bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New generation of functional yogurts fermented with probiotic lactic acid bacteria isolated from human milk
Authors: Danielyan Lusine , Hovhannisyan Hrachya , Baghdasaryan Lusine , Barseghyan Andranik 
Published: April 2024

Background: The cultures used in the production of "bio-yoghurts" typically consist of a blend of traditional yogurt starters, such as S. thermophilus and L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, along with probiotics like L. acidophilus, L. casei, L. reuteri, and Bifidobacterium spp. These probiotics, although beneficial, face challenges thriving in milk due to its short fermentation time (4–5 hours). The rapid acidification caused by the starter’s results in probiotic levels dropping below the "therapeutic minimum" during the intended refrigerated shelf life of the product. A potential solution to this issue lies in leveraging lactic acid bacteria isolated from the human milk which possess both robust probiotic characteristics and starter properties. Incorporating such strains in yogurt starter could address the acidity imbalance and contribute to maintaining optimal probiotic levels throughout the refrigerated shelf life of the product.
Objective: This research aims to develop a new generation of sustainable functional yoghurts suitable for consumers of all ages using as starters predominant probiotic lactic acid bacteria isolated from the breast milk of healthy women.
Results: This study marks the first implementation of the critical dilution culture method in sterile cow milk for the selection of predominant lactic acid bacteria (LABs) from women's breast milk. Remarkably, all samples yielded LAB capable of independently fermenting milk. Although breast milk is a good medium for the growth of residential lactic acid bacteria, it never coagulates due to low concentration of caseins. The isolated strains, identified as belonging to the species L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis, L. fermentum, L. casei subsp. sakei, Streptococcus thermophiles and Lactococcus lactis, exhibited probiotic and adaptive properties essential for gut colonization in humans. Utilizing symbiotic LAB starters were created functional yogurts with heightened technological, physicochemical, and sensory characteristics.
Conclusions: Yogurts fermented using human milk LABs are safe and can be recommended as a functional dairy food, for pregnant women as well as for pre-term and full-term infants as a substitute/supplement for mother's milk. Moreover, these LABs can be included in infant formulas or used in pre-treatment of infant formula milk to improve its nutritional value and safety.
Keywords: Breast milk, lactic acid bacteria, probiotic, milk fermentation, functional yogurt
ANGIOEMBOLISATION OF CREMASTERIC ARTERY FOR SCROTAL HAEMATOMA FOLLOWING HERNIAL REPAIR
Authors: Dr Z  
Published: April 2024

Cremasteric artery is a branch of inferior epigastric artery supplying the cremaster muscle and coverings of the cord. The possible consequence of injury to this artery is scrotal haematoma. We present a case of haemorrhage from unexpected cresmastric artery injury post-hernioplasty treated with angioembolisation. To the best of our knowledge, this has not been reported in literature.
A 66-year-old gentleman with left indirect inguinal hernia underwent a left inguinal hernioplasty in our institution with no immediate complications. However he presented to the emergency department the day after the procedure with complaints of rapidly worsening painful left scrotal swelling accompanied with symptoms of intestinal obstruction. Emergency laparotomy and re-do left hernioplasty was performed, revealing a strangulated inguinoscrotal hernia. Post-operatively, there was non-resolving scrotal swelling with a drop in the haemoglobin level; from 11.9g/dl to 8.5g/dl requiring packed cell transfusion. CT angiogram revealed active contrast extravasation from the left cremasteric artery. Angiographic run confirmed the finding and the left cresmatric artery was superselectively cannulated with a 1.9Fr microcatheter and embolization done with 0.5mm microcoil. Ultrasound scan 24-hour post-procedure showed patent proximal vessel. Clinically there was a reduction of the left scrotal swelling and the haemoglobin remained stable.
Cremasteric artery courses laterally deep into the fascia transversalis entering the cord deep to the internal spermatic fascia to supply the cremaster muscle and coverings of the cord. This course renders the artery to be prone for injury during procedure such as hernioplasty; one of the possible consequences is scrotal haematoma. This artery is usually small in caliber and its identification is important for efficient and effective treatment.
