bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
METABOLISM IN VIVO OF [3H] ANDROSTENEDIONE AND [3H] TESTOSTERONE BY ANDROGEN DEPENDENT TISSUES
Authors: Tveter Kjell J. , Aakvaag Asbjörn 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The radioactive material present in the different prostatic lobes and the seminal vesicles was isolated and identified after intramuscular injection of [1,2-3H] testosterone to adult castrated male rats. 5α-Dihydrotestosterone was the main metabolite, representing 70, 72, 49, 56 and 70%, respectively, of the total activity in the ventral, dorsal and lateral prostate, the coagulating glands and the seminal vesicles one hour after the administration of hormone. The corresponding values for unchanged [3H] testosterone were 16, 6.4, 23, 6 and 15%, respectively. In rectus abdominis muscle less than 0.3% was 5α-dihydrotestosterone, while 37% represented unconverted [3H] testosterone. Of the activity in liver, [3H]-testosterone accounted for 0.2%, whereas less than 0.1% was 5α-dihydrotestosterone.
One hour after administration of [1,2-3H] androst-4-ene-3,17-dione to adult castrated rats, the uptake of radioactivity in the ventral prostate was about 2.7 times higher than in skeletal muscle. In the ventral prostate, 32% of the total activity present at this time was represented by 5α-dihydrotestosterone, while 3.5% was unmetabolized [3H] androstenedione. The corresponding values for the seminal vesicles were 24 and 3.7%, respectively. In the 105 000 × g supernatant fraction of homogenized ventral prostate tissue, part of the radioactivity was associated with soluble macromolecules one hour after the administration of [3H]-androstenedione.
THE EFFECT OF HEPARIN ON ANDROGEN METABOLISM OF INCUBATED RAT ADRENAL SLICES
Authors: Lakatos K. , Koref O. , Steczek K. , Holló I. , Fürr L. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Following in vivo heparin treatment, incubated rat adrenals produce substantially less 11β-hydroxy-androstenedione from exogenous precursors, the ratio 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione/androstenedione, which is a measure of 11β-hydroxylase activity, being reduced.
THE METABOLISM OF GLUCOSE BY RAT UTERUS TISSUE IN EARLY PREGNANCY
Authors: Surani M. A. H. , Heald P. J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The oxygen uptake, lactic acid production and differential production of CO2 from [1-14C] glucose and [6-14C] glucose were examined in rat uterine tissue in vitro during the first nine days of pregnancy. After implantation had occurred the uterine areas containing the implanted blastocysts were studied separately from the remaining areas. It was found that the oxygen consumption of the tissues remained reasonably constant until day 7 of pregnancy and thereafter declined markedly in tissues from implanted areas and non implanted areas when expressed in terms of dry wt. When calculated on a DNA basis, the oxygen consumption of the implanted tissue still showed a marked decline by day 9 of pregnancy, whereas that of the non implanted tissue increased. Lactic acid production increased strongly in the implanted tissue but showed little change in the non implanted areas. The C1/C6 ratio increased significantly on day 3 of pregnancy and was consistantly and significantly higher in the implanted tissue in the non implanted tissue. The results are discussed in terms of the energy requirement for implantation.
THE SHORT-TERM MAINTENANCE OF THE ISOLATED SHEEP FOETUS IN THE LAST FIFTH OF PREGNANCY.
Authors: Pierrepoint C. G. , Anderson A. B. M. , Griffiths K. , Turnbull A. C. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A method is described for the maintenance of the isolated sheep foetus in the last fifth of gestation. The advantages of this particular technique are described in comparison with others previously reported. The simplicity of the technique without the need for exogenous blood or anticoagulants and the well-maintained physiological condition of the foetus throughout are the essential benefits of the method. The preparation has been used in the study of the metabolism of tritiated pregnenolone and carbon-labelled progesterone.
Preliminary results on the isolation of circulating metabolites are described.
THYROXINE BINDING OF PLASMA PROTEINS IN AUTO-IMMUNE THYROIDITIS
Authors: Bános Csaba , Takó József 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Agar gel electrophoretic studies were performed on 11 patients suffering from auto-immune thyroiditis in order to evaluate the distribution of tracer 125I-thyroxine in plasma proteins as well as their maximal thyroxine binding capacity. The thyroxine binding of the plasma proteins did not show any appreciable difference from that of the control group. Following treatment with 3 × 10 IU thyrotrophin (Ambinon®) the thyroxine binding capacity of prealbumin remained unchanged while that of thyroxine binding globulin increased in 5 of the 6 cases, the thyroid hormone secretion was normally enhanced and the serological reactions to thyroid auto-antibody formation showed no appreciable alterations. It seems unlikely that proteins other than the usual thyroxine binding plasma proteins are substantially involved in the transport of thyroid hormones in auto-immune thyroiditis.
