bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression analysis of pluripotency factors in the undifferentiated porcine inner cell mass and epiblast during in vitro culture
Authors: Blomberg Le Ann , Schreier Lori L. , Talbot Neil C. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractLimited understanding of the importance of known pluripotency factors in pig embryonic stem cells (ESC) impedes the establishment and validation of porcine ESC lines. This study evaluated the expression of known mouse ESC and human ESC (hESC) pluripotency markers in in vivo inner cell mass (ICM) and in vitro‐cultured undifferentiated porcine epiblast cells isolated from 8‐day porcine blastocysts, primary cultures of epiblast‐derived neuroprogenitor cells, and endoderm cells. The expression profile of common pluripotency markers (POU domain 5 transcript factor 1, SRY‐box containing gene 2, and Nanog homeobox), species‐specific markers, ESC‐associated factors, and differentiation markers was evaluated. The mRNA of uncultured ICMs, cultured epiblast cells, epiblast‐derived neuroprogenitor cells, and endoderm cells was amplified prior to expression analysis of candidate genes by real‐time RT‐PCR. ESC factors whose expression correlated best with the undifferentiated epiblast state were identified by comparative mRNA expression analysis between porcine epiblast‐derived somatic cell lines, fetal fibroblasts, and adult tissues. Across tissue types Nanog homeobox exhibited ubiquitous expression, whereas POU domain 5 transcript factor 1, teratocarcinoma‐derived growth factor 1, and RNA exonuclease homolog 1 transcript expression was restricted primarily to undifferentiated epiblasts. Our results suggested that expression of pluripotency markers in undifferentiated pig epiblast cells more closely resembled that observed in hESC. Expression alterations of ESC‐associated factors in epiblast cells were also observed during in vitro culture. Our data demonstrate the potential use of some pluripotency factors as markers of porcine epiblast stem cells and indicate that the in vitro environment may influence the cultured epiblast's developmental state. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 450–463, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Social inhibition and treatment‐resistant depression
Authors: Crawford Joanna G. , Parker Gordon B. , Malhi Gin S. , Mitchell Philip B. , Wilhelm Kay , Proudfoot Judy 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBackground A personality trait of introversion/social inhibition is increasingly recognized as relevant to the phenomenology and course of depression. We sought to examine the relationship between social inhibition and treatment resistance in depressed patients.Method Data on depression history and severity, self‐reported social inhibition and social support, anxiety disorders, treatments trialled and psychiatrist‐rated ‘treatment resistance’ were collected from a sample of 177 depressed patients referred to a tertiary referral Mood Disorders Unit.Results Depressed patients in the ‘high’ social inhibition group had significantly higher psychiatrist‐rated levels of ‘treatment resistance’, lower perceived social support and had higher rates of social phobia preceding their depression.Conclusion Clinicians managing difficult‐to‐treat depression should remain aware of the potential role of high social inhibition and low perceived social support in maintaining depression. Further, clinicians should consider the possibility of primary social phobia, as failure to provide specific treatments may be one of the many contributors to the overall category of ‘treatment‐resistant depression’. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integrated analytical approach in veal calves administered the anabolic androgenic steroids boldenone and boldione: urine and plasma kinetic profile and changes in plasma protein expression
Authors: Draisci Rosa , Montesissa Clara , Santamaria Barbara , D'Ambrosio Chiara , Ferretti Giovanni , Merlanti Roberta , Ferranti Carolina , De Liguoro Marco , Cartoni Claudia , Pistarino Erika , Ferrara Lino , Tiso Micaela , Scaloni Andrea , Cosulich M. Elisabetta 
Published: August 2007

AbstractSurveillance of illegal use of steroids hormones in cattle breeding is a key issue to preserve human health. To this purpose, an integrated approach has been developed for the analysis of plasma and urine from calves treated orally with a single dose of a combination of the androgenic steroids boldenone and boldione. A quantitative estimation of steroid hormones was obtained by LC‐APCI‐Q‐MS/MS analysis of plasma and urine samples obtained at various times up to 36 and 24 h after treatment, respectively. These experiments demonstrated that boldione was never found, while boldenone α‐ and β‐epimers were detected in plasma and urine only within 2 and 24 h after drug administration, respectively. Parallel proteomic analysis of plasma samples was obtained by combined 2‐DE, MALDI‐TOF‐MS and μLC‐ESI‐IT‐MS/MS procedures. A specific protein, poorly represented in normal plasma samples collected before treatment, was found upregulated even 36 h after hormone treatment. Extensive mass mapping experiments proved this component as an N‐terminal truncated form of apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), a protein involved in cholesterol transport. The expression profile of ApoA1 analysed by Western blot analysis confirmed a significant and time dependent increase of this ApoA1 fragment. Then, provided that further experiments performed with a growth‐promoting schedule will confirm these preliminary findings, truncated ApoA1 may be proposed as a candidate biomarker for steroid boldenone and possibly other anabolic androgens misuse in cattle veal calves, when no traces of hormones are detectable in plasma or urine.
