bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrocardiographic changes in the growing Mastín Español
Authors: Bernal L. J. , Montes A. M. , del Palacio M. J. Fdez. , Panizo C. Gutierrez 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTSerial electrocardiograms were recorded from 70 Mastín Español dogs in right lateral recumbency, aged between one day and three years, in order to observe the changes in the waveform and intervals, QRS morphology, cardiac rhythm and heart rate caused by their growth. Age and bodyweight caused a gradual increase in the duration and amplitude of the P wave, duration of the PR, QT and RR intervals, amplitude of the R wave and duration of the QRS complex and ST segment. Q wave was observed in nearly all the recordings with different amplitudes. The S wave was only significant in one‐day‐old animals and QRS morphology showed significant important changes from qrS and rS to qR and qRs morphologies during the first two weeks of life. The T wave increased its amplitude until the age of two months and changed its polarity (from negative to positive) from five months of age onwards. The heart rate decreased until the age of seven months, reaching stabilised values of 110 ± 7‐3 beats per minute. Sinus tachycardia was commonplace in animals under one month old and respiratory sinus arrhythmia was found from six months of age. Sex only influenced the duration and amplitude of the T wave. Males had higher mean values than females.
Isolated fracture of the radial diaphysis in dogs
Authors: Ness M. G. , Armstrong N. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFour cases of isolated fracture of the radial diaphysis were diagnosed. All cases were successfully managed conservatively. Direct trauma was not a feature in any of the cases. The history, presenting signs and fracture morphology in each case were similar suggesting a common aetiology. The case histories are reviewed and a possible aetiology discussed.
Pancreatic insulin‐secreting carcinoma in a dog: Fructosamine for determining persistent hypoglycaemia
Authors: Thoresen S. I. , Aleksandersen M. , Lqnaas L. , Bredal W. P. , Grqndalen J. , Berthelsen K. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA five‐year‐old intact male rottweiler was presented with a history of episodic weakness and mild generalised seizures. A tentative diagnosis of an insulin‐secreting tumour in the pancreas was made based on fasting hypoglycaemia with concomitant hyperinsulinaemia and a subnormal fructosamine value. The diagnosis was confirmed by exploratory coeliotomy, intravenous infusion of methylene blue, histopathology and immuno‐histochemical analysis of suspected neoplastic tissue. Fructosamine assays are traditionally used for monitoring the metabolic status of diabetics where a single elevated measurement reflects persistent hyperglycaemia. This report suggests that a single low measurement of fructosamine may indicate persistent hypoglycaemia and may be helpful, in conjunction with an insulin measurement, in the diagnosis of insulin‐secreting tumours.
Incidence of the gene mutation causal for rod‐cone dysplasia type 1 in Irish setters in the UK
Authors: Petersen‐Jones S. M. , Clements P. J. M. , Barnett K. C. , Sargan D. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA survey to establish the UK prevalence of the gene mutation causing the rod‐cone dysplasia type one (rcdl) form of generalised progressive retinal atrophy (gPRA) in Irish setters was carried out. The dogs were selected by members of two Irish setter breed societies to provide examples from most of the main breeding lines in the UK. A total of 210 Irish setters were tested and one bitch was found to be a carrier of the rcdl mutation. These results show that although a confirmed case of rcdl has not been reported in Irish setters in the UK for over a decade the gene is still present in the gene pool.
Vaginal cysts causing tenesmus in a bitch
Authors: Cauvin A. , Sullivan M. , Harvey M. J. , Thompson H. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTAn eight‐year‐old female border collie was referred with a two‐month history of faecal tenesmus. Ultrasonography and radiology identified fluid‐filled masses in the cranial vagina. The fluid was drained from the vaginal cysts via an episiotomy and the clinical signs resolved. Histological examination confirmed that the cysts were of urogenital origin. This is believed to be the first report of vaginal cysts causing faecal tenesmus in the dog.
