bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma Exchange in Myasthenia gravis Complicated with Complement Activation and Urticarial Reactions Using Fresh‐Frozen Plasma as Replacement Solution1
Authors: Rosenkvist J. , Berkowicz A. , Holsøe E. , Sørensen H. , Taaning E. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract6 patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) underwent 26 plasma exchanges (PE) using fresh‐frozen plasma (FFP) as replacement solution. After each procedure, complement C3 conversion products (C3c) were detected in the plasma of all the patients. 3 patients had one or more attacks of urticaria during or immediately after the procedure. Using 5% albumin‐saline solution as plasma replacement solution, complement activation and urticarial reactions were not seen. It is concluded that infusion of FFP to patients with MG should be avoided as it may induce complement activation and allergic reactions.
A New Monoclonal Anti‐A Culture Supernatants with the Performance of Hyperimmune Human Reagents
Authors: Lowe A.D. , Lennox E.S. , Voak D. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBy proper selection for good growth and high avidity, we have prepared a new anti‐A monoclonal antibody producing cell line that gives culture supernatants as potent as US‐licensed commercial hyperimmune human reagents and which meet USA FDA standards without the need for concentration. The production and use of this reagent is cost effective and makes it a candidate to replace conventional anti‐A typing reagents.
Inactivation of Hepatitis B and Hutchinson Strain Non‐A, Non‐B Hepatitis Viruses by Exposure to Tween 80 and Ether1
Authors: Prince Alfred M. , Horowitz Bernard , Brotman Betsy , Huima Tellervo , Richardson Linda , van den Ende M.C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractTitrated stocks of hepatitis B virus and Hutchinson strain non‐A, non‐B hepatitis virus were diluted in normal serum to contain, respectively, ≥106 and ≥104 chimpanzee infectious doses (CID50) per milliliter and exposed to 1% Tween 80 and 20% ether at 4°C for 18 h. After evaporation of the ether, the treated sera were each inoculated into two chimpanzees. The animals remained free of serologic and biochemical evidence of hepatitis during a 6‐month follow‐up period, and were then shown to be susceptible to infection by challenge with the original untreated inocula.To assess the effect of exposure to Tween 80/ether on coagulation factors, four lots of antihemophilic factor (AHF) concentrate and 2 lots of commercial factor IX concentrate were treated as above. For the AHF concentrate there was an average of 70% recovery of factor VIII procoagulant activity, 93% recovery of factor VIII‐related antigen, and 73% recovery of fibronectin opsonin activity and no detectable change in ristocetin cofactor activity or in fibronectin antigen.Crossed immunoelectrophoresis revealed no change in migration rate of fibrinogen, fibronectin, and von Willebrand factor (vWF), although the quantity of fibrinogen was reduced. Factor VIII procoagulant activity and vWF activity remained associated during chromatography on BioGel A15.
Use of Imugard IG500 Filters for Preparation of Leukocyte‐Poor Blood for Cancer Patients
Authors: Lichtiger Benjamin , del Valle Luis , Armintor Margie , Trujillo Jose M. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn order to determine the efficiency of Imugard IG500 filters in producing leukocyte‐poor blood (LPB), 109 units of red cell concentrates were processed using cold (4°C) or room temperature saline solution without the application of pressure to the blood bag. The results obtained in terms of red blood cell recovery, white blood cell removal, residual white blood cells, and free hemoglobin in the supernatant of the filtered units are comparable to those processed with the IBM 2991. LPB processed without pressure application to the blood bag and room temperature saline solution can be rapidly, efficiently and safely prepared in any size blood bank/transfusion service. This technique is definitely cost‐saving in terms of equipment, software, space and personnel training.
Reaction of Anti‐Gd, Anti‐Fl and Anti‐Sa Cold Agglutinins with p Erythrocytes
Authors: Roelcke D. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAmong four anti‐Gd cold agglutinins two showed a slight preferential reaction with p erythrocytes, two did not. Anti‐Fl and anti‐Sa cold agglutinins, sharing some serologic characteristics with Gd antibodies, showed no preferential reactions with p cells. The findings point to different fine specificities of monoclonal anti‐Gd cold agglutinins.
