bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empty sella in somatotropic pituitary adenomas; a series of 23 cases
Authors: Sharifi Guive , Mohammadi Esmaeil , Paraandavaji Elham , Tavangar Seyed Mohammad , Dabbagh Ohadi Mohammad Amin , Jafari Ali , Jahanbakhshi Amin , Akbari Dilmaghani Nader , Davoudi Zahra , Smith Timothy R. , Banihashemi Gelareh , Azadi Masoumeh , Hatami Neda , Zenonos Georgios A. , Mohajeri Tehrani Mohammadreza 
Published: March 2024

PurposeWe aimed to investigate empty sella syndrome in somatotrophic pituitary adenoma for possible etiology, complications, and treatment options.MethodAmong over 2,000 skull base masses that have been managed in our center since 2013, we searched for growth hormone-producing adenomas. Clinical, surgical, and imaging data were retrospectively collected from hospital records to check for sella that lacked pituitary tissue on routine imaging.ResultIn 220 somatotrophic adenomas, 23 patients had an empty sella with surgical and follow-up data. The mean age of the sample was 46 years with the same male-to-female ratio. Five cases had partial empty sella and the rest were complete empty sellas. The most common simultaneous hormonal disturbance was high prolactin levels. Six had adenoma invasion into the clivus or sphenoid sinus and 10 had cavernous sinus intrusion. Peri-operative low-flow and high-flow cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks were encountered in one and two patients, respectively, which were successfully sealed by abdominal fat. The majority of cases required growth hormone replacement therapy while it was controlled without any replacement therapy in nine patients. No pituitary hormonal disturbance occurred after transsphenoidal surgery except for hypothyroidism in one patient.ConclusionAn empty sella filled with fluid can be detected frequently in pituitary adenomas, especially in the setting of acromegaly. The pituitary gland may be pushed to the roof of the sella and might be visible as a narrow rim on imaging or may be detected in unusual places out of the sella. The pathophysiology behind such finding originates from soft and hard tissue changes and CSF pressure alternations during abundant growth hormone production.
UPLC-ESI-MS/MS-Based Analysis of Various Edible Rosa Fruits Concerning Secondary Metabolites and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Ni Ming , Chen Junlei , Fu Mao , Li Huanyang , Bu Shengqian , Hao Xiaojiang , Gu Wei 
Published: March 2024

The genus Rosa is globally popular with well-established applications since it has a high edible and medicinal value. However, relatively limited research has been conducted on the composition and quality of wild Rosa fruits. The present study aimed to compare the properties and chemical components of five wild edible Rosa fruits, Rosa roxburghii, Rosa sterilis, Rosa laevigata, Rosa davurica, and Rosa sericea. The UPLC-ESI-MS/MS approach identified the key metabolites among the five Rosa fruits as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and organic acids. The main differential metabolites among the five fruits are flavonoids (22.29–45.13%), phenolic acids (17–22.27%), and terpenoids (7.7–24%), respectively. In total, 125 compounds served as potential markers for the five Rosa species. Differential metabolic pathways of five Rosa fruits were analyzed using the KEGG approach. Rosa laevigata fruits showed the highest total polysaccharide (TPS) content of 64.48 g/100 g. All the five Rosa extracts effectively decreased the levels of malondialdehyde while increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the H2O2-induced HaCaT cell model, demonstrating high potential for antioxidant development. Our findings suggest that the five studied Rosa fruits exhibit biological activity and edible value worth further exploration.
The Role of Data on the Regularity of Solutions to Some Evolution Equations
Authors: Porzio Maria Michaela 
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we study the influence of the initial data and the forcing terms on the regularity of solutions to a class of evolution equations including linear and semilinear parabolic equations as the model cases, together with the nonlinear p-Laplacian equation. We focus our study on the regularity (in terms of belonging to appropriate Lebesgue spaces) of the gradient of the solutions. We prove that there are cases where the regularity of the solutions as soon as t>0 is not influenced at all by the initial data. We also derive estimates for the gradient of these solutions that are independent of the initial data and reveal, once again, that for this class of evolution problems, the real “actors of the regularity” are the forcing terms.
Quantification of Hepatitis E Virus ORF2 Protein by a Novel Sandwich ELISA
Authors: Subramaniam Sakthivel , Fares-Gusmao Rafaelle , McGivern David R. 
Published: March 2024

