bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thymidylate synthase polymorphisms and colon cancer: Associations with tumor stage, tumor characteristics and survival
Authors: Curtin Karen , Ulrich Cornelia M. , Samowitz Wade S. , Bigler Jeannette , Caan Bette , Potter John D. , Slattery Martha L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThymidylate synthase (TS) is a key enzyme in folate metabolism, a pathway that is important in colorectal carcinogenesis. We investigated the role of functional polymorphisms in the TS 5′‐UTR promoter enhancer region (TSER, 3 or 2 repeats of a 28‐bp sequence) and the 3′‐UTR (1494delTTAAAG) and their association with colon tumor characteristics, including tumor stage and acquired mutations in p53, Ki‐ras and microsatellite instability. Data from a population‐based incident case–control colon cancer study in northern California, Utah and Minnesota (1,206 cases, 1,962 controls) was analyzed using unordered polytomous logistic regression models. In both men and women, individuals with variant TS alleles were at reduced risk of having an advanced stage tumor (metastatic disease: OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.2–0.6 vs. wildtype TSER and 3′‐UTR). Stage‐adjusted survival did not differ by genotype. Men with 1 or 2 variant alleles in both the TSER and 3′‐UTR genotypes had a 50% reduced risk of a p53‐positive tumor (OR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3–0.9 vs. homozygous wildtype TSER and 3′‐UTR). Women with 1 or 2 variant alleles for either the TSER or 3′‐UTR polymorphism had reduced risk of having any colon tumor that did not vary by mutation status. This study provides some support for associations between TS genotype and colon cancer tumor characteristics. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Restoration of FcRγ/Fyn signaling repairs central nervous system demyelination
Authors: Seiwa Chika , Yamamoto Masahiro , Tanaka Kayoko , Fukutake Masato , Ueki Toshiyuki , Takeda Shuichi , Sakai Risa , Ishige Atsushi , Watanabe Kenji , Akita Masumi , Yagi Takeshi , Tanaka Kotaro , Asou Hiroaki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDisruption of myelin causes severe neurological diseases. An understanding of the mechanisms that control myelination and remyelination is needed to develop therapeutic strategies for demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Our previous finding indicating the critical involvement of the γ chain of immunogloblin Fc receptors (FcRγ) and Fyn signaling in oligodendrocyte differentiaion and myelination demands a fundamental revision of the strategies used for MS therapy, because antigen–antibody complexes in MS patients may induce the direct dysregulation of myelination process as well as the inflammatory destruction of myelin sheath. Here we show that the FcRγ/Fyn signaling cascade is critically involved in cuprizone‐induced demyelination/remyelination, with no lymphocytic response. The levels of phosphorylated myelin basic proteins (p‐MBPs), especially the 21.5‐kDa isoform, but not the levels of total MBPs, decreased markedly during demyelination induced by aging, cuprizone treatment, and double knockout of FcRγ/Fyn genes. We also showed that the recovery from demyelination in cuprizone‐treated and aged mice is achieved after administration of the herbal medicine Ninjin'yoeito, an effective therapy targeting the FcRγ/Fyn—Rho (Rac1)—MAPK (P38 MAPK)—p‐MBPs signaling cascade. These results suggest that the restoration of FcRγ/Fyn signaling represents a new approach for the treatment of demyelinating diseases. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lysis of human chondrosarcoma cells by cytolytic T lymphocytes recognizing a MAGE‐A3 antigen presented by HLA‐A1 molecules
Authors: Bluman Eric M. , Coulie Pierre G. , Xiaojuan Sun , Machan Jason , Lin Chouzao , Meitner Patricia A. , Block Joel A. , Terek Richard M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTreatment of chondrosarcomas is limited to resection because these tumors are unresponsive to standard adjuvant treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation. We have previously shown that high‐grade chondrosarcomas express unspecified members of the Melanoma Antigen (MAGE) gene family. We show here that FS human chondrosarcoma (FS) cells express MAGE‐A3 gene and HLA‐A1 molecules. In vitro assays show that a cytolytic T‐lymphocyte clone (CTL) specific for a MAGE‐A3 peptide presented by HLA‐A1 specifically lysed FS chondrosarcoma cells. Addition of antigenic peptide did not increase the susceptibility of FS cells to CTL mediated lysis, suggesting that HLA‐A1 expression by the chondrosarcoma cells limited their susceptibility to lysis by the anti‐MAGE‐A3 CTL clone. Incubation of FS cells with 50 U/mL interferon‐γ increased surface expression of HLA class‐I molecules, increased their susceptibility to lysis, and had no effect on MAGE‐A3 gene expression. These results suggest that immunotherapy targeted against chondrosarcoma cells is possible. © 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 25:678–684, 2007
