bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution of Foraminiferal Assemblages in Contemporary Bottom Sediments of Qua-Iboe River Estuary, Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Emeka Victoria I. , Nyong Eyo Etim , Emeka Chimezie N. , Ukpong AniediObong J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Qua-Iboe River estuary, Southeast Nigeria, was studied to determine the relationship between foraminiferal distribution and bottom water physicochemical parameters including salinity, temperature, depth, dissolved oxygen, pH, tidal energy, and sediment. Fifty-five bottom sediment samples from geo-referenced stations were collected at water depths of 0–10 m across the channel. Ten species of foraminifera were identified in the estuary. Q-mode cluster analysis resulted in two biotopes (1 and 2), each representing distinct sub-environments. Biotope 1 included two sub-groups namely, 1a and 1b. Biotope 1a represents the upper estuary environment and is distinguished by the non-recovery of foraminifera. It has a maximum water depth of 8.3 m and occurs in freshwater conditions (0 ppt) with slightly acidic to neutral pH and fine- to medium-grained sands. Biotope 1b is found in the mid-estuarine environment and has a maximum water depth of 4 m. It is distinguished by an abundance of Arenoparrella mexicana. Biotope 2 occurs within the subtidal lower estuarine environment with a maximum water depth of 4 m. It is characterized by slightly acidic to slightly alkaline (pH = 6–8), brackish to marine waters, with fine to very fine-grained sands. Foraminiferal species commonly found in this biotope include Ammonia beccarii, Pseudononion japonicum, and Cribroelphidium excavatum. As salinity increased seawards, agglutinated taxa were gradually replaced by calcareous species. Foraminiferal assemblages in bottom sediments are strongly influenced by salinity.
Morphotypical and Geochemical Variations of Planktic Foraminiferal Species in Siberian and Central Arctic Ocean Core Tops
Authors: Prabhakar Maya , Thirumalai Kaustubh , Cronin Thomas M. , Gemery Laura , Thomas Elizabeth K. , Rafter Patrick A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this work, we utilize a transect of core top, mid- to late Holocene, sediments from the Eastern Siberian Sea to the central Arctic Ocean, spanning gradients in upper-ocean water column properties, to examine regional planktic foraminiferal species abundances and geochemistry. We present species- and morphotype-specific foraminiferal assemblages at these sites and stable isotope analyses of neogloboquadrinids. We find little variation in planktic species populations, and only small variations in N. pachyderma morphotype distributions, between sites. Spatial averages of N. pachyderma morphotype and N. incompta δ18O values show no significant differences, suggesting a similar calcification depth for all morphotypes of N. pachyderma and N. incompta across our sites, which we estimate to be between ∼ 50–150 m. Values of δ18O of a group of unencrusted specimens delineate a shallower calcification habitat. Neogloboquadrina pachyderma-2 Mg/Ca values yield temperatures outside the range of observations using available calibration equations, pointing toward the need for more Arctic-specific Mg/Ca-temperature calibrations.
Comparison of Gas Signature and Void Fraction in Water- and Oil-Based Muds Using Fiber-Optic Distributed Acoustic Sensor, Distributed Temperature Sensor, and Distributed Strain Sensor
Authors: Adeyemi Temitayo , Wei Chen , Sharma Jyotsna , Chen Yuanhang 
Published: April 2024

Summary
Accurate estimation and prediction of gas rise velocity, length of the gas influx region, and void fraction are important for optimal gas kick removal, riser gas management, and well control planning. These parameters are also essential in monitoring and characterization of multiphase flow. However, gas dynamics in non-Newtonian fluids, such as drilling mud, which is essential for gas influx control, are poorly understood due to the inability to create full-scale annular flow conditions that approximate the conditions observed in the field. This results in a lack of understanding and poor prediction of gas kick behavior in the field. To bridge this gap, we use distributed fiber-optic sensors (DFOS) for real-time estimation of gas rise velocity, void fraction, and influx length in water and oil-based mud (OBM) at the well scale.
DFOS can overcome a major limitation of downhole gauges and logging tools by enabling the in-situ monitoring of dynamic events simultaneously across the entire wellbore. This study is the first well-scale deployment of distributed acoustic sensor (DAS), distributed temperature sensor (DTS), and distributed strain sensor (DSS) for investigation of gas behavior in water and OBM. Gas void fraction, migration velocities, and gas influx lengths were analyzed across a 5,163-ft-deep wellbore for multiphase experiments conducted with nitrogen in water and nitrogen in synthetic-based mud, at similar operating conditions. An improved transient drift flux–based numerical model was developed to simulate the experimental processes and understand the gas dynamics in different wellbore fluid environments. The gas velocities, void fractions, and gas influx lengths estimated independently using DAS, DTS, and DSS showed good agreement with the simulation results, as well as the downhole gauge analysis.
