bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Yuridis Putusan Hakim Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Narkotika Di Daerah Hukum Pengadilan Negeri Rantau Prapat
Authors: Manurung Andri Rico , Madiasa Ablisar  , Edi Yunara  , Mohammad Ekaputra  
Published: March 2024

Disparitas putusan hakim terhadap tindak pidana narkotika sering terjadi. Oleh karena itu tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis formulasi disparitas pidana di Indonesia, faktor penyebab terjadinya disparitas putusan hakim terhadap pelaku tindak pidana narkotika menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 48 Tahun 2009 tentang Kekuasaan Kehakiman dan Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika, serta menganalisis apa sebenarnya yang dipertimbangkan hakim dalam menjatuhkan pidana terhadap pelaku tindak pidana narkotika dalam Putusan Nomor 599/Pid.Sus/2018;1234/Pid.Sus/2018/PTMdn; 332/K/Pid.Sus/2019; 943/Pid.Sus/2019/PN. Rap; Nomor 841/Pid.Sus/2020/PN.Rap. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian hukum yuridis normatif yaitu mengacu pada norma-norma hukum. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. terdiri atas bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah library research (penelitian kepustakaan). Analisis data adalah kualitatif.. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan formulasi disparitas pidana bahwa Hakim bebas untuk menjatuhkan putusan sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 3 UU Kekuasanaan Kehakiman. Faktor yang menjadi terjadinya disparitas pidana adalah berasal dari internal (dalam diri hakim) dan dari eksternal (luar diri hakim). Pertimbangan hakim dalam memutus perkara adalah pertimbangan yuridis dan non yuridis.
Kata kunci: Disparitas Pidana, Narkotika, Putusan Hakim.
Abstract
The disparity of judges' decisions on narcotics crimes often occurs. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the formulation of criminal disparity in Indonesia, the factors causing the disparity of judges' decisions against narcotics criminals according to Law Number 48 of 2009 concerning Judicial Power and Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics, as well as analyzing what exactly did the judge consider in imposing a sentence against narcotics criminals in Decision Number 599/Pid.Sus/2018; 1234/Pid.Sus/2018/PTMdn; 332/K/Pid.Sus/2019; 943/Pid.Sus/2019/PN. Rap; Number 841/Pid.Sus/2020/PN.Rap. The research method uses a normative juridical legal research method, which refers to legal norms. This research is descriptive analytical. The data used is secondary data. consists of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. The data collection technique is library research (library research). The data analysis is qualitative. The results of the study show the formulation of criminal disparity that judges are free to make decisions as stipulated in Article 3 of the Law on Judicial Power. Factors that cause criminal disparity are internal (within the judge) and external (outside the judge). The judge's considerations in deciding cases are juridical and non-juridical considerations.
Keywords: Criminal Disparity, Judge’s Decision, Narcotics.
Analisis Yuridis Diskresi Kepala Daerah Dalam Penyelenggaraan Pemerintah
Authors: Juanda Syahputra  , Ginting Budiman , Nasution Mirza , Affila  
Published: March 2024

