bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning-based fracturing parameter optimization for horizontal wells in Panke field shale oil
Authors: Li Weirong , Zhang Tianyang , Liu Xinju , Dong Zhenzhen , Dong Guoqing , Qian Shihao , Yang Zhanrong , Zou Lu , Lin Keze , Zhang Tao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the process of developing tight oil and gas reservoirs, multistage fractured horizontal wells (NFHWs) can greatly increase the production rate, and the optimal design of its fracturing parameters is also an important means to further increase the production rate. Accurate production prediction is essential for the formulation of effective development strategies and development plans before and during project execution. In this study, a novel workflow incorporating machine learning (ML) and particle swarm optimization algorithms (PSO) is proposed to predict the production rate of multi-stage fractured horizontal wells in tight reservoirs and optimize the fracturing parameters. The researchers conducted 10,000 numerical simulation experiments to build a complete training and validation dataset, based on which five machine learning production prediction models were developed. As input variables for yield prediction, eight key factors affecting yield were selected. The results of the study show that among the five models, the random forest (RF) model best establishes the mapping relationship between feature variables and yield. After verifying the validity of the Random Forest-based yield prediction model, the researchers combined it with the particle swarm optimization algorithm to determine the optimal combination of fracturing parameters under the condition of maximizing the net present value. A hybrid model, called ML-PSO, is proposed to overcome the limitations of current production forecasting studies, which are difficult to maximize economic returns and optimize the fracturing scheme based on operator preferences (e.g., target NPV). The designed workflow can not only accurately and efficiently predict the production of multi-stage fractured horizontal wells in real-time, but also be used as a parameter selection tool to optimize the fracture design. This study promotes data-driven decision-making for oil and gas development, and its tight reservoir production forecasts provide the basis for accurate forecasting models for the oil and gas industry.
Evaluation metrics and statistical tests for machine learning
Authors: Rainio Oona , Teuho Jarmo , Klén Riku 
Published: March 2024

AbstractResearch on different machine learning (ML) has become incredibly popular during the past few decades. However, for some researchers not familiar with statistics, it might be difficult to understand how to evaluate the performance of ML models and compare them with each other. Here, we introduce the most common evaluation metrics used for the typical supervised ML tasks including binary, multi-class, and multi-label classification, regression, image segmentation, object detection, and information retrieval. We explain how to choose a suitable statistical test for comparing models, how to obtain enough values of the metric for testing, and how to perform the test and interpret its results. We also present a few practical examples about comparing convolutional neural networks used to classify X-rays with different lung infections and detect cancer tumors in positron emission tomography images.
Preparation and Physicochemical Characterization of Hyaluronic Acid-Lysine Nanogels Containing Serratiopeptidase to Control Biofilm Formation
Authors: Mahdiani Hanieh , Yazdani Faegheh , Khoramipour Mahsa , Valizadeh Vahideh , Bakhshandeh Haleh , Dinarvand Rassoul 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRemarkable resistance of bacterial biofilms to high doses of antimicrobials and antibiotics is one of their main challenges. Encapsulation of proteolytic enzymes is one of the suggested strategies to tackle this problem. In this regard, the antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of biocompatible hyaluronic acid- Lysine nanogels containing serratiopeptidase (SRP-loaded HA-Lys nanogel) was assessed against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus strains. SRP-loaded HA-Lys nanogel was prepared using dropping method and optimized by Box-Behnken experimental design. These formulations were studied for physical characterization, release profile, stability, bioactivity, and anti-biofilm effects. The particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and surface charge were measured by Zetasizer Nano ZS. The average particle size and zeta potential of the optimum sample were 156 nm and -14.1 mV, respectively. SRP release showed an initial burst followed by sustained release and the highest release was around 77%. Enzyme biological activity data revealed the higher efficiency of free SRP compared to SRP-loaded HA-Lys nanogel. The time-kill assay showed that both forms of SRP-loaded HA-Lys nanogel and blank HA-Lys nanogel showed significant antimicrobial activity against examined bacteria in comparison to the free enzyme. The obtained results demonstrated improved anti-biofilm efficacy and down regulation of tested biofilm genes for both SRP-loaded HA-Lys nanogel 100% and blank HA-Lys nanogel 100% compared to SRP 100%.
