bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of cactus pear pruning waste to improve soil properties and to produce high-quality compost
Authors: Bacchetta Loretta , Canditelli Margherita , Platamone Giovambattista , Procacci Silvia , Di Palma Paolo Roberto , Maccioni Oliviero , Montereali Maria Rita , Alisi Chiara , Forni Cinzia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBio-fertilizers could be a possible solution to help manage bio-waste problems and to maintain soil health conditions, especially in organic farms. Pruning of cactus pear produces from 6 to 10 tons/yearly of cladodes per hectare in specialized Italian orchards, which represents waste and a cost for disposal to farmers. Therefore, the aim of the work was to investigate the effects on soil physical properties, microflora activity, and basil plant growth of powdered pruning waste from cactus pear incorporated in the soil (10%, 20%, 30% 40% w/w). Moreover, we studied a dynamic composting process from fresh cladodes to produce stabilized end-products at the farm level. Our studies demonstrated that holding water ability and bulk density of soil were ameliorated by supplementing dried cladodes. Thus, gravitational and gravimetric water was positively correlated with the increase of added dried cladode in the soil (0.1% and 6.2 g H2O ± 0.3 in samples of 40% mixed soil versus 68% and 3.3 g H2O ± 0.3 in control). Furthermore, bulk density was reduced limiting soil compaction. Preliminary results on microbial activity suggested a possible selection/inhibition of some bacterial strains correlated with the increment of dry cladode supplementation. The basil plants grown in 20% mixed soil showed an increased biomass when compared to the control (+ 21%). Finally, raw cladode proved to be an excellent substrate for aerobic fermentation providing a final product of good quality and high moisture content (65%). These results are particularly relevant in organic agriculture where bio-fertilizers are recommended as economical, eco-friendly solution accessible also to marginal and small farms.
“Dude, Come On, Like, Let’s Just Do the Thing”: Men’s and Women’s Navigations of Sexual Communication and Sexual Consent in Australia
Authors: Waling Andrea , James Alexandra , Moor Lily 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Notions of effective sexual communication and consent have shifted towards an enthusiastic consent framework. This study explored how young cisgender heterosexual men and women apply these concepts in casual sexual encounters.

Methods
Six single-gender and mixed gender focus groups of 44 participants were conducted with young cisgender heterosexual men and women living in Australia in 2021. Participants were asked about their dating and sexual practices, as well as their understanding and navigation of sexual communication and sexual consent practices using vignette methodologies. Findings were analysed using interpretive phenomenological analysis techniques.

Results
The findings highlight tensions between how participants understand what constitutes good practices of sexual communication and consent, and how they expected characters in the vignettes, or themselves, to engage in similar scenarios. These involved (1) gendered power dynamics in sexual encounters; (2) the need for context in universal assumptions; and (3) differences between expectations and personal actions in similar scenarios.

Conclusions
The participants express a high degree of knowledge of what constitutes best practice for sexual communication and sexual consent. However, such knowledge is not necessarily engaged in their lived experiences of sex for a variety of reasons.

