bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of regular aspirin use on aneurysm recanalization rates after endovascular coiling
Authors: Musmar Basel , Spellicy Samantha E. , Abdelgadir Jihad , Kraljic Stevie , Zomorodi Ali , Hasan David M. 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE
Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) pose a significant health risk, often leading to subarachnoid hemorrhage and severe neurological outcomes. Endovascular coiling has been a principal treatment method, but it comes with the challenge of high recanalization rates. Aspirin has recently emerged as a potential agent to reduce these rates. In this study, the authors aimed to investigate the impact of regular aspirin use on aneurysm recanalization rates following endovascular coiling in a 10-year single-institution study.

METHODS
A retrospective analysis was conducted on a dataset of 2236 aneurysms treated by a single neurosurgeon over a period of 10 years. The primary outcome measure was aneurysm recanalization, defined by a change in the Raymond-Roy Occlusion Classification of at least one grade.

RESULTS
A total of 525 aneurysms were coiled, 109 of which involved patients who reported regular use of aspirin. The recanalization rate was significantly lower in the aspirin group (9.2%) compared with the control group (23.6%) (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.15–0.66; p = 0.001). On analysis of the specific mechanisms of recanalization, aneurysm sac growth was less frequent in the aspirin group (5.5%) compared with the control group (18%) (OR 0.265, 95% CI 0.09–0.63; p = 0.002). Additionally, patients in the control group had a higher retreatment rate (18%) than patients in the aspirin group (5.5%) (OR 0.265, 95% CI 0.09–0.63; p = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONS
Regular use of aspirin appears to be associated with reduced rates of aneurysm recanalization after endovascular coiling. However, caution is advised in interpretation of these results given the retrospective nature of this study. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for the treatment of acute postoperative pain following spine surgery: a scoping review
Authors: Lee John H. , Jones Jaes C. , Lee Daniel S. , Joseph Jacob R. 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE
Given the ubiquity and severity of postoperative pain following spine surgery, developing adequate pain management modalities is critical. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a promising noninvasive modality that is well studied for managing postoperative pain following a variety of surgeries, but data on using TENS for pain management in the acute postoperative period of spine surgery are limited. Therefore, this review aimed to recapitulate the existing evidence for the use of TENS in postoperative pain management for spine surgery and explore the potential of this modality moving forward.

METHODS
A scoping review was conducted according to 2020 PRISMA guidelines. Two independently operating reviewers then conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases to identify studies that reported the use of TENS for the treatment of acute postoperative pain following spine surgery. The following data were abstracted from included studies: study type, sample size, demographics, surgery details, comparison group, assessment parameters, timing of postoperative assessment, TENS technical characteristics, relevant findings, length of hospital stay, complications with TENS, and notable limitations.

RESULTS
Nine hundred thirty-two publications were screened, resulting in 6 studies included in this review, all of which were prospective clinical trials. The publication dates ranged from 1980 to 2011. Spine surgery types varied; the most common was posterior lumbar interbody fusion. No studies evaluated pain control in cervical- or thoracic-only surgeries. All 6 studies evaluated the level of postoperative pain directly. Five of the 6 studies that directly examined postoperative pain reported lower levels of pharmacological analgesia usage in the TENS groups compared with controls, with 4 of these studies reporting this difference as statistically significant. Length of hospital stay was evaluated in 2 studies, both of which reported decreases in mean length of stay, but these differences were not significant. Notably, every study reported distinct TENS administration parameters while also reporting similar results.

CONCLUSIONS
This review concludes that TENS is effective at reducing postoperative pain in spine surgery. Further investigation is needed regarding the optimal settings for TENS administration, as well as efficacy in the thoracic and cervical spine.
Ventricular catheter tissue obstruction and shunt malfunction in 9 hydrocephalus etiologies
Authors: Garcia-Bonilla Maria , Hariharan Prashant , Gluski Jacob , Ruiz-Cardozo Miguel A. , Otun Ayodamola , Morales Diego M. , Marupudi Neena I. , Whitehead William E. , Jea Andrew , Rocque Brandon G. , McAllister James P. , Limbrick David D. , Harris Carolyn A. 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE
Hydrocephalus is a neurological disorder with an incidence of 80–125 per 100,000 births in the United States. The most common treatment, ventricular shunting, has a failure rate of up to 85% within 10 years of placement. The authors aimed to analyze the association between ventricular catheter (VC) tissue obstructions and shunt malfunction for each hydrocephalus etiology.

METHODS
Patient information was collected from 5 hospitals and entered into a REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture) database by hydrocephalus etiology. The hardware samples were fixed, and each VC tip drainage hole was classified by tissue obstruction after macroscopic analysis. Shunt malfunction data, including shunt revision rate, time to failure, and age at surgery, were correlated with the degree of tissue obstruction in VCs for each etiology.

