bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Tri-Lift suspension technique: a modified deep-plane lip lift for enhanced aesthetic outcomes—my personal approach
Authors: Mahmood Bayad Jaza 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The subnasal lip lift has emerged as a popular intervention for correcting an elongated upper lip, although postoperative scarring remains a topic of concern. Various techniques have been discussed in the literature, with the Tri-Lift suspension technique highlighted in this study offering to reduce such complications and to assess the impact of modification in the deep plane subnasal lip lift, which includes triple suspension sutures, on nasal and labial aesthetic parameters.

Results
A total of 193 female patients (mean age: 28 years) underwent the Tri-Lift suspension technique, while 50 female patients (mean age: 32.48 years) underwent the traditional lip lift (bullhorn technique). In the Tri-Lift group, 78.7% reported “very much improvement,” 20.2% “much improvement,” and 1% “no change,” compared to 43% “very much improvement,” 28.6% “much improvement,” 21.4% “improved,” and 7% “no change” in the traditional lip lift group. Quantitative measurements of philtral length, vermilion height, and dental show recorded preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively showed significant improvements in both groups. However, the Tri-Lift suspension technique achieved higher satisfaction rates, fewer adverse outcomes, and statistically significant differences in satisfaction levels (P < 0.05) compared with the traditional lip lift.

Conclusions
The Tri-Lift suspension technique offers a solution to the common issue of scarring in subnasal lip lifts, enhancing both nasal and lip aesthetics. It presents a promising alternative to the traditional method, providing higher patient satisfaction and better aesthetic outcomes with reduced scarring.

Graphical abstract
Inactivation of the CMAH gene and deficiency of Neu5Gc play a role in human brain evolution
Authors: Liu Yuxin , Li Jinhong , Liu Qicai 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

During human evolution, some genes were lost or silenced from the genome of hominins. These missing genes might be the key to the evolution of humans’ unique cognitive skills. An inactivation mutation in CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) was the result of natural selection. The inactivation of CMAH protected our ancestors from some pathogens and reduced the level of N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) in brain tissue. Interestingly, the low level of Neu5Gc promoted the development of brain tissue, which may have played a role in human evolution. As a xenoantigen, Neu5Gc may have been involved in brain evolution by affecting neural conduction, neuronal development, and aging.

Graphical Abstract

During human evolution, humans lost the ability to synthesize Neu5Gc after the inactivation mutation of the gene CMAH. Therefore, Neu5Gc in the human body is a xenoantigen. The inactivation of CMAH and the loss of endogenous Neu5Gc may have played a role in human brain evolution by affecting neural conduction, neuronal development, and aging.
A sustainable breakthrough in rodent pest control: laboratory validation of novel neem-andrographolide bait with dual toxic and contraceptive effects
Authors: Verma Meenu , Kaur Harjinder , Babbar Bhupinder Kaur 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background

Rattus rattus causes damage to physical infrastructure and spreads diseases under commensal conditions. They have a very high reproductive potential and quickly rebuild their population after management through chemical and mechanical methods. Therefore, a neem seed and andrographolide-based bait (NSA bait) with both toxic and sterilising effects was developed for their long-term management. To test the efficacy of the NSA bait, female black rats (R.
rattus) from groups I–V (n = 12 rats per group) were acclimatised. Rats in Group I were fed a control diet, while rats in Groups II–V were fed the formulated NSA bait for 15 days under two-choice conditions. Rats in Group II were necropsied immediately after the treatment period, while rats in Groups III and IV were necropsied after 15 and 30 days of treatment to assess the potential and sustainability of the antifertility effect of the NSA bait in female black rats. Group V rats were used to study mating behaviour and breeding potential immediately after and 30 days after treatment.

Results
Results revealed good palatability of NSA bait and 54.16% mortality in rats. Remaining live rats revealed significant reduction in the body weight, weight of reproductive organs, duration of estrous cycle, number of both normal and atretic follicles, and level of sex hormones in all the treated groups. Mating behaviour and reproductive success were also affected in all the treated groups. Results thus revealed irreversible antifertility effect of treated bait even after 15 and 30 days of treatment.

