bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carcinoma of the larynx: Lymph node reaction patterns.
Authors: Gilmore Bennie B. , Repola David A. , Batsakis John G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn a double‐blind retrospective analysis, sections of lymph nodes removed at the time of laryngectomy and homolateral neck dissection were microscopically examined to assess the histopathological manifestations of an immune response. Contrary to an earlier study, no strong correlation appears to exist between the host response as manifested by the lymphnode morphology and survival or metastases. The question of preoperative irradiation altering the lymph node's ability to respond effectively is raised and puts in jeopardy such a morphological assessment in patients who have received preoperative radiotherapy.
Letterer‐siwe disease. Presentation as an otologic problem.
Authors: Karmody Collin S. , Moloy Peter J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractLetterer‐Siwe disease is one of the three clinical syndromes that are collectively known as histiocytosis X. This is the most aggressive form of histiocytosis and is frequently fatal. Recently, however, early treatment with chemotherapeutic agents and steroids has prolonged survival and has even resulted in remission of a number of cases. This paper draws attention to a persistent external otitis as an early symptom of Letterer‐Siwe disease and identifies, histologically, involvement of the external auditory canal.
A comparison of fenestration of the horizontal canal and stapedectomy in the opposite ear
Authors: Masciotra Nicholas J. , Caparosa Ralph J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe Lempert one stage horizontal semicircular canal fenestration was the surgical procedure of choice for otosclerosis from 1939 to 1954. Subsequently, mobilization and stapedectomy replaced fenestration.In the offices of Drs. Day, Jordan, and Caparosa, the horizontal semicircular canal fenestration was performed from 1940 to 1955; the mobilization, two years; and, thereafter, the stapedectomy. A significant number of patients have had fenestration on one side and stapedectomy on the opposite ear.Fifty patients seen consecutively were reviewed. Reliable office audiological testing has been available only in the more recent years; and, therefore, audiological statistical comparison has limited reliability. It is felt, however, that a review of these patients and the study of their surviving hearing results is a worthwhile inferential comparison.
Symposium: Cochlear implant, 1978—fact or supposition. Traumatic intracochlear electrode implantation
Authors: Schindler Robert A. , Bjorkroth Birgitta 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe success of intracochlear electrode implantation hinges on the ability of peripheral auditory neurons to survive long‐term interface with an electrode array and prolonged electrical stimulation. Histopathological studies have been conducted on a series of neomycin sulphate otointoxicated cats to assess the long‐term effects of electrode implantation on an impaired cochlea (analogous to potential human sensory deaf implant candidates).The results of these studies may be summarized as follows: 1. Long‐term electrode implantation can be achieved without significant loss of primary auditory neurons using an electrode array embedded in Silastic which is molded to conform to the basal scala tympani if surgical implantation has not disrupted the basilar membrane or osseous spiral lamina. 2. A fibrous tissue matrix forms around the Silastic, displacing perilymph and effectively sealing the electrode at the round window preventing perilymph fistula. 3. While osteoneogenesis will occur whenever the periosteum of the bony labyrinth is disrupted, the molded Silastic sheathing prevents electrode displacement by small areas of new bone formations. 4. Traumatic electrode insertion, with fracture of the osseous spiral lamina or rupture of the basilar membrane, produces severe loss of neural elements in the region of injury and extensive new bone formation preventing satisfactory electrical stimulation.The findings suggest that long‐term cochlear implantation is feasible in sensory deafened animals using Silastic sheathed electrode arrays which have been molded to conform to the basal scala tympani provided the integrity of the scala tympani, osseous spiral lamina and basilar membrane is maintained.
A method for refixation of the multifractured respiratory cranium
Authors: Wullstein Horst L. , Baumann Ralph R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSo‐called Tantalum‐Visors are used to refixate the multifractured facial skeleton, torn off the base of the skull by trauma, in a three dimensional way to avoid dishface and pseudotelorismus. These visors are kept in storage: a small model—glabella visor, and a large one—zygomatic visor. Of both types, a bigger one is for the head of a male, a smaller for a female and still smaller for youth, because it is impossible to make an individual mold immediately following an accident.
