bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Color Doppler sonography in acute epididymitis and orchitis
Authors: Ralls Philip W. , Jensen Maureen C. , Lee Kevin P. , Mayekawa Donald S. , Johnson Meade B. , Halls James M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractClinical diagnosis of patients with acute scrotal pain is frequently imperfect. Imaging, using nuclear medicine scintigraphy and hand‐held continuous‐wave Doppler ultrasound devices, has been used in these patients.We retrospectively analyzed 28 consecutive patients referred for scrotal sonography, all of whom had been imaged using color Doppler sonography. Of 22 patients with confirmed diagnoses, 11 had acute epididymitis/orchitis and 11 had another diagnosis. Ten of 11 patients with acute epididymitis/orchitis had increased epididymal flow. Eight also had increased testicular flow. None of the 11 patients without acute epididymitislorchitis had increased flow.Our data suggest that color Doppler sonography may be useful in establishing the diagnosis of acute epididymitislorchitis. This might decrease the need for scrotal exploration. No distinction could be made among scrotal lesions in the nonacute epididymitis/orchitis group. Sensitivity was inadequate to reliably detect flow in normal testicles, a prerequisite to accurately diagnose torsion. Newly improved sensitivity may enhance the utility of color Doppler sonography in assessing patients with acute scrotal pathology.
Color flow and image‐directed Doppler ultrasound evaluation of iatrogenic arteriovenous fistulas in the groin
Authors: Roubidoux Marilyn A. , Hertzberg Barbara S. , Carroll Barbara A. , Hedgepeth Carolyn A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractColor flow image‐directed Doppler ultrasound was used to image 9 iatrogenic arteriovenous (AV) fistulas in the groin following femoral artery catheterization. Characteristic findings in the color images and spectral waveforms seen in most patients included (1) visible connection between the artery and vein (8 cases); (2) a multicolored speckled mass at the fistula site (7 cases); (3) spreading of color pixels into the extraluminal soft tissues (7 cases); (4) high diastolic flow in the arterial waveform proximal to the fistula site (7 cases); (5) decreased flow in the artery caudal to the fistula (5 cases); and (6) high velocity turbulent flow, sometimes with a pulsatile component, in the vein near the fistula (9 cases). The authors conclude that color flow imaging is useful in differentiating an AV fistula from other complications of femoral artery catheterization, such as pseudoaneurysm or hematoma.
Detection of prosthetic mitral valve leak: A comparative study using transesophageal echocardiography, transthoracic echocardiography, and auscultation
Authors: Chen Ying‐Tsung , Kan Mee‐Nin , Chen Jeng‐Sheng , Lin Wu‐Wei , Chang Micheal‐K , Hu Wei‐Shung , Hwang Dar‐San , Lee Du‐Yi , Hwang Shou‐Le , Chiang Benjamin N 
Published: February 2007

AbstractParavalvular leakage is a major complication of prosthetic valve dysfunction. Sixty‐one subjects with valvular heart disease who had received prosthetic mitral valve replacement 5 months to 5 years before (43 received a porcine prosthesis and 18 received Bjork‐Shiley valve prostheses) were evaluated for this complication. Careful auscultation was performed by two experienced cardiologists followed by transthoracic and transeosphageal echocardiography. Physiologic leaks were detected in all Bjork‐Shiley valves, but in only 30% of porcine valves using transesophageal echocardiography. These regurgitant jets were flame‐like, with mean low velocities of 50 ± 12.3 cm/sec and 48 ± 18.2 cm/sec in the two types of valves. Neither transthoracic echocardiography nor auscultation could detect physiological regurgitant jets. Ten cases with paravalvular leak were detected by transesophageal echocardiography and subsequently demonstrated by left ventriculography (7 Porcine, 3 Bjork‐Shiley valves). Pathologic regurgitant jets were seen as high‐velocity, systolic‐retrograde turbulent flow across the prosthesis. However, only 6 cases of prosthetic valve dys‐function were detected by transthoracic echocardiography, 4 cases of mild paravalvular leakage went undetected. Thirteen of the 61 subjects had an apical systolic murmur and suspected prosthetic valve leakage; in 10 of the 13 cases the findings corresponded to those obtained by transesophageal echocardiography. In 3 cases of double valve replacement with Bjork‐Shiley valves the magnitude of the leakage was overestimated by ausculation.
