bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unexpected sequel to the application of silver fluoride followed by stannous fluoride to an open carious lesion in a primary molar: A case report
Authors: Craig Graham G. , Shi Jeffrey X. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe use of silver fluoride followed by stannous fluoride was designed for the treatment of open carious lesions in primary molars in dental outreach programs. However, during the COVID‐19 pandemic when aerosol‐producing procedures were inadvisable, one dental location started using it as the first stage in a two‐visit restorative procedure for carious primary molars. If the gap between the fluoride application and the restoration placement stages was around 3–5 weeks it was noticed that a black friable crust appeared on the caries surface. To investigate further a normally discarded crust from one patient was retrieved and sent for analysis.Materials and MethodsTwo techniques suitable for identification and preliminary analysis of material of unknown composition, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used. The only preparation was that the specimen was dried and coated beforehand.Results and ConclusionsThis preliminary examination showed two unexpected findings. The first was that the crust surface indicated a possible dentine derivation as it was covered with reasonably evenly spaced holes. In addition, the EDS spectrum showed it to be, at least, partially mineralized. The second unexpected finding was that the surface was coated with electron‐dense particles. The size of the particles and the EDS spectrum pointed to the likelihood of the majority of them being nanosilver. These unexpected findings suggest a possible new direction for research.
Evaluation of the relationship between the expression of AgNOR and Ki67 with the recurrence rate in central granulomatous giant cell lesions: A case‐control
Authors: Dareh Mina T. B. , Andisheh‐Tadbir Azadeh , Aghakouchakzadeh Arezoo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesGiant cell granuloma is a local nonneoplastic lesion that is divided into two categories, based on its site of occurrence: Central and peripheral giant cell granuloma. Central giant cell granuloma is an intraosseous lesion that has a tendency to recure even in surgically treated cases. Several studies have proven that there is an association between different lesions clinical behavior and their histological features. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of AgNOR and Ki67 in lesions with and without recurrency.Material and MethodsFiles and records of 35 patients who had been histologically diagnosed with central giant cell granuloma were investigated. Histological features were studied after performing AgNOR staining and Ki67 marker. The data were analyzed by chi‐square, Fisher, and T‐test.ResultsAcquired data indicated that the count of AgNOR staining and Ki67 marker was significantly higher in lesions with recurrency than the lesions with no recurrency. The same results were attained from Ki67 intensity.ConclusionThe current study indicated that AgNOR staining and Ki67 marker have prognostic value in predicting recurrency of central giant cell granuloma lesions.
Second harmonic reduction strategy for two‐stage inverter energy storage system with dual active bridge converter based on virtual LC series resonant circuit
Authors: Yang Hao , Yang Lihui , Shi Jinzhu , Chen Zhenyi , Ji Junqi 
Published: March 2024

SummaryThe second harmonic current (SHC) caused by the instantaneous power of downstream inverter will seriously deteriorate the performance of two‐stage inverter and shorten the life of energy storage device, which narrows the application prospect of two‐stage inverter energy storage system (TSIESS). To reduce the SHC in TSIESS, this paper proposes a strategy of virtual LC series resonant circuit with notch filter (NF‐VLCSRC). This strategy utilizes the virtual impedance technology to achieve the function of a LC series resonant circuit (LCSRC) paralleled to the intermediate DC bus capacitor of the TSIESS, so the output impedance of the DAB converter can become larger than the impedance of the DC bus capacitor at twice fundamental frequency and thus the SHC in the front‐end DAB converter can be reduced effectively without power loss problem caused by the internal resistance of the actual LCSRC. Then, in order to facilitate the implementation and avoid interference of parameter mismatches on system performance, the NF is adopted to realize the VLCSRC strategy based on the frequency characteristics of the introduced virtual impedance. Theory analysis and experimental results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control techniques.
