bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Custom-Made Implant Fabrication for Chin Augmentation Using Piled-Up Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene Sheets: An Innovative Surgical Technique and Literature Review
Authors: Guo Jing-Song , Ng Kwan Lok Benjamin , Lee Su-Shin , Lai Ya-Wei , Wu Yi-Chia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Alloplastic chin augmentation is the most common esthetic surgical treatment to reshape the chin. However, factory-made chin implants are typically standardized rather than custom-made and have potential to cause complications. Although the fabrication of custom-made implants by using computer-assisted planning and 3D-printing technology has become widespread, the process has several disadvantages, including long preoperative prosthesis preparation times, high costs, and unsuitability for patients with asymmetric chins or those who undergo combined mandibuloplasty before implant placement. The present study developed an innovative chin augmentation technique involving stacked expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) sheets that is suitable for most patients and has minimal side effects.

Materials and Methods
A retrospective review of a single surgeon’s experience was performed over a 2 year period for patients who underwent a procedure involving piled-up e-PTFE sheets for alloplastic chin augmentation. This study analyzed the outcomes, complications (temporary nerve numbness, wound infection, hematoma formation, and implant displacement), and patient satisfaction during follow-up.

Results
Between January 2018 and December 2020, 38 patients underwent the procedure involving piled-up e-PTFE sheets for alloplastic chin augmentation. Six patients (15.8%) experienced nerve-related temporary numbness, and one (2.6%) experienced wound infection. None had developed major complications such as implant displacement or wound infection at follow-up. Moreover, the patients demonstrated a high level of satisfaction with the surgical results.

Conclusion
Piled-up e-PTFE sheets can be used to produce custom-fit porous polyethylene chin implants that result in minimal complications and a very high satisfaction rate.

Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Crop bioengineering via gene editing: reshaping the future of agriculture
Authors: Atia Mohamed , Jiang Wenjun , Sedeek Khalid , Butt Haroon , Mahfouz Magdy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGenome-editing technologies have revolutionized research in plant biology, with major implications for agriculture and worldwide food security, particularly in the face of challenges such as climate change and increasing human populations. Among these technologies, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats [CRISPR]–CRISPR-associated protein [Cas] systems are now widely used for editing crop plant genomes. In this review, we provide an overview of CRISPR–Cas technology and its most significant applications for improving crop sustainability. We also review current and potential technological advances that will aid in the future breeding of crops to enhance food security worldwide. Finally, we discuss the obstacles and challenges that must be overcome to realize the maximum potential of genome-editing technologies for future crop and food production.
An heuristic scree plot criterion for the number of factors
Authors: Reijer Ard H. J. den , Otter Pieter W. , Jacobs Jan P. A. M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCattel’s (Multivar Behav Res 1:245–276, 1966) heuristic determines the number of factors as the elbow point between ‘steep’ and ‘not steep’ in the scree plot. In contrast, an elbow is by definition absent in points on a hyberbole with corresponding equisized surfaces. We formalize this heuristic and propose a criterion to determine the number of factors by comparing surfaces under the scree plot. Monte Carlo simulations shows that the finite-sample properties of our proposed criterion outperform benchmarks in the dynamic factor model literature.
Chromosomal microarray testing yield in 829 cases of microcephaly: a clinical characteristics-based analysis for prenatal and postnatal cases
Authors: Sukenik-Halevy Rivka , Mevorach Nir , Basel-Salmon Lina , Matar Reut Tomashov , Kahana Sarit , Klein Kochav , Agmon-Fishman Ifaat , Levy Michal , Maya Idit 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Microcephaly, characterized by abnormal head growth, can often serve as an initial indicator of congenital, genetic, or acquired disorders. In this study, we sought to evaluate the effectiveness of chromosomal microarray (CMA) testing in detecting abnormalities in both prenatal and postnatal cases of microcephaly.

Materials and methods
CMA Testing: We conducted CMA testing on 87 prenatally-detected microcephaly cases and 742 postnatal cases at a single laboratory. We evaluated the CMA yield in relation to specific clinical characteristics.

Results
In prenatal cases, pathogenic and likely pathogenic (LP) results were identified in 4.6% of cases, a significantly higher rate compared to low-risk pregnancies. The male-to-female ratio in this cohort was 3, and the CMA yield was not influenced by gender or other clinical parameters. For postnatal cases, the CMA yield was 15.0%, with a significantly higher detection rate associated with dysmorphism, hypotonia, epilepsy, congenital heart malformations (CHM), learning disabilities (LD), and a history of Fetal growth restriction (FGR). No specific recurrent copy number variations (CNVs) were observed, and the rate of variants of unknown significance was 3.9%.

