bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Queering the Seventeenth Century: Historicism, Queer Theory, and Early Modern Literature
Authors: Webster Jeremy W. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis article explores the continuing prevalence of historicism and queer theory in seventeenth‐century literature. While some scholars have announced the demise of new historicism and queer theory and others have challenged these critical perspectives’ methodologies and assumptions, scholarship on the history of sexuality published within the past ten years demonstrates the continuing importance of historicist and queer theories on seventeenth‐century literary criticism. Queer historicists, also called alteritists, constructivists, or differentialists, argue that the seventeenth century's constructions of same‐sex sexual practices, desires, and emotions are fundamentally different from those of the present day. Challenges to this position maintain that early modern representations of same‐sex eroticism share some continuity with those of today. Through an examination of scholarship on female same‐sex erotics, passionate male friendship, constructions of ‘sodomy’ as a legal and social category, the exiling of homoeroticism from the center of government to the margins of society, and depictions of same‐sex desire in the theater during the seventeenth century, this piece concludes that queer historicism remains a dominant voice in early modern studies.
Are the black hole masses in narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies actually small?
Authors: Decarli Roberto , Dotti Massimo , Fontana Marcella , Haardt Francesco 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s) are generally considered peculiar objects among the broad class of type 1 active galactic nuclei, due to the relatively small width of the broad lines, strong X-ray variability, soft X-ray continua, weak [O iii], and strong Fe ii line intensities. The mass MBH of the central massive black hole (MBH) is claimed to be lighter than expected from known MBH–host galaxy scaling relations, while the accretion rate on to the MBH larger than the average value appropriate to Seyfert 1 galaxies. In this Letter, we show that NLS1 peculiar MBH and L/LEdd turn out to be fairly standard, provided that the broad-line region is allowed to have a disc-like, rather than isotropic, geometry. Assuming that NLS1s are rather ‘normal’ Seyfert 1 objects seen along the disc axis, we could estimate the typical inclination angles from the fraction of Seyfert 1 classified as NLS1s, and compute the geometrical factor relating the observed full width at half-maximum of broad lines to the virial mass of the MBH. We show that the geometrical factor can fully account for the ‘black hole mass deficit’ observed in NLS1s, and that L/LEdd is (on average) comparable to the value of the more common broad-line Seyfert 1 galaxies.
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND FATTY ACID PROFILE OF SELECTED RED RASPBERRY CULTIVARS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: KAFKAS E. , ÖZGEN M. , ÖZOĞUL Y. , TÜREMIŞ N. 
Published: February 2008

ABSTRACT Seven red raspberry cultivars (Heritage, Canby, Willamette, Hollanda Boduru, Newburgh, Tulameen and Meeker) were evaluated for their total anthocyanin (TACY), total phenolics (TP), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), fatty acids (FAs) and soluble sugars properties. The TACY, TP and TEAC content ranged from 171.5 to 475.0 µg/g fresh weight (fw), 864.4–1246.9 µg gallic acid equivalent/g fw and 19.4–32.7 µmol TE/g fw, respectively. The highest values of TACY, TP and TEAC content were obtained from the Newburgh cultivar. The FA compositions of raspberry cultivars ranged from 4.97 to 20.31% saturated FAs, 14.65–18.47% monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) and 62.85–78.68% polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs). Cultivars Meeker and Newburgh had the highest level of MUFAs, respectively, while the highest level of PUFAs was observed in cultivar Hollanda Boduru. The main soluble sugars of the seven raspberry genotypes were also separated, identified and quantified using high‐performance liquid chromatography with refractive index detection. According to the results, fructose, glucose and sucrose were detected as the main soluble sugars, while xylose and mannose were not detected in the raspberry fruits.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThere have been no previous studies comparing the fruit quality characteristics of raspberry cultivars. Raspberries may be a good alternative crop with a high market value, especially highly profitable due to the long harvesting period, because of the ideal climatic conditions. The objective of this work was to evaluate seven red raspberry cultivars in terms of their total anthocyanin, total phenolic, antioxidant capacity, fatty acids profile and soluble sugar properties.
Cooperative Modeling: Linking Science, Communication, and Ground Water Planning
Authors: Tidwell Vincent C. , Van Den Brink Cors 
Published: February 2008

AbstractEquitable allocation of ground water resources is a growing challenge due to both the increasing demand for water and the competing values placed on its use. While scientists can contribute to a technically defensible basis for water resource planning, this framework must be cast in a broader societal and environmental context. Given the complexity and often contentious nature of resource allocation, success requires a process for inclusive and transparent sharing of ideas complemented by tools to structure, quantify, and visualize the collective understanding and data, providing an informed basis of dialogue, exploration, and decision making. Ideally, a process that promotes shared learning leading to cooperative and adaptive planning decisions. While variously named, mediated modeling, group modeling, cooperative modeling, shared vision planning, or computer‐mediated collaborative decision making are similar approaches aimed at meeting these objectives. In this paper, we frame “cooperative modeling” in the context of ground water planning and illustrate the process with two brief examples.
