bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular simulations to estimate thermodynamics for adsorption of polar organic solutes to montmorillonite
Authors: Aggarwal V. , Chien Y.‐Y. , Teppen B. J. 
Published: July 2007

SummaryIdeally, one could use molecular mechanics or quantum mechanics to predict the magnitude of organic solute adsorption from water to soil minerals. Reproduction and/or prediction of mineral and interfacial structures remains challenging, but calculation of meaningful energy relations through computational chemistry techniques is even more difficult than structural calculations. This paper attempts to define the necessary and relevant components for an overall scheme that allows translation of computed interaction enthalpies to experimental adsorption enthalpies and vice versa. While the scheme could be applied to quantum calculations, we test it for the possibility of using empirical molecular mechanics to estimate relative energies for the adsorption of non‐ionic organic solutes in clay mineral‐water‐solute systems. We used molecular dynamics’ simulations to estimate relative clay–organic interaction enthalpies for a series of nitro‐aromatic solutes and hydrated, K‐saturated montmorillonite, for comparison with experimental adsorption isotherm data for the same clay‐nitroaromatic systems. The trend of computed interaction enthalpies (e.g. −234 ± 17 kJ mol−1 for trinitrobenzene and −154 ± 16 kJ mol−1 for p‐nitrobenzene) agreed modestly well with the trend of adsorption maxima from the experiments. Furthermore, we developed several variants on a thermodynamic cycle framework for comparing computed interaction energies with experimentally determined adsorption enthalpies. The algorithms, which include estimates for enthalpy changes both in bulk solution and in the clay interlayer, show promise: for p‐dinitrobenzene and for 1,3,5‐trinitrobenzene, the overall predicted adsorption enthalpies (e.g. −13 ± 22 and −67 ± 23 kJ mol−1, respectively) were in modest agreement with experiments (−18 ± 1 and −28 ± 4 kJ mol−1, respectively). We discuss shortcomings of the methods, in hopes of encouraging better estimates for the various energy terms, improvement of the algorithms, and more valid comparisons between quantum mechanical or molecular mechanical interaction energies and experimental enthalpies.
OsRAD21‐3, an orthologue of yeast RAD21, is required for pollen development in Oryza sativa
Authors: Tao Jiayi , Zhang Liangran , Chong Kang , Wang Tai 
Published: July 2007

SummaryIn contrast to animals, in which products of meiosis differentiate directly into sperm, flowering plants employ a specific mechanism to give rise to functional sperm cells, the specifics of which remain largely unknown. A previous study revealed that, compared to yeast and vertebrates, which have two proteins (Rad21 and its meiosis‐specific variant Rec8) that play a vital role in sister chromatid cohesion and segregation for mitosis and meiosis, respectively, the rice genome encodes four Rad21/Rec8 proteins (OsRad21s). In this paper, phylogenetic and immunostaining analyses reveal that OsRad21‐3 is an orthologue of yeast Rad21. OsRAD21‐3 transcript and protein accumulated preferentially in flowers, with low levels in vegetative tissues. In flowers, they persisted from the stamen and carpel primordia stages until the mature pollen stage. OsRAD21‐3‐deficient RNAi lines showed arrested pollen mitosis, aberrant pollen chromosome segregation and aborted pollen grains, which led to disrupted pollen viability. However, male meiosis in these RNAi lines did not appear to be severely disrupted, which suggests that the main involvement of OsRAD21‐3 is in post‐meiotic pollen development by affecting pollen mitosis. Furthermore, of the four OsRAD21 genes in the rice genome, only OsRAD21‐3 was expressed in pollen grains. Given that the mechanism involving generation of sperm cells differs between flowering plants and metozoans, this study shows, in part, why flowering plants of rice and Arabidopsis have four Rad21/Rec8 proteins, as compared with two in yeast and metozoans, and gives some clues to the functional differentiation of Rad21/Rec8 proteins during evolution.
Contributions from eye movement potentials to stimulus preceding negativity during anticipation of auditory stimulation
Authors: Engdahl Lis , Bjerre Vicky K. , Christoffersen Gert R. J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractCognitive anticipation of a stimulus has been associated with an ERP called “stimulus preceding negativity” (SPN). A new auditory delay task without stimulus‐related motor activity demonstrated a prefrontal SPN, present during attentive anticipation of sounds with closed eyes, but absent during distraction of attention and during attention with fixed gaze. ERP maxima found near the eyes required examination of eye movement interference, wherefore six monopolar EOG electrodes were included. Similarities between ERPs and potentials evoked by voluntary eye movements with respect to spatial distribution and polarities of amplitudes around the eyes and over the frontal cortex suggested that, in the closed‐eyes condition, small involuntary downward eye movements occurred during attentive anticipation of sounds. Analyses of single trials corroborated this interpretation. On this basis it is suggested that the SPN was caused by such eye movements.
The effect of short‐term exposure of triamcinolone acetonide on fibroblasts and retinal pigment epithelial cells
Authors: Oh Jaeryung , Jung You Sun , Kim Geun Soo , Oh In Kyung , Rho Bo‐Kun , Huh Kuhl 
Published: July 2007

