bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model-based Assessment of Data Availability in Health Information Systems
Authors: Strübing A. , Winter A. 
Published: October 2008

Summary

Objectives:
To introduce a formal definition of data availability as a contribution to trustworthiness of health information systems and to automatically detect respective weaknesses and propose solutions.

Method:
Specifying an ontology, based on enterprise functions and application systems of (health) information systems and closely linked to the Three-Layer Graph-Based Meta Model (3LGM2). Deriving appropriate measures and algorithms.

Results:
A formal definition for data availability is introduced and elucidated by an example. This concept is used e.g. to disclose missing communication links and to suggest solutions.

Conclusions:
Data availability is a necessary but not sufficient condition for trustworthiness of health information systems. If information management has a thorough description of the information system at its disposal, e.g. by using 3LGM2, the calculation of data availability does not need further efforts.
Central suboptimalH∞filter design for nonlinear polynomial systems
Authors: Basin Michael , Shi Peng , Calderon‐Alvarez Dario 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThis paper presents the central finite‐dimensionalH∞filter for nonlinear polynomial systems, which is suboptimal for a given threshold γ with respect to a modified Bolza–Meyer quadratic criterion including the attenuation control term with the opposite sign. In contrast to the previously obtained results, the paper reduces the originalH∞filtering problem to the corresponding optimalH2filtering problem, using the technique proposed in (IEEE Trans. Automat. Control1989;34:831–847). The paper presents the central suboptimalH∞filter for the general case of nonlinear polynomial systems based on the optimalH2filter given in (Int. J. Robust Nonlinear Control2006;16:287–298). The central suboptimalH∞filter is also derived in a closed finite‐dimensional form for third (and less) degree polynomial system states. Numerical simulations are conducted to verify performance of the designed central suboptimal filter for nonlinear polynomial systems against the central suboptimalH∞filter available for the corresponding linearized system. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vesicle‐Assisted Assembly of Mesoporous Ce‐Doped Pd Nanospheres with a Hollow Chamber and Enhanced Catalytic Efficiency
Authors: Li Hui , Liu Jun , Xie Songhai , Qiao Minghua , Dai Weilin , Lu Yunfeng , Li Hexing 
Published: October 2008

AbstractMesoporous Ce‐doped Pd nanospheres with a hollow chamber are synthesized by chemical reduction of PdCl2 with KBH4 in an aqueous solution containing Ce(NO3)3 and Bu4PBr. The later acts as a template for the hollow chamber via forming organic vesicles. During the liquid‐phase phenol hydrogenation to cyclohexanone, the as‐prepared catalyst exhibits a much‐higher activity than the corresponding solid nanoparticle catalyst prepared in the absence of Bu4PBr. Meanwhile, the Ce dopants greatly enhance the activity and selectivity to cyclohexanone. The hollow chamber is quite stable against heating in solution and the catalyst could be used repetitively many times. Such a catalyst shows a good potential in industrial applications.
Simulated moving bed multiobjective optimization using standing wave design and genetic algorithm
Authors: Lee Ki Bong , Kasat Rahul B. , Cox Geoffrey B. , Wang Nien‐Hwa Linda 
Published: October 2008

