bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parent and community political orientation predicts children's health behaviours
Authors: Gollwitzer Anton , Marshall Julia , Lee Young‐eun , Deutchman Paul , Warneken Felix , McAuliffe Katherine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDoes political partisanship extend to childhood? To what degree are children, a largely non‐political population, impacted by parents’ and communities’ political orientations? We examined children's behaviours and attitudes during a politically divisive event – the COVID‐19 pandemic. Children (4‐ to 12‐year‐olds; N = 313) of liberal (vs. conservative) parents reported greater preventive COVID‐19 behaviours, such as mask wearing and physical distancing, and responded more positively to these health behaviours. At the community level, children living in Democratic‐voting (vs. Republican‐voting) U.S. counties more strongly endorsed preventive COVID‐19 behaviours. Political orientation was a better predictor than education, income, religiosity, population‐density, and infection rates. Mediation and moderation analyses revealed that the parent–child political link was driven by children's perceptions of their parents' guidance, behaviours, and concern about COVID‐19, and that this link was attenuated in Democratic‐ versus Republican‐voting counties. Political orientation appears to play an unexpectedly prominent role, both at the intimate family and broader community level, in determining children's behaviours and attitudes.
Rational approach for expanding functionality of wurtzite rectangle nano‐sheets based photoanode for improved photoelectrochemical water‐splitting performance
Authors: Rashid Khan Humaira , Dawood Asadullah , Akhtar Javed , Khan Azmat Ali , Choudhary Muhammad Aziz , Khan Muhammad Asad 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPhotoanodes possessing multifunctionality for efficient clean fuel generation have garnered significant attention. In this study, we present successful fabrication of tungsten‐doped ZnO photoelectrodes, resulting in enhanced photoelectrochemical water‐splitting performance. A single‐step deposition process was employed to achieve thin films with excellent adhesion on FTO substrates, eliminating the need for post‐annealing treatments. The addition of tungsten into the ZnO matrix extended the optical absorbance range of the thin films to the visible spectrum, leading to improved photoelectrochemical performance under visible light irradiation. At an applied potential of 0.85 V vs. RHE, the as‐fabricated tungsten‐doped ZnO thin films exhibited a remarkable photocurrent density of 5218 μA/cm2, which was eight times higher than that of the undoped ZnO electrode. The incorporation of tungsten in the ZnO photoanode resulted in increased charge carrier density and enhanced visible light absorption, consequently elevating the photocurrent density.
First record of Laetiporus xinjiangensis (Laetiporaceae, Polyporales) from India
Authors: Mehmood Tahir , Singh Shiny , Sharma Yash Pal 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA noteworthy edible Laetiporus was collected during our macrofungal exploration in the Trans‐Himalayan district of Kargil, India. It is reported as a new phytogeographical record for India. Detailed morphological description and comparison with other closely related taxa of Laetiporus, as well as a molecular phylogeny, are provided.
Effect of HIV/AIDS on labour productivity and the moderating role of literacy rate: A panel study of Africa and its sub‐regions
Authors: Ogbodo Joel C. , Ogbuabor Jonathan E. , Omenazu Chimaroke , Eyimoga Anthony , David Adeleye Olaide 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study examined the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) on labour productivity in Africa and its sub‐regions while controlling for the moderating effect of literacy rate. The study used the system Generalised Method of Moment estimation technique and annual panel data from 2010 to 2020 for 53 African economies. Labour productivity and literacy rate were measured by the ratio of gross domestic product to total employment and gross secondary school enrolment respectively. The results indicate that HIV/AIDS retards labour productivity, and that literacy rate can ease this depressing effect of HIV/AIDS in Africa. The sub‐regional differences in Africa obtained in this study revealed that the depressing effect of HIV/AIDS on labour productivity is highest in Southern Africa and lowest in Northern and Central Africa. Interestingly, the study also established that per capita health expenditure, per capita income, gross capital formation, and information and communications technology are important drivers of labour productivity in Africa. The study, therefore, concludes that there is need for governments and other stakeholders to help to increase school enrolment and improve the quality of the content of education curriculum in Africa to increase the awareness of HIV/AIDS, especially as it relates to its channels of transmission like unprofessional blood transfusion, unprotected sexual activity, and genital mutilation, among others.
