bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kalman filter finite element method applied to dynamic ground motion
Authors: Kato Yusuke , Kawahara Mutsuto , Koizumi Naoto 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the estimation of dynamic elastic behavior of the ground using the Kalman filter finite element method. In the present paper, as the state equation, the balance of stress equation, the strain–displacement equation and the stress–strain equation are used. For temporal discretization, the Newmark ¼ method is employed, and for the spatial discretization the Galerkin method is applied. The Kalman filter finite element method is a combination of the Kalman filter and the finite element method. The present method is adaptable to estimations not only in time but also in space, as we have confirmed by its application to the Futatsuishi quarry site. The input data are the measured velocity, acceleration, etc., which may include mechanical noise. It has been shown in numerical studies that the estimated velocity, acceleration, etc., at any other spatial and temporal point can be obtained by removing the noise included in the observation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Necropoli of Pill'e Matta Quartucciu (Cagliari, Sardinia): wild bee and solitary wasp activity and bone diagenetic factors
Authors: Pittoni E. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractDuring the excavation at the necropolis and the laboratory studies, a variety of damage was found in the human bone remains. This damage included round holes, irregular bone destruction and irregular etching. This can be found especially in the skulls and in the long bones, and sometimes in the vertebrae and on the hands and feet. The exceptionality of this demanded meticulous study in order to define whether it was a diagenetic phenomenon of biological origin. Further studies revealed that the damage to the bones was produced by three kinds of Hymenoptera that build galleries: one of these belongs to the Sphecidae family, the other two to the Halictidae family. During the excavation of a grave it had been observed that a Halictidae had invaded the burial context and consequently contributed to the taphonomic and diagenetic process. The laboratory activities were directed towards the measurement of the damage to the human bone remains in 45 tombs. A histogram shows that the holes are not the result of accidental lesions, and the more frequent percentage values show similarities with the dimensions of holes built by the insects. The observations and the results of the study at the archaeological site enabled me to establish how significant the role of the insects had been, in particular of the Hymenoptera, in modifying the condition of the bone remains. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Patterned grafting of acrylic acid onto polymer substrates
Authors: Kim Dong‐Ki , Choi You Mee , Jung Chan‐Hee , Kwon Ho‐Je , Choi Jae‐Hak , Nho Young‐Chang , Suh Dong‐Hack , Ganesan Ramakrishnan , Kim Jin‐Baek 
Published: November 2008

AbstractPolyethylene films were irradiated through a mask with high‐energy argon ions to activate the surface for grafting. Acrylic acid was graft polymerized onto the irradiated region of the polyethylene surface. The grafted surface was characterized by using FT‐IR and XPS. Patterned grafting of acrylic acid on the polyethylene surface was finally confirmed by a fluorescence labeling method. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Functionalization of three‐dimensionally ordered macroporous cross‐linked polystyrene by atom‐transfer radical polymerization of hydroxyethyl methacrylate and subsequent derivatization
Authors: Zhang Xu , Yan Weidong , Yang Huifang , Liu Binyuan , Liu Pange 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe surface‐initiated atom‐transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) technique was applied to the graft polymerization of 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) from three‐dimensionally ordered macroporous crosslinked polystyrene (3DOM CLPS) on which the initiator (benzyl chloride) was immobilized onto the pore wall of 3DOM CLPS by chloromethylation of benzene ring. By the adjustment of the monomer concentration or graft polymerization time, the thickness of grafted polymer layers can be controlled. FTIR analysis confirms that the graft polymerization of HEMA via ATRP had been taken place at the pore wall of 3DOM CLPS. SEM images of PHEMA‐grafted 3DOM CLPS show that the ordered structure is well preserved after graft polymerization and the grafted layers are dense and homogeneous. The maximum thickness of grafted layer is up to 35 nm and the corresponding percent weight increase is 102.8% in this study. Moreover, the PHEMA layers were further functionalized in high yield via their reactive hydroxyl groups under gentle condition. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 7950–7959, 2008
