bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of acid–base regulation in the African lungfishProtopterus annectens
Authors: Gilmour K. M. , Euverman R. M. , Esbaugh A. J. , Kenney L. , Chew S. F. , Ip Y. K. , Perry S. F. 
Published: May 2007

SUMMARYAfrican lungfish Protopterus annectens utilized both respiratory and metabolic compensation to restore arterial pH to control levels following the imposition of a metabolic acidosis or alkalosis. Acid infusion (3 mmol kg–1 NH4Cl) to lower arterial pH by 0.24 units increased both pulmonary (by 1.8-fold) and branchial (by 1.7-fold) ventilation frequencies significantly, contributing to 4.8-fold and 1.9-fold increases in,respectively, aerial and aquatic CO2 excretion. This respiratory compensation appeared to be the main mechanism behind the restoration of arterial pH, because even though net acid excretion(JnetH+) increased following acid infusion in 7 of 11 fish, the mean increase in net acid excretion, 184.5±118.5μmol H+ kg–1 h–1 (mean± s.e.m., N=11), was not significantly different from zero. Base infusion (3 mmol kg–1 NaHCO3) to increase arterial pH by 0.29 units halved branchial ventilation frequency, although pulmonary ventilation frequency was unaffected. Correspondingly, aquatic CO2 excretion also fell significantly (by 3.7-fold) while aerial CO2 excretion was unaffected. Metabolic compensation consisting of negative net acid excretion (net base excretion) accompanied this respiratory compensation, with JnetH+ decreasing from 88.5±75.6 to –337.9±199.4 μmol H+kg–1 h–1 (N=8). Partitioning of net acid excretion into renal and extra-renal (assumed to be branchial and/or cutaneous) components revealed that under control conditions, net acid excretion occurred primarily by extra-renal routes. Finally, several genes that are involved in the exchange of acid–base equivalents between the animal and its environment (carbonic anhydrase, V-type H+-ATPase and Na+/HCO –3 cotransporter) were cloned, and their branchial and renal mRNA expressions were examined prior to and following acid or base infusion. In no case was mRNA expression significantly altered by metabolic acid–base disturbance. These findings suggest that lungfish, like tetrapods, alter ventilation to compensate for metabolic acid–base disturbances, a mechanism that is not employed by water-breathing fish. Like fish and amphibians, however, extra-renal routes play a key role in metabolic compensation.
Whole-animal metabolic rate is a repeatable trait: a meta-analysis
Authors: Nespolo Roberto F. , Franco Marcela 
Published: May 2007

SUMMARY
Repeatability studies are gaining considerable interest among physiological ecologists, particularly in traits affected by high environmental/residual variance, such as whole-animal metabolic rate (MR). The original definition of repeatability, known as the intraclass correlation coefficient, is computed from the components of variance obtained in a one-way ANOVA on several individuals from which two or more measurements are performed. An alternative estimation of repeatability, popular among physiological ecologists, is the Pearson product–moment correlation between two consecutive measurements. However, despite the more than 30 studies reporting repeatability of MR, so far there is not a definite synthesis indicating: (1) whether repeatability changes in different types of animals; (2) whether some kinds of metabolism are more repeatable than others; and most important, (3) whether metabolic rate is significantly repeatable. We performed a meta-analysis to address these questions, as well as to explore the historical trend in repeatability studies. Our results show that metabolic rate is significantly repeatable and its effect size is not statistically affected by any of the mentioned factors(i.e. repeatability of MR does not change in different species, type of metabolism, time between measurements, and number of individuals). The cumulative meta-analysis revealed that repeatability studies in MR have already reached an asymptotical effect size with no further change either in its magnitude and/or variance (i.e. additional studies will not contribute significantly to the estimator). There was no evidence of strong publication bias.
