bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AAV9:PKP2 improves heart function and survival in a Pkp2-deficient mouse model of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wu Iris , Zeng Aliya , Greer-Short Amara , Aycinena J. Alex , Tefera Anley E. , Shenwai Reva , Farshidfar Farshad , Van Pell Melissa , Xu Emma , Reid Chris , Rodriguez Neshel , Lim Beatriz , Chung Tae Won , Woods Joseph , Scott Aquilla , Jones Samantha , Dee-Hoskins Cristina , Gutierrez Carolina G. , Madariaga Jessie , Robinson Kevin , Hatter Yolanda , Butler Renee , Steltzer Stephanie , Ho Jaclyn , Priest James R. , Song Xiaomei , Jing Frank , Green Kristina , Ivey Kathryn N. , Hoey Timothy , Yang Jin , Yang Zhihong Jane 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a familial cardiac disease associated with ventricular arrhythmias and an increased risk of sudden cardiac death. Currently, there are no approved treatments that address the underlying genetic cause of this disease, representing a significant unmet need. Mutations in Plakophilin-2 (PKP2), encoding a desmosomal protein, account for approximately 40% of ARVC cases and result in reduced gene expression.

Methods
Our goal is to examine the feasibility and the efficacy of adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-mediated restoration of PKP2 expression in a cardiac specific knock-out mouse model of Pkp2.

Results
We show that a single dose of AAV9:PKP2 gene delivery prevents disease development before the onset of cardiomyopathy and attenuates disease progression after overt cardiomyopathy. Restoration of PKP2 expression leads to a significant extension of lifespan by restoring cellular structures of desmosomes and gap junctions, preventing or halting decline in left ventricular ejection fraction, preventing or reversing dilation of the right ventricle, ameliorating ventricular arrhythmia event frequency and severity, and preventing adverse fibrotic remodeling. RNA sequencing analyses show that restoration of PKP2 expression leads to highly coordinated and durable correction of PKP2-associated transcriptional networks beyond desmosomes, revealing a broad spectrum of biological perturbances behind ARVC disease etiology.

Conclusions
We identify fundamental mechanisms of PKP2-associated ARVC beyond disruption of desmosome function. The observed PKP2 dose-function relationship indicates that cardiac-selective AAV9:PKP2 gene therapy may be a promising therapeutic approach to treat ARVC patients with PKP2 mutations.
Changes in Speech Production Following Perceptual Training With Orofacial Somatosensory Inputs
Authors: Ashokumar Monica , Schwartz Jean-Luc , Ito Takayuki 
Published: March 2024

Purpose:
Orofacial somatosensory inputs play an important role in speech motor control and speech learning. Since receiving specific auditory–somatosensory inputs during speech perceptual training alters speech perception, similar perceptual training could also alter speech production. We examined whether the production performance was changed by perceptual training with orofacial somatosensory inputs.

Method:
We focused on the French vowels /e/ and /ø/, contrasted in their articulation by horizontal gestures. Perceptual training consisted of a vowel identification task contrasting /e/ and /ø/. Along with training, for the first group of participants, somatosensory stimulation was applied as facial skin stretch in backward direction. We recorded the target vowels uttered by the participants before and after the perceptual training and compared their F1, F2, and F3 formants. We also tested a control group with no somatosensory stimulation and another somatosensory group with a different vowel continuum (/e/−/i/) for perceptual training.

Results:
Perceptual training with somatosensory stimulation induced changes in F2 and F3 in the produced vowel sounds. F2 decreased consistently in the two somatosensory groups. F3 increased following the /e/−/ø/ training and decreased following the /e/−/i/ training. F2 change was significantly correlated with the perceptual shift between the first and second half of the training phase in the somatosensory group with the /e/−/ø/ training, but not with the /e/−/i/ training. The control group displayed no effect on F2 and F3, and just a tendency of F1 increase.

