bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for one-year mortality following discharge in patients with acute aortic dissection: development and validation of a predictive model in a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhou Ting , Li Jing-Xiao , Zhang Chao-Yong , Li Yu-Gui , Peng Jun , Wei Chun-Lou , Chen Meng-Hua , Zhou Hua-Fu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study was aimed to identify the risk factors that influence the mortality risk in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD) within one year after discharge, and aimed to construct a predictive model for assessing mortality risk.

Methods
The study involved 320 adult patients obtained from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) database. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify potential risk factors associated with mortality in AAD patients within one year after discharge and to develop a predictive model. The performance of the predictive model was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). To further validate the findings, patient data from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University (157 patients) were analyzed.

Results
Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that gender, length of hospital stay, highest blood urea nitrogen (BUN_max), use of adrenaline, and use of amiodarone were significant risk factors for mortality within one year after discharge (p < 0.05). The constructed model exhibited a consistency index (C-index) and an area under the ROC curve of 0.738. The calibration curve and DCA demonstrated that these indicators had a good degree of agreement and utility. The external validation results of the model also indicated good predictability (AUC = 0.700, p < 0.05).

Conclusion
The personalized scoring prediction model constructed by gender, length of hospital stays, BUN_max levels, as well as the use of adrenaline and amiodarone, can effectively identify AAD patients with high mortality risk within one year after discharge.
Two cases of small bowel necrosis due to intussusception secondary to abnormal proliferation of intestinal Peyer’s patches in infants after MMR vaccination
Authors: Zhu Junzhao , Cheng Weiping , Xu Youbo , Guo Yingqiang , Shi Lexiang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Intussusception is one of the most common acute abdominal conditions in pediatric patients, and if left untreated, it may result in intestinal necrosis and even death. The etiology of the disease is unknown and may be related to a variety of factors, and there are only limited reports of small bowel necrosis secondary to abnormal Peyer’s node hyperplasia after MMR vaccination.

Case presentation
In this report, we present two infants who had an abnormal proliferation of Peyer’s nodes secondary to intussusception eventually leading to small bowel necrosis after MMR vaccination.

Conclusions
Intestinal necrosis and infectious shock are the most common causes of infant mortality, and early detection and management are critical.
Intersecting social determinants of health among patients with childcare needs: a cross-sectional analysis of social vulnerability
Authors: Ganguly Anisha P. , Alvarez Kristin S. , Mathew Sheryl R. , Soni Virali , Vadlamani Suman , Balasubramanian Bijal A. , Bhavan Kavita P. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Access to childcare is an understudied social determinant of health (SDOH). Our health system established a childcare facility for patients to address childcare barriers to healthcare. Recognizing that social risk factors often co-exist, we sought to understand intersecting social risk factors among patients with childcare needs who utilized and did not utilize the childcare facility and identify residual unmet social needs alongside childcare needs.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of patients who enrolled in the childcare facility from November 2020 to October 2022 to compare parameters of the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) associated with the census tract extracted from electronic medical record (EMR) data among utilizers and non-utilizers of the facility. Overall SVI and segmentation into four themes of vulnerability (socioeconomic status, household characteristics, racial/ethnic minority status, and housing type/transportation) were compared across utilizers and utilizers. Number of 90th percentile indicators were also compared to assess extreme levels of vulnerability. A sample of utilizers additionally received a patient-reported social needs screening questionnaire administered at the childcare facility.

Results
Among 400 enrollees in the childcare facility, 70% utilized childcare services and 30% did not. Utilizers and non-utilizers were demographically similar, though utilizers were more likely to speak Spanish (34%) compared to non-utilizers (22%). Mean SVI was similar among utilizers and non-utilizers, but the mean number of 90th percentile indicators were higher for non-utilizers compared to utilizers (4.3 ± 2.7 vs 3.7 ± 2.7, p = 0.03), primarily driven by differences in the housing type/transportation theme (p = 0.01). Non-utilizers had a lower rate of healthcare utilization compared to utilizers (p = 0.02). Among utilizers who received patient-reported screening, 84% had one unmet social need identified, of whom 62% agreed for additional assistance. Among social work referrals, 44% were linked to social workers in their medical clinics, while 56% were supported by social work integrated in the childcare facility.

Conclusions
This analysis of SDOH approximated by SVI showed actionable differences, potentially transportation barriers, among patients with childcare needs who utilized a health system-integrated childcare facility and patients who did not utilize services. Furthermore, residual unmet social needs among patients who utilized the facility demonstrate the multifactorial nature of social risk factors experienced by patients with childcare needs and opportunities to address intersecting social needs within an integrated intervention. Intersecting social needs require holistic examination and multifaceted interventions.
Quadruple pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorder tolerable yet insufficient: a case report
Authors: Terasaki Dale , Ellinwood Aimee , White Dan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Combinations of alcohol use disorder (AUD) medications have been investigated, but few if any reports describe patients maintained on more than two options at the same time.

