bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Treatment and Self-Management Methods: Perspectives and Decisions of Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: DuBois Kelli E. , Blake Christine E. , Rudisill Caroline , Harrison Sayward E. , Hébert James R. 
Published: April 2024

Patients with Ulcerative Colitis (UC) seek a variety of methods to manage the physical and psychosocial burdens of illness on daily life. This study examines how individuals with UC: (1) utilize treatment and self-management methods and (2) make decisions regarding their use of these methods throughout the disease course. Adults living with UC ≥5 years and experienced ≥1 disease flare, participated in individual, semi-structured qualitative interviews. Transcripts were thematically analyzed using a constant comparative approach in NVivo12®. Participants (N = 21) described their decisions to utilize medical, lifestyle, and complementary methods, which were shaped by sources of information, attitudes toward self-management, and personal motivations. The poor quality of life associated with the daily burden of living with UC emerged as a primary motive for exploration and utilization of treatment and management methods. Participants reported primarily utilizing treatment and management methods as reactive responses to flares instead of preventive measures. Results provide insight into patient decision-making and may inform individualized patient care, improve patient–provider communication, and guide interdisciplinary efforts to support self-management among patients with UC. Findings highlight a need for greater focus on promoting preventive self-management lifestyle behaviors to protect against disease activity and progressive impairment.
Biomechanical Stability of Third-Generation Adjustable Suture Loop Devices Versus Continuous Loop Button Device for Cortical Fixation of ACL Tendon Grafts
Authors: Deichsel Adrian , Leibrandt Lara , Raschke Michael J. , Klimek Matthias , Oeckenpöhler Simon , Herbst Elmar , Kittl Christoph , Glasbrenner Johannes 
Published: April 2024

Background: Concerns regarding the primary stability of early adjustable loop button (ALB) devices for cortical fixation of tendon grafts in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) have led to the development of new implant designs. Purpose: To evaluate biomechanical stability of recent ALB implants in comparison with a continuous loop button (CLB) device. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: ACLR was performed in a porcine model (n = 40) using 2-strand porcine flexor tendons with a diameter of 8 mm. Three ALB devices (Infinity Button [ALB1 group]; Tightrope II RT [ALB2 group]; A-TACK [ALB3 group]) and 1 CLB device (FlippTack with polyethylene suture) were used for cortical tendon graft fixation. Cyclic loading (1000 cycles up to 250 N) with complete unloading were applied to the free end of the tendon graft using a uniaxial testing machine, followed by load to failure. Elongation, stiffness, yield load, and ultimate failure load were recorded and compared between the groups using a Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc Dunn correction. Results: Elongation after 1000 cycles at 250 N was similar between groups (ALB1, 4.5 ± 0.7 mm; ALB2, 4.8 ± 0.8 mm; ALB3, 4.5 ± 0.6 mm; CLB, 4.5 ± 0.8 mm), as was load to failure (ALB1, 838 ± 109 N; ALB2, 930 ± 89 N; ALB3, 809 ± 103 N; CLB, 842 ± 80 N). Stiffness was significantly higher in the ALB1 group compared with the CLB group (262.3 ± 21.6 vs 229.3 ± 15.1 N/mm; P < .05). No significant difference was found between the 4 groups regarding yield load. Constructs failed either by rupture of the loop, breakage of the button, or rupture of the tendon. Conclusion: The tested third-generation ALB devices for cortical fixation in ACLR withstood cyclic loading with complete unloading without significant differences to a CLB device. Clinical Relevance: The third-generation ALB devices tested in the present study provided biomechanical stability comparable with that of a CLB device. Furthermore, ultimate failure loads of all tested implants exceeded the loads expected to occur in the postoperative period after ACLR.
A Medical Student Obstetric Curriculum Consisting of Online Modules and a Normal Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery Simulation Exercise
Authors: Abraham Cynthia 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE In many medical schools, students are exposed to obstetrics for 2 weeks during the third-year obstetrics and gynecology clerkship. Hence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a curriculum combining online obstetric modules and a normal spontaneous vaginal delivery (NSVD) simulation on medical student knowledge and comfort pertaining to obstetrics at the start of the clerkship. METHODS Students completed the curriculum at the start of the clerkship. They completed questionnaires before and after each module and the simulation. The questionnaires assessed knowledge, management comfort level, and satisfaction with module/simulation. Comfort level and satisfaction scores were based on a 1–5 Likert scale (1 = very uncomfortable/unfavorable, 5 = very comfortable/favorable). Satisfaction scores for online modules were compared with those for a historical cohort of traditional lectures on the same topics. Students also rated satisfaction with the curriculum. RESULTS Sixty students participated. Mean knowledge and comfort scores significantly increased from 7.2 to 9.2 ( P < .001) and from 2.7 to 3.9 ( P < .001) before and after the modules, respectively. Although satisfaction scores for traditional lectures were significantly higher than for online modules (4.7 vs. 4.4, P < .001), online modules were still favorably received. Mean satisfaction score for the NSVD simulation was 4.8. Overall, satisfaction score for the curriculum was 4.5. DISCUSSION An obstetric curriculum consisting of online modules and simulation significantly increases medical student learner knowledge and comfort and is associated with a high level of satisfaction.
Physical activity during COVID-19 in people with systemic sclerosis: A Scleroderma Patient-centred Intervention Network COVID-19 Cohort longitudinal study
Authors: Wurz Amanda , Henry Richard S , Kwakkenbos Linda , Carrier Marie-Eve , Patten Scott B , Bartlett Susan J , Mouthon Luc , Varga John , Benedetti Andrea , Culos-Reed S Nicole , Thombs Brett D 
Published: April 2024

