bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model‐based meta‐analysis to quantify the effects of short interfering RNA therapeutics on hepatitis B surface antigen turnover in hepatitis B‐infected mice
Authors: Sandra Louis , T'jollyn Huybrecht , Vermeulen An , Ackaert Oliver , Perez‐Ruixo Juan‐Jose 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of short interfering RNA therapeutics (siRNAs) in reducing hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels in hepatitis B‐infected (HBV) mice across multiple siRNA therapeutic classes using model‐based meta‐analysis (MBMA) techniques. Literature data from 10 studies in HBV‐infected mice were pooled, including 13 siRNAs, formulated as liposomal nanoparticles (LNPs) or conjugated to either cholesterol (chol) or N‐acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc). Time course of the baseline‐ and placebo‐corrected mean HBsAg profiles were modeled using kinetics of drug effect (KPD) model coupled to an indirect response model (IRM) within a longitudinal non‐linear mixed‐effects MBMA framework. Single and multiple dose simulations were performed exploring the role of dosing regimens across evaluated siRNA classes. The HBsAg degradation rate (0.72 day−1) was consistent across siRNAs but exhibited a large between‐study variability of 31.4% (CV%). The siRNA biophase half‐life was dependent on the siRNA class and was highest for GalNAc‐siRNAs (21.06 days) and lowest for chol‐siRNAs (2.89 days). ID50 estimates were compound‐specific and were lowest for chol‐siRNAs and highest for GalNAc‐siRNAs. Multiple dose simulations suggest GalNAc‐siRNAs may require between 4 and 7 times less frequent dosing at higher absolute dose levels compared to LNP‐siRNAs and chol‐siRNAs, respectively, to reach equipotent HBsAg‐lowering effects in HBV mice. In conclusion, non‐clinical HBsAg concentration‐time data after siRNA administration can be described using the presented KPD‐IRM MBMA framework. This framework allows to quantitatively compare the effects of siRNAs on the HBsAg time course and inform dose and regimen selection across siRNA classes. These results may support siRNA development, optimize preclinical study designs, and inform data analysis methodology of future anti‐HBV siRNAs; and ultimately, support siRNA model‐informed drug development (MIDD) strategies.
A Predictive Network‐Based Immune Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapeutic Signature Optimizing Patient Selection and Treatment Strategies
Authors: Zhang Nan , Yang Mei , Yang Jing‐Min , Zhang Chu‐Yu , Guo An‐Yuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractImmune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has brought significant advancements to the field of oncology. However, the diverse responses among patients highlight the need for more accurate predictive tools. In this study, insights are drawn from tumor‐immunology pathways, and a novel network‐based ICB immunotherapeutic signature, termed ICBnetIS, is constructed. The signature is derived from advanced biological network‐based computational strategies involving co‐expression networks and molecular interactions networks. The efficacy of ICBnetIS is established through its association with enhanced patient survival and a robust immune response characterized by diverse immune cell infiltration and active anti‐tumor immune pathways. The validation process positions ICBnetIS as an effective tool in predicting responses to ICB therapy, analyzing ICB data from a broad collection of over 700 samples from multiple cancer types of more than 15 datasets. It achieves an aggregated prediction AUC of 0.784, which outperforms the other nine renowned immunotherapeutic signatures, indicating the superior predictive capability of ICBnetIS. To sum up, the findings suggest ICBnetIS as a potent tool in predicting ICB therapy responses, offering significant implications for patient selection and treatment optimization in oncology. The study highlights the role of ICBnetIS in advancing personalized treatment strategies, potentially transforming the clinical landscape of ICB therapy.
Effect of prescription opioid control policies on infant health
Authors: Ziedan Engy , Kaestner Robert 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPrescription opioid use among women of reproductive age and pregnant women is relatively common, and increased prescription opioid use is associated with a commensurate increase in opioid use disorder (OUD) among pregnant women and neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) among infants. In this article, we examine whether state opioid control policies affected prescription opioid use and, in turn, infant health and maternal behaviors. Results from our analysis suggest that reductions in prescription opioid use because of state prescription opioid control policies have improved infant health marginally at the population level with larger implied effects at the individual level.
LSZ in action: extracting form factors from correlators nonperturbatively in 2d ϕ4 theory
Authors: Fitzpatrick A. Liam , Mei Zhengxian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we compute multiparticle form factors of local operators in 2d ϕ4 theory using a recently proposed method [1] for efficiently implementing the LSZ prescription with Hamiltonian Truncation methods, and we adopt Lightcone Conformal Truncation (LCT) in particular for our calculations. We perform various checks of our results at weak and strong coupling, and elucidate the parametric behavior of truncation errors. This opens up the possibility to compute S-matrix in various strongly coupled models using the LSZ method in LCT.
Responsible automatically processable regulation
Authors: Guitton Clement , Mayer Simon , Tamo-Larrieux Aurelia , Van Landuyt Dimitri , Fosch-Villaronga Eduard , Kamara Irene , Pałka Przemysław 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDriven by the increasing availability and deployment of ubiquitous computing technologies across our private and professional lives, implementations of automatically processable regulation (APR) have evolved over the past decade from academic projects to real-world implementations by states and companies. There are now pressing issues that such encoded regulation brings about for citizens and society, and strategies to mitigate these issues are required. However, comprehensive yet practically operationalizable frameworks to navigate the complex interactions and evaluate the risks of projects that implement APR are not available today. In this paper, and based on related work as well as our own experiences, we propose a framework to support the conceptualization, implementation, and application of responsible APR. Our contribution is twofold: we provide a holistic characterization of what responsible APR means; and we provide support to operationalize this in concrete projects, in the form of leading questions, examples, and mitigation strategies. We thereby provide a scientifically backed yet practically applicable way to guide researchers, sponsors, implementers, and regulators toward better outcomes of APR for users and society.
Influence of the number of end-chain amine-functionalized arms of star-shaped functionalized SBR
Authors: Yamada Chigusa , Yasumoto Atsushi , Blume Anke 
Published: March 2024

