bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexible engineering degree programs with remote access laboratories in an Australian regional university known for its excellence in e‐learning
Authors: Ku H. , Goh S. , Ahfock A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractFlexible delivery of education is the starting point for discussion in this article. The e‐learning history of the University of Southern Queensland (USQ) was used to contextualize the article. USQOnline was mentioned next. The article then describes the Distance and e‐Learning Centre (DeC) in USQ. It then focused on the innovative delivery of USQ engineering degree programs, where the course flexibility was then highlighted together with their innovative residential schools and future remote access laboratories at USQ; an example of a remotely accessible laboratory was also mentioned. A large number of international and domestic students enrolled in USQ Bachelor of Engineering programs since their inception by external mode only. Finally, the article discussed distance education and e‐learning in USQ and Australia. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 19: 18–25, 2011
An open‐source software for interactive visualization using C++ and OpenGL: Applications to stochastic theory education in water resources engineering
Authors: Florence Robby , Hossain Faisal , Huddleston David 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to explain the design and implementation of an open‐source engineering education software called Stochastic Theory Education through Visualization Environment (STEVE), version 2.0. In an earlier article, a proof‐of‐concept for a computer‐aided visualization tool (also named STEVE, version 1.0) for stochastic theory education in water resources engineering was articulated [see, Schwenk et al. Comput. Appl. Eng. Educ., 2008, in press). Using Java Native Interfacing, it was shown that STEVE 1.0 could wrap a space–time stochastic model written in any computer language and be independent of any specific language compiler during tool usage. This article describes the general philosophy, software design, and classroom usage for STEVE with significant improvements on visualization and user‐friendliness (hence, rightfully called version 2.0). The software was created using the C++ programming language with the Microsoft Windows Applications Programming Interface (API). OpenGL was used for the visualization display, and the OpenGL Utility Toolkit (GLUT) was used to visualize text inside the OpenGL window. The instructor‐specified simulation program on stochastic theory was written in Fortran 77. The application has user‐friendly options for modifying input data and parameter specifications as desired by the instructor or the student user. STEVE 2.0 has been tested with the Windows XP and Windows Vista operating systems. For the benefit of interested users and software makers, we also provide the software application, a short tutorial and all pertinent source codes as freeware for download on our STEVE homepage at http://iweb.tntech.edu/saswe/steve.html. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 19: 48–55, 2011
The ecosystem approach in corporate environmental management – expert mental models and environmental drivers in the Finnish forest industry
Authors: Vihervaara Petteri , Kamppinen Matti 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe ecosystem approach has been adopted as the framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity, and is recommended to be used widely in the integrated management of land, water and living resources, to promote conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way, also in corporations. The forest industry is a resource‐intensive branch with various impacts on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Our aims in this study were to examine (i) how the ecosystem approach is implemented in the Finnish forest industry; and (ii) to outline the mental models of environmental experts of corporations, and their conceptualization of some key terms of ecosystem thinking. We interviewed 12 experts about their opinions on the main future challenges, the risks, the mistakes of the past, the possibilities and the successes confronting the forest industry. The results were analyzed using the DPSIR (Driving forces‐Pressures‐State‐Impacts‐Responses) framework model. Finally, we give several recommendations as to how the ecosystem approach can be integrated into corporate environmental management. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
The management of greenhouse gas emissions in large European companies
