bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human Postthymic Precursor Cells in Health And Disease
Authors: Alarcón–Segovia Donato , Palacios Ronald 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman T cells are capable of forming rosettes with autologous erythrocytes (Tar cells) and behave as postthymic precursors. Thus, they generate Tγ and Tμ cells as well as suppression and spontaneous cytotoxicity and participate in a pokeweed mitogen‐driven system akin to that of feedback inhibition in which murine postthymic precursors participate. Tar cells were increased in 7 patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) compared to normal age/sex‐matched controls. Despite this increase of precursor cells, decreased Tγ cells and abrogation in the generation of suppression and of feedback inhibition were noted. These functional defects were not correctable with serum thymic factor but could be corrected by the addition of either allogenic Tμ or mononuclear cells depleted of Tar cells. Our findings suggest that the immunoregulatory T cell circuits in MCTD may be adequate both in postthymic precursor cells and in the thymic factor prompting. They are probably abnormal either at the site of Tμ signaling to Tar cells in feedback inhibition or in the Tμ reception of suppressor signals from Tγ cells. The decrease of Tγ cells in MCTD could be due to the decreased stimulus from feedback inhibition and/or to the penetration of anti‐ribonucleoprotein antibody. Abnormalities of immunoregulatory T cell circuits in MCTD are quite different from those found previously in systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, and rheumatoid arthritis. These differences support the notion that MCTD is a distinct entity.
Defective monocyte cytotoxicity in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Barada Franc A. , O'Brien William , Horwitz David A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cytotoxic activities of human blood mononuclear cells against certain established cell lines were evaluated prospectively in 17 patients with rheumatoid arthritis before and after treatment with low (150 mg per week) and moderate doses (300 mg per week) of levamisole. Spontaneous or “natural” killer activity (NK) and antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of plastic adherent cells (“monocytes”) and lymphocytes were studied. We report a selective cytotoxic defect in monocyte NK and a correlation of this defect with severely active disease. The patients with the most severe defect responded to low‐dose levamisole, but others with normal values did not respond as well to treatment. This cytotoxic defect may be an important pathogenetic factor in rheumatoid arthritis and this new assay may be helpful in selecting candidates who are most likely to respond to levamisole.
Different molecular forms of fibronectin in rheumatoid synovial fluid
Authors: Clemmensen Inge , Bach Andersen R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe concentration of fibronectin in rheumatoid synovial fluid was found to be 2–3 times higher than in the corresponding plasma. Normal plasma revealed a homogeneous precipitate by cross‐immunoelectrophoresis using antifibronectin, while rheumatoid plasma and rheumatoid synovial fluid exhibited a heterogeneous precipitate. The heterogeneous precipitate in rheumatoid plasma was found to be a complex between fibronectin and fibrinogen as evidenced by cross‐immunoelectrophoresis. Synovial fluid fibronectin demonstrated a lower molecular weight by gelfiltration on Sepharose CL6B than did normal plasma fibronectin. We suggest that the presence of degraded fibronectin in rheumatoid synovial fluid may be the result of either the degradation of fibrin–fibronectin complexes or the destruction of matrix fibronectin from the synovial tissue.
Free versus bound salicylate concentration in adults and children with chronic inflammatory joint disease
Authors: Costello Patrick B. , Green Floyd A. , Jung Chan Y. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSalicylate (SA) binding to albumin in purified human serum albumin (HSA) solutions was found to be predictably dependent on the concentrations of albumin and total SA. The influence of the presence of other ligands on SA binding in HSA solutions was measured and, in the case of bound fatty acids, free fractions of SA were increased by up to 100%. In sharp contrast, the free fraction of SA present in sera from patients with arthritis who were on long‐term aspirin (ASA) therapy was roughly twice that found in HSA solutions. A correlation between serum concentrations of free SA and albumin was evident in sera from one group of children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (r = −0.75) but was not seen in sera from the other patients. This would indicate that in vivo, the albumin level is not the sole, or, in some patients, even the dominant determinant of the free fraction of SA. Additional factors such as fatty acids and other hydrophobic ligands, both endogenous and exogenous, should be studied further, especially in adults.
