bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multisite prospective study of perioperative pain management practices for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in adolescents: Society for Pediatric Anesthesia Improvement Network (SPAIN) Project Report
Authors: Sadacharam Kesavan , Furstein James S , Staffa Steven J , Li Galaxy , Karroum Rami , Booth Jocelyn M , Kim Eugene , McCahan Suzanne M , Muhly Wallis T , Chidambaran Vidya 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionAlthough 200 000 adolescents undergo anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) surgery annually, no benchmarks for pediatric post-ACLR pain management exist. We created a multicenter, prospective, observational registry to describe pain practices, pain, and functional recovery after pediatric ACLR.MethodsParticipants (n=519; 12–17.5 years) were enrolled from 15 sites over 2 years. Data on perioperative management and surgical factors were collected. Pain/opioid use and Lysholm scores were assessed preoperatively, on postoperative day 1 (POD1), POD3, week 6, and month 6. Descriptive statistics and trends for opioid use, pain, and function are presented.ResultsRegional analgesia was performed in 447/519 (86%) subjects; of these, adductor canal single shot was most frequent (54%), nerve catheters placed in 24%, and perineural adjuvants used in 43%. On POD1, POD3, week 6, and month 6, survey response rates were 73%, 71%, 61%, and 45%, respectively. Over these respective time points, pain score >3/10 was reported by 64% (95% CI: 59% to 69%), 46% (95% CI: 41% to 52%), 5% (95% CI: 3% to 8%), and 3% (95% CI: 1% to 6%); the number of daily oxycodone doses used was 2.8 (SD 0.19), 1.8 (SD 0.13), 0, and 0. There was considerable variability in timing and tests for postdischarge functional assessments. Numbness and weakness were reported by 11% and 4% at week 6 (n=315) and 16% and 2% at month 6 (n=233), respectively.ConclusionWe found substantial variability in the use of blocks to manage post-ACLR pain in children, with a small percentage experiencing long-term pain and neurological symptoms. Studies are needed to determine best practices for regional anesthesia and functional assessments in this patient population.
Adaptive Fuzzy Backstepping and Backstepping Sliding Mode Controllers Based on ICD Observer: A Comparative Study
Authors: Choueikh Safa , Kermani Marwen , M’Sahli Faouzi 
Published: April 2024

This paper develops a Fuzzy Adaptive Backstepping Control (FABC) and a Fuzzy Adaptive Backstepping Sliding Mode Control (FABSMC) for Single-Input Single-Output (SISO) nonlinear-systems with unmeasured states. The proposed adaptive schemes are fully compared. Thus, the Fuzzy Type-2 (FT2) concept and the High-Order Integral-Chain Differentiator (HOICD) are used as two universal approximators. Indeed, the first one is employed to approximate the nonlinear system model’s and the second one to estimate the unknown states. Special attention is paid for the used approximators robustness under unmodeled dynamics, parameter variations and process noise. It should be noted that the asymptotic stability of both the fuzzy adaptive controls and the observer convergence for each scheme have been proved. In addition, the employed schemes have been simulated on a two-tank coupled nonlinear system. Thus, from simulation results, we can prove that the proposed methods guarantee that all signals for closed loop systems are both regular and bounded. Specifically, it can be shown that the performances of the proposed Fuzzy Interval Type-2 (FIT2) schemes are significantly improved compared with Fuzzy Type-1 (FT1) schemes in presence of external disturbances.
Alginate‐Encapsulated Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Improve Hind Limb Ischemia in a Translational Swine Model
Authors: Deppen Juline N. , Ginn Sydney C. , Tang Erica O. , Wang Lanfang , Brockman Maegan L. , Levit Rebecca D. 
Published: April 2024

Background
Cellular therapies have been investigated to improve blood flow and prevent amputation in peripheral artery disease with limited efficacy in clinical trials. Alginate‐encapsulated mesenchymal stromal cells (eMSCs) demonstrated improved retention and survival and promoted vascular generation in murine hind limb ischemia through their secretome, but large animal evaluation is necessary for human applicability. We sought to determine the efficacy of eMSCs for peripheral artery disease–induced limb ischemia through assessment in our durable swine hind limb ischemia model.