Conclusion:
The results suggest that somatosensory inputs associated to speech sound inputs can play a role in speech training and learning in both production and perception.
Drag reduction capacity of multi‐scale and multi‐level riblet in turbulent flow
Authors: Chen Dengke , Li Wenhao , Zhao Yichen , Liu Jinhai , Cui Xianxian , Zhao Zehui , Liu Xiaolin , Chen Huawei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFor high‐speed moving objects, drag reduction has been a prolonged major challenge. To address this problem, passive and negative strategies have been proposed in the preceding decades. The integration of creatures and nature has been continuously perfected during biological evolution. Unique structure characteristics, material properties, and special functions of marine organisms can provide inexhaustible inspirations to solve this intractable problem of drag reduction. Therefore, a simple and low‐cost laser ablation method was proposed. A multi‐scale and multi‐level riblet (MSLR) surface inspired by the denticles of the sharkskin was fabricated by controlling the density of the laser path and ablation times. The morphology and topographic features were characterised using an electron microscope and a scanning white‐light interfering profilometer. Then, the drag reduction capacity of the bionic riblet surface was measured in a circulating water tunnel. Finally, the mechanism of drag reduction was analysed by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The results show that the MSLR surface has a stable drag reduction capacity with an increase in Reynold (Re) number which was contributed by high‐low velocity stripes formed on the MSLR surface. This study can provide a reference for fabricating spatial riblets with efficient drag reduction at different values of Re and improving marine antifouling.
Improvement of ship target detection algorithm for YOLOv7‐tiny
Authors: Zhang Huixia , Yu Haishen , Tao Yadong , Zhu Wenliang , Zhang Kaige 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn addressing the challenge of ships being prone to occlusion in multi‐target situations during ship target detection, leading to missed and false detections, this paper proposes an enhanced ship detection algorithm for YOLOv7‐tiny. The proposed method incorporates several key modifications. Firstly, it introduces the Convolutional Block Attention Module in the Backbone section of the original model, emphasizing position information while attending to channel features to enhance the network's ability to extract crucial information. Secondly, it replaces standard convolution with GSConv convolution in the Neck section, preserving detailed information and reducing computational load. Subsequently, the lightweight operator Content‐Aware ReAssembly of Features is employed to replace the original nearest‐neighbour interpolation, mitigating the loss of feature information during the up‐sampling process. Finally, the localization loss function, SIOU Loss, is utilized to calculate loss, expedite training convergence, and enhance detection accuracy. The research results indicate that the precision of the improved model is 91.2%, mAP@0.5 is 94.5%, and the F1‐score is 90.7%. These values are 3.7%, 5.5%, and 4.2% higher than those of the original YOLOv7‐tiny model, respectively. The improved model effectively enhances detection accuracy. Additionally, the improved model achieves an FPS of 145.4, meeting real‐time requirements.
Exploring the application of machine‐learning techniques in the next generation of long‐term hydropower‐thermal scheduling
Authors: Wang Jinghao , Yousefi Mojtaba , Rajasekharan Jayaprakash , Arghandeh Reza , Farahmand Hossein 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces a shape‐based inflow scenarios reduction framework applied in long‐term hydro‐thermal scheduling. This scheduling problem involves strategically managing the limited stored hydro energy in coordination with the electricity system. The scenario fan problem, selected as a long‐term hydro‐thermal scheduling approach, can effectively represent the individual hydropower plants and their short‐term flexibility within the long‐term scheduling process, making it well‐suited for capturing the disaggregated physical characteristics of hydro stations. However, the computational burden of scenario fan problem increases due to the complexity of the cascaded system and the large number of inflow scenarios. To tackle these challenges, a machine learning clustering method is developed for extracting shape‐based features to capture the energy and shape attributes of hydro inflows. A comparative analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, comparing it with four established clustering methods. This evaluation was carried out on a hydro‐thermal test case, utilizing both in‐sample and out‐of‐sample data analysis. The findings demonstrate that the proposed framework outperforms other methods in terms of computational time by 42.6% and optimal reservoir trajectories by 12.1% considering K‐means using Euclidean distance as the benchmark. Additionally, this study showcases the feasibility of performing long‐term hydro‐thermal scheduling at a granular level, with detailed topological information and a shorter time scale. This expanded approach opens up new possibilities for addressing the integration of renewable energy resources within the realm of long‐term hydro‐thermal scheduling.
Politicians in a nutshell: four-minute documentary portraits of three Israeli leaders
Authors: Adler Silvia , Kohn Ayelet 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn 2011, a leading investigative television program in Israel launched a series of short documentaries entitled “Four Minutes,” each dedicated to an Israeli political leader. This paper focuses on three of these documentaries, dedicated to then-president Shimon Peres; then-Knesset member Tzipi Livni, who 2 years earlier had won the elections but failed to form a government, and Rabbi Ovadia Yosef, the founder of the Ultra-Orthodox Sephardi “Shas” party. Our goal is to outline the means by which these films construct and deliver their condensed messages, and to explore how, despite the rigid constraints of the format, they create a cohesive and complex portrait of these political figures and their strategic agendas. We analyze how the films’ multimodal language is used to reflect the messages promoted by each of the figures as well as by the filmmakers themselves.
Terahertz characterization of nano-scale high-entropy alloy films and their high-contrast grating applications
Authors: Lu Chia-Yen , Sung Yi-Chen , Yeh Cheng-Hsien , Chen Yu-Hua , Kuan Chen-Yun , Hung Kuang-Teng , Chen Wei-Hsiang , Hsu Wen-Dung , Shih Chuan-Feng , Yang Chan-Shan 
Published: March 2024

