bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computed tomography brain scans in long term survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Esseltine D. W. , Freeman C. R. , Chevalier L. M. , Smith R. , O'Gorman A. M. , Dubé J. , Whitehead V. M. , Nogrady M. B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThere have been varying frequencies cited for the occurrence of abnormal brain CT scans in Jeukemic patients and confiding evidence about the significance of these abnormalities and their relationship to sanctuary therapy. Our study of CT brain scans in 26 long survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia showed an overall prevalence of 35% abnormal scans. There was no statistically significant difference between the number of abnormal scans seen in patients given radiotherapy as part of their CNS prophylaxis and those receiving only intrathecal methotrexate. Because the children in each treatment group were evenly matched with respect to other treatment variables possibly relevant to the causation of abnormal brain scans, a strong case is made for more rigorous design of such studies, preferably in a prospective fashion, looking simultaneously at other parameters of brain structure and function.
Cystosarcoma phylloides: A case presentation
Authors: Orsini James M. , Perloff Marjorie , Rybak Benito 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of cystosarcoma phylloides is presented here showing the natural history of this disease both clinically and pathologically from 1962 through 1979, and demonstrating the management of this disease by surgery and by chemotherapy with the use of adriamycin at 25 mg/m2 daily, times three days, every 28 days, which to our knowledge has not been used in this particular setting.
Coexistence of myeloid and lymphoid neoplastic subpopulations in chronic myelogenous leukemia
Authors: Hutchinson Raymond J. , Rosenstock Jeffrey G. , Nowell Peter C. , Finan Janet 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSerial cytogenetic studies have been performed on a child with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)‐positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and correlated with clinical, morphologic, and cytochemical data in an attempt to elucidate further the natural history of leukemic progression observed in this disease. Once the initial blast crisis had occurred, two genetically different leukemic clones of cells, one presumably having arisen from the other, coexisted throughout the remainder of the patient's course. The initial clone comprised diferentiating myeloid cells, while the second clone appeared on morphologic and cytochemical grounds to be lymphoid and blastic. A dynamic equilibrium existed between these two populations of cells, with the balance altered by chemotherapy and/or other selective pressures. The leukemic progression demonstrated in this case is consistent with the concept of clonal evolution of malignant cell populations. In planning therapy, it may be necessary to consider each of these coexistent clones and their different therapeutic requirements.
Non‐hodgkin's lymphoma in children: Results of treatment with the modified LSA2‐L2 protocol
Authors: Vecchi Vico , Pession Andrea , Serra Laura , Rosito Pasquale , Mancini Antonia Francesca , Paolucci Guido 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFrom June 1976 to May 1980, 25 previously untreated children with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were studied and treated with a protocol modified from the one (LSA2L2) proposed by Wollner [8]. Stage III and IV had, in addition, prophylactic treatment of the central nervous system (CNS) with cranial irradiation (2,400 rad plus intrathecal metho‐trexate). The complete remission rate is 96%. Of these patients, 76% are disease free surviving after a median observation time of nearly two years. The disease‐free actuarial survival is 100% for 6 children with Stage I‐II disease and 68% for 19 Stage III‐IV children after median observation times respectively of 25 + and 19 + months. None of the 19 high‐risk patients developed CNS disease after prophylactic treatment.Mediastinal involvement and leukemic conversion at diagnosis were not unfavorable prognostic factors, but primary skeletal or subcutaneous disease and Burkitt‐type histology were ominous features in patients treated by this regimen.It is concluded that good results are obtained when an aggressive multimodal and multiple drug regimen like the LSA2‐L2 is coupled with CNS prophylaxis and is used assiduously to maintain complete remission during the first 12 months of treatment.
