bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF CERTAIN DIETARY PLANT CONSTITUENTS ON PLATELET AGGREGATION
Authors: SUBRAMONIAM A. , SATYANARAYANA M. N. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTThe effect of seven dietary constituents, (i) cuminaldehyde, (2) eugenol, (3) ferulic acid, (4) linalool, (5) piperine, (6) vanillin and (7) zingerone on human and rat platelet aggregation has been studied. Cuminaldehyde and eugenol both at 2mM caused a significant stimulation of aggregation of washed platelets while zingerone exerted a similar but moderate effect at 4 mM. The other compounds were without any effect. Cuminaldehyde and eugenol showed essentially the same effect on both human and rat platelets. Their effect on platelet aggregation increased with concentration up to 2 mM, beyond which a decrease was observed. The effect was less pronounced in platelet rich plasma (PRP). This aggregatory effect of the two compounds was almost additive at low concentrations. Pre‐treatment with aspirin or salicyclic acid (0.1 mM) inhibited the effect of the above compounds on platelet aggregation. Treatment with onion juice (20 μL/mL) as well as garlic juice (5 μ/mL) countered to a large extent the effect of the two compounds. These studies are of significance in hemostasis and thrombosis.
EFFECT OF PAPAYA PULP ADDITION ON THE GROWTH OF LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS
Authors: KUMAR MUNEESH , MITAL BRIJ KISHORE , GARG SATYENDRA KUMAR 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTEffect of papaya pulp addition to skim milk on the growth characteristics of five strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus was investigated. All the strains tested exhibited higher viable counts, shorter generation time, increased acid production, greater sugar utilization and fall in pH upon addition of papaya pulp. The generation time, acid production, sugar utilization and pH values at the end of 18 h fermentation of skim milk by different strains were 150–200 min, 0.29–1.73%, 0.39–2.22 g/100 mL and 3.85–6.10, respectively. The corresponding values for 10% papaya pulp added skim milk blend were 120–143 min, 0.51–1.84%, 0.70–2.79 g/100 mL and 3.70–5.10, respectively. Organoleptic evaluation revealed that papaya pulp addition imparted firmness to the coagulum and thus enhanced the acceptability of the product by eliminating the problem of wheying‐off and improved flavor.
ESTIMATION OF DAILY INTAKE OF FOUR KINDS OF TRIHALOMETHANE BY JAPANESE HOUSEWIVES
Authors: TOYODA MASATAKE , TAKAGI KAYOKO , TSURUMIZU AKIO , SAITO YUKIO , KIKAWA HIROSHI , KAWAMURA TARO , SAKABE YOSHIO 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTDuplicate portions of the daily meals consumed by 30 housewives were collected for 3 consecutive days in the cities of Nagoya and Yokohama in Japan.Meals were analyzed for chloroform, bromodichloromethane (BDCM), chlorodibromomethane (CDBM) and bromoform by using a purge‐trap procedure. The average concentration (and the range) of these four kinds of trihalomethane in each of the 24 h duplicate meals were, chloroform 19.6±18.1 ppb(n.d.‐106.8 ppb), BDCM 0.3±0.3 ppb(n.d.‐1.7 ppb), CDBM 0.1±0.2 ppb(n.d.‐0.6 ppb) and bromoform 0.5±1.3 ppb(n.d.‐8.1 ppb).The mean daily dietary intake of the four kinds of trihalomethane by housewives were, chloroform 40.0±25.4 μg, BDCM 0.6±0.5 μg, CDBM 0.3±0.3 μg and bromoform 0.9±1.3 μg.
