bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of erythropoietin on cognitive impairment and prefrontal cortex activity across affective disorders: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Macoveanu Julian , Petersen Jeff Zarp , Mariegaard Johanna , Jespersen Andreas Elleby , Cramer Katrine , Bruun Caroline Fussing , Madsen Helle Østergaard , Jørgensen Martin Balslev , Vinberg Maj , Fisher Patrick M , Knudsen Gitte Moos , Hageman Ida , Ehrenreich Hannelore , Kessing Lars Vedel , Miskowiak Kamilla Woznica 
Published: March 2024

Background: Persistent cognitive impairment is frequent across bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), highlighting an urgent need for pro-cognitive treatments. Aim: This study investigated effects of erythropoietin (EPO) on cognitive impairment and dorsal prefrontal cortex (dPFC) activity in affective disorders. Methods: In this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, cognitively impaired patients with remitted BD or MDD received 1 weekly recombinant human EPO (40,000 IU/mL) or saline infusion for a 12-week period. Assessments were conducted at baseline, after 2 weeks of treatment (week 3), immediately after treatment (week 13) and at 6-months follow-up. Participants underwent functional MRI during performance on a n-back working memory (WM) task at baseline and week 3, and for a subgroup 6 weeks post-treatment (week 18). The primary outcome was a cognitive composite score at week 13, whereas secondary outcomes comprised sustained attention and functioning. WM-related dPFC activity was a tertiary outcome. Results: Data were analysed for 101 of the 103 included patients (EPO, n = 58; saline, n = 43). There were no effects of EPO over saline on any cognitive or functional outcomes or on WM-related dPFC activity. Conclusions: The absence of treatment-related changes in cognition and neural activity was unexpected and contrasts with multiple previous preclinical and clinical studies. It is possible that the lack of effects resulted from a recent change in the manufacturing process for EPO. Nevertheless, the findings support the validity of dPFC target engagement as a biomarker model for pro-cognitive effects, according to which treatments that do not improve cognition should not modulate dPFC activity. Trial registrations: EudraCT no.: 2016–004023-24; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03315897.
Effects of discontinuation of serotonergic antidepressants prior to psilocybin therapy versus escitalopram for major depression
Authors: Erritzoe David , Barba Tommaso , Spriggs Meg J , Rosas Fernando E , Nutt David J , Carhart-Harris Robin 
Published: March 2024

Background: There is growing evidence for the therapeutic effects of the psychedelic drug psilocybin for major depression. However, due to the lack of safety data on combining psilocybin with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and concerns that there may be a negative interaction on efficacy, participants enrolling in psychedelic trials are usually required to discontinue SNRI/SNRIs prior to enrolling. Aims: Using data from a recent clinical trial examining the comparative efficacy the psychedelic drug psilocybin (P) combined with approximately 20 h of psychological support to a 6-week (daily) course of the SSRI escitalopram plus matched psychological support for major depressive disorder, we explored the effects of discontinuing SSRI/SNRIs prior to study enrolment on study outcomes. Methods: Exploratory post hoc analyses using linear mixed effects model were performed to investigate the discontinuation effect on various validated depression symptom severity scales and well-being. The impact of SSRI/SNRIs discontinuation on the acute psychedelic experience was also explored. Results/outcomes: In the psilocybin group, there was a reduced treatment effect on all outcome measures for SSRI/SNRIs discontinuers compared with unmedicated patients at trial entry. However, no effects of discontinuation on measures of the acute psychedelic experience were found. Conclusion: Discontinuation of SSRI/SNRIs before psilocybin might diminish response to treatment; however, as we did not test SSRI/SNRI continuation in our trial, we cannot infer such causation. Moreover, the exploratory nature of the analyses makes them hypothesis generating, and not confirmatory. A controlled trial of SSRI/SNRI discontinuation versus continuation prior to psilocybin is urgently required.
Etiological characteristics of acute respiratory infections during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Guizhou Province, China
Authors: Fu Xue , Long Ming-Wang , Ye Zhen-Xuan , Li Hong-Mei , Zhang Hai-Yan , He Yu , Yang Bi-Wei , Xu Bo , Zhang Hua 
Published: March 2024

