bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk stratification of postoperative pancreatic fistula and other complications following pancreatoduodenectomy. How far are we? A scoping review
Authors: Alhulaili Zahraa M. , Pleijhuis Rick G. , Hoogwater Frederik J.H. , Nijkamp Maarten W. , Klaase Joost M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is a challenging procedure which is associated with high morbidity rates. This study was performed to make an overview of risk factors included in risk stratification methods both logistic regression models and models based on artificial intelligence algorithms to predict postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) and other complications following PD and to provide insight in the extent to which these tools were validated.

Methods
Five databases were searched to identify relevant studies. Calculators, equations, nomograms, and artificial intelligence models that addressed POPF and other complications were included. Only PD resections were considered eligible. There was no exclusion of the minimally invasive techniques reporting PD resections. All other pancreatic resections were excluded.

Results
90 studies were included. Thirty-five studies were related to POPF, thirty-five studies were related to other complications following PD and twenty studies were related to artificial intelligence predication models after PD. Among the identified risk factors, the most used factors for POPF risk stratification were the main pancreatic duct diameter (MPD) (80%) followed by pancreatic texture (51%), whereas for other complications the most used factors were age (34%) and ASA score (29.4%). Only 26% of the evaluated risk stratification tools for POPF and other complications were externally validated. This percentage was even lower for the risk models using artificial intelligence which was 20%.

Conclusion
The MPD was the most used factor when stratifying the risk of POPF followed by pancreatic texture. Age and ASA score were the most used factors for the stratification of other complications. Insight in clinically relevant risk factors could help surgeons in adapting their surgical strategy and shared decision-making. This study revealed that the focus of research still lies on developing new risk models rather than model validation, hampering clinical implementation of these tools for decision support.
Shifts in competition outcomes between two Daphnia species in response to algal phosphorus content
Authors: Feniova Irina , Dzialowski Andrew R. , Bednarska Anna , Brzeziński Tomasz , Zilitinkevicz Natalia , Dawidowicz Piotr 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Competition is one of the key drivers of cladoceran community dynamics. Competitive abilities can be measured as the Threshold Food Concentration (TFC), i.e., concentration of food at which population growth rate equals zero. Species with lower TFC should be superior competitors. However, population TFC can vary with environmental conditions. We hypothesized that algal phosphorus (P) content influences TFC and can alter the outcome of competition between large and small-bodied cladocerans. We conducted competition and life table experiments with single clones of large Daphnia magna and small Daphnia longispina to assess how algal P content affected their TFC and competitive interactions. We also conducted computer simulations to further explore competition between the small and large species. Our experiments showed that TFC varied with the algal P content. P limitation increased the TFC of both species, but this increase was more pronounced for the smaller D. longispina. For this reason, D. magna was a superior competitor at low P content, while D.
longispina was superior at high P content. We also found that enhanced food abundance gave an additional advantage to the large-bodied D. magna due to higher reproduction potential at high food concentrations.
Prehabilitation to improve function after autologous stem cell transplantation: A pilot randomized controlled trial (PIRATE)
Authors: Dennett Amy M. , Porter Judi , Ting Stephen B. , Taylor Nicholas F. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Exercise and nutrition interventions are not part of routine care for those undergoing autologous stem cell transplant (autoSCT). We aimed to explore estimates of effect, safety and feasibility of multidisciplinary prehabilitation for improving physical capacity after autoSCT.

Methods
This single-blinded, parallel, two-armed pilot randomized trial included adults receiving autoSCT. Participants were randomized to twice-weekly, supervised, tailored exercise and fortnightly telephone-based nutrition education, for up to 8-weeks prior to autoSCT (n = 11) or usual care (n = 11). Blinded assessments occurred at baseline (T0), pre-transplant (T1), and 4-weeks post-transplant (T2). The primary outcome was physical capacity (6-min walk test). Secondary measures included recruitment rate, adverse events, exercise adherence, physical status, nutritional status, health-related quality of life, and health service outcomes.

