bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Air travel induced meningitis following vestibular schwannoma (acoustic neuroma) surgery
Authors: Callanan Vincent , O'Connor A. F. Fitzgerald , King T. T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwo cases are presented in which patients flying home shortly after translabyrinthine removal of a vestibular schwannoma (acoustic neuroma) developed acute bacterial meningitis on landing. This complication has not been described before. The incidence and management of CSF leaks after vestibular schwannoma surgery is also discussed.
Blindness due to electrocoagulation following functional endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Abeele D. Vanden , Clemens A. , Tassignon M. J. , van de Heyning P. H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case is presented with irreversible blindness in one eye and restriction of the infratemporal visual field in the other eye, due to electrocoagulation performed for delayed bleeding after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Although blindness due to rhinosurgery is a well-known, but rare complication, a review of the recent literature did not reveal a similar incident. The use of electrocoagulation especially under conditions of poor visualization, that may be the case in post-operative bleeding following (endoscopic) sinus surgery, is strongly discouraged.
Nasal lipomas presenting as part of a syndromic diagnosis
Authors: Hollis L. J. , Bailey C. M. , Albert D. M. , Hosni A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn important part of the initial assessment of children presenting with congenital nasal masses is to exclude an intracranial extension using either magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) imaging.We present three patients with such lesions in which unusual radiological findings were noted as part of the investigations.
Medial meatal fibrosis: current approach
Authors: Magliulo Giuseppe , Ronzoni Roberta , Cristofari Piera 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMedial meatal fibrosis is a rare entity which is linked to inflammatory and traumatic factors. This pathology significantly benefits from surgical management. Criteria for achieving successful results are strict and concern the complete removal of the fibrous tissue and covering of the bony canal with skin graft. The aim of this paper is to present our experience with this rare pathology and to discuss current approaches.
Mucormycosis of the sphenoid sinus in an otherwise healthy patient. Case report and literature review
Authors: Zapico A. Del Valle , Suárez A. Rubio , Encinas P. Mellado , Angulo C. Morales , Pozuelo E. Cabrera 
Published: November 2007

AbstractParanasal and rhinocerebral mucormycosis refers to uncommon opportunistic fungal infections, reported to occur especially in association with diabetic acidosis (the most common), immunosuppressive therapy, malignancy, or other chronic debilitating disorders. However, patients who have no underlying disease have occasionally been affected. According to the literature reviewed, only 13 well-documented cases without any predisposing factor have been previously reported. We describe a unique case of sphenoidal mucormycosis in an otherwise healthy individual, and the first patient to present with headache as the only symptom. We emphasize the importance of a high index of suspicion for early diagnosis and prompt management.
Exophthalmos and facial swelling: a case of limited Churg-Strauss syndrome
Authors: Khan N. A. , Shenoy P. K. , McClymont L. , Palmer T. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a case of vasculitis causing facial swelling and exophthalmos which on clinical and histological grounds is thought to be limited Churg-Strauss syndrome. An excellent response was achieved to high doses of systemic steroids and cyclophosphamide.
Submucosal glands after maxillary sinus surgery. An experimental study in rabbits
Authors: Melgarejo-Moreno Pablo J. , Ribera-Cortada Inmaculada , Hellin-Meseguer Diego 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThirty New Zealand White rabbits underwent unilateral partial or complete removal of maxillary sinus mucosa in order to evaluate submucosal maxillary sinus glands. After three months, specimens were taken for examination from all operated on and control sinuses. Bacteriological cultures, light and electron microscopy were performed. Histopathological findings showed a decrease in the number of serous glands and significant inflammation was present in the sinus in which there was complete surgical removal. Electron microscopy revealed changes in the secretory cells of the serous glands in the regenerated postsurgical mucosa.
