bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of inhibition of purified leaping mullet (liza saliens) NADPH‐cytochrome P450 reductase by toxic metals: Aluminum and thallium
Authors: Bozcaarmutlu Azra 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAluminum and thallium may reach life‐threatening levels in aquatic systems in the near future because of their extensive use in various industrial fields. It is therefore important to study the mechanism of toxicity of aluminum and thallium on fish enzymes. To this aim, the effects of aluminum and thallium on the activity of purified leaping mullet (Liza saliens) cytochrome P450 reductase, an essential component of the important cytochrome P450 system, have been studied. Results indicated that both metal ions strongly inhibited the NADPH‐cytochrome P450 reductase. The IC50 values of AlCl3 and TlCl3 were estimated to be 34 μM and 3 μM, respectively. The Lineweaver–Burk plot and Dixon plot revealed that both metal ions noncompetitively inhibited the purified mullet cytochrome P450 reductase. The Ki values of Al3+ and Tl3+ were calculated from Dixon plots as 8.9 and 5.6 μM, respectively. The inhibitory effects of Al3+ and Tl3+ on purified cytochrome P450 reductase were partially recovered by 1 mM EDTA. Additionally, tin and magnesium were shown to have no apparent effect on purified mullet cytochrome P450 reductase. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 21:340–3347, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20200
Benzene‐1,2‐, 1,3‐, and 1,4‐di‐N‐substituted carbamates as conformationally constrained inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase
Authors: Lin Ming‐Cheng , Hwang Mei‐Ting , Chang Han‐Ging , Lin Chung‐Sheng , Lin Gialih 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBenzene‐1,2‐, 1,3‐, and 1,4‐di‐N‐substituted carbamates (1–15) are synthesized as the conformationally constrained inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and mimic gauche, eclipsed, and anti‐conformations of acetylcholine, respectively. All carbamates 1–15 are characterized as the pseudo substrate inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase. For a series of geometric isomers, the inhibitory potencies are as follows: benzene‐1,4‐di‐N‐substituted carbamate (para compound) > benzene‐1,3‐di‐N‐substituted carbamate (meta compound) > benzene‐1,2‐di‐N‐substituted carbamate (ortho compound). Therefore, benzene‐1,4‐di‐N‐substituted carbamates (para compounds), with the angle of 180° between two C(benzene)–O bonds, mimic the preferable anti C–O/C–N conformers of acetylcholine for the choline ethylene backbone in the acetylcholinesterase catalysis. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 21:348–353, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20202
Adaptive correction technique for 3D reconstruction of fluorescence microscopy images
Authors: Guan Y.Q. , Cai Y.Y. , Zhang X. , Lee Y.T. , Opas M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractRecent advances in high‐resolution imaging have provided valuable novel insights into structural relationships within cells and tissues both in vitro and in vivo. An analysis of this kind is regularly done by optical sectioning using either confocal or deconvolution microscopy. However, the reconstruction of 3D images suffers from light scattering and absorption with increasing depth by finite transparency of the used media. Photobleaching of fluorochromes has been especially troublesome and often the only remedy for loss of signal during optical sectioning is to reduce the number of sections. This causes disparities in the x–y and z dimensions of voxels, which lead to vertical distortion of the original stack of images and necessitates interpolation. Interpolation is necessary to fill up the gaps between consecutive sections in the original image stack to obtain cubic voxels. The present manuscript describes a novel method for adaptive compensation of attenuation of light intensity in stacks of fluorescence microscopy images that is based on a physical model of light attenuation. First, we use a fast interpolation technique to generate a cubic voxel‐based volume stack with the aid of a contribution look up table. With the contribution look up table, multiple calculations are avoided, which substantially reduces the computational time without compromising the accuracy of the restoration procedure. Second, each section within the resulting volume is processed to rectify its intensity values that have been altered due to photobleaching and scattering and absorption. The method allows to define the last good section in the stack and the correction is then done automatically. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Notes on the geometry of the space of polynomials
Authors: Lee Han Ju 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe show that the symmetric injective tensor product space is not complex strictly convex if E is a complex Banach space of dim E ≥ 2 and if n ≥ 2 holds. It is also reproved that ℓ∞ is finitely represented in if E is infinite‐dimensional and if n ≥ 2 holds, which was proved in the other way in [3]. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Quadratic transformations of the sixth Painlevé equation with application to algebraic solutions
