bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Further characterization of liver catalase‐depressing factor from spleens of friend virus‐infected germfree and conventional mice
Authors: Price F. W. , Mirand E. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study establishes that the liver catalase depression in Friend virus‐infected mice is caused by a spleen‐elaborated humoral factor which is not related to bacterial products. This was shown in experiments in Friend virus‐infected germfree mice in which splenectomy resulted in return of liver catalase levels to near‐normal values. The liver catalase‐depressing factor is shown to be a true toxohormone in that it induces thymic involution when injected into healthy mice and fails to inhibit the activity of a liver catalase preparation in vitro. These findings are briefly discussed in connection with work in which ‘toxohormone‐like’ substances have been isolated from nontumor sources. Further experimentation is suggested which may help to decide whether or not true toxohormones are unique to cancer cells.
The effect of L‐fucose on rat mammary tumor growth. I. In vivo studies
Authors: Wolfe Daniel , Roseman James M. , Miller Elizabeth , Seltzer Murray H. , Rosato Francis E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty female Lewis‐Wistar rats, each 150–200 g, received equal amounts of chemically induced transplantable mammary tumor. Fifteen of the rats received a daily intraperitoneal injection of 600 mg L‐fucose, while the remaining 15, serving as controls, received saline. The injections were begun the day of tumor implantation and continued for a total of 10 days. All animals were sacrificed on the fifteenth day, Tumor growth, as determined by mean diameter, was significantly suppressed in the experimental group. Serum and tumor levels of fucose were increased in the treated animals as compared to the control animals. These findings suggest retention of fucose, which may play a role in the inhibition of growth of this mammary tumor.
Urea concentration in intestinal fluids in normal and uremic dogs
Authors: Lee Yeu‐Tsu N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractResults from normal and uremic dogs showed that the urea concentrations in gallbladder bile, duodenal, jejunal, ileal, and peritoneal fluids were about the same as that in the serum. When the urea concentration of an unknown body fluid is more than two times that of the serum (whether the subject has normal or abnormal renal function), the tested fluid must have originated in part or in toto from the urinary tract.
Adenocarcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma occurring simultaneously in the urinary bladder (mixed tumor)
Authors: Fegen J. Peter , Albert David J. , Persky Lester 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOnly five tumors of the urinary bladder containing both adenocarcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma have previously been reported. In spite of this apparent rarity, three patients have been treated at the University Hospitals of Cleveland in the past 2 years with this ‘mixed’ malignancy. Abbreviated case histories, treatment, and follow‐up are discussed. Two of the three patients are alive without evidence of tumor following treatment. The origin of adenocarcinoma appearing as a primary bladder neoplasm may be from a urachal rest, from glandular cells around the bladder neck, from malignant degeneration of cystitis cystica and cystitis glandularis, or from a primary change of transitional epithelium to glandular cancer. The mixed tumor may represent dual malignant degeneration of a common cell line or two primary cancers appearing coincidentally at one time. The prognosis is poor, although the rarity of cases and short follow‐up make efficacy of treatment difficult to evaluate.
Combination of chemotherapy with dual antagonists and radiotherapy in the treatment of neoplastic disease
Authors: Bardos Thomas J. , Ambrus Julian L. , Ambrus Clara M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe theoretical justification for combination chemotherapy and for the combination of radiation and chemotherapy in the treatment of neoplastic diseases is discussed, literature on the synthesis and biological activity of the ‘dual antagonist’ group of drugs is reviewed. Studies on the radiation‐potentiating effect of certain members of this group of drugs are reviewed, and prospects for therapeutic applications are discussed.
Attempts to alter renal homograft rejection by induction of antilymphocyte autoimmunity
Authors: Killen Duncan A. , Hattori Hiroshi , Zukoski Charles F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn attempt was made to create an active antilymphocytic immunity in dogs. Pooled niesenteric canine lymph nodes were harvested, processed, and coupled via bis‐diazobenzidine to heterologous (rabbit, horse, cow, and human) gamma‐globulin. Mongrel dogs were immunized by serial injection of this material. There was a decrease in the absolute lymphocyte count in animals receiving lymph node tissue coupled with rabbit, horse, and bovine gamma‐globulin; however, this decrease was insignificant statistically (0.2 > P > 0.1). Twenty‐eight to thirty days following initiation of the immunization course, kidneys were exchanged in paired animals without any attempt at immunosuppression except for continuation of the immunization regimen. The average survival of the transplanted kidney and of the recipients was not significantly different from that of a control group of animals. Although there was no strong evidence of an active antilymphocytic immunity in the present study, modification of such a technique might prove effective as a means of prevention of homograft rejection or in creating autoimmunity to neoplasms of the leukocytes or solid tissue.