Case presentation
We report a case of a middle-aged man hospitalized with gastrointestinal bleeding and acute kidney injury who had been maintained on four AUD medications (naltrexone, acamprosate, disulfiram, and gabapentin) and multiple psychiatric medications simultaneously as an outpatient. Direct quotations of his experiences with each AUD medication are included, revealing some deviations from what was prescribed as well as nuanced perceptions of effects. Overall, he tolerated the regimen well, but its AUD effects were insufficient to prevent several episodes of returning to alcohol use. He had very high hospital utilization. This prompted the initiation of an involuntary commitment, which began a period of at least six months of sobriety.

Conclusions
Quadruple pharmacotherapy for AUD may be well tolerated and supportive of recovery for an extended period of time. However, for our patient the regimen ultimately failed to prevent multiple episodes of returning to alcohol use and serious medical complications. In refractory cases like this, more intensive interventions such as involuntary commitment can be considered.
Knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of a sample of Italian paediatricians towards RSV and its preventive strategies: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Congedo Giulia , Lombardi Gaia Surya , Zjalic Doris , Di Russo Mattia , La Gatta Emanuele , Regazzi Luca , Indolfi Giuseppe , Staiano Annamaria , Cadeddu Chiara 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection mainly affects newborns, infants and young children aged < 2 years. Since an RSV vaccine is in the European Medicines Agency’s waitlist validation, nowadays the prevention only includes passive immunization with monoclonal antibodies (mAb). In the present study we aimed at investigating Italian paediatricians’ knowledge, attitudes and behaviours towards RSV and its prevention.

Methods
From February to May 2023, an anonymous online questionnaire, with answers based on the Likert scale, was administered to a sample of Italian paediatricians’ members of the Italian Society of Paediatrics. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed using STATA 17.

Results
The paediatricians who answered the questionnaire were 507, mostly women (70.6%), aged 30–45 (33.1%), employed in hospitals in 66.6% of cases. The 10.8% of respondents reported that RSV is transmitted only among children younger than 2 years of age and 80.33% of participants that school-age children are not at risk of developing severe forms of RSV disease. The 25% of participants thought that active immunization is currently available to prevent RSV infection and 35.7% that does not exist passive immunization to prevent RSV for infants and newborns aged < 2 years. The 97.5% of physicians managed bronchiolitis cases and 65.6% of participants did not prescribe the administration of mAb. Higher age, seniority and RSV knowledge score were found to be associated with having a higher mAb knowledge score (p < 0.001) and having a higher RSV knowledge was associated with a higher mAb knowledge score (p < 0.001). The logistic regression model found that the odds of a positive attitude towards mAB knowledge score increased by over 3 times (OR 3.23, 95% CI [1.41, 7.40], p = 0.006) for being female and the odds of a positive attitude towards mAB knowledge score increased by almost 10 times (OR 9.73, 95% CI [3.06, 30.89], p < 0.001) for a one-unit increase in RSV knowledge score.

Conclusions
Paediatricians’ limited knowledge or awareness could represent a barrier to the implementation of preventive strategies against RSV infection. Strategies to improve paediatricians’ education on RSV prevention are, therefore, crucial.
Clinical outcomes of simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation in elderly type II diabetic recipients
Authors: Cao Yu , Zhao Jie , Feng Gang , Wang Zhen , Wei Jianghao , Xu Yang , Mo Chunbai , Song Wenli 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe effect of age on outcomes after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPK) among type II diabetes (T2DM) recipients remains inconclusive. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the age at time of transplantation and mortality, graft loss and metabolic profiles of T2DM SPK recipients. A retrospective cohort consisting of T2MD SPK recipients in a single transplant center was established. The baseline clinical characteristics and outcomes were collected and analyzed based on the age groups divided by 55-year-old. Time-to-event data analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier method, and competing risk method was adopted to calculate the cumulative incidence of graft loss. A mixed regression model was applied to compare metabolic outcomes including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and higher estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). 103 T2DM SPK recipients were included, of which 35 were > = 55 years old and 68 were < 55 years old. Baseline characteristics were comparable between age groups. The results indicated that comparable 5-year survival outcomes between groups with functioning grafts perioperatively. Additionally, no relationship of age with graft loss, complications and metabolic outcomes was detected.
Preoperative endothelial dysfunction for the prediction of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass: a pilot study based on a second analysis of the MONS study
Authors: Abrard Stanislas , Streichenberger Antoine , Riou Jérémie , Hersant Jeanne , Rineau Emmanuel , Jacquet-Lagrèze Matthias , Fouquet Olivier , Henni Samir , Rimmelé Thomas 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Up to 42% of patients develop acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery. The aim of this study was to describe the relationship between preoperative microcirculatory function and postoperative AKI after cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Methods
The prospective observational cohort MONS enrolled 60 patients scheduled for valvular (n = 30, 50%) or coronary (n = 30, 50%) surgery using CPB. Preoperative microcirculation was assessed during preoperative consultation from January 2019 to April 2019 at the University Hospital of Angers, France, using endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent reactivity tests on the forearm (iontophoresis of acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), respectively). Skin blood flow was measured by laser speckle contrast imaging. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of AKI according to the KDIGO classification during the hospital stay.

