bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges for Workspace Analysis of Manipulators
Authors: Ceccarelli Marco 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A survey of the analysis of the workspace of manipulators is presented with the aim of outlining fundamental characteristics still of current interest and source of research, also referring to the direct experiences of the author. The topic, which began with the advent of industrial robotics in the early 1970s, received a period of great attention both at practical and research levels in the following two decades in order to determine analysis procedures for design algorithms for robotic manipulators with serial kinematic architecture. In the last two decades, interest diminished, although research activities have made the manipulator workspace useful for functional characterization and design of parallel manipulators with problems and open issues.
Flutter assessment of a rotor blade in hover based on indicial aerodynamics considering blade aerofoil, rotor inflow and wake periodicity
Authors: Arnold J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe experimental 7AD rotor blade is assessed for flutter stability in hover to identify the influence of aerodynamic contributions related to blade aerofoil, rotor inflow and wake periodicity on flutter onset. For the aeroelastic analyses, the multibody model is tightly coupled with an unsteady aerodynamic model based on Wagner’s function and related enhancements for the general motion of an aerofoil section considering heave and pitch. The mathematical setup of the approximated Wagner function in state space is extended for axial flow to include unsteady effects related to rotor inflow and wake periodicity. Since the aerodynamic model is based on indicial response functions, a separation of these contributions is possible and allows for the study of their impact on rotor blade flutter. The according flutter results are extracted in terms of frequency and damping behaviour for three test cases that differ in the unsteady aerodynamic model for circulation comprising blade aerofoil, rotor inflow and wake periodicity. As known for articulated rotor blades, also the 7AD blade exhibits a classical bending-torsion coupling. The lowest flutter onset is found for unsteady aerodynamics limited to blade aerofoil, whilst the cases with added rotor inflow and wake periodicity show both the same flutter onset at a 5% larger rotor speed. Here, the influence of rotor inflow plays the major role, since it increases the torsion damping within the critical flutter coupling. Added wake periodicity neither changes frequency nor damping and, hence, does not affect the aeroelastic coupling.
Doubling constructions and tensor product L-functions: coverings of the symplectic group
Authors: Kaplan Eyal 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this work, we develop an integral representation for the partial L-function of a pair
$\pi \times \tau $
of genuine irreducible cuspidal automorphic representations,
$\pi $
of the m-fold covering of Matsumoto of the symplectic group
$\operatorname {\mathrm {Sp}}_{2n}$
and
$\tau $
of a certain covering group of
$\operatorname {\mathrm {GL}}_k$
, with arbitrary m, n and k. Our construction is based on the recent extension by Cai, Friedberg, Ginzburg and the author, of the classical doubling method of Piatetski-Shapiro and Rallis, from rank-
$1$
twists to arbitrary rank twists. We prove a basic global identity for the integral and compute the local integrals with unramified data. Our global results are subject to certain conjectures, but when
$k=1$
they are unconditional for all m. One possible future application of this work will be a Shimura-type lift of representations from covering groups to general linear groups. In a recent work, we used the present results in order to provide an analytic definition of local factors for representations of the m-fold covering of
$\operatorname {\mathrm {Sp}}_{2n}$
.
Infinite flags and Schubert polynomials
Authors: Anderson David 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe study Schubert polynomials using geometry of infinite-dimensional flag varieties and degeneracy loci. Applications include Graham-positivity of coefficients appearing in equivariant coproduct formulas and expansions of back-stable and enriched Schubert polynomials. We also construct an embedding of the type C flag variety and study the corresponding pullback map on (equivariant) cohomology rings.
THE DENSE REGION IN SCATTERING DIAGRAMS
Authors: GRÄFNITZ TIM , LUO PATRICK 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We use deformations and mutations of scattering diagrams to show that a scattering diagram with initial functions

$f_1=(1+tx)^\mu $

and

$f_2=(1+ty)^\nu $

has a dense region. This answers a question asked by Gross and Pandharipande [‘Quivers, curves, and the tropical vertex’, Port. Math.67(2) (2010), 211–259] which had been proved only for the case

$\mu =\nu $

.
