bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluconazole resistance in candida isolates from vaginal discharge in women attending an Apex Regional Sexually Transmitted Infections Center
Authors: Panda Pragyan Swagatika , Muralidhar Sumathi , Lachyan Abhishek , Khan Nilofar , Rajan Santhosh , Kumar Shilpee , Khunger Niti 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Globally, vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common infection in women. Candida
albicans is the most common agent. There is an increasing prevalence of non-albicans Candida (NAC) species, mostly in vulnerable populations, responding poorly to fluconazole, the drug of choice for VVC. It leads to treatment failure, especially in clinical isolates with intrinsic fluconazole resistance; hence, appropriate identification and antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) are of paramount importance to ensure better clinical outcomes.

Aims and Objective:
The aim of this study was to identify different Candida species isolated from women with VVC and to evaluate their antifungal drug susceptibility pattern. A retrospective observational study including a total of 286 isolates of Candida spp. isolated from 729 women with vaginal discharge attending the Outpatient Department of an Apex Regional Sexually Transmitted Infections Center in North India over 1 year (June 2022–May 2023) was performed. Identification and AFST were performed as per standard microbiological procedures. Statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS version 22.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Data were presented as percentages and proportions.

Results:

Candida isolates were detected in 39.23% of women. The median age was 26–35 years. C. albicans was the most common isolate (60.8%), followed by Candida
glabrata (31.8%), Candida tropicalis (4.19%), Candida
parapsilosis (2.09%), Candida
krusei (0.699%), and Candida
kefyr (0.34%). Fluconazole resistance was seen in 29% of the isolates and susceptible dose-dependent in 32.15%.

Conclusion:
Increasing isolation of NAC species (39.2%) causing VVC and responding poorly to fluconazole (29% resistant strains) is a major concern. Timely and appropriate AFST will help improve the clinical outcome and quality of life.
Study of sociodemographic factors associated with anemia during pregnancy at a university hospital in India
Authors: Fareed Kulsum , Gupta Uma , Khatoon Ruby 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Between 25% and 50% of pregnant women and almost half of nonpregnant women suffer from anemia, a common health problem, especially in developing and poor countries. Anemia is one of the most common diseases in women during pregnancy.

Aim:
Of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women, its morphological characterization, and associated sociodemographic characteristics.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 290 pregnant women from Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. The demographic data of the participants (age, place of residence, religion, education, employment status, type of housing, socioeconomic status, and source of drinking water) were collected. A general and physical examination was performed. They were assessed for anemia and its severity.

Statistical Analysis:
The Chi-square test, independent-samples t-test, and analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis.

Results:
A total of 290 pregnant women aged 18–38 years were included in the study. A total of 161 individuals (55.5%) were diagnosed with anemia. The prevalence and severity of anemia largely correlated with maternal age (<20 years or > 30 years), lower body mass index, higher education level, employment status, medication use, and lack of iron supplementation. Employment status, Kachcha residence, lower intake of nonvegetarian diet, lower intake of green leafy vegetables, nonuse of oral contraceptives in the past 3 months, and iron supplementation were found to be significantly associated with anemia severity.

Conclusions:
A high prevalence of anemia during pregnancy was found in this community. Higher prevalence and severity of anemia were closely related to increasing maternal age, low socioeconomic position, and lack of iron supplementation.
Utility of the Xpert Xpress CoV-2/Flu/RSV Plus Kit: A Glance at RSV Infection in Adults and Coinfection Rate
Authors: Alkharsah Khaled R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Viral infection is responsible for the majority of respiratory tract infections (RTI). This retrospective study evaluates the advantages of using the multiplex Xpert Xpress CoV-2/Flu/RSV plus kit in laboratory diagnosis of RTI caused by the most related viruses.

Materials and Methods:
Data were obtained from medical records between November 2021 and May 2023 for any sample tested using either the Xpert Xpress Flu/RSV kit, Xpert Xpress Flu kit, Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 kit, and Xpert Xpress CoV-2/Flu/RSV plus kit.

