bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF AN OESTROGEN ANTAGONIST ETHAMOXY-TRIPHETOL (MER-25) ON OESTROUS BEHAVIOUR IN RATS
Authors: Meyerson Bengt J. , Lindström Leif 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
MER-25, 75–150 mg/kg, inhibited oestrous behaviour induced by oestradiol benzoate/progesterone treatment in ovariectomized rats. In experiments in which MER-25 was administered 2 hours before oestradiol benzoate, the extent of antagonism was dependent on the dose of MER-25. Single injections of MER-25, given at different time intervals in conjunction with oestrogen administration, showed that MER-25 effectively decreased the response when administered either 2 hours before, or 2 or 8 hours after oestradiol benzoate treatment. No significant effect occurred when MER-25 was given simultaneously with, 12 hours before, or 24 hours after the oestrogen injection.
MER-25 had no effect when oestradiol was given instead of oestradiol benzoate in otherwise analogous experiments. It seems probable that the inability of MER-25 to antagonize the effect of oestradiol in these experiments was due to the fact that MER-25 cannot compete with the comparatively high dose of oestradiol which was necessary to obtain the same response as in the oestradiol benzoate experiments.
DESOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID SYNTHESIS (DNA) IN THE RAT OVARY AFTER TREATMENT WITH ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES
Authors: Mohr U. , Seene G. , Emminger A. , Althoff J. , Zimmer F. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The radioactively labelled ovaries of Wistar rats were examined by autoradiography and activity measurement after long-term treatment of varying duration with an oral contraceptive (Lyndiol®). The administration of Lyndiol® led to the absence of the normal oestrous cycle and, after more prolonged treatment, to a reduction both in the number and size of follicles and to atrophy of the ovaries. As calculated per 1 mg dry organ weight, the DNA values found were within the range of the cycle-dependent fluctuations; however, they were a great deal lower when the reduced organ weight was taken into account.
STUDIES ON HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN
Authors: van Hell H. , Matthijsen R. , Homan J. D. H. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Highly purified preparations of Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (HCG), with potencies up to 18 800 IU/mg, were obtained from material containing about 1500 IU/mg, by using a fractionation with ethanol, CMSephadex chromatography and gel filtration with Sephadex G-100.
Starch gel electrophoresis revealed that the most potent preparation still contained three components, while certain other fractions with much lower potencies were found to be homogeneous.
Evidence is presented for the presence of various HCG components differing from each other in biological potency, electrophoretic mobility and sialic acid content. Within this material, components with higher electroporetic mobilities and higher sialic acid contents showed higher biological potencies. The molecular weight estimated in the absence of calcium ions was 62 000 ± 1000.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE PRECIPITATION REACTION IN A DOUBLE-ANTIBODY IMMUNOASSAY FOR INSULIN
Authors: Grant D. B. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The effects of human serum and ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) on the precipitation stage of a double-antibody immunoassay for insulin have been studied. Human serum consistently reduced the rate of precipitation of bound insulin by rabbit antiserum and the results obtained with modified human serum suggested that this effect was due to complement. Under certain conditions, EDTA was found to accelerate the precipitation of antibody-bound insulin and some implications of this finding to the double-antibody method of assay are considered.
EFFECTS OF VARIOUS PEPTIDES ON ALDOSTERONE PRODUCTION OF SODIUM DEFICIENT RATS
Authors: van der Wal B. , de Wied D. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The effect of angiotensin II, vasopressin, ACTH, α- and β-MSH and several ACTH fragments was studied on the production of aldosterone in sodium-deficient intact and hypophysectomized rats and in animals pretreated with dexamethasone-pentobarbitone (D-N) or pentobarbitone-chlorpromazine (N-CPZ). As an index of the production of aldosterone in vivo the rate of aldosterone production by excised adrenal tissue in vitro was used.
The effect of angiotensin II and vasopressin on aldosterone production was inhibited by previous hypophysectomy or by pretreatment with large amounts of dexamethasone while the action of ACTH was not affected by these measures.
Except for α-MSH, none of the other ACTH-fragments was capable of stimulating the rate of aldosterone production in D-N rats. This was interpreted as indicating that the stimulatory effect of ACTH on aldosterone production in sodium-deficient rats is a property of the whole ACTH-molecule.