A teaching phantom for sonographers
Authors: Zagzebski Phd James A. , Madsen Phd Ernest L. , Frank Gary R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn anthropomorphic torso section phantom is described that is intended for use during initial stages of ultrasonographer training. The phantom represents a section of the upper abdomen, with simulated ribs, liver, kidney with fat pad, gallbladder, aorta, and bowel gas. Positioned in the liver are ten simulated soft tissue masses, which produce a variety of typical echographic patterns. All simulated soft tissue components are formed of tissue‐mimicking materials that match their corresponding tissue counterparts in terms of speed of sound, ultrasonic attenuation, and density. Construction details are presented and examples of images are shown.
Ultrasound of the common bile duct in patients undergoing cholecystectomy
Authors: Stott Mark A. , Farrands Paul A. , Guyer Peter B. , Dewbury Keith C. , Browning James J. , Sutton Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred patients undergoing cholecystectomy underwent ultrasonography of the biliary tree on the day prior to surgery. At operation a per‐operative cholangiogram was performed unless stones were palpable in the duct. Pre‐operative biliary ultrasonography accurately identified dilatation of the common bile duct (sensitivity 96%, specificity 95%) but was less accurate at detecting common duct stones (sensitivity 36%, specificity 98%). Thirty three percent of patients with dilated ducts on ultrasound did not have stones in the duct, while 20% of patients with common duct stones had normal sized ducts. We conclude that ultrasonography alone cannot reliably select patients who require exploration of the common bile duct, or select patients for operative cholangiography. Although pre‐operative demonstration of common bile duct dilatation is an absolute indication for operative cholangiography, by itself it does not indicate the need for exploration.
Hyperechogenic “rings” in the periphery of renal medullary pyramids as a sign of renal disease
Authors: Päivänsalo Markku J. , Kallioinen Matti J. , Merikanto Jukka S. , Jalovaara Pekka K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA rare sign of medullary abnormality, hyperechogenic “rings” in the peripheries of renal medullary pyramids, was detected in both kidneys in 21 patients, being associated with normally hypoechogenic medullary centers in 20 of these patients. Our results with 2 cases studied histologically suggest that fibrosis with and without calcifications is one reason for the hyperechogenicity of these medullary pyramids. The clinical history and laboratory tests (serum creatinine, proteinuria) showed signs of kidney disease in 52%, and a renal disease was suspected in an additional 38%. Eight of the patients had disturbances in blood potassium, calcium, or uric acid equilibrium, and 2 of them had a parathyroid abnormality. Calcifications were found on plain radiographs of the abdomen in 1 of the 13 patients. Two were totally asymptomatic and had normal laboratory findings. Hyperechogenic rings in the peripheries of renal medullary pyramids proved nonspecific and showed a poor correlation with the severity of renal disease.
Ultrasound guidance for biopsy of omental abnormalities
Authors: Sistrom Chris L. , Abbitt Patricia L. , Feldman Philip S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe review our two‐year experience with ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration biopsy of omental pathology. Eleven patients were referred for biopsy of omental abnormalities. Biopsy was performed without complication in all cases and the asprates were positive for malignancy in 9. The discharge diagnosis was ovarian carcinoma in 6 patients, adenocarcinoma of unknown origin in 1, lymphoma in 1, and carcinoma of the colon in 1. The technique requires the use of a linear array transducer for biopsy guidance, and is safe, rapid, and easy to perform.
Effect of measurement variability on Rossavik growth model specification and prediction of growth outcome at birth
Authors: Simon Nicolas V. , Deter Russell L. , Kofinas Alexander D. , Grow Daniel R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have studied how variability in second‐trimester ultrasound measurements affects the process of fetal growth evaluation based on individual fetal growth curve standards specified by Rossavik growth models. The head and abdominal short axes of two second‐trimester scans of a patient with normal fetal growth were increased or decreased by increments ranging from 0.1 cm to values equal to the two standard deviations of the interobserver variability for these measurements—i.e., 0.3 cm for head short axis and 0.4 cm for abdominal short axis. The largest increments affected the Growth Potential Realization Index for weight at birth by 1% to 13% when applied to head short axis, and by 2% when applied to abdominal short axis. In contrast, the same increments had little effect (1%) on the Growth Potential Realization Indices for head and abdominal circumferences. Whereas 0.1‐cm increments had no effect on any of the individual growth models or predicted birth characteristics, some combinations of these small errors involving both head and abdominal short axes changed the Growth Potential Realization Index for weight by as much as 15%, and those for head and abdominal circumferences by 3% and 8%, respectively. Under some scenarios, fetal growth status could be falsely classified as normal or abnormal. These results show that the reliability of individualized growth assessment depends to a great extent on excellent ultrasound technique, at least for certain parameters.
