bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperate woody species across the angiosperm phylogeny acquire tolerance to water deficit stress during the growing season
Authors: Grossman Jake J. , Coe Henry B. , Fey Olivia , Fraser Natalie , Salaam Musa , Semper Chelsea , Williamson Ceci G. 
Published: March 2024

Summary

Understanding the capacity of temperate trees to acclimate to limited soil water has become essential in the face of increasing drought risk due to climate change. We documented seasonal – or phenological – patterns in acclimation to water deficit stress in stems and leaves of tree species spanning the angiosperm phylogeny.

Over 3 yr of field observations carried out in two US arboreta, we measured stem vulnerability to embolism (36 individuals of 7 Species) and turgor loss point (119 individuals of 27 species) over the growing season. We also conducted a growth chamber experiment on 20 individuals of one species to assess the mechanistic relationship between soil water restriction and acclimation.

In three‐quarters of species measured, plants became less vulnerable to embolism and/or loss of turgor over the growing season. We were able to stimulate this acclimatory effect by withholding water in the growth chamber experiment.

Temperate angiosperms are capable of acclimation to soil water deficit stress, showing maximum vulnerability to soil water deficits following budbreak and becoming more resilient to damage over the course of the growing season or in response to simulated drought. The species‐specific tempo and extent of this acclimatory potential constitutes preadaptive climate change resilience.
Editing the nuclear localization signals of E1 and E1Lb enables the production of tropical soybean in temperate growing regions
Authors: Gao Yang , Zhang Yuguo , Ma Chuanyu , Chen Yanhui , Liu Chunxia , Wang Yanli , Wang Songyuan , Chen Xi 
Published: March 2024

