bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute stress response and recovery after whiplash injuries. A one‐year prospective study
Authors: Kongsted Alice , Bendix Tom , Qerama Erisela , Kasch Helge , Bach Flemming W. , Korsholm Lars , Jensen Troels S. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractChronic whiplash‐associated disorder (WAD) represents a major medical and psycho‐social problem. The typical symptomatology presented in WAD is to some extent similar to symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder. In this study we examined if the acute stress reaction following a whiplash injury predicted long‐term sequelae. Participants with acute whiplash‐associated symptoms after a motor vehicle accident were recruited from emergency units and general practitioners. The predictor variable was the sum score of the impact of event scale (IES) completed within 10 days after the accident. The main outcome‐measures were neck pain and headache, neck disability, general health, and working ability one year after the accident. A total of 737 participants were included and completed the IES, and 668 (91%) participated in the 1‐year follow‐up. A baseline IES‐score denoting a moderate to severe stress response was obtained by 13% of the participants. This was associated with increased risk of considerable persistent pain (OR=3.3; 1.8–5.9), neck disability (OR=3.2; 1.7–6.0), reduced working ability (OR=2.8; 1.6–4.9), and lowered self‐reported general health one year after the accident. These associations were modified by baseline neck pain intensity. It was not possible to distinguish between participants who recovered and those who did not by means of the IES (AUC=0.6). In conclusion, the association between the acute stress reaction and persistent WAD suggests that post traumatic stress reaction may be important to consider in the early management of whiplash injury. However, the emotional response did not predict chronicity in individuals.
Lumbar transplantation of immortalized enkephalin‐expressing astrocytes attenuates chronic neuropathic pain
Authors: Xu Ying , Tian Xue‐bi , An Ke , Yang Hui , Tian Yu‐Ke 
Published: October 2007

AbstractChronic neuropathic pain is a common symptom in clinical practice and patients with chronic pain are subject to a greatly impaired quality of life. Grafted genetically‐modified cells secreting enkephalin have been considered an encouraging treatment for chronic pain. Importantly, the transplanted cell as a therapeutic agent should be reproducible, safe, and controllable. In this study, by combining a tetracycline‐controlled (Tet‐on) gene expression system and immortalized astrocytes, we attempted to engineer an immortalized astrocyte line carrying the human preproenkephalin gene (IASL/hPPE) under the transcriptional control of doxycycline. These cells were then implanted into the subarachnoid space of chronic constrictive injury (CCI) rats and their analgesic potential was investigated by behavioral tests. The results showed that the secretion of enkephalin from IASL/hPPE cells could be switched on and off under the regulation of doxycycline in a dose‐dependent manner. In addition, the mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia induced by CCI was significantly alleviated during the 2–7week period after grafts of IASL/hPPE cells and the analgesic effect could be regulated by doxycycline. Moreover, spinal enkephalin level could be modulated by the presence or absence of doxycycline in drinking water. Taken together, these data suggest that regulatable release of enkephalin from transplanted cells near the spinal dorsal horn was able to reverse the development of chronic neuropathic pain. Although improvements in the Tet‐on system are necessary, this may provide an alternative approach for ex vivo cell transplantation to treat chronic pain.
3D forward modeling of vector field for induction logging problems
Authors: Epov M.I. , Shurina E.P. , Nechaev O.V. 
Published: October 2007

Abstract
TEM responses in an inhomogeneous medium are modeled in 3D using the vector finite element method for induction logging in petroleum wells. The algorithm is applied to HFIL diagrams obtained in wells that tap thinly laminated formations with regard to the true position of logging tools.
Detailed biostratigraphy of Triassic deposits in the Lena lower reaches (northern Yakutia)
Authors: Konstantinov A.G. , Sobolev E.S. , Yadrenkin A.V. 
Published: October 2007

