bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exogenous heat shock protein 27 uniquely blocks differentiation of monocytes to dendritic cells
Authors: Laudanski Krzysztof , De Asit , Miller‐Graziano Carol 
Published: September 2007

AbstractCirculating heat shock protein (HSP)‐27 is associated with tumor progression and increased post‐injury infection. Extracellular HSP‐27 might alter monocyte (MO)‐derived DC and/or MΦ function to mediate immunosuppression. HSP‐27 treatment inhibited expression of CD1a and CD1b/c, antigen uptake, and allogeneic T cell induction (MLR) by IL‐4 + GM‐CSF‐differentiated human DC while increasing some MΦ characteristics (↑CD14, ↑CD16, ↑CD163). MO cytokine receptor profiles elicited by 24‐h exogenous HSP‐27 treatment remained supportive of immature DC (iDC) emergence (↑IL‐4R, ↓IL‐6R, ↓M‐CSFR). IL‐10, IL‐6, and M‐CSF (which promote MΦ differentiation) were significantly increased in IL‐4 + GM‐CSF + HSP‐27 MO→iDC differentiation cultures. However, HSP‐27 treatment during MO differentiation to DC increased programmed cell death ligand 1 coinhibitor and depressed CD86 costimulator expression in parallel to decreased iDC MLR activity. This suggested that increased MΦ differentiation was not solely responsible for HSP‐27 reduction of differentiating DC activity. HSP‐27 treatment actually depressed the phagocytic capacity of MO differentiated to MΦ by IL‐10 or M‐CSF culture. CD163 (hemoglobin receptor) expression was depressed on M‐CSF + HSP‐27 MO‐derived MΦ. HSP‐27‐mediated inhibition of MO→iDC differentiation was reversed by p38α & β inhibitor (SB202190) addition or TLR4 receptor modulation. HSP‐27 impaired appropriate MO→iDC and MO→MΦ differentiation modulating expression of receptors necessary for their proper functions. This suggests that endogenous HSP‐27 has immunoregulatory activities which could contribute to immunopathology.
Molecular and transcriptional characterization of the novel 17p11.2‐p12 amplicon in multiple myeloma
Authors: Fabris Sonia , Todoerti Katia , Mosca Laura , Agnelli Luca , Intini Daniela , Lionetti Marta , Guerneri Silvana , Lambertenghi‐Deliliers Giorgio , Bertoni Francesco , Neri Antonino 
Published: September 2007

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of clonal bone marrow plasma cells characterized by a high genomic instability increasing with disease progression. We describe here a genomic amplification at 17p11.2‐p12, an unstable chromosomal region characterized by a large number of low‐copy repeats, which have been proven to mediate deletion and duplication in several genomic disorders and amplifications in solid tumors. An ∼5 Mb 17p11.2‐p12 amplified region was detected in the KMS‐26 myeloma cell line by SNP microarray analysis. Further fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping showed two unidentified amplified chromosomes as well as a complex pattern of rearranged chromosomes 17. The analysis of transcriptional profiles in a proprietary database of myeloma cell lines identified 12 significantly overexpressed genes in the KMS‐26 amplified region, including TNFRSF13B/TACI, COPS3, and NCOR1. The evaluation of their expression levels in a database including 141 plasma cell dyscrasia primary tumors showed a significant overexpression of at least one gene in 13 patients. FISH analyses of these patients identified one MM carrying a 3.8 Mb amplified region and two MMs with gains specifically involving the TACI locus. Interestingly, the complete inactivation of TP53 at 17p13.1 was found in the KMS‐26, whereas a monoallelic loss was identifiable in two of the three patients carrying gain/amplification. Our data suggest that, similarly to solid tumors, amplification/gain of the 17p11.2‐p12 region in MM could be mediated by the presence of repeats located in this region and may provide insights for defining novel candidate myeloma‐associated genes. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular definition of chromosome arm 5q deletion end points and detection of hidden aberrations in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and isolated del(5q) using oligonucleotide array CGH
