bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction of talus and calcaneus morphometric values and estimation of carcass weight in cattle
Authors: Kartal Mehmet , Üstündağ Yasemin , Mutuş Rifat , Silibolatlaz Baykara Derya , Öztürk Muhsin , Mutlu Zihni 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, the calcaneus and talus bones of 20 male and female adult Simmental and Angus cattle were used. The age and sex of these animals were recorded before slaughter, and carcass weights were taken after slaughter. Calcaneus and talus morphometric measurements were used to obtain multipliers that allow the estimation of the carcass weight. These multipliers were found to be mean values of 3.346 and 4.642, respectively. Thus, multipliers were obtained that can be used in the evaluation of chronological differences in archaeological cattle size and consequently carcass weight. LSM (Least Square Means) analysis of calcaneus and talus GL values revealed the effect of sex but not of breed. Proportional factors were obtained for calcaneus and talus pairings and associated bone size (GL) estimates.
‘Psychedelics are no magic pill’: the narrative and embodied dimensions of psychedelic integration in Denmark
Authors: Marie Sidsel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWithin recent years, an increasing number of people and researchers in the Global North have become interested in psychedelic substances and their therapeutic application. While much of the current media attention and research effort mainly concentrate on the therapeutic potential and actions of the individual's acute psychedelic experience, this article explores the user‐perceived, therapeutic dynamics of psychedelics in a more long‐term perspective by charting the lived experiences and practices of ‘integration’ among psychedelic users in Denmark. Based on ethnographic fieldwork from November 2020 to June 2021, I offer a dual typology of self‐related integration as narrative and experiential‐somatic. Combining the two, I argue that psychedelic integration in contemporary Denmark can be viewed as a processual self‐transformation of the users' experiential orientation where understandings and/or modes of being from the acute psychedelic experience are woven into, prolonged, and/or embodied in their everyday existence.
Population pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in term neonates with perinatal asphyxia treated with therapeutic hypothermia
Authors: van der Veer Marlotte A. A. , de Haan Timo R. , Franken Linda G. W. , van Hest Reinier M. , Groenendaal Floris , Dijk Peter H. , de Boode Willem P. , Simons Sinno , Dijkman Koen P. , van Straaten Henrica L. M. , Rijken Monique , Cools Filip , Nuytemans Debbie H. G. M. , van Kaam Anton H. , Bijleveld Yuma A. , Mathôt Ron A. A. ,   for the PharmaCool Study Group
Published: March 2024

AimsLittle is known about the population pharmacokinetics (PPK) of vancomycin in neonates with perinatal asphyxia treated with therapeutic hypothermia (TH). We aimed to describe the PPK of vancomycin and propose an initial dosing regimen for the first 48 h of treatment with pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment.MethodsNeonates with perinatal asphyxia treated with TH were included from birth until Day 6 in a multicentre prospective cohort study. A vancomycin PPK model was constructed using nonlinear mixed‐effects modelling. The model was used to evaluate published dosing guidelines with regard to pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment. The area under the curve/minimal inhibitory concentration ratio of 400–600 mg*h/L was used as target range.ResultsSixteen patients received vancomycin (median gestational age: 41 [range: 38–42] weeks, postnatal age: 4.4 [2.5–5.5] days, birth weight: 3.5 [2.3–4.7] kg), and 112 vancomycin plasma concentrations were available. Most samples (79%) were collected during the rewarming and normothermic phase, as vancomycin was rarely initiated during the hypothermic phase due to its nonempirical use. An allometrically scaled 1‐compartment model showed the best fit. Vancomycin clearance was 0.17 L/h, lower than literature values for term neonates of 3.5 kg without perinatal asphyxia (range: 0.20–0.32 L/h). Volume of distribution was similar. Published dosing regimens led to overexposure within 24 h of treatment. A loading dose of 10 mg/kg followed by 24 mg/kg/day in 4 doses resulted in target attainment.ConclusionResults of this study suggest that vancomycin clearance is reduced in term neonates with perinatal asphyxia treated with TH. Lower dosing regimens should be considered followed by model‐informed precision dosing.