Conclusions
The plant-based approach for the management of Rattus rattus is to counterbalance the limitations associated with chemical rodenticide. The novel NSA bait was formulated to increase the palatability, bioavailability, and stability of secondary metabolites of the two bitter plants resulting in both toxic and irreversible antifertility effects. This NSA bait has implication in the instant and long-term management of black rats under real field conditions.

Graphical Abstract
Lumboperitoneal shunts in children: a retrospective study
Authors: Elbaroody Mohammad , Alhayen Basem Ismail , Eltoukhy Mohamed , Atallah Ahmed , Mostafa Hossam Eldin , Alselisly Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Lumboperitoneal shunts have been used as a valuable CSF diversion tool in the pediatric age group. This retrospective study reports the indications, outcomes, and possible complications of lumboperitoneal shunts placed in children.

Results
A total of 19 patients are included in our study. 12 children were males (63.2%) and 7 were females (36.8%). The mean age at LP shunt placement was 5.7 years (6 months–12 years), and most of the children were in the school-age group 11 (57.9%). Idiopathic intracranial hypertension was the most identifiable cause in 9 cases (47.4%), and headache was the most common presenting symptom in 6 patients. The mean follow-up was 36.1 months (17–61 months). Two patients underwent shunt revision due to catheter migration, and three patients (15.8%) developed acquired Chiari malformation for whom the lumboperitoneal shunt was removed and replaced with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt; all the patients are doing well till the last follow-up.

Conclusion
Lumboperitoneal shunt insertion is a safe and valuable CSF diversion tool in children for various indications on the top of it is idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Long-term follow-up is required for the possibility of acquired Chiari malformation, and the presence of a horizontal–vertical valve could avoid this possible problem.
CSF shunts as conduits for metastasis: is there a discrepancy between retrograde and antegrade spread?
Authors: Cuschieri Andrea , Pisani Robert , Agius Shawn 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting refers to the surgical drainage of excess CSF, which arises due to outflow obstruction or a reduction in absorption. Although rare, the dissemination of neoplastic cells along ventriculoperitoneal shunts is well documented, a gap in knowledge exists regarding differences in the direction of neoplastic dissemination along CSF shunts. The aim of this systematic review was to comparatively assess the nature of antegrade and retrograde metastatic spread along CSF shunts.

Methodology
A dual systematic review in six major databases was conducted for articles until June 15, 2023, without language restrictions following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook for Interventional Systematic Reviews. The study focused on the metastasis of both CNS malignancy to extra-neural sites and the retrograde metastasis of extra-neural tumours to the CNS along CSF shunts. Inclusion criteria were case reports with patient characteristics and clinical outcomes. Data were extracted using a standardised table and qualitatively analysed. The JBI case report critical appraisal tool assessed reporting quality. Grey literature was not included.

Results
A total of 106 reports of antegrade metastasis were identified representing 121 cases. Patients were most commonly children, with the primary tumour and shunt type being germinomas. Six reports detailing retrograde metastasis met our inclusion criteria with an overall high quality of reporting. All primary tumours were in the abdomen or pelvic cavity with treatment from metastasis depending on patient characteristics. Generally, the prognosis was poor, with one patient succumbing to peritonitis, four cases showing residual disease, and one patient receiving palliative care.

Discussion and Conclusion
This updated systematic review noted similar demographic trends regarding the metastasis of CNS malignancy to extra-neural sites through CSF shunts reported by Xu et al. (2018); yet, due to data inaccessibility, updated statistics could not be inferred. Germinomas remained the most common tumour pathology, warranting increased vigilance in patients with germinomas and a CSF shunt. Moreover, this review identified that extra-neural malignancy retrograde CSF shunt metastasis is extremely rare. This study proposes standardised nomenclature for classifying metastasis through CSF shunts for easier clinical identification.
Percutaneous Closure Device Controlled INCRAFT Stentgraft Implantation Registry (PUCCINI)
Authors: Engelen T. , Hoogervorst R. , DeLoose K. , van Dijk L. C. , van Eps R. S. , van Tongeren R. B. , Veger H. T. , Maene L. , Stomp W. , Wikkeling O. R. , Klink S. J. C. , van den Eynde W. , Wever J. J. , van Overhagen H. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Percutaneous endovascular repair (PEVAR) of infra-renal abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) is increasingly being performed due to the development of low profile endografts and the use of percutaneous closure devices. The feasibility and safety of the use of the INCRAFT AAA Stentgraft System and the ProGlide vascular closure system was assessed.

