bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecophysiological requirements and survival of a Trichoderma atroviride isolate with biocontrol potential
Authors: Longa Claudia Maria Oliveira , Pertot Ilaria , Tosi Solveig 
Published: August 2008

AbstractTrichoderma atroviride SC1, isolated from decayed hazelnut wood in northern Italy in 2000, is a promising fungal agent for biological control of soil‐borne plant pathogens. The objective of this research was to characterize the biology and ecology of this fungus, in order to determine its environmental parameter tolerance levels and its behavior in the phylloplane and soil systems. To better characterize T. atroviride SC1, the influences of pH, temperature, water activity and different nitrogen and carbon sources on its in vitro growth were evaluated. T. atroviride SC1 survival was assessed on strawberry leaves under controlled conditions in a greenhouse and in sterilized and non‐sterilized soil samples kept at room temperature. Results showed that isolate SC1 is mesophilic and grows best at 25 °C. The fungus tolerates a wide range of pH levels, but growth was reduced on alkaline media (pH ≥ 8). The nitrogen and carbon sources peptone, tryptone, nitrate, mannose, galactose and sucrose were associated with the highest mycelial biomass production, as compared with other potential sources of nitrogen and carbon. The fungus survived on strawberry leaves under greenhouse conditions (25 ± 2 °C, RH = 60 ± 10%) and grew in sterilized soils at room temperature (23 ± 2 °C) for 45 d. However, no increase in mycelial dry weight was observed in non‐sterilized soils. T. atroviride SC1 survived under the test conditions, showing a good potential for use in soil and foliar biocontrol applications. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Case control MR‐CISS and 3D TOF MRA imaging study of medullary compression and hypertension in hemifacial spasm
Authors: Chan Ling‐Ling , Lee Esther , Fook‐Chong Stephanie , Tan Eng‐King 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe association between ventro‐lateral medulla (VLM) compression and hypertension has not been compared between hemifacial spasm (HFS) and healthy controls using advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques specific for detecting neurovascular compression. We conducted a MR‐constructive interference in a steady state (CISS) and Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) imaging study of VLM compression in hypertensive HFS patients and hypertensive controls compared with healthy controls without hypertension. A total of 125 subjects, including 45 HFS, 51 healthy controls, and 29 hypertensive controls were included. When compared with healthy controls, there was a higher prevalence of VLM compression in hypertensive HFS (82.2% vs. 41.2%, P < 0.001, odds ratio = 6.61, 95% CI 2.37–19.48), and hypertensive controls (72.4% vs. 41.2%, P = 0.007, odds ratio = 3.75, 95% CI 1.42–9.89). Although the prevalence in hypertensive HFS was higher compared to controls with hypertension, this was not significant (82.2% vs. 72.4%). Compared to healthy controls, there was an increasing proportion of higher compression scores on the right (P = 0.001) and left (P = 0.038) (chi square for trend) in hypertensive HFS and hypertensive controls. Kruskal‐Wallis test revealed that the mean right compression score on the right (P = 0.003), left (P = 0.026) and the mean bilateral compression score (P < 0.0001) was higher in hypertensive HFS and hypertensive controls compared to healthy controls. MR‐CISS and MRA imaging revealed a greater likelihood of VLM compression in hypertensive HFS and hypertensive controls compared to healthy controls. Our case control study provides further support that VLM compression is associated with hypertension in HFS. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Psychogenic movement disorders in children
Authors: Ferrara Joseph , Jankovic Joseph 
Published: August 2008