Proteomic analysis of the cellular responses induced in uninfected immune cells by cell‐expressed X4 HIV‐1 envelope
Authors: Molina Laurence , Grimaldi Marina , Robert‐Hebmann Véronique , Espert Lucile , Varbanov Mihayl , Devaux Christian , Granier Claude , Biard‐Piechaczyk Martine 
Published: August 2007

AbstractHIV‐1 envelope gp120 and gp41 glycoproteins (Env), expressed at the cell surface, induce uninfected CD4 T‐cell death, but the molecular mechanisms leading to this demise are still largely unknown. To better understand these events, we analyzed by a proteomic approach the differential protein expression profile of two types of uninfected immune cells after their coculture for 1–3 days with cells that express, or not, Env. First, umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCBMCs) were used to approach the in vivo situation, i.e., blood uninfected naive cells that encounter infected cells. Second, we used the A2.01/CD4.403 T‐cell line expressing wild type CXCR4 and a truncated form of CD4 that still undergoes Env‐mediated apoptosis, independently of CD4 signaling. After coculture with cells expressing Env, 35 and 39 proteins presenting an altered expression in UCBMCs and the A2.01/CD4.403 T‐cell line, respectively, were identified by mass‐spectrometry. Whatever the cell type analyzed, the majority of these proteins are involved in degradation processes, redox homeostasis, metabolism and cytoskeleton dynamics, and linked to mitochondrial functions. This study provides new insights into the events that sequentially occur in bystander T lymphocytes after contact with HIV‐infected cells and leading, finally, to apoptotic cell death.
Targeted protein quantitation and profiling using PVDF affinity probe and MALDI‐TOF MS
Authors: Chen Shu‐Hua , Liao Hsin‐Kai , Chang Chih‐Yang , Juo Chiun‐Gung , Chen Jenn‐Han , Chan Sunney I. , Chen Yu‐Ju 
Published: August 2007

AbstractDevelopment of a rapid, effective, and highly specific platform for target identification in complex biofluids is one of the most important tasks in proteomic research. Taking advantage of the natural hydrophobic interaction of PVDF with probe protein, a simple and effective method was developed for protein quantitation and profiling. Using antibody–antigen interactions as a proof‐of‐concept system, the targeted plasma proteins, serum amyloid P (SAP), serum amyloid A (SAA), and C‐reactive protein (CRP), could be selectively isolated and enriched from human plasma by antibody‐immobilized PVDF membrane and directly identified by MALDI‐TOF MS without additional elution step. The approach was successfully applied to human plasma for rapid quantitation and variant screening of SAP, SAA, and CRP in healthy individuals and patients with gastric cancer. The triplexed on‐probe quantitative analysis revealed significant overexpression of CRP and SAA in gastric cancer group, consistent with parallel ELISA measurements and pathological progression and prognostic significance reported in previous literatures. Furthermore, the variant mass profiling of the post‐translationally modified forms revealed a high occurrence of de‐sialic acid SAP in patients with gastric cancer. Due to the versatile assay design, ease of probe preparation without chemical synthesis, and compatibility with MALDI‐TOF MS analysis, the methodology may be useful for target protein characterization, functional proteomics, and screening in clinical proteomics.