Methods
The PUCCINI trial prospectively enrolled patients undergoing elective repair of infrarenal AAA at 3 centres in the Netherlands and 3 centres in Belgium. Patients underwent PEVAR with endograft implantation followed by closure using the ProGlide closure device. Procedural success rates, complications and 30-day follow-up outcomes were collected.

Results
A total of 93 patients, 87% male, were enrolled. The mean aneurysmal diameter was 53.9 ± 10.2 mm. Successful ProGlide placement was achieved in 97.2% in the right and 89.8% in the left groin. Successful closure was achieved in 92.4% of right and 90% of left groins. One patient required surgical access and two surgical closure. Average blood loss was 155.6 ± 175.5ml. Blood transfusion was not required. Average length of hospital stay was 2.1 ± 1.3 days. Post-implantation endoleaks were present in 37 (40.2%) patients (type 1: 12, type 2: 25). At 30-days there was no aneurysmal growth and no deaths. Follow-up imaging showed endoleaks in 39 (41.9%) patients. (type 1:8, type 2:29, type 3:2).

Conclusion
The results from the PUCCINI trial demonstrate that the use of a low profile endoprosthesis for treatment of infrarenal AAA with percutaneous closure has a high rate of technical success and low rates of periprocedural complication.
Speedup signing: pre-rejection sampling towards dilithium
Authors: Yan Lianglin , Luo Ming , Wang Mingsheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Security and efficiency have always been two critical factors in the development of post-quantum digital signatures. As the best-known scheme, (Ducas et al., TCHES 2018) is SUF-CMA in QROM and has a relatively fast efficiency with many untrivial optimizations. The goal of this paper is to propose some techniques that can promote signing speed without sacrificing security. We first propose the pre-rejection sampling technique in stage to reduce the rejections of the fourth condition, consequently resulting in some speedup in stage. To prove security, we propose the c-selected MLWE problem, a variant of MLWE that can offer the equivalent security as original MLWE. Applying these two techniques to , we obtain an advanced signature scheme with better efficiency, and without any other losses except some pre-computations. Security reduction demonstrates that our scheme is also SUF-CMA in QROM. The experimental results show that pre-rejection sampling achieves a

$$47\%$$

47
%

,

$$22\%$$

22
%

, and

$$17\%$$

17
%

reduction in the rejection probability of the fourth condition over scheme when the parameter set corresponds to NIST’s security levels 2, 3 and 5, respectively. This type of reduction increases signing speed by approximately

$$1\%$$

1
%

under the parameter set 2 of .
A Smart Intelligence System for Hen Breed and Disease classification using Extra Tree classifier-based Ensemble Technique
Authors: Himel Galib Muhammad Shahriar , Islam Md. Masudul 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This research paper probes into the vital importance of poultry farming, specifically focusing on hens, which play a vibrant role in meeting the global demand for both eggs and meat. Identifying hen breeds and recognizing diseases pose significant challenges in poultry management, necessitating innovative solutions to enhance the efficiency of farming practices. The experimental efforts of this study were centered around classifying ten distinct hen breeds and recognizing four prevalent hen diseases through the implementation of an ensemble method. Utilizing a stacking-based ensemble approach, we achieved remarkable success, achieving a test accuracy of 99.94% for both hen breeds and 99.01% for disease classification based on feces images. In this study, we employed the self-collected dataset named ‘GalliformeSpectra’ for hen breed recognition, alongside a publicly accessible dataset of feces images to identify diseases. Additionally, to facilitate practical application, we have developed a smartphone application seamlessly incorporating our model, enabling real-time hen breed and disease classification. The findings of this study represent a groundbreaking accomplishment in the realm of hen breed classification using machine learning, distinguishing this study as both state-of-the-art and pioneering. By addressing critical challenges in poultry farming, this research contributes not only to academic progress but also provides practical solutions to enhance efficiency and sustainability in the poultry industry resulting in ease the farmers to be able to plan their farming business efficiently and to take measures in the correct time in case of diseases outbreak thus contributing to farmers, communities, and researchers.
A randomized controlled trial to study the efficacy of 1% vs. 2% lignocaine in topical airway anesthesia in routine bronchoscopy procedures
Authors: Prasad Danny , James Prince , Gupta Richa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Bronchoscopists worldwide still prefer to use 2% lignocaine as the preferred topical airway anesthetic. The minimum concentration of lignocaine used during flexible bronchoscopy to prevent uncontrolled coughing is still unclear. This double-blinded, randomized controlled trial compared the efficacy of 1% and 2% lignocaine solutions for topical anesthesia during routine flexible bronchoscopy procedures.
Five hundred patients were randomized to receive either 1% or 2% lignocaine. For topical airway anaesthesia, lignocaine was administered in aliquots of 2 ml each in a spray-as-you-go technique. The study’s primary outcome was the assessment of cough objectively by the consultant proceduralist, respiratory nurse, and assisting respiratory therapist. The subjective cough evaluation was taken from the patient using the cough visual analog score (VAS). The key secondary outcomes investigated were the total lignocaine dose, complications due to lignocaine administration, overall procedure satisfaction assessed by bronchoscopist (VAS), and patient (VAS) pain score.

