bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“We Take Care of Our Young, No Matter What,” Experiences of Engagement in HIV Care Among Black Mothers Parenting Dependent Children in Southwestern Pennsylvania: A Retrospective Descriptive Qualitative Study
Authors: Mangum Laurenia C. , Aidoo-Frimpong Gloria , Alexander Ivana , Waddell Ashley , Whitfield Darren L. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This retrospective descriptive study sought to explore the lived experiences of Black mothers with HIV navigating HIV medical care while parenting dependent children. Six themes were generated from the semi-structured interviews conducted with mothers (N = 9) related to motherhood, interactions with health care systems and providers, coping, social support, HIV self-management, and HIV prevention. Findings suggested that supportive interpersonal relationships with HIV health care providers, HIV nondisclosure to family and friends, and social network support, inclusive of health care providers, were protective factors in achieving optimal treatment adherence and viral suppression. Findings may inform interventions for improving social support and reducing stigma in HIV care for Black mothers with HIV who are parenting dependent children.
Meta-analysis of clinical outcomes of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy and classical open partial nephrectomy
Authors: Qu Hongchen , Wang Kai , Hu Bin 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) has emerged as a promising alternative to classical partial nephrectomy (CPN).

Aim:
This study aimed to compare the outcomes of RAPN and CPN for treating localized renal tumors through a meta-analysis of available literature.

Methods:
Chinese databases, such as CNKI, Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals Database (VIP), and Wanfang Full-text Database, were searched using Chinese search terms, and all published articles on PubMed and Web of Science were searched using English search terms. Articles on Localized Renal Tumors were included. RevMan5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. The funnel plots were drawn using Stata software to assess publication bias.

Outcomes:
This study aimed to identify the differences between robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy and classic partial nephrectomy in patients with localized renal tumors.

Results:
In total, 67 articles with 17 677 patients were included. The results demonstrate the advantages of RAPN over CPN for localized renal tumors. Compared to CPN and RAPN had significant differences in intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay duration, incidence of perioperative complications, and proportion of patients requiring blood transfusion. Regarding surgical outcomes, RAPN showed more favorable results regarding the incidence of positive resection margins, postoperative decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), postoperative local recurrence rate, and proportion of Trifecta achieved. However, there was no significant difference between RAPN and CPN regarding 5-year tumor-specific survival rates.

Clinical implications:
The study suggests that robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy is a viable alternative to classic surgery for renal tumors.

Strengths and limitations:
The strengths of this study are the use of a comprehensive search strategy and the inclusion of studies published in both English and Chinese. The limitations of this study are the small sample size and the need for long-term follow-up data.

Conclusion:
RAPN and CPN have similar overall survival outcomes for treating localized renal tumors. However, RAPN may offer advantages in terms of perioperative outcomes and preservation of renal function. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to identify the optimal surgical approach for individual patients.
Prognostic significance of circulating tumor DNA in urothelial carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Haoyang , Chen Junru , Huang Yuchen , Zhang Yaowen , Ni Yuchao , Xu Nanwei , Zhao Fengnian , Tang Yanfeng , Liu Haolin , Sun Guangxi , Shen Pengfei , Liu Zhenhua , Huang Jin , Liao Banghua , Zeng Hao 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a noninvasive technique that provides valuable insights into molecular profiles and tumor disease management. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in urothelial carcinoma (UC) through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:
A comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from the inception to December 2023. Studies investigating the prognostic value of ctDNA in UC were included. Hazard ratios (HRs) of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were extracted. Overall meta-analysis and subgroup exploration stratified by metastatic status, ctDNA sampling time, treatment type, and detection method was performed using the R software (version 4.2.2).