Authors: Vidunas Raimundas , Kitaev Alexander V. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn 1991, one of the authors showed the existence of quadratic transformations between the Painlevé VI equations with local monodromy differences (1/2, a, b, ±1/2) and (a, a, b, b). In the present paper we give concise forms of these transformations. They are related to the quadratic transformations obtained by Manin and Ramani–Grammaticos–Tamizhmani via Okamoto transformations. To avoid cumbersome expressions with differentiation, we use contiguous relations instead of the Okamoto transformations. The 1991 transformation is particularly important as it can be realized as a quadratic‐pull back transformation of isomonodromic Fuchsian equations. The new formulas are illustrated by derivation of explicit expressions for several complicated algebraic Painlevé VI functions. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Function spaces of varying smoothness I
Authors: Schneider Jan 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper deals with function spaces of varying smoothness. It is a modified version of corresponding parts of [8]. Corresponding spaces of positive smoothness s (x) will be considered in part II. We define the spaces Bp (ℝn ), where the function 𝕊: x ↦ s (x) is negative and determines the smoothness pointwise. First we prove basic properties and then we use different wavelet decompositions to get information about the local smoothness behavior. The main results are characterizations of the spaces Bp (ℝn ) by weighted sequence space norms of the wavelet coefficients. These assertions are used to prove an interesting connection to the so‐called two‐microlocal spaces Cs,s ′ (x0). (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The natural history of Unverricht‐Lundborg disease: A report of eight genetically proven cases
Authors: Chew Nee K. , Mir Pablo , Edwards Mark J. , Cordivari Carla , Martino Davide , Schneider Susanne A. , Kim Hee‐Tae , Quinn Niall P. , Bhatia Kailash P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report eight cases of genetically proven ULD, with the aim of reassessing the clinical characteristics and natural history of ULD in genetically characterized patients. The eight patients had their first symptoms at mean age of 10.6 years (range: 6–14 years). The main clinical features were action myoclonus, cerebellar ataxia, seizures, and mild intellectual dysfunction. We report three new clinical features of ULD; ocular motor apraxia, dystonia, and rapidly progressive dementia. All patients needed a combination of at least four antimyoclonic drugs, but despite this, all patients were severely disabled by their action myoclonus. After a mean duration of disease of 29.9 years (range: 21–37 years), four patients were walking with aids while another four were wheelchair bound. The clinical phenotypes associated with ULD are more diverse than previously recognized and even though the long term functional outcome and survival have improved, the overall efficacy of antimyoclonic drugs remains unsatisfactory. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Transplantation of adult myoblasts or adipose tissue precursor cells by high‐density injection failed to improve reinnervated skeletal muscles
Authors: César Matthieu , Roussanne‐Domergue Sophie , Coulet Bertrand , Gay Stéphanie , Micallef Jean‐Paul , Chammas Michel , Reyne Yves , Bacou Francis 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe previously showed that transfer of adult myoblasts (MB) into cardiotoxin‐damaged muscle improved the properties of reinnervated tibialis anterior muscle of rabbits. However, this cell therapy protocol cannot be applied to humans because of the hazardous effects of the myotoxin. To circumvent this approach, we used the recently developed high‐density injection technique to autotransplant cultured cells 1 mm from each other into the tibialis anterior muscle without previous cardiotoxin‐induced damage. Two months after transection and immediate suture of the common peroneal nerve, we transferred by this technique two types of precursor cells, MB or cells isolated from the adipose tissue stromal vascular fraction. In contrast to our previous results, muscles studied at 4 months showed no benefits in terms of function or morphology, whatever the transferred cells. These results, together with the results of earlier studies, emphasize the importance of delivery methods and the muscle environment in supporting cell integration into host tissues. Muscle Nerve, 2007
Dynamic routing of prioritized warranty repairs
Authors: Chen Feng , Kulkarni Vidyadhar G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractRecent years have seen a strong trend toward outsourcing warranty repair services to outside vendors. In this article we consider the problem of dynamically routing warranty repairs to service vendors when warranties have priority levels. Each time an item under warranty fails, it is sent to one of the vendors for repair. Items covered by higher priority warranty receive higher priority in repair service. The manufacturer pays a fixed fee per repair and incurs a linear holding cost while an item is undergoing or waiting for repair. The objective is to minimize the manufacturer's long‐run average cost. Because of the complexity of the problem, it is very unlikely that there exist tractable ways to find the optimal routing strategies. Therefore, we propose five heuristic routing procedures that are applicable to real‐life problems. We evaluate the heuristics using simulation. The simulation results show that the index‐based “generalized join the shortest queue” policy, which applies a single policy improvement step to an initial state‐independent policy, performs the best among all five heuristics. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008
On finite‐strain damage of viscoelastic‐fibred materials. Application to soft biological tissues
