bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new hybrid DFT approach to electronic excitation and first hyperpolarizabilities of transition metal complexes
Authors: Lin Jian , Wu Kechen , Zhang Mingxin 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe electronic excitations and the static first hyperpolarizability of three typical transition metal (TM) aromatic carbonyl complexes, two tungsten pentacarbonyl derivatives (W(CO)5L, L = Py and PyCHO) and one chromium tricarbonyl arene derivative (Cr(CO)3Bz, Bz = benzene), have been theoretically studied by a variety of density functional methods. The assessments reveal that most of the conventional DFT methods including local density approximation, generalized gradient approximation (GGA), and the various kinds of hybrid exchange‐correlation (xc) methods present the first hyperpolarizabilities of these TM‐containing molecules with large deviations from the experiments. A one‐parameter hybrid xc functional is introduced by using the Perdew‐Wang 1991 gradient‐corrected correlation functional (PW91) and the Barone's‐modified PW91 exchange functional (mPW). The ratio between the exact and the density functional exchange is determined to be 0.40 by the adiabatic connection method. The application of the new hybrid functional to the three organometallic carbonyl molecules results in the satisfactory agreement between the calculated first hyperpolarizabilities and the experimental ones. The second‐order nonlinear optical properties of the three organometallic complexes are addressed to the metal‐to‐ligand charge transfers, and the extended π‐delocalization ligands benefit the enhancement of the first hyperpolarizability. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009
Laboratory diagnosis of syphilis with automated immunoassays
Authors: Marangoni Antonella , Moroni Alessandra , Accardo Silvia , Cevenini Roberto 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe serological detection of specific antibodies to Treponema pallidum is of particular importance in the diagnosis of syphilis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate diagnostic performances of automated immunoassays in comparison with T. pallidum hemagglutination test (TPHA) and Western Blot (WB). The retrospective study was performed with different panels of sera: 244 clinical and serological characterized syphilitic sera and 203 potentially interfering samples. All the sera were tested by Enzygnost Syphilis, ARCHITECT Syphilis TP, TPHA, and homemade WB. The diagnostic performances of the two assays were very similar: both Enzygnost Syphilis and ARCHITECT Syphilis TP performed with a sensitivity of 99.2%, whereas the specificity was 98.5 and 98.4%, respectively. Considering the suitability for automation, both immunoassays may represent a good choice as a screening test. However, the use of a confirmatory test, such as TPHA or WB, remains a must in order to avoid false‐positive results. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:1–6, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
First production of fluorescent anti‐ribonucleoproteins conjugate for diagnostic of rabies in Brazil
Authors: Medeiros Caporale Graciane Maria , Rodrigues da Silva Andréa de Cássia , Peixoto Zélia Maria Pinheiro , Chaves Luciana Botelho , Carrieri Maria Luiza , Vassão Ruth Camargo 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe laboratory tests recommended by the World Health Organization for detection of rabies virus and evaluation of specific antibodies are performed with fluorescent antibodies against the virus, the ribonucleoproteins (RNPs), or by monoclonal antibodies. In this study, we purified the rabies virus RNPs for the production of a conjugate presenting sensibility and specificity compatible with commercial reagents. The method employed for the purification of RNPs was ultracentrifugation in cesium chloride gradient, the obtained product being used for immunizing rabbits, from which the hyperimmune sera were collected. The serum used for conjugate production was the one presenting the highest titer (1/2,560) when tested by indirect immunofluorescence. The antibodies were purified by anion exchange chromatography (QAE‐Sephadex A‐50),conjugated to fluorescein isothiocyanateand separated by gel filtration (Sephadex G‐50). The resulting conjugate presented titers of 1/400 and 1/500 when assayed by direct immunofluorescence (DIF) and simplified fluorescence inhibition microtest, respectively. Sensibility and specificity tests were performed by DIF in 100 central nervous system samples of different animal species, presenting 100% matches when compared with the commercial reagent used as standard, independent of the conservation state of the samples. The quality reached by our conjugate will enable the standardization of this reagent for use by the laboratories performing diagnosis of rabies in Brazil, contributing to the intensification of the epidemiological vigilance and research on this disease. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:7–13, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prognostic value of combination of heart‐type fatty acid‐binding protein and ischemia‐modified albumin in patients with acute coronary syndromes and normal troponin T values
