bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
METABOLISM OF OESTRONE GLUCOSIDURONATE AT MIDPREGNANCY
Authors: Zucconi G. , Goebelsmann U. , Wiqvist N. , Diczfalusy E. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Oestrone-6,7-3H-glucosiduronate-14C (OE1-3H-Gl-14C) has been prepared biosynthetically and its metabolism studied in two cases of therapeutic abortion following the administration of the tracer at laparotomy into the umbilical vein.
The bulk of the radioactive material recovered was in the foetus and placenta; only small amounts were present in the urine of the mother. Minute quantities of the radioactive material recovered from any of these sources were in an unconjugated form.
Following reduction with KBH4 of the extract of the foetal liver oestriol-3-glucosiduronate (OE3-3Gl) was isolated from this source with the same isotopic ratio as that of the injected material. Following hydrolysis with β-glucuronidase, 3H-labelled oestrone, 17β-oestradiol and oestriol were isolated in a radiochemically homogeneous form from the foetal liver and from the urine of the mother, and oestrone and 17β-oestradiol from the placenta. From the urine of the mothers OE1-3H-Gl-14C was also isolated. It exhibited the same isotopic ratio as the injected material.
Following the intravenous infusion to two women at midpregnancy of a combination of 3H-labelled OE1-Gl and 14C-labelled oestrone sulphate (OE1-S), the tracer administered as OE1-Gl was eliminated in the urine far more rapidly than that infused in the form of OE1-S.
It is concluded that at midpregnancy a) the foetus is capable of metabolizing OE1-Gl without any preceding hydrolysis, b) the placenta exhibits no β-glucuronidase activity, c) only a limited amount of OE1-Gl is transferred from the foeto-placental circulation to the mother and exclusively in an unchanged form, and d) OE1-Gl is eliminated from the maternal circulation much more rapidly than OE1-S.
INCREASED RENAL PHOSPHATE EXCRETION IN CUSHING'S SYNDROME
Authors: Camanni F. , Losana O. , Massara F. , Molinatti G. M. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Renal phosphate excretion was measured in 23 cases of Cushing's syndrome using the phosphate excretion index (PEI) described by Nordin & Fraser (1960). The majority of the patients had an increased PEI associated with a tendency towards hypophosphoraemia. Regression of the syndrome due to intrasellar implantation of 90Y or to removal of an adrenal neoplasm led to prompt correction of both the PEI and the phosphoraemia. In patients with adrenal insufficiency the PEI values fell below the lower limit of the normal.
ABSENCE OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDUCED CHANGES IN URINE VOLUME AND CORTISOL SECRETION RATE
Authors: Copinschi G. , Leclercq R. , Cornil A. , Franckson J. R. M. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The adrenocortical function has been studied in 10 normal subjects, during periods of oliguria and polyuria successively induced by fluid restriction and water load. There was no relationship between changes in urine volume and the cortisol secretion, its peripheral metabolism or the urinary excretion of its catabolites isolated by chromatography. These data suggest that the previously published relationships between urine volume and urinary steroid excretion were not due to catabolites of cortisol, but to other substances interfering with the reactions of characterization.
STUDIES ON THE METABOLISM OF C-19 STEROIDS IN THE HUMAN FOETO-PLACENTAL UNIT
Authors: Benagiano G. , Kincl F. A. , Zielske F. , Wiqvist N. , Diczfalusy E. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
3H-labelled androst-4-ene-3,17-dione and 14C-labelled testosterone were administered at laparotomy into the intact foeto-placental circulation and the principal metabolites present in the placenta and various foetal tissues were isolated and identified. Five subjects were investigated; all foetuses were females.
Except in the liver, where there was a complete interconversion, in all tissues more testosterone was converted into androstenedione than vice versa.
The following unconjugated (ether soluble) metabolites were isolated: 5β-androstane-3,17-dione from the liver, gastro-intestinal tract and residual foetal tissues; 3α-hydroxy-5β-androstan-17-one (liver, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, residual foetal tissues); 5β-androstane-3α,17β-diol (liver); 5α-androstane-3,17-dione (lungs, gastro-intestinal tract, residual foetal tissues); 3α-hydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one (lungs, gastro-intestinal tract, residual foetal tissues); 11β-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione (adrenals); oestrone (placenta and combined foetal tissues); 17β-oestradiol (placenta); oestriol (placenta).
