bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Receptor expression in orbital inflammatory syndromes and implications for targeted therapy
Authors: Ho V. H. , Chevez‐Barrios P. , Jorgensen J. L. , Silkis R. Z. , Esmaeli B. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractTo investigate the expression of multiple therapeutic targets in tissue specimens from patients with orbital inflammatory syndromes, the clinical records of 16 patients treated for orbital inflammation between January 2003 and November 2005 for whom tissue blocks were available were reviewed retrospectively. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on archived specimens using commercially available monoclonal antibodies against CD3, CD20, CD22, CD23, CD25, and CD52 antigens. The histologic diagnoses were confirmed, and the immunohistochemical staining patterns were agreed upon by both collaborating pathologists (JLJ and PC‐B). The study included 13 women and 3 men who ranged in age from 4 to 79 years (mean, 46 years). The histologic diagnoses were as follows: orbital pseudotumor in six patients; sarcoidosis, three; eosinophilic granuloma, one; necrobiotic xanthogranuloma, one; nonspecified granulomatous inflammation, one; Graves’ ophthalmopathy, one; Wegener’s granulomatosis, one; and reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, two. One orbital lymphoma specimen and one foreign body reaction specimen were used as controls. CD20 was strongly expressed in all specimens except three (Wegener’s granulomatosis, eosinophilic granuloma, and nonspecified granulomatous inflammation specimens), and CD25 was strongly expressed in all specimens except the Wegener’s granulomatosis specimen, in which this antigen was only moderately expressed. CD20 and CD25 were strongly or moderately expressed in most of the tested specimens of orbital inflammation. If our findings are confirmed in a larger study, rituximab, which targets CD20, and denileukin diftitox (ONTAK), which targets CD25, should be considered for future clinical trials for orbital inflammatory syndromes.
PCR‐based markers for detection of different sources of 1AL.1RS and 1BL.1RS wheat–rye translocations in wheat background
Authors: Weng Y. , Azhaguvel P. , Devkota R. N. , Rudd J. C. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosome arm 1RS is one of the most successfully used alien resources in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) improvement, and it is still being widely utilized by many breeding programmes. With increasing application of marker‐assisted selection in wheat breeding, development of an efficient molecular marker system to monitor and track 1AL.1RS and 1BL.1RS wheat–rye translocations is of practical value. In this study, we systematically evaluated the utility of eight rye‐specific molecular markers in detecting 1RS chromatins with different origins in diverse wheat genetic backgrounds. Two such markers, PAWS5/S6 and SCM9 were identified that were able to differentiate multiple sources of wheat–rye translocations involving 1RS. A duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure was developed with two rye‐specific markers PAWS5/S6 and RIS and tested in a set of representative wheat lines. The two rye‐specific markers and the duplex PCR procedure established in this study provided a useful tool in marker‐assisted selection of materials containing desirable 1RS chromatin in wheat breeding.
Evaluation of the effects of resistance to stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci) in white clover (Trifolium repens L.) under sheep grazing and cutting
Authors: Williams T. A. , Abberton M. T. , Olyott P. , Mizen K. A. , Cook R. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractTwo field experiments were carried out to analyze the performance of white clover varieties differing in their resistance to stem nematode. Varieties were compared under grazing and cutting regimes in mixed swards with or without the addition of nematode and dry matter yields of white clover and perennial ryegrass recorded over a 3‐year period. The resistant variety did not show a yield advantage in the absence of nematode but did so in the presence of nematode in the first year and for several of the sampling dates in the second year. White clover yields under grazing were significantly less than under cutting in both experiments. The hypothesis that the additional stress of grazing would increase the benefits of resistance relative to a cutting management was not supported.
