bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances in the Treatment of Kidney Disorders using Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Rajput Shivam , Malviya Rishabha , Uniyal Prerna 
Published: March 2024

Abstract::
Renal disease is a medical condition that poses a potential threat to the life of an individual and is related
to substantial morbidity and mortality rates in clinical environments. The aetiology of this condition is influenced
by multiple factors, and its incidence tends to increase with progressive aging. Although supportive
therapy and kidney transplantation have potential advantages, they also have limitations in terms of mitigating
the progression of KD. Despite significant advancements in the domain of supportive therapy, mortality rates
in patients continue to increase. Due to their ability to self-renew and multidirectionally differentiate, stem cell
therapy has been shown to have tremendous potential in the repair of the diseased kidney. MSCs (Mesenchymal
stem cells) are a cell population that is extensively distributed and can be located in various niches
throughout an individual's lifespan. The cells in question are characterised by their potential for indefinite replication
and their aptitude for undergoing differentiation into fully developed cells of mesodermal origin under
laboratory conditions. It is essential to emphasize that MSCs have demonstrated a favorable safety profile and
efficacy as a therapeutic intervention for renal diseases in both preclinical as well as clinical investigations.
MSCs have been found to slow the advancement of kidney disease, and this impact is thought to be due to
their control over a number of physiological processes, including immunological response, tubular epithelial-
mesenchymal transition, oxidative stress, renal tubular cell death, and angiogenesis. In addition, MSCs demonstrate
recognised effectiveness in managing both acute and chronic kidney diseases via paracrine pathways.
The proposal to utilise a therapy that is based on stem-cells as an effective treatment has been put forward
in search of discovering novel therapies to promote renal regeneration. Preclinical researchers have demonstrated
that various types of stem cells can provide advantages in acute and chronic kidney disease. Moreover,
preliminary results from clinical trials have suggested that these interventions are both safe and well-tolerated.
This manuscript provides a brief overview of the potential renoprotective effects of stem cell-based
treatments in acute as well as chronic renal dysfunction. Furthermore, the mechanisms that govern the process
of kidney regeneration induced by stem cells are investigated. This article will examine the therapeutic approaches
that make use of stem cells for the treatment of kidney disorders. The analysis will cover various cellular
sources that have been utilised, potential mechanisms involved, and the outcomes that have been
achieved so far.
Recent Advances in Hypervalent Iodine Reagents and m-CPBA Mediated Oxidative
Transformations
Authors: Varala Ravi , Seema Vittal , Amanullah Mohammed , Ramanaiah Seella , Alam Mohammed Mujahid 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Among the several peroxides available, meta-chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA)
plays an efficient role of oxidizing reagent and is used for many oxidative transformations,
such as oxidation of various functional groups, carbon-carbon, carbon-hetero bond formation,
heterocyclic ring formation, heteroarylation, oxidative cross-coupling, lactonization,
oxidative dearomatization, α-oxytosylation or α-acetoxylation, oxidative C-C bond activation
and in other miscellaneous reactions. The purpose of this review is to critically discuss
the significant contributions of mCPBA along with hypervalent iodine/iodine reagents in
organic synthesis from mid-2015 to date.
Infratentorial Cerebral Cavernous Malformation May be a Risk Factor
for Symptomatic Bleeding and Precocity of Symptoms: A Multicenter,
Propensity Score Matched, Case-Control Study
Authors: Galvão Gustavo da Fontoura , Filho Ricardo Castro , Cunha Alexandre Alexandre Martins , Soares Andre Guimarães , Filho Marcos Antônio Dellaretti , de Souza Jorge Marcondes 
Published: March 2024

Background::
Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (CCM) is one of the most common
types of vascular malformation of the central nervous system. Intracerebral hemorrhage, seizures,
and lesional growth are the main clinical manifestations. Natural history studies have tried
to identify many risk factors; however, the clinical course remains highly unpredictable.

Objective::
Here, we have analyzed a multicenter CCM cohort looking for the differential clinical data
regarding the patients harboring supra and/or infratentorial cavernous malformations in order to better
understand risk factors involved in the anatomical location of the unique neurosurgical disease.

Methods::
We have presented a multicenter, Propensity Score Matched (PSM), case-control
study including 149 consecutive CCM cases clinically evaluated from May 2017 to December
2022 from three different neurosurgical centers. Epidemiological data were defined at each clinical
assessment. Logistic regression was used to identify the independent contribution of each
possible risk factor to the bleeding risk. To balance baseline covariates between patients with
and without symptoms, and specifically between those with and without symptomatic bleeding,
we used a PSM strategy. The Kaplan-Meier curve was drawn to evaluate if patients with infratentorial
lesions had a greater chance of bleeding earlier in their life.

