bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrocatalytic Four-Electron Reduction of Dioxygen by 1,2-Phenylene-Bridged Dicobalt Diporphyrins
Authors: Park Gil Jae , Nakajima Satoshi , Osuka Atsuhiro , Kim Kimoon 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
1,2-Phenylene-bridged dicobalt diporphyrin 1 catalyzes efficiently the four-electron reduction of dioxygen to water in acidic solution. The catalytic activity of the diporphyrin is strongly affected by the substituents on the phenyl rings attached to the porphyrin macrocycles.
Electrochemical Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Novel One-Dimensional Halogen-Bridged Nickel(III) Complex
Authors: Ozawa Yoshiki , Toriumi Koshiro 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A novel halogen-bridged one-dimensional NiIII–X–NiIII compound, {[NiIII(en)2Cl]Cl2}∞ (en = C2H8N2) has been synthesized by electrochemical oxidation. Single crystal X-ray crystallography revealed that a bridging halogen ion is located on the midpoint between two Ni(III) atoms with Ni–Cl 2.438 (1) Å. This is the first example for electrocrystallization of halogen-bridged 1-D metal complexes.
Alkylidenation of Ketones by gem-Dibromoalkane, SmI2, and Sm in the Presence of Catalytic Amount of CrCl3
Authors: Matsubara Seijiro , Horiuchi Miyuki , Takai Kazuhiko , Utimoto Kiitiro 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Alkylidenation of ketones can be performed by the reaction with geminal dibromoalkane-SmI2-Sm in the presence of catalytic amount of CrCl3 at room temperature yielding the alkylidenated products in good to excellent yields.
Synthesis and Photophysical Property of Porphyrin-Linked Fullerene
Authors: Imahori Hiroshi , Hagiwara Kiyoshi , Akiyama Tsuyoshi , Taniguchi Seiji , Okada Tadashi , Sakata Yoshiteru 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Porphyrin-linked fullerenes were prepared by the Diels-Alder reaction of bisbromomethylbenzene derivative to C60. The absorption spectra and electrochemical measurements indicate that there is little interaction between the porphyrin and the C60 moieties. Intramolecular electron transfer from the excited singlet state of zincporphyrin to C60 was observed by picosecond transient absorption measurements.
Trinuclear Cobalt(III) Complexes Containing Partial Cubane Co3O4 Core. Synthesis and Structure of [Co3(L)3(μ-OH)3(μ3-O)]Cl (L = ethylenediamine-N-acetate)
Authors: Ama Tomoharu , Miyazaki Jun-ichi , Hamada Kayo , Okamoto Ken-ichi , Yonemura Toshiaki , Kawaguchi Hiroshi , Yasui Takaji 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Three isomers of [Co3(edma)3(μ-OH)3(μ3-O)]+ (edma: ethylenediamine-N-acetate) containing a partial cubane Co3O4 core were prepared and the structure of one of the isomers was determined by the X-ray diffraction method. These isomers are stable at least for 5 days in their neutral aqueous solutions.
Synthesis of Higher-Nuclearity Clusters by Use of Small Cluster Units as Building Blocks: Synthesis and X-Ray Structure Analysis of [ClCCo3(CO)8]2(μ-dppe) and [ClCCo3(CO)7][ClCCo3(CO)8](μ-TRIPHOS) (dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane; TRIPHOS = bis(2-diphenylphosphinoethyl)phenylphosphine)
Authors: Onaka Satoru , Otsuka Mayumi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Two ClCCo3(CO)9 units are, after treatment with Me3NO, linked at basal cobalt atoms by dppe spacer to yield [ClCCo3(CO)8]2(μ-dppe) and by TRIPHOS to yield [ClCCo3(CO)7][ClCCo3(CO)8](μ-TRIPHOS); they are characterized by single crystal X-ray molecular structure analysis and two Cl atoms in the TRIPHOS derivative are found to be located in close proximity.