Introduction/Objective: People with systemic sclerosis (SSc) face barriers to physical activity. Few studies have described physical activity in SSc, and none have explored physical activity longitudinally during COVID-19. We evaluated physical activity from April 2020 to March 2022 among people with SSc. Methods: The Scleroderma Patient-centred Intervention Network (SPIN) COVID-19 Cohort was launched in April 2020 and included participants from the ongoing SPIN Cohort plus external enrolees. Participants completed measures bi-weekly through July 2020, then every 4 weeks afterwards (28 assessments). Physical activity was assessed via the self-reported International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Elderly. Analyses included estimated means with 95% confidence intervals for physical activity across assessments. Missing data were imputed for main analyses. Sensitivity analyses included evaluating only participants who completed >90% of items for >21 of 28 possible assessments (‘completers’) and stratified analyses by sex, age, country and SSc subtype. Results: A total of 800 people with SSc enrolled. Mean age was 55.6 (standard deviation (SD) = 12.6) years. Physical activity significantly decreased from April 2020 to March 2021 (standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.26 to −0.07) and was stable from March 2021 to March 2022 (SMD = −0.05, 95% CI = −0.15 to 0.05). Results were similar for completers and subgroups. The proportion of participants who met World Health Organization minimum physical activity recommendations of at least 150 min of moderate-to-vigorous activity per week ranged from 63% to 82% across assessments. Conclusion: Physical activity decreased by a relatively small amount, on average, across the pandemic. Most participants met recommended physical activity levels.
Consequences of erroneous reporting and interpretation of positive antibody screen in Rhesus (Rh) negative pregnancy: A report of two cases
Authors: Bengtsson Bengt-Ola S , van Houten John P 
Published: April 2024

Background Rhesus (Rh) D Immunoglobulin (RhIG), ( Rhogam®) is indicated for all pregnant Rh-negative women at 28 weeks of gestation followed by a second dose within 72 h after birth if the newborn is Rh-positive and it reduces the risk for Rh alloimmunization of the mother from 13%–16% to 0.1%–0.2%. Methods Retrospective review of causes and outcomes of two cases of Rh-induced hemolytic disease of the newborn (Rh-HDN) at our institution. Results The determination of passive anti-D from RhIG versus active anti-D from maternal sensitization and subsequent management, relies entirely on a reliable history of prior and timely RhIG administration in the mother. Conclusion These two cases illustrate the importance of communication (and the detriment of the lack thereof) between blood bank and maternal—and neonatal care providers in the prevention—and management of Rh-HDN.
Impacts of longitudinal water curtain cooling system on transcriptome-related immunity in ducks
Authors: Hu Qian , Zhang Tao , He Hua , Pu Fajun , Zhang Rongping , Li Liang , Hu Jiwei , Bai Lili , Han Chunchun , Wang Jiwen , Liu Hehe 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The closed poultry houses integrated with a longitudinal water curtain cooling system (LWCCS) are widely used in modern poultry production. This study showed the variations in environmental conditions in closed houses integrated with a longitudinal water curtain cooling system. We evaluated the influence of different environmental conditions on duck growth performance and the transcriptome changes of immune organs, including the bursa of Fabricius and the spleen.