THE EFFECT OF BLINDING AND PINEALECTOMY IN UNILATERALLY OVARIECTOMIZED RATS
Authors: Dickson Kenneth , Benson Bryant , Tate George 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Bilateral optic enucleation was observed to block partially the hypertrophy of the remaining ovary in unilaterally ovariectomized rats of a Charles River, CD strain. The inhibitory effects of blinding on compensatory ovarian hypertrophy (COH) were reversed when pinealectomy was performed at the same time as bilateral optic enucleation, three weeks prior to unilateral ovariectomy. Sham pinealectomy was without effect. When only pinealectomy was performed, a slight increase in COH was observed.
Serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were estimated by a modification of the Steelman-Pohley bioassay in control, blinded, blindedpinealectomized and pinealectomized rats following unilateral ovariectomy. The increase in serum FSH at four days was blocked by blinding, an effect which was abolished by coupling pinealectomy with optic enucleation. Pinealectomy alone was followed by an increase in serum FSH slightly above control values.
These experiments demonstrate the blockage of COH by blinding and the mediation of this effect of blinding by the pineal gland. They further suggest that the increased secretion of FSH into the blood following unilateral ovariectomy is reduced under pineal influence.
SUPPRESSION OF UTERINE ACTIVITY DURING MENSTRUATION BY EXPANSION OF THE PLASMA VOLUME
Authors: Fuchs Anna-Riitta , Coutinho Elsimar M. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Vascular volume was expanded in 10 normal, non-hydrated women with an infusion of 1000 ml of an iso-oncotic solution over 1.5 to 2 h and the effect of such treatment on uterine activity was studied on day 2-4 of the menstrual cycle. Three different plasma expanders were used and the results were similar with them all. The uterine recordings taken by means of a small intra-uterine balloon showed no immediate effect of the infusions, but about two hours later a marked suppression in uterine activity was noted in all and in seven instances the contractions disappeared almost completely and remained absent for two to three hours at least. Vasopressin elicited strong uterine contractions when the activity had been suppressed by plasma expansion. In a control group of 10 menstruating women who received no infusion, a decrease in uterine activity was never observed; on the contrary, the activity increased in 8 of the 10 subjects. In a group of ten receiving isotonic saline, uterine activity either remained unchanged or was somewhat reduced but much less than after infusion of iso-oncotic solutions. During the day a gradual decrease in the hourly diuresis occurred in the control group, whereas in the experimental group the urine output started to increase one to two hours following the infusion. The women receiving a saline infusion showed a slight transient increase in diuresis. It is suggested that the suppression of uterine activity following infusion of iso-oncotic solutions is due to reduction in vasopressin secretion brought about by the increase in vascular volume, and that endogenous vasopressin is a physiological stimulus for the uterine contractions during menstruation.
THE EFFECT OF COITUS ON THE ACTIVITY OF CERTAIN ENZYMES IN THE FEMALE RABBIT HYPOTHALAMUS
Authors: Frith Dona A. , Hooper K. C. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Previous work has shown that the activities of certain peptidases in the hypothalamus which inactivate oxytocin change with stimuli which are known to release gonadotrophins. In the work presented here the activity of these enzymes has been studied at various time intervals after mating in the rabbit. It is concluded that there is a relationship between enzyme activity in the hypothalamus and the release of luteinizing hormone releasing factor from the tissue.
THE ACTION OF SOME OVULATION INHIBITORS ON THE RABBIT HYPOTHALAMUS
Authors: Frith Dona A. , Hooper K. C. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The previous paper (Frith & Hooper 1971) described the activities of certain hypothalamic enzymes at various times after mating and it was suggested that changes in enzymes levels may be used as an index of the release of gonadotrophic hormones. Using this approach, a study has been made of the action of the ovulation inhibitors chlormadinone acetate, norethindrone, ethinyl oestradiol and oestrone on the rabbit hypothalamus. The four inhibitors increased enzyme activity in the hypothalamus. Previous work has shown that raised levels of enzyme activity are associated with a lowered level of gonadotrophic hormone secretion. It is suggested, therefore, that one of the sites of action of the inhibitors is on polypeptide turnover in the hypothalamus, and it seems possible that this is one of the factors controlling the availability of gonadotrophin releasing factors.
