bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of salt types on salt precipitation and water transport in saline sandy soil
Authors: Wang Hongchao , Li Xinhu , Guo Min , Li Jialin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSalt precipitation on the surface of porous media significantly affects water transport processes. Most studies on salt precipitation mainly focused on single salts, but in nature, salt precipitation usually occurs as mixtures. Consequently, information on the crystallization of salt mixtures and its effect on water transport remains scarce. This study investigated the precipitation of mixtures (the mass ratios of NaCl:Na2SO4 were 3:7, 5:5, and 7:3, respectively) of NaCl (typical efflorescence) and Na2SO4 (typical subflorescence) in the initially saturated sandy soil columns and its effect on evaporation and compared it with the cases of the two salts individually. The results showed that salt mixtures exhibited a mixed pattern of crystals including both efflorescence and subflorescence, and the efflorescence showed granular aggregation, unlike the mono‐salts. The crystallization coverage of the salt mixtures was smaller than that of NaCl mono‐salt; high (7:3) and low (5:5 and 3:7) proportions of NaCl led to larger and smaller crystallization coverage than that of Na2SO4 mono‐salt, respectively. While the salt mixtures had less crystallization coverage than the mono‐salts, they showed lower evaporation because the salt mixtures formed a denser crystallization structure of efflorescence‐subflorescence‐soil layer, this crystallization structure exhibited greater inhibition of water vapour diffusion, thus reducing evaporation. In addition, the crystallization of the salt mixtures with higher NaCl proportion afforded greater resistance of evaporation. The mixed crystallization pattern formed by the salt mixtures significantly enhances the crystallization resistance to evaporation.
Reviewing metal fluorides as the cathode materials for high performance Li batteries
Authors: Liu Ao , Yuan Huadong , Wang Yao , Liu Yujing , Luo Jianmin , Nai Jianwei , Tao Xinyong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExploring high‐energy density rechargeable lithium (Li) batteries is urgently needed to meet the demand of the large‐scale electric vehicle market. Conversion‐type metal fluorides (MFx) have been considered as desirable cathode materials for next‐generation rechargeable batteries because of their high operational voltages, environmental non‐toxicity, low cost, and high thermal stability. In this review, we present the most promising and feasible MFx applied in rechargeable Li batteries in terms of capacity, discharge potential, volume change, fabricated methods, crystal structure, and cost/abundance. The electrochemical performance is briefly illustrated, and the recent advances in mechanisms focused on MFx cathodes upon cyclic processes are noted and discussed in detail. Finally, prospects for the current challenges and possible research directions, with the aim to provide some inspiration for the development of MFx‐based cathodes are presented.
Adenomyosis among patients undergoing postpartum hysterectomy for uncontrollable uterine bleeding: A multicenter, observational, retrospective, cohort study on histologically‐based prevalence and clinical characteristics
Authors: Giorgi Matteo , Raimondo Diego , Pacifici Martina , Bartiromo Ludovica , Candiani Massimo , Fedele Francesco , Pizzo Alessandra , Valensise Herbert , Seracchioli Renato , Raffone Antonio , Martire Francesco Giuseppe , Centini Gabriele , Zupi Errico , Lazzeri Lucia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of adenomyosis at pathologic examination, and its association with obstetric complications, peripartum maternal clinical characteristics and neonatal birth weight in patients undergoing postpartum hysterectomy due to postpartum hemorrhage (PPH).MethodsA multicenter, observational, retrospective, cohort study was carried out including all women who underwent postpartum hysterectomy due to PPH at gestational week 23+0 or later, between January 2010 and May 2023. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the presence of adenomyosis at pathologic examination, and were compared for obstetric complications, peripartum maternal clinical characteristics, and neonatal birth weight.ResultsThe histologically‐based prevalence of adenomyosis in patients undergoing postpartum hysterectomy due to PPH was 39.4%. Adenomyosis was associated with a longer hospitalization time (regression coefficient: 4.43 days, 95% CI: 0.34–8.52, P = 0.034) and a higher risk of hypertensive disorders (OR: 5.82, 95% CI: 1.38–24.46, P = 0.016), threatened preterm labor (OR: 3.34, 95% CI: 1.08–10.31, P = 0.036), urgent/emergency C‐section (OR: 24.15, 95% CI: 2.60–223.96, P = 0.005), postpartum maternal complications (OR: 4.96, 95% CI: 1.48–16.67, P = 0.012), maternal intensive care unit admission (OR: 3.56, 95% CI: 1.05–12.05, P = 0.041), and low birth weight neonates (OR: 3.8, 95% CI: 1.32–11.02, P = 0.013).ConclusionIn patients undergoing postpartum hysterectomy due to PPH, adenomyosis is a highly prevalent condition among, and is associated with adverse obstetric, maternal, and neonatal outcomes.
