bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacist‐led telehealth deprescribing for people living with dementia and polypharmacy in primary care: A pilot study
Authors: Green Ariel R. , Quiles Rosalphie , Daddato Andrea E. , Merrey Jessica , Weffald Linda , Gleason Kathy , Xue Qian‐Li , Swarthout Meghan , Feeser Scott , Boyd Cynthia M. , Wolff Jennifer L. , Blinka Marcela D. , Libby Anne M. , Boxer Rebecca S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeople living with dementia (PLWD) have complex medication regimens, exposing them to increased risk of harm. Pragmatic deprescribing strategies that align with patient‐care partner goals are needed.MethodsA pilot study of a pharmacist‐led intervention to optimize medications with patient‐care partner priorities, ran May 2021–2022 at two health systems. PLWD with ≥7 medications in primary care and a care partner were enrolled. After an introductory mailing, dyads were randomized to a pharmacist telehealth intervention immediately (intervention) or delayed by 3 months (control). Feasibility outcomes were enrollment, intervention completion, pharmacist time, and primary care provider (PCP) acceptance of recommendations. To refine pragmatic data collection protocols, we assessed the Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI; primary efficacy outcome) and the Family Caregiver Medication Administration Hassles Scale (FCMAHS).Results69 dyads enrolled; 27 of 34 (79%) randomized to intervention and 28 of 35 (80%) randomized to control completed the intervention. Most visits (93%) took more than 20 min and required multiple follow‐up interactions (62%). PCPs responded to 82% of the pharmacists' first messages and agreed with 98% of recommendations. At 3 months, 22 (81%) patients in the intervention and 14 (50%) in the control had ≥1 medication discontinued; 21 (78%) and 12 (43%), respectively, had ≥1 new medication added. The mean number of medications decreased by 0.6 (3.4) in the intervention and 0.2 (1.7) in the control, reflecting a non‐clinically meaningful 1.0 (±12.4) point reduction in the MRCI among intervention patients and a 1.2 (±12.9) point increase among control. FCMAHS scores decreased by 3.3 (±18.8) points in the intervention and 2.5 (±14.4) points in the control.ConclusionThough complex, pharmacist‐led telehealth deprescribing is feasible and may reduce medication burden in PLWD. To align with patient‐care partner goals, pharmacists recommended deprescribing and prescribing. If scalable, such interventions may optimize goal‐concordant care for PLWD.
Excitotoxic glutamate levels cause the secretion of resident endoplasmic reticulum proteins
Authors: Dossat Amanda M. , Trychta Kathleen A. , Glotfelty Elliot J. , Hinkle Joshua J. , Fortuno Lowella V. , Gore Lana N. , Richie Christopher T. , Harvey Brandon K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDysregulation of synaptic glutamate levels can lead to excitotoxicity such as that observed in stroke, traumatic brain injury, and epilepsy. The role of increased intracellular calcium (Ca2+) in the development of excitotoxicity is well established. However, less is known regarding the impact of glutamate on endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐Ca2+‐mediated processes such as proteostasis. To investigate this, we expressed a secreted ER Ca2+ modulated protein (SERCaMP) in primary cortical neurons to monitor exodosis, a phenomenon whereby ER calcium depletion causes the secretion of ER‐resident proteins that perform essential functions to the ER and the cell. Activation of glutamatergic receptors (GluRs) led to an increase in SERCaMP secretion indicating that normally ER‐resident proteins are being secreted in a manner consistent with ER Ca2+ depletion. Antagonism of ER Ca2+ channels attenuated the effects of glutamate and GluR agonists on SERCaMP release. We also demonstrate that endogenous proteins containing an ER retention/retrieval sequence (ERS) are secreted in response to GluR activation supporting that neuronal activation by glutamate promotes ER exodosis. Ectopic expression of KDEL receptors attenuated the secretion of ERS‐containing proteins caused by GluR agonists. Taken together, our data indicate that excessive GluR activation causes disruption of neuronal proteostasis by triggering the secretion of ER‐resident proteins through ER Ca2+ depletion and describes a new facet of excitotoxicity.image
Real‐life data over 36 weeks of guselkumab treatment in psoriasis patients: A single‐center study from Turkey
