bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of radical product innovations
Authors: Herrmann Andreas , Tomczak Torsten , Befurt Rene 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTime and time again companies with leading positions in the market place lose their dominance when a radical change occurs in the technological basis. In some cases, the survival of companies is in jeopardy because old technology‐investments hinder managers from adopting new technologies. Following on from the resource‐based view, the purpose of this paper is to develop an approach which explains the ability of a company to generate radical product innovations through the willingness of managers and employees to put aside their existing knowledge and acquire new skills.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses a causal analytic model to demonstrate the key influences on radical product innovations. The model incorporates formative indicators and we use a partial least squares approach to fit it. Since the central termini of this approach embody hypothetical constructs, causal modeling is the best‐suited approach to capture complex theoretical phenomena.FindingsThe results show that the willingness to abandon investments strongly determines radical product innovations. There obviously are key elements for cutting off traditional‐style investments with respect to new ideas that in turn foster radical outcomes.Research limitations/implicationsSince a causal analytic model is used, can be pictured a “real‐world” innovation making process only to a certain extent. Even though this paper covers only a partial view of reality, it cannot fundament an approach that is absolutely free of errors. As for any other model, retests are suggested.Originality/valueThis paper extends the 1998 findings of Tellis and Chandy by offering a more detailed analysis of radical innovation drivers. Results address researchers as well as practitioners, providing insights on coping with difficulties of abandoning traditional investments.
An entrepreneurial decision process model describing opportunity recognition
Authors: Pech Richard J. , Cameron Alan 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to expand upon existing theories of entrepreneurial cognitions. It constructs an information‐processing framework of entrepreneurship (I‐Pe) that holistically maps out the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition process. This framework demonstrates how various entrepreneurial needs and attitudes, as well as entrepreneurial motivators, impact on the diagnosis and assessment of informational cues. It describes how opportunity‐related information is processed by entrepreneurs in order to reach a decision of acceptance or rejection of potential business opportunities.Design/methodology/approachThe paper commences with a case study of New Zealand's winner of the Entrepreneur of the Year Award, Bill Day and his company Seaworks, a marine contracting firm. The case content is based on personal interviews by the authors as well as secondary data. The case describes how Seaworks achieved its current level of success. A number of Bill Day's uniquely entrepreneurial behaviours are then mapped into a cognitive framework describing influential elements of the entrepreneurial decision processes. This framework is derived from interdisciplinary research encompassing the study of entrepreneurship, psychology and cognitive neuroscience.FindingsEntrepreneurs have a heightened ability and awareness for recognising and audaciously exploiting business opportunities. They persistently and continually seek opportunity‐laden information in order to satisfy internal motivators such as need for achievement and the fulfilment of competitive urges. The case study describes an entrepreneurial mind that is attracted and stimulated by elements of excitement and fun. This entrepreneur is driven by business challenges that match and stretch his skills, knowledge, and abilities. Business related informational cues are sought and processed to calculate profit potential, the level of risk, and the cost of enactment. Final calculations are filtered. Benefits and potentially positive outcomes are amplified in the calculation process, while potential complications are regarded as challenges to be overcome rather than obstacles to be avoided.Practical implicationsThe I‐Peframework derived from this research clearly demonstrates uniquely entrepreneurial decision processes. It advances our understanding of entrepreneurial cognitions and entrepreneurial decision behaviours, which has applications for the teaching of business skills as well as increasing our understanding of the phenomenon that has been termed “entrepreneurship”.Originality/valueThis paper is based on an original case study written by the authors and integrates cognitive theory within the context of entrepreneurial behaviour in order to explain why entrepreneurs are so successful at recognising and exploiting opportunities.
Innovation in disruptive regulatory environments
Authors: Pilkington Alan , Dyerson Romano 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the development of the electric vehicle, technological capabilities of incumbents and would‐be new entrants in the auto industry. These are discussed with reference to US regulatory moves towards zero emission standards to provide a new framework for identifying the potential success of various types of regulation and the technological capabilities they demand.Design/methodology/approachMethodologically, a two pronged approach is adopted whereby US patents are analysed to quantitatively confirm the presented case‐based evidence on responses to emission regulation. The paper also discusses the use of patents as a means of examining technological development.FindingsThe paper shows the significant need for market protection for disruptive innovation and that a limiting factor of success in regulation occurs when radical technology is demanded.Originality/valueA new framework is presented for identifying the potential success of various types of regulation by linking to the technological capabilities they demand and identifies the significant need for market protection for disruptive innovation. This implies that a limiting factor of success in regulation occurs when radical technology is demanded.