Giant cell tumour of bone in a cat
Authors: Walsh B. A. , Rhodes W. H. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA domestic shorthaired cat had a firm, non‐painful swelling of the left antebrachium. Radiographs showed an expansile, multiloculated lesion in the radius. The mass gradually enlarged over the following four and a half months and the animal became completely lame. The histological diagnosis was giant cell tumour of bone; this is a rare neoplasm of bone in veterinary patients. Giant cell tumour of bone should be considered in the differential diagnosis of bone lesions having an expansile, multiloculated radiographic appearance.
Comparative study of marbofloxacin and amoxicillinclavulanic acid in the treatment of urinary tract infections in dogs
Authors: Cotard J. P. , Gruet P. , Pechereau D. , Moreau P. , Pages J. P. , Thomas E. , Deleforge J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTOne hundred and four dogs with clinical signs of urinary tract infection were selected by 15 practitioners in a multicentric, controlled and randomised study. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed by urinalysis and imaging. Each dog received either marbofloxacin (2 mg/kg orally once daily or 4 mg/kg by subcutaneous injection every four days) or amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid tablets (12·5 mg/kg twice daily) for 10 or 28 days, depending on the clinical diagnosis. Rectal temperature, general condition, appetite, urinary signs, defecation disorders and pain on abdominal palpation were monitored at each visit, the timetable depending on diagnosis: three urinalyses and at least three examinations per case were performed. Side effects were also thoroughly sought at each examination. Marbofloxacin
Normal handling of diets ‐ are all dogs created equal?
Authors: Zentek J. , Meyer H. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTObservations on food tolerance in dogs have shown that differences occur between breeds ‐especially in the giant breeds which can have an increased frequency of soft stools. This may be explained, at least in part, by differences in the dogs' ability to utilise a diet. To investigate this phenomenon, four digestive trials were conducted using two canned and two dried commercial diets. The ability to digest most nutrients was lower in the great danes in three out of the four trials. The great danes also had a significantly higher faecal loss of water, sodium and potassium. The underlying causes should be associated with the relationship between body‐weight and the gastrointestinal tract or with differences in transit time of the ingesta, particularly through the large intestine.
Automobile‐induced obstruction of the intrathoracic caudal vena cava in a dog
Authors: Lisciandro G. R. , Harvey H. J. , Beck K. A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA two‐year‐old labrador retriever was examined after a year's history of persistent ascites and exercise intolerance that began shortly after the dog was struck by an automobile. Contrast venography showed tortuosity of the intrathoracic caudal vena cava with partial obstruction caused by kinking of the vessel. Surgical resection of a fibrous connective band that was found to be tethering the intrathoracic vena cava ventrally, creating a partial obstruction, was performed. A hypothesis of the aetiology of this phenomenon is presented.
Cardiac trauma and third degree AV block in a dog following a road accident
Authors: Nicholls P. K. , Watson P. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA nine‐and‐a‐half‐year‐old dog was referred for investigation of bradycardia after being hit by a car. Electrocardiography revealed a third degree atrioventricular (AV) block. The dog died during a syncopal attack. Post mortem examination revealed an atrial septal tear with haemorrhage and myocardial degeneration affecting the AV bundle.
Diabetes mellitus associated with pancreatic endocrine insufficiency in a kitten
Authors: Root M. V. , Johnson K. H. , Allen W. T. , Johnston S. D. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTDiabetes mellitus, characterised by persistent hyperglycaemia and glucosuria, was diagnosed in a six‐week‐old kitten. Pancreatic sections contained low numbers of atypically small islets and immunohistochemistry demonstrated pancreatic endocrine insufficiency with virtually no production of any islet hormones. There was no inflammatory infiltration of the islets, as seen in the form of diabetes mellitus characteristic of juvenile humans.
