bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bauteilversuche Oberesslingen – Teil 1
Authors: Fuhrmann Anna , Schmitz Marc , Lampert Barbara 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIm Rahmen des Forschungs‐ und Entwicklungsvorhabens Instandsetzung unter Betrieb (IuB) der Bundesanstalt für Wasserbau werden gemeinsam mit dem Wasserstraßen‐Neubauamt Heidelberg, dem Institut für Technologie und Management im Baubetrieb des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie sowie der Generaldirektion Wasserstraßen und Schifffahrt Bauteilversuche durchgeführt, um geeignete Verfahren zur Grundinstandsetzung einer Schleusenkammer unter zeitlich und räumlich eingeschränkten Randbedingungen in Hinsicht auf Arbeitszeiten und Platzverhältnisse zu identifizieren. Die Bauteilversuche finden an der Neckarschleuse Oberesslingen in der rechten Kammer statt, die bisher als Sparkammer für die linke Kammer genutzt wurde. Der Umfang erstreckt sich vom Teilabbruch der Kammerwand zur Reprofilierung mittels einer Vorsatzschale und partieller Trockenlegung bis zu einer Rahmenlösung, mit deren Hilfe zukünftig Tortausche innerhalb kurzer Zeit durchgeführt werden könnten. Die umfangreiche Konzeption der Bauteilversuche umfasst die zwingenden und technischen Anforderungen, die berücksichtigt werden müssen. Hierunter fallen sowohl allgemeingültige Anforderungen für die Umsetzbarkeit der erprobten Verfahren an weiteren Schleusen als auch spezifische Anforderungen, die für die Umsetzung in Oberesslingen maßgebend sind. Charakterisierend für die Bauteilversuche ist der mögliche Einsatz innovativer Verfahren und Herangehensweisen und dadurch bedingte Abweichungen des Regelwerks.
Handlungsrahmen Instandsetzung
Authors: Bödefeld Jörg , Huber Jörg , Wachholz Thilo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractStahlwasserbauteile haben im Hinblick auf die Betriebsfähigkeit und Sicherheit der Verkehrswasserbauwerke und damit auf die Leistungsfähigkeit der Bundeswasserstraßen in Deutschland eine große Bedeutung. Alleine in Schleusen und Wehren sind über 1500 Stahlwasserbauteile verbaut, die als Verschlüsse in Wehren den Wasserstand regeln und als Tore in Schleusen den Schiffen die Überwindung von Höhendifferenzen ermöglichen. Durch die erforderlichen Bewegungen und das teils strömende Wasser erfahren die Stahlwasserbauteile eine große Beanspruchung, die einen den Bauteilwiderstand reduzierenden Korrosionsprozess auslösen können. In Überlagerung mit einer vernachlässigten Instandhaltung dokumentiert die Bauwerksinspektion im Ergebnis einen entsprechend schlechten Zustand der Stahlwasserbauteile. Diese Randbedingungen haben die Wasserstraßen‐ und Schifffahrtsverwaltung des Bundes (WSV) dazu bewegt, die Erhaltung der Stahlwasserbauteile auf eine präventive Instandhaltungsstrategie umzustellen. Im Rahmen eines Konzepts Handlungsrahmen Instandsetzung sind eine Instandsetzung korrodierter Stahlbauteile und eine Erneuerung des Korrosionsschutzes in festen Intervallen vorgesehen. Dies stellt für die Verwaltung als Auftraggeber und die ausführenden Firmen als Auftragnehmer eine anspruchsvolle Aufgabe dar.