Diskresi merupakan kewenangan yang diberikan oleh undang-undang kepada pejabat publik berdasarkan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 Tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan. Kabupaten Gayo Lues adalah salah satu kabupaten Di Provinsi Aceh yang berpedoman kepada undang-undang tersebut, mengingat bahwa tugas pokok dan fungsi sebagai bupati, Bupati Gayo Lues harus dapat menyelesaikan semua persoalan-persoalan yang dihadapi oleh pemerintah Kab.Gayo Lues, berdasarkan kewenangan dan tanggungjawab yang dimiliki oleh bupati sesuai Undang Undang Administratif Negara Nomor 30 Tahun 2014, Undang Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2006 Tentang Pemerintahan Aceh dan Qanun Aceh Nomor 8 Tahun 2019 tentang Majelis Adat Aceh, berdasarkan Asas – Asas Pemerintahan Umum Yang Baik. Dari hasil penelitian ini maka di peroleh, sejauh apa kewenangan dan batasan Bupati Gayo Lues dalam menggunakan instrumen Hukum Administrasi Negara serta peraturan perundang-undangan terkait, sekaligus mengantisipasi potensi konflik di Lembaga Majelis Adat Aceh Kabupaten Gayo Lues.
Kata kunci: Bupati Gayo Lues, Diskresi, Penyelenggaraan Pemerintah.
Abstract
Discretion is the authority granted by law to public officials based on the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 30 of 2014 concerning Government Administration. Gayo Lues Regency is one of the regencies in Aceh Province that is guided by the law, given that the main tasks and functions as regents, Gayo Lues Regents must be able to solve all the problems faced by the Gayo Lues Regency government, based on the authority and responsibility owned by the regent according to the State Administrative Law Number 30 of 2014, Law Number 11 of 2006 concerning the Government of Aceh and the Aceh Qanun Number 8 of 2019 concerning the Aceh Customary Council, based on the Principles of Good General Governance. From the results of this study, it was obtained, to what extent the authority and limitations of the Regent of Gayo Lues in using State Administrative Law instruments and related laws and regulations, as well as anticipating potential conflicts in the Aceh Traditional Council Institution, Gayo Lues Regency.
Keywords: Discretion, Government Administration, Regent of Gayo Lues.
Pertanggungjawaban Mutlak Korporasi Sebagai Pelaku Pembakaran Hutan Dan Lahan Yang Mengakibatkan Pencemaran Dan/Atau Kerusakanlingkungan Hidup
Authors: Ritonga Joni Sandri , Suhaidi  , Jelly Leviza  , Dedi Harianto  
Published: March 2024

Fenomena kebakaran hutan dan lahan yang terjadi di berbagai wilayah Indonesia beberapa tahun lalu, merupakan fakta hukum bahwa pemberlakuan Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 Tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perkebunan, dan berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan lainnya, tidak sesuai dengan harapan dan aturan yang telah ditentukan. Untuk itulah penelitian ini akan membahas pertanggungjawaban mutlak terhadap korporasi sebagai pelaku karhutla yang mengakibatkan pencemaran dan/atau kerusakan lingkungan hidup. Secara khusus membahas mengenai kriteria pertanggungjawaban mutlak berdasarkan UU Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 dan UU Nomor 11 Tahun 2020. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Kreteria pertanggungjwaban mutlak berdasarkan Pasal 88 UU Nomor 32 tahun 2009 dan Pasal 22 angka (33) UU Nomor 11 Tahun 2020. Pentingnya penerapan pertanggungjawaban mutlak bagi korporasi pelaku karhutla yang mengakibatkan pencemaran dan/atau kerusakan lingkungan hidup, dan terdapat 7 (tujuh) ide yang ditawarkan sebagai solusi penerapan pertanggungjawaban mutlak bagi korporasi pelaku karhutla yang mengakibatkan pencemaran dan/atau kerusakan lingkungan hidup yang menimbulkan ancaman serius.
Kata kunci: Korporasi, Lingkungan Hidup, Pertanggungjawaban Mutlak.
Abstract
The phenomenon of forest and land fires that occurred in various parts of Indonesia several years ago is a legal fact that the enactment of Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management, Law Number 39 of 2014 concerning Plantations, and various laws and regulations others, not in accordance with the expectations and rules that have been determined. For this reason, this study will discuss absolute responsibility for corporations as perpetrators of forest and land fires that result in pollution and/or environmental damage. Specifically discussing the criteria for absolute accountability based on Law Number 32 of 2009 and Law Number 11 of 2020. The results of the analysis show that . The criteria for absolute accountability are based on Article 88 of Law Number 32 of 2009 and Article 22 number (33) of Law Number 11 of 2020. The importance of implementing absolute accountability for corporations that carry out forest and land fires that result in environmental pollution and/or damage, and there are 7 (seven) ideas that offered as a solution to the application of absolute responsibility for corporations that are involved in forest and land fires causing pollution and/or environmental damage that pose a serious threat.
Keywords: Absolute Accountability, Corporate, Environment.
Upaya Perlindungan Hukum Konsumen Terhadap Produk Yang Tidak Memenuhi Kewajiban Standar Nasional Indonesia
Authors: Ciptawan Ciptawan , Ginting Budiman , Sunarmi Sunarmi , Siregar Mahmul 
Published: March 2024

