bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro immune modulation by thymosin alpha1 in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wolf Gregory T. , Peterson Karen A. , Lovett Edmund J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo determine if patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma represent an appropriate population for immune reconstitution with thymosin alpha1, leukocyte migration inhibition (LMI) in response to phytohemagglutinin was measured in 24 previously untreated patients with head and neck cancer, and the in vitro effects of thymosin alpha1 on migration inhibition were assessed. Compared to normal subjects, LMI was impaired in the head and neck cancer patients. Thymosin alpha1, in vitro, was associated with improvement in LMI in the cancer patients. Improvements in migration response with thymosin alpha1 appeared to be independent of levels of various T‐lymphocyte subpopulations. However, patients with a normal LMI response had lower suppressor/cytotoxic cell levels than normal subjects or patients with impaired LMI. The findings confirm prior reports of the effects of thymic hormones on lymphokine production in vitro and provide rationale for further clinical studies of thymosin alpha1 in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
The versatility of the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap
Authors: Joseph Christopher A. , Gregor R. T. , Davidge‐Pitts K. J. , Waner M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA consecutive group of 50 patients requiring pectoralis major myocutaneous flap reconstruction after head and neck surgery is presented. The tissue defects for reconstruction are divided into five groups to identify any defects in which the flap is more likely to be at risk of complication. Other risk factors such as preoperative radiotherapy, chemotherapy plus radiotherapy, and septic recipient site are analyzed. Its particular use in a “Third World” type population is noted.
Computed tomography of the face and paranasal sinuses: Part II. Abnormal anatomy and pathologic conditions
Authors: Sataloff Robert Thayer , Grossman Charles B. , Gonzales Carlos , Naheedy Norman 
Published: February 2007

AbstractComputerized tomography is extremely useful in delineating abnormal anatomy and pathologic conditions of the face and paranasal sinuses. The familiarity with normal anatomy is essential. Expert interpretation of CT scanning allows superior diagnosis of and treatment planning for lesions of the face and paranasal sinuses.
Myoepithelial cells in salivary gland tumors—revisited
Authors: Dardick Irving , Van Nostrand A. W. Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIt is an interesting parallel that the myoepithelial cell with its hybrid epithelial and mesenchymal structural and functional phenotype has a dual role in such salivary gland tumors as pleomorphic adenoma. This cell is responsible for considerable proportions of the epithelial component of this tumor, including squamous metaplasia, and is also the agent principally involved in the synthesis, organization, and cytologic modifications of the chondromyxoid regions. Neoplastically modified myoepithelial cells are also generally accepted to be a significant component of salivary gland tumors such as epithelial‐myoepithelial carcinoma, certain adenocarcinomas, and, of course, myoepitheliomas. The range of myoepithelial cell alterations can be appreciated via ultrastructural assessment of the above four classes of salivary gland tumors. An electron microscopic survey of monomorphic adenomas, adenoid cystic carcinomas, and mucoepidermoid carcinomas reveals some having a tumor cell component with structural modifications and localization similar to the modified myoepithelial cells in pleomorphic adenomas and the adenocarcinomas noted above. Such ultrastructural findings have important implications for clarifying diagnostic problems, for understanding histogenetic relationships, and for improving the classification of salivary gland tumors.
High resolution computed tomography: Part 4, evaluation of odontogenic lesions
Authors: Swartz Joel D. , Abaza Nabil A, , Hendler Barry H. , Tidwell Otto , Popky George L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHigh resolution computed tomography (CT) has been a mainstay in the preoperative evaluation of odontogenic lesions. Unsurpassed bony detail is complemented by exquisite delineation of the soft tissue mass itself. Our experience with these lesions is presented. Selected illustrations are supplemented by pathologic review.
