bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of risk factors and prophylactic treatment on primary glaucoma in the dog
Authors: Slater Margaret R. , Erb Hollis N. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Seventy dogs from 26 breeds were admitted with primary glaucoma between January 1979 and December 1983. Compared with mixed-breed dogs, 8 breeds were at higher risk (P<0.01) of developing glaucoma: Basset Hound, Beagle, Boston Terrier, Cocker Spaniel, Dalmatian, Miniature Poodle, Norwegian Elkhound, and Siberian Husky. Dogs between the ages of 5 and 10 years were at increased risk (P<0.001). There was no predisposition for either eye to be affected first (P>0.55). Females were at twice the risk of males (P<0.01). Fourteen dogs had bilateral glaucoma. Among 46 dogs for which the number of months that the second eye remained normal was available, 24 were treated prophylactically and 22 were not treated or had treatment stopped. Prophylactic treatment significantly extended the interval between diagnosis in the first eye and development of glaucoma in the second eye for dogs in predisposed breeds (P<0.01). Prophylactic treatment did not make a difference when all breeds were considered (P>0.19), nor did gender affect this interval (P>0.37).
Clinical and pathologic features of thyroid tumors in 26 dogs
Authors: Harari Joseph , Patterson Jon S. , Rosenthal Robert C. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Thyroid tumors were diagnosed in 26 dogs between 1977 and 1984. A total of 23 of the 26 tumors were carcinomas, and 3, detected as incidental findings at necropsy, were adenomas. The median patient age was 9.5 years. Dogs of the Beagle breed were affected most commonly (5 dogs). The most common physical abnormalities in carcinoma patients were cervical swelling, dyspnea, and coughing. A total of 25 of 26 dogs were clinically euthyroid. Aspiration cytology provided diagnostic information in 8 of 17 cases. In dogs with thyroid carcinoma, a cervical soft tissue lesion was identified consistently by use of radiography and scintigraphy with sodium pertechnetate. Pulmonary metastases were detected radiographically in 8 of 21 dogs with thyroid carcinoma. Thoracic nuclear imaging confirmed the radiographic findings in 11 of 14 dogs. Surgical excision of the thyroid mass was the primary treatment for 17 dogs with carcinoma. Eight dogs died within 2 years (median, 7 months) of surgery because of primary tumor regrowth or metastases. Four dogs were alive at a range of 3 to 48 months after surgery, and 4 dogs died from unrelated causes. Necropsy of 7 dogs with thyroid carcinoma revealed neoplastic infiltration of the cervical blood vessels and pulmonary metastases in each dog. The most common histologic patterns of thyroid carcinoma were solid or compact cellular (11 dogs) and mixed solid-follicular tumors (8 dogs). Dogs with a solid carcinoma had a median survival time of 10.5 months (6 dogs), and dogs with a mixed solid-follicular tumor had a median survival time of 8 months (3 dogs).
Tiamulin in drinking water for treatment and development of immunity to swine dysentery
Authors: Olson LeRoy D. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
The diarrhea of swine dysentery receded in swine treated with 60 or 45 mg of tiamulin/L of drinking water (60 or 45 ppm). However, within 2 to 10 days (average 4.1 days) after drug withdrawal, diarrhea recurred. Tiamulin (22.5 mg/L in drinking water) did not markedly reduce the diarrhea during medication, and tylosin (66 mg/L in the drinking water) was not effective. In swine treated with 120 mg of dimetridazole/L of drinking water, there was no recurrence of diarrhea. After the recurrence of diarrhea in swine, repeated medication with tiamulin in drinking water reduced the severity of diarrhea and prevented deaths. After 1 to 3 retreatments, swine were immune to exposure with swine dysentery inoculum, and there was a significant (P<0.05) increase in their serum anti-Treponema hyodysenteriae antibodies. Seemingly, drug withdrawal permitted the occurrence and recurrence of diarrhea that was necessary to stimulate immunity.
