bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of steroid drugs on orthodontically induced root resorption
Authors: Verna C , Hartig LE , Kalia S , Melsen B 
Published: January 2006

Structured AbstractAuthors –  Verna C, Hartig LE, Kalia S, Melsen BObjectives –  To investigate the effect of acute and chronic corticosteroid treatment on orthodontically induced root resorption.Design –  ‘Split mouth’ design performing orthodontic tooth movement in 64, 6‐month‐old male rats divided into three groups: acute (n = 22), chronic (n = 23) and control group (n = 19). Acute and chronic group received corticosteroid treatment (8 mg/kg/day) for 3 and 7 weeks, respectively, while no pharmacological treatment was performed in the control group. Performed at the Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.Experimental variable –  The upper left first molar was moved mesially for 21 days in all three groups with 25 g of force. Undecalcified histological sections were cut at the coronal and apical level.Outcome measure –  The number of intersections hitting resorption lacunae (ES), defined as a scalloped surface with or without cementoclasts, over the total number of intersections hitting the root surface (RS) were recorded and expressed as percentage.Results –  The acute group showed significantly more root resorption at the mesio‐coronal level compared with the control and the chronic group.Conclusion –  This could be ascribed to the lack of balance between blastic activities (inhibited by the drug) and the clastic activities (enhanced or unchanged by drug administration) occurring in the initial phase of drug administration. As a consequence, a careful monitoring of patients undergoing acute corticosteroid treatment is suggested.
Management of Honeymoon Impotence
Authors: Shamloul Rany 
Published: January 2006

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Honeymoon impotence can be defined as the failure to be successfully involved in sexual intercourse at the beginning of marriage, particularly in the first few nights. While its exact causes are not yet elucidated, many studies recognize this problem as related to performance anxiety.

Aim
The aim of this study was to report the outcome of management of patients with honeymoon impotence.

Methods and Main Outcome Measures
This study included 100 consecutive patients presenting to our department complaining of failed sexual intercourse since the beginning of their marriage. History taking, completion of the abridged form of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaire, and combined intracavernous injection and stimulation and nocturnal penile tumescence monitoring were performed. Penile duplex was performed to elucidate vascular insufficiency. All psychogenic patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) were treated with sildenafil and sex therapy. All organic ED patients were treated either with sildenafil alone or combined therapy with either intracavernous prostaglandin E1 or vacuum constriction device.

Results
Seventy-four patients had psychogenic ED and 26 patients had vasculogenic ED. All psychogenic ED patients were treated successfully with sildenafil and sex therapy. Twenty-two patients with vasculogenic ED were treated successfully with sildenafil or combined therapy, while four patients needed venous surgery. Minimal side effects of all treatment modalities occurred throughout the study.

Conclusions
Management of honeymoon impotence requires profound diagnosis of its causative factors. Treating physicians in areas with high prevalence of this condition should be ready to manage this problem with vigilant systematic overture. A combined approach of sildenafil and sex therapy proved highly effective in treatment of honeymoon impotence of psychogenic origin; however, controlled studies are needed. Other patients showing functional erectile abnormalities should be treated accordingly.
A Simple Noninvasive Test to Detect Vascular Disease in Patients with Erectile Dysfunction: A Novel Method
Authors: Alkhayal Shawket , Lehmann Victoria , Thomas Philip 
Published: January 2006

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The association between erectile dysfunction (ED) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is becoming increasingly evident. Both conditions are thought to share a common denominator, which is endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, testing endothelial function in ED patients may serve to detect vascular disease in this cohort of patients.

Aims
To investigate whether measuring the reactive hyperemic response (RHR) of the forearm vessels through a simple noninvasive method could identify vascular disease in patients with ED.

Patients and Methods
Forty-eight male subjects were recruited into the study, 35 of whom presented to the sexual dysfunction clinic with a complaint of ED, and 13 healthy subjects served as a control group. The ED patients were subdivided into two groups, according to the presence or absence of CVD or its risk factors. The RHR of the forearm vessels was measured noninvasively in all subjects by using a handheld Doppler device.

Results
Significant reduction in the peak systolic velocity ration was observed in ED patients with concomitant CVD or risk factors in comparison with the other ED patients with no CVD or risk factors and the control group. Results were highly significant on both occasions (P &lt; 0.001). The 50% recovery time was not significantly different between any of the groups (P &gt; 0.05).

