bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical Use of the Absorption of Soft γ-Rays, β-Ray-excited X-Rays and K-Capture X-Rays. III. Application to Column-chromatographic Separation of Halogen Compounds
Authors: Nozaki Tadashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The absorption technique of soft γ-rays, β-ray-excited X-rays and K-capture X-rays was successfully applied to column-chromatographic separation and purification of halogen compounds. By this technique, the behavior of the iodine- and bromine-containing compounds in the column was determined in situ, and important information for column chromato-graphy, including the retention volume, was also satisfactorily applied to the frontal analysis of halogen compounds. An excellent method for the preparation of pure 4-iodobiphenyl by the use of the in-situ determination was provided.
Oxidaton of Tetralin with tert-Butyl Chromate
Authors: Matsuura Tamon , Suga Takayuki , Sakao Takashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The oxidation of tetralin with tert-butyl chromate gave a relatively good yield of α-tetralone as the major product. Thus, it was seen that this oxidant oxidizes a methylene group of an alicyclic ring, adjacent to a benzene nucleus, to a ketonic group, forming α-ketone.
The Micro and Rapid Determination of Cobalt Carbonyl Anion in Organic Solvents by Titration with Methylene Blue
Authors: Iwanaga Ryoji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
An accurate and rapid method is described for the direct titration of cobalt carbonyl anion in organic solvents. This method is based upon the oxidation reaction of the anion with methylene blue in acid media. The stoichio-metry of the reaction of 2 mol. of the anion with 1 mol. of methylene blue is found only at the pH range from 1.9 to 5.2 or in the acetic acid medium. By using a 1:1 acetic acid-toluene mixture as solvent, and by carrying out the titration at about 0°C, the anion in Lewis bases such as methanol and acetone is titrated successively without any interference by the base reaction. This method is very suitable for the determination of the cobalt carbonyl anion in solutions in the course of various reactions.
Physicochemical Studies on Cobalt Salts of Higher Fatty Acids. VIII. Some Rheological Properties of Solutions of Cobalt Soaps. Specific Viscosities and Non-Newtonian Flow
Authors: Kambe Hirotaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The specific viscosity of dilute solution of cobalt stearate in benzene has been measured. Intrinsic viscosities are 3.13 for red soap and 1.81 for blue soap. The specific viscosity of benzene solution is decreased markedly by the addition of a small amount of ethanol, owing to the subsequent decrease of solubility.
The non-Newtonian flow behavior of solutions in xylene, benzene, n-heptane and toluene are shown. At higher concentrations, in particular in xylene, these solutions are Bingham plastic. In benzene and n-heptane, flow curves with different concentrations are consistent with a flow curve of Newtonian behavior, which corresponds to that of a throughout this work, and to Messrs. Minoru saturated solution in benzene. In toluene, flow curves are scattered, possibly due to the the experiments, blockage of the capillary by a piece of gel.
Different flow curves are sometimes obtained with capillaries of different bores, owing to slippage at the wall. An antithixotropic flow curve was obtained in some solutions.
Absorption Spectra and Catalytic Behavior of the Copper(II) Chelates of Some Alkylated Ethylenediamines
Authors: Ojima Heijirô , Sone Kôzô 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The absorption spectra of the copper chelates of ethylenediamine and several alkylated ethylenediamines were studied in their aqueous solutions, and an approximately linear relationship was found between the frequencies of their absorption maxima and the logarithms of their stability constants. The spectral changes caused by the addition of a strong base (sodium hydroxide) to these solutions, and the activities of these chelates to catalyze the chemilumi-nescent reaction of luminol with sodium peroxide in an alkaline solution, were also studied ; it was shown that the chelates with smaller stabilities show, in general, more drastic spectral changes and higher catalytic activities than those with larger stabilities.
Rheological Properties of Thermo-reversible Gels
Authors: Arakawa Kiyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
From the stress relaxation data of various kinds of thermo-reversible gels obtained by means of a chainomatic balance relaxometer, it has been found that:
1) The modified time-temperature superposition principle which includes the vertical shift along the log Er(t) axis as well as along the log time axis can be successfully applied to the hydrogels of agar-agar and gelatin, and composite relaxation curves are obtained with good coincidence;
2) The activation energy Δ\barH which is obtained from the τ1 vs. 1/T relation and which is regarded as the activation energy of the bond cleavage process at the junctions in the network is substantially equal to the value of the hydrogen bond in water and ethyl alcohol for the gels of the polyvinyl alcohol-glycerin-water system and for the hydrogels of agar-agar and gelatin; the value of Δ\barH is, however, a little larger for the gels of the polyvinyl alcohol-Congo red-water system.