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes acute hepatitis in humans, which can progress to chronicity in immunosuppressed individuals. Almost all reported HEV infections are caused by Paslahepevirus balayani genotypes 1–4. The structural ORF2 protein is the major antigen detected in the blood of HEV-infected individuals. ELISA assays to detect IgM antibodies to HEV are the first-line diagnostic tests; however, they showed variable performance with frequently discordant results. A qualitative HEV antigen (ORF2) ELISA is currently available for research use. Here, we report a novel quantitative sandwich ELISA to measure HEV ORF2 protein in 3 matrix types. An optimal pair of capture and detection antibodies was selected among 12 unique combinations tested. A sandwich ELISA protocol was developed using these mAbs and biotin–streptavidin technology. The protocol was further optimized to quantify ORF2 antigen in different matrices by interpolating from a standard curve with a linear range of 3.17 to 50.8 femtomoles/mL. Using this method, ORF2 protein was detected in the cell culture medium of Huh7 cells as early as 2–3 days after transfection with HEV genome RNA and in a medium of human hepatocytes infected with HEV. ORF2 antigen was readily detected in the first 2 weeks post-HEV infection in gerbil sera. In immunosuppressed gerbils, ORF2 was detected up to 6 weeks, and the levels were significantly higher between 3 and 6 weeks post-infection. HEV ORF2 antigen levels showed a strong positive correlation with HEV RNA levels in both cell culture medium and gerbil sera. Our novel sandwich ELISA detected at least 7.3 femtomoles/mL ORF2 protein in human plasma spiked with cell culture propagated HEV and detected ORF2 protein in human plasma samples that tested positive for HEV RNA but negative for anti-HEV antibodies. Further, the assay was nonreactive, with negative human plasma, and HBV or HCV-positive human plasma demonstrating specificity. Overall, our ORF2 antigen ELISA will be useful for quantifying ORF2 antigen in cell culture medium, gerbil serum, and human plasma. Further studies are warranted to evaluate its utility in HEV clinical diagnosis.
NHS national data opt-outs: trends and potential consequences for health data research
Authors: Tazare John , Henderson Alasdair D , Morley Jessica , Blake Helen A , McDonald Helen I , Williamson Elizabeth J , Strongman Helen 
Published: March 2024

Background
The English NHS data opt-out allows people to prevent use of their health data for purposes other than direct care. In 2021, the number of opt-outs increased in response to government-led proposals to create a centralised pseudonymised primary care record database.

Aim
To describe the potential impact of NHS national data opt-outs in 2021 on health data research.

Design & setting
We conducted a descriptive analysis of opt-outs using publicly available data and the potential consequences on research are discussed.

Method
Trends in opt-outs in England were described by age, sex, and region. Using a hypothetical study, we explored statistical and epidemiological implications of opt-outs.

Results
During the lead up to a key government-led deadline for registering opt-outs (from 31 May 2021–30 June 2021), 1 339 862 national data opt-outs were recorded; increasing the percentage of opt-outs in England from 2.77% to 4.97% of the population. Among females, percentage opt-outs increased by 83% (from 3.02% to 5.53%) compared with 76% in males (from 2.51% to 4.41%). Across age groups, the highest relative increase was among people aged 40–49 years, which rose from 2.89% to 6.04%. Considerable geographical variation was not clearly related to deprivation. Key research consequences of opt-outs include reductions in sample size and unpredictable distortion of observed measures of the frequency of health events or associations between these events.