Association between sarcopenia and hearing impairment in middle-aged and elderly people in China: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Zeqi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study used longitudinal data from CHARLS 2011–2018 for cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and hearing impairment in middle-aged and elderly adults in China. The study selected 9723 participants aged 45 years and older from CHARLS 2011 and followed up in 2015 and 2018. Binary logistic regression and cox proportional risk regression models were used for testing. The results of the study showed that in the cross-sectional analysis, probable sarcopenia was significantly associated with hearing impairment compared with the group without sarcopenia [OR (95% CI) 0.342 (1.187, 1.669), p < 0.001], but sarcopenia was not significantly associated with hearing impairment. In the longitudinal analysis, middle-aged and elderly adults with sarcopenia [HR (95% CI) 0.354 (1.043, 1.945), p < 0.01] were more likely to have hearing impairment than those with probable sarcopenia and without sarcopenia. Probable sarcopenia was strongly associated with hearing impairment in middle-aged and elderly adults, whereas sarcopenia was a strong predictor of hearing impairment over the next 7 years. The results of this study emphasize the urgent need for measures to address sarcopenia in order to prevent and delay the decline in hearing function.
Prevalence of urgent hospitalizations caused by adverse drug reactions: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Komagamine Junpei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdverse drug reactions account for a substantial portion of emergency hospital admissions. However, in the last decade, few studies have been conducted to determine the prevalence of hospitalization due to adverse drug reactions. Therefore, this cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the proportion of adverse drug reactions leading to emergency hospital admission and to evaluate the risk factors for these reactions. A total of 5707 consecutive patients aged > 18 years who were emergently hospitalized due to acute medical illnesses between June 2018 and May 2021 were included. Causality assessment for adverse drug reactions was performed by using the World Health Organization-Uppsala Monitoring Centre criteria. The median patient age was 78 years (IQR 63–87), and the proportion of women was 47.9%. Among all the hospitalizations, 287 (5.0%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.5–5.6%) were caused by 368 adverse drug reactions. The risk factors independently associated with hospitalization due to adverse drug reactions were polypharmacy (OR 2.66), age ≥ 65 years (OR 2.00), and ambulance use (OR 1.41). Given that the population is rapidly aging worldwide, further efforts are needed to minimize hospitalizations caused by adverse drug reactions.
Simulation on two-phase refrigerant compression in the cylinder of rotary compressors using CFD method
Authors: Guo Nini , Lin Jie , Wu Jianhua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe two-phase compression process in the rotary compressor often occurs, such as defrosting and startup processes, which has a significant impact on the performance and reliability of air conditioning systems. In this paper, the CFD simulations predicting the two-phase refrigerant compression process in the compressor cylinder are conducted using the commercial software ANSYS Fluent. The dynamic mesh for the fluid domain and phase change model for the refrigerant are considered in the simulation. Effects of initial liquid volume fraction, refrigerant type and compressor type on the two-phase compression characteristics using R290 as refrigerant are carried out. Variations of the pressure, temperature, gas fraction distribution and evaporation rate in the cylinder are discussed. The results show that most liquid accumulates near the leakage gap and the bottom of the compression chamber during the two-phase compression process. The peak pressure during the two-phase compression decreases with the increase of the liquid volume fraction. The evaporation rate of R32 in the cylinder is much higher than that of R290. The maximum pressure of the reciprocating compressor is 2.26 times higher than that of the rotary compressor.
Deep learning analysis of epicardial adipose tissue to predict cardiovascular risk in heavy smokers
Authors: Foldyna Borek , Hadzic Ibrahim , Zeleznik Roman , Langenbach Marcel C. , Raghu Vineet K. , Mayrhofer Thomas , Lu Michael T. , Aerts Hugo J. W. L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Heavy smokers are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and may benefit from individualized risk quantification using routine lung cancer screening chest computed tomography. We investigated the prognostic value of deep learning-based automated epicardial adipose tissue quantification and compared it to established cardiovascular risk factors and coronary artery calcium.

