bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender diversity among adolescents with obesity in a weight management programme
Authors: Zytner Zachary J. E. , Stanley Joshua R. , Grewal Preeti , Dettmer Elizabeth , Toulany Alene , Palmert Mark R. , Sorbara Julia C. 
Published: April 2024

SummaryGender dysphoria (GD) and obesity share commonalities, including associations with mental health comorbidities, disordered eating, body dissatisfaction and may intensify with physical and developmental changes during adolescence. While associations of obesity and gender diversity have been identified, rates of gender diversity among adolescents with obesity remain unclear. The aim was to examine gender diversity among adolescents with obesity in a weight management programme. A single‐centre cross‐sectional questionnaire study was conducted. Eligible adolescents received the Gender Identity/GD Questionnaire for Adolescents and Adults (GIDYQ‐AA), a validated instrument measuring gender diversity and GD. Gender identities, sexual orientations, questionnaire scores, and frequency of GD (GIDYQ‐AA score <3) were determined. The relationship of GIDYQ‐AA scores and BMI Z‐score (BMIz) was assessed. Of 72 consenting youth, 29 assigned females (AF) and 17 assigned males (AM) completed GIDYQ‐AA and demographic questions. Seventeen (59%) AF reported non‐heterosexual orientations, and 6 (21%) reported non‐cisgender identities. One (6%) AM reported non‐cisgender identity. Two (4%) AF individuals had GD based on GIDYQ‐AA scores. GIDYQ‐AA scores did not correlate with BMIz. In conclusion, adolescents with obesity, particularly AF with non‐heterosexual orientation, reported high rates of non‐cisgender identity and GD. Routine screening for gender‐related concerns in weight management settings may be warranted.
Community engagement and power dynamics in conservation philanthropy grant making
Authors: Betsill Michele M. , Gruby Rebecca L. , Blackwatters Jeffrey , Enrici Ash , Le Cornu Elodie , Basurto Xavier , English Chad , Hudson Charlotte , Meth Leah , Fairweather‐Morrison Imani , Okano Dana , Secord David 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFunding decisions influence where, how, and by whom conservation is pursued globally. In the context of growing calls for more participatory, Indigenous‐led, and socially just conservation, we undertook the first empirical investigation of how philanthropic foundations working in marine conservation globally engage communities in grant‐making decisions. We paid particular attention to whether and how community engagement practices reinforce or disrupt existing power dynamics. We conducted semistructured remote interviews with 46 individuals from 32 marine conservation foundations to identify how conservation foundations engage communities in setting their priorities and deciding which organizations and projects to fund. We found that community engagement in foundation decision‐making was limited in practice. Eleven of the 32 foundations reported some form of community engagement in funding decisions. Two of these foundations empowered communities to shape funding priorities and projects through strong forms of engagement. Many engagement practices were one way, one time, or indirect and confined to certain points in decision‐making processes. These weaker practices limited community input and reinforced unequal power relations, which may undermine the legitimacy, equity, and effectiveness of conservation efforts. We suggest that foundations aim for stronger forms of community engagement and reflect on how their grant‐making practices affect power relations between foundations and communities.
Tap dancing frogs: Posterior toe tapping and feeding in Dendrobates tinctorius
Authors: Parrish Thomas Q. , Fischer Eva K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAnimals have myriad adaptations to help them hunt and feed in the most efficient and effective manner. One mysterious behavior related to hunting and feeding is the posterior toe tapping behavior of some frogs. Biologists and hobbyists alike have long noticed this behavior, but there is little empirical data to explain its causes and consequences. To test the hypothesis that tapping is related to feeding and modulated by environmental context, we conducted a series of related experiments in the Dyeing poison frog, Dendrobates tinctorius. We first confirmed that tap rate was higher during feeding as has been observed in other species. Interestingly, this effect was heightened in the presence of a conspecific. We next asked whether frogs tapped less under conditions when prey were visible, but inaccessible. Finally, we asked whether D. tinctorius adjusted tap rate based on substrate characteristics and whether prey capture success was higher when tapping. In addition to confirming an association between tapping and feeding, our work demonstrates modulation of toe tapping based on social context, prey accessibility, and substrate characteristics. Based on our findings, we suggest that tapping could act to induce prey movement and thereby facilitate prey detection and capture by frogs.
