bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidation of Ferrous Ions in Aqueous Solutions by Cobalt-60 Gamma Rays. II. Effect of Anions at High Dose
Authors: Hotta Hiroshi , Ohno Shin-ichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The G(Fe3+) of air-free acidic ferrous sulfate solutions decreases gradually with the increase of dose due to the re-reduction of ferric ion produced. The decrement depends on the property of anion as well as sulfuric acid in the solution in the order of
Cl−&gt;Br−&gt;SO42−&gt;F−
The relative reduction rate of ferric complexes is obtained in Table IV as a result of the estimation of respective complexes in the solution ; that is, ferric chloride and bromide complexes promote the reduction of ferric ion, and ferric sulfate and fluoride complexes suppress it.
Raman Spectra of p-Dichlorobenzene and p-Dichlorobenzene-d4
Authors: Saëki Shinnosuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The Raman spectra of ordinary and deuterated p-dichlorobenzene were measured in solutions. The qualitative depolarization ratios of observed Raman lines were also measured by the two exposure method using the polaroid cylinders. On the basis of these results, the assignments of normal vibrations for these substances were determined. The assignments for the in-plane normal vibrations (species Ag and B3g) were verified applying the product rule.
Photoconductivity of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
Authors: Sano Mizuka 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The voltage, light intensity, and temperature dependences for photocurrent in multi-ring compounds were studied as well as the photocurrent produced by the limited-area illumination. The photocurrent was found to be ohmic over the range of voltage employed. The photocurrent increased linearly with the intensity of light in the region of low light intensity, while it increased as the fractional power of the light intensity in the region of high intensity. The photocurrent increased with an increase of the temperature, and the activation energy of the photocurrent was found to be independent of the wavelength and the intensity of illumination.
The signs of the thermoelectric power as well as the polarity for the maximum photocurrent, and the experiment on the limited-area illumination indicated that the conduction in polycyclic aromatic compounds was due predominantly to electrons which were generated in the bulk of aromatic film.
Non-Empirical Calculation of the π-Electronic Structure of Cyclobutadiene Molecule by Valence Bond Method
Authors: Takekiyo Shozaburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
π -Electronic energy levels, probalities of the resonance structures, and bond orders of cyclobutdiene molecule have been calculated by the valence bond method on the bases of two ways, one is based on non-orthogonal atomic orbitals and the other on their orthogonali-zation. Calculated ionic characters are 21.517% (ground 1B2g state), 29.946% (first excited 1A1g state) in the former and 32.293%, 38.280% in the latter. Bond orders between neighboring carbon atoms are 1.445, 1.410 and 1.416, 1.385 respectively.
Studies on Tritium Labeled Compounds. IV. Preparation of Tritium Labeled Alanine by Means of Electric Discharge
Authors: Sato Yoshishige , Takahashi Tadao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
To obtain tritium labeled alanine of a high specific activity by means of electric discharge, α-hydroximinopropionic acid was employed in place of alanine. After electric discharge, tritium labeled α-hydroximinopropionic acid was removed by ether extraction and the residue was chromatographed. Tritium labeled alanine was obtained with a specific activity of 4.4 μc./mg. which was two hundred times as great as that obtained by the use of alanine.
Thermodynamic Studies on Cobalt Complexes. VIII. Some Information about Diaquotetramminecobalt(III) Complexes and Thermal Dissociation of the Corresponding Chloride
Authors: Mori Motoshichi , Tsuchiya Ryokichi , Takemura Shuji , Matsuda Eisei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The visible and ultraviolet absorption spectra of diaquotetramminecobalt(III) perchlorate were measured and its decomposition process was discussed on the basis of the thermal analytical data.
The decomposition pressure of diaquotetramminecobalt(III) chloride was measured and the free energy of formation of aquochlorotetramminecobalt(III) chloride which was the product of the decomposition was calculated.
The infrared absorption and X-ray diffraction were measured for diaquotetramminecobalt(III) and aquopentamminecobalt(III) perchlorates and the relationships between the dimension of the unit cell and the coordinate bond strength, Co–N, were discussed.
Chemical Use of the Absorption of Soft γ-Rays, β-Ray-excited X-Rays and K-Capture X-Rays. I. Improvement in Fundamental Technique and Introduction of a Differential Absorption Method
Authors: Nozaki Tadashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Studies for the improvement of fundamental techniques for the chemical use of the absorption of soft γ-rays, β-ray-excited X-rays and K-capture X-rays were undertaken. The exponential absorption curve, which is essential for the measurement of the accurate absorption coefficient and for many quantitative works, was obtained by the use of a proper detection method and the differential absorption technique, even in the presence of some photons having various energies. The relationship between the absorption coefficient thus obtained and the photon energy proved to agree with the theoretical result.
Physicochemical Studies on Cobalt Salts of Higher Fatty Acids. I. Preparation of Cobalt Soap by Metathesis
Authors: Kambe Hirotaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
As a method of preparation of cobalt soap, metathesis between alkaline soap and cobalt salt was investigated.
Cobalt stearate, palmitate and myristate were obtained in pink, blue and red forms according to conditions. Cobalt laurate in blue form was not observed.
Metathetic products were always pink at the beginning. If the system has a solvent ratio (solvent to water) higher than 1 : 1, and the solution after mixing is acidic, the color of soap will turn blue with stirring. It will change red later when left in the solution. The blue form could not be obtained with acetone or methanol as a solvent.
The speed of the color change became considerably slower with fatty acid of a shorter chain length.
In substitution reaction between stearic acid and cobalt acetate with a solvent ratio higher than 1 : 1, the same color changes were observed. But in this system the addition of some alkali suppressed markedly the color change, and at an exactly neutralized metathetic reaction the soap did not turn blue. Even in this case, when acetone was used instead of ethanol, the color change was observed, but the speed was very slow.
Physicochemical Studies on Cobalt Salts of Higher Fatty Acids. II Compositions of Cobalt Soaps
Authors: Kambe Hirotaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Pink, blue and red cobalt stearates were analyzed and their compositions were determined. From these results, it has been confirmed that blue soap is anhydrate and red soap is dihydrate. The pink soap has a rather indefinite composition nearer to red soap. A mechanism of the color changes was proposed based on the inversion of the micelle structure under some circumstances.
Physicochemical Studies on Cobalt Salts of Higher Fatty Acids. III. Spectrophotometric Specifications of Colors of Cobalt Soaps
Authors: Kambe Hirotaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The colors of three species of cobalt stearates were specified by I. C. I. chromaticity coefficients. Reflection spectra have been compared with each other, and it has been found that these colors are continuous in nature.
Pink soaps have dominant wavelengths in a wide range from 520c∼555c mμ and show small purities and large brightnesses. Red soaps have essentially the same dominant wavelengths as that of pink soaps at 530c∼540c mμ, but they show comparatively large purities and small brightnesses, because they are darker than pink soaps. They must be called magenta in color language.
Blue soaps must be called violet rigorously, for they show dominant wavelengths at about 450 mμ. They have larger purities and smaller brightnesses. Between blue and pink, many tones of color from violet to purple exist continuously. It is certain that these colors are related to each other.
The pale pink cobalt stearates obtained in aqueous methanol were specified in the same way.
Physicochemical Studies on Cobalt Salts of Higher Fatty Acids. IV. Ionic Nature of Cobalt Soaps, Revealed in Infrared Absorption Spectra and Magnetic Susceptibilities
Authors: Kambe Hirotaro , Mita Itaru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The infrared absorption spectra and the magnetic susceptibilities of red dihydrate and blue anhydrate of cobalt stearate were measured. The infrared spectra showed the existence of carboxylate ion in these soaps, and magnetic measurements confirmed that they are ionic in nature.
The magnetic moments of red and blue cobalt stearates showed that they are spin-free or ionic covalent complexes. The geometry of red soap is six-covalent octahedral, and that of blue is four-covalent tetrahedral. Structure formulas were proposed for them in correspondence with these geometries, but they may be improbable because of the existence of unstable rings of four members. Alternative formulas, in which a carboxyl group joins two cobalt ions, might be considered but have not yet been given.
The Beckmann Rearrangement of 1,2-Cyclohexane-dione Dioxime in Liquid Sulfur Dioxide
Authors: Tokura Niichiro , Tada Ritsuro , Yokoyama Kunio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Three different reagents, thionyl chloride, bromine and sulfur trioxide in liquid sulfur dioxide were reacted on 1,2-cyclohexanedione dioxime to yield cyclohexano[c]-1,2,5-oxadiazole, 1-aza-7-oximinocyclohepta-2-one and δ-cyanovaleric acid respectively. Only the bromine in liquid sulfur dioxdie effected the Beckmann rearrangement. Thionyl chloride caused a dehydrative condensation, as has been reported previously. Sulfur trioxide yielded a product resulting from a deoximative cleavage. The reasons for the different processes and the different products have been discussed.
The Raman Spectra of 1,3,5-Trichlorobenzene and 1,3,5-Trichlorobenzene-d3
Authors: Saëki Shinnosuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The Raman spectra and the qualitative depolarization ratio of each line were observed for the solutions of 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene and 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene-d3. The assignments of Raman active normal vibrations of these substances were carried out from the results of these measurements. The assignments for species A1′ and E′ proved to be correct from the application of the product rule, showing a good accordance between theoretical and calculated ratios of products of the frequencies. However, the application of the product rule was impossible for species E″ because of unobserved frequencies.
Raman Spectra of 1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene and 1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene-d2
Authors: Saëki Shinnosuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The Raman spectra of 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene and 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene-d2 were measured in their dissolved states in methanol and carbon tetrachloride. The depolarization ratio of each Raman line was also observed qualitatively by the two-exposure method, using polaroid cylinders. On the basis of these experimental results, the assignment of normal vibrations was determined. The verification of the proposed assignments by means of the product rule was impossible for most of the species because of some unobserved normal vibrations. But, for species Ag, good agreement was obtained between the theoretical and observed values of the product of the frequencies for each substance, and the correctness of the assignment was thus verified.
Visco-elastic Behaviors of Aluminum Soap-Hydrocarbon Systems. II. Aluminum Soaps in Nujol
Authors: Shiba Sukekuni 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Dynamic visco-elastic behaviors of aluminum soaps from various fatty acids and aluminum stearates of different compositions in nujol were studied, using a forced oscillation rheometer. The systems behave always as typical visco-elastic bodies in a wide range of concentrations and temperatures. Aluminum palmitate, myristate, and laurate show properties similar to stearate, whereas caprate and caprylate show less effects on rheological properties. Optimum composition of aluminum stearate as thickener was obtained. Rheological structures in the systems were discussed and comparison of the results by static and dynamic measurements was made.
Studies on Dehydroalanine Derivatives. III. Formation of Amino Acids from Poly-dehydroalanine
Authors: Sakakibara Shumpei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Reaction of poly-dehydroalanine with various reagents such as potassium carbonate, potassium cyanide, benzyl mercaptane and acetonitrile were studied. In every reaction mixture, alanine, glycine, serine, threonine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid and several unknown amino acids were detected. Ultraviolet-radiation resulted in the liberation of greater amounts of glycine. It was observed that considerable amounts of aspartic acid, S-benzyl-cysteine and glutamic acid were formed in reaction mixtures of potassium cyanide, benzyl mercaptane and acetonitrile, respectively.
Absorption Spectra of Unstable Colored Intermediates from Picryl Chloride by the Action of Sodium Hydroxide
Authors: Abe Takehiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The red solution prepared by adding sodium hydroxide to an aqueous picryl chloride solution containing a small quantity of ethanol, was relatively stable even at room temperature. The red solution showing the two bands at about 416 and 490 mμ, changed into the yellow solution showing the band similar to that of picric acid under the same condition. Accordingly, the 416 and 490 mμ bands may be due to the intermediate of Meisenheimer’s type in the process of the substitution reaction of picryl chloride to picric acid.
In the presence of sodium hydroxide, picryl chloride in ethanol as well as in acetone finally gave the absorption bands analogous to that of picric acid in water containing ethanol. The red solutions in ethanol and in acetone, therefore, would be due to the same intermediate.
Diamagnetic Behavior of Some Aliphatic Molecules in Crystals
Authors: Mookherji A , Mookherji S N , Neogy D 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The principal magnetic susceptibilities of single crystals of some aliphatic mono- and di-basic acids and their salts have been measured and the results have been correlated with the fine structure studies of the crystals by X-ray methods. It is observed that the anisotropy per -COOH group is 5 units, which increases by nearly 2 units if two parts of (Remark: Graphics omitted.) groups are not in the same plane.
The observed extra diamagnetism normal to the plane of the carboxylic groups, if attributed to resonance, the calculated energy compares very favourably with that deduced by Pauling from a consideration of the heat of formation of molecules and the lowering of the susceptibility from Pascal’s value is then well understood.
Studies on Heavy-Nitrogen Labeled Compounds. III. Preparation of 15N-Labeled α-Hydroximinopropionic Acid
Authors: Sato Yoshishige , Meshi Teruhiko , Sugimoto Norio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
By use of K15NO3 as a starting material, α-hydroximinopropionic acid-15N was synthesized in accordance with the following reactions:
K15NO3→K15NO2→15NH2OH→CH3C(=15NOH)COOH
The above reactions were carried out without separating any intermediate products. The yield of α-hydroximinopropionic acid-15N was about 61% on the basis of K15NO3.
A Synthesis of an Octahydrophenanthrene Derivative
Authors: Matsumoto Takeshi , Suzuki Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Ethyl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-oxo-5-methoxy-1-naphthyl acetate (IIIb) has been synthesized. Condensation of IIIb with 1-diethylaminobutan-3-one methiodide afforded an anomalous product VI. Treatment of VI with isopropenyl acetate in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid gave rise to an acetate VIII, while on treatment with alkali and then with acid, a hydrophenanthrene lactone IX was obtained.
Interaction Polarization of the Hydrogen Bonded Complexes. II
Authors: Kimura Ko , Fujishiro Ryoichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The dielectric measurements were carried out for benzyl alcohol + α, α′-bipyridyl, benzyl alcohol + triethylamine, phenol + α, α′-bipyridyl and phenol + triethylamine by using benzene as a solvent, and the polarization value for each system was calculated. The additional moments due to complex formation were evaluated, as in the previous paper, from both the polarization data and the spectroscopically determined formation constants. Then the weight of structure III was estimated and correlated with the wave number shift Δν of the OH stretching vibration.
Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding in α-Keto and α-Alkoxycarboxylic Acids. III. Comparison of the Spectra in the Carbonyl Region with Those in the O-H Stretching Region
Authors: \={O}ki Michinori , Hirota Minoru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The νC=O and the νO−H absorption of carboxylic acids were measured and the following conclusion was obtained; 1) The carboxylic acids carrying a proton-accepting group at α position give three absorption bands at ca. 1790cm−1, ca. 1760cm−1 and 1740∼1710cm−1, which can be assigned to the trans form of the monomeric acid, the cis form of the mono-meric acid and the dimer, respectively. 2) The Δνmax between the cis and the trans forms can be explained from an intramolecular hydrogen bonding between carboxylic hydroxyl and carbonyl groups.
Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding in α-Keto and α-Alkoxycarboxylic Acids. IV. Electronic Effect in Aryloxyacetic Acids
Authors: \={O}ki Michinori , Hirota Minoru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electronic effect on the hydrogen bonding formation in aryloxyacetic acid was examined. It is found that the electronrepelling groups enhance the band at the lower frequency in O–H stretching region and the band at ca. 1790 cm−1. The result is completely agreeable with the expectation that the electron density on the oxygen atom in the aryloxyl group controls the hydrogen bonding formation.
Monolayer Studies on Polyanhydro-l-glutamic and Polyanhydro-l-aspartic Acids
Authors: Ikeda Shoichi , Isemura Toshizo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
To examine the structures of polyanhydro-l-glutamic acid and polyanhydro-l-aspartic acid, we have studied their monolayer properties and compared them with those of poly-Dl-pyrrolidone-2-carboxylic acid and poly-l-succinimide. It was found that polyanhydro-l-glutamic acid is not identical with polypyr-rolidone carboxylic acid but with poly-l-glutarimide, which has a rigidly folded configuration even in monolayer. This conclusion is in agreement with the results obtained by other methods. It was shown, however, that polyanhydro-l-aspartic acid can not be identified with poly-l-succinimide but it might be a copolymer of l-succinimide and l-aspartic acid.
On the Orientational Order-Disorder Transition in Crystalline Aniline Hydrobromide
Authors: Suga Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Measurements of the heat capacity (−80∼+60°C) and the thermal expansion (−40∼+60°C) of aniline hydrobromide were carried out covering the transition temperature which has been observed recently by X-ray methods. The observed heat capacity versus temperature curve was of the λ-shape, similar to that of the order-disorder phase transition of binary alloy systems. The following results were obtained ; Tc (the temperature corresponding to the heat capacity peak) 22°C, ΔH (heat of transition, −70∼+35°C) ±10cal./mol., ΔS (entropy of transition, the same temperature interval) 1.10±0.05 e. u., ΔCp (drop of heat capacity at Tc)∼9 cal./mol. deg. Also the anomalous behavior of thermal expansion was observed in the vicinity of the critical temperature. These observations showed that the transition was of higher order nature.
Based on the lits of knowledge of the crystal structures above and below the critical temperature, the author has discussed the main feature of the phase transition from the sandpoint of the orientational order-disorder of the −NH3+ ionic group and obtained fairly satisfactory results.
Effect of Solvent on Carbonyl Stretching Frequency of Ketones
Authors: Inuzuka K\={o}z\={o} , Ito Mitsuo , Imanishi Sunao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The C=O stretching frequencies in acetone, mesityl oxide, acetophenone and benzophenone were measured in various solvents and the frequency shifts induced by solvents were interpreted by McRae’s theoretical equation. Results show that the observed shifts can be explained in terms of the coöperating interactions between solute and solvent molecules.
Next, the intensity of the C=O group vibration bands of these ketones was observed and compared with bond moment derivatives calculated by diatomic molecular appoximation. Small changes of about 1 D/Å were observed for polar and nonpolar solvents. The increase of the bond moment derivative value in a hydrogen bonding system was attributed to the charge transfer force.
Magnetic and Spectrophotometric Studies on the Decoloration of Thiocyanatoiron(III) Complexes in Solutions. II. Effect of Acids
Authors: Miyake Chie 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Magnetic and spectrophotometric measurements have been carried out for the purpose of determining which of the proposed three types of dimers is most probable. The results obtained show that the second one with chloride ion bridges can safely be neglected. The existence of the first type with hydroxo bridges can be considered to be plausible.
Magnetic and Spectrophotometric Studies on the Decoloration of Thiocyanatoiron(III) Complexes in Solutions. III. Structure of Thiocyanatoiron(III) Complex in Organic Solvents
Authors: Miyake Chie 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Thiocyanatoiron(III) complex was extracted by organic solvents. The magnetic moment of the complex was found to be 6.0 Bohr magnetons which is characteristic of the iron(III) complexes possessing the outer orbital type of binding. The absorption spectrum in the visible region of the complex shows the maximum of absorbance at 511 mμ.
Iodine-Catalyzed Thermal cis-trans Isomerization of Stilbene
Authors: Yamashita Shigeru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The iodine-catalyzed thermal cis → trans conversion of stilbene has been studied kinetically in n-hexane in temperature range 62.0∼68.8°C. The reaction rate obtained spectrophotometrically has been found to be proportional to the concentration of cis-stilbene and to the square root of iodine concentration. The overall activation energy has been found to be 25 kcal./mol. The results have been interpreted in terms of the thermal dissociation of iodine molecules followed by the formation of a transient complex between cis-stilbene and atomic iodine.
Bile Acids and Steroids. XX. Studies on the Hog Bile Acids (Part 4). Synthesis of 3β, 6β-Dihydroxy-5β-cholanoic Acid and 3β, 6α-Dihydroxy-5α-cholanoic Acid
Authors: Kawanami Jun’ichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) 3β, 6β-Dihydroxy-5β-cholanoic acid was synthesized from methyl 3β-hydroxy-Δ5-cholenoate in high yield.
(2) 3β, 6α-Dihydroxy-5α-cholanoic acid was also synthesized from 3β-hydroxy-6-oxo-5α-cholanoic acid or 3, 6-dioxo-5α-cholanoic acid.
Ultraviolet Spectra of N-Heterocyclic Systems. I. The Anions of Uracils
Authors: Nakanishi Koji , Suzuki Noboru , Yamazaki Futaba 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In aqueous solutions uracil exists predominantly in the diketo form, whereas in alkaline solutions it exists as an approximately 1:1 mixture of two deprotonated forms. The two deprotonated anions show ultraviolet absorptions similar to the anions of 1-methyluracil and 3-methyluracil, and the main contributing canonical structures which give rise to the general absorption feature of the anions are discussed. The peak shifts accompanying N-alkylation or deprotonation may be summarized in a simple empirical rule. Individual ionization constants have also been estimated.
The results of uracil can be extended to thymine, uridine, thymidine, and their phosphates. The pesent method can probably be extended to other systems containing two dissociable protons.