bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethical and legal aspects of cybersecurity in health
Authors: Galvão Ana , Vaz Clara , Pinheiro Marco , Pais Clarisse 
Published: April 2024

Background: With the emergence of eHealth and mHealth, the use of mental health apps has increased significantly as an accessible and convenient approach as an adjunct to promoting well-being and mental health. There are several apps available that can assist with mental health monitoring and management, each with specific features to meet different needs. The intersection of mental health and cyber technology presents a number of critical legal and ethical issues. As mental health monitoring apps and devices become more integrated into clinical practice, cybersecurity takes on paramount importance. Objective: To address the ethical and legal aspects of health cybersecurity related to applications in mental health monitoring and management. Methods: We carried out a thematic synthesis of the best scientific evidence. Results: These tools have the potential to significantly improve access to and quality of care for users with mental health conditions, but they also raise substantial concerns about privacy and informed consent. Cybersecurity in mental health is not only a matter of technology, but also of human rights. The protection of sensitive mental health information is critical, and legal and ethical measures to safeguard this information must be implemented in a robust and transparent manner. Conclusion: the use of information technologies and mobile devices is now part of the clinical reality and its future perspectives. It is important to mention that while these apps can be helpful for self-care and mental well-being management, they are not a substitute for the advice and support of a qualified mental health professional (psychologist or psychiatrist). As we move into the digital age, it is imperative that mental health monitoring and management apps are developed and used responsibly, ensuring the safety, dignity, and well-being of users.
MOSFET on the Horizon: What’s New and What’s Next
Authors: Dixit Ankita 
Published: April 2024

This chapter mainly enlighten about the development and trends of the field effect transistors (FETs) in the nanoelectronics industries. According to Moore’s law, the number of transistors doubles in every 2 years because of transistor’s size is scaled down. Though the scaling of MOSFET has been the driving force towards the technological advancement, but due to continuous scaling various secondary effect which include; short channel effects, high leakage current, excessive process variation and reliability issue degrades the device performance. In today’s era, researchers are developing nano scaled transistors using various types of materials with different device geometries to reduce the limitations of conventional MOSFET. This chapter focuses on the development history, current-status and future trends of transistors. At the same time, the various protentional applications of nano-transistor discussed in this chapter.
Internalisasi Sistem Informasi Akuntansi (SIA) Pada Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Pemerintah Daerah (SIPD) Untuk Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Masyarakat
Authors: Masruroh Nikmatul , Hidayanti Nur , Jannah Fauzia Rizka , Romadhoni Nur Ismi 
Published: April 2024

Pengabdian ini berfokus pada pengabdian kolaborasi antara UIN Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember dengan BPKAD Jember yang berfokus pada peningkatan kepercayaan Masyarakat pada pemerintah kabupaten Jember. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk menginternalisasikan SIA pada SIPD untuk lebih memberikan informasi tentang transparansi, akuntabilitas, pelayanan publik, efisiensi administrasi, pemantauan pembangunan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan yaitu pengabdian kolaboratif kelembagaan dengan objek SKPD dan OPD. Dalam hal ini pengabdian ini menghasilkan model SIA dalam Aplikasi SIPD yang bertujuan meningkatkan kepercayaan Masyarakat dan disosialisasikan kepada SKPD dan OPD di Kabupaten Jember
Teachers’ Perceptions on the Relationship between Social Competence and Reading Skills Acquisition in Primary School Pupils
Authors: Messo Innocent N. , Shukia Richard 
Published: April 2024

This paper set out to examine teachers’ perceptions of the link between social competence skills and reading skills acquisition in the Kiswahili language for standard four pupils in public primary schools. This was a qualitative study, made on the population of the Kiswahili language subject teachers. The study was conducted in Babati Township Council, Manyara Region, Tanzania. It involved 17 selected public primary schools where one subject and school head teachers from each school were involved. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview guide. The results show that the most important social competence skills for the acquisition of reading skills are communication skills, as other skills depend on the pupil’s ability to communicate his/her ideas well. The study posits that social competence skills have a positive impact on pupils’ acquisition of reading skills. The study recommends an additional curriculum that imparts pupils with social competence skills for reading and academic achievements at large.
Impact of COVID-19 on Inclusive Education in Higher Learning Institutions in Rwanda
Authors: Twesige Daniel , Gasheja Faustin , Misago Kadhafi Isaie , Muvunyi Eugene 
Published: April 2024