Methods
We investigated the prognostic value of automated epicardial adipose tissue quantification in heavy smokers enrolled in the National Lung Screening Trial and followed for 12.3 (11.9–12.8) years. The epicardial adipose tissue was segmented and quantified on non-ECG-synchronized, non-contrast low-dose chest computed tomography scans using a validated deep-learning algorithm. Multivariable survival regression analyses were then utilized to determine the associations of epicardial adipose tissue volume and density with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (myocardial infarction and stroke).

Results
Here we show in 24,090 adult heavy smokers (59% men; 61 ± 5 years) that epicardial adipose tissue volume and density are independently associated with all-cause (adjusted hazard ratios: 1.10 and 1.38; P < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (adjusted hazard ratios: 1.14 and 1.78; P < 0.001) beyond demographics, clinical risk factors, body habitus, level of education, and coronary artery calcium score.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that automated assessment of epicardial adipose tissue from low-dose lung cancer screening images offers prognostic value in heavy smokers, with potential implications for cardiovascular risk stratification in this high-risk population.
A physics-informed deep learning liquid crystal camera with data-driven diffractive guidance
Authors: Shi Jiashuo , Liu Taige , Zhou Liang , Yan Pei , Wang Zhe , Zhang Xinyu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhether in the realms of computer vision, robotics, or environmental monitoring, the ability to monitor and follow specific targets amidst intricate surroundings is essential for numerous applications. However, achieving rapid and efficient target tracking remains a challenge. Here we propose an optical implementation for rapid tracking with negligible digital post-processing, leveraging an all-optical information processing. This work combines a diffractive-based optical nerual network with a layered liquid crystal electrical addressing architecture, synergizing the parallel processing capabilities inherent in light propagation with liquid crystal dynamic adaptation mechanism. Through a one-time effort training, the trained network enable accurate prediction of the desired arrangement of liquid crystal molecules as confirmed through numerical blind testing. Then we establish an experimental camera architecture that synergistically combines an electrically-tuned functioned liquid crystal layer with materialized optical neural network. With integrating the architecture into optical imaging path of a detector plane, this optical computing camera offers a data-driven diffractive guidance, enabling the identification of target within complex backgrounds, highlighting its high-level vision task implementation and problem-solving capabilities.
The functional significance of the RPA- and PCNA-dependent recruitment of Pif1 to DNA
Authors: Kotenko Oleksii , Makovets Svetlana 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPif1 family helicases are multifunctional proteins conserved in eukaryotes, from yeast to humans. They are important for the genome maintenance in both nuclei and mitochondria, where they have been implicated in Okazaki fragment processing, replication fork progression and termination, telomerase regulation and DNA repair. While the Pif1 helicase activity is readily detectable on naked nucleic acids in vitro, the in vivo functions rely on recruitment to DNA. We identify the single-stranded DNA binding protein complex RPA as the major recruiter of Pif1 in budding yeast, in addition to the previously reported Pif1-PCNA interaction. The two modes of the Pif1 recruitment act independently during telomerase inhibition, as the mutations in the Pif1 motifs disrupting either of the recruitment pathways act additively. In contrast, both recruitment mechanisms are essential for the replication-related roles of Pif1 at conventional forks and during the repair by break-induced replication. We propose a molecular model where RPA and PCNA provide a double anchoring of Pif1 at replication forks, which is essential for the Pif1 functions related to the fork movement.
A short wave radar beam sharpening method based on generalised oblique projection operator with flexible parameter
Authors: Mao Xingpeng , Li Ju , Huang Heyue , Wang Yiming , Lang Junjie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBeamforming is an effective way of resolving target direction and anti‐jamming in short wave (SW) radar systems. In conventional beamforming (CBF) at a certain frequency, to get high resolution, the array aperture should be increased, and this is often not allowed in practical applications. A new narrow beam forming (NBF) method for beam sharpening based on the generalised oblique projection (GOP) filter with a flexible parameter is proposed. This method uses a GOP filter bank to form deep nulls in the undesired azimuth range on the pattern and utilises the logic product process to synthesise the GOP filters’ outputs and thus obtains a narrow beam. Compared to traditional beamforming methods, the result of NBF has the characteristics of narrower beam width and bigger side lobe suppression ratio (SLSR). Especially, a narrower beam can be obtained in the case of a small array aperture, which is valuable for practical applications. Experimental results of the range‐Doppler spectrum of short wave radar show that this narrow beam forming method can achieve super resolution of targets within a wide beam and greatly suppress clutter. Therefore, NBF can improve the azimuth resolution and achieve interference suppression in a conventional beam.
