bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using creativity to achieve an entrepreneurial future for arts marketing
Authors: Fillis Ian , Rentschler Ruth 
Published: November 2005

Abstract

The marketing concept fails to explain marketing behaviour of small firms. Similar comments are now being made of large firms. This gap between theory and practice is even more significant in non‐profit and arts organisations where sector specific philosophies often determine how marketing is embraced, with its underlying notions of the customer and profitability. Many of these organisations must overcome severe resource constraints by thinking creatively. This paper investigates the relationship between art, marketing, entrepreneurship and creativity in order to reach a clearer understanding of how creativity can assist both the arts organisation and those involved in researching the sector. There have been increasing calls within the academic marketing community to instil a creative philosophy within the research process. This call has not resulted in much research on the phenomenon within marketing, and certainly not from a nonprofit perspective. This paper discusses creativity as a concept drawing on a diverse range of literatures outside the management discipline. The link between creativity, marketing, entrepreneurship and art is analysed. Justification of the incorporation of creativity in the research process is presented for practitioners and theorists in marketing and the arts, so that they can learn from each others' disciplines. Implications for future research are presented, where creativity is viewed as the centre of a non‐linear, free thinking understanding of artistic truth.

Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Paying the piper: a study of musicians and the music business
Authors: Kubacki Krzysztof , Croft Robin 
Published: November 2005

Abstract

Many artists argue that treating music as a business represents a particularly insidious force in cultural life, stifling creativity and change. For them business and art are mutually incompatible and they regard the evident economic success of the music industry as an example of the shameless exploitation of our cultural heritage.

This paper is based on detailed research into the attitudes of musicians across two distinct cultures. It finds strong echoes of the key criticisms of the music business which have been prominent in academic literature and in the specialist music press for more than a generation. Singled out for particular censure are not‐for‐profit organisations for apparently following the global recording companies down the same, profit‐driven routes.

The research confirms that there is a large gap between the expectations of artists and the organisations which employ them and fund their work. It is important that these expectations are understood and, if possible, bridged. For the arts to regain their place at the heart of cultural life it is necessary once more to bring the artists themselves into the picture.

Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stable microcapsules assembled stepwise from weak polyelectrolytes followed by thermal crosslinking
Authors: Tong Weijun , Gao Changyou 
Published: November 2005

AbstractStable weak polyelectrolyte (PE) microcapsules were fabricated by applying thermal treatment on poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) doped CaCO3 microparticles coated alternatively with poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and sodium poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) in a layer‐by‐layer (LBL) assembly manner, followed by core dissolution with disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) observations revealed the hollow nature and good dispersion of the resultant capsules. Energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) found that sodium PSS, which was used to modify morphology of the CaCO3 particles during the preparation process, contributed approximately 37% of the total mass of the capsules. Confocal Raman spectra verified that part of the PSS originating from the cores had been adsorbed or intertwined in the PAH/PAA multilayers, and part had been released into the capsule interiors. Stability of the capsules after thermal treatment was largely improved as evidenced by incubation of the capsules in an alkaline solution with a pH value of 12, or 0.1 M HCl for 3 weeks. By contrast, the untreated PAH/PAA microcapsules completely disappeared after incubation in the same alkaline solution. Spontaneous deposition of rhodamine 6G into the crosslinked PAH/PAA capsules was also observed. It is demonstrated that this simple thermal treatment method can be successfully applied to covalently crosslink the weak PE layers and stabilize the microcapsules. The encapsulated PSS molecules can attract diverse positively charged substances. Thus the structure‐stabilized capsules can be good candidates as drug delivery vehicles and microcontainers over a wide pH range. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Encapsulation of silver nanoparticles within double‐cylinder‐type copolymer brushes as templates
Authors: Ishizu Koji , Kakinuma Hirokazu , Ochi Koichiro , Uchida Satoshi , Hayashi Masaki 
Published: November 2005