This study analysed the impact of COVID – 19 pandemics on the inclusive learning process of students in the higher learning institutions in Rwanda. A quantitative research design was adopted. Primary data was collected from 1170 students in 30 learning institutions in Rwanda using a closed ended questionnaire. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical analytical tools. The results indicated covid -19 has impacted the inclusive learning process of students in the higher learning institutions in different ways. Students in rural areas were more affected due to limited access to internet connections, lack of internet data and limited access to electricity all of which were caused by limited infrastructure in the online learning. Students from poor families regardless of their locations suffered more due to limited access to electricity and internet connections in their homes. The study contributed to the existing knowledge in two ways, Firstly, it established the impact of covid–19 pandemic on the inclusive learning process in higher learning institutions. Secondly, it established the learning inequality based on location and social economic status.
المفسرون بين المفاهيم القرآنية وإشكالية المصاديق الخارجية
Authors: آل حيدر ا.م.د. آمال خلف علي 
Published: April 2024

ملخص البحث :
تمثل بعض النصوص القرآنية المباركة حقيقة وبيان انطباق المفاهيم القرآنية على المصاديق التي سيقت لأجلها حصراً ، ولا تقبل غيرها تارة ، وتارة أخرى تعطي مصاديق متعددة للمفهوم القرآني الواحد تبعاً لما يكتنف النص القرآني من دلالات متعددة فضلاً عن عدم انحسار المصداق بأفراد وأزمنة وأماكن محددة ، مما أدى إلى ظهور الاختلاف بين المفسرين في فهم النص القرآني بناءً على انطباق المفهوم على المصداق أو عدمه ، فنزول الآية في جماعة أو فرد لا يوجب اختصاصها بذلك المورد ما دام اللفظ (عاماً) ، أما إذا كان اللفظ (خاصأً) من خلال ظهوره القرآني ، أو تخصيصه بالروايات الصحيحة الواردة في بيان أسباب النزول ، فإنه يتعين بمصداق واحد ينطبق على أفراد مخصوصين ولا ينطبق على غيرهم .
إنماز ( المفهوم ) بثباته دائماً ، إذ عده المفسرون توقيفياً لا يقبل التغيير ولا التبديل ، أما ( المصداق) فإنه متغير تبعاً لعدد من القرائن منها ، مكية الآية ومدنيتها ، وأسباب النزول وشأن النزول ، والناسخ والمنسوخ ، وقد أشار البحث إلى نظرية وحدة المفهوم وتعدد المصداق التي اعتمدها بعض المفكرين في توجيه المعنى واستنباط الأحكام ، عن طريق عرض نماذج تطبيقية تُبين كلا الحالتين - انطباق المفهوم على مصداق خارجي واحد ، وتعدد المصاديق الخارجية للمفهوم الواحد - ؛ لذا يسعى البحث للكشف عن آراء المفسرين في حقيقة المفهوم والمصداق وبيان مدى انطباقه أو عدمه على المصداق الخارجي في محاولة لبيان مسارات الحقائق القرآنية المنضوية تحت المفاهيم العامة في النص القرآني
Online vs in-person delivery of preclinical coursework: A retrospective cohort study evaluating National Board of Chiropractic Examiners performance
Authors: Anderson Brian R. , Derby Dustin C. , Percuoco Robert E. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective
To evaluate the association between basic science curriculum delivery method with other academic and demographic factors on National Board of Chiropractic Examiners (NBCE) part I pass rates.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of students from 3 campuses of 1 chiropractic institution who matriculated in 2018 or 2020. COVID-19 regulations required online delivery of a basic science curriculum for students in the 2020 cohorts, whereas students in the 2018 cohorts experienced a traditional classroom delivery. A general linear model estimated odds ratios for passing NBCE part I, comparing individual online cohorts with the combined classroom cohort while adjusting for academic and demographic variables.

