bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Precautionary, Mental Health Status During the Stabilization Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic Among the University Students in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Cheang Chonin , Chan Wengtong , Wang Xiaona , Xia Sujian , Law Saikam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to survey the part of the university students in Guangzhou, China to better understand their levels of anxiety and common mental disorders (CMD) during the stabilization stage of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: From 1 -12 November 2021, we conducted an online survey using a convenience sampling strategy. Demographic information, health status, COVID-19-related situations, degrees of knowledge, preventative actions, and COVID-19-related worries were all obtained through an online survey. The mental health self-assessment tools were distributed online through WeChat and other self-media platforms. The mental impacts were assessed by the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) surveys, and evaluates students' mental health in universities in Guangzhou, with the positive detection rate as the outcome indicator.
Results: This study included 2010 respondents. 12.1% reported anxiety symptoms; 22.6% reported CMD symptoms. Older, male, online classes, national non-key universities, no received vaccine, individuals and family members had been diagnosed COVID-19, confirmed cases occurred in the vicinity, COVID-19 related worries, low-knowledge and precautionary measures related with COVID-19 have a higher risk more significantly to have a mental disorder that we have observed (all OR > 1.20, p<0.05).
Negatively chirped, self-compressing supercontinuum generation by ghost pulses
Authors: Heyne Karsten , Zhang Xingwen , Kozich Valeri , Lindinger Albrecht , Nagy Tamas , Vrakking Marc 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Supercontinuum generation is an enabling technology for a host of intriguing applications such as tuneable ultra-fast light sources, ultra-short pulse generation, etc. It is governed by self-phase modulation, in which new frequencies are created at the leading and trailing edge of the light pulse with lower and higher frequencies, respectively. This spectral broadening is accompanied by positive chirp, opening the possibility to compress the pulse to a shorter duration by adding negative chirp. However, in many cases – e.g. in the ultraviolet spectral range - it is very difficult to introduce well-controlled negative chirp. Here, we present a solution to this problem, the first negatively chirped supercontinuum generation driven by ghost pulses. Ghost pulses have properties of real light pulses and are imprinted on longer carrier pulses with inverted intensity. Flipping the intensity, enables negatively chirped supercontinuum in the normal dispersion regime. With support from simulations, we have experimentally created and characterized ghost pulses, and demonstrated creation of a negatively chirped supercontinuum. We present a first application by a self-compressing non-collinear optical parametric amplifier. Our approach adds a new item to the toolbox of ultrafast technology enabling pulse compression for difficult cases where classical chirp management is not a viable option.
Institutional trajectories and threshold effects in the relationship between FDI and growth: An application to the the WAEMU zone
Authors: Assoumou-Ella Giscard , Bastidon Cécile , Ouattara Kouakou Constant 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The empirical validation of a significant relationship between institutional quality, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and growth in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) zone, characterized by notable institutional instability over the last three decades, is controversial. We propose an original study based on a principal component analysis (PCA) of the PRS Group Institutional Quality Database (ICRG PRS), comprising twelve variables, for six countries in the WAEMU zone over the period 1992-2017. The first three main dimensions allow us to identify converging institutional trajectories, associated with greater permanence of institutions, improvement in the nature of regimes, and the persistence of ambivalence in these processes. These first main dimensions are then used in a linear and then non-linear empirical modeling of the relationship between FDI and growth. We show the existence of a threshold effect associated with the position in the institutional permanence trajectory. In the regime of higher permanence, the favorable effect of FDI is reinforced, while that of the domestic determinants of growth is reduced, suggesting an extraversion dynamic of the determinants of growth. These results illustrate the complexity of the relationship between institutions and macroeconomic dynamics in countries characterized by unstable institutions, and the need to employ specific empirical strategies.
JEL classification. C24, C38, E02, F21, O43.
The size of PFO on the incidences of stroke and migraine
Authors: Wang Mengqi , Lan Duo , Zhou Da , Ding Yuchuan , Ji Xunming , Meng Ran 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background and purposes
: Optimal treatment approaches for patients with both patent foramen ovale (PFO) and hypercoagulable state remain uncertain. This study aimed to introduce a novel therapeutic strategy involving the combination of anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications following PFO closure.
Methods
Consecutive patients diagnosed as PFO and hypercoagulable state were enrolled in this real-world case-control study between January 2021 and January 2022. After PFO closure, patients received either a combination of anticoagulant and mono antiplatelet therapy (anticoagulant group)or dual antiplatelet therapy(antiplatelet group) as part of their post-procedural management. Follow-up outcomes encompassed cessation of clinical symptoms, recurrence of neurological events, major bleeding episodes, and mortality.
