bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated plasma homocysteine levels in L-dopa-treated Parkinson's disease patients with dyskinesias
Authors: Zoccolella Stefano , Lamberti Paolo , Iliceto Giovanni , Dell'Aquila Claudia , Diroma Cosimo , Fraddosio Angela , Lamberti Simona V. , Armenise Elio , Defazio Giovanni , Mari Michele de , Livrea Paolo 
Published: June 2006

AbstractClin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:863–6.
Lack of association between α2B-adrenergic receptor polymorphism and risk of restenosis following coronary angioplasty and stent implantation – preliminary report
Authors: Manolis Antonis S. , Patsouras Nikolaos , Ilias Ioannis , Constantakopoulos John , Pyriohou Anastasia , Lymperopoulos Anastasios , Spathas Dionysios H. , Flordellis Christodoulos S. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractClin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:807–12.
The Hog Cycle and the Cobweb Theorem
Authors: Harlow Arthur A. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractA surprisingly regular four year cycle in hogs has become apparent in the past ten years. This regularity presents an unusual opportunity to study the mechanism of the cycle because it suggests the cycle may be inherent within the industry rather than the result of lagged responses to outside influences. The cobweb theorem is often mentioned as a theoretical tool for explaining the hog cycle, although a two year cycle is usually predicted. When the nature of the hog industry is examined, certain factors become apparent which enable the cobweb theorem to serve as a theoretical basis for the present four year cycle.
Negative Pollution Taxes for Controlling Wind Erosion
Authors: Bunn Julie A. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThis article explores the use of a negative pollution tax to control erosion in semiarid agriculture. This tax operates on the setting of either one or two threshold levels. With two threshold levels, T‐max identifies the maximum acceptable limit of pollution and T‐min identifies the desirable or target level. Above T‐max, fines or penalties are imposed; below T‐min, the farm, county, or state is paid for their superior achievement. Although from a theoretical perspective the negative pollution tax has several attractive features, from an operational and political point of view many obstacles to its implementation must be surmounted.
Market Efficiency and Marketing to Enhance Income of Crop Producers
Authors: Zulauf Carl R. , Irwin Scott H. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractRecent changes in farm policy have renewed interest in using marketing strategies based on futures and options markets to enhance the income of field crop producers. This article reviews the main concepts and associated empirical research of the dominant academic theory concerning the behavior of futures and options markets, namely, the efficient market hypothesis. This rich conceptual and empirical base provides several important insights. One is that, although individuals can beat the market, few can consistently do so. This insight is consistent with Grossman and Stiglitz's model of market efficiency, in which individuals who consistently earn trading returns have superior access to information or superior analytical ability. One implication is that, with few exceptions, the crop producers who survive will be those with the lowest cost of production because efforts to improve revenue through better marketing will have limited success. Some successful marketing strategies do appear to exist, but generally they are based on using the market as a source of information. One example is to base storage decisions on whether the current basis exceeds the cost of storage and then to use hedging to ensure an expected positive return.
The influence of tin compounds on the dynamic properties of liposome membranes: A study using the ESR method
