bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulating the affinity and the selectivity of engineered calmodulin EF‐Hand peptides for lanthanides
Authors: Clainche Loïc Le , Figuet Mélanie , Montjardet‐Bas Véronique , Blanchard Sébastien , Vita Claudio 
Published: April 2006

AbstractA set of engineered peptides (33 amino acids long) corresponding to the helix‐turn‐helix (EF‐Hand) motif of the metal‐binding site I of the protein calmodulin from paramecium tetraurelia have been synthesized. A disulfide bridge has been introduced in the native sequence in order to stabilize a native‐like conformation. The calcium‐binding carboxylate residues in positions 20, 22, 24, and 31 were mutated into other amino acids and the influence of such mutations on the binding affinity of the peptides for calcium and lanthanides have been studied. It was shown that the binding affinity for terbium ions can be modulated with dissociation constants ranging from 40 nmolar to 40 mmolar. The study of the influence of the mutations on the terbium affinity showed that the residue in position 24 played a key role on the capability of the peptides to bind lanthanides and that the affinity could be enhanced by mutations on non‐coordinating positions. Such peptides with high affinity for lanthanides may facilitate the development of new highly sensitive biosensors to monitor the metal pollution in the environment. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
NIR Lanthanide Luminescence by Energy Transfer from Appended Terpyridine–Boradiazaindacene Dyes
Authors: Ziessel Raymond F. , Ulrich Gilles , Charbonnière Loïc , Imbert Daniel , Scopelliti Rosario , Bünzli Jean‐Claude G. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractMononuclear trivalent lanthanide complexes with formula [Ln(L)(NO3)3] [in which L=4,4‐difluoro‐8‐(2′:2′′;6′′:2′′′‐terpyridin‐4′′‐yl)‐1,3,5,7‐tetramethyl‐2,6‐diethyl‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (Boditerpy)] are reported for Ln=Yb, Nd, Er, La and Gd. According to the crystal structure of the Yb complex, the lanthanide ion is bound to the terdentate terpyridine and the inner coordination sphere of the nine‐coordinate lanthanide ion is completed by three bidentate nitrate anions. The coordination polyhedron can be described as a distorted tricapped antiprism. The terpyridine chelate is almost planar and tilted by nearly 60° from the indacene subunit. FT‐IR spectra confirm the bidentate binding mode of the nitrate anions for the other complexes. NMR and ES‐MS spectra (through characteristic isotopic patterns) confirm the chemical formulation. The complexes have high molar absorption coefficients in the visible spectral region (65 000 M−1 cm−1 at 529 nm) and display sizeable NIR luminescence (900 to 1600 nm, for Ln=Yb, Nd and Er), upon irradiation through the electronic state of the indacene moiety at 514 nm. Crystal‐field splitting was analysed at low temperature. The quantum yield of the Yb solution (10−4 M) in dichloromethane amounts to 0.31 %, corresponding to a sensitisation efficacy of the ligand of ca. 63 %.
Pd‐Catalyzed Cyclization of 1‐Allyl‐2‐indolecarboxamides by Intramolecular Amidation of Unactivated Ethylenic Bond.
