bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of farnesyl protein transferase sensitizes human MCF‐7 breast cancer cells to roscovitine‐mediated cell cycle arrest
Authors: Węsierska‐Gądek Józefa , Maurer Margarita , Schmid Gerald 
Published: April 2007

AbstractWe reported recently that roscovitine (ROSC), a selective cyclin‐dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, arrests human MCF‐7 breast cancer cells in G2phase of the cell cycle, and concomitantly induces apoptosis. Human MCF‐7 breast cancer cells are known to express elevated levels of c‐Ha‐Ras protein. To achieve full biological activity, de novo synthesized c‐Ha‐Ras protein has to be farnesylated and after further processing it needs to be attached to the plasma membrane. Therefore, we decided to prove whether prevention of protein farnesylation would sensitize MCF‐7 cells to the action of ROSC. MCF‐7 cells were treated with 1–40 µM ROSC alone, or in combination with L‐744,832, an inhibitor of farnesyl protein transferase (FTPase). To measure the impact on the proliferation of the cells, we used the CellTiterGlo™ viability assay and FACS analysis was employed to quantify the DNA‐content of the single cells. The amount and phosphorylation status of relevant proteins after lysis of MCF‐7 cells was assessed on Western blots using (phospho)‐specific antibodies. The combined treatment with L‐744,832 and ROSC for 24 h, markedly reduced the number of viable MCF‐7 cells, primarily, by re‐enforcing the cell cycle arrest. Interestingly, the potentiation of the ROSC‐mediated inhibition of cell proliferation became evident during the 48 h post‐incubation period in presence of the FPTase inhibitor. Inhibition of FPTase in ROSC‐treated cells reduced the number of viable cells by approximately 30%. Evidently, the combined treatment sensitizes MCF‐7 cells to the action of ROSC, thereby allowing to reduce the dose of the drug and to minimize side effects. J. Cell. Biochem. 102: 736–747, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bioethanol: fuel or feedstock?
Authors: Rass‐Hansen Jeppe , Falsig Hanne , Jørgensen Betina , Christensen Claus H 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIncreasing amounts of bioethanol are being produced from fermentation of biomass, mainly to counteract the continuing depletion of fossil resources and the consequential escalation of oil prices. Today, bioethanol is mainly utilized as a fuel or fuel additive in motor vehicles, but it could also be used as a versatile feedstock in the chemical industry. Currently the production of carbon‐containing commodity chemicals is dependent on fossil resources, and more than 95% of these chemicals are produced from non‐renewable carbon resources. The question is: what will be the optimal use of bioethanol in a longer perspective? Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation and characterization of organosilicon thin films for selective adhesion of Yarrowia lipolytica yeast cells
Authors: Lehocký Marián , Amaral Priscilla Filomena Fonseca , St'ahel Pavel , Coelho Maria Alice Zarur , Barros‐Timmons Ana Margarida , Coutinho João Araújo Pereira 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe adhesion of Yarrowia lipolytica and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on organosilicon thin films deposited on polycarbonate substrates was investigated through a series of adhesion tests in order to obtain a selective substrate for Y. lipolytica cell adhesion. Organosilicon thin films were prepared using atmospheric pressure surface barrier discharge. The surface was characterized by its total surface energy with its components calculated using the acid‐base theory. Assessment of adhesion via cell surface coverage was obtained by standard tests and also through image analysis of yeast cells on the organosilicon layers. The results show that it is possible to create organosilicon thin films for a selective adhesion of Y. lipolytica face to S. cerevisiae behaviour, for potential use in fixed bed biofilm reactors for industrial purposes involving enzyme‐based biotransformations. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Solvent extraction of lanthanides and yttrium from nitrate medium with CYANEX 925 in heptane
