bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P‐106: Single‐Layer Multicolor Reflective Cholesteric Displays
Authors: Lu Shin‐Ying , Golovin Andrii , Chien Liang‐Chy 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe developed electrically switchable color reflective cholesteric displays based on polymer‐stabilized, short‐pitched cholesteric liquid crystals using electro‐optical cells with planar alignment. The devices enable the switching of a pre‐selected reflective wavelength of the cholesteric to reflect a different wavelength corresponding to the magnitude of applied electric field. The principle of the wavelength shift to a shorter wavelength is a result of field‐induced pitch shortening near the boundaries. It is shown that the polymer stabilized cholesteric cell has an asymmetric structure. One side of the cell reflects a certain wavelength which is tunable with electric field while the other side scatters light. The spectral wavelength shift of the reflected wavelength is about 150nm and the wavelength shift is linearly proportional to the magnitude of applied electric field.
P‐109: Fast Response Reflective NBB Display and its Application to LCOS
Authors: Tan Li , Yeung Fion S.‐Y. , Ho Leo T.‐K. , Li Yuet‐Wing , Li Kuen‐Kuen , Kwok Hoi‐Sing 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA reflective LCD using high pretilt angle No‐Bias‐Bend (NBB) mode is designed. The pretilt angle and cell gap is optimized for high reflectivity display, at low driving voltage. The contrast ratio is improved by film compensation. Nano‐structured alignment surface is utilized for preparing high pretilt angles. The experimental result shows a high reflectivity and fast response time around 0.7ms, which makes it possible for the use of color‐filter‐less microdisplay.
P‐114: Effect of the Surface Alignment Layer on Analog Switching of Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals
Authors: O'Callaghan Michael J. , Reznikov Mitya , Bos Philip J. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe investigated the effect of the surface alignment layer on the analog switching properties of ferroelectric liquid crystals. Using a liquid crystal that does not exhibit a nematic phase allowed us to obtain alignment of the smectic layers independent of the surface alignment layer used. This allowed to test various alignment layers that have not been tested before, and to demonstrate improved performance.
P‐115: Novel PSV‐FLCDs with High Response Speed, High Optical Throughput, and High Contrast Ratio with Small Voltage Shift by Temperature: Application to Field Sequential Full Color LCDs
Authors: Fujisawa Toru , Hayashi Masanao , Hasebe Hiroshi , Takeuchi Kiyofumi , Takatsu Haruyoshi , Kobayashi Shunsuke 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBy doping newly synthesized photo‐curable monomers into FLC media and performing an appropriate photo‐curing, we succeeded in fabricating novel Polymer‐stabilized FLCDs exhibiting V shaped switching (PSV‐FLCDs) with τ=100 μs to 200 μs and with a free from the temperature dependence of operating voltage within 3mV/°C in the range from −5°C to 50°C. We also demonstrate a field sequential full color LCD with 4 inch diagonal and 254ppi that is capable of displaying moving images without blurring and break.
P‐116: Up‐grading of LCD Panels with Novel Pressure Sensitive Adhesives
Authors: Nagamoto Koichi , Kusama Kentaro , Sano Toru , Seno Hideo 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThis paper describes pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) suitable for fabricating high‐performance LCD panels, which consist of such optical films as polarizer and compensation films. When the optical film was laminated onto the glass cell with PSAs of high storage modulus, the light‐leakage of the panel was much improved.
P‐120: Tight Bonding of Two Plastic Substrates for Flexible LCDs
Authors: Jang Se‐Jin , Kim Jun‐Hyung , Bae Ji‐Hong , Choi Yoonseuk , Kim Hak‐Rin , Kim Sang Il , Shin Seongsik , Kim Jae‐Hoon 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe developed a novel technique to maintain a constant cell gap of the flexible LCD under various external distortions. The two flexible substrates were assembled tightly by the UV curable polymer placed on top of rigid pillar spacer array. In this technique, we designed the columnar micro‐structure to lead the self‐collected construct of adhesive polymer which promotes the good adhesion and high mechanical stability against the external deformations.
P‐121: Direct Formation of Polymer Walls by Wettability Patterning for Flexible Liquid Crystal Displays
Authors: Hong Jong‐Ho , Kim Yeun‐Tae , Lee Sin‐Doo 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe report on a flexible liquid crystal display (LCD) fabricated using self‐aligned microstructures of the photopolymer/spacer composite material through a wettability patterning process. The microstructures confined on the patterned alignment layer provide spacers for the uniform cell gap as well as the mechanical stability. No structural change of the substrates was observed during the fabrication process. Our flexible LCD provides good flexibility, durability, and excellent electro‐optic performances. This method can be applicable to the fabrication of large plastic LCDs using a roll‐to‐roll process.
