bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State of head and neck surgical oncology research—A review and critical appraisal of landmark studies
Authors: Higgins Kevin M. , Wang Jenny R. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractSurgical literature has been criticized for the lack of high‐quality research. The present review examines methodological quality of literature published in head and neck surgical oncology. We focus on landmark studies published on topics of best practice controversy, namely (1) the role of chemotherapy and organ‐preservation protocols in the management of head and neck mucosal malignancies; (2) the role of selective neck dissection versus radical neck dissection; and (3) the role of laser microsurgery in the management of larynx cancer. Similar flaws were evident in selected landmark studies with the major issue being multiplicity in the form of multiple outcome analysis, comparison of multiple treatment groups, repeated measures over time, planned interim analyses, and subgroup analyses. The open nonrandomized controlled trial may be a feasible option in head and neck surgical research allowing for standardization, uniformity, consistency, and blinded outcome assessment. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 2008
Treatment results of bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws
Authors: Wutzl Arno , Biedermann Edwin , Wanschitz Felix , Seemann Rudolf , Klug Clemens , Baumann Arnulf , Watzinger Franz , Schicho Kurt , Ewers Rolf , Millesi Gabriele 
Published: July 2008

AbstractBackground.Osteonecrosis of the jaws occurs after the administration of bisphosphonates. An unequivocal treatment strategy is yet to be devised. We assess the treatment of patients with bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ).Methods.The investigators studied a prospective cohort of 58 patients 6 months after surgical treatment of BRONJ. Outcome variables were the status of the mucosa, the visual analog score of pain, and prosthetic rehabilitation. Preoperative staging results were compared with the postoperative outcome and statistically evaluated.Results.Of 58 patients, 41 surgically treated patients could be followed up after a mean period of 189 (±23) days. Twenty‐four (58.5%) were free of pain and had an intact mucosa. A statistically significant improvement was registered between preoperative and postoperative staging (p <.01); 11 of 12 patients who had been treated with a flap procedure for soft tissue closure had an intact mucosa.Conclusions.This is the first prospective study to report the outcome of treatment in a cohort of patients with BRONJ. Minimal resection of necrotic bone and local soft tissue closure might be a feasible treatment strategy in patients with established BRONJ. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 2008
Variations of supraorbital foramina in living subjects evaluated with multidetector computed tomography
Authors: Turhan‐Haktanır Nurten , Ayçiçek Abdullah , Haktanır Alpay , Demir Yavuz 
Published: July 2008

AbstractBackground.We aimed to evaluate the anatomic variations of supraorbital foramina/notches in living subjects using multidetector CT (MDCT) related to age, sex, and side.Methods.Computer records of 399 patients (207 men and 192 women) referred for high‐resolution CT examinations were evaluated for presence, shape, width, and distance from the nasion.Results.The most common presentation was single notch. Presence of double foramen/notch was higher in the right. Bilateral notches were wider in men. Bilateral foramina and left notches were located more lateral in men. Notches were closer to nasion than foramina. Positive correlations were found between right and left sides for the diameters and distances to nasion. Widths of foramina showed negative correlation with the distances to nasion.Conclusions.This is the first study showing supraorbital foramen/notch variations in living crania. MDCT should be established in anatomical studies and may be used in preoperative evaluation. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 2008
Primary squamous cell carcinoma of Stensen's duct in a patient with HIV: The role of magnetic resonance imaging and fine‐needle aspiration
Authors: Kim Theresa B. , Klein Harvey Z. , Glastonbury Christine M. , Eisele David W. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractBackground.Primary malignant tumors involving Stensen's duct are rare neoplasms, with less than 30 cases reported. We report a case of primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) involving Stensen's duct in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and describe the role of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) and MRI in the diagnosis of this rare entity.Methods.A 47‐year‐old man with HIV presented with intermittent parotid swelling and pain unresponsive to conservative treatment. He subsequently developed a mass emanating from Stensen's duct, and an MRI and ultrasound‐guided FNA revealed carcinoma of Stensen's duct. Total parotidectomy with postoperative external beam radiation therapy was performed.Results.The patient remains disease free 31 months after treatment.Conclusions.Primary SCC of Stensen's duct is a rare entity that may mimic benign obstructive parotid disease. FNA and MRI are useful in the diagnosis and assessment of disease extent. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Intercomparison of remote sensing‐based models for estimation of evapotranspiration and accuracy assessment based on SWAT
Authors: Gao Yanchun , Long Di 
Published: July 2008