Unilateral choanal atresia in siblings – a rare occurrence
Authors: Bhattacharyya Abir K. , Lund Valerie J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe genetic aspects of choanal atresia have not been clearly defined though it is probably a multifactorial trait as in cleft lip and cleft palate. The appearance of the condition in both single and successive generations supports this contention.Choanal atresia can occur as an isolated anomaly, but is more commonly associated with one or more concomitant congenital anomalies. In this report two sisters both in their teens presented with unilateral choanal atresia as an isolated anomaly. Endoscopic trans-nasal repair of choanal atresia was performed in both of them as this offers excellent visualisation and access.
Recurrent frontal sinusitis complicating orbital decompression in Graves' disease
Authors: Lee W. C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn unusual case of recurrent frontal sinusitis with abscess formation secondary to orbital decompression for Graves' disease is described. The infection was refractory to antibiotics treatment, external drainage and the sinus obliteration procedure. Since the sinus outflow was obstructed by prolapsing tissue following excessive removal of the orbital walls, sinus re-aeration by supporting the prolapsed tissue with a silastic sheet and stenting the sinus drainage tract was attempted. This led to a complete resolution of the infection with an excellent long-term result.
Aggressive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: Hartley B. E. J. , Searle A. E. , Breach N. M. , Rhys-Evans P. H. , Henk J. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe describe multiple cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck in five patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). When associated with CLL, cutaneous squamous cell carcinomata behave in a much more aggressive manner than otherwise expected. Four patients developed local recurrence after primary treatment. All five patients developed lymph node metastases containing squamous cell carcinoma. Three of five patients (60 per cent) had multiple primary lesions.Whereas the increased incidence of second cancers in CLL and notably of skin cancers is documented, little has been written to describe the aggressive behaviour of these tumours. It is important, when treating these patients, to be aware of the high tendency towards local recurrence and lymph node metastasis and to consider an aggressive management plan and careful follow-up.
Problems in assessing the audiogram in patients with severe hearing impairment
Authors: Giles M. , Browning G. G. , Gatehouse S. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSevere hearing impairment (SHI) is an impairment of hearing in which the air conduction mean over 0.5–4 kHz in the better hearing ear lies between 70 and 90 dB. Masking of bone and air conduction thresholds is seldom possible with SHI, leading to difficulties in assessing the pure tone audiogram whenever there is a potential air bone gap in either ear.An audiological survey of 83 patients with severe hearing impairment was conducted. In 16 per cent of patients there was no possibility of a material air bone gap in either ear and no difficulty in interpreting the audiogram. In 23 (28 per cent), the audiogram was consistent with, but did not prove the presence of, an air bone gap in the poorer hearing ear. In 25 patients (30 per cent of 108) the better hearing ear could not be determined, and in 22 (27 per cent) a profound sensorineural impairment in the poorer hearing ear could not be excluded. The implications of this for the otologist are discussed.
Experimental study on neurorrhaphy of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in dogs
Authors: Rubio A. , Fernández M. R. , Figols J. , Rama J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe effectiveness of anastomosis of a divided recurrent laryngeal nerve was evaluated in six adult mongrel dogs. Videolaryngoscopy and evoked compound muscle action potentials in the intrinsic laryngeal muscles were performed at six months and the posterior cricoarytenoid muscles and recurrent laryngeal nerves were processed for histomorphometric studies. Recovery of compound muscle action potentials in all re-innervated muscles and histomorphometric findings confirmed a good grade of axonal regeneration. The most significant histomorphometric changes observed were: a reactive hypertrophy of type I fibres in the posterior cricoarytenoid muscles of the re-innervated side, and a high nerve fibre density in the distal stump to the anastomosis. However, incomplete recovery of motion and fasciculated movements of the reinnervated vocal folds were observed. Reduction of effective motor units in the re-innervated muscles might be a factor that cause incomplete restoration of vocal fold movements.
Cowpox infection of the nose
Authors: Lee W. C. , Manjaly G. , Skinner D. W. , O'Neil P. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of cowpox infection presenting as a necrotising cellulitis of the nasal tip and vestibule is reported. Diagnosis was established by identification of the pox virus particles from tissue culture of the nasal biopsy using electronic microscopy and the characteristic lesions on chorio-allantoic membrane produced by the virus. Cowpox of the external nose and transmission of the infection from a dog have not to our knowledge been reported previously.
