bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies on nylon‐6/EVOH/clay ternary composites
Authors: Artzi N. , Khatua B. B. , Narkis M. , Siegmann A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractNylon‐6 (Ny‐6)/EVOH blends are interesting host multiphase systems for incorporation of low clay contents. The Ny‐6/EVOH blend is a unique system, which tends to chemically react during melt‐mixing, affecting thermal, morphological and mechanical properties of the ternary systems containing clay. The addition of clay seems to interrupt the chemical reaction between the host polymers at certain compositions, leading to lower blending torque levels when clay is added. A competition between Ny‐6 and EVOH regarding the intercalation process takes place. Ny‐6 seems to lead to exfoliated structure, whereas EVOH forms intercalated structure, as revealed from XRD and TEM analyses, owing to thermodynamic considerations and preferential localization of the clay in Ny‐6. Hence, the ternary systems have combined intercalated and delaminated morphology or complete exfoliated morphology depending on blend composition and clay content. Selective extraction experiments (gel content) indicate the formation of chemical reaction between the Ny‐6 and EVOH, and give an indirect indication of the polymer content residing in the galleries. The thermal properties of the polymers were found to be affected by the occurrence of chemical reaction, the level of intercalation and exfoliation and plasticizing effect of the low molecular weight onium ions treating the clay. Of special interest is the increased storage modulus attained upon the addition of only 1.5 wt% clay. POLYM. COMPOS. 27:15–23, 2006. © 2005 Society of Plastics Engineers
Measuring and predicting in‐plane thermal conductivity of carbon‐filled nylon 6,6 polymer composites
Authors: Keith Jason M. , Hingst Carl D. , Miller Michael G. , King Julia A. , Hauser Rebecca A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractIn this study, two different carbons (synthetic graphite particles and carbon fiber) were added to nylon 6,6, and the resulting composites were tested for both the through‐plane thermal conductivity kthru and the in‐plane thermal conductivity kin, using the transient plane source method. The first goal of this work was to use a finite element model to develop a procedure to accurately measure the material properties using this relatively new analytical procedure. Reproducible data can be obtained for nylon 6,6 polymer composites, by choosing a power dissipation (an input parameter to the transient plane source method) corresponding to a sensor temperature increase of 2 K above the initial temperature after 5 s. The second goal of this work was to develop a simple empirical model for the in‐plane thermal conductivity, which is easily measured with the transient plane source method. The results show that the product of the through‐plane and in‐plane thermal conductivities is a linear function of the volume percent ϕ. As the through‐plane thermal conductivity of these composites is accurately predicted with a modified Nielsen model, this empirical relationship can be used to estimate in‐plane thermal conductivities for a range of applications. POLYM. COMPOS. 27:1–7, 2006. © 2005 Society of Plastics Engineers
Differential protein expression in the metal‐reducing bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens strain PCA grown with fumarate or ferric citrate
Authors: Khare Tripti , Esteve‐Núñez Abraham , Nevin Kelly P. , Zhu Wenhong , Yates John R. , Lovley Derek , Giometti Carol S. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractGeobacter sulfurreducens, generally considered to be a strict anaerobe, is a predominant microbe in subsurface environments, where it utilizes available metals as electron acceptors. To better understand the metabolic processes involved in the metal‐reduction capability of this microbe, the proteins expressed by cells grown anaerobically with either fumarate or ferric citrate as electron acceptor were compared. Proteins were separated by 2‐DE under denaturing or nondenaturing conditions, and proteins varying in abundance with a high level of statistical significance (p<0.0001) were identified by peptide mass analysis. Denaturing 2‐DE revealed significant differences in the relative abundance of the membrane proteins OmpA and peptidoglycan‐associated lipoprotein, several metabolic enzymes, and, in addition, superoxide dismutase and rubredoxin oxidoreductase. Nondenaturing 2‐DE revealed elevated catalase in cells grown with ferric citrate. These results suggest that, in addition to adjustments in membrane transport and specific metabolic pathways in response to these two different electron acceptors, distinct differences exist in the oxidative environment within the cell when fumarate or soluble ferric citrate is provided as electron acceptor. Although an anaerobe, G. sulfurreducens appears to have alternate mechanisms for dealing with reactive oxygen species in response to increased intracellular soluble iron.
The proteome of mouse mucosal mast cell homologues: The role of transforming growth factor β1
Authors: Pemberton Alan D. , Brown Jeremy K. , Wright Steven H. , Knight Pamela A. , Miller Hugh R. P. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractMast cells migrate to the mucosal epithelium during intestinal nematode infections in mice, where they express abundant mucosal mast cell‐specific proteases, mouse mast cell protease‐1 and ‐2 (MCPT1 and MCPT2). Expression of these proteases is strictly controlled by transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) in the epithelium. In vitro homologues of mucosal mast cells are generated by culturing bone marrow‐derived mast cells (BMMC) in the presence of TGF‐β1. We examined the proteome of BMMC cultured either in the presence of TGF‐β1 (n = 5) or of a neutralising anti‐TGF‐β1 antibody (n = 5). Cell extracts were examined by 2‐DE, and changes in expression levels of protein spots were determined by densitometry. Spots of interest were identified by tryptic peptide mapping. In addition to the up‐regulation of MCPT1 and MCPT2, which accounted for approximately 40% of all soluble protein in the TGF‐β1 treated cells, MCPT7 was modestly up‐regulated by TGF‐β1, and calnexin was up‐regulated fivefold. A 7.6‐fold down‐regulation of galectin‐1 was verified by Western blotting and FACS analysis. Galectin‐1 is located on the cell surface where it mediates cellular adhesion to basement membranes. Regulation of its expression by TGF‐β1 may be of relevance to mast cell adhesion within the epithelium.
Microwave‐assisted specific chemical digestion for rapid protein identification
Authors: Hua Lin , Low Teck Yew , Sze Siu Kwan 
Published: December 2005

AbstractWe have developed a rapid microwave‐assisted protein digestion technique based on classic acid hydrolysis reaction with 2% formic acid solution. In this mild chemical environment, proteins are hydrolyzed to peptides, which can be directly analyzed by MALDI‐MS or ESI‐MS without prior sample purification. Dilute formic acid cleaves proteins specifically at the C‐terminal of aspartyl (Asp) residues within 10 min of exposure to microwave irradiation. By adjusting the irradiation time, we found that the extent of protein fragmentation can be controlled, as shown by the single fragmentation of myoglobin at the C‐terminal of any of the Asp residues. The efficacy and simplicity of this technique for protein identification are demonstrated by the peptide mass maps of in‐gel digested myoglobin and BSA, as well as proteins isolated from Escherichia coli K12 cells.
Polyimides from isomeric diphenylthioether dianhydrides
Authors: Zhang Min , Wang Zhen , Gao Lianxun , Ding Menxian 
Published: December 2005

Abstract3,3′,4,4′‐Diphenylthioether dianhydride (4,4′‐TDPA), 2,3,3′,4′‐diphenylthioether dianhydride (3,4′‐TDPA), and 2,2′,3,3′‐diphenylthioether dianhydride (3,3′‐TDPA) were synthesized from 3‐chlorophthalic anhydride and 4‐chlorophthalic anhydride. A series of polyimides derived from the isomeric diphenylthioether dianhydrides with several diamines were prepared. The properties, such as the solubility, thermal and mechanical behavior, dynamic mechanical behavior, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, and permeability to some gases, were compared among the isomeric polyimides. Both 3,3′‐TDPA‐ and 3,4′‐TDPA‐based polyimides had good solubility in polar aprotic solvents and phenols. The 5% weight loss temperatures of all the obtained polyimides was near 500 °C in nitrogen. The glass‐transition temperatures decreased according to the order of the polyimides based on 3,3′‐TDPA, 3,4′‐TDPA, and 4,4′‐TDPA. The 3,4′‐TDPA‐based polyimides had the best permeability and lowest permselectivity, whereas the 4,4′‐TDPA‐based polyimides had the highest permselectivity and the lowest permeability of the three isomers. Furthermore, the rheological properties of thermoplastic polyimide resins based on the isomeric diphenylthioether dianhydrides were investigated, and they showed that polyimide 3,4′‐TDPA/4,4‐oxydianiline had the lowest melt viscosity among the isomers; this indicated that the melt processibility had been greatly improved. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 959–967, 2006
Morphology, interface polarity and branching of electrochemically etched pores in InP
Authors: Spiecker E. , Rudel M. , Jäger W. , Leisner M. , Föll H. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe present issue of physica status solidi (a), guest‐edited by Martin Albrecht, has been assembled in honour of Professor Horst P. Strunk, Erlangen, on the occasion of his 65th birthday.The cover picture illustrates the morphology of pores after electrochemical etching of indium phosphide by bright‐field transmission electron micrographs (TEM) under various crystal projections: The upper figures show pore tips imaged in a 〈110〉 projection with pronounced {111}A facets (left image) and short {001} facets edge‐on (right image). The lower left figure contains a pore tip (top right) ending in the TEM specimen and a pore intersecting the specimen, imaged along the 〈111〉 pore axis. Inclined pores in a [001] plan‐view sample imaged under tilted geometry (∼35° tilt) along a 〈112〉 direction are visible in the lower right figure.
Electric transport and coding sequences of DNA molecules
Authors: Shih C. T. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractA tight‐binding model is used to investigate the relation between the electric transport properties and the sequences of protein‐coding regions of complete genomes. The sequence‐dependent transmission coefficient for some particular propagation length wG is closely related to the positions of genes on DNA. wG is the “characteristic migration length” for each species. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A DMRG study of a level coupled to a 1D interacting lead
Authors: Weiss Yuval , Sade Miri , Goldstein Moshe , Berkovits Richard 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe influence of nearest neighbor interactions in a reservoir coupled to a single level dot on the width of the level is studied, using the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method. We find that while in the Luttinger liquid (LL) phase of the lead (i.e., for weak interactions) the interactions cause a gradual decrease of the resonance width, in the charge density wave (CDW) phase (for strong interactions) the width is zero, and a sharp jump of the dot population occurs. We explain the physical difference between both cases. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Homocystinuria: Studies on cystathionine β‐synthase,S‐adenosylmethionine synthetase and cystathionase activities in skin fibroblasts
Authors: Bittles A. H. , Carson N. A. J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractCystathionine β‐synthase,S‐adenosylmethionine synthetase and cystathionase activities were assayed in skin fibroblast cultures from five pyridoxine responsive and five pyridoxine non‐responsive homocystinurics, six obligate heterozygotes for homocystinuria and ten normal control subjects. The specific deficiency in cystathionine β‐synthase activity was confirmed in nine of the homocystinuric cultures. However, in one pyridoxine responsive case the level of cystathionine β‐synthase activity was found to be comparable with those of the heterozygotes. A negative correlation appeared to exist between the level of residual enzyme activity and the pre‐treatment severity of clinical symptoms.
Two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel analysis of fibroblast polypeptides: Discussion of its Relevance for inherited diseases
Authors: Choo K. H. , Cotton R. G. H. , Danks D. M. , Norris U. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractTwo‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis has been used to resolve several hundred polypeptides from six different human fibroblast cell lines. Two of the cell lines were from normals while the other four were from patients with diseases of the type known to be due to single gene mutations. Less than 2% of the polypeptides from the different cell lines were found to differ in their electrophoretic mobility. The existence of only a small degree of polypeptide variability in pairwise comparison between cell lines suggests the possibility of employing two‐dimensional gel electrophoretic comparison as a direct approach for the recognition of pathogenetically important polypeptide alterations in genetic diseases.
Antenatal diagnosis of propionic acidaemia by methylcitrate determination
Authors: Dhondt J. L. , Farriaux J. P. , Amedee Manesme O. , Cartigny B. , Sweetman L. , Duran M. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractAntenatal diagnosis of a case of propionic acidaemia was rapidly achieved by measuring the methylcitrate concentration in amniotic fluid.
Phenylalanine loading tests in genetic counselling: 5 Years experience with its premarital use
Authors: Hyánek J. , Viletová H. , Kunová V. , Kubík M. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractGenetic counselling has been given to 71 engaged couples at risk of producing a phenylketonuric child. Five marriages were not recommended. None of the 51 children born to the recommended marriages has phenylketonuria.
Two forms of biotin‐responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency
Authors: Sweetman L. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBiotin‐responsive multiple carboxylase deficiencies are classified into early and late forms. The early form showed higher urinary excretion of 3‐hydroxyisovalerate and 3‐hydroxypropionate than the late form and was associated with normal plasma biotin concentrations. It is proposed that holocarboxylase synthetase and intestinal biotin absorption are defective in the early and late forms respectively.