PROPRANOLOL-BLOCKADE OF VASOPRESSIN INDUCED INCREASE IN PLASMA PROGESTERONE IN EARLY HUMAN PREGNANCY
Authors: Fylling Petter 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Following continuous dilation of the uterine cervix or intravenous infusion of vasopressin during the first trimester of human pregnancy, a marked increase in the peripheral plasma progesterone levels was observed. This effect was blocked by simultaneous administration of propranolol (Inderal®), a β-blocking agent. It is suggested that both these stimulating and inhibiting effects might be related to 3′, 5′-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP). The results indicate the existence of β-receptors in steroid producing tissues.
HYPOTHALAMIC MONOAMINES AFTER THE NEONATAL ANDROGENIZATION, CASTRATION OR RESERPINE TREATMENT OF THE RAT
Authors: Hyyppä M. , Rinne U. K. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The content of hypothalamic monoamines in the early androgenizated, castrated or reserpinized rats has been studied. Female rats were injected intraperitoneally on the 4th day after birth with either testosterone propionate (650 μg) or reserpine (50 μg), and male rats were either injected with reserpine (50 μg) or castrated.
Primary catecholamines were demonstrated histochemically by the formaldehyde fluorescence method in the hypothalami of 30- and 60-day-old rats that had been so treated. Reserpine diminished the intensity of formaldehyde-induced fluorescence at 30 days but had no effect at 60 days. In castrated animals, a slightly increased intensity of yellow-green fluorescence was visible prepuberally in some arcuate cell bodies.
Quantitative estimations of noradrenaline and serotonin content in the hypothalamus and cerebral cortex of rats were in agreement with the results obtained in the histochemical studies. Only reserpine had a tendency to reduce the quantity of monoamines in 30-day-old rats, but was ineffective in 60-day-old rats.
The results are considered to support the idea that the effect of reserpine on the gonadotrophic hormone secretion might be mediated through hypothalamic monoaminergic system.
PLASMA PROGESTERONE LEVELS IN GOATS DURING PREGNANCY MEASURED BY COMPETITIVE PROTEIN BINDING
Authors: Blom Anne Kristine , Lyngset Olav 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Plasma progesterone concentration at different stages of pregnancy was measured in the blood obtained from the uterine artery (6 goats), the uterine vein (6 goats), and the ovarian vein (11 goats). Progesterone concentration was also measured in the peripheral venous blood before and after extirpation of the ovaries and the uterus (16 goats).
The concentration of progesterone was found to rise gradually in the peripheral and ovarian vein blood to reach a maximum at 90 days of pregnancy. This was followed by a gradual decline with consistent low values of about 7 ng prog./ml 3–4 days before parturition. A significant decrease in peripheral progesterone concentration was found 10 minutes after removing the ovaries and the uterus.
In two goats sampled before and after parturition, the plasma progesterone concentration was found to decrease before parturition and to remain low for at least three days after parturition.
METABOLISM OF DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULPHATE AND OESTRONE SULPHATE FOLLOWING IN SITU PLACENTAL PERFUSION AT MIDPREGNANCY
Authors: Schwers J. , Vancrombreucq T. , Govaerts M. , Eriksson G. , Diczfalusy E. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Two midgestation placentas were perfused in situ with a combination of [7α-3H] dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate and [4-14C] oestrone sulphate and metabolites were isolated from the placentas, perfusates and maternal urine specimens. Approximately 70 per cent of the perfused radioactive material was recovered from these three sources.
The bulk of the administered radioactive material was recovered in an unchanged form from the perfusates; some 2–4 per cent was excreted in the urine and less than 0.5% was found in the placentas.
The tritium to carbon-14 ratio of the unconjugated material isolated from the perfusates and placentas was higher, and that of the conjugated material recovered from the same sources was lower than the ratio of the administered material. In addition, more tritium than carbon-14 labelled material was present in the urine.