Results
The cough VAS scores, as assessed by patients in both groups (2% vs. 1%), were similar (28.4 vs. 28.0 [p − 0.997]). The cough VAS scores evaluated by the bronchoscopist (31.4 vs. 34.5 [p − 0.116]), respiratory nurse (31.3 vs. 34.3 [p − 0.182]), and therapist (31.7 vs. 34.3 [p − 0.209]) were slightly higher in the 1% arm. The pain ratings by the patient were similar between the two groups (0.82 vs. 0.92 [p − 0.135]). The overall satisfaction of bronchoscopists was slightly higher in the 1% arm (35.01) vs. 2% arm (32.18) [p − 0.167]. The cumulative dose in the 1% lignocaine arm was 253 mg compared to 490 mg in the 2% lignocaine arm. There was no adverse event related to lignocaine overdose in either arm.

Conclusions
One percent of lignocaine was found to be as effective as 2% lignocaine for topical anesthesia during routine flexible bronchoscopy procedures, and it was achieved at a significantly lower dose of lignocaine in the 1% arm. So, in flexible bronchoscopy, we suggest 1% lignocaine as the preferred topical airway anesthetic agent over 2% lignocaine.
Fighting the spread
Authors: Kumar Nitesh 
Published: February 2025

Nitesh Kumar outlines the management of dental infections and abscesses. Aim To understand the principles of recognition and treatment of patients with spreading dental infection in the hospital and general practice environment using the ‘ABCDE’ approach. Objective Identify common signs of spreading dental infection. Describe how to assess the patient using the ‘ABCDE’ approach. Discuss the treatment and management of a patient with a spreading infection from a dental abscess.
Species diversity of Odonata in Mt. Gutom Protected Landscape, Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines
Authors: DICOL JALILAH P. , MONDEJAR EDDIE P. , VILLANUEVA REAGAN JOSEPH T. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Dicol JP, Mondejar EP, Villanueva RJT. 2024. Species diversity of Odonata in Mt. Gutom Protected Landscape, Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. Biodiversitas 25: 4479-4486. Mount Gutom Protected Landscape is one of the remaining natural forests and one of the most important watersheds in the province of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. This study aimed to assess the species diversity and endemism of Odonata on Mt. Gutom. The field sampling was conducted on 7-20 December 2022. A combination of sweep netting and opportunistic sampling methods were used to collect samples. The five sampling sites were established in the forested and agricultural areas where water bodies and open areas are present. A total of 331 individuals belonging to 27 species of Odonata and representing 9 families and 18 genera were recorded at the five sampling sites. The endemism of Odonata was recorded at 59.26%, including two species under the near threatened category of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Also, the Philippine endemic Diplacina bolivari Selys, 1882 and Euphaea amphicyana Ris, 1930 were the most dominant and abundant dragonfly and damselfly species in three sampling sites, respectively. All sampling sites recorded moderate diversity, with a diversity index (H') value ranging from 1.724 to 2.694. Analysis of Similarity (ANOSIM) and dissimilarity between sampling sites showed that the highest average similarities were observed in the sampling sites located along the Sikitan River, agroecosystem, and Lower Gutom (67.41%), while sampling sites in Malikas and Upper Gutom had 90.59% dissimilarity. The results advocate the importance of protecting and conserving Mt. Gutom Protected Landscape to sustain the availability of resources required to support the different taxa present.
Unveiling the occurrence of vulnerable Sisorid catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) in Bangka based on morphological and molecular evidence
Authors: VALEN FITRI S. , MAMAT NOORHIDAYAH B. , SOUTH JOSIE , OTTONI FELIPE P. , VIEIRA LUCAS O. , KAMARUDIN AHMAD S. , AFANDI AHMAD Y. , HASAN VERYL 
