bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The lateral approach to acoustic tumors
Authors: Edwaed Maddox H. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe surgical experience of a decade of acoustic tumor surgery is discussed. This series involves 106 operations. A plea is made to use the “lateral” approach to the cerebellopontine angle which combines the trans‐labyrinthine and retrosinal routes when necessary. The facial nerve is preserved in 88% of the patients using this approach and the mortality rate is only 1 or 2%. The most common complication is cerebrospinal fluid leakage. The posterior, suboccipital approach in acoustic tumors is condemned. Statistics are presented that make the argument of “hearing preservation” by suboccipital surgery academic. Only 11% of the patients in this series of 106 had “good” hearing preoperatively and all of these had normal hearing in the opposite ear.
Round window membrane rupture
Authors: Goodman Paul M. , Morioka Wilfred T. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractRound Window Membrane Rupture is a surgically correctable cause of sudden hearing loss and vertigo. Reported is a 19‐year‐old male who had proven round window membrane rupture secondary to barotrauma. Surgical exploration revealed an abnormally large round window niche and membrane, possibly predisposing him to this injury. Diagnostic and therapeutic modalities of this entity are presented.
Genesis of the round window rupture syndrome; some experimental observations
Authors: Weisskopf Alex , Murphy James T. , Merzenich Michael M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractClinical and experimental evidence has revealed that rupture of the round window membrane, by itself, is not a major cause of sensorineural hearing loss. Eighteen guinea pigs underwent removal of the round window. The status of cochlear function was determined by recording the cochlear microphonic. An average loss of only about 6 db was observed after surgery.It is felt that there must commonly be more cochlear damage concurrent with window rupture to explain the significant and often relatively immediate hearing losses seen in clinical practice. The site(s) of this primary trauma has not yet been discovered, but it would seem reasonable in the light of recent reports that the perilymphatic vessels, the vas spirale, the stria vascularis and/or the integrity of the cochlear duct might be involved in the genesis of this hearing loss.We propose that the term “round window rupture syndrome” be used as a more accurate description of this entity. The round window damage provides evidence of more devastating trauma within the cochlea. Thus, the clinician, being alerted, should not stop his therapeutic efforts with surgical closure of the RW. Better prognosis for the patient, as well as leading into new avenues for the investigation of cochlear function, would be the result.
Spinal accessory lymph nodes: A prospective study of metastatic involvement
Authors: Schuller David E. , Platz Charles E. , Krause Charles J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe traditional radical neck dissection involves excision of the spinal accessory nerve en bloc with the soft tissue of the posterior triangle in an effort to remove completely all node‐bearing tissue. The resultant decrease in range of motion of the involved extremity and subsequent pain have prompted some surgeons to seek alternatives. The purpose of this study is to review prospectively radical neck specimens with the specific intent of evaluating the frequency of metastatic involvement of the spinal accessory lymph nodes with head and neck malignancies. Fifty neck specimens were studied and the frequency of cancerous involvement of the spinal accessory nodes was not found to be significantly different from nodal involvement of the entire neck specimen. The location of accessory nerve involvement was predominantly in the proximal portion which is not within the posterior triangle. The results are further evaluated with the subsequent conclusion that preservation of the spinal accessory nerve cannot be justified on the basis of infrequent involvement with metastatic lymph nodes.
Computerized tomography in the evaluation of head and neck lesions
Authors: Thawley Stanley E. , Gado Mokhtar , Fuller Thomas R. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe development of computerized tomography (CT) has been called the most important contribution to medical diagnostic techniques since Roentgen discovered the X‐ray in 1895. Over the past several years, the growth in technology and literature concerning computerized tomography has been rapid. CT is useful in evaluation of head and neck lesions such as lesions of the paranasal sinuses, the nasopharynx, base of skull, the larynx and neck areas. It is also useful in evaluation of intracranial complications of head and neck diseases. CT has added the horizontal plane in the evaluation of these lesions. The ease of obtaining CT scans and its non‐invasiveness are advantages. The most important single feature of CT that distinguishes it from other radiographic techniques is the capability of imaging of soft tissue. CT demonstration of bone destruction is not superior to polytomography. The transaxial orientation of CT planes seems to be particularly useful in certain locations such as the pterygopalatine fossa. CT is an additional diagnostic tool, but it has limitations of other radiologic techniques in differentiating histologic types. In this series, one case of ethmoiditis resembled carcinoma. In another, radiation necrosis was indistinguishable from intracranial metastasis. As technology advances in the use of CT, its application in head and neck lesions will be increasing.
The growth of cartilage from a free perichondral graft in the larynx
Authors: Rice Dale H. , Coulthard Stanley W. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAn attempt was made to promote the growth of new cartilage from a free perichondrial graft placed in a defect made in the canine cricoid cartilage. Three dogs had the perichondrial grafting alone, while two had both the perichondrial grafting and a full thickness buccal mucosal graft. In all these dogs new cartilage was found as early as four weeks postoperative.
Closure of tympanic membrane perforations by the use of fat.
Authors: Ringenberg Jordan C. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractOtologists have attempted to close tympanic membrane perforations for 300 years. It has been in the past 25 years that closure with autograft materials has been consistently successful. Homografts have been successful for the past 10 years.One of the autograft materials, ear lobe fat, has been in use for the past 15 years. Over this period 65 patients have been reviewed.This report reviews the literature, explains the technique and summarizes the results as to hearing, graft mobility and graft survival
Multiple congenital hemangiopericytomas of the head and neck
Authors: Seibert Joanna J. , Seibert Robert W. , Weisenburger Dennis S. , Allsbrook William 
Published: July 2007

