bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperviscosity syndrome with IgM monoclonal gammopathy and hepatic plasmacytoid lymphosarcoma in a cat
Authors: WILLIAMS DAVID A. , GOLDSCHMIDT MICHAEL H. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA 19‐month‐old cat investigated because of depression, anorexia, polyuria, and polydipsia was found to have hepatomegaly, retinal haemorrhages, and distended tortuous retinal veins. Prolonged bleeding occurred after venipuncture, and serum was hyperviscous due to an immunoglobulin M monoclonal gammopathy. Prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times were prolonged, thrombin clotting time was only slightly prolonged and the activities of coagulation factors VII, VIII and IX were normal. The cat died suddenly before the origin of the immunoglobulin could be determined. Hepatic plasmacytoid lymphosarcoma was found at post‐mortem examination. The pathophysiology of hyperviscosity syndrome is discussed and the observations in this cat are compared with those reported in the dog.
Periodic hair shedding by a normal bitch
Authors: HALE PATRICIA A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTOver several years, the mass of hair shed weekly by a normal Alsatian bitch varied cyclically. Base‐line values were less than 5 grams, while the maximum loss recorded was over 70 grams. Moults (and, by implication, the growth of new hairs which must have preceded them) were related to the bitch's oestrous cycle, always occurring shortly before or coincidentally with the onset of pro‐oestrus, even when megestrol acetate was administered to prevent ovulation or to re‐time the oestrous cycle. Fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones over‐rode any influence upon hair cycles of seasonal changes in photoperiod or temperature.
Gas gangrene in a cat with aortic embolism
Authors: SCHIFFER STEPHEN P. , MILLER LISA M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTGas gangrene developed in the hind‐limbs of a cat with aortic embolism. The condition occurred even with therapy to increase circulation to the rear legs. Within 48 hours of presentation, gas gangrene rapidly affected both limbs. Post‐mortem examination confirmed clostridial myonecrosis, a thromboembolus at the aortic bifurcation and cardiomyopathy.
The distribution of filariae, superficial lung lesions and pulmonary arterial lesions following chemotherapy in canine dirofilariasis
Authors: ATWELL R. B. , CARLISLE CAROL H. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe distribution of peripheral fibrosis due to chronic dirofilariasis and the distribution of recent peripheral pulmonary lesions associated with dead filariae following adulticidal therapy was assessed to determine if individual lobes were more affected. Lobar preference for the right caudal lobe was apparent for the recent but not the chronic lesions. The distribution of dead filariae within the pulmonary arterial tree significantly favoured the right caudal lobe. Disease due to dirofilariasis was more evident in the arteries supplying the right lobes than the arteries of the left lobes.
Clinical pathology of the ‘Caval Syndrome’ in canine dirofilariasis in Northern Australia
Authors: ATWELL R. B. , FARMER T. S. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe findings from 21 cases of ‘Caval Syndrome’ are discussed in relation to clinical findings, laboratory data and the results of jugular venotomy and extraction of filariae from the right atrium and posterior vena cava. The current literature is reviewed in the light of these preliminary findings and the possible pathophysiology of caval syndrome is discussed.
Autoimmune orchitis in two related dogs
Authors: ALLEN W. EDWARD , PATEL J. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe testes of three dogs which suffered spermatogenic arrest were examined by indirect immunofluorescence tests. Two of these dogs (a father and son) had previously been shown to have focal inflammatory lesions in the testes. Autoantibodies directed against sperm tails were present in the sera of these dogs, but not in the third dog which had a non‐inflammatory testicular degeneration. The findings are compared with those in other animals and man.
Chronic bronchitis, cardiomegaly and medial hypertrophy of small pulmonary arteries in a dog
Authors: TURK J. R. , RANTANEN N. W. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA 10‐year‐old male Labrador Retriever had a history of chronic cough which was refractory to antibiotic and steroid therapy. Cytologic and bacteriologic examinations of transtracheal washings were unremarkable. Thickening of the bronchial mucosa was observed by bronchoscopy. Routine thoracic radiographs were interpreted as indicative of thickening of the bronchial walls and mild cardiomegaly. The dog was killed 2 years later at the owner's request. Chronic bronchitis and medial hypertrophy of the small muscular pulmonary arteries were observed on histopathologic examination.