Influence of ovariectomy at the time of mastectomy on the prognosis for canine malignant mammary tumours
Authors: Yamagami T. , Kobayashi T. , Takahashi K. , Sugiyama M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe two‐year prognosis for malignant mammary tumours seen in 175 bitches in the Tokyo metropolitan area was assessed based on the extent of mastectomy and on whether an ovariectomy was carried out at the time of mastectomy. The prognosis for the bitches was not influenced by the excision size of the affected mammary glands. Ovariectomy had no effect on the two‐year survival rate of the dogs that underwent the tumour excision. There was no significant difference in the two‐year survival rate between the dogs ovariectomised prior to mastectomy and those ovariectomised at the time of mastectomy. These results suggest that ovariectomy at the time of mastectomy has no effect on the prognosis in dogs with established neoplasms of the mammary gland.
Triple pelvic osteotomy for the treatment of pelvic canal stenosis in a cat
Authors: Ferguson J. F. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA mature female domestic shorthaired cat with obstipation as a result of pelvic canal narrowing due to a pelvic fracture malunion was treated by triple pelvic osteotomy to widen the canal. The right hemipelvis was moved laterally and a modified bone plate was applied to the right ilium. A mild lick dermatitis occurred over the dorsum of the hind paw seven days postoperatively but resolved without treatment. The cat made an uneventful recovery without recurrence of the obstipation.
Pleural effusion in cats: 82 cases (1987 to 1995)
Authors: Davies C. , Forrester S. D. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTEighty‐two cases of feline pleural effusion were identified and reviewed to assess the type of fluid, underlying disease process, predisposing conditions, historical and physical examination findings, laboratory and cytology data, response to treatment and outcome. Pertinent findings included a high occurrence of pleural effusion with mediastinal lymphoma (and other types of intrathoracic neoplasia), pyothorax, cardiomyopathy and feline infectious peritonitis virus infection. Sixteen cases, eight with chylous effusion, had no underlying disease identified. Cats with pyothorax and effusion secondary to trauma had the best prognosis for complete recovery. Otherwise, the outcome was variable and the prognosis was guarded to poor.
Uterine serosal inclusion cysts in a bitch
Authors: Arnold S. , Hubler M. , Hauser B. , Kaser‐Hotz B. , Rüsch P. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA six‐year‐old, pluriparous German shepherd dog bitch was presented with an abnormal vaginal discharge of several weeks' duration. Clinical signs and radiographic and ultrasonographic findings supported an initial diagnosis of segmental cystic endometrial hyperplasia, and ovariohysterectomy was performed. Macroscopic‐ally, the uterus appeared normal except for one large and several smaller cysts attached to its antimesometrial side. These cysts were restricted to a small area of the left uterine horn. The histological diagnosis was serosal inclusion cysts. The clinical findings, gross pathology and histopathology are described and discussed.
Radiological assessment of severity of canine nasal tumours and relationship with survival
Authors: Morris J. S. , Dunn K. J. , Dobson J. M. , White R. A. S. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA radiological assessment of 35 canine nasal tumours using an objective scoring system was carried out and related to patient survival. The scoring system demonstrated significant increases in disease‐free interval and survival for dogs with scores of less than 12 compared to those with scores of 1 2 or above.
Uterine, cervical and vaginal microflora of the normal bitch throughout the reproductive cycle
Authors: Watts J. R. , Wright P. J. , Whithear K. C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTSamples for microbiological culture were collected from the uterus of bitches using transcervical uterine cannulation (31 samples, 23 bitches) and from the uterus, cervix and vagina post mortem (19 bitches) at all stages of the reproductive cycle. Samples were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and for aerobic mycoplasmas. Bacteria were always found in the uterus during prooestrus and oestrus (12 positive in 12 cultures) and rarely at other stages of the reproductive cycle: during anoestrus (one in 14) and other stages (none in 24). When microorganisms were detected at three sites post mortem, those found in the cervix and vagina were always of the same species as those found in the uterus. In six out of 13 instances, microorganisms were found in the cervix or vagina when none were found in the uterus. The mean number of isolates, number of bacteria seen in uterine cytology and bacterial growth were greater (P < 0–005) during oestrus and pro‐oestrus than at other stages. Bacteria isolated from the uterus, in order of frequency, wereEscherichia coli, Haemophilusspecies, α‐haemo‐lytic streptococci,Corynebacteriumspecies,Streptococcus canis, Alcaligenes faecalis, Bac‐teroidesspecies,Pasteurellaspecies andProteus mirabilis.No mycoplasmas were cultured from the samples. This study indicates that the uterus of the normal bitch has a uterine microflora during pro‐oestrus and oestrus that is similar to that of the vagina and cervix.
