bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LEAP-ASIA-2019 Centrifuge Tests at University of Cambridge
Authors: Madabhushi Gopal S. P. , Haigh Stuart K. , Boksmati Jad I. , Garcia-Torres Samy , Fusco Alessandro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTwo dynamic centrifuge tests were conducted on a 5° liquefiable slope with a slope depth of 4 m at the centre line, as part of LEAP-ASIA-2019 at the Schofield Centre, University of Cambridge. The main purpose of these tests was to investigate the suitability of the generalised scaling laws proposed by Iai et al. (Geotechnique, 55(5):355–362, 2005). The two tests were carried out at two drastically different g levels, CU Model B at 80 g and CU Model B1 at 1 g, with corresponding virtual scaling factors of 0.5 and 40, respectively. Following the principles of generalised scaling, results from both tests should be representative of the same slope profile with a slope depth of 4 m previously tested as part of LEAP-UCD-2017. CU Model B exhibited typical liquefaction behaviour with substantial reduction in acceleration transmission along the depth of the slope coupled with considerable excess pore pressure build-up during shaking. For a similar input motion, the slope in CU Model B1 at 1 g showed little deformations. Intensity of the input motion had to be increased by nearly twofolds to trigger slope movements that can be measured by PIV.
LEAP-ASIA-2019 Centrifuge Test at Ehime University
Authors: Okamura Mitsu , Sjafruddin Asri Nurani 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThree centrifuge tests were conducted at Ehime University for the LEAP-ASIA-2019 exercise. The experiment consisted of a submerged clean sand, with a target relative density of 65%, with a 5-degree slope in a rigid container. Models were prepared along with the specifications, and each model was subjected to a ramped sine wave base motion. Models were designed so that they simulated the same prototype at different scaling factors to verify the validity of the generalized scaling law. This paper provides an overview of the models and some details of the effects of the scaling factor on the pore pressure responses and deformation of the models.
LEAP-ASIA-2019 Centrifuge Tests at University Gustave Eiffel
Authors: Escoffier Sandra , Li Zheng , Audrain Philippe 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the framework of the LEAP-ASIA-2019 exercise, two dynamic centrifuge tests on a gentle slope of saturated Ottawa F-65 sand have been performed at the centrifuge of University Gustave Eiffel. These tests were conducted in parallel with other tests performed in nine other centrifuge centers. In addition to the objectives of the LEAP-UCD-2017 (comparison of the experimental results, e.g., effect of the experimental procedure or of test parameters on the results, and providing of a database for numerical modeling), the new objective was to evaluate, through the tested configuration, the generalized scaling approach described by Iai et al. (Géotechnique 55(5):355–362, 2005). In this framework, all the centrifuge teams have performed two types of tests. Considering the same prototype geometry, the first test was performed following the classical approach used in centrifuge modeling, and the second test was performed considering the generalized scaling law (GSL). Following the test matrix and test specifications of LEAP-ASIA-2019, University Gustave Eiffel has performed two model tests (test A2 renamed UGE-1/50-62 and test A3 renamed UGE-2/25-62). The two tests have been performed on a slope sand with the same relative density (62%) considering a target motion PGAeff = 0.3 g (1 Hz ramped sine at the prototype scale).In this paper, the test setup and the deviations from the specifications such as the experimental setup improvement that have followed the LEAP-UCD-2017 tests are presented in detail. The results obtained from the two tests are then provided at the prototype scale for comparison. The obtained input base motions are first presented followed by the characterization of the soil through CPT profiles. The responses of the saturated sand slopes for both tests are then detailed through the analysis of the pore pressure buildup, the accelerations in the soil, and the displacements measured through surface markers and embedded sensors. Some preliminary results of the global scaling approach are then discussed.
Diffractive single hadron production in a saturation framework at the NLO
Authors: Fucilla Michael , Grabovsky Andrey , Li Emilie , Szymanowski Lech , Wallon Samuel 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We calculate the cross-sections of diffractive single hadron photo- or electroproduction with large pT, on a nucleon or a nucleus in the shockwave formalism. We use the hybrid formalism mixing collinear factorization with high energy small-x factorization with the impact factors computed at next-to-leading order accuracy. We prove the cancellation of divergence and we determine the finite parts of the differential cross-sections. We work in general kinematics such that both photoproduction and leptoproduction are considered. The results can be used to detect saturation effects, at both the future EIC or already at LHC, using Ultra-Peripheral Collisions.
Entanglement and confinement in lattice gauge theory tensor networks
Authors: Knaute Johannes , Feuerstein Matan , Zohar Erez 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We develop a transfer operator approach for the calculation of Rényi entanglement entropies in arbitrary (i.e. Abelian and non-Abelian) pure lattice gauge theory projected entangled pair states in 2+1 dimensions. It is explicitly shown how the long-range behavior of these quantities gives rise to an entanglement area law in both the thermodynamic limit and in the continuum. We numerically demonstrate the applicability of our method to the ℤ2 lattice gauge theory and relate some entanglement properties to the confinement-deconfinement transition therein. We provide evidence that Rényi entanglement entropies in certain cases do not provide a complete probe of (de)confinement properties compared to Wilson loop expectation values as other genuine (nonlocal) observables.
Radiotherapy statements of the 18th St. Gallen International Breast Cancer Consensus Conference—a German expert perspective
Authors: Krug David , Banys-Paluchowski Maggie , Brucker Sara Y. , Denkert Carsten , Ditsch Nina , Fasching Peter A. , Haidinger Renate , Harbeck Nadia , Heil Jörg , Huober Jens , Jackisch Christian , Janni Wolfgang , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Loibl Sibylle , Lüftner Diana , van Mackelenbergh Marion , Radosa Julia C. , Reimer Toralf , Welslau Manfred , Würstlein Rachel , Untch Michael , Budach Wilfried 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To summarize the radiotherapy-relevant statements of the 18th St. Gallen Breast Cancer Consensus Conference and interpret the findings in light of German guideline recommendations.