Authors: Sullivan Rory 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBased on the published climate change policies and the performance of 125 large European companies, this paper examines how these companies are responding to regulatory and other pressures to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. It concludes that most large companies have now established the management systems and processes necessary for them to effectively manage their emissions and related business risks. Companies with significant greenhouse gas emissions have noticeably stronger governance oversight and reporting.However, it also suggests that a significant minority of companies – perhaps 20% of the total – have significant weaknesses in their management systems and processes. Furthermore, a majority of companies have yet to significantly reduce their emissions, and just one‐third expect their emissions to reduce over time. This paper argues that the uncertainties in climate change policy are the key barrier to companies taking a more proactive approach to reducing their emissions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Assessment of standard force field models against high‐qualityab initiopotential curves for prototypes of π–π, CH/π, and SH/π interactions
Authors: Sherrill C. David , Sumpter Bobby G. , Sinnokrot Mutasem O. , Marshall Michael S. , Hohenstein Edward G. , Walker Ross C. , Gould Ian R. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractSeveral popular force fields, namely, CHARMM, AMBER, OPLS‐AA, and MM3, have been tested for their ability to reproduce highly accurate quantum mechanical potential energy curves for noncovalent interactions in the benzene dimer, the benzene‐CH4complex, and the benzene‐H2S complex. All of the force fields are semi‐quantitatively correct, but none of them is consistently reliable quantitatively. Re‐optimization of Lennard‐Jones parameters and symmetry‐adapted perturbation theory analysis for the benzene dimer suggests that better agreement cannot be expected unless more flexible functional forms (particularly for the electrostatic contributions) are employed for the empirical force fields. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009
A binary coding method of RNA secondary structure and its application
Authors: Liao Bo , Chen Weiyang , Sun Xingming , Zhu Wen 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAccording to the three classifications of nucleotides, we introduce a sort of binary coding method of RNA secondary structures. On the basis of this representation, we can reduce a RNA secondary structure into three binary digit sequences. We also propose coding rules based on the exclusive‐OR operation. Associating with the proposed coding rules, we can judge the mutation between bases or between base and base pair, and make sequence alignment easily. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009
CH3NHNH2 + OH reaction: Mechanism and dynamics studies
Authors: Liu Hong‐Xia , Wang Ying , Yang Lei , Liu Jing‐Yao , Gao Hong , Li Ze‐Sheng , Sun Chia‐Chung 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA direct dynamics study was carried out for the multichannel reaction of CH3NHNH2 with OH radical. Two stable Conformers (I, II) of CH3NHNH2 are identified by the rotation of the CH3 group. For each conformer, five hydrogen‐abstraction channels are found. The reaction mechanisms of product radicals (CH3NNH2 and CH3NHNH) with OH radical are also investigated theoretically. The electronic structure information on the potential energy surface is obtained at the B3LYP/6‐311G(d,p) level and the energetics along the reaction path is refined by the BMC‐CCSD method. Hydrogen‐bonded complexes are presented at both the reactant and product sides of the five channels, indicating that the reaction may proceed via an indirect mechanism. The influence of the basis set superposition error (BSSE) on the energies of all the complexes is discussed by means of the CBS‐QB3 method. The rate constants of CH3NHNH2 + OH are calculated using canonical variational transition‐state theory with the small‐curvature tunneling correction (CVT/SCT) in the temperature range of 200–1000 K. Slightly negative temperature dependence of rate constant is found in the temperature range from 200 to 345 K. The agreement between the theoretical and experimental results is good. It is shown that for Conformer I, hydrogen‐abstraction from NH position is the primary pathway at low temperature; the hydrogen‐abstraction from NH2 is a competitive pathway as the temperature increases. A similar case can be concluded for Conformer II. The overall rate constant is evaluated by considering the weight factors of each conformer from the Boltzmann distribution function, and the three‐term Arrhenius expressions are fitted to be kT = 1.6 × 10−24T4.03exp (1411.5/T) cm3 molecule−1 s−1 between 200–1000 K. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009
Graphs with the n‐e.c. adjacency property constructed from resolvable designs
Authors: Baker Catharine A. , Bonato Anthony , McKay Neil A. , Prałat Paweł 
Published: February 2009