Heart rate variability in relation to severity of mitral regurgitation in Cavalier King Charles spaniels
Authors: Häggström J. , Hamlin R. L. , Hansson K. , Kvart C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTHeart rate variability was measured in 81 Cavalier King Charles spaniels to investigate if it could be used to evaluate the severity of mitral regurgitation and to predict decompensation. Heart rate variability was assessed by the natural logarithm of the variance of the R‐R intervals for 20 consecutive beats obtained from electrocardiographic recordings. Twenty‐two of the dogs were clinically normal and 59 had mitral regurgitation caused by chronic valvular disease. The severity of mitral regurgitation was evaluated by echocardiography and thoracic radiography. Heart rate variability was found to be reduced (P < 0.001) among dogs with severe left atrial and ventricular dilatation and clinical signs of congestion. No significant differences in heart rate variability were found among normal dogs, dogs with only cardiac murmur, and dogs with echocardiographic evidence of slight to moderate left atrial and ventricular dilatation. Overall, an association was found between heart rate variability and left atrial to aortic root ratio and left ventricular end diastolic diameters (r = 0.72 and 0.64, respectively, P < 0.001), as well as heart and respiratory rate (r = 0.80 and 0.69, respectively, P < 0.001). Multiregression analysis showed that, in order of importance, heart rate, left atrial diameter and respiratory rate had significant effects on heart rate variability. Among these parameters, heart rate variability and left atrial diameter were found to be most efficient in separating decompensated dogs from compensated. It is concluded that heart rate variability may provide the clinician with valuable information when assessing the severity of mitral regurgitation caused by chronic valvular disease.
Primary seborrhoea in English springer spaniels: A retrospective study of 14 cases
Authors: Scott D. W. , Miller W. H. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTPrimary seborrhoea was diagnosed in 14 English springer spaniels over a 17‐year period. Seven of the dogs developed clinical signs by two years of age. The dermatosis began as a generalised non‐pmritic dry scaling which gradually worsened. Some dogs remained in this dry (seborrhoea sicca) stage, but in most cases the dermatosis became greasy and inflamed (seborrhoea oleosa and seborrhoeic dermatitis). Eight of the dogs suffered from recurrent episodes of superficial or deep bacterial pyoderma. Histological findings in skin biopsy specimens included marked orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis of surface and infundibular epithelium, papillomatosis, parakeratotic capping of the papillae, and superficial perivascular dermatitis in which lymphocytes and mast cells were prominent. The dogs with seborrhoea sicca responded more satisfactorily to therapy with topical emollient‐humectant agents or oral omega‐3/omega‐6 fatty acid supplementation. Dogs with seborrhoea oleosa and seborrhoeic dermatitis did not respond satisfactorily to topical therapy. One dog, however, responded well to etretinate and omega‐3/omega‐6 fatty acid administration. No dog was cured.
Intramedullary cisplatin chemotherapy: Experience in four dogs with osteosarcoma
Authors: Hahn K. A. , Richardson R. C. , Blevins E. , Lenz S. D. , Knapp D. W. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTSingle‐agent intramedullary cisplatin chemotherapy provided effective localised control in two of four dogs with advanced stage osteosarcoma unable to withstand an amputation or limb‐sparing surgery. Complete remission of the local neoplasm was observed in one of the four dogs, partial remission of the local neoplasm in one dog and progressive disease in the other two. Limb function was preserved in one dog for seven months and that dog was found to be tumour‐free when euthanased due to unrelated causes. These preliminary results warrant further investigation into the use of intramedullary cisplatin chemotherapy in the localised management of canine appendicular osteosarcoma. It is possible that this mode of treatment may be combined with other treatments to maximise the survival (ie, systemic control) in other dogs affected with appendicular osteosarcoma.