Psychoedukation für Patienten mit Migrationshintergrund
Authors: Ueberberg Bianca , Staudt Jonas , Kaaz Tatjana , Bilgin Betül , Goulbourn Alexandra , Koch Eckhard , Assion Hans-Jörg 
Published: March 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGMigration kann persönliche und seelische Belastungen sowie Auswirkungen auf das gesundheitliche Befinden mit sich bringen. Allerdings bestehen für Personen mit Migrationshintergrund Barrieren im Gesundheitssystem und die Anzahl kultursensibler Angebote ist gering. Zudem haben die wenigen kultursensiblen Angebote oftmals nur temporären Bestand und sind stark von einzelnen Protagonisten abhängig. Mit der Entwicklung des Manuals „Interkulturelle Psychoedukation für Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund“ sollte ein kultursensibles Angebot mit dem Ziel der Steigerung der Versorgungsqualität für Migranten geschaffen werden. Dabei steht die Wissensvermittlung über das tägliche Leben in Deutschland, Prävention, soziale Kontakte und Hilfsangebote, aber auch psychische Erkrankungen im Vordergrund. Zur Evaluation dieser interkulturellen Psychoedukation (iP) erfolgten Prä-/Post-Erhebungen evaluierter Fragebögen sowie selbst entwickelter Fragebögen zum Kenntnisgewinn bzw. der Pateientenzufriedenheit. Bei einer hohen Zufriedenheit mit dem Angebot, wurden die Module (Inhalt und sprachliches Verständnis) mit gut bis sehr gut bewertet. Ein signifikant verbesserter Kenntnisstand und eine signifikante Verbesserung in der Offenheit über Problem zu sprechen konnte im Prä-/Post-Vergleich identifiziert werden, während es keine signifikanten Veränderungen in der Selbstwirksamkeit und den Migrationsstressoren gab.Den Teilnehmenden konnte im Rahmen der iP die Basis für ein Shared-Decision-Making vermittelt werden. Die Wissens- und Informationsvermittlung verbesserte das Verständnis über die psychischen Störungen, wodurch Rückfälle verhindert und stationäre Behandlungszeiten verkürzt oder vermieden werden können.
Klinische Verläufe und Kosten für Hospitalisierungen von COVID-19-Patienten mit potenziell eingeschränktem Immunsystem in Deutschland
Authors: Häckl Dennis , Pignot Marc , Dang Phi Long , Lauenroth Victoria , Jah Fungwe , Wendtner Clemens-Martin 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Patienten, die wegen ihrer Erkrankung bzw. Therapie ein erhöhtes Risiko haben, unzureichend auf COVID-19-Impfungen anzusprechen, sind potenziell vulnerabel gegenüber schweren COVID-19-Verläufen. Ziel ist es, ihre Populationsgröße, klinischen Verläufe und Hospitalisierungskosten in Deutschland zu beurteilen.
Methode Die retrospektive Kohortenstudie basiert auf Hochrechnungen einer repräsentativen Stichprobe von GKV-Abrechnungsdaten des Jahres 2020. Klinische COVID-19-Verläufe, Hospitalisierungskosten und -dauern werden zwischen der Gruppe mit erhöhtem Risiko für inadäquate Immunreaktion auf COVID-19-Impfungen (Risikogruppe) und der Gruppe ohne dieses Risiko verglichen.
Ergebnisse Es gibt ca. 1,82 Mio. GKV-Versicherte in der Risikogruppe, von denen schätzungsweise 240 000 Versicherte keine humorale Immunantwort nach 3 COVID-19-Impfungen bilden. Die Risikogruppe zeigt im Vergleich zur Gruppe ohne Risiko höhere Anteile mit COVID-19 (Relatives Risiko [RR] 1,21; 95 %-Konfidenzintervall [95 %-KI] 1,20–1,23), Hospitalisierungen wegen COVID-19 (RR 3,40; 95 %-KI 3,33–3,48), Hospitalisierungen wegen COVID-19 mit intensivmedizinischer Behandlung (RR 1,36; 95 %-KI 1,30–1,42) und Mortalität (RR 5,14; 95 %-KI 4,97–5,33). Zudem sind Hospitalisierungen in der Risikogruppe durchschnittlich 18 % länger (15,36 Tage vs. 13,00 Tage) und 19 % teurer (12 371 € vs. 10 410 €). Die erwarteten Hospitalisierungskosten in der Risikogruppe betragen das Vierfache der Gruppe ohne Risiko (4115 € vs. 1017 €).
Diskussion Die Risikogruppe ist vulnerabel gegenüber COVID-19 und beansprucht zusätzliche Ressourcen im deutschen stationären Sektor. Hieraus resultiert ein Bedarf an weiteren Schutzmöglichkeiten. Weitere Studien sind notwendig, um den Einfluss verschiedener Virusvarianten, aktiver/passiver Immunisierungen und Therapien auf die klinischen COVID-19-Verläufe und deren Kosten zu bewerten.
Zweizeitige mikrochirurgische Weichteilrekonstruktion einer komplexen
sakralen Wunde unter Verwendung eines arteriovenösen Loops
Authors: Geber Benjamin , Landscheidt Kristina , Goertz Ole , Hernekamp Jochen-Frederick 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Weichteilrekonstruktion sakraler Defektwunden ist herausfordernd und verläuft
häufig komplikativ. Wir berichten über die erfolgreiche zweizeitige
dreidimensionale mikrochirurgische Weichteilrekonstruktion eines großflächigen
und tiefen sakralen Defekts unter Anschluss einer freien kombinierten
ALT-/TFL-/Rectus-femoris-Lappenplastik an einen primär angelegten arteriovenösen
(AV-)Loop der ipsilateralen V. saphena magna. Der vorliegende Fall
unterstreicht, dass bei guter Indikationsstellung und klarer perioperativer
Planung aufwendige mikrochirurgische Rekonstruktionen auch in einem schwierigen
Patientengut erfolgversprechend sein können.
Osteotomy Techniques in Preservation Rhinoplasty with an Analysis of a Radix–Skull Base Computed Tomography Series
Authors: Neves José C. , Abdulraheem Maryam , Neves Ligia , Flora Barbara , D'Souza Alwyn 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study aims to explain our experience with dorsal preservation osteotomies, focusing on transverse, lateral, and dorsal aesthetic lines (DAL) osteotomies. We describe the utilization of a variety of surgical instruments, including osteotomes, saws, burrs, and piezo. This paper describes our concept of transcutaneous ultrasonic osteotomy, microedged-specific osteotomy, applying drills for lateral wall reshaping, and integrating piezo technology to establish new DAL. Furthermore, we present a radix–skull base computed tomography series analysis to evaluate the safety of transverse and radix osteotomies.
Beyond trade statistics: how much do exports actually contribute to domestic value added?
Authors: Llop Maria 
Published: March 2024

AbstractKoopman et al. (2014) and Los et al. (2016) decomposed gross exports into various value-added components by adopting the input–output assumption of disconnection between production and final demand. Such an assumption, however, neglects the ability of production inflows to generate income and consumption, and therefore additional impacts on production. To achieve a more complete understanding of the role played by trade, this article presents a method for quantifying the value added of exports that reflects the linkages between production and private consumption. In the tradition of Miyazawa (1968, 1976) and Sonis and Hewings (1973), the proposed model endogenously defines household consumption in the output determination, thus improving the way in which the interdependencies between income and output generation processes are revealed. The proposal is directly applicable empirically through available world trade databases.