bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability and validity of the CSSRD functional assessment survey in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Egger Marlene J. , Ward John R. , Karg Miki B. , Williams H. James , Reading James C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To demonstrate the reliability and validity characteristics of a fast, intensively focused functional assessment questionnaire that has been used in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials by the Cooperative Systematic Studies of Rheumatic Diseases group (CSSRD).Methods. Data from three double‐blind, controlled clinical trials by CSSRD were used to examine the properties of the Functional Assessment Survey as a measure of physiologic function.Results. The Functional Assessment Survey has reasonable test‐retest reliability and convergent validity with the Steinbrocker et al. functional class. It demonstrated appropriate divergent validity with other clinical measures of response, as well as discriminant validity.Conclusions. The CSSRD Functional Assessment Survey is brief, intensive, and focused. Reliability and validity characteristics have been documented.
The sense of coherence scale in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Callahan Leigh F. , Pincus Theodore 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To analyze Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence (SOC) Scale, in 828 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from 15 private rheumatology practices. This scale is designed to evaluate strengths within individuals that allow them to select appropriate strategies to deal with stressors; both the total 29‐item (SOC‐29) total scale and a 13‐item (SOC‐13) short form of the 29‐item scale were analyzed.Methods. Data were collected through mailed self‐report questionnaires as a component of a long‐term monitoring program. Internal consistency was evaluated according to Cronbach's alpha. Split‐halves reliability was estimated according to the Spearman‐Brown prophecy formula. Associations of the SOC‐29 and the SOC‐13 scale scores with demographic, clinical, and psychological variables were analyzed according to Pearson product moment correlations.Results. Lower SOC‐29 and SOC‐13 scale scores were correlated significantly with higher scores for difficulty in performing activities of daily living (ADL), a visual analog pain scale score, global health status, and perceived learned helplessness. The levels of correlation for these variables suggest that each measure represents a construct that differs from the SOC. Lower scale scores were also correlated significantly with fewer years of formal education, adjusted for age, sex, and disease duration.Conclusions. The SOC‐29 and SOC‐13 scales are reliable and valid in patients with RA. The SOC scale explained in part variation in clinical status in patients with RA. The SOC‐13 provides utility comparable to the SOC‐29 in patients with RA.
Predicting pain among children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Hagglund Kristofer J. , Schopp Laura M. , Alberts Kristin R. , Cassidy James T. , Frank Robert G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. Children and adolescents with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) often report pain as a major symptom that affects their daily activities. Little is known about the factors that contribute to pain, however. Demographic, disease status, and social‐psychologic variables were used to predict pain of JRA.Methods. Participants were 37 girls and 23 boys who were 7 to 17 years old. Measures included the Hopelessness Scale for Children, the Sadness Scale from the Differential Emotions Scale—IV, and the Social Support Questionnaire‐Revised. A pain visual analogue scale served as the criterion measure.Results. Reported pain was modestly correlated with disease duration and age. A hierarchical regression indicated that the predictor variables accounted for a modest amount of variance in pain scores.Conclusions. The results suggest that the factors contributing to pain in children with JRA are different from those in adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Research is needed to identify the psychologic and socioenvironmental variables that influence pain among children with JRA.
Self‐efficacy, pain, and physical activity among fibromyalgia subjects
Authors: Buckelew Susan P. , Murray Susan E. , Hewett John E. , Johnson Jane , Huyser Bruce 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPurpose.The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of self‐efficacy on self‐report pain and physical activities among subjects with fibromyalgia (FM). In addition, descriptive statistics of the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale (AIMS), a measure developed for use with arthritis patients, were reported.Methods.Seventy‐nine subjects with FM, as classified by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria, completed the Visual Analogue Scale for Pain, the AIMS, and the Arthritis Self‐Efficacy Scale. A myalgic score was obtained during a tender point evaluation. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to assess the effect of self‐efficacy on self‐report pain and physical activities measures after controlling for demographic variables (age, education, and symptom duration), disease severity (myalgic scores), and psychological distress (negative affect from the AIMS).Results.Higher self‐efficacy was associated with less pain and less impairment on the physical activities measure after controlling for demographic and disease severity measures.Conclusions.This study underscores the unique importance of self‐efficacy in understanding pain and physical activities impairment.