Results
Positive estimates of effect for walking capacity in favour of the experimental group were demonstrated at T2 (MD + 141 m, 95% CI 24 to 257 m). There was high recruitment (81%) and adherence and no major adverse events. At T2 there were large estimates of effect favoring the experimental group for higher bodyweight, and less dyspnea and gastrointenstinal symptoms. There were no between-group differences in other outcomes.

Conclusion
Prehabilitation is safe, feasible and may improve walking capacity after autoSCT. Findings support a future fully-scaled trial of prehabilitation for autoSCT.

Trial registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12620000496910. Registered April 20, 2020.
Third and Boyce–Codd normal form for property graphs
Authors: Skavantzos Philipp , Link Sebastian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Normalization minimizes sources of potential data inconsistency and costs of update maintenance incurred by data redundancy. For relational databases, different classes of dependencies cause data redundancy and have resulted in proposals such as Third, Boyce–Codd, Fourth and Fifth Normal Form. Features of more advanced data models make it challenging to extend achievements from the relational model to missing, non-atomic, or uncertain data. We initiate research on the normalization of graph data, starting with a class of functional dependencies tailored to property graphs. We show that this class captures important semantics of applications, constitutes a rich source of data redundancy, its implication problem can be decided in linear time, and facilitates the normalization of property graphs flexibly tailored to their labels and properties that are targeted by applications. We normalize property graphs into Boyce–Codd Normal Form without loss of data and dependencies whenever possible, but guarantee Third Normal Form in general. Experiments on real-world property graphs quantify and qualify various benefits of graph normalization: (1) removing redundant property values as sources of inconsistent data, (2) detecting inconsistency as violation of functional dependencies, (3) reducing overheads for updates by orders of magnitude, and (4) significant speed ups of queries.
Treatment with nintedanib is as effective and safe in patients with other connective tissue diseases (CTDs)-interstitial lung disease (ILD) as in patients with systemic sclerosis-ILD: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Mısırcı Salim , Ekin Ali , Yağız Burcu , Coşkun Belkıs Nihan , Başıbüyük Fatma , Birlik Ahmet Merih , Sarı İsmail , Karaca Aylin Dolu , Koca Süleyman Serdar , Yıldırım Çetin Gözde , Okyar Burak , Atilla Nurhan , Dalkılıç Ediz , Pehlivan Yavuz 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of nintedanib (NTD) therapy in a real world population of patients with connective tissue diseases related interstitial lung disease (CTDs-ILD).

Methods
Our multicenter retrospective study included patients with a CTD-ILD diagnosis who started NTD treatment due to the development of PPF during follow-up. The results of the percentage predicted forced vital capacity (%pFVC) and percentage predicted diffusion capacity (%pDLCO) of patients before NTD treatment and 6, 12 and 18 months after the start of NTD treatment were evaluated. In addition, the patients were divided into two groups, SSc-ILD and other CTDs-ILD, and compared in terms of the efficacy and safety of the NTD.

Results
In all patients (n = 66), %pFVC and %pDLCO values stabilised after 6, 12 and 18 months compared to baseline values. All patients received at least one immunosuppressive therapy in combination with NTD treatment. The most common side effect after NTD treatment was diarrhoea (n = 20, 30.3%). When we divided the patients into two groups, SSc-ILD (n = 35) and other CTDs-ILDs (n = 31), no significant difference was found between the groups in the change in %pFVC (p values = 0.498, 0.595 and 0.376, respectively) and in the change in %pDLCO (p values = 0.817, 0.185 and 0.399, respectively) at 6, 12 and 18 months follow-up. Again, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of adverse events and safety data after NTD treatment (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
In summary, the use of NTD in combination with immunosuppressive therapies was effective and safe in SSc-ILD patients as well as in other CTDs-ILD patients.