Efficacy, Safety, and Population Pharmacokinetics of Eltrombopag in Children with Different Severities of Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Zhang Wei , Chang Li‐Xian , Zhao Bei‐Bei , Zheng Yi , Shan Dan‐Dan , Tang Bo‐Hao , Yang Fan , Zhou Yue , Hao Guo‐Xiang , Zhang Ya‐Hui , van den Anker John , Zhu Xiao‐Fan , Zhang Li , Zhao Wei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEltrombopag was approved as a first‐line treatment for patients older than 2 years old with severe aplastic anemia (SAA). However, data on eltrombopag in children with different types of aplastic anemia (AA), especially non‐severe AA (NSAA), are limited. We performed a prospective, single‐arm, and observational study to investigate eltrombopag's efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics in children with NSAA, SAA, and very severe AA (VSAA). The efficacy and safety were assessed every 3 months. The population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model was used to depict the pharmacokinetic profile of eltrombopag. Twenty‐three AA children with an average age of 7.9 (range of 3.0‐14.0) years were enrolled. The response (complete and partial response) rate was 12.5%, 50.0%, and 100.0% after 3, 6, and 12 months in patients with NSAA. For patients with SAA and VSAA, these response rates were 46.7%, 61.5%, and 87.5%. Hepatotoxicity occurred in one patient. Fifty‐three blood samples were used to build the PPK model. Body weight was the only covariate for apparent clearance (CL/F) and volume of distribution. The allele‐T carrier of adenosine triphosphate‐binding cassette transporter G2 was found to increase eltrombopag's clearance. However, when normalized by weight, the clearance between the wild‐type and variant showed no statistical difference. In patients with response, children with NSAA exhibited lower area under the curve from time zero to infinity, higher CL/F, and higher weight‐adjusted CL/F than those with SAA or VSAA. However, the differences were not statistically significant. The results may support further individualized treatment of eltrombopag in children with AA.
Discordance Therapeutic Protocol of Cystic Echinococcosis With WHO Guideline
Authors: Shafiei Reza , Mohajerzadeh Mina Sadat , Masomi Hajar Farah Abad , Tavakoli Maryam , Turki Habibollah , Firouzeh Nima 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundCystic echinococcosis (CE), a helminth‐associated zoonosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus, poses a significant public health problem, particularly in pastoral‐rearing regions. The lack of uniform guidelines led to variations in CE management. Based on ultrasound data, the World Health Organization Informal Working Group on Echinococcosis (WHO‐IWGE) classification system categorizes cysts into active, transitional, and inactive groups.This study assesses whether the therapeutic approach from liver human operation cases in North Khorasan province aligns with the WHO‐IWGE reference based on ultrasound data.MethodsThe research is based on ultrasound data from liver CE human operation cases collected between 2018 and 2022. This retrospective study investigates the therapeutic protocol for (CE) in North Khorasan Province, Iran, comparing it with the WHO‐IWGE guidelines. We collect data from previously registered patients' medical information from our studied area's main CE surgical hospital. Moreover, as the first hospitalized survey in Iran, this study reveals insights into patient demographics, cyst stage prevalence, and treatment modalities.ResultsNotably, more than half of the patients were treated for CE1 stage cysts, and CE4 cases, which generally do not require surgery, underwent open surgery. The results suggest a need for adherence to the “watch‐and‐wait” approach in specific cases. All patients underwent successful surgeries, but we do not have access to follow‐up data from patients after discharge.ConclusionsThis descriptive study contributes to understanding the implementation of WHO guidelines in a regional context, shedding light on the challenges and variations in CE management. It seems, retraining courses for surgeons are required to update their knowledge of standard CE diagnostic and treatment methods.