Policy Implications
While current educational and health promotion methods for topics such as sexual communication and consent are valuable, they may be limited in efficacy. Sexual encounters are often complex, and are influenced by culture, religion, and various emotions. Decision-making in such situations involves known and unknown variables. A deeper understanding of these processes is needed to develop more nuanced resources.
Valuation of the Teesta River water by Hydro Economic Model
Authors: Hossen M. A. , Connor J. , Ahammed F. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHydro-Economic Models (HEMs) are powerful tools to analyse water scarcity and water management problems. The Teesta River which flows from India to Bangladesh has long been a source of dispute between India and Bangladesh. A win–win solution for the problem is important for the 1.2 billion people of the two neighboring countries. A Hydro-Economic Model (HEM) on the Teesta may provide sufficient information for the solution of the dispute. Most HEMs that treat transboundary water issues consider a narrow scope of water values including agriculture, hydropower, municipal, and tourism. However, water has many additional values. This study adds to the HEM literature by considering the values of fisheries, navigation, environment or sediment transport. A Teesta Hydro-Economic Model (THEM) was developed to represent a large range of economic values of water use during the dry season. Results show that the total water use value for a dry season is USD 41.5 million for India and USD 77 million for Bangladesh. The study shows that the benefit per unit volume of water for hydropower is the lowest among all types of water use. After performing an economic analysis, this study found a potential for trade-off between hydropower use in India and environmental use in Bangladesh. This study gives an idea about how to maximise the benefits from the river and how to mitigate the water sharing dispute.
Kenne Dein Korpus(system) gut?
Authors: Haß Ulrike 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag befasst sich mit Überlegungen, die bei und über Korpusanalysen angestellt werden müssen, die im Zusammenhang mit Wörterbüchern angeboten werden. Dazu werden zwei exemplarische Forschungsfragen an jeweils zwei unterschiedliche Textkorpora gestellt: an eines der Metakorpora der Plattform DWDS (Berlin) und eines der Archive der Korpora des IDS (DeReKo I‑2023). Einmal geht es um Semantik und Pragmatik des Worts Alltagsrassismus, zum zweiten um eine DaF-relevante Frage, nämlich die nach der Häufigkeit verschiedener Arten von Artikelwörtern (einschließlich Begleiterpronomina). Substantive sollen – so die verbreitete Auffassung – immer »mit (bestimmtem) Artikel« gelernt werden. Aber kommen bestimmte Artikel wirklich am häufigsten vor? Im Zentrum des Beitrags stehen die Reflexionen, die bei der Korpusnutzung zu diesen Beispielfragen entstehen. Es wird dabei u. a. deutlich, dass es bei den heute verbreiteten integrierten Systemen aus Korpora und Wörterbüchern keineswegs nur darum geht, die quantitative und qualitative Beschaffenheit eines genutzten Korpus zu kennen, um Rechercheergebnisse angemessen einordnen zu können, sondern dass die digitalen Verbindungen von Korpora und Wörterbuch in Gestalt dieser Systeme den Komplexitätsgrad möglicher Reflexionen in problematischer Weise erhöhen.
Die Lektüre von Texten und Daten
Authors: Bubenhofer Noah 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungIn meinem Artikel hinterfrage ich die traditionelle Trennung zwischen qualitativer und quantitativer Textanalyse und plädiere für eine integrierte Herangehensweise, die ich als Data Philology bezeichne. Ich argumentiere, dass das Lesen von Texten und Daten in ihrer Komplexität keinen grundlegenden Unterschied aufweist, insbesondere wenn man die Rolle diagrammatischer Transformationen, Algorithmisierung und maschineller Prozesse berücksichtigt.Im Zentrum meiner Ausführungen steht die Korpuslinguistik, die durch statistische Methoden und digitale Codierung großangelegte Textanalysen ermöglicht. Diese Ansätze überschreiten die herkömmlichen Grenzen zwischen »close« und »distant reading«. Ich beleuchte, wie Computer als aktive Mitwirkende in Schreib- und Lesepraktiken fungieren und wie digitale wie auch analoge Methoden oft diagrammatische Operationen involvieren, die in komplexe Interpretationsprozesse eingebettet sind.Ich vertrete die Ansicht, dass die Philologie von der Integration datenwissenschaftlicher Methoden profitieren kann, indem sie diese für philologische Forschungsinteressen nutzt. Ziel ist es, einen naiven Datenpositivismus zu vermeiden und statistische Modelle für interpretative Zwecke zugänglich zu machen.Mein Artikel fordert dazu auf, traditionelle Sichtweisen zu überdenken und sich für eine Data Philology zu öffnen, die die neuesten Methoden der Datenanalyse kritisch integriert und für eine breitere Vielfalt an Textanalysen nutzt.Das Abstract wurde maschinell mit ChatGPT (GPT 4.0 vom 3. Januar 2024) auf Basis des Manuskripts erstellt und nur minimal korrigiert.
Organic Waste as a Soundproofing Material: An Experimental Study
Authors: Buluklu Hatice Mehtap , Kocyigit Filiz Bal , Kose Ercan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
The aim of the study is to develop new acoustic materials and panels that high sound transmission loss (STL), low carbon emissions, high sensitivity to human health, and also do not harm the indoor air quality. These materials are currently grown in Turkey and can be easily adopted in the industry. It has been comparatively analyzed that the developed materials can be alternatives to the synthetic materials on the market.

