bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience and caring needs of patients with psoriasis: A qualitative meta‐synthesis
Authors: Ou Minxing , Xue Yanan , Qin Yiyi , Zhang Xiujie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAs a chronic skin disease, psoriasis often affects the physical, psychological and social status of the patient, which in turn impacts on their experience of illness and needs. However, there is no review of qualitative research that integrates and analyses the experiences and needs of these three influences from a holistic perspective.MethodsThis review follows the ENTREQ guidelines. Six English databases (JBI, Cochrane Library, PubMed, PsyINFO, CINAHL and Embase) and three Chinese databases (CNKI, VIP and Wanfang) were searched from January 2012 to October 2022. Literature was included if it was relevant to the experience of illness and caring needs of patients with psoriasis. The JBI‐QARI was used to rate the quality of included studies.ResultsEleven studies were included in the meta‐synthesis. Four analytical themes were identified for analysis: physical challenges, psychological discomfort, social phenomena and caring needs.ConclusionsThe combined physical, psychological and social effects of psoriasis and the consequent caring needs should be emphasised. Health professionals, including doctors and nurses, should be aware of the multiple changes in patients and their coping strategies, provide information about psoriasis, monitor and follow‐up regularly over time and obtain feedback to inform further treatment and care so as to develop high‐quality therapeutic interventions to help and guide patients with their coping strategies.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThese findings describe the physical, psychological and social experiences of illness and caring needs of patients with psoriasis. Healthcare professionals should be more aware of patients' easily overlooked psychological and social distress, providing prompt attention and recognition of patients' experiences and needs, offering relevant assistance and support and enhancing daily, regular follow‐up to help them improve their understanding of and ability to manage their illness.No Patient or Public ContributionThis is a meta‐synthesis without direct patient involvement.
Psychological treatments for temporomandibular disorder pain—A systematic review
Authors: Christidis Nikolaos , Al‐Moraissi Essam Ahmed , Al‐Ak'hali Mohammed Sultan , Minarji Natalie , Zerfu Bethel , Grigoriadis Anastasios , Schibbye Robert , Christidis Maria 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTemporomandibular disorders (TMD) are common. They affect abilities for carrying out daily tasks and influence different psychological aspects. In addition to standard treatment, psychological treatments have been suggested. The aim was to investigate the effects of psychological treatments on patients with painful TMD in a short‐ and long‐term perspective.Materials and MethodsAn electronic search was conducted in the databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Web of Science for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) reporting psychological interventions for TMD. Registered beforehand in PROSPERO (CRD42022320106). In total, 18 RCTs were included; six RCTs that could be used in the meta‐analysis, and all 18 RCTs were used in the narrative synthesis. Risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane's tool for assessing risk of bias and certainty of evidence by GRADE.ResultsThe narrative synthesis indicates that psychological treatment options seem equivalent to standard treatment for painful TMD. The meta‐analysis showed that a combination of psychological treatment and standard treatment and manual treatment (very low‐quality evidence) are significantly better in pain reduction than just counselling and standard treatments of TMD.ConclusionThis study indicates that psychological treatments seem to reduce pain intensity in individuals with painful TMD, and that the effect seems to be equally good as standard treatment. However, a combination of psychological treatments and standard treatments seems to have an even better effect. This indicates that psychological treatments are promising as an additional treatment approach for painful TMDs.
