bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whiskers in the city: Domestic cat predation in Ecuadorian coastal cities and associated factors
Authors: Panchana Kevin , Herrera Ileana , Vargas Anahí , Mella-Méndez Isac , Flores-Peredo Rafael 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Domestic cats pose a latent threat to wildlife in natural and urban ecosystems. Both intrinsic (age, weight, sterilization status, etc.) and extrinsic factors (night confinement, interaction time with owners at home, etc.) can influence the number of prey items caught by cats. We address the fauna predation by domestic cats in three cities on the coast of Ecuador. Two objectives were established: (i) determine the richness, composition, abundance, and conservation status of the prey captured by domestic cats, and (ii) identify the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence the quantity of prey captured. A citizen science approach was employed to gather information about wildlife species caught and brought home by 100 cats in 50 households between March and October 2023. Cats captured 132 prey items, of which 53.8% were invertebrates, 27.3% reptiles, 8.3% birds, 6.8% mammals, and 3.8% amphibians. These prey items belonged to 53 taxa, 56.6% native and 15.1% non-native. Non-native reptiles Hemidactylus sp. and Anolis sagrei were the most frequently captured taxa, and ten native taxa were among the most commonly captured, particularly odonates. This is the first study to register predation of cats on amphibians in northwestern South America. The capture by cats of Coniophanes dromiciformis, a vulnerable and probably endemic snake, is noteworthy. Three factors—age, nocturnal confinement, and the presence of toys in their homes—were the most important factors that contributed to predation events. We recommend these factors be considered to reduce the impacts by owned cats on wildlife.
De Novo Synthesis of α-Ketoamides via Pd/TBD Synergistic Catalysis
Authors: Han Wen-Yong , Chen Jia-He , Zhang Li-Ren , Wang Zhang-Yang , Liu Lu-Jie , Tu Li-Ping , Zhang Yun , Chen Yong-Zheng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Precise control on the product selectivity of a reaction is an important objective in organic synthesis. α-ketoamides are vital intermediates in chemical transformation and privileged motifs in numerous drugs, natural products and biologically active molecules. The selective synthesis of α-ketoamides from feedstock chemicals in a safe and operationally simple manner under mild conditions is a long-standing challenge in catalysis. Herein we disclose an unprecedented TBD-switched Pd-catalyzed double isocyanide insertion reaction of (hetero)aryl halides or pseudohalides for the assembly α-ketoamides in aqueous DMSO under mild conditions. The effectiveness and utility of this protocol are demonstrated by diverse substrate scope (85 examples), late-stage modification of pharmaceuticals, scalability in large-scale synthesis, transformations of functional groups, as well as the synthesis of pharmaceutically active molecules. Mechanistic studies indicate that TBD is a key ligand to modulate the Pd-catalyzed double isocyanide insertion process, thus selectively providing the desired α-ketoamides in a unique manner. In addition, imidoylpalladium(II) complex and α-ketoimine amide are successfully isolated and determined by X-ray analysis, proving them the probable intermediates in the catalytic pathway.
Association between Anthropometric indices and cardiovascular disease: A cross-sectional based on Rafsanjan Cohort study
Authors: Ayoobi fatemeh , Abbaszadeh Faezeh , Khalili Parvin , Jamali Zahra , Esmaeili-Nadimi Ali , Sadeghi Tabandeh , Lotfi Mohammad Amin , Vakilian Alireza 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality related to the heart and brain in the population. Abnormal anthropometric indicators have become a common health problem all over the world. This study aimed to assess the association between anthropometric indices and CVD.
Methods: Our descriptive study was done on 9934 adult participants aged 35-70 years old of the Rafsanjan based on the Rafsanjan cohort study (RCS), as part of the Prospective epidemiological research studies in Iran (PERSIAN). The CVD (coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke) of RCS cases were studied according to their anthropometric characteristics (height, weight, waist, hip and wrist circumferences, waist-to-hip (WHR), and waist-to-height ratios (WHtR)). The analysis was based on logistic regression and three crude and adjusted models. The data were analyzed using STATA software version 14.
Results: The odds of stroke increased in participants who were in the 4th quartile of WHR and increased 2 times in participants with quartile 4 of WHtR in the adjusted model. There was a significant association between the increased risk of CVD with BMI ≥ 30, abnormal WC, quartiles 3 and 4 of WHR, and 4 of WHtR after adjusting confounding variables. Only quartile 4 of WHR remained significant and increased the odds of CVD. All risk factors of CVD (Dyslipidemia, LDL, HDL, TG and Cholesterol) were linked to anthropometric indices, and the increase in each of the anthropometric indices increases the odds of the risk of risk factors for CVD. The dose-response increase was seen with the highest ORs in the fourth quartile for anthropometric indices.
Conclusions: According to the results obtained from this study, WHR and WHtR could be the predictors of CVD risk compared to other indicators and the control of these indicators using diet and exercise is suggested.
Enhancing Mobility Robustness and Load Balancing in Networks Using a Modified Deep CNN-BiLSTM Model with Attention Mechanism