Objective Acute respiratory infections are a major global public health concern. However, there are few epidemiological studies investigating pathogens associated with respiratory tract infections in Guizhou Province, China. Methods We collected 17,850 blood samples from Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital between November 2018 and May 2023 to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory pathogens and their spread during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Guizhou Province. Results We identified influenza virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae as the predominant pathogens involved in acute respiratory infections in the study area. Immunoglobulin M positivity for respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, and M. pneumoniae showed a strong correlation with the clinical diagnosis of pneumonia. Seasonal epidemic patterns were observed for influenza A and B viruses. Following the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, there was a significant decrease in the positive rates for most respiratory pathogens, particularly influenza A and B, Legionella pneumophila, and respiratory syncytial virus. Conclusion This retrospective study contributes to the epidemiological evidence regarding respiratory pathogens in Guizhou Province, thereby enhancing the surveillance network for respiratory pathogens in China and providing valuable guidance for local hospitals.
Are adverse events during surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia device related? A review of the MAUDE database
Authors: Heidenberg Daniel J , Nethery Ethan , Wymer Kevin M , Judge Nathanael , Cheney Scott M , Stern Karen L , Humphreys Mitchell R 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience database contains anonymous, voluntary medical device reports. A review of device-related adverse events associated with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia surgeries was completed. The objective was to evaluate the occurrence and contributing factors to clinically significant complications in a cohort of patients electing to undergo surgical intervention for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Methods: The Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience database was queried for “Aquablation, Greenlight Laser, Holmium Laser, Morcellator, Water Vapor Thermal Therapy, Loop Resection, and Prostatic Urethral Lift” from 2018 through 2021. A complication classification system (Level I–IV) based on the Clavien-Dindo system was used to categorize events. These events were then correlated with procedural technology malfunctions and classified as “device related” and “non-device related.” Chi squared analysis was performed to identify associations between procedural technology and complication classification distribution. Results: A total of 873 adverse events were identified. The adverse events were classified into level I (minimal harm) versus levels II–IV (clinically significant). Aquablation ( p < 0.017) and Water Vapor Thermal Therapy ( p < 0.012) were associated with a higher proportion of reports with Level II-IV complications compared with other procedure types. Level II-IV complications were not associated with a reported device related malfunction. Conclusions: Aquablation and water vapor thermal therapy demonstrated noteworthy clinically significant complications which were not driven by device-related malfunctions.
COVID-19 and emerging adults in India: A social representation approach
Authors: Pathak Vrushali , Kharshiing Korsi Dorene , Shahnawaz Mohammad Ghazi 
Published: March 2024

The outbreak and rapid spread of the novel coronavirus disease or COVID-19 had health, social and economic ramifications for people worldwide. Using the framework of Social Representation Theory, the present research attempts to understand how emerging adults (18–29 years) made sense of the COVID-19 outbreak, the role of collectives (organizations) in managing it, and the evolution of this understanding over time. The function of this theoretical perspective in the present study is to help make sense of the COVID-19 pandemic as a threatening event and in the process understand if responsibility or blame is attributed to specific collectives. Data was collected in two phases, from ten participants (four males and six females), aged 18–29 years residing in India. Semi-structured interviews were used to generate data. Findings have been discussed as ‘sociogenesis of COVID-19’, ‘role of collectives: heroes, villains, or on the fence’, ‘collective symbolic coping: making sense of collective threats’, and ‘the next normal: learnings from COVID-19). Finally, this study would have implications for research on social representation and its evolution, especially of emerging infectious diseases and the representation of collectives may also be used to reevaluate health policies and get better prepared for future emergencies.
Prévalence et facteurs associés à la co-consommation d’alcool et de tabac dans la commune de Natitingou, Bénin
Authors: N’Tcha Koffi , Houeto David , Sambieni N’koué Emmanuel 
Published: March 2024

