bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A framework for understanding an open scientific community using automated harvesting of public artifacts
Authors: Liu Star , Golozar Asieh , Buesgens Nathan , McLeggon Jody-Ann , Black Adam , Nagy Paul 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
The Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) community has emerged as a leader in observational research on real-world clinical data for promoting evidence for healthcare and decision-making. The community has seen rapid growth in publications, citations, and the number of authors. Components of its successful uptake have been attributed to an open science and collaborative culture for research and development. Investigating the adoption of OHDSI as a field of study provides an opportunity to understand how communities embrace new ideas, onboard new members, and enhance their impact.

Objective
To track, study, and evaluate an open scientific community’s growth and impact.

Method
We present a modern architecture leveraging open application programming interfaces to capture publicly available data (PubMed, YouTube, and EHDEN) on open science activities (publication, teaching, and engagement).

Results
Three interactive dashboard were implemented for each publicly available artifact (PubMed, YouTube, and EHDEN). Each dashboard provides longitudinal summary analysis and has a searchable table, which differs in the available features related to each public artifact.

Conclusion
We discuss the insights enabled by our approach to monitor the growth and impact of the OHDSI community by capturing artifacts of learning, teaching, and creation. We share the implications for different users based on their functional needs. As other scientific networks adopt open-source frameworks, our framework serves as a model for tracking the growth of their community, driving the perception of their development, engaging their members, and attaining higher impact.
Analysis of Secondary Metabolites of Elaeagnus Angustifolia Leaves Based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS
Authors: Liao Jinfa , Liu Liyan , Yang Lu , Sheng Wei , Zhang Ke , Zhou Bin , Yu Silin , Yin Yongzhi , Wang Jinhui 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
The leaves of Elaeagnus angustifolia, belonging to the Elaeagnaceae Juss. family, are known for their medicinal properties for relieving cough and asthma, as well as treating dysentery and diarrhea.

Objective
To establish a rapid qualitative method for the detection of secondary metabolites in leaves of Elaeagnus angustifolia, including the identification and analysis of various secondary metabolites in leaves of Elaeagnus angustifolia.

Method
Samples were separated using a Waters ACQUITY H-Class ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) system (FTN autosampler, quaternary LC pump) and ACQUITY UPLC® BEH C18 column (1.7 μm, 2.1 mm × 100 mm). The flow rate was set to 0.4 mL/min, the injection volume was 1.0 μL, and the column temperature was set to 45°C. The mobile phase was methanol (A) with −0.1% formic acid in water (B). Samples were analyzed by quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Q-TOF-MS).

Results
A total of 182 different secondary metabolites were detected from 10 varieties of leaves of Elaeagnus angustifolia, including 77 flavonoids, 20 steroids, 7 alkaloids, 15 amino acids, 18 organic acids, and 45 other compound types.

Conclusions
A method for the rapid analysis of leaves of Elaeagnus angustifolia by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was established, and the secondary metabolites in leaves of Elaeagnus angustifolia were identified. The enrichment of secondary metabolites in leaves of different varieties of Elaeagnus angustifolia was clarified.

