bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CORRELATION BETWEEN BANKART AND HILL‐SACHS LESIONS IN ANTERIOR SHOULDER DISLOCATION
Authors: Widjaja Audi B. , Tran Anh , Bailey Michael , Proper Stewart 
Published: June 2006

Background:  Bankart lesions and Hill‐Sachs lesions are commonly associated with anterior shoulder dislocations. The presence of Bankart lesion indicates the need for surgical repair. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been shown to be sensitive in detecting these two lesions. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between Bankart lesions and Hill‐Sachs lesions on MRI for patients with traumatic anterior shoulder dislocations.Methods:  Between 2003 and 2005, 61 patients from Alfred and Sandringham Hospitals had an MRI as part of the investigation for traumatic anterior shoulder dislocations. The MRI scans were reviewed and subsequently confirmed by a radiologist to show the presence or absence of Bankart and Hill‐Sachs lesions. The data were then analysed by a statistician.Results:  Although patients with one of these lesions were more than two‐and‐a‐half times as likely to have the other, small study numbers precluded this result from achieving statistical significance. (odds ratio, 2.67 (0.83–8.61), P = 0.10). Younger age was a strong predictor of a recurrence of shoulder dislocation (odds ratio, 0.93 (0.89–0.98), P = 0.005). The presence of Bankart or Hill‐Sachs lesions on MRI for the primary shoulder dislocation group was similar to the recurrent group (73% vs. 72% for Bankart lesion and 67% vs. 70% for Hill‐Sachs lesion).Conclusion:  There is a strong correlation between both lesions. This apparent trend can be useful in predicting the presence of a Bankart lesion when a Hill‐Sachs lesion is identified on a plain radiograph. This study suggests the consideration of surgical repair after identification of a Hill‐Sachs lesion on plain radiographs, especially for younger patients where the rate of re‐dislocation is high.
Analysis of growth hormone receptor polymorphism in Japanese semisuper centenarians
Authors: Du Yuchen , Hirose Nobuyoshi , Ping Jing , Ishida Yoshiyuki , Kojima Toshio , Arai Yasumichi , Inagaki Hiroki , Gondo Yasuyuki , Sakaki Yoshiyuki , Haneda Masataka , Ito Sachiko , Isobe Ken‐ichi 
Published: June 2006

Background:  Recent studies have demonstrated a significant association between mutations in genes involved in the GHR/IGF1 signaling pathway and extension of the lifespan of model organisms. Exon 3 insertion or deletion is one common polymorphism in the growth hormone receptor (GHR) of humans. The exon 3 deletion allele is reported to have stronger signaling in the GH/GHR pathway, which may correlate to short lifespan.Methods:  We investigated the common polymorphic variation in 119 Japanese semisuper centenarians (SSC; older than 105) compared with 104 healthy younger controls via the polymorphism‐based polymerase chain reaction method.Results:  The frequency of exon 3 deletion variation of GHR in SSC was found to be higher than controls, although this was not significant statistically. Also, the single nucleotide polymorphism genotype frequency and allele frequency exhibited no differences between SSC and controls.Conclusions:  These results show that SSC in Japan do not tend to have the allele of GHR, which has a lower signaling capacity.
Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment for outpatients is important for the detection of functional disabilities and depressive symptoms associated with sensory impairment as well as for the screening of cognitive impairment
Authors: Sumi Eriko , Takechi Hajime , Wada Taizo , Ishine Masayuki , Wakatsuki Yoshio , Murayama Toshinori , Yokode Masayuki , Tanaka Makoto , Kita Toru , Matsubayashi Kozo , Arai Hidenori 
Published: June 2006

