bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of adolescent social inclusion in educational attainment among vulnerable youth
Authors: Renner Heidi M. , Rowland Bosco , Hutchinson Delyse , Toumbourou John W. 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundCompleting high school enables access to educational and employment opportunities associated with better physical and mental health and improved quality of life. Identifying modifiable factors that promote optimal educational trajectories for youth experiencing disadvantage is an important research focus. Social inclusion has been theorised to play a role in promoting better educational outcomes for this priority population, however limited research has examined this relationship.MethodThis study used three waves of data from the state‐representative Australian arm of the International Youth Development Study (IYDS) (youngest cohort, N = 733; 54% female, 95% Australian born) to examine the extent to which vulnerability in primary school (Grade 5; Mage = 10.97, SD = 0.38) and social inclusion in mid‐adolescence (Year 10; Mage = 15.50, SD = 0.53), were associated with school completion in young adulthood (post‐secondary; Mage = 19.02, SD = 0.43).ResultsRegression models identified an interaction between social inclusion and vulnerability (OR = 1.37, 95% CI [1.06, 1.77], p = .016), indicating that the association between vulnerability and school completion varied as a student's level of social inclusion increased. Higher social inclusion was beneficial for youth with lower levels of vulnerability but did not appear to influence school completion for the most vulnerable students.ConclusionsFor many young people, promoting social inclusion may support engagement in education and play a protective role. However, further research is needed to better understand the role of social inclusion for highly vulnerable youth, particularly the mechanisms via which social inclusion may have differential effects on school completion.
Temporal Gestures in Different Temporal Perspectives
Authors: Akbuğa Emir , Göksun Tilbe 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTemporal perspectives allow us to place ourselves and temporal events on a timeline, making it easier to conceptualize time. This study investigates how we take different temporal perspectives in our temporal gestures. We asked participants (n = 36) to retell temporal scenarios written in the Moving‐Ego, Moving‐Time, and Time‐Reference‐Point perspectives in spontaneous and encouraged gesture conditions. Participants took temporal perspectives mostly in similar ways regardless of the gesture condition. Perspective comparisons showed that temporal gestures of our participants resonated better with the Ego‐ (i.e., Moving‐Ego and Moving‐Time) versus Time‐Reference‐Point distinction instead of the classical Moving‐Ego versus Moving‐Time contrast. Specifically, participants mostly produced more Moving‐Ego and Time‐Reference‐Point gestures for the corresponding scenarios and speech; however, the Moving‐Time perspective was not adopted more than the others in any condition. Similarly, the Moving‐Time gestures did not favor an axis over the others, whereas Moving‐Ego gestures were mostly sagittal and Time‐Reference‐Point gestures were mostly lateral. These findings suggest that we incorporate temporal perspectives into our temporal gestures to a considerable extent; however, the classical Moving‐Ego and Moving‐Time classification may not hold for temporal gestures.
Large Language Models: A Historical and Sociocultural Perspective
Authors: Ji Eugene Yu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis letter explores the intricate historical and contemporary links between large language models (LLMs) and cognitive science through the lens of information theory, statistical language models, and socioanthropological linguistic theories. The emergence of LLMs highlights the enduring significance of information‐based and statistical learning theories in understanding human communication. These theories, initially proposed in the mid‐20th century, offered a visionary framework for integrating computational science, social sciences, and humanities, which nonetheless was not fully fulfilled at that time. The subsequent development of sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology, especially since the 1970s, provided critical perspectives and empirical methods that both challenged and enriched this framework. This letter proposes that two pivotal concepts derived from this development, metapragmatic function and indexicality, offer a fruitful theoretical perspective for integrating the semantic, textual, and pragmatic, contextual dimensions of communication, an amalgamation that contemporary LLMs have yet to fully achieve. The author believes that contemporary cognitive science is at a crucial crossroads, where fostering interdisciplinary dialogues among computational linguistics, social linguistics and linguistic anthropology, and cognitive and social psychology is in particular imperative. Such collaboration is vital to bridge the computational, cognitive, and sociocultural aspects of human communication and human−AI interaction, especially in the era of large language and multimodal models and human‐centric Artificial Intelligence (AI).
