bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting to carcinoma cells with chitosan‐ and starch‐coated magnetic nanoparticles for magnetic hyperthermia
Authors: Kim Dong‐Hyun , Kim Kyoung‐Nam , Kim Kwang‐Mahn , Lee Yong‐Keun 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe delivery of hyperthermic thermoseeds to a specific target site with minimal side effects is an important challenge in targeted hyperthermia, which employs magnetic method and functional polymers. An external magnetic field is used to control the site‐specific targeting of the magnetic nanoparticles. Polymer‐coated magnetic nanoparticles can confer a higher affinity to the biological cell membranes. In this study, uncoated, chitosan‐coated, and starch‐coated magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized for use as a hyperthermic thermoseed. Each sample was examined with respect to their applications to hyperthermia using XRD, VSM, and FTIR. In addition, the temperature changes under an alternating magnetic field were observed. As in vitro tests, the magnetic responsiveness of chitosan‐ and starch‐coated magnetite was determined by a simple blood vessel model under various intensities of magnetic field. L929 normal cells and KB carcinoma cells were used to examine the cytotoxicity and affinity of each sample using the MTT method. The chitosan‐coated magnetic nanoparticles generated a higher ΔT of 23°C under an AC magnetic field than the starch‐coated magnetite, and the capturing rate of the particles was 96% under an external magnetic field of 0.4 T. The highest viability of L929 cells was 93.7%. Comparing the rate of KB cells capture with the rate of L929 cells capture, the rate of KB cells capture relatively increased with 10.8% in chitosan‐coated magnetic nanoparticles. Hence, chitosan‐coated magnetic nanoparticles are biocompatible and have a selective affinity to KB cells. The targeting of magnetic nanoparticles in hyperthermia was improved using a controlled magnetic field and a chitosan‐coating. Therefore, chitosan‐coated magnetic nanoparticles are expected to be promising materials for use in magnetic targeted hyperthermia. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Iron‐phosphate glass fiber scaffolds for the hard–soft interface regeneration: The effect of fiber diameter and flow culture condition on cell survival and differentiation
Authors: Bitar Malak , Salih Vehid , Knowles Jonathan C. , Lewis Mark P. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis work investigated the further development of a well‐characterized, contiguous, glass fiber system for regeneration of the hard–soft tissue interface. We evaluated the effect of fiber diameter on human osteoblasts and fibroblasts attachment and viability using ternary glass fibers of the composition 0.48 CaO – 0.02 Na2O – 0.50 P2O5. Fiber diameter significantly influenced cell attachment and survival, with fibers drawn at 800 revolutions per minute found to be optimal. Using a known composition of iron‐phosphate glass fibers (composition 0.46 CaO – 0.01 Na2O – 0.03 Fe2O3 – 0.50 P2O5), scaffolds were produced. These scaffolds were incorporated within an open laminar flow culture system to provide nutrients, oxygen, and waste perfusion throughout the culture. The design of the chamber ensured that laminar flow was present, and changes in the differentiation of both osteoblast and fibroblast seeded scaffolds were assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Our data show that osteoblast and fibroblast differentiation is unaffected or enhanced by laminar flow when compared with static culture conditions. This system can therefore be adapted to construct larger, more complex, three‐dimensional iron‐phosphate fiber scaffolds for tissue engineering. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2008
Delusional disorder–jealous type: how inclusive are the DSM–IV diagnostic criteria?
Authors: Easton Judith A. , Shackelford Todd K. , Schipper Lucas D. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractDelusional disorder–jealous type is a new diagnostic category in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM‐IV‐TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) in which delusions concerning a partner's infidelity must be present. Therefore, patients who experience a jealousy disorder, but do not experience delusions will not fit the diagnostic criteria. Using a database of 398 case histories of jealousy disorders reported in the literature from 1940–2002, we examined the percentage of these cases that met the diagnostic criteria for delusional disorder–jealous type. Only 4% of the cases met all diagnostic criteria. This is the first systematic comparison of the prevalence of these disorders. The results provide evidence that the diagnostic criteria are not inclusive, as most individuals suffering with a jealousy disorder were excluded from the diagnosis. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 64: 1–12, 2008.
