bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INDEPENDENCE OF THE THYROID AND ADRENAL GLAND IN POTASSIUM THIOCYANATE (KCNS) INDUCED HYPOTENSION IN RATS
Authors: de Jong W. , de Wied D. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
KCNS administered to intact rats depressed thyroidal radioiodine (131I) uptake and accelerated thyroidal 131I release. A marked thyroidal hypertrophy was present following administration of KCNS for 16 days. The same treatment caused a sustained fall in blood pressure (BP). This hypotensive effect was not affected by thyroxine treatment, thyroidectomy, thyroidectomy plus thyroxine treatment, placement of a hypothalamic lesion, and hypophysectomy plus thyrotrophin (TSH) treatment.
Pituitary-adrenal activity in KCNS-treated rats was not changed but the secretion of aldosterone appeared to be increased. A lowering of BP following KCNS treatment also occurred in adrenalectomized rats, and in adrenalectomized rats treated with corticosterone or aldosterone. Dexamethasone in adrenalectomized as well as in intact rats blocked KCNS-induced hypotension. From this study it is concluded that the lowering of BP as caused by KCNS treatment in the rat, is independent of alterations in the function of the thyroid and the adrenal gland.
ABNORMAL REGULATION OF THYROID FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC CHAGA'S DISEASE
Authors: Lomonaco D. A. , Oliveira H. L. , Kieffer J. , Pieroni R. R. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The problem of thyroid dysfunction in Chagas' disease is discussed on the basis of the functional study of three series of patients with the chronic form of the disease. There was no significant association between Chagas' disease and goiter. No significant difference was found between the average plasma PBI in the groups of patients and that of the control groups. However, the values in the Chagas groups showed a much wider dispersion than those of the non Chagas controls; the difference between the corresponding variances was statistically significant. A loss of efficiency of the mechanisms concerned with the homeostasis of circulating thyroid hormone seems to occur in chronic Chagas' disease. This is interpreted as a possible result of the nervous lesion characteristic of the disease, which might involve neuronal links of homeostatic circuits responsible for the release of TSH.
A COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS FOR MEASUREMENT OF ALDOSTERONE SECRETION RATE IN MAN
Authors: Lund-Johansen P. , Thorsen T. , Støa K. F. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A comparison has been made between (A), a relatively simple method for the measurement of aldosterone secretion rate, based on paper chromatography and direct densitometry of the aldosterone spot and (B) a more elaborate isotope derivative method.
The mean secretion rate in 9 normal subjects was 112 ± 26 μg per 24 hours (method A) and 135 ± 35 μg per 24 hours (method B). The »secretion rate« in one adrenalectomized subject after the intravenous injection of 250 μg of aldosterone was 230 μg per 24 hours (method A) and 294 μg per 24 hours (method B). There was no significant difference in the mean values, and correlation between the two methods was good (r = 0.80).
It is concluded that the densitometric method is suitable for clinical purposes as well as research, being more rapid and less expensive than the isotope derivative method. Method A also measures the urinary excretion of the aldosterone 3-oxo-conjugate, which is of interest in many pathological conditions. The densitometric method is obviously the less sensitive and a prerequisite for its use is an aldosterone secretion of 20—30 μg per 24 hours. Lower values are, however, rare in adults.
PRE-TRAUMA OESTROGEN REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUCTION OF DECIDUALIZATION IN SPAYED, PROGESTERONE-TREATED RATS
Authors: Cartoni Carla Rossi , Bignami G. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The formation of deciduomata was investigated in ovariectomized rats treated with various combinations of oestrogen and progesterone before traumatization. The hormonal treatment was kept constant for all groups of animals during the period between traumatization and autopsy (4 mg of progesterone and 0.2 μg of oestradiol benzoate daily). Uterine weight and carbonic anhydrase activity were measured 96 hours after trauma and compared with those of intact controls receiving traumatization on day 4 of pseudopregnancy. When a single dose of oestrogen was given on the day before traumatization, induction of decidualization was successful under a wide variety of experimental conditions (presence or absence of oestrogen »priming« before the beginning of the progesterone treatment; progesterone treatment of varying duration). On the contrary, treatment with divided doses of oestrogen, given for 3 days before trauma, allowed extensive decidualization only in rats »primed« with oestrogen, and traumatized on the fourth day of a progesterone treatment started 24 hours after vaginal keratinization.