Results
A total of 968 students were included, 55% from the classroom cohort. The spring 2020 cohort had the fewest students with bachelors’ degrees (59%) and more students with high in-program grade point averages (GPA; 61%) along with the lowest estimated odds ratio [0.80 (95% CI: 0.73–0.87)] for passing vs the classroom cohort. The fall 2020 cohort had significantly higher odds [1.06 (95% CI: 1.00–1.03)] of passing vs the classroom cohort. Additional predictors included main campus matriculation, white ethnicity, bachelors’ degree, no alternative admission status, and in-program GPA. Students with high in-program GPA (vs low) had a 36% increased odds of passing.

Conclusion
Compared to the classroom cohort, the spring 2020 cohort had the lowest odds while the fall 2020 cohort had the highest odds of passing part I. In-program GPA had the highest association with passing. These results provide information on how curriculum delivery impacts board exam performance.
Mirizzi Syndrome Secondary to Impacted Stone in A Low Inserted Cystic Duct Variant: Case Report
Authors: Aloraini Abdullah , Alkadi Danah , Alqarni Reem , Al Musma Ghaida , Alshammari Sulaiman , AlShahwan Nawaf , Aldohayan Najla , Alshankiti Suliman 
Published: April 2024

Introduction
Cystic duct anatomic variations are encountered frequently during surgical procedures. In this report, a female patient underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis and developed symptoms of obstructive jaundice subsequently, which was diagnosed as low insertion of the cystic duct and an impacted stone that was causing common hepatic duct obstruction.

Case report
A 42-year-old woman presented to the emergency room complaining of persistent right upper quadrant pain that was radiating to the back. White blood cell count was slightly elevated with normal liver function tests. An abdominal ultrasound was performed and confirmed cholelithiasis with no signs of acute cholecystitis or biliary dilatation. The patient underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy as an emergency procedure for persistent biliary colic. Eight days later, the patient returned to the emergency room with obstructive jaundice and continued right upper quadrant pain with elevated white blood cell count and liver function tests. Further tests were conducted, and the patient was found to have a long cystic duct with a low insertion variant to the common hepatic duct. An impacted stone was identified in the cystic duct, referred to as Mirizzi syndrome type I. The patient underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) several times, but the common bile duct could not be cannulated. In the last ERCP session, SpyGlass and electrohydraulic lithotripsy were performed with a balloon sweep.

Conclusion
This case demonstrates the importance of understanding Mirizzi syndrome and cystic duct variation to achieve optimal treatment, and careful assessment and investigation are essential for proper diagnosis. In experienced hands, Mirizzi syndrome secondary to an impacted cystic duct stone can be managed successfully with ERCP, electrohydraulic lithotripsy, and SpyGlass.
Impact of Clinically Relevant Posthepatectomy Liver Failure Predicted by Preoperative Evaluation of Functional Remnant Hepatic Reserve
Authors: Sakaguchi Mitsuhiro , Kuriyama Naohisa , Noguchi Daisuke , Ito Takahiro , Hayasaki Aoi , Gyoten Kazuyuki , Fujii Takehiro , Iizawa Yusuke , Murata Yasuhiro , Tanemura Akihiro , Kishiwada Masashi , Isaji Shuji , Mizuno Shugo 
Published: April 2024

Background
Few studies have investigated the remnant hepatic functional reserve before hepatectomy by calculating the functional remnant liver rate (RLR) using three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT)/technetium-99m-diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid galactosyl human serum albumin (99mTc-GSA) single-photon emission CT (SPECT) fusion imaging. We aimed to preoperatively evaluate the predictive value of functional remnant liver rate (RLR) and indocyanine green (ICG) disappearance rate (KICG) in determining the occurrence of posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF).

Summary of Background Data
The conventional method of volumetric rem-KICG calculated from remnant liver volume and the KICG is difficult to accurately reflect heterogenous remnant liver function.

Methods
In total, 106 patients who underwent major hepatectomy were retrospectively analysed. Of these, 24 (22.6%) developed clinically relevant PHLF grades B/C. We examined the ICG retention rate at 15 min (ICGR15) and KICG and constructed a 3D-CT/99mTc-GSA SPECT fusion image to calculate the volumetric RLR, functional RLR, volumetric rem-KICG, and functional rem-KICG.

Results
The multivariate analysis showed functional rem-KICG as the strongest independent risk factor for PHLF grade B/C. The functional-to-volumetric RLR ratios in the patients with portal vein obstruction and/or tumor volume of ≥500 mL was significantly higher. The volumetric rem-KICG determined that hepatectomy was unsafe in 7 patients, whereas the functional rem-KICG determined that it was unsafe in 3 patients.

