wang Jiandong , Fang Meiyu , Fang Yong , Li Yuan , Wang Xiaojia , Zhang Yiping , Zhu Xixu , Shen Yi , Ma Shenglin , Wang Biyun , Si Lu , Song Yong , Lu Yuanzhi , Chen Jing , Song Zhengbo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe fusion genes NRG1 and NRG2, members of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor family, have emerged as key drivers in cancer. Upon fusion, NRG1 retains its EGF-like active domain, binds to the ERBB ligand family, and triggers intracellular signaling cascades, promoting uncontrolled cell proliferation. The incidence of NRG1 gene fusion varies across cancer types, with lung cancer being the most prevalent at 0.19 to 0.27%. CD74 and SLC3A2 are the most frequently observed fusion partners. RNA-based next-generation sequencing is the primary method for detecting NRG1 and NRG2 gene fusions, whereas pERBB3 immunohistochemistry can serve as a rapid prescreening tool for identifying NRG1-positive patients. Currently, there are no approved targeted drugs for NRG1 and NRG2. Common treatment approaches involve pan-ERBB inhibitors, small molecule inhibitors targeting ERBB2 or ERBB3, and monoclonal antibodies. Given the current landscape of NRG1 and NRG2 in solid tumors, a consensus among diagnostic and treatment experts is proposed, and clinical trials hold promise for benefiting more patients with NRG1 and NRG2 gene fusion solid tumors.
Microfabricated double-tilt apparatus for transmission electron microscope imaging of atomic force microscope probe
Authors: Sato Takaaki , Menon Vivek Anand , Toshiyoshi Hiroshi , Tochigi Eita 
Published: February 2024

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) uses a scanning stylus to directly measure the surface characteristics of a sample. Since AFM relies on nanoscale interaction between the probe and the sample, the resolution of AFM-based measurement is critically dependent on the geometry of the scanning probe tip. This geometry, therefore, can limit the development of related applications. However, AFM itself cannot be effectively used to characterize AFM probe geometry, leading researchers to rely on indirect estimates based on force measurement results. Previous reports have described sample jigs that enable the observation of AFM probe tips using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). However, such setups are too tall to allow sample tilting within more modern high-resolution TEM systems, which can only tilt samples less than a few millimeters in thickness. This makes it impossible to observe atomic-scale crystallographic lattice fringes by aligning the imaging angle perfectly or to view a flat probe tip profile exactly from the side. We have developed an apparatus that can hold an AFM tip for TEM observation while remaining thin enough for tilting, thereby enabling atomic-scale tip characterization. Using this technique, we demonstrated consistent observation of AFM tip crystal structures using tilting in TEM and found that the radii of curvature of nominally identical probes taken from a single box varied widely from 1.4 nm for the sharpest to 50 nm for the most blunt.
Testing alternative spacetimes by high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations observed in microquasars and active galactic nuclei
Authors: Shahzadi Misbah , Kološ Martin , Saleem Rabia , Stuchlík Zdeněk 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this article, we try to capture the influence of deviation from standard Kerr black hole (BH) spacetime on observed high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) signal. We explore the dynamics of test particles in the field of rotating compact objects governed by the various modifications of the standard Kerr BH spacetime and apply the model of epicyclic oscillations of Keplerian discs to the observed microquasars and active galactic nuclei high-frequency QPOs data. We present a generalized formalism for fitting two well-known high-frequency QPO models: the epicyclic resonance model and the relativistic precession model. This is done assuming stationary, axisymmetric, and asymptotically flat spacetimes. Recently, we have used the same set of stationary, axisymmetric, and asymptotically flat spacetimes, and estimated the restrictions of spacetime parameters with the help of hot-spot data of three flares observed at Sgr A* by GRAVITY instrument (Misbah Shahzadi et al 2022 Eur. Phys. J. C 82 407). The aim of this work is not to test a particular theoretical model or to determine and constrain its parameters, but to map a set of well-astrophysically motivated deviations from classical Kerr BH spacetime and demonstrate which ones provide the best fit for high-frequency QPOs data and could be fruitful for future exploration.
Convolutional neural network for retrieval of the time-dependent bond length in a molecule from photoelectron momentum distributions
Authors: Shvetsov-Shilovski N I , Lein M 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We apply deep learning for retrieval of the time-dependent bond length in the dissociating two-dimensional H

2

+

molecule using photoelectron momentum distributions. We consider a pump-probe scheme and calculate electron momentum distributions from strong-field ionization by treating the motion of the nuclei classically, semiclassically or quantum mechanically. A convolutional neural network trained on momentum distributions obtained at fixed internuclear distances retrieves the time-varying bond length with an absolute error of 0.2–0.3 a.u.