bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN DISCOVERY LEARNING
Authors: Simanungkalit Erwin Susanto , Sari Lia Purnama 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

This study aims to know whether there is a significant improvement of using discovery learning on students’ science process skill on the topic momentum and impulse at the tenth grade students of IPA major of SMA Negeri 1 Kolang. The research was conducted by using descriptive quantitative method with 48 students as the sample and they were taken by using random sampling technique from 74 students. Test and observation were used in collecting the data. Based on descriptive analysis, it could be found (a) the percentage of using discovery learning was 83.6% (good category) and (b) the average of students’ science process skill on the topic momentum and impulse before using discovery learning was 74.6 (good category) and after using discovery learning was 88.19 (very good category). Furthermore, based on inferential statistic, it could be found ttable was less than tcalculated (1.71<16.22). It means, there is a significant improvement of using discovery learning on students’ science process skill on the topic momentum and impulse at the tenth grade students of IPA major of SMA Negeri 1 Kolang.

Keywords: discovery learning, science process skill, and momentum and impulse
Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Materi Keseimbangan dan Dinamika Rotasi
Authors: Pulungan Arifah , Nasution Febriani Hastini , Nasution Nurhidayah Fithriyah 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) terhadap hasil belajar siswa materi keseimbangan dan dinamika rotasi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah pre-eksperimental design (nondesign) dengan disain penelitian one group pre-test post-test design. Adapun populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh kelas XI IPA yang berjumlah 25 siswa. Adapun teknik pengambilan sampel adalah teknik sampel total. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan tes, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan uji-t. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan diperoleh bahwa nilai persentase rata-rata hasil observasi adalah berada pada kategori “Baik Sekali”. Adapun nilai rata-rata hasil belajar materi keseimbangan dan dinamika rotasi sebelum menggunakan Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) adalah 61,2 berada pada kategori “Gagal” sedangkan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar materi keseimbangan dan dinamika sesudah menggunakan Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) adalah 81,6 berada pada kategori “Baik”. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh bahwa thitung lebih besar dari ttabel (13,62>1,71), sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa “Ada Pengaruh Signifikan pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) terhadap hasil belajar siswa materi keseimbangan dan dinamika rotasi Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018.”
Kata kunci: Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL), Hasil Belajar, Keseimbangan dan
Dinamika Rotasi
HUBUNGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SCRAMBLE TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MATERI BESARAN DAN SATUAN
Authors: Siregar Seftri Malazahlin , Asmaidah Seri , Siregar Dwi Aninditya 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan penggunaan model scramble terhadap Hasil belajar siswa materi besaran dan satuan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen dengan desain two group pretest-posttest. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X yang terdiri dari 7 kelas dengan jumlah 207 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik simple random sampling, sehingga sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas X MIA2 sebagai kelas kontrol yang berjumlah 29 siswa dan kelas X MIA6 sebagai kelas eksperimen yang berjumlah 28 siswa. Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh: (1) Hasil belajar siswa materi besaran dan satuan kelas X sebelum penggunaan Model Scramble diperoleh nilai rata-rata 65,9 yang berada pada kategori “Cukup”;(2) Hasil belajar siswa materi besaran dan satuan kelas X sesudah penggunaan Model Scramble diperoleh nilai rata-rata 85 yang berada pada kategori “Baik”. Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh bahwa thitung lebih besar dari ttabel (5,44 > 1,7). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa “Terdapat hubungan antara model Scramble terhadap hasil belajar fisika siswa pada materi besaran dan satuan di kelas X tahun ajaran 2018/2019.

kata kunci: model Scramble,Besaran dan Satuan, Hasil Belajar Fisika.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN METODE DEMONSTRASI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA SISWA MATERI POKOK USAHA DAN ENERGI KELAS VIII SMPN NEGERI 1 SIPIROK
Authors: Siregar Dwi Aninditya 
Published: March 2024