Conclusions
The yield of CMA testing in prenatal microcephaly is lower than in postnatal cases (4.6% vs. 15%). The presence of microcephaly, combined with dysmorphism, hypotonia, epilepsy, CHD, LD, and FGR, significantly increases the likelihood of an abnormal CMA result.
Does overweight and obesity have an impact on delivery mode and peripartum outcome in breech presentation? A FRABAT cohort study
Authors: Jennewein Lukas , Agel Lena , Hoock Samira Catharina , Hentrich Anna Elisabeth , Louwen Frank , Zander Nadja 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Obesity is a worldwide and growing issue affecting women in childbearing age, complicating surgical procedures as well as pregnancy. Through a reduction of not necessarily required cesarean deliveries—for instance in pregnancies with breech presentation—obesity mediated and surgery-associated morbidity might be contained. Date on the impact of maternal BMI in vaginally attempted breech delivery is not existing. To give insight into whether an elevated BMI leads to an increased perinatal morbidity in vaginally intended deliveries out of breech presentation, we analyzed delivery outcome of laboring women with a singleton baby in breech presentation with overweight and obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) in comparison to women with a BMI of below 25 kg/m2.

Methods
Based on data from January 2004 to December 2020, a cohort study was performed on 1641 women presenting with breech presentation at term (> 37 weeks). The influence of maternal BMI on perinatal outcome was analyzed with Chi2 testing for group differences and logistic regression analysis. Patients with a hyperglycemic metabolism were excluded from the study.

Results
Fetal morbidity was not different when patients with a BMI of ≥ 25 kg/m2 (PREMODA morbidity score 2.16%) were compared to patients with a BMI of below 25 kg/m2 (1.97%, p = 0.821). Cesarean delivery rates were significantly higher in overweight and obese women with 43.9% compared to 29.3% (p < 0.0001). BMI and cesarean delivery were significantly associated in a logistic regression analysis (Chi2 coefficient 18.05, p < 0.0001). In successful vaginal deliveries out of breech presentation, maternal perineal injury rates (vaginal birth in normal-BMI women 48.4%; vaginal birth in overweight and obese women: 44.2%; p = 0.273) and rates of manually assisted delivery (vaginal birth in normal-BMI women: 44.4%; vaginal birth in obese and overweight women: 44.2%; p = 0.958) were not different between BMI groups.

Conclusions
Obesity and overweight are not associated with peripartum maternal or newborn morbidity in vaginally attempted breech delivery, if the patient cohort is thoroughly selected and vaginal breech delivery is in an upright maternal position. Reduction of cesarean delivery rates, especially in overweight and obese women might, have an important positive impact on maternal and newborn morbidity.
Maternal obesity and placental function: impaired maternal–fetal axis
Authors: Louwen Frank , Kreis Nina-Naomi , Ritter Andreas , Yuan Juping 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe prevalence of maternal obesity rapidly increases, which represents a major public health concern worldwide. Maternal obesity is characteristic by metabolic dysfunction and chronic inflammation. It is associated with health problems in both mother and offspring. Increasing evidence indicates that the placenta is an axis connecting maternal obesity with poor outcomes in the offspring. In this brief review, we have summarized the current data regarding deregulated placental function in maternal obesity. The data show that maternal obesity induces numerous placental defects, including lipid and glucose metabolism, stress response, inflammation, immune regulation and epigenetics. These placental defects affect each other and result in a stressful intrauterine environment, which transduces and mediates the adverse effects of maternal obesity to the fetus. Further investigations are required to explore the exact molecular alterations in the placenta in maternal obesity, which may pave the way to develop specific interventions for preventing epigenetic and metabolic programming in the fetus.
Robotic-assisted surgery for left-sided colon and rectal resections is associated with reduction in the postoperative surgical stress response and improved short-term outcomes: a cohort study
Authors: Ingham Abigail R. , Kong Chia Yew , Wong Tin-Ning , McSorley Stephen T. , McMillan Donald C. , Nicholson Gary A. , Alani Ahmed , Mansouri David , Chong David , MacKay Graham J. , Roxburgh Campbell S. D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction
There is growing evidence that the use of robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) in colorectal cancer resections is associated with improved short-term outcomes when compared to laparoscopic surgery (LS) or open surgery (OS), possibly through a reduced systemic inflammatory response (SIR). Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) is a sensitive SIR biomarker and its utility in the early identification of post-operative complications has been validated in a variety of surgical procedures. There remains a paucity of studies characterising post-operative SIR in RAS.

Methods
Retrospective study of a prospectively collected database of consecutive patients undergoing OS, LS and RAS for left-sided and rectal cancer in a single high-volume unit. Patient and disease characteristics, post-operative CRP levels, and clinical outcomes were reviewed, and their relationships explored within binary logistic regression and propensity scores matched models.