To assess the contributing factors of nutritional and health status amongst elderlies residing in the nursing homes of fars province, Iran: A cross sectional study
Authors: Joulaei Hassan , Keshani Parisa , Kashfinejad Seyed Mohammadsadegh , Foroozanfar Zohre , Mohsenpour Mohammad Ali , Fararouei Mohammad 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsIn line with the global trend, the number of elderly is rising in Iran. It should be noted that the nutritional and health needs of these people, especially those living in nursing houses, are extremely significant. The present study aimed to identify the nutritional and health status and uncover their relationship with received care services by elderlies residing in nursing homes.MethodsAll 373 elderlies living in the nursing homes in Shiraz entered the study, and the requisite data were collected by references to elderlies' files, respective nurses, and elderlies themselves.ResultsThe majority of the elderlies were at risk of malnutrition (62.5% of the total population, 55.4% of females, and approximately 44.6% of males). Elderlies with no insurance coverage mainly fell into the at‐risk and malnutrition categories. There was a significant relationship between the needs assessment scores, reflecting the need for physical and psychological actions, and elderlies' malnutrition (odds ratio = 1.87, 95% confidence interval: 1.79−1.95). For each unit increase in the Physical and psychological need score, the odds of exposure to malnutrition (vs. nonmalnourished and at risk of malnutrition) was 1.87 times after adjustment for confounders.ConclusionThe results of our study revealed that most of the elderlies living in the nursing homes of Shiraz had some levels of malnutrition such as at‐risk for malnutrition (62.5%) and malnourished (18.9%). Based on these results, it is suggested that health policy‐makers take practical steps toward promoting the nutritional care of old people and direct extra supervision to nursing homes and all healthcare provisions.
Adsorption equilibrium, kinetics and dynamic process of polyphenols from orange peel extract on mixed‐mode adsorption resin HD‐1
Authors: Wang Shengping , Jiao Pengfei , Dong Bingxue , Niu Qiuhong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe extraction and separation of natural polyphenols are attractive. Many researchers used high‐speed counter‐current chromatography to separate and purify polyphenols. However, it requires a long operating time, a large amount of organic solvent consumption, and high operating costs. In this work, the adsorption behaviors of polyphenols from orange peel extract on mixed‐mode resins were studied. The adsorption capacities and selectivities of different resins to the main polyphenols in the extract including gallic acid, p‐coumaric acid and ferulic acid were compared. The adsorption mechanism was analyzed by adsorption equilibrium and kinetics studies as well as molecular docking. The fixed‐bed adsorption was studied experimentally and theoretically.RESULTSHD‐1 resin has excellent adsorption selectivities among the resins. The yield of polyphenols from orange peel by integrated extraction‐adsorption increased by 82.94% compared with that of extraction without adsorption. The adsorption isotherms agreed with the Freundlich model. Dubinin–Radushkevich model results indicated that the adsorption of gallic acid mainly depends on nonelectrostatic interaction. The adsorption of the other two polyphenols involves electrostatic and nonelectrostatic interaction. The adsorption kinetics curves accorded with the pseudo‐second‐order model, and the adsorption rate of gallic acid was the highest among the polyphenols. Adsorption of polyphenols involves both physical and chemical adsorption. The breakthrough curves could be closely simulated by Yoon–Nelson and Thoms models. Significant differences existed in times for 50% breakthrough.CONCLUSIONMixed‐mode chromatography with HD‐1 resin as stationary phase is applicable to the separation of polyphenols. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Spontaneous rupture of neonatal hepatic hemangioma diagnosed by ultrasound: A case report
Authors: Li Xueyi , Zhang Wenhua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHepatic hemangioma is the most prevalent benign liver tumor during the fetal and neonatal period, and its rupture poses a severe threat to newborns' lives—this article presents a case involving the spontaneous rupture of a hepatic hemangioma in a neonate. Early diagnosis through ultrasound enabled prompt treatment, resulting in the patient's timely discharge.
