bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing feedback by health coaching: the effectiveness of mixed methods approach to long-term physical activity changes in nurses. An intervention study
Authors: Nerek Agnieszka , Wesołowska-Górniak Katarzyna , Czarkowska-Pączek Bożena 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Although knowledge of the barriers and motivators to physical activity participation among nurses is increasing, the factors influencing motivation methods’ effectiveness are not completely defined. This study aimed to identify the methods that support increasing the level of daily physical activity and the factors that influence the effectiveness of motivation methods among nurses.

Methods
This study was based on an intervention study protocol. All registered nurses in clinical settings were invited to participate in the study. The study involved 71 professionally active nurses. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic and employment data. The level of physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the daily number of steps was assessed using a pedometer. Body composition was measured using a bioimpedance method, and the 5-year risk of cardiovascular events was assessed using the Harvard Score. The intervention included self-monitoring daily steps using a pedometer and completing a diary daily for one month. Additionally, a few-minute speech was sent to each participant via email on the intervention’s 7th, 14th, and 21st days.

Results
The analysis revealed a higher value of physical activity recorded in the follow-up compared to the initial and final measurement in the Recreation domain [Met] (p < 0.001) and a higher value of daily steps in the follow-up compared to the final measurement (p = 0.005). Participants with a higher Harvard Score were more likely to increase their daily number of steps (OR = 6.025; 95% CI = 1.70-21.41), and nurses working in hospital wards were less likely to do so (OR = 0.002; 95% CI = 0.00-0.41).

Conclusions
Recommendations for physical activity in the nursing population should focus on increasing leisure time physical activity and regular risk assessment of cardiovascular events. A mixed methods approach, such as feedback enhanced by health coaching, effectively achieves long-term physical activity changes in nurses.
Job crafting, positive psychological capital, and social support as predictors of job embeddedness on among clinical nurses- a structural model design
Authors: Yun Mi-Soon , Lee Miyoung , Choi Eun-Hi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
This study establishes the relationships among role conflict, positive psychological capital, social support, job crafting, and job embeddedness among clinical nurses. The results are expected to provide a basis for efficient human resource management in hospitals.

Methods
Considering a 15% dropout rate, we distributed 300 copies of our questionnaire, of which 290 were returned. We used 260 responses in the final analysis after excluding 40 responses that were incomplete or showed an identical pattern in the item responses. Participants were clinical nurses with less than one year of experience in general and tertiary general hospitals in G province and D metropolitan city in South Korea. A structured questionnaire was administered from January 10 to February 28, 2022. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0. We assessed the statistical significance using the bootstrapping method.

Results
The direct and total effects (both β = 0.806, p =.007) of positive psychological capital on job crafting were significant. The direct and total effects (both β = 0.451, p =.004) of social support on job crafting were significant. The direct (γ = 0.292, p =.055), indirect (γ = -. 671, p =.003), and total (γ = − 0.379, p =.008) effects of role conflict on job crafting were significant. The direct (γ = − 0.382, p =.007), indirect (γ = − 0.208 p =.003), and total (γ = − 0.589, p =.006) effects of role conflict on job embeddedness were significant. The direct and total (both β = 0.548, p =.005) effects of job crafting on job embeddedness were significant.

Conclusions
Nurses’ job embeddedness is directly influenced by their job crafting, which is shaped by high levels of positive psychological capital and social support. When job crafting takes place, role conflict increases, and if job crafting becomes difficult because of severe role conflict, job embeddedness decreases. Therefore, to increase job embeddedness among clinical nurses, hospitals must implement support systems and programs to increase job autonomy, and positive psychological capital to promote job crafting.
Statins as a risk factor for diabetic retinopathy: a Mendelian randomization and cross-sectional observational study
Authors: Chen Chengming , Zhang Huan , Lan Yanyan , Yan Weiming , Liu Sida , Chen Yixuan , Xie Tingke , Ning Jiayi , Yan Xiaolong , Shang Lei , Han Jing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the foremost cause of vision loss among the global working-age population, and statins are among the most frequently prescribed drugs for lipid management in patients with DR. The exact relationship between statins and DR has not been determined. This study sought to validate the causal association between statins usage and diabetic retinopathy.

