bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial management measures benefit the critically endangered flapper skate, Dipturus intermedius
Authors: Régnier Thomas , Dodd Jane , Benjamins Steven , Gibb Fiona M. , Wright Peter J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

While elasmobranchs are often a designated feature in Marine Protected Areas, there are few studies that have evaluated the effectiveness of spatial fishery restrictions on their recovery.
Here we examine the effectiveness of fishery restrictions on the critically endangered flapper skate, Dipturus intermedius, based on changes in their abundance, demography and survival rate.
Trends in local abundance at two sites within the Loch Sunart to the Sound of Jura Marine Protected Area (LStSJ MPA), were contrasted with that in surrounding waters off the west of Scotland where fishing remains unrestricted. Survival rate was estimated using a multi‐state model of capture mark recapture data, and spill‐over from the LStSJ MPA was considered from tag‐recapture rates between the two LStSJ MPA study areas and a further site south of the LStSJ MPA.
In contrast to the wider trend across adjacent waters, skate abundance increased, especially for young juveniles, following the introduction of fishing restrictions in the LStSJ MPA. This increase could be explained by a reduction in juvenile and adult mortality as population growth rates following fishing restrictions were markedly higher than estimated in a pre‐restriction study of one site.
Limited exchange of skate between the two study areas within the LStSJ MPA and a southern site beyond the LStSJ MPA indicated a low rate of spill‐over.
This study demonstrates that spatial fishery restrictions have the potential to benefit populations of elasmobranchs which have a high site‐fidelity, but their wider conservation benefit may be partly confounded by a high level of residency.
The latent structure of the Delis–Kaplan system for autism
Authors: MacDonald Reilly , Baker‐Ericzén Mary , Roesch Scott , Yeh May , Dickson Kelsey S. , Smith Jasmine 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA core feature of autism is deficits in executive functioning (EF), including difficulty with planning, cognitive flexibility, and working memory. Despite a growing need for evidence‐based assessments of EF for autism populations, statistical models of many commonly used measures of EF, including the Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System (D‐KEFS), have not been investigated for a sample of autistic participants. The purpose of this study was to address a gap in the literature regarding the latent structure of the D‐KEFS in a sample of autistic individuals. The D‐KEFS is one of the most widely used clinical assessments of executive function, but its factor structure has not been examined in a sample of autistic participants. Reliability analyses were performed for sample subgroups based on participants' clinical and demographic characteristics, including IQ, autism severity, age, and race/ethnicity. Verbal Fluency (VF) was found to consistently decrease or not affect the overall reliability score. Additionally, one‐ and two‐factor structure models were tested for the D‐KEFS with a sample of autistic participants. The one‐factor model was not found to be a good fit for the data. However, the two‐factor model, with Cognitive Flexibility and Abstraction latent factors, was found to fit the data relatively well. This two‐factor model was reexamined excluding the VF observed variable, resulting in a better overall model fit. Communication deficits are a common feature of autism, which explains why the VF task, that requires participants to produce novel words, may not be an adequate measure of executive function for autism populations.
Matricellular proteins: Potential biomarkers in head and neck cancer
Authors: Wang Yunsheng , Liu Xudong , Wang Xingyue , Lu Jiyong , Tian Youxin , Liu Qinjiang , Xue Jincai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network of diverse multidomain macromolecules, including collagen, proteoglycans, and fibronectin, that significantly contribute to the mechanical properties of tissues. Matricellular proteins (MCPs), as a family of non‐structural proteins, play a crucial role in regulating various ECM functions. They exert their biological effects by interacting with matrix proteins, cell surface receptors, cytokines, and proteases. These interactions govern essential cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, adhesion, migration as well as multiple signal transduction pathways. Consequently, MCPs are pivotal in maintaining tissue homeostasis while orchestrating intricate molecular mechanisms within the ECM framework. The expression level of MCPs in adult steady‐state tissues is significantly low; however, under pathological conditions such as inflammation and cancer, there is a substantial increase in their expression. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have focused on elucidating the role and significance of MCPs in the development and progression of head and neck cancer (HNC). During HNC progression, there is a remarkable upregulation in MCP expression. Through their distinctive structure and function, they actively promote tumor growth, invasion, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, and lymphatic metastasis of HNC cells. Moreover, by binding to integrins and modulating various signaling pathways, they effectively execute their biological functions. Furthermore, MCPs also hold potential as prognostic indicators. Although the star proteins of various MCPs have been extensively investigated, there remains a plethora of MCP family members that necessitate further scrutiny. This article comprehensively examines the functionalities of each MCP and highlights the research advancements in the context of HNC, with an aim to identify novel biomarkers for HNC and propose promising avenues for future investigations.
Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy in a patient with a brain‐responsive neurostimulation device
Authors: Wang Richard , McGoldrick Patricia E. , Subah Galadu , Muh Carrie R. , Wolf Steven M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundSudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is the most common cause of epilepsy‐related mortality. Although most witnessed SUDEPs follow seizures, mechanisms are uncertain. Investigations into the pathophysiology of SUDEP have relied on models and rare recordings of brain function at the time of the event. The brain‐responsive neurostimulation (RNS) device from Neuropace offers a therapeutic option for drug‐refractory epilepsy (DRE), enabling the recording of brain activity and the preemptive termination of seizures. Therefore, patients who experience SUDEP while being treated with an RNS device can provide insights into neural activity at the moment of this event.ObjectiveWe report the history and electrocorticographic (ECoG) recordings of a patient with DRE who experienced SUDEP years after RNS placement.Patient HistoryA girl with Phelan–McDermid syndrome and Lennox–Gastaut syndrome had an RNS device implanted at the age of 14 to treat DRE. Initially, electrodes were positioned in the right orbitofrontal (OF) and right premotor frontal regions, with the OF lead later changed to the centromedian thalamic nucleus. At age 19, the patient was found unconscious and in cardiac arrest by her parents. Although spontaneous circulation returned en route to the hospital, the patient did not regain consciousness and died. Subsequent analysis of ECoGs from RNS recordings at the time of death indicated seizure onset in the right premotor frontal cortex, which persisted despite seizure termination attempts by the RNS.ConclusionsWe present a patient with SUDEP associated with the onset of RNS‐refractory seizures. The significance of this report is highlighted by the rarity of literature on neuronal function at the time of SUDEP. Moreover, it underscores the potential for devices capable of monitoring ECoG activity to shed light on the mechanisms underlying SUDEP and to inform interventions.
Influence of hot‐smoking on the stability of fresh and frozen–thawed deep‐skinned Atlantic mackerel fillets during cold storage
Authors: Fernandes Carina Mascarenhas , Sveinsdóttir Hildur Inga , Tómasson Tumi , Arason Sigurjón , Gudjónsdóttir María 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAtlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) caught during the summer months in Icelandic waters after intensive feeding is rich in lipids and, thus, sensitive to lipid degradation. Recent studies have led to improved cooling and handling on board, ensuring high‐quality raw material. However, studies on the development of high‐quality products for human consumption are lacking. The study aimed to investigate the effects of hot‐smoking on the physicochemical, microbial, and sensory quality of deep‐skinned Atlantic mackerel fillets during chilled storage (1 ± 0.6°C). In addition, the quality of smoked mackerel from frozen–thawed fillets (9 months at −25 ± 1.8°C) was compared to that of fresh‐smoked fillets to evaluate the possibility of the industry being able to provide smoked fillets throughout the year, despite the short fishing season. Brining and hot‐smoking reduced total viable counts and inactivated Listeria monocytogenes. Hot‐smoking positively affected the sensory attributes of the fillets and sensory quality was largely maintained for at least 21 days of chilled storage. Although slightly lower sensory and texture scores were obtained for frozen–thawed smoked fillets, they remained within acceptable limits throughout the period of cold storage. The shelf‐life of smoked Atlantic mackerel deep‐skinned fillets stored at 1°C is, therefore, assessed to be at least 21 days. Well‐fed Atlantic mackerel is suitable for developing high‐quality and stable smoked fillet products from both fresh and frozen–thawed raw materials.