Authors: Man Dariusz , Podolak Marian , Engel Grzegorz 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe influence of organic and inorganic compounds of tin on the dynamic properties of liposome membranes obtained in the process of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) sonication in distilled water was investigated. This was carried out by means of the spin ESR probe method. The probes were selected in such a way as to penetrate different areas of the membrane (a TEMPO probe, 5-DOXYL stearic acid, 16-DOXYL stearic acid). Four compounds of tin were chosen: three organic ones, (CH3)4Sn, (C2H5)4Sn and (C3H7)3SnCl, and one inorganic one, SnCl2. The investigated compounds were added to a liposome dispersion, which was prepared prior to that. The concentration of the admixture was changed within the values from 0 to 10%-mole in proportion to DPPC. The studies indicated that the chlorides of tin display the highest activity in their interaction with liposome membranes. Since these compounds have ionic form in a water solution, the obtained result can mean that this form of admixture has a considerable influence on its activity. Furthermore, it was found that there is a slightly stronger influence of tin compounds with a longer hydrocarbon chain on changes in the probes’ spectroscopic parameters.
Effect of wall properties on the behavior of bench‐scale reverse flow reactors
Authors: Hevia Miguel A. G. , Ordóñez Salvador , Díez Fernando V. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractAlthough in big‐sized industrial fixed bed combustors the effect of the reactor wall in heat transfer phenomena can often be neglected, this is not so for smaller reactors. This article focuses on the study of the wall influence (especially the effect of the wall physical properties, such as thickness, heat capacity, and thermal conductivity) in the performance of bench scale reverse flow reactors. The reaction considered is the combustion of methane lean mixtures, very relevant for environmental applications, and useful as a model for VOC combustion. The study was carried out both experimentally (in a bench‐scale apparatus, equipped with a temperature control system that minimizes the heat exchange between the reactor and the surroundings) and by simulations (using a heterogeneous one‐dimensional model). The results confirm the importance of the wall effects on the performance of reverse flow reactors, and the influence of the physical properties of the wall is reported. So, higher wall thermal conductivity leads to a decrease in the reactor stability range. High wall heat capacity is also detrimental for the reactor performance, although its effect depends strongly on the range of the wall thermal conductivity considered. Finally, the stability range of reverse flow reactors is less affected by wall effects as the surface velocity increases. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
Three‐dimensional atlas of lymph node topography based on the visible human data set
Authors: Qatarneh Sharif M. , Kiricuta Ion‐Christian , Brahme Anders , Tiede Ulf , Lind Bengt K. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractComprehensive atlases of lymph node topography are necessary tools to provide a detailed description of the lymphatic distribution in relation to other organs and structures. Despite the recent developments of atlases and guidelines focusing on definitions of lymphatic regions, a comprehensive and detailed description of the three‐dimensional (3D) nodal distribution is lacking. This article describes a new 3D atlas of lymph node topography based on the digital images of the Visible Human Male Anatomical (VHMA) data set. About 1,200 lymph nodes were localized in the data set and their distribution was compared with data from current cross‐sectional lymphatic atlases. The identified nodes were delineated and then labeled with different colors that corresponded to their anatomical locations. A series of 2D illustrations, showing discrete locations, description, and distribution of major lymph nodes, was compiled to form a cross‐sectional atlas. The resultant contours of all localized nodes in the VHMA data set were superimposed to develop a volumetric model. A 3D reconstruction was generated for the lymph nodes and surrounding structures. The volumetric lymph node topography was also integrated into the existing VOXEL‐MAN digital atlas to obtain an interactive and photo‐realistic visualization of the lymph nodes showing their proximity to blood vessels and surrounding organs. The lymph node topography forms part of our whole body atlas database, which includes organs, definitions, and parameters that are related to radiation therapy. The lymph node topography atlas could be utilized for visualization and exploration of the 3D lymphatic distribution to assist in defining the target volume for treatment based on the lymphatic spread surrounding the primary tumor. Anat Rec (Part B: New Anat) 289B:98–111, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prospective randomized trial of clips versus subcuticular polydioxanone for neck wound closure
Authors: Reed M R , Lennard T W J 
Published: June 2006