RESULTS
Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus was the most common etiology (48.9% of total cases). Proximal catheter obstruction was the most frequent cause of hardware removal (90.4%). Myelomeningocele (44% ± 29%), other congenital etiologies (48% ± 40%), hydrocephalus with brain tumors (45% ± 35%), and posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (41% ± 35%) showed tissue aggregates in more than 40% of the VC holes. A total of 76.8% of samples removed because of symptoms of obstruction showed cellular or tissue aggregates. No conclusive etiological associations were detected when correlating the percentage of holes with tissue for each VC and age at surgery, shunt revision rates, or time between shunt implantation and removal.

CONCLUSIONS
The proximal VC obstruction was accompanied by tissue aggregates in 76.8% of cases. However, the presence of tissue in the VC did not seem to be associated with hydrocephalus etiology.
Machine learning for enhanced prognostication: predicting 30-day outcomes following posterior fossa decompression surgery for Chiari malformation type I in a pediatric cohort
Authors: El-Hajj Victor Gabriel , Ghaith Abdul Karim , Elmi-Terander Adrian , Ahn Edward S. , Daniels David J. , Bydon Mohamad 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE
Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) is a congenital disorder occurring in 0.1% of the population. In symptomatic cases, surgery with posterior fossa decompression (PFD) is the treatment of choice. Surgery is, however, associated with peri- and postoperative complications that may require readmission or renewed surgical intervention. Given the associated financial costs and the impact on patients’ well-being, there is a need for predictive tools that can assess the likelihood of such adverse events. The aim of this study was therefore to leverage machine learning algorithms to develop a predictive model for 30-day readmissions and reoperations after PFD in pediatric patients with CM-I.

METHODS
This was a retrospective study based on data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program–Pediatric database. Eligible patients were those undergoing PFD (Current Procedural Terminology code 61343) for CM-I between 2012 and 2021. Patients undergoing surgery for tumors or vascular lesions were excluded. Unplanned 30-day readmission and unplanned 30-day reoperation were the main study outcomes. Additional outcome data considered included the length of hospital stay, 30-day complications, discharge disposition, and 30-day mortality. Training and testing samples were randomly generated (80:20) to study the 30-day readmission and reoperation using logistic regression, decision tree, random forest (RF), K-nearest neighbors, and Gaussian naive Bayes algorithms.

RESULTS
A total of 7106 pediatric patients undergoing PFD were included. The median age was 9.2 years (IQR 4.7, 14.2 years). Most of the patients were female (56%). The 30-day readmission and reoperation rates were 7.5% and 3.4%, respectively. Headaches (32%) and wound-related complications (30%) were the most common reasons for 30-day readmission, while wound revisions and evacuation of fluid or blood (62%), followed by CSF diversion-related procedures (28%), were the most common reasons for 30-day reoperation. RF classifiers had the highest predictive accuracy for both 30-day readmissions (area under the curve [AUC] 0.960) and reoperations (AUC 0.990) compared with the other models. On feature importance analysis, sex, developmental delay, ethnicity, respiratory disease, premature birth, hydrocephalus, and congenital/genetic anomaly were some of the variables contributing the most to both RF models.

CONCLUSIONS
Using a large-scale nationwide dataset, machine learning models for the prediction of both 30-day readmissions and reoperations were developed and achieved high accuracy. This highlights the utility of machine learning in risk stratification and surgical decision-making for pediatric CM-I.
Influence of Application of Various Doses of Lime Immeliorant into the Soil on QTL Mapping in Spring Bread Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.)
Authors: Chesnokov Yu. V. , Fesenko М. А. , Ivanov А. I. , Rusakov D. V. , Kocherina N. V. , Lohwasser U. , Börner А. 
Published: April 2024

In this work, quantitative trait loci (QTL) were mapped for the first time in spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) when various doses of a lime ameliorant, raw-milled dolomite, were introduced into the soil in order to reveal and identify genetic determinants that determine the ecological genetic interaction “genotype–environment” in recombinant inbred lines of this crop. As a result of the research, 29 economically valuable traits were evaluated and a total of 150 QTLs were mapped. The significance of the relationship between the identified QTLs and polymorphism for each studied trait was established based on the threshold values of the likelihood ratio of the logarithm of odds (LOD-score). It was found that when half and full doses of the ameliorant were applied to the soil, the QTLs that determine the manifestation of 14 studied traits changed their location on the linkage groups depending on the applied dose of raw ground dolomite, and the QTL of 15 traits remained stable and did not change the localization on the chromosomes established in the experiments. Conducted correlation and one-way analysis of variance made it possible to establish the nature of the conjugation of the relationship between the traits and the dose of the introduced lime ameliorant. When performing mathematical calculations, the maximum likelihood criterion and statistical criteria for assessing the significance of the results were used. The results obtained are of interest for the subsequent study of the ecological and genetic mechanisms of the realization of the studied traits and the control of growth, development and productivity in spring soft wheat, and the establishment of trigger mechanisms for the action of the ameliorant on the physiological state of plants.
Genetic Diversity Research in the Population of the Kyrgyz Mountain Merino Using Microsatellite Loci
Authors: Isakova Zh. T. , Bekturov A. В. , Chortonbaeb T. D. , Kipen V. N. , Mukeeva S. B. , Shergaziev U. A. , Aitbaev K. A. 
Published: April 2024

