bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In situ calibration of shear ratio for quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry using double-slit interference
Authors: Zhang Xiaotian , Han Xiting , Wang Tao , Zhong Hui , Liu Shuhao , Li Yanqiu , Liu Ke 
Published: February 2024

A new method, to the best of our knowledge, based on double-slit (DS)
interference is proposed to accurately estimate the shear ratio of the
system, with plane wave or spherical wave incidence. Existing shear
ratio calibration methods, designed primarily for lateral shearing
interferometry (LSI) with plane wave incidence, are not applicable to
LSIs directly testing divergent or convergent spherical waves.
Equations for calculating the shear ratio using the fringe spacing of
the DS interferogram and the NA of the incident spherical wave are
derived in this paper. The simulation result shows that the relative
error of the shear ratio value is about 0.3%, when the shear ratio is
0.1. In the experiment, the quadriwave LSI is designed with a plug-in
feature. The shear ratio at integer multiples of 1/6 Talbot distance
from the modified Hartmann mask was calibrated using a DS, and the
results were in good agreement with theoretical values, confirming the
accuracy of the method. Subsequently, with the assistance of an
inductance micrometer, the shear ratio was calibrated at intervals of
0.5 mm, and the results closely matched the theoretical
variation of the shear ratio caused by displacement, confirming the
high precision of the method.
How clinical laboratories select and use Analytical Performance Specifications (APS) in Italy
Authors: Ceriotti Ferruccio , Buoro Sabrina , Pasotti Fabio 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Even if the topic of the analytical quality required to provide laboratory results “fit for purpose” exists since the beginning of the modern medical laboratory, there is the suspect that the expression “Analytical Performance Specifications” (APS) is not well-known. To investigate this aspect a survey was conducted.

Methods
A questionnaire with seven questions related to the knowledge about the topic, the sources of information and the criteria used by the laboratories to set the APS and their applications was prepared. It was distributed to all the clinical pathology laboratories of Lombardy Region (143) and to the members of SIBioC Laboratory Medicine (excluding Lombardy).

Results
We received 201 replies: 127 from Lombardy and 74 from the rest of Italy. Fifteen percent declared to ignore the meaning of APS and only 64 % of those knowing the meaning of the term declared to use them in the daily practice. The state-of-the-art was the principle used more frequently to set APS (about 48 %) followed by biological variation (41 %), and APS were typically applied to set goals for Internal Quality Control for selected measurands. Usually imprecision or total error APS were used, much less frequently uncertainty APS. In fact only 27 % of the laboratories declared to have calculated the measurement uncertainty for part or the majority of their measurands.

Conclusions
Even considering the limits of a survey that relies upon self-declarations, it appears clearly that, at list in Italy, there is some work to be done to promote the concept and the use of APS.
Synthesis of aluminium (Al) and alumina (Al2O3)-based graded material by gravity casting
Authors: Singh Puneet , Mer Krishna Kant Singh , Singh Satyendra 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In the present work, aluminium alloy-based composites were developed for automobile applications. Aluminium-based functionally graded material (FGM) was developed by adding 2.5, 5 and 7.5 wt% of nanoparticles of alumina. The composites were made using gravity casting in an open hearth furnace with the surface temperature of FGM maintained at 750, 850 and 1,000°C. The microstructure of the samples was studied using scanning electron microscopy and particle distribution. The particle distribution was higher at the bottom in all compositions, which can be attributed to more solidification time. As the wt% of the Al2O3 increased, the volume fraction of particles also increased from the top surface to the bottom surface of the samples. After adding 7.5 wt% of Al2O3 and heating up to 1,000°C led to the grain refinement of the alloy. The increase in hardness from the top surface to the bottom surface of the sample verified the development of FGM. Due to increase in the solidification temperature, better reinforcement was observed in the developed FGM.
Prevention starts here: effectiveness of substance abuse prevention module among adolescent students in Bengaluru – a quasi experimental study
Authors: Ramamurthy Deepthi , Manjunath Smitha , Sarvar Rana , Nair Aparna S. , Kundapur Rashmi , Rashmi Anusha , Modi Bhavesh , Kadri Amiruddin M 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured educational module on substance abuse prevention program among adolescents in enhancing their knowledge against substance abuse.

Methods
A quasi-experimental design was employed involving 120 students (mean age: 14.3±1.03 years, 59.2% boys) from two English medium schools. Participants were exposed to a structured module on substance abuse over a month. The study assessed changes in knowledge through pretest and post-test evaluations. Statistical analyses examined improvements in scores and the relationship between class of study and post-test knowledge scores.

