bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon emissions from road transportation in China: From past to the future
Authors: Teng Wen-Tao , Zhang Qian-Qian , Guo Zhao , Ying Guang-Guo , Zhao Jian-Liang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Road transportation is an important contributor to carbon emissions. China’s car ownership is rapidly increasing, ranking first worldwide; however, there are limited data about carbon emission inventories. This study assesses carbon emissions from road transportation from the past to the future across China, using market survey, COPERT (Computer Programme to Calculate Emissions from Road Transport) model, and a combination method of principal component analysis and back propagation neural network. From 2000–2020, the national carbon emissions from road transportation grew from 11.9 to 33.8 Mt CO2e, accounting for 0.47% of national total emissions by then. Trucks generally emit a higher proportion of total emissions than passenger cars; however, the emission proportion of passenger cars has increased yearly. The carbon emissions at prefecture-level show an urban agglomeration trend, decreasing from the eastern coastal areas to central China. Future car ownership is expected to grow rapidly at 3.1% during 2021–2049, but only half of that growth rate during 2051–2060. Those vehicles are expected to contribute carbon emissions of 27.2–39.1 Mt CO2e under different scenarios in 2060. Reducing the carbon emission coefficient, combined with a reasonable new energy vehicle growth scenario, is an efficient method for reducing national carbon levels. This work details the carbon emission inventories associated with road transportation in China, and provides basic data for developing a better carbon reduction policy for China’s car industry.
Can the green credit policy achieve synergizing the reduction of pollution and carbon emissions? Evidence from China
Authors: Liu Xiaorui , Guo Wen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Numerous discussions have taken place regarding the influence of the green credit policy (GCP) on carbon and pollution reduction. However, there is a dearth of research on synergizing the reduction of pollution and carbon emissions (SRPC). This paper aims to investigate the potential of GCP to achieve SRPC by analyzing the Green Credit Guidelines implemented in China. Firstly, the findings reveal that GCP significantly contributes to SRPC by upgrading the industrial structure and optimizing energy consumption. However, the promotion of SRPC through technological innovation is deemed ineffective. Additionally, the impact of GCP on SRPC is more prominent in the industrial sector, while it bears no significant influence on the household sector. Lastly, GCP demonstrates success in achieving SRPC in terms of waste gas and common industrial solid waste, but falls short when it comes to wastewater and hazardous waste. This research paper provides a theoretical foundation for GCP to effectively realize SRPC and offers insights to further enhance the policy framework of green finance in China.
Phosphorylation inhibits intramolecular interactions, DNA-binding and protein interactions of Claspin through disordered/ structured conformation transition
Authors: Masai Hisao , You Zhiying , Hsiao Hao-Wen , Yang Chi-Chun , Goto Hidemasa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Claspin, known to be highly disordered, plays important roles in replication fork progression, initiation and cellular responses to replication stress. However, regulation of its structure and molecular interactions is not completely understood. We show here, through Proximity-Ligation-Assays, the evidence for intramolecular interaction between the N- and C-terminal segments of Claspin, which depends on the Acidic-Patch [AP] segment near its C-terminus. Interaction of Claspin with DNA and replication factors is highly stimulated in ∆AP mutant and by prior dephosphorylation. The wild-type Claspin inhibits the helicase activity of MCM in an AP-dependent manner. ∆AP and dephosphorylated Claspin exhibit resistance to trypsin digestion compared to wild-type, suggesting the presence of structural domains in the formers. We propose that Claspin is converted from disordered (closed) to structured (open) conformation at initiation, which stimulates its DNA binding and interaction with replication factors and counteracts its helicase inhibitory activity to trigger initiation of DNA replication.