The following metabolites were isolated from the conjugated (water soluble) fraction of the liver: testosterone, 3α-hydroxy-5β-androstan-17-one, 3β-hydroxy-5β-androstan-17-one, 5β-androstane-3α,17β-diol, oestrone, 17β-oestradiol, oestriol. In addition, oestrone was isolated from the aqueous phase of the placentas, oestrone, 17β-oestradiol and oestriol from the aqueous phase of the combined foetal tissues, and 15α-hydroxy-oestradiol was detected and characterized in the extracts of placentas and livers.
A high degree of enzymic stereospecificity in the reduction of the administered androstenedione and testosterone was observed in the various foetal tissues: 3α,5β-forms were predominant in the liver, with little, if any 3α,5α-forms present. In the lungs and residual foetal tissues, 3α,5α-products were predominant, whereas in the extracts of the gastrointestinal tract both types of reduction products were present in approximately equal amounts.
STUDIES ON EOSINOPHIL GRANULOCYTES.
Authors: Baker A. P. , Bergman F. , Josefsson B. , Paul K. G. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Castrated, adult male rats were given a long-acting androgen in doses that caused a rapid growth of the anterior prostate lobes, the seminal vesicles, and the levator ani muscle. There was no decrease in the number of mast cells, and no increase in the number of eosinophils.
THE ISOLATION OF PROGESTERONE FROM HUMAN PREGNANCY URINE
Authors: Ismail A. A. A. , Harkness R. A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Progesterone was isolated from the »freely extractable« fraction of approximately 50 litres of pregnancy urine. Chemical and physical properties showed that the compound isolated was indeed progesterone.
The isolation procedure involved a modified form of the Girard reaction in which a »conjugated ketone« fraction containing progesterone was separated from both the non-ketonic components and the major bulk of the saturated ketones. This was followed by paper and thin-layer chromatography. The final separation was achieved using preparative gas-liquid chromatography.
It was estimated from the gas-chromatographic peak heights that there was no more than 250 μg of progesterone in the pooled urine residues.
THE EFFECT OF DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN IN VITRO ON THE METABOLISM OF TESTOSTERONE BY RAT LIVER SLICES
Authors: Sholiton Leon J. , Werk Emile E. , MacGee Joseph 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The metabolism of testosterone-4-14C by rat liver slices has been evaluated with and without the presence of diphenylhydantoin (DPH). Radioactive metabolites were identified by paper chromatography and recrystallization to constant specific activities with appropriate standards. With female rat liver slice incubation, under the conditions utilized, androsterone (A) and allo-tetrahydrotestosterone (allo-THT) is increased 4–5 fold by the presence of DPH. In the male, aetiocholanolone (E) and tetrahydrotestosterone (THT) formation is noted with increased conversion to these in the presence of DPH. It is postulated that the DPH effect may be due to competitive inhibition of hepatic microsomal hydroxylase activity while allowing for unabated Δ4-reductase action.
MECHANISM OF ACTION OF GROWTH HORMONE IN ALTERING ITS OWN SECRETION RATE: COMPARISON WITH THE ACTION OF DEXAMETHASONE
Authors: Muller Eugenio E. , Sawano Shinji , Arimura Akira , Schally Andrew V. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Administration of large doses of growth hormone (GH) (2 mg/100 g/day for 5 days) failed to modify growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) activity in either 1) plasma and the hypothalamus of long-term hypophysectomized rats, 2) the hypothalamus of normal rats. An elevation of pituitary content of GH was observed in normal rats as a consequence of growth hormone treatment. In contrast to growth hormone, dexamethasone (50 μg/100 g/day for, 5 days) induced considerable decrease of GRF activity in both plasma and the hypothalamus of long-term hypophysectomized rats, as well as in the hypothalamus of normal rats.
No alteration of pituitary GH content was observed in normal rats as a consequence of chronic dexamethasone treatment. GH (1 mg/100 g) given 30 minutes before administration of a hypothalamic extract blocked the GH-depleting activity of the latter, while dexamethasone (50 μg/100 g) given one hour before apparently was ineffective.
It is suggested that growth hormone suppresses its own secretion rate acting directly on the pituitary gland, while the action of dexamethasone on GH secretion, takes place mainly at the level of the hypothalamus.
STEROID-RESISTANT HYPERCALCAEMIA AND PARATHYROID HYPERPLASIA IN NON-OSSEOUS CANCER
Authors: Grimes B. J. , Fisher B. , Finn F. , Danowski T. S. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The initial presence and the subsequent recurrence of an extra-skeletal squamous cell carcinoma of the lung were associated with hypercalcaemia and hypophosphataemia unaffected by large dosages of prednisone or oral Na2HPO4 but responsive to buffered phosphate administered intravenously.
