bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of conservative surgical practices for malignant ovarian germ cell tumors
Authors: Chan John K. , Tewari Krishnansu S. , Waller Sarah , Cheung Michael K. , Shin Jacob Y. , Osann Kathryn , Kapp Daniel S. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate demographics, survival, and surgical trends for patients with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors.MethodsSEER data abstracted from 1988 to 2001 and analyzed using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression models.ResultsOf 760 patients, the median age was 23 years. Seventy‐six percent of patients presented with stage I–II disease, and 24% with stage III–IV. Fifty‐five percent were immature teratomas, 32% dysgerminomas, and 13% yolk sac tumors. Fertility‐preserving surgery was performed in 41.2% (n = 313) of patients. In those <45 years old, the use of fertility‐preserving surgery increased from 40.5% to 44.5% to 48.4% over the time periods 1988–1992, 1993–1997, 1998–2001 (P = 0.25). The survival of patients who underwent fertility‐preserving surgery was not statistically different compared to those who underwent standard surgery (P = 0.26). Patients with stage I–II disease had improved survival compared to stage III–IV disease (97.6% vs. 85.5%, P < 0.001). The overall survival of women with dysgerminomas, immature teratomas, and yolk sac tumors was 99.5%, 94.3%, and 85.4%, respectively (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, older age, advanced stage, and yolk sac tumor histology predicted for poorer survival.ConclusionOur data suggests that the use of fertility‐preserving surgery with concomitant surgical staging for germ cell cancers has increased without compromising survival. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;98:111–116. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High throughput screening of active pharmaceutical ingredients by UPLC
Authors: Al‐Sayah Mohammad A. , Rizos Panagiota , Antonucci Vincent , Wu Naijun 
Published: June 2008

AbstractUltra performance LC (UPLC) was evaluated as an efficient screening approach to facilitate method development for drug candidates. Three stationary phases were screened: C‐18, phenyl, and Shield RP 18 with column dimensions of 150 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm, which should theoretically generate ˜35 000 plates or ˜175% of the typical column plate count of a conventional 250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm particle column. Thirteen different active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) were screened using this column set with a standardized mobile‐phase gradient. The UPLC method selectivity results were compared to those obtained for these compounds via methods developed through laborious trial and error screening experiments using numerous conventional HPLC mobile and stationary phases. Peak capacity was compared for columns packed with 5 μm particles and columns packed with 1.7 μm particles. The impurities screened by UPLC were confirmed by LC/MS. The results demonstrate that simple, high efficiency UPLC gradients are a feasible and productive alternative to more conventional multiparametric chromatographic screening approaches for many compounds in the early stages of drug development.
Determination of ammonia, creatinine and inorganic cations in urine using CE with contactless conductivity detection
Authors: Tůma Petr , Samcová Eva , Duška František 
Published: June 2008

AbstractCE with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D) was used to determine waste products of the nitrogen metabolism (ammonia and creatinine) and of biogenic inorganic cations in samples of human urine. The CE separation was performed in two BGEs, consisting of 2 M acetic acid + 1.5 mM crown ether 18‐crown‐6 (BGE I) and 2 M acetic acid + 2% w/v PEG (BGE II). Only BGE II permitted complete separation of all the analytes in a model sample and in real urine samples. The LOD values for the optimized procedure ranged from 0.8 μM for Ca2+ and Mg2+ to 2.9 μM for NH4+ (in terms of mass concentration units, from 7 μg/L for Li+ to 102 μg/L for creatinine). These values are adequate for determination of NH4+, creatinine, Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in real urine samples.
Purification and characterization of zinc α2‐glycoprotein‐Prolactin inducible protein complex from human seminal plasma
Authors: Hassan Md. Imtaiyaz , Kumar Vijay , Singh Tej P. , Yadav Savita 
Published: June 2008

AbstractZinc α2‐glycoprotein (ZAG) is present at high concentration in human seminal plasma, and considered as soluble homologue of MHC‐I. ZAG is a well‐known biomarker for prostate and breast carcinomas. We have purified a naturally occurring complex of ZAG with Prolactin inducible protein (PIP), which is also a well‐known biomarker for the same. The ZAG‐PIP complex has been isolated and purified by simple chromatographic techniques in a reproducible two‐step process, using ion exchange and gel‐permeation chromatography and subsequently identified by MS. The complex between ZAG and PIP is formed by non‐covalent interactions. The purity and molecular mass was determined by SDS‐PAGE, which shows the bands corresponding to 40 kDa and 14 kDa, which were also confirmed by MALDI‐TOF. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiments also showed hydrodynamic radii corresponding to 54, 40 and 14 kDa for ZAG‐PIP complex, ZAG and PIP respectively. The concentration dependent aggregation of this complex has also been observed. Fluorescence analysis reveals that complexes have similar binding affinities as native ZAG, for their proposed ligands like arachidonic acid, polyethylene glycol and synthetic peptide. This is the first report on purification and characterization of a naturally occurring complex of ZAG‐PIP in human seminal fluid.
