bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity of the Helioglow to Variation of the Total Ionization Rate and Solar Lyα Emission
Authors: Kowalska-Leszczynska I. , Kubiak M. A. , Bzowski M. , Strumik M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Direct observations of solar wind are mostly limited to the vicinity of the ecliptic plane. Retrieving the latitudinal structure of solar wind indirectly based on observations of the backscatter glow of interstellar neutral hydrogen is complex and requires support from theoretical models. The GLOWS instrument, to operate on the planned IMAP mission, will scan the helioglow along circumsolar rings with an angular distance of ∼75°. Its objective is to retrieve the latitudinal structure of the ionization rate of interstellar hydrogen and with this the structure of the solar wind. In preparation for the future analysis, we studied the sensitivity of the light curves to temporal and latitudinal variation of the ionization rate of interstellar hydrogen and the solar Lyα illumination. Based on carefully planned numerical experiments, we analyze the time delay and relaxation time of the system for variations of the ionization rate and solar illumination in heliolatitude and with time. We found that variations in the solar illumination are reflected in the helioglow without delay, but relaxation takes longer than the variation rise time. By contrast, variations in the ionization rate are anticorrelated with the helioglow brightness with a delay of several months. We also found that the helioglow is not sensitive to variations in the ionization rate at the solar poles, so retrieving the ionization rate and solar wind at the poles requires approximation of the ionization rate profiles with appropriate parametric functions.
Dwarf Pulses of 10 Pulsars Detected by FAST
Authors: Yan Yi , Han J. L. , Zhou D. J. , Xie L. , Kou F. F. , Wang P. F. , Wang C. , Wang T. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
How pulsars radiate is a long-standing problem. Detailed polarization measurements of individual pulses shed light on currently unknown emission processes. Recently, based on supersensitive observations, dwarf pulses have been recognized as weak narrow pulses often appearing during the nulling state. In this study, we report the detection of dwarf pulses from 10 pulsars, PSRs B0525+21, B1237+25, J1538+2345, J1824−0127, J1851−0053, B1901+10, J1939+10, B1944+17, B2000+40, and J2112+4058, based on observations conducted with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope. Dwarf pulses of five pulsars are clearly discernible in the two-dimensional distribution of pulse intensity and pulse width. For the other five pulsars, PSRs J1538+2345, J1824−0127, J1939+10, B2000+40, and J2112+4058, only a few dwarf pulses are detected from pulse stacks. The dwarf pulses can emerge in both cone and core emission components for PSR B1237+25, and the polarization angles of these dwarf pulses are mostly in the orthogonal polarization mode of normal pulses for PSR B1944+17. In general, pulsars with detected dwarf pulses tend to be located within the “death valley” region of the distribution of pulsar periods and period derivatives.
JWST NIRCam Photometry: A Study of Globular Clusters Surrounding Bright Elliptical Galaxy VV 191a at z = 0.0513
Authors: Berkheimer Jessica M. , Carleton Timothy , Windhorst Rogier A. , Keel William C. , Holwerda Benne W. , Nonino Mario , Cohen Seth H. , Jansen Rolf A. , Coe Dan , Conselice Christopher J. , Driver Simon P. , Frye Brenda L. , Grogin Norman A. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Lucas Ray A. , Marshall Madeline A. , Pirzkal Nor , Robertson Clayton , Robotham Aaron , Ryan Russell E. , Smith Brent M. , Summers Jake , Tompkins Scott , Willmer Christopher N. A. , Yan Haojing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
James Webb Space Telescope NIRCam images have revealed 154 reliable globular cluster (GC) candidates around the z = 0.0513 elliptical galaxy VV 191a after subtracting 34 likely interlopers from background galaxies inside our search area. NIRCam broadband observations are made at 0.9–4.5 μm using the F090W, F150W, F356W, and F444W filters. Using point-spread-function-matched photometry, the data are analyzed to present color–magnitude diagrams and color distributions that suggest a relatively uniform population of GCs, except for small fractions of reddest (5%–8%) and bluest (2%–4%) outliers. GC models in the F090W versus (F090W–F150W) diagram fit the NIRCam data well and show that the majority of GCs detected have a mass of ∼106.5
M
⊙, with metallicities [Fe/H] spanning the typical range expected for GCs (−2.5 ≲ [Fe/H]≲ 0.5). However, the models predict ∼0.3–0.4 mag bluer (F356W–F444W) colors than the NIRCam data for a reasonable range of GC ages, metallicities, and reddening. Although our data do not quite reach the luminosity function turnover, the measured luminosity function is consistent with previous measurements, suggesting an estimated peak at m
AB ∼ −9.4 ± 0.2 mag in the F090W filter.
Les carrés musulmans pendant la pandémie de Covid-19
Authors: Afiouni Nada 
Published: April 2024

