bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An experimental study on fire ignition in collector cable in wind power generation system caused by direct lightning strike
Authors: Seki Ken‐ichi , Tsuchida Takashi , Akiba Atsushi , Tada Hiroyuki , Sekioka Shozo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA separable connector is used for the power cables and apparatuses in renewable energy systems. The shield of the collector cable is sometimes an open circuit at one end to reduce power loss due to the shield current. However, this has a disadvantage from the viewpoint of lightning protection. The semiconductive part of the separable connector is grounded for safety. The ground potential rise due to a direct lightning strike to a wind tower sometimes damages the collector cables and power apparatuses in the wind tower. Combustion in a cable is one of the most serious types of lightning‐caused damage. This paper describes an experimental study on fire ignition in a collector cable caused by a ground potential rise due to a direct lightning strike to a receptor. The mechanism leading to fire ignition is discussed based on the experimental results. This paper also proposes a countermeasure against such fire ignition.
The Molecular Structures of Lithium Trichlate, Li[Cl3CSO3]⋅2H2O, and Lithium Tribrate, Li[Br3CSO3]⋅2H2O
Authors: Mertens Alisha , Eppers Katrin , van Gerven David , Wickleder Mathias S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLithium trichlate, Li[Cl3CSO3] ⋅ 2H2O (triclinic,
, Z=2, a=630.29(3) pm, b=630.65(3) pm, c=1246.10(6) pm, α=100.657(2)°, β=97.813(2)°, γ=107.994(2)°) was obtained from the reaction of (H5O2)[Cl3CSO3] and LiOH in aqueous solution. Similarly, colourless single crystals of the tribrate Li[Br3CSO3] ⋅ 2H2O (triclinic,
, Z=4, a=634.65(4) pm, b=636.83(4) pm, c=2496.8(2) pm, α=83.518°, β=86.081(5)°, γ=72.061(5)°) form in the reaction of aqueous Br3CSO3H and LiOH. The acid (H5O2)[Cl3CSO3] was obtained from the chlorination of CS2, followed by oxidation of the intermediate Cl3CSCl with H2O2. The bromo derivative Br3CSO3H has been prepared by bromination of phenylsulfonate with KOBr and subsequent ion exchange of the obtained potassium salt. Both lithium compounds exhibit molecular dimers according to {Li2(X3CSO3)2/1(H2O)2/1(H2O)2/2} with the Li+ ions in tetrahedral coordination of oxygen atoms. The difference in the crystal structures result from the variation of the orientation of the dimers with respect to each other. The experimental findings for the dimers are in good agreement with DFT calculations.
Allying interfacial engineering of 2D carbon nanosheet‐, graphene‐, and graphdiyne‐based heterostructured electrocatalysts toward hydrogen evolution and overall water splitting
Authors: Mo Wuwei , Foo Joel Jie , Ong Wee‐Jun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractElectrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and overall water splitting (OWS) for renewable energy generation have recently become a highly promising and sustainable strategy to tackle energy crisis and global warming arising from our overreliance on fossil fuels. Previously, tremendous research breakthroughs have been made in 2D carbon‐based heterostructured electrocatalysts in this field. Such heterostructures are distinguished by their remarkable electrical conductivity, exposed active sites, and mechanical stability. Herein, with fundamental mechanisms of electrocatalytic OWS summarized, our review critically emphasized on state‐of‐the‐art 2D carbon nanosheet‐, graphene‐, and graphdiyne‐based heterostructured electrocatalysts in HER and OWS since 2018. Particularly, the three emerging carbonaceous substrates tend to be incorporated with metal carbides, phosphides, dichalcogenides, nitrides, oxides, nanoparticles, single atom catalysts, or layered double hydroxides. Meanwhile, fascinating structural engineering and facile synthesis strategies were also unraveled to establish the structure–activity relationship, which will enlighten future electrocatalyst developments toward ameliorated HER and OWS activities. Additionally, computational results from density functional theory simulations were highlighted as well to better comprehend the synergistic effects within the heterostructures. Finally, current stages and future recommendations of this brand‐new electrocatalyst type were concluded and discussed for advanced catalyst designs and future practical applications.