An Anti‐I Cold Auto‐Agglutinin Enhanced in the Presence of Sodium Azide1
Authors: Reviron M. , Janvier D. , Reviron J. , Lagabrielle J.F. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractDifficulty in determining the ABO blood group led to the discovery of an anti‐I cold auto‐agglutinin in the serum of a blood donor. The peculiarity of this antibody is that its activity is enhanced in the presence of a preservative found in manufactured anti‐sera: sodium azide. At 4°C, the auto‐antibody agglutinates RBCs even without NaN3 but the drug increases its effect in the cold. At 22°C, the drug is necessary for the adsorption of the antibody on red cells.
Conformational Changes and Loss of Opsonic Function in Frozen or Heat‐Treated Plasma Fibronectin
Authors: Boughton B.J. , Simpson A. , Wharton C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractUsing human peripheral blood monocytes to assay opsonic protein activity, we have examined the efficiency of various procedures for isolating fibronectin from plasma for experimental or therapeutic use. In addition, we have assessed the protein's opsonic activity after cold storage, and after heat treatment to inactivate hepatitis virus. The purification procedures recovered only 30% of available plasma fibronectin whilst cold storage and heat treatment of the purified protein removed all of its remaining opsonic activity. This was associated with no alteration in overall molecular weight or in subunit size but was accompanied by changes in ultraviolet spectrum, suggesting a conformational change in the protein structure. Initial experiments to protect the purified protein against these changes were unsuccessful and unless further attempts are more encouraging, fresh‐frozen plasma may be the only current economic source of opsonically active fibronectin. Since this would waste other valuable proteins required for other purposes, the widespread use of plasma fibronectin outside of clinical trials may be unjustified at this present time.
Pasteurization of C1 Inactivator in the Presence of Citrate Salts1,2
Authors: Williams Craigenne , Wickerhauser Milan , Busby Thomas F. , Ingham Kenneth C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractConditions have been determined under which the C1 inactivator (C1‐INA) can be pasteurized to reduce the risk of transfusion hepatitis associated with its use for replacement therapy in patients with genetic or acquired deficiencies. Recovery of 90% of the biological and immunological activity of a C1‐INA concentrate was achieved following heat treatment for 10 h at 60°C in the presence of 3 M potassium citrate. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis in heparinized agarose was used to demonstrate the ability of the pasteurized C1‐INA to bind heparin and to form a precipitation pattern with antibody which was almost indistinguishable from that of an unheated control. High pressure liquid chromatography and enhancement of the fluorescence of 1,8‐anilinonaphthalene sulfonate were used to show that other proteins present in the concentrate were also stabilized.
A Process for Preparation of ‘High‐Purity’ Factor VIII by Controlled Pore Glass Treatment
Authors: Margolis J. , Gallovich C.M. , Rhoades P. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA simple process for large‐scale manufacture of ‘high‐purity’ factor VIII is described in detail. A crude concentrate prepared from washed cryo is treated with controlled pore glass (CPG, 500Å pore diameter) in proportion of 20–30 ml of CPG to 1 g input of protein. The slurry is poured into a separation column and the effluent purified concentrate collected. The remaining factor VIII in the void volume is displaced by a wash solution. After passage through a 0.2 μm membrane filter the product is dispensed and lyophilized. Maintaining the operating pH at 6.5–6.7 and adding synthetic amino acids improved the yield and solubility. The current concentrate contains 1 unit of factor VIII per mg protein (10 units mg fibrinogen) with a recovery of 250 units/kg plasma. The CPG stage is non‐destructive, yielding more than 90% of the input factor VIII. In 1980–1983, more than 3times106 units have been used in New South Wales, mostly for massive cover in surgical patients. In collaboration with the Commonwealth Serum Laboratories, it is intended to expand production for use in other Australian States.
Serology and Genetics of an MNSs‐Associated Antigen Dantu
Authors: Contreras Marcela , Green Carole , Humphreys June , Tippett Patricia , Daniels Geoff , Teesdale Phyllis , Armitage Susan , Lubenko Anatole 
Published: March 2009

AbstractDantu, a previously undescribed low‐incidence red cell antigen, is inherited as a Mendelian dominant character. The Dantu antigen is associated with very weak s antigen, protease resistant N antigen and either very weak or no U antigen. Two of the propositi had previously been shown to have an unusual hybrid MNSs sialoglycoprotein, and it is probably this which carries these unusual N, s and U antigens as well as the Dantu antigen. A study of the family of one propositus suggests, by conventional genetics, that Dantu is not controlled by the MNSs locus; a possible explanation is given. Several examples of anti‐Dantu are known, one was found to cause a positive direct antiglobulin reaction on neonatal red cells.