Methods
In the experiment box similar to Alpha Cabin, which was designed and developed before, the STL values were obtained by conducting experiments in the frequency range 500–8000 Hz. with many natural and synthetic materials. In the study, low carbon emission natural materials with a STL of more than 30 dB were selected.

Simulation
The experimentally measured samples were simulated in the acoustic module of the ANSYS program and compared with the results.

Conclusion
The main purpose of choosing cones and walnut shells grown in our country is to contribute to the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere and green areas by increasing the cultivation of pine and walnut trees. In the tests of the samples, it was determined that the highest STL was 63.27 dB in the concave and egg-shaped sample, and 62.41 dB in the concave walnut shell and egg form. It is envisaged that the materials we obtained can be used in the sound insulation of machines and devices that produce 85 dB and above sound harmful to human health according to ILO and WHO standards.
Overview of Spacecraft-Fragmentation Testing
Authors: Lopresti Stefano , Basana Federico , Olivieri Lorenzo , Giacomuzzo Cinzia , Francesconi Alessandro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSpacecraft fragmentation due to collisions with space debris is a major concern for space agencies and commercial entities, since in the next years the production of collisional fragments is expected to become the major source of space debris. Experimental studies have shown that the fragmentation process is highly complex and influenced by various factors, such as the satellite design, the material properties, the velocity and angle of the debris impact, and the point of collision (e.g., central, glancing, on spacecraft appendages). This paper summarizes the current state of research in spacecraft fragmentation, including the methods and techniques used to simulate debris impacts, the characterization of fragment properties and the analysis of the resulting debris cloud. It provides an overview of the main experiments performed, underlining the most critical issues observed. Moreover, it presents a set of experiments performed at the University of Padova and proposes some future directions for this research.
Optimized Convolutional Neural Network Using Hierarchical Particle Swarm Optimization for Sensor Based Human Activity Recognition
Authors: Ankalaki Shilpa , Thippeswamy M. N. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHyperparameter optimization poses a significant challenge when developing deep neural networks. Building a convolutional neural network (CNN) for implementation can be an arduous and time-intensive task. This work proposed an approach to optimize the hyperparameters of one dimensional (1D-CNN) to improve the accuracy of human activity recognition (HAR). The framework includes a parametric depiction of 1D-CNNs along with an optimization process for hyperparameters aimed at maximizing the model's performance. This work designed the method called OPTConvNet for hyperparameter optimization of 1D-CNN using Hierarchical Particle Swarm Optimization (H-PSO). The H-PSO algorithm is designed to optimize the architectural, layer and training parameters of 1D-CNN. The H-PSO optimizes the architecture of the 1D-CNN at initial level. Layer and training hyperparameters will be optimized at the next level. The proposed approach employs an exponential-like inertia weight to fine-tune the balance between exploration and exploitation of particles to prevent premature convergence to a local optimum solution in the PSO algorithm. The H-PSO- CNN is evaluated on publicly available sensor- human activity recognition (S-HAR) datasets namely, UCI-HAR, Daphnet Gait, Opportunity and PAMPA2 datasets.
Interpolation and non-dilatable families of $$\mathcal {C}_{0}$$-semigroups
Authors: Dahya Raj 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe generalise a technique of Bhat and Skeide (J Funct Anal 269:1539–1562, 2015) to interpolate commuting families $$\{S_{i}\}_{i \in \mathcal {I}}$$

{

S
i

}

i
∈
I

of contractions on a Hilbert space $$\mathcal {H}$$
H
, to commuting families $$\{T_{i}\}_{i \in \mathcal {I}}$$

{

T
i

}

i
∈
I

of contractive $$\mathcal {C}_{0}$$

C
0

-semigroups on $$L^{2}(\prod _{i \in \mathcal {I}}\mathbb {T}) \otimes \mathcal {H}$$

L
2

(

∏

i
∈
I

T
)

