bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green Light‐Responsive D‐π‐A‐π‐D Quinoxaline Emitters for Luminescent Solar Concentrators: Potential Integration in Agrivoltaic Systems
Authors: Goti Giulio , Reginato Gianna , Coppola Carmen , Dessì Alessio , Franchi Daniele , Mordini Alessandro , Picchi Alberto , Pucci Andrea , Sinicropi Adalgisa , Zani Lorenzo , Calamante Massimo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe integration of photovoltaic technologies within agricultural settings, also known as agrivoltaics, is attracting increasing attention as a sustainable approach to ensure both clean energy and food supply. The success of this strategy relies on the development of innovative materials that can selectively convert specific wavelengths into energy while being transparent to photosynthetically relevant light. To this aim, here we report our endeavors in the synthesis of a new class of D‐π‐A‐π‐D quinoxaline fluorophores and their use in the preparation of wavelength‐selective luminescent solar concentrators. The dyes were expeditiously prepared following a direct arylation protocol and extensively characterized by spectroscopic analyses and computational studies. They present high light harvesting ability in the green region of the visible spectrum and good emission properties, which were fully retained in the solid state when embedded into a poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) matrix. These materials were employed to construct LSC devices of promising efficiency, fostering further developments for the use of wavelength‐selective LSC in agrivoltaic systems.
Association between meeting 24‐h movement guidelines and academic performance in a sample of 67,281 Chinese children and adolescents
Authors: Chen Sitong , Liang Kaixin , López‐Gil José Francisco , Drenowatz Clemens , Tremblay Mark S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the association between meeting 24‐h movement guidelines and academic performance among Chinese children and adolescents. Cross‐sectional data on 67,281 Chinese children and adolescents were used for the analyses. Adherence to 24‐h movement guidelines and academic performance (i.e., grades in Chinese, Math, and English), as well as sociodemographic information, were measured using a self‐reported questionnaire. 24‐h movement guidelines recommend at least 60 min/day of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), no more than 2 h/day of recreational screen time (ST), and 9–11 h/night of sleep for ages 11–13 years or 8–10 h/night for ages 14–17 years. Multilevel generalized linear models were used to explore the associations between 24‐h movement guidelines and academic performance. Results indicated that compared to not meeting any of the three 24‐h movement guidelines, participants meeting one or more guidelines were more likely to report better academic performance in Chinese, Math, and English. Meeting all the three guidelines was associated with better academic performance in Chinese (odds ratio [OR] = 1.56), Math (OR = 1.51), and English (OR = 1.73). Additionally, meeting the physical activity (PA) guidelines only was associated with better academic performance in Chinese; meeting only the ST guidelines, both ST and sleep guidelines, and both ST and PA guidelines were associated with better academic performance in Chinese, Math, and English. Subgroup analyses indicated that the associations between 24‐h movement guidelines and academic performance varied across grade groups and course subjects. As such, in general, adherence to 24‐h movement guidelines was related to better self‐reported academic performance. Healthy movement behaviors should be promoted for health and academic achievement in Chinese children and adolescents.
Video analysis of heading and risk of head injury situations in elite international men's football: Does the frequency of headers increase with the level of play?
Authors: Huber Lorenz , Szymski Dominik , Krutsch Werner , Alt Volker , Weber Johannes 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFootball is the only sport in which the ball can be played with the head. Therefore, compared to other ball team sports, head injuries are quite common. Headers and head injuries are dreaded to cause severe neurological impairments in long‐term, but there is still a lack of data on how often headers are performed in different levels and how often head injuries occur. In a prospective cohort study, all heading situations as well as incidents with a propensity of injury (critical incidents) of 45 elite‐level international matches were analyzed using a standardized video analysis protocol and compared to existing data from German professional leagues. A total of 3670 headers were recorded in 4050 match minutes (0.9 headers/minute). A mean of 81.5 headers per game (SD = 18.4) and 3.7 headers per player and match (SD = 0.8) was found. Compared to a cohort group of the German Bundesliga and 2nd Bundesliga, a significant reduction of −33.8 headers per game (p < 0.01) and 1.7 per player and match was found. A total of 18 risk of injury situations were recorded giving a rate per match of 0.4 (SD = 0.6). In comparison to the German league data, this also displayed a reduction. The incidence rate was 266 risk of injury situations per 1000 h match exposure, which was far below the rates of German national data (314/1000 h) and correlated with the frequency of headers performed.
