bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Degenerative Disease of the Shoulder
Authors: CONE ROBERT O. , RESNICK DONALD 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA variety of degenerative or degenerative‐like processes affect the shoulder in elderly patients. Hydroxyapatite crystal deposition disease produces intratendinous and intrabursal calcification or, more rarely, intra‐articular calcification. Disruption of the rotator cuff leads to characteristic plain film and arthrographic abnormalities whereas the impingement syndrome, owing to entrapment of periarticular soft tissues between the greater tuberosity and coracoacromial ligamentous arch, is best demonstrated by fluoroscopy. Additional degenerative disorders include adhesive capsulitis and osteoarthritis.
Balloon Angioplasty of a Superior Mesenteric Artery Occlusion in a Patient with Angiodysplasia of the Caecum
Authors: LEE JIMMY , WATTIE JOHN 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYA patient with angiodysplasia of the caecum was found to have the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries occluded. Balloon angioplasty was performed on the superior mesenteric occlusion. The patient underwent hemicolectomy with no post‐operative complications.
Comparison of the Tolerance of Iohexol and Ioxaglate in Phlebography of the Legs
Authors: THOMAS M. LEA , KEELING F. P. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYFifty patients were examined by ascending phlebography of both legs in a prospective, double‐blind, within‐patient series. Each leg was randomly allocated to the examination using either iohexol 300 mg I/ml or ioxaglate 320 mg I/ml as the contrast medium. Immediate side effects were recorded in all patients, and delayed effects in 40 patients. Statistical analysis using the chi‐square test showed no significant difference in the immediate or late side effects of either medium, and there was no difference in film quality. It is concluded that both iohexol and ioxaglate are well tolerated for phlebography and both are acceptable media for this examination.
The Nisbet Symposium 1984 Brain Tumours
Authors: ANDERSON R.McD. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA short review of cerebral oedema associated with brain tumour is presented. Tumour oedema and its resolution is compared with experimental cold injury to the brain. An important aspect of tumour oedema is that unlike cold oedema it responds very well to steroid therapy. The reason for this steroid response is not clear but it is felt that in part it is due to diminution in the inflammatory reactions present in such tumours.
The Nisbet Symposium 1984 Brain Tumours
Authors: WIGG D.R. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTRadiation oncology is currently in a phase of considerable change. Two important developments are the application of computer technology to radiotherapy and better understanding of basic radiobiology.Tumour control probabilities are dependent on many factors including the effective dose delivered. The effective dose is limited by the tolerance of normal brain, but until quite recently tolerance of central nervous system tissues has been poorly understood.The proper application of CT scans for radiotherapy planning of brain tumours involves close co‐operation between Radiologists and Radiotherapists. CT based, computer generated radiotherapy planning provides the means to exploit the sensitivity of normal brain tolerance to small changes in dose per fraction.There is some reason for cautious optimism that the treatment of brain tumours with photon irradiation may be improved by exploiting existing knowledge and technology. This will require a substantial effort in clinical radiobiological and adequate staffing and equipment. The parlous state of radiotherapy in Australia is a major impediment to exploiting the current substantial developments.
Treatment of Adenocarcinoma of the Paranasal Sinuses in Tasmania
Authors: FRANKLIN C.I.V. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA survey was made of all cases of malignant tumours arising in the paranasal sinuses, occurring in the State of Tasmania between 1966 and 1982. There were 36 cases, with 25 being adenocarcinoma. Treatment was by surgery and radiotherapy in various regimes; however, there is a high rate of local recurrence. This is probably due to the dose perturbation as a result of the complex shielding often used to protect brain and orbit. The survival rate is poor, with 50% alive at 2 years and 34% alive at 5 years.
Radiological Appearances of Primary Lung Cancer in Aboriginals of the Northern Territory of Australia
Authors: BATESON ERIC M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA ten year survey (1974–1984) of all proven cases of primary lung cancer who underwent radiological investigation at the Royal Darwin Hospital was carried out, with emphasis on the differences between Aboriginals and non‐Aboriginals.There were 41 cases for review. In general, the radiological manifestations were more advanced or extensive and there was also a tendency to diagnose inflammatory disease rather than cancer in the Aboriginal patients. The incidence of primary lung cancer appeared to be higher in the Aboriginal and may be related to their tobacco smoking habits.
