bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
More Haste, Less Speed in Theology*
Authors: LACOSTE JEAN‐YVES 
Published: May 2007

Abstract:  Philosophy requires patience; theology differs from philosophy by its haste. Theological language lives urgently, under kerygmatic constraints, and yet is allowed delay for its tasks of interpretation. It searches for its words, forging a third language, which ‘fulfils’ the language of Jew and Greek and yet is a ‘hard’ language, tying the future of mankind to the fate of a single crucified man. It awakens a capacity for experience that is latent in us, yet violates our expectations.Hermeneutic demands take a new turn when speech becomes text. Languages age and die, but the meaning of their words does not. The world of past languages can be understood. The theologian is a translator, allowing the text to speak. Reading is preliminary to kerygmatic speech, and theology moves between the words of scripture and the words of immediate experience. The successful interpretation does not substitute itself for what it interprets, but makes us at home in the words and experience of the text. We learn it not as a mother‐tongue but as a foreign language, and we discover that it is habitable. In introducing us to a universal reality mediated by that particular world, theology reveals us to ourselves, showing us that our continuity with it is stronger than any discontinuity.Theology must have its ‘method’, which is to acquire its own language by way of a detour through another language. Theological arguments are displacements. The speech that speaks the truth about essential things comes to meet us from its housing in particular languages and times. Which does not mean that the text may be re‐written. What we understand in our own language is another language; what is made accessible to our world is another relation to the world.
Regional progressive high‐pressure metamorphism, Seward Peninsula, Alaska
Authors: FORBES R. B. , EVANS B. W. , THURSTON S. P. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
Blueschist‐facies rocks on the Seward Peninsula constitute a structurally coherent terrane measuring at least 100 × 150 km. Radiometric age data indicate that high‐pressure metamorphism probably occurred in Jurassic rather than in Palaeozoic or Precambrian time, as previously suggested. Protolith sediments (Nome Group) are of intracontinental basin or continental margin type, and of lower Palaeozoic and possibly late Precambrian age, thus predating the high pressure metamorphism by more than 200 m.y.Blueschist‐facies mineral assemblages were developed in almost all lithologies of the Nome Group, and are best preserved in FeTi‐rich metabasites (glaucophane + almandine + epidote) and pelites (glaucophane + chloritoid + phengite). A lawsonite–crossite subfacies was developed in possible Nome Group rocks on the east flank of the Darby Mountains. Albite–epidote–amphibolite facies assemblages characterize Nome Group rocks in the southwestern part of the Peninsula. Metamorphism in the central zone of the terrane passed from early lawsonitic to subsequent epidote–almandine–glaucophane schist subfacies with the local development (east of the Nome River) of eclogitic assemblages.The high pressure metamorphic minerals were synkinematic with the development of mesoscopic‐scale intrafolial isoclinal folds and a flattening foliation of consistent orientation. Initiation of uplift probably corresponded to the growth of barroisite rims on earlier sodic and actinolitic amphiboles, and partial post‐kinematic greenschist facies replacements record later stages of decompression. Ophiolites and melange are not associated with the Seward Peninsula blueschists. The high‐pressure metamorphism was caused by tectonic loading of a continental plate by an allochthon of indeterminate origin. The PT conditions of high pressure metamorphism were approximately 9–11 kbar, 400–450°C, thus falling between the PT paths of the Shuksan and Franciscan terranes.
