bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complexation of Cadmium and Copper by Fluvial Humic Matter and Effects on Their Toxicity
Authors: Corami F. , Capodaglio G. , Turetta C. , Bragadin M. , Calace N. , Petronio BM. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe effects of humic acids and fulvic acids isolated from the River Arno (Italy) on the bioavailability and toxicity of cadmium and copper were assessed in relation to changes in their speciation. Measurements of the complexing capacity of solutions containing these organic ligands were carried out by a titration procedure followed by DPASV and toxicity tests were carried out using lysosomes isolated from rat liver. The complexing capacity of the physiological medium containing about 13 mg/L of humic acids, expressed as ligand concentrations, was 0.30 and 0.072 μmol/L for cadmium and copper respectively; the corresponding conditional stability constants were 4.2 × 1011 and 1.3 × 108 (mol/L)‐1. The complexing capacities of the solution containing the same amount of fulvic acids were 0.33 and 0.164 μmol/L for cadmium and copper respectively, the conditional stability constants were 3.2 × 1011 and 2.4 × 107 (mol/L)‐1.The humic acids reduced the toxicity of cadmium by about 5 times: the EC50 changed from 4.4 to 20.4 μmol/L. The dose effect curve of copper presented a bi‐sigmoid trend and two EC50 values can be determined: The EC50(1) in the presence of humic acids changed from 2.0 to 3.1 μmol/L, while the EC50(2) increased from 22.3 to 45.3 μmol/L. The fulvic acids reduced the cadmium toxicity by about the same amount as humic acids, from 4.4 to 18.6 μmol/L, but they had no effect on copper toxicity. Analysing the chemical speciation of cadmium and copper in the presence of humic components and under toxicity test conditions we can say that the appreciable decrease of EC50 is not related to changes in their speciation; we can hypothesize that this is due to different processes, as well as to blocking of the lysosomal membrane. On the basis of the shape of the dose‐effect curves obtained for cadmium and copper respectively, we can say that the toxic effects of the two metals are different and we can hypothesize that copper could exercise its toxic activity by inhibiting the ATP‐driven proton pump and the function of the Cl‐ selective channel.
Use of Different Spectroscopic Techniques in the Analysis of Roman Age Wall Paintings
Authors: Agnoli Francesca , Calliari Irene , Mazzocchin Gian‐Antonio 
Published: December 2006

AbstractIn this paper the analysis of samples of Roman age wall paintings coming from: Pordenone, Vicenza and Verona is carried out by using three different techniques: energy dispersive x‐rays spectroscopy (EDS), x‐rays fluorescence (XRF) and proton induced x‐rays emission (PIXE). The features of the three spectroscopic techniques in the analysis of samples of archaeological interest are discussed.The studied pigments were: cinnabar, yellow ochre, green earth, Egyptian blue and carbon black
Acute Myelogeneous Leukemia (M0/M1) with novel chromosomal abnormality of t(14;17) (q32; q11.2)
Authors: Ahmad Firoz , Dalvi Rupa , Mandava Swarna , Das Bibhu Ranjan 
Published: December 2006

AbstractAcute Myelogeneous Leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease with respect to morphology, immunophenotype, and genetic rearrangements. Multiple recurrent chromosomal aberrations have been identified by conventional cytogenetic analysis. In this study, we report a case whose clinical features were suggestive of AML‐M1 subtype with t(14;17) (q32; q11.2) karyotype involving rearrangement of chromosomal segments 17q11.2 and 14q32. This is the first report of novel chromosomal translocation in this subset of AML and has not yet been reported elsewhere. This rearrangement may include certain cancer associated oncogene(s) or genes involved in the differentiation like retionic acid receptor alpha (RARA), which may confer differentiation blockage and/or proliferation advantage. Am. J. Hematol. 82: 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of a series of benzodioxole substituted titanocenes
Authors: Sweeney Nigel J. , Claffey James , Müller‐Bunz Helge , Pampillón Clara , Strohfeldt Katja , Tacke Matthias 
Published: December 2006

