bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The circulatory death that saves lives—Intensive care nurses' conceptions of participating during ‘donation after circulatory death’: A phenomenographic study
Authors: Andersen Ljungdahl Kristin , Nissfolk Sara , Flodén Anne 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimTo describe intensive care nurses' conceptions of participating during the donation after circulatory death (DCD) process in intensive care units in Sweden.DesignA qualitative design with a phenomenographic approach.MethodsIn total, 12 semi‐structured interviews were conducted in April 2022 with intensive care nurses from three hospitals. Data were analysed using a phenomenographic approach.ResultsConceptions of participating during the DCD process varied. Four main themes emerged: DCD as a system; Intensive care nurses' role in the situation; Life to death to life; The essence of DCD. Variations emerged regarding what the informants talked about and how they talked about the what. Variations were based on informants' perspective of their role in relation to the structure and the team, and their conceptions of care for patients and their relatives.ConclusionThe findings illustrated success factors and challenges. Knowledge, experience, distinct structure, and relationship with relatives, among other factors, were described as success factors, while a lack of experience, difficulty in prognosing death, and organisational obstacles emerged as challenges. Furthermore, the findings showed that intensive care nurses play an important role in optimising the outcome of the DCD process. Their work related to DCD was conceived as being meaningful to fulfil more peoples' wishes to donate organs.ImpactPeople on the waiting list for organ transplantation are dying due to a shortage of organs. The implementation of DCD, as a complement to Donation after Brain Death (DBD), contributed to an increase in the number of organ donors, and intensive care nurses play an important role during the DCD process. Previous research manifests the complexity concerning their role. There is a lack of nursing research regarding intensive care nurses' conceptions of what it means to participate in the DCD process, which emphasises the significance of this study.Reporting MethodThis study is reported using consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (SRQR).Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Study protocol of translation into Spanish and cross‐cultural adaptation and validation of the problem areas in diabetes—Pediatric version (PAID‐Peds) survey
Authors: Casanovas‐Marsal Josep‐Oriol , Civitani Monzón Elisa , Ferrer Duce María Pilar , González de la Cuesta Delia , Yelmo Valverde Rosa , Pérez Repiso Victoria , Goicoechea Manterola Irune , de Arriba Muñoz Antonio 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimThe metabolic and psychological management of paediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) can be challenging over time given that T1DM may cause a negative emotional burden and, consequently, result in poor metabolic control of the disease. The objectives of this study are to translate the Problem Area in Diabetes Survey–Pediatric version (PAID‐Peds) into Spanish, adapt it culturally and validate it.DesignMulticenter cross sectional study.Methods636 patients aged 8–17 years, diagnosed with T1DM, under treatment with insulin and follow‐up at the Miguel Servet University Hospital in Zaragoza (Aragón, Spain), the Ramón y Cajal University Clinical Hospital in Madrid (Spain) and at the Sant Joan de Déu Hospital in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain) between 1 January 2023 and 31 December 2024 will be included. This study will consist of two phases: (1) Translation and cultural adaptation of the original PAID‐Peds® survey into Spanish following eight steps; (2) Validation of the Spanish version of the PAIS‐Peds® survey. The statistical analysis will be performed using Jamovi® 2.1.23. The reliability or internal consistency will be calculated using Cronbach's alpha index (considering an index higher than 0.8 to be good) and the test–retest will be evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient. For validity, confirmatory factor analysis will be calculated. This study has been approved by the ethics and research committees at each centre.ResultsThe translation and validation into Spanish language of the Problem Area in Diabetes Survey‐Pediatric version will be feasible, valid and reliable to detecting the youth‐perceived burden of T1DM. Therapeutic education in diabetes—recommended by the WHO and the Diabetes Education Study Group—has shown encouraging results in glycaemia and psychosocial and behavioural factors in T1DM.