Diverse types of epineural conduits for bridging short nerve defects. An experimental study in the rabbit
Authors: Ignatiadis Ioannis A. , Yiannakopoulos Christos K. , Barbitsioti Antonia D. , Avram Adrian M. , Patralexis Haralambos G. , Tsolakis Charilaos K. , Papalois Apostolos E. , Xenakis Theodoros H. , Beris Alexandros E. , Soucacos Panayiotis N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this study the process of peripheral nerve regeneration through an epineural flap conduit was examined using four groups of 126 New Zealand rabbits. There were three study groups (A, B, and C) and 1 control group (D). A 10‐mm long sciatic nerve defect was bridged either with 3 variations of an epineural flap (Groups A, B, and C) or with a nerve autograft (Group D). Animals from all groups were examined 21, 42, and 91 days postoperatively to evaluate nerve regeneration employing light microscopy and immunocytochemistry. Nerve regeneration was studied in transverse sections at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the proximal stump. The gastrocnemius muscle contractility was also examined prior to euthanasia at 91 days postsurgery in all groups using electromyography. Immunohistochemical, histochemical and functional evaluation showed the presence of nerve regeneration resembling the control group D, especially in group A, where an advancement epineural flap was used. In this experimental model an epineural flap can be used to bridge a nerve defect successfully. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2007.
Effects of adenosine monophosphate‐activated kinase activators on bovine oocyte nuclear maturation in vitro
Authors: Bilodeau‐Goeseels Sylvie , Sasseville Maxime , Guillemette Christine , Richard François J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an activator of AMPK (5‐aminoimidazole‐4‐carboxamide 1‐β‐D‐ribofuranoside (AICAR)) on bovine oocyte nuclear maturation in vitro. After 7 hr of culture, AICAR (1 mM) significantly increased the percentages of cumulus‐enclosed oocytes (CEO) and denuded oocytes (DO) remaining at the germinal vesicle stage. After 22 hr of culture, AICAR significantly reduced the percentage of CEO reaching metaphase II (MII). AICAR at 1.0 mM also increased the inhibitory effect of the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin in CEO; however, at 0.05 mM, AICAR increased the percentage of oocytes at MII after 22 hr of culture compared to forskolin alone. The adenosine kinase inhibitor 5′‐aminodeoxyadenosine reversed the effect of AICAR in CEO and DO showing that phosphorylation of AICAR by adenosine kinase is required for its inhibitory activity. GMP, but not AMP, inhibited meiosis in CEO and DO; however, inhibition of guanyl and adenyl nucleotides synthesis did not reverse the effect of AICAR suggesting that the inhibitory effect of AICAR is not due to increased synthesis of these nucleotides. Metformin, another activator of AMPK, also inhibited GVBD in CEO and DO. The α‐1 isoform of the catalytic subunit of AMPK was detected in oocytes and cumulus cells, and reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction experiments showed the presence of transcripts for α‐1, α‐2, β‐1, and γ‐3 isoforms of the regulatory subunits in cumulus cells and oocytes. These data show that the AMPK activator AICAR is inhibitory to nuclear maturation in bovine oocytes due to activation of AMPK. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 74: 1021–1034, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Advantages of multiple markers and polar body analysis in preimplantation genetic diagnosis for Alagille disease
Authors: Renbaum P. , Brooks B. , Kaplan Y. , Eldar‐Geva T. , Margalioth E J. , Levy‐Lahad E. , Altarescu G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveThe development of a preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) protocol for Alagille syndrome (AGS), a rare autosomal dominant disorder with hepatic, cardiac and ophthalmologic involvement.MethodsWe developed a polar body (PB)‐based multiplex fluorescent PCR reaction for a female affected with AGS. The protocol included analysis of the Jagged 1 (JAG1) familial mutation and five closely linked highly polymorphic markers (D20S162, D20S901, D20S894, and D20S186).ResultsIn two cycles of PGD 9 of ten embryos were accurately diagnosed by assessment of first and second PBs, one embryo required additional blastomere biopsy.ConclusionsThis protocol takes advantage of the larger window of opportunity for transfer and the increased accuracy of diagnosis afforded by the combination of PB biopsy and multiple marker analysis. Two cycles resulted in the transfer of two and three mutation‐free embryos and a subsequent pregnancy as measured by the rising hCG levels. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two‐way trafficking of Annexin V positive cells between mother and fetus: determination of apoptosis at delivery
