bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dehydroacetic acid sodium salt stability in cosmetic preservative mixtures
Authors: BENNASSI C. A. , SEMENZATO A. , LUCCHIARI M. , BETTERO A. 
Published: May 2007

SynopsisDehydroacetic acid sodium salt Prevan (DHANa) stability in presence of other cosmetic preservatives as Bronopol, Germall 115 and Kathon CG was investigated through a HPLC method that permits simultaneous determination of binary and ternary mixtures of the above preservatives.A new molecule coresponding to 3,7–dimethyl‐1H, 9H, 10H, dipyrano (4,3‐b: 3',4'‐e) pyran‐1, 9‐dione has been discovered to be spontaneously formed between DHA and free or released formaldehyde. Its structure has been established by means of elemental analysis, NMR and mass spectrometry aswell as its chromatographic and antimicrobial behaviour.The magnesium salt present as stabilizer in the Kathon CG solution can also cause the formation of insoluble magnesium salt from DHANa.The ascertained chemical interaction among these preservatives is therefore discussed as a function of their cosmetic application.Résumé:La stabilité de l'acide dehydroacééique de sel de sodium Prevan—(DHANa) a étéétudiée par la méthode HPLC en prééence d'autres conservateurs cosmétiques tels que le Bronopol, Germall 115 et Kathon CG, ce qui a permis une détermination simultanée des mélanges binaires et ternaires des conservateuis ci‐dessus. Quelques interactions importantes ont été découvertes.Une nouvelle molécule correspondant à 3,7‐dimethyl‐1H, 9H, 10H, dipyrano (4,3‐b: 3',4'‐e)pyran‐1, 9‐dione a été découverte. Cette molécule se forme spontanément entre le DHA et le formaldehyde libre ou produit. Sa structure a étéétablie par des moyens d'analyse élementaires, NMR et spectrometrie de masse ainsi que grâce a son comportement chromatographique et antimicrobien.Le sel de magnésium présent en tant que stabilisateur dans les solutions de Kathon CG peut également inactiver DHANa par la formation d'un sel de magnésium insoluble.Par conséquent, la constatation des interactions chimiques parmi ces conservateurs est discutée comme étant une fonction de leur application cosmétique.
Perceived intentionality intensifies blameworthiness of negative behaviors: Blame‐praise asymmetry in intensification effect1
Authors: OHTSUBO YOHSUKE 
Published: May 2007

Abstract:  The intensification effect in moral judgment refers to the fact that a behavior elicits more extreme blame or praise when it is intentionally (rather than unintentionally) performed. Two vignette experiments tested the hypothesis that intensification is stronger for blameworthy behaviors than for praiseworthy behaviors. In Study 1, 40 Japanese participants read 10 brief descriptions of negative or positive behaviors. Participants who attributed intentionality to negative (or positive) behaviors rated those behaviors as more blameworthy (or praiseworthy) than those who did not. Study 2 (N = 94) presented 20 descriptions of behaviors that differed according to a 2 × 2 (valence of behavior: positive vs. negative; intentionality: present vs. absent) between‐participants design. Explicit indication of intentionality elevated blameworthiness of negative behaviors but not praiseworthiness of positive behaviors.
Werner syndrome protein prevents DNA breaks upon chromatin structure alteration
Authors: Turaga Ramachander V. N. , Massip Laurent , Chavez Alejandro , Johnson F. Brad , Lebel Michel 
Published: May 2007

SummaryWerner syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by genome instability and the premature onset of several pathologies associated with aging. The gene responsible for Werner syndrome codes for a RecQ‐type DNA helicase and is believed to be involved in different aspects of DNA repair, replication, and transcription. The human Werner protein (WRN) translocates from nucleoli to the nucleoplasm upon DNA damage. Here, for the first time we show WRN translocation following treatment with chloroquine (CHL) or trichostatin A (TSA), agents that alter chromatin structure without producing DNA breaks. In contrast to normal cells, WRN deficient human and murine cells incurred extensive DNA breaks upon CHL or TSA treatment, indicating a functional role for WRN in the proper response to these agents. Cells deficient for another RecQ‐type helicase, Bloom syndrome, were not sensitive to these agents. WRN is known from in vitro studies to bind and stimulate the activity of topoisomerase I (TopoI). CHL enhanced the association between WRN and TopoI, suggesting that topological stress elicits a requirement for the stimulation of TopoI by WRN. Supporting this idea, overexpression of TopoI reduced CHL and TSA‐induced DNA breaks in WRN null cells. We thus describe a novel function for WRN in ensuring genome stability to act in concert with TopoI to prevent DNA breaks, following alterations in chromatin topology.
Age‐Dependent Seizure Semiology in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Fogarasi András , Tuxhorn Ingrid , Janszky József , Janszky Imre , Rásonyi György , Kelemen Anna , Halász Péter 
Published: May 2007