P‐126: Advanced Image‐Processing Method for Hybrid Color LCDs
Authors: Asao Yasufumi 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe hybrid color LCD (HC‐LCD) mode, which we have proposed in the previous papers, can display the RGB three primary colors using only two kinds of sub‐pixels of green (G) and magenta (M). We have also proposed the spatial dither method customized for the HC‐LCD, which utilizes plural pixels and their color mixing of both binary red (or blue) color and magenta color with analog grayscale. However, this dither method substantially degrades the display resolution in displaying the intermediate colors according to the size of the dither matrix. This paper shows the advanced image‐processing method using two pixels and their continuous hue changes in the magenta sub‐pixel, that we have not fully utilized so far. The degradation of the display resolution can be reduced by this method and image quality can be dramatically improved especially in the photograph of human face or skin.
P‐127: Synthesis and Mesomorphic Properties of Bent‐Core Mesogens with Isomeric Naphthylene Central Units
Authors: Choi E‐Joon , Cui Xin , Zin Wang‐Choel , Ok Chang‐Woo , Kim Young‐Chul , Paek Sang‐Hyon 
Published: August 2007

AbstractNew bent‐core mesogens that possess only ester linking groups between the aromatic rings and 1,6‐, 1,7‐, 2,3‐ or 2,7‐naphthylene unit as a central aromatic ring were synthesized. A remarkable finding is that the bent‐core ester mesogens with unsymmetrical or highly bent central unit can form banana‐phase in a wide temperature range. The compounds with 1,6‐ and 2,3‐naphthylene units showed an antiferroelectric switchable smectic phase, which has been designated a B2 phase. While compounds with 2,7‐naphthylene unit was known to form B2 phase, the compound with 1,7‐naphthylene unit failed to form the mesophase in the melt.
P‐129: Rejuvenated Photoalignment of Liquid Crystal on Cinnamoil‐Containing Polymers
Authors: Buluy Oleksandr , Kurioz Yuriy , Ouskova Elena , Reznikov Yuriy , Gerus Igor , Ha KiRyong , Kwon SoonBum , Nobili Maurizio , Park Seo‐Kyu 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe report on easy orientation axis alternation in new photoaligning polymers (PG materials) based on cellulose backbone containing photosensitive cinnamoil groups. Materials have strong application potential due to high aligning quality and photosensitivity, strong anchoring energy, small sticking effect. Rejuvenation of polymer after UV‐irradiation makes PG attractive for various applications.
P‐130: Plasma Beam Alignment of Reactive Mesogenes
Authors: Yaroshchuk Oleg , Kravchuk Ruslan , Parri Owain 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe demonstrate that plasma beam processing of the alignment substrates, earlier recognized as an effective tool of liquid crystal alignment, provides excellent alignment of reactive mesogenes (RMs). for this processing we utilized anode layers source generating two sheet‐like beams of accelerated plasma allowing to treat large‐area substrates by sample movement across the plasma “sheets”. The oblique treatment by plasma beam results in planar or oblique alignment of planar RMs (p‐RMs) and homeotropic alignment of homeotropic RMs (h‐RMs). The homeotropic alignment of h‐RMs can also be achieved by normal processing with plasma beam or processing by diffuse (non‐directed) plasma. Good alignment effect is observed for a big variety of organic and inorganic materials. The widely used in LCD technology glass, silicon and plastic substrates processed by plasma beam also demonstrate excellent RM alignment that excludes necessity to use additional alignment layers. Besides, in the case of flexible plastic substrates, roll‐to‐roll alignment treatment can be realized. Thus the developed method is an advance in technology of optical films based on RMs.
P‐131: Three‐Dimensional Modeling of Liquid Crystal Pixels
Authors: Wood William A. , Button Leslie J. , Hoysan Steven F. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn this paper an approach to modeling the optics of liquid crystal (LC) pixels or sub‐pixels in a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel in three dimensions is described. A commercial finite element modeling package (ANSYS) was chosen as the primary platform for this solving the director electrostatics problem. Within ANSYS, the pixel geometry and electrical boundary conditions can be defined and the electrostatic field and the LC orientation subsequently determined. The algorithm crucially depends on a scaling of the LC material properties to lower the aspect ratio of the problem. This information is then used to calculate optical transmission through the pixel using a ray tracing algorithm.