High Frequency of Anti‐A and Anti‐B Haemolysins in Certain Ethnic Groups of Nigeria
Authors: Kulkarni A. G. , Ibazebe R. , Fleming A. F. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractOut of 11,480 blood donors, 5,380 (46.9%) belonging to a blood group O were screened for the presence of anti‐A and anti‐B haemolysins. Strong haemolysins (complete lysis of A and/or B cells) were detected in 1,739 (32.3%) of these blood donors. A striking observation was the high frequency of these haemolysins amongst ethnic groups originating from the southern part of Nigeria. Possible causes and consequences during blood transfusion and pregnancy are discussed.
A Pasteurized Antithrombin III Concentrate for Clinical Use
Authors: SmithM J.K. , Winkelman L. , Evans D.R. , Haddon M.E. , Sims G. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract. A method for large‐scale production of a pasteurized antithrombin III (AT III) concentrate for therapeutic use has been adapted from published methods. It includes the following steps: (1) batchwise adsorption onto heparin‐Sepharose from plasma depleted of cryoprecipitate and prothrombin complex; (2) chromatographic elution at high salt concentration; (3) pasteurization for 10 h at 60°C in the presence of added citrate ion; (4) desalting on Sephadex G‐25, and (5) sterile filtration and freeze‐drying.Seven batches prepared in this manner gave a mean yield of 269 UAT III/kg plasma. The product passed all the usual animal safety and pyrogenicity tests and has been used successfully in several courses of treatment of congenital deficiencies.
In vitro and in vivo Activities of Different Immunoglobulin G Preparations from the Rabbit against Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Trautmann M. , Müller‐Leutloff Y. , Hofstaetter T. , Seiler F.R. , Hahn H. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractSpecific rabbit IgG, prepared against three enterobacterial strains, was modified according to procedures used for the production of human IgG preparations suitable for intravenous infusion. The resulting products were examined for their in vitro opsonic and in vivo protective activity against the respective bacterial strains. A sulfonated IgG preparation (S‐sIgG) and the enzymatically derived fragments F(ab')2 and Fab/Fc were opsonic in vitro and provided in vivo protection against lethal enterobacterial infection in mice. Protection by Fab fragments varied in the different in vivo models.
Deficiency of Autologous Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction in Patients with Idiopathic Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Authors: Conte Roberto , Tazzari Pier Luigi , Finelli Carlo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAlterations in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (autologous MLR) have been reported in many autoimmune diseases and in diseases with a derangement of T regulatory function. We have studied autologous MLR in 10 patients with idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia (IAHA). All patients had decreased autologous MLR which averaged 4,106+1,332 cpm (SEM) compared to 12,153+4,166 cpm for simultaneously studied controls. A marked decrease in phytohemagglutinin response and an imbalance of T‐cell subsets were also observed. These findings suggest a possible abnormality of T immuno‐regulatory function in IAHA patients.
Antiglycolipid Antibodies in Normal and Pathologic Human Sera and Synovial Fluids
Authors: Kaise Shunji , Yasuda Tatsuji , Kasukawa Reiji , Nishimaki Tomoe , Watarai Shinobu , Tsumita Toru 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAntiglycolipid antibodies were measured in normal and pathologic sera and synovial fluids by means of a modified microplate method of complement‐mediated immune lysis of fluorescent dye‐trapped liposomes. All sera of normal subjects had antibodies against globopentaosylceramide (IV3 GalNAcGbOse4Cer), ganglioside GMI, gangliotriaosylceramide, gangliotetraosylceramide, and galactosylneolactotetraosylceramide antigens. Most sera of normal subjects had antibodies against lactotriaosylceramide, N‐glycolylneuraminosyl‐neolactotetraosylceramide (NeuGcnLcOse4Cer), GM3 ganglioside with N‐glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGcGM3) and GDIa antigens. Differences of titers against IV3GalNAcGbOse4Cer, neolactotetraosylceramide, NeuGcGM3 and NeuGcnLcOse4Cer antigens were observed between sera of normal subjects and pathologic sera from cases of leukemias, lymphomas, several autoimmune diseases and liver diseases.
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Due to Anti B Autoantibody
Authors: Atichartakarn Vichai , Chiewsilp Pimol , Ratanasirivanich Pimolparn , Stabunswadgan Sunee 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAn anti B autoantibody was found during a routine cross‐matching of the blood of two patients who presented with fever and hemolytic anemia. It appeared transiently and was shown to be IgM‐ and cold‐reacting. The patients had an excellent response to a short course of corticosteroid treatment.
