bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of the removable thin film coating technique as an alternative to traditional decontamination methods to mitigate and abate hazardous particulates
Authors: Lumia Margaret , Gentile Charles A. , Efthimion Philip , Robson Mark Gregory 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThis article summarizes a study that evaluated a new decontamination technique for the mitigation and abatement of hazardous dust and particulates. Traditional decontamination methods are time‐consuming, expensive, can create airborne hazards, and do not always bring the concentration of the contaminant to acceptable levels. The use of the removable thin film coating will increase efficiency, will not generate airborne hazards, will decrease costs, and, with one application, will bring the hazardous dust concentrations to acceptable levels. Qualitative tests demonstrated that the removable thin film coating reduced the amount of visible luminescent dust (a surrogate for hazardous dust) from various surfaces. It also indicated that wherever there were minute scratches, the coating did not remove all of the dust. However, the qualitative tests showed that this decontamination method worked well as a preventative method, protecting clean areas from becoming contaminated when exposed to the luminescent dust. Further investigation was conducted using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and carbon dust. Overall, the SEM experiment demonstrated that there was a statistically significant (p = 0.00007) removal of carbon dust (less than 10 μm in size) from surfaces with crevasses larger than 3 μm. The SEM also revealed that there were some limitations where there were large clusters of carbon dust; in these instances, the coating would tear and remain on the sample surface. One method to resolve this limitation involved adding KevlarTM fibers to the removable thin film coating. It was thought that this would increase the strength of the coating and eliminate the coating from tearing when removing large clusters of a contaminant. Unfortunately, this did not alleviate the issue. The use of an engineered textile, saturated with the coating, appeared to eliminate the problem with the coating not being able to remove the contaminant from the minute surface scratches and improved the removal process of the coating. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Controlling the False Discovery Rate for Feature Selection in High‐resolution NMR Spectra
Authors: Kim Seoung Bum , Chen Victoria C. P. , Park Youngja , Ziegler Thomas R. , Jones Dean P. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractSuccessful implementation of feature selection in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra not only improves classification ability, but also simplifies the entire modeling process and, thus, reduces computational and analytical efforts. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) have been widely used for feature selection in NMR spectra. However, extracting meaningful metabolite features from the reduced dimensions obtained through PCA or PLS is complicated because these reduced dimensions are linear combinations of a large number of the original features. In this paper, we propose a multiple testing procedure controlling false discovery rate (FDR) as an efficient method for feature selection in NMR spectra. The procedure clearly compensates for the limitation of PCA and PLS and identifies individual metabolite features necessary for classification. In addition, we present orthogonal signal correction to improve classification and visualization by removing unnecessary variations in NMR spectra. Our experimental results with real NMR spectra showed that classification models constructed with the features selected by our proposed procedure yielded smaller misclassification rates than those with all features. Copyright © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company Statistical Analy Data Mining 1: 000‐000, 2008
Optimal switching boundary control of a string to rest in finite time
Authors: Gugat M. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn many control application, switching between different control devices occurs. Here the problem to control a finite string to the zero state in finite time by controlling the state at the two boundary points is considered, where at each moment in time one of the boundary controls must be switched off, that is its control value must be equal to zero. The corresponding optimal control problem where the objective function is the L2 norm of the controls is solved explicitly in the sense that controls that are successful and minimize at the same time the objective function are determined as functions of the initial state. Due to the complementarity condition that appears in the optimal control problem, it is non‐convex and the optimal control is in general not uniquely determined. To allow for technical constraints it is important to avoid an accumulation of switching points at so‐called Zeno‐points. We give examples that illustrate how switching regimes of practical value can be obtained.
Injury Patterns from Major Urban Terrorist Bombings in Trains: The Madrid Experience