Result
This study investigated the slaughter indicators and immune organ transcriptomes of 52-day-old Cherry Valley ducks by analyzing the LWCC at different locations (water curtain end, middle position, and fan cooling end). The results showed that the cooling effect of the LWCCS was more evident from 10:00 a.m. -14:00. And from the water curtain end to the fan cooling end, the hourly average temperature differently decreased by 0.310℃, 0.450℃, 0.480℃, 0.520℃, and 0.410℃, respectively (P < 0.05). The daily and hourly average relative humidity decreased from the water curtain end to the fan cooling end, dropping by 7.500% and 8.200%, respectively (P < 0.01). We also observed differences in production performance, such as dressing weight, half-eviscerated weight, skin fat rate, and percentage of abdominal fat (P < 0.01), which may have been caused by environmental conditions. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed 211 and 279 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the ducks’ bursa of Fabricius and spleen compared between the water curtain end and fan cooling end, respectively. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of the two organs showed the DEGs were mainly enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, integral component of membrane, Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) signaling pathway, etc. Our results implied that full-closed poultry houses integrated with LWCCS could potentially alter micro-environments (water curtain vs. fan cooling), resulting in ducks experiencing various stressful situations that eventually affect their immunity and production performance.

Conclusion
In this study, our results indicated that uneven distributions of longitudinal environmental factors caused by LWCCS would affect the dressed weight, breast muscle weight, skin fat rate, and other product performance. Moreover, the expression of immune-related genes in the spleen and bursa of ducks could be affected by the LWCCS. This provides a new reference to optimize the use of LWCCS in conjunction with close duck houses in practical production.
Haplotype-resolved genome of Mimosa bimucronata revealed insights into leaf movement and nitrogen fixation
Authors: Jia Haifeng , Lin Jishan , Lin Zhicong , Wang Yibin , Xu Liangwei , Ding Wenjie , Ming Ray 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Mimosa bimucronata originates from tropical America and exhibits distinctive leaf movement characterized by a relative slow speed. Additionally, this species possesses the ability to fix nitrogen. Despite these intriguing traits, comprehensive studies have been hindered by the lack of genomic resources for M. bimucronata.

Results
To unravel the intricacies of leaf movement and nitrogen fixation, we successfully assembled a high-quality, haplotype-resolved, reference genome at the chromosome level, spanning 648 Mb and anchored in 13 pseudochromosomes. A total of 32,146 protein-coding genes were annotated. In particular, haplotype A was annotated with 31,035 protein-coding genes, and haplotype B with 31,440 protein-coding genes. Structural variations (SVs) and allele specific expression (ASE) analyses uncovered the potential role of structural variants in leaf movement and nitrogen fixation in M. bimucronata. Two whole-genome duplication (WGD) events were detected, that occurred ~ 2.9 and ~ 73.5 million years ago. Transcriptome and co-expression network analyses revealed the involvement of aquaporins (AQPs) and Ca2+-related ion channel genes in leaf movement. Moreover, we also identified nodulation-related genes and analyzed the structure and evolution of the key gene NIN in the process of symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF).

