bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuropsychological status of children treated for brain tumors: A critical review and integrative analysis
Authors: Mulhern Raymond K. , Hancock Janet , Fairclough Diane , Kun Larry 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe literature on the neuropsychological status of children with primary brain tumors was reviewed to identify English‐language publications reporting the results of standardized, quantitative measures of patient function. The 22 studies that met these review criteria, representing 544 patients, were evaluated to assess the relationship between traditional risk factors (age at diagnosis, tumor location, radiation therapy, and time since completion of treatment), as well as subsequent intellectual development, academic achievement, psychosocial adjustment, and neuropsychological status. The impact of other potentially salient factors, such as seizures and sensory and motor deficits, was evaluated when possible. Despite inconsistent reporting of demographic and treatment‐related effects across studies which precluded formal meta‐analysis, we were able to confirm the primary importance of radiation therapy volume and age at treatment on IQ. No effects were detected for tumor location. Younger children treated with cranial (whole brain) irradiation showed a 14‐point deficit in IQ as compared with their older counterparts. No significant differences were noted between older children receiving lòcal or cranial irradiation, although both groups had IQ levels 12–14 points lower than those not irradiated. The high‐risk groups identified in this study require increased clinical surveillance. Definitive evaluation of potential risk factors for neuropsychological impairment will depend on more complete reporting of relevant patient characteristics and interinstitutional studies. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nasopharyngeal rhabdomyosarcoma and multiple lentigines syndrome: A case report
Authors: Heney David , Lockwood Liane , Allibone Eleanor B. , Bailey Clifford C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn 8‐year‐old boy with multiple lentigines syndrome presented with a nasopharyngeal rhabdomyosarcoma. The tumour failed to respond to chemotherapy. This is a further association of rhabdomyosarcoma with a congenital syndrome. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetics and epidemiology of Wilms' tumor: The French Wilms' tumor study
Authors: Bonaïti‐Pellié Catherine , Chompret Agnès , Tournade Marie‐France , Hochez Joelle , Moutou Céline , Zucker Jean‐Michel , Steschenko Dominique , Brunat‐Mentigny Maud , Roché Henri , Tron Philippe , Frappaz Didier , Munzer Martine , Bachelot Colette , Dusol Francois , Sommelet‐Olive Danielle , Lemerle Jean 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA complete family history was obtained for 501 patients with Wilms' tumor, treated in departments of pediatric oncology in whole France. The information was collected by self‐questionnaire and/or by interview of parents. The proportion of bilateral cases is 4.6% and there are 12 patients (2.4%) with a positive family history of Wilms' tumor. The affected relatives are most often distant and no first degree relative was affected. Apart from the well‐known associations with aniridia, hemihypertrophy, genitourinary anomalies, Beckwith‐Wiedeemann, and Drash syndromes, there is also a significant excess of congenital heart defects (P = .008) which remains to be explained. Several findings support the bimutational hypothesis such as earlier diagnosis and increased parental age in bilateral cases. No particular anomalies and no increased frequency of childhood cancer were found in patients' relatives. The frequency of Wilms' tumor in relatives was estimated to be less than 0.4% in sibs, 0.06% in unclesand aunts, and 0.04% in first cousins. These figures are very different from those found in retinoblastoma and suggest that the mechanism may be more complex in Wilms' tumor. This conclusion is in agreement with molecular biology studies in tumors and linkage analysis in multiple case families which suggest that more than one locus is involved. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
N‐myc Gene Amplification in Neuroblastoma: A Clinical Approach Using Ultrasound Guided Cutting Needle Biopsies Collected at Diagnosis
Authors: Hedborg Fredrik , Lindgren Per G. , Johansson Irja , Kogner Per , Samuelsson Bengt‐Olof , Bekassy Albert N. , Olsen Leif , Kreuger Anders , Påhlman Sven 