Combined Discography and Metrizamide Myelography in Evaluation of Confusing Low Back Pain
Authors: DOYLE T. , TRESS B. , GILLOT R. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT44 discs (in 35 patients) were diagnosed as being ruptured by combined discography and metrizamide myelography. The patients had initially presented with confusing low back pain. All the discs were subsequently shown to be ruptured at surgery. Combined discography and metrizamide myelography is suggested as a method of evaluation of selected difficult cases of confusing low back pain.
Technetium Pertechnetate Imaging in Apparent Solitary Thyroid Nodule
Authors: SUKTHOMYA VIMOL 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT 99mTc‐pertechnetate rectilinear scans of the thyroid were performed in 272 patients judged to have solitary thyroid nodules on palpation. Eighty percent of these patients were shown to have decreased uptake in a single thyroid nodule. Further analyses were made among 82 patients who had surgery for such nodules. Again, 90 percent of these showed the scintigraphic appearance of focal decrease in uptake. Among these 82, histological evidence of carcinoma (follicular, papillary or mixed) was seen in 31 cases (37.8%), a further 31 cases showed follicular adenoma while 3 had autoimmune thyroiditis and 8 showed simple cysts. We conclude the hypofunctioning solitary nodule without clinical evidence of malignancy need not always be cancerous but the incidence I have demonstrated is high enough to warrant surgery in all patients with a palpable single nodule with reduced isotope uptake.
The Carotid Bruit: Is it a Useful Sign of Vessel Disease? A Clinical and Digital Angiographic Study
Authors: DUGDALE L.M. , GRAY A.V. , MITCHELL ANNE 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT203 consecutive patients for Digital subtraction angiography of the cranio‐cervical vessels were also assessed for audible bruits in the neck. The sensitivity of bruit as an indicator of carotid disease is 0.57, with specificity of 0.83. The presence of a bruit is a strong indication for angiography by the simple and safe method of DSA.
Localised Popliteal Artery Abnormalities in Otherwise Fit Young Adults
Authors: COWAN IAN 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTPopliteal artery entrapment and cystic adventitial disease of the popliteal artery are uncommon conditions which have received little attention in the radiology literature. In both conditions, a resting AP arteriogram may be normal and extra techniques are required to demonstrate or exclude abnormality. To show popliteal entrapment a normal or equivocal arteriogram should be repeated with forced extension of the knee and forced plantar flexion of the ankle, and to demonstrate cystic adventitial disease a lateral view may be needed. Failure to perform these views may lead to misdiagnosis and inadequate treatment, with potentially serious consequences.A case of each abnormality is presented and both conditions are described, with a brief review of the literature.
High Resolution CT Scanning of the Bronchial Tree. CT Bronchography: Technique & Clinical Application
Authors: LAU LAWRENCE S.W. , SIMPSON LAURENCE , MURPHY FIONA 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYA protocol for a high resolution examination of the bronchial tree is described and the axial anatomy illustrated. Our early clinical experience is described and the potential applications of our technique discussed. At this stage, it appears that the examination is most useful in the study of bronchiectasis, endobronchial lesions, tumour staging prior to surgery planning, (particularly plastic reconstruction), and for the characterization of lesions of tracheobron‐chopathia osteochondroplastica.ABSTRACTWe believe conventional technique is inadequate in the display of detailed anatomy of the bronchial tree in CT sections. A protocol consisting of thin slicing, high resolution reconstruction (targeting G.E.) and displaying in a wide extended window setting is presented. This greatly enhances the anatomical detail visible. The clinical application of this technique is discussed with respect to endobronchial lesions, developmental variations and degenerative diseases of the bronchial tree.
Scattered Radiation Doses during Cardiac Studies using a U‐arm type Fluoroscopy system
Authors: HERON J.C. LE , MITCHELL A.W. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTWith the advent of image intensifier systems incorporating a U‐arm with parallelogram support, a greater awareness of scattered radiation levels is needed, in particular to cardiologists. Depending on the projection, the cardiologist can now be subjected to scatter from the primary side of the patient, giving rise to much higher leyels of scattered radiation. Doses to cardiologists were measured for typical cardiac studies on such an image intensifier system. Doses to the eyes and thyroid were below the limits recommended by the ICRP, but if the principle of AJLARA. is to be adhered to consideration needs to be given to a secondary barrier, in addition to the lead apron, to provide protection to the eyes and thyroid of the cardiologist.