The revised perceived academic impact tool (PAIT2): A tool to assess academic dysfunction in university‐aged student‐athletes with sports‐related concussion
Authors: Glendon Kerry , Pain Matthew , Belli Antonio , Blenkinsop Glen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractResearch acknowledges Sports‐Related Concussion (SRC) is acutely deleterious to academic ability, but no tool has been validated to measure the effect of SRC on academic ability. The sutdy aimed to establish if the Revised Perceived Academic Impact Tool (PAIT2) is reliable and valid for assessing academic impairment following an SRC. Non‐concussed, healthy student‐athletes in higher education were recruited to the control group and completed the PAIT2 at day 0, 2, 4, 8, 14 and 19. The concussed group consisted of higher education student‐athletes participating in rugby union. The concussed group completed the PAIT2 at baseline screening during pre‐season, day 2, 4, 8 and 14 following an SRC and at return‐to‐play. The PAIT2 asks participants to rate their perceived ability on 23 academic tasks on a statement scored on a 0–6 Likert scale. Repeated measurements from the healthy group (n = 25) demonstrated PAIT2 has good internal validity (χ2(25) = 2.128 and p = 0.712) and reliability (0.880 [95% CI: 0.785–0.941]). A change of 4.631 (80% CI) can be used to indicate if academic impairment is present following an SRC. PAIT2 identified 96% of concussed student‐athletes with academic impairment at day 2, 92% at day 4, 85.71% at day 8 and 92% at day 14 and 19. PAIT2 has good reliability and internal validity for detecting those with academic impairment following SRC. The use of this tool may be of assistance to clinicians when managing student‐athletes return to learn.
High‐frequency resistance training improves maximal lower‐limb strength more than low frequency
Authors: Pedersen Helene , Iversen Vegard Moe , Vereide Pål Frøyen , Stien Nicolay , Saeterbakken Atle Hole , Fimland Marius Steiro , Schoenfeld Brad J. , Andersen Vidar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study compared the effects of a weekly lower body resistance‐training program divided into low frequency (LOW, one long session) versus high frequency (HIGH, four shorter sessions) in resistance‐trained individuals. Twenty‐two adults with more than 6 months resistance training experience were randomized to either the LOW or HIGH intervention group. Both groups completed an 8‐week training program consisting of four multi‐joint exercises targeting the hip and knee extensors. The program progressed from 12‐repetition maximum (RM) to 6‐RM, with 4–5 sets per exercise performed throughout the intervention. The four exercises were conducted either in one session or four sessions (one exercise per session) per week. 1‐RM in the squat, muscle thickness of the vastus lateralis, muscle mass of the lower body (measured using bioelectrical impedance), and jump height were assessed pre‐ and post‐intervention. The HIGH group demonstrated a statistically significant increase in 1‐RM compared to the LOW group (7 kg, p = 0.01), while no statistically significant differences were found between the groups for the other outcomes (p = 0.26–0.63). Both interventions resulted in statistically significant increases in 1‐RM squat (8 and 15 kg), muscle thickness (2.3 and 2.8 mm), and jump height (1.5 and 1.9 cm) from pre‐to post‐test. There were no statistical changes in lower‐body muscle mass for either group (p = 0.16–0.86). In conclusion, a weekly training protocol of four multi‐joint lower‐limb exercises distributed over four sessions resulted in greater increases in maximal strength compared to one session in resistance‐trained adults. Both frequencies were similarly effective in improving muscle hypertrophy and jump height.
