bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo1H MRS of WSU‐DLCL2 human non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma xenografts: response to rituximab and rituximab plus CHOP
Authors: Lee Seung‐Cheol , Delikatny Edward J. , Poptani Harish , Pickup Stephen , Glickson Jerry D. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractIn order to identify early 1H MRS metabolic markers of response to rituximab immunotherapy and to rituximab plus CHOP (cyclophosphamide, hydroxydoxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) combination therapy, we performed an in vivo MRS investigation of a non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) xenograft model. Human WSU‐DLCL2 NHL cells were subcutaneously implanted into flanks of female severe combined immunodeficient mice. When tumor volumes reached ∼600 mm3, rituximab was administered for three weekly cycles at a dose of 25 mg/kg per cycle with or without CHOP. Before and after treatment, tumor lactate (Lac) and total choline (tCho) were detected using the selective multiple quantum coherence sequence and the stimulated echo acquisition mode sequence, respectively. Rituximab produced a small tumor growth delay (∼5 days), whereas treatment with rituximab plus CHOP (RCHOP) led to ∼20% tumor regression after three cycles of therapy. After one cycle of rituximab, the tCho/H2O ratio had decreased significantly (5%, P = 0.003), whereas the Lac/H2O ratio had not changed (P = 0.58). Both Lac/H2O and tCho/H2O had decreased after one cycle of RCHOP treatment (26%, P = 0.001; 10%, P = 0.016, respectively). After two cycles of RCHOP, Ki67 assay of histological tumor specimens indicated ∼40% decrease in proliferation (P < 0.001) in the RCHOP‐treated tumors; no change was detected after treatment with rituximab alone. This study suggests that decreases in tCho/H2O are more sensitive indices of response to rituximab, whereas decreases in Lac/H2O are more sensitive to response to CHOP combination therapy. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Consistent interpolation of equidistantly sampled data
Authors: Rietsch Eike 
Published: November 2008

AbstractLet u1, u2, …, uN with un∈ℝ denote the values of a function recorded or computed at N real and equidistant abscissa values tn=nΔt+t0 for n=1, …, N. A consistent interpolation operator L, as defined in this paper, interpolates these function values for N new abscissas tn = (n+½)Δt+t0, the first N−1 of which are halfway between those originally given while the last one is outside of the original abscissa range. Application of L to these interpolated function values produces the last N−1 samples u2, u3, …, uN of the original data plus one extrapolated function value uN+1. Hence, L2 is essentially a shift operator, but with a prediction component. The difference between various interpolation methods (e.g. polynomials, Fourier series) is now reduced to the way in which uN+1 is determined. This concept not only permits a uniform view at interpolation by quite different classes of functions but also allows the creation of more general interpolation, differentiation, and integration formulas, which can be tailored to particular problems. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TPMTgenetic variations in populations of the Russian Federation
Authors: Samochatova Elena V. , Chupova Natalia V. , Rudneva Anastassia , Makarova Olga , Nasedkina Tatyana V. , Fedorova Olga E. , Glotov Andrei S. , Kozhekbaeva Zh. , Maiorova Olga A. , Roumyantsev Alexander G. , Krynetski Eugene Y. , Krynetskaia Natalia F. , Evans William E. , Ribeiro Raul C. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBackgroundPolymorphisms that reduce the activity of thiopurineS‐methyltransferase (TPMT) cause adverse reactions to conventional doses of thiopurines, routinely used for antileukemic and immunosuppressive treatment. There are more than 20 variant alleles of TPMT that cause decreased enzymatic activity. We studied the most common variant alleles of TPMT and their frequency distribution in a large cohort of multiracial residents in the Russian Federation and compared their frequencies in children with and without malignancy to determine whetherTPMTgene abnormality is associated with hematologic malignancy.ProcedureTheTPMTbiochip was used to detect 6TPMTsingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) corresponding to 7 TPMT‐deficiency alleles (TPMT*2,TPMT*3A,TPMT*3B,TPMT*3C,TPMT*3D,TPMT*7, andTPMT*8). We analyzed allele frequencies in the whole cohort, the childhood cancer group, and the non‐cancer group. We also characterized disease features and outcome according to the presence ofTPMTSNPs in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).ResultsFifty‐five (5.5%) study participants overall had heterozygousTPMTgenotypes (1 variant and 1 wild‐type allele):TPMT*1/*3A(n = 45; 4.5%),TPMT*1/*3C(n = 8; 0.8%), andTPMT*1/*2(n = 2; 0.2%).TPMTSNPs were more frequent in children with hematologic malignancy than in other participants (7.5% vs. 4.0%,P = 0.02). We found no significant association betweenTPMTSNPs and ALL treatment outcome (median follow‐up, 31.3 months).ConclusionsTPMT*3Ais the most prevalent variant allele in the Russian Federation. The estimated frequency of variant alleles in the study cohort (5.5%) was similar to that observed in the White populations in the U.S. and Eastern Europe. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;52:203–208. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immunization after the elective end of antineoplastic chemotherapy in children
