bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suppression of Torque Ripple in Switched Reluctance Motors Which is Based on Synchronization Technology
Authors: Li Huixiu , Wei Qingtao , Zhang Liying , Li Nan 
Published: April 2024

The double salient pole structure of Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) makes its electromagnetic field exist nonlinear saturation characteristics, resulting in its large torque pulsation in operation, so it is difficult to achieve speed regulation smoothly by traditional control methods. In view of this problem, a sliding mode control strategy which is based on synchronous transmission technology was proposed.Firstly, the basic structure of switched reluctance motor was analyzed, and the mathematical model of mechanical motion of switched reluctance motor was established. Secondly, an improved sliding mode controller which is based on synchronous signal transmission technology was designed by analyzing the reason of large torque ripple of switched reluctance motor, and the stability of the system was proved. Finally, simulation is used to verify the effectiveness of the control strategy.Compared with the traditional PID (Proportional Integral Differential) control algorithm, this control technology not only suppresses the SRM torque ripple effectively , but also makes the sliding mode controller output the precise target electromagnetic torque quickly by increasing the control variables. The results of research indicate that this design can not only restrain the torque ripple effectively, but also adjust the convergence speed and overshoot of the controller by adjusting the design parameters.
Improved contrastive learning model via identification of false‐negatives in self‐supervised learning
Authors: Auh Joonsun , Cho Changsik , Kim Seon‐tae 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSelf‐supervised learning is a method that learns the data representation through unlabeled data. It is efficient because it learns from large‐scale unlabeled data and through continuous research, performance comparable to supervised learning has been reached. Contrastive learning, a type of self‐supervised learning algorithm, utilizes data similarity to perform instance‐level learning within an embedding space. However, it suffers from the problem of false‐negatives, which are the misclassification of data class during training the data representation. They result in loss of information and deteriorate the performance of the model. This study employed cosine similarity and temperature simultaneously to identify false‐negatives and mitigate their impact to improve the performance of the contrastive learning model. The proposed method exhibited a performance improvement of up to 2.7% compared with the existing algorithm on the CIFAR‐100 dataset. Improved performance on other datasets such as CIFAR‐10 and ImageNet was also observed.
Associations between Antenatal Care Visit Attendance and Infant Mortality and Growth
Authors: Lansdale Aimee J. , Bountogo Mamadou , Sie Ali , Zakane Alphonse , Compaoré Guillaume , Ouedraogo Thierry , Lebas Elodie , Lietman Thomas , Oldenburg Catherine E. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT.
This study examines the association between antenatal care (ANC) attendance and infant mortality and growth outcomes. The study used data from the Nouveux-nés et Azithromycine: une Innovation dans le Traitement des Enfants (NAITRE) trial conducted in Burkina Faso. This analysis included 21,795 neonates aged 8 to 27 days who were enrolled in the trial and had ANC data available. Infants were followed until 6 months of age. The analysis adjusted for potential confounders including infant’s sex, maternal age, education, urbanicity, geographic region, season (dry versus rainy), pregnancy type (singleton versus multiple), number of previous pregnancies, if the infant was breastfed, and if the facility had an onsite physician to account for level of care. We used logistic and linear regression models to evaluate the association between ANC visits and all-cause infant mortality and infant growth measurements at 6 months. There was no significant association between ANC visits and 6-month mortality. Higher ANC attendance was associated with improved growth outcomes in infants at 6 months of age. After adjusting for potential confounders, each additional ANC visit was associated with a 0.03 kg increase in mean weight, 0.07 cm increase in mean length, 0.04 SD increase in mean mid-upper-arm circumference, 0.04 SD increase in mean height-for-age, 0.04 SD mean weight-for-age, and 0.02 SD mean weight-for-length Z-scores. These mean differences were statistically significant (except for weight-for-length Z-scores) but may not be clinically meaningful. Further research is warranted to explore the relationship between ANC attendance and longer-term health outcomes among infants.
The Effect of Compensation, Mutation and Work Discipline on the Performance of PT. Indomarco Prismatama Gunung Sahari Branch 2 North Jakarta
Authors: L Richo Santuryan , Karyatun Subur , Digdowiseiso Kumba 
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of compensation, mutation and work discipline on the performance of employees of PT. Indomarco Prismatama Gunung Sahari 2 Branch, North Jakarta. This type of research uses descriptive quantitative methods and inferential analysis using primary data in the form of a closed questionnaire to 100 respondents, and the data is analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. From the data that has fulfilled the validity test, reliability test, classic assumption test and model feasibility test, the regression equation is obtained, as follows: Y = 0.171K + 0.277M + 0.533 DK The results of the regression analysis in this study show that compensation (X1) has a positive and significant effect on employee performance (Y), mutations (X2) have a positive and significant effect on employee performance (Y), work discipline (X3) has a positive and significant effect on employee performance (Y), In an effort to improve employee performance, PT. Indomarco Prismatama Branch Gunung Sahari 2 North Jakarta needs to pay attention and know what is the problem because it can be used as a basis for correcting weaknesses and maintaining effectiveness through compensation, transfers and good work discipline.
Keunggulan Tartil Al Qur’an melalui Metode Ummi di SMK Al Kautsar
Authors: Hasyir Abdullah Al , Nuraeni Heni Ani 
Published: April 2024