Dehydration of Bile Acids and their Derivatives. X. A Study of the Physical Properties of Various 3α-Hydroxycholenates and their Derivatives, with Special Reference to their Optical Rotatory Dispersions
Authors: Osawa Ryuzaburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Not only ultraviolet and infrared absorption spectra but also optical rotatory dispersions of various unsaturated bile acids were studied, and most of the data were found to be in good agreement with those hitherto obtained concerning the other steroids. The determination of the rotatory dispersion gave the following results:
1) The background rotation of the saturated bile acid is not affected by the introduction of a double bond in ring B, C or D.
2) The introduction of a double bond in ring C or D does not remarkably affect the RD curve of the saturated 3-keto bile acids, while the negative drift of the RD curve given by 3-keto-Δ6-cholenic acid is so very striking that this phenomenon could be utilized for the diagnosis of Δ6-3-keto bile acids (5β).
3) The positive Cotton-effect RD curve given by a saturated 12-keto bile acid is strongly inverted by the introduction of the Δ8(14)-bond, but not by that of the Δ8-bond.
Physicochemical Studies on Cobalt Salts of Higher Fatty Acids. IX. Cobalt Complex Soap
Authors: Kambe Hirotaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Soaps of cobalt complex ions and fatty acid have been prepared and investigated. Reflection spectra and infrared spectra show that these soaps are ionic in nature, as is simple cobalt soap. The magnetic susceptibility of complex soap shows that cobalt ion is in the electronic configuration of octahedral six-covalent cobalt-(III) ion. Thermogravimetric analysis of these soaps shows that they decompose at three stages, but the precise mechanism of these reactions has not yet been determined.
Rates of Solvolysis of Substituted 4-Biphenylyldimethylcarbinyl Chlorides. A Test of the Free-energy Relationship
Authors: Inukai Takashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The rates of solvolysis of 4′-MeO-, 4′-Me-, 4′-H-, 4′-Cl-, 4′-Br- and 3′-Cl-4-biphenylyldimethylcarbinyl chlorides in 90% aqueous acetone have been determined and compared with those of the correspondingly substituted phenyldimethylcarbinyl chlorides. The effect of substituents is very much depressed in biphenyl derivatives as compared with that in phenyl derivatives, and a remarkable deviation from the linear free-enegy relationship was observed between these systems. This is attributed to the difference in the relative importance of the resonance effect and inductive effect of substituents between these two different systems.
Studies on Metal Complex Species using an Anion Exchange Resin. III. Uranium(VI)-Nitrate Complex and Zinc-Chloride Complex
Authors: Yoshimura Jun , Waki Hirohiko , Tashiro Shingo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) The “indifferent electrolyte-adding” method described in previous papers was applied to the uranyl-nitrate and to the zinc-chloride complexes. A sodium nitrate-sodium perchlorate mixed medium was employed in the former, and a sodium chloride-sodium nitrate mixed medium in the latter.
2) The predominant species of the uranyl-nitrate complex adsorbed from sodium nitrate solutions was UO2(NO3)3− at the external nitrate concentration of about 2 m and UO2(NO3)42− at the 4∼6 m concentration. The coexistence of the two species may be presumed at 2∼4 m.
3) The principal zinc-chloride complex adsorbed on the resin from the chloride solution of 0.4∼3 m was simply ZnCl42−, accompanied by a small quantity of ZnCl3− in a low ionic strength. On the other hand, the predominant species in the aqueous phase were ZnCl3− and ZnCl42− for a sodium chloride concentration of 3 m, and Zn2+ and ZnCl+ for a 0.4 m concentration. These results were approximately consistent with those obtained in a hydrochloric acid medium by other investigators.
