bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Haemorheological disturbances in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients – influence of antihypertensive therapy
Authors: Kearney‐Schwartz Anna , Virion Jean‐Marc , Stoltz Jean‐François , Drouin Pierre , Zannad Faiez 
Published: July 2007

AbstractHaemorheological changes have been described in hypertension as well as in diabetes mellitus. Antihypertensive treatment improves rheology in hypertensive patients. The aim of this study was to describe the haemorheological profile and its impact on shear stress in hypertensive type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (HT + DM) and to investigate the effect of antihypertensive therapy on blood rheology using a double‐blind randomized protocol, comparing the calcium antagonist amlodipine with the angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor enalapril. A total of 144 patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes (64 of transversal study and 80 of randomized clinical trial) were compared with 92 controls belonging to a transversal study. Secondarily, in a separate analysis, therapeutic effects of calcium antagonist amlodipine and ACE inhibitor enalapril were compared in a longitudinal, randomized trial in the patients. We assessed whole‐blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, partial and total disaggregation times, haematocrit and fibrinogen. Radial artery systolic flow velocity was measured by pulsed Doppler. Shear stress was calculated as the product of flow velocity × whole‐blood viscosity. Compared with controls, patients had significantly higher whole‐blood viscosity for all shear rates (P < 0.001) as well as higher arterial diameter and systolic blood flow velocity (2.8 ± 0.3 vs. 2.6 ± 0.3 mm,P < 0.001; and 50.8 ± 11.6 vs. 45.6 ± 9.8 cm/s,P = 0.01, respectively). Whole‐blood viscosity at shear rateγ = 128/s tended to increase with amlodipine (+1.13%) and decrease with enalapril (−2.47%) (P = 0.028 for inter‐group difference). In hypertensive diabetic patients, hyperviscosity contributes to increased shear stress. Haemorheological disturbances in these patients are not significantly influenced by blood pressure lowering with antihypertensive therapy by ACE inhibitor enalapril or calcium antagonist amlodipine. Other factors potentially contributing to rheology and arterial changes may be more critical in HT + DM patients and need further investigation.
Increased risk for major depression associated with the short allele of the serotonin transporter promoter region (5‐HTTLPR‐S) and the CYP2C9*3 allele
Authors: Dorado P. , Peñas‐LLedó E.M. , González A.P. , Cáceres M.C. , Cobaleda J. , LLerena A. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn the present study, we aimed to analyze the potential relevance of the polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter (SERT or 5‐HTT) gene (5‐HTTLPR) and the risk of suffering major depression (MDD) in a population of patients previously genotyped for CYP2C9. Seventy white European psychiatric outpatients suffering from MDD and a group of 142 healthy volunteers (HVs) were studied. The frequency of subjects carrying the 5‐HTTLPR‐S allele was higher (P < 0.05) among MDD than in HV. The odds ratio associated with 5‐HTTLPR‐S allele was 2.03 for the MDD patients in comparison with the HV group. Previously, we found in this population that the CYP2C9*3 allele frequency was higher among this population of MDD patients than in HV. The frequency of subjects with the combination 5‐HTTLPR‐S and CYP2C9*3 alleles was higher (P < 0.01, odds ratio 3.47) in MDD than in HV. The present findings provide preliminary evidence about the greater risk of suffering MDD for individuals carrying both 5‐HTTLPR‐S and CYP2C9*3 alleles.
Tacrolimus pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics: influence of adenosine triphosphate‐binding cassette B1 (ABCB1) and cytochrome (CYP) 3A polymorphisms
Authors: Op den Buijsch Robert A.M. , Christiaans Maarten H.L. , Stolk Leo M.L. , De Vries Johan E. , Cheung Chi Yuen , Undre Nas A. , Van Hooff Johannes P. , Van Dieijen‐Visser Marja P. , Bekers Otto 
Published: July 2007