Starch‐graft‐(synthetic copolymer) latexes initiated with Ce4+ and stabilized by amylopectin
Authors: De Bruyn Hank , Sprong Ewan , Gaborieau Marianne , Roper John A. , Gilbert Robert G. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA method is presented for synthesizing surfactant‐free latexes comprising starch‐graft‐(vinyl polymer) starting with a suspension of amylopectin, either native or modified, then using cerium(IV) with either potassium persulfate or glucose to create grafting sites on the starch. Latex particles comprising polystyrene, poly(styrene‐co‐(n‐butyl acrylate)) and poly(vinyl acetate) grafted onto high molecular weight amylopectin were developed, with up to 80% of the starch effectively grafted to the particles. These latexes were colloidally stable against electrolyte (several months in 4 M NaCl). Reaction rates of Ce4+ with simple sugars and polysaccharides were investigated, as well as the gelation mechanism of the latex. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 4185–4192, 2007
Morphological development and rheological changes of phenoxy/SAN blends during in‐situ polymerization
Authors: Guo Qipeng , Arends Peter , Thomann Ralf , Spontak Richard J. , Gronski Wolfram 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThis article reports the results of an investigation into the time‐dependent morphological and rheological changes that accompany the in‐situ polymerization of blends composed of poly(hydroxyether of bisphenol A) (phenoxy) and poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) (SAN). The rheological behavior was monitored continuously during the in‐situ polymerization, whereas the miscibility and phase structure of blends formed in situ were examined at discrete stages of polymerization by differential scanning calorimetry and transmission electron microscopy. In the blend with 30 wt % SAN, a co‐continuous blend morphology was associated with gradual changes in the dynamic moduli, suggesting that phase separation proceeded by spinodal decomposition (SD). In contrast, phenoxy‐rich dispersions were uniformly dispersed in a continuous SAN‐rich matrix in the blend with 50 wt % SAN, and the corresponding rheological signature revealed a sharp initial increase in the dynamic moduli, followed by slower growth after long times, indicative of phase separation via nucleation and growth (NG). The rheological property changes are closely related to morphology development and mechanisms of phase separation induced duringin‐situ polymerization. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 2614–2619, 2007
S179D prolactin sensitizes human prostate cancer cells such that physiological concentrations of 1, 25 dihydroxy vitamin D3 result in growth inhibition and cell death
Authors: Wu Wei , Zanello Laura , Walker Ameae M. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBACKGROUNDS179D Prolactin (PRL) is a molecular mimic of naturally phosphorylated human PRL which has been shown to inhibit the growth of human prostate cancer cells both in vitro and when grown as tumors in nude mice.METHODSIn the current study, we have investigated the potential interplay between S179D PRL and 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1,25D) in the inhibition of prostate cancer cell growth by incubating cells under circumstances where each hormone alone has no effect.RESULTSIncubation of DU145 or PC3 cells in 100 pM 1,25D or 10 nM S179D PRL for 3 days showed no effect of each alone on expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), or the cell cycle regulatory protein p21, or on cell number. Incubation in both together increased expression of the VDR and p21 two to threefold. This co‐operative effect was reproduced when activation of the p21 promoter was analyzed using a p21‐luciferase (p21‐luc) construct. Elimination of the VDR response element from p21‐luc eliminated response to the hormone combination, showing that the effect on p21 was through the VDR. Most importantly, S179D PRL sensitized the cells to 1,25D such that there was a concentration‐related reduction in cell number versus controls between 40 and 160 pM. At least part of this effect was via the induction of cell death.CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that combined anti‐tumor therapy may be very efficacious and that the dose of 1,25D required may be below the range that results in hypercalcemia. Prostate 67: 1498–1506, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
RCC1‐like repeat proteins: A pangenomic, structurally diverse new superfamily of β‐propeller domains
