bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Core and surface structure and magnetic properties of mechano- synthesized LaFeO3 nanoparticles and their Eu3+ -doped and Eu3+ /Cr3+-co-doped variants
Authors: Al-Mamari R. T. , Widatallah H. M. , Elzain M. E. , Gismelseed A. M. , Al-Rawas A. D. , Al-Harthi S. H. , Myint M. T. Z. , Al-Saqri N , Al-Abri Mohammed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The core and surface structure, and magnetism of mechano-synthesized LaFeO3 nanoparticles (30-40 nm), Eu3+-doped (La0.70Eu0.30FeO3), and Eu3+/Cr3+ co-doped (La0.70Eu0.30Fe0.95Cr0.05O3) are reported. Doping results in a transition from the O՝-type to the O-type distorted structure. Traces of reactants, intermediate phases, and a small amount of Eu2+ions were detected on the surfaces of the nanoparticles. The nanoparticles consist of antiferromagnetic cores flanked by ferromagnetic shells. The Eu3+ dopant ions enhance the magnetization values relative to those of the pristine nanoparticles and result in magnetic susceptibilities compatible with the presence of Eu3+ van Vleck paramagnetism of spin–orbit coupling constant (l = 363 cm-1) and a low temperature Curie-Weiss like behavior associated with the minority Eu2+ ions. Anomalous temperature-dependent magnetic hardening due to competing magnetic anisotropy and magnetoelectric coupling effects together with a temperature-dependent dopant-sensitive exchange bias, caused by thermally activated spin reversals at the core of the nanoparticles, were observed.
A Coordinated Adaptive Multiscale Enhanced Spatio-Temporal Fusion Network for Multi-lead Electrocardiogram Arrhythmia Detection
Authors: Yang Zicong , Jin Aitong , Li Yu , Yu Xuyi , Xu Xi , Wang Junxi , li Qiaolin , Guo Xiaoyan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The multi-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is extensively used in clinical diagnosis and monitoring of cardiac conditions. With the development of deep learning, automated multi-lead ECG diagnostic networks play a crucial role in biomedical engineering and clinical cardiac disease diagnosis. Methods for intelligent ECG diagnosis include Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Transformers, and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). However, CNN can extract local spatial features of images, but it cannot learn global spatial features and temporal memory features. On the other hand, RNN relies on time and can remember important sequence features, but it cannot effectively extract long dependencies of sequence data in practical situations. The self-attention mechanism in Transformer has the capability of global feature extraction, but it does not adequately prioritize local features and lacks spatial and channel feature extraction capabilities. In this study, we propose STFAC-ECGNet, which comprises a CAMV-RNN block, CBMV-CNN block, and TSEF block, combining the advantages of CNN, RNN, and Transformer. The CAMV-RNN block introduces a coordinated adaptive simplified self-attention module, which adaptively performs global sequence feature memorization and enhances spatial-temporal information. The CBMV-CNN block integrates spatial and channel attentional mechanism modules in a skip connection, which can combine spatial and channel information. The TSEF block implements enhanced multi-scale fusion of image spatial and sequence temporal features. In this study, comprehensive experiments were conducted using the PTB-XL large publicly available ECG dataset and the China Physiological Signal Challenge 2018 (CPSC2018) database. The results demonstrate that STFAC-ECGNet outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in multiple tasks, exhibiting robustness and generalization.