Identification of the Effective Crane Hook’s Cross Section
Authors: Dipu Md Nazmul Hasan , Apu Mahbub Hasan , Chowdhury Pritidipto Paul 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The crane hook is a widely utilized component in several industries for the purpose of lifting things. The crane hook must possess the capacity to withstand the intended load without encountering any complications, hence ensuring the safety of both personnel and the objects being lifted. The process of analysis is crucial for the effective utilization of a crane hook. The primary aim of this study was to determine the most efficient cross-sectional crane hook among five distinct geometric profiles. This was achieved through the application of finite element analysis using Solidworks software. Subsequently, the identified cross-sectional profile was further examined using the Python programming language, taking into account the classical equation of a curved beam. The five cross-sectional shapes seen in the study were circular, rectangular, trapezoidal, I-shaped, and T-shaped. For the purposes of this investigation, the chosen material for each cross-sectional crane hook model was 34CrMo4 steel. Despite the identical boundary constraints imposed on all the chosen cross-sectional crane hook profiles, it was observed that the trapezoidal cross-sectional crane hook exhibited superior performance compared to the others. The trapezoidal cross-sectional crane hook model exhibited a von Mises stress of 202997600 Pa, with a corresponding factor of safety of 3.202. Further experimentation was conducted using Python to examine the trapezoidal profile. The results indicated that an increased level of parallelism in the inner side of the trapezoidal shape corresponded to a higher factor of safety. Hence, it is advisable to maintain the trapezoidal cross-sectional profile of the crane hook, with due consideration given to maximizing the length of the inner parallel side. The enhancement of design leads to a decrease in the likelihood of failure and the occurrence of undesirable accidents.
Parameter Analysis Of Pulsars Evolutionary Dynamics
Authors: Wang Yuheng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Pulsars hold a unique significance in astronomy, and studying their life cycle evolution offers a window into understanding the broader dynamics of their surrounding environments. This essay delves into the evolution of pulsars by analyzing data from 299 pulsar samples, which include recorded parameters such as period, period derivative, characteristic age, luminosity, spin-down energy loss rate, and surface magnetic flux density. Through plotting graphs of these parameters against each other, the essay aims to uncover the relationships between them and compare the findings with established theories. The results of the analysis reveal a consistent pattern in pulsar evolution. As pulsars evolve, both their period and period derivative decrease. This reduction in period and period derivative consequently leads to a decline in both magnetic flux density and spin-down energy loss rate. Notably, these two parameters exhibit an exponential decrease over the characteristic age of the pulsar. This study sheds light on the dynamic evolution of pulsars and emphasises the interconnection of various parameters that shape their evolutionary trajectories. By understanding the evolution of pulsars, we can gain valuable insights into the broader processes at work in their surrounding environments.
Stochastic Modeling of PM10 Forecasting for Taiwan's River Dust-Raising Events using LightGBM
Authors: Ho Chih Chao , Chang Chih Hsiung 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

To enhance the accuracy of Taiwan's existing river dust-raising alert system, which exclusively depends on wind speed predictions, this study combines hydrological, meteorological, air quality information with LightGBM to establish a stochastic model for forecasting PM10 exceedance probabilities. The flexible probability information can effectively reduce the risk of poor decision-making caused by concentration deterministic forecast errors. LightGBM, a boosting-based ensemble learning algorithm, employs a depth-constrained leaf-wise growth strategy, speeding up training, reducing memory consumption, and shortening training time. The results of model training and validation demonstrate good performance in terms of accuracy, recall, and specificity metrics. This signifies that the model effectively predicts the occurrence of actual dust-raising events. In comparison to the current dust-raising alert mechanism, the model can significantly reduce unnecessary dust alerts and lightening the workforce's burden. Moreover, this model effectively forecasts dust events under low to moderate wind speed conditions, providing decision-makers with crucial support data for proactive dust control deployment.
HPV DNA Status and Clinical History of Patients are Supplements for Accurate Reporting of the Cytological Pap Smear.
Authors: Ali Mohammad , Kumar Amit , Karim Shabana , Irfan Mohammad , Kumar Sachin , sinha shwaeta , kumar Arun , Singh Manisha , Ghosh Ashok , sinha Reena 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose: The present study was aimed at showing the importance of HPV DNA status and clinical history of the patients required to cytologist for accurate reporting.
Methods: A total of 1250 symptomatic women who attended the gynaecology outpatient department of the Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Nalanda Medical College, Patna, for pap smear examinations were screened and recruited for the study. Due to highly clinical symptoms out of the negative with inflammatory smears reported, one hundred and ten patients were randomly advised for biopsy and HPV 16/18 DNA analysis by a gynaecologist to correlate negative smears included in the study.