SELECTIVE UPTAKE OF RADIOACTIVITY IN RAT VENTRAL PROSTATE FOLLOWING ADMINISTRATION OF TESTOSTERONE-1,2-3H
Authors: Tveter Kjell J. , Attramadal Arne 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Testosterone- 1,2-3H with a specific activity of 46.5 c/mm was injected intramuscularly into 3–4 months old, randomly selected rats castrated 3 days prior to injection. The radioactivity in liver, muscle, blood and the ventral prostate was measured by liquid scintillation counting. A selective uptake of radioactivity was demonstrated in the prostate, with a maximum concentration 1–2 hours following injection. Animals with ureterocolostomy showed the same values, thus eliminating urinary contamination as an explanation for the registered uptake.
Simultaneous administration of 20 μg per rat of unlabelled testosterone diminished the uptake in the prostate by an average of 38 % in intact rats, while 500 μg of unlabelled hormone per rat reduced the uptake to background levels in animals castrated 1 day previously.
It is suggested that the main reason for earlier failure to demonstrate a selective uptake in the prostate might be the administration of greater amounts of a hormone with too low a specific radioactivity.
THE FALL OF BLOOD PRESSURE FOLLOWING INDUCTION OF DECIDUOMATA IN STEROID HYPERTENSIVE RATS RECEIVING PROGESTERONE
Authors: Moore H. C. , Cserhati I. , Biliczki F. P. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Experimental deciduomata and progesterone together lower the blood pressure in the steroid hypertensive rat from the 5th to 10th day of decidual growth i. e. from the 10th to 15th day of pseudopregnancy. This would suggest that the fall of blood pressure at an equivalent time of gestation in hypertensive pregnant rats could be due to the maternal decidua under the influence of progesterone. It is further considered that the metrial gland of the deciduoma is more likely to be responsible for the hypotensive effect and by comparison that the metrial gland is implicated in the hypotensive effect of pregnancy.
Progesterone alone also exerts a minor hypotensive effect in those animals in which a nephrectomy forms part of the hypertension regimen and indicates one way in which a maternal renal factor could influence blood pressure responses in hypertensive pregnant rats.
BIOASSAY OF ANTIGONADOTROPHIC SERA
Authors: Robyn C. , Diczfalusy E. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Methods are described for the bioassay of the human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) – and luteinising hormone (LH) neutralising potencies of antigonadotrophic sera. The methods are based on the increase in weight of the accessory reproductive organs of intact immature male rats and on the increase in weight of the ventral prostate of hypophysectomised immature rats.
The antigonadotrophic sera were obtained following immunisation of rabbits with HCG, human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) and human hypophysial gonadotrophin (HHG) preparations. These sera were then assayed against the laboratory standard and the International Standard preparations of HCG, as well as against a highly purified HCG preparation. The antigonadotrophic potencies of the various antisera showed a close agreement, when assayed in intact or hypophysectomised animals against the different HCG preparations.
When anti-HCG sera were assayed in intact or hypophysectomised animals against the laboratory standard of HMG, the antigonadotrophic potencies were approximately three times higher than those obtained against HCG preparations. In an attempt to account for this discrepancy, the laboratory standard of HCG was assayed against the laboratory standard of HMG and the Second International Standard preparation of HCG was assayed against the Second International Reference preparation of HMG in both assay systems used. The potency of 1.0 IU of HCG corresponded to that of 2.5 to 2.9 IU of LH.
If this difference is taken into consideration, the discrepancy in antigonadotrophic titers disappears. However, when anti-HCG and anti-HHG sera were assayed in intact or hypophysectomised animals against an HHG preparation, the antigonadotrophic potencies were approximately ten times lower than those obtained when the antisera were tested against HCG preparations and ten to thirty times lower than those obtained in the assays conducted against the laboratory standard of HMG. Since these discrepancies in antigonadotrophic titers cannot be explained by differences in the gonadotrophic potency of the preparations used, it is concluded, that major differences exist in the antigenic properties of human gonadotrophins of pituitary – and urinary origin.
Δ4-5α-HYDROGENASE DER LEBER UND NEBENNIERENRINDEN-AKTIVITÄT UNTER EINFLUSS VON SCHILDDRÜSENHORMON
Authors: Schriefers Herbert , Hoff Hanns-Georg , Pohl Franzis 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
In experiments with male rats the in vivo effects of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) on the following parameters were investigated: the microsomal Δ4-5α-hydrogenase activity of the liver, the adrenal weight and the in vitro corticosterone production rate.