Published: February 2007

AbstractN‐myc gene amplification was studied in a consecutive series of neuroblastomas and ganglioneuromas, representing all of such tumours diagnosed in Sweden over a 4‐year period. Both frozen and formalin fixed specimens were used for Southern blot analysis. Thirty‐seven of 46 neuroblastomas and 7 of 9 ganglioneuromas were analyzed. Seven neuroblastomas and none of the ganglioneuromas showed N‐myc gene amplification. All children with amplified tumours, including three infants, had advanced disease at diagnosis and aggressive course of disease. However, follow‐up time was short for the two cases still alive. The use of an ultrasound guided cutting needle biopsy technique for obtaining the required tissue at diagnosis was evaluated in some cases. This technique appeared to be safe and clinically useful since early prognostic information was obtained. Using an imprint from the needle biopsy, the representativity could be confirmed. Ultrasound guided cutting needle biopsies can thus be used routinely to obtain N‐myc gene amplification data prior to initiation of therapy in neuro‐blastoma. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Causes of death in a paediatric oncology unit
Authors: Al‐Asiri R. H. , Mott Martin G. , Oakhill A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe records of 101 patients (64 males and 37 females) registered at Bristol Children's Hospital who died between January 1986 and December 1989 were reviewed to determine the cause of death. Nineteen patients (19%) died without obtaining remission and 6 (6%) in first remission. Seventy‐six (75%) died after relapse; three during re‐incluction and two in second remission. The causes of death were active disease in 85 patients (84%), active disease and infection (4%), active disease and other factors (4%), infection only (3%), toxic cardiomyopathy (2%), graft versus host disease (2%), and second malignancy (1%). © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phase II trial of ifosfamide/mesna and mitoxantrone in previously treated patients with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma: Cancer and leukemia group B study 8753
Authors: Case Delvyn C. , Santarelli Maria Teresa , Carey Robert W. , Anderson James , Gottlieb Arlan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIfosfamide (2.0 g/m2 intravenously/day × 3) with mesna (400 mg/m2 intravenously q 4 h daily × 3) was combined with mitoxantrone (14 mg/m2 intravenously × 1) and given on a 3 week schedule to patients with previously treated non‐Hodkgin's lymphoma. In 45 eligible/evaluable patients, a 47% response rate (95% confidence interval: 32%, 62%) was achieved of which 25% were complete responses and 22% were partial responses. Median duration of remission was 10 months with 42% of patients in remission at 18 months. Hematologic toxicity (granulocytopenia) was the dose‐limiting toxicity with severe or life‐threatening granulocytopenia in 98% of patients at full protocol doses. Nausea/vomiting was seen in 73% of patients but was usually mild/moderate. Three patients had significant hematuria secondary to ifosfamide. Two patients had severe changes in the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) secondary to mitoxantrone; and one patient had acute neurologic dysfunction secondary to ifosfamide.Ifosfamide/mesna can be safely combined with mitoxantrone at full doses in previously treated patients with non‐Hodkgin's lymphoma. This combination should be considered for other trials in lymphoma. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neuroendocrine carcinoma in a patient with hairy cell leukemia: A case report
Authors: Ballen Karen K. , Canoso Rosa , Seiler Marcel , Neish Andrew , Bauer Kenneth A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSecond malignancies are common in hairy cell leukemia. We report a case of a neuroendocrine carcinoma arising in a patientwho had been diagnosed with hairy cell leukemia 6 years earlier. This case is the first report of these two tumors' occurring together. The pathogenetic basis for the presence of these two uncommon tumors in our patient is discussed. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cutaneous angiosarcoma as a second malignant neoplasm after peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor
Authors: Coffin Cheryl M. , Vietti Teresa J. , Land Vita J. , Kraybill William G. , Dehner Louis P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSecond malignant neoplasms (SMN) in late childhood or young adulthood in individuals who have been successfully treated for an initial malignancy have emerged as a late effect of therapy in survivors of childhood cancer. Although radiation therapy is frequently implicated, chemotherapy with alkylating agents and antimetabolites has also been associated with SMN. Soft tissue sarcomas are among the most frequent primary malignancies complicated by a SMN and account for a majority of nonhematolymphoid SMN. We present the clinical and pathologic findings in a patient who had a peripheral neuroepithelioma (primitive neuroectodermal tumor, PNET) of the soft tissues diagnosed at 17 years of age, was treated with high‐dose irradiation and multidrug chemotherapy, and developed an angiosarcoma 14 years later. This case represents an uncommon combination of mesenchymal malignancies in a young patient with an unusually favorable clinical course following the diagnosis of PNET. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recombinant human granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor in children with chemotherapy‐induced neutropenia
Authors: Saarinen Ulla M. , Hovi Liisa , Riikonen Pekka , Pihkala Jaana , Juvonen Eeva 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty children 1–17 (median, 5.5) years of age received GM‐CSF during chemotherapy‐induced neutropenia at the dose of 5 μg/kg/day, continued until the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) exceeded 500 × 106/liter. Twelve children with solid tumors received GM‐CSF after courses of conventional chemotherapy (VP‐16 + ifosfamide or “6 in 1”). One course followed by GM‐CSF was compared to identical courses without GM‐CSF in the same patients. Eight children with recurrent/poor risk malignancies received GM‐CSF after marrow‐ablative therapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). Their engraftment data were compared to matched historical controls. In both groups GM‐CSF accelerated myeloid recovery, which was preceded by the appearance of immature myeloid elements in bone marrow. The ANC levels of 200, 500, and 1,000 × 106/liter were exceeded 2, 3 (P<0.05), and 6 (P<0.005) days earlier with GM‐CSF in the conventional chemotherapy group, and 6, 10 (P<0.05), and 9 days earlier in the ABMT group, as compared to the controls. All adverse effects observed were mild, including skin rashes, nasal stuffiness, general achiness, nausea, and fever. We conclude that GM‐CSF is well tolerated in children and accelerates myeloid recovery in chemotherapy‐induced neutropenia. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recurrent cerebrovascular accident with L‐asparaginase rechallenge
Authors: Foreman Nicholas K. , Mahmoud Hazem H. , Rivera Gaston K. , Crist William M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report a 15‐year‐old boy diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in 1983. Induction therapy included L‐asparaginase. After the second dose of L‐asparaginase, he had a left sided focal seizure and computed tomography (CT) scan of the head showed a right frontal infarct. No further L‐asparaginase was given. Complete remission was achieved and he successfully completed therapy in 1986. Eight months later he had an isolated bone marrow relapse. Reinduction therapy included L‐asparaginase. After the fourth dose of L‐asparaginase, he presented with severe headache and a CT scan showed a right temporal infarct. Repeat infarction on rechallenge with L‐asparaginase has not been previously reported. Prophylactic therapy, such as fresh frozen plasma, should be considered before patients, with a previous cerebral insult, are rechallenged with L‐asparaginase. However the effectiveness of such therapy has not been established. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Wilms' tumor with transient dermolysis of the newborn: Recurrence of skin lesions during chemotherapy
Authors: Patrizi Annalisa , Pauluzzi Paolo , Vecchi Vico , Mancini Antonia Francesca 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTransient bullous dermolysis of the new‐born consists of congenital skin defects and a tendency for blistering of the skin and mucous membranes during the neonatal period. A case of transient bullous dermolysis of the newborn associated with Wilms' tumor is reported. Transient bullous dermolysis of the newborn does not represent an obstacle to administering appropriate chemotherapy when simple precautions are taken.