Acrylate based anticorrosion films using novel bis‐phosphonic methacrylates
Authors: Chougrani Kamel , Boutevin Bernard , David Ghislain , Seabrook Shane , Loubat Cédric 
Published: November 2008

AbstractTwo novel phosphonated methacrylate monomers were successfully synthesized and subsequently incorportated into adhesion/anticorrosive coatings. Specifically, they were propyl N,N‐tetramethyl‐bis(phosphonate)‐2‐hydroxyl‐bis(methylene) amine methylmethacrylate (MAC3NP2) and 2‐[2,2‐bis(diisopropoxyphosphoryl)ethoxy]‐methylmethacrylate, (MAC3P2). The phosphonic forms of each monomer were blended with ∼85% w.w acrylates (tripropyleneglycol‐diacrylate and hexanediol‐diacrylate) and 6% w.w of the photo sensitive initiator Darocur®. Along with a monophosphonic monomer synthesized in a previous publication (MAC3P), they were polymerized on Q‐panels under ultraviolet light, and then subject to the salt spray test (ca. 0.5 mol/L NaCl at 35 °C) for a duration of up to 50 days. The results indicate that acrylate blends with low concentration of the bisphosphonic compound MAC3P2 have excellent resistance to corrosion, thus excellent adhesive properties. Importantly, these coatings were formed without the use of a hydrophobic polymer matrix or solvents. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 7972–7984, 2008
Copolymerization of amino acid and amino ester functionalized norbornenes via living ring‐opening metathesis polymerization
Authors: Biagini Stefano C. G. , Gibson Vernon C. , Giles Matthew R. , Marshall Edward L. , North Michael 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe block and random copolymerization of a series of amino acid and amino ester functionalized norbornenes by ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) induced by the well‐defined molybdenum [Mo(N‐2,6‐iPrC6H3)(CHCMe2)Ph)(OCMe3)2] or ruthenium [Ru(PCy)2Cl2(CHPh)] based initiators is described. The monomers are derived from the amino acids glycine, alanine, and isoleucine or the methyl esters of these amino acids and either endo‐ or exo‐norborn‐5‐ene‐2,3‐dicarboxylic anhydride. Enantiomerically pure monomers afforded optically active polymers, and the mechanism and kinetics of the copolymerizations are investigated. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 7985–7995, 2008
Sulfonation of metallocene‐based polyolefinic elastomers and its influence on physicomechanical properties: Effect of reaction parameters, styrene grafting, and pendant chain length
Authors: Biswas Anjan , Bandyopadhyay Abhijit , Singha Nikhil K. , Bhowmick Anil K. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractDirect sulfonation and styrene‐mediated sulfonation were carried out onto metallocene‐based poly(ethylene‐co‐octene) (POE) and poly(ethylene‐co‐butene) (PBE) elastomers to impart polarity on the completely nonpolar rubbery matrices and to prepare a new class of elastomer. The influence of styrene‐grafting and pendant chain length on the degree of sulfonation was also studied. The effects of sulfonation, styrene grafting and styrene‐mediated sulfonation at their optimized levels on various physicomechanical properties were thoroughly investigated, and the resultant properties were correlated with structures of the modified elastomers. Higher extent of sulfonic acid groups were introduced through direct sulfonation in comparison with the styrene‐mediated sulfonation, whereas better thermal and mechanical properties were obtained through styrene‐mediated sulfonation in comparison with the direct sulfonation process. PBE had shown higher degree of sulfonation and percentage grafting than POE. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 8023–8040, 2008
Conserved amino acid networks involved in antibody variable domain interactions
Authors: Wang Norman , Smith William F. , Miller Brian R. , Aivazian Dikran , Lugovskoy Alexey A. , Reff Mitchell E. , Glaser Scott M. , Croner Lisa J. , Demarest Stephen J. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractEngineered antibodies are a large and growing class of protein therapeutics comprising both marketed products and many molecules in clinical trials in various disease indications. We investigated naturally conserved networks of amino acids that support antibody VH and VL function, with the goal of generating information to assist in the engineering of robust antibody or antibody‐like therapeutics. We generated a large and diverse sequence alignment of V‐class Ig‐folds, of which VH and VL domains are family members. To identify conserved amino acid networks, covariations between residues at all possible position pairs were quantified as correlation coefficients (ϕ‐values). We provide rosters of the key conserved amino acid pairs in antibody VH and VL domains, for reference and use by the antibody research community. The majority of the most strongly conserved amino acid pairs in VH and VL are at or adjacent to the VH–VL interface suggesting that the ability to heterodimerize is a constraining feature of antibody evolution. For the VH domain, but not the VL domain, residue pairs at the variable‐constant domain interface (VH–CH1 interface) are also strongly conserved. The same network of conserved VH positions involved in interactions with both the VL and CH1 domains is found in camelid VHH domains, which have evolved to lack interactions with VL and CH1 domains in their mature structures; however, the amino acids at these positions are different, reflecting their different function. Overall, the data describe naturally occurring amino acid networks in antibody Fv regions that can be referenced when designing antibodies or antibody‐like fragments with the goal of improving their biophysical properties. Proteins 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enhanced protein fold recognition using a structural alphabet
Authors: Deschavanne Patrick , Tufféry Pierre 
Published: November 2008

AbstractFold recognition from sequence can be an important step in protein structure and function prediction. Many methods have tackled this goal. Most of them, based on sequence alignment, fail for sequences of low similarity. Alignment–free approaches can provide an efficient alternative. For such approaches, the identification of efficient fold discriminatory features is critical. We propose a new fold recognition approach that relies on the encoding of the local structure of proteins using a Hidden Markov Model Structural Alphabet. This encoding provides a 1D description of the conformation of complete proteins structures, including loops. At the fold level, compared with the classical secondary structure helix, strand, and coil states, such encoding is expected to provide the means of a better discrimination between loop conformations, hence providing better fold identification. Compared with previous related approaches, this supplement of information results in significant improvement. When combining this information with supplementary information of secondary structure and residue burial, we obtain a fold recognition accuracy of 78% for 27 protein families, that is, 8% higher than the best available method so far, and of 68% for 60 families. Corresponding scores at the class level are of 92% and 90% indicating that mispredictions are mostly within structural classes. Proteins 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evidences of complex formation between DABA‐based nucleo‐γ‐peptides with alternate configuration backbone
Authors: Roviello G. N. , Musumeci D. , Moccia M. , Castiglione M. , Cesarani A. , Bucci E. M. , Saviano M. , Pedone C. , Benedetti E. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractIn the present work, we report the synthesis and the characterization of dab PNA hexamers with diaminobutyric acid backbone of D‐ or/and L‐configuration. In particular, the four nucleo‐amino acids we synthesized, D‐ and L‐diaminobutyryl adenines and D‐ and L‐diaminobutyryl thymines, were used in various combinations to assemble the following oligomers: H‐G‐(t L−dab)6‐K‐NH2, H‐G‐(t D−dab)6‐K‐NH2, H‐G‐(a L−dab)6‐K‐NH2, H‐G‐(t L−dab‐t D−dab)3‐K‐NH2, H‐G‐(a L−dab‐a D−dab)3‐K‐NH2, H‐G‐(a L−dab‐t D−dab)3‐K‐NH2. By using CD and UV spectroscopies, we investigated the ability of complementary dab PNA strands to bind to each other. We found that binding occurs only between oligomers with backbone of alternate configuration [(t L−dab‐t D−dab)3/(a L−dab‐a D−dab)3 and (a L−dab‐t D−dab)3/(a L−dab‐t D−dab)3] and implies cooperative hydrogen bonds and base stacking. Furthermore, interesting properties relative to the self‐complementary oligomer (a L−dab‐t D−dab)3 forming palindromic complexes emerged from preliminary dynamic light‐scattering experiments that suggested the formation of multimeric aggregates. These results, together with the high serum stability of the DABA‐based oligomers, as shown by HPLC analysis, encourage us to further study dab PNAs as new self‐recognizing bio‐inspired polymers, to develop new nanomaterials in biotechnological and biomedical applications. Copyright © 2008 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Caco‐2 Cell methodology and inhibition of the P‐glycoprotein transport of digoxin by Aloe vera Juice