Results
A total of 1031 patients were included (483 OS, 376 LS, and 172 RAS). RAS and LS were associated with lower CRP levels across the first 4 post-operative days (p < 0.001) as well as reduced complications and length of stay compared to OS in unadjusted analyses.
In binary logistic regression models, RAS was independently associated with lower CRP levels at Day 3 post-operatively (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.21–0.59, p < 0.001) and a reduction in the rate of all complications (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.26–0.56, p < 0.001) and major complications (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.26–0.95, p = 0.036).
Within a propensity scores matched model comparing LS versus RAS specifically, RAS was associated with lower post-operative CRP levels in the first two post-operative days, a lower proportion of patients with a CRP ≥ 150 mg/L at Day 3 (20.9% versus 30.5%, p = 0.036) and a lower rate of all complications (34.7% versus 46.7%, p = 0.033).

Conclusions
The present observational study shows that an RAS approach was associated with lower postoperative SIR, and a better postoperative complications profile.
Crack nucleation in heterogeneous bars: h- and p-FEM of a phase field model
Authors: Levy Maxime , Vicentini Francesco , Yosibash Zohar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFailure initiation and subsequent crack trajectory in heterogeneous materials, such as functionally graded materials and bones, are yet insufficiently addressed. The AT1 phase field model (PFM) is investigated herein in a 1D setting, imposing challenges and opportunities when discretized by h- and p-finite element (FE) methods. We derive explicit PFM solutions to a heterogeneous bar in tension considering heterogeneous E(x) and $$G_{Ic}(x)$$

G

Ic

(
x
)

, necessary for verification of the FE approximations. $$G_{Ic}(x)$$

G

Ic

(
x
)

corrections accounting for the element size at the damage zone in h-FEMs are suggested to account for the peak stress underestimation. p-FEMs do not require any such corrections. We also derive and validate penalty coefficient for heterogeneous domains to enforce damage positivity and irreversibility via penalization. Numerical examples are provided, demonstrating that p-FEMs exhibit faster convergence rates comparing to classical h-FEMs. The new insights are encouraging towards p-FEM discretization in a 3D setting to allow an accurate prediction of failure initiation in human bones.
From test to rest: evaluating socioeconomic differences along the COVID-19 care pathway in the Netherlands
Authors: Meulman Iris , Uiters Ellen , Cloin Mariëlle , Struijs Jeroen , Polder Johan , Stadhouders Niek 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated healthcare needs and caused excess mortality, especially among lower socioeconomic groups. This study describes the emergence of socioeconomic differences along the COVID-19 pathway of testing, healthcare use and mortality in the Netherlands.

Methodology
This retrospective observational Dutch population-based study combined individual-level registry data from June 2020 to December 2020 on personal socioeconomic characteristics, COVID-19 administered tests, test results, general practitioner (GP) consultations, hospital admissions, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admissions and mortality. For each outcome measure, relative differences between income groups were estimated using log-link binomial regression models. Furthermore, regression models explained socioeconomic differences in COVID-19 mortality by differences in ICU/hospital admissions, test administration and test results.

Results
Among the Dutch population, the lowest income group had a lower test probability (RR = 0.61) and lower risk of testing positive (RR = 0.77) compared to the highest income group. However, among individuals with at least one administered COVID-19 test, the lowest income group had a higher risk of testing positive (RR = 1.40). The likelihood of hospital admissions and ICU admissions were higher for low income groups (RR = 2.11 and RR = 2.46, respectively). The lowest income group had an almost four times higher risk of dying from COVID-19 (RR = 3.85), which could partly be explained by a higher risk of hospitalization and ICU admission, rather than differences in test administration or result.

