bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in Adolescent Suicide by Method in the US, 1999-2020
Authors: Ormiston Cameron K. , Lawrence Wayne R. , Sulley Saanie , Shiels Meredith S. , Haozous Emily A. , Pichardo Catherine M. , Stephens Erica S. , Thomas Aleah L. , Adzrago David , Williams David R. , Williams Faustine 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceAdolescent suicide in the US is a major public health problem, yet temporal trends in suicide methods by demographics are understudied.ObjectiveTo examine national trends in suicide mortality by method (firearm, poisoning, hanging and asphyxiation, and all other means) from 1999 to 2020 by demographic characteristics.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis serial cross-sectional study used national death certificate data of adolescent (aged 10-19 years) suicide decedents compiled by the National Center for Health Statistics from January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2020. Data analysis was performed from April 1, 2023, to July 9, 2023.ExposuresAge, sex, and race and ethnicity.Main Outcomes and MeasuresTrends in age-standardized mortality rates and average annual percent change (AAPC) in rates were estimated by age, sex, and race and ethnicity for each suicide method.ResultsThis study assessed data from 47 217 adolescent suicide decedents. From 1999 to 2020, suicide by firearm (AAPC, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.1-1.9), poisoning (AAPC, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.0-4.4), hanging and asphyxiation (AAPC, 2.4; 95% CI, 0.2-4.6), and other means (AAPC, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.2-4.6) increased. Rapidly increasing rates were observed among female adolescents for poisoning (AAPC, 4.5; 95% CI, 2.3-6.7) and hanging and asphyxiation (AAPC, 5.9; 95% CI, 5.0-6.8) suicides. From 2007 to 2020, firearm suicides sharply increased among female (annual percent change [APC], 7.8; 95% CI, 6.0-9.5) and male (APC, 5.3; 95% CI, 4.3-6.3) adolescents. Firearm suicide rates increased among Black adolescents from 2012 to 2020 (APC, 14.5; 95% CI, 9.7-19.5), Asian and Pacific Islander adolescents from 2008 to 2020 (APC, 12.0; 95% CI, 9.7-14.5), American Indian and Alaska Native adolescents from 2014 to 2020 (APC, 10.6; 95% CI, 2.6-19.3), and Hispanic or Latino adolescents from 2011 to 2020 (APC, 10.2; 95% CI, 6.3-13.8). During the study period, Black adolescents had the highest average increase in hanging and asphyxiation suicides (AAPC, 4.2; 95% CI, 3.2-5.2). From 2011 to 2020, poisoning suicide deaths increased (APC, 12.6; 95% CI, 8.5-16.7) among female adolescents.Conclusions and RelevanceSuicide rates increased across all methods from 1999 to 2020. Differences were noted by sex, age, and race and ethnicity. Increasing suicide rates among racial and ethnic minoritized youth are especially concerning, and effective prevention strategies are urgently needed.
Multi‐Frequency Ultrasound Directed Self‐Assembly
Authors: Presley Christopher Tre , Guevara Vasquez Fernando , Raeymaekers Bart 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUltrasound‐directed self‐assembly (DSA) utilizes the acoustic radiation force associated with a standing ultrasound wave field to organize particles dispersed in a fluid medium into specific patterns. State‐of‐the‐art ultrasound DSA methods use single‐frequency ultrasound wave fields, which only allow organizing particles into simple, periodic patterns, or require a large number of ultrasound transducers to assemble complex patterns. In contrast, this work introduces multi‐frequency ultrasound wave fields to organize particles into complex patterns. A method is theoretically derived to determine the operating parameters (frequency, amplitude, phase) of any arrangement of ultrasound transducers, required to assemble spherical particles dispersed in a fluid medium into specific patterns, and experimentally validated for a system with two frequencies. The results show that multi‐frequency compared to single‐frequency ultrasound DSA enables the assembly of complex patterns of particles with substantially fewer ultrasound transducers. Additionally, the method does not incur a penalty in terms of accuracy, and it does not require custom hardware for each different pattern, thus offering reconfigurability, which contrasts, e.g., acoustic holography. Multi‐frequency ultrasound DSA can spur progress in a myriad of engineering applications, including the manufacturing of multi‐functional polymer matrix composite materials that derive their structural, electric, acoustic, or thermal properties from the spatial organization of particles in the matrix.
