bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An efficient CMOS on‐chip ladder reflector antenna for inter‐chip communications
Authors: Jiang Bo‐Tao , Mao Jun‐Fa 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis article presented a new ladder reflector antenna on chip (AOC) which consisted of an active dipole and reflector array. The ladder structure was very easy to fabricate with the standard CMOS process. A ladder reflector antenna operating at the 24 GHz ISM band was designed with a standard 0.18 μm six metal layers CMOS process. The whole antenna had a dimension of 0.025 mm × 2.84 mm. The measurement results showed that the ladder reflector antenna got a return loss of −7.25 dB and a gain of 6.25 dBds at 24 GHz, as well as a −5 dB impedance bandwidth of 16.2–30 GHz. The measured S12 indirectly proved the simulated radiation patterns. The data taken from the experiment indicated that the ladder reflector increased the antenna gain and effectively enhanced the energy radiating to the outside of the chip. It's very useful for the wireless interconnect for inter‐chip communications. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 59–63, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24000
Very‐small‐size printed loop antenna for GSM/DCS/PCS/UMTS operation in the mobile phone
Authors: Chi Yun‐Wen , Wong Kin‐Lu 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA very‐small‐size printed loop antenna for mobile phone application is proposed. The antenna has a loop strip of length 62 mm only, which is folded into an L‐shape and occupies a small area of 96.5 mm2 on the top no‐ground portion of the system circuit board of the mobile phone. By incorporating a simple matching circuit formed by a chip capacitor and a chip inductor, both in series, the loop antenna can generate three resonant modes (0.25‐, 0.5‐, and 1.0‐wavelength modes) at about 925, 1800, and 2200 MHz. The 0.25‐wavelength mode forms the antenna's lower band covering GSM operation, whereas the 0.5‐ and 1.0‐wavelength modes form the antenna's upper band covering DCS/PCS/UMTS operation. Quad‐band operation is hence obtained for the printed loop antenna, although it has a very small size. Details of the proposed antenna are presented. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 184–192, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24008
Dissociation between cutaneous silent period and laser evoked potentials in assessing neuropathic pain
Authors: Truini A. , Galeotti F. , Biasiotta A. , Gabriele M. , Inghilleri M. , Petrucci M. T. , Cruccu G. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractIn this study we investigate whether the cutaneous silent period (CSP)—an inhibitory response evoked in hand muscles by painful digital nerve stimulation—is useful for assessing nociceptive pathway function in patients with neuropathic pain. In 40 patients with peripheral neuropathy (21 without and 19 with neuropathic pain) we recorded the CSP in the abductor digiti minimi after fifth digit stimulation and also recorded laser evoked potentials (LEPs) after stimulation applied to the ulnar territory of the hand. Although the LEP amplitude was significantly lower in patients with pain than in those without (P < 0.005), the CSP duration did not differ between groups (P > 0.50). Pain intensity correlated significantly with LEP amplitudes (P < 0.005) but not with CSP duration (P > 0.5). Our findings indicate that the CSP is not useful for assessing nociceptive pathway function in patients with neuropathic pain. Muscle Nerve, 2008
Does sensory bladder function during cystometry differ from that in daily life? A study in incontinent women
Authors: Naoemova Irina , Van Meel Tom , De Wachter Stefan , Wyndaele Jean‐Jacques 
Published: November 2008

AbstractAimsDaily life bladder sensation can be evaluated by sensation related bladder diary (SR‐BD). Sensation can also be studied during cystometric bladder filling (CBF). We compared results of both methods in incontinent women.MethodsA total of 185 women with stress, urgency or mixed incontinence filled out a 3‐day SR‐BD grading bladder sensation and measuring voided volume at each micturition. During CBF reported filling sensations were noted. Sensory data from both tests were compared.ResultsThe cystometric bladder volumes were significantly larger than SR‐BD voided bladder volumes for corresponding bladder sensations and this in all groups. ConclusionsDuring conventional cystometry the patients with different types of incontinence experience the degrees of desire to void at larger volumes than in daily life. Sensation related symptoms will thus be more accurately studied with the SR‐BD than with cystometry. Neurourol. Urodynam. 28:309–312, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reduced N‐acetylaspartate is consistent with axonal dysfunction in cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Nitkunan Arani , Charlton Rebecca A. , Barrick Thomas R. , McIntyre Dominick J. O. , Howe Franklyn A. , Markus Hugh S. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBackground:Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is an important cause of cognitive impairment, but the pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. We used 1H MRS to investigate brain metabolic differences between patients with SVD and controls and correlated this with cognition.Methods:35 patients with SVD (lacunar stroke and radiological evidence of confluent leukoaraiosis) and 35 controls underwent multi‐voxel spectroscopic imaging of white matter to obtain absolute metabolite concentrations of N‐acetylaspartate (NAA), total creatines, total cholines, myo‐inositol, and lactate. A range of cognitive tests was performed on patients with SVD, and composite scores were calculated.Results:Scans of sufficient quality for data analysis were available in 29 cases and 35 controls. NAA was significantly reduced in patients compared with controls (lower by 7.27%, P = 0.004). However, when lesion load within each individual voxel (mean 22% in SVD vs 5% in controls, P < 0.001) was added as a covariate, these differences were no longer significant, suggesting that the metabolite differences arose primarily from differences in lesioned tissue. In patients with SVD, there was no correlation between cognitive scores and any brain metabolite. No lactate, an indicator of anaerobic metabolism, was detected.Conclusions:The most consistent change in SVD is a reduction in NAA, a marker of neuronal integrity. The lack of correlation with cognition does not support the use of MRS as a surrogate disease marker. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Why Ireland rejected the Lisbon Treaty
Authors: Brugha Cathal M. 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
The reason why Ireland voted in a referendum on June 12th 2008 to reject the Lisbon Treaty was mainly due to the failure from Europe to articulate the overall justification for this strengthening of European powers in terms acceptable to the Irish, who hope for a federalist Europe, and don't trust the global military intentions of some of Europe's leaders. Most people were not canvassed door‐to‐door at all. Where there was a canvass it was generally against Lisbon, raising fears about threats to Irish neutrality, and of conscription, as well as about abortion, taxation, and the loss of an Irish Commissioner. While 51% of men voted in favour because of the perceived economic benefits, 56% of women voted against because of the perceived risks associated with a more powerful Europe.
Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Aberrant BRAF splicing as an alternative mechanism for oncogenic B‐Raf activation in thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Baitei Essa Y , Zou Minjing , Al‐Mohanna Futwan , Collison Katharine , Alzahrani Ali S , Farid Nadir R , Meyer Brian , Shi Yufei 
Published: November 2008

AbstractActivating BRAF mutations have recently been reported in 28–83% of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). However, it is not known whether aberrant BRAF splicing occurs in thyroid carcinoma. To investigate aberrant BRAF splicing and its association with BRAF mutation in thyroid tumours, we studied aberrant BRAF splicing and BRAF mutation from 68 thyroid tumours. BRAFV600E mutation was detected in 20 of 43 PTCs and all three anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATCs). There is a higher frequency of BRAF mutation in PTC patients with stage III and IV tumours compared with stage I and II. Novel BRAF splicing variants were detected in 12 PTCs, three follicular variants of PTC (FVPTCs), and one ATC, as well as in two thyroid carcinoma cell lines, ARO and NPA. These variants did not have the N‐terminal auto‐inhibitory domain of wild‐type B‐Raf, resulting in an in‐frame truncated protein that contained only the C‐terminal kinase domain and caused constitutive activation of B‐Raf. These variants were significantly associated with advanced disease stage and BRAFV600E mutation (p < 0.001, Fisher exact test). Furthermore, expression of these variants in NIH3T3 and CHO cells could activate the MAP kinase signalling pathway, transform them in vitro, and induce tumours in nude mice. These data suggest that BRAF splicing variants may function as an alternative mechanism for oncogenic B‐Raf activation. Combination of the BRAFV600E mutation and its splicing variants may contribute towards disease progression to poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Copyright © 2008 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Associates of school absenteeism in adolescents with sickle cell disease