Correction of a suppressor cell deficiency and amelioration of familial mediterranean fever by hemodialysis
Authors: Ilfeld David , Weil Shulamit , Kuperman Oded 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe tested the clinical and immunoregulatory effects of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis on a patient with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), amyloidosis, and chronic renal failure. His frequency of FMF attacks during maintenance hemodialysis (no attacks in 21 months) was significantly less than during conservative medical therapy (10 attacks in 14 months, P < 0.00002) or during intermittent peritoneal dialysis (3 attacks in 4 months, P < 0.004). His mean (±SE) percentage suppressor cell function was significantly (P < 0.001) higher during hemodialysis (53 ± 5) than during conservative medical therapy (4 ± 3) or during peritoneal dialysis (2 ± 7) and was similar to the healthy untreated volunteers (46 ± 3). This suggests that his suppressor cell deficiency may be associated with the pathogenesis of his disease. One possible mechanism by which hemodialysis ameliorates FMF may be the correction of a suppressor cell abnormality.
Immunohistochemical findings in cranial arteritis
Authors: Gallagher Patrick , Jones Karen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cause of cranial arteritis is unknown, but the demonstration of immunoglobulin and complement in temporal artery biopsies by immunofluorescence suggests that it may be a disease of disordered immunity. Because of the inevitable problems of histologic interpretation associated with the fluorescent technique, 15 temporal artery biopsies from patients with active arteritis were examined by an immunoperoxidase method. Varying amounts of IgA, IgG, and IgM were identified in plasma cells and macrophages. Extracellular IgG was identified in 1 case, but there was no staining for complement. These findings provide no support for the concept of cranial arteritis as a form of immune complex vasculitis.
T cell leukemia presenting as chronic polyarthritis
Authors: Van Soesbergen Renée M. , Feltkamp‐Vroom Thea M. , Feltkamp Constance A. , Somers Reinier , Van Beek Wim P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractT cell leukemia was detected in a woman who suffered from chronic polyarthritis. The peripheral blood leukocytes were increased in number and consisted of lymphocytes, 95% of which could be identified as T lymphocytes. T cell infiltration was found in the bone marrow, the synovial fluid, and tissue, and in nodules macroscopically resembling rheumatoid skin lesions. Further investigation of these cells by enzyme chemistry, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and cytochemistry revealed that they had irregularly indented nuclei, no alpha‐naphthyl acetate esterase activity, and only faint granular acid‐phosphatase activity. The cells were negative for Ia‐like antigen and surface immunoglobulin. Analysis of the cell surface glycopeptides showed the presence of abnormally enlarged carbohydrate structures. These data suggest that these leukemic T cells are a malignant equivalent of immature T cells.
In vitro conditions affecting the synthesis of sulfated proteoglycans by normal and rheumatoid synovial cells in culture
Authors: Marsh Joanne M. , Roback David W. , Ross Garry T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn vitro conditions affecting synthesis of sulfated proteoglycans by cell suspensions derived from monolayer cell cultures of normal and rheumatoid synovial tissue were examined. The capacity of cells to synthesize proteoglycans was estimated by the incorporation of 35S–sulfate into cetylpyridinium chloride–precipitable material. Synthesis of sulfated proteoglycans was maximal during log phase, and after 2–3 hours of recovery from disaggregation. Normal synovial cells appeared to be more sensitive to changes in serum concentration than were rheumatoid synovial cells, but rheumatoid synovial cells were more sensitive to changes in cell density. The proportion of newly synthesized extracellular proteoglycans increased with the duration of incubation in 35S–sulfate.