Design of a mixed load‐modulation balanced power amplifier with ultra‐extended power back‐off range
Authors: Zhang Zhiwei , Zhang Ruizhe , Xuan Xuefei 
Published: March 2024

SummaryThis paper proposes a mixed design strategy to expand the power back‐off (OBO) range of the pseudo‐Doherty load‐modulation balanced power amplifier (LMBA). An asymmetric LMBA configuration is employed to increase the OBO range. The two PA branches of the balanced PA operate in different class‐C modes, thereby obtaining two OBO points. Further, an asymmetrical coupler is also introduced into the asymmetrical LMBA architecture to expand the OBO. Here, the relationship between the OBO and coupler's parameters and asymmetrical configuration parameters is built. The behaviors of the proposed PA as a function of input power are derived when several representative parameters are chosen. To validate the proposed topology, a PA with an OBO of 15 dB operating across 3.4–3.6 GHz is designed, fabricated, and tested. Measurements illustrate that the PA can deliver a saturated output power of 43.6–44.5 dBm with a drain efficiency ranging from 70% to 72%. Drain efficiencies are between 50% and 68% at the OBO of 15 dB. The LMBA implemented here shows state‐of‐the‐art performance in terms of the OBO range.
Effectiveness of interventions to enhance healing of chronic foot ulcers in diabetes: A systematic review
Authors: Chen Pam , Vilorio Nalini Campillo , Dhatariya Ketan , Jeffcoate William , Lobmann Ralf , McIntosh Caroline , Piaggesi Alberto , Steinberg John , Vas Prash , Viswanathan Vijay , Wu Stephanie , Game Fran 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundIt is critical that interventions used to enhance the healing of chronic foot ulcers in diabetes are backed by high‐quality evidence and cost‐effectiveness. In previous years, the systematic review accompanying guidelines published by the International Working Group of the Diabetic Foot performed 4‐yearly updates of previous searches, including trials of prospective, cross‐sectional and case‐control design.AimsDue to a need to re‐evaluate older studies against newer standards of reporting and assessment of risk of bias, we performed a whole new search from conception, but limiting studies to randomised control trials only.Materials and MethodsFor this systematic review, we searched PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases for published studies on randomised control trials of interventions to enhance healing of diabetes‐related foot ulcers. We only included trials comparing interventions to standard of care. Two independent reviewers selected articles for inclusion and assessed relevant outcomes as well as methodological quality.ResultsThe literature search identified 22,250 articles, of which 262 were selected for full text review across 10 categories of interventions. Overall, the certainty of evidence for a majority of wound healing interventions was low or very low, with moderate evidence existing for two interventions (sucrose‐octasulfate and leucocyte, platelet and fibrin patch) and low quality evidence for a further four (hyperbaric oxygen, topical oxygen, placental derived products and negative pressure wound therapy). The majority of interventions had insufficient evidence.ConclusionOverall, the evidence to support any other intervention to enhance wound healing is lacking and further high‐quality randomised control trials are encouraged.
Leaf morphological traits show greater responses to changes in climate than leaf physiological traits and gas exchange variables
Authors: Everingham Susan E. , Offord Catherine A. , Sabot Manon E. B. , Moles Angela T. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdaptation to changing conditions is one of the strategies plants may use to survive in the face of climate change. We aimed to determine whether plants' leaf morphological and physiological traits/gas exchange variables have changed in response to recent, anthropogenic climate change. We grew seedlings from resurrected historic seeds from ex‐situ seed banks and paired modern seeds in a common‐garden experiment. Species pairs were collected from regions that had undergone differing levels of climate change using an emerging framework—Climate Contrast Resurrection Ecology, allowing us to hypothesise that regions with greater changes in climate (including temperature, precipitation, climate variability and climatic extremes) would be greater trait responses in leaf morphology and physiology over time. Our study found that in regions where there were greater changes in climate, there were greater changes in average leaf area, leaf margin complexity, leaf thickness and leaf intrinsic water use efficiency. Changes in leaf roundness, photosynthetic rate, stomatal density and the leaf economic strategy of our species were not correlated with changes in climate. Our results show that leaves do have the ability to respond to changes in climate, however, there are greater inherited responses in morphological leaf traits than in physiological traits/variables and greater responses to extreme measures of climate than gradual changes in climatic means. It is vital for accurate predictions of species' responses to impending climate change to ensure that future climate change ecology studies utilise knowledge about the difference in both leaf trait and gas exchange responses and the climate variables that they respond to.