Characteristics and driving mechanism of wetland landscape pattern change in karst region of southwest China over past 35 years: A case study of Caohai wetland in Guizhou
Authors: Mu Guiting , Wen Ximei , Zhang Zhenming 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo uncover the process of land use change and its driving mechanism of typical wetland ecosystems in the karst region, this thesis conducts a case study on Caohai National Nature Reserve (hereafter referred to as Caohai). With the support of geo‐information technology and the landscape index analysis method, it quantitatively analyzes the magnitudes, speed, and landscape patterns of land use changes over 35 years from 1985 to 2020 using continuous remote sensing images. The results show that the land use structure of Caohai has mainly undergone mutual conversion between farmland and wetland. Before 2005, 164.60 ha of farmland were converted to wetland, from 2005 to 2015, 451.79 ha of wetland were converted to farmland, and from 2015 to 2020, 979.62 ha of farmland were transformed into wetland. The trend for construction land was to decrease first and then increase, with increased construction land primarily coming from farmland and partially from shrubland and forestland. The spatial connectivity of landscape distribution showed a slow decrease to a rapid decrease, then increased and reduced again, while diversity and evenness showed the opposite trend. Rational policies and urban construction planning are essential measures for protecting wetland ecosystems in the karst region.
Tests for homogeneity of distributions of component lifetimes from Type‐II censored system lifetime data with known system structures
Authors: Qu Jingjing , Ng Hon Keung Tony 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn system reliability analysis, researchers are interested in evaluating the characteristics of the lifetime distribution of components in a system based on system lifetime data. In collecting system lifetime data, a censoring scheme is often adopted due to time and budget constraints. In this article, we consider the situation where the system lifetime data from two different coherent systems are subjected to Type‐II right‐censoring, and we are interested in testing the homogeneity of component lifetime distributions based on Type‐II censored system lifetime data with known system structures. Based on the Mann‐Whitney test and empirical likelihood ratio tests developed for testing the homogeneity of component lifetime distributions with complete system lifetime data, we propose different non‐parametric test procedures using the permutation of the unobserved censored system lifetimes. We consider a restricted assumption on the censored lifetimes to reduce the permutations required in the computation. The computational approaches to obtain the critical values of the proposed test procedures are provided using the Monte Carlo method. A practical example is used to illustrate the proposed test procedures. Then, the power performance of the proposed test procedures is evaluated and compared through a Monte Carlo simulation study. The simulation results show that the proposed test procedures provide comparable power performance for Type‐II censored system lifetime data in contrast to the complete sample case under different scenarios. Finally, recommendations based on the simulation results and concluding remarks are provided.
Association between the early repolarization pattern and nocturnal suicide attempts
Authors: Kameyama Hiroshi , Sugimoto Kenichi , Kodaka Fumitoshi , Okuno Kenji , Masaki Takahiro , Nukariya Kazutaka , Shigeta Masahiro 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimNumerous recent reports have highlighted the association between mental disorders and electrocardiographic findings. The early repolarization pattern (ERP) on electrocardiogram has been linked with a history of suicide attempts and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and associations with impulsivity have also been reported. It is known that suicidal intent is more common at night. Patients who have a mental disorder and ERP may have a higher likelihood of impulsivity, potentially increasing the risk of suicide at night.MethodsThe subjects were 43 patients with a history of suicide attempts who had undergone electrocardiographic examination at Jikei University School of Medicine Kashiwa Hospital and received intervention from our department. Due to the diurnal variation in electrocardiographic findings, only patients who underwent the examination during the daytime were included. Patients' clinical backgrounds were compared according to the presence or absence of ERP, and the association between nocturnal suicide attempts and ERP was examined using multivariate analysis.ResultsThe frequency of nocturnal suicidal behavior was 76.2% in patients with ERP and 31.8% in those without ERP, but the difference was not significant after Bonferroni correction. In the multivariate analysis, there was a significant association of ERP with nocturnal suicide attempts (p = 0.018).ConclusionThe finding of an association between ERP and nocturnal suicide attempts indicates that ERP is a biological indicator that can predict nocturnal suicide attempts.