Authors: Li Wei , Wang Xianglan , Zhang Hui , Meng Shulan , Li Deqian 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe extraction behavior of lanthanides and yttrium usinsg CYANEX 925 (mixture of branched chain alkylated phosphine oxides) in n‐heptane from nitrate medium has been studied. The effects of aqueous phase ionic strength, CYANEX 925 concentration in the organic phase, and temperature on Sm3+, Nd3+and Y3+extraction have been investigated. The extractability of the lanthanides and yttrium increases with increasing nitrate concentration, as well as with increasing CYANEX 925 concentration. An extraction mechanism is proposed based on slope analysis. Furthermore, the infra‐red spectra of CYANEX 925 saturated with lanthanides are employed to provide evidence of the composition of the complex. The relationship between the logarithm of the distribution ratio and lanthanide atomic number is also discussed which indicates that yttrium can be separated from light lanthanides. In addition separation of the light and heavy lanthanide groups is also possible using CYANEX 925. From the temperature dependence data, the thermodynamic parameters values (ΔH, ΔSand ΔG) are calculated. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
The use of toxic solid waste for the adsorption of dyes from waste streams
Authors: Saravanabhavan Subramani , Sreeram Kalarical Janardhanan , Raghava Rao Jonnalagadda , Unni Nair Balachandran 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe use of chromium‐containing toxic solid wastes from the leather industry for the removal of dyes from waste‐waters has been studied. A batch adsorption model has been employed and the role of various experimental parameters on the efficiency of the process evaluated. The extent of dye removal was studied by varying parameters such as pH, contact time, initial concentration of the dye and amount of adsorbent. The experimental equilibrium data for this system has been analyzed using the linearized forms of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The Langmuir isotherm was found to provide the best theoretical correlation of the experimental data and the adsorption was found to follow pseudo‐second‐order kinetics. The dye adsorbed solid wastes were used for the preparation of pigments. In essence, this study provides a greener solution for chromium‐containing solid wastes, dye containing waste‐waters and dye‐adsorbed chromium solid wastes. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Combined treatment with Ad‐hTRAIL and DTIC or SAHA is associated with increased mitochondrial‐mediated apoptosis in human melanoma cell lines
Authors: Lillehammer Trine , Engesaeter Birgit O. , Prasmickaite Lina , Maelandsmo Gunhild M. , Fodstad Oystein , Engebraaten Olav 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, dacarbazine (DTIC) is the only approved systemic treatment for metastatic malignant melanoma. However, the modest treatment effect encourages studies on novel therapeutic molecules, delivery systems and combination therapies. Full‐length TRAIL, delivered from an adenoviral vector (Ad‐hTRAIL), was studied in combination with DTIC or the histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) in human melanoma cell lines.MethodsThe cytotoxic potential of the combination treatments was assessed by cell viability measurements and CalcuSyn analysis. Involvement of apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL staining, mitochondrial membrane potential measurements, and activation and expression levels of caspases and other mediators of apoptosis.ResultsAd‐hTRAIL in combination with DTIC or SAHA resulted in additive or synergistic growth inhibition compared to each treatment used as single agent. Both combinations augmented apoptosis, which was mediated through the death receptor (DR) pathway by enhanced activation of caspase‐8, and through increased loss of mitochondrial integrity. Provoked cleavage of Bid, which bridges the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways, and downregulation of the anti‐apoptotic mediators Bcl‐XL, Mcl‐1 and XIAP (but not Bcl‐2) were critical contributing factors. Increased levels of DR4 and DR5 were not a common underlying mechanism as DTIC did not affect the levels of either of the receptors. However, SAHA‐induced expression of DR4 may have reduced the TRAIL resistance in the SKMEL‐28 cell line.ConclusionAdministration of Ad‐hTRAIL in combination with DTIC or SAHA enhances apoptosis in human melanoma cell lines, and suggests that the therapeutic potential of such treatment strategies should be further evaluated for possible clinical use. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lentivirus vector‐mediated gene transfer to the developing bronchiolar airway epithelium in the fetal lamb
