bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smartphone-assisted Colorimetric Detection of Hg (II) in an Organized Medium Applying Polyethylene Glycol Monododecyl Ether Stabilized
Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Khan Sarzamin , Rehman Sabeela , Khan Nazish Huma , Khan Waseeq , Ali Jawad , Toloza Carlos A. T. , - Tahir , Alzahrani Eman , . Zaibi 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Mercury (Hg) is a highly neurotoxic pollutant present in different environmental
matrices. Herein, a simple and sensitive assay is proposed for Hg detection in environmental
water samples employing polyethylene glycol monododecyl ether (PGME) stabilized silver nanoparticles
(PGME-AgNPs).

Methods:
The prepared PGME-AgNPs were characterized by absorption, scanning electron microscopy
(SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Zeta potential
measurements. The addition of Hg(II) to an aqueous matrix changed the color of the sensor, following
a decrease in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band intensity.

Results:
The detected response was proportional to Hg (II) concentrations and the analytical response
comprised a change in absorbance versus concentrations from 4.0 to 24 × 10-8 mol L-1 (0.8 –
4.8 μg L-1) and the limit of detection (LOD) was 4.0 nmol L-1 (0.08 μg L-1). Additionally, the sensor
was integrated with the RGB color values of a smartphone, enabling its use as a portable sensor
for rapid Hg(II) at a concentration level ranging from 6.0 to 24 × 10-8 mol L-1 (1.2 - 4.8 μg L-1).
Spectrophotometric and RGB color value-based approaches were applied for the quantification of
Hg(II) in real water samples with satisfactory recoveries ranging from 98.5 to 105%.

Conclusion:
The proposed colorimetric method with a smart assisted approach was proven a very
simple, and quick method, demonstrating practical applicability for on-site Hg screening of aqueous
matrices.
A Multifunctional Cyclodextrin-based Metal-organic Material for the Visual and Selective Detection of Ag+ and Adsorption of Congo Red
Authors: Liu Lingruo , Liu Shangying , Han Dandan , Meng Qingguo , Niu Can , Wang Zhiqiang , Xin Xuelian 
Published: February 2025

Background:
The cyclodextrin-based metal-organic complex (CD-MONT-2) exhibits
Pb (II)-rings-based luminescence and water-stable properties. In this paper, it was successfully
utilized as a multifunctional material, applied as a fluorescent probe for Ag+ and an adsorbent for
Congo red.

Methods:
X-ray powder diffraction analysis (PXRD), fluorescence analysis (FL), UV-Vis
spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier infrared spectrum (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
(XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and SEM X-ray energy dispersive spectrum (SEMEDS)
were employed to study and prove the mechanism Ag2O-involved.

Results:
The fluorescence intensity clearly decreases as Ag+ solution (1 mM in H2O) is added continuously.
At a dose of 1.67 mM, the maximum fluorescence "turn-off" condition is reached, and at
432 nm, the fluorescence quenching percentage is almost 65%. The adsorption capacity of
CD-MONT-2 for Congo Red is 22.95 mg/g, with a removal rate of 71.98%. Methyl orange follows with
an adsorption capacity of 7.46 mg/g and a removal rate of 22.83%. The adsorption ability of rhodamine B
by CD-MONT-2 is poor, the adsorption amount is 6.76 mg/g, and the removal rate is 19.75%.

Conclusion:
The multifunctional CD-MONT-2 is utilized as an Ag+ probe through fluorescence
quenching and naked-eye detection with good sensitivity and selectivity. The max fluorescence
quenching percentage is 65% with the Ag+ concentration of 1.67 mM, and the LOD is calculated to
be 0.3856 mM. As an adsorbent, we found that the Congo red (anionic dyes) could be efficiently
adsorbed. The adsorption performance may come from the mutual attraction of positive and
negative charges, and the interaction between CD-MONT-2-OH and Congo red-NH2. The kinetic
results indicate that the adsorption process of CD-MONT-2 on CR is more in line with the pseudo second-
order kinetic fitting model and is influenced by chemical reactions.
Biosynthesized Nanoparticles as Potential Drug Candidates for the Treatment of Cystic Echinococcosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hataminejad Maryam , Nayeri Tooran , Ahmadi Somayyeh , Anvari Davood , Azizi Hakim , Gholami Shirzad , Esboei Bahman Rahimi 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
Echinococcus granulosus is the etiological agent of cystic echinococcosis
(CE), a tropical disease that is widely distributed yet often overlooked. As a major zoonotic
parasitic disease, it impacts both humans and animals. Given the lack of a viable vaccine,
therapy remains the sole preventive option for CE. This systematic review aims to consolidate
existing research on biosynthesized nanoparticles as potential drugs for treating hydatid cyst
protoscoleces in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo.