Utility of immature platelet fraction in the Sysmex XN‐1000V for the differential diagnosis of central and peripheral thrombocytopenia in dogs and cats
Authors: Perez‐Ecija Alejandro , Martinez Carmen , Fernandez‐Castañer Julio , Mendoza Francisco J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe immature platelet fraction (IPF), a parameter obtained by the Sysmex XN‐1000V analyzer, is used in humans to differentiate between central (CEN) and peripheral (PER) thrombocytopenia (TP) but has not been evaluated in small animals.ObjectivesCompare IPF between healthy, clinical non‐TP and TP dogs and cats, study IPF in different causes of TP in dogs and cats and, establish IPF reference intervals (RIs), and study the effect of age and sex on IPF in healthy dogs and cats.AnimalsA total of 3281 dogs and 726 cats.MethodsRetrospective review of medical records. Animals were classified as nonthrombocytopenic (healthy group and group of clinical patients without TP [NTP]) or TP. These latter animals were subclassified as pseudothrombocytopenia (PSE), CEN and PER, based on evaluation of platelet clumps, estimated platelet count in blood smears and final diagnosis. Blood samples were evaluated using a Sysmex XN‐1000V with a specific platelet channel (PLT‐F).ResultsThe IPF was significantly different between each subtype of TP in both species. Immature platelet fractions <6.9% in dogs or 13.6% in cats, once PSE has been eliminated by review of blood smears, are indicative of CEN. Reference intervals for IPF were 0.5%‐8% in healthy dogs and 1%‐40.3% in healthy cats.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceWe determined that IPF can differentiate between CEN and PER in dogs and cats, guiding additional testing and avoiding more invasive procedures (bone marrow sampling). A blood smear always should be evaluated to rule out platelet clumping.
Annual species' experimental germination responses to light and temperature do not correspond with their microhabitat associations in the field
Authors: da Silva Isis A. , Merritt David J. , Erickson Todd E. , Mayfield Margaret M. , Dwyer John M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractQuestionsAnnual species have evolved sets of germination cues that are thought to be predictive of the post‐germination environment. In naturally patchy environments, germination microsites often vary considerably in the amount of light they receive and in the diurnal temperature fluctuations they experience. However, whether species' differential germination responses to light and temperature are associated with their spatial patterns of occurrence remains largely untested.LocationMediterranean‐climate woodlands in Southwest Western Australia.MethodsWe surveyed species' occurrences in annual plant communities in 150 quadrats across gradients of canopy cover and litter cover. Nineteen species recorded in this survey were then included in a germination experiment that manipulated (1) Light vs Dark (12 h light or continuous dark) approximating seeds near the soil surface vs those covered by litter and (2) Cold vs Warm temperature regimes (7/18°C and 7/24°C) approximating diurnal fluctuations experienced in shaded vs sun‐exposed microsites, respectively.ResultsIn the germination experiment, six species had highest germination probabilities in the Light treatment (regardless of temperature), five in Cold + Light, one in Warm + Light, two were indifferent to the treatments, and four did not germinate at all. Binomial linear mixed‐effects models showed that species' maximum responses to light and temperature did not explain their spatial distributions along canopy cover and litter cover gradients, contrary to theoretical expectations of germination being a strong driver of species' occurrences.ConclusionsDespite variation in species' responses to experimental treatments, no association was found with their field microsite associations. Germination strategies in our system were wider than expected for Mediterranean systems. Our results support that germination cues are not strong drivers of microhabitat associations in this system.
Case‐based discussion of the acute hepatic porphyrias: Updates on pathogenesis, diagnosis and management
Authors: Balwani Manisha , Keel Siobán , Meissner Peter , Sonderup Mark , Stein Penelope , Yasuda Makiko 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe acute hepatic porphyrias (AHPs) include three autosomal dominant disorders, acute intermittent porphyria, variegate porphyria and hereditary coproporphyria, and the ultra‐rare autosomal recessive 5‐aminolevulinic acid dehydratase‐deficient porphyria. All four are characterized by episodic acute neurovisceral attacks that can be life‐threatening if left untreated. The attacks are precipitated by factors that induce hepatic 5‐aminolevulinic acid synthase 1 (ALAS1), resulting in accumulation of the porphyrin precursors, 5‐aminolevulinic acid and porphobilinogen, which are believed to cause neurotoxicity. Diagnosis of these rare disorders is often delayed because the symptoms are non‐specific with many common aetiologies. However, once clinical suspicion of an AHP is raised, diagnosis can be made by specialized biochemical testing, particularly during attacks. Moderate or severe attacks are treated with intravenous hemin infusions, together with supportive care to relieve pain and other symptoms. Prophylactic treatments are recommended in patients with confirmed recurrent attacks (≥4 attacks in a maximum period of 12 months), the most effective being givosiran, an RNAi therapeutic targeting hepatocyte ALAS1 mRNA. AHP patients with clinically and/or biochemically active disease are at elevated risk for developing long‐term complications, including chronic kidney disease, chronic hypertension and hepatocellular carcinoma, thus, surveillance is recommended. Here, using a case‐based format, we provide an update on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of the AHPs based on literature review and clinical experiences.
