bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensing the restoring force characteristics for detached house structural health monitoring using a camera and accelerometer fusion
Authors: Muramatsu Shun , Tamura Keito , Yamamoto Michitaka , Takamatsu Seiichi , Itoh Toshihiro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A new method to sense the restoring force characteristics using camera and accelerometer fusion was developed. Simple methods for monitoring detached wooden houses are required to minimize earthquake damage. The restoring force characteristics, which are calculated using the interstory drift and response acceleration, must be measured. However, the conventional method requires a complex system to synchronize multiple accelerometers and suffers from acceleration integration errors. In this study, a method that uses a camera in addition to an accelerometer was developed. The interstory drift was measured by a camera, and the response acceleration was calculated by adding the ground acceleration measured by the accelerometer and the interstory acceleration. These can be used to obtain the restoring-force characteristics of a house when assuming a single-mass system. In addition, this method has no integration errors as those in previous studies. The scale model experiments demonstrated that the restoring force characteristics could be measured with a measurement error of 1% using a common camera. A shake table experiment demonstrated that the prototype fabricated utilizing the camera and accelerometer successfully measured the restoring force characteristics of a full-scale two-by-four timber-framed building.
Food classifications provide an approximate packaging indicator to support monitoring of mismanaged plastic waste
Authors: Dzodzomenyo Mawuli , Asamoah Moses , Okotto-Okotto Joseph , Okotto Lorna-Grace , Wanza Peggy , Myers-Hansen Gustavus A. , Wright Jim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mismanaged plastic waste undermines environmental quality, aquatic ecosystems and ultimately public health. Mismanaged plastics increasingly originate from urban populations lacking waste collection services. Household expenditure survey analyses have quantified plastic waste generation among these populations, but only for individual products (e.g. bagged or bottled drinking-water), not for the overall packaging profile of households’ basket-of-goods. This study aims to evaluate how far the international NOVA classification of foods/beverages and commodity classifications by residents predict plastic food packaging. Via a cross-sectional market surveillance survey, packaging was observed for 502 and 396 transactions at selected retail outlets serving low-income areas of Greater Accra, Ghana, and Kisumu, Kenya respectively. In both cities, NOVA processed/ultra-processed food and food/beverage classes created by local residents were significantly associated with greater plastic food packaging, with similar predictive performance. Plastic packaging prevalence was also significantly higher in supermarkets. Plastic packaging use was significantly lower in Kisumu, where single-use carrier bags are banned. Thus, given their international availability and national representativeness, household expenditure surveys have potential for monitoring to inform policy by targeting plastic pollution hot-spots. However, survey-based monitoring should incorporate expert knowledge of national context and the retail environment to reflect the realities of packaging use.
Health risk assessment via Monte Carlo simulation and sensitivity analysis for fluoride and nitrate content in bottled waters consumed in Kermanshah city, Iran
Authors: Mianeh Hanieh Yari , Amiri Laya , Jafari Ali , Nourozi Nasim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Bottled water consumption has increased in recent decade due to many reasons, especially significant decline in water quality and quantity. The concentration of fluoride and nitrate in bottled waters may vary based on brands and locations. This study was carried out to determine the levels of fluoride and nitrate in bottled waters consumed in Kermanshah city and assess the related non -carcinogenic risks. Totally, 22 brands of bottled water were collected from markets. Fluoride and nitrate measurement was conducted via a UV-visible spectrophotometer (DR-5000). From the results, Fluoride and nitrate levels in the studied bottled waters were 0.32 ± 0.18 mg/L and 2.3 ± 1.41 mg/L, respectively. The risk of non-carcinogenic in term of HQ for fluoride exposure, for only 2 brands of bottled water were > 1 for infants group. HQ was less than 1 for nitrate in all the brands for all the age groups revealed non-carcinogen risks. Hazard index (HI) calculation showed that only in 2 brands of bottled water HI was > 1 for infants group. The HI were as infants (0.64) > children (0.36) > teenagers (0.27) > adults (0.24). From Monte Carlo simulation, 95th Percentile for nitrate and fluoride was less than 1 for all the groups. This result indicated non-carcinogenic risks of nitrate and fluoride for 95% of the studied groups. Moreover, sensitivity analysis showered that concentration for both nitrate and fluoride had the highest effect on HQ for all the groups. From this work, although fluoride and nitrate content in the bottled waters were at standard range, but infants were proportionally at higher risk.
A reduced order pseudochannel model accounting for flow maldistribution in automotive catalysis