AbstractHemangiopericytoma is a vascular tumor arising from contractile cells, the pericyte of Zimmermann. The neoplasms most frequently involve deep musculature; however, 16% occur in the head and neck region. The case presented here represents the rare occurrence of multiple congenital hemangiopericytoma of the head and neck.In older patients, these rather poorly differentiated tumors recur locally after excision in 50%–80% of cases depending on the organ site involved. Distant metastasis to lung or bone may follow. Congenital hemangiopericytomas appear to follow a more benign clinical course, possibly due to a more superficial location and a tendency to transform into hemangioendotheliomas. Recommended treatment is wide local excision and long‐term follow‐up.
Neurorrhaphy of the recurrent laryngeal nerve.
Authors: Sato Fumihiko , Ogura Joseph H. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe authors have experimentally performed neurorrhaphy and its modifications and nerve grafting with end‐to‐end anastomosis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in dogs.Recovery of a neurorrhaphy of the recurrent laryngeal nerve resulted in the bizarre and spasmodic movement of the vocal cords. These effects were recorded by means of electromyography and 16 mm cinematography to demonstrate restoration of nerve muscle function and vocal cord movements.From these results, it was concluded that these single modes were not adequate for restoration of laryngeal function, however, some specific attention is given to a few trophic changes of the affected muscles after a period of ten months postoperative.
Programmieren durch Vormachen für Assistenzsysteme – Schweiß- und Klebebahnen intuitiv programmieren (Programming by Demonstration for Assistive Systems – Intuitive Programming of Welding and Gluing Trajectories)
Authors: Meyer Christian , Hollmann Rebecca , Parlitz Christopher , Hägele Martin 
Published: July 2007

Zusammenfassung
Assistenzsysteme, seien sie mobil oder stationär, unterstützen den Werker im Produktionsprozess, beispielsweise bei Schweißarbeiten in kleinen Losgrößen. Für die Programmierung dieser Prozesse existiert keine etablierte Lösung, da die Vorgehensweisen der Industrierobotik nicht übertragbar sind. Das Konzept des Programmierens durch Vormachen ist ein Lösungsansatz, der mit der Programmierumgebung InTeach verfolgt wird. Die Komponenten des Systems und die damit mögliche schnelle und intuitive Programmierung werden am Beispiel von zwei Assistenzsystemen vorgestellt.
Increased Neurogenesis and Astrogenesis from Neural Progenitor Cells Grafted in the Hippocampus of GFAP−/−Vim−/− Mice
Authors: Widestrand Åsa , Faijerson Jonas , Wilhelmsson Ulrika , Smith Peter L. P. , Li Lizhen , Sihlbom Carina , Eriksson Peter S. , Pekny Milos 
Published: July 2007

