bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the third‐trimester fetus using 3‐dimensional volumes: A pilot study
Authors: Bromley Bryann , Shipp Thomas D. , Benacerraf, Beryl 
Published: April 2007

AbstractPurpose.To examine whether the third‐trimester fetus can be assessed sonographically using 3‐dimensional (3D) volume data sets.Methods.Twenty‐seven consecutive third‐trimester fetuses were evaluated. Fetuses were scanned using 2‐dimensional (2D) imaging followed by 5 3D volume acquisitions. The initial scan was interpreted and reported based on the 2D images. The 3D volume data sets were independently reviewed offline several weeks later by 2 sonologists. Parameters evaluated included fetal presentation, placental location, amniotic fluid volume, fetal biometry including a calculation of estimated fetal weight, and major fetal anatomic structures. The result of the interpretation via 3D reconstruction of the volume from each of the 2 sonologists was compared with the original 2D sonography report.Results.Fetal presentation, amniotic fluid volume, and placental location with respect to the cervix were correctly identified 100% of the time by each sonologist. The estimated fetal weight was within 10% of the 2D estimate 89% (95% CI, 0.71–0.98) of the time for sonologist A and 96% (95% CI, 0.81–0.99) of the time for sonologist B. The majority of major anatomic landmarks were adequately seen by both sonologists.Conclusion.Offline review of 3D volume data sets is a reliable method for determining fetal presentation, amniotic fluid volume, placental location, and estimating fetal weight in the third trimester. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2007
The impact of tropical cyclones on Hainan Island's extreme and total precipitation
Authors: Wu Yanjun , Wu Shengan , Zhai Panmao 
Published: April 2007

AbstractTotal and extreme precipitation in Hainan Island was investigated in this study, based on consistent meteorological data for the period 1962–2005. Results show that tropical cyclones mainly impact Hainan Island between June and November, during which time they account for more than one‐third of the total precipitation. Over the past four decades, the number of TCs impacting Hainan Island has significantly decreased. Correspondingly, the TC precipitation and its contribution to the total precipitation have slightly reduced. Extreme rainfall events because of cyclones are responsible for nearly 60% of Hainan's overall ‘daily extreme precipitation’ and 23% of Hainan's total precipitation. Noticeably, the number of extreme heavy precipitation days and total amount of precipitation from those extreme events influenced by TCs has increased. On average, the precipitation amount and the number of days of extreme events caused by each cyclone have been significantly increased. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society
I‐123‐guided excision of metastatic papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Khandelwal Saurabh , Sener Stephen F. , Purdy Lisa , Perlman Reid M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe use of a gamma probe for intraoperative localization of a cervical lymph node, which contained recurrent metastatic papillary thyroid cancer, facilitated a radio‐guided minimally invasive outpatient surgical procedure and resulted in complete excision of clinically occult disease. The technique raises the issue of whether nonpalpable regional node recurrences should be locally excised, removed in a formal modified neck dissection, or treated with therapeutic doses of I‐131. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96:173–175. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Blow‐up analysis, existence and qualitative properties of solutions for the two‐dimensional Emden–Fowler equation with singular potential
Authors: Bartolucci Daniele , Montefusco Eugenio 
Published: April 2007

AbstractMotivated by the study of a two‐dimensional point vortex model, we analyse the following Emden–Fowler type problem with singular potential:

where V(x) = K(x)/|x|2α with α∈(0, 1), 0<a⩽K(x)⩽b< + ∞, ∀x∈Ω and ∥∇K∥∞⩽C. We first extend various results, already known in case α⩽0, to cover the case α∈(0, 1). In particular, we study the concentration‐compactness problem and the mass quantization properties, obtaining some existence results. Then, by a special choice of K, we include the effect of the angular momentum in the system and obtain the existence of axially symmetric one peak non‐radial blow‐up solutions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Health of the nation: an individual or a corporate social responsibility? A preliminary investigation into consumer perceptions
Authors: Bhate Seema 
Published: April 2007

Abstract

Britain is increasingly mirroring a number of nations in terms of the continued growth in prevailing levels of illnesses related potentially to human food consumption. As this issue fast becomes global, the question of whose responsibility it is, has come to the forefront of the debate. Other groups, apart from the Governments with direct involvement in this crisis are the Consumers and the Marketers. Using the food industry as the basis, the study primarily focuses on the consumers' perceptions of the nature and the extent of the problem. To investigate, three products used in the study are placed on a continuum; Chocolates represent one end and Genetically manufactured foods the other. Fast foods are represented in the middle. This framework highlights variations in consumer perceptions based on product differences: manufacturers have been held responsible for the provision of pertinent information in the case of genetically manufactured products; in the context of fast foods and Confectionery both manufacturers and consumers have been seen as responsible for consumers' existing consumption patterns.

Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Refractive index‐modulated grating in two‐mode planar polymeric waveguide produced by two‐photon polymerization
Authors: Dong Yi , Yu Xiaoqiang , Sun Yuming , Hou Xueyuan , Li Yufei , Zhang Xian 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA polymeric waveguide film was manufactured by spinning the materials on quartz substrate. Two‐photon‐initiated photopolymerization was carried out by tight‐focusing femtosecond laser pulses in the two‐mode planar waveguide. A typical index‐modulated grating of 2.5 × 2 mm areas without morphology was fabricated. The results show that peak‐to‐peak modulation depth of the surface profile of grating region was only about 7 nm. The diffraction efficiency (DE) of the grating with a spacing period 2 µm was 0.17% and the corresponding index modulation reached 5.7 × 10−3. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Audio instruction tapes
Authors: Pabst William R. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAudio Instruction tapes are described as a form of semi‐automated learning whose potential previously has not been realized. Students do not listen to these tapes; they work along with them. These tapes are not lectures. They do not substitute for the teacher. They require the teacher and the class situation for enforcement of learning. This article describes the tapes available for applied statistics and explains how they are used.
Comprehensive analysis of exported proteins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv
Authors: Målen Hiwa , Berven Frode S. , Fladmark Kari E. , Wiker Harald G. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractProteins secreted by Mycobacterium tuberculosis play an essential role in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis. The culture filtrates of M. tuberculosis H37Rv made by Sadamu Nagai (Japan), are considerably enriched for secreted proteins compared to other culture filtrates. Complementary approaches were used to identify the secreted proteins in these culture filtrates: (i) 2‐DE combined with MALDI‐TOF MS and (ii) LC coupled MS/MS. Peptides derived from a total of 257 proteins were identified of which 144 were identified by more than one peptide. Several members of the immunologically important early secretory antigenic target‐6 (ESAT‐6) family of proteins were found to be major components. The majority of the identified proteins, 159 (62%), were predicted to be exported through the general secretory pathway. We experimentally verified that the signal peptides, which mediate translocation through the cell membrane, had been removed in 41 of the identified proteins, and in 35 of those, there was an AXA motif N‐terminally to the cleavage site, showing that this motif is important for the recognition and cleavage of signal peptides in mycobacteria. A large fraction of the secreted proteins were unknown, suggesting that we have mapped an unexplored part of the exported proteome of M. tuberculosis.∁
New powder coatings with low curing temperature and enhanced mechanical properties obtained from DGEBA epoxy resins and Meldrum acid using erbium triflate as curing agent
Authors: García S. J. , Serra A. , Suay J. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractNew low curing temperature powder coatings obtained by copolymerization of epoxy resins with Meldrum acid (MA) initiated by erbium (III) trifluoromethanesulfonate have been formulated. Their mechanical and thermomechanical properties have been studied and compared with a commonly used industrial system (o‐tolylbiguanide/epoxy resin) and with an already formulated epoxy powder coating homopolymerized by erbium trifluoromethanesulfonate. Systems containing low proportions of MA and initiated by erbium trifluoromethanesulfonate lead to a great reduction of curing conditions (temperature/time). Moreover, the new formulated systems present very good mechanical properties, adhesion, and impact resistance. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 2316–2327, 2007
Proteomics analysis of plasma for potential biomarkers in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Liao Pao‐Chi , Yu Lung , Kuo Chih‐Chieh , Lin Chingju , Kuo Yu‐Min 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe objective of this study was to search for biological markers associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Plasma specimens obtained from ten pathologically diagnosed AD patients and ten non‐demented (ND) control subjects were analyzed by a combination of 2‐DE and MS. This strategy allowed us to identify six plasma proteins (alpha‐1‐antitrypsin, vitamin D‐binding protein, inter‐alpha‐trypsin inhibitor family heavy chain‐related protein, apolipoprotein J precursor, cAMP‐dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha 1, and an orf) whose 2‐DE spot densities were different between the AD and ND groups. Due to their involvements in AD amyloid plaque formation, the plasma concentrations of alpha‐1‐antitrypsin and apolipoprotein J were further validated using either ELISA or Western blot. The results revealed that the plasma levels of alpha‐1‐antitrypsin in AD were higher than those of controls, confirming the 2‐DE findings. However, no difference in total apolipoprotein J concentration was observed between the AD and ND groups. Considering the difference in resolving power to differentially quantitate protein isoforms provided by 2‐DE and Western blot, 2‐DE analysis combined with MS protein identification offers distinctive advantages when a disease‐related protein isoform‐specific variance is investigated.
A native antigen “reverse capture” microarray platform for autoantibody profiling of prostate cancer sera
Authors: Ehrlich Joshua R. , Caiazzo Robert J. , Qiu Weiliang , Tassinari Oliver W. , O'Leary Michael P. , Richie Jerome P. , Liu Brian C.‐S. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractCancer sera contain antibodies that react with autologous cellular antigens. Here, we report the use of a novel native antigen‐based platform, the “reverse capture” autoantibody microarray, for identification of autoantigens against which autoantibody expression may be used to differentiate between patients with prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Serum samples were collected at our institution from patients with BPH and patients with prostate carcinoma with similar blood prostate‐specific antigen levels. IgG was purified from individual prostate cancer sera, differentially labeled with fluorescent dyes, and competitively hybridized against purified IgG from a group of well‐characterized BPH control patients on our reverse capture microarray platform. For each experiment, we performed a two‐slide dye‐swap. Using this platform, we identified 28 unique antigen‐autoantibody reactivities that have the potential to discriminate prostate cancer from BPH. These autoantigens, with p‐values ≤0.01, can be placed into the following general categories: protein kinases, cell‐cycle regulators, cancer‐growth factors, apoptosis mediators, and transcription factors. In addition, only 1 of the 28 autoantigens remained differentially targeted by autoantibodies in post‐surgical prostate cancer patients after a minimum 1‐year follow‐up. Autoantibody profiling using this platform may be a useful tool for differentiating between malignant and benign diseases of the prostate.