Authors: Solak Eda Öksüm , Aba Fatih Can , Çınar Salih Levent , Kartal Demet , Borlu Murat 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is an important health problem responsible for morbidity and workforce loss. In recent years, anti‐IL‐23 drugs have become essential in psoriasis treatment.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of guselkumab therapy, recently used in Turkey, by examining real‐life data over 36 weeks.MethodsA total of 39 psoriasis patients (>18 years old) who received guselkumab treatment between December 2021 and December 2022 in the dermatology department of our hospital were included in the study. Patients” ages, sexes, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, duration of illness, drugs used before guselkumab treatment, clinical response to guselkumab treatment, and side effects, if any, were recorded. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores at baseline and Weeks 4, 12, 24, and 36 were evaluated, as well as the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) at the beginning and end of the study.ResultsThe PASI scores at Weeks 4, 12, 24, and 36 and the DLQI at Week 36 decreased statistically compared with baseline (p < 0.05). The PASI score at baseline and Weeks 4, 24, and 36 did not differ between groups based on IL‐17 use (p > 0.05). No significant correlation was observed between BMI, disease duration, and PASI scores at baseline and Weeks 4, 12, 24, and 36. No side effects were observed in any of the patients during treatment.ConclusionThis study includes real‐life data on the use of guselkumab therapy for psoriasis in the Turkish population. Based on the results, guselkumab is a highly effective and safe treatment.
Evaluation of people's satisfaction with botulinum toxin injection for facial rejuvenation based on age
Authors: Farashi Farzaneh , Ghoncheh Mahdi , Ghasemian Moghaddam Mohammad Reza , Soroosh Zahra 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundBotulinum toxin type A injections are widely used for facial rejuvenation; however, research on people's satisfaction based on age is limited. This study assessed patient satisfaction with botulinum toxin injections for forehead, glabella, and periorbital wrinkles in Birjand, Iran.Patients and MethodsThe current study examined 150 people aged 18 to 70 who requested botulinum toxin type A injection in the forehead, glabellar, and periorbital area in 2022, who visited the plastic surgery clinic and the authors' offices in Birjand City. To check patients' satisfaction, Facial Lines Treatment Satisfaction (FTS) Questionnaire was used. One month after botulinum toxin type A injection, this questionnaire was completed by the clients. Also, the brand type of botulinum toxin, age, gender of the clients, frequency of visits, and complications were collected in the relevant checklist.ResultsThe average age of participants was 38.8 ± 8.29 years with 73.3% being female. Masport botulinum toxin (MasoonDarou Pharmaceutical Company, I.R. Iran) was the most frequently used botulinum toxin brand at 66.7%. The average satisfaction score with the result of botulinum toxin injection in the forehead/glabella and periorbital area, in the age group under 30 years and 30–40 years, was significantly higher than in the age group over 50 years. The same indicators in the age group under 30 years old were significantly higher than in the 30–40 age group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, brand selection and the number of visits (first‐time vs. second‐time clients) demonstrated varied outcomes in satisfaction. There was a total of 62.7% side effects postinjection, with varying degrees of severity.
Work‐related rumination as a mediator between hindrance demands and sleep quality
Authors: Janurek Janina , Junker Nina M. , Abdel Hadi Sascha , Mojzisch Andreas , Häusser Jan A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractJob demands can negatively affect sleep. However, previous studies have provided inconclusive results regarding the mediating role of work‐related rumination in this relationship. Integrating prolonged activation theory with the challenge‐hindrance framework, we hypothesized that – on a day level – hindrance demands, but not challenge demands, are negatively associated with sleep quality and sleep duration via work‐related rumination. We tested this assumption in a 14‐day ambulatory assessment study with a sample of employees (N = 175). As predicted, we found that only hindrance demands, but not challenge demands, are related to sleep quality via work‐related rumination. No relationships with sleep duration were found for any type of job demands.