AbstractStar-shaped SBRs with alkoxy silyl groups in the center of the molecule and amine groups at the polymer chain ends were prepared. The number of arms were varied, and its influence on the silica/silane-filled compound properties was investigated. The polymer–filler interactions and the filler–filler interactions were evaluated from the viscoelastic properties. The flocculation, tensile properties and tanδ at 60 °C, an indicator of rolling resistance, were investigated as well. The polymer–filler interactions were increased in the SBR with a higher number of arms due to the higher amount of amine groups in these SBRs. The Payne effect was slightly increased with a higher number of arms. This indicates a deteriorated micro-dispersion of the silica caused by too many interactions generated by the higher amount of amine groups in SBR. These high interactions due to the amine groups lead to higher tensile moduli. The combination of the higher polymer–filler interactions and the higher Payne effect in SBR with a high number of arms results in the same tanδ compared to the SBR with a low number of arms.
Multi-omic profiling of simultaneous ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive breast cancer
Authors: Kaplan Henry G. , Dowdell Alexa K. , Berry Anna B. , Shimol Racheli Ben , Robinson Fred L. , Carney Christopher A. , Piening Brian D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The progression of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) in humans is highly variable. To better understand the relationship between them, we performed a multi-omic characterization of co-occurring DCIS and IBC lesions in a cohort of individuals.

Methods
Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 50 patients with co-occurring DCIS and IBC lesions were subjected to DNA-seq and whole transcriptome RNA-seq. Paired DCIS and IBC multi-omics profiles were then interrogated for DNA mutations, gene expression profiles and pathway analysis.

