bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generation of floor response spectra including oscillator‐structure interaction
Authors: Igusa Takeru , Kiureghian Armen Der 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA method is presented for generating floor response spectra for aseismic design of equipment attached to primary structures. The method accurately accounts for tuning, interaction and non‐classical damping, which are inherent characteristics of composite oscillator‐structure systems. Modal synthesis and perturbation techniques are used to derive the modal properties of the composite system in terms of the known properties of the structure and the oscillator. Floor spectra are generated directly in terms of these derived properties and the input ground response spectrum using modal combination rules that account for modal correlations and non‐classical damping. The computed spectra, in general, are considerably lower than conventional floor response spectra due to the effect of interaction. They provide more realistic and economical criteria for design of equipment. The method is accurate to the order of perturbation and is computationally efficient, as it avoids time‐history analysis and does not require numerical eigenvalue evaluation of the composite oscillator‐structure system. The results of a parametric study demonstrate the accuracy of the method and illustrate several key features of floor response spectra.
A study of railway bridge/vehicle interaction and evaluation of fatigue life
Authors: Garg V. K. , Chu K. H. , Wang T. L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new vehicle model and the partial bridge model were used to study the dynamic interaction between an open deck steel truss bridge and a moving freight train. The responses in terms of dynamic stresses in certain critical members in the bridge were generated to predict their fatigue lives by using a reliability‐based methodology.
A hybrid method for three‐dimensional problems of dynamics of foundations
Authors: Lin Hong‐Tsung , Tassoulas John L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA method is developed applicable to problems of dynamics of arbitrary‐geometry foundations. Finite elements are employed in the near field in order to obtain a discrete solution. In the far field, a semidiscrete solution is synthesized from modes also calculated by the finite element method. The solutions are matched by applying the stationarity condition of a functional. Examples of application are presented in order to verify the validity and illustrate the use of the method.
Modal time history analysis of non‐classically damped structures for seismic motions
Authors: Singh M. P. , Ghafory‐Ashtiany M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe step‐by‐step modal time history integration methods are developed for dynamic analysis of non‐classically damped linear structures subjected to earthquake‐induced ground motions. Both the mode displacement and mode acceleration‐based algorithms are presented for the calculation of member and acceleration responses. The complex‐valued eigenvectors are used to effect the modal decoupling of the equations of motion. However, the recursive step‐by‐step algorithms are still in terms of real quantities. The numerical results for the acceleration response and floor response spectra, obtained with these approaches, are presented. The mode acceleration approach is observed to be decidedly better than the mode displacement approach in as much as it alleviates the so‐called missing mass effect, caused by the truncation of modes, very effectively. The utilization of the mode acceleration‐based algorithms is, thus, recommended in all dynamic analyses for earthquake‐induced ground motions.
Uplift in seismic response of pile supported buildings
Authors: El Hifnawy L. , Novak M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTo resist seismic overturning moments piles are often designed for tensile forces which require pile connection to the cap and sometimes, socketing. For typical buildings, this paper theoretically examines the effect of these measures on seismic response, forces and pile loading in dependence on pile numbers, configuration and tip conditions.
A comparison of time‐domain transmitting boundaries
Authors: Wolf John P. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA non‐linear interaction analysis with a (generalized) non‐linear structure and a linear unbounded soil is analysed in the time domain, based either on the sub‐structure method, which involves global convolution integrals, or on the direct method with local boundary conditions. Alternatively, the hybrid frequency–time‐domain method of analysis, which is an iterative scheme, could be used. Approximate local boundary conditions to model the wave propagation towards infinity on the artificial boundary used in the direct method of non‐linear soil–structure‐interaction analysis to be performed in the time domain are examined. A semi‐infinite rod supported elastically, which exhibits the same properties as certain unbounded soils such as dispersion and a cut‐off frequency, is used for the investigation. For a transient excitation, the superposition boundary with frequent averaging, the well‐known viscous damper and the extrapolation algorithm lead to good accuracy. Moving the artificial boundary further away from the structure (or more precisely, increasing the ratio of the distance of the artificial boundary to the wave length) improves the accuracy.
