bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Insulin Resistance and Metformin have a role in Unexplained Recurrent Implantation Failure?
Authors: Mo Dan , Zeng Zhonghong , Li Jingjing , Huang Hanji , Luo Yuxing , Liu Xin , Zhao Hong , Chen Jing , Li Rong , Ma Wenhong , Yang Yihua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate the association between IR and pregnancy outcomes in URIF patients, as well as to evaluate the potential benefits of metformin in improving pregnancy outcomes in this population.
Methods
A total of 250 women diagnosed with URIF, undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) from January 2019 to February 2022, were recruited in this study. The patients were divided into IR group and non-IR group according the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index. IR patients were further classified based on whether they received metformin therapy. Primary outcomes were the clinical pregnancy rate, early pregnancy loss rate, and live birth rate.
Results
The clinical pregnancy and live birth rates did not differ significantly between IR and non-IR groups. However, the non-IR group displayed a lower incidence of early pregnancy loss compared to the IR group (13.77% vs. 24.11%, p < 0.05). Following adjustment for confounding factors, IR was still an independent risk factor for early pregnancy loss (OR = 1.385, 95% CI: 1.035 ~ 2.508, p < 0.05). Intriguingly, administration of metformin resulted in a notable decrease in early pregnancy loss rates within the IR group (17.19% vs. 33.33%, p < 0.05).
Conclusions
IR seems to pose little effect on the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate in women with URIF. However, IR might be associated with an increased risk of early pregnancy loss, and taking metformin in IR individuals could have potential benefits. These findings impart valuable insights into the management of URIF with IR.
Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trials Register (ChiCTR2300077976), retrospectively registrated.
Connection between the Gut Microbiota of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) and Microbiota of the aquaponics system Environment
Authors: Yang Guiqiang , Li Wentong , Ma Junfeng , Wang Zhanquan , He Jie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The significant role played by the gut microbiota in the fish growth, development, immunity, and overall health has been widely established. Nevertheless, there remains a lack of clarity regarding the interaction and origin between the environmental microbiota and the gut microbiota of aquaculture species within the aquaponics coupling system. Thus, we conducted an analysis of the gut microbiota of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) obtained from an indoor enclosed circulating water aquaponics coupling system located in greenhouses in northern China. Additionally, we examined the microbiota of the fish pond water and tomato rhizosphere soil using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Our results demonstrated significant differences in the compositions of fish pond water, rhizosphere soil, and the gut microbiota of largemouth bass. Moreover, these compositions changed throughout the culture period. Approximately 11.99% of the bacterial composition in the gut microbiota of largemouth bass could be attributable to the rhizosphere soil microbiota, while 62.01% of the bacterial composition could be attributable to the fish pond water microbiota. However, the proportion of bacteria in the gut microbiota from the fish pond water microbiota remained respectively 40.90% and 56.15% in May and September, which increased markedly to 88.97% in July. Similarly, the proportion of bacteria in the pond water microbiota from the tomato rhizosphere soil microbiota were respectively 0% and 8.95% in samples collected in May and September, which increased markedly to 69.26% in July, and the proportion of bacteria in the gut microbiota from the tomato rhizosphere soil microbiota were respectively 0.07% and 0% in samples collected in May and September, which increased to 0.45% in July. The research results offer essential insights into the interactions and origins of environmental microbiota and gut microbiota in the aquaponics system of cultured fish. This knowledge could enhance green aquaponics practices for largemouth bass.
Regulatory impact of activating and inactivating histone modifications for epigenetic control of Tet expression during murine brain development and aging
Authors: Kilinc Selma , Kraus Theo F. J. , Kretzschmar Hans A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Recent studies demonstrated that 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is particularly enriched in the brain. It is the oxidative product of 5-methylcyotsine (5mC), mediated by the ten-eleven translocation (Tet) genes. Being the intermediate in DNA demethylation, 5hmC itself may also be regulated by certain chromatin structures. As there is an unknown biological mechanism in murine brain and other tissues, there is a need to investigate the biological mechanisms linking 5hmC formation and histone modifications. The aim of this study was to check up the regulation levels of quantified expression levels of genes that are associated with DNA demethylation in murine brain during aging at regions with the histone modifications H3K4me3 (a euchromatin mark) and H3K27me3 (a transcription repressive mark).