Authors: Abbiati Giorgio , Beccalli Egle , Broggini Gianluigi , Martinelli Michela , Paladino Giuseppe 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Manganese(II) Oxidation and Mn(IV) Reduction in the Environment — Two One‐Electron Transfer Steps Versus a Single Two‐Electron Step
Authors: Luther George W. III 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chemistry of 1‐Aryl‐6‐azauracil‐5‐carbonitriles
Authors: Frysova Iveta , Mutina Vojtech , Slouka Jan , Hlavac Jan 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Association between adiponectin, insulin resistance, and endometrial cancer
Authors: Soliman Pamela T. , Wu Diana , Tortolero‐Luna Guillermo , Schmeler Kathleen M. , Slomovitz Brian M. , Bray Molly S. , Gershenson David M. , Lu Karen H. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDObesity is a well known risk factor for the development of endometrial cancer; however, weight alone does not account for all cases. The authors hypothesized that insulin resistance also contributes to an increased risk for endometrial cancer. Adiponectin is a protein secreted by adipose cells and has been shown to be a surrogate marker for insulin resistance, with low levels of adiponectin correlated with hyperinsulinemia and degree of insulin resistance. The purpose of the current study was to determine whether there was an independent association between adiponectin level and endometrial cancer.METHODSA case–control study was performed on 117 endometrial cancer patients (cases) and 238 women with no history of cancer (controls). Serum adiponectin levels were measured using enzyme‐linked immunoadsorbent assay and examined for their association with endometrial cancer. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed with adjustment for confounding factors.RESULTSThe mean serum adiponectin levels were significantly lower among cases (88.8 ± 63.3 ng/mL) than among controls (148.2 ± 68.3; P<.001). This inverse correlation continued to be observed after controlling for age, body mass index, diabetes, and hypertension. Cases were significantly more likely to have serum adiponectin levels in the lowest (odds ratio [OR] of 10.5; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 4.49‐24.57 [P<.001]) and intermediate tertiles (OR of 2.5; 95% CI, 1.01‐6.21 [P = .05]) when compared with controls.CONCLUSIONSAdiponectin level was found to be independently and inversely associated with endometrial cancer. Women with endometrial cancer were more likely to have low adiponectin levels than controls, even after adjusting for body mass index. This suggested that insulin resistance is independently associated with endometrial cancer. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
A phase II trial of pegylated interferon α‐2b therapy for polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia
Authors: Samuelsson Jan , Hasselbalch Hans , Bruserud Oystein , Temerinac Snezana , Brandberg Yvonne , Merup Mats , Linder Olle , Bjorkholm Magnus , Pahl Heike L. , Birgegard Gunnar ,   Nordic Study Group for Myeloproliferative Disorders
Published: April 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDConventional interferon‐α (IFN) is an effective treatment for patients with myeloproliferative disorders. However, many patients discontinue therapy because of side effects.METHODSIn this 24‐month, Phase II feasibility study of pegylated interferon α‐2b (PEG‐IFN) treatment, a starting dose of 0.5 μg/kg per week was received by 21 patients with polycythemia vera (PV) and 21 patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET). The treatment objective, a complete platelet response (CR), was a platelet count <400 × 109/L in symptomatic patients and <600 in asymptomatic patients. Neutrophil polycythemia rubra vera‐1 (PRV‐1) messenger RNA expression was analyzed prior to and during therapy. Quality of life (QoL) was investigated by using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ‐C30 questionnaire.RESULTSAt 6 months, 29 of 42 patients (69%) had achieved a CR after a median of 83 days. The CR rate was not related to diagnosis, gender, or previous therapy. Nineteen patients completed the planned 2‐year treatment in CR. No thromboembolic or bleeding complications were observed. Phlebotomy requirements were reduced in the majority of patients with PV. Five of 14 patients (36%) who initially were positive for PRV‐1 achieved normalized PRV‐1 expression under PEG‐IFN treatment. Side effects were the cause of therapy failure in 16 of 23 patients. However, only 8 of 19 patients reported any side effects at 2 years. The QLQ‐C30 revealed clinically significant impairments in several aspects of QoL at 6 months; however, at 2 years, QoL measurements were not different from baseline.CONCLUSIONSPEG‐IFN effectively reduced platelet counts in 29 of 42 patients, but only 19 patients maintained a CR at 2 years. The reversal of PRV‐1 positivity noted in a subset of patients suggested that PEG‐IFN may have an effect on the malignant clone. PEG‐IFN is a valuable therapeutic alternative for patients who tolerate its initial side effects. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Stages in gully evolution and self‐organized criticality