Angioembolisation is able to treat this injury with superior precision owing to its ability for localization and selective cannulation of the offending vessel.
Headache with Isolated Sixth Cranial Nerve Palsy in an Overweight Woman: A Case of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: Goe Xian Jeff  , Sharifah Najwa Syed Mohamad  , Siti Noorfaezah Abdul Kadir  , Syed Hussein Barakbah  
Published: April 2024

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), also known as pseudotumour cerebri, has an estimated incidence of 1 to 2 in 100,000 people per year. IIH commonly affects obese young women, where its pathogenesis, however, is not clearly understood. Patients present to the emergency department with a wide array of presentations. In light of this, we present a case of isolated sixth cranial nerve palsy in a non-obese young woman due to IIH in which brain imaging studies showed no abnormality; however, lumbar puncture reveals an opening pressure of more than 50 cmH2O. This case would help to alert physicians to consider IIH as one of the differential diagnoses when encountering such cases, as an uncommon presentation in the non-obese patient, and prompt referral is important to avoid unnecessary delay in the treatment of IIH.
Keskiluokan hätähuuto kestävyysvajeeseen vaipuvalle hyvinvointivaltiolle
Authors: Seitamaa Antti , Suhonen Riikka 
Published: April 2024

Mitä on suomalainen keskiluokka? Miten siihen päästään ja miten siitä pudotaan? Millainen rooli pohjoismaisella hyvinvointivaltiolla ja koulutuksella on ollut keskiluokan kasvussa? Kolumnisti ja tietokirjailija Auli Viitala tarkastelee keskiluokassa kasvamista ja siitä putoamista perheensä elämäntarinoiden kautta. Toimittaja Sanna Kajander-Ruuth taas on haastatellut kymmentä eri tavoin keskiluokkaan identifioituvaa ihmistä sekä lisäksi tutkijoita.
Ilmastonmuutoksen hillinnän sosioekonomiset vaikutukset Etelä-Pohjanmaan maataloudessa
Authors: Palomäki Anu , Leppänen Raisa , Laasasenaho Kari 
Published: April 2024

Maataloudella on keskeinen rooli ilmastonmuutoksen hillinnässä ja siihen sopeutumisessa Etelä-Pohjanmaalla, koska merkittävä osa suomalaisesta ruoasta tuotetaan maakunnassa. Maatalouden suhteellisen suurista alueellisista päästöistä huolimatta toimialalla voidaan tehdä myös hiilinieluja tukevia toimia, joiden avulla merkittävä määrä hiilidioksidia sitoutuu takaisin maaperään. Hiilinieluja voidaan lisätä hyödyntämällä muun muassa oikeanlaisia viljelymenetelmiä ja -tekniikoita. Ilmastotoimiin kohdistuvilla tukitoimilla ja kannattavuuskysymyksillä on suuri vaikutus ilmastotavoitteiden saavuttamisessa, mutta kokonaiskuvaan vaikuttavat myös maatalousyrittäjien toimintakulttuuri, asenteet ja arvot. Tämä on tärkeä huomioida, sillä ilmastotoimilla saattaa olla sekä myönteisiä että kielteisiä vaikutuksia esimerkiksi maatilojen kannattavuuteen ja tiloihin kohdistuviin asenteisiin. Kirjallisuudessa näitä sosioekonomisia vaikutuksia alueellisessa kontekstissa on tutkittu vasta hyvin vähän. Tämän esityksen tarkoituksena on taustoittaa eteläpohjalaisten viljelijöiden kokemuksia ilmastotoimista. Kartoitusta varten kerättiin aineisto hankkeissa tuotetusta aineistosta sekä viljelijöiltä, jotka ovat toimineet Tulevaisuuden ilmastoviisas maataloustuotanto Etelä-Pohjanmaalla (TIME) ja Ilmastosoturit -hankkeiden pilottitiloina. Aineiston pohjalta analysoitiin ilmastonmuutoksen hillintään liittyvien maatalouden toimien sosioekonomisia vaikutuksia alueella. Tulosten perusteella on laadittu suositukset jatkotutkimukseen sekä ilmastotoimien kielteisten sosioekonomisten vaikutusten vähentämiseen.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENANGANAN GEMPA BUMI LOMBOK 2018 BERDASARKAN PERATURAN DAERAH NOMOR 9 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA DI PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT
Authors: Rahman Abdul , Jeddawi Murtir , Mansyur Mansyur , Kurniawati Layla 