Abstract.Purpose:  We investigated the effects of short‐term exposure to triamcinolone on cultured choroidal fibroblast (CFB) cells and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells.Methods:  To evaluate the effect of triamcinolone on cell proliferation, CFB and RPE cells were divided into three groups: a short‐term exposure group; a longterm exposure group, and a non‐treated control group. Cells in the short‐term exposure group were briefly exposed (5, 15 or 30 mins) to triamcinolone (0.01 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml or mitomycin C (0.01 µg/ml, 1 µg/ml). Cells in the longterm exposure group were continuously incubated in culture medium containing the drug until assessment. The control group was cultured without drugs. Cell viability and the number of cells were assessed at day 5 after exposure. To investigate the direct toxicity of triamcinolone on confluent RPE cells, completely confluent cells were exposed to the drugs in the manner as described above. Cell viability was determined on days 0, 3 and 5 after treatment.Results:  In the short‐term exposure group, 1 mg/ml triamcinolone caused a significant reduction in the proliferation of CFB and RPE cells. The proliferation of CFBs decreased even with exposure to 0.01 mg/ml triamcinolone. In the longterm exposure group, triamcinolone and mitomycin C reduced the proliferation of both CFB and RPE cells. Even very short periods of exposure to triamcinolone caused a significant reduction in the viability of completely confluent RPE cells.Conclusions:  Even short periods of exposure to triamcinolone inhibited the proliferation of fibroblasts and RPE cells and were significantly toxic to completely confluent RPE cells.
Hysterectomy leads to fast improvement of haematological and immunological parameters in bitches with pyometra
Authors: Bartoskova A. , Vitasek R. , Leva L. , Faldyna M. 
Published: July 2007

Objectives: To investigate whether a combination of hysterectomy and antibiotic treatment leads to an improvement of altered haematological and immunological parameters in bitches affected by pyometra. Methods: Blood samples obtained from 13 bitches affected by pyometra were investigated before hysterectomy and seven days later for a total and differential leucocyte count, activity of neutrophils and lymphocytes, and quantification of total serum immunoglobulins, lysozyme and circulating immune complexes. Results: The parameters most affected included changes in blood profile (leucocytosis because of neutrophilia or leucopenia) and inhibition of lymphocyte activity. Seven days after hysterectomy, all affected parameters returned to normal levels comparable to clinically healthy dogs. Clinical Significance: Application of immunostimulating therapy is not necessary to manage changes in blood cell counts and suppression of lymphocyte activity in bitches with pyometra. Removal of the infected uterus, being the source of infection, leads to improvement.
The Deleterious Effect of an Insertion Sequence Removing the Last Twenty Percent of the Essential
Escherichia coli rpsA
Gene Is Due to mRNA Destabilization, Not Protein Truncation
Authors: Skorski Patricia , Proux Florence , Cheraiti Chainez , Dreyfus Marc , Denmat Sylvie Hermann-Le 
Published: July 2007

ABSTRACT

Ribosomal protein S1, the product of the essential
rpsA
gene, consists of six imperfect repeats of the same motif. Besides playing a critical role in translation initiation on most mRNAs, S1 also specifically autoregulates the translation of its own messenger.
ssyF29
is a viable
rpsA
allele that carries an IS
10
R insertion within the coding sequence, resulting in a protein lacking the last motif (S1
ΔC
). The growth of
ssyF29
cells is slower than that of wild-type cells. Moreover, translation of a reporter
rpsA-lacZ
fusion is specifically stimulated, suggesting that the last motif is necessary for autoregulation. However, in
ssyF29
cells the
rpsA
mRNA is also strongly destabilized; this destabilization, by causing S1
ΔC
shortage, might also explain the observed slow-growth and autoregulation defect. To fix this ambiguity, we have introduced an early stop codon in the
rpsA
chromosomal gene, resulting in the synthesis of the S1
ΔC
protein without an IS
10
R insertion (
rpsA