The effect of surfactant on biosolubilization of weathered coal
Authors: Tong Qian , Wang Yu , Mao Xinping , Wan Chuanyu , Wen Miao , Han Fengpeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWeathered coal is a type of coal with barren utility value, which is exposed on the surface for a prolonged time or shallowly buried in coal seams, and the physicochemical properties of weathered coal have changed compared with high‐quality coal. China is also a country with large reserves of weathered coal, therefore, the value utilization of weathered coal has received tremendous scientific attention. Herein, the main purpose is to explore the combined effect of surfactants and microorganisms on bioconversion of weathered coal to produce humic substances. Tween‐80, Phanaerochaete chrysosporium (J1) and Trametes versicolor (J2) were selected as surfactants and engineering strains to convert weathered coal. 3D fluorescence spectra were used to analyze the species and contents of humic acids during the biosolubilization process of weathered coal. Results revealed that both J1 and J2 exhibited good performance on weathered coal biosolubilization (increasing 10% and 14% compared to the control, respectively). The intensity of weathered coal biosolubilization was significantly increased by 15% and 12% when J1 and J2 were applied in combination with Tween‐80. And the addition of Tween‐80 also distinctly reduced the molecular weight of humic substances. In summary, surfactant plays an important role in bioconversion of weathered coal, while molecular weight of humic substances was different that weathered coal biosolubilization under the co‐action of J1 and Tween‐80 increased and J2 with Tween‐80 was opposite. In short, this project might provide a new strategy for exploring the biodegradation of weathered coal.
Applying k‐nearest neighbors to time series forecasting: Two new approaches
Authors: Tajmouati Samya , Wahbi Bouazza E. L. , Bedoui Adel , Abarda Abdallah , Dakkon Mohamed 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe k‐nearest neighbors algorithm is one of the prominent techniques used in classification and regression. Despite its simplicity, the k‐nearest neighbors has been successfully applied in time series forecasting. However, the selection of the number of neighbors and feature selection is a daunting task. In this paper, we introduce two methodologies for forecasting time series that we refer to as Classical Parameters Tuning in Weighted Nearest Neighbors and Fast Parameters Tuning in Weighted Nearest Neighbors. The first approach uses classical parameters tuning that compares the most recent subsequence with every possible subsequence from the past of the same length. The second approach reduces the neighbors' search set, which leads to significantly reduced grid size and hence a lower computational time. To tune the models' parameters, both methods implement an approach inspired by cross‐validation for weighted nearest neighbors. We evaluate the forecasting performance and accuracy of our models. Then, we compare them to other approaches, especially, Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average, Holt Winters, and Exponential Smoothing State Space Model. Real data examples on retail and food services sales in the United States and milk production in the United Kingdom are analyzed to demonstrate the application and efficiency of the proposed approaches.
Interpretable corn future price forecasting with multivariate time series
Authors: Wu Binrong , Wang Zhongrui , Wang Lin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEfforts in corn future price forecasting and early warning play a vital role in guiding the high‐quality development of the agricultural economy. However, recent years have witnessed significant fluctuations in global corn future prices due to the impact of COVID‐19 and the escalating risks associated with geopolitical conflicts. Therefore, there is an urgent need for accurate and efficient methods to forecast corn future prices. To address this challenge, a novel and comprehensive framework for explainable corn future price forecasting is designed. This framework takes into account multiple factors contributing to corn price volatility, including supply and demand dynamics, policy adjustments, international market shocks, global geopolitical risks, and investor concerns within the corn market. During the data processing stage, complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) is utilized to thoroughly explore the volatility characteristics of historical corn future prices. Additionally, a convolutional neural network (CNN) is employed to extract essential forecasting information from corn news data. To enhance interpretability, a novel JADE–TFT interpretable corn future price prediction model is proposed. This model combines adaptive differential evolution with optional external archiving (JADE) to intelligently and efficiently optimize the parameters of the temporal fusion transformers (TFTs). Furthermore, in the empirical study, the introduction of a global geopolitical risk coefficient, Baidu indices such as “corn” and “corn price,” and quantized corn news text features is shown to improve the accuracy of corn future price predictions. The proposed corn future price prediction framework contributes to the healthy development of the global grain futures market, thereby fostering the growth and well‐being of enterprises involved in the grain industry.