⊗
H

. As an excursus, we provide applications of the interpolations to time-discretisation and the embedding problem. Applied to Parrott’s construction (1970), we then demonstrate for $$d \in \mathbb {N}$$

d
∈
N

with $$d \ge 3$$

d
≥
3

the existence of commuting families $$\{T_{i}\}_{i=1}^{d}$$

{

T
i

}

i
=
1

d

of contractive $$\mathcal {C}_{0}$$

C
0

-semigroups which admit no simultaneous unitary dilation. As an application of these counter-examples, we obtain the residuality wrt.the topology of uniform $$\textsc {wot}$$

W
O
T

-convergence on compact subsets of $$\mathbb {R}_{\ge 0}^{d}$$

R

≥
0

d

of non-unitarily dilatable and non-unitarily approximable d-parameter contractive $$\mathcal {C}_{0}$$

C
0

-semigroups on separable infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces for each $$d \ge 3$$

d
≥
3

. Similar results are also developed for d-tuples of commuting contractions. And by building on the counter-examples of Varopoulos-Kaijser (1973–74), a 0-1-result is obtained for the von Neumann inequality. Finally, we discuss applications to rigidity as well as the embedding problem, viz. that ‘typical’ pairs of commuting operators can be simultaneously embedded into commuting pairs of $$\mathcal {C}_{0}$$

C
0

-semigroups, which extends results of Eisner (2009–2010).
When parents die: Bereavement, decision-making and achieving adult personhood in rural Togo
Authors: Häberlein Tabea 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDeath has received considerable attention in the social sciences when it comes to rites of passage, for example, funerals, cremations, vigils, or memorial services. As elders pass away, the generations shift, and former youths become elders themselves. This paper presents the case of my host father, a local notable in northern Togo, who died in 2018 and was honoured by an extensive mourning ritual the following year. Drawing on intense and active participant observation, I show the challenges my host sibling group faced in achieving social adulthood. Through daily decision-making processes, this group of grown sons and daughters shaped, manipulated and reorganised the configuration of rituals, addressing issues of succession, conflicts between animist and Christian rites, and whether to classify cattle gifts as ancestral honours or delayed bridal gifts. Making such decisions at the end of elders’ lives is a crucial process for the rising generation to achieve adult social status.
New insights on climate change and adaptation research in Brazil: a bibliometric and bibliographic review
Authors: Chiquetto Júlio Barboza , Nolasco Marcelo Antunes 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe present a thorough analysis of the scientific production in climate change and adaptation in Brazil. We conducted a bibliometric and bibliographic review to reveal and discuss how climate change research has been carried out. We compared a broader climate change research dataset with a more specific climate adaptation research dataset, to understand the main differences and convergence points, and how science conducted from a mitigation and adaptation perspective demonstrates potential to confront the climate change challenges and drivers in Brazil. Four main clusters of investigation within climate change were detected: (1) impacts on forest and plant development, (2) land use and ecology, (3) adaptation/governance, and (4) climate/atmospheric studies. Only about 5% of the total studies on climate change address adaptation, for which three main clusters of research were identified: (1) adaptation actions and policies; (2) urban environment, vulnerability, and health and (3) food and coastal impacts. Although there are strong research trends in climate change for the Amazon Forest, there was less evidence of studies concerning climate adaptation for this and other Brazilian biomes, smaller cities, rural and traditional communities, and poorer regions. Our results shed a light on the more commonly chosen research topics, their strongest points and potential gaps and trends. This can contribute to the scientific communication and implementation of climate actions in Brazil, and a better understanding of the climate science knowledge from the perspective of a middle-income country.
Airborne pollutants collection and analysis based on their fluorescence spectral measurements: a case study on diesel exhaust combustion particles
Authors: Sprincean Veaceslav , Chirita Arcadi , Astilean Simion , Focsan Monica , Craciun Ana-Maria , Paladi Florentin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCollection of the airborne pollutants by using our prototyped device was followed by their analyses based on the performed fluorescence spectral measurements for three samples collected on the quartz substrates and on the surface of a silicon monocrystalline (opaque) wafer. Results for combustion particulate matter from diesel exhaust, including a comparison with air pollutants analysis for microparticles collected on a street in Chisinau city during rush hour, are presented. The strength of the proposed method represents the possibility to study directly the airborne solid microparticles collected on different substrates, and it is suitable for studying air pollution on large areas and at different altitudes by using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Microparticles fluorescence spectroscopy results indicate that the individual particles exhibit composite fluorescence spectra.
European Health Data Space – Is the Proposed Certification System Effective against Cyber Threats?
Authors: Casarosa Federica 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe proposal for a European Health Data Space aims at creating a common space where individuals may control their health data in a trusted and secure way. The objective is not only improving healthcare delivery, but also enhancing the opportunities to use health data for research and innovation. To achieve these results, the proposal implements a mandatory self-certification scheme for European health records systems as well as for wellness devices and applications, setting up essential requirements related to interoperability and security. Although this is the first intervention that sets a horizontal framework that is mandatory for all Member States, the security requirements that are included in the legislative proposal are not sufficiently detailed and comprehensive. Given that cyberthreats are increasing and security incidents affecting health data may potentially have an impact on the lives of patients, it is important that cybersecurity measures are adopted and implemented in the most effective way. The paper will analyse the European Health Data Space proposal pointing to the open issues and doubts that may be emerging and it will compare them with the proposed Cyber Resilience Act, identifying the issues that may be solved thanks to this horizontal regulation and the ones that instead remain open.
Logarithmic Donaldson–Thomas theory
Authors: Maulik Davesh , Ranganathan Dhruv 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Let X be a smooth and projective threefold with a simple normal crossings divisor D. We construct the Donaldson–Thomas theory of the pair