Authors: Yu Ze‐Yan , McKay Karen , van Asperen Peter , Zheng Maolin , Fleming Jane , Ginn Samantha L. , Kizana Eddy , Latham Margot , Feneley Michael P. , Kirkland Peter D. , Rowe Peter B. , Lumbers Eugenie R. , Alexander Ian E. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBackgroundDevelopment of effective and durable gene therapy for treatment of the respiratory manifestations of cystic fibrosis remains a formidable challenge. Obstacles include difficulty in achieving efficient gene transfer to mature airway epithelium and the need to stably transduce self‐renewing epithelial progenitor cells in order to avoid loss of transgene expression through epithelial turnover. Targeting the developing airway epithelium during fetal life offers the prospect of circumventing these challenges.MethodsIn the current study we investigated vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSVg)‐pseudotyped HIV‐1‐derived lentivirus vector‐mediated gene transfer to the airway epithelium of mid‐gestation fetal lambs, both in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro studies epithelial sheet explants and lung organ culture were used to examine transduction of the proximal and more distal airway epithelium, respectively. For the in vivo studies, vector was delivered directly into the proximal airway.ResultsWe found that even during the early pseudoglandular and canalicular phases of lung development, occurring through mid‐gestation, the proximal bronchial airway epithelium was relatively mature and highly resistant to lentivirus‐mediated transduction. In contrast, the more distal bronchiolar airway epithelium was relatively permissive for transduction although the absolute levels achieved remained low.ConclusionThis result is promising as the bronchiolar airway epithelium is a major site of pathology in the cystic fibrosis airway, and much higher levels of transduction are likely to be achieved by developing strategies that increase the amount of vector reaching the more distal airway after intratracheal delivery. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Glutamine as an energy substrate in cultured neurons during glucose deprivation
Authors: Peng Liang , Gu Li , Zhang Hongliang , Huang Xueshi , Hertz Elna , Hertz Leif 
Published: April 2007

AbstractDuring glucose deprivation an increase in aspartate formation from glutamine has been observed in different brain preparations, including synaptosomes and cultured astrocytes. To what extent this reaction, which provides a substantial amount of energy, occurs in different types of neurons is unknown. The present study shows that 14CO2 formation from [U‐14C]glutamine in cerebellar granule neurons, a glutamatergic preparation, increased by 60% during glucose deprivation, indicating enhanced aspartate formation or increased complete oxidative degradation of glutamine. In primary cultures of cerebrocortical interneurons, a GABAergic preparation, the rate of 14CO2 production from [U‐14 C] glutamine was four times lower and not stimulated by glucose deprivation. During incubation with glutamine (0.8 mM) as the only metabolic substrate, cerebellar granule cells maintained an oxygen consumption rate of 12 nmol/min/mg protein, corresponding to an aspartate formation of 8 nmol/min/mg protein (three oxidations occur between glutamine and aspartate) or to a total oxidative degradation of 3 nmol/min/mg protein. During glucose deprivation, the rate of aspartate formation increased, and during a 20‐min incubation in phosphate‐buffered saline it amounted to 3.3 nmol/min/mg protein at 0.2 mM glutamine, which might have been more if measured at 0.8 mM glutamine. These values are consistent with the rate of glutamine utilization calculated based on oxygen consumption and leaves open the possibility that some glutamine is completely degraded oxidatively, as has been shown by other authors based on pyruvate recycling and labeling of lactate from aspartate in cerebellar granule neurons. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Building global leadership at Avery Dennison
Authors: Schuler Terry 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAs Avery Dennison grew from a collection of autonomous international businesses to a more integrated global corporation, the demands on leaders called for new capabilities. Several years of effort and a new leadership model led to an integrated, competency‐driven leadership development system, supported by powerful tools and processes—and hard‐earned wisdom about how to grow global leaders. The company draws talent from around the world, manages the talent pool as a global asset, and gives managers global experiences and responsibilities to help them develop the skills needed to become global leaders. It also holds managers deeply accountable for developing leaders, and measuring and rewarding their results. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Action learning helps PepsiCo's sales leaders develop business acumen and innovation skills
Authors: Cone Jay , Woodard Michael 
Published: April 2007

AbstractTo help sales leaders understand their customers' business and innovate ways to create value for customers, PepsiCo's Strategic Customer Leadership Forum combines executive involvement, multiple learning modalities, and action learning projects that focus on real work and produce real gains for PepsiCo and its customers. A fast‐paced curriculum enhanced with technology—including computer‐based simulations and online assessments—emphasizes experiential learning in the context of addressing actual customer issues and goals. Executive sponsorship of action learning teams and selection of projects “keeps it real” and builds high‐level commitment to the learning process. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The story‐driven organization