Incidence of post‐anaesthetic arrhythmias in the dog
Authors: BUSS DARYL D. , HESS ROBERT E. , WEBB ALISTAIR I. , SPENCER KAREN R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA total of 50 dogs, judged to be free of cardiovascular disease on the basis of physical and electrocardiographic (ECG) examination, underwent ECG monitoring during recovery from general anaesthesia. Fifteen of these dogs (30 per cent) developed some form of cardiac arrhythmia during the recovery period. The arrhythmias most frequently observed were premature ventricular contractions and atrioventricular conduction defects of varying degrees of severity. The observed arrhythmias had ceased by the end of the observation period and did not require specific therapy. There was no apparent correlation between the duration of anaesthesia, the type of medical or surgical procedure and the development of arrhythmias. However, the dogs developing arrhythmias were older than those that did not. The relatively high frequency of occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias must be considered in the evaluation of ECG data from dogs being monitored during recovery from anaesthesia.
The effect on the contralateral stifle joint of sectioning of the cranial cruciate ligament in the dog
Authors: CAMPBELL J. R. , DUFF S. R. I. , GILBERTSON ELIZABETH M. M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTIn three adult dogs the cranial cruciate ligament of the right stifle was sectioned. The animals were examined at regular intervals over the following twenty‐nine months and the clinical findings noted. Fluorochrome bone markers were injected at intervals of approximately six months. Following injection of barium sulphate and Berlin blue after euthanasia, the joint tissues of both stifles were examined for evidence of degenerative changes. The right stifles showed typical changes of osteoarthritis, while the left stifles revealed no abnormality.
Do cats really need more protein?
Authors: ROGERS QUINTON R. , MORRIS JAMES G. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTReviews of the most recent literature on amino‐acid and nitrogen requirements have shown that the minimal protein requirement (using a protein with a high NPU) of the growing kitten is about 20 per cent of the diet whether the requirement is based on the nitrogen content of the protein or upon its essential amino‐acid content. Although this is higher than that required by the growing dog, rat or man, the difference is not as great (65 per cent higher) as the differential found for adult animals of these same species. That is, the adult cat requires 12–15 per cent dietary protein for maintenance compared with about 4–5 per cent for the adult rat, man and dog.
The taurine requirement of the adult cat
Authors: BURGER I. H. , BARNETT K. C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe taurine requirement of adult cats was investigated using a purified amino‐acid diet containing various levels of added taurine. From the results of two earlier investigations it appeared that the minimum daily taurine requirement was between 35 and 56 mg for an adult cat. The results of the present study show that a taurine intake of about 10 mg/kg bodyweight/day is sufficient to maintain adult cats in adequate taurine status. This value is in agreement with the previous estimate and approximates to a taurine concentration of 500 mg/kg of dry matter in a commercial cat food.
Factors affecting digestibility and in‐vivo energy content of cat foods
Authors: KENDALL PETER T. , SMITH PHILIP M. , HOLME DAVID W. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTApparent digestibility and digestible energy (DE) content of 43 canned and 28 packeted samples of commercial cat foods were determined using panels of six adult domestic cats. Metabolizable energy (ME) content was also measured with 22 of the canned and 14 of the packeted foods. Mean apparent crude protein (CP), acid ether extract (AEE) and nitrogen‐free extract (NFE) digestibility percentages of all foods (N = 71) were 78, 77 and 69. Apparent AEE and CP digestibility percentages increased in a curvilinear manner with intake; logarithmic regression curves explained 50 and 24 per cent of the variation in AEE and CP digestibility by intake.The use of modified Atwater factors over‐estimated ME content of canned and packeted foods by 21 and 27 per cent respectively, compared with in vitro values. Twenty‐one single or mulitple regression equations were generated predicting in‐vivo DE or ME content of foods from laboratory analyses. The use of such equations in the practical definition of energy content of cat foods is discussed.