Assessing the impact of seasonality on bioenergy production from energy crops in Germany, considering just‐in‐time philosophy
Authors: Sadr Mohammad , Esmaeili Aliabadi Danial , Avşar Bihter , Thrän Daniela 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe availability of biomass is strongly influenced by seasonality, which can affect the production of biofuels, biogas, and bio‐based products in the downstream bioenergy supply chain. Rapeseed, maize silage, sugar beet, wheat, and grass from grassland are the most popular energy crops; they play a significant role in the German bioenergy strategy and are being discussed extensively in the current gas shortage context. Most models in the literature assume yearly temporal resolution for these energy crops, which can negatively impact the accuracy of results. This problem is increasingly relevant under weather conditions that are varying increasingly due to climate change; in this study we therefore employ the extended bioenergy optimization model (BENOPTex) to explore the impact of seasonality on the optimal deployment of biomass from energy crops in bioenergy production in the German heat, power, and transport sectors, which typically show high dependency on fossil fuels. First, we increased the model's temporal resolution using available datasets and documents. Next, the varying availability factors were embedded in the optimization model, considering the no‐storage policy for energy crops in accordance with the just‐in‐time philosophy. Finally, the outcomes of the BENOPTex with annual resolution were contrasted with the results including the effects of seasonality, while considering various objective functions. We demonstrated a shift toward the consumption of woody biomass until 2045 due to its longer shelf life and improved storability. The energy demand stemming from summer leisure travel was also anticipated to exceed the bioenergy system's capacity. The insights provided here might be interesting for policymakers who design roadmaps for bioenergy development with a more resilient energy supply.
Site‐specific mutagenesis on Mnemiopsin 2: Calcium coordination and substrate binding properties of new variants
Authors: Ahmadi Yasaman , Jafarian Vahab , Shirdel Akram 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe used site‐specific mutagenesis by targeting E179 and F190 on the structure of photoprotein Mnemiopsin 2 (Mn2) from Mnemiopsis leidyi. The tertiary structure of E179S and F190L mutants was made by the MODELLER program. Far‐ultraviolet circular dichroism data showed that the overall secondary structural content of photoprotein is not changed upon mutation, however the helicity and stabilizing interactions in helical structure decreases in mutants as compared with the wild‐type (WT) photoprotein. Fluorescence spectra data revealed that the tertiary structure of the mutants is more compact than that of WT Mn2. According to the heat‐induced denaturation experiments data, the melting temperature (Tm) for the unfolding of tertiary structure of the F190L variant increases by 3°C compared with that of the WT and E179S mutant. Interestingly, the conformational enthalpy of the F190L mutant (86 kcal mol−1) is considerably lower than those in the WT photoprotein (102 kcal mol−1) and E179S mutant (106 kcal mol−1). The significant difference in the enthalpy of the thermal unfolding process could be explained by considering that the thermally denatured state of the F190L mutant is structurally less expanded than the WT and E179S variants. Bioluminescence activity data showed that the maximum characteristic wavelengths of the mutants undergo blue shift as compared with the WT protein. Initial intensity of the F190L and E179S variants was recorded to be 137.5% and 55.9% of the WT protein, respectively.
Communicative impairment and its neural correlates in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia
Authors: Haeger Alexa , Muising Janka , Romanzetti Sandro , Fimm Bruno , Matz Oliver , Schulz Jörg B. , Heim Stefan , Reetz Kathrin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveCommunication skills can deteriorate in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD); however, their clinical assessment and treatment in patient care can be challenging. In the present study, we aimed to quantify the distinctive communication resources and barriers reported by patients and their relatives in AD and FTD and associated these communicative characteristics with clinical parameters, such as the degree of cognitive impairment and atrophy in language‐associated brain areas.MethodsWe assessed self‐reported communication barriers and resources in 33 individuals with AD and FTD through an interview on daily‐life communication, using the Aachener KOMPASS questionnaire. We correlated reported communication barriers and resources with atrophy from high‐resolution 3T brain magnetic resonance imaging, neuropsychological assessment, and neurodegenerative markers from cerebrospinal fluid.ResultsCommunicative impairment was higher in FTD compared to AD. Increased reported communication barriers in our whole sample were associated with the atrophy rate in the left middle temporal lobe, a critical site within the neuronal language network, and with depressive symptoms as well as the semantic word fluency from neuropsychological assessment. The best model for prediction of communicative impairment included the diagnosis (AD or FTD), semantic word fluency, and depressive symptoms.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that communication barriers and resources can be successfully assessed via a structured interview based on self‐report and report of patients’ relatives in practice and are reflected in neuroimaging specific for AD and FTD as well as in further clinical parameters specific for these neurodegenerative diseases. This can potentially open new treatment options for clinical practice and patient care.
Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and its relation to Parkinson's disease: The potential of graph measures as brain biomarkers to identify the underlying physiopathology of the disorder
Authors: Najafzadeh Milad , Mohammadian Fatemeh , Mirabian Sara , Ganji Zohre , Akbari Hossein , Rezaie Masoud , Ranjbar Esmaeil , Zare Hoda , Nasseri Shahrokh , Ferini‐Strambi Luigi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRapid eye movement behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle atonia during the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep phase. On the other hand, idiopathic RDB (iRBD) is considered the prelude of the various α‐synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy. Consequently, over 40% of patients eventually develop PD. Recent neuroimaging studies utilizing structural magnetic resonance imaging (s‐MRI), diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with graph theoretical analysis have demonstrated that patients with iRBD and Parkinson's disease have extensive brain abnormalities. Thus, it is crucial to identify new biomarkers that aid in determining the underlying physiopathology of iRBD group. This review was conducted systematically on the included full‐text articles of s‐MRI, DWI, and fMRI studies using graph theoretical analysis on patients with iRBD, per the procedures recommended by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA). The literature search was conducted through the PubMed and Google scholar databases concentrating on studies from September to January 2022. Based on the three perspectives of integration, segregation, and centrality, the reviewed articles demonstrated that iRBD is associated with segregation disorders in frontal and limbic brain regions. Moreover, this study highlighted the need for additional longitudinal and multicenter studies to better understand the potential of graph metrics as brain biomarkers for identifying the underlying physiopathology of iRBD group.
Modular Divergent Synthesis of Indole Alkaloid Derivatives by an Atypical Ugi Multicomponent Reaction
Authors: Horst Brendan , van Duijnen Niels , Janssen Elwin , Hansen Thomas , Ruijter Eelco 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe present an Ugi multicomponent approach to explore the chemical space around Aspidosperma‐type monoterpene indole alkaloids. By variation of the isocyanide and carboxylic acid inputs we demonstrate the rapid generation of molecular diversity and the possibility to introduce handles for further modification. The key Ugi three‐component reaction showed full diastereoselectivity towards the cis‐fused ring system, which can be rationalized by DFT calculations that moreover indicate that the reaction proceeds via a Passerini‐type hydrogen bonding mechanism. Several post‐Ugi modifications were also performed, including Pictet‐Spengler cyclization to highly complex nonacyclic natural product hybrid scaffolds.
Amino‐ and Alkoxybenziodoxoles: Facile Preparation and Use as Arynophiles
Authors: Kanemoto Kazuya , Yoshimura Ken , Ono Koki , Ding Wei , Ito Shingo , Yoshikai Naohiko 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe report here on the facile synthesis of amino‐ and alkoxy‐λ3‐iodanes supported by a benziodoxole (BX) template and their use as arynophiles. The amino‐ and alkoxy‐BX derivatives can be readily synthesized by reacting the respective amines or alcohols with chlorobenziodoxole in the presence of a suitable base. Unlike previously known nitrogen‐ and oxygen‐bound iodane compounds, which have primarily been employed as electrophilic group transfer agents or oxidants, the present amino‐ and alkoxy‐BX reagents manifest themselves as nucleophilic amino and alkoxy transfer agents toward arynes. This reactivity leads to the aryne insertion into the N−I(III) or O−I(III) bond to afford ortho‐amino‐ and ortho‐alkoxy‐arylbenziodoxoles, iodane compounds nontrivial to procure by existing methods. The BX group in these insertion products exhibits excellent leaving group ability, enabling diverse downstream transformations.
