bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LncRNA MIR100HG affects the proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer cells through mediating the microRNA‐5590‐3p/DCBLD2 axis
Authors: Min Shengping , Zhang Linxiang , Zhang Li , Liu Fangfang , Liu Miao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) MIR100HG on the proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer cells by mediating the microRNA (miR)−5590‐3p/DCBLD2 axis.MethodsRNA levels of MIR100HG, miR‐5590‐3p, and DCBLD2 in lung cancer tissues and cells were detected by quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction, and protein level was assessed by Western blot. Effects of MIR100HG or miR‐5590‐3p on proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells were detected by Cell Counting Kit‐8, colony formation, and Transwell assays. Luciferase reporter assay and RNA‐immunoprecipitation assay confirmed the target relationship between miR‐5590‐3p and MIR100HG or DCBLD2.ResultsMIR100HG and DCBLD2 were highly expressed, while miR‐5590‐3p was lowly expressed in lung cancer tissues and cells. Silencing MIR100HG or upregulating miR‐5590‐3p impeded lung cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. MIR100HG could up‐regulate DCBLD2 by sponging miR‐5590‐3p. Downregulation of miR‐5590‐3p partly overturned the suppressive effect of silencing MIR100HG on lung cancer cell proliferation and metastasis, and overexpression of DCBLD2 also reversed the effect of overexpression of miR‐5590‐3p on lung cancer cell proliferation and metastasis.ConclusionLncRNA MIR100HG promotes lung cancer progression by targeting and negatively regulating DCBLD2 through binding with miR‐5590‐3p.
Circulating microRNAs in association with pancreatic cancer risk within 5 years
Authors: Wang Cong , Cai Hui , Cai Qiuyin , Wu Jie , Stolzenberg‐Solomon Rachael , Guo Xingyi , Zhu Claire , Gao Yu‐Tang , Berlin Jordan , Ye Fei , Zheng Wei , Setiawan Veronica Wendy , Shu Xiao‐Ou 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEarly detection is critical for improving pancreatic cancer prognosis. Our study aims to identify circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with pancreatic cancer risk. The two‐stage study used plasma samples collected ≤5 years prior to cancer diagnosis, from case–control studies nested in five prospective cohort studies. The discovery stage included 185 case–control pairs from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Replication stage samples comprised 277 pairs from Shanghai Women's Health Study/Shanghai Men's Health Study, Southern Community Cohort Study, and Multiethnic Cohort Study. Seven hundred and ninety‐eight miRNAs were measured using the NanoString nCounter Analysis System. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for per 10% change in miRNAs in association with pancreatic cancer risk were derived from conditional logistic regression analysis in discovery and replication studies, separately, and then meta‐analyzed. Stratified analysis was conducted by age at diagnosis (<65/≥65 years) and time interval between sample collection and diagnosis (≤2/>2 years). In the discovery stage, 120 risk associated miRNAs were identified at p < .05. Three were validated in the replication stage: hsa‐miR‐199a‐3p/hsa‐miR‐199b‐3p, hsa‐miR‐767‐5p, and hsa‐miR‐191‐5p, with respective ORs (95% CI) being 0.89 (0.84–0.95), 1.08 (1.02–1.13), and 0.90 (0.85–0.95). Five additional miRNAs, hsa‐miR‐640, hsa‐miR‐874‐5p, hsa‐miR‐1299, hsa‐miR‐22‐3p, and hsa‐miR‐449b‐5p, were validated among patients diagnosed at ≥65 years, with OR (95% CI) of 1.23 (1.09–1.39), 1.33 (1.16–1.52), 1.25 (1.09–1.43), 1.28 (1.12–1.46), 0.76 (0.65–0.89), and 1.22 (1.07–1.39), respectively. The miRNA targets were enriched in pancreatic carcinogenesis/progression‐related pathways. Our study suggests that circulating miRNAs may identify individuals at high risk for pancreatic cancer ≤5 years prior to diagnosis, indicating its potential utility in cancer screening and surveillance.