Optokinetic nystagmus: A comparative study of two stimulators
Authors: Nieberding Paul H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe neural mechanisms for optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) may be clinically relevant to the two methods used to detect these abnormalities. If one subscribes to the cortical (macular) theory, visual fixation is always involved and results by conventional drum rotation or by pursuit of a moving light source ought to be the same. Conversely, if OKN can be the result of peripheral vision and subcortical pathways, results with the drum (which does not require macular vision) and moving light (which does) ought to be different.Both the drum and moving light methods were compared on a sample of 514 patients.Both methods compared equally in eliciting abnormal responses in patients with an established diagnosis and in correlation with calibration, gaze, and false positive responses. The drum was superior in the remainder of comparisons.
Histamine, norepinephrine and serotonin content of nasal polyps
Authors: Bumsted Robert M. , El‐Ackad Tarek , Smith J. Montgomery , Brody Michael J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHistamine, norepinephrine and serotonin were assayed and localized by fluorescence histochemistry in normal mucosa and nasal polyps because of their possible role in the development of inflammation and edema. Histamine was present in greater concentration in nasal polyps than in normal mucosa. Norepinephrine was present primarily in the base of nasal polyps and in greater concentration than in normal mucosa. Patients with aspirin sensitivity and asthma had much lower histamine concentrations in their nasal polyps than all other patients with nasal polyps. A proposal for a possible mechanism of formation of nasal polyps based on vascular and inflammatory mechanisms and incorporative roles for histamine and norepinephrine is presented.
Vestibular and oculomotor disturbances in pathology of the fourth ventricle
Authors: Katsarkas Athanasios 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPositional nystagmus of the central type and gaze paretic (gaze evoked) nystagmus have been reported in pathology of the posterior fossa. It has also been reported that positional nystagmus of the central type is only infrequently accompanied by vertigo and nausea.In this paper five cases are discussed which showed positional nystagmus of the central type and/or gaze paretic nystagmus. All cases showed severe vertigo, nausea and vomiting in the provocative head position. In four out of five cases the pathology was found to be in the area of the IVth ventricle. On the basis of recent neurophysiologic data an attempt is made to explain the manifestations of this pathology. It is concluded that positional nystagmus of the central type is presumably due to pathology of the IVth ventricle area. Also, that this type of nystagmus may be accompanied by severe vertigo, nausea and vomiting.
Bilateral vocal cord paralysis following general anesthesia
Authors: Nuutinen Juhani , Kärjä Juhani 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA rare case of bilateral vocal cord paralysis after orotracheal intubation and inhalation anesthesia, in surgery not in relation to the neck, is presented. There was no obvious cause for the paralysis and possible etiological factors are discussed. Overextension of the neck during intubation is suspected of being the etiological agent causing stretching of both the vagus nerves. Normal laryngeal function returned after two months.
The differential diagnosis of the mass in the neck. A fresh look
Authors: Miller Daniel , Ervin Thomas , Weichselbaum Ralph , Fabian Richard L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA diagnosis of undifferentiated carcinoma by light microscopy in a neck node biopsy is insufficient to come to a conclusive answer as to the type of tumor with which one is dealing. The fact that undifferentiated carcinoma by light microscopy may very well be a histiocytic lymphoma with a different mode of treatment and an increasingly improved cure rate has changed the mode of evaluation in arriving at a diagnosis of the node in the neck with no visible primary in the upper aerodigestive tract.
Medial canthoplasty: Early and delayed repair
Authors: Duvall Arndt J. , Foster Craig A. , Lyons Dean P. , Letson Robert D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractNaso‐orbital trauma can cause medial orbital wall disruption and detachment of the medial canthal ligament. Damage to the nasolacrimal drainage apparatus, cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and frontal sinusitis can occur. Twelve cases of naso‐orbital trauma have been reviewed. There is a high incidence of associated injury to adjacent structures. Medial canthal ligament separation was missed acutely in a number of cases leading to the necessity of delayed repair. Important diagnostic and therapeutic points are stressed in the acute and delayed management, particularly medial canthal ligament separation. A wire to intranasal button technique for the delayed repair of traumatic telecanthus is presented.
