bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Irreducible representations of the Poincaré group with reflections and two-fold Wigner degeneracy
Authors: Ahluwalia Dharam Vir , de Gracia G. B. , Hoff da Silva Julio M. , Lee Cheng-Yang , Pimentel B. M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Not all complete set of spinors can be used as expansion coefficients of a quantum field. In fact, Steven Weinberg established the uniqueness of Dirac spinors for this purpose provided: (a) one paid due attention to the multiplicative phases for each of the spinors, and (b) one paired these to creation and annihilation operators in a specific manner. This is implicit in his implementation of the rotational symmetry for the spin half quantum field. Among the numerous complete set of spinors that are available to a physicist, Elko occupies a unique status that allows it to enter as expansion coefficients of a quantum field without violating Weinberg’s no go theorem. How this paradigm changing claim arises is the primary subject of this communication. Weinberg’s no go theorem is evaded by exploiting a uniquely special feature of Elko that allows us to introduce a doubling of the particle-antiparticle degrees of freedom from four to eight. Weinberg had dismissed this degeneracy on the ground that, “no examples are known of particles that furnish unconventional representations of inversions.” Here we will find that this degeneracy, once envisioned by Eugene Wigner, in fact gives rise to a quantum field that has all the theoretical properties required of dark matter.
On the oscillating electric dipole moment induced by axion-fermion couplings
Authors: Di Luzio Luca , Gisbert Hector , Sørensen Philip 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
It has been recently claimed that the axion coupling to fermions is responsible for an oscillating electric dipole moment (EDM) in the background of axion dark matter. In this work, we re-examine the derivation of this effect. Contrary to previous studies, we point out the physical relevance of an axion boundary term, which is crucial in restoring the axion shift symmetry and drastically affects the EDM phenomenology. To describe the latter, we introduce the notion of a time-averaged effective axion EDM, which encodes the boundary term and whose magnitude depends on the oscillation regime. For slow oscillations, the boundary term washes out the standard oscillating EDM, resulting in an exact cancellation in the static limit. Conversely, during fast oscillations, the boundary term amplifies the effective EDM relatively to the standard EDM contribution. This observable is especially interesting in the case of the electron EDM. For an $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(1) axion-electron coupling, the overall size of the effective EDM in the regime of intermediate or fast oscillations is comparable to the present static EDM limit.
Is the Euclidean path integral always equal to the thermal partition function?
Authors: Diakonov D. V. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The Euclidean path integral is compared to the thermal (canonical) partition function in curved static space-times. It is shown that if spatial sections are non-compact and there is no Killing horizon, the logarithms of these two quantities differ only by a term proportional to the inverse temperature, that arises from the vacuum energy. When spatial sections are bordered by Killing horizons the Euclidean path integral is not equal to the thermal partition function. It is shown that the expression for the Euclidean path integral depends on which integral is taken first: over coordinates or over momenta. In the first case the Euclidean path integral depends on the scattering phase shift of the mode and it is UV diverge. In the second case it is the total derivative and diverge on the horizon. Furthermore we demonstrate that there are three different definitions of the energy, and the derivative with respect to the inverse temperature of the Euclidean path integral does not give the value of any of these three types of energy. We also propose the new method of computation of the Euclidean path integral that gives the correct equality between the Euclidean path integral and thermal partition function for non-compact spaces with and without Killing horizon.
Ruled Surfaces in 3-Dimensional Riemannian Manifolds
Authors: López Marco Castrillón , Rosado M. Eugenia , Soria Alberto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this work, ruled surfaces in 3-dimensional Riemannian manifolds are studied. We determine the expressions for the extrinsic and sectional curvatures of a parametrized ruled surface, where the former one is shown to be non-positive. We also quantify the set of ruling vector fields along a given base curve which allows us to define a relevant reference frame that we refer to as Sannia frame. The fundamental theorem of existence and equivalence of Sannia ruled surfaces in terms of a system of invariants is given. The second part of the article tackles the concept of the striction curve, which is proven to be the set of points where the so-called Jacobi evolution function vanishes on a ruled surface. This characterisation of striction curves provides independent proof for their existence and uniqueness in space forms and disproves their existence or uniqueness in some other cases.
Identification of the role of DAB2 and CXCL8 in uterine spiral artery remodeling in early-onset preeclampsia
Authors: Liu Yu , Du Lili , Gu Shifeng , Liang Jingying , Huang Minshan , Huang Lijun , Lai Siying , Zhang Shuang , Tu Zhaowei , Sun Wei , Chen Dunjin , Chen Jingsi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Aberrant remodeling of uterine spiral arteries (SPA) is strongly associated with the pathogenesis of early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE). However, the complexities of SPA transformation remain inadequately understood. We conducted a single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of whole placental tissues derived from patients with EOPE and their corresponding controls, identified DAB2 as a key gene of interest and explored the mechanism underlying the communication between Extravillous trophoblast cells (EVTs) and decidual vascular smooth muscle cells (dVSMC) through cell models and a placenta-decidua coculture (PDC) model in vitro. DAB2 enhanced the motility and viability of HTR-8/SVneo cells. After exposure to conditioned medium (CM) from HTR-8/SVneoshNC cells, hVSMCs exhibited a rounded morphology, indicative of dedifferentiation, while CM-HTR-8/SVneoshDAB2 cells displayed a spindle-like morphology. Furthermore, the PDC model demonstrated that CM-HTR-8/SVneoshDAB2 was less conducive to vascular remodeling. Further in-depth mechanistic investigations revealed that C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8, also known as IL8) is a pivotal regulator governing the dedifferentiation of dVSMC. DAB2 expression in EVTs is critical for orchestrating the phenotypic transition and motility of dVSMC. These processes may be intricately linked to the CXCL8/PI3K/AKT pathway, underscoring its central role in intricate SPA remodeling.