How leaders influence employees' innovative behaviour
Authors: de Jong Jeroen P.J. , Den Hartog Deanne N. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo provide an inventory of leader behaviours likely to enhance employees' innovative behaviour, including idea generation and application behaviour.Design/methodology/approachBased on a combination of literature research and in‐depth interviews, the paper explores leadership behaviours that stimulate employees' idea generation and application behaviour. The study was carried out in knowledge‐intensive service firms (e.g. consultants, researchers, engineers).FindingsIt was found that there were 13 relevant leadership behaviours. Although innovative behaviour is crucial in such firms, it has received very little attention from researchers. Leaders influence employees' innovative behaviour both through their deliberate actions aiming to stimulate idea generation and application as well as by their more general, daily behaviour.Research limitations/implicationsFuture quantitative research could condense our overview of leader practices, explore which practices are most relevant to employees' idea generation and/or application behaviour, which contingency factors influence the leadership‐innovative behaviour connection and provide information as to whether different practices are relevant in other types of firms.Originality/valueNeither the innovation nor the leadership field provides a detailed overview of specific behaviours that leaders might use to stimulate innovation by individual employees. This paper fills that void.
Social cognitive theory in technological innovations
Authors: Ratten Vanessa , Ratten Hamish 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to understand the behavior that Australian youths have towards wireless application protocol (WAP) banking.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on a quantitative study of the youth market in Australia. Social cognitive theory is utilized to support a conceptual model that is empirically tested.FindingsThe major finding from the research is that the conceptual model is partially supported which indicates the immaturity of WAP technology.Originality/valueSocial cognitive theory provides a useful explanation for youth's intentions to use WAP technology in the banking industry. The youth market is an early adopter of technology that presents a good indicator of future market potential.
Staff development and performance appraisal in a Brazilian research centre
Authors: Lourenço Ubeda Cristina , Cesar Almada Santos Fernando 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to analyse the staff development and performance appraisal in a Brazilian research centre.Design/methodology/approachThe key issues of this case study are: the main organisational changes which have taken place over the last decades; the aspects of the organisational structure that have either contributed to or hindered competence‐based management; the development of necessary researchers' competences related to main projects and processes and the way of appraising the development of their competences. The analysis of this paper was carried out considering the following phases: strategic planning, specifications of projects and processes, competence‐based management and performance appraisal of researchers.FindingsAlthough integration was found between the performance measurement and strategic plans defined by the research centre, competence‐based management is still centred on individuals and based on their tasks. The link between researchers' competences and their social context is not considered.Originality/valueFeedback from the results of research projects and recycling of organisational processes would allow the studied organisation not only to identify the individual competences necessary for each activity, but also to improve the relationship between professional growth and innovation brought about by competitive strategies of companies.
Product counterfeiting, non‐consensual acquisition of technology and new product development
Authors: Trott P. , Hoecht A. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo examine the literature on counterfeit products and explore whether imitation and counterfeit product activities can actually facilitate the development of new products.Design/methodology/approachThe paper examines the dominant school of thought on counterfeit products that characterises it as a significant economic and social problem throughout the world, and develops an alternative school of thought, which focuses on the overlooked benefits of imitation and counterfeit activities. The paper suggests that the concepts of counterfeit and imitation are often misrepresented as powerful lobby groups present their cases.FindingsThis paper argues that while some counterfeit firms adopt short‐term profit motives other counterfeit firms demonstrate a longer‐term motive which manifests itself in an ability to reverse engineer, imitate and learn. Such firms may be suitable long‐term partners, in particular for multinational firms with operations in transition economies. Thus, firms face a difficult strategic choice when faced with product counterfeiters that of whether to fight or co‐operate.Practical implicationsCompanies need to improve their risk management, in particular in their foreign market entry and collaborative strategies. Companies should seek to take a long‐term view and to protect their technology‐based competitive advantage. Furthermore, copyright and trademark holders need to positively identify collaborators and to offer sufficiently attractive prospects for these business partners to keep them “on the straight and narrow” and to benefit from the contribution they can make.Originality/valueThis paper brings together in a clear and coherent way an alternative perspective on counterfeiting products, which challenges the dominant perspective. This is based on recognising that reverse engineering (RE) and imitation form an essential part of the product innovation process.