Results:Pap smear reports revealed that 1178 (94.24%) were negative for intraepithelial lesions (NILM) with inflammatory smears, 23 (1.84%) smears showed low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 12 (0.96%) smears showed high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), and 37 (2.96%) smears showed an atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS). A biopsy of 110 out of 1178 (NILM) patients revealed that 15 (13.63%) women had cervical cancer, 29 women had cervicitis, 17 women had dysplasia, 35 women had benign cervical changes, and 14 women had haemorrhages. On the other hand, HPV 16/18 DNA was detected as positive in 87 out of 110. .
Conclusion: The high positivity of HPV in biopsied cases where frank cervical cancer and at-risk cancer were also observed in the negative smear -screened patients, reveals that the HPV status and clinical history of the patients will be quite helpful to the cytologist for accurate reporting, and suggests that a negative HPV DNA result may be a stronger predictor of cervical cancer risk than a negative Pap test.
Unveiling the Crucial Role of Ferroptosis in Host Resistance to Streptococcus agalactiae Infection
Authors: jiang Hua , yi Jiaxuan , sun zeyu , Li Jing , Jiang Yongqiang , Liu Peng , Wang Yuhang , Liu Hui , Lv Qingyu , Kong Decong , Huang Wenhua , Ren Yuhao , Li Qian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

IL-1β represents an important inflammatory factor involved in the host response against GBS infection. Prior research has suggested a potential involvement of IL-1β in the process of ferroptosis. However, the relationship between IL-1β and ferroptosis in the context of anti-GBS infection remains uncertain. This research demonstrates that the significance of ferroptosis in the host's immune defense against GBS infection in a mouse model of abdominal infection, with peritoneal macrophages identified as the primary cells undergoing ferroptosis. Subsequent studies have shown that IL-1β promotes lipid oxidation in macrophages by upregulating pathways associated with lipid oxidation. Concurrently, IL-1β is not only involved in the initiation of ferroptosis in macrophages, but its production is intricately linked to the onset of ferroptosis. Ultimately, we posit that ferroptosis acts as a crucial initiating factor in the host response to GBS infection, with IL-1β playing a significant role in the resistance to infection by serving as a key inducer of ferroptosis.
Endpoints and Outcomes for Localized Scleroderma/Morphea: A Scoping Literature Review
Authors: Hernandez Alexy , Leiva Leslie Zapata , Mutka Maria , Torok Kathryn S. , Ledbetter Leila , Zigler Christina K 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Current treatment for localized scleroderma (LS) has been shown to halt disease activity, but little is still known about patient experiences with these treatments, nor is there consensus about optimal measurement strategies for future clinical trials.
Objective
Conduct a scoping review of the literature for the types of outcomes and measures (i.e. clinician-, patient-, and caregiver-reported) utilized in published treatment studies of LS.
Methods
Online databases were searched for articles related to the evaluation of treatment efficacy in LS with a special focus on pediatrics.
Results
Of the 168 studies, the most common outcomes used were cutaneous disease activity and damage measured via clinician-reported assessments. The most frequently cited measure was the Localized Scleroderma Cutaneous Assessment Tool (LoSCAT). Few patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were used.
Limitations:
Some studies only vaguely reported the measures utilized, and the review yielded a low number of clinical trials.
Conclusion
In addition to evaluating disease activity with clinician-reported measures, the field could obtain critical knowledge on the patient experience by including high-quality PROMs of symptoms and functioning. More clinical trials using a variety of outcomes and measures are necessary to determine the most suitable course of treatment for LS patients.
On fuzzy implications derived from multiplicative generator pair of overlap functions
Authors: Jia Zihang , Qiao Junsheng , Chen Minhao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Fuzzy implications are widely used in approximate reasoning. Since there is no fuzzy implication satisfying all algebraic properties, it is necessary to construct fuzzy implications for different applications. One of the main construction methods of fuzzy implications is based on the generator of aggregation functions. Meanwhile, overlap functions are a class of extensively used aggregation functions. Moreover, one of classes of multiplicative generator pairs of overlap functions has only a few weaker conditions in its definition. Therefore, for approximate reasoning, this article introduces a novel class of fuzzy implications called MO-implications based on a class of multiplicative generator pairs of overlap functions. Furthermore, we study the basic properties of MO-implications and some classical tautologies related to MO-implications. The results show that (1) MO-implications are a novel class of fuzzy implications, which are distinct from some other classes of overlap functions-related fuzzy implications; (2) MO-implications always satisfy some useful algebraic properties, such as left neutrality property and consequent boundary; (3) Some classical tautologies related to MO-implications hold in many cases, including T-conditionality law, O-conditionality law and contraction law, such that MO-implications can be used in approximate reasoning.
