bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conservative management of epistaxis
Authors: Monux A. , Tomás M. , Kaiser C. , Gavilán J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA retrospective study to assess the clinical usefulness of non-surgical management of epistaxis was performed on 340 patients requiring hospitalisation at the ENT Department of La Paz Hospital (Madrid). The previous history, type of management, hospitalisation time, and volume of transfusion were considered. Nasal packing was employed in 94.1 per cent of the patients. Most patients (82.9 per cent) were hospitalised less than seven days, and 84.1 per cent of the patients required no transfusion. There was one death.This study supports the clinical usefulness of conservative management in the treatment of patients with epistaxis.
Cartilaginous metaplasia of the epiglottis
Authors: Lee A. H. S. , Ramsay A. D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMetaplastic elastic cartilaginous tissue has been described in the vocal cord, vestibular fold and ventricle of the larynx. This report documents a case in which cartilaginous metaplasia developed in the soft tissue of the epiglottis following an episode of epiglottitis.
Tympano–cartilago–stapediopexy: a method to improve hearing in open technique tympanoplasty
Authors: Moustafa H. M. , Khalifa M. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCanal wall-down technique tympanoplasty was indicated in about 41 per cent of our cases with chronic suppurative otitis media. In this series done during the last four years, of 576 tympanoplasties, 240 cases needed type III tympanoplasty. In 145 cases, myringostapediopexy was carried out using temporalis fascia grafting over the head of the stapes. Tympano-cartilago-stapediopexy was performed in the other 95 cases by using tragal cartilage and perichondrium over the stapes. A comparison between the results of both methods of grafting is discussed. Improvement in hearing was achieved after tympano-cartilago-stapediopexy. This method proved to be suitable for those cases which need open technique tympanoplasty.
Immunopathology of olfactory mucosa following injury to the olfactory bulb
Authors: Inamitsu Mayumi , Nakashima Tadashi , Uemura Takuya 
Published: November 2007

AbstractRemoval of the olfactory bulb was performed on rats in an attempt to elucidate the processes of olfactory dysfunction following head injury. Degeneration and regeneration of the olfactory mucosa were examined, histopathologically and immunohistochemically. We used antisera to olfactory marker protein (OMP) and neuron specific enolase (NSE) as a marker of the mature olfactory receptor neurons. Following rapid degeneration after bulbectomy, the olfactory receptor neurons regenerated. OMP and NSE containing cells re-appeared 49 days later. However, the cell population of the neuroepithelium did not revert to the numbers observed in the non-operated neuroepithelium, even three months later. The lack of a connection between regenerated axons and the olfactory bulb may result in immature neuronal replacement and reduce the number of olfactory receptor neurons.
Cricoid release in a preterm neonate
Authors: Farrell M. L. , Gray R. F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA baby born at 23 weeks gestation could not be extubated at 34 weeks and nine weeks intubation was causing laryngeal granulation. Anterior cricoid release saved the infant from a tracheostomy.The case is reported because of (a) the prematurity and small size of the neonate and (b) the microsurgical technique and non-penetration of tracheal mucosa, neither of which have been addressed in previous publications.
Lateral cephalometric analysis of children with otitis media with effusion: A comparison with age and sex matched controls
Authors: Maw A. R. , Smith I. M. , Lance G. N. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPrevious reports from this department have established significant differences in the morphology of the nasopharynx between patients with otitis media with effusion (OME) and normal controls. This study has used lateral cephalometric analysis to investigate these differences in greater detail.Skeletal and soft tissue measurements were recorded in 50 patients with bilateral OME and were compared with 50 age and sex matched normal controls.Various points were plotted enabling 23 different linear dimensions and three angles in and around the nasopharynx to be compared. The results show significant differences between the two groups in the skeletal and soft tissue dimensions of the nasopharynx. The children with OME have a smaller nasopharynx with a suggestion that this may be due to a difference both in the rate and timing of growth.
