bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-intensity body building exercise induced rhabdomyolysis: a case report
Authors: Gagliano Massimiliano , Corona Daniela , Giuffrida Giuseppe , Giaquinta Alessia , Tallarita Tiziano , Zerbo Domenico , Sorbello Massimiliano , Paratore Annalaura , Virgilio Carla , Cappellani Alessandro , Veroux Pierfrancesco , Veroux Massimiliano 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIntroductionRhabdomyolysis is a severe and debilitating condition that promotes muscle breakdown and is a relatively rare, not always diagnosed cause of acute renal failure (ARF) with an 8–20% reported incidence. Exertional rhabdomyolysis only appears in adult patients 24–48 h after strenuous activities as military basic training, weight lifting, and marathon running.Case presentationA 30-year-old man was admitted to our department because of weakness and painful swelling of the muscles as well as dark urine appearing 24 h after carrying out a body-building exercises of low intensity. The development of an acute exertional rhabdomyolysis was confirmed by the increased serum enzyme levels and myoglobinuria. The patient was treated with intravenous sodium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate. The nephrotoxicity of myoglobin was decreased by forced alkaline diuresis.ConclusionThe reported case emphasizes the occurrence of acute rhabdomyolysis even in those who underwent a low-intensity exercise. A proper treatment is mandatory to avoid a sudden worsening of clinical conditions eventually evolving to acute renal failure.
Brimonidine Tartrate Poisoning in Children: Frequency, Trends, and Use of Naloxone as an Antidote
Authors: Becker Melisa Lai , Huntington Noelle , Woolf Alan D. 
Published: January 2009

BACKGROUND. Brimonidine tartrate, a centrally acting selective α-2 adrenergic agonist with a toxicity that is often compared with that of clonidine, is used as eye drops to lower intraocular pressure in glaucoma. We investigated characteristics of childhood exposures to brimonidine-containing products.
METHODS. All brimonidine exposures in children 0 to 5 years of age between 1997 and 2005 were retrieved from the American Association of Poison Control Centers' Toxic Exposure Surveillance System database and the US Food and Drug Administration's Medwatch Adverse Events Reporting System. The design of the study was retrospective, and the main outcome measures were frequency of exposures over time, reason, symptoms/signs of toxicity, dose, management site, treatment, and outcome.
RESULTS. There were 413 brimonidine reports in the Toxic Exposure Surveillance System and 340 in the Adverse Events Reporting System during the 9 years under study, of which 185 Toxic Exposure Surveillance System reports involved children ≤5 years of age versus 15 cases in the Adverse Events Reporting System. There were no deaths. The peak age of poisoning in the Toxic Exposure Surveillance System pediatric cases was 2 years of age, and circumstances were unintentional poisoning in 176 cases, usually by ingestion (84.3%). Common symptoms in 176 children included drowsiness (40.9%), ataxia (4.5%), pallor (4.5%), irritability (4.0%), hypotension (4.0%), bradycardia (4.0%), miosis (3.4%), and respiratory depression (3.4%). Of the 176 unintentional pediatric poisonings, 73 children were observed at home and 103 were seen at a health care facility; 28 were hospitalized and 11 received naloxone. Of the 15 pediatric cases in the Adverse Events Reporting System data set, all were hospitalized, and 13 had ocular exposures only.
CONCLUSIONS. All children ≤5 years of age with confirmed brimonidine ingestions should be medically evaluated and monitored for an extended period. Indications for the use of naloxone in brimonidine poisoning remain uncertain.
A New Approach to Multiple Fault Diagnosis: A Combination of Diagnostic Matrices, Graphs, Algebraic and Rule-Based Models. The Case of Two-Layer Models
Authors: Ligęza Antoni , Kościelny Jan 
Published: January 2009