Paliperidone poisoning and measurable plasma concentrations 2.5 years after last administered dose: A case report
Authors: Nersesjan Mariam , Wagner Maria , Dalhoff Kim Peder , Petersen Tonny Studsgaard , Bøgevig Søren , Horwitz Henrik 
Published: March 2024

We report a poisoning with paliperidone palmitate, a once‐monthly, long‐acting injectable antipsychotic. The patient suffered from deep sedation and dystonia. She had been treated with extended release intramuscular paliperidone for several years and had received her last injection 8 days prior to admission. The plasma paliperidone was nearly five times higher than the upper reference range. Paliperidone is a substrate of p‐glycoprotein and we therefore aimed to increase its elimination by inducing p‐glycoprotein through treatment with St John's wort. This seemed to have a limited effect on paliperidone clearance. Plasma concentration levels decreased with time as did the dystonia. All antipsychotic treatment was discontinued after this unfortunate event, and the patient did specifically not receive any prescriptions of paliperidone or risperidone. However, the plasma paliperidone concentration was in the low end of the normal therapeutic range 2.5 years after the last dose of paliperidone was administered, and the patient still had some extrapyramidal symptoms.
‘The world was going through what we go through everyday’: The experiences of women with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) living with their partners during the COVID‐19 lockdown in the United Kingdom
Authors: Sehmbi Tarnjit , Wearden Alison , Peters Sarah , Dienes Kimberly 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesMyalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a long‐term debilitating illness characterised by profound and persistent fatigue (JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 313, 2015, 1101). The current study aims to explore the experiences of women with ME/CFS living with their partners during the COVID‐19 pandemic in the United Kingdom.DesignThe study adopted a qualitative design comprising semi‐structured interviews with participants. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis (TA).MethodsParticipants were women with ME/CFS (n = 21) recruited through ME/CFS support groups in the United Kingdom. All participants were in romantic relationships and lived with their partners.ResultsData were organised into three themes: (1) lockdown disrupting routine, (2) reducing difference and (3) fear of getting COVID‐19. People with ME/CFS found that lockdown disrupted their well‐established routines. Although routines were disrupted by partners and increased working‐from‐home practices, participants found having partners at home helpful. People with ME/CFS believed that the changes induced by the pandemic reduced the differences between themselves and the outside world which, prior to lockdown, had felt prominent. They were fearful of getting COVID‐19 as they believed this would make their ME/CFS worse. This meant that for people with ME/CFS, the lifting of the lockdown restrictions was an anxiety‐provoking time, hence impacting symptoms. People with ME/CFS continued to adhere to government guidelines after national restrictions were eased.ConclusionsThis study outlines the experiences of women with ME/CFS during COVID‐19, alongside the long‐term impact this has had due to the changes that the pandemic imposed. These findings may have implications for those with long COVID.
Can agentic messages help? Linguistic strategies to counteract voice‐based sexual orientation discrimination
Authors: Fasoli Fabio , Formanowicz Magdalena 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGay men who believe to sound ‘gay’ expect to be discriminated against because of their voices and gay‐sounding men are discriminated against in the hiring process. We examined whether uttering an agency‐based message decreased discrimination expectancy and enactment. In Study 1a (N = 256; gay and bisexual men) and Study 1b (N = 216; gay men), speakers uttered agentic (vs. neutral) messages. We assessed their self‐perception as gay sounding, agency self‐attribution and discrimination expectancy. Uttering agentic (vs. neutral) messages made the speakers self‐perceive as more agentic and this decreased discrimination expectancy. Additionally, self‐perception as gay sounding predicted discrimination expectancy. In Study 2 (N = 466), heterosexual participants listened to gay‐ and straight‐sounding speakers uttering either neutral or agentic messages and rated them in terms of agency and employability. Gay‐sounding speakers uttering agentic messages were less likely to be discriminated against than when uttering neutral messages. Results show the positive impact of linguistic strategies involving agentic messages to reduce discrimination expectancy and hiring biases.
