bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Impella 5.0 and 5.5 for cardiogenic shock: A single‐center 137 patient experience
Authors: Hong Yeahwa , Agrawal Nishant , Hess Nicholas R. , Ziegler Luke A. , Sicke McKenzie M. , Hickey Gavin W. , Ramanan Raj , Fowler Jeffrey A. , Chu Danny , Yoon Pyongsoo D. , Bonatti Johannes O. , Kaczorowski David J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study evaluated the outcomes of patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) supported with Impella 5.0 or 5.5 and identified risk factors for in‐hospital mortality.MethodsAdults with CS who were supported with Impella 5.0 or 5.5 at a single institution were included. Patients were stratified into three groups according to their CS etiology: (1) acute myocardial infarction (AMI), (2) acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), and (3) postcardiotomy (PC). The primary outcome was survival, and secondary outcomes included adverse events during Impella support and length of stay. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for in‐hospital mortality.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐seven patients with CS secondary to AMI (n = 47), ADHF (n = 86), and PC (n = 4) were included. The ADHF group had the highest survival rates at all time points. Acute kidney injury (AKI) was the most common complication during Impella support in all 3 groups. Increased rates of AKI and de novo renal replacement therapy were observed in the PC group, and the AMI group experienced a higher incidence of bleeding requiring transfusion. Multivariable analysis demonstrated diabetes mellitus, elevated pre‐insertion serum lactate, and elevated pre‐insertion serum creatinine were independent predictors of in‐hospital mortality, but the etiology of CS did not impact mortality.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that Impella 5.0 and 5.5 provide effective mechanical support for patients with CS with favorable outcomes, with nearly two‐thirds of patients alive at 180 days. Diabetes, elevated pre‐insertion serum lactate, and elevated pre‐insertion serum creatinine are strong risk factors for in‐hospital mortality.
The impact of reduced muscular fitness on cardiometabolic risk factors in children aged 9–11 years
Authors: Rodríguez‐Gutiérrez Eva , Torres‐Costoso Ana , Lucas‐de la Cruz Lidia , Mesas Arthur E. , Martínez‐Vizcaíno Vicente , Díez‐Fernández Ana 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimTo analyse the relationships between muscular fitness (MF), fat mass (FM), fat‐free mass (FFM) and its combined ratio with cardiometabolic risk (CMR) and whether the relationship between MF and CMR is mediated by body composition in schoolchildren.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted on schoolchildren from Cuenca, Spain, between September and November 2017. FM and FFM were estimated using bioimpedance analysis. The CMR index was calculated from triglycerides‐HDL‐c ratio, arterial pressure and fasting insulin. The MF index was assessed using handgrip and standing long jump tests. Analysis of covariance models assessed CMR index differences across the MF index and the FM/FFM ratio categories. Mediation analysis examined whether the MF index and the CMR index association were mediated by FM, FFM or FM/FFM ratio.ResultsThe analyses involved 485 schoolchildren aged 9–11 years (55.4% girls). Children with a higher MF index had a lower CMR index (p < 0.05). This association did not persist after controlling for FM/FFM. FM, FFM and FM/FFM ratio mediated the relationship between the MF index and the CMR index.ConclusionBetter levels of MF are associated with better cardiometabolic profile, but a healthy body composition is determinant to improve future health.