The 2006 Human Liver Proteome Project (HLPP) Workshops
Authors: Mato José M. , He Fuchu , Beretta Laura 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn 2006, scientists participating to the Human Liver Proteome Project (HLPP) launched by the Human Proteome Organisation (HUPO) convened on two occasions to present and discuss their progress. A workshop was held over two days in May in Bilbao, Spain, and a brief 3‐hour meeting was held in October in conjunction with the 5th HUPO World Congress in Long Beach, California. Highlights included progress on (i) the construction of the human normal liver proteome expression profile and of subcellular proteomes; (ii) establishment of a liver ORFeome bank and of a liver antibody bank; (iii) identifications of protein‐protein interaction maps in the liver; (iv) application of a robust strategy for quantitative proteomics; and (v) the characterization of fatty liver diseases using mouse models.
Phase transition associated with the variation of oxygen vacancy/ion distribution in the oxide‐ion conductor La2Mo2–xWxO9
Authors: Li D. , Wang X. P. , Fang Q. F. , Wang J. X. , Li C. , Zhuang Z. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe effects of tungsten doping in La2Mo2–x Wx O9 samples (x = 0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4) were studied using dielectric relaxation measurements. Additional to the low‐temperature relaxation peak Pd associated with oxygen ion diffusion, a new dielectric loss peak Ph was observed around 740 K. With increasing tungsten concentration, the activation energy of peak Pd increases and saturates at a value of about 1.45 eV, and the height of peak Ph increases at first and then decreases after passing a maximum at 25% tungsten doping. With increasing measurement frequency, the height of peak Ph decreases monotonically but its position shifts very little. Peak Ph in pure and tungsten‐doped La2Mo2O9 is suggested to be associated with a phase transition from the static disordered state to the dynamic disordered state of oxygen ion/vacancy distribution. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Strain of single edge dislocations in bulk GaN
Authors: Gmeinwieser Nikolaus , Schwarz Ulrich T. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAn edge dislocation causes a strain dipole field with compressive strain on one and tensile strain on the other side of the dislocation. We observe this strain dipole of single edge dislocations through the tiny spectral shift it causes to the narrow lines of the donor bound exciton at low temperatures. We demonstrate that the microscopic orientation of the Burgers vector given by the hexagonal lattice causes the orientation of these strain dipoles along six discrete directions at macroscopic scale. We also introduce a two‐dimensional convolution method using a complex convolution core for an accurate determination of the strain dipole orientation. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optical properties of GaN nanopillar and nanostripe arrays with embedded InGaN/GaN multi quantum wells
Authors: Keller S. , Fichtenbaum N. A. , Schaake C. , Neufeld C. J. , David A. , Matioli E. , Wu Y. , DenBaars S. P. , Speck J. S. , Weisbuch C. , Mishra U. K. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractGaN nanopillar and nanostripe arrays with embedded InGaN/GaN multi quantum wells (MQWs) were fabricated from planar wafers with different quantum well widths using holographic lithography and subsequent reactive ion etching. Although the etching process led to a reduction in the MQW related luminescence, the etch related damage was successfully healed through annealing in NH3/N2 mixtures under optimized conditions, and the annealed nanopatterned samples exhibited enhanced photoluminescence (PL) compared to the planar wafers. Angular‐resolved PL measurements revealed extraction of guided modes from the nanopillar and nanostripe arrays (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Elevated dopamine D2High receptors in α‐1b‐adrenoceptor knockout supersensitive mice
Authors: Tassin Jean‐Pol , Torrens Yvette , Salomon Lucas , Lanteri Christophe , Seeman Philip 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAlthough amphetamine induces hyperactivity by releasing dopamine (DA), mice that lack α1b‐adrenoceptors do not release DA in response to amphetamine and do not, therefore, exhibit locomotor supersensitivity to amphetamine. However, such mice reveal hyperlocomotion to p‐chloroamphetamine (PCA). Because these α1b‐adrenoceptor knockout mice have no alterations in the striatal densities of DA D1 or D2 receptors, the basis for any possible dopaminergic contribution to the PCA‐induced hyperlocomotion to PCA is unclear. Therefore, because supersensitive animals are generally known to have a higher proportion of DA D2 receptors in the high‐affinity state for DA D2High, we investigated whether there was any change in the α1b‐adrenoceptor knockout striata in the proportion of DA D2High receptors to determine whether there could be a DA‐based contribution to the PCA‐induced hyperlocomotion. We found that the proportion of D2High in the wild type striata was 23 ± 3.3%, whereas that in the α1b‐adrenoceptor knockout striata was 52 ± 2.9%, an increase of 2.3‐fold. This elevation agrees with other types of DA‐supersensitive animal striata and could assist in eliciting a supersensitive response in these α1b‐adrenoceptor knockout mice. Synapse 61:569–572, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and Physical Properties of Tallow‐Oleic Estolide 2‐Ethylhexyl Esters
Authors: Cermak Steven C. , Skender Alex L. , Deppe Amy B. , Isbell Terry A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractTallow‐oleic estolide 2‐ethylhexyl (2‐EH) esters were synthesized in a perchloric acid catalyzed one‐pot process from industrial 90% oleic and tallow fatty acids at various ratios, while varying the ratio of tallow and oleic fatty acids, with the esterification process incorporated into an in situ second step to provide a functional fluid. Their viscosities ranged 57–80 cSt at 40 °C and 10.8–14.0 cSt at 100 °C with viscosity index (VI) 169–185. The 100% tallow estolide 2‐EH ester had modest low‐temperature properties (pour point = −15 °C and cloud point = −14 °C), while the 50:50 mixture of oleic and tallow fatty acids produced an estolide that had better low‐temperature properties (pour point = −21 °C and cloud point = −21 °C) without a large negative effect on the oxidative stability. The oxidative stability increased as the amount of saturation increased (rotating pressurized vessel oxidation test (RPVOT) × 165–274 min). The tallow‐oleic estolide 2‐EH esters have shown remarkably low evaporative losses of only 1% loss compared to a 15–17% loss for commercial materials of similar viscosity grade. Along with expected good biodegradability, these tallow‐oleic estolide 2‐EH esters had acceptable properties that should provide a specialty niche.
Genetik des Prostatakarzinoms
Authors: Maier C. , Vogel W. 
Published: April 2007