Reading The Qur'an With Tartil Is An Obligation For Every Muslim. Therefore Muslims Are Required To Improve The Reading Of The Qur'an Well And Accurately With The Right Rhythm. Of Course Tartil Reading Requires A Method, And One Of These Methods Is The Ummi Method. This Method Includes Tartil Reading According To Tajweed Rules By Emphasizing The Love Of Systematic And Practical Reading Methods To Be Learned Applying Sequential Reading. This study discusses the advantages of reading Tartil Al-Qur'an Ummi method for Class X students of SMK Al Kauthar Jakarta. By Using Qualitative Research, This Study Tries To Introduce And Provide Knowledge About Practical And Systematic Methods In Learning To Read The Qur'an. The Main Data Sources Of This Study Are Islamic Religious Education Teachers And Religious Teachers. Primary Data sources from Reference Book of ummi method secondary research include previous research Data, bibliography Book of Ummi method. Data collection techniques the results of this study are the advantages of tartil Al quran through the method of Ummi diSMK Al kautsar Jakarta in increasing the quality in reading the quran is located from the quality system, a simple system, easy to understand and quality. There is also a comparison of some of the same methods used to learn to read the quran but don’t same with ummi method
Athletic Training and Therapy
Authors: Kahanov Leamor , Payne Ellen K. 
Published: April 2024