An extract of the tumour produced hyperphosphaturia by blockade of tubular reabsorption of filtered phosphate.
Though the phosphaturic action of the extract indicated the presence of a parathyroid hormone-like molecule in the tumour, the patient's parathyroid glands were enlarged at necropsy. The latter finding raises the possibility that the tumour may have been elaborating both a parathyroid hormone-like principle and a parathyrotrophic principle. At present there are no data which support the thesis that cancers can elaborate a principle which stimulates the parathyroid glands in terms comparable to ACTH, TSH, etc. It is more likely that in our patient the phosphate loads administered in attempts to reduce the hypercalcaemia were responsible for the parathyroid hyperplasia.
THYROID FUNCTION IN ORAL CONTRACEPTION
Authors: Starup J. , Friis T. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Eighty one euthyroid, fertile women were treated cyclically with a daily dose of 5 mg of 6-methyl-6-dehydro-17α-acetoxyprogesterone (megestrol acetate) + 0.1 mg of 17α-ethynyl-oestradiol-3-methylether (mestranol) for an average of 16 months. During treatment a definite, but not significant, increase in protein-bound iodine (PBI) was found.
In 11 normal fertile women, the thyroid function was evaluated before, during, and after cyclical treatment with megestrol acetate + mestranol. The observation period was 4 to 19 months. The thyroidal 4-hour uptake and 24-hour uptake of 131I and the uptake of 131I-triiodothyronine (T3) by erythrocytes and resin (Triosorb*) were determined at short intervals. No significant changes were observed in the two first mentioned tests, but it was characteristic of all patients except one, that the red-cell uptake of T3 was significantly decreased to values below the lower limit of normal, within 1 to 2 months of the commencement of treatment, and that it then remained unchanged during the remainder of the treatment period. One month after treatment was discontinued, all patients except two showed values within normal limits. The uptake of T3 by resin showed similar patterns during the treatment period, but one month after the medication was withdrawn, only 2 out of the 9 patients had values within the normal range.
In 5 menopausal women, the thyroid function was evaluated before, during, and after continuous treatment with megestrol acetate by means of the same parameters as in the former group of patients. The observation period was 4 to 6 months. No significant changes were observed in the 4 indices of the thyroid function during and following treatment with megestrol acetate alone. It is therefore concluded that the significant decrease in the red-cell uptake and resin uptake of T3 observed during treatment will megestrol acetate + mestranol is caused exclusively by the oestrogen in this combination.
EFFETS DE L'ABLATION DE LA THYROIDE MATERNELLE OU FOETALE SUR LE TAUX DES HORMONES CIRCULANTES CHEZ LE FOETUS DE RAT
Authors: Geloso J. P. , Bernard G. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The BEI was determined in maternal and foetal rat plasma on day 21 of gestation by an isotope equilibrium method. The foetuses were either left intact or deprived of their thyroid gland by decapitation; the mothers were either normal or thyroidectomized.
The thyroid gland of the foetal rat appears to be the main source of thyroid hormone present in the foetal blood: thyroidectomy of the mother does not alter the BEI level of normal foetuses. The ablation of the foetal thyroid gland markedly decreases the foetal BEI both in intact and thyroidectomized mothers.
The BEI level in plasma of decapitated foetuses is lower in thyroidectomized mothers than in intact mothers. Hence, some maternal hormone passes through the placenta into the foetus, but this transfer is too limited to compensate for the absence of the foetal thyroid gland.
STUDIES ON THE DOSE-RESPONSE CURVES IN THE VENTRAL PROSTATE METHOD FOR LUTEINIZING HORMONE
Authors: Christiansen Peter 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Six luteinizing hormone preparations of human, ovine and equine origin were assayed by a modification of Greep's ventral prostate method. The dose-response curves for human and equine preparations on the one hand and the ovine preparation on the other had a widely different course. The ovine preparation gave a flat curve and did not even in large dosis, exhibit prostatic weights of the magnitude obtained by human preparations. The human and equine preparations gave steep curves, equally steep for human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG), human pituitary gonadotrophin (HPG), and the equine preparation.
The slope of the curve is unaffected by the route of administration of the hormones, subcutaneous or intraperitoneal.
The causes of the differences in the course of the curves are discussed and the importance of using standards of human origin when testing hormonal substances from humans is pointed out.