AbstractOnly recently have techniques been introduced that apply design theory to construct graphs with the n‐e.c. adjacency property. We supply a new random construction for generating infinite families of finite regular n‐e.c. graphs derived from certain resolvable Steiner 2‐designs. We supply an extension of our construction to the infinite case, and thereby give a new representation of the infinite random graph. We describe a family of deterministic graphs in infinite affine planes which satisfy the 3‐e.c. property. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 17: 294–306, 2009
Synthesis and characterization of some nitrogen heterocycles from d‐galactose derivatives
Authors: Faraco André Augusto Gomes , De Souza Filho José Dias , Prado Maria Auxiliadôra Fontes , Alves Ricardo José , Prado Renata Fontes , D'Accorso Norma Beatriz 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe tetrazoles 5‐(6′‐acetamido‐6′‐deoxy‐1′,2′:3′,4′‐di‐O‐isopropylidene‐D‐glycero‐α‐D‐galactohexopyranos‐6′‐yl)tetrazole (1) and 5‐(6′‐acetamido‐6′‐deoxy‐1′,2′:3′,4′–di‐O‐isopropylidene‐L‐glycero‐α‐D‐galacto‐hexopyranos‐6′‐yl)‐tetrazole (2) were synthesized by the 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction of the epimeric α‐acetamidonitriles 5 and 6, respectively, with sodium azide. Reaction of tetrazole 1 with acetic anhydride in the presence of pyridine afforded the N‐acetyl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivative 3 and the N‐acetylacetamido‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivative 7. The N‐acetylacetamido‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivative (8) was isolated when the tetrazole 2 was allowed to react under the same conditions. The physical and spectroscopic data of the five new compounds 1, 2, 3, 7 and 8 are presented.
Synthesis of 6,7‐dimethoxy‐1‐halobenzyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinolines
Authors: Cho Su‐Dong , Kweon Deok‐Heon , Kang Young‐Jin , Lee Sang‐Gyeong , Lee Woo Song , Yoon Yong‐Jin 
Published: February 2009

AbstractSome 6,7‐dimethoxy‐1‐halobenzyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinolines were synthesized from 2‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)ethylamine and halophenylacetic acids in three steps in good yield.
Whole‐brain atrophy as a measure of progression in premanifest and early Huntington's disease
Authors: Henley Susie M.D. , Wild Edward J. , Hobbs Nicola Z. , Frost Chris , MacManus David G. , Barker Roger A. , Fox Nick C. , Tabrizi Sarah J. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractTherapeutic trials in Huntington's disease (HD) are challenging as clinical progression is slow and variable and reliable biomarkers are lacking. We used magnetic resonance imaging and the brain boundary shift integral to quantify whole‐brain atrophy rates over 1 year in early and premanifest HD subjects, and controls. Early HD subjects had statistically significantly (P = 0.007) increased (threefold higher) rates of whole‐brain atrophy compared with controls. Higher atrophy rates were associated with longer CAG repeat length. MRI‐based measures of whole‐brain atrophy may have potential as a measure of progression in HD. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Natural gas storage valuation and optimization: A real options application
Authors: Thompson Matt , Davison Matt , Rasmussen Henning 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this article, we present an algorithm for the valuation and optimal operation of natural gas storage facilities. Real options theory is used to derive nonlinear partial‐integro‐differential equations (PIDEs), the solution of which give both valuation and optimal operating strategies for these facilities. The equations are designed to incorporate a wide class of spot price models that can exhibit the same time‐dependent, mean‐reverting dynamics, and price spikes as those observed in most energy markets. Particular attention is paid to the operational characteristics of real storage units. These characteristics include working gas capacities, variable deliverability and injection rates, and cycling limitations. We illustrate the model with a numerical example of a salt cavern storage facility that clearly shows how a gas storage facility is like a financial straddle with both put and call properties. Depending on the amount of gas in storage the relative influence of the put and call components vary. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009
Rank‐Cluster‐and‐Prune: An algorithm for generating clusters in complex set partitioning problems
Authors: Cohn Amy , Magazine Michael , Polak George 
Published: February 2009