The EIN3 transcription factor GmEIL1 improves soybean resistance to Phytophthora sojae
Authors: Chen Xi , Sun Yan , Yang Yu , Zhao Yuxin , Zhang Chuanzhong , Fang Xin , Gao Hong , Zhao Ming , He Shengfu , Song Bo , Liu Shanshan , Wu Junjiang , Xu Pengfei , Zhang Shuzhen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPhytophthora root and stem rot of soybean (Glycine max), caused by the oomycete Phytophthora sojae, is an extremely destructive disease worldwide. In this study, we identified GmEIL1, which encodes an ethylene‐insensitive3 (EIN3) transcription factor. GmEIL1 was significantly induced following P. sojae infection of soybean plants. Compared to wild‐type soybean plants, transgenic soybean plants overexpressing GmEIL1 showed enhanced resistance to P. sojae and GmEIL1‐silenced RNA‐interference lines showed more severe symptoms when infected with P. sojae. We screened for target genes of GmEIL1 and confirmed that GmEIL1 bound directly to the GmERF113 promoter and regulated GmERF113 expression. Moreover, GmEIL1 positively regulated the expression of the pathogenesis‐related gene GmPR1. The GmEIL1‐regulated defence response to P. sojae involved both ethylene biosynthesis and the ethylene signalling pathway. These findings suggest that the GmEIL1‐GmERF113 module plays an important role in P. sojae resistance via the ethylene signalling pathway.
Genome comparisons reveal accessory genes crucial for the evolution of apple Glomerella leaf spot pathogenicity in Colletotrichum fungi
Authors: Liang Xiaofei , Yu Wei , Meng Yanan , Shang Shengping , Tian Huanhuan , Zhang Zhaohui , Rollins Jeffrey A. , Zhang Rong , Sun Guangyu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractApple Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) is an emerging fungal disease caused by Colletotrichum fructicola and other Colletotrichum species. These species are polyphyletic and it is currently unknown how these pathogens convergently evolved to infect apple. We generated chromosome‐level genome assemblies of a GLS‐adapted isolate and a non‐adapted isolate in C. fructicola using long‐read sequencing. Additionally, we resequenced 17 C. fructicola and C. aenigma isolates varying in GLS pathogenicity using short‐read sequencing. Genome comparisons revealed a conserved bipartite genome architecture involving minichromosomes (accessory chromosomes) shared by C. fructicola and other closely related species within the C. gloeosporioides species complex. Moreover, two repeat‐rich genomic regions (1.61 Mb in total) were specifically conserved among GLS‐pathogenic isolates in C. fructicola and C. aenigma. Single‐gene deletion of 10 accessory genes within the GLS‐specific regions of C. fructicola identified three that were essential for GLS pathogenicity. These genes encoded a putative non‐ribosomal peptide synthetase, a flavin‐binding monooxygenase and a small protein with unknown function. These results highlight the crucial role accessory genes play in the evolution of Colletotrichum pathogenicity and imply the significance of an unidentified secondary metabolite in GLS pathogenesis.