Triplet‐Singlet Emission of d‐Block Metal Complexes Characterized by Spin‐Orbit Natural Transition Orbitals
Authors: Zaichenko A. , Autschbach J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSpin‐orbit natural transition orbital (SO‐NTO) methodology, recently developed in our group for complete and restricted active space (CAS/RAS) wavefunction calculations, is applied to analyze triplet‐to‐singlet emission in transition metal complexes. The lowest‐energy (longest‐wavelength) spin‐forbidden transition
is studied for for [Ir(pbt)2(acac)] and [Re(CO)4(pbt)] and the complexes [W(CO)4(bpy)] and [Mo(CO)4(bpy)]. For the latter complexes, spin‐forbidden transitions from higher spin‐triplet levels are additionally analyzed. SO‐NTOs are compared with spin‐free NTOs for the transitions under consideration. The major assignment of a spin‐forbidden transition is obtained from the spin‐free NTO analysis, while the source of intensity of the electronic transition is revealed by the SO‐NTOs.
Modifying the properties of polyamide 6 with high‐performance environmentally friendly nano‐ and microsized reinforcing materials
Authors: Mészáros László , Bezerédi Ádám , Petrény Roland 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the morphological and mechanical properties of hybrid composites with a polyamide 6 (PA6) matrix and reinforced with basalt fibers (BFs) and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). The presence of reinforcing materials fundamentally changed the behavior of the molecules, which was morphologically manifested in the change in the ratio of the rigid and the mobile amorphous phase. The x‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopic images showed the crystal nucleating effect of the halloysite nanotubes. Based on these, we concluded that around the basalt fibers, an interphase is formed, while around the nanoparticles, a two‐layer interphase is created, the inner layer of which is semicrystalline, while the outer layer is rigid amorphous (RA). The nanoparticles are surrounded by a semicrystalline interphase, which is surrounded by an RA interphase. This overlaps with the interphase of the basalt fibers, therefore the halloysite nanotubes can effectively help the stress transfer from the matrix to the basalt fibers. The mechanical properties of the samples also reflected this: the hybrid composites had a significantly higher tensile modulus, tensile strength, and an unchanged elongation at break compared to the composite reinforced with only basalt fiber.Highlights
Environmentally friendly polyamide 6 matrix hybrid composites were prepared.
Uniform distribution of halloysite nanotubes was achieved.
Enhanced mechanical properties were observed for hybrid composites.
Halloysite nanotubes aid stress transfer from matrix to basalt fibers.
Halloysite nanotubes act as crystalline nucleating agents.
Dynamic performance of multi‐layered composite sandwich open cylindrical shells with double‐layered soft cores
Authors: Zhai Yanchun , Chang Lirong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the dynamic performance of Multi‐layered Sandwich Composite Cylindrical Open Shells (MSCCOS) with double‐layered soft cores is analyzed for the first time by adopting the First‐order Shear Deformation Theory (FSDT). For accomplishing this aim, vibration differential equations of MSCCOS are derived based on Hamilton's variance principle. Then, the closed‐form Navier solution is introduced to obtain the numerical results of differential equations. Subsequently, the effectiveness and accuracy are discussed by several comparisons. Ultimately, the dramatic effect of different structural and material parameters on natural frequencies and associated loss factors is investigated and described vividly. Because shear deformation and rotary inertia of all layers are considered in vibration differential equations, thin and moderately thick MSCCOS could be researched, and some interesting discoveries for the dynamic performance of MSCCOS are derived.Highlights
A vibration model of five‐layered composite open shell was obtained.
The optimal structure parameters maximizing the damping properties are shown.
Dynamics properties of five‐layered composite open shell are presented.
An innovative sample preparation strategy to visualize the crystalline structure of fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites by polarized optical microscopy
Authors: Yoshida Yuki , Furushima Yoshitomo , Yamamoto Takashi , Mizaikoff Boris 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study aims at an innovative sample preparation strategy for fiber reinforced thermoplastic (FRTP) composites analyzed via polarized optical microscopy to visualize the crystalline structure of the matrix resin. Investigating the structure is relevant for understanding the relationship with the mechanical properties. In general, polarized optical microscopy is a powerful technique for visualizing polymer crystalline structures at samples sliced into thin sections below 30 μm. However, analyzing FRTPs remains challenging in absence of suitable methods for the preparation of thin sections owing to the embedded fibers. Herein, the preparation of appropriately thin sections in a novel sequence of steps is shown that may generically be applied to FRTPs. Four different types of FRTPs with major matrix resins (GF/PBT, CF/PA6, CF/PEEK and GF/PP) were successfully processed to thickness of 5 μm or below without fiber loss, resin breakage or delamination between fiber and resin demonstrating the utility of the developed method, which is the significant outcome of the study. To the best of our knowledge, the subsequently obtained polarized optical microscopic images for the first time visualized the crystalline structure of the matrix resin revealing nucleation of crystals from the fiber surface and effects of mold flow on the crystallization behavior.Highlights
Thinning of fiber reinforced thermoplastics to thickness of 5 μm or below.