The Influence of Birthweight on Adult Lung Function: Insights from the UK Biobank
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhang Yuanyi , Bo Yacong , Li Pengfei , Jiang Tianci , Li Yue , Cheng Zhe , Zhu Yongjian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The potential impact of birthweight on adult lung function has been postulated, yet the precise nature of this association in later life remains inconclusive. This study involved extracting data from a total of 201,615 individuals from the UK Biobank dataset. To identify group differences in lung function based on birthweight subgroups, propensity score matching and a pairwise t-test were conducted. The impact of birthweight on lung function was established using a linear regression, gradually adjusting for variables. Additionally, subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate whether the relationship between birthweight and lung function was modified by variations in age-related lung function changes. The modifying effect was examined by adding a multiplicative interaction term. The low birthweight group demonstrated significantly lower forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in comparison to those in the adequate birthweight group (P < 0.001). Conversely, no statistically significant distinction was observed in macrosomia (P = 0.374 for FEV1; P = 0.911 for FVC). A positive linear correlation between birthweight and lung function was observed within each interval, specifically in the subgroup of individuals with a birthweight ranging from 2.5 to 4 Kg. After accounting for various confounding factors, every 1 Kg increase in birthweight was found to be significantly associated with a mean increase in FEV1 of 70.9 mL (95% CI 63.7 to 78.1, P < 0.001) in males and 56.0 mL (95% CI 52.1 to 59.9, P < 0.001) in females. Additionally, there was a significant increase in FVC of 86.7 mL (95% CI 78.3 to 95.1, P < 0.001) in males and 62.2 mL (95% CI 57.5 to 66.9, P < 0.001) in females. Additionally, macrosomia group demonstrated a more pronounced decrease in lung function over time, in contrast to the low birthweight group which exhibited a similar decline pattern to the adequate birthweight group. The utilization of a rigorous statistical methodology has enabled us to derive reliable results, indicating that attaining an optimal birthweight is of utmost importance in determining respiratory health.
Unveiling the Role of SYNGR4 in Breast Cancer Development: A Novel Target for Immunotherapy
Authors: Ma Jie , Wang Hongtao , Yang Yuanrong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Although SYNGR4 is recognized as a contributing gene to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, its involvement in the progression of breast cancer remains unknown. SYNGR4 expression in multiple types of cancer, such as breast cancer. The effect of SYNGR4 on breast cancer prognosis was analyzed using bioinformatics and possible pathways by which this molecule affects breast cancer prognosis were explored. GSVA was used to analyze the impact of SYNGR4 on immune infiltration in breast cancer, while cellular and animal experiments confirmed the influence of SYNGR4 on breast cancer proliferation, migration, and tumor-associated macrophage polarization within cancer foci. SYNGR4 is abundantly present in numerous cancerous growths, such as breast cancer, and has an impact on the outlook for individuals with breast cancer. This may be a volatile effect through Organelle fission, chromosome segregation, nuclear division, etc. Increased SYNGR4 expression impacts the growth, movement, and immune cell infiltration of breast cancer, as well as encourages the transformation of tumor-associated macrophages in breast cancer towards M2 polarization. SYNGR4 overexpression can affect the prognosis of breast cancer patients by promoting M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages in breast cancer, and this molecule may be a novel target for breast cancer immunotherapy.
Navigating the Future of Healthcare: Divulging the Significance of "Patient as an Organization" in the Digital Health Landscape
Authors: Gupta Atantra Das 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article presents the concept of the "Patient as an Organization" paradigm, highlighting its importance in the context of digital health. This notion highlights the need of patient-centered care and the strategic incorporation of digital health technology by likening healthcare systems to dynamic organizations. We explore the ways in which this method promotes creativity, improves patient involvement, and aligns healthcare regulations with the objectives of the company to get better healthcare results. The use of digital health technology is crucial in addressing global health concerns. This article advocates for a change in viewpoint towards seeing the patient as an organization, which encourages a cooperative, thorough, and individualized approach to healthcare.
