bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of enzymes for meat impactions in the esophagus
Authors: Cavo John W. , Koops Herbert J. , Gryboski Robert A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA case is reported in which papain was satisfactorily used to treat a patient who had meat impacted in his esophagus.The English literature pertaining to the usage of proteolytic enzymes in treating esophageal meat impaction is reviewed. Two perforations and deaths have been reported in association with the usage of this technique. Ninety instances of employment of the technique were reported in the literature. The method has doubtlessly been used in numerous unreported instances. At present it is unrealistic to conclude that the method is safer or more dangerous than routine endoscopic removal of impacted meat.Several conclusions may be drawn:

Enzymes should not be used if the physician has any reason to suspect that a bone may be lurking within the impacted meat.
Best results using any enzyme will be obtained if pooled secretions above the impacted meat are first removed with a nasogastric tube. The enzyme solution may also be administered through the nasogastric tube when the physician is certain of the tube's position.
Extreme caution is mandatory during esophagoscopy for removal of a meat impaction after unsuccessful employment of enzymes. Removal of pooled enzyme in the esophagus should be attempted prior to doing esophagoscopy on impacted meat persisting after a course of enzymatic treatment. We would advocate nasogastric tube suctioning, and possibly even esophageal lavage for this purpose.

A contrast study of the esophagus should be done after any meat impaction has occurred to rule out otherwise silent esophageal pathology which may have precipitated the impaction
Rhinologic surgery with the carbon dioxide laser
Authors: Simpson George T. , Shapshay Stanley M. , Vaughn Charles W. , Stuart Strong M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMicroscopic nasal surgery with the CO2 laser is easily performed. It offers the advantages of excellent hemostasis (even with congulopathies), excellent healing Minimal discomfort and minimal complications. A wide variety of lesions may be excised, obliterated, or corrected in any age group. We report our experiences with 26 cases of rhinologic surgery with the CO2 laser. These cases represent a variety of pathologic lesions including telangiectasias, papillomas, nasal polyps, synechiae and granulomas, rhinophymas, sebaceous adenomas, and an adenocarcinoma. This is the first comprehensive report of the use of this technique in nasal surgery.
Maxillary sinus hypoplasia and superior orbital fissure asymmetry
Authors: Bassiouny Ahmed , Newlands William J. , Ali Hussein , Zaki Yehia 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMisdiagnosis of maxillary sinus hypophasia usually as sinus infection, sometimes as neoplasm, can lead to unnecessary and difficult surgical explorations. Associated anatomical abnormalities, e.g., caudal displacement of the ipsilateral frontal lobe of the brain or central position in the maxilla of the infraorbital nerve may create unexpected surgical hazards. Associated orbital enlargement can lead to diagnostic confusion in the investigation of headache, especially if the superior orbital fissures show marked asymmetry suggesting erosion. Projection of the fissure into the antrum in Waters view can simulate trabeculation of the sinus or fracture of the inferior orbital rim.Radiologic examination of 500 patients without intracranial or intraorbital lesions revealed maxillary sinus hypoplasia in 36 cases (7.2%) and in half the hypoplasia was unilateral (sinus asymmetry); aplasia was not encountered. Fissure asymmetry was present in 30 cases (6%), being present in 3.66% of patients with normally developed sinuses and in 36.1% of the hypoplasia patients. The appearances and measurements of the fissure are presented and examples of marked normal fissure asymmetry are demonstrated. Maxillary sinus hypoplasia is classified in this series as grade I‐mild hypoplasia with limited inferolateral expansion (4 cases) and grade II in which there is also a curved orbital floor and lateral displacement of the adjacent nasal wall (32 cases).
Tympanoplasty: Review of 400 staged cases