Results:
A total of 16 studies with 1725 patients were included. Fourteen studies assessed the association between baseline ctDNA status and patient outcomes. Patients with elevated ctDNA levels exhibited significantly worse DFS (HR=6.26; 95% CI: 3.71–10.58, P<0.001) and OS (HR=4.23; 95% CI: 2.72–6.57, P<0.001) regardless of metastatic status, ctDNA sampling time, treatment type, and detection methods. Six studies evaluated the prognostic value of ctDNA dynamics in UC. Patients who showed a decrease or clearance in ctDNA levels during treatment or observation demonstrated more favorable DFS (HR=0.26, 95% CI: 0.17–0.41, P<0.001) and OS (HR=0.21, 95% CI: 0.11–0.38, P<0.001) compared to those who did not. The association remained consistent across the subgroup analysis based on metastatic status and detection methods. In the immune checkpoint inhibitor-treated setting, both lower baseline ctDNA level and ctDNA decrease during the treatment were significantly associated with more favorable oncologic outcomes. Furthermore, specific gene mutations such as FGFR3 identified in ctDNA also demonstrated predictive value in UC patients.

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis demonstrates a strong association of ctDNA status and its dynamic change with survival outcomes in UC, suggesting substantial clinical utility of ctDNA testing in prognosis prediction and decision making in this setting.
Silent gallbladder stone in kidney transplantation recipients: should it be treated? A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lee Myeong Hwan , Jang Yunyoung , Kang Eunjeong , Kim Yong Chul , Min Sang , Lee Sang Hyub , Cho In Rae , Paik Woo Hyun , Lee Hajeong 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Treatment and follow-up strategies for silent gallbladder stones in patients before kidney transplantation (KT) remain unknown. Therefore, the authors aimed to elucidate the role of pre-KT cholecystectomy in preventing biliary and surgical complications.

Materials and methods:
This study retrospectively analyzed 2295 KT recipients and 3443 patients waiting for KT at a single tertiary center from January 2005 to July 2022. The primary outcomes were the incidences of biliary and postcholecystectomy complications in KT recipients. Firth’s logistic regression model was used to assess the risk factors for biliary complications.

Results:
Overall, 543 patients awaiting KT and 230 KT recipients were found to have biliary stones. Among the KT recipients, 16 (7%) underwent cholecystectomy before KT, while others chose to observe their biliary stones. Pre-KT cholecystectomy patients did not experience any biliary complications, and 20 (9.3%) patients who chose to observe their stones experienced complications. Those who underwent cholecystectomy before KT developed fewer postcholecystectomy complications (6.3%) compared with those who underwent cholecystectomy after KT (38.8%, P=0.042), including reduced occurrences of fatal postoperative complications based on the Clavien–Dindo classification. Multiple stones [odds ratio (OR), 3.09; 95% CI: 1.07–8.90; P=0.036), thickening of the gallbladder wall (OR, 5.39; 95% CI: 1.65–17.63; P=0.005), and gallstones >1 cm in size (OR 5.12, 95% CI: 1.92–13.69, P=0.001) were independent risk factors for biliary complications. Among patients awaiting KT, 23 (4.2%) underwent cholecystectomy during the follow-up, resulting in one postcholecystectomy complication.

Conclusion:
Gallstone-related biliary complications following KT and subsequent cholecystectomy was associated with more serious complications and worse treatment outcomes. Therefore, when KT candidates had risk factor for biliary complications, pre-emptive cholecystectomy for asymptomatic cholecystolithiasis could be considered to reduce further surgical risk.
Older living liver donors can enlarge the donor pool: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: ter Burg Hayo W. , Chorley RN Alicia J. , Polak Wojciech G. , Kranenburg Leonieke W. , Boehnert Markus U. , Minnee Robert C. 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is the best option for end-stage liver disease patients. Older potential donors are increasingly requesting donation. This study aims to systematically assess the differences in donor perioperative and postoperative complications, mortality, and quality of life (QoL) between younger and older living liver donors.

Materials and methods:
Embase, Medline, and Cochrane were searched for studies published between 2002 and 2 June 2023. Donor complications, major complications, biliary complications, mortality, and QoL were systematically reviewed, including meta-analyses. Donors aged >50 years were considered older. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment Scale.

