bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Effects of Chemotactic Factors on Eosinophil Fc and Complement Receptor Expression
Authors: Walsh G.M. , Moqbel R. , Wardlaw A.J. , Kay A.B. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractEosinophils possess membrane receptors for the Fc portions of IgG and IgE and also for fragments of the complement component C3, i.e. C3b (CR1) and C3bi (CR3). A number of mediators of inflammation are known to be able to upregulate eosinophil function in vitro, including increased expression of membrane receptors.In this study we have utilised a rosette technique to demonstrate the ability of the autacoids PAF‐acether, its inactive precursor lyso‐PAF, leukotriene B4 and histamine to enhance eosinophil immunoglobulin receptor expression. Human monoclonal immunoglobulins co‐valently linked to sheep erythrocytes (E) were used as a measure of functional IgGl and IgE receptor expression, while C3b coated E were utilised as a measure of complement receptor expression. Both PAF‐acether, leukotriene B4 and to a lesser extent, histamine gave significant increases in eosinophil IgGl and IgE rosette numbers in a time and dose dependent manner. Lyso‐PAF had no such effect. Pre‐incubation of eosinophils with PAF‐acether gave dose‐dependent significant increases in C3b rosetting.These results show that eosinophils can be activated in vitro by a number of autacoids as measured by functional increases in membrane receptor expression. This may represent a facet of in vivo eosinophil activation with possible implications for amplification of the inflammatory response.
Possible Role of Streptococcus pyogenes in Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome. V. Further Electron Microscopic Observations on Group A Beta‐Hemolytic Streptococci Inoculated into Immune Mice
Authors: Akiyama Takehisa , Osawa Nobutaka , Nakasato Kazumi , Tamaki Hideaki , Yashiro Kimio , Yamaura Noboru 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn the preceding studies, protoplast‐like “spherical bodies” were detected electron microscopically in mice which were challenged intramuscularly, approximately 15 days before, with an attenuated strain of Streptococcus pyogenes. The “spherical bodies” were 0.5–1.5 Mm in diameter, poor in ultra‐structural preservation of the cytoplasm, devoid of cell walls, and indistinguishable from those discovered in the buffy coat of peripheral blood from patients with mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (MCLS).The present investigation was intended to elucidate the intracellular localization of the “spherical bodies” and to understand better the mechanisms responsible for the elimination of viable streptococci from the infected sites. Accordingly, a larger amount of bacterial inoculum was injected i.m. into mice immunized, in advance, against streptococcal infection, and every biopsy specimen was obtained on day 3 postchallenge.Subsequently, ingested “spherical bodies” were detected under an electron microscope in the cytoplasm of phagocytic cells, including polymorphonuclears, eosinophils and fibroblasts, situated in the perimysium.
A Patient with an Extra psu dic(15) Chromosome
Authors: Sakiyama Takeshi , Noguchi Yasuyuki , Shimizu Hisashi , Kitagawa Teruo , Nakagome Yasuo 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBefore the advent of banding techniques, cases with an extra G‐group chromosome had been reported as non‐mongoloid trisomy G. It has recently been shown that in most cases the extra chromosome is a pseudo‐dicentric 15 consisting of a euchromatic segment bordered on both ends by 15p material. In this report, we describe a girl who has mental retardation (IQ 30), frequent intractable seizures, large ears, cafe‐au‐lait spots on her abdomen and a 47, XX, + psu dic(15) karyotype. The distamycin/DAPI technique was proven to be very useful in the identification of a structural rearrangement involving a chromosome 15.
Site Specific Mapping of Chromosome 21 Gene Probes and the Study of Down Syndrome
Authors: Nakai Hiroshi , Watkins Paul C. , Byers Mary G. , Shows Thomas B. , Tada Keiya 
Published: October 2007

AbstractEleven site‐specific gene probes derived from human chromosome 21 were assigned to each region on the original chromosome by in situ hybridization. These probes were isolated from a lambda library, which contains inserts from chromosome 21 in the human‐mouse hybrid cell WA17. This cell contains chromosome 21 as its only human chromosome. These single copy inserts had unique DNA sequence and had been screened for restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in the DNA of unrelated humans.Among the eleven probes, five were assigned to 21q22.3, two to 21 ql 1, and the four remaining genes were respectively assigned to 21 ql 1 ‐ 21q21, 21q21, 21q21 ‐ 21q22.1, and a centromeric region. The gene locus of superoxide dismutase‐1 (SOD‐1) was determined to be at 21q22.1. Since region q22 is suggested to be the gene loci of the main features of Down syndrome, probes in the region may yield information about this disorder. A pericentric probe is useful in determining predisposition to non‐disjunction in 21 trisomy. We determined gene loci for these site‐specific gene probes in order to make a complete gene map of the chromosome.
