bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic Catalysts. III. The Catalytic Action of Copper-Iron-Polyphthalocyanine on the Oxidation of Acetaldehyde Ethylene Acetal
Authors: Inoue Hiroo , Kida Yasuji , Imoto Eiji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Copper-iron-polyphthalocyanine shows catalytic activity on the oxidation of acetaldehyde ethylene acetal with oxygen at 30°C; this catalytic activity is remarkably dependent on the atomic ratio of copper to iron ions involved and on the activation energy of the electrical conductivity of copper-iron-polyphthalocyanine. The catalytic oxidation of acetaldehyde ethylene acetal with oxygen in the presence of copper-iron-polyphthalocyanine gives, selectively, ethylene glycol monoacetate as the main reaction product, together with small amounts of ethylene glycol diacetate, ethylene glycol, acetaldehyde, and acetic acid. This catalyst is also effective in the selective oxidation of cumene and benzaldehyde ethylene acetal.
Systematic Synthesis of Ammine Series of Chromium(III) Complexes
Authors: Kyuno Eishin , Kamada Minoru , Tanaka Nobuyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The systematic synthesis of ammine series of chromium (III) complexes has been developed by using aquopentamminechromium(III) nitrate as a starting material. The procedure for the preparation of aquopentamminechromium(III) nitrate was improved to increase the yield. Twenty five sorts of chromium(III) complexes were obtained by the systematic synthesis, of which the procedures for the preparation of eleven sorts of complexes including a new complex, dinitritotetramminechromium(III) bromide, are described. The visible and ultraviolet absorption spectra in aqueous solutions and infrared spectra in solid state of those complexes have been obtained and their structures are discussed.
A Spectrophotometric Study of the Thorium Complex of 2-(1, 8-Dihydroxy-3, 6-disulfo-2-naphthylazo)-phenoxyacetic Acid
Authors: Miyata Haruo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
2-(1, 8-Dihydroxy-3, 6-disulfo-2-naphthylazo)-phcnoxyacetic acid has been synthesized. The acid dissociation constants of the reagent have been determined spectrophotometrically at 25 °C and at an ionic strength of 0.1. The reagent forms a violet 1 : 1 complex with thorium, showing an absorption maximum at 575 mμ in an acidic solution. The apparent stability constant of the thorium complex was measured over the pH range from 1 to 3.5.
The Preparation of Poly(Ethylene Carbamate)
Authors: Fujisawa Tamotsu , Koda Hajime , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Poly(ethylene N-chlorocarbamate) was obtained by the 1,4-addition-type ring-opening polymerization of ethylene N-chloroiminocarbonate with cationic catalysts, such as boron trifluoride etherate or sulfuric acid. Although it is an amorphous, tough elastomer, it is unstable in the air and decomposes to a brittle, pumiceous polymer. The reductions of polyethylene N-chlorocarbamate) by means of an aqueous solution of arsenic trioxide, butanol-zinc powder, t-butanol, and fluorene gave poly(ethylene carbamate), which is a new, stable, hydrogen-bonded polymer.
Kinetic Studies of Bimolecular Nucleophilic Substitution. VI. Rates of the Menschtkin Reaction of Methyl Iodide with Methylamines and Ammonia in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Okamoto Kunio , Fukui Suguru , Shingu Haruo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The kinetics of the reactions of trimethylamine, dimethylamine, methylamine, and ammonia with methyl iodide in aqueous solutions have been investigated at temperatures ranging from 0 to 40°C. Kinetic analyses of the consecutive methylations of dimethylamine and methylamine have been conducted according to the method of French. In the case of ammonia a standard second-order kinetic treatment can be successfully used because of the relative sluggishness of the first stage as compared with the succeeding stages. The observed rates are in the sequence: Me3N&gt;Me2NH&gt;MeNH2&gt;NH3. The factors which affect this rate sequence are discussed.
Darstellung von Aromatischen Keteniminen aus Diphenylmethylenarylaminen
Authors: Ichimura Kunihiro , Ohta Masaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A new route to aromatic ketenimines is described. The reaction of diphenylmethylenearylamines with chloroform/t-butoxide gave 1,3,3-triaryl-2,2-dichloroaziridines which could be pyrolytically converted to N-aryl-α-chlorodiphenylacetimidoyl chloride. When the 2,2-dichloroaziridines were treated with excess sodium iodide in acetone, aromatic ketenimines were obtained in excellent yields.
