bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Donor memorialization practices at religious institutions in the United States
Authors: Grachan Jeremy J. , Robinson Rhiannon , Doll Julie , Stevens Kelsey , Leeper Bobbie J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMany institutions worldwide honor the gift of human body donors through memorial services, ceremonies, and various other means, such as guided reflection or art activities. Memorial services can vary when it comes to the name, who is involved in the planning, and who may attend. Within the United States, the role of religion in the planning and delivery of these ceremonies at religious institutions has yet to be actively explored. This study aimed to collect information about human body donor memorialization practices at religious institutions in the United States to help guide further suggestions for enhancing inclusivity in these practices. This study utilized a voluntary survey that was distributed to anatomy educators and human body donor programs to complete if they were from a religious institution that utilized human body donors. Based on the data collected in this study (n = 39), most religious institutions have some form of donor memorialization practices, which may or may not include a formal memorial service. In these practices described by survey participants, religion was commonly represented using an interfaith approach, in which campus ministry often assisted in planning and facilitating the memorialization. Those with masses/services refer to them by different names, and most occur in a religious‐specific place on campus. In conclusion, among survey participants at religious institutions that utilize and memorialize human body donors, most take an inclusive interfaith approach to their memorialization practices, as this can be more representative of the body donors and students who learn from them.
Protocol for responding to the detection of Legionella pneumophila in drinking water distribution systems
Authors: Bartrand Timothy A. , LeChevallier Mark W. , Clancy Jennifer L. , Burlingame Gary A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA protocol for responding to Legionella pneumophila detections in distribution system samples is presented and justified. The protocol was developed using existing protocols for building water systems, vetted in workshops, and provided to utilities participating in a research project. The protocol provides action levels and actions that utilities can take when L. pneumophila is detected in distribution system samples. Action levels are based on the best available science and expert judgment and are similar to those in protocols for assessing building water system monitoring results. Action levels should be reassessed as additional data and knowledge on the occurrence and growth potential of L. pneumophila in distribution systems become available. All positive detections trigger assessments that focus first on conditions local to the sample location and then extend further into the distribution system. Higher concentration or more frequent detections initiate more assertive responses and communication than lower concentration and frequency detections. The protocol provides a starting point for the development of protocols for purposes such as L. pneumophila operational surveillance or within an outbreak investigation.
Biological and environmental factors influencing reproductive performance in ICR mice, Mus musculus
Authors: Tanaka Toyohito 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundSince strain names and breeding facilities of ICR mice used in 37 reproductive toxicity studies have changed from 1990 to 2022 in our laboratory, biological and environmental factors that affect reproductive parameters were investigated in control mice to examine the validity of the background data.MethodsLitter size and sex ratio were measured at birth [postnatal day (PND) 0], while offspring body weight was measured on PND 0 and 21 during the lactation. The relationships between biological and environmental factors and reproductive parameters were assessed with multiple regression analysis using stepwise regression as an explanatory variable selection strategy. The biological factors of litter size at birth, secondary sex ratio (male%), body weight (g) at birth and strain name, and environmental factors of facilities (room), temperature/humidity, and bedding materials were used as explanatory variables, and reproductive parameters of litter size at birth, secondary sex ratio (male%), body weight (g) at birth, and survival index (%) of offspring at PND 21 were used as response variables.ResultsNo significant effects were indicated in litter size and sex ratio (male %) with any biological and environmental factors. Male and female offspring weights were significantly affected by strain names. No significant effects were indicated in the survival index (%) at PND 21 in both sexes with any biological and environmental factors.ConclusionsLitter size and sex ratio in this report are sufficient as background data throughout the period because no significant variables of biological and environmental factors affected litter size and gender composition.
Intergenerational transmission and the reinforcement of the political engagement gap: Identifying how university‐educated parents enable their children to become more politically interested during early adolescence
Authors: Hoskins Bryony , Janmaat Jan Germen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractResearch consistently shows that parents' educational attainment is associated with their children's level of political interest. The life stage when this relationship is established and grows has been identified to be between the ages of 10 and 16. This paper identifies the social class‐based practices that drive the influence of parental education on the development of political interest among early adolescents and explains why the social gap grows at this point. The paper draws on two panel surveys, the Citizenship Education Longitudinal Study and the Understanding Society Youth Survey, and applies latent growth curve modelling and path analysis. The findings show that university‐educated parents influence the change in political interest of their children in early adolescence by raising their educational aspirations, enabling their access to political activities in school, choosing the school for their children, taking their children to museums and art galleries and influencing their children's friendship groups.