Authors: Fioredda Francesca , Cavillo Michaela , Banov Laura , Plebani Alessandro , Timitilli Anna , Castagnola Elio 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe aim of the present commentary is to discuss the multifaceted topic of vaccinations after treatment for cancer in the pediatric age. Publications in this field reveal conflicting data and opinions; no evidence‐based guidelines currently exist. However, in spite of several discrepancies some commonly accepted information and conclusions exist. Efforts to find a common strategy of re‐immunization should be directed towards setting up prospective studies on sufficient numbers of patients to obtain statistically relevant end points. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;52:165–168. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impact of a prescription monitoring program on doctor‐shopping for high dosage buprenorphine
Authors: Pradel Vincent , Frauger Elisabeth , Thirion Xavier , Ronfle Eléonore , Lapierre Véronique , Masut Alain , Coudert Christine , Blin Olivier , Micallef Joëlle 
Published: November 2008

AbstractPurposeDoctor‐shopping (simultaneous use of several physicians by a patient) is one of the most frequent ways of diversion for prescription drugs. A specific method was used to assess the evolution of doctor‐shopping for High Dosage Buprenorphine (HDB) in a French region from 2000 to 2005 and the impact of a prescription monitoring program for HDB implemented in 2004.MethodsData from eight periods (semesters of years 2000, 2002, 2004, and 2005) were extracted from a prescription database. Three quantities (the delivered, the prescribed, and the doctor‐shopping quantity) were computed for each patient. The total doctor‐shopping quantity and the doctor‐shopping ratio (percentage of buprenorphine obtained through doctor‐shopping) were used to evaluate the diversion of HDB among the population. The total prescribed quantity and the number of patients treated regularly were used as indicators of the access to treatment.ResultsThe doctor‐shopping ratio increased from 1st semester 2000 to 1st semester 2004 (from 14.9 to 21.7%) and then decreased to 16.9% in 2nd semester 2005. The total doctor‐shopping quantity followed the same evolution. The number of patients treated remained stable from 1st semester 2000 to 2nd semester 2005. The prescribed quantity increased from 1st semester 2000 to 2nd semester 2002, decreased in 1st semester 2004 (4163 g) and then remained stable.ConclusionsAfter a four‐year increase of the diversion through doctor‐shopping for buprenorphine the beginning of the prescription monitoring program was concomitant with a marked decrease of doctor‐shopping indicators without notable impact on the access to treatment. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of mold insert fabrication for the processing of microfluidic chip
Authors: Shen Y.K. , Lin J.D. , Hong R.H. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe microfluidic chip has been used as an example to discuss different mold insert materials by micro hot‐embossing molding. For the mold insert, this study uses the SU‐8 photoresist to coat on the silicon wafer, then uses UV light to expose the pattern on the surface of SU‐8 photoresist, and coat the seed layer on the SU‐8 structure using thermal evaporation. The micro electroforming technology has been combined to fabricate the mold inserts (Ni, Ni‐Co) followed by replicating the microstructure from the metal mold insert by micro‐hot embossing molding. Different processing parameters (Embossing temperature, embossing pressure, embossing time, and demolding temperature) for the properties of COP film of microfluidic chip have been discussed. The results show that the most important parameter is the embossing temperature for replication properties of molded microfluidic chip. The demolding temperature is the most important parameter for surface roughness of the molded microfluidic chip. The Ni‐Co mold insert is the most suitable mold material for molded microfluidic chip by microhot embossing molding. The bonding temperature is the most important factor for the bonding strength of sealed microfluidic chip by tensile bonding test. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers
Ultrasonic diagnosis of the single screw behavior during extrusion—A case study
Authors: Sun Zhigang , Utracki Leszek A. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractUltrasonic diagnostic method of screw behavior during extrusion has been designed, developed, and carried out on a 63.5‐mm single screw extruder, equipped with either a basic conveying screw or a mixing screw. It was found that the screw behavior depends on the screw speed and the die pressure. Whereas initially at low speed, the screw centered by the hydrodynamic forces rotates smoothly in the axial position, at higher screw speeds and high die pressures the screw starts vibrating. Thus, (1) the screw tip vibrated with the amplitude of 10–210 μm as the screw speed varied from 5 to 100 revolutions per minute; (2) the screw vibrations in the vertical and horizontal directions were asymmetrical; (3) the vibration pattern repeated itself at every two revolutions; (4) the vibrations originated in the poorly aligned engagement in the gearbox sleeve when the screw was pushed deeply into it by backpressure; (5) once pushed in the screw oscillated at any screw speed or die pressure. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. Published by the Society of Plastics Engineers
Lyapunov‐based Model Predictive Control of Particulate Processes Subject to Asynchronous Measurements
Authors: Liu Jinfeng , Muñoz de la Peña David , Christofides Panagiotis D. , Davis James F. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis work focuses on state feedback, model predictive control of particulate processes subject to asynchronous measurements. A population balance model of a typical continuous crystallizer is taken as an application example. Three controllers, i.e., a standard model predictive controller and two recently proposed Lyapunov‐based model predictive controllers, are applied to stabilize the crystallizer at an open‐loop, unstable steady‐state in the presence of asynchronous measurements. The stability and robustness properties of the closed‐loop system under the three predictive controllers are compared extensively under three different assumptions on how the measurements from the crystallizer are obtained.
Pyroelectric properties of RbTiOAsO4 single crystals in the 4.2–300 K temperature range
Authors: Shaldin Yu. V. , Matyjasik S. , Tseitlin M. , Mojaev E. , Roth M. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe temperature dependence of the pyroelectric coefficient, γs, of RbTiOAsO4 single crystals grown by seeded pulling from high‐temperature self‐fluxes has been studied in the low‐temperature range. The results show that in the 4.2–250 K temperature range the γs(T) behavior is similar to those of the isomorphic crystals belonging to the KTP (KTiOPO4) family of compounds, and at temperature of 250 K the RTA pyroelectric coefficient γs = –(5.6 ± 0.3) × 10–5 C/m2 K. However, at temperatures above 275 K, the superionic conductivity increases significantly, while the electrical conductivity originating from the release of charge carriers associated with trace impurity point defects increases additionally above room temperature. These effects have been taken into account in experimental evaluation of the true γs values, especially above 275 K. The peculiarities revealed in the RTA pyroelectric coefficient temperature dependence are also discussed in terms of the structural changes associated with the temperature increase and isomorphic ion substitutions. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Exact expression for Drude conductivity in one‐dimension with an arbitrary potential
Authors: Schulz Michael , Trimper Steffen 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe electric current is calculated in the linear response regime by solving the Smoluchowski equation. To maintain a stationary current one needs the steady state distribution which differs from the equilibrium one. Due to the presence of an arbitrary crystal potential the conventional Drude conductivity is modified. We derive an exact expression for the conductivity in one dimension. The coupling between the applied electric field and the crystal potential leads to a systematic deformation of the potential that contributes to the renormalization of the electric field inside the system. The corrections to the Drude conductivity are determined completely by the configurational part of the partition function. The activation energy for the conductivity process is expressed by a combination of the free energy of the underlying equilibrium system. In case of a tight binding potential the conductivity offers corrections depending on the amplitude of the potential. The probability distribution for the charge carriers depends significantly on the electric field. As a further application we discuss nano‐contacts with piecewise constant potentials. The corrections to the electric conductivity are determined by the potential height. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Entangled photons from quantum dot devices: efficiency of post‐selection
