bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction and parameter calibration of potato double‐layer flexible bonding model based on discrete‐element method
Authors: Gai Xiuzhi , Xie Shengshi , Deng Weigang , Lu Kailiang , Ji Xinjie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe current discrete‐element simulation models for potatoes are multisphere polymer models derived from the Hertz–Mindlin (no slip) contact model in the discrete‐element simulation software (EDEM). These models oversimplify by considering potato peel and flesh as sharing identical mechanical properties within the structure. This oversimplification impedes a thorough investigation of the characteristics and mechanisms underlying potato peel‐breaking damage during mechanized harvesting, making in‐depth exploration challenging through simulation experiments. Consequently, this study conducted laboratory tests to determine the water content of potato peel and flesh, as well as the friction coefficients and collision recovery coefficients for various material pairs: flesh–steel, peel–steel, peel–peel, peel–flesh, and flesh–flesh. Subsequently, based on these findings, a double‐layer flexible bonding model for potato samples and whole stems under specific water content conditions was developed using EDEM software. The bonding parameters of the double‐layer flexible model for potato samples were refined through virtual shear calibration tests, leading to the identification of the optimal parameter combination: Flesh particle–flesh particle normal stiffness(tangential stiffness) per unit area X1 = 4.39 × 108 N/m3, peel particle–flesh particle normal stiffness(shear stiffness) per unit area X3 = 1.81 × 109 N/m3, peel particle–peel particle shear stiffness per unit area X6 = 1.99 × 109 N/m3, peel particle–peel particle critical normal stress X7 = 2.06 × 109 Pa. To validate the accuracy of the bonding parameters, shear and compression validation tests were conducted on entire potato stems. Comparison of the validation results from laboratory tests and simulation tests revealed an average relative error of e = 3.25%, signifying the feasibility of the constructed double‐layer flexible bond model for potatoes. This model meets the requirements for studying the characteristics and mechanisms of peel‐breaking damage in potatoes.Practical ApplicationsThe paper introduces a novel double‐layer flexible bonding model for potatoes using the discrete‐element method (DEM), which accurately simulates the mechanical properties and damage characteristics of potato peels and flesh. This research has significant practical applications in agricultural machinery design, improving the efficiency and reducing the damage during mechanical harvesting. By providing a more realistic simulation of potato behavior under mechanical stress, it can guide the development of gentler handling equipment, reduce waste, and enhance the quality of harvested potatoes. This contributes to optimizing the post‐harvest process, ensuring better storage, and extending the marketable life of potatoes.
Do goals of care documentation reflect the conversation?: Evaluating conversation‐documentation accuracy
Authors: Ma Jessica E. , Schlichte Lindsay , Haverfield Marie , Gambino Julia , Lange Allison , Blanchard Kelly , Morgan Brianne , Bekelman David B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundDocumenting goals of care in the electronic health record is meant to relay patient preferences to other clinicians. Evaluating the content and documentation of nurse and social worker led goals of care conversations can inform future goals of care initiative efforts.MethodsAs part of the ADvancing symptom Alleviation with Palliative Treatment trial, this study analyzed goals of care conversations led by nurses and social workers and documented in the electronic health record. Informed by a goals of care communication guide, we identified five goals of care components: illness understanding, goals and values, end of life planning, surrogate, and advance directives. Forty conversation transcripts underwent content analysis. Through an iterative team process, we defined documentation accuracy as four categories: (1) Complete—comprehensive accurate documentation of the conversation, (2) Incomplete—partial documentation of the conversation, (3) Missing—discussed and not documented, and (4) Incorrect—misrepresented in documentation. We also defined—Not Discussed—for communication guide questions that were not discussed nor documented. A constant comparative approach was used to determine the presence or absence of conversation content in the documentation.ResultsAll five goals of care components were discussed in 67% (27/40) of conversation transcripts. Compared to the transcripts, surrogate (37/40, 93%) and advance directives (36/40, 90%) were often documented completely. Almost 40% of goals and values (15/40, 38%) and half of end of life planning (19/40, 48%) were incomplete. Illness understanding was missing (13/40, 33%), not discussed (13/40, 33%), or incorrect (2/40, 5%).ConclusionNurse and social worker led goals of care conversations discussed and documented most components of the goals of care communication guide. Further research may guide how best to determine the relative importance of accuracy, especially in the broad setting of incomplete, missing, and incorrect EHR documentation.