Effects of smart watch‐delivered text messaging on social initiations of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: DiDomenico Justin , Tincani Matt , Dowdy Art 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChildren with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience challenges with social skills when interacting with peers, which can affect their ability to form friendships and participate in inclusive settings. This study evaluated text messaging prompts and prompt fading delivered by a smart watch to increase social initiations of three adolescent students with ASD and their peers without ASD. We used a single‐case, multiple probe across participants design to assess participants' level of and type of independent and prompted appropriate social initiations without and with the intervention. Textual prompts substantially increased each participant's social initiations compared to baseline. Two participants remained reliant on textual prompts to make initiations, whereas the third was less reliant on prompts and continued to make independent initiations after prompts were completely faded. Participants' social skills gains maintained up to 3 weeks following intervention and participants and parents reported agreement with the goals, procedures, and outcomes of the strategy.
Visual screening of CRISPR/Cas9 editing efficiency based on micropattern arrays for editing porcine cells
Authors: Peng Wanliu , Gao Mengyu , Zhu Xinglong , Liu Xinmei , Yang Guang , Li Shun , Liu Yong , Bai Lang , Yang Jiayin , Bao Ji 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCRISPR/Cas9 technology, combined with somatic cell nuclear transplantation (SCNT), represents the primary approach to generating gene‐edited pigs. The inefficiency in acquiring gene‐edited nuclear donors is attributed to low editing and delivery efficiency, both closely linked to the selection of CRISPR/Cas9 forms. However, there is currently no direct method to evaluate the efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9 editing in porcine genomes. A platform based on fluorescence reporting signals and micropattern arrays was developed in this study, to visually assess the efficiency of gene editing. The optimal specifications for culturing porcine cells, determined by the quantity and state of cells grown on micropattern arrays, were a diameter of 200 µm and a spacing of 150 µm. By visualizing the area of fluorescence loss and measuring the gray value of the micropattern arrays, it was quickly determined that the mRNA form targeting porcine cells exhibited the highest editing efficiency compared to DNA and Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) forms of CRISPR/Cas9. Subsequently, four homozygotes of the β4GalNT2 gene knockout were successfully obtained through the mRNA form, laying the groundwork for the subsequent generation of gene‐edited pigs. This platform facilitates a quick, simple, and effective evaluation of gene knockout efficiency. Additionally, it holds significant potential for swiftly testing novel gene editing tools, assessing delivery methods, and tailoring evaluation platforms for various cell types.
PD‐L1 inhibitors combined with whole brain radiotherapy in patients with small cell lung cancer brain metastases: Real‐world evidence
Authors: Huang Litang , Chen Shen , Liu Hui , Meng Lu , Liu Chengxing , Wu Xiaoting , Wang Yingying , Luo Shilan , Tu Hongbin , Wang Chunlei , Zhang Ming , Gong Xiaomei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundNumerous studies have demonstrated that brain metastases patients may benefit from intracranial radiotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, it is unclear whether this treatment is effective for patients with small cell lung cancer brain metastases (SCLC‐BMs).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study by analyzing medical records of patients with SCLC‐BMs from January 1, 2017 to June 1, 2022. Data related to median overall survival (mOS), median progression‐free survival (mPFS), and intracranial progression‐free survival (iPFS) were analyzed.ResultsA total of 109 patients were enrolled, of which 60 received WBRT and 49 received WBRT‐ICI. Compared to the WBRT alone cohort, the WBRT‐ICI cohort showed longer mOS (20.4 months vs. 29.3 months, p = 0.021), mPFS (7.9 months vs. 15.1 months, p < 0.001), and iPFS (8.3 months vs. 16.5 months, p < 0.001). Furthermore, WBRT‐ICI cohort had a better response rate for both BMs. (p = 0.035) and extracranial diseases (p < 0.001) compared to those receiving WBRT alone. Notably, the use of WBRT before ICI was associated with longer mOS compared to the use of WBRT after ICI (23.3 months for the ICI‐WBRT group vs. 34.8 months for the WBRT‐ICI group, p = 0.020).ConclusionOur results indicated that WBRT combined with immunotherapy improved survival in SCLC‐BMs patients compared to WBRT monotherapy. Administering WBRT prior to ICI treatment is associated with improved survival outcomes compared to WBRT following ICI treatment, for patients with SCLC‐BMs. These findings highlight the significance of conducting further prospective researches on combination strategies of intracranial radiotherapy and ICI in SCLC‐BMs patients.