Clinical restoration of voice function after loss of the vagus nerve
Authors: Weber Randal S. , Neumayer Leigh , Alford Bobby R. , Weber Samuel C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred eleven patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis underwent Teflon® injection for the rehabilitation of laryngeal function. The most common etiology was vocal cord paralysis after surgical treatment of thoracic abdominal aortic aneurysms, which accounted for 36.9% of patients. Of the 111 patients, 85% had improved voice function after Teflon® injection. Two patients developed airway obstruction secondary to edema and required temporary tracheostomy. Twenty‐four patients with paralysis after aneurysm surgery were injected acutely with no morbidity and immediate restoration of voice function. We now advocate Teflon® injection in patients with vocal cord paralysis after thoracic aneurysm surgery in the immediate convalescent period to restore voice function and lessen pulmonary complications.
Entire pharyngoesophageal reconstruction with latissimus dorsi myocutaneous Island flap
Authors: Yamamoto Katsura , Yokota Koji , Higaki Kiyotake 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe entire pharynx and cervical esophagus were reconstructed after total laryngectomy and pharyngoesophagectomy for advanced cancer in 14 patients with the use of a pedicled latissimus dorsi myocutaneous island flap. All flaps were transferred successfully in one stage. The reliability of the flap and postoperative state of food passage were studied. Repair was confirmed by roentgenographic examination 6 months after surgery. A slight narrowness was noted at the portion anastomosed with the esophagus, with dilatation of the reconstructed segment. All patients in our study have been able to resume normal oral feeding. The pedicled latissimus dorsi myocutaneous island flap is reliable and useful for the reconstruction of the pharynx and cervical esophagus.
High‐resolution computed tomography: Part 5, evaluation of the temporomandibular joint
Authors: Swartz Joel D. , Vanderslice Robert , Hendler Barry H. , Abaza Nabil A. , Lansman Amy , Popky George L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHigh‐resolution computed tomography (CT) is evolving as the most valuable radiographic study when detailed information about the status of the temporomandibular joint is needed.1–5 High‐resolution CT is faster, less invasive, and in most cases much more accurate than other imaging modalities used in the past. Erosive, hypertrophic, and ankylosing arthropathies are illustrated, as are condylar dislocations secondary to acute trauma, chronic trauma, and neoplasm. A detailed discussion of the common problem of the anterior displaced meniscus is undertaken.
New test series for the functional evaluation of oral cavity cancer
Authors: Teichgraeber John , Bowman Julia , Goepfert Helmuth 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThere are few studies that have addressed themselves to measuring speech, swallowing function and the “quality of life” of patients that have been treated for oral cavity cancer. The goal of this study was to develop a test series to assess the oral cavity function and the general health of patients treated for oral cavity cancer. The results of 51 patients treated for oral cavity cancer will be compared by the site and stage of the lesion, as well as by treatment mode. In addition, the functional results achieved by different reconstructive techniques in the oral cavity will be presented. Radiotherapy patients as a group have the best speech and swallowing function while the patients treated with combined therapy have the worst function. In the surgical group, those patients treated with intraoral skin grafts had the best speech results and those with primary closures had the best swallowing performance.
Partial palatomaxillary core ostectomy with multiple flap reconstruction
Authors: Kreutziger Keith L , Murphy Lynn C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEpidermoid carcinoma of the hard palate has most commonly been treated by surgical procedures such as total maxillectomy, hemimaxillectomy, palatectomy, intraoral maxillectomy, and local resection, which leaves the patient with problems of velopharyngeal incompetence, oral‐nasal or oral‐antral fistula, or an inability to wear a denture. This article describes a surgical procedure that uses a partial core palatomaxillary ostectomy for ablation and multiple buccal and palatal flaps for primary closure, thereby avoiding these postoperative problems.