First record of the sea anemone Actinia equina (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) on the Mid-Atlantic coast of the United States
Authors: Boonman Diederik , Wilding Craig Stephen , Carlton James T. , Adolf Jason E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Members of the genus Actinia are familiar members of rocky shore communities across much of the world. However, to date, no Actinia species have been reported from the North American continent. Here, we report Actinia from an approximately 22 km length of the New Jersey, US shoreline, where it was first discovered in 2021. Morphology and DNA barcoding data (mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I and nuclear internal transcribed spacer) indicate that these populations are Actinia equina. The presence of these populations close to major ports in New Jersey, New York, and Philadelphia suggests a probable introduction from shipping activities.
The role of training and exposure to print for the mastery of connectives in French
Authors: Tskhovrebova Ekaterina , Wetzel Mathis , Gygax Pascal , Zufferey Sandrine 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A good knowledge of connectives like moreover and therefore is crucial for reading comprehension and academic success, yet not all connectives, especially infrequent connectives mostly used in writing, are well mastered even by adults. The main goal of this paper is to assess the possibility to improve the ability to use connectives in discourse during the transitional teenage years. To do so, we examined whether 228 native French-speaking teenagers and 60 adults improved their performance with eight infrequent (prototypical and non-prototypical) connectives in a sentence-completion task after active or passive training. The results revealed that training had only a limited effect on the ability to use both types of connectives, while the degree of exposure to print was an important predictor of individual variations. These findings suggest that connectives’ mastery depends more on exposure to extensive written input that allows to internalize their procedural meaning over time rather than on one-time explicit activation of the mapping between their form and function.
Phonetic reduction in native and non-native English speech: Assessing the intelligibility for L2 listeners
Authors: Verbeke Gil , Mitterer Holger , Simon Ellen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study examines to what extent phonetic reduction in different accents affects intelligibility for non-native (L2) listeners, and whether similar reduction processes in listeners’ first language (L1) facilitate the recognition and processing of reduced word forms in the target language. In two experiments, 80 Dutch-speaking and 80 Spanish-speaking learners of English were presented with unreduced and reduced pronunciation variants in native and non-native English speech. Results showed that unreduced words are recognized more accurately and more quickly than reduced words, regardless of whether these variants occur in non-regionally, regionally or non-native accented speech. No differential effect of phonetic reduction on intelligibility and spoken word recognition was observed between Dutch-speaking and Spanish-speaking participants, despite the absence of strong vowel reduction in Spanish. These findings suggest that similar speech processes in listeners’ L1 and L2 do not invariably lead to an intelligibility benefit or a cross-linguistic facilitation effect in lexical access.
Elevated Atmospheric Sulfur Deposition Affects Predominant Forms of Sulfur in Ombrotrophic Peatlands
Authors: Wang Hongyan , Yu Zhi‐Guo , Broder Tanja , Göttlicher Jörg , Steininger Ralph , Wagner Sindy , Biester Harald , Knorr Klaus‐Holger 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLong‐term transformations of sulfur from atmospheric deposition in ombrotrophic peatlands have rarely been studied, although the potential impact on carbon mineralization and particularly methane formation is acknowledged. To elucidate the long‐term fate of sulfur in peat, we therefore applied sulfur K‐edge X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy to investigate peatlands with either natural or anthropogenic atmospheric sulfur deposition. A peatland in central Europe (Germany, BBM) experienced high sulfur deposition during the Industrial Revolution, and an oceanic peatland (Chilean Patagonia, PBr) continuously exposed to aerosols from sea spray, were investigated. During early phases of site BBM, when sulfur deposition was constantly low, wet‐chemical extractions indicated that 98% ± 0.7% of sulfur was present as organic sulfur. The S K‐edge XANES fitting suggested that sulfur redox transformations mainly occurred near the water table, at which reduced sulfur forms (primarily organic sulfides, and thiols) increased from ∼40% to and stabilized at 65% ± 4% in anoxic peat. An increased contribution of reduced sulfur forms was observed in the polluted section of BBM and entire peat profile of PBr. While increases in reduced inorganic sulfur (TRIS) likely depended on available Fe, rises in the ratio of reduced organic sulfur to total organic sulfur from both sites were pronounced. This increase in reduced organic sulfur forms likely resulted from abiotic sulphurization of organic carbon after sulfate reduction. Our study highlights the long‐term fate of elevated sulfur in ombrotrophic peatlands, being mainly transformed into reduced organic sulfur.
