bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma accounts for nearly all squamous cell carcinomas of the parotid gland
Authors: Bradley Patrick J. , Stenman Göran , Thompson Lester D. R. , Skálová Alena , Simpson Roderick H. W. , Slootweg Pieter J. , Franchi Alessandro , Zidar Nina , Nadal Alfons , Hellquist Henrik , Williams Michelle D. , Leivo Ilmo , Agaimy Abbas , Ferlito Alfio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrimary squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid gland (pSCCP) has long been recognized as a separate entity and is included in the WHO classifications of salivary gland tumors. However, it is widely accepted among head and neck pathologists that pSCCP is exceptionally rare. Yet, there are many publications describing series of pSCCP and data from SEER and other cancer register databases indicate erroneously an increasing incidence of pSCCP. Importantly, pSCCP and metastatic (secondary) squamous cell carcinoma to the parotid gland (mSCCP) have nearly identical histological features, and the diagnosis of pSCCP should only be made after the exclusion of mSCCP. Moreover, all of the histological diagnostic criteria proposed to be in favor of pSCCP (such as, for example, dysplasia of ductal epithelium) can be encountered in unequivocal mSCCP, thereby representing secondary growth along preexistent ducts. Squamous cell differentiation has also been reported in rare genetically defined primary parotid carcinomas, either as unequivocal histological squamous features (e.g., NUT carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma), by immunohistochemistry (e.g., in NUT carcinoma, adamantinoma-like Ewing sarcoma, basal-type salivary duct carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma), or a combination of both. Another major issue in this context is that the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding system does not distinguish between primary or metastatic disease, resulting in a large number of patients with mSCCP being misclassified as pSCCP. Immunohistochemistry and new molecular biomarkers have significantly improved the accuracy of the diagnosis of many salivary gland neoplasms, but until recently there were no biomarkers that can accurately distinguish between mSCCP and pSCCP. However, recent genomic profiling studies have unequivocally demonstrated that almost all SCCP analyzed to date have an ultraviolet light (UV)-induced mutational signature typical of mSCCP of skin origin. Thus, mutational signature analysis can be a very useful tool in determining the cutaneous origin of these tumors. Additional molecular studies may shed new light on this old diagnostic and clinical problem. This review presents a critical view of head and neck experts on this topic.
Utilization of sperm cryopreservation in patients with testicular cancer
Authors: Menzel Viktoria , Richter Emilia , Helke Charlotte , Bürk Björn Thorben , Erb Holger H. H. , Leike Steffen , Borkowetz Angelika , Thomas Christian , Baunacke Martin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We assessed factors that affect the utilization of sperm cryopreservation before 2021, when patients covered expenses, and the influence on quality of life.

Methods
Between 2011 and 2021, testicular cancer survivors (TCS) at our clinic completed a questionnaire, including EORTC QLQ-TC26, covering sperm cryopreservation, sociodemographic details, post-treatment births, and artificial insemination.

Results
After 5.7 ± 3.0 years, 279 participants (64%) responded to the questionnaire. Among them, 33% (91/279) of testicular cancer survivors chose sperm cryopreservation prior to treatment, with 11% (10/91) using it for insemination. Conversely, 2% (3/188) without cryopreservation reported unfulfilled desire to have children. Univariate analysis showed TCS with cryopreservation were younger (30.6 ± 7.1 (35 (21–59)) vs. 42.4 ± 10.9 (48 (22–81)) years; p = 0.001), had a lower BMI (24.2 ± 3.3 vs. 26.6 ± 4.6 kg/m2; p = 0.009) and a lower Charlson Score (> 3: 36% vs. 60%; p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed older age (≥ 37 years: OR 13.1 (5.5–31.2), p < 0.001) and lower education (middle school or less: OR 3.3 (1.6–6.9), p = 0.001) as independent factors associated with not undergoing cryopreservation. Regarding quality of life, multivariate analysis identified a lower infertility anxiety score (OR 4.3 (2.0–9.0), p < 0.001) and higher age (≥ 44 years: OR 5.4 (2.6–11.3); p < 0.001) as predictors for the absence of prior cryopreservation.