Abstract
Triassic sections of the Lena lower reaches (northern Yakutia) were studied. Stratigraphy and paleontology of the Triassic deposits were refined and described in detail, and their age was constrained by different fauna groups. The first detailed local Triassic biostratigraphic scheme is reported, which includes ammonoid, nautiloid, and bivalve zones and subzones and foraminifer beds. The scheme is compared with the Canadian Triassic Zonal and Standard (International) Scales.
Enhancement of edges of Sidi Chennane phosphate “disturbances” using sunshading responses of resistivity data
Authors: Bakkali Saad 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSunshading is a powerful tool for the enhancement of edges in images. Given the azimuth and elevation of a source illumination, it calculates the reflectance from a surface which is composed of the data to be interpreted. It is a standard tool used in the interpretation of geophysical potential field data. In the great Oulad Abdoun phosphate basin, inclusions of sterile hardpan — so-called “disturbances” — are hard to detect as they interfere with phosphates. Their resistivity is above 200 Ohm⋅m against 80 to 150 Ohm⋅m for a phosphate-rich mineral. A Schlumberger resistivity survey over an area of 50 hectares was carried out. The geologic setting was successfully modeled on the basis of sunshaded maps of disturbances. A new field procedure was tested to deal with the extended edges of anomalous zones of phosphate deposit disturbances. Phosphate reserves were estimated more reliably.
Stratotype of the Chaya Formation of the Akitkan Group in the North Baikal volcanoplutonic belt: age and time of sedimentation
Authors: Donskaya T.V. , Mazukabzov A.M. , Bibikova E.V. , Gladkochub D.P. , Didenko A.N. , Kirnozova T.I. , Vodovozov V.Yu. , Stanevich A.M. 
Published: October 2007

Abstract
With U-Pb zircon dating, we determined the age of rhyodacites composing sedimentary covers among coarse-terrigenous rocks of the lowermost Chaya Formation of the Akitkan Group (North Baikal volcanoplutonic belt). These rocks are considered to have formed during the sedimentation. The dates (1863±9 Ma) permitted estimation of the age of basal beds of the Chaya Formation and substantiate the age boundary between the Khibelen and Chaya Formations of the Akitkan Group. The determined age and earlier dates of igneous rocks intruding the Chaya Formation deposits suggest that the latter accumulated for ~10 Myr.
The use of ‘bomb spike’ calibration and high-precision AMS 14C analyses to date salt-marsh sediments deposited during the past three centuries
Authors: Marshall William A. , Gehrels W. Roland , Garnett Mark H. , Freeman Stewart P.H.T. , Maden Colin , Xu Sheng 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA combination of ‘bomb spike’ calibration and conventional calibration of AMS 14C dating has been used to determine a detailed age-depth model for a 1-m sediment section collected from a salt marsh in Poole Harbour, southern England. These data were compared with the chronology obtained from 210Pb analysis and 137Cs age markers. We report post bomb values of over 1.46 F14C (> 146% modern 14C), and both the rising and falling limbs of the atmospheric ‘bomb spike’ are identified. Five pre-bomb samples were analysed using multi-target high-precision 2‰ AMS analysis, and after the replicates were combined the one-sigma uncertainty was as low as ± 9 14C yr on some ages. These data, and an additional three normal-precision pre-bomb 14C samples, were calibrated using CALIB 5.0 and the chronology constrained using the ‘prior knowledge’ of independent age markers obtained from the analysis of pollen and spheroidal carbonaceous particle (SCPs). No agreement was found between the 14C ‘bomb spike’ dates and the CRS 210Pb chronology modelled for this sequence. In addition, poor agreement was found between the signal of the 1960s weapons test fallout indicated by the 14C ‘bomb spike’ dates and the timing suggested by the 137Cs data. This disagreement is attributed to the influence of the local discharge of 137Cs from the former UKAEA site at Winfrith. We use our new chronology to confirm the existence of an acceleration in sedimentation rates in Poole Harbour during the last 100 yr previously reported for this site by Long et al. (Long, A.J., Scaife, R.G., Edwards, R.J. 1999. Pine Pollen in intertidal sediments from Poole Harbour, UK; implications for late-Holocene sediment accretion rates and sea-level rise. Quaternary International, 55, 3–16.), and conclude that ‘bomb spike’ 14C calibration dating may offer a more robust alternative to the use of 210Pb chronologies for dating sediment deposition in salt-marsh environments. In addition, we demonstrate how the use of high-precision AMS analysis has the potential for reducing some of the uncertainties involved in the high-resolution dating of recent salt-marsh sediments.
The -675 4G/5G polymorphism at the Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) gene modulates plasma Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 concentrations in response to dietary fat consumption
Authors: Pérez-Martínez P. , Adarraga-Cansino M. D. , Fernández de la Puebla R. A. , Blanco-Molina A. , Delgado-Lista J. , Marín C. , Ordovás J. M. , López-Miranda J. , Pérez-Jiménez F. 
Published: October 2007