Conclusion
Opt-out rates varied by age, sex, and place. The impact of this and variation by other characteristics on research is not quantifiable. Potential effects of opt-outs on research and consequences for health policies based on this research must be considered when creating future opt-out solutions.
Effect of light curing units on color stability and mechanical properties of resin cements after aging
Authors: Farina Morgana Fernandes de Freitas , Moda Mariana Dias , Fagundes Ticiane Cestari , Briso André Luiz Fraga , Dos Santos Paulo Henrique 
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the color stability, Martens hardness (HMV), and modulus of elasticity (Eit*) of resin cements light-cured using two types of light-emitting diodes (LED) subjected to ultraviolet (UV) aging. Two resin cements were used: light-cured (RelyX Veener) and dual-cured (Variolink II). Forty discs were confectioned for each resin cement (with a diameter of 5 mm and thickness of 1.5 mm). Half of the samples were light-cured by a Radii-cal singlewave and the other half by a Valo® polywave. The specimens were then stored at 37 °C and 100% relative humidity for 24 h to ensure complete polymerization. Baseline evaluations of the color alteration, HMV, and Eit* were performed. The specimens were aged for 252 h in an UV-accelerated aging chamber. Then, a final analysis was performed. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was performed on the color changes. Meanwhile, three-way repeated-measures ANOVA followed by Tukey´s test was performed on HMV and Eit* to compare the means (α = 0.05). With regard to the color alteration (ΔE), there was no statistically significant difference between the materials or between the light curing units (p > 0.05). With regard to the mechanical properties, Valo® promoted high values of HMV and Eit* compared with Radii-cal (p < 0.05). With regard to the resin cements, Variolink II showed higher HMV and Eit* values than RelyX Veneer (p < 0.05), except for Eit* after UV aging. The light-curing unit influenced the mechanical properties but not the color stability of the resin cements.
Transplantation of Stem Cell Spheroid-Laden 3-Dimensional Patches with Bioadhesives for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jeon Hye Ran , Kang Jeon Il , Bhang Suk Ho , Park Kyung Min , Kim Dong-Ik 
Published: March 2024

Myocardial infarction (MI) is treated with stem cell transplantation using various biomaterials and methods, such as stem cell/spheroid injections, cell sheets, and cardiac patches. However, current treatment methods have some limitations, including low stem cell engraftment and poor therapeutic effects. Furthermore, these methods cause secondary damage to heart due to injection and suturing to immobilize them in the heart, inducing side effects. In this study, we developed stem cell spheroid-laden 3-dimensional (3D) patches (S_3DP) with biosealant to treat MI. This 3D patch has dual modules, such as open pockets to directly deliver the spheroids with their paracrine effects and closed pockets to improve the engraft rate by protecting the spheroid from harsh microenvironments. The spheroids formed within S_3DP showed increased viability and expression of angiogenic factors compared to 2-dimensional cultured cells. We also fabricated gelatin-based tissue adhesive biosealants via a thiol-ene reaction and disulfide bond formation. This biosealant showed stronger tissue adhesiveness than commercial fibrin glue. Furthermore, we successfully applied S_3DP using a biosealant in a rat MI model without suturing in vivo, thereby improving cardiac function and reducing heart fibrosis. In summary, S_3DP and biosealant have excellent potential as advanced stem cell therapies with a sutureless approach to MI treatment.
Influência da gripe aviária (H5N1) sobre o ecossistema marinho: uma avaliação ecológica
Authors: Ferreira Ana Luisa Coimbra , Almeida Ana Luiza Gregório , Da Silva Camila Emanuelle Pereira , Silva Herick Henrique Souza , Casali Agnes , Negreiros Daniel 
Published: March 2024

A Gripe Aviária, causada pelo vírus H5N1, tem despertado preocupação global devido aos seus impactos na avicultura e na saúde pública. Recentemente, sua influência no ecossistema marinho também tem sido observada, instigando uma investigação mais profunda sobre seus efeitos nesse ambiente.
Este estudo tem como objetivo principal realizar um levantamento abrangente sobre como a Gripe Aviária está afetando o ecossistema marinho, examinando os surtos esporádicos do vírus desde sua identificação em 1996 na China até os casos mais recentes na América do Sul, com ênfase nas interações biológicas e nos impactos na biodiversidade marinha.
Para isso, realizamos uma revisão bibliográfica detalhada, abrangendo estudos sobre os efeitos da Gripe Aviária no ambiente marinho, além de analisar dados epidemiológicos e relatos de casos de infecção em aves marinhas e mamíferos marinhos.
Nossos resultados destacam a capacidade do vírus H5N1 de afetar não apenas aves, mas também a fauna marinha, incluindo mamíferos marinhos, como leões-marinhos e golfinhos. Observamos também uma relação entre a distribuição global do vírus e as rotas de migração das aves, evidenciando o papel das aves migratórias como reservatórios naturais do vírus.
Concluímos que a Gripe Aviária representa uma ameaça significativa para o ecossistema marinho, exigindo a implementação urgente de medidas preventivas e de conservação da biodiversidade marinha, sendo crucial entender esses impactos para mitigar os efeitos negativos da doença sobre a vida marinha e garantir a saúde dos ecossistemas oceânicos no futuro.
Pengembangan Program Kegiatan dan Pendampingan Penyusunan Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah (RPJMDes) Tahun 2023-2028 Desa Ulak Kembahang II
Authors: Mardalena Mardalena , Subardin Muhammad , Rohima Siti , Imelda Imelda , Sagita Ayu , Nida Rahma , Harunurrasyid Harunurrasyid 
Published: March 2024

