bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Scoring system is a valid subjective and objective tool to evaluate outcomes of surgical treatment of patients affected by upper and lower extremity tumors
Authors: Rizzo A. , Paderno M. , Saccomanno M. F. , Milano F. , Milano G. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The main purpose of the present study was to evaluate if there is a difference between objective or subjective administration of the MSTS score in a cohort of patients affected by musculoskeletal oncological diseases.

Materials and methods
All patients who underwent surgery for bone or soft tissue localization of neoplastic disease in lower or upper limb from June 2015 to June 2020 were considered eligible. In order to administer the score as a PROM, the MSTS was first translated and cross-culturally adapted in Italian. During follow up visits, all patients filled out Italian versions of SF36, TESS and MSTS. Psychometric properties of the Italian version of MSTS were analyzed. Correlation between objective and self-administered MSTS score was assessed through Pearson’s coefficient.

Results
A finale sample of 110 patients were included: 59 affected by lower extremity involvement and 51 affected by upper extremity involvement. The Italian version of the MSTS score showed good psychometric properties for both lower and upper extremity. The correlation between self-administered and hetero-administered version of the questionnaire was as high as r = 0.97 for lower extremities and r = 0.96 for upper extremities.

Conclusions
The Italian version of the MSTS is a valid tool to evaluate outcomes of surgical treatment of patients affected by extremities tumors and it can be used as a subjective tool for both lower and upper extremity.
Advancement of Analytical Model for Hydrophobic Rectangular Pillared Array on Al-Surface and Its Experimental Validation
Authors: Jaishree Sharma , Bhandari Anupam , Khatri Neha , Singh Bharpoor , Jangra Sahil , Husain Akmal , Kumar Avinash , Goyat M. S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOver the past few decades, self-cleaning surfaces have been significantly investigated due to their commercial applications in various fields. However, the researchers are still lagging in developing better mathematical models and fabricating hydrophobic surfaces for direct espousal in industry. In this study, a force-balanced system-based mathematical model is modified for a rectangular pillared array-based micro-structure and MATLAB simulations were used to validate it theoretically. The same pattern was developed on Al-surface using a single-point diamond turning (SPDT) machine experimentally. The experimental results were validated using coherence correlation interferometry (CCI), optical microscopy, drop shape analyser (DSA), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The experimentally estimated and theoretically predicted contact angles of the rectangular pillared array are found in close agreement. Further, the advancement in mathematical models and models-based surface manufacturing strategies can boost the research in this domain to develop robust self-cleaning hydrophobic surfaces.
ENLIGHT (European Network for Light Ion Hadron Therapy) and its role in Hadron therapy
Authors: Georgieva Petya , Dosanjh Manjit 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study provides a comprehensive overview of the progress in hadron therapy within Europe, particularly highlighting the critical roles of the Proton Ion Medical Machine Study (PIMMS) and the European Network for Light Ion Hadron Therapy (ENLIGHT).

Methods
Our approach includes a retrospective analysis of the advances in hadron therapy facilities, facilitated by a synthesis of interdisciplinary collaboration data gathered from ENLIGHT's annual meetings since 2002, and an assessment of European-funded projects and networks' contributions to the field.

Results
The results showcase significant advancements in cancer treatment due to collective efforts in hadron therapy, underscored by ENLIGHT’s pivotal role in fostering interdisciplinary cooperation and the harmonization of treatment protocols across Europe.