AbstractTacrolimus, an immunosuppressant used after organ transplantation, has a narrow therapeutic range and its pharmacokinetic variability complicates its daily dose assessment. P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), encoded by the adenosine triphosphate‐binding cassette B1 (ABCB1) and the cytochrome (CYP) 3A4 and 3A5 enzymes appears to play a role in the tacrolimus metabolism. In the present study, two different renal transplant recipient groups were used to examine the influence of ABCB1 and CYP3A polymorphisms on the daily tacrolimus dose and several pharmacokinetic parameters. In total 63 Caucasian renal transplant recipients divided into 26 early [median (range) of the days since transplantation – 16 (3–74)] and 37 late [median (range) of the days since transplantation – 1465 (453–4128)] post‐transplant recipients were genotyped for ABCB1 and CYP3A polymorphisms. The pharmacokinetic parameters of tacrolimus were determined for all renal transplant recipients and correlated with their corresponding genotypes. A significant difference in allele frequencies of the CYP3A4*1B (P = 0.028) and CYP3A5*1 (P = 0.022) alleles was observed between the early and late post‐transplant recipient groups. Significantly higher dose‐normalized trough levels (dnC0), dose‐normalized area under the curve (dnAUC0−12), and dose‐normalized maximum concentration (dnCmax) were observed for carriers of the CYP3A5*3 variant allele in both renal transplant patient groups. Except for the daily tacrolimus dose (P = 0.025) no significant differences were observed for carriers of the CYP3A4*1B variant allele. Neither the individual ABCB1 polymorphisms nor the ABCB1 haplotypes were associated with any pharmacokinetic parameter. We noticed that patients carrying a CYP3A5*1 allele require a twofold higher tacrolimus dose compared with homozygous carriers of the CYP3A5*3 variant allele to maintain the target dnAUC0−12. Therefore, genotyping for the CYP3A5*3 variant allele can contribute to a better and more individualized immunosuppressive therapy in transplant patients.
Remodeling chromatin for senescence
Authors: Adams Peter D. 
Published: July 2007

SummaryCellular senescence is an irreversible proliferation arrest that contributes to tumor suppression and, perhaps, tissue aging. Senescence is frequently accompanied by an increase in nuclear heterochromatin, which is thought to promote proliferation arrest. In this issue, Medrano and co‐workers describe new insights into the protein complexes that regulate these changes in chromatin structure.
Research on mitochondria and aging, 2006–2007
Authors: Lambert Adrian J. , Brand Martin D. 
Published: July 2007

SummaryThis review focuses on some of the ‘hot topics’ that fall under the general heading ‘mitochondria and aging’. For each selected topic, we highlight recent publications that have either addressed specific problems within the field or presented novel findings of interest regarding the links between mitochondria and aging. These include studies on the structure of complex I and the mechanisms of superoxide production by this complex; work showing a novel site of hydrogen peroxide production within mitochondria that is modulated by caloric restriction; explorations of the relationship between the rate of evolution of mitochondrial DNA and lifespan; a demonstration that mitochondrial DNA mutations do not limit lifespan in mice; and investigations of the effects of mitochondrial fission on aging. We also list other relevant articles of interest and suggest some key challenges for the field in the near future.
Parental Beliefs and Children's Receipt of Preventive Care: Another Piece of the Puzzle?
Authors: Hughes Suzanne C. , Wingard Deborah L. 
Published: July 2007

Objective. To examine whether parental beliefs about routine checkups are associated with children's receipt of timely preventive care.Data Sources. The 2001 United Way Outcomes and Community Impact Program telephone survey of San Diego County, including 918 households with children between 3 and 19 years of age, where the respondent was the parent.Study Design. Cross‐sectional analyses examined the relationship between parental beliefs and children's receipt of routine checkups in the past year, using the expanded behavioral model of health services utilization.Results. Approximately 81 percent of children received routine visits as recommended during the prior year. Parents' beliefs about the timing of routine checkups were strongly associated with their children's receipt of recommended routine care, after controlling for important covariates (odds ratio=2.85, 95 percent confidence interval=1.7–4.8). Other significant factors included the parent's educational level, whether the child had a regular source of care, and whether the child was sick in the past year.Conclusions. Multiple factors, including parental beliefs, influence whether children receive recommended routine care. Understanding the role of these factors may help explain why even insured children do not receive preventive health care as recommended, and can be used to target children most likely to lack regular preventive care.
Accounting Standards, Implementation Guidance, and Example‐Based Reasoning
Authors: CLOR‐PROELL SHANA , NELSON MARK W. 
Published: July 2007