Salvage skull base surgery after proton beam therapy for recurrent sinonasal malignancies: A retrospective study
Authors: Okada Shinichi , Mukaigawa Takashi , Goto Seiya , Hiiragi Yohei , Sato Fuyuki , Deguchi Shoichi , Ogawa Hirofumi , Onoe Tsuyoshi , Murayama Shigeyuki , Yasunaga Yoshichika , Hayashi Nakamasa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to examine treatment outcomes and postoperative complications associated with salvage skull base surgery following radical proton beam therapy (PBT).MethodsNine patients who underwent salvage skull base surgery following curative PBT as the initial treatment at our institution between September 2002 and May 2023 were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsThe cohort comprised four males and five females with a mean age of 48.1 years. The average proton dose administered during initial therapy was 68.5 Gy (relative biological effectiveness). Among the salvage surgeries, eight were anterior skull base surgeries, and one was an anterior middle skull base surgery. No local recurrences or perioperative deaths were observed. Postoperative complications occurred in three patients (33.3%), all experiencing surgical site infections, with one also having cerebrospinal fluid leakage.ConclusionThe study demonstrates that salvage skull base surgery after PBT effectively achieves local control and safety in patients with recurrent sinonasal malignancies.
Refining the origin of thermal water using stable isotope, hydrochemistry and GIS approaches in Jiaoxi, Taiwan
Authors: Peng Tsung‐Ren , Lee Jun‐Yi , Zhan Wen‐Jun , Liu Tsang‐Sen , Lin Yu‐Wen , Chu Tyan‐Ming , Tung Chi‐Chu , Chiang Hsieh‐Tang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractComprehending the recharge of thermal springs is crucial for preserving the water quality of such springs. However, limited groundwater well data in mountainous areas presents a challenge to determining thermal‐spring recharge areas. This study analyzes the isotopes (δ2H and δ18O) and major ions in rainwater, streamwater, mountain groundwater and thermal spring water in Jiaoxi, located near Taiwan's largest city, Taipei. The results of the isotope‐elevation relationship and GIS recharge analysis indicate that the thermal spring water originated from a remote mountain at elevations of approximately 1170–1480 m, rather than the upstream watershed. The thermal spring water was divided into two groups based on the carbonate saturation index (SI) and isotope composition: the foothill group, which had a positive SI and lower δ value, and the downstream group, which had a negative SI and higher δ value. This study improved the conceptual model of the thermal flow path by demonstrating that the recharge of thermal water is a transboundary regional flow and that the foothill thermal water does not mix with the meteoric water. The revised model also highlights the role of structural lineament trends (faults, fractures and folds) in the movement of regional flow in fractured mountain blocks.
