bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induce Both Polyclonal Expansion and Differentiation of B Cells Isolated from Healthy Donors and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients
Authors: Traggiai Elisabetta , Volpi Stefano , Schena Francesca , Gattorno Marco , Ferlito Francesca , Moretta Lorenzo , Martini Alberto 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Human bone marrow multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells are progenitor cells that can be expanded in vitro and differentiate into various cells of mesodermal origin. They contribute to the bone marrow reticular niche, where mature B cells and long-lived plasma cells are maintained. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells were recently shown to modulate T- and B-cell proliferation and differentiation, dendritic cell maturation, and natural killer activity. These immunoregulatory properties encouraged a possible use of these cells to modulate autoimmune responses in humans. We studied the influence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on highly purified B-cell subsets isolated from healthy donors and total B cells from pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promoted proliferation and differentiation into immunoglobulin-secreting cells of transitional and naïve B cells stimulated with an agonist of Toll-like receptor 9, in the absence of B cell receptor triggering. They strongly enhanced proliferation and differentiation into plasma cells of memory B-cell populations. A similar effect was observed in response to polyclonal stimulation of B cells isolated from pediatric patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. This study casts important questions on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells as a therapeutic tool in autoimmune diseases in which B-cell activation is crucially implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor (PPAR)δ Promotes Reversal of Multiple Metabolic Abnormalities, Reduces Oxidative Stress, and Increases Fatty Acid Oxidation in Moderately Obese Men
Authors: Risérus Ulf , Sprecher Dennis , Johnson Tony , Olson Eric , Hirschberg Sandra , Liu Aixue , Fang Zeke , Hegde Priti , Richards Duncan , Sarov-Blat Leli , Strum Jay C. , Basu Samar , Cheeseman Jane , Fielding Barbara A. , Humphreys Sandy M. , Danoff Theodore , Moore Niall R. , Murgatroyd Peter , O'Rahilly Stephen , Sutton Pauline , Willson Tim , Hassall David , Frayn Keith N. , Karpe Fredrik 
Published: November 2007

OBJECTIVE— Pharmacological use of peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor (PPAR)δ agonists and transgenic overexpression of PPARδ in mice suggest amelioration of features of the metabolic syndrome through enhanced fat oxidation in skeletal muscle. We hypothesize a similar mechanism operates in humans.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— The PPARδ agonist (10 mg o.d. GW501516), a comparator PPARα agonist (20 μg o.d. GW590735), and placebo were given in a double-blind, randomized, three-parallel group, 2-week study to six healthy moderately overweight subjects in each group. Metabolic evaluation was made before and after treatment including liver fat quantification, fasting blood samples, a 6-h meal tolerance test with stable isotope fatty acids, skeletal muscle biopsy for gene expression, and urinary isoprostanes for global oxidative stress.
RESULTS— Treatment with GW501516 showed statistically significant reductions in fasting plasma triglycerides (−30%), apolipoprotein B (−26%), LDL cholesterol (−23%), and insulin (−11%), whereas HDL cholesterol was unchanged. A 20% reduction in liver fat content (P &lt; 0.05) and 30% reduction in urinary isoprostanes (P = 0.01) were also observed. Except for a lowering of triglycerides (−30%, P &lt; 0.05), none of these changes were observed in response to GW590735. The relative proportion of exhaled CO2 directly originating from the fat content of the meal was increased (P &lt; 0.05) in response to GW501516, and skeletal muscle expression of carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1b (CPT1b) was also significantly increased.
CONCLUSIONS— The PPARδ agonist GW501516 reverses multiple abnormalities associated with the metabolic syndrome without increasing oxidative stress. The effect is probably caused by increased fat oxidation in skeletal muscle.
Palilalia
Authors: BOLLER FRANCOIS , ALBERT MARTIN , DENES FRANCO 
Published: November 2007

SummaryPalilalia, a disorder of speech characterised by compulsive repetition of a phrase or word, is not a rare phenomenon but is seldom mentioned in modern literature. This paper describes two patients, mother and son, affected by palilalia. Both patients had bilateral lesions affecting the basal ganglia and the grey matter of the hemispheres. In these cases as in others described in the literature, palilalia is felt to be due to bilateral lesions and to represent the speech counterpart of other motor phenomena such as festination or chorea.