The Stereoselection Rule for Electrocyclic Interactions
Authors: Fukui Kenichi , Fujimoto Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A general stereoselection rule governing the electrocyclic interactions has been proposed with a molecular orbital rationale. The reactions discussed from a unified point of view cover the ring-closure of polyenes, the Diels-Alder additions, 1,4-dipolar additions, the Cope and the Claisen rearrangements, the hydrogen and the proton migrations, 1,3-dipolar additions, the ring-opening of cyclic olefins, the deamination of cyclic unsaturated imines, 1,2-noncycloadditions, 1,2-eliminations, the nucleophilic displacement with allylic rearrangements, and other cyclic intermediate or complex formations. The relation to the molecular orbital symmetry has been also discussed.
A Spectrophotometric Study of the Thorium Complexes of o-, m-, and p-Nitrophenyl-azo-chromotropic Acids
Authors: Tôei Kyoji , Miyata Haruo , Kimura Hirosumi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
o-, m-, and p-Nitrophenyl-azo-chromotropic acids were prepared as colorimetric reagents for thorium. The acid dissociation constants of the reagents have been determined spectrophotometrically, their pK1 values being 8.96, 8.60, and 8.77 for the and o-, m-, and p-compounds respectively at 25°C and when μ=0.1. The reagents form violet 1 : 1 complexes in an acidic solution. The apparent stability constants have been measured spectrophotometrically. The order of the apparent stability constants of the complexes agrees with that of the first acid dissociation constants of the reagents; m-nitro&gt;p-nitro&gt;o-nitro compounds.
Oxidation of Propylene over the Tin-Antimony Oxide Catalysts. I. Dependency of Acrolein Formation on the Composition of Catalyst and Calcination Conditions
Authors: Wakabayashi Katsuhiko , Kamiya Yoshio , Ohta Nobuto 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
For the purpose of elucidating the catalysis of the binary system consisting of Sn and Sb oxides, recommended in the patent for the oxidation of propylene to acrolein, the oxidation of propylene has been studied; in addition, the X-ray patterns of the system have been investigated. The mixtures of this binary system after sintering were different in color according to the catalyst composition and the calcination conditions. It was found that the color of the catalyst is closely connected with the formation of acrolein, and also that the blue-colored catalysts are effective in the selective production of acrolein. The pure tin oxide catalyst yielded mainly carbon dioxide and monoxide, while the pure antimony yielded scarcely any product. However, a selectivity to acrolein of more than 70% was obtained at 450°C over a catalyst with an optimal composition, for example, one with a Sn to Sb atomic ratio of 3 : 1 which had been calcined at 1000°C for 3 hr. The formation of acrolein was investigated as a function of the catalyst composition and the calcination conditions. According to the X-ray data, Sb oxide was soluble in Sn oxide, thus forming solid solutions, and the mixtures’ becoming colored was attributable to the formation of the solid solutions. It was concluded that the formation of acrolein over this binary system is closely connected with the solid solutions formed between Sn and Sb oxides.
Effects of Pressure on the Chemical Properties of the Solid Surface. IV. Dehydrogenation of Isopropanol on the Compressed CuO-Cr2O3 System
Authors: Ogino Yoshisada , Ono Takehiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In order to examine the idea that the chemical properties of a solid surface would vary on compressions, the catalytic activities of CuO-Cr2O3 samples compressed at 340–5120 kg/cm2 were measured at 100–200°C and under 1 atm pressure. In addition, some experimental studies of the structure of the samples were carried out. The activity of the sample compressed before the reduction decreased monotonously with the compression. It was considered that the retardation of the reaction due to an intra-particle diffusion might be the cause of this activity change. On the other hand, in the case of the sample compressed after the reduction, an unexpected rise in the catalytic activity was found to result from the compression of 3000–4000 kg/cm2. The cause of this phenomenon was thought to be an increase in the surface area resulting from a disintegration of the sample particles. Further, the activation energy was found to decrease on compression. From the results of electron-diffraction studies, it seems that the decrease in the lattice distances of surface copper may be thought to be the cause of this activation-energy change.
Organic Reagents used in Inorganic Analysis. I. Acid Dissociation Constants of Hydroxamic Acids and N-Arylhydroxamic Acids
Authors: Dutt N K , Seshadri T 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A number of derivatives of hydroxamic acids and N-arylhydroxamic acids have been prepared and their acid dissociation constants have been determined in aqueous solutions. The variation of pK has been discussed.