Highlights
The UPLC-Q-TOF-MS method is very fast and possesses a high degree of selectivity, precision, and sensitivity. These findings provide a reliable foundation for the development of medicinal resources derived from Elaeagnus angustifolia leaves.
Maintenance of acetabular correction following PAO: a multicenter study comparing stainless-steel and titanium screws
Authors: Zhao Lei , Uchtman Molly , Aretakis Alexander , Selberg Courtney , McCarthy James J , Whitlock Patrick W 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Stainless-steel screws are commonly used for fragment fixation during periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) at our institutions. Titanium is reserved for patients with documented nickel allergies. Titanium screws possess a significantly lower Young’s modulus than stainless steel and, therefore, potentially less resistance to physiologic loading. Thus, we hypothesized that the use of titanium screws might be associated with changes in acetabular correction prior to healing. The aim of this study was to compare the maintenance of acetabular correction following PAO using stainless-steel or titanium screws. A documented nickel allergy was confirmed with an allergy specialist. Patients’ age at surgery, gender and BMI were collected. The lateral center–edge angle of Wiberg (LCEA), medial center–edge angle (MCEA), anterior wall index (AWI), posterior wall index (PWI) and Tönnis angle were measured. The delta value for radiographic parameters was calculated as the difference between values immediately post-operation and at 6 months post-operation. Only age at surgery (P &lt; 0.001) and the pre-operative LCEA (P = 0.013) were significantly different between groups (Tables I and II). The remaining pre- and post-operative radiological measurements were similar (Table II). Comparison of delta values at 6 months follow-up indicated no significant differences between screw types (Table III). No patients in the titanium group had a trans-iliac retrograde screw included in their construct (P = 0.003). All patients healed from their osteotomies. The use of titanium screws in patients with an allergy to nickel was not associated with differences in acetabular correction or the rate of osseous union rates despite its lower inherent mechanical properties.
Depoliticizing money: how the International Monetary Fund transformed central banking
Authors: Bagchi Kanad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
After the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, the politics of money and central banking came to the forefront. Calls for repoliticizing central banking towards social goals such as inequality, poverty, and climate change have gathered much traction. Economists and political scientists have called for revisiting the long-lost developmental mandates of central banks and for understanding them as social institutions and as terrains of overlapping contestations. Yet, the role of law in framing the discourse on money and monetary policy has been less explored. In this paper, I argue that international law, especially the International Monetary Fund (IMF/Fund), played a crucial role in the depoliticization of money in the 1970s and 1980s. Legal instruments of the Fund, including conditionality and surveillance, were operationalized to transpose ‘price stability’ and ‘central bank independence’ into the legal mandate of central banks worldwide. From a distinctly political enterprise, central banking became ‘technocratic’ endeavour operating strictly under the paradigm of rationality and neutrality. If, as this paper shows, the law has played a crucial role in depoliticizing money, the law can also be a tool in reorienting central banking towards progressive ends such as tackling poverty or inequality. This would require a careful re-evaluation of the legal institutions of global money, beginning with the Fund itself.
A simple coordinate transformation method for quickly locating the features of interest in TEM samples
Authors: Zeng Mingzhi , Wang Wenzhao , Yin Yang , Zheng Changlin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We developed a simple coordinate transformation method for quickly locating features of interest (FOIs) of samples in transmission electron microscope (TEM). The method is well suited for conducting sample searches in aberration-corrected scanning/transmission electron microscopes (S/TEM), where the survey can be very time-consuming because of the limited field of view imposed by the highly excited objective lens after fine-tuning the aberration correctors. For implementation, a digital image of the sample and the TEM holder was captured using a simple stereo-optical microscope. Naturally presented geometric patterns on the holder were referenced to construct a projective transformation between the electron and optical coordinate systems. The test results demonstrated that the method was accurate and required no electron microscope or specimen holder modifications. Additionally, it eliminated the need to mount the sample onto specific patterned TEM grids or deposit markers, resulting in universal applications for most TEM samples, holders and electron microscopes for fast FOI identification. Furthermore, we implemented the method into a Gatan script for graphical-user-interface-based step-by-step instructions. Through online communication, the script enabled real-time navigation and tracking of the motion of samples in TEM on enlarged optical images with a panoramic view.
The Politics of Risking Peace Revisited: The Fate of Rebel Leaders Who Signed Peace Agreements
Authors: Ortiz Juliana Tappe 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Are rebel leaders punished for signing peace agreements? Many studies have found that leaders face domestic punishment for signing peace agreements. However, while this may be true for state leaders, it remains unclear whether this is also the case for rebel leaders. Between 1975 and 2018, I describe what happened to the rebel leaders who signed a peace agreement. One-third of rebel leaders in these countries experienced exile, imprisonment, or unnatural death, while the rest shifted to politics or pursued rebellion. I describe two prototypical life paths after peace agreements of former rebel leaders in Colombia and Niger: the unpunished and the punished. This study shows how the database of rebel leader attributes (ROLE) can be advanced with novel data, enabling the kinds of studies on rebel leaders that scholars have conducted on state leaders in international politics. Future studies should extend research on rebel leader characteristics and peace negotiations.
Perforated appendicitis with endosalpingiosis
Authors: Sealey Andrew J , Balasooriya Janaka 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Endosalpingiosis a condition of ectopic glandular epithelium diagnosed histologically, most commonly on pelvic and abdominal peritoneum, that can be associated with abdominal pain mimicking appendicitis. There is evidence emerging that endosalpingiosis may be associated with serous ovarian malignancies. Here we describe a case of perforated appendicitis with concurrent endosalpingiosis. Further research is required to better elucidate the association between endosalpingiosis and malignancy, and the implications of a concurrent presentation with a hollow viscus perforation.
A Comprehensive Summary of the Meta-Analyses and Systematic Reviews on Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapies for Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Mende Emily , Love Ryan J , Young Jody-Lynn 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Osteoarthritis (OA), including that of the knee joint, represents a significant proportion of musculoskeletal injuries in the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) due to the frequent, high-stress physical activity for which member participation is necessary. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a conservative, autologous treatment that has the potential to relieve symptoms and improve functionality of military members to decrease the impact of the disease and ultimately strengthen the CAF.