We investigated the optical constants of thin films of the Nb25Mo25Ta25W25 alloy, which belongs to high-entropy alloys (HEAs), with a transmission terahertz (THz) measurement system and discovered that the refractive index, extinction coefficient, and conductivity of the HEA thin film measured in the range of 0.3–1.0 THz all increased as the thickness of the thin film increased (the thickness was maintained in the range between 10 and 40 nm). According to the experimental results, this alloy with a high refractive index is suitable for producing high-contrast gratings (HCGs). The principle behind achieving a high contrast with a high-reflection HEA grating is to harness the confined plasmonic energy within the grating, thereby enhancing the localized plasmonic energy within the grating. This work elucidates that we can not only fabricate THz components by controlling the thickness of the thin film but also utilize the high refractive index of this material to create HCGs.
Tetrahexahedral binary transition metal compound sub-nanoclusters
Authors: Park Sung Jin , Li Siqi 
Published: March 2024

We explore new transition metal (TM) compound sub-nanoclusters, TM8X6 (TM = Mn, Fe, Co and X = P, B, As), using density functional theory. Their optimized geometric structures show the same polyhedral structure (tetrahexahedron) independent of a kind of TM and metalloid (X), where eight TM atoms form a cubic structure capped with six metalloid (X) atoms. Incorporating an extra TM atom into the TM cubic results in an endohedral structure, TM9X6. Encapsulation of an additional TM atom merely changes the binding energy except for the Co boride cluster. The binding energy of Co8B6 increases by incorporating an additional Co atom, in which it is observed that the electron density is accumulated between B and all Co atoms (Co atoms both at the center and at the edges), but in other clusters, the electron excess is found mainly between TM atoms. The MnnP6 (n = 8 and 9) clusters have a high adiabatic electron affinity (&gt;6 eV) due to the relatively large difference in electronegativity between Mn and P. The highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gaps of all clusters lie in the visible range. The interaction between nanoclusters and graphene with a single vacancy is studied as a function of the different cluster landing site on the graphene, where the geometric structure change of the clusters strongly depends on the adsorption site.
An online wear metal particles monitoring warning sensor based on electromagnetic induction in lubricating oil
Authors: Tao Hui , Zhong Yong , Qian KangWei , Feng Wei 
Published: March 2024

The online monitoring of metal particles in lubricating oil plays an important role in equipment fault diagnosis technology. This paper designs an online wear monitoring warning sensor based on the electromagnetic induction of metal particles in lubricating oil. First, different from the traditional three-coil sensing and detection method, the sensor consists of two excitation coils and one detection coil. In addition, the parallel capacitance and detection capacitance parameters are obtained by COMSOL’s scanning frequency, and the best detection capacitance is 7.53 nF. Second, according to the obtained optimal detection parallel capacitance value, the amplitude data of the particle signal, as well as the ferromagnetic particles above 60 µm and the non-ferromagnetic particles above 80 µm, are obtained. Third, according to the principle of three-coil induction, a mapping relationship model was established between the size range of metal wear particles in lubricating oil. Finally, we set up an oil wear particle platform to verify the sensor performance. The ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic particles are divided into multiple size ranges, and the peak-to-peak values of the output signal of different-sized wear particles are measured. We developed a prototype sensor and verified the signal consistency and repeatability of the sensor to wear metal particles. In addition, we used the sensor to test a large number of metal particles of different sizes (14 ferromagnetic particle standard samples with particle sizes ranging from 20.64 to 457.59 µm and ten non-ferromagnetic particle standard samples with particle sizes ranging from 40.52 to 348.07 µm). The experimental results show that the sensor can directly achieve monitoring sensitivity for ferromagnetic particles greater than 64.57 µm and non-ferromagnetic (copper) particles greater than 82.83 µm under the 4.2 mm aperture flow channel. The sensor can effectively realize the sensitivity on monitoring of small ferromagnetic particles and non-ferromagnetic particles, and it is particularly sensitive to small non-ferromagnetic particles.
Meaning in interaction
Authors: Deppermann Arnulf , De Stefani Elwys 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis editorial to the Special Issue on “Meaning in Interaction” introduces to the approach of Interactional Semantics, which has been developed over the last years within the framework of Interactional Linguistics. It discusses how “meaning” is understood and approached in this framework and lays out that Interactional Semantics is interested in how participants clarify and negotiate the meanings of the expressions that they are using in social interaction. Commonalities and differences of this approach with other approaches to meaning are flagged, and the intellectual origins and precursors of Interactional Semantics are introduced. The contributions to the Special Issue are located in the larger field of research.
Looking at human healthcare to improve agricultural service delivery: The case of online chatgroups
Authors: Jomantas Sarunas , Wood Anna , Munthali Nyamwaya , Ochilo Willis , Thakur Manju , Romney Dannie , Kadzamira Mariam 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study analyses the opportunities and pitfalls of using chatgroups for plant health systems. It also examines the conditions for strengthening chatroom functions and considers the possibility of replicating reported successes in healthcare settings to plant health systems. We use mixed qualitative methods, which include stakeholder surveys and observation of chatgroup activity interactions in Ghana, Kenya, Uganda and Sri Lanka. Our findings show that there is evidence of the benefits of chatgroups to human health which can be replicated in plant health. Replication should, however, not be a ‘copy and paste’ approach. This is due to the general lack of evidence-based guidelines and lessons learned to move beyond the initial adoption success of communication applications. Also, in practice, plant doctor chatgroups are generally much larger than groups in healthcare settings and it remains to be seen whether increasing chatroom activity could benefit specific plant health objectives; or whether it would lead to increased labour costs, and/or diminish the participation of plant doctors.