Temporal trend of food consumption markers, breakfast consumption and association with overweight/obesity in schoolchildren aged 7 to 10 years between 2007 and 2019
Authors: Costa Larissa da Cunha Feio , Barboza Bernardo Paz , Rossi Camila Elizandra , Roberto Denise Miguel Teixeira , Hinnig Patrícia de Fragas , de Vasconcelos Francisco de Assis Guedes 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObesity has a multifactorial origin. Among the behavioural risk factors, excessive consumption of unhealthy foods, skipping breakfast and reduced physical activity stand out. The main objective of this article was to identify trends in dietary habits and their association with overweight/obesity over a 12‐year period in schoolchildren aged 7 to 10 years in Florianópolis, southern Brazil. A cross‐sectional panel analysis study, using anthropometric, sociodemographic, physical activity and food consumption data of schoolchildren aged 7 to 10 years, collected in three waves of the Study of Prevalence of Obesity in Children and Adolescents (EPOCA), carried out during the years 2007, 2012/2013 and 2018/2019, was performed. To analyse the trend in dietary variables over the years, the 95% CIs were compared with the non‐overlap of intervals indicating statistical significance. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to test the association of weight status with dietary markers. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 34.4%, 37.2% and 34.2% in 2007, 2012/2013 and 2018/2019, respectively, and there were no statistically significant differences among waves. There was a progressive and significant reduction in the consumption of soft drinks and sweets and in eating breakfast by schoolchildren, from 2007 to 2019. Breakfast consumption was inversely associated with the chance of overweight/obesity (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.59–0.93), and female students were less likely to have overweight/obesity when compared to boys (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.61–0.81). The reduction in the consumption of soft drinks and sweets over the years might be caused by efforts in public policies that intended to reduce the consumption of unhealthy foods among schoolchildren. The progressive and significant reduction in having breakfast should be better elucidated in future studies, to minimise the potential impact of this practice on schoolchildren's bodyweight.
Effects of vision therapy on near exodeviation in children with convergence insufficiency treated during the convergence insufficiency treatment trials
Authors: Schulman Erica , Scheiman Mitchell , Kulp Marjean T. , Roberts Tawna L. , Cotter Susan , Sinnott Loraine T. , Toole Andrew ,   The CITT‐ART Investigator Group
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeTo report the change in the magnitude of near exodeviation in children with symptomatic convergence insufficiency successfully treated with office‐based vergence/accommodative therapy in the Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial–Attention and Reading Trial.MethodsA total of 131 children 9–14 years of age with symptomatic convergence insufficiency classified as successfully treated with office‐based vergence/accommodative therapy at the 16‐week outcome visit were included. Masked examiners measured the near ocular deviation by the prism and alternate cover test at baseline, primary outcome and 1‐year post‐treatment. The mean change in near deviation was calculated from baseline to primary outcome, from primary outcome to 1‐year post‐treatment and from baseline to 1‐year post‐treatment.ResultsOf the 131 participants successfully treated with vergence/accommodative therapy, 120 completed the 1‐year post‐treatment visit. A significant change in near exodeviation was observed at baseline to primary outcome (2.6Δ less exo, p < 0.001, moderate effect size d = 0.61) and at baseline to 1‐year post‐treatment (2.0Δ less exo; p < 0.001, small effect size d = 0.45). The change from primary outcome to 1‐year post‐treatment (0.6Δ more exo; p = 0.06, small effect size d = 0.11) was not significant. Forty per cent (48/120) of participants had a decrease in near exodeviation >3.5∆ (expected test/retest variability) between baseline and the primary outcome examination. Of the 120 participants, one (1.0%) was esophoric at the primary outcome and was subsequently exophoric at 1‐year post‐treatment. Four participants (3.3%) who were orthophoric or exophoric at the primary outcome were esophoric (all ≤3∆) at the 1‐year post‐treatment visit.ConclusionOn average, the near exodeviation was smaller in size immediately after the discontinuation of vergence/accommodative therapy (2.6∆, moderate effect size) and 1 year post vergence/accommodative therapy (2.0∆, small effect size) in children with convergence insufficiency who were successfully treated; 40% had a clinically meaningful decrease in exophoria. The development of near esophoria was rare.