Approximately 2 per cent of the perfused dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate was recovered in the form of phenolic steroids, mostly from the urine. From this source double labelled oestrone, oestriol, 16α-hydroxy-oestrone and 16-epioestriol were isolated. The tritium to carbon-14 ratio of all oestrogens isolated from the urine was higher than that of the perfused material. From the urine specimens 10 to 15 times more double labelled oestriol than oestrone was isolated.
EFFECT OF ANTIGAMMAGLOBULIN-THYROXINE COMPLEX ON THE UREA EXCRETION OF TADPOLES
Authors: Medda A. K. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Antithyroglobulin (antigammaglobulin) isolated from thyroglobulin immunized rabbit sera inhibited the thyroxine-induced urea excretion and tail resorption in tadpoles. Albumin produced similar effects. Normal gammaglobulin fraction from rabbit sera or gammaglobulin, Fr. II, did not inhibit the action of T4 in tadpoles. The physiological consequence of thyroxine-protein binding is discussed.
BIOSYNTHESIS OF TESTOSTERONE AND OESTROGENS IN VITRO BY THE TESTICULAR TISSUE FROM PATIENTS WITH KLINEFELTER'S SYNDROME
Authors: Sharma Dinesh C. , Gabrilove J. Lester 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Testis tissue from patients with the chromatin positive form of Klinefelter's syndrome was incubated with 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and testosterone. The ratio of oestrogen to testosterone in the end products of the incubation utilizing 17α-hydroxyprogesterone as substrate was 5 to 10 times the ratio obtained in similar investigations employing testis from normal control subjects. An increased conversion into oestrogen of testosterone utilized as substrate was also observed in the in vitro studies of testis obtained from the patients with Klinefelter's syndrome. These data lend support to the thesis that in the chromatin positive form of Klinefelter's syndrome there is an increased conversion of testosterone into oestrogen in the testis.
DETERMINATION OF URINARY TETRAHYDRO-11-DEOXYCORTISOL AND TETRAHYDRO-11-DEOXYCORTICOSTERONE BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Koepp P. , Völlmin J. A. , Zachmann M. , Curtius H.-C. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A gas chromatographic method on glass capillary columns for the determination of tetrahydro-11-deoxycortisol (THS) and tetrahydro-11-deoxycorticosterone (TH-DOC) in urine is described. Using this method, the excretion of THS was measured in 15 normal children and 18 normal adults as well as in 4 patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. The range of THS excreted was 5–76 μg/24 h (mean 29 ± 22 μg/24 h) in normal adults and < 5–60 μg/24 h in normal children. After metyrapone, 4 normal adults showed a THS excretion of 990 to 8700 μg/24 h. In 3 patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to a 21-hydroxylase deficiency there was a slightly elevated and in 1 patient with 11β-hydroxylase deficiency a markedly raised THS excretion.
TH-DOC was not detectable in the urine of normal subjects but was found in concentrations of 120–1100 μg/24 h after metyrapone. The identity of THS and TH-DOC was confirmed by mass spectrometry.
SOME METABOLITES OF SPECIFICALLY TRITIUM LABELLED LYSINE-VASOPRESSIN: IDENTIFICATION BY THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY AND DETERMINATION BY THE LIQUID SCINTILLATON TECHNIQUE
Authors: Pliška V. , Barth T. , Thorn N. A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Specifically tritium labelled lysine-vasopressin, tyrosine2-3-T-lysine8-vasopressin was found to be suitable for the investigation of some aspects of the metabolic fate of neurohypophyseal hormones of the vasopressin type:
Specific labelling at position 3 of the tyrosine aromatic ring allows of the detection of some of the primarily formed metabolites, whereas the metabolites formed secondarily (by the cleavage of non-labelled primary metabolites) are not detected.
The hormone can be separated from the radioactive metabolites by thin-layer chromatography.
After elution from chromatographic plates the approximate amounts of the unsplit hormone and of the labelled metabolites can be determined by the liquid scintillation technique.
BIOIMMUNOASSAY OF GONADOTROPHINS
Authors: Petrusz P. , Diczfalusy E. , Finney D. J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A bioimmunoassay method to estimate specific immunological activities present in gonadotrophin preparations has been introduced (Petrusz & Diczfalusy 1969). The underlying statistical principles are described. A consistent system of unitage is proposed. Biological and immunological aspects of the proposed bioimmunoassay are discussed.