INHIBITION BY HUMAN SERUM OF THE ADIPOKINETIC EFFECT OF A HUMAN PITUITARY LIPID-MOBILIZING FACTOR (LMF) IN RABBITS
Authors: Trygstad Olav , Foss Irene 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A lipid-mobilizing factor (LMF) has previously been prepared from human pituitary glands. The LMF was strongly adipokinetic in rabbits. Subcutaneous injection of 0.1 mg gave an increase of serum nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) in the range of 5 meq./l. Addition of 3 ml normal human serum to LMF reduced its adipokinetic effect. The inhibition of LMF by human serum was specific, since serum from mouse or pig did not reduce the increase of serum NEFA induced by LMF, and human serum had no influence on the adipokinesis given by whale, pig, or synthetic ACTH preparations in rabbits.
The human serum inhibition of LMF was located to the gamma G globulin fraction by DEAE-cellulose chromatography.
Serum from six children with generalized lipodystrophy had a negligible influence on the adipokinesis in rabbits induced by LMF. Sera from one group of obese patients reduced the adipokinetic effect of LMF as normal control sera, while sera from another group of obese patients made the increase of serum NEFA negligible. It is suggested that the first group of obese patients may be related to Mayer's simple regulatory or 'hyperphagic' type of obesity and the latter to his metabolic type of obesity. Furthermore possible mechanisms for the human serum inhibition of LMF are discussed.
HORMONAL STEROIDS IN THE ARMADILLO, DASYPUS NOVEMCINCTUS
Authors: Brinck-Johnsen Truls , Benirschke Kurt , Brinck-Johnsen Kari 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Supernatant preparations of armadillo placental homogenate were incubated with testosterone-4-14C, androst-4-ene-3,17-dione-4-14C, dehydroepiandrosterone-4-14C, 16α-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone-7α-3H and pregn-5-enolone-4-14C, using Ryan's classical techniques for tissue preparation and incubation. Evidence based on paper chromatography, methylation, thin layer chromatography and acid fluorescence, in conjunction with reverse isotope dilution, shows that oestriol was formed in vitro when 16α-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone-7α-3H was used as the precursor. The other androgenic precursors were converted to phenolic compounds to a much smaller degree, possibly to oestrone and 17β-oestradiol. No aromatization appeared to take place when pregn-5-enolone-4-14C was studied as a precursor for oestrogens.
Pooled armadillo pregnant urine and pooled pregnant plasma contained oestrogens, among which the presence of oestriol was satisfactorily demonstrated by paper chromatography, thin layer chromatography, methylation and acid fluorescence during isotope dilution studies.
ENTERO-HEPATISCHER KREISLAUF VON C19-STEROIDEN V: RESORPTION UND REKONJUGATION VON 7α-3H-DHEA-35S-SULFAT IM DÜNNDARM DES MENSCHEN IN VIVO
Authors: Fries Norbert , Knapstein Paul , Wendlberger Franz , Oertel Georg W. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
In the small intestines DHEA sulfate underwent a complete reabsorption which was slow and continuous within the first 2 hours. While passing the intestinal wall most of it was converted to sulfatide without cleavage of the sulfuric acid ester bond or metabolism.
DETERMINATION OF BLOOD CORTICOIDS USING THE IN VITRO RESIN UPTAKE OF 3H-PREDNISOLONE
Authors: Nakajima Hironori , Murala Mitsunori , Nakata Masumitsu , Naruse Takeshi , Kubo Seiji 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The in vitro resin uptake of 3H-prednisolone was used for the determination of blood cortisol after addition of radioactive prednisolone followed by Amberlite CG 400 Type 1 to the test serum, and incubation of the mixture. The radioactivity of the supernatant was compared before and after the addition of the resin. The principle of this method is similar to that of the 131I-triiodothyronine resin uptake for the thyroid function test. The tests for the specificity, reproducibility and sensitivity gave satisfactory results. The mean basal value ± SD of the 3H-prednisolone resin uptake was 35.3 ± 9.2% in normal subjects, and 27.1 ± 4.8% in pregnant women. This method was valid in various adrenal function tests, i. e. the adrenal circadian rhythm, corticotrophin (ACTH) test, dexamethasone suppression test and the adrenal response to lysine-8-vasopressin. It proved to be a sensitive indicator of the adrenal function. These results suggest that this method should be useful for a routine adrenal function test.
ON THE MECHANISM OF HORMONE ACTION. VII.
Authors: Lang N. , Herrlich P. , Sekeris C. E. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A messenger RNA fraction has been isolated from the liver of cortisol treated rats which when added to an in vitro protein synthesizing sytem gives rise to tyrosine-α-ketoglutarate transaminase activity. Development of enzyme activity is dependent on active protein synthesis and is inhibited by puromycin and erythromycin. It is concluded that the messenger RNA fraction contains the information for the formation of tyrosine transaminase and that the enzyme is formed in vitro by de novo synthesis.