Authors: Mohan Divya , Mary A. Geetha 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Mobile data transmission between nodes and well-known data services is always evolving, and these services offer a variety of communication endurance. Simultaneously, the 4G standards aim to address these services from the outset, recognizing that improving mobility resilience is necessary to achieve performance objectives in these challenging situations. Redefining new devices to meet the low latency and high-performance reliability requirements of mobile devices is essential. Ongoing advancements in mobile data transmission and services underscore the need for constant progress, emphasizing the crucial role of mobility robustness (MR) in optimizing handover-related parameters and enhancing user mobility performance. MR involves automated optimization in active and idle modes, ensuring optimal performance and end-user quality by considering attributes such as load balancing and neighbour relations. The handover procedure in the networking mechanism provides a transition to the base and the destination cell. This is followed by the load balancing (LB) technique, considered vital in the networking domain and used to analyze the energy-efficient path in the data or the node transfer from the base to the destination node. To find the best optimal energy-efficient path, they are classified using the DL techniques by implementing the modified Deep CNN-BiLSTM mechanism for organizing handover or the load balance technique for effective data transfer. The main reason for using DL techniques in this proposed method is to make the handoff of load-balancing techniques stand out and be organized for better node transfer mechanisms. This proposed method provides a low latency of 3.2s and an accuracy of 99.96% compared to existing methods.
Multi-objective shape optimization of a cementless femoral stem using the MOPSO algorithm
Authors: Yazdi Mohammad Ali , Kazemirad Siavash 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The geometrical shape of the femoral component of hip implants plays a key role in the long-term survivorship of hip implants. The aim of this study was to propose a multi-objective shape optimization procedure using the MOPSO algorithm with three shape-dependent failure mechanisms of hip implants as objective functions including the stress shielding, initial relative micro-motion, and bone-implant interface stress. The Taperloc® Complete femoral stem was selected and its reference geometry was defined with sixty-seven variables. Ten new stem shapes were produced as the swarm members by randomly changing the values of the variables. The values of the three objectives for each stem shape were calculated by the finite element analysis and the position of each swarm member was updated iteratively using the MOPSO algorithm. The geometry that caused a 37% and 33% decrease in the interface stress and stress shielding, respectively, and a 32% increase in the initial micro-motion compared to the Taperloc® Complete stem was selected as the optimized shape. It was shown that thinning the femoral stems without changing their length reduced the induced stress shielding and initial micro-motion and increased the interface stress, whereas shortening the femoral stems reduced the stress shielding and interface stress and increased the initial micro-motion. The proposed procedure may be conveniently used for the shape optimization of commercial femoral stems, which may significantly impact the performance and lifetime of hip implants.
Thermoanalytical studies on cross-linked polyurethane networks: effect of polyol molecular weight and structure of cyclodextrins
Authors: Cakić Suzana M. , Ristić Ivan S. , Holló Berta B. , Nikolić Vesna D. , Nikolić Nada Č. , Rakić Srđan , Ilić-Stojanović Snežana 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The applications of polyurethanes (PURs) have increased in recent years, because of their properties which can be adjusted according to their chemical structure. In this paper the preparation and detailed characterization of designed polyurethanes are reported for potential pharmaceutical applications. Two series of polyurethane networks were synthesized by using β-cyclodextrin (βCD) or hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) as cross-linker for alicyclic isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and polyethylene glycols (PEG2000 or PEG6000) or poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (BLOCK 1100). The PURs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). To visualize the morphology of the PUR samples, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used. FTIR assignments confirmed the formation of urethane linkages. XRD patterns revealed that the crystallinity decreased mainly due to the crosslinking process. The thermal stabilities of two series of polyurethanes have been correlated with their soft-segment molecular weights and structure of cross-linker. The increase of melting point is attributed to an increase in the size of the crystallites or an increase of complete crystalline phase due to the greater phase separation the hard and soft segments. The results from the SEM micrographs showed that βCD contributes to the microphase separation. The results showed that by varying the cyclodextrins as a cross-linker and the chain length of the soft segments, the stated properties of polyurethanes as potential drug delivery carriers can be changed.
Uric acid/HDL-C Ratio May Predict Significant Coronary Artery Stenosis: Intravascular Ultrasonography Study
Authors: Demir Ömer Furkan , Arslan Abdulsamet , Kınık Mustafa , Şensoy Barış , Demir Günseli 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: There may be severe difficulties in determining the severity of LMCA lesions. The use of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) facilitates the decision about the lesion severity in these patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between UHR and lesion severity in patients who have undergone LMCA IVUS.