Conclusion
The detailed comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses provided insights into the mechanisms governing leaf movement and nitrogen fixation in M. bimucronata. This research yielded genomic resources and provided an important reference for functional genomic studies of M. bimucronata and other legume species.
Combined sensory, volatilome and transcriptome analyses identify a limonene terpene synthase as a major contributor to the characteristic aroma of a Coffea arabica L. specialty coffee
Authors: Marie Lison , Breitler Jean-Christophe , Bamogo Pingdwende Kader Aziz , Bordeaux Mélanie , Lacombe Séverine , Rios Maëlle , Lebrun Marc , Boulanger Renaud , Lefort Eveline , Nakamura Sunao , Motoyoshi Yudai , Mieulet Delphine , Campa Claudine , Legendre Laurent , Bertrand Benoît 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The fruity aromatic bouquet of coffee has attracted recent interest to differentiate high value market produce as specialty coffee. Although the volatile compounds present in green and roasted coffee beans have been extensively described, no study has yet linked varietal molecular differences to the greater abundance of specific substances and support the aroma specificity of specialty coffees.

Results
This study compared four Arabica genotypes including one, Geisha Especial, suggested to generate specialty coffee. Formal sensory evaluations of coffee beverages stressed the importance of coffee genotype in aroma perception and that Geisha Especial-made coffee stood out by having fine fruity, and floral, aromas and a more balanced acidity. Comparative SPME–GC–MS analyses of green and roasted bean volatile compounds indicated that those of Geisha Especial differed by having greater amounts of limonene and 3-methylbutanoic acid in agreement with the coffee cup aroma perception. A search for gene ontology differences of ripening beans transcriptomes of the four varieties revealed that they differed by metabolic processes linked to terpene biosynthesis due to the greater gene expression of prenyl-pyrophosphate biosynthetic genes and terpene synthases. Only one terpene synthase (CaTPS10-like) had an expression pattern that paralleled limonene loss during the final stage of berry ripening and limonene content in the studied four varieties beans. Its functional expression in tobacco leaves confirmed its functioning as a limonene synthase.

Conclusions
Taken together, these data indicate that coffee variety genotypic specificities may influence ripe berry chemotype and final coffee aroma unicity. For the specialty coffee variety Geisha Especial, greater expression of terpene biosynthetic genes including CaTPS10-like, a limonene synthase, resulted in the greater abundance of limonene in green beans, roasted beans and a unique citrus note of the coffee drink.
Anticipatory prescribing of injectable controlled drugs (ICDs) in care homes: a qualitative observational study of staff role, uncertain dying and hospital transfer at the end-of-life
Authors: Teggi Diana , Woodthorpe Kate 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The anticipatory prescribing of injectable controlled drugs (ICDs) by general practitioners (GPs) to care home residents is common practice and is believed to reduce emergency hospital transfers at the end-of-life. However, evidence about the process of ICD prescribing and how it affects residents’ hospital transfer is limited. The study examined how care home nurses and senior carers (senior staff) describe their role in ICDs prescribing and identify that role to affect residents’ hospital transfers at the end-of-life.

Methods
1,440 h of participant observation in five care homes in England between May 2019 and March 2020. Semi-structured interviews with a range of staff. Interviews (n = 25) and fieldnotes (2,761 handwritten A5 pages) were analysed thematically.

Results
Senior staff request GPs to prescribe ICDs ahead of residents’ expected death and review prescribed ICDs for as long as residents survive. Senior staff use this mechanism to ascertain the clinical appropriateness of withholding potentially life-extending emergency care (which usually led to hospital transfer) and demonstrate safe care provision to GPs certifying the medical cause of death. This enables senior staff to facilitate a care home death for residents experiencing uncertain dying trajectories.