AbstractPsychogenic movement disorders (PMDs) are well characterized in adults, but childhood‐onset PMDs have not been extensively studied. We reviewed the medical records of children who were diagnosed in our clinic with PMDs since 1988 and identified 54 patients with PMDs, representing 3.1% of our pediatric movement disorder population and 5.7% of all PMD cases. The mean age at symptom onset was 14.2 years (±2.11, range 7.6–17.7). Similar to published data in adults, two‐thirds of children exhibited multiple PMD phenotypes, the most common being tremor followed by dystonia and myoclonus. Most PMDs were abrupt in onset, paroxysmal and triggered by identifiable physical or psychological trauma. As in adults, childhood PMDs were more likely to affect females, but there was no female predominance in children less than 13 years old. Although prior studies suggest that medically unexplained symptoms beginning in childhood often follow a benign course, this cohort of children experienced marked disability and morbidity related to PMDs, including prolonged school absences and unnecessary surgical procedures in more than one‐fifth of patients. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
On solving periodic Riccati equations
Authors: Varga A. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractNumerically reliable algorithms to compute the periodic non‐negative definite stabilizing solutions of the periodic differential Riccati equation (PRDE) and discrete‐time periodic Riccati equation (DPRE) are proposed. For the numerical solution of PRDEs, a new multiple shooting‐type algorithm is developed to compute the periodic solutions in an arbitrary number of time moments within one period by employing suitable discretizations of the continuous‐time problems. In contrast to single shooting periodic generator methods, the multiple shooting‐type methods have the main advantage of being able to address problems with larger periods. Three methods are discussed to solve DPREs. Two of the methods represent extensions of the periodic QZ algorithm to non‐square periodic pairs, whereas the third method represents an extension of a quotient‐product swapping and collapsing ‘fast’ algorithm. All proposed approaches are completely general, being applicable to periodic Riccati equations with time‐varying dimensions as well as with singular weighting matrices. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preface: phys. stat. sol. (b) 245/9
Authors: Ellmer Klaus , Fiechter Sebastian 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe present Festschrift entitled “Solar energetics – from photovoltaics to water splitting” is dedicated to Professor Helmut Tributsch on the occasion of his 65th birthday.The sohonoured now looks back on an impressive scientific work spanning the entire range from questions in physics and chemistry to biology, with an emphasis on deciphering electro‐chemical and electrocatalytic processes. This research was carried out in collaboration with his group at the former Hahn‐Meitner‐InstitutNow “Helmholtz‐Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie” (HZB), or “Helmholtz Centre Berlin for Materials and Energy”.
in Berlin‐Wannsee as well as on sabbaticals in other institutes worldwide. Beginning with his Ph.D. thesis in Munich on the sensitization of zinc oxide, most of his scientific work was devoted to the conversion of solar energy for a future‐oriented energy supply of mankind. The sixteen contributions of this Special Issue of pss (b) were written by friends, colleagues, and former co‐workers of Professor Helmut Tributsch and reflect the broad field of physics and chemistry related to solar energy and catalysis where he has been very active during his scientific life, i.e.:– Sensitization of oxidic semiconductors– New materials for photovoltaics and catalysis– Novel heterostructures for water splitting– Ex‐situ and in‐situ characterization methodsAs reported in the laudatio on the following pages, Helmut Tributsch has made significant contributions to each of the above‐mentioned research fields.We hope that this issue, besides acting as a tribute to Professor Tributsch's long and successful scientific career, will stimulate the research in these emerging and rapidly developing fields.We, and surely also all contributors, friends, colleagues and collaborators, retrospectively wish Helmut Tributsch all the best for his 65th birthday and for his new phase in his life, which he is planning to spend in his homeland Friuli in the Alpes of North‐Italy.We woud like to take the opportunity to thank the team of physica status solidi, especially its Editor‐in‐Chief Martin Stutzmann and Sabine Bahrs from the editorial office for the courtesy of publishing this Festschrift and for the excellent support in the implementation of the book edition at hand. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Cisplatin functionalized single‐walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Tripisciano Carla , Borowiak‐Palen Ewa 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe use of chemotherapeutic agents is nowadays limited by the damage they inflict to healthy tissues. Due to the fact that Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess the characteristic feature of being not degraded in the human body, they can be used to deliver small organic drug molecules into the diseased cells thus preventing normal tissue damages. Here, the functionalization of acid treated Single‐Walled CNTs with Cisplatin (Cis‐Diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP)), a potent anticancer agent which suffers of toxic side‐effects and lack of selectivity, is presented. Raman Spectroscopy was exploited to estimate the purity of SWNTs sample and via Infrared (IR) analysis the characterization of the functional groups formed upon the acid treatment was performed. The morphology characterization was carried out with high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM), and Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, the CDDP release from the samples in physiological solution was studied using UV‐VIS Spectroscopy and Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An experimental study of the interaction between single walled carbon nanotubes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Authors: Debnath Sourabhi , Cheng Qiaohuan , Hedderman Theresa G. , Byrne Hugh J. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractIn this work to study the interaction between single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), PAHs of two oligomer series, the polyacene series and polyphenyl series are used. The interaction between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) has been studied by using a fluorescence model based on the adsorption/desorption equilibrium of SWNTs and PAHs. By using this model the binding energy between SWNTs and organic dyes is also obtained. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electron beam induced electronic transport in alkyl amine‐intercalated VOx nanotubes
Authors: O'Dwyer C. , Lavayen V. , Clavijo‐Cedeño C. , Torres C. M. Sotomayor 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe electron beam induced electronic transport in primary alkyl amine‐intercalated V2O5 nanotubes is investigated where the organic amine molecules are employed as molecular conductive wires to an aminosilanized substrate surface and contacted to Au interdigitated electrode contacts. The results demonstrate that the high conductivity of the nanotubes is related to the non‐resonant tunnelling through the amine molecules and a reduced polaron hopping conduction through the vanadium oxide itself. Both nanotube networks and individual nanotubes exhibit similarly high conductivities where the minority carrier transport is bias dependent and nanotube diameter invariant. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Species identification of Oetzi's clothing with matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry based on peptide pattern similarities of hair digests
Authors: Hollemeyer Klaus , Altmeyer Wolfgang , Heinzle Elmar , Pitra Christian 
Published: August 2008

