bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alterations in Barrett's‐related adenocarcinomas: A proteomic approach
Authors: Peng DunFa , Sheta Essam A. , Powell Steven M. , Moskaluk Christopher A. , Washington Kay , Goldknopf Ira L. , El‐Rifai Wael 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn this study, we applied high‐resolution, two‐dimensional, gel electrophoresis and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization, time‐of‐flight and tandem mass spectrometry analysis (MALDI TOF MS) to identify novel proteins that are involved in Barrett's tumorigenesis. We analyzed 12 primary tissue samples that included 8 Barrett's‐related adenocarcinomas (BA) and 4 normal mucosae samples. Twenty‐three spots were consistently altered (≥2‐fold) in at least half of the tumors when compared with all normal samples and thus subjected to further analysis. The MALDI TOF MS analysis demonstrated biologically interesting upregulated proteins such as ErbB3, Dr5 and Cyclin D1 as well as several members of the zinc finger proteins (Znf146, Znf212 and Znf363). Examples of downregulated proteins included Lgi1 and Klf6. We selected four proteins (ErbB3, Dr5, Znf146 and Lgi1) that are novel for BAs for validation using quantitative real‐time reverse‐transcription PCR on 39 BA tissue samples when compared with normal samples. We demonstrated mRNA upregulation of ERBB3 (51.3%), DR5 (41%) and ZNF146 (30.7%) and downregulation of LGI1 (100%) in BA. We have further validated the protein overexpression of ErbB3, Dr5 and Znf146, using immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis on a tissue microarray that contained 75 BAs and normal gastric and esophageal mucosae samples. BA tissue samples demonstrated overexpression of ErbB3 (42%), Dr5 (90%) and Znf146 (30%) when compared with normal tissues. In conclusion, we have identified and validated several novel proteins that are involved in Barrett's carcinogenesis. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comment on “Aromatic‐Backbone Interactions in Model α‐Helical Peptides” [Palermo et al., J Comput Chem 2007, 28, 1208]
Authors: Mourik Tanja Van 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPalermo et al. have recently published a method to correct for intramolecular basis set superposition errors (J Comput Chem 2007, 28, 1208) in intramolecular interactions occurring in peptides. By considering the intermolecular equivalent of this method, it is shown that the method presented by Palermo et al. underestimates the magnitude of the intramolecular BSSE. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2008
Spontaneous Three‐Layer Formation in the Curing of Polyimide/Epoxy Blends
Authors: Chen Fenghua , Wang Xin , Zhao Xiaojuan , Liu Jingang , Yang Shiyong , Han Charles C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMorphological structures of epoxy resin toughened by a fluorinated polyimide were observed by SEM. Three layers formed spontaneously parallel to the film surface in the range of polyimide weight fraction w = 0.14–0.20, when the samples were cured at 130 °C. The two outer layers consisted mostly of the epoxy‐rich phase. The middle layer consisted of bicontinuous domains of polyimide‐ and epoxy‐rich phases with a characteristic domain size much smaller than the outer layer thickness. At w = 0.10–0.13, aggregates of polyimide‐rich particles formed. Observation of the morphological development at w = 0.15 suggested that polyimide‐rich domains were distributed over the whole sample in the early period.magnified image
Mass spectrometric determination of insulins and their degradation products in sports drug testing
Authors: Thevis Mario , Thomas Andreas , Schänzer Wilhelm 
Published: November 2007

AbstractInsulins' anabolic and anti‐catabolic properties have supposedly led to its misuse in sport. Hence, doping control assays were developed to allow the unequivocal identification of synthetic insulin analogs and metabolic products derived from human insulin and its artificial counterparts in urine and plasma specimens. Analyses were based on immunoaffinity purification and subsequent characterization of target analytes by top‐down sequencing‐based approaches, which were conducted with hybrid tandem mass spectrometers that consisted of either quadrupole‐linear ion trap or linear ion trap‐orbitrap analyzers. Diagnostic product ions and analytical strategies are presented and discussed in light of the need to unambiguously identify misused drugs in urine and plasma specimens for doping control. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 27:35–50, 2008
Paradoxes of functional neurosurgery: Clues from basal ganglia recordings
