bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of Source Drainage External Insulation Finish System at the Window/Wall Junction
Authors: Edgar John 
Published: March 2007

This paper presents the results of research conducted to exam ine the efficiency of critical details in source drainage EIFS. The research was prompted by a BOCA1 model code change requiring that the interface between dissimilar materials be tested to demonstrate that the details resist water pene tration into wall assemblies. The objective of the research was twofold: (1) to satisfy the BOCA requirements, and (2) to examine the effectiveness of source drainage as a method of water management. The experimental simulations in volved much more severe conditions than the BOCA requirements to assess source drainage. The research evaluated a number of construction details for rain penetration resistance under static pressure differences up to 1 kPa (20.9 psf) and dynamic pressure variations at wind speeds up to 33.5 m/s (121 km/h) (75 mph). The re sults show that traditional techniques based on source drainage, such as window flashing, are effective as a means for managing water at the window/wall junc tions of the EIFS cladding systems. This paper describes the test procedure and focuses on window details.
In situ Performance of Expanded Molded Polystyrene in the Exterior Basement Insulation Systems (EIBS)
Authors: Swinton M.C. , Bomberg M.T. , Kumaran M.K. , Maref W. 
Published: March 2007

Several different Exterior Basement Insulation Systems (EIBS) were built and instrumented as part of the basement consortium2 research project. These EIBS specimens were instrumented prior to back filling with soil, and their in situ thermal performance was monitored over two years. Soil temperatures and moisture content were monitored concurrently. Weather data were recorded on a daily basis. Through analysis of the measured surface temperature records, the presence of water was detected at the outer surface during various periods of heavy rain and major thaws throughout the two-year period. During these periods, the surface of the concrete showed no evidence of water penetration through the insulation layer over most of the height of the basement wall. Since the test setup involved different thermal insulating materials placed next to each other, the presence of lateral heat flow was inevitable. Both 2-D and 3-D models were used to quantify the lateral heat flow across the edges of different in sulating materials. The measured spatial and temporal temperature profiles were used as boundary conditions. The thermal performance of each insulation specimen was found to remain sta ble over the two-year period and was not significantly affected by episodes of wa ter movement at the exterior face of the specimens. The thermal resistance of
User Participation in Quality Assessment
Authors: Krogstrup Hanne Kathrine 
Published: March 2007

In recent years the Nordic countries have required user participation in many assessments within the social, health care and education sectors. The article presents a method—User Participation in Quality Assessment (the UPQA method)—which attempts to implement the requirement for user participation in assessment through a dialogue oriented interaction between actors in the field and between the field and the evaluator. The basis for the UPQA method is bottom-up action learning and exploratory evaluation. The purpose of the UPQA method is, through a process oriented assessment, to contribute to organizational learning in the setting being assessed. Through organizational learning the practice field is helped to understand what promotes/hinders the implementation of user needs and requirements. The purpose is to establish a basis for assessing and preparing for change in the organization and to carry out a bottom-up oriented institutional analysis. The article firstly reviews the theoretical understanding of the social problems which form the background for the development of the method. It is argued that the users should define the evaluation questions. From the users' point of view the purpose of evaluation is to initiate organizational learning by challenging the institutional order in the context being evaluated. In the light of a previous theoretical discussion of the concepts of institutional order and organizational learning, the UPQA method is then elaborated. Finally, the method is located within broader scientific theory.
In Dialogue with `Posthuman' Bodies: Interview with Stelarc
Authors: FARNELL ROSS 
Published: March 2007

The events of performance artist Stelarc serve as a mediation between the discourses of cultural and social theory, science and the tropes of science fiction, translating theoretical and narrative models of the `posthuman' into performative parameters of corporeal actualization. His cultural and theoretical bricolage elides borders, creating a dialogue with numerous discourses surrounding bodies, sexual politics, `becomings', and the tension between Cartesian and phenomenological models of the body. Do his `events' offer empowered alternative bodies, or are they representative of a reductionist objectification of the physical, psychical, political and social body to a l'art pour l'art sensibility; subordinating (hyper)reality, theory and ideology to the `pure' aesthetics of art, image and performance? While portrayed by some as an exemplary proponent of our putatively optimistic posthuman future, many see Stelarc's work as being indicative of the apocalyptic dangers of untheorized approaches to incorporating technology into the body. This interview with Stelarc attempts to clarify the artist's position on many such issues surrounding his work.
Review : Telephone triage: a panacea for child and family health care?
Authors: Summersgill P. 
Published: March 2007

