bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OF GERMINATING SEEDS ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND REPRODUCTION OFNALA LIVIDIPES(DUFOUR) DERMAPTERA: LABIDURIDAE)
Authors: Simpson G. B. , Robertson L. N. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe survival of nymphs and adults of the black field earwig, Nala lividipes, was best when they were reared on germinating seeds of wheat, sorghum, maize and sunflower. Survival was very low for earwigs reared on soybean, and no nymphs survived to adulthood in the absence of seeds or when reared on chickpea or cotton. Life‐table data indicated that population increases were possible only when the earwigs were reared on sorghum, maize, and wheat in ascending order. Numbers remained constant when fed on sunflower and declined if soybeans were the only food available. Rearing was at a constant temperature of 28°C (± 0.5°C) with a black cracking clay at 40% moisture.
Ability to Transmit Sugarcane Mosaic Virus and Seasonal Phenology of Some Aphid Species (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the Isis and Bundaberg Districts of Queensland
Authors: Noone D. F. , SRISINK S. , TEAKLE D. S. , ALLSOPP P. G. , TAYLOR P. W. J. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), Aphis gossypii Glover and Myzus persicae (Sultzer) transmitted the Australian sugarcane strain of sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV‐SC) in a non‐persistent manner, whereas Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner), Hysteroneura setariae (Thomas), Hyperomyzus lactucae (L.) and Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe did not transmit the virus. Calculated transmission rate per aphid was higher (12–16%) when sweetcorn was the source of SCMV‐SC than when sugarcane was the source (2–5%). M. sacchari (a non‐vector) and A. gossypii (a vector) were the most prevalent aphids caught on sticky yellow traps in the Isis and Bundaberg districts in 1989–91. Three vector species, A craccivora Koch, A. gossypii and R. maidis, were trapped mainly in spring, summer and autumn, and a fourth vector species, R. padi (L.) was trapped only in winter. Since vector species were active during all seasons, there is always potential for transmission of SCMV‐SC if host, virus and environmental factors are favourable.
In‐Vitro Comparison of the Larvicidal Activity of Moxidectin and Abamectin Against Onthophagus gazella (F.) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and Haematobia irritans exigua De Meijere (Diptera: Muscidae)
Authors: Doherty W. M. , STEWART N. P. , COBB R. M. , KEIRAN P. J. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTWhen incorporated directly into cattle dung, a formulation of moxidectin was less toxic to larvae of the dung beetle Onthophagus gazella and the buffalo fly, Haematobia irritans exigua, than an abamectin formulation. Concentrations of moxidectin 64‐fold greater than abamectin concentrations were required to produce equivalent toxicities. Neither moxidectin nor abamectin reduced oviposition by O. gazella. Moxidectin may consequently be less likely than abamectin to affect the decomposition of cattle dung but may have less effect on buffalo fly infestations.
Two New Species of Corethrella Coquillet From Australia, with Further Observations on Morphological Variation within the Genus (Diptera: Corethrellidae)
Authors: COLLESS D. H. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTStudies of Australian Corethrella Coquillet, using standard morphological methods supported by numerical techniques (ordinations based on Principal Component Analysis), reveal the presence here of two species that are described as new, as well as three other distinct geographic “forms” that are quite possibly also distinct species. the Principal Component Analysis employed a novel method for coding data.
Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Western Province of Papua New Guinea and the Threat of its Introduction to Australia
Authors: COOPER R. D. , Waterson D. G. E. , Kupo M. , Sweeney A. W. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTIn the Western Province of Papua New Guinea populations of the dengue vector Aedes albopictus were found in Daru and Kiunga, but not in three coastal villages opposite the Torres Strait Islands. the implications of these findings with regard to the possible introduction of this mosquito to Australia are discussed.
The Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Fauna of Holmes Jungle, a Rainforest Patch in the Seasonal Tropics of Australia's Northern Territory
Authors: ANDERSEN ALAN N. , REICHEL HANNA 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTThe ants of Holmes Jungle, a rainforest patch 15 km northeast of Darwin, were surveyed during the 1991/2 wet season using pitfall traps, quadrat counts and direct searches. This is the first comprehensive documentation of any rainforest ant fauna in the Northern Territory. A total of 47 species (six of them introduced) from 24 genera was collected. These include a previously uncollected species ofPolyrhachisFr. Smith, a new generic record (EctomomyrmexMayr) for the Northern Territory, and the first record ofMonomorium talpaEmery from Australia. the most common ants on the ground were Opportunists (particularly species ofParatrechinaMotschoulsky,RhytidoponeraMayr andOdontomachusLatreille), Generalised Myrmicinae (mostlyPheidolespp.), and Cryptic Species (mostlyM. talpa). Canopy ants were abundant and composed almost entirely of tree‐nesting taxa, primarily species ofOecophyllaFr. Smith,CamponotusMayr,PolyrhachisandCrematogasterLund. the majority (68%) of all species have Torresian (tropical) affinities, and 32% can be considered as specialist rainforest taxa. Nearly half (45%) the species also occur in rainforests of the Kimberley region of Western Australia. Species richness and the relative abundances of different functional groups are also similar to those at comparable sites in the Kimberley. However, Holmes Jungle has a considerably greater proportion of Torresian species, a far greater representation of specialist rainforest taxa, and many more arboreal species than occur in Kimberley rainforests.
Do Ants Use Ultrasound for Personal Communication (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)?
Authors: ESPERSON J. R. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTThis essay considers a possible solution to the problems facing the eusocial ants, most of which nest underground or in other obscure conditions, and carry out a variety of housekeeping tasks. Some ants are known to produce short sounds by stridulation with short periods between them, which are audible to humans. This is reminiscent of bats, which also live in caves, issue similar sounds, and are known to receive echoes reflected from objects around them, and thus build up a mental picture of their vicinity. Unlike the bats, I suggest that the ants produce sounds mechanically and listen to them via their chordotonal organs, but produce a similar effect.
Fecundity and Oviposition by Perthida glyphopa Common (Lepidoptera: Incurvariidae)
Authors: MAZANEC Z. , JUSTIN M. J. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTFecundity of the jarrah leafminer, Perthida glyphopa, was studied in eight generations. On average, a female contained 142 eggs of which 47% were mature at eclosion. the total number of eggs increased with the weight of the female. the number of eggs laid per emerged female in the forest was generally lower than this average and was related to the density of leaves in the forest canopy, which in turn was influenced by rainfall of the previous winter. At sites where young leaves, preferred and sought by the females for oviposition, were more abundant than in the surrounding forest, the number of eggs laid per emerged female often exceeded the average of 142. Such local increases in the production of young leaves and the consequent increase in oviposition per emerged female were often observed to occur after a management treatment of the forest. A hypothesis is developed relating the initiation of outbreaks by the jarrah leafminer to the increased production of young leaves following such treatments.
Insecticide Resistance Detected in Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from New South Wales Cotton
Authors: HERRON G. A. , ROPHAIL J. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTInsecticide resistance in Myzus persicae is documented for the first time in Australia in cotton. Resistance levels detected were monocrotophos 56x, chlorpyrifos 46x, dimethoate 16x, pirimicarb 6x, methomyl 5x, methamidophos 4x, and profenofos 4x.
On the Scientific Name of the Australian “Spur‐throated Locust” (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
Authors: KEY K. H. L. , RENTZ D. C. F. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTThe injurious locust known in Australian economic entomological literature as the Spur‐throated Locust has been cited in numerous papers since 1939 as Austracris guttulosa (Walker). Some confusion has resulted from proposed synonymisation of the genus Austracris Uvarov with Patanga Uvarov and Nomadacris Uvarov. It is argued that those synonymisations are unjustified and that Austracris guttulosa is the valid scientific name of the Spur‐throated Locust.
The Blue Land Planarian, Caenoplana coerulea Moseley (Tricladida: Geoplanidae), a Predator of Ommatoiulus moreleti (Lucas) (Diplopoda: Julidae) in Southern Australia
Authors: TERRACE T. E. , BAKER G. H. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTThe blue planarian, Caenoplana coerulea, is a predator of the black Portuguese millipede, Ommatoiulus moreleti, an introduced nuisance pest in southern Australia. Some observations on the reproduction and early development of C. coerulea are included.