ΔC

allele).
rpsA

ΔC

cells grow much faster than their
ssyF29
counterparts; moreover, in these cells S1 autoregulation and mRNA stability are normal. In vitro, the S1
ΔC
protein binds mRNAs (including its own) almost as avidly as wild-type S1. These results demonstrate that the last S1 motif is dispensable for translation and autoregulation: the defects seen with
ssyF29
cells reflect an IS
10
R-mediated destabilization of the
rpsA
mRNA, probably due to facilitated exonucleolytic degradation.
Abstraction versus Contradiction: Observations on Chris Arthur's The New Dialectic and Marx's 'Capital'
Authors: Finelli Roberto 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis intervention concerns the different statute of abstraction in Marx's work. By means of a critical confrontation with Chris Arthur's work, Finelli presents his thesis of the presence of a double theory and fuction of abstraction in Marx's work. In the early Marx, until the German Ideology, abstraction is, in accordance with the traditional meaning of this term, a product of the mind, an unreal spectre. More exactly, it consists in negating the common essence belonging to labouring humanity and projecting it, as alienated universal, into the idea of philosophy, into the state of politics and into the money of the market. In the later Marx, the nature of abstraction is, rather than mental, practical. It is directly related to the quantity without quality of capitalist labour, and it is the product of the systemic connection of machines to labour-power. In contrast to Arthur, Finelli maintains that practical abstraction in the Marx of Capital is not located in the zone of exchange and the market, where there is the mediation of money. On the contrary, it is located in the zone of production, which, for Marx, is a social ensemble not mediated by money but by relations of technological domination.
Event‐triggered adaptive secure lateral stabilization for autonomous vehicles under actuator attacks
Authors: Sun Hong‐Tao , Chen Xinran , Shen Yitao , Peng Chen , Zhao Jiwei 
Published: March 2024