Predicting health care use among older osteoarthritis patients in an HMO
Authors: Cronan Terry A. , Shaw William S. , Gallagher Ruth A. , Weisman Michael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To determine factors that predict health care use among members of Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs). Demographic, health, and psychological factors were examined simultaneously.Methods. Participants were HMO members 60 years of age or older who had osteoarthritis (OA). All participants reported symptoms of OA, with 90% of the diagnoses confirmed by evaluation of physician records.Results. Age, the presence of other medical conditions, quality of well‐being, and the Health Worries subscale from the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales accounted for 11.2% of the total variance in health care contacts. A model including prior health care use, age, quality of well‐being, physical impairment, and pain accounted for 29.5% of the variance in utilization rates.Conclusion. The best single predictor of health care utilization was prior use of the system. Being older, more impaired, and having lower well‐being scores were also predictors of health care use.
Relative contributions of spousal support and illness appraisals to depressed mood in arthritis patients
Authors: Schiaffino Kathleen M. , Revenson Tracey A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To examine the ability of cognitive appraisals of illness and spousal support to modify depressed mood in arthritis patients.Methods. Psychosocial data were collected from 64 married patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) within 2 years of diagnosis and at an 18–month fol‐lowup.Results. The interaction of challenge appraisals with positive support received from the spouse was related to changes in depression over time. There was an increase in depression as challenge appraisals increased when accompanied by greater receipt of positive support, whereas individuals who did not experience a sense of challenge in response to the diagnosis of RA had the lowest levels of residualized depression when they also received higher positive support from their spouses at the beginning of the study.Conclusion. The results are considered in terms of the cognitive‐behavioral mediation model suggested by Kerns and associates concerning the relationship of chronic pain to depression and have implications for interventions aimed at arthritis patients and their spouses.
Health‐related quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis in a family practice setting
Authors: De Bock G. H. , Kaptein A. A. , Touw‐Otten F. , Mulder J. D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To study the impact of osteoarthritis (OA) on all areas of a patient's health‐related quality of life.Methods. The Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) was administered to a group of patients with OA selected from a family medicine setting. The results were compared to a reference population, stratified by age, and adjusted for sex.Results. OA was associated with significant impairment, and had an important impact on, health‐related quality of life in the areas of ambulation, body care and movement, emotional behavior, sleep and rest, home management, and work, especially in patients ages 41–60. The older patients differed less from the controls than did the younger ones. Items that contributed to the differences between OA patients and controls were mainly related to physical limitations.Conclusion. Most dysfunctions related to OA are physical.
Concordant and discrepant views of patients' physical functioning
Authors: Berkanovic Emil , Hurwicz Margo‐Lea , Lachenbruch Peter A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. Although considerable research has been done on patient‐physician interaction, few studies have examined discrepancies between patients and physicians in their assessments of the patient's physical functioning. One recent study reports such discrepancies between rheumatologists and 41 % of their rheumatoid arthritis patients. This article reports data replicating that study and examining the relationships between such discrepancies and a number of other variables.Methods. This is a longitudinal study of 158 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who were interviewed 4 times over a 2‐year period and who reported their levels of physical functioning on the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales. At the time of the fourth interview, the rheumatologists rated each patient's physical functioning on the revised criteria published by the American College of Rheumatology.Results. Rheumatologists' assessments of their patients' physical functioning were discrepant with the patient's assessment for 35% of these patients. Twenty‐seven patients were rated as worse than they rated themselves and 28 were rated as better. There were no differences between the concordant and the two discrepant groups in demographic or health status characteristics.Conclusions. Taken together, these data imply that it is important for physicians to verify their perceptions with the patient and that it is important for patients to verify that the physician understands them correctly.
Use of commercially produced elastic wrist orthoses in chronic arthritis: A controlled study
Authors: Kjeken Ingvild , Møller Greta , Kvien Tore K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To examine the efficacy of wrist or‐thoses on pain, motion, and function of the wrist.Methods. Consecutive patients were randomized to a treatment group using wrist orthoses or to a control group using no wrist orthoses, in a prospective, controlled, 6‐month study.Results. Changes in wrist joint variables and general disease activity variables were not statistically different between the orthosis group (n = 36) and the control group (n = 33). Patients in the orthosis group had 25% and 12% improvements in grip strength and pinch grip and 50% reduction in pain while using the wrist orthosis.Conclusion. Use of wrist orthoses improves function and reduces pain, but has no effects after 6 months, compared to a control group, on measures of local or general disease activity.