Linking Land Use and Precipitation Changes to Water Quality changes in Lake Victoria Using Remote Sensing
Authors: Nakkazi Maria Theresa , Nkwasa Albert , Martinez Analy Baltodano , Griensven Ann van 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Due to the continued increase in land use changes and changing climatic patterns in the Lake Victoria basin, understanding the impacts of these changes on the water quality of Lake Victoria is imperative for safeguarding the integrity of the freshwater ecosystem. Thus, we analyzed spatial and temporal patterns of land cover, precipitation, and water quality changes in the Lake Victoria basin from 2000 to 2022 using processed remote sensing (RS) data. Focusing on chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and turbidity (TUR) in Lake Victoria, we used statistical metrics (correlation coefficient, trend analysis, change budget, and intensity analysis) to understand the relationship between land use and precipitation changes in the basin with changes in Chl-a and TUR at two major pollution hotspots on the lake i.e. Winam Gulf and Inner Murchison Bay (IMB). Results show that the Chl-a and TUR concentrations in the Winam gulf increase with increases in precipitation. Through increases in precipitation, the erosion risks are increased and transport of nutrients from land to the lake system, promoting algal growth and turbidity. In the IMB, Chl-a and TUR concentrations decrease with increase in precipitation, possibly due to dilution, but peak during moderate rainfall. Interestingly, LULC changes showed no substantial correlation with water quality changes at selected hotspot areas even though LULC change analysis showed a notable 300% increase in built-up areas across the Lake Victoria basin. These findings underscore the dominant influence of precipitation changes over LULC changes on the water quality of Lake Victoria for the selected hotspot areas.
Interfering PTBP1 expression inducing M2 macrophage polarization via miR-124/MAPK pathway
Authors: Wu Tongtong , Lei Shuangyin , Yu Qi , Wang Miaomiao , Li Meiying , Chi Guangfan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Modulating the polarization phenotype of macrophages from M1 to M2 type appears to offer significant potential for treating CNS diseases, such as spinal cord injury and stroke. Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1) is an indispensable RNA-binding protein that participates in nearly all stages of RNA maturation, with particular importance in pre-mRNA splicing. However, the role of PTBP1 in macrophage polarization remains much less explored. In this study, we investigated the impact of PTBP1 on macrophage polarization and unveiled its potential molecular mechanism.
Methods
Firstly, we employed immunostaining techniques to evaluate the expression of PTBP1 in macrophages infiltrating the spinal cord injury area and cerebral ischemic zone. RAW264.7 cells were induced to M1 macrophages by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Immunofluorescence staining and western blotting were used to detect the expression and localization of PTBP1 before and after induction. Additionally, PTBP1siRNA was utilized in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells to specifically knock down PTBP1 expression. We subsequently examined the impact of PTBP1 inhibition on the phenotypic and metabolic alterations in macrophage polarization. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis was employed to screen differentially expressed genes in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells before and after PTBP1 inhibition, enabling us to identify significant signaling pathways related to PTBP1. Finally, qRT-PCR and western blot were conducted to validate the molecular mechanism by which PTBP1 regulates the polarization of M1/M2 macrophages.
Results
PTBP1 was highly expressed in M1 macrophages infiltrating the spinal cord injury area and cerebral ischemic zone. In LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, PTBP1 tended to be located in the nucleus. Inhibiting PTBP1 resulted in downregulation of M1-like genes (inducible nitric oxide synthase [iNOS, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, and interleukin [IL]-6) and upregulation of M2-like genes (Arginase [ARG]-1, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor [TGF]-β1). In addition, there was a shift in macrophage metabolism from M1-type glycolysis to M2-type aerobic oxidation. PTBP1 inhibition enhanced the expression of mature miR-124, thereby suppressing the activation of the downstream MAPK pathway.
Conclusion
PTBP1 shifts the polarization phenotype of macrophages via regulating microRNA-124 (miR-124)/mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway and glucose metabolism. PTBP1 may be a novel therapeutic target for macrophages polarization related-CNS injuries.
