bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osmoregulation, the secretion of arginine vasopressin and its metabolism during pregnancy
Authors: Lindheimer Marshall D , Davison John M 
Published: December 2008

Lindheimer MD, Davison JM. Osmoregulation, the secretion of arginine vasopressin and its metabolism during pregnancy. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:133–43. ISSN 0804–4643
This review stresses changes in osmoregulation as well as the secretion and metabolism of aŕginine vasopressin during pregnancy, focusing on human gestation. Pregnant women experience a decrease in body tonicity, plasma osmolality decreasing immediately after conception to a nadir ~ 10 mosmol/kg below non-pregnant levels early in pregnancy, after which a new steady state is maintained until term. Data from both human and rodent gestation have led to a formation of how these changes occur. The osmotic thresholds for thirst and antidiuretic hormone release decrease in parallel. Lowering the threshold to drink stimulates increased water intake and dilution of body fluids. Because arginine vasopressin (AVP) release is not suppressed at the usual level of body tonicity, the hormone continues to circulate and the ingested water is retained. Plasma osmolality declines until it is below the osmotic thirst threshold, and a new steady state with little change in water turnover is established. Pregnancy is characterized by increments in intravascular volume, but volume-sensing AVP release mechanisms appear to adjust as gestation progresses so that each new volume status is "sensed" as normal. The metabolic clearance of AVP increases fourfold, the rise paralleling that of circulating cystine aminopeptidase (vasopressinase), and enzyme produced by the placenta. Furthermore, the disposal rate of 1-deamino-8-d-AVP, and AVP analogue resistant to inactivation by vasopressinase, is unaltered in pregnancy. Thus, the increase in AVP's metabolism and the high circulating aminopeptidase levels have been implicated in certain forms of transient diabetes insipidus that occur in late pregnancy. Finally, mechanisms responsible for the altered osmoregulation in pregnancy are obscure, but chorionic gonadotropin and relaxin may be implicated in the changes.
M Lindheimer, Section of Nephrology, MC 5100, University of Chicago Hospitals, 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL, USA
Diabetes insipidus and use of desmopressin (Minirin®) during pregnancy
Authors: Källén Bengt AJ , Carlsson Stefan S , Bengtsson Bengt KA 
Published: December 2008

Källén BAJ, Carlsson SS, Bengtsson BKA. Diabetes insipidus and use of desmopressin (Minirin®) during pregnancy. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:144–6. ISSN 0804–4643
With the use of two central health registries in Sweden, the Hospital Discharge Registry and the Medical Birth Registry, we identified 100 infants born of women who had been hospitalized for diabetes insipidus. By checking the medical records of these women, 29 infants were identified whose mothers had diabetes insipidus prior to the pregnancy and had been treated through the pregnancy with desmopressin. These infants had a normal birth weight and gestational length; there was only one congenital malformation identified (a ventricular septum defect with a patent ductus arteriosus and simian lines). This child died at the age of 14 years in a hypophyseal disease. This is the largest material published on desmopressin during pregnancy. The results suggest that maternal diabetes insipidus and treatment with desmopressin during the whole pregnancy does not constitute a major risk for the infant.
Bengt Källén, Tornblad Institute, Biskopsgatan 7, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden
Stimulatory effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on in vitro prolactin secretion and presence of GnRH specific receptors in a subset of human prolactinomas
Authors: Brandi Anne Marie , Barrande Gaëlle , Lahlou Najiba , Crumeyrolle Michèle , Berthet Myriam , Leblanc Pierre , Peillon Françoise , Li Jacques Yuan 
Published: December 2008

