bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collective emotions and the distributed emotion framework
Authors: Thonhauser Gerhard 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe main aim of this paper is to contribute to the development of the distributed emotion framework and to conceptualize collective emotions within that framework. According to the presented account, dynamics of mutual affecting and being affected might couple individuals such that macro-level self-organization of a distributed cognitive system emerges. The paper suggests calling a distributed self-organizing system consisting of several emoters a “collective.” The emergence of a collective with a distributed affective process enables the involved individuals to enact emotions together. Accordingly, the suggestion is to conceptualize collective emotions as mereologically complex affective processes consisting of contributions which are distributed among several individuals and integrated through ongoing macro-level self-organization. To spell-out this account, the paper combines key conceptual resources from dynamical systems theory, enactive cognitive science, ecological psychology, and phenomenology. A second aim of the paper is distinguishing collective emotions from group-based emotions and suggesting an understanding of shared emotions as a subtype of collective emotions within the distributed emotion framework.
Identifying kindergarteners at-risk of writing difficulties based on foundational literacy skills
Authors: Jiménez Juan E. , Rodríguez Cristina , Balade Jennifer 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe main aim of this study was to evaluate the Early Grade Writing Assessment for Kindergarten (EGWA-K), which is grounded in foundational literacy skills, for its validity and diagnostic accuracy in identifying children at risk of developing early learning disabilities in writing (LDW). To the best of our knowledge, no such tool exists for Spanish-speaking children. A sample of 363 Spanish kindergarten children aged 4.7 to 6.6 years was selected for this purpose. The EGWA-K protocol, comprising four tasks (i.e., phonological awareness, writing words from pictures, free writing of words, and oral narrative), was administered to the sample. Additionally, two criterion tasks based on free letter writing and teacher ratings were included for validation purposes. First, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted using parallel analysis to determine the dimensionality of the EGWA-K, which was confirmed by a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) yielding two factors (one related to transcription ability and the other to narrative competence). Additionally, measurement invariance was confirmed at the configural, metric, scalar, and residual levels by gender. The EGWA-K had an acceptable area under the ROC curve (AUC in the 0.87 range), particularly when free letter writing was utilized as the criterion measure, with adequate sensitivity (0.90) and specificity (0.71) indices. Therefore, a reliable and construct-valid screening tool such as the EGWA-K is now available for the early identification of LDW in Spanish kindergarten children.
Shedding Light on the Dark Corners of the Law, by Walking Hand in Hand with Professor Sacco, Master of Italian Comparative Law
Authors: Grande Elisabetta 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMaking use as a guideline of a self-authored manuscript—dated February 2000—where the “Maestro” reveals himself, this essay explores the academic life and the scholarly achievements of Rodolfo Sacco, the Italian master of comparative law, who just recently passed away. His intellectual endeavor is described throughout the lenses of a common thread that underlies his entire scholarly output: it his ability to illuminate the dark places of law, finding it where no one had sought it before. This is the essence of his original contribution to the understanding of the legal landscape’s dynamics and it is the core of his cultural legacy, not only to comparative lawyers, but also to the community of the jurists at large.
Data-Driven Forecasting of Sunspot Cycles: Pros and Cons of a Hybrid Approach
Authors: Xu Qinglin , Jain Rekha , Xing Wei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the number of sunspots is crucial for comprehending the Sun’s magnetic-activity cycle and its influence on space weather and the Earth. Recent advancements in machine learning have significantly improved the accuracy of time-series predictions, revealing a compelling approach for sunspot forecasts. Our work takes the pioneering work by proposing a hybrid forecasting approach that combines the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) with machine-learning algorithms like Random Forest and Support Vector Machine, delivering high prediction accuracy. Despite its high accuracy, we highlight the need for caution in deploying machine-learning-based methods for sunspot-number prediction, demonstrated through a detailed case study with only three extra time stamps leading to a dramatic change. More specifically, when making a forecast of monthly averaged sunspot numbers from 2023–2043 based on data from 1749–2023, we found that the observations in June, July, and August 2023 have a significant impact on the forecast, particularly in the long term. Given the multiseasonal and nonstationary nature of the sunspot time series, we conclude that this kind of phenomenon cannot be simply captured by a pure data-driven model, which can be highly sensitive in the forecast in the long term, and requires a more comprehensive approach, possibly with a model that includes physics.
