bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Miniaturized IPD bandpass filter with controllable transmission zero based on modified lumped T‐section
Authors: Qi Yanzhu , Cao Yazi , Yuan Bo , Chen Shichang , Wang Gaofeng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this letter, a miniaturized bandpass filter (BPF) with controllable transmission zero (TZ) based on one lumped T‐section is proposed. To enhance rejection in the BPF, a modified T‐section circuit is introduced to generate a controllable TZ that can be readily adjusted by the LC values. To validate the performance, the proposed BPF is fabricated using integrated passive device technology on silicon. The measurement results show that the achievable bandwidth covers 2.4–2.5 GHz, with an insertion loss less than 2.6 dB and a measured return loss less than −15 dB. The fabricated BPF has a compact size of 1.3 mm × 0.8 mm (i.e., 0.0113 λ0 × 0.0069 λ0). The simulated and measured results of the BPF are in reasonably good agreement.
A systematic review of combined surgery and brachytherapy approaches for children and young people with relapsed and refractory rhabdomyosarcoma (Local‐REFoRMS)
Authors: Ballantyne Euan , Evans Connor , Shepherd Lucy , Fulbright Helen , Wakeling Sara , Phillips Bob , Morgan Jessica E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractApproximately one third of children with rhabdomyosarcoma relapse or have refractory disease. Treatment approaches include a combination of systemic therapies and local therapies, directed at tumour site(s). This review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the combination of surgery and brachytherapy as local therapy for treating children and young people with relapsed/refractory rhabdomyosarcoma. This review identified studies based on a previous systematic review looking at the treatments for children and young people under 18 years old with relapsed/refractory rhabdomyosarcoma. Studies conducted after 2000 were included. Survival outcomes, relapse rates, adverse events and functional outcomes were extracted. From 16,965 records identified in the baseline systematic review, 205 included the words ‘AMORE’ or ‘brachytherapy’, and were screened for eligibility in this substudy. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria for Local‐REFoRMS, including over 55 relapsed and refractory rhabdomyosarcoma patients. Most studies were retrospective cohort studies conducted within Europe. Most patients had embryonal disease within the head and neck or bladder/prostate regions, and received local therapy for first relapse. Approximately one quarter of patients relapsed following surgery and brachytherapy, with local relapses occurring more than metastatic relapse. Adverse events and functional outcomes were infrequently reported, but related to the site of surgery and brachytherapy. Study quality was limited by inconsistent reporting and potential selection bias. Outcomes following surgery and brachytherapy for a selected group of relapsed and refractory rhabdomyosarcoma show reasonable benefits, but reporting was often unclear and based on small sample sizes.
Using local knowledge to reconstruct climate‐mediated changes in disease dynamics and yield—A case study on Arabica coffee in its native range
Authors: Ayalew Biruk , Hylander Kristoffer , Börjeson Lowe , Adugna Girma , Beche Dinkissa , Zignol Francesco , Tack Ayco J. M. 
Published: April 2024

Societal Impact StatementAdapting agriculture to climate change requires an understanding of the long‐term relationship between climate, disease dynamics, and yield. While some countries have monitored major crop diseases for decades or centuries, comparable data is scarce or non‐existent for many countries that are most vulnerable to climate change. For this, a novel approach was developed to reconstruct climate‐mediated changes in disease dynamics and yield. Here, a case study on Arabica coffee in its area of origin demonstrates how to combine local knowledge, climate data, and spatial field surveys to reconstruct disease and yield time series and to postulate and test hypotheses for climate–disease–yield relationships.Summary

While some countries have monitored crop diseases for several decades or centuries, other countries have very limited historical time series. In such areas, we lack data on long‐term patterns and drivers of disease dynamics, which is important for developing climate‐resilient disease management strategies.
We adopted a novel approach, combining local knowledge, climate data, and spatial field surveys to understand long‐term climate‐mediated changes in disease dynamics in coffee agroforestry systems. For this, we worked with 58 smallholder farmers in southwestern Ethiopia, the area of origin of Arabica coffee.