EFFECT OF pH, ACIDULANT, SODIUM CHLORIDE AND TEMPERATURE ON THE GROWTH OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES
Authors: SORRELLS KENT M. , ENIGL DAVIN C. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT Growth of two Listeria monocytogenes strains in tryptic soy broth containing NaCI or combinations of NaCI and acidulants at different pHs and temperatures was investigated. L. monocytogenes was capable of growing in 10% NaCI at 35°C and 12% NaCI at 25°C and 10°C. The maximum NaCI for growth changed when NaCI and pH, in combination with different acidulants and temperature, were tested. The minimum pH/salt level for initiation of growth of L. monocytogenes ranged from 5.0–5.6/8–10% at 35°C and 25°C and 5.6/8% at 10°C, depending upon the acidulant and the strain. Greatest antimicrobial activity occurred at 35°C. Greatest survival occurred at 10°C. In this study L. monocytogenes appeared to persist and tolerate a combination of low pH, high salt and low temperatures.
USING SPREADSHEET SOFTWARE FOR PREDICTIVE MICROBIOLOGY APPLICATIONS
Authors: BUCHANAN ROBERT L. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT Recently, multivariant models based on the use of the Gompertz function in combination with response surface analysis have been developed to predict the behavior of foodborne pathogens in response to food formulation and storage parameters, including temperature, pH, sodium chloride content, sodium nitrite concentration, and atmosphere. These models were adapted for easy use by developing a “user‐friendly'’application program, the Pathogen Modeling Program. This program is based on a commercially available spreadsheet program, Lotus 1‐2‐3TM, and incorporates features such as calculation of predicted growth kinetics and time to achieve specified population densities. The current version of the software includes models for Salmonella, Shigella flexneri, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Aeromonas hydrophila. Microbiological modeling application software of this type appears to have great potential in relation to both developing food products with enhanced microbiological safety and teaching the multivariant nature of microbial growth in foods. The Pathogen Modeling Program is available on request.
EFFECT OF OXYRASETM ENZYME ON LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES AND OTHER FACULTATIVE ANAEROBES1
Authors: YU LINDA S. L. , FUNG DANIEL Y. C. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT The use of an oxygen‐reducing membrane fraction to stimulate growth of some anaerobic bacteria has been reported. In this study, stimulated recovery of Escherichia coli 0157:H7, Salmonella typhimurium, Streptococcus faecalis, and heat‐injured Listeria monocytogenes was achieved by using broth media supplemented with OxyraseTM (membrane‐bound enzyme system derived from E. coli). The OxyraseTMenzyme allowed rapid growth of these facultatively anaerobic organisms in a nonselective broth. The activity of OxyraseTMin four different selective enrichment broths to support growth of L. monocytogenes also was evaluated. Among tested broths, FDA‐approved Listeria Enrichment Broth containing OxyraseTMwas found to be substantially superior for facilitating the growth of L. monocytogenes. OxyraseTMpromoted a significantly greater number of L. monocytogenes than commonly used but nonspecific reducing agents, such as L‐cysteine HCl and sodium thioglycolate. These findings indicated that all organisms tested can be grown well in liquid media using the oxygen‐consuming membrane fragments to achieve and maintain oxygen‐limited conditions. The Oxyrase
TM
enzyme system has potential applications in some selective media and other diagnostic tests specified for rapid detection of these facultatively anaerobic pathogens.
DAMINOZIDE RESIDUE PRESENT IN APPLE FRUIT AFTER LONG AND SHORT TERM EXPOSURE
Authors: DRAKE STEPHEN R. , EISELE THOMAS A. , BARANOWSKI JOHN D. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTDaminozide residues were determined in ppm or ppb on ‘Starking', ‘Red King', ‘Rome’and ‘Golden Delicious’apples after repeated long term exposure (21 years) and on ‘Top Red’apples after short term (1 year) exposure. Application rates varied from 2.2 to 9.0 kg/ha for short term exposure and 2.2 to 4.5 kg/ha for long term exposure. Two and three years after cessation of the daminozide spray program no daminozide residues were found in ‘Top Red’regardless of the rate applied or analytical procedure used. Daminozide residues (<1 ppm) were present in ‘Starking', ‘Red King', ‘Rome’and ‘Golden Delicious’one year after cessation of the spray program. The cultivar ‘Rome’had consistently higher daminozide residue levels followed by ‘Golden Delicious', ‘Red King’and ‘Starking'.