Cet article analyse, à l’échelon local, la gestion des carrés musulmans au Havre (France) et à Southampton (Royaume-Uni) pendant et après la pandémie de Covid-19. Il interroge les interactions des communautés musulmanes avec les autorités municipales à l’aune du cadre plus large des politiques nationales de gestion de la pluralité culturelle et religieuse. Les données analysées dans le présent article proviennent d’un travail de terrain réalisé dans ces deux villes : entre 2021 et 2022 pour le Havre, et entre 2022 et 2023 pour Southampton. En partant des enjeux communs aux communautés musulmanes concernant le domaine funéraire, cet article interroge la dimension locale des dynamiques entre les acteurs musulmans et les autorités municipales mais également mesure l’impact des politiques nationales de gestion de la pluralité culturelle et religieuse sur le secteur funéraire en temps de pandémie. Ce travail permet de souligner des formes de convergence dans la pratique entre les « modèles » nationaux français et britannique, généralement considérés comme opposés. Au-delà des divergences classiques, l’article souligne un réel décalage entre la perception de la situation funéraire par les communautés religieuses musulmanes et la réalité dans les deux villes.
Entre pragmatisme et utopie
Authors: Tchikladzé Floriane , Vidal Julien , Herphelin-Ogno Maureen , Vieira da Silva Victor 
Published: April 2024

Ils sont de plus en plus nombreux à faire du sens de leur métier une priorité. Mais, face au défi climatique, les stratégies des jeunes professionnels divergent : utopie radicale d’un côté, pragmatisme ancré de l’autre. Un débat entre Floriane Tchikladzé, responsable des formations chez Jobs That Makesense, et Julien Vidal, auteur du podcast 2030 Glorieuses .
Un commentaire sur « Tous les goûts sont-ils dans la nature ? La traduction des valeurs publiques en significations officielles »
Authors: Stazyk Edmund C. 
Published: April 2024

Ce commentaire sur l’article « Tous les goûts sont-ils dans la nature ? La traduction des valeurs publiques en significations officielles » considère le bien-fondé des arguments des auteurs et propose plusieurs recommandations aux chercheurs intéressés par les valeurs publiques.
La réputation organisationnelle dans la politique exécutive : les unités axées sur le citoyen dans la bureaucratie fédérale allemande
Authors: Fleischer Julia , Pruin Andree 
Published: April 2024

Ces dernières années, les gouvernements ont intensifié leurs efforts pour renforcer l’orientation citoyenne dans la conception des politiques. Ils ont mis en place des lieux d’échange temporaires ainsi que des unités permanentes au sein de l’appareil gouvernemental pour intégrer les citoyens dans la formulation des politiques, ce qui a conduit à une « laboratorisation » des organisations du gouvernement central. Nous affirmons que l’évolution et le rôle de ces unités annoncent une nouvelle dynamique dans l’importance de la réputation organisationnelle pour la politique exécutive. Ces acteurs s’écartent de la palette classique d’unités organisationnelles au sein de l’appareil gouvernemental et ont donc besoin de se forger leur propre réputation vis-à-vis de divers publics au sein et en dehors de leur organisation mère. Sur la base d’une étude de cas comparative de deux de ces unités au sein de la bureaucratie fédérale allemande, nous montrons à quel point les attentes ambiguës de leurs publics remettent en question leur réputation organisationnelle. Les deux unités viennent à bout de ces tensions en équilibrant leur faible réputation professionnelle et procédurale avec une meilleure réputation performative et morale. Nous concluons que les unités gouvernementales qui visent à améliorer le souci du citoyen dans la conception des politiques peuvent tirer profit d’un dialogue avec les citoyens en tant que public externe pour compenser une réputation plus faible aux yeux de leurs publics au sein de l’organisation gouvernementale. Remarques à l’intention des praticiens De nombreux gouvernements ont introduit de nouveaux moyens pour renforcer les modèles de politiques centrées sur les citoyens, ce qui a conduit à l’émergence d’unités nouvelles au sein du gouvernement central qui diffèrent des structures et procédures bureaucratiques traditionnelles. Cette étude analyse la façon dont ces nouvelles unités peuvent se forger une réputation organisationnelle vis-à-vis des acteurs internes et externes dans l’élaboration des politiques gouvernementales. Nous montrons que ces unités s’affirment principalement sur la base de leur réputation performative et morale.
Augusto Roa Bastos, Vigilia del Almirante, et Jacques Attali, 1492
Authors: Blancofombona Maguy 
Published: April 2024

