bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Inupiaq Eskimo Messenger Feast: Celebration, Demise, and Possibility
Authors: Fair Susan W. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe Messenger Feast was an institutionalized festival event in historic times among both Inupiaq and Yup’ik Eskimos through which rival groups, as well as allies, maintained formalized means of sharing, trading, gaming, courting, and exchanging information. Similar activities took place during summer trade fairs. Contrary to popular notions, northern Eskimos were extremely competitive and often engaged in warfare. Messenger Feasts and other such institutions afforded relief from these social and intercultural tensions. This article examines the historic purposes of and the activities staged during Messenger Feasts and demonstrates why the festivals ceased in the Inupiaq north, primarily through the intervention of missionaries and educators. Today, the festival is being revitalized in some areas.
"Rude Bard of the North": James Macpherson and the Folklore of Democracy
Authors: Bold Valentina 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
This article examines the influence of James Macpherson’s Ossianic verse on American cultural critics and writers. Remarks on the textual history of Macpherson’s work in America--in Scottish, English, and domestic editions--are followed by an exploration of Macpherson’s impact on American culture, including his period as Secretary to the Governor of British West Florida. By looking at a selection of poetic and political responses to Macpherson’s Ossian, I suggest that the image of the Celt in America is founded in Macpherson’s vision. Furthermore, I propose that Macpherson’s folklore of an idealized, democratic Scotland had an indirect influence on the emergence of an American national identity.
"Mardi Gras, Chic-a-la-Pie:" Reasserting Creole Identity Through Festive Play
Authors: Gaudet Marcia 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
Mardi Gras, in the predominantly Creole and African American 12th Street area of Lafayette, Louisiana, reflects both the cultural diversity of Creoles of color and the dynamics of asserting Creole identity in a region more widely known as Cajun Country. The festive play of this Mardi Gras incorporates Afro-Caribbean performance styles as well as French Louisiana Mardi Gras chants and rituals. Creole identity is reflected, challenged, and celebrated in the intercultural borrowings and negotiations of this carnival performance.
Auditory exostoses as an aquatic activity marker: A comparison of coastal and inland skeletal remains from tropical and subtropical regions of Brazil
Authors: Okumura Maria Mercedes M. , Boyadjian Célia H.C. , Eggers Sabine 
Published: January 2007

AbstractAuditory exostoses are bone masses located in the external auditory canal. Currently, most researchers agree that the environment (especially water temperature, but also atmospheric temperature and wind action) plays a pivotal role in the development of this trait. This article discusses whether the presence of auditory exostoses can be used as an aquatic activity marker in bioarchaeological studies, especially in groups that inhabited tropical and subtropical regions. We analyzed 676 skeletons (5,000 years BP to historical times) from 27 coastal and inland native Brazilian groups. Very low frequencies of auditory exostoses were found in the inland groups (0.00–0.03), but the expected high frequency of auditory exostoses in the coastal groups was not always observed (0.00–0.56). These differences might be explained by the combination of water and atmospheric temperatures in conjunction with wind effects. In areas with mild atmospheric temperatures and wind chill factors, the coastal populations analyzed do not show high frequencies of auditory exostoses. However, high frequencies of auditory exostoses develop where cold atmospheric temperatures are further lowered by strong wind chill. Therefore, the association between aquatic activities, low atmospheric temperature, and wind chill is strongly correlated with the presence of auditory exostoses, but where these environmental factors are mild, the frequencies of auditory exostoses are not necessarily high. Concluding, auditory exostoses should be cautiously used as a marker of aquatic activity in bioarchaeological studies in tropical and subtropical regions, since these activities do not always result in the presence of this trait. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/polypropylene microfibrillar composites. III. Structural development of poly(ethylene terephthalate) microfibers
