bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies Concerning the Factors Affecting the Formation of Cyclohexanone Intermediates in the Catalytic Hydrogenation of Phenols. I. Hydrogenation of p-Cresol over Various Pd–C Catalysts
Authors: Higashijima Michio , Nishimura Shigeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The catalytic hydrogenation of p-cresol with commercial Pd on active carbon (Pd–C), water-washed Pd–C (Pd–C–N), acid-treated Pd–C (Pd–C–A), and base-treated Pd–C (Pd–C–B) has been kinetically studied in cyclohexane as a solvent under 0.15–8.0 MPa hydrogen pressure at 80°C. Under each reaction condition, the hydrogenation rate constants for the cresol and the ketone intermediate, k1+k3 and k2, respectively, the relative reactivity of the ketone to the cresol (K) and the ratio of the adsorption coefficient of the ketone to that of the cresol (b2/b1) were determined on the basis of a Langmuir–Hinshelwood model. Regardless of the difference in the nature of the catalysts, hydrogenations with these catalysts always gave high selectivities of 0.85–1.0 for the formation of the ketone intermediate, and small values of 0.014–0.62 for the relative reactivity (K). The small values of K over Pd–C and Pd–C–B were shown to be mostly due to the small values of k2/(k1+k3). In contrast, even smaller values of K over Pd–C–N and Pd–C–A were found due to a great difference in the strength of adsorption between the cresol and the ketone intermediate. In general, both the values of K and k2/(k1+k3) increase with increasing hydrogen pressure. All of the experimental results show that both the alkaline impurities associated with catalyst preparation and the hydrogen pressure are the most important factors affecting the formation of the ketone intermediate.
Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethylenediamine Coordinated to Ruthenium with Hexafluoroacetylacetonate, Induced by Electrochemical Oxidation of Ruthenium(II) to Ruthenium(III)
Authors: Hoshino Yoshimasa , Okuyama Fumiyo , Nanba Akimichi , Shimizu Kunio , Satô Gen P 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Two mixed-ligand complexes, [Ru(hfac)2(en)] and [Ru(hfac)(en)2]PF6 (en = ethylenediamine and hfac− = hexafluoroacetylacetonate ion), were synthesized. The oxidative dehydrogenation of their en ligand was studied in acetonitrile solutions. Each complex underwent a Nernstian one-electron oxidation at platinum electrodes. The resultant ruthenium(III) species was converted through a series of slow homogeneous reactions into the corresponding 1,2-diiminoethane ruthenium(II) species. Voltammograms recorded during the course of the reactions suggested the presence of 2-amino-1-iminoethane ruthenium(II) intermediates.
Extraction-Spectrophotometric Determination of Average Valence of Copper in Superconductor Y–Ba–Cu–O
Authors: Watanabe Kunihiro , Takakuwa Atsushi , Fueki Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The determination method of the average valence of copper in a Y–Ba–Cu–O superconductor has been investigated. Spectrophotometry was introduced to the iodometry considered to be a conventional method in order to decrease the amount of sample used. The iodine liberated by the reaction between Cu2+ and/or Cu3+ and I− ions was extracted into chloroform with Zephiramine (Zeph+Cl−) as a Zeph+I3− ion pair complex. The extraction of I3− enhanced the reproducibility. The effect of the HCl concentration was significant. The sample was dissolved with 5 ml of a 0.1 M (M = mol dm−3) HCl solution by means of ultrasonic irradiation. The employed method decreased the amount of consumed sample down to 4 mg. The modified method, using cuproine, decreased the amount down to 2 mg.