BIPP induced methaemoglobinaemia
Authors: Nigam A. , Ruddy J. , Robin P. E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBismuth subnitrate, one of the constituents of BIPP is known to cause methaemoglobinaemia. Ten patients had blood estimations for methaemoglobin levels before and after nasal packing with BIPP impregnated gauze. Only one patient exhibited abnormal levels of methaemoglobin and this was most probably the result of the large quantity of BIPP used. It is unlikely that significant methaemoglobinaemia occurs during the routine use of BIPP in the nose.
Sleep Apnoea Syndrome associated with maxillofacial abnormalities
Authors: Colmenero Cesar , Esteban Rosa , Albarino Apolinar R. , Colmenero Bartolome 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFour cases with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (OSAS) are presented. They consisted of two cases with TMJ ankylosis with micrognathia, one case with Treacher Collins Syndrome, and one case with the Long Face Syndrome.Standard and specific cephalometric parameters were obtained to detect the site of the obstruction. Polysomnographic studies yielded information regarding the patient's sleep-wake state, respiratory and cardiac functioning, pre- and post-operatively. A temporary tracheostomy corrected the symptoms in one patient but the syndrome recurred when it was closed. Surgical correction of the maxillofacial anomalies will reestablish normal sleep patterns preventing OSAS.
CT of the paranasal sinuses and functional endoscopic surgery: a critical analysis of 100 symptomatic patients
Authors: Lloyd G. A. S. , Lund V. J. , Scadding G. K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCT scans of 100 patients from the Rhinology Clinic at the Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital were reviewed in order to test the precepts forming the basis of functional endoscopic sinus surgery, especially as they relate to the radiological investigation. These were: (a) the site of origin of sinus infection. (b) The relevance of certain anatomical variants in the middle meatus to sinus infection and (c) The use of CT as the radiological method of diagnosis in all cases.Obstruction in the middle meatus and ostiomeatal complex was associated with an increased incidence of opacity in the sinuses but the primary site of disease was not established: the concept that sinus disease takes origin in the middle meatus was not proven.Anatomical variants in the middle meatus were not associated with an increase in sinus opacity and there was no evidence that these anomalies have any effect on sinus disease by causing middle meatal stenosis.The radiological assessment of patients with inflammatory naso-sinus disease should start with plain X-ray. CT is unnecessary as a routine examination. It should be reserved for the pre-operative assessment of patients for endoscopic surgery, its main function being to show important anatomical landmarks.
Subglottic cyst in a newborn
Authors: Triglia J. M. , Portaspana T. , Cannoni M. , Pech A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSubglottic laryngeal cysts in the newborn are extremely rare. It is difficult to establish if the cyst is acquired or congenital because respiratory distress requires intubation in the I.C.U. generally without prior endoscopy. A case report is presented, followed by a discussion of possible aetiology and management protocol; the advantages of the CO2 laser make excision of the cysticsac possible without tracheotomy.
Perilymph fistula—a diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Vartiainen Eero , Nuutinen Juhani , Karjalainen Seppo , Nykänfn Kalkvi 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA retrospective series is presented of 51 cases operated on for suspected perilymph fistula. In 26 ears a fistula was identified at surgery. A positive fistula test was found to strongly indicate a perilymph fistula but was more often negative than positive in surgically demonstrated fistula ears. Other vestibular tests were found to be of little value in the pre-operative diagnosis. Ears with a surgically demonstrated fistula and sensorineural hearing loss had either flat or downward-sloping audiograms. Difficulties in diagnosing a perilymph fistula at tympanotomy are discussed. At follow-up, vestibular symptoms were found to be eliminated or improved in 96 per cent of cases with surgically demonstrated fistulae and in 68 per cent of cases in which no fistula was detected at tympanotomy but hearing improved significantly in only one ear (4 per cent) of the former group and in five ears (20 per cent) of the latter group.
