bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of oncological outcomes with transanal total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer
Authors: Neary Emma , Ibrahim Tarek , Verschoor Chris P. , Zhang Lisa , Patel Sunil V. , Chadi Sami A. , Caycedo‐Marulanda Antonio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTransanal total mesorectal (taTME) excision is a method used to assist in the radical removal of the rectum. By adopting the concept of natural orifice surgery, it offers potential benefits over conventional techniques. Early enthusiasm for this strategy led to its rapid and widespread adoption. The imposing of a local moratorium was precipitated by the discovery in Norway of an uncommon multifocal pattern of locoregional recurrence. The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to determine the incidence of local recurrence after taTME for rectal cancer.MethodConforming to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines checklist, a systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted. This included case series and comparative studies between taTME and preferentially laparoscopic procedures published between 2010 and 2021.ResultsThere were a total of 1175 studies retrieved. After removal and screening for quality and relevance, the final analysis contained 40 studies. The local recurrence rate following taTME was 3.4% (95% CI 2.9%–3.9%, I2 = 0%) in 4987 patients with follow‐up durations ranging from 0.7 to 5.5 years. Compared with laparoscopic TME, local recurrence was not statistically different for the taTME group (p = 0.076); however, it was less probable (OR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.24–1.09, I2 = 0%). Systemic recurrence and circumferential resection margin status were secondary outcomes; however, the differences were not statistically significant.ConclusionOur data suggest that the local recurrence for regular laparoscopic and transanal TME surgeries may be comparable, suggesting that taTME can be performed without influencing locoregional oncological outcomes in patients treated at specialized institutions and who have been cautiously selected.
Éléments de données communs pour l'arthrogrypose multiple congénitale: Un cadre international
Authors: Nematollahi Shahrzad , Dieterich Klaus , Filges Isabel , De Vries Johanna I. P. , Van Bosse Harold , Natera‐De Benito Daniel , Hall Judith G. , Sawatzky Bonita , Bedard Tanya , Sanchez Victoria Castillo , Navalon‐Martinez Carolina , Pan Tony , Hilton Coleman , Dahan‐Oliel Noémi 
Published: April 2024

RésuméObjectifAfin de faciliter les études multisites et la recherche clinique d'envergure internationale, cette étude a pour but d'identifier des éléments de données communs (EDCs) normalisés et fondés sur un consensus pour l'arthrogrypose multiple congénitale (AMC).MéthodeUne étude à méthodes mixtes comprenant plusieurs groupes de discussion et trois séries d'enquêtes Delphi modifiées pour parvenir à un consensus ont été menées.RésultatsDans l'ensemble, 45 experts cliniques ainsi qu'adultes ayant une expérience vécue (dont 12 membres d'un consortium d'AMC) ont participé à cette étude à travers 11 pays en Amérique du Nord, Europe et Australie. Les EDCs comprennent 321 éléments de données et 19 mesures standardisées dans divers domaines, du développement du fœtus à l'âge adulte. Les éléments de données relatifs aux traits phénotypiques de l'AMC ont été cartographiés conformément à l'ontologie du phénotype humain (HPO). Une structure de gouvernance universelle, des protocoles de fonctionnement et des plans de développement durable ont été identifiés comme les principaux facilitateurs considérant que la capacité limitée de partage des données et la nécessité d'une infrastructure informatique fédérée étaient les principaux obstacles.InterprétationUne collecte de données systématiques sur l'AMC à l'aide d'EDCs permettra d'étudier sur les voies étiologiques, décrire le profil épidémiologique, et établir des corrélations génotype‐phénotype de manière standardisée. Les EDCs proposés faciliteront les collaborations internationales multidisciplinaires en améliorant à grande échelle les études multicentriques, les possibilités de partage des données, ainsi que le transfert et la diffusion des connaissances.