Troglophilic Moths in Australia: First Record of a Self‐sustaining Population
Authors: WEINSTEIN P. , EDWARDS E. D. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTRecords of moths from Australian caves are scanty, and the paucity of accompanying biological data has not allowed the existence of self‐sustaining troglophilic populations to be confirmed. We report a self‐sustaining population of guanophilic pyralids (Pyralis manihotalis Guenée) from a tropical cave in North Queensland, the first substantiated record of troglophilic moth in Australia, and the first record of this species from a cave. the behaviour and distribution of the moth within the cave was consistent with current hypotheses on the evolution of non‐relictual tropical cave species.
Pyrethroid Resistance Increasing in Unsprayed Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in New South Wales 1987–90
Authors: GUNNING ROBIN V. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTPyrethroid resistance frequencies were determined in unsprayed Helicoverpa armigera populations collected at sites 300–400 km from northern NSW cotton growing areas. Results confirmed a gradual loss of pyrethroid susceptibility in the unsprayed populations. At the conclusion of the survey, the frequency of resistant H. armigera was greater than 50%. These resistance frequencies are very similar to those found in sprayed H. armigera populations from cotton areas. Untreated H. armigera obviously cannot greatly suppress resistance build‐up in cotton populations by supplying migrants from a susceptible gene pool. Resistant moths must readily disperse between sprayed and unsprayed areas.
Determination of a Relationship Between Soil Moisture and Screwworm Fly (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Activity
Authors: STUART M. A. , MAYER D. G. , ATZENI M. G. , McKEON G. M. , SPRADBERY J. P. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTTo model screwworm fly (Diptera: Calliphoridae) population dynamics, it is necessary to quantify the relationship between soil moisture and screwworm fly numbers. Climatic data from one case study of Chrysomya bezziana (Villeneuve) and five case studies of Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) from tropical and subtropical areas were statistically analysed to determine the effect of soil moisture (corrected for temperature) on screwworm fly incidence. Significant relationships occurred in three of the six cases; in two cases the relationship was humped, and in the other linear. Both prolonged dry conditions and soil saturation cause reduced screwworm fly emergence whereas intermediate soil moisture is adequate for pupal development and adult emergence. the relationship previously used in the CLIMEX package was found to be biased because it did not adequately penalise saturated soil conditions. an improved function was estimated to correct for this bias.
A New Species of Mallada Navás (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from Australia with a Key to Species
Authors: WINTERTON S. L. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT Mallada albofacialis sp.n. is described from Queensland and the Northern Territory. A revised key to Australian species of Mallada is presented. M. albofacialis appears closely related to another northern species, M. traviata (Banks). Larvae of M. albofacialis are trash carriers and are recorded feeding on Icerya spp. New distribution records are given for M. traviata.
Timing of Pupation of Inopus rubriceps (Macquart) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) in Sugarcane Fields
Authors: SAMSON P. R. , McLENNAN P. D. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTLarvae of sugarcane soldier fly, Inopus rubriceps, pupated during autumn in sugarcane fields. Under conditions of moist soil and good cane growth, pupation occurred about 1 month later in northern and central Queensland than in southern Queensland and northern New South Wales, and this was related to soil temperature. the midpoint of the pupation period coincided with mean soil temperatures of 20‐25° in each area. A laboratory experiment showed that pupation was inhibited at 25° and favoured by lower temperatures. the timing of pupation varied between years in one canefield in southern Queensland. Late pupation in 1991 was associated with small average size of larvae in early autumn and with dry soil conditions and poor cane growth. A high proportion of larvae failed to pupate before winter in this field in 1991. In normal years this carryover of larvae into winter was only about 10%. Male pupae were smaller than female pupae. Pupal weights were similar in each of the areas and years studied, but in some fields pupal weights declined with time during the pupation period.
Susceptibility to Ivermectin of Pyrethroid‐Resistant Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
Authors: RUGG D. , SALES N. , KOTZE A. C. , LEVOT G. W. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTThe susceptibility to ivermectin of a highly selected pyrethroid‐resistant laboratory strain of the Australian sheep blowfly Lucilia cuprina was assessed in a paper‐serum bioassay and compared with an organophosphate‐resistant field strain and a laboratory‐susceptible strain. While the pyrethroid‐resistant strain has a resistance factor of > 3000‐fold to deltamethrin, ivermectin was only 2.5‐fold less toxic to this strain than it was to the other two strains. These results indicate that pyrethroid resistance is unlikely to affect the larvicidal activity of ivermectin in L. cuprina.
