bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Care Leavers Into Parenthood: Support Needs and Effective Practice Approaches Through Transitions From Care
Authors: Purtell Jade , Morris Sarah 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThere is significant local and international evidence to show that young people transitioning from care have children by age 21 at far higher rates than the general youth population. Intergenerational child protection involvement is also far higher for this group. Conducting research with care leaver parents is challenging because of parental fears of child protection involvement and removal of their own children. Without participatory and engaging research approaches, the evidence base overall can omit the valuable perspectives of hardly reached groups. This paper presents findings from a novel approach to participatory research with ‘hard to reach’ or ‘hardly reached’ groups and is co‐authored by one of two ‘Lived Experience Consultants’ contributing to the study. Taking an ‘extrospective’ approach to inquiry, the lead author designed a data collection process that sought to increase the opportunity for Lived Experience Consultants to contribute to the project as subject matter experts, rather than research ‘subjects’. Care experienced parents' perspectives as Lived Experience Consultants in this research complemented findings from service providers reported elsewhere and illuminated critical practice‐based issues, creating barriers to pregnancy prevention and parenting support in Australia.
Study of fluoroquinolones resistance in rifampicin‐resistant tuberculosis patients in Beijing: Characteristics, trends, and treatment outcomes
Authors: Nenhan Wang , Lili Tian , Yanfeng Zhao , Shuangshuang Chen , LiYing Tao , Qiao Li , Chuanyou Li , Xiaowei Dai 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundChina is a high‐burden country for multidrug‐resistant tuberculosis/rifampin‐resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR‐TB). Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are key drugs for the treatment of patients with MDR/RR‐TB. However, research on the resistance of FQs in Beijing is limited.MethodsWe collected clinical isolates from all patients with pulmonary TB in Beijing from January 2016 to December 2021, conducted drug‐sensitivity tests and sequencing for levofloxacin (LFX) and moxifloxacin (MFX), and collected the treatment plans and outcomes of the patients.ResultsA total of 8512 clinical isolates were collected from patients with pulmonary TB, and 261 RR‐TB strains were screened. The proportions of drug‐sensitive and drug‐resistant strains significantly differed by age group and treatment history. The rates of LFX and MFX resistance were 27.6% (72/261) and 36.4% (95/261), respectively. The detection rates of MDR‐TB and pre‐extensively drug‐resistant TB (pre‐XDR‐TB) were 73.2% (191/261) and 36.4% (95/261), respectively, and the trends were significant (χ2 trend = 9.995, p = 0.002; χ2 trend = 12.744, p = 0.026). Among the 261 RR‐TB strains, 14.9% (24/261) were sensitive to LFX but resistant to MFX. Among the four patients with LFX‐resistant TB who received LFX treatment failed in three patients(Fisher's exact test, p = 0.009). The common mutation sites were 94 and 90 in gyrA. A novel mutation Ala90Ser was discovered.ConclusionsFQs resistance trends in RR‐TB patients in Beijing are striking. Strains showed incomplete cross‐resistance to LFX and MFX. Testing for FQs resistance and developing a reasonable treatment plan are recommended. Attention should be given to the changing trends in MDR‐TB and pre‐XDR‐TB.
Glucuronidase‐Instructed Glycopeptide Self‐Assembly for Selective Killing of Cancer Cells through Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization
Authors: Xu Zhongxin , He Changdong , Li Xinyu , Huang Lu , Cheng Bo , Dong Suwei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCurrent cancer treatments face significant challenges, including limited tumor specificity and drug resistance. Enzyme‐instructed supramolecular peptide assembly targeting lysosomes offers a promising strategy to address these issues; however, self‐assembling units that withstand lysosomal conditions are still scarce. Herein, we present a versatile glycopeptide incorporating glucuronic acid and glucose that undergoes glucuronidase‐triggered self‐assembly to form nanofibers, leading to lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) in cancer cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that in glucuronidase‐overexpressing HepG2 cells, glycopeptide assembly induces cytoskeletal disruption and apoptosis. The involvement of carbohydrate‐binding receptor in enhancing the cellular entry of glycopeptides and improving proteolytic stability highlights the importance of glycan modification. Notably, combining this glycopeptide with cisplatin or Adriamycin results in synergistic cytotoxicity, including in drug‐resistant cancer cell lines. These findings establish a novel, LMP‐inducing glycopeptide scaffold for developing targeted approaches for cancer treatment.
