bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Running to stand still: BCR‐like signaling suppresses type I IFN responses in pDC
Authors: Swiecki Melissa K. , Colonna Marco 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPlasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) specialize in the secretion of type I interferon (IFN). Although multiple pathways that modulate type I IFN responses have been described they are inadequately defined. In this issue of the European Journal of Immunology, evidence for a B cell receptor (BCR)‐like signaling cascade in pDC that suppresses type I IFN production is provided.See accompanying article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eji200737711
Cover Picture: Autoreactive B cells get activated in extrafollicular sites – Eur. J. Immunol. 12/2007
Authors: Weisel Florian , Wellmann Ute , Winkler Thomas H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe cover image schematically depicts the mechanisms proposed by Winkler and colleagues (pp. 3330–3333) as underlying the extrafollicular activation of rheumatoid factor B cells by chromatin–immune complexes. The follicular region is shown in orange, the marginal sinus in green, the marginal zone in turquoise, and the red pulp in red. The scheme is based on the data obtained by Shlomchik and colleagues (pp. 3339–3351) in their new mouse model of extrafollicular somatic hypermutation, a characteristic of murine lupus. The model importantly uses IgG anti‐chromatin antibodies rather than conventional immune complexes.
Electrochemical Detection of DNA Hybridization Based on the Probe Labeled with Carbon‐Nanotubes Loaded with Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Gao Mei , Qi Honglan , Gao Qiang , Zhang Chengxiao 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA sensitive electrochemical method for the detection of DNA hybridization based on the probe labeled with multiwall carbon‐nanotubes (MWNTs) loaded with silver nanoparticles (Ag‐MWNTs) has been developed. MWNTs were electroless‐plated with a large number of silver nanoparticles to form Ag‐MWNTs. Probe single strand DNA (ss‐DNA) with a thiol group at the 3′‐terminal labeled with Ag‐MWNTs by self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) technique was employed as an electrochemical probe. Target ss‐DNA with a thiol group was immobilized on a gold electrode by SAM technique and then hybridized with the electrochemical probe. Binding events were monitored by differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) signal of silver nanoparticles. The signal difference permitted to distinguish the match of two perfectly complementary DNA strands from the near perfect match where just three base pairs were mismatched. There was a linear relation between the peak current at +120 mV (vs. SCE) and complementary target ss‐DNA concentration over the range from 3.1×10−14 to 1.0×10−11 mol/L with a detection limit of 10 fmol/L of complementary target ss‐DNA. The proposed method has been successfully applied to detection of the DNA sequence related to cystic fibrosis. This work demonstrated that the MWNTs loaded with silver nanoparticles offers a great promising approach for sensitive detection of DNA hybridization.
Disposable Gold Electrode Array for Simultaneous Electrochemical Studies
Authors: Priano Graciela , González Graciela , Günther Mauricio , Battaglini Fernando 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn efficient and inexpensive eight gold electrode array has been manufactured by a combination of screen printing and gold electrodeposition techniques. Gold electrodeposition was performed in potentiostatic and galvanostatic conditions. Different treatments, involving temperature and polishing control, led to electrodes with different roughness. The electrochemical behavior of the generated gold surface was studied by cyclic voltammetry showing the characteristic response of polycrystalline gold, in contrast with disposable gold electrodes fabricated by screen printing from gold inks. The electrodes were chemically modified through the adsorption of alkanethiols self‐assembled monolayers and the coupling of a model protein. Both reactions were followed by cyclic voltammetry and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The electrodes have shown high reproducibility in their electrochemical behavior as well as in their modifications.
Voltammetry of Undiluted Red‐Ox Systems. Electrochemical ESR‐ and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Evidence for Formation of Ionic Liquid at Microelectrode Surface
Authors: Donten Mikolaj , Nowicka Anna , Palys Marcin , Szydlowska Jadwiga , Stojek Zbigniew 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIt is believed that voltammetry of undiluted red‐ox liquids can lead to the formation of stable thin layers of ionic liquids at the microelectrode surface. Such situation was postulated for several liquids (solvents), however, so far no hard evidence supporting this expectation was obtained. By using electron spin resonance in combination with voltammetric experiments and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy we have shown that the concentration of the cation radicals at the microelectrode surface may be high (nitrobenzene) and the overall resistance of the solution abruptly drops (methanol) when the potential at the microelectrode corresponds to the wave plateau of the undiluted organic liquid. Both facts constitute a good evidence for the formation of microlayers of ionic liquids at the microelectrode surface during electrolysis of undiluted red‐ox systems.