Decoding human in vitro terminal erythropoiesis originating from umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells and pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Wang Xiaoling , Zhang Wei , Zhao Siqi , Yan Hao , Xin Zijuan , Cui Tiantian , Zang Ruge , Zhao Lingping , Wang Haiyang , Zhou Junnian , Li Xuan , Yue Wen , Xi Jiafei , Zhang Zhaojun , Fang Xiangdong , Pei Xuetao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEx vivo red blood cell (RBC) production generates unsatisfactory erythroid cells. A deep exploration into terminally differentiated cells is required to understand the impairments for RBC generation and the underlying mechanisms. Here, we mapped an atlas of terminally differentiated cells from umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCBMN) and pluripotent stem cells (PSC) and observed their dynamic regulation of erythropoiesis at single‐cell resolution. Interestingly, we detected a few progenitor cells and non‐erythroid cells from both origins. In PSC‐derived erythropoiesis (PSCE), the expression of haemoglobin switch regulators (BCL11A and ZBTB7A) were significantly absent, which could be the restraint for its adult globin expression. We also found that PSCE were less active in stress erythropoiesis than in UCBMN‐derived erythropoiesis (UCBE), and explored an agonist of stress erythropoiesis gene, TRIB3, could enhance the expression of adult globin in PSCE. Compared with UCBE, there was a lower expression of epigenetic‐related proteins (e.g., CASPASE 3 and UBE2O) and transcription factors (e.g., FOXO3 and TAL1) in PSCE, which might restrict PSCE's enucleation. Moreover, we characterized a subpopulation with high proliferation capacity marked by CD99high in colony‐forming unit‐erythroid cells. Inhibition of CD99 reduced the proliferation of PSC‐derived cells and facilitated erythroid maturation. Furthermore, CD99–CD99 mediated the interaction between macrophages and erythroid cells, illustrating a mechanism by which macrophages participate in erythropoiesis. This study provided a reference for improving ex vivo RBC generation.
Self‐change from problems with alcohol and drugs: A scoping review of the literature since 2010
Authors: De Meyer Florian , Bencherif Nellie , De Ruysscher Clara , Lippens Lou , Vanderplasschen Wouter 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIssuesSelf‐change from alcohol and drug use problems is increasingly acknowledged in research. Despite the growing number of published studies, the most recent broad review of this dispersed field dates back to 2010. The present review narratively synthesises key findings from empirical studies and critically identifies research gaps and directions for further research.ApproachFollowing the PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews, a systematic search was conducted in multiple scientific databases, resulting in the identification of 56 relevant articles with explicit empirical results on self‐change.Key FindingsThe scoping review presents findings related to: (i) methods and definitions used; (ii) the prevalence of self‐change; (iii) indicators of self‐change; (iv) the process of self‐change; and (v) population views on self‐change.ConclusionThe review highlights the significant growth in research on self‐change considering key themes as well as the need for a relational and time‐bound approach to self‐change in research and practice.
Echinacoside promotes osteogenesis and angiogenesis and inhibits osteoclast formation
Authors: Yi Qingqing , Sun Miaomiao , Jiang Guowei , Liang Pengchen , Chang Qing , Yang Rong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this research is to demonstrate echinacoside promotes osteogenesis and angiogenesis and inhibits osteoclast formation.MethodsWe conducted a cell experiment in vitro to study how echinacoside affects angiogenesis, osteogenesis and osteoclast formation. We used polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting to detect the expression levels of proteins and genes related to angiogenesis, osteogenesis and osteoclast formation. We established a bone fracture model with rats to test angiogenesis, osteogenesis and osteoclast formation of echinacoside. We labelled osteogenic markers, blood vessels and osteoclastic markers in fracture sections of rats.ResultsThe in vitro cell experiments showed echinacoside improved the osteogenic activity of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor cells and promoted the migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In addition, it inhibited differentiation of mouse leukaemia cells of monocyte macrophage. Echinacoside increased the expression of related proteins and genes and improved angiogenesis and osteogenesis while inhibiting osteoclast formation by repressing the expression of related proteins and genes. From in vivo experiments, the results of IHC and HE experiments demonstrated echinacoside significantly decreased the content of MMP‐9 and improved the content of VEGF and OCN. The fluorescence immunoassay showed echinacoside promoted the activities of RUNX2 and VEGF and inhibited CTSK. Echinacoside reduced the content of TNF‐α, IL‐1β and IL‐6, thus demonstrating its anti‐inflammatory activity.ConclusionEchinacoside improved angiogenesis and osteogenesis and inhibited osteoclast formation to promote fracture healing.