The majority of farmers perceived an increase in coffee leaf rust and a decrease in coffee berry disease, whereas perceptions of changes in coffee wilt disease and Armillaria root rot were highly variable among farmers. Climate data supported farmers' understanding of the climatic drivers (increased temperature, less rainy days) of these changes. Temporal disease‐climate relationships were matched by spatial disease‐climate relationships, as expected with space‐for‐time substitution.
Understanding long‐term disease dynamics and yield is crucial to adapt disease management to climate change. Our study demonstrates how to combine local knowledge, climate data and spatial field surveys to reconstruct disease time series and postulate hypotheses for disease‐climate relationships in areas where few long‐term time series exist.
Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist in preterm infants: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lefevere Julie , van Delft Brenda , Decaluwe Wim , Derriks Frank , Cools Filip 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo compare the effects of neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) with other forms of synchronized artificial ventilation in preterm infants. A systematic review of randomized and quasi‐randomized controlled trials with individual group allocation, both parallel‐group trials as well as crossover trials, that included preterm infants born at less than 37 weeks gestational age and compared NAVA with any other form of synchronized mechanical ventilation with or without volume guarantee. Primary outcomes were death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) at 36 weeks, total duration of respiratory support and neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years. Secondary outcomes consisted of important procedural and clinical outcomes. Seven studies with a total of 191 infants were included, five randomized crossover trials and two parallel group randomized trials. No significant difference in the primary outcome of death or BPD (RR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.33−3.55) was found. Peak inspiratory pressures were significantly lower with NAVA than with other forms of ventilation (MD −1.83 cmH2O [95% CI: −2.95 to −0.71]). No difference in any other clinical or ventilatory outcome was detected. Although associated with lower peak inspiratory pressures, the use of NAVA does not result in a reduced risk of death or BPD as compared to other forms of synchronized ventilation in preterm infants. However, the certainty of evidence is low due to imprecision of the effect estimate. Larger studies are needed to detect possible short‐ and long‐term differences between ventilation modes.
Identification of long noncoding RNAs downregulated specifically in ovarian high‐grade serous carcinoma
Authors: Hayashi‐Okada Maki , Sato Shun , Nakashima Kengo , Sakai Takahiro , Tamehisa Tetsuro , Kajimura Takuya , Tamura Isao , Sueoka Kotaro , Sugino Norihiro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeTo investigate whether long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the development or malignant behavior of ovarian high‐grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), we attempted to identify lncRNAs specific to HGSC.MethodsTotal RNAs were isolated from HGSC, normal ovarian, and fallopian tube tissue samples and were subjected to a PCR array that can analyze 84 cancer‐associated lncRNAs. The lncRNAs that were upregulated and downregulated in HGSC in comparison to multiple samples of normal ovary and fallopian tube were validated by real‐time RT‐PCR. To infer the function, ovarian cancer cell lines that overexpress the identified lncRNAs were established, and the activation of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion was analyzed.ResultsEleven lncRNAs (ACTA2‐AS1, ADAMTS9‐AS2, CBR3‐AS1, HAND2‐AS1, IPW, LINC00312, LINC00887, MEG3, NBR2, TSIX, and XIST) were downregulated in HGSC samples. We established the cell lines that overexpress ADAMTS9‐AS2, CBR3‐AS1, or NBR2. In cell lines overexpressing ADAMTS9‐AS2, cell proliferation was suppressed, but migration and invasion were promoted. In cell lines overexpressing CBR3‐AS1 or NBR2, cell migration tended to be promoted, although cell proliferation and invasion were unchanged.ConclusionWe identified eleven lncRNAs that were specifically downregulated in HGSC. Of these, CBR3‐AS1, NBR2, and ADAMTS9‐AS2 had unique functions in the malignant behaviors of HGSC.
