bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Web-Based, Respondent-Driven Sampling Survey Among Men Who Have Sex With Men (Kai Noi): Description of Methods and Characteristics
Authors: Karuchit Samart , Thiengtham Panupit , Tanpradech Suvimon , Srinor Watcharapol , Yingyong Thitipong , Naiwatanakul Thananda , Northbrook Sanny , Hladik Wolfgang 
Published: April 2024

Background
Thailand’s HIV epidemic is heavily concentrated among men who have sex with men (MSM), and surveillance efforts are mostly based on case surveillance and local biobehavioral surveys.

Objective
We piloted Kai Noi, a web-based respondent-driven sampling (RDS) survey among MSM.

Methods
We developed an application coded in PHP that facilitated all procedures and events typically used in an RDS office for use on the web, including e-coupon validation, eligibility screening, consent, interview, peer recruitment, e-coupon issuance, and compensation. All procedures were automated and e-coupon ID numbers were randomly generated. Participants’ phone numbers were the principal means to detect and prevent duplicate enrollment. Sampling took place across Thailand; residents of Bangkok were also invited to attend 1 of 10 clinics for an HIV-related blood draw with additional compensation.

Results
Sampling took place from February to June 2022; seeds (21 at the start, 14 added later) were identified through banner ads, micromessaging, and in online chat rooms. Sampling reached all 6 regions and almost all provinces. Fraudulent (duplicate) enrollment using “borrowed” phone numbers was identified and led to the detection and invalidation of 318 survey records. A further 106 participants did not pass an attention filter question (asking recruits to select a specific categorical response) and were excluded from data analysis, leading to a final data set of 1643 valid participants. Only one record showed signs of straightlining (identical adjacent responses). None of the Bangkok respondents presented for a blood draw.

Conclusions
We successfully developed an application to implement web-based RDS among MSM across Thailand. Measures to minimize, detect, and eliminate fraudulent survey enrollment are imperative in web-based surveys offering compensation. Efforts to improve biomarker uptake are needed to fully tap the potential of web-based sampling and data collection.
Novel Approach for Detecting Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Pediatric Patients Using Machine Learning Models Based on Patient-Reported Symptoms: Model Development and Validation Study
Authors: Kawamoto Shota , Morikawa Yoshihiko , Yahagi Naohisa 
Published: April 2024

Background
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) affects children, causing serious infections, particularly in high-risk groups. Given the seasonality of RSV and the importance of rapid isolation of infected individuals, there is an urgent need for more efficient diagnostic methods to expedite this process.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the performance of a machine learning model that leverages the temporal diversity of symptom onset for detecting RSV infections and elucidate its discriminatory ability.

Methods
The study was conducted in pediatric and emergency outpatient settings in Japan. We developed a detection model that remotely confirms RSV infection based on patient-reported symptom information obtained using a structured electronic template incorporating the differential points of skilled pediatricians. An extreme gradient boosting–based machine learning model was developed using the data of 4174 patients aged ≤24 months who underwent RSV rapid antigen testing. These patients visited either the pediatric or emergency department of Yokohama City Municipal Hospital between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2015. The primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of the machine learning model for RSV infection, as determined by rapid antigen testing, measured using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The clinical efficacy was evaluated by calculating the discriminative performance based on the number of days elapsed since the onset of the first symptom and exclusion rates based on thresholds of reasonable sensitivity and specificity.

Results
Our model demonstrated an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.811 (95% CI 0.784-0.833) with good calibration and 0.746 (95% CI 0.694-0.794) for patients within 3 days of onset. It accurately captured the temporal evolution of symptoms; based on adjusted thresholds equivalent to those of a rapid antigen test, our model predicted that 6.9% (95% CI 5.4%-8.5%) of patients in the entire cohort would be positive and 68.7% (95% CI 65.4%-71.9%) would be negative. Our model could eliminate the need for additional testing in approximately three-quarters of all patients.