Graphical abstract
Stratospheric Gravity Waves Impact on Infrasound Transmission Losses Across the International Monitoring System
Authors: Listowski C. , Stephan C. C. , Le Pichon A. , Hauchecorne A. , Kim Y.-H. , Achatz U. , Bölöni G. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe international monitoring system (IMS) has been put in place to monitor compliance with the comprehensive nuclear-test-ban treaty (CTBT). Its infrasound component, dedicated to the monitoring of atmospheric events, gives also room to civil applications (e.g. monitoring of volcanic eruptions, meteorites, severe weather). Infrasound detection capabilities are largely determined by the state of the middle atmosphere. This requires an accurate knowledge of the atmospheric processes at play. More particularly internal gravity waves (GW) pose a challenge to atmospheric modelling because of unresolved processes. Using high-resolution simulation outputs over winter 2020 (20 January–1 March) we present a method to assess the impact of GW on infrasound surface transmission losses across the IMS. We validate the method by comparing simulated GW perturbations to GW lidar observations at Observatoire de Haute-Provence in France, and satellite-based GW energy estimations globally. We perform propagation simulations using atmospheric specifications where GW are filtered out and kept in, respectively. We demonstrate that the largest impact of GW across the IMS is not where GW activity is the largest, but rather where GW activity combines with infrasound waveguides not firmly set in a given direction. In northern winter, the largest variations of transmission losses at 1 Hz due to GW occur in the southern (summer) hemisphere in the direction of the main guide (westward propagation), with average values ranging between 10 and 25 dB in the first shadow zone. It corresponds to an average signal amplification of at least a factor 5 to 15, while this amplification is around 2 to 5 for the main guide in the northern winter hemisphere (eastward propagation).
Global Nilpotent Reversible Centers with Cubic Nonlinearities Symmetric with Respect to the x-Axis
Authors: Corbera Montserrat , Valls Claudia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLet $$P_3(x,y)$$

P
3

(
x
,
y
)

and $$Q_3(x,y)$$

Q
3

(
x
,
y
)

be polynomials of degree three without constant or linear terms. We characterize the global centers of all polynomial differential systems of the form $$\dot{x} = y+ P_3(x,y)$$

x
˙

=
y
+

P
3

(
x
,
y
)

