bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HLA‐ABC and DR Antigens in Celiac Disease
Authors: Trabace S. , Giunta A. , Rosso M. , Marzorati D. , Cascino I. , Tettamanti A. , Mazzilli M.C. , Gandini E. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractHLA phenotypes of 64 Italian pediatric patients with celiac disease (CD) were compared with those of a group of healthy controls. DR3 and DR7 are significantly increased as reported in other populations. In addition an increase of heterozygotes DR5/DR7 was observed in our patients. The Hardy‐Weinberg distribution in the patients group shows a disequilibrium due to the genotype DR5/DR7. Our data confirm that more than one HLA gene product is associated with CD: one with DR3 and the other with DR7.
Mouse Monoclonal Antibodies with Anti‐A, Anti‐B and Anti‐A,B Specificities; Some Superior to Human Polyclonal ABO Reagents
Authors: Messeter L. , Brodin T. , Chester M. A. , Löw B. , Lundblad A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA series of fusions using mouse myeloma cells and spleen cells from mice immunized with blood group substances or human red cells was performed with the aim of obtaining ABO antibodies suitable for routine blood grouping. Seven strongly agglutinating antibodies against antigens in the ABO system were obtained from 18 fusions. These antibodies were tested extensively in manual and automated routines, and six of them were found to be as good as or better than commercial polyclonal test sera of human origin.
Incidence of T Activation in a Hospital Population
Authors: Rawlinson Violet I. , Stratton F. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe incidence of T activation in a hospital population has been studied. T polyagglutinability likely to cause serological problems was found in only 1:10,000 but minor degrees of T activation occurred in 1:200. In a number of cases, severe infections were accompanied by T activation, but we were unable to establish any primary association between T activation and anaemia. The findings suggested that individuals whose erythrocyte sialic acid levels are slightly lower than normal are those who, when hospital patients, are likely to develop various degrees of T activation.
Platelet Freezing for Serological Purposes with and without a Cryopreservative
Authors: Helmerhorst F.M. , ten Berge M.L. , Dalen C.M. van der Plas‐van , Engelfriet C.P. , von dem Borne A.E.G.Kr. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe compared the reactivity of fresh platelets with platelets frozen in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or without a cryopreservative by testing agglutinating and nonagglutinating platelet‐specific alloantibodies in titration. Frozen platelets, irrespective of the method of preservation, showed no loss of antigenicity as compared with fresh platelets. The yield of platelets frozen without a cryopreservative proved to be higher (80%) than platelets frozen in the presence of DMSO (50%). Platelets sensitized with autoantibodies from patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenia could also be stored by simple freezing in platelet‐rich plasma and used for (re)testing.
Isolation of Fab and Fc Fragments from a Plasmin‐Treated Human Immunoglobulin by High‐Speed Gel Filtration on TSK G3000SW and G3000SWG
Authors: Watabe S. , Takada K. , Shitori Y. , Hashimoto K. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA method is described for isolating intact 7S IgG, Fab and Fc fragments from a plasmin‐treated immunoglobulin by high‐speed gel filtration on a TSK G3000SW or G3000SWG column. The isolated 7S IgG, Fab and Fc fragments reacted with antihuman IgG, Fab and Fc antiserum, respectively, in both Ouchterlony's double immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis. Each of the Fab and Fc fragments formed a single precipitation line, demonstrating their homogeneity. Anticomplementary activities of intact 7S IgG, Fab and Fc fragments were 2.5,≤10 and 2.5 mg protein/ml to inhibit 2 units of CH50, respectively, and the diphtheria antitoxin contents were 2.1, 6.0 and 1.5 IU/150 mg protein, respectively. The molecular composition of plasmin‐treated immunoglobulin as determined by gel filtration on a TSK G3000SW column was as follows: 7S IgG 38.0±0.2%; Fab 42.6±0.1% and Fc fragment 19.3±0.1%.