Methods
The summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) method and inverse-variance-weighted Mendelian randomization (IVW-MR) were used to identify the causal relationship between statins and DR via the use of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data for 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) (31,684 blood samples), low density lipoprotein cholesterol-related GWAS data (sample size: 440,546), and DR-related GWAS data (14,584 cases and 176,010 controls). Additionally, a cross-sectional observational study based on the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was conducted to supplement the association between DR and statins (sample size: 106,911). The odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was employed to evaluate the results.

Results
Based on the results of the MR analysis, HMGCR inhibitors were causally connected with a noticeably greater incidence of DR (IVW: OR = 0.54, 95% CI [0.42, 0.69], p = 0.000002; SMR: OR = 0.66, 95% CI [0.52, 0.84], p = 0.00073). Subgroup analysis revealed that the results were not affected by the severity of DR. The sensitivity analysis revealed the stability and reliability of the MR analysis results. The results from the cross-sectional study based on NHANES also support the association between not taking statins and a decreased risk of DR (OR = 0.54, 95% CI [0.37, 0.79], p = 0.001).

Conclusions
This study revealed that a significant increase in DR risk was causally related to statins use, providing novel insights into the role of statins in DR. However, further investigations are needed to verify these findings.
Chemodiversity, pharmacological activity, and biosynthesis of specialized metabolites from medicinal model fungi Ganoderma lucidum
Authors: Du Yupeng , Tian Lixia , Wang Yu , Li Zhenhao , Xu Zhichao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGanoderma lucidum is a precious fungus, particularly valued for its dual use as both medicine and food. Ganoderic acids (GAs), the distinctive triterpenoids found in the Ganoderma genus, exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, the limited resources of GAs restrict their clinic usage and drug discovery. In this review, we presented a comprehensive summary focusing on the diverse structures and pharmacological activity of GAs in G. lucidum. Additionally, we discussed the latest advancements in the elucidation of GA biosynthesis, as well as the progress in heterosynthesis and liquid fermentation methods aimed at further increasing GA production. Furthermore, we summarized the omics data, genetic transformation system, and cultivation techniques of G. lucidum, described as medicinal model fungi. The understanding of Ganoderic acids chemodiversity and biosynthesis in medicinal model fungi Ganoderma lucidum will provide important insights into the exploration and utilization of natural products in medicinal fungi.
Targeted protein degradation in hematologic malignancies: latest updates from the 2023 ASH annual meeting
Authors: Zhong Guangcai , Kong Ran , Feng Shi , Wang Cong , Hao Qingbo , Xie Weilin , Zhou Xiangxiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractProtein degraders, emerging as a novel class of therapeutic agents, have gained widespread attention due to their advantages. They have several advantages over traditional small molecule inhibitors, including high target selectivity and ability to target “undruggable” targets and overcome inhibitor drug resistance. Tremendous research and development efforts and massive investment have resulted in rapid advancement of protein degrader drug discovery in recent years. Here, we overview the latest clinical and preclinical updates on protein degraders presented at the 2023 ASH Annual Meeting.
Novel trypanosomatid species detected in Mongolian pikas (Ochotona pallasi) and their fleas in northwestern China
Authors: Wang Shiyi , Wang Suwen , Han Xiaoshuang , Hornok Sándor , Wang Huiqian , Wang Nan , Liu Gang , Yang Meihua , Wang Yuanzhi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
In the family Trypanosomatidae, the genus Trypanosoma contains protozoan parasites that infect a diverse range of hosts, including humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Wild rodents, as natural reservoir hosts of various pathogens, play an important role in the evolution and emergence of Trypanosomatidae. To date, no reports are available on the trypanosomatid infection of pikas (Lagomorpha: Ochotonidae).