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk menganalisis Implementasi Kebijakan Penanganan Gempa Bumi Lombok 2018 Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Berdasarkan Peraturan Daerah Nomor 9 Tahun 2014 tentang Penanggulangan Bencana, penanganan gempa bumi bumi Lombok 2018 masih belum optimal dengan banyaknya jumlah korban yang meninggal dunia, dan hancurnya infrastruktur rumah, fasilitas peribadatan, fasilitas kesehatan, fasilitas pendidikan, fasilitas perekonomian, gedung perkantoran, jembatan, tanggul, toko dan lain sebagainya. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori implementasi kebijakan publik dari M.S Grindle (1980) tentang konten dan konteks kebijakan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan induktif yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan fakta-fakta implementasi kebijakan dalam penanganan bencana gempa Lombok 2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) implementasi kebijakan Penanganan Gempa Lombok Tahun 2018 Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat berdasarkan Peraturan Daerah Nomor 9 Tahun 2014 telah memuat ketentuan-ketentuan yang dapat mendorong terpenuhinya enam sasaran secara optimal, namun dalam implementasinya, beberapa sasaran tidak dapat terlaksana secara maksimal. 2) Model implementasi kebijakan yang direkomenasikan adalah menggunakan model implementasi Interaktion Social Responsibility (ISR) yang disebut sebagai "Reality Mecure Model" pada implementasi kebijakan penanganan gempa bumi Lombok 2018.
Kata Kunci: implementasi kebijakan, penanggulangan bencana gempa, Lombok.
Clinical features and risk factors for primary Sjögren’s syndrome combined with interstitial lung disease: a retrospective study
Authors: Yang Zhixia , Zhao Hao , Shan Lei , Wang Dan 
Published: April 2024

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) combined with interstitial lung disease (ILD), so as to provide a theoretical basis for the early diagnosis, treatment and prevention of PSS-ILD.Methods:From October 2017 to January 2022, patients with pSS who were admitted to the Department of Rheumatology at Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were included in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into the pSS-ILD (102 cases) and pSS-non-ILD groups (154 cases) based on the presence or absence of ILD on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Demographics information, clinical symptoms, laboratory indicators and HRCT features were compared, and the logistic regression analysis was utilized to identify the risk factors.Results:A total of 256 patients were included. Patients with pSS-ILD were more often female, and their age and disease duration were significantly higher than those in the pSS-non-ILD group (p &lt; 0.05). The HRCT imaging classification included ground glass-like shadow (78.4%) and patchy solid shadow (17.6%), and Non-specific interstitial pneumonitis (NSIP) (72.5%) was the predominant typology. Regarding the laboratory indexes, the positive rates of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and anti-SS-A52 antibodies were significantly higher in the pSS-ILD patients than in the pSS-non-ILD group, while the positive rates of anti-synaptic antibodies were lower than in the pSS-non-ILD group, and the differences between two groups were statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05). Logistic regression showed that age &gt;60 years, longer duration of disease, higher triglycerides, and cholesterol were risk factors for pSS-ILD patients.Conclusion:The clinical features of pSS-ILD patients were xerophthalmia, cough and shortness of breath, and HRCT can help to diagnose the disease at an early stage. Age over 60 years, chronic course of disease, and elevated lipid levels are risk factors for ILD in pSS patients, and the relationship between autoimmune antibody levels and the occurrence of ILD needs to be further confirmed in follow-up studies with large sample sizes. These findings have the potential to provide useful information for early diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the development of pSS-ILD.