Protective Effects of Human Gamma‐Globulin Preparations against Experimental Aerosol Infections of Mice with Bordetella pertussis
Authors: Imaizumi Atsushi , Suzuki Yoji , Sato Hiroko , Sato Yuji 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe protective effects of three types of pooled human gamma‐globulin preparations (intact: GG, S‐sulfonated: GGS, and pepsin‐treated: GGP) for intravenous use against experimental aerosol infection of mice with Bordetella pertussis have been evaluated. The gamma‐globulin preparations GG and GGS showed significant protective activity whereas GGP did not, as evaluated by survival numbers, body weight gains and suppression of leucocytosis. GG and GGS but not GGP also possessed neutralizing activity against leucocytosis‐promoting and histamine‐sensitizing activities of pertussis toxin (PT). Evaluation of protective activities of GG, GGS and GGP prepared from rabbit gamma‐globulin, highly immunized with PT and not containing any anti‐F‐HA (filamentous haemagglutinin) or agglutinin antibodies, demonstrated that anti‐PT‐GG and anti‐PT‐GGS but not anti‐PT‐GGP protected against experimental infection by B. pertussis. These studies showed that the protective activity was correlated with anti‐PT titre but that the Fc portion of the gamma‐globulin molecule is necessary for actual protection against whooping cough by B. pertussis.
Evidence for Sialylated Type 1 Blood Group Chains on Human Erythrocyte Membranes Revealed by Agglutination of Neuraminidase‐Treated Erythrocytes with Waldenström's Macroglobulin IgMwoo and Hybridoma Antibody FC 10.2
Authors: Picard Jean K. , Loveday Danuta , Feizi Ten 
Published: March 2009

AbstractHaemagglutination studies have been performed with untreated and neuraminidase‐treated human erythrocytes of the three Lewis antigen types Le(a‐b‐), Le (a+b‐) and Le(a‐b+) using two monoclonal antibodies, IgMwoo and FC 10.2, which were previously shown to recognize the type 1 based blood group chains: Galβl→3GlcNAcβl→3Galβl→4Glc/GlcNAc (for explanation of abbreviations see table IV legend). Both antibodies behaved as cold agglutinins with neuraminidase‐treated but not with untreated erythrocytes of the three Lewis antigen types. Neuraminidase‐treated erythrocytes of i antigen type were similarly agglutinated. This haemagglutination was specifically inhibited by the type 1 based milk oligosaccharide lacto‐N‐tetraose. Thus, there is strong evidence for the occurrence of sialylated type 1 chains on human erythrocyte membranes of I and i antigen types. In addition, evidence for the presence of type 1 chains which are both sialylated and fucosylated was obtained by (1) haemagglutination of Le(a+b‐) erythrocytes with the monoclonal antibody 19.9; (2) increased haemagglutination of neuraminidase‐treated erythrocytes with anti‐H antibodies of Bombay serum; (3) increased haemagglutination of neuraminidase‐treated Le(a+b‐) cells with anti‐Lea antibodies, and (4) the appearance of Lea antigen activity on neuraminidase‐treated erythrocytes of Le(a‐b+) type.
Two Further Examples of the Low‐Frequency Antigen Rea (Reid)
Authors: Rowe G.P. , Bowell P. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA positive direct antiglobulin reaction of a baby's cells, found during antenatal testing at Cardiff, was caused by a low‐frequency antigen which has been identified as Rea (ISBT No. 700019). Investigations with this, only the second example, anti‐Rea revealed another Re(a+) propositus in testing 6,635 random donors at Oxford; no further positive was found in 4,770 random donors at Cardiff. Study of the families of these two propositi, the first to be identified since the original Canadian family, confirmed that Rea was inherited as an autosomal Mendelian dominant. The families showed that Rea is not controlled by the ABO, Kell or Au loci and confirmed that it was not controlled by MNSs and was not X‐ or Y‐borne.
Effects of Oxygen on Red Cells during Liquid Storage at +4°C
Authors: Högman Claes F. , De Verdier Carl‐Henric , Ericson Åke , Hedlund Kenneth , Sandhagen Bo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractRed cells collected in CPD and suspended in SAGM medium were stored in plastic (PVC) containers for 42 days at +4°C. Comparison was made between aerobic storage (normal air exposure) and anaerobic storage (exposure to nitrogen gas). The air‐exposed units showed a strong increase in pO2 and oxygen saturation as a result of oxygen penetration into the bags from outside. This resulted in a decrease in ATP and adenylate energy charge, a slower metabolization of adenine and hypoxanthine to AMP and IMP, respectively, and a faster decrease in red cell fluidity. To explain the findings it is concluded that aerobic storage causes an increased need of high‐energy phosphate groups, possibly used for replacement of the phospholipid membrane bilayer or in repair of phosphate bonds in the cytoskeleton. It is further proposed that a slight formation of hydrogen peroxide from free oxygen radicals moderately increases the oxidation of reduced (GSH) to oxidized (GSSG) glutathione and slightly enhances the need for reduced nicotinamide‐adenine dinucleotides mainly provided by increased flux through the pentose phosphate shunt.