Dosing‐time, feeding, and sex‐dependent variations of everolimus pharmacokinetics in mice
Authors: Ozturk Civelek Dilek , Ozturk Seyhan Narin , Akyel Yasemin Kubra , Gazioglu Isil , Pala Kara Zeliha , Orman Mehmet N. , Okyar Alper 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundEverolimus is an oral mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor used as an immunosuppressant and anticancer. Its pharmacokinetics is highly variable, it has a narrow therapeutic window and shows chronotoxicity with the best time at ZT13 and worst time at ZT1 (ZT; Zeitgeber time, time after light onset) in the preclinical setting.ObjectivesIn the present study, we aimed to investigate whether the pharmacokinetics of everolimus vary according to dosing time and whether sex and feeding status interfere with the chronopharmacokinetics.MethodA single dosage of 5 mg/kg everolimus was administered orally to C57BL/6J male and female mice, in fed or fasted states at ZT1‐rest and ZT13‐activity times and blood and tissue samples were collected at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 12, and 24 h following drug administration. Ileum, liver, plasma, and thymus concentrations of everolimus were determined.ResultsFemales had a greater ileum AUC0–24h than males when fed (P = 0.043). Everolimus AUC0–24h in the liver was substantially greater at ZT1 than at ZT13 in a fasted state (P = 0.001). Plasma Cmax, AUC0–24h, and AUCtotal were not statistically significant between the groups (P = 0.098). In one of the target organs of everolimus, the thymus, males had considerably higher amounts at ZT1 than females (P = 0.029).ConclusionOur findings imply that the pharmacokinetics of everolimus in mice may differ according to dosing time, sex, and feeding. Greater tissue distribution of everolimus at ZT1 may be associated with the worst tolerated time of everolimus. Our research suggests that oral chronomodulated everolimus therapy may be more effective and safer for cancer patients.
Whether you've tied the knot shouldn't matter: Anyone, regardless of marital status, should be permitted to adopt in New York if it is in the child's best interests
Authors: Struck Melissa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNew York Domestic Relations Law Section 110, which outlines who can adopt, precludes married petitioners from adopting without their spouse joining in the adoption petition, even when all parties involved support the adoption, and it is in the child's best interests. Some judges have prioritized the child's best interests and granted adoptions in such cases, while others have rigidly construed the statute and denied them. Amending the statute so that anyone can adopt, regardless of marital status, if it is in the child's best interests would ensure the child's best interests are the judicial system's primary consideration in approving adoptions.
Genetic diversity and population structure of the endangered saproxylic beetle L. cervus in a fragmented landscape
Authors: Melosik Iwona , Lewandowska‐Wosik Anetta , Sobczyńska Urszula , Dabert Mirosława , Mleczak Mariusz , Baraniak Edward 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Despite the significance of saproxylic beetle species for ecosystems, the investigation of fine‐scale population genetics within the stag beetle, Lucanus cervus, remains notably limited. Because of their limited dispersal distances and habitat fragmentation, high genetic structure and low genetic diversity are expected in its populations.
To evaluate the impact of habitat fragmentation on genetic diversity and structure, we examined 150 specimens of L. cervus from three sites in western Poland: two forest stands and one stand located in an Oak avenue. We utilised 19 microsatellite DNA loci for this examination.