Results
Most small variants and copy number variations were shared between co-occurring DCIS and IBC lesions, with IBC exhibiting on average a higher degree of additional mutations. However, 36% of co-occurring lesions shared no common mutations and 49% shared no common copy number variations. The most frequent genomic variants in both DCIS and IBC were PIK3CA, TP53, KMT2C, MAP3K1, GATA3 and SF3B1, with KMT2C being more frequent in DCIS and TP53 and MAP3K1 more frequent in IBC, though the numbers are too small for definitive conclusions. The most frequent copy number variations were seen in MCL1, CKSB1 and ERBB2. ERBB2 changes were not seen in IBC unless present in the corresponding DCIS. Transcriptional profiles were highly distinct between DCIS and IBC, with DCIS exhibiting upregulation of immune-related signatures, while IBC showed significant overexpression in genes and pathways associated with cell division and proliferation. Interestingly, DCIS and IBC exhibited significant differential expression of different components of extracellular matrix (ECM) formation and regulation, with DCIS showing overexpression of ECM-membrane interaction components while IBC showed upregulation of genes associated with fibronectin and invadopodia.

Conclusion
While most co-occurring DCIS and IBC were mutationally similar and suggestive of a common clonal progenitor, transcriptionally the lesions are highly distinct, with IBC expressing key pathways that facilitate invasion and proliferation. These results are suggestive of additional levels of regulation, epigenetic or other, that facilitate the acquisition of invasive properties during tumor evolution.
A Note on the Markovian SIR Epidemic on a Random Graph with Given Degrees
Authors: Luczak Malwina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe consider a Markovian model of an SIR epidemic spreading on a contact graph that is drawn uniformly at random from the set of all graphs with n vertices and given vertex degrees. Janson, Luczak and Windridge (Random Struct Alg 45(4):724–761, 2014) prove that the evolution of such an epidemic is well approximated by the solution to a simple set of differential equations, thus providing probabilistic underpinnings to the works of Miller (J Math Biol 62(3):349–358, 2011) and Volz (J Math Biol 56(3):293–310, 2008). The present paper provides an additional probabilistic interpretation of the limiting deterministic functions in Janson, Luczak and Windridge (Random Struct Alg 45(4):724–761, 2014), thus clarifying further the connection between their results and the results of Miller and Volz.
Situational and Victim Correlates of Increased Case Fatality Rates in Los Angeles Shootings, 2005–2021
Authors: Brantingham P. Jeffrey , Quintana-Navarrete Miguel , Iliff Clarissa , Uchida Craig D. , Tita George E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe gun assault case fatality rate measures the fraction of shooting victims who die from their wounds. Considerable debate has surrounded whether gun assault case fatality rates have changed over time and what factors may be involved. We use crime event data from Los Angeles to examine the victim and situational correlates of gun assault case fatality rates over time. We estimated log binomial regression models for the probability of death in each year from 2005 to 2021, conditioned on situational and victim characteristics of the crime. Case fatality rates increased by around 1.3% per year between 2005 and 2021 from around 15.9 to 19.7%. Baseline case fatality rates differed systematically by most situational and victim but followed similar temporal trends. Only victim age significantly covaried with the temporal trend in case fatality rates. An individual shot in Los Angeles in 2021 was 23.7% more likely to die than the equivalent victim in 2005. The steady increase in case fatality rates suggests that there were around 394 excess fatalities over what would have occurred if case fatality rates remained at the 2005 level. Increases in the average age of victims over time may contribute to the general temporal trend. We hypothesize that older victims are more likely to be shot indoors where lethal close-range wounds are more likely.
Die Nachhaltigkeit eines Bewegungskonzepts für gesunde und körperlich inaktive Senior*innen zum Neu- oder Wiedereinstieg in den Breitensport
Authors: Schumacher Anneke , Krumpolt Marlene , Sannemann Lucas , Witte Kerstin 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Laut WHO gehört Deutschland mit 42,4 % körperlich Inaktiven weltweit zu den Ländern, in denen in den letzten Jahren am meisten die Bewegungsarmut zugenommen hat [8]. Bisherige Bewegungsprogramme erreichen entweder bereits sportlich aktive Menschen oder sind nicht so angelegt, sodass ein Übergang in den regelmäßigen Sport gelingt [16]. Insbesondere Männer fühlen sich vom meist angebotenen Gesundheitssport wenig angesprochen [13].

