bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified anatrophic partial nephrectomy with selective renal segmental artery clamping to preserve renal function: A preliminary report
Authors: Nohara Takahiro , Fujita Hiroshi , Yamamoto Kenrou , Kitagawa Yasuhide , Gabata Toshifumi , Namiki Mikio 
Published: September 2008

Objectives:  Partial nephrectomy is effective for preserving renal function, but temporary clamping of the renal artery for hemorrhagic control may impair renal function due to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Anatrophic partial nephrectomy (APNx) has been proposed to minimize renal ischemia/reperfusion injury by clamping only the feeding artery. We aimed to evaluate whether anatrophic partial nephrectomy (APNx) is useful in preserving renal function and to assess variations in renal artery anatomy to determine the feasibility of selective segmental artery clamping.Methods:  We performed preoperative renal angiography to evaluate the utility of APNx. Perioperative changes in renal function were compared between the APNx group and a standard partial nephrectomy group.Results:  APNx was successful in 18 patients. The mean lengths of the feeding artery on preoperative angiography were 20.5 and 6 mm for successful and unsuccessful cases, respectively. It was not difficult to clamp the feeding artery in 16 patients with lengths >10 mm or with multiple renal arteries. Evaluation of renovascular variations on 116 renal angiograms indicated that APNx was feasible for 60% and 40% on the right and left sides, respectively. The short‐term increase in the serum creatinine level was significantly smaller after APNx than it was after standard partial nephrectomy.Conclusions:  APNx minimizes ischemic/reperfusion injury and preserves renal function while achieving hemorrhage control. As it can be performed safely in about 50% of cases, it may be the option for patients with renal impairment or a solitary kidney.
Does laparoscopic cystectomy and cauterization of endometriomas greater than 3 cm diminish ovarian response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation during IVF‐ET? A case–control study
Authors: Kahyaoglu Serkan , Ertas Egemen , Kahyaoglu Inci , Mollamahmutoglu Leyla , Batioglu Sertac 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAims:  The objective of this study is to evaluate the in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer results of patients with endometriomas pretreated with laparoscopic cystectomy and cauterization compared with age‐matched tubal infertility patients.Methods:  Records of the in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer unit have been retrospectively reviewed from September 2000 to September 2004. Twenty‐two patients who underwent surgery for endometriomas and participated in an in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer procedure, were detected and age‐matched with 22 tubal factor infertility patients.Results:  Higher follicle numbers greater than 14 mm in size were achieved in the tubal infertility group than the endometriosis group. Duration of hyperstimulation, number of ampoules used, good quality embryos, transferred embryos and fertilization rates were similar in each group. Clinical pregnancy rates per cycle, determined as fetal heart beat demonstration on sonography, were 45% and 36% for the endometrioma group and the tubal infertility group respectively.Conclusions:  Laparoscopic cystectomy and cauterization for ovarian endometriomas decreases ovarian follicle reserve and does not impede pregnancy rate per cycle during in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer procedure.
Carbetocin versus syntometrine in prevention of post‐partum hemorrhage following vaginal delivery
Authors: Nirmala Kampan , Zainuddin Ani Amelia , Ghani Nur Azurah Abdul , Zulkifli Syed , Jamil Mohd Abdul 
Published: September 2008

AbstractObjective:  To compare the efficacy of a single dose of 100 µg intramuscular carbetocin to a single dose of intramuscular syntometrine (0.5 mg ergometrine and 5IU oxytocin), in preventing post‐partum hemorrhage (PPH) in high risk patients following vaginal delivery.Methods:  A prospective, randomized controlled study was conducted in a tertiary hospital where 120 pregnant women with risk factors for PPH who delivered vaginally were randomized into two groups: the study group where 100 µg intramuscular carbetocin was administered and the control group, who received intramuscular syntometrine. Outcome measures compared included changes in vital signs, amount of intrapartum blood loss, uterine fundal position, addition of another oxytocic agent, side‐effects of the drugs, amount of lochia and hemoglobin drop after 24 hours post‐partum. Incidence of PPH or other adverse events were also compared.Results:  There were no significant differences in terms of requirement for additional oxytocic agents, time interval to well contracted uterus, blood transfusion requirements, adverse effects or complications. There was a significantly lower mean estimated blood loss in the carbetocin group compared to the syntometrine group (244 ± 114 mL vs 343 ± 143 mL, 95% CI 52–146 mL). There was also a significantly reduced drop in hemoglobin in the carbetocin group compared to the syntometrine group (0.3 ± 0.2 g/dL vs 0.4 ± 0.2 g/dL, 95% CI 0.1–0.2 g/dL).Conclusion:  Intramuscular carbetocin may be more effective than intramuscular syntometrine in reducing post‐partum blood loss and the drop in hemoglobin level.
