bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arthrokinematics in a Subgroup of Patients Likely to Benefit From a Lumbar Stabilization Exercise Program
Authors: Teyhen Deydre S , Flynn Timothy W , Childs John D , Abraham Lawrence D 
Published: February 2007

Background and PurposeA clinical prediction rule (CPR) has been reported to identify patients with low back pain who are likely to benefit from stabilization exercises. The aim of this study was to characterize the spinal motion, using digital fluoroscopic video, of a subgroup of subjects with low back pain.SubjectsTwenty subjects who were positive on the CPR were compared with 20 control subjects who were healthy.MethodsThe magnitude and timing of lumbar sagittal-plane intersegmental angular and linear displacement were assessed. Receiver operating characteristic curves and accuracy statistics were used to develop a kinematic model.ResultsA 10-variable model was developed that could distinguish group membership. Seven of these variables described a disruption in timing of angular or linear displacement during mid-range movements. None of the variables suggested hypermobility.Discussion and ConclusionThe findings suggest that individuals with mid-range aberrant motion without signs of hypermobility are likely to benefit from these exercises. The developed model describes altered kinematics of this subgroup of subjects and helps to provide construct validity for the developed CPR.
The SOCS‐1 gene methylation in chronic myeloid leukemia patients
Authors: Hatirnaz Ozden , Ure Umit , Ar Cem , Akyerli Cemaliye , Soysal Teoman , Ferhanoğlu Burhan , Özçelik Tayfun , Ozbek Ugur 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSOCS‐1, an important protein in the JAK/STAT pathway, has a role in the down stream of BCR‐ABL protein kinase. We investigated 56 CML patients and 16 controls for the methylation status of SOCS‐1 gene promoter and Exon 2 regions. Exon 2 was found to be methylated in 58.9% of the patients and 93.8% of the controls [P = 0.020, OR = 0.121(0.015–0.957)%95CI]. The promoter region was found unmethylated in all patient samples and controls. Although previous studies revealed a relation between SOCS1 gene Exon‐2 hypermethylation and CML development or progression, the results of this study showed no such correlation. On the contrary, our results might be indicating hypomethylation in CML patients, this hypothesis need to be studied in larger study population. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Zinc in the treatment of homozygous sickle cell anemia: Studies in an animal model
Authors: Schoomaker Eric B. , Brewer George J. , Oelshlegel Fred J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have studied the effects of zinc on the 51 Cr survival of red blood cells (RBC) from patients with homozygous sickle cell anemia (SCA) using an animal model in which the RBC were transfused into specially prepared rats. The slope (λs) of a standard 51Cr RBC survival curve was used as a measure of the rate of RBC sequestration.The effects of intravenous zinc were of considerable therapeutic interest from the standpoint of setting guidelines for effective blood levels of zinc in patients. SCA RBC were transfused into rats whose plasma zinc levels had been raised 3–6 times above normal (300–600 μg/100 ml) by prior iv injection of zinc acetate; in three experiments the mean λss in zinc‐treated animals breathing 15–16% oxygen was significantly lower (meaning lessened sequestration and greater survival) than saline‐treated controls. A possible explanation for the requirement to lower ambient oxygen tension in order to see this zinc effect is discussed.We have further observed an increased mean λs for RBC from 10 SCA patients compared to 4 normal controls (0.134 vs 0.030; t = 2.8, p < 0.01). The λs values are quite patient specific (4 patients studied; F = 18.2, p = 0.002). In vitro pretransfusion treatment of SCA RBC with 1.5 mM zinc resulted in a significant increase in hemoglobin oxygen affinity and a marked reduction in λs (0.073 vs 0.120; t = 4.5, p < 0.01). The mean λs was not affected by in vitro 0.3 mM zinc treatment; this level did not change hemoglobin oxygen affinity.We conclude that systemic zinc therapy in the animal model described, at plasma levels only slightly higher than those presently obtained in patients, prolongs SCA RBC survival. This animal model is a sensitive measure of the sicklability of SCA RBC and is useful in the testing of in vitro and in vivo antisickling agents.