Ultrasonic detection of viscera slide as an indicator of abdominal wall adhesions
Authors: Kodama Issei , Loiacono Laurie A. , Sigel Bernard , Machi Junji , Golub Robert M. , Parsons Richard E. , Justin Jeffery , Zaren Howard A. , Sachdeva Ajit K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractReal‐time ultrasonography can detect the movement of viscera immediately deep to the abdominal wall. This motion of abdominal contents is called viscera slide, and is produced by the force of respiratory motion (spontaneous viscera slide) or by manual ballottement of the abdomen (induced viscera slide). Viscera slide was observed in 18 “normal” subjects (no history of previous abdominal surgery or peritonitis) and in 24 subjects at “risk” for abdominal wall adhesions because of previous abdominal operations or past history of peritonitis. In 14 of the 24 “risk” group subjects, spontaneous and induced viscera slide was restricted to excursions of less than 1 cm (58.3%). Operations were performed on 18 patients, which confirmed the fact that restriction of ultrasonically detected viscera slide identified abdominal wall adhesions in all cases, but no adhesions were found in patients with normal viscera slide. This ultrasonic finding of restricted viscera slide may be useful in the preoperative discovery and localization of abdominal wall adhesions prior to laparoscopy or laparotomy.
Ecographic epidemiology of non‐parasitic hepatic cysts
Authors: Caremani Marcello , Vincenti Antonella , Benci Antonio , Sassoli Serenella , Tacconi Danilo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn analysis of the epidemiology of non‐parasitic hepatic cysts (NPHCs) has been carried out comparing these data with those of the current literature. This sample shows an incidence of 4.65%, which is greater than those reported by other authors. No difference between the two sexes was seen, but a very high incidence above 40 years of age was found. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Doppler ultrasound findings in tubo‐ovarian infectious complex
Authors: Tinkanen Helena , Kujansuu Erkki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTen women with tubo‐ovarian infectious complex caused by pelvic inflammatory disease were investigated with vaginal Doppler sonography during the acute and healing phase of the infection. Doppler velocity waveforms were quantitated by the resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI). A low resistance blood flow was found at the margin of the infectious complex. An RI value <0.5 was detected in 6 patients in the acute or subacute phase of infection. The severity of the infection as determined by C‐reactive protein values was inversely correlated to RI and PI. The process of angioneogenesis is speculated to be responsible for this increased flow. The tubo‐ovarian infectious process must be remembered in the differential diagnosis, when an adnexal mass with low resistance blood flow is found in the ultrasound examination. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A comparison between preoperative magnetic resonance and intraoperative ultrasound tumor volumes and margins
Authors: Leroux Peter D. , Winter Thomas C. , Berger Michel S. , Mack Lawrence A. , Wang Keith , Elliott J. Paul 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA major obstacle in surgical neuro‐oncology is differentiating the interface between tumor and normal brain. Twenty‐two brain tumors were evaluated preoperatively with magnetic resonance imaging. Intraoperative ultrasonography was used to guide suggical resection of these tumors, and results were compared with surgical and pathologic findings. Ultrasound tumor volume estimates were larger than T1 gadolinium‐enhanced and T1 non‐gadolinium‐enhanced volumes, but these differences did not reach statistical significance. Similarly T2 volumes were larger than the corresponding sonographic volumes, except for the subset of low‐grade gliomas, and in that instance the difference was small, but again the differences were not statistically significant. Ultrasonography enhanced identification of infiltrating tumor cells beyond falsely underestimated tumor margins as defined by T1 images. Ultrasound images helped differentiate edema as seen on T2 images from solid tumor and normal brain. The information gained from ultrasound images can be used to enhance tumor resection and improve patient survival and quality of life. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
In vivo measurements of frequency‐dependent attenuation in tumors of the liver
