bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness and safety of medical masks in the prevention of respiratory infections: a review
Authors: Yang Wenhao , Liu Jian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWearing face masks, the critical measure of non-pharmacological intervention (NPI), should not be underestimated in preventing the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The challenge for public health persists with various respiratory pathogens in post-COVID-19. Theoretically, promoting wearing masks will continue to be beneficial for public health. This review summarizes the views of studies on the efficacy and safety of mask-wearing in adults and children to prevent respiratory infections. It aims to provide further information that could benefit government decisions on respiratory infection epidemic control. Adherence is the key factor for the effectiveness of mask-wearing for preventing respiratory infections in adults and children, and it must be given high priority when conducting research to validate the effectiveness of masks or making relevant public decisions. The safety effects of mask-wearing include physiological and psychological. The physiological effects could be moderate during short-term mask-wearing, while the safety problems in long-term mask-wearing are required to be further explored. There is no clear evidence of the adverse physiological effects of mask use in children. However, the disadvantage of mask use in children under 2 years of age warrants vigilance. The psychological repercussions of mask-wearing in adults primarily manifest as emotional discomfort, varying across different cultural contexts. The influence of mask-wearing on children’s psychological and social development requires more research, and it should be paid high attention in government decision-making processes.
Urine Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Metabolites and Risk of End-stage Kidney Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Liu Jian-Jun , Liu Sylvia , Zheng Huili , Lee Janus , Gurung Resham L , Chan Clara , Lee Lye Siang , Ang Keven , Ching Jianhong , Kovalik Jean-Paul , Tavintharan Subramaniam , Sum Chee Fang , Sharma Kumar , Coffman Thomas M , Lim Su Chi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Context
Metabolites in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) pathway have pleiotropic functions.

Objective
To study the association between urine TCA cycle metabolites and the risk for chronic kidney disease progression in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Design, setting and participants
A prospective study in a discovery (n = 1826) and a validation (n = 1235) cohort of people with type 2 diabetes in a regional hospital and a primary care facility

Exposure and Outcome
Urine lactate, pyruvate, citrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, succinate, fumarate, and malate were measured by mass spectrometry. Chronic kidney disease progression was defined as a composite of sustained estimated glomerular filtration rate below 15 mL/min/1.73 m2, dialysis, renal death, or doubling of serum creatinine.

Results
During a median of 9.2 (interquartile range 8.1-9.7) and 4.0 (3.2-5.1) years of follow-up, 213 and 107 renal events were identified. Cox regression suggested that urine lactate, fumarate, and malate were associated with an increased risk (adjusted hazard ratio, [95% CI] 1.63 [1.16-2.28], 1.82 [1.17-2.82], and 1.49 [1.05-2.11], per SD), whereas citrate was associated with a low risk (aHR 0.83 [0.72-0.96] per SD) for the renal outcome after adjustment for cardiorenal risk factors. These findings were reproducible in the validation cohort. Noteworthy, fumarate and citrate were independently associated with the renal outcome after additional adjustment for other metabolites.

