bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic characterisation and evaluation of resistance to Fusarium ear rot, fumonisin contamination and agronomic traits in a collection of maize landraces
Authors: Stagnati Lorenzo , Lanubile Alessandra , Soffritti Giovanna , Giorni Paola , Rossi Graziano , Marocco Adriano , Busconi Matteo 
Published: April 2024

Context Maize is a major crop in Italy and is constantly affected by the fungus Fusarium verticillioides, producing ear rot and grain contamination by fumonisins. Finding new genotypes resistant to Fusarium infection is an important goal for the improvement of maize cultivation. Aims The objective of this work was to test a collection of 33 traditional landraces from the Emilia-Romagna (Italy) region for Fusarium ear rot (FER) severity, fumonisin content, and their agronomic performance. Methods Primary ears were artificially inoculated with a toxigenic strain of F. verticillioides in a 2-year experimental trial. The landrace ‘Nostrano di Storo’ and a commercial hybrid of FAO maturity class 300 were also included and used as comparisons representing a well-known and highly valued landrace and a modern flint hybrid, respectively. Key results The collection showed great phenotypic variability for all the agronomic traits assessed and responded differently to the Fusarium infection with percentages of FER ranging from 6.6% to 49.3%, and fumonisins from 4.3 mg/kg to 34.5 mg/kg. Thirteen and six landraces displayed FER percentages and fumonisin content very similar to the hybrid, respectively. Moreover, eight landraces exhibited grain yield values comparable to the hybrid. Interestingly, Va221, Va227 and EMR03 showed the best combination among these three traits. Conclusions This local material can be considered suitable for breeding purposes targeting the development of FER and fumonisin resistant germplasm. Implications The collection may represent a resource for future research aimed at evaluating the response to multiple pathogens and their associated mycotoxins.
Activity of dingoes (Canis familiaris) and their use of anthropogenic resources in the Strzelecki Desert, South Australia
Authors: Meek Paul D. , Ballard Guy A. , Abell James , Milne Heath , Smith Deane , Fleming Peter J. S. 
Published: April 2024

Context Managing human–wildlife conflict where anthropogenic resources are provided is difficult. Providing food, water and shelter can result in over-abundant dingo populations, especially in Australian desert mine sites where managing dingoes, wildlife and humans around waste-management facilities and camps is problematic. Aims To measure and characterise the spatial activities of a population of arid-zone dingoes in relation to resources provided by a Cooper Basin (Strzelecki Desert, South Australia mining operation). The results were used to facilitate effective dingo management. Methods Free-roaming dingoes were captured, their morphometrics and ectoparasite presence recorded, and they were fitted with Iridium (GPS) radio collars. These were used to collect high-fidelity data about individual dingo activity and movements in relation to mine-site infrastructure and the Cooper Basin ecosystem. Key results A high density of dingoes (181 trapped in 2 km2 per 4 years) was associated with the mining operation. Home range/activity area sizes and usage of the anthropogenic landscape showed the following three categories of dingo: desert, peripatetic and tip dingoes. Dingoes reliant on food provisioning at the waste-management facility (WMF) displayed activity areas with a strong focus on the WMF (tip dingoes). Temporal activity patterns of another group of dingoes (peripatetic dingoes) were associated with regular waste-dumping times and normal nocturnal activity away from the WMF. Of the 27 dingoes collared, 30% (i.e. desert dingoes) were not dependent on the WMF, spending more time and a greater area of use in the desert dune system than in the mine-site area. Conclusions On the basis of the capture of 181 dingoes over 4 years and home-range analysis, it is likely that anthropogenic resource provisioning has caused an overabundance of dingoes in the Cooper Basin mine site. However, some of the dingo population remains reliant on native wildlife and resources in the surrounding desert. Managing food waste and excluding dingoes from food, water and shelter will result in a change in the prevalence of dingoes in the mine site, and subsequent reduction in the risk of disease transmission, native wildlife impacts, human conflicts and social pressures on dingoes, influencing them to revert to domestic-dog behaviours. Implications Waste-management facilities where food is dumped provide resources that lead to a change in wild-dingo behaviour, on the basis of their acceptance of human-provided resources, and high abundance. Managing access to anthropogenic resources will reduce the population as well as unwanted or aggressive encounters with humans. Dingoes reliant on food scraps will be encouraged to adjust their activity areas to desert habitat, thereby providing natural hunting opportunities and reduced contact rates with conspecifics, thus potentially reducing pathogen transmission.
