bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Summary of ‘Cup feeding versus other forms of supplemental enteral feeding for newborn infants unable to fully breastfeed’
Authors: Milne Andrea 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Flint A, New K, Davies NW. Cup feeding versus other forms of supplemental enteral feeding for newborn infants unable to fully breastfeed. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD005092. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD005092.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Commentary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Summary of ‘Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for depressive disorders in children and adolescents’
Authors: Milne Andrea 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Hetrick SE, Merry S, McKenzie J, Sindahl R, Protctor M. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for depressive disorders in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD004851. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004851.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Commentary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Summary of ‘Elective high frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional ventilation for acute pulmonary dysfunction in preterm infants’
Authors: Milne Andrea 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Henderson‐Smart DJ, Cools F, Bhuta T, Offringa M. Elective high frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional ventilation for acute pulmonary dysfunction in preterm infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Review 2007, Issue 3. Art. No. 2. CD000104.DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000104.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Commentary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
The First Example of the Tetraselenidostannate Anion [SnSe4]4– as a Chelating Ligand to a Lanthanide Complex Ion: Solvothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Lanthanoid Selenidostannates [Hdien][Ln(dien)2(μ‐SnSe4)] (Ln = Sm, Eu) and [Eu2(dien)4(μ‐OH)2]Sn2Se6
Authors: Zhu Ai‐Mei , Jin Qin‐Yan , Jia Ding‐Xian , Gu Jian‐Sheng , Zhang Yong 
Published: September 2008

AbstractNew lanthanoid selenidostannates [Hdien][Ln(dien)2(μ‐SnSe4)] [Ln = Sm (1), Eu (2); dien = diethylenetriamine] were solvothermally prepared by reaction of Ln2O3 (Ln = Sm, Eu) with Sn and Se in dien. The structures of 1 and 2 consist of the tetraselenidostannate anion [SnSe4]4– coordinating to a [Ln(dien)2]3+ fragment as a bidentate chelating ligand. The reaction of Ln2O3 and Se with SnCl4·5H2O under the same solvothermal conditions produces the selenidostannate [Eu2(dien)4(μ‐OH)2]Sn2Se6 (3), which is constructed from the two dinuclear ions [Eu2(dien)4(μ‐OH)2]4+ and [Sn2Se6]4–. The water molecule prevents the [SnSe4]4– anion from coordinating to the lanthanide center. As far as we know, compounds 1 and 2 are the first selenidostannates integrated within lanthanoid complexes prepared under mild solvothermal conditions. Upon heating, compounds 1 and 2 decompose in three steps, whereas compound 3 undergoes a one‐step decomposition procedure. The band gaps of 2.52, 2.08, and 2.43 eV were derived from optical absorption spectra for compounds 1, 2, and 3, respectively.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Metallocenium Salts of Nickel Bis(α‐thiophenedithiolate) [M(Cp*)2][Ni(α‐tpdt)2] (M = Fe, Mn, Cr) – Metamagnetism and Magnetic Frustration
Authors: Belo Dulce , Mendonça Joana , Santos Isabel C. , Pereira Laura Cristina Jesus , Almeida Manuel , Novoa Juan J. , Rovira Concepció , Veciana Jaume , Gama Vasco 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe family of charge‐transfer (CT) salts [M(Cp*)2][Ni(α‐tpdt)2] [α‐tpdt = 2,3‐thiophenedithiolate; M = Fe (1), Mn (2), Cr (3)] were prepared. The crystal structure of 3 is similar to that previously reported for 1 and is composed of alternatinglayers each consisting of parallel mixed donor–acceptorD+A–D+A–D+A– chains, and the chains in adjacent layers are perpendicular. A similar crystal structure is expected to occur in 2. The McConnell I model was used to analyze the intermolecular magnetic coupling in this family of compounds. The predicted ferromagnetic (FM) intrachain coupling and the antiferromagnetic (AFM) coupling in the interchain coupling (both intra and interlayer) are in good agreement with the experimental results. The magnetic behavior of these compounds is dominated by FM interactions, which are ascribed to the intrachain FM DA interactions. The low‐temperature magnetic behavior of the new CT salts contrasts that previously reported for metamagnetic compound 1. Whereas CT salt 3 remains paramagnetic down to 1.6 K, 2 shows magnetic behavior that is typical of a frustrated magnet and has a blocking temperature of ca. 4 K. For this compound, the magnetic frustration results from a degenerate ground state in the interlayer spin arrangements. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Luminescent Triazine‐Containing Bridged Polysilsesquioxanes Activated by Lanthanide Ions
Authors: Lin Nana , Li Huanrong , Wang Yige , Feng Yu , Qin Dashan , Gan Quanying , Chen Shudong 
Published: September 2008