Letter: Severe underweight and sarcopenia in decompensated cirrhosis are associated with high FGF21 levels
Authors: Geladari Eleni , Alexopoulos Theodoros , Vasilieva Larisa , Tenta Roxane , Kontogianni Meropi , Alexopoulou Alexandra 
Published: February 2024

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Alkhouri et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17709 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17907
Editorial: Updated epidemiology of steatotic liver disease in people withHIVin the United States—Authors' reply
Authors: Gawrieh Samer , Sulkowski Mark , Chalasani Naga , Loomba Rohit 
Published: February 2024

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Gawrieh et al papers. To view these articles, visithttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17849andhttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17871
Radicalizing safety: A critical narrative analysis to abolish the police
Authors: Drustrup David , Hamad Raneem , Kim Jae Young , Ali Saba Rasheed 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe dominant narrative in much of the world is that public safety is provided by policing, evidenced by supportive rhetoric from institutional forces including politicians, media, and large budget allocations in all levels of government. Alongside a long history of police violence, especially against Black, Brown, poor, and other marginalized people, many social movements reject the idea that policing provides safety and seek other methods for community wellness. The present study utilizes critical narrative analysis (CNA) to describe how marginalized residents of a small city in Iowa construct their understanding of personal and community safety. Their stories and the dialectic exchange during interviews illustrated several counternarratives and moments of conscientization for participants and researchers where safety was deconstructed and understood outside the power of recycled institutional narratives. Participants rejected popular notions of safety such as police, and instead embraced safety through robust relationships, community resources, and forms of self‐knowledge such as mental health. We analyzed their interviews as efforts to be humanly recognized within violent white supremacist structures, and their stories help to radicalize popular messages about safety. We highlight their world‐making abilities as they craft their own networks of community and safety outside of the state and police.
Self‐management support with the Respiratory Adherence Care Enhancer instrument in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: An implementation trial
Authors: Visser Claire D. , Antonisse Lisanne L. M. , Alleda Floor M. , Bos Colin , Saini Privender , Kuipers Esther , Guchelaar Henk‐Jan , Teichert Martina 
Published: February 2024

AimSuboptimal self‐management with controller inhalation therapy in asthma and COPD is frequently observed with poor treatment outcomes. The developed ‘Respiratory Adherence Care Enhancer’ (RACE) instrument identifies and addresses individual barriers to self‐management with a theoretical underpinning. This study investigates the feasibility of pharmaceutical support with this instrument.MethodsAn implementation trial was conducted with asthma and COPD patients in 5 community pharmacies in the Netherlands. Patients were allocated to standard care or add‐on support with the RACE instrument. Patients were invited to complete the RACE questionnaire at baseline, 5‐week and 10‐week follow‐up. Barrier profiles were accessible for the intervention group with subsequent consultations at baseline and 5‐weeks. Experiences were collected from patients and consultants with a questionnaire and reported findings. Primary endpoints focused on the acceptability, practicality and implementation process. Secondary endpoints included between‐group differences in barrier and disease control outcomes from baseline at 10‐weeks follow‐up.ResultsIn total, 84 patients were included; 48 were assigned to intervention and 36 to standard care. Patient satisfaction of support with the RACE instrument was high (71%). Patients felt motivated, reassured and more confident about their disease management. Consultants reported an increase in awareness of patient barriers. Patient recognition of barrier profiles was 83.9% (±12.9%). The barrier inhaler techniques decreased significantly for the intervention group at follow‐up with odds ratio 0.30 (95% confidence interval, 0.10–0.91). No significant differences were observed for changes in number of barriers and disease control.ConclusionSelf‐management support with the RACE instrument is feasible and appreciated, facilitating behaviour change with patient‐centred pharmaceutical care in asthma and COPD.
Teacher support, academic engagement and learning anxiety in online foreign language learning
Authors: Li Xiaomeng , Zhang Falian , Duan Peng , Yu Zhonggen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPrevious studies have substantiated the pivotal role of emotions and teachers in student learning, but the underlying mechanism of teachers and emotions on academic engagement remains underexplored. The present study examined the mediating role of teacher support in the relationship between foreign language learning anxiety (FLLA) and academic engagement in online classrooms. Participants were 415 Chinese university students who completed an online questionnaire. The findings of structural equation modelling indicated that teacher support had a partial mediation effect between FLLA and academic engagement. FLLA exhibited a significant negative impact on academic engagement, both directly and indirectly via perceived teacher support. Through both direct and indirect effects, FLLA could explain 44.8% of the variation in academic engagement and the mediation effect accounted for 47.3% of the total effect. The practical implication is that foreign language teachers should extend more support for learners during online learning, and provide learners with feedback adapted to their emotions.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

Emotions have a significant impact on learners' engagement, and positive academic emotions facilitate students' engagement in the class.