Methods
Statements and voting results from the 18th St. Gallen International Breast Cancer Consensus Conference were collected and analyzed according to their relevance for the radiation oncology community. The voting results were discussed in two hybrid meetings among the authors of this manuscript on March 18 and 19, 2023, in light of the German S3 guideline and the 2023 version of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie (AGO) guidelines.

Results and conclusion
There was a high level of agreement between the radiotherapy-related statements of the 18th St. Gallen International Breast Cancer Consensus Conference and the German S3 and AGO guidelines. Discrepancies include the impact of number of lymph node metastases for the indication for postmastectomy radiotherapy.
The Ground State Energy of a Two-Dimensional Bose Gas
Authors: Fournais Søren , Girardot Theotime , Junge Lukas , Morin Leo , Olivieri Marco 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe prove the following formula for the ground state energy density of a dilute Bose gas with density $$\rho $$
ρ
in 2 dimensions in the thermodynamic limit $$\begin{aligned} e^{\text {2D}}(\rho ) = 4\pi \rho ^2 Y\Big (1 - Y \vert \log Y \vert + \Big ( 2\Gamma + \frac{1}{2} + \log (\pi ) \Big ) Y \Big ) + o(\rho ^2 Y^{2}), \end{aligned}$$

e
2D

(
ρ
)

=
4
π

ρ
2

Y

(

1
-
Y

|
log
Y
|

+

(

2
Γ
+

1
2

+
log

(
π
)

)

Y

)

+
o

(

ρ
2

Y
2

)

,

as $$\rho a^2 \rightarrow 0$$

ρ

a
2

→
0

. Here $$Y= |\log (\rho a^2)|^{-1}$$

Y
=
|
log

(
ρ

a
2

)

|

-
1

and a is the scattering length of the two-body potential. This result in 2 dimensions corresponds to the famous Lee–Huang–Yang formula in 3 dimensions. The proof is valid for essentially all positive potentials with finite scattering length, in particular, it covers the crucial case of the hard core potential.
Stokes Waves at the Critical Depth are Modulationally Unstable
Authors: Berti Massimiliano , Maspero Alberto , Ventura Paolo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe paper fully answers a long standing open question concerning the stability/instability of pure gravity periodic traveling water waves—called Stokes waves—at the critical Whitham–Benjamin depth $$ \texttt{h}_{\scriptscriptstyle {\textsc {WB}}}= 1.363... $$

h

WB

=
1.363
.
.
.