It appears therefore that only the »oestrogen surge« hypothesis of Shelesnyak and his collaborators can account for those conditions in which implantation occurs at variable intervals of time after the last oestrus (lactation, hypophyseal autotransplantation, administration of a tranquilizer and early ovariectomy followed by hormonal treatment). On the other hand, both the hypothesis of Shelesnyak and that proposed by Yochim & DeFeo (1963) (i. e. continuous secretion of small amounts of oestrogen during the first three days of pregnancy and pseudopregnancy) could account for the rapid waxing and waning of endometrial sensitivity to deciduoma-inducing stimuli observed in normal pregnancy and pseudo-pregnancy.
EFFECT OF OPERATION ON THE KIDNEY FUNCTION AND ON THE BEHAVIOUR OF A TRACER DOSE OF 85Sr IN TWO PATIENTS WITH HYPERPARATHYROIDISM AND SEVERE HYPERCALCAEMIA
Authors: Coenegracht J. , Dorleyn M. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Two cases of severe hypercalcaemia due to parathyroid adenoma are reported.
In one of the patients an acute hypercalcaemic crisis occurred with a breakdown of renal function and rapidly progressive signs of myocardial damage. An emergency operation was performed from which the patient made a successful recovery.
The effects of hypercalcaemia on the kidney function in this patient are reported in detail.
In both cases an unexpected difference in the alteration of the serum and urinary concentrations of 85Sr and stable calcium was observed after operation. The possible significance of this finding is discussed.
ISOLATION OF A2 CELLS FROM THE PANCREATIC ISLETS FOR ULTRAMTCROCHEMICAL ANALYSES
Authors: Brolin Sven E. , Lundquist Gudmar , Petersson Birger 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Fresh cryostat sections of guinea-pig pancreas immersed in cold heptane and examined by dark field microscopy show a distinct pattern which allows identification and isolation of different islet components. Groups of cells with silvery white refractile bodies in their cytoplasm can be dissected accurately enough to provide a practically pure population of endocrine cells. Cytological studies show that the cells represent the A2 type. Aggregates composed of B cells and A1 cells can also be isolated. The technical procedure is described in detail.
INSULIN AND GLUCOSE IN PLASMA FROM UMBILICAL VEIN AND HEEL BLOOD OF NEWBORN INFANTS OF DIABETIC WOMEN
Authors: Pedersen Jørgen , Pedersen L. Mølsted , Jørgensen Kai R. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The concentrations of insulin and glucose were estimated simultaneously in plasma from umbilical vein and from heel-stab blood of newborn infants of diabetic and non-diabetic women in the fasting state and after glucose injection into the umbilical vein.
In infants of diabetic mothers a rapid and high increase in insulin concentration was seen in plasma from the umbilical vein and also, although to a lesser extent, from the peripheral blood. In infants of non-diabetic mothers a slow rise was seen in umbilical vein plasma, but no rise at all in the peripheral blood.
The plasma glucose concentration in umbilical vein as well as in heelstab blood rose and fell without any difference being found between the two groups of infants, in contrast to the great differences in their insulin concentrations.
FATE OF OESTRIOL-3-SULPHATE AND OESTRIOL-16-GLUCOSIDURONATE IN THE INTACT FOETO-PLACENTAL UNIT AT MIDPREGNANCY
Authors: Goebelsmann U. , Eriksson G. , Diczfalusy E. , Levitz M. , Condon G. P. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
In two cases of therapeutic abortion by laparotomy, tracer amounts of 3H-labelled oestriol-3-sulphate (OE3-3S) and 14C-labelled oestriol-16-glucosiduronate (OE3-16GI) were injected into the umbilical vein 15 minutes prior to the interruption of gestation and the radioactive material recovered from the maternal urine, placenta, various foetal tissues and urine was analysed.
Some four times more 3H- than 14C-labelled material was excreted in the urine of the mothers. Approximately 90% of both isotopes was identified as OE3-16GI.
From the placentas more than twice as much 14C- as 3H-labelled meterial was recovered. All the 14C-labelled material was present in the form of glucosiduronate. Approximately 40% of the 3H-labelled material was identified as unconjugated oestriol (OE3), some 2% was present in the form of unidentified unconjugated material, and the rest was OE3-3S.3-3S.
All the 3H-labelled material present in the foetal organism was identified as OE3-3S, indicating lack of metabolism of this conjugate by the foetus. On the other hand, the 14C-labelled OE3-16GI was metabolised by the foetus. A small part of it was converted into OE3-3S, which was present only in the liver. In addition, all foetal tissues contained considerable quantities of 14C-labelled oestriol-3-sulphate,16-glucosiduronate (OE3-3S,16GI) accompanied by smaller amounts of a 14C-labelled glucosiduronate of OE3, which was considerably more polar than OE3-16GI.