Methods: The study included 205 patients who were determined with ICS in LMCA and underwent an IVUS procedure. In the IVUS measurements of these patients, the plaque burden (PB) and the minimal lumen area (MLA) showing lesion severity were measured.
Results: The patients were separated into two groups according to the plaque burden values as those <65% and ≥65%. The UHR values were determined to be significantly higher in the high plaque burden group (479.5 vs. 428.6, p:0.001). When the patients were separated into two groups according to the MLA values (<6mm2 and MLA ≥6mm2), the UHR values were determined to be significantly higher in the group with low MLA values (476.8 vs. 414.9, p<0.001). In the ROC analysis performed according to the MLA and plaque burden values, the UHR cutoff value of 450 was found to have similar sensitivity and the same specificity for both parameters.
Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that there is a relationship between the UHR parameter and MLA <6mm2 and plaque burden ≥65%, which are independently evaluated as critical in IVUS, and this could predict anatomically significant lesions in patients with a moderate degree of LMCA stricture.
Evaluation of cereblon expression in gastrointestinal tract tumors
Authors: Degirmenci Mustafa 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose: This retrospective study has aimed to determine the possible prognostic significance of cereblon (CRBN) expression in gastrointestinal tract tumors.
Methods: In this study, cases of gastrointestinal tract tumors including neuroendocrine tumors (n:38), gastric adenocarcinomas (n:152) and colorectal carcinomas (n:87) diagnosed in the Pathology Laboratory of Tepecik Training and Research Hospital between 2008 and 2018 were evaluated. We investigated the presence of CRBN protein expression in tumor tissues using IHC staining. The relationship between CRBN expression and various prognostic factors was analyzed.
Results: Most of the cases were male (n=179, 64.6%). The mean age of the patients was 60.5± 13.1 years. Overall survival in malignant cases was 30.5±21.8 months, with the shortest survival of 24.7 months in gastric carcinomas. CRBN expression was detected in 92 (33.2%) cases. CRBN positivity rates were highest in neuroendocrine carcinomas (55.6%) and lowest in gastric carcinomas (22.4%). The presence of CRBN expression was statistically significantly different among tumor types (p<0.001). When each group was evaluated separately, a statistically significant relationship was detected between CRBN expression and survival only in gastric carcinomas (p= 0.036). However, contrary to expectations, survival was shorter in patients with CRBN- positive tumors.
Conclusion: In cancer treatment, it is very important to identify new targeted treatment options, especially for aggressive tumor types. Since some currently used immunomodulatory drugs target CRBN protein, the use of immunomodulatory drugs may be considered in addition to current therapies in the treatment of solid tumors expressing high levels of CRBN.
Bariatric Surgery- Current perspective and present challenges- A Narrative Review
Authors: Amjad Maryam , Katta Maanya Rajasree , Kanso Nourhan , Khan Muhammad Hamza , Khurshid Fatima , Anwar Mariam , Fatima Sehar , Ghosh Bikona 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Diet, exercise, cognitive behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy are the means to assist patients to lose weight, with bariatric surgery being the most effective. Over the last two decades, due to increased awareness of the systemic benefits of bariatric surgery, as well as the safety and the wider use of the laparoscopic approach, has made bariatric surgery flourish.
Obesity-associated mortality and co-morbidities such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obstructive sleep apnea, renal dysfunction and depression improve significantly with bariatric surgery. The mechanisms of weight loss extend beyond restriction and malabsorption and include changes in hunger and satiety, food preferences, and possibly energy expenditure. Despite its safety and efficacy, bariatric surgery is under utilized as less than 1% of adults with obesity receive it. In view of the evolution of obesity into a global threat, access to bariatric surgery should be revised, whilst developing safer and less invasive weight loss treatments. In summary, this narrative review provides a valuable resource for the management of obesity with bariatric surgery. By providing a comprehensive analysis of the latest evidence and elucidating the underlying mechanisms, this review seeks to establish a foundation for the development of innovative strategies in the management of obesity.
Sundaixanthone A from the stem bark of Calophyllum sundaicum P. F. Stevens
Authors: Lizazman Mas Atikah , Mian Vivien Jong Yi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Sundaixanthone A, a new compound from the class of xanthone was isolated from Calophyllum sundaicum collected in Sarawak, Malaysia. The compound was characterized using NMR techniques, and identified as 12-(2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-5,10-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H,6H-pyrano [3,2-b] xanthen-6-one.
A Novel Disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs Prognostic Signature for
Prognosis Predicting and Immune Microenvironment
Characterization in Breast Cancer
Authors: Chen Xi , Yang Chen 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Breast cancer (BRCA) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in women. The improvement of the BRCA risk assessment method is of positive clinical significance. Although many clues showed the potential role of disulfidptosis in BRCA as a novel type of programmed cell death, whether disulfidptosis is involved in BRCA tumorigenesis remains unclear.