Specialization of amygdala subregions in emotion processing
Authors: Labuschagne Izelle , Dominguez Juan F. , Grace Sally , Mizzi Simone , Henry Julie D. , Peters Craig , Rabinak Christine A. , Sinclair Erin , Lorenzetti Valentina , Terrett Gill , Rendell Peter G. , Pedersen Mangor , Hocking Darren R. , Heinrichs Markus 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe amygdala is important for human fear processing. However, recent research has failed to reveal specificity, with evidence that the amygdala also responds to other emotions. A more nuanced understanding of the amygdala's role in emotion processing, particularly relating to fear, is needed given the importance of effective emotional functioning for everyday function and mental health. We studied 86 healthy participants (44 females), aged 18–49 (mean 26.12 ± 6.6) years, who underwent multiband functional magnetic resonance imaging. We specifically examined the reactivity of four amygdala subregions (using regions of interest analysis) and related brain connectivity networks (using generalized psycho‐physiological interaction) to fear, angry, and happy facial stimuli using an emotional face‐matching task. All amygdala subregions responded to all stimuli (p‐FDR < .05), with this reactivity strongly driven by the superficial and centromedial amygdala (p‐FDR < .001). Yet amygdala subregions selectively showed strong functional connectivity with other occipitotemporal and inferior frontal brain regions with particular sensitivity to fear recognition and strongly driven by the basolateral amygdala (p‐FDR < .05). These findings suggest that amygdala specialization to fear may not be reflected in its local activity but in its connectivity with other brain regions within a specific face‐processing network.
Whole brain pattern of iron accumulation in REM sleep behavior disorder
Authors: Varga Zsoka , Keller Jiri , Robinson Simon Daniel , Serranova Tereza , Nepozitek Jiri , Zogala David , Trnka Jiri , Ruzicka Evzen , Sonka Karel , Dusek Petr 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIsolated REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is an early stage of synucleinopathy with most patients progressing to Parkinson's disease (PD) or related conditions. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) in PD has identified pathological iron accumulation in the substantia nigra (SN) and variably also in basal ganglia and cortex. Analyzing whole‐brain QSM across iRBD, PD, and healthy controls (HC) may help to ascertain the extent of neurodegeneration in prodromal synucleinopathy. 70 de novo PD patients, 70 iRBD patients, and 60 HCs underwent 3 T MRI. T1 and susceptibility‐weighted images were acquired and processed to space standardized QSM. Voxel‐based analyses of grey matter magnetic susceptibility differences comparing all groups were performed on the whole brain and upper brainstem levels with the statistical threshold set at family‐wise error‐corrected p‐values <.05. Whole‐brain analysis showed increased susceptibility in the bilateral fronto‐parietal cortex of iRBD patients compared to both PD and HC. This was not associated with cortical thinning according to the cortical thickness analysis. Compared to iRBD, PD patients had increased susceptibility in the left amygdala and hippocampal region. Upper brainstem analysis revealed increased susceptibility within the bilateral SN for both PD and iRBD compared to HC; changes were located predominantly in nigrosome 1 in the former and nigrosome 2 in the latter group. In the iRBD group, abnormal dopamine transporter SPECT was associated with increased susceptibility in nigrosome 1. iRBD patients display greater fronto‐parietal cortex involvement than incidental early‐stage PD cohort indicating more widespread subclinical neuropathology. Dopaminergic degeneration in the substantia nigra is paralleled by susceptibility increase, mainly in nigrosome 1.
Novel monoclonal antibodies: A really specific therapy for light chain amyloidosis