Results
The final analysis comprised 38 eligible patients. Following PFO closure, of whom 17 patients were treated with a combination of anticoagulant and mono antiplatelet therapy, others treated with dual antiplatelet therapy. Over the one-year treatment period, significant differences were observed in alleviating migraine and prevention of recurrent stroke between the anticoagulant group and the antiplatelet group (p < 0.05). No instances of bleeding events and recurrent stroke were recorded during follow-up.
Conclusions
For patients with both PFO and hypercoagulable state, long-term therapy involving anticoagulants and mono antiplatelet agents post PFO closure may be a viable option. However, further validation through multicenter and extensive clinical trials is warranted.
Hydrostatic bearing groove multi-objective optimization of the gear ring housing interface in a straight-line conjugate internal meshing gear pump
Authors: Zhang Tiangui , Yan Guishan , Liu Xianhang , Ding Beichen , Feng Guodong , Ai Chao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The lubrication performance of a straight-line conjugate internal meshing gear pump is poor under the low-speed, high-pressure operating conditions of the volumetric servo speed control system, and it is difficult to establish a full fluid lubricating oil film between the gear ring and the housing. This leads to significant wear and severe heating between the gear ring and the housing. The lubrication performance of the interface moving pair of the electro-hydraulic actuator pump gear ring housing can be improved by designing a reasonable lubrication bearing structure for the gear ring housing. In this study, a multi-field coupling multi-objective optimization model was established to improve lubrication performance and volumetric efficiency. The whole model consists of the dynamic model of the gear ring components, the fluid lubrication model of the gear ring housing interface, the oil film formation and sealing model considering the influence of temperature, and the multi-objective optimization model. The comprehensive performance of the straight-line conjugate internal meshing gear pump was verified experimentally using a test bench. The results show that the lubrication performance is improved, the mechanical loss is reduced by 31.52%, and the volumetric efficiency is increased by 4.91%.
Load Balancing For High Performance Computing Using Quantum Annealing
Authors: Rathore Omer , Basden Alastair , Chancellor Nicholas , Kusumaatmaja Halim 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

With the advent of exascale computing, effective load balancing in massively parallel software applications is critically importantfor leveraging the full potential of high performance computing systems. Load balancing is the distribution of computational workbetween available processors. Here, we investigate the application of quantum annealing to load balance two paradigmaticalgorithms in high performance computing. Namely, adaptive mesh refinement and smoothed particle hydrodynamics arechosen as representative grid and off-grid target applications. While the methodology for obtaining real simulation data topartition is application specific, the proposed balancing protocol itself remains completely general. In a grid based context,quantum annealing is found to outperform classical methods such as the round robin protocol but lacks a decisive advantageover more advanced methods such as steepest descent or simulated annealing despite remaining competitive. The primaryobstacle to scalability is found to be limited coupling on current quantum annealing hardware. However, for the more complexparticle formulation, approached as a multi-objective optimization, quantum annealing solutions are demonstrably Paretodominant to state of the art classical methods across both objectives. This signals a noteworthy advancement in solution qualitywhich can have a large impact on effective CPU usage.
Magnitude and Pattern of Cardiovascular Diseases in Saint Peter’s Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa (July 2017 to June 2021), Ethiopia, June 2022.
Authors: Goshim Nigus , Yesuf Aman 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Approximately 18 million people die each year from cardiovascular diseases, an estimated 32% of all deaths worldwide. In more than 75% of cardiovascular diseases, deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries, and 85% of all cardiovascular disease deaths are due to heart attacks and strokes. In Ethiopia, cardiovascular diseases accounted for 16% of all deaths in 2018 and were the leading cause of death. Cardiovascular diseases are fatal and can lead to serious illness, disability, and compromised quality of life. This data analysis aimed to assess the magnitude and pattern of cardiovascular diseases in Saint Peter’s Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from June 9, 2022, to June 29, 2022 to analyze four years cardiovascular disease data covering the period from July 2017 to June 2021. The data was reviewed and analyzed by Excel 2016. The results are summarized as counts, proportions, ratios and means and are illustrated by tables and graphs.
Results: In Saint Peter’s Specialized Hospital, hypertension accounted for 46.9% (8182) CVD. Coronary heart diseases and heart failure accounted for 22.9% and 20% respectively among cardiovascular diseases. Cerebrovascular diseases and heart failure accounted for 74% of deaths from cardiovascular diseases, followed by ischemic heart diseases, which accounted for 22% of deaths. Cardiovascular diseases accounted for 74.3% of deaths from noncommunicable diseases and 16.9% of deaths from all deaths.