Conclusions
Age and education seem to impact the choice of undergoing paid sperm cryopreservation. Urologists should inform testicular cancer patients about costs and coverage. Importantly, the occurrence of unmet desires for parenthood is minimal among those who forego cryopreservation.
The development of tissue handling skills is sufficient and comparable after training in virtual reality or on a surgical robotic system: a prospective randomized trial
Authors: von Bechtolsheim Felix , Franz Andreas , Schmidt Sofia , Schneider Alfred , La Rosée Felicitas , Radulova-Mauersberger Olga , Krause-Jüttler Grit , Hümpel Anja , Bodenstedt Sebastian , Speidel Stefanie , Weitz Jürgen , Distler Marius , Oehme Florian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Virtual reality is a frequently chosen method for learning the basics of robotic surgery. However, it is unclear whether tissue handling is adequately trained in VR training compared to training on a real robotic system.

Methods
In this randomized controlled trial, participants were split into two groups for “Fundamentals of Robotic Surgery (FRS)” training on either a DaVinci VR simulator (VR group) or a DaVinci robotic system (Robot group). All participants completed four tasks on the DaVinci robotic system before training (Baseline test), after proficiency in three FRS tasks (Midterm test), and after proficiency in all FRS tasks (Final test). Primary endpoints were forces applied across tests.

Results
This trial included 87 robotic novices, of which 43 and 44 participants received FRS training in VR group and Robot group, respectively. The Baseline test showed no significant differences in force application between the groups indicating a sufficient randomization. In the Midterm and Final test, the force application was not different between groups. Both groups displayed sufficient learning curves with significant improvement of force application. However, the Robot group needed significantly less repetitions in the three FRS tasks Ring tower (Robot: 2.48 vs. VR: 5.45; p < 0.001), Knot Tying (Robot: 5.34 vs. VR: 8.13; p = 0.006), and Vessel Energy Dissection (Robot: 2 vs. VR: 2.38; p = 0.001) until reaching proficiency.

Conclusion
Robotic tissue handling skills improve significantly and comparably after both VR training and training on a real robotic system, but training on a VR simulator might be less efficient.
Age-stratified analysis of HTO and UKA clinical effects in cross-indicated anterior medial osteoarthritis
Authors: Xu Han , Tu Huali , Zhao Tianzuo , Xu Daofei , Yu Qinglong , Liao Long , Zhang Tao , Shi Bo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To compare clinical outcomes of high tibial osteotomy (HTO) and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) for anterior medial osteoarthritis (AMOA) as well as offer surgical recommendations through age stratification.

Methods
Between May 2019 and May 2021, 68 cross-indicated AMOA patients were analyzed. The patients were divided into HTO and UKA groups and further into two age groups of 55–60 and 60–65 years. Additionally, general data, visual analog scale (VAS) score, and Hospital for Special Surgery knee score (HSS) were analyzed.

Results
All the patients were followed up for 18 months. Knee joint HSS significantly improved, and VAS score decreased in both groups (P < 0.05). In the 55–60 age group, HTO showed superior knee HSS at 1 and 3 months (P < 0.05), with no significant difference at 6, 12, and 18 months. HTO had a significantly lower VAS score at one month, and the VAS scores of the two groups decreased gradually with no significant difference. In the 60–65 age group, the UKA group showed superior knee joint HSS at one month, with no significant difference at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months. The UKA group had a significantly lower VAS score at one month, and both groups’ VAS scores decreased gradually with no significant difference.

Conclusion
Both methods yield satisfactory results for AMOA cross-indications, improving knee joint function. The observed recovery trends have implications for personalized surgical recommendations, guiding interventions based on age-specific considerations for optimal outcomes in anterior medial osteoarthritis cases.
Effectiveness of secondary furlow palatoplasty with buccal myomucosal flap in correction of velopharyngeal insufficiency in patients with cleft palate
Authors: Aboulhassan Mamdouh Ahmed , Elrouby Iman Mohamed , Refahee Shaimaa Mohsen , Abd-El-Ghafour Mohamed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The main purpose of this study was evaluation of the effectiveness of secondary furlow palatoplasty with buccal myomucosal flap (FPBF) for the treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) in patients with a cleft palate who were treated with two flap palatoplasty (TFP) in their primary palate repair.