Background:  The Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) for inpatients is very useful to improve the outcomes of elderly patients. However, most of the elderly patients are provided their care by general practitioners in primary care settings without comprehensive assessment. Concise and practical assessment is necessary for the detection of geriatric problems and sufficient care in the outpatient clinic.Methods:  The CGA was introduced in the outpatient clinic for elderly people in Kyoto University Hospital and 309 patients participated in the study, where cognitive impairment, depressive symptoms, activities of daily living, and self‐reported hearing and visual impairment were assessed.Results:  In the patients studied, the most prevalent chief complaint was memory loss (19%). Among the patients complaining of memory loss, two‐thirds of the patients were diagnosed as cognitively impaired by the Mini‐Mental State Examination. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that hearing and visual impairment was significantly associated with functional disabilities and that hearing impairment was significantly associated with depressive symptoms.Conclusions:  Thus, the CGA for outpatients is useful for the detection of functional disabilities and depressive symptoms by asking about their sensory impairment as well as for the detection of cognitive impairment in elderly patients. Therefore, concise and practical assessment should be introduced in the primary care settings to improve the quality of life of elderly people.
Risk factors of disseminated intravascular coagulation in septic systemic inflammatory response syndrome in nursing home residents
Authors: Kikuchi Motoo , Inagaki Toshiaki , Miyagawa Koichi , Ueda Ryuzo , Shinagawa Nagao , Hanaki Hidekazu 
Published: June 2006

Aims:  Disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome (DIC) is a serious complication in elderly patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). We investigated whether the clinically relevant parameters of atherosclerosis, nutrition and cellular immunity are determining factors for DIC in septic SIRS patients or not.Patients and methods:  Forty‐four subjects aged 65 years or over were enrolled, all of whom had bacterial sepsis and a high concentration of C‐reactive protein (≥ 15.0 mg/dL). Subjects were given gabexate mesilate (GM) following diagnosis of DIC. They were divided into the following groups: N‐DIC, subjects with SIRS but not DIC (n = 22); DIC‐A, subjects with SIRS and DIC who survived through treatment with GM (n = 6); and DIC‐D, subjects who had SIRS and DIC and died despite treatment with GM (n = 16).Results:  Subjects with a low hemoglobin or serum albumin concentration, and atrial fibrillation at admission had a significantly high incidence of DIC, which was not high in subjects with myocardial ischemia, past history of overt cerebral infarctions or periventricular lucency. There was no difference in hemoglobin concentration between DIC‐A and DIC‐D. Differences in increases in CD11b‐ and CD14‐positive mononuclear cells between DIC and N‐DIC subjects were not significant. Post‐mortem examinations showed that the ratio of the width of the thoracic aorta to that of the abdominal aorta was significantly higher for DIC‐D than DIC‐A.Conclusion:  Nutritional disorders and irregularity in aortic blood flow are significant risks of DIC. Treatment with GM alone is not sufficient to achieve survival in patients with DIC and SIRS.
New formulae for predicting tracheal tube length
Authors: LAU NICKY , PLAYFOR STEPHEN D. , RASHID ASRAR , DHANARASS MUTHU 
Published: June 2006