Dine‐in or take‐away? Scavenging strategies in predaceous diving beetles at different water depths
Authors: Wang Leyun , Feng Shiqian , Zhao Zihua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPredaceous diving beetle adults scavenge for carrion in freshwater habitats. We identified two scavenging strategies used by adult Dytiscus sinensis Feng (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) to locate and consume food at the bottom of water when needing to surface for air store renewal: dine‐in then relocate the food (dine‐in strategy) and carry the food to the surface (take‐away strategy). In 5‐cm‐deep water, a higher proportion of individuals successfully located food within an 8‐min test window than in 25‐cm‐deep water. Their latencies to locating food did not differ among depths. Dytiscus sinensis adults preferred the take‐away strategy in 5‐cm‐deep water and a higher proportion of them adopted the dine‐in strategy in 25‐cm‐deep water. Further, a 10‐cm‐deep test showed that the success rate or efficiency of relocating food did not increase with the experience of locating it the first time. This might explain why D. sinensis preferred the take‐away strategy in shallower water, in which it had lower risks of losing the food. The present study revealed a direct bottom‐up benefit for dytiscids foraging in shallower water where finding and securing food were easier. Our findings demonstrate that the surfacing requirement of dytiscid adults was reflected in foraging strategies with depth‐dependent preferences.
Perception and usage of English epicene pronouns among L2 teachers in China‐focusing on he, he or she and they
Authors: Zhang Xiufeng , Yang Hengwen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper aims to explore the perception and usage of epicene pronouns in English among Chinese EFL teachers, as gender fair language becomes increasingly important for promoting inclusion, respect for identity and expression. This study employed a survey of 284 EFL teachers along with a follow‐up written task to assess their views and actual use of epicene pronouns. The results indicate that while English teachers in China are familiar with the increase of they as an epicene pronoun, the use of he or she is their preferred choice in the survey, with generic he being more common in the written task. The study further reveals that the selection of the epicene pronoun is influenced by factors such as the antecedent type, social gender and the teachers' socio‐cultural background. Promoting gender‐fair language in L2 English teaching in China is crucial. Efforts are needed to increase awareness and usage of gender‐neutral language among Chinese English teachers, emphasizing the importance of incorporating actual language use and adapting to grammatical changes.
Exploring the lived experience of receiving mental health crisis care at emergency departments, crisis phone lines and crisis care alternatives
Authors: Roennfeldt Helena , Hill Nicole , Byrne Louise , Hamilton Bridget 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundMental health crisis care includes emergency departments (EDs), crisis phone lines and crisis alternatives. Currently, there is an overreliance on EDs to provide mental health crisis care, with evidence that responses are often inadequate to meet the needs of people experiencing mental health crises. However, the complexities of how individuals experience crisis care across the varying contexts of EDs, crisis phone lines and crisis alternatives remain underresearched.MethodThis study used a hermeneutical phenomenological approach to understand the lived experience of accessing care during a mental health crisis. Thirty‐one Australian adults who had accessed crisis services at ED, phone lines and/or crisis alternatives participated in in‐depth interviews.ResultsThe findings are organised across the temporal narratives of participants' experiences from (1) point of contact, (2) positive and negative care experiences and (3) enduring impacts. Several themes were generated during these phases. The findings demonstrate the interrelated nature of care experiences and enduring impacts. With some exceptions, care received within EDs was harmful, resulting in lasting adverse effects. Responses from crisis phone lines were mixed, with participants appreciating the accessibility of after‐hour phone support but finding standardised risk assessments unhelpful. Responses from crisis alternatives to ED were promising, aligning with the need for validation and human connection, but were not always accessible or easy to mobilise during a crisis. Notably, across all settings, positive effects were firmly attributed to the quality of the relationship with specific crisis providers.ConclusionThe findings bring into sharp focus the lived experience of people accessing crisis care and contribute to the shortage of literature on subjective experiences. Providers may better meet the needs of those experiencing mental health crises by understanding the enduring impact of these interactions and the role of human connection beyond a focus on risk assessment, thereby providing opportunities for a joint understanding of risk and meaning‐making. Furthermore, understanding the subjective experience of crisis care can guide reforms to ED and develop crisis alternatives to better meet the needs of people in crisis.Patient or Consumer ContributionThe first author and the third author are in designated lived experience (Consumer) roles. The first author conducted the interviews and was explicit regarding their lived experience when engaging with participants. Service users were involved as advisors to the study and provided input into the design.