Results:
The search yielded 8320 studies, of which 17 were included. The risk ratio (RR) for complications in younger donors was 1.08 [0.90–1.31] (P=0.41). RRs for major complications in younger donors were 0.98 [0.64, 1.48] and 0.89 [0.50, 1.57] using Clavien–Dindo ≥III and ≥IIIb as major complication. RR for biliary complications in younger donors was 1.59 [1.05–2.42] (P=0.03). Mortality rate in younger donors was 47/13 238 (0.4%) and in older donors 13/989 (1.3%). Physical component summary (PCS) in younger donors was 51.87 and in older donors 51.29. Mental component summary (MCS) in younger donors was 52.93 and in older donors 55.40.

Conclusion:
Older donors do not have a higher complication or mortality rate than younger donors after LDLT. They may have a lower rate of biliary complications. Additionally, older donors have a similar QoL after LDLT. With careful selection, older donors can be included in screening programs for living liver donation to expand the donor pool.
Case Records as Medical Stories: Narrating Medicine in Song-Dynasty China: A Song-dynasty Doctor’s Narration of His own Medicine – Xu Shuwei (1080-1154)
Authors: Goldschmidt Asaf 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
The focus in studying or teaching the history of Chinese medicine is often on the doctrines underlying it and on its perception of the body, physiology, pathology, and its treatment. In other words, we often tend to focus on reading and analysing the classical canons and therapy-related texts including formularies and materia medica collections. However, focusing on these sources provides us with a one-sided presentation of Chinese medicine. These studies only show what physicians wrote in order to pass down their knowledge, either theoretical or practical, to their readership. However, these primary sources lack the clinical down-to-earth know-how that encompasses medical treatment, which are represented, for instance, in the clinical rounds of modern medical schools. In other words, our traditional focus on the medical canons and formularies provides almost no clinical knowledge, leaving us with a one-sided narrative that ignores how medicine and healing are actually practiced in the field.
This paper focuses on the latter aspect of medicine from a historical perspective. Using written and visual sources dating to the Song dynasty, the paper depicts the clinical encounter between doctors and patients including their families based on case records recorded by a physician, members of the patient’s family, and bystanders. This array of case records or case stories will enable us to narrate the interaction between physicians and patients both from the clinical perspective and from the social interaction. Namely, we can use these case narratives to illustrate the process of diagnosis and treatment all while interacting with members of the patient’s family. I will also discuss visual depictions of the medical encounter to provide another perspective for narrating medicine during the Song dynasty. Medical case records and paintings depicting medical encounter are exemplary of the potential of Chinese primary sources for narrative medicine.
Bullying Victimization in Children and Adolescents and Its Impact on Academic Outcomes
Authors: Vadukapuram Ramu , Trivedi Chintan , Desai Saral , Mansuri Zeeshan , Jain Shailesh , Reddy Abhishek 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBullying victimization has been identified as a significant factor influencing academic outcomes. We sought to evaluate the educational outcomes and psychiatric comorbidities in children and adolescents who are victims of bullying using the National Survey of Children's Health dataset for the study. The participants were children and adolescents (age: 6–17 years) categorized into two groups: group 1, not bullied (n= 21,015), and group 2, bullied more than once (n= 21,775). Individuals whose health status was fair or poor have experienced more bullying (2.4%vs. 1.4%,p< 0.001). Individuals in the group 2 were more likely to repeat the grades than the group 1 (7.1%vs. 5.9%,p= 0.039). Individuals who were missing ≥11 school days and sometimes or never engaged in school were observed to be more in the group 2 compared with the group 1 (5.9%vs. 3.2% and 20.3%vs. 10.6%,p< 0.001). In conclusion, bullying victimization could be a risk factor and associated with decreased academic outcomes.
A Rare Case of Abnormal Diffuse Brain Uptake on an 123I MIBG Scan in a Patient With High-Risk Neuroblastoma
Authors: Basavalingu Deepashri , Sadic Murat , Cheeney Safia , Parisi Marguerite T. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