and nearby values. We prove that Stokes waves of small amplitude $$ \mathcal {O}( \epsilon ) $$

O
(
ϵ
)

are, at the critical depth $$ \texttt{h}_{\scriptscriptstyle {\textsc {WB}}}$$

h

WB

, linearly unstable under long wave perturbations. The same holds true for slightly smaller values of the depth $$ \texttt{h}> \texttt{h}_{\scriptscriptstyle {\textsc {WB}}}- c \epsilon ^2 $$

h
>

h

WB

-
c

ϵ
2

, $$ c > 0 $$

c
>
0

, depending on the amplitude of the wave. This problem was not rigorously solved in previous literature because the expansions degenerate at the critical depth. To solve this degenerate case, and describe in a mathematically exhaustive way how the eigenvalues change their stable-to-unstable nature along this shallow-to-deep water transient, we Taylor-expand the computations of Berti et al. (Arch Ration Mech Anal 247:91, 2023) at a higher degree of accuracy, starting from the fourth order expansion of the Stokes waves. We prove that also in this transient regime a pair of unstable eigenvalues depict a closed figure “8”, of smaller size than for $$ \texttt{h}> \texttt{h}_{\scriptscriptstyle {\textsc {WB}}}$$

h
>

h

WB

, as the Floquet exponent varies.
Zellkulturbasierte Influenzaimpfstoffe: eine effektive Impfstoffoption für unter 60-Jährige
Authors: Gärtner Barbara C. , Beier Dietmar , Gosch Gunther , Wahle Klaus , Wendt Luise , Förster Laura-Christin , Schmidt Kim J. , Schwarz Tino F. 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungAuch die Bevölkerung < 60 Jahre ist von einer signifikanten Krankheitslast durch die saisonale Influenza betroffen, einhergehend mit einer hohen wirtschaftlichen Belastung, insbesondere bedingt durch Influenza-assoziierte Produktivitätsverluste der arbeitenden Gesellschaft. Konventionelle eibasierte Influenzaimpfstoffe können aufgrund von Eiadaptation eine beeinträchtigte Impfeffektivität aufweisen. Zellkulturbasierte Influenzaimpfstoffe weisen seltener Antigenanpassungen an das Wirtssystem auf und zeigten über mehrere Saisons eine bessere Effektivität bei 4‑ bis 64-Jährigen gegenüber konventionellen eibasierten Influenzaimpfstoffen unter realen Bedingungen. Der präferenzielle Einsatz von zellkulturbasierten vs. konventionelle Influenzaimpfstoffe könnte zu einer Verringerung der Influenza-bedingten Krankheitslast und wirtschaftlichen Belastung in der deutschen Bevölkerung < 60 Jahre führen.
Types of teacher-AI collaboration in K-12 classroom instruction: Chinese teachers’ perspective
Authors: Kim Jinhee 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe advancing power and capabilities of artificial intelligence (AI) have expanded the roles of AI in education and have created the possibility for teachers to collaborate with AI in classroom instruction. However, the potential types of teacher-AI collaboration (TAC) in classroom instruction and the benefits and challenges of implementing TAC are still elusive. This study, therefore, aimed to explore different types of TAC and the potential benefits and obstacles of TAC through Focus Group Interviews with 30 Chinese teachers. The study found that teachers anticipated six types of TAC, which are thematized as One Teach, One Observe; One Teach, One Assist; Co-teaching in Stations; Parallel Teaching in Online and Offline Classes; Differentiated Teaching; and Team Teaching. While teachers highlighted that TAC could support them in instructional design, teaching delivery, teacher professional development, and lowering grading load, they perceived a lack of explicit and consistent curriculum guidance, the dominance of commercial AI in schools, the absence of clear ethical guidelines, and teachers' negative attitude toward AI as obstacles to TAC. These findings enhance our understanding of how TAC could be structured at school levels and direct the implications for future development and practice to support TAC.
A Randomized Study to Determine the Effect of a Culturally Focused Video Intervention on Improving HPV Vaccine Intentions in a Christian Population in the United States