Crystal Structures of N-Benzoyl Derivatives of 8-Oxa-6-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-7-one, ε-Caprolactam and 2-Pyrrolidone
Authors: Yamane Takashi , Ito Yoshiaki , Ashida Tamaichi , Hashimoto Kazuhiko , Sumitomo Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The crystal structures of N-benzoyl-8-oxa-6-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-7-one (Bz-BOL), N-benzoyl-ε-caprolactam (Bz-CLA), and N-benzoyl-2-pyrrolidone (Bz-PYR) have been determined in order to clarify the relation between their structures and reactivities by N-benzoyl substitution. Bz-BOL belongs to monoclinic, P21/n, a = 10.372(1), b = 23.155(5), c = 9.737(4) Å, β = 100.92(2)°, Z = 8. Bz-CLA is monoclinic, P21/c, a = 9.234(2), b = 8.532(3), c = 15.097(3) Å, β = 92.42(2)°, Z = 4. Bz-PYR is monoclinic, P21/n, a = 10.801(3), b = 6.020(1), c = 15.082(3) Å, β = 97.95(2)°, Z = 4. The final R-values are 0.049 for 2867 reflections of Bz-BOL, 0.069 for 1634 reflections of Bz-CLA, and 0.053 for 1175 reflections of Bz-PYR. In these compounds the orientaion of the benzoyl moiety against the lactam moiety is essentially the same, and the phenyl group is nearly perpendicular to the lactam-amide plane. The C–N bond distance of the lactam moieties in benzoyl derivatives is significantly prolonged, as compared with that in the original lactams, though the C–N distance is apparently equal to that of acyl moieties in these benzoyl derivatives. This suggests that the C–N bond of the lactam moieties in the benzoyl derivatives is weakened by acylation and is easily broken by a nucleophilic attack, as compared with that of the original lactams.
Adsorption-Order Dependence of the Numbers of Spins of Coexisting Two Radical Species on an HY Type Zeolite
Authors: Kashiwagi Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The number of spins of coexisting two-radical species on an HY-type zeolite (HY) in the absence of a solvent were independently determined with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The coexistence of both donors and acceptor molecules on HY gave rise to the increasing numbers of both cations and anion radicals and to their adsorption-order dependence. The numbers of coexisting cations and anion radicals were independent of, while their maximal numbers of spins were dependent on, the spin-generating abilities of the donors and acceptors. Futhermore, a small enhancement of radicals and a remarkable adsorption-order dependence arose in a solvent-free ternary system comprising HY and either two donors or two acceptors.
1H NMR Study of 2,3-Dicyanobicyclo[2.2.2]octa-2,5,7-triene Partially Oriented in a Nematic Phase
Authors: Tomishima Atsuko , Takakura Yutaka , Yokoyama Yukihiro , Saito Katsuhiro , Takahashi Kensuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The 1H NMR spectra of the title compound dissolved in a nematic phase of ZLI1167 have been analyzed, and the structure of the proton skelton has been determined.
Stabilization Energy of the 9,9′-Trimethylenedianthracene Radical Cation Estimated by the Charge Resonance Band
Authors: Tsuchida Akira , Takamura Hiroshi , Yamamoto Masahide , Lee Bong , Ikeda Tomiki , Tazuke Shigeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The charge-resonance band of the 9,9′-trimethylenedianthracene radical cation (9An9An+) was observed at 1550 nm by laser photolysis in the near-IR region. Two anthracene chromophores of 9An9An+ were found to take a full-overlap conformation; a clear relationship between the dimer stabilizaiton energy and the aromatic ring size was shown.
Determination of Fluoride Ion by a Flow Injection Analysis Based on the Formation of a Fluorescent Aluminium-Schiff Base Complex
Authors: Aoki Izuo , Tuyuki Masahiko , Watanabe Kunihiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In the presence of fluoride ions, aluminium reacts with N-salicylideneethylenediamine to form fluorescent Schiff base complexes. A flow-injection analysis system based on this reaction has been developed for a determination of the fluoride ions at the ppm level. By measuring the fluorescence intensities, the number of fluoride ions could be selectively determined over the range 0.15–10 ppm; 40 samples could be analyzed per hour. The proposed system was applied to an analysis of the fluoried ion in river water.
Properties of Acid Sites on TiO2–SiO2 and TiO2–Al2O3 Mixed Oxides Measured by Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Nakabayashi Hirotoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Both Lewis and Brönsted acid sites were found on the surface of TiO2–SiO2 mixed oxide, thouth no Brönsted acid sites were detected on the surface of pure TiO2 and SiO2. While on the surface of TiO2–Al2O3 mixed oxide, no Brönsted acid sites were generated. The rate of isomerization of 1-butene was found to be enhanced on the Brönsted acid sites formed on the TiO2–SiO2 mixed oxide.
