bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes and current Indian scenario: A narrative review
Authors: Muralidharan Shrikanth 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Health needs assessment plays a critical role in identifying priorities and allocating resources to enhance health outcomes and reduce disparities. This write-up focuses on the health priority of diabetic care in India and highlights the challenges faced in its management. The prevalence of diabetes in India is alarmingly high and is projected to increase in the future, making it a significant concern. Key challenges include lack of awareness among the population, poor diagnosis, limited access to quality care, medication adherence issues, and physicians’ limited time and knowledge. Insufficient awareness hampers prevention efforts and understanding of associated complications. Diagnosis and access to quality care remain major challenges, particularly in rural areas, due to various factors such as treatment costs and underdeveloped healthcare infrastructure. Medication adherence is a significant issue influenced by high costs, complex treatment regimens, and limited transportation options. Healthcare professionals face knowledge gaps and time constraints, affecting the optimal management of diabetes. The scarcity of trained professionals exacerbates the situation. The write-up also discusses current policies and programs in India for diabetes care, including the CARRS diabetes care delivery model, the Diabetes Tele Management System, and doctor training programs. While these initiatives aim to improve care, their effectiveness is not extensively evaluated. The conclusion emphasizes the need for increased awareness, improved diagnosis and access to care, medication affordability, enhanced healthcare professional training, and effective policy implementation to address the challenges in diabetic care in India.
Impact of disasters on the disaster responders: A review of stress, coping, resilience, and supportive methods
Authors: Kar Nilamadhab 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
As disasters are becoming more common, there is an ever-increasing need for support from personnel working in those situations, from search and rescue to emergency health care, relief, and postdisaster short- and long-term support. Exposure to traumatic situations affects disaster responders psychologically for various reasons and to different degrees. These mental health sequelae need to be identified, and the responders should be appropriately supported. A narrative review was conducted from the available literature in this regard. There are reports of the impact of disaster stress on disaster responders, and many have short- and long-term consequences. These are mostly anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress. In some cases, it might impair their effectiveness in disaster work. There is information about improving preparedness for disaster exposure, coping strategies, and effective psychological intervention methods for the responders. However, the availability and adequacy of the support system in various situations are not clear. The impact of disaster trauma on disaster responders needs to be extensively studied and support systems should be in place to manage the negative psychosocial outcomes.
Profile of nonattending patients at psychiatric outpatient clinics before (in-person model) and during COVID-19 pandemic (telepsychiatry model): A comparison study
Authors: Kiani Mahum , Kar Nilamadhab 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:
Missed appointments in mental health services have been a concern; as nonattendance may be associated with various clinical risk factors.

AIMS:
We intended to compare the profile of nonattenders at psychiatric outpatient clinics before (in-person model) and during the COVID-19 pandemic when the services changed to remote consultations (telepsychiatry model).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Clinical features (diagnosis, medical and psychological treatment, care program approach, and first contact), risk to self and others, and demographic variables (age, gender, ethnicity, accommodation, occupation, and benefits) were collected from the electronic records. The outcomes after the missed appointment were also noted.

RESULTS:
The sample consisted of 23 nonattenders in January 2020 (pre-COVID-19) and 32 nonattenders in November 2020 (during COVID-19); with an overall rate of nonattendance of 20% and 22%, respectively. Nonattenders during COVID-19 were significantly (P < 0.05) younger (36.4 ± 10.2 vs. 45.3 ± 15.0), and had more male patients (68.8% vs. 31.3%) compared to pre-COVID-19. There were no differences in other demographic variables, diagnoses, treatment received, or level of care. Risk to self was significantly more during COVID-19 (34.4% vs. 8.7%, P < 0.05) and risk to others was less (0.0% vs. 17.4%, P < 0.05). Significantly more (P < 0.05) nonattenders were contacted by letters during COVID-19 (81.3%) than pre-COVID-19 (52.2%); a higher (P < 0.05) proportion of nonattenders were discharged from services during COVID-19 (34.4%) compared to pre-COVID-19 period (8.7%).