The radiocolloid bone marrow scan in malignant disease
Authors: Larson Steven M. , Nelp Wil B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe radiocolloid bone marrow scans in 107 patients with malignant disease were reviewed. The observed scan patterns were classified into five groups: normal (type 1), moderately expanded (type 2), greatly expanded (type 3), peripheral expansion with central depression (type 4), and greatly reduced to absent intramedullary marrow (type 5). Correlation was made between scan pattern and clinical status of the patient for each disease category. In polycythemia vera, there was progressive expansion of the marrow organ that correlated well with the patient's course but not duration of disease. Type 3 or 4 marrow scans were associated with failure of effective marrow function. In myelofibrosis, regardless of associated cause, the scan pattern was predominantly type 4 or 5. Among the 42 patients with leukemia, 41 had abnormal scans. Type 4 was the characteristic scan pattern in untreated acute leukemia, and the scan became more normal with favorable treatment response. Patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia, either with myelofibrosis or blast crisis, had a type 4 or 5 marrow pattern. Scan patterns in the 30 patients with Hodgkin's disease were influenced by stage of disease and prior therapy. In untreated patients of stage I‐II, the scan pattern was always normal. Among the 17 stage III or IV patients, scan patterns of type 4 or 5 were frequently observed regardless of previous therapy. Focal defects were common in this group and were of two types: (1) a small irregular defect due to infiltration of tumor (two cases), and (2) a sharply circumscribed defect due to radiation therapy (seven cases). Patients with metastatic malignancy and lymphosarcoma involving bone marrow had abnormal scans showing peripheral expansion or focal defects. Some of the clinical applications for radiocolloid marrow scanning that were suggested for these observations include determining optimal bone marrow biopsy site, aiding staging and the evaluation of treatment response for hematologic malignancies, screening patients for metastatic involvement of bone as an adjunct to the strontium‐85 bone scan, and evaluating extent of bone marrow injury following radiation therapy. It is concluded that the radiocolloid scan of the bone marrow organ can be an important aid in management of patients with malignant disease.
The role of radionuclide scanning in the evaluation of neoplasms of the salivary glands: A review
Authors: Schall Gerald L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEvaluation of neoplasms of the salivary glands is a challenging surgical problem since there is no reliable laboratory procedure to confirm the diagnosis of a tumor or to indicate its nature or extent. Radionuclide scanning of the salivary glands can be performed using Tc99m‐pertechnetate, which is actively concentrated by the glands at the level of the intralobar ducts. This test does not appear capable of detecting lesions which are not evident clinically. The only two types of tumors which give a consistent scan appearance are Warthin's tumor, which appears ‘hot’ relative to the surrounding tissue, and metastatic lesions, which are ‘cold’ or distort the normal portions of the gland. In general, primary malignancies also appear ‘cold,’ but the mixed tumor has a highly variable appearance. This procedure is useful in evaluating the topographic relationships of salivary gland neoplasms and in differentiating them from neck or facial masses, as well as in determining the functional impairment of the glands caused by the tumor. The results with salivary gland scanning to date have been somewhat disappointing, although the application of recent technologic advances in this field and standardization of the scanning technique in a large series of patients may eventually justify the initial optimism in this diagnostic study.
Demonstration of tumor associated antigen in normal colon and lung
Authors: Gerfo P. Lo , Herter F. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn ion sensitive antigenic site on carcinoembryonic antigen which has been previously demonstrated to be present in non‐entodermally derived tumors and called Tumor Associated Antigen (TAA), has been demonstrated in perchloric acid extracts of normal lung and colon. This antigenic site in normal colon and lung has been shown to be identical to the antigenic site on carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) by radioimmunoassay and Ouchterlony analysis. This provides further evidence that a common antigenic site exists on CEA as CEA is found only in entodermally derived tumors and is truly tumor specific. This antigenic site in nonentodermally derived tumors and normal tissues is structurally and chemically similar to CEA and further defines the tumor associated antigenic site (TAA).
Effect of mithramycin therapy on strontium and calcium metabolism in cancer patients (A preliminary report)
Authors: Cram Richard L. , Barmada Riad , Ray Robert D. , Perlia Charles P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe short‐term effects of acute mithramycin therapy on calcium homeostasis and strontium‐85 kinetics were studied in four patients with metastatic cancer. Fecal calcium content increased after therapy while urinary calcium excretion decreased, but there was no net change in total calcium excretion. Mithramycin lowered the serum calcium level in three patients with either obvious osseous metastasis or hypercalcemia, but no change was observed in a fourth patient without osseous pathology and normal serum levels. The strontium‐85 (Sr85) kinetic data revealed an increase in the skeletal clearance (“accretion”) in three patients and no change in the fourth. There was no change in the extrinsic (excretory) clearance rate in any patient. These data suggest that acute mithramycin therapy lowered serum calcium by promoting non‐excretory removal from blood (internal skeletal clearance) rather than by increasing calcium excretion.