The foetal urine contained only 14C-labelled glucosiduronates of OE3.
ÜBER DAS VERHALTEN DER CORTICOSTEROIDE IM PLASMA BEI DIABETES INSIPIDUS-KRANKEN WÄHREND DER INSULINHYPOGLYKÄMIE
Authors: Bethge H. , Irmscher K. , von der Nahmer D. , Solbach H. G. , Zimmermann H. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Estimations of corticosteroids in the plasma and of blood sugar were carried out during insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in seven patients with central diabetes insipidus. The values so obtained were compared with those of ten healthy subjects. Considering the fall in blood sugar and the increase in corticosteroids in the plasma no difference was noted in the two groups. This was the case with regard to dynamics, extent and time of duration of both parameters. It was concluded that: 1. Adiuretin is not responsible for physiological corticotrophin liberation. 2. According to clinical experience the function of the pituitary adrenal system is normal in patients with uncomplicated central diabetes insipidus. This also holds true in stress conditions, i. e. insulin-induced hypoglycaemia. The results support the findings in animal experiments of other investigators and suggest that in man too the synthesis of adiuretin and corticotrophin releasing factor takes place in different areas of the hypothalamus.
ART- UND GESCHLECHTSUNTERSCHIEDE IN DER THYROXINSEKRETIONSRATE VON MOSCHUS-UND PEKINGENTEN
Authors: von Faber Hans , Schreiber Hermann 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The thyroxine secretion rate was estimated by the goiter prevention test in Muscovy and Pekin ducklings which were 4 weeks old. Expressed as amount of L-Thyroxine/day/100 g body weight the following values have been determined: Muscovy males 0.78 μg, Muscovy females 0.97 μg; Pekin males 1.46 μg, Pekin females 1.76 μg. The corresponding body weights were 954, 718, 1212 and 1213 g, respectively.
EFFECTS OF EPINEPHRINE ON THE PRODUCTION AND METABOLIC CLEARANCE OF CORTISOL IN NORMAL MEN AND WOMEN AND IN WOMEN WITH IDIOPATHIC HIRSUTISM
Authors: Segre E. J. , Friedrich E. H. , Dodek O. I. , Lloyd C. W. , Lobotsky J. , Levin J. , Klaiber E. L. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The influence of epinephrine on the metabolic clearance rate (MCR) and production rate (PR) of cortisol was determined in normal men and women and in women with idiopathic hirsutism. MCR was measured using a constant infusion of 3H-cortisol and PR calculated as the product of MCR and plasma cortisol concentration according to the model of Tait. After control observations 0.5 μg/kg epinephrine was injected intravenously in one minute followed by a constant infusion at a rate of 0.5 mg/h.
The mean cortisol MCR was 10.3 litres/h in males and 7.9 litres/h in females. In neither sex was it altered by epinephrine. The mean baseline cortisol PR in males was 568 μg/h; it increased to 940 μg/h with epinephrine (P < .025 > .01). In hirsute females the mean baseline cortisol PR was 697 μg/h with an increase to 1067 μg/h with epinephrine. In normal females, the increase in cortisol PR was less (515 μg/h to 638 μg/h).
Adrenal responsiveness to epinephrine, as measured by the production of cortisol, appears greater in hirsute than in normal women. Possible relationships between this difference and the development of hirsutism are discussed.
INSULIN SENSITIVITY AND ADRENOCORTICAL FUNCTION IN GUINEA-PIGS WITH HYPOTHALAMIC LESIONS
Authors: Benson Bryant 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Insulin hypersensitivity was displayed by adult, male guinea-pigs with bilateral, electrolytic lesions in the anterior and middle hypothalamus. The increased hypoglycaemic response to a single intraperitoneal injection of insulin (0.5 U/kg) was followed by marked hypoglycaemia unresponsiveness compared with preoperative control values. The most effective lesions were those centered in and about the ventromedian and dorsomedian hypothalamic nuclei, either ablating a portion of the anterior median eminence or leaving it entirely intact. Animals with both types of lesions had lower fasting blood sugar levels and marked adrenal regression as evidenced by reduced adrenal weights and decreased levels of 17-hydroxycorticosteroid excretion. It is postulated that lesions in the ventromedian and dorsomedian hypothalamus which interfere with adrenocortical function correspond in anatomic site to those which render the guinea-pig more sensitive to insulin.
