bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methyl‐supplemented nutrition delays the development of autoimmune disease in pristane‐induced murine lupus
Authors: Bradyanova Silviya , Manoylov Iliyan , Boneva Gabriela , Kechidzhieva Lidiya , Tchorbanov Andrey , Nikolova‐Ganeva Kalina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aetiology and progression of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) resulted from a complex sequence of events generated both from genetic and epigenetic processes. In the current research, the effect of methyl‐supplemented nutrition on the development of SLE was studied in the pristane‐induced mouse model of the disease. The results clearly demonstrated decreased anti‐dsDNA antibody and proteinuria levels, modulation of cytokines and protected renal structures in the group of treated mice. An additional increase in the DNA methylation of mouse B lymphocytes was also observed. The beneficial effect of the diet is due to the methyl‐containing micronutrients with possible anti‐inflammatory and immunomodulating effects on cell proliferation and gene expression. Since these components are responsible for maintaining the physiological methylation level of DNA, the results point to the central role of methylation processes in environmentally triggered lupus. As nutrition represents one of the major epigenetic factors, these micronutrients may be considered novel agents with significant therapeutic outcomes.
Functional neutrophil disorders: Chronic granulomatous disease and beyond
Authors: Zerbe Christa S. , Holland Steven M. 
Published: March 2024

SummarySince their description by Metchnikoff in 1905, phagocytes have been increasingly recognized to be the entities that traffic to sites of infection and inflammation, engulf and kill infecting organisms, and clear out apoptotic debris all the while making antigens available and accessible to the lymphoid organs for future use. Therefore, phagocytes provide the gateway and the first check in host protection and immune response. Disorders in killing and chemotaxis lead not only to infection susceptibility, but also to autoimmunity. We aim to describe chronic granulomatous disease and the leukocyte adhesion deficiencies as well as myeloperoxidase deficiency and G6PD deficiency as paradigms of critical pathways.
Comparing urine point‐of‐care tests to screen preeclampsia: Congo‐red dot paper test versus dipstick urinalysis
Authors: Wang Liying , Gao Jinsong , Tang Pingping , Hu Huiying , Chen Xiaoxu , Chen Ziyi , Sun Yin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo compare the urine Congo‐red dot paper test (CRD) with dipstick urinalysis to screen preeclampsia (PE). A total of 409 paired spot urine samples were obtained prospectively from women with suspected pre‐eclampsia attending for routine hospital visits. Congo‐red dot paper test and dipstick urinalysis were examined and compared to screen pre‐eclampsia. The agreement between the two urinary test is modest (kappa coefficient = 0.28, 95% CI 0.14–0.42). The specificity of CRD was higher than urinalysis (97.4% vs. 90.4%, p < .001). Urinalysis performed better in sensitivity (77.3% vs. 40.9%, p = .04) and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) (0.84 [95% CI 0.74–0.94] vs. 0.69 [95% CI 0.55–0.83], p = .04) than CRD, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, AUC of the parallel test of them is 86.4% (64.0%–96.4%), 89.1% (85.5%–92.0%), and 0.88 (95% CI 0.79–0.96). And the serial test is 31.8% (14.7%–54.9%), 98.7% (96.8%–99.5%), 0.65 (95% CI 0.51–0.79), accordingly. The urinalysis is a better diagnosing test for preeclampsia. CRD could aid in the diagnosis of patients with preeclampsia. Combined the two tests in suspected patients may further improve the performance in the diagnosis of preeclampsia. Further study need to be made for its potential clinical practice.
Upregulation of POC1A in lung adenocarcinoma promotes tumour progression and predicts poor prognosis
Authors: Li Zi‐Hao , Li Jia‐Yi , Wu Zuo‐Tao , Zhu Yong‐Jie , Zhuo Ting , Nong Ju‐Sen , Qian Jing , Peng Hua‐Jian , Dai Lei , Wang Yong‐Yong , Chen Ming‐Wu , Zeng Xiao‐Chun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is characterized by a high incidence rate and mortality. Recently, POC1 centriolar protein A (POC1A) has emerged as a potential biomarker for various cancers, contributing to cancer onset and development. However, the association between POC1A and LUAD remains unexplored. We extracted The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets to analyse the differential expression of POC1A and its relationship with clinical stage. Additionally, we performed diagnostic receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival analysis to assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of POC1A in LUAD. Furthermore, we investigated the correlation between POC1A expression and immune infiltration, tumour mutation burden (TMB), immune checkpoint expression and drug sensitivity. Finally, we verified POC1A expression using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Cell experiments were conducted to validate the effect of POC1A expression on the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells. POC1A exhibited overexpression in most tumour tissues, and its overexpression in LUAD was significantly correlated with late‐stage presentation and poor prognosis. The high POC1A expression group showed lower levels of immune infiltration but higher levels of immune checkpoint expression and TMB. Moreover, the high POC1A expression group demonstrated sensitivity to multiple drugs. In vitro experiments confirmed that POC1A knockdown led to decreased proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells. Our findings suggest that POC1A may contribute to tumour development by modulating the cell cycle and immune cell infiltration. It also represents a potential therapeutic target and marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of LUAD.