Boosting general-purpose stream processing with reconfigurable hardware
Authors: Ottimo Alberto , Mencagli Gabriele , Danelutto Marco 
Published: February 2024

AbstractReconfigurable devices such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) offer flexible solutions to workload acceleration with high energy efficiency. Despite such a potential advantage, they often reveal hard to program by application programmers. High-level synthesis languages have been developed to provide higher-level abstractions, allowing the developers to define the FPGA behavior using an imperative programming approach based on C/C++ languages. However, such approaches still leave the developer with the responsibility to harness the low-level optimizations required to develop efficient FPGA programs. Along this line, this paper introduces , a framework helping programmers to develop FPGA-accelerated data stream processing (DSP) applications. The approach provides a high-level Python API to develop the data-flow graph of operators, which is automatically translated into an efficient Vitis source code targeting Xilinx devices. The execution of the bitstreams implementing two benchmark applications showcases the efficiency of using FPGAs for DSP workloads. In general, provides, with a reasonable time-to-solution, higher performance compared with state-of-the-art DSP frameworks.
Bridging domains: examining the effects of relevance instructions and guiding questions on pre-service teachers’ first- and second-order knowledge integration
Authors: Lehmann Thomas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe conceptualization of pre-service teachers’ knowledge integration typically involves the distinction of two types: first-order knowledge integration, which includes merging domain-specific knowledge entities into a common knowledge base, and second-order knowledge integration, which refers to the integrated (simultaneous) application of knowledge from diverse domains. This study investigates the effect of instructional prompts in the form of (a) relevance instructions and (b) guiding questions on promoting pre-service teachers’ first-order knowledge integration in a reading- and writing-based learning setting with three domain-specific study texts: one text each referring to content knowledge (CK), general pedagogical knowledge (PK), or pedagogical-content knowledge (PCK). Furthermore, the study explores whether pre-service teachers’ second-order knowledge integration depends on the degree to which they engaged in first-order knowledge integration when reading and writing about different domain-specific learning contents. The study applied a three parallel group experimental design. An analysis of essays written by N = 83 German language pre-service teachers indicated positive effects of both prompts on first-order knowledge integration. Moreover, a mediation analysis showed that pre-service teachers’ second-order knowledge integration is mediated by their first-order knowledge integration. The results are discussed and integrated into the existing body of research, practical implications are presented, and limitations of the study are explained.
Bird population changes in urban green spaces explained by regional population trends
Authors: Skjelvik Carmen Emilie , Dale Svein 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUrban bird species represent a subset of the regional species pool, consisting of species that have been able to survive in, or colonise, urban areas. Urban birds are typically resident non-forest species with a broad diet and nesting high in trees or in cavities, and some studies have also claimed that they are large-brained. However, little is known about how urban bird communities change over time. Does the urban environment impose specific selective pressures favouring particular species or ecological groups, or do birds in urban areas simply have population changes reflecting population trends at larger scales? We assessed population changes of 45 breeding land bird species in Oslo, the capital of Norway, based on surveys conducted ca. 15 years apart. Population changes within Oslo most closely matched changes occurring at the regional level (national population trends from Norway and Sweden). Thus, species increasing in Oslo were those that also increased at the regional level. We found no evidence that relative brain size, diet or habitat preferences influenced population trends. However, controlling for regional population trends, there were additional residual effects of nest site and migration: species nesting on the ground or low in bushes had more positive changes than species nesting high in trees or in cavities, and resident species did better than long- or short-distance migrants. These results indicate that urban environments are not isolated islands only influenced by own selection pressures, but are connected with regional population dynamics, most likely through immigration.
Fertility Intention in Hong Kong: Declining Trend and Associated Factors
Authors: Chen Mengtong , Lo Camilla Kin Ming , Chen Qiqi , Chan Ko Ling , Ip Patrick 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHong Kong is characterized by extremely low fertility, with a total fertility rate of 0.701 in 2022. This paper reports significant declines in the intention to have children among non-parents and in the desire to have more children among parents, based on data from the Family Surveys conducted in Hong Kong in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2017, which imply more dramatic demographic changes in the future. Drawing on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), this paper explored individuals’ attitudes toward marriage and having children, family functioning variables indicating subjective norms regarding fertility, and housing status and parenting stress relating to individuals’ control over fertility behavior. The results show that among non-parent respondents, being older and possessing a secondary education were associated with a lower level of fertility intention, whereas being a tenant, having positive attitudes toward marriage and having children, and having higher levels of family mutuality and harmony were associated with a higher level of fertility intention. Among parent respondents, parenting stress significantly inhibited the desire to have more children, regardless of financial matters and family environment. The findings suggest that fertility intentions can be remade over the life course. This paper, based on the TPB framework, can help guide the development and adoption of policies and supportive programs to improve fertility intentions in Hong Kong.