Conclusion: Hypertension, heart failure, and ischemic heart disease were the three most frequent cardiovascular diseases. Heart failure and cerebrovascular diseases are the leading causes of death. Among noncommunicable diseases, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death. Cardiovascular diseases account for three-fourths of noncommunicable diseases and responsible for a significant number deaths in the hospital, so the hospital places more emphasis on cardiovascular diseases prevention, treatment, and control.
The Effects of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Second-Generation Autologous Growth Factor on Pulpotomy
Authors: Kurt Ayca , Cıkman Ahter Sanal , Balaban Emre , Gumrukcu Zeynep , Mercantepe Tolga , Tümkaya Levent , Karabağ Mert 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The aim of our study is to see the effect of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), bioactive endodontic cement, and Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF), second-generation autologous growth factor, on pulpotomy-induced pulp inflammation. The study used the maxillary anterior central teeth of thirty-six young male Sprague Dawley rats. In total, 72 maxillary central teeth were included. We randomly assigned 48 teeth to two groups (12 rats/group; 24 teeth/group) based on the capping material (MTA or CGF). Two subgroups per group (12 teeth/group) were formed based on the time following pulpotomy (two weeks and four weeks). Compared to the control group, MTA and CGF applications decreased the formation of inflammation and edematous areas. We also observed that it decreased Nuclear Factor kappa B/P65 (NF-kB/P65) and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α positivities. We determined fewer cells showing NF-kβ/p65 positivity in the MTA treatment group compared to the CGF group. Moreover, we determined fewer cells showing NF-kβ/p65 positivity on day 28 after the MTA application compared to day 14 after the MTA application. In the CGF group, both histological damage scores and TNF positivity decreased. This study has established that, second-generation autologous growth factors have a protective effect in treating inflammation after pulpotomy.
Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of gene mutations in Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Authors: Ding Lingling , Lai Yiting , Chen Yanhui , Andoh Sheikh A. , Zou Mengqi , Long Zaifei , Zhang Wenhui , Wang Zhihong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are heterogeneous clonal diseases characterized by cytopenia caused by
ineffective hematopoiesis and high risk of transformation into acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Genetic mutations are an essential pathogenesis of MDS. In order to analyze gene mutations, clinical features, and their correlation with survival prognosis in patients with MDS, Clinical data of 248 MDS patients were selected for statistical analysis. The gene chip dataset was obtained from GEO and subjected to bioinformatics analysis. Among 248 MDS patients, TET2 was the most common mutated gene (31%), followed by SF3B1 (26%), ASXL1 (23%), SRSF2 (14%), DNMT3A (12%), and RUNX1 (11%). Age, gender, and ASXL1 mutations are independent prognostic factors for OS. Survival analysis showed that co-mutations in the EZH2 or ETV6 genes significantly reduced the survival time of patients with ASXL1 mutations. Based on the KEGG and IPP analysis results, the MYC gene may be related to the mechanism of action of ASXL1 mutation in MDS patients. Our research findings demonstrate a correlation between gene mutations and survival outcomes. Mutations in ETV6 or EZH2 co-mutations are associated with poorer clinical outcomes in MDS patients carrying ASXL1mt and suggest that MYC may become a potential therapeutic target for MDS patients carrying ASXL1 mutations.
Incidence of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw and associated antiresorptive drugs in adult Finnish population: A registry-based longitudinal study
Authors: Kujanpää Miika , Vuollo Ville , Tiisanoja Antti , Laitala Marja-Liisa , Sándor George K. , Karki Saujanya 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Abstract
This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the incidence of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) and associated antiresorptive drugs in the Finnish population. All adult patients (aged 18 years and older) who were prescribed with antiresorptive drugs (AR) during 2013-2015 were included in this study. A total of n=58367 patients met the inclusion criteria and were followed up until 2020. The outcome variable was the diagnosis of MRONJ during the study period. Patients’ age, gender, type of AR prescribed, reason for using AR drugs, route of administration, use of corticosteroids, use of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors were used as covariates. The incidence of MRONJ was 0.8% in this study population. The risk of developing MRONJ among denosumab users was 5.6 times higher compared to bisphosphonates users. Patients diagnosed with cancer had a 10.8-folds risk of developing MRONJ compared to those diagnosed with osteonecrosis. Simultaneous use of corticosteroids and VEGFs in addition to AR drug increased the risk of developing MRONJ by 3.6 and 1.5 times, respectively. In conclusion, male, denosumab, any type of cancer diagnosis, simultaneous use of corticosteroid and VEGF inhibitors were the most noteworthy risk factors for MRONJ.