Authors: Dong Bao‐Wei , Wang Ming , Xie Ke , Chen Min‐Hua 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUltrasonic frequency‐dependent attenuation (FDA) coefficients of the liver obtained from selected regions of interest within the liver were determined in 106 individuals, 40 cases presumed normal based on medical histories and 66 with malignant tumors (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] or metastatic liver tumor) or benign tumors (hepatic hemangioma, hepatic adenoma, or focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver). All liver tumors were confirmed histopathologically by ultrasonically guided fine‐needle biopsy and/or operation. Mean attenuation of normal liver was 0.53 ± 0.03 dB/cm/MHz, 0.29 ± 0.05 dB/cm/MHz in hepatic hemangioma, 0.43 ± 0.05 dB/cm/MHz in HCC, and 0.41 ± 0.12 dB/cm/MHz in metastatic liver tumor. Hepatic adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver produced higher values, averaging 0.66 ± 0.09 dB/cm/MHz. This difference between malignant and benign tumors was statistically significant. There was some correlation between the FDA for the hepatic tumor and the histopathology that merits further investigation. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Cold thyroid nodules: A new application of percutaneous ethanol injection treatment
Authors: Goletti Orlando , Monzani Fabio , Lenziardi Massimo , Lippolis Piero Vincenzo , De Negri Ferdinando , Caraccio Nadia , Cavina Enrico , Baschieri Lidio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSonographically guided percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) has been recently used with excellent results in the treatment of toxic and pretoxic thyroid adenoma. The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of PEI also in the treatment of “cold” thyroid nodules. Twenty patients, each with a single thyroid nodule, underwent PEI. In all cases the nodules were found to be cold by thyroid scintiscan. A total of 16.1 mL ± 3.1 mL of ethanol was injected once a week. No adverse effects were observed during therapy. A striking nodular shrinkage was obtained in all cases, ranging from 72.8% to 97.6% (mean 84.5%, p < 0.001 vs pretreatment volume). These preliminary results suggest that PEI is an effective and safe therapy that may be useful in the treatment of thyroid nodules as an alternative to other therapies (surgery, L‐thyroxine). © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Neurosonographic findings in full‐term infants born to maternal cocaine abusers: Visualization of subependymal and periventricular cysts
Authors: Cohen Harris L. , Sloves James H. , Laungani Sheila , Glass Leonard , Demarinis Patricia 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNeuroanatomical abnormalities have been linked to maternal cocaine abuse since Chasnoff et al's report of cerebral infarction in a single full‐term offspring of a cocaine‐abusing mother. Neurosonography was performed on 18 full‐term offspring of cocaine‐abusing mothers and 19 age‐matched controls to look for possible abnormalities. There were no cases of infarction or intraparenchymal or intraventricular hemorrhage. There were, however, 6 patients with abnormalities among the cocaine‐abusing group: 5 patients with unilateral or bilateral germinal matrix cysts and 3 patients with subtle cystic or predominantly cystic areas in watershed zones consistent with periventricular leukomalacia. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Sonographic features of colon carcinoma seen with high‐frequency transabdominal ultrasound
Authors: Shirahama Masafumi , Koga Takafumi , Ishibashi Hiromi , Uchida Satoshi , Ohta Yoshiro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo assess the value of high‐frequency ultrasonography as a diagnostic imaging procedure in patients with colon carcinoma, we first evaluated the sonograms of 37 patients who had been already diagnosed with contrast enema and/or colonoscopy as having colon carcinoma. As a result, the sonographic criteria for diagnosis of a possible colon carcinoma were (1) a localized and irregular thickening of the colonic wall with heterogenous low echogenicity, (2) an irregular contour, (3) a lack of demonstrable movement or change of configuration of the bowel on real‐time scanning, and (4) absence of wall stratification. During the last 4 years, 41 consecutive patients had findings meeting our sonographic criteria. In 37 patients (90%), the presence of colon carcinoma was confirmed by contrast enema and/or colonoscopy. Our study suggests that high‐frequency real‐time ultrasonography may be a useful imaging technique in diagnosis of colon carcinoma. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Diagnostic usefulness of thyroid ultrasonography in atrophic thyroiditis