ABSTRACTThis paper examines interpretation of accounting standards that provide implementation guidance via affirmative or counter examples. Based on prior psychology research, we predict that practitioners engage in “example‐based reasoning” such that they are more likely to conclude that their case qualifies for the same treatment as the example. We test our predictions in two experiments in which participants judge the appropriateness of income‐statement recognition. Experiment 1 uses Masters of Business Administration (MBA) students and varies example type (affirmative, counter) and case (revenue recognition, expense recognition) in a 2 × 2 design. Experiment 1 supports our predictions. Experiment 2 uses more experienced practitioners, and varies example type (affirmative, counter, both) in a 1 × 3 design. Experiment 2 supports the use of example‐based reasoning, and indicates that practitioners in the “both” condition respond as if they had only received an affirmative example. These results have implications for understanding how guidance that accompanies accounting standards can result in aggressive or conservative application of standards.
Knowledge Attitudes and Practice toward Epilepsy among Adults in BaVi, Vietnam: First Report from the Population‐Based EPIBAVI Study
Authors: Tuan Nguyen Anh , Cuong Le Quang , Allebeck Peter , Chuc Nguyen Thi Kim , Tomson Torbjorn 
Published: July 2007

Summary:  Purpose: We conducted a survey to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward epilepsy in a population‐based study in a rural district of Vietnam. Methods: We utilized an established knowledge‐attitudes‐practice questionnaire. This was applied by trained surveyors in face‐to‐face interviews of 2005 randomly selected adult residents (19–71 years of age) of the BaVi district, 60 km west of Hanoi. Results: Of the respondents, 67.0% had heard about epilepsy, 52.1% had known someone with seizures, and 49.3% had witnessed seizures. In total, 36.3% would object to their children playing with someone with seizures and 82.0% to their children marrying someone with epilepsy. Only 32.6% thought that epilepsy patients should be employed in a job as other people, while 10% thought that epilepsy was a form of insanity. Familiarity with epilepsy, having heard of epilepsy, known someone with epilepsy, or having seen seizures was associated with less negative attitudes. About half of the respondents (50.4%) thought epilepsy was caused by a brain disease and 80.1% would suggest consultation of a medical doctor for epilepsy. Conclusions: Knowledge of epilepsy among Vietnamese people is still limited compared to some Western countries and the attitudes more negative. Our findings indicated more negative attitudes than in another recent survey from Vietnam. This may be due to differences in sociodemographic characteristics and educational level of the study populations. The discrepancies demonstrate the importance of selection of study population and the need for caution in generalizing from results of surveys.
Clinical Evaluation of Ganaxolone in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients with Refractory Epilepsy
Authors: Pieribone Vincent A. , Tsai Julia , Soufflet Christine , Rey Elisabeth , Shaw Ken , Giller Earl , Dulac Olivier 
Published: July 2007