Conclusions
Functional rem-KICG was more reliable than volumetric rem-KICG in predicting clinically relevant PHLF grade B/C, as the resected side’s hepatic status highly influenced the function of the remnant liver. This finding could lead to a wider application of this technique.
Risk Factors for Postoperative Pneumonia in Esophageal Cancer Patients
Authors: Yasuda Hiromi , Ichikawa Takashi , Uratani Ryo , Morimoto Yuhki , Yoshiyama Shigeyuki , Ohi Masaki , Yamashita Shinji , Imaoka Hiroki , Kitajima Takahito , Shimura Tadanobu , Kawamura Mikio , Okita Yoshiki , Okugawa Yoshinaga , Toiyama Yuji 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Patients undergoing surgery for esophageal cancer (EC) frequently experience postoperative pneumonia (POP). POP promotes poor prognosis as well as increased medical costs and longer hospital stays. Therefore, it is desirable to prevent and strictly control high-risk cases to reduce the incidence of pneumonia. The present study aimed to determine the risk factors for POP in EC.

Patients and Methods
The subjects of this retrospective study were 151 patients with EC who underwent subtotal esophagectomy in our department between January 2012 and December 2021. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between the incidence of POP and clinical factors.

Results
Among 151 patients, 33 cases (21.8%) developed POP. Multivariate analysis identified preoperative C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) ≥0.03 [odds ratio (OR), 2.69; P = 0.0352], chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) (OR, 7.32; P = 0.0001), and diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR, 3.35; P = 0.0252) as independent risk factors for POP. In accordance with the number of risk factors, the incidence rate of POP drastically increased, and its rate in patients with 3 risk factors was 80%.

Conclusion
High CAR, COPD, and DM are independent risk factors for the development of POP in patients undergoing subtotal esophagectomy for EC. Clinicians should be aware of the risk factors for POP and consider more intensive preventive measures and postoperative management in patients with EC.
SISTEM KONTROL KUALITAS AIR BERBASIS FUZZY LOGIC PADA KOLAM PENDEDERAN IKAN BANDENG
Authors: Hikmah Miftachul Ali , Misbah Misbah 
Published: April 2024

Pendederan yaitu sebuah proses pemeliharaan ikan untuk mencapai ukuran tertentu sesudah benih ikan bandeng tersebut ditebar dalam tambak. Pada pendederan ini merupakan masa yang krusial karena pada masa ini para petambak harus pandai dalam pengolahan kualitas air untuk mengurangi kematian benih ikan bandeng. Faktor yang harus diperhatikan untuk menjaga kestabilan kualitas air yaitu PH air dan juga kekeruhan. Sehingga pada penelitian ini dibuat sistem kontrol kualitas air berbasis fuzzy logic pada kolam pendederan ikan bandeng yang bertujuan untuk membantu petambak dalam mengontrol kualitas air yang baik untuk masa pendederan. Sistem kontrol ini menggunakan sensor PH air dan turbidity sensor untuk melakukan pembacaan kualitas air kemudian diproses dalam ESP32 menggunakan metode fuzzy mamdani. Hasil dari pembacaan sensor tersebut akan ditampilkan di layar LCD dan dicatat di Google Spreadsheet. ESP32 akan memberi perintah kepada pompa untuk melarutkan larutan yang sudah disetting untuk menetralkan PH air (5-9) apabila air tersebut dalam kondisi asam/basa. Pompa juga akan menyala untuk mengatur kekeruhan air yang normal, dan akan mati jika air sudah dalam kondisi kekeruhan yang baik yaitu 15-30 NTU. Dari hasil pengujian tersebut, sensor ph dan kekeruhan dapat mendeteksi kualitas air dengan baik, serta pompa juga dapat bekerja sesuai rules fuzzy mamdani.
Comparative transcriptome analysis between original and evolved recombinant lactose‐consuming Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains
Authors: Guimarães Pedro M. R. , Le Berre Véronique , Sokol Serguei , François Jean , Teixeira José A. , Domingues Lucília 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains for lactose utilization has been attempted with the intent of developing high productivity processes for alcoholic fermentation of cheese whey. A recombinant S. cerevisiae flocculent strain that efficiently ferments lactose to ethanol was previously obtained by evolutionary engineering of an original recombinant that displayed poor lactose fermentation performance. We compared the transcriptomes of the original and the evolved recombinant strains growing in lactose, using cDNA microarrays. Microarray data revealed 173 genes whose expression levels differed more than 1.5‐fold. About half of these genes were related to RNA‐mediated transposition. We also found genes involved in DNA repair and recombination mechanisms, response to stress, chromatin remodeling, cell cycle control, mitosis regulation, glycolysis and alcoholic fermentation. These transcriptomic data are in agreement with some of the previously identified physiological and molecular differences between the recombinants, and point to further hypotheses to explain those differences.
Changing the recognition site of a conjugative relaxase by rational design
Authors: González‐Pérez Blanca , Carballeira José Daniel , Moncalián Gabriel , de la Cruz Fernando 
Published: November 2008