Longitudinal study of bone age in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Tamminga Rienk Y. J. , Zweens Marjan , Kamps Willem , Drayer Nick 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBone age was assessed in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) using the Tanner‐Whitehouse II method. X‐rays of the left hand (wrist) were made at diagnosis and annually until 5 years after diagnosis. A total of 164 X‐rays from 40 patients was available. During treatment bone age development as well as height growth was retarded in relation to calendar age. A catch‐up of bone age and height was observed in the 2 years after cessation of treatment. No significant differences could be found between patients with and without cranial irradiation as central nervous system treatment. Therefore cranial irradiation alone is not responsible for the growth retardation of children with ALL; the causative role of cytostatic drug therapy and/or corticosteroids has to be investigated. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Burkitt's lymphoma between African and American types in Turkish children: Clinical, viral (EBV), and molecular studies
Authors: Çavdar Ayhan O. , Gözdaşoǧlu Sevgi , Yavuz Gülsan , Babacan Emel , Ünal Emel , Uluoǧclu Ömer , Yücesan Selçuk , Magrath I. T. , Akar Nejat 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeventy‐two Turkish children with Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) observed during a period of 22 years (1968–1990) have been analysed retrospectively. The diagnosis was established histologically according to WHO criteria. BL represented 50% of NHL in this series. The patients were staged according to Ziegler's system. The median age of patients was 5.5 years with a sex (M/F) ratio of 2.1/1. The most common primary site of tumor involvement was the abdomen (69.4%), which was followed by facial tumors, in particular the jaw and orbit (49.9%). There were 21 cases with jaw (29.1%) and 15 cases with orbital involvement (20.8%) at initial presentation. The majority of the patients (84.4%) were in advanced stages (C and D) at initial diagnosis. Facial tumors observed in Turkish children with BL were more similar to African Burkitt's lymphoma than American or European cases. High titers of antibodies against VCA and EA of EBV were also seen in our recent cases of BL. Two main treatment regimens, namely, single agent chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide (CYX) (1968–1974) and three drug (COM) combination chemotherapy, were used consecutively (1974–1988). COM has been shown to produce better results than single agent therapy. The clinical presentation, mean age, and high antibodies (lgG) to EBV and preliminary molecular studies revealed that BL appears to be in between African and non‐African types in Turkish children. This will be further elucidated by direct examination of tumor cells for EBV and investigation of the molecular characteristics of Turkish tumors. Such studies are presently under way. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Massive hematuria due to extramedullary plasmacytoma invading the bladder
Authors: Shpilberg Ofer , Raviv Gil , Ramon Jacob , Goldwasser Benad , Ben‐Bassat Isaac , Ramot Bracha 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBladder involvement by extramedullary plasmacytoma is a rare condition, A 46‐year‐old woman with known lgA‐λ multiple myeloma who developed this condition is described. The patient suffered from massive hematuria, which led to hypovolemic shock. Prompt supportive treatment by blood transfusions, fulguration of the bleeding mucosa and continuous bladder irrigation stopped the bleeding. Subsequent bladder irradiation lead only to partial response of the tumor. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Increasing values of serum acid phosphatase in a child with Mycoplasma pneumoniae‐associated hemophagocytic histiocytic syndrome
Authors: Abrahamsen Tore G. , Bentsen Beint S. , Brandtzaeg Per 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe a 3 1/2‐year‐old boy with disseminated histiocytic disease probably induced by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. In this patient, acid phosphatase was elevated in serum and was also detected histochemically in the infiltrating histiocytes. The serum acid phosphatase levels increased as his his tiocytosis progressed, apparently mirroring the activity of the disease. This observation suggests that serum acid phosphatase levels should be evaluated further to determine whether they will be a useful indicator of disease in children with different histiocytosis syndromes. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multifocal synchronous osteosarcoma: The Scottish bone tumour registry experience
Authors: Jones Richard David , Reid Robin , Balakrishnan G. , Barrett Ann 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report 3 cases of multifocal synchronous osteosarcoma constituting 1% of osteosarcoma cases in the Scottish Bone Tumour Registry over 30 years. All were children and had a median age of 10 years. They all presented with multiple bony lesions in the absence of demonstrable pulmonary metastases. Treatment was with palliative radiotherapy in two and combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the most recent case. Survival was poor in all cases, with a median of 7 months. A proposal is made for genetic studies in future cases to help elucidate the origin of these tumours. The multicentric and metastatic hypotheses are discussed. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prophylactic cranial irradiation increases the risk of testicular damage in adult males surviving all in childhood