Implicit agent se-constructions
Authors: Rodríguez-Castro Mónica , Godev Concepción B. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study provides evidence to support the need for student-translators to be systematically exposed to analyzing
and translating texts that give them the opportunity to observe how implicit agent se-constructions need to be used when
translating from English into Spanish. A corpus of scientific abstracts was analyzed to compare the frequency of implicit agent
se-constructions in abstracts written originally in Spanish and abstracts translated from English into Spanish. Both corpora tools
and t-tests were used for comparing data. The results indicate that the abstracts written originally in Spanish feature a more
frequent use of implicit agent se-constructions than the abstracts translated into Spanish. The researchers propose the use of
scientific abstracts, both originally written in Spanish and translated into Spanish, as pedagogical instruments to model how
implicit agent se-constructions operate, thereby promoting student-translators’ accurate use of such constructions, which are
frequently used not only in scientific abstracts but also in a wide range of language domains in the Spanish language.
Atmospheric pressure uniform dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in a wide air gap initiated from a narrow starting point
Authors: Liu J , Yang Y , Nie L , Liu D , Lu X 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Generating a uniform non-equilibrium plasma in atmospheric pressure air has always been a challenge. It is believed that the maximum spacing for generating a uniform non-equilibrium plasma in atmospheric pressure air, whether using AC or nanosecond pulse drive, is 4 mm. Discharges are always non-uniform when the spacing is greater than 4 mm. In this paper, we propose a new type of dielectric barrier discharge structure to address this challenge. The left end of the structure rapidly increases the discharge spacing from 0.5 mm to 6 mm, while the right side of the main discharge gap maintains a uniform spacing of 6 mm. Nanosecond pulse voltage is used to drive the plasma, an ICCD camera is used to capture the image of the plasma during a discharge pulse cycle, which indicates that a uniform plasma within the 6 mm spacing of the main discharge gap is generated. Upon further reducing the ICCD camera’s exposure time to 20 ns, it is revealed that the uniform plasma is formed due to the rapid propagation of the plasma from left to right at a speed of order of 105 m s−1. Due to the small transverse component of the external electric field, this rapid propagation behavior cannot be due to the external electric field. Therefore, this paper further proposes the hypothesis of electric dipole formation leading to this fast propagation. The hypothesis suggests that the charge separation on the surface of the anode forms an electric dipole, which generates a local discharge at its right end. This local discharge further triggers the discharge in the main gap, and the main gap discharge, in turn, forms a dipole due to charge separation again, by repeating this cycle, the plasma propagates rapidly to the right. Further analysis demonstrates that this dipole can indeed produce a strong electric field of up to 41 kV cm−1 at its right end, which is sufficient to induce a local discharge. Moreover, under such a strong electric field, the electron migration rate can indeed reach 105 m s−1. These findings support the plausibility of this hypothesis.
Accurate blood glucose level monitoring using microwave imaging
Authors: Wang Zengxiang , Xiao Xia , Pang Yanwei , Su Wenling 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Painless and non-invasive detection techniques are needed to replace finger-prick blood collection for people with diabetes. A first-of-its-kind, noninvasive, and continuous blood glucose level (BGL) detection method based on microwave imaging is introduced in this paper. This method avoids the complex task of frequency choice for the design of electromagnetic sensors. A radar-based microwave imaging technology combined with an improved very-deep super-resolution (VDSR-BL) method is presented to obtain high-resolution (HR) microwave images. After image super-resolution reconstruction by VDSR-BL, the peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity index of HR images reach 35.4461 dB and 0.9761, respectively. Then, an ensemble learning strategy based on support vector regression and random forest algorithms is proposed to identify HR microwave images for BGL estimation. The developed detection system has been verified on the medium under tests with different glucose solutions. The final detection results obtain a root mean squared error of 0.1394 mg ml−1 and a mean absolute relative difference of 8.02%, which show good accuracy with clinical acceptance. Meanwhile, we also conducted human trials. A high correlation coefficient (R) of 0.9254 was achieved between the results of microwave imaging and invasive BGL. Together, these results show that microwave imaging offers a promising new approach for noninvasive BGL monitoring.
Trade-off relations of quantum resource theory in Heisenberg models
Authors: Ali Asad , Al-Kuwari Saif , Haddadi Saeed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Studying the relations between entanglement and coherence is essential in many quantum information applications. For this, we consider the concurrence, intrinsic concurrence and first-order coherence, and evaluate the proposed trade-off relations between them. In particular, we study the temporal evolution of a general two-qubit XYZ Heisenberg model with asymmetric spin-orbit interaction under decoherence and analyze the trade-off relations of quantum resource theory. For XYZ Heisenberg model, we confirm that the trade-off relation between intrinsic concurrence and first-order coherence holds. Furthermore, we show that the lower bound of intrinsic concurrence is universally valid, but the upper bound is generally not. These relations in Heisenberg models can provide a way to explore how quantum resources are distributed in spins, which may inspire future applications in quantum information processing.
