bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous detection of testosterone, nandrolone, and boldenone esters in dried blood spots for doping control in sports by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Miyamoto Asami , Ota Masanori , Sato Mitsuhiko , Okano Masato 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTestosterone, nandrolone, and boldenone, which are listed as doping substances on the World Anti‐Doping Agency Prohibited List, are mostly available commercially in esterified forms. Isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) represents a key tool for identifying these substances, as they are hydrolyzed and discharged in the urine as pseudo‐endogenous substances. However, IRMS, which comprises a complicated process, cannot achieve the direct detection of steroid esters in blood samples. These substances can be detected using dried blood spots (DBSs), reducing the impact of esterase hydrolysis. Here, a simultaneous liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for detecting 28 steroid (13 testosterone, nine nandrolone, and six boldenone) esters was developed using three DBS types of samples, including a cellulose paper and polymer. The substances were first derivatized with methyloxime to increase their sensitivities (the limits of detection were <0.1–0.4, <0.1–0.9, and <0.1–0.9 ng/mL for the testosterone, nandrolone, and boldenone esters, respectively). Further, the DBS absorbents were verified since the effect of interferences depended on it. Next, a study involving seven participants was conducted to detect intramuscularly administered testosterone enanthate (100 mg). Polymer and cellulose papers were used to collect blood from their upper arms and fingertips, respectively, and testosterone enanthate was identified and detectable at both blood‐collection sites for up to 144 and 216 h, respectively. Furthermore, testosterone enanthate was detectable in the DBS samples stored under refrigeration after 6 months, indicating the stable nature of DBS.
Heart failure care in the Central and Eastern Europe and Baltic region: status, barriers, and routes to improvement
Authors: Chioncel Ovidiu , Čelutkienė Jelena , Bělohlávek Jan , Kamzola Ginta , Lainscak Mitja , Merkely Béla , Miličić Davor , Nessler Jadwiga , Ristić Arsen D. , Sawiełajc Lidia , Uchmanowicz Izabella , Uuetoa Tiina , Turgonyi Eva , Yotov Yoto , Ponikowski Piotr 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDespite improvements over recent years, morbidity and mortality associated with heart failure (HF) are higher in countries in the Central and Eastern Europe and Baltic region than in Western Europe. With the goal of improving the standard of HF care and patient outcomes in the Central and Eastern Europe and Baltic region, this review aimed to identify the main barriers to optimal HF care and potential areas for improvement. This information was used to suggest methods to improve HF management and decrease the burden of HF in the region that can be implemented at the national and regional levels. We performed a literature search to collect information about HF epidemiology in 11 countries in the region (Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Serbia, and Slovenia). The prevalence of HF in the region was 1.6–4.7%, and incidence was 3.1–6.0 per 1000 person‐years. Owing to the scarcity of published data on HF management in these countries, we also collected insights on local HF care and management practices via two surveys of 11 HF experts representing the 11 countries. Based on the combined results of the literature review and surveys, we created national HF care and management profiles for each country and developed a common patient pathway for HF for the region. We identified five main barriers to optimal HF care: (i) lack of epidemiological data, (ii) low awareness of HF, (iii) lack of national HF strategies, (iv) infrastructure and system gaps, and (v) poor access to novel HF treatments. To overcome these barriers, we propose the following routes to improvement: (i) establish regional and national prospective HF registries for the systematic collection of epidemiological data; (ii) establish education campaigns for the public, patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals; (iii) establish formal HF strategies to set clear and measurable policy goals and support budget planning; (iv) improve access to quality‐of‐care centres, multidisciplinary care teams, diagnostic tests, and telemedicine/telemonitoring; and (v) establish national treatment monitoring programmes to develop policies that ensure that adequate proportions of healthcare budgets are reserved for novel therapies. These routes to improvement represent a first step towards improving outcomes in patients with HF in the Central and Eastern Europe and Baltic region by decreasing disparities in HF care within the region and between the region and Western Europe.