Exploring the depths of on‐water training in highly‐trained rowing athletes
Authors: Watts Sophie P. , Binnie Martyn J. , Goods Paul S.R. , Hewlett Jamie , Peeling Peter 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis investigation examined the association between on‐water rowing stroke‐rate (SR), velocity and heart‐rate (HR) in highly trained rowers (n = 8 male; n = 8 female and 19.3 ± 1.1 year) over a 4‐month real‐world (i.e., variable environment and boat class) training period. On‐water SR, prognostic velocity (percent of world's best velocity) and HR were captured for 1453 sessions via smart‐watch and chest‐strap HR monitor. Data was filtered and smoothed with individual HR training zones identified (T1–T5). Linear mixed modeling and an overlapping index () were used to assess differences in SR and prognostic velocity between HR zones. Correlation coefficient (r) was used to assess the SR and prognostic velocity relationship and progression of prognostic velocity at a SR of 20spm over time. There were significant differences in SR and prognostic velocity between HR zones (T1>T2>T3>T4>T5, p < 0.001); however, data overlap between adjacent zones was substantial for both variables ( = 0.69–0.85; prognostic velocity: = 0.46–0.86). A significant, positive correlation (r = 0.50 and p < 0.001) between SR and prognostic velocity was found. Progression of prognostic velocity at SR 20spm over the study duration was trivial (r = −0.01 and p = 0.71). Variables commonly used to prescribe and describe on‐water rowing training showed large variability in a real‐world training environment impacting the ability to accurately monitor training performance and progression.
Mitigation of residual deformations in eccentrically braced frames through a low‐cost re‐centering mechanism
Authors: Mortazavi Pedram , Christopoulos Constantin , Kwon Oh‐Sung 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated that the response of stable yielding systems to random excitations such as earthquakes is inherently accompanied by residual deformations. Stable yielding systems with highly enhanced ductility capacity are more prone to residual deformations. Steel eccentrically braced frames (EBFs) are designed to sustain significant localized inelastic deformations in the segment of the beam referred to as the yielding link, which results in much larger link rotations when compared to inter‐story drift ratios (SDR). Recent experimental and numerical studies on the response of EBFs have demonstrated that even with moderate residual inter‐SDR (less than 0.5%), severe link residual rotations could be expected, which could render the structure difficult to repair. For replaceable yielding links, which were developed to expedite the repair and recovery process in EBFs after major seismic events, large residual link rotations will hinder the link replacement process or at times make it impossible. Therefore, mitigation of residual deformations is of greater importance in EBFs with replaceable yielding links than in conventional EBFs with a continuous beam. This paper provides a brief review of past research on residual deformations and methods for their mitigation. A low‐cost re‐centering system for use in EBFs is proposed to work in parallel with the yielding link, in order to mitigate residual deformations. The proposed system is adopted for two prototype structures designed with EBFs equipped with cast steel replaceable modular yielding links. The effectiveness of the re‐centering strategy is evaluated by means of pseudo‐dynamic hybrid simulations, as well as numerical simulations. The hybrid simulations and numerical studies both demonstrate that not only the proposed system is highly effective at mitigating the residual deformations, but also it is effective in reducing the peak deformations in EBFs.
Sustainable protein production through genetic engineering of cyanobacteria and use of atmospheric N2 gas
Authors: Nawaz Taufiq , Gu Liping , Fahad Shah , Saud Shah , Harrison Matthew Tom , Zhou Ruanbao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis review explores the potential of genetically engineering cyanobacteria with the aim of synthesizing high‐value protein directly from atmospheric nitrogen. The article examines numerous techniques that may enhance protein synthesis in cyanobacteria, and discusses advantages, barriers, and opportunities for this strategy going forward. Genetic manipulation of cyanobacteria shows promise in sustainably raising protein production via reduced greenhouse gas emissions and lower dependence on synthetic fertilizers, but also potentially fewer environmental implications traditionally caused by conventional protein production methods. The article uncovers many difficulties in genetically modifying cyanobacteria for protein production. For example, genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have legal and regulatory ramifications that must be accounted for if ethical, moral and secure use of these technologies is to be ensured. Economic viability, too, must be evaluated, taking into consideration production costs, scalability, market demand and future market potential. We suggest that processing of cyanobacterial proteins in downstream stages need further development. Effective and economical methods are needed for protein extraction, purification, and formulation into commercially viable products. For successful application of cyanobacterial protein production at scale, such obstacles must be overcome. We conclude that genetic engineering of cyanobacteria for protein synthesis has a great deal of potential to offer a resource‐effective and sustainable replacement for the synthesis of high‐value proteins, so promoting a more sustainable and environmentally conscious future.