Key Points• This multicenter study provides real-world data on the use of nintedanib in patients with connective tissue disease-interstitial lung disease.• Nintedanib treatment is as effective and safe in patients with other connective tissue disease as in patients with systemic sclerosis.
Histological and clinical dose-response analysis of radiofrequency microneedling treatment for skin rejuvenation
Authors: Nguyen Lynhda , Bartholomeusz James , Schneider Stefan W. , Herberger Katharina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Radiofrequency microneedling (RFMN) is a commonly used fractional device to treat skin laxity and rhytids. Several studies investigated its histological and clinical effects. However, the role of the applied energy per needle (EPN) and total energy in the outcome remains unclear. The aim of the present study is to analyze the correlation between applied energy and resulting histological and clinical volume effects of RFMN treatment for skin rejuvenation. Ex vivo porcine skin was treated with a RFMN system equipped with insulated needles. Histological measurements of coagulation volumes were correlated with the delivered EPN, ranging from 20 mJ to 100 mJ. For the clinical investigation, a cohort of patients received treatment on the lower face and submental area. Absolute volume changes were calculated using computer-aided three-dimensional analysis. Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficients r were determined. Histologic analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between EPN and coagulation volume (r = 0.976; p < 0.005). A total of 30 patients, with a mean age of 55.9 ± 8.7 years, were recruited and received 1.7 ± 0.8 sessions (1–3) with a total energy of 1518.2 ± 784.1 J. Three-dimensional imaging revealed a strong logistic correlation with the total energy applied across all sessions (r = 0.676; p < 0.001). Analysis showed a positive association between the number of sessions and volume change. Study findings indicate a very strong and strong correlation between the applied energy and the resulting histological and clinical outcome in RFMN treatment, respectively. The introduction of coagulation volume as a matrix in RFMN treatments enables medical doctors to tailor and adjust treatment plan to the individual patient.
On the diameter of finite Sidon sets
Authors: Carter D. , Hunter Z. , O’Bryant K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We prove that the diameter of a Sidon set (also known as a Babcock sequence, Golomb ruler, or

$$B_2$$

B
2

set) with

$$k$$

k

elements is at least

$$k^2-b k^{3/2}-O(k)$$

k
2

-
b

k

3
/
2

-
O

(
k
)

where

$$b\le 1.96365$$

b
≤
1.96365

, a comparatively large improvement on past results. Equivalently, a Sidon set with diameter

$$n$$

n

has at most

$$n^{1/2}+0.98183n^{1/4}+O(1)$$

n

1
/
2

+
0.98183

n

1
/
4

+
O

(
1
)

elements. The proof is conceptually simple but very computationally intensive, and the proof uses substantial computer assistance. We also provide a proof of

$$b\le 1.99058$$

b
≤
1.99058

that can be verified by hand, which still improves on past results. Finally, we prove that

$$g$$

g

-thin Sidon sets (aka

$$g$$

g

-Golomb rulers) with

$$k$$

k

elements have diameter at least

$$g^{-1} k^2 - (2-\varepsilon)g^{-1}k^{3/2} - O(k)$$

g

-
1

k
2

-

(
2
-
ε
)

g

-
1

k

3
/
2

-
O

(
k
)