Zusammenfassung
Das Prostatakarzinom ist der häufigste maligne Tumor des Mannes, und es weist ätiologisch den größten genetischen Einfluss auf. Dennoch konnten bislang keine Gene identifiziert werden, die einen größeren Teil familiärer Fälle erklären und entsprechende Diagnostik ermöglichen. Keimbahnmutationen in 3 aus Kopplungsanalysen hervorgegangenen Genen (ELAC2, RNASEL, MSR1) sind zu selten und in ihrer Penetranz fraglich. Assoziationen zu diversen Genen sind meist schwach und nur für BRCA2 bzw. familiären Brustkrebs klinisch von Bedeutung. Infolge der extremen Heterogenität muss sich die genetische Beratung auf Risikoschätzungen aus dem Stammbaum stützen, wobei bereits ein betroffener Verwandter 1. Grades zu einem relevanten Risiko führt.
Erbliche Disposition zu Tumoren des Auges
Authors: Lohmann D. 
Published: April 2007

Zusammenfassung
Bei verschiedenen Tumordispositionserkrankungen mit pleiotropem Manifestationsspektrum ist das Auge mit involviert. Unter den monogen erblichen Tumorerkrankungen ist aus klinischer Sicht das erbliche Retinoblastom am wichtigsten. Das zur Erklärung seiner Entstehung entwickelte 2-Schritt-Mutationsmodell war auch für die Aufklärung anderer dominanter Tumordispositionen wegweisend. Bei den meisten anderen erblichen Krebserkrankungen sind die Manifestationen im Bereich des Auges für den Krankheitsverlauf nicht relevant, können aber zur Diagnose führen. Dies gilt insbesondere für das retinale kapillare Hämangiom bei Patienten mit einer Von-Hippel-Lindau-Erkrankung. Für die Entstehung des Aderhautmelanoms, des häufigsten bösartigen Augentumors, gibt es keinen Hinweis auf eine monogene Disposition. Allerdings lassen epidemiologische Daten vermuten, dass für seine Entstehung genetische Faktoren eine Rolle spielen. Die Prognose bei diesem Tumor ist eng mit einem somatischen genetischen Marker, der Monosomie 3, verbunden.
Dysynchiria is not a common feature of neuropathic pain
Authors: Krämer Heidrun H. , Seddigh Susann , Moseley G. Lorimer , Birklein Frank 
Published: April 2007