A Novel Conversion of 3,7-Disubstituted 2H,6H-Tetrahydro-1,5,3,7-diselenadiazocines to 4-Substituted 1,2,4-Diselenazolidines by Treating with Oxidizing Agents
Authors: Takikawa Yuji , Koyama Yutaka , Yoshida Takamasa , Shimada Kazuaki , Kabuto Chizuko 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Oxidation of 3,7-disubstituted 2H,6H-tetrahydro-1,5,3,7-diselenadiazocines afforded 4-substituted 1,2,4-diselenazolidines in modest yields. The intermediates of the reactions were supposed to be diselena dications possessing 1,5,3,7-diselenadiazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane skeleton generated transiently by the transannular interaction of two selenium atoms.
Stereoselective Allylation of β-Hydroxy- and β-Amino-α,β-enones with Allyltrifluorosilane/Triethylamine Systems
Authors: Kira Mitsuo , Sato Kazuhiko , Sekimoto Kazushi , Gewald Rainer , Sakurai Hideki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Reactions of allyltrifluorosilanes with β-functional-α,β-enones such as o-hydroxy- and o-aminophenyl ketones and 1,3-diketones in the presence of triethylamine yielded the corresponding tertiary homoallyl alcohols in regiospecific and highly diastereoselective manner.
Effect of Pressure on Low Temperature Gasification of Wet Cellulose into Methane Using Reduced Nickel Catalyst and Sodium Carbonate
Authors: Minowa Tomoaki , Ogi Tomoko , Yokoyama Shin-ya 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A water slurry of cellulose was directly gasified to methane using a reduced nickel catalyst and sodium carbonate at 400 °C under pressure (9-28 MPa) for 1 h. Methane yield depended on operating pressure and the highest yield was 190 mg per 1 g cellulose at around 15 MPa This value was 1.5 times that in the literature.
New Reaction Mode of the Dieckmann-Type Cyclization under the Lewis Acid-Et3N Conditions
Authors: Tamai Satoshi , Ushirogochi Hideki , Sano Shigeki , Nagao Yoshimitsu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Dieckmann-type cyclization reactions of various dicarboxylic acid derivatives were readily promoted by employing Lewis acids such as AlCl3, MgBr2, MgCl2, and Sn(OSO2CF3)2 in the presence of Et3N or N-ethylpiperidine. The cyclization reactions of half thiol diesters under the AlCl3-Et3N conditions exhibited different chemoselectivity from the cyclization under the basic conditions.
Synthesis of a Rigid Diacylglycerol Analogue Having a Bis-γ-butyrolactone Skeleton Separated by a Cyclopentane Ring
Authors: Lee Jeewoo , Barchi Joseph J , Marquez Victor E 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A very efficient method for the construction of a new bis-γ-lactone system constructed on a cyclopenta[1,2-c:3,4-c′]perhydrodifuran scaffold was developed from cyclopentadiene and methyl (S)-(Z)-4,5-O-isopropylidenepent-2-enoate.
Photoreaction via Non-Resonant Two-Photon Excitation. Selective Silylene Extrusion from 2,2-Diphenyltrisilane
Authors: Kira Mitsuo , Miyazawa Takashi , Koshihara Shin-ya , Segawa Yusaburo , Sakurai Hideki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Non-resonant two-photon excitation of 2,2-diphenylhexamethyltrisilane with a 532 nm pulsed laser light induced the two major reactions, silylene extrusion and migration of the β-trimethylsilyl group with a quite different selectivity from that for the single-photon excitation.
The Stereochemical Outcome of the DAST Fluorination of 4′-Thiopyrimidine Nucleosides with “Up” Hydroxyl Groups is Controlled by the Oxidation State of the Sulfur Atom
Authors: Jeong Lak S , Marquez Victor E 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
DAST fluorination of 1-(5-O-trityl-3-deoxy-4-thio-β-d-threo-pentofuranosyl)uracil proceeds with retention of configuration, while the corresponding sulfoxide gives mainly the inverted product. The sulfone proceeds with elimination.
The Rapid Synthesis of High Purity [18F]Butyrophenone Neuroleptics from Nitro Precursors for PET Study
Authors: Hashizume Kazunari , Hashimoto Naoto , Kato Hiroo , Cork David G , Miyake Yoshihiro 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
We have completed rapid syntheses of [18F]butyrophenone neuroleptics ([18F]haloperidol and [18F]spiperone) from their nitro precursors in high radiochemical yields (up to 21%) by combining a one-step nitro-fluoro exchange reaction and a novel high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation method. The synthesis time was ca. 95 min and both the radiochemical and chemical purities of the labeled products were over 99%.