Evaluation of a modified castellated laryngofissure for alleviation of upper airway obstruction in dogs with laryngeal paralysis
Authors: Smith Mark M. , Gourley Ira M. , Kurpershoek C. J. , Amis Terence C. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
A modified castellated laryngofissure procedure (castellated laryngofissure, vocal fold resection, and bilateral arytenoid lateralization) was performed on 12 dogs with bilateral laryngeal paralysis. Clinical signs of airway obstruction were assessed and a pulmonary function test (tidal breathing flow volume loop) was used to evaluate the severity of obstruction. The dogs were evaluated before surgery and at various periods from 4 days to 15 months after surgery. One dog died immediately after surgery and 3 dogs died due to nonrelated or unknown causes 1, 9, and 11 months after surgery. Clinical signs of upper airway obstruction disappeared or decreased in severity in the 11 dogs that recovered from surgery. Tidal breathing flow volume loop values were normal in 7 of 10 dogs evaluated within 5 to 189 days after surgery. The modified castellated laryngofissure procedure provided successful long-term relief of upper airway obstruction associated with bilateral laryngeal paralysis.
Interepizootic survival of porcine parvovirus
Authors: Mengeling W. L. , Paul P. S. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Porcine parvovirus (ppv) was transmitted by direct contact between experimentally infected and susceptible pigs at 1 and 2 weeks, but not at 4, 8, 16, or 25 weeks, after experimental infection. In contrast, ppv was found to remain infectious for at least 14 weeks in uncleaned rooms previously vacated by experimentally infected pigs. These findings suggest that facilities contaminated by secretions and excretions of infected pigs may provide the major means by which ppv survives between episodes of acute infection.
Use of gray-scale ultrasonography in the diagnosis of reproductive disease in the bitch: 18 cases (1981-1984)
Authors: Poffenbarger Ellen M. , Feeney Daniel A. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Gray-scale ultrasonography was utilized in addition to radiography in the diagnosis of reproductive disease in 18 bitches. In 72% of the cases, ultrasonography was considered diagnostic because it revealed information on organ architecture, relationships of radiographically silhouetting soft tissue structures, and fetal viability that was unobtainable by radiography alone. In the remainder of the cases, ultrasonography was contributory to the diagnostic process by supporting the clinical and radiographic diagnoses. The benefits of ultrasonography are discussed, as is the ultrasonographic appearance of a variety of reproductive tract diseases.
Diagnostic laparoscopy in the horse
Authors: Fischer A. T. , Lloyd K. C. Kent , Carlson G. P. , Madigan J. E. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Laparoscopy was performed in 5 clinically normal horses. Abdominal fluid protein content and wbc count increased markedly in all horses. Necropsy findings were confined to an increased amount of slightly turbid abdominal fluid. Five examples of applications of laparoscopy in horses with abdominal problems indicated that laparoscopy can be a valuable diagnostic procedure in the horse.
Evaluation of canine hyperadrenocorticism, using computed tomography
Authors: Emms Stephen G. , Wortman Jeffrey A. , Johnston Dudley E. , Goldschmidt Michael H. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Abdominal computed tomography was performed in 9 dogs with hyperadrenocorticism and in 2 healthy dogs. Both adrenal glands were identified in all dogs. Computed tomography allowed accurate identification of the sites of adrenal gland dysfunction, when interpreted in combination with a biochemical diagnosis of canine hyperadrenocorticism. This accuracy permitted the retroperitoneal approach to be used for all adrenalectomies. Use of contrast medium (although not essential) was helpful in the computed tomographic identification of blood vessels, kidneys, and other abdominal organs.
Metacarpal and metatarsal fractures in dairy cattle: 33 cases (1979–1985)
Authors: Tulleners Eric P. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Metacarpal (22) and metatarsal (11) fractures in 33 dairy cattle were treated by application of short or full limb casts. Twelve fractures involved the distal physis (6 closed, 6 open) and 21 fractures were nonphyseal (17 closed, 4 open). All physeal fractures were noncomminuted and 11/12 were classified as Salter-Harris type II. Eleven (52%) of nonphyseal fractures were comminuted.
Closed fractures were reduced and a cast was applied after manual restraint, sedation with xylazine (along with use of ropes), or general anesthesia. Open fractures were best treated with the cow under general anesthesia. These fractures were carefully debrided, lavaged, and reduced, and a cast was applied. Antibiotics and analgesics were given parenterally. All cattle were restricted to a box stall during fracture healing.