Authors: Djuv Ane , Nilsen Odd Georg 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe aims of this study were to carry out a thorough quality control setup for essential Caco‐2 cell characteristics in P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) inhibition studies and to explore if Aloe vera juice (AVJ) inhibits the bidirectional transport of the P‐gp substrate digoxin (30 nm). Seven AVJ concentrations (0.00001‐1.0 mg/mL), anticipated to cover a clinically relevant range, were tested and digoxin apparent permeability coefficients (Papp), net Papp values (PappNet) and net flux values (JNet) were calculated. Relevant validation parameters for P‐gp inhibition studies in Caco‐2 cells are suggested to include, as a minimum, an assay linearity test with and without a known P‐gp inhibitor, cell cytotoxicity testing (MTT‐test) for substrates and inhibitors, and cell integrity testing by TEER and mannitol transport measurements. The question is also raised whether a minimum effect of a reference P‐gp inhibitor as verapamil should be demanded. Cell cytotoxicity was seen for digoxin at concentrations ≥3 µm and for AVJ at 10 mg/mL. AVJ did not inhibit the P‐gp transport of digoxin in any of the concentrations tested. This indicates that AVJ is no inhibitor of the P‐gp mediated transport of digoxin in vitro if AVJ is present in clinically relevant concentrations. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of coriander seed (Coriandrum sativum L.) ethanol extract on insulin release from pancreatic beta cells in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats
Authors: Eidi Maryam , Eidi Akram , Saeidi Ali , Molanaei Saadat , Sadeghipour Alireza , Bahar Massih , Bahar Kamal 
Published: November 2008

AbstractCoriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is grown as a spice crop all over the world. The seeds have been used to treat indigestion, diabetes, rheumatism and pain in the joints. In the present study, an ethanol extract of the seeds was investigated for effects on insulin release from the pancreatic beta cells in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats. Blood samples were drawn from the retro‐orbital sinus before and 1.5, 3 and 5 h after administration of the seed extract. Serum glucose levels were determined by the glucose oxidase method. To determine the insulin releasing activity, after extract treatment the animals were anaesthetized by diethyl ether, the pancreas was excised, fixed in 10% formaldehyde and embedded in paraffin for sectioning. Pancreatic sections of 5 µm were processed for examination of insulin‐releasing activity using an immunocytochemistry kit. The results showed that administration of the ethanol extract (200 and 250 mg/kg, i.p.) exhibited a significant reduction in serum glucose. Administration of streptozotocin decreased the number of beta cells with insulin secretory activity in comparison with intact rats, but treatment with the coriander seed extract (200 mg/kg) increased significantly the activity of the beta cells in comparison with the diabetic control rats. The extract decreased serum glucose in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats and increased insulin release from the beta cells of the pancreas. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ginkgo biloba extract prevents glucose‐induced accumulation of ECM in rat mesangial cells
Authors: Ji Lei , Yin Xiao‐xing , Wu Zheng‐mei , Wang Jian‐yun , Lu Qian , Gao Yuan‐yuan 
Published: November 2008

AbstractPathological remodeling characterized by extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation contributes to diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study evaluated the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) on the metabolism of the ECM in rat mesangial cells cultured in hyperglycemic conditions. The cultured mesangial cells in high glucose conditions were allotted into six groups: normal control group, high glucose group, low concentration of GbE group, moderate concentration of GbE group, high concentration of GbE group, and captopril group. In the presence of high glucose, the levels of matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2), matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) and extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) were decreased significantly, and the levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐2 (TIMP‐2), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐1 (TIMP‐1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) were increased significantly. These changes were reversed by GbE. GbE lowered the levels of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1), insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) of the high glucose group. Furthermore, GbE also decreased the expressions of collagen IV and laminin of the high glucose group. In summary, the results suggest that GbE postpones the extracellular matrix accumulation by inhibiting the synthesis of ECM and promoting the degradation of ECM, and therefore, is a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of DN. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of preset‐type sample stage in three‐dimensional atom probe