AbstractLuminescent lanthanide‐complex‐bridged polysilsesquioxanes were prepared by sol–gel processing of a monomer with a large heterocyclic bridging group in the presence of lanthanide ions under acidic conditions. SEM, XRD, FTIR, luminescence spectra and luminescence decay analysis were used to characterize the obtained materials. The 5D0 quantum efficiency and the number of the water molecules coordinated to the Eu3+ ion were theoretically estimated on the basis of emission spectra and the lifetime of the 5D0 state.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Rhodium and Iridium Amino, Amido, and Aminyl Radical Complexes
Authors: Donati Nicola , Stein Daniel , Büttner Torsten , Schönberg Hartmut , Harmer Jeffrey , Anadaram Sreekanth , Grützmacher Hansjörg 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe chlorido‐bridged dimeric complex [Rh2(μ‐Cl)2(trop2NH)2] [trop2NH = bis(benzo[a,d]cycloheptenyl)amine] or the acetonitrile complexes [Rh(trop2NH)(MeCN)2]+(CF3SO3–) and [IrCl(MeCN)(trop2NH)] are well‐suited precursor complexes for phenanthroline‐type complexes [M(trop2NH)(R,R‐phen)]+A–(M = Rh, Ir; R = H, Me, Ph substituents in the 4,7‐ or 5,6‐positions of the phen ligand, A–= CF3SO3–, PF6–). These complexes contain 18‐valence‐electron configured metal centers in a trigonal–bipyramidal coordination sphere with the amino (NH) group in an axial position and each of the olefinic C=Ctropunits is in an equatorial position. The cationic amino complexes [M(trop2NH)(R,R‐phen)]+are sufficiently acidic (pKain dmso: 18.2–19.0) to be quantitatively deprotonated by one equivalent of KOtBu to give neutral amido complexes [M(trop2N)(R,R‐phen)] (M = Rh, Ir). These can be easily oxidized to give aminyl radical complexes [M(trop2N·)(R,R‐phen)]+A–, which for M = Rh can be isolated as green crystals. The iridium complex [Ir(trop2N·)(phen)]+is unstable. High‐resolution pulse EPR spectroscopy was used to gain insight into the electronic structure of the aminyl radical complexes. Remarkably, the rhodium and iridium complexes have a very similar electronic structure, as revealed by their EPR parameters {[Rh(trop2N·)(phen)]+:g1,2,3= 2.084(2), 2.049(2), 2.027(2);|Aiso| = 45.4 (N1), 10.4 (N2), 3.1 (N3) 27.0 (Rh) MHz; [Ir(trop2N·)(phen)]+:g1,2,3= 2.140(2), 2.107(2), 2.015(2);|Aiso| = 47 (N1), 7.9 (N2), 3.5 (N3), 26.8 (Ir) MHz} and these show that about 60 % of the spin population is localized on the nitrogen center (N1) of the trop2N ligand. In reactions with stannanes (R3SnH) and thiols (RSH), H‐atom transfer to the trop2N nitrogen atom is observed, [M(trop2N·)(phen)]++ EH → [M(trop2NH)(phen)]++ 1/2HE–EH.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Nonheme “FeIVO” Models: Ab Initio Analysis of the Low‐Energy Spin State Electronic Structures
Authors: Banse Frédéric , Girerd Jean‐Jacques , Robert Vincent 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe spin‐dependent geometries, energetics, and electronic structures of the [FeO]2+ motif are investigated on the basis of DFT and perturbative CASPT2 ab initio calculations. The synthetic complex [(L52)FeO]2+ exhibits an S = 1 ground state with a low‐lying (≈2000 cm–1) competing quintet and an open‐shell singlet as the second excited state (≈11000 cm–1 above the ground state). By using the geometry optimization information, it was shown from a valence bond reading of the variational wavefunctions that a FeIII–O· picture dominates and that the number of d electrons is almost five in the model system [Fe(NH3)5O]2+. Analogy with the spin‐crossover transition phenomenon is suggested, as the ground and low‐lying quintet states can be seen as resulting from a doublet → quartet transition of a Fe d5 ion. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Synthesis of Chiral Amines Using α‐Amino Aldehydes
Authors: Hili Ryan , Baktharaman Sivaraj , Yudin Andrei K. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIf one were to rank chemical reagents on the basis of their “synthetic content”, loosely defined as the density of functional groups per arbitrary unit of molecular space, the α‐amino aldehydes will find themselves close to the very top of that list. The presence of synthetically ubiquitous amine and aldehyde functionalities predisposes α‐amino aldehydes towards highly convergent bond‐forming operations. Such juxtaposition does not come without a price: incompatibility of these functional groups calls for protecting groups. We discuss challenges and recently identified opportunities in this field.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
A parallel computational method for simulating two‐phase gel dynamics on a staggered grid
Authors: Du Jian , Fogelson Aaron L. , Wright Grady B. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractWe develop a parallel computational algorithm for simulating models of gel dynamics where the gel is described by two phases, a networked polymer and a fluid solvent. The models consist of transport equations for the two phases, two coupled momentum equations, and a volume‐averaged incompressibility constraint. Multigrid with Vanka‐type box‐relaxation scheme is used as preconditioner for the Krylov subspace solver (GMRES) to solve the momentum and incompressibility equations. Through numerical experiments of a model problem, the efficiency, robustness and scalability of the algorithm are illustrated. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Applying local model approach for tidal prediction in a deterministic model