Conclusion
Senior staff use GPs’ prescriptions and reviews of ICDs to pre-empt hospital transfers at the end-of-life. Policy should indicate a clear timeframe for ICD review to make hospital transfer avoidance less reliant on trust between senior staff and GPs. The timeframe should match the period before death allowing GPs to certify death without triggering a Coroner’s referral.
Renal interstitial fibrotic assessment using non-Gaussian diffusion kurtosis imaging in a rat model of hyperuricemia
Authors: Chen Ping-Kang , Cheng Zhong-Yuan , Wang Ya-Lin , Xu Bao-Jun , Yu Zong-Chao , Li Zhao-Xia , Gong Shang-Ao , Zhang Feng-Tao , Qian Long , Cui Wei , Feng You-Zhen , Cai Xiang-Ran 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the feasibility of Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging (DKI) in assessing renal interstitial fibrosis induced by hyperuricemia.MethodsA hyperuricemia rat model was established, and the rats were randomly split into the hyperuricemia (HUA), allopurinol (AP), and AP + empagliflozin (AP + EM) groups (n = 19 per group). Also, the normal rats were selected as controls (CON,n = 19). DKI was performed before treatment (baseline) and on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 days after treatment. The DKI indicators, including mean kurtosis (MK), fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean diffusivity (MD) of the cortex (CO), outer stripe of the outer medulla (OS), and inner stripe of the outer medulla (IS) were acquired. Additionally, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Masson trichrome staining, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) immunostaining were used to reveal renal histopathological changes at baseline, 1, 5, and 9 days after treatment.ResultsThe HUA, AP, and AP + EM group MKOSand MKISvalues gradually increased during this study. The HUA group exhibited the highest MK value in outer medulla. Except for the CON group, all the groups showed a decreasing trend in the FA and MD values of outer medulla. The HUA group exhibited the lowest FA and MD values. The MKOSand MKISvalues were positively correlated with Masson’s trichrome staining results (r = 0.687,P < 0.001 andr = 0.604,P = 0.001, respectively). The MDOSand FAISwere negatively correlated with Masson’s trichrome staining (r = -626,P < 0.0014 andr = -0.468,P = 0.01, respectively).ConclusionDKI may be a non-invasive method for monitoring renal interstitial fibrosis induced by hyperuricemia.
Heavy metal association with chronic kidney disease of unknown cause in central India-results from a case-control study
Authors: Atlani Mahendra , Kumar Ashok , Ahirwar Rajesh , Meenu M. N. , Goel Sudhir K. , Kumari Ravita , Anirudhan Athira , Vallamshetla Saikrishna , Reddy G. Sai Tharun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Chronic Kidney Disease of unknown cause (CKDu) a disease of exclusion, and remains unexplained in various parts of the world, including India. Previous studies have reported mixed findings about the role of heavy metals or agrochemicals in CKDu. These studies compared CKDu with healthy controls but lacked subjects with CKD as controls. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis whether heavy metals, i.e. Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), and Chromium (Cr) are associated with CKDu, in central India.

Methods
The study was conducted in a case-control manner at a tertiary care hospital. CKDu cases (n = 60) were compared with CKD (n = 62) and healthy subjects (n = 54). Blood and urine levels of As, Cd, Pb, and Cr were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma- Optical Emission Spectrometry. Pesticide use, painkillers, smoking, and alcohol addiction were also evaluated. The median blood and urine metal levels were compared among the groups by the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test.

Results
CKDu had significantly higher pesticide and surface water usage as a source of drinking water. Blood As levels (median, IQR) were significantly higher in CKDu 91.97 (1.3–132.7) µg/L compared to CKD 4.5 (0.0–58.8) µg/L and healthy subjects 39.01 (4.8–67.4) µg/L (p < 0.001) On multinominal regression age and sex adjusted blood As was independently associated with CKDu[ OR 1.013 (95%CI 1.003–1.024) P < .05].Blood and urinary Cd, Pb, and Cr were higher in CKD compared to CKDu (p > .05). Urinary Cd, Pb and Cr were undetectable in healthy subjects and were significantly higher in CKDu and CKD compared to healthy subjects (P = < 0.001). There was a significant correlation of Cd, Pb and Cr in blood and urine with each other in CKDu and CKD subjects as compared to healthy subjects. Surface water use also associated with CKDu [OR 3.178 (95%CI 1.029–9.818) p < .05).

Conclusion
The study showed an independent association of age and sex adjusted blood As with CKDu in this Indian cohort. Subjects with renal dysfunction (CKDu and CKD) were found to have significantly higher metal burden of Pb, Cd, As, and Cr as compared to healthy controls. CKDu subjects had significantly higher pesticide and surface water usage, which may be the source of differential As exposure in these subjects.