AbstractMultiobjective optimization of simulated moving bed systems for chiral separations is studied by incorporating standing wave design into the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm with jumping genes. It allows simultaneous optimization of seven system and five operating parameters to show the trade‐off between productivity, desorbent requirement (DR), and yield. If pressure limit, product purity, and yield are fixed, higher productivity can be obtained at a cost of higher DR. If yield is not fixed, it can be sacrificed to achieve higher productivity or vice versa. Short zones and high feed concentration favor high productivity, whereas long zones favor high yield and low DR. At fixed product purity and yield, increasing the pressure limit allows the use of smaller particles to increase productivity and to decrease DR. The performance of low‐pressure simulated moving bed can be improved significantly by using shorter columns and smaller particles than those in conventional systems. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 54: 2852–2871, 2008
Human T‐cell leukemia virus (HTLV‐I) p24 antibody in New York City blood product recipients
Authors: Jason Janine M. , McDougal J. Steven , Cabradilla Ciril , Kalyanaraman V. S. , Evatt Bruce L. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractHuman T‐cell leukemia virus (HTLV‐I) is known to be associated with certain hematologic malignancies, and a related virus, HTLV‐III/LAV, might be the cause of AIDS. Some persons with AIDS have had evidence of HTLV‐I infection. Unrelated to these findings, it has been suggested that HTLV‐I is transmitted via blood products. We therefore evaluated the serologic status to the HTLV‐I core antigen p24 of 48 persons with hemophilia (Hem A) receiving factor concentrate therapy (a group at risk for AIDS), 49 persons with β‐thalassemia major (Thal) receiving frozen packed red blood cells therapy (FPRC), 26 patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) receiving FPRC, and 18 persons not receiving any blood products. All participants were clinically well; only one had a risk factor other than hemophilia for AIDS, and all were from New York City, an area with a high incidence of AIDS. No Hem A or nontransfused persons had serum antibody to HTLV core p24 antigen; three with Thal and one with SCA were antibody‐positive. These results were confirmed by both radioimmunoprecipitation and Western blot techniques. Positive serology did not correlate with any immune findings or quantity of blood products used. These data support that HTLV‐I is preferentially transmitted through cellular blood products and that it is an infection for which cellular blood product recipients in at least some areas of the United States are at risk. Concentrate products appear free of transmission risk relative to cellular blood products, but we cannot be certain that this safety is absolute. The public health implications of blood product transmission of HTLV‐I merit active, long‐term investigation.
Poikiloderma with neutropenia, Clericuzio type, in a family from Morocco
Authors: Mostefai Rahima , Morice‐Picard Fanny , Boralevi Franck , Sautarel Michel , Lacombe Didier , Stasia Marie José , McGrath John , Taïeb Alain 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThree siblings from Morocco consanguineous family presented with cutaneous poikiloderma following postnatal ichthyosiform lesions, associated with papillomatous lesions, palmoplantar keratoderma, pachyonychia of toenails, fragile carious teeth, and lachrymal duct obstruction. Photosensitivity and blistering improved with age. Atrophic scars were prominent on the limbs. Neutropenia developed in the first year secondary to dysmyelopoiesis affecting the granulocyte lineage, associated with a polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia. Several broncho‐pulmonary infectious episodes complicated the evolution, and cystic fibrosis was first considered on the basis of repeated abnormal sweat chloride tests but not confirmed by molecular analyses. This autosomal recessive disorder matches that described originally as poikiloderma with neutropenia‐Clericuzio type in Navajo Indians (OMIM 604173). It is discussed within the group of the major hereditary poikiloderma disorders, that is, Rothmund–Thomson syndrome, dyskeratosis congenita, and Kindler syndrome. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neuroimaging aspects of Aicardi syndrome
Authors: Hopkins Bobbi , Sutton V. Reid , Lewis Richard Alan , Van den Veyver Ignatia , Clark Gary 
Published: October 2008