FOODBORNE TOXOPLASMOSIS
Authors: SMITH JAMES L. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTToxoplasmosis, a disease of mammals and birds, is caused by the obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii.It is believed that approximately half of the human population of the U.S. is infected and that 500 million of the world population demonstrate a positive serological reaction to the parasite. Only a small percentage of the infected individuals show symptoms: however, in immunocompromised persons, the disease can be quite severe and even fatal. The infectious agent is generally foodborne and is due to the ingestion of raw or undercooked meats derived from infected animals. In this review, several aspects of theT. gondiiorganism, including its survival, its distribution in the environment and animals, its presence and survival in foods, role of virulence factors, and its transmission to humans, are reviewed. In addition, human toxoplasmosis, its treatment and prevention, and the economic aspects of the disease are discussed.
ABSORPTION OF VANADIUM, NICKEL, ALUMINUM AND MOLYBDENUM BY SWISS CHARD GROWN ON SOIL AMENDED WITH OIL FLY ASH OR BOTTOM ASH
Authors: BACHE CARL A. , RUTZKE MICHAEL , LISK DONALD J. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT An appreciable percentage of electric power is generated by oil‐fired power plants. The ash resulting from such plants is typically very high in elements such as vanadium, nickel, aluminum and molybdenum. Oil bottom ash and fly ash when disposed or fly ash fallout from such power plants could result in absorption of such metals by agricultural crops. Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.) was grown in potted soils amended with oil bottom ash and fly ash at 2% and 1% (w/w), respectively. The crop absorbed significantly higher concentrations of each of the metals as compared to those in the control crop grown on soil alone. Higher levels of the ashes in soil resulted in phytotoxicity to the swiss chard.
CHARACTERIZATION OF A LACTIC ACID BACTERIUM, CARNOBACTERIUM PISCICOLA LK5, WITH ACTIVITY AGAINST LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES AT REFRIGERATION TEMPERATURES1
Authors: BUCHANAN ROBERT L. , KLAWITTER LORI A. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT A lactic acid bacterium (LK5) originally isolated from raw ground beef was characterized in relation to its ability to inhibit the growth of Listeria monocytogenes. The isolate, which was identified as Carnobacterium piscicola, inhibited the growth of 17 of 21 strains of Listeria (L. monocytogenes, L. innocua, L. ivanovii, L. welshimeri, and L. grayii). Its activity was not due to either acid or hydrogen peroxide production, but was related to the production of a heat stable bacteriocin. The isolate was most active against L. monocytogenes at refrigeration temperatures due to the combined effect of the pathogen's increased susceptibility, LK5's rapid growth rate, and enhanced bacteriocin production at low temperatures. Examination of the effect of inoculum ratios in co‐cultures of C. piscicola LK5 and L. monocytogenes Scott A indicated that the lactic acid bacterium was active against L. monocytogenes even when the initial level of the pathogen was 100‐fold greater. Evaluation of the impact of oxygen availability, initial pH, and sodium chloride content on the effectiveness of LK5 suggested that the isolate could be used to suppress the growth of Listeria in a variety of refrigerated foods.