Lactic acidosis due to pyruvate carboxylase deficiency
Authors: Haworth J. C. , Robinson B. H. , Perry T. L. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractTwo unrelated Canadian Indian infants presented with metabolic acidosis. Lactate, pyruvate, glutamic acid, proline and alanine were greatly elevated in plasma. Urinary excretion of α‐ketoglutarate and pyruvate was increased. Pyruvate carboxylase activity was very low in skin fibroblasts and liver. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was low in liver. Both infants were unresponsive to several enzyme cofactors, including biotin. Both survive at age 2 years with severe mental retardation.
Urinary organic acids in normal full‐term newborns aged 1–7 days
Authors: Tracey B. M. , Doré C. J. , Lawson A. M. , Watts R. W. E. , Chalmers R. A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractUrinary organic acid metabolite excretion patterns in normal newborns aged 1 to 7 days were analysed by GC and MS. Statistical analysis showed significantly different relationships between metabolite excretion, age, sex and feed. The data provide a necessary background for the diagnosis of inborn errors of organic acid metabolism.
Intracellular concentrations of phenylalanine, tyrosine and α‐aminobutyric acid in 13 homozygotes and 19 heterozygotes for phenylketonuria compared with 26 normals
Authors: Thalhammer O. , Pollak A. , Lubec G. , Königshofer H. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractLymphocytes isolated from homozygotes and heterozygotes for phenylketonuria show increased phenylalanine, tyrosine and α‐aminobutyric acid contents when compared with lymphocytes from normal subjects.
Prolidase deficiency with iminodipeptiduria: Biochemical investigations and first results of attempted therapy
Authors: Charpentier C. , Dagbovie K. , Lemonnier A. , Larregue M. , Johnstone R. A. W. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractA 33‐year‐old female patient with chronic recurrent leg ulcerations was shown to present a massive iminodipeptiduria which seemed to be attributable to disturbance of collagen metabolism. Biochemical investigations confirmed an hereditary prolidase deficiency. A treatment was tried for the first time and showed a good biochemical result and a clinical improvement.
Pyroglutamic aciduria (5‐Oxoprolinuria) without glutathione synthetase deficiency and with decreased pyroglutamate hydrolase activity
Authors: August Roesel R. , Hommes F. A. , Samper L. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractA woman with 5‐oxoprolinuria, probably due to a deficiency of pyroglutamate hydrolase, is described. This patients has produced three babies with severe congenital heart disease, the surviving one having a marked hyperprolinaemia.
Analysis of inborn errors of metabolism and other genetic defects in human fibroblasts using two‐dimensional polypeptide mapping
Authors: Singh S. , Willers I. , Goedde H. W. , Klose J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractA standardized technique for the two‐dimensional polypeptide mapping of cultured human fibroblasts has been used for the study of cellular protein variations in healthy controls, patients with inborn errors of metabolism and some other genetic defects. The analysis of about 50 gels has established that this method is very reproducible and enables the examination of about 600 polypeptides in a single gel. The inter‐individual variation has been rather low (about 3%). In the gels from patients with genetic defects only very minor qualitative variations have been observed.
Disturbances of amino acid transport in rats with experimental hyperphenylalaninaemia
Authors: Žanić‐Grubišić T. , Lipovac K. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractLiver and brain cortex slices from rats made hyperphenylalaninaemic withp‐chlorophenylalanine showed decreased leucine uptake but increased uptake of tryptophan and glycine.
Methylmalonic aciduria in a black female child with congenital short femur on the right side
Authors: Meiring J. L. , Strydom A. J. C. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe diagnosis of methylmalonic aciduria without recourse to sophisticated laboratory methods can present difficulties due to non‐specific interference with the diazotizedp‐nitroaniline method. This is illustrated by the present case, a black child with a B12‐responsive form of the disease.
Fabry's disease: Detection of heterozygotes using blastoid lymphocytes stimulated by phytohaemagglutinin
Authors: Sakuraba H. , Ohga K. , Suzuki Y. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractFabry's disease heterozygotes may be detected by measuring α‐galactosidase activity in phytohaemagglutinin‐stimulated lymphocytes.
Synthesis of conjugates for production of an antibody toortho‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid
Authors: Tyfield L. A. , Ismail A. A. A. , Holton J. B. , McOmie J. F. W. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractRaising antibodies to a small, chemically simple molecule is difficult. Attempts have been made to develop a simple, sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for the phenolic compound,o‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid (OHPAA) (mol. wt. 152). To date, five different immunogens have been synthesized. Two conjugates of OHPAA were linked to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and injected into rabbits and three were linked to poly‐l‐lysine for injection into Strain 2 PLL+guinea‐pigs. The peptide linkage in one was via the carboxyl group to the ε‐amino lysine residues of BSA. The other four were linked in a diazo linkage to the carrier polypeptide through an amino group which had been added to the hapten molecule. So far, antibodies specific to the hapten portion of any of the conjugates have not been obtained. Further conjugates containing methoxyphenylacetic acid and a succinate bridge are being prepared.
Neonatal lactic acidosis with pyruvate carboxylase inactivity
Authors: Vidailhet M. , Lefebvre E. , Beley G. , Marsac C. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBiochemical findings in a case of acute onset lactic acidosis due to pyruvate carboxylase deficiency are presented. Oxaloacetate deficiency arising from the inactivity of pyruvate carboxylase produces abnormal cytosolic and mitochondrial redox states. The resultant altered metabolite pattern may allow a provisional diagnosis before enzymatic studies.
Biochemical study of four cases of propionic acidaemia: GC/MS study of urinary metabolites
Authors: Divry P. , Boulieu R. , Cotte J. , Desage M. , Guilluy R. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractGas chromatography‐mass spectrometry was used to identify secondary metabolites present in the urine of four cases of propionic acidaemia.
Abnormal biochemistry and morphology of erythrocytes in a case of transcobalamin II deficiency during treatment
Authors: Frater‐Schröder M. , Seger R. , Hitzig W. H. , Linnell J. C. , Huser H. ‐J. , Galle J. , Wildfeuer A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractMetabolic studies on a transcobalamin II deficient child during apparent haematological remission revealed abnormally low erythrocyte levels of cobalamin‐ and folate‐coenzymes and highly unusual morphology of erythrocytes. Transfusion with hydroxocobalamin‐supplemented plasma temporarily normalized the child's erythrocyte adenosylcobalamin and methylcobalamin. Subsequent oral leucovorin increased erythrocyte levels of low‐polyglutamate folate. These findings provide further evidence that TCII may be involved not only in cellular cobalamin uptake but also in intracellular conversion of the cobalamin coenzymes and polyglutamate folates.
A case of myoglycogen storage disease with reduced acid α‐glucosidase activity in the fibroblasts but not in the muscle
Authors: Koster J. F. , Slee R. G. , Busch H. F. M. , Arts W. F. F. , Hoeksema J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractA case of muscle glycogen storage disease with the glycogen located in the cytosol is described. A variant α‐glucosidase has been demonstrated in this patient but the cause of the metabolic disorder is still unclear.
Lysinuric protein intolerance: Possible genetic heterogeneity?
Authors: Andria G. , Sebastio G. , Strisciuglio P. , Del Giudice E. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractDuring the last 4 years we have diagnosed lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI) in two unrelated boys (7 and 3 years old) living in the area around Naples. One of the patients, already reported in the literature as having a possible storage disease, shows peculiar haematological findings and striking joint hyper‐extensibility. Both patients have been treated successfully with arginine supplementation and low protein diet. These two cases suggest that LPI might not be so rare in the Neapolitan area and arginine supplementation and low protein diet still represent an acceptable low‐cost treatment of the disease. The presence of joint and bone marrow abnormalities in one of the patients, whether casual or due to genetic heterogeneity, should be further investigated.
A human cell strain bank: Interest for the prenatal diagnosis of metabolic diseases
Authors: Boyer S. , Zabot M. T. , Mathieu M. , Cotte J. , Deguerry C. , Genoud J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractA repository of deep‐frozen mutant human fibroblast and amniotic fluid cell cultures has been established for some years at Lyon, France. About 50 different biochemical abnormalities are represented and strains are available for research studies and for use in prenatal diagnosis in the families at risk.
A problem of control of treatment in a boy with salt‐losing congenital adrenal hyperplasia (21‐hydroxylation defect)
Authors: Darling J. A. B. , Fraser N. C. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractInadequate mineralocorticoid replacement is shown to have been the cause of elevated levels of plasma ACTH and 17α‐hydroxyprogesterone and of urinary steroids in a boy with salt‐losing congenital adrenal hyperplasia who was receiving more than adequate glucocorticoid replacement.