Direct observation of North Atlantic nutrient transport and biological pump variability linked to the Meridional Overturning Circulation
Authors: Carracedo Lidia I. , McDonagh Elaine , Sanders Richard , Moore C. Mark , Mercier Herle , Brown Peter J. , Torres-Valdés Sinhué , Mawji Edward W. , Baringer Molly , Smeed David , Rosón Gabriel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The ocean biological carbon pump (BCP) plays a pivotal role in the global carbon cycle. The BCP magnitude is determined by the fraction of nutrients utilised in biological production and remineralised at depth, with the remainder being subducted into the interior unused as ‘preformed’ nutrients. This fraction is currently around 50% and subject to the interaction of biological processes and global scale circulation. Consequently, changes in circulation can potentially impact biological carbon storage. Here we provide observational evidence that the reduction in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) that occurred over the 2004-2018 period has been accompanied by substantial changes in nutrient transports and associated carbon storage. Persistent southward net nutrient transport across 26.5°N exceeded nutrient sources, except by the end of the period when the system approached balance. This transient net loss of nutrients from the North Atlantic was accompanied by increases in the ratio of remineralized to preformed nutrients, indicating an increasing BCP efficiency (and carbon storage). Our results thus demonstrate observable transient changes in large scale nutrient transports linked to AMOC changes over interannual - decadal timescales, with implications for future ocean carbon storage.
Research on the Effect of Personal Income Tax Adjustment on Income Distribution Based on General Equilibrium
Authors: li Baofeng , zhang xuerui , Chen Tigui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Personal income tax is the most important tax type to regulate the distribution of residents' income in China, but how the redistributive effect of personal income tax is, the existing literature lacks an in-depth analysis based on general equilibrium. To study the impact of personal income tax on resident income distribution, this article constructs a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model of taxation and compiles Social Accounting Matrices (SAM) based on the four issues of China’s Input-output Table published in the past decade, and comprehensively measures and vertically compares the effect of personal income tax on resident income distribution from income effect and consumption effect. Research has found that: (1) levying personal income tax has narrowed the income gap among urban, rural, and national residents, indicating a progressive nature of taxation. Chinese Personal income tax taxpayers are mainly concentrated in high-income groups, which is the main reason for the progressive nature of Personal income tax. (2) Across time, the redistributive effect of the personal income tax increased period by period before the 2018 tax reform, and then weakened after the tax change. Finally, this article proposes policy recommendations to improve the personal income tax system and enhance the redistribution effect. The research conclusion provides reference significance for further reforming China’s tax system and improving the income distribution pattern.
JEL Codes C68, D31. D63, H23, H25
Determination of UPLC-ESI MS/MS- and GC-MS-based altitudinal variations in the bioactive potential of traditional medicinal plants
Authors: Singh Garima , Passari Ajit Kumar , Kumar N Senthil , Kumar Brijesh , Nayak S Chandra , Ram Heera , Singh Bhim Pratap 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Traditional medicinal plants have attracted scientific interest due to their bioactive compounds, and the levels of their constituents vary with location and altitude. The present study was designed to evaluate the pharmacological potential of two traditional medicinal plants, Mikania micrantha and Ageratum huostonianum; these were collected from two sites, Murlen National Park (MNP) and Dampa Tiger Reserve (DTR), which are located at different altitudes. Both plant species are used by local traditional healers in Mizoram, Northeast India, for the treatment of various health problems. We hypothesized that altitudinal variation would affect these plants' chemical composition and bioactive potential. Plant extracts were evaluated for antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities. The results show that the plants located at a higher altitude, i.e., MNP, showed higher TPC (615.7 ± 0.58 and 453.80 ± 0.95 µg gallic acid equivalents/mg of plant extract dry weight (µg GAE/mg) for M. micrantha and A. huostonium, respectively) and TFC (135.4 ± 0.46 and 120.66 ± 1.93 µg quercetin equivalents/mg of plant extract dry weight (µg GE/mg) for M. micrantha and A. huostonium, respectively). The extract of A. houstonianum (MNP) exhibited significantly greater antioxidant activity against ABTS radicals (IC50 241.6 µg/mL) as compared to the extract of A. houstonianum (DTR) (IC50 371.2 µg/mL). The composition of the bioactive compounds present in the plants was determined using UPLC-ESI MS/MS and GC/MS, which detected five and ten compounds in the A. houstonianum and M. micrantha extracts, respectively. Plant species collected from the Murlen National Park site had high bioactivity potential and contained several bioactive compounds. A distinct variation between the volatile and non-volatile compounds was revealed. The collective data in this study show the influence of altitude on the biological compound production of selected medicinal plants. The findings will be utilized in determining the plant material needed for the development of bioactive formulations.