Brandi AM, Barrande G, Lahlou N, Crumeyrolle M, Berthet M, Leblanc P, Peillon F, Li JY. Stimulatory effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on in vitro prolactin secretion and presence of GnRH specific receptors in a subset of human prolactinomas. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:163–70. ISSN 0804–4643
The purpose of this study was to determine whether gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) may exert a direct action on human prolactinomas. On a series of 17 adenomas, we studied the effect of GnRH on the in vitro prolactin (PRL) secretion of dispersed and perifused cells of 10 cases and the [125I]GnRH agonist binding on frozen sections of three out of the adenomas studied in perifusion and on the membrane preparations of seven other cases. Two 20-min pulses of GnRH (10−7 mol/l) stimulated the in vitro PRL secretion of three adenomas out of 10 (increase of 200, 444 and 205%, respectively, above basal levels). The GnRH receptors of three adenomas bound GnRH agonist (Des-Gly10-(d-Ala6)-GnRH ethylamide). The binding was specific, with a high affinity (Kd = 0.60, 0.48 and 0.40 nmol/l) similar to that of two human anterior pituitaries obtained post-mortem (Kd = 0.70 and 0.40 nmol/l). Indirect immunoperoxidase revealed that the majority of the cells (60–90%) in all the adenomas studied contained immunoreactive PRL. Four of them also contained cells immunoreactive to the α-subunit of the glycoprotein hormones. In none of the prolactinomas were cells immunoreactive to antiserum of anti-β-luteinizing hormone, anti-β-follicle-stimulating hormone or anti-β-thyrotropin. All the prolactinomas that were responsive to GnRH in perifusion experiments and/or bound specifically to [125I]GnRH agonist were also immunoreactive for α-subunit. These results show that GnRH, via GnRH specific receptors, exerts a stimulation on in vitro PRL secretion in a subset of prolactinomas characterized by the presence of α-subunit.
Anne Marie Brandi, Unité INSERM 223, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, 105 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
Epidermal growth factor (EGF)- and transforming growth factor alpha-stimulated invasion and growth of follicular thyroid cancer cells can be blocked by antagonism to the EGF receptor and tyrosine kinase in vitro
Authors: Hölting Thomas , Siperstein Allan E , Clark Orlo H , Duh Quan-Yang 
Published: December 2008

Hölting T, Siperstein AE, Clark OH, Duh Q-Y. Epidermal growth factor (EGF)- and transforming growth factor alpha-stimulated invasion and growth of follicular thyroid cancer cells can be blocked by antagonism to the EGF receptor and tyrosine kinase in vitro. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:229–35. ISSN 0804–4643
We have shown recently that epidermal growth factor (EGF) enhanced invasion and growth of differentiated thyroid cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The present study analyzed the effects of transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-α) on invasion and growth of a follicular thyroid cancer cell line (FTC133) and whether blocking the EGF receptor by a monoclonal antibody (Mab528) or blocking the tyrosine kinase of the receptor by genistein abolished the EGF- and TFG-α-mediated effects. Growth and invasion (penetration of 8-μm pore polycarbonate membranes coated with Matrigel) were determined by the dimethylthiazol-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Epidermal growth factor (10 ng/l) stimulated invasion of FTC133 by 42% and TGF-α (10 ng/l) stimulated invasion of FTC133 by 27% (p < 0.02). Both growth factors also enhanced growth by 62% (EGF) and 30% (TGF-α) (p < 0.003). Epidermal growth factor receptor antibodies (1 μg/ml) abolished EGF-mediated stimulation of invasion and growth completely and that of TGF-α by 93%. At 100 ng/ml genistein reversed EGF and TGF-α stimulation, and at 1 μg/ml it inhibited invasion (27%) and growth (40%) of unstimulated FTC133 (p < 0.02). We conclude that TGF-α stimulates invasion and growth of follicular thyroid cancer by binding to the EGF receptors, that EGF- and TGF-α-mediated effects can be blocked by antagonism to the EGF receptor and to tyrosine kinase, and that genistein not only neutralized EGF and TGF-α effects but also inhibited invasion and growth of unstimulated FTC133. Therefore, tyrosine kinase activity via other signalling systems must be crucial for basal invasion and growth of follicular thyroid cancer cells in culture.
Thomas Hölting, Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
In vivo and in vitro evidence for the production of inhibin-like immunoreactivity in human adrenocortical adenomas and normal adrenal glands: relatively high secretion from adenomas manifesting Cushing's syndrome
Authors: Nishi Yoshihiro , Haji Masafumi , Takayanagi Ryoichi , Yanase Toshihiko , Ikuyama Shoichiro , Nawata Hajime 
Published: December 2008