Authors: Evers Christina , Beier Manfred , Poelitz Anne , Hildebrandt Barbara , Servan Kati , Drechsler Matthias , Germing Ulrich , Royer Hans‐Dieter , Royer‐Pokora Brigitte 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIsolated deletions of the long arm of chromosome 5, del(5q), are observed in 10% of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and are associated with a more favorable prognosis, although the clinical course varies considerably. If one or more additional chromosomal aberrations are present, this correlates with a significantly shorter overall survival. To assess the frequency of hidden abnormalities in cases with an isolated cytogenetic del(5q), we have performed a genome wide high resolution 44 K 60mer oligonucleotide array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) study using DNA from bone marrow cells of 12 MDS and one AML patient. In one case a single additional hidden 5.6 Mb deletion of 13q14 and in another case multiple larger aberrations involving many chromosomes were found. Fluorescence in situ hybridization demonstrated that aberrations present in 35% of the bone marrow cells can be detected by aCGH. Furthermore with oligonucleotide aCGH the deletion end points in 5q were mapped precisely, revealing a cluster of proximal breakpoints in band q14.3 (n = 8) and a distal cluster between bands q33.2 and q34 (n = 11). This study shows the high resolution of oligonucleotide CGH arrays for precisely mapping genomic alterations and for refinement of deletion end points. In addition, the high sensitivity of this method enables the study of whole bone marrow cells from MDS patients, a disease with a low blast count. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transgenic mice for conditional gene manipulation in astroglial cells
Authors: Slezak Michal , Göritz Christian , Niemiec Aurore , Frisén Jonas , Chambon Pierre , Metzger Daniel , Pfrieger Frank W. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractAstrocytes are thought to exert diverse functions in the brain, but it has been difficult to prove this in vivo because of a scarcity of tools to manipulate these cells. Here, we report the generation of new transgenic mouse lines that allow for conditional gene ablation in astrocytes using the tamoxifen‐ (TAM‐) inducible CreERT2/loxP system and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)‐based transgenesis. In adult transgenic mice, where CreERT2 expression is driven by the promoter of the sodium‐dependent glutamate/aspartate transporter (Glast/Slc1a3) or of connexin 30 (Cx30/Gjb6), intraperitoneal TAM‐injection induced Cre‐mediated recombination in astroglial cells throughout the brain. Targeting efficacies varied in a region‐specific manner from 20 to 90% as indicated by enzyme‐based reporter lines and immunohistochemical staining. In addition, the Glast‐line allowed to target retinal Müller cells and adult neural stem/progenitor cells in neurogenic regions of the adult brain. Transgenic mice expressing CreERT2 under the control of the apolipoprotein e (ApoE) or aquaporin 4 (Aqp4) promoter showed inducible recombination in different areas of the central nervous system (CNS) albeit at low levels. Transgenic lines showed TAM‐induced recombination in specific peripheral organs. These new mouse lines should help to further explore the relevance of astrocytes for brain function, as well as their contribution to pathological conditions because of aging, disease or injury. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nmr spectroscopic analysis of regional brain energy metabolism in manganese neurotoxicity
Authors: Zwingmann Claudia , Leibfritz Dieter , Hazell Alan S. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA central question in manganese neurotoxicity concerns the focal neuronal damage in the globus pallidus. In the present study, we investigated specific pathways of [1‐13C]glucose as well as of [2‐13C]acetate in this brain region and the frontal cortex following 4‐day manganese treatment by high‐resolution NMR spectroscopy. Following administration of 50 mg/kg/day manganese, glutamine concentration in the globus pallidus was decreased to 67% of control values but increased in frontal cortex by 56%. Manganese treatment also caused pronounced changes in glutamine‐glutamate‐GABA interconversion in which region‐selective differences were observed in the isotopomer pattern of GABA compared with that of glutamine when including the astrocyte‐specific substrate [2‐13C]acetate. In particular, decreased 13C‐labeled glutamine, synthesized from [1‐13C]glucose, paralleled accumulation of 13C‐labeled GABA in globus pallidus but not in frontal cortex. On the other hand, increased synthesis of glutamine from [2‐13C]acetate showed that GABA accumulation was not due to increased synthesis from astrocytic glutamine. Furthermore, treatment with manganese resulted in a selective decrease in N‐acetyl‐aspartate in the globus pallidus. These data illustrate the potential importance of alterations in neuronal metabolic function. In particular, neuronal metabolic derangements and regional differences in the ability of astrocytes to fulfill their contribution to the glutamine‐glutamate‐GABA cycle during the early phase of manganese neurotoxicity may be crucial in determining the severity of cellular injury. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Proteomic identification of an upregulated isoform of annexin A3 in the rat brain following reversible cerebral ischemia