A New Approach to Multiple Fault Diagnosis: A Combination of Diagnostic Matrices, Graphs, Algebraic and Rule-Based Models. The Case of Two-Layer ModelsThe diagnosis of multiple faults is significantly more difficult than singular fault diagnosis. However, in realistic industrial systems the possibility of simultaneous occurrence of multiple faults must be taken into account. This paper investigates some of the limitations of the diagnostic model based on the simple binary diagnostic matrix in the case of multiple faults. Several possible interpretations of the diagnostic matrix with rule-based systems are provided and analyzed. A proposal of an extension of the basic, single-level model based on diagnostic matrices to a two-level one, founded on causal analysis and incorporating an OR and an AND matrix is put forward. An approach to the diagnosis of multiple faults based on inconsistency analysis is outlined, and a refinement procedure using a qualitative model of dependencies among system variables is sketched out.
Actuator Fault Tolerance in Control Systems with Predictive Constrained Set-Point Optimizers
Authors: Marusak Piotr , Tatjewski Piotr 
Published: January 2009

Actuator Fault Tolerance in Control Systems with Predictive Constrained Set-Point OptimizersMechanisms of fault tolerance to actuator faults in a control structure with a predictive constrained set-point optimizer are proposed. The structure considered consists of a basic feedback control layer and a local supervisory set-point optimizer which executes as frequently as the feedback controllers do with the aim to recalculate the set-points both for constraint feasibility and economic performance. The main goal of the presented reconfiguration mechanisms activated in response to an actuator blockade is to continue the operation of the control system with the fault, until it is fixed. This may be even long-term, if additional manipulated variables are available. The mechanisms are relatively simple and consist in the reconfiguration of the model structure and the introduction of appropriate constraints into the optimization problem of the optimizer, thus not affecting the numerical effectiveness. Simulation results of the presented control system for a multivariable plant are provided, illustrating the efficiency of the proposed approach.
Decomposition Of The Symptom Observation Matrix And Grey Forecasting In Vibration Condition Monitoring Of Machines
Authors: Cempel Czesław 
Published: January 2009

Decomposition Of The Symptom Observation Matrix And Grey Forecasting In Vibration Condition Monitoring Of MachinesWith the tools of modern metrology we can measure almost all variables in the phenomenon field of a working machine, and many of the measured quantities can be symptoms of machine conditions. On this basis, we can form a symptom observation matrix (SOM) intended for condition monitoring and wear trend (fault) identification. On the other hand, we know that contemporary complex machines may have many modes of failure, called faults. The paper presents a method of the extraction of the information about faults from the symptom observation matrix by means of singular value decomposition (SVD), in the form of generalized fault symptoms. As the readings of the symptoms can be unstable, the moving average of the SOM is applied with success. An attempt to assess the diagnostic contribution of a primary symptom is made, and also an approach to assess the symptom limit value and to connect the SVD methodology with neural nets is considered. Finally, a condition forecasting problem is discussed and an application of grey system theory (GST) to symptom prognosis is presented. These possibilities are illustrated by processing data taken directly from the machine vibration condition monitoring area.
Cyanobacterial hepatotoxins, microcystins and nodularins, in fresh and brackish waters of the Pomeranian Province, northern Poland
Authors: Mazur-Marzec Hanna , Spoof Lisa , Kobos Justyna , Pliński Marcin , Meriluoto Jussi 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) and structurally related nodularins (NODs) are hepatotoxic cyclic peptides produced by bloom-forming cyanobacteria. These toxins have been implicated in the deaths of wild and domestic animals as well as in incidents of human illness. Cyanobacterial toxins occurring in the fresh and brackish waters of the Pomeranian Province, northern Poland were characterized in this study. Water samples collected from seven lakes in August and September 2005 were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and protein phosphatase inhibition assay (PPIA). Cyanobacterial toxins present in field samples and in an isolated strain of Planktothrix agardhii were also characterized by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). In most of the fresh water samples MC-LR, MC-RR and MC-YR dominated. In the lakes where P. agardhii was most abundant demethylated microcystin variants tentatively identified as [D-Asp3]MC-LR, [D-Asp3]MC-YR and [D-Asp3]MC-RR, were found. Total concentrations of the toxins measured by HPLC ranged from 0.1 μg 1-1 to 305.4 μg 1-1. Nodularia spumigena bloom samples were collected from brackish waters of the Gulf of Gdańsk, southern Baltic, and LC-ISP-MS/MS of extract from these revealed the presence of two geometrical isomers of linear nodularin and nodularin variant with aspartic acid methyl ester [MeAsp1(OMe)]NOD.
Katja — the 24th week of virtual pregnancy for dosimetric calculations
Authors: Becker Janine , Zankl Maria , Fill Ute , Hoeschen Christoph 
Published: January 2009

