bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term suitability of an alternative host for rearing the sugarcane stalk borer parasitoid Tetrastichus howardi
Authors: Bermúdez Natalia Carolina , de la Pava Nataly , Cáceres Juan Sebastián Dueñas , Silva-Torres Christian Sherley Araújo da , Torres Jorge Braz 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe continuous utilisation of an alternative host may influence parasitoid performance across successive generations due to conditioning in natal hosts. Tetrastichus howardi (Olliff) has successfully been reared using Tenebrio molitor L. pupae as a feasible alternative host. However, the extended rearing of T. howardi on this alternative host may impact the biological features of the parasitoids. Parasitoids were reared using T. molitor pupae for 30 consecutive generations. Quality criteria were assessed during the generations F5, F15, and F30, offering pupae of the target pest, Diatraea saccharalis (Fabr.), and compared with the F0 generation (parasitoids reared in D. saccharalis pupae). Criteria included assessments of parasitism performance, host selection, and wing form variation in the parasitoid wasps. Additionally, we examined the fecundity of T. howardi females that emerged from both hosts, considering their age, egg loading before and after one oviposition, as well as parasitism of sugarcane stalk borer pupae. Rearing T. howardi using pupae of T. molitor did not affect its biological traits or preference for the target pest for 30 generations. After parasitism, the parasitoid left the host pupa inside the stalk, and one oviposition was enough to kill D. saccharalis pupae and obtain viable parasitoid progeny. Female sexual maturation and egg loading occurred 72 and 96 h after parasitoid emergence. Egg-loading recovery after parasitism did not happen within 24 h. T. howardi can be reared for up to 30 generations using alternative hosts without compromising its parasitism performance or egg loading.
Informational Efficiency of Cryptocurrency Markets
Authors: Nimalendran Mahendrarajah , Pathak Praveen , Petryk Mariia , Qiu Liangfei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study employs variance ratios (VRs) to assess the roles of regulation and liquidity on cryptocurrency market efficiency, focusing on crypto-assets subject to varying degrees of regulation. Our findings reveal that cryptocurrencies supervised by FinCEN-licensed exchanges (IEO-L) exhibit market efficiency similar to SEC-regulated traditional stock offerings (IPOs). Conversely, noncompliant crypto-assets display higher market inefficiency. We also establish a connection between regulatory compliance and issuing entity reputation mechanisms. Our results indicate that compliance with existing regulatory norms enhances efficiency and reduces investor risks in crypto-assets. Furthermore, assets voluntarily adhering to regulatory norms can attain efficiency akin to government-regulated assets.
A Musical Variation on Late Medieval Religious Reform: Johannes Nider and the Observant Dominican Liturgy
Authors: Jones CJ 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Dominican friar Johannes Nider (1380–1438), known today as the father of witchcraft literature, played an important role at the Council of Basel (1431–49) on the Council's delegation to the Hussites and its deputation on religious reform. Despite Nider's reputation as a reformer of religious communities, his approach to communal liturgy has not attracted close attention. This article focuses on his broad theoretical treatise, De reformatione religiosorum or De reformatione status cenobitici (On the Reform of the Religious State), in which Nider articulates a philosophical concept of reform as the restoration of beauty, manifested in well-ordered and balanced proportion. In the interest of universal applicability, the treatise remains abstract. However, biographical descriptions of Nider from his contemporaries and the visitation letters he wrote to women's convents show Nider as an engaged liturgical leader, a talented singer with a robust voice, and a zealous expert in the legal particulars of Dominican liturgical regulations. In light of these contexts, De reformatione's sweeping laments over liturgical neglect and academic metaphors of well-disposed proportion are not just rule-hammering and scholastic fancy but rather universalized expressions of Nider's lived commitment to Dominican musical and ritual practice.