Efficacy of amikacin and ticarcillin as empiric therapy in febrile neutropenic children with cancer
Authors: Faden Howard S. , Deshpande Ganesh N. , Grossi Mauro , Surgalla Michael , Ettinger Lawrence J. , Freeman Arnold I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAmikacin (600 mg/m2/day IV) and ticarcillin (12 gm/m2/day IV) were administered to 38 children with cancer, neutropenia (< 1,000 PMN/mm3), and fever (≥ 38°C) during 46 febrile episodes. Sixty‐one percent of the children were severely neutropenic (<200 PMN/mm3). Febrile episodes consisted of 15 documented (E coli 5, K pneumoniae and P aeruginosa 1, P. aeruginosa 1, S marcescens 1, S aureus 4, S epidermidis 1, S viridans 1, adenovirus 1), 13 clinically apparent, nine possible, and nine doubtful infections. Efficacy of amikacin and ticarcillin was not determined in persons with gram‐positive, viral, and doubtful infections. Amikacin and ticarcillin were administered from 3 to 13 days (mean 7.3 days). Peak serum concentrations of amikacin on days two and five of treatment ranged between 13 and 35 μg/ml; trough levels remained below 2 μg/ml in 92% of the samples. Eighty‐six percent of evaluable febrile episodes improved and 14% were unchanged. Among eight infections due to gram‐negative enteric bacilli, six were cured (75%), and two (25%) improved temporaily. The excellent results observed in this study may be attributed, in part, to the predictably high serum concentrations of amikacin which exceeded the MICs of seven of eight gram‐negative pathogens. Renal toxicity was not observed. Two children (9.5%) developed mild, transient, unilateral hearing losses. These data suggest that the combination of amikacin and ticarcillin is an effective and safe empiric antibiotic regimen in febrile children with cancer.
The development of hyponatremia following combination chemotherapy for metastatic germ cell tumors
Authors: Ginsberg Sandra J. , Comis Robert L. , Miller Myron 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe combination of high dose vinblastine, cisplatin, and bleomycin is an extremely effective, but potentially quite toxic, program for the treatment of metastatic germ cell tumors. In addition to the well‐described toxicities, we have noted moderate to severe hyponatremia associated with these drugs. Twelve patients who were receiving this combination chemotherapy program had serum electrolyte levels, plasma osmolality, and creatinine clearance performed prior to and again 5 to 9 days after chemotherapy. Nine of the patients had standard water load tests prior to and again 6 to 15 days after chemotherapy. All 12 patients developed a fall in serum sodium concentrations following chemotherapy, and four patients had severe symptoms attributable to the hyponatremia. Eight patients also developed hypoosmolality suggesting that the hyponatremia was secondary to impaired water handling. In five patients further evidence of impaired water handling was documented by the development of an abnormal standard water load test following chemotherapy. The hyponatremia and impaired water handling may be due primarily to the high doses of vinblastine in the chemotherapeutic program. Patients who are receiving this combination chemotherapy program should be observed for the development of hyponatremia. The presence of severe, symptomatic hyponatremia and impaired water handling may require appropriate treatment including water restriction and hypertonic saline administration.
Chemotherapy of pulmonary blastoma: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kummet Thomas D. , Doll Donald C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPulmonary blastoma is a rare lung tumor of uncertain histogenesis. Although surgery may be curative therapy for localized lesions, recurrent tumor has been resistant to various treatment modalities. We report a case of metastatic pulmonary blastoma that had a partial remission with combination chemotherapy. Suggestions are made for the treatment of localized and metastatic pulmonary blastoma.
Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP:) development of acute non‐lymphocytic leukemia subsequent to treatment with cyclophosphamide
Authors: Krause John R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is most often treated successfully with steroids and/or splenectomy. In those who fail to respond with the foregoing treatment, immunosuppressive drugs are sometimes added to the regimen. Cyclophosphamide has been reported heretofore to be effective with a minimum of side effects and complications. However, the use of alkylating agents and the induction of a second malignancy is now well recognized. This report describes three cases of refractory ITP treated with cyclophosphamide who subsequently developed an acute non‐lymphocytic leukemia. Cyclophosphamide should be used with discretion in the treatment of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura which is a non‐neoplastic disorder.