Musculoskeletal complications of systemic lupus erythematosus in the hopkins lupus cohort: An update
Authors: Petri Michelle 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To determine the frequency of musculoskeletal system damage among patients in the Hopkins Lupus Cohort, over time, and to determine predictors of musculoskeletal damage [including avascular necrosis of bone, osteoporosis, and fracture] in the same cohort.Methods. Evaluation of the cohort visit database [from 1989 or at the time of entry into the cohort if later than 1989] for the 407 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE]. Musculoskeletal damage was measured by the SLICC/ACR Damage Index.Results. Total damage and musculoskeletal damage accumulated from the time of diagnosis of SLE, and musculoskeletal damage continued over time, with avascular necrosis of bone being the most common form. African‐Americans and SLE patients of lower socioeconomic status were more likely to experience musculoskeletal damage. Use of corticosteroids was a major risk factor for both avascular necrosis of bone and osteoporosis.Conclusio. Musculoskeletal damage remains one of the major sequela of SLE. Reduction of the modifiable risk factors [especially prednisone dose] is the key to both primary and secondary prevention efforts.
Physical fitness and work capacity in women with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Minor Marian A. , Hewett John E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To investigate physical fitness and work capacity in women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods. The 42 subjects were a subset of a prospective trial of conditioning exercise in rheumatic disease. Assignment to an exercise or nonexercise group was determined by proximity to the intervention, a 3‐month supervised group exercise program. Physical fitness and work capacity were assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 12 months.Results. At baseline, subjects were deconditioned and limited in hand function, lifting ability, and lower extremity mobility. Only the exercise group improved their aerobic capacity and exercise tolerance. There were no significant changes in measured work capacity in either group. Moderate to strong correlations were found between aerobic capacity. mobility, hand function, and work capacity. Grip strength was a strong and consistent correlate of work capacity.Conclusion. Our findings suggest that physical capacity, particularly hand function, may be important in the complex phenomenon of work disability in RA.
Health insurance problems among insured rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Reisine Susan , Fifield Judith 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To describe limitations in insurance coverage and their financial impact among a sample of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.Methods. A national sample of RA patients followed since 1988, completed a telephone interview about health insurance coverage, experiences with preexisting conditions clauses, and the financial impact of arthritis. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression techniques were used to analyze the demographics and health status data.Results. Trends in insurance coverage among people in this sample showed that participants were more likely to be in an HMO or PPO currently than 5 years previously. A majority of participants (67%) experienced financial impact from arthritis; 35% said that arthritis limited their ability to earn a living. Twenty‐one percent had some insurance limitation because of arthritis as a preexisting condition. Eleven percent had been denied insurance. Those who had higher scores on the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire, were younger, were covered by Blue Cross/ Blue Shield, and were more likely to be affected by a preexisting condition limitation.Conclusion. The data clearly indicate that even well‐insured RA patients receiving care from rheumatologists experience limitations related to preexisting conditions and considerable financial impact.
A comparison of recruitment methods for an osteoarthritis exercise study
Authors: Maurer Brian T. , Moreno Steven I. , Pickard Amy R. , Wurst Brooke E. , Norden Daniel K. , Schumacher H. Ralph 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. Patient recruitment often involves a great deal of effort and cost. We sought to determine successful recruitment methods for an osteoarthritis (OA) exercise study, and to subsequently focus on using those approaches.Methods. Eleven methods were developed to recruit subjects for this large research project. Financial constraints ensured that we focused on low‐cost measures. Over a 20‐month period, the numbers of both total respondents and eventual participants were recorded.Results. Responses were recorded for 263 individuals, and 108 subjects entered the study. The most successful recruitment method was via physician referrals from affiliated clinics. In general, methods that were free of direct cost seemed no less successful than those requiring expenditures.Conclusion. Successful subject recruitment, even for a large study, may not require costly advertising. Direct contact and frequent reminders rendered to our own clinics proved most effective, but other free and low‐cost approaches were also of benefit.
Predictors of blood loss during total hip replacement surgery
Authors: Grosflam Jodi M. , Wright Elizabeth A. , Cleary Paul D. , Katz Jeffrey N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To determine total blood loss and transfusion requirements during primary total hip replacement (THR) surgery; and, to identify predictors of increased blood loss.Methods. This was a prospective cohort study of 295 consecutive patients undergoing primary THR at α 700‐bed teaching hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. The main outcome measures were the total blood loss, which was defined (in units) as the initial hematocrit minus final hematocrit divided by 3 plus the number of units transfused, and the number of autologous and homologous units of blood transfused.Results. The mean total blood loss was 3.6 units, and the mean total units transfused was 2.1. Univariate predictors of greater total blood loss (at P < 0.05) included being male, receiving general anesthesia, and higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class. In multiple linear regression models which controlled for demographic and clinical variables (age, race, marital status, education, smoking history, obesity, underlying disease, payor status, cemented prosthesis, comorbidity, and season of operation), being male, receiving general anesthesia, and having an ASA score of 3 predicted greater total blood loss.Conclusion. Preoperative characteristics can help determine which patients should donate either more or less than the customary 2 units of blood.