Structure and Function of Interleukins 4 and 5
Authors: Honjo Tasuku , Yaoita Yoshio , Kinashi Tatsuo , Noma Yoshihiko , Naito Takayuki , Azuma Chihiro , Severinson Eva , Sideras Paschalis , Bergstedt‐Lindqvist Susanna , Takatsu Kiyoshi , Tominaga Akira , Harada Nobuhiko , Tanabe Toshizumi , Konishi Mikio , Takahashi Masazumi , Matsuda Fumihiko 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe have cloned cDNAs for IgG, induction factor and T cell replacing factor. The recombinant factors were shown to have multiple activities on B cells, which could explain most, if not all, of B cell growth and differentiation factor activities so far claimed. Since the recombinant factors were also shown to affect bone marrow‐derived cells other than B cells, the names of interleukins 4 and 5 were proposed for IgG1 induction factor and T cell replacing factor, respectively.
Monoclonal Antibodies Against Human Germ Cell Tumors: Usefulness as Tumor Markers and Differentiation Markers
Authors: Hata Jun‐ichi , Fujimoto Junichiro , Ishii Eizaburo , Tanaka Shigeki 
Published: October 2007

AbstractEstablishment of monoclonal antibodies against human germ cell tumors which detected cell surface antigens, 2A2 and 2G10 (subclass; IgM) are described. Distributions of these antigens in human tumors were studied immunohisto‐chemically. They were expressed on immature endodermal components often seen in yolk sac tumors but not on the other solid tumors in childhood. Regarding their specificities on human germ cell tumor, we have established an ELISA system to detect these antigens from patient's sera. In normal and fetal tissue, on the other hand, they showed quite different distributions. In the kidney, for example, 2A2 and 2G10 were present on collecting tubules and proximal/distal tubules respectively which were already observed in fetal kidney, gestational ages 10 weeks. These results indicate the usefulness of these antibodies as the markers for human germ cell tumors and also for somatic cell differentiation.
Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome with Focal Segmental Glomerular Sclerosis, Renal Insufficiency and Tubular Dysfunction
Authors: Igarashi Takashi , Shibata Toru , Iwata Tsutomu , Kamoshita Shigehiko 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA patient with congenital nephrotic syndrome with focal segmental glomerular sclerosis is reported. There was moderate renal insufficiency, proximal renal tubular acidosis, hematuria and glycosuria. The glomerular basement membrane showed irregular thickening, splitting of the lamina densa and reticulation of the lamina rara interna. In addition to the features of the nephrotic syndrome and renal insufficiency, tubular dysfunction is one of the early manifestations of this disease.
Osteogenesis Irnperfecta in Twins: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Sameshima Koji , Kodama Akihiko , Tshiani Kashama , Matsuda Yukihisa , Miyata Koichiro , Naritomi Kenji 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA pair of female twins concordant for osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) are reported here. Their clinical features and prognosis are compatible with type III according to Sillence. The literature was reviewed to examine previously reported cases of OI in twins with regard to the Sillence classification. Among the 10 pairs of twins, including ours, there was striking pre dominance of the severe forms of the disease (type II and type III).
Cardiovascular Manifestations in Fabry's Disease — Age‐Related Changes in Hemizygotes and Heterozygotes —
Authors: Yanagawa Yukishige , Sakuraba Hitoshi 
Published: October 2007

AbstractFabry's disease is an X‐linked recessive disorder of glycosphingolipid metabolism. Accumulation of neutral sphingolipid in vascular endothelium is known to cause various clinical manifestations, including cardiac problems. Female heterozygotes, however, may be asymptomatic or mildly affected. Cardiovascular manifestations in Fabry's disease were studied noninvasively in 10 male hemizygotes and 10 female heterozygotes from seven families. Mitral valve prolapse was found in both hemizygotes and heterozygotes. Measured echocardiographic variables were normalized by dividing them by normal values calculated from basal surface area (BSA) and age. Normalized thickness of the interventricular septum [IVS(n)] and left ventricular posterior wall thickness [LVPW(n)] increased significantly with age both in hemi‐ and heterozygotes. [IVS(n): Y=0.94+0.014X (age in years), r=0.68, LVPW(n): Y= 1.03+0.015X (age in years), r=0.64]. The incidence of ST‐T changes in the ECG was also observed in hemi‐ and heterozygotes. A short PR interval was recorded in one hemizygote and one heterozygote from the same family. Thus, heterozygotes appear not to be free from cardiac manifestations, as previously believed. It is possible that the cardiac changes in heterozygotes occur regardless of the amount of sphingolipid accumulation.