Oncolytic adenovirus encoding LHPP exerts potent antitumor effect in lung cancer
Authors: Wang Yigang , Zhao Yaru , Wang Xiaoyan , Jia xiaoyuan , Liu Huihui , Zhan Qi , Jin Hao , Wang Yiqiang , Wang Hui , Huang Biao , Huang Fang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
LHPP has been shown to be a new tumor suppressor, and has a tendency to be under-expressed in a variety of cancers. Oncolytic virotheray is a promising therapeutics for lung cancer in recent decade years. Here we successfully constructed a new recombinant oncolytic adenovirus GD55-LHPP and investigated the effect of GD55-LHPP on the growth of lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that LHPP had lower expression in either lung cancer cells or clinical lung cancer tissues compared with normal cells or tissues, and GD55-LHPP effectively mediated LHPP expression in lung cancer cells. GD55-LHPP could effectively inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cell lines and rarely affected normal cell growth. Mechanically, the oncolytic adenovirus GD55-LHPP was able to induce stronger apoptosis of lung cancer cells compared with GD55 through the activation of caspase signal pathway. Notably, GD55-LHPP also activated autophagy-related signal pathway. Further, GD55-LHPP efficiently inhibited tumor growth in lung cancer xenograft in mice and prolonged animal survival rate compared with the control GD55 or PBS. In conclusion, the novel construct GD55-LHPP provides a valuable strategy for lung cancer-targeted therapy and develop the role of tumor suppress gene LHPP in lung cancer gene therapy.
Current status of plastic surgery department interaction from interhospital transfer in a regional trauma center
Authors: Kim Min Ji , Cho Hun Gil , Lim Hyoseob , Lee Il Jae 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
The incidence of multiple trauma has been on a rise recently, and there is a consensus on the importance of initial treatment to prevent death. Notably, the government has initiated a well-organized trauma system in South Korea. Thus, depending on the treatment purpose, there exists an active interhospital transfer. In the present study, we analyzed the clinical outcome of patients who transferred to a regional trauma center and the plastic surgeon’s interaction in their treatment.
Methods
We performed a retrospective chart review of major trauma patients transferred to Ajou regional trauma center from January 2020 to February 2022. We evaluated injury severity score (ISS), initial resuscitation, post-transfer treatment, and plastic surgery-related procedure.
Results
In total, 92 patients were evaluated; of these, 41.1% were from certified tertiary hospitals, 16.30% were pre-transfer resuscitation cases, 18.47% were in the intensive care unit, and 17.39% were admitted for an emergency operation. At transfer, 63.04% (58 patients) had an initial open wound and 34.78% were referred to a plastic surgery department. In addition, 20.65% of patients with initially detected wounds underwent plastic surgery operation and required an average 1.76 ± 0.46 of debridement and 12.75 ± 3.45 of aseptic dressing.
Conclusion
Increasing the current status of interhospital transfers to regional trauma centers required an active interaction with the plastic surgery department. Most major trauma patients have multiple wounds that needs specialized reconstruction. Therefore, a dynamic consultation system is one of the essential facilities in a trauma center.
Risk Prediction and Risk Factor Analysis in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Complicated with Heart Failure under Lightweight Deep Learning Model and Echocardiography
Authors: Liu Yongquan , Yin Luchang , Zhang Zenghua , Zhang Xiaoxia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This work was developed to explore the risk prediction and risk factor analysis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with heart failure (HF) based on a lightweight deep learning (LWDL) model and echocardiography. A total of 127 patients with COPD in Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University were recruited. According to whether they were complicated with HF, they were assigned to the group with HF (n = 35) and the group without HF (n = 92). A dual-channel lightweight model with multifeature fusion was constructed for ultrasound imaging. The blood index, arterial blood gas index, and pulmonary function index of the two groups were analyzed to explore the risk factors for COPD complicated with HF. The results showed that the recognition rate of different methods was above 85%, which indicated that the network had good performance. PaCO2 and PaO2 in the HF group were drastically superior to those in the non-HF group (P<0.05). The proportion of GOLD1 and GOLD2 in the HF group was markedly inferior to that in the non-HF group, and the proportion of GOLD3 and GOLD4 in the HF group was higher than that in the non-HF group (P<0.05). The vital capacity (VC), forced VC (FVC), and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in the HF group were lower than those in the non-HF group (P<0.05). The AO, left atrial dimension (LA), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPW), and interventricular septal thickness (IVS) showed no great differences, but the pulmonary artery (PA) and right ventricular end-diastolic diameter (RVEDD) were dramatically superior to those in the non-HF group (P<0.05), and PaP was notably higher in the HF group than in the non-HF group (P<0.05). Moreover, hypercapnia was associated with COPD combined with HF. In summary, the LWDL model can clearly present ultrasound images. Hypercapnia had a great impact on COPD combined with HF, which should be controlled as early as possible in clinical practice to prevent disease deterioration.