Nishi Y, Haji M, Takayanagi R, Yanase T, Ikuyama S, Nawata H. In vivo and in vitro evidence for the production of inhibin-like immunoreactivity in human adrenocortical adenomas and normal adrenal glands: relatively high secretion from adenomas manifesting Cushing's syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:292–9. ISSN 0804–4643
To clarify whether adrenal gland secretes inhibin in vivo in physiological or pathological conditions, we measured the levels of inhibin-like immunoreactivity (inhibin-LI) in adrenal veins (A-vein) and compared them with those in inferior vena cava (IVC) using blood samples obtained at catheterization of adrenal vein in the patients with adrenal adenoma manifesting Cushing's syndrome (Cs), aldosterone-producing adenoma, clinically non-functioning adenoma and normal adrenal gland. The tumor sides of A-veins in the patients with adenomas and also both sides of A-veins in subjects with normal adrenal glands showed significantly higher contents of inhibin-LI than their IVC. When the inhibin-LI secretion rate from adrenal gland was estimated by the difference between the levels of A-vein (tumor side) and IVC, Cs adenomas showed the highest secretion rate. Similarly, the tissue inhibin-LI content and the basal secretion rate of inhibit-LI from primary cultured cells were the highest in Cs adenomas. These findings indicated that normal adrenal glands and adrenocortical adenomas produced and secreted inhibin-LI into the general circulation in vivo and Cs adenomas have relatively high capacity for secreting inhibin-LI, and the present study provided the first in vivo evidence for adrenal inhibin-LI production in pathological conditions
Yoshihiro Nishi, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka 812, Japan
Formation of islet amyloid fibrils in beta-secretory granules of transgenic mice expressing human islet amyloid polypeptide/amylin
Authors: Yagui Kazuo , Yamaguchi Takahide , Kanatsuka Azuma , Shimada Fumio , Huang Choug I , Tokuyama Yoshiharu , Ohsawa Haruhiko , Yamamura Ken-ichi , Miyazaki Jun-ichi , Mikata Atsuo , Yoshida Sho , Makino Hideichi 
Published: December 2008

Yagui K, Yamaguchi T, Kanatsuka A, Shimada F, Huang CI, Tokuyama Y, Ohsawa H, Yamamura K, Miyazaki J. Mikata A, Yoshida S, Makino H. Formation of islet amyloid fibrils in beta-secretory granules of transgenic mice expressing human islet amyloid polypeptide/amylin. Eur J Endocrinol 1995:132:487–96. ISSN 0804–4643
To investigate the relationship between human islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP)/amylin expression and islet amyloid deposits in the pathogenesis of human non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), we developed transgenic mice using a human IAPP cDNA connected to an insulin promoter. Ribonucleic acid blotting and immunohistochemistry revealed the expression of the transgene in the pancreatic beta cells. Immunogold electron microscopy showed that beta-secretory granules contained the human C-terminal flanking peptide of the IAPP precursor. Reverse-phase HPLC demonstrated human and mouse IAPP amide in the pancreas. Electron microscopy showed the accumulation of fibril-like material in a considerable number of beta-secretory granules. These results suggest that in transgenic mice, the human IAPP precursor is expressed in beta cells and becomes normally sorted into beta-secretory granules in which normal conversion to mature human IAPP takes place. The human IAPP molecules, because of their amyloidogenesis, aggregate into amyloid fibrils in secretory granules. Glucose tolerance was normal at 7 months old and islet amyloid was not observed. A longer time may be required for islet amyloid deposits and hyperglycemia to develop in mice. Our working hypothesis is that in human NIDDM, IAPP aggregates into amyloid fibrils in beta-secretory granules, and that the fibrils are released into the extracellular space and islet amyloid deposits become substantial with time.
Azuma Kanatsuka, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Chiba University School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260, Japan
Correlations between bone mineral density, insulin-like growth factor I and auxological variables
Authors: Moreira-Andrés Maria N , Papapietro Karen , Cañizo Francisco J , Rejas Javier , Larrodera Luisa , Hawkins Federico G 
Published: December 2008

Moreira-Andrés MN, Papapietro K, Cañizo FJ, Rejas J, Larrodera L, Hawkins FG. Correlations between bone mineral density, insulin-like growth factor I and auxological variables. Eur J Endocrinol 1995; 132:573–9. ISSN 0804–4643
Recent studies have shown growth-related changes in spinal bone mineral density (BMD) in children; however, there is less information available on the relationship between BMD and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). The aim of this study was to relate the BMD of the spine and radius with serum IGF-I levels and auxological variables in normally growing children. We used dual X-ray absorptiometry to measure the BMD in the lumbar spine (L1–L4) and distal radius of 121 children (69 boys, 52 girls) aged 3–18 years whose growth velocity was normal. Lumbar and radial BMD increased with age (p < 0.001) and puberty (p < 0.001) and was highly correlated to age, weight, height, body surface and bone age (r = 0.70–0.89 and p < 0.001 for all variables). Partial correlation, with age held constant, was weaker but still significant for most auxological variables. Serum IGF-I concentrations increased slowly during childhood and markedly during early stages of puberty, and correlated with lumbar and radial BMD (r = 0.55 and 0.45, respectively; p < 0.001) and with the auxological variables (p < 0.001). When age was held constant, IGF-I levels still correlated significantly with the auxological variables and with BMD, except in the case of radial BMD in boys. By multiple regression analysis IGF-I, unlike auxological variables, did not reach significance in the ability to predict BMD. Therefore, in healthy children, serum IGF-I levels show a weaker relationship to BMD than do auxological variables.
MN Moreira-Andrés, Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Carretera de Andalucia km. 5,4, 28041 Madrid, Spain
Autoimmunity and thyroid function in patients with chronic active hepatitis treated with recombinant interferon alpha-2a
Authors: Preziati Daniela , La Rosa Luigi , Covini Giovanni , Marcelli Rosaria , Rescalli Stefania , Persani Luca , Del Ninno Ersilio , Meroni Pier Luigi , Colombo Massimo , Beck-Peccoz Paolo 
Published: December 2008