Authors: Kolialexi A. , Tsangaris G.Th , Anagnostopoulos A. , Chondros D. , Bagiokos V. , Kitsiou S. , Kanavakis E. , Mavrou A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to quantitate apoptosis in maternal circulation and umbilical cord blood (UCB) at delivery. The proportion of fetal cells in maternal blood as well as that of maternal cells in UCB was also determined.Material and MethodsThree milliliters of peripheral blood was collected from nine women during labor. Five women delivered males and four delivered females. Immediately after delivery, 3 mL UCB was collected. Ten microliters was used to quantitate apoptosis by the ethidium bromide assay (EthBr) and from the remaining blood, Annexin V positive cells were isolated by MACS.ResultsThe Median apoptosis rate in maternal samples was 25% (19–34) and in UCB 20% (16–28). Annexin V positive cells were present in all samples analyzed. As shown by Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in maternal samples, cells with an XY hybridization pattern were identified in cases with male newborns in a median concentration of 1.7% (1.6–2.1). On the corresponding UCB, a median of 1.2% (0.8‐1.6) XX cells were detected.ConclusionThe study demonstrates the existence of a bidirectional transfer of fetal and maternal cells under apoptosis across the placenta and provides useful information regarding use of UCB for transplantation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Single umbilical artery and its siding in the second trimester of pregnancy: relation to chromosomal defects
Authors: Lubusky Marek , Dhaifalah Ishraq , Prochazka Martin , Hyjanek Jiri , Mickova Ivana , Vomackova Katherine , Santavy Jiri 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the possible association between single umbilical artery (SUA) in the second trimester of pregnancy and the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities. To determine whether the presence of chromosomal defects in fetuses with SUA is related to the side of the missing artery.MethodsColor flow imaging of the fetal pelvis was used to determine the number of umbilical arteries in 2147 fetuses immediately before amniocentesis for karyotyping in the second trimester of pregnancy.ResultsSUA was diagnosed in 102/2147 (4.8%) cases. The left umbilical artery was absent in 60/102 (58.8%) fetuses, compared with the 42/102 (41.2%) for the right artery. The rate of chromosome abnormalities was significantly higher among fetuses with SUA than among those with 2 umbilical arteries (19/102 or 18.6% versus 109/2045 or 5.3%; OR = 4.1, 95% CI 2.3–7.1, p < 0.0001). Among fetuses with SUA, there was no significant difference in the rate of chromosome abnormalities between those with absence of the left versus the right artery (11/60 or 18.3% versus 8/42 or 19.0%, p = 0.93). There was an SUA in 5/39 (12.8%) cases with trisomy 21, 8/16 (50%) with trisomy 18, 1/4 (25%) with trisomy 13 and 5/69 (7.2%) with other chromosomal defects. There were no chromosome abnormalities in fetuses where a single umbilical artery was an isolated sonographic finding. All fetuses with SUA and chromosomal defects had associated abnormalities detected by ultrasound.ConclusionA single umbilical artery (SUA) in the second trimester of pregnancy has a high association with trisomy 18, 13, 21 and other chromosomal defects, but all chromosomally abnormal fetuses had associated malformations detected by ultrasound. The absence of the left artery is more frequent than the absence of the right artery. The association with chromosomal abnormalities seems to be equal on each side. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complete chorioamniotic membrane separation with fetal restrictive dermopathy in two consecutive pregnancies
Authors: Kim Young Nam , Jeong Dae Hoon , Jeong Su Jeon , Sung Moon Su , Kang Mi Seon , Kim Ki Tae 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo describe an instance of complete chorion‐amnion membrane separation with fetal restrictive dermopathy in two consecutive pregnancies.MethodsWe performed prenatal ultrasounds in two consecutive pregnancies and evaluated gross and microscopic postnatal findings.ResultsThe first pregnancy ended at 32 weeks of gestation with spontaneous chorioamniotic membrane separation and preterm premature rupture of membranes. The mother delivered an abnormal male infant with generalized fixed joint contractures, rigid and shiny skin, skin laceration around the neck, a rounded and opened mouth, and palpebral conjunctival eversion. The subsequent pregnancy was