Attitudes towards artificial intelligence at work: Scale development and validation
Authors: Park Jiyoung , Woo Sang Eun , Kim JeongJin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractResearch suggests that understanding workers' attitudes towards artificial intelligence (AI) application is a prerequisite to successfully integrating AI into an organization. However, few studies have clarified the meaning of attitudes towards AI application at work (AAAW) as a multifaceted construct that can be assessed with psychometric validity. To address this issue, we developed and validated a scale to capture individuals' AAAW using three independent samples (total N = 2841). The resulting 25‐item scale covers an overall construct of AAAW as well as six dimensions that are subsumed under the construct (i.e., perceived humanlikeness, perceived adaptability, perceived quality of AI, AI use anxiety, job insecurity and personal utility). Our findings suggest that the AAAW scale has good psychometric properties and can be used to predict important recruiting outcomes. The scale offers opportunities to better understand and measure workers' attitudes towards AI application at work in a comprehensive and integrative manner.
Analysis of risk factors and interactions for pain in temporomandibular disorder: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yang Yang , Xu Li‐li , Liu Sha‐sha , Lu Shen‐ji , Liu Li‐kun , Zeng Hong , Fang Zhong‐yi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundRisk factors for temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain remain unclear.ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify risk factors for TMD pain using a biopsychosocial model and to investigate interactions between potential risk factors—oral behaviours (OBs), psychological factors and sleep quality—and their direct and indirect effects on TMD pain.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study of 488 patients with TMDs (422 women; 30.8 ± 9.4 years). Pain was assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale. Demographic, behavioural, psychological and biomedical data were collected through clinical examination, face‐to‐face interviews and questionnaires. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with TMD pain. Mediation and moderation analysis were used to evaluate interactions between variables. Significant mediation (‘0’ not included in the 95% confidence interval (CI)) and moderation (p < .05) effects on TMD pain were identified.ResultsMarital status, diagnosis subgroup, previous medication use, depression and sleep quality were significant risk factors for TMD pain (p < .05). Significant mediation effects were observed as follows: depression and sleep quality mediated the association between OBs and pain; sleep quality mediated the association between somatization, depression, anxiety and pain; and depression mediated the association between sleep quality and pain (all 95% CI did not contain ‘0’).Conclusions(1) Marital status, diagnosis subgroup, previous medication use, depression and sleep quality were associated with TMD pain. (2) OBs can exacerbate pain by promoting depression and reducing sleep quality. Psychological factors and sleep quality can interact to exacerbate pain.
Enhancing operational rations for Special Operations Forces: A qualitative analysis and roadmap for product improvement
Authors: De Abreu Vitor Luiz F. , Tavares Filho Elson R. , Monteiro Sabrina S. , Esmerino Erick A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNinety‐eight (n = 98) military personnel from the Brazilian Army Special Operations Forces (SOF) participated in 10 Focus Groups to discuss the suitability of Combat Operational Rations with the service doctrine. The operational rations provided partially meet the operational and doctrinal demands of the SOF. Although the military personnel felt secure with the rations provided, the need to customize kits with locally sourced food items before the start of the mission and complaints about the excessive packaging volume were the categories that showed the highest level of engagement. The insights obtained for improving the rations indicated the need for adjustments in palatability, menu variety, modularization, practicality, and an increase in the nutritional content of macro and micronutrients. Further studies should be conducted in partnership with military technical sectors and strategic defense companies to assess the feasibility of developing rations better aligned with the SOF doctrine.Practical ApplicationsAddressing the challenges identified in the Rations used by the Brazilian Army Special Operations Forces (SOF) is crucial for improving the readiness and performance of elite military units and offers valuable insights for academic research. This benefits the academic community by demonstrating the real‐world relevance of nutrition science, food technology, and logistics in military settings. Furthermore, the collaboration between military technical sectors and strategic defense companies presents an opportunity for industrial innovation. Companies involved in producing and supplying rations can use these findings to develop more suitable, efficient, and cost‐effective products tailored to the unique demands of SOF units.