Authors: Redd David S. , Altman Jessica D. , Jensen Jamie L. , Sloan-Aagard Chantel D. , Crook Triston B. , Asay Aaron E. , Nielson Bryce U. , Larson Ruth J. , Miner Dashiell S. , Poole Brian D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSafe and effective vaccines have been developed that protect against high-risk strains of HPV, but uptake is relatively low. We previously identified factors such as sexual attitudes and HPV knowledge that impact the intent of Christian parents to vaccinate their children against HPV. We hypothesized that culturally specific interventions in the form of short videos would be effective at improving HPV vaccine intentions and attitudes. We made three short educational videos, one with a Christian focus, one informational about HPV, and one control. Videos were distributed electronically with accompanying surveys, and responses were measured before and after watching a randomly selected video. The religious-focused and educational interventions significantly (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0015) improved intentions towards HPV vaccination. The religiously-focused video also significantly diminished the belief that the HPV vaccine is unnecessary because of a family’s values (p = 0.014). Parents significantly credited both interventions with improving their intent to vaccinate their children against HPV (p < 0.001 for both). These results suggest that culturally focused educational interventions are effective at influencing vaccine intentions and attitudes, even when those are based on religious or cultural feelings. Highly specific interventions are likely to be necessary for optimal improvement in vaccine hesitancy.
Collaborative Integration of Community Health Workers in Hospitals and Health Centers to Reduce Pediatric Asthma Disparities: A Quality Improvement Program Evaluation
Authors: Basnet Sweta , Wroblewski Kristen , Hansen Elizabeth , Perez Ernestina , Lyu Ruobing , Abid Zain , Roach Alexis , Latham Catina , Salibi Nadia , Battle Brenda , Giles Louise 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo address pediatric asthma disparities on the South Side of Chicago, a community health worker (CHW) home visiting intervention was implemented collaboratively by academic institutions and community based health centers. This evaluation assessed the effectiveness of this longitudinal quality improvement CHW intervention in reducing asthma morbidity and healthcare utilization. All patients aged 2–18 who met the high-risk clinical criteria in outpatient settings or those who visited the ED due to asthma were offered the program. A within-subject study design analyzed asthma morbidity and healthcare utilization at baseline and follow-up. Multivariable mixed-effects regression models, adjusted for baseline demographic and asthma characteristics, were used to assess changes over time. Among 123 patients, the average age was 8.8 (4.4) years, and 89.3% were non-Hispanic black. Significant reductions were observed in the average daytime symptoms days (baseline 4.1 days and follow-up 1.6 days), night-time symptoms days (3.0 days and 1.2 days), and days requiring rescue medication (4.1 days and 1.6 days) in the past two weeks (all p < 0.001). The average number of emergency department visits decreased from 0.92 one year before to 0.44 one year after program participation, a 52% reduction (p < 0.001). No significant difference was found in hospital admissions. These results support the use of a collaborative approach to implement the CHW home visiting program as part of standard care for pediatric asthma patients in urban settings. This approach has the potential to reduce asthma disparities and underscores the valuable role of CHWs within the clinical care team.
Griffiths-Type Theorems for Short-Range Spin Glass Models
Authors: Itoi Chigak , Mukaida Hisamitsu , Tasaki Hal 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe establish relations between different characterizations of order in spin glass models. We first prove that the broadening of the replica overlap distribution indicated by a nonzero standard deviation of the replica overlap $$R^{1,2}$$

R

1
,
2

implies the non-differentiability of the two-replica free energy with respect to the replica coupling parameter $$\lambda $$
λ
. In $${\mathbb {Z}}_2$$

Z
2

invariant models such as the standard Edwards–Anderson model, the non-differentiability is equivalent to the spin glass order characterized by a nonzero Edwards–Anderson order parameter. This generalization of Griffiths’ theorem is proved for any short-range spin glass models with classical bounded spins. We also prove that the non-differentiability of the two-replica free energy mentioned above implies replica symmetry breaking in the literal sense, i.e., a spontaneous breakdown of the permutation symmetry in the model with three replicas. This is a general result that applies to a large class of random spin models, including long-range models such as the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model and the random energy model. There is a 25-minute video that explains the main results of the present work:https://youtu.be/BF3hJiY1xvI
Seizing and freezing to life outcomes: Need for cognitive closure intensifies affective reactions to major events
Authors: Cha Seung Eun , Ku Xyle , Lee Soeun Sarah , Choi Incheol 
Published: February 2024