Transforming health science libraries around the globe: The impact of technology
Authors: Murphy Jeannette 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article presents an analysis of seven articles published within the International Perspectives and Initiatives regular feature series on the impact of technology on the provision of health information. The articles provide a road map of how technology is facilitating new and enhanced services for library users in seven countries: Australia, Bangladesh, China, England, Germany, Sweden and the United States. Although there are differences in how countries are implementing technological solutions, only one describes problems in leveraging technology to improve library services. Authors from the remaining six countries describe how they ensure that the 21st century library consults with its user groups and find way of using the latest applications.
Cross‐angled versus flat‐trim bristle tuft configurations in manual toothbrushes: A systematic review
Authors: Thomassen Tim M. J. A. , Van der Weijden Fridus A. , Sälzer Sonja , Slot Dagmar E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimThis systematic review synthesizes and evaluates the literature regarding the effect of manual toothbrushes (MTBs) with cross‐angled bristle tufts (CA‐TB) compared to flat‐trim (FT‐TB) configurations on plaque scores and parameters of gingival health in adult patients.Materials and MethodsPubMed‐MEDLINE and Cochrane‐CENTRAL databases were searched, from their insertion up to August 1st, 2023, to detect appropriate papers. Clinical trials involving adult patients without periodontitis who performed self‐brushing were eligible for inclusion. Primary outcome parameters included plaque, bleeding, and gingival scores. Secondary outcomes encompassed signs of soft and hard tissue abnormalities. A descriptive analysis was conducted. When feasible, a meta‐analysis was performed using either the ‘fixed’ or ‘random effects’ model, as appropriate.ResultsNine eligible papers were retrieved, presenting 20 comparisons. There was considerable heterogeneity in the clinical and methodological design aspects of the included studies. In the descriptive analysis, eight out of 12 comparisons demonstrated a difference in plaque removal performance in favour of the CA‐TB. However, data regarding bleeding and gingival index scores were inconclusive. A meta‐analysis was performed on plaque, bleeding, and gingival index scores, including different indices used for scoring. The meta‐analysis of short‐term studies showed a medium effect statistically significant difference in the reduction of plaque scores in favour of the CA‐TB (SMD = 0.75; 95% CI (0.51; 0.99)), but this was not substantiated in longer‐term studies (SMD = −0.06; 95% CI(−0.44; 0.31)). No adverse events were described in any group.ConclusionWithin the limitations of the present study design, short‐term evaluations, as assessed with various plaque indices, show a weak certainty in favour of the cross‐angled toothbrush over the flat‐trim toothbrush. However, based on longer‐term evaluations, there is insufficient support due to the inconsistent outcomes of the analysis.
Inhibitory activity of luteolin on α‐glucosidase and pancreatic lipase in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Xu Hai‐Xia , Xu Qiao‐Ting , Yin Zhong‐Ping , Chen Ji‐Guang , Zhang Qing‐Feng 
Published: April 2024

SummaryObesity is becoming a top global health problem. Inhibition of digestive enzymes is an effective approach in weight management due to the reduction of energy absorption. In this study, the inhibitory effects of luteolin on α‐glucosidase and pancreatic lipase were investigated in vitro and in vivo via enzyme kinetics, fluorescence quenching, molecular docking and rat experiments. The results showed that luteolin inhibited α‐glucosidase and pancreatic lipase in a mixed‐type and uncompetitive manner with IC50 values of 29.31 and 42.74 μg mL−1 respectively. The binding of luteolin with the two enzymes caused the quenching of intrinsic fluorescence of protein. Molecular docking simulation revealed that luteolin could be located in the active pocket of α‐glucosidase and interact with the key amino acid residues. Moreover, a hydrophobic interaction and a van der Waals force were formed between luteolin and the key amino acid residues of pancreatic lipase (His264 and Ser153). In vivo studies further confirmed that luteolin could significantly decrease the absorption of glucose and triacylglyceride in rats by inhibiting α‐glucosidase and pancreatic lipase.