Application of interpretable machine learning algorithms to predict distant metastasis in ovarian clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Guo Qin‐Hua , Xie Feng‐Chun , Zhong Fang‐Min , Wen Wen , Zhang Xue‐Ru , Yu Xia‐Jing , Wang Xin‐Lu , Huang Bo , Li Li‐Ping , Wang Xiao‐Zhong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundOvarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) represents a subtype of ovarian epithelial carcinoma (OEC) known for its limited responsiveness to chemotherapy, and the onset of distant metastasis significantly impacts patient prognoses. This study aimed to identify potential risk factors contributing to the occurrence of distant metastasis in OCCC.MethodsUtilizing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, we identified patients diagnosed with OCCC between 2004 and 2015. The most influential factors were selected through the application of Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB) and Adaboost machine learning algorithms, employing a Venn test for further refinement. Subsequently, six machine learning (ML) techniques, namely XGBoost, LightGBM, Random Forest (RF), Adaptive Boosting (Adaboost), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), were employed to construct predictive models for distant metastasis. Shapley Additive Interpretation (SHAP) analysis facilitated a visual interpretation for individual patient. Model validity was assessed using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, F1 score, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsIn the realm of predicting distant metastasis, the Random Forest (RF) model outperformed the other five machine learning algorithms. The RF model demonstrated accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, F1 score, and AUC (95% CI) values of 0.792 (0.762–0.823), 0.904 (0.835–0.973), 0.759 (0.731–0.787), 0.221 (0.186–0.256), 0.974 (0.967–0.982), 0.353 (0.306–0.399), and 0.834 (0.696–0.967), respectively, surpassing the performance of other models. Additionally, the calibration curve's Brier Score (95%) for the RF model reached the minimum value of 0.06256 (0.05753–0.06759). SHAP analysis provided independent explanations, reaffirming the critical clinical factors associated with the risk of metastasis in OCCC patients.ConclusionsThis study successfully established a precise predictive model for OCCC patient metastasis using machine learning techniques, offering valuable support to clinicians in making informed clinical decisions.
Expression and prognostic significance of the PD‐1/PD‐L1 pathway in AIDS‐related non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Zhao Han , Cai Shaohang , Xiao Yanhua , Xia Muye , Chen Hongjie , Xie Zhiman , Tang Xiaoping , He Haolan , Peng Jie , Chen Juanjuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveImmune tolerance and evasion play a critical role in virus‐driven malignancies. However, the phenotype and clinical significance of programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1) and its ligands, PD‐L1 and PD‐L2, in aggressive acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)‐related non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (AR‐NHL) remain poorly understood, particularly in the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐positive subset.MethodsWe used in situ hybridization with EBV‐encoded RNA (EBER) to assess the EBV status. We performed immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry analysis to evaluate components of the PD‐1/PD‐L1/L2 pathway in a multi‐institutional cohort of 58 patients with AR‐NHL and compared EBV‐positive and EBV‐negative cases.ResultsThe prevalence of EBV+ in AR‐NHL was 56.9% and was associated with a marked increase in the expression of PD‐1/PD‐L1/PD‐L2 in malignant cells. Patients with AR‐NHLs who tested positive for both EBER and PD‐1 exhibited lower survival rates compared to those negative for these markers (47.4% vs. 93.8%, p = 0.004). Similarly, patients positive for both EBER and PD‐L1 also demonstrated poorer survival (56.5% vs. 93.8%, p = 0.043). Importantly, PD‐1 tissue‐expression demonstrated independent prognostic significance for overall survival in multivariate analysis and was correlated to elevated levels of LDH (r = 0.313, p = 0.031), increased PD‐1+ Tregs (p = 0.006), and robust expression of EBER (r = 0.541, p < 0.001) and PD‐L1 (r = 0.354, p = 0.014) expression.ConclusionsThese data emphasize the importance of PD‐1‐mediated immune evasion in the complex landscape of immune oncology in AR‐NHL co‐infected with EBV, and contribute to the diagnostic classification and possible definition of immunotherapeutic strategies for this unique subgroup.