Authors: Drake David B. , Lanahan Brian 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe old metaphors for business—war, science, the machine—are distancing and constrain an organization's ability to envision possibilities for action. Understanding motivation and behavior in terms of story—character, objective, and conflict—enables leaders to better engage both the minds and hearts of employees and manage change. The authors explain the elements of story and present six guidelines for tapping its power. Applications include connecting employees to the organization's mission; understanding and managing the cultural implications of system and process change; and marshalling the tension inherent in conflicting objectives, such as product performance and environmental stewardship, as a source of energy and innovation. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Longitudinal excursion and strain in the median nerve during novel nerve gliding exercises for carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Coppieters Michel W. , Alshami Ali M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractNerve and tendon gliding exercises are advocated in the conservative and postoperative management of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). However, traditionally advocated exercises elongate the nerve bedding substantially, which may induce a potentially deleterious strain in the median nerve with the risk of symptom exacerbation in some patients and reduced benefits from nerve gliding. This study aimed to evaluate various nerve gliding exercises, including novel techniques that aim to slide the nerve through the carpal tunnel while minimizing strain (“sliding techniques”). With these sliding techniques, it is assumed that an increase in nerve strain due to nerve bed elongation at one joint (e.g., wrist extension) is simultaneously counterbalanced by a decrease in nerve bed length at an adjacent joint (e.g., elbow flexion). Excursion and strain in the median nerve at the wrist were measured with a digital calliper and miniature strain gauge in six human cadavers during six mobilization techniques. The sliding technique resulted in an excursion of 12.4 mm, which was 30% larger than any other technique (p ≤ 0.0002). Strain also differed between techniques (p ≤ 0.00001), with minimal peak values for the sliding technique. Nerve gliding associated with wrist movements can be considerably increased and nerve strain substantially reduced by simultaneously moving neighboring joints. These novel nerve sliding techniques are biologically plausible exercises for CTS that deserve further clinical evaluation. © 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 25:972–980, 2007
Survival of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells in a xenotransplantation model
Authors: Wang Yan , Chen Xi , Armstrong Marilyn Ann , Li Gang 
Published: April 2007

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are immunoprivileged and the allogeneic MSCs implantation has been used to facilitate tissue repairs such as bone and cartilage defect. The present study aimed to investigate the feasibility of xenogeneic MSCs implantation. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic rat bone marrow‐derived MSCs were loaded into HA/TCP Skelite™ blocks and implanted intramuscularly into the quadriceps of the MF1 and SCID mice. After 11 weeks, the implants were harvested and processed for further examinations. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells of each animal were also collected to measure the in vitro immune responses using mixed lymphocyte culture and cytotoxic assay. In the MF1 mice, some surviving MSCs were found in the explants after 11 weeks of implantation, but there was no sign of new bone formation as neither osteocalcin mRNA nor osteoid tissues were detected in the explants; the lymphocyte proliferation and cytotoxicity against donor MSCs were significantly increased in the animals with the xenogeneic MSCs implantation compared with the control littermates without transplantation. In the control SCID mice, osteoid tissues derived from the implanted MSCs were found in the explants; no difference of lymphocyte proliferation and cytotoxicity against the donor MSCs was detected between the SCID mice with or without MSCs implantation. The data suggested that rat MSCs survived the 11 weeks of xenotransplantation in the MF1 mice, but the increased host immune sensitization led to the impaired in vivo osteogenesis potential of MSCs. © 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 25:926–932, 2007