Tropical and mid-latitude causal drivers of the eastern Mediterranean Etesians during boreal summer
Authors: Capua Giorgia Di , Tyrlis Evangelos , Matei Daniela , Donner Reik V. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

During boreal summer, large scale subsidence and a persistent northerly flow, known as the Etesians, characterize the tropospheric circulation over the eastern Mediterranean. The Etesians bring clear skies and alleviate the impact of heat waves over the region. The intraseasonal variability of the Etesians and subsidence over the eastern Mediterranean has been thought to be influenced by the South Asian Monsoon and atmospheric processes over the North Atlantic. Here, we employ causal effect networks and causal maps, obtained by applying the Peter and Clark Momentary Conditional Independence (PCMCI) causal discovery algorithm, to identify causal precursors of Etesians. We find that both wave train activity over the North Atlantic/North American region and convective activity over South Asia associated with the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) are causally related to the Etesians at 3-day time scale. Thus, intraseasonal ISM variability affects the eastern Mediterranean circulation, though its influence is conveyed via a Middle East ridge. On longer weekly time scale, the mid-latitude influence weakens, while the influence of the tropical convective activity via the Middle East ridge remains stable. Moreover, the heat low over the Arabian Peninsula, a feature strongly responsible for the development of the Etesians, is caused by a stronger Middle East ridge and not by North Atlantic wave activity. Finally, we discuss potential implication for circulation changes in the eastern Mediterranean due to anthropogenic global warming.
Heterozygous Men1+/T knockout mice do not develop bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine hyperplasia or neoplasia but bronchial adenocarcinoma
Authors: Albers Max B. , Fink Ludger , Manoharan Jerena , Lopez Caroline L. , Bollmann Carmen , Mintziras Ioannis , Fazio Pietro , Bartsch Detlef K. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Bronchopulmonary Neuroendocrine Neoplasia (NEN) occur in 2-7% of patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1). Precursor lesions could be recognized for MEN1 related pancreatic, duodenal, and gastric NEN. Aim of the current study of a Men1 mouse model was to define precursor lesions of bronchopulmonary NEN and potential prophylactic antitumor effects of somatostatin analogues in a transgenic Men1 mouse model.
Methods: 15 mice, germline heterozygous for Men1 (+/T), were treated with subcutaneous injections of lanreotide autogel (Somatuline Autogel®, IPSEN Pharma) and 15 mice were treated with subcutaneous injections of physiologic sodium chloride as control group. Five mice each were euthanized after 12, 15, and 18 months, respectively. The complete lungs were resected and morphologically evaluated after HE staining and immunohistochemistry for synaptophysin and chromogranin A.
Results: In the lungs of the 30 evaluated mice, treated or placebo treated, no bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia nor neuroendocrine neoplasia could be detected by histopathology. However, 2 (13%) of 15 untreated mice and one (7%) of 15 lanreotide treated mice developed pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
Conclusion: Heterozygous Men1 (+/T) knockout mice do not develop bronchopulmonary NEN or precursor lesions, but pulmonary adenocarcinoma. This surprising result needs to be investigated in more detail.
