bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluid balance, dry weight, and blood pressure in dialysis
Authors: CHARRA Bernard 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe total amount of sodium present in the body controls the extracellular volume. In advanced renal failure, sodium balance becomes positive and the extracellular volume expands. This leads to hypertension, and vascular changes that lead to adverse cardiovascular consequences in dialysis patients. Controlling the body sodium content and the extracellular volume allows one to better control hypertension and its consequences. This can be achieved by reducing the sodium input (sodium dietary restriction and reasonably low sodium dialysate) and/or by increasing the sodium output (ultrafiltration by convection). The discontinuous nature of hemodialysis causes saw‐tooth volume fluctuations. This has led to the concept of dry weight (DW), a crucial component of dialysis adequacy. Assessment and achievement of DW is feasible on pure clinical grounds. But its relative lack of accuracy (and the physicians' progressive lack of interest in bedside examination) has led to several nonclinical methods of assessing DW in an effort to improve the assessment of fluid status in dialysis patients.
Multiple myeloma and hypercoagulability leading to internal jugular vein thrombosis in a dialysis patient
Authors: PRATAP Balaji , GUPTA Punit , KUMAR Praveen , ABRAHAM Georgi , SANTHANAM Ramalakshmi 
Published: January 2007

AbstractA 68‐year‐old male patient with end‐stage renal failure on maintenance hemodialysis using a right internal jugular dual‐lumen catheter developed thrombosis of the internal jugular vein with extension into the superior vena cava after removal of the catheter. As he developed a lower backache with MRI finding of disease of the D11 and D12 vertebrae, a bone biopsy performed showed multiple myeloma. Anticoagulant therapy led to recanalization of the thrombosed veins.
An evaluation of blood volume changes during ultrafiltration pulses and natriuretic peptides in the assessment of dry weight in hemodialysis patients
Authors: VAN DE POL Anouk C. M. , FRENKEN Leon A. , MORET Karin , BAUMGARTEN Ruben , VAN DER SANDE Frank M. , BEERENHOUT Charles M. , KOOMAN Jeroen P. , LEUNISSEN Karel M. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractChanges in blood volume (BV) during dialysis as well as plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N‐terminal (NT) pro‐BNP levels are possible tools to assess dry weight in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The aim of the study was to compare these parameters with other non‐invasive techniques used to assess dry weight in HD patients, and to study their relation with intradialytic hypotension (IDH) and the presence of cardiovascular disease BV changes during HD, both during regular dialysis and during an ultrafiltration pulse, plasma levels of NT pro‐BNP and BNP, and vena cava diameter index (VCDI) were assessed in a cohort of 66 HD patients, which was subdivided according to tertiles of total body water (TBW) corrected for body weight, assessed by bioimpedance analysis. Parameters were also related to the presence of IDH and history of cardiovascular disease. The decline in BV during regular dialysis and during an ultrafiltration pulse, as well as VCDI and BNP were significantly different between the tertiles of normalized TBW, but refill after the ultrafiltration pulse and NT pro‐BNP were not. Only VCDI and the decline in BV during regular dialysis were significantly different between patients with or without IDH. Vena cava diameter index, BNP, and NT pro‐BNP were significantly higher in patients with cardiovascular disease. Using bioimpedance as the reference method, changes in BV, either during regular dialysis or during an ultrafiltration pulse, as well as VCDI and BNP are all indicative of hydration state in dialysis patients, but refill after an ultrafiltration pulse is not. Only VCDI and BV changes were related to IDH. The presence of cardiovascular disease appears to influence both VCDI as well as BNP.
Quantitative analysis of convective dose in hemofiltration and hemodiafiltration: “Predilution” vs. “postdilution” reinfusion
Authors: COLUSSI Giacomo , FRATTINI Gianmaria 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIn hemofiltration (HF) and hemodiafiltration (HDF), removal of medium and high‐molecular‐weight solutes is greatly enhanced by convective mechanisms as compared with simple diffusion; increasing convective flows may allow greater removal rates of these solutes. Use of “predilution” (pre‐H[D]F) may allow higher ultrafiltration rates than the “postdilution” mode (post‐H[D]F); yet, the dilution of plasma water may have unpredictable effects on “endogenous” water convection. We have applied a mathematical analysis to evaluate and compare endogenous water convective flow rates in pre‐H(D)F vs. post‐H(D)F. Endogenous plasma water recovered in ultrafiltrate was calculated according to patient (hematocrit, total protein level) and session parameters (blood flow, ultrafiltration rate, programmed weight loss), in absolute terms and as a fraction of endogenous plasma water delivery to the filter. Maximally efficient post‐H(D)F was modelled according to a preset postfilter hematocrit or filtration fraction. Nomograms were constructed expressing endogenous water convective fluxes in relation to parameters of interest (ultrafiltration rate, blood flow, hematocrit) with both post‐H(D)F and pre‐H(D)F, and “efficiency” of pre‐H(D)F vs. post‐H(D)F (as the ratio of endogenous water convective flow rate with the 2 techniques) as a function of the ultrafiltration/reinfusion rate. In post‐H(D)F, the model predicts maximal ultrafiltration rates within the limits of a preset hemoconcentration at the filter outlet; additionally, the model allows to calculate ultrafiltration/reinfusion quantities to be set in pre‐H(D)F to equal and overcome maximal convective efficiency of post‐H(D)F. This “equivalence” ultrafiltration rate may greatly vary according to patient's hematocrit and blood flow, so that the ultrafiltrate‐reinfusate volume available in the system dictates, in any patient, which mode of reinfusion may attain higher “endogenous” convective flow rates. Pre‐H(D)F may allow higher fractional and absolute “endogenous” convective flow rates as compared with post‐H(D)F, provided that adequate amounts of reinfusate are available. For lower reinfusate volumes than “equivalence” values, post‐H(D)F remains a better option.
Short‐ and long‐term periodontal evaluation of impacted canines treated with a closed surgical–orthodontic approach
Authors: Crescini Aldo , Nieri Michele , Buti Jacopo , Baccetti Tiziano , Mauro Saverio , Pini Prato Giovan Paolo 
Published: January 2007