Periodontitis and risk of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Wu Hong , Wang Shengpeng , Wei Zhenhui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractStudies examining the link between periodontitis and survival outcomes have yielded conflicting results in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This systematic review with meta‐analysis aims to assess the association between periodontitis and cardiovascular or all‐cause mortality in CKD patients. A thorough search was conducted on the PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases for studies investigating the association between periodontitis and survival outcomes in CKD patients. Two authors independently scanned the titles or abstracts and then identified the eligible full‐text article based on the PECOS criteria: Participants (CKD patients), Exposure (periodontitis), Comparison (mild/no periodontitis), Outcomes (cardiovascular or all‐cause mortality), and Study design (retrospective or prospective cohort). Six cohort studies, including 7731 patients, were identified. The included studies had low‐to‐moderate risk of bias. The mean/median follow‐up duration ranged from 18.1 months to 8.67 years. The all‐cause mortality rate was 44.8% for patients with periodontitis and 28.0% for controls. Meta‐analysis showed that periodontitis, defined through clinical attachment loss (CAL), was significantly associated with an increased risk of all‐cause (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.24; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.89–1.72; I2 = 80.9%) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.57; 95% CI 1.08–2.27; I2 = 34.0%). Additionally, a significant association between periodontitis and the risk of cardiovascular or all‐cause mortality was observed in studies with a predominance of females, follow‐up duration ≥5 years, all stages of CKD, and low risk of bias subgroups. Periodontitis is significantly associated with an increased risk of all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality in CKD patients within low risk of bias subgroup or based on defining periodontitis through CAL. Registration number: PROSPERO CRD42018512391.
Symbiosis modulates gene expression of symbionts, but not coral hosts, under thermal challenge
Authors: Aichelman Hannah E. , Huzar Alexa K. , Wuitchik Daniel M. , Atherton Kathryn F. , Wright Rachel M. , Dixon Groves , Schlatter E. , Haftel Nicole , Davies Sarah W. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIncreasing ocean temperatures are causing dysbiosis between coral hosts and their symbionts. Previous work suggests that coral host gene expression responds more strongly to environmental stress compared to their intracellular symbionts; however, the causes and consequences of this phenomenon remain untested. We hypothesized that symbionts are less responsive because hosts modulate symbiont environments to buffer stress. To test this hypothesis, we leveraged the facultative symbiosis between the scleractinian coral Oculina arbuscula and its symbiont Breviolum psygmophilum to characterize gene expression responses of both symbiotic partners in and ex hospite under thermal challenges. To characterize host and in hospite symbiont responses, symbiotic and aposymbiotic O. arbuscula were exposed to three treatments: (1) control (18°C), (2) heat (32°C), and (3) cold (6°C). This experiment was replicated with B. psygmophilum cultured from O. arbuscula to characterize ex hospite symbiont responses. Both thermal challenges elicited classic environmental stress responses (ESRs) in O. arbuscula regardless of symbiotic state, with hosts responding more strongly to cold challenge. Hosts also exhibited stronger responses than in hospite symbionts. In and ex hospite B. psygmophilum both down‐regulated gene ontology pathways associated with photosynthesis under thermal challenge; however, ex hospite symbionts exhibited greater gene expression plasticity and differential expression of genes associated with ESRs. Taken together, these findings suggest that O. arbuscula hosts may buffer environments of B. psygmophilum symbionts; however, we outline the future work needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Two distinct SNARE complexes mediate vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane to ensure effective development and pathogenesis of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense
Authors: Fang Zhenyu , Zhao Qiwen , Yang Shiyu , Cai Yan , Fang Wenqin , Abubakar Yakubu Saddeeq , Lin Ying , Yun Yingzi , Zheng Wenhui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSNAREs (soluble N‐ethylmaleimide‐sensitive factor attachment protein receptors) facilitate docking and fusion of vesicles with their target membranes, playing a crucial role in vesicle trafficking and exocytosis. However, the spatial assembly and roles of plasma membrane (PM)‐associated SNAREs in phytopathogen development and pathogenicity are not clearly understood. In this study, we analysed the roles and molecular mechanisms of PM‐associated SNARE complexes in the banana Fusarium wilt fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (FocTR4). Our findings demonstrate that FocSso1 is important for the fungal growth, conidiation, host penetration and colonization. Mechanistically, FocSso1 regulates protein secretion by mediating vesicle docking and fusion with the PM and hyphal apex. Interestingly, a FocSso1–FocSec9–FocSnc1 complex was observed to assemble not only at the fungal PM but also on the growing hyphal apex, facilitating exocytosis. FocSso2, a paralogue of FocSso1, was also found to form a ternary SNARE complex with FocSec9 and FocSnc1, but it mainly localizes to the PM in old hyphae. The functional analysis of this protein demonstrated that it is dispensable for the fungal growth but necessary for host penetration and colonization. The other subunits, FocSec9 and FocSnc1, are involved in the fungal development and facilitate host penetration. Furthermore, FocSso1 and FocSnc1 are functionally interdependent, as loss of FocSso1 leads to mis‐sorting and degradation of FocSnc1 in the vacuole and vice versa. Overall, this study provides insight into the formation of two spatially and functionally distinct PM SNARE complexes and their involvement in vesicle exocytosis to regulate development and pathogenicity of FocTR4.