Evaluating the Utility of Atypical Central Neurocytoma Classification and Treatment Strategies
Authors: Sun Feixia , Yang Zuocheng , Kong Ronghua , Han Song 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The classification and treatment of atypical central neurocytomas (CNs) remain controversial. This study aimed to explore the optimal treatment strategy for this condition.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed data from 61 patients with CNs who underwent surgery at a single institution.
Results
The five-year overall survival (OS) rate (P = 0.015) and progression-free survival (PFS) rate (P = 0.000002) were significantly higher in the complete resection (CR) group compared to the incomplete resection (IR) group. Postoperative radiotherapy did not affect OS (P = 0.255) or PFS (P = 0.398) in the CR group. However, the five-year PFS rate (P = 0.000038) was significantly longer in patients in the CR group who did not receive radiotherapy compared to those in the IR group who did receive radiotherapy. The extent of surgical resection and operative approaches were found to be irrelevant to perioperative complications and dysfunctions at the last follow-up.
Conclusion
CR is the optimal therapeutic approach for atypical CNs, and radiotherapy is not necessary for patients who undergo complete tumor resection. Although the previous definition of atypical CNs may not have significant prognostic value, the overexpression of ten genes may be involved in malignant behaviors and may serve as potential candidate hallmarks for differentiating atypical CNs.
Assessing the determinants of the frequency and contents of antenatal care visits in Bangladesh by using binary logistic regression
Authors: Nayem H M , Sinha Aziz , Tareq Rahman 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The elements of antenatal care (ANC) services covered by ANC visits, in addition to the quantity of ANC visits, have a significant impact on the quality of ANC services. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently advised using a core set of ANC services in addition to a minimum of eight ANC visits to ensure safe motherhood. This study investigated the degree of compliance with the WHO-recommended number and content of ANC services throughout pregnancy in Bangladesh by looking at the levels and factors of frequency and content of ANC visits in Bangladesh. The data for the study comes from the 2017–2018 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), which covered a nationally representative sample of 20,250 ever-married women aged 15–49 years. Data derived from 4,946 mothers who gave birth in the three years preceding the survey constituted the study subjects. Of the 4,946 mothers in the sample, most of them are middle aged and in age group 20–24 (35.4%) and 25–29 (26.2%). Respondents are from all regional place of Bangladesh and most of them are rural (65.6%). Receiving a greater number of ANC services items is significantly positively correlated with the mothers and their husband’s education level. This study also reveals that the higher the wealth indexes the higher the chance of completing ANC visit. In Bangladesh, there has been an unsatisfactory degree of coverage and content of ANC visits. To determine the reasons for Bangladesh's underutilization of ANC services, more research is required. The quality of ANC services in Bangladesh could be raised by having a better grasp of the identified risk factors and implementing them into short- and long-term initiatives.
Nutrients Intake and Physical Activity Levels Assessment Among University Students and Secondary School Students in North Central Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Modupe Abiona , Zha Longying , Segun Asaolu , Olakunle Osisanya 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: In recent years, the escalating prevalence of nutrition-related health issues such as malnutrition, foodborne illnesses, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), obesity, and diabetes has become a significant concern globally. NCDs, which are on the rise in Nigeria, are a significant threat to the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and have been associated with genetic, environmental, and behavioral risk factors. These issues may be avoided by making changes to eating habits, adjusting lifestyle, among other measures. As the nutritional habits and physical activity patterns of students significantly impact their overall health and well-being. This research aims to comprehensively evaluate the nutrient intake, and physical activity levels among university and secondary school students in North Central Nigeria.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a representative sample of university and secondary school students in the North Central region of Nigeria. Participants were surveyed using standardized questionnaires to collect data on nutrients intake and physical activity levels. Nutrient intake was assessed through food frequency questionnaires, while Physical activity levels were determined through the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ).
Results: a final sample of 395 university and secondary school students’ participants were investigated. Preliminary findings reveal varying patterns of nutrient intake and physical activity levels among university and secondary school students. The t-values for energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates range from -1.421 to 2.24, with corresponding p-values above the significance level of 0.05. Indicating that, on average, both groups have comparable macronutrient intake patterns In Mineral intake, significant differences can be seen in phosphorous with a p-value of 0.03. There was no statistically significant association between physical activity levels and the student groups (χ2 = 1.612, p = 0.204 > 0.05).
Conclusion: This research underscores the importance of a holistic approach to promoting health and well-being among university and secondary school students in North Central Nigeria. The findings contribute valuable information for designing effective interventions that address specific challenges related to nutrient intake and physical activity levels, ultimately fostering a healthier lifestyle among the student population.