Authors: Leung F. K. P. , Cheung W. L. , Lin X. D. , Jia D. , Chung C. Y. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractPoly(ethylene terephthalate) was extruded, solid‐state‐drawn, and annealed to simulate the structure of poly(ethylene terephthalate) microfibers in a poly(ethylene terephthalate)/polypropylene blend. Differential scanning calorimetry and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering analyses were conducted to study the structural development of the poly(ethylene terephthalate) extrudates at different processing stages. The as‐extruded extrudate had a low crystallinity (∼ 10%) and a generally random texture. After cold drawing, the extrudate exhibited a strong molecular alignment along the drawing direction, and there was a crystallinity gain of about 25% that was generally independent of the strain rates used (0.0167–1.67 s−1). 2θ scans showed that the strain‐induced crystals were less distinctive than those from melt crystallization. During drawing above the glass‐transition temperature, the structural development was more dependent on the strain rate. At low strain rates, the extrudate was in a state of flow drawing. The resultant crystallinity hardly changed, and the texture remained generally random. At high strain rates, strain‐induced crystallization occurred, and the crystallinity gain was similar to that in cold drawing. Thermally agitated short‐range diffusion of the oriented crystalline molecules was possible, and the resultant crystal structure became more comparable to that from melt crystallization. Annealing around 200°C further increased the crystallinity of the drawn extrudates but had little effect on the texture. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 137–146, 2007
Synthesis and characterization of novel soluble pyridine‐containing polyimides based on 4‐phenyl‐2,6‐bis[4‐(4‐aminophenoxy)phenyl]‐pyridine and various aromatic dianhydrides
Authors: Wang Xiaolong , Li Yanfeng , Gong Chengliang , Zhang Shujiang , Ma Tao 
Published: January 2007

AbstractA new kind of pyridine‐containing aromatic diamine monomer, 4‐phenyl‐2,6‐bis[4‐(4‐aminophenoxy)phenyl]‐pyridine (PAPP), was successfully synthesized by a modified chichibabin reaction of benzaldehyde and a substituted acetophenone, 4‐(4‐nitrophenoxy)‐acetophenone (NPAP), followed by a reduction of the resulting dinitro compound 4‐phenyl‐2,6‐bis[4‐(4‐nitrophenoxy)phenyl]‐pyridine (PNPP) with Pd/C and hydrazine monohydrate. The aromatic diamine was employed to synthesize a series of new pyridine‐containing polyimides by polycondensation with various aromatic dianhydrides in N‐methy‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP) via the conventional two‐step method, i.e., ring‐opening polycondensation forming the poly (amic acid)s and further thermal or chemical imidization forming polyimides. The inherent viscosities of the resulting polyimides were in the range of 0.79–1.13 dL/g, and most of them were soluble in common organic solvents such as N,N‐dimethylacetamide (DMAc), NMP, and tetrahydrofuran (THF), etc. Meanwhile, strong and flexible polyimide films were obtained, which had good thermal stability, with the glass transition temperatures (Tg) of 268–338°C and the temperature at 5% weight loss of 521–548°C in air atmosphere, as well as outstanding mechanical properties with tensile strengths of 89.2–112.1 MPa and elongations at break of 9.5–15.4%. The polyimides also were found to possess low dielectric constants ranging from 2.53 to 3.11. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 212–219, 2007
Biocompatibility and antibacterial activity of chitosan and hyaluronic acid immobilized polyester fibers
Authors: Jou Chi‐Hsiung , Yuan Ling , Lin Shang‐Ming , Hwang Mou‐Chuan , Chou Wen‐Li , Yu Da‐Guang , Yang Ming‐Chien 
Published: January 2007

AbstractPoly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers were treated with 60Co‐γ‐ray and grafted with acrylic acid. The resulting fibers were further grafted with chitosan (CS) via esterification. Afterward, hyaluronic acid (HA) was immobilized onto CS‐grafting fibers. The antibacterial activity of CS against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa was preserved after HA‐immobilization. After immobilizing HA, the L929 fibroblasts cell proliferation was improved forCS‐grafting PET fiber. The results indicate that by grafting with CS and immobilizing with HA, PET fibers not only exhibit antibacterial activity, but also improve the cell proliferation for fibroblast. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 220–225, 2007
Microstructured conducting polymer coatings on plastic strip for contact electrodes: Formulation and tuning of sheet resistance
Authors: Daniel Abraham , Fotheringham Alex 
Published: January 2007

AbstractMechanically strong and flexible strips of cellulose acetate were used to support a thin coating of poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene) : poly(styrene sulfonic acid) PEDOT : PSS, an intrinsically conducting polymer (ICP), formulated with an aqueous dispersion of judiciously chosen copolymer of vinyl acetate and ethylene (VAE), to impart adhesion of the coating onto the substrate. Incorporation of a few drops of an organic acid to the formulation resulted in a substantial reduction of the sheet resistance of the coated surface. When the coated strips were post‐treated with a salt solution, a further fine tuning of the sheet resistance by a factor of 10 was achieved. The coated strips combine high conductivity with flexibility and mechanical strength. The performance of the coated strips has been evaluated in relationship to composition, coating thickness, and sheet resistance for application as contact electrodes. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 234–237, 2007