BIOIMMUNOASSAY OF GONADOTROPHINS
Authors: Petrusz P. , Diczfalusy E. , Finney D. J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The theoretical background and statistical aspects of a proposed bioimmunoassay method were described in a previous communication (Petrusz et al. (1971a). The present paper examines experimental conditions which are required to conduct valid 3 + 3 point parallel line bioimmunoassays and presents evidence that, under such conditions, the assay results support the theoretical assumptions on which the statistical model of the assay is based.
EFFECTS OF OESTROGENS ON SERUM THYROXINE-BINDING GLOBULIN CAPACITY AND ON THE PERIPHERAL METABOLISM OF THYROXINE IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS
Authors: Zaninovich Angel A. , Degrossi Osvaldo , Gotta Hector 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The effects of oestrogens on serum thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) capacity and on the peripheral metabolism of thyroxine were studied in patients with hepatic cirrhosis as well as in a group of normal subjects. Oestrogens increased TBG capacity in cirrhosis from 24.7 to 38.4 μg/100 ml whereas in normal subjects TBG capacity was raised from 22.8 to 48.6 μg. While the fractional turnover of thyroxine in cirrhosis did not change with the administration of oestrogens, the space of distribution was reduced. As a result of these changes, the extra-thyroidal thyroxine pool was similar to the pre-treatment values and hence the daily degradation rate of thyroxine remained unchanged.
ACUTE ENZYME HISTOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE ZONA GLOMERULOSA OF THE RAT ADRENAL CORTEX
Authors: Elema J. D. , Hardonk M. J. , Arends A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
In order to determine whether the increased enzyme histochemical activity of the zona glomerulosa of the rat adrenal cortex, as seen after peritoneal dialysis with 5 % glucose, is mediated by the renin-angiotensin system, and whether the increased activity as seen after total nephrectomy is a direct effect of changes in potassium balance, the effect of suppression of the renin-angiotensin system and of depletion of body potassium on these findings was investigated. Suppression of renin-angiotensin system activity and depletion of body potassium was accomplished by treatment of the rats with 2.5 mg deoxycorticosterone acetate given subcutaneously daily for 4 weeks.
This treatment resulted in a delayed activation of the zona glomerulosa after peritoneal dialysis and a complete lack of reaction after total nephrectomy; the findings support the above mentioned assumptions about the manner in which the zona glomerulosa is activated in these experimental conditions.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRAUMA, PLASMA CORTICOSTERONE AND RETICULOENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN ANAESTHETIZED MICE
Authors: Schildt B. E. , Löw H. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The plasma corticosterone (CS) was determined in anaesthetized (pentobarbital 60 mg/kg) mice subjected to thermal or mechanical trauma. Two hours after trauma the CS-level was about 4 times higher than that of the controls (17 μg/100 ml), after which it returned to normal within 24 hours.
If mice were given doses of CS (10 or 100 μg) or ACTH (0.25 or 1.25 μg) which raised the plasma CS to the posttraumatic level, the reticuloendothelial (RES) function, as tested by the disappearance rate and organ uptake of heterologous 51Cr-tagged erythrocytes, was depressed as compared to the similarly anaesthetized control animals. A very good correlation was found between the increase in the plasma CS level and the decrease in the RES function in all groups except for that given 100 μg of CS.
The results suggest that the previously reported post-traumatic RES depression is induced, at least partially, by a release of corticosteroids.
VARIATIONS IN PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY AND URINARY ALDOSTERONE EXCRETION IN NORMAL SUBJECTS AFTER SALT RESTRICTION AND ACUTE PITUITARY INHIBITION WITH 6-DEHYDRO-16-METHYLENE HYDROCORTISONE
Authors: Peytremann A. , Veyrat R. , Muller A. F. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Variations in plasma renin activity and urinary aldosterone excretion were studied in normal subjects submitted to salt restriction and simultaneous inhibition of ACTH production with a new synthetic steroid, 6-dehydro-16-methylene hydrocortisone (STC 407).
At a dose of 10 mg t. i. d. this preparation exerts an inhibitory effect on the pituitary comparable to that of 2 mg of dexamethasone. In subjects maintained on a restricted salt intake, STC 407 does not delay the establishment of an equilibrium in sodium balance. The increases in endogenous aldosterone production and in plasma renin activity are also similar to those seen in the control subjects. A possible mineralocorticoid effect of STC 407 can be excluded. Under identical experimental conditions, the administration of dexamethasone yielded results comparable to those obtained with STC 407.