Fracture healing generally was rapid and uncomplicated. No closed fracture perforated the skin. Fracture healing was characterized radiographically by extensive circumferential periosteal new bone growth, closure of the distal physis, and preservation of articulations adjacent to the fracture site.
Follow-up ranged from 6 to 78 months (mean, 32 months). Thirty of 33 (91%) cattle survived for a long period. All cows with closed (23) and 7 of 10 (70%) with open fractures survived. Three cows were euthanatized; 2 developed severe osteomyelitis and one fractured her metatarsus above a short cast. All 30 surviving cattle were considered by their owners not lame on the previously injured limb, with no noticeable angulation, bowing, or shortening. No deleterious effects on milk production were detected.
Triple osteotomy of the pelvis and trochanteric osteotomy as a treatment for hip dysplasia in the immature dog: The surgical technique and results of 77 consecutive operations
Authors: Schrader Steven C. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Triple osteotomy of the pelvis with transplantation of the greater trochanter was performed in 41 immature dogs (77 hips) with hip dysplasia. Before surgery, all hips were moderately to severely subluxated and unstable on palpation. The juxta-acetabular location of the ilial, ischial, and pubic osteotomies allowed repositioning of the acetabulum over the femoral head even when subluxation was severe. The acetabular fragment was rotated 70° to 90° in all hips. After surgery, craniodorsal coverage of the femoral head was increased and each hip was stable on palpation. Bilateral procedures were performed 4 to 7 weeks apart. The functional status of the limb was assessed and physical examination and radiography were performed in 71% (55) of the hips 1.0 to 5.5 years (mean, 2.7 years) after surgery. Functional ability was considered satisfactory in 93% (51) of the limbs, though few dogs had a normal gait. On palpation, all hips were stable and all but one were evaluated as nonpainful. In most instances, contact between the femoral neck and the repositioned acetabular rim resulted in a variable amount of crepitus and restriction of motion when the hip was abducted and rotated externally and internally. Eighty-two percent (45) of the hips had little or no evidence of degenerative joint disease. A satisfactory functional, physical, and radiographic result was obtained in 73% (40) of the hips.
Bovine anaplasmosis: Susceptibility of seronegative cows from an infected herd to experimental infection with Anaplasma marginale
Authors: Lincoln S. D. , Zaugg J. L. , Maas J. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Adult cows from an Anaplasma marginale-infected herd that were negative to the A marginale rapid card agglutination (rca) and complement fixation (cf) tests for 1 to 4 years developed acute anaplasmosis after inoculation with 0.5 ml of blood from an A marginale carrier cow. The test cattle were as susceptible as the control cattle of similar ages. Also, 2 cows that had seroconverted from rca/cf-positive to rca/cf-negative status naturally were fully susceptible to anaplasmosis when they were experimentally infected. Results of the study indicated that indigenous seronegative cattle in anaplasmosis - enzootic regions probably do not have acquired or natural immunity to A marginale infection.
Use of ultrasonography for the detection of aortic-iliac thrombosis in horses
Authors: Reef Virginia B. , Roby Kate A. W. , Richardson Dean W. , Vaala Wendy E. , Johnston Janet K. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Two dimensional ultrasonographic evaluation of the iliac arteries and terminal portion of the aorta was utilized in 18 horses with histories of exercise intolerance or hindlimb lameness. A plaque or thrombus was imaged in one or more of these vessels in 5 horses. In 2 horses, the initial rectal examination findings were normal and the thrombus may have been missed without the use of diagnostic ultrasonography.
Peripheral nerve injury associated with fracture or fracture-dislocation of the pelvis in dogs and cats: 34 cases (1978-1982)
Authors: Jacobson Andrea , Schrader Steven C. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Peripheral nerve injury was associated with fracture or fracture-dislocation of the pelvis in 23 dogs and 11 cats. In most cases, peripheral nerve injury resulted from ilial fracture with craniomedial displacement of bone fragments, or from sacroiliac fracture-dislocation with cranial displacement of the ilium. Sciatic nerve injury was associated with fracture of the acetabulum in 2 dogs. A combination of sensory, voluntary motor, and reflex abnormalities were observed in the ipsilateral extremity of affected animals. Signs of severe pain were noticed in 4 of the dogs and in 1 cat. Eight of the animals died or were euthanatized for reasons not directly related to the severity of peripheral nerve injury. Of the remaining 26 animals, 21 (81%) had good or excellent limb function 16 weeks after peripheral nerve injury was sustained. Limb function was lost or self-mutilation occurred in 4 (15%) of the animals.