Detecting Biorecognition Events at Blocked Interface Polymeric Membrane Ion‐Selective Electrodes Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy
Authors: De Marco Roland , Ng Andrew , Panduwinata Dwi 
Published: November 2007

AbstractImmobilization of a biorecognition element onto a polymeric membrane ion‐selective electrode (ISE) using a self‐assembly approach may provide scope for a novel biosensor technology platform based on the altered potentiometric response at the blocked ISE interface. In this paper, the authors have investigated the influence of solution adsorption of the model biorecognition element, avidin‐biotin, on the electrode kinetics of a conventional polymeric membrane Ca2+ISE using atomic force microscopy (AFM) coupled with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It is demonstrated that solution adsorption of avidin followed by biotin incorporation leads to a demonstrable biorecognition event characterized by an impediment in the Ca2+ion transfer kinetics of the modified ISE surface. This kinetic principle is amenable to biosensing using pulsed chronopotentiometric polymeric ISEs, which is an established dynamic electrode technique for use with polymeric membrane ISEs.
Further characterization of the first seminoma cell line TCam‐2
Authors: de Jong Jeroen , Stoop Hans , Gillis Ad J. M. , Hersmus Remko , van Gurp Ruud J. H. L. M. , van de Geijn Gert‐Jan M. , van Drunen Ellen , Beverloo H. Berna , Schneider Dominik T. , Sherlock Jon K. , Baeten John , Kitazawa Sohei , van Zoelen E. Joop , van Roozendaal Kees , Oosterhuis J. Wolter , Looijenga Leendert H. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTesticular germ cell tumors of adolescents and adults (TGCTs) can be classified into seminomatous and nonseminomatous tumors. Various nonseminomatous cell lines, predominantly embryonal carcinoma, have been established and proven to be valuable for pathobiological and clinical studies. So far, no cell lines have been derived from seminoma which constitutes more than 50% of invasive TGCTs. Such a cell line is essential for experimental investigation of biological characteristics of the cell of origin of TGCTs, i.e., carcinoma in situ of the testis, which shows characteristics of a seminoma cell. Before a cell line can be used as model, it must be verified regarding its origin and characteristics. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach was undertaken on TCam‐2 cells, supposedly the first seminoma cell line. Fluorescence in situ hybridization, array comparative genomic hybridization, and spectral karyotyping demonstrated an aneuploid DNA content, with gain of 12p, characteristic for TGCTs. Genome wide mRNA and microRNA expression profiling supported the seminoma origin, in line with the biallelic expression of imprinted genes IGF2/H19 and associated demethylation of the imprinting control region. Moreover, the presence of specific markers, demonstrated by immunohistochemistry, including (wild type) KIT, stem cell factor, placental alkaline phosphatase, OCT3/4 (also demonstrated by a specific Q‐PCR) and NANOG, and the absence of CD30, SSX2‐4, and SOX2, confirms that TCam‐2 is a seminoma cell line. Although mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are rather rare in TGCTs, TCam‐2 had a mutated BRAF gene (V600E), which likely explains the fact that these cells could be propagated in vitro. In conclusion, TCam‐2 is the first well‐characterized seminoma‐derived cell line, with an exceptional mutation, rarely found in TGCTs. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A new type of MAML2 fusion in mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Authors: Fehr André , Röser Kerstin , Heidorn Klaus , Hallas Cora , Löning Thomas , Bullerdiek Jörn 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe present study reports for the first time a CRTC3‐MAML2 fusion gene in a mucoepidermoid carcinoma, as determined by RT‐PCR and sequencing. We screened a total of 67 formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded mucoepidermoid carcinomas for the presence of chimeric genes. In one of these samples, a CRTC3‐MAML2 fusion gene was detected. Thus, this report demonstrates the existence of a fusion of MAML2 with CREB regulated transcriptional coactivator CRTC3 additional to the already known fusion of MAML2 and CRTC1. Both gene fusions seem to result in an identical tumor phenotype and the fusion genes CRTC1‐MAML2 and CRTC3‐MAML2 may play a similar role in the development of mucoepidermoid carcinomas. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The ‘black marble’ of Denée, a fossil conservation deposit from the Lower Carboniferous (Viséan) of southern Belgium