Ecological baselines in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea shifted long before the availability of observational time series
Authors: Steger Jan , Bogi Cesare , Lubinevsky Hadas , Galil Bella S. , Zuschin Martin , Albano Paolo G. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNative biodiversity loss and invasions by nonindigenous species (NIS) have massively altered ecosystems worldwide, but trajectories of taxonomic and functional reorganization remain poorly understood due to the scarcity of long‐term data. Where ecological time series are available, their temporal coverage is often shorter than the history of anthropogenic changes, posing the risk of drawing misleading conclusions on systems' current states and future development. Focusing on the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, a region affected by massive biological invasions and the largest climate change‐driven collapse of native marine biodiversity ever documented, we followed the taxonomic and functional evolution of an emerging “novel ecosystem”, using a unique dataset on shelled mollusks sampled in 2005–2022 on the Israeli shelf. To quantify the alteration of observed assemblages relative to historical times, we also analyzed decades‐ to centuries‐old ecological baselines reconstructed from radiometrically dated death assemblages, time‐averaged accumulations of shells on the seafloor that constitute natural archives of past community states. Against expectations, we found no major loss of native biodiversity in the past two decades, suggesting that its collapse had occurred even earlier than 2005. Instead, assemblage taxonomic and functional richness increased, reflecting the diversification of NIS whose trait structure was, and has remained, different from the native one. The comparison with the death assemblage, however, revealed that modern assemblages are taxonomically and functionally much impoverished compared to historical communities. This implies that NIS did not compensate for the functional loss of native taxa, and that even the most complete observational dataset available for the region represents a shifted baseline that does not reflect the actual magnitude of anthropogenic changes. While highlighting the great value of observational time series, our results call for the integration of multiple information sources on past ecosystem states to better understand patterns of biodiversity loss in the Anthropocene.
The Limits of Liminality: Where do Trans People Fit in to Pope Francis's Church?
Authors: Burbach Nicolete 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper explores a tension between Francis's openness to ‘liminality’ and certain papal statements condemning transness that reproduce the ways in which people are marginalised as trans. It seeks to make sense of these tensions, reading them back through Francis's theology of history, and suggesting a place for trans people to locate ourselves within the Church in spite of them. It argues that Francis's failings around transness can be viewed as ‘limitations’ to be overcome in a redemptive movement. It then argues that Francis's theology of history is reflected in his ‘dialogical’ use of authority, which admits a space and role for us as pastorally accompanying the Church beyond these limitations. Finally, it argues that Francis's pastoral theology is founded on a theology of encounter which suggests that this process is an expression of divine love that draws people to God through a loving encounter with others. Trans people are thus called to put ourselves at the service of this love, and can take hope in its powers even amidst our own weakness.
Japanese survey of perioperative complications and ureteral stricture after ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy for upper urinary tract stones in multicenter collaborative study
Authors: Inoue Takaaki , Tanaka Hirokazu , Masuda Tomoko , Iba Akinori , Tambo Mitsuhiro , Okada Shinsuke , Hou Terunobu , Takazawa Ryoji , Izaki Hirofumi , Hamamoto Shuzo , Fujisawa Masato 
Published: April 2024

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate perioperative complications and the details of postoperative ureteral stricture after ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy (URS‐L) for upper urinary tract stones in Japan.MethodsPatient data on intra‐ and postoperative complications after ureteroscopy using URS‐L were retrospectively collected from multiple centers in Japan between April 2017 and March 2020 with the cooperation of the Japanese Society of Endourology and Robotics. Data included the number of patients undergoing URS‐L, number and type of intra‐ and postoperative complications, and detailed characteristics of postoperative ureteral stricture.ResultsIn total, 14 125 patients underwent URS‐L over 3 years at 82 institutions. Annual URS‐L numbers gradually increased from 4419 in 2017, to 4760 in 2018, and 4946 in 2019. The total complication rate was 10.5%, which was divided into intra‐operative complications in 1.40% and postoperative complications in 9.18%. The annual incidences of intra‐ and postoperative complications were not significantly different from year to year (p = 0.314 and p = 0.112). Ureteral perforation, ureteral avulsion, and the intra‐operative conversion rate were 1.35%, 0.03%, and 0.02%, respectively. Fever >38°C, septic shock, blood transfusion, and postoperative mortality were 7.44%, 0.81%, 0.07%, and 0.04%, respectively. Ureteral stricture occurred in 0.8% of cases. The median length of stricture site was 10.0 mm and the success rate of stricture treatment was 54.6%.ConclusionAlthough URS‐L utilization has increased in Japan, the annual complication rate has remained steady. Although URS‐L is a useful and less invasive procedure, devastating complications can still occur.