Gestational autoantibody exposure impacts early brain development in a rat model of MAR autism
Authors: McLellan Janna , Iosif Ana-Maria , Cichewicz Karol , Canales Cesar , Rahbarian Darlene , Corea Melissa , Bauman Melissa , Nord Alex S. , Van de Water Judy 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Maternal autoantibody-related autism (MARA) is a subtype of autism characterized by the maternal production of specific patterns of autoantibodies during pregnancy, which significantly increases the likelihood of an autism diagnosis in their children. Multiple patterns of MARA autoantibodies (MARA-ABS) have been identified, and differences in the severity of the autism phenotype associated with each autoantibody pattern have been described. In this study, we utilized preclinical rat models to further elucidate the differential effects of MARA-AB exposure based on the known clinical patterns, including the originally reported pattern of lactate dehydrogenase A and B (LDHA/B) + collapsin response mediator protein 1 (CRMP1) + stress-induced phosphoprotein 1 (STIP1), as well as the more recently described patterns of CRMP1+CRMP2, CRMP1 + guanine deaminase (GDA), and STIP1+ neuron-specific enolase (NSE). We induced endogenous MARA-AB production in rat dams before pregnancy to expose offspring to the ABs throughout gestation. We found that in postnatal day 2 offspring exposed to MARA-ABS, the levels of brain and serum cytokines/chemokines/growth factors were altered based on the pattern of MARA-AB exposure. Further, bulk transcriptomic profiles of coronal sections containing hippocampal formation and the adjacent cortical and subcortical structures suggested changes in cellular proliferation and differentiation following MARA exposure. These combined observations demonstrate that gestational exposure to MARA-ABS alters early gene expression and immune signaling molecules, both of which may contribute to the altered neurodevelopment and behaviors associated with MARA.
Tri-specific tribodies targeting 5T4, CD3, and immune checkpoint drive stronger functional T-cell responses than combinations of antibody therapeutics
Authors: Passariello Margherita , Manna Lorenzo , Rapuano Lembo Rosa , Yoshioka Asami , Inoue Toshikazu , Kajiwara Kentaro , Hashimoto Shu‑ichi , Nakamura Koji , De Lorenzo Claudia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
One of the most promising cancer immunotherapies is based on bi-specific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) that simultaneously bind with one arm to a tumor-associated antigen on tumor cells and with the other one to CD3 complex on T cells to form a TCR-MHC independent immune synapse. We previously generated four novel tri-specific tribodies made up of a Fab targeting 5T4, an oncofetal tumor antigen expressed on several types of tumors, a scFv targeting CD3 on T cells, and an additional scFv specific for an immune checkpoint (IC), such as PD-1, PD-L1 or LAG-3. To verify their advantages over the combinations of BiTEs (CD3/TAA) with IC inhibitors, recently used to overcome tumor immunosuppressive environment, here we tested their functional properties in comparison with clinically validated mAbs targeting the same ICs, used alone or in combination with a control bi-specific devoid of immunomodulatory scFvs, called 53 P. We found that the novel tri-specific tribodies activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells more efficiently than clinically validated mAbs (atezolizumab, pembrolizumab, and relatlimab) either used alone or in combination with 53 P, leading to a stronger tumor cytotoxicity and cytokines release. In particular, 53L10 tribody targeting PD-L1 displayed much more potent effects than the combination of 53 P with all the clinically validated mAbs and led to complete tumor regression in vivo, showing much higher efficacy than the combination of 53 P and atezolizumab. We shed light on the molecular basis of this potentiated anti-tumor activity by evidencing that the insertion of the anti-PD-L1 moiety in 53L10 led not only to stronger binding of the tri-specific to tumor cells but also efficiently blocked the effects of increased PD-L1 on tumor cells, induced by IFNγ secretion also due to T-cell activation. These results are important also for the design of novel T-cell engagers targeting other tumor antigens.