Students will be more engaged in learning when they perceive support from their teachers.
Teacher support was an influential external predictor of students' mood swings.
What this paper adds

The structural equation modelling shows that teacher support served as a partial mediator between foreign language learning anxiety and academic engagement.
Students' social engagement and perceived emotional support were found to have a greater impact on online foreign language learning.
This paper further corroborates the relationship among the presences in the CoI framework.
Implications for practice and/or policy

Mitigating foreign language learning anxiety and improving teacher support are necessary for effective foreign language learning in future online classes.
Teachers need to ensure continued intellectual support and provide more emotional support for learners.
Teachers are recommended to deliver feedback that aligns with students' emotional state.
Methyltransferase METTL3‐mediated maturation of miR‐4654 facilitates high glucose‐induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in lens epithelial cells via decreasing SOD2
Authors: Guo Ming , Su Fanfan , Chen Yao , Su Bo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification has been reported to have roles in modulating the development of diabetic cataract (DC). Methyltransferase‐like 3 (METTL3) is a critical m6A methyltransferase involving in m6A modification activation. Here, we aimed to explore the action and mechanism of METTL3‐mediated maturation of miR‐4654 in DC progression. Human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) were exposed to high glucose (HG) to imitate DC condition in vitro. Levels of genes and proteins were tested via qRT‐PCR and western blotting assays. The proliferation and apoptosis of HLECs were evaluated by cell counting kit‐8, 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (EdU), and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Oxidative stress was analyzed by detecting the contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA). The binding of miR‐4654 and SOD2 was confirmed by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. The m6A‐RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) assay detected the m6A modification profile. Thereafter, we found that miR‐4654 expression was elevated in DC samples and HG‐induced HLECs. MiR‐4654 knockdown reversed HG‐mediated apoptosis and oxidative stress in HLECs. Mechanistically, miR‐4654 directly targeted SOD2, silencing of SOD2 abolished the protective effects of miR‐4654 knockdown on HLECs under HG condition. In addition, METTL3 induced miR‐4654 maturation through promoting pri‐miR‐4654 m6A modification, thereby increasing miR‐4654 content in HLECs. METTL3 was highly expressed in DC samples and HG‐induced HLECs, METTL3 deficiency protected HLECs against HG‐mediated apoptotic and oxidative injury via down‐regulating miR‐4654. In all, METTL3 induced miR‐4654 maturation in a m6A‐dependent manner, which was then reduced SOD2 expression, thus promoting apoptosis and oxidative stress in HLECs, suggesting a novel path for DC therapy.
Letter–speech sound integration in typical reading development during the first years of formal education
Authors: Beck Joanna , Chyl Katarzyna , Dębska Agnieszka , Łuniewska Magdalena , van Atteveldt Nienke , Jednoróg Katarzyna 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the neural basis of letter and speech sound (LS) integration in 53 typical readers (35 girls, all White) during the first 2 years of reading education (ages 7–9). Changes in both sensory (multisensory vs unisensory) and linguistic (congruent vs incongruent) aspects of LS integration were examined. The left superior temporal cortex and bilateral inferior frontal cortex showed increasing activation for multisensory over unisensory LS over time, driven by reduced activation to speech sounds. No changes were noted in the congruency effect. However, at age nine, heightened activation to incongruent over congruent LS pairs were observed, correlating with individual differences in reading development. This suggests that the incongruency effect evolves at varying rates depending on reading skills.