Either thyroid hormone leads to the known increase in the cortisone reduction rate. However, there are two different mechanisms underlying this effect. While the effect of T4 after two or three days of treatment is due to an increase in the production of reduced NADP by the liver cell with no change in the Δ4-5α-hydrogenase activity (McGuire & Tomkins 1959), treatment for only two days with T3 causes an increase in microsomal activity. The activity of the microsomal preparation without additions is zero for both the control and the T3 treated animals. If increasing quantities of NADP are added together with glucose-6-phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, then for each addition of NADP up to the maximum value the activity of the Δ4-5α-hydrogenase of the treated animals is always considerably higher by the same percentage than that of the controls.
With animals possessing low Δ4-5α-hydrogenase activity treatment with T3 leads to a greater percentage increase in the enzyme activity than with animals having higher hydrogenase activities. There exists a very close correlation (r = 0.94) between hydrogenase activity and its percentage increase due to T3 administration. The regression-line indicates that with hydrogenase activities greater than 12 T3 is without effect. This leads to the view that the hepatic action of T3 is to promote steroid hydrogenation up to a fixed turnover rate.
Although the increase in the adrenal weight was the same with either thyroid hormone, only T3, not T4, was simultaneously effective in raising corticosterone production rate in vitro. Thus, an increase in the adrenal weight is not in any case the expression of an enhanced hormone secretion rate. The fact that the administration of T4 significantly increases Δ4-5α-hydrogenase activity and adrenal weight without concomitant increase in corticosterone production rate must be regarded as evidence against the assumption that the adrenal effect of T4 is simply the consequence of the primary acceleration of corticosteroid turnover in the liver.
IN VITRO-VERSUCHE ZUR PROTEINANABOLEN WIRKUNG DES TESTOSTERONS
Authors: Dirscherl W. , Henrichs H. R. , Caspari R. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A method for the perfusion of vesicular glands of guinea pigs is described by which it is possible to demonstrate a testosterone-dependent increase of the incorporation of amino acids into the protein of this target organ. The increase becomes significant after one hour; omission of antibiotics leads to an obliteration of the effect.
In addition a series of unsuccessful experiments is reported which were aimed at obtaining a protein-anabolic effect of testosterone on whole target organs by means of incubation experiments.
THE IMPAIRED RESPONSE TO METYRAPONE IN PATIENTS TAKING OESTROGEN
Authors: Sprunt J. Gordon , Rutherford E. R. , Nelson Don H. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The impaired response to metyrapone during ethinyloestradiol administration has been studied in a further seven patients. A two day metyrapone test was done in the control period and then when the patient was receiving ethinyloestradiol 0.1 mg daily. In four of the patients the metyrapone tests were repeated in the control and oestrogen periods, but with the addition of an 8-hour infusion of ACTH on each of the metyrapone days. The 17-hydroxycorticosteroids excreted in the urine were converted to 17-oxosteroids using Few's method, chromatographed, and the 11β-hydroxyaetiocholanolone and aetiocholanolone fractions eluted and measured. Any change in the degree of 11β-hydroxylase inhibition by metyrapone should be reflected in a change in the ratio of 11β-hydroxyaetiocholanolone to aetiocholanolone, as these are derived from the metabolites of cortisol and 11-deoxycortisol respectively. It was found that this ratio was higher when metyrapone was administered during the oestrogen period than when it was administered during the control period. The effect was still seen when the adrenal cortex was maximally stimulated with ACTH during the periods of metyrapone administration.
It is concluded that oestrogen administration impairs 11β-hydroxylase inhibition by metyrapone, possibly as a result of increased 11β-hydroxylase activity in the adrenal cortex.
THE OVARIAN ASCORBIC ACID DEPLETION TEST FOR LUTEINIZING HORMONE
Authors: Koed Hans Jacob , Hamburger Christian 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Urinary extracts from two women hypophysectomized for metastasizing mammary adenocarcinoma and from 11 children of either sex between 5 and 9 years were found to produce marked ovarian ascorbic acid depletion in the Parlow test for luteinizing hormone. As these urines cannot contain significant amounts of luteinizing hormone, it is concluded that the depletion must be due to unspecific substances, probably proteins in the urines. From the literature other indications of non-specificity of the Parlow test are mentioned, and the main conclusion of the present investigation is that for the assay of luteinizing hormone in extracts of human urine the test is unreliable.