Results
Forty-three (71.7%) patients developed AKI during the in-hospital follow-up, and 15 (25%) were classified as KDIGO stage 1, 20 (33%) KDIGO stage 2, and 8 (13%) KDIGO stage 3. Regarding preoperative microcirculation, a higher peak amplitude of vasodilation in response to iontophoresis of ACh was found in patients with postoperative occurrence of AKI (35 [20–49] vs 23 [9–44] LSPU, p = 0.04). Iontophoresis of SNP was not significantly different according to AKI occurrence (34 [22–49] vs 36 [20–50] LSPU, p = 0.95). In a multivariable model, the preoperative peak amplitude at iontophoresis of ACh was independently associated with postoperative AKI (OR 1.045 [1.001–1.092], p = 0.045).

Conclusions
The preoperative peak amplitude of endothelium-dependent vasodilation is independently associated with the postoperative occurrence of AKI.

Trial registration
Clinical-Trials.gov, NCT03631797. Registered 15 August 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03631797
Mechanical behavior assessment of retaining wall structure due to frost heave of frozen ground
Authors: Woo Hyeon-Jae , Go Gyu-Hyun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFrost heave action is a major issue in permafrost regions, leading to various geotechnical engineering problems. In this study, we assess the mechanical behavior of a concrete retaining wall subjected to frost heave under different ground conditions. The assessment utilizes ABAQUS integrated with several user subroutines. The numerical simulation model employs a thermo-mechanical coupled analysis with a porosity rate function, which enables to simulate time-dependent variations in porosity and frost heave of the backfill soil. After verification of the predictive reliability of the simulation model, the frost heave action in the soil and mechanical response of the retaining wall were evaluated regarding the initial groundwater level and presence of a drainage material on the backside of the retaining wall. According to the simulation results, as the initial groundwater level decreased in the backfill soil, the area susceptible to frost heave decreased. However, the von Mises stresses applied to the retaining wall increased. Under the same ground conditions, when the drainage material was installed on the backside of the retaining wall, the frost heave pressure acting on the wall significantly decreased, and less deformation and distortion of the retaining wall occurred.
Association between obesity and new-onset heart failure among patients with hypertension in Thailand
Authors: Sakboonyarat Boonsub , Poovieng Jaturon , Rangsin Ram 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
In Thailand, the epidemiological data on the relationship between obesity and heart failure (HF) among high-risk populations was limited. We assessed the association between body mass index (BMI) and the new-onset HF among people with hypertension (HTN), and also assessed the effect modifier of uncontrolled HTN on this association.

Methods
We analyzed the data obtained from the 2018 Thailand DM/HT study database. Thai people with HTN aged 20 years and older receiving continuous care at outpatient clinics in hospitals nationwide were included. The new-onset HF was defined regarding the ICD-10 as I50 in the medical records within 12 months. Obesity was defined as BMI $$\ge$$
≥
25 kg/m2. Multivariable log-binomial regression analysis was used to determine the association between BMI and new-onset HF and presented as the adjusted risk ratio (aRR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
A total of 35,756 participants were included in the analysis. In all, 50.0% of the participants had BP control for the last two consecutive visits. The mean BMI was 25.1 $$\pm$$
±
4.7 kg/m2. New-onset HF occurred in 75 participants (0.21%; 95% CI 0.17–0.26). After adjusting for potential confounders, an elevated BMI was associated with new-onset HF (p value for quadratic trend < 0.001). In comparison with participants with normal BMI (18.5–22.9 kg/m2), the aRR for new-onset HF was 1.57 (95% CI 0.80–3.07) and 3.97 (95% CI 1.95–8.10) in those with BMI 25.0–29.9, and ≥ 30.0 kg/m2. For participants with obesity, aRR for new-onset HF was 2.05 (95% CI 1.24–3.39) compared to non-obese participants. The study found that among patients with control BP, obesity was associated with a higher risk of new-onset HF with an adjusted RR of 2.33 (95% CI 1.12–4.83). For those with uncontrolled BP, the adjusted RR was 1.83 (95% CI 0.93–3.58), but there was no heterogeneity with p value = 0.642.