AbstractAicardi syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by congenital chorioretinal lacunae, corpus callosum dysgenesis, seizures, polymicrogyria, cerebral heterotopias, intracranial cysts, and costovertebral defects. Cerebellar abnormalities have been described occasionally. Aicardi syndrome is sporadic and has been observed only in females and 47,XXY males. Therefore, it is thought to result from a mutation in an X‐linked gene. Improved definition of the clinical phenotype should focus the selection of functional candidate genes for mutation analysis. Because central nervous system abnormalities are the most prominent component of the phenotype, we performed a detailed characterization of abnormalities identified on magnetic resonance neuroimaging studies from 23 girls with Aicardi syndrome, the largest cohort to undergo such review by a single group of investigators. All patients had polymicrogyria that was predominantly frontal and perisylvian and often associated with underopercularization. Periventricular nodular heterotopias, present in all patients, were more frequent than previously reported; 10 had single and 11 had multiple intracranial cysts. Posterior fossa abnormalities were also more frequent than previously described. Cerebellar abnormalities were noted in 95% of studies where they could be evaluated. As a novel finding, we noted tectal enlargement in 10 patients. Since mildly affected girls with variable callosal dysgenesis have now been reported, the constellation of frontal‐dominant and perisylvian polymicrogyria, periventricular nodular heterotopias, intracranial cysts, and posterior fossa abnormalities, including tectal enlargement, should prompt consideration of the diagnosis of Aicardi syndrome. We further propose that improved characterization of the neurological phenotype will benefit the selection of candidate genes for mutation analysis. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Responsible patient advocacy: Perspectives from the Alpha‐1 Foundation
Authors: Sharp Richard R. , Yarborough Mark , Walsh John W. ,   the Ethical, Legal, Social Issues Working Group of the Alpha‐1 Foundation
Published: October 2008

AbstractPatient advocacy groups play an increasingly prominent role in patient care and clinical research. To help manage some of the unique challenges associated with the involvement of patient‐centered organizations in the delivery of medical services and conduct of clinical research, patient advocacy groups may wish to establish an ethics advisory board. Although hospitals and government agencies often adopt this approach, ethics advisory boards have not been widely used by patient advocacy groups. We report on the experiences of an ethics advisory board for a patient advocacy group actively involved in genetic testing and clinical research. Drawing on the experiences of this organization, we examine the potential advantages and limitations of this approach to navigating the complex moral terrain of contemporary medicine and biomedical research. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mouse models of Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome
Authors: Simon Ruth , Bergemann Andrew D. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractSubtelomeric deletion syndromes represent a significant cause of mental retardation and craniofacial disease. However, for most of these syndromes the pathogenic genes have yet to be identified. Currently there is every indication that identification of these genes will be a slow process if we continue to rely strictly upon clinical data. An alternative approach is the use of mouse models to complement the patient studies. Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS), caused by deletions in 4p16.3, is the first recognized subtelomeric deletion syndrome. As with other syndromes of this class, WHS has not yet been subjected to an intensive, systematic analysis using mouse models. Nonetheless, a significant number of targeted mutations have been introduced into mouse genomic region, 5B1, which is orthologous to 4p16.3. Included among these mutations are a series of deletions approximating the deletions in some patients. The mouse lines carrying these deletions display a remarkable concordance of phenotypes with the human patient's characteristics, strongly indicating that the mouse models can be used to phenocopy WHS. In this review, we will catalog the currently existing targeted mutations in mice in the regions orthologous to the WHS critical regions. For each mutation we will discuss the resulting phenotype and its potential relevance to the pathogenesis of the syndrome. Further, we will describe how the phenotypes of some of the mutations suggest new directions for the clinical studies. Finally we will outline approaches for the efficient creation of new mouse models of WHS going forward. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Update on the clinical features and natural history of Wolf–Hirschhorn (4p‐) syndrome: Experience with 87 patients and recommendations for routine health supervision
Authors: Battaglia Agatino , Filippi Tiziana , Carey John C. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractWolf–Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a well‐known multiple congenital anomalies/mental retardation syndrome, firstly described in 1961 by Cooper and Hirschhorn. Its frequency is estimated as 1/50,000–1/20,000 births, with a female predilection of 2:1. The disorder is caused by partial loss of material from the distal portion of the short arm of chromosome 4 (4p16.3), and is considered a contiguous gene syndrome. No single gene deletions or intragenic mutations have been shown to confer the full WHS phenotype. Since the disorder was brought to the attention of geneticists, many additional cases have been published. Only in 1999, however, were the first data on the natural history brought to the attention of the medical community. The purpose of the present study is to help delineate in more detail and over a longer period of time, the natural history of WHS, in order to establish appropriate health supervision and anticipatory guidance for individuals with this disorder. We have collected information on 87 patients diagnosed with WHS (54 females and 33 males) both in USA and Italy. Age at first observation ranged between newborn and 17 years. Twenty patients have been followed from 4 months to 23 years. The deletion proximal breakpoint varied from 4p15.32 to 4p16.3, and, by FISH, was terminal and included both WHSCR. Deletion was detected by standard cytogenetics in 44/87 (50.5%) patients, whereas FISH was necessary in the other 43 (49.5%). Array‐CGH analysis at 1 Mb resolution was performed in 34/87 patients, and, in 15/34 (44%), showed an unbalanced translocation leading to both a 4p monosomy and a partial trisomy for another chromosome arm. Six more patients had been previously shown to have an unbalanced translocation by karyotype analysis or FISH with a WHS‐specific probe. Sixty‐five of 87 patients had an apparent pure, de novo, terminal deletion; and 1/87 a tandem duplication of 4p16.1p16.3 associated with 4p16.3pter deletion. Age at diagnosis varied between 7 months gestation and 16 years. Ninety‐three percent had a seizure disorder with a good outcome; 80% had prenatal onset growth deficiency followed by short stature and slow weight gain; 60% had skeletal anomalies; 50% had heart lesions; 50% had abnormal tooth development; and 40% had hearing loss. Distinctive EEG findings were seen in 90%. Structural CNS anomalies were detected in 80%. Global developmental delay of varying degrees was present in all patients. Almost 50% was able to walk either alone or with support. Hypotonia was present in virtually all patients. A global improvement was observed in all individuals, over time. Our survey has also shown how the characteristic facial phenotype tends to be less pronounced in those patients with a smaller deletion, and microcephaly is not observed in the patients with certain cryptic unbalanced translocations. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Solvent‐free synthesis of α‐aminonitriles from aldehydes, amines and trimethylsilyl cyanide catalyzed by thallium(III) chloride tetrahydrate
Authors: Majhi Anjoy , Kim Sung Soo , Kadam Santosh T. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA straightforward and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of α‐aminonitriles by combining aldehydes, amines and trimethylsilyl cyanide in the presence of a catalytic amount of thallium(III) chloride tetrahydrate (1 mol%) under solvent‐free conditions at room temperature. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Carbonization of oriented polyacrylonitrile and multiwalled carbon nanotube composite films
Authors: Koganemaru Ai , Bin Yuezhen , Tohora Hidekazu , Okino Fujio , Komiyama Shingo , Zhu John , Matsuo Masaru 
Published: October 2008