Methods
In this study, Mongolian pikas and their fleas were sampled at the China–Mongolia border, northwestern China. The samples were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing for the presence of Trypanosomatidae on the basis of both the 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) gene and the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gGAPDH) gene. The morphology of trypomastigotes was also observed in peripheral blood smears by microscopy.

Results
Molecular and phylogenetic analyses revealed a new genotype of the Trypanosoma lewisi clade that was found both in pika blood and flea samples. This genotype, which probably represents a new species, was provisionally designated as “Trypanosoma sp. pika”. In addition, a novel genotype belonging to the genus Blechomonas of Trypanosomatidae was detected in fleas. On the basis of its molecular and phylogenetic properties, this genotype was named Blechomonas luni-like, because it was shown to be the closest related to B. luni compared with other flea-associated trypanosomatids.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report any trypanosomatid species in Mongolian pikas and their fleas. Further studies are needed to investigate the epidemiology of these protozoan parasites, as well as to evaluate their pathogenicity for humans or domestic animals.

Graphical Abstract
Canadian Internal Medicine Ultrasound (CIMUS) consensus statement: recommendations for mandatory ultrasound competencies for ultrasound-guided thoracentesis, paracentesis, and central venous catheterization
Authors:   Canadian Internal Medicine Ultrasound, Walsh Michael H. , Balan Marko , Montague Steven J. , Butler Dayna , Chan Barry , Tran Allen , Viau-Lapointe Julien , Wiseman Jeffrey , Traquair Hugh , Yu Jeffrey , Lépine Pierre-Alexis , Desy Janeve , Friesen Tyler B. , Gaudreau-Simard Mathilde , Kolbenson Linden , Jayaraman Dev , Lubbers Sonja , Mayette Michael , Sattin Michael , Smyth Leo M. , Sandhu Monty , Spiegle Gillian , Lacasse Audrey , Lam Ada W. , Wiskar Katie , Arishenkoff Shane , Wong Jonathan , Ma Irene W. Y. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To develop a Canadian Internal Medicine Ultrasound (CIMUS) consensus statement on recommended mandatory point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) competencies for ultrasound-guided thoracentesis, paracentesis, and central venous catheterizations (CVC) for internal medicine physicians.

Methods
The 2022 CIMUS group consists of 27 voting members, with representations from all 17 Canadian academic institutions across 8 provinces. Members voted in 3 rounds on 46 procedural competencies as “mandatory, must include”, “optional, could include” or “superfluous, do not include”. These 46 competencies included 6 general competencies that apply to all POCUS-guided procedures, 11 competencies for thoracentesis, 10 competencies for paracentesis, and 19 competencies for CVC.

Results
In the first round, members reached consensus on 27 competencies (5 general, 6 thoracentesis, 8 paracentesis, 8 CVC). In the second round, 10 competencies (1 general, 2 thoracentesis, 1 paracentesis, 6 CVC) reached consensus. In the third round, 2 additional competencies (1 paracentesis, 1 CVC) reached consensus for being mandatory and 3 as optional (1 thoracentesis and 2 CVC). Overall, a total of 28 competencies reached consensus as mandatory, 3 as optional, while 11 competencies reached consensus as superfluous. Four competencies did not reach consensus for either inclusion or exclusion.

Conclusions
The CIMUS group recommends 28 competencies be considered mandatory and 3 as optional for internal medicine physicians performing POCUS guided thoracentesis, paracentesis, and CVC placement. National curriculum development and implementation efforts should include training these mandatory competencies.
Giant cell tumor of soft tissue involving thyroid gland: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Chen Jianrong , Zhang Haiyong , Li Xiufang , Hu Mengjun , Dai Xiaomin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Giant cell tumor of soft tissue is a low malignant uncommon neoplasm, with histologic features and immunophenotype similar to its bone counterpart. Primary giant cell tumor of soft tissue in the thyroid gland is considered an exceedingly rare entity.