Abstract
After neurotrauma, ischemia, or neurodegenerative disease, astrocytes upregulate their expression of the intermediate filament proteins glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin (Vim), and nestin. This response, reactive gliosis, is attenuated in GFAP−/−Vim−/− mice, resulting in the promotion of synaptic regeneration after neurotrauma and improved integration of retinal grafts. Here we assessed whether GFAP−/−Vim−/− astrocytes affect the differentiation of neural progenitor cells. In coculture with GFAP−/−Vim−/− astrocytes, neural progenitor cells increased neurogenesis by 65% and astrogenesis by 124%. At 35 days after transplantation of neural progenitor cells into the hippocampus, adult GFAP−/−Vim−/− mice had more transplant-derived neurons and astrocytes than wild-type controls, as well as increased branching of neurite-like processes on transplanted cells. Wnt3 immunoreactivity was readily detected in hippocampal astrocytes in wild-type but not in GFAP−/−Vim−/− mice. These findings suggest that GFAP−/−Vim−/− astrocytes allow more neural progenitor cell-derived neurons and astrocytes to survive weeks after transplantation. Thus, reactive gliosis may adversely affect the integration of transplanted neural progenitor cells in the brain.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Physics Computing
Authors: Nakano Aiichiro 
Published: July 2007

Abstract
Setting up a computer simulation involves a number of design steps: 1) Formulate a mathematical model to describe the physical phenomenon of interest; 2) discretize the model, which often consists of continuous differential or integral equations (i.e., calculus), into algebraic forms in order to allow numerical solution on digital computers; 3) select numerical algorithms to solve the algebraic equations efficiently; 4) translate the algorithms into a set of instructions, which constitute a computer program; and 5) perform a computer experiment by executing the program on a computer. Parallel computing has become an essential part of high‐performance computer simulations that require massive computations. Basic ingredients of physics computing thus include mathematical models, numerical algorithms, and parallel computing.

Introduction

Mathematical Models in Physics

Parallel Computing

Supporting Technologies
Genochondromatosis type II: Report of a new patient and further delineation of the phenotype
Authors: Isidor Bertrand , Guillard Sophie , Hamel Antoine , Le Caignec Cedric , David Albert 
Published: July 2007

AbstractEnchondromas are common intraosseous usually benign cartilaginous tumors that develop in close proximity to growth plate cartilage. Genochondromatosis is a familial skeletal condition with autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Genochondromatosis type I is a skeletal disorder characterized by symmetrical chondromatosis with characteristic localization: clavicle, upper end of humerus, and lower end of femur. The condition shows a benign course and is clearly different from metachondromatosis, generalized enchondromatosis, and spondyloenchondrodysplasia. In contrast, genochondromatosis type II is characterized by normal clavicles, but metaphyseal involvement of the hands, feet, knees, and wrists. To date, one family has been described with two affected individuals and possibly a second one with seven affected individuals. We report here on a boy with radiographic features of genochondromatosis type II. This report confirms that this disorder represents a separate clinical entity distinguishable for genochondromatosis type I. In addition, this report confirms the benign course of this rare disorder and will help accurate genetic counseling. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Variant Klinefelter syndrome 47,X,i(X)(q10),Y and normal 46,XY karyotype in monozygotic adult twins
Authors: Stemkens D. , Broekmans F.J. , Kastrop P.M.M. , Hochstenbach R. , Smith B.G. , Giltay J.C. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractKlinefelter syndrome (KS; 47, XXY) is characterized by increased body height, hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism, and infertility. We describe a patient with a variant KS (47,X,i(Xq),Y) who has a twin brother with a 46,XY karyotype. Molecular studies showed that the twins were monozygotic. The presence of an isochromosome Xq in one of two monozygotic twins allows precise investigation of its phenotypic effect. The patient was somewhat shorter (3.5 cm) and had a smaller volume of the testes (8 vs. 18 ml) as compared to his twin brother. Furthermore he had increased gonadotrophin levels and an extreme oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT). These data support the view that genes on Xp cause increased body height and genes on Xq cause infertility in KS. To our knowledge this is the first report on a heterokaryotypic monozygotic twin with a variant KS. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An 11q11–q13.3 duplication, including FGF3 and FGF4 genes, in a patient with syndromic multiple craniosynostoses
Authors: Jehee Fernanda S. , Bertola Débora R. , Yelavarthi Krishna K. , Krepischi‐Santos Ana C.V. , Kim Chong , Vianna‐Morgante Angela M. , Vermeesch Joris R. , Passos‐Bueno Maria Rita 
Published: July 2007