Formulation and assessment of chickpea pulao using fenugreek seeds and Indian rennet to improve blood glycemic levels
Authors: Arooj Misha , Ahmed Zaheer , Khalid Nauman , Suleria Hafiz A. R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDiabetes is becoming a significant health concern in Asia, where the prevalence has reached alarming levels. An important contributing factor is the consumption of high‐carbohydrate foods, including rice, bread, etc. These high‐carbohydrate foods pose a major risk to public health due to their impact on postprandial hyperglycemia. This research aimed to formulate a chickpea pulao (cooked Indian–Pakistani rice dish) and to evaluate its effects on postprandial blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetic individuals. Antioxidant potential and total phenolic contents of herbs at different concentrations (1, 3, 5, 7, and 9%) were measured through DPPH and Folin Ciocalteu assays. The antidiabetic potential was tested by α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase inhibition assays. After sensory evaluation, the best‐chosen concentration was used to formulate the chickpea pulao. The study trial was advertised under “DP trial,” and 12 participants were recruited. A single‐blind randomized cross‐over trial was conducted for 3 weeks with a one‐week wash‐over time in between. Participants' preprandial and postprandial blood glucose levels were recorded for control and intervention recipes. Results indicated that both fenugreek seeds (FS) and Indian rennet (IR) showed good antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity (p = .000) in raw and boiled extracts. For DPPH, the IC50 values of unboiled and boiled combined (FS + IR) extracts were calculated as 7.4% and 8.02%, respectively. Similarly, for α‐amylase, the IC50 values of combined IR and FS unboiled and boiled extracts were 6.58% and 6.83%, and for α‐glucosidase inhibition assay, the values were measured as 14.98% and 16.24%. The single‐blind randomized cross‐over trial showed that consuming the intervention recipe significantly reduced postprandial hyperglycemia (p = .000) in type 2 diabetic participants. The intervention recipe decreased hyperglycemia by approximately 15% daily compared to the control recipe. Incorporation of hypoglycemic herbs into dietary patterns can work as an adjunct therapy for diabetes management, especially in populations with a high prevalence of this disease.
The use of a SOX10 reporter toward ameliorating oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Piscopo Valerio E. C. , Chapleau Alexandra , Blaszczyk Gabriela J. , Sirois Julien , You Zhipeng , Soubannier Vincent , Chen Carol X.‐Q. , Bernard Geneviève , Antel Jack P. , Durcan Thomas M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOligodendrocytes (OLs) are key players in the central nervous system, critical for the formation and maintenance of the myelin sheaths insulating axons, ensuring efficient neuronal communication. In the last decade, the use of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has become essential for recapitulating and understanding the differentiation and role of OLs in vitro. Current methods include overexpression of transcription factors for rapid OL generation, neglecting the complexity of OL lineage development. Alternatively, growth factor‐based protocols offer physiological relevance but struggle with efficiency and cell heterogeneity. To address these issues, we created a novel SOX10‐P2A‐mOrange iPSC reporter line to track and purify oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Using this reporter cell line, we analyzed an existing differentiation protocol and shed light on the origin of glial cell heterogeneity. Additionally, we have modified the differentiation protocol, toward enhancing reproducibility, efficiency, and terminal maturity. Our approach not only advances OL biology but also holds promise to accelerate research and translational work with iPSC‐derived OLs.
