bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of methotrexate in steroid‐resistant systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Rothenberg R. J. , Graziano F. M. , Grandone J. T. , Goldberg J. W. , Bjarnason D. F. , Finesilver A. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAlthough the use of methotrexate (MTX) is gaining acceptance in the treatment of several connective tissue diseases, there is little evidence of its therapeutic value in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We examined the response to MTX in patients with steroid‐resistant SLE in an open, unblinded study. Of 10 SLE patients treated with MTX (7.5 mg/weekly), 7 showed improvement. The other 3 stopped therapy because of lack of response or because of side effects. Improvements were noted within 3 months in responding patients. These promising observations suggest that controlled studies of MTX for the treatment of SLE are justified.
Antineurofilament antibody evaluation in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Robbins Mark L. , Kornguth Steven E. , Bell Carolyn L. , Kalinke Tom , England Douglas , Turski Patrick , Graziano Frank M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe used Western blot analysis to examine the occurrence and titer of antibody to cytoskeletal neurofilament protein antigens in patients with neuropsychiatric manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and in controls. Twenty‐two patients with neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) had an increased incidence of antineurofilament antibody (ANFA) compared with 34 patients with SLE without neuropsychiatric symptoms, 78 patients with other disease processes, and 22 healthy controls. ANFA were found to be directed against the 205,000‐ and 160,000‐dalton proteins of the neurofilament triplet. Patients with a diffuse NPSLE clinical presentation had the greatest frequency of serum ANFA (7 of 12, 58%) compared with all other groups examined. Magnetic resonance imaging and serum anticardiolipin antibody testing were also performed in selected patients with NPSLE. Patients with a focal clinical presentation of NPSLE, positive magnetic resonance imaging findings, and negative serum ANFA had significantly elevated levels of anticardiolipin antibody.
B cells expressing cd5 are increased in sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Dauphinée Michael , Tovar Zair , Talal Norman 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this investigation of B cells expressing the CD5 (Leu‐1) cell surface marker, we found increased numbers of these cells in 13 of 19 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) (68%), as well as in the rheumatoid arthritis patients. The percentage of B cells that demonstrated increased expression of CD5 was 46% in SS patients, 47% in rheumatoid arthritis patients, 24% in systemic lupus erythematosus patients, and 26% in normal subjects. Over a 2‐year period, CD5 expression on B cells was a stable finding in several patients, except for 2 who required either steroid therapy or combined chemotherapy and irradiation for malignant lymphoma. Both of these patients had clinical remissions and their levels of CD5+ B cells returned to normal. The first patient had a clinical picture of SS/systemic lupus erythematosus overlap, associated with polyclonal B cell activation and decreased production of interleukin‐2 in response to stimulation with phytohemagglutinin. These cellular immune abnormalities returned to normal after the institution of corticosteroids. Our observations suggest a relationship between the CD5+ B cell abnormality and disease activity. The results are discussed in relation to immunoregulatory properties of CD5+ B cells in autoimmune mice and the characteristic predisposition to malignant lymphoma among SS patients.
Dose‐dependent induction of anti–native dna antibodies in cats by propylthiouracil
Authors: Aucoin David P. , Rubin Robert L. , Peterson Mark E. , Reidenberg Marcus M. , Drayer Dennis E. , Hurvitz Arthur I. , Lahita Robert G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCats receiving propylthiouracil (PTU) develop antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and an immune‐mediated disease syndrome characterized by anorexia, lymphadenopathy, weight loss, and Coombs‐positive hemolytic anemia. Investigation of the ANA specificity indicated that the predominant ANA activity consisted of anti–native DNA (nDNA) antibodies. The formation of anti‐nDNA antibodies and immune‐mediated disease syndrome appeared to be dose‐dependent, even in cats in which a response had been induced on 4 prior occasions. These results supply further evidence that PTU‐induced autoimmunity is not the result of a simple drug allergy. Rather, it appears that PTU induces a lupus‐like syndrome, including the hallmark sign of systemic lupus erythematosus, anti‐nDNA antibodies.