The Ultrasonic and Angiographic Appearances of Wilms Tumours in Adults
Authors: MORRISON I.S. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe ultrasonic findings in three cases of Wilms Tumour (nephroblastoma) in adults are described. The appearances are not distinctive and do not help to differentiate these tumours from renal adenocarcinoma (hypernephroma). In the two cases in which angiography was performed a distinctive pattern has been seen and this may be helpful in distinguishing nephroblastoma from renal adenocarcinoma.
Radiology of Skiing Injuries
Authors: SHERRY EUGENE 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTSkiing is the fastest growing winter sport in Australia. This paper describes the radiological features of the common skiing injuries. It is based on the author's experience of having treated 6,050 such injuries. With the further expansion of skiing, it is important that medical practitioners at both the primary and specialist levels be familiar with the radiological features of this popular sport.
“The Apparent Mid Zone Pneumatocele in the Intensive Care Patient”
Authors: CAMERON DR. D. C. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTAn apparent air‐filled cyst is often seen projected through the right hilum in patients managed in an Intensive Care Unit. This may cause problems of interpretation but does not have the clinical significance of the developing acquired pneumatocoele. The radiographic appearances are discussed.SUMMARYThe development of a cystic space projected through the hilum, more often on the right, has been observed frequently in patients in Intensive Care wards. These should not be interpreted as acquired pneumonatocoeles. The basis for this radiographic abnormality has been discussed.
Spectrum of Non Atretic Biliary Tract Obstruction in Children
Authors: CAMPO MARGARET DE 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT11 cases of biliary tract obstruction with bile duct dilatation have been seen at the Royal Children's Hospital over a 4 year period.Pathologies included choledochal cysts, calculi, lyphoma and a post operative stricture. Ultasound correctly diagnosed the nature of the obstruction in 9 cases.Illustrative case studies are presented, and the specific ultrasound features are discussed.
Uterine Lipoma: Ultrasound and C.T. Appearances
Authors: DAVIES ROGER P. , HANNAN ROBERT F. , MILIAUSKAS JOHN R. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTUterine lipoma is an uncommon tumour of the post‐menopausal woman. The ultrasound and computed tomographic appearances are described. As this tumour may simulate benign cystic teratoma of the ovary, features are described which distinguish these, including positive confirmation of location within the uterus and absence of the typical dermoid plug.
Radiographic Features of Progressive Pseudorheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: KOZLOWSKI K. , KENNEDY J. , LEWIS I.C. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTRadiographic Findings in Progressive Pseudo‐rheumatoid Arthritis of Childhood were analysed on the basis of 5 of our own cases and a review of the literature. Our conclusion is that Progressive Pseudorheumatoid Arthritis of Childhood is a heterogenous disease and at least two different forms with distinctive radiographic features do exist.
Lumbar Facet Joint Block: A Simplified Technique
Authors: LAU LAWRENCE S.W. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTLumbar facet joint arthropathy is now recognized as an important cause of lumbago and sciatica. Intra‐articular block with local anaesthetics and steroids can confirm symptomatic facet arthropathy. A simplified technique for lumbar facet joint block is described to facilitate safe and rapid intra‐articular therapy.
Ultrasonic Demonstration of Anicteric Biliary Obstruction
Authors: PANT C. S. , GUPTA R.K. , JENA A. , PRAKASH R. , VIJ J.C. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT25 non jaundiced patients with dilatation of the biliary tree are presented. In 22 of these cases the cause of obstruction was shown either by ultrasound alone, on radionuclide (RN) study or at endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERCP) and was subsequently proven at surgery. In 2 cases ultrasound showed dilatation of the common duct, which was proved to be non‐obstructive dilatation on ERCP. One patient had multiple benign hepatic cysts with intrahepatic biliary dilatation and was not subjected to surgery. Twenty out of 23 patients with obstructive dilatation showed a variable rise in serum alkaline phosphatase. Bile duct size did not show any correlation with serum alkaline phosphatase levels. It is stressed that ultrasound is a more sensitive indicator of obstructive biliary disease than clinical and biochemical parameters.