Facile Photochemical Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Luminescent Gold Nanoparticles as Versatile Probes for Bioimaging Applications
Authors: Yang Lulu , Yan Feihong , Zhu Shengcang , Liu Helin , Wang Jianhai , Wang Lijun , Hong Yuankai , Fu Limin , Zhang Jianping , Chen Xia , Song Xiaojing , Zhang Weibo , Han Rongcheng , Jiang Yuqiang , Sha Yinlin , Liu Zhiyong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Luminescent gold nanoparticles (L-AuNPs) with sizes larger than 2 nm have attracted significant interest as a novel type of nanomaterial, particularly in the field of biomedical imaging, owing to their distinctive optical properties and excellent biocompatibility. Nevertheless, the prevalent method for synthesizing these L-AuNPs is thermal reduction, and there remains room for enhancing their photoluminescence (PL) emission efficiency. Herein, we report a facile photochemical route for the preparation of highly L-AuNPs (L-AuNP@HTT) coated with 2-n-hexylthio-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-thiol (HTT). These L-AuNP@HTT possess a diameter of 3.19 nm and exhibit exceptional optical properties, including a high quantum yield (φ ~12%), an extremely long luminescence lifetime (~1 μs), a symmetric PL profile, as well as a narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM ≤ 49 nm). Furthermore, they display an unusually large two-photon absorption (TPA) cross-sections (σ) of up to 8.0 × 104 GM (1 GM = 10-50 cm4 s photon-1). After encapsulation in a polymer matrix (namely p-AuNPs), the TPA cross-sections could be further enhanced to 1.1 × 108 GM per particle, and these prepared p-AuNPs show high photostability and efficient mitochondrial targeting. With these p-AuNPs, high-quality mitochondrial-targeted two-photon excited luminescence (TPEL) imaging, deep tissue time-gated TPEL imaging, and in vivo computed tomography (CT) imaging have been successfully achieved. These results pave the way for the facile synthesis of highly luminescent gold nanoparticles for a wide range of bioimaging applications.
Synthesis of Y zeolite via acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of tetraethylorthosilicate
Authors: Zhou Bosen , Zhao Yinghao , Lai Zhengbo , Zhou Hualan , Zhu Jing , Wang ShengKang , Zhao Yibo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The siliceous precursor was hydrolyzed from tetraethylsilicic acid (TEOS) under acidic conditions, then sodium aluminate and sodium hydroxide were added, and Y zeolite was obtained by hydrothermal crystallization under alkaline conditions. The key synthesis parameters, such as reactant molar ratios, crystallization temperature and time were changed to optimize the synthesis conditions. The obtained products were characterized by XRD, SEM, N2 adsorption and ICP elemental analysis. The well-crystallized Y zeolite was successfully synthesized by hydrolysis of TEOS catalyzed by sulfuric acid at low crystallization temperature 85℃ which has a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio（SAR）of 5.55.
Navigating Latency Hurdles: An In-Depth Examination of a Cloud-Powered GNSS Real-Time Positioning Application on Mobile Devices
Authors: Olcina Jorge Hernández , Julián Ana Anquela , Furones Ángel Martín 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A growing dependence on real-time positioning apps for navigation, safety, and location-based services necessitates a deep understanding of latency challenges within cloud-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) solutions. This study analyses a GNSS real-time positioning app on smartphones that utilizes cloud computing for positioning data delivery. The study investigates and quantifies diverse latency contributors throughout the system architecture, including GNSS signal acquisition, data transmission, cloud processing, and result dissemination. Controlled experiments and real-world scenarios are employed to assess the influence of network conditions, device capabilities, and cloud server load on overall positioning latency. Findings highlight system bottlenecks and their relative contributions to latency. Additionally, practical recommendations are presented for developers and cloud service providers to mitigate these challenges and guarantee an optimal user experience for real-time positioning applications. This study not only elucidates the complex interplay of factors affecting GNSS app latency, but also paves the way for future advancements in cloud-based positioning solutions, ensuring the accuracy and timeliness critical for safety-critical and emerging applications.