Methods:
This study was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive global
search was performed without date restrictions up to October 15th, 2024, using Google Scholar
and six English-language databases, EMBASE, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and
Web of Science, to gather all relevant articles. The keywords used in the search were "protoscolicidal",
"scolicidal", "protoscolex", "scolex", "nanoparticle", "nanomedicine", "nanomaterial",
"green synthesis", "biosynthesis", "hydatid cyst", "cystic echinococcosis", and "Echinococcus
granulosus".

Results:
Out of the 2185 studies considered, this systematic review included twenty. Of these,
thirteen (65%) were conducted in vitro, three (15%) were in vitro/ex vivo, two (10%) were in
vivo, one (5%) was in vitro/ex vivo/in vivo, and one (5%) was in vitro/in vivo. The results indicated
that metal nanoparticles, including silver, gold, zinc, copper, and selenium (n = 13, 65%),
were the most commonly used biosynthesized nanoparticles in the study. Metal oxide nanoparticles,
such as zinc oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide, and silver-zinc oxide, were the next most
frequent (n = 6, 30%). Lastly, a single study (n = 1, 5%) utilized polymeric nanoparticles, specifically
chitosan-based ones.

Conclusion:
This systematic review highlights the promising potential of biosynthesized nanoparticles
as protoscolicidal agents against E. granulosus. The analysis of 20 studies revealed a
predominant focus on metal nanoparticles, particularly silver, gold, zinc, copper, and selenium,
which exhibited notable efficacy across in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo settings. The findings emphasize
the necessity of exploring diverse nanoparticle types, such as metal oxides and polymeric
nanoparticles, to enhance treatment strategies for this neglected zoonotic disease.
Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems: Integrating Modern Technology for Enhanced Therapeutics
Authors: Kathuria Tanvi , Saharan Renu , Dhankhar Sanchit , Mahajan Shushank , Beniwal Suresh Kumar , Chauhan Samrat , Dahiya Preeti , Verma Inderjeet , Yasmin Sabina 
Published: February 2025

Background:
In recent years, transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) have gained
popularity as a non-invasive, patient-friendly medication delivery method.

Objective:
This review article examines the latest transdermal medication delivery developments
and breakthroughs. The review begins with a brief summary of transdermal medication administration,
stressing the skin's barrier role and drug permeation methods. Novel materials and
methods improve drug solubility, stability, and skin permeability in formulation technologies.

Methods:
A literature review of the most recent innovations in TDDS, such as nano-based delivery
systems, microneedles, and smart patches, was conducted. Major challenges of drug solubility, stability,
and skin permeability were carefully discussed, along with the transdermal patch designs of
new therapeutic applications in pain management, cardiovascular diseases, and hormone therapy.

Results:
Transdermal medication delivery difficulties may be overcome via nano-based drug delivery
systems, microneedle arrays, and smart patches. Furthermore, the paper discusses current
advances in transdermal patch design for therapeutic applications, highlighting effective instances
in pain management, cardiovascular illness, and hormone therapy.