Chemodectoma of the lung
Authors: Lee Yeu‐Tsu N. , Hori Jose M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA rare intrapulmonary tumor (chemodectoma) detected by routine chest x‐ray is found in a 61‐year‐old white female. This is the fifth case of this tumor in this location reported in the literature. The tumor is of interest because it further documents the presence of chemoreceptors in the lung.
Abdominal surgery in cancer patients without wound complications
Authors: Arana Victor A. , Mueller Roland F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractManagement of 188 consecutive abdominal surgical incisions in cancer patients following special techniques during the past ten years was evaluated. Closure of the surgical incisions was carried out employing interrupted wire for fascia and running wire for the approximation of subcutaneous tissue and skin. Prophylactic antibiotics were routinely administered to patients by the intravenous route as an adjunct to minimize infection including wound complications. Normal healing of surgical incisions was recorded in all instances during the present evaluation.
Perforation in gastric malignancy
Authors: Cortese Armand F. , Zahn Darwin , Cornell George N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPerforation in gatric malignancy is a rare condition, occurring in only 20 patients at the New York Hospital‐Cornell Medical Center between 1932 and 1969. Two patients are reported in whom plication followed by gastrectomy produced a satisfactory result. Early diagnosis of gastric cancer can be achieved by gastrointestinal x‐rays, allowing for appropriate therapy prior to perforation. If perforation does occur, the edge of the perforation should be biopsied and diagnostic analysis carried out. If feasible, primary gastrectomy is considered the treatment of choice. Otherwise, plication soon followed by definitive gastrectomy is recommended.
The immunosuppressive activity of procarbazine hydrochloride in canine renal allografts by donor pretreatment
Authors: Varkarakis M. J. , Abramczyk J. , Brede H. D. , Murphy G. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cytotoxic drug procarbazine hydrochloride, when given to the donor prior to allografting, modifies the histological pattern of the rejection process in canine renal allografts. This was due mainly to reducing the amount of the infiltrating cells in the renal parenchyma and was associated with good renal function and good renal plasma flow. Despite the decreased immunogenicity of the organ, treated recipients did not have significant prolongation of their survival time due to the toxicity of the drug. In this study, toxicity appeared mainly as gastroenteritis and not consistently as bone marrow depression. Man, however, has better tolerance of the drug and these observations need further evaluation for application to human transplantation.
Toludine blue test for detection of carcinoma of the oral cavity: An evaluation
Authors: Vahidy N. A. , Zaidi S. H. M. , Jafarey N. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTopical application of toludine blue was used for the detection of oral carcinoma in 1,190 cases with oral lesions. It gave a positive result in 546 cases with 131 false positives and a negative result in 484 cases with 66 false negatives. In 160 cases, the results of the test were doubtful. The sensitivity of the test after excluding the doubtful results is 86% and specificity 76%.
The long term adjustment of the patient with head and neck cancer following successful treatment: I. Work, social, and heterosexual activity levels
Authors: Rosillo Ronald H. , Graham William P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA number of patients were interviewed a year or more after successful termination of treatment for head and neck cancer. Their levels of adaptation were assessed, and it was found that the majority of patients are able to make an excellent long term level of adaptation. However, a significant number of patients failed to assimilate the stresses produced by their malignancy, leading to various problems. A good understanding of the patient's needs and resources provides assistance in caring for them, and in promoting the best possible level of rehabilitation.
Studies on the measurement of tissue levels of administered quinacrine and lodoquinacrine
Authors: Ackerman Norman B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe uptake of administered quinacrine was studied in normal tissues and in Walker. 256 carcinosarcoma tumors implanted in livers and stomachs of rats. Tissue concentrations were measured by a fluorometric technique. The concentration of quinacrine in tumors as compared to that in the liver (T/L ratios) or in the stomach (T/S ratios) was directly related to the size of the tumor. These ratios averaged > 3 in animals with the smallest tumors and < 1 in animals with large tumors. Additional studies comparing uptake of quinacrine and iodoquinacrine suggested that peak T/L ratios occurred at 1 to 3 days with the former compound, with an earlier peak occurring at 1 day with the latter chemical. It is speculated that cancer diagnostic techniques could be developed using tissue measurements, histochemistry, or radioactive scanning of these compounds.