AbstractInterstitial duplications of 11q are very rare and seldom reported. In this paper we describe the first case of a duplication involving bands 11q11 and 11q12. This newly described patient has multiple craniosynostoses, congenital heart defect and developmental delay, and is a carrier of a mosaic duplication: 46,XY,dup(11)(q11→q13.3)(29)/46,XY(6). The breakpoints were further delimited by comparative genomic hybridization microarray. We also performed fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis to determine the extension of the duplication in a patient described earlier with a duplication 11q13.5–q21. An overlapping region of less than 1.2 Mb was identified and included the duplication of genes FGF3 and FGF4 in both individuals. We discuss the possible implications of dosage effects of these genes in the onset of craniosynostosis. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dental health indicators of hunter–gatherer adaptation and cultural change in Siberia's Cis‐Baikal
Authors: Lieverse Angela R. , Link David W. , Bazaliiskiy Vladimir Ivanovich , Goriunova Olga Ivanovna , Weber Andzrej W. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis investigation of the Cis‐Baikal dental record focuses on health and lifestyle reconstruction of the region's mid‐Holocene foragers, with particular interest in an apparent fifth millennium BC biocultural hiatus. The four cemetery populations considered represent two distinct biological and cultural groups separated by an apparent 700‐year hiatus: the late Mesolithic‐early Neolithic Kitoi culture (6800–4900 BC) and the middle Neolithic‐early Bronze Age Serovo–Glaskovo cultural complex (4200–1000 BC). Research focuses on the frequency and severity of seven dental health indicators: enamel hypoplasia, caries, alveolar defects, periodontitis, antemortem tooth loss, dental calculus, and dental attrition. Together, these seven indicators provide a basis not only for better understanding mid‐Holocene lifeways in the Cis‐Baikal but also for independently assessing the relative effectiveness of the different adaptive strategies employed by pre‐ and posthiatus peoples. Results reveal some discrepancies between the Kitoi and Serovo–Glaskovo, specifically in their relative vulnerability to physiological stress, providing evidence to support previous interpretations of their distinct adaptive regimes (namely the narrower resource base and decreased mobility of the former). Results also suggest that some of the differences observed among the four sites may reflect geographical or environmental factors rather than simply cultural ones. However, despite these distinctions, the overriding trend appears to be one of general continuity, social equality, and good health among all mid‐Holocene occupants of the Cis‐Baikal, pre‐ and posthiatus alike. Am J Phys Anthropol 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anwendung des ultraroten Spektrums in der chemischen Industrie
Authors: Luft K. F. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractDer vorliegende Aufsatz soll einen Überblick über den Stand der Anwendung des ultraroten Spektrums In der chemischen Industrie geben. Es werden die beiden Entwicklungsrichtungen dargestellt, die durch die Namen Registrierspektrograph und Ultrarotabsorptionsschreiber gekennzeichnet sind. Es sei jedoch betont, daß diese Übersicht keineswegs Vollständigkelt erstrebt, sondern die bei uns entwickelten Verfahren und Erfahrungen in den Vordergrund der Betrachtung stellt und andere, vorwiegend im Ausland durchgeführte Arbeiten nur soweit erwähnt, wie es zur Ergänzung und Abrundung notwendig erscheint.
Characterization of immunophilins in the silkmoth Bombyx mori
Authors: Somarelli J.A. , Coll J.L. , Velandia A. , Martinez L. , Herrera R.J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe FK506‐binding proteins (FKBPs) perform an extensive variety of functions in numerous organisms from archaea to humans. The FKBPs are distinguished by their peptidyl‐prolyl cis‐trans isomerase (PPIase) activity and ability to bind the immunosuppressive drugs FK506 and rapamycin. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of FKBP45, a novel member of the FKBP family obtained from U1 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) binding assays using Bombyx mori nuclear extracts. The protein, an apparent orthologue of FKBP46 from the armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, was found to associate with U1 stem‐loop I RNA in vitro. The FKBP45 cDNA was isolated and the genomic sequence was characterized, including the positions of exon/intron junctions and consensus splice sites. Using bioinformatics, transcription factor consensus binding sites were identified and subsequent Western blotting from developing eggs indicate that FKBP45 is differentially expressed during embryogenesis. A database was assembled using more than 1,800 available FKBP amino acid sequences and pairwise sequence alignments revealed several putative FKBP45 orthologues in various species. Analysis of these sequences revealed the position of an RNA binding domain within this new protein. In addition, FKBP45 possesses similar characteristics to several potential orthologues, including the presence of bipartite nuclear localization signals (NLSs) and phosphorylation sites. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 65:195–209, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A comparison of heat shock protein genes from cultured cells of the cabbage armyworm, Mamestra brassicae, in response to heavy metals
Authors: Sonoda Shoji , Ashfaq Muhammad , Tsumuki Hisaaki 
Published: July 2007