Chimeric antigen receptor‐T cell therapy shows similar efficacy and toxicity in patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma aged 70 and older compared to younger patients: A multicenter cohort study
Authors: Berning Philipp , Shumilov Evgenii , Maulhardt Markus , Boyadzhiev Hristo , Kerkhoff Andrea , Call Simon , Reicherts Christian , Saidy Anna O. , Aydilek Enver , Hoffmann Michèle , Novak Urban , Daskalakis Michael , Schmitz Norbert , Stelljes Matthias , Wulf Gerald , Bacher Ulrike , Lenz Georg , Pabst Thomas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCD19‐directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T cell therapy has become a standard treatment for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (r/r DLBCL). While the benefits of CAR‐T cell treatment are clear in the general patient population, there remains a relative scarcity of real‐world evidence regarding its efficacy and toxicity in patients (pts) aged ≥70 years with DLBCL. We conducted a multicenter retrospective analysis including 172 r/r DLBCL pts with CAR‐T cell treatment, axicabtagene ciloleucel or tisagenlecleucel, between 2019 and 2023 at three tertiary centers. Pts were grouped by age at CAR‐T infusion (<70 vs. ≥70 years). Subsequently, descriptive and survival analyses, including propensity score matching, were performed to compare outcomes between both age groups. We identified 109 pts aged <70 and 63 pts aged ≥70 years. Overall response rates for both age groups were comparable (77.7% vs. 78.3%; p = 0.63). With a median follow‐up of 8.3 months, median progression‐free survival was 10.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.5–21.8) and 11.1 months (95% CI: 4.9–NR) (p = 0.93) for both cohorts. Median overall survival reached 21.8 months (95% CI: 11.8–NR) and 34.4 months (95% CI: 10.1–NR) (p = 0.97), respectively. No significant differences in the incidence of cytokine release syndrome (p = 0.53) or grade ≥3 neurotoxicity (p = 0.56) were observed. Relapse and nonrelapse mortality were not significantly different between both groups. Our findings provide additional support that CAR‐T cell therapy is feasible and effective in patients with r/r DLBCL aged 70 years or older, demonstrating outcomes comparable to those observed in younger patients. CAR‐T cell therapy should be not withheld for elderly patients with r/r DLBCL.
Quantifying the impact of sample, instrument, and data processing on biological signatures in modern and fossil tissues detected with Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Wiemann Jasmina , Heck Philipp R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRaman spectroscopy is a popular tool for characterizing complex biological materials and their geological remains. Ordination methods, such as principal component analysis (PCA), use spectral variance to create a compositional space, the ChemoSpace, grouping samples based on spectroscopic manifestations reflecting different biological properties or geological processes. PCA allows to reduce the dimensionality of complex spectroscopic data and facilitates the extraction of informative features into formats suitable for downstream statistical analyses, thus representing a first step in the development of diagnostic biosignatures from complex modern and fossil tissues. For such samples, however, there is presently no systematic and accessible survey of the impact of sample, instrument, and spectral processing on the occupation of the ChemoSpace. Here, the influence of sample count, unwanted signals and different signal‐to‐noise ratios, spectrometer decalibration, baseline subtraction, and spectral normalization on ChemoSpace grouping is investigated and exemplified using synthetic spectra. Increase in sample size improves the dissociation of groups in the ChemoSpace, and our sample yields a representative and mostly stable pattern in occupation with less than 10 samples per group. The impact of systemic interference of different amplitude and frequency, periodical or random features that can be introduced by instrument or sample, on compositional biological signatures is reduced by PCA and allows to extract biological information even when spectra of differing signal‐to‐noise ratios are compared. Routine offsets (
1 cm−1) in spectrometer calibration contribute in our sample to less than 0.1% of the total spectral variance captured in the ChemoSpace and do not obscure biological information. Standard adaptive baselining, together with normalization, increases spectral comparability and facilitates the extraction of informative features. The ChemoSpace approach to biosignatures represents a powerful tool for exploring, denoising, and integrating molecular information from modern and ancient organismal samples.