Monitoring dynamic process with orthonormal subspace analysis
Authors: Lou Zhijiang , Hao Weichen , Lu Shan , Wang Yonghui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTraditional multivariate statistics‐based process monitoring (MSPM) methods are static algorithms, and the “time lag shift” method (TLSM) is the most commonly used approach to handle the dynamic issue. This paper proves in theory that two drawbacks exist in TLSM‐based dynamic approaches: information unrelated to the real‐time data is also analyzed, and information that can be predicted by historical data is counted repeatedly in both real‐time and historical data. This paper adopts orthonormal subspace analysis (OSA) to handle these issues. OSA can successfully separate real‐time data into information that can be predicted by historical data (the dynamic component) and cannot be predicted for process monitoring (the static component), so the detection result is not influenced by redundant information and is more sensitive to process faults than TLSM‐based dynamic methods.
Density Functional Theory Calculations on Fluorescence‐Enhanced Mechanisms of the Optical Sensor for Zinc Ions, ADPA
Authors: Su Quyan , Li Yuanming , Han Jia , Zhou Xiaoguo , Liu Shilin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractN‐(9‐anthracenylmethyl)‐N‐(2‐pyridinylmethyl)‐2‐pyridinemethanamine (ADPA) as a specific ion sensor for Zn2+ has been widely applied. Although the photo‐induced electron transfer (PET) mechanism was proposed previously, its fluorescence‐enhanced effect still remains somewhat ambiguous, according to unknown influences of non‐radiative energy decay pathways, such as intersystem crossing and internal conversion. Herein, a thorough study using density functional theory has been performed for low‐lying electronic states of the ADPA monomer and hydrated ADPA‐Zn2+ complex. Based on interfragment charge transfer analyses, we quantitatively calculated the amount of transferred electrons in the monomer and complex, providing solid evidences for the PET mechanism and in line with the conclusion of frontier molecular orbital analyses. Moreover, the ISC process of S1→T2 was confirmed to play a considerable role in the excitation energy relaxation process of the ADPA monomer, but this influence was significantly suppressed in the hydrated ADPA‐Zn2+ complex. These results provide additional clues for the design of new metal ion‐specific fluorescence probes.
CD39 expression defines exhausted CD4+ T cells associated with poor survival and immune evasion in human gastric cancer
Authors: Duan Zhen‐quan , Li Yu‐xian , Qiu Yuan , Shen Yang , Wang Ying , Zhang Yuan‐yuan , Zhu Bao‐hang , Yu Xiao‐hong , Tan Xue‐ling , Chen Weisan , Zhuang Yuan , Cheng Ping , Zhang Wei‐jun , Zou Quan‐ming , Ma Dai‐yuan , Peng Liu‐sheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesCD4+ T cell helper and regulatory function in human cancers has been well characterised. However, the definition of tumor‐infiltrating CD4+ T cell exhaustion and how it contributes to the immune response and disease progression in human gastric cancer (GC) remain largely unknown.MethodsA total of 128 GC patients were enrolled in the study. The expression of CD39 and PD‐1 on CD4+ T cells in the different samples was analysed by flow cytometry. GC‐infiltrating CD4+ T cell subpopulations based on CD39 expression were phenotypically and functionally assessed. The role of CD39 in the immune response of GC‐infiltrating T cells was investigated by inhibiting CD39 enzymatic activity.ResultsIn comparison with CD4+ T cells from the non‐tumor tissues, significantly more GC‐infiltrating CD4+ T cells expressed CD39. Most GC‐infiltrating CD39+CD4+ T cells exhibited CD45RA−CCR7− effector–memory phenotype expressing more exhaustion‐associated inhibitory molecules and transcription factors and produced less TNF‐α, IFN‐γ and cytolytic molecules than their CD39−CD4+ counterparts. Moreover, ex vivo inhibition of CD39 enzymatic activity enhanced their functional potential reflected by TNF‐α and IFN‐γ production. Finally, increased percentages of GC‐infiltrating CD39+CD4+ T cells were positively associated with disease progression and patients' poorer overall survival.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that CD39 expression defines GC‐infiltrating CD4+ T cell exhaustion and their immunosuppressive function. Targeting CD39 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for treating GC patients.