Solid phase microextraction‐high performance liquid chromatographic determination of octahydro‐1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocine (HMX) and hexahydro‐1,3,5‐trinitro‐1,3,5‐triazine (RDX) in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant
Authors: Gaurav  , Malik Ashok Kumar , Rai Parmod Kumar 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA simple and sensitive method has been developed using preconcentration technique solid phase microextraction (SPME) and analytical technique HPLC‐UV for the determination of octahydro‐1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocine (HMX) and hexahydro‐1,3,5‐trinitro‐1,3,5‐triazine (RDX) from the environmental samples. Aqueous solution of anionic surfactant SDS was used for the extraction of both nitramine high explosives, viz., HMX and RDX from soil samples which were subsequently sorbed on SPME fiber. The static desorption was carried out in the desorption chamber of the SPME‐HPLC interface in the presence of mobile phase ACN/methanol/water (30:35:35) and the subsequent chromatographic analysis at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min and detection at 230 nm. For this purpose, a C18, 5 μm RP analytical column was used as a separation medium in this method. Several parameters relating to SPME, e.g., adsorption/desorption time, concentration of salt, stirring rate, etc., were optimized. The method was linear over the range of 20–400 ng/mL for HMX and RDX standards in the presence of surfactant in aqueous phase, respectively. The correlation coefficient (R2) for HMX and RDX are 0.9998 and 0.9982, respectively. With SPME, the detection limits (S/N = 3) in ng/mL are 0.05 and 0.1 for HMX and RDX, respectively in the presence of the SDS surfactant. The developed method has been applied successfully to the analysis of real environmental samples like bore well water, river water, and ground alluvial soil.
Quantification of polyphenols with potential antioxidant properties in wines using reverse phase HPLC
Authors: Paixão Neuza , Pereira Vanda , Marques José C. , Câmara José S. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA RP‐HPLC method with photodiode array detection (DAD) was developed to separate, identify and quantify simultaneously the most representative phenolic compounds present in Madeira and Canary Islands wines. The optimized chromatographic method was carefully validated in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy and sensitivity. A high repeatability and a good stability of phenolics retention times (< 3%) were obtained, as well as relative peak area. Also high recoveries were achieved, over 80.3%. Polyphenols calibration curves showed a good linearity (r2 >0.994) within test ranges. Detection limits ranged between 0.03 and 11.5 μg/mL for the different polyphenols. A good repeatability was obtained, with intra‐day variations less than 7.9%. The described method was successfully applied to quantify several polyphenols in 26 samples of different kinds of wine (red, rosé and white wines) from Madeira and Canary Islands. Gallic acid was by far the most predominant acid. It represents more than 65% of all phenolics, followed by p‐coumaric and caffeic acids. The major flavonoid found in Madeira wines was trans‐resveratrol. In some wines, (–)‐epicatechin was also found in highest amount. Canary wines were shown to be rich in gallic, caffeic and p‐coumaric acids and quercetin.
Enantioseparation of kavain on Chiralpak IA under normal‐phase, polar organic and reversed‐phase conditions
Authors: Cirilli Roberto , Ferretti Rosella , Gallinella Bruno , Bilia Anna Rita , Vincieri Franco Francesco , La Torre Francesco 
Published: June 2008

AbstractFirst baseline HPLC enantioseparation of kavain is described. Complete enantiodiscrimination was achieved on the immobilised‐type Chiralpak IA chiral stationary phase (CSP) using pure methanol and simple methanol‐water and ethanol‐water mixtures as eluents. A water‐dependent enantioselectivity was clearly demonstrated. Performance of the Chiralpak IA CSP in polar organic and RP conditions was compared with that of five coated polysaccharide‐derived CSPs used in normal‐phase mode.