Material and methods
Twenty-three medically free children aged 4–8 years with non-syndromic and previously repaired cleft palate via TFP participated in the study. All patients received secondary surgery following the technique of FPBF. Preoperative speech evaluation was done before the secondary repair and 3 months after the surgery using a hypernasal speech scale, speech intelligibility scale, and nasopharyngoscopy.

Results
A statistically significant improvement was observed regarding the degree of hypernasality and speech intelligibility while comparing the preoperative scores after the primary surgery to the postoperative scores after the secondary surgery.
In addition, a statistically significant improvement was found in the nasopharyngoscopic assessment.

Conclusions
The incorporation of a buccal myomucosal flap with Furlow palatoplasty was successful in improving hypernasality, speech intelligibility, and nasopharyngoscopic scores in patients with cleft palate.

Trial registration
clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05626933).

Clinical relevance
This technique might be the surgical technique of choice while treating patients who are suffering from VPI after cleft palate repair.
Isolated dentinogenesis imperfecta: Novel DSPP variants and insights on genetic counselling
Authors: Hassib Nehal F. , Mehrez Mennat , Mostafa Mostafa I. , Abdel-Hamid Mohamed S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) is an inherited dentin defect and may be isolated or associated with disorders such as osteogenesis imperfecta, odontochondrodysplasia Ehler-Danlos and others. Isolated DI is caused mainly by pathogenic variants in DSPP gene and around 50 different variants have been described in this gene. Herein, we report on 19 patients from two unrelated Egyptian families with isolated DI. Additionally, we focused on genetic counselling of the two families.

Materials and methods
The patients were examined clinically and dentally. Panoramic X-rays were done to some patients. Whole exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were used.

Results
WES revealed two new nonsense variants in DSPP gene, c.288T > A (p.Tyr96Ter) and c.255G > A (p.Trp85Ter). Segregation analysis by Sanger sequencing confirmed the presence of the first variant in all affected members of Family 1 while the second variant was confirmed to be de novo in the patient of Family 2.