A Comparative Study of Three Systems for Liver Magnetic Resonance Elastography
Authors: Wang Runke , Wang Yikun , Qiu Suhao , Ma Shengyuan , Yan Fuhua , Yang Guang‐Zhong , Li Ruokun , Feng Yuan 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundDifferent MR elastography (MRE) systems may produce different stiffness measurements, making direct comparison difficult in multi‐center investigations.PurposeTo assess the repeatability and reproducibility of liver stiffness measured by three typical MRE systems.Study TypeProspective.Population/PhantomsThirty volunteers without liver disease history (20 males, aged 21–28)/5 gel phantoms.Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T United Imaging Healthcare (UIH), 1.5 T Siemens Healthcare, 3.0 T General Electric Healthcare (GE)/Echo planar imaging‐based MRE sequence.AssessmentWave images of volunteers and phantoms were acquired by three MRE systems. Tissue stiffness was evaluated by two observers, while phantom stiffness was assessed automatically by code. The reproducibility across three MRE systems was quantified based on the mean stiffness of each volunteer and phantom.Statistical TestsIntraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), coefficients of variation (CV), and Bland–Altman analyses were used to assess the interobserver reproducibility, the interscan repeatability, and the intersystem reproducibility. Paired t‐tests were performed to assess the interobserver and interscan variation. Friedman tests with Dunn's multiple comparison correction were performed to assess the intersystem variation. P values less than 0.05 indicated significant difference.ResultsThe reproducibility of stiffness measured by the two observers demonstrated consistency with ICC > 0.92, CV < 4.32%, Mean bias < 2.23%, and P > 0.06. The repeatability of measurements obtained using the electromagnetic system for the liver revealed ICC > 0.96, CV < 3.86%, Mean bias < 0.19%, P > 0.90. When considering the range of reproducibility across the three systems for liver evaluations, results ranged with ICCs from 0.70 to 0.87, CVs from 6.46% to 10.99%, and Mean biases between 1.89% and 6.30%. Phantom studies showed similar results. The values of measured stiffness differed across all three systems significantly.Data ConclusionLiver stiffness values measured from different MRE systems can be different, but the measurements across the three MRE systems produced consistent results with excellent reproducibility.Evidence Level1Technical EfficacyStage 2
A novel optimized fractional order system for tuning biological parameters
Authors: Sahu Tapaswini , Tripathy Madhab Chandra , Jena Ranjan Kumar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn contemporary biological research and applications, control systems have become indispensable for understanding and managing the intricate dynamics of the human biological system. Given the critical role of components such as the pancreas structure, protein formation, insulin and glucose regulation, and the genetic regulatory network (GRN), any disturbances in these systems can lead to severe health issues. To overcome these issues, to introduced a novel hybrid controller called the fuzzy lion‐based optimized fractional order system (FL‐OFOS) for evaluating the performance of the system. This controller aims to efficiently govern and regulate key components of the human biological system, including insulin dynamics, protein synthesis, pancreas functionality, and GRN management. The controller is specifically tailored to regulate insulin, protein synthesis, pancreas function, and GRN dynamics within the human biological system. The optimization of biological parameter values is achieved through the incorporation of the fuzzy lion function. The results of this study highlight the efficacy of the FL‐OFOS controller in optimizing and regulating various biological parameters. The system demonstrates minimal error rates, rapid response times, reduced overshoot, and high control precision and accuracy. The proposed controller achieves a minimal error rate of 0.98%, with only minor overshoot occurring in the outcomes. As a result, the FL‐OFOS controller offers substantial gains and delivers optimal results in the realm of biological systems.