Efficient degradation of methyl orange in wastewater via bio‐electro‐Fenton system: optimization, pathway investigation and process evaluation
Authors: Wang Wen , Wang Qiannan , Peng Yuying , Papadakis Vagelis G. , Goula Maria A. , Li Xiaoyue , Xie Tianze , Yang Ziyi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe efficient and green technology of dye removal has been widely investigated. In this study, a bio‐electro‐Fenton system was used to degrade methyl orange (MO). For the system optimization, five experimental groups were detected, including pH (1–6), iron (Fe2+) concentration (3–15 mmol L−1), airflow rate (0–20 mL min−1), external voltages (0.2–1.0 V) and initial MO concentration (20–100 mg L−1).RESULTSOptimal conditions of pH 3, Fe2+ concentration 9 mmol L−1, air flowrate 12 mL min−1, external voltage of 0.6 V and MO concentration 60 mg L−1 were selected, resulting in a 92% efficiency. For the pathway investigation of MO degradation, under oxidization by ˙OH, demethylation, broken azo bonds and broken benzene ring structure were obtained. Intermediate products were predicted. For the system evaluation, energy consumption of 0.15–0.59 KWh was determined for 1 m3 MO wastewater. The total cost of degrading MO wastewater could decrease to US$470.0 m−3 by adjusting operational time.CONCLUSIONConsidering the Fe2+ regeneration and the low energy consumption, this bio‐electro‐Fenton system can be considered as one of the most environmentally‐friendly approaches for MO degradation; however, quantitative evaluation on sustainability needs to be further discussed via advanced assessment tools (such as life‐cycle assessment). © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
The effect of bisphenol A on antioxidant defense and the structure and function of the liver of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii)
Authors: Khorshidi Naeemeh Salimi , Salati Amir Parviz , Keyvanshokooh Saeed 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe present study was conducted to investigate the biochemical and histological changes of liver tissue in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) exposed to different doses of bisphenol A (BPA). One hundred and eighty pieces of 1‐year‐old A. baerii with an average weight of 200–250 g bought and randomly distributed in 18 tanks (n = 10). After 2 weeks of adaptation, the fish received intraperitoneal injections of 1, 10, and 100 μg/g/week BPA and μg/g/week of 17β‐estradiol intraperitoneally. The solvent control group received only peanut oil, while the control group did not receive any injections. In order to investigate histological changes of the liver, after 2 weeks the liver samples were taken, fixed in 10% formalin solution and slides prepared by routine histological methods. For assaying antioxidant defense status, the liver tissue from three fish of each replicates was captured and after homogenization, activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde measured. The most important histological changes observed in the liver tissue were: vacuolation of hepatocytes, nuclear hypertrophy, necrosis of liver cells, expansion of sinusoids, and accumulation of fat cells. In the highest dose, the intensity of tissue changes increased. Activity of antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde content increased in fish exposed to 100 μg/g/week BPA in compare with other groups (p < .05). According to our findings, it could be concluded that liver histology was affected by BPA and tissue damage had occurred, which had led to changes in blood parameters. Also, the obtained results showed that the high concentrations of BPA used in this study stimulate the antioxidant defense.Research Highlights
BPA evoke oxidative stress in Siberian sturgeons in high dose of exposure.
Severity of liver histologic lesions was dose dependent.
Comparative light and scanning electron microscopic studies of the lenses in the insectivorous bat (Pipistrellus kuhlii) and Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus)
Authors: Aboelnour Asmaa , Gewaily Mahmoud S. , Noreldin Ahmed E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBats have the ability to fly without eye application in the darkness. In this study, we aimed to characterize the functional and structural acclimations of the lenses of two common bats with a various lifestyle in the Egyptian environment: the insectivorous bat (IB) (Pipistrellus kuhlii) and Egyptian fruit bat (FB) (Rousettus aegyptiacus). From each species, seven lenses were extracted from adult eyes. The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) and light microscopic examination of the lens were carried out. FB lenses were made up primarily of fiber cells and sheets, which were encapsulated by a thin collagenous capsule and covered by single epithelial layer anteriorly. On the other hand, the IB lens had two poles and was visibly oval shaped. Both lenses had epithelial cells of the same cuboidal form that were subjected to continuous division and differentiation into new fiber cells at the center. SEM revealed that the normal FB lens had regularly organized shells of fiber cells of intact lens fibers which were connected by membrane interdigitations with different shapes mainly ball‐and‐socket junctions through the superficial cortical fiber cells. The IB lens was composed of parallel, evenly spaced fibers with various types of interdigitations between fibers that can be seen and increased close to the middle region revealing tiny bumps along the scrubby portions and sockets and balls in the center of the wide portions. Near the center of both lenses, there were large interlocking paddles with little and lengthy protrusions along their short sides. In conclusion, our study discovered several ultrastructural and structural variations among the investigated species. The detection of specialized membrane interdigitations with different shapes protruding from the lens fiber sheets is considered the most characteristic of the FB lens.Research Highlights
FB lens has more organized sheets of fibers parallel to each other than IB lens.
