bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the diagnostic adequacy of 25-Gauge fork-tip versus franseen versus reverse-bevel-type needles in EUS–guided tissue acquisition: A prospective randomized study with a retrospective control
Authors: Haig Adam , John Andrew St , Vaska Kasturi , Banh Xuan , Huelsen Alexander 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives
EUS–guided fine-needle biopsy (FNB) is an established technique for the acquisition of tissue to diagnose lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and surrounding organs. Recently, newer-generation FNB needles have been introduced, including a second-generation reverse-bevel and the third-generation fork-tip and Franseen needles. We aimed to determine if there was any difference between these needles in terms of cytopathological diagnostic yield, sample cellularity, or sample bloodiness.

Methods
One hundred twenty-seven consecutive patients undergoing EUS–guided FNB of any solid lesion were randomized to use either a Franseen or fork-tip needle in a 1:1 ratio and were compared with 60 consecutive historical cases performed with reverse-bevel needles. Patient and procedure characteristics were recorded. Cases were reviewed by a blinded cytopathologist and graded based on cellularity and bloodiness. Overall diagnostic yield was calculated for each study arm.

Results
One hundred seventy-six cases were eligible for analysis, including 109 pancreatic masses, 24 lymphoid lesions, 17 subepithelial lesions, and 26 other lesions. The final diagnosis was malignancy in 127 cases (72%). EUS–guided FNB was diagnostic in 141 cases (80%) overall and in 89% of cases where malignancy was the final diagnosis. There was no difference in diagnostic yield, sample cellularity, or sample bloodiness between the different needle types. There was no difference in adverse events between groups.

Conclusions
EUS–guided FNB performed using 25-gauge Franseen, fork-tip, and reverse-bevel needles resulted in similar diagnostic yield, sample cellularity, and sample bloodiness. Our results may not be extrapolated to larger-caliber needles of the same design.
First-In-Man Trial of β3-Adrenoceptor Agonist Treatment in Chronic Heart Failure: Impact on Diastolic Function
Authors: Bahrami Hashmat Sayed Zohori , Hasselbalch Rasmus Bo , Søholm Helle , Thomsen Jakob Hartvig , Sørgaard Mathias , Kofoed Klaus Fuglsang , Valeur Nana , Boesgaard Søren , Fry Natasha Alexandria Sarah , Møller Jacob Eifer , Raja Anna Axelsson , Køber Lars , Iversen Kasper , Rasmussen Helge , Bundgaard Henning 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Diastolic dysfunction (DD) in heart failure is associated with increased myocardial cytosolic calcium and calcium-efflux through the sodium–calcium exchanger depends on the sodium gradient. Beta-3-adrenoceptor (β3-AR) agonists lower cytosolic sodium and have reversed organ congestion. Accordingly, β3-AR agonists might improve diastolic function, which we aimed to assess. In a first-in-man, randomized, double-blinded trial, we assigned 70 patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction, New York Heart Association II-III, and left ventricular ejection fraction <40% to receive the β3-AR agonist mirabegron (300 mg/day) or placebo for 6 months, in addition to recommended heart failure therapy. We performed echocardiography and cardiac computed tomography and measured N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide at baseline and follow-up. DD was graded per multiple renowned algorithms. Baseline and follow-up data were available in 57 patients (59 ± 11 years, 88% male, 49% ischemic heart disease). No clinically significant changes in diastolic measurements were found within or between the groups by echocardiography (E/e′ placebo: 13 ± 7 to 13 ± 5, P = 0.21 vs. mirabegron: 12 ± 6 to 13 ± 8, P = 0.74, between-group follow-up difference 0.2 [95% CI, −3 to 4], P = 0.89) or cardiac computed tomography (left atrial volume index: between-group follow-up difference 9 mL/m2 [95% CI, −3 to 19], P = 0.15). DD gradings did not change within or between the groups following 2 algorithms (P = 0.72, P = 0.75). N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide remained unchanged in both the groups (P = 0.74, P = 0.64). In patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction, no changes were identified in diastolic measurements, gradings or biomarker after β3-AR stimulation compared with placebo. The findings add to the previous literature questioning the role of impaired Na+-Ca2+–mediated calcium export as a major culprit in DD. NCT01876433.
A Practical Guide to Understanding and Treating Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Chilbert Maya R. , Woodruff Ashley E. , Rogers Kelly C. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the third leading cause of atherosclerotic morbidity after coronary heart disease and stroke yet is widely underdiagnosed and undertreated. Treatment of risk factors such as diabetes and cigarette smoking can benefit patients with PAD. Patients should have adequate blood pressure and lipid control to decrease clinical manifestations and symptoms of PAD. Use of antithrombotic medications should be individualized to the patient depending on the presence of symptoms, revascularization, and comorbidities. All patient care providers, including physicians, pharmacists, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants, should incorporate PAD screening in their at-risk patients to improve access for appropriate earlier diagnosis, initiation of guideline directed therapy, and risk factor modification to reduce both major adverse CV and limb outcomes. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide an overview of PAD and summarize clinical trial evidence and guideline recommendations for screening and treatment to increase awareness among health care providers to ultimately have a positive impact on patient care.
Associations Among Social Jet Lag, Sleep-Related Characteristics, and Burnout of Nurses in Tertiary Hospitals
Authors: Shen Yingjie , Zhao Mingli , Wei Ning , Zhao Wenya , Han Mengdan , Dai Shuangshuang , Wang Xue , Li Li , Zhang Xiaojing 
Published: March 2024

