bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two‐dimensional fractal growth properties of the filamentous fungus Cryphonectria parasitica: the effects of hypovirus infection
Authors: Golinski Michael R. , Boecklen William J. , Dawe Angus L. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWhole‐colony two‐dimensional fractal growth patterns produced by hypovirus‐infected Cryphonectria parasitica (EP155/CHV1‐EP713) were measured and compared with those produced by the isogenic virus‐free strain (EP155) on solid medium. We have quantified statistically significant differences in the rates of expansion and spatial dynamics of colony growth between the two strains and concluded that fractal dimension is affected by the presence of the hypovirus. Therefore, fractal dimension measurement is an effective quantitative tool for testing the effects of mycovirus infection on fungal growth parameters. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Diversity of auxin‐producing bacteria associated to Pseudomonas savastanoi ‐induced olive knots
Authors: Ouzari Hadda , Khsairi Amel , Raddadi Noura , Jaoua Leila , Hassen Abdennaceur , Zarrouk Mokhtar , Daffonchio Daniele , Boudabous Abdellatif 
Published: August 2008

AbstractForty three strains were isolated from knots induced by Pseudomonas savastanoi in different olive cultivars. All the selected bacteria were shown to produce variable amounts of the plant growth hormone indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA). Amplification of the intergenic transcribed spacers (ITS) between 16S and 23S rDNA genes, allowed the clustering of the isolates into seven distinct groups. All isolates from ITS group 1 were positive to the Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi specific iaa L gene as shown by PCR. Partial sequencing of 16S rDNA gene confirmed the identity of these isolates to Pseudomonas savastanoi strains and allowed to tentatively assign the other isolates from the remaining ITS groups to Pantoea oleae/agglomerans, Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas putida, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Hafnia alvei. Identification of endophytic knot‐derived isolates revealed association of various saprophytic and putative human pathogenic bacteria with P. savastanoi pv. savastanoi in knot environment of olive infected trees. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Rheological properties of yeasted and nonyeasted wheat doughs developed under different mixing conditions
Authors: Connelly Robin K , McIntier Rebekah L 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: In order to explore the differences in rheological behaviour of full formula and flour/water doughs due to mixing, small‐amplitude oscillatory strain (SAOS) rheological measurements were made on fully developed nonyeasted and inactivated yeasted dough formulations mixed at various speeds using the Brabender Farinograph and the Bohlin ReoMixer. These results were compared with large‐strain empirical rheological results (including Kieffer rig uniaxial extension) as well as baking test results to determine differences due to mixer speed and/or flow distribution.RESULTS: The uniaxial extension and baking tests detected mixing speeds with incomplete dough development. Above those speeds, energy input to peak development was relatively constant in the Farinograph. Extensibility trends showed increases with speed in the yeasted dough samples, which were attributed to variation in fermentation time during mixing to peak torque at different speeds. While SAOS results did not show differences due to mixing speed, they did detect differences between the yeasted and nonyeasted dough formulations, as well as significant differences (P < 0.01) between yeasted doughs mixed in the two different mixers.CONCLUSION: The results indicate that known differences in the distribution of elongational and shear flows in the two mixers impact the development of dough structure during mixing. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Mutuality of the marital relationship in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Tanji Haruko , Anderson Karen E. , Gruber‐Baldini Ann L. , Fishman Paul S. , Reich Stephen G. , Weiner William J. , Shulman Lisa M. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractTo assess the association between mutuality of the marital relationship in Parkinson's disease with disease severity, disability, mental health, quality of life, and caregiver burden. Spouses of patients with PD completed questionnaires assessing mutuality of the marital relationship (Mutuality Scale) and caregiver strain (Caregiver Strain Index). Patients and spouses completed scales assessing their mental health (Brief Symptom Inventory‐18), medical co‐morbidity (Cumulative Illness Rating Scale) and health‐related QoL (SF‐12v2). PD severity and disability were assessed with the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and the Older Americans Resource and Services Disability Scale. The relationships between mutuality and patient and spousal variables were analyzed with univariate correlations and multiple regression. Ninety‐six spouse‐patient pairs were assessed. Increased mutuality, as reported by the spouse was associated with reduced caregiver burden, less depression of both spouse and patient, and less PD severity. Mutuality was inversely correlated with gait impairment, with lesser correlations for balance, urinary incontinence and motor fluctuations. Greater mutuality between spouses and patients with PD is associated with better mental health of both partners, reduced caregiver burden and improved spousal quality of life. PD severity, especially gait, balance, urinary incontinence and motor fluctuations are particular stressors on the marital relationship. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
[123I]FP‐CIT SPET imaging in drug‐induced Parkinsonism
Authors: Tinazzi Michele , Ottaviani Sarah , Isaias Ioannis U. , Pasquin Isabella , Steinmayr Maria , Vampini Claudio , Pilleri Manuela , Moretto Giuseppe , Fiaschi Antonio , Smania Nicola , Giorgetti Piergiorgio , Antonini Angelo 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe assessed the status of dopamine nerve terminals in patients treated with dopamine receptor blocking agents (DRBAs) who had developed drug‐induced parkinsonism (DIP). We performed [123I]FP‐CIT SPET in 32 consecutive patients who were on DRBAs for at least 6 months and developed extrapyramidal signs. The UPDRS‐III was used to assess clinical severity. Twenty‐six age‐ and sex‐matched healthy subjects served as control group. Putamen [123I]FP‐CIT SPET binding was reduced in 14 and normal in the remaining 18 patients. There was no difference between the two groups for age, duration of DRBAs treatment, UPDRS III, tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia subscores for upper and lower limbs. Conversely, symmetry of parkinsonian signs and presence bucco‐linguo‐masticatory dyskinesias were more frequent in individuals with normal tracer binding. Imaging of the dopamine transporter may help to identify subjects with DIP secondary to a loss of dopamine nerve terminals. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Pain and denture condition in edentulous orodyskinesia: Comparisons with tardive dyskinesia and control subjects
Authors: Blanchet Pierre J. , Popovici Romana , Guitard Francine , Rompré Pierre H. , Lamarche Claude , Lavigne Gilles J. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractEdentulous orodyskinesia (ED) is a neglected source of aimless oral movements that may be confused with tardive dyskinesia (TD). We attempted to clarify the clinical features, significance, and orodental factors in relation to ED. Fourteen ED subjects, 13 TD patients, and 15 age‐matched controls self‐assessed their oral pain perception, condition, and function using a visual analogue scale. Dyskinesias were classified and rated by a neurologist. Perioral thermal and pressure pain threshold studies, and a standardized orodental examination, were conducted blind to subject group. The perceived oral pain level was low in all groups, and those reporting a significant intensity level of pain (≥50th percentile) were few. The pain thresholds in both dyskinetic groups were comparable to control values. All ED cases wore a complete set of dentures, considered a current source of problems by 85.7% of them. ED cases commonly displayed inadequate dental occlusal relationship (P = 0.014 vs. controls; P = 0.036 vs. TD) and an overclosed vertical dimension (P = 0.006 vs. controls) as well as unstable and unretentive dentures. ED was limited to the oral region, spared the tongue when the mouth is open, and was never severe in our patients. ED has distinct movement characteristics and is often associated with inadequate dentures and biomechanical sources of denture instability. The contribution of the foregoing findings to the expression of oral dyskinesia warrants further studies. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