Case presentation
We describe a case of primary thyroid giant cell tumor of soft tissue in a 69-year-old Chinese female patient. Neck ultrasonography showed a 19 mm × 12 mm × 5 mm nodule with heterogeneous echo and clear boundary located within the left thyroid. Histopathological examination revealed that the neoplasm was composed of two morphological components, mononuclear cells admixed with multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for CD68 and vimentin, but were negative for epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin, and additional muscle markers. She underwent left unilateral thyroidectomy, and total thyroidectomy was performed for local recurrence 3 months later. The patient remained well without recurrence or metastasis following up for 12 months.

Conclusion
The significance of this case lies in its rarity, the challenge of preoperative clinical diagnosis, and the differential diagnosis with other malignancies.
Transurethral surgical treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia with detrusor underactivity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zou Peilin , Liu Chang , Zhang Yucong , Wei Chao , Liu Xiaming , Xu Shengfei , Ling Qing , Chen Zhong , Du Guanghui , Yuan Xiaoyi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The efficacy of surgical treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with detrusor underactivity (DU) remains controversial.

Methods
To summarize relevant evidence, three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) were searched from database inception to May 1, 2023. Transurethral surgical treatment modalities include transurethral prostatectomy (TURP), photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP), and transurethral incision of the prostate (TUIP). The efficacy of the transurethral surgical treatment was assessed according to maximal flow rate on uroflowmetry (Qmax), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), postvoid residual (PVR), quality of life (QoL), voided volume, bladder contractility index (BCI) and maximal detrusor pressure at maximal flow rate (PdetQmax). Pooled mean differences (MDs) were used as summary statistics for comparison. The quality of enrolled studies was evaluated by using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Sensitivity analysis and funnel plots were applied to assess possible biases.

Results
In this study, 10 studies with a total of 1142 patients enrolled. In BPH patients with DU, within half a year, significant improvements in Qmax (pooled MD, 4.79; 95% CI, 2.43–7.16; P < 0.05), IPSS(pooled MD, − 14.29; 95%CI, − 16.67–11.90; P < 0.05), QoL (pooled MD, − 1.57; 95% CI, − 2.37–0.78; P < 0.05), voided volume (pooled MD, 62.19; 95% CI, 17.91–106.48; P < 0.05), BCI (pooled MD, 23.59; 95% CI, 8.15–39.04; P < 0.05), and PdetQmax (pooled MD, 28.62; 95% CI, 6.72–50.52; P < 0.05) were observed after surgery. In addition, after more than 1 year, significant improvements were observed in Qmax (pooled MD, 6.75; 95%CI, 4.35–9.15; P < 0.05), IPSS(pooled MD, − 13.76; 95%CI, − 15.17–12.35; P < 0.05), PVR (pooled MD, − 179.78; 95%CI, − 185.12–174.44; P < 0.05), QoL (pooled MD, − 2.61; 95%CI, − 3.12–2.09; P < 0.05), and PdetQmax (pooled MD, 27.94; 95%CI, 11.70–44.19; P < 0.05). Compared with DU patients who did not receive surgery, DU patients who received surgery showed better improvement in PVR (pooled MD, 137.00; 95%CI, 6.90–267.10; P < 0.05) and PdetQmax (pooled MD, − 8.00; 95%CI, − 14.68–1.32; P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Our meta-analysis results showed that transurethral surgery can improve the symptoms of BPH patients with DU. Surgery also showed advantages over pharmacological treatment for BPH patients with DU.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42023415188.
What should rheumatologists know about Gaucher disease and Fabry disease? Connecting the dots for an overview
Authors: Cordeiro Rafael Alves , Rosa Neto Nilton Salles , Giardini Henrique Ayres Mayrink 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGaucher and Fabry diseases are lysosomal storage disorders in which deficient enzyme activity leads to pathological accumulation of sphingolipids. These diseases have a broad phenotypic presentation. Musculoskeletal symptoms and pain complaints are frequently reported by patients. Thus, rheumatologists can be contacted by these patients, contributing to the correct diagnosis, earlier indication of appropriate treatment and improvement of their prognosis. This review describes important concepts about Gaucher and Fabry diseases that rheumatologists should understand to improve patients’ quality of life and change the natural history of these diseases.
Metformin Use in Type 2 Diabetics and Delirium After Noncardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Paredes Stephania , Harb Ayoub , Rössler Julian , Nikoo Maedeh Zokaei , Ruetzler Kurt , Turan Alparslan , Pu Xuan , Sessler Daniel I. 
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION:
The cause of postoperative delirium is unknown, but it is thought to result at least in part from inflammation. Metformin, besides its hypoglycemic properties, demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects systemically and in the brain. We tested the primary hypothesis that chronic metformin use in adults with type 2 diabetes is associated with less delirium during the first 5 days after major noncardiac surgery. Secondary outcomes were a composite of serious complications (myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, stage 2–3 acute kidney injury [AKI], and mortality) and time to discharge alive.