Defensive Secretions of Amorbus obscuricornis (Westwood), A. rubiginosus (Guérin‐Méneville) and Gelonus tasmanicus (Le Guillou) (Hemiptera: Coreidae)
Authors: STEINBAUER M. J. , DAVIES N. W. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTThe nymphal and adult defensive secretions of Amorbus obscuricornis, A. rubiginosus and Gelonus tasmanicus were analysed using gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). of the 15 volatile aliphatic compounds identified, two have not been recorded from the Coreidae previously, namely 2‐hexanone and n‐butyl acetate. the composition of the secretions from nymphs and adults of the same species were found to differ markedly. However, nymphal secretions were qualitatively more similar across species than those of the adults. Quantitative differences between secretion compositions of adult males and females of the same species were minimal.
Phytoseiids (Acari: Phytoseiidae) Dominate the Mite Fauna on Grapevines in Canberra District Vineyards
Authors: JAMES DAVID G. , WHITNEY JENNIFER , RAYNER MARGARET 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTMite populations on grapevines in five Canberra district vineyards during 1991‐1993 were characterised by large numbers of phytoseiids and small, non‐damaging populations of the pests grapeleaf blister mite, Colomerus vitis (Pagenstecher), and grapeleaf rust mite, Calepitrimerus vitis (Nalepa). Six phytoseiid species (Typhlodromus doreenae Schicha, T. dossei Schicha, T. australicus (Womersley), Amblyseius waltersi Schicha, A. elinae Schicha and Phytoseius fotheringhamiae Denmark and Schicha) were recorded. T. doreenae was the dominant species and occurred in all vineyards. P. fotheringhamiae was abundant in a single vineyard and T. dossei occurred in small numbers in two vineyards. the other species were represented by single individuals. Implications of these results for viticultural mite management based on biological control are discussed.
Functional Responses of the European Earwig and Two Species of Coccinellids to Densities of Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Authors: ASANTE S. K. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTThe functional response data obtained in the laboratory for the major predators of woolly aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum, namely Forficula auricularia L., Parapriasus australasiae (Boisduval) and Harmonia confirmis (Boisduval) all fitted well to the type II model of the Holling disc equation. These predators consumed larger numbers of early than later instars of E. lanigerum within the same time period. Adult H. conformis had a lower instantaneous search rate and handling time and could also consume larger numbers of E. lanigerum than could mature larvae. Overall, F. auricularia was the most efficient predator of E. lanigerum.
Age‐Grading Nymphal Instars of Apterous Virginoparae of Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Authors: ASANTE S. K. , CAIRNS S. C. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTA reliable method for age‐grading field‐collected nymphal instars of apterous virginoparae of Eriosoma lanigerum is reported. A classification criterion in the form of linear discriminant function analysis was developed for laboratory populations of E. lanigerum using measurements of several morphological characters. This model was cross‐validated using field‐collected aphids that had been sorted a priori into instar stages on the basis of a set of morphometric measurements. All field‐collected second instars were classified as sorted, while almost all third and fourth instars were classified as sorted. to attain this degree of accuracy in classifying individuals from field populations, measurements of the distance between cornicles, cauda width, body length and hind tibia length are required. This method was developed to obtain quantitative estimates of the effect of mortality factors and the rates of increase of field populations of E. lanigerum.
Effectiveness of Neomolgus capillatus (Kramer) (Acarina: Bdellidae) as a Predator of Sminthurus viridis (L.) (Collembola: Sminthuridae) in Northwestern Tasmania
Authors: IRESON J. E. , WEBB W. R. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTAutumn populations of lucerne flea, Sminthurus viridis, have been reduced by about 95% to non‐damaging levels in north‐west Tasmania by the addition of the introduced predator the spiny snout mite, Neomolgus capillatus, to the established predator complex. Low activity of N. capillatus in early spring reduced its ability to control S. viridis later in spring. the possible use of an additional predator, a whirligig mite, Anystis wallacei Otto, that could improve control of spring populations is discussed.