Cu(I)‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Epoxidation of Aldehydes with α‐Trifluoromethyl Diazosilanes
Authors: Zhang Weilu , Chen Suo , Zhang Yunxiao , Liu Shanshan , Shen Xiao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCatalytic epoxidation of readily available aldehydes with diazo compounds is an atom economical strategy to synthesize epoxides. However, the asymmetric epoxidation reaction of aldehydes and fluorinated diazo compounds is challenging, because of the severe racemic background reaction. Herein, we report the first Cu(I)‐catalyzed enantioselective epoxidation reaction between aldehydes and α‐trifluoromethyl diazosilanes for the synthesis of chiral trifluoromethyl epoxides. This reaction features mild conditions, broad substrate scope, excellent diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity. The observed positive nonlinear effect supports the ligand acceleration and the achievement of high enantioselectivity with a chiral ligand possessing lower enantiopurity. The gram scale reaction and down‐stream transformation based on the removable silyl group demonstrated the synthetic potential of the reaction.
Enhanced Azo Dye Removal through Sequential Ultrasound‐Assisted‐Treatment and Photocatalysis Using CdZnS
Authors: Li Wenchao , Cheng Chi , Zhao Jiaqi , Song Yongxiu , Xue Chuang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe treatment of high‐concentration azo dyes remains challenging due to the inherent limitations of conventional single‐mode approaches. Here, we propose an integrated strategy that sequentially combines ultrasound‐assisted adsorption with photocatalysis using CdZnS solid solutions to efficiently and rapidly remove high‐concentration azo dyes. CdZnS exhibits high adsorption capacity and exceptional photocatalytic activity, enabling initial dye capture and enrichment, followed by significantly enhanced photocatalytic degradation. The adsorption of Congo Red (CR) on CdZnS solid solutions follows the Freundlich and pseudo‐second‐order models, demonstrating a multilayer adsorption behavior involving physical and chemical interactions. Ultrasound assistance during the first stage not only significantly reduces equilibrium time, but also results in enhanced negative charges in CdZnS that extend to the subsequent photocatalysis stage. This charge enhancement substantially improves CR photodegradation performance, establishing synergistic interactions between ultrasonic treatment and photodegradation. The system demonstrates excellent performance in treating both concentrated single dyes and complex dye mixtures, maintaining high efficiency over multiple treatment cycles. This integrated approach provides new insights for developing more effective technologies for dye degradation and practical wastewater treatment applications.
Hydrogenation of Organic Molecules via Direct Mechanocatalysis
Authors: Mayer Maike , Wohlgemuth Maximilian , Salomé Straub Anastasia , Grätz Sven , Borchardt Lars 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMechanochemical hydrogenation of unsaturated C−C and C−O, as well as N−O and C−X bonds is successfully achieved without the use of solvents, ligands, or catalyst powders via ball milling. A variety of catalysts are electroplated onto the walls of the milling vessel, allowing for simple recycling and reuse of the catalytic material. Hydrogen gas is directly introduced into the milling vessel, eliminating the need for hydrogen donor compounds which contribute to waste production and suboptimal atom economy. This approach enables the quantitative hydrogenation of unsaturated carbon‐carbon bonds, achieving near‐complete conversion within just 20 minutes at ambient temperature and pressures as low as 1.5 bar. Carbonyls, nitro groups, and organohalides were converted within reaction times of up to 12 hours. Mechanistic investigations suggest the reaction to be following established mechanisms for hydrogenation. Finally, chemoselective hydrogenation of various reducible functional groups was explored, demonstrating the versatility and efficiency of this solvent‐free mechanochemical approach with simple catalyst recycling for hydrogenation reactions.