Phospho-tau serine-262 and serine-356 as biomarkers of pre-tangle soluble tau assemblies in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Islam Tohidul , Hill Emily , Abrahamson Eric E. , Servaes Stijn , Smirnov Denis S. , Zeng Xuemei , Sehrawat Anuradha , Chen Yijun , Kac Przemysław R. , Kvartsberg Hlin , Olsson Maria , Sjons Emma , Gonzalez-Ortiz Fernando , Therriault Joseph , Tissot Cécile , Del Popolo Ivana , Rahmouni Nesrine , Richardson Abbie , Mitchell Victoria , Zetterberg Henrik , Pascoal Tharick A. , Lashley Tammaryn , Wall Mark J. , Galasko Douglas , Rosa-Neto Pedro , Ikonomovic Milos D. , Blennow Kaj , Karikari Thomas K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with little or no quantifiable insoluble brain tau neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) pathology demonstrate stronger clinical benefits of therapies than those with advanced NFTs. The formation of NFTs can be prevented by targeting the intermediate soluble tau assemblies (STAs). However, biochemical understanding and biomarkers of STAs are lacking. We show that Tris-buffered saline-soluble tau aggregates from autopsy-verified AD brain tissues include the core sequence ~tau258–368. In neuropathological assessments, antibodies against the phosphorylation sites serine-262 and serine-356 within the STA core almost exclusively stained granular (that is, prefibrillar) tau aggregates in pre-NFTs while antibodies against phosphorylation at serine-202 and threonine-205 and threonine-231, outside the STA core, stained the entire spectrum of tau aggregates in pre-NFTs and mature NFTs, dystrophic neurites and neuropil threads in the hippocampus. Functionally, a recombinantly produced STA core peptide robustly altered neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission in mouse hippocampal brain slices. Furthermore, we developed a cerebrospinal fluid assay that differentiated STAs in AD from non-AD tauopathies, correlated with the severity of NFT burden and cognitive decline independently of amyloid beta deposition, and with tau positron emission tomography uptake across Braak NFT stages. Together, our findings inform about the status of early-stage tau aggregation, reveal aggregation-relevant phosphorylation epitopes in tau and offer a diagnostic biomarker and targeted therapeutic opportunities for AD.
Asymmetric multi-band reflective metasurface for linear and circular polarizations conversion in Ku, K, Ka, and U bands
Authors: Zafar Jamal , Khan Humayun Zubair , Jabbar Abdul , Kazim Jalil ur Rehman , Rehman Masood Ur , Siddiqui Adil Masood , Abbasi Qammer H. , Imran Muhammad Ali 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This work proposes a novel multi-band reflective metasurface, that is capable of linear polarization (LP), and circular polarization (CP) conversion in Ku, K, Ka, and U Bands. The metasurface design involves a combination of ring and square elements strategically arranged, and printed on a 0.76 mm thin-grounded Rogers RO3003 substrate. The metasurface achieves LP for y-polarized incident electromagnetic (EM) wave in 16.2–17.2 GHz, 23.0–25.4 GHz, 40.3–54.35 GHz frequency bands. The polarization conversion ratio (PCR) for LP frequency ranges is minimum 90% with an fractional bandwidth (FB) of 2.94%, 9.91%, and 26.9%, respectively. Moreover, metasurface achieves CP for y-polarized incident EM wave in 16.1–16.55 GHz, 17.5–22.15 GHz, 26.65–37.75 GHz, and 55.6–59.8 GHz frequency bands. In addition, the axial ratio (AR) for CP frequency ranges is less than 3 dB with a FB of 2.75%, 23.45%, 34.47%, and 7.27%. The device performance is considerably stable under oblique incidences up to 45 degrees. The metasurface unitcell is compact with a structural size of
$$\text {length}=0.23\lambda _\circ$$
,
$$\text {width}=0.23\lambda _\circ$$
and
$$\text {thickness}=0.08\lambda _\circ$$
. The proposed prototype is fabricated, and the measured results are in good agreement with the simulated one. Overall, the proposed metasurface exhibits promising performance characteristics and holds potential for multiple applications in satellite based networks.