Authors: Seliger Marek , Hohenester Ulrich , Pfanner Gernot 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe theoretically investigate the production of polarization‐entangled photons through the biexciton cascade decay in a single semiconductor quantum dot. A biexciton radiatively decays through two intermediate exciton states, where polarization‐entangled photons are emitted if the two decay paths differ in polarization but are indistinguishable otherwise. This ideal performance is usually spoiled by the electron–hole exchange interaction splitting the intermediate exciton states by a small amount and consequently attaching a which‐path information to the photon frequencies. We discuss post‐selection schemes to mask this which‐path information to an outside observer. We show how spectral filtering and time shifts at a single photon level affect the photon state. Here the solid state environment plays a crucial role in the effective measurement of intermediate exciton states. Evaluating our analytical results with realistic quantum dot parameters we quantify the applicability of suggested protocols for solid‐state based quantum cryptography. Our results indicate, that a high degree of entanglement is only reached by spectral alignment of the exciton states. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Assumed Peierls transition in NbS3 under pressure
Authors: Dizhur Eugene , Il'ina Maria , Zaitzev‐Zotov Sergey 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe effect of pressure on the conduction of the NbS3 quasi‐one‐dimensional conductor is studied. A pressure induced insulator–metal transition is observed. The transition is accompanied by an increase in conductivity by six orders of magnitude at room temperature and the sign of thermal coefficient of resistance changes at pressure of about 5 GPa. An additional stepdown‐like feature appears in the temperature dependences of resistance that is interpreted as a Peierls transition. The transition temperature TP depends on pressure as TP [K] = 7.5P [GPa] + 202. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mild method for bulk enrichment of high‐aspect ratio SWNTs
Authors: Vichchulada Pornnipa , Vairavapandian Deepa , Lay Marcus D. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis manuscript presents an effective method for the removal of amorphous carbon, metal catalyst particles and bundled SWNTs, while leaving long/undamaged SWNTs in aqueous suspension. This involves multiple centrifuge cycles at low rotational centrifugal force (RCF), facilitating the formation of suspensions of pristine SWNTs with lengths up to 5 μm. Electrical characterization of deposits formed from these suspensions demonstrates the efficacy of this purification technique for creation of thin‐film semiconductive materials.magnified image(© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Crystallization of Fe75Zr25 metallic glass: a two‐step process involving metastable bcc‐Fe and polymorphic transformation
Authors: Gorria Pedro , Garitaonandia Joseba S. , Pérez María J. , Blanco Jesús A. , Campo Javier 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe crystallization process of mechanically alloyed Fe75Zr25 metallic glasses is investigated by means of both thermo‐magnetization and in situ neutron powder thermo‐diffraction experiments in the temperature range 300–1073 K. It was found that the crystallization takes place in a two‐step process, involving firstly the appearance of metastable Fe and Fe2Zr crystalline phases between 880 K and 980 K, and a subsequent polymorphic transformation into Fe3Zr above 980 K. These findings explain the anomalous magnetization vs. temperature behaviour on heating–cooling cycles.magnified imageContour plot of the neutron diffracted intensity (λ = 1.28 Å) as a function of the Bragg diffraction angle and the temperature.(© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Correctness of the vertical discretization in hydrostatic atmospheric models
Authors: Bourchtein Andrei , Bourchtein Ludmila , Kadychnikov Vladimir 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis study is about properties of the vertical structure matrices of hydrostatic atmospheric models. The main focus of this research is the influence of these matrices on the well‐posedness of vertically discretized initial value problems for linearized hydrostatic atmospheric equations. One of the results obtained states that the vertical structure matrices arising in the usual local vertical discretizations have oscillatory properties, which ensure the positivity of their spectrum and completeness of the set of eigenvectors. In such cases, well‐posedness of the initial value problems considered is proved analytically. Another result is a relation between locality of the vertical approximation and well‐posedness. Based on numerical experiments it is shown that greater non‐locality can lead to ill‐posed initial value problems. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Observations of the development of convection through a series of stable layers during the Convective Storm Initiation Project
