bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of the Bilingual Catalan/Spanish Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice
Authors: Calaf Neus , Garcia-Quintana David 
Published: March 2024

Purpose:
This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable bilingual version of the Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V) for the auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice in Catalan and Spanish speakers.

Method:
The development of this CAPE-V adaptation included Delphi methodology with 20 voice and speech experts reaching consensus on the optimal adapted terminology of the perceptual vocal attributes, considering also input from the original instrument authors. The adaptation and validation of vocal tasks followed a sequential validation procedure, with input from phoneticians and speech-language pathologists. Following pilot testing with a large sample of speech-language pathology students, a refined adapted version was empirically tested for validity and reliability. Concurrent validity was assessed by comparing the adapted CAPE-V with the reference Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, Strain scale. Construct validity was assessed through convergent and discriminant validity analysis. Intrarater and interrater reliability were assessed via intraclass correlation coefficient calculations. User experience was evaluated through a questionnaire. Scale properties were validated using a confusion matrix, and cutoff values were calculated to achieve the optimal balance between sensitivity and specificity.

Results:
Through a formalized consensus process, optimal Catalan/Spanish terminology was determined for the perceptual attributes of voice present in the CAPE-V. An adapted protocol of tasks was obtained that preserves the objectives of the original instrument and the relevance of the phonetic criteria in the target languages. The results demonstrated concurrent validity, construct validity, and intrarater reliability. Interrater reliability was found to depend on the extent to which evaluators shared their internal standards. The raters identified CAPE-V as an effective and preferred instrument.

Conclusion:
An adapted, validated version of the CAPE-V is made available to clinical professionals for the evaluation of voice in Catalan and Spanish speakers.
Die COVID-19-Pandemie als Katalysator für telemedizinische Therapieangebote: eine Studie über Kinder und Jugendliche mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 in Deutschland und Österreich
Authors: Klauser Katharina , Ziegler Julian , Augstein Petra , Schmid Stefanie , von Sengbusch Simone , Reschke Felix , Galler Angela , Hofer Sabine E , Schmidt Silke , Sindichakis Marina , Holl Reinhard W. 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDiese Studie untersucht die Anwendung und Effektivität telemedizinischer Angebote für Kinder und Jugendliche mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 zwischen 2018 bis 2022 und den Einfluss der COVID-19-Pandemie. Der Anteil telemedizinischer Kontakte zeigt eine deutliche Korrelation mit dem Verlauf der COVID-19-Pandemie und verbleibt postpandemisch auf höherem Niveau. Jüngere Patient*innen und Anwender*innen von Diabetes-Technologien oder ihre Familien nutzen verstärkt Telemedizin. Nutzer*innen von Telemedizin zeigten eine bessere Stoffwechseleinstellung. Die Mehrheit der telemedizinischen Angebote stammt von Klinikambulanzen, welche aufgrund ihrer Größe und Ressourcen möglicherweise besser dafür ausgestattet sind.
An Unusual Case of Calcific Periarthritis Causing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Its Management with Ultrasound-Guided Barbotage
Authors: Ariyaratne Sisith , Babhulkar Joban , Babhulkar Ashish , Iyengar Karthikeyan P. , Botchu Rajesh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHydroxyapatite crystal deposition disease (HADD) is a common disorder resulting from the deposition of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals in various soft tissues, typically in periarticular distribution, including tendons, tendon sheaths, joint capsules, ligaments, bursae, periarticular soft tissues, and occasionally within the joints. The more commonly known subtypes of HADD are calcific tendinopathy and calcific periarthritis. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) can be rarely caused by calcific deposits within the carpal tunnel in the setting of HADD-related calcific periarthritis. Imaging, particularly ultrasound and radiographs, is crucial in distinguishing this entity from the conventional form of CTS that tends to be idiopathic. We describe a rare presentation of CTS secondary to calcific periarthritis in a 45-year-old patient, with imaging demonstrating mass-like calcification within the carpal tunnel, with typical features of those seen with HADD. The patient was treated with ultrasound-guided barbotage, with significant clinical improvement. The case highlights a lesser-known cause of CTS as well as a presentation of HADD, and the role of ultrasound-guided barbotage, a minimally invasive procedure, as a viable first-line management option as an alternative to surgery.