A method for drought tolerance screening in sunflower
Authors: Pereyra‐Irujo G. A. , Velázquez L. , Granier C. , Aguirrezábal L. A. N. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractOne difficulty in obtaining drought‐tolerant varieties is the unequivocal evaluation of plant response to soil‐water deficits. A method is proposed that allows reproducible soil‐water deficit treatments to be applied to different sunflower genotypes. Maize (Zea mays L.) plants were sown in the same pots as but earlier than some sunflower plants in order to rapidly deplete the soil water. This method was compared to a standard method in which plants under evaluation are used to dry out the soil. The method was reproducible in the evaluation of drought tolerance of four sunflower inbred lines. Advantages of the proposed method are that: (i) it allows the desired soil water content to be reached quickly; (ii) the resulting soil water content in the pot is uniform and (iii) the rate of decrease in soil water content is independent of the genotype being evaluated. Data indicate that maize plants had no effect on the growth of sunflower genotypes.
Preoperative maximal exercise oxygen consumption test predicts postoperative pulmonary morbidity following major lung resection
Authors: BAYRAM Ahmet Sami , CANDAN Tari̇k , GEBITEKIN Cengiz 
Published: June 2007

Background and objective:  Pulmonary resection carries a significant morbidity and mortality. The utility of maximal oxygen uptake test (VO2max) to predict cardiopulmonary complications following major pulmonary resection was evaluated.Methods:  Following standard preoperative work‐up and VO2max testing, 55 patients (49 male; mean age 59 years, range 20–74) underwent major pulmonary surgery: lobectomy (n = 31), bilobectomy (n = 6) and pneumonectomy (n = 18). An investigator blinded to the preoperative assessment prospectively collected data on postoperative cardiopulmonary complications. Patients were divided into two groups according to preoperative VO2max and also according to FEV1. The frequency of postoperative complications in the groups was compared.Results:  Complications were observed in 19 (34.5%) patients, 11 of which were pulmonary (20%). There were two deaths (3.6%), both due to respiratory failure. Preoperative FEV1 failed to predict postoperative respiratory complications. Five of 36 patients with a preoperative FEV1 > 2 L suffered pulmonary complications, compared with six of 19 patients with FEV1 < 2 L. Cardiopulmonary complications were not observed in patients with VO2max > 15 mL/kg/min (n = 27); however, 11 patients with VO2max < 15 mL/kg/min (n = 28) suffered cardiopulmonary complications (P < 0.05).Conclusion:  VO2max predicts postoperative pulmonary complications following major lung resection, and the risk of complications increases significantly when the preoperative VO2max is less than 15 mL/kg/min.
Directly measured cabin pressure conditions during Boeing 747–400 commercial aircraft flights
Authors: KELLY Paul T. , SECCOMBE Leigh M. , ROGERS Peter G. , PETERS Matthew J. 
Published: June 2007

Background and objectives:  In the low pressure environment of commercial aircraft, hypoxaemia may be common and accentuated in patients with lung or heart disease. Regulations specify a cabin pressure not lower than 750 hPa but it is not known whether this standard is met. This knowledge is important in determining the hazards of commercial flight for patients and the validity of current flight simulation tests.Methods:  Using a wrist‐watch recording altimeter, cabin pressure was recorded at 60 s intervals on 45 flights in Boeing 747–400 aircraft with three airlines. A log was kept of aircraft altitude using the in‐flight display. Change in cabin pressure during flight, relationship between aircraft altitude and cabin pressure and proportion of flight time with cabin pressure approaching the minimum specified by regulation were determined.Results:  Flight duration averaged 10 h. Average cabin pressure during flight was 846 hPa. There was a linear fall in cabin pressure as the aircraft cruising altitude increased. At 10 300 m (34 000 ft) cabin pressure was 843 hPa and changed 8 hPa for every 300 m (1000 ft) change in aircraft altitude (r2 = 0.993; P < 0.001). Lowest cabin pressure was 792 hPa at 12 200 m (40 000 ft) but during only 2% of flight time was cabin pressure less than 800 hPa.Conclusions  Cabin pressure is determined only by the engineering of the aircraft and its altitude and in the present study was always higher than required by regulation. Current fitness‐to‐fly evaluations simulate cabin conditions that passengers will not experience on these aircraft. There may be increased risks to patients should new or older aircraft operate nearer to the present minimum standard.