Authors: Bennett Lindsay J. , Blyth Alan M. , Browning Keith A. , Norton Emily G. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis article describes the development of convection through a series of stable layers on 20 July 2004 during the pilot project of the Convective Storm Initiation Project (CSIP). Convective clouds developed in south central England as a result of diurnal heating. They formed near the south coast and grew gradually as they moved northwards, eventually producing light precipitation. Several stable layers and associated dry layers (or lids) were observed by sequential radiosondes launched every two hours. Most of these lids were also detected by the Chilbolton L‐band radar and with a wind profiler as prominent layers of Bragg echo. One particular lid at 820 mb (1.7 km) inhibited the early development of the convection for about an hour, delaying the production of precipitation. The uppermost lid at 650 mb stopped all convection from intensifying in the CSIP domain.Estimates of the growth of convection through the lids were sensitive to the values of temperature and humidity chosen to represent the ascending parcels. The development of the thermals in the boundary layer was best explained by using the surface‐layer average values. Parcels would not have been sufficiently buoyant to reach the lifting condensation level (LCL) unless these values were used. However, such parcels in the absence of mixing would then have been too buoyant to be capped by the main lid at 1.7 km, as was observed by the radars. In fact the development of the cumulus clouds above the LCL is best represented by using 950‐‐1000‐mb average thermodynamic values.The results highlight the importance of predicting the altitude, strength and persistence of such lids in order to forecast the intensity, location and timing of convective precipitation more accurately. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Prediction of Photolysis of PCDD/Fs Adsorbed to Spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] Needle Surfaces Under Sunlight Irradiation Based on Projection Pursuit Regression
Authors: Yuan Yongna , Zhang Ruisheng , Hu Rongjing 
Published: November 2008

AbstractQuantitative Structure–Property Relationship (QSPR) model for predicting the photolysis half‐life (t1/2) of PCDD/Fs sorbed to spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] needle surfaces and irradiated by sunlight was firstly developed based on Projection Pursuit Regression (PPR), as a novel machine learning technique, by using the compounds' molecular descriptors calculated from the structure alone. PPR analysis for the PCDDs and PCDFs separately revealed that there is no correlation between them. Three molecular descriptors selected by the Heuristic Method (HM) for the PCDFs were used as inputs to perform Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and PPR studies. Both linear and nonlinear models gave very satisfactory results: the square of correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.828 and 0.893, the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) was 0.042 and 0.032, respectively, for the whole set. The proposed models can identify and provide some insight into what structural features are related to the log t1/2 values of compounds and help to improve the understanding for the photolysis mechanism of compounds under sunlight irradiation. Furthermore, this paper provided two new and effective methods for predicting the t1/2 values of the compounds from their structures and gave some insight into structural features related to the log t1/2 values of PCDFs.
Low‐frequency vibrational modes in blue opsin: A computational study
Authors: Thirumuruganandham Saravana Prakash , Urbassek Herbert M. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractVibrational excitations of low‐frequency collective modes are essential for functionally important conformational transitions in proteins. We have carried out an analysis of the low‐frequency modes in blue opsin based on both normal‐mode analysis and molecular dynamics simulations. Power spectra obtained by molecular dynamics agree well with the normal modes. A representative set of low‐frequency modes is discussed with the help of vector‐field representation. We thus demonstrate that terahertz spectroscopy of low‐frequency modes might be relevant for identifying those vibrational degrees of freedom that correlate to known conformational changes in opsins. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010