bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffusion of nanochannel-confined knot along a tensioned polymer*
Authors: Cai Guobing , Li Yong , Feng Yuyu , Deng Zhouhui , Liu Yanhui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The knots frequently occur in biopolymer and their diffusion plays an active role in the gene regulation. In this work, Langevin dynamics simulations were carried out to detect the diffusion behaviours of a knot along a tensioned polymer in different spatial constraints. The polymer accommodating a knot was tethered to two macrospheres to block the unravelling of the knot. As a result, the curves for the diffusion coefficients of the knot with different bending stiffness as a function of the tension in different spatial constraints were obtained. In the space without constraints or with weak constraints, the corresponding curves for the knot with relatively large bending stiffness exhibited two turnover behaviours. On the contrary, for the knot with relatively small bending stiffness, the diffusion coefficients were monotonically reduced with increasing tension. However, in a space with strong constraints, all the curves showed one turnover behaviour regardless of the bending stiffness. The turnover behaviours divided the curves into different regimes, and the dominant diffusion mechanisms in the regimes, namely, knot-region breathing, self-reptation, and internal friction, were clearly identified. The effective friction coefficients ξ of the knots with 31, 41, 51 and 52 types as a function of the knot size N at a fixed tension were well fitted by the relation ξ ∝ N. The effective friction coefficients of the knots at relatively large tension f > 3 sharply increased with the knot complexity, which is not dependent on the spatial constraints. By contrast, the values of these coefficients at relatively small tension f ≤ 3 were remarkably dependent on the spatial constraints. Our work not only provides valuable simulation results to assist the understanding of the diffusion of DNA knot, but also highlights the single-molecule design for the manipulation of DNA knots in future.
Constraints on real scalar inflation from preheating using LATTICEEASY*
Authors: Cheng 程 Wei 伟 , Qin 秦 Tong 通 , Jiang 姜 Jiujiang 玖江 , Zhou 周 Ruiyu 瑞雨 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we undertake a detailed study of real scalar inflation using LATTICEEASY simulations to investigate preheating phenomena. Generally, the scalar inflation potential with non-minimal coupling can be approximated using a quartic potential. We observe that the evolutionary behavior of this potential remains unaffected by the coupling coefficient. Furthermore, the theoretical predictions for the scalar spectral index (

) and tensor-to-scalar power ratio (r) are independent of this coefficient. Consequently, the coefficients of this model are not constrained by Planck observations. Fortunately, the properties of preheating after inflation provide a viable approach to examining these coefficients. Through LATTICEEASY simulations, we trace the evolution of particle number density, scale factor, and energy density during the preheating process. Subsequently, we derive the parameters, such as the energy ratio (γ) and the e-folding number of preheating (

), which facilitate further predictions of

and r. We successfully validate real scalar inflation model using preheating in LATTICEEASY simulations based on the analytical relationship between preheating and inflation models.
Observational appearance and extra photon rings of an asymmetric thin-shell wormhole with a Bardeen profile*
Authors: He 何 Ke-Jian 柯腱 , Luo 罗 Zhi 智 , Guo 郭 Sen 森 , Li 李 Guo-Ping 国平 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this work, the optical appearance of an asymmetric thin-shell wormhole with a Bardeen profile is studied. To initiate the process, we need to construct an asymmetric thin-shell wormhole utilizing the cut-and-paste technique proposed by Visser and subsequently ascertain its pertinent physical quantities such as the radius of the photon sphere and critical impact parameters for different values of magnetic charge g. Then, the effective potential and motion behavior of photons are also investigated within the framework of asymmetric thin-shell wormholes with a Bardeen profile. It can be found that the effective potential, ray trajectory, and azimuthal angle of the thin-shell wormhole exhibit a strong correlation with the mass ratio of black holes. By considering the accretion disk as the sole background light source, we observe additional photon rings and lensing bands in the optical appearance of the asymmetric thin-shell wormhole with a Bardeen profile compared to those exhibited by the Bardeen black hole. One can find that there is an increase in the size of the specific additional light bands with increasing magnetic charge g, which is different from the black hole case. These exceptionally luminous rings can serve as a robust criterion for the identification and characterization of the thin-shell wormhole spacetime.
Overview of multiscale turbulence studies covering ion-to-electron scales in magnetically confined fusion plasma
Authors: Maeyama S. , Howard N.T. , Citrin J. , Watanabe T.-H. , Tokuzawa T. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Turbulent transport in magnetically confined fusion plasma has conventionally been analyzed at the ion gyroradius scale based on the microturbulence theory. However, ion-scale turbulence analysis sometimes fails to predict the turbulent transport flux observed experimentally. Microturbulence at the electron gyroradius scale and cross-scale interactions between disparate-scale turbulences are possible mechanisms to resolve this issue. This overview discusses the recent progress in multiscale turbulence studies and presents future perspectives from recent experimental, theoretical, and numerical investigations. The following aspects are highlighted: (1) the importance of electron-scale effects in experiments, (2) the physical mechanisms of cross-scale interactions, (3) modeling electron-scale effects in quasilinear transport models, and (4) the impacts of cross-scale interactions on burning plasmas. Understanding multiscale turbulence is necessary to improve performance prediction and explore optimal operations for future burning plasmas.