Theoretical Calculation of Fluorescent X-Ray Intensities of Nickel-Iron-Chromium Ternary Alloys
Authors: Shiraiwa Toshio , Fujino Nobukatsu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The fluorescent X-ray intensities of nickel-iron-chromium alloys which cover the entire range of the system are obtained by theoretical calculation. The calculated results show that the iron fluorescent X-ray intensity is much affected by the amount of the other elements, while the nickel and chromium fluorescent X-ray intensities are less affected. The calculated results agree with the experimental results; their difference is less than 1%. In the calculations, the intensities of the primary, the secondary, and the tertiary fluorescent X-rays are obtained, where the primary fluorescent X-rays are defined as being excited by incident X-rays only; the secondary fluorescent X-rays as excited by the primary, and the tertiary fluorescent X-rays, as excited by the secondary fluorescent X-rays. The calculated results show that the secondary fluorescent X-rays are significant, but the tertiary fluorescent X-rays form only a small percentage of the total fluorescent X-rays at most.
The Reaction between Mercury(II) and Organic Compounds. III. Separation and Quantitative Determination of Basic Amino Acids with Mercury(II)-Salt Precipitants
Authors: Kai Fumiaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The particular reactivities between mercury(II) chloride and basic amino acids give such products as [Arg-Hg]Cl·HgCl2, [His-Hg]Cl·HgCl2, and [Lys-Hg]Cl·HgCl2. The possibility of the application of these reactivities to the separation and determination of basic amino acids has now been studied. The products were obtained preferentially from a mixture of various amino acids. The isolation of the mixture of the products could be carried out effectively by the utilization of the different solubilities of the products in aqueous sodium hydroxide. All basic amino acids except His usually do not show any absorption in the ultraviolet region. The above products, however, showed characteristic absorption curves which differed from those of the components. In these spectra, although there were no absorption maxima, calibration curves which were in a good linear relationship could be obtained at any proposed wavelength. By measuring the absorbances of aqueous hydrochloric acid (pH 1.2) or sodium hydroxide (pH 12.0) solutions of the products, quite a small amount of each basic amino acid could be determined spectrophotometrically in the ultraviolet region, within the detectable limits of 4×10−4−6×10−5 m. The accuracy obtained by the determination of the basic amino acid content in an ovalbumin makes it possible to recommend the present methods.
The Rearrangement of 1-Butene-1-14C over the Chromia-Alumina Catalyst
Authors: Okamoto Yoshiyuki , Happel John , K\={o}yama Hiroaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
An investigation of the radioactive carbon rearrangement in the dehydrogenation reaction to produce radioactive 1,3-butadiene from 1-butene-1-14C over the chromia-alumina catalyst was carried out under various conditions. The extent of the carbon-14 rearrangement from the 1-position in the 1-butene to the 2-position in the 1,3-butadiene produced in the reaction was large at higher temperatures. The existence of four-membered ring intermediates on the catalyst was suggested as a possible mechanism for the rearrangement.
The Effect of Sulfur Dioxide in the Radical Reactions of Anthracene
Authors: Takeuchi Hiroshi , Nagai Toshikazu , Tokura Niichiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction of anthracene with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) in benzene solution gives 9-benzoyloxyanthracene (I), without forming any 9,10-dibenzoyloxyanthracene (II). However, in the presence of sulfur dioxide (SO2), the above mentioned reaction produces II, 9,9′-dianthrone (III), and anthraquinone (IV), without any I. These reaction mechanisms could be interpreted as follows: It is considered that, in the addition reaction of anthracene with a benzoyloxy radical (PhCOO·), the 9,10-dihydro-9-benzoyloxyanthryl radical (V) is formed. In the absence of SO2, an intra-molecular aromatization of V occurs by a hydrogen abstraction and a delocalization of the radical. On the contrary, in the presence of SO2, the localization of the V radical is enhanced by the interaction with SO2, thus promoting the reactivity toward the benzoyloxy radical. Moreover, in the experiments using α, α′-azobis-isobutyronitrile (AIBN) in place of BPO, the addition products of 2-cyano-2-propyl radicals with anthracene were isolated. This phenomenon could be explained by the fact that the hydrogen abstractions of the addition products do not occur.
The Oxidations of Thiols and Their Lead Salts
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Endo Tadashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Thiols (thiophenol, thiobenzoic acid and diethyldithiocarbamic acid) react with lead dioxide, chromium trioxide or lead tetraacetate to yield the corresponding metal salts and disulfides together with water or acetic acid. The oxidations of thiophenol by multivalent iodine compounds have been studied. In addition, the redox reaction between a lead salt of a thiol and a disulfide has been investigated and the following order of oxidizing power of the disulfides is indicated: tetra-ethylthiuram disulfide &gt; bis(thiobenzoyl)disulfide &gt; dibenzoyl disulfide &gt; diphenyl disulfide.
