bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystal Structures and Magnetic Properties of Binuclear Copper(II) Complexes with Alkoxo and Benzoato or Silanecarboxylato Bridges
Authors: Kawata Takashi , Yamanaka Michinari , Ohba Shigeru , Nishida Yuzo , Nagamatsu Megumi , Tokii Tadashi , Kato Michinobu , Steward Omar W 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The crystal structures of the binuclear copper(II) complexes [Cu2(L-ac)(PhCOO)] (1), [Cu2(L-ac)(2-Me–PhCOO)·1/2MeOH (2), [Cu2(L-ac)(2,6-Me2–PhCOO)] (3), [Cu2(L-ac)(2,6-Cl2-PhCOO)]·0.7DMF (4), and [Cu2(L-ac)(Ph2MeSiCOO)] (5) were determined by X-ray diffraction. The ligand H3(L-ac) is a 1 : 2 Schiff base derived from 1,3-diaminopropan-2-ol and acetylacetone. These complexes are antiferromagnetic and their −2J values are (1) 183, (2) 188, (3) 133, (4) 207, and (5) 95 cm−1, respectively. A rough positive correlation between the Cu···Cu distance and the −2J value was observed except for 5. The smaller −2J value of the triorganosilanecarboxylato complex, 5, than the benzoato complexes, 1–4, indicates a stronger orbital countercomplementary effect in 5. The geometrical parameters in the benzoato bridge have a minor effect on the magnitude of the antiferromagnetic interaction.
ESR Spectra and Electronic States of 1,10-Phenanthroline Radical Anions
Authors: Koizumi Terutake , Yokoyama Yukihiro , Morihashi Kenji , Nakayama Mitsunobu , Kikuchi Osamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ESR spectra of the radical anions of 2,9- and 5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthrolines have shown that these radical anions are in the 2B1 state, as is the unsubstituted 1,10-phenanthroline radical anion. MO calculations have indicated that the two lower electronic states of these radical anions, 2B1 and 2A2, lie close to each other, and that the relative stability is largely affected by an interaction with the counter cation.
A Facile Generation and Stereoselective Cycloaddition Reactions of 5,6-Dihydro-5,6-bis(methylene)-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione Intermediate
Authors: Yasue Nobuyuki , Ishikawa Sei-ichi , Noguchi Michihiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The treatment of 5-formyl-1,3,6-trimethyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione (1) with a magnesium salt and DBU in dichloromethane gave the corresponding magnesium dienolate. The dienolate underwent [4+2] cycloaddition reaction with olefinic dienophiles in highly regio- and stereoselective manners.
The Palladium–Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reaction of Enol Acetates of α-Bromo Ketones with 1-Alkenyl-, Aryl-, or Alkylboron Compounds; A Facile Synthesis of Ketones and Their Enol Acetates
Authors: Abe Shigeru , Miyaura Norio , Suzuki Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The synthesis of stereodefined enol acetates of ketones is readily accomplished by palladium–catalyzed cross-coupling reaction between alkyl-, aryl-, or 1-alkylboron reagents with enol acetates of α-bromo ketones. Hydroboration of alkene with 9-BBN, followed by coupling with (Z)-2-ethoxy-1-bromoethene gives the enol ether of aldehyde. These enol acetates and ethers are readily deprotected to give corresponding ketones and aldehydes in high yields.
Crystal Structures of Acrylamide Derivatives : N-t-Butylacrylamide, N-t-Butylmethacrylamide, Dimorphs of N-Phenylmethacrylamide, and N-o-Chlorophenylmethacrylamide
Authors: Kashino Setsuo , Iwamoto Tetsuyuki , Yamamoto Etsuko , Shiraga Tsuyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The crystal structures of N-t-butylacrylamide, N-t-butylmethacrylamide, dimorphs of N-phenylmethacrylamide, and N-o-chlorophenylmethacrylamide have been determined by X-ray diffraction method. In all these crystals the molecules related by a glide plane are held together by an N–H···O hydrogen bond between the amide groups. The difference in the reactivity of the N-arylmethacrylamides in γ-ray induced solid-state polymerization is ascribed to the difference in an intermolecular steric effect for the molecular movement, but not to the difference in the hydrogen-bond type.