Determining the prevalence of people's knowledge that third‐hand smoke is harmful to health: A meta‐analysis study
Authors: Yildirim‐Ozturk Elif Nur , Uyar Mehmet , Ozturk Mustafa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionAlthough the health effects of first‐hand smoke and second‐hand smoke are well known, third‐hand smoke (THS) is a relatively new concept. We estimated the prevalence of people's knowledge that THS is harmful to health, including for some subgroups, in a meta‐analysis.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO Host, ProQuest, and YOKTEZ databases for the prevalence of people's knowledge that THS is harmful to health using specified search words. A total of 12 publications (n = 8549 people) were included in the meta‐analysis. The random effect model was used for meta‐analysis, and Cochran's Q test and I2 values were used to determine heterogeneity. Subgroup analyzes and meta‐regression were also performed.ResultsThe prevalence of people's knowledge that THS is harmful was 80.1%. The prevalence of people's knowledge that THS is harmful for children was 82%, and the prevalence of people's knowledge that THS is harmful for adults was 70.4%. For health professionals, the prevalence of people's knowledge that THS is harmful for children was 89.8%, the highest prevalence value calculated in this meta‐analysis. Cochran's Q test and I2 values indicated that the included studies were heterogeneous.ConclusionsIn this meta‐analysis, the overall prevalence of people's knowledge that THS is harmful was 80.1%, but large variations were found between samples.
A meta‐analysis highlights the cross‐resistance of plants to drought and salt stresses from physiological, biochemical, and growth levels
Authors: Cao Heli , Ding Risheng , Du Taisheng , Kang Shaozhong , Tong Ling , Chen Jinliang , Gao Jia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn nature, drought and salt stresses often occur simultaneously and affect plant growth at multiple levels. However, the mechanisms underlying plant responses to drought and salt stresses and their interactions are still not fully understood. We performed a meta‐analysis to compare the effects of drought, salt, and combined stresses on plant physiological, biochemical, morphological and growth traits, analyze the different responses of C3 and C4 plants, as well as halophytes and non‐halophytes, and identify the interactive effects on plants. There were numerous similarities in plant responses to drought, salt, and combined stresses. C4 plants had a more effective antioxidant defense system, and could better maintain above‐ground growth. Halophytes could better maintain photosynthetic rate (Pn) and relative water content (RWC), and reduce growth as an adaptation strategy. The responses of most traits (Pn, RWC, chlorophyll content, soluble sugar content, H2O2 content, plant dry weight, etc.) to combined stress were less‐than‐additive, indicating cross‐resistance rather than cross‐sensitivity of plants to drought and salt stresses. These results are important to improve our understanding of drought and salt cross‐resistance mechanisms and further induce resistance or screen‐resistant varieties under stress combination.
The Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life (SoMe) questionnaire in Finnish: Sociodemographic findings of meaningfulness and crisis of meaning in the Finnish context
Authors: Peltomäki Isto , Ojalammi Jonna , Palmi Noora , Sørensen Torgeir , Saarelainen Suvi‐Maria 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundPsychological research about meaningfulness is concerned with a subjective sense of meaning of one's own life, that is, meaning in life. Empirical research in this field is attracting interest, as meaning in life has wide‐ranging positive implications for mental health and well‐being.AimThe aim of this article is to test the validity of the Finnish translation of the Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life (SoMe) questionnaire. In the article, meaningfulness and crisis of meaning are correlated with sources of meaning, and results are compared with other validation studies in Norway, Denmark, and Brazil as well as with the original German questionnaire.MethodsTo meet our aim, 551 participants were recruited to answer the Finnish questionnaire. The internal and construct validity of the Finnish questionnaire were tested with reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and analysis of intercorrelations of items in the questionnaire.ResultsThe analysis demonstrated similar reliability to other validation studies of the questionnaire and results highly comparable to the Norwegian study regarding the internal structure of the questionnaire. Results of intercorrelations of items within the questionnaire were also comparable to the other validation studies.