CONCLUSIONS:
During COVID-19, when psychiatric outpatient services changed to remote consultations, there were differences in the profile of nonattenders and their risks. The results suggest that telepsychiatry services should explore the profile of nonattenders and their risks for arranging appropriate support.
Public education for mental health: Revisiting its intervention potential
Authors: Kar Nilamadhab 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
It is well known that public knowledge about mental illnesses is not at an expected level, and misinformation and stigma continue to be commonplace. These factors have a negative impact on appropriate and timely help seeking, adherence to treatment, and consequently on the clinical outcomes. There are robust public education materials and resources available through various platforms, such as the print and electronic media and the Internet. In fact, there is information overload, and a considerable proportion of the information is inaccurate, unscientific, and unreliable. Considering this, there is a need for appropriate guidance to be provided by the mental health professionals to the patients, caregivers, and general public. Public education for mental health is not only helpful but is also an effective intervention that is not adequately used. It should be actively encouraged and practiced routinely. This may improve the mental health literacy of the general public; the help seeking, engagement, and adherence of the patients with the treatment process would possibly be better, and these may help the intervention and outcome of mental illnesses.
Sacral nerve stimulation effect on colonic motility in pediatric patients
Authors: Dorfman Lev , Sigal Anat , El-Chammas Khalil , Mansi Sherief , Kaul Ajay 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat refractory constipation in children. While its efficacy in improving symptoms has been studied, its effect on colonic motor function remains unclear. This case series explores SNS’s impact on colonic motor function in pediatric patients with idiopathic constipation, using high-resolution colonic manometry (HRCM).

Methods:
Four pediatric patients with chronic idiopathic constipation underwent SNS placement for intractable symptoms and were subsequently evaluated via HRCM. Clinical characteristics, comorbidities, treatment regimens, and outcomes were reviewed. HRCM was conducted during the SNS-off and SNS-on phases. The motility index (MI) was measured during the SNS-off (fasting and postprandial) and SNS-on phases.

Results:
Four pediatric patients aged 8 to 21 years met the inclusion criteria. In three patients, SNS-induced high-amplitude propagating contractions (HAPCs) were noted, and in one patient, low-amplitude propagating contractions (LAPCs) were noted. In one patient, propagating contractions were induced only when SNS was turned on. MI changes with SNS-on were variable among different patients with an increase in MI in two patients after turning SNS on and a decrease in the other two compared with baseline. Adverse effects following SNS placement remained minimal across all cases.

Conclusion:
This case series is the first to report SNS effects on colonic motility evaluated by HRCM in pediatrics. We demonstrate that propagating colonic contractions are promptly induced when SNS is turned on. Although the initial effects of SNS on colonic motility were observable, additional investigation is necessary to comprehend the fundamental mechanisms and long-term effectiveness of SNS in pediatric patients.
Development of Augmented Reality Applications-Flat Geometry and Space in Android-Based Primary School
Authors: Widyaastuti Eri , Rahmawati Suwanto Fevi 
Published: March 2024

This study aims to design an Android-based Flat and Spatial Geometry Augmented Reality Application in primary school (SD, Sekolah Dasar) that is valid and practical. This application uses the Vuforia library which is capable of playing sound and displaying animated 3D objects, played by the user in a real environment using the help of books and Android-based smartphones. This research is a Research and Development (R&D) study using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation) to develop Flat and Spatial Geometry Augmented Reality Applications in Elementary Schools as a learning medium that is expected to be able to create a fun and effective learning environment to improve students' mathematical literacy ability. The research subjects were 32 students of class VI at SD Negeri 050660 Kwala Bingai Stabat. The research instruments used in this study included validation sheets to obtain an assessment of the validity of the application, and student response questionnaires to determine the practicality of the application. The results of the research and development show that the Application of Augmented Reality Flat and Spatial Geometry is in very good criteria. The results obtained based on the analysis of the black box test obtained a success percentage of 100% and the white box test obtained a success percentage of 100%. While the average validation score is 90.19% of the total interpretation. In the field test, it was obtained an average practicality percentage of 84.5% from 15 assessment items. So that the application of augmented reality flat geometry and space is included in the very good criteria.
LEGAL REGULATION OF THE STATUS OF A «SOCIAL ENTERPRISE»
Authors: БИРИЧ А.А. 
Published: March 2024

В статье рассмотрены основные источники нормативного-регулирования такой правовой ка- тегории, как «социальное предпринимательство», а также делается вывод о значении рассматриваемой катего- рии в системе реализации государственной поддержки предпринимательства.
The article examines the main sources of normative regulation of such a legal category as «Social entrepreneurship » and draws a conclusion about the significance of the category under consideration in the system of implementing state support for entrepreneurship.
Development of Proteasome Inhibitors for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Chen Xu , Wu Xuan , Li Linyan , Zhu Xiaoming 
Published: March 2024

Review
Development of Proteasome Inhibitors for Cancer Therapy

Xu Chen † , Xuan Wu † , Linyan Li, and Xiaoming Zhu *

State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China
* Correspondence: xmzhu@must.edu.mo