Materials and Methods
A search of systematic reviews and meta-analyses was conducted to determine the efficacy of PRP injections in treating knee OA. The Scopus database, PubMed database, and Omni academic search tools were scoped for relevant publications. English literature, published up to and including March 2023, that investigated only clinically randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was eligible for inclusion. The results of network meta-analyses were investigated and summarized independent of reviews and non-network meta-analyses.

Results
A total of 225 unique systematic reviews and meta-analyses were initially identified, of which 39 publications, including 7 network meta-analyses, adhered to the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. PRP was found to significantly alleviate symptoms of pain based on the visual analog scale and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index pain scores within the 12-month follow-up. Function, activity, sport, quality of life, and stiffness were additionally determined to generally improve to a greater extent from PRP treatment compared to controls, while adverse effects were minor and temporary. PRP placed in the top 3 in 9 reported surface under the cumulative ranking curves, while individually reported rankings of leukocyte-poor and leukocyte-rich PRP both placed in the top 4. The clinical recommendations made were generally positive, with 17 publications acknowledging the benefits of PRP, 3 supporting possible efficacy, and an additional 8 recommending that it be an option for the conservative treatment of knee OA.

Conclusion
The results of this review support the efficacy of PRP for relieving symptoms of pain and improving function, stiffness, and quality of life for patients experiencing knee OA within 12 months. As a result, leukocyte-poor-PRP could be considered for members of the CAF with mild to moderate knee OA (Kellgren–Lawrence grades 1–3) to slow the progression of OA and extend the military careers of CAF members. There continues to be a need for future studies to investigate the longer-term effects of PRP to verify sustained benefits at follow-up points greater than 12 months, including findings of improvement in a delayed fashion at the 3- and 6-month timeframe compared to hyaluronic acid treatment.
Numerical MHD models of stream interaction regions (SIRs) and corotating interaction regions (CIRs) using sunRunner3D: comparison with observations
Authors: Aguilar-Rodriguez E , González-Avilés J J , Riley P , Ben-Nun M , Rodriguez-Martinez M , González R F , Perez-Rivera M A , Raga-Rasmussen A C 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
In this work, we present numerical simulations of Stream Interaction Regions (SIRs) and Corotating Interaction Regions (CIRs) using the sunrunner3d tool that employs as a coronal model the boundary conditions obtained by corhel/mas with the pluto code that describes the global 3D structure of the solar wind using the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) approach in the inner heliosphere. Specifically, we selected a set of SIRs and CIRs observed by the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) and STEREO-A (STA) missions during the Carrington rotations (CRs) 2207 to 2210 and CRs from 2020 to 2022. In order to describe the dynamics of the plasma that constitutes the solar wind background conditions for the selected CRs, we solve the ideal MHD equations in an inertial frame of reference, managing the solar rotation by rotating the boundary values in ϕ (longitude) at a rate corresponding to the sidereal rotation rate of the solar equator. We show that our results using sunrunner3d can globally reproduce the plasma parameters, such as radial velocity, number proton density, and radial magnetic field strength of these large-scale structures, observed by PSP and STA at distances near the Sun and around 1 au, respectively. These results allow exploring the global evolution of SIRs/CIRs in the inner heliosphere using sunrunner3d.
Cell-specific housekeeping role of lncRNAs in COVID-19-infected and recovered patients