Wind erosion and intensive prehistoric agriculture: A case study from the Kalaupapa field system, Moloka'i Island, Hawai'i
Authors: McCoy Mark D. , Hartshorn Anthony S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWind erosion is a major problem for modern farmers, a key variable affecting nutrient levels in ecosystems, and a potentially major force impacting archaeological site formation; however, it has received scant consideration in geoarchaeological studies of agricultural development compared with more easily quantifiable environmental costs, such as vegetation change or fluvial erosion. In this study, soil nutrient analysis is used in the Kalaupapa field system, Moloka'i Island, Hawai'i, to detect an increase in wind erosion attributable to intensive agriculture following the burning of endemic forest. This practice began on a small scale in the 13th century A.D., expanded around cal A.D. 1450–1550, and continued until the near total abandonment of the fields after European contact in the 18th century. Nutrients that naturally occur in high amounts in coastal windward areas due to the long‐term, cumulative effect of sea spray were especially impacted. However, thanks to the unique landform of the Kalaupapa Peninsula, nutrient depletion in windward areas was offset by downwind enrichment and likely contributed to the long‐term sustainability of the system as a whole. Future research on tropical and arid agriculture should consider the cumulative environmental cost of increased eolian erosion attributable to anthropogenic landscape modification. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cutaneous phenotype and MC1R variants as modifying factors for the development of melanoma in CDKN2A G101W mutation carriers from 4 countries
Authors: Goldstein Alisa M. , Chaudru Valerie , Ghiorzo Paola , Badenas Celia , Malvehy Josep , Pastorino Lorenza , Laud Karine , Hulley Benjamin , Avril Marie‐Francoise , Puig‐Butille Joan A. , Miniere Annie , Marti Rosa , Chompret Agnes , Cuellar Francisco , Kolm Isabel , Mila Montserrat , Tucker Margaret A. , Demenais Florence , Bianchi‐Scarra Giovanna , Puig Susana , de‐Paillerets Brigitte Bressac 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe G101W founder mutation is the most common CDKN2A mutation in Italy, Spain, and France. As the background of modifying genes, environmental exposures, and sun behavior vary across countries, studying G101W carriers from distinct countries offers a unique opportunity to evaluate possible modifying factors in melanoma development. We evaluated 76 G101W cases and 59 carrier controls from France, Italy, Spain, and the United States. Hair color and dysplastic nevi distributions differed significantly in cases and controls across the 4 study groups. Cases also varied significantly for eye color, freckling, and nevi. The distribution of MC1R variants in cases differed significantly across study groups because 12% of Italian melanoma patients had ≥2 MC1R variants vs. >50% for the other case groups. Several MC1R covariates showed significant associations with melanoma risk in all groups combined and in the American, French, and Spanish samples; no significant findings were observed in the Italian sample. In multiple‐case families, the number and type of MC1R variants varied significantly between multiple‐primary‐melanoma and single‐primary‐melanoma patients from the 4 groups; there was also a significant decrease in median age at melanoma diagnosis as the number or type of MC1R variants increased. The variation in the effects of the cutaneous phenotypic and MC1R factors across the study sample suggests that these factors differentially contribute to development of melanoma even on a common genetic background of a germline CDKN2A mutation. Differences in melanoma risk across geographic regions justify the need for individual studies in each country before counseling should be considered. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Option prices, exchange market intervention, and the higher moment expectations channel: a user's guide
Authors: Galati Gabriele , Higgins Patrick , Humpage Owen , Melick William 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA vast literature on the effects of sterilized intervention by the monetary authorities in the foreign exchange markets concludes that intervention systematically moves the spot exchange rate only if it is publicly announced, coordinated across countries, and consistent with the underlying stance of fiscal and monetary policy. Over the past 15 years, researchers have also attempted to determine if intervention has any effects on the dispersion and directionality of market views concerning the future exchange rate. These studies usually focus on the variance around the expected future exchange rate—the second moment. In this paper we demonstrate how to use over‐the‐counter option prices to recover the risk‐neutral probability density function (PDF) for the future exchange rate. Using the yen/dollar exchange rate as an example, we calculate measures of dispersion and directionality, such as variance and skewness, from estimated PDFs to test whether intervention by the Japanese Ministry of Finance during the period 1996–2004 had any impact on the higher moments of the exchange rate. We find little or no systematic effect, consistent with the findings of the literature on the spot rate as: Japanese intervention was not publicly announced prior to August 2000, and since that time only publicly announced after the fact, over the past 10 years rarely coordinated across countries and, in hindsight, probably inconsistent with the underlying stance of monetary policy. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Guidelines on the use of therapeutic apheresis in clinical practice—Evidence‐based approach from the apheresis applications committee of the American society for apheresis