SummaryFalse data injection attacks can disrupt the steering control actions and make a real threat to both the security and safety of autonomous vehicles. In this paper, a secure event‐triggered lateral control approach of autonomous vehicles subject to actuator attacks is investigated. Firstly, an arbitrary unknown actuator attacks is considered in the secure lateral steering control of autonomous vehicles. Thus, to save communication resources for the limited bandwidth CAN bus, the periodic event‐triggered transmission scheme is utilized, transforming the established lateral steering control into a time‐delay system through the consideration of periodic event‐triggered sampling. Then, an adaptive control compensation scheme is developed to mitigate the malicious effects caused by actuator attacks. The proposed secure control approach is skilled in compensating the unknown attacked steering control actions in an adaptive way. The stabilization criteria under the adaptive secure control law is well derived by Lyapunov–Krasovskii method and some linear inequality matrices operations. At last, the effectiveness of the proposed secure control scheme is verified by some numerical experiments borrowed from a practical vehicle.
A Gene‐Switch Platform Interfacing with Reactive Oxygen Species Enables Transcription Fine‐Tuning by Soluble and Volatile Pharmacologics and Food Additives
Authors: Huang Jinbo , Xue Shuai , Teixeira Ana Palma , Fussenegger Martin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSynthetic biology aims to engineer transgene switches for precise therapeutic protein control in cell‐based gene therapies. However, off‐the‐shelf trigger‐inducible gene circuits are usually switched on by single or structurally similar molecules. This study presents a mammalian gene‐switch platform that controls therapeutic gene expression by a wide range of molecules generating low, non‐toxic levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this system, KEAP1 (Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1) serves as ROS sensor, regulating the translocation of NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2) to the nucleus, where NRF2 binds to antioxidant response elements (ARE) to activate the expression of a gene of interest. It is found that a promoter containing eight‐tandem ARE repeats is highly sensitive to the low ROS levels generated by the soluble and volatile molecules, which include food preservatives, food additives, pharmaceuticals, and signal transduction inducers. In a proof‐of‐concept study, it is shown that many of these compounds can independently trigger microencapsulated engineered cells to produce sufficient insulin to restore normoglycemia in experimental type‐1 diabetic mice. It is believed that this system greatly extends the variety of small‐molecule inducers available to drive therapeutic gene switches.
Recent Developments and Future Perspectives of Molybdenum Borides and MBenes
Authors: Rout Chandra Sekhar , Shinde Pratik V. , Patra Abhinandan , Jeong Sang Mun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMetal borides have received a lot of attention recently as a potentially useful material for a wide range of applications. In particular, molybdenum‐based borides and MBenes are of great significance, due to their remarkable properties like good electronic conductivity, considerable stability, high surface area, and environmental harmlessness. Therefore, in this article, the progress made in molybdenum‐based borides and MBenes in recent years is reviewed. The first step in understanding these materials is to begin with an overview of their structural and electronic properties. Then synthetic technologies for the production of molybdenum borides, such as high‐temperature/pressure methods, physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), element reaction route, molten salt‐assisted, and selective etching methods are surveyed. Then, the critical performance of these materials in numerous applications like energy storage, catalysis, biosensors, biomedical devices, surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and tribology and lubrication are summarized. The review concludes with an analysis of the current progress of these materials and provides perspectives for future research. Overall, this review will offer an insightful reference for the understanding molybdenum‐based borides and their development in the future.
Oncogenic Roles of Laminin Subunit Gamma‐2 in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma via Promoting EGFR Translation
Authors: Zhang Jianjuan , Ji Fubo , Tan Yaqi , Zhao Lei , Zhao Yongzhi , Liu Jiaxin , Shao Liyuan , Shi Jiong , Ye Meihua , He Xianglei , Jin Jianping , Zhao Bin , Huang Jun , Roessler Stephanie , Zheng Xin , Ji Junfang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a highly lethal biliary epithelial cancer in the liver. Here, Laminin subunit gamma‐2 (LAMC2) with important oncogenic roles in iCCA is discovered. In a total of 231 cholangiocarcinoma patients (82% of iCCA patients) across four independent cohorts, LAMC2 is significantly more abundant in iCCA tumor tissue compared to normal bile duct and non‐tumor liver. Among 26.3% of iCCA patients, LAMC2 gene is amplified, contributing to its over‐expression. Functionally, silencing LAMC2 significantly blocks tumor formation in orthotopic iCCA mouse models. Mechanistically, it promotes EGFR protein translation via interacting with nascent unglycosylated EGFR in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), resulting in activated EGFR signaling. LAMC2‐mediated EGFR translation also depends on its interaction with the ER chaperone BiP via their C‐terminus. Together LAMC2 and BiP generate a binding “pocket” of nascent EGFR and facilitate EGFR translation. Consistently, LAMC2‐high iCCA patients have poor prognosis in two iCCA cohorts. LAMC2‐high iCCA cells are highly sensitive to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) treatment both in vitro and in vivo. Together, these data demonstrate LAMC2 as an oncogenic player in iCCA by promoting EGFR translation and an indicator to identify iCCA patients who may benefit from available EGFR‐targeted TKIs therapies.