Authors: Chattopadhyay Partha , Mehta Priyanka , Soni Jyoti , Tardalkar Kishore , Joshi Meghnad , Pandey Rajesh 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A plethora of studies have demonstrated the roles of lncRNAs in modulating disease severity and outcomes during infection. However, the spatio-temporal expression of these lncRNAs is poorly understood. In this study, we used single-cell RNA-seq to understand the spatio-temporal expression dynamics of lncRNAs across healthy, SARS-CoV-2-infected, and recovered individuals and their functional role in modulating the disease and recovery. We identified 203 differentially expressed lncRNAs, including cell type-specific ones like MALAT1, NEAT1, ZFAS1, SNHG7, SNHG8, and SNHG25 modulating immune function in classical monocyte, NK T, proliferating NK, plasmablast, naive, and activated B/T cells. Interestingly, we found invariant lncRNAs (no significant change in expression across conditions) regulating essential housekeeping functions (for example, HOTAIR, NRAV, SNHG27, SNHG28, and UCA1) in infected and recovered individuals. Despite similar repeat element abundance, variant lncRNAs displayed higher Alu content, suggesting increased interactions with proximal and distal genes, crucial for immune response modulation. The comparable repeat abundance but distinct expression levels of variant and invariant lncRNAs highlight the significance of investigating the regulatory mechanisms of invariant lncRNAs. Overall, this study offers new insights into the spatio-temporal expression patterns and functional roles of lncRNAs in SARS-CoV-2-infected and recovered individuals while highlighting the importance of invariant lncRNAs in the disease context.
Typhoon- and pollution-driven enhancement of reactive bromine in the mid-latitude marine boundary layer
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Li Qinyi , Zhang Ruifeng , Mahajan Anoop Sharad , Inamdar Swaleha , Benavent Nuria , Zhang Sanbao , Xue Ruibin , Zhu Jian , Jin Chenji , Zhang Yan , Fu Xiao , Badia Alba , Fernandez Rafael P , Cuevas Carlos A , Wang Tao , Zhou Bin , Saiz-Lopez Alfonso 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Tropospheric reactive bromine is important for atmospheric chemistry, regional air pollution, and global climate. Previous studies have reported measurements of atmospheric reactive bromine species in different environments, and proposed their main sources, e.g. sea-salt aerosol (SSA), oceanic biogenic activity, polar snow/ice, and volcanoes. Typhoons and other strong cyclonic activities (e.g. hurricanes) induce abrupt changes in different earth system processes, causing widespread destructive effects. However, the role of typhoons in regulating reactive bromine abundance and sources remains unexplored. Here, we report field observations of bromine oxide (BrO), a critical indicator of reactive bromine, on the Huaniao Island (HNI) in the East China Sea in July 2018. We observed high levels of BrO below 500 m with a daytime average of 9.7 ± 4.2 pptv and a peak value of ∼26 pptv under the influence of a typhoon. Our field measurements, supported by model simulations, suggest that the typhoon-induced drastic increase in wind speed amplifies the emission of SSA, significantly enhancing the activation of reactive bromine from SSA debromination. We also detected enhanced BrO mixing ratios under high NOx conditions (ppbv level) suggesting a potential pollution-induced mechanism of bromine release from SSA. Such elevated levels of atmospheric bromine noticeably increase ozone destruction by as much as ∼40% across the East China Sea. Considering the high frequency of cyclonic activity in the northern hemisphere, reactive bromine chemistry is expected to play a more important role than previously thought in affecting coastal air quality and atmospheric oxidation capacity. We suggest that models need to consider the hitherto overlooked typhoon- and pollution-mediated increase in reactive bromine levels when assessing the synergic effects of cyclonic activities on the earth system.
Patterns and Drivers of Antifungal Prescribing in Acute Leukemia: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Houston Hamish , Dutey-Magni Peter , Steel Matthew , Patel Selina , Wong Wai Keong , Shallcross Laura , Wilson Andrew James , Stone Neil 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Patients with hematological malignancy are at high risk of invasive fungal infections (IFIs). Diagnosis is challenging, which can lead to overtreatment. Reducing exposure to inappropriate antifungal prescribing is likely to improve patient safety, but modifying prescribing behavior is difficult. We aimed to describe patterns and drivers of therapeutic antifungal prescribing in a large tertiary hemato-oncology center in the United Kingdom.