Optimization of the culture conditions for production of glutamate decarboxylase by Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus
Authors: Yang Sheng‐Yuan , Yu Bo , Lu Zhao‐Xin , Bie Xiao‐Mei , Lin Qian , Sun Li‐Jun 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe culture conditions for glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) production under submerged fermentation by Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus were investigated. The results indicated the optimum culture medium was composed as follows: 15.0 g L−1 of peptone, 12.5 g L−1 of beef extract, 12.5 g L−1 of sucrose, 1.03 g L−1 of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5 g L−1 of sodium acetate, 2 g L−1 of ammonium dibasic citrate, 2.12 g L−1 of calcium chloride, 1 g L−1 of Tween 80, and initial pH 6.79. The optimum culture temperature and time were 37 °C and 12 h, respectively. Under these conditions, GAD production was 257.46 ± 5.12 U, which was about 1.45‐fold that of Man–Rogosa–Sharpe broth. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of ultrasound on culture of Aspergillus terreus
Authors: Sainz Herrán Nuria , Casas López José L , Sánchez Pérez José A , Chisti Yusuf 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Fermentations of Aspergillus terreus are commercially used to produce lovastatin. How ultrasound might influence this fermentation is unknown. While high‐intensity ultrasound is effective in disrupting microbial cells, ultrasound of low intensity is known to improve productivity of some fermentation processes without damaging cells. Mechanisms behind productivity improvements have not been clearly identified in earlier studies. This work reports on the effects of ultrasound on A. terreus fermentation for low (957 W m−3), medium (2870 W m−3) and high (4783 W m−3) values of sonication power input in a slurry bubble column sonobioreactor.RESULTS: Sonication at any power level did not affect biomass growth profiles in comparison with negative controls. In contrast, medium‐ and high‐intensity sonication greatly reduced production of lovastatin and substantially altered the growth morphology. At medium and high intensity, ultrasound disrupted fungal pellets and caused the biomass to grow mainly as dispersed hyphae. Sonication affected broth rheology because rheology depends on the morphology of the suspended biomass.CONCLUSION: Sonication can be used to modify growth morphology and broth rheology without affecting growth of filamentous fungi. Sonication appears to influence the primary growth metabolism and secondary metabolism differently in different situations. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of hypoxia on vertebrate blood vessels
Authors: Russell Michael J. , Dombkowski Ryan A. , Olson Kenneth R. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractHypoxia contracts mammalian respiratory vessels and increases vascular resistance in respiratory tissues of many vertebrates. In systemic vessels these responses vary, hypoxia relaxes mammalian vessels and contracts systemic arteries from cyclostomes. It has been proposed that hypoxic vasoconstriction in cyclostome systemic arteries is the antecedent to mammalian hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, however, phylogenetic characterization of hypoxic responses is lacking. In this study, we characterized the hypoxic response of isolated systemic and respiratory vessels from a variety of vertebrates using standard myography. Pre‐gill/respiratory (ventral aorta, afferent branchial artery, pulmonary artery) and post‐gill/systemic (dorsal and thoracic aortas, efferent branchial artery) from lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus), yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), American bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana), American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis), Pekin duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus), chicken (Gallus domesticus) and rat (Rattus norvegicus) were exposed to hypoxia at rest or during pre‐stimulation (elevated extracellular potassium, epinephrine or norepinephrine). Hypoxia produced a relaxation or transient contraction followed by relaxation in all pre‐gill vessels, except for contraction in lamprey, and vasoconstriction or tri‐phasic constriction‐dilation‐constriction in all pulmonary vessels. Hypoxia contracted systemic vessels from all animals except shark and rat and in pre‐contracted rat aortas it produced a transient contraction followed by relaxation. These results show that while the classic “systemic hypoxic vasodilation and pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction” may occur in the microcirculation, the hypoxic response of the vertebrate macrocirculation is quite variable. These findings also suggest that hypoxic vasoconstriction is a phylogenetically ancient response.J. Exp. Zool. 309A:55–63, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of heterotypic tissue interactions in deer pedicle and first antler formation—revealed via a membrane insertion approach