Authors: Brown Peter , Eusebio Alexandre 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDeep brain stimulation (DBS) can be remarkably effective in treating movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, dystonia, and essential tremor. Yet these effects remain essentially unexplained, even paradoxical. Equally challenging is the fact that DBS of motor targets in the basal ganglia appears to reverse abnormalities of movement without any obvious deleterious effects on remaining aspects of movement. Here, we explore the extent to which the noisy signal hypothesis might help solve some of these apparent paradoxes. Essentially the hypothesis, first tentatively advanced by Marsden and Obeso (1994), suggests that disease leads to a pattern of basal ganglia activity that disrupts local and distant function and that surgery acts to suppress or override this noisy signal. Critical to the success this theory is that different disease phenotypes are associated with different patterns of noisy signal, and we survey the evidence to support this contention, with specific emphasis on different types of pathological synchronization. However, just as DBS may suppress or override noisy signals in the basal ganglia, it must equally antagonize any remaining physiological functioning in these key motor structures. We argue that the latter effect of DBS becomes manifest when baseline motor performance is relatively preserved, i.e., when pathological activity is limited. Under these circumstances, the deleterious effects of DBS are no longer obscured by its therapeutic actions in suppressing noisy signals. Whether true, oversimplified or simply incorrect, the noisy signal hypothesis has served to focus attention on the detailed character of basal ganglia discharge and its variation with disease and therapy. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Improved gait parameters after robotic‐assisted locomotor treadmill therapy in a 6‐year‐old child with cerebral palsy
Authors: Borggraefe Ingo , Meyer‐Heim Andreas , Kumar Anita , Schaefer Jan Simon , Berweck Steffen , Heinen Florian 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTask‐specific body‐weight‐supported treadmill therapy improves walking performance in children with central gait impairment. Modulation of spinal networks and improvement of muscle energy consumption are thought to contribute to this effect. Robotic‐assisted treadmill therapy enabled by a driven gait orthosis (DGO) has been established for adults and shown to provide significant improvements in individuals with spinal cord injury and stroke. Recently a pediatric DGO has been developed. Here, we report the results of a 3‐week trial of robotic‐assisted treadmill therapy of a 6‐year‐old boy with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy. The boy tolerated the trial very well and showed improved function, speed, and endurance of walking. Introducing methods of robotic medicine to pediatrics may help children with central gait impairment to regain motor function. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Microstructural white matter changes in primary torsion dystonia
Authors: Carbon Maren , Kingsley Peter B. , Tang Chengke , Bressman Susan , Eidelberg David 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPrimary torsion dystonia (PTD) has been conceptualized as a disorder of the basal ganglia. However, recent data suggest a widespread pathology involving motor control pathways. In this report, we explored whether PTD is associated with abnormal anatomical connectivity within motor control pathways. We used diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT‐MRI) to assess the microstructure of white matter. We found that fractional anisotropy, a measure of axonal integrity and coherence, was significantly reduced in PTD patients in the pontine brainstem in the vicinity of the left superior cerebellar peduncle and bilaterally in the white matter of the sensorimotor region. Our data thus support the possibility of a disturbance in cerebello‐thalamo‐cortical pathways as a cause of the clinical manifestations of PTD. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Comparative electrophysiological study of response to botulinum toxin type B in Japanese and Caucasians
Authors: Arimura Kimiyoshi , Arimura Yumiko , Takata Yoshiharu , Nakamura Tomonori , Kaji Ryuji 
Published: November 2007

AbstractEthnic differences in the muscle‐relaxing effect of botulinum toxin type B (BTX‐B) were examined by means of electrophysiological measurements in Japanese and Caucasian volunteers. This was a randomized, single‐blinded, single‐center study of 24 Japanese and 24 Caucasian healthy adult male subjects in Japan. BTX‐B (20 U, 100 U, or 500 U/0.2 mL) or placebo was administered to the extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) muscle in the left lower limb as a single dose (in each dose group, 6 subjects received the test drug and two received placebo). The inhibitory effect of BTX‐B on the M wave amplitude of EDB muscle generated by stimulation of the deep peroneal nerve was measured frequently during 2 weeks after administration, and then at weeks 4 (day 28) and 12 (day 84). The inhibitory effect of BTX‐B on the M wave amplitude of EDB muscle was dose‐dependent in both Japanese and Caucasian subjects, and the dose‐response curves were similar. These findings demonstrate that the muscle‐relaxing effect of BTX‐B in Japanese subjects is electrophysiologically similar to that in Caucasians. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Botulinum neurotoxin type A injections reduce spasticity in mild to moderate hereditary spastic paraplegia— Report of 19 cases