Authors: Chanda Nagarajan Pratheeba , Ström Henrik , Sjöblom Jonas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Exhaust aftertreatment systems (EATS) play a critical role in reducing emissions and ensuring compliance with stringent emission regulations. Catalytic converters, as part of EATS, involve complex physico-chemical processes. To accurately predict their behavior in realistic geometries, transient 3D models are necessary. However, the computational cost associated with simulations based on such models prevents their application to long-time behaviors as well as in real-time control and diagnostics. While single-channel models (SCMs) are computationally efficient, they struggle to provide accurate predictions during real-time operations with flow maldistribution. In this study, we propose a pseudochannel model derived using steady-state reactive 3D simulations and a nonlinear least squares optimization technique. We show that the performance of this pseudochannel model is superior to a conventional SCM in both transient and steady state test cases. At the same time, the computational cost of the pseudochannel model is equivalent to that of the SCM. These results imply that flow maldistribution effects can be well incorporated in SCMs via a pseudochannel approach that relies on relatively inexpensive steady-state system data.
Poldip2 promotes mtDNA elimination during Drosophila spermatogenesis to ensure maternal inheritance
Authors: Wang Ziming , Meerod Tirawit , Cortes-Silva Nuria , Chiang Ason C-Y , Nie Ziyan , Di Ying , Mu Peiqiang , Verma Ankit , Reid Adam James , Ma Hansong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Maternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is highly conserved in metazoans. While many species eliminate paternal mtDNA during late sperm development to foster maternal inheritance, the regulatory mechanisms governing this process remain elusive. Through a forward genetic screen in Drosophila, we identified 47 mutant lines exhibiting substantial retention of mtDNA in mature sperm. We mapped one line to poldip2, a gene predominantly expressed in the testis. Disruption of poldip2 led to substantial mtDNA retention in mature sperm and subsequent paternal transmission to progeny. Further investigation via imaging, biochemical analyses and ChIP assays revealed that Poldip2 is a mitochondrial matrix protein capable of binding mtDNA. Moreover, we showed that ClpX, the key component of a major mitochondrial protease, interacts with Poldip2 to co-regulate mtDNA elimination in Drosophila spermatids. This study sheds light on the mechanisms underlying mtDNA removal during spermatogenesis and underscores the pivotal role of this process in safeguarding maternal inheritance.
Low‐frequency noise removal and acoustic spectral distribution assessment method for high‐voltage power transformers with varying service lifetimes
Authors: Liu Yunpeng , Chen Guanyu , Xu Fuseng , Zhao Tao , Liu Hongliang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe acoustic signals of power transformers serve as key indicators for assessing operational statuses and detecting internal mechanical issues. However, low‐frequency noise, such as fan noise, often obscures critical features. This study introduces an adaptive low‐frequency denoising algorithm based on the filtered‐x least mean square (FxLMS) model. By optimising the step size and convergence factor, the algorithm resolves the peak offset issue in traditional LMS methods, enhances denoising performance and computational efficiency, and demonstrates effectiveness in practical scenarios. Using denoised acoustic data, quantitative analysis based on information entropy (frequency complexity analysis (FCA)) evaluates changes in mechanical properties. The analysis indicates that healthy transformers exhibit lower FCA values, whereas aged transformers show values approximately double those of healthy units, reflecting the mechanical changes associated with normal ageing. Further analysis of transformers commissioned in 2004 reveals that FCA values of abnormally aged transformers exceed three times those of typically aged units, indicating severe mechanical degradation. These findings demonstrate that combining the FxLMS algorithm with FCA analysis effectively extracts denoised acoustic features and distinguishes between healthy states, normal ageing, and abnormal ageing in transformers.
Versorgung mit Blut und Blutprodukten in militärischen
Einsatzgebieten
Authors: Sauer Diana , Meyer Jürgen 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungDas Trauma mit hämorrhagischem Schock ist eine der führenden Todesursachen in
militärischen Konflikten. Die möglichst frühzeitige optimale Versorgung
inklusive Transfusion von Blut(-produkten) im Rahmen der sogenannten Damage
Control Resuscitation spielt hierbei eine zentrale Rolle. Eine besondere
Herausforderung im militärischen Einsatz stellt in Bezug auf die Blutversorgung
die Logistik hinsichtlich des Transportes wie auch vor Ort dar. Eingeschränkte
Ressourcen im Hinblick auf Produkte, Material, Laborkapazität und Personal
wirken sich ebenso aus. Eindeutig favorisiert für die Versorgung von akut
blutenden Traumapatienten wird aus medizinischer wie auch logistischer Sicht
Vollblut, hier vor allem Vollblut der Blutgruppe Null mit niedrigem
Isoagglutinintiter (LTOWB). Dieses kommt bis dato in der Bundeswehr aufgrund
fehlender rechtlicher Rahmenbedingungen jedoch nicht zum Einsatz.Nationale Notfallpläne zur resilienten Versorgung in militärischen und
nicht-militärischen Krisen sind unabdingbar und werden von der EU-Kommission in
der 2024 verabschiedeten SoHO-Verordnung gefordert, auch um internationale
Abstimmungen zur Interoperabilität zu ermöglichen.
Impfschutz bei Patienten mit dialysepflichtiger Niereninsuffizienz