Received: 12 January 2024
Accepted: 19 February 2024
Published: 18 March 2024

Abstract: The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is considered a crucial degradation machinery in cellular processes of protein quality control and homeostasis. Dysregulation of the UPS is closely associated with many diseases. The proteasome is a key core component of the UPS, which can prevent the accumulation of misfolded proteins and regulate various cellular processes such as cell cycle, apoptosis, and immune responses. In the past two decades, a total of three proteasome inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of hematological malignancies, including bortezomib, carfilzomib, and ixazomib. Additionally, accumulating reports have suggested that some natural product-derived proteasome inhibitors have been developed as anti-cancer drug candidates. In this review, we summarize the development of proteasome inhibitors as well as the mechanisms involved, clinical application progress, and drug resistance. The natural products of proteasome inhibitors and their future perspectives will also be discussed.
Breaking Boundaries: Novel Effects of Levosimendan in Various Diseases
Authors: Zhang Hongyuan , Zhao Minxing , Liu Yanrong 
Published: March 2024

Review
Breaking Boundaries: Novel Effects of Levosimendan in Various Diseases

Hongyuan Zhang 1, Minxing Zhao 2, and Yanrong Liu 1,3,*
1 Michael Smith building, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, M139PT Manchester, UK.
2 Loreto High School, Chorlt on, M217SW Manchester, UK.
3 The Department of Cardiology, the 1st Affiliated Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, China.
* Correspondence: yanrong.liu@manchester.ac.uk

Received: 6 February 2024
Accepted: 23 February 2024
Published: 18 March 2024

Abstract: Levosimendan, an inodilator that has been applied in clinical use for over two decades, has transcended its initial indication in the management of acutely decompensated chronic heart failure. Over the years, it has been adopted in septic shock, perioperative use of cardiac surgery, advanced end-stage heart failure, and has shown potential for inhaled administration, highlighting its versatility. Levosimendan has diverse mechanisms of action which mediate its non-traditional uses. Ongoing research aims to expand our understanding and develop personalized treatment strategies for the use of levosimendan. The significance of levosimendan in acute decompensated heart failure and cardiogenic shock, highlights its evolving role in contemporary cardiovascular medicine. This comprehensive review explores its pharmacodynamics, effects, and the challenges and opportunities it presents in various clinical settings. We describe levosimedan’s expanding usage, ranging from septic shock, intermittent intravenous in advanced heart failure, perioperative cardiac surgery and pulmonary hypertension management by inhaled levosimendan as well as its future prospects.
O papel do educador: transformando o ensino de primeiros socorros com jogos interativos
Authors: Cabanha Regiane Santana da Conceição Ferreira , Paiva Geilson Mendes de , Abreu Tamaia Batista , Nunes Jordson Kaique Oliveira , Marceliano-Alves Marília Fagury Videira , Almeida Filho Rogério Benedito , Romeiro Edenilze Teles , Campos Adilson Gomes de , Barbosa Thays Menezes Guimarães , Zanoni Rodrigo Daniel 
Published: March 2024

O papel do educador é fundamental na construção de uma sociedade mais segura e preparada para lidar com situações de emergência. No contexto do ensino de primeiros socorros, sua influência é crucial para capacitar os indivíduos a agirem de forma eficaz e rápida diante de eventos adversos.O objetivo do estudo é é investigar e analisar o papel fundamental do educador no contexto do ensino de primeiros socorros por meio da utilização de jogos interativos. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, com buscas entre setembro de 2023 e fevereiro de 2024, nas bases de dados SciELO; BVS e Google Acadêmico, foram usados os descritores "Jogos", "Educador", "Primeiros Socorros" e "Material de Ensino". Foram usados apenas estudos em português, livres para acesso e dentro do recorte temporal de 2016 e 2024. Estudos repetidos e fora do escopo foram eliminados. Apenas 12 artigos compuseram a amostra final. De acordo com os estudos, os educadores promovendo uma conexão significativa entre os conceitos explorados nos jogos e suas aplicações práticas no mundo real. Através dessa abordagem contextualizada, os estudantes são incentivados não apenas a adquirir conhecimento, mas também a desenvolver habilidades tangíveis, como ressuscitação cardiopulmonar (RCP), tratamento de ferimentos e identificação de condições médicas agudas. Essa integração eficaz entre teoria e prática não apenas fortalece o aprendizado, mas também prepara os alunos para enfrentarem desafios do dia a dia com confiança e competência. Em conclusão, os educadores atuam como guias, facilitando o acesso dos alunos aos recursos disponíveis e fornecendo orientações sobre como utilizar essas ferramentas de forma eficiente.
THE LINGUISTIC CHARACTER OF TAAROF IN SPEECH ETIQUETTE OF IRANIANS
Authors: Sadykova R.  K. 
Published: March 2024

