bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ability of the Canine Brief Pain Inventory to detect response to treatment in dogs with osteoarthritis
Authors: Brown Dorothy Cimino , Boston Raymond C. , Coyne James C. , Farrar John T. 
Published: October 2008

Abstract
Objective—To determine whether the Canine Brief Pain Inventory (CBPI) can detect changes in dogs with osteoarthritis treated with an NSAID or a placebo.
Design—Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Animals—70 dogs with osteoarthritis.
Procedures—Owners completed the CBPI on day 0. Dogs received carprofen or a placebo on days 1 through 14. Owners completed the CBPI again on day 14. Pain severity and pain interference scores from the CBPI were calculated, and the change from day 0 to day 14 was assessed within each group and between groups.
Results—No significant differences were detected in median scores for pain severity (3.50 and 3.25 on days 0 and 14, respectively) and pain interference (3.92 and 3.25 on days 0 and 14, respectively) in dogs receiving the placebo. Dogs receiving carprofen had significant changes in median scores for pain severity (4.25 to 2.25 on days 0 and 14, respectively) and pain interference (4.33 to 2.67 on days 0 and 14, respectively). There was a significantly greater improvement in pain severity and pain interference scores in dogs treated with carprofen, compared with improvement in scores for dogs receiving the placebo.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The CBPI was able to detect improvements in pain scores in dogs with osteoarthritis treated with an NSAID or a placebo. These results, in combination with previous reliability and validity testing, support the use of the CBPI to obtain quantifiable assessments from owners regarding the severity and impact of chronic pain and treatment for dogs with osteoarthritis.
Tracheal collapse in American Miniature Horses: 13 cases (1985–2007)
Authors: Aleman Monica , Nieto Jorge E. , Benak Jaromir , Johnson Lynelle R. 
Published: October 2008

Abstract
Objective—To describe the clinical and laboratory findings, diagnostic features, and outcome of tracheal collapse in American Miniature Horses at a referral institution.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—13 American Miniature Horses with tracheal collapse.
Procedures—Medical records of American Miniature Horses with tracheal collapse at a referral hospital were reviewed. Data extracted included signalment, history, clinical signs, laboratory data, diagnostic procedures, outcome, and histologic findings.
Results—Tracheal collapse was documented in 5.6% of American Miniature Horses admitted to this referral hospital. Median age at onset of clinical signs was 11 years with a range of 2 to 15 years. Common complaints and clinical signs included respiratory distress, tachypnea, inspiratory honking noises, and increased abdominal expiratory effort, which were exacerbated by stressful events, pregnancy, exercise, a dusty environment, and eating. Tracheal collapse was confirmed by use of radiography, endoscopy, fluoroscopy, or postmortem examination. Dorsoventral flattening of the extra- or intrathoracic trachea, or both, was more common than lateral collapse. Tracheal chondromalacia was identified histologically in 4 cases, and mortality rate for affected horses was 10 of 13.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Tracheal collapse was relatively common in this study of American Miniature Horses, and outcome was poor. The etiopathogenesis of the disease remains unknown.
Determination of dissociation degrees of K3NbF8 and K3TaF8 by thermodynamic analysis of subsystems of the KF-K2NbF7 and KF-K2TaF7 systems
Authors: Kosa Ladislav , Proks Ivo 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA special form of the LeChatelier-Shreder equation describing the equilibrium between the crystalline phase and the melt in system A-AB in which the substance AB partially dissociates upon melting was applied to systems KF-K3NbF8, K2NbF7-K3NbF8 and to KF-K3TaF8, K2TaF7-K3TaF8 subsystems of the binary systems KF-K2NbF7 and KF-K2TaF7 in which the additive compounds K3NbF8 and K3TaF8 are formed. Using the phase diagram of the system KF-K2NbF7 determined by McCawley and Barclay (1971) and the values of the fusion enthalpy of K3NbF8 taken from literature, the intervals of the dissociation degree values of K3NbF8 for both branches of the liquidus curve of K3NbF8 were calculated. The calculated values of the dissociation degree depend on the coordinates of the liquidus curve of K3NbF8 of the pertinent phase diagram, on its used branch and section, and on the value of the fusion enthalpy of K3NbF8. For the measured fusion enthalpy of K3NbF8 (57 kJ mol−1), a common interval of the dissociation degree values of K3NbF8 for both branches of the liquidus curve of K3NbF8 is 0.71–0.72. Similarly, intervals of the dissociation degree values of K3TaF8 for both branches of the liquidus curve of K3TaF8 were calculated using the phase diagram of the system KF-K2TaF7 determined by Boča et al. (2007) and the measured fusion enthalpy of K3TaF8 ((52 ± 2) kJ mol−1). The error of the determination of the fusion enthalpy of K3TaF8, the common interval of the dissociation degree values of K3TaF8 for both branches of the liquidus curve of K3TaF8 is 0.68–0.69.
Synthesis of macrocyclic polyethers and polyether diesters and preparation of their cationic complexes
Authors: Ertul Şeref , Bedük A. , Bayrakci Mevlüt , Güler Ersin 
Published: October 2008