Computational analysis followed by in vitro studies to explore cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐6 and IL‐1β) inhibition potential of the new natural molecule polonilignan
Authors: Pal Pragya Paramita , Lakshmi Soukya P. S. , Gupta Suraj , Araya Hiroshi , Fujimoto Yoshinori , Begum Ahil Sajeli 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTargeting pro‐inflammatory cytokines and their production is found to be of therapeutic benefit for the regulation of inflammation in various chronic autoimmune diseases. Our continued efforts to discover small molecular‐weight pro‐inflammatory cytokine inhibitors resulted in identifying a novel natural lignan molecule named polonilignan, isolated from the culture broth extract of an endophytic fungus Penicillium polonicum. An in silico study (molecular docking, ADME predictions, binding free energy calculation and molecular dynamics simulation) of the polonilignan over the pro‐inflammatory cytokines proteins TNF‐α, IL‐6 and IL‐1β was performed using Schrodinger LLC software to understand the binding interactions, drug‐like properties, and stability of the ligand‐protein complex. Further, in‐vitro testing of inhibition of TNF‐α, IL‐6 and IL‐1β by polonilignan was carried out using ELISA and RT‐PCR on LPS‐induced RAW 264.7 cell lines along with the testing of nitrite production effect (Griess assay) and cytotoxicity (MTT) analysis. Under the computational study, polonilignan revealed good docking scores, binding interactions, and stability under MDS and desirable in silico ADME results over the proteins TNF‐α, IL‐1β and IL‐6. Poloniligan showed significant inhibition of IL‐1β, IL‐6 and TNF‐α with IC50 values of 2.01 μM, 6.59 μM and 42.10 μM, respectively. Also, it reduced the translocation of the NF‐κB subunit p65 to the nucleus (confocal microscopy). The mRNA expression levels of pro‐inflammatory markers IL‐1β, TNF‐α and IL‐6 levels were lowered significantly (p < .001) by the compound, and the diminution was higher with IL‐1β. Further, the lignan was non‐cytotoxic and effective in attenuating nitrite release (IC50 48.56 μM). Thus, polonilignan has been identified as a new pan‐cytokine and NO inhibitor, it is recommended to optimise a method for the synthesis of this small molecular weight lignan and explore its pharmacokinetic characteristics, toxicity and therapeutic effect under various chronic inflammatory disease models.
Long‐term survival and success rate of dental implants placed in reconstructed areas with extraoral autogenous bone grafts: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Moraschini Vittorio , Louro Rafael Seabra , Son Andrea , Calasans‐Maia Monica Diuana , Sartoretto Suelen Cristina , Shibli Jamil Awad 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the long‐term survival and success rates of implants placed in reconstructed areas using microvascularized or non‐microvascularized extraoral bone grafts.Materials and MethodsAn electronic search was performed in five databases and in gray literature for articles published until June, 2023. The eligibility criteria comprised observational studies (prospective or retrospective) and clinical trials, reporting survival and success rates of implants placed in extraoral bone grafts. A meta‐analysis (implant failure) was categorized into subgroups based on the type of bone graft used. The risk of bias within studies was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale.ResultsThirty‐one studies met the inclusion criteria. The mean follow‐up time was 92 months. The summary estimate of survival rate at the implant level were 94.9% (CI: 90.1%–97.4%) for non‐vascularized iliac graft, 96.5% (CI: 91.4%–98.6%) for non‐vascularized calvaria graft, and 92.3% (CI: 89.1%–94.6%) for vascularized fibula graft. The mean success rate and marginal bone loss (MBL) were 83.2%; 2.25 mm, 92.2%; 0.93 mm, and 87.6%; 1.49 mm, respectively.ConclusionsImplants placed in areas reconstructed using extraoral autogenous bone graft have high long‐term survival rates and low long‐term MBLs. The data did not demonstrate clinically relevant differences in the survival, success, or MBL of grafts from different donor areas or with different vascularization.This systematic review was registered in INPLASY under number INPLASY202390004.