Authors: Turégano‐Fuentes Fernando , Caba‐Doussoux P. , Jover‐Navalón J. M. , Martín‐Pérez E. , Fernández‐Luengas D. , Díez‐Valladares L. , Pérez‐Díaz D. , Yuste‐García P. , Guadalajara Labajo H. , Ríos‐Blanco R. , Hernando‐Trancho F. , García‐Moreno Nisa F. , Sanz‐Sánchez M. , García‐Fuentes C. , Martínez‐Virto A. , León‐Baltasar J. L. , Vazquez‐Estévez J. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBackgroundTerrorist urban mass casualty incidents (MCI) in the last 3 years have targeted commuter trains at rush hour, producing large numbers of casualties. Civilian care providers are usually not familiar with the types of blast injuries sustained by victims of these MCI.MethodsWe focus on the injury patterns sustained by casualties of the Madrid, 11 March 2004, terrorist bombings, at the seven hospitals that received most victims. Data were gathered of casualties who had injuries other than superficial bruises, transient hearing loss from barotrauma without eardrum perforation, and/or emotional shock. The degree of severity in critical patients was assessed with the ISS.ResultsThe bombings resulted in 177 immediate fatalities, 9 early deaths, and 5 late deaths. Most survivors had noncritical injuries, but 72 (14%) of 512 casualties assessed had an Injury Severity Score (ISS) >15. The critical mortality rate was of 19.5%. The most frequently injured body regions were the head‐neck and face. Almost 50% of casualties had ear‐drum perforation, and 60% of them were bilateral. There were 43 documented cases of blast lung injury, with a survival rate of 88.3%. Maxillofacial and open long‐bone fractures were most prevalent. Gustillo’s grade III of severity predominated in tibia‐fibular and humeral fractures. Upper thoracic fractures (D1–6 segment) represented 65% of all vertebral fractures and were associated with severe blast to the torso. Severe burns were uncommon. Eye injuries were frequent, although most were of a mild‐to‐moderate severity. Abdominal visceral lesions were present in 25 (5%) patients. A multidisciplinary approach was necessary in most operated patients, and orthopedic trauma procedures accounted for 50% of the caseload in the first 24 h.ConclusionsNinety‐three percent of the fatalities of the Madrid trains terrorist bombings were immediate, and most survivors had noncritical injuries. Closed doors increased the immediate fatality rate in the trains. Severely wounded casualties presented specific patterns of injuries, some of them life‐threatening and unusual in other types of trauma mechanisms. Ear‐lobe amputations and upper thoracic spine fractures were markers of critical injuries.
Effect of Substitution of High Stearic Low Linolenic Acid Soybean Oil for Hydrogenated Soybean Oil on Fatty Acid Intake
Authors: DiRienzo Maureen A. , Lemke Shawna L. , Petersen Barbara J. , Smith Kim M. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractHigh stearic, low α‐linolenic acid soybean oil (HSLL) has been developed via traditional breeding to serve as a substitute for partially hydrogenated soybean oils used in food manufacturing. The purpose of this study was to estimate the impact on fatty acid intake in the United States if HSLL were substituted for partially hydrogenated soybean oils used in several food categories, including baked goods, shortenings, fried foods, and margarines. Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (1999–2002), baseline intakes of five fatty acids and trans fatty acids (TFA) were determined at the mean and 90th percentile of fat consumption. Then intakes of these fatty acids were determined after HSLL was substituted for 100% of the partially hydrogenated soybean oils used in these four food categories. The results show that baseline intake of stearic acid is 3.0% energy at the mean and 3.3% energy at the 90th percentile. Use of HSLL could increase stearic acid intake to about 4–5% energy. Mean intakes of TFA could decrease from 2.5 to 0.9% energy, and intake of palmitic acid would remain unchanged. Use of HSLL as a substitute for partially hydrogenated soybean oils would result in changes in the fatty acid composition of the US diet consistent with current dietary recommendations.
Investigation on the Esterification of Fatty Acids Catalyzed by the H3PW12O40 heteropolyacid
Authors: Cardoso Abiney L. , Augusti Rodinei , Da Silva Márcio J. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn this work, the H3PW12O40 heteropolyacid (HPW) was employed as a homogeneous catalyst to promote the efficient esterification (ethanolysis) of a number of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic) under mild reaction conditions. HPW showed a similar activity to those observed for p‐toluene sulfonic acid (PTSA) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4), the other acidic catalysts we compared them with in this study. In the HPW‐catalyzed esterification of stearic acid, the addition of water caused a remarkable decrease in the ethyl stearate yields. On the other hand, the increase in the HPW concentration (up to a maximum value) promoted a proportional improvement in the oleic acid to ethyl oleate conversion. Kinetic measurements using oleic acid as a prototype substrate revealed that the esterification reactions catalyzed by HPW, H2SO4, and PTSA are of first‐order in relation to the fatty acid concentration. Finally, the catalytic activity of HPW remained unaltered even after several recovery/reutilization cycles whereas the tungsten content in the final product (biodiesel produced by the HPW‐catalyzed esterification of oleic acid) was found to be at an acceptably low level (0.0095 mg of W per g of biodiesel).
Killing graphs with prescribed mean curvature and Riemannian submersions
Authors: Dajczer M. , de Lira J.H. 
Published: March 2008