Preparation and Characterization of 3DOM H3PMo12O40–SiO2 with Keggin Structure
Authors: Li Shi , Zheng Jingtang , Yang Weiya , Zhao Yucui 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
H3PMo12O40 with Keggin structure was supported on three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) SiO2 to synthesize a new-type 3DOM composite material of H3PMo12O40–SiO2. Through comparative analysis of H3PMo12O40 and 3DOM H3PMo12O40–SiO2, it could be found that the thermal stability of H3PMo12O40 was increased after supporting and that Keggin structure was remained also in 3DOM H3PMo12O40–SiO2, but the crystalline form was changed. Moreover, H3PMo12O40 combined with SiO2 tightly and the synthesized H3PMo12O40–SiO2 had unique porous structure like crown and interconnected through small windows.
TAG:Ce3+ Phosphors Prepared by a Novel Sol-combustion Method for Application in InGaN-based White LEDs
Authors: Chen Yibo , Wang Jing , Gong Menglian , Su Qiang , Shi Jianxin 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
Tb3Al5O12:Ce3+ (TAG:Ce3+) phosphors were prepared by a novel sol-combustion (SC) method, and the samples showed improved luminescent properties than those by conventional solid-state (SS) method. Bright white LEDs were fabricated and the performances of the LEDs confirm that TAG:Ce3+ prepared by SC method is a good phosphor for white LEDs with low color temperature for indoor lighting.
Efficiency Increase by Insertion of Electrodeposited CuSCN Layer into ITO/Organic Solid Interface in Bulk Hetero-junction Solar Cells Consisting of Polythiophene and Fullerene
Authors: Takahashi Kohshin , Suzaka Syouko , Sigeyama Yasunori , Yamaguchi Takahiro , Nakamura Jun-ichi , Murata Kazuhiko 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
When an electrodeposited CuSCN thin film was inserted into the interface of ITO/P3HT:PCBM blended solid film (P3HT: regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene), PCBM: soluble [6,6]-phenyl C61 buttyric acid methyl ester) in ITO/P3HT:PCBM/Al sandwich-type solar cells, the cell performance was remarkably improved, resulting in 2.5% of energy conversion yield under the irradiation of AM 1.5–100 mW/cm2 simulated sunlight.
Di(tert-butyl)[(pyren-1-yl)methoxy]silyl Chloride: Synthesis and Application in Purification of Synthetic Deoxyribonucleotides
Authors: Mishra Roli , Misra Krishna 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
Di(tert-butyl)[(pyren-1-yl)methoxy]silyl chloride reacts selectively with the 5′-hydroxy groups in deoxynucleosides and this can be removed under conditions which do not affect other commonly used acid or base labile protecting groups, yet it, is stable to phosphorylation conditions. While incorporated terminally at 5′-OH of the long sequence viz., 26-mer, this group is also helpful in subsequent purification by HPLC as well as PAGE. Fluorescence properties of these sequences were studied to find the suitability of the approach.
Novel Hexagonally Ordered Nitrogen-doped Mesoporous Carbon from SBA-15/Polyaniline Nanocomposite
Authors: Vinu Ajayan , Srinivasu Pavuluri , Mori Toshiyuki , Sasaki Toshio , Asthana Anjana , Ariga Katsuhiko , Hishita Shunichi 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
A novel nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon with well-ordered two-dimensional (2D) structure has been successfully prepared for the first time using aniline as a source for both carbon and nitrogen, and SBA-15 as a template. The above material has been unambiguously characterized by various sophisticated techniques such as XRD, HRTEM, XPS, and nitrogen adsorption. The obtained material possesses very high surface area, pore volume, and uniform pore size distribution. The XPS and CHN analysis revealed that nitrogen atom is successfully doped on the mesoporous carbon walls.
Direct Electrochemistry of Myoglobin in MnO2 Nanosheet Film
Authors: Xiao Han , Chen Xu , Ji Liyan , Zhang Xiong , Yang Wensheng 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
A continuous myoglobin/MnO2 nanosheet (derived via the delamination of layered manganese oxide) film was prepared by a simple method for the first time. The direct electrochemistry of myoglobin immobilized in the film was investigated using electrochemical methods.