Prevalence of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in ileocecal lymph nodes of cattle culled in the United States
Authors: Merkal R. S. , Whipple D. L. , Sacks J. M. , Snyder G. R. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
During 1983 and 1984, ileocecal lymph node specimens were obtained from clinically normal cattle at 76 US Department of Agriculture-inspected cull cattle slaughterhouses in 32 states and Puerto Rico. Mycobacterium paratuberculosis was isolated from the lymph nodes of 119 of 7,540 cattle. The prevalence of bovine paratuberculosis was 1.6% overall, with 2.9% in dairy culls and 0.8% in beef culls. The prevalence for females and males did not appear to differ significantly.
Evaluation of the usefulness of routine microscopy in canine urinalysis
Authors: Fettman Martin J. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
The initial physical signs, clinical problems, and results of 1,000 consecutive urinalyses of canine patients at the Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital were reviewed and summarized to compare microscopic and physicochemical examinations of urine. Physicochemical examination alone would have resulted in an 11.4% (64/562) false-negative rate for detection of abnormal urine specimens without consideration of patient risk for genitourinary disease. The effects of a discriminative diagnostic algorithm on macroscopic examination sensitivity were determined. Fifty-one macronegative/micropositive and 85 macro- and micronegative specimens were obtained from higher-risk patients with history, physical signs, clinical problems, or serum biochemical analysis results indicative of predisposition to genitourinary disease, which would have warranted complete urinalyses regardless of physicochemical findings. Exclusion of these patients from evaluation of physicochemical examination sensitivity in order to consider such methodology's impact as a screening procedure only for those patients whose genitourinary disease was not already suspect resulted in a significantly (P<0.001) lower false-negative rate of 3.05% (13/426).
Generalized lymphadenopathy resembling lymphoma in cats: Six cases (1972–1976)
Authors: Mooney Samantha C. , Patnaik Amiya K. , Hayes Audrey A. , MacEwen E. Gregory 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Six cases of prominent generalized peripheral lymphadenopathy in the cat were reviewed. The lymph node biopsy specimens of these cats had many histologic features of lymphoma. One cat was euthanatized after the initial diagnosis of lymphoma. In the other 5 cats, the lymphadenopathy regressed without therapy within 1 to 17 weeks.
Ultrasonographic appearance of the bovine uterus during the estrous cycle
Authors: Pierson R. A. , Ginther O. J. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
The uteri of 22 Holstein heifers were monitored during 58 interovulatory intervals by transrectal ultrasonographic imaging. The ultrasonographic appearance of the uterus was influenced by the stage of the estrous cycle. Profound changes in characteristics visualized by ultrasonography included thickness of the uterine body, ultrasonographic evidence of edema, and accumulation of intravaginal and intrauterine fluids. Scores representing intravaginal fluid, intrauterine fluid, ultrasonographic texture, and number of gray-scale zones (comprising the image of the uterus) increased before ovulation, then decreased until approximately day 3 to day 6 (ovulation = day 0). The scores for uterine shape and number of cross sections of a uterine horn in one 5-MHz field began to increase before ovulation, reached a high plateau during the period associated with maximal progesterone production, and decreased before the time associated with estrus and ovulation.
An analysis of journal citation frequency in the consultant data base for computer-assisted diagnosis
Authors: White Maurice E. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
An analysis was done of a random sample of one third of the Consultant data base for computer-assisted diagnosis to determine the number of journals cited and the number of times each was cited. Although 86 journals were represented, 80% of citations for small animal practice were from 9 journals and 90% were from 14 journals. Eighty percent of citations for large animal diseases were from 17 journals and 90% were from 25 journals. The Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association provided 20% of total journal citations.