Results: We show significant reduction of expression levels of the Tet genes compatible for regulation levels at H3K27me3. H3K4me3 displays relatively strong correlations with still known quantified 5hmC amounts in cortex and in cerebellum.
Conclusions: Our results demonstrate a new insight into 5hmC availability depending on transcriptional activity and into Tet gene expressions depending on transcriptional repression.
Factors influencing the flexible flatfoot in preschool children and analysis of the effects of orthopedic insoles
Authors: Bian Ruihao , Jia Guoqing , Zhu Liutao , Ainiwa Aikebaier , Dong Xueru , Wang Haoxiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To explore the influencing factors of flexible flatfoot in preschool children and effects of orthopedic insoles.
Methods: 171 preschool children fitted with orthopedic insoles and revisited after 1 year, were selected as the experimental group, while 805 children matched as the control group. All included children were assessed for biomechanical parameters.
Results: At follow-up, degree of flatfoot, calcaneal valgus angle, knee valgus angle, foot posture index, and joint flexibility were lower than at the initial visit in the experimental group (p<0.05). Calcaneal valgus angle, knee valgus angle, and foot posture index were lower than the control group(p<0.05). Age, and tibial torsion angle were negatively correlated (r=-0.19, -0.07, p<0.001) with degree of flatfoot, while hallux valgus angle, calcaneal valgus angle, knee valgus angle, navicular drop height, foot posture index, and body mass index were positively correlated (r=0.06, 0.39, 0.05, 0.38, 0.51, 0.16, p<0.05). Significant difference was found in degree of flatfoot between genders (χ2=99.76, p<0.001).Navicular drop height [OR:3.29 (95% CI: 2.55-4.23)], male gender [OR:1.77 (95% CI: 1.48-2.13)], foot posture index [OR:1.42 (95% CI: 1.33-1.48)], body mass index [OR:1.09 (95% CI: 1.06-1.12)], heel valgus angle [OR:1.10 (95% CI: 1.06-1.15)], and age [OR:0.78(95% CI: 0.73-0.83)] were factors influencing degree of flatfoot (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Degree of flatfoot in preschool children is influenced by navicular drop height, gender, foot posture index, body mass index, heel valgus angle, and age. With growth, there may be some relief. Orthopedic insoles can to some extent correct heel and knee valgus, but it cannot reduce degree of flatfoot.
Outcomes of Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome in Patients with Acute and Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure in China: A Single Center Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Guo Hebing , Yin Ningning , Tan Jianbo , Pu Lin , Hao Jingjing , Liu Jingyuan , Li Ang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) pose significant threats to patient prognosis, often leading to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), which is characterized by simultaneous dysfunction of two or more organ systems and significantly heightens the risk of mortality. Standard strategies for managing organ complications in critical illness may not always be suitable for patients with liver failure (LF).This study aims to investigate the outcomes of MODS in patients with ALF and ACLF in China, while also identifying factors influencing mortality and prognosis. We conducted a retrospective cohort study at a specialized tertiary hospital for liver diseases in Beijing, China, spanning from June 1, 2009, to May 31, 2022.Risk factors were assessed through univariate and multivariate analyses using logistic regression. Cumulative 90-day mortality rates between the ACLF and ALF groups were compared using Cox Analysis. 195 patients with ALF and 318 patients with ACLF were included in this study. The primary outcome of interest was 90-day mortality. This study enrolled a total of 513 patients. Of these, 119 patients (61%) with ALF and 140 patients (44%) with ACLF experienced MODS. Patients with ALF exhibited a higher number of organ failures compared to those with ACLF (2 vs. 1, P = 0.006). Additionally, patients with ALF demonstrated higher median admission critical illness scores.Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that GIB (OR = 3.112, 95% CI 1.4–6.916, P = 0.005), MELD-Na scores (OR = 1.079, 95% CI 1.033–1.127, P = 0.001), Age (OR = 1.056, 95% CI 1.025–1.088, P < 0.001), NLR (OR = 1.073, 95% CI 1.014–1.132, P = 0.014), ICU admission (OR = 4.319, 95% CI 1.347–13.851, P = 0.014), and Clif-SOFA (OR = 1.147, 95% CI 1.022–1.287, P = 0.02) were independent influential factors in predicting 90-day mortality, with an AUCROC of 0.881. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that SOFA score (OR = 1.255, 95% CI 1.166–1.351, P = 0.001), GCS scores (OR = 0.674, 95% CI 0.606–0.881, P = 0.001), Age (OR = 1.048, 95% CI 1.022–1.076, P < 0.001), and ICU admission (OR = 0.258, 95% CI 0.075–0.885, P = 0.031) were independent influential factors in predicting 90-day mortality, with an AUCROC of 0.872.Cox analysis for cumulative 90-day mortality indicated that patients with ALF had higher mortality rates compared to those with ACLF (33.8% vs. 27%, P = 0.026) and compared to patients with cirrhosis ACLF and non-cirrhosis ACLF (33.8% vs. 31% vs. 25.9%, P = 0.018).Patients with ALF exhibited a higher incidence of MODS and consequently had a poorer 90-day prognosis.