Authors: Liyan Cui , Jie Zhang , Xiaozhou Hu 
Published: January 2009

AbstractRecent studies have suggested that heart‐type fatty acid‐binding protein (H‐FABP) may detect ongoing myocardial damage involved in the progression of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). This study was prospectively designed to examine whether the combination of H‐FABP, a marker for ongoing myocardial damage, and ischemia‐modified albumin (IMA), a marker for myocardial ischemia, would effectively diagnose patients with ACS. H‐FABP values above 1.5 µg/l can be correctly measured via an ELISA and 6 µg/l is the currently used cut‐off value (1–3). We measured serum H‐FABP and IMA of 108 patients on admission within 12 hr after onset of chestpain and normal troponin T. serum samplesfrom ACS group (n=82) had decreased capacity of ACB [64 (61–67) U/ml] compared with non‐ACS ischemic chest pain group (n=26) samples [75 (71–78) U/ml] (P<0.05). The combination of IMA and H‐FABP usually had better sensitivity [96.3% (92.2–100%)] (P<0.05) and accuracy [92.6 (87.7–97.5%)] (P<0.05) than when individually used. Thus, the combination of H‐FABP and IMA measurements after initiation of chest pain may be highly effective for risk stratification in patients with ACS and normal cardiac troponin T. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:14–18, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of PCR methods for detecting fetal RhDin maternal plasma
Authors: Atamaniuk Johanna , Stuhlmeier Karl M. , Karimi Alireza , Mueller Mathias M. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBackground: Aim of this study was to establish the method yielding the highest sensitivity routinely used to determine fetal RhD type and gender from maternal cell‐free plasma DNA in different periods of gestation.Methods: Plasma DNA concentrations were measured from 46 pregnant women in different gestational periods and tested for RhD using three different PCR methods on exon 7: Thermal Cycler, Taqman method on LightCycler, and melting curve analysis on LightCycler. In addition, fetal gender was determined by PCR. Cell‐free plasma DNA was measured in 100 healthy volunteers as a reference group.Results: The mean value of cell‐free plasma DNA in the reference group was 10.9 pg/µL mean, (standard deviation (SD): 3.66) in 50 healthy women and 12.7 pg/µL (SD: 8.2) in 50 healthy men. In the firsttrimester of pregnancy cell‐free plasmaDNA was 14.9 pg/µL mean, (SD: 4.2), in the second trimester 15.4 pg/µL mean, (SD: 4.96), and the maximum was achieved in the third trimester of pregnancy 15.6 pg/µl mean, (SD: 6.49). TaqMan probes had the same accuracy, when compared with Thermal Cycler technology (46 samples, 6 failures). Using real‐time PCR with melting curve analysis 12 of 17 samples were correctly tested. Gender determination was correctly in 41 of 46 samples.Conclusion: RhD determinations with TaqMan and Thermal Cycler technology are useful methods for fetal RhD prediction. To increase the accuracy of RhD determination it is necessary to test on other exons in addition. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:24–28, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of anticoagulants on the plasma hyaluronidase activities
Authors: Sharma R. , Mahadeswaraswamy Y.H. , Harish Kumar K. , Devaraja S. , Kemparaju K. , Vishwanath B.S. , Girish K.S. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractMammalian hyaluronidases (HAases) are an endo‐β‐N‐acetyl‐hexosaminidases that degrade hyaluronan (HA) and have been implicated in diverse pathophysiological functions. Several pathological conditions, such as diabetes, monoclonal gammapathy, and bladder and prostate tumors, report the distorted plasma HAase activity. However, the plasma HAase (hHyal‐1) activity has been presumed to change with the circulating HA level and serves as an early marker for several diseases. It has been generally practised to use the anticoagulants such as tri‐sodium citrate/di‐sodium EDTA/heparin for the preparation of plasma for both biochemical and clinical analyses. In the present investigation, theeffect of anticoagulants on plasma HAaseactivity was evaluated and compared with the serum HAase activity that is devoid of anticoagulants as no study provides information in this regard. The results suggested that the plasma HAase activity in the presence of the recommended concentration of EDTA was highly comparable/similar to that of the serum HAase activity. In contrast, citrated or heparinized plasma recorded a significantly reduced level of activity than that of the serum HAase activity. In conclusion, our results suggested that the EDTA‐treated plasma samples are a better choice compared with heparin and citrated samples to assess the HAase activity. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:29–33, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Magnesium and calcium in exhaled breath condensate of children with asthma and gastroesophageal reflux disease