Multifunctional Novel Lanthanide Complexes Based on Chromone Moiety for Corrosion Inhibition, Molecular Docking, and Anticancer and Antimicrobial Applications
Authors: Abdelshafi N. S. , Farag Ahmed A. , Ali Amira A. M. , Saleh Akila A. , Zaher Ahmed A. , Fouad R. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTwo novel multifunctional complexes [M(CCAM)2(NO3)](NO3)2·C2H5OH (M = Dy (III)/Er (III); CCAM = 2‐cyano‐N′‐((4‐oxo‐4H‐chromen‐3‐yl)methylene)acetohydrazide) were synthesized and characterized via elemental and thermal analyses, molar conductivity, UV–vis., and FT‐IR spectroscopy, revealing a 1:2 metal‐to‐ligand stoichiometry. The CCAM ligand coordinated with Dy(III) or Er(III) ions through nitrogen of azomethine and oxygen of the carbonyl and γ‐pyran groups. Corrosion inhibition studies for Dy(CCAM), Er(CCAM), and CCAM on carbon steel (C‐steel) in 1‐M HCl showed Dy(CCAM) and Er(CCAM) as highly efficient, with Er(CCAM) offering the best protection. In a 1‐M HCl solution, Fe2+ at the C‐steel surface interacts with the CCAM, Dy(CCAM), and Er(CCAM) compounds, as demonstrated by UV–vis spectroscopy. At a concentration of 10−3 M, the Dy(CCAM) and Er(CCAM) compounds showed greater performance efficiency in the weight loss test in 1‐M HCl solution, reaching 93.34% and 95.67%, respectively. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm pronounced the mixed adsorption mechanisms. The surface characteristics SEM, EDX, AFM, and contact angle measurements confirmed surface shielding. In vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity of the prepared compounds against organisms, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis as bacteria, and Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus as fungi is carried out. Er(CCAM) inhibitor exhibits the greatest action against different tested antimicrobials. Additionally, the in vitro cytotoxicity of the produced complexes as growth inhibitory effects against Erlish Acities Carcinoma was ascertained. Er(CCAM) and Dy(CCAM) were found to have cytotoxic levels with (IC50 of 64 and 65 μM), respectively. As a result, Er(CCAM) inhibitor is a more effective therapeutic approach for the creation of novel antimicrobial and antitumor agents. For Er(CCAM) superior corrosion protection, the theoretical studies of molecular docking and DFT and MD simulations validated the experimental results.
Drivers of the Distributions of Stream‐Dwelling Crayfishes in the New River Catchment, United States
Authors: Mouser Joshua B. , Loughman Zachary J. , Brown Bryan L. , Creed Robert P. , Frimpong Emmanuel A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCrayfish are keystone species and ecosystem engineers in aquatic ecosystems, and many species require conservation to support their continued persistence. Unfortunately, managers often lack basic data needed to make effective conservation decisions. This lack of data is especially true within the New River catchment, United States, where there are 12 known crayfish species, but it is unclear which of those species are native to the catchment, and there is scant ecological and life history data available for many species. Therefore, our objective was to investigate coarse‐scale occurrence drivers of crayfishes in the New River catchment. We used generalized linear mixed effects models to predict occurrence of eight taxa based on instream and landscape‐scale environmental data and biotic interactions. We found that increasing anthropogenic disturbance led to declines in Faxonius spp. (either Faxonius obscurus or Faxonius sanbornii but could not be identified to species) and Cambarus smilax. In contrast, disturbance had a positive relationship only with Faxonius cristavarius. The presence of F. cristavarius was negatively associated with most species. Embeddedness, substrate, per cent riffle, stream size and lithology were additional variables that were related to crayfish occurrence. Our results reveal that increasing human‐mediated changes and invasive crayfish species threaten the persistence of native crayfishes in the New River catchment.
Reducing Cetacean Interactions With Bottom Set‐Nets and Purse Seining Using Acoustic Deterrent Devices in Southern Iberia
Authors: Marçalo Ana , Carvalho Flávia , Frade Magda , Bentes Luís , Monteiro Pedro , Pontes João , Alexandre Sofia , Oliveira Frederico , Kingston Allen , Erzini Karim , Gonçalves Jorge M. S. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn southern Iberia (NE Atlantic), cetacean bycatch is reported in several fisheries, whereas depredation by bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) is commonly observed in bottom set‐net fisheries. This study tested the effectiveness of acoustic deterrent devices in discouraging small cetaceans from approaching bottom set‐nets and purse seine to reduce interactions. The acoustic deterrent devices used in the study were dolphin deterrent devices and dolphin interactive devices for the bottom set‐net fishery to reduce dolphin bycatch and depredation and dolphin deterrent devices in the purse seine fishery to reduce common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) bycatch. Data collection was carried out by at‐sea observers and trained fishing vessel crew observers. Hauls with and without acoustic deterrent devices were compared and analysed to investigate differences in catch per unit effort, factors affecting the interaction, probability of interaction and habituation (in bottom set‐nets only). In bottom set‐nets, the depredation rate was significantly lower and reduced by about 50% in hauls using acoustic deterrent devices. Habituation of the bottlenose dolphins to the devices was observed but was gradual. In the purse seine fishery, common dolphin bycatch was reduced by 100% when using the acoustic deterrent devices. Overall, the results are promising, but the different interaction reduction efficiencies observed between gear types indicate that the potential application of acoustic deterrent devices should be considered on a métier‐by‐métier basis. Other mitigation measures should be developed, especially for static gears, in collaboration with the fishing sector in an inclusive management approach to reduce direct interactions between fisheries and cetaceans.