Photon frequency ν as the center one of a wave train spectrum
Authors: Zhang Xingchu , She Weilong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

It is well known that, for an incident light of not so high intensity and in a certain range of frequency, the stopping voltage of photoelectric effect is independent of the intensity but dependent on the frequency of the light, which is described by the equation V = hν/e−W0/e, where V is the stopping voltage, h is the Planck constant, ν is the frequency of incident light, e is the electron charge, and W0 is the work function. It means that the larger the frequency of incident light, the higher the stopping voltage is. However, the present experiment finds that for a non-monochromatic incident light, the stopping voltage is not determined by the maximum frequency component of the incident light, but by the maximum center frequency of all the wave train components (with different center frequencies) involved in the incident light, that is to say, in the photon energy expression hν, physical quantity ν does not refer to the frequency of a monochromatic light, but represents the center frequency of a wave train spectrum. The spectral bandwidth of a wave train component can be as large as 122 nm in visible and near-infrared region. This should arouse more attention in the study of energy exchange between light and matter.
HeartBERT : A language model pre-trained on anopen source dataset for cardiac text mining
Authors: Gwon Hansle , Seo Hyeram , Park Seohyun , Kim Young-Hak , Jun Tae Joon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The advent of the Transformer has significantly altered the course of research in Natural Language Processing (NLP) within thedomain of deep learning, making Transformer-based studies the mainstream in subsequent NLP research. There has alsobeen considerable advancement in domain-specific NLP research, including the development of specialized language modelsfor medical. These medical-specific language models were trained on medical data and demonstrated high performance. Whilethese studies have treated the medical field as a single domain, in reality, medical is divided into multiple departments, eachrequiring a high level of expertise and treated as a unique domain. Recognizing this, our research focuses on constructinga model specialized for cardiology within the medical sector. Our study encompasses the creation of open-source datasets,training, and model evaluation in this nuanced domain.
Whole-genome demography of COVID-19 virus during its pandemic period and on “panvalent” vaccine design
Authors: Kim Byung-Ju , Choi JaeJin , Kim Sung-Hou 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

With over 16 million submitted genomic sequences, the SARS-CoV-2 (SC2) virus, the cause of the most recent worldwide pandemic COVID-19 pandemic, has become the most sequenced genome of all known viruses (1), revealing, for example, a vast number of expanding viral lineages. Since the pandemic phase appears to be over, we performed a retrospective re-examination of the demographic grouping pattern and their genomic characteristics during the entire pandemic period up to the peak of the last pandemic wave.
For our study, we extracted from the NCBI (2) only unique viral sequences and converted each sequence data to a relationalvector, indicating the presence/absence of each variational event compared to a “reference” sequence. Our study revealed several genomic features that are unexpected or different from those of previous studies (3 – 9). For example, approximately 44,000 variants with unique sequences emerged during the pandemic period; they group into only four major demographic groups and each has a set of mostly unique highly-conserved variant-genotypes (HCVGs); and the set from the first group was passed down to the remaining three groups, suggesting that HCVGs in the next group may be predictable from the HCVGs of the current group(s). Such a concept may be potentially important in designing “panvalent” vaccines against the current and future waves of viral infections.