Deciphering the role of wound healing genes in skin cutaneous melanoma: Insights into expression, methylation, mutations, and therapeutic implications
Authors: Zhang Yulong , Gao Chenxi , Luo Juncong , Khan Arsalan , Salem‐Bekhit Mounir M. , Salem Mohamed M. , Qi Zeng , Jiang Bo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSkin Cutaneous Melanoma (SKCM) is a form of cancer that originates in the pigment‐producing cells, known as melanocytes, of the skin. Delay wound healing is often correlated with the occurrence of and progression of SKCM. In this comprehensive study, we investigated the intricate roles of two important wound healing genes in SKCM, including Matrix Metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP2) and Matrix Metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP9). Through a multi‐faceted approach, we collected clinical samples, conducted molecular experiments, including RT‐qPCR, bisulphite sequencing, cell culture, cell Counting Kit‐8, colony formation, and wound healing assays. Beside this, we also used various other databases/tools/approaches for additional analysis including, UALCAN, GEPIA, HPA, MEXPRESS, cBioPortal, KM plotter, DrugBank, and molecular docking. Our results revealed a significant up‐regulation of MMP2 and MMP9 in SKCM tissues compared to normal counterparts. Moreover, promoter methylation analysis suggested an epigenetic regulatory mechanism. Validations using TCGA datasets and immunohistochemistry emphasized the clinical relevance of MMP2 and MMP9 dysregulation. Functional assays demonstrated their synergistic impact on proliferation and migration in SKCM cells. Furthermore, we identified potential therapeutic candidates, Estradiol and Calcitriol, through drug prediction and molecular docking analyses. These compounds exhibited binding affinities, suggesting their potential as MMP2/MMP9 inhibitors. Overall, our study elucidates the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications of MMP2 and MMP9 in SKCM, shedding light on their complex interplay in SKCM occurrence and progression.
Nutrient quality in dietary therapy for diabetes and diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Tsuruta Hiroaki , Sugahara Sho , Kume Shinji 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTDietary therapy is crucial for diabetes care with the aim of preventing the onset and progression of diabetes and its complications. The traditional approach to dietary therapy for diabetes has primarily focused on restricting the intake of the three major nutrients and rigorously controlling blood glucose levels. However, advancements in nutritional science have shown that within the three major nutrients – carbohydrates, proteins and lipids – there exist multiple types, each with distinct impacts on type 2 diabetes and its complications, sometimes even showing conflicting effects. In light of this, the present review shifts its focus from the quantity to the quality of the three major nutrients. It aims to provide an overview of how the differences in nutrient quality can influence onset and progression of type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease, highlighting the diverse effects and, at times, contradictory impacts associated with each nutrient type.
