bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Right to Vote for People Who Experience Mental/Memory Disorders in Elections Post Constitutional Court Ruling No.135/PUU-XIII/2015
Authors: Shobahah Nurush 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT:
MK Decision No.135/PUU-XIII/2015 stipulates that to declare that a voter with mental/memory disorders does not meet the requirements, they must use a mental illness certificate from a doctor. Voters with cognitive/memory disorders who do not have a medical certificate from a doctor will still be recorded in the Permanent Voter List or DPT data collection. Problems arise about how to update the data. What problems arise? Are there voters with mental/memory disorders exercising their right to vote? In reality, many voters with cognitive/memory disorders do not have a cognitive/memory disorder certificate from a doctor. Election organizers responded by continuing to register and include them in the DPT regardless of whether they could exercise their right to vote. The reason is that election organizers avoid the potential for criminal acts to eliminate someone's right to vote. Due to this situation, researchers feel that there is a need to update and reconstruct the voter list updating system for voters with mental/memory disorders. The system used is the Civil Registry, so the government bears data availability for updating. This research is included in socio-legal research with two approaches: the statutory approach and the case approach. The study was conducted in Tulungagung Regency.
Keywords: Election, Voters with Mental/Memory Disorders, DPT
Pungutan Liar oleh Aparatur Sipi Negara di Desa Sidokepung Buduran Sidoarjo Menurut Undang-undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2001
Authors: Wijaya Arif 
Published: April 2024

Pungutan liar (pungli) berupa uang sogokan atau uang siluman atau uang suap ini adalah tindak pidana yang sudah jelas telah diatur di dalam ketentuan Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana antara lain tercantum dalam Ps.209, Ps. 210, Ps.418, Ps 419 dan Ps. 420 KUHP. yang dimasukkan menjadi delik korupsi menurut Ps. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, dan Ps. 12 dari butir a sampai dengan UU. No.20 tahun 2001, yang merubah UU.Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi No.31 Tahun 1999, dengan formulasi sanksi yang lebih diperberat (gequalificeerd). Psl. 5 Undang-undang No.31 Thun 1999 jo UU No.20 Tahun 2001 isinya sebagai berikut:
â€œSetiap orang melakukan tindak pidana sebagaimana di maksud dalam Pasal 209 KUHP. dipidana dengan pidana penjara paling singkat 1 satu) tahun dan paling lama 5 (lima) tahun dan atau denda paling sedikit Rp.50.000.000,= (lima puluh juta rupiah) dan paling banyak denda Rp.250.000.000,- (dua ratus lima puluh juta rupiah)â€.
Supremasi Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak di Indonesia
Authors: Ulum Miftahul , Hefni Wildani 
Published: April 2024

The criminal justice system of Juvenile has not have an obvious regulation yet. It neither formulated the legal criminal action of material. The legal formal in Juvenile Criminal Justice System has been interdependently it doubts the certainty of law as well. It does not have an equal perception of paradigm among the legal officers. The judges just consider the civil law system instead of the substantial justice for juveniles. The juvenile justice system in Indonesia does not yet have a clear legal substance, the juvenile justice law and the juvenile justice system do not formulate clear materials, the statutory law in the juvenile justice process still requires interdependence and obscures the value of legal certainty. There has not been a strong perception and equality of paradigms in the circles of legal freedom (Investigators, Public Prosecutors, Judges, Avocados and Implementers of Criminal Decisions in Children's Prison) in the discussion of correct child law. The lack of infrastructure in the juvenile justice process is also a legal problem. Enforcement of juvenile justice is still shackled by the debate on the civil law system which is more oriented to legal certainty over the value of substantive justice. The justice paradigm is still highlighted in the normative juridical aspects of the sociological juridical. The Integrated Criminal Justice System is not going well. Infra structure of children which is still not feasible. There is no clear philosophical foundation in the juvenile justice process.
Menakar Urgensi Pelibatan Tentara Nasional Indonesia (TNI) dalam Penegakan Kasus Terorisme
Authors: Handoko Priyo 
Published: April 2024