The aim was to ascertain genetic structure and diversity of Kyrgyz mountainous merino via microsatellite DNA markers. We analyzed DNA samples of 109 Kyrgyz mountaneous merino specimens, bred in three state breeding factories (STB), including “Orgochor” in the Issykul Province, “Katta-Taldyk” in the Osh Province and STB named after Luschikhin in the Talas Province. We identified 126 alleles in 12 microsatellite loci (McM042, INRA006, McM527, ETH152, CSRD247, OarFCB20, INRA172, INRA063, MAF065, MAF214, INRA005, INRA023). There were 6 to 16 alleles in each locus (mean 10.500 ± 0.957 alleles per locus). We identified 67 rare alleles (prevalence less than 5.0%), which made 53.2% of all alleles found. The greatest number of alleles were found in INRA023 (12 alleles), INRA005 (13 alleles), OarFCB20 and INRA063 (14 in each) and CSRD247 (16 alleles) autosomal loci. Based on the mean number per locus (Na = = 10.500 ± 0.957), number of efficient alleles (Ne = 4.556 ± 0.394), the observed (Ho = 0.731 ± 0.023) an expected (He = 0.761 ± 0.021) heterozygosity, we conclude high genetic diversity of the selected sheep sample attributed to Kyrgyz mountainous merino and its significant genetic potential.
The First University School of Russian Genetics
Authors: Inge-Vechtomov S. G. , Golubkova E. V. , Zhouravleva G. A. 
Published: April 2024

Professor Yu.A. Filipchenko founded the first department of genetics (then genetics and experimental zoology) in Russia in 1919. The first department of genetics in Russia made its first steps in the context of world science was facilitatedthrough contacts between leading scientists in genetics, who today are recognized as classics of genetics – T.H. Morgan, Yu.A. Filipchenko, N.I. Vavilov, W. Bateson, G.A. Levitsky, G.D. Karpechenko, F.G. Dobzhansky, H.J. Muller, M.E. Lobashev and others. The modern scientific and educational activities of the department are predetermined by its previous history and the staff of the department continues to develop the traditions of the educational and scientific complex. Teaching work is link inextricably with research work within the framework of a common problem – “Mechanisms of the genetic processes integration”. The formulation of a broad problem makes it possible to resist centrifugal tendencies, the cause of which may be the differentiation of interests and specific tasks of researchers, what, in turn, is fraught with the danger of training narrow specialists. The formularization of some unifying problem is traditional for the department and preserves the basis of mutual understanding between different geneticists, and emphasizes that geneticsis one of the most important general biological disciplines.
Localization of the Source of a Strong Historical Earthquake in Central Tuva Using Folklore-Historical and Paleoseismological Data
Authors: Ovsyuchenko A. N. , Butanayev Y. V. , Koshevoy N. G. 
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of studies of the source of a strong earthquake in Central Tuva. The studies were carried out using both the widespread geological and geomorphological approach of paleo-seismological orientation, and the methods of historical seismology. Primary information about the source and its location was found in folklore sources with a toponymic reference, using which traces of the earthquake were found and mapped on the field. Traces of earthquakes are confirmed by seismic ruptures in the zone of the Ulugkhem active fault and secondary evidences. Preliminary dating of the event is 1715‒1758, magnitude Mw = 6.5‒7.0. The intensity of the earthquake at the epicenter reached VIII–IX (ESI-2007 scale). In the zone of the Ulugkhem active fault, the consequences of the catastrophic explosion of 1950, which led to human casualties and destruction, were mapped. The results of the research make it possible to clearly define the northern boundary of the Kyzyl intermountain basin as a fault with reverse-sinistral kinematics of displacements in the Holocene, and identification of the epicentral zone of a historical earthquake is necessary to assess the seismic hazard of the most densely populated region of Tyva Republic.
Correlación entre los resultados radiográficos y funcionales en pacientes adultos con fractura de radio distal tratadas de manera conservadora
Authors: Soriano Márquez Jorge Luis , Chávez Galván Carlos Rubén , Robles García José Antonio , Mazzini Berra Marco Paolo 
Published: April 2024