Averaged decrease in SpO2 during six-minute walk test as a novel prognostic marker for elderly heart failure patients
Authors: Sunayama Isamu , Min Kyung-Duk , Orihara Yoshiyuki , Ono Junichi , Matsumoto Yuki , Daimon Aika , Soyama Yuko , Manabe Eri , Oboshi Makiko , Azuma Kohei , Sugahara Masataka , Eguchi Akiyo , Naito Yoshiro , Asakura Masanori , Ishihara Masaharu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Exercise capacity is pivotal in risk stratification in heart failure (HF) and the six-minute walk test (6MWT) is often employed to evaluate it, but estimation of the absolute risk in elderly patients through six-minute walk distance (6MWD) is difficult due to comorbidities resulting in wide variability among individuals, implicating unmet-needs for comprehensive index for exercise capacity in the elderly.
Methods: During the 6MWT, 6MWD and exercise-induced changes in peripheral oxygen saturation (ΔSpO2-Ex) were measured. The associations between these parameters and cardiovascular outcomes, including HF rehospitalization and cardiovascular death within one year after discharge were assessed.
Results: Fifty-five HF patients with age > 65 yeas were investigated. The mean 6MWD was 237.5 m, and the mean ΔSpO2-Ex was 5.8 %. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a significant correlation between larger ΔSpO2-Ex and adverse cardiovascular outcomes (HR 6.66, p<0.001) compared to 6MWD (HR 2.40, p=0.031). In multivariate analysis, ΔSpO2-Ex was an independent risk factor. The combination of short-6MWD and large-ΔSpO2-Ex identified patients with markedly high incidence rate of cardiovascular events.
Conclusions: ΔSpO2-Ex could be an independent prognostic marker for HF patients, surpassing the predictive power of 6MWD, suggesting that the 6MWT can provide a novel prognostic assessment that reflects exercise capacity through ΔSpO2-Ex.
Application of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) for a Case Study and Scenario Assessment of Flood Risk in the White Volta Basin of the Upper East Region, Ghana
Authors: Kabenla Ramson , Ampofo Steve , Owusu George , Atulley Joan A. , Boateng Ampadu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In recent years, Ghana, particularly the inhabitants of the Upper East Region, has experienced profound impact of flooding, largely attributable to the complex interplay of climatic factors. This research embarks on a comprehensive assessment of flood risk zones nestled within the White Volta basin, situated in the Upper East Region. The study employs advanced cartographic methodologies and uses Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in conjunction with the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to systematically categorize areas susceptible to inundation. Leveraging geospatial datasets acquired from satellites such as Landsat and Sentinel. Topographic, slope, and Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) maps have been constructed. The empirical findings underscore the susceptibility of specific regions, including the Talensi District, territories within Bawku West, and some segments of the Bolgatanga Municipal area, to escalated flood risk. Additionally, the research underscores the high vulnerability of communities such as Nunku, Tolla, Zaare, Pwalugu, Balungu, Winkongo, Biung, and Tongo to the negative impact of inundation. Significantly, the study unveils a pivotal factor in the perpetuation of flood devastation—namely, the role of water discharge. This intrinsic linkage between discharge rates and flood occurrences underscores the pressing need to address this critical component in mitigation strategies to reduce adverse impacts on the basin's resident communities. The insights derived from the study offer some level of hope for residents, providing essential knowledge concerning flood-prone areas and optimal timing for agricultural activities to safeguard their cherished livelihoods.
Septum resection did not improve reproductive outcomes in a group of Han Chinese women with septate uterus undergoing in vitro fertilization/ intracytoplasmic sperm injection embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET)
Authors: Liu Yingmiao , Liu Junfen , Bi Xingyu , Wu Yuanxia , Ma Xiaojie , Wu Xueqing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background The septate uterus is a common anomaly affecting about 5% of infertile patients. Septum resection is recommended to improve pregnancy outcomes. However, several recent studies challenged the necessity of surgical removal of septum based on lack of benefit, increased risk to the patients, and avoidable economic burden to the health care system.Methods This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the impact of septum resection on reproductive outcomes in a group of infertile patients with septate uterus. All patients underwent in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer or intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET). Reproductive outcomes were compared between patients with septum resection and patients without septum resection.Results A total of 91 patients, with half of them received septum resection, were included in this analysis. For the 45 patients with septum resection, 25 pregnancy (56%) were achieved with 20 live births (44%), 7 were preterm delivery (35%). Similarly, out of the 46 patients without septum resection, 24 pregnancy (52%) were achieved with 19 live births (41%), 6 were preterm delivery (32%).Conclusions This study demonstrated that Han Chinese women with septate uterus did not benefit significantly from septum resection, in the context of undertaking IVF/ICSI-ET assisted pregnancy. However, although it did not reach statistical significance, a trend was noticed that primary infertile women might derive more benefit from septum resection compared to women with a history of recurrent abortion.