AbstractUsing 6‐benzo[1,3]dioxolefulvene (1a), a series of benzodioxole substituted titanocenes was synthesized. The benzyl‐substituted titanocene bis[(benzo[1,3]dioxole)‐5‐methylcyclopentadienyl] titanium (IV) dichloride (2a) was synthesized from the reaction of Super Hydride with 1a. An X‐ray determined crystal structure was obtained for 2a. The ansa‐titanocene {1,2‐di(cyclopentadienyl)‐1,2‐di‐(benzo[1,3]dioxole)‐ethanediyl} titanium(IV) dichloride (2b) was synthesized by reductive dimerisation of 1a with titanium dichloride. The diarylmethyl substituted titanocene bis(di‐(benzo[1,3]dioxole)‐5‐methylcyclopentadienyl) titanium(IV) dichloride (2c) was synthesized by reacting 1a with the para‐lithiated benzodioxole followed by transmetallation with titanium tetrachloride. When titanocenes 2a–c were tested against pig kidney (LLC‐PK) cells inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 2.8 × 10−4, 1.6 × 10−4 and 7.6 × 10−5 M, respectively, were observed. These values represent improved cytotoxicity against LLC‐PK, when compared with unsubstituted titanocene dichloride, but are not as impressive as values obtained for titanocenes previously synthesized using the above methods. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lyn, one of the Src‐family tyrosine kinases expressed in phagocytes, plays an important role in β2 integrin‐signalling pathways in opsonized zymosan‐activated macrophage‐like U937 cells
Authors: Adachi Reiko , Suzuki Kazuhiro 
Published: December 2006

AbstractWe have investigated the contribution of Hck, Lyn and Fgr, highly expressed Src family tyrosine kinases (SFKs) in signalling pathways in opsonized zymosan (OZ)‐activated phagocytes by using short interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Treatment of macrophage‐like U937 cells with the siRNAs targeted to these transcripts decreased the protein content of each kinase to less than half that of untreated cells. Among these siRNAs, siRNA targeted to Lyn was the most effective in diminishing two kinds of phagocyte functions, that is oxidative burst and phagocytosis. Phosphorylation of c‐Cbl, a multidomain adaptor protein in the β2 integrin‐signalling pathway, was also largely inhibited by treatment with siRNA to Lyn. Thus, the results with siRNAs highly specific for Hck, Lyn and Fgr suggested that, among these three SFKs, Lyn plays the most important role in signalling pathways downstream of β2 integrins in OZ‐stimulated phagocytes. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemotherapy response is an important predictor of local recurrence in ewing sarcoma
Authors: Lin Patrick P. , Jaffe Norman , Herzog Cynthia E. , Costelloe Colleen M. , Deavers Michael T. , Kelly Jeana S. , Patel Shreyaskumar R. , Madewell John E. , Lewis Valerae O. , Cannon Christopher P. , Benjamin Robert S. , Yasko Alan W. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractBACKGROUND.Local recurrence in Ewing sarcoma is associated with a poor prognosis. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors that predict local recurrence after surgical treatment of the primary tumor.METHODS.Between 1990 and 2001, 64 patients underwent surgical resection of Ewing sarcoma. Surgical margins were assessed histologically and radiologically. Response to preoperative chemotherapy was determined by detailed specimen mapping. Local recurrence‐free survival (LRFS) was calculated by Kaplan–Meier analysis. Multivariate analysis was performed with the Cox proportional hazards model.RESULTS.A number of factors were found to be associated with local recurrence on univariate analysis. Patients with a good response to chemotherapy (≥90% tumor necrosis), had superior LRFS at 5 years (86% vs 51%, P = .015). Central site of disease was associated with an increased rate of recurrence. The LRFS at 5 years was 50% for the chest wall, 74% for pelvic/scapular, and 86% for extremity tumors (P = .083). Positive surgical margin was not a strong predictor of recurrence (P = .72). A critical analysis of minimal surgical margin based on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans also failed to reveal an association between margin and local recurrence. In multivariate analysis, the 2 independent predictors of local recurrence were histological response to chemotherapy and central site of disease.CONCLUSION.Local recurrence after surgical resection is a complex phenomenon. An important predictive factor is the response to chemotherapy. In the current study, this seems to have the largest impact. Central site of disease may be a second independent predictive factor. Cancer 2007;109:603–611. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Twenty years of external quality assurance in clinical cell analysis — A tribute to Jean‐Luc D'Hautcourt
Authors: Brando Bruno , Gatti Arianna , Chianese Rosa , Gratama Jan Willem 
Published: December 2006

AbstractExternal quality assurance (EQA) programs in clinical cell analysis are now a consolidated item of laboratory practice. All the flow cytometric testings with an impact on clinical decision making have been submitted to regular EQA programs during the last 20 years, and this has produced internationally homogeneous guidelines, with a remarkable improvement in result reproducibility.Jean‐Luc D'Hautcourt was a pioneer in this field, and his valuable contributions to flow cytometric method standardization and to the dissemination of the educational aspects of EQA programs are recognized.The different methodological approaches undertaken in the United States and Europe are discussed. The educational role of SIHON in the Benelux Countries and of UKNEQAS for Leucocyte Immunophenotyping worldwide is emphasized. Accredited and accreditating EQA programs require an impressive degree of organization and technical knowledge, so that only major international providers can afford such a task nowadays. However, small local studies still provide the necessary stimulus to the continuous improvement of the scientifical aspects of EQA schemes. © 2006 Clinical Cytometry Society
Preliminary Contribution to the Quantification of HMF in Honey by Electrochemical Biosensor Chips
Authors: Lomillo M. Asunción Alonso , del Campo F. Javier , Pascual F. Javier Muñoz 
Published: December 2006

AbstractSeveral hydroximethylfurfural (HMF) microbiosensors, based on a microelectrode configuration built by photolithographic techniques, have been developed. Two different biosensors based on the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzyme coupling with NADH oxidase (NOD) or diaphorase (Diaph) are described. Experimental variables were optimized using experimental design methodology, by central composite designs, taking the intensity registered for a given HMF solution as response. Given the reproducibility (residual standard deviation (RSD), 7.20%), repeatability (RSD=3%) and limit of detection (LOD)=1.68×10−4 mol dm−3 (α=β=0.05 and a replicate) reached by the ALDH‐Diaph microbiosensor under the optimum conditions, the analysis of HMF in honey was successfully accomplished.
Enhanced Resolution of Copper and Bismuth by Addition of Gallium in Anodic Stripping Voltammetry with the Bismuth Film Electrode
Authors: Prior Chad , Lenehan Claire E. , Walker G. Stewart 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThis paper presents the enhanced analysis of copper on a bismuth electrode upon addition of gallium(III). The presence of gallium alleviates the problems of overlapping stripping signals usually observed between copper and bismuth when using the Bismuth Film Electrode. In addition, it has been found that the presence of gallium improves the reproducibility of the bismuth stripping signal. Simultaneous deposition of copper and bismuth at −1500 mV for 2 minutes in a supporting electrolyte composed of 0.1 M pH 4.75 acetate buffer with 250 μg L−1 gallium yields well resolved copper and bismuth signals when analyzed with square‐wave anodic stripping voltammetry. Simultaneous analysis of copper and lead yielded linear calibration plots in the range 10 to 100 μg L−1 with regression coefficients of 0.997 and 0.994 respectively. The theoretical detection limit for copper was calculated to be 4.98 μg L−1 utilizing a 2 minutes deposition time. The relative standard deviation for a copper concentration of 50 μg L−1 was 1.6% (n=10).
Effect of vanillin on toxicant‐induced lethality in the Drosophila melanogaster DNA repair test
Authors: Furlanetto Magda Patrícia , Sinigaglia Marialva , Amaral Viviane Souza do , Dihl Rafael Rodrigues , de Andrade Heloísa Helena Rodrigues 
Published: December 2006

AbstractVanillin (VA) modulates the genotoxicity of chemical and physical agents in a complex manner. Previous studies indicate that VA inhibits the mutagenicity but increases the mitotic homologous recombination caused by at least some genotoxic agents. In the present study, we have evaluated the effects of VA on the repair of lethal damage produced by three genotoxins, N‐ethyl‐N‐nitrosourea (ENU), ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), and mitomycin C (MMC), using the DNA repair test (DRT) in Drosophila melanogaster. VA, 0.25% and 0.5% (w/v), increased the toxicity of MMC and EMS in repair‐deficient flies, as measured by a decrease in the proportion of male to female progeny in the DRT; sex ratios decreased from 18−48% for MMC and 21−97% for EMS. These effects may be caused by the inhibition of nonhomologous DNA end joining caused by VA. In contrast to the results with MMC and EMS, VA protected against the lethality of ENU in repair‐defective flies, as measured by a 43−207% increase in the survival of male flies in the DRT. It was inferred that the protective effect was due to VA modulating stages prior to the induction of ENU lesions in DNA, including modulating the antioxidant properties of VA and/or to its interference with the metabolic activation and/or detoxification of specific genotoxins. The results from this study indicate that the characterization of VA as a promising agent for preventing damage to genes and chromosomes should be tempered by observations that VA can increase the toxicity of chemical agents. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Early‐life risk factors for late‐onset depression
Authors: Sneed Joel R. , Kasen Stephanie , Cohen Patricia 
Published: December 2006