Primary mucoid adenocarcinoma of the larynx
Authors: Tsang Y. W. , Ngan K. C. , Chan J. K. C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMucous gland carcinomas of the larynx are rare, with most being represented by ‘non-specific’ adenocarcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Here we report a unique case of mucoid adenocarcinoma of the larynx occurring in a 46-year-old woman. Despite the presence of regional lymph node metastasis, she remained well four years after surgery.
Distribution of ear drops in normal ears
Authors: Wilson P. S. , Grocutt Mark , Dingle Ann , Reid A. P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractEar drops are prescribed widely with little thought for the distribution inside the ear canal. This study compares the distribution of water and oil based drops. The results indicate that, under the test conditions, the penetration of ear drops is extremely variable. Water provided the greatest overall coverage, while the most viscous drops fared worst. It is suggested that in diseased ears even poorer penetration may result, which may explain the lack of response in some circumstances.
Myxoma of the external auditory meatus
Authors: Palva T. , Saksela E. , Ramsay H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of myxoma of the external auditory meatus is described. The patient presented with a recurring tumour which had not been correctly diagnosed although the growth had been removed ten times over a period of two years. The tumour was skin covered, contained gelatinous material and was attached to the tympanic membrane and anterior canal wall. Following recognition of the tumour as myxoma, removal was performed with sufficiently wide margins and there has been no recurrence during follow-up for one year.
Randomized, cross over study to assess patient preference for an acoustically modified hearing aid system
Authors: MacKenzie K. , Browning G. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIt seems reasonable to postulate that if a patient has a hearing impairment at particular frequencies, selective amplification at those frequencies would be an advantage. Attempts have been made in the laboratory to show that when this is done scores on various audiometric tasks will improve. Whether such laboratory benefit will be preferred by patients in their daily life is another matter. Despite a lack of knowledge on this subject, modifications are frequently made to a hearing aid system in the expectation that this will improve auditory performance and hence be preferred by the patient. The most common modifications made to an ear level aid in the British National Health Service are adjusting the tone control and venting the ear mould with the aim of emphasizing the higher frequencies.A randomized crossover study was carried out in 83 first time hearing aid users with a mild to moderate hearing impairment to assess whether a hearing aid at the ‘H’ tone setting and with a 2 mm vented mould would be preferred by those with a more marked high frequency impairment. BE series aids were used so that any findings could be directly translated to NHS practice.No consistent preference for the modified system was identified when patients were subgrouped according to the overall slope (0.5 to 4 kHz) of their audiogram. However, when the slope between 0.25 and 1 kHz, which corresponds to the real ear effect of these modifications, was analyzed patients with a slope at these frequencies preferred the high-tone emphasis system (p<0.005). A second but lesser predictor of preference was age, those under 66 years preferring a modified and those over 69 years preferring an unmodified system (p<0.05).These findings need to be confirmed using different methods of altering the frequency response. What acoustical effect these achieve in a specific patient need to be confirmed using ‘in the ear’ measures before any preference they might have can be related to the configuration of their audiogram.
Mastoid obliteration with the temporoparietal fascia flap
Authors: East C. A. , Brough M. D. , Grant H. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractObliteration of persistently discharging open mastoid cavities is one surgical option to achieve a dry ear. All the currently described techniques involve the use of random pattern local tissue flaps or free grafts. Ten patients have undergone obliteration procedures using the vascularized temporoparietal fascia flap. This resulted in rapid epithelialization by six weeks in seven out of 10 cases. The remaining three patients have persistent non healed areas over the medial attic wall, but are not troubled by otorrhoea. The indications, technique and complications of mastoid obliteration by this axial pattern flap are described.