Authors: Schwartz Lisa A. , Radcliffe Jerilynn , Barakat Lamia P. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBackgroundDespite high rates of school absenteeism in adolescents with sickle cell disease (SCD), the issue remains understudied. Potential associates of school absenteeism in adolescents with SCD include demographic (age, income), psychosocial (IQ, self‐efficacy, competence, internalizing symptoms, negative thinking), and health‐related (hemoglobin, health‐care utilization, pain, disease knowledge).ProcedureForty participants ages 12–18 completed measures of psychosocial functioning, IQ, and pain. Medical chart reviews identified other health‐related variables. A subsample also completed an assessment of goals. Using school records, absenteeism was the percent of school days missed in the previous year. Correlations tested associates of absenteeism and linear regression tested a model of absenteeism.ResultsParticipants missed an average of 12% of the school year and more than 35% missed at least 1 month of school. Health‐related and psychosocial variables, but not demographic variables, correlated with absenteeism. Attendance at clinic appointments and parent‐reported teen pain frequency were significant associates of absenteeism in the regression model. For those who completed goal assessment, over 40% of goals identified were academically focused. Absenteeism was positively related to current academic goals and health‐related hindrance of academic goals, and negatively related to future‐oriented academic goals.ConclusionsSchool absenteeism is a significant problem for adolescents with SCD despite the presence of academic goals. Collaboration between schools, parents, patients, and providers to understand and manage the impact of SCD on school attendance is recommended. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;52:92–96. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Micelles formed by self‐assembly of hyperbranched poly[(amine‐ester)‐co‐(D,L‐lactide)] (HPAE‐co‐PLA) copolymers for protein drug delivery
Authors: Jiang Ming , Wu Yan , He Yong , Nie Jun 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: The aim of the work presented was to synthesize a series of amphiphilic hyperbranched poly[(amine‐ester)‐co‐(D,L‐lactide)] (HPAE‐co‐PLA) copolymers and study the formation of copolymeric micelles. These copolymeric micelle systems are expected to be potential candidates for applications in protein drug delivery.RESULTS: The chemical structures of the copolymers were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 13C NMR and thermogravimetric analysis. Fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering confirmed the formation of copolymeric micelles of the HPAE‐co‐PLA copolymers. The maintenance of stability of bovine serum albumin (BSA) during release from micelles in vitro was also measured using circular dichroism and fluorescence spectrometry.CONCLUSION: Novel hyperbranched HPAE‐co‐PLA copolymers have been synthesized. Conjugation of PLA to HPAE was proved to be an available method for the preparation of micelles for protein delivery. The BSA‐loaded micelles showed enhanced encapsulation efficiency and the structural stability of BSA was retained during the release process. The hyperbranched polymeric micelles could be useful as drug carriers for protein drug delivery systems. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Quantitative proteome analysis of HCC cell lines with different metastatic potentials by SILAC
Authors: Chen Ning , Sun Wei , Deng Xinyu , Hao Yunwei , Chen Xilin , Xing Baocai , Jia Wei , Ma Jie , Wei Handong , Zhu Yunping , Qian Xiaohong , Jiang Ying , He Fuchu 
Published: November 2008

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and metastasis is the main cause for treatment failure and high fatality of HCC. In order to make further exploration into the mechanism of HCC metastasis and to search for the candidates of diagnostic marker and therapeutic target, stable‐isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) technique was employed to conduct differential proteome analysis on HCC cell lines – MHCC97L and HCCLM6 with low and high metastatic potentials. In total, 2335 reliable proteins were identified using LTQ‐FT mass spectrum, among which 91 proteins were upregulated and 61 proteins were downregulated in HCCLM6. Most of the upregulated proteins were involved in adherence, morphogenesis, and lipid synthesis, while lots of the downregulated proteins were involved in electron transport, which might be crucial for HCC metastasis. Six dysregulated proteins were validated by Western blotting in the cell lines. Interestingly, the upregulation of solute carrier family 12 member 2 (SLC 12A2) and protein disulfide‐isomerase A4 (PDIA4) were further confirmed in the culture supernatants by Western blotting and in the sera of HCC patients with different metastatic potentials by ELISA. Our study provided not only the valuable insights into the HCC metastasis mechanisms but also the potential candidate biomarkers for prediction of HCC metastasis.