Conclusion
Our results suggest that those patients with impaired RHR have an abnormality in their vascular system, which is likely to be the cause of their ED and CVD. Using this simple noninvasive method can help to identify vascular disease in ED patients. It can also be used to suggest vascular disease in any patient, where further tests might be indicated.
CCR2 allele polymorphisms in 15 Chinese ethnic populations
Authors: Zhang X. L. , Zhang C. Y. , Yu Y. , Chen F. , Li P. , Fu S. B. 
Published: January 2006

SummaryChemokine receptor‐2 (CCR2) is a co‐receptor for the entry of human immunodeficiency virus‐1 (HIV‐1) into the target cells. A mutation in CCR2 (CCR2‐64I) exhibited a protective effect to delay the progression of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). To study the mutant frequency and polymorphism of CCR2 in Chinese populations, 1082 individuals from 15 Chinese populations distributing widely from north to south were collected. The genotypes of CCR2‐64I were determined by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) with the digestion of restriction endonuclease FokI. Of the 1082 individuals, 352 (32.53%) were carriers of CCR2‐64I allele, 257 of whom (23.75%) were heterozygotes (CCR2‐64V/I), whereas 95 (8.78%) were homozygotes (CCR2‐64V/V). The frequency of the CCR2‐64I allele in those tested individuals was 20.66%. This prevalence of CCR2‐64I was higher than what was known for American and European populations. Moreover, the frequencies of CCR2‐64I were generally higher in northern China than they were in southern China, and the frequencies had significant variance in 15 populations of China (χ2 = 27.135, P = 0.018).
Association between ICAM‐1 Gly‐Arg polymorphism and renal parenchymal scarring following childhood urinary tract infection
Authors: Gbadegesin R. A. , Cotton S. A. , Watson C. J. , Brenchley P. E. C. , Webb N. J. A. 
Published: January 2006

SummaryRenal parenchymal scarring (RPS) following urinary tract infection (UTI) is an important cause of renal morbidity in children. Studies have shown that the intensity of the inflammatory response following infection is related to the risk of RPS. However, genetic variability in this response has not been studied. Adhesion molecules play a crucial role in leucocyte recruitment following infection, and polymorphisms have been reported in the genes for key cell adhesion molecules. We have investigated the possibility that children who develop RPS following UTI may exhibit altered genotype or allele frequencies for polymorphisms of the intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) (exons 4 and 6), E‐selectin (exons 2 and 4), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule‐1 (PECAM‐1) (exon 3) and CD11b (3′UTR) genes, which may predict outcome of UTI. DNA was isolated from 99 children shown to have developed RPS, 43 children with no evidence of scarring (NS) following UTI and 170 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. When the RPS group was compared with the NS group, there was a significant reduction in the frequency of the ICAM‐1 exon 4 A allele (10.6 vs. 21.3%, respectively, χ2= 6.01, P= 0.014). There was no significant difference in either allele or genotype frequency for any of the other polymorphisms studied. These data suggest that the A allele of the ICAM‐1 exon 4 polymorphism may protect against the risk of RPS following UTI and may participate in the regulation of the inflammatory response following UTI.
Promoter polymorphism rs3087456 in the MHC class II transactivator gene is not associated with susceptibility for selected autoimmune diseases in German patient groups
Authors: Akkad D. A. , Jagiello P. , Szyld P. , Goedde R. , Wieczorek S. , Gross W. L. , Epplen J. T. 
Published: January 2006

SummaryWe analysed whether the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3087456 in the promoter of the MHC class II transactivator (MHC2TA) gene is associated with manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, narcolepsy and Wegener granulomatosis. The recently reported association in a northern population of the MHC2TA variation with these autoimmune diseases is not evident in the German population.
Structure in the radio counterpart to the 2004 December 27 giant flare from SGR 1806–20
Authors: Fender R. P. , Muxlow T. W. B. , Garrett M. A. , Kouveliotou C. , Gaensler B. M. , Garrington S. T. , Paragi Z. , Tudose V. , Miller-Jones J. C. A. , Spencer R. E. , Wijers R. A. M. , Taylor G. B. 
Published: January 2006

Abstract
On 2004 December 27, the magnetar SGR 1806-20 underwent an enormous outburst resulting in the formation of an expanding, moving, and fading radio source. We report observations of this radio source with the Multi-Element Radio-Linked Interferometer Network and the Very Long Baseline Array. The observations confirm the elongation and expansion already reported based on observations at lower angular resolutions, but suggest that at early epochs the structure is not consistent with the very simplest models such as a smooth flux distribution. In particular, there appears to be significant structure on small angular scales, with ∼10 per cent of the radio flux arising on angular scales ⩽100 milliarcsec. This structure may correspond to localized sites of particle acceleration during the early phases of expansion and interaction with the ambient medium.
On the Mechanism of Stick and Nonstick, Periodic Motions in a Periodically Forced, Linear Oscillator With Dry Friction
Authors: Luo Albert C. J. , Gegg Brandon C. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractIn this paper, the dynamics mechanism of stick and nonstick motion for a dry-friction oscillator is discussed. From the theory of Luo in 2005 [Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul., 10, pp. 1–55], the conditions for stick and nonstick motions are achieved. The stick and nonstick periodic motions are predicted analytically through the appropriate mapping structures. The local stability and bifurcation conditions for such periodic motions are obtained. The stick motions are illustrated through the displacement, velocity, and force responses. This investigation provides a better understanding of stick and nonstick motions of the linear oscillator with dry friction. The methodology presented in this paper is applicable to oscillators with nonlinear friction forces.
Free Vibration of Thermally Buckled Composite Sandwich Plates
Authors: Shiau Le-Chung , Kuo Shih-Yao 
Published: January 2006