Par une lecture de Vigilia del Almirante, roman d’Augusto Roa Bastos, et de 1492, étude historique de Jacques Attali, cet article aborde le mouvement déclenché en Europe par l’idée d’une possible nouvelle route vers l’Orient et également la possible existence de terres nouvelles dont quelques personnes étaient informées mais qu’il ne convenait pas de révéler. Il fait ressortir le mouvement que ne manque pas de susciter une carte, soit comme simple invitation à suivre un parcours, comme le propose l’écrivain franco-écossais Kenneth White, soit, comme cela se produit à la fin du xve siècle, en poussant le monde européen à se tourner vers l’Atlantique et à ne plus considérer exclusivement la Méditerranée et les autres terres connues jusqu’alors.La cartographie dispose aujourd’hui d’une plus grande information, tout est plus exact de par le développement croissant de la technologie, et l’homme avance d’une autre manière. Mais il est difficile de nous débarrasser du passé car il nous ramène sans cesse au même point de départ pour orienter le présent et le futur. Depuis quelques années, je vois l’Europe se tourner vers l’Est (l’Orient), rappelant le mouvement qu’elle avait accompli au xve siècle, quand, cherchant un chemin pour atteindre plus aisément les Indes, elle a rencontré l’Amérique1.
Pratiques d’arpentage, création de villages et construction de l’État dans le territoire de l’Uruguay au xixe siècle : le cas de la fondation de Belén en 1867
Authors: Fabre Santiago Delgado , Duffau Nicolás 
Published: April 2024

Cet article se propose d’étudier les pratiques d’arpentage en Uruguay en vigueur durant une partie du xixe siècle, en prenant comme référence la fondation du village de Belén en 1867. La création de ce village est un observatoire intéressant car, en premier lieu, elle s’inscrit dans la politique visant à réinstaller dans les zones rurales une population considérée comme errante et donc conflictuelle. En second lieu, on assiste dans les années 1870, d’une part, à une convergence des méthodes traditionnelles d’exécution des pratiques topographiques (caractérisées non seulement par le manque d’expertise ou les déficiences techniques, mais aussi par les rapports de force entre institutions, autorités locales, politiques et militaires) et, d’autre part, à un processus qui tente de réglementer et de rationaliser le travail des géomètres. Même si la focale de notre travail est mise sur la décennie 1860, notre intention est, d’embrasser, à partir de cet exemple, une période chronologique longue qui court de la création de la Commission topographique en décembre 1831 jusqu’aux années 1880.
Rare complications of heart transplant: Autopsy findings
Authors: Gupta Devika , Singh Lavan , Kumar Sameer , Singh Kanwaljeet , Mendonca Satish , Chatterjee Tathagat 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Heart transplantation has evolved as the only treatment option for patients with refractory heart failure.

Case Presentation:
We here, report two unusual complications that developed following cardiac transplant to which the recipients succumbed. Post mortem conducted revealed the cause of death as severe antibody mediated rejection in one case and ruptured mycotic aneurysm of ascending aorta in the second recipient.