AbstractAn intercomparison of daily actual evapotranspiration (ET) estimates from the single‐source models (SEBAL and SEBS) and the two‐source models (P‐TSEB and S‐TSEB) using remotely sensed data was performed to examine their utilities and limitations under a wide range of land covers and different meteorological conditions. The accuracy of ET estimates from remote sensing‐based models of a selected watershed on 23 June 2005 (DOY 174) presenting large air drying power and marked contrast in underlying surface characteristics, and 25 July 2005, (DOY 206) in contrast to the meteorological and underlying surface conditions of DOY 174, were evaluated in terms of SWAT‐based ET. The ET estimates from the two methodologies are shown to be comparable, indicating that S‐TSEB has the highest accuracy with relative errors of 2·2% and 5·6% with reference to SWAT‐based ET for DOY 174 and 206, respectively. Hence it was selected to be the basis for performing an intercomparison with other remote sensing‐based models. Single‐source models are very sensitive to KB−1 parameter, rendering marked differences in ET estimates because of different treatments of roughness length for heat transfer. SEBAL and SEBS yielded mean absolute percentage difference (MAPD) versus S‐TSEB within 26·22% and 26·56% for DOY 174 and within 9·11% and 11·69% for DOY 206, respectively, indicating their applicability to higher vegetation cover and soil moisture availability areas under small air drying power condition. P‐TSEB generated MAPD versus S‐TSEB within 41·15% for DOY 174 and 8·79% for DOY 206, implying that P‐TSEB is highly consistent with S‐TSEB under small air drying power and less contrast in soil moisture conditions, whereas noticeable discrepancies occur under large air drying power and marked contrast in soil moisture circumstances, in particular for sparse cover. The performance of P‐TSEB largely depends on the meteorological and underlying surface conditions, both exerting significant influences on the extent of coupling between vegetation and soil. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Staying at the table: building sustainable community–research partnerships
Authors: Rappaport Nancy , Alegria Margarita , Mulvaney‐Day Norah , Boyle Barbara 
Published: July 2008

AbstractIn this study, the authors identify three guiding principles or relational strategies for developing successful community partnerships and building an alliance for systemic change. These principles were derived from their work over 4 years with an urban public school system, which was focused on generating a series of interventions for improving the behavioral and academic functioning of immigrant students. In their process, they developed an analysis and monitoring system of students' progress, which allowed for earlier targeted effective support. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Biliary fascioliasis: Sonographic appearance patterns
Authors: Yesildag Ahmet , Yıldız Harun , Demirci Mustafa , Gören İbrahim , İşler Mehmet 
Published: July 2008

AbstractPurpose.To describe the sonographic findings of biliary fascioliasis.Method.The study included 27 patients with fascioliasis and abdominal sonographic findings in biliary system. All diagnoses were confirmed via serologic enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and 5 patients underwent cholecystectomy. Sonographic findings in the biliary system were defined as primary and secondary.Results.Primary findings included spontaneously moving echogenic structures, linear echoes, curvilinear echoes, oval‐shaped echogenic structure, matted echogenic particle, echogenic particle adherent to the gallbladder wall, motionless freely floating round echogenic foci, and leaf‐like echogenic structures. Secondary findings were dilatation or wall thickening of the biliary system. In the liver, multiple confluent subcapsular nodules were also noted on sonography and CT in 14 of 27 patients.Conclusion.Sonography can detect biliary system lesions in fascioliasis and can aid diagnosis of the disease. However, the radiologist should be familiar with the different sonographic appearances of biliary fascioliasis. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2009
Maximizing peak capacity and separation speed in liquid chromatography
Authors: Petersson Patrik , Frank Andre , Heaton James , Euerby Melvin R. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe practical effects of gradient time and flow rate on the peak capacities of a range of analytes of differing molecular weights (MWs) and physico‐chemical properties have been evaluated using ultra high pressure LC instrumentation with sub‐2 μm and superficially porous particle phases. Optimum peak capacity, in RP gradient LC, for small molecules, including typical pharmaceutical drugs and peptides with MWs up to 1300, was demonstrated at a maximum flow rate for a given gradient time (i.e. up to 40 min). Flow rates significantly higher than the optimum in the van Deemter plots and also higher than those typically employed by the majority of the chromatographers today are recommended for gradient LC (i.e. up to 1.0 mL/min on 50–150×2.1 mm 1.7 μm columns). This recommendation is applicable for temperatures above 40°C, i.e. temperatures typically utilized for separations employing sub‐2 μm particles to reduce column back pressure. Van Deemter and pseudo van Deemter plots were determined and combined with chromatographic gradient elution theory to explain our unexpected observations. The derived models exhibited good agreement between experimental and predicted peak capacities (absolute average error 4%, max. error 12%).
Stearidonic acid: A plant produced omega‐3 PUFA and a potential alternative for marine oil fatty acids
Authors: Coupland Keith 
Published: July 2008