THE EFFECT OF THE LONG TERM ADMINISTRATION OF ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES ON EXCRETION VALUES FOR FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE AND LUTEINISING HORMONE
Authors: Bell E. T. , Herbst A. L. , Krishnamurti Mariamma , Loraine J. A. , Mears Eleanor , Jackson Margaret C. N. , Garcia C-R. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Pituitary gonadotrophic function together with urinary steroid excretion has been studied in four women during and following long term therapy with oral contraceptives. Assays of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were performed in all subjects while luteinising hormone (LH) output was measured in two.
Estimations of urinary oestrogens and pregnanediol indicated absence of ovarian activity during treatment and the resumption of ovulation in the first or second post-treatment cycle.
In the three women who received progestogen-oestrogen mixtures depression of FSH and LH activities during treatment was noted. In the subject receiving a progestogen alone such a depression did not occur.
Following withdrawal of medication urinary FSH excretion remained similar to that during treatment while LH levels either rose or were unchanged.
It is concluded that the long term effects of oral contraceptives on pituitary gonadotrophic function are variable and may depend on such factors as the composition of the tablet administered, its total dosage and the duration of therapy.
IMMUNOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN IN URINE AND SERUM OF PREGNANT WOMEN AND WOMEN WITH A HYDATIDIFORM MOLE
Authors: Wide Leif , Hobson Bruce 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
When human chorionic gonadotrophin from the urine of pregnant women is assayed both biologically and immunologically, the ratio (B/I) between the two activities is less than unity, and changes as pregnancy progresses. This suggests that the two methods do not wholly measure the same activity. Urines from women with a hydatidiform mole have a B/I ratio higher than urines from women with normal pregnancies, and this difference can be used to distinguish between a pregnancy and a hydatidiform mole. The B/I ratio of the serum from pregnant women is significantly higher than that of the urine. The B/I ratio of serum from women with a hydatidiform mole, and from those with a normal pregnancy, are of the same magnitude. Factors which might influence the immunological and biological HCG activity in the urine and serum are discussed.
ESTIMATION OF ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE IN THE URINE OF HEALTHY SUBJECTS AND PATIENTS WITH INAPPROPRIATE SECRETION OF VASOPRESSIN (SCHWARTZ-BARTTER SYNDROME)
Authors: Ruch W. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The excretion of antidiuretic hormone in the urine was determined in healthy subjects and patients with inappropriate secretion of vasopressin. The antidiuretic hormone was extracted by means of an ion exchanger and assayed in hydrated rats under alcohol anaesthesia.
The urine of patients with inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion shows a higher antidiuretic activity than that of normal subjects.
STUDIES OF 47CA METABOLISM IN SARCOIDOSIS: EVIDENCE FOR INCREASED SENSITIVITY OF BONE TO VITAMIN D
Authors: Bell Norman H. , Bartter Frederic C. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Calcium metabolism was studied in two patients with sarcoidosis and hypercalcaemia before and again after treatment with prednisone. Calcium balance, miscible calcium pool (P), calcium »accretion« rate (vo+) and »bone resorption« rate (vo−) were measured.
In both patients before treatment, faecal calcium was low and serum and urinary calcium were elevated, P was normal and vo+ and vo− were elevated.
In both patients after treatment with prednisone, faecal calcium had increased and serum and urinary calcium, P, vo+ and vo− had decreased. The results are interpreted to mean that in sarcoidosis, the bones as well as the gastrointestinal tract are sensitive to vitamin D.
CONVERSION OF DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE-7α-3H TO OESTROGENS BY CORPUS LUTEUM, PLACENTA, AND PLACENTA PLUS FOETAL VISCERA IN EARLY HUMAN PREGNANCY
Authors: Wu Chung-Hsiu , Flickinger George L. , Touchstone Joseph C. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A corpus luteum, placenta, and placenta plus foetal viscera of a 13-week old human pregnancy were incubated with dehydroepiandrosterone-7α-3H in vitro. Conversion to oestrone and 17β-oestradiol was found in all incubates. Oestriol was formed from dehydroepiandrosterone only in the incubate of placenta plus foetal viscera. Thus, in early pregnancy dehydroepiandrosterone may serve as a precursor for oestrogen biosynthesis not only in the foeto-placental compartment, but also in the corpus luteum.
