bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chitosan nanoparticles for loading of toothpaste actives and adhesion on tooth analogs
Authors: Liu Hui , Chen Bo , Mao Zhengwei , Gao Changyou 
Published: September 2007

AbstractDelivery and sustained release of toothpaste actives is an important but unexplored area. In this work, chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by a water‐in‐oil emulsion/glutaraldehyde crosslinking method. The typical number average diameter of chitosan and toothpaste active (cetylpyridiniumchloride and NaF) nanoparticles was within the range of 100–500 nm. The particles increased their size at higher pH value. The morphology, adherence, and stability of these nanoparticles were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The size of the chitosan/NaF nanoparticles was doubled after they were stored at 4°C for 20 days, and then kept constant till 251 days, the examined time so far. These particles showed good stability in toothpaste lixivium after incubated at 60°C for 30 days too. By contrast, the chitosan/cetylpyridiniumchloride nanoparticles were easy to form floccules in the toothpaste lixivium. The loaded toothpaste actives showed a sustained released behavior for at least 10 h. All the particles could adhere onto the tooth analogs such as hydroxyapatite discs and glass slides in a simulated brushing and rinsing process. In vitro cell culture did not find any cytotoxicity of the as‐prepared chitosan nanoparticles. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
The generalized dependency degree between attributes
Authors: Yang Haixuan , King Irwin , Lyu Michael R. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractInspired by the dependency degree γ, a traditional measure in Rough Set Theory, we propose a generalized dependency degree, Γ, between two given sets of attributes, which counts both deterministic and indeterministic rules while γ counts only deterministic rules. We first give its definition in terms of equivalence relations and then interpret it in terms of minimal rules, and further describe the algorithm for its computation. To understand Γ better, we investigate its various properties. We further extend Γ to incomplete information systems. To show its advantage, we make a comparative study with the conditional entropy and γ in a number of experiments. Experimental results show that the speed of the new C4.5 using Γ is greatly improved when compared with the original C4.5R8 using conditional entropy, while the prediction accuracy and tree size of the new C4.5 are comparable with the original one. Moreover, Γ achieves better results on attribute selection than γ. The study shows that the generalized dependency degree is an informative measure in decision trees and in attribute selection.
Language‐modeling kernel based approach for information retrieval
Authors: Xie Ying , Raghavan Vijay V. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn this presentation, we propose a novel integrated information retrieval approach that provides a unified solution for two challenging problems in the field of information retrieval. The first problem is how to build an optimal vector space corresponding to users' different information needs when applying the vector space model. The second one is how to smoothly incorporate the advantages of machine learning techniques into the language modeling approach. To solve these problems, we designed
the language‐modeling kernel function, which has all the modeling powers provided by language modeling techniques. In addition, for each information need, this kernel function automatically determines an optimal vector space, for which a discriminative learning machine, such as the support vector machine, can be applied to find an optimal decision boundary between relevant and nonrelevant documents. Large‐scale experiments on standard test‐beds show that our approach makes significant
improvements over other state‐of‐the‐art information
retrieval methods.
Estimating the top‐of‐atmosphere longwave radiative forcing due to Saharan dust from satellite observations over a west African surface site
Authors: Brindley H. E. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis paper presents a methodology for estimating the longwave top‐of‐atmosphere direct radiative forcing due to Saharan dust aerosol from satellite observations made by the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) and Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) instruments. Narrow‐band observations from SEVIRI are used to detect dust presence and quantify its loading, while GERB provides an estimate of the dust impact on the total outgoing longwave radiation. Applying the technique to observations made over the Banizoumbou surface station in Niger through March–June 2006 indicates a midday longwave forcing efficiency of 17 ± 5 W m−2 per unit aerosol optical depth. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society
Randomized clinical trial of the effect of preoperative oral carbohydrate treatment on postoperative whole-body protein and glucose kinetics
Authors: Svanfeldt M , Thorell A , Hausel J , Soop M , Rooyackers O , Nygren J , Ljungqvist O 
Published: September 2007

Abstract

Background
Preoperative oral carbohydrate (CHO) reduces postoperative insulin resistance. In this randomized trial, the effect of CHO on postoperative whole-body protein turnover was studied.