AbstractAn encapsulation of silver nanoparticles has been developed based on a template technique. Amphiphilic double‐cylinder‐type copolymer brushes were employed as a single molecule template, utilizing the coordination of Ag+ ions with carboxylate groups in the core of the brush. Subsequently, silver nanoparticles (ca. 7.5 nm in diameter) within the brush template have been prepared by the addition of a chemical reductant, e.g. NaBH4. The solution of the resultant nanocylinder composites was a yellow color due to the surface plasmon resonance. These composites were soluble in organic solvents, because the shell of the copolymer brush protected the fabricated silver nanoparticles from aggregation. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes and apoptosis in colitis‐associated neoplasia: comparison with sporadic colorectal cancer
Authors: Michael‐Robinson JM , Pandeya N , Walsh MD , Biemer‐Huttmann A‐E , Eri RD , Buttenshaw RL , Lincoln D , Clouston AD , Jass JR , Radford‐Smith GL 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThe development of colorectal cancer is a major complication for patients with chronic idiopathic colitis. Colitis‐associated tumours tend to occur at a younger age and be more aggressive than sporadic colorectal cancers. While we have previously associated the presence of tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and increased apoptosis in sporadic colorectal cancer with high‐level microsatellite instability and improved prognosis, little is known of the relationship between these variables in colitis‐associated colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to correlate TILs and tumour cell apoptosis in colitis‐associated neoplasms stratified according to microsatellite instability. Twenty tumour and 11 dysplastic samples resected from 21 patients with long‐standing colitis were analysed for microsatellite instability at 10 microsatellite markers. TIL distribution (CD3, CD8) and function (granzyme B) were quantified by immunohistochemistry. Neoplastic cell apoptosis was assessed using the M30 CytoDEATH antibody. These findings were compared with 40 microsatellite stable (MSS) sporadic colorectal cancers previously evaluated for TILs and neoplastic apoptosis. Low‐level microsatellite instability was found in 1/20 colitis‐associated tumours. All other colitis‐associated lesions were designated MSS. CD3+ and CD8+ TIL counts were significantly higher in colitis‐associated lesions compared with MSS sporadic colorectal cancer (p < 0.0001, p = 0.001 respectively). Despite their higher TIL density, colitis‐associated tumours were more likely to present late (Dukes' stage C or D) (p = 0.02). Functionally, colitis‐associated TILs demonstrated significantly less granzyme B expression compared to sporadic cancers (p = 0.002). The level of tumour cell apoptosis was similar between the two groups (sporadic, 1.53%; colitis cancers, 1.45%). In conclusion, MSS colitis‐associated tumours have a higher prevalence of CD3+/CD8+ TILs but no associated increase in tumour cell killing by apoptosis. Unlike cytotoxic T cells in sporadic colorectal cancer, TILs do not appear to enhance the prognosis of colitis‐associated colorectal cancer. This may be related to an impairment of granzyme B expression within these lesions. Copyright © 2005 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gangliosides promote platelet adhesion and facilitate neuroblastoma cell adhesion under dynamic conditions simulating blood flow
Authors: Jabbar Adnan A. , Kazarian Tamara , Hakobyan Narine , Valentino Leonard A. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractBackgroundAberrant gangliosides are produced and shed by some tumors into the extracellular milieu. Their concentration is related to disease progression in children with neuroblastoma and in experimental models. The mechanism for this tumor promoting effect is not known.PurposeHere, we investigated the effect of gangliosides on platelet and tumor cell adhesion under shear forces simulating venous and arterial flow.ResultsHigh shear force increased platelet adhesion 2.5‐fold compared to low force. Pre‐incubation of platelets with gangliosides increased adhesion at low shear to a level comparable to high shear alone. The addition of gangliosides to platelets perfused at high shear did not further increase adhesion. LAN1 neuroblastoma cells are adherent to collagen in static assays. No effect of either shear or gangliosides was observed on cell adhesion under dynamic conditions. However, when perfused in the presence of platelets, an increase in binding of tumor cells was observed at both shear forces compared to cells alone.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that shear and gangliosides increase dynamic platelet adhesion to collagen. In addition, platelets facilitate tumor cell binding. Therefore, by acting as a mediator of platelet activation, gangliosides may promote blood borne metastasis by increasing platelet binding to the vessel wall and in turn facilitate tumor cell arrest in circulation. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Veno‐occlusive disease of the liver in a child after chemotherapy for brain tumor
Authors: Elli Murat , Güçlü Pınarlı Faruk , Daǧdemir Ayhan , Acar Sabri 
Published: November 2005