Immunity to homologous type III collagen after partial meniscectomy and sham surgery in rabbits
Authors: Champion Brian R. , Poole A. Robin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCellular immunity to rabbit types I, II, and III collagen was detected after both partial medial meni‐scectomy and sham operations in rabbits when an in vitro 3H‐thymidine incorporation assay was used. The blastogenic responses were commonly directed toward peptides derived from collagens by cyanogen bromide cleavage used to mimic proteinase degradation products. The responses to type III collagen peptides were by far the strongest and were seen in most rabbits that were operated on. We suggest that the responses to types I and II collagen were caused by a cross‐reaction with type III collagen peptides. This conclusion was supported by the observation that spleen cells from rabbits directly immunized with homologous type III collagen peptides in Freund's complete adjuvant responded strongly to the immunizing peptides and also cross‐reacted with types I and II collagen peptides. Immunity to cartilage proteoglycans was observed primarily in rabbits that had undergone meniscectomy and had severe cartilage degeneration. These results indicated that immunity to collagens will develop merely as a result of joint surgery, whereas immunity to proteoglycans is largely dependent upon an osteoarthritic lesion.
Palindromic onset of rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical, synovial fluid, and biopsy studies
Authors: Schumacher H. Ralph 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFive patients had episodic arthritis consistent with palindromic rheumatism that evolved into definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis after 1 or more years. Synovial effusions during palindromic episodes had various leukocyte counts; mononuclear cells predominated in 4 patients. Neither these effusions nor needle synovial biopsies that showed subacute superficial inflammation and microvascular disease allowed any prediction that the disease would evolve into rheumatoid arthritis. Electron‐dense deposits in vessel walls suggested circulating immune complexes. There was also prominent, unidentified debris in vessel walls and in phagocytic vacuoles, which might also be important in pathogenesis.
Genetic predictors of patient response and side effects in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with a high dose nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug regimen
Authors: Semble Elliott , Metcalf Douglas , Turner Robert , Agudelo Carlos , Pisko Edward , Johnson A. Myron , Heise Eugene 
Published: February 2007

AbstractClinical, laboratory, genetic, and radiologic studies were evaluated for 18 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who were treated for a mean of 16.6 months with a regimen involving supplementary aspirin and piroxicam, an investigational, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent. Although improvement in disease activity was seen, progression was evident on successive radiographs. Disease activity was not associated with the presence of any of the genetic markers. Peptic ulcers developed in 33% of patients, all of whom had type O blood. ABO blood typing may therefore be useful in patients with rheumatoid arthritis before consideration of therapy with potentially ulcerogenic drugs.
Use of monoclonal antibodies to analyze peripheral blood and salivary gland lymphocyte subsets in sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Fox Robert I. , Carstens Scott A. , Fong Sherman , Robinson Charles A. , Howell Frank , Vaughan John H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUsing monoclonal antibodies to cell surface antigens, we studied lymphocyte subsets in 15 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. The absolute number of OKT8‐positive cells (reactive with T suppressor/cytotoxic cells) was significantly decreased in such patients (353 ± 186/mm3) compared to age‐matched controls (631 ± 150/mm3) (P<0.001). The number of OKT4‐positive cells (reactive with T helper/inducer cells) was comparable in both groups (932 ± 588/mm3 versus 1.073 ± 290/mm3). The ratio of OKT4/OKT8‐reactive peripheral blood lymphocytes was increased (>2.4) in 67% of these patients and ranged from 1.0 to 6.4 (normal = 1.8 ± 0.3). OKT4‐positive cells were the predominant subset in lip biopsy specimens stained with immunofluorescence or immunoperoxidase techniques; the OKT4/OKT8 ratio exceeded 3.0 in all 5 patients examined. In 1 patient with pseudolymphoma, a lymph node biopsy specimen contained 80% T cells with an OKT4/OKT8 ratio of 3.2. Thus, OKT4‐positive cells predominated in the peripheral blood lymphocytes as well as in sites of inflammation in primary Sjögren's syndrome. The decreased number of OKT8‐positive cells in primary Sjögren's syndrome was probably not caused by circulating autoantibody, since patients' sera did not react with normal OKT8‐positive cells. Functional studies using pokeweed mitogen demonstrated that T helper cell activity for immunoglobulin synthesis was contained in the OKT4‐positive subset in both normal and patients' peripheral blood lymphocytes. Removal of OKT8‐positive cells by complement‐mediated lysis did not lead to increased immunoglobulin synthesis or production of rheumatoid factor. The identification of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets by use of monoclonal antibodies and the relationship of these subsets to tissue infiltrates and autoantibody production provide further insight into the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren's syndrome.
