bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eco-environmental changes due to human activities in the Erhai Lake Basin from 1990 to 2020
Authors: Liu Xiaojie , Chen Junyi , Tang Bo-Hui , He Liang , Xu Yunshan , Yang Chao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHuman activities have increased with urbanisation in the Erhai Lake Basin, considerably impacting its eco-environmental quality (EEQ). This study aims to reveal the evolution and driving forces of the EEQ using water benefit–based ecological index (WBEI) in response to human activities and policy variations in the Erhai Lake Basin from 1990 to 2020. Results show that (1) the EEQ exhibited a pattern of initial degradation, subsequent improvement, further degradation and a rebound from 1990 to 2020, and the areas with poor and fair EEQ levels mainly concentrated around the Erhai Lake Basin with a high level of urbanisation and relatively flat terrain; (2) the EEQ levels were not optimistic in 1990, 1995 and 2015, and areas with poor and fair EEQ levels accounted for 43.41%, 47.01% and 40.05% of the total area, respectively; and (3) an overall improvement in the EEQ was observed in 1995–2000, 2000–2005, 2005–2009 and 2015–2020, and the improvement was most significant in 1995–2000, covering an area of 823.95 km2 and accounting for 31.79% of the total area. Results also confirmed that the EEQ changes in the Erhai Lake Basin were primarily influenced by human activities and policy variations. Moreover, these results can provide a scientific basis for the formulation and planning of sustainable development policy in the Erhai Lake Basin.
The effect of a rotating magnetic field on the antioxidant system in healthy volunteers - preliminary study
Authors: Cecerska-Heryć Elżbieta , Gliźniewicz Marta , Grygorcewicz Bartłomiej , Serwin Natalia , Stodolak Patrycja , Słodzińska Weronika , Birger Radosław , Goszka Małgorzata , Polikowska Aleksandra , Budkowska Marta , Rakoczy Rafał , Dołęgowska Barbara 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOxidative stress is characterized by an excessive concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting from a disturbance in the balance between ROS production and their removal by antioxidant systems (SOD, CAT, GPx). Prolonged and intense oxidative stress can cause various forms of damage to cells, which markers are total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reactive oxygen species modulator (ROMO1), and malondialdehyde (MDA). It has been demonstrated that magnetic fields can positively affect human health, for example, by reducing oxidative stress. Determination of the effect of a rotating magnetic field (RMF) on the activity/concentration of selected oxidative stress markers. A group of 30 healthy volunteers (15 women and 15 men) (mean age 24.8 ± 5.1) in the study classified into the following groups: internal control group (CG);1 h 25 Hz (samples placed in the field for one hour at 25 Hz); 3 h 25 Hz (samples placed in the field for 3 h at 25 Hz), the 1 h 50 Hz group ( placed in RMF for an hour at 50 Hz), and a group of 3 h 50 Hz (samples placed in the field for 3 h at 50 Hz). Serum samples were collected in K2EDTA tubes.. The magnetic induction value obtained for RMF is 37.06 mT and 42.64 mT.Activity/concentration of selected oxidative stress markers was analyzed by ELISA. The influence of an RMF on the activity/concentration of SOD, MDA, TAC, and ROMO1 was demonstrated (p < 0.001; p = 0.0013; p < 0.001; p = 0.003). The RFM can reduce oxidative stress, as evidenced by higher SOD and CAT activities in the CG than in samples placed in the RFM. Prolonged exposure to the RFM at 50 Hz increased the TAC level, indicating an intensification of oxidative stress in these samples. The optimal conditions for staying in the RFM (reducing oxidative stress) are 1 h 50 Hz for SOD and MDA; 3 h 25 Hz for CAT and TAC. In the case of ROMO1, it is stated that 1 h 25 Hz are the optimal conditions for no increased production of ROS.
Assessing the perioperative outcomes of abdominal drain omission after robot-assisted partial nephrectomy
Authors: Ditonno Francesco , Bertolo Riccardo , Veccia Alessandro , Costantino Sonia , Montanaro Francesca , Artoni Francesco , Baielli Alberto , Boldini Michele , Brusa Davide , De Marco Vincenzo , Migliorini Filippo , Porcaro Antonio Benito , Rizzetto Riccardo , Cerruto Maria Angela , Autorino Riccardo , Antonelli Alessandro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to evaluate the impact of abdominal drain placement (vs. omission) on perioperative outcomes of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN), focusing on complications, time to canalization, deambulation, and pain management. A prospectively-maintained institutional database was queried to get data of patients who underwent RAPN for renal masses between January 2018 and May 2023 at our Institution. Baseline, surgical, and postoperative data were collected. Retrieved patients were stratified based upon placement of abdominal drain (Y/N). Descriptive analyses comparing the two groups were conducted as appropriate. After adjusting for potential confounders, a logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate significant predictors of any grade and “major” complications. 342 patients were included: 192 patients in the “drain group” versus 150 patients in the “no-drain” group. Renal masses were larger (p < 0.001) and at higher complexity (RENAL score, p = 0.01), in the drain group. Procedures in the drain group had statistically significantly longer operative time, ischemia time, and higher blood loss (all p-values < 0.001). The urinary collecting system was more likely involved compared to the no-drain group (p = 0.01). At multivariate analysis, abdominal drainage was not a significant predictor of any grade (OR 0.79, 95%CI 0.33–1.87) and major postoperative complications (OR 3.62, 95%CI 0.53–9.68). Patients in the drain group experienced a statistically significantly higher hemoglobin drop (p < 0.01). Moreover, they exhibited statistically significant higher paracetamol consumption (p < 0.001) and need for additional opioids (p = 0.02). In summary, the study results suggest the safety of omitting drain placement and remark on the need for personalized decision-making, which considers patient and procedural factors.
A critique of using epitaxial criterion to discriminate between protogenetic and syngenetic mineral inclusions in diamond
Authors: Bruno Marco , Ghignone Stefano , Aquilano Dino , Nestola Fabrizio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDistinguishing syngenetic from protogenetic inclusions in natural diamonds is one of the most debated issues in diamond research. Were the minerals that now reside in inclusions in diamonds born before the diamond that hosts them (protogenesis)? Or did they grow simultaneously and by the same reaction (syngenesis)? Once previously published data on periclase [(Mg,Fe)O] and magnesiochromite (MgCr2O4) inclusions in diamond have been re-analysed, we show that the main arguments reported so far to support syngenesis between diamond and its mineral inclusions, definitely failed. Hence: (a) the epitaxial relationships between diamond and its mineral inclusion should no longer be used to support syngenesis, because only detecting an epitaxy does not tell us which was the nucleation substrate (there are evidences that in case of epitaxy, the inclusion acts as a nucleation substrate); (b) the morphology of the inclusion should no longer be used as well, as inclusions could be protogenetic regardless their shapes. Finally, we advance the hypothesis that the majority of inclusions in diamonds are protogenetic, e.g., they are constituent of rocks in which diamonds were formed and not products of reactions during diamond growth.
A new Mach–Zehnder interference temperature measuring sensor based on silica-based chip
Authors: Li Guoqiang , Li Tao , Liu Yongfang , Zheng Yuanjin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA new type of silicon-based Mach–Zehnder interference (MZI) temperature sensor chip with “mosquito coil” structure was designed. The sensor chip used a new MZI interference structure. After the light entered the chip, it split and interfered in the combiner of the chip. The change in the surrounding temperature will cause the refractive index of the waveguide to change, which will cause the output light intensity to change. The sensor used a frequency stabilized laser that was based on a Bragg grating fiber. The experimental results showed that this structure could achieve a resolution of 0.002 °C and measuring range of 30 °C.