Possible Role of Streptococcus pyogenes in Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome VI. Heightened Cellular Reactivity to Streptolysin‐O in Mice Infected with S. pyogenes and in MCLS Patients
Authors: Akiyama Takehisa , Osawa Nobutaka , Yamaura Noboru , Yasahiro Kimio , Hiraishi Satoshi 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe present investigations were performed to determine, by using the macro‐phage migration inhibition test (MIT), whether cell‐mediated hypersensitivity to streptolysin‐O (SLO) was developed in mice infected with Streptococcus pyogenes as well as in patients with mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (MCLS), with the following results:1. The splenic lymphocytes from murine hosts infected with B‐346 op strain of S. pyogenes, which fails to induce cellular immunity in infected mice, showed a complete lack of responsiveness to SLO. In contrast, the mice infected with streptococci of Sv and S‐43 strains, both of which possess an intrinsic activity of eliciting enhanced cellular hypersensitivity in the same species of animals, exhibited positive responses to the hemolysin from strep‐tococcal culture supernatant.2. Although a considerable number of MCLS patients in the acute phase of the illness failed to respond to SLO, a complete restoration of their responsiveness was observed in parallel with recovery from the acute illness. Conversely, all patients in the subacute phase of the disease reacted well in vitro to SLO, followed by a gradual decline of their responsiveness over a period of 1–2 weeks.Furthermore, the implications of these findings are discussed in association with the possible role of S. pyogenes as an etiological agent for MCLS.
We Mean Well: Treatment of Mendelian Disease
Authors: R. Scriver Charles 
Published: October 2007

AbstractGenetic disease is important in developed societies and the inborn errors of metabolism are now among the best studied diseases of man. Their cause, pathogenesis and manifestations are extraordinarily well known. Nonetheless, treatment of this class of disease has been leis satisfactory than desired. Treatment must restore homeostasis; it fails to do this in the majority of the inborn errors. We need more knowledge which can be gained only by more research in man and animals. Transgenic studies (in animal models) will reveal aspects of pathogenesis long before they offer an opportunity for treatment in man. Transfection and transkaryotic studies will benefit some patients sooner. In the meantime, euphenic modes of treatment offer our best opportunities limited now more by insights on the problem and constraints on research to examine them than by the continuing challenge presented by our patients.
Bone Marrow Necrosis Associated with Medulloblastoma
Authors: Nakayama Tetsuo , Kabe Kazuhiko , Nakamoto Rumiko , Ikeda Nobuhiko , Urano Takashi , Osano Mitsuru 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA 9‐year‐old Japanese boy with bone marrow necrosis associated with metastatic medulloblastoma is reported. The diagnosis of bone marrow necrosis was obtained nine months after operative removal of the medulloblastoma. Bone marrow necrosis was treated with a combination chemotherapy, but unfortunately he died of disseminated metastasis of medulloblastoma. This case suggests that the prognosis of bone marrow necrosis would be attributable to the behavior of the original tumor.
Ectopic Nesidioblastosis
Authors: Seki Syuichiro , Ikenoue Tsuyomu , Murakami Naoki , Hokanishi Hisahiko , Kikuura Toyofumi , Tokunaga Masayoshi , Akiyama Hiroshi , Hayakawa Kunio 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe observed one case of ectopic nesidioblastosis. A solitary nesidioblastoma was observed in the interior wall of the duodenum. Ectopic nesidioblastosi has not been previously reported, but our experience suggests the necessity of examination for ectopic pancreas in cases of SIDS or its near‐miss.