Merkel Cell Carcinoma – A Potentially Aggressive Disease
Authors: BOYAGES J. , EARL M.J. , STEVENS S.M.B. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical and pathological findings in a case of disseminated Merkel cell carcinoma initially diagnosed by light and electron microscopy are presented to illustrate the potentially aggressive behaviour of this uncommon small cell tumour of the skin. The literature is briefly reviewed with discussion of management and of the contribution to that of fine needle aspiration cytology of an intra‐abdominal metastasis.
Radiation Exposure in Radiology of the Lumbar Spine
Authors: PETTY R.J. , LAU LAWRENCE S.W. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA limited survey of relative skin surface radiation doses was carried out for the three methods of radiological examination of the lumbar spine. The average doses were; for CT – 38.25 mGy, for Myelography – 11.32 mGy and for Plain Film – 1.77 mGy. Gonadal doses measured during the survey were consistently low (0.2 to 0.3 mGy) and the use of gonad shields was found to have no measurable effect. The measurements also indicated extremely high surface doses at the iliac crest during Myelography (up to 181.66 mGy).
Cine‐Fluororadiographic Evaluation of the Bjork‐Shiley Prosthesis — A Serial Post‐Operative Follow‐up in 400 Patients
Authors: RAJANI M. , MUKHOPADHYAY S. , MAHESHWARI R. , IYER R. , VENUGOPAL P. , BHARGAVA S. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARY600 patients have undergone posthetic valve replacement using the Bjork‐Shiley valve at A.I.I.M.S. between October, 1974 and June, 1983. In 400 patients cine fluororadiography has been performed and the opening angle of the disc was measured in all these cases by the method described by Venkataraman et al in 1980. Of the 400 patients, 88 had follow‐up of less than 6 months, and the rest between 6 months and 72 months. Thrombosis of the prosthetic valve was diagnosed by plain cine only in 11 cases and all cases showed restriction of movement with an opening angle less than 40° or no movement at all. All 11 cases were re‐operated and thrombectomy only was done. One patient died and the remaining ten patients are under serial plain cine review at intervals of 3 months showing normal movements to the present.Serial cine fluororadiography is a simple, inexpensive and reliable non‐invasive technique for detection of early thrombosis of Bjork‐Shiley prosthetic valves.
Obstruction of the Third Portion of the Duodenum
Authors: PTASZNIK JACK , JONES BRONWYN , POLGA JAMES P. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTObstruction of the horizontal limb of the duodenum is relatively uncommon. Most of the reported cases have revolved around the controversial entity of the “superior mesenteric artery syndrome”. We describe four patients with obstruction of the third portion of the duodenum due to widely differing disease processes which, however, share some common radiographic findings.
Imaging in Neuroblastoma — All Year Experience
Authors: ALCOCK M.K. , MORRIS L.L. , LeQUESNE G.W. , SAVAGE J.P. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA review of the casenotes and imaging investigations of 30 patients with neuroblastoma presenting to the Adelaide Children's Hospital over a 12 year period between 1970 and 1982 was carried out.The aims of imaging are presented.The changing patterns of imaging of neuroblastoma over the period have been discussed. In essence, there has been a major shift in imaging emphasis to computerised tomography and ultrasonography. Angiography and intravenous urography now have little or no place in a modern imaging protocol for neuroblastoma.Bone scintigraphy is a mandatory investigation for the exclusion of skeletal metastases. Bone marrow biopsy is. performed routinely.A protocol for the imaging of malignant neuroblastoma has been suggested.
Lateral Displacement of the Bladder
Authors: MALLIKARJUNAIAH G.S. , SOLOMON BANUMATHY , RAMAMURTHY B.S. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTBladder displacement, to either the left or right side of the mid‐line implies the presence of a mass or mass effect due to an abnormality of the surrounding structures. Most causes of lateral displacement of the bladder have been illustrated and discussed in the literature. Some significant causes of lateral displacement of the bladder not previously described are now presented.
Tuberculosis in the Aboriginal: a Radiological Perspective
Authors: BATESON ERIC M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA review was carried out of the X‐rays of 434 notified cases of active tuberculosis from the Darwin Region of the Northern Territory for the period from January 1969 to December 1983.More than fifty per cent were Aboriginal although they form only twenty per cent of the population.Pulmonary disease was the most common form in both races. Primary manifestations and generalised involvement of the lungs were found only in Aboriginal patients. There was a significant number of patients with glandular tuberculosis but radiological interest was confined to three Aboriginal patients who presented as appendicitis, pyloro‐duodenal obstruction and splenic calcification. Spinal tuberculosis was uncommon and the radiological manifestations of spinal abscess and paraplegia were also restricted to the Aboriginals.