Misalignment production of vector boson dark matter from axion-SU(2) inflation
Authors: Fujita Tomohiro , Murai Kai , Nakayama Kazunori , Yin Wen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We present a new mechanism to generate a coherently oscillating dark vector field from axion-SU(2) gauge field dynamics during inflation.
The SU(2) gauge field acquires a nonzero background sourced by an axion during inflation, and it acquires a mass through spontaneous symmetry breaking after inflation.
We find that the coherent oscillation of the dark vector field can account for dark matter in the mass range of 10-13 – 1 eV in a minimal setup. In a more involved scenario, the range can be wider down to the fuzzy dark matter region.
One of the dark vector fields can be identified as the dark photon, in which case this mechanism evades the notorious constraints for isocurvature perturbation, statistical anisotropy, and the absence of ghosts that exist in the usual misalignment production scenarios.
Phenomenological implications are discussed.
Scrutinizing coupled vector dark energy in light of data
Authors: Cardona Wilmar , Palacios-Córdoba Jose L. , Valenzuela-Toledo César A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Since current challenges faced by ΛCDM might be hinting at new unravelled physics, here we investigate a plausible cosmological model where a vector field acts as source of dark energy. In particular, we examine whether an energy-momentum exchange between dark energy and dark matter could provide an explanation for current discrepancies in cosmological parameters. We carefully work out equations governing background and linear order perturbations and implement them in a Boltzmann code. We found that a negative coupling makes the dark energy equation of state less negative and closer to a cosmological constant during the matter dominated epoch than an uncoupled vector dark energy model. While the effect of the coupling is hardly noticeable through its effect on matter density perturbations, matter velocity perturbations and gravitational potentials are enhanced at late-times when dark energy dominates. Therefore, data of redshift space distortions help to narrow down these kinds of couplings in the dark sector. We computed cosmological constraints and found common parameters also present in ΛCDM are in good agreement with the Planck collaboration baseline result. Our best fit for a negatively coupled vector field predicts a higher growth rate of matter perturbations at low redshift, thus exacerbating the disagreement with redshift space distortions data. While a positively coupled vector field can lead to power suppression of P
m(k,z = 0) on small scales as well as a lower growth rate of matter perturbations than the standard model, it might compromise the goodness of fit to the CMB angular power spectrum on small scales. We conclude that our negatively coupled vector dark energy model does not solve current tensions (i.e., H
0 and σ
8). Moreover, having three additional parameters with respect to ΛCDM, the negatively coupled vector dark energy model is heavily disfavoured by Bayesian evidence.
Sensitivity of mass sensors enhanced by higher-order exceptional points in an optomechanical system
Authors: He Yong , Chen Qi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We propose a high-sensitivity mass sensor, which is realized by a three-mode optomechanical system composed of an optical cavity with gain, an optical cavity with loss, and a mechanical resonator with loss. When the system’s parameters satisfy certain conditions, a higher-order exceptional point (EP) is shown in the eigenfrequency spectrum. Some particles with a tiny mass deposited in the mechanical resonator can give rise to the mechanical frequency shift so that the higher-order EP splits into three points, which correspond to three eigenfrequency shifts. We can obtain the adsorbed mass by measuring one of the eigenfrequency shifts. By introducing a sensitivity enhancement factor, we demonstrate that an optomechanical system with a higher decay rate can be used to implement a mass sensor with higher sensitivity. Our scheme provides important theoretical guidance for further optimization and improvement of optomechanical mass sensors.
Structure and dynamical properties during solidification of liquid aluminum induced by cooling and compression
Authors: Wu 吴 Min 旻 , Yang 杨 Yong-Qi 永琪 , Wang 王 Yao 垚 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The structural transformation from a liquid into a crystalline solid is an important subject in condensed matter physics and materials science. In the present study, first-principles molecular dynamics calculations are performed to investigate the structure and properties of aluminum during the solidification which is induced by cooling and compression. In the cooling process and compression process, it is found that the icosahedral short-range order is initially enhanced and then begin to decay, the face-centered cubic short-range order eventually becomes dominant before it transforms into a crystalline solid.
The n-resolved single-electron capture in slow O6+–Ne collisions
Authors: Cui 崔 Shucheng 述成 , Xing 邢 Dadi 大地 , Zhu 朱 Xiaolong 小龙 , Su 苏 Maogen 茂根 , Gao 高 Yong 永 , Guo 郭 Dalong 大龙 , Zhao 赵 Dongmei 冬梅 , Zhang 张 Shaofeng 少锋 , Fu 符 Yanbiao 彦飙 , Ma 马 Xinwen 新文 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A study of single-electron capture (SEC) in 18–240 keV O6+–Ne collisions has been conducted employing a combination of experimental and theoretical methodologies. Utilizing a reaction microscope, state-selective SEC cross sections and projectile scattering angle distributions were obtained. The translational energy spectra for SEC reveal the prevailing capture into n = 3 states of the projectile ion, with a minor contribution from n = 4 states. Notably, as the projectile’s energy increases, the relative contribution of SEC n = 4 states increases while that of SEC n = 3 states diminishes. Furthermore, we computed state-selective relative cross sections and angular differential cross sections employing the classical molecular Coulomb over-the-barrier model (MCBM) and the multichannel Landau–Zener (MCLZ) model. A discernible discrepancy between the state-selective cross sections from the two theoretical models is apparent for the considered impact energies. However, regarding the angular differential cross sections, an overall agreement was attained between the current experimental results and the theoretical results from the MCLZ model.