Results:
Influenza virus A was detected in 8.5% (55/649) of the samples using the Flu PCR kit and in 4.9% (123/2538) using CoV-2/Flu/RSV plus kit, while influenza virus B detection rates were 3.7% (24/649) using the Flu PCR kit and 1.7% (43/2538) using the CoV-2/Flu/RSV plus kit. However, the detection rates using the two kits were comparable when evaluated for the same time period of the year. SARS-CoV-2 infections were detected in 16.9% (1545/9153) and 10.5% (266/2538) of the cases using the SARS-CoV-2 kit and CoV-2/Flu/RSV plus kits, respectively. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was identified in 17.7% (66/372) of children using Flu/RSV kit; this number dropped significantly when age-targeted testing of RSV was performed due to involvements of adults. With the CoV-2/Flu/RSV plus kit, about 34% (35/103) of RSV infections detected were in patients aged >20 years; these cases would have previously been overlooked because adults are not routinely tested for RSV using the Flu/RSV kit. All coinfection cases (n = 16) were only detected with the CoV-2/Flu/RSV plus kit.

Conclusion:
The use of Xpert Xpress CoV-2/Flu/RSV plus kit not only results in shorter turnaround times through accurate detection of all four viruses, but also provides information on RSV infection in adults and coinfection rates.
Delayed Sequence Intubation in Children, Why Not?
Authors: Rebollar Ramón Eizaga , Hierro Paula Lozano , Fernández Ana Mercedes Martínez-Almendros 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Tracheal intubation in pediatric patients is a clinical scenario that can quickly become an emergency. Complication rates can potentially reach up to 60% in rapid sequence intubation. An alternate to this is delayed sequence intubation, which may reduce potential complications—mostly hypoxemia—and can be especially useful in non-cooperative children. This technique consists of the prior airway and oxygenation optimization. This is done through sedation using agents that preserve ventilatory function and protective reflexes and continuous oxygen therapy—prior and after the anesthetic induction—using nasal prongs. The objective of this narrative review is to provide a broader perspective on delayed sequence intubation by defining the concept and indications; reviewing its safety, effectiveness, and complications; and describing the anesthetic agents and oxygen therapy techniques used in this procedure.
The Effect of Service Quality and Toll Price Rates on Toll Road User Satisfaction (Case Study on Kelapa Gading – Pulo Gebang Toll Road)
Authors: Rahaviana Khairunnisa Pertiwi , Widyaningsih Nunung 
Published: April 2024

Toll road construction is one of the main supporting aspects in the process of accelerating Indonesia's national development. However, along with population growth and regional development, road infrastructure is increasingly filled with various modes of transportation which ultimately causes buildup and congestion. The construction of toll roads in Jakarta is one alternative to break down congestion in the city. The construction of the Kelapa Gading - Pulo Gebang Toll Road is expected to be able to increase road capacity so as to facilitate transportation between the two regions. However, the varied toll rates cause different perceptions in its users. Toll tariff determination is generally oriented towards financial analysis which results in not being commensurate with the ability (Ability To Pay) and desire (Willingness To Pay) as well as the determination of the ideal tariff of the community as toll road service users. This research uses a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. Data collection using questionnaires and documentation. The research population of the entire Jakarta city community in 2022 is 10,679,951 people, the number of samples calculated using the Slovin method resulted in 100 respondents selected through certain criteria. Data analysis uses validity tests, reliability tests and descriptive analysis. The results showed that the level of driver satisfaction with the quality of service of the Kelapa Gading - Pulo Gebang Toll Road was in the "Satisfied" category as evidenced by the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) value of 78.62% which was in the range of 61% to 80% so that it was in the "Satisfied" category. Then, the quality of service and tariff policy have a positive effect on the satisfaction of users of the Kelapa Gading - Pulo Gebang toll road, which is indicated by the F value calculated > F table (48.060>3.09) and the significance of < 0.05 (0.00<0.05) means significant / influential. The respondent's Ability To Pay (ATP) on the highest Kelapa Gading - Pulo Gebang toll road tariff was Rp. 166,766.24, namely for respondents with the job category as a Housewife / Father and the lowest ATP was Rp. 125,620.99, namely for respondents with the job category as Students or Students. The average Ability To Pay (ATP) value of all respondents was Rp. 147,582.02. While the respondent's Willingnes To Pay (WTP) value on the highest respondent's Kelapa Gading - Pulo Gebang toll road tariff was Rp. 21,750, namely for respondents with the job category as Students or Students and the lowest WTP was Rp. 20,523, namely for respondents with the job category as Civil Servants (PNS) or TNI / Polri. The average Willingnes To Pay (WTP) value of all respondents was Rp. 20,970.
Efecto del zapallo y la zanahoria en las características nutricionales del yogurt natural
Authors: Logroño Veloz Mayra Alexandra , Betancourt Ortiz Sarita Lucila , Fonseca Jiménez Janet Graciela 
Published: April 2024