Authors: Peña E. , Calvo B. , Martínez M. A. , Doblaré M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to introduce a fully three‐dimensional finite‐strain damage model for visco‐hyperelastic fibrous soft tissue. The structural model is formulated using the concept of internal variables that provide a very general description of materials involving irreversible effects. Continuum damage mechanics is used to describe the softening behaviour of soft tissues under large deformation. Modelling of the viscoelastic behaviour is based on a local additive decomposition of the stress tensor into initial and non‐equilibrium parts as resulted from the assumed structure of an uncoupled free energy density function. A local multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient into volume‐preserving and dilatational parts is used which permits one to model the incompressible properties of soft biological tissues. The presented formulation and the associated algorithmic discretization were efficiently implemented into a finite element code.In order to show the performance of the constitutive model and it's algorithmic counterpart, some simple examples are included. A more complex three‐dimensional numerical application to ligament mechanics is also presented. Results show that the model is able to capture the typical stress–strain behaviour observed in fibrous soft tissues and seems to confirm the soundness of the proposed formulation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Isoparametric spline finite strip method for the bending of perforated plates
Authors: Eccher G. , Rasmussen K. J. R. , Zandonini R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe isoparametric spline finite strip method was recently applied by the authors to the linear elastic in‐plane stress analysis of perforated thin‐walled structures. In this paper, the application of the method is extended to the bending of perforated plates. The paper describes the theory of the isoparametric spline finite strip method in the context of Mindlin plate bending theory. It sets out the strain–displacement and stress–strain relationships and derives expressions for the local and global stiffness matrices. The reliability of the method is demonstrated by comparisons with finely meshed finite element analysis results. Square plates in bending containing openings of different shapes are analysed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The guiding nature of the kawa (river) model in Ireland: creating both opportunities and challenges for occupational therapists
Authors: Carmody Sarah , Nolan Riona , Ni Chonchuir Niamhh , Curry Maria , Halligan Catherine , Robinson Katie 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe kawa (kawa is Japanese for ‘river’) model of occupational therapy has recently emerged in response to the needs for culturally sensitive conceptual models of practice that adequately address clients' diverse cultures and belief systems (Iwama, 2006a). The present article reports two case studies in which the kawa model was used to guide occupational therapy intervention with two individuals with multiple sclerosis in Ireland, with the aim of exploring the effectiveness of the recently emerged kawa model. A qualitative grounded theory approach using case‐study methodology was undertaken. Semi‐structured interviews based on the kawa model were completed with two participants with multiple sclerosis before and after occupational therapy intervention. The authors also documented their experience of using the model in reflective diaries. Analysis revealed a core category of the guiding nature of the kawa model creating both opportunities and challenges. Opportunities afforded by the model included enablement of the occupational therapy process and facilitation of occupation‐based practice. Challenges created by the use of the kawa model included participant uncertainty and the influence of therapist preconceptions.Limitations and recommendations for future research are discussed in terms of generalizability. Further research with greater numbers and more diversity of study participants is required to validate the tentative theory proposed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Validation of HPTLC method for the analysis of taraxerol in Clitoria ternatea
Authors: Kumar Venkatesan , Mukherjee Kakali , Kumar Satheesh , Mal Mainak , Mukherjee Pulok K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA new, simple, sensitive, selective and precise HPTLC method has been developed for the determination of taraxerol in Clitoria ternatea L. Determination of taraxerol was performed on TLC aluminium plates. Linear ascending development was carried out in twin trough glass chamber saturated with hexane and ethyl acetate (80:20 v/v). The plate was then dried and sprayed with anisaldehyde reagent. A Camag TLC scanner III was used for spectrodensitometric scanning and analysis at 420 nm. The system was found to give compact spots for taraxerol (Rf 0.53). The calibration plot was linear in the range of 100–1200 ng of taraxerol. The correlation coefficient of 0.9961 was indicative of good linear dependence of peak area on concentration. The concentration of taraxerol was found to be 12.4 mg/g w/w in the hydroalcoholic extract of C. ternatea root. To study the accuracy and precision of the method, recovery studies were performed. Recovery values from 99.65 to 99.74% showed excellent reliability and reproducibility of the method. The limits of detection and quantification were determined to be 31 and 105 ng/spot, respectively. The proposed HPTLC method for quantitative monitoring of taraxerol in C. ternatea can be used for routine quality testing of C. ternatea extract used in Ayurvedic formulations. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rapid identification of acylated flavonol tetraglycosides in oolong teas using HPLC‐MSn