Feasibility and efficacy of laparoscopic management of ovarian cancer
Authors: Jung Un Suk , Lee Jung Hun , Kyung Min Sun , Choi Joong Sub 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAims:  The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of laparoscopically‐assisted staging surgery for ovarian cancer.Methods:  Twenty four patients were evaluated. Among them, nineteen underwent initial laparoscopic staging surgery and five patients who were incompletely staged by other institutions underwent complete restaging surgery. The procedure included pelvic lymphadenectomy, paraaortic lymphadenectomy, multiple biopsies, washing cytology, infracolic omentectomy, and appendectomy. Laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy were performed on all patients except one. Parameters such as tumor diameter, operating time, estimated blood loss, length of hospital stay, number of harvested lymph nodes, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and recurrence were evaluated.Results:  The patients’ mean age was 52.8 ± 11.3 years and the mean parity was 2.5 ± 1.6. The mean diameter of the tumors was 8.4 ± 3.3 cm, the mean operating time was 253.7 ± 65.7 minutes, and the mean blood loss was 567.0 ± 170.9 mL. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 10.6 ± 4.0 days. The mean number of harvested pelvic lymph nodes was 22.5 ± 8.9 and the mean number of harvested paraaortic lymph nodes was 11.0 ± 5.8. None of the operations were switched to laparotomy. There were no major intraoperative complications, however, port site metastasis developed postoperatively in one patient.Conclusion:  Comprehensive laparoscopically‐assisted staging surgery, performed by a specialized laparoscopic oncologist with sufficient laparoscopic experience and a well‐trained operating team, is both feasible and effective in treating ovarian cancers.
Manganese superoxide dismutase gene polymorphism, MnSOD plasma levels and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Dalan Altay Burak , Ergen Arzu , Yılmaz Hülya , Karateke Ateş , İsbir Turgay 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAim:  We aimed to confirm any relation between the manganese‐containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) polymorphism and risk of ovarian carcinoma as well as to demonstrate any relation between the MnSOD mitochondrial signal sequence polymorphism and plasma MnSOD enzyme levels in women with ovarian carcinoma and healthy subjects.Methods:  In a population‐based case – control study, we compared 55 cases with ovarian carcinoma and 51 controls regarding the occurrence of the C/T (alanine/valine, A/V) substitution at the −9 position in the mitochondrial signal sequence of the MnSOD gene. Polymerase chain reaction, restriction fragment length polymorphism and Nu‐Sieve agarose gel electrophoresis were utilized to perform genotyping. Additionally, MnSOD plasma levels were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay methodology.Results:  There were no statistically significant elevated risks associated with V or A alleles. No statistically significant association between the alleles and plasma MnSOD levels were found. Overall plasma MnSOD levels were found to be significantly higher in the patient group.Conclusions:  Although in this study, patients with ovarian carcinoma had significantly higher plasma MnSOD levels than the control group (P < 0.001), no influence of the allelic distribution on plasma MnSOD levels could be detected in either group. Our results are in disagreement with earlier findings that there was an association between the A allele and increased risk for ovarian carcinoma. Thus, an extended study for a possible association between the MnSOD diallelic polymorphism and risk of ovarian cancer may be warranted.
