bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spinnability of Liquid. A Visco-elastic State. I. Spinnability and Anomalous Viscosity
Authors: Nakagawa Tsurutaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Simple viscous liquids become thread-forming first at the viscosity of 40∼50 poises or more. Spinnability of typical thread-forming liquids is characterized by the co-operation of the far smaller viscosity and some “elasticity.”
Pen Writing Polarograph with Direct Current Amplifier.—Study of p-Nitrosodiethylaniline—
Authors: Kikuchi Sinichi , Sakaguchi Yoshikata , Honda Kenichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A new type of polarographic apparatus which utilizes the amplifying method and recorder is described. And its faculty is studied by comparing it with usual photographic apparatus. At the same time, p-nitrosodiethylaniline is studied polarographically and the comparison of both apparatuses is achieved through that study.
The Electronic States of the BH and CH Radicals
Authors: Higuchi Jiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The energy levels of the CH and the BH radicals have been calculated by the method of atomic orbitals, taking both s2p2 and sp3 configurations together for the carbon atom and s2p and sp2 for the boron atom and including the overlap integrals and the higher order permutations. The values obtained are in excellent agreement with observations.
Cyclopolysiloxanes from Ethyldichlorosilane
Authors: Okawara Rokuro , Asada Eiji , Watase Takeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. From the untreated hydrolyzate of ethyldichlorosilane, cyclic trimer (C2H5SiHO)3 and tetramer (C2H6SiHO)4, and from the pyrolyzed hydrolyzate cyclic trimer, tetramer and pentamer (C2H5SiHO)5 have been acquired and characterized.
2. The reactivity of the siloxane (Si–O–Si) linkage in the (C2H5SiHO)n compounds toward acid cleavage appears to be not so enhanced as that exhibited by the (CH3SiHO)n compounds.
Dichroisms of Benzene Rings. IV. The Dichroisms of Diphenyldiacetylene and Naphthazarine
Authors: Nakamoto Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Absorption spectra of diphenyldiacetylene and naphthazarine in crystalline state as well as in solution have been measured quantitatively in the visible and ultraviolet region. In the former compound, it has been found that the acetylene group indicates similar dichroic property to the benzene ring except for the fact that the dichroism of the former is more remarkable than that of the latter. From the dichroic property of naphthazarine, it has been concluded that the substance exists as the monomer and does not form the molecular compound like quinhydrone even in crystalline state.
Equilibrium of the CO2-NH3-Urea-H2O System under High Temperature and Pressure. III. Effect of Water Added on Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium
Authors: Kawasumi Schôhachi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) The effect of water added to ammonium carbamate on liquid-vapor equilibrium of the CO2-NH3-Urea-H2O system was investigated at 160 °C. and a loading density of ammonium carbamate 0.60 g./cc. and over the range of mole ratio from 0.20 to 1.00 of water added to ammonium carbamate.
(2) The equilibrium pressure is approximately constant independent of the amount of water added within the range of the experimental conditions. Both the vapor- and the liquid-compositions become richer in carbon dioxide, and the equilibrium yield of urea decreases with an increase of the amount of water added.
(3) The results of calculation of the compositions and densities of the liquid- and the vapor-phases in the equilibrium state when water ranging from 0.20 to 1.00 mole was added to one mole of ammonium carbamate have been shown.
Equilibrium of the CO2-NH3-Urea-H2O System under High Temperature and Pressure. IV. Effect of Loading NH3-CO2 Mole Ratio on Equilibrium Pressure and Vapor Composition
Authors: Kawasumi Schôhachi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) For the purpose of studying the liquidvapor equilibria of the CO2-NH3-Urea-H2O system in the presence of excess ammonia and carbon dioxide respectively over that combined as ammonium carbamate, the equilibrium pressure and vapor composition of the system under high temperature and pressure have been determined over the range of the loading NH3-CO2 mole ratio from 1.60 to 3.00.
(2) The experiments which were performed with an initial loading density of ammonium carbamate into a reaction vessel of 0.60g./cc. and at a temperature of 160°C. have definitely shown the system to exert the minimum pressure and simultaneously to have the vapor composition of 2NH3 to 1CO2 at a loading mole ratio of 2.43 NH3 to 1CO2.