SICL based Ka-band series SPDT switch for duplexer application
Authors: Shukla Saurabh , Mukherjee Soumava 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a Ka-band series single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switch circuit realized in substrate-integrated coaxial line (SICL) environment for time division duplex operation. It is designed with a low-cost printed circuit board (PCB) technique. The size of the proposed circuit is

$3.1\lambda_{g} \times 5.9\lambda_{g}$

, where λg is the guided wavelength at the center frequency of 27.75 GHz. In this circuit, a SICL-based SPDT switching circuit is proposed with radio frequency (RF) isolation network where the shunt connection of butterfly stubs is in an asymmetric stripline environment. The proposed circuit exhibits less than 2 dB insertion loss at 27–27.9 GHz and less than 2.5 dB insertion loss at 27–28.5 GHz. The design offers good impedance matching in the Transmit (Tx) and Receive (Rx) channels from the common Tx/Rx input channel, along with more than 24 dB isolation between ON and OFF state output channels. The proposed circuit is suitable for millimeter-wave communication systems.
Diagnostic Method for Atmosphere–Ocean Coupling Over Tropical Oceans at the Sub‐Seasonal Timescale
Authors: Takano Y. H. , Kodama C. , Miura H. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study introduces a novel diagnostic method to assess tropical atmosphere‐ocean coupling, using a two‐dimensional plane defined by the 90‐day high‐pass‐filtered sea surface temperature (SST) and column water vapor (CWV). The method was applied to reanalysis data and high‐resolution coupled atmosphere‐ocean simulation data. In the Indo–Pacific warm pool region, the phase relationship between SST and CWV remained consistent across both reanalysis and simulation data sets. However, differences in the temporal evolution of these variables were observed in the central Pacific region. The heat budget analysis results indicate that the differences between the two data sets in the central Pacific are related to variations in the effects of atmospheric disturbances on SST. This study demonstrates the potential of our novel diagnostic method for evaluating atmosphere–ocean coupling in climate models.
3D Multi‐Fluid MHD Simulation of the Early Time Behavior and Cross‐Field Propagation of an Artificial Plasma Cloud in the Bottom Side Ionosphere
Authors: Hooper C. T. , Ober D. M. , Crawford T. S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe relative motion of an artificial plasma stream in an ambient plasma background transverse to the geomagnetic field produces a polarization current and an drift in the direction of the injected photoionized neutral cloud. The polarization current couples the ion cloud momentum to the ambient plasma causing the stream to brake or “skid” before coming to rest. A multi‐fluid five‐moment resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model has been previously developed and is used in this study to simulate an artificial barium cloud released at 8 km/s in the lower ionosphere transverse to the magnetic field. The MHD model’s governing equations are used to derive 2D analytical solutions to the equations of motion that capture oscillatory behavior relating the cloud ion cyclotron frequency, artificial and ambient plasma density, initial release velocity, and photoionization rate. The analytical solutions are compared to the MHD results for time t < 1 s and previous 1D momentum coupling models. It is shown that motion in the cloud release direction is consistent with previous models while motion in the polarization direction is consistent with numerical results.
Observed Seasonal Evolution of the Antarctic Slope Current System off the Coast of Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica
Authors: Lauber Julius , de Steur Laura , Hattermann Tore , Darelius Elin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe access of heat to the Antarctic ice shelf cavities is regulated by the Antarctic Slope Front, separating relatively warm offshore water masses from cold water masses on the continental slope and inside the cavity. Previous observational studies along the East Antarctic continental slope have identified the drivers and variability of the front and the associated current, but a complete description of their seasonal cycle is currently lacking. In this study, we utilize two years (2019–2020) of observations from two oceanographic moorings east of the prime meridian to further detail the slope front and current seasonality. In combination with climatological hydrography and satellite‐derived surface velocity, we identify processes that explain the hydrographic variability observed at the moorings. These processes include (a) an offshore spreading of seasonally formed Antarctic Surface Water, resulting in a lag in salinity and thermocline depth seasonality toward deeper isobaths, and (b) the crucial role of buoyancy fluxes from sea ice melt and formation for the baroclinic seasonal cycle. Finally, data from two sub‐ice‐shelf moorings below Fimbulisen show that flow at the main sill into the cavity seasonally coincides with a weaker slope current in spring/summer. The flow is directed out of the cavity in autumn/winter when the slope current is strongest. The refined description of the variability of the slope current and front contributes to a more complete understanding of processes important for ice‐shelf‐ocean interactions in East Antarctica.