Results
The intervention significantly improved students’ knowledge about substance abuse (p<0.001) across all measured domains, genders, and classes, with the exception of the 7th class. A positive correlation was found between the class of study and post-test scores (Rs=0.288, p<0.001), indicating that higher classes were associated with greater improvements in knowledge. These findings suggest that the training effectively increased awareness and understanding of substance abuse among participants.

Conclusions
The substance abuse prevention program successfully enhanced adolescents’ knowledge and equipped them with resilience and coping strategies, thus reducing their vulnerability to peer pressure and substance abuse. Despite the lack of significant improvement in the 7th class, the overall positive outcomes underscore the importance of implementing such educational interventions to foster healthy development and well-being among students. Further research is encouraged to explore the specific barriers to effectiveness in younger classes and to refine program content accordingly.
Effect of cannabinoids in mild-to-moderate cases of Crohn’s disease as compared to placebo: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Singh Shruti , Maharshi Vikas 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction
In view of limited treatment options (those too may fail) for Crohn’s disease, cannabinoids have been tried as a therapeutic. However, their efficacy is not unequivocally established. This systematic review and meta-analysis was planned to pool data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating effect of cannabinoids in Crohn’s disease with an intention to take this uncertainty away.

Content
Following literature search in Medline, EMBASE, Scopus and Google Scholar databases, RCTs assessing the effect of cannabinoids on mild-to-moderate Crohn’s disease in adults were included. Crohns’ disease activity index (CDAI), QoL (Quality of life), number participants achieving full remission and serum CRP at eight weeks of treatment were the outcomes considered for meta-analysis. Quality of studies was assessed using Cochrane’s RoB2 tool. Random effect model was applied for meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was assessed by Cochrane ‘Q’ statistics and I2 test. Sensitivity analysis was performed to identify the major contributor(s) to heterogeneity and assess robustness of the results.

Summary
Risk of bias for the four included studies varied from ‘low’ to ‘some concern’. Overall effect estimate (SMD −0.92; 95 % CI −1.80, −0.03) indicated a statistically significant effect of cannabinoids as compared to control (p<0.05) on CDAI score. Effect of cannabinoids on rest of the outcome parameters was comparable to that of placebo. Magnitude of heterogeneity for different outcome parameters ranged from ‘low’ to ‘substantial’.

Outlook
Cannabinoids were superior to placebo for favourably affecting the disease severity in terms of CDAI score. However, no statistically significant difference was found between the two for improving QoL, causing full disease-remission and reducing inflammatory markers. The results must be interpreted with caution in view of relatively high heterogeneity among the studies.
Colored thermal camouflage and anti-counterfeiting with programmable In3SbTe2 platform
Authors: Zhou Sihong , Dong Shikui , Guo Yanming , Shuai Yong , Xu He-Xiu , Hu Guangwei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Camouflage is an important technology in various scenarios. Usually, this involves the visible compatibility of the background, which however is facile under infrared thermal radiation detection. The simultaneous visible and thermal camouflage are challenging because it requires full and decoupled manipulations of visible reflection and infrared emissivity using one single device, let alone to its adaptivity to complex environments. Here, we report a programmable, colored thermal camouflage at 3–5 μm and 8–14 μm based on mode coupling in phase-change In3SbTe2 materials. A series of industry-friendly colored multilayer thermal emitters are designed consisting of an anti-reflectance layer for structure coloration above a coupled nanocavity for IR modulation, which easily realizes the complete decoupled control of visible color and infrared emissivity. Our solution features independent structural visible colors in the full visible range and continuously programmable dual-band emissivity modulation with up to 90 % absolute tuning range. Our work facilitates near optimal camouflage and anti-counterfeiting solution for visible-infrared multi-band compatibility of complex environments under different temperatures and colored appearances.
Resistance Training Program Design for Swimming Athletes With Down Syndrome
Authors: Lincoln Merrick A. , Guerin Gena , Nixon Katie L. , Leahy Sean , Darr Rachel L. , Guevarra Christle 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Down syndrome (DS) is a congenital condition characterized by a third copy of chromosome 21, resulting in a unique phenotype, physical, and intellectual development delays and multisystem health effects. Swimming is a commonly recommended exercise mode for individuals with DS because it has been shown to confer cardiovascular, neuromuscular, and psychological benefits. Local and international organizations offer athletes with DS opportunities to compete in swimming. Swimming athletes with DS benefit from individualized resistance training (RT) delivered by qualified strength and conditioning (S&C) practitioners. The purpose of this article is to provide the S&C practitioner with a needs-driven framework for RT program design with recommendations relevant to potential orthopedic, systemic, and sensorimotor considerations of swimming athletes with DS. Programming and periodization strategies are proposed for maximizing the effectiveness of dry-land RT for this population.
Prevalence of Adolescents Meeting Criteria for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Shapiro Warren L. , Kunani Poornima , Sidell Margo A. , Li Xia , Anderson Sabina R. , Slezak Jeffrey M. , Koebnick Corinna , Schwimmer Jeffrey B. 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
The American Academy of Pediatrics endorses metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) as a safe and effective treatment of severe obesity in children with class 3 obesity or with class 2 obesity and qualifying comorbidities. The study objective was to determine eligibility and characteristics of adolescents who qualify for MBS based on American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines.