Authors: Junker Heike , Suofu Yalikun , Venz Simone , Sascau Magdalena , Herndon James G. , Kessler Christof , Walther Reinhard , Popa‐Wagner Aurel 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe used proteomics to identify regulated proteins following cerebral ischemia in a rat model. Young rats were subjected to reversible middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion and proteins were extracted from the peri‐infarcted and the corresponding contralateral area at days 3 and 14 postischemia. Proteins were analyzed by two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry. We report for the first time that an isoform of annexin A3 (ANXA3) was among the upregulated proteins in the postischemic rat brain. The results were confirmed by real‐time PCR and by western blotting. Double‐ and triple‐immunostaining with neuronal and microglia/macrophagic markers demonstrated that ANXA3 is produced by resting microglia in control tissue and by activated microglial/macrophage cells in the infarcted area. 3D‐images of the infarcted area suggest that ANXA3 is associated with a phagocytic phenotype. Our study identifies ANXA3 as a novel marker of brain microglia, which should be of substantial value in future studies of microglial cells and its role in the postischemic brain. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optimizing in‐kind drug donations for Tanzania—a case study
Authors: Mariacher Gaby Gehler , Mtasiwa Deo , Wiedenmayer Karin , Bruppacher Rudolf , Tanner Marcel , Hersberger Kurt E. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA questionnaire survey (QS) among stakeholders in Tanzania had shown that in‐kind drug donations (DDs) are important to boost the drug supply system. Major problems were their insufficient quantity for sustainable treatment and the discrepancy between the needs of the recipients and the donors' supply. Objectives in this study were to discuss these findings and to learn from key informants (KIs) how to improve the DD process. Data were collected through KI interviews in 2001/2002.A 30% gap in drug supply has to be bridged by DDs. KIs confirmed the importance of the World Health Organisation and Tanzanian DD guidelines as a tool for good donation practice and emphasized the role of the government in their implementation. They requested that donors meet the recipient country's regulatory requirements. In contrast to QS respondents, KIs did not view DD quality as a minor problem, and proposed that DD quality should be adapted to the national quality assurance procedures. DD processes could be improved through (a) effective implementation of DD guidelines as an aid for decision‐making and for quality assurance, (b) availability of data to improve communication between donors and recipients, (c) transparency between recipients and donors and (d) clearly defined accountability. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preventive pediatric mental health care: A co‐location model
Authors: Briggs Rahil D. , Racine Andrew D. , Chinitz Susan 
Published: September 2007

AbstractCurrent practice recommendations in both the fields of infant mental health and pediatrics support the co‐location of mental health professionals into the pediatric setting. Multiple policy reports and statements of the past 5 years have repeatedly argued the need for coordination and integration between mental health care and pediatrics (Halfon, Regalado, McLearn, Kuo, & Wright, 2003; Osofsky, 2004). The pediatric office is recognized as a universally accessed, nonstigmatized setting, ideal for the assessment and treatment of early childhood mental health problems. However, barriers to this type of care are rampant, including time limitations on the part of pediatricians, inadequate reimbursement structures, inadequate training of pediatricians, and insufficient connections between medical and mental health providers. An innovative response to these barriers is the co‐location of a mental health professional in the pediatric practice to provide pediatrician education and appropriate screening, assessment, referral, and treatment of young patients. This article describes a successful program of this type situated in the Bronx, NY, where a psychologist with expertise in infant mental health spends 25 hours per week in a large pediatric practice to address the developmental and mental health needs of children aged 0–3 years old. Preliminary descriptive data regarding the patient population, screening scores, and disposition are presented.