Conclusions and clinical relevance
Our study extends the number of DSPP pathogenic variants and strengthens the fact that DSPP is the most common DI causative gene irrespective of patients’ ethnicity. In addition, we provide insights on genetic counseling issues in patients with inherited DSPP variants taking into consideration the variable religion, culture and laws in our society.
Team usability testing: development and validation of a groupware usability evaluation method
Authors: Geszten Dalma , Hámornik Balázs Péter , Hercegfi Károly 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAs virtual teamwork became widespread, the importance of the usability of groupware has increased, as groupware must have high usability in order to properly support teamwork. Several studies have focused on the usability evaluation of groupware, yet, both in terms of science and practice, there is a lack of a method that, like existing empirical single-user methods, can be routinely applied in software development practice. The new Team Usability Testing method differs from previous methods in that it is an empirical method for evaluating synchronous (real-time) collaborative software that explores the team usability problems with the help of real or potential users. The method consists of questionnaires, screen recording videos and group interviews, and the framework of data processing is based on the theory of the mechanics of collaboration. In the four steps of the development of the method, empirical studies under laboratory conditions and real working conditions, and then, for validation purposes, analytical, heuristic evaluation with the involvement of usability experts were performed. During the development and the application of the method, the communication patterns of different teams were examined in terms of their relationship to software usability. In this paper we present the results of the second laboratory study and the heuristic evaluation in details. Overall, the method is able to explore team usability problems of different types of teams, making it a valuable element in existing methods for evaluating the usability of groupware.
Comparison of decline in different cognitive domain in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus
Authors: Rýdlo Ondřej , Bubeníková Adéla , Häcklová Klára , Skalický Petr , Leško Róbert , Ebelová Adéla , Netuka David , IIIrd Vladimír Beneš , Beneš Vladimír , Bradáč Ondřej 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe sought to describe the cognitive profile of patients with Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (iNPH) using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Based on age and education correlated norms, we aimed to compare performance in each measured cognitive domain: executive functions (EFs), verbal memory (VM), non-verbal memory (nVM), visuoconstructional abilities (VA) and attention/psychomotor speed (A/PS). Patients diagnosed with iNPH underwent comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation before shunting. Their performance was compared to the age and education correlated norms. Correlation of different cognitive domains in iNPH profile was performed. A total of 53 iNPH patients (73.21 ± 5.48 years) were included in the study. All of the measured cognitive domains were significantly damaged. The most affected domains were EFs and VM (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). A/PS domain was affected milder than EFs and VM (p<0.001). The least affected domains were nVM (p<0.001) and VA (p<0.001). Patients with iNPH are affected in all cognitive domains and the cognitive decline is uneven across these domains. The impairment of memory was shown to depend on the presented material. VM was shown to be much more severely affected than nVM and along with VM, EFs were shown to be the most affected. A/PS speed was shown to be less affected than VM and EFs and the least affected domains were nVM and VA.
Clinical impact of transient lymphopenia
Authors: Petramala Luigi , Milito Cinzia , Sarlo Francesca , Servello Adriana , Circosta Francesco , Marino Luca , Sardella Germano , Trapani Piero , D’aguanno Giulio , Cimo’ Antonino , Galardo Gioacchino , Letizia Claudio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTransient or persistent immunosuppression is a known risk factor for morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Aim of the present study is to evaluate the lymphopenia in patients admitted to the Emergency Unit of AOU Policlinico Umberto I, to investigate its prevalence at admission and the persistence during hospitalization until discharge. Possible correlations were evaluated between lymphopenia, diagnosis of admission, comorbidities and chronic treatments. In this study, 240 patients (142 men; 98 female; mean age 75.1 ± 15.1) were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups according to the lymphocytes count at hospital admission, namely “Group A” with lymphopenia and “Group B” with values in the normal range. Moreover, the patients in group A were distinguished in relation to the regression or persistence of the lymphopenia assessed at the time of hospital discharge (Group A1: persistence; Group A2: normalization). Prevalence of lymphopenia at admission was 57%; Group A showed higher mean age and percentage of patients over 65 years of age; and none differences were observed regarding gender. Prevalence of lymphopenia at admission was 57%; Group A showed higher mean age and percentage of patients over 65 years of age; no differences were observed regarding gender. All subsets of the lymphocytes (CD4+, CD8+, NK) were equally reduced. Persistent lymphopenia was found in 19% of patients. Lymphopenia should be valued at the time of hospital admission as a factor influencing the prognosis, the management and the treatment of these patients.
Sustainability performance assessment of freight transportation modes using an integrated decision-making framework based on m-generalized q-neutrosophic sets