Oropharyngeal epstein‐barr virus excretion in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Depper Joel M. , Zvaifler Nathan J. , Bluestein Harry G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe hypothesized that the defective cellular regulation of Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) might be reflected in an increased rate of oropharyngeal virus excretion, but we found that the prevalence of excretion in 45 RA patients (22%) did not differ from 45 age‐ and sex‐matched non‐RA patients (24%) who were taking similar medications. Increased excretion rates correlated with corticosteroid therapy and male sex, but not with age or serum levels of EBV antibodies.
An analysis of the american rheumatism association criteria for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Mitchell Donald M. , Fries James F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWhen a community‐derived population of 840 rheumatoid arthritis patients was used to test the American Rheumatism Association's 11 diagnostic criteria for rheumatoid arthritis, these criteria divided patients into 3 reasonably distinct classifications (probable, definite, and classic). The severity of disease increased in direct proportion to the number of positive criteria. Three criteria involve invasive procedures that are rarely performed; they are unnecessary for effective use of the other 8 criteria. Although 256 possible combinations of these 8 criteria exist, the criteria function principally to classify patients into only 7 major clinical syndromes, each of which corresponds to a major clinical presentation. By identifying the logical interrelationships between criteria in this report, we have confirmed their applicability and provided insight into the manner by which criteria classify patients.
Further characterization of a neutral metalloprotease isolated from human articular cartilage
Authors: Sapolsky Asher I. , Howell David S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe neutral metalloprotease extracted from 1,200 gm of human articular cartilage was purified 1,400‐ to 2,400‐fold by diethylaminoethyl‐ and carboxymethyl‐Sephadex chromatography. Disc electrophoresis and an isoelectric focusing method resolved the neutral enzyme activity into 4 bands. All bands had a similar amino acid analysis and a similar molecular weight by sodium dodecylsulfate electrophoresis and gel filtration: 24,000–27,000 daltons. The enzyme degraded proteoglycan subunit and proteoglycan aggregate to products with a sedimentation coefficient of 3S, but at low dilutions the enzyme produced 19.3S fragments. It is postulated that this protease may contribute to the development of osteoarthritis from within the cartilage matrix.
Reproducibility studies for anti‐DNA antibody detection in systemic lupus erythematosus and related diseases. Fiax fluorometric immunoassay and farr radioimmunoassay
Authors: Berne Bernard H. , Deblock Kathryn T. , Lawless Oliver J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe compared the FIAX fluorometric immunoassay for antiDNA antibodies with a Farr radio‐immunoassay. Neither was precise; coefficients of variation usually exceeded 10%. The 2 assays correlated well (r = 0.87). Both were almost completely specific for systemic lupus erythematosus and identified similar numbers of sera with elevated antiDNA levels. FIAX was faster, simpler, and safer. It appears preferable to the Farr assay and probably to all other antiDNA assays currently used in clinical situations, although its reproducibility needs improvement.
Immunopathology of rheumatic pericarditis
Authors: Persellin Scott T. , Ramirez German , Moatamed Farhad 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImmunologic mechanisms have been implicated in the endocarditis, myocarditis, and arthritis of acute rheumatic fever. However, pericarditis, a major manifestation of acute rheumatic fever with a clinical incidence of 5–10%, has not been studied. We have evaluated a patient who had this febrile disease with arthritis and pericarditis. Pericardial tissue showed extensive deposition of IgG, IgM, and C3 both on the pericardial surface and within the walls of pericardial blood vessels. Our findings of immunoglobulins and complement within the inflamed pericardium suggest an immune‐mediated mechanism for the pericarditis of acute rheumatic fever.