AbstractVeno‐occlusive disease (VOD) of the liver is a life‐threatening state generally occurring as a complication of bone marrow transplantation or chemotherapy for Wilms' tumor. Veno‐occlusive disease after standard dose chemotherapy in malignancies other than Wilms' tumor is rare and only a few cases have been published in children. We report a 19 month‐old‐girl with medulloblastoma who experienced fatal VOD of liver after only one course of chemotherapy including carboplatin, vincristine and CCNU for medulloblastoma. As our knowledge, this is the first report of VOD after standard dose chemotherapy for brain tumor in childhood. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2006,46:521–523. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Long‐term follow‐up of childhood cancer survivors: Future directions for clinical care and research
Authors: Bhatia Smita , Meadows Anna T. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractImprovement in survival after childhood cancer has resulted in a growing population of childhood cancer survivors, causing the healthcare community to focus on providing appropriate care to the survivors, and addressing issues related to the etiology and prevention of long‐term sequelae of cancer and its treatment. The overarching goal is to decrease the morbidity related to cancer treatment, and improve the overall quality of life, such that cancer survivors can successfully integrate back into society and lead productive lives. In order to achieve this goal, several issues need to be addressed, such as education of survivors and healthcare providers regarding the potential late effects; provision of standardized guidelines for appropriate follow‐up of the survivors in a setting that is feasible and practical for the cancer survivor; ongoing communication between the cancer center that provided acute care for the patient and the healthcare facility providing follow‐up care. Several challenges remain in addressing these issues, and will be the focus of this article. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Electrocardiographic findings after 5‐HT3 receptor antagonists and chemotherapy in children with cancer
Authors: Pınarlı F. G. , Elli M. , Daǧdemir A. , Baysal K. , Acar S. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractBackgroundThe antiemetic efficacy of serotonin‐type 3 (5‐HT3) receptor antagonists has been found to be superior to older antiemetic drugs in cancer patients. Following the administration of these agents, changes in ECG parameters and increased or decreased heart rates have been demonstrated, but there is no sufficient data in children with cancer who are treated with cytotoxic agents. The objective of this study is to evaluate the ECG changes after administration of 5‐HT3 receptor antagonists and chemotherapeutic agents in children with cancer.ProcedureThirty‐eight patients with an age range between 2 and 19 years receiving chemotherapy for solid tumors were included in the study. The patients received 5‐HT3 receptor antagonists 30 min before antineoplastic agents in 83 chemotherapy days. Antiemetic therapy consisted of ondansetron in 43 and granisetron in 40 chemotherapy days. Twelve‐leads ECGs were obtained four times at the first day of each chemotherapy: just before 30, 90 min, and 24 hr after 5‐HT3 receptor antagonists were given. Rate, rhythm, PR interval, QRS duration, ST segment, the shortest (QTca) and the longest (QTcb) QTc intervals with QTc dispersion (QTcd) were all evaluated.ResultsWe found a significant shortening of the PR interval and QRS complex durations in the granisetron group at 90th min and at 24th hr, respectively. Also, granisetron infusion caused a significant prolongation of the QTca interval at 90 min.ConclusionAlthough we observed minor ECG changes after 5‐HT3 receptor antagonists and chemotherapy, neither dangerous rhythm disturbances nor serious ECG changes were seen. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2006; 47:567–571. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Peroxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes in children with β‐thalassemia major
Authors: Naithani Rahul , Chandra Jagdish , Bhattacharjee Jayashree , Verma Priyanka , Narayan Shashi 
Published: November 2005