Invasive candidiasis of a late presentation laryngeal chondroradionecrosis
Authors: Hollis L. J. , Montgomery P. Q. , Hern J. D. , Mahadeva U. , Tolley N. S. 
Published: November 2007

IntroductionLaryngeal chondroradionecrosis is an unusual condition which may present many years after the initial radiotherapy. We present a case of late onset chondroradionecrosis which was complicated by invasive candidiasis of the arytenoid cartilages which had themselves been extruded through the laryngeal mucosa.
Wegener's granulomatosis presenting as a temporal headache
Authors: Makura Z. G. G. , Robson A. K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFormerly a fatal condition, Wegener's granulomatosis is now treated with good results. Clinical morbidity is often due to failure by clinicians to make the diagnosis. Many patients (including our cases reported here) present with atypical symptoms, and only a high index of suspicion will ensure early diagnosis. Classical chest and renal symptoms often indicate late stage disease. We present two cases that underline the limitations of current ‘diagnostic’ immunological tests whilst emphasising the importance of clinical features in diagnosis.Standard treatment with Cytotoxic agents and corticosteroids are effective but carry considerable morbidity. We have followed the current trend of incorporating a less toxic antibiotic agent in the management of this enigmatic condition.
Bacteriology of the adult middle meatus
Authors: Klossek J. M. , Dubreuil L. , Richet H. , Richet B. , Sedallian A. , Beutter P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe aim of this work was to assess the commensal flora in the adult middle meatus. Thus, 139 samples were taken from subjects of both sexes, over 16 years of age, seen in the community or hospitalized for less than 72 hours for non-rhinological conditions. They had had no nasal or sinus conditions in the previous three months. One hundred and thirteen samples contained at least one aerobic or anaerobic bacterium. Fifty-nine samples yielded a single organism in culture. A maximum of five organisms were isolated from a given patient. These results show that the adult middle meatus contains a mixed commensal flora and should prove useful in interpreting endonasal swab cultures during acute and chronic sinus infection.
Rehabilitation of the paralysed face: results of facial nerve surgery
Authors: Saeed Shakeel R. , Ramsden Richard T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe case notes of 34 patients undergoing rehabilitative facial nerve surgery between 1978 and 1994 were retrospectively examined. Thirteen patients underwent facio-hypoglossal transposition with six achieving a facial nerve grade of IV (House-Brackmann scale) at 24 months post-surgery. Twelve patients underwent cable grafting of the facial nerve defect. Of these, 10 achieved a grade III result at 24 months. Nine patients underwent end to end anastomosis of the facial nerve, seven achieving a grade III result at 24 months after the repair. Re-routing of the facial nerve and the use of tissue glue to effect the anastomosis did not have an adverse effect on the outcome. Comparison of rerouted end to end anastomosis with non-re-routed cable grafting showed no difference. Patients presenting pre-operatively with facial weakness and those in whom nerve repair surgery was delayed for more than six months were less likely to have a good result.
Hearing loss in the Saethre-Chotzen syndrome
Authors: Ensink Robbert J. H. , Marres Henri A. M. , Brunner Han G. , Cremers Cor W. R. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA three-generation family with Saethre-Chotzen syndrome and an isolated case are presented. The proband presented with conductive hearing loss. His mother and grandmother showed minor features of the syndrome including conductive hearing loss.Symptoms of the craniosynostosis syndromes can include stapes ankylosis, a fixed ossicular chain in a too small epitympanum, and small or even absent mastoids. The proband was treated with a boneanchored hearing aid (BAHA) instead of reconstructive middle ear surgery. Current literature on the results of ear surgery is reviewed. In general, reconstructive middle ear surgery should only be considered if congenital anomalies of the middle ear are the only presenting symptom. In cases with additional anomalies such as atresia of the ear canal or damage due to chronic ear infections, the outcome of reconstructive surgery to correct the anomalous ossicular chain is unsatisfactory. In such cases the BAHA is probably the best solution.