A comparative study of odor identification and odor discrimination deficits in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Boesveldt Sanne , Verbaan Dagmar , Knol Dirk L. , Visser Martine , van Rooden Stephanie M. , van Hilten Jacobus J. , Berendse Henk W. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the characteristics of odor discrimination and odor identification deficits in a large population of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and to determine which of these olfactory tests best distinguishes between patients with PD and control subjects. Olfactory performance was assessed in 404 patients with PD and 150 controls, using the odor identification and discrimination parts of the Sniffin' Sticks battery. Mean identification and discrimination scores in patients with PD were significantly lower than in controls. Linear regression analysis using a 95% confidence interval revealed that, relative to the performance of controls, 65.0% of patients with PD had an impairment in odor identification, whereas 42.1% of patients were impaired on the odor discrimination task. ROC curves revealed a higher sensitivity and specificity for odor identification than for odor discrimination in separating patients from controls. In patients with PD, odor discrimination performance decreased with increasing disease duration, whereas odor identification was not correlated with disease stage or duration. In PD, odor identification is more frequently impaired than odor discrimination and allows a better discrimination between patients and controls. Although an odor identification deficit is generally believed to be independent of disease progression, the impairment in odor discrimination appears to increase with disease duration. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Medical decision‐making capacity in cognitively impaired Parkinson's disease patients without dementia
Authors: Martin Roy C. , Okonkwo Ozioma C. , Hill Joni , Griffith H. Randall , Triebel Kristen , Bartolucci Alfred , Nicholas Anthony P. , Watts Ray L. , Stover Natividad , Harrell Lindy E. , Clark David , Marson Daniel C. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractLittle is currently known about the higher order functional skills of patients with Parkinson disease and cognitive impairment. Medical decision‐making capacity (MDC) was assessed in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) with cognitive impairment and dementia. Participants were 16 patients with PD and cognitive impairment without dementia (PD‐CIND), 16 patients with PD dementia (PDD), and 22 healthy older adults. All participants were administered the Capacity to Consent to Treatment Instrument (CCTI), a standardized capacity instrument assessing MDC under five different consent standards. Parametric and nonparametric statistical analyses were utilized to examine capacity performance on the consent standards. In addition, capacity outcomes (capable, marginally capable, or incapable outcomes) on the standards were identified for the two patient groups. Relative to controls, PD‐CIND patients demonstrated significant impairment on the understanding treatment consent standard, clinically the most stringent CCTI standard. Relative to controls and PD‐CIND patients, PDD patients were impaired on the three clinical standards of understanding, reasoning, and appreciation. The findings suggest that impairment in decisional capacity is already present in cognitively impaired patients with PD without dementia and increases as these patients develop dementia. Clinicians and researchers should carefully assess decisional capacity in all patients with PD with cognitive impairment. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Detection of Parkinson's disease by MRI: Spin‐lattice distribution imaging
Authors: Hutchinson Michael , Raff Ulrich 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe have developed an advanced MRI technique for detecting Parkinson's Disease (PD) which depends on an image constructed as a ratio of images from two inversion recovery sequences (one generating a white matter suppressed image, the other a gray matter suppressed image). This technique was designed to be exceptionally sensitive to the spin‐lattice relaxation time T1. It was refined with the introduction of segmentation analysis and given the acronym SIRRIM (Segmented Inversion Recovery Ratio Imaging). Our objectives are, first, to reinvestigate the sensitivity of MRI with new subjects and second, to investigate whether a new form of analysis, using the gray level distribution of signal in the image, may prove more sensitive than SIRRIM. For each subject, a ratio image was constructed (WMS/GMS) and the substantia nigra segmented out to be displayed as an isolated structure. From the segmented image a measure of disease severity, the Radiological Index (RI), was calculated for each subject. Since the pixel value in the ratio image is a strong function of the local T1 relaxation time, the distribution of pixel values gives the distribution of spin‐lattice relaxation times. A refinement in the analysis is introduced, the Spin‐Lattice Distribution Index (SI), which is an automated measure of MRI signal in the Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNC). Both RI and SI were calculated for each of 24 subjects, 12 patients and 12 controls. The SI may further improve the separation of patient and control groups, and may therefore be more sensitive than the RI. Unlike the RI it is completely automatic and circumvents two of the limitations of the RI. The work is consistent with the proposition that MRI, when properly configured, is a highly sensitive marker for PD. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