P‐133: A Novel Portable LCD with New AFFS (AFFS+) Technology for High Transmittance and Superior Sunlight Readability
Authors: Choi Suk , Park Jun Baek , Jeon Tae Hyun , Jang Soon Ju , Park Kwang Hyun 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we have developed novel pixel design of advanced fringe field switching (AFFS) mode with high transmittance and high reflectance for superior sunlight readability. These properties are achieved by high aperture pixel design and by reflective areas of metal embossing pattern on the gate area as well as data bus line with BM‐less of color filter on the data bus line. We also achieved low surface reflectance with anti‐reflective (AR) polarizer and high transmittance with DBEF polarizer. In this paper, we will show panel characteristics of 10.4‐inch XGA tablet with improved indoor and outdoor images.
P‐134: New Optical Configuration of Transflective LCD for the Low Voltage (2.5V) Driving
Authors: Lim Jae‐Ik , Park Wang‐Sang , Ann Sun‐Hong , Kim Chi‐Woo , Yi Junsin 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe have developed an ultra low voltage driving transflective liquid crystal display without high dielectric liquid crystal material, We used a new LC mode configuration. By adjusting cell gap, retardation, film angle (polarizer, retarder), We have achieved 2.5 voltage driving for LC dynamic movement. and hence, The power consumption for LC Driving (analog power) has been reduced by 50%.
P‐139: New Multi‐Domain Vertical Alignment LCD with High Contrast Ratio
Authors: Lu Ying‐Chi , Cheng Ching‐Sheng , Hu Chih‐Jen , Chang Chih‐Ming , Gan Feng‐Yuan 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe invented and successfully fabricated a new multi‐domain vertically alignment (MVA) LCD with high contrast ratio performance. This new MVA structure can realize a stable alignment with protrusion free by fabricating “concave” structure on color filter side substrate with simple process. The concave structure uses the fringe field in each pixel to control the tilt directions and create an MVA LCD.
P‐140: Optical Compensation of a High Transmittance MVA‐LCD by using Uniaxial Quarter Plates
Authors: Lin Chi‐Huang 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA compensation method that uses uniaxial films is developed for widening the viewing angle of the high transmittance multidomain vertical‐alignment liquid crystal display (MVA‐LCD). Based on this design, the high‐transmittance MVA‐LCD has a complete 80° viewing cone for CR> 100:1. Potential application as a mobile display is emphasized.
P‐141: Pretilt Angle Effects on Liquid Crystal Response Time
Authors: Nie Xiangyi , Xianyu Haiqing , Lu Ruibo , Wu Thomas X. , Wu Shin‐Tson 
Published: August 2007

AbstractAnalytical expressions for correlating LC response time with pretilt angle are derived. The theoretical analysis is consistent with experimental results using vertically‐aligned LC cells. This study improves the understanding of liquid crystal dynamic process which is helpful for optimizing liquid crystal response time.
P‐142: Multi‐Domain Alignment Technology by Ink‐Jet Printing
Authors: Su Pei‐Ju , Sha Yi‐An , Hsieh Cheng‐Hsi , Chang Ku‐Hsien , Shiu Jyh‐Wen , Lee Kuo‐Chang , Hsiao Chih‐Chun , Cheng Wei‐Yuan , Liao Yuan‐Chang , Yang Jen‐Chieh , Lo Kuo‐Lung , Lee Da‐Wei , Chang Yu‐Pei 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThis study developed an ink‐jet printing method capable of producing multi‐domain alignment liquid crystal displays. Based on the drop‐on‐demand characteristics of ink jet printing, the ink's location in different alignment manners could be defined in one pixel. This paper describes two practical applications. The first involves integrating the hybrid aligned zone with the homeotropic aligned area in one pixel to create a multi‐domain alignment when the voltage is applied. This proposed method achieved a wide viewing angle. The second, similar approach using ink jet printing was performed on a single‐cell‐gap transflective liquid crystal display. A 2.4‐in 170‐ppi prototype demonstrates mass‐production feasibility.
P‐145: A Systematic Optimization of Normal‐White STN‐LCDs
Authors: Hurley Shawn , Yang Deng‐Ke , Shi Jianru , Mullin Chris 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe report a systematic study to optimize the performance of a normal‐white STN liquid crystal display. We first experimentally characterized the liquid crystal to determine the material parameters. for a cell with a given cell thickness and driving voltage we used computer simulations to determine the polarizer and analyzer angles which optimized the contrast ratio. We then studied the contrast ratio as a function of cell thickness and drive voltage. We also used a compensation film to improve the performance of the STN LCD. Using the theoretical results as guidance, we built STN LCDs and characterized their performances and compared the experimental results with the theoretical results.