AbstractNew macrocyclic polyethers, 2,3,5,6-bis-[5′(5′)-chlorobenzo]-1,7,10-trioxacyclododeca-2,5-diene (I), 2,3,5,6-bis-[5′(5′)-chlorobenzo]-1,7,10,13-tetra oxacyclo pentadeca-2,5-diene (II), and 2,3,5,6-bis-[5′(5′)-chlorobenzo]-1,7,10,13,16-penta oxa cyclo octadeca-2,5-dien (III), and macrocylic lactones 2,3,5,6-bis-[5′(5′)-chlorobenzo]-1,7,10,13-tetraoxacyclopentadeca-2,5-diene-8,15-dione (IV) and 2,3,5,6-bis[5′(5′)-chlorobenzo]-1,7,10,13,16-pentaoxacyclooctadeca-2,5-diene-8,18-dione (V) were synthesized. Complexes of ligands III and V with metal cations were prepared. Furthermore, their metal-picrate extraction with some metal salts was attempted. Structures of the ligands and complexes were confirmed using spectroscopic techniques.
DFT-based quantum theory QSPR studies of molar heat capacity and molar polarization of vinyl polymers
Authors: Yu Xinliang , Yi Bing , Yu Wenhao , Wang Xueye 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIn this study, the DFT/B3LYP level of theory with the 6-31G (d) basis set was used to calculate a set of quantum chemical descriptors for structure units of vinyl polymers. These descriptors were used to predict the molar heat capacity of “liquid” at constant pressure (C P1(298 K)) and the molar Lorentz and Lorenz polarization (P LL). Two more physically meaningful quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) models obtained from the training sets applying multiple linear stepwise regression (MLR) analysis were evaluated externally using the test sets. Correlation coefficients between the predicted and the experimental values were: 0.998 for C P1(298 K) and 0.979 for P LL. The results indicate that the QSPR models constructed using quantum chemical descriptors can be applied to predict the properties of polymers confirming the role of quantum chemical descriptors in the QSPRs studies of polymers.
Structural and electronic effects involving pyridine rings in 4-methylpyridine Cu4OX6L4 complexes. II. Correlations based on molecular structure of the Cu4OCl6(4-Mepy)4 complex
Authors: Ondrejovič Gregor , Koman Marian , Kotočová Adela 
Published: October 2008

AbstractCorrelations involving bond lengths and bond angles in the molecular structure of the Cu4OCl6(4-Mepy)4 complex (4-Mepy = 4-methylpyridine) with four symmetrically independent molecules present in the unit cell showed that the donor-acceptor behavior involving the π-back donation into the pyridine rings of the 4-Mepy ligands is most effectively stimulated by a suitable orientation of the pyridine rings in the trigonal bipyramidal geometry. The pyridine ring planes are almost in parallel orientation with one of the three Cu-Cl bonds. The bond lengths of these Cu-Cl bonds are in a significant linear correlation with the Cu-N bond lengths and the bonds lengths of the pyridine rings. The pyridine rings orientation is affected by distortion of the trigonal bipyramidal geometry to tetragonal pyramidal coordination, by out-of plane pyridine rings deviation and in-plane pyridine rings tilting, by puckering of the pyridine rings and by the effects of the methyl groups. The pyridine rings in at least seven of the sixteen trigonal bipyramidal coordinations exhibit an orientation supporting the π-back bonding between the Cu(II) atoms and the pyridine rings.
Electrochemical behaviour of lanthanum fluoride in molten fluorides
Authors: Ambrová Marta , Jurišová Jana , Danielik Vladimír 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe electrochemical behaviour of lanthanum fluoride dissolved in molten lithium fluoride and in eutectic mixture LiF-CaF2 was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and laboratory electrolysis. The cyclic voltammetry experiments were carried out at 900°C and 800°C, respectively, in a graphite crucible (counter electrode). Several types of working electrodes (Mo, W, Ni and Cu) were used. Ni/Ni(II) was used as a reference electrode. Laboratory electrolysis was carried out in the system LiF-CaF2-LaF3 at 800°C in galvanostatic (j c = −0.21 A cm−2) and potentiostatic (E = 0.87 V) regimes. In both cases, nickel served as the cathode and graphite as the anode. It was found that no new separate reduction peak occurred on the molybdenum or tungsten electrodes in the investigated systems. When copper or nickel electrodes were used, new peaks corresponding to the reduction of lanthanum(III) to lanthanum metal appeared. This can be explained by the formation of alloys or intermetallic compounds of lanthanum with copper or nickel. X-ray microanalysis showed that lanthanum was electrodeposited together with calcium under formation of intermetallic compounds with the electrode materials in the galvanostatic regime. In the potentiostatic regime, mainly lanthanum was deposited, which enabled its separation.
Composition of the essential oil of Geocaryum cynapioides (Guss.) L. Engstrand
Authors: Radulović Niko , Đordević Nevenka , Zlatković Bojan , Palić Radosav 
Published: October 2008