Determination of aluminium using high performance chelation ion chromatography
Authors: Tria Juliette , Haddad Paul R. , Nesterenko Pavel N. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe suitability of high performance chelation ion chromatography (HPCIC) using postcolumn reaction for the separation and determination of dissolved aluminium in complex samples was investigated. Use of a chelating ion‐exchanger allowed for differentiation between kinetically labile and kinetically stable species of aluminium. Separation through a combination of chelation and cation‐exchange was achieved using a 200×4.0 mm id column packed with particles of silica functionalised with iminodiacetic acid, with nitric acid–potassium chloride eluents. A temperature anomaly causing a five‐fold increase in column efficiency for aluminium is believed to be a result of localised temperature effects in the particular type of instrument used. Postcolumn reagents investigated for the photometric detection included Tiron, Pyrocatechol Violet, Chrome Azurol S, and Eriochrome® Cyanine R. The lowest detection limit (2.7 μg/L for a 100 μL sample volume) was achieved using 0.25 mM Eriochrome Cyanine R in 0.2 M hexamine (pH 6.1) with 1 mM cetyltrimethylpyridium bromide (CTAB). The optimised HPCIC system was applied successfully to the quantification of labile aluminium in paper mill process water.
Protoporphyrin IX fluorescence photobleaching is a useful tool to predict the response of rat ovarian cancer following hexaminolevulinate photodynamic therapy
Authors: Ascencio Manuel , Collinet Pierre , Farine M.O. , Mordon Serge 
Published: June 2008

AbstractObjectiveAccurate dosimetry was shown to be critical to achieve effective photodynamic therapy (PDT). This study aimed to assess the reliability of in vivo protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence photobleaching as a predictive tool of the hexaminolevulinate PDT (HAL‐PDT) response in a rat model of advanced ovarian cancer.Materials and MethodsIntraperitoneal 106 NuTu 19 cells were injected in 26 female rats Fisher 344. Peritoneal carcinomatosis was obtained 26 days post‐tumor induction. Four hours post‐intraperitoneal HAL (Photocure ASA, Oslo, Norway) injection, a laparoscopic procedure (D‐light AutoFluorescence system, Karl Storz endoscope, Tuttlingen, Germany) and a fluorescence examination were made for 22 rats. The first group (LASER group, n = 26) was illuminated with laser light using a 532 nm KTP laser (Laser Quantum, Stockport, UK) on 1 cm2 surface at 45 J/cm2. The second group (NO LASER group, n = 26) served as controls. Biopsies were taken 24 hours after PDT. Semi‐quantitative histology was performed and necrosis value was determined: 0—no necrosis to 4—full necrosis. Fluorescence was monitored before and after illumination on complete responders (NV = 3–4; n = 20) and non‐responders (NV = 0–2; n = 6).ResultsHigh PpIX photobleaching corresponded with complete responders whereas low photobleaching corresponded with non‐responders (P<0.05). A direct linear correlation was shown between photobleaching and necrosis (R2 = 0.89).ConclusionIn vivo PpIX fluorescence photobleaching is useful to predict the tissue response to HAL‐PDT. Lesers Surg. Med. 40:332–341, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Histological and modeling study of skin thermal injury to 2.0 μm laser irradiation
Authors: Chen Bo , Thomsen Sharon L. , Thomas Robert J. , Oliver Jeffrey , Welch Ashley J. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveQualitative and quantitative gross histopathologic studies of skin damage were performed at 48 hours after irradiation with a 2.0 µm thulium CW laser to determine the mechanisms of laser effects in the skin under various exposure conditions.Study Design/Materials and MethodsPig skin lesions were created at, below and beyond the threshold irradiation conditions for grossly apparent thermal lesions. Histological sections of these lesions were studied. For each threshold lesion, four quantitative histopathlogical parameters were measured: the widths of (1) epidermal necrosis at the surface, (2) the outer boundary of the thrombosis zone, (3) the depth of vascular thrombosis, and (4) the depth of perivascular inflammation (increased infiltrates of inflammatory cells) and edema. The quantitative histopathologic data were compared with predictions using an optical‐thermal‐damage model.ResultsHistologically, the thermal damage mechanisms for grossly apparent threshold lesions of persistent redness at 48 hours included necrosis of the