AbstractAim: The aims were to evaluate and compare the periodontal status of unilateral impacted maxillary canines treated by a combined surgical–orthodontic technique with that of normally erupted controlateral canines.Material and Methods: One hundred and twenty‐five patients, consecutively enrolled, aged between 12.8 and 52.0 years, 31 males and 94 females, presented one impacted maxillary canine (test group) and the controlateral canine normally erupted (control group). All cases were treated by a surgical flap and orthodontic traction directed to the centre of the crest and evaluated periodontally at the end of treatment. Fifty‐eight patients were followed up for a mean of 3.4 ± 0.5 years. Pocket depth (PD), keratinized tissue width (KT) and gingival recession were recorded. Multilevel models were created.Results: At the end of the orthodontic treatment, PD and KT of the 125 impacted canines were slightly, but statistically significantly higher than controls. Only one treated canine showed a recession (1 mm). At follow‐up (58 patients), this difference decreased and the two groups were not significantly different.Conclusions: The combined technique permitted the traction of the impacted canines to the centre of the crest, thus simulating a physiological eruption pattern. Correct alignment and good periodontal status were obtained.
Effect of platelet‐rich plasma on the healing of intra‐bony defects treated with a natural bone mineral and a collagen membrane
Authors: Döri Ferenc , Huszár Tamás , Nikolidakis Dimitris , Arweiler Nicole B. , Gera István , Sculean Anton 
Published: January 2007