Introducción: El yogurt, es un producto resultante de la fermentación de la lactosa por acción bacteriana (St. themophilus y L. bulgaricus) con producción de ácido láctico, presenta mayor digestibilidad respecto de la leche en individuos intolerantes, permite la inclusión de productos que aumenten su contenido nutricional y aceptación, convirtiéndose en una alternativa para mejorar los problemas de déficit nutricionales de la población en general. Objetivo: Formular un yogur con la adición de zapallo (Cucúrbita máxima) y zanahoria (Daucus carota) y medir sus características organolépticas, bromatológicas y nutricionales. Metodología: El estudio fue cualitativo y cuantitativo con un diseño experimental factorial 22 proporcionando 4 tratamientos los factores fueron las cantidades de azúcar y la mezcla de zanahoria con zapallo previamente cocida, con la adición constante de 0.7 g (0.01%) de cultivo probiótico cepas de Lactobacillus Bulgaricus y Streptococcus Thermophilus. Resultados: El tratamiento T3 presentó mayor aceptabilidad con una apariencia heterogénea, de color naranja, aroma lácteo, textura semilíquida y sabor semidulce; y mostró diferencias estadísticas significativas con un p ≤ 0.001 en cuanto al aporte de fibra, carbohidratos totales y cenizas. Conclusiones: El yogurt puede ser considerado como un alimento funcional con baja cantidad de calorías, medio en grasa, bajo en azúcar, no contiene sal y se recomienda su consumo por el aporte importante de fibra.
WhatsApp una herramienta de comunicación en salud para estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Guacho Tixi Mercy Esthela , Andrade Cuadrado Carlos Eduardo , Llanga Vargas Edgar Francisco 
Published: April 2024

Introducción: En la actualidad el WhatsApp se ha convertido en el medio de comunicación idóneo y ágil más utilizado por los estudiantes para compartir o difundir recursos de información o académicos, quienes han adoptado la comunicación en tiempo real o sincrónica como una forma usual de establecer contacto. Objetivo: Identificar las preferencias de uso del WhatsApp en los estudiantes de la carrera de medicina de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de cohorte transversal, para determinar el uso y utilidades del WhatsApp. Se trabajó con 309 estudiantes entre 19 – 26 años de edad, seleccionados a través de un muestreo aleatorio simple. Resultados: El 36.25% de los estudiantes que participaron corresponde a hombres y el 63.75 % a mujeres. El celular es el dispositivo más utilizado por los estudiantes para conectarse al internet y corresponde al 87.38%, el 66.99% utilizan WhatsApp como una herramienta de interacción y comunicación virtual. El 51.8% utiliza el WhatsApp para compartir temas académicos y el 22.7% temas de salud en general. Conclusiones: WhatsApp se ha convertido en la herramienta más utilizada para la interacción y comunicación virtual a nivel mundial, los estudiantes de la carrera de medicina comparten mediante esta aplicación información en el ámbito académico o de salud en general, ya que les permite establecer una conversación sencilla y natural.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Selenium in Food Items
Authors: Komal Pareek  , Pooja V. Jagasia  
Published: April 2024

Selenium (Se) is an essential element that is obtained from food. To increase the level of selenium in the body, we should consume selenium-rich foods in our diet. The objective of this study was to develop a simple spectrophotometric method for the quantitative analysis of selenium present in food. This study included six food items such as broccoli, cabbage, red cabbage, fenugreek, garlic, and ginger. The new method is based on the yellow colour complex formed by the reaction between 2% potassium iodide and 0.2% pyridine in acidic medium with the selenium. Absorbance was measured at 400 nm against the reagent blank. The results of the above proposed method were compared with the reference method of using potassium iodide and starch as reagents. The selenium content in the examined food samples was determined from the regression equation of the calibration curve y= 0.0799x+0.3477 respectively. All the analyses were performed in triplicate, and the results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The highest mean selenium value was obtained in ginger and garlic 18.70 & 18.32 µg/g, respectively among all the studied samples, while the lowest value was in fenugreek seeds 7.38 µg/g. The proposed method is simple, rapid, sensitive, and obeys Beer–Lambert’s law. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine food items. Selenium has been quantitatively analysed for its potential to protect the body from many degenerative diseases. Selenium-rich food, as studied here, should be used as a supplement in the human diet.
Application of Water Quality Index in Assessing water Quality: A Case Study of the Shatt Al Arab River.
Authors: Hadi Hamza Zuhal Abdul 
Published: April 2024

This investigation pertains to the evaluation of water quality in the Shatt Al-Arab River, located in the Basrah province of southern Iraq, from 2017 to 2022. Its quality should be assessed regularly, and the condition of water resources should be maintained accordingly. The most common analytical method for describing and assessing general water quality is the Water Quality Index (WQI). Various physicochemical parameters like pH, total dissolved solids, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, chloride, and total alkalinity are considered for the present study. The Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index Technique is used to evaluate these data. For checking the portability of the parameters within the acceptable limit, WHO is adopted. According to the study mentioned above, the quality has been found to be very low compared to the WQI value. It is also observed that the water was found unsuitable for drinking purposes, and it is considered harmful to human health; therefore, it requires some kind of processing before use. This study will be beneficial to policymakers for identifying and providing details about water quality in the form of a specific value.
Fan Art in E-Commerce Marketplace Copyright Protection: A Study of the Chinese Experience
Authors: Pokrovskaya Anna , Gronic Irina 
Published: April 2024

This research article aims to explore the Chinese experience in dealing with fan art within the copyright protection framework on e-commerce marketplaces. The findings highlight the complex relationship between fan art, copyright infringement, and e-commerce platforms in China. While fan art has become a significant cultural phenomenon and a means of artistic expression, it often infringes upon the copyrights of the original creators. The article examines the legal implications and challenges associated with fan art, focusing on its impact on intellectual property rights and the e-commerce environment. Furthermore, the study analyzes the measures taken by Chinese e-commerce marketplaces and the government to address the issue of copyright infringement in fan art. The research evaluates the effectiveness of existing copyright protection mechanisms, such as takedown notices, filtering technologies, and legal enforcement actions. This article investigates the Chinese experience in dealing with fan art within the copyright protection framework on e-commerce platforms. The article also explores the impact of Chinese internet culture and the attitudes of fan artists and consumers toward copyright protection. Additionally, it investigates the opinions and experiences of copyright holders in relation to fan art on e-commerce platforms. Overall, this research article provides valuable insights into the Chinese experience of addressing fan art within the copyright protection system on e-commerce marketplaces. By understanding the challenges and potential solutions, policymakers, copyright holders, and e-commerce platform operators can gain perspectives and develop strategies for adapting copyright protection mechanisms in the digital era.

Received: 24 December 2023 | Revised: 28 February 2024 | Accepted: 16 March 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
The data that support this work are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.

Author Contribution Statement
Anna Pokrovskaya: Conceptualization, Investigation, Resources, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition. Irina Gronic: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition.
Indications, response, and side effects of biologic treatment in Behçet’s disease: an 8-year study with follow-up
Authors: Shenavandeh Saeedeh , Aflaki Elham , RastiJahromi Maryam Rasti , Haghighi Afshin Borhani , Nazarinia Mohammad Ali 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe treatment of Behçet’s disease has improved significantly with the introduction of biologic therapies. However, there is still a need for more information about their use. This study aimed to evaluate the indications, response, and side effects of biologic agents in patients with refractory or severe Behçet’s disease in the south of Iran, their follow-up and reasons for changing the biologics.Material and methodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 44 patients aged 16–65 years who were prescribed biologic agents for at least 6 months. The clinical history, partial and complete remission at 6 and 12 months, occurrence of side effects, and need for switching to a second or third biologic agent were recorded.ResultsThe most common indications for starting biologic agents were ophthalmic (68.2%), parenchymal brain involvement (15.9%), and arthritis (11.4%). Improvement was observed in various manifestations of Behçet’s disease, with complete remission in 86, 51.6, 92.8, 66.7, 42.9, 33.3, and 80.0% of oral aphthous lesions, ophthalmic activity, genital aphthous lesions, skin activity, arthritis, brain parenchymal lesions, and vascular activity, respectively, 6 months after starting biologic agents. These rates were unchanged or increased at the 12-month follow-up. In 25.0% of patients, a switch to a second biologic agent was necessary due to severe disease, side effects, or refractory disease. Side effects occurred in 16.3% and 33.3% of patients on the first and second biologic agents, respectively. The majority of side effects were not serious.ConclusionsWe found a promising improvement at 6-month and 12-month follow-ups with various biologic agents in treating Behçet’s disease with an acceptable safety profile.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ CÁC TỔN THƯƠNG CỔ TỬ CUNG MỨC ĐỘ CAO BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP KHOÉT CHÓP TẠI BỆNH VIỆN HÙNG VƯƠNG NĂM 2018-2020
Authors: Huỳnh Xuân Nghiêm , Nguyễn Minh Phương , Trần Khánh Nga , Huỳnh Thụy Thảo Quyên 
Published: April 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Việc tầm soát phát hiện sớm bằng tế bào học và HPV có thể giúp phát hiện sớm các trường hợp tiền ung thư để ngăn ngừa phát triển thành ung thư cổ tử cung (UTCTC) và có thể chữa khỏi bằng các phương pháp can thiệp tối thiểu như khoét chóp để lấy mô tổn thương ra khỏi cổ tử cung. Mục tiêu: 1. Xác định tỷ lệ điều trị thành công các tổn thương cổ tử cung (CTC) mức độ cao bằng phương pháp khoét chóp. 2. Xác định các yếu tố liên quan đến kết quả điều trị khoét chóp CTC. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang có phân tích, cỡ mẫu 220 trường hợp được khoét chóp CTC lần đầu tại bệnh viện thực hiện trong thời gian 2018 – 2022. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ điều trị thành công các tổn thương CTC mức độ cao bằng phương pháp khoét chóp CTC sau 30 tháng là 87,7% (KTC 95%: 83,36-92,1%). Tỷ lệ thất bại 12,3%. Các yếu tố liên quan đến kết quả điều trị khoét chóp CTC:Tuổi ≥ 38 tuổi làm tăng nguy cơ điều trị thất bại với OR= 1,32 (KTC 95%: 1,22-3,95, sự khác biệt này có ý nghĩa thống kê với p=0,012 < 0,05. Tình trạng mãn kinh làm tăng nguy cơ điều trị thất bại với OR= 1,18 (KTC 95%: 1,07-3,7, sự khác biệt này có ý nghĩa thống kê với p=0,004 < 0,05. Tình trạng nhiễm HPV sau khoét chóp CTC làm tăng nguy cơ điều trị thất bại gấp 5,8 lần so với HPV (-) với OR= 5,8 (KTC 95%: 3,69-8,27), sự khác biệt này có ý nghĩa thống kê với p< 0,001 < 0,05. Kết luận: Điều trị tổn thương cổ tử cung mức độ cao bằng phương pháp khoét chóp dao thường hay vòng điện (LEEP) có tỷ lệ điều trị thành công cao. Lớn tuổi, mãn kinh và nhiễm HPV sau khoét chóp làm tăng nguy cơ thất bại của khoét chóp.