(3) The relation between the equilibrium pressure and the mole ratio of NH3 to CO2 in the vapor phase has been given diagrammatically over the temperature range from 140° to 180°C.
Physicochemical Properties of the Surface of Aqueous Solutions. V. Mechanical Properties of the Surface of Dye Solution
Authors: Kimizuka Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The rheological property of the surface of dye solution with a change in pH under constant concentration was studied. Solutions of crystal violet, night blue, congo red and phloxine form the coherent adsorbed layer, while those of scarlet red and methyl orange, do not. The differences between them was considered to be due to the difference in the intensity of the interaction between molecules in the adsorbed layer. The surfaces of solutions of crystal violet, night blue, congo red and phloxine show the transformation of a mechanical model as well as sharp maxima in the value of surface rigidity and surface viscosity coefficient with a change in pH.
Physicochemical Properties of the Surface of Aqueous Solutions VI. Breaking of the Solid Surface
Authors: Kimizuka Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) The rupture of aqueous saponin film was studied by measuring the variation of the frequency of the breaking with tension as well as by measuring the breaking time as a function of stress. The results showed that the irreproducibility of the observed data upon surface tension was due to the breaking of the solid film and this mechanism was also responsible for the nature of the stability of such a foam as that produced by saponin, which was also considered to consist of solid film.
(2) A new method for the measurement of surface tension, applicable to the solution forming a solid adsorbed layer,was presented.
(3) It was shown that the membrane effect is a breaking stress of the adsorbed layer.
On the Distribution of Nutrient Salts in the Equatorial North Pacific
Authors: Fukai Rinnosuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The present author carried out the determination of nutrient salts of the water samples collected from the equatorial region of the North Pacific in 1951, and their distributions have been investigated taking the biological factor into consideration.
The author found that the distributions, of nutrient salts were closely connected with the structure of the movements of sea water in this region and that the effect of water movements was extended to a depth of 500 m. On the other hand, it is suggested that the oxygen minima and nutrient salts maxima developed just below the divergence are caused by the biological factor.
The estimations of biological rate of change of the constituents in the layer in which the decomposition processes might occur were made, introducing some simplifying assumptions. As the results, the values of 3∼8×10−8 μ-atoms PO4-P/1; sec. for phosphate liberation and 3∼12.5×10−8 ml. O2/1. sec. for oxygen consumption were obtained. These values are probably reliable as the measure indicating the rate of decomposition processes which take place in the subsurface layer within the region in question.
Rheology of Surface Films. I. Rheological Characteristics of Monomolecular Films of Ovalbumin and Serum Albumin
Authors: Inokuchi Kiyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A static method of measuring the viscoelasticity of spread monolayers is presented, and the rheological study was carried out with the monolayers of ovalbumin, horse serum albumin, and hemoglobin. The deformation-time relations, obtained under the shear stress, were found to give very detailed information about the structure of films.
With ovalbumin films spread on 0.1 N hydrochloric acid, it was found that an instantaneous elasticity, accompanying retarded elasticity, appeared in an unexpectedly large area, i.e., in the area above 5 sq. m. per mg. Surface shear modulus of instantaneous elasticity increased linearly with the decrease of surface area, exhibiting several breaks in the slope.
The films of serum albumin and hemoglobin behaved differently from ovalbumin film, as they did not exhibit any viscoelasticity until they were compressed to a considerably small area. Compression down to the area below 1.0 sq. m. per mg., however, makes a simple viscous film and further compression down to the area below 0.8 sq. m. per mg., just rendered the film viscoelastic. Such changes of film state were found to be consistent with the breaks in the compressibility-area curve obtained from the forcearea curve. Discussions of the characterization of these protein films were briefly made in terms of molecules.
Reactivity of Coke. I. Absolute Reaction Rates of the Carbon Dioxide-Carbon Reaction
Authors: Kawana Yoshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The absolute reaction rates of carbon dioxide with eight carbons have been obtained from the surface area measurement by the B.E.T. method using ammonia adsorption at 0°C and the reaction rate measurement.