To investigate the status of social jet lag (SJL) through sociodemographic factors among clinical nurses and examine the correlation with burnout. There has been relatively little research on the possible factors resulting in SJL among nurses in China and its role in burnout. A multicenter cross-sectional study recruited 596 nurses from 7 Chinese hospitals. Online questionnaires were delivered to assess sociodemographics, shift work, SJL, chronotypes, and the burnout of nurses. Nurses had severe levels of SJL. The number of children, forms of employment, specialty area, length of professional service, and chronotypes were the main predictors of SJL. Moreover, SJL affected burnout (emotional exhaustion and deindividuation), and reducing the nurses' SJL could relieve their burnout. Additional evidence-based interventions indicate that reducing the SJL is essential as the nurses are suffering severe job burnout.
The predictive value of systemic immune-inflammation index for long-term cardiovascular mortality in non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Yaşan Mustafa , Özel Ramime , Yildiz Abdulkadir , Savaş Göktuğ , Korkmaz Ahmet 
Published: March 2024

Background
Increased levels of inflammatory markers have been found in association with the severity of coronary atherosclerosis. Systemic immuneinflammation index (SII), which is calculated by multiplying neutrophil and platelet counts and then dividing the result by the lymphocyte count, can also be used as a prognostic indicator in different cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we investigated SII levels and long-term mortality of patients with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).

Methods
This is an observational, single-center study. Two hundred-eight patients who underwent coronary angiography for NSTEMI were included in the study. Patients were divided into 3 tertiles based on SII levels. We researched the relationship between level level and 1, 3 and 5 years mortality (NSTEMI).

Results
One-year mortality of the patients was significantly higher among patients in the upper SII tertile when compared with the lower and middle SII tertile groups [11 (15.9%) vs. 2 (2.9%) and 6 (8.7%); P = 0.008, P = 0.195, respectively). Three-year mortality of the patients was significantly higher among patients in the upper SII tertile when compared with the lower and middle SII tertile groups [21 (30.4%) vs. 5 (7.1%) and 12 (17.4%); P < 0.001, P = 0.072, respectively). Five-year mortality of the patients was significantly higher among patients in the upper SII tertile when compared with the lower and middle SII tertile groups [26 (37.7%) vs. 8 (11.4%) and 15 (21.7%); P < 0.001, P = 0.040, respectively).

Conclusion
Our study showed that NSTEMI patients with higher SII had worse long-term mortality.
Intravascular ultrasound-guided percutaneous coronary intervention for patients with unprotected left main coronary artery lesions
Authors: Bendary Ahmed , Elsaed Ahmed , Tabl Mohamed Abdelshafy , Ahmed ElRabat Khaled , Zarif Bassem 
Published: March 2024

Background
In percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedures for patients with unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA) lesions, intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS) guidance has shown potential for enhancing clinical outcomes. However, studies confirming its superiority to conventional angiographic-guided PCI remain few. This study aimed to assess if IVUS-guided PCI for patients with unprotected LMCA stenosis improves clinical outcomes compared to angiographic-guided PCI.