Conclusion
The evolution of hadron therapy, from its inception to its current impact on patient care, demonstrates the successful realization of complex medical technologies through sustained collaboration and standardized practices across European institutions and projects.
Identification of a disulfidptosis-related lncRNA signature for the prognostic and immune landscape prediction in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wei Zhengyu , Zhou Chongchang , Fang Yi , Deng Hongxia , Shen Zhisen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Disulfidptosis, a newly identified form of cell death, is triggered by disulfide stress. Herein, a unique signature was developed based on disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs (DRlncRNAs) for the prognostic and immune landscape prediction of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Methods
Transcriptome, somatic mutation, and clinical data were acquired at The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Individuals were partitioned into training and test cohorts at a 1:1 ratio to facilitate the development of a DRlncRNA signature using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operation method. Based on the median risk score, all HNSCC individuals were stratified into the high-risk group (HRG) and low-risk group (LRG). Kaplan–Meier survival and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were used to estimate the prognostic value, and a nomogram was generated for survival prediction. To provide a more comprehensive assessment, the tumor microenvironment, functional enrichment, immune cell infiltration, and immunotherapeutic sensitivity were explored between LRG and HRG.

Results
A DRlncRNA signature was established with 10 DRlncRNAs. The corresponding values of areas under the ROC curves for 1–, 3–, and 5–year overall survival were 0.710, 0.692, and 0.640. A more favorable prognosis was noted in the patients with lower risk, along with higher immune scores, increased immune-related functions, and immune cell infiltration, as well as improved response to the immunotherapeutic intervention in comparison with individuals at higher risk.