The objective of the study was to determine whether Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 (PAI-1) -675 4G/5G polymorphism is associated with the response of functional plasma PAI-1 concentrations to changes in the amount and quality of dietary fat in healthy subjects. PAI-1 is the major inhibitor of fibrinolysis, and a lower level of fibrinolytic activity could be implicated in an increased risk of IHD. Fifty-nine healthy Spanish volunteers (ten 4G/4G homozygotes, twenty-eight heterozygotes 4G/5G and twenty-one 5G/5G homozygotes) consumed three diets for periods of 4 weeks each: a SFA-rich diet (38 % fat, 20 % SFA), followed by a carbohydrate-rich diet (30 % fat, 55 % carbohydrate) and a MUFA-rich diet (38 % fat, 22 % MUFA) according to a randomized crossover design. At the end of each dietary period plasma lipid and functional plasma PAI-1 concentrations were determined. Subjects carrying the 4G allele (4G/4G and 4G/5G) showed a significant decrease in PAI-1 concentrations after the MUFA diet, compared with the SFA-rich and carbohydrate-rich diets (genotype × diet interaction:P = 0·028). 5G/5G homozygotes had the lowest plasma PAI-1 concentrations compared with 4G/4G and 4G/5G subjects (genotype:P = 0·002), without any changes as a result of the amount and the quality of the dietary fat. In summary, no differences in plasma PAI-1 concentration response were found after changes in dietary fat intake in 5G/5G homozygotes, although these subjects displayed the lowest concentrations of PAI-1. On the other hand, carriers of the 4G allele are more likely to hyper-respond to the presence of MUFA in the diet because of a greater decrease in PAI-1 concentrations.
Time trend analysis of otological procedures performed in England, 1989 to 2005
Authors: Hari C K , Powell R , Weiner G M 
Published: October 2007

AbstractObjective:To observe trends in the number of major otological procedures performed in England, in the context of advances in the understanding of disease.Methods:The data used were obtained from the Hospital Episode Statistics statistical database, published by the UK Department of Health, for England, 1989 to 2005. Specific otological procedures were identified using the Classification of Surgical Operations and Procedures system (fourth revision) of the Office of Population, Censuses and Surveys. Trend analysis of different procedures was performed using exponential smoothing (using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 13 software).Results:Our study did not confirm any reduction in the number of surgical procedures performed for cholesteatoma or otosclerosis. We noted a sharp decline in the number of endolymphatic sac surgical procedures performed, probably attributable to the increased use of intratympanic therapy.Conclusion:The number of major otological procedures (other than endolymphatic sac surgery) was consistent over the period examined. The generally perceived reduction in the number of procedures performed by individual surgeons may be due to a dilutional effect. This can only support the need for subspecialisation, particularly regarding the training of junior surgeons.
Gorlin's syndrome presenting with myolipoma of tongue base
Authors: Barker L , Lo S , Sudderick R 
Published: October 2007