C–O–H–N fluids in quartz segregations from a major ductile shear zone: the Berzosa fault, Spanish Central System
Authors: CASQUET C. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
The Berzosa fault is a major ductile shear zone, the Berzosa Shear Zone (BSZ), which separates the ‘Ollo de Sapo’anticline from the inner higher‐grade crystalline axis of the Iberian Hercynian Belt. This shear zone is the site of abundant early kinematic quartz (± Al‐silicates) segregations, rich in fluid inclusions. Host rocks are medium‐grade staurolite schists and sillimanite gneisses.Fluid inclusions in selected quartz segregations across the Berzosa shear zone have been studied by microthermometric methods as well as, in some instances, by Raman analysis. The recorded fluid inclusion history begins at the end of an intense secondary recrystallization period during late‐peak metamorphic conditions and lasts until late in the uplift history of the zone.Three types of inclusions have been found, which in a time sequence are: CO2± H2O; H2O+salt (B‐type); and, N2+CH4. Three types of B inclusion may be distinguished in turn, depending on whether they were trapped during an earlier dynamic‐recovery phase (B1‐type), formed later as intergranular trails (B2‐type), or were trapped apparently along with N2+CH4 in clusions from a heterogeneous fluid (B3‐type).Considerations from isochores confirm that CO2± H2O inclusions were trapped during late‐peak and high‐T retrograde metamorphic conditions (in the range 650–500°C and 5–2 kbar), whilst N2+CH4 inclusions, along with the B3‐type of inclusions, formed at low‐pressures (<1 kbar) and temperatures (± 300°C). B2‐type inclusions were trapped chronologically between these two in a period in which strong inverse lateral thermal gradients developed in the zone. Inferred P‐T paths for the area are convex to the T‐axis.
High‐temperature cordierite migmatites in the north‐eastern Grenville Province
Authors: PERREAULT S. , MARTIGNOLE J. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
In the northeastern part of the Grenville Province, along the gulf of St Lawrence, cordierite is widespread in the migmatites of Baie Jacques Cartier (BJC) and Baie des Ha! Ha! (BHH). In the BJC area, rafts of mesosome occur in a pervasive network of leucosome consisting of cordierite‐bearing pegmatite. In BHH, however, the mesosome and leucosome are well segregated and locally separated by thin biotite –hornblende melanosomes.Leucosomes in the BJC area record the highest temperatures (oxide thermometry = 900°C), whereas leucosomes of BHH and mesosomes of both areas indicate peak temperatures around 800°C (oxide thermometry; biotite–garnet thermometry with fluorine‐rich biotite). Peak pressures were constrained at 720 MPa using the Ilm‐Sil–Qtz–Grt–Rt (GRAIL) equilibrium.The area is thought to have undergone extensive melting under relatively modest pressures. The highest temperatures recorded in the BJC area are probably related to a pervasive impregnation of this terrane by aluminous granitic melts.Most post‐peak P–T estimates for the mesosomes fall on a nearly isobaric, clockwise, P–T path (0.6 MPa/°C) with the exception of the high‐temperature leucosomes of BJC, which fall about 100°C away from this path; this is additional evidence for the external origin of these leucosomes. The ultimate source of heat that generated the migmatites is thus though to be an underlying plutonic complex (anorthosite?).
Metamorphic evolution of the Central Metamorphic Belt, Klamath Province, California: an inverted metamorphic gradient beneath the Trinity peridotite
Authors: PEACOCK S. M. , NORRIS P. J. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT Metabasalts and metasedimentary rocks of the Devonian Central Metamorphic Belt comprise the lower plate of the east‐dipping Trinity thrust system in the Klamath province. An inverted metamorphic gradient is preserved in the Central Metamorphic Belt; metamorphic conditions decrease from amphibolite facies adjacent to the Trinity thrust, through albite‐epidote amphibolite facies, to upper greenschist facies at the base of the Central Metamorphic Belt. Mineral chemistry, mineral assemblages and limited geothermometry suggest that peak metamorphic conditions decrease structurally downward from 650 ± 50° C at the Trinity thrust to 500 ± 50° C at the base of the Central Metamorphic Belt, under pressures of 5 ± 3 kbar. Synmetamorphic Ab + Qtz veins, up to 1 m thick, increase in abundance towards the Trinity thrust. Infiltration of H2O‐CO2 fluids derived from prograde devolatilization reactions in the Central Metamorphic Belt caused extensive hydration and metasomatism of the Trinity peridotite; the hanging wall block of the Trinity thrust zone.Geological relationships and the preserved inverted metamorphic gradient suggest that the Central Metamorphic Belt formed in an east‐dipping Devonian subduction zone in an oceanic environment. The Central Metamorphic Belt appears to represent a discrete slice of accreted oceanic crust several km thick, rather than progressively accreted material. Metamorphic pressures recorded by the Central Metamorphic Belt are intermediate between the ∼2 kbar pressures recorded in dynamothermal aureoles beneath obducted ophiolites and the 7–10 kbar preserved in subduction‐related inverted metamorphic gradients. The lack of blueschist facies mineral assemblages in the Central Metamorphic Belt may possibly be explained by an anomalously warm geotherm prior to subduction or early shear heating prior to the arrival of wet rocks at depth.