The comparative clinical pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of vindesine, vincristine, and vinblastine in human patients with cancer
Authors: Nelson Robert L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe pharmacokinetics of vindesine, vincristine, and vinblastine were investigated in patients with cancer. All drugs were administered rapidly via intravenous injection, and drug levels were determined in serum obtained at intervals after injection by radioimmunoassay. All three drugs exhibited a triphasic serum decay pattern, with no major differences in alpha or beta phase half‐lives noted among them. However, vincristine had a longer and more variable terminal phase half‐life (85 ± 69 hr) than vindesine (24 ± 10 hr) or vinblastine (25 ± 7 hr). Central compartment volumes were also different. The most important finding was the observation of differences in the serum or body clearances of these drugs (vincristine 0.106 liter/ kg/hr, vindesine 0.252 liter/kg/hr, and vinblastine 0.740 liter/kg/hr). These differences correlate well with the results of similar studies done in animals, with acute LD50 data in mice, and with the usually employed weekly clinical doses for these drugs. These findings support the hypothesis that differences in the toxicities of these alkaloids may be related in part to differences in their pharmacokinetics.
Sequential chemotherapy of advanced colorectal cancer with standard or high‐dose methotrexate followed by 5‐fluorouracil
Authors: Solan Andrew , Vogl Steven E. , Kaplan Barry H. , Berenzweig Marc , Richard Joseph , Lanham Richard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty patients with advanced measurable colorectal cancer were randomized to receive either methotrexate (MTX) 200 mg/m2 or 40 mg/m2, followed in four hours by 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) 600 mg/m2. Patients receiving the higher dose MTX were given leucovorin rescue 24 hours later. Eight of 13 patients treated with 200 mg/m2 MTX + 5‐FU developed severe hematologic toxicity, leading to two toxic deaths. In addition, 9/13 developed mild azotemia, and three patients had severe gastrointestinal toxicity. No patients with prior chemotherapy responded to either regimen. Among those without prior chemotherapy, there were two of six and three of eight partial responses, respectively, in the 200 mg/m2 and 40 mg/m2 MTX regimens. Sequential 200 mg/m2 MTX followed by 5‐FU after four hours has unacceptable toxicity. Sequential treatment with standard dose MTX + 5‐FU is tolerable and merits further study.
Treatment of advanced malignant melanoma with high dose methotrexate and folinic acid rescue
Authors: Leahy Michael F. , Silver Hulbert K. B. , Klimo Paul , Hall Thomas C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐eight patients with advanced malignant melanoma were treated with high dose methotrexate (HDMTX) and folinic acid (FA) rescue. Nineteen patients were treated with 6‐hour infusions and 10 patients with 24‐hour infusions. One patient in the 6‐hour infusion group showed a partial response. In the 24‐hour infusion group there were no responses but there was a significant increase in renal toxicity. It is concluded that HDMTX and FA rescue are not useful agents in the treatment of advanced malignant melanoma.
Normal infant after combination chemotherapy including teniposide for Burkitt's lymphoma in pregnancy
Authors: Lowenthal R. M. , Funnell C. F. , Hope D. M. , Stewart I. G. , Humphrey D. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 32‐year‐old woman was treated for Burkitt's lymphoma diagnosed during the 22nd week of pregnancy. Chemotherapy consisting of doxorubicin (Adriamycin), vincristine, teniposide (VM‐26), cyclophosphamide, and prednisolone (AVTEP) was given each 2.5 to 3 weeks from the time of the diagnosis until delivery in the 37th week. Bleomycin and intrathecal methotrexate were also given from the 35th week. The infant was born after an assisted vaginal delivery and was fully developed and normal in all respects.This paper confirms prior reports that cytotoxic chemotherapy may safely be given during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy without adverse effects on the fetus. To our knowledge it is the first report of the use of teniposide, a new podophyllin derivative, during pregnancy.