also complicated by spontaneous complete chorioamniotic membrane separation, oligohydramnios, and fetal growth restriction at 26 + 3 weeks of gestation. A immaturely born second baby also carried multiple anomalies similar to those of the first. Both infants died shortly after birth. After microscopic examination of the skin, we diagnosed the infant as restrictive dermopathy.ConclusionsComplete separation of the chorion‐amnion membrane may be regarded as a serious prenatal condition. Restrictive dermopathy or skin disorders caused by defects in collagen or elastic tissue metabolism may be one of the many causes of chorion‐amnion separation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vaccines and changes in coagulation parameters in adults on chronic warfarin therapy: a cohort study
Authors: Jackson Michael L. , Nelson Jennifer C. , Chen Robert T. , Davis Robert L. , Jackson Lisa A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPurposeWarfarin is commonly used among patients who receive influenza, pneumococcal, and tetanus and diphtheria toxoid vaccines, and persons on warfarin therapy may also receive Hepatitis A vaccine. There has been concern that vaccinations could potentially alter coagulation parameters in patients on warfarin therapy. We sought to determine whether vaccinations are associated with changes in International Normalized Ratio (INR) in persons on long‐term warfarin therapy.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of 5167 members of Group Health, a health maintenance organization (HMO) in western Washington State, who were aged 18 years and older and who were on stable long‐term warfarin therapy between 1 January 1992 and 31 December 2003. We made within‐person comparisons between mean INR values in the 28 days after receipt of influenza, pneumococcal, tetanus, or hepatitis A vaccine versus mean INR values during other times.ResultsReceipt of influenza vaccine was not associated with a change in INR value (mean change, 0.01; 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.01 to 0.03); similar results were observed for pneumococcal (mean change 0.01; 95%CI −0.07 to 0.09), tetanus (mean change 0.03; 95%CI −0.03 to 0.10), and hepatitis A vaccines (mean change 0.03; 95%CI −0.10 to 0.14).ConclusionsOur results do not suggest that vaccinations lead to clinically significant alterations in coagulation measures among adults on chronic warfarin therapy. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polypropylene/styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene thermoplastic elastomer nanocomposite films
Authors: Small Christopher M. , McNally Gerard M. , McShane Paul , Kenny Ian 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNanocomposite (polypropylene/styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene/organoclay) films were sheet‐extruded with differing clay concentrations. Blends were compounded using a high shear single screw reciprocating kneader. Results demonstrated that higher clay content increased the Shore A hardness of the films but induced a significant improvement in both O2 and CO2 barrier performance. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 13:46–52, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Phospholipase a activity of cultured rat ventricular myocyte is affected by the nature of cellular polyunsaturated fatty acids
Authors: Nalbone Gilles , Grynberg Alain , Chevalier Annick , Leonardi Jeannie , Termine Elise , Lafont Huguette 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFatty acid composition of membrane phospholipids of cultured cardiomycotes can be modified by the type of polyunsaturated fatty acids (n−3 or n−6 PUFA) constituting the culture medium. In this study, we investigated the effect of fatty acid modification on the activities of the key enzymes involved in the deacylation‐reacylation cycle of membrane phospholipids.Results showed that cardiomyocytes grown in the presence of n−6 PUFA exhibited a higher specific alkaline phospholipase A (mainly A2) activity (+34%) and a moderately lower lysophospholipase activity(−17%) than when incubated with n−3 PUFA. AcylCoA:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase, acid lysosomal phospholipase A1 and acylCoA synthetase activities were not significantly altered by changes in cellular PUFA composition. It was demonstrated that the differences between phospholipase A activities of the two types of cultured cells were linked neither to a differential leakage of enzyme nor to oxidative injury to the enzyme through blockage of essential sulfhydryl groups. One likely explanation is that the PUFA‐induced changes in membrane composition alter membrane physical properties which, in turn, affect membrane‐bound phospholipase A activity. Possible beneficial effects of the n−3 PUFA‐induced changes on membrane stability are discussed.