Authors: Szczepiorkowski Zbigniew M. , Bandarenko Nicholas , Kim Haewon C. , Linenberger Michael L. , Marques Marisa B. , Sarode Ravindra , Schwartz Joseph , Shaz Beth H. , Weinstein Robert , Wirk Ashka , Winters Jeffrey L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) Apheresis Applications Committee is charged with a review and categorization of indications for therapeutic apheresis. This elaborate process had been undertaken every 7 years resulting in three prior publications in 1986, 1993, and 2000 of “The ASFA Special Issues.” This article is the integral part of the Fourth ASFA Special Issue. The Fourth ASFA Special Issue is significantly modified in comparison to the previous editions. A new concept of a fact sheet has been introduced. The fact sheet succinctly summarizes the evidence for the use of therapeutic apheresis. A detailed description of the fact sheet is provided. The article consists of 53 fact sheets devoted to each disease entity currently categorized by the ASFA. Categories I, II, and III are defined as previously in the Third Special Issue. However, a few new therapeutic apheresis modalities, not yet approved in the United States or are currently in clinical trials, have been assigned category P (pending) by the ASFA Clinical Categories Subcommittee. The diseases assigned to category IV are discussed in a separate article in this issue. J. Clin. Apheresis., 2007 © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Iso‐guanine quintet complexes coordinated by mono valent cations (Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+)
Authors: Gu Jiande , Wang Jing , Leszczynski Jerzy 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe geometric structures, the interaction energies, the vibrational characteristics, and the electronic structures of the complexes of the isoguanine (isoG) quintet coordinated with mono valent cations (Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+) have been studied based on the nonplanar models. The geometry of the local minimum structure of the Na+‐isoG quintet complex deviates significantly from the planar structure. The geometric characteristics of the Na+‐isoG quintet complex support the experimental findings that Na+ is unlikely to induce the formation of the isoG quintet‐based pentaplexes. Similar to the guanine tetraplexes, the ionic selectivity of the isoG quintet‐based pentaplexes is largely dominated by the hydration energy of the cations. After hydration correction, the positive value of the free energy difference for the formation of the Na+‐isoG quintet complex (ΔGf) suggests that the isoG quintet is unable to capture the hydrated Na+. The negative values of ΔGf for the K+ and Rb+ complexes implies that both ions have the tendency to be inserted into the isoG pentaplexes. This study suggests that, to elucidate the high Cs+ selectivity of isoG pentaplexes, it is necessary to extend the model from the isoG quintet to the isoG decamer. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2007.
Analysis of the interfacial micromorphology of adhesive systems in cavities prepared with Er,Cr:YSGG, Er:YAG laser and bur
Authors: Aranha Ana Cecilia Correa , Eduardo Carlos De Paula , Gutknecht Norbert , Marques Marcia Martins , Ramalho Karen Müller , Apel Christian 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the interaction pattern of adhesive systems on laser and bur cavities. Cavities were prepared according to the following groups (n = 9): (G1) conventional diamond bur (No. 1013); (G2) Er:YAG laser (250 mJ, 4 Hz, 80.6 J/cm2); (G3) Er,Cr:YSGG laser (3.5 W, 20 Hz, 61.7 J/cm2). After cavity preparation, specimens were divided into three subgroups differing the adhesive systems used (n = 3): (GA) AdheSE; (GB) Clearfil standard error (SE) Bond; (GC) Single Bond. After insertion of a micro‐hybrid composite resin, the specimens were sectioned across the bonded surface dividing the teeth into two halves, which were prepared for SEM analysis. Cavities prepared with laser appeared to be more irregular than the bur cavities. Different patterns of gap formation and resin tags could be observed, showing the differences, advantages, and disadvantages of both types of cavities. Under the settings of the present study, resin tags were more pronounced in lased dentin than bur prepared dentin independently of the bonding systems used. On the other hand gap formation between dentin and resin in laser prepared cavities was observed suggesting collagen alteration. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diversity of the vomeronasal system in mammals: The singularities of the sheep model
Authors: Salazar Ignacio , Quinteiro Pablo Sanchez , Alemañ Nuria , Cifuentes Jose Manuel , Troconiz Patricia Fernandez 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe enormous morphological diversity and heterogeneity of the vomeronasal system (VNS) in mammals ‐as well as its complete absence in some cases‐ complicates the extrapolation of data from one species to another, making any physiological and functional conclusions valid for the whole Mammalian Class difficult and risky to draw. Some highly‐evolved macrosmatic mammals, like sheep, have been previously used in interesting behavioral studies concerning the main and accessory olfactory systems. However, in this species, certain crucial morphological peculiarities have not until now been considered. Following histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical procedures, we have studied the vomeronasal organ (VNO) and the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) of adult sheep. We have determined: (1) that all structures which classically define the VNO in mammals are present and well developed, providing the morphological basis for functional activity. (2) that, conversely, there is only a scant population of scattered mitral/tufted cells. One morphological consequence of both details is that the strata of the AOB in adult sheep are not as sharply defined as in other species; moreover, the small number of the mitral/tufted cells in the AOB may imply that the VNS of adult sheep is not capable of functioning in the way a well‐developed VNS does in other species. (3) the zone to zone projection from the apical and basal sensory epithelium of the VNO to the anterior and posterior part of the AOB, respectively, typical in rodents, lagomorphs and marsupials, is not present in adult sheep. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Overexpression of 14‐3‐3γ causes polyploidization in H322 lung cancer cells