Abstract
Seventy-three questionnaires were returned, of which 68 were assessable: 34 for polydioxanone and 34 for clips.
Pain score and length of stay (from hospital computer records) were compared with the two-sample t test. Cosmetic score results were not normally distributed (skewed towards a good result), so these were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test.
Colour flow duplex imaging of occlusive arterial disease of the lower limb
Authors: Pemberton M , London N J M 
Published: June 2006

Abstract

Background
The development of duplex ultrasonography and colour flow imaging has greatly extended the scope of non-invasive assessment of lower limb arterial disease. This review questions whether recent advances might allow colour duplex imaging to displace arteriography as the primary imaging modality for native vessel occlusive disease.

Methods
A literature review was carried out based predominantly on a Medline database search of English language publications from 1985 to 1996.

Results
In creasing evidence indicates that colour duplex ultrasonography can accurately image the lower limb native arterial tree, and that colour duplex imaging can replace diagnostic arteriography in a large proportion of patients.

Conclusion
Arteriography should no longer be considered the gold standard of imaging of peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Future studies should concentrate on the efficacy of colour duplex sonography in guiding clinical decision making.
Role of endotoxin and nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of renal failure in obstructive jaundice
Authors: Inan M , Sayek I , Tel B C , Sahin-Erdemli I 
Published: June 2006

Abstract

Background
There is an increased incidence of postoperative renal failure in patients with obstructive jaundice. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of endotoxaemia and nitric oxide in this association.

Methods
In bile duct-ligated, sham-operated and control rats, plasma total bilirubin levels, creatinine clearance and plasma endotoxin were determined. Endothelium-dependent vasodilatation to acetylcholine, and endothelium-independent vasodilatation to nitroglycerine and forskolin were evaluated in isolated perfused rat kidney.

Results
Twenty-one of 27 bile-duct ligated rats had endotoxaemia. Plasma bilirubin levels were higher and creatinine clearance was significantly reduced in the bile duct-ligated endotoxin-positive group compared with values in the other groups. Furthermore, in the isolated perfused rat kidney from rats with endotoxaemia, basal perfusion pressure and renal vascular relaxation to acetylcholine and nitroglycerine which is mediated by guanosine cyclic 3′, 5′-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) were significantly reduced, but relaxation to forskolin mediated by adenosine cyclic 3′, 5′-cyclic monophosphate did not change.

Conclusion
Endotoxaemia in obstructive jaundice may induce overproduction of nitric oxide that may lead to impairment of cGMP-associated vasodilatation and disrupt autoregulation of the renal vascular bed. This may contribute to renal failure in obstructive jaundice.
Local resection or pancreaticoduodenectomy for villous adenoma of the ampulla of Vater diagnosed before operation
Authors: Cahen D L , Fockens P , de Wit L Th , Offerhaus G J A , Obertop H , Gouma D J 
Published: June 2006

Abstract

Background
Treatment of ampullary adenoma is complicated by difficult preoperative staging, malignant potential and a high recurrence rate. This study was designed to assess the accuracy of diagnosis and staging by endoscopic biopsy and endosonography, and to compare the results of local resection and pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure).

Methods
All 23 patients, diagnosed by endoscopic biopsy and surgically treated by local resection (n = 12) or pancreaticoduodenectomy (n = 11) between 1984 and 1994, were analysed retrospectively.

Results
Pancreaticoduodenectomy was associated with more complications (seven of 11 patients versus three of 12) and a longer hospital stay (36 versus 18 days) than local resection. After local resection tumour excision was incomplete in half of the patients. One patient died after a Whipple procedure. Endoscopic biopsy did not identify infiltrating carcinoma in seven of the 23 patients. Endoscopic ultrasonography had a 44 per cent accuracy rate for tumour invasion and was false positive for lymph node metastases in five of 16 patients. After local resection one recurrence was observed during follow-up and one possibly died from turnour recurrence.

Conclusion
Diagnosis and staging of ampullary adenomas by endoscopic biopsy and endosonography ws unreliable. Local resection seems a viable alternative for patients whose general condition does not allow a Whipple procedure.
Hepatolithiasis associated with cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Su C-H , Shyr Y-M , Lui W-Y , P'Eng F-K 
Published: June 2006

Abstract

Background
Intrahepatic stone is common in East Asia. Hepatolithiasis is a risk factor for cholangiocarcinoma but it is difficult to make an accurate diagnosis before operation. The effect of intrahepatic stone on diagnosis, treatment and survival in patients with coexistent cholangiocarcinoma was investigated.

Methods
Between 1981 and 1994, 33 patients with hepatolithiasis and associated cholangiocarcinoma were identified and compared respectively to 18 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma alone.