Patient perspectives about multiple sclerosis: A metaphor study
Authors: Uslu Esra , Özsaban Aysel , Ocak Şahika , Bayram Aysun , Demir Serkan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimDetermining patients' perceptions of multiple sclerosis, a disease with varying symptoms and prognosis for each individual, can significantly contribute to directing care and treatment. Metaphors may be an opportunity to determine perceptions of this unique illness experience. The aim of this study was to reveal the perceptions of patients with multiple sclerosis about “multiple sclerosis” through metaphors.MethodsThis study was conducted with metaphor analysis technique based on phenomenological method. The sample included 184 patients with multiple sclerosis. Data was collected face‐to‐face between July 2022 and January 2023. Each participant was interviewed individually and was asked to fill in the blanks in the sentence, “multiple sclerosis is like… because…”. Content analysis was performed for metaphors.ResultsThe study revealed five main themes and twelve subthemes that provided insight into the participants' multiple sclerosis perceptions. The themes address (i) Manipulator multiple sclerosis; ambiguous multiple sclerosis, attritive multiple sclerosis, controller multiple sclerosis, demander multiple sclerosis, and conditional multiple sclerosis (ii) Temporal multiple sclerosis; cyclical multiple sclerosis and perpetual multiple sclerosis (iii) Follower multiple sclerosis; unaccepted multiple sclerosis, partner multiple sclerosis and ambusher multiple sclerosis (iv) Different multiple sclerosis; bittersweet multiple sclerosis and unique multiple sclerosis (v) Restorative multiple sclerosis.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that patients with multiple sclerosis mostly had negative perceptions regarding their relationship with multiple sclerosis. The results place a responsibility on healthcare professionals to improve how patients adapt to multiple sclerosis. This study's results can bridge theoretical knowledge and practice.
An experimental teeth bleaching agent containing casein phosphopeptide‐amorphous calcium phosphate
Authors: Balkaya Hacer , Demirbuğa Sezer , Dayan Serkan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study was aimed to obtain an experimental bleaching agent by adding casein phosphopeptide‐amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP‐ACP) in order to eliminate the mineral loss on the tooth surface after bleaching and to evaluate the bleaching effectiveness.Materials and MethodsIn this study, experimental bleaching agents containing 1%, 3% CPP‐ACP and without CPP‐ACP were obtained. Bleaching effectiveness (color change), the effect of bleaching agents on mineral content (energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy), surface morphology (scanning electron microscope), and surface hardness of enamel (Vicker's microhardness) before and after bleaching were evaluated. The obtained data were statistically analyzed.ResultsWhen the bleaching levels of the groups were compared, no statistically significant difference was observed between the control and 1% CPP‐ACP groups (p > 0.05) while the addition of 3% CPP‐ACP decreased significantly the effectiveness of the bleaching agent (p < 0.05). When the effects of experimental bleaching agents on surface hardness were examined, while the enamel surface hardness decreased statistically significantly after application in the control group (p < 0.05), no statistically significant change was observed in surface hardness after the application of 1% CPP‐ACP containing bleaching agent (p > 0.05). However, a statistically significant increase was observed in surface hardness after the application of 3% CPP‐ACP containing bleaching agent (p < 0.05). When the Ca and P ratio of the groups were compared, no statistically significant difference was observed between the control and 1% CPP‐ACP groups (p > 0.05), while they increased significantly in 3% CPP‐ACP group (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe addition of 1% CPP‐ACP to the bleaching agent had positive effects on the mineral content and surface hardness of the enamel, and did not negatively affect the whitening effectiveness.Clinical SignificanceAdding CPP‐ACP to the bleaching agent at appropriate concentrations can eliminate possible negative effects without compromising the effectiveness of the bleaching agent.