Introducción: Las fracturas de radio distal en los pacientes adultos tienen una incidencia de 190-200/100,000 habitantes, éstas representan entre 26-46% de todas las fracturas observadas en un centro de atención primaria. La reducción anatómica de la fractura de radio distal suele presentar mejores resultados funcionales. Objetivo: Determinar la correlación entre los resultados radiográficos y funcionales de pacientes adultos con fractura de radio distal tratados conservadoramente. Material/Métodos: Se hizo revisión retrospectiva de registros de pacientes con fractura de radio distal tratados conservadoramente entre enero de 2015 y septiembre de 2020. Se realizaron mediciones radiográficas al inicio y al final del tratamiento, posteriormente se evaluaron los resultados funcionales con el cuestionario PRWE por vía telefónica, esto debido a la contingencia por la COVID-19. Para los datos generales de los pacientes se aplicaron medidas de tendencia central (media, mediana, moda) y para la comparación de grupos se utilizó la Prueba de chi-cuadrada, el análisis estadístico se realizó con el software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (versión 19.0; SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, EE. UU.). Resultados: Se incluyó en el presente estudio a un total de 31 pacientes. Durante el seguimiento, 16 de ellos presentaron reducción aceptable y 15 reducción inaceptable. Se compararon los resultados de este grupo de pacientes con los resultados del cuestionario PRWE encontrando una correlación no estadísticamente significativa (p=0.765). Conclusión: No se encontró correlación significativa entre la reducción aceptable según los parámetros radiológicos y el resultado funcional en pacientes mayores de 18 años con fractura de radio distal tratados de forma conservadora.

Recepción: 08/09/2022Aprobación: 03/04/2024
Caregiver Mental Health: A Crucial Piece of the Recovery Puzzle
Authors: Karikari Loretta 
Published: April 2024

Caregiver Mental Health: A Crucial Piece of the Recovery Puzzle
The role of a caregiver is multifaceted, encompassing physical, emotional, and sometimes financial responsibilities. Caregivers, whether family members or friends, find themselves navigating various emotions, uncertainties, and responsibilities. The stressors of caregiving and the emotional burden erode their own mental well-being, creating a silent crisis that is left out of the caregiver narrative.
Studies reveal that caregivers grapple with anxiety, depression, and burnout. Poor mental health is well documented in the caregiving literature.
One crucial avenue for support lies in psychoeducational programs tailored to caregivers. These initiatives offer practical tools to manage stress, enhance communication, and manage overall mental health. By equipping caregivers with knowledge, we empower them to navigate the challenges with greater understanding and confidence.
Peer support networks represent another vital facet of caregiver well-being. Establishing communities where caregivers can share experiences, exchange coping strategies, and find solace in shared understanding is paramount. Breaking the isolation barrier can significantly alleviate the emotional burden on caregivers, creating a sense of belonging in a community that comprehends their unique struggles.
Yet, the responsibility does not rest solely on caregivers and their communities. Institutions and policymakers must step forward to enact supportive measures. By addressing systemic barriers, we acknowledge the societal responsibility to nurture the mental health of those who selflessly nurture others.
In nurturing the mental health of caregivers, we fortify the backbone of the recovery process, ensuring a more resilient, compassionate, and sustainable path forward.
NAMI Family-to-Family Program Focuses on Family Caregiver Needs
Authors: Miller Elaine 
Published: April 2024

National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) Family-to-Family Program now being offered at Ontario Shores in virtual format, including how and where it was designed, its duration, the class topics, and how it helps family caregivers. Participant testimonials are shared in the article as well as how to register for the course for those interested in taking it.
Accepting Timor Leste as an ASEAN member: an act of compassion or a geopolitical necessity?
Authors: Azis Aswin Ariyanto , Safira Virda 
Published: April 2024

Timor Leste has been accepted “in principle” as the 11th ASEAN country in 2022, after 11 years of waiting. The 11-year delay is said to be due to skepticism from some Southeast Asian countries, which consider Timor-Leste an “uncertain situation”. Many domestic issues, influenced by the international context, have added to this situation. These include concerns about the consolidation of democratic state institutions in Timor-Leste, as well as the prospects for its short-term economy and internal security. Existing solely on the decline of the Petroleum Fund, which is expected to disappear within a decade, the country risks falling into a budget abyss. As the smallest economy in the entire Southeast Asia region, with the second lowest GDP per capita and high poverty and unemployment rates, Timor Leste has a long way to go to catch up with the remaining members of ASEAN. Despite these economic shortcomings, ASEAN still decided to accept Timor Leste as a new member. This article aims to explain Timor-Leste's credibility in meeting the political, economic and socio-cultural security criteria of the ASEAN pillars. It tries to explain why ASEAN accepted Timor-Leste. Using qualitative methods, the article shows that ASEAN member states have a real incentive to help Timor catch up with other members to avoid its economic collapse. However, the growing geopolitical rivalry between China and the US in the region is perhaps the best explanation for ASEAN's eventual desire to accept Timor Leste's membership application.