The diagnosis and treatment of cauda equina lesions in the dog
Authors: DENNY H. R. , GIBBS C. , HOLT P. E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe case details of 46 dogs with cauda equina syndrome are reviewed. The causes were variable and included lumbosacral spondylosis, disc protrusion, discospondylitis, fractures, dislocations and neoplasia. Dogs with discospondylitis generally responded well to prolonged antibiotic therapy but the response to conservative treatment of lumbosacral spondylosis or disc protrusion was transient or incomplete. Ten dogs with cauda equina syndrome were treated surgically; the techniques are described and results presented.
Osteomedullography in estimating the consolidation of long bone fractures in the dog
Authors: ALITALO I. , KONTIO K. , KÄRKKÄINEN M. , PUNTO L. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTSix canine long bone fractures with delayed or non‐union were investigated using osteomedullography. The contrast medium crossed the fracture (positive osteomedullography) in four cases. All contrast medium remained in the distal fragment (negative osteomedullography) in two cases. The fractures with the negative finding were operated upon using bone grafts. Conservative fracture treatment using transfixation or plaster cast was continued in the positive cases. All the fractures united from 9 to 15 weeks after the examination and treatment. Osteomedullography proved to be a reliable method for identifying which non‐union fractures require further operative treatment for healing.
Essential thrombocythaemia in the dog and cat: a report of four cases
Authors: EVANS R. J. , JONES D. R. E. , JONES T. J. GRUFFYDD 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe occurrence of essential thrombocythaemia in the dog and cat is recorded. In four cases of anaemia profound elevation of platelet numbers was noted. Bone marrow biopsy revealed megakaryocyte proliferation, with excessive platelet production and abnormal megakaryocyte morphology. This condition should be considered in the differential diagnosis of anaemia.
An outbreak of canine tracheobronchitis (kennel cough) in Zaria
Authors: TEKDEK L. B. , EZEOKOLI C. D. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical and epidemiological features of the first recorded outbreak of canine tracheobronchititis (kennel cough) in Zaria are described. During the outbreak which occurred between October and December 1980, 21 per cent of dogs presented to the Small Animal Clinic were diagnosed clinically as suffering from kennel cough, compared with 0.2 per cent in the preceding year. Bordetella bronchiseptica was among the several microorganisms isolated from affected dogs.
Panosteitis in dogs
Authors: STEAD A. C. , STEAD MARGARET C. P. , GALLOWAY FIONA H. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical and radiographic signs of panosteitis in seven dogs are described and also the histological and fluorochrome‐labelled appearance of the lesions in one of them. The condition was seen in three immature German Shepherd dogs, three immature mongrels, of which two were littermates, and an adult Doberman Pinscher which presented with lesions of its metacarpus.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the middle ear in a cat
Authors: STONE ELIZABETH A. , GOLDSCHMIDT MICHAEL H. , LITTMAN MERYL P. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTSquamous cell carcinoma of the middle ear and tympanic bulla was diagnosed in a 13‐year‐old cat. This is the first report of squamous cell carcinoma in this location in a cat.
Toxicity of flufenamic acid in the cat
Authors: CARLISLE CAROL H. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTTwelve cats were treated with dosages of flufenamic acid varying from 80 to 5 mg/kg daily. Cats on high doses showed clinical signs compatible with phenol toxicity, while those on lower dosages were slightly depressed and inappetant. It was concluded that flufenamic acid should not be used in this species.
Adverse drug reactions in the treatment of filarial parasites: clinical reactions to diethylcarbamazine therapy in dogs infected with Dirofilaria immitis in Australia
Authors: ATWELL R. B. , BOREHAM P. F. L. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical signs associated with reactions to diethylcarbamazine therapy in dogs infected with Dirofilaria immitis include depression, vomiting and diarrhoea followed by bradycardia, softened heart sounds, weakened apex beat, low amplitude arterial pulse, pale mucosa, poor mucosal capillary refill and polypnoea. Subsequently the dogs become laterally recumbent and exhibit tachycardia and dyspnoea, with associated hepatomegaly and abdominal wall contractures. These signs are described in a group of eight reactive dogs and the possible pathophysiology, which is consistent with cardiac depression and hypovolaemic shock, is discussed.
The use of antibiotics in reptiles: a review
Authors: LAWRENCE K. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe rationale of antibiotic therapy in reptiles, the significance of reptilian bacterial isolates and their antibiotic sensitivity are discussed. Individual antibiotic studies in snakes and terrapins are reviewed and the extrapolation of dose rates from endotherms (mammals) to ectotherms (reptiles) is shown to be unreliable.