Structure and function of intestinal epithelial cells from compensated small bowel following massive intestinal resection
Authors: Wilmore Douglas W. , Holtzapple Philip G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study was undertaken to determine cellular structure and function in hypertrophied small intestine following extensive resection. Six beagle puppies underwent 90% enterectomy at 10 weeks of age. The animals were housed with their control littermates and fed the same kennel diet. At one year of age standardized biopsies were taken from the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Tissue was immediately fixed for light and electron micrographs and stained for quantitation of 10 mucosal enzymes. Epithelial cells were isolated and incubated at 37°C in Krebs Ringers phosphate saline containing either C14‐labeled alphamethyl glucose (2mM), or a radioactive amino acid (lysine, valine, or cystine at 0.565 mM). After incubation the cells were collected and the ratio of counts per ml intracellular fluid to counts per ml extracellular fluid determined.Active cellular transport of glucose and amino acids did not differ in epithelial cells from resected animals when compared with the controls. Cellular enzyme reactions in the mucosa from the enterectomized animals were histochemically normal and ultrastructure was comparable in both groups of animals.Structure and function of the epithelial cell in the enterectomized beagle does not significantly differ from the normal animal.
Laparotomy and splenectomy in Hodgkin's disease—diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic
Authors: Rege Vishram B. , Soderberg Clarence H. , Resnevic George , Conklin Frances P. , Leone Louis A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty primarily unselected but a mixed population of ‘virgin’ and treated patients with a diagnosis of Hodgkin's Disease were subjected to diagnostic laparotomy, splenectomy, liver biopsy, and para‐aortic lymph node biopsy as part of their evaluation for the purpose of staging the disease. The post‐operative pathologic findings were correlated with the preoperative clinical evaluation.Preoperative evaluation of abdominal lymph nodes, spleen, and liver was inaccurate in 3/25 (12%), 9/30 (30%), and 5/30 (17%) patients, respectively, with the result that there was a change in the post‐operative staging in eleven (37%) patients. No instance of liver involvement by Hodgkin's Disease was noted without concomitant splenic involvement. Also, there was no instance of splenic involvement without a concomitant para‐aortic lymph node involvement. These findings suggest a possible spread of the disease to the spleen via the abdominal lymph nodes and to the liver via the spleen.It is concluded that laparotomy with splenectomy is a valuable procedure for diagnostic delineation of intra‐abdominal disease but in addition has therapeutic and preventive implications.
Storage and transplantation of bone marrow in the treatment of malignant diseases
Authors: Malinin Theodore I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe development of special methods of bone marrow transplantation, coupled with new knowledge in the area of donor‐recipient selection and the suppression of the secondary diseases, has generated renewed interest in allografting of bone marrow for a variety of diseases. The interest in marrow allotransplantation has overshadowed previously existing interest in autotransplantation despite the fact that autotransplantation has not met with serious side effects, such as GVH and secondary diseases.Sufficient evidence demonstrating the reliability of methods of short‐term and long‐term storage of human bone marrow has now been accumulated. It can be anticipated that reinfusion of bone marrow stored by these methods will result in uniform hematopoetic recovery of bone marrow suppressed by irradiation or chemotherapeutic agents. In cases of malignant diseases in anticipation of future needs, disease‐free marrow can be collected before the malignant process becomes generalized. Since bone marrow is best obtained under general anesthesia, routine bone marrow collection and storage from patients undergoing surgery for specific malignancies is suggested.
Periampullary carcinoma
Authors: Safaie‐Shirazi Siroos , Zike Wilbur L. , Condon Robert E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFifty‐five patients with periampullary caicinoma have been treated during a period of 32 years. This tumor represents only 0.01% of our solid tumor cases. Contrary to widely accepted opinion, periampullary carcinoma is not painless in many patients, and a palpable gallbladder is present in only 20% of patients.Twenty‐four patients had a palliative operation with a 13% immediate mortality; the mean survival of this group was 13 months. Out of 26 patients who had a radical curative operation, 18 survived the procedure; the mean survival for this group was 31 months.We believe that nearly every patient harboring a periampullary carcinoma should be considered a candidate for pancreaticoduodenectomy unless the disease is so far advanced that survival is unlikely.
Chemotherapy of human oncogenic viral infections: The possible role of interferon and reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Authors: Carter William A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEpidemiologic and virologic studies are providing increasingly firm links between viruses and carcinoma of the breast, sarcoma, leukemia, carcinoma of the cervix, and lymphoma. Since these diseases are apparently not epidemic in nature, immunization—which has been so successfully applied for control of many viral illnesses—will probably be less useful. The development of effective, broad‐spectrum, antiviral compounds is therefore imperative. Developing drugs with dart‐like specificity demands a clear knowledge of the differences in virus and cell replicative mechanisms. Specificity for viral processes is essential if cell toxicity is to be circumvented, since cirus replication occurs intracellularly with a partial dependence on cell macromolecular functions. With an increasing knowledge of the growth cycle of viruses, we recognize that both cytolytic and oncogenic viruses—although causing antithetic effects on cells—may have common biochemical mechanisms for assembling viral proteins and nucleic acids. There similarities suggest it is possible to approach therapeutically these two types of viral infection in similar ways. Specific antiviral drugs should be useful, not only in a prophylactic way, but also as an additional mode of therapy which can complement the surgical and chemotherapeutic approach to patients with established tumors.