The efficacy of enoxolone in reducing erythema and pain after laser treatment: A randomized split‐face pilot study
Authors: Choi Sun Young , Koh Young Gue , Roh Yoon Jin , Park Kui Young 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundEnoxolone, derived from licorice, possesses potent anti‐inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. However, its effectiveness in alleviating post‐laser reactions has not been extensively studied.AimsThis randomized split‐face pilot study aimed to evaluate the effects of enoxolone on skin following laser treatment.Patients/MethodsTen healthy subjects underwent non‐ablative 1550 nm Er:Glass fractional laser treatment and then randomly applied a moisturizer without enoxolone on one side of the face and a dermo‐cosmetic formular containing 2% enoxolone mixed with the same moisturizer on the other side. The erythema index (EI), clinician's erythema assessment (CEA), and pain scores were recorded at 30 min, 60 min, and 24 h posttreatment.ResultsThe group treated with enoxolone showed significantly lower EI and CEA compared to the control group at 24 h posttreatment. Additionally, pain scores were notably reduced in the enoxolone‐treated group 30 min after treatment.ConclusionsThis study suggests that dermo‐cosmetic formular containing 2% enoxolone is effective in reducing erythema and pain following laser treatment.
Improving household and community disaster recovery: Evidence on the role of insurance
Authors: You Xuesong , Kousky Carolyn 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe study the role of insurance in improving household and community disaster recovery. Our analysis harnesses both a unique survey of residents impacted by four land‐falling hurricanes in the United States and foot traffic data on visits to local businesses. Households sort into two groups when it comes to financing recovery: those primarily using property insurance and those largely uninsured, instead relying more on friends and family. Insurance improves households' ability to participate in the local economy. Postflood visitation rates to many local businesses increase with greater flood insurance take‐up rates. Expanded participation in the local economy is consistent with insurance reducing financial constraints; indeed, insured households are less likely to report experiencing high financial burdens in both the short and longer‐run postdisaster and are less likely to have unmet funding needs. Despite this, motivating the purchase of disaster insurance remains challenging, particularly among low‐income households who perceive insurance as less useful.
THE ARABIA – EURASIA COLLISION ZONE IN IRAN: TECTONOSTRATIGRAPHIC AND STRUCTURAL SYNTHESIS
Authors: Madanipour Saeed , Najafi Mahdi , Nozaem Reza , Vergés Jaume , Yassaghi Ali , Heydari Iraj , Khodaparast Sedigheh , Soudmand Zahra , Aghajari Lotfollah 
Published: April 2024

The Arabia – Eurasia collision zone in the central part of the Alpine – Himalayan orogenic system has had a complex deformation history since the Palaeozoic. In Iran, the collision zone consists of the Alborz‐Talesh, Kopeh Dagh and Zagros foldbelts and the intervening Central Iran area. In this review paper, we summarize the structural architecture and tectonostratigraphic characteristics of these domains and attempt to correlate regional deformation events between them. The results show that six regional‐scale deformation phases can be recognized and correlated in Iran over a time interval extending from the Late Palaeozoic to the Late Cenozoic.Late Palaeozoic rifting in northern Gondwana and subsequent oceanic spreading resulted in the separation of the Central and North Iran blocks from the Arabian Platform. These blocks later converged and collided with the southern margin of Eurasia due to the subduction of the intervening PalaeoTethys lithosphere (“Cimmerian orogeny”: Late Triassic). The convergent setting resulted in the initial development of the Alborz‐Talesh foldbelt in present‐day northern Iran, while extensional basins developed in the forebulge area in Central Iran. Continuing northward subduction of NeoTethyan oceanic lithosphere at the southern Eurasia margin produced Early Cretaceous back‐arc extension and associated volcanism in Central Iran and the Alborz‐Talesh area to the north. A phase of compressional deformation in the Late Cretaceous was related to the collision of a series of microcontinents derived from Northern Gondwana, including the Ercinjan and Bitlis massifs, with the Central Iran block, and is recorded in the Alborz‐Talesh foldbelt and in Central Iran. Further back‐arc extension in the late Paleocene – Eocene was accompanied by pervasive volcanism and volcaniclastic sedimentation throughout northern and Central Iran. The final closure of NeoTethys and convergence between the Arabian and Eurasian Plates evolved through phases of early Oligocene “soft” collision and middle Miocene “hard” collision. This was accompanied by thrusting in the internal parts of the Zagros foldbelt and by folding and subordinate thrusting in the more external parts, with related development of the flexural Mesopotamian Basin in the foreland to the SW.