CO2 adsorption by KOH-activated hydrochar derived from banana peel waste
Authors: Goel Chirag , Mohan Sooraj , Dinesha P. , Rosen Marc A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHydrothermal carbonization is one of the effective methods of converting wet lignocellulosic biomass into carbon-rich hydrochar. Due to its characteristic application on CO2 capture and storage, many researchers have studied the CO2 uptake on activated hydrochar. The present work studies the CO2 uptake from banana-peel-derived activated hydrochar which is not presented in the literature. Hydrochar is obtained at three different temperatures (180, 200, and 220 °C) and activated using KOH. Characterization studies including SEM, XRD and FTIR were performed to examine the structure and chemistry of the derived activated hydrochar. The hydrochar sample (BP-180) when activated with a KOH/hydrochar ratio of 3 and an activation temperature of 700 °C has a well-developed microstructure with a surface area and pore volume of 243.4 m2/g and 0.0931 cm3/g, respectively. Samples obtained at higher process temperatures (BP-200 and BP-220) showed much lower porosity. Similarly, the maximum CO2 adsorption is recorded for BP-180 (3.8 mmol/g), followed by BP-200 and BP-220 with maximum adsorption capacities of 3.71 and 3.18 mmol/g, respectively, at 1 bar and 25 °C.
Feasibility of robotic cholecystectomy at an academic center with a young robotic surgery program: a retrospective cohort study with umbrella review
Authors: Corzo Maria Paula , Tomey Daniel , Martinino Alessandro , Secchi Roberto , Elzein Steven , Lee Yoon Kyung , Abou-Mrad Adel , Oviedo Rodolfo J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLaparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has been standard of care for surgical treatment of benign gallbladder pathology for decades. With the advent of robotic surgical technology, robotic cholecystectomy (RC) has gained attention as an alternative to conventional laparoscopy. This study introduces a single-surgeon experience with laparoscopic versus robotic cholecystectomy and an umbrella systematic review of the outcomes of both approaches. A retrospective chart review was performed at a single institution on a prospectively maintained database of patients undergoing laparoscopic or robotic cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder pathology. An umbrella systematic review was conducted using PRISMA methodology. A total of 103 patients were identified; 61 patients underwent LC and 42 underwent RC. In the RC cohort, 17 cases were completed using a four-port technique while 25 were completed using a three-port technique. Patients undergoing RC were older compared to the LC group (44.78 vs 57.02 years old; p < 0.001) and exhibited lower body mass index (29.37 vs 32.37 kg/m2, p = 0.040). No statistically significant difference in operative time or need for postoperative ERCP was noted. Neither this series nor the umbrella systematic review revealed significant differences in conversion to open surgery or readmissions between the LC and RC cohorts. Three-port RC was associated with reduced operative time compared to four-port RC (101.28 vs 150.76 min; p < 0.001). Robotic cholecystectomy is feasible and safe at a young robotic surgery program in an academic center setting and comparable to laparoscopic cholecystectomy clinical outcomes.
Constructed wetlands as nature based solutions – hands-on activities to highlight their potential to minimize ocean pollution
Authors: Almeida C. Marisa R. , Azevedo Tomé , Guimarães Laura 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis work presents an engaging hands-on activity designed to teach school students about nature based solutions (NBS) and their role in achieving high-quality water systems within a sustainable circular economy. Through this activity, students actively participate in building a small constructed wetland (CW) and test its effectiveness under various contamination scenarios. The activity was tested with school teachers, undergoing refinements based on their feedback. This iterative development process has ensured the activity’s effectiveness in engaging both school students and the public. Further, the CW model can be scaled-up for specific school projects focused on improving water quality. This activity offers valuable opportunities to enhance ocean literacy, promote understanding on NBS and raise awareness about aquatic ecosystems contamination and the importance of environmental sustainability.
Advanced Electroanatomic Mapping: Current and Emerging Approaches
Authors: Narayan Sanjiv M. , John Roy M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose of review
Contemporary ablation for complex arrhythmias raises several challenges for electroanatomic mapping. We examine how current and emerging systems may meet these challenges, and we outline major unmet needs.

Recent findings
The latest versions of the 3 major systems (Carto™, Ensite X™, and Rhythmia™) all construct near real-time maps of cardiac anatomy, which can be registered to tomographic images that integrate thousands of electrical points from high-resolution catheters to create activation maps, and display voltage, proprietary features, and ablation lesion locations. While these systems have improved procedural efficiency, it is less clear that they have improved ablation outcomes particularly for atrial fibrillation (AF), scar-related atrial flutter, ventricular tachycardia (VT), and fibrillation (VF). These remain urgent needs.

Summary
Cardiac electroanatomic mapping has reached a mature stage for supraventricular and many ventricular arrhythmias. Novel functional mapping systems have shown success in improving ablation outcomes for AF, VT, and VF in small patient series, but none in randomized trials of broad unselected patient cohorts.
