bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High grade non‐Hodgkins lymphoma in the elderly—12 year experience in the grampian region of scotland
Authors: Neilly Ian J. , Ogston Marie , Bennett Bruce , Dawson Audrey A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective examination of patients with high grade non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (HG NHL) presenting in the Grampian Region of Scotland from 1980–1992 was undertaken to determine the disase characteristics and outcome in patients over the age of 60 years at diagnosis. This group of patients was found to account for 68 per cent of HG NHL presenting in this region. No difference in clinical stage or histology was noted compared to their younger counterparts. The elderly had a signficantly poorer survival with an increase in lymphoma‐related and unrelated deaths. On Cox regression analysis the main survival advantage was conferred by completion of‘radical’ treatment; elderly patients who were given‘radical’ therapy had a median survival of 50 months compared to median survival of 10 months in the‘non‐radical’ group. Patients who had a good performance status at diagnosis had also a significant survival advantage. Histology, clinical stage at diagnosis and age over 60 had no independent significant effect on survival. Not all the factors that resulted in‘non‐radical’ therapy being given are explicable but we conclude that‘radical’ therapy is achievable in 50 per cent of patients over the age of 60 years with an effective outcome and should be pursued in the elderly when the condition of the patient allows.
Diagnosis of avascular necrosis of the femoral head in patients treated for lymphoma
Authors: Ratcliffe Marcia A. , Gilbert Fiona J. , Dawson Audrey A. , Bennett Bruce 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAvascular necrosis of bone (AVNB) is a well‐known but rare complication of chemotherapy for lymphoma with a reported incidence ranging from 1 to 10 per cent. Early diagnosis is essential for optimal therapeutic management. Using MRI, the most sensitive means of detecting the earlier stages of AVNB, 100 patients treated with standard chemotherapy for lymphoma were assessed. Fifteen were found to have changes of AVNB, 10 with early changes but five with advanced segmental collapse of the femoral head. None with AVNB had more than the standard course of corticosteroids.Almost a quarter of the study group complained of joint pain during and/or after their treatment, a third of whom were found to have AVNB; a strong indicator to screen all those with pain. However, 40 per cent of those with AVNB were asymptomatic. The clinical significance of the‘silent hip’ is yet to be elucidated.
Comparison of the performance of anti‐CD7 and anti‐CD38 bispecific antibodies and immunotoxins for the delivery of saporin to a human T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line
Authors: Flavell David J. , Cooper Sue , Okayama Keiko , Emery Loretta , Flavell Sopsamorn U. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have investigated the cytotoxic performance of two different anti‐CD7/anti‐saporin BsAb's (HB2 × DB7‐18 and Q1.1), three anti‐CD38/anti‐saporin BsAb's (OKT10 × RabSap, OKT10 × DB7‐18 and Q4.1) and an anti‐CD7 (HB2‐Sap) and anti‐CD38‐saporin (OKT10‐Sap) immunotoxin for delivering the ribosome inactivating protein (rip) to the human T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line HSB‐2. In the case of CD7 as target molecule the immunotoxin outperformed both anti‐CD7 BsAb's being six times more effective than HB2 × DB7‐18 and 98 times more so than Q1.1 at effectively inhibiting protein synthesis in a dose dependent manner. The chemically constructed HB2 × DB7‐18 BsAb was more effective at inhibiting protein synthesis and cell growth in target HSB‐2 cells in a dose dependent manner than the quadroma produced BsAb Q1.1. Both BsAb demonstrated a prozone effect used at concentrations above 0.1 nM though this was more pronounced for Q1.1 than for HB2 × DB7‐18. The prozone effect was partially though not completely reversed by increasing the concentration of saporin in the system. In the case of CD38 as target molecule the anti‐CD38 IT OKT10‐Sap performed poorly, never actually achieving its IC50. Two BsAb's constructed with monoclonal anti‐saporin Fab arms each recognizing a different epitope on the saporin molecule also performed poorly. IN contrast the BsAb OKT10 × RabSap constructed with Fab derived from a rabbit polyclonal anti‐saporin antiserum performed in a dose dependent manner achieving its IC50 at a concentration of 1.3 nM. This BsAb also exhibited a prozone effect. These results exemplify the importance of cross linking adjacent target molecules on the cell surface in order to achieve effective delivery of saporin to the cell interior.