Advanced maternal age and risk of antepartum and intrapartum stillbirth
Authors: Salihu Hamisu M. , Wilson Roneé E. , Alio Amina P. , Kirby Russell S. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAim:  We sought to assess the risk of antepartum and intrapartum stillbirth subtypes among women of advanced age.Methods:  This is a retrospective cohort study using the Missouri maternally linked data containing births from 1978 to 1997. We examined the impact of maternal age on total, antepartum and intrapartum stillbirth across five maternal age group quintiles (20–24, 25–29, 30–34, 35–39 and ≥40) using mothers aged 20–24 years as the referent category. By means of the Cox proportional hazards regression models we obtained adjusted hazards ratios that quantified the magnitude of association between maternal age and the stillbirth subtypes.Results:  The rates of antepartum and intrapartum stillbirth were greatest for older mothers (9.3/1000 and 1.2/1000 respectively) and lowest for gravidas aged 25–29 years (3.6/1000 and 0.8/1000 respectively). After adjusting for potentially confounding characteristics, older mothers still remained at greatest risk for antepartum and intrapartum stillbirth (adjusted hazards ratio = 3.6, 95% confidence interval = 2.9–4.4; and adjusted hazards ratio = 2.7, 95% confidence interval = 2.0–3.6 for antepartum and intrapartum stillbirth respectively). The risks for the two subtypes of stillbirth also increased with ascending maternal age in a dose‐dependent pattern.Conclusions:  As the demographic distribution of pregnant women persistently shifts to the right, care‐providers will be increasingly confronted with elevated risks for adverse fetal outcomes among older mothers. Our results confirm this phenomenon and add new findings in relation to the elevated risk for intrapartum stillbirth among mothers advanced for age.
Lupus mastitis mimicking a breast tumor
Authors: Arsenovic Nebojsa , Terzic Milan 
Published: September 2008

AbstractLupus mastitis represents a subset of breast‐limited lupus panniculitis, and occurs very rarely in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. We report a case of a 33‐year‐old white woman with a previous history of systemic lupus erythematosus, complaining of an acute tenderness and pain in the right breast associated with localized skin erythema. Ultrasound and mammography reports from a private breast clinic, where she was scheduled for core needle biopsy, aroused suspicion of a breast tumor. Clinically the patient had a painful mass suggestive of an inflammatory lump with an abscess. Her double‐stranded DNA antibody level, white blood cell count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were increased; and her renal function was impaired and serology findings negative. All other laboratory tests were within the normal ranges. The patient underwent urgent surgical incision and excisional biopsy of the lesion, and histology revealed lupus mastitis. Lupus mastitis very rarely may appear as a breast lump and therefore presents a great diagnostic challenge for clinicians, occasionally for radiologists and rarely for pathologists.
Mifepristone plus vaginal misoprostol vs vaginal misoprostol alone for medical abortion in gestation 63 days or less in Nepalese women: A quasi‐randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chawdhary Rashmi , Rana Ashma , Pradhan Neelam 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAim:  To compare the efficacy of mifepristone and vaginal misoprostol with misoprostol alone for pregnancy termination up to 63 days.Method:  This exploratory study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal as a part of a thesis study for a period of one year from April 2005–2006. After confirming a pregnancy ≤63 days gestation by transvaginal ultrasound, an equal number of women (50) were randomized into (i) group A, women who received 200 mg oral mifepristone (RU 486) on day 1 and vaginal misoprostol 800 µg on day 3; and (ii) group B, women who received vaginal misoprostol (800 µg) on day 1 and 3 (total dose 1600 µg). The primary study outcome measure was complete abortion without surgical intervention making comparisons between these two groups in terms of complete abortion rate, need for manual vacuum aspiration for incomplete abortion and pregnancy continuation after reconfirming the diagnosis on transvaginal ultrasound, besides comparing the side effects/complications.Results:  Fewer side effects and a more complete abortion rate (94%) was observed in group A (mifepristone and vaginal misoprostol) in comparison to vaginal misoprostol alone (total dose 1600 µg) giving a complete abortion rate of 86% along with a significant hematocrit drop on follow‐up day 10 (P = 0.03) besides having increased duration of bleeding (P = 0.017).Conclusion:  Mifepristone oral (200 mg) followed by vaginal misoprostol (800 µg) on day 3 provides a better success rate (94%) with fewer complications than vaginal misoprostol 800 µg used on days 1 and 3 for medical abortion of pregnancies up to 63 days.
Prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus by continuing metformin therapy throughout pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Begum Mosammat Rashida , Khanam Nurun Nahar , Quadir Ehsan , Ferdous Jannatul , Begum Mosammat Sahina , Khan Farzana , Begum Anowara 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAim:  The aim of the present study was to assess whether continuation of metformin therapy throughout pregnancy can reduce the development of gestational diabetes in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).Methods:  This experimental study was conducted in a private tertiary level infertility care center between June 2002 and December 2006. Fifty‐nine non‐diabetic PCOS patients who conceived while taking metformin and different ovulation‐inducing agents comprised the sample group. Twenty‐nine of them continued metformin throughout pregnancy and 30 did not. The main outcome measure was development of gestational diabetes in women with PCOS and their fetal outcome.Results:  Basic parameters such as age, body mass index, levels of follicle‐stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, free testosterone, dihydroepiandrosterone sulfate, fasting sugar and fasting insulin did not differ between the two groups. Among 29 women who received metformin, gestational diabetes developed during one of 29 pregnancies (3.44%) versus nine of 30 pregnancies (30%) without metformin. The odds ratio for gestational diabetes in women without metformin versus with metformin was 12 (95% confidence interval: 6.20–18.08). All babies born in the metformin group had average birthweight and those in the control group 4 (13.33%) were large for date.Conclusion:  In PCOS use of metformin throughout pregnancy is associated with and might be responsible for a ninefold reduction (30–3.44%) of gestational diabetes.
Effects of variable phytochemistry and budbreak phenology on defoliation of aspen during a forest tent caterpillar outbreak
Authors: Donaldson Jack R. , Lindroth Richard L. 
Published: September 2008

Abstract1 The present study assessed the relationship between clonally variable rates of defoliation in trembling aspen (Populus tremuloidesMichx.) and two potential resistance traits: defensive chemistry and leaf phenology.2 In 2001, coincident with a major outbreak of the forest tent caterpillar (Malacosoma disstriaHubner) in the northcentral U.S.A., we monitored defoliation rates, phytochemical composition, and foliar development in 30 clones of trembling aspen. Leaf chemistry was also assessed in re‐flushed leaves and 2 years post‐outbreak.3 Early in the season, differences in defoliation among clones were substantial but, by mid‐June, all clones were completely defoliated. Leaf nitrogen, condensed tannins, and phenolic glycosides varied among clones but did not relate to defoliation levels. Budbreak phenology differed by 3 weeks among clones and clones that broke bud early or late relative to forest tent caterpillar eclosion experienced reduced rates of defoliation.4 Defoliation led to increased tannins and slight decreases in phenolic glycoside concentrations in damaged leaf remnants, but to moderately decreased tannins and a six‐fold increase in phenolic glycosides in reflushed leaves. This shift in chemical composition may significantly affect late season herbivores.5 These results suggest that aspen chemical resistance mechanisms are ineffective during intense episodic eruptions of outbreak folivores such as the forest tent caterpillar. Variable budbreak phenology may lead to differential susceptibility during less intense outbreak years and, at peak forest tent caterpillar population densities, mechanisms affording tolerance are probably more important than chemical defences.