Conclusions
Our model may facilitate the immediate detection of RSV infection in outpatient settings and, potentially, in home environments. This approach could streamline the diagnostic process, reduce discomfort caused by invasive tests in children, and allow rapid implementation of appropriate treatments and isolation at home. The findings underscore the potential of machine learning in augmenting clinical decision-making in the early detection of RSV infection.
The Real-World Usability, Feasibility, and Performance Distributions of Deploying a Digital Toolbox of Computerized Assessments to Remotely Evaluate Brain Health: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Attarha Mouna , Mahncke Henry , Merzenich Michael 
Published: April 2024

Background
An ongoing global challenge is managing brain health and understanding how performance changes across the lifespan.

Objective
We developed and deployed a set of self-administrable, computerized assessments designed to measure key indexes of brain health across the visual and auditory sensory modalities. In this pilot study, we evaluated the usability, feasibility, and performance distributions of the assessments in a home-based, real-world setting without supervision.

Methods
Potential participants were untrained users who self-registered on an existing brain training app called BrainHQ. Participants were contacted via a recruitment email and registered remotely to complete a demographics questionnaire and 29 unique assessments on their personal devices. We examined participant engagement, descriptive and psychometric properties of the assessments, associations between performance and self-reported demographic variables, cognitive profiles, and factor loadings.

Results
Of the 365,782 potential participants contacted via a recruitment email, 414 (0.11%) registered, of whom 367 (88.6%) completed at least one assessment and 104 (25.1%) completed all 29 assessments. Registered participants were, on average, aged 63.6 (SD 14.8; range 13-107) years, mostly female (265/414, 64%), educated (329/414, 79.5% with a degree), and White (349/414, 84.3% White and 48/414, 11.6% people of color). A total of 72% (21/29) of the assessments showed no ceiling or floor effects or had easily modifiable score bounds to eliminate these effects. When correlating performance with self-reported demographic variables, 72% (21/29) of the assessments were sensitive to age, 72% (21/29) of the assessments were insensitive to gender, 93% (27/29) of the assessments were insensitive to race and ethnicity, and 93% (27/29) of the assessments were insensitive to education-based differences. Assessments were brief, with a mean duration of 3 (SD 1.0) minutes per task. The pattern of performance across the assessments revealed distinctive cognitive profiles and loaded onto 4 independent factors.

Conclusions
The assessments were both usable and feasible and warrant a full normative study. A digital toolbox of scalable and self-administrable assessments that can evaluate brain health at a glance (and longitudinally) may lead to novel future applications across clinical trials, diagnostics, and performance optimization.
Need for orthognathic surgery in cleft patients from Northern Finland
Authors: Podleśny Mateusz , Ylikontiola Leena , K. Sándor George , Vuollo Ville , Harila Virpi 
Published: April 2024

Objective: Northern Finland has a unique distribution of clefts compared to the rest of Europe and Finland. This may reflect the need for orthognathic surgery among Northern Finland’s patient pool. The aim of this study was to compare previously operated patients aged 18 years or older with cleft lip, cleft lip and alveolus, cleft lip and palate, cleft palate and to evaluate the need for orthognathic surgery in order to achieve a stable and functional occlusion.
Materials and methods: The study group consisted of all 18-years-old cleft patients treated in the Oulu Cleft Center. The total amount of patients was 110. The patients were compared retrospectively using patients’ hospital records. The majority of patients did not have any cleft-associated syndrome. The need for maxillary or bimaxillary orthognathic or corrective-jaw surgery was evaluated by the Oulu Cleft Team. A descriptive and statistical analysis was used to determine the need for orthognathic surgery according to sex and cleft type.
Results: There were nineteen patients of the total of 110 patients who met the criteria requiring corrective-jaw surgery (17,3%). In total 12 males (25,0%) and 7 females (11,3%) were evaluated for the need of orthognathic surgery. Sixteen of the 19 patients had palatal involvement of the cleft.
Conclusions: The need for orthognathic surgery was greater in the cleft lip palate and cleft palate patient groups compared to cleft lip alveolus or cleft lip groups. This study also found that males from Northern Finland need surgery more often than females.
Comparative evaluation of anti-anemic effect of Sucrosomial iron in experimental model of iron deficiency anemia in Wistar rats
Authors: Suva Manoj Arajanbhai , Tirgar Pravin Rambhai 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Anemia is a grave public health issue that affects 25% of the global population. Conventional iron formulations used in treatment have drawbacks such as poor bioavailability and gastric intolerability. The current study aimed to evaluate the anti-anemic effects of different iron salts in Wistar rats with iron deficiency anemia (IDA). IDA was induced by the validated pre-clinical model by retro-orbital bloodletting (1 ml) for 21 days along with an iron-deficient diet in Wistar rats. The rats (n=48) were assigned into 8 groups: Control group, IDA rats, IDA rats receiving either vehicle or different iron salts (ferrous sulfate, ferrous ascorbate, ferrous fumarate, and Sucrosomial iron) for 21 days at a dose of 30 mg/kg p.o. Hematological parameters and iron store indices were assessed at each visit.
Anemia induction markedly reduced hemoglobin levels in all IDA groups on day 21. In contrast, iron supplements showed significant improvement in hematological profile after 21 days of treatment. Interestingly, the Sucrosomial iron-supplemented group (group 8) showed significantly higher improvement in hemoglobin levels and hematocrit than did conventional iron supplements such as ferrous sulfate (group 5), ferrous ascorbate (group 6) and ferrous fumarate (group 7) (p <0.05 for each group, respectively). Sucrosomial iron also showed slightly better improvement in iron store indices (serum iron & ferritin levels, total iron binding capacity and transferrin saturation [%]) when compared with other iron supplements (non-significant difference).
Authors concluded that Sucrosomial iron has a significant potential to improve IDA in Wistar rats compared to conventional iron salts. Sucrosomial iron can be useful for the management of IDA either prophylactically or therapeutically.
Synergistic effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and aspirin in the clinical practice – a narrative review
Authors: Zajac-Grabiec Anna , Sroczynska Katarzyna , Miszczyk Justyna 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The review aimed to illustrate the structure, role and effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) in combination with acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin, ASA) in various clinical cases. This verification of earlier single studies may be a guide in the further treatment of civilization diseases. The results of the presented narrative review suggest that aspirin supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids reduces pro-inflammatory biomarkers in sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Including adequate amounts of omega 3-PUFAs in therapy, rather than increasing the dose of acetylsalicylic acid, may contribute to beneficial effects in treating thrombosis and preventing myocardial infarction or other cardiovascular diseases, which is particularly important in aspirin-resistant patients. As suggested in the literature, a low daily dose of omega-3 fatty acids was effective in slowing the progression of kidney disease with IgA nephropathy. Aspirin supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids has improved clinical and immunological outcomes in the treatment of periodontitis or the therapy of colorectal cancer tumor lesions. The synergistic effect of both compounds is proposed as a new therapeutic option in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Further research into the synergistic effects of omega-3 fatty acids in combination with acetylsalicylic acid may provide a breakthrough in drug dose reduction, ultimately enabling more effective and safer pharmacotherapy for the patient. Therefore, studies on polyunsaturated fatty acids in combination with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in vivo are needed.
Solutions to Improve Human Capital to Support Dao People in Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam, to Escape Poverty Sustainably
Authors: Duyen Nguyen Thi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Researching solutions to improve human capital to support the Dao people to escape poverty sustainably in Thanh Hoa province is limited by the author to the following aspects: the current status of the human capital of Dao households; the main principle in poverty reduction is the need to give trust to the poor; classify poor household into three groups: household with elderly and sick people; household groups have working workers but lack skills and experience; groups of households that refuse to work and are lazy; support policies and efforts of the poor themselves to improve the capacity of sustainable poverty escape of Dao household today in Thanh Hoa province.
Water Balance In Hapic Cambisols Under Forest And Pasture In The Bonfim Watershed: Mountainous Region Of Rio De Janeiro State
Authors: Nascimento Ana Claudia de Mello , Teixeira Wenceslau Geraldes , Gonçalves Alexandre Ortega , Ohnuma Junior Alfredo Akira 
Published: April 2024

Objective: To estimate the water volumes of the main components of BH in a Haplic Cambisol in forests and pastures in the Bonfim River basin, mountainous region of RJ.