Echocardiographic haemodynamic monitoring in the context of HeartMate 3™ therapy: a systematic review
Authors: Ohlsson Linus , Papageorgiou Joanna‐Maria , Ebbers Tino , Aneq Meriam Åström , Tamás Éva , Granfeldt Hans 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsWhile echocardiography remains essential within haemodynamic monitoring of durable mechanical circulatory support, previous echocardiographic guidelines are missing scientific evidence for the novel HeartMate 3™ (HM3) system. Accordingly, this review aims to summarize available echocardiographic evidence including HM3.Methods and resultsThis systematic review adhered to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Searches were conducted during August 2023 across PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar using specific echocardiographic terms combined with system identifiers. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cohort studies and Critical Appraisal Instrument (PCAI) for cross‐sectional studies. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria, of which eight cohort studies and one cross‐sectional study. Aortic regurgitation (AR) prevalence at approximately 12 months of support exhibited heterogenicity (33.5% (Δ 33%)) in a limited number of studies (n = 3). Several studies (n = 5) demonstrated an increasing prevalence and severity of AR during HM3 support, generating moderate to high level of evidence. One AR study showed a higher cumulative incidence of death and heart failure (HF) readmission compared with those without significant AR, hazard ratio 3.42 (95% CI 1.48–8.76). A second study showed that a worsening AR group had significantly lower survival‐free from HF readmission (59% vs. 89%, P = 0.023) with a hazard ratio of 5.18 (95% CI 1.07–25.0), while a third study did not reveal any differences in cardiac‐related hospitalizations in the 12 months follow‐up or non‐cardiac‐related hospitalization. Mitral regurgitation (MR) prevalence at approximately 12 months of support exhibited good consistency 15.0% (Δ 0.8%) in both included studies, which did not reveal any significant pattern of changing prevalence over time. Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) prevalence at approximately 12 months of support exhibited fair consistency 28.5% (Δ 8.3%) in a limited number of studies (n = 2); both studies showed a statistically un‐confirmed trend of increased TR prevalence over time. The evidence of general prevalence of right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) was insufficient due to lack of studies.ConclusionsThere are few methodologically consistent studies with focus on long‐term haemodynamic effects. Aortic regurgitation still seems to be a prevalent and potentially significant finding. The available evidence concerning right heart function is limited despite clinical relevance and potential prognostic value. Potential interventricular and haemodynamic interplay are identified as a white field for future research.
CH‐VAD left ventricular assist implantation combined with the Bentall procedure and coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Zhao Shuanglei , Liu Chongyang , Wang Jun , Wang Hong , Luo Tiange , Hao Xiaoyan , Yang Xian , Wen Mingxiu , Han Jie , Zhang Hongjia , Gong Ming 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLeft ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation is an effective alternative treatment to heart transplantation, especially for end‐stage heart failure patients who are ineligible for or unable to await a heart transplant. This report describes a complex and innovative surgery where LVAD implantation was performed alongside multiple concomitant cardiac and aortic procedures. A 62‐year‐old male patient with complicated comorbidities developed acute myocardial infarction and subsequent refractory advanced heart failure. Given his critically ill condition and intractable anatomical malformations, the CH‐VAD left ventricular assist system implantation was performed concomitantly with the Bentall procedure, coronary artery bypass grafting, tricuspid valvuloplasty, and foramen ovale closure. The patient was successfully discharged. This case details the medical decision‐making process and surgical strategy and demonstrates the feasibility of LVAD implantation combined with multiple additional cardiac and aortic procedures in expert cardiac centres. Success relies on experienced cardiac surgeons and a multidisciplinary LVAD Heart Team, ensuring excellence in surgical techniques, preoperative evaluation, post‐operative care, and rehabilitation.
Diborane, Diborene and M(I)‐η2‐Diborene Complexes Stabilized by Bicyclic (Alkyl)(Amino)Carbene (M=Cu and Ag)
Authors: Adhikari Manu , De Sriman , Kumar Manar Krishna , Kumar Thakur Sandeep , Kamte Rohit S. , Koley Debasis , Singh Sanjay 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBICAAC (bicyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene) as ambiphilic carbene has been utilized to prepare stable neutral tetrahydrodiborane [BICAAC
(H2)B−B(H2)
BICAAC] and dihydrodiborene [BICAAC→(H)B=B(H)
BICAAC] compounds. The Lewis base stabilized dihydrodiborene is isoelectronic and isolobal to conventional olefins and therefore offers the possibility to explore the formation of π‐complexes with transition metals. Reaction of the diborene with coinage metal salts (CuCl, AgBr and CuI) leads to the formation of π‐diborene metal complexes via η2 side‐on coordination. These are first examples of dihydrodiborene coinage metal complexes. Interestingly, coordination of two CuCl units to the diborene has been observed for the first time with a considerable lengthening of >B=B< and B
CBICAAC bonds manifesting the key role of the BICAAC combined with small steric requirements of hydride substituents in stabilizing these complexes. The energy decomposition analysis (EDA) calculations reveal the interaction between the diborene and Cu(I)/Ag(I) is mainly electrostatic in nature.
Aerobic Photoredox Catalyzed Oxamate Ester Synthesis from Bromodifluoroacetate Esters
Authors: Tagami Takuma , Kawamura Shintaro , Sodeoka Mikiko 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHere we report an aerobic photoredox catalysis approach to oxamate ester synthesis using bromodifluoroacetate esters and amines under open‐air conditions. Oxamate ester is an important skeleton found in bioactive molecules and used as a synthetic building block. However, previous synthetic methods require the use of moisture‐ and air‐sensitive precursors and/or harsh conditions, limiting accessible oxamate esters. The present method uses bench‐stable bromodifluoroacetate esters and amines under mild photoredox catalytic conditions to furnish a wide variety of oxamate esters. Combining photoredox catalysis with aerobic oxygenation enables the use of bromodifluoroacetate ester as a precursor for the synthesis of oxamate esters via fluoroglyoxylate esters.
Connectome spectrum electromagnetic tomography: A method to reconstruct electrical brain source networks at high‐spatial resolution
Authors: Rué‐Queralt Joan , Fluhr Hugo , Tourbier Sebastien , Aleman‐Gómez Yasser , Pascucci David , Yerly Jérôme , Glomb Katharina , Plomp Gijs , Hagmann Patric 
Published: March 2024

AbstractConnectome spectrum electromagnetic tomography (CSET) combines diffusion MRI‐derived structural connectivity data with well‐established graph signal processing tools to solve the M/EEG inverse problem. Using simulated EEG signals from fMRI responses, and two EEG datasets on visual‐evoked potentials, we provide evidence supporting that (i) CSET captures realistic neurophysiological patterns with better accuracy than state‐of‐the‐art methods, (ii) CSET can reconstruct brain responses more accurately and with more robustness to intrinsic noise in the EEG signal. These results demonstrate that CSET offers high spatio‐temporal accuracy, enabling neuroscientists to extend their research beyond the current limitations of low sampling frequency in functional MRI and the poor spatial resolution of M/EEG.
Adopting telemedicine in the fight against antimicrobial resistance in West Africa
Authors: Dauda Babatunde Jamiu , Offor Michael Chukwubuikem , Adebusuyi Olakulehin , Owolabi Caleb Promise 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe detrimental effects of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) have called for several approaches in the fight against it in West Africa, where telemedicine is still in its infancy. In West Africa, self‐medication is prevalent because the majority of these medications are easily accessible due to insufficient regulatory structures that control their production, distribution, and consumption. Also, access to healthcare facilities and professionals is limited. All of these and other inadequacies consequently result in the emergence of antimicrobial‐resistant organisms. AMR, which is now a major global health crisis according to the WHO, may cause the deaths of about 10 million people before 2050, and Africa may make up 41% of these deaths, with the Western part of this continent affected the most. While several approaches have been adopted, unlike in other regions of the world, the use of telemedicine in West Africa to fight AMR has rarely been studied or considered and where it is now in partial use, its efficacy is constrained by several factors. This paper discusses the roles of telemedicine, the limitations to its application in the fight against AMR, and suggests remedies for these limitations.
Pregnancy outcomes for women with pre‐existing renal disease and the role of a dedicated joint maternal medicine and renal clinic: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wildridge Bethany , Makanjuola David , Johnson Antoinette , Ganapathy Ramesh , Mountford Lucy , Bell Christina , Odogwu Jonathan , Shehata Hassan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo reaffirm the value of a joint obstetric and renal clinic on obstetric outcomes in patients with high‐risk pregnancies due to chronic kidney disease (CKD).MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of patients who attended the clinic between 2005 and December 2021. The hospital is a regional tertiary unit for renal medicine and a maternal medicine hub. The data included all women with pre‐existing renal conditions who were cared for in a dedicated renal and obstetric clinic. Datasets were extracted from hospital notes, the renal database, clinical data and maternity electronic health records. The data analyzed included pre‐existing renal conditions, biochemical parameters related to the renal condition, pregnancy outcomes included miscarriages, gestation, mode of delivery, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), loss, birth weight and neonatal admission.ResultsThe results were as follows: Lupus nephritis: four term deliveries; three had pre‐eclampsia; two PPH and two miscarriages. Four estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) returned to baseline levels within 12 months. With regard to IgA nephropathy there were five live births, four term deliveries, two pre‐eclampsia (PE) and five cesarean sections (CS). All eGFRs returned to baseline within 12 months. With regard to patients with adult polycystic kidney disease (APKD), there were six live births, two had pre‐eclampsia and there were five term vaginal deliveries.ConclusionPatients with lupus nephritis, APKD, and IgA demonstrated a higher incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes as compared with our local pregnant population. Our findings reflect those of larger studies and support the role of combined renal/obstetric clinics. More research and larger scale studies are needed into specific CKD conditions and their outcomes.
Daily huddles in antenatal clinics: An effective tool to optimize quality of antenatal care
Authors: Puri Manju , Agrawal Swati , Patra Sharda , Nain Shilpi , Meena Deepika , Chauhan Divya , Devraj Rupesh , Ahlawat Kiran 
Published: March 2024

SynopsisDaily huddles are 15 golden minutes in antenatal clinics which can aid in the reduction of maternal and perinatal morbidity as well as mortality.
Inorganic nanoparticles‐based strategies for the microbial detection in infectious diseases
Authors: Ding Xinyu , Ma Juntao , Fan Tao , Issa Rahma , Li Yaxin , Weng Dan , Zhang Dagan , Chen Yuxin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInfectious diseases pose significant threats to public health and the global economy, necessitating rapid and accurate detection of the causative microorganisms to prevent their transmission. Nanomaterials, with their unique size‐dependent physical and chemical attributes, present innovative solutions for the detection of infectious diseases, thereby playing a crucial role in the development of advanced detection technologies. This review describes the application of inorganic nanomaterials in the detection of infectious diseases, focusing on the potential uses of nanomaterials, including carbon nanoallotropes, quantum dots, gold and silver nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles and upconversion nanoparticles.
Evaluation of Aortic Hemodynamics Using Four‐Dimensional Flow of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Rabbits with Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Li Jiali , Li Yuansheng , Lin Xin , Lv Cheng , Zhang Xiaoyong , Chen Jing 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundLiver fibrosis (LF) precipitates systemic hemodynamic alterations, however, its impact on the aorta remaining undefined.PurposeTo assess aorta hemodynamics changes during LF development in a rabbit model.Study TypeProspective, experimental.Animal ModelThirty 7‐month‐old male rabbits underwent bile duct ligation (BDL) to induce LF.Field Strength/SequenceBiweekly four‐dimensional (4D) flow imaging incorporating a 3D gradient‐echo at 3.0 T scanner for 14 weeks post‐BDL.AssessmentHistopathological exams for 2–5 rabbits were performed at each time point, following each MRI scan. LF was graded using the Metavir scale by a pathologist. 4D flow was analyzed by two radiologists using dedicated postprocessing software. They recorded 4D flow parameters at four aorta sections (aortic sinus, before and after bifurcation of aortic arch, and descending aorta).Statistical TestsThe linear mixed model; Bonferroni correction; Pearson correlation coefficient (r); receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve; Delong test. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05.ResultsFollowing BDL, the wall shear stress (WSS) (0.23–0.32 Pa), energy loss (EL) (0.27–1.55 mW) of aorta significantly increased at the second week for each plane, peaking at the sixth week (WSS: 0.35–0.49 Pa, EL: 0.57–2.0 mW). So did the relative pressure difference (RPD) (second week: 1.67 ± 1.63 mmHg, sixth week: 2.43 ± 0.63 mmHg) in plane 2. Notably, the RPD in plane 2 at the second week displayed the highest area under ROC curve of 0.998 (specificity: 1, sensitivity: 0.967). LF were found at the second, fourth, and sixth week after BDL, with grade F2, F3, and F4, respectively. The RPD in plane 2 was most strongly correlated with the severity of LF (r = 0.86).Data ConclusionsThe occurrence of LF could increase WSS, EL, and RPD of aorta as early as the second week following BDL.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 2
The role of orexin in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Braun Alisha , Manavis Jim , Yamanaka Akihiro , Ootsuka Youichirou , Blumbergs Peter , Bobrovskaya Larisa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEmerging evidence has implicated the orexin system in non‐motor pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. It has also been suggested the orexin system is involved in the modulation of motor control, further implicating the orexin system in Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease with millions of people suffering worldwide with motor and non‐motor symptoms, significantly affecting their quality of life. Treatments are based solely on symptomatic management and no cure currently exists. The orexin system has the potential to be a treatment target in Parkinson's disease, particularly in the non‐motor stage. In this review, the most current evidence on the orexin system in Parkinson's disease and its potential role in motor and non‐motor symptoms of the disease is summarized. This review begins with a brief overview of Parkinson's disease, animal models of the disease, and the orexin system. This leads into discussion of the possible roles of orexin neurons in Parkinson's disease and levels of orexin in the cerebral spinal fluid and plasma in Parkinson's disease and animal models of the disease. The role of orexin is then discussed in relation to symptoms of the disease including motor control, sleep, cognitive impairment, psychological behaviors, and the gastrointestinal system. The neuroprotective effects of orexin are also summarized in preclinical models of the disease.
Evaluation of the climate models used by the IPCC based on the position of the ITCZ in the Equatorial South Atlantic
Authors: Saad Sandra Isay , Duarte da Silva Melquizedek Rafael , Mota da Silva Jonathan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA number of the uncertainties in climate projections for the end of the century are due to the difficulty of general circulation models (GCMs) to represent large‐scale precipitating systems such as the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in the historical period. In this study, we evaluate the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 and 6 models based on the position of the ITCZ in the South Atlantic during the period in which it is climatologically further south (February–May). This period characterizes the rainy season of the Brazilian semiarid. The models were ranked according to two objective methods and validated through a qualitative analysis. The first method considered a success rate to evaluate the correct position of the areas with maximum precipitation and minimum pressure and meridional wind as representative of the mean position of the ITCZ. Among the 15 coupled GCMs analysed for each CMIP, those that best represented the position of the ITCZ were HADGEM.2‐AO, MIROC5 and CANESM2 from CMIP5 and CESM2 and MIROC6 from CMIP6. These models represented well the following characteristics of the ITCZ in February–May: maximum precipitation near the equator at the height of the coast of South America and with the wind convergence zone sloping north towards the African continent. The most common problem noticed in the other GCMs was to displace the ITCZ to the south of its observed mean position within the period February–May. Also, some GCMs presented a double ITCZ (GISS‐E2‐H, GDFL‐CM3 and IPSL‐CM5A‐LR from CMIP5 and INM‐CM5‐0 from CMIP6) following two high TSM cores. One GCM (ACCESS1‐3 from CMIP5) presented a relatively good performance, but the zone of greater precipitation was shifted to the east, being located in the centre of the Atlantic basin. Knowing how the GCMs represent the ITCZ is a criterion that must be considered when choosing the GCMs for climate change studies.