Synthesis and mesomorphic properties of side‐chain liquid crystalline ionomers containing sulfonic acid groups
Authors: Zhang Bao‐Yan , Sun Qiu‐Ju , Tian Mei , Ren Shi‐Chao 
Published: January 2007

AbstractSide‐chain liquid crystalline ionomers containing M1 (4‐allyoxybenzoyloxy‐4′‐amylbenzoyloxy biphenyl) as mesogenic units and M2 (4‐undecylenicoxy‐4′‐phenylazobenzene sulfonic acid) as ionic units were synthesized by graft copolymerization. Their liquid crystalline properties were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing optical microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction measurements. The results showed that introduction of nonmesogenic ionic units into polymeric structure could cause additional reduction of the clearing point of the ionomers, compared with the corresponding nonion polymers. When the content of ionic units increased to 8.5%, the ionic clusters and mesogens in the ionomers may be dispersed each other to form multiple blocks, but the introduction of ionic groups in LCIs did not change their mesogenic type. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 304–309, 2007
Effect of clay on properties of polyimide‐clay nanocomposites
Authors: Wang Hong‐Wen , Dong Rui‐Xuan , Liu Ching‐Lin , Chang Hsin‐Yu 
Published: January 2007

AbstractEffect of clay on mechanical, thermal, moisture absorption, and dielectric properties of polyimide‐clay nanocomposites was investigated. Nanocomposites of polyimide (ODA‐BSAA) hybridized with two modified clay (PK‐802 and PK‐805) were synthesized for comparison. The silicate layers in the polymer matrix were intercalated/exfoliated as confirmed by wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Thermal stability, moisture absorption, and storage modulus for these nanocomposites are improved as hybridized clay increases. Reduced dielectric constants due to the hybridization of layered silicates are observed at frequencies of 1 kHz–1 MHz and temperatures of 35–150°C. The tetrahedrally substituted smectite (PK‐805) resulted in higher mechanical strength and dielectric constants than those of octahedrally substituted smectite (PK‐802), which could be attributed to their stronger ionic bonding between clay layer and polymer matrix. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 318–324, 2007
Genome‐scale analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism and ethanol production in fed‐batch culture
Authors: Hjersted Jared L. , Henson Michael A. , Mahadevan Radhakrishnan 
Published: January 2007

AbstractA dynamic flux balance model based on a genome‐scale metabolic network reconstruction is developed for in silico analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism and ethanol production in fed‐batch culture. Metabolic engineering strategies previously identified for their enhanced steady‐state biomass and/or ethanol yields are evaluated for fed‐batch performance in glucose and glucose/xylose media. Dynamic analysis is shown to provide a single quantitative measure of fed‐batch ethanol productivity that explicitly handles the possible tradeoff between the biomass and ethanol yields. Productivity optimization conducted to rank achievable fed‐batch performance demonstrates that the genetic manipulation strategy and the fed‐batch operating policy should be considered simultaneously. A library of candidate gene insertions is assembled and directly screened for their achievable ethanol productivity in fed‐batch culture. A number of novel gene insertions with ethanol productivities identical to the best metabolic engineering strategies reported in previous studies are identified, thereby providing additional targets for experimental evaluation. The top performing gene insertions were substrate dependent, with the highest ranked insertions for glucose media yielding suboptimal performance in glucose/xylose media. The analysis results suggest that enhancements in biomass yield are most beneficial for the enhancement of fed‐batch ethanol productivity by recombinant xylose utilizing yeast strains. We conclude that steady‐state flux balance analysis is not sufficient to predict fed‐batch performance and that the media, genetic manipulations, and fed‐batch operating policy should be considered simultaneously to achieve optimal metabolite productivity. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007; 97: 1190–1204. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Recurrences and second primary breast cancers in older women with initial early‐stage disease