Community Service Activities are one of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education that must be carried out, so the Service Team of the Faculty of Economics, Sriwijaya University hold a service activity in 2021 in Ulak Kembahang II Village, Pemulutan Barat District, Ogan Ilir Regency. This service activity is the provision of focus group discussion (FGD) and training in the preparation of the RPJMDes using the lecture, discussion, and questionnaire methods. The implementation of this activity is rooted in the problems faced by the Ulak Kembahang II village officials, namely the village officials still do not quite understand the importance of preparing the RPJMDes due to the lack of knowledge, skills and creativity, especially in the preparation of village programs and activities. Thus, the purpose of this activity is to carry out education and training for village officials in making RPJMDes so that village officials have knowledge and skills about making RPJMDes Ulak Kembahang II Village. The results of the questionnaire regarding the evaluation of participants' understanding of the material that had been delivered showed the participants' understanding level with an average of 82.33 percent. Thus, 29 participants in the activity consisting of 11 village officials, 4 BPD administrators, 3 LPM administrators, 4 PKK women, and 7 BUMDes administrators are expected to be able to prepare the RPJMDes of Ulak Kembahang Village II for the next period independently and participate fully in accordance with government guidelines or regulations.
Pengaruh Jenis ZPT dan Jenis Bahan Stek terhadap Pertumbuhan Stek Batang Tanaman Kelor (Moringa oleifera L.)
Authors: Salmah Salmah , Putra Iwandikasyah , Maulidia Vina , Jalil Muhammad 
Published: March 2024

Kelor merupakan tanaman tropis yang sudah tumbuh dan berkembang di Indonesia memiliki banyak manfaat dan bernilai gizi tinggi sehingga banyak diminati. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pembibitan untuk memperbanyak tanaman kelor. Upaya perbanyakan tanaman kelor secara vegetatif stek dengan penambahan zat pengatur tumbuh dan pemilihan bagian stek yang tepat agar diperoleh hasil yang cepat dan jumlah yang banyak. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis ZPT dan jenis bagian stek yang tepat agar di peroleh pertumbuhan stek tanaman kelor yang optimal. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober-Desember 2021 di Desa Padang kecamatan Manggeng kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya, menggunakan rancangan faktorial 4 x 3. Faktor pertama jenis ZPT yaitu kontrol, ekstrak bawang merah, Growtone 3.75 SP, Atonik, serta faktor kedua jenis bagian stek yaitu bagian pangkal, bagian tengah, bagian pucuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis ZPT berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap panjang tunas umur 4 MST, berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah tangkai daun umur 2 dan 4 MST. Namun, berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap panjang tunas umur 2 MST, jumlah tunas umur 2 dan 4 MST. Jenis ZPT terbaik dijumpai pada jenis ZPT ekstrak bawang merah. Bagian stek berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap panjang tunas umur 2 dan 4 MST serta jumlah tangkai daun umur 2 MST. Namun, berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap jumlah tunas umur 2 dan 4 MST serta jumlah tangkai daun umur 4 MST. Bagian stek terbaik dijumpai pada bagian pangkal dan tengah batang. Terdapat interaksi yang tidak nyata antara jenis ZPT dan bagian stek terhadap pertumbuhan stek tanaman kelor yang diamati.
Analisis Kemampuan Membaca di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Andari Kadek Dewi Wahyuni 
Published: March 2024