AbstractTrwC is a relaxase protein, which starts and finishes DNA processing during bacterial conjugation in plasmid R388. TrwC recognizes a specific sequence of DNA (25 nucleotides) in the donor cell: the nic‐site. As a model example, a single transversion C24G in nic avoids DNA processing by TrwC. Using this simple model, our objective was to obtain a proof of principle that TrwC specificity can be changed. Several structures of DNA–TrwC complexes were used as reference to design a focused saturation mutagenesis library (NNK) randomizing amino acid Lys262, since its side chain seems to sterically hinder the recognition of the C24G nic mutation by wild‐type TrwC. Using bacterial conjugation as an in vivo selection system, several TrwC variants were found that show changes in substrate specificity. These variants were also tested in a competitive assay to evaluate their conjugation efficiency.
Schizophrenia and impulsive aggression: A heuristic inquiry with forensic and clinical implications
Authors: Felthous Alan R. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractAssessment of a violent act committed by an offender with schizophrenia typically focuses on whether the act was due to distortions in thought or perception, i.e., delusions or hallucination. An important but less appreciated feature is the impulsivity of the act, which can have forensic and therapeutic implications. Here a modification of Barratt's classification of aggressive behavior is presented that includes premeditated (instrumental), medical (secondary), impulsive (expressive), and compulsive (instrumental and expressive) aggression. Violence due to a mental condition such as schizophrenia is considered medical, but even aggression motivated by delusions or hallucinations can also be characterized as impulsive, premeditated, or compulsive.Although research on aggression and schizophrenia is limited with regard to the impulsivity–premeditation dimension and difficult to compare, current evidence suggests this to be an important consideration in the assessment of aggression in individuals with schizophrenia, important both forensically and therapeutically. Future research on the impulsive–premeditated quality of aggressive acts by offenders with schizophrenia—research wherein aggressive behavior is defined, situational context is clarified, and diagnostic criteria are explicitly followed—should further refine our understanding of the nature of aggressive acts associated with schizophrenia. Findings from such research will undoubtedly inform assessment, treatment, and forensic relevance of schizophrenia‐related physical aggression. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diverse and Yet Unified: A Comparative Study of the Supramolecular Assemblies of Three Diastereomeric Perhydro‐2,3,4a,6,7,8a‐naphthalenehexols
Authors: Mehta Goverdhan , Sen Saikat 
Published: November 2008

AbstractSelf‐assemblies of three crystalline perhydro‐2,3,4a,6,7,8a‐naphthalenehexols 3–5, all constructed on a trans‐decalin framework, were compared with each other and to that of their diastereomeric all axial hydroxy sibling 2, which was previously reported. The presence of the peripheral equatorial OH groups in 3–5 severs, to varying extents, the end‐to‐end intramolecular O–H···O hydrogen‐bonding chain linking the 1,3‐diaxial hydroxy groups on both faces of hexol 2. Hence, the crystal packing in 3–5 deviates from the simple qualitative model proposed and observed in 2. Though complex and seemingly individualistic upon a cursory glance, the supramolecular assemblies of all three hexols underscore two primary concepts of O–H···O hydrogen bonding, namely, maximization of the total number of hydrogen bonds per molecule and maximization of O–H···O hydrogen‐bond cooperativity by forming as many finite and infinite chains of hydrogen bonds as possible.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)