Authors: Mottequin Bernard 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe palaeoenvironment of the ‘black marble’ of Denée [Dinant sedimentation area (DSA), southern Belgium], included in the Molignée Formation of Lower Carboniferous (Viséan) age, is discussed. This fossil conservation deposit (‘fossil Lagerstätte’) yielded a rare but remarkably preserved macrofauna (including fishes, echinoderms and brachiopods). It developed in a confined intra‐platform basin progressively filled by distal calcareous turbidites originating from the southward prograding shelf to the north. This basin was bordered to the south by a discontinuous barrier of Waulsortian mud mounds built against a major synsedimentary fault separating the DSA from the southern Avesnois sedimentation area (ASA). The alternations of laminated (‘black marble’ facies) and bioturbated (‘thick‐bedded’ facies) lithofacies occurring within the Molignée Formation imply that the palaeoenvironment recorded several anoxic to dysoxic periods alternating with more oxygenated ones due to sea‐level fluctuations of low magnitude and was strongly influenced by the basin architecture inherited from the late Tournaisian. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mood, cognition and in vivo protein imaging: the emerging nexus in clinical neuroscience
Authors: Kumar Anand , Ajilore Olusola , Kepe Vladimir , Barrio Jorge R. , Small Gary 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIntroductionDisorders of mood and cognition overlap in the elderly and there is an emerging consensus that both groups of disorders share neurobiological substrates.MethodsSalient peer reviewed articles focusing on late‐life depression, structural neuroimaging and recent developments in positron emission tomography based in vivo protein imaging.ResultsEpidemiological and clinical evidence indicates that mood and cognition in the elderly are clinically inter‐related and common neurobiological mechanisms may underlie both groups of disorders. Degenerative, vascular and related mechanisms like genetically programmed abnormal protein deposition may provide the underlying neurobiological links between these disorders.ConclusionsModern neuroimaging approaches such as positron emission tomography (PET) based in vivo protein binding may help further elucidate common pathophysiological mechanisms and assist in the early identification of patients at risk for developing dementia over time. These developments have important mechanistic and public health significance in the elderly. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pharmaceutical expenditure, total health‐care expenditure and GDP
Authors: Clemente Jesús , Marcuello Carmen , Montañés Antonio 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper analyses the evolution of pharmaceutical expenditure with respect to GDP for a group of the most important OECD economies. We find that this relationship is not stable across the sample considered (1960–2003), and heterogeneity is found in the temporal evolution of the variables and across countries. Furthermore, we can see differences in the income elasticity estimation when we disaggregate pharmaceutical expenditure into its private and government components or when the total health‐care expenditure (Total HCE) is disaggregated into its pharmaceutical and non‐pharmaceutical components. We conclude that the changes in the elasticity of pharmaceutical expenditure and in the Total HCE elasticity are due to the private component and the pharmaceutical expenditure behaviour, respectively. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A roadmap for a methodology to assess, improve and sustain intra‐ and inter‐enterprise system performance with respect to technology‐product life cycle in small and medium manufacturers
Authors: Genaidy Ash , Karwowski Waldemar 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIncreased manufacturing costs are forcing U.S. manufacturing firms to send their operations off shore. Such business practices are greatly impacting the vitality of small and medium manufacturers (SMMs) in the U.S. economy. This article intends to advance the notion of the need for a methodology for assessment, improvement, and sustainability of intra‐ and inter‐enterprise system performance along the technology–product development life cycle. The aims of this article are to: (1) provide an overview of the technology–product development process; (2) document the different states of manufacturing technology readiness levels; (3) present an overview of prior methodologies reported on the subject in the published literature; and (4) establish a road map for assessment, improvement, and sustainability of intra‐ and inter‐enterprise system performance along the path of the technology–product development life cycle. A notion is advanced about the readiness of SMMs with respect to assessment, improvement, and sustainability of intra‐ and inter‐enterprise system performance. A road map is outlined for the deployment of a methodology to address the issues across the supply chain. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analysis of metal ion‐induced DNA damage, apoptosis, and necrosis in human (Jurkat) T‐cells demonstrates Ni2+ and V3+ are more toxic than other metals: Al3+, Be2+, Co2+, Cr3+, Cu2+, Fe3+, Mo5+, Nb5+, Zr2+
Authors: Caicedo Marco , Jacobs Joshua J. , Reddy Anand , Hallab Nadim James 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIt remains unclear how metal released from implants affects cells of the immune system and, in particular, cells of the adaptive immune system, that is, T‐helper lymphocytes. In this study, we investigated the effects of aluminum, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, vanadium, and zirconium ions at concentrations from 0.05 to 5.0 mM on human CD4+ T lymphocytes. The DNA damage, apoptosis, necrosis, and proliferation responses of a human T‐helper lymphocyte (Jurkat) cell line were evaluated to test our hypothesis that some metals will preferentially induce genotoxicity (DNA damage). Our results demonstrated that metal ions did not preferentially induce Jurkat T‐lymphocyte DNA damage prior to other forms of toxicity, that is, apoptosis and/or direct necrosis. Nickel and vanadium induced the most DNA damage and were the most apoptotic metals tested, inducing >50% caspase‐9 positive T cells at 0.05 mM and 0.1 mM concentrations, respectively. Cobalt and niobium were the most toxic metals, inducing <50% viability at ∼0.5 mM concentrations. Nickel and vanadium were the only metals to induce DNA damage at nearly the same concentrations that induced >50% apoptosis (i.e., <0.05 mM). All the metals tested induced T‐cell apoptosis at a lower dose than that required to affect DNA damage or toxicity, implying that soluble metals released from implants may not be preferentially genotoxic to lymphocytes. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2008
High‐resolution MRI of deep‐seated atherosclerotic arteries using motexafin gadolinium
Authors: Brushett Chris , Qiu Bensheng , Atalar Ergin , Yang Xiaoming 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the potential of using motexafin gadolinium (MGd) to characterize atherosclerotic plaques of deep‐seated arteries with MRI.Materials and MethodsWe exposed vascular endothelial cells (EC) and smooth muscle cells (SMC) in vitro to varying concentrations of MGd. The fluorescence properties of MGd were then exploited using confocal microscopy to image exposed cells. For an in vivo validation study, we performed surface coil–based and intravascular coil–based high‐resolution MRI of the iliac arteries and the abdominal aorta of three atherosclerotic Yucatan pigs. Subsequently, MGd enhancement of the target vessel walls was quantitatively evaluated and MR images were correlated with histology of the target vessels.ResultsThe in vitro study confirmed the intracellularization of MGd in both cell types and determined the optimum MGd dosage of 0.004 mmol/kg that produced the sufficiently high intracellular fluorescent intensity. The in vivo study showed a steady increase of MGd enhancement to approximately 25% at three hours postinjection of MGd. MRI showed areas of strong enhancement along the lumen boundary, which corresponded to fibrous tissue seen in histology.ConclusionThis study provides initial evidence that MGd may enhance MR vessel wall imaging for the characterization of plaque in deep‐seated arteries. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Automatic correction of echo‐planar imaging (EPI) ghosting artifacts in real‐time interactive cardiac MRI using sensitivity encoding