Collaboration between Criminal Justice and Child Protection in Cases of Child Sexual Abuse: Unveiling Inhibiting and Facilitating Factors
Authors: Eilfgang Justine , Bayer Lennart , Cigelski Maike , Mensing Frieda , von Seeler Isabelle , Sewald Harriet , Pülschen Simone 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVictims of child sexual abuse (CSA) in criminal proceedings face a range of stress factors. In response to this, collaboration between criminal justice and child protection professionals has been established both legally and informally, such as in the newly established Childhood Houses in Germany, which follow the model of the Scandinavian Barnahus to reduce stress and prevent revictimisation. This study intends to identify facilitating and inhibiting factors in the collaboration between the child protection and criminal justice systems in cases of CSA in Germany. Twenty‐eight qualitative interviews with experts from child protection, like counselling centre employees (n = 5), psychosocial court supporters (n = 5) and youth welfare office workers (n = 5), and the criminal justice system, like prosecutors (n = 5), police officers (n = 5) and attorneys (n = 3). The interviews are structured by a questionnaire and analysed using Kuckartz's method of qualitative content analysis (QCA). Findings show that key factors like information flow, assessments of collaboration partners, uncertainties about laws and actors' perspectives on reporting and networking determine the success or failure of interagency collaboration.
Chemical Investigation and Antinociceptive Activity Evaluation of Marrubium Vulgare L. Aqueous Extract
Authors: Aitbaba Abdelfatah , Kabdy Hamid , Baslam Abdelmounaim , Azraida Hajar , Aboufatima Rachida , El Yazouli Loubna , Sokar Zahra , Garzoli Stefania , Chait Abderrahman 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMarrubium vulgare L. (Lamiaceae) has a long history of use in traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of respiratory tract infections, inflammatory conditions, and pain. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition, acute toxicity, and antinociceptive effects of the aqueous extract from M. vulgare leaves (AEMV). Antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and reducing power assays. The chemical composition of AEMV was determined through LC–MS/MS, and the levels of total phenolics, flavonoids, and condensed tannins were quantified. Acute oral toxicity was assessed in male Swiss mice with a single oral dose of AEMV (1, 2, 5 g/kg). The analgesic impact was examined through writhing, hot plate, and formalin tests. Our findings not only confirmed the safety of the extract in animal models but also revealed significant antioxidant activity in AEMV. High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis identified important bioactive compounds, with marrubiin being a major component. Furthermore, AEMV demonstrated robust antinociceptive properties in all conducted tests, highlighting its potential as a valuable natural source of bioactive compounds suitable for a wide range of therapeutic applications.
Untargeted Metabolomic to Access Chemical Differences Induced by Dual Endophyte Cultures Isolated from Euphorbia Umbellata
Authors: Santos Gusmão Amanda , Silva Conceição João Carlos , Moreira de Queiros Santos Stefane , Lima Sampaio Pereira Cecilia , Siqueira de Almeida Chaves Douglas , de Jesus Nicácio Karen , Aparecida Chagas‐Paula Daniela , de Oliveira Silva Eliane 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEndophytic fungi live asymptomatically inside vegetal tissues, and such uncommon habitat contributes to their exceptional chemical diversity. Isolating natural products from endophytic fungi could fail due to silent biosynthetic gene clusters under ordinary in vitro culture conditions, and co‐culturing has been assayed to trigger their metabolism. We carried out single and dual cultures with 13 endophyte strains isolated from Euphorbia umbellata leaves. Multivariate statistics applied to untargeted metabolomics compared the chemical profiles of all endophyte cultures. PCA analysis guided the selection of the Aspergillus pseudonomiae J1 – Porogramme brasiliensis J9 dual culture for its most significant chemical differentiation: Five compounds were putatively annotated in the J1−J9 culture according to UHPLC‐HRMS data, kojic acid, haliclonol and its diastereoisomer, caffeic acid, and 2‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde. Analysis by PLS‐DA using VIP score showed that kojic acid displayed the most significative importance in discriminating single and dual J1−J9 cultures.