Pediatric liver tumors: Initial presentation, image finding and outcome
Authors: WANG JIAAN‐DER , CHANG TE‐KAU , CHEN HOU‐CHUAN , JAN SHENG‐LING , HUANG FANG‐LIANG , CHI CHING‐SHIANG , LIN CHIEH‐CHUNG 
Published: June 2007

AbstractBackground: Few reports have been carried out on the characteristics of pediatric liver tumors.Methods: A retrospective study of 57 patients diagnosed with liver tumors from 1989 through 2004 was conducted. They were classified into groups; 10 benign, 33 primary malignant and 14 metastatic liver tumors. Their demographics, initial presentations, laboratory data, image findings and outcomes were investigated and compared.Results: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with 91% hepatitis B virus‐related, constituted 23 of 33 primary malignant liver tumors and had the poorest survival rate. Initially, 70% of patients with primary malignant liver tumors were at disseminated stages. All of HCC and 88% of hepatoblastoma had elevated serum levels of aphal‐fetoprotein. However, abnormal liver function tests as alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, albumin and alkaline phosphatase were uncommon in patients with pediatric liver tumors. Metastatic liver tumors compared with primary malignant liver tumors showed hypo‐echogenicity in abdominal ultrasound (US) exam and a lesser presence of vessel invasion and contrast enhancement in computed tomography studies (P < 0.01).Conclusions: It is important to diagnose primary malignant liver tumors before their clinical symptoms and signs develop. Children with chronic hepatitis B virus infection must be followed every 6 months by serum aphal‐fetoprotein and abdominal US even when their liver function tests are normal. Image studies with abdominal US and computed tomography scan can differentiate between primary and metastatic liver tumors.
Quantitation of human parvovirus B19 DNA by real‐time polymerase chain reaction
Authors: TAKANO TADAMASA , YAMADA KOICHIRO 
Published: June 2007

AbstractBackground: There have been no reports on either the serial quantification of genomic copies in the various parvovirus B19 infections or the comparison of the viral amount in erythema infectiosum, unlike with that in other parvovirus B19 infections.Methods: A total of 19 children with parvovirus B19 infection were classified into a group of seven (group A) with erythema infectiosum and a group of 12 (group B) without erythema infectiosum, and their serum levels of parvovirus B19 DNA were quantified by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. A total of 30 boys and girls with some symptoms but no parvovirus B19 infection served as a control group (group C).Results: The amount of parvovirus B19 DNA differed significantly between groups A and C (P < 0.01) and between groups B and C (P < 0.01). The amount of viral DNA was significantly higher in group B than in group A (P < 0.01). Sequential determination showed that the amount of viral DNA in group B rapidly decreased over several days. Erythema infectiosum developed in two patients of group B on the 6th and 29th days after onset when the amount of viral DNA was similar to that in group A.Conclusions: The amount of parvovirus B19 DNA correlated well with the stage of infection, and its quantitation was useful for determining disease status and prognosis. In parvovirus B19 infection, the viremia is associated with rare but varied pathological states different from erythema infectiosum, such as transient aplastic crisis, hemophagocytic syndrome, lupus‐like syndrome, and papular‐purpuric gloves and socks syndrome.
Duration of inter‐facility neonatal transport and neonatal mortality: Systematic review and cohort study
Authors: MORI RINTARO , FUJIMURA MASANORI , SHIRAISHI JUN , EVANS BETI , CORKETT MICHAEL , NEGISHI HIROKUNI , DOYLE PAT 
Published: June 2007

AbstractBackground: Regionalization of perinatal health services has been actively discussed, although important determinants such as effect of duration of neonatal transport on neonatal outcomes have not been investigated well as yet. Therefore the purpose of the present paper was to investigate the association between duration of inter‐facility transport and perinatal mortality.Methods: For the systematic review, six major databases were searched. Any comparative studies investigating associations between duration of inter‐facility neonatal transport and their outcomes, published in the English language were selected. The studies were screened and reviewed by two independent researchers. For the cohort study, study subjects included every neonate transported to neonatal wards in Osaka, Japan between 1980 and 2000 in an existing surveillance called Neonatal Mutual Cooperative System. They are followed up until 28 days of age, or discharge if earlier. Other variables were also considered as effect modifiers or confounders, including calendar year, birthweight (BW), gestational age (GA), sex, maternal/paternal age, Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min, place of birth and personnel accompanying the neonate during transport (transport personnel), body temperature before transport and on admission, severity of illness, and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) grade. Cox regression analyses were performed to obtain principal results, and sensitivity analysis to support them.Results: Systematic review: only one cross‐sectional study conducted in an urban area in India was identified. That study showed that neonates with a long duration of transport had 79% higher odds of death than those transported for a short duration after adjusting for the confounding effects. For the cohort study, among 16 429 subjects, full data were available for 4966 neonates. There was strong evidence that those transported for >90 min had more than twice the rate of neonatal death (rate ratio [RR] 2.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.26–4.04), and some evidence that those transported for between 60 and 89 min had an 80% higher rate of neonatal death (RR 1.81, 95%CI: 1.07–3.06), both compared with those transported for between 30 and 59 min, after adjusting for the confounding effects. A sensitivity analysis on missing values also supported the results.Conclusion: There is evidence of an association between duration of transport and increased neonatal mortality, which can be applied to organization of perinatal health services. A prospective cohort study is needed for further investigation.