The activation energies ranged from 91 Kcal/mol of oil coke and coke III to 99 Kcal/mol of coke I and pitch coke.
The reaction mechanism that the reaction of the formation of surface oxide is rapid and always in equilibrium and the concentration of the surface oxide is negligibly small compared with total active centers and the rate-determining step is the desorption of surface oxide can be interpreted by the theory of absolute reaction rates.
It may be concluded that the difference of the activation energies will be due to catalytic effects of some impurities in carbons, and that the difference of the absolute reaction rates due only to the difference of the crystallographic structure of pure carbons without the catalytic effects of impurities will be small.
Studies on the Heat of Solution. I. Heats of Solution of Crystalline Pentaerythritol and Mesoerythritol
Authors: Seki Syûzô , Suzuki Keisuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(i) The heats of solution of pentaerythritol and mesoerythritol have been measured at 18°C and found to be both of endothermic. (4.77 kcal./mole and 5.24 kcal./mole).
(ii) The heats of dilution of both substances are of exothermic.
(iii) From the heats of sublimation and of solution, the heats of hydration were determined (26.6 kcal./mole for pentaerythritol and 27.1 kcal./mole for mesoerythritol).
(iv) It was found that the intramolecular hydrogen bonds cause considerable deviations from the improved Butler rule on the heats of hydration of alcohols.
The Crystal Structure of Zinc Oxyacetate, Zn4O(CH3COO)6
Authors: Koyama Hirozo , Saito Yoshihiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The crystal structure of Zn4O(CH3COO)6 has been examined by the method of X-ray Fourier analysis (Fe Kα, λ=1.937 Å). The general features of the structure reported by Wyart in 1926 are confirmed and the atomic co-oridinates which hitherto remained unfixed have been completely determined. Lengths of Zn-O bonds are 1.96 and 1.98 Å respectively, which are in good accord with those found in crystals of ZnO. The significance of the structure is discussed briefly and compared with that of Be4O(CH3COO)6.
The Condensation of Benzaldehyde with Methyl Ethyl Ketone by Aqueous Sodium Hydroxide
Authors: Midorikawa Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In the condensation of benzaldehyde with methyl ethyl ketone by aqueous sodium hydroxide, the lowered reaction temperature (3∼5°) favored the aldol condensation at the α-methylene group of the ketone as in the condensation of furfural with the ketone. On the other hand, the elevated reaction temperature (60∼65°) conducted exclusively the condensation at the α-methyl group of the ketone, giving 1-phenyl-1-penten-3-one (I). 3-Methyl-4-phenyl-4-butanol-2-one (II), obtained by the aldol condensation at the lowered reaction temperature (3∼5°), was dehydrated with acetic anhydride to 3-methyl-4-phenyl-3-buten-2-one (IV), which was oxidized, by sodium hypochlorite to afford α-methylcinnamic acid (V).
Photopolymerization of Vinyl Chloride by Mercury Sensitization
Authors: Koizumi Masao , Nakatsuka Kazuo , Kato Shunji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
It was found that the photopolymerization of vinyl chloride in the presence of mercury vapor is mainly a sensitized reaction due to the latter. The effective light is 1850 Å and not 2537 Å.
The Effect of Conversion on the Mechanism of Vinyl Polymerization. I Styrene
Authors: Fujii Saburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The polymerization of pure styrene has been studied photochemically near room temperatures and in the range 0 to about 70 % conversion, and the following results have been obtained.
With increasing conversion; (1) both the direct photo-polymerization and the thermal polymerization are accelerated strongly, (2) the over-all activation energies in both polymerizations decreases, (3) the lifetime of kinetic chains increased steadily and the photochemical initial and after effects are easily observed dilatometrically over 30 % conversion. Also (4) the reaction order of chain termination is 2 in the range 0 to about 40 % conversion, but it becomes less than 2 at the conversions over 60 %.
Thus these results have been discussed on several assumptions and it has been concluded that they are attributed to a considerable change in the mechanism of radical termination with increasing conversion of the reaction system, i.e., the change from an activation-controlled termination to a diffusion-controlled one.