■ Telephone triage offers an exciting, although controversial means of extending the role of children's nurses ■ Convenient, anonymous and immediate access to advice and help could be very attractive to many families ■ Children who do not need face-to-face contact with health professionals can be 'filtered out' of that system ■ Telephone triage should result in more appropriate use of resources ■ Telephone communication skills need to be developed to ensure that the service is efficient and effective ■ Research needs to be undertaken to ensure that newly developing services are appropriately evaluated
Review : Analysing childhood: a nursing perspective
Authors: Armitage Gerry 
Published: March 2007

■ Childhood is largely socially constructed and is subject to social and cultural change ■ Childhood is often characterised by immaturity and dependency, which may hamper the full recognition of children's rights ■ Children's nurses, as children's advocates, should develop a critical awareness of the concept of childhood ■ Children's nurses should also consider undertaking phenomenological research with children, as a means of identifying the needs of children
Staffing levels on children's wards: a snapshot survey
Authors: Dickinson Kathy , Jackson Karen 
Published: March 2007

■ A snapshot survey was undertaken of staffing levels in 72 wards/units across the United Kingdom. ■ A ratio of 4:1 children to staff during day shifts and 6:1 during night shifts was established as a working 'benchmark' for the purposes of this study. ■ Many respondents expressed concern around ward establishment levels. ■ High vacancy levels in D grade posts was identified, this has implications for the standard and quality of care delivery. ■ The need for a benchmark ratio for children's nurses is discussed. ■ Further work is now necessary to explore the findings of this preliminary survey.
Agreement on Agriculture and Food Security: South Asian Perspective
Authors: Adhikari Ratnakar 
Published: March 2007

In South Asia agriculture is not merely a matter of commerce but a means of livelihood and a pattern of rural life. The agriculture sector however, is the most heavily protected sector in the world economy. The attempt to liberalize the agriculture trading sector through the Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) negotiated during the Uruguay Round and secure greater market access to the agricultural products of developing countries, has had mixed results. In actual implementation the AoA did not mean much to the developing countries due to the discriminatory nature of the Agreement. Further, opening the market alone does not serve the purpose unless supply side constraints are eliminated or minimised. Hence both a programme of sensible domestic policies as well as international lobbying to make the process of liberalization more transparent and equitable should be undertaken by South Asian and developing countries.
Faculty Level of Self-Actualization in Relation to Student Rating of Instructors
Authors: Hampton John D. , Kerasotes Dean L. 
Published: March 2007

In an effort to determine why students rated instructors differently, 70 of 150 randomly selected university professors completed the Personality Orientation Inventory (POI) (Shostrom, 1968). Previously the total faculty had been rated by the student body on the University Student Survey of Instruction Questionnaire (SSIQ) (Faculty Council, 1975). The literature has revealed statistically significant relationships between teacher/counselor ratings and measures of personality. The 12 POI scales were correlated with a five-point Likert-type rating of overall instructor evaluation from the SSIQ. Two correlations were found to be significant beyond the .05 level (n = 70). The relationship between instructor rating and Time Competence Scale was positive (r = .235), whereas that between the instructor rating and the Nature of Man scale was negative (r = -.235). The results are discussed in terms of student perceptions of instructional procedures. It was suggested that the presence of highly organized instructional patterns might explain in part the occurrence of a positive relationship between the student ratings of instructors and their standing on the Time Competence Scale.
Economic Reform, Acquisitive Instinct, and Individual Will
Authors: Agarwal Manmohan 
Published: March 2007

It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker, that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest. We address ourselves, not to their humanity but their self love, and never talk to them of our necessities but of their advantages. Adam Smith The bourgeoisie has drowned the most heavenly ecstasies of religious fervour, of chivalrous enthusiasm, of philistine sentimentalism, in the icy waters of egotistical calculation. It has resolved personal worth into exchange value. In one word, for exploitation, ruled by religious and political illusions, it has substituted naked, shameless, direct, brutal exploitation. Marx The economist has a certain sneaking suspicion that economic man has perfect mental health, having no delusions of grandeur, no Freudian complexes, no heroic attitudinizing, and at least, an Olympian neutrality towards his exchange mates. Superman is only a costume, and Batman a mask; and after all their heroic exploits they will have to go back to economic mama and count their costs, ask their rewards, pay their bills, and face the inexorable consequences of real scarcities, which their heroic antics have actually increased. Boulding
Effect of Couple-Stresses on Force Transfer Between Embedded Microfibers
Authors: Sadowsky M.A. , Hsu Y.C. , Hussain M.A. 
Published: March 2007

