bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social inequities in food deserts and food swamps in a northeastern Brazilian capital
Authors: Lima da Silva Jennyffer Mayara , Oliveira Juliana Souza , Casagrande Borges Daniely , Honório Olívia Souza , Mendes Larissa Loures , Canuto Raquel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study identified food deserts and swamps, investigating their associations with socioeconomic and demographic conditions. This ecological study was conducted using data from urban census tracts in the city of Recife, which were considered the unit of analysis. Information on food retail was obtained from government sources in 2019. Census tracts below the 25th percentile in the density of healthy food retail (i.e., those that predominantly sell natural or minimally processed foods, mixed businesses, and super- and hypermarkets) were classified as food deserts. Census tracts above the 25th percentile in the density of unhealthy food retail (i.e., those selling primarily ultra-processed foods) were considered food swamps. The socioeconomic and demographic conditions of the census tracts were evaluated using variables from the 2010 census (per capita income, average income, race, literacy of the head of household, and the availability of essential services) and the Health Vulnerability Index. Census tracts considered food deserts (28.5%) were more vulnerable, characterized by lower income and access to essential services, more illiterate residents and more minorities (Black/Indigenous/mixed race). Food swamps (73.47%) were more prevalent in less vulnerable neighbourhoods characterized by higher percentages of literate residents and Whites, greater purchasing power, and better basic sanitation. The characteristics of Recife’s food deserts and swamps demonstrate social inequalities in the food environment. Public facilities could play a vital role in promoting healthy eating within food deserts. Additionally, future implementation of taxes on ultra-processed foods and the provision of tax subsidies to natural or minimally processed food sellers might contribute to fostering healthier dietary choices.
The Asymmetrical Stop Inventory of Witzapan Nawat
Authors: Salgado Hugo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe stop inventory of Witzapan Nawat, a critically endangered indigenous language of El Salvador, has been traditionally described as consisting only of a voiceless series /p t k kw/. In this paper, I measure the voice onset time, consonant duration, and percent voicing in stops produced by five L1 Witzapan Nawat speakers. I find that, while /p t kw/ have acoustic characteristics of voiceless stops in practically all contexts, the velar stop in this language is better analyzed as a voiced velar stop /ɡ/ rather than /k/. This results in an asymmetrical and unusual stop system that is not predicted by some theories of phonemic inventory structure. For instance, markedness-based theories propose that /ɡ/ is more marked that /b d/ and predict that, if a language has one voiced stop, it would be /b/ or /d/ rather than /ɡ/. On the other hand, feature-systemic models predict that, if a language has a stop with the [+voice] feature at a given place of articulation, it will also tend to have this feature in stops at other points of articulation to maximize feature economy. The phonemic inventory of Witzapan Nawat contradicts these predictions. I explain the asymmetrical stop inventory of this language as the result of diachronic developments involving sound change and analogy, concluding that language change does not necessarily advance towards symmetry and that phonemic inventories are the reflection of their diachrony, as proposed by Evolutionary Phonology.
Market–community collaborative wildlife management in Malawi: subjectivities and shifting configurations of protests and celebrations
Authors: Zuka Sane Pashane , Zuka Brenda Kanyika 
Published: February 2024