AbstractObjectiveRegular blood transfusions and secondary iron overload make thalassemic erythrocytes prone to peroxidative injury. Although some reports suggest endogenous free radical damage in thalassemia, there remains discrepancy in the status of antioxidant enzymes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the extent of lipid peroxidation and status of antioxidant enzyme in children with β‐thalassemia.MethodsFifty transfusion‐dependent β‐thalassemics were subjected to analysis of lipoperoxides as malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NOx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) along with serum iron and ferritin, liver functions and uric acid. Plasma MDA was analyzed to indicate the oxidative parameters, whereas the erythrocyte SOD, GPx, and plasma NOx were measured to show the antioxidant status of the children. All these parameters in 30 non‐anemic healthy controls attending the child health promotion clinic of hospital were also studied.ResultsAll the patients were iron overloaded. Markers of free radical injury such as MDA and antioxidant enzyme SOD and NOx levels were significantly elevated in thalassemic children while mean GPx levels were decreased in patients compared to controls (P < 0.001). All these markers significantly correlated with serum ferritin levels. There was no significant difference in levels of GSH measured but it correlated with serum iron levels.ConclusionOur study results suggest that iron overload causes peroxidative damage in β‐thalassemia and antioxidant systems try to compensate for reducing lipid peroxidation to lower tissue damage. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hyperbaric oxygen should not be used in the management of hemorrhagic cystitis in patients with Fanconi anemia
Authors: Al‐Seraihi A. , Ayas M. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractHemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a common complication after stem cell transplantation (SCT) that occurs more frequently in patients with Fanconi anemia (FA) because of hypersensitivity of their cells to the agents used in the preparation for SCT (chemo and radiation). Many HC cases respond to therapy with hyperhydration and maintenance of adequate platelet counts, but refractory cases may require additional measures such as the use of prostaglandins, alum, or hyperbaric oxygen (HBO). We report here an unusual complication to HBO therapy in a FA patient consisting of generalized edema mimicking capillary leak syndrome but with no pulmonary edema or ascites. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007;49:854–856. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Should children at risk for familial adenomatous polyposis be screened for hepatoblastoma and children with apparently sporadic hepatoblastoma be screened for APC germline mutations?
Authors: Aretz Stefan , Koch Arend , Uhlhaas Siegfried , Friedl Waltraut , Propping Peter , Schweinitz Dietrich von , Pietsch Torsten 
Published: November 2005