Potter Spray Tower Bioassay of Selected Citrus Pests to Petroleum Spray Oil
Authors: HERRON G. A. , BEATTIE G. A. C. , PARKES R. A. , BARCHIA I. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTA Potter spray tower was used to determine the relative susceptibility of selected stages of various citrus pests and green peach aphid to petroleum spray oils. the order of decreasing susceptibility, expressed as μg oil/cm2 required to give 95% mortality, was first‐instar Saissetia oleae (Olivier) 41, first‐instar Ceroplastes sinensis Del Guercio 46, adult Myzus persicae (Sulzer) 50, first‐instar Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell) 55, first‐instar C. destructor Newstead 59, first‐instar C. rubens Maskell 59, adult Panonychus citri (McGregor) 71, adult Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouché) 74, first‐instar Pseudococcus calceolariae (Maskell) 135, adult Tetranychus urticae Koch 166, adult Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy) 241, prepupal H. haemorrhoidalis 351, and adult P. calceolariae 1075. the validity of the technique and the relevance of the results to practical field application are discussed in terms of a phytotoxicity threshold of 150 μg oil/cm2.
Fauna and Seasonal Abundance of Carpophilus spp. (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in Four Stone Fruit Growing Regions of Southeastern Australia as Determined by Pheromone‐trapping
Authors: JAMES DAVID G. , FAULDER RICHARD J. , BARTELT ROBERT J. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTTraps baited with synthetic aggregation pheromones of Carpophilus hemipterus (L.), C. mutilatus Erichson and C. davidsoni Dobson and fermenting bread dough were used to identify the fauna and monitor seasonal abundance of nitidulids in orchards in four stone fruit growing regions of southeastern Australia (Shepparton, Cobram (Victoria), Renmark (South Australia), Windsor (New South Wales)). During 1992‐94, seven species (C. davidsoni, C. hemipterus, C. mutilatus, C. (Urophorus) humeralis (F.), C. gaveni Dobson, C. marginellus Motschulsky and an unidentified species “Y”) were trapped at all sites and an additional unidentified species (“X”) was recorded from Windsor. C. davidsoni was the dominant species at all sites, particularly at Shepparton where it accounted for 88‐98% of all nitidulids trapped. C. hemipterus was trapped commonly at Cobram and Renmark but was rare at Windsor and Shepparton. C. mutilatus was common at Windsor and Renmark but rare in Shepparton and Cobram. the total number of nitidulids trapped at Shepparton was 10‐15 times greater than at the other sites in 1993‐94. Seasonal abundance of Carpophilus spp. was similar at all sites with high numbers in spring, followed by a decline and a secondary peak in early summer. At the three inland sites (Shepparton, Cobram, Renmark), populations “crashed” and beetles were virtually absent during January‐March. A less dramatic decline also occurred at Windsor.
Field Evaluation of Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and Selected Pesticides and Enhancers for Control of Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)
Authors: BEATTIE G. A. C. , SOMSOOK V. , WATSON D. M. , CLIFT A. D. , JIANG L. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTThe efficacies of sprays containing the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae and selected pesticides and enhancers for control of citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella, were evaluated in two experiments. the first compared three rates of nematode infective juveniles a plus nonionic surfactant with three rates of petroleum spray oil, three rates of fenoxycarb, and single rates of methidathion and permethrin. the second compared three rates of infective juveniles plus nonionic surfactant with the same three rates of infective juveniles plus a polysaccharide and petroleum spray oil mixture, three rates of fenoxycarb plus petroleum spray oil, and single rates of methidathion and fenoxycarb. Larval mortalities caused by methidathion, permethrin, the highest rate of the nematode, and the two higher rates of fenoxycarb in the first experiment were all significantly higher than the control, with permethrin the most effective treatment. the effect of oil on mortality was ambiguous, and the percentage of mined leaves in all sprayed treatments did not differ significantly from the control. In the second experiment larval mortalities were only significantly higher than in the control in the fenoxycarb and methidathion treatments. However, with the exception of the nematode/surfactant and methidathion treatments, the number of mines per leaf in all sprayed treatments was significantly lower than in the control. Similar differences were recorded for percentage of mined leaves. In the nematode/polysaccharide/oil treatments these effects were not related to nematode concentration indicating a controlling effect of the polysaccharide/oil mixture warranting further investigation. We believe these effects on infestation levels were more important than any effect on larval mortality.