Prognostic significance of lymphatic spread in head and neck carcinomas: Therapeutic implications
Authors: Grandi C. , Alloisio M. , Moglia D. , Podrecca S. , Sala L. , Salvatori P. , Molinari R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA series of 618 patients with neck dissections were performed in 455 consecutively admitted patients with head and neck carcinomas at the Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, from 1976 to 1978. Clinical and pathologic node factors were considered in an effort to correlate lymph node involvement with prognosis. Actuarial survival decreased with the increase in the size of nodes, although no significant difference was found for all categories and the prognosis was poor when nodes were > 5 cm and/or hypomobile (33%, 5‐year survival). The presence of histologically proven neck metastases significantly reduces the 5‐year survival, and the presence of distant metastases correlates directly with the pathologic staging of neck nodes.
Combined polychemotherapy and radiotherapy in advanced inoperable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Rosso Riccardo , Merlano Marco , Scarpati Daniele , Grimaldi Andrea , Bonelli Luigina , Barbieri Angelo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBetween August 1979 and August 1984, 46 untreated, inoperable patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were submitted to a combined modality of treatment based on four courses of polychemotherapy (vincristine, bleomycin, and methotrexate), rotated with three courses of radiotherapy, 20 Gy each. Forty‐six patients entered the study: 45 were evaluable for their response to the treatment and 46 for toxicity effects. We observed 26 complete responses (57.7%) and 14 partial responses (31.1%); overall actuarial survival was 28% at 55 months. Mucositis occurred in 11 patients, 3 patients suffered from nausea and vomiting, 2 patients developed fever, and 1 had a platelet count of 50,000/mm3. One toxic death occurred: one patient developed an acute renal failure related to Methotrexate.
Differentiated thyroid cancer in children
Authors: de Keyser Ludo F. M. , van Herle Andre J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDifferentiated thyroid cancer in children remains a controversial disease entity. Its incidence has markedly declined over the last decade since the use of radiotherapy in the treatment of benign conditions of the head, neck, and thorax was abandoned. Other etiologic factors have become relatively more important. The clinical presentation of childhood thyroid cancer is similar to that found in adults, except for a higher frequency of local and distant metastases at the time of initial diagnosis. The specificity and sensitivity of diagnostic tests are limited; however, like in adults, fine‐needle aspiration compares favorably with other available diagnostic methods. The therapeutic approach to a child with thyroid cancer represents the most controversial issue associated with the disease. This review provides a discussion of the rationale for the different therapeutic options and emphasizes the excellent prognosis and survival rates, especially when patients are subjected to aggressive treatment with total thyroidectomy followed by the administration of radioactive iodine.
Congenital facial hemihypertrophy: Report of a case with airway compromise
Authors: Sculerati Nancy , Jacobs Joseph B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFacial hemihypertrophy, first described by Beck in 1836, aroused some interest in the early part of this century among European and American clinicians. However, a search of the otolaryngologic literature failed to reveal hemihypertrophy of the head and neck area as a well‐recognized entity. We recently encountered a case of hemifacial hypertrophy in a 2‐year‐old. The chill presented with airway compromise and swallowing difficulty. The treatment of this child and a review of associated head and neck findings are discussed.
A phase II clinical trial of the combination mitomycin C, adriamycin, and cis‐diamminedichloroplatinum in patients with advanced upper aerodigestive cancer
Authors: Creagan Edward T. , Chang Myron , Long Harry J. , Rubin Joseph 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐seven patients with assessable, regionally advanced, or metastatic upper aerodigestive cancer of diverse histology received a combination of mitomycin C, adriamycin, and cis‐diamminedichloroplatinum. All patients had previously received extensive surgery and/or radiation therapy. We observed an overall 46% partial response rate (12/26). This included seven of 15 (47%) responders with squamous cell carcinoma. Six of those seven patients responded within the initial month of treatment. For all study participants, the median time to progression and survival was 3.8 months and 7.3 months, respectively. Moderate‐to‐severe nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and alopecia were the most common toxicities. Myelosuppression (WBC <4,100 cells/mm3) and thrombocytopenia (PLTS <130,000 cells/mm3) occurred in 100% and 71% of the 21 patients with nadir data recorded, respectively. There were no episodes of sepsis nor did we detect any meaningful impairment in renal function. This regimen is active in the previously treated head and neck cancer patient and can be conveniently administered on an outpatient basis with acceptable and manageable side effects.