Results::
The presence of infratentorial lesions was a risk factor in the multivariate analysis comparing
the bleeding risk with pure asymptomatic individuals (OR: 3.23, 95% CI 1.43 – 7.26,
P = 0.005). Also, having an infratentorial CCM was a risk factor after PSM (OR: 4.56, 95% CI
1.47 - 14.10, P = 0.008). The presence of an infratentorial lesion was related to precocity of
symptoms when the time to first bleed was compared to all other clinical presentations in the
overall cohort (P = 0.0328) and in the PSM group (P = 0.03).

Conclusion::
Here, we have provided some evidence that infratentorial cerebral cavernous malformation
may have a more aggressive clinical course, being a risk factor for symptomatic
haemorrhage and precocity of bleeding.
Research Progress of Mitophagy in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Yao Jinglin , Kan Bohong , Dong Zhengjia , Tang Zhenyu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasing as the elderly population,
which hurts elderly people's cognition and capacity for self-care. The process of mitophagy involves
the selective clearance of ageing and impaired mitochondria, which is required to preserve
intracellular homeostasis and energy metabolism. Currently, it has been discovered that mitophagy
abnormalities are intimately linked to the beginning and progression of AD. This article discusses
the mechanism of mitophagy, abnormal mitophagy, and therapeutic effects in AD. The purpose
is to offer fresh perspectives on the causes and remedies of AD.
Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Biological Evaluation of Novel
Indole-triazole Conjugates
Authors: Berwal Paras , Rohilla Suman , Mathur Nancy , Rani Ketki 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Indole-triazole conjugates have emerged as promising candidates for new
drug development. Their distinctive structural characteristics, coupled with a wide array of biological
activities, render them a captivating and promising field of research for the creation of novel
pharmaceutical agents.

Objective:
This study aimed to synthesize indole-triazole conjugates to investigate the influence
of various substituents on the functional characteristics of indole-triazole hybrids. It also aimed to
study the binding modes of new hybrids with the DNA Gyrase using molecular docking studies.

Methods:
A new set of indole-triazole hybrids was synthesized and characterized using various
physicochemical and spectral analyses. All hybrids underwent in-silico pharmacokinetic prediction
studies. The antimicrobial efficacy of the hybrids was assessed using tube dilution and agar
diffusion methods. Additionally, the in-vitro antioxidant activity of synthesized compounds was
determined using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical scavenging assay. Furthermore,
in silico molecular docking studies were performed to enhance our comprehension of how the synthesized
compounds interact at the molecular level with DNA gyrase.

Results:
Pharmacokinetic predictions of synthesized hybrids indicated favourable pharmacokinetic
profiles, and none of the compounds violated the Lipinski rule of five. Notably, compound 6,
featuring a cyclohexanol substituent, demonstrated superior antimicrobial and antioxidant activity
(EC50 value = 14.23 μmol). Molecular docking studies further supported the in vitro antioxidant
and antimicrobial findings, revealing that all compounds adeptly fit into the binding pocket of
DNA Gyrase and engaged in interactions with crucial amino acid residues.

Conclusion:
In summary, our research underscores the efficacy of molecular hybridization in
shaping the physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and biological characteristics of novel indole-triazole
derivatives.
Polydopamine-Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles (Fe3O4@PDA) for the
Copper-Catalyzed Ipso-Hydroxylation of Arylboronic Acids and
Subsequent O-Benzylation in Aqueous Media
Authors: Lee Kwang-Beom , Shin Ueon Sang , Kim Seung-Hoi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
A novel advancement has emerged in the realm of catalysis with the development of an
innovative method for the ipso-hydroxylation of arylboronic acids. This approach harnessed the
power of bio-compatible polydopamine-coated magnetite support (Fe3O4@PDA) in conjunction with
a copper salt, forming a heterogeneous catalytic environment. The resulting catalytic system facilitated
oxidative hydroxylation under mild aerobic conditions at room temperature in aqueous conditions.
This environmentally friendly process allowed for the seamless conversion of diverse arylboronic
acids featuring varying electron-withdrawing or electron-donating groups into the corresponding
phenols, achieving remarkably high yields. Notably, the versatility of the catalytic system
extended to a one-pot tandem O-benzylation of the resultant phenolic intermediates. The additional
dimension of the process underscores its efficiency, offering a streamlined route to synthesizing benzyl
phenyl ethers with a commendable level of success. The significance of the present catalytic
methodology lies not only in its efficacy but also in its eco-friendly attributes, showcasing the potential
for sustainable and efficient transformations in organic synthesis.
Liposome as a Potential Drug Delivery System in Addressing Skin Diseases: A Review
Authors: Malhotra Shivam , Jindal Shammy , Bala Rajni , Madaan Reecha 
Published: March 2024