The measurement of leukocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of cancer patients with solid tumors using monoclonal antibody reagents
Authors: Harris Jules E. , Deboer Kathie P. , Vahey Anne L. , Braun Donald P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMonocyte and lymphocyte subsets were quantitated in the peripheral blood of normal subjects and patients with solid tumors using the monoclonal antibody reagents OKM1, BRL63D3, OKT3, OKT4, and OKT8. Percentages and numbers of cells reacting with monoclonal reagents were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence. Correlations between leukocyte subset values and stage of disease or immunocompetence were sought. No differences from normal were seen in the percentage of OKT3, OKT4, and OKT8 cells or in the ratios of OKT4/OKT8 cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from all cancer patients, patients with localized disease, or patients with advanced disease. A significant decrease in absolute numbers of lymphocytes, OKT3 cells, OKT4 cells, and OKT8 cells was seen in the peripheral blood of patients with advanced disease reflecting the absolute lymphopenia of these patients. A significant increase was seen in the percentages of PBMC reacting with OKM1 and BRL63D3 from patients with advanced disease compared with normal donors or localized disease patients. A positive correlation was found between PHA responsiveness and absolute numbers of OKT3 and OKT4 cells. A negative correlation was found between PHA responsiveness and percentages of OKM1 cells. These data indicate that malignant disease does not alter T cell subset percentages in patient peripheral blood but may decrease their absolute numbers in association with absolute lymphopenia. On the other hand, percentages of OKM1 and BRL63D3 cells are increased in patients with advanced solid tumors in association with impaired PHA responsiveness.
Infant leukemia in hungary
Authors: Kardos Gabriella , Révész T. , Koós Rozália , Petróczky Ágnes , Schuler D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe treatment of childhood leukemia in Hungary is carried out in the framework of a national multicenter study. During the past ten years 633 newly diagnosed patients were treated in one of the ten centers. Of these, 39 were less than a year old at the time of diagnosis; 24 presented with ALL, 12 with AML, and three were found to have juvenile CML. Initial WBC count, which is the most important prognostic factor in childhood leukemia, was significantly higher in infants than in older children. Accordingly, the treatment results in these patients were inferior to those in children. Therapy of leukemia in infants remains a serious problem and warrants further studies to establish the best approach.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in childhood
Authors: Lombardi Fabrizio , Gasparini Marco , Gianni Cristina , de Marie Maria , Molinari Roberto , Pilotti Silvana 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have retrospectively evaluated a series of 27 consecutive children observed from 1965 to 1980 with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Histological diagnosis in each patient was undifferentiated carcinoma of nasopharyngeal type (UCNT) with prominent lymphocytic infiltration. Regional node involvement was present in 26 of 27 patients and two children presented with distant metastases. Twenty evaluable children with primary nasopharyngeal tumor with or without positive cervical nodes underwent radiotherapy (RT) with uniform criteria in technique. Adjuvant cyclophosphamide (CPM) was administered to a total of 11 children. The actuarial relapse‐free survival and overall survival are 40% and 55% at four years, respectively.In this series, the most important prognostic factor was represented by the extent of the tumor in the nasopharynx. Permanent control of the primary tumor was obtained in 85% of patients. CPM given after RT did not reduce the incidence of relapse. However, the fact that 45% of patients developed distant metastases as first treatment failure suggests that combined chemotherapy should be tested in the management of NPC in children, especially when primary tumor is locally advanced.
Acute renal failure following intravenous pyelography (IVP) in a patient with diffuse hypergammaglobulinemia: A case report
Authors: Antman Karen Hamm , Parker Leroy M. , Goldstein Jeffrey D. , Skarin Arthur T. , D'Orsi Carl J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 65‐year‐old woman with polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia developed acute renal failure requiring hemodialysis after an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). An increased risk of renal injury after IVP for patients with polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia has not been previously recognized, although a parallel risk to patients with myeloma has been well established. At autopsy, immunoperoxidase staining of the bone marrow demonstrated plasma cell subpopulations with intracellular staining for IgG, IgA, and IgM and χ and λ light chains, proving that this patient did not have occult myeloma. Immunoperoxidase staining of casts in renal tubules also demonstrated polyclonal immunoglobulins.