AbstractBackground: Regenerative periodontal therapy with a combination of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP)+a natural bone mineral (NBM)+guided tissue regeneration (GTR) has been shown to result in significantly higher probing depth reductions and clinical attachment‐level gains compared with treatment with open flap debridement alone. However, at present, it is unknown to what extent the use of PRP may additionally enhance the clinical outcome of the therapy compared with treatment with NBM+GTR.Aim: To clinically compare treatment of deep intra‐bony defects with NBM+PRP+GTR with NBM+GTR.Material and Methods: Thirty patients suffering from advanced periodontal disease, and each of whom displayed one advanced intra‐bony defect were randomly treated with a combination of either NBM+PRP+collagen membrane (GTR) or NBM+GTR. The following clinical parameters were evaluated at baseline and at 1 year after treatment: plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing depth (PD), gingival recession and clinical attachment level (CAL). CAL changes were used as the primary outcome variable.Results: No differences in any of the investigated parameters were observed at baseline between the two groups. Healing was uneventful in all patients. At 1 year after therapy, the sites treated with NBM+PRP+GTR showed a reduction in mean PD from 8.9±2.3 mm to 3.4±2.0 mm (p<0.001) and a change in mean CAL from 10.9±2.2 mm to 6.4±1.8 mm (p<0.001). In the group treated with NBM+GTR, the mean PD was reduced from 8.9±2.5 mm to 3.4±2.3 mm (p<0.001), and the mean CAL changed from 11.1±2.5 mm to 6.5±2.3 mm (p<0.001). In both groups, all sites gained at least 3 mm of CAL. CAL gains of 4 mm were measured in 80% (i.e. in 12 out of 15 defects) of the cases treated with NBM+PRP+GTR and in 87% (i.e. in 13 out of 15 defects) treated with NBM+GTR. No statistically significant differences in any of the investigated parameters were observed between the two groups.Conclusions: Within its limits, the present study has shown that (i) at 1 year after regenerative surgery with both NBM+PRP+GTR and NBM+GTR, significant PD reductions and CAL gains were found, and (ii) the use of PRP has failed to improve the results obtained with NBM+GTR.
Prognostic model for tooth survival in patients treated for periodontitis
Authors: Faggion Clóvis M. , Petersilka Gregor , Lange Dieter E. , Gerss Joachim , Flemmig Thomas F. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractBackground: In patients with periodontitis, a quantitative prognostic assessment is needed in order to make evidence‐based decisions about retaining teeth or extracting and replacing them with a dental prosthesis.Methods: One hundred and ninety eight patients receiving active periodontal treatment in 1989 or 1990 and complying with supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) over an average of 11.8±2.3 years were included in the study. A generalized linear model was established and fitted via generalized estimating equations to identify predictors for tooth loss during SPT.Results: Of the 4559 teeth present at baseline, 166 (3.6%) were extracted during active treatment and 249 (5.5%) during SPT. Baseline findings of diabetes mellitus (OR=4.17), reduced alveolar bone levels (OR=1.04 for each 1% increment), increased tooth mobility (III versus 0: OR=5.52), multiple roots (OR=1.82), and non‐vital pulp (OR=2.24) were significant (p<0.05) predictors for tooth loss during SPT. Based on these parameters, a prognostic model was constructed that provides estimates of tooth survival probability when periodontal therapy is rendered.Conclusion: Using a multivariate approach, a prognostic model was developed that may be of value for clinical decision making.
Effects of periodontal therapy on serum C‐reactive protein, sE‐selectin, and tumor necrosis factor‐α secretion by peripheral blood‐derived macrophages in diabetes. A pilot study
Authors: Lalla E. , Kaplan S. , Yang J. , Roth G. A. , Papapanou P. N. , Greenberg S. 
Published: January 2007

Background and Objective:  Diabetes is associated with an increased risk for vascular disease and periodontitis. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of periodontal treatment in diabetes with respect to alterations in the pro‐inflammatory potential of peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Material and Methods:  Ten patients with diabetes and moderate to severe periodontitis received full‐mouth subgingival debridement. Blood samples for serum/plasma and mononuclear cell isolation were collected prior to and 4 wk after therapy. Mononuclear cells were analyzed by flow cytometry and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or ionomycin/phorbol ester to determine the pro‐inflammatory capacity of macrophages and lymphocytes, respectively.Results:  Following periodontal treatment, all patients demonstrated a significant improvement in clinical periodontal status (p < 0.05), despite only modest reduction in subgingival bacterial load or homologous serum immunoglobulin G titers. CD14+ blood monocytes decreased by 47% (p < 0.05), and the percentage of macrophages spontaneously releasing tumor necrosis factor‐α decreased by 78% (p < 0.05). There were no significant changes in the capacity of lymphocytes to secrete interferon‐γ. Among a number of serum inflammatory markers tested, high‐sensitivity‐C‐reactive protein significantly decreased by 37% (p < 0.01) and soluble E‐selectin decreased by 16.6% (p < 0.05).Conclusion:  These data suggest a reduced tendency for monocyte/macrophage‐driven inflammation with periodontal therapy and a potential impact on atherosclerosis‐related complications in diabetic individuals.
Local narrowband UVB phototherapy vs. local PUVA in the treatment of chronic hand eczema
Authors: Sezer Engin , Etikan Ilker 
Published: January 2007