De-localization of Bond Eigenfunctions in π-Electronic Systems. III. Non-Empirical Calculation of the π-Electronic States of the Vinyl Chloride Molecule
Authors: Takekiyo Shozaburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The π-electronic energy levels, wave functions, π-electron densities, and bond orders of the vinyl chloride molecule have been calculated by the approximate method proposed in part I. Slater orbitals have been employed for the atomic orbitals of the carbon and chlorine atoms. All kinds of overlap, single exchange, and multiple exchange integrals have been considered. The calculated values of the energies for the ground state and the first excited state are −100.56 and −87.58 eV. The values obtained by the HLSP method are −100.91 and −89.50 eV. π-Electron densities are Cl=1.957, C (in the center of the molecule) = 1.041, and C (in the edge of the molecule) = 1.002. These values, based on the HLSP method, are 1.915, 1.046 and 1.039 respectively. Bond orders between the neighboring carbon and chlorine atoms are 1.02 and 1.03 in the respective methods.
Long-chain Phosphates. II. Reactions of Crystalline Sodium Metaphosphates with Solutions of Various Metal Salts
Authors: Ohashi Shigeru , Nakamura Takashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Three kinds of crystalline sodium metaphos-phates with a long-chain structure, NaPO3-II, NaPO3-III and NaPO3-IV, were prepared, and the cation exchange reactions of the solid sodium metaphosphates with aqueous solutions of bivalent metal salts, calcium, magnesium, iron(II), cobalt(II), nickel(II) and copper(II), were investigated. The tendency of the cation exchange of the sodium metaphosphates for these metal ions, except for copper (II), decreases in the order:
NaPO3-IV\gtrapproxNaPO3-III&gt;NaPO3-II
which coincides with the order of the tendency of the hydration of the sodium metaphosphates. Only in the case of copper(II) ion were large amounts of the sodium metaphosphates dissolved in the course of the reactions.
Preparation and Properties of Alkyl Trifluorovinyl Ethers and Related Compounds
Authors: Okuhara Kunio , Baba Hajime , Kojima Rimpei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Trifluorovinyl methyl, ethyl, isopropyl and tert-butyl ethers have been prepared. These trifluorovinyl ethers show C=C absorption at such a short wavelength as 5.46∼5.50μ. The methyl and ethyl ethers can be polymerized by free-radical initiators. Halogen addition products of trifluorovinyl- and 1, 2-difluoro-2-chlorovinyl ethers have also been prepared. With α-halo or vinyl ethers, the reactions that are catalyzed by acids, including decomposition, are best interpreted as proceeding through the carbonium ion stabilized by carbonium-oxonium resonance.
Rotatory Dispersion of Metallic Co-ordination Compounds. III. Absorption Spectra and Rotatory Dispersion of Cobalt(III) Complexes of the [CoN2O4]− Type
Authors: Hidaka Jinsai , Shimura Yoichi , Tsuchida Ryutaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Three new complexes, cis(N)-K[Co(ada)2]·2.5H2O, tans(N)-K[Co(ada)2]·2H2O and cis(N)-K[Co(ata)gly]·H2O, have been synthesized. The visible and the ultraviolet absorption spectra of these complexes have been measured and discussed in relation to the geometrical structures of the complex ions compared with other complexes of the [CoN2O4]− type. Rotatory dispersion measurements have also been made for d-Na[Co en ox2] and d-K[Co en malo2].
It has been shown that the so-called anomalous rotatory dispersions of these complexes are explicable by assuming the overlap of the two inversive dispersions in their first absorption bands. The slight inversive dispersions are also observed in their second absorption band.
The Reaction of Hydrogen and Oxygen through a Silent Electric Discharge. III. The Ignition of the Hydrogen-Oxygen Gas by Silent Electric Discharge
Authors: Morinaga Kihei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ignition of a hydrogen and oxygen gas mixture by a silent electric discharge was investigated.
The quantity of electricity which must be carried in the course of the discharge before a detonation will take place is almost independent of the composition of the gas mixture. Furthermore, for a gas mixture of fixed composition, the quantity of electricity increases along with the increasing pressure of detonative gas. A tentative view of the possible mechanism of the initiation of the detonation was briefly discussed.
On the Relationship between Electronic State of Molecules and their Biological Actions. I. The Nicotinic Action of Choline Phenyl Ether and the Enzymatic Decomposition of Phenyl Acetate
Authors: Inouye Akira , Shinagawa Yoshiya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. Applying the frontier electron method of Fukui et al., it was attempted to explain the effectiveness of nicotinic action of some choline phenyl ether derivatives and the substrate specificity of some phenyl acetates in the enzymatic hydrolysis.
2. A fairly good correlation could be proved between the frontier electron density (fr) or its superdelocalizability (Sr) of a certain position of these compounds and their potency or susceptibility to hydrolysis.