Methods and Results

Autologous bone marrow eMSCs or empty alginate capsules were intramuscularly injected 2 weeks post–hind limb ischemia establishment (N=4/group). Improvements were quantified for 4 weeks through walkway gait analysis, contrast angiography, blood pressures, fluorescent microsphere perfusion, and muscle morphology and histology. Capsules remained intact with mesenchymal stromal cells retained for 4 weeks. Adenosine‐induced perfusion deficits and muscle atrophy in ischemic limbs were significantly improved by eMSCs versus empty capsules (mean±SD, 1.07±0.19 versus 0.41±0.16,
P
=0.002 for perfusion ratios and 2.79±0.12 versus 1.90±0.62 g/kg,
P
=0.029 for ischemic muscle mass). Force‐ and temporal‐associated walkway parameters normalized (ratio, 0.63±0.35 at week 3 versus 1.02±0.19 preligation;
P
=0.17), and compensatory footfall patterning was diminished in eMSC‐administered swine (12.58±8.46% versus 34.85±15.26%;
P
=0.043). Delivery of eMSCs was associated with trending benefits in collateralization, local neovascularization, and muscle fibrosis. Hypoxia‐cultured porcine mesenchymal stromal cells secreted vascular endothelial growth factor and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates the promise of the mesenchymal stromal cell secretome at improving peripheral artery disease outcomes and the potential for this novel swine model to serve as a component of the preclinical pipeline for advanced therapies.
Trends and Disparities in Treatment and Control of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in US Adults, 1999 to 2018
Authors: Li Jingen , Zhang Jie , Somers Virend K. , Covassin Naima , Zhang Lijing , Xu Hao 
Published: April 2024

Background
Although cardiovascular mortality continued declining from 2000 to 2019, the rate of this decrease decelerated. We aimed to assess the trends and disparities in risk factor control and treatment among US adults with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease to find potential causes of the deceleration.

Methods and Results

A total of 55 ,021 participants, aged ≥20 years, from the 1999 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included, of which 5717 were with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Risk factor control was defined as hemoglobin A1c <7%, blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg, and non–high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol <100 mg/dL. The prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease oscillated between 7.3% and 8.9% from 1999 to 2018. A significant increasing trend was observed in the prevalence of diabetes, obesity, heavy alcohol consumption, and self‐reported hypertension within the population with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (
P
trend
≤0.001). Non–high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol <100 mg/dL increased from 7.1% in 1999 to 2002 to 15.7% in 2003 to 2006, before plateauing. Blood pressure control (<140/90 mm Hg) increased until 2011 to 2014, but declined to 70.1% in 2015 to 2018 (
P
trend
<0.001,
P
joinpoint
=0.14). Similarly, the proportion of participants achieving hemoglobin A1c control began to decrease after 2006 (
P
joinpoint
=0.05,
P
trend
=0.001). The percentage of participants achieving all 3 targets increased significantly from 4.5% to 18.6% across 1999 to 2018 (
P
trend
=0.02), but the increasing trend decelerated after 2005 to 2006 (
P
joinpoint
<0.001). Striking disparities in risk factor control and medication use persisted between sexes, and between different racial and ethnic populations.

Conclusions
Worsened control of glycemia, blood pressure, obesity, and alcohol consumption, leveled lipid control, and persistent socioeconomic disparities may be contributing factors to the observed deceleration in decreasing cardiovascular mortality trends.
Imbalance of Iron Availability and Demand in Patients With Acute and Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Lanser Lukas , Poelzl Gerhard , Messner Moritz , Ungericht Maria , Zaruba Marc‐Michael , Hirsch Jakob , Hechenberger Stefan , Obersteiner Stefan , Koller Bernhard , Ulmer Hanno , Weiss Guenter 
Published: April 2024

Background
Iron deficiency (ID) is a frequent comorbidity in patients with acute (AHF) and chronic heart failure (CHF) associated with morbidity and death. We aimed to better characterize iron homeostasis in patients with heart failure applying different biomarkers and to evaluate the accuracy of current ID definition by the European Society of Cardiology/American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association to indicate tissue iron availability and demand.