AbstractObjectiveTo assess differences between women with no history of depression (No MDD), early‐onset depression (EOD), and late‐onset depression (LOD) on psychosocial risk factors (marital conflict and lack of social support), neuroticism, and overall self‐rated health.MethodDiagnostic data from a community‐based longitudinal study of women at mean ages 39, 42, 48, and 59 was used to create three groups of women (No MDD, EOD and LOD). These groups were then compared on psychosocial, personality, and overall health risk assessed approximately 10 years prior to diagnosis.ResultsThere were no differences between the groups on marital conflict and social support. Those with EOD scored higher than those in the LOD and No MDD groups on neuroticism. Importantly, those with LOD reported poorer health than those with No MDD 10 years prior to diagnosis.ConclusionsThese findings provide support for the notion that poor health and not psychosocial risk factors or neuroticism predispose otherwise healthy adults to developing depression for the first time in late‐life. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prevalence of cognitive and functional impairment in a community sample in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
Authors: Lopes Marcos A. , Hototian Sergio R. , Bustamante Sonia E. Z. , Azevedo Dionísio , Tatsch Mariana , Bazzarella Mário C , Litvoc Júlio , Bottino Cássio M. C. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed at estimating the prevalence of cognitive and functional impairment (CFI) in a community sample in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, evaluating its distribution in relation to various socio‐demographic and clinical factors.MethodsThe population was a representative sample aged 60 and older, from three different socio‐economic classes. Cluster sampling was applied. Instruments used to select CFI (a syndromic category that does not exclude dementia): ‘Mini Mental State Examination’ (MMSE), ‘Fuld Object Memory Evaluation’ (FOME), ‘Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly’ (IQCODE), ‘Bayer Activities of Daily Living Scale’ (B‐ADL) and clinical interviews. The data obtained were submitted to bivariate and logistic regression analysis.ResultsA sample of 1.145 elderly persons was evaluated, with a mean age of 70.9 years (60–100; DP: 7.7); 63.4% were female, and 52.8% had up to 4 years of schooling. CFI prevalence was 18.9% (n = 217). Following logistic regression analysis, higher age, low education, stroke, epilepsy and depression were associated with CFI. Female sex, widowhood, low social class and head trauma were associated with CFI only on bivariate analysis.ConclusionCFI prevalence results were similar to those found by studies in Brazil, Puerto Rico and Malaysia. Cognitive and functional impairment is a rather heterogeneous condition which may be associated with various clinical conditions found in the elderly population. Due to its high prevalence and association with higher mortality and disability rates, this clinical syndrome should receive more attention on public health intervention planning. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Quaternary is here to stay
Authors: Bowen D. Q. , Gibbard Philip L. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe proposals to drop the name Quaternary, to extend the Neogene Period to the present day, and to confirm the base of the Pleistocene at 1.8 Ma are reviewed. It is concluded that there is no scientific case for dropping the name Quaternary and that an overwhelming volume of evidence points to 2.6 Ma as the most appropriate base for the Quaternary/Pleistocene, when extensive Northern Hemisphere mid‐latitude glaciation occurred under what were essentially similar physical boundary conditions of continents, oceans, seaways and mountain ranges that characterise, and are unique to, the Quaternary. It is desirable that all stratigraphical and geochronological evidence is tied rigorously into the Global Stratigraphic Timescale. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
pH‐induced reorientation of microperoxidase‐11 in mesoporous molecular sieves
Authors: Zhang B. Paul , Donohoe Robert J. , Bailey James A. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe resonance Raman spectra of microperoxidase‐11 loaded into the siliceous materials MCM‐41 and SBA‐15 demonstrate a pH dependence indicative of a protonation event on the substrate. An unusual change in relative Raman intensities without a shift in wavenumbers is observed upon lowering the system pH. Protonation of the silica surface is suggested to induce a reorientation of the MP‐11 fragments within the silica framework. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Crank–Nicholson‐based unconditionally stable time‐domain algorithm for 2D and 3D problems
Authors: Xie Xin , Pan George , Hall Stephen 
Published: December 2006