Compensatory vowel articulation of the glossectomee: acoustic and videofluoroscopic evidence
Authors: Morrish Liz 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn acoustic and articulatory study is made of the vowels of two highly intelligible total glossectomees. The subjects show a truncated acoustic vowel diagram; the frequency of F1 for the vowels /i, e, a, o, u/ corresponds to that of normal speakers, but the frequency range of F2 is much reduced. The male glossectomee's ability to vary the shape of the vocal tract is examined by means of videofluoroscopy. It is found that compensatory articulation for the total glossectomy is achieved by means of exaggerated use of articulators, e.g. jaw, pharynx and epiglottis, and by use of articulators not usually implicated in glossectomised speech, e.g. the grafted flap in the oral tract.
Reports of COVID-19 Vaccine Adverse Events in Predominantly Republican vs Democratic States
Authors: Asch David A. , Luo Chongliang , Chen Yong 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceAntivaccine sentiment is increasingly associated with conservative political positions. Republican-inclined states exhibit lower COVID-19 vaccination rates, but the association between political inclination and reported vaccine adverse events (AEs) is unexplored.ObjectiveTo assess whether there is an association between state political inclination and the reporting rates of COVID-19 vaccine AEs.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used the AE reports after COVID-19 vaccination from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) database from 2020 to 2022, with reports after influenza vaccines from 2019 to 2022 used as a reference. These reports were examined against state-level percentage of Republican votes in the 2020 US presidential election.ExposureState-level percentage of Republican votes in the 2020 US presidential election.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRates of any AE among COVID-19 vaccine recipients, rates of any severe AE among vaccine recipients, and the proportion of AEs reported as severe.ResultsA total of 620 456 AE reports (mean [SD] age of vaccine recipients, 51.8 [17.6] years; 435 797 reports from women [70.2%]; a vaccine recipient could potentially file more than 1 report, so reports are not necessarily from unique individuals) for COVID-19 vaccination were identified from the VAERS database. Significant associations between state political inclination and state AE reporting were observed for all 3 outcomes: a 10% increase in Republican voting was associated with increased odds of AE reports (odds ratio [OR], 1.05; 95% CI, 1.05-1.05; P &amp;lt; .001), severe AE reports (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.24-1.26; P &amp;lt; .001), and the proportion of AEs reported as severe (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.20-1.22; P &amp;lt; .001). These associations were seen across all age strata in stratified analyses and were more pronounced among older subpopulations.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cross-sectional study found that the more states were inclined to vote Republican, the more likely their vaccine recipients or their clinicians reported COVID-19 vaccine AEs. These results suggest that either the perception of vaccine AEs or the motivation to report them was associated with political inclination.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Clinical, and Biopsy Findings in Suspected Prostate Cancer
Authors: Haj-Mirzaian Arya , Burk Kristine S. , Lacson Ronilda , Glazer Daniel I. , Saini Sanjay , Kibel Adam S. , Khorasani Ramin 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceMultiple strategies integrating magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical data have been proposed to determine the need for a prostate biopsy in men with suspected clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) (Gleason score ≥3 + 4). However, inconsistencies across different strategies create challenges for drawing a definitive conclusion.ObjectiveTo determine the optimal prostate biopsy decision-making strategy for avoiding unnecessary biopsies and minimizing the risk of missing csPCa by combining MRI Prostate Imaging Reporting &amp;amp; Data System (PI-RADS) and clinical data.Data SourcesPubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from inception to July 1, 2022.Study SelectionEnglish-language studies that evaluated men with suspected but not confirmed csPCa who underwent MRI PI-RADS followed by prostate biopsy were included. Each study had proposed a biopsy plan by combining PI-RADS and clinical data.Data Extraction and SynthesisStudies were independently assessed for eligibility for inclusion. Quality of studies was appraised using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Mixed-effects meta-analyses and meta-regression models with multimodel inference were performed. Reporting of this study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline.Main Outcomes and MeasuresIndependent risk factors of csPCa were determined by performing meta-regression between the rate of csPCa and PI-RADS and clinical parameters. Yields of different biopsy strategies were assessed by performing diagnostic meta-analysis.ResultsThe analyses included 72 studies comprising 36 366 patients. Univariable meta-regression showed that PI-RADS 4 (β-coefficient [SE], 7.82 [3.85]; P = .045) and PI-RADS 5 (β-coefficient [SE], 23.18 [4.46]; P &amp;lt; .001) lesions, but not PI-RADS 3 lesions (β-coefficient [SE], −4.08 [3.06]; P = .19), were significantly associated with a higher risk of csPCa. When considered jointly in a multivariable model, prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) was the only clinical variable significantly associated with csPCa (β-coefficient [SE], 15.50 [5.14]; P &amp;lt; .001) besides PI-RADS 5 (β-coefficient [SE], 9.19 [3.33]; P &amp;lt; .001). Avoiding biopsy in patients with lesions with PI-RADS category of 3 or less and PSAD less than 0.10 (vs &amp;lt;0.15) ng/mL2 resulted in reducing 30% (vs 48%) of unnecessary biopsies (compared with performing biopsy in all suspected patients), with an estimated sensitivity of 97% (vs 95%) and number needed to harm of 17 (vs 15).Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that in patients with suspected csPCa, patient-tailored prostate biopsy decisions based on PI-RADS and PSAD could prevent unnecessary procedures while maintaining high sensitivity.