Methods
Glucose and protein kinetics ([6,62H2]D-glucose, [2H5]phenylalanine, [2H2]tyrosine and [2H4]tyrosine) and substrate oxidation (indirect calorimetry) were studied at baseline and during hyperinsulinaemic normoglycaemic clamping before and on the first day after colorectal resection. Fifteen patients were randomized to receive a preoperative beverage with high (125 mg/ml) or low (25 mg/ml) CHO content.

Results
Three patients were excluded after the intervention, leaving six patients in each group. After surgery whole-body protein balance did not change in the high oral CHO group, whereas it was more negative in the low oral CHO group after surgery at baseline (P = 0·003) and during insulin stimulation (P = 0·005). Insulin-stimulated endogenous glucose release was similar before and after surgery in the high oral CHO group, but was higher after surgery in the low oral CHO group (P = 0·013) and compared with the high oral CHO group (P = 0·044).

Conclusion
Whole-body protein balance and the suppressive effect of insulin on endogenous glucose release are better maintained when patients receive a CHO-rich beverage before surgery.
Mental disorder, substance misuse and violent behaviour: the Swedish experience of caring for the triply troubled
Authors: Lindqvist Per 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBackground Professional standards in psychiatry, especially concerning the care of people with the combined clinical presentation of psychiatric symptoms, substance misuse and violent behaviour – the ‘triply troubled’, have been subject to much criticism in Sweden.Aims To present the current Swedish situation concerning treatment and care of ‘the triply troubled’ and to discuss future development.Methods Analysis of official government documents and contemporary literature as a basis for a personal assessment of the current state of the art.Results Due to the work of a government task force, the National Psychiatric Services Commission, considerable improvements have been seen for treating substance‐abusing mentally disordered people who are not aggressively or criminally inclined. This is less true for ‘the triply troubled’.Conclusion/implications The ‘triply troubled’ should be given higher priority in mental health services and there is a salient need for more extensive professional training, service improvement, method development and overarching coordination and planning for these people. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
What works in substance misuse treatments for offenders?
Authors: McMurran Mary 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBackground The prevalence of problematic drinkers and drug users in correctional services of England and Wales is high, with implications not only for the health of prisoners, but also for substance‐related crime. For most illicit drug users, the biggest criminological concern is acquisitive offending to fund the habit, whereas with alcohol it is violence and disorder. There is clearly a strong need in correctional services for treatment for both drug and alcohol use. What works in substance misuse treatments for offenders?Findings This review shows that the evidence is strongest for the effectiveness of therapeutic communities and cognitive‐behavioural therapies. Purely behavioural therapies are ineffective, as are boot camps and group counselling. Maintenance prescription for offenders addicted to heroin, especially if combined with psychological treatment, shows promise. Arrest‐referral schemes, court‐mandated drug rehabilitation and drug courts can be effective, but improvements in multi‐agency working are also necessary.Conclusions There is evidence that treatment for substance abuse in correctional settings can work to reduce reoffending, and so it is worth focusing on how the effectiveness of these interventions may be improved. Improving completion rates, developing programmes aimed at specific drug‐ and alcohol‐related offences, introducing stepped care and designing programmes to meet the needs of specific groups of offenders are all considered. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pharmacological issues in the management of people with mental illness and problems with alcohol and illicit drug misuse
Authors: Hilton Trudi 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBackground While there is plentiful information on the pharmacological management of detoxification from alcohol and on withdrawal from or maintenance of opiates for people with a principal problem of substance misuse or dependency, the pharmacological management of substance misusers presenting with a mental illness can be more complicated. Mental health and substance misuse services tend to be separate, but there is now a drive to increase effective overlap between them by equipping mental health clinicians with the skills and confidence to manage substance misuse disorders in conjunction with major mental illness.Aims This paper aims to highlight, for a multi‐professional readership, some of the prescribing options and precautions to consider when psychotropic medicines are prescribed for treatment of a mental illness in someone who may continue to use illicit substances or alcohol. It also considers interactions with the completely licit substances, nicotine and caffeine. With recent legislation prohibiting smoking in public places people are likely to reduce or stop smoking, which can have a substantial effect on the levels of medication in their blood. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Theoretical Study of the Inner‐Sphere Disproportionation Reaction Mechanism of the Pentavalent Actinyl Ions
Authors: Steele Helen , Taylor Robin J. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Experimental Electron Density of the Complex Carbides Sc3[Fe(C2)2] and Sc3[Co(C2)2].