A scoping review of racial, ethnic, socioeconomic, and geographic disparities in the outcomes of older adults with cancer
Authors: Gilmore Nikesha , Grant Shakira J. , Bethea Traci N. , Schiaffino Melody K. , Klepin Heidi D. , Dale William , Hardi Angela , Mandelblatt Jeanne , Mohile Supriya ,   the Cancer and Aging Research Group
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionCancer health disparities are widespread. Nevertheless, the disparities in outcomes among diverse survivors of cancer ages 65 years and older (“older”) have not been systematically evaluated.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review of original research articles published between January 2016 and September 2023 and indexed in Medline (Ovid), Embase, Scopus, and CINAHL databases. We included studies evaluating racial, ethnic, socioeconomic disadvantaged, geographic, sexual and gender, and/or persons with disabilities disparities in treatment, survivorship, and mortality among older survivors of cancer. We excluded studies with no a priori aims related to a health disparity, review articles, conference proceedings, meeting abstracts, studies with unclear methodologies, and articles in which the disparity group was examined only as an analytic covariate. Two reviewers independently extracted data following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis reporting guidelines.ResultsAfter searching and removing duplicates, 2573 unique citations remained and after screening 59 articles met the inclusion criteria. Many investigated more than one health disparity, and most focused on racial and ethnic (n = 44) or socioeconomic (n = 25) disparities; only 10 studies described geographic disparities, and none evaluated disparities in persons with disabilities or due to sexual and gender identity. Research investigating disparities in outcomes among diverse older survivors of cancer is increasing gradually—68% of eligible articles were published between 2020 and 2023. Most studies focused on the treatment phase of care (n = 28) and mortality (n = 26), with 16 examined disparities in survivorship, symptoms, or quality of life. Most research was descriptive and lacked analyses of potential underlying mechanisms contributing to the reported disparities.ConclusionLittle research has evaluated the effect of strategies to reduce health disparities among older patients with cancer. This lack of evidence perpetuates cancer inequities and leaves the cancer care system ill equipped to address the unique needs of the rapidly growing and increasingly diverse older adult cancer population.
Human lip vermilion: Physiology and age‐related changes
Authors: Shang Jianli , Feng Xiaoyue , Chen Yong , Gu Zhengping , Liu Youting 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe human lip vermilion, also known as the red lip, is important to the quality of life and has long attracted the attention of cosmetic researchers. However, there is limited existing literature on the physiological characteristics and age‐related alterations in the human vermilion.ObjectiveWe aim to provide an overview of the physiological characteristics and age‐related alterations in the human vermilion.MethodsThis article is a result of previous research. We conducted a literature search using various academic databases such as Google Scholar, Web of Science, and PubMed. Our findings provided a comprehensive understanding of the physiological characteristics and age‐related changes of the human lip vermilion.ResultsThe human lip vermilion has a unique structure and physiological characteristics, and during the aging process, a few changes may occur in the human lip vermilion.ConclusionUnderstanding the human lip vermilion's physiological characteristics and age‐related changes can provide key information for the future innovation of lip vermilion care products. Further investigations are necessary to reach a consensus on the physiological characteristics and age‐related alterations in the human vermilion.
Strategies for nursing care of critically ill multicultural patients: A scoping review
Authors: Mihu Loredana , Marques Rita Margarida Dourado , Pontifice Sousa Patrícia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn society, people live in a social reality where multiculturalism is an increasingly relevant and prevalent topic in their contexts. Facing this, caring for multicultural patients in an emergency service or intensive care unit setting requires a high level of cultural competence due to the complexity, vulnerability of the patient, rapid changes in hemodynamic status, involvement of the family, their informational needs.ObjectiveTo map the strategies for nursing care of critically ill multicultural patients.MethodA Scoping Review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute's recommendations, with the research question: What are the strategies for nursing care of critically ill multicultural patients? The study was guided by PRISMA. The research was conducted through the EBSCOHost platform, SciELO, Portugal's Open Access Scientific Repository, the Virtual Health Library and a search in grey literature. This was achieved by combining the descriptors DECS/MESH: cultural competence; critical care; emergency room; intensive care; and natural words: cultural care; nurs* interventions; nurs* strategies; within the time frame from 2012 to 2024.The study screening was performed by three independent reviewers through the reading of titles, abstracts and full texts, applying exclusion criteria. The study results were then subjected to content analysis, from which categories emerged.ResultsThe selected articles highlight various strategies that contribute to the improvement of nursing care for critically ill multicultural patients, focusing on care practice and cultural diversity training for both nurses and nursing students.ConclusionNurses with cultural competence possess more knowledge and strategies to provide tailored care for multicultural critically ill patients, thereby enhancing the quality of care delivered and contributing to the humanization of healthcare.Relevance to Clinical PracticeNurses need to have knowledge of existing strategies for caring for multicultural critically ill patients.Patient or Public ContributionNo direct patient or public contribution to the review.