Authors: Del Giudice Maria Livia , Galimberti Sara , Buda Gabriele 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLight chain amyloidosis is a rare disease caused by clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow generating an excessive amount of immunoglobulin light chains. These chains misfold and produce insoluble fibrils that deposit in various organs, including the heart, kidneys, liver, nervous system, and digestive tract. Life expectancy and symptoms during the course of the disease vary depending on which and how many organs are affected. Targeted plasma cell therapy has significantly advanced the clinical management of amyloidosis, with ongoing progress. However, current clinical studies are investigating innovative targets, drug combinations and treatment strategies to improve therapeutic outcomes by minimizing adverse effects and refining patient prognosis in these challenging hematological conditions. In this paper, we review the state of the art regarding the use of anti‐amyloid antibodies, as a revolutionary and innovative approach in the current scenario of amyloid treatment.
Durable response to nivolumab rechallenge in a patient with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Fujiwara Motohiro , Shimada Wataru , Yokoyama Minato , Koyanagi Anri , Shintaku Hiroshi , Fukuda Shohei , Waseda Yuma , Tanaka Hajime , Yoshida Soichiro , Fujii Yasuhisa 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionWhile immune checkpoint inhibitors represent the mainstream treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma, a standardized approach following immune checkpoint inhibitors remains unclear. We report a case of metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab rechallenge.Case presentationA 60‐year‐old male with metastatic melanoma was referred to the urology division due to right renal cancer. He was undergoing nivolumab treatment for metastatic melanoma. Radical nephrectomy revealed clear cell renal cell carcinoma, pT3a. Two months post‐surgery, multiple metastases were identified. Despite subsequent administration of interferon‐α, axitinib, and temsirolimus, the metastases progressed. Consequently, nivolumab rechallenge and palliative radiotherapy were initiated, resulting in a durable response for 20 months. However, disease progression occurred, and he died of cancer 4 years after nephrectomy.ConclusionThis is the first report of nivolumab rechallenge in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Although the utility remains unclear, this case suggests that some patients may benefit from nivolumab rechallenge.
The impact of cohort relationships on BIPOC genetic counseling students: Results from a longitudinal qualitative study
Authors: Carmichael Nikkola , Zayhowski Kimberly , Diaz Joselyn Saenz 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe transition to graduate school is marked by stress, with academic demands and interpersonal interactions being primary concerns for genetic counseling students. For Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) graduate students, additional stressors caused by the “minority tax” and microaggressions impact their sense of belonging and inclusion. This prospective longitudinal study employed a constructivist grounded theory approach to investigate the experiences of first‐year BIPOC genetic counseling students as they transitioned into the first year of their graduate training. We conducted semi‐structured interviews with 26 first‐year genetic counseling students at three key time points during their first year and analyzed them using reflexive thematic analysis. Here, we report themes related to stressors when transitioning into the genetic counseling training environment, the role of relationships as a source of support in navigating these challenges, and the impact of cohort dynamics on the training experience. Stressors included managing academic rigor and time demands, navigating microaggressions, reactions to discussions about diversity, equity, inclusion, and justice (DEIJ), and managing mental health. Peer relationships emerge as pivotal source of support, but challenging dynamics within the cohort negatively impacted participants, highlighting the importance of fostering an inclusive training environment. Since programs have less control over the composition of each cohort with the advent of the Match system in 2018, we recommend the use of community‐building and debriefing activities to strengthen healthy relationships and address problematic dynamics. We recommend that training programs be proactive in creating mentoring relationships between faculty and students rather than waiting until students ask for help. Ultimately, we advocate for a holistic approach to genetic counseling training that maintains academic rigor but also prioritizes the creation of supportive, inclusive, and culturally sensitive learning environments for all students.