Authors: Qi Wenqing , Liu Xiaobing , Chen Weiming , Li Qiang , Martinez Jesse D. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe 14‐3‐3 proteins are a family of highly conserved proteins that participate in a wide variety of cellular processes. Mounting evidence suggests that 14‐3‐3 proteins have a role in human cancers, however their role in tumorigenesis is unclear. Here we report that over‐expression of 14‐3‐3 γ protein in human lung cancer cell line H322 results in abnormal DNA replication and polyploidization. Cells that overexpress 14‐3‐3 γ are resistant to microtubule inhibitors and can reenter the cell cycle in the absence of mitosis suggesting that elevated levels of 14‐3‐3 γ may enable cells to bypass the mitotic checkpoint. Taken together, our data indicate that 14‐3‐3γ may contribute to tumorigenesis by promoting genomic instability. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Depression rating scales in Parkinson's disease: Critique and recommendations
Authors: Schrag Anette , Barone Paolo , Brown Richard G. , Leentjens Albert F.G. , McDonald William M. , Starkstein Sergio , Weintraub Daniel , Poewe Werner , Rascol Olivier , Sampaio Cristina , Stebbins Glenn T. , Goetz Christopher G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractDepression is a common comorbid condition in Parkinson's disease (PD) and a major contributor to poor quality of life and disability. However, depression can be difficult to assess in patients with PD due to overlapping symptoms and difficulties in the assessment of depression in cognitively impaired patients. As several rating scales have been used to assess depression in PD (dPD), the Movement Disorder Society commissioned a task force to assess their clinimetric properties and make clinical recommendations regarding their use. A systematic literature review was conducted to explore the use of depression scales in PD and determine which scales should be selected for this review. The scales reviewed were the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Hamilton Depression Scale (Ham‐D), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Zung Self‐Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Montgomery‐Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) Part I, Cornell Scale for the Assessment of Depression in Dementia (CSDD), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D). Seven clinical researchers with clinical and research experience in the assessment of dPD were assigned to review the scales using a structured format. The most appropriate scale is dependent on the clinical or research goal. However, observer‐rated scales are preferred if the study or clinical situation permits. For screening purposes, the HAM‐D, BDI, HADS, MADRS, and GDS are valid in dPD. The CES‐D and CSDD are alternative instruments that need validation in dPD. For measurement of severity of depressive symptoms, the Ham‐D, MADRS, BDI, and SDS scales are recommended. Further studies are needed to validate the CSDD, which could be particularly useful for the assessment of severity of dPD in patients with comorbid dementia. To account for overlapping motor and nonmotor symptoms of depression, adjusted instrument cutoff scores may be needed for dPD, and scales to assess severity of motor symptoms (e.g., UPDRS) should also be included to help adjust for confounding factors. The HADS and the GDS include limited motor symptom assessment and may, therefore, be most useful in rating depression severity across a range of PD severity; however, these scales appear insensitive in severe depression. The complex and time‐consuming task of developing a new scale to measure depression specifically for patients with PD is currently not warranted. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Ein schiefes Randwertproblem zu einer elliptischen Differentialgleichung zweiter Ordnung mit einer expliziten L2‐Abschätzung für die zweiten Ableitungen der Lösung
Authors: Witsch K. J. , Leis R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn connection with the free boundary value problem of determining the earth's surface from measurements of gravitational potential and force‐field (“the geodetic boundary problem”), an oblique derivative problem

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arises, where D0 is some bounded domain, star shaped with respect to the origin. In order to prove a uniquencess theorem for the geodetic boundary problem, it is essential to give estimates for (weighted) L2‐norms of the second derivatives of the solutions so that their bounds can be estimated numerically if bounds for the function describing the boundary are known. In this paper a Fredholm inverse for the above problem is constructed and the second derivatives of the solutions are estimated in the desired form.
Asymptotic expansions for central limit theorems for general linear stochastic processes. II: Models of the general random noise and pulse train processes
Authors: Butzer P. L. , Gather U. , Törnig W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis part is concerned with the applications of the theorems on error estimates for asymptotic expansions in the central limit theorem for general linear stochastic processes of Part I to two important typical models. These are the general random noise process and a class of pulse train processes that occur in stochastic signal theory and in a variety of digital communication schemes. The assumptions on the inherent structure of the general theorems turn out to be simple here.