Katja — the 24th week of virtual pregnancy for dosimetric calculations
Virtual human models, a.k.a. voxel models, are currently the state of the art in radiation protection for computing organ irradiation doses without difficult or morally unfeasible experiments. They are based on medical image data of human patients and offer a realistic, three dimensional representation of human anatomy.
We present our newest voxel model Katja, a virtual woman in the 24th week of pregnancy. Katja integrates two previous voxel models, one obtained from the abdominal MRI scan of a pregnant patient and an already segmented model of a non-pregnant woman. The latter is the ICRP-AF, fitting the reference values for standard height, weight and organ masses given by the Internationals Committee of Radiological Protection (ICRP). The dataset was altered in order to fit the segmented foetus taken from the abdominal MRI scan. The resulting pregnant woman model, Katja, complies with the ICRP reference values for the adult female.
The Effect of Organic Amendments from Brassicaceae and Solanaceae Plants and Trichoderma harzianum on the Development of Verticillium dahliae Kleb.
Authors: Smolińska Urszula , Kowalska Beata 
Published: January 2009

The Effect of Organic Amendments from Brassicaceae and Solanaceae Plants and Trichoderma harzianum on the Development of Verticillium dahliae Kleb.
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of plant material from Brassicaceae and Solanaceae plants, containing biologically active compounds, and antagonistic microorganisms on survival of microsclerotia and development of Verticillium wilt of eggplant. Water extracts from tomato and rapeseed plants added to the agar media showed negative effect on the development of fungus Verticillium dahliae. The most toxic effect was observed for the fresh extract from tomato green parts. The pasteurization or sterilization of extracts in an autoclave decreased their detrimental effect. The addition of water extracts from rapeseed and tomato plants also hampered growth of mycelia and development of V. dahliae microsclerotia on Czapek-Dox medium with cellophane. The addition of rapeseed meal, water extracts from rapeseed meal or tomato plants, significantly decreased number of V. dahliae propagules in the soil. Also, the inoculation of soil with antagonistic fungus Trichoderma harzianum strain PBG decreased population of V. dahliae in soil samples. The plant material and T. harzianum strain PBG had positive effect on the growth and yield of eggplants in the soil infested with microsclerotia of V. dahliae. However, the most beneficial effect exerted fumigation of the infested soil with Nemazin 97 XX (97% dazomet), used in this experiment as a reference treatment.
The Influence of Spinosad and Azadirachtin on Beneficial Fauna Naturally Occurring on Cabbage Crops
Authors: Nawrocka Bożenna 
Published: January 2009

The Influence of Spinosad and Azadirachtin on Beneficial Fauna Naturally Occurring on Cabbage Crops
The influence of spinosad (SpinTor 480 SC) and azadirachtin (Neem Azal T/S) on beneficial fauna naturally occurring on cabbage crops was evaluated in field experiments conducted in years 2004-2006. The insecticides were applied as a plant spray in field recommended dosages i.e. 96 g of active ingredient (a.i.) per ha for spinosad and 24 ml a.i. per ha for azadirachtin. The effect of direct contact of larva or adult of Coccinellidae ssp., Syrphidae spp. and Chrysopidae ssp. and the percentage of cabbage aphid parasited by Diaeretiella rapae M'Intosh with residues on leaves were observed on the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st day after treatment. The results obtained in conducted experiments indicated that there was no influence of two tested insecticides on the reduction of above mentioned groups of predators and parasite. The number of beneficial fauna occurring on treated cabbage plants was similar to those present on control plots.
Yielding and Fruit Quality of Three Sweet Pepper Cultivars from Organic and Conventional Cultivation
Authors: Szafirowska Anna , Elkner Krystyna 
Published: January 2009