AbstractClustering problems are often difficult to solve due to nonlinear cost functions and complicating constraints. Set partitioning formulations can help overcome these challenges, but at the cost of a very large number of variables. Therefore, techniques such as delayed column generation must be used to solve these large integer programs. The underlying pricing problem can suffer from the same challenges (non‐linear cost, complicating constraints) as the original problem, however, making a mathematical programming approach intractable. Motivated by a real‐world problem in printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing, we develop a search‐based algorithm (Rank‐Cluster‐and‐Prune) as an alternative, present computational results for the PCB problem to demonstrate the tractability of our approach, and identify a broader class of clustering problems for which this approach can be used. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009
Optimal inventory and dynamic admission policies for a retailer of seasonal products with affiliate programs and drop‐shipping
Authors: Xiao Yongbo , Chen Frank Y. , Chen Jian 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis article investigates the optimal inventory and admission policies for a “Clicks‐and‐Bricks” retailer of seasonal products that, in addition to selling through its own physical and online stores, also sells through third‐party websites by means of affiliate programs. Through postings on partners' webpages, an affiliate program allows a retailer to attract customers who would otherwise be missed. However, this retailer needs to pay a commission for each sale that originates from the website operators participating in the program. The retailer may also refer online orders to other sources (such as distributors and manufacturers) for fulfillment through a drop‐shipping agreement and thus earns commissions. This would be an option when, for example, the inventories at the physical stores were running low. Therefore, during the selling horizon, the retailer needs to dynamically control the opening/closing of affiliate programs and decide on the fulfillment option for online orders. On the basis of a discrete‐time dynamic programming model, the optimal admission policy of the retailer is investigated in this paper, and the structural properties of the revenue function are characterized. Numerical examples are given to show the revenue impact of optimal admission control. The optimal initial stocking decisions at the physical stores are also studied. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009
Space Mapping Approach for Particle Control in Turbulent Flows
Authors: Marheineke Nicole , Pinnau René , Reséndiz Edgar 
Published: February 2009

AbstractControlling the motion of particles in turbulent flows, the paper at hand presents an efficient space–mapping approach that is based on a hierarchy of models. The approach reduces the highly complex optimization of the k‐ε turbulence model for high Reynolds–number flows (fine model) to the cheaper one of the Navier–Stokes equations for smaller Reynolds–number (laminar) flows in direct numerical simulations on coarser grids (coarse model) by help of a space–map function that maps the respective coarse model control onto the desired fine model control. The numerical results are very convincing in terms of accuracy and computational effort. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Dynamics of flow near a separation point
Authors: Uruba V. , Knob M. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDynamical behavior of a boundary layer separation is studied using the experimental approach. The dynamical nature of the phenomenon is demonstrated on a simple case of a flat–plate boundary layer in adverse pressure gradient. The Time–Resolved PIV technique was utilized for monitoring instantaneous structure of the separation region and its time development. Distinctive coherent structures and their dynamical behavior were identified using the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition method. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Reliability‐Based Optimization of Structural Systems involving Discrete Design Variables
Authors: Valdebenito Marcos A. , Schuëller Gerhart I. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis contribution proposes an approach for solving Reliability–based optimization (RBO) problems involving discrete design variables. The proposed approach is based on a decoupling approach and sequential approximations. An application example involving a linear structure under dynamic loading is presented, showing the efficiency of the proposed method. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Passivity Criteria for Infinite‐Dimensional Descriptor Systems
Authors: Reis Timo , Jacob Birgit 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe study infinite–dimensional descriptor systems with the property of input–output–passivity, that is, the Lebesgue inner product of input and output has positive real part. A sufficient criterion for passivity, is given in terms of a certain operator inequality generalizing the Kalman–Yakubovich–Popov inequality. We furthermore characterize passivity in the frequency domain. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Distributional solution theory for linear DAEs