SummarySoybean is a typical short‐day crop, and most commercial soybean cultivars are restricted to a relatively narrow range of latitudes due to photoperiod sensitivity. Photoperiod sensitivity hinders the utilization of soybean germplasms across geographical regions. When grown in temperate regions, tropical soybean responds to prolonged day length by increasing the vegetative growth phase and delaying flowering and maturity, which often pushes the harvest window past the first frost date. In this study, we used CRISPR/LbCas12a to edit a North American subtropical soybean cultivar named 06KG218440 that belongs to maturity group 5.5. By designing one gRNA to edit the nuclear localization signal (NLS) regions of both E1 and E1Lb, we created a series of new germplasms with shortened flowering time and time to maturity and determined their favourable latitudinal zone for cultivation. The novel partial function alleles successfully achieve yield and early maturity trade‐offs and exhibit good agronomic traits and high yields in temperate regions. This work offers a straightforward editing strategy to modify subtropical and tropical soybean cultivars for temperate growing regions, a strategy that could be used to enrich genetic diversity in temperate breeding programmes and facilitate the introduction of important crop traits such as disease tolerance or high yield.
The development and challenges of public health nursing education in China from 1912 to 1949: A historical study
Authors: Xu Jianou , Luo Caifeng , Lu Rongzhu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the development and challenges of public health nursing education in China during the period of the Republic of China (1912‐1949).MethodsThis study utilized a historical research design that combined a social framework and a policy framework to explore the early history of public health nursing education in China. Historical data were collected from periodicals, newspapers, archives, books and other sources.ResultsPublic health was integrated into the nursing school curriculum for the first time during the period of the Republic of China, and health facilities and nursing schools conducted early explorations of public health nurse training. However, public health nursing education faced difficulties in terms of the curriculum, personnel training, and the localization of education.ConclusionsThe achievements and difficulties associated with public health nursing education in China during the period of the Republic of China provide a historical reference for the integration of public health into current basic nursing education and the compatibility between the training of public health nurses and practical needs. Comparative studies of early public health nursing education across countries are expected to offer a better understanding of current public health nursing education.
Indentation stress–strain analysis and finite element simulation to determine elastoplastic properties of thin films decreasing the substrate contribution
Authors: Jirón‐Lazos U. , Pérez‐Higareda J. R. , Mazón‐Montijo D. A. , Montiel‐González Z. , Torres‐Torres D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe mechanical performance of protective coatings is crucial in daily industrial environments, with transition metal nitrides being among the most commonly used hard coatings for machining tool protection. However, determining their elastoplastic properties via conventional methods can be challenging due to the thickness‐dependent response of film/substrate systems. In this study, we utilised two sputtering Ti‐Al‐N films as a model hard thin film/soft substrate system to showcase an alternative methodology to the Oliver and Pharr method. This alternative approach involves determining Young's modulus, yield stress and hardness through indentation stress–strain curves obtained from nanoindentation tests, effectively decreasing the substrate's contribution. This decrease was corroborated by finite element simulations conducted on films with thickness below 1.0 μm. The elastoplastic properties determined using our methodology fell within the range reported for typical Ti‐Al‐N films. Furthermore, by applying our methodology, we were able to correlate and discuss the observed differences in mechanical behaviour between the two films based solely on their microstructural, compositional and morphological properties. Thus, we have demonstrated a viable alternative methodology to address substrate contribution challenges in the mechanical characterisation of thin film/substrate systems when employing an indenter with a large radius of curvature (~650 nm). This research holds potential implications for the design of protective submicrometric films with industrial applications.
Evaluating the effects of hypoxic storage on platelet function and health using a novel storage system
Authors: Weaver A. J. , McIntosh C. S. , Kelly S. G. , Barrera G. D. , Lizarraga S. , Hildreth K. E. , Williams C. E. , Grantham L. , Yoshida T. , Omert L. , Bynum J. A. , Meledeo M. A. , Reddoch‐Cardenas K. M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThousands of units of whole blood (WB) and blood components are transfused daily to treat trauma patients. Improved methods for blood storage are critical to support trauma‐related care. The Hemanext ONE® system offers a unique method for hypoxic storage of WB, with successfully demonstrated storage of clinically viable RBCs. This work evaluated the system for the storage of WB, focusing on platelet health and function.Study Design and MethodsWB was collected from healthy donors and processed through the Hemanext ONE® system. Hemoglobin oxygen saturation (HbSO2) levels of WB were depleted to 10%, 20%, or 30% of total HbSO2 and then stored in PVC bags sealed in oxygen‐impermeable bags (except for normoxic control) with samples collected on days 1, 7, and 14 post‐processing. Flow cytometry assessed the activation and apoptosis of platelets. Clot dynamics were assessed based on aggregometry and thromboelastography assays, as well as thrombin generation using a calibrated‐automated thrombogram method.ResultsHypoxic storage conditions were maintained throughout the storage period. Hypoxia triggered increased lactate production, but pH changes were negligible compared to normoxic control. Storage at 10% HbSO2 had a significant impact on platelet function, resulting in increased activation and reduced clot formation and aggregation. These effects were less significant at 20% and 30% HbSO2.DiscussionThis study indicates that platelets are sensitive to hypoxic storage and suffer significant metabolic and functional deterioration when stored at or below 10% HbSO2.
Age and sex differences in microvascular responses during reactive hyperaemia