Design and analysis of a microgripper for trans-scale clamping based on a compliant multistable mechanism
Authors: Hu Luqing , Wang Hongxi , Wang Guanwei , Liang Wenhong 
Published: March 2024

Piezoelectric actuators commonly used in microgrippers have a small stroke, and their accuracy is reduced by the transmission amplification unit, which leads to a contradiction between the clamping range and the clamping accuracy in existing piezoelectric-actuated microgrippers. This paper proposes a design scheme to divide the total clamping range of the microgripper into segments based on the compliant multistable mechanism (CMM). First, by using the stable equilibrium positions of the CMM, the total clamping range of the microgripper is divided into multiple smaller clamping sub-intervals to accommodate objects of different scales. Then, the theoretical models of the displacement amplification ratio of the microgripper amplification mechanism and the stiffness of the microgripper in different clamping sub-intervals are established, and the force-displacement characteristics of the CMM are analyzed. Next, through finite element simulation, the correctness of the theoretical analyses is verified, and it is shown that objects between 0 µm and 1.650 mm can be clamped using four clamping sub-intervals under a five times displacement amplification ratio. Finally, a microgripper of the CMM consisting of two three-segment fully compliant bistable mechanisms connected in series is designed and machined, and microgripper segmented clamping experiments are conducted. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the design scheme proposed in this paper.
Numerical simulation of a positive streamer discharge in a combined gap based on aircraft lightning zoning test
Authors: Sun Guoqing , Zhao Zhihang , Duan Zemin 
Published: March 2024

The research involves conducting high voltage tests to determine lightning attachment locations on an aircraft model and constructing a streamer discharge simulation model in a 20 cm combined gap. The investigation focuses on the air streamer discharge of a non-uniform electric field in the combined gap through experiments and numerical simulation. The results reveal that the discharge process in the electrode-aircraft model gap closely aligns with the final jump stage of natural lightning. Notably, the surface charge density on the aircraft model exhibits a negative correlation with the radius of curvature. Due to the enhanced electric field strength, the aircraft model tips with bigger curvatures have a greater likelihood of initiating streamer discharge. Once the streamer bridges the electrode-aircraft model gap, the accumulation of space charge results in the aircraft’s surface charge reaching an order of magnitude higher than the initial induced charge.
Real-time feedback control of β

p
based on deep reinforcement learning on EAST
Authors: Zhang Y C , Wang S , Yuan Q P , Xiao B J , Huang Y 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Recently, with the advancement of the AI field, reinforcement learning (RL) has increasingly been applied to plasma control on tokamak devices. However, possibly due to the generally high training costs of reinforcement learning based on first-principle physical models and the uncertainty in ensuring simulation results align perfectly with tokamak experiments, feedback control experiments using reinforcement learning specifically for plasma kinetic parameters on tokamaks remain scarce. To address this challenge, this work proposes a novel design scheme including the development of a low computational cost environment. This environment is derived from EAST modulation experiments data through system identification. To tackle issues of noise and actuator limitations encountered in experiments, data preprocessing methods were employed. During training, the agent collected data across multiple plasma scenarios to update its strategy, and the performance of the RL controller was fine-tuned by adjusting the weight of the integral term of the error in the reward function. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed design were then validated in a simulated environment. Finally, the scheme was successfully implemented on EAST, effectively tracking the β

p
target with lower hybrid wave (LHW) at 4.6 GHz as the actuator, and providing reference for implementing feedback control based on reinforcement learning in tokamaks.