The effect of thrombin on the uptake and transformation of arachidonic acid by human platelets
Authors: Russell Francis A. , Deykin Daniel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWashed human platelets take up arachidonic acid from plasma and incorporate the fatty acid into the major classes of complex lipids. Thrombin impairs net incorporation. It activates endogenous phospholipases which liberate arachidonic acid from phospholipids. As a consequence of thrombin induced aggregation platelets release arachidonic acid intermediates formed by the action of platelet fatty acid cyclooxygenase and by platelet fatty acid lipoxygenase. Cyclooxygenase, but not lipoxygenase, is inhibited by aspirin and indomethicin. Analysis of the pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism may furnish new insight into platelet function and into disorders of primary hemostasis.
Effects of single and combined chemotherapeutic agents on hemopoietic stem cells in mice
Authors: Jenkins V. K. , Costanzi J. J. , Ellis H. N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBone marrow cell responses to injections of nitrogen mustard, oncovin, procarbazine, hydrocortisone, and a regimen of all four drugs (MOPH) were evaluated in CRF1 and C57B 1/6 mice by determining bone marrow cellularity and content of transplantable colony forming units (CFU) after treatment. The study was done to determine whether the combined regimen, which is widely used clinically in treatment of disseminated Hodgkin's disease, is more or less detrimental to the hemopoietic system than the same drugs used as single agents. Nitrogen mustard and procarbazine used clinically as single drugs are given in three and two times, respectively, greater doses than in the combined regimen. Hydrocortisone, given singly, was least toxic of the drugs, reducing the CFU/femur to 63% and 71% of control values. MOPH appeared slightly more toxic than hydrocortisone, resulting in 41% and 52% of the CFU/femur surviving, and was about equally as toxic as oncovin alone. Nitrogen mustard and procarbazine, administered as single drugs in high doses, were highly suppressive, resulting in only 10–19% survival of CFU/femur, whereas, reduced doses of the two drugs as used in the MOPH regimen spared 30–45% of the CFU/femur. Survival of CFU after MOPH treatment was three to four times greater than after high doses of nitrogen mustard or procarbazine alone. The component drugs of the combined regimen did not act on separate populations of stem cells to produce an additive effect but appeared to inactivate the same population of cells.
IMFRA (Intermittent Intrathecal Methotrexate and Fractional Radiation) plus chemotherapy in childhood leukemia
Authors: Zuelzer W. W. , Ravindranath Y. , Lusher J. M. , Sarnaik Sharada , Considine Basil 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA protocol for the prophylaxis of CNS leukemia was devised involving intermittent low‐dosage radiation of the craniospinal axis combined with single intrathecal injections of MTX. The retionale for this protocol was the timing of first CNS relapses in patients not receiving prophylaxis which suggests that leukemic colonization of the CNS is not restricted to the initial stage of the disease and that periodic measures might be advantageous. The low dosage of radiation was chosen because it is well tolerated and has been found temporarily effective in overt CNS relapse. The two series of patients were comparable as to various parameters. Results after three years of observation were comparable to those obtained by others with a single initial course of high‐dose radiation, with an expected 50% uninterrupted complete 5‐year remission. On the basis of 30 months follow up in 26 patients, the therapy is well tolerated. An increase in morbidity due to infections in remission was not associated with a higher mortality.
Chemotherapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children
Authors: Haghbin Mahroo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBetween 1969‐1973, 75 consecutive children under the age of 15 years with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were treated with a multiple‐drug regimen (L‐2). Prophylaxis for meningeal leukemia was limited to the repeated intrathecal injections of methotrexate. Seventy‐four patients achieved remission; the duration of remissions could be evaluated only for 70. Relapse terminated complete remission within 1‐54 months in 21 children. Four of these relapses were confined to the central nervous system. Forty‐nine patients continue in complete remission from 23 to 63 months. Chemotherapy has been discontinued in 29 children, and 25 of these remain without evidence of recurrence for 2‐27 months posttreatment.
Thalassemia intermedia caused by heterozygosity for both β‐thalassemia and hemoglobin saki [β14 (a11) leu→pro]
Authors: Milnera Paul F. , Corley Charles C. , Pomeroy William L. , Wilson Jerry B. , Gravely Marsha , Huisman Titus H. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe syndrome thalassemia intermedia can be the clinical expression of heterozygosity for different types of thalassemia, β‐thalassemia and hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin, β‐thalassemia and Hb‐Lepore, and in blacks it may even represent a true β‐thalassemia homozygote. This report describes thalassemia intermedia in a white male due to β‐thalassemia and an unstable hemoglobin. Chain‐synthesis studies showed an excess of β‐chain production over β‐chain production in the propositus and his mother but balanced chain synthesis in the clinically normal father, who is heterozygous for the unstable hemoglobin. The unstable hemoglobin was found to be β14 (A11) Leu→Pro, which has previously been described in a clinically normal African woman, and named Hb‐Saki. This hemoglobin is not distinguishable from Hb‐A on routine electrophoresis at alkaline or acid pH and tests for unstable hemoglobins are necessary for its detection. The increasing list of such hemoglobin variants and previous cases of heterozygosity for β‐thalassemia and unstable hemoglobins are reviewed.