Metal Bis((perfluoroalkyl)sulfonyl)amides as Novel Lewis Acid Catalysts in Diels-Alder Reaction
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroshi , Nie Jin , Sonoda Takaaki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Some stable and lipophilic metal bis((perfluoroalkyl)sulfonyl)amides are prepared and employed as remarkable Lewis acid catalysts in the Diels-Alder reaction of cyclopentadiene with methyl vinyl ketone.
Catenation of 2,2′-Bis(ethylthiomethyl)biphenyl with Copper(I) Bromide
Authors: Toyota Shinji , Matsuda Yohei , Oki Michinori , Akashi Haruo 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Treatment of 2-(ethylthiomethyl)phenyllithium with copper(I) bromide afforded a polymeric coordination compound in which 2,2′-bis(ethylthiomethyl)biphenyl molecules were linked by copper(I) bromide cores. This polymeric complex dissociates on dissolution in organic solvents and reforms on recrystallization from the solution. Other copper(I) salts also gave similar compounds, when reacted with the lithium compound.
Formal Hydroallylation of Carbon-Carbon Triple Bonds via Tantalum-Alkyne Complexes. Stereoselective Preparation of 1,4-Dienes
Authors: Takai Kazuhiko , Yamada Masashi , Odaka Hidetoshi , Utimoto Kiitiro , Fujii Takeshi , Furukawa Isao 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Treatment of tantalum-alkyne complexes with lithium salts of allylic alcohols in DME-benzene-THF (1:1:1) at 25 °C for several hours gives 1,4-dienes stereoselectively in good to excellent yields.
Synthesis, Structure, and Oxidation of Novel 4,7-Disubstituted Benzotrithioles. Formation and Characterization of Radical Cations with 11π Electron Framework
Authors: Ogawa Satoshi , Saito Satoshi , Kikuchi Takamasa , Kawai Yasushi , Niizuma Shigeya , Sato Ryu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Novel benzene fused cyclic polysulfides, 4,7-disubstituted benzotrithioles, are synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallographic analysis, and their one-electron oxidation resulted in the formation of stable 4,7-disubstituted benzotrithiolium radical cations with an 11π electron framework.
Structural Properties Required for Two-photon Photochromism of Pyran Derivatives
Authors: Uchida Manabu , Irie Masahiro 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The photochromism of two new photochromic quinone monomethide derivatives was examined. While the 12aH-12a-methylnaphtho[3,2]chromene underwent a two-photon photochromic reaction, only a single-photon photochromic reaction between a keto form and an oxabicylcohexene form was observed for the phenanthrene analog.
Protoporphyrin and Zinc Protoporphyrin in the Blood of Tumor Transplanted Mice
Authors: Nishisaka Tsuyoshi , Fukami Takaaki , Tabata Kenji , Wohrle Dieter , Okura Ichiro 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Fluorescence at 630 nm was detected from the blood of tumor implanted mice. The fluorescence was attributed to protoporphyrin and zinc protoporphyrin. The fluorescence intensity increased with the increase of the period from tumor implantation and then decreased. By measuring the fluorescence intensity of the blood, the progress of cancer will be followed.
NADH Models in the Pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridine Series. Role of the Cyclized Structure in the Stereocontrol of Reductions
Authors: Bédat Joëlle , Levacher Vincent , Dupas Georges , Quéguiner Guy , Bourguignon Jean 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The synthesis of a chiral NADH model in pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridine series is described and the asymmetric reduction of methyl benzoylformate is studied. Its asymmetric behavior compared with a cyclized analogue in naphthyridine series suggests that the orientation of the carbonyl group of the lactam plays an important role in the stereochemical control of the reduction.