Introduction : La consommation d’alcool et la consommation de tabac entraînent chacune des risques importants pour la santé. L’objectif de cette étude était d’étudier la prévalence de la co-consommation d’alcool et de tabac ainsi que les facteurs associés dans la commune de Natitingou en 2016. Méthodes : Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale à caractère analytique. L’enquête s’est déroulée en octobre 2016 et a porté sur un échantillon de 270 sujets. Elle a été menée selon une technique de sondage aléatoire à plusieurs degrés. Les données collectées ont été analysées avec le logiciel R. Résultats : Sur les 270 sujets interrogés, 72,2 % étaient des hommes. L’âge moyen était de 30,7 ± 9,2 ans. La prévalence de la co-consommation était de 33,7 % [IC95% : 28,1 %–39,7 %]). Les facteurs associés à la co-consommation d’alcool et de tabac étaient : le sexe masculin (ORa = 2,1 ; p = 0,023), la dipsomanie (ORa = 1,4 ; p = 0,032), le fait d’avoir des amis buveurs ou fumeurs (ORa = 2,8 ; p = 0,004), le fait de suivre les publicités des médias sur les boissons alcoolisées (ORa = 1,9 ; p = 0,029) et le faible coût /accessibilité des deux substances (ORa = 2,1 ; p = 0,011). Conclusion : Cette étude a montré qu’il est important de dépasser la prévention centrée sur la personne qui consiste à sensibiliser et à prendre en charge pour adopter des mesures de prévention structurelle (notamment législatives).
Status of the Health Promoting University (HPU) globally and its relevance for emerging African HPUs: an integrative review and bibliometric analysis
Authors: Tafireyi Cecil G. S. , Grace Jeanne M. 
Published: March 2024

Background: The Health Promoting Universities (HPU) concept is undertheorized, with no African university belonging to the International Network of Health Promoting Universities (IHPU). Aim: The study aimed to investigate the status of the HPU concept globally to inform emerging HPUs, more specifically in Africa, regarding its implementation. Methods: An integrative literature review of studies conducted between 1 January 2013 and 5 November 2023 was conducted from online databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, CINAHL and Medline). A VOS bibliometric analysis viewer was used to extract and analyze further relevant information that could have been missed in the review. Results: From 1128 records, 22 ( N = 22) articles including two reports met the inclusion criteria. The main findings were that: (1) the HPU network is growing as a global network though undertheorized and less reported on, (2) the implementation of the HPU depends on a plethora of underpinning philosophies such as salutogenic and whole systems approach, and diverse programs and initiatives, 3) the terms HPU and healthy universities are often used interchangeably but the whole systems approach appears to be consistent in many HPU interventions. However, five contextual challenges that emanated from this review were discussed, including the definition of the HPU concept, theories for the HPU concept, measurement of the HPU concept, coordination and methods for measuring the HPU concept status. These challenges present obstacles to measuring the status of the HPU concept beyond the number of affiliated universities and HPU initiatives. Conclusion: Despite the challenges, the HPU concept is gaining momentum globally, as evidenced by the growing list of universities (HPU network) involved and the proliferation of interventions/initiatives targeting university students.
Opinions of UK General Dental Practitioners on the Restoration of Posterior Root Filled Teeth: a Vignette Survey
Authors: Kasperek Dariusz , Haque Afzal , Albadri Sondos , Jarad Fadi 
Published: March 2024

Objective: To investigate factors which influence UK general dental practitioners (GDPs) when restoring posterior root filled teeth. Method: An electronic survey was designed to explore current strategies of treatment of posterior root filled teeth by UK-based GDPs working in primary care. Three vignette cases included in the questionnaire explored a variety of tooth, patient, and financial factors. The survey was distributed by email and social media platforms between December 2018 and February 2019. Results: A total of 528 valid responses were collected. The majority of participants (84.1%) regularly restored posterior root filled teeth with an indirect restoration. Presence of persistent symptoms post root canal treatment (RCT) completion would impact the management of 85% of the surveyed respondents. Referral to a specialist, deferral of provision of the definitive restoration, and fear of litigation were reported by the GDPs as influencing factors. Conclusion: This survey highlights that decision making regarding restoration of root filled teeth is a multifactorial process. Tooth, patient, and financial factors were all shown to influence the restorative management of the posterior root filled teeth.
Combined sedation in pediatric magnetic resonance imaging: determination of median effective dose of intranasal dexmedetomidine combined with oral midazolam
Authors: Xie Hao , Zhao Jialian , Tu Haiya , Wang Wenyang , Hu Yaoqin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The exact median effective dose (ED50) of intranasal dexmedetomidine combined with oral midazolam sedation for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination in children remains unknow and the aim of this study was to determine the ED50 of their combination.