Re‐equilibration of CO2 fluid inclusions at controlled hydrogen fugacities
Authors: VI G. B. MORGAN , CHOU I‐MING , PASTERIS J. D. , OLSEN S. N. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
Natural, pure CO2 inclusions in quartz and olivine (c. Fo90) were exposed to controlled fH2 conditions at T= 718–728°C and Ptotal= 2 kbar; their compositions were monitored (before and after exposures) by microsampling Raman spectroscopy (MRS) and microthermometry. In both minerals exposed at the graphite–methane buffer (fH2= 73 bar), fluid speciations record the diffusion of hydrogen into the inclusions. In quartz, room‐temperature products in euhedral isolated (EI type) inclusions are carbonic phases with molar compositions of c. CO2(60) + CH4(40) plus graphite (Gr) and H2O, whereas anhedral inclusions along secondary fractures (AS type) are Gr‐free and contain H2O plus carbonic phases with compositions in the range c. CO2(60) + CH4(40) to CO2(10) + CH4(90). EI type inclusions in olivine evolved to c. CO2(90–95) + CH4(5–10) without Gr, whereas AS type inclusions have a range of compositions from CO2(90) + CH4(10) ± Gr to CH4(50) + H2(50) ± Gr; neither H2O nor any hydrous species was detected by optical microscopy or MRS in the olivine‐hosted products. Differences in composition between and among the texturally distinct populations of inclusions in both minerals probably arise from variations in initial fluid densities, as all inclusions apparently equilibrated with the ambient fH2. These relations suggest that compositional variability among inclusions in a given natural sample does not require the entrapment of multiple generations of fluids. In addition, the absence of H2O in the olivine‐hosted inclusions would require the extraction of oxygen from the fluids, in which case re‐equilibration mechanisms may be dependent on the composition and structure of the host mineral.Many of the same samples were re‐exposed to identical P–T conditions using Ar as the pressure medium, yielding ambient fH2= 0.06 bar. In most inclusions, the carbonic fluids returned to pure CO2 and graphite persisted in the products. Reversal of the mechanisms from the prior exposure at fH2= 73 bar did not occur in any inclusions but the AS types in olivine, in which minor CO2 was produced at the expense of CH4 and/or graphite. The observed non‐reversibility of previous mechanisms may be attributed to: (1) slower fluid–solid reactions compared to reactions in the homogeneous fluid phase; (2) depressed activities of graphite due to poor ordering; and/or (3) low ambient fO2 at the conditions of the second run.
Juvenile CO2 in enderbites of Tromøy near Arendal, southern Norway: a fluid inclusion and stable isotope study
Authors: KERKHOF A. M. VAN DEN , TOURET J. L. R. , KREULEN R. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACTThe enderbites from Tromøy in the central, granulite facies part of the Proterozoic Bamble sector of southern Norway contain dominantly CO2 and N2 fluid inclusions. CO2 from fluid inclusions in quartz segregations in enderbites was extracted by mechanical (crushing) and thermal decrepitation and the δ13C measured. Measurement was also made on samples washed in 10% HCl, oxidized with CuO at high temperatures, and step‐wise extracted with progressive heating. Results between the different techniques are systematic. The main results show δ13C of ‐4.5±1.5% for crushing and ‐7±2% for thermal decrepitation. δ13C is about constant for CO2 extracted at different temperatures and points to a homogeneous isotopic composition. Due to the presence of carbonate particles and/or induced contaminations for the extraction by thermal decrepitation, the results for the crushing experiments are assumed the most reliable for fluid‐inclusion CO2. Very low values of δ13C have not been found in enderbite samples and δ13C combined with δ18O of the host quartzes (8‐11%) indicates juvenile values. In addition, the fluid inclusions were examined by microthermometry and Raman analysis and host quartz by acoustic emission and cathodoluminescence. CO2 fluid inclusions have varying densities with a frequency maximum of 0.92 g cm‐3 and generally do not concur with trapping densities at granulite conditions. Textures show that CO2 must have been trapped in fluid inclusions in one early event, but transformed to different extents during late isothermal uplift without important fractionation of isotope compositions. The present data support a model of intrusion and crystallization of a CO2‐rich enderbitic magma at granuiite conditions.