Conclusion:
Hence, autopsy remains the key procedure that can help establish the cause of death after cardiac transplant. It is also imperative for clinicians to have awareness and high index of suspicion for early detection of the ongoing complications and intervene either surgically or medically to prevent catastrophic events.
Strongyloides stercoralis infection masquerading as malignant ascites in a case of angiosarcoma
Authors: Walia Gurpreet K. , Akal Ramanjit S. , Singh Abhishek , Pothedar Jayanth 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Strongyloides stercoralis is a parasitic nematode that infects millions of people worldwide. It primarily infects humans but can also be found in domestic animals and primates. The severity of infection varies from asymptomatic to life-threatening complications. We present a case of a 56-year-old male with a known case of angiosarcoma liver with massive ascites and low-grade fever. He was clinically diagnosed as having malignant ascites and was planned for chemotherapy. During therapeutic cum diagnostic ascitic tap, cell block sections revealed the presence of cross sections of nematode S. stercoralis gravid uterus with eggs. Later, stool for ova and cysts also revealed multiple larval forms of the nematode. S. stercoralis hyperinfection is often accompanied by sepsis or meningitis with enteric organisms. Patient was started on tab. ivermectin 12 mg once a day for two days (in the standard dosage of 200 mcg/kg) was then repeated in the same dosage for another two days after two weeks, and gradually the ascites settled. Post-treatment ascitic tap cell block preparations did not show any parasites. Patient has been on follow-up for 6 months, and he remains asymptomatic.
Distinctive presentation of neurobrucellosis as myelitis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Yin Jiali , Gu Wei , Huan Ying , Li Zhengnan 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Brucellosis is a zoonotic infectious allergic disease caused by Brucella that is widely distributed throughout the world. Brucella can invade various systems of the human body, such as the joints, the reproductive system, the spine, and the nervous system. Among patients with brucellosis, neurobrucellosis (NB) mainly manifests as nervous system symptoms in only 1.7–10% of patients and can cause a misdiagnosis. We reported a case of NB that presented as myelitis as the main clinical presentation and reviewed the relevant literature. It is suggested that clinicians should consider NB, especially atypical neurological symptoms, when there is a suspicious contact history.
Clinical profile of central nervous system space-occupying lesions and their association with CD4 counts in patients with HIV: A prospective observational study
Authors: Sawardekar Vinayak M. , Sawadh Ritesh K. , Sawardekar Veena , Singh Balbir , Wankhade Bhushan 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Neurological manifestations are one of the major concerns for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The secondary spectrum includes space-occupying lesions (SOL), including tuberculoma, cryptococcosis, candidiasis, toxoplasmosis, primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).

Aim:
To assess the neurological manifestations, disease outcome, and their associations with cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) counts in patients with HIV.

Materials and Methods:
This single-center, prospective, observational study was performed in the Department of General Medicine of a tertiary care institute, over a period of 2 years (January 2017 to December 2018). The study included 150 known or newly diagnosed HIV patients with CNS SOL. The physical examination, laboratory investigations, and imaging were conducted on every patient, and the findings were noted.

Results:
The patients mainly presented with hemiparesis (52%), had involvement of the frontal region (38.7%), and were diagnosed with tuberculoma (29.3%). Other diagnoses were toxoplasmosis (22.7%), PML (17.3%), PCNSL (15.3%), brain abscess (10%), and neurocysticercosis (5.3%). Of 150 patients, 136 (90.7%) were survivors, while 14 (9.3%) were non-survivors. The mean CD4 count was significantly less in patients with toxoplasmosis (P < 0.0001) and PCNSL (P = 0.02), and significantly higher in patients with tuberculoma (P < 0.0001) and brain abscess (P = 0.0009) relative to other causes of SOL. Moreover, the mean CD4 count was not significantly associated with survivors and non-survivors (P = 0.28).

Conclusion:
In patients with HIV, CD4 count was significantly low in toxoplasmosis and PCNSL, and high in tuberculoma and brain abscess.
Going the extra mile: Developing an interactive mobile application for maternal and infant care for tribal birth attendants
Authors: Dwivedi Rakhi , Goel Akhil D. , Vyas Varuna , Sharma Prem P. , Bhardwaj Pankaj , Dixit Shilpi G. , Singh Pratibha , Singh Kuldeep , Mohan Kriti , Kalra Sumit 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Mobile health applications are an established tool for healthcare management, patient education, and even capacity building for healthcare providers. However, its use among traditional birth attendants (TBAs) is limited. The aim of this study is to explore the needs and bottlenecks of developing an interactive mobile application for maternal and infant care (MAI) of TBAs.