Flow and Transport in Coastal Aquifer‐Aquitard Systems: Experimental and Numerical Analysis
Authors: Zhang Jiaxu , Lu Chunhui , Shen Chengji , Liu Yuxuan , Werner Adrian D. , Zhang Chenming 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCoastal aquifers are commonly layered, and thus, a clear understanding of groundwater flow and salt transport in layered coastal aquifers is important for managing fresh groundwater. However, the influence of leakage between adjacent aquifers on flow and transport processes remains largely unknown where the influence of tides is considered. This study used laboratory experiments and numerical simulation to examine the processes of flow and transport within a tidal aquifer‐aquitard system (i.e., an unconfined aquifer underlain by a semi‐confined aquifer, with an intervening thin aquitard). The laboratory‐scale observations of the current study are the first observations of offshore fresh groundwater within a semi‐confined coastal aquifer. The numerical and laboratory results are in close agreement, revealing that upward leakage from the semi‐confined aquifer into the saltwater wedge of the overlying unconfined aquifer caused buoyant instabilities to form. The development of freshwater fingers created complex saltwater‐freshwater mixing, leading to mixed saltwater influx‐efflux patterns across the sloping aquifer‐ocean interface. Compared with non‐tidal conditions, tidal forces reduced the net upward leakage from the semi‐confined aquifer to the overlying unconfined aquifer. This increased the horizontal flow toward the sea, which in turn reduced the extent of the saltwater wedge in the semi‐confined aquifer. The higher rates of both fresh and saline submarine groundwater discharge (SGD), caused by tides, led to lower groundwater ages in the semi‐confined aquifer. These findings have important implications for unveiling the complex characteristics of seawater intrusion, SGD and geochemical hotspots within layered coastal aquifers.
TAK1 inhibition leads to RIPK1-dependent apoptosis in immune-activated cancers
Authors: Damhofer Helene , Tatar Tülin , Southgate Benjamin , Scarneo Scott , Agger Karl , Shlyueva Daria , Uhrbom Lene , Morrison Gillian M. , Hughes Philip F. , Haystead Timothy , Pollard Steven M. , Helin Kristian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPoor survival and lack of treatment response in glioblastoma (GBM) is attributed to the persistence of glioma stem cells (GSCs). To identify novel therapeutic approaches, we performed CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screens and discovered TGFβ activated kinase (TAK1) as a selective survival factor in a significant fraction of GSCs. Loss of TAK1 kinase activity results in RIPK1-dependent apoptosis via Caspase-8/FADD complex activation, dependent on autocrine TNFα ligand production and constitutive TNFR signaling. We identify a transcriptional signature associated with immune activation and the mesenchymal GBM subtype to be a characteristic of cancer cells sensitive to TAK1 perturbation and employ this signature to accurately predict sensitivity to the TAK1 kinase inhibitor HS-276. In addition, exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines IFNγ and TNFα can sensitize resistant GSCs to TAK1 inhibition. Our findings reveal dependency on TAK1 kinase activity as a novel vulnerability in immune-activated cancers, including mesenchymal GBMs that can be exploited therapeutically.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase IIa, clinical study on investigating the efficacy and safety of SPH3127 tablet in patients with essential hypertension
Authors: Wang Fang , Liu Ling , Ruan Hongyun , Chen Xiaoping , Zhang Yue , Yu Zaixin , Li Yuhui , Guan Yang , Wang Jiguang , Huang Kai , Yu Shunjiang , Cao Yuanyuan , Ding Cungang , Chang Lin , Huang Yaohua , Chen Xiangjuan , Lv Qiang , Ma Changsheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAround 70% of patients diagnosed with hypertension exhibit increased levels of renin. SPH3127, an inventive renin inhibitor, has shown favorable tolerability and sustained pharmacodynamic inhibitory impact on plasma renin activity (PRA) during previous phase I trials. This phase II study was conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of SPH3127 in patients with essential hypertension. This study was conducted in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension, utilizing a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design. The patients were administered either tablet of SPH3127 at doses of 50 mg, 100 mg, or 200 mg, or a placebo. A total of 122 patients were included in the study, with 121 patients included in the full analysis set. Among these patients, there were 30 individuals in each subgroup receiving different dosage regimens of SPH3127, and 31 patients in the placebo group. The reductions in mean sitting diastolic blood pressure (msDBP) after 8 weeks compared to baseline were 5.7 ± 9.5, 8.6 ± 8.8, and 3.8 ± 10.6 mmHg in the SPH3127 50-, 100-, and 200 mg groups, respectively. In the placebo group, the reduction was 3.1 ± 8.4 mmHg. The corresponding reductions in mean sitting systolic blood pressure (msSBP) were 11.8 ± 13.0, 13.8 ± 11.2, 11.1 ± 13.1, and 7.7 ± 9.7 mmHg in each respective group. SPH3127 is a promising drug for the treatment of patients with essential hypertension. The recommended dosage is 100 mg daily.Clinical trial registration: This study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03756103).