Authors: Siimes Martti A. , Lie Sverre O. , Andersen Ole , Marky Ildiko , Rautonen Jukka , Hertz Henrik 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBy combining three series of Scandinavian patients, we were able to compare the late testicular sequelae in 41 adult males whose therapy had included chemotherapy alone or chemotherapy with cranial irradiation without other radiotherapy for ALL in childhood. In multivariate analysis, cranial irradiation was associated with a decrease of 5.7 (95% confidence limits 1.5–9.9) cm (P= 0.010) in height, and a decrease of 4.8 (0.3–9.2) ml (P= 0.036) in testicle size. Cyclophosphamide was associated with increases of 8.2 (−0.5–16.9) (P= 0.065) and 3.9 (0.3–7.4) U/L (P= 0.036) in serum FSH and LH concentrations, respectively. Of the 12 patients who had received both cranial irradiation and cyclophosphamide therapy, 4 (33%) had delayed pubertal development as compared with 1 (3.5%) of the other 29 patients (P= 0.008). Patients 12–16 years of age at diagnosis had larger testicles (P= 0.051) and higher testosterone concentrations (P= 0.026) than others. Neither sexual activity nor semen findings correlated with the preceding treatment. Our data indicate that prophylactic cranial irradiation may be associated with impaired growth and pubertal development in boys with ALL. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ewing's sarcoma in a child with human immunodeficiency virus (type 1) infection
Authors: Lyall E. G. Hermione , Langdale‐Brown Barbara , Eden Osborn B. , Mok Jacqueline Y. Q. , Croft Nicholas M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA male child with vertically transmitted human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection developed a Ewing's sarcoma of the left fibula at 6.1 years of age. We report the antitumour chemotherapy given and the response of the tumour. Six months after tumour diagnosis the child died of probable HIV encephalopathy. This is the first reported case of Ewing's sarcoma in an HIV‐infected child. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recurrent neuroendocrine (merkel cell) carcinoma of the skin presenting as marrow failure in a man with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Lentz Steven R. , Krewson Laurel , Zutter Mary M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNeuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, Merkel cell carcinoma, is an aggressive malignancy with a high indidence of local recurrence and metastasis. We describe a case of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin with unusual metastatic spread to the bone marrow in a 55‐year‐old man with systemic lupus erythematosus. Following resection of a left temporal subcutaneous nodule and complete left parotidectomy and radical lymph node dissection, the patient presented with pancytopenia. Although focal bony metastatic disease was not identified, his bone marrow was diffusely replaced by metastatic carcinoma. High‐dose chemotherapy allowed a brief remission; however, the patient subsequently died with central nervous system metastases. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Introduction to the genetics of primary renal tumors in children
Authors: Knudson Alfred G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWilms tumor can be explained only partially by the “two hit” model that was originally developed for retinoblastoma. Heterogeneity of two kinds, operates. The first is that four other primary tumors are regularly observed in children, and the second is that Wilms tumor itself appears to represent more than one genetic entity. All five of these primary renal tumors arise from primary or secondary mesenchyme, renal blastema, or renal epithelium. Mesoblastic nephroma, and possibly clear cell sarcoma, may have some genetic affinity with Wilms tumor, but rhabdoid tumor of the kidney and renal carcinoma do not. At least three different genes seem to be important in the origin of Wilms tumor. One, WT1, whose mutations may be associated with aniridia, may follow the “two hit” model in that there are cases in which both copies of the gene are defective or lost, as expected for a tumor suppressor gene. A second gene, which is associated with Beckwith‐Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS) and which has not been cloned, appears to be imprinted in females, and may have an oncogene function. It is evidently activated by gain of a paternal allele or by loss of the inactive, but possibly trans‐sensing, maternal allele. Activation of the insulin‐like growth factor II gene may be a final common pathway for mutation in both WT1 and BWS. A third gene is unlinked to either of the other two, but its location and function are unknown. It shares with WT1 specificity for Wilms tumor, which is not true of the BWS gene. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.