bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Ternary Organic Solar Cells with Suppressed Nonradiative Recombination and Fine‐Tuned Morphology via IT‐4F as Guest Acceptor
Authors: Zhang Yang , Huang Tianhuan , Weng Nan , Chen Yiwen , Wang Dongjie , Zhang Zheling , Liao Qiaogan , Zhang Jian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe large open circuit voltage (VOC) loss is currently one of the main obstacles to achieving efficient organic solar cells (OSCs). In this study, the ternary OSCs comprising PM6:BTP‐eC9:IT‐4F demonstrate a superior efficiency of 18.2 %. Notably, the utilization of the medium bandgap acceptor IT‐4F as the third component results in an exceptionally low nonradiative recombination energy loss of 0.28 V. The desirable energy level cascade is formed among PM6, BTP‐eC9, and IT‐4F due to the low‐lying HOMO and LUMO energy levels of IT‐4F. More importantly, the VOC of PM6:BTP‐eC9:IT‐4F OSCs can reach as high as 0.86 V, which is higher than both binary OSCs without sacrificing JSC and FF. Besides, this strategy proved that IT‐4F can not only broaden the absorption range but also work as a morphology modifier in PM6:BTP‐eC9:IT‐4F OSCs, and there also exists efficient energy transfer between BTP‐eC9 and IT‐4F. This result provides a promising way to suppress the nonradiative recombination energy loss and realize higher VOC than the two binary OSCs in ternary OSCs to obtain high power conversion efficiencies.
PCSSHO: An implementation of Percentage of Circle Search and Spotted Hyena Optimizer for multi‐constraint load balancing and routing framework in FANET
Authors: Ilango Poonguzhali , Sivarajan Nagarajan , RaviChandran Anitha , Arunachalam Rajesh 
Published: March 2024

SummaryFlying ad hoc network (FANET) is a technology that has seen tremendous growth in the past years due to its application in various military and civil developments. Conventional topology‐aided routing schemes are not suitable for large‐scale FANETs. This is because of the higher mobility rate in UAVs with the architecture differences. Hence, several path entries in routing become invalid and the neighboring nodes can be occupied before the interruption. Hence, it is very important to solve the afore‐explained issues in FANET. Initially, the task is assigned to the UAVs. These tasks are performed by satisfying the demands such as timing, congestion, and energy to attain the effective load‐balancing performance. Then, the optimal clustering and cluster head (CH) selection are performed using the developed Percentage of Circle Search and Spotted Hyena Optimizer (PCSSHO) in the communication path. Here, the feature selection is done based on constraints like position, speed, moving direction, height variation, link quality, and inter‐ and intra‐cluster distance. Then, the developed PCSSHO model performs routing by considering different constraints such as “end‐to‐end delay, delivery ratio, power consumption, and link quality.” Thus, the recommenced load balancing model in FANET secures an enhanced performance rate than the conventional load balancing frameworks.
Exploring cognitive progression subtypes in the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Ding Huitong , Wang Biqi , Hamel Alexander P. , Karjadi Cody , Ang Ting F. A. , Au Rhoda , Lin Honghuang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by complex underlying neuropathology that is not fully understood. This study aimed to identify cognitive progression subtypes and examine their correlation with clinical outcomes.METHODSParticipants of this study were recruited from the Framingham Heart Study. The Subtype and Stage Inference (SuStaIn) method was used to identify cognitive progression subtypes based on eight cognitive domains.RESULTSThree cognitive progression subtypes were identified, including verbal learning (Subtype 1), abstract reasoning (Subtype 2), and visual memory (Subtype 3). These subtypes represent different domains of cognitive decline during the progression of AD. Significant differences in age of onset among the different subtypes were also observed. A higher SuStaIn stage was significantly associated with increased mortality risk.DISCUSSIONThis study provides a characterization of AD heterogeneity in cognitive progression, emphasizing the importance of developing personalized approaches for risk stratification and intervention.Highlights
We used the Subtype and Stage Inference (SuStaIn) method to identify three cognitive progression subtypes.
Different subtypes have significant variations in age of onset.
Higher stages of progression are associated with increased mortality risk.