Removal of Hepatitis B Virus Infectivity from Human Gamma‐Globulin Prepared by Ion‐Exchange Chromatography
Authors: Zolton Raymond P. , Padvelskis John V. , Kaplan Paul M. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractHepatitis B virus infectivity can be removed from human plasma used to prepare a gamma‐globulin product by ion‐exchange chromatography with commercially available resins. A pooled human plasma sample free of hepatitis markers was contaminated with 10,000 chimpanzee infectious doses of hepatitis B virus per milliliter from a known infectious inoculum. The contaminated plasma was diluted to yield a weakly positive radioimmunoassay result for HBsAg and then processed over a double‐column chromatography system containing anionic ion‐exchange resins to yield highly purified gamma‐globulin. Two chimpanzees were each inoculated intravenously with this product while a control animal received non‐treated material. The 2 experimental animals each received a potential challenge of 3,000 ID and showed no serologic evidence of the disease during 9 months of evaluation. The control animal received 100 ID and developed hepatitis B 25 weeks after the challenge.
An Experimental Model for Preventing Alloimmunization against Platelet Transfusions by Pretreatment with Antibody‐Coated Cells
Authors: Süsal C. , Terness P. , Opelz G. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe pretreatment of LEW (RT‐11) rat recipients with antibody‐coated BN (RT‐1n) blood cells resulted in the suppression of the LEW antibody response against subsequent BN platelet and leukocyte transfusions. Both coating with homologous LEW‐anti‐BN serum or heterologous rabbit‐anti‐rat lymphocyte serum was effective. Repeated boosting with uncoated platelets or leukocytes did not abrogate the suppression. The degree of suppression was dependent on the amount of antibody used for cell coating. The induced suppression was also extended to uncoated antigens and unrelated third‐party cells. The serum‐IgG fraction of pretreated rats was strongly immunosuppressive, suggesting that the mechanism of suppression was related to the induction of a broadly reactive regulatory IgG.
Effect of EDTA on Platelet Count and Other Platelet Parameters in Blood and Blood Components Collected with CPDA‐1
Authors: McShine R.L. , Das P.C. , Sibinga C. Th. Smit , Brozović B. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe have shown in this study that addition of dried K2EDTA (1.5 mg/ml) to blood samples anticoagulated with CPDA‐1 increases significantly the platelet count and mean platelet volume (MPV) of whole blood, red cell concentrate (RCC) and platelet concentrate (PC), but not of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) or of platelet‐poor plasma (PPP). Transmission and scanning electron microscopy illustrated that platelet aggregates which are present in some components are dispersed on mixing of the sample with EDTA and that this is accompanied by a change in platelet morphology. Determination of the platelet distribution width (PDW) indicated that the platelet populations in whole blood and RCC seem to be more uniform in size than the populations in PRP, PPP and PC. The determination of MPV and PDW changes after addition of EDTA may provide a new approach to quality control of PC.
Intravenous Drug Abuse Causes Rh Immunization
Authors: Bowman J. , Harman C. , Manning F. , Menticoglou S. , Pollock J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIntravenous drug abuse causes many health problems. From March 1989 to January 1990 of 27 Rh‐negative women (28 pregnancies) referred to our centre, 4 women (5 pregnancies) were Rh immunized due to the sharing of needles and blood with their Rh‐positive partners. Severe hydrops was present in 4 of their 5 fetuses when they were first seen at 17–35 weeks of gestation. Only the fetus first seen at 35 weeks survived. That infant was moribund at birth and now has evidence of leukomalacia and porencephaly. The fifth fetus, not hydropic, required two intravascular fetal transfusions in order to survive. A fifth woman, immunized in a similar manner, had a spontaneous abortion. These fetuses represent some of the earliest and severest examples of hydrops fetalis ever seen at our centre. The severity of their fetal hemolytic disease is probably due to the fact that their mothers' exposure to Rh(D) antigen by blood sharing was continuous and ongoing. Because of their aberrant behaviour, these women have suffered irrreversible reproductive damage.