Association of radiographic features of osteoarthritis of the knee with knee pain: Data from the baltimore longitudinal study of aging
Authors: Lethbridge‐Çejku Margaret , Scott William W. , Reichle Ralph , Ettinger Walter H. , Zonderman Alan , Costa Paul , Plato Chris C. , Tobin Jordan D. , Hochberg Marc C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To examine the association between selfreported knee pain and radiographic features of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee.Methods. A sample of participants in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (452 Caucasian males and 223 Caucasian females) completed questionnaires and underwent a standing radiograph of both knees at the same biennial visit between 1984 and 1989. Radiographs were interpreted using both the Kellgren‐Lawrence and individual features scales. Odds ratios were calculated for the association of radiographic features with knee pain after adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index.Results. Overall, 156 (23%) persons reported ever having knee pain, and 104 (15%) reported current knee pain (within the previous year). Both ever knee pain and current knee pain were significantly associated with the presence of definite knee OA (Kellgren‐Lawrence grade ≥2) and with the presence of all individual features. There was a direct relationship between all measures of severity of radiographic OA and knee pain.Conclusion. These data demonstrate that radiographic features of knee OA are significantly associated with knee pain. The data also support the continued use of the Kellgren‐Lawrence grading scale for defining knee OA in population studies.
Concurrent validity of the health assessment questionnaire disability index in scleroderma
Authors: Poole Janet L. , Williams Catherine A. , Bloch Daniel A. , Hollak Brooke , Spitz Patricia 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To establish the concurrent validity of the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) Disability Index in systemic sclerosis (SSc; scleroderma).Methods. Eighty subjects with SSc completed the HAQ Disability Index questionnaire. An occupational therapist, who was blind to the subjects' responses, observed each subject's performance on 10 of the items.Results. Paired t‐tests showed significant differences between the observer and subjects' responses for tying shoes, buttoning, gripping, and walking. Intra‐class correlations between observer and subjects ranged from 0.38 to 0.76.Conclusion. The results support the validity of the HAQ Disability Index in patients with systemic sclerosis.
Women, men, and osteoarthritis
Authors: Verbrugge Lois M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectives and Methods. Gender differences in the prevalence and impact of arthritis are discussed, using data and analytic results from national health surveys.Results. Most cases of arthritis are osteoarthritis, an ancient disease that causes pain, physical dysfunction, and social disability, but not death. Arthritis prevalence rates rise sharply with age; it is the leading chronic condition in mid and late life. Women's rates exceed men's at all ages. Women's higher rates of disability and medical services for arthritis in the population are due mainly to higher prevalence. Among persons with arthritis, women are only a little more likely than men to be disabled or receive medical services. Persons with arthritis often have other chronic conditions as well (called comorbidity). Combining arthritis and visual problems gives a strong exacerbating push to disability.Conclusions. Because biomedical research emphasizes pathogenesis and therapies for fatal conditions, Americans' health future will become dominated by nonfatal ones, especially arthritis. I recommend a better balance and new orientation for arthritis research that stays true to older persons' health and disability experience.
Mortality in the rheumatic diseases
Authors: Callahan Leigh F. , Pincus Theodore 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To review mortality data in published studies of various rheumatic diseases.Methods. A MEDLINE search of the literature on the rheumatic diseases, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, polymyositis, and vasculitis.Results. Mortality rates higher than expected have been reported in most rheumatic conditions, considerably higher for inflammatory rheumatic diseases. The mortality rates in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, polymyositis, and vasculitis are often comparable to mortality rates seen in patients with neoplastic or cardiovascular diseases, although the causes of death often are not identified as the rheumatic disease.Conclusion. Mortality has been found to be predicted in most instances by more severe clinical status, and therefore death should not be considered as “unrelated” to the rheumatic disease. These observations may have important implications for clinical care and health policies regarding patients with rheumatic diseases.