Background: Hand eczema is a chronic skin disorder characterized by a poor response to conventional therapies. Although local PUVA has been proven to be effective in the treatment of chronic hand eczema, little is known about the efficacy and safety of local narrowband UVB (TL‐01) for this condition. The aim of our study was to compare the efficacy and safety of local narrowband UVB phototherapy with paint‐PUVA in patients with chronic hand eczema of dry and dyshidrotic types unresponsive to conventional therapies.Patients/methods: Fifteen patients (nine men and six women) with chronic hand eczema of dry and dyshidrotic types was included in this prospective, comparative study based on a left to right comparison pattern. The treatments were administered with local narrowband UVB irradiation on one hand and local paint‐PUVA using 0.1% 8‐methoxypsoralen gel on the other hand three times a week over a 9‐week period. The NB‐UVB irradiation was administered using a local NB‐UVB system equipped with TL‐01 lamps. The initial dose was 150 mJ/cm2 for each patient. An increasing percentile dose schedule based on an increase of 20% was used in every session, until a final dose of 2000 mJ/cm2 was reached. Evaluation of clinical scores was carried out every 3 weeks during the treatment period.Results: Twelve of the 15 recruited patients completed the study. There was a statistically significant decrease in the mean clinical score at the third, sixth and nineth week in both groups. The difference in clinical response between the two treatment modalities was not statistically significant at the end of the 9‐week treatment period. In the narrowband UVB‐treated side, the tolerance of all the patients to the treatment was good all patients well‐tolerated the treatment with the exception of mild xerosis that responded to topical emollients.Conclusion: Local narrowband UVB phototherapy regimen is as effective as paint‐PUVA therapy in patients with chronic hand eczema of dry and dyshidrotic types.
Comparison of broadband UVB, narrowband UVB, broadband UVA and UVA1 on activation of apoptotic pathways in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Authors: Tuchinda Chanisada , Lim Henry W. , Strickland Faith M. , Guzmán Esther A. , Wong Henry K. 
Published: January 2007

Background/purpose: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is an important therapy for immune‐mediated cutaneous diseases. Activation of early apoptotic pathways may play a role in the clinical effectiveness. Different UV wavelengths have different efficacy for various diseases, but it remains unclear whether the ability to induce apoptosis differs with respect to the wavelength, and whether they induce apoptosis through the same mechanism. The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of different UV wavelengths that are used clinically on normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).Methods: PBMCs were treated with UV‐light sources broadband UVB, narrowband UVB, broadband UVA and UVA1. Initiation of apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry by staining–treated cells for activated caspases. Immunoblots were performed to measure for cleaved caspase‐3, ‐8, ‐9, cytochrome c, Bcl 2‐interacting domain and poly‐(ADP ribose) polymerase cleavage.Results: We demonstrate that all the UV radiation sources induced caspase activation in a dose‐and time‐dependent manner. Components of both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis were activated by all of the UV wavelengths tested, but differed in the level of energy needed for activation.Conclusion: The greater effectiveness of UVB on initiation of apoptotic pathway suggests that apoptosis may play a role in the clinical efficacy of UVB‐responsive inflammatory cutaneous diseases.
Psoralen plus UVA vs. UVB‐311 nm for the treatment of lichen planus
Authors: Wackernagel Alexandra , Legat Franz J. , Hofer Angelika , Quehenberger Franz , Kerl Helmut , Wolf Peter 
Published: January 2007

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the short‐ and long‐term therapeutic efficacy of psoralen plus UVA (PUVA) vs. UVB‐311 nm in the treatment of patients with disseminated lichen planus.Methods: A computerized data bank search and chart review revealed that data from a total of 28 patients, including 15 patients [11 women, four men; mean age 47 years (range, 16–65 years)] treated between 1998 and 2004 with PUVA and 13 patients [10 women, three men; mean age 51 years (range, 19–69 years)] treated with UVB‐311 nm, were available at our institution for retrospective analysis.Results: All 15 patients (100%) treated with oral PUVA had a complete [n=10 (67%)] or partial [n=5 (33%)] clinical response, whereas 10 of 13 patients (77%) treated with UVB‐311 nm showed complete [n=4 (31%)] or partial [n=6 (46%)] clinical response. Statistical analysis revealed that the initial response to PUVA was superior to that of UVB‐311 nm (P=0.0426; Wilcoxon's exact test). There were no statistically significant differences between the PUVA‐ and UVB‐311 nm‐treated patient groups with regard to mean therapy duration (10.5 vs. 8.2 weeks; P=0.1107; unpaired, two‐tailed Student's t test) or mean number of treatment exposures (25.9 vs. 22.5; P=0.1775). After a mean follow‐up period of 20.5 months (range, 2–49 months) and 35.7 months (range, 3–60 months), respectively, disease recurrence or deterioration was observed in seven of 15 PUVA‐treated patients (47%) and three of 10 UVB‐311 nm‐treated patients (30%). Kaplan–Meier lifetime table analysis revealed no statistically significant difference between the 2 treatment groups in terms of sustained overall (i.e., partial and complete) clinical response rate (P=0.8593; log‐rank test).Conclusions: Even though oral PUVA produces a better initial clinical response rate, both oral PUVA and UVB‐311 nm are effective treatments for lichen planus that produce similar long‐term outcomes.
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis in urticaria induced by sun exposure
Authors: Stinco Giuseppe , Di Gaetano Luca , Rizzi Claudio , Patrone Pasquale 
Published: January 2007