3. Assuming that the active site of receptor (or enzyme) has also π-electron systems and a drug-receptor (or -enzyme) complex is formed by hyperconjugation through π-electron systems, a general formulation of the effect of such a hyperconjugation on the perturbation energy of their system was attempted. It was demonstrated, qualitatively at least, by our calculations, that the larger the fr of drug molecules or their Sr the larger the perturbation energy and so a possibility of above-mentioned correlation was predicted to some extent from the quantum-chemical basis.
Hot-atom Reaction in cis- and trans-Dinitrotetrammine Cobalt(III) Nitrate
Authors: Saito Nobufusa , Sano Hirotoshi , Tominaga Takeshi , Ambe Fumitoshi , Fujino Takeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The Szilard-Chalmers reaction of cobalt in cis- and trans-dinitrotetrammine cobalt(III) nitrate have been investigated. After a given isomer was irradiated, 60Co was found in an appreciable amount in the other isomeric form. The distribution of 60Co in cis-[Co(NH3)4·(NO2)2]NO3 irradiated for one hour is 20.5 per cent in the cis form and 11.9 per cent in the trans form. The distribution in trans-[Co(NH3)4(NO2)2]NO3·H2O is 23.3 per cent in the trans form and 6.7 per cent in the cis form. This observation is consistent with a hot-zone model, where one would except that the original configuration would not be essentially preserved.
Oxidation of Ferrous Ions in Aqueous Solutions by Cobalt-60 Gamma Rays. III. The Effect of Cupric Ion in Air-free Acidic Solutions
Authors: Hotta Hiroshi , Ohno Shin-ichi , Suzuki Nobutake 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The yield of ferric ions in the air-free ferrous acidic solutions by cobalt-60 gamma rays is reduced in the presence of cupric ion due to their reduction by the hydrogen atoms. The decrement depends on the composition of the solutions. That is, the apparent ratio of this reduction rate to the oxidation rate of the ferrous ions, estimated directly from the observed ferric yield by Eq. iiia increases with the decrease in acidity. On the other hand, the similar ratio for the reduction rate of ferric ions apparently varies according to the composition of the solutions. However, when these apparent ratios are analyzed by a fine composition of the solutions or reduced to the reaction rate for the fine species in solutions, the intrinsic ratios of the reduction rate of the free ferric and cupric ions to the oxidation rate of the free ferrous ions, by the hydrogen atoms, are 7 and 270 respectively and are independent of the composition of the solutions. On the other hand, the direct capture reaction of the cupric ions with the thermerized electrons is effective, in addition to the above reduction reaction with the hydrogen atoms, in the cupric solutions more concentrated than 0.004 m.
The Crystal Structure of d-Tris-ethylenediamine-cobalt(III) Bromide Monohydrate, d-[Co en3]Br3·H2O, and the Absolute Configuration of the d-Tris-ethylenediamine-cobalt(III) Ion, d-[Co en3]3+
Authors: Nakatsu Kazumi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The absolute crystal structure of d- [Co en3]·Br3·H2O was determined by means of X-rays. The space group is P43212-D48, with four formula units in a cell of the dimensions a=9.95 and c=16.73Å. The complex ion takes the “lei” form designated by Corey and Bailar and is in the same configuration as had been determined previously. The structure can be most easily described as consisting of layers of complex ions, two types of bromine ions and water molecules perpendicular to the c-axis. The water molecules link the positive and negative ions to form a layer.
A definition of “absolute structure” and “absolute configuration” was proposed. The absolute structure was determined by means of the X-ray absorption edge technique of Bijvoet. CuKa rays were used to observe visually the effect of the anomalous dispersion between the reflections (hkl) and (hk\barl), and quantitative measurements of the effect were attempted for some reflections. The absolute configuration of the complex ion deduced from the absolute structure of the crystal is in agreement with the one previously determined for the crystals d- and l-2[Co en3]Cl3·NaCl·6H2O.
Electronic Spectra and Electronic Structures of Some Basic Heterocyclic N-Oxides
Authors: Kubota Tanekazu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ultraviolet absorption spectra of pyrazine mono-N-oxide, 4-methylpyrimidine N-oxide and pyrazine di-N-oxide have been measured under various conditions, and band analyses of those spectra have been carried out. In order to interpret the spectra and other physicochemical properties of pyrazine di-N-oxide, semi-empirical LCAO MO calculations including the treaments of configuration interactions, have been undertaken in a manner similar to previous calculations on pyridine N-oxide. On the other hand, the spectra of pyrazine mono-N-oxide and 4-methylpyrimidine N-oxide have been interpreted on the basis of the calculated results on pyridine N-oxide described in a previous paper. The high intensity bands (278, 274 and 323.6 mμ for 4-methylpyrimidine N-oxide, pyrazine mono- and di-N-oxides respectively) can reasonably be assigned to charge transfer bands such as the 282 mμ band of pyridine N-oxide.