The present investigation is a continuation of the Weitsman problem, reference 1. The investigation is concerned with the nature of the stress field which develops in the presence of couple- stresses in composite material formed of microfibers embedded in a filler substance. The case is considered when one row consists of an infinitely long microfiber, while the second row is composed of two semi- infinite microfibers. An exact solution, based on a two-dimensional theory of elastic ity with inclusion of couple-stresses is obtained for the stress field which is activated by giving the two semi-infinite microfibers a tangential displacement of separation. The couple-stress theory gives a better representation of the actual physical phenomenon than the classical theory of elasticity. This is especially true and essentially important for bodies having a dimension comparable to the crystal lattice parameter of the material. This is believed to be the case with an elastic microfilm in bond with microfibers. The investigation led to results which are at wide variance with the Weitsman solution near x = 0 and the asymptotic solution shows the same trend as reported previously in reference num bered 2 i.e., bonding layers are dominated by boundary layer behavior throughout their entire thickness.
Epoxy Resins: Effect of Amines on Curing Characteristics and Properties
Authors: Varma Indra K. , Satya Bhama P.V. 
Published: March 2007

The effect of orientation of amino group (i.e. m-DDS and p-DDS) and concentration of diamine (10 phr-50 phr) on the curing of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) was investigated. Heat of polymerization (ΔH) increased with increasing phr of diamines up to optimum phr (37.19). Further increase in amine concentration of m-DDS to 50 phr re duced ΔH while in p-DDS, a steady increase was noted. m-DDS was more reactive than p-DDS as a curator of DGEBA. Thermal stability of cured resins depended on the concen tration of diamine. A Two-step decomposition was observed at low phr (<20) of diamine. Mechanical properties of glass fabric reinforced epoxy laminates cured by p-DDS were slightly better than those cured by m-DDS. A significant improvement in strength was observed by addition of 3 phr of amine terminated acrylonitrile butadiene copolymer (ATBN). Rubber toughened laminates showed a poor retention of strength on thermal age ing and boiling water treatment.
The Uses of Writing in Psychotherapy
Authors: Brand Alice Glarden 
Published: March 2007

Tracing the uses of writing in psychotherapy over the last half century, we find that the earliest systematic practices were governed largely by a psychoanalytic medical model. Other, newer schools have challenged the deficiency-oriented Freudian perspective and view writing as an expressive art, integral to healthy and creative human development. Consonant with this trend, the humanistic psychologies gathered adherents who used writing as a potent instrument of growth and as a vehicle for total life development. Apart from the popular poetry therapy movement, other more recent practices have been developed such as correspondence, diary and journal keeping, and other more cognitive writing activities. The literature presently documents the principal use of writing as an ancillary technique enhancing the more conventional therapies. However, its capacity to help people uncover new levels of self-awareness and its promise in terms of self-help offer unique potential for inner human exploration.
Examining The Content and Context of Meditation
Authors: Shapiro Deane H. 
Published: March 2007

Studies have primarily examined meditation's effects as a self regulation strategy for stress management. Fewer studies have examined its utility as a self exploration strategy for enhancing psychological health in psychotherapy and behavior change. And, few studies have examined meditation's effect regarding its original religious purpose as a self liberation strategy to enhance spiritual growth and wisdom, and cultivate compassionate service. This article examines the reasons underlying this differential proportion of studies on each of the above variables and details the merits and limitations of research that attempted to remove the religious and philosophical context of meditation in order to focus on its content. The article then examines why it has been necessary to reintroduce the context of meditation as a variable, whether that context be stress management, psychotherapy, or a religious perspective. Finally, based on the mentalist and cognitive revolution, this article asks: "Is God always a confounding variable in meditation research?" If the only research tool a person has is a hammer, then all questions begin to look like the head of an undriven nail. -Abraham Maslow When a pickpocket meets a saint, all he sees are pockets. Anonymous
Krishnamurti and Spirituality: A Comment on Wren-Lewis's View
Authors: Gopal Madan 
Published: March 2007

The purpose of this article is to point out that in his reflections on Krishnamurti, Wren-Lewis (1994) has (a) uncritically accepted as source material a highly suspect narrative, (b) misrepresented Krishnamurti's notion of spiritual transformation, (c) unjustifiably attributed unethical conduct to him, and (d) proposed an approach for assessing spiritual progress that is at variance with Krishnamurti's teaching. A more sympathetic reading of Krishnamurti's life and work yields different results. Knowledge is not compassion and without compassion knowledge breeds mischief. -J. Krishnamurti Krishnamurti's Journal
The Daimonic Development of the Malevolent Personality
Authors: Goldberg Carl 
Published: March 2007