Thinning achieved despite fiber volume at industrial applications level.
Sample preparation ensures ideal conditions for polarized optical microscopy.
Visualization of crystalline structure of the matrix resin for the first time.
Potential advancement for spectroscopic and electron microscopic analyses.
Long‐term durability of thermoplastic elastomer containing antiviral additives for mobility applications
Authors: Iyigundogdu Zeynep , Couvreur Rachel , Tamrakar Sandeep , Yoon Jaewon , Basar Basak , Ersoy Osman G. , Sahin Fikrettin , Mielewski Deborah , Kiziltas Alper 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the mobility market, there is a demand from customers for antimicrobial protection. As a result, the market has grown considerably to provide antiviral and antimicrobial polymers and coatings. This study examines how the efficacy of a non‐commercial antimicrobial thermoplastic elastomer will change over the life of the application. Using an example application of an electric scooter handlebar grip, durability requirements were identified, and antiviral efficacy (exceeding a log value of 3 or >99.9 microbial growth reduction) was compared before and after testing. A scooter handlebar grip was selected as the ideal example application as it was a high‐touch surface, with several different riders. During the start of this study, scooter companies were encouraging their riders to disinfect scooter handlebars before riding, use hand sanitizer, and wear gloves. If the handlebar grip could be antimicrobial, then they could eliminate these steps and provide a safe ride for the users. In order to simulate long‐term durability, UV exposure, temperature, humidity, artificial sweat, sunscreen, insect repellent, and abrasion tests were performed and evaluated in terms of antiviral activity. Accelerated weathering reduced the virucidal activity of the sample versus unexposed antiviral thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). However, the efficacy increased with contact time from 90% to 96.83% at 30 and 120 min, respectively. Abrasion resistance of antiviral TPE showed a volume loss of 66 mm3 compared to control samples of 83 mm3. The antiviral TPE sample exhibited slightly lower efficacy compared to the control after exposure to the artificial sweat (99.43% vs. 99.95%). Additionally, a skin tolerance test conducted on rabbits showed that antiviral TPE was not an irritant and showed no dermal toxicity. The outcome of this study will lead to the development of long‐term durable antimicrobial material for the transportation industry.Highlights
The effectiveness of an antimicrobial material depends on various environmental factors.
Accelerated weathering of the antiviral TPE reduced the efficacy.
The antiviral TPE was non‐irritating to the skin.
Significant research needs to continue in this area to provide safe and robust solutions.
This approach to antimicrobial incorporation can now be applied to the transportation industry.
Exploring the therapeutic potential of quercetin: A focus on its sirtuin‐mediated benefits
Authors: Ungurianu Anca , Zanfirescu Anca , Margină Denisa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs the global population ages, preventing lifestyle‐ and aging‐related diseases is increasing, necessitating the search for safe and affordable therapeutic interventions. Among nutraceuticals, quercetin, a flavonoid ubiquitously present in various plants, has garnered considerable interest. This review aimed to collate and analyze existing literature on the therapeutic potentials of quercetin, especially its interactions with SIRTs and its clinical applicability based on its bioavailability and safety. This narrative review was based on a literature survey spanning from 2015 to 2023 using PUBMED. The keywords and MeSH terms used were: “quercetin” AND “bioavailability” OR “metabolism” OR “metabolites” as well as “quercetin” AND “SIRTuin” OR “SIRT*” AND “cellular effects” OR “pathway” OR “signaling” OR “neuroprotective” OR “cardioprotective” OR “nephroprotective” OR “antiatherosclerosis” OR “diabetes” OR “antidiabetic” OR “dyslipidemia” AND “mice” OR “rats”. Quercetin demonstrates multiple therapeutic activities, including neuroprotective, cardioprotective, and anti‐atherosclerotic effects. Its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antiviral, and immunomodulatory properties are well‐established. At a molecular level, it majorly interacts with SIRTs, particularly SIRT1 and SIRT6, and modulates numerous signaling pathways, contributing to its therapeutic effects. These pathways play roles in reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy regulation, mitochondrial biogenesis, glucose utilization, fatty acid oxidation, and genome stability. However, clinical trials on quercetin's effectiveness in humans are scarce. Quercetin exhibits a wide range of SIRT‐mediated therapeutic effects. Despite the compelling preclinical data, more standardized clinical trials are needed to fully understand its therapeutic potential. Future research should focus on addressing its bioavailability and safety concerns.