Energy Management in Chemical Industry
Authors: Asprion Norbert , Giesa Sonja , Mairhofer Jonas , Poth Nikolaus , Reble Marcus , Rüther Joachim 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe article contains sections titled:1Introduction2Sustainability and Energy Management2.1Feedstock and Energy Supply for the Chemical Industry2.1.1Current Feedstock Supply2.1.2Current Energy Supply2.1.3Alternative Feedstock Supply2.1.4Alternative Energy Supply2.2Regulatory Aspects2.3Process Design Objectives3Energy Management in Chemical Process Operations3.1Process Development3.1.1Process Synthesis3.1.2Development of New Processes3.1.3Reevaluation of Existing Processes3.2Plant Design3.2.1Exergy Analysis and Multicriteria Optimization3.2.2Process Operation Parameters3.2.3Pinch Technology3.3Equipment Design3.3.1Design of Distillation Columns3.3.2Heat Exchanger Design3.4Plant Operation3.4.1Control Design and Strategy3.4.2Plant Information Systems3.4.3Electrical Energy3.5Production Site Management4ConclusionList of AbbreviationsReferences
Self‐Signal‐Triggered Drug Delivery System for Tumor Therapy Using Cancer Cell Membrane‐Coated Biocompatible Mn3O4 Nanocomposites
Authors: Karthika Viswanathan , Jo Sung‐Han , Yadav Sonyabapu , Reddy Obireddy Sreekanth , Lim Hae Gyun , Lee Won‐Ki , Park Sang‐Hyug , Lim Kwon Taek 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn anti‐cancer metastasis treatment, precise drug delivery to cancer cells remains a challenge. Innovative nanocomposites are developed to tackle these issues effectively. The approach involves the creation of manganese oxide (Mn3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) and their functionalization using trisodium citrate to yield functionalized Mn3O4 NPs (F‐Mn3O4 NPs), with enhanced water solubility, stability, and biocompatibility. Subsequently, the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) is encapsulated with Mn3O4 NPs, resulting in DOX/Mn3O4 NPs. To achieve cell‐specific targeting, These NPs are coated with HeLa cell membranes (HCM), forming HCM/DOX/Mn3O4. For further refinement, a transferrin (Tf) receptor is integrated with cracked HCM to create Tf‐HCM/DOX/Mn3O4 nanocomposites (NC) with specific cell membrane targeting capabilities. The resulting Tf‐HCM/DOX/Mn3O4 NC exhibits excellent drug encapsulation efficiency (97.5%) and displays triggered drug release when exposed to NIR laser irradiation in the tumor's environment (pH 5.0 and 6.5). Furthermore, these nanocomposites show resistance to macrophage uptake and demonstrate homotypic cancer cell targeting specificity, even in the presence of other tumor cells. In vitro toxicity tests show that Tf‐HCM/DOX/Mn3O4 NC achieves significant anticancer activity against HeLa and BT20 cancer cells, with percentages of 76.46% and 71.36%, respectively. These results indicate the potential of Tf‐HCM/DOX/Mn3O4 NC as an effective nanoplatform for chemo‐photothermal therapy.