Partial reversal by beta‐d‐xyloside of salicylate‐induced inhibition of glycosaminoglycan synthesis in articular cartilage
Authors: Palmoski Marshall J. , Brandt Kenneth D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWhile net 35S‐glycosaminoglycan synthesis in normal canine articular cartilage was suppressed by 10−3M sodium salicylate to about 70% of the control value, addition of xyloside (10−6M–10−3M) to the salicy‐late‐treated cultures led to a concentration‐dependent increase in glycosaminoglycan synthesis, which rose to 120–237% of controls. Similar results were obtained when 3H‐glucosamine was used to measure glycosaminoglycan synthesis, confirming that salicylate suppresses and xyloside stimulates net glycosaminoglycan synthesis, and not merely sulfation. Salicylate (10−3M) did not affect the activity of xylosyl or galactosyl transferase prepared from canine knee cartilage, and net protein synthesis was unaltered by either salicylate or xyloside. The proportion of newly synthesized proteoglycans existing as aggregates when cartilage was cultured with xyloside was similar to that in controls, although the average hydrodynamic size of disaggregated proteoglycans and of sulfated glycosaminoglycans was diminished.
COMPARISON of five assays for immune complexes in the RHEUMATIC DISEASES. An Assessment of Their Validity for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: McDougal J. Steven , Hubbard Marjorie , Mcduffie Frederic C. , Strobel Phyllis L. , Smith S. Jay , Bass Noah , Goldman John A. , Hartman Sanford , Myerson Gary , Miller Stephen , Morales Rafael , Wilson C. H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractClinical assessment (disease activity, severity, and extraarticular manifestations) of 101 rheumatoid arthritis patients was correlated with several laboratory tests, including 5 immune complex assays: the bovine conglutinin, 125I–C1q binding, monoclonal rheumatoid factor inhibition, Raji cell, and staphylococci binding assays. Elevated disease activity indices were most closely associated with the presence of immune complexes detected by the 125I–C1q and staphylococci binding assays. There were significant but weak correlations between the level of disease activity and the level of immune complexes as measured by the bovine conglutinin, 125I–C1q binding, Raji cell, and staphylococci binding assays. Articular disease severity, as measured by anatomic stage, was best discriminated by the bovine conglutinin, monoclonal rheumatoid factor inhibition, and staphylococci binding assays. Extraarticular manifestations were best discriminated by the Raji cell and staphylococci binding assays. We concluded that the sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, and overlap of the associations were not sufficient to warrant their wide use for the diagnosis and management of rheumatoid arthritis in individual patients. Conversely, the 125I–C1q and staphylococci binding assays were as good as the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and the IgG rheumatoid factor test (the 2 best tests of many examined) in assessing disease activity. Further prospective studies with these assays will determine their usefulness in following rheumatoid arthritis for a prolonged period.
The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Tan Eng M. , Cohen Alan S. , Fries James F. , Masi Alfonse T. , Mcshane Dennis J. , Rothfield Naomi F. , Schaller Jane Green , Talal Norman , Winchester Robert J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe 1971 preliminary criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were revised and updated to incorporate new immunologic knowledge and improve disease classification. The 1982 revised criteria include fluorescence antinuclear antibody and antibody to native DNA and Sm antigen. Some criteria involving the same organ systems were aggregated into single criteria. Raynaud's phenomenon and alopecia were not included in the 1982 revised criteria because of low sensitivity and specificity. The new criteria were 96% sensitive and 96% specific when tested with SLE and control patient data gathered from 18 participating clinics. When compared with the 1971 criteria, the 1982 revised criteria showed gains in sensitivity and specificity.
Molecular characterization of ribonucleoprotein antigens bound by antinuclear antibodies. A diagnostic evaluation
Authors: Matter L. , Schopfer K. , Wilhelm J. A. , Nyffenegger T. , Parisot R. F. , De Robertis E. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe specificity of antinuclear antibodies in sera from 54 patients with various rheumatic diseases was analyzed by immunoprecipitation of 32P‐ or 35S‐methionine‐labeled HeLa cell extracts. Of 35 sera giving a speckled and/or homogeneous immunofluorescence pattern in rat liver nuclei, 20 contained antibodies to nuclear ribonucleoproteins, which are defined by their ribonucleic acid and protein components. Four sera reacted with a nuclear antigen (Ga) which has not been described so far. Of 19 sera with antinucleolar antibodies, 18 did not react with nuclear or nucleolar ribonucleoproteins. Correlation of these molecularly defined antinuclear antibody specificities with immunofluorescence patterns and rheumatic diseases is discussed.