Authors: Sun Yabin , Sisomphon Piyamarn , Babovic Vladan , Chan Eng Soon 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn recent years, a practice of tidal prediction based on a deterministic model or by a time series forecasting model has been established. A deterministic model can predict tidal movement and capture the dynamics of the flow pattern over the entire domain. However, due to the simplification of model settings and near shore effects, the accuracy of the numerical model can diminish. Time series forecasting is capable of capturing the underlying mechanism that may not be revealed in the deterministic model simulation. However, such data‐driven forecast fails to maintain accuracy with the progress of forecast horizon. In this paper, a scheme that combines the advantages of these two methods is introduced. The model errors are forecasted to different time horizons using a data‐driven approach, and are then superimposed on the simulation results in order to correct the model output. Based on the proposed method, it is found that the accuracy is significantly improved with more than 50% of the errors removed on the average. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling regime transition in stock index futures markets and forecasting implications
Authors: Kanas Angelos 
Published: September 2008

AbstractUsing a time‐varying regime‐switching vector error correction approach, this paper seeks to address which factors explain the transition across regimes of the US and the UK stock index futures markets. The findings suggest that the basis exercises a significant effect in regime transition. The basis effect is driven by a dividend yield effect in the UK, and by a dividend yield effect and an interest rate effect in the USA. The volatility of the underlying index is another significant factor, which is consistent with the significance of the basis in conjunction with Chen et al. (1995). Furthermore, there is evidence of an international regime transition effect from the UK to the USA. In most cases, forecasts based on time‐varying regime transition models are more accurate than forecasts based on models with constant transition probabilities. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ARFIMA approximation and forecasting of the limiting aggregate structure of long‐memory process
Authors: Man K. S. , Tiao G. C. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis article studies Man and Tiao's (2006) low‐order autoregressive fractionally integrated moving‐average (ARFIMA) approximation to Tsai and Chan's (2005b) limiting aggregate structure of the long‐memory process. In matching the autocorrelations, we demonstrate that the approximation works well, especially for larger d values. In computing autocorrelations over long lags for larger d value, using the exact formula one might encounter numerical problems. The use of the ARFIMA(0, d, d̄1) model provides a useful alternative to compute the autocorrelations as a really close approximation. In forecasting future aggregates, we demonstrate the close performance of using the ARFIMA(0, d, d̄1) model and the exact aggregate structure. In practice, this provides a justification for the use of a low‐order ARFIMA model in predicting future aggregates of long‐memory process. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new saturated/unsaturated model for stormwater infiltration systems
Authors: Browne Dale , Deletic Ana , Mudd Gavin M. , Fletcher Tim D. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractInfiltration systems are widely used as an effective urban stormwater control measure. Most design methods and models roughly approximate the complex physical flow processes in these systems using empirical equations and fixed infiltration rates to calculate emptying times from full. Sophisticated variably saturated flow models are available, but rarely applied owing to their complexity. This paper describes the development and testing of an integrated one‐dimensional model of flow through the porous storage of a typical infiltration system and surrounding soils. The model accounts for the depth in the storage, surrounding soil moisture conditions and the interaction between the storage and surrounding soil. It is a front‐tracking model that innovatively combines a soil‐moisture‐based solution of Richard's equation for unsaturated flow with piston flow through a saturated zone as well as a reservoir equation for flow through a porous storage. This allows the use of a simple non‐iterative numerical solution that can handle ponded infiltration into dry soils. The model is more rigorous than approximate stormwater infiltration system models and could therefore be valuable in everyday practice. A range of test cases commonly used to test soil water flow models for infiltration in unsaturated conditions, drainage from saturation and infiltration under ponded conditions were used to test the model along with an experiment with variable depth in a porous storage over saturated conditions. Results show that the model produces a good fit to the observed data, analytical solutions and Hydrus. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A kinetic approach for simulating redox‐controlled fringe and core biodegradation processes in groundwater: model development and application to a landfill site in Piedmont, Italy