Immunohistochemical analysis of chronic and recurrent dermatophytosis
Authors: Bhat Ramesh M. , Madhumita Monisha , Marla Nisha J. , Jayaraman Jyothi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundDermatophytosis has assumed epidemic proportions with rising resistance, recalcitrance and recurrence, especially in tropical regions. While various factors contribute to high prevalence worldwide, yet little is known about the interactions between host defence mechanisms and dermatophytes, particularly in chronic and recalcitrant dermatophytosis.ObjectivesWe aimed to compare the population of various immune cells in specimens of chronic recurrent dermatophytosis and those with acute superficial dermatophytosis.MethodsWe investigated the density of various immune cells—Langerhans cells (CD1a+), macrophages (CD68+), dermal dendrocytes (Factor XIIIa+) in the skin of chronic dermatophytosis patients and those with successfully resolved lesions (controls).ResultsLangerhans cells were significantly decreased in the epidermis of patients, both in affected and unaffected areas in comparison with controls. In the dermis, however, no differences in the density of immune cells (macrophages and fibroblasts) were observed.LimitationsThe limited sample size and immune cells evaluated could be expanded further in future research.ConclusionThese results indicate that the decreased number of Langerhans cells could be a potential risk factor for the development of chronic and recurrent dermatophytosis.
Gastrointestinal diagnoses in patients with eating disorders: A retrospective cohort study 2010–2020
Authors: Almeida Mariana N. , Atkins Micaela , Garcia‐Fischer Isabelle , Weeks Imani E. , Silvernale Casey J. , Samad Ahmad , Rao Fatima , Burton‐Murray Helen , Staller Kyle 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsGastrointestinal (GI) disorders are common in patients with eating disorders. However, the temporal relationship between GI and eating disorder symptoms has not been explored. We aimed to evaluate GI disorders among patients with eating disorders, their relative timing, and the relationship between GI diagnoses and eating disorder remission.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with an eating disorder diagnosis who had a GI encounter from 2010 to 2020. GI diagnoses and timing of eating disorder onset were abstracted from chart review. Coders applied DSM‐5 criteria for eating disorders at the time of GI consult to determine eating disorder remission status.ResultsOf 344 patients with an eating disorder diagnosis and GI consult, the majority (255/344, 74.2%) were diagnosed with an eating disorder prior to GI consult (preexisting eating disorder). GI diagnoses categorized as functional/motility disorders were most common among the cohort (57.3%), particularly in those with preexisting eating disorders (62.5%). 113 (44.3%) patients with preexisting eating disorders were not in remission at GI consult, which was associated with being underweight (OR 0.13, 95% CI 0.04–0.46, p < 0.001) and increasing number of GI diagnoses (OR 0.47 per diagnosis, 95% CI 0.26–0.85, p = 0.01).ConclusionsEating disorder symptoms precede GI consult for most patients, particularly in functional/motility disorders. As almost half of eating disorder patients are not in remission at GI consult. GI providers have an important role in screening for eating disorders. Further prospective research is needed to understand the complex relationship between eating disorders and GI symptoms.