Naringenin roled octacalcium phosphate reinforced with polyvinyl alcohol composite for sarcoma affected bone repair
Authors: Lin Qiang , Wang Xuzheng , Jia Bin , Bai Minghua , Wang Kunzheng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a rare cancer affecting disease for children and young adults; complete healing from this condition is quite difficult. Recently, new regeneration materials have been preferred, including natural compound companied implants for affected bone repair, and it is effectively used to treat osteosarcoma disease. Hence, Octa calcium phosphate (OCP) reinforced with poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and oleic acid (OA) with Naringenin (NRG) composite was prepared and studied to cure the sarcoma affected bone. The physicochemical nature of the prepared OCP, PVA/OA/OCP, and PVA/OA/OCP/NRG composite were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, and XRD techniques. The in vitro release of the NRG from the PVA/OA/OCP/NRG composite was evaluated by UV-visible spectroscopy and the NRG release rate was observed at 98.0 % over 24 h. Biocompatibility and cell viability of the prepared OCP, PVA/OA/OCP, and PVA/OA/OCP/NRG composite are investigated in adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) on different days. Interestingly, the PVA/OCP/OA/NRG composite shows an increase of 74.0 % to 92.0 % in cell survival, indicating that the composite is biocompatible. Similarly, the ability of NRG in the composite is to suppress cancer cells and it was determined in lung cancer (A549) cells. NRG-loaded PVA/OCP/OA/NRG shows good inhibition ability, nearly 43 % at 72 h. From the results, the prepared composite materials can inhibit cancer cells and be viable in stem cell growth. Since the materials will serve as potential regenerative materials for sarcoma-affected bone recovery.
High resolution prediction and explanation of groundwater depletion across India
Authors: Alkon Meir , Wang Yaoping , Harrington Matthew R , Shi Claudia , Kennedy Ryan , Urpelainen Johannes , Kopas Jacob , He Xiaogang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Food production in much of the world relies on groundwater resources. In many regions, groundwater levels are declining due to a combination of anthropogenic extraction, localized meteorological and geological characteristics, and climate change. Groundwater in India is characteristic of this global trend, with an agricultural sector that is highly dependent on groundwater and increasingly threatened by extraction far in excess of recharge. The complexity of inputs makes groundwater depletion highly heterogeneous across space and time. However, modeling this heterogeneity has thus far proven difficult. Using two ensemble tree-based regression models, we predict district level seasonal groundwater dynamics to an accuracy of R
2 = 0.4–0.6 and Pearson correlations between 0.6 and 0.8. Further using two high-resolution feature importance methods, we demonstrate that atmospheric humidity, groundwater groundwater-based irrigation, and crop cultivation are the most important predictors of seasonal groundwater dynamics at the district level in India. We further demonstrate a shift in the predictors of groundwater depletion over 1998–2014 that is robustly found between the two feature importance methods, namely increasing importance of deep-well irrigation in Central and Eastern India. These areas coincide with districts where groundwater depletion is most severe. Further analysis shows decreases in crop yields per unit of irrigation over those regions, suggesting decreasing marginal returns for largely increasing quantities of groundwater irrigation used. This analysis demonstrates the public policy value of machine learning models for providing high spatiotemporal accuracy in predicting groundwater depletion, while also highlighting how anthropogenic activity impacts groundwater in India, with consequent implications for productivity and well-being.
Spatiotemporal characteristics of the time of emergence for anthropogenic tropospheric temperature changes based on the CMIP6 multi-model results
Authors: Zhang Shulei , Liu Xiaodong , Dong Buwen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the 20th century, with the intensification of human activities, the Earth is experiencing unprecedented warming. However, there are certain differences in the sensitivity of temperature changes to anthropogenic forcings in different regions and at different altitudes of the troposphere. The time of emergence (TOE) is the key point at which the anthropogenic climate change signal exceeds from the internal climate variability serving as a noise. It is a crucial variable for climate change detection, climate prediction and risk assessment. Here, we systematically analyzed the spatiotemporal characteristics of the TOE of temperature changes over the past century by calculating the SNR based on the selected CMIP6 multi-model outputs. The results show that the temperature TOE, particularly in the lower and middle troposphere, shows distinct latitude dependence, displaying an ‘M-type’ distribution from the Antarctic to the Arctic: it first appears in low-latitudes, followed by high-latitudes, and last appears in the two mid latitude bands. For the tropics, the TOE of tropospheric temperatures becomes earlier with increasing altitude: the TOE of air temperatures at the surface, mid-tropospheric 500 hPa and upper-tropospheric 200 hPa occurs in 1980 ± 15, 1965 ± 20, and 1930 ± 30, respectively. The TOEs of tropospheric temperatures in eastern equatorial Pacific are 10–30 years later than those in the western equatorial Pacific. For the regional TOEs of surface air temperature diverse differences exist on land and ocean in various latitudes of two hemispheres.
Identification and detection of high NO
x
emitting inland ships using multi-source shore-based monitoring data
Authors: Huang Hongxun , Zhou Chunhui , Xiao Changshi , Wen Yuanqiao , Ma Weihao , Wu Lichuan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In urban areas situated along busy waterways like the Yangtze River, the diesel engines of inland navigation ships emerge as significant contributors to air pollution. Among these vessels, certain high-emission ships exhibit considerably higher levels of nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions compared to others. To effectively identify such ships, this study employed a cost-effective ship emission monitoring sensor platform, comprising high-precision gas sensors, automatic identification system receiver, and sensitive meteorological sensors, along the Yangtze River in Wuhan City. By combining multi-source shore-based monitoring data, we identified ship emission signals and proposed a high-emission ship detection method using inverse modeling. Using this method, we successfully detected inland high-emission ships based on two months of monitoring data. Furthermore, the relationship between different ship types, sizes, speeds, and ship NO
x
emission rates were investigated. The results of this study are beneficial for strengthening the regulation of high-emission vessels in inland waterways, thereby reducing the adverse impact of ship emissions on the environment and climate. It also encourages the inland shipping industry to adopt more environmentally friendly technologies and fuels, as advocated by the International Maritime Organization.
Edu-Tourism Concept in Eco-Friendly Farm Development Design in Ngronggot Village, Nganjuk, East Jawa
Authors: Wulandari L D , Asikin D , Firsandy B A , Sari K E , Johanda A F I 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Sustainable tourism development takes important aspects such as the impact on the environment, stakeholder collaboration, tourism regulation and management, and the development of the potential of a region. Ngronggot Village has potential in the field of animal husbandry because there are many small breeder businesses and there are SKR Farm investors who enter to develop the village economy. This gave rise to the idea of developing a collaborative farm Edu-Tourism Park destination with an environmentally friendly and sustainable concept. This idea is expected to be a solution to strengthen the economy of rural communities and the process of fostering MSMEs. The method used in this farm Edu-Tourism Park is the Community Participatory method with a design based on the 3A tourism theory and analysis of issues and characteristics of the study object. The research objective used Farming Fesitval concept as implementation of Community Participatory and integration and integration of the edu-tourism area with its environmental conditions. The design process includes with hardscape and softscape processing and the concept of Farming Festival centered on SKR Farm. The results of this Edu-tourism development are in the form of built design products and tourism management procedure manuals. The collaboration between academics, investors from the industry, and also community participation, is expected to strengthen the community’s economy, provide many benefits for all stakeholders, and create more sustainable Edu-tourism.
Development model for empowerment of Demak Coastal fishermen community through product re-branding
Authors: Banowati Eva , Karsinah  , Ulya Himmatul , Salsabila Narisha Nur , Mariyam  , Ni’mah Masbahatun , Yuliasasianti Dwi Gladys , Nisa Ngainun , Doni  , Sari Yuria 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Coastal Demak has a wealth of potential coastal resources because the condition of the Demak coastal area through mapping the potential of capture fisheries reaches 840 tons, and production fisheries reach 1,166 tons. In other aspects, there are conditions of changes in the coastline of accretion and abrasion that affect population activities followed by rob. The majority of the population activities in the Demak coastal area are in the fisheries sector, which, based on the analysis of the typology of the community, the population has a livelihood of fishermen and shrimp paste makers. The main ingredient of shrimp paste is easy to obtain, but shrimp paste makers need help in terms of product innovation and marketing. So, the empowerment of Demak coastal fishing communities needs to be done, one of which is through product branding strategies. The objectives of this research include 1) mapping the potential of coastal Demak; 2) identifying constraints in its development, and 3) finding a suitable empowerment model to improve the economic welfare of the community. Data collection methods include field surveys, structured interviews, and literature studies. Then, the data was analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach with SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) and mapping. The results showed that: 1) This area is experiencing abrasion; in the morning, the tide reaches a depth of 0.46 - 0.53 meters on the road. The mapping of coastal resources has two forms, namely in the form of aquaculture ponds and marine catches in the high seas, which 5,694 fishermen cultivate; 2) Mobilizing shrimp paste makers to expand market reach by using packaging that is easy to store and prioritizes the principles of hygiene; 3) The development of the Community Empowerment Model based on the results of the SWOT analysis in this study is in Quadrant 1, namely expansion using strengths by utilizing high market demand.