Hemophilia: State of the Art of Hematologic Care 1988
Authors: Kasper C.K. , Graham J.B. , Kernoff P.B.A. , Larrieu M.J. , Rickard K.A. , Mannucci P.M. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract. Since 1982, when the World Federation of Hemophilia first published a document on the state of the art of hemophilia diagnosis and care, there have been lights and shadows in this field. Although the widespread infection of hemophiliacs with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) contaminating clotting factor concentrates is still a threatening and formidable shadow, the gloomy picture brought about by the AIDS epidemic is partially lightened by spectacular improvements in therapy and diagnosis. Carrier detection and first‐trimester prenatal diagnosis can now be performed accurately in most kindreds by analysis of DNA of the factor VIII or IX genes. An important step forward towards the elimination of the risk of blood‐borne infections transmitted by plasma products was recently made through the application of virucidal methods to clotting factor concentrates. Since HIV appears more vulnerable to such methods than the hepatitis viruses, currently available concentrates can be considered substantially free from the risk of transmitting HIV infection. Even though transmission of hepatitis is much reduced but not totally abolished, virucidal methods are continuously being improved, so that it can be foreseen that concentrates will become safer and safer. Finally, factor VIII produced by recombinant DNA technology is undergoing the first clinical trials in hemophiliacs. Hopefully, it will free from the risk of transmitting infections and will be available in sufficiently large amounts to meet the need of hemophiliacs worldwide.In 1982, the World Federation of Hemophilia published a message [1] on the status of diagnosis and treatment of hemophilia. Since then, hemophilia care has been complicated by widespread infection of hemophiliacs with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Improvements have been made since 1982 in (1) diagnosis, especially carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis, and (2) treatment, especially with the development of safer clotting factor concentrates.
Comparison of Platelet Activation and Membrane Glycoprotein Ib and IIb‐IIIa Expression after Filtration through Three Different Leukocyte Removal Filters
Authors: Bertolini Francesco , Rebulla Paolo , Porretti Laura , Sirchia Girolamo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe evaluated three filters used for leukocyte removal from platelet concentrates: Imugard IG 500, Pall PL100 and Sepacell PL‐10A. Filter performance, platelet activation and expression of membrane glycoproteins Ib and IIb‐IIIa were evaluated. Imugard, Pall and Sepacell showed median postfiltration in vitro platelet recoveries of 88, 84 and 80%, and total residual leukocyte counts of 16.1, 7.5 and 0.6 times 106/pool of 8 platelet concentrates, respectively. Mean platelet volume was reduced after filtration with all filters. Postfiltration values of glycoproteins Ib and IIb‐IIIa, and of activation markers GMP 140 and gp 53 were not significantly different from prefiltration values. Filtration through Imugard, Pall and Sepacell did not induce significant platelet activation or modifications of platelet membrane glycoproteins Ib and IIb‐IIIa.
Immune Hemolytic Anemia Associated with Biclonal Cold Autoagglutinins
Authors: Tschirhart Donald L. , Kunkel Lori , Shulman Ira A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA 65‐year‐old man with bladder outlet obstruction due to prostatic hypertrophy was incidentally discovered to have cold‐antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia (cold‐aggluthinin syndrome; CAS) due to autoanti‐I (titer 1,024 at 4°C and 64 at 30°C), and a biclonal gammopathy. Immunofixation electrophoresis of serum and a red blood cell eluate revealed the patient's autoantibody to be biclonal IgMx and IgAx. No underlying cause could be determined to explain the development of either the biclonal gammopathy or the CAS. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of CAS associated with a biclonal gammopathy and biclonal cold autoagglutinins of the IgMx, IgAx type.
Neolacto (Type‐2 Chain)‐Sialoautoantigens Recognized by Human Cold Agglutinins
Authors: Roelcke D. , Hengge U. , Kirschfink M. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe antigens Fl and Vo, recognized by cold agglutinins, are protease‐resistant differentiation antigens like I and i antigens. In contrast to Ii, Fl and Vo are sialidase‐susceptible antigens like the protease‐resistant Gd antigens. Because I/i antigens are branched/linear type‐2 (poly‐N‐acetyllactosamine or neolacto series) chains which are cleaved from red cells by endo‐β‐galactosidase, the effect of the enzyme on Fl, Vo and Gd antigens was studied. Fl and Gd antigens, previously shown to be sialylated branched (Fl), and linear and branched (Gd) type‐2 sequences, were not inactivated on red cells by the enzyme, whereas Vo antigenicity was completely abolished. The data suggest that Vo antigen is expressed on sialylated linear poly‐N‐acetyllactosamine sequences.