Long‐term follow up of patients with invasive bladder carcinoma receiving combined cisplatin‐based intra‐arterial chemotherapy and radiotherapy
Authors: Mori Ken‐Ichi , Nomata Koichiro , Noguchi Mitsuru , Eguchi Jiro , Hayashi Nobuyuki , Kanetake Hiroshi 
Published: June 2007

Objectives:  Combined cisplatin‐based intra‐arterial chemotherapy and radiotherapy is an effective treatment for patients with locally invasive bladder carcinoma. We report long‐term follow‐up data regarding definitive treatment of locally invasive bladder carcinoma, regardless of whether bladder preservation was possible.Methods:  The follow‐up data from 24 patients (18 males and six females; aged, 31–85 years; median, 73 years) with invasive bladder carcinoma, between 1993 and 2003, was examined. The clinical stages of the patients ranged T2–T4, all N0M0, and involved 13 patients at T2 (T2a, T2b), seven patients at T3 and four patients at T4. Combined cisplatin‐based intra‐arterial chemotherapy and radiotherapy was performed.Results:  The 5‐year overall survival rate and cancer‐specific survival rate for all patients were 81.6% and 85.6%, respectively. When the patients were divided into complete response (CR) of 10 patients and non‐CR groups of 14 patients, the 5‐year overall survival rate for the CR group was 87.5%, while that of the non‐CR group was 78.6% (P = 0.58). The tumor grade of the CR group was significantly lower than that of the non‐CR group (P = 0.01). When the non‐CR group was divided into radical cystectomy and non‐radical cystectomy groups, the 5‐year overall survival rate for the radical cystectomy group (100%) was higher than that of the non‐radical cystectomy group (70%).Conclusion:  This combined chemo‐radiotherapy was effective for local invasive bladder carcinoma, leading to the possibility of bladder preservation using this therapy.
Early experience in reconstruction of long ureteral strictures with allogenic amniotic membrane
Authors: Koziak Andrzej , Salagierski Maciej , Marcheluk Adam , Szcześniewski Ryszard , Sosnowski Marek 
Published: June 2007

Objective:  To present our experience with the application of human amniotic membrane for the reconstruction of extensive ureteral wall defects.Methods:  Between 2003 and 2006, 11 patients underwent reconstructive surgery of the ureter. A human amniotic membrane allograft was used to supplement ureteral wall defects. Indications for the procedure included ureteral strictures of a 5.5 cm average (range, 3–8 cm) localized in different parts of the ureter: upper (5), middle (5) and lower (3). The etiology of ureteral loss was: postinflammatory after a complicated stone disease (5), iatrogenic (4) and idiopathic (2). Diagnosis of ureteral stricture was based on antegrade pyelography and excretory urography. Two patients had synchronous treatment for upper and middle ureteral stenosis. Treatment efficacy was assessed by excretory urography and ultrasound.Results:  The mean hospitalization time was 11.9 days, mean operation time 128 min and with an average follow up of 25.2 months. Complications included: stricture recurrence (1) and symptomatic urinary tract infections (2). Excretory urography showed lack of obstruction and normal width of ureters. In one patient, residual hydronephrosis was present on ultrasound.Conclusions:  The described method seems to be a promising tool in the reconstruction of extensive ureteral strictures.