Efficient Protection of Paper‐Based Cultural Relics via In Situ Synthesis of Carbon Dots/Layered Double Hydroxide
Authors: Zhao Jinchan , Zhang Mingliang , Wang Sinong , Cui Zhongjie , Dai Zhenyu , He Haiyang , Qin Shuaitao , Mei Shiliang , Zhang Wanlu , Guo Ruiqian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPaper‐based cultural relics are of great value and have been facing irreversible damage caused by multiple factors, among which acid hydrolysis and ultraviolet photodegradation are the main processes leading to paper deterioration. Paper protection highly relies on a limited range of materials with single functions, and the design of new materials that ensure long‐term safety and efficiency by simultaneously addressing the issues of acidification and UV degradation in paper is highly desired. In this study, the introduction of carbon dots (CDs)‐enhanced layered double hydroxides (LDH) 0D/2D nanohybrids (CDs/Mg‐Al LDH) &nbsp;is proposed as novel dual‐functional materials for paper protection against UV degradation and acidification. Through a CDs‐assisted in situ growth strategy, CDs/Mg‐Al LDH with ultrathin thickness (≈9.1 nm) and CDs‐intercalated structure are achieved. The CDs/Mg‐Al LDH nanohybrids demonstrate high dispersibility, strong UV absorption, and remarkable photostability, resulting in protected‐paper with decelerated acidification, oxidation, and yellowing degradation processes under both accelerated UV‐aging and dry‐heat conditions. Additionally, the protected‐paper can emit uniform blue light under 365 nm UV excitation allows for easy identification of the distributed CDs/Mg‐Al LDH within the paper, marking a unique and practical feature. This research paces a new direction for the protection of paper‐based relics with emerging carbon dots‐based 0D/2D nanomaterials.
Integrated Dual‐Phase Ion Transport Design Within Electrode for Fast‐Charging Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Tu Shuibin , Zhang Yan , Ren Dongsheng , Chen Zihe , Wang Wenyu , Zhan Renming , Wang Xiancheng , Cheng Kai , Ou Yangtao , Duan Xiangrui , Wang Li , Sun Yongming 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe development of fast‐charging lithium‐ion batteries with high energy density is hindered by the sluggish Li+ transport and substantial polarization within graphite electrodes. Herein, this study proposes that the integrated design of liquid electrolyte and solid electrolyte, a dual‐phase electrolyte (DP‐electrolyte), can facilitate Li+ transport within a thick electrode. A 3D Li3PS4 (LPS) network is constructed within the graphite electrode to form the LPS/graphite electrode. This is achieved through the in situ conversion of the P4S16 into the LPS, a process introduced during the slurry processing. Both experimental findings and simulation outcomes indicate that this design mitigates the concentration polarization due to the improved Li+ transport capability with an overall high Li+ transference number within the electrode. With a high capacity of ≈3.1 mAh cm−2 attributed to the graphite electrode, the LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622)||LPS/graphite cells demonstrate superior fast‐charging capability (4 C, 15 min, charging to ≈87.7%) and stable cycling performance (4 C, 700 cycles, ≈80% capacity retention). Furthermore, they exhibit commendable low‐temperature performance. The Ah‐level pouch cell achieves 87.5% recharge in 15 min with an energy density of ≈221.5 Wh kg−1. This work offers an alternative avenue for the advancement of fast‐charging lithium‐ion batteries with practical high energy density.
Development of Synergistically Efficient Ni–Co Pair Catalytic Sites for Enhanced Polysulfide Conversion in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Zhao Chongchong , Huo Feng , Yang Yi , Ruan Jingjing , Chai Fengtao , Xu Hui , Liu Yanxia , Zhang Lan , Cabot Andreu , Sun Zixu , Zhang Yatao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe performance of Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries is constrained by the migration of lithium polysulfide (LiPS), the slow conversion of LiPS, and the significant reaction barrier encountered during the precipitation/dissolution of Li2S throughout the discharge/charge cycle. In this contribution, the study presents Ni–Co dual‐atom catalytic sites on hollow nitrogen‐doped carbon (NiCoNC). Theoretical calculations and experimental data reveal that the dual‐atom catalysts (DACs) accelerate the kinetic conversion of LiPSs and facilitate the formation/decomposition of Li2S during discharging and charging, which minimizes LiPS migration. Consequently, the utilization of S/NiCoNC cathodes manifests a substantial initial capacity of 1348.5 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, exceptional cycling stability with an average capacity degradation rate of 0.028% per cycle over 900 cycles at 0.5 C, and noteworthy rate capability with a capacity of 626 mAh g−1 at 2 C. Electrodes with a higher sulfur loading of 4.5 mg cm−2 and a low electrolyte/sulfur ratio of 8 µL mg−1 exhibit exceptional specific capacities of up to 1236 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, as well as noteworthy capacity retention of 494.2 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 0.2 C. This study effectively showcases the potential of DACs as catalysts for sulfur cathodes, thereby enhancing the overall performance of Li–S batteries.