AbstractVolatile constituents from two fresh samples of the subendemic Geocaryum cynapioides (Guss.) L. Engstrand (Apiaceae) obtained by hydrodistillation were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Forty four and one hundred-twenty three constituents identified in the oils accounted for 98.7 % and 98.4 % of the total oils, respectively. The major component of both oils was (E)-β-farnesene (73.3 % and 57.7 %) while the other major contributors were: (E,E)-α-farnesene (4.8 % and 14.6 %) and trans-sesquisabinene hydrate (12.2 % and 3.0 %). The constituents endo-fenchyl acetate, and three sesquiterpene lactones belonging to the selinane (callitrisin) and guaiane (grilactone and jalcaguaianolide) series, with a rather restricted natural occurrence, were present in only one of the samples (4.7 %, trace amount, 0.1 %, 0.5 %, respectively) and completely absent from the other distinguishing so the two samples. A chemotaxonomic discussion of the results is presented.
Silica sulfuric acid-catalyzed expeditious environment-friendly hydrolysis of carboxylic acid esters under microwave irradiation
Authors: Li Zheng , Liu Jing , Gong Xue , Mao Xuerong , Sun Xiunan , Zhao Zhouxing 
Published: October 2008

AbstractSilica sulfuric acid was found to be an efficient, recoverable, reusable and environment-friendly catalyst for the fast hydrolysis of various carboxylic acid esters in high conversions and selectivities under microwave irradiation conditions. This protocol has the advantages of no corrosion, no environmental pollution, high reaction rate, high yield, and simple work-up procedure.
Investigation of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole azodye derivatives as reagents for determination of mercury(II)
Authors: Khedr Abdalla 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe reaction of mercury(II) with 3-(2,4-dihydroxyphen-1-ylazo)-1,2,4-triazole (HL1), 3-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphen-1-ylazo)-1,2,4-triazole (HL2), 3-(2-hydroxy-5-ethoxycarbonylphen-1-ylazo)-1,2,4-triazole (HL3), 3-(2-hydroxy-5-acetylphen-1-ylazo)-1,2,4-triazole (HL4), 3-(2-hydroxy-5-formylphen-1-ylazo)-1,2,4-triazole (HL5), and 3-(2-hydroxy-5-bromophen-1-ylazo)-1,2,4-triazole (HL6) was studied. A new, direct, and simple procedure was suggested for the spectrophotometric determination of mercury(II) based on its complexation reaction with HL1-HL6. The best reagent was found to be HL3 due to its high sensitivity and selectivity. In aqueous media of pH 9.0 containing 40 vol. % of methanol, Hg(II) reacts with HL3 to form a 1:2 (Hg(II) · HL3) complex having a sensitive absorption peak at 490 nm with the molar extinction coefficient of 3.31 × 104 L mol−1 cm−1 using 4 × 10−4 M of the reagent. Beer’s law is obeyed over the range from 0.00 µg mL−1 to 12.04 µg mL−1 of mercury(II). The proposed method was applied in the determination of mercury(II) in tap water, seawater and synthetic seawater samples, without the need of prior treatment, with satisfactory results.
Prediction of anti-HIV activity and cytotoxicity of pyrimidinyl and triazinyl amines: A QSAR study
Authors: Ravichandran Veerasamy , Jain Abhishek , Mourya Vishnukanth , Agrawal Ram 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA QSAR study on a series of pyrimidinyl and triazinyl amines was performed to explore the physico-chemical parameters responsible for their anti-HIV activity and cytotoxicity. Physico-chemical parameters were calculated using WIN CAChe 6.1. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was carried out to derive QSAR models which were further evaluated for statistical significance and predictive power by internal and external validation. The selected best QSAR models showed correlation coefficient R of 0.914 and 0.901, and cross-validated squared correlation coefficient Q 2 of 0.685 and 0.691 for anti-HIV activity and cytotoxicity, respectively. The developed significant QSAR model indicates that hydrophobicity of the whole molecule plays an important role in the anti-HIV activity and cytotoxicity of pyrimidinyl and triazinyl amine derivatives. When hydrophobicity is increased, anti-HIV activity of the present series of compounds is decreased leading to high cytotoxicity.
Electrospray ionization mass spectra of pentoses, hexoses, and 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose
Authors: Brúder Peter , Macášek Fedor , Búriová Emília 
Published: October 2008

AbstractElectrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectra of hexoses, pentoses, and 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose (FDG) were investigated and compared using liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy (LC/MS). 18F-FDG is one of the most widely used radiopharmaceuticals. This work is aimed at the possible interpretations of ESI mass spectra and at the comparison of various pentoses (arabinose, ribose, xylose), and hexoses (glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose) which can be formed during the 18F-FDG’s synthesis or decomposition. As a result, nine major associates were found in the positive and four in the negative mass spectra of all examined saccharides of which intensities and mass can be used with their retention times to determine the saccharide. M · NH4+ and M · COOH− were identified as the most stable associates.
Rhizopus stolonifer LAU 07: a novel source of fructosyltransferase
Authors: Lateef Agbaje , Oloke Julius , Gueguim Kana Evariste , Oyeniyi Solomon , Onifade Olukemi , Oyeleye Ayokunmi , Oladosu Olabiyi 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIncreasing awareness of the importance of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) as ingredients of functional foods has led to intensive search of new sources of fructosyltransferases (FTase), enzymes responsible for the conversion of sucrose to fructooligosaccharides. A local strain of Rhizopus stolonifer isolated from spoilt orange fruit with high fructosyltransferase activity (U t) of 12.31–45.70 U mL−1 during a fermentation period of 24–120 h is herein reported. It showed low hydrolytic activity (U h) in the range of 0.86–1.78 U mL−1 during the same period. FOS yield of 34 % (1-kestose, GF2, nystose, GF3) was produced by FTase obtained from a 72 h-old culture using 60 g of sucrose per 100 mL of the substrate. When the isolate was grown in a defined submerged medium, its pH dropped sharply from the intial value of 5.5 to 1.0 within 24 h, and this value was maintained throughout the fermentation. The biomass content ranged from 8.8 g L−1 at 24 h of fermentation to reach the maximum of 10 g L−1 at 72 h. It was reduced to 5.6 g L−1 at the end of 120 h of fermentation. This report represents the first reference to a strain of Rhizopus as a source of FTase for the production of FOS. The high U t/U h ratio shown by this isolate indicates that it may be a good strain for the industrial and commercial production of FOS. However, there is a need of further optimization of the bioprocess to increase the conversion efficiency of sucrose to FOS by the enzyme.
Influence of solution composition and iron powder characteristics on reduction of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol
Authors: Kladeková Daniela , Heželová Mária 
Published: October 2008

