bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopy for emergency abdominal surgery is associated with reduced physical functional decline in older patients: a cohort study
Authors: Yamaguchi Keishi , Abe Takeru , Matsumoto Shokei , Nakajima Kento , Shimizu Masayuki , Takeuchi Ichiro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
An increasing number of older patients require emergency abdominal surgery for acute abdomen. They are susceptible to surgical stress and lose their independence in performing daily activities. Laparoscopic surgery is associated with faster recovery, less postoperative pain, and shorter hospital stay. However, few studies have examined the relationship between laparoscopic surgery and physical functional decline. Thus, we aimed to examine the relationship between changes in physical function and the surgical procedure.

Methods
In this was a single-center, retrospective cohort study, we enrolled patients who were aged ≥ 65 years and underwent emergency abdominal surgery for acute abdomen between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2021. We assessed their activities of daily living using the Barthel Index. Functional decline was defined as a decrease of ≥ 20 points in Barthel Index at 28 days postoperatively, compared with the preoperative value. We evaluated an association between functional decline and surgical procedures among older patients, using multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results
During the study period, 852 patients underwent emergency abdominal surgery. Among these, 280 patients were eligible for the analysis. Among them, 94 underwent laparoscopic surgery, while 186 underwent open surgery. Patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery showed a less functional decline at 28 days postoperatively (6 vs. 49, p < 0.001). After adjustments for other covariates, laparoscopic surgery was an independent preventive factor for postoperative functional decline (OR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.05–0.83; p < 0.05).

Conclusions
In emergency abdominal surgery, laparoscopic surgery reduces postoperative physical functional decline in older patients. Widespread use of laparoscopic surgery can potentially preserve patient quality of life and may be important for the better development of emergency abdominal surgery.
Association between Lifelines Diet Score (LLDS) and some novel anthropometric indices, including Body Roundness Index (BRI), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), and Body Adiposity Index (BAI), in Iranian women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nazari Matin , Mirzaie Khadijeh , Keshavarz Seyedali 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Anthropometry is a reliable method to assess obesity status, and previous studies have shown the association of several dietary quality scores with obesity using anthropometric indices. This study aimed to evaluate the association between LLDS and anthropometric measurements.

Methods
A total of 217 women between the ages of 18 and 48 participated in the study. Anthropometric values, biochemical tests, and body composition were assessed for each participant using standard protocols and methods. The LLDS was determined based on 12 components using a reliable and valid food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) that contained 147 items.

Results
We detected a marginally significant inverse association between the LLDS and VAI scores in the second tertile. Study participants in the second tertile of LLDS had lower odds of having high VAI than those in the reference tertile after adjusting for age, energy intake, physical activity, education, and economic status (OR: -0.16; 95% CI: -0.8, 0.06; P = 0.06). There was no statistically significant trend for the association between LLDS and all assessed anthropometric indices, including BRI, ABSI, VAI, and BAI, across tertiles of LLDS in the crude and all adjusted models (P-trend > 0.05).

Conclusions
There was no significant association between LLDS and some novel anthropometric indices, including BRI, ABSI, VAI, and BAI. However, after adjusting for probable confounders, a marginally significant inverse association between LLDS and VAI was detected.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices among medical workers toward outpatient diabetes information platform
Authors: Peng Yi , Duan Jianying , Hou Jian , Xu Nan , Wu Jiaming , Bao Xijing , Yao Qian , Li Yang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices among medical workers toward outpatient diabetes information platform.

Methods
This web-based cross-sectional study was conducted between May 2023 and June 2023 at the First Hospital of Zhangjiakou, China. A self-designed questionnaire was developed to collect demographic information of medical workers, and assess their knowledge, attitudes and practices toward outpatient diabetes information platform.