123I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) is extensively used for initial staging and response evaluation in children with neuroblastoma. Physiological uptake of 123I-MIBG occurs in the salivary glands, liver, adrenal gland, myocardium, bowel, and thyroid gland. 123I-MIBG cannot cross an intact blood-brain barrier. We present the rare case of a 3-year-old boy with neuroblastoma and meningeal metastases who underwent an 123I-MIBG scan for disease restaging that showed abnormal brain uptake. Abnormal MIBG uptake in the brain can occur if there is disruption of the blood-brain barrier either secondary to metastases or after damage to blood-brain barrier.
Application of 3-Step Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Acute Difficult Cholecystitis
Authors: Zhang Chun , Guo Dengfang , Lv Guifang , Lin Feng , Wang Qinglin , Lin Jianyuan , Xiao Dexian , Wang Ruotao , Gong Qingquan 
Published: April 2024

Background:
With the aging of the global population, the incidence rate of acute cholecystitis is increasing. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered as the first choice to treat acute cholecystitis. How to effectively avoid serious intraoperative complications such as bile duct and blood vessel injury is still a difficult problem that puzzles surgeons. This paper introduces the application of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a new surgical concept, in acute difficult cholecystitis.

Methods:
This retrospective analysis was carried out from January 2019 to January 2021. A total of 36 patients with acute difficult cholecystitis underwent 3-step laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The general information, clinical features, surgical methods, surgical results, and postoperative complications of the patients were analyzed.

Results:
All patients successfully completed the surgery, one of them was converted to laparotomy, and the other 35 cases were treated with 3-step laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Postoperative bile leakage occurred in 2 cases (5.56%), secondary choledocholithiasis in 1 case (2.78%), and hepatic effusion in 1 case (2.78%). No postoperative bleeding, septal infection, and other complications occurred, and no postoperative colon injury, gastroduodenal injury, liver injury, bile duct injury, vascular injury, and other surgery-related complications occurred. All 36 patients were discharged from hospital after successful recovery. No one died 30 days after surgery, and there was no abnormality in outpatient follow-up for 3 months after surgery.

Conclusions:
Three-step laparoscopic cholecystectomy seems to be safer and more feasible for acute difficult cholecystitis patients. Compared with traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy or partial cholecystectomy, 3-step laparoscopic cholecystectomy has the advantages of safe surgery and less complications, which is worth trying by clinicians.
Cutaneous tuberculosis an unusual localization: A case report
Authors: ZIAD Fatima , Benaissa Elmostafa , Ait sahel Omar , MAAROUFI Abdelkhaleq , Ben lahlou Yassine , Maleb Adil , Chadli Mariama , Elouennass Mostafa 
Published: April 2024