Programmable DNA Interphase Layers for High‐Performance Anode‐Free Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Ouyang Zhaofeng , Wang Yan , Wang Shuo , Geng Shitao , Zhao Xiaoju , Zhang Xiao , Xu Qiuchen , Yuan Bin , Tang Shanshan , Li Jun , Wang Fei , Yao Guangbao , Sun Hao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAnode‐free lithium (Li) metal batteries are promising candidates for advanced energy storage, attributed to their appealing characteristics such as high energy density, low cost, and convenient production. However, their major challenges lie in the poor cycling and rate performance owing to the inferior reversibility and kinetics of Li plating and stripping, which significantly hinder their real‐world applications. Here, it is demonstrated that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the most important genetic material in nature, can serve as a highly programmable interphase layer for innovation of anode‐free Li metal batteries. It is found that the abundant base pairs in DNA can contribute transient Li–N bonds that facilitate homogeneous Li+ flux, thus resulting in excellent Li plating/stripping kinetics and reversibility even at a harsh areal current of 15 mA cm−2. The anode‐free LiFePO4 full batteries based on an ultrathin (0.12 µm) and ultralight (≈0.01 mg cm−2) DNA interphase layer show high CEs (≈99.1%) over 400 cycles, corresponding to an increase of ≈186% compared with bare copper (Cu) foil. These results shed light on the excellent programmability of DNA as a new family of interphase materials for anode‐free batteries, and provide a new paradigm for future battery innovation toward high programmability, high sustainability, and remarkable electrochemical performance.
Visible Light‐Mediated Defluorination to Access 1,1‐Difluoro‐1,3‐Enynes
Authors: Wang Xu , Huang Wei , Zhang Feng‐Hua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHerein, a visible light‐mediated defluorination reaction to access 1,1‐difluoro‐1,3‐enynes is described. Compared with previous studies, this protocol employs more readily accessible acids as a radical precursor under redox‐neutral conditions. Moreover, the reaction exhibits high compatibility with diverse primary, secondary and tertiary acids, especially natural amino acids and drug‐derived acids. Preliminary mechanistic investigations reveal that a radical pathway is involved in the catalytic cycle.
Peculiarities of the SCLC Effect in Gate‐All‐Around Silicon Nanowire Field‐Effect Transistor Biosensors
Authors: Zhang Yongqiang , Boichuk Nazarii , Pustovyi Denys , Chekubasheva Valeriia , Long Hanlin , Petrychuk Mykhailo , Vitusevich Svetlana 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHigh‐quality liquid gate‐all‐around (LGAA) silicon nanowire (NW) field‐effect transistor (FET) biosensors are fabricated and studied their properties in 1 mm phosphate‐buffered saline solution with pH = 7.4 using transport and noise spectroscopy. At small VDS, the conventional current behavior of FET with a linear dependence on voltage is registered in the output current‐voltage (I‐VM) characteristics with M = 1. At drain‐source voltage VDS > 0.6 V, the I‐V characteristics with stronger power M are revealed. It is shown that the current in LGAA NW FETs follows current proportional to voltage in power M = 4 dependence on small liquid gate voltages. Transport and noise spectroscopy analyses demonstrate that the obtained results are associated with the space‐charge‐limited current (SCLC) effect. Moreover, a strong two‐level random telegraph signal (RTS) is found in the region corresponding to SCLC at VDS values exceeding 0.6 V. The RTS related to single trap phenomena results in a well‐resolved Lorentzian component of noise spectra. The results demonstrate that the SCLC and two‐level RTS phenomenon are correlated effects. They should be taken into account during the development of single‐trap‐based devices, including biosensors.