AbstractKinetics of the 2,4,6-trinitrophenol reaction with iron powder was investigated voltammetrically. The process was found to be mainly governed both by the iron powder characteristics and by the solution composition. Degradation kinetics was generally represented by a pseudo-first-order rate law. Consecutively, the 2,4,6-trinitrophenol reduction reaction rates for three fractions of iron powder as well as the effect of individual ions presented in the reaction system were evaluated. A correlation between the reaction rate and both the grain size of iron particles and the state of their surface was found. The effect of the reaction system composition was investigated for two types of buffered medium: Britton-Robinson buffer (boric acid, orthophosphoric acid, and glacial acetic acid) and acetate buffer solution (sodium acetate and acetic acid).
Collagen-grafted ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene for biomedical applications
Authors: Bočková Jindřiška , Vojtová Lucy , Přikryl Radek , Čechal Jan , Jančář Josef 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA novel material for hard tissue implants has been prepared. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) was grafted with collagen I, to improve its biocompatibility with soft tissue in case of its usage in bone engineering. Before collagen immobilization, commercial grade UHMWPE was treated with air plasma to introduce hydroperoxides onto the surface and subsequently grafted with carboxylic acid to functionalize the surface. Acrylic acid and itaconic acid were used for surface functionalization. After graft polymerization of carboxylic acids, collagen was immobilized covalently through the amide bonds between residual amino and carboxyl groups in the presence of water-soluble carbodiimide/hydroxysuccinimide cross-linking system. Each step of modification was characterized using spectroscopic (EPR, ATR-FTIR, and XPS), microscopic (SEM and CLSM), and contact angle measurement methods. The experimental results showed that plasma treatment led to a generation of free radicals on the UHMWPE surface resulting in the formation of unstable hydroperoxides. These reactive species were used to graft unsaturated carboxylic acids onto UHMWPE. Consequently, collagen was grafted via the-NH2 and-COOH reaction. The obtained experimental data along with microscopic observations confirmed the success of graft poly-merization of itaconic as well as of acrylic acid and collagen immobilization onto the UHMWPE surface.
Photolytic degradation of triclosan in the presence of surfactants
Authors: Chen Zhongliang , Song Qijun , Cao Guangqun , Chen Yanfei 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe formation of 2,8-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,8-DCDD) in the photolytic degradation of triclosan has evoked a great concern for its safety and environmental fate. The photochemical behaviour of triclosan in daily-used chemical products, in which triclosan is present in relatively high concentrations and coexists with surfactants, was, however, addressed less frequently. The present work is focused on the mechanistic aspects of triclosan photodegradation in an aqueous medium with a relatively high concentration (≥ 30 mg L−1) and on the influence of pH (8.7 and 10.5) and surfactants (Triton X100, SDS, and CTMAB) on this process. The results demonstrated that photodegradation was strongly affected by the pH and the presence of surfactants. Photodegradation products, including 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), 5-chloro-2-(4-chlorophenoxyl)-phenol, 2,8-DCDD, dimers, trimers, and other intermediates, were identified. Based on the analysis of photoproducts, homolytic scission of ether bond, dechlorination, ring closure, and photo-polymerisation were proposed as the main routes of triclosan photodegradation.
Photoswitching of a heptanuclear FeII-FeIII complex — A case of multifunctional magnetic materials
Authors: Boča Roman , Šalitroš Ivan 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA heptanuclear mixed-valence complex of the type [{FeIIIL5(NC)}6FeII] has been synthesised and characterised by analytical methods (L5 stands for a pentadentate Schiff-base ligand). Light of different wavelengths was applied inside a SQUID magnetometer at low temperatures and various magnetic fields in order to investigate the response function (magnetisation) depending on temperature, magnetic field, and wavelength. The irradiation with various wavelengths caused a significant decrease of the bulk magnetisation in the present case. In the applied field, photoswitching is a fast and well reproducible process.
Clinico-haematological effect of selected NSAID in the treatment of experimentally produced myositis in goat
Authors: Aktaruzzaman M , Alam J , Rahman A , Hossain MM 
Published: October 2008

The present study was performed in the Department of Medicine and in Veterinary clinic of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh from January to June 2002. Myositis was produced experimentally by injecting oil of turpentine in the gluteal muscles of 4 goats of which 2 goats were given treatment with Diclofenac sodium @1mg/kg body weight (treatment group) for consecutive 3 days and remaining 2 goats were reared as control without giving treatment (control group). All the goats were observed for 7 days. Myositis was characterized by reduced appetite, increased body temperature (1-2Â°F), lameness, local swelling and cellular changes in blood level. The appetite in both groups reduced sharply from 1st day of myositis and improved from day 2 and became normal on 3rd day after treatment. Body temperature reduced to normal level from 2nd day after administration of diclofenac sodium but in control group, it came down in the same condition from 4th day onward. Moderate lameness was observed in all the goats of both groups. In treatment group lameness reduced completely in 100% goats after 2 consecutive days of treatment but in control group similar result was observed on day 6. Moderate local swelling was reduced to normal level in treatment group 2 days post treatment remain moderate in control group. Total leukocyte count (TLC) was increased significantly (p < 0.05) in both groups in myositic condition than in healthy condition and it came down to normal level in treatment group 3 days post treatment and in control group it remained higher. Similar changes were observed in Neutrophil count. The number of lymphocyte was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) in myositic condition than in healthy ones which again reached to normal level within 3 days of treatment. Key words: Myositis, goat, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v6i1.1345 Bangl. Â J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (1): 99-102