Ziel der Studie
Die vorliegende Studie stellt ein neuartiges Bewegungskonzept für gesunde und zuvor körperlich inaktive Senior*innen vor und untersucht, ob die Teilnehmer*innen auch nach dem Projekt weiterhin sportlich aktiv bleiben, indem sie die Breitensportangebote von lokalen Vereinen annehmen. Weiterhin soll herausgefunden werden, welche Sportangebote bevorzugt werden und inwiefern es geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede gibt.

Methodik
An der Studie nahmen 107 Teilnehmer*innen zwischen 60–82 Jahren (70 w), welche per Zeitungsannonce rekrutiert wurden, teil. Das Konzept beinhaltet ein 24-Wochen-Programm mit 2 Trainingseinheiten (à 90 min) pro Woche. Neben einer Fitnesseinheit pro Woche, werden am zweiten Trainingstermin Schnupperkurse zu speziellen Breitensportangeboten durch die lokalen Sportvereine präsentiert. Gründe für die bisherige sportliche Inaktivität, den aktuellen Sportmotiven und die weiterführende sportliche Aktivität durch die Wahl eines Sportangebotes wurden schriftlich befragt.

Ergebnisse
Von den Teilnehmer*innen sind nach Ende des Bewegungsprogramms alle in den regelmäßigen Sport übergangen. 93 Senior*innen sind durch Mitgliedschaften in die lokalen Sportvereine gewechselt, die restlichen 14 Senior*innen führen den Sport selbstständig fort. Dabei wurden neben den typischen Alterssportangeboten wie Senioren- oder Gesundheitssport auch Breitensportarten gewählt. Vor allem im Kegeln, Badminton und Bosseln sind Männer mit 20–30 % der Teilnehmer häufiger in den Sportkursen vertreten als Frauen.

Schlussfolgerung
Die positive Resonanz des vorgestellten Bewegungskonzepts zeigt, dass die nachhaltige Bindung von gesunden aber körperlich inaktiven Senior*innen an den Sport durch eine zielgruppenspezifische Anpassung der Sportangebote in den Vereinen hinsichtlich ihrer Vielfalt und Intensität erfolgversprechend ist.
Paradigms in Qualitative IB Research: Trends, Analysis and Recommendations
Authors: Aguzzoli Roberta , Lengler Jorge , Miller Stewart R. , Chidlow Agnieszka 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper examines trends, challenges and opportunities in terms of research methodologies in qualitative IB research. In particular, it examines trends for the dominant (positivism/(post)positivism) paradigm versus alternative paradigms (i.e., social constructivism, critical realism and interpretivism) and provides a comparative analysis of data collection and methods. Using mixed methods to collect and analyze data on qualitative articles published in International Business Review, Journal of International Business Studies, Journal of World Business, and Management International Review, we examine trends and differences between the dominant and alternative paradigms and use qualitative content analysis to investigate how alternative paradigm papers are conceptualized and presented. Moreover, we interview authors of non-positivist papers to gain in-depth understanding of the findings. We reveal differences across the paradigms and provide evidence of paradigmatic fit between methods and data collection techniques for the dominant paradigm, but more variation for alternative paradigms. Lastly, we provide prescriptions for IB scholars in terms of methodology diversity and how complex IB phenomena can be pursued vis-a-vis alternative paradigms.
Changes in Microscale Liquid Formation in Lump and Sinter Mixed Burden Softening and Melting Tests with the Addition of Hydrogen
Authors: Barrett Nathan , Mitra Subhasish , Copland Evan , Chew Sheng , O’Dea Damien , Honeyands Tom 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
With the movement toward hydrogen-enriched blast furnace operation to lower greenhouse gas emissions, ferrous burden design must be reconsidered to optimize furnace permeability. Increasing the ratio of direct charge lump ore in the ferrous burden also presents an opportunity to lessen the emissions associated with the production of sinter and pellets. Under traditional blast furnace conditions, lump ore usage is improved by mixing it with the sinter in the burden to promote their favorable high-temperature interactions (both chemical and physical). As such, mechanistic changes to the interaction must be understood to optimize burden design, including for future operations with hydrogen addition. In this study, liquid formation in both the metallic and oxide components of ferrous burdens is microscopically investigated. Oxide liquid and solid phase stability at the interfaces of dissimilar burdens are visualized using a novel mapping technique, and metallic iron is etched to reveal microstructures indicative of carbon. Results indicate that the inclusion of hydrogen promotes the gas carburization of metallic iron in sinter, but not lump. It was concluded that mixed burden softening and melting performance with hydrogen addition were improved through the addition of lump in two ways: the highly metallic lump particles provide structural support for the collapsing sinter bed and also suppress the formation of early liquid slag from the sinter.