Methods
This randomized clinical study enrolled 181 patients with ULMCA lesions scheduled for drug-eluting stent implantation. Patients were split into 90 in the IVUS-guided group and 91 in the conventional group. Procedural characteristics, clinical outcomes, and the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) were evaluated for all patients. The risk reduction associated with IVUS-guided PCI was evaluated using a multivariate Cox regression analysis.

Results
Patients who underwent IVUS demonstrated significantly higher pre-dilatation before stenting (88.9% vs. 72.5%, P = 0.005), post-dilatation balloon diameter (4.46 ± 0.48 vs. 4.21 ± 0.49, P < 0.001), stent diameter (3.9 ± 0.4 vs. 3.7 ± 0.3, P = 0.002), and pressure for post dilatation (18 ± 3 vs. 16 ± 2, P = 0.001). Regarding 12-month outcomes, patients who underwent IVUS demonstrated significantly lower MACE (3.3% vs. 18.7%, P < 0.001) than those who underwent the conventional method. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that IVUS was related to 84.4% risk reduction of 1-year MACE (HR = 0.156, 95% CI = 0.044–0.556, P = 0.004).

Conclusion
Compared to angiographic-guided PCI, IVUS-guided PCI resulted in improved clinical results and a markedly reduced risk of MACE in patients with ULMCA lesions.
Comparison of Nausea and Vomiting Incidence After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy With Pretreatment With Haloperidol and Ondansetron: A Randomization Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Karami Ali , Ramadani Elisa , Banifatemi Mahsa , Asmarian Naeimehossadat , Fattahi Saravi Zeinabsadat 
Published: March 2024

Objective:
Nausea and vomiting after surgery are the most common complications. Therefore, we performed this study to compare the effect of ondansetron and haloperidol on nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Patients and Methods:
In this randomized clinical trial, 60 patients candidates for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were allocated to haloperidol (0.05 mg/kg, n = 30) and ondansetron (0.15 mg/kg, n = 30) groups. An Ocular Analog Scale was used to assess postoperative nausea and vomiting. Every 15 minutes in the recovery room, heart rate and blood pressure were measured up to 6 hours after surgery. In addition, patient satisfaction was assessed postoperatively.

Results:
Haloperidol and ondansetron have the same effect on postoperative nausea and vomiting in the recovery room and ward. It was found that the trend of Visual Analog Scale variable changes in the recovery room was similar in the haloperidol and ondansetron group (P = 0.58); it was also true for the ward (P = 0.79). Comparing the length of stay in a recovery room in the 2 groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.19). In addition, the 2 groups did not differ in satisfaction postoperatively (P = 0.82).