:
It was asserted that the manufacturing of liposomes, which was first disclosed in 1961,
was a useful technology for drug encapsulation. Furthermore, there are several cosmetic items on the
market now that include liposomes. The liposomes are novel drug carrier systems due to their similarity
in lipid composition with the epidermal membrane. As a result, they penetrate the epidermis to
a greater extent, showing enhanced skin absorption and increased effectiveness of the encapsulated
drug molecule.

:
This review briefly addresses the skin's anatomy, skin conditions, and the topical delivery of drugs
for the treatment of skin diseases with emphasis on psoriasis by utilizing liposomes and other vesicular
drug delivery systems along with challenges and opportunities in the treatment of skin diseases.

:
When compared to alternative distribution methods, their resemblance to biological membranes enables
entry into the epidermal barrier. Liposomes are good at penetrating the skin more deeply and
reducing therapeutic side effects, which offers hope for the successful treatment of skin problems.

:
Applying liposomes topically has several benefits, including better skin bioavailability and targeting,
increased skin hydration by surface adhesiveness, protection of skin structure from external stress,
and prolonged dermal release. Further, they have got potential to target the encapsulated drug molecule
into pilosebaceous structure, making them an ideal candidate for the treatment of hair follicles
and sebaceous gland disorder.
Effect of the Implementation of a Multiple-Behavior Self-Monitoring Intervention on Dietary Intake in Type 2 Diabetes: Secondary Data Analysis
Authors: Ko Jisook , Wang Jing , Mbue Ngozi , Schembre Susan , Cron Stanley 
Published: March 2024

Background
An electronic diary embedded in a mobile device to monitor lifestyle can be as effective as traditional methods. However, the efficacy of self-monitoring multiple behaviors for dietary intake has not been well studied in people with diabetes.

Objective
This study aimed to compare the effect of using technology-assisted self-monitoring versus paper diaries on changes in dietary intake.

Methods
This is a secondary analysis of data collected from 39 people with type 2 diabetes as part of a 3-month pilot clinical trial. Changes in energy intake and the contribution of total fat intake and total carbohydrate intake to total calories (%) from baseline to after intervention (3 months) were evaluated.

Results
In total, 26 (67%) of the 39 participants preferred mobile diaries over paper diaries. Participants in the mobile diary group showed slightly higher self-monitoring adherence. Linear mixed modeling results indicated a significant overall decrease in total energy intake (P=.005), dietary fat intake (P=.01), and carbohydrate intake (P=.08) from baseline to 3 months. No significant group differences were detected (P>.05).

Conclusions
The implementation of a 3-month, multiple-behavior, self-monitoring intervention in Diabetes Self-Management Education programs has resulted in successful reduction in dietary intake (energy, fat, and carbohydrate), whichever self-monitoring method is chosen by participants according to their preferences. Long-term studies are needed to confirm our findings on dietary intake and examine other behavioral and disease outcomes that require monitoring.
How a National Organization Works in Partnership With People Who Have Lived Experience in Mental Health Improvement Programs: Protocol for an Exploratory Case Study
Authors: Robertson Ciara , Hibberd Carina , Shepherd Ashley , Johnston Gordon 
Published: March 2024

Background
This is a research proposal for a case study to explore how a national organization works in partnership with people with lived experience in national mental health improvement programs. Quality improvement is considered a key solution to addressing challenges within health care, and in Scotland, there are significant efforts to use quality improvement as a means of improving health and social care delivery. In 2016, Healthcare Improvement Scotland (HIS) established the improvement hub, whose purpose is to lead national improvement programs that use a range of approaches to support teams and services. Working in partnership with people with lived experience is recognized as a key component of such improvement work. There is, however, little understanding of how this is manifested in practice in national organizations. To address gaps in evidence and strengthen a consistent approach, a greater understanding is required to improve partnership working.