Histological evidences suggest recommending orchiopexy within the first year of life for children with unilateral inguinal cryptorchid testis
Authors: Park Kwan Hyun , Lee Joo Hwan , Han Jae Joon , Lee Sang Don , Song Sang Yong 
Published: June 2007

Objective:  To determine the optimal timing for orchiopexy, we evaluated the histological parameters of the cryptorchid testis.Methods:  We prospectively performed testicular biopsy in a total of 65 consecutive children with palpable unilateral inguinal cryptorchid testes. For controls, we used testicular histological slides from 15 age‐matched children with testicular tumor. To investigate the fertility potential, we analyzed the parameters including mean tubular diameter (MTD), mean tubular fertility index (MTFI), germ cell count/tubule (GCC), Sertoli cell index (SCI) and interstitial fibrosis index (IFI).Results:  The MTFI and GCC in children ≤1 years of age were significantly higher than those of other older age groups. The MTFI, GCC and IFI were significantly better in patients ≤2 years of age when compared to those of > 2 years. Compared to the controls, the MTFI and GCC in the patients were significantly worse in those aged > 2 years at surgical repair. In the ≤2‐year age group, the MTFI and GCC of the cryptorchid testis showed a decreasing tendency with age, which were contrasting with the ascending curves in the control and the curves crossed at 1–2 years of age in each parameter.Conclusions:  To protect fertility potential, we recommend, orchiopexy should be performed within the first year of life, and no later than 2 years of age in patients with palpable inguinal cryptorchid testes.
Fretting fatigue test analysis of contact
Authors: KARUPPANAN S. , DINI D. , HILLS D. A. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTFretting fatigue tests conducted by Nowell and Szolwinski are analysed accurately by introducing several modifications needed to the classical formulation. With the total state of stress established, the crack‐tip stress intensity factor for a crack growing inward from the trailing edge of the contact is determined by the distributed dislocation technique. Finally, the results are correlated with local solutions for the contact stress field that enable an estimate of the crack nucleation life, and hence a characteristic material property quantifying initiation, to be found.
Constraint issues in cleavage fracture and matters arising from practical application
Authors: KEIM E. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTIn the past 10 years much research has been carried out to deal with the question of how crack‐tip constraint effects can be described and, moreover, how crack‐tip constraint (stress tri‐axiality in the vicinity of the crack tip) contributes to matters arising from practical application of structures and components containing postulated or real cracks and made of ferritic steel. In fracture mechanics, application crack‐tip constraint can be influenced by loading (out of plane or multi‐axial loading) or by the crack shape and crack depth to ligament ratio. Temperature loading of a crack in a structure is different compared to the loading condition of a fracture toughness specimen and a deep crack behaves differently compared to a short crack. In this paper a model for the prediction of cleavage fracture of ferritic steel is briefly described and summarized and the issues for practical application are pointed out. It turns out that crack‐tip constraint, induced either by loading or geometry, can be described quantitatively by local approach models, but there is still a need to understand the micro structural features behind.
Evaluation of creep damage accumulation models: Considerations of stepped testing and highly stressed volume
Authors: GRELL W. A. , NIGGELER G. H. , GROSKREUTZ M. E. , LAZ P. J. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTMany components experience combined temperature and stress loading and are designed to withstand creep. In this study, experimental creep testing was performed under both static and stepped loading conditions with constant temperature for two specimen geometries (tensile and three‐point bend). The objective of this study was to evaluate whether existing damage accumulation models accurately predict creep performance when considering step loading and stress gradients. Model predictions, based on static tensile creep data and using a highly stressed volume correction for the three‐point bend specimens and the experimental average damage sum, agreed well with experimental data; differences were on average within 38% (static) and 2.2 h (stepped). Comparisons showed more accurate predictions using an exponential Larson–Miller parameter curve and the Pavlou damage accumulation model. Findings of the current study have applicability to component design, where complex geometries often contain stress gradients and it is desirable to predict creep performance from static tensile creep data.