ÜBER DEN EXTREMEN GESCHLECHTSDIMORPHISMUS IM WACHSTUM DER MOSCHUSENTE, CAIRINA MOSCHATA FLEMM.
Authors: von Faber Hans 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The treatment with 10 μg oestradiol benzoate/100 g body weight/day from the 8.–28. day decreased the gonad weight, increased the oviduct weight and did not influence the growth of both sexes of Muscovy ducklings. The daily injection of 100 IU of PMS or prolactin from the 18.–27. day stimulated ovary and oviduct weight but had no effect on the growth rate. Therefore, the previously described hypersensitivity of Muscovy ducklings to the growth-depressing effects of oestrogens is not so well marked to explain the slower growth of the females in this species by their normal oestrogen secretion.
EPIPHYSEAL GROWTH ZONES IN OESTRADIOL-TREATED RABBITS
Authors: Berntsen E. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Rabbits weighing about 800 g were treated with oestradiol monobenzoate during 30 days. At the end of the treatment, the mean body weight of the experimental animals was significantly lower than that of the control animals. Grossly, a narrowing of the epiphyseal cartilage plate and a reduction of the height of the metaphysis was observed. In cartilage, the content of water, hexosamine, uronic acid, sodium, potassium and chloride decreased. The content of hydroxyproline was unchanged. In metaphyseal bone, the water content increased and the mucopolysaccharide content tended to an increase, while the concentration of hydroxyproline and of electrolytes remained unchanged. The uptake of 35SO4 was depressed in both tissues.
MISE EN EVIDENCE, PURIFICATION ET PROPRIETES D'UNE IODOALBUMINE, CONSTITUANT PHYSIOLOGIQUE DE LA GLANDE THYROIDE DE RAT
Authors: Torresani Janine , Roques Marie , Peyrot Alberto , Lissitzky Serge 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The presence of an iodinated albumin in the soluble thyroid proteins of rat has been shown after labeling with radioactive iodine the thyroid glands in vivo or in vitro.
The purification of this protein fraction was carried out by centrifugation on sucrose gradient followed by filtration on Sephadex G-200.
The purified iodoprotein migrates as an albumin in starch-gel or disc electrophoresis. It is immunoelectrophoretically identical to serumalbumin. It contains MIT, DIT and the hormones (T4, T3). After a short pulse with radioactive iodine in vivo or in vitro, its specific radioactivity is much higher than that of S19 thyroglobulin or other thyroglobulin-like proteins. It is concluded that the thyroid gland of normal rat contains (and most probably synthetizes) an albumin which is able to be iodinated and to contribute to the synthesis of thyroid hormones. In conditions where the synthesis of thyroglobulin is impaired, this iodoalbumin might represent the main substrate for thyroid hormone biosynthesis.
A DESCRIPTION OF TWO BROTHERS WITH PERMANENTLY RAISED NON-ESTERIFIED AETIOCHOLANOLONE BLOOD LEVEL
Authors: Driessen O. , Voûte P. A. , Vermeulen A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The literature on aetiocholanolone fever is reviewed. Case reports of two brothers suffering from aetiocholanolone fever are described. In both patients the non-esterified aetiocholanolone level of the blood was raised not only during the pyrexial attacks but also during the fever-free periods. During one fever period an extremely high non-esterified aetiocholanolone level was found.
Cortisone therapy neither shortened the fever periods or influenced the level of the non-esterified plasma aetiocholanolone.
ANALYSIS OF SOLVOLYZABLE STEROIDS IN HUMAN PLASMA BY COMBINED GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY - MASS SPECTROMETRY
Authors: Sjövall J. , Vihko R. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Solvolyzable steroids in human peripheral plasma were separated by chromatography on Sephadex LH-20 into two fractions having the elution volumes of mono- and disulphates, respectively. The steroid conjugates in the latter fraction had the mobility of steroid disulphates on TLC. After solvolysis in ethyl acetate acidified with sulphuric acid the steroids were analyzed by gas chromatography and combined gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. Cholesterol, dehydroepiandrosterone, androsterone, epiandrosterone, aetiocholanolone, pregnenolone, pregn-5-ene-3β,20α-diol, androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol, androst-5-ene-3β,17α-diol and an androstanediol, most probably 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol were found in the monosulphate fraction. Androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol, androst-5-ene-3β,17α-diol and pregn-5-ene-3β,20α-diol were found in the disulphate fraction. The ratio of C19 to C21 diols was higher in the disulphate than in the monosulphate fraction.