Clinical findings, treatment and outcome of trapped neutrophil syndrome in Border Collies: 12 cases (2011‐2022)
Authors: Suciu A. , Starybrat D. , Gil‐Morales C. , Matson H. , Jepson R. , Williams M. , Lyraki M. , McMahon L. , Nerhagen S. , Veitch A. , Llewellyn E. 
Published: April 2024

ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate clinical signs, diagnostic findings, treatment administered and short‐ (survival to 28 days) and long‐term prognosis (survival >6 months) in dogs diagnosed with trapped neutrophil syndrome.Materials and MethodsMedical records of 12 dogs (10 Border Collies and two Border Collie Crossbreeds) homozygous for VPS13B gene mutation causing trapped neutrophil syndrome from seven veterinary institutions between January 2011 and June 2022 were evaluated retrospectively.ResultsThe most common clinical signs at the time of diagnosis were pyrexia, abnormal gait and gastrointestinal signs. Concurrent metaphyseal osteopathy and immune‐mediated polyarthritis were common. Seven dogs had a segmented neutrophil count below, four dogs within and one dog above the analyser reference interval at presentation. Two dogs had a septic source identified and both were additionally identified to be homozygous mutant positive on DNA testing by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for canine cyclic neutropenia. All dogs received at least one antimicrobial agent and 10 dogs received treatment with prednisone or prednisolone (median starting dose 1 mg/kg/day; range 0.5 to 2.5 mg/kg/day). Nine dogs were alive at 28 days and six dogs were alive at 6 months post‐diagnosis.Clinical SignificanceTrapped neutrophil syndrome should be suspected in young Border Collies with pyrexia, lameness and gastrointestinal signs. Neutropenia may not always be present and long‐term survival is possible. A septic focus was not commonly identified in our population; however, our results suggest that if identified, testing for concurrent canine cyclic neutropenia should be considered.
Investigation of neutering status and age of neutering in female Dachshunds with thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion
Authors: Doeven L. , Cardy T. , Crawford A. H. 
Published: April 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate neutering status and age of neutering in female Dachshunds with thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion. We hypothesised that neutered Dachshunds presented with intervertebral disc extrusion at an earlier age, with a higher grade of neurological deficits and with more extensive extrusion of disc material compared with intact females.Materials and MethodsRetrospective multi‐centre study of client‐owned female Dachshunds with surgically confirmed thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion. Dogs were classified as early, late or not neutered (intact). Age, body condition score, duration of clinical signs before presentation, modified Frankel score at presentation, length of extruded disc material, maximum spinal cord compression and whether dogs presented for a subsequent intervertebral disc extrusion were recorded.ResultsOne hundred and fifty‐four dogs were included: 36 early neutered, 69 late neutered and 49 intact. No significant difference was found between early neutered, late neutered and entire female Dachshunds in any of the variables studied.Clinical SignificanceIn this cohort of female dogs, neuter status and age of neutering were not found to affect age at onset nor severity of thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion.