bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Financial impact of donation after circulatory death heart transplantation: A single‐center analysis
Authors: Urban Marian , Ryan Timothy R. , Um John Y. , Siddique Aleem , Castleberry Anthony W. , Lowes Brian D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionClinical success of donation after circulatory death (DCD) heart transplantation is leading to growing adoption of this technique. In comparison to procurement from a brain‐dead donor, DCD requires additional resources. The economic impact of DCD heart transplantation from the hospital perspective is not well known.MethodsWe compared the financial data of patients who received DCD allografts to those who received a DBD organ at our institution from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022. We also compared the cost of ex‐situ machine perfusion to in‐situ organ perfusion employed during DCD recovery.ResultsWe performed 58 DBD and 22 DCD heart‐alone transplantations during the study period. Out of 22 DCD grafts, 16 were recovered with thoracoabdominal normothermic regional perfusion (TA‐NRP) and six with direct procurement followed by normothermic machine perfusion (DP‐NMP). The contribution margin per case for DBD versus DCD was $234,362 and $235,440 (P = .72). The direct costs did not significantly differ between the two groups ($171,949 and 186,250; P = .49). In comparing the two methods of procuring hearts from DCD donors, the direct cost of TA‐NRP was $155,955 in comparison to $223,399 for DP‐NMP (P = .21). This difference translated into a clinically meaningful but not statistically significant greater contribution margin for TA‐NRP ($242, 657 vs. $175,768; P = .34).ConclusionsOur data showed that the adoption of DCD procurement did not have a negative financial impact on the contribution margin in our institution. Programs considering starting DCD heart transplantation, and those who are currently performing DCD procurement should evaluate their own financial situation.
Diversity of bumble bees and butterflies in Minnesota roadsides depends on floral diversity and abundance but not floral native status
Authors: Darst Ashley L. , Mitchell Timothy S. , Verhoeven Michael R. , Evans Elaine , Tonsfeldt Luke , Kjaer Savannah , Snell‐Rood Emilie C. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Habitat loss is an important driver in the rapid decline of many insects. The restoration of roadside habitat has been touted as an opportunity to support communities of bumble bees and butterflies, two insect groups of conservation concern. However, it is unclear how current roadside restoration methods translate to pollinator abundance and diversity.
Here, we ask how the plant communities of roadsides seeded with native and non‐native seed mixes affect bumble bee and butterfly communities 2–20 years after planting.
We found that bumble bee and butterfly abundance and diversity were positively correlated with floral abundance and diversity. However, the pollinator community in plots planted with diverse native seed mixes did not differ from that found in plots seeded with species‐poor non‐native mixes, likely because many forbs in the native seed mixes had poor establishment, and all plots were readily colonised by species that were never planted.
While plots with more native flowers did not necessarily support higher pollinator diversity, we did find several native plants that established well in roadsides and supported pollinators, including goldenrods (Solidago spp.), milkweeds (Asclepias spp.) and wild bergamot (Monarda fistulosa).
Our data suggest that managing a more diverse and abundant floral community will benefit bumble bees and butterflies. Refining the composition of native seed mixes, adding more floral abundance to non‐native mixes and investing in management for native plant communities may increase the habitat value of roadsides for pollinator communities.
HINT2 protects against pressure overload‐induced cardiac remodelling through mitochondrial pathways
Authors: Zhang Nan , Zhou Zi‐Ying , Meng Yan‐Yan , Liao Hai‐Han , Mou Shan‐Qi , Lin Zheng , Yan Han , Chen Si , Tang Qi‐Zhu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHistidine triad nucleotide‐binding protein 2 (HINT2) is an enzyme found in mitochondria that functions as a nucleotide hydrolase and transferase. Prior studies have demonstrated that HINT2 plays a crucial role in ischemic heart disease, but its importance in cardiac remodelling remains unknown. Therefore, the current study intends to determine the role of HINT2 in cardiac remodelling. HINT2 expression levels were found to be lower in failing hearts and hypertrophy cardiomyocytes. The mice that overexpressed HINT2 exhibited reduced myocyte hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction in response to stress. In contrast, the deficiency of HINT2 in the heart of mice resulted in a worsening hypertrophic phenotype. Further analysis indicated that upregulated genes were predominantly associated with the oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial complex I pathways in HINT2‐overexpressed mice after aortic banding (AB) treatment. This suggests that HINT2 increases the expression of NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) flavoprotein (NDUF) genes. In cellular studies, rotenone was used to disrupt mitochondrial complex I, and the protective effect of HINT2 overexpression was nullified. Lastly, we predicted that thyroid hormone receptor beta might regulate HINT2 transcriptional activity. To conclusion, the current study showcased that HINT2 alleviates pressure overload‐induced cardiac remodelling by influencing the activity and assembly of mitochondrial complex I. Thus, targeting HINT2 could be a novel therapeutic strategy for reducing cardiac remodelling.
Transitioning from injectable resin composite restorations to resin composite CAD/CAM veneers: A clinical report
Authors: Rafeie Niyousha , Sampaio Camila S. , Hirata Ronaldo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe a shift from injectable resin composite technique to composite resin computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) veneers in addressing esthetic concerns associated with diastemas between anterior lower teeth in a clinical case.Clinical ConsiderationsAmong several techniques proposed for direct resin composite restoration, the “Injectable resin composite technique” has gained popularity for its time‐efficiency, reduced technique sensitivity, and diminished reliance on clinician skills. However, challenges such as staining and the need for frequent polishing follow‐ups may prompt the consideration of more stable alternatives such as indirect veneer restorations. While ceramic veneers offer superior mechanical and optical properties, resin ceramic veneers, especially those milled from CAD/CAM resin ceramic blocks, offer advantages such as rapid, cost‐effective production, simplified intra‐oral repairs, less susceptibility to fracture, superior stress absorption, and requires minimal tooth preparation, making them an appealing option for many patients. Moreover, a fully‐digital approach not only streamlines the process but also saves time and labor while ensuring the delivery of high‐quality restorations to patients.ConclusionIn addressing a patient's dissatisfaction with constant polishing of direct resin composite restorations, a shift to resin composite CAD/CAM veneers was implemented. Utilizing a fully‐digital approach with CAD/CAM resin ceramic restorations successfully restored both esthetics and function.Clinical SignificanceWhile the injectable resin composite technique achieves immediate esthetic results, its low color stability necessitates frequent polishing sessions. The replacement of direct resin composite restorations with CAD/CAM resin composite veneers becomes a viable option for patients seeking more stable restorations that require fewer follow‐ups. This transition addresses both esthetic concerns and the need for enduring solutions in restorative dentistry.
Post‐acute care transitions during COVID‐19: Racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic differences in older adults with Alzheimer's disease and related dementia
Authors: Yang Ming‐Ting , Temkin‐Greener Helena , Veazie Peter , Cai Shubing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundDifferences in the post‐acute care (PAC) destinations among racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups have been documented before the COVID‐19 pandemic. Yet, the pandemic's impact on these differences remains unknown. We examined the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on PAC destinations and its variation by individual race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status among community‐dwelling older adults with Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD).MethodsWe linked 2019–2021 national data (Medicare claims, Minimum Data Set, Master Beneficiary Summary File) and several publicly available datasets, including Provider of Services File, Area Deprivation Index, Area Health Resource File, and COVID‐19 infection data. PAC discharge destinations included skilled nursing facilities (SNFs), home health agencies (HHA), and homes without services. Key variables of interest included individual race, ethnicity, and Medicare‐Medicaid dual status. The analytic cohort included 830,656 community‐dwelling Medicare fee‐for‐service beneficiaries with ADRD who were hospitalized between 2019 and 2021. Regression models with hospital random effects and state‐fixed effects were estimated, stratified by the time periods, and adjusted for the individual, hospital, and county‐level covariates.ResultsSNF discharges decreased while home and HHA discharges increased during the pandemic. The trend was more prominent among racial and ethnic minoritized groups and even more so among dual‐eligible beneficiaries. For instance, the reduction in the probabilities of SNF admissions between the pre‐pandemic period and the 2nd year of COVID was 4.6 (White non‐duals), 18.5 (White duals), 8.7 (Black non‐duals), and 20.1 (Black duals) percentage‐point, respectively. We also found that non‐duals were more likely to replace SNF with HHA services, while duals were more likely to be discharged home without HHA.ConclusionsThe COVID‐19 pandemic significantly impacted PAC destinations for individuals with ADRD, especially among socioeconomically disadvantaged and racial and ethnic minoritized populations. Future research is needed to understand if and how these transitions may have affected health outcomes.
Preferences and feasibility of long‐acting technologies for treatment of hepatitis C virus in low‐ and middle‐income countries: A survey of providers and policymakers
Authors: Gupta Neil , Swindells Susan , Scarsi Kimberly K. , Furl Renae , Thomas David L. , Weld Ethel D. , Ofimboudem Joelle Dountio , Desalegn Hailemichael , Hamid Saeed , Rosas Alethse de la Torre , Miranda Angelica E. , Owen Andrew , Rannard Steve , Hiebert Lindsey , Sun Katherine , Ward John W. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLong‐acting technologies (LATs) for hepatitis C virus (HCV) are under development as a strategy to improve linkage to care, treatment adherence and outcomes. We conducted a survey of HCV treatment prescribers and HCV policymakers in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) regarding acceptability and feasibility of HCV LATs. We included one‐time intramuscular injection, subdermal implant and transdermal patch as potential LAT options. We surveyed participants regarding optimal health system and patient characteristics, concerns, potential barriers, overall feasibility and preferences for HCV LAT as compared to daily oral medication. Overall, 122 providers and 50 policymakers from 42 LMICs completed the survey. Among providers, 93% (113/122) expressed willingness to prescribe LAT and 72% (88/120) of providers preferred LAT if provided at comparable efficacy, safety and cost as current oral treatments. Of providers preferring HCV LAT to daily oral medication, 67% (59/88) preferred injection, 24% (21/88) preferred patch and 9% (8/88) preferred implant. Only 20% (24/122) would prescribe LAT if it were more costly than oral treatment. In regression analysis, no provider characteristics were associated with preference for LAT over oral treatment. Policymakers reported high likelihood that LAT would be included in treatment guidelines (42/50; 84%) and national drug formularies (39/50; 78%) if efficacy, safety and cost were similar to oral treatment. HCV LATs could advance progress to HCV elimination in LMICs by diversifying treatment options to improve treatment coverage and outcomes. Provider preferences from LMICs are a critical consideration in the development of HCV LATs to ensure its early and equitable availability in LMICs.
Risk factors associated with fluconazole resistance in Candida parapsilosis candidemia: A case–case study
Authors: Atalay Sabri , Çağlayan Derya , Arkalı Eren , Sönmez Ufuk , Şamlıoğlu Pınar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundCandida species are among the most important invasive pathogens in intensive care units (ICUs). Non‐albicans species including Candida parapsilosis (C. parapsilosis) has increased in recent years. Fluconazole is the leading antifungal agent but resistance is a concern among C. parapsilosis species.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with fluconazole resistance in patients with candidemia due to C. parapsilosis in ICUs.MethodsThis case–case study was conducted in a 750‐bed, tertiary hospital between 2015 and 2021. Patients with fluconazole‐resistant C. parapsilosis candidemia constituted the ‘cases of interest’ group and patients with fluconazole‐susceptible C. parapsilosis candidemia constituted the ‘comparison cases’ group. Demographic and clinical data of the patients were recorded. Logistic regression analysis was performed using the backward elimination method to determine the independent predictors of fluconazole‐resistant C. parapsilosis bloodstream infections.ResultsThe study included 177 patients. In the cultures of these patients, 76 (43%) fluconazole‐resistant, 13 (7.3%) fluconazole‐reduced susceptible, and 88 (49.7%) fluconazole‐susceptible isolates were found. In the regression analysis the risk factors for fluconazole‐resistant C. parapsilosis bloodstream infection, malignancy, immunosuppressive treatment, history of intra‐abdominal surgery, hypoalbunemia, previous fluconazole use, and SOFA score were found to be associated in univariate analysis. In multivariate regression analysis, history of intra‐abdominal surgery (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.05–4.44), hypoalbuminemia (OR: 2.56; 95% CI: 1.06–6.17) and previous fluconazole use (OR: 3.35; 95% CI: 1.02–11) were found to be independent predictors.ConclusionsIn this study, a significant correlation was found between candidemia due to fluconazole‐resistant C. parapsilosis in ICUs and intra‐abdominal surgery, hypoalbuminemia, and previous fluconazole use. C. parapsilosis isolates and fluconazole resistance should be continuously monitored, strict infection control measures should be taken and antifungal stewardship programs should be implemented.
Understanding exosomes: Part 3—therapeutic + diagnostic potential in dentistry
Authors: Miron Richard J. , Estrin Nathan E. , Sculean Anton , Zhang Yufeng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExosomes are the smallest subset of extracellular signaling vesicles secreted by most cells with the ability to communicate with other tissues and cell types over long distances. Their use in regenerative medicine has gained tremendous momentum recently due to their ability to be utilized as therapeutic options for a wide array of various diseases. Over 5000 publications are currently being published on this topic yearly, many of which in the dental space. This extensive review article is the first scoping review aimed at summarizing all therapeutic uses of exosomes in regenerative dentistry. A total of 944 articles were identified as using exosomes in the dental field for either their regenerative/therapeutic potential or for diagnostic purposes derived from the oral cavity. In total, 113 research articles were selected for their regenerative potential (102 in vitro, 60 in vivo, 50 studies included both). Therapeutic exosomes were most commonly derived from dental pulps, periodontal ligament cells, gingival fibroblasts, stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth, and the apical papilla which have all been shown to facilitate the regenerative potential of a number of tissues including bone, cementum, the periodontal ligament, nerves, aid in orthodontic tooth movement, and relieve temporomandibular joint disorders, among others. Results demonstrate that the use of exosomes led to positive outcomes in 100% of studies. In the bone field, exosomes were found to perform equally as well or better than rhBMP2 while significantly reducing inflammation. Periodontitis animal models were treated with simple gingival injections of exosomes and benefits were even observed when the exosomes were administered intravenously. Exosomes are much more stable than growth factors and were shown to be far more resistant against degradation by periodontal pathogens found routinely in a periodontitis environment. Comparative studies in the field of periodontal regeneration found better outcomes for exosomes even when compared to their native parent stem cells. In total 47 diagnostic studies revealed a role for salivary/crevicular fluid exosomes for the diagnosis of birth defects, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, gingival recession detection, gingivitis, irritable bowel syndrome, neurodegenerative disease, oral lichen planus, oral squamous cell carcinoma, oropharyngeal cancer detection, orthodontic root resorption, pancreatic cancer, periodontitis, peri‐implantitis, Sjögren syndrome, and various systemic diseases. Hence, we characterize the exosomes as possessing “remarkable” potential, serving as a valuable tool for clinicians with significant advantages.