Programmed Formation of Nanogels via a Radical Crossover Reaction of Complementarily Reactive Diblock Copolymers
Authors: Amamoto Yoshifumi , Higaki Yuji , Matsuda Yasuhiro , Otsuka Hideyuki , Takahara Atsushi 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
By heating two types of diblock copolymers with complementarily reactive alkoxyamine units in the side chains, nanogels were formed as a result of a radical crossover reaction of the alkoxyamine units. The transformation from the diblock copolymers to nanogels and their absolute molecular weight were obviously dependent on reaction concentrations and the mixing ratio of two types of diblock copolymers.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Zirconium Complex Containing Germanolato Ligands and Its Catalytic Activity for Ethylene Polymerization
Authors: Goto Kei , Shimo Isao , Okumura Tomoko , Kawashima Takayuki 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
A dialkylbis(germanolato)zirconium complex was synthesized by taking advantage of a novel bowl-shaped germanol as the ligand source, presenting the first example of a zirconium complex containing germanolato ligands. The bis(germanolato) complex as well as the analogous bis(silanolato) complex was found to exhibit catalytic activity for ethylene polymerization.
Activation of Double-stranded DNA by One pcPNA Strand for Its Site-selective Scission with CeIV/EDTA
Authors: Aiba Yuichiro , Yamamoto Yoji , Komiyama Makoto 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
In the presence of only one strand of pseudo-complementary PNA (pcPNA), double-stranded DNA was selectively hydrolyzed by CeIV/EDTA (EDTA = ethylenediamine-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetate) at target site. Compared with previously reported artificial restriction DNA cutters using two pcPNA strands, the present cutters are simple and promising for various applications.
Thermochromism of Polydiacetylene with a Hysteresis Loop in the Solid State and in Solution
Authors: Dei Satoshi , Matsumoto Akikazu 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
Partly crystalline polydiacetylene 1, which is soluble in many organic solvents at room temperature, was prepared by the solid-state polymerization of 4-methoxybenzyl 10,12-pentacosadiynoate. We found a reversible change in the UV–vis absorption spectrum of 1 in a solid film, polymer matrix, and solution with a hysteresis loop as a function of temperature.
An Alternative Electron Donor for Hyphomicrobium Copper-containing Nitrite Reductase
Authors: Nojiri Masaki , Agatahama Atsushi , Kobayashi Ryosuke , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Suzuki Shinnichiro 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
Cu-containing nitrite reductase from Hyphomicrobium denitrificans catalyzes the reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide by an electron from a specific electron donor protein, cytochrome c550. However, we have recently found that another periplasmic soluble cytochrome c, cytochrome cL, also donates an electron to this enzyme. The detailed electron-transfer mechanism was investigated kinetically.
Creation of Discrete Silver(I) Coordination Compounds with Nonbridging Chlorides by the Use of Mono(d-penicillaminato)cobalt(III) Metalloligand
Authors: Mitsunaga Seiichi , Tamura Motoshi , Igashira-Kamiyama Asako , Konno Takumi 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
The reactions of the ΛD or ΔD isomer of [Co(d-Hpen-N,S)(en)2](ClO4)2 (1; d-H2pen = d-penicillamine) with AgNO3 in water, followed by the addition of NaCl and HCl, led to the formation of discrete CoIIIAgI dinuclear complexes, ΛD- or ΔD-[AgCl3{Co(d-Hpen-N,S)(en)2}]. A similar reaction using a 1:1 mixture of the ΛD and ΔD isomers of 1, followed by the addition of NaCl, afforded a CoIII2AgI2 tetranuclear complex, ΛDΔD-[Ag2Cl4{Co(d-Hpen-N,S)(en)2}2]2+.