Athletic Training and Therapy: Foundations of Behavior and Practice builds upon an undergraduate understanding of health and exercise sciences to instill an evidence-based, graduate-level knowledge of best practices in athletic training and health care. This text integrates essential competencies outlined by the AT Strategic Alliance, a collaboration of the National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA), Board of Certification (BOC), and Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE).
Athletic Training and Therapy highlights contemporary concepts not often found in other introductory texts, such as cultural literacy, interprofessional practice, preventative health care, administrative management, special populations, and epidemiology. Students gain a complete picture of their role as an athletic trainer as they explore these topics and progress through the text.
Part I covers foundational clinical competencies that will guide students in their future professional practice. Part II features holistic wellness concepts and proactive strategies to prevent illness and injury. Part III presents emergency interventions for acute injury and immediate care. Part IV offers information on evaluating illness and injury. Part V addresses therapeutic and medical interventions, including therapeutic exercises, pharmacology, and casting procedures.
The full-color text engages students and fosters comprehension with learning aids:
Evidence-Based Athletic Training sidebars that highlight a position statement, systematic literature review, or high-level randomized control trialsFoundational Skills sidebars that provide step-by-step instructions for common skills required of entry-level athletic trainersChapter summaries of key conceptsLearning objectives to help students focus their studies during their graduate education and during preparation for the BOC examinationRelated digital content delivered through HKPropel: videos of select skills and techniques, gradable chapter quizzes, case studies with critical thinking questions for each chapter, check sheets that can be used to grade students on their ability to accurately perform foundational skills, and flash card activities to self-test on glossary definitions
Athletic Training and Therapy offers advanced athletic training students an engaging presentation of the clinical skills they will need as a successful member of the interprofessional health care team.
Design and evaluation of a low-cost sensor node for near-background methane measurement
Authors: Furuta Daniel , Wilson Bruce , Presto Albert A. , Li Jiayu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. We developed a low-cost methane sensing node incorporating two metal oxide (MOx) sensors (Figaro Engineering TGS2611-E00 and TGS2600), humidity and temperature sensing, data storage, and telemetry. We deployed the prototype sensor alongside a reference methane analyzer at two sites: one outdoors and one indoors. We collected data at each site for several months across a range of environmental conditions (particularly temperature and humidity) and methane levels. We explored calibration models to investigate the performance of our system and its suitability for methane background monitoring and enhancement detection, first selecting a linear regression to fit a sensor baseline response and then fitting methane response by the sensor deviation from baseline. We achieved moderate accuracy in a 2 to 10 ppm methane range compared to data from the reference analyzer (RMSE < 0.6 ppm), but we found that the sensor response varied over time, possibly as a result of changes in non-targeted gas concentrations. We suggest that this cross sensitivity may be responsible for mixed results in previous studies. We discuss the implications of our results for the use of these and similar inexpensive MOx sensors for methane monitoring in the 2 to 10 ppm range.
Investigation of gravity waves using measurements from a sodium temperature/wind lidar operated in multi-direction mode
Authors: Cao Bing , Liu Alan Z. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. A narrow-band sodium lidar provides high temporal and vertical resolution observations of sodium density, atmospheric temperature, and wind that facilitate the investigation of atmospheric waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (80–105 km). In order to retrieve full vector winds, such a lidar is usually configured in a multi-direction observing mode, with laser beams pointing to the zenith and several off-zenith directions. Gravity wave events were observed by such a lidar system from 06:30 to 11:00 UT on 14 January 2002 at Maui, Hawaii (20.7° N, 156.3° W). A novel method based on cross-spectrum was proposed to derive the horizontal wave information from the phase shifts among measurements in different directions. At least two wave packets were identified using this method: one with a period of ∼ 1.6 h, a horizontal wavelength of ∼ 438 km, and propagating toward the southwest; and the other one with a ∼ 3.2 h period, a ∼ 934 km horizontal wavelength, and propagating toward the northwest. The background atmosphere states were also fully measured and all intrinsic wave properties of the wave packets were derived. Dispersion and polarization relations were used to diagnose wave propagation and dissipation. It was revealed that both wave packets propagate through multiple thin evanescent layers and are possibly partially reflected but still get a good portion of energy to penetrate higher altitudes. A sensitivity study demonstrates the capability of this method in detecting medium-scale and medium-frequency gravity waves. With continuous and high-quality measurements from similar lidar systems worldwide, this method can be utilized to detect and study the characteristics of gravity waves of specific spatiotemporal scales.
Modelling wind farm effects in HARMONIE–AROME (cycle 43.2.2) – Part 1: Implementation and evaluation
Authors: Fischereit Jana , Vedel Henrik , Larsén Xiaoli Guo , Theeuwes Natalie E. , Giebel Gregor , Kaas Eigil 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. With increasing number and proximity of wind farms, it becomes crucial to consider wind farm effects (WFEs) in the numerical weather prediction (NWP) models used to forecast power production. Furthermore, these WFEs are also expected to affect other weather-related parameters at least locally. Thus, we implement the explicit wake parameterization (EWP) in the NWP model HARMONIE–AROME (hereafter HARMONIE) along-side the existing wind farm parameterization (WFP) by Fitch et al. (2012) (FITCH). We evaluate and compare the two WFPs against research flight measurements as well as against similar simulations performed with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model using case studies. The case studies include a case for WFEs above a wind farm as well as two cases for WFEs at hub height in the wake of farms. The results show that EWP and FITCH have been correctly implemented in HARMONIE. For the simulated cases, EWP underestimates the WFEs on wind speed and strongly underestimates the effect on turbulent kinetic energy (TKE). FITCH agrees better with the observations, and WFEs on TKE are particularly well captured by HARMONIE–FITCH. After this successful evaluation, simulations with all wind turbines in Europe will be performed with HARMONIE and presented in the second part of this paper series.
Análise espacial de casos prováveis de Zika em São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil
Authors: Araujo Adriana , Rodrigues Zulimar , Soares Thalita , Neto José , Junior José 
Published: April 2024