Acquisition deal characteristics and earnings management: New evidence fromGulf Cooperation Council countries
Authors: Alghemary Mahmoud , Al‐Najjar Basil , Polovina Nereida 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, we empirically investigate the association between acquisition deal characteristics and two forms of earnings management: accruals earnings management and real earnings management. Our focus is on acquiring firms listed in six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Employing a panel data approach to explore these interrelationships, our findings suggest that acquiring companies involved in cross‐border deals tend to resort to accruals earnings management before the acquisition rather than real earnings management. Conversely, acquiring firms engaged in unrelated industrial deals are inclined to employ real earnings management over accruals earnings management. Moreover, our analysis indicates that the extent of acquired ownership acts as an effective tool in mitigating both forms of earnings management. Similarly, cash payment acquisitions emerge as an efficient means of curtailing both accruals and real earnings management. These results underscore that the engagement of GCC acquiring firms in earnings management is influenced by the specific characteristics inherent in the acquisition deals.
Question 65 What on‐farm techniques can increase water productivity? General report
Authors: Randev Ashwani Kumar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTechnological interventions in tackling water scarcity in agriculture delve into the water productivity issue through available alternative water resources and on‐farm techniques including both structural measures and agronomic practices accompanied by a sound water management approach. On‐farm water management has been addressed under Congress Question 65 through deliberations on irrigation efficiency, soil moisture forecasts and hydrological predictions, efficient and timely distribution of water, controlling non‐beneficial evaporation and reducing non‐returnable losses of irrigation water at existing and state‐of‐the‐art levels using technologies such as SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) and sensor technology. A wide range of land, water and crop‐related important parameters such as soil degradation, soil moisture, zero tillage, conservation agriculture, water demand and supply, future irrigation demand, biologically degradable mulching materials, cost‐effective design of drip irrigation, water quality and cultivation practices through simulation for evaluating environmental impact and adaptation capacity of farmers were addressed. The major outcomes inferred increasing water productivity through optimizing agricultural water use that led to higher crop yields. IoT (Internet of Things) technologies can provide accurate and dynamic information of water consumption and rainfall in real time and have the potential of adapting to climate change scenarios.
How does monetary policy affect income and wealth inequality? Evidence from quantitative easing in the euro area
Authors: Lenza Michele , Slacalek Jiri 
Published: April 2024

SummaryThis paper evaluates the impact of quantitative easing on income and wealth of individual euro area households. We first estimate the aggregate effects of a quantitative easing (QE) shock, identified by means of external instruments, in a multi‐country vector autoregression (VAR) model with unemployment, wages, gross operating surplus, interest rates, house prices, and stock prices. We then distribute the aggregate effects across households using a reduced‐form simulation on micro‐data, which captures the portfolio composition, the income composition, and the earnings heterogeneity channels of transmission. The earnings heterogeneity channel is important: QE compresses the income distribution because many households with lower incomes become employed. In contrast, monetary policy has only negligible effects on the Gini coefficient for wealth: While high‐wealth households benefit from higher stock prices, middle‐wealth households benefit from higher house prices.
Numerical study of osteophyte effects on preoperative knee functionality in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Tzanetis Periklis , de Souza Kevin , Robertson Seonaid , Fluit René , Koopman Bart , Verdonschot Nico 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOsteophytes are routinely removed during total knee arthroplasty, yet the preoperative planning currently relies on preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans of the patient's osteoarthritic knee, typically including osteophytic features. This complicates the surgeon's ability to anticipate the exact biomechanical effects of osteophytes and the consequences of their removal before the operation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of osteophytes on ligament strains and kinematics, and ascertain whether the osteophyte volume and location determine the extent of this effect. We segmented preoperative CT scans of 21 patients, featuring different osteophyte severity, using image‐based active appearance models trained to identify the osteophytic and preosteophytic bone geometries and estimate the cartilage thickness in the segmented surfaces. The patients' morphologies were used to scale a template musculoskeletal knee model. Osteophytes induced clinically relevant changes to the knee's functional behavior, but these were variable and patient‐specific. Generally, severe osteophytic knees significantly strained the oblique popliteal ligament (OPL) and posterior capsule (PC) relative to the preosteophytic state. Furthermore, there was a marked effect on the lateral collateral ligament and anterolateral ligament (ALL) strains compared to mild and moderate osteophytic knees, and concurrent alterations in the tibial lateral‐medial translation and external–internal rotation. We found a strong correlation between the OPL, PC, and ALL strains and posterolateral condylar and tibial osteophytes, respectively. Our findings may have implications for the preoperative planning in total knee arthroplasty, toward reproducing the physiological knee biomechanics as close as feasibly possible.