GnRH analogue triptorelin acetate induces ovulation in jennies during oestrus
Authors: Fanelli Diana , Moroni Rebecca , Berti Giovanni , Camillo Francesco , Maltinti Saverio , Rota Alessandra , Panzani Duccio 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMost of the northern hemisphere donkey breeds are faced with the risk of extinction, thus donkey reproduction is considered an emerging branch of theriogenology, and the management of artificial insemination and induction of ovulation is a crucial point in setting up preservation protocols. For four consecutive cycles, six jennies' ovarian activity was routinely monitored; an ultrasound examination was performed daily from the evidence of a follicle diameter ≥27 mm until ovulation. Upon reaching a follicular diameter ≥32 ± 2 mm (Hour 0), oestrous jennies were treated alternatively with 0.1 mg triptorelin acetate, sc, (TRIP), 0.4 mg/sc of buserelin acetate (BUS) or saline, sc, (CTRL) and examined ultrasonographically at Hours 14, 24, 38, 42, 48, 62 and every 24 h until ovulation. Induction of ovulation was considered successful if ovulation occurred from 24 to 48 h after treatment. 11/12 cycles resulted in ovulation for TRIP and 12/12 for BUS and CTRL groups, respectively. Mean ± SD ovulation time after treatment was 37.3 ± 8.3, 47.1 ± 21.0 and 66.8 ± 25.9 h for BUS, TRIP and CTRL, respectively (p = .0032). Ovulation rates between h24 and h48 were 10/12 (83.3%) for both TRIP/BUS and 2/12 (16.7%) for CTRL, respectively (p = .003). Buserelin and triptorelin‐treated jennies had a 25 times higher probability to ovulate between Hours 24 and 48 than controls (p = .003), while there were no jenny and cycle effects on the ovulatory rate. The results of this study show how triptorelin successfully induced ovulation in jennies, like other GnRH analogues previously evaluated.
Individual legal action as minority activism: Romani Germans in 1950s West Germany
Authors: Greenstein Claire 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesSocial movement theory argues that activist movements emerge when the political opportunity structure is favorable. This article contributes to the literature on social movements and minority activism by showing that individual‐level activism happens even without a favorable opportunity structure.MethodsThe legal journal Rechtsprechung zum Wiedergutmachungsrecht (Case Law on Reparations Legislation), published from 1949 to 1981, reported on West German courts’ decisions about reparations claims appeals. All issues were examined for decisions on reparations claims appeals that Romani Germans submitted regarding West Germany's 1953 federal reparations law, despite the unfavorable political opportunity structure. The number of these appeals is reported, and select cases are discussed.ResultsEvery time a Romani claimant appealed a denied reparations claim, they were, according to feminist definitions of everyday activism, committing an act of activism. Such appeals appear repeatedly in the Rechtsprechung zum Wiedergutmachungsrecht, demonstrating that if scholars look for activism at an individual level, not a group level, evidence shows that members of marginalized minority groups engage in activism regardless of the political opportunity structure.ConclusionsThese findings show that, if individual‐level activism is included in scholarly analyses, it becomes apparent that minority activism occurs even when the political opportunity structure is unfavorable.
Spread and persistence of antimicrobial resistance genes in wastewater from human and animal sources in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Dropa Milena , da Silva Jéssica Santiago Bispo , Andrade André Furugen César , Nakasone Denis Hideki , Cunha Marcos Paulo Vieira , Ribeiro Gesiane , de Araújo Ronalda Silva , Brandão Carlos Jesus , Ghiglione Barbara , Lincopan Nilton , Sato Maria Inês Zanoli , Knöbl Terezinha 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through multiple reservoirs is a global concern. Wastewater is a critical AMR dissemination source, so this study aimed to assess the persistence of resistance genetic markers in wastewater using a culture‐independent approach. Raw and treated wastewater samples (n = 121) from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), a human hospital, a veterinary hospital, and a pig farm were monthly collected and concentrated by filtration. DNA was extracted directly from filter membranes, and PCR was used in the qualitative search of 32 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Selected genes (blaCTX‐M, blaKPC, qnrB, and mcr‐1) were enumerated by quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR). Twenty‐six ARGs were detected in the qualitative ARGs search, while quantitative data showed a low variation of the ARG's relative abundance (RA) throughout the months, especially at the human hospital and the WWTP. At the WWTP, despite significantly reducing the absolute number of gene copies/L after each treatment stage (p < 0.05), slight increases (p > 0.05) in the RAs of genes blaCTX‐M, qnrB, and mcr‐1 were observed in reused water (tertiary treatment) when compared with secondary effluent. Although the increase is not statistically significant, it is worth noting that there was some level of ARGs concentration after the disinfection process. No significant absolute or relative after‐treatment quantification reductions were observed for any ARGs at the veterinary hospital or the pig farm. The spread of ARGs through sewage needs to be continuously addressed, because their release into natural environments may pose potential risks of exposure to resistant bacteria and impact local ecosystems.