Linear Response Polarizability Tensor Theory for Vibrational Circular Dichroism: VCD and IR Absorption Bandshape Calculations of α-Helical and β-Sheet Polypeptides
Authors: Ito Hirotoshi , I’Haya Y J 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Based upon a fixed partial charge approximation of Schellman, we present a linear response polarizability theory for the bandshapes of vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) and vibrational absorption spectra of biopolymers, where a polymer vibrational polarizability tensor is derived from monomer polarizability tensors in terms of Green’s operator method within a dipole–dipole approximation. The new formalism can be easily programmed by utilizing a quite similar algorithm appearing in the polarizability theory regarding electronic CD, which was previously presented. However, the theoretical framework is shown to be essentially the same as that in the excitonic treatment of the secular matrix equation method of Snir, Frankel, and Schellman, and that of their version prescribed by Diem and co-workers as an extended coupled oscillator model. Using the experimental data of the monomer transition moments of the amide I and II bands, the VCD and IR absorption bandshapes were computed for α-helical and β-sheet polypeptides. The computed VCD bandshapes were found to well predict the conformations of polypeptides. We also discuss whether an allowance is necessary or not for multistate interband mixings between constituent monomers in VCD calculations, since it is generally believed that the characteristic bands of constituent monomers can be used as localized probes to detect the conformations of biopolymers, if one follows the assumption of Schellman and co-workers that there are no interband interactions between different levels.
Dehydrogenation of α-Amino Acids Chelated to a Co(III) Ion Yielding α-Imino Acidato Complexes
Authors: Yamaguchi Motowo , Saburi Masahiko , Yoshikawa Sadao , Yamagishi Takamichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The oxidation of the α-amino acidato cobalt(III) complexes with 2,3,2-tet (=3,7-diazanonane-1,9-diamine) or its derivative, where amino acidate ligand was phenylglycinate, alaninate, valinate N-methylalaninate, or prolinate, by potassium permanganate was achieved to yield the corresponding α-imino acidato complexes, [CoIII{N(R1)=C(R2)CO2}(N4)]2+.
Electrooxidation of Catechol in the Presence of 1,3-Dimethylbarbituric Acid at Graphite Anode and Nickel Hydroxide Electrode
Authors: Abdel Azzem Magdi , Zahran Magdi , Hagagg Ezzat 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The controlled potential anodic oxidation of catechol in the presence of 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid was carried out in aqueous solution containing sodium acetate in an undivided cell at graphite anode and nickel hydroxide electrode. In a sequence of Michael addition of the barbiturate to the anodically formed benzoquinone, dispiropyrimidine derivative has been obtained in moderate yield (35—36%). A mechanism has been proposed and confirmed on the basis of CPE product, identification through IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and MS spectroscopy.
Inhibitory Effects and Active Constituents of Alisma Rhizomes on Vascular Contraction Induced by High Concentration of KCl
Authors: Kato Tadahiro , Tomita Masako , Takigawa Miho , Iwasaki Hiroyuki , Hirukawa Toshifumi , Yamahara Johji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The acetone extract of Alisma rhizomes were found to possess inhibitory effects on vascular contraction induced by high concentration of KCl. With the aids of bioassay, the effective components were pursued by purification with chromatographies, resulting in the characterization of six protostane type triterpenes (alisol C and its analogues) and a known sesquiterpene, alismoxide as the active compounds.
Reaction of Methyl Dithiocarbamates with Amines and Hydrazine. Macrocyclization via Dimethyl 2-Oxo-1,3-imidazolidinebis(carbodithioate)
Authors: Fukada Naoaki , Hasegawa Yasuo , Kamiya Yasuo , Yabuta Hidenobu , Takeshima Tatsuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
2-Oxo-1,3-imidazolidinebis(carbothioamide)s and 2,4-dioxo-1-imidazolidinecarbothioamides were prepared by the reaction of dimethyl 2-oxo-1,3-imidazolidinebis(carbodithioate) (1b) and methyl 2,4-dioxo-1-imidazolidinecarbodithioate (2b) with amines, respectively. The reaction of 2-oxazolidone with carbon disulfide gave 2-oxo-3-oxazolidinecarbodithioic acid, the methyl ester of which (4b) led to 2-oxo-3-oxazolidinecarbothioamides. Esters 1b, 2b, and 4b reacted with hydrazine hydrate to give the corresponding thiohydrazides, from which thiosemicarbazone derivatives were obtained. Macrocyclic thioureas were synthesized by the reaction of 1b with aliphatic diamines, polyether-containing diamines, and polyamines.
An FT-IR and TGA Study of the Thermal Oxidation of C60
Authors: Datta Arunabha , Kelkar Ravindra Y , Boroojerdian Parviz , Kulkarni Sulabha K , Datta Monika 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The thermal stability of C60 in pure oxygen has been investigated by in-situ FT-IR and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It is shown that at temperatures of about 250 °C, the C60 loses its spherically symmetric structure and is oxidized to an anhydride type species. The anhydride on exposure to air is converted to an acid which however reverts to the anhydride on heating in a nitrogen or oxygen atmosphere. On heating beyond 250 °C, the C60 is completely oxidized probably to CO and CO2, but this complete oxidation appears to take place in two stages with the anhydride part of the molecule getting oxidized first. It is postulated that the lower oxidative stability of C60 compared to graphite is probably due to the greater reactivity towards oxygen of the pentagon–hexagon junction, compared to the hexagon–hexagon junction, present in C60.
Solvent Effect on Proton Transfer Reaction Rate by Ultrasonic Absorption Method
Authors: Kuramoto Naoki , Ueda Masayuki , Nishikawa Sadakatsu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Some equipment for a resonance method was constructed in order to obtain ultrasonic absorption coefficients in a frequency range less than 10 MHz. Using this apparatus, the measurable frequency range was extended down to 2.5 MHz. No relaxational absorption was observed in an aqueous solution of 2-propanol at 2.70 mol dm−3 in the frequency range from 2.5 to 220 MHz. A relaxational absorption was observed in aqueous solutions of n-propylamine in the presence of 2.70 mol dm−3 2-propanol. The frequency dependence of the absorption coefficient was analyzed by a usual Debye-type relaxational equation. Excellent agreement between calculated and experimental values was obtained in the frequency range measured. The relaxational absorption was attributed to the perturbation of equilibria associated with a proton transfer reaction:

The rate constants and the standard volume change for the first step of the reaction were determined from the concentration dependence of the relaxation frequency and the maximum absorption per wavelength. It was found that the forward rate constant decreased and the standard volume change increased when the values were compared with those in the absence of 2-propanol. The results were discussed in relation to water structure and hindrance for the proton transfer reaction by the additives.
Optical Properties, Thermochromism, and Crystal Structures of the Dimorphs of 2-Iodoanilinium Picrate
Authors: Tanaka Masashi , Matsui Hiroaki , Mizoguchi Jun-ichi , Kashino Setsuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The crystals of 2-iodoanilinium picrate have three polymorphic forms. The crystal structures of the monoclinic form (form I) and the triclinic form (form II) have been determined by the X-ray diffraction method. The crystals of the third form (form III) are unstable. In forms I and II, 2-iodoanilinium cation and picrate anion form a nearly planar pair of these ions with similar geometry of N–H···O hydrogen bond. In form I the pairs related by a translation are stacked to form the segregated columns, in which the same kinds of ions are stacked with each other, while in form II the anions and cations are alternately stacked to form the continuous columns. The thermochromism of these crystals was studied by measuring the polarized visible and IR absorption spectra and the differential scanning calorimetry.
Volumetric Properties of Dilute Aqueous Alcohol Solutions at Different Temperatures
Authors: Sakurai Masao , Nakamura Kunio , Nitta Katsutoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The densities of dilute aqueous solutions of normal alcohols (from methanol to 1-hexanol) and branched-chain alcohols (2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, and 2,2-dimethyl-1-propanol) were measured at 5, 15, 25, 35, and 45 °C by means of an oscillating-tube densimeter. The apparent molar volumes of the alcohols in aqueous solutions were determined. The temperature dependences of the limiting partial molar volume, excess partial molar volume, concentration dependence, and methylene group contribution to volume were discussed. An alternative analysis based on the use of specific units instead of molar units was also attempted. The characteristic volumetric behavior of aqueous alcohol solutions is more pronounced for shorter- or branched-chain alcohols rather than hydrophobic alcohols. There is no definitive evidence that so-called hydrophobic hydration around the alkyl groups of alcohol in water is accompanied by a prominent volume change. The unique properties, such as negative partial molar expansion, may originate from the hydrogen-bonding interactions between water and alcohol OH groups.
Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol by Titania-Supported Palladium Catalyst: Promotive SMSI Effect
Authors: Fan Li , Fujimoto Kaoru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Pd/TiO2 catalyst reduced by flowing hydrogen at 500 °C, appearing with a strong SMSI effect, was found to be an active and selective catalyst for hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol while the catalyst showed poor activity and selectivity if it was reduced below 400 °C.
ON TECTOQUINONE, THE VOLATILE PRINCIPLE OF THE TEAK WOOD
Authors: Kafuku Kinzô , Sebe Keigai 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) Tectoquinone, the volatile crystalline ingredient of the teak wood, which was isolated by R. Romanis in 1887, represents β-methyl-anthraquinone.
(2) Tectoquinone, on oxidation, gives tectonic acid, which is identical with anthraquinone-β-carboxylic acid.