Patterns of velopharyngeal valving in normal and cleft palate subjects: A multi‐view videofluoroscopic and nasendoscopic study
Authors: Croft Charles B. , Shprintzen Robert J. , Rakoff Saul J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe mechanism of velopharyngeal valving in normal subjects and patients with velo‐pharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) has been the subject of keen debate. The authors have studied 80 normal subjects and 500 patients at the Center for Craniofacial Disorders using direct nasopharyngoscopy and multi‐view videofluoroscopy to ascertain the patterns and mechanism of velopharyngeal valving. Multiple patterns of valving were found in both populations and were characterized as “coronal,” “sagittal,” “circular,” and “circular with Passavant's ridge.” The incidence of the differing patterns of closure were surprisingly similar in frequency in both normal and pathologic populations. The importance of these diagnostic methods is discussed in relation to treatment of patients with VPI, particularly in designing the type and level of pharyngoplasty.
Mentoplasty — A clinical analysis of alloplastic implants
Authors: Binder William J. , Kamer Frank M. , Parkes Morey L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractDifferent types of alloplastic implants are currently being utilized in performing mentoplasty. A review of the literature points out the number of prostheses that have been used. Each type of material has inherent physical properties which determine its characteristics for use as a chin implant. The type of implant and method selected in chin augmentation depends upon accurate preoperative evaluation and full understanding of the properties of alloplastic substances.Five hundred and thirty‐nine cases of chin augmentation utilizing different materials and methods were reviewed over a nine year period. The limitations of mentoplasty as well as the advantages, disadvantages, and in selected cases, the indications for the use of a particular implant are discussed.
Cholesterol granuloma presenting as an isolated middle ear tumor
Authors: Miglets Andrew W. , Booth Jack B. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPatients with cholesterol granuloma of the middle ear cleft will usually present with a secretory otitis media, and exhibit evidence of diffuse disease within the mastoid upon roentgenographic evaluation. The following patient with an isolated middle ear cholesterol granuloma presented with signs and symptoms more closely resembling a glomus tumor.
Radical irradiation for carcinoma of the pyriform sinus
Authors: Million Rodney R. , Cassisi Nicholas J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractRadiation therapy is sometimes prescribed as an alternative to partial or total laryngo‐pharyngectomy in the initial management of carcinoma of the pyriform sinus. Forty‐two patients were irradiated for cure and have a follow‐up period of 2‐14 years. Local control by irradiation alone was 11 of 14 for T1, 6 of 10 for T2, 3 of 6 for T3, and 1 of 7 T4. Three T2 failures were salvaged by laryngopharyngectomy for an ultimate control of 9 of 10 for T2.Management of the neck is critical since 79% of the patients presented with clinically positive necks, and many had substantial neck disease. Complete or partial neck dissection was added after irradiation on an individualized basis. In spite of the extensive degree of neck disease, only three patients died of uncontrolled neck disease with the primary controlled.The two‐year absolute survival for Stages I and II was 83%, Stage III 62% and Stage IV 52%. The five‐year absolute survival for Stages I and II was 66%, Stage III 38%, and Stage IV 10%.Complications of irradiation, neck dissection, and surgical salvage procedures are reviewed.
The use of radioisotope scans in the preoperative evaluation of epidermoid carcinoma of the head and neck.
Authors: King Austin I. , Johnson Paul E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBecause of the growing awareness of metastatic disease in head and neck patients, a protocol including radioisotope scans was begun through the Baylor Department of Otolaryngology at the Houston V.A. Hospital in an attempt to identify these patients preoperatively. Out of 198 death charts reviewed, only 3 had positive preoperative scans and only one of these was clinically significant. Chest X‐rays identified more preoperative metastatic disease than the radioisotope scans. Twenty percent of patients had second primaries, which was more than the number of patients dying with distant metastatic disease. Only 5% of these patients died of metastatic disease with local control. Local control with follow‐up for second primaries should be the primary objective of the surgeon. Radioisotope scans were of no significant value in evaluating preoperative metastatic disease.