Construction of endothelial cell signatures for predicting the diagnosis, prognosis and immunotherapy response of bladder cancer via machine learning
Authors: Fu Yang , Sun Shanshan , Shi Du , Bi Jianbin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe subtyped bladder cancer (BC) patients based on the expression patterns of endothelial cell (EC) ‐related genes and constructed a diagnostic signature and an endothelial cell prognostic index (ECPI), which are useful for diagnosing BC patients, predicting the prognosis of BC and evaluating drug sensitivity. Differentially expressed genes in ECs were obtained from the Tumour Immune Single‐Cell Hub database. Subsequently, a diagnostic signature, a tumour subtyping system and an ECPI were constructed using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus. Associations between the ECPI and the tumour microenvironment, drug sensitivity and biofunctions were assessed. The hub genes in the ECPI were identified as drug candidates by molecular docking. Subtype identification indicated that high EC levels were associated with a worse prognosis and immunosuppressive effect. The diagnostic signature and ECPI were used to effectively diagnose BC and accurately assess the prognosis of BC and drug sensitivity among patients. Three hub genes in the ECPI were extracted, and the three genes had the closest affinity for doxorubicin and curcumin. There was a close relationship between EC and BC. EC‐related genes can help clinicians diagnose BC, predict the prognosis of BC and select effective drugs.
Coexistence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, arginine vasopressin deficiency, and Marfan syndrome: A case report
Authors: Le Yunyi , Zhang Jingjing , Hong Tianpei , Yang Jin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) and arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP‐D) are characterized by polyuria. Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by pathogenetic variants in FBN1. Here, we report a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus, AVP‐D, and Marfan syndrome. Although the coexistence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and AVP‐D is rare, for those patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the existence of AVP‐D should be considered when polyuria is not in accordance with the blood glucose levels, especially for those with a low urine specific gravity. Specific symptoms or signs help to identify Marfan syndrome early, and genetic testing of the FBN1 pathogenetic variant helps to make a definitive diagnosis.
Application of various microscopy techniques to study early‐age and longer‐term behaviour of super sulphated cement microstructure
Authors: Chedrewih Migueli , Medala Marta , Schmid Christelle , Garcia Emmanuel , Damidot Denis , Thiéry Vincent 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSuper sulphated cement (SSC) is a very promising substitute for traditional construction materials (i.e. Portland cement), due to its enhanced durability and particularly low environmental impact. This paper explores the microstructure and certain properties of SSC, focusing on the particular complexities of its microstructure and the difficulties of microanalysis of its hydrates. To do so, SSC paste samples were first cast to identify hydration products using X‐ray diffraction, then observed at early age using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and at early and late age using scanning electron microscopy. In addition, concrete cores impregnated with fluorescein in order to highlight porosity, cracking and aggregates debonding were observed under UV light using optical microscopy (OM), showing a complete absence of cracking and aggregate debonding. Both microscopy techniques (CLSM and UV light OM) have been applied to this type of binder for the first time. The results show that SSC microstructure is characterised by a sophisticated intergrowth of various phases, including ettringite and amorphous calcium‐(alumina)‐silicate hydrate gels. Finally, Monte–Carlo simulation of electron‐matter has been provided for a better understanding of EDS analysis.
Investigating the impact of added Profhilo mesogel to subcision versus subcision monotherapy in treating acne scars; a single‐blinded, split‐face randomized trial
Authors: Dastgheib Mani , Heidari Sama , Azizipour Arghavan , Kavyani Mohammadreza , Lajevardi Vahide , Ehsani Amir Hooshang , Teimourpour Amir , Daneshpazhooh Maryam , Kashani Mansour Nassiri , Balighi Kamran 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAcne scar is an inflammatory condition, which commonly occurs in patients with acne vulgaris, especially in adults. Mesogels have been reported effective in improving atrophic acne scars.AimsWe investigated the efficacy of adding Profhilo (a hyaluronic acid‐based filler) to subcision as a new treatment method.MethodsTwelve patients aged 18–45 years with atrophic acne scars on both sides of the face participated in this single‐blinded, split‐face, randomized controlled trial. Each side of the face was randomly assigned to one of the treatment methods, including subcision alone and subcision + Profhilo. Patients in the Profhilo arm received mesogel (1 cc) in addition to the subcision procedure. Both methods were carried out two times at 1‐month intervals. Assessments were done based on the sonographic depth of scars, and two blinded observers examined photographs at baseline and 3 months after the final session and the results were reported based on an exclusively made formula as the total score. The Global Improvement Scale and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) (for patient satisfaction) were also used.ResultsThe VAS score of patient satisfaction was statistically significant in the Profhilo arm, with a mean improvement of 528.08 and 219.06 in the subcision arm (p = 0.02). No significant difference was seen in total acne scar reduction comparing the two methods (29.74 in the Profhilo arm and 22.27 in the subcision arm, p = 0.56). Sonographic depth reduction was also non‐significant, with a mean of 29.21 in the Profhilo arm and 28.53 in the subcision arm (p = 0.4). The mean global improvement was reported as four in both arms, and no statistical significance was observed (p = 0.89). The best response to treatment belonged to the rolling subtype in both methods (p = 0.029 for the Profhilo arm and p = 0.001 for the subcision arm).ConclusionDespite no significant difference between the methods, Profhilo is more effective due to a higher satisfaction rate and better physiologic effects.