An evaluation of methods for assessing the impacts of Bt‐maize MON810 cultivation and pyrethroid insecticide use on Auchenorrhyncha (planthoppers and leafhoppers)
Authors: Rauschen Stefan , Eckert Jörg , Schaarschmidt Frank , Schuphan Ingolf , Gathmann Achim 
Published: September 2008

Abstract1 Auchenorrhyncha (Planthoppers and Leafhoppers) are not only pests of many crops, but they are also nontarget organisms with respect to Bt‐protein expressing genetically modified plants. As herbivorous arthropods, planthoppers and leafhoppers ingest Cry proteins depending on their feeding behaviour. Consequently, they are directly exposed to these entomotoxic proteins and can also serve as a source of Cry protein exposure to predatory arthropods. Therefore, it is reasonable to use Auchenorrhyncha in the risk assessment of genetically modified crops.2 During a 2‐year field study, we evaluated four different methods in terms of their feasibility to assess the impacts of plant‐incorporated protectants from Bt‐maize and of insecticide use on this group of arthropods. Visual assessment of plants, sweep netting, yellow traps and custom made sticky traps were utilized in field plots of Bt‐maize MON810, untreated near‐isogenic maize and insecticide‐treated near‐isogenic maize and were compared with respect to their capability to reflect the diversity and abundance of Auchenorrhyncha species.3 Zyginidia scutellaris (Herrich‐Schäffer) (Cicadomorpha: Cicadellidae) represented more than 94% of all captured individuals in both years. The analysis of Z. scutellaris data showed no consistent differences between Bt‐maize MON810 and the untreated near isogenic hybrid, demonstrating no negative impact of MON810 on this species. Insecticide treatment, on the other hand, was not equivalent to the isogenic maize in terms of Z. scutellaris densities. Based on the collected data and on practical considerations, we recommend the combined use of transect‐wise sweep netting and sticky traps for the sampling of Auchenorrhyncha in maize.
Differential responses of three Agriotes click beetle species to pheromone traps
Authors: Hicks Helen , Blackshaw Rod P. 
Published: September 2008

Abstract1 Previous work had suggested that adult male click beetles (Agriotes spp.) show differential responses to species specific pheromone traps. This hypothesis was tested using mark–release–recapture methods to estimate the maximum sampling range and the effective sampling area of traps for three species.2 Captured beetles of the species Agriotes lineatus, Agriotes obscurus and Agriotes sputator were marked to show the direction of release, the distance of the release point from the trap and the replicate. Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in recapture rates between species and release distances. There were no significant differences between release direction and replicates.3 Calculated linear speeds suggested differences in movement rates in the order: A. lineatus > A. obscurus > A. sputator. There were also substantial differences between the species in the maximum sampling ranges and effective sampling areas of the traps. These placed the species in the same order.4 The results are used to estimate the minimum cost of mass trapping programmes to prevent males from mating, giving values of €165/ha/year (A. lineatus), €247.5/ha/year (A. obscurus) and €2343/ha/year (A. sputator).5 Implications for the use of pheromone traps in wireworm pest management are discussed. It is concluded that current U.K. recommendations based on the cumulative total catch of the three species over a sampling season can be improved by considering the spatial relationships between the adult trapping system and larval distribution. The current constraint to this is the general inability to separate wireworms into species.
Identification of genes transcribed by Haemophilus parasuis in necrotic porcine lung through the selective capture of transcribed sequences (SCOTS)
Authors: Jin Hui , Wan Yun , Zhou Rui , Li Liangjun , Luo Rui , Zhang Sihua , Hu Junyong , Langford Paul R. , Chen Huanchun 
Published: September 2008

Summary Haemophilus parasuis is the aetiological agent of Glässer's disease, which has received more attention in the past decade due to the increasing economic losses in the pig industry worldwide. Little is known about the mechanisms by which H. parasuis survives in the host. In this study, selective capture of transcribed sequences (SCOTS) was used to identify H. parasuis genes upregulated in necrotic porcine lung 7 days post infection. Thirty‐eight genes were identified that were upregulated during infection of the lung tissue of pigs, compared with growth in culture medium. In two examples chosen gene expression was not confined to the lungs, there being variation between tissues. The data support biofilm formation being an important mode of growth for colonization and/or persistence. Results from the in vitro studies suggest that, as for other pathogens, iron and oxygen restriction and heat stress are important environmental signals to regulate gene expression. This study has identified genes of H. parasuis that are upregulated during infection of porcine lung tissue as compared with in vitro growth conditions.