Conclusion:
The article examines transdermal medication delivery regulations, safety, and patient
compliance in addition to technological advances. The complete study in this review seeks
to help academics, doctors, and pharmaceutical professionals understand transdermal drug delivery
and its future. Understanding recent advances in this field can help stakeholders design more
effective and patient-friendly transdermal drug delivery systems, enhancing treatment outcomes
and patient well-being.
Integrative Analysis of Single Cell and Bulk RNA Sequencing Data Reveals T-Cell Specific Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Assessment of Celiac Disease: A Comprehensive Bioinformatics Approach
Authors: Khan Mahfuj , Hossain Md. Arju , Islam Kh Mujahidul , Rahman Md. Mizanur , Apu Prosenjit Saha , Ansari Irfan Aamer , Ansari Siddique Akber , Rahman Md Habibur 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Celiac Disease (CD) is a common autoimmune disorder caused by the activation
of CD4+ T cells that specifically target gluten and CD8+ T cells, further causing cell death
inside the epithelial layer despite no available established biomarkers of CD diagnosis.

Objective:
This work aimed to compare scRNA-seq and transcriptome data to find novel gene biomarkers
linked to T cells that might potentially be utilized for the diagnosis and assessment of CD.

Methods:
Collecting the scRNA and RNAseq datasets from the NCBI database, the Seurat package
of R studio, and the statistical analysis tool GREIN server were employed to identify Differentially
Expressed Genes (DEGs). Then, DAVID, FunRich, STRING, and NetworkAnalyst tools were utilized
to explore significant pathways, key hub proteins, and gene regulators.

Results:
After integrating genes and conducting a comparative analysis, a total of 115 genes were
identified as DEGs. Exosomes, MHC class II receptor activity, immune response, interferon gamma
signaling, and bystander B cell activation within the immune system pathways were the significant
Gene Ontology (GO) and metabolic pathways identified. Besides, eleven topological algorithms discovered
two hub proteins, namely HLA-DRA and HLA-DRB1, from the PPI network. Through the
analysis of the regulatory network, we have identified four crucial Transcription Factors (TFs), including
YY1, FOXC1, GATA2, and USF2, and seven significant miRNAs (hsa-mir-129-2-3p, and
hsa-mir-155-5p, etc.) in transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally regulated. Validation of hub proteins
and transcription factors using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis indicates the
acceptable value of the Area Under the Curve (AUC).

Conclusion:
This study utilized single-cell RNA sequencing and transcriptomics data analysis to define
unique protein biomarkers associated with T cells throughout the progression of CD. Furthermore,
wet lab studies will be needed to validate the potential hub proteins, TFs, and miRNAs as
clinical biomarkers.

conclusion:
This study utilized single cell RNA sequencing and transcriptomics data analysis to define unique protein biomarkers associated with T cells throughout the progression of CD.
Strategies for Coping with Burnout among Palestinian Mental Health Practitioners throughout Wartimes: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ahmead Muna , Daqqa Ahmad. A. , Abu Lail Samah , Hadeed Raba , Ghafari Ikhlass 
Published: February 2025

Background
During wartime, mental health professionals are more prone to mental health problems, such as burnout. Currently, there is less knowledge of the coping strategies employed by Palestinian mental health professionals to manage the consequences of wars and conflicts. In light of the ongoing political violence in Palestine, this study sought to investigate the prevalence of burnout and coping methods among mental health professionals.

Methods
The research design was cross-sectional. We used self-reported questionnaires to gather data, including the abbreviated Maslach Burnout Questionnaire and Brief COPE Scale. Multiple regression, Pearson correlation, and a Chi-square test were used to examine the association between the study variables and burn symptoms.

Results
Out of 514 participants, who were surveyed, there was a prevalence of high burnout (75.4%), emotional exhaustion (24.7%), depersonalization (11.9%), and inadequate personal accomplishment (19.6%). Professionals who reported struggling or being unable to interact with their clients during the political violence and those whose psychological state was negatively impacted by it were more likely to feel emotional exhaustion. Also, self-blame was found to raise the chance of emotional exhaustion, whereas planning decreased it. Depersonalization was more common in 31-40-year-olds. Humor and behavioral disengagement increased depersonalization, but religious coping lowered it. Furthermore, treating patients affected by political conflict, being male, not being single, and using substances decreased personal accomplishment, whereas venting increased it.