METHODS
This retrospective cohort study analyzed electronic health record data of 603 051 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2021. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria were used to define obesity classes 2 and 3. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the factors associated with meeting MBS eligibility criteria.

RESULTS
Of the 603 041 adolescents evaluated, 22.2% had obesity (12.9% class 1, 5.4% class 2, and 3.9% class 3). The most frequently diagnosed comorbid conditions were gastroesophageal reflux disease (3.2%), hypertension (0.5%), and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (0.5%). Among adolescents with class 2 obesity, 9.1% had 1 or more comorbidities qualifying for MBS, and 4.4% of all adolescents met the eligibility criteria for MBS. In multivariable modeling, males, Black and Hispanic adolescents, and those living in more deprived neighborhoods were more likely to meet MBS eligibility criteria.

CONCLUSIONS
Overall, 1 in 23 adolescents met the eligibility criteria for MBS. Demographic and social determinants were associated with a higher risk for meeting these criteria. The study suggests that the health care system may face challenges in accommodating the demand for MBS among eligible adolescents.
Utilisation of hazelnut-derived oleosomes in liquid margarine formulation: An investigation into stability and functional enhancement
Authors: Erinç H. , Taştanoğlu F.B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the potential of utilising oleosomes extracted from hazelnuts in the formulation of liquid margarines. Aqueous extraction methods were employed to isolate oleosomes from hazelnuts, revealing approximately 83.07% fat and 2.48% protein content in hazelnut oleosomes. The stability of oleosomes at various pH levels (3–10) was examined, showing stability at pH 7 but instability at extreme pH values. Evaluation at pH 7 indicated small particle size (D3,2 ≈ 3.58 μm) and a ζ-potential of approximately −33.8 mV for isolated oleosomes. Subsequently, double emulsions were formulated by substituting traditional oil with varying oleosome concentrations (0–30%) in liquid margarine. Rheological and oxidative analyses of these margarines demonstrated decreased elastic and viscous moduli, hardness, and spreadability, alongside enhanced oxidative stability with increasing oleosome concentration. These findings suggest hazelnut-derived oleosomes offer significant stability advantages over conventional liquid margarine, presenting a promising avenue for functionally enhanced food products in the food industry.
Beyond the “Death of Research”: Reimagining the Human-AI Collaboration in Scientific Research
Authors: Salah Mohammed , Abdelfattah Fadi , Al Halbusi Hussam , Mohammed Muna 
Published: February 2024

The prevailing narrative of AI rendering research obsolete overlooks its immense potential as a collaborative tool with the capacity to revolutionize scientific exploration. This paper critically examines the relationship between AI and human intelligence, advocating for a synergistic approach that harnesses the unique strengths of both. By weaving AI’s computational prowess with human creativity, ethical reasoning, and contextual understanding, we can unlock unprecedented avenues for discovery and innovation across diverse research fields. This paper delves into the intricate interplay between AI and human intelligence, meticulously examining their strengths, limitations, and potential for collaborative synergy. It underscores the critical role of human judgment in ensuring ethical and responsible research practices, emphasizing the need for a robust philosophical and ethical framework to guide the integration of AI. Instead of succumbing to the fear of the “death of research,” this paper presents a compelling vision of a future with AI as a powerful tool to augment human capabilities. This symbiotic partnership fosters revolutionary breakthroughs while preserving the human essence of research. By embracing this collaborative model, we pave the way for a new era of scientific discovery not by the demise of research but by unprecedented innovation, ethical progress, and a deeper understanding of the world around us.
Grouping of Occupations Based on Intragenerational Mobility
Authors: Korotaev Sergey A. , Gasiukova Elena N. 
Published: February 2024