Authors: Hecht Martin J. , Stolze Henning , Auf Dem Brinke Matthias , Giess Ralf , Treig Thoams , Winterholler Martin , Wissel Jörg ,   German Spasticity Education Group
Published: November 2007

AbstractHereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is characterized by lower extremity spasticity. Symptomatic therapy generally includes physical therapy and oral antispastic agents, in selected cases intrathecal baclofen. Because of the positive results in other treatments of spasticity, the use of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT‐A) might also be considered for patients with HSP. We report the effect of BoNT‐A injections in 19 unselected patients with HSP treated by the members of the German Spasticity Education Group. In 17 patients, the modified Ashworth scale had improved by one point. In one patient, it improved by three points. Most of the patients reported reduction of spasticity. BoNT‐A injections were continued in 11 of 19 patients (57.9%). All of the patients with continued injections had a good or very good global subjective improvement. Patients with less pronounced spasticity and patients with accompanying physical therapy tended to exhibit a better effect. Only four patients reported adverse effects which were increased weakness in three patients and pain in one patient. BoNT‐A injections appear to reduce spasticity effectively and safely, especially in patients with mild to moderate spasticity. The preliminary results of our case series should encourage larger studies of BoNT‐A injections in HSP. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Population‐based case–control study of cigarette smoking and essential tremor
Authors: Benito‐León Julián , Louis Elan D. , Bermejo‐Pareja Félix ,   Neurological Disorders in Central Spain (NEDICES) Study Group
Published: November 2007

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is inversely associated with smoking cigarettes. Despite long‐standing clinical links between PD and essential tremor (ET), there are surprisingly few data on smoking in ET. We studied whether smoking cigarettes is inversely associated with ET. Using a population‐based, case–control design, cigarette smoking habits were assessed in 221 prevalent ET cases (75.5 ± 7.1 years old) and 663 matched controls (74.6 ± 7.0 years old). In logistical regression analyses, diagnosis (ET vs. control) was the dependent variable, and cigarette smoking status, the independent variable. Ever smokers were marginally less likely to have ET than were never smokers (22.0% vs. 27.0%, odds ratio [OR] 0.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.55–1.04, P = 0.09). In an analysis that adjusted for confounding factors (drink‐years and depressive symptoms), ever smokers were nearly half less likely to have ET than the never smokers (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.40–0.84, P = 0.004). There was a strong inverse association between pack‐years and odds of ET (adjusted OR 0.991, 95% CI 0.984–0.997, P = 0.005, i.e., with every 10 pack‐year increase, odds of ET were lowered 10%). Ever smokers in the highest pack‐year tertile were one‐third as likely to have ET than the never smokers (adjusted OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.22–0.69, P = 0.001). We demonstrated an inverse association between ever smoking and ET. Additional studies are needed to reproduce these findings and assess whether this association is due to a biologically protective effect. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Mirror movements in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Ottaviani Donatella , Tiple Dorina , Suppa Antonio , Colosimo Carlo , Fabbrini Giovanni , Cincotta Massimo , Defazio Giovanni , Berardelli Alfredo 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMirror movements (MM) refer to ipsilateral involuntary movements that appear during voluntary activity in contralateral homologous body regions. This study aimed to compare the frequency and distribution of MM in an unselected sample of 274 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and 100 healthy subjects, and to check a possible relationship between MM and parkinsonian features. MM of the hand were scored according to the Woods and Teuber scale. The frequency of MM was lower in PD patients than in healthy subjects (29% vs. 71%, P < 0.0001). The distribution of MM also differed in the two groups being often bilateral in healthy subjects, invariably unilateral in PD patients. When parkinsonian signs were unilateral, MM always manifested on the unaffected side; when parkinsonian signs were bilateral, MM manifested on the less affected side. PD patients manifesting MM scored significantly lower on Hohen and Yahr staging than patients without MM. Likewise, there was a significant inverse correlation between the intensity of MM as rated by the Woods and Teuber score and HY staging (r = −0.16, P < 0.01). The low frequency of MM in PD probably relates to the complex interactions between the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to parkinsonian signs and the mechanisms responsible for movement lateralization. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Action‐induced clonus mimicking tremor
Authors: Fraix Valérie , Delalande Isabelle , Parrache Marianne , Derambure Philippe , Cassim François 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAction tremor has been described in cerebellar, task‐specific, dystonic, or Holmes tremor. We report 2 patients who developed unilateral kinetic or isometric action tremor of the upper extremity, following cervical spondylotic myelopathy and capsular ischemic stroke. Slight motor weakness and spasticity with exaggerated tendon jerks and passive stretch‐induced clonus were present on the same limb. The central motor pathways lesions might have been responsible for a hyperexcitability of the stretch‐reflex arc and an enhancement of the coactivation of skeletal muscles through a loss of the descending or segmental control of the spinal reflexes. The unusual topography of the symptoms, their occurrence during motion, and the similar frequency of the passive clonus and the action tremor, led us to hypothesize that both patients had prolonged action‐induced clonus, mimicking action tremor. Lesions of the central motor pathways lesions might be responsible for action tremor under certain conditions © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Paroxysmal dyskinesias in mice
Authors: Shirley Thomas L. , Rao Lekha M. , Hess Ellen J. , Jinnah H. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAnimal models of human disease are important tools for revealing the underlying mechanisms of pathophysiology and developing therapeutic strategies. Several unique mouse calcium channel mutants have been identified with nonepileptic, episodic dyskinetic movements that are phenotypically similar to human paroxysmal dyskinesias. In this report, video demonstrations of these motor attacks are provided for two previously described mouse mutants, tottering and lethargic, as well as a new one, rocker. Semiquantitative comparisons using two different rating scales reveal differences in attack morphology, severity, and duration among the strains. These mice provide three independent models of paroxysmal dyskinesia and support for prior proposals that channelopathies may underlie the human disorders. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
The G2019S LRRK2 mutation in Brazilian patients with Parkinson's disease: Phenotype in monozygotic twins
Authors: Munhoz Renato P. , Wakutani Yosuke , Marras Connie , Teive Helio A. , Raskin Salmo , Werneck Lineu C. , Moreno Danielle , Sato Christine , Lang Anthony E. , Rogaeva Ekaterina 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMutations in the Leucine‐Rich Repeat Kinase 2 gene (LRRK2) are mainly responsible for idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) with either a dominant pattern of transmission or a sporadic occurrence due to the reduced penetrance. A majority of LRRK2 kindreds demonstrate an extremely variable age‐at‐onset in affected members of the same family. The G2019S is the most common LRRK2 mutation, which accounts for 1–5% PD patients in North America, and up to 40% of patients from an isolated Arab population. We assessed the frequency of the G2019S mutation in 83 Brazilian PD patients originally preselected for having an early age‐at‐onset (<50 years) and/or a positive family history. The mutation was detected in three probands (3.5%). Our clinical findings in these kindreds include the first description of the phenotype in identical twins discordant for handedness (a general phenomenon found in ∼25% monozygotic twins). However, both twins developed right asymmetric PD. The clinical presentation of twins was strikingly similar including an identical PD onset at age 60. This observation may suggest that genetic factors predominantly determine age‐at‐onset. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Modeling of granular bed‐stone column‐improved soft soil