SummaryBackground : The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of standard techniques for estimating oral and nasal tracheal tube length in children and to devise more accurate predictive formulae that can be used at the bedside.Methods : Data were collected from 255 children who required tracheal intubation whilst on the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit over a period of 1 year. Age, weight, the final length of the tracheal tube and the internal diameter were documented. Patients with a tracheostomy were excluded from the study.Results : Using linear regression the following formulae best predicted final tracheal tube length. For children over 1 year of age:
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For children below 1 year of age:
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Conclusions : Current Advanced Paediatric Life Support guidelines underestimate the appropriate tracheal tube lengths for orotracheal intubation in children over 1 year of age. Similarly, the novel weight‐based formulae for tracheal tube lengths in children below the age of 1 year proved more accurate than standard reference charts. We therefore recommend that these new formulae are prospectively evaluated.
A simple persistence condition for structured populations
Authors: Hastings Alan , Botsford Louis W. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe fundamental question in both basic and applied population biology of whether a species will increase in numbers is often investigated by finding the population growth rate as the largest eigenvalue of a deterministic matrix model. For a population classified only by age, and not stage or size, a simpler biologically interpretable condition can be used, namely whether R0, the mean number of offspring per newborn, is greater than one. However, for the many populations not easily described using only age classes, stage‐structured models must be used for which there is currently no quantity like R0. We determine analogous quantities that must be greater than one for persistence of a general structured population model that have a similar useful biological interpretation. Our approach can be used immediately to determine the magnitude of changes and interactions that would either allow population persistence or would ensure control of an undesirable species.
Effect of cognitive style and professional development on the initiation of radical and non‐radical management accounting innovations
Authors: Emsley David , Nevicky Barbara , Harrison Graeme 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThis study examines the effects of adaptive/innovative cognitive style, and professional development on the initiation of radical and non‐radical innovations by individual management accountants. Data are gathered through questionnaire and follow‐up interviews with practising management accountants. The results show that management accountants with a more innovative (adaptive) cognitive style tend to initiate more (fewer) radical relative to non‐radical innovations, and that this effect is amplified by professional development. The study has implications for research in management accounting innovation and for practice, including the importance of maintaining a balance of radical and non‐radical innovations in organizations, and of professional development.
Should there exist secondary markets for executive stock options?
Authors: Kallunki Juha‐Pekka , Nikkinen Jussi , Sahlström Petri , Wichmann Kristina 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThis paper investigates the potential disadvantages of the secondary markets for executive stock options (ESOs). The benefits of such markets are evident, but they might also have negative effects for shareholders. Executives might, for example, use inside information to time their ESO selling. We investigate two personal motives of managers that can be assumed to affect their optimal selling decision, that is, managers' personal portfolio management issues and the use of inside information. We explore these motives by analyzing unique data from Finland, where there are secondary markets for ESOs. The results of the study support the traditional portfolio diversification hypothesis according to which managers tend to sell their ESOs when holding an ESO is equivalent to holding the underlying stock; that is, in such a case a manager's wealth is closely tied to the stock price of the firm. With respect to the use of inside information the results indicate that ESO selling activity is not related to future stock price behaviour, suggesting that managers do not use inside information to determine the selling time of their ESOs. These results imply that the existence of secondary markets for ESOs does not weaken the usefulness of ESOs as the management compensation, although the benefits of such markets are evident.
A KDEL‐tagged monoclonal antibody is efficiently retained in the endoplasmic reticulum in leaves, but is both partially secreted and sorted to protein storage vacuoles in seeds
Authors: Petruccelli Silvana , Otegui Marisa S. , Lareu Fabricio , Tran Dinh Olivia , Fitchette Anne‐Catherine , Circosta Ariana , Rumbo Martin , Bardor Muriel , Carcamo Rosa , Gomord Véronique , Beachy Roger N. 
Published: June 2006

SummaryTransgenic plants are attractive biological systems for the large‐scale production of pharmaceutical proteins. In particular, seeds offer special advantages, such as ease of handling and long‐term stable storage. Nevertheless, most of the studies of the expression of antibodies in plants have been performed in leaves. We report the expression of a secreted (sec‐Ab) or KDEL‐tagged (Ab‐KDEL) mutant of the 14D9 monoclonal antibody in transgenic tobacco leaves and seeds. Although the KDEL sequence has little effect on the accumulation of the antibody in leaves, it leads to a higher antibody yield in seeds. sec‐AbLeafpurified from leaf contains complexN‐glycans, including Lewisaepitopes, as typically found in extracellular glycoproteins. In contrast, Ab‐KDELLeafbears only high‐mannose‐type oligosaccharides (mostly Man 7 and 8) consistent with an efficient endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention/cis‐Golgi retrieval of the antibody. sec‐Ab and Ab‐KDEL γ chains purified from seeds are cleaved by proteases and contain complexN‐glycans indicating maturation in the late Golgi compartments. Consistent with glycosylation of the protein, Ab‐KDELSeedwas partially secreted and sorted to protein storage vacuoles (PSVs) in seeds and not found in the ER. This dual targeting may be due to KDEL‐mediated targeting to the PSV and to a partial saturation of the vacuolar sorting machinery. Taken together, our results reveal important differences in the ER retention and vacuolar sorting machinery between leaves and seeds. In addition, we demonstrate that a plant‐made antibody with triantennary high‐mannose‐typeN‐glycans has similar Fab functionality to its counterpart with biantennary complexN‐glycans, but the former antibody interacts with protein A in a stronger manner and is more immunogenic than the latter. Such differences could be related to a variable immunoglobulin G (IgG)‐Fc folding that would depend on the size of theN‐glycan.
Trade Liberalization and the Profitability of Mergers: a Global Analysis*
Authors: Benchekroun Hassan , Chaudhuri Amrita Ray 
Published: June 2006