Isolated laryngeal lymphangioma: a rare cause of airway obstruction in infants
Authors: Papsin B. C. , Evans J. N. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLaryngeal lymphangiomas are uncommon and virtually always represent extension of cervical disease. The exceptionally rare lymphangioma that remains isolated to the larynx has been reported only twice prior to this case.A six-month male infant presented with an undiagnosed mass in the supraglottis which had caused respiratory compromise requiring a tracheostomy. The diagnosis was made histologically and the treatment was begun. Therapy consisted of staged laser resections carried out cautiously to preserve laryngeal competence. After three laser treatments the lesion was controlled and the patient prepared for decannulation. This interesting case is presented with a review of the literature.
Laryngeal Kaposi's sarcoma in patients with AIDS
Authors: Mochloulis George , Irving Richard M. , Grant Henry R. , Miller Robert F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOver a period of 10 years 17 human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected patients with laryngeal Kaposi's sarcoma were seen and treated at University College London Hospitals. All patients had advanced HIV disease. Their presentation was with symptoms of upper airway obstruction in the majority of cases and the diagnosis was made by fibreoptic examination of the larynx. Biopsy was associated with brisk haemorrhage in one patient, who required a temporary tracheostomy, and was not performed in the other 16 cases. The commonest site of laryngeal involvement was the supraglottis in 11 patients, with glottic lesions noted in eight patients: subglottic lesions were seen in only three. Treatment of laryngeal Kaposi's sarcoma was, in general, conservative, five patients received low dose radiotherapy to the larynx and 10 were treated with systemic chemotherapy for disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma. Laryngeal Kaposi's sarcoma did not contribute to patient mortality.
Posterior rhinoscopy revisited
Authors: Shadaba A. , Graham J. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPosterior rhinoscopy remains a valuable yet often difficult examination by conventional means. Fibreoptics, although providing an excellent alternative, may not always be available. We have combined a St. Clair Thomson's mirror with a Lack's metallic tongue depressor for ease of examination and patient cooperation. It is possible to examine the nasopharynx with 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm and 12 mm mirrors. The instrument may be boiled, is sturdy, economical and extremely useful in paediatric practice.
Laparoscopically assisted total laryngopharyngoesophagectomy with gastric transposition
Authors: Montgomery P. , Willson P. D. , Mochloulis G. , Tolley N. S. , Rosin R. D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPharyngolaryngoesophagectmy (PLO) for post-cricoid tumour offers opportunity for cure or reasonable paliation. However, it carries significant morbidity and mortality. We present two patients with post-cricoid carcinomas who underwent laparoscopically-assisted total PLO with gastric transposition without a laparotomy, thoracotomy or thoracoscopy. This technique appears promising for patients with post-cricoid or hypopharyngeal malignancy in reducing operative morbidity, and may represent improvement on conventional open and thoracoscopic techniques in selected patients.
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma presenting as a pharyngeal mass with ball-valve type obstruction of the larynx
Authors: Lee W. C. , Walsh R. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThyroid tumours can compromise the airway by extrinsic compression or invasion of the trachea or larynx and damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve. In this report, the pedunculated extension of a large anaplastic thyroid carcinoma penetrated through the posterior hypopharyngeal wall causing a partial ball-valve type obstruction of the laryngeal inlet on inspiration. This unusual pattern of invasion has not been reported previously.
Adenoma of thyroid gland containing fat (thyrolipoma). Report of a case
Authors: Laforga Juan B. , Vierna Jaime 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThyroid adenomas containing adipose tissue are rare. Only scattered case reports have been recorded. We describe an additional case of an adenolipoma of the thyroid gland, incidentally found in residual gland subsequent to excision of a papillary carcinoma.