, $$\dot{y} =Q_3(x,y)$$

y
˙

=

Q
3

(
x
,
y
)

that are reversible and invariant with respect to the x-axis.
Potential of cold-atom airborne gravimetry to improve coastal gravity field and quasigeoid modelling
Authors: Vu Dinh Toan , Bonvalot Sylvain , Seoane Lucia , Gabalda Germinal , Remy Dominique , Bruinsma Sean , Bidel Yannick , Bresson Alexandre , Zahzam Nassim , Rouxel Didier , Salaün Corinne , Lalancette Marie-Françoise , Forsberg René , Jensen Tim , Jamet Olivier 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe investigate using the GIRAFE cold-atom gravimeter during an airborne gravity survey for improving gravity field and quasigeoid modelling. The study is conducted over the Bay of Biscay, France. Geoid/quasigeoid determination is usually a major challenge over such coastal areas due to scarce and inconsistent gravity data. In a first step, the GIRAFE dataset is analysed and compared with available surface gravity data as well as with global altimetry models from UCSD and DTU. The comparisons indicate that the DTU model is better than the UCSD model within around 10 km from the coastline. Furthermore, recent satellite altimeter missions significantly improve the altimetry models in coastal areas. A significant bias (− 4.00 mGal) in shipborne data is also found from this comparison. In a second step, eight quasigeoid solutions are calculated to evaluate the contribution of GIRAFE data. This contribution reaches 3 cm in terms of height anomaly for DTU21 while being much larger for UCSDv31 and shipborne data. Finally, the quasigeoid solutions are validated using GNSS-levelling data. The results indicate that using GIRAFE data improves by approximately 50% the quality of quasigeoid models over land near the coast. The highest accuracy, around 1 cm, is achieved when GIRAFE data are merged with refined gravity data. Importantly, the standard deviation is just 1.2 cm when compared with GNSS-levelling points if using only GIRAFE data over marine areas, which is very close to the 1 cm goal of geoid/quasigeoid model determination in modern geodesy. This study thus confirms the benefits of performing airborne gravity survey using quantum sensors.
Stability of the surface diffusion flow and volume-preserving mean curvature flow in the flat torus
Authors: De Gennaro Daniele , Diana Antonia , Kubin Andrea , Kubin Anna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe prove that, in the flat torus and in any dimension, the volume-preserving mean curvature flow and the surface diffusion flow, starting $$C^{1,1}$$

C

1
,
1

-close to a strictly stable critical set of the perimeter E, exist for all times and converge to a translate of E exponentially fast as time goes to infinity.
Simples in a cotilting heart
Authors: Angeleri Hügel Lidia , Herzog Ivo , Laking Rosanna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEvery cotilting module over a ring R induces a t-structure with a Grothendieck heart in the derived category D(Mod-R). We determine the simple objects in this heart and their injective envelopes, combining torsion-theoretic aspects with methods from the model theory of modules and Auslander-Reiten theory.
Leveraging meta-regression to test if medication effects on cue-induced craving are associated with clinical efficacy
Authors: Nieto Steven J. , Du Han , Meredith Lindsay R. , Donato Suzanna , Magill Molly , Ray Lara A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Rationale
The alcohol cue exposure paradigm is a common method for evaluating new treatments for alcohol use disorder (AUD); however, it is unclear if medication-related reductions in cue-induced craving in the human laboratory can predict the clinical success of those medications in reducing alcohol consumption during clinical trials.

Objectives
To use a novel meta-analytic approach to test whether medication effect sizes on cue-induced alcohol craving are associated with clinical efficacy in clinical trials.

Method
We searched the literature for medications tested for AUD treatment using both the alcohol cue-reactivity paradigm and randomized clinical trials (RCTs). For alcohol cue-reactivity studies, we computed medication effect sizes for cue-induced alcohol craving (k = 36 studies, 15 medications). For RCTs, we calculated medication effect sizes for heavy drinking and abstinence (k = 139 studies, 19 medications). Using medication as the unit of analysis, we applied the Williamson-York bivariate weighted least squares estimation to account for errors in both independent and dependent variables. We also conducted leave-one-out cross validation simulations to examine the predictive utility of cue-craving medication effect sizes on RCT heavy drinking and abstinence endpoints.