Conclusion
Urine fumarate and citrate predict the risk for progression to end-stage kidney disease independent of clinical risk factors and other urine metabolites. These 2 metabolites in TCA cycle pathway may play important roles in the pathophysiological network, underpinning progressive loss of kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Recalcitrant Lifeworlds
Authors: Majumdar Aparajita 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article analyzes how a failed rubber crop from the plantations of British India became indispensable to the shaping of Indigenous ecologies in the India-Bangladesh borderlands. While a growing scholarship focuses on plants that became profitable within plantation histories, this article instead shows that failed commodity crops like Ficus elastica, locally known as Jri Bamon in Meghalaya, India, exhibited recalcitrance to a range of state and scientific regimes. In an argument that disrupts the European-centered narrative about the triumphant expansion of knowledge and territory, the author introduces “recalcitrance” as an interspecies co-laboring between humans and plants, unknowable through botanical and capitalist practices emerging in a colonial context. Drawing on archival and ethnographic research, the article first studies the nineteenth-century colonial frontier in Assam in British India, where Jri Bamon was molded as a rubber crop in the plantation regimes. Second, it studies the present-day Indigenous ecologies of the Khasi Hills in Meghalaya, near India’s international border with Bangladesh, where this tree is historically grown as an infrastructure of mobility, called the living root bridge. The recalcitrant materiality of Jri Bamon surfaces through each of these human-plant encounters, providing pathways for those who would engage with it on its own terms.
An Ecology of Morality
Authors: Vu Yen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Exiled writer Dương Thu Hương is one of the most renowned contemporary female writers of Vietnam, famed also for her criticism of the Communist Party. In her works The Zenith (2007) and Paradise of the Blind (1993), translated and published abroad, she uses the recurring themes of excess and deficit to comment on the political deterioration of the state, a tragic reality that began just years after gaining independence from France. The hunger that ravages the villages is countered by the ironic gluttony of ghosts, and the performative asceticism practiced by party members only masks the actual greed underlying their political decisions. On one level, this article examines how the politics of excess, playing with different human virtues and vices, reveals a deep irony in the governing systems of Vietnam and the rhetoric of independence. On another, it also points out how Duong Thu Huong uses karmic energy as a narrative force which mercilessly punishes, humiliates, and educates, ultimately promising a restoration of equilibrium. The article argues that ecocritical engagements with Southeast Asian literature must take into account both a natural and supernatural understanding of the environment. This leads to new understandings of diaspora and spiritual allegiances to the homeland that are especially pertinent for the Vietnamese community abroad.
“Memory Effects” and Dark Histories
Authors: Pritchard Sara B. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Ecologists’ concept of “memory effects” considers how past environments shape current and future ones. Drawing on ethnographic research and historical scholarship, this essay uses their concept to ask what scientists remember and what they forget, and to expand ecologists’ definition of the environment. The author argues that contemporary ecological light-pollution research in greater Berlin can take place because of the site’s longer naturalcultural history, which includes the Nazi regime’s role in creating the nature reserve where Lake Stechlin and scientific infrastructure—the “LakeLab”—are located. Reserve status protected the area from suburbanization and artificial light at night. Current light-pollution research there is thus entangled with and indebted to Germany’s dark history—giving the phrase a poignant double meaning. This essay interweaves three parallel but entwined narratives: the author’s ethnographic fieldwork, a history of the site, and the area’s Nazi history. The resulting experimental form uses ideas such as enclosures and sediments to frame these intertwined histories, and juxtaposition and resonances among stories to do analytic work. In the process the essay urges light-pollution scientists to wrestle with a dark, unjust history. Across the globe scientists, scholars, and citizens alike have been increasingly forced to reckon with landscapes and their histories of violence, dispossession, and oppression in diverse contexts.
The Deep Time Trap
Authors: Mize Jane Robbins 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article argues that Lorine Niedecker’s 1968 poem “Lake Superior” reveals a limitation of recent scholarly investments in the concept of geological “deep time.” “Lake Superior” is a meditation on deep time; the Europeans who colonized the Great Lakes; and Lake Superior’s assemblage of rocks, bodies, and bodies of water across timescales. In analyzing Niedecker’s poem alongside her research notes, this article claims that, even as the speaker’s invocation of deep time troubles settler-colonialist historical narratives, she nevertheless remains mired in what Mark Rifkin calls “settler time.” The poem’s geological timescale fails to liberate the speaker from a settler-colonialist representation of and relation to the environment. While many scholars contend that deep time offers an alternative to anthropocentrism, this article argues that deep time is also a colonialist construct that can reinforce harmful Western epistemologies and obscure non-white ways of relating to the environment. Indigenous scholarship and activism offer alternative timescales that might allow us to care for the environment without minimizing the interconnectedness of human and nonhuman beings, without relying on settler-colonialist logics, and while centering Indigenous knowledge and sovereignty.
Creating Corridors for Nature Protection