Prenatal and transmammary infections of Toxocara canis in dogs: effect of benzimidazole‐carbamate anthelmintics on various developmental stages of the parasite
Authors: LLOYD S. , SOULSBY E. J. L. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFenbendazole and albendazole, given at a dose rate of 150 mg/kg for 3 days, produced a 90 per cent reduction in the numbers of second stage larvae of Toxocara canis present in the tissues of dogs although no reduction in the number of larvae found in the brains of infected dogs occurred with this treatment. The results suggest that a course of 3 day therapy with these anthelmintics should prevent prenatal infections in puppies. However, if infection is acquired by bitches during late pregnancy or early lactation, the transmammary route of infection becomes important. Therefore, anthelmintic treatment of the bitch prior to pregnancy will not prevent transmission of infection to her puppies should the bitch acquire a new infection of T. canis during pregnancy or early lactation.Alternatively, infection with T. canis can be controlled through the treatment of neonatal puppies for migrating larvae of T. canis. Treatment of newborn puppies with fenbendazole, albendazole or oxfendazole at a dose of 100 mg/kg for 2–3 days produced a 91–99 per cent reduction in the number of adult parasites found. In addition, a single dose of fenbendazole, given at a dose rate of 40 mg/kg, eliminated 93–96 per cent of adult T. canis from the intestines of 4–5‐week‐old puppies. These latter treatments would need to be repeated to eliminate completely the infection from puppies.
Hip dislocation and the use of the De Vita pin in the cat
Authors: WILDGOOSE W. H. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe paper presents observations made on hip luxation in cats in general practice over a four‐year period. Attention is drawn to some previous reports of this common injury, and discusses the use of the De Vita pin when reluxation follows a closed reduction. The possibility of sciatic nerve injury following this technique is mentioned.
Ciliary body epithelial tumours in the dog and cat; a report of thirteen cases
Authors: PEIFFER ROBERT L. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe veterinary literature regarding ciliary body epithelial tumours is reviewed with a comparative perspective to serve as a background for a discussion of the epidemiological, clinical, morphological, and biological behavioural features of eleven canine and two feline cases.Six of the canine cases were adenomas and five were adenocarcinomas; both feline cases were adenocarcinomas. It would appear that these lesions are relatively common intraocular tumours that may present with a variety of clinical signs and relatively consistent morphological characteristics. The potential for metastasis of malignant tumours exists but metastasis occurs infrequently in the advanced stages of the disease. Differential diagnosis and clinical management are discussed.
The use of a modified Kirschner—Ehmer apparatus in avian fracture repair
Authors: KOCK MICHAEL D. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA modified Kirschner‐Ehmer apparatus using hoof acrylic as the stabilizing bar was used for fracture fixation in a series of birds.Adequate reduction and stabilization were achieved in most birds. Complications that developed in some birds were life threatening, emphasizing the need for medical management prior to surgical intervention in avian species.
Extra‐neural lesions in experimental lead toxicosis of dogs
Authors: HAMIR A. N. , SULLIVAN N. D. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA lead salt mixture was given orally to nine dogs at 5–10 mg/kg/day for periods varying from 14 to 152 days. Macroscopic lesions included reddening of bone marrow and gastric ulceration. Jaundice occurred in dogs receiving high total lead dosage. Histopathologically, periacinar fatty change in the liver was a consistent finding and at high doses of lead, this was accompanied by cholestasis and biliary hyperplasia. Testicular degeneration and aspermia was found in two of the three male dogs. Acid‐fast lead inclusions were present in the liver, kidney and osteoclasts.
Clinical and epidemiological studies on canine hepatozoonosis in Zaria, Nigeria
Authors: EZEOKOLI C. D. , OGUNKOYA A. B. , ABDULLAHI R. , TEKDEK L. B. , SANNUSI A. , ILEMOBADE A. A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA clinical and epidemiologic picture of canine hepatozoonosis is presented. Clinically the disease is characterized by a chronic debilitating course, persistent or recurrent fever unresponsive to antibiotics and the common babesiocidal agents, progressive anaemia, eosinophilia and polychromasia, and H. canis parasitaemia. H. canis was the most prevalent haematozoan parasite, affecting 22 per cent of the dogs examined; B. canis affected 11 per cent, and E. canis 5 per cent. H. canis affected all ages of dogs while B. canis and E. canis affected predominantly young dogs.