Seasonal variability in velocity and ablation of Te Moeka o Tuawe/Fox Glacier, south Westland, New Zealand
Authors: Purdie Heather L. , Brook Martin S. , Fuller Ian C. , Appleby John 
Published: February 2008

Abstract:  Seasonal variations in ablation and surface velocity were investigated on the lower Fox Glacier. Variations occur between summer and winter ablation, with surface velocity also showing marked seasonality. Recent advance has resulted in the glacier gaining around 200 m length since late 2004. Longer term, Fox Glacier appears linked to the Southern Oscillation Index, with positive glacier mass balances associated with negative Southern Oscillation Index (El Niño). An estimated glacier response time of approximately 9–14 years suggests the current terminus advance was linked to mass gains in the mid‐1990s. Recent collapses at the terminal face continue to prove a hazard at this busy tourist destination.
Authenticity
Authors: Guignon Charles 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis article discusses the ordinary, the existentialist, and the virtue‐ethics senses of the word ‘authenticity’. The term ‘authentic’ in ordinary usage suggests the idea of being ‘original’ or ‘faithful to an original’, and its application implies being true to what someone (or something) truly is. It is important to see, however, that the philosopher who put this technical term on the map in existentialism, Martin Heidegger, used the word to refer to the human capacity to be fully human, not to being true to one's unique inner nature. Authenticity might also be thought of as a virtue, and interesting questions arise whether such a virtue should be regarded primarily as a personal or as a social virtue.
A Genetics Primer for Social Health Research
Authors: Way Baldwin M. , Gurbaxani Brian M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe recently completed sequencing of the human genome heralds a new era in the study of social influences upon health. Because the interactions between genes and the environment are bidirectional, expertise in the areas of psychosocial processes and health behaviors will be necessary for elucidating how genes, behavior, and the environment interact to affect health outcomes. For investigators whose primary background is in social health research, the terminology used by geneticists may seem like a foreign language. To help navigate this foreign territory, the nature of genetic variation and gene action is presented in non‐technical terms using the serotonin transporter gene as an example because it is thought to influence sensitivity to the social environment. In addition, we describe several methodological pitfalls to be avoided when associating genetic variation with psychosocial and behavioral risk factors for poor health outcomes.
United States' electricity imports from Quebec and the fair trade issue
Authors: Bernard Jean‐Thomas 
Published: February 2008

Abstract: Hydro‐Québec's energy exports to neighbouring American electric utilities have increased substantially over the last decade as a result of conditions created by the oil crisis of the seventies. These increases have mostly been in the form of interruptible energy exchanges. Considering prices and costs of production on both sides of the border, the prospects for further growth of firm energy exports to the United States appear to be reasonably good. Some institutional features of electricity production in Quebec may raise concerns about fair trading. These concerns have little foundation, however, when consideration is given to the size of energy imports relative to the American northeast market, the pricing method of Hydro‐Québec electricity exports to the United States, and the role played by the National Energy Board in Canada.Sommaire: Les conditions créées par la crise pétrolière des années soixante‐dix ont permis à Hydro‐Québec d'accroître de façon significative ses exportations aux services d'électricité américains. Cette croissance a pris la forme, en grande partie, de ventes d'énergie interruptible. Compte tenu des prix et des coûts de production actuels de chaque côdé la frontière, il serait raisonnable de s'attendre à une croissance des exportations d'énergie ferme aux États‐Unis. Quelques caractéristiques institutionnelles de la production de l'électricité au Québec pourraient par contre soulever des inquiétudes quant au commerce équitable. Toutefois, ces inquiétudes apparaissent avoir peu de fondements quand on tient compte de la taille relative de ces exportations vers le marché de la Nouvelle‐Angleterre, de la méthode tarifaire employée par Hydro‐Québec pour ses exportations américaines et du rôle joué par l'Office national de léenergie du Canada.
Impact of dental care on oral health‐related quality of life and treatment goals among elderly adults
Authors: Gagliardi DI , Slade GD , Sanders AE 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackground:  General dental care can effectively control disease and restore damaged tissue, yet little is known about its impact on patients’ subjective oral health, namely treatment goals and oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL). This study aimed to evaluate change in both aspects of subjective oral health among elderly adults receiving publicly‐funded, general dental care.Methods:  We conducted a prospective, single‐group intervention study of adults aged 75+ years receiving care through the South Australian Dental Service (SADS). Before receiving dental care, subjects completed the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP‐14) questionnaire which evaluates OHRQoL. In this questionnaire, subjects rated the extent to which they had attained a self‐nominated oral health goal. Dentists provided standard‐of‐care treatment and six months later the OHIP‐14 and goal attainment questions were re‐administered.Results:  Among the 253 adults studied, overall improvements in OHRQoL were observed (p < 0.05), although the effect was dependent on pre‐treatment goal: mean OHIP‐14 scores did not change significantly for subjects whose goal was less pain/discomfort while significant improvements were observed for subjects with other treatment goals. In contrast, mean goal attainment ratings improved significantly (P < 0.05), regardless of treatment goal categories.Conclusions:  Dental care was associated with improvements in subjective oral health, although different patterns of improvement were observed for OHRQoL compared with goal attainment ratings.