Development of a wireless electroretinogram recording system
Authors: Man Tony T. C. , Yip Yolanda W. Y. , Pang Chi Pui , Brelén Mårten Erik 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A novel device consisting of amplifiers, an analogue-digital converter, offset correction units, and a microcontroller with Bluetooth wireless functionality was fabricated. Electroretinography (ERG) recordings were captured in dark-adapted and light-adapted full-field flash stimulations in an anaesthetised animal model using the novel wireless system. Recordings were repeated using a standard ERG recording setup of the Espion E3 system for comparison. The electroretinogram signal a-wave and b-wave amplitudes, peak times, signal offset, potential drift, and power line noise were compared between the recording setups. Signals from the novel system were found to have similar waveforms to those recorded from the standard ERG setup. There were no significant differences in the a-wave amplitudes (P > 0.43), a-wave peak times (P > 0.61) and b-wave peak times (P > 0.55). The offset potential drift when using the novel system was significantly smaller than the reference system (P < 0.02). The novel system also showed stronger resilience against powerline noise interference, as evidenced by a statistically significant performance increase during recordings with substantial noise interference (P < 0.01). The on-source signal processing and wireless transmission can improve the quality of recorded ERG signals. Our study demonstrates a proof of concept for performing wireless ERG recordings, which enhance the performance by reducing noise and potential drift in the recorded signals.
Spin-dependent thermoelectric properties of a hybrid ferromagnetic metal/quantum dot/topological insulator junction
Authors: Trocha Piotr 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The thermoelectric properties of hybrid system based on a single-level quantum dot coupled to a ferromagnetic metallic lead and attached to the surface states of a three-dimensional topological insulator are theoretically investigated. On the surface of a three-dimensional topological insulator, massless helical Dirac fermions emerge. We calculate the thermoelectric coefficients, including electrical conductance, Seebeck coefficient (thermopower), heat conductance, and the figure of merit, using the nonequilibrium Green’s function technique. The results are analyzed in terms of the emergence of new effects. The calculations are performed within the Hubbard I approximation concerning the dot’s Coulomb interactions. Additionally, the spin-dependent coupling of the quantum dot to the ferromagnetic lead lifts the spin degeneracy of the dot’s level, which influences the transport properties of the system. We incorporate this effect perturbatively to obtain the spin-dependent renormalization of the dot’s level. We also consider the case of finite spin accumulation in the ferromagnetic electrode, which leads to spin thermoelectric effects.
Niacinamide and its impact on stratum corneum hydration and structure
Authors: Sjöberg Thomas , Fsahaye Andebrhan , Nilsson Emelie J. , Letasiova Silvia , Namro Itedale , Visdal-Johnsen Lene , Hrapovic Nina , Smiljanic Sandra , Österlund Christina , Engblom Johan , Björklund Sebastian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Niacinamide (NIA) is widely used in skincare for its favorable safety profile, anti-aging effects, and proven clinical efficacy in treating various skin conditions. However, its direct impact on the hydration and molecular organization of the stratum corneum (SC), the primary skin barrier, remains unclear. This study examines how NIA influences the SC’s lipid matrix organization, soft keratin structure, and water sorption behavior across varying relative humidity (RH) levels. Using small- and wide-angle X-ray diffraction and dynamic vapor sorption measurements, we compared NIA-treated SC samples to untreated controls under different RHs. The main findings show that while NIA is non-hygroscopic, it enhances water uptake of the SC at high humidity (95% RH). At low humidity (60% RH), NIA swells the keratin monomer spacing, although the SC water content remains low, suggesting a plasticizing effect that could increase SC flexibility in dry conditions. NIA also modifies the diffraction intensities from the lipid matrix differently at 60% and 95% RH, implying that it interacts with the SC lipid matrix and influences the water distribution within the SC lipid and protein domains. These effects appear independent of the investigated dose regime, indicating a specific concentration threshold. Overall, NIA shows distinct interaction with keratin, swelling the spacing between keratin monomers in dry conditions, without acting as a traditional keratolytic agent.