SummaryAlthough wildlife management models across the world have since the early 1980s shifted from top-down fortress conservation to different labels of people-friendly community-based conservation, their outcomes remain contested. This paper explores how, and in whose interests, approaches to wildlife conservation in Malawi have been reconfigured from fortress conservation to market–community collaborative management. Based on qualitative field data, we demonstrate how varying levels of community participation in the processes of wildlife conservation transformed the identities and interests of powerful groups of people regarding wildlife conservation in the Majete Wildlife Reserve. We highlight how commodification and monetarization of wildlife conservation served the interests of the emergent powerful groups whilst marginalizing those of the weak. The work indicates how new community identities with regard to wildlife conservation mask the power hegemonies that dictate mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion regarding natural resource use.
Examination of protective factors that promote prosocial skill development among children exposed to intimate partner violence
Authors: Holmes Megan R. , Bender Anna E. , Yoon Susan , Berg Kristen A. , Duda-Banwar Janelle , Chen Yafan , Evans Kylie E. , Korsch-Williams Amy , Perzynski Adam T. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis retrospective cohort study examined prosocial skills development in child welfare-involved children, how intimate partner violence (IPV) exposure explained heterogeneity in children’s trajectories of prosocial skill development, and the degree to which protective factors across children’s ecologies promoted prosocial skill development. Data were from 1,678 children from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-being I, collected between 1999 and 2007. Cohort-sequential growth mixture models were estimated to identify patterns of prosocial skill development between the ages of 3 to 10 years. Four diverse pathways were identified, including two groups that started high (high subtle-decreasing; high decreasing-to-increasing) and two groups that started low (low stable; low increasing-to-decreasing). Children with prior history of child welfare involvement, preschool-age IPV exposure, school-age IPV exposure, or family income below the federal poverty level had higher odds of being in the high decreasing-to-increasing group compared with the high subtle-decreasing group. Children with a mother with greater than high school education or higher maternal responsiveness had higher odds of being in the low increasing-to-decreasing group compared with the low stable group. The importance of maternal responsiveness in fostering prosocial skill development underlines the need for further assessment and intervention. Recommendations for clinical assessment and parenting programs are provided.
Person-centered methods to advance developmental psychopathology
Authors: Handley Elizabeth D. , Duprey Erinn B. , Russotti Justin , Levin Rachel Y. , Warmingham Jennifer M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDante Cicchetti’s remarkable contributions to the field of developmental psychopathology include the advancement of key principles such as the interplay of typical and atypical development, multifinality and equifinality, the dynamic processes of resilience, and the integration of multiple levels of analysis into developmental theories. In this paper we assert that person-centered data analytic methods are particularly well-suited to advancing these tenets of developmental psychopathology. We illustrate their utility with a brief novel empirical study focused on underlying patterns of childhood neuroendocrine regulation and prospective links with emerging adult functioning. Results indicate that a childhood neuroendocrine profile marked by high diurnal cortisol paired with low diurnal DHEA was uniquely associated with more adaptive functioning in emerging adulthood. We discuss these findings, and person-centered methods more broadly, within the future of developmental psychopathology.
ARROW’S THEOREM, ULTRAFILTERS, AND REVERSE MATHEMATICS
Authors: EASTAUGH BENEDICT 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper initiates the reverse mathematics of social choice theory, studying Arrow’s impossibility theorem and related results including Fishburn’s possibility theorem and the Kirman–Sondermann theorem within the framework of reverse mathematics. We formalise fundamental notions of social choice theory in second-order arithmetic, yielding a definition of countable society which is tractable in

${\mathsf {RCA}}_0$

. We then show that the Kirman–Sondermann analysis of social welfare functions can be carried out in

${\mathsf {RCA}}_0$

. This approach yields a proof of Arrow’s theorem in

${\mathsf {RCA}}_0$

, and thus in

$\mathrm {PRA}$

, since Arrow’s theorem can be formalised as a

$\Pi ^0_1$

sentence. Finally we show that Fishburn’s possibility theorem for countable societies is equivalent to