Authors: Stevens Tim J. , Paoli Max 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe β‐propeller fold is a phylogenetically widespread, common protein architecture able to support a range of different functions such as catalysis, ligand binding and transport, regulation and protein binding. Interestingly, it appears that the β‐propeller topology is also compatible with strikingly diverse sequences. Amongst this diversity, there are three large groups of proteins with related sequences and very important cellular and intercellular regulatory functions: WD, kelch, and YWTD proteins. A common characteristic between these protein families is that their sequences, while distinct, all contain internal repeats 40–45 residues long. Through a pangenomic analysis using internal repeat profiles derived from the structurally known propeller modules of the eukaryotic protein RCC1 and the related prokaryotic protein BLIP‐II, we have defined a new superfamily of propeller repeats, the RCC1‐like repeats (RLRs). These sequences turn out to be more phylogenetically widespread than other large groups of propeller proteins, occurring in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes. Interestingly, our research showed that RLR domains with different numbers of repeats exist, ranging from 3 to 7, and possibly more. A novel, intriguing finding is the discovery of sequences with 3 repeats, as well as proteins with 10 modular units, though in the latter case it is not clear whether these are made of two 5‐bladed domains or a single, novel 10‐bladed propeller. In addition, the results indicate that circular permutation events may have taken place in the evolution of these proteins. It is now established that the group of RLR proteins is extremely numerous and is characterized by unique, remarkable features which place it in a position of special interest as an important superfamily of proteins in nature. Proteins 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of the individual domains of translation termination factor eRF1 in GTP binding to eRF3
Authors: Kononenko Artem V. , Mitkevich Vladimir A. , Dubovaya Vera I. , Kolosov Peter M. , Makarov Alexander A. , Kisselev Lev L. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractEukaryotic translational termination is triggered by polypeptide release factors eRF1, eRF3, and one of the three stop codons at the ribosomal A‐site. Isothermal titration calorimetry shows that (i) the separated MC, M, and C domains of human eRF1 bind to eRF3; (ii) GTP binding to eRF3 requires complex formation with either the MC or M + C domains; (iii) the M domain interacts with the N and C domains; (iv) the MC domain and Mg2+ induce GTPase activity of eRF3 in the ribosome. We suggest that GDP binding site of eRF3 acquires an ability to bind γ‐phosphate of GTP if altered by cooperative action of the M and C domains of eRF1. Thus, the stop‐codon decoding is associated with the N domain of eRF1 while the GTPase activity of eRF3 is controlled by the MC domain of eRF1 demonstrating a substantial structural uncoupling of these two activities though functionally they are interrelated. Proteins 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The photoassociation and photodissociation in laser‐assisted collision reaction H + Cl+
Authors: Niu Ying‐Yu , Wang Rong , Su Qian‐Zhen , Cong Shu‐Lin 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe collision reaction H + Cl+ assisted by the ultra‐short laser pulse is investigated using the time‐dependent quantum wave packet method. The probability of dissociation depends on the yield ratio of association product HCl+. The greater the laser frequency is, the lower the vibrational level of HCl+ is. With lowering laser frequency, the probabilities of photoassociation and photodissociation increase, and the ratio of products H+ + Cl(2P0) to H(2S) + Cl+(1D) also increases. The kinetic energy spectra of the dissociated fragments at low frequency are wider than those at high frequency. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2008
Structures and properties of π Br‐bond in complexes C2H4−nFnBrF (n = 0–2)
Authors: Li Rui‐Yan , Wang Bing‐Qiang , Li Zhi‐Ru , Wu Di , Li Ying 
Published: August 2007