Two Conformers and Aggregation of Cyclic Octapeptide, cyclo(G-eLL-G)2, in Chloroform
Authors: Miyake Hiroyuki , Kojima Yoshitane , Yamashita Tetsushi , Ohsuka Akio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In chloroform, cyclo(G-eLL-G)2 exists as an equilibrium of two conformers and aggregates from the monomer to the oligomer with an increase in the peptide concentration, owing to the intermolecular hydrogen bonds formed between the amide hydrogen and the oxygen.
Chiral Hydantoin; A New Dienophile for Diels–Alder Reaction
Authors: Sankhavasi Wongsiri , Kohmoto Shigeo , Yamamoto Makoto , Nishio Takehiko , Iida Ikuo , Yamada Kazutoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A chiral hydantoin derivative, 5-methylene-1,3-bis[(S)-1-phenylethyl]-2,4-imidazolidinedione, was synthesized and the scope of this compound in Diels–Alder reaction was investigated.
Anodically-Generated Br–Cl Composite Halogenating Reagents
Authors: Fukui Kouta , Nonaka Tsutomu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The halogenating power of Br–Cl composite species (termed “BC-reagent” in this article) generated anodically from mixtures of Br− and Cl− in CH2Cl2 was examined in an ex-cell manner toward some organic compounds. The BC-reagent brominated methoxybenzenes, and the brominating power could be precisely controlled by means of the amount of electricity charged and by varying the ratio of Cl−/Br−. The power of the reagent was less controllable during the bromination of aniline. The reaction of olefins with the BC-reagent led to dibromination and bromochlorination, the product-selectivity of which could be also controlled. The theoretically calculated chemical composition of the BC-reagent agreed fairly well with the experimentally confirmed value in some cases.
Silicon Effects. IV. Solvolysis of 1-(Pentamethyldisilanyl)-2-phenylcyclopropyl Bromide in 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol via σ(CC)-Assisted and -Unassisted Ionization Processes
Authors: Shimizu Nobujiro , Hayakawa Fumie , Tsuno Yuho 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The rates of solvolysis of 1-(pentamethyldisilanyl)-, 1-trimethylsilyl-, and 1-methyl-substituted 2- phenylcyclopropyl bromides (4a, 4b, and 4c) were measured in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol at 100 °C: The relative rates for trans-4a, trans-4b, and trans-4c were 3.48 : 1.0 : 10.7, respectively; the trans/cis isomeric rate ratios (kt/kc), which were determined by competition experiments, were 2.99 for 4a and 1.70 for 4b. The solvolysis of trans-4b yielded only open allylic ethers, consistent with a σ-assisted mechanism (kΔ); the trans-4a predominantly, however, gave a cyclopropyl ring-retained compound, dimethyl[trans-2-phenyl-1-(trimethylsilyl)cyclopropyl](2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)silane, indicative of σ-unassisted (kc) solvolysis.
Relaxation Phenomena of the Concentration Polarization in High Temperature Air Cathodes
Authors: Kenjo Tadao , Yamakoshi Yukiyasu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The transient depolarization curves of Pt/ZrO2 high temperature air cathodes have been measured and compared with theoretical curves calculated by assuming a diffusion mechanism of atomic oxygen. The decay equation used involves the limiting current density, time constant for the decay rate and effective reaction area, as parameters to be determined. These parameter values were obtained by curve fitting. The polarization loss was found to decrease with increasing O2 pressure at the rate expected from the diffusion mechanism. The performance of the electrodes was enhanced as the sintering temperature rose. This trend was reflected on an increase in the parameter of effective reaction area. The performance was improved by loading an excess current. This effect was explained as being due to an increase in the diffusivity of Oa.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Magnetic Property of a Novel Dimer-of-Di(μ-oxo)dimanganese-Dimers with Two Coordinated Water Molecules in (III,IV,III,IV) Oxidation State
Authors: Kawasaki Hisano , Kusunoki Masami , Hayashi Yoshihito , Suzuki Masatatsu , Munezawa Kazutoshi , Suenaga Machiko , Senda Hitoshi , Uehara Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A dimer-of-di(μ-oxo)manganese(III)manganese(IV)-dimers with two coordinated water molecules, [{Mn2(tmdp)(O)2(H2O)}2](CF3SO3)4·6H2O (1), was prepared, where Htmdp is 1,5-bis[bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amino]-3-pentanol. Crystal structure of 1 was determined by X-ray structure analysis. 1 crystallizes in triclinic space group, with a = 16.543(1), b = 19.097(2), c = 13.393(1) Å, α = 94.450(7)°, β = 90.698(6)°, γ = 84.997(7)°, V = 4202.4(6) Å3, and Z = 2. The complex cation consists of two di(μ-oxo)manganese(III)manganese(IV) dimers which are linked by two tmdps and hydrogen bonding network between two coordinated water molecules and two alkoxo groups to form a dimer-of-dimers with a bilayered structure with dimer-dimer separation of 5.9 Å. The Mn–Mn separations are 2.644(2)—2.651(2) Å. Magnetism of 1 was well interpreted in terms of the model based on two kinds of the exchange interactions between Mn(III) and Mn(IV); the intradimer interaction (J1 = −145 cm−1) through di(μ-oxo) bridges and the interdimer interaction (J2 −0.2 cm−1) through hydrogen bonding network. The interdimer exchange interaction (J2) results in a triplet ground state. The ESR spectrum of a frozen solution sample of 1 showed a relatively intense “ΔMs = 2” signal centered at g = 4.5, which is only 7.6 times weaker than a much broader “ΔMs = 1” signal at g = 2.0. The best computer simulation revealed near rhombic zero-field splittings with |D| 0.07 cm−1 and |E| 0.023 cm−1, and Mn-hyperfine broadening, which are appropriate for the triplet ground state of such a tetrameric dimer-of-di(μ-oxo)manganese(III)manganese(IV)-dimers with 5.9 Å separation. The observed zero-field splittings could be interpreted in terms of an incomplete quenching of the crystal field effect of each Mn(III) ion in the triplet ground state mixed with the excited-state spin configurations through the J2 interactions. Cyclic voltammogram exhibited a quasi reversible wave (E1/2 = 0.98 V vs. SCE) and an irreversible oxidation wave at 1.10 V vs. SCE in acetonitrile. Constant potential electrolysis at 1.00 V vs. SCE indicated that the quasi reversible wave is a one-electron transfer process and corresponds to Mn4(III, IV, IV, IV)/Mn4(III, IV, III, IV) redox couple. A one-electron oxidized species which was generated electrochemically showed a so called sixteen hyperfine pattern at g = 2.0, supporting the presence of di(μ-oxo)manganese(III)manganese(IV) and di(μ-oxo)dimanganese(IV) species in the tetramer. Constant potential electrolysis at 1.20 V vs. SCE resulted in a decomposition of the complex.
Reductive Cupration of Cyanoketene Dithioacetals. Generation of Functionalized (E)-Vinylcopper Reagents and Their Reactions with Electrophiles
Authors: Hojo Makoto , Harada Hajime , Watanabe Chika , Hosomi Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Functionalized (E)-vinylcopper species, selectively generated by the effective reduction of cyanoketene dithioacetals with two equimolar amounts of cuprates, react with electrophiles such as water, allyl bromide, and acid chlorides to give the corresponding substitution products in good yields.
Preparation of [4-t-Butyl-2,6-bis(N,N-dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl]thioxophosphine Sulfide with Intramolecular Participation of Nitrogen Lone Pair in Stabilization
Authors: Yoshifuji Masaaki , Otoguro Akihiko , Toyota Kozo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The 4-t-butyl-2,6-bis(N,N-dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl group was utilized to prepare [4-t-butyl-2,6-bis(N,N-dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl]thioxophosphine sulfide. A 31P NMR chemical shift of the thioxophosphine sulfide shows a high field shift by 153 ppm compared with that of (2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenyl)thioxophosphine sulfide, suggesting a strong intramolecular participation with the lone-pair electrons of the nitrogen atom in stabilization of the –P(=S)2 group.
