bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal killing of human colon cancer cells is associated with the loss of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A
Authors: Gosslau Alexander , Jao David Li‐en , Butler Renee , Liu Alice Y.‐C. , Chen Kuang Yu 
Published: January 2009

AbstractHeat‐induced cell death appears to be a cell‐specific event. Chronic heat stress was lethal to human colon cancer cells (Caco‐2, HT29, and HCT116), but not to normal diploid fibroblasts and other cancer cells (BJ‐T, WI38, HeLa, ovarian 2008, WI38VA). Acute heat stress (45–51°C, 30 min) caused cell death of colon cancer cells during recovery at physiological temperature. Thermal killing of Caco‐2 cells was not mediated via oxidative stress since Caco‐2 cells were much more resistant than HeLa and other cancer cells to H2O2‐induced cell death. Acute heat stress caused a striking loss of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) in colon cancer cells, but not in HeLa and other normal or transformed human fibroblasts. The heat‐induced loss of eIF5A is likely to be due to changes in the protein stability. The half‐life of eIF5A was changed from >20 h to less than 30 min during the acute heat stress. Sequence analysis of the eIF5A gene from Caco‐2 and HeLa cells did not reveal any difference, suggesting that the change in stability in Caco‐2 cells was not due to any eIF5A mutation. Pretreatment of cells with protease inhibitors such as phenylmethyl sulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) partially blocked the heat‐induced loss of eIF5A and prevented heat‐induced cell death. In light of the essential role of eIF5A in cell survival and proliferation, our results suggest that the stability of eIF5A may have an important role in determining the fate of the particular cell type after severe heat stress. J. Cell. Physiol. 219: 485–493, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immunomodulatory properties of human periodontal ligament stem cells
Authors: Wada Naohisa , Menicanin Danijela , Shi Songtao , Bartold P. Mark , Gronthos Stan 
Published: January 2009

AbstractTissue engineering utilizing periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) has recently been proposed for the development of new periodontal regenerative therapies. Although the use of autologous PDLSC transplantation eliminates the potential of a significant host immune response against the donor cells, it is often difficult to generate enough PDLSCs from one donor source due to the variation of stem cell potential between donors and disease state of each patient. In this study, we examined the immunomodulatory properties of PDLSCs as candidates for new allogeneic stem cell‐based therapies. Human PDLSCs displayed cell surface marker characteristics and differentiation potential similar to bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSSCs) and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). PDLSCs, BMSSCs, and DPSCs inhibited peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMNC) proliferation stimulated with mitogen or in an allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). Interestingly, gingival fibroblasts (GFs) also suppressed allogeneic PBMNC proliferation under both assay conditions. PDLSCs, BMSSCs, DPSCs, and GFs exhibited non‐cell contact dependent suppression of PBMNC proliferation in co‐cultures using transwells. Furthermore, conditioned media (CM) derived from each cell type pretreated with IFN‐γ partially suppressed PBMNC proliferation when compared to CMs without IFN‐γ stimulation. In all of these mesenchymal cell types cultured with activated PBMNCs, the expression of TGF‐β1, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and indoleamine 2, 3‐dioxygenase (IDO) was upregulated while IDO expression was upregulated following stimulation with IFN‐γ. These results suggest that PDLSCs, BMSSCs, DPSCs, and GFs possess immunosuppressive properties mediated, in part, by soluble factors, produced by activated PBMNCs. J. Cell. Physiol. 219: 667–676, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fast and sensitive liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry method to study ocular penetration of EDL‐155, a novel antitumor agent for retinoblastoma in rats
Authors: Ramagiri Suma , Ma Fei , Kosanam Hari , Wang XiangDi , Patil Renukadevi , Miller Duane D. , Geisert Eldon , Yates Charles R. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractOur group has used the tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative EDL‐155 to treat glioblastoma in animal models and it is currently being evaluated in the treatment of ocular cancers. The purpose of this study was to develop a rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) method to study the plasma and vitreous humor disposition of EDL‐155 in rats. Animals received a single periocular injection of EDL‐155 (20 mg/kg). Animals were sacrificed at specified times (5, 60, 120, 240 and 360 min) and plasma and vitreous humor samples were obtained. EDL‐155 was isolated by protein precipitation and the extracts were analyzed by reversed‐phase high‐pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with MS/MS detection. A structurally similar analog was used as internal standard (IS). The chromatographic run time was 3.5 min per injection. The mass spectrometer was operated in positive‐ion, multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The mass transitions monitored were m/z332.2 → 167.2 (EDL‐155) and m/z391.2 → 200.2 (IS). The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 0.1 ng/ml in both vitreous humor and plasma. The method was validated for selectivity, linearity, accuracy and precision in rat vitreous humor and partially validated for accuracy and precision in rat plasma. The ion suppression, recovery and stability of the analyte in the biological matrix were also tested. The assay was rapid, sensitive and robust enough to support EDL‐155 ocular penetration studies in a rodent model of intraocular cancer. Application of this method revealed that EDL‐155 was rapidly passed into the vitreous humor following periocular administration. Further, vitreous humor exposure exceeded systemic exposure by approximately sevenfold. High local concentrations coupled with minimal systemic exposure supports further testing of EDL‐155 as localized therapy for intraocular cancers. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Potential of long capillary monolithic columns for the analysis of protein digests
Authors: van de Meent Michiel H. M. , de Jong Gerhardus J. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe gain in separation efficiency for protein digests using long monolithic columns has been evaluated for a LC‐MS system with capillary monolithic columns of different lengths (150 and 750 mm). A mixture of BSA, α‐casein and β‐casein tryptic digests was used as a test sample. Peak capacity and productivity (peak capacity per unit time) were determined from base peak chromatograms and MS/MS data were used for protein identification by MASCOT database searching. Peak capacity and protein identification scores were higher for the long column. Analyses with similar gradient slope for the two columns produced ratios of the peak capacities that were slightly higher than the expected value of the square root of the column length ratio. Peak capacity ratios varied from 2.7 to 4.0 for four different gradient slopes, while protein identification scores were 2–4 times higher for the long column. Similar values were obtained for the productivity of both columns and the highest productivity was obtained at gradient times of 45 and 75 min for the short and long column, respectively. The use of long monolithic columns improves peptide separation and increases reliability of protein identification for complex digests, especially if longer gradients are chosen.
Poly(N,N‐dimethylacrylamide‐co‐4‐(ethyl)‐morpholine methacrylamide) copolymer as coating for CE
Authors: Bernal José , Sánchez‐Hernández Laura , Elvira Carlos , Velasco Diego , Ibáñez Elena , Cifuentes Alejandro 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn this work, a new physically adsorbed coating for CE is presented. This coating is based on a poly(N,N‐dimethylacrylamide‐co‐4‐(ethyl)‐morpholine methacrylamide) (DMA/MAEM) copolymer synthesized in our laboratory. It is demonstrated that the direction and magnitude of the EOF in CE can be modulated by varying the composition of the DMA/MAEM copolymer and the type and pH of the BGE. Moreover, the DMA/MAEM coating provides %RSDn = 5 values for migration times lower than 0.9% for the same capillary and day, whereas the %RSDn = 25 obtained for the interday assay was lower than 2.9%. The stability of the coating procedure is also tested between capillaries obtaining %RSDn = 15 values lower than 2.9%, demonstrating that this physically adsorbed copolymer gives rise to a stable and reproducible coating in CE. Finally, the usefulness of this new cationic copolymer as CE coating is demonstrated through different applications. Namely, it is demonstrated that the CE separation of basic proteins, nucleotides and organic acids is achieved in a fast and easy way by using the DMA/MAEM coated capillary. The use of fused bare silica capillaries did not allow the separation of these compounds under the same analytical conditions. These results demonstrate that this type of coating in CE provides the option of using BGEs that are useless when utilized together with bare silica capillaries making wider the application and possibilities of this analytical technique.
Effect of quasi‐interpenetrating network of polyacrylamide and poly(N,N‐dimethylacrylamide) on separation of dsDNA fragments and basic protein using CE
Authors: Song Weihua , Zhou Dan , Peng Shuhua , Wang Yanmei 
Published: January 2009

AbstractQuasi‐interpenetrating network (quasi‐IPN) of linear polyacrylamide (LPA) with low molecular mass and poly(N,N‐dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA), which is shown to uniquely combine the superior sieving ability of LPA with the coating ability of PDMA, has been synthesized for application in dsDNA and basic protein separation by CE. The performance of quasi‐IPN on dsDNA separation was determined by polymer concentration, electric field strength, LPA molecular masses and different acrylamide (AM) to N,N‐dimethylacrylamide (DMA) ratio. The results showed that all fragments in Φ×174/HaeIII digest were achieved with a 30 cm effective capillary length at –6 kV at an appropriate polymer solution concentration in bare silica capillaries. Furthermore, EOF measurement results showed that quasi‐IPN exhibited good capillary coating ability, via adsorption from aqueous solution, efficiently suppressing EOF. The effect of the buffer pH values on the separation of basic proteins was investigated in detail. The separation efficiencies and analysis reproducibility demonstrated the good potentiality of quasi‐IPN matrix for suppressing the adsorption of basic proteins onto the silica capillary wall. In addition, when quasi‐IPN was used both as sieving matrix and dynamic coating in bare silica capillaries, higher peak separation efficiencies, and better migration time reproducibility were obtained.
Sensitivity enhancement in tandem liquid chromatographic mass spectrometric assays by summation of two transition ion pairs – perspectives
Authors: Srinivas Nuggehally R. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe introduction of tandem liquid chromatographic mass spectrometric assays has boosted the sensitivity of the bioanalytical determination for the scores of analytes as compared to other conventional modes of detection [1–6]. Additionally, many intelligent variants such as improved ionization potential, suitable adduct formation, and/or identification of a precursor ion, switching of modality of detection (+ve to –ve and vice versa), and derivatization steps (to aid fragmentation and/or impart ionization property) within tandem mass spectrometric assays have further aided in improving the sensitivity. Some researchers have also expressed thoughts of using matrix effects in a beneficial manner so that there may be ion enhancement for improving the sensitivity of the assay.
Outcome of minimally invasive management of salivary calculi in 4,691 patients
Authors: Iro Heinrich , Zenk Johannes , Escudier Michael P. , Nahlieli Oded , Capaccio Pasquale , Katz Philippe , Brown Jackie , McGurk Mark 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the application of minimally invasive techniques in the management of salivary stones.Background:The incidence of salivary calculi is 60 cases/million/year, with most stones situated in the mid or proximal duct. The current treatment of these stones is adenectomy. This paper reports the results of minimally invasive methods of stone removal that avoid gland excision.Methods:Observational study of 5,528 consecutive patients treated by lithotripsy, endoscopy, basket retrieval, and /or surgery in five centers from 1990 to 2004 inclusive. A total of 567cases were excluded, leaving 4,691 patients (parotid n = 1,165, submandibular n = 3,526) for analysis.Results:Salivary calculi were eliminated in 3,775/4,691 (80.5%) of cases and partly cleared in 782/4,691 (16.7%). Salivary glands were removed in 134/4,691 (2.9%) of patients with symptoms in whom treatment failed.Conclusions:Minimally invasive techniques move treatment of salivary calculi to an outpatient or a day case setting. They are reliable ways of both retrieving stones and eliminating symptoms, and mean that the gland rarely has to be removed. Laryngoscope, 2009
CT analysis after distraction osteogenesis in Pierre Robin Sequence
Authors: Roy Saswata , Munson Patrick D. , Zhao Linping , Holinger Lauren D. , Patel Pravin K. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Early mandibular lengthening by distraction osteogenesis provides an alternative to traditional methods of airway management in infants with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS). Little evidence in the medical literature quantitatively demonstrates the changes in skeletal, soft tissue, and hypopharyngeal spaces with mandibular distraction.Study Design:Prospective analysis of a cohort of three patients with PRS.Methods:We reviewed a series of infants with PRS and severe upper airway obstruction who underwent mandibular distraction. The infants underwent mandibular lengthening with the same internal, unidirectional distraction osteogenesis device. Standardized serial computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained according to established protocol. Computed tomography data were extracted and analyzed with medical image analysis software for mandibulo‐maxillary arch harmony, symmetry, hypopharyngeal airway volume, geniohyoid distance, distraction osteogenesis bone volume, and mandibular length.Results:Mandibulo‐maxillary alveolar ridge distances were corrected to 0.5 mm after distraction. Clinical examination showed good arch harmony without open‐bite or cross‐bite deformities. Mandibular ramus was lengthened by 19.5%; the body, 43.4%. After distraction, total mandibular length was increased by 26.2%; hypopharyngeal airway volume, 192%; posterior distance from pharyngeal wall to tongue base, 198.9%; and geniohyoid distance, 14.1%.Conclusions:Unidirectional internal microdistractors can achieve good mandibulo‐maxillary arch harmony. Hypopharyngeal airway volume increases substantially, with an even greater increase in distance between tongue base and posterior pharyngeal wall. As the distal mandibular segment is distracted, the hyoid moves anteriorly, with minor increase in geniohyoid relationship. Internal mandibular microdistraction devices represent a substantial advance in airway obstruction management in infants with micrognathia. Laryngoscope, 2009
Video rigid laryngeal endoscopy compared to laryngeal mirror examination: An assessment of patient comfort and clinical visualization
Authors: Dunklebarger Joshua , Rhee Diane , Kim Seungwon , Ferguson Berrylin 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectives:To determine whether there are differences in patient preference and extent of laryngeal visualization between video rigid (30 degree endoscope) laryngoscopy (VRL) and laryngeal mirror examination (LME).Study Design:A prospective comparison by patients undergoing laryngeal examination by both VRL and LME conducted by two examiners experienced in both mirror and rigid video endoscopy.Methods:Forty‐three patients had laryngeal examination by both VRL and LME in alternating order. Patients were instructed to observe their exam on a monitor screen during the rigid exam. At the conclusioon of both laryngeal examinations, patients were asked to rank comfort and level of gagging on a 1 to 10 scale for both VRL and LME, as well as preference between the two methods and whether seeing their laryngeal examination on the video screen was helpful. The extent of laryngeal visualization by the clinician was recorded for each examination.Results:Patient comfort level was greater with VRL (P < .001) and gagging was significantly less with VRL (P < .001) compared to LME. VRL provided a more complete examination of the larynx by the clinician (P < .001) compared to LME. Patient preference significantly favored VRL (79.1%) compared to LME (18.4%) and 2.3% had no preference (P < .001) A total of 83.7% found visualization of laryngeal exam on the monitor during the VRL helpful.Conclusions:VRL is superior to LME for most patients based on comfort, extent of laryngeal examination by the clinician, and patient preference. The majority of patients found visualization of their laryngeal examination during VRL to be helpful. Laryngoscope, 2009
Middle ear pressure change as a function of body position
Authors: Cinamon Udi , Russo Eyal , Levy Dalia 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjective:To verify and assess immediate middle ear (ME) pressure changes as a function of body position.Study Design:A prospective clinical trail.Patients and Methods:Twenty‐six adult volunteers having 52 normal, healthy ears had tympanometric ME pressures measured in an upright and recumbent positions. Recordings were obtained immediately after positioning and after 3 minutes. The main outcome measure was the pressure difference between upright and recumbent measurements, that is, positional ME pressure change.Results:All ME pressure recordings were within (−)100 to (+)55 mmH2O. An instant and significant (P < .001) pressure elevation was recorded in all ears once position changed from upright to recumbent. The average pressure increment was 19 mmH2O. Once a recumbent ear was repositioned upright it demonstrated an immediate pressure drop and regaining the initial ME pressure. Assuming the volume of a normal ME cleft as 8 mL and following Boyle's law, an ME volume alteration of about 17 μL was required to induce such pressure change.Conclusions:Positional pressure changes were within the range of normal daily ME pressure variations. The instantaneous pressure changes and reversibility may be explained by filling and emptying of blood vessels within the ME cleft, following gravity causing an alteration of the aerated volume. Individual differences of pressure change may follow variability of ME cleft volume, its surface, and vessel density. Laryngoscope, 2009
Mitomycin C and the endoscopic treatment of laryngotracheal stenosis: Are two applications better than one?
Authors: Smith Marshall E. , Elstad Mark 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Endoscopic treatment of laryngotracheal stenosis by airway dilation, despite short‐term improvement, is often associated with long‐term relapse. Mitomycin‐C (MMC) inhibits fibroblast proliferation and synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins, and thereby modulates wound healing and scarring. MMC application at the time of endoscopic dilation and laser surgery has been suggested to improve outcomes, but this has not been studied in a rigorous manner. This study examines the hypothesis that two topical applications of MMC given 3–6 weeks apart will result in decreased scarring/restenosis of the airway, when compared to a single topical application.Study Design:A randomized, prospective, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial.Methods:Twenty‐six patients with laryngotracheal stenosis due to idiopathic subglottic stenosis, postintubation stenosis, or Wegener's granulomatosis entered a protocol to receive three endoscopic CO2 laser and dilation procedures over a 3‐month interval. At the first procedure, after radial CO2 laser incision and airway dilation, all patients received topical application of MMC (0.5 mg/mL) to the airway lesion. One month later, a second endoscopic incision and dilation was performed and the patients were randomized to either a second application of mitomycin‐C or to application of saline placebo. A third dilation procedure was performed 2 months later, without MMC application. Patients were followed for up to 5 years for relapse of airway stenosis with clinical symptoms sufficient to require a subsequent procedure.Results:The relapse rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 7%, 36%, and 69% for patients treated with two applications of MMC compared to 33%, 58%, and 70% for patients treated with one application of MMC. The median interval to relapse was 3.8 years in the two‐application group, compared with 2.4 years in the one‐application group.Conclusions:This prospective randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial suggests that, in the endoscopic management of laryngotracheal stenosis, two applications of MMC given 3–4 weeks apart after airway radial incision and dilation reduces the restenosis rate for 2 to 3 years after treatment when compared to a single application. However, restenosis and delayed symptom recurrence continues so that at 5 years the relapse rates are the same. Thus, MMC may postpone, but does not prevent, the recurrence of symptomatic stenosis in the majority of patients. Laryngoscope, 2009
Thermal effects of mobile phones on facial nerves and surrounding soft tissue
Authors: Acar Gul Ozbilen , Yener H. Murat , Savrun Feray Karaali , Kalkan Tunaya , Bayrak Ibrahim , Enver Ozgun 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjective:To investigate the possible thermal effects of microwaves from mobile phones on facial nerves (FN) and surrounding soft tissue.Study Design:A prospective study.Methods:We studied FN conduction rate and compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) on 12 rabbits before exposure to radiofrequency radiation (RFR) emitted from a mobile phone. Also, the temperature change in the soft tissues around the FN was investigated by a four channel Luxtron fiber optic system. A mobile phone with 1900 MHz frequency was placed over the ipsilateral ear of the rabbit for 25 minutes, and FN and surrounding tissues were exposed to a 1.5 watts pulse modulated (217 packets/s) electromagnetic field. During exposure to RFR, immediately after turning off the mobile phone, and 25 minutes after the exposure temperature change in the surrounding tissue of the FN was recorded and compared to preexposure values. Additionally, another recording regarding the FN functions was done and the data were compared to preexposure values.Results:The average temperature of the surrounding soft tissues was 0.39 K higher than the preexposure values during the exposure and immediately after turning off the mobile phone, and decreased to normal levels 25 minutes after the exposure, which was statistically significant. The amplitudes of FN CMAP after radiofrequency radiation exposure were significantly smaller than the preexposure amplitudes and the amplitudes were normal in the 25 minute measurement.Conclusion:The RFR emitted from a mobile phone can cause temporary FN dysfunction that can be due to temporary temperature increase in the soft tissue around the FN. Laryngoscope, 2009