Authors: Sidorchuk Aleksey 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe process of gully erosion at the active stage is far from equilibrium; rather, the gully shows the characteristics of a self‐organizing system that is close to crisis. This qualitative description is similar to the understanding of open dynamic systems at a state of selforganized criticality (SOC). We tried to find the quantitative attributes of SOC in numerical simulations of gully evolution with a dynamic gully erosion model. Three scenarios were used: (1) gully evolution is controlled by initial topography and texture, when the discharge and base level are constant; (2) discharge is constant and the base level lowers over time; (3) the base level is constant and the discharge changes naturally. The results of numerical simulations of gully evolution are consistent with the expectations of the SOC theory. Under the first scenario, when the gully was at the initial active stage of evolution, the system showed all the SOC attributes: a fractal long profile; a ‘red‐noise’ spectrum; and the power‐law frequency–magnitude relationship (FMR). With gully stabilization, the system had lost SOC behaviour and became non‐fractal, with a ‘blue‐noise’ spectrum and exponential FMR. For this scenario SOC criteria can be used to find the boundary between active and stable states of gully evolution. Simulations under the second scenario showed that the riverbed incision made the active stage of the gully evolution with all SOC attributes much longer than with a stable base level. Simulation under the third scenario, with variable discharge (with the elements of SOC), showed that the SOC attributes of the hydrological system could be induced on the landform system. While the gully had evidently reached the stable stage, the process of gully volume change still indicated active‐stage SOC attributes. Therefore some landform systems can really be in the SOC stage, which can diagnose their activity; others only show SOC attributes induced by climatic or hydrologic systems. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expression Analysis of LacZ gene placed in the locus of Cnot7 exhibits its activity in osteoblasts in vivo and in mineralized nodules in vitro
Authors: Washio‐Oikawa Kaoru , Nakamura Takahisa , Usui Michihiko , Yoneda Mitsuhiro , Ezura Youichi , Ishikawa Isao , Nakashima Kazuhisa , Yamamoto Tadashi , Noda Masaki 
Published: April 2006

AbstractCCR4‐NOT complex 7 (Cnot7) was identified as a regulator of gene expression in yeast and evolutionally conserved in mammals. Cnot7 deficient male mice exhibit abnormality in spermatogenesis. As these mice contained construct to express LacZ, we followed the expression patterning in these animals. LacZ was expressed in osteoblasts located in the primary spongiosa in adult mice. Cellular analysis indicated that LacZ is expressed in osteoblasts but not in osteoclasts. In the mineralized nodules formed in the culture of bone marrow cells obtained from Cnot7 +/− mice, LacZ expression was mainly observed in the cells forming mineralized nodules but not in un‐mineralized area scattered around the periphery of the nodules. LacZ blue positive cells were gradually depositing minerals along its time course of the in vitro mineralization assay. Cnot7 expression was enhanced by the treatment with BMP. These data suggest that Cnot7 is expressed in osteoblasts and is associated with mineralization. J. Cell. Biochem. 99: 538–544, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The regulation of glucose transporter (GLUT1) expression by the RNA binding protein HuR
Authors: Gantt Kira R. , Cherry Joy , Richardson Melissa , Karschner Vesna , Atasoy Ulus , Pekala Phillip H. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractHuR is a ligand for nuclear mRNAs containing adenylate‐uridylate‐rich (ARE) elements in the 3′‐untranslated region. Once bound to the mRNA, HuR is recognized by adapter proteins that then facilitate nuclear export of the complex. In the cytosol, HuR is thought to function to control stability and translation of its ligand message. We have previously demonstrated that HuR is constitutively expressed in the 3T3‐L1 cells and shuttles from the nucleus to the cytosol, but remains predominantly nuclear in the preadipocytes and that as the cells differentiate, there is a marked increase in the proportion of HuR in the cytosol at any time. The GLUT1 glucose transporter is also expressed in both preadipocytes and adipocytes and in vitro RNA gel shifts indicate the mRNA is a ligand for HuR. However, HuR complexes containing the GLUT1 mRNA can only be isolated from the terminally differentiated adipocytes. Moreover, position analysis of the GLUT1 mRNA and HuR protein in polysome profiles demonstrates a shift to the most dense region of the gradient for both message and protein with adipocyte differentiation. Consistent with a regulatory role in the control of GLUT1 expression, siRNA‐mediated decrease in HuR protein resulted in a decreased expression of GLUT1 protein. These data suggest that HuR contributes to the metabolic function of the adipocyte through mediation of post‐transcriptional regulatory events. J. Cell. Biochem. 99: 565–574, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of pelvic floor muscle training, electromyography biofeedback, and neuromuscular electrical stimulation for bladder dysfunction in people with multiple sclerosis: A randomized pilot study