Authors: Citherlet Tom , Raberin Antoine , Manferdelli Giorgio , Mota Gustavo R. , Millet Grégoire P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMicrovascular impairments are typical of several cardiovascular diseases. Near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with a vascular occlusion test provides non‐invasive insights into microvascular responses by monitoring skeletal muscle oxygenation changes during reactive hyperaemia. Despite increasing interest in the effects of sex and ageing on microvascular responses, evidence remains inconsistent. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of sex and age on microvascular responsiveness. Twenty‐seven participants (seven young men and seven young women; seven older men and six older women; aged 26 ± 1, 26 ± 4, 67 ± 3 and 69 ± 4 years, respectively) completed a vascular occlusion test consisting of 5 min of arterial occlusion followed by 5 min reperfusion. Oxygenation changes in the vastus lateralis were monitored by near‐infrared spectroscopy. The findings revealed that both women (referring to young and older women) and older participants (referring to both men and women) exhibited lower microvascular responsiveness. Notably, both women and older participants demonstrated reduced desaturation (−38% and −59%, respectively) and reperfusion rates (−24% and −40%, respectively) along with a narrower range of tissue oxygenation (−39% and −39%, respectively) and higher minimal tissue oxygenation levels (+34% and +21%, respectively). Women additionally displayed higher values in resting (+12%) and time‐to‐peak (+15%) tissue oxygenation levels. In conclusion, this study confirmed decreased microvascular responses in women and older individuals. These results emphasize the importance of considering sex and age when studying microvascular responses. Further research is needed to uncover the underlying mechanisms and clinical relevance of these findings, enabling the development of tailored strategies for preserving vascular health in diverse populations.
Validation of Dynamic 3D MRI for Urodynamics Assessment Using an Anatomically Realistic In Vitro Model of the Bladder
Authors: Rice James , Bushman Wade , Roldán-Alzate Alejandro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Lowery urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) affect a large majority of the aging population. 3D Dynamic MRI shows promise as a noninvasive diagnostic tool that can assess bladder anatomy and function (urodynamics) while overcoming challenges associated with current urodynamic assessment methods. However, validation of this technique remains an unmet need. In this study, an anatomically realistic, bladder-mimicking in vitro flow model was created and used to systematically benchmark 3D dynamic MRI performance using a highly controllable syringe pump. Time-resolved volumes of the synthetic bladder model were obtained during simulated filling and voiding events and used to calculate volumetric flowrate. During MRI acquisitions, pressure during each event was recorded and used to create PV loops for work assessment. Error between control and MRI-derived volume for voiding and filling events exhibited 3.36% and 4.66% differences, respectively. A slight increase in average error was observed for MRI-derived flowrate when compared to the control flowrate (4.90% and 7.67% for voiding and filling, respectively). Overall, average error in segmented volumes increased with decreasing volume flowrate. Pressure drops were observed during voiding. Pressure increased during filling. Enhanced validation of novel 3D MRI urodynamics is achieved by using high-resolution PIV for visualizing and quantifying velocity inside the bladder model, which is not currently possible with 3D Dynamic MRI.
Instability of Jeffrey Fluid Throughflow in a Porous Layer Induced by Heat Source and Soret Effect
Authors: Sen Raju , Roy Subrata , Narayana P. A. L. , Kairi Rishi Raj 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the instability of thermosolutal convection of Jeffrey fluid in a porous layer with internal heating and the Soret effect. The layer is bounded by two fixed permeable parallel plates which are assumed to be isothermal and isosolutal. An existing initial flow in the vertical direction is passing the layer at a constant speed. The flow fields are adequately presented by PDEs and transformed into dimensionless forms. A small perturbation to the basic flow profiles with linear stability analysis results the problem in an eigenvalue problem. The Runge–Kutta method is used to derive the numerical value of the critical thermal Rayleigh number. The convective instability for asymptotic cases for Le=1 and Pe=0 are also examined as special cases. The analysis reveals that for a nonpositive Soret parameter the flow is stable for all Lewis numbers and independent of the heat source. But in the case of a positive Soret parameter in the absence of a heat source, the fluid flow is stable for Le≥3 while the influence of a heat source destabilizes the flow for Le&gt;2. In high and low shear flows with increasing solutal gradient, the solutal Rayleigh number shows a highly destabilizing nature for all Le. Moreover, smaller relaxation and higher retardation time are the most unstable characteristics of the heat source system. In convective longitudinal rolls, the unicellular streamline patterns tend to become bi-cellular by the influence of positive Soret parameters and energy sources.
Surface Reaction of Electroosmotic Flow-Driven Free Antigens With Immobilized Magnetic-Microbeads-Tagged-Antibodies in Microchannels
Authors: Ajiboye Israel O. , Banerjee Rupak K. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Immunoassays based on reactions between target pathogen (antigen; Ag) and antibody (Ab) are frequently used for Ag detection. An external magnetic field was used to immobilize magnetic microbeads-tagged-antibodies (mMB-Ab) on the surface of a microchannel in the capture zone. The mMB-Ab was subsequently used for Ag detection. The objective of this numerical study, with experimental validation, is to assess the surface reaction between mMB-Ab and Ag in the presence of electro-osmotic flow (EOF). First, immobilization of mMB-Ab complex in the wall of the capture zone was achieved. Subsequently, the Ag was transported by EOF toward the capture zone to bind with the immobilized mMB-Ab. Lastly, mMB-Ab:Ag complex was formed and immobilized in the capture zone. A finite volume solver was used to implement the above steps. The surface reaction between the mMB-Ab and Ag was investigated in the presence of electric fields (E): 150 V/cm–450 V/cm and Ag concentrations: 0.001 M–1000 M. The depletion of mMB-Ab increases with time as the E decreases. Furthermore, as the concentration of Ag decreases, the depletion of mMB-Ab increases with time. These results quantify the detection of Ag using the EOF device; thus, signifying its potential for rapid throughput screening of Ag. This platform technology can lead to the development of portable devices for the detection of target cells, pathogens, and biomolecules for testing water systems, biological fluids, and biochemicals.
Complete genome sequences of
Mycoplasma cynos
and
Mycoplasma felis
isolated from dogs and cats with infectious respiratory disease
Authors: Framst Isaac , Ramesh Priyatharshini , Cai Hugh Y. , Maboni Grazieli 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Mycoplasma cynos
is a primary agent of pneumonia in dogs, and
Mycoplasma felis
is associated with upper respiratory tract disease in cats. We present complete genome sequences of 26 isolates from clinically affected dogs and cats. These genome sequences will facilitate new molecular and epidemiological analyses.
Pseudomonas fuscovaginae
quorum sensing studies: 5% dominates cell-to-cell conversations
Authors: Špacapan Mihael , Myers Michael P. , Braga Luca , Venturi Vittorio 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