Methods and Results
We performed a retrospective cohort study investigating 277 patients with AHF and 476 patients with CHF between February 2021 and May 2022. Patients with AHF had more advanced ID than patients with CHF, reflected by increased soluble transferrin receptor and soluble transferrin receptor–ferritin index, and lower ferritin, serum iron, transferrin saturation, hepcidin, and reticulocyte hemoglobin. Decreased iron availability or increased tissue iron demand, reflected by increased soluble transferrin receptor–ferritin index and decreased reticulocyte hemoglobin, was found in 84.1% (AHF) and 28.0% (CHF) with absolute ID and in 50.0% (AHF) and 10.5% (CHF) with combined ID according to the current European Society of Cardiology/American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association–based ID definition. Low hepcidin expression as an indicator of systemic ID was found in 91.1% (AHF) and 80.4% (CHF) of patients with absolute ID and in 32.3% (AHF) and 18.8% (CHF) of patients with combined ID. ID definitions with higher specificity reduce the need for iron supplementation by 25.5% in patients with AHF and by 65.6% in patients with CHF.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that the current European Society of Cardiology/American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association–based ID definition might overestimate true ID, particularly in CHF. More stringent thresholds for ID could more accurately identify patients with heart failure with reduced tissue iron availability who benefit from intravenous iron supplementation.
Retinal Ischemic Perivascular Lesion Reflects Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burden in Single Subcortical Infarction
Authors: Kwapong William R. , Yan Yuying , Cao Le , Wang Hang , Ye Chen , Jiang Shuai , Tao Wendan , Wu Bo 
Published: April 2024

Background
Retinal ischemic perivascular lesions (RIPLs) are an indicator of ischemia in the middle retina. We aimed to determine the relationship between RIPLs and single subcortical infarction (SSI). We also investigated the differences in cerebral small vessel disease imaging burden between groups with and without RIPLs in SSI.

Methods and Results

In this case–control study, we enrolled 82 patients with SSI and 72 nonstroke controls. All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging and swept‐source optical coherence tomography/optical coherence tomography angiography. Small vessel disease markers such as lacunes, cerebral microbleeds, white matter hyperintensity, and perivascular spaces were rated on brain imaging. RIPLs were assessed via swept‐source optical coherence tomography. Optical coherence tomography angiography was used to measure the superficial vascular complex and deep vascular complex of the retina. After adjusting for risk factors, the presence of RIPLs was significantly associated with SSI (odds ratio [OR], 1.506 [95% CI, 1.365–1.662],
P
<0.001). Eyes with RIPLs showed lower deep vascular complex density (
P
=0.035) compared with eyes without RIPLs in patients with SSI. After adjusting for vascular risk factors, the presence of RIPLs in patients with SSI was associated with an increased periventricular white matter hyperintensity burden (β=0.414 [95% CI, 0.181–0.647],
P
<0.001) and perivascular spaces‐basal ganglia (β=0.296 [95% CI, 0.079–0.512],
P
=0.008).

Conclusions
RIPLs are associated with SSI independent of underlying risk factors. The relationship between the presence of RIPLs and small vessel disease markers provides evidence that RIPLs might be an additional indicator of cerebral ischemic changes.
Persistent Inequities in Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke in the United States: Results From the Nationwide Inpatient Sample
Authors: Sun Philip , Zheng Ling , Lin Michelle , Cen Steven , Hammond Gmerice , Joynt Maddox Karen E. , Kim‐Tenser May , Sanossian Nerses , Mack William , Towfighi Amytis 
Published: April 2024

Background
Despite its approval for acute ischemic stroke >25 years ago, intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) remains underused, with inequities by age, sex, race, ethnicity, and geography. Little is known about IVT rates by insurance status.