AbstractWe analyze the effects of bilateral tariff reductions on the profitability of cost‐reducing horizontal mergers. Given Cournot competition in a two‐country world, for any positive tariff below a certain threshold, marginal trade liberalization is shown to encourage only those domestic mergers with sufficiently large cost‐savings and to discourage the rest. For tariffs close to, but smaller than, the prohibitive tariff, however, marginal trade liberalization necessarily encourages all domestic mergers. Moreover, we show that for a given level of cost‐savings, the impact of marginal trade liberalization may not reliably predict that of nonmarginal liberalization.Although at high tariffs, domestic mergers are shown to be unambiguously more profitable than cross‐border mergers, near free trade, mergers which yield the most cost‐savings become the most profitable. Thus, when comparing domestic and cross‐border mergers, trade liberalization encourages the type which yields the most cost‐savings.
Stiff skin syndrome
Authors: Geng S , Lei X , Toyohara JP , Zhan P , Wang J , Tan S 
Published: June 2006

AbstractStiff skin syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by pronounced skin induration, mild hypertrichosis and limited joint mobility, predominantly on the buttocks and thighs. Many heterogeneous cases have been reported under the name of stiff skin syndrome. We present a case of stiff skin syndrome from China, the diagnosis based on the patient's typical clinical and histopathological features.
Efficacy and tolerability of a new synergized pyrethrins thermofobic foam in comparison with benzyl benzoate in the treatment of scabies in convicts: the ISAC study (Studio Della scabbia in ambiente carcerario)
Authors: Biele M , Campori G , Colombo R , De Giorgio G , Frascione P , Sali R , Starnini G , Milani M ,   The ISaC Investigator Group
Published: June 2006

AbstractBackground  Scabies is a very common skin infection in convicts. The SIMSPE Society (Società Italiana di Medicina e Sanità Penitenziaria) has organized and conducted a multicentre, randomized, comparative, parallel group, investigator‐blinded trial to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of synergized pyrethrins foam (PF) in comparison with benzyl benzoate (BB) lotion.Methods  A total of 240 convicted patients, enrolled in eight National Jail Institutions, with a clinical diagnosis of scabies, were treated with PF (n = 120) for three consecutive days or BB (n = 120) for five consecutive days. Primary study endpoints were the clinical cure rate and the local tolerability. Secondary endpoints were clinical evolution of scabietic lesions and itching intensity. Study outcomes were assessed using appropriate semiquantitative scores at baseline and after 2 and 4 weeks. A second treatment cycle was applied if after 2 weeks the patient was not judged clinically cured.Results  At week 2, a total of 75% (95% CI: 66–82%) and 71% (95% CI: 62–78%) of patients showed a complete clinical cure rate in the PF and BB groups, respectively. At week 4, the percentage of totally cured patients increased up to 95% (95% CI: 89–97%) and 91% (95% CI: 83–94%) in the PF and BB groups, respectively (P = NS between groups). At week 4, 5% in the PF group and 9% in the BB group complained of itching. Burning and irritation after treatment applications were more common in the BB group in comparison with the PF group. The tolerability score was better in the PF group in comparison with to BB group (2.9 vs. 2.2; P = 0.0001). A total of 95% of patients in the PV group had a good tolerability score (i.e. = 3) in comparison with 41% in the BB group.Conclusion  Our results show that a 3‐day treatment with pyrethrins thermofobic foam is at least as effective as a 5‐day treatment with benzyl benzoate lotion in convicted subjects with scabies. The foam formulation is better tolerated than the benzyl benzoate lotion.
Homogeneous blue pigmentation in dermatofibroma simulating a blue naevus
Authors: Ozdemir F , Kilinc I , Akalin T 
Published: June 2006