The effect of primary renal disease upon outcomes after renal transplant
Authors: Garland Shona , Pullerits Kairi , Chukwu Chukwuma A , Chinnadurai Rajkumar , Middleton Rachel , Kalra Philip A 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated whether nature of primary renal disease affects clinical outcomes after renal transplantation at a single center in the United Kingdom.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of 961 renal transplant recipients followed up at a large renal center from 2000 to 2020. Separation of diseases responsible for end‐stage kidney disease included glomerulonephritis, diabetic kidney disease, hypertensive nephropathy, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, unknown cause, other causes and chronic pyelonephritis. Outcome data included graft loss, cardiovascular events, malignancy, post‐transplant diabetes mellitus and death, analyzed according to primary disease type.ResultsThe mean age at transplantation was 47.3 years. During a mean follow‐up of 7.6 years, 18% of the overall cohort died corresponding to an annualised mortality rate of 2.3%. Death with a functioning graft occurred at a rate of 2.1% per annum, with the highest incidence observed in in patients with diabetic kidney disease (4.1%/year). Post‐transplant cardiovascular events occurred in 21% of recipients (2.8% per year), again highest in recipients with diabetic kidney disease (5.1%/year) and hypertensive nephropathy (4.5%/year). Post‐transplant diabetes mellitus manifested in 19% of the cohort at an annualized rate of2.1% while cancer incidence stood at 9% with an annualized rate of 1.1% . Graft loss occurred in 6.8% of recipients at the rate of1.2% per year with chronic allograft injury, acute rejection and recurrent glomerulonephritis being the predominant causative factors. Median + IQR dialysis‐free survival of the whole cohort was 16.2 (9.9 ‐ > 20) years, being shortest for diabetic kidney disease (11.0 years) and greatest for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (18.2 years) .The collective mean decline in eGFR over time was ‐1.14ml/min/year. Recipients with Pre‐transplant diabetic kidney disease exhibited the fastest rate of decline(‐2.1ml/min/year) a statistically significant difference in comparison to the other native kidney diseases with Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease exhibiting the lowest rate of decline(‐0.05ml/min/year)ConclusionPrimary renal disease can influence the outcome after renal transplantation, with patients with prior diabetic kidney disease having the poorest outcome in terms of dialysis‐free survival and loss of transplant function. Autosomal polycystic kidney disease, other cause and unknown cause had the best outcomes compared to other primary renal disease groups.
Stellungnahme der Deutschen STI‐Gesellschaft zur antibiotischen STI‐Prophylaxe mit Doxycyclin (Doxy‐PEP, Doxy‐PrEP)
Authors: Werner Ricardo Niklas , Schmidt Axel Jeremias , Potthoff Anja , Spornraft‐Ragaller Petra , Brockmeyer Norbert Hermann ,   für die Deutsche STI‐Gesellschaft (DSTIG)
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungSeit etwa zwei Jahrzehnten ist eine Zunahme der Syphilisinzidenz zu beobachten, insbesondere unter Männern, die Sex mit Männern haben (MSM). Diese Entwicklung hat zu einem wachsenden Interesse an Studien zur prophylaktischen Anwendung des Antibiotikums Doxycyclin zur Vermeidung von Syphilisinfektionen und anderen sexuell übertragbaren Infektionen (STI), international meist als Doxycyclin‐Prä‐ beziehungsweise Post‐Expositionsprophylaxe (Doxy‐PrEP, Doxy‐PEP) bezeichnet, geführt. Zugleich steigt die Nachfrage seitens potenzieller Nutzer nach dieser präventiven Maßnahme.Mehrere randomisierte kontrollierte Studien haben gezeigt, dass die prophylaktische Anwendung von Doxycyclin bei MSM und Trans‐Frauen mit HIV‐PrEP‐Gebrauch oder bekannter HIV‐Infektion das Risiko einer Syphilis‐ und Chlamydien‐Infektion wirksam reduziert. Zum gegenwärtigen Zeitpunkt bestehen jedoch noch offene Fragen, insbesondere hinsichtlich der möglichen Auswirkungen einer breiten Anwendung der antibiotischen STI‐Prophylaxe mit Doxycyclin auf Tetrazyklin‐ und andere antimikrobielle Resistenzen bei bakteriellen STI, anderen bakteriellen Pathogenen und Bakterien des Mikrobioms.Angesichts der steigenden Nachfrage und der Herausforderung, eine Abwägung zwischen Wirksamkeit, Sicherheit und dem Risiko der Förderung von Antibiotikaresistenzen vorzunehmen, hat die Deutsche STI‐Gesellschaft (DSTIG) die vorliegende Stellungnahme erarbeitet. Diese enthält spezifische Empfehlungen zu potenziellen Indikationen, Kriterien und Anlässen für den Einsatz von Doxycyclin zur Prävention von STI. Die Empfehlungen basieren auf aktuellen Studienergebnissen und der Meinung von Fachpersonen.