Label‐Free Visualization and Morphological Profiling of Neuronal Differentiation and Axonal Degeneration through Quantitative Phase Imaging
Authors: Kim Jeong Hee , Cetinkaya‐Fisgin Aysel , Zahn Noah , Sari Mehmet Can , Hoke Ahmet , Barman Ishan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the intricate processes of neuronal growth, degeneration, and neurotoxicity is paramount for unraveling nervous system function and holds significant promise in improving patient outcomes, especially in the context of chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). These processes are influenced by a broad range of entwined events facilitated by chemical, electrical, and mechanical signals. The progress of each process is inherently linked to phenotypic changes in cells. Currently, the primary means of demonstrating morphological changes rely on measurements of neurite outgrowth and axon length. However, conventional techniques for monitoring these processes often require extensive preparation to enable manual or semi‐automated measurements. Here, a label‐free and non‐invasive approach is employed for monitoring neuronal differentiation and degeneration using quantitative phase imaging (QPI). Operating on unlabeled specimens and offering little to no phototoxicity and photobleaching, QPI delivers quantitative maps of optical path length delays that provide an objective measure of cellular morphology and dynamics. This approach enables the visualization and quantification of axon length and other physical properties of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuronal cells, allowing greater understanding of neuronal responses to stimuli simulating CIPN conditions. This research paves new avenues for the development of more effective strategies in the clinical management of neurotoxicity.
Stretchable Multifunctional Polydimethylsiloxane Composites with Cage‐Like Conductive Architecture for Integrated Thermosensitive and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performance
Authors: Tian Ke , Qin Tian , Li Qianyang , Chen Chuanliang , Dai Zijian , Wei Xin , Fu Qiang , Deng Hua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHigh‐performance sensors with outstanding sensitivity, wide working range, and multifunctional properties are highly desirable in modern integrated smart wearable electronics. Herein, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)‐based stretchable pyroresistive sensors composed of tightly‐assembled silver nanowires (Ag NWs)‐encapsulated PDMS microspheres (PM) and expandable microspheres (EM) are fabricated. The synergistic cage‐like conductive network and EM endow the temperature sensor with tunable sensitivity (Max TCR: 27.4% °C−1), broad sensing range (25–85 °C), low perception limit (0.1 °C), and excellent anti‐interference ability. Interestingly, at elevated temperature field (> 90 °C), a remarkable conduction‐insulation transition is observed, which is employed to facilitate an early fire alarm system. In addition, the selectively distributed Ag NWs constructs segregated conductive pathways at an ultralow content (Pc = 0.014 vol%), leading to efficient electromagnetic interference shielding (40.0 dB). The underlying mechanism responsible for the observed superior thermosensation and EMI shielding performance is elucidated, and possible applications are demonstrated. Consequently, this work offers a novel strategy for the design of flexible, multifunctional pyroresistive sensors toward artificial intelligence and emerging wearable electronics.
Intensifying the Supported Ruthenium Metallic Bond to Boost the Interfacial Hydrogen Spillover Toward pH‐Universal Hydrogen Evolution Catalysis
Authors: Chen Ya , Liu Yaoda , Li Lei , Sakthivel Thangavel , Guo Zhixin , Dai Zhengfei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe effectuation of pH‐universal electrocatalysis is highly attractive but still challenging for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). It appeals for not only the facilitated electron transport but also the kinetical proton mass transfer. In this study, a via‐hole Ru/MoO2 confined heterostructure is profiled as a metal‐support platform for the electron/mass transfer‐boosted pH‐universal HER studies. It is indicated that the as‐formed Ru─O─Mo bridge can modulate the electronic transport at the interface, and the proton adsorption and transfer are kinetically derived by the intensified metallic Ru─Ru bond. Resultantly, the Ru/MoO2 heterostructure stably attains the Pt‐beyond HER activity with an ultralow overpotential of 9.2 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in 1 m KOH, and also achieves the competitive HER activity and stability in the acidic/neutral electrolytes. Both the experimental and computational results reveal the accelerated HER kinetics is attributable to the intensive mass transfer through the interfacial Ru→MoO2 hydrogen spillover effect. This work opens up the opportunities to rationalize the advanced metal‐support HER electrocatalysts through the interfacial hydrogen spillover effect and metallic bond engineering.