Registration of ‘FL16045‐25’: An early‐maturing, high‐yielding, disease‐resistant soft red facultative wheat cultivar for the southern United States
Authors: Babar Md Ali , Khan Naeem , Blount Ann , Barnett Ronald D. , Harrison Stephen A. , DeWitt Noah , Johnson Jerry , Mergoum Mohamed , Boyles Rick , Murphy Paul , Mason Esten , Shakiba Ehsan , Ibrahim Amir M. H. , Sutton Russell , Brown‐Guedira Gina , Marshall David , Cowger Christina , Baik Byung‐Kee , Santantonio Nicholas , Cambron Sue , Jin Yue , Mailhot Daniel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract‘FL16045‐25’ (Reg. no. CV‐1207, PI 704484), a soft red, facultative doubled‐haploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar, was developed and tested as FL16045DH‐25 by the University of Florida and released in October 2022. FL16045‐25 was derived from the cross MD07W478‐14‐5/GA06112‐13EE16. It is well adapted from Texas to Virginia and provides producers with an early‐season, facultative (Vrn‐A1_short), medium‐height, awned, semi‐dwarf (Rht2) cultivar that has high yield potential, good straw strength, good grain volume weight, and good end‐use quality. It expresses moderate‐to‐high levels of resistance to most diseases prevalent in the southern United States. Molecular marker analysis confirms the presence of Sbm1, Yr17/Lr37/Sr38, Lr18, Sr36/Pm6, Pm54, and Pm1a‐linked disease‐resistant genes. The yield average of FL16045‐25 from 41 environments during 2020–2022 ranged from 4211 to 5782 kg ha−1, which is competitive with check cultivars that are widely used in the southern part of the United States. The grain volume weight of FL16045‐25 ranged from 749 to 785 kg m−3 (32 environments), which was higher than most of the checks. FL16045‐25 has soft grain texture with softness equivalence varying from 51.3% to 59.3% and sodium carbonate solvent retention capacity (SRC) ranging from 66.8% to 68.5%. Flour yields on a Quadrumat Senior milling system varied from 68.7% to 69.5%. Flour protein content varied from 8.9% to 9.1%. Cookie spread diameter varied from 19.4 to 19.5 cm. The presence of TaSus2‐2B, Sucrose Synthase2 gene on 2B or 2G:2B, was confirmed by marker analysis.
Recycling of urban glass waste in ceramic floor tiles toward sustainability
Authors: Hamid Eman Mohamed Abdel , Maher Ramez Rafik , Ahmed Ahmed Sherif , Yousif Yousif Mohamed , Fatah Mohamed Samir Abdel , Wahab Abdel Wahab Mohamed Abdel , Ali Shady Sami 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAround 21.7 million tons of urban solid waste are produced in North Africa and the Middle East. The amount of glass waste produced is 0.87 million tons. The amount of urban glass waste (UGW) produced in Egypt was 2280.8 tons per day. This paper aims to study the effect of partial replacement of UGW in the production of ceramic floor tiles to save the production cost and raw materials. The characteristics of the basic raw mixture of floor tiles and UGW were studied. The waste was collected, crushed and ground to be blended with the basic mixture in different percentages that ranged from 0 to 35%. The specimens were molded under uniaxial pressure followed by drying and firing at temperatures ranging from 1050 to 1120 °C. The characteristics of the fired specimens have been determined and compared with the International Standard Limits. The results showed that specimens containing waste ranging from 25% to 35%, fired at 1100 °C with a soaking time of 15 min have a modulus of rupture of 18.9 to 19.7 MPa, breaking strength of 600 to 613N and water absorption of 9.78% to 8.2% respectively that fulfilled the lowest requirements for the ISO 13006 for dry pressed tiles Group BIIb.
A new notion of subharmonicity on locally smoothing spaces, and a conjecture by Braverman, Milatovic, Shubin
Authors: Güneysu Batu , Pigola Stefano , Stollmann Peter , Veronelli Giona 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGiven a strongly local Dirichlet space and $$\lambda \geqslant 0$$

λ
⩾
0

, we introduce a new notion of $$\lambda $$
λ
-subharmonicity for $$L^1_\textrm{loc}$$

L
loc
1

-functions, which we call local$$\lambda $$
λ
-shift defectivity, and which turns out to be equivalent to distributional $$\lambda $$
λ
-subharmonicity in the Riemannian case. We study the regularity of these functions on a new class of strongly local Dirichlet, so called locally smoothing spaces, which includes Riemannian manifolds (without any curvature assumptions), finite dimensional RCD spaces, Carnot groups, and Sierpinski gaskets. As a byproduct of this regularity theory, we obtain in this general framework a proof of a conjecture by Braverman, Milatovic, Shubin on the positivity of distributional $$L^q$$

L
q

-solutions of $$\Delta f\leqslant f$$

Δ
f
⩽
f

for complete Riemannian manifolds.