EFFECT OF NORETHISTERONE ACETATE WITH OR WITHOUT ETHINYL OESTRADIOL ON THE SIALIC ACID CONCENTRATION AND SPERM RECEPTIVITY OF THE CERVICAL MUCUS
Authors: Carlborg Lars , McCormick William , Gemzell Carl 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The sialic acid concentration in the cervical mucus was studied during 9 ovulatory cycles in 5 subjects and in 5 other subjects before, during and after treatment with norethisterone acetate and ethinyl oestradiol in combination (Anovlar®) or norethisterone acetate alone. Sperm receptivity was also studied in the latter 5 subjects. In all cycles pregnanediol determinations and basal body temperature were used as an indication of ovulation. The following results were obtained:
The concentration of sialic acid decreases during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle and increases during the secretory phase. In 19 of 25 cycles, cyclic changes in sialic acid concentration were found together with a positive sperm receptivity while in cycles with no change in sialic acid concentration no sperm receptivity was found. During combination therapy (Anovlar®) no cyclic changes in sialic acid concentration, and no sperm receptivity were found. During treatment with 1 mg of norethisterone acetate alone there was no sperm receptivity but in 2 of 5 subjects cyclic changes in sialic acid concentration were found.
LEVELS AND PATTERNS OF ACID MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES IN BOVINE CORONARY ARTERIES WITHOUT GROSS LESIONS
Authors: Likar Ivan N. , Likar Lydia J. , Robinson Roger W. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Levels and patterns of mural acid mucopolysaccharides (AMPS) of left coronary arteries were investigated in 52 cows, 3–10 years old, from New England.
In cows with regular sexual cycles the average range of mural total AMPS in coronary arteries varied from 2.1–4.8 mg/g of dry defatted tissue and was in agreement with results obtained in bovine aortas previously reported. Total levels of AMPS were 56.6 % higher in the proliferative than in the progestational period.
In pregnant animals the total AMPS levels were similar to those found in oestrus and constant through the gestational period.
Mural AMPS levels of the bovine coronary artery were endocrine related. Oestrogenic hormones in particular exhibited a regulatory effect upon the metabolism of mural AMPS.
In 14 cases classified as atypical total AMPS values were lower by 30 % or higher by 40 % above the average values found in 29 animals with regular sexual cycles.
Increased levels of AMPS may be the non-specific response of the arterial wall to noxious agents (activation of connective tissue – mesenchymal reaction). Lower AMPS values may be explained by endocrine malfunction in these animals.
Histochemical observations alone could not reveal an increase or decrease of total mural AMPS. Intensive AMPS staining was observed in cases where the 1 m fraction of the Low sulphated (LS) group was elevated over 20 % of the AMPS pattern.
Changes in patterns of mural AMPS in bovine coronary arteries are not a secondary phenomenon, but an early event possibly responsible for the development and progress of bovine coronary artery disease.
UNTERSUCHUNGEN ZUR GLUCONEOGENETISCHEN WIRKUNG VON CORTISOL
Authors: Meiers H. G. , Beien W. , Dieterich T. , Staib W. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The cortisol conditioned liver glycogen development was investigated within a time limit through the use of intact starved rats, which were made artificial diabetics with alloxan, and which were adrenalectomized. The liver glycogen and blood glucose concentration showed after one oral insertion of cortisol phased changes, which indicates endocrine counter-reactions.
The insulin-like activity in plasma which was investigated through the use of intact rats showed an increase, while the cortisol conditioned induction of the liver – tryptophan-pyrrolase from endocrine regulations was not influenced, the cortisol conditioned liver glycogen development represented itself as a combined reaction of primary and secondary effects. An insular reaction obviously follows a primary gluconeogenetic one. Then an adrenalic counter-regulation results. These factors ascertain the degree and duration of the liver glycogen sedimentation.
PARTIAL SOMATOTROPHIN INSUFFICIENCY IN CUSHING'S SYNDROME
Authors: Strauch G. , Modigliani E. , Luton P. , Bricaire H. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Plasma growth hormone levels were studied in 15 patients with Cushing's syndrome using several stimuli. All tests except one, were performed before treatment. No change occurred in 6 patients during acute hypoglycaemia and in 11 out of 13 after a glucose load. Arginine given intravenously to 11 subjects elicited a rise in 7 out of 8 females and 1 out of 3 males. From patients who responded to arginine infusion, 6 were insensitive to one or two of the above mentioned stimuli. A selective inhibition of the releasing mechanisms might account for the partial somatotrophin insufficiency found in Cushing's syndrome.