Enlarged cavum septum pellucidum and small thymus as markers for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
Authors: Gaiser Kimberly B. , Schindewolf Erica M. , Conway Laura J. , Coleman Beverly G. , Oliver Edward R. , Rychik Jack R. , Debari Suzanne E. , Mcdonald‐Mcginn Donna M. , Zackai Elaine H. , Moldenhauer Julie S. , Gebb Juliana S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundEnlarged cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) and hypoplastic thymus are proposed extra‐cardiac fetal markers for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. We sought to determine if they were part of the fetal phenotype of our cohort of fetuses with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.MethodsCase‐control study of fetuses evaluated from 2016 to 2022. The study group included fetuses with laboratory confirmation of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. The control group included pregnancies with conotruncal cardiac anomalies with normal microarray as well as structurally normal fetuses with normal microarray. The CSP and thymus were routinely measured during anatomical ultrasound in all patients at their initial visit at 27.1 ± 4.7 weeks. The CSP and thymus measurements were classified as abnormal if they were >95% or <5% for gestational age, respectively. The groups were compared using analysis of variance or Kruskal‐Wallis for continuous variables and Fisher's exact test for categorical variables. Logistic regression was performed, and a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed.ResultsWe identified 47 fetuses with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and compared them to 47 fetuses with conotruncal anomalies and normal microarray and 47 structurally normal fetuses with normal microarray. 51% (24/47) of fetuses with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome had an enlarged CSP compared to 6% (3/47) of fetuses with a conotruncal anomaly and normal microarray and none of the structurally normal fetuses (p < 0.001). Of the fetuses with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, 83% (39/47) had a hypoplastic or absent thymus compared to 9% (4/47) of the fetuses with a conotruncal anomaly and normal microarray and none of the structurally normal fetuses (p < 0.001). 87% (41/47) of the fetuses with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome had conotruncal cardiac anomalies. Logistic regression revealed that both enlarged CSP and hypoplastic/absent thymus were associated with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. The area under the ROC curve for the two markers was 0.94.ConclusionAn enlarged CSP and hypoplastic/absent thymus appear to be part of the fetal phenotype of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. These markers are associated with conotruncal anomalies in the setting of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome but not in normal controls or fetuses with conotruncal defects and normal microarrays.
Pulmonary Hypertension: Intensification and Personalization of Combination Rx (PHoenix): A phase IV randomized trial for the evaluation of dose‐response and clinical efficacy of riociguat and selexipag using implanted technologies
Authors: Varian Frances , Dick Jennifer , Battersby Christian , Roman Stefan , Ablott Jenna , Watson Lisa , Binmahfooz Sarah , Zafar Hamza , Colgan Gerry , Cannon John , Suntharalingam Jay , Lordan Jim , Howard Luke , McCabe Colm , Wort John , Price Laura , Church Colin , Hamilton Neil , Armstrong Iain , Hameed Abdul , Hurdman Judith , Elliot Charlie , Condliffe Robin , Wilkins Martin , Webb Alastair , Adlam David , Benza Ray L. , Rahimi Kazem , Shojaei‐Shahrokhabadi Mohadeseh , Lin Nan X. , Wason James M. S. , McIntosh Alasdair , McConnachie Alex , Middleton Jennifer T. , Thompson Roger , Kiely David G. , Toshner Mark , Rothman Alexander 
Published: March 2024

AbstractApproved therapies for the treatment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) mediate pulmonary vascular vasodilatation by targeting distinct biological pathways. International guidelines recommend that patients with an inadequate response to dual therapy with a phosphodiesterase type‐5 inhibitor (PDE5i) and endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA), are recommended to either intensify oral therapy by adding a selective prostacyclin receptor (IP) agonist (selexipag), or switching from PDE5i to a soluble guanylate‐cyclase stimulator (sGCS; riociguat). The clinical equipoise between these therapeutic choices provides the opportunity for evaluation of individualized therapeutic effects. Traditionally, invasive/hospital‐based investigations are required to comprehensively assess disease severity and demonstrate treatment benefits. Regulatory‐approved, minimally invasive monitors enable equivalent measurements to be obtained while patients are at home. In this 2 × 2 randomized crossover trial, patients with PAH established on guideline‐recommended dual therapy and implanted with CardioMEMS™ (a wireless pulmonary artery sensor) and ConfirmRx™ (an insertable cardiac rhythm monitor), will receive ERA + sGCS, or PDEi + ERA + IP agonist. The study will evaluate clinical efficacy via established clinical investigations and remote monitoring technologies, with remote data relayed through regulatory‐approved online clinical portals. The primary aim will be the change in right ventricular systolic volume measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from baseline to maximal tolerated dose with each therapy. Using data from MRI and other outcomes, including hemodynamics, physical activity, physiological measurements, quality of life, and side effect reporting, we will determine whether remote technology facilitates early evaluation of clinical efficacy, and investigate intra‐patient efficacy of the two treatment approaches.