$(X|D)$

enumerating ideal sheaves on X relative to D. These moduli spaces are compactified by studying subschemes in expansions of the target geometry, and the moduli space carries a virtual fundamental class leading to numerical invariants with expected properties. We formulate punctual evaluation, rationality and wall-crossing conjectures, in parallel with the standard theory. Our formalism specializes to the Li–Wu theory of relative ideal sheaves when the divisor is smooth and is parallel to recent work on logarithmic Gromov–Witten theory with expansions.
Transient subglacial water routing efficiency modulates ice velocities prior to surge termination on Sít’ Kusá, Alaska
Authors: Terleth Yoram , Bartholomaus Timothy C. , Liu Jukes , Beaud Flavien , Mikesell Thomas Dylan , Enderlin Ellyn Mary 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Glacier surges are opportunities to study large amplitude changes in ice velocities and accompanying links to subglacial hydrology. Although the surge phase is generally explained as a disruption in the glacier's ability to drain water from the bed, the extent and duration of this disruption remain difficult to observe. Here we present a combination of in situ and remotely sensed observations of subglacial water discharge and evacuation during the latter half of an active surge and subsequent quiescent period. Our data reveal intermittently efficient subglacial drainage prior to surge termination, showing that glacier surges can persist in the presence of channel-like subglacial drainage and that successive changes in subglacial drainage efficiency can modulate active phase ice dynamics at timescales shorter than the surge cycle. Our observations favor an explanation of fast ice flow sustained through an out-of-equilibrium drainage system and a basal water surplus rather than binary switching between states in drainage efficiency.
Should Catholics Support Laws Prohibiting Abortion?
Authors: Ozar David 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIt has been a teaching of the Catholic Church for many centuries that the fact that an act is immoral is not itself a sufficient reason for acts of that kind to be punishable under the law. Therefore, before American Catholics or their bishops actively support laws making abortion illegal and punishable, they must carefully examine such laws to determine whether they are consistent with the common good and thus morally justifiable. This article first turns to the three conditions that Thomas Aquinas offers in the Treatise on Law (Summa Theologica, I-II, QQ. 90-105) that a law must fulfill in order for it to be consistent with the common good. Serious reasons are identified for doubting that laws prohibiting and punishing abortion can fulfill Aquinas’s three conditions. There are also serious reasons based on Catholic teaching, i.e., that we are always obliged to follow our conscience, for concluding that, contrary to the common good, many conscientious persons would be mistakenly punished by such laws. For these reasons, the article proposes that American Catholics and their bishops should reexamine their support for laws punishing abortion and should consider instead actively opposing such laws.