AbstractObjective:We report the first case of tongue base myolipoma associated with Gorlin's syndrome.Method:Case report and review of world literature.Results:A 39-year-old man with known Gorlin's syndrome presented with progressive dysphagia. Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging scan and biopsy confirmed the rare diagnosis of myolipoma arising from the tongue base. In view of the benign nature of this mass, it was debulked rather than completely excised in order to preserve swallowing function.Conclusion:To our knowledge, this is the first report of the coexistence of two rare conditions in an atypical fashion. This case appears to represent a new variant in the broad spectrum of features of Gorlin's syndrome.
Primary B-cell lymphoma presenting as bilateral ear lobule swelling
Authors: Sharma A K , Chatterjee S , Sharma V L 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe report a rare case of primary B-cell lymphoma presenting as bilateral ear lobule swelling. A 56-year-old white man presented with a one-year history of painless swelling of both ear lobules. An excision biopsy confirmed B-cell lymphoma. Detailed systemic investigation confirmed the primary nature of the tumour. This tumour is rare in the ear lobule. A review of the English literature revealed no previously reported case of bilateral primary ear lobule involvement. Clinicians should be aware that this tumour can present as a primary in the ear lobules.
Sedimentological signatures of the sub-Amery Ice Shelf circulation
Authors: Hemer M.A. , Post A.L. , O'Brien P.E. , Craven M. , Truswell E.M. , Roberts D. , Harris P.T. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractTwo sediment cores collected from beneath the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica describe the physical sedimentation patterns beneath an existing major embayed ice shelf. Core AM01b was collected from a site of basal freezing, contrasting with core AM02, collected from a site of basal melting. Both cores comprise Holocene siliceous muddy ooze (SMO), however, AM01b also recovered interbedded siliciclastic mud, sand and gravel with inclined bedding in its lower 27 cm. This interval indicates an episode of variable but strong current activity before SMO sedimentation became dominant. 14C ages corrected for old surface ages are consistent with previous dating of marine sediments in Prydz Bay. However, the basal age of AM01b of 28250 ± 230 14C yr bp probably results from greater contamination by recycled organic matter. Lithology, 14C surface ages, absolute diatom abundance, and the diatom assemblage are used as indicators of sediment transport pathways beneath the ice shelf. The transport pathways suggested from these indicators do not correspond to previous models of the basal melt/freeze pattern. This indicates that the overturning baroclinic circulation beneath the Amery Ice Shelf (near-bed inflow–surface outflow) is a more important influence on basal melt/freeze and sediment distributions than the barotropic circulation that produces inflow in the east and outflow in the west of the ice front. Localized topographic (ice draft and bed elevation) variations are likely to play a dominant role in the resulting sub-ice shelf melt and sediment distribution.
A mathematical model for variation in water-retention curves among sandy soils
Authors: Hunt H.W. , Treonis A.M. , Wall D.H. , Virginia R.A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractEquations were developed to predict soil matric potential as a function of soil water content, texture and bulk density in sandy soils. The equations were based on the additivity hypothesis - that water-retention of a whole soil depends on the proportions of several particle size fractions, each with fixed water-retention characteristics. The new model is an advancement over previously published models in that it embodies three basic properties of water-retention curves: a) matric potential is zero at saturation water content, b) matric potential approaches -∞ as water content approaches zero, and c) volumetric water content in dry soil is proportional to bulk density. Values of model parameters were taken from the literature, or estimated by fitting model predictions to data for sandy soils with low organic matter content. Most of the variation in water-release curves in the calibration data was explained by texture, with negligible effects of bulk density and sand particle size. The model predicted that variation in clay content among soils within the sand and loamy sand textural classes had substantial effects on water-retention curves. An understanding of how variation in texture among sandy soils contributes to matric potential is necessary for interpreting biological activity in arid environments.
Treatment Response in Child Anxiety is Differentially Related to the Form of Maternal Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Cooper Peter J. , Gallop Catherine , Willetts Lucy , Creswell Cathy 
Published: October 2007

AbstractAn examination was made of the extent to which maternal anxiety predicted response to treatment of children presenting with an anxiety disorder. In a sample of 55 children referred to a local NHS CAMH service for treatment of an anxiety disorder, systematic mental state interview assessment was made of both mothers and children, and both completed self-report questionnaires to assess aspects of anxiety, both immediately before the children received treatment and following treatment. Children of mothers with anxiety disorder overall responded less well to treatment than children of mothers with no anxiety disorder. There was some diagnostic specificity in this in that children of mothers with GAD did as well in treatment as children whose mothers had no anxiety, whereas children of mothers with social phobia did poorly. The outcome for children with anxiety appears to be related to the presence and nature of maternal anxiety. It would seem prudent that treatment of children with anxiety involves assessment of maternal anxiety. It is important to establish in systematic investigation whether treatment of maternal anxiety improves the outcome for child anxiety.
Supplementation of dietary long-chain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids high in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) increases plasma DHA concentration and may increase trot stride lengths in horses
Authors: Woodward A D , Nielsen B D , O'Connor C I , Skelly C D , Webel S K , Orth M W 
Published: October 2007