Clinical and genetic characteristics in a Chinese cohort of complex spastic paraplegia type 4
Authors: Yao Li , Cao Yuwen , Zhang Chao , Huang Xiaojun , Tian Wotu , Cao Li 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSpastic paraplegia type 4 (SPG4), caused by SPAST mutations, is the most predominant subtype of hereditary spastic paraplegia. Most documented SPG4 patients present as pure form, with the complex form rarely reported. We described the clinical and genetic features of 20 patients with complex phenotypes of SPG4 and further explored the genotype–phenotype correlations. We collected detailed clinical data of all SPG4 patients and assessed their phenotypes. SPAST gene mutations were identified by Multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification in combination with whole exome sequencing. We further performed statistical analysis in genotype and phenotype among patients with various manifestations and different variants. Out of 90 SPG4 patients, 20 patients (male:female = 16:4) with additional neurologic deficits, namely complex form, were included in our study. The bimodal distribution of age of onset at 0–10 and 21–40 years old is concluded. On cranial MRI, obvious white matter lesions can be observed in five patients. We identified 9 novel and 8 reported SPAST mutations, of which 11 mutations were located in AAA (ATPase associated with various cellular activities) domain. The AAA cassette of spastin is the hottest mutated region among complex SPG4. All patients with cognitive impairment (CI) are males (n = 9/9). Additionally, 80% patients with ataxia are due to frameshift mutations (n = 4/5). Overall, our study summarized and analyzed the genetic and phenotypic characteristics of complex SPG4, making up over 1/5 of in‐house SPG4 cohort, among which CI and ataxia are the most common features. Further studies are expected to explore the underlying mechanisms.
Global Guidelines in Dermatology Mapping Project (GUIDEMAP)—A systematic review of the methodological quality of contact dermatitis clinical practice guidelines
Authors: van Zuuren Esther J. , Arents Bernd W. M. , Vermeulen Sofieke , Schoones Jan W. , Fedorowicz Zbys 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Global Guidelines in Dermatology Mapping Project (GUIDEMAP) assesses the methodological quality of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for high‐burden skin diseases. This review focuses on contact dermatitis. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Emcare, Epistemonikos, PsycINFO and Academic Search Premier for CPGs published between 1 November 2018 and 1 November 2023. Prespecified guideline resources were hand searched. Two authors independently undertook screening, data extraction and quality assessments. Instruments used were the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II Reporting Checklist, the U.S. Institute of Medicine's (IOM) criteria of trustworthiness, The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's National Guideline Clearinghouse Extent Adherence to Trustworthy Standards (NEATS) Instrument and Lenzer's Red Flags. Twenty five CPGs were included, exhibiting heterogeneity in both the topics they addressed and their methodological quality. Whereas the CPGs on management of hand eczema from Denmark, Europe and the Netherlands scored best, most CPGs fell short of being clear, unbiased, trustworthy and evidence‐based. Disclosure of conflicts of interest scored well, and areas needing improvement include ‘strength and wording of recommendations’, ‘applicability’, ‘updating’ and ‘external review’. Adhering to AGREE II and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) enhances methodological quality.
Movements and habitat selection of a marsupial carnivore in a modified landscape
Authors: Jones Evie M. , Koch Amelia J. , Pay James M. , Mann Dydee F. , Jones Menna E. , Hamede Rodrigo K. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLandscape modification is a major threat to carnivores worldwide, but modified landscapes can also provide important habitat for these species, as protected areas alone are insufficient. Understanding how carnivores use modified landscapes, such as production forests, can inform management strategies to improve the value of these landscapes to carnivores. Little is known about habitat selection by marsupial carnivores in production forests, where they occupy a similar ecological niche to their more well‐studied eutherian counterparts. We used GPS tracking, Hidden Markov Models, and Manly's selection ratios to identify the habitat selected in three behavioral states by the largest marsupial carnivore, the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii), in a timber plantation‐dominated landscape. Behavioral states were approximated as: state 1, resting or feeding at a carcass; state 2, foraging; and state 3, travel. Devils did not show preferences for any of native forest, native grassland, and plantation in any behavioral state. Within plantations, devils preferred a plantation age of 4–7 years (selection ratio [wi] = 1.52). Devils preferred roads (state 1: wi = 2.71, state 2: wi = 2.48, state 3: wi = 2.97) and plantation edges (state 1: wi = 2.38, state 2: wi = 2.24, state 3: wi = 2.78) in all behavioral states, and moved faster on roads and edges than away from them. Together, our results indicate devils use road and edges for foraging (scavenging and hunting) and travel. No measured habitat variables influenced devil home range size. To support devils in plantation landscapes, we recommend maintaining a heterogeneous landscape of different plantation ages and native remnants and reducing the risk of vehicle collisions by minimizing forestry traffic at night. Tasmanian devils share similar adaptable traits to generalist eutherian carnivore species in their use of modified landscapes. Plantations can provide valuable habitat for this and other threatened predator species.