SNI merupakan bentuk nyata keinginan pemerintah dalam memberikan perlindungan kepada konsumen. UU No. 8 tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen tidak menyatakan secara jelas standard dan syarat apa yang harus dipenuhi pelaku usaha, penerapan dan pemberlakuan standar tidak diuraikan secara jelas dan lengkap pengaturannya. Kewajiban SNI secara garis besar diatur dalam UU No. 20 Tahun 2014 Tentang Standardisasi dan Penilaian Kesesuaian, sedangkan Pengaturan lanjutan diterapkan melalui Peraturan Menteri dan Petunjuk Teknis. Pertanggungjawaban pelaku usaha yang tidak memenuhi kewajiban SNI adalah pertanggungjawaban produk (product liability), sehingga pelaku usaha dapat diminta pertanggungjawaban secara perdata dan pidana. UU No. 20 Tahun 2014 tentang Standardisasi dan Penilaian Kesesuaian tidak mengatur perihal pertanggungjawaban perdata pelaku usaha. Upaya hukum penyelesaian sengketa dengan pelaku usaha sebagai akibat kerugian yang ditimbulkan oleh produk yang tidak memenuhi kewajiban SNI dapat diajukan melalui Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Nasional (BPSK) atau diajukan langsung kepada peradilan umum berdasarkan pilihan sukarela para pihak yang bersengketa. UU No. 9 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen mengatur perihal penyelesaian sengketa, tetapi UU No. 20 Tahun 2014 Tentang Standardisasi dan Penilaian Kesesuaian tidak mengatur perihal tersebut.
Kata kunci: Konsumen, Perlindungan Hukum, Tanggung Jawab Hukum, SNI.
Abstract
Indonesian Compulsory Standard (SNI) is the government action to give protection to consumers. Law No. 8 Year 1999 concerning Consumer Protection does not clearly mention what kind of standard and requirement should be fulfilled by business practitioners, the implementation of standard are not clearly explained, as well with its arrangementCompulsory standards are highlighted under Law No. 20 Year 2014 concerning Standardization and Conformity Assessment, for the further arrangement is implemented under Ministry Regulations and Technical Instructions. Products that do not fulfil compulsory standards can be exposed with product liability, and therefore business practitioners must bear the criminal and the civil liability. The attempt of dispute settlement with the business practitioners as a result of loss caused by products that do not fulfil compulsory standard can be advised through National Dispute Settlement Body or directly to the tribunal court based on voluntarily choices by the conflicted parties. Law No 9 Year 1999 about Consumer Protection regulate the issues of dispute settlement, but Law No. 20 Year 2014 concerning Standardization and Conformity Assessment does not regulate such issues.
Keywords: Consumer, Legal Responsibility, Legal Protection, SNI.
Implementation of the MLC Convention in Albania and its Role in Seafarer’s Standards
Authors: Metalla Osman , Golgota Alma , LaGatta Umberto , Ndokaj Eduard , Pupa Shpëtim 
Published: March 2024

The Maritime Labor Convention (MLC) is an international labor standard adopted by the International Labor Organization (ILO) in 2006 [1] . The MLC was designed to ensure that seafarers receive decent working conditions on board ships, without any difference regardless their nationality. The convention sets out minimum requirements to be met by authorities, shipping companies, for seafarer’s employment rights, working conditions, and social protection. Convention, 2006, as amended (MLC 2006) on 28 Oct [2]ober 2016, and the convention entered into force in Albania on 28 October 2017. The amendments of the Code of the Convention approved by the International Labor Conference (ILC) in 2018 entered into force in Albania on 26 December 2020. The aim of this paper is to examine the implementation of MLC requirements and its impact in Albanian maritime industry, and to identify the needed steps to be undertaken by Albanian maritime authorities to fully comply with MLC requirements.

Received: 23 February 2024 / Accepted: 18 March 2024 / Published: 23 March 2024
Challenges of Social Workers in the Multidisciplinary Team in the Penitentiary System
Authors: Lleshi Sara 
Published: March 2024

Today, social workers are found in many communities and institutional environments, including social service agencies, child care agencies, schools, hospitals, mental health programs, substance abusers, courts, prisons worldwide. Regardless of where they practice, to be effective social work practitioners, they share some unique professional needs. Today, the ability to assist and empower clients struggling with various issues, involved in legal matters, injustices, and on the brink of legal protection, is required. Social workers are required to be able to collaborate with professionals and other parties interested in helping the client navigate through a variety of financial, psychological, emotional, and legal concerns. This study addresses the importance of the practical development field of a forensic social worker, a field that is usually neglected and misunderstood. The study focuses on preliminary work on this field by showing a broader view of forensic social work which includes the knowledge and skills necessary to practice effectively in the socio-legal environment. "Forensic social worker" encompasses not only a narrow group of victims or abusers involved in juvenile justice and criminal justice but also individuals with mental health issues and programs affected by the police and state laws. Interdisciplinary practice and legal knowledge are essential for social workers to ensure that clients are provided with effective service. The inclusion of legal rules is rarely addressed in social work in a meaningful and practical way. This study provides practical knowledge in the collaborative work of forensic social workers.

Received: 13 February 2024 / Accepted: 19 March 2024 / Published: 23 March 2024
The Impact of User Awareness on Online Behavior Advertising Acceptance
Authors: Hasrama Erjonilda 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: Online Behavior and Data-Driven Advertising (OBA) have emerged as an influential tool in product and service promotion. The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of consumer awareness in decision-making, regarding data-driven advertising in the Albanian context. The research aims to address the digital literacy gap in Albania and its impact on OBA acceptance. Research design, data, and methodology: Employing a web-based survey, the study objective was to capture consumers perspectives and knowledge regarding online behavior in general and OBA in particular (N=171). Results: Research findings underscore the importance of OBA awareness and its impact in shaping acceptance or avoidance of OBA that is manifested through the click intentions of the targeted advertising. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the importance of awareness and knowledge, highlighting the link between consumer empowerment and understanding personalization strategies. The study contributes to both theoretical understanding and practical applications, setting the way for informed strategies in Albania's digital landscape.

Received: 24 February 2024 / Accepted: 17 March 2024 / Published: 23 March 2024
Fetal and Maternal Health Implications by Pregnancy Trimesters in Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Prifti Migena 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Gestational diabetes (GD) is defined as intolerance to glucose or the presence of high levels of glycemia during pregnancy. Its incidence in Europe reaches 3-5% of all pregnancies, but in some Mediterranean countries it goes up to 7%. 1,2(This includes our country). GD usually disappears after birth.3 Its importance is not only important as a pathology of women's health but also because of the risk factors that lead to the development of the fetus. Occasionally new research and studies on the correlates of diabetes in pregnancy, glycemic values that affect maternal or fetal health, or changes in baseline parameters depending on external and internal factors affecting pregnancy. An indication of the latter is the prediabetes group or IGM. Our aim: To study intrauterine complications or fetal consequences by trimesters in diabetic pregnant women attending Regional Hospital Durres. Maternal health close observation of GD complications. Methodology: Following the primary processing of patient data, individuals at risk were separated, and categorized according to trimester of pregnancy. The data were worked out on crostabulary statistical tables, where a selected number of participants with prediabetes or gestational diabetes were associated with a risk factor to analyze the correlational correlation in our population. Results. Reported to the gynecology services, for first-trimester pathology, 1954 women, of which 1176 have had one of the diagnoses: missed abortion, blighest ovum or recurrent abortion. Reported to the Pathology Pregnancy Pathology Service about 3268 of which were monitored and resulted based in examinations in 163 cases with prediabetes and diabetes in pregnancy. We have grouped and extracted the results based on correlations of baseline glycemic index to diagnose DG and the onset of complications in the fetus and in pregnancy.

Received: 19 February 2024 / Accepted: 15 March 2024 / Published: 23 March 2024
A Sociological View on The Impacts of Minority Rights in EU and Migration
Authors: Likaj Matilda 
Published: March 2024

After the fall of communism in Albania, migration destinations occurred toward neighbouring states such as Italy, Greece, European countries (Germany, Switzerland, England, Belgium, etc) and also all over the world (US, Canada Australia, etc.). The flow of Albanian migration was expended in a huge amount from different social classes to other states. Because of different social, cultural, economic and political reasons, the migration flow can be identified as a complex migration phenomenon. Consequently, for these reasons, sometimes the Albanian migrants have been discriminated against. This research paper is going to be focused on the Albanian migrants and their minorities’ rights in European states. Another aspect of this paper will be focused on the problem of the well of functions of minority rights causing the anomies to the social and personal identities of migrants.