Recurrence patterns after complex multimodality therapy and hepatic arterial infusion for colorectal liver metastases: A reflection of biology and technique
Authors: Hernandez Matthew C. , Fan Darrell , Sandhu Jaideep , Mahuron Kelly , Kessler Jonathan , Raoof Mustafa , Fakih Marwan , Singh Gagandeep , Fong Yuman , Melstrom Laleh G. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and MethodsWe characterized colorectal liver metastasis recurrence and survival patterns after surgical resection and intraoperative ablation ± hepatic arterial infusion pump (HAIP) placement. We estimated patterns of recurrence and survival in patients undergoing contemporary multimodal treatments. Between 2017 and 2021, patient, tumor characteristics, and recurrence data were collected. Primary outcomes included recurrence patterns and survival data based on operative intervention.ResultsThere were 184 patients who underwent hepatectomy and intraoperative ablation. Sixty patients (32.6%) underwent HAIP placement. A total of 513 metastases were ablated, median total of 2 ablations per patient. Median time to recurrence was 31 [22–40] months. Recurrence patterns included tumor at ablative margin on first scheduled postoperative imaging (8, 4.3%), local tumor recurrence at ablative site (69, 37.5%), and non‐ablated liver tumor recurrence (38, 20.6%). In patients who underwent HAIP placement, the rate of liver recurrence was reduced (45% vs 70.9%, p = 0.0001). Median overall survival was 64 [41‐58] months and prolonged survival was associated with HAIP treatment (85 [66–109] vs 60 [51–70] months.Conclusions and DiscussionHepatic recurrence is common and combination of intraoperative ablation and HAIP treatments were associated with prolonged survival. These data may reflect patient selection however, future work will clarify preoperative tumor and patient characteristics that may better predict recurrence expectations.
Deformity in valgus knee malalignment is not only in the femur but also in tibia or both, based on demographic and morphological analysis before and after knee osteotomies
Authors: An Jae‐Sung , Jacquet Christophe , Loddo Glauco , Mabrouk Ahmed , Koga Hideyuki , Argenson Jean‐Noël , Ollivier Matthieu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aims to identify the demographic and morphological features of valgus knee deformity with unilateral osteoarthritic knee in the coronal plane. A secondary aim was to identify the distinct phenotypes of valgus knees in Hirschmann's phenotype and the coronal plane alignment of the knee (CPAK) classifications before and after a knee osteotomy (KO).MethodsA total of 107 patients (57 female and 50 male) with a mean age of 42.4 ± 17.2 years, who underwent varisation osteotomy for symptomatic unilateral knee osteoarthritis (OA) and constitutional valgus deformity, were enrolled in the study, and the mean follow‐up period was 29.1 ± 7.3 months. The included cases comprised 60 cases of distal femoral osteotomy, 10 cases of double‐level osteotomy and 33 cases of high tibial osteotomy. All patients underwent preoperative and postoperative clinical, functional and radiological evaluations, analysed by analysis of variance tests.ResultsAn analysis of the location of the valgus deformities demonstrated that 56 cases (52.3%) were femoral based, 18 cases (16.8%) were both femoral and tibial based and 33 cases (30.9%) were tibial based. Twelve preosteotomy cases (11.2%) and 38 postosteotomy cases (35.5%) matched the most common eight Hirschmann's phenotypes, phenotyping the coronal lower limb alignment based on the native alignment in young patients without OA. Four (3.7%) preosteotomy cases and 89 postosteotomy cases (83.1%) matched the most common three CPAK phenotypes (Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅴ) based on constitutional alignment and joint line obliquity in healthy and osteoarthritic knees.ConclusionIn valgus knee malalignment, the location of the deformity is not only solely femoral‐based but also solely tibial‐based or combined femoral and tibial‐based. An individualised osteotomy approach would be recommended to achieve careful preoperative planning that considers the location of the deformity and the resultant joint line. Hirschmann's and CPAK classification would not be relevant when KO is considered.Level of EvidenceLevel Ⅳ, retrospective case–control study.