Azetidines. II. Some Functional Derivatives of Azetidines
Authors: Chen Teng-yueh , Sanjiki Tetutaro , Kato Hiroshi , Ohta Masaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The sodium methoxide-catalyzed cyclization of methyl α-tosylamino-γ-chlorobutyrate gave methyl 1-tosylazetidine-2-carboxylate, which was then converted to the corresponding carboxylic acid and carbinol. 1-Acetyl-2,2,4,4-tetramethylazetidine-3-carboxylic acid was prepared by the photolysis of 1-acetyl-4-diazo-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidin-3-one. The formation of 1-acetyl-2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-3-azetidinone was confirmed.
Aminocyclitols. XIV. The Synthesis of Streptamine and Actinamine
Authors: Ogawa Seiichiro , Abe Tadashi , Sano Hiroshi , Kotera Keiji , Suami Tetsuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Streptamine, actinamine and scyllo-inosatriamine-1,3,5 have been synthesized from 1,2,3,5-tetra-O-acetyl-4,6-diazido-4,6-dideoxy-myo-inositol. Hydrolysis of this compound gave 5-O-acetyl-4,6-diazido-4,6-dideoxy-myo-inositol, which was a key compound for the synthesis of streptamine and scyllo-inosatriamine-1,3,5, and 4,6-diazido-4,6-dideoxy-myo-inositol which was derived to actinamine. PMR spectra were mainly used to establish the configurations of the new compound obtained.
SCF MO Calculations of Uracil, Lumazine, and Alloxazine, and Their Tautomeric Isomers
Authors: Nishimoto Kichisuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electronic structures of uracil, lumazine, and alloxazine, and all their possible tautomeric isomers have been calculated by the LCAO MO SCF method based on variable beta approximation. The calculated singlet transition energies for diketo forms agree quite well with the experimental results. The present theory suggests that some tautomeric forms of lumazine and alloxazine will behave as both electron donors and electron acceptors. In biological systems, uracil, lumazine, alloxazine, and isoalloxazine will act as both oxidizers and reducers through hydrogen bonds with some molecules, such as protein and DNA.
Complexes of Europium(III) with Nitrate and Chloride Ions in 4 m H(ClO4) and Na(ClO4)
Authors: Sekine Tatsuya , Sakamoto Ichiro , Sato Tatsuo , Taira Tomoe , Hasegawa Yuko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The complex formation of europium(III) with nitrate and chloride ions in 4 m H(ClO4) and 4 m Na(ClO4) was studied at 25 °C, using radioactive tracers at very low concentrations and in conjunction with cation exchange resin. The stability constants were determined graphically by a “curve-fitting” method. The stability constants obtained were as follows:
(Remark: Graphics omitted.)
It was concluded that the stability of the nitrate complexes is nearly comparable with that of the chloride complexes.
Electron Spin Resonance Studies of Diphenyl Nitric Oxide Derivatives
Authors: Yamauchi Jun , Nishiguchi Hiroaki , Mukai Kazuo , Deguchi Yasuo , Takaki Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A series of diaryl nitric oxide radicals have been studied by the use of the electron spin resonance (ESR) technique. Several methyl derivatives of diphenyl nitric oxide were synthesized and their ESR spectra investigated. It has been shown that the hyperfine coupling constants of 14N, especially those of protons, are much affected in the case of the ortho-methylated compounds as a result of steric hindrance, which is discussed using the Hückel molecular-orbital theory and the valence-bond theory. In conclusion, two benzene rings of diphenyl nitric oxide derivatives are equivalently distorted for the symmetrically-substituted compounds and unequiv-alently for the unsymmetrically-substituted compounds. Furthermore, this tendency is strengthened by ortho-substitution.
Formation Constants of Chromium(III) Complexes with Phthalic Acid and the Jumping Property of the Solid Complex
Authors: Higashi Kunishige , Hori Kuniko , Tsuchiya Ryokichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Applying the continuous variation method to a mixed solution of the hexaaquochromium(III) perchlorate and phthalic acid, the complex formed in the aqueous solution was found to have mole ratios of chromium and ligand material of 1 : 1 and 1 : 3 at pH 1–2 and 3–4 respectively. The formation constants of the chromium(III) complexes with phthalic acid were determined by the pH method. The step-by-step formation constants were found to be log k1=5.52, log k2=4.48, and log k3=2.48 respectively. The solid chromium(III) complex with phthalic acid was also prepared. Though it was found to be an amorphous solid by X-ray diffraction measurement, the composition was close to K3[Cr3(ph)3(OH)6(H2O)6] (ph=C8H4O42−). A curious phenomenon was observed in the moist air; the substance in the dried state jumped, probably due to the absorption of water vapor.