Polarographic Studies on Heterocyclic Compounds. I. Kinetic Current of Isonicotinic Acid
Authors: Nagata Yoshinosuke , Tachi Isamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) Isonicotinic acid shows a single polaro-graphic reduction wave. It is found from the standpoint of the wave analysis as well as of A.C. polarography that the electrode process is irreversible.
(2) The wave height at pH 5.0 is proportional to the concentration of isonicotinic acid in the concentration range from 10−4 to 10−3 mol per liter.
(3) Since the single reduction wave is considered to be due to the reduction of undissociated molecules, the i-pH. curve shows an apparent polarographic dissociation curve.
(4) The kinetic current due to the recombination of dissociated anions with proton is investigated, and the recombination velocity constant and the thickness of reaction layer are determined according to J. Koutecký and R. Brdicka’s equations.
A Study of the Effect of Fuchsin Red on the Metabolism of Yeasts
Authors: Bahadur Krishna 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
When fuchsin dye is added in the yeast cultures it causes a change in the physiological properties of the yeasts which is characterstic of the variety of yeast used. For many properties this change becomes more gradual as the concentration of dye increases in the culture. Although there is a vast difference in the nature of change of alcohol forming property of the yeasts studied above, changes of the other properties show a similar trend in both the yeasts under examination, when higher concentrations of fuchsin red is present in the cultures.
The presence of fuchsin in the culture is poisonous to the yeasts. This is indicated by the fact that it hinders their growth. This hindrance is directly proportional to the amount of dye in the culture.
Colorimetric Microdetermination of Chromium and Manganese in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Kozawa Akiya , Tanaka Motoharu , Sasaki Kumazo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Chromium and manganese less than 100μg. in 500-1000 ml. of solution are separated from a bulk of the solution by ferric hydroxide precipitation and the separation of chromium from manganese and iron can be carried out by the reduction of ferric iron to ferrous followed by the precipitation of aluminum hydroxide. And each element was determined colorimetrically using the silver peroxide as oxydant. No coprecipitation of chromate could be observed in this procedure.
Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide on Silver Surface
Authors: Yamada Noboru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide on the surface of silver powder has been studied. The reaction rate has been measured by the flow method. The reaction rate on the fully reduced silver surface is proportional to the pressure of carbon monoxide and independent of the oxygen pressure. On the other hand, when the surface has not been reduced with hydrogen, or has been treated preliminarily in an oxygen stream at a high temperature, the reaction rate is proportional to the oxygen pressure and independent of the carbon monoxide pressure. One of these two features of the reaction can be changed to the other by heating the surface in the stream of oxygen, or hydrogen. These results indicate that the chemisorption of oxygen and the reaction between this chemisorbed oxygen and carbon monoxide are the main steps of the oxidation, and its reaction rate is determined by either of these steps.
The Effects of Substituents on the Hydrolysis of Substituted Cyanamides in Sulfuric acid Solution
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Ohishi Shin , Takamura Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The energies and the entropies of activation have been determined for the hydrolysis of mono- and di-substituted cyanamides in 20% sulfuric acid solution.
The effect of substituents are distinctly shown in these kinetic data and the substituents are classified in three groups, (1) normal alkyl group substituted, (2) branched alkyl group substituted and (3) unsaturated group substituted cyanamides. The difference in energy of activation required for the hydrolysis of cyanamides may be explained by assuming the intermediate cyanamide-disulfate, the rate-determining step being the second protonation of cyanamide to give cyanamide-disulfate.
Dependence of the Molecular Polarization of Carbon Dioxide on Pressure
Authors: Kubo Masaji , Uchida Tadashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The dependence of the molecular polarization of carbon dioxide upon pressure was explained by partial binary association suggested by MacCormack and Schneider on the basis of the second virial coefficient. The theoretical considerations indicate that molecular polarization increases with pressure and that the rate of increase of molecular polarization decrease as the pressure increases. The results of theoretical predictions agree with experiments quantitatively over the entire pressure range if a parameter contained in the theoretical formula is adjusted properly. This parameter can be interpreted as the molecular polarization of dimeric molecules plus the difference between the atomic polarization of dimers and twice the atomic polarization of monomers. The three quantities, the dipole moment of the dimer, the effective charges of four intermonomer normal modes of vibration and the force constants of the same, were evaluated theoretically. A numerical value of the aforementioned parameter which is calculated from these three quantities compares favorably with that obtained from the dependence of molecular polarization on pressure.