World‐Making Through a Feminist Abolitionist Lens in a STEAM Middle School Program
Authors: Morales Melita , Franklin Mya , Vossoughi Shirin , Carroll Sam , Lansana Onam , Bang Megan , Mayed Sahibzada 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTThe maker movement propagated throughout educational spaces alongside promises that technological and design literacies could be harnessed to shape equitable social futures. However, researchers have highlighted the ways makerspaces can reinforce hierarchies of race, gender, and class. This paper builds on research that seeks to support girls' making through broader sociopolitical and ethical commitments. We consider what an everyday pedagogy of feminist abolition looked like in a makerspace, with a focus on how educators responded to emergent social needs within and across gender lines. Our data sources (extensive field notes, audio–video recordings, photographs, and student interviews) are drawn from Hubspace, a 6‐week summer program serving Black, Latine/x, and South Asian middle school youth and grounded in expansive forms of storytelling, coding, engineering, music, writing, and art. In closely analyzing routine forms of educator reflection alongside the design decisions, pedagogical moves and forms of student sense‐making they supported, we found that student and educator sociopolitical learning emerged together to build what became possible in the culture of the space over time. Across three cases, we show how such pedagogies offered lived models and creative languages for practicing restorative and just social relationships. Each of the cases tell the story of different moments when gender became important to the ways participants were working to recognize and desettle received terms of thought and generate alternate forms of thinking, living, and relating, or the making of new stories and worlds.
Policies and legislation enabling sustainable technologies in the public transport infrastructure in NEOM
Authors: Abdelhady Mahmoud Abd elgawwad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the context of rapidly urbanizing cities, integrating sustainable technologies into public transportation systems is important. This study examines the policies and legislative frameworks of NEOM and articulates their impact on the adoption and expansion of sustainable technologies within the public transport domain. The objective is to determine whether these regulatory mechanisms facilitate or impede NEOM's sustainability ambitions. The main finding is that NEOM's current legislative and policy framework presents notable challenges. The commitment to advancing sustainable technologies is clear, tension exists between the rigidity of traditional legislative approaches and the rapidly evolving nature of technological innovation. Our analysis suggests NEOM has considerable potential to reform its policies and measures. Recalibration would ensure compatibility with sustainable practices and drive the city's vision for a sustainable and technologically advanced public transportation system. The study recommendations highlight the need for flexible, innovation‐centric legal frameworks. A more adaptable legislative approach could inform NEOM to leverage sustainable technologies more effectively, ensuring an environmentally responsible public transportation system that serves its expanding user community. Furthermore, this research offers broader implications for other emerging smart cities, underscoring the essential relationship between policy, technology, and sustainability in shaping future‐ready urban transport systems.
In Situ Photogenerated Radicals of Hydroxyl Substituted Pyrene‐Based Triphenylamines with Enhanced Transport and Free Doping/Post‐Oxidation for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Xie Zhixin , Wang Rongxin , Xiao Ye , Yan Kai , Zhao Yu , Lin Rui , Redshaw Carl , Min Yonggang , Ouyang Xinhua , Feng Xing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe high‐performance hole transporting material (HTM) is one of the most important components for the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in promoting power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, the low conductivity of HTMs and their additional requirements for doping and post‐oxidation greatly limits the device performance. In this work, three novel pyrene‐based derivatives containing methoxy‐substituted triphenylamines units (PyTPA, PyTPA‐OH and PyTPA‐2OH) are designed and synthesized, where different numbers of hydroxyl groups are connected at the 2‐ or 2,7‐positions of the pyrene core. These hydroxyl groups at the 2‐ or 2,7‐positions of pyrene play a significantly role to enhance the intermolecular interactions that are able to generate in situ radicals with the assistance of visible light irradiation, resulting in enhanced hole transferring ability, as well as an enhanced conductivity and suppressed recombination. These pyrene‐core based HTMs exhibit excellent performance in PSCs, which possess a higher PCE than those control devices using the traditional spiro‐OMeTAD as the HTM. The best performance can be found in the devices with PyTPA‐2OH. It has an average PCE of 23.44% (PCEmax = 23.50%), which is the highest PCE among the reported PSCs with the pyrene‐core based HTMs up to date. This research offers a novel avenue to design a dopant‐free HTM by the combination of the pyrene core, methoxy triphenylamines, and hydroxy groups.