Summary: Purpose:A pilot study of the safety, tolerability, dose range and potential efficacy of ganaxolone for the treatment of refractory epilepsy in pediatric and adolescent subjects.Methods:We report the results of a nonrandomized, nonblinded, open‐label, dose‐escalation trial of ganaxolone in pediatric subjects (5–15 years) suffering from refractory epilepsy. Subjects received an oral suspension of ganaxolone in a 1:1 complex with β‐cyclodextrin in a dose escalation (1 mg/kg, b.i.d. to 12 mg/kg t.i.d.) schedule over 16 days. This was followed by a maintenance period for 8 weeks. Subjects that showed significant response were eligible for a compassionate use extension period.Results:Fifteen subjects enrolled, eight completed the trial and three continued in the open‐label compassionate‐use extension period. All subject exhibited refractory partial or generalized epilepsy. In an intent‐to‐treat analysis, four (25%) were considered substantial responders (≥50% reduction in seizure frequency), two (13%) were considered moderate responders (between 25 and 50% reduction in seizure frequency) and the remainder were considered nonresponders (<24% reduction). Three subjects entered the extension phase, one remained essentially seizure‐free for over 3.5 years of ganaxolone administration. Ganaxolone was tolerated well. A total of 17 adverse events were reported in 10 patients, all were considered mild to moderate in severity. Somnolence was the most frequently (nine) reported adverse event.Conclusions:This pilot study is consistent with other clinical studies indicating that ganaxolone has anticonvulsant activity in humans. The results of this study encourage the further study of ganaxolone as an antiepileptic therapy.
Early‐mid treatment C‐reactive protein level is a prognostic factor in aggressive non‐Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Authors: Herishanu Yair , Perry Chava , Braunstein Rony , Metser Ur , Goor Odelia , Rogowski Ori , Berliner Shlomo , Polliack Aaron , Naparstek Elizabeth 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBackground:  In the light of an emerging role for early‐mid treatment 18 F‐deoxyfluoroglucose positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) as an important prognostic indicator in aggressive non‐Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) , we attempted to determine whether a simple parameter, such as the early‐mid treatment CRP (C‐reactive protein) level, could also be utilized as a significant prognostic factor in aggressive NHL.Patients and methods:  Serum CRP levels were monitored in 55 patients with aggressive NHL. The lowest value of the early mid‐term CRP levels recorded was compared with the interim PET‐CT results, as well as with the clinical course and eventual outcome.Results:  During chemotherapy, the lowest value of early‐mid treatment CRP levels significantly predicted the results of the interim FDG‐PET (P = 0.04 with an odds ratio of 1.13). Patients who did not achieve an early‐mid treatment CRP level of <5 mg/L, had a shorter time to disease progression or relapse (P = 0.001) as well as a reduced overall survival (OS) (P = 0.016).Conclusions:  The early‐mid treatment serum CRP level is a prognostic factor in aggressive NHL. Patients who do not achieve an early‐mid treatment level of <5 mg/L have quicker disease progression or earlier relapse and also appear to have an inferior OS.
Expression of p21 and p53 in rat gingival and human oral epithelial cells after cyclosporine A treatment
Authors: Tu H.‐P. , Fu E. , Chen Y.‐T. , Wu M.‐H. , Cheng L.‐C. , Yang S.‐F. 
Published: July 2007

Background and Objective:  Expression of p21 and p53 were examined, at gene and protein levels, in edentulous gingival epithelial cells from rats and from a human oral epidermoid carcinoma cell line, OECM1, after cyclosporine A therapy.Material and Methods:  In vivo: 20 partially edentulous SD rats were assigned into cyclosporine A feeding and control groups. After the rats were killed, p21 and p53 in gingiva were evaluated by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. In vitro: after cyclosporine A treatment, p21 and p53 of OECM1 cells were evaluated by western blot and the luciferase assay. The distribution of OECM1 cells in each phase of the cell cycle was evaluated by flow cytometry.Results:  The mRNA expression of p21 was significantly higher in the cyclosporine A group than in the control group. A greater number of positive anti‐p21‐stained cells were observed in the gingival epithelium of the cyclosporine A group than in the control group. Significantly higher levels of p21 protein and activity were observed in OECM1 cells after cyclosporine A treatment than in cells without treatment. A relative increase of cells in G0/G1 phases, and a decrease of cells in G2/M phases, were observed in OECM1 cells after cyclosporine A treatment.Conclusion:  In the present study, higher p21 mRNA and protein expressions were observed after cyclosporine A treatment. Thus, an up‐regulation of p21 expression, via a p53‐independent pathway, by cyclosporine A in gingival and oral epithelial cells was suggested.
Restoration of an Anterior Edentulous Space with a Unique Glass Fiber‐Reinforced Composite Removable Partial Denture: A Case Report
Authors: AKIN HAKAN , TURGUT MEHMET , COSKUN M. EMRE 
Published: July 2007