Treatment of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in CF with anti‐IgE antibody (omalizumab)
Authors: Kanu Adaobi , Patel Kalpana 
Published: November 2008

AbstractAllergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) results from IgE induced pulmonary response to aspergillus species. Recognition and management of ABPA is challenging in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients because changes in symptoms, lung function and chest radiograph are similar to that seen in CF related pulmonary infection. Standard therapy for ABPA includes systemic steroids and adjunctive use of antifungal agents. Little has been published regarding the use of monoclonal anti‐IgE antibody in those with ABPA. We report a CF patient with her third exacerbation of ABPA who was treated with monoclonal anti‐IgE (omalizumab) antibody; she had unfavorable side effects with prednisone therapy. This therapy resulted in improvement of pulmonary symptoms and lung function not achieved with antibiotics or prednisone alone. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2008; 43:1249–1251. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inflammation and Sleep Disordered Breathing in Children: A State‐of‐the‐Art Review
Authors: Goldbart Aviv D. , Tal Asher 
Published: November 2008

AbstractSleep disordered breathing (SDB) represents a spectrum of breathing disorders, ranging from snoring to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), that disrupt nocturnal respiration and sleep architecture. OSAS is a common disorder in children, with a prevalence of 2–3%. It is associated with neurobehavioral, cognitive, and cardiovascular morbidities. In children, adenotonsillectomy is the first choice for treatment and is reserved for moderate to severe OSAS, as defined by an overnight polysomnography. In adults, OSAS is the result of mechanical dysfunction of the upper airway, manifesting as severity‐dependent nasal, oropharyngeal, and systemic inflammation that decrease after continuous positive airway pressure therapy. Inflammatory changes have been reported in upper airway samples from children with OSAS, and systemic inflammation, as indicated by high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP) levels, has been shown to decrease in children with OSAS after adenotonsillectomy. Anti‐inflammatory treatments for children with mild OSAS are associated with major improvements in symptoms, polysomnographic respiratory values, and radiologic measures of adenoid size. Inflammation is correlated to some extent with OSAS‐related neurocognitive morbidity, but the role of inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and management of OSAS, and the role of anti‐inflammatory treatments, remains to be clarified. This review examines the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of sleep‐disordered breathing in pediatric patients and the potential therapeutic implications. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2008; 43:1151–1160. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cross‐sectional analysis of intermittent versus chronic caloric restriction in the TRAMP mouse
Authors: Bonorden Melissa J.L. , Rogozina Olga P. , Kluczny Christina M. , Grossmann Michael E. , Grande Joseph P. , Lokshin Anna , Cleary Margot P. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBACKGROUNDPreviously we found that intermittent calorie restriction (ICR) delayed the age of prostate tumor detection and death in TRAMP mice in comparison to chronic calorie restricted (CCR) and ad libitum fed (AL) TRAMP mice.METHODSIn the present study the same protocol was used in a cross‐sectional experiment whereby mice were either ad libitum fed, intermittently calorie restricted at 50% of the consumption of AL mice for 2 weeks followed by 2 weeks of refeeding matched to AL intake or were pair‐fed to the ICR. Both ICR and CCR protocols resulted in a 25% reduction in caloric intake. Mice were enrolled in the study at 7 weeks of age to be euthanized at designated time points in cycles 3, 6, and 9 with mice euthanized at the end of restriction and refeeding.RESULTSAt the youngest time point in cycle 3 ICR impacted body weight, fat pad weights and serum factors the most. Additionally, the incidence of detectable prostate cancer pathology was reduced for ICR mice compared to AL and CCR mice. However, by cycle 5 when the mice were 28–30 weeks of age all mice except one ICR mouse had pathologically confirmed prostate cancer. Furthermore, at the two older time points many of the mice assigned to the study did not survive to reach their designated endpoints.CONCLUSIONSOverall these findings are consistent with other studies indicating protective effects of various interventions on the development of prostate cancer in young TRAMP mice. Prostate 69:317–326, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Employing dielectric diffractive structures in solar cells – a numerical study