Method:
We used LASSO-univariate Cox analysis and multivariate Cox analysis to identify six disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs (DPLs) that correlated with BRCA clinical outcome and confirmed that these DPLs were independent prognostic factors for BRCA
(YTHDF3−AS1, AC002398.1, AL451085.2, AC092718.4, AC097662.1 and
AC053503.5). The BRCA risk prognosis model was subsequently established based on
these DPLs.

Result:
After verifying the model reliability in predicting prognosis, immune infiltration
and somatic mutation analysis showed significant differences in the immune microenvironment and mutation of DPLs by risk stratification. Immunotherapy response and drug
resistance analysis suggest the reference value of DPLs in clinical individualized therapy.

Conclusion:
The abnormal expressions of selected DPLs were further validated by the
BRCA cell line experiment. Our results shed new light on the role of DPLs in BRCA.
Structural Insights into Mouse β3-adrenergic Receptor: A Promising Target for Obesity and Diabetes Therapeutics
Authors: Gangadhara Vijayalakshmi , Gawli Kavishankar , Abraham Asha 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Investigating the structural attributes of the murine beta3-adrenergic receptor
(β3-AR) is imperative for comprehending metabolic regulation, given its close resemblance to the
human β3-AR. This receptor holds promise as a target for novel drug development against obesity
and diabetes. Despite its potential, the absence of knowledge regarding the structure of murine β3-
AR hampers a comprehensive understanding of its functionality.

Objective:
Our study aimed to model the three-dimensional (3D) structure of murine β3-AR through
various molecular structure prediction and simulation techniques, thus addressing the existing gap in
structural information.