Enhancing Mechanical Properties of Carbon–Silicon Steel through Two‐Stage Quenching and Partitioning with Bainitic Transformation: Ultimate Tensile Strength of 1875 MPa and Total Elongation of 8.03%
Authors: Masoumi Mohammad , Centeno Dany , Tressia Gustavo , Loureiro Rodrigo C. P. , Carvalho Felipe M. , Marquez‐Rossy Andres , Poplawsky Jonathan D. , Ariza‐Echeverri Edwan Anderson 
Published: April 2024

To achieve the desired microstructural properties, the ongoing development and innovation in new structural steels require novel thermal processing. This study aims to improve the mechanical properties of a commercial spring carbon–silicon steel by tailoring its microstructure through a process involving quenching and partitioning (Q&P) followed by bainitic transformation. A two‐stage Q&P process is proposed to generate a nanoscale dispersion of stable retained austenite and carbides within the tempered martensite and bainite microstructure. The resulting tensile properties demonstrate a yield strength of 1280 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength of 1875 MPa, and a total elongation of 8.03%. These values surpass those of conventional spring 9254 steel, highlighting the effectiveness of the thermal treatment design. Microstructure analysis reveals the presence of tempered martensite, bainite sheaves, nanoscale carbides, and aggregates of retained austenite. Moreover, the resulting body‐centered cubic matrix exhibits minimal lattice tetragonality of ≈1.0051, coupled with stable retained austenite featuring a carbon concentration of ≈3.42 ± 0.5 wt%, resulting in outstanding strength–ductility properties. These findings indicate that the proposed two‐stage Q&P process, followed by bainitic transformation, significantly enhances the mechanical properties of carbon–silicon steels, making it a promising candidate for high‐performance spring applications.
Testing the effect of UHPFRC jacket thickness and steel fiber volume fraction on NSC‐UHPFRC column compressive behavior
Authors: Le Anh‐Thang , Tran Trung‐Hau 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSeveral efficient applications of ultrahigh‐performance fiber‐reinforced concrete (UHPFRC). Among them are UHPFRC jackets utilized for strengthening or permanent formworks of the steel reinforcing normal strength concrete (NSC) columns since UHPFRC jackets could enhance the compressive strength and other properties of the NSC column. However, the efficiency of a UHPFRC jacket simultaneously depends on its thickness and the added steel fiber volume fraction. The paper aims to explore the interaction effect of UHPFRC jacket thickness and steel fiber volume fraction on the behavior of UHPFRC jackets confining the NSC core under compressive load. The circular ultrahigh performance concrete jacket filled inside with the normal strength concrete, named NSC‐UHPFRC column specimen, is tested under loading on the NSC core. UHPFRC jacket thickness of 18‐49 mm with three adding steel fiber volume fractions was conducted for the experimental study. The investigation and analysis of the effect of the UHPFRC jacket and the steel fiber volume fraction on compression behaviors of NSC‐UHPFRC columns proceeded after the compressive strength test results were validated using Richart's model. This comprised a review of various parameters such as specimen failure pattern, stress–strain relationship, and ductile indices. The Weibull distribution was employed to explain the interaction effect on the variation in the experimental results. Finally, an interaction model was proposed and used to discuss the interaction effect of UHPFRC jacket thickness and steel fiber volume fraction and the optimum condition of the compressive strength of the NSC‐UHPFRC columns.