A novel method for the establishment of autologous skin cell suspensions: characterisation of cellular sub-populations, epidermal stem cell content and wound response-enhancing biological properties
Authors: Peake Michael , Dunnill Chris , Ibraheem Khalidah , Smith Adrian , Clarke Douglas J. , Georgopoulos Nikolaos T. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Autologous cell suspension (ACS)-based therapy represents a highly promising approach for burns and chronic wounds. However, existing technologies have not achieved the desired clinical success due to several limitations. To overcome practical and cost-associated obstacles of existing ACS methods, we have established a novel methodology for rapid, enzymatic disaggregation of human skin cells and their isolation using a procedure that requires no specialist laboratory instrumentation and is performed at room temperature.Methods: Cells were isolated using enzymatic disaggregation of split-thickness human skin followed by several filtration steps for isolation of cell populations, and cell viability was determined. Individual population recovery was confirmed in appropriate culture medium types, and the presence of epidermal stem cells (EpSCs) within keratinocyte sub-populations was defined by flow cytometry via detection of CD49 and CD71. Positive mediators of wound healing secreted by ACS-derived cultures established on a collagen-based wound-bed mimic were detected by proteome arrays and quantified by ELISA, and the role of such mediators was determined by cell proliferation assays. The effect of ACS-derived conditioned-medium on myofibroblasts was investigated using an in-vitro model of myofibroblast differentiation via detection of α-SMA using immunoblotting and immunofluorescence microscopy.Results: Our methodology permitted efficient recovery of keratinocytes, fibroblasts and melanocytes, which remained viable upon long-term culture. ACS-derivatives comprised sub-populations with the CD49-high/CD71-low expression profile known to demarcate EpSCs. Via secretion of mitogenic factors and wound healing-enhancing mediators, the ACS secretome accelerated keratinocyte proliferation and markedly curtailed cytodifferentiation of myofibroblasts, the latter being key mediators of fibrosis and scarring.Discussion: The systematic characterisation of the cell types within our ACS isolates provided evidence for their superior cell viability and the presence of EpSCs that are critical drivers of wound healing. We defined the biological properties of ACS-derived keratinocytes, which include ability to secrete positive mediators of wound healing as well as suppression of myofibroblast cytodifferentiation. Thus, our study provides several lines of evidence that the established ACS isolates comprise highly-viable cell populations which can physically support wound healing and possess biological properties that have the potential to enhance not only the speed but also the quality of wound healing.
Association between monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio and prostate cancer in the U.S. population: a population-based study
Authors: Wang Lanyu , Li Xiaowan , Liu Min , Zhou Hongyi , Shao Jianfeng 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:Monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) is a convenient and noninvasive inflammatory biomarker, and inflammation has been reported to be associated with prostate cancer (PCa). Our objective was to ascertain any possible correlation between PCa and MLR.Methods:We utilized data from the 1999–2020 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) regarding MLR and PCa. The independent associations of MLR and other inflammatory biomarkers (platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), system inflammation response index (SIRI), and aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI)) with PCa was investigated using weighted multivariate logistic regression and generalized additive models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were conducted to evaluate and contrast their diagnostic capabilities.Results:The analysis we conducted comprised 25,367 persons in total. The mean MLR was 0.31 ± 0.14. The prevalence of PCa was 3.1%. A positive association was found between MLR and PCa (OR = 2.28; 95% CI: 1.44, 3.62). According to the interaction tests, age, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes, and smoking status did not significantly impact the relationship between MLR and PCa (all p for interaction &gt;0.05). ROC analysis showed that MLR had a stronger discriminative ability and accuracy in predicting PCa than other inflammatory biomarkers (NLR, SII, AISI, PLR, and SIRI).Conclusion:MLR might be better than other inflammatory biomarkers (NLR, SIRI, AISI, PLR, and SII) in predicting PCa. American adults who have elevated levels of MLR, NLR, PLR, SII, and AISI should be aware that they have a greater risk of PCa.