Molecular heterogeneity of complement component c4‐null and 21‐hydroxylase genes in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Goldstein Rose , Arnett Frank C. , Mclean Robert H. , Bias Wilma B. , Duvic Madeleine 
Published: February 2007

AbstractC4A‐null alleles (C4A*Q0) and hereditary complete C4 deficiency (homozygous C4A*Q0, C4B*Q0) are associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Using Southern blot analysis with C4 and 21‐hydroxylase (21‐OH) DNA probes, we studied SLE patients and normal control subjects with or without C4A*Q0, and 2 C4‐deficient SLE patients. A previously reported large C4A,21‐OHA gene deletion associated in normal subjects with the HLA—A1;B8;DR3;C4AQ0 haplotype was detected by the appearance of a new C4 Hind III 8.5‐kb fragment and disappearance of a 3.2‐kb 21‐OH Taq I fragment. In 3 SLE patients with homozygous C4A*Q0 and 15 with heterozygous C4A*Q0, this deletion pattern occurred almost exclusively in association with the HLA—B8;DR3;C4A*Q0 phenotype; the one exception was a black SLE patient. Other C4A*Q0‐bearing HLA phenotypes in white patients and black patients with SLE, and the 2 completely C4‐deficient SLE patients, had normal DNA hybridization to both C4 and 21‐OH probes. The genetic basis for C4‐null alleles in SLE is heterogeneous. A large C4A,21‐OHA deletion occurs mainly on the HLA—B8;DR3;C4AQ0 haplotype in SLE and controls. Other HLA haplotypes bearing C4A*Q0 have normal C4 and 21‐OH genes, as demonstrated by Southern blot analysis.
Trends in incidence and clinical presentation of temporal arteritis in olmsted county, minnesota, 1950–1985
Authors: Machado E. B. V. , Michet Clement J. , Ballard David J. , Hunder Gene G. , Beard C. Mary , Chu Chu‐Pin , O'Fallon W. Michael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNinety‐four Olmsted County, Minnesota residents with temporal arteritis (TA) initially diagnosed between 1950 and 1985 (incidence cohort) were identified. The age‐ and sex‐adjusted incidence of TA per 100,000 population age 50 years or older was 17.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] 13.6–20.5), with a marked increase in incidence with age and a threefold greater incidence in women (23.4, 95% CI 18.2–28.7) than in men (7.4, 95% CI 3.7–11.0). The previously described secular increase in TA incidence in Olmsted County women continued from 1970 through 1985, while TA incidence in men declined in this latter time period. Although the frequency of classic clinical manifestations of TA declined over time, the percentage of patients undergoing biopsy who have positive specimens remained relatively constant (women 41%, men 26%). The incidence rate of temporal artery biopsy also increased for women during this period, but declined for men, suggesting that the differing trends in TA incidence by sex may be partially attributable to a detection bias. Future research in TA etiology and epidemiology should focus on possible causal factors linked to the differential TA incidence by sex.
Dyslipoproteinemia in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Ilowite Norman T. , Samuel Paul , Ginzler Ellen , Jacobson Marc S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPatients with systemic lupus erythematosus are at increased risk for premature atherosclerosis. We examined one possible etiologic factor, dyslipoproteinemia, both before and after corticosteroid therapy. We identified 2 distinct patterns of dyslipoproteinemia. One is attributable to active disease; the other is attributable, in part, to corticosteroid therapy. The dyslipoproteinemia of active disease consists of depressed high density lipoprotein cholesterol and apoprotein A‐I with elevated very low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride, while the dyslipoproteinemia after corticosteroid therapy consists of increased total cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride. The possible pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible for these patterns, as well as the possible roles in premature atherosclerosis seen in systemic lupus erythematosus patients, are discussed.
Phenothiazine‐induced systemic lupus erythematosus with superior vena cava syndrome: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Steen Virginia D. , Ramsey‐Goldman Rosalind 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPhenothiazine‐induced lupus with circulating anticoagulant (CAC) has been reported infrequently, and is rarely associated with significant symptoms. We describe a patient who we suspect had perphenazine‐induced lupus erythematosus with CAC. She had recurrent episodes of venous thrombosis and ultimately developed superior vena cava syndrome. The relationships among phenothiazine‐induced lupus, CAC, and thrombosis are discussed.