Methods
We studied adults receiving treatment for acute leukemia at our center between 1 April 2019 and 14 October 2022. We developed a reproducible method to analyze routinely collected data on antifungal therapy episodes in a widely used electronic health record system. We report antifungal use in days of therapy stratified by level of diagnostic confidence, as defined by consensus diagnostic guidelines (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group).

Results
Two hundred ninety-eight patients were included in the analysis; 21.7% of inpatient antifungal use occurred in cases of proven/probable IFI. Substantial antifungal use occurred in the absence of strong evidence of infection in patients receiving high-intensity first-line chemotherapy or approaching death (81.0% and 77.9%, respectively). Approximately 33% of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) reports were indeterminate for IFI. Indeterminate reports were around 8 times more likely to be followed by a new antifungal therapy episode than a negative report.

Conclusions
Antifungal stewardship remains challenging in the absence of reliable diagnostics, particularly in more unwell patients. The proportion of antifungal therapy given for proven/probable infection is a new metric that will likely be useful to target antifungal stewardship programs. The thoracic HRCT report is an important contributor to diagnostic uncertainty.
Identification and functional characterization of conserved cis-regulatory elements responsible for early fruit development in cucurbit crops
Authors: Xin Hongjia , Liu Xin , Chai Sen , Yang Xueyong , Li Hongbo , Wang Bowen , Xu Yuanchao , Lin Shengnan , Zhong Xiaoyun , Liu Bin , Lu Zefu , Zhang Zhonghua 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A number of cis-regulatory elements (CREs) conserved during evolution have been found to be responsible for phenotypic novelty and variation. Cucurbit crops such as cucumber (Cucumis sativus), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), melon (Cucumis melo), and squash (Cucurbita maxima) develop fruits from an inferior ovary and share some similar biological processes during fruit development. Whether conserved regulatory sequences play critical roles in fruit development of cucurbit crops remains to be explored. In six well-studied cucurbit species, we identified 392,438 conserved noncoding sequences (CNSs), including 82,756 that are specific to cucurbits, by comparative genomics. Genome-wide profiling of accessible chromatin regions (ACRs) and gene expression patterns mapped 20,865 to 43,204 ACRs and their potential target genes for two fruit tissues at two key developmental stages in six cucurbits. Integrated analysis of CNSs and ACRs revealed 4,431 syntenic orthologous CNSs, including 1,687 cucurbit-specific CNSs that overlap with ACRs that are present in all six cucurbit crops and that may regulate the expression of 757 adjacent orthologous genes. CRISPR mutations targeting two CNSs present in the 1,687 cucurbit-specific sequences resulted in substantially altered fruit shape and gene expression patterns of adjacent NAC1 (NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2) and EXT-like (EXTENSIN-like) genes, validating the regulatory roles of these CNSs in fruit development. These results not only provide a number of target CREs for cucurbit crop improvement, but also provide insight into the roles of CREs in plant biology and during evolution.
Universality theorems of Selberg zeta functions for arithmetic groups
Authors: Hashimoto Yasufumi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We prove a universality theorem for the Selberg zeta function of subgroups of $\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z})$ or co-compact arithmetic groups derived from quaternion algebras, in the strip $\{5/6 \lt \mathrm{Re}{s} \lt 1\}$, improving the range compared with a previous work by Drungilas–Garunkštis–Kačenas. We also obtain the same range for a joint universality theorem for congruence subgroups, which improves a result by Mishou.