AbstractUsing the counterpoise‐corrected potential energy surface method, the stationary structures of the π Br‐bond complexes C2H4‐nFnBrF (n = 0–2) with all real frequencies have been obtained at MP2/aug‐cc‐pVDZ level. The order of the π Br‐bond length is 2.625 Å (C2H4BrF) < 2.714 Å (C2H3FBrF) < 2.751 Å (g‐C2H2F2BrF) < 2.771 Å (trans‐C2H2F2BrF) < 2.778 Å (cis‐C2H2F2BrF). The interaction energies (Eint) are, respectively,‐5.9 (C2H4BrF),‐4.4 (C2H3FBrF),‐3.7 (g‐C2H2F2BrF),‐3.1 (cis‐C2H2F2BrF),‐2.8 kcal/mol (trans‐C2H2F2BrF), at the CCSD (T)/aug‐cc‐pVDZ level, which include larger electron correlation contributions (Ecorre). The order of Ecorre is‐3.40 (C2H4BrF),‐3.60 (C2H3FBrF),‐3.85 (g‐C2H2F2BrF),‐3.86 (cis‐C2H2F2BrF),‐3.88 kcal/mol (trans‐C2H2F2BrF). The earlier results show above that the F substituent effect elongates the π Br‐bond, reduces the Eint, and increases the Ecorre contribution of the interaction energy. Interestingly, the interaction energy of the cis‐C2H2F2BrF structure with longer interaction distance is larger than that of the corresponding trans‐C2H2F2BrF structure with shorter interaction distance. This reason comes from a special secondary interaction between lone pairs of Br atom with positive charge and some atoms (H, C) with positive charges of C2H2F2 in the cis‐C2H2F2BrF structure. Comparing with corresponding C2H4‐nFnClF and C2H4‐nFnHF, the C2H4‐nFnBrF system has the larger Eint in which main contribution comes from the larger Ecorre, representing the larger dispersion interaction. The larger Ecorre contribution of the Eint of π Br‐bond can be used to understand that the π Br‐bond is shorter and stronger than corresponding π Cl‐bond. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2008
Spin–orbit interaction with nonlinear wave functions
Authors: Brozell Scott R. , Shepard Ron , Zhang Zhiyong 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe computation of the spin–orbit interaction is discussed for electronic wave functions expressed in the new nonlinear expansion form. This form is based on spin eigenfunctions using the graphical unitary group approach (GUGA). The nodes of a Shavitt graph in GUGA are connected by arcs, and a Configuration State Function (CSF) is represented as a walk along arcs from the vacuum node to a head node. The wave function is a linear combination of product functions each of which is a linear combination of all CSFs, wherein each CSF coefficient is a product of nonlinear arc factors. When the spin–orbit interaction is included the Shavitt graph is a union of single‐headed Shavitt graphs each with the same total number of electrons and orbitals. Thus spin–orbit Shavitt graphs are multiheaded. For full‐CI multiheaded Shavitt graphs, analytic expressions are presented for the number of walks, the number of nodes, the number of arcs, and the number of node pairs in the associated auxiliary pair graph. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
Linear response formalism for the Douglas–Kroll–Hess approach to the Dirac–Kohn–Sham problem: First‐ and second‐order nuclear displacement derivatives of the energy
Authors: Matveev Alexei V. , Nasluzov Vladimir A. , Rösch Notker 
Published: August 2007

AbstractStarting from a matrix representation of the modified Dirac equation, we offer an alternative approach to the Douglas–Kroll–Hess (DKH) protocol, specifically for the popular decoupling of electronic and positronic degrees of freedom to second‐order in the potential. Then we use that approach for a convenient analysis of response properties. We discuss details of the linear and quadratic response of the DKH Hamiltonian to a geometric distortion encountered in calculations of first‐ and second‐order derivatives of the energy. We present an implementation of analytic force constants in a quasi‐relativistic (scalar) model constructed by the commonly used DKH transformation of second order in the nuclear potential only. We demonstrate the performance of the method by a comparison to the effective core potential method, using two isomers of the cluster Ir4 and aqua complexes of the uranyl dication, UO(H2O)n (n = 3,…6) as examples. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
The S phase of the cell cycle and its perturbation by human cytomegalovirus
Authors: Bain Mark , Sinclair John 
Published: August 2007

AbstractHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a complex human herpesvirus that is known to productively infect a wide range of cell types. In addition, it has been suggested to contribute to some proliferative disorders, particularly atherosclerosis. Consistent with this, a number of studies have shown that HCMV profoundly affects normal cell cycle control. Specifically, the virus can stimulate early entry into S phase thus ensuring adequate resources for viral DNA replication. Importantly, however, the virus concomitantly inhibits potentially competing cellular DNA synthesis allowing cellular precursors to be used for viral but not cellular DNA replication. The mechanisms by which HCMV perturbs S phase entry involve interactions between the virus and the cellular replication machinery such that formation of competent pre‐replication complexes (Pre‐RC) at cellular origins of replication is restricted in infected cells. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.