Authors: Rohrmoser Benjamin , Eickerling Georg , Presnitz Manuel , Scherer Wolfgang , Eyert Volker , Hoffmann Rolf‐Dieter , Rodewald Ute Ch. , Vogt Christian , Poettgen Rainer 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Spectroscopic and Computational Investigation of the Vanadomolybdate Local Structure in the Lyonsite Phase Mg2.5VMoO8.
Authors: Smit Jared P. , Kim Hack‐Sung , Saratovsky Ian , Stark Klaus B. , Fitzgerald George , Zajac Gerry W. , Gaillard Jean‐Francois , Poeppelmeier Kenneth R. , Stair Peter C. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Preparation of a Blue Luminescent Nanosheet Derived from Layered Perovskite Bi2SrTa2O9.
Authors: Ida Shintaro , Ogata Chikako , Unal Ugur , Izawa Kazuyoshi , Inoue Taishi , Altuntasoglu Ozge , Matsumoto Yasumichi 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Photoluminescence and Crystal Structure of Green‐Emitting Phosphor CaSc2O4:Ce3+.
Authors: Shimomura Yasuo , Kurushima Tomoyuki , Kijima Naoto 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Porous Semiconducting Gels and Aerogels from Chalcogenide Clusters.
Authors: Bag Santanu , Trikalitis Pantelis N. , Chupas Peter J. , Armatas Gerasimos S. , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Dependence of Activity and Stability of Germanium Nitride Powder for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting on Structural Properties.
Authors: Maeda Kazuhiko , Saito Nobuo , Inoue Yasunobu , Domen Kazunari 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Phase Stability, Structural Evolution and Magnetic Properties of Sc(1‐x)LuxVO3 (0.0 ≤ x 1.0).
Authors: Lundgren Rylan J. , Cranswick Lachlan M. D. , Bieringer Mario 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Solvent Effects on the Reactions of Copper Chlorides with OP(NH‐tBu)3. Formation of the Novel [Cu5Cl10]5‐ Anion via in situ Templation.
Authors: Fu Zhiyong , Chivers Tristram 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantioselective Reductive Coupling of Acetylene to N‐Arylsulfonyl Imines via Rhodium Catalyzed C—C Bond‐Forming Hydrogenation: (Z)‐Dienyl Allylic Amines.
Authors: Skucas Eduardas , Kong Jong Rock , Krische Michael J. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantioselective Synthesis of C2‐Symmetric Dimethyl Cyclohexadienedicarboxylates Through Cationic Rhodium(I)/Modified‐BINAP‐Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloadditions.
Authors: Tanaka Ken , Nishida Goushi , Sagae Hiromi , Hirano Masao 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of a New Chiral Amino Phosphine Ligand (TIQN) and Its Application in the Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation (AAA) Reaction.
Authors: Feng Jianqing , Bohle D. Scott , Li Chao‐Jun 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Methanolysis of Cyclic meso‐Anhydrides with Tripodal 2,6‐trans‐1,2,6‐Trisubstituted Piperidine as Chiral Amine Catalyst.
Authors: Okamatsu Tohru , Irie Ryo , Katsuki Tsutomu 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
[4 + 2] Cyclization Reactions of Chiral Cβ‐Substituted Fischer Alkenyl Carbene Complexes: Efficient Synthesis of Enantiopure Cyclohexenone and Norbornene Derivatives.
Authors: Barluenga Jose , Gomez Aranzazu , de Prado Ana , Panday Narendra , Santamaria Javier , Tomas Miguel 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Mesoporous Aluminosilicate Promoted Alcoholysis of Epoxides.
Authors: Robinson Mathew W. C. , Buckle Richard , Mabbett Ian , Grant Gemma M. , Graham Andrew E. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Highly Regioselective C(3) Opening of an Aromatic 2,3‐Epoxy Alcohol with Sodium Phenoxides or Thiophenoxides (= Benzenethiolates) Supported by β‐Cyclodextrin in Water.