Fluid flow patterns and infiltration isograds in melilite marbles from the Bufa del Diente contact metamorphic aureole, north‐east Mexico
Authors: HEINRICH W. , GOTTSCHALK M. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACTIn the inner aureole of the Bufa del Diente alkali syenite (north‐east Mexico), thin calcareous argillite bands horizontally embedded in impure marbles acted as contact‐metamorphic aquifers for hypersaline brines of magmatic origin. Thick‐bedded marbles were largely impervious. From 180 m up to the intrusion contact, argillites were completely decarbonated, resulting in melilite + wollastonite + phlogopite + perovskite‐bearing parageneses. In marbles, this assemblage is confined to a narrow 7‐12‐m‐wide infiltration zone adjacent to the contact. Up to this distance, calcite + wollastonite + diopside + alkali feldspar + titanite was stable, indicating that the fluid evolution in these marbles was internally buffered.Brine infiltration from the metaargillite aquifer into the marbles occurred perpendicular to the marble‐metaargillite boundaries and was confined to a zone 4‐6 cm wide above the boundaries. This is documented by the three reactionsCc + Di = Mel + CO2, (1)Cc + Kfs + Di + H2O = Phl + Wo + CO2, (2)Cc + Ttn = Prv + Wo + CO2, (3)Melilites (Ak32‐45Gh13‐32Sm32‐40 to Ak52‐72Gh0‐1Sm28‐48) occur as rims around diopsides and become continuously thicker towards the metaargillite beds. Fluid inclusion observations suggest that the infiltrating brine was hypersaline (NaCl + KClcq∼ 65 wt%) and that the reactions took place at the water‐rich side of the H2O‐CO2‐salts immiscibility field at about 600d̀ C (2, 3) and 660 to 680d̀ C (1) at P∼ 1200 bar and Xco2∼ 0.02.Mass balance calculations show that the amount of brine infiltrated from the aquifer into the marble was very low and decreased continuously with increasing distance from the boundary. The maximum width of brine infiltration was about 6 cm. This confirms that brine flow was largely parallel to the aquifer, not perpendicular to it. The CO2 produced by the decarbonation reactions probably escaped as an immiscible low‐density H2O‐CO2 fluid of Xco2≤ 0.5 into overlying marble via grain‐edge flow. The metaargillite‐marble boundary acted as a semipermeable membrane 6 cm in thickness keeping back the brine in the aquifer and losing the in‐situ produced low‐density CO2‐rich fluid.
Public Health Nursing Education for Primary Health Care
Authors: Flynn Beverly C. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis article examines several issues relevant to the education of nurses for roles in primary health care. The basic premises of education for community‐based public health practice are put forth. The World Health Organization's seven key principles for primary health care and their cur‐ricular implications for various levels of nursing programs are discussed. Examples are given of nursing education programs in which aspects of primary health care are used; finally, the continuing education needs of nurses are explored.
Unemployment and Health: Issues in a Primary Care Nursing Practice
Authors: Johnson‐Saylor Margaret T. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA group of clinical nurse specialists in primary care examined unemployment through the frameworks of stress/coping and relative deprivation theories. The moderating effect of social support was also considered. The impact of unemployment on health was elicited from unemployed clients and records kept by the nurses providing care. Nursing diagnoses were found to fall into three major categories: subsistence problems, increased psychosocial stress, and lack of necessary health care. Nursing interventions included exploration and constructive mobilization of emotional responses and assistance with problem solving, including support of existing strengths and identification of alternative behaviors and resources. The need for advocacy on behalf of clients emerged as a continuing concern.