Rod-shaped Oligophenyleneethynylenes Modified by Donor and Acceptor Groups in a Block Manner: Synthesis and Light-emitting Characteristics
Authors: Ochi Takanori , Yamaguchi Yoshihiro , Kobayashi Shigeya , Wakamiya Tateaki , Matsubara Yoshio , Yoshida Zen-ichi 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
Highly efficient blue light emmitters represented by BL-5 (Φf = 0.96, λem = 455 nm in CHCl3) and BL-8 (Φf = 0.98, λem = 464 nm in CHCl3) are created by block modification of oligophenylene ethynylenes with donor and acceptor groups. A linear relationship with positive slope between Φf and the movability of the energetically equivalent dipolar structure unit is found for the first time.
The protease domain of procollagen C-proteinase (BMP1) lacks substrate selectivity, which is conferred by non-proteolytic domains
Authors: Wermter Carsten , Höwel Markus , Hintze Vera , Bombosch Bettina , Aufenvenne Karin , Yiallouros Irene , Stöcker Walter 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
Procollagen C-proteinase (PCP) removes the C-terminal pro-peptides of procollagens and also processes other matrix proteins. The major splice form of the PCP is termed BMP1 (bone morphogenetic protein 1). Active BMP1 is composed of an astacin-like protease domain, three CUB (complement, sea urchin Uegf, BMP1) domains and one EGF-like domain. Here we compare the recombinant human full-length BMP1 with its isolated proteolytic domain to further unravel the functional influence of the CUB and EGF domains. We show that the protease domain alone cleaves truncated procollagen VII within the short telopeptide region into fragments of similar size as the full-length enzyme does. However, unlike full-length BMP1, the protease domain does not stop at this point, but degrades its substrate completely. Moreover, the protease domain cleaves other matrix proteins such as fibronectin, collagen I and collagen IV, which are left intact by the full-length enzyme. In addition, we show for the first time that thrombospondin-1 is differently cleaved by both BMP1 and its catalytic domain. In summary, our data support the concept that the C-terminal domains of BMP1 are important for substrate recognition and for controlling and restricting its proteolytic activity via exosite binding.
Characterization of peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase encoded by open reading frame Rv1014c of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv
Authors: Bal Naresh C. , Agrawal Himanshu , Meher Akshaya K. , Arora Ashish 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
The enzyme peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase (Pth, EC 3.1.1.29) is essential for the viability of bacteria. The ORF Rv1014c of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, designated as the mtpth gene, was cloned and over-expressed and the product was purified. Generation of polyclonal antibodies against the purified recombinant protein, termed MtPth, facilitated detection of endogenously expressed MtPth in M. tuberculosis H37Rv cell lysate. MtPth could release diacetyl-[3H]-lysine from diacetyl-[3H]-lysyl-tRNALys with Michaelis-Menten kinetic parameters of K
m=0.7±0.2 μM and k
cat=1.22±0.2 s-1. Transformation of a pTrc99c/mtpth vector allowed the growth of E. coli thermosensitive Pth(ts) mutant strain AA7852 at the non-permissive temperature of 42°C, demonstrating the in vivo activity of MtPth. In addition, at 39°C, over-expression of MtPth in AA7852 cells allowed the cells to remain viable in the presence of up to 200 μg/ml erythromycin. A 3D fold based on NMR and a structural model based on the E. coli Pth crystal structure were generated for MtPth. The essential nature of conserved active-site residues N12, H22 and D95 of MtPth for catalysis was demonstrated by mutagenesis and complementation in E. coli mutant strain AA7852. Thermal and urea/guanidinium chloride (GdmCl)-induced unfolding curves for MtPth indicate a simple two-state unfolding process without any intermediates.