Authors: Dodig Slavica , Vlašić Željka , Čepelak Ivana , Zrinski Topić Renata , Turkalj Mirjana , Nogalo Boro 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBackground: Magnesium and calcium physiologic functions are closely related. Magnesium is primarily an intracellular cation, the action of which also involves maintenance of cellular ionic balance, while influencing calcium homeostasis by blocking calcium channels. The aim of this study was to compare the concentrations of magnesium and calcium in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of children with asthma and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).Subjects and methods: EBC was collected from 66 children aged 7–14 years (23 children with acute asthma, 17 children with GERD, and 26 healthy children).Determination of magnesium and calciumconcentrations was preceded by optimization and validation for low concentrations.Results: No difference was recorded for either magnesium or calcium concentration between study groups. However, the magnesium to calcium ratio was statistically significantly lower in both GERD and asthma children as compared with control group.Conclusion: Study results showed the magnesium to calcium ratio to be a statistically significantly better indicator of certain pathologic changes than absolute concentration of either ion. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:34–39, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A rapid enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay with two modes of detection for measuring cytokine concentration
Authors: Miwa Keishi , Shibayama Naoko , Moriguchi Takeshi , Goto Junko , Yanagisawa Masahiko , Yamazaki Yoshiaki , Jung Giman , Matsuda Kenichi 
Published: January 2009

AbstractInterleukin (IL)‐6 and IL‐8 were measured in 101 serum samples collected from eight intensive‐care unit patients using a polystyrene‐based stick enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (STICKELISA) system. This system consisted of an immobilized‐antibody ELISA stick and a noncontact spectrophotometer. Cytokine concentration was detected by two ways: first, rapidly and semi‐quantitatively by naked‐eye observation of the color change and second, quantitatively using the spectrophotometer for accurate concentration determination. The spectrophotometric assay enabled the quantitation of as little as 100 pg/mL cytokine and took only 45 min to complete. There was a good agreement between the STICKELISA observations and data ob‐tained using a plate ELISA system. The agreement between STICKELISA naked‐eye observation and plate ELISA determination was 94 and 85% for IL‐6 and IL‐8, respectively. The correlation coefficients between the STICKELISA spectrophotometric determination and plate ELISA determination were 0.88 and 0.91 for IL‐6 and IL‐8, respectively, in a 0.1–5 ng/mL cytokine concentration range. These results demonstrate that the STICKELISA system is a simple, rapid, and quantitative method for bedside cytokine measurement in critical‐care settings. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:40–44, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Establishment of a cut‐point value of serum TNF‐α levels in the metabolic syndrome
Authors: Gurrola‐Díaz Carmen M. , Sánchez‐Enriquez Sergio , Oregon‐Romero Edith , García‐López Pedro M. , Garzón de la Mora Pedro , Bastidas‐Ramírez Blanca E. , González‐Hita Mercedes , Muñoz‐Valle José F. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractCardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes are the major causes of mortality in Mexico. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of factors that increase the risk to develop such diseases. Previous studies have shown that MS is associated with high tumor necrosis factor (TNF‐α) levels. In fact, TNF‐α has been proposed to be a useful marker for clinical diagnosis of inflammation at an early stage. Therefore, we analyzed TNF‐α concentrations in Mexican individuals with or without MS and related these levels to the associated MS components. Clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical data were analyzed in 41 healthy and 39 MS individuals. Individuals were similarly grouped by age and gender.The serum TNF‐α levels measured bya highly sensitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit were increased significantly in MS subjects compared with healthy individuals (P<0.001). The assay showed 78.1% sensitivity and 61.5% specificity with a cut‐point level of 1.36 pg/mL. TNF‐α levels higher than the cut‐point value were correlated with insulin resistance indices. These findings support the hypothesis that serum TNF‐α concentration could be a useful marker for early MS diagnosis. Nevertheless, we suggest the establishment of specific cut‐point values in each studied population to evaluate potential clinical applications. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:51–56, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cellular immune response profile in patients with American tegumentary leishmaniasis prior and post chemotherapy treatment