Authors: Vitti Paolo , Lampis Marco , Piga Mario , Loviselli Andrea , Brogioni Sandra , Rago Teresa , Pinchera Aldo , Martino Enio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn abnormal thyroid echographic pattern, characterized by a diffuse low thyroid echogenicity associated with a reduced thyroid volume, was found in 53 of 55 (96%) patients with atrophic thyroiditis. In 10 of these patients, the ultrasound examination was diagnostic for thyroid atrophy, whereas the scintiscan had no abnormality. In only two cases was the reverse observed, ie, absent thyroid radioiodine uptake and no evidence of abnormality in the ultrasound examination. Six out of 24 (25%) patients with thyroperoxidase antibody titers ⩽ 1:1600 and 4 of 31 (13%) patients with titers ≥ 1:6400 had a normal thyroid scintiscan in the presence of an abnormal thyroid echographic pattern.Thus, thyroid echography can be considered the first morphological procedure in patients with hypothyroidism due to atrophic thyroiditis, and thyroid scintiscan can be used to confirm the diagnosis when other results are not definitive. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Sonographic determination of first trimester umbilical cord length
Authors: Hill Lyndon M. , DiNofrio Dawn M. , Guzick David 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUmbilical cord length was measured sonographically in 53 normal fetuses and 15 fetuses with an intrauterine demise. The age of the fetuses ranged from 6.1 weeks to 11 weeks, menstrual age. Intra‐ and interobserver differences in measurements were not significantly different from zero. A close linear relationship (r2 = 0.89) was found between umbilical cord length and menstrual age in the normal group. The cord lengths of 9 of 15 fetuses (60%) with an intrauterine fetal demise were more than 2 SD below the expected value for menstrual age in normal fetuses. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Measurement of blood flow velocity in the basal cerebral circulation: Advantages of transcranial color‐coded sonography over conventional transcranial doppler
Authors: Martin P. J. , Evans D. H. , Naylor A. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUnlike conventional transcranial Doppler (TCD), transcranial color‐coded sonography (TCCS) enables imaging of the basal cerebral arteries using color‐flow ultrasonography and correction for the angle of insonation when determining blood flow velocities. We present hemodynamic data from 20 normal subjects, each studied with TCD and TCCS.Velocities derived using TCCS with angle correction were significantly greater than those derived using TCD in all vessels (mean velocities [cm/sec; mean with 95% confidence intervals])—anterior cerebral artery: TCD 48 (45–50), TCCS 62 (58–66), p < .0001; middle cerebral artery: TCD 61 (58–64), TCCS 70 (66–74), p < .0001; posterior cerebral artery: TCD 43 (41–46), TCCS 54 (50–57), p < .0001; basilar artery: TCD 40 (34–45), TCCS 45 (38–52), p <.01. Pulsatility index values were significantly greater in all arteries when determined by TCCS, and resistance index values were significantly greater except in the basilar artery. Correcting for the angle of insonation using TCCS may enable estimation of blood flow velocities closer to the “true” values than those derived using conventional TCD. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A case of extrahepatic portal vein aneurysm accompanying lupoid hepatitis
Authors: Itoh Yuko , Kawasaki Toshihiko , Nishikawa Haruhiro , Ochi Jiro , Miura Kensuke , Moriyasu Fuminori 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPortal vein aneurysm, especially that of the extrahepatic portal vein, is a very rare entity. We recently observed a case of aneurysm at the junction of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein which accompanied lupoid hepatitis. Abdominal ultrasonography, color Doppler ultrasonography, abdominal computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and angiography revealed a portal vein aneurysm that increased in size after a period of about 10 months. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Effect of Fixative on Chromatin Structure and DNA Detection
Authors: Falconi Mirella , Teti Gabriella , Zago Michela , Pelotti Susi , Gobbi Pietro , Breschi Lorenzo , Mazzotti Giovanni 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this study, we analyzed the chromatin ultrastructure in interphase cells after different chemical fixations. In light of the fact that there is little information regarding the fixation of biological samples in combination with molecular biology methods (such as DNA extraction and in situ hybridization methods) we analyzed the ultrastructure of chromatin in interphase cells fixed with different fixatives and tested under the same conditions for both DNA extraction and in situ hybridization. The results showed that, among the different combinations and concentrations we analyzed, the solution of 4% paraformaldehyde/0.1% glutaraldehyde was the best compromise in order to achieve a well‐preserved morphology, successful DNA extraction, and specific signaling of in situ hybridization, suggesting a low interference of this fixative with the chromatin organization. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.