epidermal cells, intravascular thrombosis and perivascular inflammation and edema in dermal blood vessels. At irradiation levels just below ‘gross threshold’, non‐lethal thermal effects, such as perivascular inflammation and edema were found in the histological sections. When the radiation reached about 1.5–2.5 times beyond the threshold, decrease of dermal collagen birefringence was observed.ConclusionsA sequence of damage endpoints was defined in the skin as power increased. By choosing rate process coefficients to match specific mechanisms of lethal thermal damage, the optical‐thermal‐damage model is capable of predicting various types of thermal injury in the skin, such as epidermal necrosis, vascular thrombosis, and dermal collagen coagulation. Lesers Surg. Med. 40:358–370, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biochemical and morphological analysis of dentin following selective caries removal with a fluorescence‐controlled Er:YAG laser
Authors: Jepsen Søren , Açil Yahya , Peschel Thorsten , Kargas Konstantinos , Eberhard Jörg 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveWe evaluated the endpoint of caries removal with a novel fluorescence‐controlled Er:YAG laser by biochemical analysis of dentin collagen and electron microscopy.Materials and MethodsFor the biochemical analysis 210 carious and 60 caries‐free teeth were treated by a fluoresence controlled Er:YAG laser (n = 240) or by conventional drilling (n = 30). A layer of dentin from the cavity floor was removed to determine collagen crosslinks hydroxylysylpyridinoline (HP) and lysylpyridinoline (LP) by HPLC. Thirty teeth were examined by SEM and TEM.ResultsApproximately 100% HP and LP were found in carious dentin, in contrast to 0.33% (HP) and 0.68% (LP) in sound dentin. Following caries removal by laser 0.84% (HP) and 1.26% (LP) and 1.56% (HP) and 2.48% (LP) (threshold level 5, respectively 10) were found.ConclusionThe biochemical and ultrastructural analysis demonstrated the suitability of the fluorescence controlled Er:YAG laser to remove irreversibly denatured collagen of carious dentin. Lesers Surg. Med. 40:350–357, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optimization of treatment parameters for Foscan®‐PDT of basal cell carcinomas
Authors: Betz Christian S. , Rauschning Winrich , Stranadko Evgueni P. , Riabov Mikhail V. , Albrecht Volker , Nifantiev Nikolay E. , Hopper Colin 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveBasal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are the most common form of skin cancers with high and increasing incidence rates. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with mTHPC (Foscan®) has shown to be a promising treatment alternative with good cosmetic results. The current study was aimed to determine optimal treatment parameters for this indication.Study Design/Materials and MethodsmTHPC‐PDT was performed in 117 patients with a total of 460 BCCs with diagnosis confirmed by scratch cytology. Treatment parameters were altered as follows: Foscan® dose 0.03–0.15 mg/kg, drug‐light interval (DLI) 1–96 hours, total energy density 20–120 J/cm2. Outcomes were assessed 8 weeks post‐PDT following WHO guidelines.ResultsThe overall rate of complete remissions (CR) was 96.7% and the cosmetic outcome was very good. In the largest subgroup (n = 80) where low‐dose Foscan® was applied (0.05 mg/kg mTHPC; 48 hours DLI; 50 J/cm2 total energy density), a CR rate of 100% with a high and narrow 95% Confidence Interval of 0.955–1.000 was achieved. Smaller variations of the treatment parameters (i.e., reducing the photosensitizer dose to 0.04 mg/kg or shortening the DLI to 24 hours) yielded similarly good results. Side effects were encountered in 52 out of 133 PDT sessions. They were more common in patients who had received high drug doses (0.06–0.15 mg/kg) and comprised mostly pain and phototoxic reactions. Three patients developed severe sunburns with subsequent scarring at the injection site following bright sunlight exposure 15–19 days after photosensitizer administration.ConclusionsThe presented data suggest that mTHPC‐PDT with the treatment parameters mentioned above seems to be an effective treatment option for BCCs. If sensibly applied, it is well tolerated and provides mostly excellent cosmetic results. Long‐term results are yet to be evaluated. Lesers Surg. Med. 40:300–311, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Long‐pulsed dye laser versus intense pulsed light for photodamaged skin: A randomized split‐face trial with blinded response evaluation