The Radiology of Bronchial Atresia Radiographic, CT and Bronchography Correlation
Authors: LAU LAWRENCE , SIMPSON LAURENCE , STREETON JONATHAN 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTWe examined two patients with bronchial atresia. Both cases involved the left upper lobe: the anterior and the lingular segments respectively. Mucoid impaction and hyperinflation seen with radiography or computed tomography (CT) are typical findings. Bronchography in conjunction with bronchoscopy is an efficient means to confirm the atretic segment as well as the patency of the proximal bronchi respectively.
“A Case of Autosomal Recessive Form of Cranio‐Metaphyseal Dysplasia with Unusual Features and with Bone Fragility”
Authors: VENTRUTO V. , AMETRANO O. , D'AVANZO G. , BRUNA M. DELLA , STABILE M. , LONARDO F. , MARASCA F. , TORTORA P. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYA case of cranio‐metaphyseal dysplasia (CMD) with unusual radiographic Findings and multiple spontaneous fractures is presented. The parental consanguinity is in favour of an autosomal recessive form. The differential diagnosis of this case among the various genetic entities with metaphyseal flaring and/or cranial hyperostosis is discussed.
Lumbar Neurofibromas The CT Appearance and Differential Diagnosis
Authors: LAU LAWRENCE S.W. , PETTY PETER G. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTIn 2000 consecutive CT examinations of the lumbar spine, there are 4 proven cases of neurofibroma. The typical CT appearance is presented and differentiation from other causes of nerve root enlargement discussed. CT is recommended as the examination of choice in the pre‐operative evaluation of neurofibromas.
Barytes Board: A Cost Effective Radiation Barrier Material for use in Diagnostic X‐Ray Suites
Authors: ALTER GEORGE C. CO , METCALFE ER E. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe need for cost saving in hospital construction is becoming acute. This paper describes the investigation of Barytes Board as an alternative to lead ply for use in diagnostic X‐ray suites.Barytes Board when used on both sides of a protective wall will provide 2 mm lead equivalance at 100 kVp for approximately half the cost of lead ply.
Scleroderma – A Possible Contra‐Indication to Lumpectomy and Radiotherapy in Breast Carcinoma
Authors: RANSOM DAVID T. , M.B.Ch.B. FIONA G. CAMERON 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA patient with scleroderma predominantly involving the skin and lungs developed breast cancer. She underwent lumpectomy and axillary dissection, followed by radiotherapy to the breast, axilla and supraclavicular area. She developed a severe fibrotic reaction involving the entire radiation field, resulting in very poor cosmesis and marked reduction in shoulder function.
Computed Tomography of Adult Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
Authors: O'NEIL R.A. , ALBERTYN L.E. , PERRETT L.V. , SAGE M.R. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe CT appearances of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis (HSE) were examined in a retrospective study of seventeen patients aged from 13 to 79 years (average 48 years). Forty‐two examinations were performed on a combination of second and third generation scanners.The most frequent finding was a low density area in the temporal lobe (95%) with sparing of the basal ganglia (88%). Other features included mass effect (76%), enhancement (71%) and haemorrhage (24%).These were not seen as commonly in initial scans. However, of nine scans performed on or before the 5th day of illness, 7 (78%) were abnormal.
Spondylolysis: What does this mean? A Review
Authors: PIERCE MARK E. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTSpondylolysis is a common lesion, but its pathology and clinical significance are still not fully understood. A review of the literature on these aspects of spondylolysis is presented.Spondylolysis is probably an acquired lumbar stress fracture. When bilateral, as it commonly is, it may be complicated by spondylolisthesis. Indirect evidence suggests that spondylolysis may cause acute back pain. Isotope bone scans and radiological findings help in the clinical management of these patients.Unilateral spondylolysis does not cause chronic back pain, nor disability. Spondylolisthesis, on the other hand, may cause chronic back pain. Pain suffered by patients with bilateral spondylolysis is probably due to spondylolisthesis. Neurological complications are rare.