Summary: Objective:To examine the effects of age on different aspects of temporal lobe seizure semiology.Methods:We performed a video analysis of 605 archived seizures from 155 consecutive patients (age 10 months to 49 years) selected by seizure freedom after temporal lobectomy. Eighty patients had hippocampal sclerosis (HS). Beside semiological seizure classification, we assessed age dependency of several axes of seizure semiology: (1) aura, (2) number of different lateralizing signs, occurrence of ictal (3) emotional signs, (4) autonomic symptoms, (5) automatisms, and (6) secondary generalization as well as (7) the ratio of motor seizure components.Results:From the 155 patients, 117 reported aura, 39 had ictal emotional signs, 51 had autonomic symptoms, 130 presented automatisms, while 18 patients showed secondary generalization at least once during their seizures. Altogether 369 (median: 2/patient) different lateralizing signs were recorded. Frequency of HS (p < 0.001), ictal automatisms (p < 0.001), secondary generalization (p = 0.014), number of different lateralizing signs (p < 0.001) increased while the ratio of motor seizure component (p = 0.007) decreased by age. Auras, emotional symptoms, and autonomic signs occurred independently of patients' ages. Hippocampal sclerosis adjusted linear models revealed that the frequency of automatisms and secondarily generalized seizures as well as the number of different lateralizing signs are HS‐independent significant variables.Conclusion:Our findings support that brain maturation significantly influences the evolution of some important aspects (motor seizures, lateralizing signs) of temporal lobe seizure semiology. Conversely, other aspects (aura, emotional, and autonomic signs) are independent of the maturation process. This is the first report investigating age dependency of epileptic seizure semiology comparing all age groups.
Maternal Epilepsy and Offsprings' Adult Intelligence: A Population‐Based Study from Norway
Authors: Øyen Nina , Vollset Stein E , Eide Martha G , Bjerkedal Tor , Skjærven Rolv 
Published: May 2007

Summary:  Purpose: We examined if children of mothers with epilepsy had normal intelligence, speculating that either epilepsy or its therapy might affect this parameter. Methods: In a population‐based cohort study in Norway, information on maternal epilepsy reported to the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, 1967–1979 was linked to information on 18–19‐year‐old men's intellectual ability and anthropometric measures ascertained by the Norwegian Conscripts Service, 1984–1999. The standardized intelligence test (IQ score) was reported as single‐digit standard scores with values from 1 to 9. No individual information on antiepileptic drug therapy was available. Results: Mean IQ score was lower in 1,207 conscripts whose mothers had epilepsy reported on the birth notification form, as compared with 316,554 conscripts of mothers without epilepsy; 4.8 (standard deviation 1.8) versus 5.2(1.8), p < 0.001, respectively. This difference remained after adjustment for maternal education, maternal age, birth order, marital status, year of birth, and weight and length at birth. When comparing men with and without reported maternal epilepsy, the odds ratio of having an IQ score ≤3 was 1.6 (95% confidence interval: 1.4–1.8), which was unaffected by adjustment for confounding factors. Mean height among conscripts of mothers with and without epilepsy measured 178.6 and 179.9 cm, respectively, a difference of 1.3 cm (p < 0.001). Conclusions: We observed that almost 20 years after birth, maternal epilepsy was associated with reduced IQ score and also shorter adult height in male offspring. We do not know whether these findings will persist when epilepsy is better treated with the newer and safer generation of antiepileptic drugs.
Intravenous Immunoglobulins in Refractory Childhood‐Onset Epilepsy: Effects on Seizure Frequency, EEG Activity, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytokine Profile
Authors: Billiau An D. , Witters Peter , Ceulemans Berten , Kasran Ahmad , Wouters Carine , Lagae Lieven 
Published: May 2007