AbstractIdentification of ancient biological samples from the 1991‐discovered and more than 5300‐year‐old Tyrolean mummy, also called iceman or Oetzi, is very difficult. The species of origins of four animal‐hair‐bearing samples of the accoutrement of the mummy not yet diagnosed were identified by a special proteomics method. Ha 43/91/130 and Ha 6/91, two samples from his coat, and Ha 5/91, a sample from his leggings, were assigned to sheep. The upper leather of his moccasins, Ha 2/91, was made from cattle. Despite the enormous age of these samples with partial (bio)chemical alterations, reliable identification was possible using a recently developed matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometric ((MALDI‐TOF MS)‐based analytical method. The method is exclusively based on the analysis of proteins and uses minute amounts of peptides directly derived from tryptic hair digests without any separation or enrichment steps. Unknown species are identified by comparison of their peptide ion patterns with known spectra stored in existing databases. Hereby, the correlation distance, a form of Euclidean distance, and deduced parameters are used to measure similarities.If more than one potential hit remains, specific diagnostic peptide ions are used to stepwise exclude incorrect matches. These ions are specific for orders, families, subfamilies/genera and/or even species. Peptide mass fingerprinting data combined with those from collision‐induced dissociation spectra (combined MS & MS/MS) were used for interpretation with the MASCOT search engine and the NCBI database to find the potential parentage of hair proteins. For this technique, selected precursor ions were identified as specific diagnostic peptide ions. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Random walks on the vertices of transportation polytopes with constant number of sources
Authors: Cryan Mary , Dyer Martin , Müller Haiko , Stougie Leen 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe consider the problem of uniformly sampling a vertex of a transportation polytope with m sources and n destinations, where m is a constant. We analyze a natural random walk on the edge‐vertex graph of the polytope. The analysis makes use of the multicommodity flow technique of Sinclair [Combin Probab Comput 1 (1992), 351–370] together with ideas developed by Morris and Sinclair [SIAM J Comput 34 (2004), 195–226] for the knapsack problem, and Cryan et al. [SIAM J Comput 36 (2006), 247–278] for contingency tables, to establish that the random walk approaches the uniform distribution in time n. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2008
Elementary school teachers as “targets and agents of change”: Teachers' learning in interaction with reform science curriculum
Authors: Metz Kathleen E. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis article examines teachers' perspectives on the challenges of using a science reform curriculum, as well as their learning in interaction with the curriculum and parallel professional development program. As case studies, I selected 4 veteran teachers of 2nd or 3rd grade, with varying science backgrounds (including 2 with essentially none). Capitalizing on the first activity of the monthly teacher meetings, wherein each teacher described an issue/challenge in using the curriculum, I analyzed how their conceptualization of issues changed over 5 points in time, 2 in the fall of 1 school year and 3 in the spring of the next. Exit interviews extend the time span under analysis to 32 months. Across this span, I examined the extent to which their thinking about the issues they raised reflected the problematic, in Dewey's sense of catalyst for fruitful taking up of the problem in ways supporting learning. Given the importance of understanding science as a way of knowing, I also analyzed their thinking vis‐à‐vis S. Carey and C. Smith's (1993) scientific knowledge‐construction continuum from “knowledge unproblematic” to “knowledge problematic.” Analyses indicate that 3 of the 4 achieved fundamental advancements in their thinking, although of different forms and through different mechanisms of change. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed 93:915–954, 2009
Correction
Authors: Senn Stephen , Graf Erika , Caputo Angelika 
Published: August 2008

Abstract‘Stratification for the propensity score compared with linear regression techniques to assess the effect of treatment or exposure’ (Statistics in Medicine 2007; 26:5529–5544, DOI: 10.1002/sim.3133).In Section 4.2.1 entitled ‘Marginal inference’, \documentclass{article}\footskip=0pc\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}${\rm{Var}}(\hat{\beta_{1}})$\end{document} is incorrect. It should read