Research on the mechanism and control methods of mechanical drift in linear ultrasonic motors
Authors: Li Xinjian , Yao Zhiyuan , Xu Hao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Linear ultrasonic motors (LUMs) have advantages such as de-energized self-locking and micro-nano displacement resolution. However, their positioning and control accuracy are negatively affected by mechanical drift, which limits their application in ultra-precision fields. To date, the quantitative mechanism of LUM mechanical drift under power-off conditions remains unreported. To solve the problem, we employ the creep theory to identify the clamp stiffness parameters and consider the internal friction and stick-slip effects of the slider, thereby establishing a non-autonomous dynamic model of the LUM mechanical drift in the power-off state. Subsequently, we utilize this model to investigate how the LUM’s structural parameters influence mechanical drift and explore methods to mitigate this undesirable phenomenon. Finally, we validate the model’s validity through experimental research. Our findings reveal that structural creep is the primary cause of mechanical drift in LUMs. Increasing the tangential stiffness of the clamp component and slider internal friction proves to be an effective approach to reducing mechanical drift. This study holds substantial theoretical and practical significance as it deepens understanding of the mechanisms of mechanical drift in LUMs and offers a pathway to achieve effective mechanical drift control.
Continuous-variable quantum key distribution over multispan links employing phase-insensitive and phase-sensitive amplifiers
Authors: Notarnicola M N , Cieciuch F , Jarzyna M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Transmission losses through optical fibers are one of the main obstacles preventing both long-distance quantum communications and continuous-variable quantum key distribution. Optical amplification provides a tool to obtain, at least partially, signal restoration. In this work, we address a key distribution protocol over a multi-span link employing either phase-insensitive (PIA) or phase-sensitive (PSA) amplifiers, considering Gaussian modulation of coherent states followed by homodyne detection at the receiver’s side. We perform the security analysis under both unconditional and conditional security frameworks by assuming in the latter case only a single span of the whole communication link to be untrusted. We compare the resulting key generation rate (KGR) for both kinds of amplified links with the no-amplifier protocol, identifying the enhancement introduced by optical amplification. We prove an increase in the KGR for the PSA link in the unconditional scenario and for both PSA and PIA in the conditional security setting depending on position of the attack and the measured quadrature.
Escape probability for isotropic emitters near Kerr black hole with astrometric
Authors: Han Yu-Xuan , Zhu Qing-Hua , Huang Qing-Guo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The paper investigates the escape probability for isotropic emitters near a Kerr black hole. We propose a new approach to obtain the escape probability in a general manner, going beyond previous case-by-case studies. This approach is based on studies of the black hole shadow with astrometric observable and can be applied to emitters with an arbitrary 4-velocities and locations, even to the emitters outside of the equatorial plane. We also consider representative examples illustrating how escape probabilities vary with distance, velocity, and inclination angle. Overall, this new approach provides an effective method for studying escape probabilities near Kerr black holes.
The Bright Single Pulse Emission from PSR B1133+16
Authors: Tan Jun , Wen Zhi-Gang , Wang Zhen , Duan Xue-Feng , Wang Hong-Guang , Wang Na , Gajjar Vishal , Yuan Jian-Ping , Yuen Rai , Yan Wen-Ming , Chen Jian-Ling , Han Wei , Wang Hui , Lyu Cheng-Bing , Dong Ai-Jun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We have conducted a comprehensive investigation into the bright single pulse emission from PSR B1133+16 using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. High time resolution data (61 μs) were obtained at a center frequency of 322 MHz with a bandwidth of 32 MHz over a continuous observation period of 7.45 hr. A total of 1082 bright pulses were sporadically detected with peak flux densities ranging from 10 to 23 times stronger than the average pulse profile. However, no giant pulse-like emission with a relative pulse energy larger than 10 and extremely short duration was detected, indicating that these bright pulses cannot be categorized as giant pulse emission. The majority of these bright pulses are concentrated in pulse phases at both the leading and trailing windows of the average pulse profile, with an occurrence ratio of approximately 2.74. The pulse energy distribution for all individual pulses can be described by a combination of two Gaussian components and a cutoff power-law with an index of α = − 3.2. An updated nulling fraction of 15.35% ± 0.45% was determined from the energy distribution. The emission of individual pulses follows a log-normal distribution in peak flux density ratio. It is imperative that regular phase drifting in bright pulse sequence is identified in both the leading and trailing components for the first time. Possible physical mechanisms are discussed in detail to provide insights into these observations.