Conclusion:
Haloperidol and ondansetron had an equal effect on reducing nausea and vomiting in the recovery room and ward after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patient satisfaction and length of stay in the recovery room did not differ between groups.
Investigation of diffusion time dependence of apparent diffusion coefficient and intravoxel incoherent motion parameters in the human kidney
Authors: Stabinska Julia , Thiel Thomas Andreas , Zöllner Helge Jörn , Benkert Thomas , Wittsack Hans-Jörg , Ljimani Alexandra 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeTo characterize the diffusion time (Δeff) dependence of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM)-related parameters in the human kidney at 3T.MethodsSixteen healthy volunteers underwent an MRI examination at 3T including DWI at different Δeffranging from 24.1 ms to 104.1 ms. The extended mono-exponential ADC, and IVIM models were fitted to the data for each Δeff, and medullary and cortical ADC, (pseudo-) diffusion coefficients (D* and D) and flow-related signal fraction (f) were calculated.ResultsWhen all the data was used for fitting, a trend toward higher ADC with increasing Δeffwas observed between 24.1 and 104.1 ms ([median and interquartile range]: 2.10 [1.94 2.26] to 2.36 [2.09 2.69] x10−3mm2/s for cortex, and 2.24 [2.10 2.36] to 2.64 [2.49 2.78] x10−3mm2/s for medulla). In contrast, no significant differences in ADC were found when only the data acquired at b-values higher than 200 s/mm2was used for fitting. When the IVIM model was applied, cortical and medullary f increased significantly (cortex: 0.24 [0.22 0.30] to 0.54 [0.43 0.63] x10−3mm2/s; medulla: 0.26 [0.23 0.38] to 0.50 [0.39 0.62] x10−3mm2/s) and cortical D (cortex: 1.66 [1.59 1.71] to 1.24 [1.10 1.47] x10−3mm2/s) and cortical D* (cortex: 9.10 [5.50 12.9] to 4.19 [3.84 5.73] x10−3mm2/s) decreased significantly between 24.1 and 104.1 ms.ConclusionRenal perfusion and tubular flow substantially contribute to the observed increase in ADC over a wide range of Δeffbetween 24 and 104 ms.
SRNT Health Equity Network Survey on Authentic Health Disparity/Equity Research
Authors: Addicott Merideth , Hinds Josephine , Mithi Vita , Kypriotakis George , Jacobs Wura , Martinez Sydney A. , Denlinger-Apte Rachel , Phan Lilianna , Levy Douglas E. , Osibogun Olatokunbo , Mosalpuria Kavita , Kumar Danusha Selva , Czaplicki Lauren , Tan Andy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco (SRNT) Health Equity Network (HEN) Evaluation Subcommittee members conducted an open-ended survey regarding what should be considered “authentic” health disparity/equity (HD/E) research and how the SRNT community defines this term. Anonymous surveys were emailed to over 300 SRNT HEN members, and invitees were asked to complete the survey if they conducted HD/E research or engaged in HD/E research in some other way. A total of 26 usable survey responses were collected and qualitatively coded. Respondents were asked to describe “authentic HD/E research”, challenges in their field, and indicators of good and poor quality HD/E research. Respondents expressed that authentic HD/E research investigates disparities/inequalities in health outcomes or access to healthcare services that are specific to communities defined by a social or demographic characteristic. Challenges included lack of funding, a slow rate of recruiting minority populations, and an under-valuation of HD/E research among funders and scientific journals. Indicators of good quality HD/E research were community involvement and a social justice context. Respondents also expressed concerns that poor quality HD/E research could inadvertently harm minoritized communities. As this field grows, we feel it is necessary for experts to set standards for the appropriate conduct of HD/E research, set benchmarks for success, and voice their concerns about the potentially negative impacts of poorly conducted HD/E research.
Meningeal contrast enhancement in multiple sclerosis: assessment of field strength, acquisition delay, and clinical relevance
Authors: Harrison Daniel M. , Allette Yohance M. , Zeng Yuxin , Cohen Amanda , Dahal Shishir , Choi Seongjin , Zhuo Jiachen , Hua Jun 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTBackground/PurposeLeptomeningeal enhancement (LME) on post-contrast FLAIR is described as a potential biomarker of meningeal inflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS). Here we report a comprehensive assessment of the impact of MRI field strength and acquisition timing on meningeal contrast enhancement (MCE).MethodsThis was a cross-sectional, observational study of 95 participants with MS and 17 healthy controls (HC) subjects. Each participant underwent an MRI of the brain on both a 7 Tesla (7T) and 3 Tesla (3T) MRI scanner. 7T protocols included a FLAIR image before, soon after (Gd+ Early 7T FLAIR), and 23 minutes after gadolinium (Gd+ Delayed 7T FLAIR). 3T protocol included FLAIR before and 21 minutes after gadolinium (Gd+ Delayed 3T FLAIR).ResultsLME was seen in 23.3% of participants with MS on Gd+ Delayed 3T FLAIR, 47.4% on Gd+ Early 7T FLAIR (p = 0.002) and 57.9% on Gd+ Delayed 7T FLAIR (p < 0.001 and p = 0.008, respectively). The count and volume of LME, leptomeningeal and paravascular enhancement (LMPE), and paravascular and dural enhancement (PDE) were all highest for Gd+ Delayed 7T FLAIR and lowest for Gd+ Delayed 3T FLAIR. Non- significant trends were seen for higher proportion, counts, and volumes for LME and PDE in MS compared to HCs. The rate of LMPE was different between MS and HCs on Gd+ Delayed 7T FLAIR (98.9% vs 82.4%, p = 0.003). MS participants with LME on Gd+ Delayed 7T FLAIR were older (47.6 (10.6) years) than those without (42.0 (9.7), p = 0.008).Conclusion7T MRI and a delay after contrast injection increased sensitivity for all forms of MCE. However, the lack of difference between groups for LME and its association with age calls into question its relevance as a biomarker of meningeal inflammation in MS.