Level of Institutional Delivery Service Utilization and Associated Factors Among Women Who Gave Birth in The Past 12 Months, ACommunity-Based Cross-Sectional Study, Ga’an Libah District, Marodijeh Region - Somaliland
Authors: Mohamed Mustakim , Abdeeq Barkhad Aden , Mohamed Ahmed Ismail , Jama Hassan Abdi , Tafese Fikru , Getachew Muluneh 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background.
Institutional delivery has been considered one of the important strategies to improve maternal and child health and significantly reduce birth-related complications. However, it is still low in developing countries though there are some improvements. even among the community who has access to the health institutions weather health center and hospital including Somaliland. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the level of institutional delivery service utilization and associated factors among mothers/women who gave birth in the last 12 months in Ga’an libah district, Marodijeh region, Somaliland.
Methods
The community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among mothers who gave birth in the last 12 months from September to December 2022. A simple random sampling technique was employed to select study participants from a total of sample respondents. Data was collected using semi-structural administered questionnaire through interviewing women/caregivers. Data was collected with mobile data survey. SPSS version 25.0 was used for data management, entering and analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were fit to determine the presence of a statistically significant association between independent variables and the outcome variable at P value < 0.05 and OR with 95% CI.
Result.
Level of Institutional delivery services utilization in Ga’an libah district was 53.9% [95% Cl 48.2–59.6] gave birth at health institutions. Mothers who can read and write local were (AOR 2.18, 95% CI 1.08–4.56, p < 0.01), Mothers with their husband can be capable to read and write are [(AOR = 6.95, 95% Cl 2.82–21.58, p < 0.002]). Additionally, ability to cost transportation for referral [AOR 5.21, 95% Cl 2.44–11.13, p < 0.001]. not good services available [AOR 0.07, 95%Cl 0.01–0.10, p < 0.02]. lack of maternal health and child knowledge [AOR 0.034, 95% Cl 0.02–0.57, p < 0.01]. were observed associated with level of institutional deliver services utilization.
Conclusion.
The institutional delivery service utilization was relatively high compared to national demographic health services in the study area. A large proportion of mothers gave both at home without a skilled attendant. Therefore, this finding has important policy implications since changes in the cost of the health service and perceived quality would mean changes in client satisfaction as well as their choice, as well emphasize to expectant mothers can receive medical advice and ambulance for referrals.
SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro Main Protease Drives Cytoskeletal Reorganization and Tunnelling Nanotube Formation for Stealth Intercellular Infection
Authors: Overall Christopher , Butler Georgina , Vlok Marli , de Jesus Hugo , Baid Kaushal , Machado Yoan , Pablos Isabel , Solis Nestor , Kappelhoff Reinhild , Bell Peter , Nore Leo , Grin Peter , Nguyen Jenny , Cao Quynh , Lamer Tess , Vuong Wayne , Webster Sam , Vederas John , Hirota Jeremy , Lindskog Cecilia , Banerjee Arinjay , Jan Eric 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
To identify and characterize roles for SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro main protease in promoting viral infection and dissemination, we employed Inactive Catalytic Domain Capture and proteomics to identify host cell interactors and substrates in the interactome of 3CLpro. Of 259 3CLpro interactors, 145 were associated with the cytoskeleton and its organisation. We determined enzyme kinetic specificity constants for 139 3CLpro cut-sites in 43 interactors using a multiplex assay, identifying 29 efficiently-cleaved substrates and validating 13 as substrates in vitro, in SARS-CoV-2-infected human lung cells, and in COVID-19 post-mortem lungs. 3CLpro cleavage of adherens junction proteins initiated cytoskeletal rearrangement, activated zonular signalling, removed subcellular localization motifs to trigger translocation of nuclear TRIM28 and NUMA1 to adherens junctions, and YAP1 in the hippo pathway, to the nucleus. These cytoskeletal remodelling events rapidly generated tunnelling nanotubes connecting lung epithelial cells and containing virus colocalized with 3CLpro substrates for stealth trafficking of SARS-CoV-2 to distant cells.