Silylation of 2- or 3-Alkenenitriles with Iodosilanes/Triethylamine Affording 2- or 4-Silyl-2-alkenenitriles
Authors: Yamashita Hiroshi , Reddy N Prabhakar , Tanaka Masato 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
2- or 3-Alkenenitriles, (R1R2HC)R3C=CHCN or R1R2C=CR3CH2CN (R1, R2, R3 = H, Me, etc.), react with iodosilanes, R4Me2SiI (R4 = Me, Me3Si), in the presence of Et3N to give 2-silyl-2-alkenenitriles, (R1R2HC)R3C=C(SiMe2R4)(CN), in good to moderate yields with high E selectivity (R3 = H). A 2-methylalkenenitrile, H2C=CHCHMe(CN) or MeCH=CMe(CN), is silylated with Me3SiI to provide a 4-silyl-2-alkenenitrile, Me3SiCH2CH=CMe(CN).
Estimation of the Ratio of Hidden Multivalent Ions in Nematic Lyomesophases by Using Heteronuclear NMR
Authors: Iida Masayasu , Mizuno Yuri , Miyagawa Yasuko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
An estimation of the peak areas of the 59Co NMR spectra for cobalt(III) complex ions and of the 25Mg spectra for magnesium aqua ions gave population ratios of their hidden ions, which are defined as too strongly interacting with nematic lyomesophases (composed of cationic or anionic surfactants) to contribute to the NMR spectra. The cobalt(III) complex ions used were [Co(NH3)6]3+, [Co(en)3]3+ (en = ethylenediamine), [Co(phen)3]3+ (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), and [Co(CN)6]3−. It was revealed that appreciable amounts of multivalent ions are present as hidden ions on the lyomesophase, whose sign of charge is opposite to that of the ion in question. For such hydrophilic ions as [Co(NH3)6]3+, [Co(en)3]3+, [Co(CN)6]3−, and magnesium ions, the ions binding to the mesophases are classified into two states based on the NMR spectra: One is an outer-sphere complex (ion pair); the other is a hidden ion. In these systems the hidden ion/total ion population ratios depending on the composition of the surfactant are roughly proportional to the ion pair/total ion population ratios, which are monitored by the magnitude of the quadrupole splitting. For the phen complex, the presence of a hidden ion was observed in the range where the fraction of the anionic surfactant is high; the quadrupole splittings were also observed only in limited composition ranges.
Studies on the Surface Property of Pt/KL Zeolite Catalysts
Authors: Dai Lian-Xin , Sakashita Haru , Tatsumi Takashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Pt/KL catalysts prepared by ion exchange (IE), ion exchange followed by the addition of KCl (IE-KCl), incipient wetness impregnation (IWI), and coimpregnation with KCl (IWI-KCl) were compared regarding the aromatization of hexane, and were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, the chemisorption of H2 and NH3, the competitive hydrogenation of toluene and benzene, and the infrared spectroscopy of adsorbed CO. The majority of Pt particles on the various Pt/KL catalysts seem to be highly dispersed inside the zeolite channels. The presence of KCl in the Pt/KL catalysts resulted in a decrease in the acidity of zeolite, giving rise to a reduction in the C1–C5 selectivity, regardless of the method of catalyst preparation. The competitive reaction of toluene/benzene and FT-IR results consistently show that the Pt particles on the IE-KCl catalyst have the most electron-rich sites among the Pt/KL samples examined. The high specific activity for benzene production of the IE-KCl catalyst should be attributed to these Pt particle sites with high electron-donating ability. It is proposed that the terminal adsorption of hexane, resulting in the formation of primary alkyl species, is favorable on electron-rich Pt particles, leading to a 1,6-ring closure, and eventually benzene.
Dansyl-β-cyclodextrins as Fluorescent Sensors Responsive to Organic Compounds
Authors: Wang Yong , Ikeda Tsukasa , Ikeda Hiroshi , Ueno Akihiko , Toda Fujio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
6-O-, 2-O-, and 3-O-Dansyl-β-cyclodextrins (1, 2, and 3) were synthesized and characterized. Compounds 1 and 2 decrease their fluorescence intensities upon intermolecular complex formation. This property enables 1 and 2 to act as fluorescent sensors, converting binding of organic compounds into fluorescence variations.