Identification of carrot inositol phospholipids by fats atom bombardment mass spectrometry
Authors: van Breemen Richard B. , Wheeler Jeffery J. , Boss Wendy F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInositol phospholipids from carrot cell membranes grown in suspension cultured were purified by thinlayer chromatography (TLC) or column chromatography and tentatively identified by co‐migration on TLC with animal inositol phospholipid standards. For more rigorous chemical characterization, carrot inositol phospholipids were then analyzed by negative ion fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FABMS). One phosphatidylinositol (PI), two lysophosphatidylinositols (LPI), and one phosphatidylinositol monophosphate (PIP) were identified in the carrot samples by the observation of ions [M‐H]− and numerous fragment ions in the negative FAB mass spectra. MS/MS analysis were carried out to obtain further structural information of these phospholipids using a double‐focusing mass spectrometer in which the magnetic sector (B) and the electrostatic analyzer (E) were scanned at a constant ratio (B/E). These B/E linked scans provided fragment ions of selected precursor ions while eliminating matrix and other contaminating ions. No molecular ions were detected for lysophosphatidylinositol monophosphate (LPIP) or phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2), but fragment ions corresponding to these structures were observed. The primary fatty acids present in the carrot inositol phospholipids were linoleic (18∶2) and palmitic (16∶0) acids, whereas animal lipids contained arachidonic (20∶4), stearic (18∶0), linoleic, and palmitic acids. The only phosphatidylinositol found in carrot cells was palmitoyl linoleoyl PI.
Effect of dietary α‐linolenic acid on n−3 fatty acids of rainbow trout lipids
Authors: Sowizral Karen C. , Rumsey Gary L. , Kinsella John E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effects of α‐linolenic acid enriched diets on the lipid composition of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) muscle and liver were determined. Diets containing 0, 4, 10 or 20% (wt/wt) linseed oil were fed to 280 trout for up to 64 days. Linolenic acid levels in total lipid, neutral lipid and phospholipid of liver and muscle increased with duration of intake. The linolenic acid content of total lipid in muscle increased from 10 mg to 355 mg/100 g flesh. There was no significant increase in the elongated desaturated products, i.e., eicosapentaenoic or docosahexaenoic acids, in either tissue during the feeding period.
Fatty acid hydroxylase system in the Japanese harvest mouse,Micromys minutus
Authors: Miura Yoshiro , Hisaki Harumi , Oda Sen‐ichi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLiver microsomes of the Japanese harvest mouse (Micromys minutus), which is the smallest known mammal among rodents, catalyze the hydroxylation of various fatty acids (C8 to C18) to the corresponding ω‐hydroxy and (ω‐1)‐hydroxy derivatives. Although laurate is most effectively hydroxylated among saturated fatty acids by liver microsomes of other species, harvest mouse liver microsomes most effectively catalyze the hydroxylation of decanoate. From inhibitor and cofactor studies, and from the substrate specificity for hydroxylation, it was concluded that ω‐ and (ω‐1)‐hydroxylation of fatty acids are catalyzed by different cytochrome P‐450 species in the liver microsomes of the harvest mouse.
Associations of work–family conflicts with food habits and physical activity
Authors: Roos Eva , Sarlio-Lähteenkorva Sirpa , Lallukka Tea , Lahelma Eero 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveThis study examines the relationship between family–work conflicts with food habits and physical activity, and whether the relationship is dependent on family structure and work-related factors.Design and settingCross-sectional postal surveys were carried out in 2001 and 2002 among employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland, aged 40–60 years (n = 5346, response rate 66%; for women 70% and for men 60%). Dependent variables in logistic regression analyses were nationally recommended food habits and physical activity. Independent variables were work–family conflicts and family–work conflicts. Covariates included age, marital status, number of children, occupational class, working hours, time travelling to work, and physical and mental work load.ResultsWomen reporting strong work–family conflicts were more likely to follow recommended food habits (odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals 1.49 (1.19–1.86)), but this relationship weakened when adjusting for work-related factors (OR 1.20 (0.93–1.55)). Women and men with strong family–work conflicts were less likely to report recommended food habits after adjusting for family structure and work-related factors (women OR 0.75 (0.61–0.92), men OR 0.57 (0.34–0.96)). Women and men with strong work–family conflicts were less likely to follow the recommended amount of physical activity (women OR 0.76 (0.60–0.96), men OR 0.54 (0.34–0.87)). Additionally, women with strong family–work conflicts were less likely to follow the recommended amount of physical activity (OR 0.77 (0.63–0.94)). Adjusting for family and work-related factors did not affect these associations.ConclusionsConflicts between paid work and family life are likely to constitute barriers for a physically active lifestyle and possibly also for healthy food habits. Improving the balance between work and family may provide a route for promoting health-related behaviours.