Amorphous‐Like Ultralow Thermal Transport in Crystalline Argyrodite Cu7PS6
Authors: Shen Xingchen , Ouyang Niuchang , Huang Yuling , Tung Yung‐Hsiang , Yang Chun‐Chuen , Faizan Muhammad , Perez Nicolas , He Ran , Sotnikov Andrei , Willa Kristin , Wang Chen , Chen Yue , Guilmeau Emmanuel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDue to their amorphous‐like ultralow lattice thermal conductivity both below and above the superionic phase transition, crystalline Cu‐ and Ag‐based superionic argyrodites have garnered widespread attention as promising thermoelectric materials. However, despite their intriguing properties, quantifying their lattice thermal conductivities and a comprehensive understanding of the microscopic dynamics that drive these extraordinary properties are still lacking. Here, an integrated experimental and theoretical approach is adopted to reveal the presence of Cu‐dominated low‐energy optical phonons in the Cu‐based argyrodite Cu7PS6. These phonons yield strong acoustic‐optical phonon scattering through avoided crossing, enabling ultralow lattice thermal conductivity. The Unified Theory of thermal transport is employed to analyze heat conduction and successfully reproduce the experimental amorphous‐like ultralow lattice thermal conductivities, ranging from 0.43 to 0.58 W m−1 K−1, in the temperature range of 100–400 K. The study reveals that the amorphous‐like ultralow thermal conductivity of Cu7PS6 stems from a significantly dominant wave‐like conduction mechanism. Moreover, the simulations elucidate the wave‐like thermal transport mainly results from the contribution of Cu‐associated low‐energy overlapping optical phonons. This study highlights the crucial role of low‐energy and overlapping optical modes in facilitating amorphous‐like ultralow thermal transport, providing a thorough understanding of the underlying complex dynamics of argyrodites.
A Scalable Robust Microporous Al‐MOF for Post‐Combustion Carbon Capture
Authors: Chen Bingbing , Fan Dong , Pinto Rosana V. , Dovgaliuk Iurii , Nandi Shyamapada , Chakraborty Debanjan , García‐Moncada Nuria , Vimont Alexandre , McMonagle Charles J. , Bordonhos Marta , Al Mohtar Abeer , Cornu Ieuan , Florian Pierre , Heymans Nicolas , Daturi Marco , De Weireld Guy , Pinto Moisés , Nouar Farid , Maurin Guillaume , Mouchaham Georges , Serre Christian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHerein, a robust microporous aluminum tetracarboxylate framework, MIL‐120(Al)‐AP, (MIL, AP: Institute Lavoisier and Ambient Pressure synthesis, respectively) is reported, which exhibits high CO2 uptake (1.9 mmol g−1 at 0.1 bar, 298 K). In situ Synchrotron X‐ray diffraction measurements together with Monte Carlo simulations reveal that this structure offers a favorable CO2 capture configuration with the pores being decorated with a high density of µ2‐OH groups and accessible aromatic rings. Meanwhile, based on calculations and experimental evidence, moderate host‐guest interactions Qst (CO2) value of MIL‐120(Al)‐AP (−40 kJ mol−1) is deduced, suggesting a relatively low energy penalty for full regeneration. Moreover, an environmentally friendly ambient pressure green route, relying on inexpensive raw materials, is developed to prepare MIL‐120(Al)‐AP at the kilogram scale with a high yield while the Metal‐ Organic Framework (MOF) is further shaped with inorganic binders as millimeter‐sized mechanically stable beads. First evidences of its efficient CO2/N2 separation ability are validated by breakthrough experiments while operando IR experiments indicate a kinetically favorable CO2 adsorption over water. Finally, a techno‐economic analysis gives an estimated production cost of ≈ 13 $ kg−1, significantly lower than for other benchmark MOFs. These advancements make MIL‐120(Al)‐AP an excellent candidate as an adsorbent for industrial‐scale CO2 capture processes.
Better together: A multistakeholder approach to developing specialty‐wide entrustable professional activities in emergency medicine
Authors: Caretta‐Weyer Holly A. , Sebok‐Syer Stefanie S. , Morris Amanda M. , Schnapp Benjamin H. , Fant Abra L. , Scott Kevin R. , Pirotte Matthew , Gisondi Michael A. , Yarris Lalena M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeEntrustable professional activities (EPAs) are a widely used framework for curriculum and assessment, yet the variability in emergency medicine (EM) training programs mandates the development of EPAs that meet the needs of the specialty as a whole. This requires eliciting and incorporating the perspectives of multiple stakeholders (i.e., faculty, residents, and patients) in the development of EPAs. Without a shared understanding of what a resident must be able to do upon graduation, we run the risk of advancing ill‐prepared residents that may provide inconsistent care.MethodsIn an effort to address these challenges, beginning in February 2020, the authors assembled an advisory board of 25 EM faculty to draft and reach consensus on a final list of EPAs that can be used across all training programs within the specialty of EM. Using modified Delphi methodology, the authors came to consensus on an initial list of 22 EPAs. The authors presented these EPAs to faculty supervisors, residents, and patients for refinement. The authors collated and analyzed feedback from focus groups of residents and patients using thematic analysis. The EPAs were subsequently refined based on this feedback.ResultsStakeholders in EM residency training endorsed a final revised list of 22 EPAs. Stakeholder focus groups highlighted two main thematic considerations that helped shape the finalized list of EM EPAs: attention to the meaningful nuances of EPA language and contextualizing the EPAs and viewing them developmentally.ConclusionsTo foreground all key stakeholders within the EPA process for EM, the authors chose within the development process to draft; come to consensus; and refine EPAs for EM in collaboration with relevant faculty, patient, and resident stakeholders. Each stakeholder group contributed meaningfully to the content and intended implementation of the EPAs. This process may serve as a model for others in developing stakeholder‐responsive EPAs.