Authors: Li Chunyi , Yang Fuhe , Xing Xiumei , Gao Xiuhua , Deng Xuming , Mackintosh Colin , Suttie James M. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractHeterotypic tissue interactions play an indispensable role in organ generation and regeneration. In contrast to the classic examples of tissue interactions prevailing in the formation of tetrapod limbs or pectoral fins that can only take place when the interactive tissues are in intimate contacts, the interactions in deer antler formation are novel in that the inducer and the responder are separated by a distance of 1–2 mm. This feature offers a unique opportunity to explore the mechanism underlying tissue interactions by permitting membrane insertion between the two interactive tissues. Four experiments were conducted in this study. The results showed that the impermeable membranes inhibited antler formation. In contrast, the permeable membrane (0.45 µm in pore size) substantially slowed pedicle growth and antler initiation but did not stop them. Interestingly, the impermeable membrane/sheath only slightly retarded antler elongation. Overall, our results demonstrate that interactions between the two interactive tissues, antlerogenic tissue and the overlying skin, are indispensable for first antler initiation and are achieved through diffusible molecules rather than direct physical contact. As the heterotypic tissue interactions are only required during antler initiation but not elongation, they must be transient in nature, and thus differ from those operating in limb/fin formation that can only be sustained by continuous interactions. A system in which organ development is achieved only through transient tissue interactions must be novel, if not completely unique. Understanding this system will undoubtedly enrich the knowledge in the field of tissue interactions and organogenesis. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 310B:267–277, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immobilization of plasmid DNA on an anti‐DNA antibody modified coronary stent for intravascular site‐specific gene therapy
Authors: Jin Xu , Mei Lin , Song Cunxian , Liu Lanxia , Leng Xigang , Sun Hongfan , Kong Deling , Levy Robert J. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to investigate the incorporation of plasmid DNA (pDNA) onto a coronary stent by chemo‐immunoconjugation for achieving site‐specific gene delivery.MethodsAnti‐DNA immunoglobulin M antibody was chemically linked onto collagen‐coated stent by using N‐succinimidyl‐3‐(2‐pyridyldithiol)‐propionate as cross‐linker. pDNA was tethered on the antibody‐immobilized stent by highly specific antigen‐antibody affinity interaction. Radioactive‐labeled antibody and pDNA were used to evaluate binding capacity and stability. A reporter plasmid pEGFP was tethered on the antibody‐immobilized stents that was assessed in cell culture and in rabbit carotid model.ResultsThe amount of antibody chemically linked on the stents was 15‐fold higher than that of the control and its retention time was also significantly longer. The pEGFP‐tethered stents had no detrimental effects on cell growth. In cell culture studies, numerous green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐transfected cells were only found on the stent, which demonstrated high localization and efficiency of gene delivery. The overall GFP transfection efficiency in treated rabbit carotid arteries was 2.8 ± 0.7% of the total cells. However, the rate of neointima transfection was 7.0 ± 0.8% of total cells in this region. Importantly, no distal spreading of the vector was detected by polymerase chain reaction, either in distal organs or in the downstream segments of the stented arteries.ConclusionsFor the first time, our group reports the successful use of anti‐DNA antibody‐immobilized metal stent as plasmid gene delivery system that possess high efficiency and site‐specificity in vitro and in vivo. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Potential interaction of Ginkgo biloba leaf with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs: What is the evidence?