FAMILIAL ELEVATION OF SERUM THYROXINE-BINDING GLOBULIN CAPACITY
Authors: Siersbæk-Nielsen K. , Hansen J. Mølholm , Hippe E. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Elevated thyroxine-binding globulin capacity in serum (TBG) was found in five members of a family. Two males and three females in three generations had elevated TBG, protein-bound iodine and serum thyroxine but decreased dialysable thyroxine. The patients were clinically euthyroid and calculations of free thyroxine in serum and 131I uptake in the thyroid gland showed normal values. These results support the assumption that TBG is genetically controlled. The mode of transmission was consistent with dominant inheritance but it is not possible to determine whether it is x-linked or autosomal.
EFFECTS OF OESTRADIOL BENZOATE ON CORPORA LUTEA IN RATS BEARING PITUITARY AUTOGRAFTS
Authors: Stolzenberg Sidney J. , Eggert Robert G. , Linkenheimer Wayne H. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Female rats received pituitary autotransplants beneath the kidney capsule at 11 to 12 weeks of age or were hypophysectomized only at the metoestrous stage of the cycle. Subcutaneous injections of oestradiol benzoate (OB) were started 30 to 40 days following surgery in the first 3 experiments. In Experiments 1 and 2, Series 1 injections consisted of 50, 50 and 25 μg of OB given subcutaneously on days 0, 3 and 5. Series 2 injections were the same as Series 1 but given on days 16, 19 and 21. Pituitary grafts were removed from half of the rats on day 15 in Experiment 1. Ovarian weights were obtained on day 28. In Experiment 3, the dose of OB was raised to 100 μg per injection giving a total of 300 μg for each series. In Experiment 4, hypophysectomized rats without pituitary autotransplants were given Series 1 and 2 OB injections at the level of 125 μg per series. In Experiment 5, subcutaneous injections of OB were started 5 to 7 days following pituitary autotransplant. Rats were injected daily with 50 μg for 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 days, with autopsies following 4 or 5 days after the last injection. In Experiment 6, 50 μg was injected daily in hypophysectomized rats without pituitary transplants for 5 and 20 days.
The immediate effect of OB injections into rats bearing pituitary autografts was a significant (P < 0.01) increase in ovarian weight. Long term treatment (> 40 days) caused a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in ovarian weight. Short term treatment followed by a 23 or 35 day period of no treatment gave an even greater decrease in ovarian weight (P < 0.01). Hypophysectomized rats showed no effect on ovarian weights with similar OB treatments, indicating the importance of the pituitary gland in this response. Removal of the autotransplanted pituitary gland 10 days after the first series was completed, had no apparent effect on regression of the corpora lutea. There was no effect on adrenal weight in any of the experiments.
It is suggested that oestrogens initiate a process which ultimately results in luteal regression in rats bearing pituitary autografts.
THE UPTAKE OF (6,7-3H) 17β-OESTRADIOL BY TISSUES OF THE DOMESTIC FOWL DURING AN OVULATION CYCLE
Authors: Hawkins R. A. , Heald P. J. , Taylor Patricia 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The uptake of radioactivity by various tissues of the domestic fowl has been studied following a single intravenous dose, at different times during the ovulatory cycle.
It has been found that the pituitary gland showed significant cyclical accumulations of radioactivity, when calculated in terms of dpm/mg wet weight, at different stages in the ovulatory cycle, the greatest accumulation being in the period 12–16 hours before the expected ovulation. The results are discussed in relation to the role of oestrogens in the timing of ovulation. It is proposed that oestradiol acts as a major regulator of the timing of ovulation in the domestic fowl.
APPROXIMATE VERSUS EXACT EVALUATION OF BIOASSAYS BASED ON QUANTAL RESPONSE
Authors: Borth Rudi , Menzi Annette , Vuagnat Pierre 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
An approximate method for the statistical evaluation of quantal assays was compared with exact probit analysis. The agreement both of potency estimates and of fiducial ranges was satisfactory in 83 of the 87 assays considered. It was concluded that assay data based on the approximate method are likely to be statistically reliable.
The computer programmes used are described briefly.