Authors: Ritson Katie , Carruthers-Jones Jonathan , Holmes George , Huggan Graham , Šimková Pavla , de Smalen Eveline 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article seeks to provoke by linking two apparently contradictory perspectives on conservation in Europe. On the one hand, in light of the consistent failures of biodiversity protection measures to live up to the ambition of conservation policy, national parks can be seen as historical relics that are no longer fit for purpose. Conservation urgently requires forms of geographical and political connectivity that do not stop at national borders. On the other hand, national understandings of what nature is and how it should be protected continue to be underapplied. Indeed, the national is a key framework within which ideas about nature are presented and its potential can be put to work. In bringing these two perspectives together, the article makes both literal and metaphorical use of a term that is integral to connectivity-based models of conservation: the corridor. Corridors are conduits for the movement of biota in and between ecologically protected areas such as national parks, but are also passages that facilitate the movement of ideas between disciplinary perspectives and between scholarship and policy. Both sets of movements are needed to uphold the new interdisciplinary field of conservation humanities, which can support a more nuanced discussion on the wicked problem of nature conservation.
Experimenting with Water-Focused Participatory Research Methods
Authors: Cohen Joshua B. , Abrams Amber , Høybye Martin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Recent decades have seen a transformation in how water and human-water interrelations are conceptualized in the environmental humanities and social sciences. Such adaptation of theory has been tied to an interest in developing transdisciplinary water research methodologies, particularly in projects focused on practical outcomes. Nonetheless, this article’s authors note an incongruence in how such advances in theory are often not actually applied in practice. Going a small way toward addressing this, the authors argue that there is space for experimenting with more-than-human participatory research praxes to intentionally generate previously imponderable questions. This article describes the authors’ experiences in Aarhus, Denmark, of combining “floating seminar” and arts-based methods, including body maps and public engagement. Through these experiences with passersby-who-became-participants, and with the nonhuman world, the authors’ attentions were drawn to unexpected issues and questions centered on human-water relationships. Here, they reflect on emerging methodologies, and invite curious others to join them in developing them further.
DeepLabCut-based daily behavioural and posture analysis in a cricket
Authors: Hayakawa Shota , Kataoka Kosuke , Yamamoto Masanobu , Asahi Toru , Suzuki Takeshi 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Circadian rhythms are indispensable intrinsic programs that regulate the daily rhythmicity of physiological processes, such as feeding and sleep. The cricket has been employed as a model organism for understanding the neural mechanisms underlying circadian rhythms in insects. However, previous studies measuring rhythm-controlled behaviours only analysed locomotive activity using seesaw-type and infrared sensor-based actometers. Meanwhile, advances in deep learning techniques have made it possible to analyse animal behaviour and posture using software that is devoid of human bias and does not require physical tagging of individual animals. Here, we present a system that can simultaneously quantify multiple behaviours in individual crickets – such as locomotor activity, feeding, and sleep-like states – in the long-term, using DeepLabCut, a supervised machine learning-based software for body keypoints labelling. Our system successfully labelled the six body parts of a single cricket with a high level of confidence and produced reliable data showing the diurnal rhythms of multiple behaviours. Our system also enabled the estimation of sleep-like states by focusing on posture, instead of immobility time, which is a conventional parameter. We anticipate that this system will provide an opportunity for simultaneous and automatic prediction of cricket behaviour and posture, facilitating the study of circadian rhythms.
Are reactive oxygen species always bad? Lessons from hypoxic ectotherms
Authors: Bundgaard Amanda , Borowiec Brittney G. , Lau Gigi Y. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Oxygen (O2) is required for aerobic energy metabolism but can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are a wide variety of oxidant molecules with a range of biological functions from causing cell damage (oxidative distress) to cell signalling (oxidative eustress). The balance between the rate and amount of ROS generated and the capacity for scavenging systems to remove them is affected by several biological and environmental factors, including oxygen availability. Ectotherms, and in particular hypoxia-tolerant ectotherms, are hypothesized to avoid oxidative damage caused by hypoxia, although it is unclear whether this translates to an increase in ecological fitness. In this Review, we highlight the differences between oxidative distress and eustress, the current mechanistic understanding of the two and how they may affect ectothermic physiology. We discuss the evidence of occurrence of oxidative damage with hypoxia in ectotherms, and that ectotherms may avoid oxidative damage through (1) high levels of antioxidant and scavenging systems and/or (2) low(ering) levels of ROS generation. We argue that the disagreements in the literature as to how hypoxia affects antioxidant enzyme activity and the variable metabolism of ectotherms makes the latter strategy more amenable to ectotherm physiology. Finally, we argue that observed changes in ROS production and oxidative status with hypoxia may be a signalling mechanism and an adaptive strategy for ectotherms encountering hypoxia.
Five Weeks of Sprint Interval Training Improve Muscle Glycolytic Content and Activity But Not Time to Task Failure in Severe Intensity Exercise
Authors: de Araujo Bonetti de Poli Rodrigo , Murias Juan Manuel , Antunes Barbara Moura , Marinari Gabriele , Dutra Yago Medeiros , Milioni Fabio , Zagatto Alessandro Moura 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study examined the impact of a 5 weeks sprint interval training (SIT) intervention on time to task failure (TTF) during severe intensity constant work rate (CWR) exercise, as well as in glycolytic enzymatic content and activity, and glycogen content.