AbstractComposite films of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were fabricated by gelation/crystallization from solution. The composite films were elongated twofold and heat‐treated at 2800 °C to produce oriented carbon films. The orientation and morphology of the resultant carbon films were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction and Raman spectrometers. The results indicate that the degree of graphitization of PAN was enhanced by the addition of MWNTs, at the same time, the elongation induced the orientation of MWNTs along elongation direction and the co‐orientation of MWNTs and the molecular chains of the matrix PAN greatly promoted the carbonization of composite precursor. It is suggested that carbon nanotubes acted as nucleation side of graphitic crystal during the carbonization of PAN‐MWNTs composites. Copyright © 2008 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical model for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells with experimental application and validation
Authors: Mora Javier Alonso , Husar Attila P., , Serra Maria , Riera Jordi 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to present a simple 3D computational model of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) that simulates over time the heat distribution, energy, and mass balance of the reactant gas flows in the fuel cell including pressure drop, humidity, and liquid water. Although this theoretical model can be adapted to any type of PEMFC, for verification of the model and to present different analysis it has been adapted to a single cell test fixture. The model parameters were adjusted through a series of experimental tests and the model was experimentally validated for a well‐defined range of operating conditions: H2/air O2 as reactants, flow rates of 0.5–1.5 SLPM, dew points and cell temperatures of 30–80 °C, currents 0–5 A and with/without water condensation. The model is especially suited for the analysis of liquid water condensation in the reactant channels. A key finding is that the critical current at which liquid water is formed is determined at different flows, temperatures, and humidity. Copyright © 2008 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biosorption of heavy metal using brown seaweed in a regenerable continuous column
Authors: Rajamohan N. , Sivaprakash B. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThis paper deals with the experimental investigation on removal of cadmium [Cd(II)] ions from an aqueous solution using a marine alga, Sargassum tenerrimum, in a fixed‐bed column. The effects of the inlet flow rate and the sorbent bed height on the biosorption of Cd(II) ions were studied. The dynamics of column biosorption was modeled by the bed depth service time (BDST) model and the Thomas model. The BDST model was used to study the dynamic sorption behavior at different bed heights, whereas the Thomas model was used to fit the column biosorption data at different flow rates. The uptake capacity and the breakthrough time increase with an increase in the bed height. The sorption capacities of the bed per unit volume and the rate constant Ka were found to be 3819.42 mg/l and 0.0353 mg/h respectively. In flow rate experiments, the results confirmed that the metal uptake capacity and the metal removal efficiency of S. tenerrimum decreased with increasing flow rate. The Thomas model was used to fit the column biosorption data at different flow rates and model constants were evaluated. After five sorption–desorption cycles, the selected marine alga exhibited a high cadmium uptake of 63.43 mg/g. Copyright © 2008 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integrated control method for a fuel cell hybrid system
Authors: He Hongwen , Yan Song , Xiao Zhenjun 
Published: October 2008