A common feature of
N
-acyl-
l
-homoserine lactone (AHL) quorum-sensing (QS) systems is that the AHL signal is autoinducing. Once induced, a cell will further amplify the signal via a positive feedback loop.
Pseudomonas fuscovaginae
UPB0736 has two fully functional AHL QS systems, called PfsI/R and PfvI/R, which are inactive in a standard laboratory setting. In this work, we induce the QS systems with exogenous AHL signals and characterize the AHL signal amplification effect and QS activation dynamics at community and single-cell level. While the cognate signal is in both cases significantly further amplified to physiologically relevant levels, we observe only a limited response in terms of AHL synthase gene promoter activity. Additionally, the PfsI/R QS system exhibits a unique dramatic phenotypic heterogeneity, where only up to 5% of all cells amplify the signal further and are, thus, considered to be QS active.

IMPORTANCE

Bacteria use
N
-acyl-
l
-homoserine lactone (AHL) quorum-sensing (QS) systems for population-wide phenotypic coordination. The QS configuration in
Pseudomonas fuscovaginae
is dramatically different from other model examples of AHL QS signaling and, thus, represents an important exception to the norm, which usually states that QS triggers population-wide phenotypic transitions in relation to cell density. We argue that the differences in QS dynamics of
P. fuscovaginae
highlight its different evolutionary purpose, which is ultimately dictated by the selective pressures of its natural habitat. We hope that this example will further expand our understanding of the complex and yet unknown QS-enabled sociomicrobiology. Furthermore, we argue that exemptions to the QS norm will be found in other plant-pathogenic bacterial strains that grow in similar environments and that molecularly similar QS systems do not necessarily share a similar evolutionary purpose; therefore, generalizations about bacterial cell-to-cell signaling systems function should be avoided.
What impact has the Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health made in the field of gastrointestinal health in Australia and internationally? Study protocol for impact evaluation using the FAIT framework
Authors: Koloski Natasha , Duncanson Kerith , Ramanathan Shanthi Ann , Rao Melanie , Holtmann Gerald , Talley Nicholas J 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionThe need for public research funding to be more accountable and demonstrate impact beyond typical academic outputs is increasing. This is particularly challenging and the science behind this form of research is in its infancy when applied to collaborative research funding such as that provided by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council to the Centre for Research Excellence in Digestive Health (CRE-DH).Methods and analysisIn this paper, we describe the protocol for applying the Framework to Assess the Impact from Translational health research to the CRE-DH. The study design involves a five-stage sequential mixed-method approach. In phase I, we developed an impact programme logic model to map the pathway to impact and establish key domains of benefit such as knowledge advancement, capacity building, clinical implementation, policy and legislation, community and economic impacts. In phase 2, we have identified and selected appropriate, measurable and timely impact indicators for each of these domains and established a data plan to capture the necessary data. Phase 3 will develop a model for cost–consequence analysis and identification of relevant data for microcosting and valuation of consequences. In phase 4, we will determine selected case studies to include in the narrative whereas phase 5 involves collation, data analysis and completion of the reporting of impact.We expect this impact evaluation to comprehensively describe the contribution of the CRE-DH for intentional activity over the CRE-DH lifespan and beyond to improve outcomes for people suffering with chronic and debilitating digestive disorders.Ethics and disseminationThis impact evaluation study has been registered with the Hunter New England Human Research Ethics Committee as project 2024/PID00336 and ethics application 2024/ETH00290. Results of this study will be disseminated via medical conferences, peer-reviewed publications, policy submissions, direct communication with relevant stakeholders, media and social media channels such as X (formely Twitter).
Assessing the accuracy of health facility typology in representing the availability of health services: a case study in Mali
Authors: Petragallo Samuel , Timoner Pablo , Hierink Fleur , Fuhrer Caroline , Toure Ousmane , Iknane Akory , Coulibaly Youssouf , Fall Ibrahima-Soce , Ray Nicolas 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionUsing health facility types as a measure of service availability is a common approach in international standards for health system policy and planning. However, this proxy may not accurately reflect the actual availability of specific health services.ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the reliability of health facility typology as an indicator of specific health service availability and explore whether certain facility types consistently provide particular services.DesignWe analysed a comprehensive dataset containing information from 1725 health facilities in Mali. To uncover and visualise patterns within the dataset, we used two analytical techniques: Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Between-Class Analysis. These analyses allowed us to quantitatively measure the influence of health facility types on the variation in health service provisioning. Additionally, we developed and calculated a Consistency Index, which assesses the consistency of a health facility type in providing specific health services. By examining various health facilities and services, we sought to determine the accuracy of facility types as indicators of service availability.SettingThe study focused on the health system in Mali as a case study.ResultsOur findings indicate that using health facility types as a proxy for service availability in Mali is not an accurate representation. We observed that most of the variation in service provision does not stem from differences between facility types but rather within facility types. This suggests that relying solely on health facility typology may lead to an incomplete understanding of health service availability.ConclusionsThese results have significant implications for health policy and planning. The reliance on health facility types as indicators for health system policy and planning should be reconsidered. A more nuanced and evidence-based understanding of health service availability is crucial for effective health policy and planning, as well as for the assessment and monitoring of health systems.