bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PHOTOSENSITIVITY TO MUSK AMBRETTE
Authors: Goh C. L. , Tham S. N. 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYMusk ambrette is the most common known photosensitiser in Singapore. Twelve patients with photosensitivity to musk ambrette were studied and we observed that the majority of the patients belonged to the older age group (over 35 years of age). Their presentation was characteristic and 33 % were sensitive to this fragrance without UVL. Five patients remained photosensitive despite avoidance of this perfumed preparation, indicating the possibility of unidentified sources of musk ambrette in the environment.
CUTANEOUS SIDE‐EFFECTS OF BETA‐ADRENERGIC BLOCKERS
Authors: Richards Shawn 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYThe beta‐adrenergic blockers are a commonly used group of drugs. Cutaneous reactions are uncommon but may be serious. The eruption may start several months or even years after commencement of treatment. The pathogenesis remains uncertain, but may be due to modulation of cAMP levels in both the epidermis and lymphocytes.
CLINICAL FEATURES OF MYCOBACTERIUM ULCERANS INFECTION
Authors: Hayman John 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYMycobacterium ulcerans infection was first reported in patients from the Bairnsdale district in Victoria in 1937, although ulcers probably due to this organism have been described in Africa since the last century. Characteristically the disease occurs in patients resident in defined areas, and such areas have been identified in many countries throughout the world. In Victoria cases have occurred recently in patients living some distance from Bairnsdale, and there appears to have been some extension of the endemic area. At the same time cases have occurred in koalas, but there appears to be no direct transmission between the koala and human cases.The characteristic clinical features of the disease in humans are described and illustrated. In recent Victorian cases the incidence appears to be seasonal, cases appearing in late autumn and winter months. Skin testing with the test reagent Burulin may be of value when diagnostic histological or microbiological material is lacking.
GIANT PIGMENTED NAEVUS: THE FREQUENCY OF MALIGNANT CHANGE AND INDICATIONS FOR TREATMENT IN PREPUBERTAL CHILDREN
Authors: Keipert James A. 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYThe chance of malignancy developing in a giant pigmented naevus is often regarded as sufficiently high to justify prophylactic removal of all giant pigmented naevi as soon as possible, but most of the reports from which these figures are derived appear biased because of selection of patients.Because malignant melanoma seemed extremely rare in the Australian prepubertal child, attempts were made to document its frequency. Despite difficulty in obtaining complete figures, sufficient information was obtained to confirm the extreme rarity of malignant melanoma in general and especially arising in a giant pigmented naevus before puberty. It is therefore suggested that there is no general indication for prophylactic removal of giant pigmented naevi in Australian prepubertal children. Indications for removal on cosmetic grounds are discussed. It is speculated whether these conclusions might apply in other countries.
FIXED DRUG ERYTHEMA DUE TO TWO UNRELATED DRUGS
Authors: Pandhi R. K. , Kumar A. S. 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYFixed drug erythema due to two unrelated drugs is reported. The eruptions consisted of intense erythematous patches at different sites, without resulting pigmentation. The causative drugs were tetracycline and chloramphenicol resulting in multiple erythematous eruptions at different sites, as proven by provocation tests.
APOPTOSIS IN HUMAN EPIDERMIS: A POSTMORTEM STUDY BY LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPY*
Authors: Lovas John G. L. 
Published: June 2007

SummarySamples of clinically normal skin from a sun‐protected site were obtained from 106 autopsy eases. For the first time epithelial apoptosis was documented in postmortem skin, and illustrated using light and electron micrographs. The epidermis was otherwise normal clinically and histologically. A close morphological similarity was observed between these apoptotic keratinocytes and examples of individual epithelial cell death previously described in lichen planus and certain other dermatoses.
EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT IN A COMMERCIAL SOLARIUM ON LANGERHANS CELLS AND MELANOCYTES IN HUMAN EPIDERMIS
Authors: Scheibner A. , Hollis D. E. , McCarthy W. H. , Milton G. W. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryNine subjects of Celtic and mixed European descent were exposed to small (1/2 hour) doses of ultraviolet light (UVL) on 10 consecutive days in a commercial solarium to determine the effects of UVL on epidermal melanocytes and immunocompetent Langerhans cells (LCs). Tanned and non‐tanned subjects were studied to determine whether pigmentation from melanocytes provided the LCs with any protection against these UVL effects. A transient reduction in the number of LCs occurred in response to UVL exposure, returning to near pre‐exposure levels two weeks after cessation of the solarium course. The tan which developed or deepened following the UVL exposure appeared to provide little or no protection against this reduction, regardless of whether the subjects were lightly tanned or untanned prior to the solarium course. Even though the number of subjects examined was small these results indicate that exposure to solarium UVL irradiation, even in small doses, may adversely affect the skin immune system and therefore is not recommended as a safe means of acquiring a tan.
IMMUNOPATHOLOGIC DIAGNOSIS OF ORAL MUCOSAL INFLAMMATORY DISEASES
Authors: Rogers Roy S. , Van Hale Harriet M. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryWe have studied 734 oral mucosal biopsy specimens by the direct immunofluorescence technique in our laboratory at Mayo Clinic over the past 11 1/2 years. The sensitivity of this test was 92% in oral pemphigus, 78% in oral pemphigoid, and 100% in oral lupus erythematosus. The predictive value of a positive test for these diseases was 87%, 88%, and 58%, respectively. For oral lichen planus, sensitivity was poor (37%) but the predictive value of a positive test was good (79%). This paper presents suggestions for use of this test in oral mucosal inflammatory diseases.
RECURRENT MELANOCYTIC NAEVI FOLLOWING PARTIAL REMOVAL (PSEUDOMELANOMA)
Authors: Dymock Robert B. , Menz Jennifer 
Published: June 2007

SummaryRegrowth of a benign melanocytic naevus at the dermo‐epidermal junction following inadequate excision has been shown to produce cellular atypia resembling a dysplastic naevus or a superficial spreading melanoma. The term “pseudomelanoma” has been used to identify this process, as the lesion behaves in a benign fashion. In this case naevi of this type recurred in a split skin donor site. The graft was required to repair the defect following excision of a true melanoma which subsequently developed metastases.
DERMATITIS DUE TO CHROMATE IN CEMENT PART I. CHROMATE CONTENT OF CEMENT IN AUSTRALIA
Authors: Ellis Vivienne , Freeman Susanne 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe concentration of chromate (soluble, sodium sulphate extractable and total) was determined in samples of Australian cement, and the effect of addition of ferrous sulphate to cement was assessed. Methods of analysis are described and the significance of chromate in cement is discussed.
SCREENING FOR HAEMATINIC DEFICIENCIES IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT APHTHOUS STOMATITIS
Authors: Rogers Roy S. , Hutton Kathleen P. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryTo resolve the conflict among published reports as to the value of screening for haematinic deficiencies in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis, we evaluated 102 such patients. Venous blood was sampled for a complete blood cell count and measurements of serum iron, serum iron‐binding capacity and capacity saturation, serum folate, and serum vitamin BM. Of the 40 patients deficient In iron or folate, 6 were anaemic, 23 were deficient in iron, and 22 were deficient in folate; 5 were deficient in both iron and folate. The discriminating value of the complete blood cell count between the 62 nondeficient and 40 deficient patients was low. Among the 70 patients evaluated 6 years after entry into the study, 24 (60%) of the 40 nondeficient patients and 23 (77%) of the 30 deficient patients were in remission or improved.The results of this study confirm the advisability of screening for haematinic deficiencies of iron, folate, and vitamin B12 and also suggest that replacement therapy in deficient patients is beneficial.
ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS TO HELICHRYSUM DIOSMIFOLIUM
Authors: McMahon Ruth , Freeman Susanne 
Published: June 2007

SummaryAllergic contact dermatitis has been identified, with positive patch testing, to Helichrysum diosmifolium. Dermatitis was diffuse and severe and oral corticosteroid treatment was required. The nature and habitat of this Australian shrub is described.