N-Alkyloxycarbonyl Isobutylamides as Readily Prepared Diamide Derivatives of Amino Acids for Separation of Enantiomeric Isomers by Chiral Phase Capillary Gas Chromatography
Authors: Abe Iwao , Kawazuma Masatoshi , Fujimoto Noriteru , Nakahara Taketoshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Amino acid diamide derivatives of N-alkyloxycarbonyl isobutylamides have been prepared from corresponding N-alkyloxycarbonyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl esters and provided for use in separation of enantiomeric isomers by chiral phase capillary gas chromatography. The substitution reaction of 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ester with isobutylamine was found to proceed almost completely within 5 min at room temperature. All the diamide derivatives prepared have increased the separation factor including Pro.
Photoinduced Hydrogen Evolution with Hydrogenase and Cytochrome c3
Authors: Kamachi Toshiaki , Hiraishi Tomohiro , Okura Ichiro 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The photoreduction of cytochrome c3 using ZnTPPS as photosensitizer was investigated and the photoinduced hydrogen evolution with hydrogenase using cytochrome c3 as electron carrier was established. The quenching of photoexcited triplet state of ZnTPPS with cytochrome c3 was measured and the rate constant was 1.2 × 109 M−1s−1(1M = 1 mol dm−3).
Structure of Sargassumketone, a Novel Highly Oxygenated Ketone from Sargassum Kjellmanianum
Authors: Nozaki Hiroshi , Ohira Susumu , Takaoka Daisuke , Senda Naoto , Nakayama Mitsuru 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The structure and stereochemistry of sargassumketone, a novel highly oxygenated ketone isolated from Sargassum kjellmanianum (the marine brown algae), have been elucidated on the basis of the spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction analysis.
Electro-Optical Properties of Polymer/(Liquid Crystal) Composite Film Fabricated by Two-step Phase Separation Method
Authors: Kawatsuki Nobuhiro , Ono Hiroshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A polymer/liquid crystal (LC) composite film was fabricated by a combination of a solvent-induced phase separation method and a photo-polymerization-induced one, using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), LC and photo-curable monomers. Electro-optical properties for the composite films had a low driving voltage of 18 Vrms, a rapid turn-on time of 0.8 ms, a rapid turn-off time of 10 ms and a small hysteresis of less than 1Vrms.
Palladium(II) Catalyzed Carboxylation of Aromatic Compounds with CO under Very Mild Conditions
Authors: Taniguchi Yuki , Yamaoka Yoshinori , Nakata Kazuyuki , Takaki Ken , Fujiwara Yuzo 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Aromatic compounds in trifluoroacetic acid were readily carboxylated with CO in the presence of a catalytic amount of palladium(II) acetate under mild conditions to give aromatic carboxylic acids in good yields.
Theoretical Analysis of the Hydrogen Wave on Platinum Single Crystal Electrodes
Authors: Narumi Hideyuki , Kita Hideaki , Murakami Hiroshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The hydrogen waves on the low index planes of platinum single crystal electrode except the square-wave part for Pt(111), were qualitatively explained by the Huckel method for the adsorbed hydrogen orbitals with the periodic boundary conditions. The square-wave part was explained by the free electron model in the two dimentional adsorption layer.
A General Synthetic Procedure for N-Unsubstituted Isoxazolidines via Nitrone-Olefin Cycloaddition. Remarkable Catalytic Effect of Bu2SnO
Authors: Abiko Atsushi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The remarkable catalysis of Bu2SnO for nitrone formation in the nitrone-olefin cycloaddition reaction has been discovered, and has led to the development of a general method for the synthesis of N-unsubstituted isoxazolidine derivatives.
Multiple Hydrogen Bonding Network: A Novel Mode of Self-Recognition in a Layered Crystalline Structure of a Guanosine Derivative
Authors: Araki Koji , Abe Masanori , Ishizaki Akira , Ohya Tsutomu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A lamella-like layered structure of the nucleoside derivative was formed by tert-butyldimethylsilylation of the ribose hydroxy groups upon recrystallization from methanol, in which a novel mode of self-recognition of the guanine unit by multiple hydrogen bonding interaction plays an essential role to stabilize the crystal structure.