Malnutrition enteropathy in Zambian and Zimbabwean children with severe acute malnutrition: A multi-arm randomized phase II trial
Authors: Chandwe Kanta , Bwakura-Dangarembizi Mutsa , Amadi Beatrice , Tawodzera Gertrude , Ngosa Deophine , Dzikiti Anesu , Chulu Nivea , Makuyana Robert , Zyambo Kanekwa , Mutasa Kuda , Mulenga Chola , Besa Ellen , Sturgeon Jonathan P. , Mudzingwa Shepherd , Simunyola Bwalya , Kazhila Lydia , Zyambo Masuzyo , Sonkwe Hazel , Mutasa Batsirai , Chipunza Miyoba , Sauramba Virginia , Langhaug Lisa , Mudenda Victor , Murch Simon H. , Hill Susan , Playford Raymond J. , VanBuskirk Kelley , Prendergast Andrew J. , Kelly Paul 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMalnutrition underlies almost half of all child deaths globally. Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) carries unacceptable mortality, particularly if accompanied by infection or medical complications, including enteropathy. We evaluated four interventions for malnutrition enteropathy in a multi-centre phase II multi-arm trial in Zambia and Zimbabwe and completed in 2021. The purpose of this trial was to identify therapies which could be taken forward into phase III trials. Children of either sex were eligible for inclusion if aged 6–59 months and hospitalised with SAM (using WHO definitions: WLZ <−3, and/or MUAC <11.5 cm, and/or bilateral pedal oedema), with written, informed consent from the primary caregiver. We randomised 125 children hospitalised with complicated SAM to 14 days treatment with (i) bovine colostrum (n = 25), (ii) N-acetyl glucosamine (n = 24), (iii) subcutaneous teduglutide (n = 26), (iv) budesonide (n = 25) or (v) standard care only (n = 25). The primary endpoint was a composite of faecal biomarkers (myeloperoxidase, neopterin, α1-antitrypsin). Laboratory assessments, but not treatments, were blinded. Per-protocol analysis used ANCOVA, adjusted for baseline biomarker value, sex, oedema, HIV status, diarrhoea, weight-for-length Z-score, and study site, with pre-specified significance of P < 0.10. Of 143 children screened, 125 were randomised. Teduglutide reduced the primary endpoint of biomarkers of mucosal damage (effect size −0.89 (90% CI: −1.69,−0.10) P = 0.07), while colostrum (−0.58 (−1.4, 0.23) P = 0.24), N-acetyl glucosamine (−0.20 (−1.01, 0.60) P = 0.67), and budesonide (−0.50 (−1.33, 0.33) P = 0.32) had no significant effect. All interventions proved safe. This work suggests that treatment of enteropathy may be beneficial in children with complicated malnutrition. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier NCT03716115.
Data-driven recombination detection in viral genomes
Authors: Alfonsi Tommaso , Bernasconi Anna , Chiara Matteo , Ceri Stefano 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRecombination is a key molecular mechanism for the evolution and adaptation of viruses. The first recombinant SARS-CoV-2 genomes were recognized in 2021; as of today, more than ninety SARS-CoV-2 lineages are designated as recombinant. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, several methods for detecting recombination in SARS-CoV-2 have been proposed; however, none could faithfully confirm manual analyses by experts in the field. We hereby present RecombinHunt, an original data-driven method for the identification of recombinant genomes, capable of recognizing recombinant SARS-CoV-2 genomes (or lineages) with one or two breakpoints with high accuracy and within reduced turn-around times. ReconbinHunt shows high specificity and sensitivity, compares favorably with other state-of-the-art methods, and faithfully confirms manual analyses by experts. RecombinHunt identifies recombinant viral genomes from the recent monkeypox epidemic in high concordance with manually curated analyses by experts, suggesting that our approach is robust and can be applied to any epidemic/pandemic virus.