Background: Solar urticaria manifests itself immediately after solar or artificial light exposure and disappears a little later. Histopathologic findings of solar urticaria are essentially identical to those of classic urticaria.Case report: We report a 41‐year‐old man who developed urticarial lesions some hours after sunlight exposure, which resolved after approximately 1 week. Histologic examination of the lesions evidenced a leukocytoclastic vasculitis.Conclusion: In a literature review we found one case of solar urticaria with histologic aspects of leukocytoclastic vasculitis.
Immunoprofile of focal lymphocytic infiltration in minor salivary glands of healthy individuals
Authors: Yarom N , Dayan D , Buchner A , Vered M 
Published: January 2007

Aim:  To characterize the immunohistochemical profile of the inflammatory cells included in the focal lymphocytic infiltration in the minor salivary glands of healthy individuals.Materials and Methods:  Tissue samples of the labial and palatal salivary glands from 46 postmortem subjects, demonstrating the presence of focal lymphocytic infiltration were quantitatively evaluated for the presence of T‐ and B‐cell lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages by immunohistochemical and morphometric methods.Results:  B‐cell lymphocytes, the predominant cell population in labial (67.5%) and palatal salivary glands (60.8%), were more frequent than T‐cell lymphocytes in both glands (P < 0.001). Among the T‐cell lymphocytes, CD4‐positive cells were significantly more prevalent than the CD8‐positive cells (P < 0.001). Plasma cells were almost absent, comprising only 0.01% of the focal lymphocytic infiltration cells of the labial and palatal salivary glands.Conclusions:  Focal lymphocytic infiltration in the samples of the salivary glands obtained from healthy individuals is devoid of plasma cells. This can serve as an additional means to differentiate between focal lymphocytic infiltration in patients with Sjögren's syndrome, in which plasma cells are abundant, and focal lymphocytic infiltration in individuals with other causes of focal sialadenitis.
Protective Effect of Hydrocortisone on Iminodipropionitrile‐Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Tariq Mohammad , Khan Haseeb Ahmad , Siddiquei Mairaj M. , Al Moutaery Khalaf , Al Deeb Saleh 
Published: January 2007

Abstract:  Occupational and environmental exposure of synthetic nitriles is of potential relevance to human health. Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN), a prototype nitrile toxin, has been shown to produce dyskinetic syndrome in rodents. This study reports the effect of concomitant exposure of rats to hydrocortisone and IDPN on behavioural abnormalities namely excitation, circling and chorea (ECC) syndrome. Four groups of female Wistar rats were given hydrocortisone (0, 10, 30 and 60 mg/kg, gavage, for 10 days) 30 min. before IDPN (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally for 8 days). Two additional groups of rats were treated with either saline (control group) or 60 mg/kg of hydrocortisone (drug alone group). The animals were observed for neurobehavioural abnormalities including dyskinetic head movement, circling, tail hanging, air righting reflex and contact inhibition of righting reflex. After behavioural studies, the animals were killed, and the discrete brain regions and temporal bones were collected for biochemistry and inner ear histopathology, respectively. Hydrocortisone significantly and dose dependently attenuated the incidence and severity of IDPN‐induced behavioural syndrome. Administration of hydrocortisone (60 mg/kg) alone significantly increased glutathione (GSH) levels in olfactory bulb and striatum, whereas IDPN alone significantly reduced GSH levels in olfactory bulb, striatum and hippocampus. Hydrocortisone (60 mg/kg) significantly compensated IDPN‐induced depletions of GSH in different brain regions. Hydrocortisone also protected the animals against IDPN‐induced vestibular hair cell degeneration. The protective effect of hydrocortisone may be attributed to its anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties.