bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term, non-invasive FTIR detection of low-dose ionizing radiation exposure
Authors: Inman Jamie L. , Wu Yulun , Chen Liang , Brydon Ella , Ghosh Dhruba , Wan Kenneth H. , De Chant Jared , Obst-Huebl Lieselotte , Nakamura Kei , Ralston Corie Y. , Celniker Susan E. , Mao Jian-Hua , Zwart Peter H. , Holman Hoi-Ying N. , Chang Hang , Brown James B. , Snijders Antoine M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNon-invasive methods of detecting radiation exposure show promise to improve upon current approaches to biological dosimetry in ease, speed, and accuracy. Here we developed a pipeline that employs Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in the mid-infrared spectrum to identify a signature of low dose ionizing radiation exposure in mouse ear pinnae over time. Mice exposed to 0.1 to 2 Gy total body irradiation were repeatedly measured by FTIR at the stratum corneum of the ear pinnae. We found significant discriminative power for all doses and time-points out to 90 days after exposure. Classification accuracy was maximized when testing 14 days after exposure (specificity > 0.9 with a sensitivity threshold of 0.9) and dropped by roughly 30% sensitivity at 90 days. Infrared frequencies point towards biological changes in DNA conformation, lipid oxidation and accumulation and shifts in protein secondary structure. Since only hundreds of samples were used to learn the highly discriminative signature, developing human-relevant diagnostic capabilities is likely feasible and this non-invasive procedure points toward rapid, non-invasive, and reagent-free biodosimetry applications at population scales.
Application of analysis of variance to determine important features of signals for diagnostic classifiers of displacement pumps
Authors: Konieczny Jarosław , Łatas Waldemar , Stojek Jerzy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper presents the use of one-way analysis of variance ANOVA as an effective tool for ranking the features calculated from diagnostic signals and evaluates their impact on the accuracy of the machine learning system's classification of displacement pump wear.The first part includes a review of contemporary diagnostic systems and a description of typical damage of multi-piston displacement pumps and Its causes. The work also contains description of a diagnostic experiment which was conducted in order to obtain the matrix of vibration signals and the matrix of pressures measured at selected locations on the pump housing and at the pump pressure line. The measured signals were subjected to time–frequency analysis. The features of signals calculated in the time and frequency domains were ranked using the ANOVA. The next step involved the use the available classifiers in pump wear evaluation, conducting tests and assessing their effectiveness in terms of the ranking of features and the origin of diagnostic signals.
Symmetric projection optimizer: concise and efficient solving engineering problems using the fundamental wave of the Fourier series
Authors: Su Haoxiang , Dong Zhenghong , Liu Yi , Mu Yao , Li Sen , Xia Lurui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe fitness function value is a kind of important information in the search process, which can be more targeted according to the guidance of the fitness function value. Most existing meta-heuristic algorithms only use the fitness function value as an indicator to compare the current variables as good or bad but do not use the fitness function value in the search process. To address this problem, the mathematical idea of the fitting is introduced into the meta-heuristic algorithm, and a symmetric projection optimizer (SPO) is proposed to solve numerical optimization and engineering problems more efficiently. The SPO algorithm mainly utilizes a new search mechanism, the symmetric projection search (SP) method. The SP method quickly completes the fitting of the projection plane, which is located through the symmetry of the two points and finds the minima in the projection plane according to the fitting result. Fitting by using the fitness function values allows the SP to find regions where extreme values may exist more quickly. Based on the SP method, exploration and exploitation strategies are constructed, respectively. The exploration strategy is used to find better regions, and the exploitation strategy is used to optimize the discovered regions continuously. The timing of the use of the two strategies is designed so that the SPO algorithm can converge faster while avoiding falling into local optima. The effectiveness of the SPO algorithm is extensively evaluated using seven test suites, including CEC2017, CEC2019, CEC2020, and CEC2022. It is also compared with two sets of 19 recent competitive algorithms. Statistical analyses are performed using five metrics such as the Wilcoxon test, the Friedman test, and variance. Finally, the practicality of the SPO algorithm is verified by four typical engineering problems and a real spacecraft trajectory optimization problem. The results show that the SPO algorithm can find superior results in 94.6% of the comparison tests and is a promising alternative for solving real-world problems.
First use of silicon carbide detectors with graphene-enhanced contacts for medical dosimetry
Authors: Lopez Paz Ivan , Fleta Celeste , Gomez Faustino , González Diego Miguel , Pellegrini Giulio 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSilicon Carbide (SiC) is a radiation hard wide bandgap semiconductor, which makes it an interesting alternative for radiation detector fabrication, with potential applications such as High Energy Physics, synchrotron and radiotherapy instrumentation. In addition, by reducing the amount of metal over the active area of said detectors (typically used for electrical connectivity with the implant of the pn-junction) unwanted effects from secondary interactions which can affect the accuracy of the measurement can be diminished, essential to meet the medical standards of precision. In this article, the use of epitaxially-grown graphene is explored as an alternative to metallic contacts with these prototypes. To this end, the first prototypes of SiC diodes with epitaxial graphene contacts were produced at IMB-CNM for radiation detection,along with reference devices. In order to characterise the feasibility of the technology in the medical application, the dose rate linearity of the SiC device with graphene was measured in a radiotherapy Linac in the dose rate range of 1–6 Gy/min. The response of the device was compared to that observed on devices with similar geometries reported elsewhere. To fully characterise the devices, the same exercise was repeated in a laboratory X-ray tube. Under the later set-up, the prototype is compared against a device with a fully metallised active region.
Immunoinformatics and computational approaches driven designing a novel vaccine candidate against Powassan virus
Authors: Nguyen Truc Ly , Kim Heebal 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPowassan virus (POWV) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) capable of causing severe illness in humans for severe neurological complications, and its incidence has been on the rise in recent years due to climate change, posing a growing public health concern. Currently, no vaccines to prevent or medicines to treat POWV disease, emphasizing the urgent need for effective countermeasures. In this study, we utilize bioinformatics approaches to target proteins of POWV, including the capsid, envelope, and membrane proteins, to predict diverse B-cell and T-cell epitopes. These epitopes underwent screening for critical properties such as antigenicity, allergenicity, toxicity, and cytokine induction potential. Eight selected epitopes were then conjugated with adjuvants using various linkers, resulting in designing of a potentially stable and immunogenic vaccine candidate against POWV. Moreover, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and immune simulations revealed a stable interaction pattern with the immune receptor, suggesting the vaccine's potential to induce robust immune responses. In conclusion, our study provided a set of derived epitopes from POWV’s proteins, demonstrating the potential for a novel vaccine candidate against POWV. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are warranted to advance our efforts and move closer to the goal of combatting POWV and related arbovirus infections.
Divergent bacterial landscapes: unraveling geographically driven microbiomes in Atlantic cod
Authors: Fronton Fanny , Villemur Richard , Robert Dominique , St-Pierre Yves 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEstablishing microbiome signatures is now recognized as a critical step toward identifying genetic and environmental factors shaping animal-associated microbiomes and informing the health status of a given host. In the present work, we prospectively collected 63 blood samples of the Atlantic cod population of the Southern Gulf of Saint Lawrence (GSL) and characterized their 16S rRNA circulating microbiome signature. Our results revealed that the blood microbiome signature was dominated at the phylum level by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria, a typical signature for fish populations inhabiting the GSL and other marine ecosystems. At the genus level, however, we identified two distinct cod groups. While the microbiome signature of the first group was dominated by Pseudoalteromonas, a genus we previously found in the microbiome signature of Greenland and Atlantic halibut populations of the GSL, the second group had a microbiome signature dominated by Nitrobacter and Sediminibacterium (approximately 75% of the circulating microbiome). Cods harboring a Nitrobacter/Sediminibacterium-rich microbiome signature were localized in the most southern part of the GSL, just along the northern coast of Cape Breton Island. Atlantic cod microbiome signatures did not correlate with the weight, length, relative condition, depth, temperature, sex, and salinity, as previously observed in the halibut populations. Our study provides, for the first time, a unique snapshot of the circulating microbiome signature of Atlantic cod populations and the potential existence of dysbiotic signatures associated with the geographical distribution of the population, probably linked with the presence of nitrite in the environment.
Space dynamic target tracking method based on five-frame difference and Deepsort
Authors: Huang Cheng , Zeng Quanli , Xiong Fangyu , Xu Jiazhong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFor the problem of space dynamic target tracking with occlusion, this paper proposes an online tracking method based on the combination between the five-frame difference and Deepsort (Simple Online and Realtime Tracking with a Deep Association Metric), which is to achieve the identification first and then tracking of the dynamic target. First of all, according to three-frame difference, the five-frame difference is improved, and through the integration with ViBe (Visual Background Extraction), the accuracy and anti-interference ability are enhanced; Secondly, the YOLOv5s (You Look Only Once) is improved using preprocessing of DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transformation) and injecting GAM (Global Attention Module), which is considered as the detector for Deepsort to solve the missing in occlusion, and the real-time and accuracy can be strengthened; Lastly, simulation results show that the proposed space dynamic target tracking can keep stable to track all dynamic targets under the background interference and occlusion, the tracking precision is improved to 93.88%. Furthermore, there is a combination with the physical depth camera D435i, experiments on target dynamics show the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed recognition and tracking algorithm in the face of strong light and occlusion.
A risk prediction nomogram for resistant hypertension in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Lin Hongze , Zhou Chen , Li Jiaying , Ma Xiuqin , Yang Yan , Zhu Taofeng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPatients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are liable to have resistant hypertension (RH) associated with unfavorable cardiovascular events. It is of necessity to predict OSA patients who are susceptible to resistant hypertension. Hence, we conducted a retrospective study based on the clinical records of OSA patients admitted to Yixing Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University from January 2018 to December 2022. According to different time periods, patients diagnosed between January 2018 and December 2021 were included in the training set (n = 539) for modeling, and those diagnosed between January 2022 and December 2022 were enrolled into the validation set (n = 259) for further assessment. The incidence of RH in the training set and external validation set was comparable (P = 0.396). The related clinical data of patients enrolled were collected and analyzed through univariate analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression analysis to identify independent risk factors and construct a nomogram. Finally, five variables were confirmed as independent risk factors for OSA patients with RH, including smoking, heart disease, neck circumference, AHI and T90. The nomogram established on the basis of variables above was shown to have good discrimination and calibration in both the training set and validation set. Decision curve analysis indicated that the nomogram was useful for a majority of OSA patients. Therefore, our nomogram might be useful to identify OSA patients at high risk of developing RH and facilitate the individualized management of OSA patients in clinical practice.
Response of upper tropospheric water vapor to global warming and ENSO
Authors: Li Li , Chen Zhiping , Wang Bingkun , Fan Jiao , Lu Tieding , Lv Kaiyun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe upper tropospheric water vapor is a key component of Earth's climate. Understanding variations in upper tropospheric water vapor and identifying its influencing factors is crucial for enhancing our comprehension of global climate change. While many studies have shown the impact of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and global warming on water vapor, how they affect the upper tropospheric water vapor remains unclear. Long-term, high-precision ERA5 specific humidity data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) provided the data foundation for this study. On this basis, we successfully obtained the patterns of global warming (Independent Component 1, IC1) and ENSO (Independent Component 2, IC2) by employing the strategy of independent component analysis (ICA) combined with non-parametric optimal dimension selection to investigate the upper tropospheric water vapor variations and responses to ENSO and global warming. The results indicate that global warming and ENSO are the primary factors contributing to water vapor variations in the upper troposphere, achieving the significant correlations of 0.87 and 0.61 with water vapor anomalies respectively. Together, they account for 86% of the global interannual variations in water vapor. Consistent with previous studies, our findings also find positive anomalies in upper tropospheric water vapor during El Niño years and negative anomalies during La Niña years. Moreover, the influence extent of ENSO on upper tropospheric water vapor varies with the changing seasons.
The effects of green and chemically-synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles on the production and gene expression of morphinan alkaloids in Oriental poppy
Authors: khaldari Iman , Naghavi Mohammad Reza , Motamedi Elaheh , Zargar Meisam 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOriental poppy (Papaver orientale L.) belonging to the Papaveraceae family, has the capacity to synthesize a wide range of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs). This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of green and chemical copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) elicitors on oxidative stress and the BIAs biosynthesis pathway in the cell suspension culture of P. orientale. This research shows that both green and chemical CuO NPs at concentrations of 20 mg/L and 40 mg/L, induce oxidative stress in the cell suspension of P. orientale by increasing the production of H2O2 and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The comparison of treatments revealed that utilizing a lower concentration of CuO NPs (20 mg/L) and extending the duration of cell suspension incubation (up to 48 h) play a more influential role in inducing the expression of the BIAs biosynthesis pathway genes (PsWRKY, TYDC, SalSyn, SalR, SalAT, T6ODM, COR and CODM) and increasing the production of morphinan alkaloids (thebaine, codeine, and morphine). The overarching results indicate that the concentration of CuO NPs and the duration of cell treatment have a more significant impact than the nature of CuO NPs in inducing oxidative stress and stimulating the expression of the BIAs pathway genes.
Therapeutic effect and study of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells in patients with ischaemic bowel disease
Authors: Cai Xiaoxiao , Li Yonghao , Gao Fengyu , Muhammad Bilal , Yang Hongli 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIschaemic bowel disease (ICBD) is a group of intestinal ischaemia syndromes caused by various aetiologies of reduced intestinal blood flow or vascular occlusion. ICBD can present as abdominal pain, bloody stool, and diarrhoea. This disease often occurs in middle-aged and elderly individuals with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The incidence of ischaemic bowel disease has been increasing for decades, and it is difficult to diagnose, resulting in rapid disease progression and a high mortality rate. Therefore, fully understanding this disease, improving the diagnosis rate of this disease, and finding appropriate treatment methods are urgently needed to improve the condition and prognosis of patients. Umbilical cord blood stem cells are accessible, have weak immunogenicity, and have various biological functions, such as angiogenesis, inflammation and immune regulation. Many studies have confirmed that cord blood stem cells can relieve ischaemia, and these cells have attracted tremendous amounts of attention in regenerative medicine in recent years. In this paper, we discuss the clinical characteristics of ICBD, analyse the characteristics of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (HUCB-MNCs), and use its to treat ischaemic bowel disease. Additionally, we compare the clinical manifestations and related indicators before and after treatment to evaluate the efficacy and safety of these methods.
Effect of digital ocular massage on intraocular pressure and Schlemm’s canal dimensions
Authors: Wu Tiffany H. Y. , Lau Henry K. C. , Lai Carmelo H. Y. , Wong Ruby W. L. , Wong Antonia K. W. , Lam Andrew Kwok-cheung 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDigital ocular massage has been reported to temporarily lower intraocular pressure (IOP). This could be related to an enhanced aqueous humor outflow; however, the mechanism is not clearly understood. Using anterior segment optical coherence tomography, the Schlemm’s canal (SC) and trabecular meshwork (TM) can be imaged and measured. Here, 66 healthy adults underwent digital ocular massage for 10 min in their right eyes. The IOP and dimensions of the SC and TM were measured before and after ocular massage. All subjects demonstrated IOP reduction from 15.7 ± 2.5 mmHg at baseline to 9.6 ± 2.2 mmHg immediately after, and median of 11.6 mmHg 5-min after ocular massage (Friedman’s test, p < 0.001). There was significant change in SC area (median 10,063.5 μm2 at baseline to median 10,151.0 μm2 after ocular massage, Wilcoxon test, p = 0.02), and TM thickness (median 149.8 μm at baseline to 144.6 ± 25.3 μm after ocular massage, Wilcoxon test, p = 0.036). One-third of the subjects demonstrated collapse of the SC area (−2 to −52%), while two-thirds showed expansion of the SC area (2 to 168%). There were no significant changes in SC diameter (270.4 ± 84.1 μm vs. 276.5 ± 68.7 μm, paired t-test, p = 0.499), and TM width (733.3 ± 110.1 μm vs. 733.5 ± 111.6 μm, paired t-test, p = 0.988). Eyes with a higher baseline IOP demonstrated a greater IOP reduction (Pearson correlation coefficient r = −0.521, p < 0.001). Eyes with smaller SC area at baseline showed greater SC area expansion (Pearson correlation coefficient = −0.389, p < 0.001). Greater IOP reduction appeared in eyes with greater SC area expansion (Pearson correlation coefficient r = −0.306, p = 0.01). Association between change in IOP and change in TM thickness was not significant (Spearman’s ρ = 0.015, p = 0.902). Simple digital ocular massage is an effective method to lower IOP values, and change in the SC area was significantly associated with IOP changes.
Exploring the anatomical configurations of the cerebral arteries in a cohort of South African patients
Authors: Sibiya Gugulethu , Omotoso Bukola R. , Harrichandparsad Rohen , Lazarus Lelika 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe cerebral arteries, specifically the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and posterior cerebral artery (PCA), work together with the smaller calibre arteries to provide effective communication between the anterior and posterior circuits of the brain via the circle of Willis (CoW). Morphologic variations of the cerebral arteries and the CoW may alter blood flow to the brain, resulting in intracranial vascular disorders associated with stroke, and aneurysms. This study aimed to document the morphology of the cerebral arteries and the CoW in the South African population. Two hundred and thirty-nine computed tomography angiography scans were assessed. Cerebral arteries and CoW normal morphology and variations were classified as complete, absent, or hypoplastic. The ACA A1 was absent in 4.91%, hypoplastic in 30.40%, fenestrated in 1.06%, and typical in 63.6%. The ACA A2 was absent in 0.42%, hypoplastic in 26.28%, and typical in 69.44%. We found triple ACA A2 in 2.98%, azygos in 1.28% and fenestrated in 1.28%. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) was hypoplastic in 7.35% and typical in 92.64%. The PCA was hypoplastic in 28.74% and typical in 71.25%. Knowledge of the configuration of the CoW plays a significant role in guiding therapeutic decision-making in treating various neurovascular pathologies.