Profiles of disordered eating behaviour in type 1 diabetes using the DEPS‐R and behaviour and glycaemic outcomes in a real‐life setting
Authors: Merwin Rhonda M. , Dmitrieva Natalia O. , Moskovich Ashley A. , Warnick Jennifer L. , Goebel‐Fabbri Ann E. , Topor Lisa Swartz , Darling Katherine E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsThe Diabetes Eating Problems Survey – Revised (DEPS‐R) is commonly used to assess disordered eating behaviour (DEB) in individuals with type 1 diabetes and has advantages compared to other measures not specifically tailored to diabetes. A score ≥20 on the DEPS‐R is used to indicate clinically significant DEB; however, it does not distinguish between eating disorder (ED) phenotypes necessary to guide treatment decisions, limiting clinical utility.MethodsThe current study used latent class analysis to identify distinct person‐centred profiles of DEB in adults with type 1 diabetes using the DEPS‐R. Analysis of Variance with Games Howell post‐hoc comparisons was then conducted to examine the correspondence between the profiles and binge eating, insulin restriction and glycaemic control (HbA1c, mean blood glucose, and percent time spent in hyperglycaemia) during 3 days of assessment in a real‐life setting.ResultsLatent class analysis indicated a 4‐class solution, with patterns of item endorsement suggesting the following profiles: Bulimia, Binge Eating, Overeating and Low Pathology. Differences in binge eating, insulin restriction and glycaemic control were observed between profiles during 3 days of at‐home assessment. The Bulimia profile was associated with highest HbA1c and 3‐day mean blood glucose.ConclusionsThere are common patterns of responses on the DEPS‐R that appear to reflect different ED phenotypes. Profiles based on the DEPS‐R corresponded with behaviour in the real‐life setting as expected and were associated with different glycaemic outcomes. Results may have implications for the use of the DEPS‐R in research and clinical settings.
Reassessing climate disclosure demands: An examination of stakeholder perspectives beyond institutional investors
Authors: Kuvvet Emre 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article examines support for mandatory climate impact disclosures beyond institutional investors and investigates societal backing for such disclosures. Analysing public comments on the Securities and Exchange Commission's proposed climate disclosure mandate, the study reveals varying levels of support across demographics, ideologies, and industries. Notably, younger individuals, affluent individuals, females, urban residents, minorities, college graduates, Democrats, environmental activists, and certain regions overwhelmingly endorse the rule. Conversely, opposition is pronounced among high‐school graduates, rural populations, small business owners, agricultural and energy sector employees, publicly traded companies, and residents of the South and Midwest. While the SEC cites institutional initiatives and surveys to justify the demand for climate disclosures, this article highlights a potential oversight of other stakeholders' perspectives. It is unclear that mandatory disclosure is necessary when a company's business is not at material financial risk from climate change.
Effects of frass from larvae of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) and yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) on growth and insect resistance in field mustard (Brassica rapa): differences between insect species and frass treatments
Authors: Chia Shaphan Y. , van Loon Joop J. A. , Dicke Marcel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFrass, a byproduct of insect rearing, has become popular for its potential use in sustainable agriculture. The rapid growth of insect production results in an increased frass output. This study examined the effects of frass as soil amendment on plant growth and resistance to insect herbivory. In greenhouse experiments,Brassica rapaL. (Brassicaceae), was grown in unamended soil (NoFrass; control) or soil amended with frass (2 g kg−1) from larvae of black soldier fly (BSFF),Hermetia illucensL. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), or yellow mealworm (MWF),Tenebrio molitorL. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Frass was applied as raw, incubated, or composted frass before seed germination. Plant growth and performance were measured of larvae of root‐feedingDelia radicumL. (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) and shoot‐feedingPlutella xylostellaL. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Initially, raw BSFF and MWF reduced the growth ofB. rapaand resulted in a smaller leaf area than NoFrass. However, over time, a notable trend emerged. Whereas the difference in leaf area between MWF and NoFrass disappeared, BSFF consistently resulted in a smaller leaf area than MWF and NoFrass. Raw BSFF reducedD. radicumlarval survival and pupal biomass and larval survival ofP. xylostella. In contrast, raw MWF increased larval survival and biomass ofD. radicumand the survival ofP. xylostellalarvae. Interestingly, incubation of frass in the soil for 16 days before seed germination removed plant growth inhibition and increased plant leaf area, especially for MWF compared to NoFrass. In addition, composting MWF increased leaf growth. Therefore, frass may be used as a sustainable and natural alternative to conventional organic fertilisers, promoting plant growth and enhancing resistance to herbivory. Our results indicate that soil amendment with raw BSFF may negatively impact herbivore performance, whereas raw MWF may enhance herbivore performance.