Mobile medial pivot (lateral slide)‐type total knee arthroplasty exhibited different motion patterns between under anaesthesia and weight‐bearing condition
Authors: Tanifuji Osamu , Mochizuki Tomoharu , Sato Takashi , Watanabe Satoshi , Omori Go , Kawashima Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA), which has medial pivot and mobile‐bearing mechanisms, has been developed and clinically used. However, the in vivo dynamic kinematics of the mobile medial pivot‐type TKA (MMPTKA) is unclear. This study analysed the in vivo kinematics of MMPTKA in weight‐bearing and nonweight‐bearing conditions.MethodsThe study included 10 knees that underwent primary TKA using MMPTKA. After TKA, lateral view radiographs of the knee in full extension, 90° of flexion and passive full flexion were taken under general anaesthesia in the nonweight‐bearing condition. At least 6 months postoperatively, knee motion during squatting from a weight‐bearing standing position was observed using a flat‐panel detector and analysed using the three‐dimensional‐to‐two‐dimensional image registration technique.ResultsUnder anaesthesia: in passive full flexion, the anteroposterior (AP) locations of the femoral component's medial and lateral distal points were 10.2 and 16.0 mm posterior, and the rotational angles of the femoral component's X‐axis (FCX) and insert were 8.1° external rotation and 18.5° internal rotation to full extension, respectively. Squatting: the AP translations of the femoral component's medial and lateral most distal points were 2.2 and 6.4 mm, and the rotational angles of the FCX and insert were 5.7° and 1.6° external rotation, respectively. Significant differences were observed in the AP translation of the femoral component's medial and lateral most distal points and changes in the insert's rotational angle when comparing under anaesthesia and squatting.ConclusionsThe kinematics of the insert in MMPTKA was significantly influenced by loading and muscle contraction. The femoral component exhibited substantial external rotation and posterior translation under anaesthesia, which may contribute to achieving an optimal range of motion. The insert remained relatively stable during squatting and minimal rotation was observed, indicating good stability. MMPTKA was expected to demonstrate rational kinematics by incorporating mobile and medial pivot mechanisms.Level of EvidenceLevel IV, prospective biomechanical case series study.
Tibial plateau fractures are associated with poor functional outcomes and a low conversion rate to total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Kraml Nikolaus , Haslhofer David J. , Winkler Philipp W. , Stiftinger Julian M. , Heidecke Svenja , Kwasny Oskar , Gotterbarm Tobias , Klasan Antonio 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to analyse the functional outcome and the conversion rate to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) after surgically treated tibial plateau fractures (TPF).MethodsAll patients undergoing surgical treatment of TPF at a single institution between January 2003 and December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and Tegner activity scale (TAS) were collected. The conversion rate to TKA was examined 2, 5, 7 and 10 years after surgical treatment of TPF.ResultsNinety‐four patients, with a mean follow‐up of 110.6 months (±60.0), were included in the functional outcome assessment. Mean KOOS scores were 75.4 for symptoms, 80.6 for pain, 84.3 for activities of daily living (ADL), 59.5 for sports and 61.3 for QOL. All subscales were significantly lower on the injured side compared with the contralateral leg. Lower KOOS was observed in patients with hardware removal and Schatzker type 5 and 6 injuries. Median TAS was postinjury (4) significantly lower than preinjury (5) (p < 0.001). The conversion rate to TKA was 6.3%, 10.9%, 11.7% and 12.2% after 2,5,7 and 10 years of follow‐up, respectively. Patients undergoing TKA were older than patients with no conversion to TKA (2 years follow‐up 53.8 vs. 64.5 years, p = 0.026).ConclusionTPFs decrease the function of the knee when compared with the contralateral side and to the preoperative condition. Bicondylar fractures are associated with worse functional outcomes. A conversion rate to TKA of 12.2% was found at 10 years follow‐up.Level of EvidenceLevel III.