The Effects of Salicylate on Ketogenesis, Gluconeogenesis and Urea Production in Rat Liver Perfusion
Authors: Terada Naoto , Kizaki Zenro , Inoue Fumio , Kodo Naoki , Ochi Masaharu , Furukawa Nobuaki , Kinugasa Akihiko , Sawada Tadashi 
Published: October 2007

In order to elucidate the relation between the hepatotoxicity of salicylate (SA) and the pathogenesis of Reye's syndrome (RS), urea production, gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis were investigated in isolated perfused rat livers in the presence of salicylate (SA) and oleate. Although urea formation from 0.5 mM NH4Cl, 2 mM ornithine and 0.3 mM oleate was not inhibited by infusion of SA, 3 mM SA caused a 26% decrease of ketogenesis, 85% decrease of 3‐hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate ratio (30HB/AcAc) and 45% increase of oxygen consumption. Glucose production from 2 mM pyruvate in the presence of 0.3 mM oleate decreased by 33% after administration of 3 mM SA, and 30HB/AcAc ratio also decreased by 33%. The decrement of gluconeogenesis and that of the 30HB/AcAc ratio were very close.These results suggested that ATP production was maintained but that the intra‐mitochondrial redox state was changed to a more oxidized state after SA administration in perfused rat livers. This change in redox state could be responsible for the decrease of gluconeogenesis.Metabolic characteristics found in RS were not obtained by infusion of 3mM SA and 0.3 mM oleate in rat livers. Therefore, some other factors in addition to SA seem necessary to establish an animal model of RS.
Study to Establish Normal Values for Portal Vein Blood Flow in Children Using a Duplex Ultrasound System
Authors: Kagimoto Seiichi , Fujitsuka Satoshi , Kinoshita Keiji , Onoue Masahiro , Fujisawa Tomoo , Yoshioka Shigetake 
Published: October 2007

Portal vein blood flow in healthy children was measured using a duplex ultrasound system consisting of a B mode linear scanner and a single Doppler transducer. Portal blood flow volume (PBFV) correlated with age, height, weight and body surface area. Increases in PBFV with age were greater in boys than girls. A correlation was noted between the diameter of the portal vein and PBFV (r=0.89). However, the maximum portal blood flow velocity (Vmax) did not correlate with age, height, weight or body surface area. Increases in PBFV in accordance with physical development was thought to depend mainly on widening of the portal vein and not on acceleration of portal blood flow velocity. The formula for calculating PBFV by multivaliate statistical analysis is as follows:PBFV(ml/min)=30.1×age(yrs)‐1.07×height(cm)=3.31×weight(kg).Portal vein flowmetry using a duplex ultrasound system may be useful for evaluation of the hepatic circulation in children.
Gallbladder Changes in Neonatal Hepatitis: Markedly Thickened Wall and Lack of Contractility
Authors: Nakamura Michiru , Matui Akira , Sasaki Nobuhiko , Shinohara Naohiro , Taniguchi Nobuyuki , Itoh Kouichi 
Published: October 2007

The gallbladder wall changes were observed on ultrasonography during the course of a patient with neonatal hepatitis. The gallbladder was not detected at 53 days of age, but on the next day its wall was observed to be markedly thickened and without contraction following the administration of cerulein. It had a thinner wall at 57 days of age and reacted to cerulein. The wall thickness and contractility went together with the improvement of jaundice and liver function tests. Histological diagnosis was compatible with neonatal hepatitis.Ultrasonographic detection of the gallbladder has been helpful to differentiate neonatal hepatitis from biliary atresia. It is reported to be compatible with neonatal hepatitis to detect a normal‐sized gallbladder or its contraction following cerulein administration or feeding. Since this case did not meet these criteria initially, thickened wall of the gallbladder may be an additional finding indicating neonatal hepatitis. The importance of repeated ultrasonography and clinical correlation was stressed.