Multicyclic Poly(ether sulfone)s Derived from Tris(4‐hydroxyphenyl)ethane
Authors: Garaleh Mazen , Polefka Claudia , Schwarz Gert , Kricheldorf Hans R. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractPolycondensations of 4,4′‐difluorodiphenylsulfone with tris(4‐hydroxy phenyl)ethane were performed in DMSO with variation of feed ratio and concentration. For feed ratios of 1.0:1.3–1.0:1.5, soluble multicyclic poly(ether sulfone)s were obtained when the monomer concentration was below 0.05 M. The conversions were never complete under standard conditions, and doubling the reaction time yielded perfect multicyclic products free of endgroups; however, a small fraction of the product was crosslinked under these conditions. Quite similar results were obtained with 4,4′‐dichlorodiphenylsulfone at higher temperatures. When K2CO3 was replaced by tertiary amines, conversions and molecular weights were lower. The multicyclic poly(ether sulfone)s were characterized by MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry, SEC, and DSC measurements. Broad molecular weight distributions with polydispersities in the range of 2.4–3.9 were found, and, surprisingly, two glass transitions were detectable in the DSC heating curves.magnified image
Synthesis and Characterization of UV‐Curable Resins from the Glycolysis of PET: Vinyl Ether/Maleate UV‐Curing System
Authors: Auvergne Rémi , Colomines Gaël , Robin Jean‐Jacques , Boutevin Bernard 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of photopolymerizable unsaturatedα,ω‐bismaleate poly(ethylene terephthalate) oligomer resins based on glycolysis of PET waste using diethylene glycol and the study of their photopolymerization with divinyl ethers have been described in a previous article. The use of PET glycolysis by DEG can be problematic because this oligoester is partially crystalline. The objective of this paper is to develop the UV‐curing technology for a new kind of glycolysate that are completely amorphous. Glycolysates with different molecular weights have been synthesized and functionalized by a methyl hemiester of maleic acid. The photopolymerization of these new functionalized oligoesters with divinyl ether is studied and the materials obtained are characterized. The influence of the glycolysate structures on the properties of the crosslinked materials is highlighted.magnified image
Characterization of Polyelectrolyte Complexes Based on Maleic Anhydride Alternating Copolymers by Static and Dynamic Light Scattering
Authors: Boyko Volodymyr , Richter Sven , Mende Mandy , Schwarz Simona , Zschoche Stefan , Arndt Karl‐Friedrich 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe influence of the hydrophobicity of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes based on maleic anhydride alternating copolymers on the complex formation has been investigated by means of DLS and SLS. The change of hydrophobicity of the stock polyions was provided by variation of the comonomer (ethylene, isobutylene and styrene) in the polymer backbone. The particle size and the polydispersity at certain mixing ratios increase with increasing hydrophobicity of the used polyelectrolytes. Below the isoelectric point (1:1 interaction stoichiometry) an increase in the mixing ration−/n+leads to an increasing molar mass and density of the PECs within separate series while the polydispersity is decreasing. The radius of gyration and the hydrodynamic radius are less affected by the mixing ratio in this range. Above the isoelectric point, size and molar mass of the PECs increase strongly and depend on the amount and stabilizing efficiency of the added stabilizing polyelectrolyte. All studied PECs are found to be of spherical shape with different internal structure depending on the used polymers and the mixing ratio.magnified image
Kinetic Analysis of Isothermal and Nonisothermal Epoxy‐Amine Cures by Model‐Free Isoconversional Methods
Authors: Perrin François‐Xavier , Nguyen Thi Minh Hanh , Vernet Jean‐Louis 
Published: April 2007

AbstractModel‐free and model‐fitting kinetic approaches were applied to isothermal and nonisothermal DSC data on epoxy cure. The dependence of the effective activation energy on the extent of cure was determined using integral and differential isoconversional methods. A different shape of the dependence in the kinetically controlled regime (α < 0.4) was found when compared to the dependence typically reported for epoxy‐amine systems. This result was shown to arise from the presence of low amounts of bisphenol A in the present epoxy that are efficient catalysts for epoxy amine reaction. A model‐free method prediction of isothermal cure from isothermal data has also been considered.magnified image