Authors: Narender Mendu , Reddy Majjigapu Somi , Nageswar Yadavalli Venkata Durga , Rao Kakulapati Rama 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Mercury‐Catalyzed Rearrangement of Ketoximes into Amides and Lactams in Acetonitrile.
Authors: Ramalingan Chennan , Park Yong‐Tae 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Polyacrylamide‐Based Functional Polymer‐Immobilized Perruthenate for Aerobic Alcohol Oxidation.
Authors: Hamamoto Hiromi , Kudoh Masahiro , Takahashi Hideyo , Natsugari Hideaki , Ikegami Shiro 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Aqueous Media Oxidation of Alcohols with Ammonium Persulfate.
Authors: Imanzadeh Gholam Hassan , Zamanloo Mohammad R. , Mansoori Yaghoob , Khodayari Ali 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Approach for Size‐ and Shape‐Controlled Preparation of Pd Nanoparticles with Organic Ligands. Synthesis and Application in Catalysis.
Authors: Ananikov Valentine P. , Orlov Nikolay V. , Beletskaya Irina P. , Khrustalev Victor N. , Antipin Mikhail Yu. , Timofeeva Tatiana V. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Selective Lithiation of 1,6‐Dihalohex‐1‐enes and 1,6‐Dihalohex‐1‐ynes.
Authors: Abou Abdeslam , Foubelo Francisco , Yus Miguel 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chiral Macrocycle‐Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective Phenylacetylene Addition to Aliphatic and Vinyl Aldehydes.
Authors: Li Zi‐Bo , Liu Tian‐Dong , Pu Lin 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
α‐Amidation of Cyclic Ethers Catalyzed by Simple Copper Salt and a Mild and Efficient Preparation Method for α,ω‐Amino Alcohols.
Authors: He Ling , Yu Jing , Zhang Ji , Yu Xiao‐Qi 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A New Method for the Synthesis of Dithiocarbamates by CuI‐Catalyzed Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Liu Yunyun , Bao Weiliang 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Functionalized Nanodiamonds. Part 7. Simple Preparation of Diamondoid 1,3‐Dienes via Oxetane Ring Opening.
Authors: Fokin Andrey A. , Butova Ekaterina D. , Chernish Lesya V. , Fokina Natalie A. , Dahl Jeremy E. P. , Carlson Robert M. K. , Schreiner Peter R. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Hydrogenation of α‐Hydroxy Ketones Catalyzed by MsDPEN—Cp*Ir(III) Complex.
Authors: Ohkuma Takeshi , Utsumi Noriyuki , Watanabe Masahito , Tsutsumi Kunihiko , Arai Noriyoshi , Murata Kunihiko 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Improved General Method for Palladium‐Catalyzed Alkenylations and Alkynylations of Aryl Halides under Microwave Conditions.
Authors: Togninelli Andrea , Gevariya Harsukh , Alongi Maddalena , Botta Maurizio 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
FeCl3‐Catalyzed Addition of 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds to Aromatic Olefins.
Authors: Kischel Jette , Michalik Dirk , Zapf Alexander , Beller Matthias 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Indirect ortho Functionalization of Substituted Toluenes Through ortho Olefination of N,N‐Dimethylbenzylamines Tuned by the Acidity of Reaction Conditions.
Authors: Cai Guixin , Fu Ye , Li Yizhou , Wan Xiaobing , Shi Zhangjie 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Reduction of β‐Ketonitriles with a Recombinant Carbonyl Reductase and Enzymatic Transformation to Optically Pure β‐Hydroxy Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Zhu Dunming , Ankati Haribabu , Mukherjee Chandrani , Yang Yan , Biehl Edward R. , Hua Ling 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A New Route to the Synthesis of (E)‐ and (Z)‐2‐Alkene‐4‐ynoates and Nitriles from vic‐Diiodo‐(E)‐alkenes Catalyzed by Pd(0)‐Nanoparticles in Water.
Authors: Ranu Brindaban C. , Chattopadhyay Kalicharan 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.