Authors: Bone Kerry Martin 
Published: January 2008

AbstractSome writers hold the view that the combination of Ginkgo biloba with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs represents a serious health risk. Such concerns are largely based on the assumption that Ginkgo has clinically relevant antiplatelet activity, as well as accounts of bleeding episodes associated with Ginkgo consumption. To investigate whether these bleeding episodes have a pharmacodynamic, idiosyncratic or coincidental basis, a review of controlled clinical studies and case reports was undertaken. Results from controlled studies consistently indicate that Ginkgo does not significantly impact haemostasis nor adversely affect the safety of coadministered aspirin or warfarin. Most of these studies were undertaken using EGb 761, a well‐defined extract of Ginkgo biloba. In contrast, EGb 761 has not generally been implicated in the case reports. In general, the quality of these case reports is low. Nevertheless, the possibility of an idiosyncratic bleeding event due to Ginkgo use cannot be excluded on the basis of the available information. However, there is scant information from case reports or controlled trials to support the suggestion that Ginkgo potentiates the effects of anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs. Such high‐level safety concerns for this herb are deemed to be unsupported by the currently available evidence.
Phenolics from purple grape, apple, purple grape juice and apple juice prevent early atherosclerosis induced by an atherogenic diet in hamsters
Authors: Décordé Kelly , Teissèdre Pierre‐Louis , Auger Cyril , Cristol Jean‐Paul , Rouanet Jean‐Max 
Published: January 2008

AbstractKnowledge of the effects of processing on the antioxidant properties of fruits is limited. We investigated the processing of apple (A) and purple grape (PG) and their juices (AJ and PGJ) in hypercholesterolemic hamsters. Five groups of eight hamsters each were fed an atherogenic diet for 12 wk. They received daily by gavage either 7.14 mL/(kg.day) of mashed A or PG, or the same volume of AJ or PGJ, or water as control. Plasma cholesterol, non‐HDL cholesterol, liver superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were efficiently reduced by the fruits and their juices compared with controls, whereas plasma antioxidant capacity was increased and aortic fatty streak area was decreased from 48 to 93%. For each of these parameters, the efficacy was PGJ > PG > AJ > A. The results show for the first time that long‐term consumption of antioxidants supplied by apple and purple grape, especially phenolic compounds, prevents the development of atherosclerosis in hamsters, and that processing can have a major impact on the potential health benefits of a product. The underlying mechanism is related mainly to increased antioxidant status and improved serum lipid profile.
Compact dual‐ and wide‐band CPW‐fed slot antenna for wireless applications
Authors: Liu Wen‐Chung , Yeh Feng‐Ming 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA simple and compact coplanar waveguide (CPW)‐fed antenna for dual‐ and wide‐band wireless applications is presented. By properly embedding slots into a rectangular patch, the designed antenna thus fed by a CPW feedline and, with, including ground plane, only 24 × 25 mm2, can lead to good impedance matching in a wide dual‐band covering IMT‐2000, 5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN, and 5.8 GHz RFID operations. Prototype of the proposed antenna has been constructed and experimentally studied. The measured results not only explore good dualband operations with wide −10 dB impedance bandwidths of 370 and 4.13 GHz at the lower and upper bands, respectively, but also show good agreement with the numerical predictions. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 574–575, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23139
An impedance‐based model for the evaluation of IM3 in nonlinear amplifiers showing memory effects
Authors: Madero‐Ayora María J. , Reina‐Tosina Javier , Crespo‐Cadenas Carlos 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA simple model that captures nonlinear memory effects in wideband amplifiers is presented in this work. The model defines an equivalent hypothetical load impedance that explains asymmetries, in magnitude and phase, in two‐tone IM products, showing good correspondence with measurements. It helps to understand the intermodulation distortion dependence on modulation bandwidth. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 568–573, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23140
Fiber‐optic displacement sensor using a multimode bundle fiber