Abstract
A high precision triangular plate element is developed for the free vibration analysis of thermally buckled composite sandwich plates. Due to an uneven thermal expansion in the two principal material directions, the buckling mode of the plate may change from one pattern to another in the postbuckling region for certain fiber orientation and aspect ratio of the plate. Because of this buckle pattern change, the sequence of natural frequencies of the plate is also suddenly altered. By examining the buckling and free vibration modes of the plate, a clear picture of buckle pattern change and vibration mode shifting is presented. Numerical results show that if the shape of a free vibration mode is similar to the plate buckling mode then the natural frequency of that mode will drop to zero when the temperature reaches the buckling temperature.
Burnout as a predictor of self-reported sickness absence among human service workers: prospective findings from three year follow up of the PUMA study
Authors: Borritz M , Rugulies R , Christensen K B , Villadsen E , Kristensen T S 
Published: January 2006

Aim:To investigate whether burnout predicts sickness absence days and sickness absence spells in human service workers.Method:A total of 824 participants from an ongoing prospective study in different human service sector organisations were eligible for the three year follow up analysis. Burnout was measured with the work related burnout scale of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. Sickness absence was measured with self-reported number of days and spells during the last 12 months before the baseline and the follow up survey. A Poisson regression model with a scale parameter was used to account for over dispersion. A linear regression model was used for analysing changes in burnout and absence between baseline and follow up.Results:Burnout was prospectively associated with both sickness absence days and sickness absence spells per year. Differences in sickness absence days varied from a mean of 5.4 days per year in the lowest quartile of the work related burnout scale to a mean of 13.6 in the highest quartile. An increase of one standard deviation on the work related burnout scale predicted an increase of 21% in sickness absence days per year (rate ratio 1.21, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.32) after adjusting for gender, age, organisation, socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, family status, having children under 7 years of age, and prevalence of diseases. Regarding sickness absence spells, an increase of one standard deviation on the work related burnout scale predicted an increase of 9% per year (rate ratio 1.09, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.17). Changes in burnout level from baseline to follow up were positively associated with changes in sickness absence days (estimate 1.94 days/year, SE 0.63) and sickness absence spell (estimate 0.34 spells/year, SE 0.08).Conclusion:The findings indicate that burnout predicts sickness absence. Reducing burnout is likely to reduce sickness absence.
Acute effects of force and vibration on finger blood flow
Authors: Bovenzi M , Welsh A J L , Della Vedova A , Griffin M J 
Published: January 2006

Objectives:To investigate the effects of contact force at the finger on acute changes in finger circulation during exposure to vibration.Methods:Each of 10 subjects attended 11 sessions in which they experienced five successive experimental 5-minute periods: (i) no force and no vibration; (ii) force and no vibration; (iii) force and vibration; (iv) force and no vibration; (v) no force and no vibration. During periods (ii) to (iv), the intermediate phalanx of the right middle finger applied one of two forces (2 N or 5 N) on a platform that vibrated during period (iii) at one of two frequencies: 31.5 Hz (at 4 or 16 ms−2r.m.s.) or 125 Hz (at 16 or 64 ms−2r.m.s.). Finger blood flow was measured in the exposed right middle finger, the unexposed right little finger, and the unexposed left middle fingers throughout the 25 minutes of each session.Results:The application of force alone caused a reduction in finger blood flow in the exposed finger, but not other fingers. There were additional reductions in finger blood flow caused by vibration, with greater reductions at the higher vibration magnitudes at both frequencies but no difference between the two frequencies when using unweighted acceleration. The vibration caused a similar vasoconstriction in vibrated and non-vibrated fingers.Conclusions:Modest levels of force applied by a finger can have a large effect on the finger blood flow, possibly due to the constriction of local blood vessels. The acute vascular effects of vibration cause additional reductions in finger blood flow that are not limited to the finger experiencing force and vibration. In all fingers (exposed and not exposed to vibration), the greater the magnitude of vibration, the greater the reduction in finger blood flow. In all fingers (exposed and not exposed to vibration), when the vibration was frequency weighted according to current standards, 125 Hz vibration caused greater reductions in finger blood flow than 31.5 Hz vibration.
Promoting excellent work ability and preventing poor work ability: the same determinants? Results from the Swedish HAKuL study
Authors: Lindberg P , Josephson M , Alfredsson L , Vingård E 
Published: January 2006