Primary lymphoma of the mandible
Authors: Robbins K. T. , Fuller L. M. , Manning J. , Goepfert H. , Velasquez W. S. , Sullivan M. P. , Finkelstein J. B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe mandible is an uncommon presentation site for lymphoma and misdiagnosis is common. Eleven patients with lymphoma of the mandible were seen between 1947 and 1983. In 5 of the 11 patients, the diagnosis of lymphoma could not be established from the initial biopsy and additional material for examination was required. In three patients, this resulted in a partial or total removal of the mandible. In a recent histopathologic review, the diagnosis of diffuse large cell was made in seven, diffuse undifferentiated (non‐Burkitt's) in two, diffuse undifferentiated (Burkitt's) in one, and unclassified in one. Using the Ann Arbor method of staging, six patients were determined to have stage IE disease; three had stage IIE, and two had stage IV. In 10 patients definitive treatment consisted of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of both. Treatment was limited to surgery in one patient. The 5‐year overall and disease‐free survival rates were 62% and 50%, respectively. These results are comparable to those for lymphoma of other extranodal head and neck sites.
Identification and management of the patient at high risk for wound infection
Authors: Becker Gary D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDespite the use of perioperative antibiotics, wound infection remains a major source of morbidity after contaminated head and neck cancer surgery. Most adjunctive methods designed to control wound infection include techniques to reduce bacterial wound contamination. Additional methods include predicting the high risk patient and the bacteriology of subsequent wound infection, which allows antibiotic prophylaxis to be used on a selective basis. This article reviews relevant experimental and clinical data that evaluated these methods. Based on these results, as well as personal observations, guidelines are suggested for controlling wound infection in patients undergoing contaminated head and neck surgery.
Granulomatous reaction in lymph nodes draining laryngeal carcinoma
Authors: Ophir Dov , Nissim Florence , Marshak Gabriel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPresented are two cases of simultaneous occurrence of epithelioid granulomas and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in cervical lymph nodes draining supraglottic carcinoma. Laboratory tests and radiological and clinical findings ruled out sarcoidosis, as well as mycotic, mycobacterial, or other bacterial infection. Upon finding of epithelioid granulomas in cervical lymph nodes, a malignant tumor of the head and neck region should be considered as a differential diagnostic possibility. Uncritical acceptance of a diagnosis based solely on the histological appearance may lead to erroneous treatment.
Cartilage grafts—present status
Authors: Zalzal George H. , Cotton Robin T. , McAdams A. James 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCartilage grafts have been in use for almost a century and have proved their usefulness. Many questions about immunology, survival, growth, and role of perichondrium are still debated. We are presenting a review of the literature and of our experimental work on cartilage grafts. Ear cartilage was transplanted from 28 young New Zealand rabbits subcutaneously in the chest walls. The grafts were divided into 1) bare cartilage, 2) perichondrium, 3) cartilage covered with perichondrium on one side, and 4) cartilage covered with perichondrium on both sides. The grafts were measured in length and weight before transplantation, and at 2 and 4 months after transplantation; they were compared to a control piece of cartilage tagged in situ. Histologic examination was performed on all retrieved grafts. Transplanted cartilage survival was good in over 75% of cases; however, cartilage production from perichondrium was minimal and no growth was noticed in any of the grafts.
Craniofacial resection for tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses
Authors: Cheesman Anthony D. , Lund Valerie J. , Howard David J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe craniofacial approach for resection of tumors of the nose and paranasal sinuses is well established, as are its advantages over previous methods of treatment. The technique has been considerably modified, resulting in an operation that combines excellent access, a sound oncologic resection with excellent cosmesis, and low postoperative morbidity for conditions associated hitherto with an extremely poor prognosis. The 7‐yr experience of 60 patients is presented. Results suggest improved survival in a group of patients who are potentially curable by this procedure, while in those with extensive disease good palliation is achieved. In addition, large benign tumors that would previously have been considered inaccessible can be resected. Its many advantages recommend it as the treatment of choice for tumors of the nose and paranasal sinuses.