Authors: Shlton Colugh , Sheehy Jemes L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractStaging of tympanoplasty is important in the management of patients with chronic otitis media. It allows establishment of an air‐containing middle ear space and adequate postoperative hearing levels in a large proportion of patients with severely diseased ears.The results of 400 staged procedures performed over a 3‐year period at the House Ear Clinic, Los Angeles are reported. Staging was performed in 75% of tympanoplasty with mastoidectomy cases and in 15% of ears not requiring mastoid surgery. Closure of the air‐bone gap to 20 dB or less occurred in 68% of patients with intact stapes. Mucous membrane problems were the most common reason for staging. Almost one third of cases with middle ear choleste‐atoma at the first stage had residual disease on reexploration.Staging of tympanoplasty continues to be an important technique in management of severely diseased ears.
Hydroxylapatite ossicular replacement prostheses: Preliminary results
Authors: Godenberg Robert A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHearing results and extrusion rate for 89 consecutive patients receiving hydroxylapatite prostheses for hearing reconstruction were evaluated and compared to a control group of 75 patients who had received homograft bone or Plasti‐Pore® prostheses. At the 3‐month follow‐up, there were no cases of extrusion of the hydroxylapatite pros‐theses.Hearing success was defined as a postoperative air‐bone gap of≤ 15 dB for incus prostheses and partial ossicular replacement prostheses or ≤25 dB for incus‐stapes pros‐theses and total ossicular replacement prostheses. There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution‐of‐success rate by prosthesis type for the hydroxylapatite. Incus, incus‐stapes, and total ossicular replacement prosthesis results were similar, but partial ossicular replacement prosthesis results were poorer. The overall success rate in the hydroxylapatite group was 51.2%; in the control group, it was 60%. Hearing results tended to be better with the hydroxylapatite incus prosthesis than with the homo‐graft bone incus, but poorer with the hydroxylapatite partial ossicular replacement prosthesis than with the Plasti‐Pore. Several technical modifications of the prosthesis that may improve results with the hydroxylapatite partial ossicular replacement prosthesis are suggested.Hydroxylapatite middle ear prostheses appear to be a reasonable alternative to other more commonly used pros‐theses, which carry disadvantages related to the use of human tissue.
High‐Dose cisplatin treatment: Hearing loss and plasma concentrations
Authors: Laurell Göran , Jungnelius Ulf 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFifty‐four patients with metastatic cancer were followed audiometrically during high‐dose (100‐120 mg/m2) cisplatin chemotherapy. Eighty‐one percent of the patients showed significant changes in air‐conduction hearing thresholds after completion of therapy. Thirteen percent sustained a significant hearing handicap. An interindividual variation was found, ranging from severe hearing loss after the first course to unaffected hearing after three courses. The oto‐toxic effect was not increased by pre‐existing hearing loss, but was slightly increased by age. The risk was determined more by the amount of the single dose than by the cumulative dose. The further ototoxic effect could not be predicted on the basis of the audiogram after the first coursa Peak plasma concentration of platinum was measured in eight patients, and no ototoxic changes were noted below a concentration of 1 μg/L.
The role of infection in the pathogenesis of acquired tracheal stenosis
Authors: Squire Roly , Brodsky Linda , Rossman Jon 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA rabbit model was developed to study the role of infection in the development of postintubation acquired subglot‐tic and tracheal stenosis. Following a surgically induced tracheal mucosal injury, rabbits were divided into three groups. Five animals underwent intratracheal bacterial inoculation using Staphylococcus aureus, six rabbits were given prophylactic antibiotics, and five control animals received neither bacteria nor antibiotics. After 10 days the rabbits were assessed for both tracheal stenosis and bacterial infection within the respiratory tree. Animals receiving antibiotic prophylaxis had a mean stenosis of 50.8%, similar to the 63.4% observed in controls. Rabbits inoculated with SA had a mean stenosis of 85.0%, greater than both the other groups (P = .001:ANOVA). Considering all animals, those with respiratory infection (including two control rabbits) had narrower stenoses than those that remained nonin‐fected (82.1% versus 52.5%; P = .001). These data suggest that bacterial infection in the upper respiratory tract might increase the severity of airway stenosis following prolonged endotracheal intubation.
The management of chyle fistula
Authors: Spiro Jeffrey D. , Spiro Ronald H. , Strong Elliot W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractOver a recent 4‐year period, 823 neck dissections that included the lower jugular lymph nodes were performed. Of the 823, 14 (1.9%) patients developed chyle fistulas. Two other patients developed fistulas, one after undergoing a gastric transposition, and the other after a scalene node biopsy. All 16 patients were initially managed conservatively with closed‐wound drainage and low‐fat nutritional support; this was successful in only 4 patients, 3 of whom had peak 24‐hour chyle drainage of less than 600 cc. The remaining 10 patients required open‐wound management, which included operative ligation in 4 instances. Continued conservative treatment with an open neck wound resulted in significant additional hospitalization. Our experience indicates that closed‐wound management of a chyle fistula is likely to fail when peak 24‐hour fistula output exceeds 600 cc. Considering the cost and morbidity of conservative treatment, early reoperation may be appropriate in those patients with high fistula output.
Chondrosarcoma of the head and neck
Authors: Burkey Brian B. , Hoffman Henry T. , Baker Shan R. , Thornton Allan F. , Mcclatchey Kenneth D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChondrosarcoma is a malignancy rarely encountered in the head and neck. In an attempt to define this tumor's characteristics and response to therapy, all cases of chondrosarcoma treated at the University of Michigan over the past 25 years were retrospectively studied. Fourteen cases originating in the nose and paranasal sinuses, mandible, temporal bone, and larynx were reviewed. Aggressive surgical resection was the mainstay of treatment, and resulted in an overall survival of 70%, with an average follow‐up of 3.5 years. Survival was highest in primary temporal bone lesions, and lowest in paranasal sinus lesions. Unre‐sectable lesions were not cured by other modalities. This study, therefore, continued to support the crucial role of wide surgical resection in the treatment of head and neck chondrosarcoma, but conservative resection, when needed to preserve important structures, has resulted in long‐term survival.
Otologic disease in aids patients: Ct correlation
Authors: Kohan Darius , Hammerschlag Paul E. , Holliday Roy A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe contrast‐enhanced computed tomographic (CT) scans of the temporal bone and brain in 18 patients with otologic disease and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)1 were retrospectively reviewed. Seven scans revealed middle ear and mastoid disease; three scans were consistent with central nervous system (CNS) pathology; and eight scans demonstrated no abnormalities. CT scanning was found useful in localizing otopathology and diagnosing CNS toxoplasmosis, aural polyps, osteomyelitis, mastoiditis, and middle ear effusion due to hypertrophic lymphoid tissue. The authors conclude that AIDS patients with sensorineural hearing loss should undergo contrast‐enhanced brain CT scans to rule out CNS pathology; AIDS status does not alter criteria for CT scanning in patients with conductive hearing loss; and that images of the nasopharynx should be included on temporal bone CT scans of patients with conductive hearing loss in order to exclude eustachian tube obstruction by hypertrophic lymphoid tissue 1330
Lipid peroxidation and antioxidative status in β-thalassemia major patients with or without hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Chiou Shyh-Shin , Chang Tai-Tsung , Tsai Shih-Pien , Jang Ren-Chin , Lin Shu-Kai , Lee Su-Chen , Tsai Shih-Meng , Tsai Li-Yu 
Published: October 2006