Authors: Kroll Matthias , Fahr Stephan , Helgert Christian , Rockstuhl Carsten , Lederer Falk , Pertsch Thomas 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe study numerically in detail optical effects occurring during the interaction of light with dielectric gratings and explain how they can be exploited to enhance light absorption in thin‐film solar cells. We analyze in depth two scenarios with practical relevance where dielectric gratings are incorporated. The first is an one‐dimensional, binary grating, which can be manufactured lithographically. The second is a two‐dimensional grating of dielectric spheres that can be fabricated employing self organization processes on pre‐textured substrates. From a universally valid point of view, we finally outline strategies to optimize the geometry of textured surfaces permitting for a maximization of absorption in a solar cell. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
3D photonic crystal intermediate reflector for micromorph thin‐film tandem solar cell
Authors: Bielawny Andreas , Üpping Johannes , Miclea Paul T. , Wehrspohn Ralf B. , Rockstuhl Carsten , Lederer Falk , Peters Marius , Steidl Lorenz , Zentel Rudolf , Lee Seung‐Mo , Knez Mato , Lambertz Andreas , Carius Reinhard 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe concept of 3D photonic intermediate reflectors for micromorph silicon tandem solar cells has been investigated. In thin‐film silicon tandem solar cells consisting of amorphous and microcrystalline silicon with two junctions of a‐Si/μc‐Si, efficiency enhancements can be achieved by increasing the current density in the a‐Si top cell. It is one goal to provide an optimized current matching at high current densities. For an ideal photon‐management between top and bottom cell, a spectrally selective intermediate reflective layer (IRL) is necessary, which is less dependent of the angle of incidence than state‐of‐the‐art thickness dependent massive interlayers. The design, preparation and characterization of a 3D photonic thin‐film filter device for this purpose has been pursued straight forward in simulation and experimental realization. The inverted opal is capable of providing a suitable optical band stop with high reflectance and the necessary long wavelength transmittance as well and provides further options for improved light trapping. We have determined numerically the relative efficiency enhancement of an a‐Si/μc‐Si tandem solar cell using a conductive 3D‐photonic crystal. We have further fabricated such structures by ZnO‐replication of polymeric opals using chemical vapour deposition and atomic layer deposition techniques and present the results of their characterization. Thin film photonic IRL have been prepared at the rear side of a‐Si solar cells. Completed with a back contact, this is the first step to integrate this novel technology into an a‐Si/μc‐Si tandem solar cell process. The spectral response of the cell is presented and compared with reference cells. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Theoretical calculation of the electronic states with spin‐orbit effects of the molecule NaRb
Authors: Korek M. , Fawwaz O. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe potential energy curves of the molecule NaRb have been calculated for the 60 low‐lying electronic states in the Ω‐representation. Using an ab‐initio method the calculation is based on nonempirical pseudo‐potential in the interval 3.0ao ≤ R ≤ 44.0ao of the internuclear distance. The spin‐orbit effects have been taken into account through a semiempirical spin‐orbit pseudo‐potential added to the electrostatic Hamiltonian with Gaussian basis sets for both atoms. The spectroscopic constants have been calculated for 42 states and the components of the spin‐orbit splitting have been identified for the states (1, 2, 5)3Π and (1, 2)3Δ. The comparison of the present results with those available in literature shows a good agreement, whereas the other results, to the best of our knowledge, are given here for the first time. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2009
Study of a confined hydrogen‐like atom by the asymptotic iteration method
Authors: Ciftci Hakan , Hall Richard L. , Saad Nasser 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe asymptotic iteration method (AIM) is used to obtain both special exact solutions and general approximate solutions for a Hydrogen‐like atom confined in a spherical box of arbitrary radius R. Critical box radii, at which states are no longer bound, are also calculated. The results are compared with those in the literature. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2009