Results
Patients with intrahepatic stones had a significantly longer duration of symptoms, a higher frequency of previous biliary surgery but a lower rate of preoperative diagnosis. Surgical resection was the treatment of choice and was performed in 18 of 33 patients with cholangiocarcinoma and stones and in nine of 18 with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma alone. Significantly inferior 5-year survival rates were found in patients with hepatolithiasis: two of 32 versus four of 14 for all cases and two of 17 versus four of nine for resectable cases (P&lt;0·05).

Conclusion
These survival differences may be attributed to delayed diagnosis, lower diagnostic rate and relatively fewer curative resections in the patients with stone-containing cholangiocarcinoma.
Long-term survival following resection of colorectal hepatic metastases
Authors: Jaeck D , Bachellier P , Guiguet M , Boudjema K , Vaillant J C , Balladur P , Nordlinger B , de Chirurgie Française 
Published: June 2006

Abstract

Aim
The aim of this study was to analyse characteristics of patients who survived more than 5 years after liver resection of colorectal metastases.

Methods
A multicentre retrospective study collected 1818 patients who underwent curative resection of hepatic metastases between 1959 and 1991. Among the 747 patients operated on before 1987, 102 survived longer than 5 years, and were compared with patients who survived less than 5 years.

Results
Three risk factors proved independently significant in multivariate analysis between the two groups: serosa infiltration (P = 0·003), involvement of peritumoral lymph nodes around the primary colorectal tumour (P = 0·04), and a liver resection margin of less than 1 cm (P = 0·02). There was no significant difference for other parameters studied (location of primary tumour, location, number and size of metastases, type of resection). A trend towards a shorter survival of patients with increased carcinoembryonic antigen serum level was observed.

Conclusion
Resection of colorectal hepatic metastases can provide long-term survival even in patients with poor prognostic factors. It seems justified to undertake resection of colorectal liver metastases whenever it may be performed safely as a curative treatment.
Genetic instability in patients with metachronous colorectal cancers
Authors: Sengupta S B , Yiu C-Y , Boulos P B , De Silva M , Sams V R , Delhanty J D A 
Published: June 2006

Abstract

Background
Nearly 7 per cent of patients who undergo resection for colorectal cancer develop metachronous cancers several years later. A molecular marker that could identify patients susceptible to metachronous cancers would be of clinical importance.

Methods
Twenty-four colorectal cancers from 15 individuals with metachronous colorectal cancer were investigated for microsatellite instability at five loci by single stranded conformational polymorphism analysis. A control group of 14 colorectal cancers from individuals who had only developed one sporadic colorectal cancer each was analysed similarly.

Results
Microsatellite instability was demonstrated in 17 of 24 cancers from individuals with metachronous cancer compared with one of 14 cancers from individuals with a single colorectal cancer.

Conclusion
These results suggest that testing for microsatellite instability may be useful in recognizing patients at high risk of developing metachronous colorectal cancers.
Quality of life after pancreaticoduodenectomy for ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head
Authors: Schniewind B , Bestmann B , Henne-Bruns D , Faendrich F , Kremer B , Kuechler T 
Published: June 2006

Abstract

Background
This study examined quality of life (QoL) after classical partial pancreaticoduodenectomy (PPD) and pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (PPPD) in patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head, and also evaluated the influence of extended lymphadenectomy (ELA).

Methods
Between January 1993 and March 2004, QoL was analysed in a prospective single-centre study that included 91 patients. Thirty-four patients underwent PPD and 57 had a PPPD. Seventy patients had an ELA and 21 underwent regional lymphadenectomy (RLA). QoL was assessed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 questionnaire and a pancreatic cancer-specific module. Data were collected before operation and for 24 months after surgery.

Results
The overall 5-year survival rate was 18 per cent for all patients and 21 per cent in those who had an R0 resection. QoL was impaired for 3–6 months after surgery and then recovered to preoperative levels. There was no significant difference in long-term survival after PPD versus PPPD and ELA versus RLA. Patients who had ELA reported clinically significant higher levels of diarrhoea and pain. PPPD showed a disadvantage in terms of pain.