Molecular evidence for central nervous system involvement in children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Januszkiewicz D. A. , Nowak J. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCentral nervous system (CNS) involvement in children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) would have profound implication for the prognosis and accurate stratification of CNS prophylactic therapy. Using PCR technique with specific primers for V, D and J segments of TCRD gene, the pattern of TCRD gene rearrangements in bone marrow lymphoblasts and in cells from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been investigated. The study involved 21 children at the time of diagnosis with B‐lineage ALL. In nine of 21 patients incomplete TCRDVD gene rearrangement has been found in CSF cells, which was identical to that observed in bone marrow of the same children. It can be concluded that at least in 43 per cent of all analysed cases, there were signs of CNS involvement in newly diagnosed ALL patients.
Transplantation of t‐lymphocyte depleted marrow with an addback of T cells
Authors: Clark Richard E. , Pender Norman 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDepletion of T‐lymphocytes from allogeneic marrow prior to transplantation decreases the risk of serious graft versus host disease (GvHD), but also increases the risk of relapse. We have used a partial T‐cell depletion technique, in the hope of controlling GvHD without compromising relapse risk. Allogeneic marrow was fully T‐cell depleted ex vivo with Campath 1M, and infused together with an‘addback’ of 2 × 105 donor peripheral blood T‐cells/kg in 16 consecutive patients undergoing BMT from HLA‐identical family members. Post‐transplant immunosuppression was with cyclosporin A in conventional dosage.Eight cases developed grade I or II GvHD, limited to the skin in all cases. Only the two grade II cases required steroid therapy; the remainder were easily controlled with simple emollients. No cases of more advanced GvHD were seen. All patients engrafted promptly. With a median follow‐up for the survivors of 976 days, seven cases have relapsed, with an overall projected actuarial disease‐free survival of 37.5 per cent at 36 months. The overall outcome (good control of GvHD but high relapse rate) is therefore similar to that expected in patients receiving fully T‐depleted marrow without post‐transplant immunosuppression.
Tumour incidence in mammary glands transplanted from the strains C3H and O20 into their mammectomized F1‐hybrids
Authors: Dux Anna , Mühlbock O. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIt has been demonstrated that genetic factors play an important role in the genesis of mammary cancer in mice but it was not known if the genetic action is localized in the mammary gland tissues or if the genetic influence is effective through some systemic mechanism. In this investigation the mammary glands from the inbred strains C3Hf and O20, differing in the incidence of mammary tumours, were transplanted into a common host, the F1 hybrid, so that systemic influences would be equal. A difference in susceptibility to tumour development was found between the transplanted C3Hf and O20 mammary glands. In the group of animals free of the agent there is a difference in tumour frequency. In the animals carrying the mammary tumour agent this difference is expressed in the average tumour age at which the tumours develop. The genetic susceptibility in these two strains is, therefore, retained in the transplanted mammary glands.Transplantation per se has no influence on tumour development.Transplanted mammary glands react in the same manner as mammary glands in situ. All transplantations have been done into completely mammectomized hosts to avoid interference with tumours developing in the glands of the host. Investigations with partly mammectomized animals have shown that the mammary tumour frequency and the average tumour age are related to the amount of mammary gland tissue present. A reduction of the mammary gland tissue also reduces the tumour frequency or delays the appearance of mammary tumours.
HeLa cells resistant to bromodeoxyuridine and deficient in thymidine kinase activity
Authors: Kit Saul , Dubbs D. R. , Frearson Peter M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMutant sublines of HeLa S3 cells resistant to growth inhibition by bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR) have been isolated. The resistant cell lines (HeLa BU‐10, HeLa BU‐15, HeLa BU‐25, HeLa BU‐50, and HeLa BU‐100) proliferated in the presence of 10, 15, 25, 50, and 100 μg/ml BUdR, respectively. Extracts from HeLa BU‐25, HeLa BU‐50, and HeLa BU‐100 cells exhibited 2–5 per cent of the thymidine‐3H, deoxyuridine‐3H, and bromodeoxyuridine‐3H phosphorylating activities of parental HeLa S3 cells. HeLa BU‐10 and HeLa BU‐15 cell extracts were also deficient in thymidine kinase activity, yielding approximately 43 per cent and 8 per cent, respectively, the thymidine kinase activity of parental HeLa S3 cells.The deficiency in thymidine kinase activity of HeLa BU‐100 cells was not due to negative feedback inhibition by high levels of BUdR or to interference with the thymidine kinase assay by inhibitors or competing enzymes in the HeLa BU‐100 cell extracts. Following 5 weekly passages in media lacking BUdR, the HeLa BU‐100 cells did not exhibit increased thymidine kinase activity. Moreover, mixtures of extracts from HeLa S3 and HeLa BU‐100 cells displayed a thymidine kinase activity equivalent to the sum of the activities of extracts prepared, respectively, from the HeLa S3 and HeLa BU‐100 cells.Radioautographic studies have shown that after HeLa S3 cells were incubated for 6 hours with thymidine‐3H, 35–45 per cent of the nuclei were heavily labeled with radioactivity. However, fewer HeLa BU‐100 cells displayed labeled nuclei and the nuclei were only lightly labeled.HeLa BU‐100 cell extracts contained normal amounts of thymidylate synthetase, thymidylate kinase, and uridine kinase activities. Following infection by vaccinia virus, high levels of thymidine kinase activity were induced in HeLa BU‐100 cells.
The reaction of rabbits to rous sarcoma virus
Authors: Ahlström C. G. , Mark Joachim 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRous chicken sarcoma virus (strain SR) was injected intramuscularly into new‐born or young rabbits. After an interval of about 2 weeks it induced a fibromatous nodular swelling at the site of injection which always regressed spontaneously after a few weeks. Fibromatous nodules appeared in the liver and lungs after intravenous and sometimes also after intraperitoneal inoculation of the virus. Large amounts of acid mucopoly‐saccharides were found in the fibromatous lesions. In cortisone‐treated rabbits the lesions were usually larger than in untreated controls. Intravenously injected Rous virus was localized to the site of intramuscularly injected carcinogenic and non‐carcinogenic hydrocarbons, producing fibromatous nodules which, however, regressed after a few weeks. Many of the hydrocarbon‐treated rabbits showed numerous fibromatous nodules in the lungs and liver, sometimes also in the spleen and kidneys. Vessels connected to the nodules showed endovasculitis obliterans owing to an attack of the virus on the vessel wall. All attempts to transplant the rabbit tumour to new rabbits failed. Virus could be recovered from early rabbit lesions. It is assumed that the spontaneous regression of the lesions is due to antibodies against virus or against tumour‐specific antigens.
Modification persistante des mitochondries dans des cellules tumorales de hamster transformées par l'adenovirus 12
Authors: Bernhard W. , Tournier P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLe microscope électronique a révélé dans des tumeurs induites chez le hamster par l'adénovirus 12 une anomalie mitochondriale qui intéresse une portion variable du chondriome cellulaire. Cette anomalie est caractérisée par une taille exceptionnelle de ces organites, ou par des atypies, diverses de leur structure interne. Les sept tumeurs primitives examinées ont montré ces lésions plus ou moins prononcées qui persistent dans plusieurs lignées cellulaires, entretenues in vitro à travers de nombreux passages, pendant une durée allant jusqu'à deux ans et demi. Réimplantées chez l'animal, ces cellules forment des tumeurs solides dans lesquelles ces lésions restent visibles. Les anomalies persistent également lorsque ces tumeurs greffées sont remises en culture. Ce type d'anomalies mitochondriales n'a été vu ni dans sept tumeurs primitives induites par le virus SV40, ni dans sept tumeurs induites par le virus du polyome ou dans des lignées cellulaires dérivées de ces tumeurs. Le chondriome est toujours resté normal dans 35 cultures de fibroblastes embryonnaires de hamsters normaux, entretenues dans les mémes conditions de culture. Cependant l'apparition de mitochondries géantes et atypiques a été observée dans 8 sur 10 sarcomes primitifs ou greffés, induits par le méthylcholanthrène. Cette modification semble plus sporadique et sa transmission régulière par culture n'est pas encore prouvée. L'ensemble de ces faits est discuté. Tenant compte des découvertes récentes concernant la présence de DNA et de RNA dans les mitochondries, les auteurs se demandent si l'apparition d'un nouveau phènotype mitochondrial et sa transmission de cellule à cellule peuvent étre dues à une action directe de l'agent cancérigène sur ces organites, ou si ce phénomène dépend d'un changement survenu au niveau du noyau.