Results
A total of 685 questionnaires were collected. Among the participants, 603 (88.03%) were female, 432 (63.07%) work in a tertiary hospital, 548 (80.00%) have a bachelor degree, 270 (39.42%) of them work in the department of internal medicine and 315 (45.99%) of them received previous training on outpatient diabetes information platform. The mean knowledge, attitudes and practices scores were 4.32 ± 1.27 (possible range: 0–6), 56.76 ± 5.72 (possible range: 14–70), and 32.22 ± 8.42 (possible range: 9–45), respectively. 350 (51.09%) of them have sufficient knowledge, 168 (24.53%) have positive attitudes and 395 (57.66%) have active practices. Pearson correlation analysis showed that knowledge was positively correlated with attitudes (r = 0.397, P < 0.001), and attitudes were positively correlated with practices (r = 0.306, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that primary hospital (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.14–0.71, P = 0.005), secondary hospital (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.32–0.72, P < 0.001), doctor (OR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.39–4.28, P = 0.002) were independently associated with sufficient knowledge. Knowledge (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.29–1.73, P < 0.001), community hospital staff (OR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.05–0.88, P = 0.032) were independently associated with positive attitudes. Attitudes (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.09–1.17, P < 0.001), junior college (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.07–2.77, P = 0.026) were independently associated with active practices. The structural equation model demonstrated that knowledge had a direct effect on attitudes (path coefficient = 0.521, P < 0.001), and attitudes had a direct effect on practices (path coefficient = 0.542, P < 0.001). Moreover, the type of hospital had a direct effect on knowledge (path coefficient = 0.085, P < 0.001). Additionally, previous training on the outpatient diabetes platform had direct effects on attitudes (path coefficient = 0.191, P < 0.001) and practices (path coefficient = 0.184, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
These findings revealed that medical workers have insufficient knowledge, positive attitudes and inactive practices toward the outpatient diabetes information platform. Comprehensive training programs are needed to improve medical staff’s practices in this area.
Associations of dietary patterns and longitudinal brain-volume change in Japanese community-dwelling adults: results from the national institute for longevity sciences-longitudinal study of aging
Authors: Zhang Shu , Sala Giovanni , Nakamura Akinori , Kato Takashi , Furuya Kanae , Shimokata Hiroshi , Gao Xiang , Nishita Yukiko , Otsuka Rei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The association of dietary patterns and longitudinal changes in brain volume has rarely been investigated in Japanese individuals. We prospectively investigated this association in middle-aged and older Japanese community-dwelling adults.

Methods
Data with a 2-year follow-up from the sixth wave (July 2008 to July 2010; baseline) to the seventh (July 2010 to July 2012; follow-up) of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging project were analyzed. Dietary intake was assessed using a 3-day dietary record, and longitudinal volume changes (%) in the total gray matter (TGM), total white matter, and frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, and insular lobes were assessed using 3-dimensional T1 magnetic resonance imaging scans. Multiple factor analysis and hierarchical clustering revealed sex-specific dietary patterns. Associations between dietary patterns and annual brain-volume changes (%) were evaluated using general linear models adjusted for age, apoprotein E genotype, body mass index, medical history, lifestyle behaviors, socioeconomic factors, and energy intake.

Results
Among the 1636 participants (age: 40.3–89.2 years), three dietary patterns were determined for men (n = 815; Western; Vegetable-Fruit-Dairy; and Traditional Japanese diets) and women (n = 821; Western; Grain-Vegetable-Fruit; and Traditional Japanese diets). Compared to women following the Western diet, those on the Traditional Japanese diet had less TGM atrophy. Multivariable-adjusted β (95% confidence interval) of the annual change (%) of TGM was − 0.145 (-0.287 to -0.002; P = 0.047), which correlated with reduced parietal lobe atrophy. No association between dietary pattern and brain atrophy was observed in men.

Conclusions
Adherence to healthy dietary patterns, with higher consumption of whole grains, seafood, vegetables, fruits, mushrooms, soybean products, and green tea, potentially confers a protective effect against brain atrophy in middle-aged and older Japanese women but not in men. Further research to confirm these results and ascertain the underlying mechanisms is required. This study highlights the importance of sex-specific effects on the relationship between dietary patterns and brain health in diverse populations.
Systematic integration of molecular and clinical approaches in HCV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Shabangu Ciniso Sylvester , Su Wen-Hsiu , Li Chia-Yang , Yu Ming-Lung , Dai Chia-Yen , Huang Jee-Fu , Chuang Wan-Long , Wang Shu-Chi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in gene expression and regulation, with dysregulation of miRNA function linked to various diseases, including hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There is still a gap in understanding the regulatory relationship between miRNAs and mRNAs in HCV-HCC. This study aimed to investigate the function and effects of persistent HCV-induced miRNA expression on gene regulation in HCC.

Methods
MiRNA array data were used to identify differentially expressed miRNAs and their targets, and miRNAs were analyzed via DIANA for KEGG pathways, gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment, and Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) for hepatotoxicity, canonical pathways, associated network functions, and interactive networks.

Results
Seventeen miRNAs in L-HCV and 9 miRNAs in S-HCV were differentially expressed, and 5 miRNAs in L-HCV and 5 miRNAs in S-HCV were significantly expressed in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) tumors. Grouped miRNA survival analysis showed that L-HCV miRNAs were associated with survival in LIHC, and miRNA‒mRNA targets regulated viral carcinogenesis and cell cycle alteration through cancer pathways in LIHC. MiRNA-regulated RCN1 was suppressed through miRNA-oncogene interactions, and suppression of RCN1 inhibited invasion and migration in HCC.