It is proved the existence and uniqueness of graphs with prescribed mean curvature in Riemannian submersions fibered by flow lines of a vertical Killing vector field.

Résumé
On démontre l'existence et unicité de graphes avec courbure moyenne prescrite dans les submersions fibrées par les solutions d'un champ de vecteurs de Killing vertical.
A smoothing property for the \( L^{2} \)-critical NLS equations and an application to blowup theory
Authors: Keraani Sahbi , Vargas Ana 
Published: March 2008

In this paper we prove a smoothing property for the

L^{2}

-critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation and we use it to study the blowup dynamics for singular solutions below the energy level.

Résumé

Dans cet article, on montre un effet régularisant pour l'équation de Schrödinger

L^{2}

-critique et on utilise ce résulat pour étudier la dynamique d'explosion pour les solutions singulières ayant des données initiales peu régulières.
Nutrient intake and serum cytokine pattern in elderly people with heart failure
Authors: Catapano Girolamo , Pedone Claudio , Nunziata Eleonora , Zizzo Alessandro , Passantino Andrea , Incalzi Raffaele Antonelli 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBackground:Heart failure (HF) is frequently complicated by malnutrition. We estimated nutrient intake in HF patients and evaluated the correlation between serum cytokines and dietary pattern.Methods:We studied 124 elderly (≥ 60 years) patients with severe HF (N = 62) or without HF (controls, N = 62), matched for age and sex. Nutritional data were obtained from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) questionnaire. We compared the intake of macro‐ and micronutrients in the two groups; in the HF group nutritional intake was correlated with serum cytokines.Results:HF patients had a lower energy intake (26.8 Kcal/Kg of ideal weight vs. 37.3 Kcal /Kg ideal weight in controls, P < 0.001) due to a lower intake of all macronutrients. The energy intake was lower than the recommended (30 Kcal/Kg of ideal body weight) in 72% of HF and 34% of the controls. The intake of several minerals and vitamins was inferior to the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) in most participants. Those HF patients with a caloric intake below the median (22.6 Kcal/Kg ideal weight) did not differ substantially from those with higher caloric intake with regard to age, functional characteristics, and lean body mass as expressed by the mid‐arm muscle circumference, however, they had a higher concentration of IL4 (61.5 pg/ml vs. 37.7 pg/ml, P = 0.075) and of IL10 (6.32 pg/ml vs. 2.06 pg/ml, P = 0.046).Conclusions:Nutritional intake is frequently inadequate in patients with severe HF. Our results suggest that some interleukins might affect caloric intake in patients with HF.
Nonsurgical therapies for lymphangiomas: A systematic review
Authors: Acevedo Jason L. , Shah Rahul K. , Brietzke Scott E. 
Published: March 2008

ObjectiveSystematically review the published literature regarding the efficacy of nonsurgical therapies in the treatment of head and neck (H&N) lymphatic malformations (LM) in children.Data SourceMEDLINE.Review MethodsMEDLINE was searched for literature relating to nonsurgical treatments for H&N LM.ResultsThe initial search returned 1876 articles, with 22 meeting criteria. The majority (20) were case series. All therapies were percutaneous, with OK‐432 or bleomycin sclerotherapy being most common. Random‐effects modeling revealed 43% (CI = 28.9%‐57%) of patients undergoing OK‐432 for LM achieved a complete/excellent response, 23.5% (CI = 5.8%‐41.3%) achieved a good response, 16.9% (CI = 10.3%‐23.4%) achieved a fair/poor response, and 15.4% (CI = 8.6%‐22.2%) observed no response. In the bleomycin group, the results were: 35.2% (CI = 15.7%‐54.6%) excellent, 37.1% (CI = 22%‐52.3%) good, 18.4% (CI = 2.7%‐34.2%) fair/poor, and 11.6% (CI = 3.5%‐19.6%) no response. Seven major complications were noted out of the 289 patients in the series, including two mortalities.ConclusionsThe literature indicates that sclerotherapy for H&N LM achieves excellent/good clinical response in a majority of patients, with few complications, and anecdotally does not complicate future surgery.
Analysis of results in early versus late midface fracture repair
Authors: Janus Seth C. , MacLeod Stephen P.R. , Odland Rick 
Published: March 2008