SME exporting challenges in transitional and developed economies
Authors: Neupert Kent E. , Baughn C. Christopher , Thanh Lam Dao Thi 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThis research seeks to extend earlier work by Scharf et al. (2001) that examined the challenges faced by SMEs along their path of internationalization. In particular, the internationalization process in transitional and developed economies is examined.Design/methodology/approachThe central research methodology for the project uses a qualitative approach involving the in‐depth investigation of a “critical incident.” The incident explored is the firm's “worst nightmare” or “biggest challenge” in conducting international business. Respondents are asked to “tell the story” of the “critical incident”, its nature and consequences.FindingsSME exporters in the transitional economy encountered export problems related to product quality acceptance and logistics management. In comparison, SME exporters in the developed economy faced issues such as country differences, general business risk, and logistics.Research limitations/implicationsThe research methodology provides both limitations and benefits. This type of in‐depth critical incident analysis lends itself to small sample sizes, in this paper 29 cases. The limitation is the generalizability of the findings because of the small sample. The benefit is that the methodology yields an in‐depth understanding of the challenges faced by SME exporters.Originality/valueThis paper extends earlier work examining challenges faced by SMEs by comparing the experiences of managers in two different economic environments and finding differences in their respective challenges.
Co‐entrepreneurial ventures
Authors: O'Connor Valerie , Hamouda Angela , McKeon Helen , Henry Colette , Johnston Kate 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to discuss the nature of co‐entrepreneurs (i.e. those companies that have a mixture of male and female founding members) within the ICT sector in Ireland. For the purposes of this paper, the term “co‐entrepreneurship” is used to describe male and female business partnerships. The characteristics of co‐entrepreneurs; their educational, skills and family backgrounds; their current role in the company, and the nature of the team founder structure are examined. A discussion on why the team approach was selected is also included. Other issues explored in the paper include the shareholding percentage of the co‐entrepreneurs and the extent to which the business has a lead entrepreneur.Design/methodology/approachIn 2003 the authors compiled a database of 1,026 indigenous ICT companies, which were electronically surveyed for information regarding software production, ownership of company and gender of founding members. A total of 24 per cent (81) of the responding companies from this survey indicated that there was a mixture of male and female founding members. These companies were subsequently sent another survey designed to gather information on company background, profiles of co‐entrepreneurs, co‐entrepreneurs' motivational factors and co‐entrepreneurs' roles. A total of 34 (43 per cent) of the companies responded, of which 23 were suitable for the research.FindingsThe findings of the study indicate that the family business or spouse/partner structure represents a major component of mixed gender companies in the ICT sector in Ireland, and that such companies tend to be small, with well‐educated and experienced founders.Originality/valueA particularly interesting contribution of this paper is the provision of insights into the co‐entrepreneurial partnership through identifying the key differences between the male and female co‐founders. A key conclusion of the study is that there would appear to be a recognition among co‐entrepreneurs that complementary skills and knowledge are critically important in the exploitation of new business opportunities, especially in the IT industry.
Corporate real estate strategy in the UK and Malaysia
Authors: Ali Zaiton , McGreal Stanley , Adair Alastair , Webb James R. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to compare corporate real estate (CRE) strategies of companies in a mature market, the UK, with companies in an emerging market, Malaysia, and examine whether CRE strategy impacts on financial performance.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology involved the analysis of the reporting of CRE strategies in company reports for two time periods, 1998 and 2003. Multivariate models were used to test the relationship between CRE strategy and financial performance.FindingsThe results show that a high percentage of companies have CRE strategies that map to the Nourse and Roulac framework, though some companies had alternative or no CRE strategies. Variations are apparent between the UK and Malaysia and between the time periods with differences in the clarity of reporting. The contribution of CRE strategy to financial performance is more significant in 2003.Research limitations/implicationsThe testing of relationships based on another framework, would allow comparisons to be made with the current study in determining the potential of CRE strategy.Originality/valueThis study has been the first attempt to identify relationships between CRE strategy and the financial performance of companies and in doing so has raised other potential questions for further research.