Influence of adolescent maternal characteristics on infant development
Authors: Aiello Rachele , Lancaster Sandra 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe present study proposed that several adolescent maternal variables would be associated with infant development. Using a sample of 71 adolescent mother‐infant dyads, the study examined the relative influences of the adolescent's level of separation‐individuation (Separation‐Individuation Process Inventory), feelings of attachment towards the infant (Maternal Postnatal Attachment Scale), and feelings of anxiety regarding separation (Maternal Separation Anxiety Scale) on infant mental and motor development (Bayley Scales of Infant Development, 2nd ed.). As it was assumed that the adolescent's perceptions of being parented would provide the foundation for each of these independent variables, this factor was also included (Parental Bonding Instrument). In the current sample, adolescent separation‐individuation was the only maternal psychological variable to uniquely predict infant development, but only on the mental scale. Present findings highlight the importance of considering critical developmental processes of adolescence when exploring cognitive functioning and other outcomes in infants of adolescents. A number of possible mechanisms for the influence of separation‐individuation are considered in the discussion.
Independence number and clique minors
Authors: Kawarabayashi Ken‐ichi , Song Zi‐Xia 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe Hadwiger number ${h}({G})$ of a graph G is the maximum integer t such that ${K}_{t}$ is a minor of G. Since $\chi({G})\cdot\alpha({G})\geq |{G}|$, Hadwiger's conjecture implies that ${h}({G})\cdot \alpha({G})\geq |{G}|$, where $\alpha({G})$ and $|{G}|$ denote the independence number and the number of vertices of G, respectively. Motivated by this fact, it is shown that $(2\alpha({G})-{2})\cdot {h}({G})\geq |{G}|$ for every graph G with $\alpha({G})\geq {3}$. This improves a theorem of Duchet and Meyniel and a recent improvement due to Kawarabayashi et al. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Graph Theory 56: 219–226, 2007
Study of low‐molecular weight organic acids in maize roots under the stress of cadmium using capillary zone electrophoresis
Authors: Guo Bao‐Yuan , Peng Zhen‐Lei , Han Fang , Shan Xiao‐Quan , Lin Jin‐Ming 
Published: September 2007

AbstractAn indirect CE method was developed for the study of low‐molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) in maize under the stress of cadmium. The influences of indirect reagents (phthalate, salicylic acid, and benzoic acid), coion concentration, and pH were studied. A buffer composed of 15 mmol/L benzoate and 0.2 mmol/L CTAB (pH 5.7) was used in the organic acid determination. The detection limit ranged between 0.5 and 6 μmol/L. The RSD (n = 14) of the method was found to be in the range of 0.11–0.49% for migration time and 1.25–4.72% for peak area. In the maize roots, obvious increases of LMWOAs were observed when the plants were under the stress of cadmium and/or organic acids. The recovery of standard organic acids added in real samples ranged from 85 to 116%.
Electrophoretic investigation of the boron cluster anion [7‐(2′‐pyridyl)‐nido‐7,8‐dicarbaundecaborate]– and its protonated zwitterionic product
Authors: Vespalec Radim , Langauf Aleš , Laromaine Anna , Viñas Clara , Horáková Hana 
Published: September 2007

AbstractACN is a better solvent than methanol for both [NMe4] [7‐(2′‐pyridyl)‐nido‐7,8‐C2B9H11] and its protonated anion. The investigated laboratory preparations of the salt and of its protonated anion are electrophoretically pure solids stable for 2 months at 4°C. At a longer storage, the solid salt is more stable than the solid protonated anion. In the 40:60 v/v water–methanol solvent, decomposition products of the salt anion are detectable after one‐week storage of the salt solution at 4°C. The protonated anion does not decompose for almost 1 year in water–organic solutions at 4°C. The exchange of the proton between the protonated anion and the solution is reversible and fast at room temperature. The pH dependence of the mobility of the [7‐(2(‐pyridyl)‐nido‐7,8‐C2B9H11]– anion reveals that the basicity of the nitrogen atom in the pyridine ring is not significantly affected by the bonding of the pyridyl group to the nido‐7,8‐C2B9H11 cluster in position 7 and that the proton from the solution is accepted by the nitrogen atom in the 2‐pyridyl ring. The UV‐spectra of the salt and of its protonated anion indicate that the accepted proton is probably slightly shifted to the open face of the nido‐7,8‐C2B9H11 cluster. The [1]– is chiral.