Summary:  Purpose: Several studies have reported favorable effects of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) in refractory epilepsy. Evidence substantiating an immunomodulatory action is scarce. In an open‐label study, we prospectively investigated the effect of IVIG on clinical, EEG and serum/CSF immunological parameters in patients with refractory childhood‐onset epilepsy. Methods: Thirteen patients (median age 6.9 years; range 1.6–25.8) with refractory seizures despite 3–4 antiepileptic drug regimens were given IVIG (Sandoglobulin, ZLB‐Behring, add‐on, 4 × 400 mg/kg/3 weeks). Seizure frequency, 24‐h video‐EEG, and CSF/serum immunological parameters and cytokine profiles (IL‐6/IL‐8/IL‐12/IL‐10) were documented before and after completion of the course. Results: Seizure frequency was reduced by ≥50% in four, and by 25%–50% in three patients. In contrast, variation in automatically recorded spike counts (1‐h‐wake and ‐sleep) did not correlate with clinical improvement. Serum immunological parameters showed variable deviations in eight patients (e.g., IgG2 deficiency) and CSF immunoblotting showed oligoclonal bands in two patients. Blood–brain barrier permeability was normal in 12 patients. IL‐6 and IL‐8 were clearly detectable in CSF of all patients; the levels were significantly higher than those in plasma but remained unaffected by IVIG treatment. Conclusions: Despite unchanged EEG spike counts, substantial reductions in seizure frequency occurred in 7 of 13 patients, suggesting that IVIG hinder progression of central epileptic activity into clinical seizures. Intrathecal presence of IL‐8 and IL‐6 was documented in all patients, but was unaffected by IVIG, suggesting that their production is directly related to electrical seizure activity and that IVIG may act through interference with immune pathways downstream to IL‐6 and IL‐8.
Dentate Filter Function Is Altered in a Proepileptic Fashion during Aging
Authors: Patrylo Peter R. , Tyagi Isha , Willingham Amy L. , Lee Sung , Williamson Anne 
Published: May 2007

Summary:  Purpose: The elderly have an increased incidence and prevalence for seizure disorders. Further, since up to 50% of these cases have no identifiable antecedent, it has been hypothesized that aging of the central nervous system itself may be epileptogenic. Aged rats, compared to adults, exhibit a greater susceptibility to and severity of seizures associated with hippocampal activation. Whether this aging‐related change reflects proconvulsive changes in limbic circuitry is unknown and thus was the focus of this study. Methods: Hippocampal slices from adult and aged Fischer 344 rats were examined using electrophysiological techniques. The dentate gyrus was our model region since it is involved with both wet‐dog shakes and limbic seizures, and it is affected preferentially with age. Results: No differences were noted between groups in field potential activity elicited with low frequency stimulation. In contrast, 5‐Hz molecular layer stimulation could evoke multiple population spikes in approximately 40% of aged versus 0% of adult slices. Further, recording in CA3 revealed that this stimulation paradigm could elicit multiple spikes in aged, but not adult, slices that frequently evolved into spontaneous epileptiform bursts. This change in the capacity of the dentate to respond to and filter afferent input was associated with an aging‐related decrease in the frequency of spontaneous IPSPs and an increased propensity for large amplitude prolonged EPSPs following disinhibition. Conclusions: These epileptogenic changes in dentate function and circuitry could contribute to the exacerbated susceptibility for hippocampal seizures in aged rodents, as well as the aging‐related decline in spatial learning and memory.
Psychosocial factors and early childhood caries among low‐income African–American children in Detroit
Authors: Finlayson Tracy L. , Siefert Kristine , Ismail Amid I. , Sohn Woosung 
Published: May 2007