An Outbreak of Non‐A, Non‐B Hepatitis Associated with the Infusion of a Commercial Factor IX Complex during Cardiovascular Surgery1
Authors: Gerber A. R. , Englender S. J. , Selvey D. , Carlson J. F. , Matthews D. L. , Webster H. M. , Caldwell G. G. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract. An outbreak of non‐A, non‐B hepatitis was recognized among cardiovascular surgical patients from one hospital in June 1985. Illness was found to be significantly associated with a commercial brand of factor IX complex given to patients because of intraoperative bleeding. A change in the commercial brand of factor IX stocked by the hospital pharmacy had occurred in October 1984 and coincided with the onset of the outbreak. A retrospective study of cardiovascular surgery patients identified 23 cases and 7 probable cases of non‐A, non‐B hepatitis among patients who had received infusions of brands A and B factor IX complex. Three cases were in brand A recipients and 27 were in brand B recipients. Respective brand‐specific attack rates were 5 and 42% (relative risk = 7.7; p<2 × l0‐5; χ2 test). Nineteen of 30 case patients (63%) were jaundiced, including 2 brand A recipients and 17 brand B recipients. Median peak serum aminotransferase was 690.5 IU (range 27–2,824). The incubation period for cases in brand B recipients was a median of 7 weeks (range 2–17 weeks).Prevention of non‐A, non‐B hepatitis in this population requires adhering to strict indications for the use of clotting factor preparations and avoiding these products when at all possible. Heat treatment of clotting factor products may reduce the risk of viral disease transmission, but certain methods may not inactivate the causative agents of non‐A, non‐B hepatitis.
Interviews with Anti‐HIV‐Positive Individuals Detected through the Systematic Screening of Blood Donations: Consequences on Predonation Medical Interview
Authors: Lefrère Jean‐Jacques , Elghouzzi Marie‐Hélène , Paquez François , N'Dalla Jacob , Nubel Luc 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis study is based upon interviews with 74 individuals found to be human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐seropositive through the screening of blood donations between January 1988 and December 1990. The donation history and the risk factor of HIV infection were established. Questions about the use of blood donation as a diagnostic test and on the notion of a predonation medical interview evoking the risk factor were asked. The majority of the individuals had a risk factor of HIV infection and had given their blood for serological testing. This data can help to adapt the predonation medical interview to the present epidemiological context of HIV infection. The improvement of this interview will contribute to the decrease of the residual transfusional risk of HIV infection.
A Murine Monoclonal Antibody Directed against the Gerbich 3 Blood Group Antigen
Authors: Loirat M.J. , Gourbil A. , Frioux Y. , Midler J. Y. , Blanchard D. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA murine monoclonal antibody (NaM19–3C4, IgG1, Kappa) was produced from splenocytes of mice immunized with red blood cells. The antibody agglutinated untreated Ge:2,3,4 and Ge:‐2,3,4 erythrocytes in indirect antiglobulin test but failed to agglutinate trypsin‐treated cells. Gerbich‐negative erythrocyte of the Leach‐ (Ge:‐2,‐3,‐4) and of the Gerbich‐ (Ge:‐2,‐3,4) types were not recognized by the antibody. Immunoblotting experiments showed that the antibody bound to glycophorins C and D from control erythrocytes and to the abnormal glycophorin C identified in the Gerbich‐negative cells of the Yussef type (Ge:‐2,3,4). No binding to the altered glycophorin C from Ge:‐2,‐3,4 erythrocytes was observed, indicating that the antibody specifically recognized the Ge:3 epitope localized within residues 40–50 of glycophorin C.