Modulation of the actomyosin interaction during fatigue of skeletal muscle
Authors: Cooke Roger 
Published: September 2007

AbstractFatigue of skeletal muscle involves many systems beginning with the central nervous system and ending with the contractile machinery. This review concentrates on those factors that directly affect the actomyosin interaction: the build‐up of metabolites; myosin phosphorylation; and oxidation of the myofibrillar proteins by free radicals. The decrease in [ATP] and increase in [ADP] appear to play little role in modulating function. The increase in phosphate inhibits tension. The decrease in pH, long thought to be a major factor, is now known to play a more minor role. Myosin phosphorylation potentiates the force achieved in a twitch, and a further role in inhibiting velocity is proposed. Protein oxidation can both potentiate and inhibit the actomyosin interaction. It is concluded that these factors, taken together, do not fully explain the inhibition of the actomyosin interaction observed in living fibers, and thus additional modulators of this interaction remain to be discovered. Muscle Nerve, 2007
Three‐dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis of pile groups in saturated porous media using a new transmitting boundary
Authors: Maleki Javan Mohammad Reza , Noorzad Asadollah , Latifi Namin Manouchehr 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe dynamic behaviour of pile groups subjected to an earthquake base shaking is analysed. An analysis is formulated in the time domain and the effects of material nonlinearity of soil, pile–soil–pile kinematic interaction and the superstructure–foundation inertial interaction on seismic response are investigated. Prediction of response of pile group–soil system during a large earthquake requires consideration of various aspects such as the nonlinear and elasto‐plastic behaviour of soil, pore water pressure generation in soil, radiation of energy away from the pile, etc. A fully explicit dynamic finite element scheme is developed for saturated porous media, based on the extension of the original formulation by Biot having solid displacement (u) and relative fluid displacement (w) as primary variables (u–w formulation). All linear relative fluid acceleration terms are included in this formulation. A new three‐dimensional transmitting boundary that was developed in cartesian co‐ordinate system for dynamic response analysis of fluid‐saturated porous media is implemented to avoid wave reflections towards the structure. In contrast to traditional methods, this boundary is able to absorb surface waves as well as body waves. The pile–soil interaction problem is analysed and it is shown that the results from the fully coupled procedure, using the advanced transmitting boundary, compare reasonably well with centrifuge data. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian method for large‐strain consolidation problems
Authors: Nazem Majidreza , Sheng Daichao , Carter John P. , Sloan Scott W. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn this paper, an arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) method is generalized to solve consolidation problems involving large deformation. Special issues such as pore‐water pressure convection, permeability and void ratio updates due to rotation and convection, mesh refinement and equilibrium checks are discussed. A simple and effective mesh refinement scheme is presented for the ALE method. The ALE method as well as an updated‐Lagrangian method is then used to solve some classical consolidation problems involving large deformations with different constitutive laws. The results clearly show the advantage and efficiency of the ALE method for these examples. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimal multigrid preconditioned semi‐monotonic augmented Lagrangians applied to the Stokes problem
Authors: Lukáš D. , Dostál Z. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe propose an optimal computational complexity algorithm for the solution of quadratic programming problems with equality constraints arising from partial differential equations. The algorithm combines a variant of the semi‐monotonic augmented Lagrangian (SMALE) method with adaptive precision control and a multigrid preconditioning for the Hessian of the cost function and for the inner product on the space of Lagrange variables. The update rule for penalty parameter acts as preconditioning of constraints. The optimality of the algorithm is theoretically proven and confirmed by numerical experiments for the two‐dimensional Stokes problem. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.