Using power system modelling outputs to identify weather-induced extreme events in highly renewable systems
Authors: Grochowicz Aleksander , van Greevenbroek Koen , Bloomfield Hannah C 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In highly renewable power systems the increased weather dependence can result in new resilience challenges, such as renewable energy droughts, or a lack of sufficient renewable generation at times of high demand. The weather conditions responsible for these challenges have been well-studied in the literature. However, in reality multi-day resilience challenges are triggered by complex interactions between high demand, low renewable availability, electricity transmission constraints and storage dynamics. We show these challenges cannot be rigorously understood from an exclusively power systems, or meteorological, perspective. We propose a new method that uses electricity shadow prices—obtained by a European power system model based on 40 years of reanalysis data—to identify the most difficult periods driving system investments. Such difficult periods are driven by large-scale weather conditions such as low wind and cold temperature periods of various lengths associated with stationary high pressure over Europe. However, purely meteorological approaches fail to identify which events lead to the largest system stress over the multi-decadal study period due to the influence of subtle transmission bottlenecks and storage issues across multiple regions. These extreme events also do not relate strongly to traditional weather patterns (such as Euro-Atlantic weather regimes or the North Atlantic Oscillation index). We therefore compile a new set of weather patterns to define energy system stress events which include the impacts of electricity storage and large-scale interconnection. Without interdisciplinary studies combining state-of-the-art energy meteorology and modelling, further strive for adequate renewable power systems will be hampered.
A multi-method assessment of the regional sensitivities between flight altitude and short-term O3 climate warming from aircraft NO
x
emissions
Authors: Maruhashi Jin , Mertens Mariano , Grewe Volker , Dedoussi Irene C 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Flight altitude is relevant to the climate effects resulting from aircraft emissions. Other research has shown that flying higher within the troposphere leads to larger warming from O3 production. Aircraft NO
x
emissions are of particular interest, as they lead to warming via the short-term production of O3, but also to reduced warming via processes like CH4 depletion. We focus on short-term O3 production, as it constitutes one of aviation’s largest warming components. Understanding how O3 formation varies altitudinally throughout the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere is essential for designing climate-compatible aircraft and routing. We quantify this variation by performing simulations with a global atmospheric chemistry model for three representative cruise altitudes, five regions and two seasons using three methods: Eulerian tagging, perturbation and Lagrangian tagging. This multi-method, regional approach overcomes limitations of previous studies that utilize only one of these methods and apply global emission inventories biased towards present-day flight distributions, thus limiting their applicability to future aviation scenarios. Our results highlight that underrepresenting emissions in areas with growing flight activity (e.g. Asia Pacific) may lead to significant, regional underestimations of the altitudinal sensitivity of short-term NO
x
-related O3 warming effects in certain cases. We find that emitting in Southern regions, like Australasia, leads to warming larger by a factor of two when compared to global averages. Our findings also suggest that flying lower translates to lower warming from short-term O3 production and that this effect is strongest during the local summer. We estimate differences ranging from a factor of 1.2–2.6 between tagging and perturbation results that are attributable to non-linearities of NO
x
-O3 chemistry, and derived regional correction factors for a widely-used sub-model. Overall, we stress that a combination of all three methods is necessary for a robust assessment of aviation climate effects as they address fundamentally different questions.