Photochemical Cis to Trans One-Way Isomerization of Styrylazulenes on Their Triplet Excited State. Examination of Ethylenes with Non-Benzenoid Substituents of Low Triplet Energies
Authors: Karatsu Takashi , Kitamura Akihide , Arai Tatsuo , Sakuragi Hirochika , Tokumaru Katsumi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1-Styrylazulene and 7-isopropyl-1,4-dimethyl-3-styrylazulene (3-styrylguaiazulene) underwent one-way isomerization from the cis to the trans isomer on triplet sensitization. Their triplet states as intermediates of the isomerization were observed by laser flash photolysis. However, their excitation to either the lowest excited singlet state (S1) or the second excited singlet state (S2) by direct irradiation afforded photostationary mixtures comprising 98% of the trans and 2% the cis isomers, which implies the participation of a singlet isomerization path.
Mechanisms for (Porphinato)manganese(III)-Catalyzed Oxygenation and Reduction of Styrenes in Benzene–Ethanol Containing Sodium Borohydride
Authors: Takeuchi Masayuki , Kano Koji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1-Phenylethanol, acetophenone, 2,3-diphenylbutane, and ethylbenzene are produced in the (porphinato)manganese(III)-catalyzed reaction of styrene with NaBH4 in aerobic benzene–ethanol. Chloro(5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphinato)manganese(III) ([MnIIICl(tpp)]) and chloro[5,10,15,20-tetrakis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)porphinato]manganese(III) ([MnIIICl(tmp)]) have been used as the catalysts. It is suggested that the [MnIII(tpp)]-mediated reaction of styrene with NaBH4 yields 1-phenylethyl radical and [MnII(tpp)]. The 1-phenylethyl radical reacts with dioxygen to generate a peroxyl radical, (C6H5)(CH3)CHOO·, which is stabilized by coordinating to [MnII(tpp)]. [MnIII[OOCH(CH3)(C6H5)](tpp)] thus formed may yield [MnIIIOH(tpp)] and acetophenone which is readily reduced to 1-phenylethanol with NaBH4. The coupling and disproportionation reactions of the 1-phenylethyl radicals afford 2,3-diphenylbutane and ethylbenzene, respectively. Slower reaction of styrene observed in the catalysis by [MnIII(tmp)]+ can be interpreted in terms of a steric hindrace in the formation of the radical and [MnII(tmp)]. Similarly, all results obtained for α-methylstyrene can be explained by the formation of the 1-methyl-1-phenylethyl radical which is less reactive than the 1-phenylethyl radical and is free from the interaction with the manganese complex. The reaction mechanism involving the free radicals has been supported by the results on the effects of TEMPO.
NONEXISTENCE OF THE TWO MODIFICATIONS IN LIQUID NITROBENZENE AND CARBON BISULPHIDE
Authors: Murakami Eiji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The heating rate and the volume dilatation of nitrobenzene have been measured between 8° and 11°C. and the refractive index between 7° and 20°C. The density of nitrobenzene is d204=1.2030, and the refractive index for Hα line is given by the equation. n_c=1.555030–0.000455 t. The heating curve of carbon bisulphide has been measured between −100° and −85°C.
No arrest in the heating curves, no distinct change of the slope in the dilatation curve and no distinct change in the value of the refractive index have been observed within the range of the observed temperatures. Two layers in liquid carbon bisulphide at −90°C. could not be observed.
None of these results proves the existence of the two modifications of the liquid nitrobenzene and carbon bisulphide such as suggested by Wolfke and Mazur.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE ABSORPTION SPECTRA OF THE RARE EARTHS. II
Authors: Uzumasa Yasumitsu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The absorption spectra of chloride and nitrate of neodymium in various organic solvents were compared.
2. The changes of the bands of neodymium nitrate produced by adding a normal liquid to the alcoholic solution were examined.
3. It is suggested that the absorption bands of neodymium salts are shifted by solvent molecules as well as by the anion.