Quantitative microchromatographic determination of hemoglobin f in patients with hemoglobins s and/or c
Authors: Schroeder W. A. , Evans Leslie , Grussing Lana , Abraham E. C. , Huisman T. H. J. , Lam H. , Shelton Joan B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe improved microchromatographic procedure for the detection of Hb‐S and/or Hb‐C in cord blood at birth (Schroeder et al.: J. Lab Clin Med 86:528‐532, 1975) as well as a modification thereof may also be used for the quantitative determination of Hb‐F in the presence of Hb‐S and/or Hb‐C. However, Hb‐A interferes and must be absent. The methods use 0.5 × 6 cm columns of CM‐cellulose with Tris or Bis‐tris developers and require 2‐4 hr to complete. At low percentages of Hb‐F, the sharper zone of the Tris method is more easily visible than that of the Bis‐tris method, but the latter is a somewhat more rapid procedure.About 300 cases with Hb‐S and/or Hb‐C have been examined by the micro‐ chromatographic procedure. Most of these results (Fmicro) have been compared with data from the determination of Hb‐F by one or more of the following methods: alkali denaturation (FAD), conventional DEAE‐Sephadex chromatography (FDES), or isoleucine analyses of zones from DEAE‐Sephadex chromatography (FIle). The accuracy and precision of the microchromatographic method is estimated to be 5‐10%.The microchromatographic methods require much less time than conventional chromatography but more time than alkali denaturation procedures. Compared to the latter, the new methods use whole blood and less blood and permit the physical separation of Hb‐F.
Pathogenesis of polycythemia vera—new concepts
Authors: Golde David W. , Cline Martin J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractData presently available suggest that polycythemia vera is an acquired clonal disorder of the pluripotent stem cell resulting in expansion of committed stem cell pools, most prominently in the erythroid line. In vitro and in vivo studies suggest that erythropoiesis in polycythemia vera is at least partially modulated by erythropoietin.
Staging laparotomy and splenectomy: Treatment and complications of hodgkin's disease in children
Authors: Lanzkowsky P. , Shende A. , Karayalcin G. , Aral I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐five cases of Hodgkin's Disease (15 males and 10 females) aged 5 to 17 years were studied from April 1970 to July 1976 (75 month period). Histology revealed that 2 had lymphocytic predominance, 12 had nodular sclerosis, and 11 had mixed cellularity. Pathologic staging revealed that 3 were IA, 1 IB, 5 IIA, 4 IIB, 6 IIIA, and 6 IIIB. Laparotomy altered the staging in 12 patients (9 were staged up and 3 down). All but 2 patients received extended field radiation, and 5 had recurrence of disease and were treated with combination chemotherapy. Twenty‐three are alive without evidence of disease (21–75 months), and the 2 deaths were not due to Hodgkin's Disease but to hemobilia (postliver biopsy) and penumococcal septicemia, purpura fulminans, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (14 months postsplenectomy). Other complications included 2 patients with intestinal obstruction, 1 with postoperative subphrenic abscess, and 1 with streptococcal septicemia and polyarthritis. Nineteen patients received continuous penicillin prophylaxis postoperatively and the 2 with serious infections were amongst the 6 who had not received penicillin or whose penicillin had been discontinued at the time of infection. It is concluded that laparotomy and splenectomy in children is essential for accurate staging but carries significant risk, and continuous penicillin prophylaxis is recommended.