Sex‐specific neuropsychological correlates of apathy and depression across neurodegenerative disorders
Authors: Kapustin Daniel , Tumati Shankar , Wong Melissa , Herrmann Nathan , Dixon Roger A. , Seitz Dallas , Rapoport Mark J. , Lanctôt Krista L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundApathy and depression are common neuropsychiatric symptoms across neurodegenerative disorders and are associated with impairment in several cognitive domains, yet little is known about the influence of sex on these relationships.ObjectivesWe examined the relationship between these symptoms with neuropsychological performance across a combined cohort with mild or major neurodegenerative disorders, then evaluated the impact of sex.Design, Setting and ParticipantsWe conducted a cohort analysis of participants in the COMPASS‐ND study with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), vascular MCI, Alzheimer's disease, mixed dementia, Parkinson's disease, frontotemporal dementia, and cognitively unimpaired (CU) controls.MeasurementsParticipants with neurodegenerative disease and CU controls were stratified by the presence (severity ≥1 on Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire) of either depressive symptoms alone, apathy symptoms alone, both symptoms, or neither. A neuropsychological battery evaluated executive function, verbal fluency, verbal learning, working memory, and visuospatial reasoning. Analysis of covariance was used to assess group differences with age, sex, and education as covariates.ResultsGroups included depressive symptoms only (n = 70), apathy symptoms only (n = 52), both (n = 68), or neither (n = 262). The apathy and depression + apathy groups performed worse than the neither group on tests of working memory (t(312) = −2.4, p = 0.02 and t(328) = −3.8, p = 0.001, respectively) and visuospatial reasoning (t(301) = −2.3, p = 0.02 and t(321) = −2.6, p = 0.01, respectively). The depression, apathy, and depression + apathy groups demonstrated a similar degree of impairment on tests of executive function, processing speed, verbal fluency, and verbal learning when compared to participants without apathy or depression. Sex‐stratified analyses revealed that compared to the male neither group, the male apathy and depression + apathy groups were impaired broadly across all cognitive domains except for working memory. Females with depression alone showed deficits on tests of executive function (t(166) = 2.4, p = 0.01) and verbal learning (t(167) = −4.3, p = 0.001) compared to the female neither group.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that in neurodegenerative diseases, apathy with or without depression in males was associated with broad cognitive impairments. In females, depression was associated with deficits in executive function and verbal learning. These findings highlight the importance of effectively treating apathy and depression across the spectrum of neurodegenerative disorders with the goal of optimizing neuropsychological outcomes.
Accuracy and efficacy of ultrasound‐guided puncture (vs. computed tomography‐guided) in cervical medial branch blocks for cervicogenic pain: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Tian Jie , Li Xin‐Yan , Yin Yan , Zhao Nan , Xiao Hong , Liu Hui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCervical medial branch block (CMBB) has been recognized as an effective treatment for cervicogenic pain. Previous studies mostly used ultrasound‐guided out‐of‐plane puncture for CMBB, while this prospective study was designed to investigate the efficacy of ultrasound‐guided in‐plane puncture, specifically focusing on the new target of CMBB for cervical pain. This study includes two parts: the accuracy study (N = 15, CMBB was completed by ultrasound and confirmed by computed tomography [CT], in which a good distribution percentage of the analgesic solution was observed) and the efficacy study (N = 40, CMBB was completed by ultrasound or CT, while the proportion of pain relief (numerical rating scale) decrease by more than 50% postoperatively was analyzed). The results showed that the good distribution percentage of the analgesic solution was 97.8%. Furthermore, in the early period (30 min and 2 h postoperatively), the proportion of patients with pain relief was lower in the ultrasound group than that in the CT group, especially at 2 h postoperatively (52% vs. 94%). However, at 24 h postoperatively and later, the proportion of patients with pain relief gradually stabilized to about 60%–70%, and lasted for about 2 weeks to 1 month. Therefore, the new target for CMBB, guided by ultrasound in‐plane, offers high visibility and accuracy. A single CMBB performed under ultrasound guidance resulted in pain relief comparable to that of a CT‐guided procedure (1 day to 1 month postoperatively). This study indicated that CMBB guided by ultrasound in‐plane could be regarded as a promising approach for treatment of cervicogenic pain.