ObjectiveTo evaluate the complication rate in relation to the timing of surgical repair of midface fractures.Study Design and SubjectsRetrospective chart review at a level 1 trauma center.ResultsThirty‐four patients were evaluated. Overall complication rate was 23.5% with no significant difference between the early repair (21.1%) and late repair (26.7%) groups. The scope of facial fracture repair was similar between the two groups as measured by the number of screws used and through an injury quantifying system. The only variable that tended toward significance was intraoperative blood loss, which was greater in the early repair group (P = 0.06).ConclusionsThere is no clear consensus with respect to timing of midface trauma repair. Early repair may result in greater blood loss. Further study is needed to help establish a more precise recommendation for the timing of midface trauma repair.
Manually provided temporary maxillomandibular fixation in the treatment of selected mandibular fractures
Authors: Vural Emre , Ragland James , Key J. Michael 
Published: March 2008

ObjectiveTo report the occlusal outcomes of manually provided temporary intraoperative maxillomandibular fixation (MMMF) for the open repair of selected mandibular fractures.Study Design/Subjects and MethodsA retrospective chart review of the patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation of mandibular fractures with MMMF was performed.ResultsTwenty‐six patients underwent open reduction and internal fixation with MMMF. Postoperative data were available for only 16 patients who kept their follow‐up appointments. With the exception of one patient who experienced minimal cross‐bite in the right molar region, all of the patients had their original normocclusion.ConclusionPreliminary results of MMMF suggest that satisfactory postoperative occlusal outcomes may be obtained without the use of wire‐based maxillomandibular fixation methods in selected mandibular fractures.
The value of narrow band imaging endoscope for early head and neck cancers
Authors: Watanabe Akihito , Taniguchi Masanobu , Tsujie Hitoshi , Hosokawa Masao , Fujita Masahiro , Sasaki Shigeyuki 
Published: March 2008

ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic value of rhinolaryngoscopy using a narrow band imaging (NBI) system in detecting squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) in patients with esophageal cancer (EC). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study.Subjects and MethodsBetween January 2006 and December 2006, 667 consecutive EC patients underwent rhinolaryngoscopy screening with both a white light and an NBI system. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive/negative predictive values for detecting SCCHNs were calculated and compared.ResultsForty‐five patients (6.7%) of 667 patients had SCCHNs. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for detecting SCCHNs by white light were 51.1 percent, 99.7 percent, 96.4 percent, 92 percent, and 96.6 percent. In contrast, those by NBI were 97.7 percentj.otohns.2007.12.034, 98.9 percent, 98.8 percent*, 86.3 percent, and 99.8 percentj.otohns.2007.12.034 (* P > 0.01, j.otohns.2007.12.034 P > 0.001 vs white light).ConclusionAn NBI endoscope significantly improves diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and negative predictive value in detecting SCCHN in EC patients. This endoscope would be highly beneficial in detecting superficial SCCHNs in high‐risk patients.
Esthesioneuroblastoma: 25‐year experience at a single institution
Authors: Zafereo Mark E. , Fakhri Samer , Prayson Richard , Batra Pete S. , Lee Joung , Lanza Donald C. , Citardi Martin J. 
Published: March 2008