Methods:
Employing diverse structure prediction programs, we refined the predicted structure of
murine β3-AR. Primary sequence analysis offered insights into charge distribution, stability, and
hydrophobic properties. The binding sites were identified in the modeled structure. Molecular Dynamics
(MD) simulation provided the structural stability and dynamic behavior of the predicted β3-
AR structure.

Results:
The β3-AR protein exhibited specific characteristics, including a pI of 9.57, an aliphatic
index of 98.35, a GRAVY score of 0.289, and the presence of conserved motifs and disulfide linkages.
Utilizing the programs such as Phyre2, Swissmodel, I-Tasser, and AlphaFold2, we generated a
3D model of murine β3-AR. Subsequent refinement using ModRefiner revealed a structure comprising
13 helices, 2 strands, and 21 turns. The Ramachandran plot indicated favorable regions for 93.2%
of residues, with minimal deviations. A 50 ns MD simulation demonstrated the consistent stability
and integrity of the β3-AR protein. The top three binding pockets were identified based on varying
areas and volumes. Dynamic behavior within residues Ser 252 and Arg 253 was observed, indicating
flexibility in conformation. This study marks the first-ever exploration, offering initial structural
insights into murine β3-AR.

Conclusion:
This study underscores the critical role of computational approaches in predicting the
3D structure of β3-AR. We derived a refined model by employing diverse prediction techniques,
elucidating key features. The findings emphasize the significance of this methodology in comprehending
the structural foundation of β3-AR, providing valuable insights for targeted medication development
against conditions such as obesity and diabetes.
Constructing a Novel Instrument to Measure Social-Emotional Self-Regulation in Students Aged 8-18
Authors: Walker Simon P. , Walker Jo 
Published: April 2024

Background
The authors identified a need for instruments that measure a task model of self-regulation as opposed to an emotion model of self-regulation. Such instruments are particularly applicable to student populations.

Objective
This paper explains the construction of one such instrument, Steer Tracking. A four-factor bi-polar conceptual model of four necessary self-regulatory tasks is presented: Trust of Self, Trust of Others, Self-Disclosure and Seeking Change.

Methods
A novel assessment method was developed, requiring a participant to imagine a mental space in which they perform the four self-regulatory tasks. The instrument was deployed in populations of students aged 8-18 attending UK primary and secondary schools. Principal Component Analyses evaluated the proposed four-factor structure across two age groups: 8 to 12 years olds (n = 2171) and 13 to 18 years old (n = 658). A Support Vector Machine (SVM) model in a separate sample (n = 2518) evaluated the assessment’s utility in identifying students who display risk on three wellbeing measures: experiencing bullying, thinking about or engaging in self-harm, and struggling to cope with pressure at school.

Results & Discussion
Analyses provided initial support for the validity of the conceptual model and its ability to identify at-risk students. Key instrument features such as non-standardisation and generalised versus in-school comparison are explained.

Conclusion
Application, relevance and potential benefits of the Steer Tracking instrument for educators and school managers are explored.
KASSANDRA Model: Detecting Dangerous Traffic Conditions By Modeling Drivers’ Internal Stress Energy
Authors: Nagkoulis Nikolaos , Nalmpantis Dimitrios , Bearman Nick 
Published: April 2024

Introduction
This paper introduces an innovative method to reduce car accidents by employing mechanical concepts and energy conservation to model drivers’ reactions in unexpected scenarios.

Methodology
The approach involves formulating equations to define drivers’ “internal stress energy,” indicative of their propensity for aggressive driving under time pressure. A spatiotemporal model was developed using traffic data from Highways England and accident data from Transport for London, analyzing around 200 car accidents with data from 80 cameras over two years.

Results and Discussion
Findings suggest a correlation between drivers’ internal stress energy and car accidents, highlighting the predictive value of the proposed equations in assessing road segment dangers. More specifically, using the proposed model with 15-minute timeframes increased car accident prediction four (4) times compared to the evenly spatiotemporal car accident distribution. With smaller timeframes, e.g., two (2) minutes, or with real-time data, its predictive power would be significantly higher!

Conclusion
The equations developed offer a promising tool for estimating and preventing car accidents by modeling the influence of drivers’ stress on driving behavior.