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Valen FS, Mamat NB, South J, Ottoni FP, Vieira LO, Kamarudin AS, Afandi AY, Hasan V. 2024. Unveiling the occurrence of vulnerable Sisorid catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) in Bangka based on morphological and molecular evidence. Biodiversitas 25: 4543-4550. Glyptothorax robustus Boeseman 1966 is a vulnerable catfish species that is known to be distributed across Java and Sumatra. The objective of this research is to document, for the first time, the presence of G. robustus in Bangka, Indonesia, and to update the species' geographic distribution. This discovery of a freshwater fish in a new location significantly contributes to the understanding of its biogeography. A purpose-sampling approach was employed to collect the specimens. The species were identified morphologically and molecularly through DNA barcoding. On 20 January 2023, five G. robustus specimens were collected from the Bumang River in Bangka Island using fish traps. The occurrence of G. robustus at this location represents the most northerly record of this species and extends its known geographic range. Additionally, this new site is approximately 200 km north of the nearest known location on Sumatra Island and 300 km north of the nearest known location in Java. This record expands the documented distribution range of G. robustus and enhances our understanding of this species. Furthermore, an updated record of the G. robustus DNA sequence from the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene is presented. This sequence constitutes the first DNA barcode for Indonesia and has the potential to support future studies in biogeographical and ichthyological research. The DNA sequence was registered in NCBI GenBank under the accession code OR144414. This DNA barcode can serve as a standard for identifying G. robustus and will support future DNA and biotechnology-based studies.
Morphometric variation and ecological niche differentiation in Hyophila apiculata and H. involuta from karst microhabitats in Kanchanaburi, Thailand
Authors: SAWANGPROH WEERACHON 
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Sawangproh W. 2024. Morphometric variation and ecological niche differentiation in Hyophila apiculata and H. involuta from karst microhabitats in Kanchanaburi, Thailand. Biodiversitas 25: 4551-4560. Karst environments, characterized by limestone and dolomite formations, host diverse ecosystems shaped by unique geological features such as sinkholes, caves, and underground rivers. These landscapes foster adaptations among flora and fauna, showcasing phenotypic plasticity that enables species to thrive in challenging conditions. This study examines the morphometric variation between Hyophila apiculata M.Fleisch. and H. involuta (Hook.) A.Jaeger in arid karst microhabitats of Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand. Surveys conducted across 86 sampling points revealed predominantly allopatric populations, with H. apiculata present in 26 sites (30%) and H. involuta in 58 sites (68%). Sympatric occurrences were rare, found at only two points (2%). Leaf morphometric analyses demonstrated that H. involuta exhibits wider leaves and larger leaf areas compared to H. apiculata, which features longer and wider median and apical leaf cells with thicker cell walls. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated distinct morphological clusters for the two species, though some overlap was observed, suggesting the possibility of hybridization or transitional forms. These findings underscore the ecological niche differentiation and adaptive strategies of these moss species, enhancing our understanding of plant diversity and resilience in calcareous environments. This research contributes to the broader conservation efforts in these sensitive areas, emphasizing the need for preserving karst ecosystems that harbor unique biological communities and serve as indicators of environmental health. Such insights are critical for developing effective conservation strategies aimed at safeguarding the rich biodiversity found in karst landscapes.