This paper examines the reluctance of the behavioral sciences to tackle the problem of evil. Whereas each of us as private citizens can attest to the calamitous presence of malevolence in our daily lives, the point of view I take in this paper is that as behavioral scientists most of us have acted as if the problem of evil could be safely ignored or the character structure of the perpetrators of heinous actions could be reduced to known and well-understood psychiatric disor-ders. This psychological denial and reductionism have not well served our mandate to provide meaningful explanations and solutions of social problems for the public. If the behavioral sciences are to have a relevant role in contemporary society, the problem of evil-perhaps the most important issue humankind has ever faced-must be meaningfully reexamined. This paper serves as an effort in this direction. There are thousands hacking at the branches of evil to one who is striking at the roots. -Thoreau (quoted in The New Dictionary of Thoughts, 1964) Evil is but the shadow, that in this world, always accompanies good. You may have a world without shadow, but it is a world without light-a mere dim, twilight world. If you deepen the intensity of the light, you must be content to bring into deeper blackness and more distinct and definite outline, the shadow that accompanies it. -F. W Robertson (quoted in The New Dictionary of Thoughts, 1964)
The Extent of Recidivism among Juvenile Delinquents in a Metropolitan Area
Authors: Ball John C. , Simpson Alice 
Published: March 2007

This study of officially recorded delinquency in the Lexington, Ky., Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area found that 60 per cent of the boys and 48 per cent of the girls appearing in court in 1960 had two or more recorded offenses from 1952 through 1961. The mean age at time of first court appearance for the male recidivists was 12.9. We conclude that juvenile delinquency has an early commence ment, persists throughout adolescence, is widespread (20 per cent of all boys in the metropolitan area appear in court) , and is endemic to lower-class census tracts.
Uniform Parole Reports: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Gottfredson Don M. , Ballard Kelley B. , O'Leary Vincent 
Published: March 2007

At the request of leading national parole organizations, the National Parole Institutes undertook a study to determine whether a useful information system describing the results of parole can be developed as a joint effort of paroling authori ties. A tentative model for uniform parole statistics was devised by representatives of twenty-nine parole agencies. The model was tested by eight agencies, which contributed data monthly, and was examined further by sixteen agencies. The result is a workable data collection system, a common vocabulary, and pro cedures for feedback to participating agencies. The data collected during the study demonstrate that com parisons of agency effectiveness must take into account differ ences in the kinds of offenders paroled. The study shows that the tentative model ultimately can pro vide a firm basis for meaningful analyses of parole experience based on uniform reporting from all our diverse parole systems. A three-year study has been initiated to develop the Uniform Parole Reporting System.
Problems of Communicative Syllabuses
Authors: Fish Harold , Dudley-Evans Tony 
Published: March 2007

An examination of textbooks based on a 'Grammatical Syllabus' would reveal considerable consensus about order and contents. An examination of textbooks following a 'communica tive' approach however, does not reveal any comparable con sensus about what should be included in a communicative sylla bus. Certain functions do tend to appear, for example 'requesting,' 'apologising' and 'suggesting' but there is no agreed order of presentation. This is probably because the courses were originally designed for a variety of different situations. This article suggests that there is perhaps greater potential in basing communicative syllabuses on a common core of 'notions' (Wilkins semantico-grammatical categories) such as 'location,' 'cause and effect' and 'quantity.' Such notions have a more predictable relationship with sentence grammar than, say, func tions which are essentially features of discourse and should be treated as such. A communicative syllabus cannot just be an inventory of notions and their formal representations. A com municative syllabus must include methodological guidelines that avoid any contradiction between the aims of the syllabus and the means by which these aims are achieved. Suggestions are made as to the type of communicative methodology that can be ex ploited even from the earliest stages.
Communication Failure in the Language Classroom: an Exploration of Causes
Authors: Lai Cecilia 
Published: March 2007

A great deal of current theory and research stresses the importance of providing learners with opportunities for real and meaningful communication in second language acquisition. The Hong Kong secondary school English syllabus reflects the influence of such thinking. This study aims to investigate the following issues: first, whether or not the provision of opportunities for meaningful communication in the English classroom, as advocated in the syllabus, is manifested in the secondary-level English classrooms in Hong Kong; second, what the level of learners' confidence is in using English in class communication; and third, what factors account for different confidence levels in class communication. With regard to these questions, a questionnaire was administered to 487 Form Four students of eleven local schools. The results of the study indicate, first, the persistence of non- interactive patterns of communication in the English classroom, where learners' opportunities for participating in classroom communication are limited. Second, a majority of the learners are not confident in communicating in English in the classroom. Finally, three main factors contributing to learners' confidence levels for participating in classroom communication are identified. They are a self-esteem factor, a language anxiety factor, and a factor of non-favourable patterns and opportunities for classroom communication. Within these factors, the learners' perceptions of their poor English standards and the teachers' attitude towards the learners' performance in class were found to be particularly important.