This research aims to determine whether the Indonesian National Army can be involved in handling criminal acts of terrorism and when and to what extent the authority of the Indonesian National Army in handling criminal acts of terrorism. In order to answer these two problem formulations, the author divides it into two sub-chapters namely, First, TNI Anachronism in the Development of the Indonesian Legal System and Second, Implications of TNI Involvement in Law Enforcement in Terrorism Cases. The research method used in this study is normative juridical (normative legal research), through a statutory approach and a case approach, the author tries to provide a study based on relevant legislation and potential practice in the field. The results of the study said that the involvement of the TNI in a terrorism crime case had to meet at least three main requirements, namely (1) it must be based on the president's political decision together with the DPR. (2) there is a threat to the territorial integrity and sovereignty. (3) when the other components of the institution are unable to cope with criminal acts of terrorism. In order to safeguard the human rights values ??of the TNI, it must be positioned as the last resort, temporary and be given a clear proportional burden so as not to end up using the TNI force in a sustainable manner and to forget the main task of the TNI as the main tool of the state in maintaining security and defense.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah Tentara Nasional Indonesia dapat terlibat dalam penanganan tindak pidana terorisme dan kapan serta sejauhmana kewenangan Tentara Nasional Indonesia dalam penanganan tindak pidana terorisme. Guna menjawab dua rumusan masalah tersebut, penulis membagai menjadi dua sub bab yaitu, Pertama, Anakronisme TNI dalam Perkembangan Sistem Hukum Indonesia dan Kedua, Implikasi Pelibatan TNI Dalam Penegakan Hukum Dalam Kasus Terorisme. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah yuridis normatif (normative legal research), melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan kasus (case approach) penulis mencoba memberikan telaah berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan terkait dan potensi praktik dilapangan. Hasil penelitian mengatakan bahwa, pelibatan TNI dalam kasus tindak pidana terorisme setidaknya harus memenuhi tiga persyaratan utama, yakni (1) harus berdasarkan keputusan politik presiden bersama-sama dengan DPR. (2) adanya ancaman akan keutuhan dan kedaulatan wilayah territorial. (3) ketika komponen lembaga yang lain tidak mampu menanggulangi tindak pidana terorisme. Guna menjaga nilai-nilai hak asasi manusia TNI harus diposisikan sebagai upaya terakhir (the last resort), bersifat sementara dan diberikan beban proporsional yang jelas agar tidak berujung penggunaan kekuatan TNI secara berkelanjutan serta melupakan tugas utama TNI sebagai alat utama negara dalam menjaga keamanan dan pertahanan.
Pemberatan Pidana terdahap Residivis dalam Pandangan Hukum Pidana Islam
Authors: Azhar Hanif 
Published: April 2024

In criminal law theory the term repetition of a criminal act (recidive) is known. In the Criminal Code of Indonesia, recidive is a reason to increase the punishment for criminal offenders, in addition to the criminal act, the position as a civil servant and the crime of using a state flag. The concept of criminal prosecution is inseparable from the purpose of punishment itself, in general. However, the regulation in the Criminal Code of Indonesia is considered to be too complicated to make improvements. Unfortunately the Criminal Code Bill is still in the process of maturation and certainly has not been promulgated. The concept of punishment is also known in Islamic criminal law as ‘aud. This paper aims to compare the recidive concept and the ‘aud. From this study, it was concluded that first, from the aspect of equality in principle, both of them have more or less the same principles, namely: (1) the perpetrators of criminal acts must be punished based on a court decision that has permanent legal force, (2) if the criminal offender repeats the criminal act then the sentence against it can be aggravated. Second, from the aspect of the difference, for criminal offenders who have become "accustomed" to committing crimes, there is no longer a feeling of guilt when committing crimes, according to Islamic Criminal Law, perpetrators must be eliminated from people's lives with two punishment options: death sentence or imprisonment lifetime. While in positive criminal law, the provisions that apply are not always the case. However, because the principle of punishment for the ‘aud basically uses the principle of Jarimah Ta’zir, then Ulil Amri can regulate differently, according to the principle of the goal of punishment itself.

Abstrak: Pengulangan tindak pidana atau recidive dalam KUHP merupakan alasan untuk memperberat hukuman bagi pelaku tindak pidana. Namun dalam pengaturannya di dalam KUHP dianggap terlalu rumit hingga perlu diadakan penyempurnaan, sedangkan R-KUHP masih terus dalam proses pematangan. Konsep pemberatan hukuman ini juga dikenal dalam hukum pidana islam dengan istilah ‘aud. Tulisan ini bertujuan membandingkan antara konsep recidive dan ‘aud tersebut. Kesimpulan dari tulisan ini adalah bahwa pertama, dari aspek persamaan, keduanya memiliki prinsip yang hamper sama, yaitu: (1) pelaku tindak pidana harus dihukum berdasarkan putusan pengadilan, (2) apabila pelaku tindak pidana mengulangi perbuatannya maka hukumannya dapat diperberat. Kedua, dari aspek perbedaannya, untuk pelaku tindak pidana yang “telah menjadi terbiasa” berbuat pidana, menurut Hukum Pidana Islam, pelaku harus dieliminasi dari kehidupan masyarakat dengan dua opsi hukuman: hukuman mati atau penjara seumur hidup. Sedangkan dalam hukum pidana positif, ketentuan yang diberlakukan tidak selalu demikian. Namun demikian, karena prinsip pemidanaan atas ‘aud menggunakan prinsip jarimah ta’zir, maka ulil amri dapat mengatur berbeda sesuai dengan prinsip dari tujuan pemidanaan itu sendiri.
Tindak Pidana Korupsi oleh Korporasi dalam Prespektik Hukum Pidana Islam
Authors: Nasrudin Ahmad 
Published: April 2024

In the Indonesian legal system, legal subjects are divided into two, namely human (person) and legal entity (rechtperson), commonly known as corporations. In its development many corporations contribute to the development of a country, which of course makes it has a strategic position. And this is directly proportional to the potential for crime to occur. One of them is corruption. This paper aims to examine comprehensively about corruption by Corporate Crime from the perspective of Islamic Criminal Law. At the end of the paper, it was concluded that the responsibility and criminalization of Corporate Crime in Article 20 of RI Law No. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes is that corporations as legal entities are also subject to criminal acts. Whereas in the review of Islamic law regarding the responsibility of criminal punishment Corporate Crime that corporate crime is included in the category of rahmah ta'zir, the level of which is submitted to the policy of the judge concerned. For those who must be responsible for corruption in the corporation are those authorized and as policy makers, according to the level of "whether participating directly in corruption" or "whether only participated in doing but not directly".

Abstrak: Dalam sistem hukum Indonesia, subjek hukum terbagi menjadi dua, yaitu manusia (person) dan badan hukum (rechtperson), yang biasa dikenal dengan korporasi. Dalam perkembangannya korporasi banyak memberikan kontribusi perkembangan suatu negara, yang tentunya menjadikannya mempunyai posisi yang strategis. Dan ini berbanding lurus dengan potensi timbulnya kejahatan yang dilakukannya. Salah satunya korupsi. Tulisan ini bertujuan untukmengkaji secara komperhensif menyangkut korupsi oleh Corporate Crime dari perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam. Di akhir tulisan disimpulkan bahwa pertanggungjawaban dan pemidanaan Corporate Crime dalam Pasal 20 UU RI No 31 Tahun 1999 tentang pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi adalah korporasi sebagai badan hukum juga dikenai tindak pidana. Sedangkan dalam tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap pertanggungjawaban pemidanaan Corporate Crime bahwa corporate crime adalah termasuk dalam kategori jarimah ta’zir, yang kadarnya diserahkan kepada kebijakan hakim yang bersangkutan untuk yang harus bertanggungjawab terhadap korupsi dalam korporasi adalah mereka yang berwenang dan sebagai pengambil kebijakan, sesuai kadar ”apakah turut serta langsung melakukan korupsi” atau ”apakah hanya turut berbuat tapi tidak langsung”.
Pola Praktik Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Anak di Lamongan Dalam Perspektif Restorative Justice
Authors: Anshori Anshori 
Published: April 2024

Protection of children is a constitutional obligation and for children is a constitutional right. In the context of children as national assets, protection for them is a necessity for the State. Then the incident of children in conflict with the law is also the scope of children who must be protected by the State, and in handling it, is it the same as adults who commit criminal acts. On the basis of this premise, research under the above title was conducted. Then this research is intended to portray legal practice, its relevance to the concept of justice restoration which has actually been adopted by the Child Protection Law with the terminology of diversion.
In this study using the normative juridical method and collaborating with a sociological approach, then in the normative approach method, preceded by an inventory of positive laws governing child protection in the criminal justice system, then studying legal principles, in concreto legal discovery and the level of vertical synchronization. and horizontal. Then the sociological juridical approach is used to determine the implementation of child protection in the practice of the criminal justice system, where there are social aspects that influence the operation of law in society (law in action).
The result of this research is to try to portray the concept of justice restoration as a model for solving children who are dealing with the law, with the reality of the law in its enforcement.
Relevansi Pemikiran Ibnu Qayyim al-Jauziyah tentang Peranan Keyakinan Hakim dengan Sistem Pembuktian dalam Hukum Acara Pidana di Indonesia
Authors: Ilmiyah Nailul 
Published: April 2024

The paper aims to expose the relevance of Ibn Qayyim al Jauziyah's thoughts in the role of judges' conviction with the evidence in the criminal procedural law system in Indonesia. The result shows that the function of the judge's conviction is considered a base or a consideration in deciding cases, in the sense that the belief is the act of the judge accompanying the emergence of evidence presented before the court. Ibn Qayyim al-Jauziyah argues that a judge's conviction is related to the broad knowledge of the law and the skill in reading the signs that arise in the case, it also considered a basic guideline for judges in deciding cases, in addition to legal provisions. The relevance of Ibn Qayyim al-Jauziyah's thoughts in criminal procedural law in Indonesia regarding the role of judges' belief is that both (according to Ibnu Qayyim and criminal procedural law in Indonesia) both emphasize that the conviction of judges has a very critical role in deciding cases.
Penyelesaian Sengketa Tanah Melalui Non Litigasi di Dinas Pertahanan Kab. Aceh Tenggara Pasca Perpres No. 23 Tahun 2015
Authors: Salam Fadil Muhammad , Khalid Khalid 
Published: April 2024

Permasalahan pada penelitian di dinas pertanahan Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara ini mengenai sengketa tanah melalui non litigasi pasca perpres nomor 23 tahun 2015. Kajian pustaka yang bersifat pendekatan deskriptif analitis serta penelitian hukum yuridis empiris merupakan metode-metode yang digunakan dan merupakan bagian dari jenis penelitian. Adapun hasil dari kegiatan penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukan dasar hukum serta adanya wewenang dari dinas bidang pertanahan Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara selama menyelesaikan persengketaan tanah dengan memberikan fasilitas untuk penyelesaian konflik pertanahan dan sengketa, melakukan advokasi hukum, melakukan kerjasama pada lembaga pertanahan kabupaten/kota, dan menjalankan amanah untuk tugas kedinasan yang diberikan kepala dinas. Kantor dinas pertanahan Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara dalam pelaksanaan penyelesaian sengketa tanah maka menggunakan mekanisme seperti pengaduan kepada kantor dinas pertanahan Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara, mengidentifikasi tanah sengketa berupa data dan konflik yang ada di Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara, pihak yang bersengketa dipanggil, kemudian mediasi yang dilaksanakan dinas pertanahan dalam upaya mencari kesepakatan bersama.
Fenomena Preman Berkelompok di Indonesia (Bentuk Praktik Hirabah dalam Hukum Islam)
Authors: Munthe Abdul Karim , Hanifa Virzana Mutiara , Hamadi Ibrahim Ghifar , Nurfaiza Chintia Azahra 
Published: April 2024

Preman berkelompok di Indonesia membahayakan karena seringkali memiliki suatu hierarki kepemimpinan dan pengaruh atas suatu wilayah. Ada yang sifatnya terorganisir dengan suatu pengaruh politis di teritori tertentu. Hal ini membuat mereka lebih mudah melakukan kejahatan bermotif keuntungan ekonomi. Secara terang-terangan mereka dapat melakukan kejahatan seperti memeras, merampok, dan menggelapkan. Untuk menjelaskan kompleksitas kejahatan premanisme, dapat digunakan doktrin kejahatan terorganisir. Doktrin ini dapat menjadi pisau analisis untuk membongkar kompleksitas kejahatan ini. Maka, secara hukum, penyertaan dan pertanggungjawaban pidana untuk anggota kelompok preman dapat diinvestigasi lebih lanjut. Dalam pidana Islam, jarimah hirābah dapat digunakan untuk preman. Menurut para fukaha, hirābah sering dijabarkan sebagai bandit/begal, namun secara esensi hirābah bermakna gangguan keamanan masyarakat, yang merupakan deskripsi tepat untuk beberapa jenis preman. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode doktrinal dan kaidah ushul fiqh untuk menemukan kesamaan unsur kejahatan premanisme berkelompok dengan hirābah . Kejahatannya yang berkelompok, menimbulkan kekacauan dan ketakutan, dan mengandung unsur politik. Untuk itu, perlu adanya pengadopsian model pertanggungjawaban dan pemidanaan yang telah dirumuskan dalam hukum Islam.
Nutraceutical and antioxidant potential of selected wild edible plants from the cold-arid desert of Ladakh, India
Authors: BATOOL Zohra , LONE Javaid F. , SINGH Kanwaljeet , GAIROLA Sumeet 
Published: April 2024

Ladakh’s wild edible plant species (WEPs) provide a vital source of food, nutrition, and medicine to the region’s indigenous populations. However, WEPs’ nutritional and antioxidant properties are missing in the region. The current study examined the nutritional values, total phenolic, total flavonoid, and antioxidant capabilities of 11 WEPs from the cold-arid region of Ladakh, India. Lactucata tatarica had the greatest carbohydrate content (36.48 ± 0.15 mg g-1Dw) among 11 wild edible plant species. Malva verticillata had a greater glucose concentration (292.74 ± 0.01 ng g-1Dw), and Urtica hyperborea had higher protein and vitamin C levels (38.07 ± 2.44 and 49.95 ± 1.18 mg g-1Dw, respectively). The plant samples collected were also shown to have high total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant capabilities. Our findings revealed that these species should be promoted as a natural source of nutraceuticals, with the potential to supplement the diets of locals. To boost food availability in a location noted for its intense weather conditions and short vegetative period, an agroforestry system that promotes sustainable use and increases the output of these species is critical.
Insight into possible therapeutic applications of Ephedra transitoria: in-vitro biological, toxicological activities and GC-MS analysis of aerial parts’ extract
Authors: YOUNES Kareem M. , ALHEIBSHY Fawaz , ALRASHIEDI Amal M. , ALWHADANI Lamya A. , ALSHAMMARI Shomokh M. , ALSHAMMARI Asmaa S. , ALBALAWI Manawy K. , ALMUTIRI Turki A. , ALJOHANI Ghazi 
Published: April 2024

Most Arab nations have arid regions where Ephedra transitoria, a plant, flourishes. It has a variety of medical benefits. It belongs to the Ephedraceae family. The plant's aerial portions were procured from the Hail region of Saudi Arabia, methanol was used to extract bioactive phytochemicals with variable solubility in an efficient manner, and the resulting extract was tested on several cancer cell lines. The extract's cytotoxic potential was measured by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay method against standard vinblastine sulfate and for each cell line, the pertinent half maximal inhibitory concentration values were calculated. Additional apoptosis assays were conducted. Also, the antioxidant activity of plant extract was examined using 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and [2, 2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)] methods compared to ascorbic acid standard. Also, antimicrobial effect of extract was evaluated on different gram positive and gram-negative bacteria by zone inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration assay methods. GC-MS analysis was further applied to identify major bioactive substances. Extract showed good cytotoxic activity against both lung and liver cancer cells with relevant half maximal inhibitory concentration values comparable to those of standard. Extract resulted in S-phase arrest, primarily via inducing apoptosis mediated through activating caspase-3, Bax, and p53 proteins. Plant extract showed good antibacterial activities against S. aureus, E. coli and B. subtilis. Also, it showed high antioxidant activity with relevant half maximal inhibitory concentration values comparable to those of standard. Some bioactive compounds were separated and identified by GC-MS analysis such as; ephedrine and quercetin. ephedra transitoria extract possess high cytotoxic activity against lung and liver cancer cells via S-phase arrest mediated by activation of apoptotic proteins. It also possesses high antioxidant and antibacterial activities.