AbstractClin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:1226–33.
The influence of genetic polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 3A5 and ABCB1 on starting dose- and weight-standardized tacrolimus trough concentrations after kidney transplantation in relation to renal function
Authors: Mourad Michel , Wallemacq Pierre , De Meyer Martine , Brandt Dimitri , Van Kerkhove Valérie , Malaise Jacques , Chaïb Eddour Djamila , Lison Dominique , Haufroid Vincent 
Published: October 2006

AbstractClin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:1192–8.
Comparative Evaluation of Geotextile Pore Sizes Using Bubble Point Test and Image Analysis
Authors: Aydilek AH , D'Hondt D , Holtz RD 
Published: October 2006

Abstract
Analysis of the filtration performance of a geotextile filter necessitates accurate information about the size distribution of geotextile pore openings. The effectiveness of the bubble point test in determining the pore and constriction sizes of geotextiles was evaluated. The characteristic woven geotextile pore and nonwoven geotextile constriction sizes, O95, were determined for a variety of specimens and compared with both the manufacturers' reported AOS values, and with those determined from the two previously developed image-based procedures and theoretical equations. The results indicated that the O95 sizes of woven mono and multifilament geotextiles determined by image analyses compared well with the AOS values, whereas the same observations were not made for the bubble point-based O95 sizes. The O95 constriction sizes of various nonwoven geotextiles obtained by the bubble point test were not comparable to the manufacturers' reported AOS values, indicating the limitation of ASTM D 4751 in determining constriction sizes. A direct method, such as image analysis, may be a better approach for determining the pore sizes of woven geotextiles, whereas the bubble point method should be preferred to determine constriction sizes in a nonwoven geotextile. Recommendations are made in regard to improvements in the current ASTM standard on bubble point testing.
Porcine Enamel Protein Fractions Contain Transforming Growth Factor‐β1
Authors: Nagano Takatoshi , Oida Shinichiro , Suzuki Shinichi , Iwata Takanori , Yamakoshi Yasuo , Ogata Yorimasa , Gomi Kazuhiro , Arai Takashi , Fukae Makoto 
Published: October 2006

Background: Enamel extracts are biologically active and capable of inducing osteogenesis and cementogenesis, but the specific molecules carrying these activities have not been ascertained. The purpose of this study was to identify osteogenic factors in porcine enamel extracts.Methods: Enamel proteins were separated by size‐exclusion chromatography into four fractions, which were tested for their osteogenic activity on osteoblast‐like cells (ST2) and human periodontal ligament (HPDL) cells.Results: Fraction 3 (Fr.3) and a transforming growth factor‐beta 1 (TGF‐β1) control reduced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in ST2 but enhanced ALP activity in HPDL cells. The enhanced ALP activity was blocked by anti‐TGF‐β antibodies. Furthermore, using a dual‐luciferase reporter assay, we demonstrated that Fr.3 can induce the promoter activity of the plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI‐1) gene.Conclusion: These results show that the osteoinductive activity of enamel extracts on HPDL cells is mediated by TGF‐β1.
Selective Cyclooxygenase‐2 Inhibitor May Impair Bone Healing Around Titanium Implants in Rats
Authors: Ribeiro Fernanda V. , César‐Neto João B. , Nociti Francisco H. , Sallum Enilson A. , Sallum Antonio W. , De Toledo Sérgio , Casati Márcio Z. 
Published: October 2006

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a selective cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitor, meloxicam, on bone healing around titanium implants in rats.Methods: Thirty‐one adult male Wistar rats were included in this study, and one screw‐shaped titanium implant was inserted in the tibiae of each rat. The animals were randomly assigned to one of the following groups for daily subcutaneous injections: control (N = 14): saline solution; and test (N = 17): 3 mg/kg of meloxicam, each administered daily for 60 days. After the treatment, animals were sacrificed, and undecalcified sections were obtained. Bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) and bone area (BA) within the limits of implant threads and bone density (BD) in a 500 μm‐wide zone lateral to the implants were obtained and arranged for cortical (zone A) and cancellous (zone B) bone regions.Results: Intergroup comparisons demonstrated that meloxicam significantly reduced bone healing around implants. For zone A, significant differences were observed regarding BIC (47.01 ± 10.48 A; 35.93 ± 12.25 B), BA (86.42 ± 3.66 A; 61.58 ± 12.09 B), and BD (96.86 ± 0.96 A; 91.06 ± 3.05 B) for control and test groups, respectively (P <0.05). For zone B, data analysis also showed significant differences among groups for BIC (30.76 ± 13.80 A; 16.86 ± 11.48 B), BA (34.83 ± 8.18 A; 25.66 ± 9.16 B), and BD (15.76 ± 7.05 A; 7.73 ± 4.61 B) for control and test groups, respectively (P <0.05).Conclusion: Meloxicam may negatively influence bone healing in the cortical and cancellous bone around titanium implants inserted in rats after continuous administration.
Components of a vision assisted constrained autonomous satellite formation flying control system
Authors: Lincoln N. K. , Veres S. M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis paper examines a complete solution to autonomous formation flying of satellites where problems of position, velocity and attitude estimation, data fusion across the cluster, constrained actuators, fuel efficient manoeuvres and robustness are all considered. The joint problem of inaccurate state estimation combined with low thrust is addressed through the use of Kalman filter and an LP‐solvable constrained predictive controller. Attitude control is ensured by a globally stable quaternion‐based adaptive feedback controller. Calibration of control signals for translational force actuation is introduced. Options of solutions are analysed and the complete system and its system parts are illustrated in realistic simulations. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Schizophrenic‐like neurocognitive deficits in children and adolescents with 22q11 deletion syndrome
Authors: Lewandowski Kathryn Eve , Shashi Vandana , Berry Peggy M. , Kwapil Thomas R. 
Published: October 2006