Aim:Health has been described as a continuum between the two poles of excellent health and ill health. Research has so far focused on the negative pole, leaving knowledge about the positive pole vague. With a main focus on working life, the authors aim was to identify determinants promoting excellent work ability and determinants preventing poor work ability.Methods:5638 (73% answering rate) employees in the public sector in Sweden answered a questionnaire both at baseline and at follow up 18 months later. The employees were divided into three groups based on sick leave at follow up: excellent work ability (13%), poor work ability (15%), and a middle group (72%). Self reported sociodemographic data, lifestyle data, and working life exposures at baseline were fitted into logistic regression models to determine which factors, if any, promoted excellent work ability or protected against poor work ability.Results:Some determinants were mutual, but more than half of the determinants in the final model were associated solely with promoting excellent work ability or preventing poor work ability, thus creating different patterns of associations. Promotion of excellent work ability seemed more dependent on physical factors, clear work tasks, and positive feedback, while prevention of poor work ability seemed more dependent on job security and psychosocial factors.Conclusions:This explorative longitudinal study showed slightly different patterns of determinants promoting excellent work ability and preventing poor work ability. As most of the identified determinants are amenable to influence, our results open up the possibility of interventions for promoting excellent work ability and preventing poor work ability.
Parkinson’s disease and other basal ganglia or movement disorders in a large nationwide cohort of Swedish welders
Authors: Fored C M , Fryzek J P , Brandt L , Nise G , Sjögren B , McLaughlin J K , Blot W J , Ekbom A 
Published: January 2006

Introduction:Although it has been hypothesised that metal welding and flame cutting are associated with an increased risk for Parkinson’s disease due to manganese released in the welding fume, few rigorous cohort studies have evaluated this risk.Methods:The authors examined the relation between employment as a welder and all basal ganglia and movement disorders (ICD-10, G20–26) in Sweden using nationwide and population based registers. All men recorded as welders or flame cutters (n = 49 488) in the 1960 or 1970 Swedish National Census were identified and their rates of specific basal ganglia and movement disorders between 1964 and 2003 were compared with those in an age and geographical area matched general population comparison cohort of gainfully employed men (n = 489 572).Results:The overall rate for basal ganglia and movement disorders combined was similar for the welders and flame cutters compared with the general population (adjusted rate ratio (aRR) = 0.91 (95% CI 0.81 to 1.01). Similarly, the rate ratio for PD was 0.89 (95% CI 0.79 to 0.99). Adjusted rate ratios for other individual basal ganglia and movement disorders were also not significantly increased or decreased. Further analyses of Parkinson’s disease by attained age, time period of follow up, geographical area of residency, and educational level revealed no significant differences between the welders and the general population. Rates for Parkinson’s disease among welders in shipyards, where exposures to welding fumes are higher, were also similar to the general population (aRR = 0.95; 95% CI 0.70 to 1.28).Conclusion:This nationwide record linkage study offers no support for a relation between welding and Parkinson’s disease or any other specific basal ganglia and movement disorders.
The Possible Role of EWS-Fli1 in Evasion of Senescence in Ewing Family Tumors
Authors: Matsunobu Tomoya , Tanaka Kazuhiro , Nakamura Tomoyuki , Nakatani Fumihiko , Sakimura Riku , Hanada Masuo , Li Xu , Okada Takamitsu , Oda Yoshinao , Tsuneyoshi Masazumi , Iwamoto Yukihide 
Published: January 2006

Abstract
The chromosomal translocation t(11;22) yields the EWS-Fli1 fusion gene and is associated with oncogenesis of Ewing family tumors (EFT). In this study, using the RNA interference method, we show that EWS-Fli1–targeting small interfering RNAs (siRNA) depleted EWS-Fli1 protein and caused growth inhibition in EFT cells with the accumulation of p27 protein and the down-regulation of Skp2 protein in dose-dependent, time-dependent, and sequence-specific manners. Depletion of EWS-Fli1 subacutely elicited a senescence-like phenotype, but not apoptosis, in EFT cells. Furthermore, not only the knockdown of p27, but also the forced expression of Skp2, reduced the expression levels of p27 protein and partially rescued senescence-like phenotype caused by EWS-Fli1–targeting siRNAs. The accumulation of p27 protein in EWS-Fli1–depleted cells inhibited cdk2 kinase activity and was related to the stability of p27 protein, which resulted from a decrease in Skp2 protein. Immunohistochemical analysis of p27 and Skp2 proteins in EFT samples revealed that there was an inverse relationship between the expression profiles of p27 and Skp2 proteins. These findings indicate an important role of EWS-Fli1 in the prevention of senescence, leading to the unlimited growth and oncogenesis of EFT cells through a decrease in the stability of p27 protein due to increased action of Skp2-mediated 26S proteasome degradation. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(2): 803-11)