Contexto: A zika é uma arbovirose transmitida pelo mosquito Aedes aegypti através do vírus (ZIKV). Os primeiros casos da presença do vírus no Brasil aconteceram no nordeste brasileiro ainda no ano de 2014. Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar a análise espacial de casos prováveis de Zika, relacionando a taxa de incidência com índice de infestação predial (IIP) por Aedes aegypti em 2016 no município de São Luís, estado de Maranhão, Brasil. Desenvolvimento: Estudo ecológico de casos prováveis de Zika no município de São Luís, estado de Maranhão. Foi realizada análise descritiva de sexo e faixa etária e calculadas as taxas de incidência e ajustadas pelo estimador bayesiano empírico local. A análise descritiva foi realizada no software STATA® versão 14.0. Utilizou-se o software GeoDa versão 1.10 para calcular os Índices de Moran Global e Local. Resultados: Constatou-se maior concentração de casos de Zika no sexo feminino (67,77%) e a faixa etária na fase adulta de 20-34 anos (39,37%). O Índice de Moran Local identificou na região central do município clusters para bairros e suas regiões vizinhas com alta incidência e clusters de baixa incidência no norte e sul do município. Verificou-se com o índice de Moran Local clusters de alta incidência em áreas com IIP≥1% nas regiões norte, nordeste e noroeste do município e ainda outliers de bairros com alta de incidência em áreas com IIP<1% no norte, nordeste noroeste e centro do município.
Declining Inflation-Adjusted Medicare Physician Fees: An Unsustainable Trend in Hip Arthroscopy
Authors: Kim Andrew G. , Rizk Adam A. , Ina Jason G. , Magister Steven J. , Salata Michael J. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Although hip arthroscopy continues to be one of the most used arthroscopic procedures, no focused, comprehensive evaluation of reimbursement trends has been conducted. The purpose of this study was to analyze the temporal Medicare reimbursement trends for hip arthroscopy procedures.

Methods:
From 2011 to 2021, the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule Look-Up Tool was queried for Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes related to hip arthroscopy (29860 to 29863, 29914 to 29916). All monetary data were adjusted to 2021 US dollars. The compound annual growth rate and total percentage change were calculated. Mann-Kendall trend tests were used to evaluate the reimbursement trends.

Results:
Based on the unadjusted values, a significant increase in physician fee was observed from 2011 to 2021 for CPT codes 29861 (removal of loose or foreign bodies; % change: 3.49, P = 0.03) and 29862 (chondroplasty, abrasion arthroplasty, labral resection; % change: 3.19, P = 0.03). The remaining CPT codes experienced no notable changes in reimbursement based on the unadjusted values. After adjusting for inflation, all seven of the hip arthroscopy CPT codes were observed to experience a notable decline in Medicare reimbursement. Hip arthroscopy with acetabuloplasty (CPT: 29915) and labral repair (CPT: 29916) exhibited the greatest reduction in reimbursement with a decrease in physician fee of 24.69% (P < 0.001) and 24.64% (P < 0.001), respectively, over the study period.

Discussion:
Medicare reimbursement for all seven of the commonly used hip arthroscopy services did not keep up with inflation, demonstrating marked reductions from 2011 to 2021. Specifically, the inflation-adjusted reimbursements decreased between 19.23% and 24.69% between 2011 and 2021.
Women's Representation as Principal Investigators Among Pediatric Orthopaedic Clinical Trials: An Analysis of ClinicalTrials.Gov
Authors: Karimi Amir H. , Burkhart Robert J. , Lavu Monish , Shah Aakash K. , Mistovich R. Justin 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Despite recent efforts to increase the participation of women in orthopaedic surgery, there remains a gender gap, particularly when compared with other medical specialties. Acting as a principal investigator (PI) in a clinical trial can give physicians notable exposure and national recognition, which can improve their chances of promotion and tenure. This study aims to assess the proportion of women serving as PIs in pediatric orthopaedic clinical trials, examine associated trial characteristics, and explore geographic distribution.

Methods:
A cross-sectional analysis of clinical trials was conducted using data from the ClinicalTrials.gov registry. Specific search terms were used to identify pediatric orthopaedic trials. Data on trial characteristics, including phase, status, funding source, and intervention type, were collected. PI sex was determined using Genderize.io, an application program interface that predicts the sex of individuals based on their name, and the geographic distribution of women PIs was examined.

Results:
From 2007 to 2022, women PIs increased from zero to 26.86%. The United States saw no significant increase (β = 1.553; P = 0.125), but international trials did (β = 2.845; P = 0.008). Women PIs led more active/completed trials and trials with behavioral/other interventions. Geographic analysis showed higher representation in North America (38.47%), especially the Northeast (28.17%) and West (25.35%). The United States had 28.74% women PIs, with California (15.49%) leading.