METHODS:
We considered adults with type 2 diabetes who did or did not routinely use metformin daily and had noncardiac surgery. Delirium was assessed by Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) or brief Confusion Assessment Method (bCAM) for 5 postoperative days. Postoperative AKI was defined by Kidney Disease Improving Global Guidelines. Logistic regression and generalized estimating equation models accounted for within-patient correlation across multiple surgeries and explored the association between metformin use and postoperative delirium and complications. Inverse propensity score weighting and propensity score calibration (PSC) adjusted for confounding variables.

RESULTS:
No significant difference was observed in the incidence of postoperative delirium between the 2 groups, with 260 of 4744 cases (5.5%) among metformin users and 502 of 5918 cases (8.5%) cases in nonmetformin users, for an odds ratio of 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73–1.05; P = .155), number-needed-to-expose = 118 patients. Similarly, there were fewer composite complications in metformin users (3.3%) than in nonusers (11.7%); However, the common-effect odds ratio of 0.67 was not statistically significant (97.5% CI, 0.39–1.17; P = .106). Discharge from the hospital was significantly faster in patients who took metformin (3 [interquartile range, IQR, 1–5] days for metformin users and 3 [IQR, 2–6] days for nonmetformin users), with a hazard ratio of 1.07 for early discharge, and tight CIs (1.01–1.13).

CONCLUSIONS:
Chronic metformin use was associated with slightly and nonsignificantly less delirium. However, patients who used metformin had clinically meaningfully fewer major complications, mostly stage 2 to 3 kidney injury. While not statistically significant, the reduction was substantial and warrants further investigation because there is currently no effective preventive measure for perioperative renal injury. Benefit would be especially meaningful if it could be produced by acute perioperative treatment. Finally, metformin was associated with faster hospital discharge, although not by a clinically meaningful amount.
Managing the Farm
Authors: Hamilton Shane 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
“Management” is routinely understood by agricultural historians as an exercise in rational expertise, targeted at driving ever more efficient, “businesslike” practices on the farm. However, insights from critical management studies suggest that farm management, as a body of theory and as a form of practice, may be grounded in something less savory than epistemological superiority or the ability to improve farming practice. This article explores how the meaning of farm management changed substantially over the course of the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, from a pragmatic approach for empowering individual farmers to a more abstract set of theories offering a chimera of control.
An Algorithmic Solution to the Blotto Game Using Multimarginal Couplings
Authors: Perchet Vianney , Rigollet Philippe , Le Gouic Thibaut 
Published: March 2024

Computing the solution of Blotto games, a century-year-old open problem The Blotto game has been introduced by Borel more than a century ago in a seminal game theory paper. Surprisingly, characterizing and computing the optimal solutions (or the Nash equilibria) of this game in general was still open! This paper combines theoretical tools from statistics and auction theory to provide an almost explicit characterization of the strategies that are then computed using techniques from optimal transport (and other algorithmic ideas). The complexity of the final algorithm is even polynomial in the number of battlefields (a key parameter of a Blotto game) and the approximation level.