Extraction of Uranium(VI) from Nitric Acid Solution into Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Containing Tri-n-butylphosphate
Authors: Iso Syuichi , Meguro Yoshihiro , Yoshida Zenko 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Uranium(VI) in the aqueous solution of (3–6) M (1 M = 1 mol dm−3) HNO3 + 3 M LiNO3 was extracted into supercritical CO2 fluid containing 3 vol% of tri-n-butylphosphate (TBP) at 60 °C and (1.5–3.5) × 107 Pa. Rapid and complete removal of CO2 medium from the extract was attained by gasification of CO2 at atmospheric temperature and pressure.
Preparation and Reactivities of Acyl(carboxylato)palladium Complexes
Authors: Nagayama Kazuhiro , Kawataka Futoshi , Sakamoto Masato , Shimizu Isao , Yamamoto Akio 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Acyclic acid anhydrides oxidatively add to Pd(styrene)(PMe3)2 with C-O bond cleavage to give corresponding acyl(carboxylato)palladium(II) complexes 3a-3e that are isolated and identified. The acetato ligand in 3a is exchanged with added acetic acid. Treatment of 3a with formic acid at room temperature yields acetaldehyde, acetic acid and CO2. Reaction of 3a with dihydrogen liberates acetaldehyde, acetic acid and ethanol. Catalytic hydrogenolysis of octanoic and benzoic anhydrides into aldehydes and carboxylic acids was found to be catalyzed by Pd(PPh3)4.
A Novel Ru(VII)/Ru(IV) Mediatory System for Electrooxidation of Primary and Secondary Alcohols, Leading to Aldehydes and Ketones
Authors: Torii Sigeru , Yoshida Akihito 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A soluble Ru(VII)/Ru(IV) redox system in MeCN/H2O(9/1 v/v)-Bu4NOH-(Pt/Pt) was found to be a mild oxidizing method for the electrochemical conversion of primary and secondary alcohols into their corresponding aldehydes and ketones under basic conditions.
Effect of Polyelectrolytes on Coal-Water Mixture in Dispersed/Coagulated States
Authors: Ukigai Toshiyuki , Sugawara Hitoshi , Tobori Norio 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The Dispersion mechanism of highly loaded coal-water mixture (CWM) in the presence of a polyelectrolyte additive was investigated. Two important factors have been found : the ability of the additive to apply a sufficient electric repulsive force to the coal particles, and an appropriate affinity of the additive to the coal surface.
The Building of Antiparallel Four α-Helix Bundle Structure with a Pair of Pyrenylalanines on a Cyclic Pseudo-peptide Template
Authors: Arai Toru , Ide Yuji , Tanaka Yuji , Fujimoto Tsutomu , Nishino Norikazu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The 4α -helix bundle structure bearing a pair of pyrenylalanines as a fluorescence probe was built on a cyclic pseudo-peptide template and characterized by the pyrene excimer emission.
[4π+2π]Cycloadditions of o-Quinones and Symmetrical 6,6-Dialkyl and Cycloalkylfulvenes
Authors: Nair Vijay , Kumar Sasi , Rath Nigam P , Morton George O 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
3,5-Di-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone on reaction with 6,6-dimethylfulvene furnished the bicyclo[2.2.2]adduct 9 whereas the 6,6-tetramethylenefulvene afforded a novel product 10, which presumably arises by the hetero Diels-Alder reaction of the quinone with the isomerized fulvene. The structure of 10 was confirmed by X-ray crystallography.
Reduction of NO at Very Low Concentration in Air with NH3 at Room Temperature over a Series of Calcined Pitch Based Active Carbon Fibers
Authors: Mochida Isao , Kawano Shizuo , Hironaka Motohiro , Yatsunami Shunsuke , Korai Yozo , Matsumura Yuji , Yoshikawa Masaaki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Catalytic activities of a series of pitch based active carbon fibers (ACFs) were examined for the reduction of NO (10 ppm) with NH3 (20 ppm) at 293 K. A particular ACF of 840 m2 g−1 surface area exhibited the excellent activities after the calcination at 1123 K, providing conversions of 75 and 47 % in dry and wet (80 % relative humidity) air, respectively, at W/F of 5 × 10−3 g min ml−1. The ACF of the largest surface did not show the largest activity.