The DEAD-box ATPase Dbp10/DDX54 initiates peptidyl transferase center formation during 60S ribosome biogenesis
Authors: Cruz Victor E. , Weirich Christine S. , Peddada Nagesh , Erzberger Jan P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDEAD-box ATPases play crucial roles in guiding rRNA restructuring events during the biogenesis of large (60S) ribosomal subunits, but their precise molecular functions are currently unknown. In this study, we present cryo-EM reconstructions of nucleolar pre-60S intermediates that reveal an unexpected, alternate secondary structure within the nascent peptidyl-transferase-center (PTC). Our analysis of three sequential nucleolar pre-60S intermediates reveals that the DEAD-box ATPase Dbp10/DDX54 remodels this alternate base pairing and enables the formation of the rRNA junction that anchors the mature form of the universally conserved PTC A-loop. Post-catalysis, Dbp10 captures rRNA helix H61, initiating the concerted exchange of biogenesis factors during late nucleolar 60S maturation. Our findings show that Dbp10 activity is essential for the formation of the ribosome active site and reveal how this function is integrated with subsequent assembly steps to drive the biogenesis of the large ribosomal subunit.
Intelligent perceptual textiles based on ionic-conductive and strong silk fibers
Authors: Lu Haojie , Zhang Yong , Zhu Mengjia , Li Shuo , Liang Huarun , Bi Peng , Wang Shuai , Wang Haomin , Gan Linli , Wu Xun-En , Zhang Yingying 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEndowing textiles with perceptual function, similar to human skin, is crucial for the development of next-generation smart wearables. To date, the creation of perceptual textiles capable of sensing potential dangers and accurately pinpointing finger touch remains elusive. In this study, we present the design and fabrication of intelligent perceptual textiles capable of electrically responding to external dangers and precisely detecting human touch, based on conductive silk fibroin-based ionic hydrogel (SIH) fibers. These fibers possess excellent fracture strength (55 MPa), extensibility (530%), stable and good conductivity (0.45 S·m–1) due to oriented structures and ionic incorporation. We fabricated SIH fiber-based protective textiles that can respond to fire, water, and sharp objects, protecting robots from potential injuries. Additionally, we designed perceptual textiles that can specifically pinpoint finger touch, serving as convenient human-machine interfaces. Our work sheds new light on the design of next-generation smart wearables and the reshaping of human-machine interfaces.
Discovery of potent inhibitors of α-synuclein aggregation using structure-based iterative learning
Authors: Horne Robert I. , Andrzejewska Ewa A. , Alam Parvez , Brotzakis Z. Faidon , Srivastava Ankit , Aubert Alice , Nowinska Magdalena , Gregory Rebecca C. , Staats Roxine , Possenti Andrea , Chia Sean , Sormanni Pietro , Ghetti Bernardino , Caughey Byron , Knowles Tuomas P. J. , Vendruscolo Michele 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMachine learning methods hold the promise to reduce the costs and the failure rates of conventional drug discovery pipelines. This issue is especially pressing for neurodegenerative diseases, where the development of disease-modifying drugs has been particularly challenging. To address this problem, we describe here a machine learning approach to identify small molecule inhibitors of α-synuclein aggregation, a process implicated in Parkinson’s disease and other synucleinopathies. Because the proliferation of α-synuclein aggregates takes place through autocatalytic secondary nucleation, we aim to identify compounds that bind the catalytic sites on the surface of the aggregates. To achieve this goal, we use structure-based machine learning in an iterative manner to first identify and then progressively optimize secondary nucleation inhibitors. Our results demonstrate that this approach leads to the facile identification of compounds two orders of magnitude more potent than previously reported ones.