Machine Learning for Predictive Analysis of Otolaryngology Residency Letters of Recommendation
Authors: Vasan Vikram , Cheng Christopher P. , Lerner David K. , Pascual Karen , Mercado Amanda , Iloreta Alfred Marc , Teng Marita S. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionLetters of recommendation (LORs) are a highly influential yet subjective and often enigmatic aspect of the residency application process. This study hypothesizes that LORs do contain valuable insights into applicants and can be used to predict outcomes. This pilot study utilizes natural language processing and machine learning (ML) models using LOR text to predict interview invitations for otolaryngology residency applicants.MethodsA total of 1642 LORs from the 2022–2023 application cycle were retrospectively retrieved from a single institution. LORs were preprocessed and vectorized using three different techniques to represent the text in a way that an ML model can understand written prose: CountVectorizer (CV), Term Frequency‐Inverse Document Frequency (TF‐IDF), and Word2Vec (WV). Then, the LORs were trained and tested on five ML models: Logistic Regression (LR), Naive Bayes (NB), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM).ResultsOf the 337 applicants, 67 were interviewed and 270 were not interviewed. In total, 1642 LORs (26.7% interviewed) were analyzed. The two best‐performing ML models in predicting interview invitations were the TF‐IDF vectorized DT and CV vectorized DT models.ConclusionThis preliminary study revealed that ML models and vectorization combinations can provide better‐than‐chance predictions for interview invitations for otolaryngology residency applicants. The high‐performing ML models were able to classify meaningful information from the LORs to predict applicant interview invitation. The potential of an automated process to help predict an applicant's likelihood of obtaining an interview invitation could be a valuable tool for training programs in the future.Level of EvidenceN/A Laryngoscope, 134:4016–4022, 2024
Temporal and depth‐dependent variations in soil aggregate‐associated organic carbon in reclaimed coastal poplar plantations
Authors: Liu Jiangwei , Cheng Xiangrong , Xu Haidong , Zhang Shuoxin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCoastal reclamation alters the ecological environment of wetlands and influences global carbon cycles. However, variations in soil organic carbon fractions and stability in the soil profile during reclamation, particularly in the subsoil, remain unclear. In this study, soil aggregate‐associated organic carbon and its stability were investigated in soil profiles (0–100 cm) at different reclamation times (0, 24, 44, and 64 years) in coastal poplar plantations in East China. Total soil organic carbon concentrations in the topsoil (0–40 cm) increased with increasing reclamation time but varied little in the subsoil (40–100 cm). In the topsoil, the soil organic carbon concentrations in different aggregate fractions tended to increase with increasing reclamation time, which was enhanced mainly by particulate organic carbon within macro‐aggregates. In the subsoil, soil organic carbon concentrations increased in the micro‐aggregate fraction and decreased in the silt and clay fraction with increasing reclamation time, whereas the opposite changes led to smaller variations in total soil organic carbon. This relative balance was regulated by micro‐aggregate formation via new organic matter input (e.g., root litter) and old mineral‐associated organic carbon depletion. Regardless of the soil horizon, soil aggregate stability increased with reclamation time, whereas the total particulate organic carbon/mineral‐associated organic carbon ratio increased with increasing reclamation time, implying that the soil organic carbon stability decreased, which may be attributed to an increase in the vulnerability of soil organic matter to mineralization as the reclamation progresses. These findings indicate that long‐term plantation development influences aggregate‐associated organic carbon accrual throughout the soil profile in reclaimed coastal land. Thus, effective management is required to improve soil organic carbon accrual in coastal woodland subsoil, which is crucial for increasing soil carbon sequestration.