Methods
Fourteen active males were randomized into either a SIT group (n = 8) composed of 15 SIT-sessions over 5 weeks, or a control group (n = 6). At pre-training period, participants performed: i) ramp incremental test to measure the cardiorespiratory function; ii) CWR cycling TTF at 150% of the power output (PO) at the respiratory compensation point (RCP-PO) with muscle biopsies at rest and immediately following task failure. After 5 weeks, the same evaluations were repeated (i.e., exercise intensities matched to current training status), and an additional cycling CWR matched to pre-training 150% RCP-PO was performed only for TTF evaluation. The content and enzymatic activity of glycogen phosphorylase (GPhos), hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase (PFK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), as well as the glycogen content, were analyzed. Content of monocarboxylate transporter isoform 4 (MCT4) and muscle buffering capacity were also measured.

Results
Despite improvements in total work performed at CWR post-training, no differences were observed for TTF. The GPhos, HK, PFK, and LDH content and activity, and glycogen content also improved post-training only in the SIT group. Further, the MCT4 concentrations and muscle buffering capacity was also improved only for SIT group. However, no difference in glycogen depletion was observed between groups and time.

Conclusions
Five weeks of SIT improved the glycolytic pathway parameters and total work performed, however, glycogen depletion was not altered during CWR severe intensity exercise, and TTF remained similar.
The Effects of Load, Crank Position, and Sex on the Biomechanics and Performance during an Upper Body Wingate Anaerobic Test
Authors: Antolinez Angie K. , Edwards Philip F. , Holmes Michael W. R. , Beaudette Shawn M. , Button Duane C. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The upper body Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) is a 30-second maximal effort sprint against a set load (percentage of body mass). However, there is no consensus on the optimal load and no differential values for males and females, even when there are well-studied anatomical and physiological differences in muscle mass for the upper body. Our goal was to describe the effects of load, sex, and crank position on the kinetics, kinematics, and performance of the upper body WAnT.

Methods
Eighteen participants (9 females) performed three WAnTs at 3, 4, and 5% of body mass. Arm crank forces, 2D kinematics, and performance variables were recorded during each WAnT.

Results
Our results showed an increase of ~49% effective force, ~36% peak power, ~5° neck flexion, and ~ 30° shoulder flexion from 3-5% load (p < .05). Mean power and anaerobic capacity decreased by 15%, with no changes in fatigue index (p < .05). The positions of higher force efficiency were at 12 and 6 o’clock. The least force efficiency occurred at 3 o’clock (p < .05). Sex differences showed that males produced 97% more effective force and 109% greater mean power than females, with 11.7% more force efficiency (p < .001). Males had 16° more head/neck flexion than females, and females had greater elbow joint variability with 17° more wrist extension at higher loads. Males cycled ~32% faster at 3 vs 5% load with a 65% higher angular velocity than females. Grip strength, MVIC, mass, and height positively correlated with peak and mean power (p < .001).

