bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are social pressure, bullying and low social support associated with depressive symptoms, self-harm and self-directed violence among adolescents? A cross-sectional study using a structural equation modeling approach
Authors: Stea Tonje Holte , Bonsaksen Tore , Smith Pierre , Kleppang Annette Løvheim , Steigen Anne Mari , Leonhardt Marja , Lien Lars , Vettore Mario Vianna 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
More in-depth evidence about the complex relationships between different risk factors and mental health among adolescents has been warranted. Thus, the aim of the study was to examine the direct and indirect effects of experiencing social pressure, bullying, and low social support on mental health problems in adolescence.

Methods
A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 among 15 823 Norwegian adolescents, aged 13–19 years. Structural Equation Modelling was used to assess the relationships between socioeconomic status, social pressure, bullying, social support, depressive symptoms, self-harm and suicide thoughts.

Results
Poor family economy and low parental education were associated with high pressure, low parental support and depressive symptoms in males and females. Moreover, poor family economy was associated with bullying perpetration and bullying victimization among males and females, and cyberbullying victimization among females, but not males. Low parental education was associated with bullying victimization among males, but not females. Further, high social pressure was associated with depressive symptoms among males and females, whereas high social pressure was linked to self-harm and suicide thoughts among females, but not males. Bullying victimization and cyberbullying victimization were associated with depressive symptoms, self-harm, and suicide thoughts among males and females. Bullying victimization was associated with depressive symptoms among males, but not females, whereas bullying perpetration was linked to self-harm and suicide thoughts among females, but not males. Low parental support was associated with bullying perpetration, bullying victimization, depressive symptoms, self-harm and suicide thoughts among males and females, whereas low parental support was associated with high social pressure among females, but not males. Low teacher support was associated with high social pressure and depressive symptoms. Low support from friends was associated with bullying victimization, depressive symptoms and suicide thoughts among males and females, whereas low support from friends was linked to self-harm among males, but not females. Finally, results showed that depressive symptoms were associated with self-harm and suicide thoughts among males and females.

Conclusion
Low socioeconomic status, social pressure, bullying and low social support were directly and indirectly associated with depressive symptoms and self-directed violence among Norwegian adolescents.
Temporal network of experience sampling methodology identifies sleep disturbance as a central symptom in generalized anxiety disorder
Authors: Peng Jiaxi , Yuan Shuai , Wei Zihan , Liu Chang , Li Kuiliang , Wei Xinyi , Yuan Shangqing , Guo Zhihua , Wu Lin , Feng Tingwei , Zhou Yu , Li Jiayi , Yang Qun , Liu Xufeng , Wu Shengjun , Ren Lei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
A temporal network of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms could provide valuable understanding of the occurrence and maintenance of GAD. We aim to obtain an exploratory conceptualization of temporal GAD network and identify the central symptom.

Methods
A sample of participants (n = 115) with elevated GAD-7 scores (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Questionnaire [GAD-7] ≥ 10) participated in an online daily diary study in which they reported their GAD symptoms based on DSM-5 diagnostic criteria (eight symptoms in total) for 50 consecutive days. We used a multilevel VAR model to obtain the temporal network.

Results
In temporal network, a lot of lagged relationships exist among GAD symptoms and these lagged relationships are all positive. All symptoms have autocorrelations and there are also some interesting feedback loops in temporal network. Sleep disturbance has the highest Out-strength centrality.

Conclusions
This study indicates how GAD symptoms interact with each other and strengthen themselves over time, and particularly highlights the relationships between sleep disturbance and other GAD symptoms. Sleep disturbance may play an important role in the dynamic development and maintenance process of GAD. The present study may develop the knowledge of the theoretical model, diagnosis, prevention and intervention of GAD from a temporal symptoms network perspective.
Smile aesthetics in Pakistani population: dentist preferences and perceptions of anterior teeth proportion and harmony
Authors: Jouhar Rizwan , Ahmed Naseer , Ahmed Muhammad Adeel , Faheemuddin Muhammad , Mosaddad Seyed Ali , Heboyan Artak 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to evaluate dentist perceptions of attractive smiles in the Pakistani population, considering different dental proportions.

Methods
Maxillary casts and digital images were used to create symmetrical representations of anterior teeth. dentists’ preferences for good and bad teeth proportions, width/height ratios, and various dental proportions (golden, recurring esthetic dental (RED), golden percentage, Preston, and local/observed) were assessed using one sample and paired t-test. The Chi-square test was used to determine the gender disparities and factors affecting smile attractiveness. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was taken as significant.

Results
The RED proportion emerged as the preferred choice for normal-sized teeth, with specialists and general dentists favoring it over the golden proportion. For tall teeth, the golden proportion was predominantly preferred. The golden percentage received limited preference for aesthetic smile construction.