Community as Client — A Multivariate Model for Analysis of Community and Aggregate Health Risk
Authors: Rodgers Susan S. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractToday's high‐level technology has produced at least a twofold impact upon the current health‐illness picture. Industrial, occupational, and environmental problems form the bases for many modern diseases, and thus shift the emphasis from a pattern of infection to one of stress and chronicity. Also, biochemical technology, currently dominating the illness industry in both method of analysis and modes of intervention and allocation of resources at the expense of health, is rapidly evolving into obsolescence. The increasing complexity of the structure of disease is no longer based on direct causality, but rather on the interrelationship of economic, social, psychologic, biologic, and ecologic factors.The outcome of community assessment and analysis therefore presents an aggregate risk profile evolving from knowledge of such problems as unrelieved poverty, environmental abuse, inadequate housing, undernutrition and overnutrition, and occupational structure, and the factor of age distribution of a community. Thus risk profiles form the foundations of community health nursing diagnoses. This model is intended as a tool to assist nurses in meeting the challenge confronting us today and in the future to improve health care in collaboration with and independent of the illness industry.
Cultivating Settings for Community Health Nursing Research
Authors: Lancaster Jeanette 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLinkages between community health nurses and voluntary health associations provide rich research opportunities. Developing and nurturing collaborative research requires a significant investment of time and effort from people with diverse interests, backgrounds, and talents. Specifically, successful collaboration requires that each participant demonstrate commitment to the project by making a contribution of time and talent. Open, honest communication and compatibility among team members is essential if research questions and methodology are to be developed and if data are to be collected, analyzed and communicated. Proper credit is important, since people who contribute to a project expect appropriate recognition.Collaborative research between community health nurses and voluntary agencies is certainly not new. Both nurses and the associations benefit since all participants can attain individual and mutually agreed upon goals.
Identifying the Salient Outcomes of Exercise: Application of Marketing Principles to Preventive Health Behavior
Authors: Schmelling Elizabeth C. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis study illustrates an initial step in applying marketing principles to a preventive health behavior‐exercise. Attitudinal correlates of the decision to exercise or not were identified among a sample of 135 university faculty and staff. A correlational design was employed to associate intentions to exercise with subsequent behavior. The conceptual framework was the theory of reasoned action. This model posits that perceived outcomes of and social reinforcers for a behavior that are most highly polarized are salient and probable determinants of the behavior. The study revealed that outcomes of exercise that appeared to be most motivating were not directly related to health concerns but to a desire to look and feel good. Nurses who design intervention strategies aimed at increasing exercise among groups similar to the sample should emphasize the likelihood that exercise will lead to a greater sense of well‐being.
American Nurses on Safari: An Illustration of Coping with Cultural Complexity
Authors: Hutchinson Sally A. , Wilson Holly Skodal 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe authors analyzed qualitative field data collected during a clinical study tour of Kenya. The straight description method of analysis was used. A conceptual framework drawn from anthropology, including notions of world view, holism, culture, cultural relativism, and ethnocentrism, offers a basis for the interpretation of observational and experiential data. The study's significance is its contribution to the growing body of cross‐cultural nursing knowledge requred for a future in which a worldwide prespective will be essential to the solution of health care problems.
Motivation: Vehicle for Public Health Nursing Interventions?
Authors: Cox Cheryl L. , Wachs Joy E. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractClients' motivation to engage in health promotion, health maintenance, and risk‐reduction activities has been of long‐standing concern to public health nurses. While health practices are often attributed to motivation, no measurement of this construct has existed to assist us in either assessing or developing interventions relative to this characteristic. This study reports additional psychometric data on a new multidimensional measurement of motivation and examines selected predictors of the measurement The test‐retest correlation over a two‐week period for the total instrument was 0.86. Age, sex, and educational level accounted for 18 percent of variance in the total construct Age, sex, educational level, and income differentially explained 15,15,9, and 11 percent of the respective ante in the construct's four separate dimensions‐judgment, behavior, competency, and intemaYextemal cue responsiveness. The results provided evidence of the stability of the health selfdeterminism index (HSDI) and supported the significant contributions of four sododemographic tmiables in predicting total and subscale scores. The HSDI may prove to be useful to public health nurses in dent assessment and as a guide for developing specific intewentions at both the individual and aggregate levels.