${\mathsf {ACA}}_0$

over

${\mathsf {RCA}}_0$

.
Hydroclimatic Vulnerability of Wetlands to Upwind Land Use Changes
Authors: Fahrländer Simon Felix , Wang‐Erlandsson Lan , Pranindita Agnes , Jaramillo Fernando 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDespite their importance, wetland ecosystems protected by the Ramsar Convention are under pressure from climate change and human activities. These drivers are altering water availability in these wetlands, changing water levels or surface water extent, in some cases, beyond historical variability. Attribution of the effects of human and climate activities is usually focused on changes within the wetlands or their upstream surface and groundwater inputs. However, the reliance of wetland water availability on upwind atmospheric moisture supply is less understood. Here, we assess the vulnerability of 40 Ramsar wetlands to precipitation changes caused by land use and hydroclimatic change occurring in their upwind moisture‐supplying regions. We use moisture flows from a Lagrangian tracking model, atmospheric reanalysis data, and historical land use change (LUC) data to assess and quantify these changes. Our analyses show that historical LUC has decreased precipitation and terrestrial moisture recycling in most wetland hydrological basins, decreasing surface water availability (precipitation minus evaporation). The most substantial effects on wetland water availability occurred in the tropic subtropical regions of Central Europe and Asia. Overall, we found wetlands in Central Asia and South America to be the most vulnerable by a combination of LUC‐driven effects on runoff, high terrestrial precipitation recycling, and recent decreases in surface water availability. This study stresses the need to incorporate upwind effects of land use changes in the restoration, management, and conservation of the world's wetlands.
Unlocking the Mystery of Aerosol Phase Transitions Governed by Relative Humidity History Through an Advanced Outdoor Nephelometer System
Authors: Qiao Hongqin , Kuang Ye , Yuan Fengling , Liu Li , Zhai Miaomiao , Xu Hanbing , Zou Yu , Deng Tao , Deng Xuejiao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study introduces an innovative outdoor nephelometer system designed to monitor the dynamic hygroscopic behavior of aerosols in ambient air. Field measurements conducted in the Pearl River Delta region of China unveil significant roles of relative humidity (RH) swings on aerosol phase states. Highlighting the occurrence of aerosol crystallization in the afternoon followed by gradual deliquescence as RH increases, particularly when minimum afternoon RH drops below 35%, with no such behavior observed when it exceeds 40%. Emphasizing that aerosol phase states are shaped not only by RH and chemical composition but also by their RH history, illustrating that RH levels of 70% in the morning or evening may correspond to fully dissolved metastable or partially dissolved metastable states of ambient aerosols. These findings underscore the need to account for RH history when predicting aerosol phase states and have broader implications for comprehending aerosol behavior and its atmospheric impacts.
High‐Resolution Imaging of the Alaska‐Aleutian Megathrust Using P‐to‐S Mode Conversions From Local In‐Slab Earthquakes
Authors: Daly Kiara A. , Abers Geoffrey A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe top of the subducting plate is a thick, complex zone where the heterogeneous structure likely controls earthquake rupture processes. Imaging this heterogeneous channel typically involves active‐source methods with limited depth penetration, or low‐resolution teleseismic methods. To access short wavelengths at greater depth, we use high‐frequency P‐to‐S (PS, 1–15 Hz) mode‐converted arrivals from nearby earthquakes >50 km deep to image the plate interface at vertical scales <1 km. We use 37 broadband stations in southcentral Alaska between 2007 and 2008 at 10–15 km spacing, spanning the great 1964 earthquake rupture zone and adjacent deeper slow slip and tremor regions. The central 21 stations record high‐amplitude PS arrivals converting from the megathrust region, at depths corresponding to the top of a prominent low‐velocity zone (LVZ) in receiver function images. The PS/P amplitude ratio (APS_P) varies along strike and with depth of the conversion point but is independent of earthquake location and varies slowly between adjacent stations. APS_P changes with slab depth, indicating changes in lithology or fluid content of the plate interface, consistent with transitions in slip behavior from locked to slow slip. High APS_P cannot be explained by a velocity step or a single low‐velocity, high Vp/Vs layer, but requires several alternating high and low‐velocity layers. These observations indicate that the LVZ is a highly heterogeneous channel at multiple scales, resembling a subduction channel or sheared zone of metasediment and altered crust as observed in many exhumed subduction zones.
Turbulent Diffusivity Profiles on the Shelf and Slope at the Southern Edge of the Canada Basin
Authors: Yee Ruby , Musgrave Ruth , Fine Elizabeth , Nash Jonathan , St. Laurent Louis , Pickart Robert 
Published: February 2024