Do pre‐transplant cultural factors predict health‐related quality of life after kidney transplantation?
Authors: Loor Jamie M. , Ford C. Graham , Leyva Yuridia , Swift Samuel , Ng Yue Harn , Zhu Yiliang , Dew Mary Amanda , Peipert J. Devin , Unruh Mark L. , Croswell Emilee , Kendall Kellee , Puttarajappa Chethan , Shapiro Ron , Myaskovsky Larissa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundPost‐transplant health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) is associated with health outcomes for kidney transplant (KT) recipients. However, pretransplant predictors of improvements in post‐transplant HRQOL remain incompletely understood. Namely, important pretransplant cultural factors, such as experience of discrimination, perceived racism in healthcare, or mistrust of the healthcare system, have not been examined as potential HRQOL predictors. Also, few have examined predictors of decline in HRQOL post‐transplant.MethodsUsing data from a prospective cohort study, we examined HRQOL change pre‐ to post‐transplant, and novel cultural predictors of the change. We measured physical, mental, and kidney‐specific HRQOL as outcomes, and used cultural factors as predictors, controlling for demographic, clinical, psychosocial, and transplant knowledge covariates.ResultsAmong 166 KT recipients (57% male; mean age 50.6 years; 61.4% > high school graduates; 80% non‐Hispanic White), we found mental and physical, but not kidney‐specific, HRQOL significantly improved post‐transplant. No culturally related factors outside of medical mistrust significantly predicted change in any HRQOL outcome. Instead, demographic, knowledge, and clinical factors significantly predicteddeclinein each HRQOL domain: physical HRQOL—older age, more post‐KT complications, higher pre‐KT physical HRQOL; mental HRQOL—having less information pre‐KT, greater pre‐KT mental HRQOL; and, kidney‐specific HRQOL—poorer kidney functioning post‐KT, lower expectations for physical condition to improve, and higher pre‐KT kidney‐specific HRQOL.ConclusionsInstead of cultural factors, predictors of HRQOL decline included demographic, knowledge, and clinical factors. These findings are useful for identifying patient groups that may be at greater risk of poorer post‐transplant outcomes, in order to target individualized support to patients.
Is attention necessary for the representational advantage of good exemplars over bad exemplars?
Authors: Shao Zhenan , Beck Diane M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractReal‐world (rw‐) statistical regularities, or expectations about the visual world learned over a lifetime, have been found to be associated with scene perception efficiency. For example, good (i.e., highly representative) exemplars of basic scene categories, one example of an rw‐statistical regularity, are detected more readily than bad exemplars of the category. Similarly, good exemplars achieve higher multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) classification accuracy than bad exemplars in scene‐responsive regions of interest, particularly in the parahippocampal place area (PPA). However, it is unclear whether the good exemplar advantages observed depend on or are even confounded by selective attention. Here, we ask whether the observed neural advantage of the good scene exemplars requires full attention. We used a dual‐task paradigm to manipulate attention and exemplar representativeness while recording neural responses with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Both univariate analysis and MVPA were adopted to examine the effect of representativeness. In the attend‐to‐scenes condition, our results replicated an earlier study showing that good exemplars evoke less activity but a clearer category representation than bad exemplars. Importantly, similar advantages of the good exemplars were also observed when participants were distracted by a serial visual search task demanding a high attention load. In addition, cross‐decoding between attended and distracted representations revealed that attention resulted in a quantitative (increased activation) rather than qualitative (altered activity patterns) improvement of the category representation, particularly for good exemplars. We, therefore, conclude that the effect of category representativeness on neural representations does not require full attention.