P‐146: π‐twist Cell by Pixel‐isolation Polymer Walls Without Chiral Dopants
Authors: Lee Seong Ryong , Shin Jong‐Ha , Baek Jong‐In , Oh Min‐Cheol , Yoon Tae‐Hoon , Kim Jae Chang 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe fabricated a nematic liquid crystal(NLC) cell which has initially π‐twist state stabilized by pixel‐isolation walls without any chiral dopant. The pixel‐isolation walls are formed by phase separation between liquid crystal molecules and fluorinated polymer material under the condition of a vertical electric field. In comparison with a conventional pi cell, the initially π‐twisted NLC cell needs no nucleus for the transition from splay to bend state and exhibits reduced driving voltage. Also, the cell has fast response properties similar to the conventional pi cell.
P‐147: Novel Electrode Structure in the Super‐IPS LC Cell for High‐Aperture Ratio
Authors: Yang Jin‐Seok , Choi Seong‐Wook , Kim Kyung‐Mi , Lee Wa‐Ryong , Son Jung‐Hee , Lee Joun‐Ho , Ko Tae‐Woon , Choi Hyun‐Chul , Lee Gi‐Dong 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a novel electrode structure, which exhibits high‐aperture ratio, in the super in‐plane switching (SIPS) liquid crystal (LC) cell for high transmittance. Generally, the transmittance of the S‐IPS LC cell is not superior to other LC mode using the multi domain effect because of the low aperture ratio. To improve the aperture ratio of the S‐IPS cell, we found the method to minimize the black matrix (BM) area by applying the novel electrode structure which can move the disclination from the active area. As a result, we found that the proposed electrode structure could provide higher aperture ratio than that of the conventional type by reducing the BM area, so that we could achieve the high transmittance compared to the conventional structure. We used the commercial software “TechWiz LCD” for calculation of the director configuration, which applies Q‐tensor method.
P‐152: Efficient Blue Phosphorescent OLEDs Employing Novel Oligocarbazoles as High‐Triplet‐Energy Host Materials
Authors: Tsai Ming‐Han , Hong Yun‐Hua , Chang Chih‐Hao , Su Hai‐Ching , Wu Chung‐Chih , Matoliukstyte Ausra , Simokaitiene Jurate , Grigalevicius Saulius , Grazulevicius Juozas V. , Hsu Chao‐Ping 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA series of 3(6),9′‐linked oligocarbazoles with large triplet energies and morphological stability are reported as host materials for electrophosphorescence. In such oligocarbazoles, the triplet excitation is confined within one carbazole unit, leading to a new molecular design strategy for large‐triplet‐energy and high morphological stability hosts. Using these hosts, efficient blue phosphorescent OLEDs having efficiencies up to 15%, 31 cd/A and 28 lm/W are demonstrated.
P‐153: Internal Electric Field Study for Green Phosphorescent Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes with Crosslinked Interlayers
Authors: Jin Rui , deMello John C. , Bradley Donal D. C. , Gather Malte , Meerholz Klaus 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe present electroabsorption spectroscopy to measure the internal electric field in green phosphorescent polymer light‐emitting‐diodes with crosslinked interlayer between PEDOT:PSS and emissive layer. The phenomenon of trapped electrons screening the bulk semiconductor from the external field can explain the efficiency improvement by adding a 5–30 nm MUPD film near the anode.
P‐155: Ambient Contrast for OLED Displays
Authors: Cok Ronald S. , Arnold Andrew D. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractOLED devices typically include a back electrode that reflects both emitted and incident ambient light. The reflected ambient light reduces the contrast ratio of OLED displays, reducing the visibility and image quality of the display. A variety of techniques for improving OLED ambient contrast are described and measurements of their effectiveness are discussed together with any impact on other OLED performance characteristics.
P‐158: Highly Efficient Exciplex Emitting White OLED based on Complementary Emitters
Authors: Kim Young Min , Park Young Wook , Huh Jin Woo , Choi Jin Hwan , Ju Byeong Kwon , Jung Jae Hoon , Kim Jai Kyeong 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe demonstrate white organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) by exciplex formation at organic solid‐state interface between a charge transport layer and an emitting layer. White OLEDs have complementary emitters with an emission peak of 400 nm around the near‐ultraviolet, and an emission peak of 580 producing a yellow color. The EL spectra of the white OLEDs have shown a covering through visual range from 400 to 780 nm. The CIE coordinate of the emitted light was (0.34, 0.34) with low driving current density (8.6 mA/cm2) and high efficiency (12 cd/A, 2 lm/W) at 1 000 cd/m2.