AbstractTo apply a fuel cell engine (FCE) on a hybrid electric vehicle, an integrated control method is put forward according to the driving characteristics of the vehicle. The FCE's output power is self‐regulated to minimize hydrogen consumption and at the same time to meet the driving power requirement of the vehicle. For the difference of the power output dynamics, the actual power difference between the FCE and the vehicle load is compensated passively by a secondary power battery pack. Vehicle experiments show that the fuel cell hybrid system works well without any adverse influence on the vehicle power performance. Copyright © 2008 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Liquid phase mineralization of gel‐type anion exchange resin by a hybrid process of Fenton dissolution followed by sonication and wet air oxidation
Authors: Gunale T. L. , Mahajani V.V. , Wattal P. K. , Srinivas C. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA hybrid process of Fenton dissolution followed by sonication and wet air oxidation (WAO), has been demonstrated to mineralize strongly basic anion exchange resin (gel type). The solid anion exchange resin beads could be dissolved in water by Fenton process wherein the copper‐catalyzed hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) reaction makes the resin hydrophilic by the disintegration of polymer matrix. Sonication of the dissolved resin thus obtained made the waste stream more amenable to WAO. Parameters for Fenton dissolution and sonication were studied to aid effective mineralization by WAO. The kinetic studies of WAO were performed using copper sulfate (CuSO4) as the homogeneous catalyst, in the temperature range of 483–523 K. It is thus possible to address the disposal of solid ion exchange resin by the hybrid process, described here. Copyright © 2008 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CFD modeling of subcooling process for beer fermentation liquid
Authors: Yuan Yuejin , Xu Yingying , Liu Xiangdong 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA model of subcooling process for beer fermentation liquid was established at the base of a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique which assumed that all the biochemical reactions were suppressed to a lower extent by the cryogenic condition and their influences on heat and momentum transfer of liquid could be ignored. The subcooling process of fermentation liquid in a cooling tank was simulated, where the temperature was from 10 to − 1 °C. The transient temperature and velocity distributions of the fermentation liquid were obtained by the simulation. The results indicated that the temperature delamination was distinct in the direction of the tank axis, while the temperature gradient was inconspicuous along the radial direction. The fermentation liquid showed a complicated movement including numerous local small circumfluences, which was different from our conventional knowledge. Copyright © 2008 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.