A portable surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor for the detection of immunoglobulin A in plasma
Authors: Dubois Caroline , Ducas Éric , Laforce‐Lavoie Audrey , Robidoux Jonathan , Delorme Alexandre , Live Ludovic S. , Brouard Danny , Masson Jean‐François 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundA life‐threatening anaphylactic shock can occur if a patient with undiagnosed immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency (i.e., IgA levels <500 ng/mL) receives IgA‐containing blood, hence the need for a rapid, point‐of‐care (POC) method for IgA deficiency screening. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is routinely used to detect IgA, but this method requires trained specialists and ≥24 h to obtain a result. We developed a surface plasmon resonance (SPR)‐based protocol to identify IgA‐deficient patients or donors within 1 h.Materials and MethodsThe SPR sensor relies on the detection of IgAs captured by primary antibodies adsorbed on the SPR chip and quantified with secondary antibodies. The sensor was calibrated from 0 to 2000 ng/mL in buffer, IgA‐depleted human serum, and plasma samples from IgA‐deficient individuals. A critical concentration of 500 ng/mL was set for IgA deficiency. The optimized sensor was then tested on eight plasma samples with known IgA status (determined by ELISA), including five with IgA deficiency and three with normal IgA levels.ResultsThe limit of detection was estimated at 30 ng/mL in buffer and 400 ng/mL in diluted plasma. The results obtained fully agreed with ELISA among the eight plasma samples tested. The protocol distinguished IgA‐deficient from normal samples, even for samples with an IgA concentration closer to critical concentration.DiscussionIn conclusion, we developed a reliable POC assay for the quantification of IgA in plasma. This test may permit POC testing at blood drives and centralized centers to maintain reserves of IgA‐deficient blood and in‐hospital testing of blood recipients.
Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in questing non‐Hyalomma spp. ticks in Northwest Spain, 2021
Authors: Cuadrado‐Matías Raúl , Moraga‐Fernández Alberto , Peralbo‐Moreno Alfonso , Negredo Ana Isabel , Sánchez‐Seco María Paz , Ruiz‐Fons Francisco 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCrimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) unexpectedly emerged in humans in Northwest Spain in 2021, and two additional cases were reported in the region in 2022. The 2021 case was associated with a tick bite on the outskirts of the city where the patient lived. PCR analysis of 95 questing ticks collected in the outskirts of that city in 2021, none of the genus Hyalomma, revealed a prevalence of confirmed CCHF virus (CCHFV) infection of 10.5%. Our results in this emerging scenario suggest the need to consider that CCHFV may be effectively spreading to Northwest Spain and to urgently understand any possible role of non‐Hyalomma spp. ticks in the eco‐epidemiological dynamics of CCHFV.
Sound Pressure Slopes of Turbulent and Cavitating Liquids, and a Method to Predict Such Levels
Authors: Baumann Hans D. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper presents an author-created, unique method called the ABC method to predict sound pressure of turbulent and cavitating liquids according to ISA Standard 75.17 and is measured 1 m from the outer wall of a downstream pipe, attached to the outlet of a valve [Baumann, 2023, “Method to Establish Sound and Acceleration Levels of High Pressure Reducing Valves,” ASME Open J. Eng. 2, p. 001000-1]. The purpose of this paper is to explain how such sound pressure levels are estimated. It is accomplished by adding the results of equations in sub-sectors A, B, and C, all in dBA. This gives the sound pressure of a given valve handling water and installed in a Schedule 40 steel pipe. Additional modifiers are shown to modify the ABC method results for other pipes or fluids. The method is open and entirely based on known fluid-mechanic and acoustic laws such as Newton’s and Lighthill’s. It is claimed that such methods will give prediction results superior to those expected using the current International Electrical Commission (IEC) Standard 60534-8-4 [Baumann, 1970, “On the Prediction of Aerodynamically Created Sound Pressure Levels of Control Valves,” ASME Paper WA/FE—28, Presented at the Annual ASME Winter Meeting, November]. A table is shown presenting test data which are compared to ABC method calculated values. Additional graphical information supporting such great prediction accuracy is also shown.
More than two components: complexities in bacterial phosphosignaling
Authors: Frando Andrew , Grundner Christoph 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