AbstractPatients with chronic neuropathic pain (non‐CRPS) and brush‐evoked allodynia watched a reflected image of their corresponding but opposite skin region being brushed in a mirror. Unlike complex regional pain syndrome Type 1, this process did not evoke any sensation at the affected area (‘dysynchiria’). We conclude that central nociceptive sensitisation alone is not sufficient to cause dysynchiria in neuropathic pain. The results imply a difference in cortical pain processing between complex regional pain syndrome and other chronic neuropathic pain.
Paleoenvironmental analysis of a middle Wisconsinan biota site, southwestern Virginia, U.S.A.
Authors: Whittecar G. Richard , Wynn Thomas C. , Bartlett Charles S. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe Ratcliff Site in southwestern Virginia lies in a small second-order stream valley filled with approximately 3.5 m of organic-rich deposits that contain bones of mammoth, mastodon, deer (or antelope), logs, and plant macrofossils. Radiocarbon analyses indicate the age of the organic-rich sediment ranges from > 44,000 to 29,100 14C yr BP, a time period with no fossil remains reported in this region of the Appalachians. Analyses of field observations, textural data, organic carbon content, and plant macrofossils indicate that the organic-rich sediments contain interbedded standing-water and debris-flow deposits. Up to 6 m of oxidized debris-flow sediments bury the organic-rich sediments. The presence ofRubus parviflorus(Thimble Berry) throughout the deposit indicates the site had a boreal environment from > 44,000 to 29,10014C yr BP. Plant macrofossil evidence indicates the uplands had stands of spruce/jack-pine forests while the valley contained ponds and associated wetlands. Three debris flows occurred at the site between approximately 38,000 and 29,000 14C yr BP, suggesting a recurrence interval for major storms of approximately 3000 yr, even though the apparent stability of the boreal environment implies a climate not conducive to catastrophic rainstorms. This conflicting combination of features suggests that during the middle Wisconsinan this area experienced generally cool climates, dominated by polar air masses, but was punctuated by relatively brief warm periods marked by incursions of tropical air masses.