Authors: Jørgensen Gitte F. , Hedelund Lene , Hædersdal Merete 
Published: June 2008

AbstractObjectiveIn a randomized controlled split‐face trial to evaluate efficacy and adverse effects from rejuvenation with long‐pulsed dye laser (LPDL) versus intense pulsed light (IPL).Materials and MethodsTwenty female volunteers with Fitzpatrick skin types I–III, classes I–II rhytids, and symmetrical split‐face photodamage were included in the study. Subjects received a series of three treatments at 3‐week intervals with half‐face LPDL (V‐beam Perfecta, 595 nm, Candela Laser Corporation) and half‐face IPL (Ellipse Flex, Danish Dermatologic Development); the interventions being randomly assigned to left and right sides. Primary end‐points were telangiectasias, irregular pigmentation and preferred treatment. Secondary end‐points were skin texture, rhytids, pain, and adverse effects. Efficacy was evaluated by patient self‐assessments and by blinded clinical on‐site and photographic evaluations at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Adverse effects were evaluated by blinded clinical on‐site evaluations.ResultsTelangiectasia improved from LPDL and IPL treatments with superior vessel clearance from LPDL treatments (postoperative side‐to‐side evaluations, patient self‐assessments, P≤0.031, 3, 6 months). Irregular pigmentation and skin texture improved from both treatments with no significant side‐to‐side differences. No reduction was seen of rhytides on LPDL‐ or IPL‐treated sides. Treatment‐related pain scores were significantly higher after IPL (medians 7–8) than LPDL (4.75–5.5) treatments (P<0.001). Adverse effects included erythema, oedema, and transient hyperpigmentation. Patients preferred LPDL‐ to IPL treatments (P≤0.031).ConclusionThis study was based on two specific laser and IPL equipments, which found LPDL rejuvenation advantageous to IPL rejuvenation due to superior vessel clearance and less pain. Lesers Surg. Med. 40:293–299, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Irradiation with 780 nm diode laser attenuates inflammatory cytokines but upregulates nitric oxide in lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated macrophages: Implications for the prevention of aneurysm progression
Authors: Gavish Lilach , Perez Louise S. , Reissman Petachia , Gertz S. David 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesLow level laser irradiation (LLLI) has been shown to reduce inflammation in a variety of clinical situations. We have shown that LLLI (780 nm) increases aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation and matrix protein secretion and modulates activity and expression of matrix metalloproteinases. Inflammation is a major component of arteriosclerotic diseases including aneurysm. Macrophage recruitment and secretion of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and the vasodilator, nitric oxide (NO), are central to most immune responses in the arterial wall. The present study was designed to determine the effect of LLLI on cytokine gene expression and secretion as well as gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated macrophages.Study Design/Materials and MethodsMurine monocyte/macrophages (RAW 264.7) were irradiated with a 780 nm diode laser (2 mW/cm2, 2.2 J/cm2) during stimulation with LPS (0, 0.1, and 1 µg/ml). Gene expression of chemokines, cytokines, and iNOS were assessed by RT‐PCR. Secretion of interleukin (IL)‐1β and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)‐1 and NO were assessed by ELISA and the Griess reaction, respectively.ResultsLLLI reduced gene expression of MCP‐1, IL‐1α, IL‐10 (P<0.01), IL‐1β, and IL‐6 (P<0.05) when cells were stimulated by 1 µg/ml LPS. LLLI reduced LPS‐induced secretion of MCP‐1 over non‐irradiated cells by 17±5% and 13±5% at 12 hours (0.1 and 1 µg/ml LPS; P<0.01 and P = 0.05, respectively), and reduced IL‐1β by 22±5% and 25±9% at 24 hours (0.1 and 1 µg/ml LPS, P = 0.01 and P = 0.06, respectively). However, LLLI increased NO secretion after 12 hours (LLLI vs. Control: without LPS, 1.72±0.37 vs. 0.95±0.4 µM, P<0.05; 0.1 µg/ml LPS, 7.46±1.62 vs. 4.44±1.73 µM, P = 0.06; 1 µg/ml LPS, 10.91±3.53 vs. 6.88±1.52 µM, P<0.05).ConclusionsThese properties of LLLI, with its effects on smooth muscle cells reported previously, may be of profound therapeutic relevance for arterial diseases such as aneurysm where inflammatory processes and weakening of the matrix structure of the arterial wall are major pathologic components. Lesers Surg. Med. 40:371–378, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.