Long‐term middle ear ventilation.
Authors: Per‐Lee John H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis is a 16 year experience report on the author's wide flange ventilation tube, used for permanent or severe chronic Eustachian tube dysfunction. Two hundred and twenty‐eight implants in 198 ears of 126 patients were adequately followed. A small series of 13 Paparella implants is included.Patient age ranges from 6 months to 72 years. Tube longevity up to elective removal averaged 51.2 months (longest — 159 months). Average longevity for tubes removed for uncontrolled complications was 34.6 months (longest — 162 months). Comparable figures for the Paparella tube are 15 and 31 months.There were 249 complications in 228 Per‐Lee tube implants and 12 in 9 Paparella tube implants; 69.6% of Per‐Lee tubes and 100% of Paparella tubes were associated with complication. Per‐Lee tube complications occurred from 1 to 162 months after implantation. The most common was infection (68.6% of all complications). The others included bleeding (10.9%), peritubal drum atrophy (11.7%), extrusion (4.8%), tissue growth into the tube (0.8%), tube migration into the middle ear (1.2%), squamous epithelial invasion (1.2%), and obstruction for other causes (0.8%); 75 infections and 8 bleeding episodes required tube removal. The drum did not heal in 14 and 2 cases respectively. Peritubal drum atrophy, an important complication, occurred 29 times and led to 14 unhealed perforations; 12 tubes (5%) extruded leaving 4 drums unhealed. Squamous epithelium invaded the middle ear three times; in one instance it was due to the tube. A total of 49 permanent perforations (24.8% of 198 ears) occurred including those remaining after elective tube removal. This compares with a 2% or less incidence with a grommet and other standard tubes. Since long‐term ventilation is sought, this outcome is less serious than one suspects. Follow‐up hearing data was available for 7 unhealed and 32 healed drums. For unhealed drums (mostly anterior perforations) the average SRT was 7.1 db. The average SRT for healed drums was 11 1b. Other approaches to long‐term ventilation are discussed, specifically Wright's Eustachian tube prosthesis and laser myringotomy. Both approaches seem unreliable. If permanent ventilation is desired, a permanent perforation resulting from a long‐term ventilation tube would seem to be an acceptable result.
Complications of space infections of the head and neck.
Authors: Wills Paul I. , Vernon Rowland P. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractLife threatening infections of odontogenic or upper airway origin may extend to potential spaces formed by fascial planes of the lower head and upper cervical area. The incidence of these “space infections” has been greatly reduced by modern antibiotic therapy. However, serious morbidity and even fatalities continue to occur.Two cases of deep neck infection, (one of odontogenic and one tonsillar in origin) with subsequent mediastinitis, empyema, pericarditis and ultimate survival are reported. One case of deep neck infection, (of odontogenic etiology) and suppurative thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein with ultimate fatal outcome is also reviewed.Review of the literature reveals only one previous case report of a survivor of an odontogenic deep neck infection complicated by mediastinitis, empyema and pericarditis. The anatomy, etiology and treatment of complications of these “space infections” of the head and neck are briefly reviewed.
Middle ear ventilation with the castelli membrane tube.
Authors: Plotkin Roger P. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis report evaluates the use of the Castelli type membrane tympanostomy tube in combination with adenoidectomy or adenotonsillectomy. One hundred and sixty two ears were studied.Children with mucoid or seromucoid fluid only were included. The ears were unprotected during swimming, bathing, etc. The average length of intubation was 7 months; 7 1/2% developed middle ear problems with the tubes in place and 7% developed external ear problems. All of these complications were treated without residua.