Results of neighbour‐joining analysis and principal coordinates analysis, values of differentiation indexes (G'ST, D(Jost) and FST) and rare/private allele frequencies indicated weak genetic differentiation among individuals collected from the tree sites. A spatial component to the genetic structure was identified through STRUCTURE (LOCPRIOR), isolation by distance tests and spatial autocorrelation analysis. The genetic diversity remained relatively high (HE: 0.49–0.51), with no inbreeding observed and no significant differences in mean relatedness among individuals from sampling sites.
Limited genetic differentiation between the individuals of L. cervus from the investigated sites may result from a lag time since fragment isolation, unrestricted gene flow and marker/sample size limitations. Though weak, the significant differentiation between two of the sites may be linked to environmental differences and distance. Genetic data support treating individuals from forests as a single management unit. Non‐invasive sampling suffices for genetic studies, but achieving balanced sampling is crucial for precise historical demography estimates of endangered species.
Nisin as a food preservative: physicochemical, sensory properties and antimicrobial activity in Mexican tomato sauce
Authors: Cedillo Olivos Ana Elena , Linares‐Castañeda Alejandra , Corzo‐Ríos Luis Jorge , Márquez‐Lemus Mario , Jiménez‐Martínez Cristian 
Published: March 2024

SummaryBiopreservation is a technique that utilises natural microbiota and antimicrobial products to extend the shelf life of food in a controlled manner. Nisin, bacteriocins, is used commonly in meat and dairy items and is acknowledged as safe by the FDA under the acronym GRAS. Tomato sauce is an essential component of Mexican cuisine but has a limited shelf life. Nisin (0.01%, 0.1% and 0.2%) was used as a preservative to preserve its physicochemical and microbiological properties. The results were compared with those of a control group (with no preservative) and a sample that used potassium sorbate (0.2%) as a preservative. The Mexican tomato sauces were stored at 4, 20 and 35 °C for 180 days to test their stability. The results indicated that the nisin‐preserved Mexican tomato sauces remained stable at all three temperatures for 180 days. In addition, the sauce preserved with 0.01% nisin was preferred by untrained panellists, as it maintained its desirable taste and texture. The sauces preserved with 0.1% and 0.2% nisin exhibited no significant changes in their physicochemical properties. However, after 150 days of preservation, there was a noticeable difference in the antimicrobial activity of the nisin‐containing sauces compared with the sauce with sorbate and the control sauce without any additives. Based on the product's unique characteristics and physicochemical, microbiological and sensory properties, nisin can serve as a natural preservative for Mexican tomato sauces.
Biofunctional features of Pickering emulsified film from citrus peel pectin/limonene oil/nanocrystalline cellulose
Authors: Kusuma Gracella , Marcellino Vincensius , Wardana Ata Aditya , Wigati Laras Putri , Liza Chandra , Wulandari Retno , Setiarto Raden Haryo Bimo , Tanaka Fumina , Tanaka Fumihiko , Ramadhan Wahyu 
Published: March 2024

SummaryThe application of edible films can be an alternative solution for maintaining the quality of post‐harvest horticultural commodities. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding a stabiliser, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), on the functional characteristics of citrus peel pectin and limonene essential oil (LEO)‐based coatings. A formulation comprising pectin (0.5%), CNC (0.075%) and LEO (0.5%) was prepared. The CNC morphology (nanometre scale) was nanorods with pointed ends on both sides, revealed with atomic force microscopy. Gas chromatography–mass‐spectrometry verified the main component of LEO, d‐limonene. All prepared film‐forming solution showed good stability with zeta potential values ranging from −76.34 to −35.33 mV. The developed film had a rougher surface due to the presence of oil aggregates and CNC agglomeration during film preparation. The addition of Pickering emulsion showed improvements in terms of mechanical properties (tensile strength 23.61 MPa, and elongation 65.87%), water barrier and the film clarity compared with regular emulsions with synthetic surfactants. It effectively inhibited the growth of harmful microbes that cause the rotting of fresh fruits, i.e., Penicilium digitatum, by 3.87% and 14.83% compared to the conventional emulsion and pectin‐based film, respectively, through the well diffusion test method. Thus, the combination of pectin/CNC/LEO can be used as an alternative active coating for fresh fruit commodities.