Tuberculosis is a major public health concern. Morocco is a tuberculosis endemic country; nearly 30,000 cases are recorded each year. Pulmonary tuberculosis accounts for 57%, extrapulmonary tuberculosis 43%. Cutaneous localization is exceptional; it accounts for 0.5% to 2% of cases of tuberculosis. It is very difficult to diagnose, given the variability of clinical presentation. We report a rare case of cutaneous tuberculosis in a patient with a history of pulmonary and cutaneous sarcoidosis.
Exploring thermal tolerance across time and space in a tropical bivalve,Pinctada margaritifera
Authors: Lugue K. , Monaco C. J. , Vigouroux E. , Sham Koua M. , Vidal-Dupiol J. , Mitta G. , Le Luyer J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEctotherm’s vulnerability to climate change is predicted to increase with temperature variations. Still, translating laboratory observations of organisms’ heat stress responses to the natural fluctuating environment remains challenging. In this study, we used an integrative framework combining insights from the TDT curves and physiological reaction norms, to precisely capturePinctada margaritiferastage -specific thermal tolerance. On a second hand, this study aimed to explore applicability of the model of accumulation of thermal injury, by making in situ predictions at three contrasting sites across French Polynesia. By working with two life stages (early planktonic vs. spat), our study revealed an ontogenetic shift in lethal (CTmax) and sub-lethal (Tc) thermal limits, with higher vulnerability for early larval stages. Cumulative injury calculations resulted in thermal failure (100% injury) for larvae within 12 and 22 h, at the most ‘extreme’ site (Nuku Hiva; T°C > 38°C), and warm lagoon (Reao Atoll), respectively. While substantial damages accumulated in spats, when exposed to consecutive extreme tides (Nuku Hiva) for 8 days. Overall, our results revealed thatP. margarifierais living closer to their upper thermal limits than previously estimated, and inhabit environments where important reduction of settlement and heat stress are already occurring during warmest months.
Lipopeptide antibiotics disrupt interactions of undecaprenyl phosphate with UptA
Authors: Oluwole Abraham O. , Kalmankar Neha , Guida Michela , Bennett Jack L. , Poce Giovanna , Bolla Jani R. , Robinson Carol V. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe peptidoglycan pathway represents one of the most successful antibacterial targets with the last critical step being the flipping of carrier lipid, undecaprenyl phosphate (C55-P), across the membrane to re-enter the pathway. This translocation of C55-P is facilitated by DedA and DUF368 domain-containing family membrane proteins via unknown mechanisms. Here we employ native mass spectrometry to investigate the interactions of UptA, a member of the DedA family of membrane protein fromBacillus subtilis, with C55-P, membrane phospholipids and cell wall-targeting antibiotics. Our results show that UptA, expressed and purified inE. coli, forms monomer-dimer equilibria, and binds to C55-P in a pH-dependent fashion. Specifically, we show that UptA interacts more favourably with C55-P over shorter-chain analogues and membrane phospholipids. Moreover, we demonstrate that lipopeptide antibiotics, amphomycin and aspartocin D, can directly inhibit UptA function by out-competing the substrate for the protein binding, in addition to their propensity to form complex with free C55-P. Overall, this study shows that UptA-mediated translocation of C55-P is potentially mediated by pH and anionic phospholipids and provides insights for future development of antibiotics targeting carrier lipid recycling.
Population-level whole genome sequencing ofAscochyta rabieiidentifies genomic loci associated with isolate aggressiveness
Authors: Vaghefi Niloofar , Bar Ido , Lawley Jonathan Wanderley , Thanjavur Sambasivam Prabhakaran , Christie Melody , Ford Rebecca 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAscochyta blight caused by the ascomyceteAscochyta rabieiposes a major biotic threat to chickpea (Cicer arietinum) industries worldwide and incurs substantial costs to the Australian multimillion-dollar chickpea industry both in disease control and yield loss. The fungus was introduced to Australia in the 1970s from an unknown source population, and within a few decades, successfully established in all Australian agroecological chickpea growing regions. Although genetically highly clonal, a broad range of phenotypic variation in terms of aggressiveness exists among the AustralianA. rabieiisolates. More recently, highly aggressive isolates capable of causing severe disease symptoms on moderate to highly resistant chickpea cultivars have increased in frequency. To identify genetic loci potentially associated withA. rabieiaggressiveness on Australian chickpea cultivars, we performed deep genome sequencing of 230 isolates collected from a range of agroecological chickpea growing regions between 2013 and 2020. Population genetic analyses using genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism data identified three main clusters of genetically closely related isolates in Australia. Phylogenetic analyses showed that highly aggressive phenotypes developed multiple times independently throughout the phylogeny. Results point to minor contribution of multiple genetic regions and most likely epigenomic variations to aggressiveness ofA. rabieiisolates on Australian chickpea cultivars.IMPACT STATEMENTThis research introduces new knowledge on the AustralianA. rabieipopulation structure, molecular pathogenicity drivers and evolution as a clonal pathogen through comprehensive whole-genome sequencing approach. The knowledge generated on the structure and origin of the AustralianA. rabieiand existence of only one mating type continues to inform researchers, growers, breeders and the broader industry on the importance for continued tight biosecurity measures and inform development of accurate and informed disease management and resistance breeding strategies. This research provides a rare real-life example to the effect of genetic drift on a clonal pathogen population and the importance of biosecurity to protect introduction from non-endemic isolates through seed importation in the current era of international markets.DATA SUMMARYAn online dataset containing the data and code required to reproduce the results found in this publication have been deposited at Zenodo (DOI10.5281/zenodo.12575659). Isolate aggressiveness and collection metadata are available in the Ascochyta dashboard athttp://bit.ly/asco-dashboard. Raw sequencing data used in this study was deposited to the NCBI Short Read Archive (SRA) and is available through BioProjectPRJNA1175002. The authors confirm all supporting data, code and protocols have been provided within the article or through supplementary data files.