Methods and Results

We assessed temporal trends from 2002 to 2015 in IVT for acute ischemic stroke in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample using adjusted, survey
‐
weighted logistic regression. We calculated odds ratios for IVT for each category in 2002 to 2008 (period 1) and 2009 to 2015 (period 2). IVT use for acute ischemic stroke increased from 1.0% in 2002 to 6.8% in 2015 (adjusted annual relative ratio, 1.15). Individuals aged ≥85 years had the most pronounced increase during 2002 to 2015 (adjusted annual relative ratio, 1.18) but were less likely to receive IVT compared with 18‐ to 44‐year‐olds in period 1 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.23) and period 2 (aOR, 0.36). Women were less likely than men to receive IVT, but the disparity narrowed over time (period 1: aOR, 0.81; period 2: aOR, 0.94). Inequities in IVT resolved for Hispanic individuals in period 2 (aOR, 0.96) but not for Black individuals (period 2: aOR, 0.81). The disparity in IVT for Medicare patients, compared with privately insured patients, lessened over time (period 1: aOR, 0.59; period 2: aOR, 0.75). Patients treated in rural hospitals remained less likely to receive IVT than in urban hospitals; a more dramatic increase in urbanity widened the inequity (period 2, urban nonteaching versus rural: aOR, 2.58, period 2, urban teaching versus rural: aOR, 3.90).

Conclusions
IVT for acute ischemic stroke increased among adults. Despite some encouraging trends, the remaining disparities highlight the need for intensified efforts at addressing inequities.
Independent Relationship of Lipoprotein(a) and Carotid Atherosclerosis With Long‐Term Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Qi Yue , Duan Youling , Deng Qiuju , Yang Na , Sun Jiayi , Li Jiangtao , Hu Piaopiao , Liu Jun , Liu Jing 
Published: April 2024

Background
Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is considered to be a causal risk factor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), but whether there is an independent or joint association of Lp(a) and atherosclerotic plaque with ASCVD risk remains uncertain. This study aims to assess ASCVD risk independently or jointly conferred by Lp(a) and carotid atherosclerotic plaque.

Methods and Results
A total of 5471 participants with no history of cardiovascular disease at baseline were recruited and followed up for ASCVD events (all fatal and nonfatal acute coronary and ischemic stroke events) over a median of 11.5 years. Independent association of Lp(a), or the joint association of Lp(a) and carotid plaque with ASCVD risk, was explored using Cox proportional hazards models. Overall, 7.6% of the participants (60.0±7.9 years of age; 2649 [48.4%] men) had Lp(a) ≥50 mg/dL, and 539 (8.4/1000 person‐years) incident ASCVD events occurred. Lp(a) concentrations were independently associated with long‐term risk of total ASCVD events, as well as coronary events and ischemic stroke events. Participants with Lp(a) ≥50 mg/dL had a 62% higher risk of ASCVD incidence (95% CI, 1.19–2.21) than those with Lp(a) <10 mg/dL, and they exhibited a 10‐year ASCVD incidence of 11.7%. This association exists even after adjusting for prevalent plaque. Moreover, participants with Lp(a) ≥30 mg/dL and prevalent plaque had a significant 4.18 times higher ASCVD risk than those with Lp(a) <30 mg/dL and no plaque.

Conclusions
Higher Lp(a) concentrations are independently associated with long‐term ASCVD risk and may exaggerate cardiovascular risk when concomitant with atherosclerotic plaque.
A Practical Tool for Measuring Home‐Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Self‐Management Behavior: A Multiphase Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Yang Zhen , Hu Na , Zhang Fengpei , Gao Yu , Zhang Chunqi , Wang Aiping 
Published: April 2024

Background
Optimal self‐management is the key to home‐based cardiac rehabilitation for patients with heart disease. At present, there is a lack of a specific assessment tool to evaluate the home‐based cardiac rehabilitation self‐management behavior in patients with heart disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop the Home‐Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Self‐Management Scale and validate its psychometric properties among patients with coronary heart disease.

Methods and Results
A multiphase cross‐sectional study was conducted that study covered 3 phases: (1) item generation and revision, (2) item evaluation and preliminary exploration, and (3) assessment of the psychometric properties of the scale. A scale with 21 items was developed to measure the home‐based cardiac rehabilitation self‐management behavior. The content validity index of the scale was 0.980. In exploratory factor analysis, the 5‐factor structure supported by eigenvalues and screen plot explained 74.326% of the total variation. In confirmatory factor analysis, all fitting indicators were acceptable, further supporting the construct validity of the scale. The criterion validity of the scale was 0.783. In the reliability analysis, the Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.882, with a dimensionality range of 0.780 to 0.936. The split‐half reliability coefficient and test–retest reliability coefficient were 0.774 and 0.770, respectively.