Storm-driven hydrological, seasonal, and land use/land cover impact on dissolved organic matter dynamics in a mid-Atlantic, USA coastal plain river system characterized by 21 T FT-ICR mass spectrometry
Authors: Ouyang Tianyin , McKenna Amy M. , Wozniak Andrew S. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) as primary and secondary energy sources can be transported via rivers to estuaries and impact coastal biogeochemical cycles. Storm-induced high discharge events can alter the dominant river flow paths and enhance leaching of shallow organic-rich soil layers, leading to elevated terrestrial DOM export. Land use/land cover (LULC) and associated anthropogenic interventions (including artificial reservoirs and agricultural irrigation) can control sources and transformation processes of exported DOM along with hydrologic factors. The relative significance of LULC, hydrological factors, and temperature variations with seasons will differ depending on geographical locations and complicate their incorporation in biogeochemical models of DOM dynamics. This study investigates the role of LULC, seasonality, and storm events on DOM concentrations and molecular composition in the Murderkill River system.Method: Surface water samples were collected seasonally and before/after storm events from 6 sites representing forested, agricultural, and developed LULC units. The DOM was characterized via parallel factor analysis of excitation-emission matrix data and electrospray ionization 21 T Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry to determine potential DOM sources and enable the development of a conceptual model for DOM dynamics in rivers impacted by anthropogenic reservoirs.Result and Discussion: Our results suggest that storm-induced shallow and overland flow paths can increase surface-vegetation/plant-litter derived DOM based on atomic ratios associated with specific biogenic precursors (i.e., lignin, tannins, and/or oxygenated aromatic DOM), particularly in winter when autochthonous production was suppressed due to reduced temperatures. We further demonstrate that the damming effects of artificial reservoirs enhance the role of seasonal patterns of autochthonous production, disrupting storm-shunt process and stimulating significantly more bio-produced DOM export during spring and summer (i.e., tryptophan/tyrosine-like. N- and S- containing, phytoplankton-derived compounds). Collectively, these results demonstrate how artificial reservoirs alter the characteristics of DOM exported from rivers with implications for understanding carbon export and fate at river-estuary interfaces.
An in vitro assay for toxicity testing of Clostridium perfringens type C β-toxin
Authors: Hoonakker Marieke , Zariri Afshin , de Brouwer Lisette , David Dionne , Borgman Anouska , Sloots Arjen 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionVeterinary vaccines against Clostridium perfringens type C need to be tested for absence of toxicity, as mandated by pharmacopoeias worldwide. This toxicity testing is required at multiple manufacturing steps and relies on outdated mouse tests that involve severe animal suffering. Clostridium perfringens type C produces several toxins of which the β-toxin is the primary component responsible for causing disease. Here, we describe the successful development of a new cell-based in vitro assay that can address the specific toxicity of the β-toxin.MethodsDevelopment of the cell-based assay followed the principle of in vitro testing developed for Cl. septicum vaccines, which is based on Vero cells. We screened four cell lines and selected the THP-1 cell line, which was shown to be the most specific and sensitive for β-toxin activity, in combination with a commercially available method to determine cell viability (MTS assay) as a readout. ResultsThe current animal test is estimated to detect 100 – 1000-fold dilutions of the Cl. perfringens type C non-inactivated antigen. When tested with an active Cl. perfringens type C antigen preparation, derived from a commercial vaccine manufacturing process, our THP-1 cell-based assay was able to detect toxin activity from undiluted to over 10000-fold dilution, showing a linear range between approximately 1000- and 10000-fold dilutions. Assay specificity for the β-toxin was confirmed with neutralizing antibodies and lack of reaction to Cl. perfringens culture medium. In addition, assay parameters demonstrated good repeatability.ConclusionsHere, we have shown proof of concept for a THP-1 cell-based assay for toxicity testing of veterinary Cl. perfringens type C vaccines that is suitable for all vaccine production steps. This result represents a significant step towards the replacement of animal-based toxicity testing of this veterinary clostridial antigen. As a next step, assessment of the assay’s sensitivity and repeatability and validation of the method will have to be performed in a commercial manufacturing context in order to formally implement the assay in vaccine quality control.