Methods
This is a prospective dose-finding study. A total of 53 children aged from 2 months to 6 years scheduled for MRI examination from February 2023 to April 2023 were randomly divided into group D (to determine the ED50 of intranasal dexmedetomidine) and group M (to determine the ED50 of oral midazolam). The dosage of dexmedetomidine and midazolam was adjusted according to the modified Dixon’s up-and-down method, and the ED50 was calculated with a probit regression approach.

Results
The ED50 of intranasal dexmedetomidine when combined with 0.5 mg∙kg− 1 oral midazolam was 0.39 µg∙kg− 1 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30 to 0.46 µg∙kg− 1] while the ED50 of oral midazolam was 0.17 mg∙kg− 1 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.29 mg∙kg− 1) when combined with 1 µg∙kg− 1 intranasal dexmedetomidine. The sedation onset time of children with successful sedation in group D was longer than in group M (30.0[25.0, 38.0]vs 19.5[15.0, 35.0] min, P < 0.05). No other adverse effects were observed in the day and 24 h after medication except one dysphoria.

Conclusion
This drug combination sedation regimen appears suitable for children scheduled for MRI examinations, offering a more precise approach to guide the clinical use of sedative drugs in children.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, identifier: ChiCTR2300068611(24/02/2023).
HIV and hepatitis B, C co-infection and correlates of HIV infection among men who have sex with men in Rwanda, 2021: a respondent-driven sampling, cross-sectional study
Authors: Remera Eric , Tuyishime Elysee , Kayitesi Catherine , Malamba Samuel S. , Sangwayire Beata , Umutesi Justine , Ruisenor-Escudero Horacio , Oluoch Tom 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Men who have sex with men (MSM) are a key population group disproportionately affected by HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide. In Rwanda, the HIV epidemic remains a significant public health concern, and understanding the burden of HIV and hepatitis B and C coinfections among MSM is crucial for designing effective prevention and control strategies. This study aims to determine the prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C infections among MSM in Rwanda and identify correlates associated with HIV infection within this population.

Methods
We used respondent-driven sampling (RDS) to recruit participants between November and December 2021. A face-to-face, structured questionnaire was administered. Testing for HIV infection followed the national algorithm using two rapid tests: Alere Combo and STAT PAK as the first and second screening tests, respectively. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV tests were performed. All statistics were adjusted for RDS design, and a multivariable logistic regression model was constructed to identify factors associated with HIV infection.

Results
The prevalence of HIV among MSM was 6·9% (95% CI: 5·5–8·6), and among HIV-positive MSM, 12·9% (95% CI: 5·5–27·3) were recently infected. The prevalence of hepatitis B and C was 4·2% (95% CI: 3·0–5·7) and 0·7% (95% CI: 0·4–1·2), respectively. HIV and hepatitis B virus coinfection was 0·5% (95% CI: 0·2–1·1), whereas HIV and hepatitis C coinfection was 0·1% (95% CI: 0·0–0·5), and no coinfection for all three viruses was observed. MSM groups with an increased risk of HIV infection included those who ever suffered violence or abuse because of having sex with other men (AOR: 3·42; 95% CI: 1·87–6·25), those who refused to answer the question asking about ‘ever been paid money, goods, or services for sex’ (AOR: 10·4; 95% CI: 3·30–32·84), and those not consistently using condoms (AOR: 3·15; 95% CI: 1·31–7·60).

Conclusion
The findings suggest more targeted prevention and treatment approaches and underscore the importance of addressing structural and behavioral factors contributing to HIV vulnerability, setting interventions to reduce violence and abuse against MSM, promoting safe and consensual sexual practices, and expanding access to HIV prevention tools such as condoms and preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
Development, validation, and reliability of the Chrononutrition Profile Questionnaire-Pregnancy (CPQ-P)
Authors: Kok Ee Yin , Kaur Satvinder , Mohd Shukri Nurul Husna , Abdul Razak Nurliyana , Takahashi Masaki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
During pregnancy, physiological changes can affect eating and sleeping habits, which may eventually have negative consequences for maternal and foetal health. To better understand these changes, it is essential to develop a reliable questionnaire that addresses lifestyle habits such as snacking and daytime napping. This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the Chrononutrition Profile Questionnaire-Pregnancy (CPQ-P).