Light and electron microscopic studies on the synovial membrane in reiter's syndrome.
Authors: Ralph H. Schumacher , Magge Sathish , Varghese Cherian P. , Sleckman Joseph , Rothfuss Susan , Clayburne Gilda , Sieck Marie 
Published: February 2007

AbstractStudies by light microscopy on synovium obtained from 11 patients with Reiter's syndrome during the first month of an episode showed proliferation of synovial lining cells, polymorphonuclear neutrophils among the synovial lining cells, increased surface fibrin, and vascular congestion. Biopsy specimens taken later showed vascular congestion and still proliferated synovial lining cells, fewer polymorphonuclear neutrophils in some, and a tendency toward increased infiltration with lymphocytes and plasma cells. Electron microscopy of samples from 8 patients during the first month of disease activity showed occlusion of vessels by platelets in 4, and fibrin or dense granular material in the vessel walls in 4. Five of the patients with arthritis of less than 4 weeks duration had unidentified intracellular and extracellular particles; some of these were highly suggestive of Chlamydia. No such particles were noted in samples from patients with more chronic cases. Using an antibody to Chlamydia trachomatis and the peroxidase‐antiperoxidase technique, immunocytochemistry showed reaction product in synovial macrophages in 2 patients with arthritis of less than 4 weeks duration, but not in the 1 patient studied who had more chronic disease. These studies provide support for dramatic synovial vascular injury consistent with that caused by endotoxin and the presence of chlamydial antigen in synovial macrophages, at least in the early phases of synovitis.
Analysis of the histologic variation of synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Rooney Madeleine , Condell Deborah , Quinlan William , Daly Leslie , Whelan Alex , Feighery Conleth , Bresnihan Barry 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred forty‐five synovial biopsy specimens were obtained from 30 procedures performed on the knee joints of 29 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. All patients had clinically active rheumatoid arthritis and none had received slow‐acting disease‐modifying drugs or intraarticular corticosteroids. Scores were assigned to each biopsy specimen for each of 6 histologic features to quantify variation within each joint. In the majority of knee joint biopsies, there was considerable clustering of scores for all histologic features. Thus, on a scale of 0–10, 82% of the scores for synoviocyte hyperplasia were within 1 point of the median score for a given joint. Similarly, between 69% and 85% of the scores for the remaining features (fibrosis, vessel proliferation, perivascular infiltrates, focal aggregates, and diffuse infiltrates of lymphocytes) were within 1 point of the median values. Multiple biopsies were obtained at arthroscopy in 8 patients. Tissue was selected from areas of apparent maximal and minimal involvement, to enhance the likelihood of regional histologic variation. Of the scores for synoviocyte hyperplasia, 91% were within 1 point of the median values for a given joint, and of the scores for the remaining 5 features, 72–94% fell within 1 point of the median values. In addition, highly significant statistical correlations of the intensity of synovial lining layer hyperplasia, vessel proliferation, mononuclear cell infiltration, fibrosis, and clinical measurements of synovitis were observed.
Suppression of human fibroblast proliferation by d‐penicillamine and copper sulfate in vitro
Authors: Matsubara Tsukasa , Hirohata Kazushi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe examined the effect of D‐penicillamine (DP) and copper sulfate (CuSO4) on human fibroblast proliferation in vitro. DP plus CuSO4 inhibited both basal and interleukin‐1 (IL‐1)‐induced tritiated thymidine incorporation into fibroblasts in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. Significant inhibition was observed at the level of 60 μM in the presence of 4 μM CuSO4. At this range of concentrations, which is attained in serum and in tissues of treated patients, DP alone or CuSO4 alone did not affect fibroblast proliferation. Similar inhibition was observed with various thiols in the presence of copper, but not with disulfides such as DP disulfide or oxidized glutathione. Inhibition of fibroblast DNA synthesis induced by DP and CuSO4 was reversed by the simultaneous addition of catalase or horseradish peroxidase, but not by boiled catalase or superoxide dismutase. The inhibition by DP and CuSO4, therefore, may be attributable to hydrogen peroxide produced by these 2 agents. DP, in the presence of CuSO4, did not affect IL‐1 secretion from human peripheral mononuclear phagocytes. These observations indicate that hydrogen peroxide produced by DP plus CuSO4 inhibits IL‐1–induced fibroblast proliferation by directly affecting fibroblasts, without alteration of IL‐1 secretion from mononuclear phagocytes. Thus, DP may play a role in inhibiting the growth of rheumatoid pannus and excessive collagenation in scleroderma by direct inhibition of fibroblast proliferation.