Conclusion
The results showed an elevated prevalence of burnout among mental health personnel during conflict and political violence. Therefore, it is critical to immediately provide mental health workers with stress management training and psychological support to enhance their psychological well-being. Additionally, they need help in learning how to effectively organize their time, manage activities, and distribute duties during political conflict.
Key Patent Technology of Litchi Intelligent Sorting System Based on Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Zhou Han , Chen Danping , Zhao Feng , Lin Xiaoli 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Litchi is a famous fruit with a large planting area and high output, which
has become a pillar industry in many regions. Due to many uncontrollable factors in the production
process, such as picking time, fruit size, weather conditions, etc., there are large differences in
the quality of litchi, which directly affect the sales price.

Methods:
This paper selected the intelligent sorting system based on image recognition technology
by investigating different types of intelligent sorting systems in the market. The sorting system
could identify litchi with small, fragile, and irregular shapes. By applying image recognition technology
to the field of litchi logistics, the problem of information asymmetry between fruit farmers
and logistics enterprises could be effectively solved. This paper designed an intelligent sorting system
based on a convolutional neural network (CNN), which used image recognition and classification
technology to recognize litchi. By comparing the processing effects of different algorithms,
the CNN network suitable for the system architecture was selected for training.

Results:
The research results showed that under the same other conditions, the passing rate of the
intelligent litchi sorting system under the YOLOv5 was 11.1%, and the failing rate was 88.9%.
The passing rate of the intelligent litchi sorting system based on the CNN algorithm was 95.6%,
and the failing rate was 4.4%.

Conclusion:
It shows the positive relationship between the CNN algorithm and the litchi intelligent
sorting system, and shows that the system can effectively identify and sort litchi with different
shapes.
Evaluating the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Jordanian Society Towards Halal Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Jaber Deema , Salman Nadeem , Al Tabbah Samaa , El-Sharif Abdul-Rahim , Alkilani Ahlam Zaid , Qourshah Amjad 
Published: February 2025

Background
Halal pharmaceuticals comply with Islamic dietary laws and ethical principles, addressing the needs of Muslim consumers. Understanding public awareness and attitudes towards these products is crucial for promoting informed healthcare decisions and religious adherence.

Objectives
Halal pharmaceuticals, adhering to Islamic principles, are essential in Muslim-majority countries. This study aimed to investigate the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) of Jordanian society regarding halal pharmaceutical products.

Methods and Materials
A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 914 participants from diverse demographic backgrounds in Jordan. The survey assessed awareness, attitudes, and practices concerning halal pharmaceuticals. Data analysis was performed to identify key determinants of KAP scores.

Results
The study revealed moderate knowledge about halal pharmaceuticals among participants, with 60.4% and 64.2% unfamiliar with the terms “halal pharmaceuticals” and “non-halal pharmaceuticals,” respectively. While 85.2% of participants recognized the prohibition of substances, such as derivatives of dead animals and alcohol, in pharmaceuticals, 66.2% lacked awareness of specific non-halal ingredients. When seeking information about halal medicines, 73.1% of participants relied on established institutions, while 68.4% used online resources. Pharmacists were identified as trusted sources by 61.7% of respondents. Gender, age, smoking status, education level, specialization, and job status significantly influenced KAP scores. Specifically, females exhibited higher knowledge and more favorable attitudes, with 64.1% of females reporting favorable knowledge, compared to 52.3% of males. Higher education levels also correlated with better KAP scores, with 74.5% of participants with a university education demonstrating more favorable practices compared to 55.7% of those without higher education.

Conclusion
The findings underscore the need for enhanced educational initiatives to bridge knowledge gaps and promote awareness about halal pharmaceuticals. Collaborative efforts between healthcare providers, pharmaceutical companies, and religious authorities are essential to ensure the availability and clear identification of halal pharmaceutical options, catering to the religious beliefs of patients and fostering informed healthcare decisions.
Exploration of Concordance Behavior between Tuberculosis Patients, Families, and Healthcare Workers in Supporting Treatment Adherence: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Permana Roni , Afrizal . , Yunus Faisal , Bachtiar Adang 
Published: February 2025

Background
Indonesia continues to face a significant problem with Tuberculosis (TB), ranking as the country with the second highest global burden. Concordance behavior is crucial to treatment adherence. However, understanding of concordance behavior determinants remains incomplete.

Objective
This study aims to explore the understanding and experience of TB patients, their families, and health workers regarding communication in support of TB treatment concordance.