Enhancing the contribution of corporate real estate to corporate strategy
Authors: Scheffer Johannes J.L. , Singer Bastiaan P. , Van Meerwijk Marc C.C. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this research paper is to provide corporate real estate executives with a measurement tool for pinpointing and enhancing the contribution of corporate real estate to corporate strategy.Design/methodology/approachA measurement tool is designed by adopting a theoretical framework in which seven added values of real estate are aligned with nine corporate strategic driving forces. The practical applicability of this tool is validated by assessing the contribution of corporate real estate to corporate strategy at 14 Dutch‐based global corporations.FindingsMany corporations still lack sufficient insight into the impact of corporate real estate decisions on corporate performance. Therefore, it is difficult for senior management and other stakeholders to grasp the actual contribution of corporate real estate.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research may be conducted to investigate the exhaustiveness of the listed real estate issues. Moreover, the linkage between the added values and the strategic driving forces could be validated further in practice.Practical implicationsThe measurement tool supports corporate real estate executives in aligning corporate real estate with corporate strategy. Thereby it contributes to the further recognition of the importance of real estate in a corporate setting.Originality/valuePrior papers on the contribution of corporate real estate to corporate strategy have primarily been focused on either pinpointing various driving forces or linking specific property decisions to corporate strategy. This paper, however, unveils the linkage between fundamental drivers of corporate real estate and corporate strategy in a comprehensive management tool for portfolio analysis and strategy formulation.
Developing an effective service life asset management and valuation model
Authors: Kooymans Rob , Abbott James 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThis paper seeks to describe the development and testing of a depreciated replacement cost model for a portfolio of corporate real estate assets.Design/methodology/approachA model was developed in Microsoft Excel, using depreciation rates and adjustment factors derived from readily‐available tables applied to elemental building costs. The model was applied to an actual property portfolio, with the costs of data‐gathering being estimated.FindingsThe developed model proved to be effective in both planning and managing maintenance and capital expenditure, with application to life‐cycle maintenance and replacement decisions. The model was successfully used to conduct a replacement cost valuation on the test portfolio. It was found that the cost of the initial detailed data‐gathering could be repaid in a relatively short time by use of the model.Practical implicationsThe methodology appears to be widely applicable to corporate real estate portfolios, with depreciation rates and methods, and levels of detail of components used being able to be changed to suit individual country and portfolio circumstances.Originality/valueProvides a model useful for harnessing basic property information into a sophisticated day‐to‐day and strategic portfolio management tool.
The art of entrepreneurial foresight
Authors: Fontela Emilio , Guzmán Joaquín , Pérez Marybel , Santos Francisco Javier 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to present an analysis of entrepreneurial activities that emphasises anticipation and the art of future exploration; in so doing, it identifies important aspects of entrepreneurship as aesthetic or creative activities.Design/methodology/approachAfter a short synthesis of the main entrepreneurial functions in terms of decision making in the financial sphere, the managerial sphere, and the “booster” sphere, the paper concentrates on the qualities required for a successful “booster” function (motivation, ambition, innovation, cooperation, proactiveness). Because proactiveness and innovation both require futures thinking and creativity, the paper presents relevant material from the literature on long‐term foresight to establish the artistic aspects of these important components of entrepreneurial activities.FindingsThe paper's linking of entrepreneurial functions to the capacity for anticipation establishes the need for entrepreneurs to acquire competencies (in the area of forecasting) that are usually associated with artistic endeavours.Practical implicationsThere is an urgent need for university curricula to include material that is oriented towards the training of entrepreneurs. This should include specific courses on creativity and forecasting.Originality/valueThe recognition that key entrepreneurial functions (proactiveness and innovation) are more art than science, and that they therefore require a set of operational tools, is relatively novel in the current literature on entrepreneurial (and managerial) functions, and opens a research field in business decision making.