A clinical, genetic and audiological study of patients and families with unilateral vestibular schwannomas. II. Audiological findings in 93 patients with unilateral vestibular schwannomas
Authors: Neary W. J. , Newton V. E. , Laoide-Kemp S. N. , Ramsden R. T. , Hillier V. F. , Kan S. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNinety-three patients with histolofically or radiolofically confiemd unilateral vestibular schwannomas were recruited. Audiological testing for retrocochelar pathology was undertaken. Patients' hospital records were examined for previous audiological and radiological results.The audiometric configuration was designated as one of the following normal, sloping, low frequency, peak, through or falt. A sloping sensorneural audiometric configuration was present in 68 pec cent of cases. No significant correlation was found between tumour size and average pure tone threshold 500 HZ to 4000 HZ, optimum discrimination score or interaural differences for wave V. Ninety-one per cent of cases had abnoramalities on auditory evoked potential; 92 per cent of cases showed abnormalities on stapedial reflex testing.The limitations of audiologica testing in the investigation of patients with suspected unilateral vestibular schwannomas are discussed. A protocol for the investigation of such patients is presented.
An unusual foreign body in the larynx: a case report
Authors: Bhat N. A. , Oates J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractInhalation of a foreign body is a serious event. A small proportion of foreign bodies become impacted in the larynx, when urgent recognition is required to prevent disaster. The case of an 18-month-old baby with an impacted artificial finger nail in the larynx is described along with a brief review of the literature
Atypically located submandibular gland diagnosed by Doppler ultrasound
Authors: Carney A. S. , Sharp J. F. , Cozens N. J. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe anatomical location and relationships of the submandibular gland are well-known to most otolaryngologists and gross variations from the norm are rare. We report a case of an atypical submandibular gland located 2 cm below the mandible which presented as a painful neck swelling with non-diagnostic fine needle aspiration cytology. Using Doppler ultrasound the mass was noted to be closely located to the facial artery and vein and following the administration of oral lemon juice, the peak systolic velocity of a small artery within the mass rose from 8.5 cm/s to 16.4 cm/s, confirming the tissue's salivary nature. We review the literature on using Doppler ultrasound in this area of the neck and discuss realistic practical applications of the technique.
Primitive neuroectodermal tumour of the masseter muscle
Authors: Hollis L. J. , Poole S. , Hern J. , Patel K. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMasseter muscle enlargement is one of the differential diagnoses of swelling of the cheek. We discuss a uniquecase of a malignant tumour of the masseter which was found to be a peripheral primitive neuroectodermaltumour (PNET). A review of tumours of the masseter is presented.
Medical examiner variability
Authors: Hinchcliffe R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThere are undoubtedly many factors that contribute to inter-examiner variability relevant to the use of medical practitioners in justiciable matters. One source of variability with regard to claims relating to hearing disorders could well be the training and ‘calibration’ of medical examiners. A tentative analysis of the examination papers and of the declared roles of the specialties that provide these examiners lends support to such a thesis. One solution would be to train special specialists for medicolegal work, as envisaged by Boyarsky for forensic urology (Boyarsky, 1996). At the same time there is the need to change the role-perception of many examiners. There is also the need for medical examiners to express honest, unbiased opinions. There are also problems inherent in the litigation process which does not promote the interactive and adaptive processes between experts that characterise scientific discussions and enquiry.
Effect of drinking water fluoridation on the prevalence of otosclerosis
Authors: Vartiainen Eero , Vartiainen Terttu 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe effect of drinking water fluoridation on the prevalence of clinical otoscierosis was investigated in an area where the natural waters have a very low fluoride content. The methods included a retrospective chart review and a residential history questionnaire. Only subjects born between 1948 and 1962 were included. In this age group, the prevalence of clinical otosclerosis was found to be 0.35 per cent of persons exposed to fluoridated tap water and 0.32 per cent of those consuming fluoride-poor water. It seems that a sodium fluoride intake of 1 to 3 mg daily cannot prevent the development of clinical otosclerosis in a lowfluoride area.