AbstractObjectives:  This study sought to advance knowledge of the social determinants of oral health, by examining how several specific maternal health beliefs, behaviors, and psychosocial factors relate to young children's early childhood caries (ECC) status in a lower‐income African–American population.Methods:  Data were collected by the Detroit Dental Health Project (NIDCR grant), a population‐based study of 1021 African–American families with at least one child under 6 years of age and living in 39 low‐income Census tracts in Detroit, Michigan. Analyses were limited to 719 children aged 1–5 years and their biological mothers, and conducted in SUDAAN to account for the complex sampling design. Survey data included health belief scales on mothers’ self‐efficacy, feelings of fatalism, knowledge about appropriate bottle use and children's oral hygiene needs, brushing habits, psychosocial measures of depressive symptoms (CES‐D), parenting stress, and availability of instrumental social support. The child's age, dental insurance status, dental visit history, and 1‐week brushing frequency were also included in the model. Children's ECC status, based on a dental examination, was the main outcome. The dental team used the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) criteria for caries detection. Each child was classified as either caries‐free or having ECC or severe ECC (S‐ECC) based on the case definition of ECC proposed by an expert panel for research purposes with preschool‐aged children.Results:  The dental team followed a specific examination protocol and established reliable and consistent ratings of ECC based on the ICDAS criteria. The inter‐rater reliability kappa was 0.83 overall, and the intra‐rater reliability kappa was 0.74 overall. One‐third of the children had ECC, and 20% had severe ECC. Age of the child and lower parenting stress scores were each positively associated with ECC, while higher education and income were protective. Maternal oral health fatalism and knowledge of children's hygiene needs were associated with ECC among preschool‐aged children. ECC was higher among younger children who had past restorative care.Conclusions:  These findings call attention to the high prevalence of ECC in this population and the need to consider psychosocial as well as traditional risk factors in developing interventions to reduce oral health disparities.
EFFECT OF ASCORBIC ACID WITH TUMBLING ON LIPID OXIDATION OF PRECOOKED ROAST BEEF1
Authors: CHENG EN‐HUA , OCKERMAN HERBERT W. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACTLipid oxidation causes off‐ and rancid flavors that are serious problems during storage of fresh meat and precooked beef products. The objective of this study was to evaluate ascorbic acid with tumbling for retarding lipid oxidation in precooked roast beef. The sample without ascorbic acid had a significantly higher pH value compared to products with different ascorbic acid levels when stored up to day 7. The pH of roast beef was primarily dependent on the levels of ascorbic acid added. Tumbling did not influence lipid oxidation, but it caused roast beef to be more tender. However, there was a decrease in lipid oxidation with increased concentrations of ascorbic acid. Due to unsealed packuging, the release of moisture increased over storage time. The nonheme iron values were significantly increased at day 7 compared to day 0. The injection of 5000 ppm of ascorbic acid inhibited bacterial growth in refrigerated storage.
Long Persistence of Methicillin-Susceptible Strains of
Staphylococcus aureus
Causing Sepsis in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Gomez-Gonzalez Carmen , Alba Concepción , Otero Joaquín R. , Sanz Francisca , Chaves Fernando 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT

Molecular epidemiology of
Staphylococcus aureus
strains causing bacteremia in neonates during 2002 to 2005 revealed seven clones, with four MSSA clones responsible for 80% of the cases. Some clones persisted or reappeared throughout the study. Three bacteremic clones were found colonizing health care workers (HCWs), particularly clone C, which was harbored by at least 15% of HCWs.
Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
Isolates Collected in Asunción, Paraguay
Authors: Mayor Lys , Ortellado Juana , Menacho Carmen , Lird Graciela , Courtier Christine , Gardon Christine , Meugnier Hélène , Bes Michèle , Vandenesch François , Etienne Jerome 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT

We characterized 34 methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
strains isolated in Paraguay in 2005. The strains belonged to two clones. The major clone (sequence type 5 [ST5] or ST221,
spa
type t149, staphylococcal cassette chromosome
mec
[SCC
mec
] type I) was similar to the Cordobes/Chilean clone spreading through South America, and the minor clone (ST239 or ST889,
spa
type t037, SCC
mec
type IIIA) was related to the Brazilian clone.
Leptotrichia amnionii, an Emerging Pathogen of the Female Urogenital Tract
Authors: Thilesen Carina M. , Nicolaidis Mikael , Lökebö Jan Eirik , Falsen Enevold , Jorde Anne Tomine , Müller Fredrik 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACTLeptotrichia amnionii, a recently described, very fastidious, gram-negative anaerobic bacterium, is an opportunistic pathogen of the female urogenital tract. We report a case of second-trimester abortion in a patient with chorioamnionitis andL. amnioniibacteremia and a case of renal abscess in a female 5 weeks postpartum.
Limited Applicability of Direct Fluorescent-Antibody Testing for
Bordetella
sp. and
Legionella
sp. Specimens for the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory
Authors: She Rosemary C. , Billetdeaux Erick , Phansalkar Amit R. , Petti Cathy A. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT

The rapid diagnosis of infections with
Bordetella
and
Legionella
species is important for patient management. With observed increases in direct fluorescent-antibody (DFA) testing volumes, we retrospectively compared the performance characteristics of DFA testing to those of culture and PCR. For
Bordetella
sp., samples were classified as positive by DFA testing (184 [3%] of 6,195 samples) and culture (150 [2%] of 6,251 samples) significantly less often than by PCR (2,557 [10%] of 26,929 samples). Of 360 samples tested by both DFA and PCR methods, 81 (16 by DFA testing and 79 by PCR) were determined to be positive for
Bordetella
, with a sensitivity and specificity of DFA testing of 18% and 99%, respectively. Of 1,426 samples tested by both DFA and culture methods, 48 (44 by DFA testing and 15 by culture) were determined to be positive for
Bordetella
, with a sensitivity and specificity of DFA testing of 73% and 98%, respectively. For
Legionella
sp., samples were identified as positive by DFA testing (31 [0.25%] of 12,597 samples) and culture (85 [0.6%] of 13,572 samples) significantly less often than by PCR (27 [4%] of 716 samples). Of 62 samples tested by both DFA and PCR methods, none were positive for
Legionella
sp. by DFA testing and 3 were positive by PCR. Of 3,923 samples tested by both DFA and culture methods, 22 (3 by DFA testing and 21 by culture) were positive for
Legionella
sp., with a sensitivity and specificity of DFA testing of 9.5% and 100%. Overall, DFA testing for
Bordetella
sp. and
Legionella
sp. is an insensitive method, and despite its continued popularity, clinical microbiology laboratories should not offer it when more sensitive tests like PCR are available.
Prophage Sequences Defining Hot Spots of Genome Variation inSalmonella entericaSerovar Typhimurium Can Be Used To Discriminate between Field Isolates
Authors: Cooke Fiona J. , Wain John , Fookes Maria , Ivens Alasdair , Thomson Nicholas , Brown Derek J. , Threlfall E. John , Gunn George , Foster Geoffrey , Dougan Gordon 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACTSixty-oneSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium isolates of animal and human origin, matched by phage type, antimicrobial resistance pattern, and place of isolation, were analyzed by microbiological and molecular techniques, including pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and plasmid profiling. PFGE identified 10 profiles that clustered by phage type and antibiotic resistance pattern with human and animal isolates distributed among different PFGE profiles. Genomic DNA was purified from 23 representative strains and hybridized to the compositeSalmonellaDNA microarray, and specific genomic regions that exhibited significant variation between isolates were identified. Bioinformatic analysis showed that variable regions of DNA were associated with prophage-like elements. Subsequently, simple multiplex PCR assays were designed on the basis of these variable regions that could be used to discriminate betweenS. entericaserovar Typhimurium isolates from the same geographical region. These multiplex PCR assays, based on prophage-like elements andSalmonellagenomic island 1, provide a simple method for identifying new variants ofS. entericaserovar Typhimurium in the field.
Erythrocyte Binding Preference of Avian Influenza H5N1 Viruses
Authors: Louisirirotchanakul Suda , Lerdsamran Hatairat , Wiriyarat Witthawat , Sangsiriwut Kantima , Chaichoune Kridsda , Pooruk Phisanu , Songserm Taweesak , Kitphati Rungrueng , Sawanpanyalert Pathom , Komoltri Chulaluk , Auewarakul Prasert , Puthavathana Pilaipan 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT
Five erythrocyte species (horse, goose, chicken, guinea pig, and human) were used to agglutinate avian influenza H5N1 viruses by hemagglutination assay and to detect specific antibody by hemagglutination inhibition test. We found that goose erythrocytes confer a greater advantage over other erythrocyte species in both assays.