One Health impact statement
The article is relevant in a One Health context as it demonstrates that there is a lot to learn between sectors about interventions and approaches. The work used literature from human health interventions to shed light on how a similar intervention in plant health functioned and could be improved. It shows that if actors in the plant health sector had engaged early on with actors in the human health sector, they may have avoided pitfalls in the ways that chatgroups can be used to support plant health management. It is expected that human, animal and plant health sectors would benefit from the knowledge and recommendations in this article to establish new online chatgroups that can support transformative change.
Emerging complexity in the self-dual theory of superconductivity
Authors: Sarmento M A , Córdoba-Camacho W Y , Shanenko A A , Vagov A , Albino Aguiar J , Stolyarov V S 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
To describe the way complexity emerges in seemingly simple systems of nature, requires one to attend to two principal questions: how complex patterns appear spontaneously and why a single system can accommodate their inexhaustible variety. It is commonly assumed the pattern formation phenomenon is related to the competition of several types of interactions with disparate length scales. These multi-scale interactions also lead to frustration within the system, resulting in the existence of a manifold of configurations-patterns with qualitatively distinct morphologies. This work explores an alternative approach through a mechanism that leads to a wide range of intricate and topologically non-trivial patterns. The mechanism is described by the self-dual Ginzburg-Landau theory and, possibly, other Maxwell–Higgs models. It gives rise to unique spatial flux and condensate spatial profiles observed in superconductors between the two conventional superconductivity types I and II.
Porous FeNi Prussian blue cubes derived carbon-based phosphides as superior sulfur hosts for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Zhang Yulong , Wei Dan , Liu Yuelin , Li Shunan , Lei Wanying , He Xiaowei , Qiao Mingtao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In contrast to lithium-ion batteries, lithium–sulfur batteries have higher theoretical energy density and lower cost, so they would become competitive in the practical application. However, the shuttle effect of polysulfides and slow oxidation–reduction kinetics can degrade their electrochemical performance and cycle life. In this work, we have first developed the porous FeNi Prussian blue cubes as precursors. The calcination in different atmospheres was employed to make precursors convert into common pyrolysis products or novel carbon-based phosphides, and sulfides, labeled as FeNiP/A-C, FeNiP/A-P, and FeNiP/A-S. When these products serve as host materials in the sulfur cathode, the electrochemical performance of lithium–sulfur batteries is in the order of S@FeNiP/A-P > S@FeNiP/A-S > S@FeNiP/A-C. Specifically, the initial discharge capacity of S@FeNiP/A-P can reach 679.1 mAh g−1 at 1 C, and the capacity would maintain 594.6 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles. That is because the combination of carbon-based porous structure and numerous well-dispersed Ni2P/Fe2P active sites contribute FeNiP/A-P to obtain larger lithium-ion diffusion, lower resistance, stronger chemisorption, and more excellent catalytic effect than other samples. This work may deliver that metal–organic framework-derived carbon-based phosphides are more suitable to serve as sulfur hosts than carbon-based sulfides or common pyrolysis products for enhancing Li–S batteries’ performance.
Dynamic control of the Bose–Einstein-like condensation transition in scalar active matter
Authors: Berx Jonas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The dynamics of a generic class of scalar active matter exhibiting a diffusivity edge is studied in a confining potential where the amplitude is governed by a time-dependent protocol. For such non-equilibrium systems, the diffusion coefficient vanishes when the single-particle density field reaches a critical threshold, inducing a condensation transition that is formally akin to Bose–Einstein condensation. We show that this transition arises even for systems that do not reach a steady state, leading to condensation in finite time. Since the transition can be induced for a fixed effective temperature by evolving the system, we effectively show that the temporal coordinate constitutes an alternative control parameter to tune the transition characteristics. For a constant-amplitude protocol, our generalised thermodynamics reduces in the steady-state limit to earlier results. Lastly, we show numerically that for periodic modulation of the potential amplitude, the condensation transition is reentrant.