The six brain‐specific TAU isoforms and their role in Alzheimer's disease and related neurodegenerative dementia syndromes
Authors: Buchholz Sarah , Zempel Hans 
Published: April 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAlternative splicing of the humanMAPTgene generates six brain‐specific TAU isoforms. Imbalances in the TAU isoform ratio can lead to neurodegenerative diseases, underscoring the need for precise control over TAU isoform balance. Tauopathies, characterized by intracellular aggregates of hyperphosphorylated TAU, exhibit extensive neurodegeneration and can be classified by the TAU isoforms present in pathological accumulations.METHODSA comprehensive review of TAU and related dementia syndromes literature was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and preprint server.RESULTSWhile TAU is recognized as key driver of neurodegeneration in specific tauopathies, the contribution of the isoforms to neuronal function and disease development remains largely elusive.DISCUSSIONIn this review we describe the role of TAU isoforms in health and disease, and stress the importance of comprehending and studying TAU isoforms in both, physiological and pathological context, in order to develop targeted therapeutic interventions for TAU‐associated diseases.HighlightsMAPTsplicing is tightly regulated during neuronal maturation and throughout life.TAU isoform expression is development‐, cell‐type and brain region specific.The contribution of TAU to neurodegeneration might be isoform‐specific.Ineffective TAU‐based therapies highlight the need for specific targeting strategies.
Factors influencing the at‐haulback mortality of striped marlin Tetrapturus audax caught by tuna longline fishery in the western Indian Ocean
Authors: Li Xiuzhen , Wang Xuefang , Guo Yingcong , Wu Feng , Zhu Jiangfeng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Striped marlin (Tetrapturus audax) is an oceanic pelagic migratory fish. The stock status of striped marlin in the Indian Ocean is now considered to be overfished and subject to overfishing. Quantifying the level of at‐haulback mortality caused by longline fisheries for tuna and tuna‐like species is critical to reducing fishing pressure and protecting the fate of billfish stocks.
This study was based on data from 2482 longline fishing operations recorded by Chinese observers in the western Indian Ocean from 2012 to 2019. The dataset includes information on the survival status of 774 striped marlin and their corresponding details. We used a generalized linear model (GLM) to analyse the level of at‐haulback mortality and its potential influencing factors. The results indicate that the distribution of 774 striped marlin had a lower jaw‐fork length (LJFL) range from 130 to 220 cm, and 51.5% of the specimens died at the time of haul‐back. The GLM model revealed that quarter, sea‐surface temperature (SST), hook type, LJFL, chlorophyll (CHL) and longitude had significant effects on at‐haulback condition when the fish were retrieved on board, with the quarter and sea surface temperature having the most significant effects. The interaction term between hook type and LJFL also had a significant effect on at‐haulback mortality, with the model predictions showing that mortality increased with LJFL when using circle hooks but decreased when using Japanese tuna hooks.
There has been limited observational analysis of hooking mortality rates for striped marlin, and the present study may provide an important reference for the conservation and management of striped marlin stocks in the Indian Ocean.
The effect of planting grass filter strips on fishes in agricultural headwater streams
Authors: Smiley Peter C. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Grass filter strips (i.e., herbaceous riparian buffers) are a widely used conservation practice in the United States to mitigate the impacts of agriculture on streams and rivers. Yet, only a limited amount of information is available on the effects of grass filter strips on stream fishes and instream habitat conditions and long‐term assessments are rare. The objective of this research was to document the long‐term effects of planting grass filter strips adjacent to channelized agricultural headwater streams on fish community structure and instream habitat.
Fishes, instream habitat and riparian characteristics were sampled from three channelized agricultural headwater streams without grass filter strips, three channelized agricultural headwater streams with grass filter strips and two unchannelized streams having forested riparian habitats in central Ohio from spring of 2006 to autumn of 2015.
Fish species richness, abundance, darter species richness, per cent darters, sunfish species richness, minnow species richness and per cent headwater fishes did not differ among riparian habitat types. Darter species richness and per cent darters differed annually. Mean water depth, velocity, wetted width, instream habitat diversity, dominant grain size and per cent instream wood did not differ among riparian habitat types. Mean water depth, water velocity, wetted width and instream habitat diversity exhibited annual differences. Additionally, mean riparian width, woody vegetation density and per cent canopy cover were greater in forested streams than the unplanted and grass filter strip streams. Riparian characteristics did not differ annually.
The lack of fish community responses 10–13 years after planting grass filter strips is probably due to the lack of corresponding changes in hydrological characteristics, substrate and instream wood amounts. These results suggest that grass filter strips should not be implemented alone but in conjunction with conservation practices that will improve physical habitat quality and water quality.