Systematic literature review of the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of peritoneal dialysis-related infection caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria
Authors: Kadota Nozomi , Ishikawa Kazuhiro , Kubono Yuta , Konishi Kasumi , Fujimaru Takuya , Ito Yugo , Nagahama Masahiko , Taki Fumika , Kawai Fujimi , Mori Nobuyoshi , Nakayama Masaaki 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The number of peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter-related infections and peritonitis caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) has been increasing. Nonetheless, the optimal timing for the relocation of the exit site, removal and reinsertion of the PD catheter, prognosis, and duration of antibiotic treatment remain unclear. This literature review aimed to investigate the epidemiology of patient characteristics and evaluate the most effective diagnostic and treatment strategies for PD catheter-related infections and peritonitis caused by NTM. The systematic literature review was conducted on published cases of PD catheter-related infection and peritonitis caused by NTM in PubMed, Embase, and Ichushi databases up to August 2022. A total of 335 cases (64.1%, male; mean age, 53.4 years; mean dialysis duration, 25.4 months) were analyzed. The most common causative agent of infection was Mycobacterium abscessus (40.1%), followed by Mycobacterium fortuitum (24.8%) and Mycobacterium chelonae (16.6%). With respect to diagnosis, 42.9%, 28.1%, and 29.0% of cases were diagnosed as PD catheter-related infection only, peritonitis only, and both, respectively. The initial cultures were positive for NTM only, positive for any other bacteria, and negative for NTM only in 56.5%, 19.8%, and 23.7% of cases, respectively. Ultimately, PD catheter removal was performed in 55.4% and 85.5% of patients with PD catheter-related infections only and peritonitis, respectively. PD continuation or resumption was possible in 62.2% and 16.0% of patients, respectively. In conclusion, our findings indicate that it is advisable to perform acid-fast bacilli stain and culture in order to promptly identify NTM. PD catheter removal may be an essential management strategy during the early stages of NTM infection.
Magnetic resonance radiomics differentiates gliosarcoma from glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Long Qianyan , Zhang Jinwei , Fu Yan , Yi Xiaoping , Jin Taihao , Tran Megan M , Tang Haiyun , Chen Chen , Gong Guanghui , Hu Zhongliang , Han Zaide , Chen Changyong , Lin Huashan , Tan Zeming , Chen Bihong T 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Traditional radiological imaging has a limited ability to differentiate gliosarcoma (GS) from glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The aim of this study was to develop a magnetic resonance (MR) radiomic method to preoperatively differentiate GS from GBM and predict the survival of patients with GS.
Methods: A single-center retrospective review was conducted on 39 patients with GS and 316 patients with GBM. MR radiomic models for differentiating GS from GBM were built with machine learning methods. Model performance was evaluated with discrimination, calibration, and decision curve analysis. Multivariate Cox regression was used to calculate risk scores from MR radiomics and clinical features and to predict survival for patients with GS.
Results: The final MR radiomic model provided an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9420 (95% CI: 0.8922–0.9918) with an accuracy of 0.9280 (95% CI: 0.8119-0.9760) in the training cohort, and an AUC of 0.9447 (95% CI: 0.9025–0.9870) with an accuracy of 0.8972 (95% CI: 0.8318-0.9533) in the validation cohort, for differentiating GS from GBM. The AUC for predicting one-year survival of GS patients using our radiomic method was 0.882. GS patients with lower risk scores had significantly longer survival than those with higher risk scores (p=0.0007, log-rank test).
Conclusions: This study showed promising results for differentiating GS from GSM using an MR-based machine learning radiomic method. In addition, combining the MR radiomic features and clinical data into a risk score demonstrated the potential for this approach to predict prognosis for GS patients.