AbstractA case with a pigmented skin lesion that was diagnosed as a blue naevus on clinical and dermoscopic grounds and histopathologically confirmed as a dermatofibroma is presented. By means of this case, we define dermatofibroma as a new exception for ‘homogeneous blue pigmentation’ on dermoscopy.
Narrowband UVB phototherapy for early‐stage mycosis fungoides: evaluation of clinical and histopathological changes
Authors: Gökdemir G , Barutcuoǧlu B , Sakız D , Köşlü A 
Published: June 2006

AbstractBackground  Early‐stage (IA, IB, IIA) mycosis fungoides (MF) has long been treated with various agents including topical potent steroids, nitrogen mustard, carmustine, oral psoralen plus UVA (PUVA), broadband UVB, electron‐beam radiotherapy, interferon‐α and retinoids. However, each of these modalities is associated with various side‐effects. Narrowband UVB (NB‐UVB) therapy has the same effect but is safer to use than the other methods.Objective  Our purpose in this prospective study was to determine the effects of NB‐UVB in early‐stage MF both clinically and histopathologically.Materials and methods  Twenty‐three patients (20 men, three women, aged 27–78 years) with clinically and histologically confirmed MF were enrolled. Patients received NB‐UVB therapy three times a week. Clinical and histological responses, cumulative doses, total number of treatments, side‐effects and duration of remission period were noted.Results  Six patients had stage IA MF, 15 patients stage IB and two patients stage IIA. Eighteen patients had patch stage and five patients had plaque stage histopathologically. All of the patients in the patch group had a complete response (CR). In the plaque group, three patients (60%) had a CR and two (40%) had partial (PR) or no clinical response (NR). The clinical response between patch and plaque groups was statistically significant. Regarding the histopathological findings, 17 (94.4%) had complete clearing and only one (5.6%) patient had a partial improvement in the patch group. In the plaque group, one (20%) patient had complete clearing and four (80%) patients had partial or no improvement. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant. In the patch group, the mean cumulative dose was 90.15 J/cm2 and the mean number of treatments was 35.33. In the plaque group, the mean cumulative dose was 90.67 J/cm2 and the mean total number of treatments was 39.40. The differences were not statistically significant, either between the mean cumulative dose or the mean number of treatments. The mean duration of follow‐up was 10.87 months (range 1–25 months). Only one of the patients had a relapse.Conclusions  NB‐UVB therapy for patients with early‐stage MF is an effective and safe treatment with the effect lasting for months. We suggest that clinical clearance correlates with histological improvement except for patients in the plaque stage.
Recurrence of lymphoedema‐associated cellulitis (erysipelas) under prophylactic antibiotherapy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Vignes S , Dupuy A 
Published: June 2006

SummaryObjective  To identify the predictors of successful antibiotic prophylactic treatment using benzathin‐penicillin G to prevent recurrence of erysipelas in patients with secondary upper limb lymphoedema.Design  A retrospective cohort study.Setting and patients  Patients with secondary arm lymphoedema were recruited in a single lymphology unit between 1990 and 2003. All patients had had at least three recurrences of erysipelas. Patients were given 2.4 MU benzathin‐penicillin G intramuscularly at 14‐day intervals. For each patient, the following data were recorded: characteristics of breast cancer treatment (type of surgery, radiotherapy, hormone therapy), number of erysipelas recurrences before inclusion, patient characteristics including body mass index (BMI) and lymphoedema volume at inclusion.Main outcome measures  The outcome studied was the occurrence of erysipelas on the affected arm under antibiotic prophylactic treatment.Results  With a 4.2‐year median follow‐up from the onset of antibiotic prophylactic treatment, 23 of 48 women experienced recurrence of erysipelas. The median duration of erysipelas recurrence‐free period under this treatment was 2.7 years. The estimated rate of recurrence was 26%[95% confidence interval (CI) 13–38%] at 1 year and 36% (95% CI 22–50%) at 2 years. No patient stopped the treatment because of side‐effects. No predictive factor of erysipelas recurrence under antibiotic prophylactic treatment was identified.Conclusions  Antibiotic prophylaxis using benzathin‐penicillin is a well‐tolerated treatment of erysipelas recurrence in patients with upper limb lymphoedema secondary to breast cancer. The rate of erysipelas recurrence was 26% at 1 year in patients who had a history of at least one erysipelas. We did not find any predictor of erysipelas recurrence.