Parental knowledge, beliefs and behaviours for oral health of toddlers residing in rural Victoria
Authors: Gussy MG , Waters EB , Riggs EM , Lo SK , Kilpatrick NM 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackground:  Little is known about the oral health of children under the age of four years. The determinants of early childhood caries (ECC) in this young age group are also not well understood despite a growing recognition that early interventions may deliver the greatest benefits. The aim of this study was to examine the oral health‐related knowledge, attitudes and reported behaviours of parents of children aged 12–24 months living in rural areas of Victoria, Australia.Methods:  A robust theoretical model was utilized to identify oral health‐related behaviours and their antecedent and reinforcing conditions within the context of this specific population group. Two hundred and ninety‐four parent/child dyads were recruited through their maternal and child health nurses as part of a larger intervention trial. Parents completed a self‐report questionnaire.Results:  Knowledge regarding risk and protective factors amongst parents was variable and sometimes at odds with contemporary evidence. Knowledge of the role of early infection with S. mutans was very low, with high levels of behaviours that may promote early transmission reported. Tooth cleaning was reported by most parents at least sometimes, however a large proportion lacked confidence and this was significantly related to the frequency of the cleaning. Parents were confused about the fluoride status of their water supplies. Most parents believed fluoride toothpaste reduced the risk of ECC but did not know whether it should be used with toddlers.Conclusions:  The results of this study have implications for efforts to prevent dental decay in this very young age group. Health care professionals other than dentists need support to provide information and promote confidence with regard to optimal fluoride exposure. Attention should also be given to the contribution of early contact with particular bacteria in oral health education and promotion programmes.
Attitudes of the Victorian oral health workforce to the employment and scope of practice of dental hygienists
Authors: Hopcraft M , McNally C , Ng C , Pek L , Pham TA , Phoon WL , Poursoltan P , Yu W 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackground: Increasing the number of dental hygienists and expanding their scope of practice are two policy directions that are currently being explored to increase the supply of dental services in the context of projected oral health workforce shortages in Australia. Understanding factors relating to the employment of hygienists and the attitudes of the oral health workforce to dental hygiene practice are important in this policy debate.Methods: A postal survey of a random sample of Victorian dentists, periodontists, orthodontists and hygienists was undertaken in 2006. Dentists and specialists were grouped into those whose practice employed or did not employ a hygienist. Data on the attitudes of dentists, specialists and hygienists towards various aspects of dental hygiene practice were explored.Results: A response rate of 65.3 per cent was achieved. Hygienists believed that their employment made dental care more affordable (53.7 per cent) and improved access to dental care (88.1 per cent), while few dentists believed hygienists made care more affordable. Most hygienists believed they were capable of diagnosing periodontal disease and dental caries and formulating a treatment plan, but there was less support from employers and non‐employers. Dentists were strongly opposed to independent practice for dental hygienists, although there was qualified support from employers for increasing the scope of practice for hygienists.Conclusions: Dentists who worked with hygienists acknowledged their contribution to increasing practice profitability, efficiency and accessibility of dental services to patients. Hygienists and employers supported increasing the scope of dental hygiene practice, however the majority of non‐employers opposed any expansion.
‘Boundary blowup’ type sub‐solutions to semilinear elliptic equations with Hardy potential
Authors: Bandle Catherine , Moroz Vitaly , Reichel Wolfgang 
Published: February 2008

AbstractSemilinear elliptic equations which give rise to solutions blowing up at the boundary are perturbed by a Hardy potential μ/δ(x, ∂Ω)2, where δ(x, ∂Ω) denotes the distance function. The size of this potential affects the existence of a certain type of solutions (large solutions): if μ is too small, then no large solution exists. The presence of the Hardy potential requires a new definition of large solutions, following the pattern of the associated linear problem. Nonexistence and existence results for different types of solutions will be given. Our considerations are based on a Phragmen–Lindelöf type theorem which enables us to classify the solutions and sub‐solutions according to their behavior near the boundary. Nonexistence follows from this principle together with the Keller–Osserman upper bound. The existence proofs rely on sub‐ and super‐solution techniques and on estimates for the Hardy constant derived by Marcus, Mizel and Pinchover [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 350 (1998) 3237–3255].