Does Family Structure Account for Child Achievement Gaps by Parental Education? Findings for England, France, Germany and the United States
Authors: Solaz Anne , Panico Lidia , Sheridan Alexandra , Schneider Thorsten , Dräger Jascha , Waldfogel Jane , Kwon Sarah Jiyoon , Washbrook Elizabeth , Perinetti Casoni Valentina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the role of family trajectories during childhood in explaining inequalities by maternal education in children's math and reading skills using harmonized, longitudinal, and nationally representative surveys, which follow children over the course of primary and lower secondary school in four high‐income countries (England, France, Germany, and the United States). As single parenthood and family transitions are more likely among less educated parents and are associated with fewer resources for children, we explore whether growing up outside a stable two‐parent family mediates educational inequalities in math and reading scores.Results show a strong educational gradient in family trajectories in the four countries, but this varies by child age and by country. Children who experience a family transition record lower test scores, although the magnitude differs by the type of postseparation arrangements.Overall, family trajectories are strongly associated with children's math and reading scores but, because of the importance of selectivity in family trajectories, they play only a modest role in explaining the skills gaps by maternal education, considerably less than determinants such as income. The penalties associated with not living within a stable two‐parent family are always larger in the United States and England than in France and Germany.
Hypoxia reshapes Arabidopsis root architecture by integrating ERF‐VII factor response and abscisic acid homoeostasis
Authors: Eysholdt‐Derzsó Emese , Hause Bettina , Sauter Margret , Schmidt‐Schippers Romy R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOxygen limitation (hypoxia), arising as a key stress factor due to flooding, negatively affects plant development. Consequently, maintaining root growth under such stress is crucial for plant survival, yet we know little about the root system's adaptions to low‐oxygen conditions and its regulation by phytohormones. In this study, we examine the impact of hypoxia and, herein, the regulatory role of group VII ETHYLENE‐RESPONSE FACTOR (ERFVII) transcription factors on root growth in Arabidopsis. We found lateral root (LR) elongation to be actively maintained by hypoxia via ERFVII factors, as erfVII seedlings possess hypersensitivity towards hypoxia regarding their LR growth. Pharmacological inhibition of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis revealed ERFVII‐driven counteraction of hypoxia‐induced inhibition of LR formation in an ABA‐dependent manner. However, postemergence LR growth under hypoxia mediated by ERFVIIs was independent of ABA. In roots, ERFVIIs mediate, among others, the induction of ABA‐degrading ABA 8′‐hydroxylases CYP707A1 expression. RAP2.12 could activate the pCYC707A1:LUC reporter gene, indicating, combined with single mutant analyses, that this transcription factor regulates ABA levels through corresponding transcript upregulation. Collectively, hypoxia‐induced adaptation of the Arabidopsis root system is shaped by developmental reprogramming, whereby ERFVII‐dependent promotion of LR emergence, but not elongation, is partly executed through regulation of ABA degradation.
Complex cutaneous leishmaniasis in a pediatric patient
Authors: Dhami Ramneek K. , Tollefson Megha M. , Turbeville Jackson G. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), a parasitic infection caused by Leishmania protozoa and transmitted by sandfly bites, can be classified into Old World and New World subtypes. We report a case of a 2‐year‐old female who developed complex CL after travel to Panama. Ultimately, successful treatment required two rounds of liposomal amphotericin B. We report this case for its challenging clinical course and management.
New trends on personalized sunscreens
Authors: Gracia‐Cazaña Tamara , Aguilera José , Navarro‐Bielsa Alba , González Salvador , Lim Henry W. , Gilaberte Yolanda 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground/PurposeNowadays, there are emerging trends in customized and personalized photoprotection, focusing on the innovative approaches to enhance sun protection efficacy tailored to individual needs.MethodsWe conducted an electronic search of the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Skin Register, and TESEO. Specific search terms related to personalized photoprotection and the variables of age, genetic predisposition, skin phototype, photodermatosis, and physiological conditions such as pregnancy, as well as lifestyle habits were used.Results/ConclusionThe article highlights the challenges and opportunities in adopting personalized photoprotection strategies, aiming to promote skin health and prevent the harmful effects of UV radiation in the era of precision medicine.