Deciphering UVA/Riboflavin Collagen Crosslinking: A Pathway to Improve Biomedical Materials
Authors: Fan Lu , Jung Ole , Herrmann Markus , Shirokikh Marina , Stojanovic Sanja , Najman Stevo , Körte Fabian , Xiong Xin , Schenke‐Layland Katja , Barbeck Mike 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCollagen crosslinking employing ultraviolet A rays and riboflavin (UVA/R) has emerged as a pivotal technique in clinical therapies, especially in ophthalmology since the 1990s. Despite its clinical adoption, the lack of clarity of the detailed mechanism and the imperative for a refined manufacturing process necessitates further investigation. This study advances the understanding of UVA/R crosslinked collagen, concentrating on identifying the primary crosslinking sites using seven synthetic peptides and exploring the pathways of riboflavin‐mediated crosslinking. The results demonstrate that tyrosine residues are key crosslinking sites, and riboflavin plays a dual role as both a catalyst and a competitive inhibitor in the crosslinking process. Furthermore, the UVA/R crosslinked collagen matrix exhibits a more harmonious balance between stability and degradability compared with chemically crosslinked collagen matrices, coupled with superior mechanical properties and augmented biocompatibility. In vivo experiments further validate its excellent biocompatibility, reduced tissue inflammation, and promotion of tissue regeneration. The research provides crucial insights into collagen crosslinking mechanisms, paving the way for the development of sophisticated collagen‐based biomaterials tailored for biomedical applications.
Interfacial Dual‐Modulation via Cationic Electrostatic Shielding and Anionic Preferential Adsorption toward Planar and Reversible Zinc Electrodeposition
Authors: Tang Huan , Hu Nan , Ma Linxiang , Weng Haofan , Huang Dan , Zhu Jinliang , Yang Hao , Chen Zhengjun , Yin Xucai , Xu Jing , He Huibing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRechargeable aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) with low cost and high safety arouse most promises as next‐generation energy storage configurations. Yet the heterogeneous electric field distributions and interfacial side reactions are considered stumbling roadblocks toward the commercialization of ZIBs. Here, these challenges via cationic electrostatic shielding and anionic preferential adsorption by sodium gluconate (SG) additive are addressed. The polar functional groups (─COO−) of SG anions preferentially anchor to the Zn anode, which can alter Zn2+ migration pathways and restrain side reactions. Moreover, as per the smaller effective reduction potential, the separated cations (Na+) from SG serve as a dynamic armor to provide strong electrostatic shielding effect for uniform Zn2+ deposition on the [002] crystal plane, radically eliminating Zn dendrite growth and promoting anti‐corrosion behaviors of Zn. Consequently, the Zn//Zn symmetric cell with modified electrolyte confers a lifespan of up to 600 h at a high 80% depth of discharge. Furthermore, even under a record‐low negative/positive ratio of 2.11 and lean electrolyte of 30 µL mAh−1, the Zn//VOX full cell remains enhanced capacity retention of 84.37% even after 800 cycles at 1 A g−1. This work develops an interfacial dual‐modulation strategy and provides unique insights to enlighten the practical application of ZIBs.
Tetrahedral DNA‐Based Functional MicroRNA‐21 Delivery System: Application to Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing
Authors: Li Yulin , Wang Shu , Dong Yueyan , Jin Xin , Wang Jingrao , Zhang Hong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCorneal injury occurs frequently which may lead to serious visual impairment. Rapid and efficient re‐epithelialization after corneal epithelial injury is the key issue for maintaining corneal homeostasis. Among various treatment strategies, microRNA (miR)‐based therapy shows great potential. However, structural limitations of miRNAs hinder its biomedical functionality. Nucleic acid nanotechnology is an appealing candidate for gene delivery because of its flexible modification and excellent biocompatibility. Herein, modified 3D tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) utilized as gene carriers for miR‐21 delivery are constructed. TFNAs‐miR‐21 (T‐21) shows great enzymatic resistance in extracellular environment and payload delivery into human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) via clathrin‐mediated endocytosis. T‐21 facilitates proliferation and migration in HCECs via activating PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in vitro. In vivo studies, T‐21 can be internalized by corneal epithelium in mice. In the mice corneal scratch model, T‐21 ophthalmic solutions used as eye drops show no apparent side effects on the ocular surface histologically and exert great potential in accelerating corneal wound healing. These findings demonstrate that modified tFNAs are promising candidates for miRNA delivery for corneal wound healing. The convenient administration and great biocompatibility of tetrahedral DNA nanoparticles highlight its potential as gene transporter in solving ocular problems.