Conclusion
These findings demonstrate that the developed DRlncRNA signature holds promise as a reliable prognostic marker and predictor of immunotherapy response in HNSCC patients.
Seasonal evaluation of heavy metals and zooplankton distribution and their co-relationship in the Rosetta branch area of the Nile Delta in Egypt
Authors: Younis Mai L. , Rizk El-Sayed T. E. , Elewa Shehata E. , M. Abo-Elfotouh Olfat , Mola Hesham R. A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe River Nile is the artery of Egypt, as it presents more than 96% of the municipal, industrial, and irrigation necessities of Egypt. This study was dedicated to providing data about the effect of pollution at six stations on the River Nile at the Rosetta branch during the period from August 2019 to April 2020, using heavy metals analysis and zooplankton as biological indicators. It was found that the average of heavy metals concentration follows the descending order Al > Fe > Mn > Zn > Ni > Co. Most of the heavy metals recorded its highest values at El-Rahawy station. Zooplankton community was represented by 32 species in addition to 4 Meroplanktons. Five groups of zooplankton were recorded, viz. Rotifera (1717 org./L), Protozoa (552 org./L), Cladocera (54 org./L), Nematoda (46 org./L), and other Meroplankton (44 org./L), dominated by Rotifera followed by Protozoa, Cladocera, Nematoda, and other Meroplanktons contributing 71%, 23%, 2%, 2%, and 2%, respectively. The highest average density of total zooplankton was recorded during spring while the lowest was recorded during summer. The highest similarity of (79.12%) was observed between (Site 1) and (Site 5). Almost all diversity indices were conducted and showed its highest values in site 6. The principal component analysis conducted between heavy metals, and zooplankton showed a significant negative correlation was shown for the dominant zooplankton with the heavy metals except with cobalt. Nematoda and the rotifer Brachionus angularis recorded a positive correlation with heavy metals except cobalt.
A novel nanocomposite-based zeolite for efficient remediation of Cd-contaminated industrial wastewater
Authors: Elkhatib Elsayed A. , Moharem Mohamed L. , Saad Ahmed F. , Abdelhamed Safa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNovel nanocomposite sorbent was produced by depositing nanostructured water treatment residual (nWTR) onto zeolite (Ze) using high-energy ball milling process. The physicochemical properties of nanocomposite (Ze-nWTR) prior and after Cd adsorption were analyzed by SEM–EDX, FTIR, BET and XRD. A batch study of cadmium adsorption (Ze-nWTR) was performed at various process parameters (sorbent dose, contact time, solution pH, competing ions, initial concentration and temperature). The obtained data were fitted to various equilibrium and kinetics models. The Langmuir and power function models successfully described Cd adsorption equilibrium and kinetic processes, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) value of Cd by Ze-nWTR nanocomposite (147 mgg−1) was 3 and 5.9 times higher than those of nWTR and zeolite sorbents, respectively. Increasing temperature from 287 to 307 K has resulted in increasing the maximum Cd adsorption capacity (qmax) of the nanocomposite from 147.9 to 270 mgg−1. The calculated thermodynamics parameters suggested physical and chemical attraction between Cd and Ze-nWTR and the association of dissociative mechanism in Cd(II) sorption process. The excellent reusability and Cd removal ability of Ze-nWTR nanocomposite (98%) from industrial wastewater confirm its potential as promising adsorbent for wastewater treatment applications.
Extracting of prospective groundwater potential zones using remote sensing data, GIS, and multi-criteria decision-making approach in the Sub-Himalayan Dooars region of West Bengal, India
Authors: Roy Dipesh , Barman Sanjoy , Mandal Goutam , Mitra Rajib , Sarkar Amit , Hossain Golap , Roy Puja , Almohamad Hussein , Abdo Hazem Ghassan , Mandal Deepak Kumar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGroundwater is one of the fundamental sources of fresh water. Currently, the unequal distribution of groundwater poses a significant environmental crisis, leading to scarcity in certain regions and affecting the livelihood of living organisms worldwide. The present study introduces the Sub-Himalayan foothills Dooars, a highly populated and agriculturally based area. To delineate the groundwater potentiality eight different effective parameters have been employed such as slope, geomorphology, soil, LULC, lineament, rainfall, hydrogeology, and drainage density. For the process and development of these eight thematic layers, geographic information systems and satellite images (Landsat 8) have been used to give the normalized weight and rank value in each thematic layer and their sub-criteria. MCDA-AHP-based model is used for overlay analysis to delineate groundwater potentiality (GWPZ). After overlay analysis in ArcGIS 10.2.2 final groundwater potentiality map is further grouped into four potentiality zones, i.e., very high, high, moderate, and low potential zones. A very high potential zone encompasses 22.45 sq. km. in the southern portion of the selected study region. The high potential zone encompasses 1613.32 sq. km in the southeastern part, the moderate zone is covered by 1063.84 sq.km, and the 71.03 sq.km (2.56% area of the region) area is covered by the low potential zone. The available well data from CGWB have been utilized to assess the potential of groundwater in the district, ensuring originality and authentic validation. It is found that there is a correlation between the observed potentiality zone and existing well data. With the growing population in the Sub-Himalayan Dooars region, there has been a corresponding rise in the demand for water. Hence, this research would assist the authorities and policymakers in effectively managing the groundwater resources in the district.
Prediction of groundwater level using GMDH artificial neural network based on climate change scenarios