Mid-region parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and gene expression of MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells
Authors: Sirchia Rosalia , Luparello Claudio 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
We have previously shown that PTHrP(38–94) amide restrains growth and invasion in vitro, causes striking toxicity and accelerates death of some breast cancer cell lines, the most responsive being MDA-MB231, for which tumorigenesis was also attenuated in vivo. We have also demonstrated that mid-region PTHrP gains access to the nuclear compartment of these cells and displays DNA-binding properties in vitro by recognizing targets in both cellular chromatin and isolated oligonucleotides. Here, we examined whether PTHrP(38–94) amide was able to modulate gene expression of MDA-MB231 cells, employing a combination of conventional, differential display and semi-quantitative multiplex PCR techniques. The results obtained provide first evidence that PTHrP(38–94) amide can affect gene expression in tumor cells, identifying A4-differentiation protein/PLP2 as up-regulated, and HOX7/MSX1, COX6C, FZD6, OXR1 and TMCO4 as down-regulated genes in treated cells, and suggest that the cytotoxic activity of the peptide can be ascribed, at least in part, to such transcriptional reprogramming.
Clinical chemistry reference database for Wistar rats and C57/BL6 mice
Authors: Boehm Olaf , Zur Berndt , Koch Alexander , Tran Nguyen , Freyenhagen Rainer , Hartmann Matthias , Zacharowski Kai 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
Clinical chemistry data are decisive for evaluating altered organ function or damage in experimental animals. Few publications provide reliable clinical chemistry reference intervals, and analytical methods are often not described. Here, we investigated common clinical chemistry values in adult male and female Wistar rats and C57/BL6 mice (n=30/group). Blood samples were taken and analysed for electrolytes, substrates, metabolites and enzymes. In addition, we investigated cystatin C, an important marker of glomerular dysfunction. All data were obtained using commercially available kits frequently employed in most clinical chemistry laboratories and compared with data from other studies, as well as with human data. Significant gender-specific differences were observed in rats (electrolytes, retention parameters and transaminases) and in mice (cholesterol, glucose). High variability was noted for sodium, potassium, glucose, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and transaminase levels. Both rodent species showed markedly higher α-amylase activity than humans. This report demonstrates significant differences between genders for many analytes in rats and for fewer parameters in mice. Some reference values displayed major discrepancies between rodents and humans.
Factors predicting the perceived effectiveness of politicians' use of humor during a debate
Authors: Bippus Amy 
Published: May 2007

AbstractPrior research on humor in the political context has focused primarily on people's reactions to humor about politicians in the form of cartoons or jokes, or on specific politicians' use of humor as a rhetorical strategy. This study provides an empirical test of audience perceptions of the effectiveness of a politician's use of humor during a political debate. Data were collected during the 2004 election cycle; respondents were told a candidate had made a humorous remark during a recent congressional campaign debate. Party affiliation of the candidate and the target of the humor (himself vs. his opponent) were counterbalanced. The results indicated that self-deprecating humor was rated as more effective, and both Democrats and Republicans saw humor from a Democratic candidate as more effective than from a Republican. Being of the same versus opposite party of the candidate did not affect respondents' attributions of the candidate's motives for using humor or its overall effectiveness. Overall, the biggest predictor of perceived effectiveness was respondents' assessment of the quality (timing and funniness) of the humor.
Regional humor differences in the United States: Implications for management
Authors: Romero Eric J , Alsua Carlos J , Hinrichs Kim T , Pearson Terry R 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis paper is an exploratory study examining humor differences among four regions of the United States and the managerial implications of such differences. The results indicate significant differences between the regions regarding affiliative and self-defeating humor, the creation and performance of humor, the use of humor in coping and in social situations, and attitudes toward humor. Managerial implications for researchers and practitioners are discussed.
Über Osonhydrazone. II. Mitteil.: Zur Konstitution des Fructoson‐methyl‐phenylhydrazons
Authors: Henseke Günter , Hantschel Heinrich 
Published: May 2007

AbstractFür das d‐Fructoson‐methyl‐phenylhydrazon wurde die Konstitution eines 1‐[Methyl‐phenylhydrazons] des Fructosons bewiesen. Das von E. E. Und E. G. V. Percival als Pyrazolverbindung formulierte Anhydro‐Derivat des Mischosazons A. erwies sich als ein 3.6‐Anhydro‐1‐[methyl‐phenyl]‐2‐phenyl‐psicose‐osazon, während das Mischosazon A ein 1‐[Methyl‐phenyl]‐2‐phenyl‐fructosazon darstellt.