Authors: Dou Jianpeng , Lee Viola S. Y. , Tzen Jason T. C. , Lee Maw‐Rong 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA method was developed to separate and identify acylated flavonol tetraglycosides (AFTGs) by combining isocratic HPLC with electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry. Better separation was obtained for oolong tea infusion using a manually packed Sephadex LH‐20 mini‐column than with an ACCUBOND® ODS solid‐phase column. Seven unknown and one known AFTGs were found in oolong teas prepared by various semi‐fermentation processes and their structures were identified by mass spectrometry. According to the analyses of diverse oolong teas including Dongding Oolong, Tieguanyin, Wuyi Oolong, Fenghuang Oolong, Gaoshan Shibi, Laocong Shuixian and Baihao Oolong, AFTGs seemed to be universally present, and each oolong tea could be classified into one of three groups (Dongding Oolong, Tieguanyin and Wuyi Oolong) on the basis of its AFTGs profile. The results suggest that the developed method is rapid and sensitive for identifying natural compounds. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Profiling the phenolic compounds of Artemisia pectinata by HPLC‐PAD‐MSn
Authors: Ma Chao‐Mei , Hattori Masao , Chen Hu‐Biao , Cai Shao‐Qing , Daneshtalab Mohsen 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn HPLC‐PAD‐MSn method was employed to profile the phenolic compounds of the aerial part of Artemisia pectinata (Neopallasia pectinata), a plant with no previous reports concerning its phenolic constituents. Three isomers of trans‐caffeoylquinic acid accompanied by cis‐5‐caffeoylquinic acid, six isomers of trans‐dicaffeoylquinic acid, two isomers of methyl trans‐dicaffeoylquinate (including one new isomer), a trans‐caffeoylferuloylquinic acid and three flavanoids were identified unambiguously by analysis of their UV and MSn spectra in comparison with standard compounds that were isolated from natural sources, or synthesised, or were surrogate standards (green coffee extract). Other compounds were identified by analysis of their UV and MSn data in comparison with those reported in the literature. MSn experiments also suggested the presence of groups of dicaffeoylquinic acid glycosides, caffeoylquinic acid diglycosides, caffeoylquinic acid glycosides and quinic acid diglycosides. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analytical investigation of styrax and benzoin balsams by HPLC‐ PAD‐fluorimetry and GC‐MS
Authors: Hovaneissian Michael , Archier Paul , Mathe Carole , Culioli Gérald , Vieillescazes Catherine 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn HPLC and GC study has been conducted on the aromatic oleoresins styrax and benzoin produced by several American, Mediterranean and East‐Asian trees, and widely used in ancient civilisations for their therapeutic and odoriferous properties. Initial experiments were performed by HPLC‐PAD‐fluorimetry for the analysis of several aromatic components, and then completed by GC‐MS for the characterisation of both aromatic and triterpenic derivatives. In this work, it was crucial to isolate from fresh natural exudates, and to characterise by two‐dimensional NMR, some of the major constituents in order to extend the standard molecular pool prior to chromatographic identifications. This study reveals coniferyl benzoate as an excellent distinctive fluorescent biomarker of Siam benzoin substrate. It also confirms that fluorimetric‐coupled detection is a powerful analytical tool for the identification of compounds in Hamamelidaceae extracts that are almost undetectable by UV. GC‐MS was successfully applied to the determination of the botanical origin of Sumatra benzoin, and to the identification of lupeol [3β‐lup‐20(29)‐en‐3‐ol] for the first time in such balsam‐type materials. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Violent crimes and their relationship to personality disorders
Authors: Stone Michael H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPersons committing murder and other forms of violent crime are likely to exhibit a personality disorder (PD) of one type or another. Essentially any personality disorder can be associated with violent crime, with the possible exception of avoidant PD. This includes those described in DSM as well as other disorders such as sadistic PD and psychopathy. The latter two, along with antisocial and paranoid PDs, are the most common personality accompaniments of violent crime. Narcissistic traits (if not narcissistic PD (NPD) itself) are almost universal in this domain, since violent offenders usually place their own desires and urges far above those of other persons. While admixtures of traits from several disorders are common among violent offenders, certain ones are likely to be the main disorder: antisocial PD, Psychopathy, Sadistic PD, Paranoid PD and NPD. Instrumental (as opposed to impulsive) spousal murders are strongly associated with NPD. Men committing serial sexual homicide usually show psychopathy and sadistic PD; half these men also show schizoid PD. Mass murderers usually show strong paranoid traits. With a focus on murder, clinical examples drawn from the crime literature and from the author's personal interviews reflect 14 varieties of personality disorder. Animal torture before adulthood is an important predictor of future violent (including sadistic) crime. Whereas many antisocial persons are eventually capable of rehabilitation, this is rarely the case with psychopathic or sadistic persons. Suggestions for future research are offered. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.