, with

$$\varepsilon\ge 0.0062g^{-4}$$

ε
≥
0.0062

g

-
4

.
Strategic Manoeuvring in the Depp-Heard Defamation Trial 2022: Dual Dialectical Goals and a Topical Shift
Authors: Csordás Hédi Virág , Danka István 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In pragma-dialectics, a study of legal reasoning analyses judicial judgements’ dialectical and rhetorical aspects. Most analytical studies of legal reasoning focus on the role of judges and their decision-making mechanisms. In our study, we focus on the strategic manoeuvring of the opposing parties. Depending on the context, parties may have to justify their decision to litigants, a professional audience, and the public in rhetorically and dialectically different ways. What makes strategic manoeuvring special in judicial trials is that rhetorical aims (winning the debate) and dialectical aims (convincing the jury), in contrast with debates where parties dialectically aim at resolving a dispute by reaching consensus, are not in conflict. We analyse the Depp ctr. Heard trial 2022, focusing on the parties’ dialectical potential in cases when rhetorical aspects play an important role in addition to objective evidence required by the legal framework. Depp’s party started the trial with a strategic movement we shall call as a ‘topical shift’, doubling their starting position, aiming at dual dialectical goals, and hence also beginning a new debate parallel with the apparently only one by introducing a not directly relevant factor into the debate. Although other factors also played a role in Depp’s victory, setting up his position in the confrontation stage this way was decisive for the trial’s outcome: Heard’s party, following a traditional route, joined actively in one of the dual debates only, effectively giving up the extra debate started by Depp. This way, analysing the trial offers wider consequences to how to understand strategic manoeuvring in judicial trials, and in general as well.
The 1001 nights-cohort – paving the way for future research on working hours, night work, circadian disruption, sleep, and health
Authors: Nabe-Nielsen Kirsten , Arup Anne Emily Saunte Fiehn , Sallerup Mette , Harmsen Rikke , Ginty Anna Sofie , Nielsen Marie Tolver , Jensen Anne-Sofie Rosenfeldt , Aagaard Anders , Schlünssen Vivi , Larsen Ann Dyreborg , Garde Anne Helene 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Night work and circadian disruption are linked to major public health challenges, e.g. cancer, cardiometabolic disease, and accidents. We established the 1001 nights-cohort to explore mechanisms underlying health effects of night work and circadian disruption. 1075 female hospital employees participated from September 2022 to April 2024. The data collection included a questionnaire, a blood sample, anthropometric measures, and sleep actigraphy and sleep diaries across 14 days. In subsamples, light exposure, physical activity, skin temperature, and blood glucose were measured continuously for 7 days, and saliva samples were collected five times across one day. The cohort consists of 2- and 3-shift workers with night work (66%), permanent night workers (7%), permanent evening workers or 2-shift workers without night work (9%), and permanent day workers (18%). Data comprise 4553 day shifts, 997 evening shifts, 1963 night shifts, and 6458 days without work. The poorest health was observed among permanent night workers and the group of shift workers without night work. The 1001 nights-cohort is the most comprehensive data within night work and working hour research due to the combination of questionnaires, biomarkers, technical measurements, and possibilities for linkage to historical and future register-based information about working hours from the Danish Working Hour Database (DAD) and diagnoses. With its repeated measurements within the same individual, the cohort will advance research on physiological and behavioral mechanisms underlying health effects of working hours, night work, and circadian disruption and deliver important scientific input for updating guidelines on healthy scheduling of working hours.
Leveraging Group Decision Aiding with Decision Conferencing: A Systematic Review and a Roadmap for Future Research
Authors: Mascarenhas Edgar José Sanches , de Oliveira Mónica Duarte Correia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Framed within facilitated modelling approaches and grounded on multi-criteria decision aiding concepts, Decision Conferencing (DCing) combines group facilitation, preference modelling and decision analytical software to help groups tackle problems characterized by high complexity, uncertainty, and diverse, conflicting perspectives. Despite its widespread application over the past decades, scholarly knowledge on DCing remains under-systematized and poorly explored. This study addresses this gap through a systematic literature review (SLR) and selected bibliometric analyses of DCing literature, and by identifying major challenges and promising research directions to advance DCing practice. The SLR adhered to the PRISMA guidelines, with structured searches applied to Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. Seventy-one studies met the pre-defined criteria and were categorised by year, publication source, country, and type of DCing study. Information on analytical