Fatigue of Drill String Connections
Authors: Brennan F. P. 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
This paper reports full-scale tests on threaded connections used in drill strings. A concise background is given concerning the in-service environment and loading conditions on the connections. This details some of the reasons particular steels are used in preference to others. Crack growth data is given for ten full-scale axial and rotating bend tests. This is compared with predictions from a dedicated weight function fracture mechanics solution designed for threaded connections. Crack aspect ratio is considered with a view to development of an appropriate empirical model.
Effects of CG Location on the Launch Behavior of Free-Fall
Lifeboats
Authors: Nelson J. K. , Fallon D. J. , Hirsch T. J. 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
The free-fall lifeboat was developed to reduce the risk of injury during evacuation in a maritime emergency. It is a generally accepted concept for lifesaving appliances that currently is in use on many ships and offshore platforms. Three concerns during launch of these lifeboats are the attitude of the boat at water entry, the headway immediately after water entry, and the acceleration forces to which the occupants are subjected. Limited quantitative data is available about the behavior of the boats during launch and, in particular, on the effects of mass distribution on the launch behavior of free-fall lifeboats. The purpose of this paper is to discuss quantitatively the launch behavior of free-fall lifeboats, with particular emphasis on the effects of changes in the location of the CG.
Simulation of Time Histories of Second-Order Wave Effects by
Pseudo-Linear Transformation
Authors: Li Y. 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Simulation of the time histories of second-order wave effects is often performed by quadratic transformation of a wave time history. By the present approach, the quadratic transformation of waves is approximated by linear combinations of the products of component wave time records and their Hilbert transforms. The computational efficiency is greatly enhanced. The efficient quadratic transformation of a time history is for the time domain solution of structural dynamic response, and can also be used as a post-processor of the frequency domain solution for obtaining statistic parameters of dynamic response.
Quickwave: An Impulse Algorithm to Calculate Preliminary Design Shear
and Moment Envelopes for Compliant Towers
Authors: Morrison D. G. 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
A novel, simple method to calculate compliant tower (CT) level shear and moment envelopes for preliminary design has been developed, and verified by comparing with rigorous 3-D tower analyses. The approach relies on a vast experience base to define important features influencing the dynamic response of CTs, and a new closed-form solution for the acceleration (needed to construct design envelopes) of the tower caused by an impulsive-type wave load. The main benefits of the approach are: 1) the designer can iterate and quickly converge on a working preliminary design without resorting to time-consuming computer analyses; 2) the designer can quickly evaluate configurations for different water depths, pile arrangements, payload, steel grade, reserve buoyancy, and well counts.
Comparative Study of Joint Distributions of Primary Wave
Characteristics
Authors: Myrhaug D. , Kva˚lsvold J. 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
A comparative study of joint distributions of wave height and period, as well as wave height and steepness, is presented. The analysis includes two theoretical joint distributions of wave height and wave period. These two distributions are transformed into joint distributions of wave height and wave steepness. The theoretical distributions are compared with measured data, as well as parametric models which are obtained by fitting to the data. The data used for comparison are relatively broad-banded and are obtained from measurements in deep waters on the Norwegian continental shelf. It is found that the theoretical distributions are inadequate to describe the joint distributions of the primary wave characteristics of these broad-band data, and thus it is suggested to use parametric models to describe such data. Finally, the engineering relevance of the joint distribution of wave height and wave steepness is discussed.
Response Statistics of Moored Offshore Structures
Authors: Kinoshita T. , Takase S. 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
This paper discusses the prediction of extreme values for total first and second-order responses of a floating structure moored in random seas. It is hard to estimate the extreme values from time series simulation or experimental data of limited length. Several methods of theoretical estimation of the extreme values are examined. They are the SRSS formula introduced by Naess (1987, 1989), the modified SRSS with a correlation parameter, the SRSS with Naess (1987, 1989) corection factor, the approximate SRSS (Naess, 1989), and the formula proposed by authors previously. The results of those methods are compared, and it is confirmed that the last one is very promising.
Oscillating Flow About Two and Three-Dimensional Bilge
Keels
Authors: Sarpkaya T. , O’Keefe J. L. 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
The paper describes an experimental investigation of the damping provided by bilge keels in an oscillating flow (in a large U-shaped water tunnel). Rectangular and square flat plates were placed adjacent to a solid boundary (with no gap) in order to simulate flow about bilge keels. The single free edge of the rectangular plate and the three free edges of the square plates were beveled to 60-deg angles so as to form sharp edges with included angles of about 60 deg. For comparison, another sharpedged rectangular plate was tested without the wall proximity effects. All plates were held normal to the direction of the ambient flow. The Fourier-averaged drag and inertia coefficients were then calculated as a function of a suitable Keulegan-Carpenter number through the use of the instantaneous force acting on each plate.