Results of ancillary tests for respiratory disease in normal dogs
Authors: DILLON A. R. , PECHMAN R. D. , SPANO J.S. , TEER P. A. , ADAIR S. , BUXTON B. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTTwenty‐five mixed‐breed clinically normal mature dogs were evaluated for respiratory disease by thoracic radiographs, complete blood counts, modified Knott's test, fluorescent antibody test for heartworms, bronchoscopy, tracheal washing, and bronchial brushing. Gross necropsies, cultures of lung parenchyma, and microscopic studies of lung at the site of and adjacent to the tracheal washing and bronchial brushing techniques were performed. The high prevalence of abnormal findings reflected subclinical disease in a confined population. The importance of a combination of complementary diagnostic tests was reinforced by the lack of specificity of individual tests.
Congenital diabetes insipidus in a kitten
Authors: WINTERBOTHAM JUDY , MASON KENNETH V. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTCongenital diabetes insipidus in an 8‐week‐old, female longhair kitten is described. The mean urine specific gravity was 1–006; this remained unchanged after water deprivation but rose following intramuscular injection of vasopressin tannate. Pathological examination suggested pituitary malformation as the cause of the condition.
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis complicated by partial ruptures and a perforation of the small intestine in a dog
Authors: VAN DER GAAG INGRID , HAPPE R. P. , WOLVEKAMP W. Th. C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA 2‐year‐old male Bouvier de Flandres was admitted because of muco‐haemorrhagic diarrhoea of three weeks duration. Radiographic examination revealed signs of gastrointestinal perforation with peritonitis and ileus. Laparotomy revealed a severely changed intestine with longitudinal ruptures of the external part of the wall, and jejunal perforation causing an acute peritonitis. The mesenteric lymph nodes were enlarged. A diffuse eosinophilic gastroenteritis and lymphadenitis were found at autopsy with granulomatous lesions in the oesophagus, stomach and intestines.
Myelofibrosis in the dog: three case reports
Authors: THOMPSON J. C. , JOHNSTONE A. C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTMyelofibrosis has been reported infrequently in dogs. The pathological features of three dogs with this disease are described. All three animals were presented clinically with non‐regenerative anaemia. In two dogs, the neoplastic disorder was unaccompanied by other myeloproliferative disease and was characterized histologically by extensive replacement of normal bone marrow elements by proliferating reticulum cells and myeloid metaplasia of the enlarged liver and spleen. In one animal, focal myeloid metaplasia were also present in the lungs. In the third dog, myelofibrosis was accompanied by erythraemic myelosis and in this animal immature erythroid cells were present in blood, bone marrow, liver and spleen.
Dystrophy, degeneration and infiltration of the canine cornea
Authors: CRISPIN S. M. , BARNETT K. C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThree conditions of the cornea in the dog are described; a form of corneal dystrophy (central/paracentral lipid dystrophy, lipidosis, lipoidosis, cholesterolosis), degeneration (fatty and calcareous degeneration) and infiltration (arcus lipoides corneae, anterior embryotoxon, pre‐senile arcus). The clinical appearance, together with histopathological and ultrastructural details, are recorded. The age, sex, breed incidence and possible hereditary factors are also included. Reference is made to previous reports in the veterinary literature and the three conditions are compared with similar conditions in man.
Real‐time ultrasound pregnancy diagnosis in the bitch
Authors: BONDESTAM S. , ALITALO I. , KÄRKKÄINEN M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA portable real‐time ultrasound scanner was used for pregnancy diagnosis in eight bitches. Pregnancy was detected in seven; one bitch was not pregnant. The period between the 28th and 35th days of gestation seemed to be the most suitable time for counting the foetuses. Details of the foetal bodies were clearly visible after the 40th day of pregnancy. Most of the foetuses were detected. Real‐time ultrasound can be used for the diagnosis of canine pregnancy as a safe, rapid and easy method, although some inaccuracy in foetal count exists.