AbstractVertical profiles of temperature microstructure at 95 stations were obtained over the Beaufort shelf and shelfbreak in the southern Canada Basin during a November 2018 research cruise. Two methods for estimating the dissipation rates of temperature variance and turbulent kinetic energy were compared using this data set. Both methods require fitting a theoretical spectrum to observed temperature gradient spectra, but differ in their assumptions. The two methods agree for calculations of the dissipation rate of temperature variance, but not for that of turbulent kinetic energy. After applying a rigorous data rejection framework, estimates of turbulent diffusivity and heat flux are made across different depth ranges. The turbulent diffusivity of temperature is typically enhanced by about one order of magnitude in profiles on the shelf compared to near the shelfbreak, and similarly near the shelfbreak compared to profiles with bottom depth >1,000 m. Depth bin means are shown to vary depending on the averaging method (geometric means tend to be smaller than arithmetic means and maximum likelihood estimates). The statistical distributions of heat flux within the surface, cold halocline, and Atlantic water layer change with depth. Heat fluxes are typically <1 Wm−2, but are greater than 50 Wm−2 in ∼8% of the overall data. These largest fluxes are located almost exclusively within the surface layer, where temperature gradients can be large.
Smoke with Induced Rotation and Lofting (SWIRL) Generated by the February 2009 Australian Black Saturday PyroCb Plume
Authors: Allen D. R. , Fromm M. D. , Kablick G. P. , Nedoluha G. E. , Peterson D. A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe discovery of smoke‐induced dynamical anomalies in the stratosphere associated with the 2019/2020 Australian New Year pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) super outbreak initiated a new field of study involving aerosol/weather anomalies. This paper documents the dynamical anomalies associated with the February 2009 Australian Black Saturday pyroCb outbreak. Positive potential vorticity anomalies (indicating anticyclonic rotation) with horizontal extent ∼1000 km and vertical thickness ∼2 km are associated with the plume, which we classify as a Smoke With Induced Rotation and Lofting (SWIRL). The SWIRL initially formed east of Australia, but then moved westward, crossing over Australia, and continuing to Africa. The SWIRL lasted for nearly three weeks (13 February–4 March), traveling ∼27,000 km and rising from potential temperatures of ∼410–500 K (altitudes ∼18–21 km). The altitude of the SWIRL is corroborated with coincident satellite‐based profiles of H2O, CO, HCN, O3, and aerosol extinction. A vertical temperature dipole (±3 K) accompanied the PV anomaly, as verified with coincident Global Navigation Satellite System radio occultation temperatures. The SWIRL dissipated as it passed over Africa. Operational ECMWF forecasts with early initialization (13 February) and late initialization (21 February) are examined. In the early case, the forecasted PV anomaly disappeared within 4 days, as expected due to lack of smoke heating in the forecast model. In the late case, while the forecasted PV anomaly was weaker than in the reanalyzes, a remnant anomaly remained out to 10 days.
County‐Level Evaluation of Large‐Scale Gridded Data Sets of Irrigated Area Over China
Authors: Tian Xin , Dong Jianzhi , Chen Xi , Zhou Jianhong , Gao Man , Wei Lingna , Kang Xiaoqi , Zhao Dexing , Zhang Huiwen , Crow Wade T. , Huang Richao , Shao Wei , Zhou Haoran 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe reliability of irrigated area (IA) information dominates the performance of irrigation water use and crop modeling accuracy. IA is typically mapped using Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) agricultural census and remote sensing indices. Recent advances in machine learning and sampling techniques further improve IA mapping. However, the relative performances of different IA mapping approaches and their capability in capturing long‐term IA temporal variability remain unknown. Here, 1861 county‐level IA information from Government Censored Data (GCD) during 2000–2021 are collected, cross‐validated, and employed to evaluate commonly used gridded IA data sets. Results show that IA data sets based on the direct interpolation of FAO agricultural census can accurately capture the spatial distribution of IA. However, FAO statistics are only available in a particular year, which cannot capture inter‐annual irrigation variations. In contrast, IA products solely based on vegetation indices are prone to positive biases over humid regions due to the lack of contrast in vegetation dynamics. Overall, the latest GCD‐based machine learning IA data sets are relatively more accurate, but they are also problematic in estimating IA trends due to the use of temporally static training samples. Such biases are tightly related to agricultural suitability (AS calculated using precipitation and potential evapotranspiration). This suggests that AS should be employed as an endogenous variable in future machine learning based IA mapping algorithms.