Clinicopathologic findings associated with chronic renal disease in cats: 74 cases (1973–1984)
Authors: DiBartola S. P. , Rutgers H. C. , Zack P. M. , Tarr M. J. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
The historic, physical, laboratory, and histologic findings for 74 cats with chronic renal disease were reviewed. Most cats were older, and no breed or sex predilection was detected. This most common clinical signs detected by owners were lethargy, anorexia, and weight loss. Dehydration and emaciation were common physical examination findings. Common laboratory findings were nonregenerative anaemia, lymphopenia, azotaemia, hypercholesterolemia, metabolic acidosis, hyperphosphatemia, and isosthenuria. The most common morphologic diagnosis was chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis of unknown cause. The other pathologic diagnoses were renal lymphosarcoma, renal amyloidosis, chronic pyelonephritis, chronic glomerulonephritis, polycystic renal disease, and pyogranulomatous nephritis secondary to feline infectious peritonitis.
Benefits and costs of a control program for an epizootic of Staphylococcus aureus mastitis
Authors: Goodger William J. , Ferguson Greta 
Published: February 2025

Summary
In response to an epizootic of Staphylococcus aureus mastitis, the owner of a 2,000-cow dairy instituted a treatment, prevention, and control program (hereafter, “intervention program”) consisting of teat dipping, bacteriologic culturing of milk from all fresh cows and from cows with clinical signs of infection, and culling cows found to be infected. The program was highly beneficial, yielding $2.40 in direct benefits for every $1 invested.
Isolation of Clostridium perfringens from neonatal calves with ruminal and abomasal tympany, abomasitis, and abomasal ulceration
Authors: Roeder B. L. , Chengappa M. M. , Nagaraja T. G. , Avery T. B. , Kennedy G. A. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Eight neonatal calves (2 to 21 days old) with suspected abomasal displacement or intestinal obstruction after acute onset of abdominal tympany, colic, depression, or death were referred to Kansas State University for clinical examination or for necropsy. Results of routine hematologic and serum chemical analyses did not reveal consistent changes. Necropsy revealed abomasal distention, with various degrees of abomasitis, hemorrhage, and ulceration, but did not reveal evidence of displaced abomasum or obstructed intestine. Specimens of ruminal contents collected via stomach tube or at necropsy and abomasal contents collected at necropsy were obtained for anaerobic bacteriologic culture. Clostridium perfringens was isolated from all specimens, and on the basis of toxin neutralization tests in mice, 7 were type A and one was type E. Copper concentrations in serum and tissues were within normal limits. It appeared that the acute abdominal syndrome in these neonatal calves was unrelated to copper deficiency, and that C perfringens, particularly type A, may have had an appreciable contributory role in its pathogenesis.
Open peritoneal drainage for treatment of contaminated peritoneal cavity and septic peritonitis in dogs and cats: 24 cases (1980–1986)
Authors: Greenfield Cathy L. , Walshaw Richard 
Published: February 2025

Summary
The medical records of 22 dogs and 2 cats in which generalized peritonitis had been treated by open peritoneal drainage were reviewed. The age of the affected animals ranged from 5 months to 14 years. The causes of peritonitis were numerous, with the most common being leakage of gastrointestinal contents through spontaneous gastric or intestinal perforations and peritoneal contamination resulting from surgical complications. Bacteria were isolated from 18 (94.7%) of 19 specimens obtained for culturing at the time of diagnosis of peritonitis and from 8 (80%) of 10 specimens obtained for culturing at the time of final abdominal closure. Only 2 (25%) of 8 of the animals in which bacteria were isolated at the time of final abdominal closure died. The overall mortality was 33%. The mortality attributable to peritonitis or its direct complications was 21%. Open peritoneal drainage was tolerated well by all patients.
Assessment of neutrophil function in dogs with primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: Morrison Wallace B. , Frank Dagmar E. , Roth James A. , Wilsman Norman J. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Compared with neutrophils from healthy dogs, neutrophils from 2 dogs with primary ciliary dyskinesia had increased distance of random migration, but fewer of the neutrophils migrated. The affected dogs had an increase in the numbers of Staphylococcus aureus phagocytized. Lymphocyte blastogenesis in the affected dogs in response to standard mitogens was considered to be normal.