Authors: Kim Yoon‐Chul , Nielsen Jon‐Fredrik , Nayak Krishna S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPurposeTo develop a method that automatically corrects ghosting artifacts due to echo‐misalignment in interleaved gradient‐echo echo‐planar imaging (EPI) in arbitrary oblique or double‐oblique scan planes.Materials and MethodsAn automatic ghosting correction technique was developed based on an alternating EPI acquisition and the phased‐array ghost elimination (PAGE) reconstruction method. The direction of k‐space traversal is alternated at every temporal frame, enabling lower temporal‐resolution ghost‐free coil sensitivity maps to be dynamically estimated. The proposed method was compared with conventional one‐dimensional (1D) phase correction in axial, oblique, and double‐oblique scan planes in phantom and cardiac in vivo studies. The proposed method was also used in conjunction with two‐fold acceleration.ResultsThe proposed method with nonaccelerated acquisition provided excellent suppression of ghosting artifacts in all scan planes, and was substantially more effective than conventional 1D phase correction in oblique and double‐oblique scan planes. The feasibility of real‐time reconstruction using the proposed technique was demonstrated in a scan protocol with 3.1‐mm spatial and 60‐msec temporal resolution.ConclusionThe proposed technique with nonaccelerated acquisition provides excellent ghost suppression in arbitrary scan orientations without a calibration scan, and can be useful for real‐time interactive imaging, in which scan planes are frequently changed with arbitrary oblique orientations. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assessment of pulmonary perfusion in a single shot using SEEPAGE
Authors: Fischer André , Pracht Eberhard D. , Arnold Johannes F.T. , Kotas Markus , Flentje Michael , Jakob Peter M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPurposeTo present a single‐shot perfusion imaging sequence that does not require contrast agents or a subtraction of a tag and a control image to create the perfusion‐weighted contrast. The proposed method is based on SEEPAGE.Materials and MethodsExperiments with healthy volunteers were performed to qualitatively and quantitatively obtain pulmonary perfusion values in coronal as well as sagittal orientation. In addition, a first experiment with a lung cancer patient was performed to explore the potentials of SEEPAGE in a clinical application.ResultsAll experiments clearly showed a perfusion‐weighted contrast, providing clinical quality images with high spatial resolution. The quantified perfusion rates were consistent in the different imaging orientations and covered the interval of 1.00–4.00 mL/min/mL. In addition, the gravitational dependence of pulmonary perfusion, the influence of adiabatic pulse duration on signal intensity, and the tracer saturation effect were examined. In the patient examination the presented technique provided additional information of the lung deficiency compared to a conventional anatomical image.ConclusionSEEPAGE has proved to be a robust and reproducible technique for obtaining perfusion‐weighted images in a single measurement and for quantifying pulmonary perfusion using an additional reference scan. Furthermore, the proposed method shows promise for future clinical application. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assessment of a goat model of posterolateral knee instability
Authors: Olson Erik J. , Wentorf Fred A. , McNulty Margaret A. , Parker Josh B. , Carlson Cathy S. , LaPrade Robert F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe development of an in vivo animal model of posterolateral knee instability is desired for devising effective interventions for this injury. Sequential sectioning of the popliteus tendon, lateral collateral ligament, and lateral capsule was done in cadaveric goat knees to create knee joint instability, followed by in vivo studies (Studies 1 and 2) of 7 and 3 months duration, respectively. In Study 1, the popliteus tendon and lateral collateral ligament were sectioned; in Study 2, these structures as well as the lateral joint capsule were sectioned. Biomechanical testing and histological assessments were done to determine the severity of the instability and the morphological changes. Sectioning the lateral collateral ligament and popliteus tendon (Study 1) resulted in a significant increase in varus instability at 90°. Sectioning the lateral collateral ligament, popliteus tendon, and lateral capsule (Study 2) resulted in significant varus instability at 30°, 60°, and 90°, and significant internal–external rotation at 60° and 90°; however, the lesions of osteoarthritis in the operated knees were similar to those in unoperated control knees. This study confirms that posterolateral knee instability can be created in a goat model, but we were unable to demonstrate lesions of osteoarthritis that were of sufficient severity to allow evaluation of disease reduction in future intervention procedures. Future studies will determine if further manipulation of the model results in sufficient morphological changes to allow its use in the assessment of intervention strategies. © 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:651–659, 2008