Environmental and Management Drivers of Carbon Dioxide and Methane Emissions From Actively‐Extracted Peatlands in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Hunter M. L. , Frei R. J. , Strachan I. B. , Strack M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe installation of drainage ditches and removal of vegetation in preparation for vacuum harvesting alters the carbon dynamics of peatlands. However, we lack the measurements to understand the spatial distribution and environmental and substrate quality controls of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions, as well as how these factors change over the 20–30 year extraction period. For three summers, we measured CO2 and CH4 emissions using the closed chamber method at three actively extracted peatlands near Drayton Valley, Alberta, ranging from 2 to 28 years since the start of extraction. Measurements were made in the ditches, and on segments of peat (fields) between adjacent ditches. Field emissions did not change with distance from ditches, likely due to the observed homogeneity of volumetric water content (VWC) and temperature across the fields. Understanding carbon dynamics in the ditches will be important, as they emitted on average two and 10 times, respectively, the amount of CO2 and CH4 per square meter of the fields. We found moderate to weak relationships between carbon emissions and soil temperature, VWC and ditch water level, though ditch emissions were significantly reduced when there was standing water present. Altering conventional site management, such as increasing ditch spacing, could substantially reduce CH4 emissions from the managed area. Emissions did not decrease with time since start of extraction. We suggest that Canadian emission factor calculations for land‐based emissions consider both peat quality variations among sites, and a site's extraction duration, which has been important in other studies.
Metabolic memory: mechanisms and diseases
Authors: Dong Hao , Sun Yuezhang , Nie Lulingxiao , Cui Aimin , Zhao Pengfei , Leung Wai Keung , Wang Qi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMetabolic diseases and their complications impose health and economic burdens worldwide. Evidence from past experimental studies and clinical trials suggests our body may have the ability to remember the past metabolic environment, such as hyperglycemia or hyperlipidemia, thus leading to chronic inflammatory disorders and other diseases even after the elimination of these metabolic environments. The long-term effects of that aberrant metabolism on the body have been summarized as metabolic memory and are found to assume a crucial role in states of health and disease. Multiple molecular mechanisms collectively participate in metabolic memory management, resulting in different cellular alterations as well as tissue and organ dysfunctions, culminating in disease progression and even affecting offspring. The elucidation and expansion of the concept of metabolic memory provides more comprehensive insight into pathogenic mechanisms underlying metabolic diseases and complications and promises to be a new target in disease detection and management. Here, we retrace the history of relevant research on metabolic memory and summarize its salient characteristics. We provide a detailed discussion of the mechanisms by which metabolic memory may be involved in disease development at molecular, cellular, and organ levels, with emphasis on the impact of epigenetic modulations. Finally, we present some of the pivotal findings arguing in favor of targeting metabolic memory to develop therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases and provide the latest reflections on the consequences of metabolic memory as well as their implications for human health and diseases.
CREB5 promotes the proliferation and self-renewal ability of glioma stem cells
Authors: Kim Hyun-Jin , Jeon Hye-Min , Batara Don Carlo , Lee Seongsoo , Lee Suk Jun , Yin Jinlong , Park Sang-Ik , Park Minha , Seo Jong Bae , Hwang Jinik , Oh Young Joon , Suh Sung-Suk , Kim Sung-Hak 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most fatal form of brain cancer in humans, with a dismal prognosis and a median overall survival rate of less than 15 months upon diagnosis. Glioma stem cells (GSCs), have recently been identified as key contributors in both tumor initiation and therapeutic resistance in GBM. Both public dataset analysis and direct differentiation experiments on GSCs have demonstrated that CREB5 is more highly expressed in undifferentiated GSCs than in differentiated GSCs. Additionally, gene silencing by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) of CREB5 has prevented the proliferation and self-renewal ability of GSCs in vitro and decreased their tumor forming ability in vivo. Meanwhile, RNA-sequencing, luciferase reporter assay, and ChIP assay have all demonstrated the closely association between CREB5 and OLIG2. These findings suggest that targeting CREB5 could be an effective approach to overcoming GSCs.