Authors: Girndt Matthias 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungVerschiedene Einflüsse beeinträchtigen die Immunabwehr bei chronischer Niereninsuffizienz. Toxische Einflüsse urämiebedingt retinierter Stoffe 1, Inflammation durch verminderte Elimination von Zytokinen 2, 3 und regelmäßiger Kontakt zwischen Blut und Kunststoffoberflächen der Dialysesysteme 4 sind einige der Belastungen, die zum erhöhten Risiko für Infektionen beitragen. Besonders respiratorischen Infektionen kommt eine besondere Bedeutung zu, die Sterblichkeit hierdurch liegt ca. 15-fach höher als in der Allgemeinbevölkerung 5. Impfmaßnahmen gegen Influenza oder SARS-CoV-2 („severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2“) sind bei Gesunden sehr effektiv. Bei chronischer Nierenkrankheit ist ihre Wirksamkeit, die aufgrund der Immunschwäche durchaus nicht selbstverständlich ist, schwer zu bewerten, denn Impfstudien bei dieser Patientengruppe sind meist relativ klein. Daher ist dieser kürzlich erschienene systematische Review zu serologischen Ergebnissen der Impfungen gegen Influenza und SARS-CoV-2 bei Dialysepatienten sehr interessant.
Impfschutz vor Pneumonien bei CKD
Authors: Kunter Uta 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungInfektionen, insbesondere der unteren Atemwege, gehören zu den häufigsten Hospitalisierungsanlässen und sind weltweit die zweithäufigste Todesursache bei Patienten mit fortgeschrittener chronischer Nierenerkrankung (CKD: „chronic kidney disease“). Deren oft höheres Lebensalter und ausgeprägte Komorbidität tragen erheblich dazu bei. Pneumonien führen nicht nur unmittelbar zu Morbidität, Mortalität und Ressourcenverbrauch, sondern erhöhen das Risiko des Patienten für einen vorzeitigen (vor allem kardiovaskulären) Tod noch bis zu 10 Jahre nach einem überstandenen Infekt. Immundefizienz/Immunsuppression ist – nicht unerwartet – als unabhängiger Risikofaktor für ambulant erworbene Pneumonien nachgewiesen worden. Eine konsequente Prävention durch Impfung ist unerlässlich. Mit nachlassender Nierenfunktion nimmt die Impfantwort ab, Grundimmunisierungen sollten daher möglichst frühzeitig durchgeführt beziehungsweise vervollständigt werden. Zu den drei wichtigsten Impfungen bei CKD gehören saisonale Influenza, COVID-19 („coronavirus SARS-CoV-2“) und Pneumokokken, letztere ab sofort mit einem 20-valenten Konjugatimpfstoff (PCV20). Neu zugelassen wurden 2 RSV-Impfstoffe (RSV: „respiratory syncytial virus“). Zu den selteneren Ursachen von Atemwegsinfektionen gehören Masern und Varizellen, entsprechende Lebendimpfungen müssen rechtzeitig vor dem Beginn einer medikamentösen Immunsuppression abgeschlossen werden.
Besonderheiten des Impfens nach Nierentransplantation
Authors: Jansen Sarah , Weber Peter , Rohn Hana , Witzke Oliver 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungPatienten nach einer Nierentransplantation (NTx) sind besonders anfällig für Infektionen, da ihre Immunantwort durch immunsuppressive Therapien stark beeinträchtigt wird. Infektionen erhöhen nicht nur das Risiko für Morbidität und Mortalität, sondern können auch die Funktion des Nierentransplantats beeinträchtigen und Abstoßungsreaktionen auslösen. Daher ist die Infektionsprävention für die wachsende Anzahl an Transplantationsempfängern von höchster Bedeutung. Das Risiko einer Infektion und die Möglichkeit, Infektionen durch Impfungen zu verhindern, hängen direkt vom „net state of immunosuppression“ des einzelnen Patienten ab. Impfantworten und Sicherheitsprofile können bei Transplantationspatienten erheblich von denen der Allgemeinbevölkerung abweichen, was unterschiedliche Impfstrategien und Booster-Impfung in dieser vulnerablen Patientengruppe erforderlich macht. Zum Schutz der immunsupprimierten Patienten können neben Impfstoffen auch passive Immunisierungen, wie intravenöse Immunglobuline und zusätzliche Maßnahmen wie antivirale Prophylaxe nach Influenza-Exposition notwendig sein.
History Page: Milestones in the History of the European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology
Authors: Vanhoenacker Filip M. , Kainberger Franz 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis history page is dedicated to the history of the European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology (ESSR), a relatively young radiologic society dedicated to musculoskeletal radiology. Since its very modest beginnings in 1993, the society has gradually grown to become one of the largest and most respected subspecialty imaging societies in and beyond Europe.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Thumb Carpometacarpal Arthroplasty: Preoperative Evaluation and Postoperative Imaging
Authors: Lemos Diego F. , Kanner Christopher D. , Geeslin Matthew G. , Lack Mark E. , Benoit Michel Y. , Alaia Erin F. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this review we discuss the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) arthroplasty, both the preoperative evaluation and particularly the postoperative MRI of different surgical options for patients with advanced degenerative disease of the basal joint of the thumb. The first CMC joint is one of the most frequently involved articulations in the hand and wrist in the setting of degenerative osteoarthrosis and certainly a pain generator and important cause of disability due to its significant impact on hand function. It is the most common joint for which surgery is sought in the wrist. Radiologists interpreting imaging studies of patients with first CMC joint arthroplasty must be familiar with the normal and abnormal preoperative appearance of the thumb basal joint. Moreover, knowledge of the normal postoperative MRI findings, as well as the appearance of patterns of failure and complications, is of paramount importance.
Accelerating plasma and radiation surface science using transient grating spectroscopy
Authors: Wylie A. P. C. , Woller K. B. , Rae M. , Lanzrath A. T. , Dacus B. R. , Ferry S. E. , Short M. P. 
Published: February 2025