IGHA1 and IGHG1 expression panel predicts anti-PD-L1 response in muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Zhou Lin , Yu Guopeng , Zhu Jinchao , Li Minglun , Xu Bin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
B cells located in tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) may undergo clonal expansion, somatic hypermutation, isotype switching, and tumor-specific antibody production, suggesting that antibody-producing plasma cells may be involved in antitumor immunity.
Methods
This study used a combination of single-cell sequencing (5 samples from our center, and 4 samples from PRJNA662018) and spatial transcriptome (1 sample from our center, and 4 samples from GSE169379) research methods to investigate the relationship between TLSs and the immunoglobulin repertoire in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). 405 patients with MIBC from TCGA and 348 patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma on PD-L1 inhibitor treatment from the IMvigor210 trial were included in this study.
Results
We identified IGHA1low IGHG1high patients could benefit more from cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy and PD-L1 inhibitor. Further analyses revealed IGHA1low IGHG1high subgroup was linked to an antitumor immune microenvironment with highly immune effector cells. Spatial architecture unveils areas of B cell rich hot spots in TLS + tumors. We found that some IGHG1 clonotypes appeared inside the TLS, and most IGHG1 clonotypes were distributed in the tumor bed after treatment. The diversity of the immunoglobulin repertoire, especially IGHG1 clonotype, was higher after treatment. IGHA1low IGHG1high patients was associated with antitumor immune microenvironment and the therapeutic response to adjuvant chemotherapy and PD-L1 inhibitor in MIBC.
Conclusion
This study presents a spatial map of TLSs, where plasma cells of IGHG1 clonotypes mature within and disseminate around tumors. Plasma cells of IGHG1 clonotypes may cooperate with iCAF, macrophages and NK cells to kill tumor cells and improve the efficacy of immunotherapy.
In-depth Proteomic Analysis of Alfalfa Silage Inoculated with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Reveals Protein Transformation Mechanisms and Optimizes Dietary N Utilization
Authors: Xia Tianqi , Wang Tianwei , Zhang Jiaqi , Li Huangkeyi , Sun Jiahao , Liu Shanji , Yun Fangfei , Teng Kunling , Jin Sijie , Wang Siyue , Fu Zhihui , Zhong Jin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Alfalfa is a crucial feed source for ruminants, especially dairy cows, and is rich in protein (16-24% dry matter). Concerns regarding alfalfa silage nitrogen (N) loss have emerged from protein transformation, but the molecular mechanism underlying this transformation remains poorly understood. Hence, there is an urgent need to elucidate the protein transformation mechanism and optimize dietary N utilization to enhance ruminant protein nutrition.
Results
We established a comprehensive pipeline including protein components, peptides and amino acids (AAs) to characterize the protein transformation process and available N preservation. We found that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum treatment preserved more of the true protein fraction PB1 and peptide-N and prevented further degradation, as reflected by decreased NH3-N contents. Proteomic profiling revealed that protein alteration is driven by the interplay of the ensiling process and L. plantarum treatment. Tripeptidyl-peptidase, carboxypeptidase and serine protease are major plant endogenous proteases that exhibit optimal activity for protein transformation during ensiling. The transformation degree was influenced by subcellular localization and functional properties. Proteins residing in the membrane and ribosomal structures and participating in cellular processes, catalytic activities, and metabolic processes display heightened sensitivity to transformation. During ensiling process, L. plantarum treatment further downregulated proteins located in the membrane and cytoplasm. The protein transformation degree was also reflected in the intermediates of the transformation. Thus, we investigated the peptide composition of alfalfa silages by determining their amino acid sequences. Among these, Ile-Pro and Pro-Val emerged as the predominant constituents. Additionally, L. plantarum treatment increased the bioactive peptide level via dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibition, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition, and antioxidative activity. Next, we provided a complete AA profile, highlighting the dominance of the flavorful L-Glu and the proteogenic Arg in the silages treated with L. plantarum.
Conclusions
We present pioneering data to comprehensively unravel the mechanism of protein transformation, providing valuable resources by revealing the true protein composition serving as an alfalfa silage protein library and emphasizing the functional aspects of the proteins within it. Our findings shed light on how the utilization of rumen-available N in alfalfa silage contributes to environmental sustainability and reduces feeding costs by decreasing N excretion.