Influence of the ion core on relaxation processes in dense plasmas
Authors: Ramazanov T. S. , Kodanova S. K. , Issanova M. K. , Kenzhegulov B. Z. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe effect of an ionic core on the temperature relaxation in dense hot plasma of beryllium is studied using the pseudpotential model by Gericke et al [Phys. Rev. E 2010, 81, 065401(R)]. Employing the screened version of the ion pseudpotential [by Ramazanov et al, Phys. Plasmas 2021, 28 (9), 092702], we computed the quantum transport cross section for the electron‐ion collisions in dense beryllium plasma, where screening is taking into account using the density response function in the long‐wavelength regime. The results for the transport cross section are used to compute a generalised Coulomb logarithm and electron‐ion collision frequency. Utilizing the latter, we show the effect of the ionic core on the temperature relaxation. To understand the role of the ionic core, we compare the results with the data computed considering ions as point‐like charges.
Living with voracious roommates: Factors that explain isotopic niche variation in a mixed colony of insectivorous bats
Authors: Peña‐Villalobos Isaac , Muñoz‐Pacheco Catalina B. , Escobar Martín A. H. , Jaksic Fabian M. , Sabat Pablo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTheory predicts that in resource‐limited environments, coexisting species may overlap their niche dimensions but must differ in at least one to avoid competitive exclusion. Specifically, it has been suggested that the coexistence of competing species within a guild, could be sustained with mechanisms of resource partitioning, such as segregation along a trophic dimension. Among the most gregarious mammals are bats, which present diversification in their diet based on habitat choice and body size. Despite differences that could explain specialization in prey selection, there are insufficient studies that explore food overlap in mixed bat colonies and the factors that determine the selection of prey, both at intra‐ and inter‐specific levels. To fill this gap, we analyzed the isotope signal (δ13C and δ15N) in feces collected in a mixed colony of Tadarida brasiliensis and Myotis chiloensis. To understand how several factors could influence these isotopic signals, intrinsic explanatory variables were analyzed, including body mass, body length, age, and sex. Also, extrinsic variables were analyzed, including monthly temporality and moonlight intensity. Our findings support age‐dependent specialization in M. chiloensis, with a significant role of moonlight intensity and sex on δ15N. In T. brasiliensis, we identified a significant effect of size, sex, and ear length on δ15N. Our analysis indicates that both species of bats experience diverse degrees of overlap through austral summer months, affected by several factors that explain the variability in their fecal isotopic signals.
Niche position and niche breadth effects on population abundances: A case study of New World Warblers (Parulidae)
Authors: Castaño‐Quintero Sandra , Velasco Julián , González‐Voyer Alejandro , Martínez‐Meyer Enrique , Yáñez‐Arenas Carlos 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSpecies abundance patterns are influenced by a myriad of factors, including habitat availability and ecological niche characteristics. However, the evidence concerning the specific impact factors such as niche position and niche breadth on mean and maximum abundances in vertebrates at a broad geographical scale remains inconclusive. In this study, we investigated the influence of niche position and breadth on the abundance of 47 species of birds belonging to the Parulidae family, commonly known as New World Warblers. We obtained data on abundance and presence records spanning the reproductive distribution of these species and employed the outlying mean index analysis to calculate niche position and niche breadth. We assessed the relationship between abundance metrics and niche descriptors using phylogenetic regressions to account for the non‐independence resulting from phylogenetic ancestry. Initially, we developed individual models for each predictor and subsequently formulated a multi‐predictor model encompassing niche position, niche breadth, and their interaction. Our findings revealed a negative relationship between niche position and both mean and maximum abundance, while niche breadth exhibited a positive relationship with these niche characteristics. Notably, the results of the multi‐predictor models indicated that niche position exerted the most substantial influence on both mean and maximum abundance. Additionally, the interaction between niche position and niche breadth had the most positive and significant contribution to mean population abundance. This study underscores the need for future research in other vertebrates to delve into the mechanisms underlying these patterns. Such endeavors will not only enhance our understanding of ecological dynamics but also equip us with predictive capabilities to anticipate population responses to environmental changes effectively.