For over 40 years, the two-component systems (TCSs) have taken front and center in our thinking about the signaling mechanisms by which bacteria sense and respond to their environment. In contrast, phosphorylation on Ser/Thr and Tyr (
O
-phosphorylation) was long thought to be mostly restricted to eukaryotes and a somewhat accessory signaling mechanism in bacteria. Several recent studies exploring systems aspects of bacterial
O
-phosphorylation, however, now show that it is in fact pervasive, with some bacterial proteomes as highly phosphorylated as those of eukaryotes. Labile, non-canonical protein phosphorylation sites on Asp, Arg, and His are now also being identified in large numbers in bacteria and first cellular functions are discovered. Other phosphomodifications on Cys, Glu, and Lys remain largely unexplored. The surprising breadth and complexity of bacterial phosphosignaling reveals a vast signaling capacity, the full scope of which we may only now be beginning to understand but whose functions are likely to affect all aspects of bacterial physiology and pathogenesis.
Method of Inducible Knockdown of Essential Genes in OSC Cell Culture of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Marfina S. V. , Mikhaleva E. A. , Akulenko N. V. , Ryazansky S. S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
An RNA interference-based method was proposed to achieve an inducible knockdown of genes essential for cell viability. In the method, a genetic cassette in which a copper ion-dependent inducible metallothionein promoter controls expression of a siRNA precursor is inserted into a genomic pre-integrated transgene by CRIPSR/Cas9 technology. The endogenous siRNA source allows the gene knockdown in cell cultures that are refractory to conventional transfection with exogenous siRNA. The efficiency of the method was demonstrated in Drosophila ovarian somatic cell culture (OSC) for two genes that are essential for oogenesis: Cul3, encoding a component of the multiprotein ubiquitin-ligase complex with versatile functions in proteostasis, and cut, encoding a transcription factor regulating differentiation of ovarian follicular cells.
The rs2564978(T) Allele Associated with Severe Influenza A Disrupts the Binding Site for Myeloid Differentiation Factor PU.1 and Reduces CD55/DAF Gene Promoter Activity in Macrophages
Authors: Uvarova A. N. , Tkachenko E. A. , Stasevich E. M. , Bogomolova E. A. , Zheremyan E. A. , Kuprash D. V. , Korneev K. V. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The complement inhibitor CD55/DAF is expressed on many cell types. Dysregulation of CD55 expression is associated with increased disease severity in influenza A infection and vascular complications in pathologies that involve excessive activation of the complement system. A luciferase reporter system was used to functionally analyze the single nucleotide polymorphism rs2564978 in the U937 human promonocytic cell line. The polymorphism is in the promoter of the CD55 gene, and its minor allele T is associated with a severe course of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. A decreased activity of the CD55 promoter carrying the minor rs2564978(T) allele was observed in activated U937 cells, which provide a cell model of human macrophages. Using bioinformatics resources, PU.1 was identified as a potential transcription factor that may bind to the CD55 promoter at the rs2564978 site in an allele-specific manner. The involvement of PU.1 in modulating CD55 promoter activity was verified by a PU.1 genetic knockdown with small interfering RNAs under specific monocyte activation conditions.
Workshop summary: Kaons@CERN 2023
Authors: Anzivino G. , Cuendis Sergio Arguedas , Bernard V. , Bijnens J. , Bloch-Devaux B. , Bordone M. , Brizioli F. , Brod J. , Camalich J. M. , Ceccucci A. , Cenci P. , Christ N. H. , Colangelo G. , Cornella C. , Crivellin A. , D’Ambrosio G. , Deppisch F. F. , Dery A. , Dettori F. , Di Carlo M. , Döbrich B. , Engelfried J. , Fantechi R. , González-Alonso M. , Gorbahn M. , Goudzovski E. , Grossman Y. , Hermansson-Truedsson N. , Hives Z. , Hoferichter M. , Hoid B.-L. , Husek T. , Isidori G. , Jüttner A. , Kampf K. , Kholodenko S. , Knecht M. , Kolesár M. , Koval M. , Lazzeroni C. , Ligeti Z. , Mahmoudi F. , Marchevski R. , Santos Diego Martínez , Massri K. , Mombächer T. , Nanjo H. , Neshatpour S. , Nomura T. , Passemar E. , Peruzzo L. , Piccini M. , Pich A. , Sachrajda C. T. , Schacht S. , Shiomi K. , Stangl P. , Stoffer P. , Swallow J. , Tsang J. T. , Valencia G. , Wanke R. , Zupan J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractKaon physics is at a turning point – while the rare-kaon experiments NA62 and KOTO are in full swing, the end of their lifetime is approaching and the future experimental landscape needs to be defined. With HIKE, KOTO-II and LHCb-Phase-II on the table and under scrutiny, it is a very good moment in time to take stock and contemplate about the opportunities these experiments and theoretical developments provide for particle physics in the coming decade and beyond. This paper provides a compact summary of talks and discussions from the Kaons@CERN 2023 workshop, held in September 2023 at CERN.
Weyl–invariant scalar–tensor gravities from purely metric theories
Authors: Anastasiou Giorgos , Araya Ignacio J. , Chakraborty Avik 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe describe a method to generate scalar–tensor theories with Weyl symmetry, starting from arbitrary purely metric higher derivative gravity theories. The method consists in the definition of a conformally-invariant metric $$\hat{g}_{\mu \nu }$$