Authors: Deb Kousik 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe present study pertains to the development of a mechanical model for predicting the behavior of granular bed‐stone column‐reinforced soft ground. The granular layer that has been placed over the stone column‐reinforced soft soil has been idealized by the Pasternak shear layer. The saturated soft soil has been idealized by the Kelvin–Voigt model to represent its time‐dependent behavior and the stone columns are idealized by stiffer Winkler springs. The nonlinear behavior of the granular fill has been incorporated in this study by assuming a hyperbolic variation of shear stress with shear strain as in one reported literature. Similarly, for soft soil it has also been assumed that load‐settlement variation is hyperbolic in nature. The effect of consolidation of the soft soil due to inclusion of the stone columns has also been included in the model. Plane‐strain conditions are considered for the loading and foundation soil system. The numerical solutions are obtained by a finite difference scheme and the results are presented in a non‐dimensional form. Parametric studies for a uniformly loaded strip footing have been carried out to show the effects of various parameters on the total as well as differential settlement and stress concentration ratio. It has been observed that the presence of granular bed on the top of the stone columns helps to transfer stress from soil to stone columns and reduces maximum as well as differential settlement. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Erratum
Authors: Gard Gunvor , Tibaek Sigrid 
Published: November 2007

AbstractGunvor Gard and Sigrid Tibaek want it to be known that in the following two publications Sigrid Tibaek has an affiliation to both Department of Geriatrics and Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark and Department of Health Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Transient parvovirus‐associated hypoplasia of multiple peripheral blood cell lines in children with chronic hemolytic anemia
Authors: Cauff Brian E. , Quinn Charles T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHuman parvovirus infection typically causes transient red blood cell aplasia. However, contrary to common perceptions, the hematopathologic effects of parvovirus infection are not always limited to the erythroid lineage. We describe here a consecutive series of 17 patients with chronic hemolytic anemia hospitalized for aplastic crisis, of whom 13 had transient hypoplasia of multiple peripheral blood cell lines. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;50:861–864. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MIA‐QSAR as an Alternative Approach for Modeling Some Antifungals
Authors: Freitas Matheus P. , Rittner Roberto 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA congeneric series of 18 antifungal compounds has been modeled using the Multivariate Image Analysis applied to Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship (MIA‐QSAR) method, in which descriptors are pixels with non‐zero variance among the 2D molecular structures. Calibration was carried out using PLS and an R2 of 0.956 was obtained for five latent variables. The predictive ability of the model was tested through leave‐one‐out cross‐validation, giving a Q$\rm{ _{CV}^2 }$ of 0.621 after removing two outliers. The model showed to be robust and the results compared reasonably well with a previous biparametric approach, having the potential of be used as an alternative and powerful QSAR approach to model novel actives.
QSPR Prediction of pKa for Benzoic Acids in Different Solvents
Authors: Jover Jesús , Bosque Ramón , Sales Joaquim 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA Computational Neural Network (CNN) derived model is proposed for the pKa prediction of benzoic acids in different solvents. The system studied contains 519 pKa values corresponding to 136 benzoic acids determined in water and in 8 organic solvents. The benzoic acids were described by the usual molecular descriptors and the solvents by a number of physical properties and by several parameters of the most widely used polarity solvent scales. The model is composed of seven descriptors – five of them corresponding to the solute and the other two to the solvents – and was validated by an external prediction set. The three sets of values needed in the analysis, training, prediction, and cross‐validation, have the same squared correlation coefficient (0.998) and Root‐Mean Square Error (RMSE) (0.21) values. The robustness of the model is also given for the statistical results for small subsets, such as ortho‐ and non‐ortho‐substituted acids, those obtained in protic or aprotic solvents, those obtained in each solvent, and even those for the set of pKa values of one specific acid in several solvents. The descriptors encode information about the chemical nature of the solutes and the solvents that is clearly related to the interactions present in the dissociation process in solution. The derived model also has the ability to predict pKa values of a larger set of aromatic neutral acids, containing both phenols and benzoic acids.