Umsetzungen von Komplexen aus Verbindungen mit polarisierter C‐C‐Doppelbindung und Lithiumaluminiumhydrid (Reduktionen mit LiAlH4, VII. Mitteil.)
Authors: Dornow Alfred , Bartsch Werner 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEinige Umsetzungsprodukte aus Verbindungen mit polarisierter C‐C‐Doppelbindung und Lithiumaluminiumhydrid dienen zur Hervon 1.4‐Diolen.
Synthese eines Benzolanalogen eines Chlordan‐Bestandteils
Authors: Bernimolin Jacques 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDie beiden Diastereoisomeren des 1.2.4.5.6.7‐Hexachlor‐hydrindens wurden dargestellt und die insecticide Wirksamkeit des einen untersucht. Es besitzt nur eine unbedeutende Aktivität.
Derivate der 2.4.6‐Trijod‐3‐amino‐benzoesäure
Authors: Priewe Hans , Rutkowski Rudi , Pirner Klaus , Junkmann Karl 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDerivate, insbesondere Dicarbonsäure‐dianilid‐Derivate, der 2.4.6‐Trijod‐3‐amino‐benzoesäure werden beschrieben, von denen das Adipinsäure‐bis‐[2.4.6‐trijod‐3‐carboxy‐anilid] Anwendung als neuartiges Gallenweg‐Röntgenkontrastmittel gefunden hat.
Über das physikalischchemische Verhalten des Dinatriumsalzes des Adipinsäure‐bis‐[2.4.6‐trijod‐3‐carboxy‐anilids] und anderer Trijodbenzolderivate
Authors: Neudert Walter , Röpke Horst 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAn dem Gallenweg‐Röntgenkontrastmittel – dem Dinatriumsalz des Adipinsaure‐bis‐[2.4.6‐trijod‐3‐carboxy‐anilids]1) (I) – und der entsprechenden freien Säure ((I)‐Säure) werden einige physikochemische Untersuchungen über UV‐Spektrophotometrie, Kapillar‐ und Kolloideigenschaften, Löslichkeiten, elektrochemische und Dissoziationsverhältnisse, Refraktometrie, Dichte usw. beschrieben, z. Tl. im Vergleich mit dem Natriumsalz der 2.4.6‐Trijod‐3‐acetamino‐benzoesäure (II), der entspr. (II)‐Säure und anderen Trijodbenzolderivaten. Hierbei wurden folgende Ergebnisse erhalten:

Die Trijod‐Substitution im Benzolkern bewirkt im UV‐Spektrum eine starke Erhöhung des molaren Extinktionskoeffizienten und eine Vereinfachung des Spektrums.
Trijodbenzolderivate mit einer freien NH2‐Gruppe zeigen ein kleines, zusätzliches Maximum im langwelligen UV.
Durch Wasserabspaltung entstehen bei der I‐Säure Molekülaggregate vom 16 fachen Mol.‐Gew. (im Durchschnitt) und bedingen kolloide Eigenschaften.
Gemäß ihrer Struktur zeigt I kapillaraktive Eigenschaften (Mizellbildung) und hat somit Ähnlichkeit mit den Seifen (ausgeprägte dynamische Oberflächenspannungserniedrigung).
Synthese der bi‐homologen Reihe der symm. Dialkyl‐glykolsäuren (IX. Mitteil. über isomere und homologe Reihen))
Authors: Breusch Friedrich L. , Baykut Fikret , Ulusoy Emin 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDie symmetrischen Dialkyl‐glykolsäuren bis zur Di‐n‐octadecyl‐glykolsäure wurden durch Kondensation von Oxalsäure‐monoäthylester‐chlorid mit Alkyl‐zinkjodiden dargestellt.