Conclusion
An increased BMI had a higher risk for new-onset HF among Thai people with HTN. Obesity was independently associated with new-onset HF among people with HTN, regardless of uncontrolled HTN. Our findings highlight that weight reduction is crucial for mitigating the risk of HF development in HTN patients, regardless of their BP control status.
Eating Out in Contemporary Hanoi: Middle-Class Food Practices, Capitalist Transformations, and the Late-Socialist Good Life
Authors: Hansen Arve 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Vietnam's embrace of the Leninist-capitalist hybrid known as the socialist market economy has led to a number of food transformations. These include increasing food imports, heavy investment by powerful domestic and foreign actors in food production and retailing, and the scaling up of domestic agriculture, as well as a range of problematic dietary changes. In an urban food scene that is tremendously rich in the number and diversity of its food spaces, the prevalence of eating out has increased dramatically. Related to affordability, convenience, time, consumer culture, and the search for the good life, eating out has become embedded in everyday life in late-socialist Hanoi. Ongoing food transformations are seeing many of these food practices move from the streets to air-conditioned restaurants. Based on eating ethnography, this article analyzes the boom in eating out in contemporary Hanoi. Studying the interplay among social practices, urban foodscapes, and political economy, and focusing on the middle-class good life and the structural conditions underpinning it, the article analyzes the visible and invisible geographies of food. The latter includes the increasing dominance of capitalist actors in late-socialist foodscapes as cheap food is enabled by intensified animal slaughter and the deep structural inequalities produced by Vietnam's compressed capitalism.
Materiały do bioty porostów Przemkowskiego Parku Krajobrazowego (południowo-zachodnia Polska)
Authors: Fałtynowicz Wiesław , Fałtynowicz Hanna 
Published: February 2024

A total of 127 species of lichens, mainly epiphytic and terrestrial, were found in the Przemkowski Landscape Park. The biota of epiphytes in forests is extremely poor, which is mainly due to the history of this area; in the past, air pollution here was very high. A positive aspect is the visible process of recolonization in the form of the presence of numerous species of the genera Bryoria, Ramalina and Usnea on young trees (mainly birches). In places, ground lichens are abundant in vast, dry heaths and sandy grasslands. Rock lichens grow mainly on anthropogenic rocks, which are remnants of the military infrastructure of the former military training ground.
UCB-Type Learning Algorithms with Kaplan–Meier Estimator for Lost-Sales Inventory Models with Lead Times
Authors: Lyu Chengyi , Zhang Huanan , Xin Linwei 
Published: February 2024

Efficient Learning Algorithms for the Best Capped Base-Stock Policy in Lost Sales Inventory Systems Periodic review, lost sales inventory systems with lead times are notoriously challenging to optimize. Recently, the capped base-stock policy, which places orders to bring the inventory position up to the order-up-to level subject to the order cap, has demonstrated exceptional performance. In the paper “UCB-Type Learning Algorithms with Kaplan–Meier Estimator for Lost Sales Inventory Models with Lead Times,” Lyu, Zhang, and Xin propose an upper confidence bound–type learning framework. This framework, which incorporates simulations with the Kaplan–Meier estimator, works with censored demand observations. It can be applied to determine the optimal capped base-stock policy with a tight regret with respect to the planning horizon and the optimal base-stock policy with a regret that matches the best existing result. Both theoretical analysis and extensive numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed learning framework.
Neonatal outcomes following one previous caesarean section
Authors: Hardy Deniece , Essex Ryan 
Published: February 2024

Background/Aims Vaginal birth following a previous caesarean section is considered a safe option for subsequent births following personal planning and counselling. The aim of this study was to compare neonatal outcomes for both elective caesarean and vaginal birth after a previous caesarean section to aid decision making for women/pregnant people. Methods This quantitative study used retrospective data from low-risk pregnant people/women at term with one previous caesarean section (n=392). Logistic regression was used to determine the impact of mode of birth on neonatal outcomes. Further descriptive analyses were carried out to explore the results and reasons for admission to neonatal unit. Results Apgar scores were higher in the vaginal birth group compared to the elective repeat caesarean group. There were no differences in neonatal unit admissions by mode of birth. Conclusions There is minimal difference in neonatal outcomes, regardless of intention for either vaginal birth following a previous caesarean section or elective repeat caesarean. To fully investigate the factors that impacted Apgar scores and neonatal unit admissions for these groups, a much larger sample is needed.