Formation of Bilayer Structure in Organic Solvents from Amphiphiles Due to Interpeptide Hydrogen Bonding
Authors: Yamada Norihiro , Koyama Emiko , Kaneko Makoto , Seki Hiroko , Ohtsu Hiroshi , Furuse Takeshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
In order to produce molecular organization in a wide variety of media, novel amphiphiles containing an associative tripeptide moiety were prepared. Electron microscopy revealed bilayer formation from the amphiphile not only in water but also in nonpolar organic solvents. 1H-NMR spectroscopy gave direct evidence of interpeptide hydrogen bonding in the aggregate.
Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase Reactions with Dimethylallyl Diphosphate Analogues Having Oxygen Atoms in Their Chains
Authors: Maki Yuji , Kurihara Masayo , Endo Takae , Abiko Megumi , Saito Kazuhiro , Watanabe Gotaro , Ogura Kyozo 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Six dimethylallyl diphosphate analogues having oxygen atoms in their alkyl chains were found to act as substrate in the reaction catalyzed by pig liver farnesyl diphosphate synthase to give geranyl diphosphate analogues or farnesyl diphosphate analogues. The number of IPP incorporated into the product depended on not only the length of the chain but also its hydrophobicity.
A Novel Method for Constructions of β-d-Mannosidic, 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-β-d-mannosidic, and 2-Deoxy-β-d-arabino-hexopyranosidic Units from the Bis(triflate) Derivative of β-d-Galactoside
Authors: Sato Ken-ichi , Yoshitomo Akira 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The useful constructions of β-d-mannosidic, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-d-mannosidic, and 2-deoxy-β-d-arabino-hexopyranosidic units from the same intermediate, 2,4-bis(O-trifluoromethanesulfonyl) derivative of β-d-galactoside, were achieved in a stepwise inversion at C-4 and C-2 by using cesium acetate, Bu4NBH4 and Bu4NN3 in good yields. Convenient and practical protections of β-d-mannoside to the straightforward synthesis of antennary oligosaccharides also achieved by using cesium trifluoroacetate.
Peptide Synthesis Mediated by Thiolsubtilisin Using Peptide Thioester as Building Block
Authors: Mihara Hisakazu , Maeda Shuko , Kurosaki Ryo , Ueno Satoko , Sakamoto Seiji , Niidome Takuro , Hojo Hironobu , Aimoto Saburo , Aoyagi Haruhiko 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Peptides were efficiently synthesized by the catalysis of chemically engineered protease, thiolsubtilisin, with peptide thioesters as substrate building blocks. The ligation method was successfully applied to the synthesis of a partial sequence of DNA-binding c-Myb protein.
Contact Plating of Organic Thin Films onto a Novel Metal and ITO Plates by Reduction of Nonionic Surfactants Containing an Azobenzene Group
Authors: Saji Tetsuo , Igusa Yoshio , Kobayashi Ken , Liu Shunlin 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Contact plating of organic thin films is demonstrated onto a noble metal (or ITO) plate short-circuited with an aluminum (or zink) plate in an aqueous dispersion containing organic pigments which are stabilized by nonionic surfactants containing an azobenzene group.
Formation of Pyruvic Acid by Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Lactic Acid
Authors: Ai Mamoru , Ohdan Kyoji 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Lactic acid is converted to pyruvic acid with a high selectivity by a vapor-phase air oxidation over iron phosphate catalysts with a P/Fe atomic ratio of 1.2. The partially reduced iron phosphates show better catalyst performances than the fresh, fully reduced, or reoxidized iron phosphates.
Synthesis of a Carbocyclic Oxetanocin Using Photocycloaddition
Authors: Somekawa Kenichi , Hara Ryosuke , Kinnami Kazushige , Muraoka Fumiko , Suishu Takaaki , Shimo Tetsuro 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
All-cis-3-acetoxycyclobutane-1,2-dicarboxylate 4 was provided from a photochemical endo-[2+2]cycloadduct between maleic anhydride and vinyl acetate, and 4 was coupled with adenine and reduced with LiAlH4 to give a carbocyclic oxetanocin 6.