Dipicolylaminofluorene Derivatives for Fluorescent Sensing of Copper(II) Ion and Glyphosate
Authors: Silpcharu Komthep , Nguyen Nhu Pham Quynh , Sukwattanasinitt Mongkol , Rashatasakhon Paitoon 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe contamination of water by toxic herbicides poses a significant environmental challenge, necessitating the development of reliable detection tools. In this study, novel dipicolylamino derivatives of fluorene and fluorenone were synthesized via Sonogashira cross‐coupling reactions with high yields. These compounds demonstrated exceptional selectivity for fluorescence turn‐off by Cu(II) ions, with detection limits of 0.99 μM and 1.11 μM in a DMSO‐HEPES buffer system. Investigations using Job's plot, fluorescence recovery with EDTA, and mass spectrometry revealed that the sensing mechanism involves complexation between the compounds and Cu(II) ions. Notably, the Cu(II)‐fluorene complex exhibited a selective fluorescence turn‐on response to glyphosate, achieving a detection limit of 0.93 μM. Quantitative analysis in real water samples demonstrated good recovery rates, underscoring the practical utility of these fluorene and fluorenone derivatives in environmental monitoring.
Detection of Eclipses in the Cataclysmic Variable LAMOST J035913.61 + 405035.0
Authors: Kozhevnikov V. P. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTI conducted photometric observations of the cataclysmic variable LAMOST J035913.61 + 405035.0 and detected eclipses. During these observations, I recorded 14 eclipses over two groups of nights separated by 13 months. I accurately determined the orbital period of the system to be days. For the eclipses, I derived an ephemeris which is valid for a long time and suitable for studying changes in the orbital period. The out‐of‐eclipse magnitude of the star varied between 15.32 ± 0.02 and 17.25 ± 0.08 mag. As the brightness decreased, the eclipses became deeper and narrower. The average depth of eclipses was 1.35 ± 0.10 mag, and the average width at half‐depth was 16.9 ± 0.7 min. I estimated the range of possible orbital inclinations to be between 72.8° and 76.0°, and the range of average absolute V‐band magnitudes of the disc to be between 5.16 ± 0.15 and 5.44 ± 0.15 mag. Although based on the light curve from the ZTF survey, LAMOST J035913.61 + 405035.0 showed only small outbursts with amplitudes below 1.5 mag, it should be classified as a dwarf nova because the average disc brightness and mass transfer rate were below the limit of thermal instability.
Deciphering the Interplay of the PD‐L1/MALT1/miR‐200a Axis During Lung Cancer Development
Authors: El‐Daly Sherien M. , Abdelrahman Sahar S. , El‐Bana Mona A. , Abdel‐Latif Yasmin , Medhat Dalia , Morsy Safaa M. , Wafay Hanaa A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer‐related mortality worldwide. Our study investigates the involvement of the PD‐L1/MALAT1/miR‐200a‐3p axis in lung tumor progression using a murine model of lung carcinogenesis. Lung tumors were induced in rats, which were divided into groups and sacrificed at different stages of tumor development. A histopathological examination was performed to assess tumor progression. Immunohistochemistry was applied to evaluate the expression of Ki‐67 and programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1). The level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and expression analysis of metastasis‐associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), miR‐200a‐3p, and zinc finger E‐box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) were evaluated for each stage of induction. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated a progressive upregulation of the proliferative marker Ki‐67 and the immune checkpoint protein PD‐L1 during the induction process, indicative of enhanced tumor proliferation and immune evasion. Additionally, CEA levels revealed a progressive increase across induction stages, with a significant increase in advanced tumor stages, highlighting its clinical relevance as a biomarker for lung cancer progression. Expression analysis revealed dynamic upregulation of MALAT1 and downregulation of miR‐200a during lung tumor induction, which correlated with advanced tumor stages and elevated PD‐L1 expression, suggesting that the negative correlation between MALAT1 and miR‐200a is involved in the development of lung tumors. ZEB1 expression exhibited a notable increase in the advanced stages of induction, consistent with its association with aggressive lung cancer. Our findings underscore the interplay between molecular pathways involved in lung tumor development and the potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications of the PD‐L1/MALAT1/miR‐200a‐3p axis.