Preziati D, La Rosa L, Covini G, Marcelli R, Rescalli S, Persani L, Del Ninno E, Meroni PL, Colombo M, Beck-Peccoz P. Autoimmunity and thyroid function in patients with chronic active hepatitis treated with recombinant interferon alpha-2a. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:587–93. ISSN 0804–4643
The occurrence of thyroid abnormalities and the appearance of organ- and non-organ-specific autoantibodies during long-term recombinant interferon alpha-2a (IFN-α) therapy were studied in 86 and 51 consecutive outpatients with hepatitis C and B virus-related chronic active hepatitis (CAH-HCV and CAH-HBV), respectively. Most patients had longstanding community-acquired hepatitis. At baseline, 9.3% of CAH-HCV and 3.9% of CAH-HBV patients showed clinical and/or biochemical signs of thyroid dysfunction. The remaining patients were euthyroid, although anti-thyroid autoantibodies were found in 33/78 (42.3%) of CAH-HCV and in 5/49 (10.2%) of CAH-HBV patients. During IFN-α treatment, increased anti-thyroid autoantibody levels were seen in 40% of CAH-HCV initially negative patients, while they became detectable in no more than 10% of CAH-HBV patients. Interferon-α-induced hypo- or hyperthyroidism was recorded in 12 of 35 CAH-HCV patients treated for 12 months (34.3%). Only one CAH-HBV patient developed hyperthyroidism. High titers of anti-nuclear auto-antibodies (ANA) were recorded at enrolment in 5/36 (13.8%) of CAH-HCV and in 3/16 (18.7%) of CAH-HBV patients. Only one CAH-HCV patient displayed anti-parietal cell antibodies (PCA). After IFN-α treatment, ANA were found in 10/28 (35.7%) and PCA in 2/28 (7.1%) of CAH-HCV patients, while an additional CAH-HBV patient developed PCA, but not ANA. However, no signs of systemic autoimmune disease were recorded. In conclusion, more than half of the patients with chronic active hepatitis C, but only one-tenth of those with hepatitis B, displayed thyroid- and/or non-organ-specific autoantibodies prior to or during treatment with IFN-α. As most of the antibody-positive patients developed permanent thyroid disorders during IFN-α therapy, the risk of development of organ-specific autoimmunity should be assessed carefully and incorporated in the cost/effectiveness analysis in patients with longstanding hepatitis who are candidates for IFN-α treatment.
Paolo Beck-Peccoz, Institute of Endocrine Sciences, Ospedale Maggiore IRCCS, Padiglione Granelli, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122-Milano, Italy
Opposite effects of thyroid hormones on binding proteins for steroid hormones (sex hormone-binding globulin and corticosteroid-binding globulin) in humans
Authors: Dumoulin Sonia C , Perret Bertrand P , Bennet Antoine P , Caron Philippe J 
Published: December 2008