Results
There was no significant relationship between medication effects on cue-induced alcohol craving in the human laboratory and medication effects on heavy drinking ($$\widehat{\beta }$$

β
^

= 0.253, SE = 0.189, p = 0.090) and abstinence ($$\widehat{\beta }$$

β
^

= 0.829, SE = 0.747, p = 0.133) in RCTs.

Conclusions
The preliminary results of the current study challenge the assumption that alcohol cue-reactivity alone can be used as an early efficacy indicator for AUD pharmacotherapy development. These findings suggest that a wider range of early efficacy indicators and experimental paradigms be considered for Phase II testing of novel compounds.
Diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of congenital mesoblastic nephroma: a retrospective multi-center International Society of Pediatric Oncology-Renal Tumor Study Group (SIOP-RTSG) radiology panel study
Authors: van der Beek Justine N. , Schenk Jens-Peter , Morosi Carlo , Watson Tom A. , Coma Ana , Graf Norbert , Chowdhury Tanzina , Ramírez-Villar Gema L. , Spreafico Filippo , Welter Nils , Dzhuma Kristina , van Tinteren Harm , de Krijger Ronald R. , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. , Littooij Annemieke S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Congenital mesoblastic nephroma is the most common solid renal tumor in neonates. Therefore, patients <3 months of age are advised to undergo upfront nephrectomy, whereas invasive procedures at diagnosis in patients ≥3 months of age are discouraged by the International Society of Pediatric Oncology-Renal Tumor Study Group (SIOP-RTSG). Nevertheless, discriminating congenital mesoblastic nephroma, especially from the more common Wilms tumor, solely based on imaging remains difficult. Recently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become the preferred modality. Studies focusing on MRI characteristics of congenital mesoblastic nephroma are limited.

Objective
This study aims to identify diagnostic MRI characteristics of congenital mesoblastic nephroma in the largest series of patients to date.

Materials and methods
In this retrospective multicenter study, five SIOP-RTSG national review radiologists identified 52 diagnostic MRIs of histologically proven congenital mesoblastic nephromas. MRI was performed following SIOP-RTSG protocols, while radiologists assessed their national cases using a validated case report form.

Results
Patients (24/52 classic, 11/52 cellular, and 15/52 mixed type congenital mesoblastic nephroma, 2/52 unknown) had a median age of 1 month (range 1 day–3 months). Classic type congenital mesoblastic nephroma appeared homogeneous with a lack of hemorrhage, necrosis and/or cysts, showing a concentric ring sign in 14 (58.3%) patients. Cellular and mixed type congenital mesoblastic nephroma appeared more heterogeneous and were larger (311.6 and 174.2 cm3, respectively, versus 41.0 cm3 for the classic type (P<0.001)). All cases were predominantly T2-weighted isointense and T1-weighted hypointense, and mean overall apparent diffusion coefficient values ranged from 1.05–1.10×10−3 mm2/s.

Conclusion
This retrospective international collaborative study showed classic type congenital mesoblastic nephroma predominantly presented as a homogeneous T2-weighted isointense mass with a typical concentric ring sign, whereas the cellular type appeared more heterogeneous. Future studies may use identified MRI characteristic of congenital mesoblastic nephroma for validation and for exploring the discriminative non-invasive value of MRI, especially from Wilms tumor.