The aim of this research was to know whether there is significant influence of using demonstration method on students’ achievement in work and energy subject at the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Sipirok. The population of this research was all the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Sipirok which include 7 classes. They were 225 students. Sample was teken by using cluster random sampling technique. So the total sample 40 students. The research used demonstration method. In collecting the data, the writer used test and questionnaire. The data was analyzed two ways. They were descriptive analysis and inferential statistic. The mean of using demonstration method in work and energy was 2.86. It was categorized “good”. The meanof students’ achievement in work and energy was 76.47, it is categorized “good”. Based on inferential statistic analisys, tcount is 4.,89 while ttable = 2.05, on 5% degree of freedom, df = N-nr = 40-2 = 38. It can be seen that tcount is greater than ttable (4.89> 2.05). the hypothesis is accepted. In another words, there is a significant influence between using demonstration method on students’ achievement in work and energy of the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Sipirok.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (CTL) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA PADA MATERI POKOK KALOR SISWA KELAS X SMA NEGERI
Authors: Siagian Mutiara 
Published: March 2024

The aim of this research was to know wheater there was a significant influence of using Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model on students’ achievement in heat subject at the tenth grade students of SMA Negeri . The approach of this research was experimental method. Population of this reseacrh was all the tenth grade students of SMA Negeri which include 128 students or 3 classes. The sampling technique was random technique sampling, so the sample was 42 students. In collecting the data, the writer used test and questionnaire. The data was analyzed two ways. They are descriptive analysis and inferential statistics. Based on the descriptive analysis, the average of using CTL model in heat was 2.88, it was categorized “good”. Students’ achievement in heat subject before using CTL model had score 65.6, it was categorized “enough”. Students’ achievement in heat subject after using CTL model had score 72,2 it was categorized “good”. Based on statistics inferential statistic, it could be gotten that tcount=7.45 significant error level 5%, significant confidence level 95%, df = N – 2 = 42-2 = 40, it could be found that ttable= 1.68. It could be seen that tcount was graeter ttable (7.45 >1.68). It means, the alternative hypothesis was accepted. In the other words, there was a significant influence of using CTL model on students’ achievement in heat subject at the tenth grade students of SMA Negeri.
Stability of Solutions to a Caginalp Phase-Field Type Equations
Authors: Ipopa Mohamed Ali , Doumbé Bangola Brice Landry , Andami Ovono Armel 
Published: March 2024