Conclusion
Persistent HCV infection induced the expression of miRNAs that act as tumor suppressors by inhibiting oncogenes in HCC. RCN1 was suppressed while miRNAs were upregulated, demonstrating an inverse relationship. Therefore, hsa-miR-215-5p, hsa-miR-10b-5p, hsa-let-7a-5p and their target RCN1 may be ideal biomarkers for monitoring HCV-HCC progression.

Graphical Abstract
Differential contribution of canonical and noncanonical NLGN3 pathways to early social development and memory performance
Authors: Li Lin-Yu , Imai Ayako , Izumi Hironori , Inoue Ran , Koshidaka Yumie , Takao Keizo , Mori Hisashi , Yoshida Tomoyuki 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNeuroligin (NLGN) 3 is a postsynaptic cell adhesion protein organizing synapse formation through two different types of transsynaptic interactions, canonical interaction with neurexins (NRXNs) and a recently identified noncanonical interaction with protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) δ. Although, NLGN3 gene is known as a risk gene for neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID), the pathogenic contribution of the canonical NLGN3-NRXN and noncanonical NLGN3-PTPδ pathways to these disorders remains elusive. In this study, we utilized Nlgn3 mutant mice selectively lacking the interaction with either NRXNs or PTPδ and investigated their social and memory performance. Neither Nlgn3 mutants showed any social cognitive deficiency in the social novelty recognition test. However, the Nlgn3 mutant mice lacking the PTPδ pathway exhibited significant decline in the social conditioned place preference (sCPP) at the juvenile stage, suggesting the involvement of the NLGN3-PTPδ pathway in the regulation of social motivation and reward. In terms of learning and memory, disrupting the canonical NRXN pathway attenuated contextual fear conditioning while disrupting the noncanonical NLGN3-PTPδ pathway enhanced it. Furthermore, disruption of the NLGN3-PTPδ pathway negatively affected the remote spatial reference memory in the Barnes maze test. These findings highlight the differential contributions of the canonical NLGN3-NRXN and noncanonical NLGN3-PTPδ synaptogenic pathways to the regulation of higher order brain functions associated with ASD and ID.
Breast composition during and after puberty: the Chilean Growth and Obesity Cohort Study
Authors: Pereira Ana , Garmendia María Luisa , Leiva Valeria , Corvalán Camila , Michels Karin B. , Shepherd John 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Breast density (BD) is a strong risk factor for breast cancer. Little is known about how BD develops during puberty. Understanding BD trajectories during puberty and its determinants could be crucial for promoting preventive actions against breast cancer (BC) at early ages. The objective of this research is to characterize % fibroglandular volume (%FGV), absolute fibroglandular volume (AFGV), and breast volume (BV) at different breast Tanner stages until 4-year post menarche in a Latino cohort and to assess determinants of high %FGV and AFGV during puberty and in a fully mature breast.

Methods
This is a longitudinal follow-up of 509 girls from low-middle socioeconomic status of the Southeast area of Santiago, recruited at a mean age of 3.5 years. The inclusion criteria were singleton birth born, birthweight between 2500 and 4500 g with no medical or mental disorder. A trained dietitian measured weight and height since 3.5 years old and sexual maturation from 8 years old (breast Tanner stages and age at menarche onset). Using standardized methods, BD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in various developmental periods (breast Tanner stage B1 until 4 years after menarche onset).

Results
In the 509 girls, we collected 1,442 breast DXA scans; the mean age at Tanner B4 was 11.3 years. %FGV increased across breast Tanner stages and peaked 250 days after menarche. AFGV and BV peaked 2 years after menarche onset. Girls in the highest quartiles of %FGV, AFGV, and BV at Tanner B4 and B5 before menarche onset had the highest values thereafter until 4 years after menarche onset. The most important determinants of %FGV and AFGV variability were BMI z-score (R2 = 44%) and time since menarche (R2 = 42%), respectively.

Conclusion
We characterize the breast development during puberty, a critical window of susceptibility. Although the onset of menarche is a key milestone for breast development, we observed that girls in the highest quartiles of %FGV and AFGV tracked in that group afterwards. Following these participants in adulthood would be of interest to understand the changes in breast composition during this period and its potential link with BC risk.
Segmental artery angioembolization as an efficient treatment modality for delayed hematuria with normal angiography: two case reports
Authors: Pakdel Alireza , Asgari Fardin , Bahri Razman Arabzadeh , Aghamir Seyed Mohammad Kazem 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is the most commonly used modality for the removal of kidney stones larger than 2 cm in size. Like other stone removal methods, percutaneous nephrolithotomy also has some complications, including bleeding and delayed hematuria. These complications are improved with conservative management and bed rest most of the time. However, it may require more invasive treatments. Angioembolization following an abnormal renal angiography is an efficient treatment modality for delayed hematuria. Furthermore, nephrectomy is suggested in uncontrolled cases of delayed hematuria when renal angiography is normal.