Dumoulin SC, Perret BP, Bennet AP, Caron PJ. Opposite effects of thyroid hormones on binding proteins for steroid hormones (sex hormone-binding globulin and corticosteroid-binding globulin) in humans. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:594–8. ISSN 0804–4643
Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) levels were evaluated in euthyroid (N = 111), hyper- (N = 58) and hypothyroid (N = 38) men, in pre- and postmenopausal women (study 1) and in hyper- (N = 24) and hypothyroid (N = 15) patients before and after treatment with carbimazole or levothyroxine therapy (study 2). The SHBG levels are increased in hyper- and decreased in hypothyroid patients, whereas CBG levels are increased in hypo- and decreased in hyperthyroid patients. The SHBG levels are higher in women than in men with similar thyroid status. Plasma SHBG levels are correlated positively whereas CBG levels are correlated negatively with free thyroid hormone concentrations in men as well as women. In hypothyroid patients, SHBG concentrations increased (p < 0.01) and CBG concentrations decreased (p < 0.01) during levothyroxine treatment. In hyperthyroid patients, SHBG concentrations decreased (p < 0.01) and CBG concentrations increased (p < 0.01) during antithyroid treatment. The SHBG and CBG concentrations in treated hypo- and hyperthyroid patients were not significantly different from those of euthyroid controls. Our data indicate that SHBG and CBG levels depend on thyroid status. Corticosteroid-binding globulin is an index of thyroid hormone action at the liver level whose changes are opposite to those of SHBG in hyper- and hypothyroidism.
Philippe Caron, Service d'Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques, CHU Rangueil, 1 Avenue J Poulhès, 31054 Toulouse Cedex, France
Fine-needle aspiration cytology of benign nodular thyroid disease. Value of re-aspiration
Authors: Lucas Anna , Llatjós Mariona , Salinas Isabel , Reverter Jordi , Pizarro Eduarda , Sanmarti Anna 
Published: December 2008

Lucas A, Llatjós M, Salinas I, Reverter J, Pizarro E, Sanmarti A. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of benign nodular thyroid disease. Value of re-aspiration. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:677–80. ISSN 0804–4643
Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has become a widespread procedure for the study of thyroid nodules (TN). Some authors recommend the practice of repeated punctures for their follow-up. This study was done to determine the usefulness of repeated FNAC in patients with benign nodular thyroid disease. We have studied 251 fine-needle re-aspirations performed on 116 females aged 45.6 ± 14 years with benign nodular thyroid disease. The time elapsed between each consecutive FNAC was 1 year. No patients presented any changes in the size or consistency of their nodular goiters during this period; all FNACs were carried out by the same physician in the same thyroid area according to the Löwhagen technique, with a minimum of two or three aspirations of each nodule, and processed in the same way and valued by the same cytologist without any knowledge of previous cytological diagnoses. These were done using strictly classical criteria (Löwhagen). One hundred and five out of 116 patients (90.51%) with two consecutive FNACs (210) showed identical cytological diagnoses in the two specimens studied. The remaining 11 patients (9.48%) with two FNACs were diagnosed with colloid goiter and cyst alternately. Fifteen out of 19 patients (78.94%) with three FNACs showed identical cytological diagnoses in the three samples and the rest (21%) also demonstrated alternate diagnoses of colloid goiter and cyst. Our results show that the routine performance of repeated FNAC in the follow-up of females with benign nodular thyroid disease, without any clinical changes, is of limited usefulness.
A Lucas, Endocrinology Service, Hospital Universitari "Germans Trias i Pujol", Ctra. de Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Effects of acute hyperinsulinemia on plasma atrial and brain natriuretic peptide concentrations
Authors: Tanabe Akiyo , Naruse Mitsuhide , Wasada Taro , Naruse Kiyoko , Yoshimoto Takanobu , Omori Yasue , Demura Hiroshi 
Published: December 2008

Tanabe A, Naruse M. Wasada T, Naruse K, Yoshimoto T, Omori Y, Demura H. Effects of acute hyperinsulinemia on plasma atrial and brain natriuretic peptide concentrations. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:693–8. ISSN 0804–4643
Impaired renal sodium excretion and increased plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) levels have been reported in patients with hypertension associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. To clarify the interrelationship between hyperinsulinemia and plasma natriuretic peptides, we investigated the effects of physiological and non-physiological hyperinsulinemia on the plasma ANP and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels. Plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI), ANP and BNP levels were determined by a euglycemic–hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp in 20 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, by a glucose challenge test in 22 normal subjects and by an insulin challenge test in six normal subjects. Both in the glucose clamp and the glucose challenge test, plasma ANP showed a significant increase in association with increased plasma IRI and plasma volume. However, there was no significant correlation between the changes in plasma ANP levels and plasma IRI levels in view of the peak values and the area under the curve of their responses. In addition, the plasma ANP did not show any significant change despite the marked elevation of plasma IRI in the insulin challenge test. There was no significant change in plasma BNP under any of the hyperinsulinemic conditions. These findings provide in vivo evidence for the lack of a direct effect of acute hyperinsulinemia on natriuretic peptides, although the chronic effects of hyperinsulinemia remain to be elucidated.
Akiyo Tanabe, Department of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Endocrinology, Tokyo Women's Medical College, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162, Japan