Cobalt(IV) Amminecomplexes with 5-Nitrosalicylato Ligands. I
Authors: Yamamoto Yoshihisa , Ito Kazuo , Yoneda Hayami , Mori Masayasu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Co(IV) compounds of the formulae:
(Remark: Graphics omitted.)
have been isolated from the reaction product of salicylatotetraamminecobalt(III) chloride and 60% nitric acid. Valency four was ascertained by magnetic measurements (μeff=1.98 B.M. (A), 1.71 B.M. (B)) and iodometry.
Absorption Spectra and Circular Dichroisms of Metal Complexes. I. Platinum(II)-, Palladium(II)- and Gold(III)-Complexes Containing Optically Active Diamines
Authors: Ito Haruko , Fujita Junnosuke , Saito Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In order to study the nature of absorption bands in square-planar metal complexes of d8 type, a number of platinum (II), palladium (II) and gold(III) complexes containing l-propylenediamine and l-cyclohexanediamine were prepared and their circular dichroism (CD) and rotatory dispersion (RD) as well as absorption spectra (AB) were measured. Three or four absorption bands corresponding to d–d transitions were observed for each platinum(II) and palladium(II) complex. All the complexes, except for [Au(l-pn)2]Cl3, [Au(l-chxn)2]Cl3 and [PdCl2(l-pn)], give two possitive CD bands in the wavelength region from visible to 210 mμ, which are assigned to the spin-forbidden and spin-allowed A1→E transition. Both [Au(l-pn)2]Cl3and [Au(l-chxn)2]Cl3 exhibit only one strong positive CD band corresponding to the ligand field transition probably mixed with charge transfer transition. [PdCl2(l-pn)] gives a weak negative and a strong positive band corresponding to the transitions, A1→A2 and A1→E, respectively. The CD strength of the bis-l-diamine complexes is almost twice those of the mono-l-diamine complexes. The vicinal effect of l-cyclohexanediamine was about twice as strong as that of l-propylenediamine. Absorption spectra of the [MX4]n− (M=Pt2+, Pd2+ and Au3+, X=Cl− and Br−) show a shoulder and two bands in the ultraviolet region adjacent to the ligand field bands. The shoulder band was assigned to the symmetry forbidden, and the two strong bands to the symmetry allowed pπ→dx2−y2 and pσ→dx2−y2 charge transfer transitions. In the [MBr4]n−, the pπ→dx2−y2 band splits into two components, corresponding to A1g→A1u and the other A1g→Eu transition.
Studies of Heteroaromaticity. VIII. Reactivity of Some Nitrile Oxides Conjugated with a Double Bond
Authors: Sasaki Tadashi , Yoshioka Toshiyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Phenyl-, furyl-, and 5-nitro-2-furylacrylonitrile oxides were prepared in situ from the corresponding hydroxamoyl chlorides and a base. They reacted with styrene or aery 1 amide as a dipolarophile to give the corresponding 3, 5-disubstituted isoxazolines in very low yields. These results show that the reactivity of such nitrile oxides was reduced by the presence of a conjugated double bond. Phenyl- and 5-nitro-2-furylacrylonitrile oxides were treated with α-morpholinostyrene to afford 3-styryl-5-morpholino-5-phenyl- and 3-(5-nitro-2-furylvinyl)-5-morpholino-5-phenylisoxazole respectively. The former product was further treated with hydrochloric acid to give 3-styryl-5-phenylisoxazole in a good yield. Phenylacrylonitrile oxide was heated in ethanol with cyanoguanidine, leading to 3-styryl-5-guanidino-1, 2, 4-oxadiazole. 5-Nitro-2-furylacrylhydroxamoyl chloride was treated with sodium azide to give the azido-aldoxime.
The Preparation of cis-3,4-Ureylenethiophane
Authors: Takaya Takao , Yoshimoto Hataaki , Imoto Eiji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The preparation of cis-3,4-ureylenethiophane (23) was attempted through three different routes. cis-3-Carbomethoxyamino-4-carbomethoxythiophane (20A), which had been obtained by the Lossen rearrangement of N-phenylsulfonyloxythiophane-cis-3, 4-dicarboximide (19), was selectively hydrolyzed to cis-3-carbomethoxyamino-4-carboxythiophane (21A), the modified Curtius rearrangement of which gave N-carbomethoxy-cis-3, 4-ureylenethiophane (22A). The alkaline hydrolysis of 22A afforded 23. However, an attempt to prepare 23 through two sulfone derivatives, (6) and (14), was unsuccessful.