AbstractIt has been shown that both ADI‐FDTD and CN‐FDTD are unconditionally stable. While the ADI is a second‐order approximation, CN is only in the first order. However, analytical expressions reveal that the CN‐FDTD has much smaller truncation errors and is more accurate than the ADI‐FDTD. Nonetheless, it is more difficult to implement the CN than the ADI, especially for 3D problems. In this paper, we present an unconditionally stable time‐domain method, CNRG‐TD, which is based upon the Crank–Nicholson scheme and implemented with the Ritz–Galerkin procedure. We provide a physically meaningful stability proof, without resorting to tedious symbolic derivations. Numerical examples of the new method demonstrate high precision and high efficiency. In a 2D capacitance problem, we have enlarged the time step, Δt, 400 times of the CFL limit, yet preserved good accuracy. In the 3D antenna case, we use the time step, Δt, 7.6 times larger that that of the ADI‐FDTD i.e., more than 38 times of the CFL limit, with excellent agreement of the benchmark solution. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 261–265, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22101
Optimized electrode structure for a high‐Q electro‐optic microdisk‐based optical phase modulator
Authors: Li Song , Yi Fei , Zhang Xianmin , Zheng Shilie 
Published: December 2006

AbstractA novel spatial pattern of the metal electrode for a high‐Q electro‐optic microdisk‐based optical phase modulator, which can be used to construct a photonic antenna, is proposed. This structure of electrode can help acquire resonant standing wave distribution along the electrode. The simulation results show that the electro‐optic modulation efficiency can be increased significantly. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 313–316, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22114
Fractal Hilbert microstrip antennas with reconfigurable radiation patterns
Authors: Zhang Yong , Wang Bing‐Zhong , Yang Xue‐Song 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThis paper presents two novel pattern reconfigurable microstrip antennas, which are formed by second‐ and third‐order fractal Hilbert curves, respectively. Both of the antennas have the feature of linearly polarized reconfigurable radiation patterns. By controlling switches on/off, the radiation patterns can be reconfigured in the upper‐half space. The two antennas have potential applications in mobile communication systems and large phased arrays. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 352–354, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22122
A novel compact coplanar‐waveguide bandpass filter with good stopband rejection
Authors: Weng Min‐Hang , Hung Cheng‐Yuan , Huang Chun‐Yueh , Ye Chang‐Sin , Su Yan‐Kuin 
Published: December 2006

AbstractWith the rapid development of wireless communications, sharp rejection, and wide stopband are very important issues for filter applications. In this paper, a novel compact coplanar‐waveguide bandpass filter (CPW–BPF) is designed and implemented on commercial substrate. This filter at center frequency f 0 of 3.3 GHz has presented almost very good measured characteristics including the narrow bandwidth of 8.7%, two transmission zeros in the passband edge and wide stopband rejection below 2.45 GHz and from 3.8 to 8 GHz. Experimental results of the fabricated filter show a good agreement with the simulated results. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 369–371, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22134
Package‐induced cross‐coupling effect on amplifier harmonic suppression
Authors: Chen Han‐Jan , Huang Tsung‐Hui , Chang Chin‐Sheng , Chen Lih‐Shan , Horng Jui‐Hong , Wang Yeong‐Her , Houng Mau‐Phon 
Published: December 2006

AbstractA composite bandpass low noise amplifier, designed by the image parameter method and semi‐lumped component approach, is described and results for image filtering are presented. Moreover, the source‐load coupling capacitor incorporation with system grounding inductors give the amplifiers controllable finite transmission zeros in the stopband without adding any extra elements. By properly adjusting the system inductance values, the zero point at a high‐side skirt to suppress the harmonic frequency for linearity improvement can be easily manipulated. Good skirt selectivity and controllable stopband characteristics can be achieved simultaneously. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 332–336, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22137