Conclusions
The smiles created using the principles of RED proportion were opted as the most attractive by local dentists. Factors such as tooth arrangement, color, and midline were highlighted as essential considerations in aesthetic smile construction.
Age-related knowledge deficit and attitudes towards oral implants: Survey-based examination of the correlation between patient age and implant therapy awareness
Authors: Nitschke Ina , Krüger Kristina , Jockusch Julia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Implantology, as a recognized therapeutic approach, is gaining prominence. The decision-making process and success of implant therapy are closely linked to patient knowledge and expectations. This study aims to explore the association between age and knowledge regarding oral implants.

Methods
Participants were categorized into three age groups (ag): ag 1 (35–44 years), ag 2 (65–74 years), and ag 3 (75 years and older). A total of 400 participants per age group were randomly selected using data from the residents’ registration office of Berlin, Germany. Structured telephone interviews were conducted between 2016 and 2017, employing a 67-item questionnaire covering awareness, information level, cost estimation, attitudes, and experiences with oral implants.

Results
Despite a low overall knowledge level across all age groups, there was no significant correlation between age and knowledge about oral implants. Awareness increased with age. Information sources varied, with friends, acquaintances, and dentists playing key roles. Participants expressed diverse opinions on implants, with durability and stability identified as crucial characteristics. Significant differences in knowledge were observed between age groups regarding awareness, information sources, and perceptions of dentists offering implants.

Conclusions
The study suggests a need for targeted educational programs, emphasizing age-appropriate information sources to enhance health literacy in oral implantology, particularly among older individuals. Educating physicians on oral implant basics is also crucial. Implementing these measures could empower individuals to make informed decisions about oral implant treatment, thereby contributing to improved oral health outcomes.
A feasibility study of a handmade ultrasound-guided phantom for paracentesis
Authors: Huang Chien-Tai , Lin Chih-Hsien , Lin Shao-Yung , Huang Sih‑Shiang , Lien Wan-Ching 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Simulation-based training is effective for ultrasound (US)-guided procedures. However, commercially developed simulators are costly. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of a hand-made phantom for US-guided paracentesis.

Methods
We described the recipe to prepare an agar phantom. We collected the US performance data of 50 novices, including 22 postgraduate-year (PGY) residents and 28 undergraduate-year (UGY) students, who used the phantom for training, as well as 12 emergency residents with prior US-guided experience. We obtained the feedback after using the phantom with the Likert 5-point scale. The data were presented with medians and interquartile ranges (IQRs) and analyzed by the Wilcoxon rank sum test.

Results
While emergency residents demonstrated superior performance compared to trainees, all trainees exhibited acceptable proficiency (global rating of ≥ 3, 50/50 vs. 12/12, p = 1.000) and comparable needle steadiness [5 (5) vs. 5 (5), p = 0.223]. No significant difference in performance was observed between PGYs [5 (4–5)] and UGYs [5 (4–5), p = 0.825]. No significant differences were observed in terms of image stimulation, puncture texture, needle visualization, drainage simulation, and endurance of the phantom between emergency residents and trainees. However, experienced residents rated puncture texture and draining fluid as “neutral” (3/5 on the Likert scale). The cost of the paracentesis phantom is US$16.00 for at least 30 simulations, reducing it to US$6.00 without a container.

Conclusions
The paracentesis phantom proves to be a practical and cost-effective training tool. It enables novices to acquire paracentesis skills, enhances their US proficiency, and boosts their confidence. Nevertheless, further investigation is needed to assess its long-term impact on clinical performance in real patients.

Trial registration
NCT04792203 at the ClinicalTrials.gov.
Robot-assisted surgery and artificial intelligence-based tumour diagnostics: social preferences with a representative cross-sectional survey
Authors: Hölgyesi Áron , Zrubka Zsombor , Gulácsi László , Baji Petra , Haidegger Tamás , Kozlovszky Miklós , Weszl Miklós , Kovács Levente , Péntek Márta 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to assess social preferences for two different advanced digital health technologies and investigate the contextual dependency of the preferences.

Methods
A cross-sectional online survey was performed among the general population of Hungary aged 40 years and over. Participants were asked to imagine that they needed a total hip replacement surgery and to indicate whether they would prefer a traditional or a robot-assisted (RA) hip surgery. To better understand preferences for the chosen method, the willingness to pay (WTP) method was used. The same assessment was conducted for preferences between a radiologist’s and AI-based image analysis in establishing the radiological diagnosis of a suspected tumour. Respondents’ electronic health literacy was assessed with the eHEALS questionnaire. Descriptive methods were used to assess sample characteristics and differences between subgroups. Associations were investigated with correlation analysis and multiple linear regressions.