High Areal Capacity Anode Enabled by Enhanced Charge Transport on Self‐Supported Spindle‐like Carbon Nanofiber Architecture of CTAB‐treated Geothermal Silica Waste
Authors: Hamid Faiq Haidar , Irmawati Yuyun , Estri Aisyah Nur , Haidar Aldan Hadziq , Sumboja Afriyanti 
Published: February 2025

High areal‐capacity anodes are crucial for compact and energy‐dense lithium‐ion batteries. Nevertheless, thick slurry cast on current collectors often leads to sluggish charge transport and poor cycle stability. This study addresses these issues by developing self‐supported spindle‐like silica‐carbon nanofiber architectures via electrospinning. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant is employed to modify the surface potential of geothermal silica waste nanoparticles, enhancing their dispersibility in electrospinning solution and producing fully encapsulated silica nanoparticles within spindle‐like carbon nanofibers (SiO2‐CTAB@CNF). Unlike thick slurry‐based designs, spindle‐like structures can serve as spacers, creating efficient pathways for electrolyte infiltration across the anode thickness. Consequently, SiO2‐CTAB@CNF balances optimal porosity (34%) toward high active material loading (9.5 mg cm−2), establishing low tortuosity (τ: 2) and high coefficient of diffusivity. The half‐cell SiO2‐CTAB@CNF battery delivers a notable areal discharge capacity of 4 mAh cm⁻2, meeting commercial high‐areal capacity targets. The full‐cell SiO2‐CTAB@CNF||LFP achieves high discharge capacity of 3.6 mAh cm‒2 at 0.1 mA cm‒2. Even under higher areal current value (0.3 mA cm−2), the full‐cell battery can deliver capacity of 2.58 mAh cm−2 and remain stable after 100 cycles. This work highlights the use of advanced nanostructures and geothermal silica waste to produce sustainable and high‐areal capacity lithium‐ion batteries.
Rapid bioreactor process optimization and scale‐up for production of a measles vector COVID‐19 vaccine candidate
Authors: Hesley David C. , Spatafore Daniel , Shingler Jillian , McNeely Joshua P. , Thompson Rachel , Troutman Matthew C. , Baron Elise K. B. , Sabia Megan , Lee Christopher H. , Ploeger Kristin , Wagner James M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe emergence of SARS‐CoV‐2 in late 2019 and subsequent worldwide spread and pandemic in 2020 spurred the rapid and agile development of a variety of vaccine candidates. With speed to patients in mind during development of measles‐vectored vaccine candidate V591, process optimization efforts were made to expand options for raw material sourcing/treatment, enable flexible use of various types of processing equipment, and streamline the overall production process. To that end, both gamma irradiated and heat sterilized microcarriers were tested to expand the supply network for critical process development experiments and manufacturing at a time when worldwide supply chains were strained or disrupted. Single use bioreactors were also evaluated and implemented to reduce experimental turnaround time. Furthermore, to simplify the process and gain additional efficiencies in large scale media preparation, growth and infection media formulations were harmonized with a parallel vaccine development program. These rapid process option evaluations were conducted parallel to critical path scale up, and the combined efforts enabled the rapid demonstration of two full manufacturing scale 2000 L bioreactors less than 6 months after virus seed delivery, culminating in the first large scale measles production process capable of addressing the high dose demands of a pandemic response scenario. Despite subsequent clinical discontinuation of the V591 vaccine candidate, the findings described herein will be useful for enabling rapid and scalable production of other measles‐vectored vaccine candidates, oncolytic measles strains, or cell and gene therapies.