From seasonal field study to surrogate modeling: Investigating the biomechanical dynamics of Elymus sp. in salt marshes
Authors: Keimer Kara , Kind Felix , Prüter Inga , Kosmalla Viktoria , Lojek Oliver , Schürenkamp David , Prinz Markus , Niewerth Stephan , Aberle Jochen , Goseberg Nils 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSalt marshes have been studied in the context of ecosystem services they can provide for coastal protection. In this study, monthly field campaigns focusing on Elymus spp. and its biomechanical properties were conducted from December 2021 to December 2022 on the German Barrier Island Spiekeroog. A total of 1390 specimens were investigated to determine their growth length, out of which 418 specimens were investigated mechanically with three‐point bending tests to determine their biomechanical properties. To evaluate the interaction of hydraulic loads and vegetation, the challenge of modeling biomechanical plant properties to scale is addressed by using resin 3D printing with flexible material, while focusing on the materials mechanical properties. Based on the field data acquired and additional literature (adding up to 1959 measurements), a cylindrical plant model with an outer diameter of (scale 1 : 1) was developed. It was manufactured mixing two resin components with varying volume ratios resulting in surrogates with different flexural stiffnesses. The surrogates were characterized using three‐point bending tests and image analysis of their bending behavior when subjected to currents between 0.4 and 1.2 m/s. With the average Young's modulus ranging from 8.45 to 1708.42 MPa, the bending angle varies from 0° to 77.4° displaying the influence of material stiffness and flow velocity. Applying the Cauchy scaling law, this study shows that resin 3D printing can be used to model Elymus sp. with respect to its biomechanical properties allowing for seasonally independent physical laboratory experiments with plant models.
Polymer Physics behind the Gel‐Spinning of UHMWPE Fibers
Authors: Wang Zefan , Sangroniz Leire , Xu Jian , Zhu Caizhen , Müller Alejandro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGel‐spinning of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers has attracted great interest in academia and industry since its birth and commercialization in the 1980s, due to unique properties such as high modulus, low density, and excellent chemical resistance. However, the high viscosity and long relaxation time greatly complicate processing. In industry, solvents, like decalin and paraffin oil, usually disentangle the physical networks and promote final drawability. From extruding the polymer solution to post‐solid‐stretching, many polymer physics problems that accompany high‐modulus fiber gel‐spinning should be understood and addressed. In this review, by detailed discussions about the effect of entanglements and intracrystalline chain dynamics on the mechanical properties of UHMWPE, theoretical descriptions of the structure formation of disentangled UHMWPE crystals, and the origin of high modulus and strength of final fibers are provided. Several physical intrinsic key factors are also discussed, revealing why UHMWPE is an ideal material for producing high‐performance fibers.
A review of the microstructure and tensile behavior of additively manufactured metastable β Ti alloys
Authors: Pereloma Elena 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis review summarizes and critically discusses the current knowledge on the microstructures and tensile properties of metastable β Ti alloys fabricated by selective laser melting and laser metal deposition techniques. The effects of post‐heat treatments are also addressed. The spatial variations in the microstructure and properties are linked with the processing parameters. The review also compares the additively manufactured and post heat‐treated metastable β Ti alloys with their wrought counterparts. It highlights the research questions for further investigations.
Investigation of Antiproliferative Effects of Combinations of White and Black Garlic Extracts with 5‐Fluorouracil (5‐FU) on Caco‐2 Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells
Authors: Ozalp Unal Derya , Sel Tevhide 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGarlic is rich in bioactive compounds that are effective against colon cancer cells. This study tests the antioxidant and antiproliferative effects of cold‐extracted white and black garlic extracts. Black garlic extracted in water (SSU) exhibits the highest antioxidant activity, phenolic content, and flavonoid content, while black garlic extracted in ethanol (SET) shows the lowest values. Caspase‐3 activity is notably higher in the white garlic extracted in methanol (BME), white garlic extracted in methanol combines with 5‐FU, black garlic extracted in ethanol (SET), black garlic extracted in ethanol combines with 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU), and 5‐FU treatments compare to the control group (p > 0.05). BME+5‐FU displays the highest caspase‐8 activity (p < 0.05). A decrease in NF‐κB levels is observed in the SET+5‐FU group (p>0.05), while COX‐2 activities decrease in the BME, SET+5‐FU, SET, and 5‐FU groups (p>0.05). Wound healing increases in the BME, BME+5‐FU, SET+5‐FU, and 5‐FU groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, aqueous black garlic extract may exhibit pro‐oxidant activity despite its high antioxidant capacity. It is worth noting that exposure to heat‐treated food and increased sugar content may lead to heightened inflammation and adverse health effects. This study is the first to combine garlic with chemo‐preventive drugs like 5‐FU in Caco‐2 cells.