Results
Altogether, 1400 individuals (53.7% female) with a mean age of 58.3 (SD = 11.1) years filled in the survey. RA hip surgery was chosen by 762 (54.4%) respondents, but only 470 (33.6%) chose AI-based medical image evaluation. Those who opted for the digital technology had significantly higher educational levels and electronic health literacy (eHEALS). The majority of respondents were willing to pay to secure their preferred surgical (surgeon 67.2%, robot-assisted: 68.8%) and image assessment (radiologist: 70.9%; AI: 77.4%) methods, reporting similar average amounts in the first (p = 0.677), and a significantly higher average amount for radiologist vs. AI in the second task (p = 0.001). The regression showed a significant association between WTP and income, and in the hip surgery task, it also revealed an association with the type of intervention chosen.

Conclusions
Individuals with higher education levels seem to accept the advanced digital medical technologies more. However, the greater openness for RA surgery than for AI image assessment highlights that social preferences may depend considerably on the medical situation and the type of advanced digital technology. WTP results suggest rather firm preferences in the great majority of the cases. Determinants of preferences and real-world choices of affected patients should be further investigated in future studies.
Evaluation of heroin-assisted treatment in Norway: protocol for a mixed methods study
Authors: Myklebust Lars Henrik , Eide Desiree , Arnevik Espen A. , Dadras Omid , De Pirro Silvana , Ellefsen Rune , Fadnes Lars T. , Hesse Morten , Kvamme Timo L. , Melis Francesca , Oldervoll Ann , Thylstrup Birgitte , Wusthoff Linda E.C. , Clausen Thomas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Opioid agonist treatment (OAT) for patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) has a convincing evidence base, although variable retention rates suggest that it may not be beneficial for all. One of the options to include more patients is the introduction of heroin-assisted treatment (HAT), which involves the prescribing of pharmaceutical heroin in a clinical supervised setting. Clinical trials suggest that HAT positively affects illicit drug use, criminal behavior, quality of life, and health. The results are less clear for longer-term outcomes such as mortality, level of function and social integration. This protocol describes a longitudinal evaluation of the introduction of HAT into the OAT services in Norway over a 5-year period. The main aim of the project is to study the individual, organizational and societal effects of implementing HAT in the specialized healthcare services for OUD.

Methods
The project adopts a multidisciplinary approach, where the primary cohort for analysis will consist of approximately 250 patients in Norway, observed during the period of 2022–2026. Cohorts for comparative analysis will include all HAT-patients in Denmark from 2010 to 2022 (N = 500) and all Norwegian patients in conventional OAT (N = 8300). Data comes from individual in-depth and semi-structured interviews, self-report questionnaires, clinical records, and national registries, collected at several time points throughout patients’ courses of treatment. Qualitative analyses will use a flexible inductive thematic approach. Quantitative analyses will employ a wide array of methods including bi-variate parametric and non-parametric tests, and various forms of multivariate modeling.

Discussion
The project’s primary strength lies in its comprehensive and longitudinal approach. It has the potential to reveal new insights on whether pharmaceutical heroin should be an integral part of integrated conventional OAT services to individually tailor treatments for patients with OUD. This could affect considerations about drug treatment even beyond HAT-specific topics, where an expanded understanding of why some do not succeed with conventional OAT will strengthen the knowledge base for drug treatment in general. Results will be disseminated to the scientific community, clinicians, and policy makers.

Trial registration
The study was approved by the Norwegian Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics (REK), ref.nr.:195733.
RBP7 functions as a tumor suppressor in HR + breast cancer by inhibiting the AKT/SREBP1 pathway and reducing fatty acid
Authors: Yu Yue , Xu Zhihua , Zhou Hao , Xu Ruyan , Xu Jia , Liu Wenjun , Wu Yuxin , Qiu Yue , Zhang Guangbo , Huang Xue , Chen Yan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Increasing evidence proves that RBP7 plays a significant role in breast cancer (BC). The present study was aimed to investigate the mechanism of RBP7.

Methods
Western Blotting and qRT-PCR were performed for evaluating the expression levels. CCK8, colony forming, xenograft mouse model, wound healing and transwell assays were conducted to examine cell ability of proliferation, invasion and migration. Nile red staining and Oil red O staining were used for testing the lipid.

Results
RBP7 was related to overall survival (OS) in patients with HR + BC. RBP7 protein was significantly decreased in HR + BC tissues and cells. RBP7 suppressed HR + BC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, and inhibited migration and invasion. RBP7 reduced fatty acid in HR + BC cells by inhibiting the AKT/SREBP1 pathway.