Prognostic significance of surface marker analysis in childhood non‐hodgkin's lymphoproliferative malignancies
Authors: Coccia Peter F. , Kersey John H. , Gajl‐Peczalska Katamiera J. , Krivit William , Nesbit Mark E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBlast cell surface markers for T‐ and B‐lymphocyte characteristics were studied at diagnosis in 73 children with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoproliferative malignancies. Three distinctive groups of patients were identified on the basis of the analysis of blast cells for surface immunoglobulin (SIg), sheep erythrocyte (sE) rosette formation, and complement receptors. The seven group I patients had monoclonal IgM on their blast cells, morphologic features of Burkitt's lymphoma, abdominal masses, and very short survival. The 13 group II patients had receptors for sE, complement, or both on their blast cells, mediastinal or nodal masses, and short survival. The distinction between leukemia and lymphoma based on the presence of bone marrow involvement at diagnosis is not prognostically useful in this group of patients. The blast cells of group II patients could not be morphologically distinguished from those of the group III patients. The 53 group III patients had SIg, sE, and complement negative blast cells and could be further subdivided on the basis of white blood cell count. The nine group IIIA patients (> 100.0 × 109/liter) had in general short survival, while most of the 44 group IIIB patients (< 100.0 × 109/liter) have remained in complete remission. Positive surface markers, mass lesions, male sex, and age of diagnosis < 2 years or ≧ 10 years appear to be interrelated factors indicating poor prognosis. Elevated white blood cell count is a prognostic indicator independent of surface marker analysis or presence of mass lesions.
In vivo and in vitro effects of thrombin and plasmin on human factor VIII (ahf)
Authors: Lian Eric Chun‐Yet , Nunez Roger L. , Harkness Donald R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relationship between factor VIII (AHF) procoagulant activity and factor VIII‐related antigen were examined in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), pulmonary embolism (PE), and coronary artery disease with or without myocardial infarction (MI). It was found that 13 of 13 patients with DIC, 17 of 17 patients with PE, and 10 of 12 patients with MI possessed a significantly elevated factor VIII‐related antigen to factor VIII activity ratio (VIII‐ratio). The VIII‐ratio returned to normal in each of 2 patients with DIC and 1 patient with PE after treatment with heparin, heparin and α‐amino‐caproic acid, and heparin and coumadin respectively. In contrast, the VIII‐ratio was slightly elevated only in 1 of 15 patients with coronary artery insufficiency without MI. In in vitro studies, after treatment of plasma with thrombin or plasmin, factor VIII activity was lost, whereas the amount of factor VIII‐related antigen remained the same or was even increased when measured by agarose quantitative immunoelectrophoresis. These observations have led us to conclude that an elevated VIII‐ratio is a very sensitive indicator of intravascular coagulation.
α‐Thalassemia and β‐thalassemia in a turkish family
Authors: Altay C. , Say B. , Yetgin S. , Huisman Titus H. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA Turkish family is described in which three children have a clinical picture similar to that of thalassemia major, with typical red cell morphology and indices, and with about 10% Hb Bart's but without measurable amounts of Hb H. Hematological evaluation of six members of this family that included in vitro hemoglobin synthesis suggests that β‐ (or δβ‐) thalassemia, β‐silent thalassemia, and mild and severe α‐thalassemia genes are present in different combinations. The data indicate that β/α chain ratios in patients with more than one type of thalassemia should be evaluated in relationship to values obtained for several relatives even though some of the thalassemia determinants may be silent in the parents.
Sv40 t‐antigen expression in skin fibroblasts from clinically normal individuals and from ten cases of fanconi anemia
Authors: Lubiniecki A. S. , Blattner W. A. , Dosik H. , Sun C. , Fraumeni J. F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrevious studies of the expression of SV40 genetic information by skin fibroblasts included limited numbers of cell donors and failed to adequately consider possible effects of age, sex, and ethnic origin on assay results. A population of 76 healthy subjects were selected for study following determination of personal and family disease history and karyological analysis. Skin fibroblasts from these individuals were tested for expression of SV40 T‐antigen by indirect immunofluorescent assay. The data were normally distributed and showed no significant differences between the age, sex, or ethnic groups tested. The occurrence of rare karyological anomalies in this control population had no effect on T‐antigen expression. Fibroblasts from 10 Fanconi anemia patients demonstrated significantly elevated expression of T‐antigen compared to the well‐defined control population, based on simple statistical criteria. T‐antigen expression was elevated in two young patients prior to the onset of anemia and did not appear to correlate with the incidence or severity of other specific symptoms. Thus, elevated T‐antigen expression in Fanconi anemia fibroblasts reflects an actual defect at the cellular level, rather than clinical, age, sex, or ethnic factors not previously considered.