MELANOMA IN THE NELSON MARLBOROUGH AREA OF NEW ZEALAND*
Authors: Hursthouse M. W. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe incidence of malignant melanoma in the Nelson‐Marlborough district of New Zealand (NZ) was surveyed for six years from October 1st, 1978, and classified according to type, sex and age of patient, site, level, whether excised by surgeon or general practitioner, and whether completely or incompletely excised at the first attempt.Results show an incidence in Nelson women higher than reported in other surveys and an overall incidence comparable with the highest previously reported in the world literature.
SKIN METASTASIS FROM RENAL CARCINOMA PRESENTING AS AN INFLAMMATORY LESION
Authors: Jevtic Andrew P. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe following paper describes a case of silent renal tumour, presenting with a cutaneous metastasis which had the appearance of an inflammatory lesion. Biopsy of the lesion did not provide a definitive diagnosis. Although disseminated malignancy was known to be present in this patient, the actual primary site of tumour was only found at postmortem.
CRYPTOCOCCAL INFECTION SIMULATING VARICELLA
Authors: Gordon Lynette A. , Gordon David L. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA case of systemic cryptococcal infection which presented with cutaneous lesions including facial papules and vesicles was initially diagnosed as varicella. The diverse cutaneous manifestations of cryptococcosis are discussed and the need for precise microbiological diagnosis of skin lesions in immunosuppressed patients is highlighted.
CALCIPHYLAXIS IN A RENAL DIALYSIS PATIENT WITH SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
Authors: Ramakrishna Banumathi , Pierides John , Disney Alexander P. S. , Dymock Robert B. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA fatal case of extensive skin ulceration and infarction with metastatic calcification in the cutis, subcutis, and vessels is presented in an Aboriginal woman with chronic renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Parathyroidectomy and debridement of skinulcers with grafting were performed, but the patient died of septicaemia. Heparin induced necrosis was considered in the differential diagnosis and excluded.
LASERS AND ADVANCED DERMATOLOGICAL INSTRUMENTATION
Authors: Groot Donald W. , Johnson Patricia A. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThis article is an overview of some of the most recent dermatological instrumentation available to physicians. With the global shift in dermatology towards comprehensive patient care, both medically and surgically, a dermatologist must be knowledgeable of the therapeutic alternatives offered by new electronic and photoelectronic modalities and appliances. The laser, ultra‐violet point irradiator. Infrared Coagulator®, ultrasound, high voltage galvanic stimulator, and other applicances such as the Ligmajec®, pressure syringe and Evan's oral scar reduction appliance are discussed.
AFRICAN TICK TYPHUS (MEDITERRANEAN SPOTTED FEVER) IN AUSTRALIAN TRAVELLERS
Authors: Grove David I. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryTwo cases of infection with Rickettsia conorii in Australian travellers returned from Africa are reported in order to heighten awareness of this condition. The major clinical features are fever, an eschar, and a maculopapular rash. Diagnostic methods and treatment with tetracyclines are reviewed.
FAMILY INFECTIONS WITH DERMATOPHYTES AN OVERLOOKED PROBLEM?
Authors: Crozier William J. , Coats Howard P. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryBetween 1 January 1981 and 21 March 1983, 336 cases of dermatophytosis were investigated. Family infections contributed 36 of these cases (10.7%) Enquiries were made to a sample of dermatologists who all reported husband‐wife tinea infections as extremely uncommon, however our study showed that the husband‐wife combination was present in 50% of cases of family infection. This suggested that, of every 100 cases of tinea, at least 5 will involve the husband‐wife combination. Trichophyton rubrum was the most common cause of family infections, as well as of all tinea cases investigated.
ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS TO NOOGOORA BURR AND BATHURST BURR
Authors: Fischer Gayle , Gow Elizabeth , Freeman Susanne 
Published: June 2007

SummaryAllergic contact dermatitis with positive patch testing has been identified to Noogoora Burr (Xanthium occidentale) and Bathurst Burr (Xanthium spinosum), members of the compositae family. These plants have been introduced into Australia from North America and are classified as noxious weeds. The patients presented with a dermatitis on exposed areas. The distribution and nature of the Xanthium species is described.