Authors: Yasin Moh. , Harun S. W. , Karyono Kusminarto , Ahmad H. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA simple fiber optic displacement sensor based on intensity modulation technique is demonstrated using a bundle multimode plastic fiber as a probe. The sensor consists of a light source, a probe, and photodiode detector. The sensor is capable of measuring displacements of mirror ranging from 0.05 to 2.2 mm using a red light source of wavelength 632.8 nm with maximum output power of 1 mW. The sensitivity of the device is found to be 168.8 mV/mm over 0.05–0.35 mm range and −29.8 mV/mm over 1.05–2.2 mm range. The sensor is highly sensitive at the front slope and very useful for close distance target. The simplicity of the design, high degree of sensitivity, dynamic range and the low cost of the fabrication make it suitable for applications in industries as position control and micro displacement measurement in the hazardous region. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 661–663, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23147
Effective permeability of inner ring shorted split ring resonator
Authors: Khan M. F. , Mughal M. J. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractAnalytical expression for effective permeability of inner ring shorted split ring resonator is derived in this paper. The resonant frequencies thus calculated are compared with published results and good agreement is observed for higher split lengths. Simulation results for effective permeability with different gap lengths in the split ring resonator are also included in this paper. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 624–627, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23149
LTCC stripline resonator using embedded air cavities for millimeter wave applications
Authors: Chul Lee Young , Soon Park Chul 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA stripline T‐resonator is designed and implemented in the LTCC substrate for millimeter wave applications. The loss‐free air cavities are embedded at both side edges of the conducting strip in order to efficiently reduce the dielectric loss of the stripline structure. The resonator was implemented using 4‐layer LTCC dielectrics. The fabricated stripline resonator with air cavities reveals Q‐factor of 248 and total loss of 0.035 dB/mm at 34.7 GHz, and that is improved by 108% and 51%, respectively, compared to the conventional one. The proposed LTCC stripline resonator with the embedded air cavities can meet demands for low‐loss millimeter‐wave system‐on‐package (SoP) applications. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 658–661, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23151
Analysis of female human breast tissues at microwave frequencies
Authors: Bindu G. , Mathew K. T. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractComplex permittivities of in vitro female human breast tissues have been measured at the ISM band using rectangular resonant cavity perturbation technique. Ranges of dielectric properties and water contents of these tissues are presented. The results show that benign and malignant breast tumors can be characterized based on the variation of the dielectric properties with respect to the dielectric parameters of the normal breast tissues. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 614–616, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23160
Using finite element method to calculate capacitance, inductance, characteristic impedance of open microstrip lines
Authors: Musa Sarhan M. , Sadiku Matthew N. O. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractMicrostrip transmission lines have received more interest and attention in microwave integrated circuit design. Analysis and electrical characterization of single and coupled microstrip lines have been a major focus for researchers in integrated circuit technology. In this article, we will illustrate modeling of the capacitance, inductance, and characteristic impedance of quasi‐TEM for open microstrip lines using finite element method with COMSOL multiphysics package. In this work, we determine the capacitance per unit length, inductance per unit length, and characteristic impedance of open microstrip lines (single‐strip, double strip, and three‐strip). We compare our results with those obtained by other methods and found them to be in agreement. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 611–614, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23164
Harmonics suppression of Wilkinson power divider using spurlines with adjustable rejection bands
Authors: Liu Hai‐Wen , Shi Zhiguo , Boutejdar Ahmed , Knoechel Reinhard H. , Schuenemann Klaus F. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA newly asymmetrical spurline structure is presented in this article. Its dual‐bandgap characteristics are reported and can be adjusted by changing the length difference between spurlines. Then, a simple circuit model is set up for the spurline structure by using two LCR‐resonators and the circuit parameters can be extracted from EM simulations. Moreover, a Wilkinson power divider using the proposed spurlines was designed, fabricated, and measured. Experimental results verify that 27‐dB suppression for the second harmonic and 30‐dB suppression for the third harmonic are obtained, respectively. In addition, the reflection coefficients are −3.5 dB ± 0.3 dB (−3 dB for ideal case) below 3.8 GHz and −3.7 dB at the operating frequency 3.12 GHz. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 601–604, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23172