Conclusions
This study is the first to develop and validate a practical tool. This scale can comprehensively and accurately assess the self‐management behavior of patients with heart disease in a home‐based cardiac rehabilitation environment.
A Fuzzy Gestural AI Approach for Expressive Interactivity in Multitouch Digital Musical Instruments Based on Laban Descriptors
Authors: González-Inostroza Marie , Cádiz Rodrigo F. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
One of the main research areas in the field of musical human–AI interactivity is how to incorporate expressiveness into interactive digital musical instruments (DMIs). In this study we analyzed gestures rooted in expressiveness by using AI techniques that can enhance the mapping stage of multitouch DMIs. This approach not only considers the geometric information of various gestures but also incorporates expressiveness, which is a crucial element of musicality. Our focus is specifically on multitouch DMIs, and we use expressive descriptors and a fuzzy logic model to mathematically analyze performers' finger movements. By incorporating commonly used features from the literature and adapting some of Rudolf Laban's descriptors—originally intended for full-body analysis—to finger-based multitouch systems, we aim to enrich the mapping process. To achieve this, we developed an AI algorithm based on a fuzzy control system that takes these descriptors as inputs and maps them to synthesis variables. This tool empowers DMI designers to define their own mapping rules based on expressive gestural descriptions, using musical metaphors in a simple and intuitive way. Through a user evaluation, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in capturing and representing gestural expressiveness in the case of multitouch DMIs.
Sustainable Connectivity in a Community Repository
Authors: Habermann Ted 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Persistent identifiers for research objects, researchers, organizations, and funders are the key to creating unambiguous and persistent connections across the global research infrastructure (GRI). Many repositories are implementing mechanisms to collect and integrate these identifiers into their submission and record curation processes. This bodes well for a well-connected future, but metadata for existing resources submitted in the past are missing these identifiers, thus missing the connections required for inclusion in the connected infrastructure. Re-curation of these metadata is required to make these connections. This paper introduces the global research infrastructure and demonstrates how repositories, and their user communities, can contribute to and benefit from connections to the global research infrastructure. The Dryad Data Repository has existed since 2008 and has successfully re-curated the repository metadata several times, adding identifiers for research organizations, funders, and researchers. Understanding and quantifying these successes depends on measuring repository and identifier connectivity. Metrics are described and applied to the entire repository here. Identifiers (Digital Object Identifiers, DOIs) for papers connected to datasets in Dryad have long been a critical part of the Dryad metadata creation and curation processes. Since 2019, the portion of datasets with connected papers has decreased from 100% to less than 40%. This decrease has significant ramifications for the re-curation efforts described above as connected papers have been an important source of metadata. In addition, missing connections to papers make understanding and re-using datasets more difficult. Connections between datasets and papers can be difficult to make because of time lags between submission and publication, lack of clear mechanisms for citing datasets and other research objects from papers, changing focus of researchers, and other obstacles. The Dryad community of members, i.e. users, research institutions, publishers, and funders have vested interests in identifying these connections and critical roles in the curation and re-curation efforts. Their engagement will be critical in building on the successes Dryad has already achieved and ensuring sustainable connectivity in the future.
God’s Theatre: Global Conceptions of Space in the Early Modern Mennonite Diaspora, c. 1550–1800
Authors: Hill Kat 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In 1598 the Schottland Bible, a large, printed volume, was produced for the Danzig Mennonites, decorated with maps. Space and landscape were essential to their self-conception. This chapter offers an original way of conceptualizing global Protestant cultures through an examination of the interconnected spaces in early modern Mennonite diasporic communities. This chapter will focus in particular on the way in which Mennonites who migrated from the Netherlands to the Vistula delta in the sixteenth century expressed connected confessional identities through space. Space is essential if scholarship is to construct a narrative of global Protestantisms. Lacking the notion of the universal church which connects global Catholic cultures, scholars of the global in early modern Protestantism face a challenge in the spatial frameworks they might adopt. The chapter will focus on three types of Mennonite space – past, present, and future – as a way of reconceptualizing global Protestantisms.