Curry‐Odorants and Their Metabolites Transfer into Human Milk and Urine
Authors: Debong Marcel W. , Homm Ines , Gigl Michael , Lang Roman , Hofmann Thomas , Buettner Andrea , Dawid Corinna , Loos Helene M. 
Published: April 2024

ScopeThe excretion of dietary odorants into urine and milk is evaluated and the impact of possible influencing factors determined. Furthermore, the metabolic relevance of conjugates for the excretion into milk is investigated.Methods and ResultsLactating mothers (n = 20) are given a standardized curry dish and donated one milk and urine sample each before and 1, 2, 3, 4.5, 6, and 8 h after the intervention. The concentrations of nine target odorants in these samples are determined. A significant transition is observed for linalool into milk, as well as for linalool, cuminaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol into urine. Maximum concentrations are reached within 1 h after the intervention in the case of milk and within 2–3 h in the case of urine. In addition, the impact of glucuronidase treatment on odorant concentrations is evaluated in a sample subset of twelve mothers. Linalool, eugenol, and vanillin concentrations increased 3–77‐fold in milk samples after treatment with β‐glucuronidase.ConclusionThe transfer profiles of odorants into milk and urine differ qualitatively, quantitatively, and in temporal aspects. More substances are transferred into urine and the transfer needs a longer period compared with milk. Phase II metabolites are transferred into urine and milk.
Assessing and Comparing Potential Allergenicity of Two Partially Hydrolyzed Whey‐Based Formulas for Infants: A Population‐Based Study in China
Authors: Sun Lijuan , Han Shiwen , Duan Sufang , Mao Like , Li Fang , Tu Zhenhua , Che Huilian 
Published: April 2024

ScopeIn cases where breast milk is unavailable or inadequate, hydrolyzed infant formula is recommended as the primary alternative. The aim of this study is to assess and compare the allergenicity of two partially hydrolyzed whey‐based formulas (PHF‐Ws) using serum samples from patients with cow's milk allergy (CMA).Methods and resultsLC‐MS/MS technology is used to investigate the peptide distribution in both samples. The immunoreactivity of two PHF‐Ws in 27 serum samples from 50 Chinese infants (02 years) with CMA is analyzed. The results demonstrate that even with a similar a degree of hydrolysis (DH), primary protein sources, peptides with molecular weights <5 kDa, and differences in the number of residual allergenic epitopes in the hydrolyzed peptide segments can lead to varying immune responses.ConclusionThe two PHF‐Ws have notably high intolerance rates, exceeding 10% among infants with CMA. Therefore, suggesting that PHF‐Ws may not be suitable for infants and children with CMA in China.
Pressure‐dependent adhesion between solid‐supported PC‐lipid bilayers and vesicles under electric fields
Authors: Zhang Yu , Jin Di , Klein Jacob 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFusion of lipid bilayers in membranes is important in processes from vesicle‐cell interactions (as in drug delivery) to exosome‐cell signaling, while transient transmembrane electric fields are known to occur spontaneously. Two contacting phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipid membranes are known to fuse into one under external electric fields, suggesting that the interaction between them is modified by the field as they approach, prior to the fusion event. Here we measure directly the adhesion energy between dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and between distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC) surface layers attached to solid substrates both without and with a transmembrane electric field. We find a marked pressure‐dependent adhesion behavior in the electric field, which we attribute to fusion intermediates that are formed, shedding new light on membrane electro‐fusion.