Conclusion:
Progress toward gender parity in pediatric orthopaedic research is evident; however, disparities still exist. Efforts to provide additional research opportunities for women in orthopaedics may be crucial in attracting and retaining diverse talent in the field. Targeted initiatives may have potential in achieving equal representation in orthopaedics.
The effect of special exercises on some functional variables and cognitive abilities and their relationship to the level of performance of second-class referees in the game of football
Authors: Ali Mahdi Hadi Al-Jamali  , Hisham Atta Abdul Hussein Al-Jubouri  
Published: April 2024

ان معرفة تأثير تمرينات خاصة (بدنية ، مهارية ، معرفية) لحكام كرة القدم في الناقل العصبي (السيروتونين) وسكر الدم والقدرات المعرفية، هو ما تلخصت اليه هذه الدراسة وهدفت الى اعداد تمرينات خاصة للياقة الفسيولوجية وتحركات ومواقف تحكيمية، والتعرف على مستوى تراكيز السيروتونين وسكر الدم والقدرات المعرفية ومستوى الاداء لحكام الدرجة الثانية بكرة القدم وتأثير التمرينات عليهما، في حين تبلورت مشكلة البحث حول عدم التوحيد بين قرارات الحكام وانخفاض مؤشرات اللياقة البدنية والفسيولوجية والفشل في الاختبارات العملية والمعرفية المؤهلة لتحكيم الدوريات الاعلى درجة، ومن اجل توحيد القرار بين طاقم التحكيم وتحسين او تطوير اتخاذ القرار التحكيمي الصحيح المبني على منظومة وظيفية منسجمة متكاملة في قيادة مباريات كرة القدم في مختلف الظروف التي يتعرض لها الحكام ومستوى ادائهم , دون حصر مجريات التدريب بالجوانب البدنية فقط وانما معرفياً وبدنيا ومهارياً وفسيولوجياً وخططياً ونفسياً ،وان المنهجية لحل مشكلة البحث كانت من خلال البحث التجريبي، وتمثلت عينة البحث في حكام كرة القدم الدرجة الثانية في محافظة كركوك، وان التمرينات الخاصة تنوعت بين بدنية ، مهارية ، لياقة فسيولوجية، معرفية ، خططية وتمرينات مركبة بين بدني مهاري خططي معرفي لتوجيه نظر السادة المسؤولين عن التحكيم إلى أهمية ادخال التمارين اللياقية الفسيولوجية اعلاه، ما يشكل إضافة للمفاهيم الخاصة بتحكيم كرة القدم وان اهم الاستنتاجات كانت ان زيادة نسبة السيروتونين تؤدي الى حدوث التعب المركزي نتيجة الجهد الفسيولوجي البدني الطويل ، وان انخفاض نسبة السكر بالدم نتيجة الجهد الفسيولوجي البدني هو مؤشر طبيعي ، ويوصي الباحثان الى وضع مناهج تدريبية علمية معززة بالاهتمام باللياقة الفسيولوجية والاستعانة بالأجهزة الفسيولوجية الحديثة،من اهداف التنمية المستدامة التي يدعمها البحث هو حفظ الصحة واللياقة البدنية الفسيولوجية وتعزيزها لحكام كرة القدم وهو أمر أساسي من مواصفات الحكم لإدارة وتحكيم المباريات ولتحقيق تنمية رياضية ، اقتصادية واجتماعية مستدامة.
Self-awareness and its relationship to academic achievement in artistic gymnastics for female students
Authors: Zahraa Muhammad Hadi  , Nawfal Lazim Jumaa  
Published: April 2024

يهدف البحث الى التعرف على واقع الوعي الذاتي ودرجة التحصيل الدراسي في مادة الجمناستك الفني للطالبات ، والتعرف على العلاقة الارتباطية ما بين الوعي الذاتي والتحصيل الدراسي في مادة الجمناستك الفني للطالبات ، واستعمل المنهج الوصفي بالأسلوب المسحي والعلاقات الارتباطية ، واختيرت عينة البحث لطالبات المرحلة الرابعة في كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة – جامعة بابل ، للعام الدراسي 2023 - 2024 ، والبالغ عددهم (34) طالبة ، وتم اعتماد مقياس الوعي الذاتي المتكون من (42) فقرة يمثلن (5) مجالات ، وتم الحصول على درجة التحصيل الدراسي لمادة الجمناستك الفني للطالبات والتي تعتبر درجة السعي للكورس الأول والتي تقديرها (50) درجة . وطبق المقياس واستحصلت درجات مادة الجمناستك الفني للطالبات ، وخرج البحث بمجموعة من الاستنتاجات منها هناك علاقة ارتباطية طردية ايجابية بين الوعي الذاتي والتحصيل الدراسي في مادة الجمناستك للطالبات ، ومن التوصيات التي خرج بها البحث إقامة الندوات التي تهدف الى تعريف الطلبة بالوعي الذاتي لتنميته لديهم .