AbstractTwelve mature and six 2-year-old Arabian horses were used to determine the effect of dietary long-chain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on plasma fatty acids and lameness. Lameness scores and stride lengths were measured on day 0. Horses were striated and pair-matched according to age, gender, stride length and, for mature horses, lameness score, and each horse was fed either a treatment diet containing 5.95 g of stabilized omega-3 fatty acids plus a fat carrier (FA), for a total of 19.4 g fat, or a control diet containing 49 g of corn oil (CO) for 75 days. Horses were exercised 5 d week− 1, and blood samples were drawn and body weights recorded on days 0, 25, 50 and 75. Lameness scores and stride lengths were recorded again on day 75. Total plasma omega-3 fatty acid concentrations were higher on all days in FA horses than in CO horses. Total plasma omega-6 fatty acids increased from days 0 to 25, remained elevated through day 50 and returned to baseline on day 75 in all horses. The ratio of plasma omega-6:omega-3 fatty acids was lower in FA horses. Horses on FA had increased plasma docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on days 25, 50 and 75. No difference in walk stride length was noted; however, FA horses tended to have a longer trot stride after supplementation when compared with CO horses. No differences were seen in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) metabolite or tumour necrosis factor-α as measured in blood serum. In summary, supplementing omega-3 fatty acids increases plasma DHA, although there was no overall increase in omega-3 in FA horses. While a trend to increase trot stride length was seen, no differences in lameness scores between treatments were noted.
Effects of endurance training on VO2maxand submaximal blood lactate concentrations of untrained sled dogs
Authors: Banse Heidi E , Sides Raymond H , Ruby Brent C , Bayly Warwick M 
Published: October 2007

AbstractFive previously untrained yearling sled dogs were evaluated for endurance training-induced changes in maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) and submaximal blood lactate concentrations. Following 3 weeks of light training followed by 4 weeks of moderate training, VO2maxincreased by 10%, from 180.2 ± 9.9 to 198.7 ± 19.2 ml kg min− 1(P = 0.046). Light training was not associated with any increase in VO2max. Blood lactate concentrations at the same absolute intensity decreased by 215%, from 9.2 ± 4.7 to 4.3 ± 2.4 mmol l− 1(P = 0.022). Speeds associated with oxygen consumptions of 70% VO2maxincreased by 12%, from 4.8 ± 0.4 to 5.4 ± 0.5 m s− 1(P = 0.008) and speeds associated with VO2maxincreased by 21%, from 6.7 ± 0.3 to 8.2 ± 0.7 m s− 1(P = 0.012).
Efficacy of small‐molecule glycogen synthase kinase‐3 inhibitors in the postnatal rat model of tau hyperphosphorylation
Authors: Selenica M‐L , Jensen H S , Larsen A K , Pedersen M L , Helboe L , Leist M , Lotharius J 
Published: October 2007

Background and purpose:Glycogen synthase kinase‐3 (GSK‐3) affects neuropathological events associated with Alzheimeŕs disease (AD) such as hyperphosphorylation of the protein, tau. GSK‐3β expression, enzyme activity and tau phosphorylated at AD‐relevant epitopes are elevated in juvenile rodent brains. Here, we assess five GSK‐3β inhibitors and lithium in lowering phosphorylated tau (p‐tau) and GSK‐3β enzyme activity levels in 12‐day old postnatal rats.Experimental approach:Brain levels of inhibitors following treatment in vivo were optimized based on pharmacokinetic data. At optimal doses, p‐tau (Ser396) levels in brain tissue was measured by immunoblotting and correlated with GSK‐3β enzyme activities in the same tissues. Effects of GSK inhibitors on p‐tau, GSK‐3β activities and cell death were measured in a human neuronal cell line (LUHMES).Key results:Lithium and CHIR98014 reduced tau phosphorylation (Ser396) in the cortex and hippocampus of postnatal rats, while Alsterpaullone and SB216763 were effective only in hippocampus. AR‐A014418 and Indirubin‐3′‐monoxime were ineffective in either brain region. Inhibition of p‐tau in brain required several‐fold higher levels of GSK inhibitors than the IC50 values obtained in recombinant or cell‐based GSK‐3β enzyme activity assays. The inhibitory effect on GSK‐3β activity ex vivo correlated with protection against cell death and decrease of p‐tau‐ in LUHMES cells, using low μM inhibitor concentrations.Conclusions and Implications:Selective small‐molecule inhibitors of GSK‐3 reduce tau phosphorylation in vivo. These findings corroborate earlier suggestions that GSK‐3β may be an attractive target for disease‐modification in AD and related conditions where tau phosphorylation is believed to contribute to disease pathogenesis.British Journal of Pharmacology (2007) 152, 959–979; doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0707471; published online 1 October 2007