MR‐spectroscopic findings in juvenile‐onset Huntington's disease
Authors: Reynolds Norman C. , Prost Robert W. , Mark Leighton P. , Joseph Suja A. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractSeven HD gene positive individuals under the age of 21 years are described with clinical examination and proton‐MR‐spectroscopy (1H‐MRS) profiles of the putamen. Despite clinical variability, the predominate 1H‐MRS abnormality is elevated glutamate, expressed well beyond the confines of the basal ganglia, and low striatal creatine. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Predictors of progression in patients with Friedreich ataxia
Authors: La Pean Alison , Jeffries Neal , Grow Chelsea , Ravina Bernard , Di Prospero Nicholas A. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractFriedreich ataxia is an inherited, progressive, neurodegenerative disorder that is clinically heterogeneous. It is caused by a trinucleotide (GAA) repeat expansion resulting in frataxin loss and oxidative stress. We assessed clinical features including the development of cardiomyopathy and scoliosis and disease progression including loss of ambulation and interference with activities of daily living relative to the length of the GAA repeat, age of onset, and age of diagnosis in a retrospective cohort study of 61 genetically confirmed patients. The use of antioxidants such as vitamins, dietary supplements, and idebenone was also examined. Linear regression and Cox proportional hazard models assessed predictors to disease milestones. The shorter GAA allele accounted for part of the variability in the age of diagnosis (46%) and less in the age of onset (27%). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that age at diagnosis, which may incorporate other genetic and environmental factors, is more important than GAA length in predicting cardiomyopathy, scoliosis, and disease progression. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Balance self‐efficacy determines walking capacity in people with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Mak Margaret K.Y. , Pang Marco Y.C. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the contribution of balance self‐efficacy to walking capacity in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Seventy‐one patients with PD and 55 healthy subjects completed the study. Walking capacity was quantified by 6‐min walk (6MW) test. Perceived balance self‐efficacy was assessed by activities‐specific balance confidence (ABC) scale. PD‐specific motor impairments were determined by Unified PD rating scale (Motor Examination III) and maximum muscle strength of lower extremities. Patients with PD achieved significantly shorter 6MW distance and lower ABC score than control subjects (P < 0.001). In multiple regression analysis, after accounting for basic demographics and PD‐specific motor impairments, ABC score remained independently associated with 6MW distance, accounting for 17.1% of the variance (P < 0.001). This is the first study demonstrating that balance self‐efficacy is an important and independent determinant of functional walking capacity in patients with PD. Improving balance confidence could be crucial in promoting walking capacity in PD population. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Predictive value of nigrostriatal dysfunction in isolated tremor: A clinical and SPECT study
Authors: Ceravolo Roberto , Antonini Angelo , Volterrani Duccio , Rossi Carlo , Kiferle Lorenzo , Frosini Daniela , Lucetti Claudio , Isaias Ioannis U. , Benti Riccardo , Murri Luigi , Bonuccelli Ubaldo 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe overlap among tremor disorders is wide and complex because essential tremor patients may present resting tremor coexisting with postural tremor, while postural may coexist with resting tremor in Parkinson's disease. We investigated dopamine transporter binding in 61 subjects presenting with isolated atypical tremors defined as unilateral either postural, resting, or mixed (i.e. resting and postural) tremor, without rigidity or bradykinesia, by means of 123I‐FPCIT SPECT imaging at baseline. Patients were followed‐up clinically for 28.4 ± 7.2 months. Twenty‐five patients with baseline normal SPECT continued to present only tremor at follow‐up. Among 36 patients with abnormal SPECT, 23 (64%) developed PD, while the