The above substances also exhibit weak bands in the longest wavelength region in non-polar solvents. These weak bands may possibly be due to the n→π* transitions. SMO calculations on isoquinoline N-oxide and acridine N-oxide have also been carried out with the same parameters as those in the case of pyridine N-oxide in non-polar solvents, and various physicochemical properties have been discussed on the basis of these calculations. As has been pointed out in a previous paper, the parameter for the oxygen atom used here is too small. To estimate the most reasonable value, SMO calculations were carried out many times on pyridine N-oxide, which was used as a model compound. As a result, it was found that ko (in Eq. 8) ≈0.8 is the best value.
The Crystal Structure of Nickel Dialpha-amino Isobutyrate Tetrahydrate
Authors: Noguchi Teruo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The unit cell of nickel(II) dialpha-amino isobutyrate tetrahydrate has the follwing dimensions; a=9.92, b=14.24, c=11.42Å, β=107.5°, and contains four chemical units. The space group is determined to be P21/a.
Buerger’s minimum-function method was applied to the structure analysis, and the newly designed image-seeker was used. Two of the four water molecules are coordinated to the nickel ion, forming a distorted octahedron with the carboxylic oxygen and the amino nitrogen atoms. The other two water molecules play the role of binders for these octahedrons. The chelation of the amino acid molecules is of the cis-form. The structure of the skeleton of α-amino propionic acid in this complex is not planar, in contrast to that of its free acid.
The Crystal Structure of trans-Dichloro-bisethylenediamine-cobalt(III) Nitrate, [Co en2Cl2]NO3
Authors: Ooi Shun’ichiro , Kuroya Hisao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The crystal structure of trans-[Co en2 Cl2]·NO3 has been determined by means of X-ray analysis. The space group is P21/c with two formula units in a cell of the dimensions of a=6.33Å, b=9.25Å, c=10.62Å, and β=114.5°. The crystal is composed of [Co en2 Cl2]+ and NO3−. The geometry of the complex ion herein determined is not significantly different from those reported before. It has been proposed that the nitrate ion is in a disordered arrangement.
The Production of High Specific Activities of Tin
Authors: Fukushima Shouzow , Hayashi Satori , Kume Sanshiro , Okamura Hideo , Otozai Kiyoteru , Sakamoto Koh , Tsujino Ryuzo , Yoshizawa Yasukazu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The production of high specific activities of tin, 113Sn and 117mSn, with a cyclotron had been studied. Thick target yields for the reactions (A) 113In(d,2n)113Sn, (B) 115In(α,pn)-117mSn and (C) 110Cd(α,n)113Sn+111Cd(α,2n)-113Sn+ 114Cd(α,n)117mSn were determined for several incident particle energies. The reactions A and B are available for the production of the single tin activity. Reaction C is preferable to the others in the total yields of tin activities for the energy range studied, i. e., up to the energy of about 5 MeV. per nucleon of the incident particle. A thick target yield for reaction B has also been obtained from the excitation function up to the alpha particle energy of 40 MeV. The procedures for the carrier-free isolation of the tin activity from indium and cadmium targets by coprecipitation and ion exchange have also been described.
Chemical Reaction in a Shock Wave. I. The Ignition Delay of a Hydrogen-Oxygen Mixture in a Shock Tube
Authors: Fujimoto Shiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The values of the ignition delay of a hydrogen-oxygen mixture with a diluent in the reflected shock waves were measured by using a shock tube equipped with a piezo gauge for shock velocity measurements and a photomultiplier or another piezo gauge for the measurement of the time of ignition.
There was the following relationship between the ignition delay, τ, and the temperature, Tr, behind the reflected shock wave:
log10τ[O2](mol.l−1sec.)=−9.581+3559⁄Tr
where 825≤Tr≤1360°K and 7.6×10−4≤[O2]≤3.0×10−3 mol./l. The difference between this relationship and that set forth by other authors has been discussed.