(3) Tectoquinone, on reduction, gives a hydrocarbon ‘tectonene’, which, on examination, was proved to be β-methyl-anthracene.
(4) Tectoquinone, on treatment with zinc and acetic anhydride, gives β-methyl-anthra-hydroquinone diacetate melting at 216–217°C., which is very easy to purify and thus may be used for the purpose of identifying tectoquinone.
(5) β-Methyl-anthra-hydroquinone diacetate, on treatment with alcoholic potash and subsequent exposure to the air, regenerates tectoquinone of highest purity, melting at 176–177°C.
AN EFFECT OF POTASSIUM CYANIDE ON THE OXIDATION-REDUCTION POTENTIAL
Authors: Masaki Kosaku , Ikkatai Takuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) The effect of the existence of potassium cyanide upon the oxidation-reduction potential of potassium ferricyanide and ferrocyanide was investigated.
(2) The investigation was performed in the hydrogen atmosphere in the dark room to avoid the atmospheric oxidation and the photochemical decomposition.
(3) The result can be expressed approximately by the following empirical formula at 30°C. E=0.4660+0.0601logK^0.59where K is the concentration of potassium cyanide, and each concentration of potassium ferricyanide and potassium ferrocyanide is 0.01 mol. respectively.
INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE COAGULATION OF SILVER HALIDE SOLS AND OF ARSENIC TRISULFIDE SOL
Authors: Katsurai Tominosuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) The coagulation of silver halide sols which takes place when they were subjected to heating in an autoclave was studied. It was observed that the sols prepared by using an excess of potassium halide, especially the AgJ-sol in an excess of potassium iodide, were most stable against the action of heat.
(2) The arsenic trisulfide sol from which hydrogen sulfide was removed shows noticeable coagulation at 180° and 200°C. This behaviour is quite different from that of the sol from which hydrogen sulfide was not removed.
(3) The light absorptions of arsenic trisulfide sols, one which is free from hydrogen sulfide and the other containing hydrogen sulfide, were compared. No noticeable difference was observed.
THE RELATION BETWEEN KOLBE’S REACTION AND HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION. VII. THE MECHANISM OF KOLBE’S REACTION
Authors: Matsuda Hamilton Ryoichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) 0.1–0.7 Per cent. solution of potassium propionate gave neither ethylene nor signs that the solution had undergone any oxidation, when electrolysed by passing a current of DA = 10 A/dm2. at 9–12°C.
(2) When 1.0% potassium propionate solution was electrolysed under the same conditions, ethylene was produced, and at the same time oxidizing action of the solution became observable. Hydrogen peroxide was also found present.
(3) The presence of ammonium carbonate proved so effective as to produce ethylene even from the most dilute solution. Ethylene formation was always accompanied by oxidizing action of solutions in all cases alike.
(4) Electrolyses of a solution containing 5.0 gr. potassium propionate and 2.0 gr. propionic acid and the one containing 5.0 gr. potassium propionate and as much ammonium carbonate, each in 100 c.c, were investigated.
(5) The assumption of propionyl peroxide at the intermediate product provides a very satisfactory explanation of Kolbe’s Reaction and also of other reaction related to it in the electrolysis of a propionate; the production of ethylene, hydrogen peroxide and similar oxidizing substances may all be explained to take place according to the following scheme :
(C2H5COO)2+H2O = C2H5COOH+C2H5COOOH,
C2H5COOOH = CO2+H2O+C2H4 (Ethylene formation),
C2H5COOOH+H2O = C2H5COOH+H2O2 (Hydrogen peroxide formation).
(6) The difference observed between electrolyses of potassium propionate and potassium acetate will easily be understood, if we take notice of the higher stability of propionyl peroxide in comparison with acetyl peroxide.
X-RAY STUDY ON THE ELECTROLYTIC Fe-Ni ALLOYS
Authors: Iwase Keizô , Nasu Nobuyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Iron and nickel were co-deposited in various proportions electrolytically from their mixed sulphate solutions, and X-ray diffraction patterns were photographed by the Debye-Scherrer and Seemann-Bohlin methods, and the lattice constants were measured by choosing lines of copper as a standard which was mixed with the alloys in the form of powder. The results obtained were as follows. (1) Iron and nickel in the deposit appears as solid solution. The homogeneity of the solid solution thus formed seems not so good as that of the alloy solidified from the melt. (2) The co-existence of α and γ solid solutions is also observed in the deposits the concentration of which ranged from 14% Ni to 58% Ni. In the alloys solidified from the melt this ranges from 25% Ni to 33% Ni. (3) Lattice constant of α or γ solid solution increases slightly at first, reaches maximum and then decreases as the constant of Ni or Fe increases respectively. From these results it has been concluded that when the total or local concentration of the one metal in the deposit is small, two cases may arrise either the metal is forced to deposit among the crystal of the other metal without forming its proper crystal lattice forming pseudo solid solution as a result or the unit mass of the deposited crystal of that metal is small and consequently it easily diffuses into the other after the deposition. This is the reason why the lattice constant-concentration curve runs upward. But when the concentration is fairly large, the unit mass of that crystal also becomes larger and its diffusion into the other takes place not so easily as before leaving some of that crystal undiffused. This tendency becomes greater as the concentration of that metal increases. The existence of the maximum point on the curve above mentioned and the coexistence of α and γ solid solutions in a wider range of the composition of the deposited alloy are explained sufficiently by the process of deposition above supposed.
TWO IRON NITRIDES
Authors: Satoh Shun-ichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The heat of formation of Fe4N was determined by means of calorimeter.
2. The molecular heats of Fe2N and Fe4N were calculated by applying the Neumann and Kopp’s law and obtained the equilibrium equations of the systems: Fe, Fe4N, NH3, H2 and Fe4N, Fe2N, NH3, H2 from the observed heat of formation of Fe4N by using the Nernst’s heat theorem. The calculated values by these equations agree well with the equilibrium data obtained at high temperatures.
3. Various iron nitrides were prepared and their compositions were accurately determined by X-ray.
4. The electrochemical properties of the iron nitrides were studied and the passive state of iron nitride was made clear.
5. The reversible property of the iron nitride cell was examined.
A SPECTROCHEMICAL STUDY ON THE CHEMICAL CONSTITUTION OF A REACTION PRODUCT BETWEEN CENTRALITE AND GASEOUS NITROGEN PEROXIDE. DINITRODIPHENYLETHYLUREA
Authors: Masaki Kôiti 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. In 1926 M. A. Apard reported the formation of tetranitrocentralite by the reaction of nitric peroxide upon centralite at ordinary temperature. Owing to want of his experimental data, because of the very small quantity of his sample, it seemed however so doubtful that the author was tempted to set out this investigation, and determined its chemical structure by the spectrochemical and microanalytical methods.
2. Absorption spectra have been studied on the following ten substances. 4-4′-Dinitrodiphenyldiethylurea, 2–4–2′–4′-tetranitrodiphenyldiethylurea, p-nitrophenylurethane, 2–4-dinitrophenylurethane, o-nitroacetanilide, m-nitroacetanilide, p-nitroacetanilide, p-nitroethylacetanilide, 2–4–6-trinitroacetanilide and 4–4′-dinitroethyldiphenylurea.
3. As to the chemical constitution of the reaction product of higher melting point obtained from centralite, it has been proved to be dinitro-diphenylethylurea, which crystallizes from acetone solution in a form of very thin plates of yellowish colour, melting at 213.2-213.5°C., and hardly soluble in ordinary solvents.
A THEORY OF THE RATE OF SOLUTION OF GAS INTO LIQUID. II. THE RATE OF SOLUTION OF GAS INTO LIQUID CONTAINING A REACTING SUBSTANCE, AND A KINETIC DERIVATION OF THE DISTRIBUTION LAW
Authors: Miyamoto Susumu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) The initial rate of solution of gas into liquid was developed from a new theory of the rate of solution based upon the assumptions. (a) that among the molecules of gas, which collide with the interface, only those, whose components of velocities at right angles to the interface are greater than a threshold value u0, can enter into the liquid phase, and (b) that among the molecules of gas in the liquid phase, only those, which collide with the interface with velocities, whose components at right angles to the interface are greater than a threshold value u0′ can escape from the liquid phase.
The equations derived from the new theory were compared with those obtained from the diffusion layer theory.
(2) The solubility of gas was expressed as a function of u0 and u0′.
(3) The values of u0 and u0′ were calculated in the case of oxygen and water at 15°C.
(4) Henry’s law was derived by means of the new theory.
(5) The distribution of a substance between two liquid phases was discussed in exactly the same manner.
ON THE REACTION BETWEEN ALIZARIN AND SODIUM ALUMINATE IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION.
Authors: Matsuoka Seigo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The method of purification of alizarin is proposed.
2. A deep orange, hydrophile colloidal substance is produced when alizarin is added into an aqueous solution of sodium aluminate. The mechanism of the reaction may be as follows;
(Remark: Graphics omitted.)
And the constitutional formula will be
(Remark: Graphics omitted.)