A facility for the investigation of in situ radiation-materials and plasma-materials interaction is demonstrated with tungsten, using transient grating spectroscopy as a probe of thermal diffusivity and surface acoustic wave speed. Helium plasma exposure at 645 °C to 1.18 × 1018 cm−2 helium, until the growth of tungsten fuzz, showed an increase in surface acoustic wave speed at the near-surface from 2542 ± 1 m s−1 up to 2565 ± 1 m s−1, followed by a greater drop to 2499 ± 7 m s−1. No observable change in thermal diffusivity was present for plasma exposure alone. A separate 10.26 MeV self-ion-irradiation of tungsten to a dose of 7.92 dpa showed a reduction in both thermal diffusivity from 61.4 ± 1.4 mm2 s−1 to 36.0 ± 0.7 mm2 s−1, following trends seen in existing studies, and surface acoustic wave speed from 2647.8 ± 0.6 m s−1 to 2640.0 ± 0.4 m s−1. Facilities like these are poised to rapidly close critical knowledge gaps regarding the coupled effects of plasma and radiation damage for materials in fusion systems.
Lyapunov exponents of orthogonal-plus-normal cocycles
Authors: Bednarski Sam , Quas Anthony 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We consider products of matrices of the form

A
n

=

O
n

+
ϵ

N
n

where

(

O
n

)

n
⩾
1

is a sequence of d × d orthogonal matrices, Nn
has independent standard normal entries and where the

(

N
n

)

n
⩾
1

are mutually independent. We study the Lyapunov exponents of the cocycle as a function of ε, giving an exact expression for the jth Lyapunov exponent in terms of the Gram–Schmidt orthogonalization of

I
+
ϵ
N

. Further, we study the asymptotics of these exponents, showing that

λ
j

=
(
d
−
2
j
)

ϵ
2

/

2
+
O
(

ϵ
4

|

log
⁡
ϵ

|

4

)

.
Metrical properties for the product of consecutive partial quotients in Hurwitz continued fractions*
Authors: He Yubin , Xiao Qian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Let

[
0
;

a
1

(
z
)
,

a
2

(
z
)
,
…
]

be the Hurwitz continued fraction expansion of a complex irrational number

z
∈

F

:=
{
x
+
i
y
:
x
,
y
∈
[
−
1

/

2
,
1

/

2
)
}

, where

a
n

(
z
)

are Gaussian integers and

|

a
n

(
z
)

|

⩾

2

. This paper aims to study the growth rate of the product of consecutive partial quotients. Specifically, for any integer

m
⩾
1

, we provide a criterion for determining the Lebesgue measure of the set

{
z
∈

F

:

|

a

n
+
1

(
z
)