Studies on Santonin. I. Expariments on the Synthesis of Santonin. Part I. Preparation of 2-Keto-1, 10-dimethyl-decalin
Authors: Matsui Masanao , Kitamura Seiichi , Suzuki Yoshio , Hamuro Michiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
2-oxo-1, 10-dimethyl-decalin (VIII) was synthesized from (I), according to the following course, (I)→(II)→(VII)→(VIII). The sample obtained was the same as the one derived from the condensation product of 2-methyl-cyclohexanone and diethylamino-pentanone methiodide.
On the Thermal Dissociation of Organic Compounds. VI. The Effect of the Substituent and That of the Solvent on the Thermal Dissociation of Ureas
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Ozaki Sh\={o}ichiro , Hoshino Toshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The rate constants of the thermal dissociation of 1,1-dimethyl, 1,3-diethyl, 1,3-diisopropyl, 1,1, 3-triethyl, 1, 3-dihexyl, 1,3-dibenzyl, 1, 1-diethyl-3-isopropyl and 1,3-di-t-butyl ureas in n-butyric,n-caproic,n-capric, phenylacetic and benzoic acids were deter mined. The effects of substituents and those of solvents on the reaction rate were discussed. The transition state of the dissociation containing two fatty acids and one urea molecule was considered and the experimental results were reasonably explained by the proposed mechanism.
Removal of Dissolved Oxygen by Sodium Sulfite. Application to the Polarographic Study
Authors: Kikuchi Shinichi , Honda Kenichi , Kim Seckchill 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) From the polarographic standpoint, the behavior of reducing the dissolved oxygen by sodium sulfite is investigated in various kinds of supporting electrolytes.
(2) The efficiency is most prominent in neutral solution and becomes less effective towards basic.
(3) Influence upon the pH of the solution by the addition should not be neglected.
(4) There would be no effect to the reducible substance.
(5) Its reducing action still proceeds in acidic solution.
(6) The stock solution of sodium sulfite should be as fresh as possible. But a too fresh solution in 5∼10 min. after preparation does not show the effect. The reason is not yet clarified. Ten or more days after preparation, it becomes less effective.
Surface Chemistry of High Polymers. III. Some Relationships between the Monolayer of Non-electrolytic Linear Polymers
Authors: Hotta Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The various surface moments of like polymers can be understood in the light of the models in Table I, which are designed by considering the orientation of C=O bond at the interface.
2. The flexibility of polymer film can be measured not only by surface pressure but also by the time for perfect spreading, the largest area from which the reliable surface moment can be obtained, or the number of atoms in the main chain of the statistical kinetic unit.
3. The effect of hydrolysis of a milan solution by sulphuric acid on its film was examined.
Dye-sensitized Photopolymerization of Vinyl Compounds. Polymerization of Styrene by Cyanine Dyes. I
Authors: Koizumi Masao , Watanabe Ai 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The photopolymerization induced by the excited cyanine dyes was investigated, and it was established that the direct interaction between excited dye and monomer initiates the polymerization. The quantum yields for photobleaching and for the initiation process in the polymerization were both found to be of the order of 10−4. It was further found that one dye molecule produces one or two kinetic chains of polymerization.
Studies on A.C. Polarography. IV. Reversible Behaviour of Anions
Authors: Takemori Yoshio , Tachi Isamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A train of a. c. polarographic investigations on several anions, which depolarize the dropping mercury anode, was carried out. The experimental results of a. c. polarography of Cl−, Br−, I− and CN− generally agreed with the theoretical consideration based on the reversible electrode process. Namely, it can be concluded that Breyer’s polarogram shows the derivative curve of the ordinary polarogram and Fournier’s current of these anions is regarded as the mean of two current intensities at both the extreme potentials of the pulsing potential produced by the superposition of a small a. c. voltage on the ordinary d. c. potential. Thus the electrode processes of these anions are found to be reversible. And the possibility of the application to the quantitative determination of these anions was found in the proper concentration range.