Management of the ear canal seborrhea with cerumen
Authors: Storrs Lloyd A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFor the past 20 years, the author has been treating recurrent chronic seborrheic dermatitis with a suspension of human cerumen in glycerine. The cerumen is obtained from healthy children and young adults in which there is an over‐production which requires removal. If the cerumen contains debris it is not used. The collected cerumen is suspended in 50% glycerine and left for several weeks to sterilize. It is then strained through a fine filter having been heated so that its is workable. The material is dispensed to the patient in a small dropper bottle and the patient is instructed to place two drops in the external ear canal once a week.The chronicity of seborrheic dermatitis must be explained carefully to the patient and the necessity for avoiding water, cosmetics and other materials must be stressed. The patient must be made aware that the cause of the condition is unknown and that periodic inspection of the ear canal is necessary in addition to the topical application of the cerumen suspension.
Mycobacterial cervical lymphadenopathy: 1981 update
Authors: Appling Douglas , Miller Robert H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractScrofula or tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy is a well known disease dating back thousands of years. In spite of antituberculous chemotherapy and public health measures, scrofula persists and is seen not infrequently among the recent immigrants to the United States from Southeast Asia and Mexico. Cervical lymphadenopathy may arise from infections with mycobacteria other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These infections may resemble one another, but it is important to make a distinction between them, for their clinical courses and treatments are different. A tuberculous infection usually responds very well to antituberculous chemotherapy, but a nontuberculous mycobacterial one may require surgical intervention for resolution of the problem. We would like to reawaken an awareness of this distinction and hope this paper will aid the reader in understanding the diagnosis and treatment of scrofula and nontuberculous mycobacterial cervical lymphadenopathy. The subject is reviewed, and illustrative cases are presented.
Nasopharyngeal hemangioma causing airway obstruction in infancy
Authors: Strauss Melvin , Widome Mark D. , Roland Peter S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment of a 3‐month‐old infant with symptomatic airway obstruction caused by a nasopharyngeal hemangioma is discussed. The pathophysiology of nasopharyngeal airway obstruction in the infant and the clinical management of hemangiomas of the head and neck are reviewed.
Liposarcoma of the neck. Report of a case
Authors: Kaplan Robert , Bratcher Glenn O. , Freeman Douglas , Seid Allan B. , Cotton Robin 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA case of lipoblastic liposarcoma of the neck is presented. The case is that of a 5‐year‐old female who underwent a modified neck dissection with a good result. A review of the literature reveals that this is an extremely rare tumor of the neck. It is usually found in the lower extremities, predominantly in adult males. Surgery is the treatment of choice.Lipoblastic liposarcoma is an extremely rare tumor when it occurs in the pediatric neck. Hudson and Saunders in their studies have shown that only 3 patients with this tumor have been reported since 1944. When a 5‐year‐old female presented with this primary neck mass, questions of diagnosis and treatment were raised. The following case report and discussion will demonstrate the diagnostic methods as well as the course of therapy followed in this type of lesion.
Abnormal insulin levels and vertigo
Authors: Proctor Conrad A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFifty patients with unexplained vertigo (36) or lightheadedness (14) are evaluated, all of whom had abnormal ENGs and normal audiograms. Five hour insulin glucose tolerance tests were performed on all patients, with insulin levels being obtained fasting and at one‐half, one, two, and three hours.The results of this investigation were remarkable. Borderline or abnormal insulin levels were discovered in 82% of patients; 90% were found to have either an abnormal glucose tolerance test or at least borderline insulin levels.The response to treatment in these dizzy patients was also startling, with appropriate low carbohydrate diets improving the patients' symptoms in 90% of cases.It is, therefore, apparent that the earliest identification of carbohydrate imbalance with an insulin glucose tolerance test is extremely important in the work‐up of the dizzy patients.
Test battery assessment of auditory perceptual dysfunction in children
Authors: Musiek Frank E. , Geurkink Nathan A. , Kietel Stephanie A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSeven central auditory tests were administered to 22 children, 8 to 10 years of age, considered as having auditory processing deficits. Analysis of the results indicated some tests to be significantly more sensitive than others in detecting auditory processing problems. Findings also demonstrated the advantages of a test battery over a single test and the value of employing central auditory tests for the detection of auditory processing difficulties in children. In addition, considerations for proper test battery construction are discussed in light of the results from this study.