AbstractOmega‐3 (n‐3) fatty acids are widely recognized as being important in regulating many inflammatory disorders in man. However, metabolism of the parent n‐3 fatty acid α‐linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n‐3) to the highly unsaturated bioactive fatty acids; eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n‐3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n‐3), in the body is limited. The first product in the pathway leading to EPA/DHA is the post‐Δ6 desaturase metabolite stearidonic acid (SDA, 18:4n‐3). The activity of the Δ6‐desaturase enzyme is low in man and can be adversely influenced by several environmental factors including dietary fat. SDA has been shown, in several studies, to be rapidly and efficiently converted to EPA which is a probable factor in its bio‐activity. The main source of EPA and DHA in diet is fish oil which, owing to over‐fishing and its extensive use in aquaculture feed, is becoming a scarce resource. There clearly exists a need for a renewable source of a lipid containing the highly unsaturated n‐3 fatty acids EPA, DHA or SDA. Although the highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) have been commercially produced in micro‐organisms neither EPA nor DHA has been shown to exist in any quantity in land‐based plants. SDA is however found in several fungal and algal species and also in a small number of plant seed oils. Plants from the Boraginaceae family notably Echium species are particularly rich in SDA and Echium plantagineum has been grown commercially. Other plants from the Boraginaceae are being investigated and several have been identified that may offer benefits over Echium spp. Transgenic plants containing high levels of SDA have also been reported but engineering EPA or DHA into genetically modified higher plants is proving elusive. SDA‐containing lipids are of great interest in a number of areas such as fortified foods, dietary supplements, medicinal foods, pharmaceuticals and personal‐care products.
Electrical stimulation–supported voice exercises are superior to voice exercise therapy alone in patients with unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paresis: Results from a prospective, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ptok Martin , Strack Daniela 
Published: July 2008

AbstractFor more than 40 years, electrical stimulation procedures for unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paresis (URLNP) therapy have been proposed. However, it is unclear whether electrical stimulation therapy is effective for URLNP patients. In this study we compare the outcome of traditional voice exercise treatment (VE) with electrical stimulation–supported voice exercise (ES). A total of 90 URLNP patients were recruited to participate in a prospective, randomized trial. The decrease in vocal fold irregularity (CFx) and increase in maximum phonation time (MPT) after a 3‐month therapy period were the dependent variables. In the ES group, CFx improved to a significantly greater extent than in the VE group. MPT increased similarly in both groups. Our data indicate that ES is superior to VE for patients with URLNP. Because no further data exist, it can be assumed that improvement following VE only reflects spontaneous recovery. However ES appears to be an effective non‐surgical therapeutic procedure. Muscle Nerve, 2008
The ethics of rodent control
Authors: Meerburg Bastiaan G , Brom Frans WA , Kijlstra Aize 
Published: July 2008

AbstractBecause western societies generally see animals as objects of moral concern, demands have been made on the way they are treated, e.g. during animal experimentation. In the case of rodent pests, however, inhumane control methods are often applied. This inconsistency in the human–animal relationship requires clarification. This paper analyses the criteria that must be met when judging the use of animals during experiments, and investigates whether these can be applied in rodent control. This is important, because, until now, animal welfare has been less of an issue in pest control: effectiveness, hygiene and cost efficiency have been leading principles. Two options are available to solve the inconsistency: the first is to abandon the criteria used in animal experimentation; the second is to apply these criteria to both animal experimentation and rodent control. This latter option implies that rodent control methods should not lead to intense pain or discomfort, and any discomfort should have a short duration and should allow escaped rodents to lead a natural life. Adherence to this option will, however, require a shift in the design of rodent control methods: effectiveness will no longer be the leading principle. It will have to share its position with animal welfare and humaneness. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Quantitative Structure–Property Relationship Studies for Predicting Flash Points of Organic Compounds using Support Vector Machines
Authors: Pan Yong , Jiang Juncheng , Wang Rui , Cao Hongyin , Zhao Jinbo 
Published: July 2008