EFFECT OF PENCILLIN ON FREE OR IMMOBILIZED LACTOCOCCI: MILK ACIDIFICATION AND RESIDUAL ANTIBIOTIC LEVEL
Authors: CHAMPAGNE CLAUDE P. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT Five lactic acid cultures were added to milk containing penicillin, and the effect of immobilization on acidification and residual penicillin concentration were determined. Cells of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris CRA‐1 immobilized in calcium alginate beads were less sensitive to penicillin than free cells, and inhibition occurred later in the fermentation. The lactococci were less sensitive to penicillin when high cell densities were inoculated (109 CFU/mL). There was a significant reduction of penicillin (up to 0.3 IU/mL) when milk was inoculated with high populations of Lac. cremoris and incubated at 30C for 6 h. The drop in penicillin concentration was not related to adsorption to the alginate or to the presence of β‐lactamase on the cultures. When free cells of Lac. cremoris, Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus or Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus were added to milk containing antibiotics, and incubated at 4 or 10C for 48 h, significant reduction of penicillin levels did not occur in the contaminated milk. Milks containing more than 4 × 106 lactococci CFU/mL can give false positive results in the antibiotic disk assay using Bacillus subtilis.
EVALUATION OF NUTRITIONAL QUALITY AND FOOD SAFETY OF SEAWEEDS OF INDIA
Authors: NAIDU KAMATHAM AKHILENDER , TEWARI AKHILESH , JOSHI HEMANTHKUMAR V. , VISWANATH SURYANARAYANA , RAMESH HONNAVALLY P. , RAO SRINIVASA VENKAT 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTIndian seaweed speciesEnteromorpha linza, Enteromorpha prolifera, Ulva fasciata, Caulerpa taxifoliaandSargassum johnstoniifrom natural and cultivated populations were evaluated for food safety and nutritional quality. Among the above seaweeds, Enteromorpha proliferashowed the highest caloric value and protein content, while these values were lowest inSargassum johnstoniispecies of natural habitat. The lipid content was maximum in cultivated seaweeds ofE. linza and U. fasciataspecies. Crude fiber varied within a narrow range in all the seaweeds analyzed. Protein efficiency ratio (PER) studies conducted withE. linzaandU. fasciatashowed low PER values compared to control rats fed on casein as source of protein. Acute oral feeding of seaweedsE. linza, U. fasciata, C. taxifoliaandS. johnstoniiand subacute oral feeding ofE. linzafor 12 weeks did not produce any toxic effects on male and female rats.
THE INFLUENCE OF BIOPRESERVATIVES ON THE BACTERIAL LEVEL OF REFRIGERATED VACUUM PACKAGED BEEF1
Authors: ROZBEH M. , KALCHAYANAND N. , FIELD R.A. , JOHNSON M.C. , RAY B. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTPediocin AcH (1,400 AU/g), nisin (1,400 AU/g), Nisaplin (500 IU/g). MicrogardTM (2%) or Na‐lactate (2%) were added to refrigerated vacuum‐packaged beef to determine their antibacterial properties. The influence of carbon monoxide treatment on meat color prior to biopreservative treatment was also studied. Pediocin AcH, Nisaplin and nisin had an immediate bactericidal effect on Leuconostoc inoculates. All biopreservatives kept bacterial populations in vacuum‐packaged beef within log10 6/g for up to 8 weeks at 3C. Lactate was the most and MicrogradTM the least effective in maintaining low bacterial concentrations during an 8 week storage period. The color of fresh beef treated with 10% CO + 90% N2 for 60 min was stable for up to 4 weeks at 3C; however, beef treated with 100% CO retained its bright red color during 8 week of storage in the vacuum package.
INHIBITION OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES, SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM AND ESCHERICHIA COLI 0157:H7 ON BEEF MUSCLE TISSUE BY LACTIC OR ACETIC ACID CONTAINED IN CALCIUM ALGINATE GELS1
Authors: SIRAGUSA GREGORY R. , DICKSON JAMES S. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT A method of applying organic acids contained in a calcium alginate gel was tested for inhibiting bacteria contaminating sterile lean beef tissue surfaces. Treated samples were incubated at 5C under controlled moisture conditions for up to 7 days and viable populations of the pathogens determined. For counts of L. monocytogenes, recovered on tryptic soy agar, alginate/lactic acid treatment reduced the log10 counts 1.8 units vs 0.96 for acid treatment without alginate. With acetic acid, log10 reductions were 1.51 vs 2.33 for the alginate/acetic acid vs acetic acid treatment alone. S. typhimurium was reduced 2.11 log10 units vs 1.11 for alginate/lactic acid and acid treatments alone, respectively. The same trend held for E. coli 0157:H7, although the reduction was considerably less, 0.74 log10 reduction vs 0.5 for alginate/lactic acid application vs acid alone. Both Gramnegative organisms were less inhibited by acetic acid treatments.