AbstractHeat shock protein (HSP) genes, hsp90, hsp70, hsc70, hsp20.7, and hsp19.7, were cloned and sequenced from cultured cells of the cabbage armyworm, Mamestra brassicae. Analyses of the cDNA sequences revealed open reading frames of 2,151, 1,914, 1,962, 540, and 465 bp in lengths, which encode proteins with calculated molecular weights of 82.5, 69.9, 71.6, 20.7, and 19.7 kDa, respectively. An increased expression was observed in all five genes after exposure to a high temperature. The induction of gene expression was not observed during a low temperature exposure, but was observed when the cells were recovered at ambient temperature. Expression of hsp90, hsp70, and hsp20.7 was induced after exposure to 2 μM of cadmium, while the minimum cadmium concentration for induction of hsp19.7 was 5 μM. The induction of hsp90 expression was somewhat masked by basal levels of expression. Only hsp20.7 expression was induced by exposure to copper. Lead did not induce expression of any of the HSP genes tested. Cadmium‐induced up‐regulation of hsp70 expression was lasted longer than heat‐induced one. These results suggest that hsp70 could be useful to assess the cellular distress or injury induced by cadmium. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 65:210–222, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hetero Analogues of the Antimicrobial Alkaloids Cleistopholine and Sampangine
Authors: Mink Kathrin , Bracher Franz 
Published: July 2007

AbstractHetero analogues of the alkaloids cleistopholine and sampangine were prepared in order to investigate the significance of the (aza)quinoid partial structures for antimicrobial activity. Several analogues containing amino or sulfone groups showed high antimicrobial activities, indicating that the (aza)quinoid partial structures of the alkaloids are not an indispensable requisite for antimicrobial activity.
Synthesis and Anti‐Tumor Activities of a Novel Series of Tricyclic 1‐Anilino‐5H‐pyridazino[4,5‐b]indoles
Authors: Li Rong Dong , Zhai Xin , Zhao Yan Fang , Yu Shuang , Gong Ping 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA novel series of 1‐anilino‐5H‐pyridazino[4,5‐b]indoles was designed and synthesized in order to find novel potent anti‐tumor compounds. Their structures were confirmed by MS, 1H‐NMR, and elemental analysis. All compounds were screened for their cytotoxic activity against two human cancer cell lines (Bel‐7420, HT‐1080). The compounds 8, 9, and 17 showed 50% growth inhibitory activity in low micromolar concentration (IC50 = 7.7∼︁12.8 μM). Among them, compound 17 displayed the most potent anti‐tumor activity with IC50 values of 8.2 μM and 7.9 μM against Bel‐7402 and HT‐1080, respectively.