First Autoclave‐Sterilized Platelet‐Additive Solution Containing Glucose with a Physiological pH for the Preparation of Plasma‐Poor Platelet Concentrates
Authors: Shimizu T. , Shibata K. , Kora S. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe glucose‐free platelet‐additive solution (termed AR solution), developed by Adams and Rock [Transfusion 1988;28:217—220], was modified by adding glucose as an energy substrate for platelets and maltose to prevent platelet lysis and by replacing sodium gluconate with sodium phosphate for better pH maintenance. The new platelet‐additive solution (termed Seto solution) contained 90 mM NaCl, 5mM KCl, 3mM MgCl2, 17 mM tri‐sodium citrate, 4.9 mM NaH2PO4, 20.1 mM Na2HPO4, 23 mM sodium acetate, 28.8 mM maltose, and 23.5 mM glucose with a pH of 7.4. The solution was sterilized by autoclaving in plastic bags in nitrogen to prevent glucose caramelization at high pH. Plasma‐poor platelet concentrates prepared by adding Seto solution to the pelleted platelet buttons were stored in a LE‐2 polyolefin bag at 22 °C with constant agitation for 5 days. The platelets suspended in Seto solution maintained oxygen consumption at a rate of 1.1 nmol/min/109 platelets after 5‐day storage, with glucose consumption and lactate production rates of 0.5 ± 0.2 and 1.2 ± 0.2 nmol/min/109 platelets, respectively. This resulted in a final mean pH of 7.0. Those suspended in AR solution ceased glycolysis within 3 days because residual plasma glucose had been consumed. This was associated with decreases in percent hypotonic shock response and aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate and collagen. Lactate dehydrogenase discharge in AR solution was 5 and 8 times higher at day 3 and day 5, respectively, than that of Seto solution. Morphologically, there were no ballooned platelets after storage in Seto solution. Platelets stored in Seto solution were nearly equal to those stored in plasma. Conclusions: Steam‐sterilized Seto‐additive solution caused better storage of platelets for 5 days than AR solution, suggesting that glucose is important for optimal storage. Phosphate acts as an effective buffer and maltose stabilizes platelet volumes.
Quantitation of the Human Component C4: Definition of C4 Q0 Alleles and C4A Duplications
Authors: Rebmann Vera , Doxiadis Mas , Kubens Britta S. , Grosse‐Wilde Hans 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe determined the C4 plasma concentrations of 48 genotypically C4A‐ and C4B‐defined unrelated individuals from 34 families with a total of 196 members by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay using Rg:1,2 (C4A) and Ch:1 (C4B) specific monoclonal antibodies. The results obtained allowed the establishment of rules for the detection of C4 Q0 alleles in the heterozygous form and of C4A gene duplications. In the present study seven homoduplications of the C4A 3 allotype were defined which had not been detected by allotyping. This procedure allows the simple, reliable, and quick determination of Rg:1,2 and Ch:l plasma levels which are not influenced by daily rhythms of C4 production.
Studies in Red Blood Cell Preservation: 5. Determining the Limiting Concentrations of NH4Cl and Na2HPO4 Needed to Maintain Red Blood Cell ATP during Storage
Authors: Dumaswala U.J. , Oreskovic R. T. , Petrosky T. L. , Greenwalt T.J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to define the lowest concentrations of ammonium (NH4+) and phosphate (Pi) in an experimental additive solution (EAS) that would support suitable red blood cell (RBC) ATP levels and other in vitro characteristics for at least 84 days. It was determined that ATP maintenance was dependent upon both NH4+ and Pi concentrations. RBCs stored for 84 days in additive solutions containing 10 mM NH4+ and 0,15, 25 and 40 mM Pi had ATP values averaging 1.87, 2.49, 2.70 and 2.65 μmol/g Hb, respectively. The shedding of exocytic hemoglobin‐containing vesicles and percent hemolysis were significantly (p < 0.001) elevated in the preservative containing 40 mM Pi. These data suggest that an EAS containing 10 mM NH4+ and 15 mM Pi would be optimal for storing RBCs up to 84 days. The extended storage would be particularly advantageous for autologous transfusion programs.
A Study of Autologous Blood Collected after Joint Replacement Surgery
Authors: Robbins G. , Grech H. , Howes K. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBlood from the surgical drains of 11 patients undergoing joint replacement was collected in the Solcotrans Orthopaedic autologous transfusion device and analysed for microparticulate matter before and after micro‐aggregate filtration and for its effect on the coagulation of paired venous blood samples. An average of 165 ml (range 0–260 ml) was collected into the Solcotrans during the first hour. Using a Coulter Counter Zm particle counter, particulate matter of diameter 10—20 μm was found in only 2 of 10 collections at an average concentration of 33 × 103/l. All units contained acoagulable blood [kaolin partial thromboplastin time (KPTT) > 600 s] but when mixed with paired post‐operative venous samples exhibited the ability to shorten the KPTT by an average of 4.3 s inspite of the marked dilutional effect of mixing. Retransfusion of blood collected in the Solcotrans Orthopaedic device appears to be a suitable method to supplement or substitute pre‐deposit and reduce exposure to homologous blood. Given the low incidence and concentration of microparticles detected, retransfusion of shed blood by this method is unlikely to cause significant pulmonary vascular occlusion resulting directly from deposition of microparticles.