Miltenberger Class IX of the MNS Blood Group System
Authors: Skov Flemming , Green Carole , Daniels Geoff , Khalid Ghizala , Tippett Patricia 
Published: March 2009

AbstractMi.IX is a new phenotype in the Miltenberger series of the MNS blood group system with a frequency of 0.43% in Denmark. Mi.IX red cells are Mur+ but do not express any of the other established Miltenberger determinants. They react with a new antibody, anti‐DANE, which defines a determinant present on Mi.IX cells but not on cells of other Miltenberger phenotypes. Four Mi.IX propositi have been found. Their families show that MiIX is inherited with a MS complex (lod score 3.69 at θ = 0.00) which produces a trypsin‐resistant M antigen. DANE has been allotted the ISBT number 002032 (MNS32). Serological and immunochemical studies with human and monoclonal antibodies to various determinants on glycophorin A (GPA) suggest that Mi.IX is associated with an aberrant GPA molecule that lacks the trypsin cleavage site at amino‐acid residue 39, retains the chymotrypsin cleavage site at residue 34 and has an apparent Mr of about 1,000 less than normal GPA. It is proposed that this Mi.IX molecule has an amino acid and possibly also a glycosylation change in the region of amino‐acid residues 35–39.
High‐Dose Intravenous IgG for the Treatment of Severe Rhesus Alloimmunization
Authors: Margulies Miguel , Voto Liliana S. , Mathet Elena , Margulies Máximo 
Published: March 2009

Abstract. The value of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in the treatment of 24 severely Rh‐sensitized pregnant women was studied. IVIG was infused at a daily dose of 0.4 g/kg maternal body weight for 4–5 consecutive days, and was administered again 15–21 days later until delivery, depending on the evolution of the hemolytic disease. Our population was divided into 3 groups according to the time of onset of therapy: group 1 (n = 8), before 20 weeks' gestation; group 2 (n = 7), 20–28 weeks, and group 3 (n = 9), after 28 weeks. Initial mean anti‐D level was significantly higher in group 1 (25.9 ± 12.9 IU/ml) than in the other 2 groups, whose mean values were, however, higher than 10 IU/ml. Amniotic‐fluid total bilirubin levels before the onset of therapy were pathologic, and in 55% of the cases they coincided with zone 3 of Liley's chart. Hydrops fetalis at the onset of treatment accounted for the only 3 fetal deaths in groups 1 and 2. None of the fetuses developed hydrops during treatment. Six of the 9 neonates in group 3 were depressed at birth (1‐min Apgar below 7). However, at 5 min only 1 newborn showed an Apgar below 7. Mean birth weight was over 2,500 g in all the cases. Neonatal hematological condition in group 2 (50% of the babies required only phototherapy) was better than in the other 2 groups (transfusional therapy). There was a significant fall in maternal anti‐D titers and intrauterine hemolysis after IVIG treatment. In order to further evaluate the response to IVIG therapy, the 13 cases in our population with a history of fetal/neonatal death in the previous pregnancy were analyzed separately. The results obtained in this particular group of patients demonstrated again the effectiveness of IVIG treatment.Conclusions: There were no adverse effects on the mother or fetus, and there was no need for neonatal intensive care. Results were more favorable if treatment was started before 28 weeks' gestation in nonhydropic fetuses.
Improved Serodiagnosis of Posttransfusion Hepatitis C Virus Infection by a Second‐Generation Immunoassay Based on Multiple Recombinant Antigens
Authors: Wang Jin‐Town , Wang Teh‐Hong , Lin Jaw‐Town , Slieu Jin‐Chuan , Lee Cha‐Ze , Chen Ding‐Shinn 
Published: March 2009

AbstractSerial serum samples from 35 patients with posttransfusion non‐A, non‐B hepatitis in a prospective study were tested for antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV) by a multiple recombinant antigen based immunoassay [anti‐HCV (2nd); Abbott], Of them, 23 were positive for anti‐C100, and 27 were positive for HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction. By anti‐HCV (2nd), 28 patients were positive, and all except 1 of the 28 patients were positive for HCV RNA. A total of 24 patients, who became HCV RNA positive at the acute stage and who were negative for both anti‐C100 and anti‐HCV (2nd) before transfusion, were considered to have posttransfusion hepatitis C. The mean time to seroconversion for anti‐HCV (2nd) was 7.5 or 12.1 weeks after the onset of hepatitis or the date of transfusion, respectively, and was generally 6 weeks earlier than that detected by anti‐C100. However, seroconversion was delayed in 2 hepatitis B surface antigen carriers as compared with anti‐C100. The anti‐C100 assay detected 20 (83%) and the anti‐HCV (2nd) all 24 patients with documented posttransfusion hepatitis C. The second‐generation test is, therefore, better than conventional anti‐C100 for the early diagnosis of HCV infection.