Authors: Azizi Ehsan , Yosefvand Fariborz , Yaghoubi Behrouz , Izadbakhsh Mohammad Ali , Shabanlou Saeid 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOne of the main challenges regarding the prediction of groundwater resource changes is the climate change phenomenon and its impacts on quantitative variations of such resources. Groundwater resources are treated as one of the main strategic resources of any region. Given the climate change phenomenon and its impacts on hydrological parameters, it is necessary to evaluate and predict future changes to achieve an appropriate plan to maintain and preserve water resources. In this regard, the present study is put forward by utilizing the Statistical Down-Scaling Model (SDSM) to forecast the main climate variables (i.e., temperature and precipitation) based on new Rcp scenarios for greenhouse gas emissions within a period from 2020 to 2060. The results obtained from the prediction of climate parameters indicate different values in each emission scenario, so the limit, minimum and maximum values occur in the Rcp8.5, Rcp2.6 and Rcp4.5 scenarios, respectively. Also, a model is developed by utilizing the GMDH artificial neural network technique. The developed model predicts the average groundwater level based on the climate variables in such a way that by implementing the climate parameters forecasted by the SDSM model, the groundwater level within a time period from 2020 to 2060 is predicted. The results obtained from the verification and validation of the model imply its proper performance and reasonable accuracy in predicating groundwater level based on the climate variables. The findings derived from the present paper indicate that compared to the years prior to the prediction period, the groundwater level of the Sahneh Plain has dramatically dropped so that based on the Rcp scenarios, the groundwater level values are in their lowest state within the period from 2046 to 2056. The findings of this paper can be used by managers and decision makers as a layout for evaluating climate change effects in the Sahneh Plain.
Flood mapping based on novel ensemble modeling involving the deep learning, Harris Hawk optimization algorithm and stacking based machine learning
Authors: Costache Romulus , Pal Subodh Chandra , Pande Chaitanya B. , Islam Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul , Alshehri Fahad , Abdo Hazem Ghassan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAmong the various natural disasters that take place around the world, flood is considered to be the most extensive. There have been several floods in Buzău river basin, and as a result of this, the area has been chosen as the study area. For the purpose of this research, we applied deep learning and machine learning benchmarks in order to prepare flood potential maps at the basin scale. In this regard 12 flood predictors, 205 flood and 205 non-flood locations were used as input data into the following 3 complex models: Deep Learning Neural Network-Harris Hawk Optimization-Index of Entropy (DLNN-HHO-IOE), Multilayer Perceptron-Harris Hawk Optimization-Index of Entropy (MLP-HHO-IOE) and Stacking ensemble-Harris Hawk Optimization-Index of Entropy (Stacking-HHO-IOE). The flood sample was divided into training (70%) and validating (30%) sample, meanwhile the prediction ability of flood conditioning factors was tested through the Correlation-based Feature Selection method. ROC Curve and statistical metrics were involved in the results validation. The modeling process through the stated algorithms showed that the most important flood predictors are represented by: slope (importance ≈ 20%), distance from river (importance ≈ 17.5%), land use (importance ≈ 12%) and TPI (importance ≈ 10%). The importance values were used to compute the flood susceptibility, while Natural Breaks method was used to classify the results. The high and very high flood susceptibility is spread on approximately 35–40% of the study zone. The ROC Curve, in terms of Success, Rate shows that the highest performance was achieved FPIDLNN-HHO-IOE (AUC = 0.97), followed by FPIStacking-HHO-IOE (AUC = 0.966) and FPIMLP-HHO-IOE (AUC = 0.953), while the Prediction Rate indicates the FPIStacking-HHO-IOE as being the most performant model with an AUC of 0.977, followed by FPIDLNN-HHO-IOE (AUC = 0.97) and FPIMLP-HHO-IOE (AUC = 0.924).
In situ chemical oxidation of tinidazole in aqueous media by heat-activated persulfate: kinetics, thermodynamic, and mineralization studies
Authors: Zarei Amin Allah , Bazrafshan Edris , Mosafer Jafar , Foroughi Maryam , Khaksefidi Razieh , Boghsani Gholamheidar Teimori , Mohammadi Leili , Dargahi Abdollah 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the use of heat-activated persulfate (HAP) as a chemical oxidation technique for removing tinidazole (TNZ) antibiotic from aqueous solutions. The impact of various operating parameters, including TNZ initial concentration (20 μM), persulfate (PS) initial dose (0.2–2 mM), solution pH (3–11), solution temperature (20–60 °C), and reaction time (10–120 min), was examined. The results indicated that sulfate radicals were the primary species responsible for TNZ degradation. Higher temperatures and PS concentrations improved the process, while higher pH values and TNZ initial concentrations slowed it down. Additionally, chloride and bicarbonate ions reduced reaction rates, with chloride ions having a more significant effect. Under optimal conditions (including [TNZ]0 = 20 μM, pH = 7, [PS]0 = 1 mM, temperature = 60 °C, and reaction time = 120 min), the removal efficiency achieved was 91.15%, with a mineralization rate of 85.8%. These results suggest that the process is relatively safe. The degradation of TNZ was best described by the pseudo-first-order model compared to other models. Additionally, the process was found to be exothermic and spontaneous, with a negative Gibbs free energy change indicating that it is thermodynamically feasible. The study found HAP to be an effective and cost-efficient technique for removing TNZ antibiotic due to its ease of operation and the absence of the need for additional chemicals or waste handling. Based on these findings, HAP can be considered an advanced oxidation technique for treating antibiotic-contaminated water.
Whole genome sequencing of mouse lines divergently selected for fatness (FLI) and leanness (FHI) revealed several genetic variants as candidates for novel obesity genes
Authors: Šimon Martin , Mikec Špela , Atanur Santosh S. , Konc Janez , Morton Nicholas M. , Horvat Simon , Kunej Tanja 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Analysing genomes of animal model organisms is widely used for understanding the genetic basis of complex traits and diseases, such as obesity, for which only a few mouse models exist, however, without their lean counterparts.