Abstract22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11DS) is the most common genetic microdeletion syndrome affecting humans. The syndrome is associated with general cognitive impairments and specific deficits in visual‐spatial ability, non‐verbal reasoning, and planning skills. 22q11DS is also associated with behavioral and psychiatric abnormalities, including a markedly elevated risk for schizophrenia. Research findings indicate that people with schizophrenia, as well as those identified as schizoptypic, show specific cognitive deficits in the areas of sustained attention, executive functioning, and verbal working memory. The present study examined such schizophrenic‐like cognitive deficits in children and adolescents with 22q11DS (n = 26) and controls (n = 25) using a cross‐sectional design. As hypothesized, 22q11DS participants exhibited deficits in intelligence, achievement, sustained attention, executive functioning, and verbal working memory compared to controls. Furthermore, deficits in attention and executive functioning were more pronounced in the 22q11DS sample relative to general cognitive impairment. These findings suggest that the same pattern of neuropsychological impairment seen in patients with schizophrenia is present in non‐psychotic children identified as at‐risk for the development of schizophrenia based on a known genetic risk marker. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Debugging high‐performance component‐based applications
Authors: Wilde Torsten , Kohl James A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractComponent frameworks for high‐performance computing (HPC) have special requirements that distinguish them from general component frameworks and other traditional/monolithic codes. HPC component‐based applications have a crucial need for correct, high‐performance execution across a variety of open‐source and proprietary component compositions, potentially incorporating several different programming languages. This paper targets the unique challenges associated with debugging HPC component‐based applications in the Common Component Architecture (CCA). We propose to take advantage of the well‐defined code separation created by component interfaces or ‘ports’ by logging port method invocations and capturing the corresponding data arguments. This approach makes it possible to find and isolate faulty components, simulate their invocation for specific debugging analyses, check data argument validity and boundaries, and create inputs for black‐box testing. Published in 2006 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Performance modeling of component assemblies
Authors: Trebon Nick , Morris Allen , Ray Jaideep , Shende Sameer , Malony A. D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA parallel component environment places constraints on performance measurement and modeling. For instance, it must be possible to instrument the application without access to the source code. In addition, a component may admit multiple implementations, based on the choice of algorithm, data structure, parallelization strategy, etc., posing the user with the problem of having to choose the ‘correct’ implementation and achieve an optimal (fastest) component assembly. Under the assumption that an empirical performance model exists for each implementation of each component, simply choosing the optimal implementation of each component does not guarantee an optimal component assembly since components interact with each other. An optimal solution may be obtained by evaluating the performance of all of the possible realizations of a component assembly given the components and all of their implementations, but the exponential complexity renders the approach unfeasible as the number of components and their implementations rise. This paper describes a non‐intrusive, coarse‐grained performance monitoring system that allows the user to gather performance data through the use of proxies. In addition, a simple optimization library that identifies a nearly optimal configuration is proposed. Finally, some experimental results are presented that illustrate the measurement and optimization strategies. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
GridASP: an ASP framework for Grid utility computing
Authors: Ogawa Hirotaka , Itoh Satoshi , Sonoda Tetsuya , Sekiguchi Satoshi 
Published: October 2006

AbstractOne of the greatest evolutions brought about by Grid technology is ‘Grid utility computing’, which utilizes various kinds of IT resources and applications across multiple organizations and enterprises, and integrates them into a comprehensive and valuable service. Since 2004, we proposed and have been developing the GridASP framework, which realizes Grid‐enabled application service providers (ASPs) in order to realize Grid utility computing. GridASP can bind application providers, resource providers, and service providers together and provide application execution services with security and anonymity to enterprise/science users. In this article, we report the conceptual idea of GridASP and the detail of the framework now being developed. Information on GridASP can be found at http://www.gridasp.org. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.