IMPROVEMENT IN MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY AND SHELF‐LIFE OF BUFFALO MEAT AT AMBIENT TEMPERATURE BY GAMMA IRRADIATION
Authors: NAIK G.N. , PAUL PUSHPA , CHAWLA S.P. , SHERIKAR A.T. , NAIR P.M. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT The effect of low dose gamma‐irradiation (2.5 kGy) on the shelf‐life of prepacked fresh buffalo meat at ambient temperature (28–30C) in terms of microbiological, chemical and sensory qualities was studied. Unirradiated samples initially showed the presence of Enterobacteriaceae and Staphylococcus spp. These gradually increased during storage. After 12 h of holding, Clostridium spp. were observed in these samples. On the basis of microbiological, chemical and sensory analyses, the shelf‐life was limited to 18 h. In contrast, Clostridium spp. and Enterobacteriaceae were not detected in irradiated samples throughout the storage period and Staphylococcus spp. were detected only after 12 h of holding. Irradiated samples had a shelf‐life of 42 h.
RECOVERY LIMITS OF HEAT‐INJURED LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES FROM ENRICHMENT BROTH AND ENRICHED CULTURES OF INOCULATED FOODS
Authors: TRAN TONY T. , HITCHINS ANTHONY D. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT Recovery of heat‐injured Listeria monocytogenes strain LM82 was evaluated quantitatively in Listeria enrichment broth (LEB) and in enriched cultures of cooked shrimp and Brie cheese. LM82 cells [108 colony forming units (CFU)/ml] were heated for 60 min at 52C in phosphate‐buffered saline. After 24 and 48 h enrichment, injured LM82 (6 replicates at each of 5 inoculation levels) were isolated on 3 selective media: lithium chloride‐phenylethanol‐moxalactam agar (LPMA), modified McBride agar (MMA) and Oxford agar (OXA). The recovery limit was expressed as a 50% end point value (RL50), which is the calculated inoculation value necessary to recover LM82 on half of the replicates of each type of isolation agar plate after streaking from the enrichment of measured inoculum. The RL50 values for injured cells were comparable to those of uninjured cells after 48 h enrichment in LEB without food. The type of isolation agar did not affect the RL50 value, although with food, MMA gave consistently but not significantly higher values, i.e., recovery inferior to that of LPMA and OXA. RL50 values were higher in Brie and cooked shrimp, presumably because of the competitive microflora in those foods. Addition of lactose or pyruvate to LEB improved recovery but had little or no effect when foods were present.
LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES SURVIVAL ON SHELL EGGS AND RESISTANCE TO SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE1
Authors: BARTLETT F.M. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT The survival of a mixture of five strains of Listeria monocytogenes inoculated onto the surface of chicken eggs and stored at 10C for up to 14 days was studied. The numbers of survivors which were loosely bound to the shell decreased steadily from day 1 to 7, with no detectable Listeria after 11 days. The Listeria cells which were judged to be tightly bound to the shell did not decrease significantly after 11 days, with less than a 2‐log reduction at 14 days. Application of sodium hypochlorite solutions (50 ppm and 100 ppm available chlorine) to inoculated eggs completely eliminated the loosely bound cells after the shortest exposure time used (30 s), while little or no decrease was observed for the cells which were more strongly attached, even after 5 min. No Listeria were recovered from the egg contents (meat) of any of the inoculated eggs used in this study.