Objective
To analyse genetic differences in the unique mouse models of polygenic obesity (Fat line) and leanness (Lean line) originating from the same base population and established by divergent selection over more than 60 generations.

Methods
Genetic variability was analysed using WGS. Variants were identified with GATK and annotated with Ensembl VEP. g.Profiler, WebGestalt, and KEGG were used for GO and pathway enrichment analysis. miRNA seed regions were obtained with miRPathDB 2.0, LncRRIsearch was used to predict targets of identified lncRNAs, and genes influencing adipose tissue amount were searched using the IMPC database.

Results
WGS analysis revealed 6.3 million SNPs, 1.3 million were new. Thousands of potentially impactful SNPs were identified, including within 24 genes related to adipose tissue amount. SNP density was highest in pseudogenes and regulatory RNAs. The Lean line carries SNP rs248726381 in the seed region of mmu-miR-3086-3p, which may affect fatty acid metabolism. KEGG analysis showed deleterious missense variants in immune response and diabetes genes, with food perception pathways being most enriched. Gene prioritisation considering SNP GERP scores, variant consequences, and allele comparison with other mouse lines identified seven novel obesity candidate genes: 4930441H08Rik, Aff3, Fam237b, Gm36633, Pced1a, Tecrl, and Zfp536.

Conclusion
WGS revealed many genetic differences between the lines that accumulated over the selection period, including variants with potential negative impacts on gene function. Given the increasing availability of mouse strains and genetic polymorphism catalogues, the study is a valuable resource for researchers to study obesity.
Impact of 2D engine nacelle flow on buffet
Authors: Lürkens Thomas , Meinke Matthias , Schröder Wolfgang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNumerical studies on the interaction of nacelle and airfoil shock dynamics are performed. To keep the computational cost at an acceptable level, first 2D investigations on the interaction of nacelle and airfoil are performed that cover basic dynamic phenomena of this configuration. The transonic flow around the OAT15A airfoil is computed at buffet conditions, i.e., freestream Mach number $$Ma{_\infty } = 0.73$$

M
a

∞

=
0.73

, chord-based freestream Reynolds number $$Re_c = 2\cdot 10^6$$

R

e
c

=
2
·

10
6

, and angle of attack $$\alpha = 3.5^\circ $$

α
=
3
.

5
∘

using wall-modeled LES. Two configurations are considered, one which includes a generic 2D ultra-high bypass ratio (UHBR) engine nacelle geometry and one without an engine, which is denoted the baseline case. In addition to the airfoil shock, the flow field of the nacelle configuration is characterized by a shock wave on the upper part of the nacelle. Furthermore, the introduction of the UHBR-engine nacelle leads to a reduced effective angle of attack and Mach number in the flow to the airfoil. The changes in the topology of the flow to the airfoil caused by the nacelle lead to a reduced strength of the airfoil shock and a less developed buffet, which resembles the behavior close to the stability limit. The reduced shock dynamics yields lower pressure fluctuations at the airfoil trailing edge. A frequency analysis of time series data from the airfoil shock location shows a reduction of the buffet frequency for the nacelle configuration. Further investigations of the flow field dynamics using sparsity-promoting dynamic mode decomposition reveal a mutual mode between the airfoil shock and the nacelle shock. The existence of this mode has consequences for future investigations of nacelle airfoil interaction in transonic flow.