Objective
The aim of this study is to better understand how a national organization works in partnership with people who have lived experience with improvement programs in mental health services, exploring people’s experiences of partnership working in a national organization. An exploratory case study approach will be used to address the research questions in relation to the Personality Disorder (PD) Improvement Programme: (1) How is partnership working described in the PD Improvement Programme? (2) How is partnership working manifested in practice in the PD Improvement Programme? and (3) What factors influence partnership working in the PD Improvement Programme?

Methods
An exploratory case study approach will be used in relation to the PD Improvement Programme, led by HIS. This research will explore how partnership working with people with lived experience is described and manifested in practice, outlining factors influencing partnership working. Data will be gathered from various qualitative sources, and analysis will deepen an understanding of partnership working.

Results
This study is part of a clinical doctorate program at the University of Stirling and is unfunded. Data collection was completed in October 2023; analysis is expected to be completed and results will be published in January 2025.

Conclusions
This study will produce new knowledge on ways of working with people with lived experience and will have practical implications for all improvement-focused interventions. Although the main focus of the study is on national improvement programs, it is anticipated that this study will contribute to the understanding of how all national public service organizations work in partnership with people with lived experience of mental health care.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/51779
Practice Standards in International Medical Departments of Public Academic Hospitals in China: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zhou Yaxu , Zhou Ying , Xu Di , Min Jie , Du Yu , Duan Qi , Bao Wen , Sun Yingying , Xi Huiqin , Wang Chunming , Bischof Evelyne 
Published: March 2024

Background
Improving health care in cities with a diverse, international population is crucial for ensuring health equity, particularly for foreigners facing challenges due to cultural and language barriers. This situation is especially relevant in China, a major destination for expatriates and travelers, where optimizing health care services and incorporating international standards in the public sector are vital. Achieving this involves understanding the operational details, cultural and linguistic nuances, and advancing medical digitalization. A strategic approach focusing on cultural competence and awareness of health care systems is essential for effectively navigating health care for foreigners and expatriates in China.

Objective
The aim of this study was to perform an in-depth analysis of the subjective and objective experiences of local and international patients in public hospitals in China to provide a basis for enhancing the medical experience of all patients.

Methods
A structured questionnaire was provided to patients at an international outpatient service of a top-tier university hospital in China. Qualitative analysis of the survey responses was performed to methodically categorize and analyze medical treatment, focusing on patient demand and satisfaction across four main category elements (“high demand, high satisfaction”; “high demand, low satisfaction”; “low demand, high satisfaction”; and “low demand, low satisfaction”), enabling a detailed cross-sectional analysis to identify areas for improvement.

Results
Elements falling under “high demand, high satisfaction” for both Chinese and international patients were primarily in the realms of medical quality and treatment processes. In contrast, elements identified as “high demand, low satisfaction” were significantly different between the two patient groups.

Conclusions
The findings highlight the importance of systematic, objective research in advancing the quality of international health care services within China’s leading academic medical centers. Key to this improvement is rigorous quality control involving both patients and providers. This study highlights the necessity of certifying such centers and emphasizes the role of digital platforms in disseminating information about medical services. This strategy is expected to cater to diverse patient needs, enhancing the overall patient experience. Furthermore, by developing comprehensive diagnosis and treatment services and highlighting the superior quality and costs associated with international health care, these efforts aim to foster a sense of belonging among international patients and increase the attractiveness of China’s medical services for this demographic.
Terms of exclusion or limitation of contractual liability under English civil law
Authors: Hasneziri Luan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
English contract law pays great attention to the terms of exclusion or limitation of contractual liability that the parties may provide in a contract. This is due to the fact that these terms can be considered as a social problem, since they are a means by which the contracting parties seek to avoid liability for non-fulfillment of contractual obligations. In this sense, these terms constitute an easy way for the contracting party, which is stronger, to exclude itself from liability to the other party. This is especially true in consumer related contracts.
The purpose of this paper is to address how these terms are regulated by doctrine and jurisprudence in England. This paper consists of two main cases. In the first case, the content and features of the terms of exclusion or limitation of contractual liability will be analyzed according to common law or judicial practice in England. It is understood that in this case, at the center of attention will be the analysis of the decisions of courts of different levels or the analysis of judicial precedents, since it is the latter that gives the meaning and content of these terms.
In the second case, the terms of exclusion or limitation of contractual liability will be analyzed in general, according to the English law: “The Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977”. Here we will specifically analyze the reasons that drove the legislators in England to pass this law, as well as address some of the main provisions of this law, as well as the impact they have had on judicial practice. Also, special attention will be paid to the cases of English judicial practice in relation to the correct and exact meaning of the concrete provisions of this law.