Conclusion
The surgical techniques of resection and reconstruction did not affect QoL, but extended lymphadenectomy was associated with an impairment in QoL.
Influence of perioperative blood glucose levels on outcome after infrainguinal bypass surgery in patients with diabetes
Authors: Malmstedt J , Wahlberg E , Jörneskog G , Swedenborg J 
Published: June 2006

AbstractBackgroundHigh glucose levels are associated with increased morbidity and mortality after coronary surgery and in intensive care. The influence of perioperative hyperglycaemia on the outcome after infrainguinal bypass surgery among diabetic patients is largely unknown. The aim was to determine whether high perioperative glucose levels were associated with increased morbidity after infrainguinal bypass surgery.MethodsNinety-one consecutive diabetic patients undergoing primary infrainguinal bypass surgery were identified from a prospective vascular registry. Risk factors, indication for surgery, operative details and outcome data were extracted from the medical records. Exposure to perioperative hyperglycaemia was measured using the area under the curve (AUC) method; the AUC was calculated using all blood glucose readings during the first 48 h after surgery.ResultsMultivariable analysis showed that the AUC for glucose (odds ratio (OR) 13·35, first versus fourth quartile), renal insufficiency (OR 4·77) and infected foot ulcer (OR 3·38) was significantly associated with poor outcome (death, major amputation or graft occlusion at 90 days). Similarly, the AUC for glucose (OR 14·45, first versus fourth quartile), female sex (OR 3·49) and tissue loss as indication (OR 3·30) was associated with surgical wound complications at 30 days.ConclusionPoor perioperative glycaemic control was associated with an unfavourable outcome after infrainguinal bypass surgery in diabetic patients.
Effect of vaginal delivery on long-term pouch function
Authors: Polle S W , Vlug M S , Slors J F M , Zwinderman A H , van der Hoop A Gerritsen , Cuesta M A , Gouma D J , Bemelman W A 
Published: June 2006

Abstract

Background
The optimal method of childbirth for women with a restorative proctocolectomy (RP) has yet to be determined. Little is known about long-term ileal pouch function after vaginal delivery, especially when childbirth occurred before RP. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vaginal delivery before or after RP on long-term pouch function.

Methods
All 267 women who underwent RP between January 1985 and November 2004 were invited to participate. Functional outcome was assessed by colorectal functional outcome questionnaire, and patients were asked about their pregnancies and risk factors for obstetric injury. Linear regression analysis was performed to study potential risk factors for poor pouch function.

Results
The response rate was 82·6 per cent. Median follow-up after pouch surgery was 7·2 (range 1·0–19·7) years. One hundred patients had at least one delivery. Fifty-two (60 per cent) of the 86 patients who attempted a vaginal delivery had an increased risk of obstetric injury according to predefined risk factors. In these patients ageing and longer follow-up were significant risk factors for impaired incontinence.

Conclusion
Women who had RP and vaginal delivery with a high risk of obstetric injury had impaired continence with ageing and longer follow-up. Patients with RP should be informed about the considerable risk of vaginal delivery on long-term ileal pouch function.
Regularities in data from factorial experiments
Authors: Li Xiang , Sudarsanam Nandan , Frey Daniel D. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThis article documents a meta‐analysis of 113 data sets from published factorial experiments. The study quantifies regularities observed among factor effects and multifactor interactions. Such regularities are known to be critical to efficient planning and analysis of experiments and to robust design of engineering systems. Three previously observed properties are analyzed: effect sparsity, hierarchy, and heredity. A new regularity is introduced and shown to be statistically significant. It is shown that a preponderance of active two‐factor interaction effects are synergistic, meaning that when main effects are used to increase the system response, the interaction provides an additional increase and that when main effects are used to decrease the response, the interactions generally counteract the main effects. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 11: 32–45, 2006