THE DISTRIBUTION OF MELANOCYTIC NAEVI IN MELANOMA PATIENTS AND CONTROL SUBJECTS
Authors: Kelly John W. , Holly Elizabeth A. , Shpall Steven N. , Ahn David K. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA study of 121 melanoma patients and 139 control subjects was conducted among whites to examine and compare the distribution of non‐dysplastic and dysplastic naevi and other pigmented lesions in each group. Melanoma patients had a mean of 97 melanocytic naevi which were greater than 2 mm in diameter and controls had a mean of 36 such naevi, while the medians were 58 and 22 respectively (p<0.0001). 55% of melanoma patients and 17% of controls had at least one clinically determined dysplastic naevus, and 26% of melanoma patients and 6% of controls had at least 5 dysplastic naevi. Men were found to have more naevi on the trunk than women in both melanoma cases (p=0.01), and controls (p=0.005). Dysplastic naevi were most often found on the trunk and were present at this location in 51% of cases and 77% of controls. Melanoma patients and control subjects with dysplastic naevi, when compared to those without these lesions, had larger number of non‐dysplastic naevi. Lentigines were more common among melanoma patients that among control subjects (p = 0.02). There were no differences in the number of non‐dysplastic naevi among cases with light and dark hair and eyes, or among controls with these characteristics. There also was little variation in the number of naevi according to number of blistering sunburns.
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA IN POROKERATOSIS IN TWO PATIENTS
Authors: ÖNeill A. , Commens C.A. , Kossard S. , Coats H. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryMalignancy arising in porokeratosès is a well recognised but infrequently reported complication. Histological studies suggest that malignancy arises from the abnormal clone of keratinocytes which produce the cornoid lamella. We report two cases of squamous cell carcinoma arising in porokeratoses and postulate genetic, environmental and host factors as important in the evolution of their malignancy.
GREVILLEA SPECIES AND HYBRIDS CAUSING CONTACT DERMATITIS
Authors: Lothian Noel 
Published: June 2007

SummaryOf the 250 or so species of these Grevillea, a small number of these species (within a specific section of the genus) and their associated hybrids have been recorded as causing contact dermatitis.A brief historical survey of the occurrence of contact dermatitis and the species responsible is given. Attention is drawn to the associated species, about which at the present time no information is available regarding their possible effect on man.Because one of the hybrids, G.x “Robyn Gordon” is an extremely popular garden plant which has been widely planted in various sites, attention is drawn to the likely trouble it may cause to those who come into actual contact with it.
ATTITUDES TOWARDS AND KNOWLEDGE OF OCCUPATIONAL SKIN DISEASE AMONGST SUPPORT PERSONNEL
Authors: Wall L.M. , Gebauer K.A. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryLiaison with support personnel is important in the management of workers with occupational skin disease (OSD). This study shows that there are many areas of concern regarding the knowledge and understanding of OSD in these groups. There needs to be a comprehensive education programme concerning OSD within the working community and support personnel. Dermatologists need to simplify their “language” in the reporting of OSD. Insurers need to take a more sympathetic attitude towards the partially fit worker. Rehabilitation personnel must become more familiar with OSD.
SWEET'S PANNICULITIS
Authors: Cullity J. , Maguire B. , Gebauer K. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryWe report the development of acute, tender, erythematous plaques in a 65 year old female with Myelodysplastic Syndrome transforming to Acute Myeloid Leukaemia. The clinical presentation strongly suggested Sweet's syndrome. Histopathological examination of the plaques showed a normal epidermis, dermal and subcutaneous oedema, and large numbers of polymorphs in the panniculus. The eruption responded quickly to systemic steroids, with recrudescence when steroid dosage was reduced. She remained symptom free when prednisolone dosage was reduced more slowly.
SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF MOMETASONE FUROATE CREAM IN THE TREATMENT OF STEROID RESPONSIVE DERMATOSES
Authors: Kelly John W. , Cains Geoffrey D. , Rallings Michael , Gilmore Stephen J. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe safety and efficacy of once daily application of mometasone furoate cream 0.1% was determined by comparison with twice daily applications of betamethasone dipropionate cream 0.05% in a single blind, dual centre, randomized study in patients with a variety of steroid‐responsive inflammatory dermatoses, the most common of which was psoriasis. Morning plasma cortisol levels revealed little adrenal suppression in either of the two study groups and there was no significant difference between the two groups. Routine laboratory investigations showed no trends in values outside the normal ranges that were of clinical significance. Less skin atrophy was seen in the group treated with mometasone furoate. In comparison to the betamethasone dipropionate treated group, those treated with mometasone furoate exhibited only slight evidence of skin atrophy, and this was not observed before four to twelve weeks of treatment. Eighteen percent of patients using mometasone reported adverse reactions but all were of limited duration and did not persist despite continued application of the drug. Nine percent of patients using betamethasone dipropionate reported adverse effects. Both drugs were found to be highly effective with no significant difference between the two groups at the termination of the treatment period. Of importance is the fact that whilst mometasone furoate is found to be a highly effective treatment for a variety of steroid‐responsive dermatoses, this drug has only a limited potential for production of local and systemic side effects. Thus, a high margin of safety can be expected for patients using this drug.
SERUM INTERLEUKIN ‐ 2 RECEPTOR LEVELS AND CUTANEOUS T‐CELL LYMPHOMA
Authors: Gilmore Stephen J. , Benson Elizabeth M. , Kelly John W. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe serum of twenty‐four patients with histopathological confirmation of cutaneous Tcell lymphoma, including three with Sezary's syndrome, and twenty age matched controls was examined for soluble interleukin‐2 receptor using a commercially available ELISA kit. Whilst there was no signficant difference in the mean concentration of the interleukin‐2 receptor between patients with mycosis fungoides and controls, six of twenty one patients had interleukin‐2 receptor levels outside the mean plus two standard deviations of the age matched cohort. Patients with Sezary's syndrome had markedly elevated levels of this receptor. Our data support a previous report suggesting serum levels of soluble interleukin‐2 receptor increase with advancing age, highlighting the need for age matched controls when studying soluble interleukin‐2 receptor levels in disease states.
THE MANAGEMENT OF VENOUS ULCERS OF THE LEGS
Authors: Riordan Christine A. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe first step in the management of venous leg ulcers is correct diagnosis of the ulcer as venous in type. Calf pump dysfunction and resultant increased venous pressure are significant factors in the pathogenesis of venous leg ulcers. Good management is aimed at correcting these. Exercise, elevation and compression are the most effective means of achieving this and form the mainstay of treatment. The use of topical preparations entails a high risk of sensitization and irritancy. If these develop, healing may be slowed by further damage to the ulcer tissue. Reducing the number of preparations used and avoiding the injudicious use of topical antibiotics minimises this risk. Frequent assessment of the ulcer is also essential. Once healed, prevention of recurrence is an integral part of correct management of venous leg ulcers.
SURVEY OF AUSTRALIAN ISOTRETINOIN PRESCRIBING
Authors: Lee May‐Lian , Cooper Alan 
Published: June 2007

SummaryIn Australia, dermatologists have been designated as the soleprescribers of isotretinoin* and thus we are in a unique position to audit national usage of the drug. Questionnaires were sent by the Australasian College of Dermatologists to all 204 practising Fellows in Australia. The aim was to study the number and type of patients treated with isotretinoin, the manner in which the drug is prescribed, adverse reactions and the number of pregnancies occurring during and after treatment. Judging from the 85% of questionnaires which were returned, isotretinoin is an effective and welt‐tolerated drug for the treatment of severe nodulocystic acne. In the five years that isotretinoin has been used in Australia, U pregnancies while taking the drug were reported. These pregnancies occurred despite exhaustive counselling by dermatologists and the patients being fully aware of the risks to the fetus and the need for adequate contraceptive measures. With one exception, all agreed to have a therapeutic abortion. There were two reports of congenital abnormalities after cessation of treatment, neither of which were thought to be related to isotretinoin.
ISOTRETINOIN: COST‐BENEFIT STUDY
Authors: Lee May‐Lian , Cooper Alan 
Published: June 2007

SummaryIsotretinoin is a well‐established, effective treatment for severe nodutocystic acne. An important consideration which may limit the prescription of isotretinoin is its cost. Based on a literature review, we have compared isotretinoin with the conventional combination of antibiotics and topical therapies for the treatment of severe nodulocystic acne in terms of cost and benefit. Our results show that when duration of treatment is considered, isotretinoin is cheaper and significantly more effective.