Methods
A total of 399 women in their second and third trimester of pregnancy were recruited from government maternal and child health clinics in Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya and completed a self-administered online questionnaire. Content validity was conducted with an expert panel consisting of 4 members. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using maximum likelihood was conducted to determine the construct validity. Internal consistency was determined by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (CAC), while the test-retest reliability was conducted using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results
The questionnaire had an appropriate content validity index of 0.91. The CPQ-P consists of 22 items, measuring 5 constructs, including morning chrono-habits, sleeping habits, evening eating, temporal eating, and pregnancy symptoms. The factor model showed good fit with χ2/df = 2.486, GFI = 0.893, CFI = 0.912, and RMSEA = 0.065. The 22 items in CPQ-P showed fair to excellent test-retest reliability (ICC: 0.42 to 0.98). The 5 constructs in CPQ-P were found to have a good to excellent internal consistency (α = 0.612–0.963).

Conclusions
The CPQ-P is a valid and reliable tool for assessing lifestyle habits during pregnancy. The questionnaire can be used to identify areas where pregnant women may need additional support or intervention to adopt healthy behaviours and reduce the risk of adverse maternal and foetal outcomes.

Trial registration
NCT05700136 (clinicaltrials.gov). Trial registration date: 26/01/2023.
Epidemiology of congenital polydactyly and syndactyly in Hunan Province, China
Authors: Zhou Xu , Li Ting , Kuang Haiyan , Zhou Ying , Xie Donghua , He Jian , Xiao Juan , Chen Chanchan , Jiang Yurong , Fang Junqun , Wang Hua 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
To describe the prevalence and epidemiology of congenital polydactyly and syndactyly in Hunan Province, China, 2016–2020.

Methods
Data were obtained from the Birth Defects Surveillance System in Hunan Province, China, 2016–2020. Prevalence of birth defects (polydactyly or syndactyly) is the number of cases per 1000 births (unit: ‰). Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by the log-binomial method. Chi-square trend tests (χ2trend) were used to determine trends in prevalence by year. Crude odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to examine the association of each demographic characteristic with polydactyly and syndactyly.

Results
Our study included 847,755 births, and 14,459 birth defects were identified, including 1,888 polydactyly and 626 syndactyly cases, accounting for 13.06% and 4.33% of birth defects, respectively. The prevalences of total birth defects, polydactyly, and syndactyly were 17.06‰ (95%CI: 16.78–17.33), 2.23‰ (95%CI: 2.13–2.33), and 0.74‰ (95%CI: 0.68–0.80), respectively. Most polydactyly (96.77%) and syndactyly (95.69%) were diagnosed postnatally (within 7 days). From 2016 to 2020, the prevalences of polydactyly were 1.94‰, 2.07‰, 2.20‰, 2.54‰, and 2.48‰, respectively, showing an upward trend (χ2trend = 19.48, P < 0.01); The prevalences of syndactyly were 0.62‰, 0.66‰, 0.77‰, 0.81‰, and 0.89‰, respectively, showing an upward trend (χ2trend = 10.81, P = 0.03). Hand polydactyly (2.26‰ vs. 1.33‰, OR = 1.69, 95%CI: 1.52–1.87) and hand syndactyly (0.43‰ vs. 0.28‰, OR = 1.42, 95%CI: 1.14–1.76) were more common in males than females. Polydactyly (2.67‰ vs. 1.93‰, OR = 1.38, 95%CI: 1.26–1.51) and syndactyly (0.91‰ vs. 0.62‰, OR = 1.47, 95%CI: 1.26–1.72) were more common in urban areas than in rural areas. Compared to maternal age 25–29, hand polydactyly was more common in maternal age < 20 (2.48‰ vs. 1.74‰, OR = 1.43, 95%CI: 1.01–2.02) or ≥ 35 (2.25‰ vs. 1.74‰, OR = 1.30, 95%CI: 1.12–1.50).

Conclusion
In summary, we have described the prevalence and epidemiology of polydactyly and syndactyly from hospital-based surveillance in Hunan Province, China, 2016–2020. Our findings make some original contributions to the field, which may be valuable for future research.