P‐159: Efficient Red Electroluminescent Devices Based on Inter‐Ligand Energy Transfer of Heteroleptic Tris‐Cyclometalated Iridium Complexes
Authors: Seo Ji Hyun , Park Gui Yun , Kim Young Sik , Kim Young Kwan , Kim You Hyun , Kim Woo Young 
Published: August 2007

AbstractRed heteroleptic tris‐cyclometalated iridium complex, Ir(ppy)2(dpq‐3‐F), have been characterized. When Ir(ppy)2(dpq‐3‐F) is placed in the excited state, the excitation energy is quickly intramolecular transferred from two ppy to one luminescent dpq‐3‐F. Thus, Ir(ppy)2(dpq‐3‐F) shows emission at 620nm from dpq‐3‐F. The device with Ir(ppy)2(dpq‐3‐F) showed superior electrical characteristics by decreasing self‐quenching.
P‐162: Recycling Surface Plasmon Polaritons of OLED for Tunable Double Emission and Efficiency Enhancement
Authors: Tien Kun‐Cheng , Wu Chung‐Chih 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBy thinning the metal electrode, the SPP modes of OLEDs can be coupled to the outside surface of the device, where they can be recycled for external emission by simply capping the device with an appropriate absorbing/re‐emission medium. A modest efficiency enhancement has been observed. In addition, such an approach provides double‐emitting OLEDs with a wide‐range color tuning capability, which may be of use for some applications.
P‐163: Polymer Electrode and Micro‐patterning using PEDOT and its Organic Display Applications
Authors: Kim Jin‐Yeol , Kwon Min‐Hee , Kim Jae‐Taek , Lee Jung‐Hyun , Kim Tae‐Wook , Kwon Sijoong 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe conductive ultrathin films of poly (3, 4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) prepared by using depositing polymerization are prepared in gas‐phase. The selective growth of polymer nanofilms can also be easily prepared by deposition of self‐assembled PEDOT layers on patterned oxidant layers formed using a micro contact printing method. These conductive nano‐films have a high transparency up to 80%, possess a very low sheet resistance down to 100 Ω/square. Using this new procedure, 1μm pitched pattern can also easily realize and these are capable of being applied to organic opto‐electronic films used in electrical devices such as the EL and touch screen.
P‐165: Wet‐Processable Triphenylamine Dendrimers as Hole‐Transporting and Hole‐Injection Materials for Organic Light‐Emitting Devices
Authors: Ichikawa Musubu , Hibino Kumiko , Yokoyama Norimasa , Miki Tetsuzo , Koyama Toshiki , Taniguchi Yoshio 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe demonstrated two wet‐processable triphenylamine dendric nonamers: the nitrogen‐atom‐centered nonamer (TPA9‐1) and the phenyl‐centered nonamer (TPA9‐2). The materials were found to have high glass transition temperature (Tg) up to almost 200°C. The fractional difference of the central units of the molecular structures caused different adaptability due to the different ionization potentials (Ip). TPA9‐1 (N‐atom‐centered), whose Ip was smaller than that of TPA9‐2 (phenyl‐centered), was suitable as hole injection layer material, and TPA9‐2 was suitable as hole‐transporting layer material. Computational chemistry provides a ready explanation for the Ip difference between the two materials.
P‐167: High‐Color‐Temperature p‐i‐n White Organic Light‐Emitting Devices Based on the Fluorescent RGB System
Authors: Chen Chao‐Jung , Hwang Shiao‐Wen , Chen Chin H. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractP‐i‐n devices with 5% Cs doped BPhen as the n‐type transporting layer and WO3 doped NPB as the p‐type transporting layer are investigated for controlling the recombination zone (RZ) of carriers in WOLED based on three adjacent fluorescent red, green and blue emitters. Variation in white CIEx,y color coordinates are closely related to the proportion of deep blue emission which serves as an indicator for the position of the RZ. By optimizing the concentration of the deep blue dopant, it is possible to enhance the color temperature of WOLED and boost the efficiency to 8 cd/A at 5.5 V (20 mA/cm2) with CIEx,y of (0.33, 0.34) which is among the best reported for the fluorescent RGB 3‐emission WOLEDs.