Spectrophotometric determination of neutrophil cytochrome b558 of chronic granulomatous disease
Authors: Kiryu Chika , Kaneda Mizuho , Shiraishi Takuo , Tsuda Masahiko , Inana Ichiro , Sakiyama Takeshi , Fujinaga Toru , Nishida Akira , Kakinuma Katsuko 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Background: Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inherited disease characterized clinically by severe recurrent bacterial infections from infancy. This disease is a disorder of the formation of superoxide (O2‐) by the neutrophil NADPH oxidase system, mostly due to defects in cytochrome b558 (cyt b558), which is one ol the oxidase components. Diagnosis of CGD has been performed by the assay of the O2‐ forming activity. immunological determination of defects in the oxidase components, and or spectrophotometry of cyt b558. However, spectrophotometric analysis of the b‐type heme is difficult with small amounts of blood from infant CGD patients, as the limited amounts of neutrophils are contaminated with a relatively high ratio of hemoglobin (Hb) that interferes with the heme spectrum of cyt b558. This report presents an accurate method foi the spectrophotometric analysis of cyt b558 in a small amount of CGD neutrophils that were treated with CO gas in a safe procedure instead of the previously reported CO‐bubbling method. Methods and Results: The difference of the reduced minus oxidized cyt b558 spectrum was measured under no interference from oxy Hb at the α and β bands and differentiated as d[ΔA]/dΛ, (Λ= wavelength) to obtain further evidence for the defects of the cyt b558 heme spectrum. The interference from CO‐insensitive met Hb was eliminated by subtracting the absorption peak at the Soret (γ) band of the contaminating met Hb, which was estimated from the CO‐treated and untreated spectra of the same, hemolyzed sample. Conclusions: This spectrophotometric method is feasible for the determination of abnormality and heme content of cyt b558 with a small amount of CGD neutrophils in10–20 mL of blood even in the presence ol contaminating Hb.
Coronary risk factors in acute Kawasaki disease: Correlation of serum immunoglobulin levels with coronary complications
Authors: Sawaji Yoichi , Haneda Noriyuki , Yamaguchi Seiji , Kajino Yasuhisa , Kishida Kenji , Seto Shiro , Konishi Nakao , Waki Kenji , Baba Kiyoshi , Arisawa Kokichi , Kamiya Tetsuro , Mori Chuzo 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Background To determine the usefulness of the IgG z‐score (age and sex‐standardized serum IgG level) before intravenous gamma globulin therapy (1VGG) in predicting the occurrence or severity of coronary complications in Kawasaki disease (KD). Methods A case‐control study of clinical and laboratory findings with 88 children in the early stage of acute KD who received IVGG (100 or 200 mg/kg for2–5 days) therapy. Of these, 20 cases had persistent coronary arterial lesions (small aneurysm, moderate aneurysm or large aneurysm persisting more than 1 month). The controls comprised 68 children with no coronary aneurysms or transient small aneurysm only observed within 1 month after the onset of KD. The association between serum levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgA as well as other coronary risk factors previously reported and the occurrence of the coronary arterial lesions was evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results: After adjustment for age, gender, total IVGG dose before the 9th illness day and other traditional coronary risk factors, the odds ratio for the persistent coronary aneurysm associated with lower serum IgG r‐score (<‐0.7485 v.v & ‐0.7485). was 30.3 (95% confidence interval, 3.8–243.2). Furthermore, the serum IgG z‐score was inversely correlated with the severity of the coronary arterial lesion. Conclusions: The IgG z‐score before IVGG therapy in the early stage of KD provides useful information on the risk factors for persistent coronary aneurysm and is a novel, additional indicator for therapy to prevent the coronary complications in acute KD.
Role of excitatory aminoacids in neonatal hypoglycemia
Authors: Aral Yusuf Ziya , GÜCÜYener KİVİLcİM , Atalay YİLdİZ , HasanoǦLu Alev , TÜRkyilmaz Canan , Sayal Ahmet , BiberoǦLu GÜRsel 
Published: October 2007

Abstract
Background:
In many neurological disorders, injury to neurons may be due in part to overstimulation of the receptors for the excitatory amino acids glutamate and aspartate. The same excitotoxic mechanism and high aspartate levels in experimental studies led to this study of the concentrations of glutamate and aspartate and zinc, copper, and magnesium levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of hypoglycemic newborns.
Methods:
Aspartate and glutamate were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography, and magnesium, zinc and copper by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
Results:
The CSF levels of aspartate (3.98 ± 1.77 μmol/L) and glutamate (1.7 ± 1.05 μmol/L) in 20 hypoglycemic newborns were significantly higher when compared with the values of aspartate (2.19 ± 0.6 μmol/L) and glutamate (0.77 ± 0.34 μmol/L) of 10 control newborns. In the hypoglycemic patients, the concentration of zinc (0.57 ±0.13 μg/mL), but not copper (0.39 ± 0.40 μg/mL) was significantly lower when compared with the control values. There was no difference in the magnesium levels between the two groups.
Conclusions:
The higher levels of excitatory amino acids found in the CSF of hypoglycemic infants than in controls were consistent with previous animal studies, which may indicate the role of excitatory amino acids in the late biochemical effects of hypoglycemia in newborn brain metabolism.