Leukemogenic activity of centrifugates from irradiated mouse thymus and bone marrow
Authors: Haran‐Ghera Nechama 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe leukemogenic activity of centrifugates from radiation‐induced lymphomas and irradiated tissues of C57BL mice was tested by injecting these directly into 5 to 7‐day‐old thymus implants beneath the kidney capsule in thymectomized irradiated hosts of the same strain. A series of 12 centrifugates from radiation‐induced lymphomas were tested for leukemogenic activity. Of these, six were found to be active, inducing about 14 per cent lymphomas at an average latent period of 166 days. Centrifugates from thymus plus bone marrow taken from irradiated donor mice 5 or 10 days after completion of irradiation demonstrated leukemic activity—an incidence rate of up to 30 per cent. Centrifugates of irradiated tissues taken 20, 30, 45 and 60 days after irradiation showed only borderline activity. Thymic tissue, taken from the same irradiated donor mice, transplanted beneath the kidney capsule of normal hosts, revealed neoplastic transformation only when taken from donors 30 days after completion of the irradiation.Urethane was found to increase the leukemogenic activity of the centrifugate. Centrifugates prepared from tissues taken from mice treated concurrently with X‐rays and urethane 10 days after completion of treatment yielded 75 per cent lymphoma incidence, with a marked decrease in the average latent period. The first passage of this active centrifugate similarly revealed an 80 per cent lymphoma incidence, with a short latent period.Centrifugates of tissues taken 20, 30 and 45 days after irradiation and urethane treatment showed no activity.It is concluded that irradiation causes the “release” of a transmissible leukemogenic agent in C57BL mice, and that urethane potentiates the activity of this agent.
Morphologic, cytogenetic and virologic studies in vitro of a malignant lymphoma from an African child
Authors: Rabson Alan S. , O'Conor Gregory T. , Baron Samuel , Whang Jacqueline J. , Legallais Frances Y. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA cell line of human lymphoblasts (AL1), derived from a malignant lymphoma involving the jaw of an African child, has been established in a medium containing 20 per cent fetal bovine serum. The cells grow in aggregates in suspension and are morphologically similar to previously described human lymphoma cell lines grown in media containing human serum. The chromosome number distribution was wide, ranging from 40 to 77. The modal number was 46 with a pseudodiploid karyotype. Electron microscopically, herpes‐like virus particles were found in less than 1 per cent of the cells during the first 4 months of culture, but subsequently no cells containing virus particles have been seen. Although the medium was free of human serum which might contain antibodies to many human viruses, numerous and varied attempts to isolate viruses from the cells were unsuccessful.Following the report of interferon production by other cells lines derived from lymphomas of African children, we were able to demonstrate interferon in the supernatant fluids of AL1 cultures. The interferon was demonstrable even when virus particles could no longer be found in the cells electron microscopically. Attempts to serially pass the antiviral activity in the absence of lymphoma cells were unsuccessful. The significance of the interferon production by the lymphoma cells is not known.Cultures of AL1 cells infected with SV40 became SV40 carrier cultures but there were no morphological changes in the lymphoma cells and there was no increase in herpes‐like particles electron microscopically. AL1 cells infected with herpes simplex virus developed degenerative changes, and typical immature and mature herpes particles were seen by electron microscopy in most of the cells. AL1 cultures infected with adenoviruses 7 and 12, vaccinia, reovirus 3 and cytomegalovirus showed no evidence of growth of these viruses in the lymphoma cells and no increase in numbers of herpes‐like virus particles by electron microscopy.
Azo‐dye carcinogenesis. The reactions of 4‐hydroxymethylaminoazobenzene with cytosine derivatives
Authors: Roberts J. J. , Warwick G. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA mixture of formaldehyde and aminoazobenzene condensed readily under physiological conditions to form covalently bound products with purines or pyrimidines and their corresponding nucleosides and nucleotides bearing amino groups. In the case of cytosine derivatives it was established that Mannich type condensations occurred with the pyrimidine amino group and the N‐1 position to form substituted triazines, derived from two molecules of formaldehyde, one of aminoazobenzene and one of the corresponding pyrimidine. The triazine ring structure derived from cytosine was stable at pH values greater than 7, while those derived from cytosine nucleosides and nucleotides opened at the N‐1 position at pH 9. At higher pH values decomposition of these substituted cytosine rings occurred, accompanied by hydrolysis of both methylene bonds. All compounds were hydrolysed by dilute mineral acid into the original constituents. The properties of these in vitro condensation products were compared to those formed by reaction of metabolites of 4‐dimethylaminoazo [G‐3H]‐benzene with RNA in vivo with respect to their stability at different pH values.
Incorporation de thymidine dans L'ADN de cellules de souris et de hamsters infectés par le virus polyome
Authors: Cramer Robert , Feinendegen Ludwig E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractL'incorporation de thymidine‐14C dans l'ADN a été examinée pour une période de 24 heures après infection avec le virus polyome dans le cycle lytique (cellules de souris) et le cycle de transformation (cellules BHK 21 de hamsters).Dans le cas du cycle lytique, l'incorporation de thymidine‐14C a été inhibée entre la 4e et la 7e heure et stimulée à partir de la 12e heure. Les mitoses étaient presque complétement absentes à partir de la 4e heure.Dans le cycle de transformation il n'y avait pas de diminution significative de l'incorporation de thymidine dans l'ADN. Pendant la période initiale on a observé une stimulation qui n'était que temporaire entre la 8e et la 14e heure suivant l'infection.La diminution de l'incorporation de thymidine 5 heures après infection dans les cellules de souris (cycle lytique) a été examinée de plus près. D'après ces recherches, elle serait surtout due à une dilution du pool acidosoluble par des catabolites d'ADN correspondant à moins de 10% de l'ADN cellulaire.
Concentration and purification in density gradients of virus from gross lymphoma homogenates
Authors: Wahren Britta 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHomogenates of Gross lymphomas and lymphomas of no known viral origin were concentrated, using the density gradient centrifugation method. The fractions revealed virus‐like particles in Gross lymphoma gradients at a density of 1.16–1.18. The same fractions were shown to contain material rich in ribonucleic acid, which was not found in similarly prepared homogenate fractions of normal tissues or of lymphomas of no known viral origin.
The metabolism of tritiated thioacetamide in the rat
Authors: Rees K. R. , Rowland G. F. , Varcoe J. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA method is described for preparing tritiated thioacetamide.Thioacetamide‐3H was fed daily to rats at a level which is known to produce liver tumours after six months' feeding. It was shown that less than 1% was excreted unchanged in the urine. Radioactivity was found in all the organs examined and in the chemical constituents of all cell fractions of the liver suggesting metabolism of thioacetamide to acetate.Measurements of the acetate pool size and of the quantity of thioacetamide entering the pool showed that over 95% of the carcinogenic dose of thioacetamide was converted to acetate in 24 hr.Following incubation of thioacetamide with liver slices it was shown that the pathway of metabolism is through acetamide.Liver slices were seen to be three times more active than kidney slices in converting thioacetamide to acetamide and it is suggested that this metabolic step is a necessary prerequisite to the toxic and carcinogenic effects of thioacetamide in the liver.
Increased glycolytic capacity and associated enzyme changes in BHK21 cells transformed with polyoma virus
Authors: Paul J. , Broadfoot M. M. , Walker P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSome features of the metabolism of untransformed and polyoma‐transformed clones of the BHK21 cell strain were studied. 1) No difference in the oxygen uptake of the two groups was detected but in all cases the transformed clones had greater glycolytic capacity than the untransformed clones at pH 7.4, in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. 2) The transformed clones had more hexokinase and isocitric dehydrogenase, and probably more malic dehydrogenase, than the untransformed clones. 3) The untransformed clones had more glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase than the transformed clones. 4) No differences could be detected in 6‐phosphogluconate dehydrogenase or lactic dehydrogenase activity. 5) It is suggested that these differences may be related either to differences in the permeability of the cell membranes to glucose or to an altered rate of synthesis of mucopolysaccharides.