High recovery ofHaemophilus influenzaeand group A streptococci in recurrent tonsillar infection or hypertrophy as compared with normal tonsils
Authors: Stjernquist-Desatnik A. , Prellner K. , Schalén C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOne hundred and twenty-six patients who underwent tonsillectomy because of recurrent acute tonsillitis, tonsillar hypertrophy or sleep apnoea were evaluated by tonsillar core culturing. The sleep apnoea patients served as controls, since none of them had tonsillar hypertrophy at ENT examination or any history of recurrent acute tonsillitis, and thus their tonsillar core flora could be regarded as normal.The isolation rate ofH. influenzaewas much lower among sleep apnoea controls (2.7 per cent) than among either the patients with recurrent acute tonsillitis (20.3 per cent) or those with tonsillar hypertrophy (36.7 per cent) (p<0.05), as was that of group A streptococci, 5.4 per centversus16.9 and 20 per cent, respectively (though the latter differences were not statistically significant). The isolation frequencies ofB. catarrhalis, pneumococci, group C and G streptococci did not differ between the three groups.The high tonsillar core recovery rates ofH. influenzaeand group A streptococci both in patients with recurrent acute tonsillitis and in those with tonsillar hypertrophy, as compared with normal controls, suggests the possible involvement of these bacteria in both conditions.
Lingual thyroid: the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Guneri A. , Ceryan K. , Igci E. , Kovanlikaya A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLingual thyroid is an uncommon developmental aberrationof embryogenesis. It may present as a mid-line, non-tender, painless, reddish appearing swelling in the throat. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a relatively new diagnostic method for this condition. Two cases of lingual thyroid are reviewed with their MRI's and surgical results.
Management of retraction pockets of the pars tensa
Authors: Mills Robert P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA study of 73 patients with retraction pockets of the pars tensa (93 affected ears) has been carried out. Of these 32 per cent had otalgia and 31 per cent reported episodes of aural discharge. Adequate audiometric data was available on 75 ears. Mean air-bone gaps were calculated using 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz and 4000 Hz. Thirty per cent of ears had air-bone gaps of less than 10 dB and in 93 per cent the air-bone gap was less than 30 dB. Air-bone gaps of more than 40 dB were found in seven per cent. Of this group, seven patients were selected for surgical treatment. In all cases the retraction pockets were elevated and everted. In six cases, the thinned tympanic membrane was reinforced with a composite graft of cartilage and perichondrium. This technique has also been used in three patients not included in this study group. An ossiculoplasty was performed in four cases. In the early months, the retraction pockets remained completely everted. However, by 12 months some degree of retraction had recurred in four of the six patients who have been followed for more than 12 months.
Laryngeal morphology in sudden unexpected death in infants
Authors: Harrison D. F. N. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOne hundred and four larynges removed from infants registered as dying fromSudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) and 20 control larynges from infants of matching ages, were examined histologically. Excessive amounts of subglottic submucosal glandular tissue had reduced the available airway by more than half in 35 per cent of the SIDS larynges within the age group two to four months. In 30 per cent of this group the airway reduction was more than 60 per cent. It is suggested that hyperplasia of subglottic mucous glands is one cause of fatal hypoxia in sudden unexpected infant death.
Distribution of ear drops using a non-aerosol spray delivery system
Authors: Wilson P. S. , Dingle Ann , Grocutt Mark , Reidal A. P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe distribution of ear drops in normal ears is variable. A new product Otomize® (Stafford-Miller) containing dexamethasone and neomycin has a non-aerosol spray mist delivery system. This has been applied to normal ears and found to be superior in its distribution to generally available ear drops previously assessed.
A correlative manometric and endoscopic study of tubal function in dry central perforation of the tympanic membrane
Authors: El-Guindy Ahmed 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSince good ventilation of the middle ear is a pre-requisite for successful myringoplasty, it was our policy to investigate the tubal function in dry central perforation of the eardrum and to correlate the manometric and endoscopic findings. Nasal endoscopy proved to be indispensable in diagnosing mechanical tubal obstruction and in localizing and even treating ‘hidden’ lesions in key areas, with probable normalization of the tubal function. The correction of the mechanical tubal obstruction must precede ear surgery. Whenever tubal obstruction is diagnosed as functional or idiopathic, the ventilation of the middle ear should be guaranteed during ear surgery by addition of a tympanostomy tube to the graft or drum remnant, and a guarded prognosis given.