Uncertainty of Coupled Model Intercomparison Projects 6 (CMIP6) in Indonesia’s maritime continental region for the historical period
Authors: Agiel H M , Pratama A , Mareta L , Birastri W 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Climate Model is a tool for studying climate and climate change, In climate models there is uncertainty that occurs due to the inability of the model to simulate climate in an area. This study aims to find the best CMIP6 model in the IMC and look at the uncertainty of the model. The data used in this study are precipitation data on the CMIP6 model, as well as the use of CRU data as reference data and observation data. Uncertainty is calculated for historical periods using CDF to see random values from the model. Validation of historical CRU and CMIP6 data is performed by performing statistical calculations that include Pearson correlation, standard deviation, RMSE, KGE, TSS, and relative bias. CRU model testing in Indonesia shows quite good performance at all points, the CRU model has a pattern that follows observational data based on correlation values. the uncertainty of CMIP6 is large in high precipitation and low in moderate precipitation, and there is moderate uncertainty in low precipitation, The analysis of historical data indicates that the EC-Earth3-Veg-LR model has greater performance in simulating precipitation within the IMC region, closely aligning with the values and patterns observed in the CRU model. Furthermore, the EC-Earth3-Veg-LR model displays a strong correlation, as well as good values for the KGE and relative Bias, measuring at 0.33, 0.175, and 1.101% respectively.
Modeling of climate parameters with planting area and pest attacked area on shallots for the development of early warning systems and horticultural cropping schedules
Authors: Pramudia Aris , Suciantini  , Riatma Darmawan Lahru , Sunusi Muhammad Agung , Ripaldi Adi , Susanti Erni , Fanggidae Yudi Riadi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
One way to mitigate the decrease in shallot production during the off-season is preparing an early warning system and the management of crops planting. This system needs a mathematical model to assist in decision-making. This paper presents a modeling of the relationship between rainfall and planting area and pest attacked area of shallot. The results of the modeling analysis between rainfall and planted area illustrate that an increase of rainfall up to 137.5 mm/month in the lowland area at Brebes, or up to 247.0 mm/month in rainfed or upland area at Garut, is correlated with an increase in the planting area, however then above that rainfall intensity, an increase of rainfall is correlated with a decrease in the planting area. Regression analysis between the Spodoptera exigua attacked the area of the shallot and climate variables illustrates that the attacked area of the shallot decreases if there is an increase in the minimum temperature up to 25.5 °C. Conversely, an increase in the S. exigua attack area of shallot occurs if there is an increase in the duration of solar irradiation of up to 8 hours/day or an increase in a means air humidity of up to 77%. Regression analysis between the Trotol attack area and climate variables illustrates that the Trotol attack area decreases if there is an increase in the average wind speed of up to 5.7 knots. Conversely, an increase in the attacked area of Trotol occurs if there is an increase in rainfall of up to 205 mm/month or an increase in a means air temperature of up to 29.0 °C. This illustrates that climate conditions that are sunny, cool, dry, and calm can reduce the area of attack by S. exigua and Trotol. The threshold values obtained through the above analysis are then used in decision support in the EWS SIPANTARA, namely the Early Warning System and Planting Schedules Management for Horticulture.
The zoning of flood disasters by combining tidal flood and urban flood in Semarang City, Indonesia
Authors: Herbanu P S , Nurmaya A , Nisaa R M , Wardana R A , Sahid  
Published: March 2024

AbstractSemarang City, situated along the northern coastal region of Java Island, Indonesia, grapples annually with the dual challenges of tidal flooding and urban inundation. Establishing a comprehensive flood disaster zoning for both tidal floods and urban inundation to identify priority areas for effective flood mitigation and reducing disaster risk. This study aims to assess the potential inundation of tidal floods, urban floods, and their combined impact on Semarang City, using an integrated approach that combines Geographic Information System (GIS) technology with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). By leveraging data from Digital Elevation Model Nasional (DEMNAS), Google Earth, Rupa Bumi Indonesia (RBI) maps, and the Open Street Map (OSM) database, we obtained elevation, landcover, distance to the river, buildings, and administration data, which were used as criteria in the analysis. The research findings unveil three distinct flood inundation scenarios within Semarang City: tidal floods, urban floods, and a combination of both. Each scenario is categorized into low, medium, and high levels of inundation, providing a granular assessment of flood risk across the city. Importantly, the study extends beyond spatial analysis to evaluate the impact of inundation on affected buildings. The results indicate that the area inundated by the combination of tidal and urban floods is as follows: 86.87% high inundation, 13.12% moderate inundation, and 0.01% low inundation.