Conclusions
RBP7 may function as a tumor suppressor in HR + BC by inhibiting the AKT/SREBP1 pathway and reducing fatty acid.
DEAD box RNA helicase 5 is a new pro-viral host factor for Sindbis virus infection
Authors: Messmer Mélanie , Pierson Louison , Pasquier Charline , Djordjevic Nikola , Chicher Johana , Hammann Philippe , Pfeffer Sébastien , Girardi Erika 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
RNA helicases are emerging as key factors regulating host-virus interactions. The DEAD-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX5, which plays an important role in many aspects of cellular RNA biology, was also found to either promote or inhibit viral replication upon infection with several RNA viruses. Here, our aim is to examine the impact of DDX5 on Sindbis virus (SINV) infection.

Methods
We analysed the interaction between DDX5 and the viral RNA using imaging and RNA-immunoprecipitation approaches. The interactome of DDX5 in mock- and SINV-infected cells was determined by mass spectrometry. We validated the interaction between DDX17 and the viral capsid by co- immunoprecipitation in the presence or absence of an RNase treatment. We determined the subcellular localization of DDX5, its cofactor DDX17 and the viral capsid protein by co-immunofluorescence. Finally, we investigated the impact of DDX5 depletion and overexpression on SINV infection at the viral protein, RNA and infectious particle accumulation level. The contribution of DDX17 was also tested by knockdown experiments.

Results
In this study we demonstrate that DDX5 interacts with the SINV RNA during infection. Furthermore, the proteomic analysis of the DDX5 interactome in mock and SINV-infected HCT116 cells identified new cellular and viral partners and confirmed the interaction between DDX5 and DDX17. Both DDX5 and DDX17 re-localize from the nucleus to the cytoplasm upon SINV infection and interact with the viral capsid protein. We also show that DDX5 depletion negatively impacts the viral replication cycle, while its overexpression has a pro-viral effect. Finally, we observed that DDX17 depletion reduces SINV infection, an effect which is even more pronounced in a DDX5-depleted background, suggesting a synergistic pro-viral effect of the DDX5 and DDX17 proteins on SINV.

Conclusions
These results not only shed light on DDX5 as a novel and important host factor to the SINV life cycle, but also expand our understanding of the roles played by DDX5 and DDX17 as regulators of viral infections.
mmu-miR-374b-5p modulated inflammatory factors via downregulation of C/EBP β/NF-κB signaling in Kupffer cells during Echinococcus multilocularis infection
Authors: Pu Guiting , Li Yanping , Liu Tingli , Li Hong , Wang Liqun , Chen Guoliang , Cao Shanling , Yin Hong , Amuda Tharheer Oluwashola , Guo Xiaola , Luo Xuenong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is an important infectious disease caused by the metacestode larvae of Echinococcus multilocularis, seriously threatening global public health security. Kupffer cells (KCs) play important roles in liver inflammatory response. However, their role in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis has not yet been fully elucidated.

Methods
In this study, qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression level of miR-374b-5p in KCs. The target gene of miR-374b-5p was identified through luciferase reporter assays and loss of function and gains. Critical genes involved in NFκB signaling pathway were analyzed by qRT-PCR and western blot.

Results
This study reported that miR-374b-5p was significantly upregulated in KCs during E. multilocularis infection and further showed that miR-374b-5p was able to bind to the 3'-UTR of the C/EBP β gene and suppressed its expression. The expression levels of NF-κBp65, p-NF-κBp65 and pro-inflammatory factors including iNOS, TNFα and IL6 were attenuated after overexpression of miR-374b-5p while enhanced after suppression of miR-374b-5p. However, the Arg1 expression level was promoted after overexpression of miR-374b-5p while suppressed after downregulation of miR-374b-5p. Additionally, increased protein levels of NF-κBp65 and p-NF-κBp65 were found in the C/EBP β-overexpressed KCs.

Conclusions
These results demonstrated that miR-374b-5p probably regulated the expression of inflammatory factors via C/EBP β/NF-κB signaling. This finding is helpful to explore the mechanism of inflammation regulation during E. multilocularis infection.

Graphical Abstract
Atypical Duplex appendix arising from the ascending colon: a case report
Authors: Elsherbini Ahmed Taha , Atta Mohamed A. , Elshahat Sahar , Emara Mohamed H. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Duplex or vermiform appendix refers to the presence of an appendix beside the naturally occurring one. Although, duplex appendix emerges from the caecum most of the time, yet it is encountered in other parts of the colon. Inflammation of duplex appendix may represent not only a clinical, but also a surgical dilemma, and this would be confusing further among patients who already had prior appendectomy.

Case presentation
We present a case of 29-years old Egyptian male patient with history of appendectomy one and half year before presenting to the emergency department with recurrent acute abdominal pain that was linked to duplex appendicitis abnormally emerged from the mid-ascending colon. The first episode was treated conservatively considering atypical right colon diverticulitis as a potential differential diagnosis. Seven months later the patient was treated by laparoscopic appendectomy and experienced an uneventful pot-operative course.

Conclusion
Duplex appendicitis, though rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of recurrent acute abdomen even after appendectomy.