INHIBITION OF SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM ON POULTRY BY THE LACTOPEROXIDASE SYSTEM1
Authors: WOLFSON LISA M. , SUMNER SUSAN S. , FRONING GLENN W. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTThe antibacterial activity of the lactoperoxidase (LP) system on the growth and survival of a naladixic acid resistant strain of Salmonella typhimurium on poultry was determined. The LP system treatment, which consisted of lactoperoxidase (1 μg/ml), potassium thiocyanate (5.9 mM), and hydrogen peroxide (2.5 mM) (final concentrations) in water, reduced the level of Salmonella on inoculated chicken legs. The magnitude of reduction was dependent on temperature and time. For a water temperature of 25C and a time of 30 min, a 13.2% reduction was seen, as compared to a water temperature of 60C and a time of 15 min which showed a 80.6% reduction. In a 48 h shelf‐life study, the LP system controlled growth of psychrotrophic bacteria on chicken legs. Hunterlab color values (L, a, b) for chicken thigh skin and oxidative deterioration as measured by TBA values for chicken thigh meat did not significantly differ (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) between control and treated thighs.
BACTERIAL ADHERENCE AND VIABILITY ON CUTTING BOARD SURFACES
Authors: ABRISHAMI SIMIN H. , TALL BEN D. , BRUURSEMA THOMAS J. , EPSTEIN PAUL S. , SHAH DHIREN B. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTThe adherence and viability of Escherichia coli inoculated onto the surfaces of plastic cutting boards and new and used wood cutting boards were evaluated. Most of the inoculum was recovered from all surfaces after resident drying times of 5 min and from plastic surfaces at 24 h. When the exposure time was extended to 2 h, > 90% of the cells placed on new and used dry wood surfaces were not recovered after vigorous rinsing. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the bacteria resided within the structural xylem fibers and vegetative elements of the wood. After resident drying times of up to 2 h, almost 75% of the adherent bacteria on the wood surfaces were viable, as defined by a nalidixic acid direct viable count procedure. Microcosm studies showed no intrinsic growth‐supporting or toxic properties of the cutting board materials. Bacteria that adhered to plastic surfaces were more easily removed by low‐temperature washing than were cells that adhered to wood surfaces. These studies demonstrated that bacteria adhering to wood surfaces resided within the structural and vegetative elements of the wood's xylem tissues and were viable; wood was more retentive than plastic; penetration of the inoculum liquid promoted cell adherence to the wood matrix; and conditioning of wood with water before inoculation interfered with bacterial adherence.
OPTIMIZATION OF LISTERIOLYSIN O PRODUCTION BY LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES1
Authors: KIM KEETAE , MURANO ELSA A. , OLSON DENNIS G. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTListeria monocytogenes serotype 1 and Scott A strains were examined to determine the effect of culture conditions onproduction of listeriolysin O (LLO). The hemolytic activity was assayed by hemolysis of sheep red blood cells. The optimum pH range for LLO production in serotype 1 and Scott A were pH 6.2–6.0 and pH 5.8–6.0, respectively. Production of LLO by serotype 1 was 20–fold higher than by Scott A. Addition of more than 1.0% glucose significantly reduced production of LLO by the cells, while favoring growth. By adding 0.5% glucose after stationary phase and adjusting pH to 5.5–7.0, maximum LLO was produced after 2 h incubation at 37C by both strains.
PSYCHROTROPHIC AND MESOPHILIC FUNGI ISOLATED FROM IMPORTED FROZEN LEAN MEAT IN EGYPT
Authors: NASSAR AHMED M. , ISMAIL MADY A. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTFrom 475 samples of imported frozen lean beef in Egypt, 859 psychrotrophic fungal strains (770 strains by the dilution plating and 89 strains by direct plating) were isolated. There were also 1291 mesophilic fungal strains isolated (1133 and 158 strains by the two different methods, respectively). The predominant psychrotrophs identified were species of Cladosporium and Penicillium while most mesophiles were in the genera of Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Penicillium.