Discussion
Our findings indicated that socioeconomic differences became more pronounced at each step of the care pathway, culminating to a large gap in mortality. This underlines the need for enhancing social security and well-being policies and incorporation of health equity in pandemic preparedness plans.
Harvesting connections: the role of stakeholders’ network structure, dynamics and actors’ influence in shaping farmers’ markets
Authors: Monticone Francesca , Samoggia Antonella , Specht Kathrin , Schröter Barbara , Rossi Giulia , Wissman Anna , Bertazzoli Aldo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFarmers’ markets (FMs) represent a crucial player in urban food systems, being the interconnection of local agricultural production and consumption, and serving as spaces for both economic exchange and community building. Despite their transformative potential, there is a scarcity of research that comprehensively investigates the dynamics of FMs network structure and the influence of the actors shaping FMs. The present article delves into the network of relationships within FMs in the Italian city of Bologna. This study adopts the Social Network Analysis (SNA) methodology applied with the Net-Map tool. The research objectives are to visualise the underlying network structure, map the dynamics, and identify the key actors who play pivotal roles in Bologna’s FMs and their level of influence. The research carried out interviews with ten FMs stakeholders, revealing the network of relationships between 54 actors, divided into three categories—civil society, food economy and public administration. Actors were linked by a total of 428 relationships across three types of networks: support, economic, and hindering. Findings indicate a strong support network structure characterised by varying degrees of centrality among different actors. Farmers emerge as a central node due to their pivotal role in providing fresh, local produce. Additionally, local institutions contribute significantly to FMs resilience and growth. Our research demonstrates the importance of recognising the embeddedness of FMs within the local context. By understanding the network structure and influential actors in FMs, policymakers can devise more effective policies for promoting local agriculture, and enhancing the sustainability of urban–rural exchanges. In conclusion, the present study offers valuable insights into the network dynamics of FMs, highlighting their crucial role in the sustainable development of urban and local food systems.
Design and management of humanitarian supply chains for pandemics: lessons from COVID-19
Authors: Dubey Rameshwar , Bryde David J. , Foropon Cyril 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has been an unprecedented challenge for humanity, causing widespread disruptions to daily life and economies worldwide. However, amidst the challenges, it has also presented an opportunity to reflect on our competencies, capabilities, and objectives. One area that has gained significant attention during this time is the humanitarian supply chain management theories, which offered significant directions to the scholars engaged in operations and supply chain management, practitioners and policymakers. To further advance the theoretical boundaries of the humanitarian supply chain and expand the scope and boundaries of the discipline, a special issue has been organised. This issue includes 24 carefully selected articles that have gone through multiple rounds of review. The articles are all centred on the humanitarian crisis resulting from COVID-19 and offer a comprehensive understanding of the challenges faced by various stakeholders. Additionally, one relevant article from a previous issue has been included, which explores the potential use of drones in disaster relief operations. The articles included in this special issue have significant implications for theory, practice, and policy, providing valuable insights and direction for further research to expand the scope of the discipline. This particular issue is a crucial contribution to humanitarian supply chain management. It provides a deeper understanding of the complex challenges faced during a crisis and the best practices to overcome them.
Using mobile device built-in microphones to monitor bats: a new opportunity for large-scale participatory science initiatives
Authors: Gili Fabrizio , Bertolino Sandro , Rolando Antonio 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCitizen science has become a crucial tool in biodiversity monitoring, often facilitated by the diffusion of mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets. High costs of professional equipment often limit large-scale monitoring, particularly in bat monitoring programmes based on acoustic surveys. Here we present the potential of using mobile devices for bat monitoring, allowing for large-scale, volunteer-based monitoring programmes. We initially compared mobile devices’ performance with a professional bat detector for recording low-frequency bat calls. We then conducted a citizen science pilot study to test the method’s feasibility in a real-world setting, recording echolocation and social calls of nine European bat species. We found high similarity in spectrogram quality (0.74 ± 0.09 for Samsung, 0.90 ± 0.01 for Huawei, 0.86 ± 0.09 for Xiaomi, 0.69 ± 0.09 for Apple) and average peak frequency (differences of 0.2 ± 0.5 kHz for Samsung, 0.1 ± 0.7 kHz for Huawei, 0.5 ± 1.0 kHz for Xiaomi, 0.1 ± 0.8 kHz for Apple) between calls recorded by mobile devices and professional bat detectors. The number of recorded bat calls per sampling session was also similar. However, differences in sound quality and effectiveness among mobile device brands were found. iOS devices outperformed professional detectors at recording bat calls at increasing distances. The citizen science pilot study tested 35 mobile device models, all of which effectively recorded bats. This study suggests that mobile devices could be an accessible, no-cost tool for large-scale bat monitoring. Incorporating mobile devices into existing monitoring networks or creating new dedicated programmes could not only enhance data collection, but also boost public knowledge and awareness about bats, ultimately promoting informed decision-making and better conservation strategies.
Enhancements of discretization approaches for non-convex mixed-integer quadratically constrained quadratic programming: part II
Authors: Beach Benjamin , Burlacu Robert , Bärmann Andreas , Hager Lukas , Hildebrand Robert 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis is Part II of a study on mixed-integer programming (MIP) relaxation techniques for the solution of non-convex mixed-integer quadratically constrained quadratic programs (MIQCQPs). We set the focus on MIP relaxation methods for non-convex continuous variable products where both variables are bounded and extend the well-known MIP relaxation normalized multiparametric disaggregation technique(NMDT), applying a sophisticated discretization to both variables. We refer to this approach as doubly discretized normalized multiparametric disaggregation technique (D-NMDT). In a comprehensive theoretical analysis, we underline the theoretical advantages of the enhanced method D-NMDT compared to NMDT. Furthermore, we perform a broad computational study to demonstrate its effectiveness in terms of producing tight dual bounds for MIQCQPs. Finally, we compare D-NMDT to the separable MIP relaxations from Part I and a state-of-the-art MIQCQP solver.