This paper is concerned with the study of the asymptotic behavior of a generalization of the Caginalp phase-field model subject to homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions and regular potentials involving two temperatures. This work follows on from a paper in which the well-posedness of the problem, the dissipativity of the system, and the existence of global and exponential attractors were demonstrated. In addition, a study on the semi-infinite cylinder was also carried out. Indeed, if it is true that the existence of a global attractor makes it possible to predict the asymptotic behavior of solutions on a bounded domain, it does not say that these solutions converge. After having shown the existence of the global attractor, it is therefore important to look at the convergence of the solutions over time. There are several methods for determining the asymptotic behavior of the solutions of a differential system. We can mention the one that consists of transforming the given differential equations into integral equations and then applying the classical Picard successive approximation procedure to them. This work is devoted to the study of the convergence of solutions to steady states, adapting a well-known result concerning Lojasiewicz-Simon’s inequality.
Differential diagnosis of Crohn’s disease and intestinal tuberculosis based on ATR-FTIR spectroscopy combined with machine learning
Authors: Li Yuan-Peng , Lu Tian-Yu , Huang Fu-Rong , Zhang Wei-Min , Chen Zhen-Qiang , Guang Pei-Wen , Deng Liang-Yu , Yang Xin-Hao 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Crohn’s disease (CD) is often misdiagnosed as intestinal tuberculosis (ITB). However, the treatment and prognosis of these two diseases are dramatically different. Therefore, it is important to develop a method to identify CD and ITB with high accuracy, specificity, and speed.
AIM
To develop a method to identify CD and ITB with high accuracy, specificity, and speed.
METHODS
A total of 72 paraffin wax-embedded tissue sections were pathologically and clinically diagnosed as CD or ITB. Paraffin wax-embedded tissue sections were attached to a metal coating and measured using attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared spectroscopy at mid-infrared wavelengths combined with XGBoost for differential diagnosis.
RESULTS
The results showed that the paraffin wax-embedded specimens of CD and ITB were significantly different in their spectral signals at 1074 cm-1 and 1234 cm-1 bands, and the differential diagnosis model based on spectral characteristics combined with machine learning showed accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of 91.84%, 92.59%, and 90.90%, respectively, for the differential diagnosis of CD and ITB.
CONCLUSION
Information on the mid-infrared region can reveal the different histological components of CD and ITB at the molecular level, and spectral analysis combined with machine learning to establish a diagnostic model is expected to become a new method for the differential diagnosis of CD and ITB.
Establishment and validation of an adherence prediction system for lifestyle interventions in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Zeng Ming-Hui , Shi Qi-Yu , Xu Liang , Mi Yu-Qiang 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide, affecting about 1/4th of the global population and causing a huge global economic burden. To date, no drugs have been approved for the treatment of NAFLD, making the correction of unhealthy lifestyles the principle method of treatment. Identifying patients with poor adherence to lifestyle correction and attempting to improve their adherence are therefore very important.
AIM
To develop and validate a scale that can rapidly assess the adherence of patients with NAFLD to lifestyle interventions.
METHODS
The Exercise and Diet Adherence Scale (EDAS) was designed based on compilation using the Delphi method, and its reliability was subsequently evaluated. Demographic and laboratory indicators were measured, and patients completed the EDAS questionnaire at baseline and after 6 months. The efficacy of the EDAS was evaluated in the initial cohort. Subsequently, the efficacy of the EDAS was internally verified in a validation cohort.
RESULTS
The EDAS consisted of 33 items in six dimensions, with a total of 165 points. Total EDAS score correlated significantly with daily number of exercise and daily reduction in calorie intake (P < 0.05 each), but not with overall weight loss. A total score of 116 was excellent in predicting adherence to daily reduction in calorie intake (> 500 kacl/d), (sensitivity/specificity was 100.0%/75.8%), while patients score below 97 could nearly rule out the possibility of daily exercise (sensitivity/specificity was 89.5%/44.4%). Total EDAS scores ≥ 116, 97-115, and < 97 points were indicative of good, average, and poor adherence, respectively, to diet and exercise recommendations.
CONCLUSION
The EDAS can reliably assess the adherence of patients with NAFLD to lifestyle interventions and have clinical application in this population.
Exploring the multiverse of analysis options for the alcohol Stroop
Authors: Jones Andrew , Petrovskaya Elena , Stafford Tom 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe alcohol Stroop is a widely used task in addiction science to measure the theoretical concept of attentional bias (a selective attention to alcohol-related cues in the environment), which is thought to be associated with clinical outcomes (craving and consumption). However, recent research suggests findings from this task can be equivocal. This may be because the task has many different potential analysis pipelines, which increase researcher degrees of freedom when analysing data and reporting results. These analysis pipelines largely come from how outlying reaction times on the task are identified and handled (e.g. individual reaction times > 3 standard deviations from the mean are removed from the distribution; removal of all participant data if > 25% errors are made). We used specification curve analysis across two alcohol Stroop datasets using alcohol-related stimuli (one published and one novel) to examine the robustness of the alcohol Stroop effect to different analytical decisions. We used a prior review of this research area to identify 27 unique analysis pipelines. Across both data sets, the pattern of results was similar. The alcohol Stroop effect was present and largely robust to different analysis pipelines. Increased variability in the Stroop effect was observed when implementing outlier cut-offs for individual reaction times, rather than the removal of participants. Stricter outlier thresholds tended to reduce the size of the Stroop interference effect. These specification curve analyses are the first to examine the robustness of the alcohol Stroop to different analysis strategies, and we encourage researchers to adopt such analytical methods to increase confidence in their inferences across cognitive and addiction science.
DNA Profiling, Bioinformatics and Databases in Forensics: Human Identification Purposes
Authors: Meilana Andi Nur Sakina Tri , Auerkari Elza Ibrahim 
Published: March 2024