Yielding and Fruit Quality of Three Sweet Pepper Cultivars from Organic and Conventional Cultivation
The investigations were undertaken to study the effect of cultivar and growing system (organic vs. conventional) on sweet pepper (Capsicum annum L.) yielding, fruit morphology and antioxidants content.
Two hybrids Caryca and Roberta and one open pollinated cultivar Mercedes all of the Polish origin were compared during 2007 and 2008 in the field experiments. Conventional production was based on mineral fertilization and chemical plant protection, while organic relied on compost fertilization and stabilized ecosystem with no chemical used according to EU Regulation 2092/91 for organic farming. The results revealed a good response of bell pepper to organic cultivation system. Marketable fruit yield was higher and morphological characters better from organic cultivation. The content of human health beneficial compounds such as acsorbic acid, total flavonoids, soluble phenols and beta- carotene were investigated at the red stage of fruit maturity. Both the cultivar and growing method influenced the level of examined compounds. Pepper fruits obtained from organic cultivation system comprised higher amount of vitamin C, beta-carotene total flavonoids and polyphenols than from the conventional. Roberta F1 revealed the higher content of vitamin C, beta-carotene than Caryca F1 and Mercedes. Moreover cultivar Roberta F1 demonstrated the highest level of polyphenols in both cultivation systems.
Effect of Long Term Storage on Some Nutritive Components and Isothiocyanates Content in Roots of Two Horseradish Types
Authors: Kosson Ryszard , Horbowicz Marcin 
Published: January 2009

Effect of Long Term Storage on Some Nutritive Components and Isothiocyanates Content in Roots of Two Horseradish Types
During two-years experiments the effect of long-term storage in cold room (0-1°C) on content of some nutritive constituents including isothiocyanates (ITC) in horseradish roots cultivated in Poland and Hungary was studied. Freshly harvested roots of Polish horseradish contained higher content of analyzed allyl- and phenylethyl-isothiocyantes (AITC and PEITC) in comparison to horseradish of Hungarian origin. Level of both ITCs affect the hot taste of horseradish products, so it seems that roots of Polish horseradish are more suitable for such production. During long-term storage in cold room variation of content of both isothicyanates were observed, but mean level of the pungent compounds: AITC and PEITC, remained relatively high, what is important for processing of the vegetable, and quality of products. During long term storage of both horseradish roots types in cold room the significant decline of ascorbic acid content was noted, but after 10 months storage period its level was still high.
Appraisal of suspended sediment concentration on reference level according to van Rijn's method
Authors: Michalec Bogusław 
Published: January 2009

Appraisal of suspended sediment concentration on reference level according to van Rijn's method
Appraisal of suspended sediment concentration on reference level according to van Rijn's method. The paper presents the results of sediment concentration measurements in the River Dłubnia at differentiated discharges of 0.44 m-3·s-1, 1.96 m-3·s-1 and 7.41 m-3·s-1. The elaborated concentration profiles based on hydrometric measurements permitted determination of Ca concentration on reference level "a" above the bed. The obtained reference concentrations were compared with the values obtained from calculations by use of van Rijn's formula. It was found that the calculated Ca concentration, applying the van Rijn's formula, is over five times higher than determined from concentration profiles. In order to obtain Ca concentration values, calculated by use of the empiric formula, approximate to real values coefficient correction must be determined. The elaborated preliminary estimation of the possibility of van Rijn's formula application for determination of this concentration on the reference level "a" above the bed showed that application of this method for appraisal of Ca concentration, by use van Rijn's formula, performed in the Dłubnia river of the catchment of the Upper Vistula river may be charged by errors. A faulty calculation of suspension sediment transport applying van Rijn's method may also point to it. Adoption of this method needs further verification and adaptation.
The use of dilatometer test for the determination of undrained shear strength in organic soils
Authors: Rabarijoely Simon 
Published: January 2009