Robotic 8‐mm trocar fascial wounds: To close or not to close?
Authors: Milone Marco , Anoldo Pietro , Manigrasso Michele , Cantore Grazia , Campanile Silvia , Rompianesi Gianluca , Troisi Roberto Ivan , D’Amore Anna , De Palma Giovanni Domenico 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate 8‐mm robotic trocar site hernia (TSH) rate over the short and long term, providing aids to manage the related fascial wounds.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 320 patients undergoing robotic surgery was conducted. The primary outcome was 8‐mm TSH rate with a minimum follow‐up of 12 months. The secondary outcome was the rate of haematomas and infections related to 8‐mm wounds and their association with patient comorbidities and trocar position.ResultsOne case of TSH was observed (0.31%). There were 15 cases of wound infection (4.68%) and 22 cases of wound haematoma (6.87%). Trocar related complications were significantly associated with patient comorbidities, not with trocar position.ConclusionsOur results do not justify the 8‐mm fascial wound closure. Data concerning the association between trocar‐related complications and patient comorbidities strengthen the need to implement the control of metabolic state and correct administration of perioperative therapy in high‐risk patients.
Dual‐mode resilient model predictive control for cyber‐physical systems against DoS attacks
Authors: Yang Huan , Dai Li , Xie Huahui , Cai Pushen , Xia Yuanqing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this article, a resilient model predictive control algorithm incorporating a dual‐mode control strategy is proposed for a class of cyber‐physical systems subject to state and input constraints, additive disturbances and denial‐of‐service (DoS) attacks. An adversary aims to disrupt the controller‐to‐actuator channel by deploying adversarial jamming signals. By exploring the prediction uncertainty between a nominal model and an actual model and utilizing a constraint tightening technique, a novel set of constraints is developed, which guarantees robust constraint satisfaction in open‐loop mode caused by DoS attacks. A robust positive invariant set is designed, which allows the control mode to switch from rolling optimization to a state‐feedback control law when the state enters its interior, thus saving computational resources. We explicitly determine a critical duration for DoS attacks and, through theoretical analysis, establish that when the duration of DoS attacks falls below this critical value, the proposed algorithm ensures guaranteed recursive feasibility and robust asymptotic stability. Finally, some comparisons are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Fault‐tolerant control of observer‐based H∞ with sensor and actuator faults under two‐step event triggering mechanism
Authors: Lu Yang , Pang Guochen , Pan Ying , Liu Yang , Qiu Jianlong , Zhang Ancai , Cao Jinde 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article considers the design problem of observer‐based fault‐tolerant control under three faulty cases: sensor only, actuator only, and both sensor and actuator faults. To save communication resources, the event trigger mechanism method is used for sensor‐to‐observer and observer‐to‐controller transmissions. In this case, the design method of the new observer is given for obtaining estimating both states and faults which are used to design observer‐based fault‐tolerant controllers. In particular, the virtual observer is designed to suppress the effects of faults on the system. As the virtual observer contains unmeasurable system information, the real observer is built on top of the virtual observer to eliminate the unmeasurable information. Finally, the feasibility of the approach is tested with a numerical example.