Graphical Abstract
Serum osteoglycin is stable during various glycemic challenges in healthy men
Authors: Starup-Linde Jakob , Westberg-Rasmussen Sidse , Viggers Rikke , Al-Mashhadi Zheer Kejlberg , Handberg Aase , Vestergaard Peter , Gregersen Søren 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Osteoglycin is hypothesized to be metabolically active and may enhance insulin action. We hypothesized that osteoglycin levels increase during hyperglycemia as a physiological response to enhance the effects of insulin.

Methods
Eight healthy males were included in a cross-over study consisting of three study days following an 8 h fast. First, we performed an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT); second, an isoglycemic intravenous glucose infusion (IIGI); and third, a control period consisting of a three hour fast. We analyzed blood samples for circulating osteoglycin levels during the study days. Repeated measures ANOVA was performed to compare levels of s-osteoglycin between OGTT, IIGI, and the fasting control.

Results
There were no differences in baseline osteoglycin levels among study days (p > 0.05). We observed no significant changes neither in absolute s-osteoglycin levels by time (p = 0.14) nor over time by study day (p = 0.99). Likewise, we observed no significant changes in percentage s-osteoglycin levels neither by time (p = 0.11) nor over time by study day (p = 0.89).

Conclusion
We found that s-osteoglycin levels were stable for three hours during OGTT, IIGI, and fasting in healthy males. Based on the present study, circulating s-osteoglycin levels may be measured independently of fasting or non-fasting conditions. Furthermore, circulating physiological levels of glucose and insulin did not affect s-osteoglycin levels.
Energy efficiency of buildings in Central and Eastern Europe: room for improvement
Authors: Mišík Matúš , Oravcová Veronika , Vicenová Radka 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFollowing the invasion of Ukraine and the associated energy policy tensions with Russia, the EU began looking at how it could replace Russian energy sources. One of the proposed solutions is to decrease energy consumption. Buildings have been the principal target, owing to their high energy usage – especially of natural gas, which the EU is particularly keen on reducing. This literature review article summarises existing knowledge on the potential energy savings that can be made through energy efficiency improvements to existing buildings in Central and Eastern Europe. The countries in this region share common traits due to their Communist past and associated legacy of poor energy efficiency, both generally and in buildings in particular. At the same time, Central and Eastern Europe contains a range of geographical and climatic regions, and so, the findings of this paper are applicable to other regions. This bibliometric analysis identifies three main areas (insulation, heating source and policy) in which the academic literature has identified potential for energy efficiency improvements to buildings. On the basis of these findings, this paper looks at the policy implications for reducing energy consumption in buildings and thus helps the EU to become less dependent on energy supplies from Russia.