Networking trait resilience: Unifying fragmented trait resilience systems from an ecological systems theory perspective
Authors: Maltby John 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study reconceptualized trait resilience, defining it as a network of systems; utilizing direct resilience assessments—engineering, ecological, adaptive capacity, social cohesion—and proxy resilience assessments—personality, cognitive, emotional, eudaimonia, and health.BackgroundThe background of the study addresses the fragmented conceptualization of trait resilience by proposing a unifying network model based on ecological systems theory, illustrating the dynamic interplay of resilience factors across varying levels of disturbance.MethodIn Study One, four USA or UK samples (total n = 2396) were used to depict the trait resilience network. Study Two (n = 1091) examined the relationship between the network and disturbance at two time‐points, using mental health levels as a disturbance metric.ResultsStudy One found that adaptive capacity, and sometimes positive emotional processes, were central variables to the network. Study Two found that in lower disturbance groups, adaptive capacity remained important, while in higher disturbance groups, a broader set of variables became central to the network.ConclusionsStudy One suggests a Broaden‐and‐Build approach, where adaptive capacity is a foundational resilience capability, reciprocally associated with positive emotional mechanisms. Study Two suggests a new “Dynamic Resilience Spectrum Theory,” proposing that increased disturbances necessitate the use of a more diverse set of resilience traits.
Control line failure in Angiostrongylus vasorum point‐of‐care serology test in dogs with angiostrongylosis due to suspected hook effect
Authors: Barker E. N. , Payne J. R. , Wilson H. 
Published: March 2024

ObjectivesAngiostrongylosis is a significant differential for a diverse range of clinical signs in dogs, many of whom present acutely and sometimes with fatal consequences. Point‐of‐care diagnostic assays include a commercially available Angiostrongylus vasorum qualitative direct lateral flow assay.Materials and MethodsCase records from one referral centre from dogs with an invalid A. vasorum lateral flow assay, comprising an absent control line alongside a visible test line, were reviewed. As control line failure was hypothesised to be due to antigen excess; where available the A. vasorum lateral flow assay was repeated using dilutions of the original serum.ResultsSix dogs had an invalid A. vasorum lateral flow assay result. Five dogs had presented with acute‐onset, severe clinical disease consistent with angiostrongylosis, and one dog was a clinically healthy in‐contact. Clinical suspicion of angiostrongylosis was confirmed using alternative diagnostic testing and/or response to treatment. Repetition of the A. vasorum lateral flow assay, in four cases, using diluted plasma (10% to 12.5% v/v) resulted in the appearance of a control line alongside the visible test line.Clinical SignificanceA heavy burden of A. vasorum infection resulting in angiostrongylosis should be suspected in dogs with compatible clinical signs and an invalid A. vasorum lateral flow assay result due to control failure alongside a visible test line. Repetition of the test with a diluted serum may be considered to account for the hook effect, also known as the postzone phenomenon, as a possible cause.
The impact of childhood adversity on female‐perpetrated intimate partner violence in young adulthood
Authors: McGrath Ailsa , Mackay Jenny , Baguley Thom 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeA common conception of intimate partner violence (IPV) is that women rarely use violence against romantic partners, and when they do, this is usually in self‐defence. However, evidence demonstrates that women perpetrate IPV at least as frequently as men, particularly in young adult populations. Despite this, there is still a significant lack of research focusing on women's IPV perpetration, particularly in determining risk markers. The unique relationship between adversity in childhood and IPV perpetration has been recognized in males and it is thought that this relationship may be even more marked in females. The present study aimed to investigate this relationship to see whether experiencing increasing numbers of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) would be associated with higher incidence of female‐perpetrated IPV.MethodsExposure to ACEs and frequency of IPV perpetration was measured through an online survey of young adult females from the general population.ResultsRegression analysis revealed that ACEs did significantly predict the frequency of IPV perpetrated by females. The results showed that the more adversity a female has experienced in childhood, the greater their risk of IPV perpetration in young adulthood.ConclusionsIt is suggested that this relationship potentially exists because adversity in childhood impacts the individual's attachments and processing of social environments, thus resulting in dysfunctional, violent responses to relationship dilemmas throughout life. These results stress the importance of tailoring treatment strategies for female perpetrators to address potential childhood adversity in which their violence may be rooted.