Authors: Ito S. , Kaneko T. , Yamashita C. , Kaito T. , Adachi T. , Iwata T. , Mayama N. , Nojima M. , Taniguchi M. , Owari M. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThree‐dimensional atom probe (3DAP) equipped with a newly designed preset‐type sample stage has been developed. This new type of sample stage can reduce the costs of constructing a 3DAP instrument, and this instrument consists of quite simple components because the complicated mechanism to make any desired adjustment is no longer required to be done in a vacuum. These advantages are expected to lead to the wider distribution of 3DAP.In addition, a wider range of applications is also expected in our equipment because the atoms can be field‐evaporated by means of either high‐voltage pulses or femto‐second laser pulses. In this article, the performance of the pulse voltage mode and pulse laser mode are described and illustrated through the investigation of metals. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integrated assessment of emotional distress after work‐related accidents
Authors: Novara Caterina , Buodo Giulia , Ghisi Marta , Poli Silvia , Bichescu Dana Maria , Sanavio Ezio , Palomba Daniela 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWork accidents can be traumatic events that might give rise to a variety of dysfunctional stress responses. An integrated assessment of stress responses after work‐related trauma is considered as a valuable approach in clinical practice. The purpose of the present study was to assess affective adjustment after work‐related accidents using a multidimensional assessment. Fourteen males who had experienced work‐related accidents and 13 male controls were assessed using self‐report instruments and the recording of skin conductance response and the startle reflex during the viewing of standardized trauma‐related and trauma‐unrelated pictures. Participants who underwent a work accident reported more severe maladjustment symptoms than controls, as indicated by higher Post‐traumatic stress disorder Symptom Scale (PSS) scores. Moreover, participants with higher PSS scores showed more severe depressive symptomatology and general psychopathology, and lower psychophysiological reactivity than participants with lower PSS scores. Long‐lasting maladjustment problems after work‐related accidents influence various affective domains even many years after the traumatic event. In those individuals who showed higher post‐stress symptoms, an integrated assessment highlights a lack of concordance between self‐reported symptoms and physiological activation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
First observations of nest attendance behavior by wild maned wolves, Chrysocyon brachyurus
Authors: De Melo Luiz Fernando Bandeira , Sábato Marco Aurélio Lima , Vaz Magni Elisa M. , Young Robert John , Coelho Carlyle Mendes 
Published: November 2008

AbstractIn many species of canids the male's role in reproduction extends to providing extensive or some parental care to his offspring. Maned wolves are a monogamous canid species whose males have been observed providing parental care to their offspring in captivity, but no field observations exist. We observed a wild pair of maned wolves at their nest site in a period soon after the female had given birth for a total period of 65 days. We made five observation sessions with an average of 3–4 days each separated by approximately 2 weeks. Direct visual observations of maned wolves were made each 30 min during the hours of darkness (17:00–07:00) using night‐vision binoculars and confirmed by VHF radiotelemetry. During observations we recorded the location of the male and the female in relation to the nest (i.e., in the nest, nearby or long way from the nest). The results showed that the female spent more than 60.44% of her time in or near the nest. The male spent 28.90% of his time in or near the nest. There was a positive significant correlation between the female and the male in terms of the amount of time spent in or near the nest (P<0.01). The maned wolves showed a strong temporal variation in time spent in or near the nest. In conclusion, our data show that wild male maned wolves—probably—provide parental care through provision of food to their female and presumed offspring rather than “babysitting.” Zoo Biol 28:69–74, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.