Gender Biases In Sports Concussions: A Differential Item Functioning Analysis into NCAA Female Athlete Symptom Presentation and Validity of the SCAT3 Checklist
Authors: Edelstein Rachel , Cushing Sydney , Schmidt Karen M. , Horn John Darrell Van 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAs a consequence of sports-related concussions, female athletes have been documented as reporting more symptoms than their male counterparts, in addition to incurring longer periods of recovery. However, the role of gender and its potential influence on symptom reporting and recovery outcomes in concussion management has not been completely explored.Study DesignThis study investigates potential differential item functioning (DIF) related to gender biases within the SCAT3 symptom severity checklist. The data was obtained from the Federal Interagency of Traumatic Brain Injury Research (FITBIR), which included information from the 2014-2017 NCAA and DoD CARE Consortium. A total of 1,258 NCAA athletes (n=473 females andn=785 males) SCAT3 Symptom Severity sub-scores were analyzed across five time points post-concussion: less than six hours post-injury, 24-48 hours post-injury, asymptomatic, unrestricted return to play, and at 6 months.ResultsDuring the recovery phase, women experienced more headaches, pressure in the head, and fatigue than male athletes. Overall, both male and female athletes had equivalent knowledge of concussions, and there was no significant difference in symptom-reporting ability for most items, including emotional-related symptoms. Only during the unrestricted return to play phase were group-level differences detected, with females being more likely to report more severe symptoms than males. However, upon further analysis, it was discovered females exhibit a relatively high difficulty level reporting symptom severity beyond ‘Mild’, therefore the group-level DIF may result from gender biases within the checklist.ConclusionThe present analysis posits that Differential Item Functioning (DIF) in specific symptoms may lead to gender bias. The findings of this study reveal that female athletes tend to exhibit symptomatic behavior upon returning to play, a phenomenon consistent with prior research. However, the possible DIF may provoke biases due to unreliable reporting measures within the SCAT3 symptom severity checklist. Furthermore, explaining why recent literature reports that female athletes do not present as symptomatic upon return to play. Additional research is warranted to determine whether females genuinely experience more symptoms or whether the presence of these potential assessment gender biases obstructs the manifestation of asymptomatic recoveries.
An integrative multi-context Mendelian randomization method for identifying risk genes across human tissues
Authors: Lu Yihao , Xu Ke , Kang Bowei , Pierce Brandon L. , Yang Fan , Chen Lin S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMendelian randomization (MR) provides valuable assessments of the causal effect of exposure on outcome, yet the application of conventional MR methods for mapping risk genes encounters new challenges. One of the issues is the limited availability of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) as instrumental variables (IVs), hampering the estimation of sparse causal effects. Additionally, the often context/tissue-specific eQTL effects challenge the MR assumption of consistent IV effects across eQTL and GWAS data. To address these challenges, we propose a multi-context multivariable integrative MR framework, mintMR, for mapping expression and molecular traits as joint exposures. It models the effects of molecular exposures across multiple tissues in each gene region, while simultaneously estimating across multiple gene regions. It uses eQTLs with consistent effects across more than one tissue type as IVs, improving IV consistency. A major innovation of mintMR involves employing multi-view learning methods to collectively model latent indicators of disease relevance across multiple tissues, molecular traits, and gene regions. The multi-view learning captures the major patterns of disease-relevance and uses these patterns to update the estimated tissue relevance probabilities. The proposed mintMR iterates between performing a multi-tissue MR for each gene region and joint learning the disease-relevant tissue probabilities across gene regions, improving the estimation of sparse effects across genes. We apply mintMR to evaluate the causal effects of gene expression and DNA methylation for 35 complex traits using multi-tissue QTLs as IVs. The proposed mintMR controls genome-wide inflation and offers new insights into disease mechanisms.