Authors: Trenn Stephan 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA solution theory for switched linear differential–algebraic equations (DAEs) is developed. To allow for non–smooth coordinate transformation, the coefficients matrices may have distributional entries. Since also distributional solutions are considered it is necessary to define a suitable multiplication for distribution. This is achieved by restricting the space of distributions to the smaller space of piecewise–smooth distributions. Solution formulae for two special DAEs, distributional ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and pure distributional DAEs, are given. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Boundary layer separation from continuous surfaces with increasingly complex topography: a comparative LES, hybrid LES/RANS and RANS study
Authors: Jakirlić Suad , Šarić Sanjin , Kniesner Björn , Kadavelil Gisa , Djugum Adnan , Cavar Dalibor 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDifferent wall–bounded flow configurations featured by the boundary layer separation are investigated computationally by using LES (Large–Eddy Simulation), a two–layer, hybrid LES/RANS (HLR) and RANS (Reynolds–Averaged Navier Stokes) methods. The flow cases investigated are featured by a systematic increase in the wall complexity: a backward–facing step flow (ReH=5540; Exp., Kasagi and Matsunaga, 1995), flow in a plane diffuser (Rem=18000; Exp., Obi et al., 1993, Buice and Eaton, 1997), periodic flow over an axisymmetric hill (ReH=10800; LES, Froehlich et al., 2005) and flow over a hump (ReC=936000; Exp., Greenblatt et al., 2004). The main objective of the present work is the in–depth analysis of the flow structure aiming at establishing appropriate criteria for the flow unsteadiness characterization, marking the RANS method capabilities with respect to capturing correctly the mean flow characteristics relative to the LES–related methods. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optimal control for indoor overhead crane systems with predefined course of crab
Authors: Blume Bodo , Büskens Christof 
Published: February 2009

Abstract	Most papers on optimal control of 3D overhead cranes focus on systems without constraints for	the course of the crab (for example [1], [3]). Based on a general 3D model a	minimal model with 2 degrees of freedom is developed.	Starting from a given initial state the optimal control to reach a given final state is calculated	for some predefined courses of the crab. For different turning angles and speeds of the crab an arc of	a sine, parabola, circular and an arc of two symmetric clothoid segments	have been investigated. Calculations for different values of the mass of the	load, turning angles and speed of the crab are presented. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Anwendung elastischer Mehrkörpersysteme in der Hochauftriebs‐Entwicklung von Verkehrsflugzeugen
Authors: Heyden Thomas , Woernle Christoph , Winter Evelyn , Zierath János 
Published: February 2009

AbstractFür Verkehrsflugzeuge erfolgt die Anpassung des Auftriebsbeiwertes für die Start– und Landephase durch so genannte Hochauftriebssysteme. Hochauftriebssysteme bestehen im Allgemeinen aus variablen Flügelgeometrien an der Flügelvorderkante (Vorflügel) und an der Flügelhinterkante (Landeklappen). Die Simulation der Dynamik von Hochauftriebssystemen erfolgt günstig mit der Methode der Mehrkörpersysteme. Mit dieser Methode werden Starrkörperbewegungen (Ein– und Ausfahren der Hochauftriebselemente) exakt erfasst. Elastische Körper werden aus Finite–Elemente Modellen mittels eines modalen Ansatzes in das Mehrkörpersystem integriert. Ein typisches Anwendungsgebiet ist die Berechnung von Reaktionskräften an den Bindungsstellen (Gelenke, Einspannungen) des Systems. Im Rahmen des Beitrags werden der Bruch einer Antriebsstrebe einer Landeklappe und der Einfluss der Flügelverformung auf das Hochauftriebssystem untersucht. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Dynamics of Rigid Spacecraft Under the Influence of Gravity Torques. Theory and Applications.
Authors: Mladenova Clementina 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper considers the dynamic equations of a rigid spacecraft under the influence of the gravity torques written as a first–order form with a constant coefficient matrix which eigenvalues are found analytically. An appropriate parameterization of SO(3) group with nice and clear geometrical properties is used and this turns out to be quite efficient in computational aspects. An example is given, which demonstrates the stability of the model. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)