ObjectivesTo evaluate outcomes for patients with esthesioneuroblastoma treated at a single institution during a 25‐year period.DesignEighteen patients with pathologic diagnosis of esthesioneuroblastoma between 1980 and 2004 were retrospectively identified.ResultsTwo patients had Kadish A, seven had Kadish B, and nine had Kadish C disease. The mean follow‐up was 71 months. Treatment regimens consisted of surgery alone (four patients), surgery followed by postoperative radiation (six patients), surgery followed by postoperative chemoradiotherapy (three patients), preoperative radiotherapy (two patients), preoperative chemoradiotherapy (one patient), chemoradiotherapy (one patient), and surgery plus chemotherapy (one patient). Surgical approaches (n = 17) consisted of 13 traditional craniofacial resections, one endoscopic‐assisted cranionasal resection, and three minimally invasive endoscopic resections. The 10‐year disease‐specific survival was 80%. The overall recurrence‐free survival at five and 10 years was 62% and 46%, respectively. Positive surgical margins and TNM staging predicted survival.ConclusionBoth endoscopic and open surgical approaches have been successful in treating a small number of esthesioneuroblastoma patients with high survival and low rate of surgical complications.
Little-known arctic species Montacuta spitzbergensis (Bivalvia: Montacutidae) from the north-western Pacific with notes on Montacuta substriata and Tellimya ferruginosa
Authors: Kamenev Gennady M. 
Published: March 2008

An expanded description of a little-known arctic species Montacuta spitzbergensis from the Sea of Okhotsk with new data on its morphology, ecology and geographical distribution is given. This is the first record of M. spitzbergensis from the north-western Pacific. It differs from other species of Montacuta in its large (to 8.4 mm), elongate–ovate, thick shell with wide, slightly curved hinge plate, wide, short, and shallow resilifer, and weakly developed external ligament. This species occurs in the Arctic Ocean (Spitsbergen, Barents, Kara, Laptev and Chukchi Seas) and the Pacific Ocean (Sea of Okhotsk) at depths from 9 to 232 m at a bottom temperature from −1.62°C to +2.50°C. The hinge structure of the type species of the genera Montacuta and Tellimya is also discussed.
Female description of the hydrothermal vent cephalopod Vulcanoctopus hydrothermalis
Authors: González A.F. , Guerra A. , Pascual S. , Segonzac M. 
Published: March 2008

During biological sampling of hydrothermal vents on the East Pacific Rise, the manned submersible ‘Nautile’ caught the first female of the endemic cephalopod Vulcanoctopus hydrothermalis. The specimen caught at the vent site Gromit (21°33 66′S, 114°17 98′W at 2832 m depth) is described here in detail and an amended diagnosis of the species proposed. The external morphology, measurements and internal structure resemble that of males of this species. One of the most remarkable characters is the lack of spermathecae and the absence of apical filaments in the oocytes to provide a site for sperm storage. It is suggested that some species of the genera Benthoctopus and Bathypolypus would be the most suitable octopod ancestor of V. hydrothermalis.
Rigidity properties of Anosov optical hypersurfaces
Authors: DAIRBEKOV NURLAN S. , PATERNAIN GABRIEL P. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractWe consider an optical hypersurface Σ in the cotangent bundle τ:T*M→M of a closed manifold M endowed with a twisted symplectic structure. We show that if the characteristic foliation of Σ is Anosov, then a smooth 1-form θ on M is exact if and only if τ*θ has zero integral over every closed characteristic of Σ. This result is derived from a related theorem about magnetic flows which generalizes our previous work [N. S. Dairbekov and G. P. Paternain. Longitudinal KAM cocycles and action spectra of magnetic flows. Math. Res. Lett.12 (2005), 719–729]. Other rigidity issues are also discussed.
Generalized penetration depth for penalty-based six-degree-of-freedom haptic rendering
Authors: Kolesnikov Maxim , Žefran Miloš 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYExisting penalty-based haptic rendering approaches are based on the penetration depth estimation in strictly translational sense and cannot properly take object rotation into account. We propose a new six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) haptic rendering algorithm which is based on determining the closest-point projection of the inadmissible configuration onto the set of admissible configurations. Energy is used to define a metric on the configuration space. Once the projection is found the 6-DOF wrench can be computed from the generalized penetration depth. The space is locally represented with exponential coordinates to make the algorithm more efficient. Examples compare the proposed algorithm with the existing approaches and show its advantages.
COUPON COLLECTING
Authors: Brown Mark , Peköz Erol A. , Ross Sheldon M. 
Published: March 2008

We consider the classical coupon collector's problem in which each new coupon collected is type i with probability pi; ∑i=1npi=1. We derive some formulas concerning N, the number of coupons needed to have a complete set of at least one of each type, that are computationally useful when n is not too large. We also present efficient simulation procedures for determining P(N > k), as well as analytic bounds for this probability.