Authors: Reis Luiza C. , Brito Maria Edilenza F. , Souza Marina A. , Medeiros Angela C.R. , Silva Claudio J. , Luna Carlos F. , Pereira Valéria R.A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn this study, we have the objective of evaluating the lymphoproliferative response and determining interferon (IFN)‐γ and interleukin (IL)‐10 cytokine production in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with American tegumentary leishmaniasis prior and post 12 months of chemotherapy treatment with meglumine antimoniate compared with the PBMC of noninfected donors. Lymphoproliferation, such as cytokine production, was evaluated through in vitro stimulus with the soluble antigenic fraction from Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis promastigotes (1.25 µg/ml) and Concanavalin A (2.5 µg/ml). Patients showed a significant lymphoproliferative response prior and post treatment compared with the control group. Similar result, prior to chemotherapy treatment, was observed in IFN‐γ and IL‐10 production when patients were compared with the control group. After chemotherapy treatment, PBMC lymphoproliferative response of the patients revealed an increase, whereas patients have shown a decrease in IFN‐γ levels and an increase in IL‐10, although without statistical difference. These results may indicate that the patients produced a specific cellular response to the soluble antigenic fraction suggesting that besides Th1 and Th2 dichotomy, immunological regulation mechanisms with the participation of memory T cells and regulatory T cells could be present in the clinical evolution of these patients. This understanding will allow the study and identification of new L. (V.) braziliensis molecules potentially candidates to vaccines. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:63–69, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Using viscosity‐time plots of Escherichia coli cells undergoing chemical lysis to measure the impact of physiological changes occurring during batch cell growth
Authors: Kong Simyee , Day Andrew F. , O'Kennedy Ronan D. , Shamlou Parviz A. , Titchener‐Hooker Nigel J. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Viscosity–time plots for plasmid‐bearing E. coli cells undergoing alkaline lysis are reported in this study. The plots demonstrate generic features that reflect the progress of fermentation and allow an assessment of the genomic DNA denaturation following cellular release into the alkaline solution. This rheological analysis could offer useful insights to the state of fermentation or the selection of operational specifications and predictions of the performance of subsequent downstream operations.RESULTS: Studies showed a distinct change in the rheological profile throughout the batch fermentation, with different viscosity versus time profiles for lag, exponential and stationary microbial growth phases. The DNA denaturation time was found to increase with fermentation time from about 120 s after 3 h of fermentation to about 180 s after 7 h of fermentation.CONCLUSION: The increase of denaturation time was mainly caused by a rise in the genomic content of cells during the exponential growth phase. The viscosity–time profiles were found to provide a good indication of the cellular contents, reflecting the physiological changes occurring during a batch fermentation process. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
In situ SEM indentation experiments: Instruments, methodology, and applications
Authors: Ghisleni Rudy , Rzepiejewska‐Malyska Karolina , Philippe Laetitia , Schwaller Patrick , Michler Johann 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to present the design and capabilities of two in situ scanning electron microscope (SEM) indentation instruments covering a large load range from μN to N. The capabilities and advantages of in situ SEM indentation are illustrated by two applications: indentation of a thin film and a nanowire. All the experiments were performed on electrodeposited cobalt, whose outstanding magnetic properties make it a candidate material for MEMS and NEMS devices. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In vivo comparison of 2′‐O‐methyl phosphorothioate and morpholino antisense oligonucleotides for Duchenne muscular dystrophy exon skipping
Authors: Heemskerk Hans A. , de Winter Christa L. , de Kimpe Sjef J. , van Kuik‐Romeijn Petra , Heuvelmans Niki , Platenburg Gerard J. , van Ommen Gert‐Jan B. , van Deutekom Judith C. T. , Aartsma‐Rus Annemieke 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBackgroundAntisense‐mediated exon skipping is a putative treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Using antisense oligonucleotides (AONs), the disrupted DMD reading frame is restored, allowing generation of partially functional dystrophin and conversion of a severe Duchenne into a milder Becker muscular dystrophy phenotype. In vivo studies are mainly performed using 2′‐O‐methyl phosphorothioate (2OMePS) or morpholino (PMO) AONs. These compounds were never directly compared.Methodsmdx and humanized (h)DMD mice were injected intramuscularly and intravenously with short versus long 2OMePS and PMO for mouse exon 23 and human exons 44, 45, 46 and 51.ResultsIntramuscular injection showed that increasing the length of 2OMePS AONs enhanced skipping efficiencies of human exon 45, but decreased efficiency for mouse exon 23. Although PMO induced more mouse exon 23 skipping, PMO and 2OMePS were more comparable for human exons. After intravenous administration, exon skipping and novel protein was shown in the heart with both chemistries. Furthermore, PMO showed lower intramuscular concentrations with higher exon 23 skipping levels compared to 2OMePS, which may be due to sequestration in the extracellular matrix. Finally, two mismatches rendered 2OMePS but not PMO AONs nearly ineffective.ConclusionsThe results obtained in the present study indicate that increasing AON length improves skipping efficiency in some but not all cases. It is feasible to induce exon skipping and dystrophin restoration in the heart after injection of 2OMePS and unconjugated PMO. Furthermore, differences in efficiency between PMO and 2OMePS appear to be sequence and not chemistry dependent. Finally, the results indicate that PMOs may be less sequence specific than 2OMePS. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Concordant activity of transgene expression cassettes inserted into E1, E3 and E4 cloning sites in the adenovirus genome
Authors: Pham Linh , Nakamura Takafumi , Gabriela Rosales A. , Carlson Stephanie K. , Bailey Kent R. , Peng Kah‐Whye , Russell Stephen J. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBackgroundExpression cassettes can be inserted at several positions into recombinant adenoviral genomes but the implications of this choice for transgene expression level have not been determined. Knowledge of the relative expression levels of transgenes inserted at different sites in the adenoviral genome is of particular significance for transgene expression monitoring approaches that rely on the concordant expression of a marker transgene inserted elsewhere in the viral genome.MethodsThree expression cassettes, each comprising a cytomegalovirus promoter driving one of three marker peptides [serum carcinoembryonic antigen (sCEA), beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (βhCG) or human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS)], were inserted into E1, E3 or E4 cloning sites in a recombinant adenoviral vector backbone. High titer stocks of bicistronic adenoviral vectors coding for combinations of marker peptides were prepared. A panel of human cells of various lineages was infected with the vectors and expression ratios of the transgene‐encoded proteins were analysed. Serum levels of the soluble proteins and hepatic uptake of radioactive iodine were also compared in vivo in nude rats after intravenous vector infusion.ResultsHigh concordance of expression between the inserted transgenes was observed in all of the bicistronic vectors irrespective of whether the expression cassettes were placed in the E1, E3 or E4 regions. Concordance was maintained across multiple cell lineages. In vivo, in athymic rats, blood and urine levels of βhCG were highly concordant with serum levels of sCEA at all timepoints after intravenous infusion of the bicistronic vectors encoding both of these soluble markers. Hepatic radioiodine uptake was concordant with serum CEA concentration in mice infused with a bicistronic vector expressing CEA and NIS.ConclusionsThe expression level of a given transgene in an adenoviral vector genome can be accurately and quantitatively inferred from the expression of a marker protein encoded by a second transgene inserted elsewhere in the vector genome. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pericardial effusion presenting with anuric acute renal failure and hepatocellular damage
Authors: Khan Raza , Gessert Charles , Bockhold Stephen 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA 50‐year‐old male with anuria, creatinine of 5.5 and potassium of 6.5 was referred to our hospital for hemodialysis. Before hemodialysis could be initiated, his blood pressure dropped and liver function tests were found to be increasing rapidly. This prompted us to look for cardiac causes of liver ischemia. An echocardiogram was non‐diagnostic due to the patient's obese body habitus. Pericardial fluid was documented on CT scan. Pericardiocentesis was performed and nearly 1500 ml of bloody pericardial fluid was removed. This resulted in immediate urine output, with 80 ml in the first hour, and an increase in blood pressure. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2009;4:68–70. © 2009 Society of Hospital Medicine.