Accuracy of frozen‐section diagnosis in salivary gland neoplasms
Authors: Rigual Néstor R. , Milley Paul , Loré John M. , Kaufman Sol 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective review of 100 patients with major or minor salivary gland neoplasms was conducted to ascertain the accuracy and effect on therapy of frozen‐section diagnosis. Of these patients, 23% had malignant and 77% benign neoplasms. Twelve patients benefited by further surgery during the initial operation, and no treatment delay occurred as a result of frozen‐section diagnosis. There were four incorrect diagnoses of clinical significance, two false positives (benign tumor called malignant on frozen section) and two false negatives (malignant tumor called benign on frozen section). The accuracy of frozen section for specific pathologic diagnosis was 92%. No unnecessary radical surgery was performed. Frozen‐section diagnosis of salivary gland neoplasms in our institution was found to be accurate and useful.
Heterotopic cervical salivary gland tissue in a family with probable branchio‐otorenal syndrome
Authors: Joseph Michael P. , Goodman Max L. , Pilch Ben Z. , Bieber Frederick R. , Holmes Lewis B. , Reardon Edward 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHeterotopic cervical salivary gland tissue was found in a 4‐yr‐old girl with branchial and otologic abnormalities. Her mother and sister also had heterotopic cervical salivary tissue in association with anomalies that suggest the branchio‐otorenal (BOR) syndrome. Heterotopic cerivcal salivary gland tissue may result from abnormal branchial development.
Giant acquired tracheoesophageal fistulas: Strategy for successful management
Authors: Freeman M. Sean , Livingstone Alan S. , Goodwin E. Jarrard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGiant tracheoesophageal fistulas (TEF) present a significant management problem for the head and neck surgeon. Chronic aspiration and sepsis are associated complications that occur in these patients, who are frequently already debilitated from preexisting medical calamities. The combination results in prolonged morbidity and frequent mortality. Recently, we have managed two patients with this difficult problem. The first patient was managed using conventional methods well described in the literature with an unsuccessful outcome. The second was managed differently using a two‐stage approach. The esophageal stream was first excluded from the respiratory system via a surgical approach, which to the best of our knowledge has not been previously described in the literature. After a period of convalescence, the patient's alimentary tract is reconstituted with a gastric pull‐up, reversed gastric tube, or colon interposition. We propose this as an alternative method of management for TEF.
Schwannomas of the larynx: Review and computed tomographic scan analysis
Authors: Schaeffer B. Todd , Som Peter M. , Biller Hugh F. , Som Max L. , Arnold Leon M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNeurogenic tumors consist of schwannomas, neurofibromas, and neurosarcomas that arise from the Schwann cell of a peripheral nerve. Their occurrence in the larynx is rare, with only 115 cases having been reported. Three new cases are presented, the literature is reviewed, and the first computed tomographic (CT) scan of a benign schwannoma of the larynx is demonstrated. The diagnosis and treatment of these tumors and the CT scan analysis are discussed.
Success of elective irradiation of occult lymphatic metastases from cancers of the larynx and pyriform sinus
Authors: Marks James E. , Silverman Craig L. , Devineni Venkata R. , Simpson Joseph R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe determined the success of elective neck irradiation for 104 patients with carcinomas of the larynx and pyriform sinus whose only surgery was resection of the primary cancer. Tumor regrew in the neck of 22 patients (21%) and was twice as likely to recur in the neck when there was simultaneous regrowth of tumor in the laryngeal remnant or pharynx. The observed rate of neck recurrence did not vary appreciably from the expected rate as determined by the incidence of occult lymphatic metastases in dissected neck specimens. The rate of neck recurrence was less after high doses (>45 Gy) than low doses (⩽45 Gy) of irradiation, suggesting a benefit from higher doses of elective neck irradiation.