Different shapes of interdigitations protruded from the FB lens have been detected.
Interlocking paddles, balls, and sockets with tongue‐like fiber flabs are characteristic to FB lens.
Head and Neck Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Therapeutic Benefit of Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Nodal Disease
Authors: Harley Randall J. , Lyden Megan , Aribindi Seetha , Socolovsky Leandro , Harley Earl H. 
Published: February 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate the therapeutic effect of post‐operative radiotherapy (PORT) with respect to nodal status among patients with head and neck Merkel cell carcinoma (HNMCC).MethodsIn this retrospective study, we queried Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) dataset from 2000 through 2019. We included all adult patients who received primary surgical resection for histologically confirmed treatment naive HNMCC. Entropy balancing was used to reweight observations such that there was covariate balance between patients who received PORT and patients who received surgical resection alone. Doubly robust estimation was achieved by incorporating weights into a multivariable cox proportional hazards model. Planned post hoc subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of PORT by pathological node status.ResultsAmong 752 patients (mean age, 73.3 years [SD 10.8]; 64.2% male; 91.2% White; 41.9% node‐positive), 60.4% received PORT. Among node‐positive patients, we found that PORT was associated with improved overall survival (OS) (aHR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.37–0.81; p = 0.003) and improved disease‐specific survival (DSS) (aHR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.35–0.92; p = 0.022). Among node‐negative patients, we found that PORT was not associated with OS and was associated with worse DSS (aHR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.30–4.23; p = 0.005).ConclusionsWe found that PORT was associated with improved OS and DSS for node‐positive patients and worse DSS for node‐negative patients. For HNMCC treated with primary surgical resection, these data confirm the value of PORT for pathologically node‐positive patients and support the use of single modality surgical therapy for pathologically node‐negative patients without other adverse risk factors.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:3587–3594, 2024
Decrease in Rates of Hearing Loss From Pediatric Bacterial Meningitis Over Time: A Database Review
Authors: Gitomer Sarah Ann , Boguniewicz Juri , Tong Suhong , Gottman Drew C. , Hirsch Scott , Herrmann Brian William 
Published: February 2024

ObjectivesBacterial meningitis is a leading cause of acquired sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Treatment and prevention of bacterial meningitis have improved over time, but rates of neurologic complications have not been recently studied. The objective here is to present an updated population‐based review of hearing loss as a sequela of bacterial meningitis.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2010 and 2022 of children discharged with bacterial meningitis, using the Pediatric Health Information System's (PHIS) database. Rates of hearing loss and mortality were evaluated over time.ResultsA total of 6138 children with a primary diagnosis of bacterial meningitis were identified (3520 male [57.3%], mean age 5.8 months [2.0, 61.2]). Of these, 277 (4.51%) were diagnosed with hearing loss. Children with hearing loss were significantly older (23.6 vs. 5.3 months, p < 0.01), but differences in gender, race, or ethnicity had no association with hearing loss. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Hemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningiditis were associated with significantly higher rates of hearing loss than other etiologies (p < 0.01). Children with hearing loss had a higher rate of receiving dexamethasone than children without hearing loss. Overall mortality rate was 2.1%. Hearing loss and mortality demonstrated significant decreases over the study period.ConclusionHearing loss remains a common sequela of bacterial meningitis despite widespread uptake of vaccines for preventing S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and N. meningitidis. Dexamethasone was not associated with decreased rates of hearing loss in this cohort. From 2010 to 2022, there was a significant decrease in overall rates of mortality and hearing loss for children with bacterial meningitis.Level of Evidence3: retrospective case–control series Laryngoscope, 134:3820–3825, 2024