Modulate the impact of the drowsiness on the resting state functional connectivity
Authors: Joliot Marc , Cremona Sandrine , Tzourio Christophe , Etard Olivier 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis research explores different methodologies to modulate the effects of drowsiness on functional connectivity (FC) during resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI). The study utilized a cohort of students (MRi-Share) and classified individuals into drowsy, alert, and mixed/undetermined states based on observed respiratory oscillations. We analyzed the FC group difference between drowsy and alert individuals after five different processing methods: the reference method, two based on physiological and a global signal regression of the BOLD time series signal, and two based on Gaussian standardizations of the FC distribution. According to the reference method, drowsy individuals exhibit higher cortico-cortical FC than alert individuals. First, we demonstrated that each method reduced the differences between drowsy and alert states. The second result is that the global signal regression was quantitively the most effective, minimizing significant FC differences to only 3.3% of the total FCs. However, one should consider the risks of overcorrection often associated with this methodology. Therefore, choosing a less aggressive form of regression, such as the physiological method or Gaussian-based approaches, might be a more cautious approach. Third and last, using the Gaussian-based methods, cortico-subcortical and intra-default mode network (DMN) FCs were significantly greater in alert than drowsy subjects. These findings bear resemblance to the anticipated patterns during the onset of sleep, where the cortex isolates itself to assist in transitioning into deeper slow wave sleep phases, simultaneously disconnecting the DMN.
Unique spatially and temporary-regulated/sex-specific expression of a long ncRNA, Nb-1, suggesting its pleiotropic functions associated with honey bee lifecycle
Authors: Tadano Hiroto , Kohno Hiroki , Takeuchi Hideaki , Kubo Takeo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHoney bees are social insects, and each colony member has unique morphological and physiological traits associated with their social tasks. Previously, we identified a long non-coding RNA from honey bees, termed Nb-1, whose expression in the brain decreases associated with the age-polyethism of workers and is detected in some neurosecretory cells and octopaminergic neurons, suggesting its role in the regulation of worker labor transition. Herein, we investigated its spatially and temporary-regulated/sex-specific expression. Nb-1 was expressed as an abundant maternal RNA during oogenesis and embryogenesis in both sexes. In addition, Nb-1 was expressed preferentially in the proliferating neuroblasts of the mushroom bodies (a higher-order center of the insect brain) in the pupal brains, suggesting its role in embryogenesis and mushroom body development. On the contrary, Nb-1 was expressed in a drone-specific manner in the pupal and adult retina, suggesting its role in the drone visual development and/or sense. Subcellular localization of Nb-1 in the brain during development differed depending on the cell type. Considering that Nb-1 is conserved only in Apidae, our findings suggest that Nb-1 potentially has pleiotropic functions in the expression of multiple developmental, behavioral, and physiological traits, which are closely associated with the honey bee lifecycle.
Soil respiration and its response to climate change and anthropogenic factors in a karst plateau wetland, southwest China
Authors: Jia Hongyu , Fei Xuehai , Zhu Jingyu , Chen Weiduo , Chen Rui , Liao Zhangze , Zhou Binghuang , Huang Yingqian , Du Haiqiang , Xu Peng , Zhang Xu , Li Wangjun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIt is important to investigate the responses of greenhouse gases to climate change (temperature, precipitation) and anthropogenic factors in plateau wetland. Based on the DNDC model, we used meteorological, soil, and land cover data to simulate the soil CO2 emission pattern and its responses to climate change and anthropogenic factors in Guizhou, China. The results showed that the mean soil CO2 emission flux in the Caohai Karst Plateau Wetland was 5.89 ± 0.17 t·C·ha−1·yr−1 from 2000 to 2019, and the annual variation showed an increasing trend with the rate of 23.02 kg·C·ha−1·yr−1. The soil total annual mean CO2 emissions were 70.62 ± 2.04 Gg·C·yr−1 (annual growth rate was 0.28 Gg·C·yr−1). Caohai wetland has great spatial heterogeneity. The emissions around Caohai Lake were high (the areas with high, middle, and low values accounted for 3.07%, 70.96%, and 25.97%, respectively), and the emission pattern was characterized by a decrease in radiation from Caohai Lake to the periphery. In addition, the cropland and forest areas exhibited high intensities (7.21 ± 0.15 t·C·ha−1·yr−1 and 6.73 ± 0.58 t·C·ha−1·yr−1, respectively) and high total emissions (54.97 ± 1.16 Gg·C·yr−1 and 10.24 ± 0.88 Gg·C·yr−1, respectively). Croplands and forests were the major land cover types controlling soil CO2 emissions in the Caohai wetland, while anthropogenic factors (cultivation) significantly increased soil CO2 emissions. Results showed that the soil CO2 emissions were positively correlated with temperature and precipitation; and the temperature change had a greater impact on soil respiration than the change in precipitation. Our results indicated that future climate change (increased temperature and precipitation) may promote an increase in soil CO2 emissions in karst plateau wetlands, and reasonable control measures (e.g. returning cropland to lakes and reducing anthropogenic factors) are the keys to controlling CO2 emissions.
Alkali metal modified Pt/EG-TiO2 catalysts for CO oxidation with efficient resistance to SO2 and H2O
Authors: Zhu Hongtai , Qiu Wenge , Wu Rui , Li Kai , He Hong 
Published: April 2024

Doping 0.15 wt% Na in Pt/EG-TiO2 catalysts could significantly improve the CO oxidation activity and resistance to SO2 and H2O, which provides a new route for the development and industrial applications of the Pt-based catalysts with good SO2 and H2O resistance.
Opportunities to Respond During Dyadic Caregiver–Child and Naturalistic Family Interactions Among Children With Down Syndrome: A Preliminary Investigation
Authors: Elmquist Marianne , Ford Andrea L. B. , Lorang Emily , Sterling Audra 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
Dyadic caregiver–child interactions are commonly used to examine children's language learning environments. However, children frequently interact with multiple caregivers and/or siblings if they come from homes with multiple caregivers and siblings. Thus, we examined if and how caregiver opportunities to respond (OTRs) varied when sampled across three interaction configurations.

Method:

Twelve children with Down syndrome (
M
age
= 40.82 months) and their biological parents participated in the current study. We collected separate mother–child and father–child dyadic interactions and one family choice interaction (i.e., both caregivers present and occasionally siblings) in families' homes. We analyzed if differences in the caregiver's OTR frequency and type—explicit and implicit—existed among dyadic and family choice configurations.

Results:

We found that, during family choice interactions, children were exposed to fewer OTRs when combining the total number of father and mother OTRs compared to dyadic caregiver–child interactions. This effect was large for explicit OTRs (mother-dyadic vs. combined family choice:
g
= −1.99, confidence interval [CI] [−3.00, −1.00]; father-dyadic vs. combined family choice:
g
= −0.84, CI [−1.84, −0.11]). For implicit OTRs, effects were small for mother-dyadic versus combined family choice (
g
= −0.34, CI [−1.17, 0.48]) and negligible when comparing father-dyadic with combined family choice (
g
= −0.08, CI [−0.90, 0.73]).

Conclusion:
Our preliminary findings highlight the need for a more nuanced understanding of children's language learning environments to better understand how caregivers support their children's language development.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25579905
The role of heating in the formation and the dynamics of YSO jets
Authors: Meskini C. , Sauty C. , Marcowith A. , Vlahakis N. , Brunn V. 
Published: April 2024

Context. Theoretical arguments as well as observations of young stellar objects (YSOs) support the presence of a diversified circumstellar environment. A stellar jet is thought to account for most of the stellar spin down and disk wind outflow for the observed high mass-loss rate, thus playing a major role in the launching of powerful jets. RY Tau, for instance, is an extensively studied intermediate mass pre-main sequence star. Observational data reveal a small-scale jet called micro-jet. Nevertheless, it is not clear how the micro-jet shapes the jet observed at a large scale.
Aims. The goal is to investigate the spatial stability and structure of the central jet at a large scale by mixing the stellar and disk components.
Methods. Two existing analytical self-similar models for the disk and the stellar winds to build the initial setups. Instead of using a polytropic equation of state, we mapped the heating and cooling sources from the analytical solutions. The heating exchange rate was controlled by two parameters, its spatial extent and its intensity.
Results. The central jet and the surrounding disk are strongly affected by these two parameters. We separate the results into three categories, which show different emissivity, temperature, and velocity maps. We reached this categorization by looking at the opening angle of the stellar solution. For cylindrically, well-collimated jets, we have opening angles as low as 10° between 8 − 10 au, and for the wider jets, we can reach 30° with a morphology closer to radial solar winds.
Conclusions. Our parametric study shows that the less heated the outflow is, the more collimated it appears. We also show that recollimation shocks appear consistently with UV observations in terms of temperature but not density.
Thyroglobulin Antibodies and Tumor Epitope-Specific Cellular Immunity
in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Allelein Stephanie , Ehlers Margret , Thoma Taina , Mattes-György Katalin , Antke Christina , Mamlins Eduards , Muchalla Mareike , Giesel Frederik , Schott Matthias 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is characterized by T cell infiltration and
frequently by the presence of anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAbs). The role of
cellular immunity and of TbAbs in this context is a matter of debate. The aim of
our study was to correlate the presence of TgAbs, tumor epitope-specific T cells
and the clinical outcome of PTC patients. We studied n=183 consecutive patients
with a diagnosis of PTC which were treated with total thyroidectomy plus
131I ablation. During a follow-up of in mean 97 months, most of
the PTC patients had no signs of tumor relapse (n=157 patients). In contrast,
one patient had serum Tg levels above the detection limit and<1 ng/ml, two
patients Tg serum levels≥1 ng/ml and<2 ng/ml and n=23 patients had Tg serum
levels≥2 ng/ml. Morphological signs of tumor recurrence were seen in 14
patients; all of these patients had serum Tg levels≥2 ng/ml. Importantly, with
the exception of one patient, all TgAb positive PTC patients (n=27) had no signs
of tumor recurrence as the serum Tg levels were below the assays functional
sensitivities. Tetramer analyses revealed a higher number of tumor
epitope-specific CD8+T cells in TgAb positive patients compared to TgAb negative
PTC patients. In summary, we show that the occurrence of TgAbs may have an
impact on the clinical outcome in PTC patients. This might be due to a tumor
epitope-specific cellular immunity in PTC patients.
Vortex beam induced spatial modulation of quantum-optical effects in a coherent atomic medium
Authors: Panchadhyayee Pradipta , Banerjee Aniket , Kumar Dutta Bibhas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We have studied two-dimensional absorption, gain, and corresponding refractive index profiles in a ladder-type three-level atomic system interacting with three coherent fields. One is a weak probe field considered as a plane wave, while the other two are the control fields taken as two Laguerre–Gaussian doughnut beams. Position dependence of two vortex beams induces the spatially modulated coherence at the condition of resonance, which enables us to obtain space-dependent absorption, transparency, gain without inversion (GWI), and refractive index enhancement in the present scheme. The azimuthal modulation of coherence effects is attributed to the presence of optical angular momentum of the vortex beams. Under the influence of an additional travelling wave field with the presence of two vortex beams, the present model leads us to obtain an ultra-large enhancement of refractive index at the resonant detuning of the fields. This phenomenon makes the atom-field system to play the equivalent role of a high-refractive-index prism. The role of near dipole–dipole (NDD) interaction on the modulation of position-dependent coherence effects has also been investigated. It has been shown that, without any inclusion of the travelling wave field in the system, the phenomenon of resonant enhancement of refractive index may also occur in the presence of NDD effect. The new way of generating spatially controlled GWI and nonlinear refractive index enhancement is specific to the present model. This work seems to be useful for finding its applications in spatially modulated coherence controlled electromagnetically induced transparency-based quantum devices like quantum optical memory, switches, and quantum logic gates, where the refractive index switching phenomenon is a prerequisite.
Toward flexible piezoresistive strain sensors based on polymer nanocomposites: a review on fundamentals, performance, and applications
Authors: del Bosque Antonio , Sánchez-Romate Xoan F , Sánchez María , Ureña Alejandro 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The fundamentals, performance, and applications of piezoresistive strain sensors based on polymer nanocomposites are summarized herein. The addition of conductive nanoparticles to a flexible polymer matrix has emerged as a possible alternative to conventional strain gauges, which have limitations in detecting small strain levels and adapting to different surfaces. The evaluation of the properties or performance parameters of strain sensors such as the elongation at break, sensitivity, linearity, hysteresis, transient response, stability, and durability are explained in this review. Moreover, these nanocomposites can be exposed to different environmental conditions throughout their lifetime, including different temperature, humidity or acidity/alkalinity levels, that can affect performance parameters. The development of flexible piezoresistive sensors based on nanocomposites has emerged in recent years for applications related to the biomedical field, smart robotics, and structural health monitoring. However, there are still challenges to overcome in designing high-performance flexible sensors for practical implementation. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on flexible piezoresistive strain sensors based on polymer nanocomposites, which can be a viable option to address some of the major technological challenges that the future holds.