Occupation is a key factor in human thinking, feeling, and behavior. Theoretically derived occupational groupings or classes are typically used to transform occupations into a variable suitable for statistical manipulations. We argue that such groupings are unlikely to produce groups that are homogeneous across a broad set of attributes. Instead, we offer a data-driven approach to identify groups of occupations based on respondents’ mobility data using network analysis. The vertices of the network are codes of occupations, and the edges reflect the number of transitions between them. Using modularity maximization, we identify four communities and evaluate the stability of the resulting partition. As an example demonstrating the efficiency of the resulting grouping, we present a comparison of the predictive power of this grouping and one of the generally accepted groupings of occupations, that is ESeG (European Socio-Economic Grouping), in relation to the human attitudes and values found in previous publications. The results indicate the preference of our grouping.
The Concept of the Dark Triad: Effect on Organizational Outcomes and Navigating Strategies
Authors: Upadhyay Divya , Baber Hasnan 
Published: February 2024

This paper analyzes the Dark Triad (DT) personality concept and its impact on workplace behavior. All the DT components—Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy—are analyzed as well as their effects on organizational outcomes. This paper is conceptual, thus proposing a model linking the Dark Triad, organizational outcomes, and strategies for managing these outcomes. Also, it considers the impact of the Dark Triad on organizational outcomes, particularly counterproductive workplace behavior, organizational citizenship behavior, creativity and innovation, and work group/team outcomes and processes. Further, ways to combat the Dark Triad in the workplace are discussed. Finally, strategies that organizations can implement to manage these complex workplace behaviors are provided. The closing section suggests new directions for future research.
Sherpur’s Students Perception of Yeats Themes Representing Ireland and Its’ Connection to Japan’s Noh
Authors: Karmaker Ritesh , Malaker Shamoly 
Published: February 2024

The article shows that W. B. Yeats' themes have drawn attention to how Ireland's history and culture have developed. Irish bard W. B. Yeats is a pioneer who is advancing his country's culture, society, and civilization. To maintain the political cacophony of his nation while maintaining the impression of Ireland's atmospheric layout in his literature, he is constantly seen upholding it. His philosophical thoughts and concepts soften the edge of Ireland's independence. He uses the themes to make a point about coming up with ideas. In his themes, he demonstrates his writing style and presentational structure. Yeats' perspective on politics systematizing literary themes has caught the enormity of writing impetus. This article shows a qualitative approach to the use of themes Yeats. The themes in W. B. Yeats' creation are on display, and the spontaneous attitudes that he used to shape the portrayal of Ireland are the presentation's heart and soul. The use of themes has been put to signify the motif of Yeats in Sherpur Sadar, Bangladesh. Astonishingly, the significance of Yeats influences the students living far away from Ireland. Here the concerned bodies opine on the various aspect of Yeats’ themes and a brief analysis of its’ connection with Japan’s Noh or Nogaku which essentially influenced Yeats’ works.
The Acquisition of Japanese Case Particles by Indonesian Learners of Japanese: Focusing on the Concept of Kou “Argument” of Verb
Authors: Maarif Samsul 
Published: February 2024

This research is a continuation of previous research. In previous research, the author examined the effect of the theoretical explanation of the Japanese adnominal clause on the learners’ understanding. However, in this research, it was discovered that students’ knowledge of case particles in Japanese is a key determinant of understanding Japanese adnominal clauses. In this research, the author tries to examine the effect of students’ understanding of case particles in Japanese through the concept of Kou (argument) in verbs. In line with previous research, in this research, the author also tries to bridge the theoretical concepts of linguistics so that they can be applied to Japanese language learning in the classroom. In this research, the author took 20 second-year students as a sample and divided them into two groups. In the experimental group, the author used the Focus on Form (FoF) method to teach the concept of the verb “argument” so that students could determine the correct Japanese case particles. Meanwhile, in group control, they only do pattern practice exercises like a normal class. The test analysis results of the two groups after attending the experimental class did not show any significant differences. In future research, it is necessary to look at the long-term influence of applying linguistic theory in the classroom.
Several Categories of Energy Harvested Routing Protocols, Challenges, and Characteristics in WSN: A Review
Authors: Bhanu Priyanka Valluri Et al. 
Published: February 2024

The routing protocol is a technique for determining the most efficient channel for data transmission. The route selection procedure, which relies on the kind of network, channel conditions, and measurement systems, presents several challenges. Routing is essential in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) for environmental monitoring, traffic monitoring, and other applications. WSNs are small nodes that can sense, interpret data, and communicate wirelessly. Many routing, power control, and data dissemination techniques have been developed specifically for WSNs, where energy efficiency is a crucial design factor.
On the other hand, the focus has been on energy harvesting and standard routing methods, which can vary depending on the design and network architecture. In a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), the data collected by the sensor nodes is typically transferred to the base station, which connects the sensor network to other networks (such as the internet), where it is processed and necessary action is taken. WSN has recently been developed to allow various applications, including traffic enforcement building automation, smart warfare, environmental sensing, and many more.WSN integrates several sensors or nodes deployed around a specific node to perform computational processes.