Materials and Methods:
It is a qualitative study having in-depth interviews (face-to-face approach) conducted among the seekers of MAI services. Setting: This study is conducted in tribal and rural locations in the district Sirohi, Rajasthan. Participants: TBAs and tribal females of reproductive age in tribal-dominated areas have participated. The development of an interactive mobile application MAI has three phases: (1) a need-based approach to identify the needs on the ground; (2) identifying intervention bottlenecks and possible solutions; (3) design and development of the mobile application.

Results:
Ninety-six tribal females of reproductive age participated in the needs assessment. Eighty percent of them were ≤ 30 years of age and 40% of them were uneducated. Most participants informed that lack of information (culturally/locally appropriate content), peer advocacy, affordability, lack of transportation, and the influence of TBAs are the significant factors for less uptake of maternity and child health services in the tribal and rural areas.

Conclusion:
The MAI app has culturally/locally appropriate content and is prepared by the local TBAs and Accredited Social Health Activists, with full local character and clothing. MAI app has videos and audio in the local language (Marwari) with pictorial quizzes. Using the MAI app, TBAs may self-educate and guide tribal pregnant women about maternal hygiene and infant healthcare as needed at various stages of pregnancy and childbirth.
Effect of topical steroid on soft tissue swelling following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion
Authors: Chen Weifu , Tian Long , Pan Wenjun 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion is the most commonly used surgical approach for treating cervical spine conditions, but it can often lead to postoperative swallowing difficulties. To retrospectively assess the effects of topical triamcinolone acetonide in the anterior cervical surgery on swallowing function.

Methods:
In this study, a retrospective design was used to select patients aged 18 years and older who were diagnosed with cervical spondylosis and required anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Among them, the patients in the experimental group used triamcinolone acetonide topically in front of the plate during surgery, and the control group was the patients who did not use triamcinolone acetonide. The sex, age, operation time, operation segment, and preoperative soft tissue area were compared between the two groups.

Results:
There were no significant differences in gender, age, operation time, and segment between the two groups. For the preoperative soft tissue area, triamcinolone acetonide was significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The retrospective results of this study support that topical triamcinolone acetonide as a treatment in anterior cervical surgery can significantly reduce soft tissue swelling, and no effect was found on the operation time, postoperative blood loss, and segment. These findings provide an important basis for clinical care teams to make treatment decisions and confirm the effectiveness of triamcinolone acetonide in improving swallowing function. However, there was a possibility of information collection and selection bias due to the limitations of retrospective studies. To confirm and further advance the use of this treatment, more rigorous prospective randomized controlled trials are recommended to validate these preliminary results.
Diabetic retinopathy: Knowledge, awareness, and practices in primary-care centers in the Kingdom of Bahrain
Authors: Almohsen Maryam A.H. , Khella Mariam M.H. , Alfayez Fatema N. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
With the growing incidence of diabetic-related complications such as retinopathy and the well-understood role of screening and telemedicine around the world in preventing and managing this potentially blinding disease, there comes the importance of awareness toward this silent eye condition. Awareness ideally should be raised both from the patients’ and physicians’ perspectives. This study aims to assess the awareness of primary care physicians (PCPs) towards diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its management.

Materials and Methods:
A survey considering professional background, knowledge, and practices was distributed electronically to all PCPs in the Kingdom of Bahrain and analyzed using SPSS Vs 21.

Results:
A total of 83 physicians completed the survey; 81.9% were female and 96.4% were Bahraini. More than 60% of them accurately knew screening guidelines for type 1 and 2 DR. Of the total, 72.5% would refer patients to the ophthalmologist even if asymptomatic, and 97.6% correctly stated that a dilated eye exam is the method of choice most efficient for assessing DR. Nearly 60% knew about the current treatment modalities for DR and 91.3% knew about the presence of a national screening program in the Kingdom.

Conclusion:
The overall knowledge of DR was good with some potential gaps in information about screening. PCPs could benefit from regular refresher courses for more precise practices on screening and referral of retinopathy.