The use of dilatometer test for the determination of undrained shear strength in organic soils
The use of dilatometer test for the determination of undrained shear strength in organic soils. In engineering practice the empirical correlations or charts are often use to determine soil properties for design calculations. The DMT tests results are analysed on the basis of the empirical formulas proposed by Marchetti (1980). In this paper the new chart to determine the τfu of organic mud was proposed. The chart presents the relationships between dilatometer readings (p0 - u0), (p1 - u0), σ'v0 and τfu. The chart will be helpful in geotechnical design of embankments constructed on organic subsoil.
Evaluation of nonwoven geotextile as a filtration layer for internally unstable soils
Authors: Wojtasik Dariusz 
Published: January 2009

Evaluation of nonwoven geotextile as a filtration layer for internally unstable soils
Evaluation of nonwoven geotextile as a filtration layer for internally unstable soil. This paper presents the laboratory tested results evaluating the performance of three nonwoven geotextile material used as filtration layer to protect for three internally unstable soils. Test research was performed in apparatus ASTM-D-5101 (1990) which was modified through installed additional piezometers in distance 4 mm and 8 mm above geotextile material tested. Applied piezometers ensure measurements pressure in layer of soil situated near fabric. Laboratory test were performed for total hydraulic gradient in range i = 1 to 10. Base on the test result the relationship for the evaluation of the change soil gradient ratio (soil layers 17 and 4 mm above the geotextile) is proposed.
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Levels in Different Grades of Protein Energy Malnutrition
Authors: Chowdhury Md Serajul Islam , Rahman ABM Ziaur , Haque Mahmudul , Nahar Nazibun , Taher Abu 
Published: January 2009

The present study was designed to analyze serum AST, ALT levels in different grades of protein energy malnutrition to facilitate early diagnosis, management and rehabilitation of PEM. The serum AST and ALT levels of 50 children of aged 5months to 5 years of both sexes were studied. Among them, 30 children suffering from protein energy malnutrition of 3 different grades were selected for experimental group. Age and sex matched 20 apparently healthy children with no systemic disorder and with weight/height ratio greater than 80% were included in control group. Serum AST and ALT levels were measured by kinetic ultraviolet method according to International Federation of Clinical Chemistry. Data were analyzed statistically by un-paired student 't' test. Mean Serum AST and ALT levels of different grades of protein energy malnutrition were significantly higher (p<0.001) than that of control. Values of mean serum AST and ALT levels were highest in grade-I PEM and it were significantly higher (p<0.001) than both grade-II and grade-III. Again mean serum AST and ALT levels were significantly higher (p<0.001) in grade-II PEM than that of grade-III PEM. The elevated levels of serum AST and ALT is due to tissue break down and hepatobiliary disorder. The results of this study indicate that serum ALT and AST levels are increased in PEM which varies according to its severity. Key Words: Aminotranserase; Malnutrition; Protein DOI:10.3329/jbsp.v2i0.978 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2007 Dec;(2): 17-19.
Doctors Vision Regarding Undergraduate Medical Curriculum of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md Mohidur , Rahman Shafiqur , Begum Noorzahan , Asaduzzaman AKM , Firoz Ahmed , Shahjahan Md , Metul Morshida Sikder , Nabi Chawdhury Md Golam 
Published: January 2009

This study was done to identify the lacking in conducting MBBS course-curriculum of Bangladesh. For this purpose a descriptive survey was done among 30 MBBS doctors (Passed within 10 years) of Faridpur district. No internship doctors were included. Self-administered unstructured questionnaire was supplied to them and qualitative analysis of data was done. Majority doctors dissatisfied with (i) Gaining knowledge and skill (ii) Environment of medical colleges (iii) Teaching method (iv) Less MCQ (v) Existing viva-voce (vi) Library facilities (vi) Less clinical symposium. Key Words: Under Graduate; Medical Education; Curriculum; Doctor; Bangladesh DOI:10.3329/jbsp.v2i0.986 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2007 Dec;(2): 54-59.