g
^

μ
ν

, that is a rank (0,2)-tensor constructed out of the metric tensor and the scalar field. This new object has zero conformal weight and is given by $$\phi ^{2/\Delta }g_{\mu \nu }$$

ϕ

2
/
Δ

g

μ
ν

, where $$(-\Delta )$$

(
-
Δ
)

is the conformal dimension of the scalar. As $$g_{\mu \nu }$$

g

μ
ν

has conformal dimension of 2, the resulting tensor is trivially a conformal invariant. Then, the generated scalar–tensor theory, which we call the Weyl uplift of the original purely metric theory, is obtained by replacing the metric by $$\hat{g}_{\mu \nu }$$

g
^

μ
ν

in the action that defines the original theory. This prescription allowed us to define the Weyl uplift of theories with terms of higher order in the Riemannian curvature. Furthermore, the prescription for scalar–tensor theories coming from terms that have explicit covariant derivatives in the Lagrangian is discussed. The same mechanism can also be used for the derivation of the equations of motion of the scalar–tensor theory from the original field equations in the Einstein frame. Applying this method of Weyl uplift allowed us to reproduce the known result for the conformal scalar coupling to Lovelock gravity and to derive that of Einsteinian cubic gravity. Finally, we show that the cancellation of the volume divergences in the theory given by the conformal scalar coupling to Einstein–Anti-de Sitter gravity is achieved by the Weyl uplift of the original theory augmented by counterterms, which is relevant in the framework of conformalrenormalization.
Topological dyonic black holes of massive gravity with generalized quasitopological electromagnetism
Authors: Ali Askar , Övgün Ali 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper we investigate new dyonic black holes of massive gravity sourced by generalized quasitopological electromagnetism in arbitrary dimensions. We begin by deriving the exact solution to the field equations defining these black holes and look at how graviton’s mass, dimensionality parameter, and quasitopological electromagnetic field affect the horizon structure of anti-de Sitter dyonic black holes. We also explore the asymptotic behaviour of the curvature invariants at both the origin and infinity to analyze the geometric structure of the resultant black holes. We also compute the conserved and thermodynamic quantities of these dyonic black holes with the help of established techniques and known formulas. After investigating the relevancy of first law, we look at how various parameters influence the local thermodynamic stability of resultant black hole solution. We also examine how thermal fluctuations affect the local stability of dyonic black holes in massive gravity. Finally, we study the shadow cast of the black hole.