Theoretical framework: The water balance (BH) accounts for the volumes of water input and output in a given space (Haplic Cambisols under forests and pastures).
Method: The study period was 01/01/2000 and 12/31/2019. The HYDRUS-1D model was used to estimate water volumes in BH. Pedotransfer functions were used to determine the physical water parameters of water retention and conduction in the soil. The daily precipitation and evapotranspiration data were considered upper boundary conditions, and the lower boundary conditions were considered free drainage. Water absorption by the roots was considered as the additional factor (Sink factor) in the soil water mass balance.

Results and conclusion: The average annual precipitation was 1462 mm and the potential evapotranspiration was 1026 mm. In lhe area under pastures: 83%, 7% and 9% of the total precipitated and percolated, transpired and evaporated, respectively. In areas under forests: these values were 43%, 51% and 6%. In the dry season, evapotranspiration was 20% of the total precipitation in the forest area and 8% in the pasture areas. Percolation in the dry season was 17% of the total precipitation in the pasture and 7% in the forest. In the rainy season the percolated values were 66% in the pasture and 36% in the forest.

Implications of the research: Knowing the volumes of water in the components of the BH can help in decisions regarding the organization of land use and cover systems in basins of the Atlantic Forest biome. Changing soil use and cover systems alters the volumes of water percolated or evapotranspired.

Originality/value: Estimating the water volumes in the BH components in pasture and forest allows predicting the effects of climate change and land use and their consequences.
Analyzing the Construct Validity of Work Readiness Instruments for Indonesian Law Faculty Students Using the Rasch Model
Authors: Sahyana Yana , Alyani Neni , Rosita Lilis , Anzhali Megga Nur , Suryana Dodi , Febriani Delia , Noor Amelia Mohd 
Published: April 2024

Objective: The issue of undergraduate law students tends not to have clear work readiness, the data is obtained from several research results, the research findings have an indication of concern in interpreting the data which has an impact on inaccuracies in analyzing the data, the unclear construct of the instrument items studied, the measurements obtained depend on the characteristics of the test used, the item parameters depend on individual abilities, and measurement errors can only know for groups not individuals. Measuring instruments need to be tested for validity and reliability before being used on individuals to achieve valid and reliable goals. This study aims to test the validity and reliability of work readiness instruments based on the Work-Readiness Integrated Competence Model (WRICM) theory.

Method: This research was conducted on 720 participants from several universities in Indonesia with a Cross Sectional Survey research design. The results of data collection were then analyzed through the Rasch model using the Winstep version 3.73 application.

Results: The results showed a unidimensionality value of 36.1%, item reliability of 0.99. Of the 23 items created, there are 14 instrument items that have met the requirements of objective measurement.

Conclusion: The Indonesian work readiness instrument obtained can be used to obtain data on work readiness needs as a foothold for determining the education strategy for law faculty students in Indonesia in terms of content, methods, and comprehensive evaluation.
The Influence of Chitosan Addition on Sulfuric Acid-Attack and Carbonation of Concrete
Authors: Barbieri Jéssica Caroline Zanette , Veit Márcia Teresinha , Balestra Carlos Eduardo Tino , Schneider Ricardo , Araújo Thiago Peixoto de , Bittencourt Paulo Rodrigo Stival , Gonçalves Gilberto da Cunha , Sandmann André 
Published: April 2024

Objective: This paper investigates the impact of carbonation and sulfuric acid attack on concrete pipes with chitosan addition.

Theoretical Framework: The carbonation and sulfuric acid attack of concrete structures results in a decrease in the durability and service life of structures such as sewage concrete pipes and oil wells and represents a substantial environmental and social concern.
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Music and the aging brain – Exploring the role of long-term Carnatic music training on cognition and gray matter volumes
Authors: Ghosh Aishwarya , Singh Sadhana , S. Monisha , Jagtap Tejaswini , Issac Thomas Gregor 
Published: April 2024

Objectives:
Aging is a natural process and is often associated with an increased incidence of cognitive impairment. Physical exercise, diet, and leisure activities (music, dance, and art) are some of the lifestyle factors that contribute to healthy aging. The present study aims to explore the differences in cognitive functioning between aging individuals involved in musical activity throughout their lifetime and the ones who were not.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty-one healthy elderly individuals (50–80 years of age) residing in an urban locality were selected for the study from the Tata Longitudinal Study of Aging cohort. Participants were divided into two groups: Active musicians trained in Carnatic music for more than five years (n = 18) and age-matched non-musicians (n = 33). Addenbrooke cognitive examination-III, Hindi mental status examination, and trail-making test-B (TMT-B) were used to assess cognitive functioning. A Generalized Linear Regression Model was performed including covariates such as gender, age, and years of education. We also looked at the available brain magnetic resonance imaging data of a subset of our study population to inspect the volumetric differences between musicians and non-musicians.

Results:
Our results showed that musicians had significantly better visuospatial abilities as compared to non-musicians (P = 0.043). Musicians (130.89 ± 45.16 s) also took less time to complete the TMT-B task than non-musicians (148.73 ± 39.65 s), although it was not a statistically significant difference (P =0.150). In addition, brain imaging data suggested that musicians had increased gray matter volumes in the right precuneus, right post-central gyrus, right medial and superior frontal gyrus, right orbital gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, left cuneus, left fusiform gyrus, and bilateral cingulate gyrus.

Conclusion:
Our findings are indicative of music being an important attribute in improving cognitive reserve and predicting cognitive resilience. These findings pave the way to explore the utility of non-pharmacological interventions, such as Music Therapy (especially Carnatic music in the Indian context), as a potential factor for improving cognitive reserve in elderly individuals.
Extracranial internal carotid artery-dissecting aneurysm having a re-entry tear and causing lower cranial nerve palsies treated with flow-diverting stent: A case report
Authors: Izutsu Nobuyuki , Nishizawa Naoki , Nakajima Shin , Kanemura Yonehiro , Ozaki Tomohiko , Asai Katsunori , Kidani Tomoki , Kobayashi Koji , Fujimi Yosuke , Fujinaka Toshiyuki 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA)-dissecting aneurysms (DAs) rarely cause re-entry tears and lower cranial nerve palsies. The therapeutic strategies for these pathologies are not well established. This report presents a case of an extracranial ICA -DA with a re-entry tear that caused lower cranial nerve palsy.

Case Description:
A 60-year-old man presented with left neck pain, hoarseness, and dysphagia. Physical examination and laryngoscopy determined palsies of the left cranial nerves IX, X, and XII. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) revealed a DA in the left extracranial ICA, and three-dimensional DSA showed entry and re-entry tears in the intimal flap. Flow-diverting stents (FDSs) were placed on the lesion that covered the entry and re-entry tears because the symptoms did not improve after five weeks of conservative treatment. A post-procedural angiogram indicated flow stagnation in the DA. Symptoms improved remarkably immediately after the procedure, and the aneurysm was almost completely occluded six months later.

Conclusion:
Herein, an extracranial ICA -DA with a re-entry tear that caused lower cranial nerve palsy did not improve after five weeks of conservative treatment. FDS placement promptly resolved the aneurysm and symptoms. Thus, FDS placement may be an effective treatment option for extracranial ICA-DAs with re-entry tears or lower cranial nerve palsies.