Individual identification is an essential element in establishing truth the forensic investigation process, be it in criminal, medico-legal, or mass disasters case. When ante-mortem data are not available, the only thing that can be used is identification trough DNA. Alec Jeffrey, a geneticist (1984), found that certain regions of DNA contain repetitive sequences and the number of repetitions in individuals differs from one another. This identification method known as DNA profiling. DNA profiling is described as an important and significant discovery in forensics and has been considered as the standard in modern human identification. Until now, the recommended DNA profiling method must be based on the PCR to analyze degraded DNA and short-sized DNA (Short Tandem Repeats) through PCR amplification. In profiling, the result DNA amplification are analyzed through genetic markers (DNA Markers) and then matched into the database or compared with the collected reference samples. In the human genome, the genetic markers most frequently used in forensics are autosomal STR, Y-STR, mtDNA, X-STR, SNPs, and Amelogenin. Accomplishment of proving the suitability of DNA profiles, an application of bioinformatics in forensics is carried out. Bioinformatics is a combination of molecular biology and computer informatics that aims to manage and analyze data and store biological (genetic) information. DNA database is an application of bioinformatics in the form of special software which has become an important tool for biologists and forensics. This genetic database will predict the similarities between one DNA profile and another.
The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Post-Operative Corneal Decompensation after Cataract Extract among Patients in Khartoum Eye Hospital - Sudan June 2021 - January 2022
Authors: Mohammed Hamid Elsunni Rami , Elyas Nabila 
Published: March 2024

	Background:
Corneal decompensation is a medical condition characterized by opacity of the cornea. This condition arises as a result of mechanical injury caused by inadvertent contact of intraocular instruments with the cornea during surgery. Cataract extraction involves a surgical procedure to remove a clouded lens from the eye that has developed over, which can impede vision in the affected eye.

	Objectives:
To determine the prevalence and risk factors of post-operative corneal decompensation after cataract extraction according to the type of surgical procedure

	Methodology:
This is a Descriptive, retrospective, Cross sectional, hospital-based study, was conducted in Khartoum eye hospital, from June 2021 to January 2022. Patients who underwent cataract extraction between June 2021 - January 2022 Patients who were diagnosed with corneal decompensation were included. Data collection was conducted from medical record by using data sheet. The data will be analyzed via SPSS program (Statistical Package for The Social Sciences) and Microsoft Excel program. using chi square, t-test and correlation then be presented in the form of tables, bar charts and pie charts.

	Results:
About patient’s gender, males were 53(48.2%), females were 57(51.8%), patients from 70 – 79 years were 42(38.2%), 60 – 69 years were 33(30%), 50 – 59 years were 20(18.2%), and 40 – 49 years were 15(13.6%). About Diagnosed with symptoms of corneal Decompensation, yes 17(15.5%), No 93(84.5%), ; Extracapsular surgery was done in 55(50%) of patients, Phaco was done in 35(31.8%) of patients, and small incision cataract surgery was done in 20(18.2%) of patients, Glaucoma 7(15.5%) was the most common other contributing factors in followed by Trauma 4(36.4) and previous steroid use was 1(25%) respectively, About experience any intra-operative complications, no 108(98.2%) patients, yes 2(1.8%) patients.

	Conclusion:
Most of patients were females, between 70-79 years old, Extracapsular surgery was the most occuring type of surgery. Extracapsular surgery had the largest percentage of corneal decompensation. There was a notable correlation (significant association) that was observed between between gender, age and corneal decompensation.