Graphical Abstract
Reaction of KHP with excess NaOH or TRIS as standard reactions for calibration of titration calorimeters from 0 to 60 °C
Authors: Kenealey Jason D. , Bastos Margarida , Assaf Zaid , Bai Guangyue , Zhao Wenqi , Jarrard Tyler , Tower Colter , Hansen Lee D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCalibration of titration calorimeters is an ongoing problem, particularly with calorimeters with reaction vessel volumes < 10 mL in which an electrical calibration heater is positioned outside the calorimetric vessel. Consequently, a chemical reaction with a known enthalpy change must be used to accurately calibrate these calorimeters. This work proposes the use of standard solutions of potassium acid phthalate (KHP) titrated into solutions of excess sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or excess tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (TRIS) as standard reactions to determine the collective accuracy of the relevant variables in a determination of the molar enthalpy change for a reaction. KHP is readily available in high purity, weighable for easy preparation of solutions with accurately known concentrations, stable in solution, not compromised by side reactions with common contaminants such as atmospheric CO2, and non-corrosive to materials used in calorimeter construction. Molar enthalpy changes for these reactions were calculated from 0 to 60 °C from reliable literature data for the pKa of KHP, the molar enthalpy change for protonation of TRIS, and the molar enthalpy change for ionization of water. The feasibility of using these reactions as enthalpic standards was tested in several calorimeters; a 50 mL CSC 4300, a 185 μL NanoITC, a 1.4 mL VP-ITC, and a TAM III with 1 mL reaction vessels. The results from the 50 mL CSC 4300, which was accurately calibrated with an electric heater, verified the accuracy of the calculated standard values for the molar enthalpy changes of the proposed reactions.
Single and basal crop coefficients for estimation of water requirements of subtropical and tropical orchards and plantations with consideration of fraction of ground cover, height, and training system
Authors: Paredes Paula , Petry Mirta T. , Oliveira Cristina M. , Montoya Francisco , López-Urrea Ramón , Pereira Luis S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper provides an overview of the research carried out over the last 25 years on the FAO56 single and basal crop coefficients of subtropical and tropical orchards and plantations of cactus pear, dragon fruit, fig, jujube, passion fruit, pomegranate, cape gooseberry, cherimoya, guava, longan, lychee, mango, papaya, acerola, carambola, cashew, cacao, coffee, jaboticaba, jatropha, macadamia, açai palm, coconut, date palm, guayule, oil palm, peach palm, ramie and rubber tree. The main objective of this review is to update standard single crop coefficients (Kc) and basal crop coefficients (Kcb) and complete the Kc and Kcb values tabulated in FAO56. Kc is the ratio between the non-stressed crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and the grass reference evapotranspiration (ETo), and Kcb is the ratio between the crop transpiration (Tc) and the ETo. When selecting and analysing the literature, only studies that used the FAO Penman–Monteith equation, or another equation well related to the former to compute ETo were considered, while ETc or Tc were obtained from accurate field measurements on crops under pristine (non-stress cropping conditions) or eustress (“good stress”) conditions. Articles meeting these conditions were selected to provide data for updating Kc and Kcb under standard conditions. The related description of orchards and plantations refers to crop cultivar and rootstock, irrigation systems and scheduling, planting spacing, fraction of ground cover (fc) by the crops, crop height (h), crop age and training systems, as Kc and Kcb values depend on these characteristics. To define the standard Kc and Kcb values of the selected crops, the values collected in the literature were compared with previously tabulated standard Kc and Kcb values. The updated tabulated values are transferable to other locations and climates and can be used to calculate and model crop water requirements, primarily for irrigation planning and scheduling, and thereby supporting of improved water use and savings, which is the overall aim of the current review.
Role of oxygen reserve index monitoring in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a retrospective study
Authors: Ryu Jung-Hee , Jeon Young-Tae , Sim Kyu Man , Lee Soowon , Oh Ah-Young , Koo Chang-Hoon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is a common surgical procedure for the treatment of prostate cancer. Although beneficial, it can lead to intraoperative hypoxia due to high-pressure pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg position. This study explored the use of oxygen reserve index (ORi) to monitor and predict hypoxia during RARP.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 329 patients who underwent RARP at the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital between July 2021 and March 2023. Various pre- and intraoperative variables were collected, including ORi values. The relationship between ORi values and hypoxia occurrence was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves and logistic regression analysis.

Results
Intraoperative hypoxia occurred in 18.8% of the patients. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed a satisfactory area under the curve of 0.762, with the ideal ORi cut-off value for predicting hypoxia set at 0.16. Sensitivity and specificity were 64.5% and 75.7%, respectively. An ORi value of < 0.16 and a higher body mass index were identified as independent risk factors of hypoxia during RARP.

Conclusions
ORi monitoring provides a non-invasive approach to predict intraoperative hypoxia during RARP, enabling early management. Additionally, the significant relationship between a higher body mass index and hypoxia underscores the importance of individualized patient assessment.