Hydrogen peroxide, an inhibitor of platelet function: Effect on adenine nucleotide metabolism, and the release reaction
Authors: Stuart Marie J. , Holmsen Holm 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe in vitro effects of H2O2 on platelet adenine nucleotide metabolism and on the ADP‐induced platelet release reaction were examined. All studies were performed on human platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) preincubated with (3 H)‐adenine. Within 3 min of incubation with PRP, H2O2 (100–500 μM) caused an irreversible reduction in the (3 H)‐ATP level with a concomitant increase in (3 H)‐IMP and (3 H)‐inosine and hypoxanthine levels. The adenylate energy charge (AEC) initially decreased while the ATP level fell. The AEC, however, returned to levels slightly lower than the control during further incubation. No leakage of ATP and ADP to plasma was observed. The fall in the steady‐state levels of (3 H)‐ATP increased with increase of the H2O2 concentration (decrease of 8.7–40% at H2O2 concentrations from 5 to 600 μM). H2O2 pretreatment of PRP caused absence of ADP‐induced biphasic aggregation, partial inhibition of the primary wave, and complete inhibition of release of platelet nonmetabolic ATP and ADP.Our in vitro findings support the view that part of the inhibitory effect of H2O2 may be related to the lowering of metabolic ATP levels in platelets.
Prostaglandin e2‐hemoglobin AA and SS erythrocyte interaction (prostaglandin‐erythrocyte interaction)
Authors: Sobota Joseph T. , Gruber Carolyn A. , Gilbertson Terry J. , Wilson Jerome 
Published: February 2007

AbstractProstaglandin E2 (PGE2), at concentrations ≥ 5 × 104 ng/ml, induced discocyte → echinocyte transformation of saline‐suspended hemoglobin (Hb) AA and SS erythrocytes. This erythrocyte transformation is concentration‐dependent and is reversible at room temperature after 90–120 min. The Hb SS erythrocytes treated with PGE2 did not exhibit accelerated sickling or increased formation of sickled echinocvtes. Erythrocytes suspended in autologous plasma treated with PGE2, 2 × 106 ng/ml, did not exhibit echinocytic transformation probably because of drug binding to the plasma proteins. Other in vitro studies showed that PGE2 of concentrations of 10–500 ng/ml had no adverse effects on intact, plasma‐suspended Hb SS erythrocytes. These Hb SS erythrocytes were examined for changes in morphology, potassium and calcium flux, and blood viscosity under oxygenated and hypoxic conditions.
A plasma inhibitor of ristocetin‐induced platelet aggregation in patients with sickle hemoglobinopathies
Authors: Leichtman David A. , Brewer George J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBecause of the high prevalence of thrombotic complications in patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA), we investigated platelet function in patients with sickle hemoglobinopathies. Platelet aggregation induced by epinephrine, ADP, and collagen, except for absent secondary wave in 3 of 10 patients with SCA, was qualitatively normal. However, ristocetin‐induced platelet aggregation (RIPA) with a final concentration of 1.12 mg/ml was markedly abnormal – absent or virtually absent in 9 of 10 patients with SCA, 3 of 3 patients with hemoglobin S‐C disease, and 2 of 3 patients with sickle trait. All 8 controls used in these experiments repeatedly demonstrated normal RIPA. Addition of normal plasma failed to correct abnormal RIPA in sickle hemoglobinopathy patients. All patients demonstrated normal RIPA with a ristocetin dose of 2.24 mg/ml and aggregated with bovine fibrinogen. Recombinant mixing experiments demonstrated that washed SCA platelets support RIPA (1.12 mg/ml) when resuspended in normal plasma or high dilutions of SCA plasma, but not in undiluted SCA plasma. Washed normal platelets do not support RIPA (1.12 mg/ml) when resuspended in SCA plasma. These findings suggest the presence of a plasma inhibitor of RIPA in patients with sickle hemoglobinopathies.
Development of chronic myelocytic leukemia during the course of acute lymphocytic leukemia in an adult
Authors: Fisher Barry L. , Lyons Roger M. , Sears David A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 59‐year‐old patient is described who presented with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Complete remission was induced rapidly with vincristine and prednisone. Nine months later he acquired the clinical and hematological picture of a myeloproliferative disease, and bone marrow cytogenetic studies demonstrated the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome. Within 4 months he again developed overt acute lymphocytic leukemia and died. Several lines of evidence have recently indicated a relationship between myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders, particularly chronic myelocytic and acute lymphocytic leukemia. This patient's course is another example of that association.