ENDOCRINOLOGICAL STUDIES OF A CASE OF MOSAICISM (XO/XY/XXY) WITH CLINICAL APPEARANCE OF TESTICULAR FEMINIZATION SYNDROME
Authors: Uozumi Tohru , Nozaki Ryoichi , Matsumoto Keishi , Seki Tokuichiro , Furuyama Jun-ichi 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A patient, aged 20, with a mosaicism of XO/XY/XXY (23:21:14) in the sex chromosome is described. The clinical picture of the patient was similar to that of the testicular feminization syndrome. The patient had three brothers but no sisters. Maternal history was negative. Although the preoperative urinary 17-ketosteroid excretion was double that of normal male adults, urinary oestrogens were within the normal range of adult males. It was found that the urinary 17-KS especially C19O2-17-KS and oestrogens markedly decreased after removal of the gonads while the urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids remained almost unchanged. An in vitro biosynthesis of the steroids was studied with pregnenolone used as a substrate in the testicular tissue from cryptorchid gonads. From the results obtained there is nothing to suggest that this endocrine disorder could be explained by an inability to synthesize testosterone. The formation of oestrogens in vitro was not demonstrated.
THE ADRENAL REPONSE OF HAMSTERS, GERBILS AND RATS TO EXOGENOUS CORTICOTROPHIN OR UNILATERAL ADRENALECTOMY
Authors: Robinson Paul F. , Reiter Russel J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Either unilateral or sham adrenalectomy caused a marked decrease in the ascorbic acid content of the remaining adrenal gland of the rat. An even greater drop of this constituent was obtained one hour after the administration of 10 IU of corticotrophin.
Rat adrenal cholesterol was somewhat less responsive to the above treatment.
Unilateral or sham adrenalectomy had no significant effect on adrenal ascorbic acid or cholesterol in the hamster.
Twenty IU of corticotrophin caused a 20% drop in hamster adrenal cholesterol whereas 10 IU did not.
The response of the Mongolian gerbil to corticotrophin or adrenalectomy, either unilateral or sham, was approximately the same as that of the rat.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTISERUM TO PURIFIED GONADOTROPHINS FROM RAT PITUITARY GLANDS
Authors: Lunenfeld B. , Eshkol Aliza , Baldratti G. , Suchowsky G. K. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Antiserum to a gonadotrophic extract of rat pituitary glands was prepared and investigated:
In specific assays the antiserum neutralized rat FSH and LH, as well as the total gonadotrophic effect measured by the mouse uterus test. The antiserum did not counteract the gonadotrophic activity of HMG and HCG, but inhibited endogenous mouse gonadotrophins. The antiserum interrupted the continuous oestrous cycle in androgen sterilized rats. When antiserum was injected into mature female rats starting on the day of cornification, the leucocytic smear appeared within 24 hours and persisted for the duration of the injections. Immunoelectrophoretic studies with the antiserum revealed formation of precipitation lines with the antigen used for immunization and with rat serum. The antiserum cross-reacted in vitro with mouse serum. No precipitin lines were observed,against normal human serum, human menopausal gonadotrophins or human chorionic gonadotrophin.
The response of antiserum treated immature mice and rats to human gonadotrophins is described. Interpretation of these findings is based on previous observations in hypophysectomized animals.
The possible use of animals immunologically deprived of endogenous gonadotrophins for the study of the response to specific human gonadotrophins is discussed.
The significance of substituting hypophysectomized animals for antiserum treated rodents is outlined.
HISTOMETRIC INVESTIGATIONS ON THE TESTICULAR TISSUE OF RATS WITH ALLOXAN DIABETES AND CHINESE HAMSTERS WITH SPONTANEOUS DIABETES
Authors: Schöffling Karl , Federlin Konrad , Schmitt Werner , Friedrich Pfeiffer Ernst 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A qualitative as well as quantitative analysis of testicular tissue was made in 15 rats with alloxan diabetes, 11 Chinese hamsters with spontaneous diabetes, and 6 control animals of each species to determine whether morphological changes also occur in the diabetic test animal. Histometric determinations in both test groups showed a marked decrease in germinal epithelium throughout the testicular tissue and an increase in lumen. The interstitial tissue showed no significant quantitative dissimilarity between healthy and diseased animals. In both animal species we found that the more serious the metabolic disorder was during the period of observation, the more marked were the changes in the germinal epithelium and in the lumen. Qualitatively, disorders of various degrees were found, from a reduced number of sperms and spermatids to severe inhibition of spermatogenesis with cessation of spermatogenesis at the stage of primary spermatocytes. In addition, we observed in both animal species, a marked decline in the number of Leydig cells in cases of severe metabolic disorder. In the diabetic animal as well as in the diabetic human male, the changes in the testes can be determined histologically and both are indicative of hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism frequently encountered in diabetes mellitus.