	Recommendations:
Further research involving a larger sample size is necessary to validate the results of this study, Education programs should be developed to raise the awareness of patients.
OGLE-2014-BLG-0221Lb: A Jupiter Mass Ratio Companion Orbiting Either a Late-type Star or a Stellar Remnant
Authors: Kirikawa Rintaro , Sumi Takahiro , Bennett David P. , Suzuki Daisuke , Koshimoto Naoki , Miyazaki Shota , Bond Ian A. , Udalski Andrzej , Rattenbury Nicholas J. ,   Leading Authors, Abe Fumio , Barry Richard , Bhattacharya Aparna , Fujii Hirosane , Fukui Akihiko , Hamada Ryusei , Hirao Yuki , Ishitani Silva Stela , Itow Yoshitaka , Matsubara Yutaka , Muraki Yasushi , Olmschenk Greg , Ranc Clément , Satoh Yuki K. , Tomoyoshi Mio , Tristram Paul . J. , Vandorou Aikaterini , Yama Hibiki , Yamashita Kansuke ,   MOA COLLABORATION, Mróz Przemek , Poleski Radosław , Skowron Jan , Szymański Michał K. , Soszyński Igor , Pietrukowicz Paweł , Kozłowski Szymon , Ulaczyk Krzysztof , Mróz Mateusz J. ,   OGLE COLLABORATION
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We present the analysis of the microlensing event OGLE-2014-BLG-0221, a planetary candidate event discovered in 2014. The photometric light curve is best described by a binary-lens single-source model. Our light-curve modeling finds two degenerate models, with event timescales of t
E ∼ 70 days and ∼110 days. These timescales are relatively long, indicating that the discovered system would possess a substantial mass. The two models are similar in their planetary parameters with a Jupiter mass ratio of q ∼ 10−3 and a separation of s ∼ 1.1. Bayesian inference is used to estimate the physical parameters of the lens, revealing that the shorter timescale model predicts 65% and 25% probabilities of a late-type star and white dwarf host, respectively, while the longer timescale model favors a black hole host with a probability ranging from 60% to 95%, under the assumption that stars and stellar remnants have equal probabilities of hosting companions with planetary mass ratios. If the lens is a remnant, this would be the second planet found by microlensing around a stellar remnant. The current separation between the source and lens stars is 41–139 mas depending on the models. This indicates the event is now ready for high-angular-resolution follow-up observations to rule out either of the models. If precise astrometric measurements are conducted in multiple bands, the centroid shift due to the color difference between the source and lens would be detected in the luminous lens scenario.
An Extremely Young Protostellar Core, MMS 1/OMC-3: Episodic Mass Ejection History Traced by the Micro SiO Jet
Authors: Takahashi Satoko , Machida Masahiro N. , Omura Mitsuki , Johnstone Doug , Saigo Kazuya , Harada Naoto , Tomisaka Kohji , Ho Paul T. P. , Zapata Luis A. , Mairs Steve , Herczeg Gregory J. , Taniguchi Kotomi , Liu Yuhua , Sato Asako 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We present ∼0.″2 (∼80 au) resolution observations of the CO(2–1) and SiO(5–4) lines made with the Atacama large millimeter/submillimeter array toward an extremely young intermediate-mass protostellar source (t
dyn < 1000 yr), MMS 1 located in the Orion Molecular Cloud-3 region. We have successfully imaged a very compact CO molecular outflow associated with MMS 1, having deprojected lobe sizes of ∼1800 au (redshifted lobe) and ∼2800 au (blueshifted lobe). We have also detected an extremely compact (≲1000 au) and collimated SiO protostellar jet within the CO outflow. The maximum deprojected jet speed is measured to be as high as 93 km s−1. The SiO jet wiggles and displays a chain of knots. Our detection of the molecular outflow and jet is the first direct evidence that MMS 1 already hosts a protostar. The position–velocity diagram obtained from the SiO emission shows two distinct structures: (i) bow shocks associated with the tips of the outflow, and (ii) a collimated jet, showing the jet velocities linearly increasing with the distance from the driving source. Comparisons between the observations and numerical simulations quantitatively share similarities such as multiple-mass ejection events within the jet and Hubble-like flow associated with each mass ejection event. Finally, while there is a weak flux decline seen in the 850 μm light curve obtained with the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope/SCUBA 2 toward MMS 1, no dramatic flux change events are detected. This suggests that there has not been a clear burst event within the last 8 yr.
« Qu’ils souffrent plus jamais, les charognes ! »
Authors: Basson Jean-Charles 
Published: March 2024

La publication récente de deux « inédits » de Céline permet de soutenir que le goût de la médecine lui vint selon le précipité suivant provoqué par sa participation à la Grande Guerre et à ses suites : rompre avec ses dispositions premières ; se gaver des humeurs des corps suppliciés, à commencer par le sien ; se voir inculquer la médecine sur le tas, au sens premier du terme.