Authors: McClurg D. , Ashe R.G. , Marshall K. , Lowe‐Strong A.S. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractAimBladder dysfunction affects up to 90% of the multiple sclerosis (MS) population. Interventions such as Pelvic Floor Training and Advice (PFTA), Electromyography (EMG) Biofeedback, and Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) have received limited research attention within this population. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a combined programme of PFTA, EMG Biofeedback, and NMES for bladder dysfunction in MS.MethodsFemales (n = 30) who fulfilled strict inclusion/exclusion criteria were recruited. Outcome measures (weeks 0, 9, 16, and 24) included: 3‐day Voiding Diary; 24 hr Pad‐Test; Uroflowmetry; Pelvic Floor Muscle Assessment; Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ); Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI); King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ), and the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life‐54 Instrument (MSQoL‐54). Following baseline (week 0) assessment, participants were randomly allocated, under double blind conditions, to one of the three groups: Group 1 (PFTA); Group 2 (PFTA and EMG Biofeedback); and Group 3 (PFTA, EMG Biofeedback, and NMES). Treatment was for 9 weeks.ResultsBaseline severity (measured by number of leaks and pad weight) showed some variation between groups, although not statistically significant (P > 0.05); with the caveat that this baseline imbalance makes interpretation difficult, a picture emerges that at week 9, Group 3 demonstrated superior benefit as measured by the number of leaks and pad test than Group 2, with Group 1 showing less improvement when compared to week 0; this was statistically significant between Groups 1 and 3 for number of leaks (P = 0.014) and pad tests (P = 0.001), and Groups 1 and 2 for pad tests (P = 0.001). A similar pattern was evident for all other outcome measures.ConclusionResults suggest that these treatments, used in combination, may reduce urinary symptoms in MS. Further research will establish the effectiveness of these interventions. Neurourol. Urodynam. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The stochastic joint replenishment problem: A new policy, analysis, and insights
Authors: Özkaya Banu Yüksel , Gürler Ülkü , Berk Emre 
Published: April 2006

AbstractIn this study, we propose a new parsimonious policy for the stochastic joint replenishment problem in a single‐location, N‐item setting. The replenishment decisions are based on both group reorder point‐group order quantity and the time since the last decision epoch. We derive the expressions for the key operating characteristics of the inventory system for both unit and compound Poisson demands. In a comprehensive numerical study, we compare the performance of the proposed policy with that of existing ones over a standard test bed. Our numerical results indicate that the proposed policy dominates the existing ones in 100 of 139 instances with comparably significant savings for unit demands. With batch demands, the savings increase as the stochasticity of demand size gets larger. We also observe that it performs well in environments with low demand diversity across items. The inventory system herein also models a two‐echelon setting with a single item, multiple retailers, and cross docking at the upper echelon. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006
Differential expression of glucocorticoid receptor in human breast tissues and related neoplasms
Authors: Lien H‐C , Lu Y‐S , Cheng A‐L , Chang W‐C , Jeng Y‐M , Kuo Y‐H , Huang C‐S , Chang K‐J , Yao Y‐T 
Published: April 2006

AbstractGlucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a steroid hormone receptor that has been shown to play important roles in mammary development and differentiation, and has been implicated in breast tumourigenesis, but its precise biological significance in mammary pathophysiology remains unclear. In order to generate a comprehensive expression profile for GR in normal versus neoplastic breast tissues, GR expression was investigated in situ in 400 human breast tissue samples, comprising normal tissue and a range of benign, pre‐invasive, and invasive lesions, using immunohistochemical assays. The novel expression of GR in myoepithelium, not observed in luminal epithelium, not only demonstrates expression patterns exclusive to the alpha form of oestrogen receptor and progesterone receptor and suggests distinctive functions between GR and these two important steroid hormone receptors in the breast, but may also indicate unique physiological and perhaps pathological roles for the myoepithelium in mediating the effects of glucocorticoid hormones in the breast. The strong expression of GR in metaplastic carcinomas (94.4%) and malignant phyllodes tumours (92.3%) suggests a pathogenetic role for GR, and implies that targeting GR in these tumours may have potential therapeutic application. However, studies on the roles of GR in mammary carcinogenesis should be interpreted with great caution, based on the lack of GR expression in cancer cells in the great majority (98.2%) of non‐metaplastic carcinomas, which has gone unnoticed in previous studies. This marked discrepancy warrants a re‐examination of the biological roles of GR in the pathophysiology of breast malignancy. The lack of methylation in the promoter region of the GR gene in all 118 non‐metaplastic carcinomas, as demonstrated by methylation‐specific PCR and bisulphite DNA sequencing analysis, indicates that methylation is less likely to play a role in the reduction of GR expression in non‐metaplastic carcinoma of the breast. Copyright © 2006 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pharmakotherapie und Leitlinien: Das Parkinson‐Syndrom
Authors: Baas Horst 
Published: April 2006

AbstractInsgesamt kann durch einen abgestimmten Einsatz der beschriebenen pharmakotherapeutischen Maßnahmen die Parkinson‐Symptomatik in der Regel über einen Zeitraum von 15 bis 25 Jahren unter Wahrung einer zumindest befriedigenden Lebensqualität ausreichend gebessert werden und die Lebenserwartung der Patienten signifikant gesteigert werden.