Therefore, ${\rm{Var}}(\hat{\Delta}){<}{\rm{Var}}(\hat{\beta_1})$ if and only if $1 + {\tilde{\beta}{}^2}/{\sigma^2}{<}(n-3)/(n-4)$. If $|\tilde{\beta}|$, the effect of the covariate, is sufficiently small, its inclusion in the linear model will inflate the marginal variance, so that the PS estimator outperforms the LS estimator for the linear model including the covariate in terms of marginal variance. However, provided $\tilde{\beta} \neq 0$, for sufficiently large sample size, the inclusion of the covariate in the linear model will be beneficial.
Microtubule Alignment and Manipulation Using AC Electrokinetics
Authors: Uppalapati Maruti , Huang Ying‐Ming , Jackson Thomas N. , Hancock William O. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe kinesin‐microtubule system plays an important role in intracellular transport and is a model system for integrating biomotor‐driven transport into microengineered devices. AC electrokinetics provides a novel tool for manipulating and organizing microtubules in solution, enabling new experimental geometries for investigating and controlling the interactions of microtubules and microtubule motors in vitro. By fabricating microelectrodes on glass substrates and generating AC electric fields across solutions of microtubules in low‐ionic‐strength buffers, bundles of microtubules are collected and aligned and the electrical properties of microtubules in solution are measured. The AC electric fields result in electro‐osmotic flow, electrothermal flow, and dielectrophoresis of microtubules, which can be controlled by varying the solution conductivity, AC frequency, and electrode geometry. By mapping the solution conductivity and AC frequency over which positive dielectrophoresis occurs, the apparent conductivity of taxol‐stabilized bovine‐brain microtubules in PIPES buffer is measured to be 250 mS m−1. By maximizing dielectrophoretic forces and minimizing electro‐osmotic and electrothermal flow, microtubules are assembled into opposed asters. These experiments demonstrate that AC electrokinetics provides a powerful new tool for kinesin‐driven transport applications and for investigating the role of microtubule motors in development and maintenance of the mitotic spindle.
Understanding the Kinetics and Nanoscale Morphology of Electron‐Beam‐Induced Deposition via a Three‐Dimensional Monte Carlo Simulation: The Effects of the Precursor Molecule and the Deposited Material
Authors: Smith Daryl A. , Fowlkes Jason D. , Rack Philip D. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe electron‐beam‐induced deposition of silicon oxide from tetraethyorthosilicate and tungsten from tungsten hexafluoride is simulated via a Monte Carlo simulation. Pseudo one‐dimensional nanopillars are grown using comparable electron‐beam parameters and a comparison of the vertical and lateral growth rate and the pillar morphology is correlated to the precursor and deposited material parameters. The primary and secondary electrons (type I) are found to dominate the vertical growth rate and the lateral growth rate is dominated by forward and secondary electrons (type II). The resolution and morphology of the nanopillars are affected by the effective electron interaction volume and the resultant surface coverage of the precursor species in the effective electron interaction region. Finally, the simulated results are compared to previously reported experimental results.
Cocaine abuse and sensitization of striatal dopamine transmission: A critical review of the preclinical and clinical imaging literature
Authors: Narendran Rajesh , Martinez Diana 
Published: August 2008

AbstractMuch effort has been devoted in the preclinical addiction literature to understanding the phenomenon of sensitization, an enhanced dopaminergic response in the nucleus accumbens that occurs after repeated exposure to psychostimulant drugs. Although sensitization has been reported in preclinical studies, studies of sensitization in humans measuring behavioral and physiological responses have been mixed and inconclusive. However, imaging studies with positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using a stimulant challenge to induce dopamine (DA) release provide a unique opportunity to probe DA transmission in cocaine dependent human subjects. In contrast to the basic science literature that predicted sensitization, three independent cohorts have shown a blunted DA response, or the opposite of sensitization, in human cocaine dependent subjects. This article reviews the methodological differences between the preclinical and clinical PET studies that have investigated DA sensitization in order to address the discrepancy between the human and animal literature. Synapse 62:851–869, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Decision support system in the design of steel moment‐resisting frames using a realistic cost model
Authors: Choi Byoung Han , Kim Young Moon 
Published: August 2008

AbstractStructural design and performance evaluation involve complex decision‐making tasks that are both time and cost intensive. Decision support systems that combine engineer interaction with computer‐based tools to provide a joint cognitive decision‐making environment can significantly help engineers. In this study, computational approaches that can become part of such a decision support system are proposed. These approaches use simulation‐based design to assist engineers with the design of steel moment‐resisting frames (SMRFs). A genetic algorithm (GA)‐based optimization approach is presented for the design of SMRFs with rigid connections that enables designers to identify the best locations for rigid connections in a frame. The optimization approach uses a unique cost function to carry out a trade‐off study between overall cost and rigid connections. Unlike some studies that express the connection cost as a factor of the entire frame weight, in this study, the connections and their associated cost factors are explicitly represented at the member level in order to evaluate the cost of the connections associated with each beam. The optimization formulation is then modified in order to generate alternatives that will have a cost comparable to that of the optimal solution, and that also might be more suitable for design than the optimal solution. The proposed approach enables engineers to compare different solutions on the basis of a number of practical criteria for the decision of the final design. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.