Membaca adalah proses mendapatkan informasi dari tulisan dengan tujuan untuk mengenal huruf hingga kalimat, memahami arti kata-kata dan kalimat serta untuk memperdalam ilmu pengetahuan. Melalui membaca tersebut diharapkan siswa akan lebih mudah belajar. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini masih rendahnya kemampuan membaca dilihat dari motivasi belajar siswa kelas II SDN 042 Tarakan. Oleh karena itu peneliti berupaya menganalisis kemampuan membaca siswa dilihat dari cara guru dan orang tua dalam memotivasi siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan membaca huruf, suku kata, kata, dan kalimat serta memahami makna kalimat melalui tes kemampuan membaca yang dilihat dari faktor motivasi belajar siswa kelas II SDN 042 Tarakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah kelas II-C SDN 042 Tarakan sebanyak 20 siswa, dipilih menggunakan cara sampling jenuh. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan 1 siswa yang baik kemampuan membacanya dan memiliki motivasi belajar yang baik dan 19 siswa masih kurang kemampuan membacanya diantaranya yaitu siswa yang kurang dalam membaca pemahaman 13 orang, siswa yang belum lancar membaca huruf 4 orang, siswa yang belum lancar membaca kata 2 orang, salah satu diantaranya masih mengeja. Dengan demikian, motivasi belajar yang diberikan guru dan orang tua masih kurang. Kata Kunci: Membaca, Motivasi BelajarReading is the process of getting information from written forms with the aim of getting to know letters to sentences, understanding the meaning of words and sentences, and deepening knowledge. By reading it is expected that students will learn more easily. The Problem in this research was the low reading ability viewed from the learning motivation of the second-grade students of SDN 042 Tarakan. Therefore, this research was to analyze the students’ reading abilities viewed from the way teachers and parents motivate their students. This research aimed to determine the ability of the second-grade students of SDN 042 Tarakan to read letters, syllables, words, and sentences, and to understand the meaning of sentences through a reading ability test viewed from a learning motivation factor. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method. The research subjects were the second- grade students of SDN 042 Tarakan consisting of 20 students which were selected using a saturated sampling technique. Based on the results of the research, it was found that 1 student had good reading ability and good learning motivation, and 19 students till lacked the ability to read, including 13 students were lack of reading comprehension, 4 students were not fluent in reading letters, 2 students were not fluent in reading words, 1 of them was still learning to spell. Thus, the learning motivation provided by the teachers and parents was still not optimal.Keywords: Reading, Learning Motivation
The Syntactic Notification in the Cognate Accusative and the Adverb in Ibn Ashour's (D. 1393 A.H.) (Tafsir al-Tahrir wal-Tanwir)
Authors: Duweij Muzhar Mahmoud Ibrahim , Satouri Muhammad Jassim Abid 
Published: March 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to derive and reach at a conceptual definition of the term “notification.” The study also aimed to point out Ibn Ashour’s syntactic viewpoints and unearth an array of scholars’ viewpoints regarding the parsing of verses that comprised notification in their parsing.
Methods: The study used the descriptive analytical approach that was based on presenting a description of the syntactic notification and analyzing the Quranic structures in which Ibn Ashour refers to notification. To achieve its objectives, the paper included an introduction tracing the history of notification among Arab scholars and a word on Ibn Ashour’s biography. The paper was also dedicated to discussing notification in terms of the cognate accusative and adverb in Arabic providing a synchronic presentation of verse’s parsing among syntacticians.
Results: The study results showed that notification is a form Arabic Syntax reasoning that explains why a certain utterance took this form or structure. Ibn Ashour, for example, concurs with other grammarians and syntacticians in the sense that the utterance “Subhanak” is a cognate accusative.
Conclusions: The study concluded that ancient grammarians alluded to and elaborated on notification in their writings. Yet, they never farmed it in a clear-cut definition.
Two-dimensional analytical model for a non-lightly doped drain SOI MOSFET
Authors: Xu Hui Fang , Cui Guo Wei , Li Yong , Sun Wen Yang , Xia Kui , He Chao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A two-dimensional (2D) analytical model considering the effects of the gate oxide region, channel region, and buried oxide region for a non-lightly doped drain (LDD) SOI MOSFET is proposed. The top and bottom surface potential distributions have been derived on the basis of solving 2D Poisson’s equation and using an evanescent mode analysis. The potential distribution, threshold voltage, and threshold voltage roll-off have been verified by Silvaco ATLAS simulated results for the proposed device with different device parameters. The model agrees well with the simulation results under the above-mentioned conditions. Therefore, the analytical model provides the basic designing guidance for non-LDD SOI MOSFETs.