Paediatric foreign bodies: the lessons of failure and near misses
Authors: Dawlatly E. E. , Al-Arfaj A. L. , Al-Azizi M. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn this series of seven uncommon and complicated cases of foreign bodies in the aerodigestive tract of children, the difficulties in the management, and complications encountered are described. Various factors affecting the outcome of these cases have been highlighted.
A narcotic foreign body in the throat
Authors: Somjee Shehnaz 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe impaction of a cannabis-filled condom in the upper oesophagus of a 28-year-old prisoner is reported. The history was deceptive and smoking and drug abuse denied. The ENT surgeon being unaware of the identity of the drug faced tackling a possibly lethal foreign body, technically difficult to remove by the usual forceps method. (The Dormier basket is recommended for this task but we were unable to try it). Passage of the condom into the stomach occurred during attempted removal and its further progress was uneventful, indicating that gastroscopic removal of cannabis is unncessary unless obstructive symptoms occur.
Terminal parotid duct carcinoma
Authors: George M. K. , Mansour Paul , Pahor A. L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTerminal duct carcinoma of salivary glands is an uncommon, histologically distinctive, low grade malignant neoplasm arising from the intercalated salivary duct. We present a case arising eight years after removal of a parotid tumour reported as a pleomorphic adenoma. We describe the clinico-pathological features of the present tumour, illustrate the difficulties that may be encountered in differentiating it from other salivary gland tumours, and discuss the possible significance of the previous tumour.
Bilateral thoracic empyema complicating adult epiglottitis
Authors: Hussan W. U. , Keaney N. P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHaemophilus influenzae is a common cause of epiglottitis and meningitis in children and exacerbation of chronic bronchitis in adults. However, the ability of this organism to cause serious infections in adults is less well recognized. We report a case of a 34-year-old previously healthy female who presented with epiglottitis and later developed bilateral empyema; both blood and pleural fluid grew Haemophilus influenzae.
Giant cervical cyst: Presenting symptom of an occult thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Levy Isaac , Barki Yehiel , Tovi Ferit 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of giant lateral cervical cystic metastasis from occult thyroid carcinoma mimicking branchial cleft cyst is reported.Lateral cervical cystic metastases arising from occult thyroid carcinoma and their ultrasonic differentiation from true cysts are discussed.
Fronto-ethmoidal mucocoeles: a histopathological analysis
Authors: Lund Valerie J. , Milroy Christopher M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFrom a series of 118 fronto-ethmoidal mucocoeles, 40 specimes have been submitted to detained histological analysis. The Frequency of each epithelial and sub-epithelial components is considered and reveals features which support a dynamic theory of bone resorption and formation rather than that of pressure erosion in the pathogenesis of mucocoeles.
Laryngectomy: the patient's view
Authors: Jay S. , Ruddy J. , Cullen R. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe disabilities following laryngectomy are well recognized. The incidence of these disabilities and the acceptability of the surgery to the patients were assessed by a questionnaire method. Sixty-five patients participated in the study. The incidence of disabilities are discussed. Total laryngectomy was felt to be a worthwhile operation by most of the patients in the study despite the disabilities they experienced afterwards.
Salmonella neck abscess associated with jugular vein thrombosis
Authors: Leiberman A. , Tovi F. , Barki Y. , Alkan M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn unusual case of synergistic infection caused bySalmonella paratyphiand anaerobic streptococcus resulting in necrotizing cervical infection associated with deep neck abscess and internal jugular vein thrombosis, is presented. Salmonella acting as an oxygen consumer in the infected tissues, facilitates the growth of anaerobic cocci, hence the development of a devastating soft tissue infection. The precipitating cause was a tonsillar infection developing due to ‘post-anginal sepsis’. The aetiopathogenesis of the cervical infection is discussed.
Atypical leiomyoma of the choana
Authors: Van Ingen G. , Stel H. V. , Tiwari R. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLeiomyomas of the nose, nasopharynx and paranasal sinuses are rare. So far only two atypical leiomyomas at these sites have been reported in the English literature. A new case is presented and the literature on the subject is reviewed.