AbstractBackgroundHepatoblastoma (HB) is the most frequent liver tumor in childhood, occurring in the first few years of life. Surgery combined with chemotherapy has resulted in dramatic improvements in prognosis. However, even today, about one quarter of affected children do not survive the disease. Compared to the general population, the risk of HB is 750–7,500 times higher in children predisposed to familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), an autosomal‐dominant cancer predispostion syndrome caused by germline mutations in the tumor suppressor gene APC. Only limited data exist about the frequency of APC germline mutations in cases of apparently sporadic HB without a family history of FAP.ProcedureIn our sample of 1,166 German FAP families, all known cases of HB were registered. In addition, 50 patients with apparently sporadic HB were examined for APC germline mutations.ResultsIn the FAP families, seven unrelated cases of HB are documented; three had been detected at an advanced stage. In patients with apparently sporadic HB, germline mutations in the APC gene were identified in 10%.ConclusionsThese data raise the issue of the appropriate screening for HB in children of FAP patients. To date, the efficiency of surveillance for HB is unclear. In Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), recent studies suggest an earlier detection of both Wilms tumor and HB by frequent screening. We discuss the rationale and implications of a screening program; besides the examination procedure itself, screening for HB in children of FAP patients would have important consequences for the policy of predictive testing in FAP. In a substantial fraction of sporadic HB, the disease is obviously the first manifestation of a de novo FAP. These patients should be identified by routine APC mutation screening and undergo colorectal surveillance thereafter. Pediatric Blood Cancer 2006;47:811–818. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anaesthetic outcome and predictive risk factors in children with mediastinal tumours
Authors: Ng A. , Bennett J. , Bromley P. , Davies P. , Morland B. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractPurposeThe aims were to identify and test the significance of specific factors associated with risks for anaesthesia in children with mediastinal tumours.Patients and MethodClinical information was retrospectively collected from the records of 63 children presented with mediastinal tumour (1964–2002) in a regional Paediatric Oncology centre and correlated with the type and outcome of anaesthesia, using non‐parametric analyses.ResultsThirteen patients had local anaesthesia or sedation for diagnostic procedures and none developed any complication. Fifty children received general anaesthesia (GA) for diagnostic investigations or tumour resection. Two patients were excluded from the analysis because of treatment prior to GA. Problems with intubation, ventilation and cardiovascular collapse were encountered in 7 of 48 (15%) patients and this resulted in tracheostomy in one patient and death in 2 other cases. When compared with the 41 uncomplicated cases, the presence of at least 3 respiratory symptoms/signs, tracheal and vascular compression, and infection significantly increased the risk of GA. Of these, tracheal compression remained the strongest predictive factor.ConclusionsDecision to postpone GA should be considered if all these risk factors (tracheal compression, vascular compression, the presence of at least three respiratory symptoms/signs) are present in the same patient. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007;48:160–164. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in children with cancer
Authors: Morris E. Brannon , Laningham Fred H. , Sandlund John T. , Khan Raja B. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractPurposeTo identify predisposing factors, radiologic features, and clinical outcome of posterior reversible leucoencephalopathy (PRES) in children receiving cancer treatment.MethodsWe identified 11 patients (7 female) who had radiological and clinical features consistent with PRES and were treated for cancer at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital between January 1995 and January 2005. Clinical and radiographic data were abstracted from their records.ResultsThe average age at the time of PRES onset was 10.4 years. Primary diagnoses were acute leukemia (n = 8), non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 2), and Ewing sarcoma (n = 1). PRES occurred in 8 patients during the induction phase of treatment, and all 11 patients had hypertension (5 chronically). Seizure activity was proximate to cytarabine and tacrolimus administration in three patients and further seizures occurred with re‐administration of these medications in two patients. Coagulation and chemistry studies were normal. Concurrent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated T2 signal abnormalities in all 11 patients, restricted diffusion in 4, and hemorrhage in 3. Follow‐up MRI showed chronic changes consistent with a previous hemorrhage in three and evidence of prior parenchymal ischemia in one. Three patients developed epilepsy and remain on chronic anticonvulsant therapy.ConclusionsPRES is an increasingly recognized complication of pediatric cancer treatment. Risk factors for PRES in pediatric cancer patients include hypertension (not necessarily acute), remission induction chemotherapy, and administration of tacrolimus. MR images often show atypical findings, some of which are irreversible. A significant number of patients develop epilepsy despite clinical and radiographic evidence of recovery. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007;48:152–159. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pulmonary function testing and pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: Bernstrand Cecilia , Cederlund Kerstin , Henter Jan‐Inge 
Published: November 2005

AbstractIn a long‐term single‐center follow‐up (median 16‐years), we studied high‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and pulmonary function testing (PFT) in pulmonary LCH. Diffusing capacity corrected for alveolar volume (K(CO)) and total lung capacity (TLC) were significantly decreased (P = 0.016 and P = 0.030, respectively) in patients with extensive HRCT abnormalities. Patients with late stage disease on HRCT had increased forced expiratory volume (FEV1.0)(P = 0.037) and vital capacity (VC)(P = 0.036). Disease monitoring is important in pulmonary LCH, and since PFT with diffusing capacity provides a measurement of the current lung function, it may be a valuable tool in monitoring pulmonary LCH, and a good complement to imaging. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007;49:323–328. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.