Characterization of calibration solution certified reference material for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by exact matching isotopic dilution mass spectrometry: a case study from the Brazilian Metrology Institute
Authors: Guimarães Evelyn de F , Do Rego Eliane C P , Rodrigues Janaína M , Almeida Renato R R , Carvalho Lucas J , Figueroa-Villar José Daniel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Recertification is a common practice in National Metrology Institutes whenever advances are made in certified reference material (CRM) characterization procedures, which play a key role in metrological traceability. This article compares measurements of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in toluene by gas chromatography isotopic dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) using either an calibration curve or the exact matching approach. The multi-point IDMS calibration curve was used on the original CRM certification and the exact matching approach was carried out on its recertification. The measurement uncertainties by exact matching approach (0.3%–1.0%) were approximately 5 times smaller than those obtained using the calibration curve (1.5%–4.4%) for all PAHs, reducing the uncertainty component due to characterization of PAH CRM. This new characterization study added reliability, increased accuracy and reduced the measurement uncertainty of the Inmetro CRM, with metrological traceability to the International System of Units. The exact-matching isotope dilution is an important technique to value assign organic compounds in CRMs, an action that consolidates the chemical metrology in the Brazilian Metrology Institute.
Temperature-dependent bubble growth under synergistic interactions of hydrogen and helium in tungsten
Authors: Niu Chunjie , Qin Wentao , Suman Siddharth , Ni Weiyuan , Liu Weifeng , Fan Hongyu , Lei Guangjiu , Liu Dongping 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A novel theoretical model based on modified diffusion rate equations is proposed to simulate the retention of hydrogen isotopes and the dynamics of bubble growth in tungsten (W) when exposed to simultaneous hydrogen (H) and helium (He) plasma irradiations. Simulation is conducted to assess the influence of temperature as well as simultaneous H and He irradiation at an increasing fluence. Not only to develop a holistic understanding but also to substantiate simulation findings about synergy between H and He plasma irradiation, a W sample is exposed sequentially to H and He plasma at 873 K using the large-power material irradiation experimental system. The topographical changes in the W sample are investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) after each plasma irradiation exposure sequence. Simulation results reveal that the ability of a bubble containing both H and He to trap adjacent H/He atoms is primarily governed by their individual partial pressure within the bubble. Furthermore, at elevated temperatures, the synergy between H and He significantly enhances the retention of H isotopes in W. AFM micrographs of the W sample exposed to both H and He plasma irradiation show a severely damaged and locally delaminated layer, absent in the sample exposed only to either H or He, conclusively establishing evidence of synergy between H and He irradiation effects. The average bubble radius computed using the model aligns excellently with experimentally determined values obtained through SEM/AFM analysis. The robustness of the proposed model is also assessed by comparing bubble radius and H isotopes retention at various temperatures with experimental data reported in the literature.
AstroPix4 — a novel HV-CMOS sensor developed for space based experiments
Authors: Striebig N. , Leys R. , Peric I. , Caputo R. , Steinhebel A.L. , Suda Y. , Fukazawa Y. , Jadhav M. , Violette D. , Kierans C. , Tajima H. , Metcalfe J. , Perkins J.S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
For the proposed space based gamma-ray observatory All-sky Medium-Energy Gamma-ray
Observatory eXplorer (AMEGO-X), a silicon tracker based on a novel High Voltage-CMOS (HV-CMOS)
sensor called AstroPix, is currently being developed. Preliminary measurements with the first full
reticle prototype AstroPix3 show that the power target of 1.5 mW/cm2 can currently not be
reached due to the digital consumption of 3.08 mW/cm2, while the analog power consumption
of 1.04 mW/cm2 and a break down voltage of over 350 V look promising. Based on
these results, the design changes in AstroPix4, submitted in May 2023, are presented, containing
changes to the time stamp generation and readout architecture. A digital power consumption below
0.25 mW/cm2 is expected by removing the fast 200 MHz clock used to measure the
time-over-threshold (ToT) and an LVDS receiver. A maximum resolution of 3.125 ns for
time-of-arrival (ToA) and ToT is reached by adding per-pixel Flash-Time-to-Digital Converter
(TDCs) controlled by a global delay-locked loop (DLL).