Received: 19 February 2024 / Accepted: 15 March 2024 / Published: 23 March 2024
Influence of Facial Profiles, Posture and Balance
Authors: Sokoli Veizaj Selda , Kalaja Rezarta , Lako Zotaj Aida , Myrtaj Ledjona 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Participants in our study were evaluated according to photography in the sagittal plane to determine facial profile. The aim of our study is to evaluate the facial profile and identify the correlation with posture and balance in static and dynamic. Methods: This is a pilot study developed from December 2021. It took place in the Physiotherapy laboratory at Aleksandër Moisiu University, Durrës. With participants (N = 7), the tests applied in the study was the Romberg test, the Tandem test. Results: In our study dominates orthognathic profile 57.3%, then we have the Retrognatic profile. Regardless of the face profile patients have the lowest scoring on the dynamic test compared to the static test. The orthognathic profile is characterized by a better static and dynamic balance. Conclusions: We note conection between the facial profile and the balance of the participants. The orthognathic profile is considered the profile with the best balance in static and dynamic.

Received: 15 February 2024 / Accepted: 20 March 2024 / Published: 23 March 2024
A Comprehensive Analysis of Engineering Competencies for IoT in Green Transformation within the Western Balkans Economy: A Case Study from UAMD University
Authors: Zeneli Manjola , Ibro Marsida , Çerma Uendi 
Published: March 2024

The need and sensitivity in the energy sector has raised the sensibility of the education and industry sectors to accelerate the inclusion and perception of all the technologies that effect in the enrichment of the capacity buildings related to internet of things and green transition technologies. Considering the fact that Albania is at the basic phases is very important to orchestrate two parallel lines in this highway. The first one is the education area in order to instill is the best way the concepts of these modern technologies at the students in order to have future generations with the proper knowledge by integrating in the curricula new courses on IoT and green transformation. About the second on facilitation of the implementations rules of these technologies in industry by the support of national and European Union projects and regulations would be of great interest because will offer to the students a suitable environment for hand-on practice cases. Analyzing the findings based on the methodology of a survey it is highlighted on all categories of the question the gap that exists in Albanian education system on IoT and green transformation fundamental concepts and also they eagerness and readiness of academic staff and students to welcome every possibility that they encounter to feel more confident in these new technologies.

Received: 19 February 2024 / Accepted: 15 March 2024 / Published: 23 March 2024
Some Propositions About Inverse Semigroups
Authors: Hysa Osman , Reka Arben 
Published: March 2024

Inverse semigroups are an important subclass of the class of semigroups. An important role in the properties of the semigroups in general and in the class of inverse semigroups in particular is played by the set of their idempotents, which we denote by E or ES for a semigroup S. In the first part of this paper we will show some propositions about left unitary, right unitary, unitary subsets and closed subsets in the inverse semigroups. We will also see some properties of the maximum idempotent - separating congruence in an inverse semigroup S and its connection with Clifford’s semigroups.

Received: 19 February 2024 / Accepted: 15 March 2024 / Published: 23 March 2024
Digitalization of Alumni in Albanian Higher Educational Institutions for a Better Career and Success of Students
Authors: Rista Amarildo , Mukli Lindita , Xhaferra Edmira , Tata Elton 
Published: March 2024

Alumni is a vital sector in higher education institutions (HEI) that follows the professional progress of graduate students. It enables university-business connections by promoting and orienting students in the labor market. Today, the digitization of the Alumni sector offers fast and effective solutions for managing the progress of graduate students. Through the application of the Alumni Information System (AIS), many digitized services are offered for Alumni staff, students and businesses on a single platform. The AIS system is a tool that provides a digital database for graduate students, online platforms for database management, and software to interact with employment companies. This article will focus on the study of the digitization of the Alumni sector in HEIs in Albania and the role of AIS in improving the success of graduate students and their career development. In addition, we will propose an AIS model that can be applied to these institutions and beyond. This paper makes a noble contribution to the digitization of the Alumni sector and in particular in HEIs in Albania as an important step towards improving the success of graduate students and their career development.

Received: 19 February 2024 / Accepted: 15 March 2024 / Published: 23 March 2024