remaining 13 continued to present only tremor at follow‐up. The value of 123I‐FPCIT SPECT in predicting the evolution to PD was very high in a way independent from the first clinical presentation of tremor (Rest tremor, P = 0.015; Mixed tremor, P = 0.015; Postural tremor, P = 0.039; chi‐square test). Our data suggest that the clinical presentation of isolated tremors is insufficient to allow a precise early‐stage diagnosis, whereas the detection of presynaptic nigrostriatal dopaminergic dysfunction could lead to diagnosis of atypical tremor disorders at a very early stage. We suggest this disorder to be labeled as “isolated tremor with dopaminergic presynaptic dysfunction.” © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Electrophysiological features of myoclonus‐dystonia
Authors: Li Jie‐Yuan , Cunic Danny I. , Paradiso Guillermo , Gunraj Carolyn , Pal Pramod K. , Lang Anthony E. , Chen Robert 
Published: August 2008

AbstractInherited myoclonus‐dystonia (M‐D) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by myoclonus and dystonia that often improves with alcohol. To examine the electrophysiologic characteristics of M‐D, we studied 6 patients from 4 different families and 9 age‐matched healthy subjects. Neurophysiological studies performed include electromyography (EMG)‐electroencephalography (EEG) polygraphy, jerk‐locked back‐averaged EEG, somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP), long‐latency reflex (LLR) to median and digital nerve stimulation, and transcranial magnetic stimulation studies with short‐interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), intracortical facilitation (ICF), and long‐interval intracortical inhibition (LICI). All 6 patients showed myoclonus and dystonia on clinical examination and EMG testing. The EMG burst durations ranged from 30.4 to 750.6 milliseconds (mean, 101.5 milliseconds). Jerk‐locked back‐averaged EEG failed to reveal any preceding cortical correlates. Median nerve SEP revealed no giant potential. No patients had exaggerated LLR to median or digital nerve stimulation. There was no significant difference in SICI, ICF, and LICI between M‐D patients and normal subjects. Myoclonus in inherited M‐D is likely of subcortical origin. Normal intracortical inhibition and facilitation suggest that the GABAergic circuits in the motor cortex are largely intact and that the mechanisms of myoclonus and dystonia are different from those for cortical myoclonus and other dystonic disorders. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Abnormal antisaccades and smooth pursuit eye movements in patients with Wilson's disease
Authors: Leśniak Marcin , Członkowska Anna , Seniów Joanna 
Published: August 2008

AbstractNeurological symptoms in Wilson's disease (WD) may include oculomotor abnormalities. However, to date, eye movements in WD patients were rarely investigated and the data concerning this issue are sparse. The purpose of this study was to evaluate reflexive and voluntary eye movements in WD patients. We examined horizontal saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements using infra‐red oculography in 50 WD patients, including 29 neurologically symptomatic (WDn) and 21 asymptomatic ones (WDa), and in 29 healthy controls. We found statistically significant increase in mean antisaccadic latency (378 ms) and in mean antisaccadic error rate (22.5) in the WDn group, when compared with WDa group (317 ms and 9.1, respectively) and controls (318 ms and 9.7, respectively). In contrast, there were no statistically significant differences in mean latency of prosaccades and in size of the gap effect. Patients with neurological manifestations had also abnormal smooth pursuit—increased number of saccadic intrusions (mean: 8.6) and decreased gain (mean: 0.69) comparing with WDa patients (4.1 and 0.83, respectively) and controls (2.2 and 0.91, respectively). The data suggest that WD is associated both with impairment of voluntary control of saccades and with disturbed smooth pursuit eye movements while reflexive saccades seem to be preserved. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
1H and 13C NMR assignments for four triterpenoid saponins from Albizziae cortex
Authors: Han Li‐Feng , Ma Bai‐Ping , Zhang Hong‐Sheng , Song Xin‐Bo , Gao Xiu‐Mei , Kang Li‐Ping , Xiong Cheng‐Qi , Zhao Yang , Tan Da‐Wei 
Published: August 2008

AbstractFour triterpenoid saponins were isolated from Albizziae cortex, and a complete assignment of their 1H and 13C NMR spectra was carried out using 1D and 2D NMR (1H1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and HSQC–TOCSY) methods. Their 1H NMR assignments were reported for the first time and some of their 13C NMR spectral data reported in literature were corrected. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.