Sex hormone status and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Sambrook P. N. , Eisman J. A. , Champion G. D. , Pocock N. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSex hormones have important effects on bone, especially in postmenopausal women. These hormones may be of particular significance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), who have a high frequency of osteoporosis. To examine this, we measured estrogen and androgen concentrations and bone mineral density (BMD) in 49 postmenopausal women with RA and 49 normal postmenopausal women. Compared with the controls, postmenopausal RA patients had significantly reduced levels of estrone (median 18 pmoles/liter versus 49; P < 0.001), dehydroepiandosterone sulfate (DHEAS) (median 0.3 μmoles/liter versus 2.0; P < 0.001), testosterone (median 0.6 nmoles/liter versus 0.95; P < 0.001), and femoral BMD (mean 0.72 gm/cm2 versus 0.80; P < 0.002). Prednisolone therapy in 22 patients (mean dosage 8 mg/day) was associated with reductions in estrone and testosterone levels; however, DHEAS and femoral BMD were also decreased in RA patients who were not receiving corticosteroids. Reduced DHEAS levels in postmenopausal women with RA may increase their risk of osteoporosis.
N‐acetylprocainamide is a less potent inducer of t cell autoreactivity than procainamide
Authors: Richardson Bruce , Cornacchia Elizabeth , Golbus Joseph , Maybaum Jonathan , Strahler John , Hanash Samir 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have reported that an inhibitor of DNA methylation, 5‐azacytidine, makes cloned, antigen‐specific CD4 + T cells autoreactive, and that procainamide and hydralazine mimic this effect. Those results suggested that procainamide and hydralazine may induce autoimmunity by inhibiting DNA methylation and causing T cell autoreactivity. We report now that N‐acetylprocainamide, a procainamide derivative that does not induce lupus, is also a DNA methylation inhibitor, but it is 100 times less potent than procainamide in inducing T cell autoreactivity.
Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus. clinical, serologic, immunogenetic, and therapeutic considerations in seventy‐two patients
Authors: Callen Jeffrey P. , Klein Jon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe studied 72 patients with subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE). Forty‐nine of the patients had been part of an earlier study. The cutaneous disease was primarily annular in 17 patients, papulosquamous in 48, and a combination in 7. Although the major feature of SCLE is nonscarring, non‐atrophy‐producing lesions, scarring discoid lesions were observed in 21 patients. Thirty‐six patients fulfilled criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus. Cytoplasmic antibodies were present in only 22 patients. However, in the group of 23 patients recently analyzed, 13 of 22 tested had anti–Ro (SS‐A) and/or anti–La (SS‐B). HLA–DR3 was present in 22 of 59 patients. Neither anti–Ro (SS‐A) nor HLA–DR3 correlated with any clinical finding. Fortyseven patients have had continued activity of their disease, but in most patients, the disease has been controlled with sunscreens, topical and intralesional corticosteroids, and oral hydroxychloroquine. A broad spectrum of systemic lupus erythematosus–associated phenomena can occur in patients with SCLE. The disease is frequently easily controlled, and may become quiescent. This subset of lupus patients is less distinctive than has been previously suggested.
Possible involvement of epstein‐barr virus in polyclonal b cell activation in sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Yamaoka Kunio , Miyasaka Nobuyuki , Yamamoto Kohtaro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe sought evidence of Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) involvement in the mechanism of polyclonal B cell activation in 29 patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Serum levels of anti‐viral capsid antigen antibodies of both the IgG and the IgM class were significantly elevated in these patients. Excretion of EBV from the oropharynx was frequently observed, as well. Spontaneously transformed B cell lines that produced a large amount of transforming EBV were established preferentially from SS patients. We also found that an EBV‐specific regulatory mechanism was impaired in these patients. Our findings thus provide evidence of the involvement of EBV in patients with SS.
A controlled study of the effects of a supervised cardiovascular fitness training program on the manifestations of primary fibromyalgia
Authors: Mccain Glenn A. , Bell David A. , Mai François M. , Halliday Paul D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForty‐two patients with primary fibromyalgia were randomized into a 20‐week program consisting of either cardiovascular fitness (CVR) training or simple flexibility exercises (FLEX) that did not lead to enhanced cardiovascular fitness. Patients were supervised by the same medical fitness instructors. Patients in neither group had contact with members of the other group, and were blinded as to the exercise taught to the alternative group. Groups met for 60 minutes 3 times each week. The compliance rate was 90%. Thirty‐eight patients completed the study (18 with CVR training and 20 with FLEX). Blind assessments (standardized in preliminary trials to achieve acceptable inter‐rater agreement) were performed by the same 2 examiners. After 20 weeks, patients receiving CVR training showed significantly improved cardiovascular fitness scores compared with those receiving FLEX training (t[35] = −4.22, P < 0.003). Logistic regression analysis showed clinically and statistically significant improvements in pain threshold scores, which were measured directly over fibrositic tender points, in patients undergoing CVR (t[35] = 2.21, P < 0.04). There was also a trend toward improvement in pain scores (visual analog scale) in the CVR group, but this did not reach statistical significance. There was no improvement in the percentage of body area affected by fibrositic symptoms or the number of nights per week or hours per night of disturbed sleep (self‐report inventories). However, compared with the FLEX group, the CVR‐trained patients improved significantly in both patient and physician global assessment scores. Because multidimensional symptom self‐report inventory scores were similar in CVR‐trained and FLEX‐trained groups before and after exercise, improvements in the CVR‐trained group were not the result of a reduction in psychological distress. Thus, a supervised cardiovascular fitness training program may provide some therapeutic benefit to selected patients with primary fibromyalgia syndrome.
Accelerated nodulosis and vasculitis during methotrexate therapy for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Segal Rafael , Caspi Dan , Tishler Moshe , Fishel Beno , Yaron Michael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree women with classic rheumatoid arthritis, who were receiving weekly doses of methotrexate (MTX), developed accelerated subcutaneous nodulosis, despite good response to the drug. In 2 of the patients, the onset of nodulosis occurred within 3 months and 5 months, respectively, after starting MTX; in the third patient, it was observed only after 4 years of MTX therapy. In all 3 patients, the onset was unusually abrupt, with extensive distribution and remarkable nodule size. Additional manifestations of cutaneous vasculitis in 2 of the patients and Raynaud's phenomenon in the third appeared concomitantly with the nodulosis. Physicians prescribing MTX therapy for patients with rheumatoid arthritis should be aware of these potential complications.
Reversal of progressive necrotizing vasculitis with intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone
Authors: Fort John G. , Abruzzo John L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe a patient with polyarteritis nodosa who, despite therapy with daily doses of oral prednisone and cyclophosphamide, developed acute renal failure. Renal histopathologic examination demonstrated crescentic glomerulonephritis. Treatment with intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone resulted in clinical improvement and significant recovery of renal function.
Human autoantibody secreted by immortalized lymphocyte cell line against the 68k polypeptide of the u1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein
Authors: Chen Jintao , Takeda Yoshihiko , Vanderslice W. Eric , Sharp Gordon C. , Pettersson Ingvar , Roséan Anders , Wigzell Hans , Wang Richard J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAutoantibody of an immortalized human lymphocyte cell line, Su‐2E4, derived from peripheral lymphocytes of a patient with mixed connective tissue disease, showed specific binding of the 68K polypeptide of U1 small nuclear RNP (snRNP) and immunoprecipitation of U1 RNA. The reaction patterns of Su‐2E4 and a murine monoclonal anti‐(U1)snRNP line, 2.73, and results of a competition assay with the 2 antibodies suggest similar, but not necessarily identical, epitope recognition.