Lemongrass essential oil micro‐ and nanoencapsulation for industrial application: Production techniques and potential applications
Authors: Moreira da Silva Thais Leticia , Beltrame Flávio Luís , Ferrari Priscileila Colerato 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDue to its characteristic aroma and diverse therapeutic properties, lemongrass essential oil (LEO) has garnered increased attention in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries. However, LEO's volatile nature, low chemical stability, and limited solubility in water limits its applications in the industry. Micro‐ and nanoencapsulation technologies emerge as a promising solution to overcome these challenges. A systematic methodology involving keyword searches in databases was employed to gather relevant literature on LEO micro‐ and nanoencapsulation, providing an extensive overview of techniques, processes, encapsulating materials, and possible applications. Beyond established methods, emerging techniques were explored. This review highlights the critical role of encapsulation in enhancing the thermal and chemical stability, applicability, bioavailability, and controlled release of LEO.
New pyridine‐based chalcones and pyrazolines with anticancer, antibacterial, and antiplasmodial activities
Authors: Ramírez‐Prada Jonathan , Rocha‐Ortiz Juan S. , Orozco Marta I. , Moreno Pedro , Guevara Miguel , Barreto Mauricio , Burbano Maria E. , Robledo Sara , Crespo‐Ortiz Maria del Pilar , Quiroga Jairo , Abonia Rodrigo , Cuartas Viviana , Insuasty Braulio 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNew pyridine‐based chalcones 4a–h and pyrazolines 5a–h (N‐acetyl), 6a–h (N‐phenyl), and 7a–h (N‐4‐chlorophenyl) were synthesized and evaluated by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) against 60 different human cancer cell lines. Pyrazolines 6a, 6c–h, and 7a–h satisfied the pre‐determined threshold inhibition criteria, obtaining that compounds 6c and 6f exhibited high antiproliferative activity, reaching submicromolar GI50 values from 0.38 to 0.45 μM, respectively. Moreover, compound 7g (4‐CH3) exhibited the highest cytostatic activity of these series against different cancer cell lines from leukemia, nonsmall cell lung, colon, ovarian, renal, and prostate cancer, with LC50 values ranging from 5.41 to 8.35 μM, showing better cytotoxic activity than doxorubicin. Furthermore, the compounds were tested for antibacterial and antiplasmodial activities. Chalcone 4c was the most active with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 2 μg/mL against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), while the pyrazoline 6h showed a MIC = 8 μg/mL against Neisseria gonorrhoeae. For anti‐Plasmodium falciparum activity, the chalcones display higher activity with EC50 values ranging from 10.26 to 10.94 μg/mL. Docking studies were conducted against relevant proteins from P. falciparum, exhibiting the minimum binding energy with plasmepsin II. In vivo toxicity assay in Galleria mellonella suggests that most compounds are low or nontoxic.
“My Dead Body”: Development, production, and reception of a documentary that publicly displays the dissection of a human donor
Authors: Smith Claire F. , Stone Danya , Munro Ross , Jayanth Aiden , Hennessy Catherine M. , O'Brien Dominic , Ingram Camilla , Ail Geetika , Koenig Michael , Arnold Laura , Bemment Matthew , Johnston Malcolm 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRecently, there has been an emphasis on keeping the study of anatomy using donor material confined to the domain of medical and allied healthcare professionals. Given the abundance of both accurate and inaccurate information online, coupled with a heightened focus on health following the COVID‐19 pandemic, one may question whether it is time to review who can access learning anatomy using donors. In 2019, Brighton and Sussex Medical School (BSMS) obtained a Human Tissue Authority Public Display license with the aim of broadening the reach of who could be taught using donor material. In 2020, BSMS received its first full‐body donor with consent for public display. Twelve workshops were delivered to student groups who do not normally have the opportunity to learn in the anatomy laboratory. Survey responses (10.9% response rate) highlighted that despite being anxious about seeing inside a deceased body, 95% felt more informed about the body. A documentary “My Dead Body” was filmed, focusing on the rare cancer of the donor Toni Crews. Viewing figures of 1.5 million, and a considerable number of social media comments highlighted the public's interest in the documentary. Thematic analysis of digital and social media content highlighted admiration and gratitude for Toni, the value of education, and that while the documentary was uncomfortable to watch, it had value in reminding viewers of life, their bodies, and their purpose. Fully consented public display can create opportunities to promote health‐conscious life choices and improve understanding of the human body.