Plasma NEDD9 is increased following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and associates with indices of pulmonary vascular dysfunction
Authors: Alba George A. , Zhou Iris Y. , Mascia Molly , Magaletta Michael , Alladina Jehan W. , Giacona Francesca L. , Ginns Leo C. , Caravan Peter , Maron Bradley A. , Montesi Sydney B. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCompared to healthy volunteers, participants with post‐acute sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (PASC) demonstrated increased plasma levels of the prothrombotic protein NEDD9, which associated inversely with indices of pulmonary vascular function. This suggests persistent pulmonary vascular dysfunction may play a role in the pathobiology of PASC.
On the Fate of Lithium Ions in Sol–Gel Derived Zinc Oxide Nanocrystals
Authors: Olejnik‐Fehér Natalia , Jędrzejewska Maria , Wolska‐Pietkiewicz Małgorzata , Lee Daniel , Paëpe Gaël De , Lewiński Janusz 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAmong diverse chemical synthetic approaches to zinc oxide nanocrystals (ZnO NCs), ubiquitous inorganic sol–gel methodology proved crucial for advancements in ZnO‐based nanoscience. Strikingly, unlike the exquisite level of control over morphology and size dispersity achieved in ZnO NC syntheses, the purity of the crystalline phase, as well as the understanding of the surface structure and the character of the inorganic–organic interface, have been limited to vague descriptors until very recently. Herein, ZnO NCs applying the standard sol–gel synthetic protocol are synthesized with zinc acetate and lithium hydroxide and tracked the integration of lithium (Li) cations into the interior and exterior of nanoparticles by combining various techniques, including advanced solid‐state NMR methods. In contrast to common views, it is demonstrated that Li+ ions remain kinetically trapped in the inorganic core, enter into a shallow subsurface layer, and generate “swelling” of the surface and interface regions. Thus, this work enabled both the determination of the NCs’ structural imperfections and an in‐depth understanding of the unappreciated role of the Li+ ions in impacting the doping and the passivation of sol–gel‐derived ZnO nanomaterials.
Low‐Pressure Pancake Bouncing on Superhydrophobic Surfaces
Authors: Fu Zunru , Jin Haichuan , Zhang Jun , Xue Tianyou , Guo Qi , Yao Guice , Gao Hui , Wang Zuankai , Wen Dongsheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA new form of pancake bouncing is discovered in this work when a droplet impacts onto micro‐structured superhydrophobic surfaces in an environment pressure less than 2 kPa, and an unprecedented reduction of contact time by ≈85% is obtained. The mechanisms of forming this unique phenomenon are examined by combining experimental observation, numeical modelling and an improved theoretical model for the overpressure effect arising from the vaporisation inside micro‐scaled structures. The competition among the vapor overpressure effect, the droplet impact force, and the surface adhesion determines if the pancake bouncing behavior could occur. After the lift‐off the lamella, the pancake bouncing is initiated and its subsequent dynamics is controlled by the internal momentum transfer. Complementary to the prior studies, this work enriches the knowledge of droplet dynamics in low pressure, which allows new strategies of surface morphology engineering for droplet control, an area of high importance for many engineering applications.