Authors: Geiger Ann M. , Thwin Soe Soe , Lash Timothy L. , Buist Diana S. M. , Prout Marianne N. , Wei Feifei , Field Terry S. , Ulcickas Yood Marianne , Frost Floyd J. , Enger Shelley M. , Silliman Rebecca A. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The association between common breast cancer therapies and recurrences and second primary breast cancers in older women is unclear, although older women are less likely to receive common therapies.METHODS.Women aged ≥65 years who were diagnosed with stage I or II breast cancer and who underwent mastectomy or breast‐conserving surgery (BCS) from 1990 to 1994 were identified from automated data from 6 healthcare systems and then were followed for 10 years or until breast cancer recurrence, disenrollment, or death. Trained abstractors reviewed medical records to obtain recurrence, tumor, treatment and demographic data. The authors used proportional hazards models to examine predictors of recurrent and second primary breast cancers adjusted for demographic and tumor factors.RESULTS.Of 1837 eligible women, 34% were ages 65 to 69 years, 46% were ages 70 to 79 years, and 20% were aged ≥80 years. In multivariable models that used mastectomy as the reference group, BCS without radiation therapy was associated with an increased risk of any recurrent and second primary breast cancer (hazard ratio [HR], 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–2.3), particularly with the subgroup of women with local and regional recurrence (HR, 3.5; 95% CI, 2.0–6.0). Tamoxifen use for <1 year versus ≥5 years exhibited a borderline association with any recurrent or second primary breast cancer (HR, 1.9; 95% CI, 0.9–4.2).CONCLUSIONS.Radiation therapy after BCS and 5 years of tamoxifen use were beneficial in reducing recurrences and second primary breast cancers in older women, regardless of their age or comorbidity burden. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Amplification and translocation of 3q26 with overexpression of EVI1 in Fanconi anemia‐derived childhood acute myeloid leukemia with biallelic FANCD1/BRCA2 disruption
Authors: Meyer Stefan , Fergusson William D. , Whetton Anthony D. , Moreira‐Leite Flavia , Pepper Stuart D. , Miller Crispin , Saunders Emma K. , White Daniel J. , Will Andrew M. , Eden Tim , Ikeda Hideyuki , Ullmann Reinhard , Tuerkmen Seval , Gerlach Antje , Klopocki Eva , Tönnies Holger 
Published: January 2007

AbstractFanconi anemia (FA) is an inherited disease with congenital abnormalities and an extreme risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Genetic events occurring during malignant transformation in FA and the biology of FA‐associated AML are poorly understood, but are often preceded by the development of chromosomal aberrations involving 3q26‐29 in bone marrow of FA patients. We report here the molecular cytogenetic characterization of FA‐derived AML cell lines SB1685CB and SB1690CB by conventional and array comparative genomic hybridization, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and SKY. We identified gains of a 3.7 MB chromosomal region on 3q26.2‐26.31, which preceded transformation to overt leukemia. This region harbors the oncogenic transcription factor EVI1. A third FA‐derived cell line, FA‐AML1, carried a translocation with ectopic localization of 3q26 including EVI1. Rearrangements of 3q, which are rare in childhood AML, commonly result in overexpression of EVI1, which determines specific gene expression patterns and confers poor prognosis. We detected overexpression of EVI1 in all three FA‐derived AML. Our results suggest a link between the FA defect, chromosomal aberrations involving 3q and overexpression of EVI1. We hypothesize that constitutional or acquired FA defects might be a common factor for the development of 3q abnormalities in AML. In addition, cryptic imbalances as detected here might account for overexpression of EVI1 in AML without overt 3q26 rearrangements. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of ERBB2 amplicon size and genomic alterations of chromosomes 1, 3, and 10 on patient response to trastuzumab in metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Morrison Larry E. , Jewell Susan S. , Usha Lydia , Blondin Beth A. , Rao Ruta D. , Tabesh Bita , Kemper Matthew , Batus Marta , Coon John S. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractTrastuzumab is widely used for advanced breast cancer patients with ERBB2‐amplified tumors. Nevertheless, over half of these patients do not have an objective response. One reason may be altered expression of genes that might compensate for ERBB2 inhibition. We previously mapped the gene‐rich region of chromosome 17 telomeric to ERBB2, and reported considerable variability in the telomeric extent of the ERBB2 amplicon. Here we examined whether the variable amplicon size may be associated with patient response to trastuzumab. In addition, we looked at associations between response and several signaling pathway‐related genes unrelated to the ERBB2 amplicon, including AKT3, PTEN, PIK3CA, and PTGS2. In 35 patients with ERBB2‐amplified metastatic breast cancer, with 40% overall response to trastuzumab, fluorescence in situ hybridization identified the telomeric extent of the ERBB2 amplicon and the status of the several pathway‐related genes. Objective response strongly correlated with the telomeric amplicon size, with 62% of patients with shorter amplicons responding, compared with only 7% of patients with longer amplicons (P = 0.0015). Abnormal copy number of PTGS2 was marginally associated with objective response (P = 0.066), while abnormal copy numbers of two reference loci, 1q25 and the chromosome 10 centromere, were significantly associated with response. Pairwise combinations of copy number status of these loci and ERBB2 amplicon size provided stronger associations and identified a group of patients without responders. These results suggest that patient selection for trastuzumab may be improved by considering ERBB2 amplicon size and genomic status of the 1q25, PTGS2, and centromere 10 loci. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comprehensive analysis of tumoral DNA content reveals clonal ploidy heterogeneity as a marker with prognostic significance in locoregional neuroblastoma
Authors: Mora Jaume , Lavarino Cinzia , Alaminos Miguel , Cheung Nai‐Kong V. , Ríos José , Torres Carmen de , Illei Peter , Juan Gloria , Gerald William L. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe clinical management of locoregional neuroblastoma (LR NB) is controversial. In a previous study we showed that diploidy was a strong prognostic predictor of outcome and detected the existence of clonal ploidy heterogeneity in a select group of cases. The aims of this study were (1) to assess the frequency of ploidy heterogeneity in LR NB, (2) to ascertain the best method to detect heteterogeneity, and (3) to correlate ploidy populations with clinical outcome. We undertook a comprehensive analysis of tumoral DNA content in 38 LR NBs comparing (1) flow cytometry (FCM), (2) karyotyping, (3) interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization, and (4) laser‐scanning cytometry (LSC). Tumor ploidy heterogeneity was found by all methodologies. By FCM, all tumors with aneuploid peaks had detectable diploid DNA peaks. By LSC, all tumors with diploid and hyperploid peaks were GD2‐positive in both, consistent with their tumoral origin. A predominant near‐triploid clonal population (ratio diploid vs. triploid, <2.5) was observed in most nonprogressing LR NB tumors, and a predominant diploid clone (ratio di‐ vs. triploid, >2.5) in most progressing LR NB cases. Multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic value of tumor ploidy assayed by different methods versus age, INSS (International Neuroblastoma Staging System) stage, and MYCN status. FCM was the most powerful prognostic factor related to poor prognosis (overall survival, P = 0.02; progression‐free survival, P = 0.01). These results provide strong evidence for clonal ploidy heterogeneity in LR NB and clonal evolution toward diploidy in progressing LR NB. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Patient preferences for managing asthma: results from a discrete choice experiment
Authors: King Madeleine T. , Hall Jane , Lancsar Emily , Fiebig Denzil , Hossain Ishrat , Louviere Jordan , Reddel Helen K. , Jenkins Christine R. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractEffective control of asthma requires regular preventive medication. Poor medication adherence suggests that patient preferences for medications may differ from the concerns of the prescribing clinicians. This study investigated patient preferences for preventive medications across symptom control, daily activities, medication side‐effects, convenience and costs, using a discrete choice experiment embedded in a randomized clinical trial involving patients with mild–moderate persistent asthma. The present data were collected after patients had received 6 weeks' treatment with one of two drugs. Three choice options were presented, to continue with the current drug, to change to an alternative, hypothetical drug, or to take no preventive medication. Analysis used random parameter multinomial logit. Most respondents chose to continue with their current drug in most choice situations but this tendency differed depending on which medication they had been allocated. Respondents valued their ability to participate in usual daily activities and sport, preferred minimal symptoms, and were less likely to choose drugs with side‐effects. Cost was also significant, but other convenience attributes were not. Demographic characteristics did not improve the model fit. This study illustrates how discrete choice experiments may be embedded in a clinical trial to provide insights into patient preferences. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.