Serial monitoring of clinical, haematological and immunological parameters in canine autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
Authors: Day M. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTClinical, haematological and immunological data are presented from 14 dogs with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) serially monitored for up to 945 days after initial presentation. At the time of diagnosis, all dogs had severe anaemia (mean packed cell volume [PCV] 17.6±7.1 per cent) with leucocytosis in seven cases and thrombocytopenia in four dogs. The Coombs' test was positive in all cases. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibody alone was identified in eight cases, a combination of IgG and IgM autoantibodies was recognised in three cases, and in two dogs only IgM autoantibody was recorded (complement fixing in one of these dogs).All dogs were treated with immunosuppressive doses of corticosteroids and some animals also received cyclophosphamide (four cases), azathio‐prine (two cases), blood transfusion (four cases) or underwent splenectomy (two cases). Two dogs died during the initial episode of AIHA. In 12 dogs, the anaemia was resolved by an average of 36.3 ±16.0 days after initial presentation, but autoantibody titre often persisted after clinical improvement and normalisation of PCV. Four dogs had a clinical relapse 67 to 170 days after initial presentation and one of these dogs subsequently died from thromboembolic disease. One dog developed lymphocytic thyroiditis and serum antinuclear antibody at day 691 after initial presentation, and two cases developed disease consistent with autoimmune thrombocytopenia (AITP) at 365 and 618 days post initial presentation. In one of these dogs, AITP was concurrent with multicentric lymphoma. No correlation was recorded between haematological and immunological parameters at presentation and subsequent response to therapy or long‐term clinical behaviour.
Distribution of Neospora caninum within the central nervous system and other tissues of six dogs with clinical neosporosis
Authors: Barber J. S. , Payne‐Johnson C. E. , Trees A. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTSix cases of neosporosis in dogs were diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs, serology and immunohistochemistry. The brains and spinal cords, at several levels, and various other tissues were examined usinganti‐Neospora caninumserum by an immunoperoxidase technique. Parasite density varied markedly from case to case. Although found most consistently in the cerebrum, parasites were distributed throughout the central nervous system (CNS), both within the grey and white matter and within nerve roots. Clinical signs were not related to the position of parasites. Tissue cysts were found infrequently in all areas of the CNS, but not in other tissues. Parasite density was not related to the age of the dog or whether treatment had been given. However, with the exception of the only adult dog examined, more CNS parasites were found in dogs with a longer duration of illness and with higher antibody titres. Tachyzoites were present in skeletal muscles, in the muscularis of the oesophagus, in heart, lung and, less frequently, liver, and rarely in the adrenal gland, thyroid gland and uterus; no clinical signs were seen resulting from damage to these organs. Parasites were not observed in lymphoid tissue. In visceral organs, parasites were most widely distributed in peracute cases. For post mortem diagnosis of neosporosis, the CNS, particularly the cerebrum, is the optimum tissue to examine but parasites may also be found in many other tissues, especially in acute cases. Muscle biopsy of appropriate muscles (as suggested by the clinical signs) provides the possibility of a definitive pre‐mortem diagnosis.
Horner's syndrome associated with a functional thyroid carcinoma in a dog
Authors: Melián C. , Morales M. , de los Monteros A. Espinosa , Peterson M. E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA seven‐year‐old entire male Irish setter was presented because of a neck mass, prolapse of the third eyelid and apparent drooping of the upper eyelid. Historical findings included increased appetite as well as polyuria and polydipsia for about two weeks. The most remarkable findings on physical examination were right‐sided Horner's syndrome, pre‐scapular lymphadenopathy and a large, ventral cervical mass. Lateral cervical radiographs showed a large, soft tissue opacity surrounding the trachea and retropharyngeal area which was causing displacement and narrowing of the cervical trachea and oesophagus. Results of thyroid testing suggested hyperthyroidism. At necropsy, a large, invasive tumour was identified in the ventral cervical region and multiple metastases of various sizes were detected in the lungs. Histopathological examination of the tumour revealed follicular thyroid carcinoma and confirmed widespread pulmonary metastasis.