Scattering and Transmission by a Monolayer of Spheres: A Study on the Monolayer Structure
Authors: Shen Jianqi , Riebel Ulrich , Guo Xiaoai 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe angular distribution of scattered light and the transmission of radiation through a monolayer of monodisperse spherical particles at variable particle concentration are studied. The scattering of light by a single particle is calculated with the classical Lorentz‐Mie theory. For a monolayer of mono‐dispersed spherical particles, if the monolayer density is less than 0.5 and the particle size parameter is larger than 5, effects from multiple scattering and dependent scattering can be excluded so that only steric interactions are considered. It is found that the scattering pattern, especially in the forward and backward directions, and the transmission are strongly dependent on the monolayer density.
Semiconductor Nanowires: From Self‐Organization to Patterned Growth
Authors: Fan Hong Jin , Werner Peter , Zacharias Margit 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe synthesis of semiconductor nanowires has been studied intensively worldwide for a wide spectrum of materials. Such low‐dimensional nanostructures are not only interesting for fundamental research due to their unique structural and physical properties relative to their bulk counterparts, but also offer fascinating potential for future technological applications. Deeper understanding and sufficient control of the growth of nanowires are central to the current research interest. This Review discusses the various growth processes, with a focus on the vapor–liquid–solid process, which offers an opportunity for the control of spatial positioning of nanowires. Strategies for position‐controlled and nanopatterned growth of nanowire arrays are reviewed and demonstrated by selected examples as well as discussed in terms of larger‐scale realization and future prospects. Issues on building up nanowire‐based electronic and photonic devices are addressed at the end of the Review, accompanied by a brief survey of recent progress demonstrated so far on the laboratory level.
Neuropsychiatric and Cognitive Changes after Surgery for Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Dotzenrath Cornelia M.E. , Kaetsch Ana Karena , Pfingsten Henrich , Cupisti Kenko , Weyerbrock Norbert , Vossough Alexander , Verde Pablo E. , Ohmann Christian 
Published: April 2006

AbstractIntroductionNeuropsychiatric symptoms and cognitive impairment are mental manifestations of primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). The aim of our study was to determine if surgical treatment results in a long‐lasting full recovery from these symptoms.MethodsIn a prospective case‐control study with matching pairs, mental changes were examined preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively in 30 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and 30 patients with nontoxic nodular goiter using the Hamilton depression score and four cognitive tests: DEM Tect, MWT (multiple word test), ZVT, and Benton test.ResultsPatients with pHPT demonstrated significantly more cognitive changes (P < 0.0001) with significant improvement 6 months postoperatively (P < 0.0001). Patients with pHPT presented more psychopathologic symptoms than patients of the control group (P = NS), and there was a tendency towards recovery in the pHPT group postoperatively. There was no correlation between biochemistry and psychopathologic or cognitive changes in the pHPT group.ConclusionsPatients with pHPT often present with neuropsychiatric symptoms and cognitive impairment. A successful parathyroid operation improves cognitive disorders in particular.