Characterisation of functional pea protein hydrolysates and their immunomodulatory activity
Authors: Liu Hui , Wang Jinping , Liu Yingjun , Bi Huimin , Zhou Xuesong , Wen Lingrong , Yang Bao 
Published: March 2024

SummaryPea proteins has been widely used in food industry due to its functionality and health benefits. Pea peptides derived from pea proteins are considered as promising source of novel functional food. However, the chemical structure of pea peptides with immunomodulatory activity remains unclear. In this work, 46 pea peptides with molecular weight from 533.28 to 1462.78 were identified from pea protein hydrolysates. The hydrolysates could significantly increase the immunomodulatory activity of the macrophages by elevation of phagocytic activity, promoting the production of nitric oxide and pro‐inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α and IL‐6) at the doses of 0.25–1.0 mg mL−1. Moreover, upregulation of iNOS, TNF‐α and IL‐6 were related to the activity of pea protein hydrolysates. Fourteen peptides with activity scores > 0.3 showed good affinity with TLR4/MD‐2 by molecular docking. TLR4 activation was involved in the immunomodulatory activity of bioactive pea peptides through a hydrogen bond, Pi‐cation, Pi‐Sigma, Pi‐Pi stacked and/or Pi‐Pi T‐shaped interactions respectively. The above results indicated that pea peptides could be used as healthy food with immunomodulatory function, promoting the development of pea proteins in the functional food industry.
Low oxygen concentration alleviates banana peel browning by inhibiting membrane lipid oxidation and polyphenol oxidase activity
Authors: Ren Zixing , Liu Yuxin , Huang Jizhen , An Liangliang , Zhang Ya , Yang Wenjin , Lei Tingyao 
Published: March 2024

SummaryBananas, a common fruit in our daily diet, often develop physiological disorders during the late ripening period, resulting in browning, which reduces their suitability for consumption. In this study, we inhibited the browning phenomenon by reducing the oxygen concentration to improve their storage period. Compared with banana fruit treated with high oxygen concentration, banana fruit treated with low oxygen concentration had higher hardness and significantly delayed weight loss. The analysis showed that low oxygen concentration enhanced the antioxidant capacity of banana skin cells by maintaining the DPPH scavenging capacity of antioxidant substances in the banana peel. The activity of the membrane‐degrading enzyme LOX is reduced, and the permeability of the cells is reduced, thus maintaining the structural integrity of the cells. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed that the integrity of the cell membrane was well maintained under low oxygen concentration, which restricted the reaction of phenols and PPO enzymes to produce quinones under the action of oxygen, and inhibited the browning phenomenon. These results suggest that low oxygen concentrations inhibit banana Browning by maintaining the structural integrity of cell membranes.
Early life imprinting of intestinal immune tolerance and tissue homeostasis
Authors: Paucar Iza Yoselin A. , Brown Chrysothemis C. 
Published: March 2024

SummaryBesides its canonical role in protecting the host from pathogens, the immune system plays an arguably equally important role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Within barrier tissues that interface with the external microenvironment, induction of immune tolerance to innocuous antigens, such as commensal, dietary, and environmental antigens, is key to establishing immune homeostasis. The early postnatal period represents a critical window of opportunity in which parallel development of the tissue, immune cells, and microbiota allows for reciprocal regulation that shapes the long‐term immunological tone of the tissue and subsequent risk of immune‐mediated diseases. During early infancy, the immune system appears to sacrifice pro‐inflammatory functions, prioritizing the establishment of tissue tolerance. In this review, we discuss mechanisms underlying early life windows for intestinal tolerance with a focus on newly identified RORγt+ antigen‐presenting cells–Thetis cells–and highlight the role of the intestinal microenvironment in shaping intestinal immune system development and tolerance.