Associated Risk Factors of Human Papillomavirus infection and Cervical Dysplasia among Women in Kaduna State Nigeria
Authors: ADEJO Daniel Stephen , AMINU Maryam , ELLA Elijah Ekah , Oguntayo Adekunle O , Murtala Abubakar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cervical dysplasia (CD) is precancerous condition in which healthy cells on the cervix undergo some abnormal changes. The abnormal cells are not cancerous, but can develop into cancer if not discovered early and treated. About 250,000 to 1 million women in the U.S. get diagnosed with CD each year. The main cause of CD is human papillomavirus virus (HPV) which spreads through sexual contact. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HPV causes more than 9 out of 10 cervical cancers. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and risk factors for HPV and CD among apparently healthy women in Kaduna State, Nigeria. This is a cross – sectional study involved five hundred and fifteen consented women of reproductive age across the three Senatorial zones of Kaduna State between September 2019 and March 2022. Using structured questionnaires which sought information on their socio-demographic characteristics, and lifestyle behavior including sexual history, the cervical smears were taken using the Liquid Base Cytology technique for detecting HPV using Polymerase Chain Reaction and the studied by a cytologist adopting the Bethesda methods. The results revealed the prevalence of HPV and cervical dysplasia in the study population to be 11.8% and 6.4% respectively. The main risk factor for HPV infection was age (P=0.043). Risk factors for CD include age (P= 0.001), Socio economic class (P=0.009), and alcohol consumption (P =0.0049). Parity of more than four is a risk factors for both HPV infection (P= 0.023) and CD (P= 0.025).The results were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Cross‑tabulation was used to explore statistical associations between categorical variables. Variables were summarized using frequency distribution, means, proportions, and findings were presented in tables and pie charts. Chi‑square statistic was used to assess the association between categorical variables. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. The prevalence of HPV and CD in asymptomatic women among the study population is 11.8% and 6.4% respectively. Risk factors for HPV infection and CD were found to be significant in this study were parity of more than 4 (P=0.023) and age (P= 0.01). Other risk factors studied include level of education, marital status, types of marriage use of hormonal contraceptives, menarche alcohol consumption and smoking but were not statistically significant in this study.
Anthelmintic efficacy and phytochemical screening of ethanolic extract of the discarded Schumannianthus dichotomus stem- a waste product of the local handicraft industry of Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
Authors: Gupta Manjil , Saha Rachita , Saha Subrata , Kar Pradip Kumar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose:This study aims to explore the anthelmintic potential of the ethanolic extract derived from the discarded stem ofSchumannianthus dichotomuson the cestodeRaillietinaspp. Additionally, phytochemical screening of the extracts seeks to elucidate the presence of bioactive compounds responsible for the observed anthelmintic activity.Methods:Raillietinaspp., the model parasite, was collected from the intestine of freshly slaughtered fowl and treated with different doses of ethanolic extract and fractions ofSchumannianthus dichotomusfor motility assays to determine the most efficacious dose. Changes in the ultrastructure of the worms were investigated through TEM and SEM. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytochemicals in the crude extract as well as GCMS analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction were also done.Results:The worms showed dose dependent reduction in motility and survival. The most efficacious dose and fraction were determined to be 20 mg/ml and ethyl acetate fraction respectively. Changes in tegument and internal structures were evidenced by SEM and TEM observations. The crude extract was found rich in alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids. GCMS analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction identified five major compounds out of which Phthalic acid, di(2-propylpentyl) ester may be the major bioactive component responsible for the anthelmintic activity.Conclusion:Our study firmly establishes the anthelmintic potential of the waste part ofSchumannianthus dichotomusand prospects its valorisation.