ABSTRACTThe loss of anterior teeth can be hurtful to the patient both psychologically and socially. In adolescent patients, temporary replacement of the teeth can minimize these concerns. Many approaches have been described for this temporary replacement. This article presents an alternative approach for the oral rehabilitation of the preadolescent male who has edentulous space including sutura palatina media in the anterior maxilla. High expectations regarding esthetics by the patient were successfully met by utilizing a glass fiber‐reinforced composite temporary removable partial denture. The restorations remained intact, with no discoloration or deterioration at the 16‐month recall.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEAs growth and development of the jaws continue in the preadolescent patient, a glass fiber‐ reinforced composite temporary removable partial denture can be an esthetic and conservative option for replacement of missing anterior teeth.
Between Then and Now: Modern Book History
Authors: Longworth Kate 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis paper introduces aLiterature Compasscluster on Modern Book History. The full cluster is made up of the following articles:‘Between Then and Now: Modern Book History’, Kate Longworth,Literature Compass4 (2007), 10.1111/j.1741‐4113.2007.00474.x.‘Ezra Pound'sCantos: A Compact History of Twentieth‐Century Authorship, Publishing and Editing’, Mark Byron,Literature Compass4 (2007), 10.1111/j.1741‐4113.2007.00475.x.‘ “The Making of the Book”: Roy Fisher, the Circle Press and the Poetics of Book Art’, Matthew Sperling,Literature Compass4 (2007), 10.1111/j.1741‐4113.2007.00476.x.‘Bakhtinian “Journalization” and the Mid‐Victorian Literary Marketplace’, Dallas Liddle,Literature Compass4 (2007), 10.1111/j.1741‐4113.2007.00477.x.‘Manuscript in Print: The Materiality of Alternative Comics’, Emma Tinker,Literature Compass4 (2007), 10.1111/j.1741‐4113.2007.00478.x.‘Lost in a World of Books: Reading and Identity in Pre‐War Japan’, Susan C. Townsend,Literature Compass4 (2007), 10.1111/j.1741‐4113.2007.00479.x.
Death and Nostalgia: The Future of Beowulf in the Post‐National Discipline of English
Authors: Momma Haruko , Powell Michael 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis co‐authored essay considers the past and future of Beowulf studies in the form of a dialogue between Historia and Poesis, two allegorical figures used by J. R. R. Tolkien in his lecture ‘Beowulf: The Monsters and the Critics’. Historia explains how Beowulf studies emerged in the early nineteenth century through the work of John Mitchell Kemble and other philologists who sought the origin of the English nation in its heroic past. Poesis contends that the future of Beowulf studies is best served by the discipline of English, long the host of poetry and its potential for self‐discovery. Both agree that Beowulf will continue to appeal to readers even in the post‐national era because of the nostalgia the poem evokes, be it a yearning for the past or the mourning of a lost home or the death of a culture.
Do Women with Female Ejaculation Have Detrusor Overactivity?
Authors: Cartwright Rufus , Elvy Susannah , Cardozo Linda 
Published: July 2007

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Questionnaire surveys suggest that 40–54% of women have experienced an expulsion of fluid at orgasm. Some of these women have coital incontinence, whereas others identify the fluid passed as female ejaculate.

Aim
To assess whether women who have experienced female ejaculation have detrusor overactivity or the bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms associated with coital incontinence.

Methods
We recruited six women who self-identified as having experienced female ejaculation and six controls who had not. Each woman completed a 3-day bladder diary and two validated bladder questionnaires: the Urgency Perception Scale (UPS) and the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ). Each woman underwent short provocative ambulatory urodynamics, a modified form of urodynamics, with a high sensitivity for detrusor overactivity.

Main Outcome Measures
Prevalence of detrusor overactivity, 24-hour urinary frequency, IIQ and UPS scores.

Results
No woman in either group had detrusor overactivity. The bladder diaries and questionnaire results were within the normal range for all women.

Conclusion
Women who experience female ejaculation may have normal voiding patterns, no bothersome incontinence symptoms, and no demonstrable detrusor overactivity. Women who report female ejaculation, in the absence of other lower urinary tract symptoms, do not require further investigation, and may be reassured that it is an uncommon, but physiological, phenomenon.
Comparison of ALD of HfO2, SiO2, and HfSiOx Thin Films Using Various Metal/Silicon Alkylamide Precursors and O3
Authors: Bartholomew Lawrence , Barelli Carl , Owyang Jon , DiCarlo Ron , Shenai Deo , Marsman Charles , Senzaki Yoshi 
Published: July 2007

The atomic layer deposition (ALD) of HfO2, SiO2, HfxSi1-xO2 thin films were compared in process performance using various Hf/Si amide precursors and O3 as an oxidant. The novel	Hf/Si precursor co-injection	ALD process was evaluated to grow HfxSi1-xO2 films. The behavior of TEMAHf and TDMAHf were comparable in the HfO2 and HfxSi1-xO2 processes. Only 3DMASi yielded SiO2 films while both 4DMASi and TEMASi failed to deposit SiO2 under similar low temperature (< 400{degree sign}C) conditions. On the other hand, all three silicon precursors successfully deposited HfxSi1-xO2 over a wide range of temperature. This paper will explore films deposited on both single-wafer and batch ALD platforms, demonstrating that the films have equivalent physical and electrical behavior on both platforms.