Case presentation
We described two cases of uncontrolled delayed hematuria after percutaneous nephrolithotomy and angioembolization were carried out rather than potential nephrectomies. The first case was a 61-year-old Iranian man with left kidney stones, for whom percutaneous nephrolithotomy was planned. The patient was referred to the hospital after discharge with massive hematuria and had normal angiographic findings. An angioembolization was suggested for the patient and was carried out. His hematuria was dramatically improved within 30 minutes, and his hemoglobin level started to increase 2 days later. The second case was a 53-year-old Iranian man with kidney stones who was a candidate for right kidney percutaneous nephrolithotomy. The patient was referred to the hospital 4 days after discharge with a decreased hemoglobin level and massive hematuria. The patient had normal angiographic findings and was planned for angioembolization to control his hemorrhage, which dramatically decreased after the angioembolization within 60 minutes.

Conclusion
Embolization of the segmental arteries of the targeted calyx can eliminate hematuria of the patient and prevent further nephrectomy.
Acute Pain Services and pain-related patient-reported outcomes in Hungarian hospitals
Authors: Lovasi Orsolya , Gaál Péter , Frank Krisztián , Lám Judit 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Postoperative pain management is an important part of surgical care, where Acute Pain Service offers added value in terms of patient outcomes and costs. The technology, however, has hardly been adopted in Hungary, with only two hospitals operating Acute Pain Service and whose performance has not been evaluated yet. This research compared pain management outcomes of surgical, orthopedic, and traumatology patients in Hungarian hospitals with and without Acute Pain Service.

Methods
We recruited 348 patients, 120 in the APS group and 228 in the control group, whose experience was surveyed with an adapted version of the American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire. The questionnaire covered pain intensity, pain interference with physical and emotional functions, side effects, patient satisfaction, information received, and participation in treatment decisions. The differences were analyzed by Fisher’s exact test and Mann–Whitney U test.

Results
The APS group showed better results with lower pain intensity scores regarding worst postoperative pain (χ2 = 18.919, p = 0.0043). They reported less pain interference with activities in bed (χ2 = 21.978, p = 0.0006) and out of bed (χ2 = 14.341, p = 0.0129). Furthermore, patients in the APS group experienced fewer pain-management-related side effects, like nausea (χ2 = 15.240, p = 0.0101), drowsiness (χ2 = 26.965, p = 0.0001), and dizziness (χ2 = 13.980, p = 0.0124). However, patient information (χ2 = 3.480, p = 0.0945) and patient satisfaction (χ2 = 5.781, p = 0.2127) did not differ significantly between the two groups.

Conclusions
Our findings confirm earlier international evidence on the benefits of Acute Pain Service in postoperative pain management and support the wider adoption of the technology in Hungarian hospitals. Nevertheless, close attention should be paid to patient information and involvement as better outcomes alone do not necessarily increase patient satisfaction.
Increasing the angle between caudal screw and the transverse plane may aggravate the risk of femoral head necrosis by deteriorating the fixation stability in patients with femoral neck fracture
Authors: Zhang Jian , Wan Shengyu , Luo Xiaozhong , Zhang Caidong , Wu Chao , He Lipeng , Li Jingchi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNecrosis of the femoral head is the main complication in femoral neck fracture patients with triangle cannulated screw fixation. Instant postoperative fixation instability is a main reason for the higher risk of femoral head necrosis. Biomechanical studies have shown that cross screw fixation can effectively optimize fixation stability in patients with proximal humerus fractures and pedicle screw fixation, but whether this method can also effectively optimize the fixation stability of femoral neck fractures and reduce the corresponding risk of femoral head necrosis has yet to be identified. In this study, a retrospective review of imaging data in femoral neck fracture patients was performed. The cross angle between the femoral neck and the caudal cannulated screw was reported; if the angle between the screw and the transverse plane increased, it was recorded as positive; otherwise, it was recorded as negative. Angle values and their corresponding absolute values were compared in patients with and without femoral head necrosis. Regression analysis identified potential risk factors for femoral head necrosis. Moreover, the biomechanical effect of the screw–femoral neck angle on fixation stability was also verified by numerical mechanical simulations. Clinical review presented significantly larger positive angle values in patients with femoral head necrosis, which was also proven to be an independent risk factor for this complication. Moreover, fixation stability progressively deteriorated with increasing angle between the caudal screw and the transverse plane. Therefore, increasing the angle between the caudal screw and the transverse plane may aggravate the risk of femoral head necrosis by deteriorating the fixation stability in patients with femoral neck fracture.