Biogeographical patterns of species richness in stream diatoms from southwestern South America
Authors: Zamorano Daniel , Labra Fabio A. , Matthaei Christoph D. , Romero Úrsula 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) hypothesis has been validated for many taxon groups, but so far, stream diatoms have not conformed to this pattern. Research on diatoms that includes data from South America is lacking, and our study aims to address this knowledge gap. Previous studies have successfully explained stream diatom species richness by considering niche dimensionality of physicochemical variables. Moreover, in southwestern South America, the observed biogeographical pattern differs from LDG and has been shown to be determined by historical factors. We used a dataset comprising 373 records of stream diatom communities located between 35° S and 52° S latitude, southwestern South America. The dataset included physicochemical river water variables, climate data, and ice sheet cover from the Last Glacial Maximum. We explored geographical patterns of diatom species richness and evaluated 12 different causal mechanisms, including climate‐related theories, physicochemical and climatical exploratory analyses, historical factors, and niche dimensionality. A metacommunity analysis was conducted to evaluate the possible nested structure due to historical factors. We observed an increase in diatom species richness from south to north. Models containing both physicochemical and climatic predictors explained the highest proportion of variation in the data. Silica, which was correlated with latitude, and flow velocity, which did not show any spatial pattern, were the most important predictors. Historical factors and nested structure did not play any role. Contrary to what has been reported in the literature, we found no support for climate‐related explanations of species richness. Instead, theories related to niche dimensionality and local factors provided better explanations, consistent with previous related research. We suggest that the increase in diatom richness in the north of our study region is due to a higher nutrient supply in these rivers, rather than a due to larger species pool in the area.
Cost‐effectiveness of dapagliflozin for patients with heart failure across the spectrum of ejection fraction: A pooled analysis of DAPA‐HF and DELIVER data
Authors: Davis Jason A. , Booth David , McEwan Phil , Solomon Scott D. , McMurray John J.V. , de Boer Rudolf A. , Comin‐Colet Josep , Bachus Erasmus , Chen Jieling 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimTo assess the cost‐effectiveness of dapagliflozin in addition to usual care, compared with usual care alone, in a large population of patients with heart failure (HF), spanning the full range of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).Methods and resultsPatient‐level data were pooled from HF trials (DAPA‐HF, DELIVER) to generate a population including HF with reduced, mildly reduced and preserved LVEF, to increase statistical power and enable exploration of interactions among LVEF, renal function and N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide levels, as they are relevant determinants of health status in this population. Survival and HF recurrent event risk equations were derived and applied to a lifetime horizon Markov model with health states defined by Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire total symptom score quartiles; costs and utilities were in the UK setting. The base case incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) was £6470 per quality‐adjusted life year (QALY) gained, well below the UK willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) threshold of £20 000/QALY gained. In interaction sensitivity analyses, the highest ICER was observed for elderly patients with preserved LVEF (£16 624/QALY gained), and ranged to a region of dominance (increased QALYs, decreased costs) for patients with poorer renal function and reduced/mildly reduced LVEF. Results across the patient characteristic interaction plane were mostly between £5000 and £10 000/QALY gained.ConclusionsDapagliflozin plus usual care, versus usual care alone, yielded results well below the WTP threshold for the UK across a heterogeneous population of patients with HF including the full spectrum of LVEF, and is likely a cost‐effective intervention.
Is your system fit for purpose? Female athlete health considerations for rugby injury and illness surveillance systems
Authors: Moore Isabel S. , McCarthy‐Ryan Molly , Palmer Debbie , Perkins Joanna , Verhagen Evert 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis review discusses female‐specific health considerations in injury and illness surveillance and provides rugby‐specific recommendations for future surveillance. Identifying priority injury and illness problems by determining those problems with the highest rates within women's rugby may highlight different priorities than sex comparisons between men's and women's rugby. Whilst sports exposure is the primary risk for health problems in sports injury and illness surveillance, female athletes have health domains that should also be considered. Alongside female athlete health domains, studies investigating rugby injuries and illnesses highlight the need to broaden the health problem definition typically used in rugby injury and illness surveillance. Using a non‐time‐loss health problem definition, recording female‐specific population characteristics, embedding female athlete health domains and having up‐to‐date injury and illness coding systems should be prioritized within surveillance systems to begin to shed light on potential interactions between sports exposure, health domains and, injuries and illnesses. We call for a collaborative approach across women's rugby to facilitate large injury and illness datasets to be generated and enable granular level categorization and analysis, which may be necessary for certain female athlete health domains. Applying these recommendations will ensure injury and illness surveillance systems improve risk identification and better inform injury and illness prevention strategies in women's rugby.