Conclusions
In conclusion, load, sex, and crank position have a significant impact on performance of the WAnT. These factors should be considered when developing and implementing an upper body WAnT.
Family decision making for Madurese women with pregnancy complications: a qualitative study
Authors: Pradanie Retnayu , Armini Ni Ketut Alit , Nastiti Aria Aulia , Kusumaningrum Tiyas , Triharini Mira , Yunitasari Esti , Graham Kristen 
Published: March 2024

Background/Aims A delay in referring women with pregnancy complications to medical care is a significant contributor to maternal mortality worldwide. In Madura, Indonesia, these delays can be exacerbated by the role of a woman's family in decision making. This study aimed to explore family decision making in seeking healthcare for women with pregnancy complications in Madura. Methods Using a descriptive qualitative approach, in-depth interviews were conducted to explore the decision-making experiences of 12 pregnant women, 12 of their family members and 10 midwives. Results Three themes were identified: women empowerment issues, cultural factors, and important considerations in seeking healthcare for women with pregnancy complications. Conclusions Continuous health education is needed to increase knowledge of appropriate maternal care for pregnant women and their families. The involvement of religious leaders in programmes to enhance referral decision making would be beneficial.
Cause and preventability of in-hospital mortality after PCI: A statewide root-cause analysis of 1,163 deaths
Authors: Moroni Francesco , Seth Milan , Changezi Hameem U. , Karve Milind , Arora Dilip S. , Sharma Manoj , Pielsticker Elizabeth , Berman Aaron D. , Lee Daniel , Qureshi M. Imran , Azzalini Lorenzo , Sukul Devraj , Gurm Hitinder S. 
Published: March 2024

Background
Mortality is the most devastating complication of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Identifying the most common causes and mechanisms of death after PCI in contemporary practice is an important step in further reducing periprocedural mortality.

Objectives
To systematically analyze the cause and circumstances of in-hospital mortality in a large, multi-center, statewide cohort.

Methods
In-hospital deaths after PCI occurring at 39 hospitals included in the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium (BMC2) between 2012 and 2014 were retrospectively reviewed using validated methods. A priori PCI-related mortality risk was estimated using the validated BMC2 model.

Results
A total of 1,163 deaths after PCI were included in the study. Mean age was 71±13 years, and 507 (44%) were women. Left ventricular failure was the most common cause of death (52% of cases). The circumstance of death was most commonly related to prior acute cardiovascular condition (61% of cases). Procedural complications were considered contributing to mortality in 235 (20%) cases. Death was rated as not preventable or slightly preventable in 1,045 (89.9%) cases. The majority of the deaths occurred in intermediate or high-risk patients, but 328 (28.2%) deaths occurred in low-risk patients (<5% predicted risk of mortality). PCI was considered rarely appropriate in 30% of preventable deaths.

Conclusions
In-hospital mortality after PCI is rare, and primarily related to pre-existing critical acute cardiovascular condition. However, approximately 10% of deaths were preventable. Further research is needed to characterize preventable deaths, in order to develop strategies to improve procedural safety.
Entre la communauté «qui vient» et la multitude
Authors: Soares de Moura Costa Matos Andityas 
Published: March 2024

Le présent article part d’une proposition de Giorgio Agamben issue du livre La communauté qui vient, consistant à penser une communauté non appropriable, c’est-à-dire, une communauté pour des individus ontologiquement indéterminés et qui ne pouvant pas être appropriés par les appareils du pouvoir. En ce sens, nous essayons de montrer comment la formation sociale conçue par Agamben peut dialoguer avec l’idée de multitude de Michael Hardt et Antonio Negri. À cette fin, sont exposées les similitudes entre la communauté « qui vient » de Agamben et la multitude. En séquence, nous discutons le rôle individualisant de la loi et de la politique occidentale, comprises comme mécanismes hiérarchiques dont la fonction est précisément d’empêcher l’émergence de la multitude.