Preparation of nZVI/MCM‐41/rGO for Adsorption of Nickel Ions from Water
Authors: Piao Mingyue , Peng Xue , Liu Hao , Zhang Wei , Teng Honghui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEmissions of nickel (Ni) are harmful to the environment and people‘s health. Although nano zero‐valent iron (nZVI) has a lot of potential for treating water pollution, its instability and tendency for aggregation have limited its application. In order to improve its properties, composite adsorbent MCM‐41/rGO supported nZVI (nZVI/MCM‐41/rGO) is designed for improving the properties of nZVI, and it is characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR and BET. The results show that it has an apparent Fe(0) crystallinity and modest rGO crystallinity, as well as a rough and porous structure. There are many oxygen‐containing groups found on the surface of nZVI/MCM‐41/rGO, such as −OH, −COOH, and Si−O. The pore diameter is concentrated at 23.82 nm, and the specific surface area is 15.94 cm2/g. The consequences of several parameters such as contact time, initial metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosage, and pH for adsorption efficiency were investigated. The best performance is occurred at pH 6, C0=80 mg/L with a 2 g/L adsorbent dosage, and after 180 min, a maximum adsorption capacity of 41.82 mg/g is reached at 333 K. The Dubinin‐Radushkevich isotherm and second order kinetic models fit the Ni(II) adsorption process well. It is determined through analysis of the thermodynamic parameters that the adsorption progress is endothermic (ΔH0>0) and spontaneous (ΔG0<0). nZVI/MCM‐41/rGO has proven to be an effective and alternative material for the removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous media due to its excellent removal ability, availability, and low cost.
Biomass Carbon Anchored Co‐N4 Single‐Atom Catalyst for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution, Oxygen Evolution and Alcohol Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Wang Shuang , Chen Yu , Wang Xiaoqiao , Liu Xinyu , Fu Xiaoqi , Yang Juan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGreat efforts have been made to boost the performance of electrochemical catalysts by regulating the electronic and geometric structures. However, the electrochemical catalytic properties have entered the bottleneck stage only depend on these methods, especially in alkaline or neutral conditions. It is highly desired to develop new strategy to make robust electrocatalysts. In this study, an atomic Co‐N4 catalyst embedded on nitrogen‐doped 3D hierarchically porous carbon has been prepared via a facile method of calcining the coordination compound. Benefiting from the unique properties of Co single‐atoms, they are coordinated with the heteroatom nitrogen of o‐phenylenediamine and melamine and anchored on the nitrogen‐doped porous carbon carriers. The as‐synthesized Co‐N‐LPC with a maximum Co single‐atom loading of 3.82 wt % features a high specific surface area of 196.6 m2 g−1 and exhibits decently high hydrogen evolution, oxygen evolution and alcohol oxidation catalytic activities in 1.0 mol L−1 KOH electrolyte with competitive overpotentials of 131, 318 and 124 mV at 10 mA cm−2 current density respectively. This study offers a cost‐effective electrocatalyst for water splitting or alcohol oxidation that can be used instead of noble metals in various renewable energy storage and conversion applications.
One‐pot Microwave‐assisted Synthesis of Pyrazolopyrimidines from 5‐Amino‐4‐thiocyanato‐pyrazoles with Vilsmeier Reagent
Authors: Zeng Wei‐Zheng , Zeng Jhih‐Jie , Chung Cheng‐Yen , Uramaru Naoto , Wong Fung Fuh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA facile one‐pot microwave‐assisted synthesis of pyrazolopyrimidines and pyrazolothiazoles was developed by reacting 5‐amino‐4‐thiocyanato‐pyrazoles with Vilsmeier Reagent (PBr3/foramide). The reaction gave the corresponding pyrazolopyrimidines as major products in good yields (61–85 %) and pyrazolothiazoles as minor products (11–23 % yields). The plausible reaction mechanism was proposed to account for the transformation of pyrazolopyrimidines and pyrazolothiazoles through two paths A and B. In path A, the reaction leading to the formation of pyrazolopyrimidines proceeded through four sequential steps, including acidic catalyzed cascade dethiocyanation/cyclization, Vilsmeier reaction, ring expansion, and deamination. The formation of the pyrazolothiazole in path B was caused by the nucleophilic heterocyclization reaction involving the sulfur nucleophilic reaction of thiocyanate (R−SC≡N) and the departure of a cyanamide. Based on the experimental results, we observed that the path A for the formation of pyrazolopyrimidines was more favorable.