Retrobisabolane A, a Novel Bisabolane‐Derived Sesquiterpenoid Isolated from Deep‐Sea‐Derived Fungus Retroconis fusiformis MCCC 3A00792
Authors: Liu Xin , Lv Yinghui , He Jianlin , Hong Bihong , Shao Zongze , Yu Miao , Niu Siwen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOne novel bisabolane‐derived sesquiterpenoid retrobisabolane A (1), featuring a methyl group location at the C‐4 position instead of C‐3 in the bisabolanes, and a known ester‐substituted eremophilane‐type sesquiterpenoid cryptosphaerolide (2), along with three known indole alkaloids (3–5) were discovered from the fermented cultures of a deep‐sea‐derived fungus Retroconis fusiformis MCCC 3A00792. The planar structure of new compound 1 was determined by extensive analysis of the NMR and HRESIMS spectra. The relative and absolute configurations of 1 were resolved by the coupling constant (J), calculation of ECD and NMR spectra, and the DP4+ probability analysis of the 1H and 13C NMR data. Interestingly, retrobisabolane A was the new subclass of bisabolanes bearing a methyl group linkage at C‐4 instead of C‐3 position. Three human cancer cell lines (Hela, AGS, and BIU‐87) were subjected to evaluate the cytotoxic activities of compounds 1–5. As a result, compound 2 exhibited significant inhibitory activities against three cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 9.95 to 18.77 μM.
Adenosine increases PD‐L1 expression in mesenchymal stromal cells derived from cervical cancer through its interaction with A2AR/A2BR and the production of TGF‐β1
Authors: Marín‐Aquino Luis Antonio , Mora‐García María de Lourdes , Moreno‐Lafont Martha C. , García‐Rocha Rosario , Montesinos‐Montesinos Juan José , López‐Santiago Ruben , Sánchez‐Torres Luvia Enid , Torres‐Pineda Daniela Berenice , Weiss‐Steider Benny , Hernández‐Montes Jorge , Don‐López Christian Azucena , Monroy‐García Alberto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) together with malignant cells present in the tumor microenvironment (TME), participate in the suppression of the antitumor immune response through the production of immunosuppressive factors, such as transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF‐β1). In previous studies, we reported that adenosine (Ado), generated by the adenosinergic activity of cervical cancer (CeCa) cells, induces the production of TGF‐β1 by interacting with A2AR/A2BR. In the present study, we provide evidence that Ado induces the production of TGF‐β1 in MSCs derived from CeCa tumors (CeCa‐MSCs) by interacting with both receptors and that TGF‐β1 acts in an autocrine manner to induce the expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) in CeCa‐MSCs, resulting in an increase in their immunosuppressive capacity on activated CD8+ T lymphocytes. The addition of the antagonists ZM241385 and MRS1754, specific for A2AR and A2BR, respectively, or SB‐505124, a selective TGF‐β1 receptor inhibitor, in CeCa‐MSC cultures significantly inhibited the expression of PD‐L1. Compared with CeCa‐MSCs, MSCs derived from normal cervical tissue (NCx‐MSCs), used as a control and induced with Ado to express PD‐L1, showed a lower response to TGF‐β1 to increase PD‐L1 expression. Those results strongly suggest the presence of a feedback mechanism among the adenosinergic pathway, the production of TGF‐β1, and the induction of PD‐L1 in CeCa‐MSCs to suppress the antitumor response of CD8+ T lymphocytes. The findings of this study suggest that this pathway may have clinical importance as a therapeutic target.