AbstractResearch shows that significant well-being disparities emerge between individuals who experience major negative events and those who undergo major positive events. However, such differences may vary among individuals. Drawing from the theory of the need for cognitive closure (NFC), we theorize and test whether NFC, which captures seizing and freezing on salient information to reach a fast conclusion, intensifies the differences in affective well-being between those who experience negative or positive events. Across three studies (total N = 2,399), we provide converging evidence that supports our theoretical claim. We first found that participants with high (vs. low) NFC show a greater affective well-being gap between those who recalled their past negative and positive major events (Study 1). We also discovered consistent patterns when participants were provided with negative or positive major event scenarios (Study 2). Lastly, we further substantiated our findings by utilizing a longitudinal study of the 20th presidential election in South Korea (Study 3). Over a 6-week period, the well-being gaps between the supporters of the election winner and the runner-up were more pronounced among individuals with higher NFC. Overall, our findings have implications for identifying a novel psychological trait that influences the affective well-being gaps following significant events in one’s life.
Benefit-Cost Analysis of Nonprofit Cataract Surgery Services: A Social Return on Investment Approach at the Mexican Institute of Ophthalmology
Authors: Aleman-Castilla Benjamin , Ochoa-Ramírez Paola , López-Star Ellery , Dahik Loor Ana Cristina , Espinosa-Vega Daniela , Sánchez-Huerta Valeria 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCataract is the primary cause of treatable blindness in low- and middle-income countries. Due to limited resources, the public sector often fails to provide adequate services, resulting in long waiting times, low quality or significant quantity gaps. Nonprofits are crucial in providing supplementary or complementary funding and resources for affordable eye care and other public goods and services. This study evaluates costs and benefits of cataract surgery at the nonprofit Mexican Institute of Ophthalmology (IMO) using data from interviews conducted in 2022 to estimate its social return. For every peso invested, the average stakeholder receives a 12:1 return in improved autonomy, self-confidence, and reduced stress levels. Sensitivity analysis suggests a SROI ratio of at least 2:1 in the most restrictive scenario, increasing to 33:1 under more lenient assumptions. Measuring and communicating the social value of nonprofit activities is critical for optimizing resource allocation, enhancing accountability, and generating valuable insights into their effectiveness.
Diabetes mellitus in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: a post hoc analysis from the WARCEF trial
Authors: Romiti Giulio Francesco , Nabrdalik Katarzyna , Corica Bernadette , Bucci Tommaso , Proietti Marco , Qian Min , Chen Yineng , Thompson John L. P. , Homma Shunichi , Lip Gregory Y. H. ,   the WARCEF Investigators
Published: February 2024

AbstractPatients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and diabetes mellitus (DM) have an increased risk of adverse events, including thromboembolism. In this analysis, we aimed to explore the association between DM and HFrEF using data from the “Warfarin versus Aspirin in Reduced Cardiac Ejection Fraction” (WARCEF) trial. We analyzed factors associated with DM using multiple logistic regression models and evaluated the effect of DM on long-term prognosis, through adjusted Cox regressions. The primary outcome was the composite of all-cause death, ischemic stroke, or intracerebral hemorrhage; we explored individual components as the secondary outcomes and the interaction between treatment (warfarin or aspirin) and DM on the risk of the primary outcome, stratified by relevant characteristics. Of 2294 patients (mean age 60.8 (SD 11.3) years, 19.9% females) included in this analysis, 722 (31.5%) had DM. On logistic regression, cardiovascular comorbidities, symptoms and ethnicity were associated with DM at baseline, while age and body mass index showed a nonlinear association. Patients with DM had a higher risk of the primary composite outcome (Hazard Ratio [HR] and 95% Confidence Intervals [CI]: 1.48 [1.24–1.77]), as well as all-cause death (HR [95%CI]: 1.52 [1.25–1.84]). As in prior analyses, no statistically significant interaction was observed between DM and effect of Warfarin on the risk of the primary outcome, in any of the subgroups explored. In conclusion, we found that DM is common in HFrEF patients, and is associated with other cardiovascular comorbidities and risk factors, and with a worse prognosis.