Elucidating the role of FOS in modulating the immune microenvironment through fibroblast and myeloid cell regulation in locoregional recurrent HNSCC
Authors: Liu Shaokun , Han Boxuan , Wang Ru , Fang Jugao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) presents a significant clinical challenge, particularly due to its high propensity for locoregional recurrence. Current research underscores the need to unravel the complex interactions within the tumor microenvironment. This study addresses the critical gap in understanding how FOS modulates the immune landscape in HNSCC, with a focus on its influence on fibroblast and myeloid cell dynamics.MethodsEmploying a comprehensive approach, we analyzed tissue samples from HNSCC patients and adjacent non‐cancerous tissues using bulk RNA sequencing complemented by in‐depth bioinformatics analyses, including gene ontology (GO), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and immune infiltration assessment. A pivotal aspect of our research involved dissecting single‐cell RNA‐seq data from GSE234933 to elucidate the cell‐type‐specific expression of FOS.ResultsWe found that FOS expression varies significantly in different cell populations in the HNSCC tumor microenvironment, especially in fibroblasts and myeloid cells. This expression difference may reflect the different roles of these cells in tumor progression and their impact on the tumor microenvironment.ConclusionOur results uncover a significant correlation between FOS expression and key immune and hypoxia‐related pathways, suggesting its integral role in the tumor microenvironment. These findings not only enhance our understanding of HNSCC pathogenesis but also highlight FOS as a potential therapeutic target. This study marks a significant step towards addressing the urgent need for targeted interventions in HNSCC, particularly in the context of locoregional recurrence.
Bridging Literacy Theory with Practice: Differentiated Academic Service Learning Projects with Children's Literature
Authors: Katz Anne 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis academic service learning initiative enabled teacher education candidates to create research‐based family literacy activities around a diverse selection of children’s books. Each project included a detailed parent or caregiver letter, which provides an overview of the family literacy activity; materials and props; step‐by‐step procedures; prompting questions; ideas for differentiation to meet the needs of varied learning styles; and real‐world extensions. As pre‐service teachers selected from a menu of literacy strategies that fit their individual letter and project design, the concept of differentiation was being actively implemented. Pre‐service teachers reflected on the experience of creating the family literacy project and their future plans for involving families in their students’ literacy learning.
Use of ZIF‐8 as vulcanization additive to optimize natural rubber composites to lower the amount of ZnO
Authors: Yang Yujie , Qiao Xiaodong , Fan Xinpeng , Liao Shuangquan , Sun Zhenfan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractZinc oxide (ZnO) is widely used as an activator in the vulcanization process of natural rubber. However, due to its poor compatibility with natural rubber, a large amount of ZnO needs to use, and the unreacted ZnO can precipitate in various ways, posing significant harm to aquatic organisms and microorganisms. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the dosage of ZnO in order to minimize its environmental impact. In this study, we applied ZIF‐8, a zinc‐based metal–organic framework, as a vulcanization additive in natural rubber. and it was found that ZIF‐8 could promote the rubber vulcanization reaction by adsorbing sulfur, promoting sulfur ring‐opening, and providing different ligand interactions of Zn2+. Moreover, even at low usage levels of ZIF‐8, it effectively reduces the amount of ZnO while simultaneously improving the mechanical properties of the samples. This work provides an effective method to reduce the amount of ZnO without sacrificing the rubber properties and provides a new idea for the application of ZIF‐8 in rubber materials.Highlights
ZIF‐8 enhances properties of natural rubber composites with low ZnO dosages.
Revealing the reason why ZIF‐8 promotes the vulcanization of natural rubber.
Investigation of the effect of ZIF‐8 on the vulcanization properties of natural rubber.
A Logical Treatment of Finite Automata
Authors: Rodrigues Nishant , Sebe Mircea Octavian , Chen Xiaohong , Roşu Grigore 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe present a sound and complete axiomatization of finite words using matching logic. A unique feature of our axiomatization is that it gives a shallow embedding of regular expressions into matching logic, and a logical representation of finite automata. The semantics of both expressions and automata are precisely captured as matching logic formulae that evaluate to the corresponding language. Regular expressions are matching logic formulae as is, while the embedding of automata is a structural analog—computational aspects of automata are captured as syntactic features. We demonstrate that our axiomatization is sound and complete by showing that runs of Brzozowski’s procedure for equivalence checking correspond to matching logic proofs. We propose this as a general methodology for producing machine-checkable formal proofs, enabled by capturing structural analogs of computational artifacts in logic. The proofs produced can be efficiently checked by the Metamath Zero verifier. Work presented in this paper contributes to the general scheme of achieving verifiable computing via logical methods, where computations are reduced to logical reasoning, encoded as machine-checkable proof objects, and checked by a trusted proof checker.