Nut consumption during pregnancy is associated with decreased risk of peer problems in 5‐year‐old Japanese children
Authors: Nguyen Mai Quynh , Miyake Yoshihiro , Tanaka Keiko , Hasuo Shizuka , Nakamura Yoshitaka , Okubo Hitomi , Sasaki Satoshi , Arakawa Masashi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesNuts are nutrient‐dense foods rich in unsaturated fatty acids, protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals. The present prebirth cohort study examined the association between maternal nut intake during pregnancy and the risk of childhood behavioral problems in 5‐year‐old Japanese children.MethodsStudy subjects were 1199 mother–child pairs. Dietary intake was assessed using a diet history questionnaire. Emotional problems, conduct problems, hyperactivity problems, peer problems, and low prosocial behavior were assessed using the parent‐reported version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Adjustments were made for a priori‐selected nondietary confounders and potentially related dietary factors.ResultsCompared with mothers who had not eaten nuts during pregnancy, mothers who had eaten nuts had a significantly reduced risk of peer problems in children; the adjusted odds ratio was 0.64 (95% confidence interval: 0.42–0.97). There were no measurable associations between maternal consumption of nuts during pregnancy and the risk of childhood emotional problems, conduct problems, hyperactivity problems, and low prosocial behavior.ConclusionsMaternal consumption of nuts during pregnancy may be associated with a decreased risk of peer problems in 5‐year‐old children.
Polarized and Unpolarized Emission from a Single Emitter in a Bullseye Resonator
Authors: Peniakov Giora , Buchinger Quirin , Helal Mohamed , Betzold Simon , Reum Yorick , Rota Michele B. , Ronco Giuseppe , Beccaceci Mattia , Krieger Tobias M. , da Silva Saimon F. Covre , Rastelli Armando , Trotta Rinaldo , Pfenning Andreas , Höfling Sven , Huber‐Loyola Tobias 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPolarized , and unpolarized emission from a single emitter embedded in a single, cylindrically symmetric device design is presented. The polarization stems from a position offset of the single emitter with respect to the cavity center, which breaks the cylindrical symmetry, and a position‐dependent coupling to the frequency degenerate eigenmodes of the resonator structure is shown. The experimental results are interpreted by using numerical simulations and by experimental mapping of the polarization‐resolved far‐field emission patterns. The findings can be generalized to any nanophotonic structure where two orthogonal eigenmodes are not fully spatially overlapping.
How to define failure of intradetrusor injections of botulinum toxin A for neurogenic detrusor overactivity
Authors: Mailho Camille , Peyronnet Benoit , De Seze Marianne , Even Alexia , Perrouin‐Verbe Maire‐Aimée , Amarenco Gérard , Chartier‐Kastler Emmanuel , Le Normand Loic , Manunta Andrea , Karsenty Gilles , Kerdraon Jacques , Ruffion Alain , Saussine Christian , Le Breton Frédérique , Bernuz Benjamin , Castel‐Lacanal Evelyne , Denys Pierre , Phé Véronique , Gamé Xavier 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionNeurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) has a major impact on patients' quality of life and can lead to upper urinary tract complications. Intradetrusor botulinum toxin type A injections are administered as second‐line treatment to these patients following the failure of anticholinergic agents. The aim of the DETOX 2 study is to propose a consensus definition of the failure of intradetrusor botulinum toxin injections for NDO in patients presenting spinal cord injury, spina bifida, or multiple sclerosis (MS) with self‐catheterization.MethodThis study followed the method adopted by the French National Authority for Health for recommendations by consensus. Based on a review of the literature and a preliminary survey, a steering committee compiled a questionnaire and selected a rating group comprising 16 experts from the Neuro‐Urology Committee of the French Urology Association (cnuAFU) and Genulf. The experts were asked to complete the online questionnaire. At the end of the first round, all participants came together to discuss any disagreements and a second‐round online questionnaire was completed to reach a consensus.ResultsThirteen of the 16 experts approached completed both rounds of questionnaires. A strong consensus was reached for two proposals (median score = 9/10) which were therefore included in the definition from the first round: at least one repeat injection of the same botulinum toxin at the same dose must be given to rule out failure on technical grounds and a duration of efficacy <3 months must be considered a failure. At the end of round 2, a relative consensus was reached regarding the clinical criterion defining failure (median score = 7/10) and the urodynamic criterion of failure (median score = 8/10). An additional proposal was selected during this second round on the need for a voiding diary (median score = 8/10).ConclusionThe first consensus definition of failure of an intradetrusor injection of TB‐A for NDO has been achieved with this study: persistence of detrusor overactivity with maximum detrusor pressures >40 cm H2O and/or a compliance issue and/or persistence of urinary incontinence and/or urgency and/or a number of daily self‐catheterizations >8/day and/or efficacy <3 months. This study will help to standardize research on the failure of the intradetrusor botulinum toxin for NDO in clinical practice and clinical research.
Black women's perspectives on bladder health: Social‐ecological and life course contexts
Authors: Williams Beverly R. , Brady Sonya S. , Levin Elise C. , Brown Oluwateniola , Lipman Terri H. , Klusaritz Heather , Nodora Jesse , Coyne‐Beasley Tamera , Putnam Sara , Gahagan Sheila , Burgio Kathryn L. ,   The Prevention of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (PLUS) Research Consortium
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsThis paper explores Black women's perspectives on bladder health using a social‐ecological conceptual framework and life course perspective.MethodsWe conducted a directed content analysis of data from the Study of Habits, Attitudes, Realities, and Experiences (SHARE), a focus group study by the Prevention of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (PLUS) Research Consortium. Analysis was conducted on data from five focus groups and a member‐checking session where all participants self‐identified as Black or African American.ResultsForty‐two participants aged 11–14 or 45+ years reported life course experiences with their bladder. The intersection of race and gender was the lens through which participants viewed bladder health. Participants' accounts of their perspectives on bladder health explicitly and implicitly revealed structural racism as an explanatory overarching theme. Participants described (a) historically‐rooted and still pervasive practices of discrimination and segregation, engendering inequitable access to quality medical care and public facilities, (b) institutional barriers to toileting autonomy in educational and occupational settings, promoting unhealthy voiding habits, (c) internalized expectations of Black women's stereotyped role as family caregiver, compromising caregiver health, (d) lack of reliable information on bladder health, leading to unhealthy bladder behaviors, and (e) potentially stress‐related comorbid chronic conditions and associated medication use, causing or exacerbating bladder problems.ConclusionsBladder health promotion interventions should address social‐ecological and life course factors shaping Black women's bladder health, including social and structural barriers to accessing equitable health information and medical care.
Conformity of ChatGPT recommendations with the AUA/SUFU guideline on postprostatectomy urinary incontinence
Authors: Pinto Vicktor B. P. , de Azevedo Matheus F. , Wroclawski Marcelo L. , Gentile Guilherme , Jesus Vinicius L. M. , de Bessa Junior Jose , Nahas William C. , Sacomani Carlos A. R. , Sandhu Jaspreet S. , Gomes Cristiano M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionArtificial intelligence (AI) shows immense potential in medicine and Chat generative pretrained transformer (ChatGPT) has been used for different purposes in the field. However, it may not match the complexity and nuance of certain medical scenarios. This study evaluates the accuracy of ChatGPT 3.5 and 4 in providing recommendations regarding the management of postprostatectomy urinary incontinence (PPUI), considering The Incontinence After Prostate Treatment: AUA/SUFU Guideline as the best practice benchmark.Materials and MethodsA set of questions based on the AUA/SUFU Guideline was prepared. Queries included 10 conceptual questions and 10 case‐based questions. All questions were open and entered into the ChatGPT with a recommendation to limit the answer to 200 words, for greater objectivity. Responses were graded as correct (1 point); partially correct (0.5 point), or incorrect (0 point). Performances of versions 3.5 and 4 of ChatGPT were analyzed overall and separately for the conceptual and the case‐based questions.ResultsChatGPT 3.5 scored 11.5 out of 20 points (57.5% accuracy), while ChatGPT 4 scored 18 (90.0%; p = 0.031). In the conceptual questions, ChatGPT 3.5 provided accurate answers to six questions along with one partially correct response and three incorrect answers, with a final score of 6.5. In contrast, ChatGPT 4 provided correct answers to eight questions and partially correct answers to two questions, scoring 9.0. In the case‐based questions, ChatGPT 3.5 scored 5.0, while ChatGPT 4 scored 9.0. The domains where ChatGPT performed worst were evaluation, treatment options, surgical complications, and special situations.ConclusionChatGPT 4 demonstrated superior performance compared to ChatGPT 3.5 in providing recommendations for the management of PPUI, using the AUA/SUFU Guideline as a benchmark. Continuous monitoring is essential for evaluating the development and precision of AI‐generated medical information.