AbstractA Quantitative Structure–Property Relationship (QSPR) model was developed to predict the flash points of organic compounds. The widely used group contribution method was employed, and a new collection of 57 functional groups were selected as the molecular descriptors. The new chemometrics method of Support Vector Machine (SVM) was employed for fitting the possible quantitative relationship that existed between these functional groups and flash points. A total of 1282 organic compounds of various chemical families were used and randomly divided into a training set (1026) and an external prediction set (256).The optimum parameters of the SVM were obtained by employing the leave‐one‐out cross‐validation method. Simulated with the final optimum SVM, the results show that most of the predicted flash point values are in good agreement with the experimental data, with the average absolute error being 6.894 K, and the root mean square error being 11.367 for the whole dataset, which are lower than those obtained by previous works. Moreover, by employing the convenient group contribution method as well as the large modeling dataset, the presented model is also expected to be simple to apply and with a wide applicability range.
Imaging of gynecological disease (4): clinical and ultrasound characteristics of struma ovarii
Authors: Savelli L. , Testa A. C. , Timmerman D. , Paladini D. , Ljungberg O. , Valentin L. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractObjectivesTo describe the clinical history and ultrasound findings in women with struma ovarii.MethodsWomen with a histological diagnosis of struma ovarii who had undergone preoperative ultrasound examination were identified from the databases of five ultrasound centers. The tumors were characterized on the basis of ultrasound images, ultrasound reports and research protocols (when applicable) using the terms and definitions of the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) group. In addition, four authors reviewed all ultrasound images and described them using pattern recognition.ResultsOf 31 patients identified, 16 had pure struma ovarii (one malignant), whereas in 15 patients the struma ovarii were ‘impure’, constituting the major part of a dermoid cyst (all benign, bilateral in one case). Median age was 40 (range, 18–80) years and 22 (71%) patients were of fertile age. Thirteen patients (42%) were asymptomatic, nine (29%) presented with pain, six (19%) with bloating, two (6%) with irregular bleeding and one (3%) with thyreotoxicosis. Most pure struma ovarii (11/16 cases, 69%) contained solid components, but cystic components were always present. The color content at Doppler examination varied from none to abundant. Four patients had ascites. Using pattern recognition the most specific feature of pure struma ovarii was the ‘struma pearl’, i.e. a smooth roundish solid area, similar, but not identical, to the ‘round white ball’ seen in dermoid cysts. ‘Struma pearls’ were present in six cases of pure struma ovarii. Most (10/16, 63%) cases of impure struma ovarii manifested ultrasound features compatible with a dermoid cyst, but six manifested ultrasound features similar to those of pure struma ovarii, ‘struma pearls’ being seen in three of these.ConclusionsThe sonographic features of struma ovarii vary. Struma ovarii may be suspected when a ‘struma pearl’ is seen. Whether ‘struma pearls’ are indeed a specific ultrasonographic feature of struma ovarii needs to be determined in a prospective study. Copyright © 2008 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hepatic Resection is Justified for Elderly Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Kondo Kazuhiro , Chijiiwa Kazuo , Funagayama Mayumi , Kai Masahiro , Otani Kazuhiro , Ohuchida Jiro 
Published: July 2008

AbstractBackgroundHepatic resection is one of the main treatment modalities for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, surgery is generally stressful and often is avoided for elderly patients. This retrospective study was designed to determine whether the indications for hepatic resection in younger patients with HCC are applicable to elderly patients.MethodsSubjects were 294 patients in whom 319 hepatic resections were performed for HCC (male/female ratio, 238/81; age range, 18–83 years). The patients were divided into two groups according to age at the time of surgery: 70 years or older (n = 109) and 69 years or younger (n = 210). Surgical strategy and postoperative follow‐up methods did not differ between groups. The incidence and severity of postoperative complications classified by the Clavien system were compared between the two groups. Postoperative survival was compared between the two groups and between subgroups based on Japan Integrated Staging (JIS) scores. HCC‐related death rates also were compared.ResultsNo significant between‐group difference was found in background liver function or type of hepatic resection. Differences were found in performance status and type of hepatitis virus infection. No difference was observed in the incidence or severity of postoperative complications. Postoperative survival was similar between the two age‐based study groups and between the JIS‐based subgroups. HCC‐related death rates did not differ between groups.ConclusionsThe absence of differences in postoperative outcomes between groups suggests that hepatic resection is justified for HCC in selected patients aged 70 years or older.
The Spirit of Ecological Inquiry and Intervention Research Reports: A Heuristic Elaboration
Authors: Ryerson Espino Susan L. , Trickett Edison J. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractOne distinctive approach to community psychology intervention research involves finding ways to contribute to the development of communities. Ecological inquiry is a primary theoretical framework for this work. The purpose of this paper is to explore how the spirit of ecological inquiry may be expressed in the descriptions of how we design, conduct, and evaluate community interventions. We first elaborate a set of criteria as a heuristic framework for carrying out and documenting community intervention writing, theory, and action. We then pilot the application of these criteria to explore the presence of an ecological emphasis within intervention studies published in theAJCPbetween 1994 and 2002. This exercise helped illuminate the extent to which an ecological perspective is reflected in intervention accounts, and select intervention accounts that reflect a substantial ecological emphasis are described. Further, this review highlights the areas of our written work which contain fewer makers of ecological inquiry, as with the relevant exclusion of citizens in formative intervention roles. We conclude with a series of reflections about constraints on published intervention accounts and recommendations for those interested in furthering the spirit of ecological inquiry through their research and action commitments to community development.