Authors: Rolle Massimo , Clement T. Prabhakar , Sethi Rajandrea , Di Molfetta Antonio 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA three‐dimensional model for predicting redox controlled, multi‐species reactive transport processes in groundwater systems is presented. The model equations were fully integrated within a MODFLOW‐family reactive transport code, RT3D. The model can simulate organic compound biodegradation coupled to different terminal electron acceptor processes. A computational approach, which uses the spatial and temporal distribution of the rates of different redox reactions, is proposed to map redox zones. The method allows one to quantify and visualize the biological degradation reactions occurring in three distinct patterns involving fringe, pseudo‐core and core processes. The capabilities of the numerical model are demonstrated using two hypothetical examples: a batch problem and a simplified two‐dimensional reactive transport problem. The model is then applied to an unconfined aquifer underlying a leaking landfill located near the city of Turin, in Piedmont (Italy). At this site, high organic load from the landfill leachate activates different biogeochemical processes, including aerobic degradation, denitrification, manganese reduction, iron reduction, sulfate reduction and methanogenesis. The model was able to describe and quantify these complex biogeochemical processes. The proposed model offers a rational framework for simulating coupled reactive transport processes occurring beneath a landfill site. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identifying individual rain events from pluviograph records: a review with analysis of data from an Australian dryland site
Authors: Dunkerley David 
Published: September 2008

AbstractRainfall is routinely reported as falling in ‘events’ or ‘storms’ whose beginning and end are defined by rainless intervals of a nominated duration (minimum inter‐event time, MIT). Rain events commonly exhibit fluctuations in rain rate as well as periods when rain ceases altogether. Event characteristics such as depth, mean rain rate, and the surface runoff volume generated, are defined in relation to the length of the rain event. These derived properties are dependent upon the value of MIT adopted to define the event, and the literature reveals a wide range of MIT criteria. Surprisingly little attention has been paid to this dependency, which limits the inter‐comparison of results in published work. The diversity in criteria also diminishes the usefulness of historical data on event durations, rain rates, etc., in attempts to document changes in the rainfall climate. This paper reviews the range of approaches used in the recognition of rain events, and a 5 year pluviograph record from an arid location is analysed. Changing MIT from 15 min to 24 h (lying within the range of published criteria) alters the number of rain events from 550 to 118. The mean rain rate declines from 2·04 mm h−1 to 0·94 mm h−1, and the geometric mean event duration rises from 0·66 h to 3·98 h. This wide variation in the properties of rain events indicates that more attention needs to be paid to the selection and reporting of event criteria in studies that adopt event‐based data analysis. The selection of a MIT criterion is shown to involve a compromise between the independence of widely‐spaced events and their increasingly variable intra‐event characteristics. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluating infiltration losses in a Mediterranean wetland: Las Tablas de Daimiel National Park, Spain
Authors: Castaño‐Castaño S. , Martínez‐Santos P. , Martínez‐Alfaro P. E. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractLas Tablas de Daimiel National Park is a series of wetlands which naturally originated from groundwater discharges from the Mancha Occidental aquifer, Spain. Despite the relatively large size of this aquifer, 30 years of intensive groundwater pumping have significantly depleted the water table. As a result, wetlands only remain functional due to artificial inflows. Infiltration loss is therefore a key parameter to evaluate how much water is needed to maintain ecosystem functionality. Although yearly infiltration estimates existed prior to this work, these did not take into account key parameters such as the temporal evolution of the flooded area. This paper presents a more concrete estimate of the average infiltration losses. Infiltration is calculated as the closure term of daily water balances during a period of time where all other elements were known to an acceptable accuracy. A validation mechanism is provided to check the potential utility of the calculated infiltration in wetland management practices. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Daily pan evaporation modelling using multi‐layer perceptrons and radial basis neural networks
Authors: Kişi Özgür 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis paper reports on investigations of the abilities of three different artificial neural network (ANN) techniques, multi‐layer perceptrons (MLP), radial basis neural networks (RBNN) and generalized regression neural networks (GRNN) to estimate daily pan evaporation. Different MLP models comprising various combinations of daily climatic variables, that is, air temperature, solar radiation, wind speed, pressure and humidity were developed to evaluate the effect of each of these variables on pan evaporation. The MLP estimates are compared with those of the RBNN and GRNN techniques. The Stephens‐Stewart (SS) method is also considered for the comparison. The performances of the models are evaluated using root mean square errors (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and determination coefficient (R2) statistics. Based on the comparisons, it was found that the MLP and RBNN computing techniques could be employed successfully to model the evaporation process using the available climatic data. The GRNN was found to perform better than the SS method. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.