Authors: Görçün Ömer Faruk , Tirkolaee Erfan Babaee , Aytekin Ahmet , Korucuk Selçuk 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe freight transport industry is one of the primary sectors responsible for excessive energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Restructuring international and domestic freight transport chains based on sustainability and green transportation is critical for practitioners and policymakers to reduce pressure on the logistics and transportation industries. This study aims to develop a mathematical model for selecting the most appropriate transportation type, and accordingly, the optimal route in transportation operations to improve the sustainability performance of the freight transportation industry. Therefore, the main goal is to choose the most suitable route and transportation type which contributes to create a more eco-friendly and sustainable transportation system. For this purpose, Neutrosophic Number-based Delphi (NN-Delphi), m-Generalized q-Neutrosophic Sets (mGqNSs)-based Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (MGqNS-SWARA) and mGqNSs-based Additive Ratio Assessment (mGqNS-ARAS) are developed and implemented to set the influential criteria, compute the weights of these criteria, and identify the sustainability performance of the freight mode variants, respectively. According to the final results, "Cargo security" and "Accident rates" are the most important criteria with a relative importance score of 0.0237, contributing to the sustainability of load transport modes. Moreover, "Maritime Transport Mode" is identified as the most sustainable transportation type with a relative importance score of 0.7895. Finally, it is revealed that there is a positive relationship between maritime transport and sustainability.
Changes in Stress Following Wage Increases for Early Childhood Educators
Authors: Bates Randi A. , Dynia Jaclyn M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEarly childhood educators have one of the most important roles in society, helping the youngest generation flourish, yet educators earn some of the lowest wages. Given their disparate financial value, educators have unsurprisingly reported high stress. Educators’ high stress and low wages may affect their health, workplace turnover, and children’s development. Here, we observed whether natural wage increases were associated with reduced stress in educators during the 2021–2022 academic year. Across two time points (TPs), 67 center-based educators of children 0–5 years old completed surveys on their wages and psychological stress (perceived stress, depression, and anxiety). Fifty educators provided hair cortisol concentration to represent chronic physiological stress. Over about three months, educators received a mean wage increase of $1.85/hour. Before the wage increase, minoritized educators earned about $1.50 less than White educators, but earnings were more similar at the second TP. Educators’ depression at the start of the academic year was related to their next three months’ of physiological stress. Over time, educators’ stress remained high and was unassociated with wage changes. Our results suggest a concentrated examination into eliminating wage inequities and reducing the stress of educators.
A mathematical model with uncertainty quantification for allelopathy with applications to real-world data
Authors: Bevia Vicente J. , Cortés Juan-Carlos , Moscardó Ana , Pérez Cristina Luisovna , Villanueva Rafael-Jacinto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe revisit a deterministic model for studying the dynamics of allelopathy. The model is formulated in terms of a non-homogeneous linear system of differential equations whose forcing or source term is a piecewise constant function (square wave). To account for the inherent uncertainties present in this natural phenomenon, we reformulate the model as a system of random differential equations where all model parameters and the initial condition are assumed to be random variables, while the forcing term is a stochastic process. Taking extensive advantage of the so-called Random Variable Transformation (RVT) method, we obtain the solution of the randomized model by providing explicit expressions of the first probability density function of the solution under very general assumptions on the model data. We also determine the joint probability density function of the non-trivial equilibrium point, which is a random vector. If the source term is a time-dependent stochastic process, the RVT method might not be applicable since no explicit solution of the model is available. We then show an alternative approach to overcome this drawback by applying the Liouville–Gibbs partial differential equation. All the theoretical findings are illustrated through several examples, including the application of the randomized model to real-world data on alkaloid contents from leaching thornapple seed.
Mineral composition modulates Erwinia amylovora resistance in pear based on path analysis
Authors: Mertoğlu Kerem , Evrenosoğlu Yasemin , Akkurt Emre , Yeşilbaş Mücahit Furkan , Gülmezoğlu Nurdilek 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe effects of mineral composition (N, P, K, Mg, Fe, Cu, and Zn) against fire blight caused by Erwinia amylovora, the most devastating disease of pome fruits, was investigated in pear. Due to the transport physiology of minerals, the leaf contained higher concentrations of every mineral analyzed, especially macro-minerals (N, P, K, and Mg) compared to the fruit. Minerals obtained from the leaves were not statistically correlated with resistance to fire blight, however all the minerals examined in the fruit, except for K, were found to be significant. Increased P and Mg concentrations were associated with disease resistance, while N, Zn, Fe, and Cu were associated with susceptibility. Nitrogen-causing susceptibility exerted 61% of this impact through itself directly and was sharply distinguished from other mineral compounds. Furthermore, the indirect effect of nitrogen on disease susceptibility through Cu (39%), Zn (33%), and Fe (30%) was even higher than the direct effect of these minerals (21%, 24%, and 29%, respectively). The direct effects of P (13%) and Mg (10%), which are associated with an increase in resistance, were lower than the indirect effects (19% and 29%, respectively) due to their negative correlation with nitrogen, showing that the main effect of these minerals was in suppressing the negative effects of nitrogen on susceptibility by maintaining mineral balance.