Methods
We employed a phenomenological design to explore the lived experiences of individuals involved in TB treatment. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of TB patients, family members, and healthcare workers at primary healthcare centers in Padang City, Indonesia. We utilized the Braun and Clarke approach-guided thematic analysis to identify salient themes emerging from the interview data.

Results
Data analysis yielded four principal themes: understanding of concordance, the role of the family in treatment communication, communication barriers, and effective communication strategies to support the concordance. Many patients and relatives were unsure about TB treatment. Family pressure on medication adherence was significant, yet it sometimes caused patient stress. Healthcare workers' time and TB stigma hindered communication. Brochures, films, and digital media have improved knowledge and adherence.

Conclusion
Concordance behavior among patients, families, and healthcare workers is essential. Enhancing adherence necessitates ongoing education, family engagement, and reduction of stigma for TB treatment.
In Silico Prediction of Non- synonymous SNPs in the Human CALCR Gene
Authors: Sivakumar Kaniha , Sidhic Nihala , Subbiah Usha 
Published: February 2025

Background:
The Calcitonin receptor (CALCR) gene encodes a protein essential
for bone metabolism, playing a key role in inhibiting bone resorption and promoting
renal calcium excretion. Polymorphisms in CALCR have been associated with differences
in bone mineral density, osteoporosis, and an increased risk of calcium stone urolithiasis.

Aim:
This study aimed to investigate the non-synonymous SNPs of human genes.

Objective:
This study was conducted to analyse the structural and functional impact of
high-risk non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) in the CALCR
gene using bioinformatics tools.

Methods:
We retrieved nsSNPs from the NCBI and Uniprot databases and assessed their
deleterious potential using SIFT, PolyPhen v2, PROVEAN, PANTHER, PhD-SNP, and
SNPs and GO. Gene-gene interactions were examined with GeneMANIA, while proteinprotein
interactions were analyzed via STRING. Structural and functional predictions
were performed using I-Mutant, MUPro, ConSurf, SOPMA, NetSurf 2.0, AlphaFold, and
NetPhos 3.1.

Results:
Our analysis found 17 deleterious nsSNPs (rs972946, rs138829125,
rs146344939, rs148707949, rs149570603, rs149628324, rs200643258, rs200900623,
rs201985045, rs267601640, rs368981699, rs369253212, rs369926913, rs371453754,
rs374929068, rs375143115, rs375417465) that destabilize the CALCR protein. ConSurf
revealed that 9 of these high-risk nsSNPs are located in conserved regions, with the variants
S129Y, R321Q, D101Y, D77V, L176F, P122S, N312S, M187T, and W406R being
identified as highly conserved. NetsurfP-2.0 analysis indicated that some nsSNPs are exposed
while others are buried, and phosphorylation analysis highlighted variations in
threonine and tyrosine residues.

Conclusion:
These findings indicate that the identified nsSNPs may substantially affect
the functionality of CALCR and could potentially be used as biomarkers for disease diagnosis
and targets for therapy.
CAR-T Cell Therapy: Illuminating the Path to Solid Tumour Recovery
Authors: Karati Dipanjan , Sarkar Sinjini , Kundu Moumita , Majumder Pratyasha , Biswas Aishi , Mondal Tarishi , Bandyopadhyay Soumendra Nath , Mahanti Beduin , Mukherjee Swarupananda 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
The favourable results of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in the
management of hematologic malignancies have heightened the formerly unparalleled enthusiasm
for employing this novel strategy in the treatment of diverse types of human malignancies.
Although there has been a lot of study on increasing the effectiveness of these cells in solid tumors,
few studies have examined challenges and potential fixes. A number of the main challenges
that CAR T-cells face include confined trafficking and penetration into the tumour zone,
hypoxic and immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME), antigen escape and heterogeneity,
CAR T-cell fatigue, and intense incurable toxicities. Beyond these constraints, CAR
designs must expand their applicability to a wider variety of malignancies by surpassing the
standard architectures. In order to overcome current obstacles and improve the efficacy and materiality
of this therapeutic manner, investigators are combining many medicinal approaches
with a broad range of engineering solutions.