methods/frameworks/tools, software used, and evidence of effectiveness was extracted from DCing case studies. Selected bibliometric analyses included co-authorship and keyword co-occurrence network maps and were conducted to gain further insights into the DCing scientific landscape. Results show that DCing has been applied in multiple contexts and that there is diversity in facilitation practices and methods used; few studies have formally evaluated DCing effectiveness or reported its use in virtual settings. Based on the review findings and on literature from adjacent areas, we propose a roadmap for advancing DCing practice, highlighting the need for research on DCing effectiveness, for comparative studies on methods/software, for investigating biases in DCing settings, for developing empirical research on virtual DCing, and for sharing of best facilitation practices.
Whose Knowledge Counts? Unpacking the Uneven Geographies and Politics of Knowledge Co-Production in IPBES
Authors: Wiegleb Viviana , Bruns Antje 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) plays a critical role in environmental governance by synthesizing knowledge for policy-makers. In this context, the co-production of knowledge among scientists, indigenous knowledge holders, and societal actors is increasingly important. Despite inclusive goals, the organization often overlooks how uneven geographies and power relations shape collaborative knowledge production. Drawing on qualitative interviews with IPBES experts, administrators, and government representatives, we apply Science and Technology Studies perspectives to analyze the co-production of knowledge among geographically diverse scientists in the IPBES global assessment. Our findings indicate that IPBES’s approach to co-production neglects the political and situated nature of knowledge production, inadvertently reinforcing contemporary colonial power dynamics within the organization. These dynamics influence the abilities of member states to participate in IPBES, perpetuate the North/South divide, and reproduce geographical biases within global academia. This has led to an overrepresentation of Western scientists and enhanced their epistemic authority during the global assessment. We highlight a disconnect between IPBES’s ambitions to transcend the traditional dominance of Western perspectives through inclusive approaches and its actual knowledge-making practices. We discuss the interrelations between knowledge, power, and social orders at the science-policy interface from a geographical perspective and propose six measures for a more reflexive and inclusive approach to knowledge co-production. These recommendations emphasize the importance of recognizing the contextual nature of knowledge, thereby strengthening IPBES’s transformative potential.
The effect of the Spirulina platensis market price, C-phycocyanin selling price and process scale on the techno-economic profitability of a commercial, cosmetic-grade C-phycocyanin process in South Africa
Authors: Williams Aqeel , Payne Eric , Harrison Susan , Fagan-Endres Marijke 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Across the food, beverages and cosmetics industries, the demand for bio-based pigments has risen, as the health and environmental risks of artificial colourants have become more evident. C-phycocyanin (C-PC), known for its vibrant blue colour and broad health benefits, has successfully found application in the food and beverages industries, but its application in the cosmetics industry has not been as extensively explored. This study investigates the impact of the Spirulina platensis (Spirulina) market price, C-PC price, and process scale on the techno-economic feasibility of producing cosmetic-grade C-PC from Spirulina in South Africa, utilising a sensitivity analysis and Monte Carlo simulations. The study demonstrated that C-PC pricing and production scale significantly impact economic viability, while Spirulina market price has a negligible effect. C-PC price considerably impacts profitability due to its non-linear, direct correlation with revenue. Process scale also significantly affects profitability, influenced by economies of scale during scale-up, and the balance between fixed and variable costs. From the Monte Carlo simulations, it was found that a 100% probability of profitability was achieved at a minimum C-PC selling price of 480 US$ kg-1 at a production scale of 200 kg Spirulina input per batch, even with a Spirulina market price ranging between 6 and 18 US$ kg-1. At a smaller process scale of 123 kg Spirulina input per batch, the minimum C-PC selling price to achieve profitability was found to be 535 US$ kg-1. An equation was constructed which yields the minimum C-PC selling price between 123 kg and 174 kg Spirulina input per batch, wherein the probability of profitability was 97% with respect to the internal rate of return (IRR). This analysis highlights the necessity of optimising C-PC pricing and process scale to maximize returns. By providing a comprehensive economic overview which critically evaluates the uncertainty in pertinent and uncontrollable input variables, the research provides evidence in favour of the commercial viability of producing C-PC on South African soil, thereby supporting its bioeconomy strategy and motivating for the development of the biomaterials value chain.