Study on the strain response of slopes containing cavities under the effect of strong earthquakes
Authors: Wang Xiaoqun , Huang Qiang , Wang Yupei , Xiao Lie , Feng Lin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe weak points in a slope often control its deformation and failure mode. Under the action of earthquakes, the complex influence of seismic waves on slopes with cavities is rarely considered. By studying the strain response of this kind of slope, the triggering mechanism of the slope under a strong earthquake can be further discussed. On the basis of the existing research, a shaking table test of a slope model with a cavity structure is carried out. The following conclusions were made: (1) Under the condition of a strong earthquake, the initial crack of the slope with cavities mainly occurs around the cavities, the top of the slope, and the boundary of the slope. (2) During the vibration process, the peak air pressure in a cavity has a good correlation with the peak strain in the surrounding material. The peak strain appears just after the peak air pressure, indicating that the sudden change in the air pressure in the cavity will lead to significant tensile damage to the cavity wall. Repeated air pressure changes in the cavity cause progressive damage to the slope near the cavity structure, accelerating fracture expansion and leading to the fracture penetrating the slope boundary. (3) The overall failure of the slope is somewhat related to the development of cracks around the cavity structure, but failure does not necessarily occur along the cavity zone. The failure site is closely related to the free surface condition and the upper slope structure.
Development of a visual‐perceptual method to assess body image: A cross‐cultural validation in Canadian and Spanish women
Authors: Corno Giulia , Paquette Amélia , Burychka Diana , Miragall Marta , Rivard Marie‐Christine , Baños Rosa M. , Bouchard Stéphane 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe objectives of this study were (a) to explore the preliminary cross‐cultural validity of a visual‐perceptual method to assess body image; (b) to examine potential differences and similarities in body image phenomena between women from two Western countries (i.e., Canada and Spain). 201 self‐identified women participated in this cross‐sectional study. Ideal, normal, and self‐perceived body sizes were assessed using a visual‐perceptual method, whereas body dissatisfaction was measured using both a visual‐perceptual method and a questionnaire. Visual‐perceptual body dissatisfaction was significantly correlated with questionnaire body dissatisfaction, suggesting a preliminary convergent validity between the two assessment methods. Women in both countries were dissatisfied with their bodies. Compared to their self‐perceived body, all women chose a significantly thinner visual representation of their “normal” and ideal body. These results may suggest a shift towards the “thin” body as not only ideal, but also normative. This study provides the first evidence for the cross‐cultural validity of a visual‐perceptual body image assessment tool. The results of the current study confirm the presence of “normative discontent”, and suggest more cross‐country similarities than differences among women from these two Western societies.
Influence of baking conditions and initial flavour load on the evolution of flavours in cookies
Authors: Abedi Fidele M. , Hwisa Nagiat , Cadwallader Keith R. , Takhar Pawan S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of baking conditions and initial concentrations of flavourings on the evolution of three key flavourings (benzaldehyde, butyl butyryl lactate, and vanillin) in cookies during baking and subsequent storage. Controlled baking experiments were conducted at two temperatures (130°C and 160°C) with varying initial flavouring concentrations. The results reveal that baking at the higher temperature (160°C) led to a substantial loss of benzaldehyde and butyl butyryl lactate, resulting in a significantly lower proportion of these compounds in the final product compared to baking at 130°C. In contrast, vanillin showed greater stability at the higher temperature, with its proportion in the final product remaining stable or increasing compared to the lower temperature. Specifically, the proportion of benzaldehyde decreased from 18.33% in the dough to 4.31% after 2 weeks of storage for cookies baked at 160°C, whereas the proportion of vanillin increased from 47.24% to 61.38% in the same period. Statistical analysis, employing ANOVA and Tukey–Kramer HSD tests, confirmed the significant effect of baking temperature on the evolution of flavour compounds (p < 0.05). These analyses further revealed the notable influence of initial flavouring concentrations on the changes in benzaldehyde across all tested temperatures, as well as on butyl butyryl lactate and vanillin specifically at 130°C. These results offer valuable insights on how the baking process can be optimized to enhance the sensory profile of cookies and highlight the importance of temperature control and initial flavouring mix design.
Changes in climate, vegetation cover and vegetation composition affect runoff generation in the Gulf of Guinea Basin
Authors: Nkiaka Elias , Okafor Gloria Chinwendu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough considerable effort has been deployed to understand the impact of climate variability and vegetation change on runoff in major basins across Africa, such studies are scarce in the Gulf of Guinea Basin (GGB). This study combines the Budyko framework and elasticity concept along with geospatial data to fill this research gap in 44 nested sub‐basins in the GGB. Annual rainfall from 1982 to 2021 show significant decreasing and increasing trends in the northern and southern parts of the GGB, respectively. Annual potential evapotranspiration (PET) also shows significant increasing trends with higher magnitudes observed in the northern parts of the GGB. Changing trends in climate variables corroborates with shift to arid and wetter conditions in the north and south, respectively. From 2000 to 2020 vegetation cover estimated using enhanced vegetation index (EVI) shows significant increasing trends in all sub‐basins including those experiencing a decline in annual rainfall. Vegetation composition measured using vegetation continuous fields (VCFs) from 2000 to 2020 show an increase in tree canopy cover (TC), a decline in short vegetation cover and marginal changes in bare ground cover (BG). Elasticity coefficients show that a 10% increase in annual rainfall and PET may lead to a 33% increase and 24% decline in runoff, respectively. On the other hand, a 10% increase in EVI may lead to a 4% decline in runoff while a 10% increase in TC, SV and BG may reduce runoff by 4% and increase runoff by 3% and 2%, respectively. Even though changes are marginal, decomposing vegetation into different parameters using EVI and VCFs may lead to different hydrological effects on runoff which is one of the novelties of this study that may be used for implementing nature‐based solutions. The study also demonstrates that freely available geospatial data together with analytical methods are a promising approach for understanding the impact of climate variability and vegetation change on hydrology in data‐scarce regions.