Gene co‐expression patterns in Atlantic salmon adipose tissue provide a molecular link among seasonal changes, energy balance and age at maturity
Authors: Ahi Ehsan Pashay , Verta Jukka‐Pekka , Kurko Johanna , Ruokolainen Annukka , Singh Pooja , Debes Paul Vincent , Erkinaro Jaakko , Primmer Craig R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSexual maturation in many fishes requires a major physiological change that involves a rapid transition between energy storage and usage. In Atlantic salmon, this transition for the initiation of maturation is tightly controlled by seasonality and requires a high‐energy status. Lipid metabolism is at the heart of this transition since lipids are the main energy storing molecules. The balance between lipogenesis (lipid accumulation) and lipolysis (lipid use) determines energy status transitions. A genomic region containing a transcription co‐factor of the Hippo pathway, vgll3, is the main determinant of maturation timing in Atlantic salmon. Interestingly, vgll3 acts as an inhibitor of adipogenesis in mice and its genotypes are potentially associated with seasonal heterochrony in lipid storage and usage in juvenile Atlantic salmon. Here, we explored changes in expression of more than 300 genes directly involved in the processes of adipogenesis, lipogenesis and lipolysis, as well as the Hippo pathway in the adipose tissue of immature and mature Atlantic salmon with distinct vgll3 genotypes. We found molecular evidence consistent with a scenario in which immature males with different vgll3 genotypes exhibit contrasting seasonal dynamics in their lipid profiles. We also identified components of the Hippo signalling pathway as potential major drivers of vgll3 genotype‐specific differences in adipose tissue gene expression. This study demonstrates the importance of adipose gene expression patterns for directly linking environmental changes with energy balance and age at maturity through genetic factors bridging lipid metabolism, seasonality and sexual maturation.
Iraq's Struggle to Contend With the Sino‐US Rivalry
Authors: Rasheed Amjed 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article analyzes Iraq's response to evolving US‐China relations, focusing on its foreign‐policy objectives of ending isolation, strengthening security, and fostering economic growth. Iraq seeks American support to attain these goals, aspiring to reintegrate into the international system and bolster its defense mechanisms. Simultaneously, Baghdad perceives China and its Belt and Road Initiative as instrumental to economic recovery. Despite these aspirations, Iraq encounters impediments that stem from its external environment and domestic politics. As a relatively feeble power, Iraq grapples with limited economic, political, and diplomatic influence, which constrains its ability to effectively respond to shifts in the Sino‐US rivalry. In addition, the country engages in incoherent foreign behavior due to consociationalism and the nonstate armed groups that operate outside of the state`s orbit. The analysis concludes that Iraq's responses to US‐China tensions are reactive, not proactive; circumstantial, not strategic. This article is part of a special issue on the responses of Gulf countries to rising Sino‐American competition, edited by Andrea Ghiselli, Anoushiravan Ehteshami, and Enrico Fardella.
Back to the future for drought tolerance
Authors: Guadarrama‐Escobar Luis M. , Hunt James , Gurung Allison , Zarco‐Tejada Pablo J. , Shabala Sergey , Camino Carlos , Hernandez Pilar , Pourkheirandish Mohammad 
Published: March 2024

SummaryGlobal agriculture faces increasing pressure to produce more food with fewer resources. Drought, exacerbated by climate change, is a major agricultural constraint costing the industry an estimated US$80 billion per year in lost production. Wild relatives of domesticated crops, including wheat (Triticum spp.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), are an underutilized source of drought tolerance genes. However, managing their undesirable characteristics, assessing drought responses, and selecting lines with heritable traits remains a significant challenge. Here, we propose a novel strategy of using multi‐trait selection criteria based on high‐throughput spectral images to facilitate the assessment and selection challenge. The importance of measuring plant capacity for sustained carbon fixation under drought stress is explored, and an image‐based transpiration efficiency (iTE) index obtained via a combination of hyperspectral and thermal imaging, is proposed. Incorporating iTE along with other drought‐related variables in selection criteria will allow the identification of accessions with diverse tolerance mechanisms. A comprehensive approach that merges high‐throughput phenotyping and de novo domestication is proposed for developing drought‐tolerant prebreeding material and providing breeders with access to gene pools containing unexplored drought tolerance mechanisms.