Cardiotoxicity After Synthetic Cathinone Use; Two Cases, A Case Series and Scoping Review
Authors: Groenewegen K. L. , Gresnigt F. M. J. , Lonkhuyzen J. J. Nugteren-van , den Haan C. , Franssen E. J. F. , Riezebos R. K. , Ohana D. , de Lange D. W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe cardiotoxic effects of synthetic cathinones remain largely unknown. In this study, we present two cases, a case series and a scoping review, to explore synthetic cathinone associated cardiotoxicity. Case 1 involved a 28-year-old male with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction after ingesting a substance containing 4-methylmethcathinone (4-MMC), 3-methylmethcathinon (3-MMC), and methcathinone. Case 2 involved a 49-year-old male with ventricular fibrillation after 4-methylmethcathinone ingestion, who was diagnosed with severe three-vessel disease. A retrospective analysis was performed on self-reported synthetic cathinone poisonings reported to the Dutch Poisons Information Centre from 2012 to 2022. A total of 222 mono-intoxications with cardiotoxicity were included, mostly involving 3-methylmethcathinon (63%). Often tachycardia, hypertension, palpitations, and chest pain were reported. A comprehensive literature search was performed on PubMed to identify the studies reporting cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, cardiac inflammation, cardiomyopathy, and life-threatening arrhythmias following synthetic cathinone use. A total of 30 articles reporting 40 cases were included. The reported complications included cardiac arrest (n = 28), ventricular tachycardia (n = 4), supraventricular tachycardia (n = 1), ST-elevation myocardial infarction (n = 2), non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (n = 2), cardiomyopathy (n = 1), and myocarditis (n = 2). A total of ten different associated synthetic cathinones were identified. Cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, and ventricular arrhythmias have been reported following the use of synthetic cathinones, underscoring the importance of obtaining a detailed recreational drug use history from patients presenting with syncope, chest pain, or palpitations.
Delphi consensus for the third-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: García-Alfonso Pilar , Vera Ruth , Aranda Enrique , Élez Elena , Rivera Fernando 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The optimal drug regimen and sequence are still unknown for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who are candidates for third-line (3L) or subsequent treatment. The aim of this study is to know the opinion of experts on the most appropriate treatment options for mCRC in 3L and to clarify certain clinical decisions in Spain.

Methods
Using a modified Delphi method, a group of experts discussed the treatment in 3L of patients with mCRC and developed a questionnaire with 21 items divided into 5 sections.

Results
After 2 rounds, the 67 panelists consulted agreed on 17 items (81%). They considered that the main objective of 3L is to equally increase survival and improve patients’ quality of life (QoL), but preferably the QoL. It was agreed that patients with mCRC in 3L prefer to receive active versus symptomatic treatment. Panelists considered trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) to be the best oral treatment available to them in 3L. In patients with MSI-H or dMMR and BRAF V600E, the panelists mostly prefer targeted treatments. Panelists agreed the use of a therapeutic sequence that not only increases outcomes but also allows patients to be treated later. Finally, it was agreed that FTD/TPI has a mechanism of action that allows it to be used in patients refractory to previous treatment with 5-fluorouracil.

Conclusion
The experts agreed with most of the proposed items on 3L treatment of mCRC, prioritizing therapeutic options that increase survival and preserve QoL, while facilitating the possibility that patients can continue to be treated later.
Computer vision for transit travel time prediction: an end-to-end framework using roadside urban imagery
Authors: Abdelhalim Awad , Zhao Jinhua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAccurate travel time estimation is paramount for providing transit users with reliable schedules and dependable real-time information. This work is the first to utilize roadside urban imagery to aid transit agencies and practitioners in improving travel time prediction. We propose and evaluate an end-to-end framework integrating traditional transit data sources with a roadside camera for automated image data acquisition, labeling, and model training to predict transit travel times across a segment of interest. First, we show how the General Transit Feed Specification real-time data can be utilized as an efficient activation mechanism for a roadside camera unit monitoring a segment of interest. Second, automated vehicle location data is utilized to generate ground truth labels for the acquired images based on the observed transit travel time percentiles across the camera-monitored segment during the time of image acquisition. Finally, the generated labeled image dataset is used to train and thoroughly evaluate a Vision Transformer (ViT) model to predict a discrete transit travel time range (band). The results of this exploratory study illustrate that the ViT model is able to learn image features and contents that best help it deduce the expected travel time range with an average validation accuracy ranging between 80 and 85%. We assess the interpretability of the ViT model’s predictions and showcase how this discrete travel time band prediction can subsequently improve continuous transit travel time estimation. The workflow and results presented in this study provide an end-to-end, scalable, automated, and highly efficient approach for integrating traditional transit data sources and roadside imagery to improve the estimation of transit travel duration. This work also demonstrates the added value of incorporating real-time information from computer-vision sources, which are becoming increasingly accessible and can have major implications for improving transit operations and passenger real-time information.