The word taarof is widely used in the modern speech etiquette of Iranians. Taarof is known as a form of polite literature in Iranian culture. The thorough study of taarof is important for the theory and application of intercultural communication. Therefore, the article analyzes the theoretical studies of scientists about taarof, considers the main postulates of the theory of politeness and issues of national features of speech etiquette in Persian culture, and lastly it analyzes the linguistic nature of taarof used by Iranians in everyday real communication.The purpose of the article is to analyze the taarof in speech etiquette of Iranians. In this regard, to study the rules of using the polite form of communication between the addresser and the addressee and the scope of application of taarof in speech etiquette among Iranian peoples from the point of view of linguistic culture and traditions. The methodology of researching the issues in the article is closely related to the fields of linguistics, sociology, and pragmalinguistics. Analysis, description, and empirical and social scientific research methods are used in the course of the research on the speech etiquette of Iranians.According to the research of scientists, people's communication with each other should be based on the national mentality and its own laws, rules, and principles established in that place. Admittedly, it is true that people living in that environment prosper and mature according to the development of society. A learner of any language should know the mentality, worldview, and traditions of the country where he is learning the language in order to implement the language etiquette of that nation because cultural differences might have a negative impact on the relationship or create obstacles.When a language learner travels to the country of Iran,it is important for intercultural communication knows the cultural, linguistic and behavioural differences of that country.It is effective to use the results of the research in the teaching of the Persian language to language learners and in the research work of students.
PRAGMASTILISTIC FEATURES OF ZHYRAU POETRY OF THE XV-XVIII CENTURIES
Authors: Yessenova K. U. , Seуitova B. B. 
Published: March 2024

In the modern scientific paradigm of linguistics, the study of a literary text is carried out through an artistic concept. In this concept, the semantics of the word is considered both individual and common to the nation. This determines the priority of emotional expressiveness in the use of words by the author of a literary text, as well as the presence of an evaluation category. This is recognized as a unit of consciousness that determines the connection between culture and language.The article discusses the functional pragmatic properties, aesthetic function of zhyrau poetry. This is a space for the exchange of information about complex thought processes, such as perception, understanding, analysis, which allows you to establish a connection between the author and the reader.When analyzing the poetry of the zhyrau, their desire to critically analyze the state of the people, the linguistic means used to influence the addressee, make it possible to present the image of the zhyrau as an acting personality. Pragmastilistic systematization reveals the common features of the linguistic use of zhyrau. The frequency and clarity of use, partial features of such language tools include the stylistic character of the author. Therefore, it is important to pragmatically and stylistically classify the common features of zhyrau poetry.
Emerging Issues in European Customs Law
Authors: Wolffgang Hans-Michael 
Published: March 2024

In 1968 the Customs of the six founding Member States of the European Economic Union (EEC) had already been harmonised to such a degree that the customs payable by third countries could be established on the basis of a common customs tariff. Since it was no longer possible to levy customs duties on goods traded between Member States, there existed a customs tariff union between the founding Member States of the modern European Community long before the creation of the European internal market. However, by itself the creation of a common customs tariff was not enough to realise a customs union as a fundamental characteristic of the European internal market. The EEC Treaty already required customs law to be harmonised in addition to tariffs. For many years rules governing customs law were scattered among a number of Regulations and sometimes differed. However, in 1994 the Community Customs Code (CC) and the Regulation laying down provisions for the implementation of the Community Customs Code created a uniform European customs law binding on all Member States. This has now provided a sound basis for achieving uniformity in customs matters of 27 countries.
HS 2007: Notes of the Tariff Nomenclature and the Additional Notes of the EC
Authors: Weerth Carsten 
Published: March 2024

The fundamental rules for the classification of goods into a customs tariff which complies with the Harmonized System for the Description and Coding of Goods (HS) are according to General Rule 1, the six general rules of classification, the terms of headings and the notes (and according to General Rule 6 the terms of subheadings and subheading notes). The rules of the tariff schedule are complex, and whilst the overall numbers of headings and subheadings are known, the notes of the HS-nomenclature, the combined nomenclature (CN) and the Common Customs Tariff (CCT) of the European Community (EC) have not been examined in a systematic way. This paper identifies all notes (and subheading notes) which are in force worldwide as at HS 2007 (for sections and chapters) and examines also the sections and chapters for which the EC has established further so-called ‘additional notes’, which are valid only within the EC. The HS 2007 contains 380 notes and 56 subheading notes which are valid worldwide, and the EC has added 98 additional notes within the CN and the CCT (as of May 2007). The 534 notes that accompany the 1,221 HS-headings, 5,052 HS-subheadings and 9,720 CN-subheadings are proof of the complexity of the rules of the CCT which contains more than 16,500 legal rules for the classification of goods.