Cultural humility, counseling alliance, and counseling outcome among LGBTQ+ clients
Authors: Ratanashevorn Rattanakorn , Kim So Rin , Kashubeck‐West Susan , Ojanen Timo T. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLiterature suggests LGBTQ+ cultural competencies and cultural humility as critical components to providing counseling services to LGBTQ+ clients. Previous research has shown that cultural humility leads to better counseling outcomes through the counseling alliance in sexual minority clients. This study investigated the relationships among cultural humility, counseling alliance, and counseling outcome among 584 LGBTQ+ counseling clients (38.5% were non‐cisgender). The results revealed that all three constructs were positively related to one another. Counseling alliance mediated the relationship between cultural humility and counseling outcome. The overall mediation model indicated that cultural humility had direct and indirect effects accounting for 58% of the variance in counseling outcome when controlling for gender, sexual orientation, and level of education. The findings underscore the importance of cultivating cultural humility among counselors working with LGBTQ+ clients to improve counseling alliance and counseling outcomes.
The effects of biological and chemical silver nanoparticles along with aerobic and anaerobic training protocols on tissues: Morphological and histopathological evaluation
Authors: Ziaolhagh Sayyed‐Javad , Mirkatuli Hanieh Alsadat , Baghbani Mohammadhasan , Safari Miromid , Jokandan Seyyed Shaban Ehsani , Ameli Nima , Yahyaei Behrooz 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNanotechnology and its byproducts are used increasingly considering its global nanotechnology market size and many applications in the health field. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of aerobic and anaerobic exercises on cellular uptake of nanoparticles in body tissues. Fusarium oxysporum was used to synthesize biological AgNPs in silver nitrate solution and UV–vis spectrophotometer; XRD and TEM were used to confirm production of nanoparticles. Moreover, 45 male Wistar rats were purchased and randomly divided into 9 equal groups including healthy control groups, aerobic preparation, anaerobic preparation, biological AgNPs, chemical AgNPs, biological AgNPs+aerobic preparation, biological AgNPs+anaerobic preparation, chemical AgNPs+ aerobic preparation, chemical AgNPs+anaerobic preparation. In order to induce aerobic and anaerobic preparation and to create tissue adaptations, male rats completed two types of aerobic and anaerobic protocols three sessions per week for 10 weeks. At the end of the study, sampling was done for histopathology study. The size and shape of AgNPs was 20–30 nm and spherical to polygonal, respectively. The results showed that anaerobic exercise was significantly effective in weight loss. The chemical nanoparticle group led to more intensive tissue degradation in all variables and there were no significant tissue changes in the aerobic, anaerobic, the biological nanoparticles + aerobic and anaerobic groups. It seems that biological AgNPs are more effective than chemical AgNPs on body tissues and chemical AgNPs lead to more tissue damage in most variables.Research HighlightsThere were severe degradative histological effects in the chemical AgNPs groups compare biological AgNPs groups, in terms of most variables.
Novel 9H‐flouren containing indoline scaffolds: Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial assays, and molecular docking study
Authors: Gangapuram Balraju , Tanguturi Prakash Gupta , Gohil Nisarg , Bhattacharjee Gargi , Singh Vijai , Rajani Dhanaji P. , Bhosale Rajesh , Yadav Jhillu Singh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract9H fluoren containing indoline scaffolds were developed by coupling indoline amine with α‐carboxylic acid group of amino acids in the presence of the peptide coupling reagent hexafluorophosphate benzotriazole tetramethyluronium (HBTU). All eight (12a–12h) synthesized indoline scaffolds were analyzed for their potent antibacterial and antifungal activities. The antibacterial assay revealed that compounds 12a, 12b, and 12e have shown excellent activity against pathogenic strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pyogenes with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values as low as between 25 and 125 μg/mL. The antifungal activity of all synthesized indoline scaffolds were moderate compared with used standard drugs. The molecular docking study of 12a, 12b, and 12e with various antibacterial target proteins from different bacterial strains revealed outstanding interactions which ultimately support antibacterial results.