Climate change impacts increase economic inequality: evidence from a systematic literature review
Authors: Méjean Aurélie , Collins-Sowah Peron , Guivarch Céline , Piontek Franziska , Soergel Bjoern , Taconet Nicolas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
While it is widely assumed that poor countries will suffer more from climate change, and that climate change will exacerbate inequalities within countries, systematic and large-scale evidence on this issue has been limited. In this systematic literature review, we examine and synthesize the evidence from the literature. Drawing from 127 individual papers, we find robust evidence that climate change impacts indeed increase economic inequality and disproportionately affect the poor, both globally and within countries on all continents. This result is valid across a wide range of physical impacts, types of economic inequality, economic sectors, and assessment methods. Furthermore, we highlight the channels through which climate change increases economic inequality. While the diversity of different approaches and metrics in the existing literature base precludes extracting a universal quantitative relation between climate change and economic inequality for use in future modelling, our systematic analysis provides an important stepping stone in that direction.
The layer-by-layer assembled ERGO+/ERGO− multilayer modified electrode for sensitive detection of dopamine
Authors: Lin Xiangde , Mo Yanhong , Dai Yuhang , Yan Yuzhong , Zeng Dongdong , Yang Hui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Graphene materials represented by graphene oxide (GO) have been widely regarded as functional coatings or films to modify surface of the electrode for detecting dopamine molecules. However, interfacial material properties for detection sensitivity, film stability, and applicability to electrodes are still highly desired. Herein, we first present a screen-printing carbon electrode (SPCE) coated with an electrochemically reduced layer-by-layer (LbL) assembled multilayer driven by an electrostatic interaction between positively charged polyethyleneimine-modified GO with amine groups (ERGO+) and negatively charged carboxyl-functionalized GO (ERGO−), which is briefly described as (ERGO+/ERGO−)n/SPCE. Firstly, without using conventional glassy carbon and gold electrodes, SPCE was tried to make coatings adapt to more flexible and unstable electrodes, simultaneously guaranteeing higher detection performance. Secondly, although a variety of electrochemical sensors such as GO−/SPCE and ERGO−/SPCE were obtained through the drop-casting technique, as-prepared (ERGO+/ERGO−)n/SPCE showed much higher electrocatalytic activities with enhanced peak current signals and reduced charge transfer resistance. Finally, excellent electrochemical properties and sensing performances of the (ERGO+/ERGO−)n/SPCE sensor for detection of dopamine were demonstrated, especially having a linear range of 1 μM to 1000 μM. Meanwhile, the detection limit is as low as 0.39 μM and S/N is equal to 3. The present work offers a potential direction to develop GO modified electrodes for sensitive biomolecular detection.
Experimental study and finite element modelling of pure copper tube fabrication via the Parallel Tubular Channel Angular Pressing (PTCAP) Process
Authors: Gadallah Elshafey Ahmed , El-Fahhar Hossam Hemdan , Ahmed Mohamed M Z , El-Sayed Seleman Mohamed M , Alzahrani Bandar , Alamry Ali , El-Aty Ali Abd , El-Shrief Eman 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Parallel Tubular Channel Angular Pressing Process (PTCAP) has emerged as a promising method for refining the grain structure and enhancing the mechanical properties of metallic materials through severe plastic deformation. This study focuses on a comprehensive investigation of the PTCAP process, combining experimental and numerical analysis to gain insights into its underlying mechanisms. Experimental investigations involve processing a commercially pure copper tube using PTCAP under controlled conditions. In parallel, an explicit numerical analysis is developed using ABAQUS software to simulate the deformation behavior during PTCAP. The model incorporates material constitutive equations and accounts to describe the material response under high strain rates and large deformations. The research aims to investigate how multi-pass PTCAP affects hardness, strain homogeneity, and stress distribution. A comparison between the load punch from the experimental and FEM is conducted to validate the FEM results, and there is a good correlation between both. Hardness measurements are conducted at various stages to quantify the changes in material hardness resulting from the successive PTCAP passes. The hardness of the Cu tube increased by 63.45, 94.51, 103.98, and 105.64% after 1 to 4 passes, respectively.