⋯

a

n
+
m

(
z
)

|

>
ψ

(
n
)

for infinitely many
n
}

,

where

ψ
:

N

→

R

+

is a positive function. Let h be a positive and continuous function on the compact set

F

―

. We further obtain the Hausdorff dimension of the set

{
z
∈

F

:

|

a

n
+
1

(
z
)

⋯

a

n
+
m

(
z
)

|

>

e

h

(
z
)

+
⋯
+
h

(

T

n
−
1

z
)

for infinitely many
n
}

and show that this set has large intersection property, where

T
:

F

→

F

is the Hurwitz map induced by Hurwitz continued fractions. This extends the main result of Bugeaud et al (2023 arXiv:2306.08254).
Effects of neutral point defects on the electronic and magnetic properties in Penta-CoS2 monolayer
Authors: Debbichi M , Ayadi T , Lebègue S 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Penta-CoS2 monolayer exhibits exceptional electronic and electrochemical properties. However, its magnetic applications are hindered by a low transition temperature. The effects of intrinsic defects on its electronic and magnetic properties remains unexplored. Using first-principles calculations, we conduct a comprehensive study of the atomic structure, energy stability, and the electronic and magnetic properties of eight common neutral point defects in the Penta-CoS2 monolayer. We find that the S
Co
antisite defect has the lowest formation energy. Additionally, the band gap of the Penta-CoS2 monolayer can be significantly reduced by introducing defects and vacancies. Notably, the introduction of a cobalt vacancy (V
Co
) renders the material half-metallic. Furthermore, the presence of point defects disrupts the original configuration, leading to a substantial increase in the transition temperature. This effect is especially pronounced for single vacancies and antisite defects, where the transition temperature can reach room temperature. Overall, we found that the magnetic properties of the Penta-CoS2 monolayer remain robust in the presence of point defects. Therefore, controlling defect formation in the Penta-CoS2 monolayer presents exciting opportunities for developing new functionalities and applications in electronics and spintronics.
Exploring chirped cosh-Gaussian laser beam for optimized electron acceleration in vacuum
Authors: Sharma Vivek , Thakur Vishal 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This research examines the dynamics of a cosh-Gaussian laser pulse travelling through vacuum and its impact on electron acceleration. We examine the impact of several critical factors, such as laser electric field amplitude, decentered parameter, beam waist, and laser chirp parameter, on the energy gain of electrons using coupled momentum equations. Our results indicate that the energy acquisition of electrons escalates with the amplitude of the laser electric field, the decentered parameter, and the chirp parameter. An appropriate beam waist is essential for attaining energy-efficient electron acceleration in a vacuum. Through the optimization of these parameters, we get a maximum electron energy gain of 2.80 GeV. This study highlights the significance of customized laser pulse attributes in improving electron acceleration and aids in the progression of high-energy particle physics.
Characterization results of the first full-scale readout HYLITE chip for STARLIGHT
Authors: Jia X. , Li M. , Wei W. , Zhang J. , Jiang X. , Ju X. , Li Z. , Liu P. , Sun T. , Sheng Z. , Yin H. , Xu G. , Sun P. , Liu Z. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Shanghai HIgh repetition rate XFEL aNd Extreme light facility (SHINE) is a free electron laser facility with a high pulse repetition rate of up to 1 MHz. STARLIGHT (SemiconducTor Array detectoR with Large dynamIc ranGe and cHarge inTegrating readout) is a pixel array detector with a high frame rate (≥ 10 kHz) and a large dynamic range (up to 104 photons of 12.4 keV), which is being developed for SHINE. The readout ASIC utilized by STARLIGHT in the front-end module is HYLITE (High dYmamic range free electron Laser Imaging deTEctor). HYLITE200F with 200 μm × 200 μm pixel size and 64 × 64 pixels is the first full-scale chip of the HYLITE series.

To facilitate the improvement of the detector, the performances of the single chip and a detector prototype module with 2 × 2 ASICs are carefully evaluated, especially in terms of gain, noise, and dynamic range. The test results show that the gains of the HYLITE200F chip are uniform with a single-photon resolution. Meanwhile, the chip maintains a good linearity at 104 photons of 12 keV. After bump-bonding with the sensor, the performance of HYLITE200F still fulfills the requirements.