Lung cancer as a complication of prolonged survival in patients with lymphoma
Authors: Konits Philip H. , Aisner Joseph , Whitacre Margaret , Wiernik Peter H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAs a result of successful therapy with radiation, chemotherapy, or both, patients with lymphoma are living longer. The improved survival has led to an increased awareness of long term complications including second or subsequent malignancies. We have recently seen six cases of lung cancer‐three adenocarcinomas, one squamous cell carcinoma, and two small cell carcinomas‐among 655 patients with Hodgkin and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma suggesting a possible association, although other carcinogenic or cocarcinogenic factors cannot be eliminated.
Childhood T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia expressing “Ia‐like” antigen: A case report
Authors: Kupa Ann , Beckman Ian G. R. , Bradley John , Moore Helen , Thomas Miriam , Zola Heddy , Cheney Kevin , Rice Michael , Toogood Ian 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 4‐year‐old girl presenting with vomiting, abdominal pain, and renal failure was found to have gross hepatosplenomegaly, a renal mass, and bilateral pleural effusions. A diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) was suggested by a peripheral white cell count (WCC) of 119,000 × 106/mm3, 57% blasts, 22% lymphocytes, and confirmed by bone marrow examination. Lymphocyte surface marker studies at diagnosis enabled classification as a T‐ALL, with a significant proportion of the T cells also bearing receptors for the third component of complement (C3). Seventy‐two percent of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells reacted with anti‐Ia monoclonal antibody (FMC 4), and a smaller proportion (25%) carried receptors for the Fc portion of IgG.The T‐classification of this ALL was verified at central nervous system (CNS) relapse and at a subsequent nodal relapse. Double‐marker studies on cells from the infiltrated lymph node prepared in suspension confirmed the presence of Ia‐positive T cells. The Ia marker is usually a useful discriminant between T and non‐T cells in normal and ALL cell populations. The case described here highlights the need for a panel of markers to be used in classification of childhood ALL and supports the suggestion that there is a distinct subtype of Ia‐positive T‐ALL.
Late effects of treatment of cancer in infancy
Authors: Pastore Guido , Antonelli Richard , Fine William , Li Frederick P. , Sallan Stephen E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEighty‐six children were diagnosed with cancer in infancy, followed for at least 5 years, and assessed for late effects of disease and therapy. One child subsequently died from respiratory failure and 3 died from second primary cancers. Another patient survived second primary cancers of the skin. The high frequency of new cancers (4 observed, 0.09 expected) was attributable to host susceptibility factors and treatment effects. Kyphoscoliosis was diagnosed in 44 patients, 40 of whom had received radiotherapy to the spine. Other patients had neurologic deficits, pulmonary fibrosis, hypoplastic breasts, bowel adhesions, thyroid nodules, musculoskeletal defects, and liver fibrosis associated with tumor therapy. Sequelae of cancer were more common after treatment in infancy than in later childhood. Improved treatments and knowledge of natural history can reduce adverse effects of therapy.
Treatment of small cell lung cancer: Intensive remission induction, radiation therapy, and maintenance chemotherapy
Authors: Bezwoda W. R. , Derman D. P. , de Moor N. G. , Kallenbach J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForty‐eight patients with small cell lung cancer were treated with an intensive therapy regimen which included induction chemotherapy with vincristine, adriamycin, procarbazine, and methotrexate. This was followed by radiation therapy given to areas of residual disease after restaging. Maintenance chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and procarbazine was then given to patients who had entered complete remission (CR). Fifteen out of 17 patients with limited disease (88%) achieved complete remission. Remission rates for patients with extrathoracic metastases were somewhat lower. Seven of 11 patients (64%) of patients with a single extrathoracic metastatic site achieved CR, while only 6/20 (30%) with multiple extrathoracic metastases went into remission. Median survival for patients who achieved complete remission was 17 months.
Radiation dose to the thyroid in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
Authors: Rogers Paul C. J. , Fryer Christopher J. H. , Hussein Sherali 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSixteen children who received cranial irradiation for CNS prophylaxis of leukemia were evaluated for dose of radiation received to the thyroid. Radiation dose received by the thyroid varied between 2.8 to 7.5% of the given dose to the cranium. This is sufficient radiation to increase the risk of long‐term thyroid pathology.