bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The current state of training in pain medicine fellowships: An Association of Pain Program Directors (APPD) survey of program directors
Authors: Wahezi Sayed Emal , Emerick Trent D. , Caparó Moorice , Choi Heejung , Eshraghi Yashar , Naeimi Tahereh , Kohan Lynn , Anitescu Magdalena , Wright Thelma , Przkora Rene , Patel Kiran , Lamer Tim J. , Moeschler Susan , Yener Ugur , Alerte Jonathan , Grandhe Radhika , Bautista Alexander , Spektor Boris , Noon Kristen , Reddy Rajiv , Osuagwu Uzondu C. , Carpenter Anna , Gerges Frederic J. , Horn Danielle B. , Murphy Casey A. , Kim Chong , Pritzlaff Scott G. , Marshall Cameron , Kirchen Gwynne , Oryhan Christine , Swaran Singh Tejinder S. , Sayed Dawood , Lubenow Timothy R. , Sehgal Nalini , Argoff Charles E. , Gulati Amit , Day Miles R. , Shaparin Naum , Sibai Nabil , Dua Anterpreet , Barad Meredith 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) approved the first pain medicine fellowship programs over three decades ago, designed around a pharmacological philosophy. Following that, there has been a rise in the transition of pain medicine education toward a multidisciplinary interventional model based on a tremendous surge of contemporaneous literature in these areas. This trend has created variability in clinical experience and education amongst accredited pain medicine programs with minimal literature evaluating the differences and commonalities in education and experience of different pain medicine fellowships through Program Director (PD) experiences. This study aims to gather insight from pain medicine fellowship program directors across the country to assess clinical and interventional training, providing valuable perspectives on the future of pain medicine education.MethodsThis study involved 56 PDs of ACGME‐accredited pain fellowship programs in the United States. The recruitment process included three phases: advanced notification, invitation, and follow‐up to maximize response rate. Participants completed a standard online questionnaire, covering various topics such as subcategory fields, online platforms for supplemental education, clinical experience, postgraduate practice success, and training adequacy.ResultsSurveys were completed by 39/56 (69%) standing members of the Association of Pain Program Directors (APPD). All PDs allowed fellows to participate in industry‐related and professional society‐related procedural workshops, with 59% encouraging these workshops. PDs emphasized the importance of integrity, professionalism, and diligence for long‐term success. Fifty‐four percent of PDs expressed the need for extension of fellowship training to avoid supplemental education by industry or pain/spine societies.ConclusionThis study highlights the challenge of providing adequate training in all Pain Medicine subtopics within a 12‐month pain medicine fellowship. PDs suggest the need for additional training for fellows and discuss the importance of curriculum standardization.
Do homeowners care about tax relief? Property tax relief and tax perceptions in the United States
Authors: Kim Yusun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study examines whether receiving property tax relief contributes to homeowner's support for local taxes and spending. Using a survey sample of 10,655 homeowners in 40 US States in 2022, I find a negative association between property tax relief and opposition against property tax. Also, homeowners who receive property tax relief are more likely to support higher local taxes. Homeowners who receive tax reduction display a weaker preference for local budget cuts and a stronger preference for tax increases than homeowners who do not. These results suggest that tax relief may contribute to a higher tolerance for tax increases.
Interventions on residual lesions in patients with heterotaxy syndrome following orthotropic heart transplantation: A single‐center experience
Authors: Pedamallu Havisha , O'Halloran Conor P. , Morrison Adam , Monge Michael C. , Magnetta Defne A. , Tannous Paul 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundHeterotaxy syndrome (HS) is a defect in lateralization which often results in complex intra and extracardiac abnormalities. Orthotropic heart transplantation (OHT) in HS involves intricate and individualized modifications to surgical technique. Post‐OHT outcomes are worse in patients with HS, however, the impact of post‐OHT residual lesions has not yet been characterized.MethodsPatients with HS who underwent OHT at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago between January 2012 and June 2023 were identified. Patients were excluded if follow‐up data was not available due to follow up at a different institution of early mortality. Pre‐OHT clinical data, surgical data, and post‐OHT surgical and catheterization data were collected.ResultsTwo early mortalities were excluded from analysis, leaving 15 patients in the study cohort. Median age at OHT was 3.7 years (range: 0.7–15.4). Nine out of 15 patients were diagnosed with residual lesions requiring intervention at a median of 188 days post transplantation. All interventions on residual lesions occurred via catheterization. Overall mortality rate was 27% (4/15) with all deaths occurring in patients with residual lesions (4/9 patients, 44%). 83% (10/12) of lesions were diagnosed via catheterization, and 83% (10/12) of lesions of occurred in the first year after transplant.ConclusionsPatients with HS are at high risk for residual lesions after OHT, which may contribute to increased mortality. Comprehensive invasive diagnostics were required to diagnose residual lesions, which were all addressed percutaneously.
Evaluating threshold for donor fraction cell‐free DNA using clinically available assay for rejection in pediatric and adult heart transplantation
Authors: Deshpande Shriprasad R. , Zangwill Steven D. , Richmond Marc E. , Kindel Steven J. , Schroder Jacob N. , Gaglianello Nunzio , Bichell David P. , Wigger Mark A. , Knecht Kenneth R. , Thrush Phillip T. , Mahle William T. , North Paula E. , Simpson Pippa M. , Zhang Liyun , Dasgupta Mahua , Tomita‐Mitchell Aoy , Mitchell Michael E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aims of the study were to assess the performance of a clinically available cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) assay in a large cohort of pediatric and adult heart transplant recipients and to evaluate performance at specific cut points in detection of rejection.MethodsObservational, non‐interventional, prospective study enrolled pediatric and adult heart transplant recipients from seven centers. Biopsy‐associated plasma samples were used for cfDNA measurements. Pre‐determined cut points were tested for analytic performance.ResultsA total of 487 samples from 160 subjects were used for the analysis. There were significant differences for df‐cfDNA values between rejection [0.21% (IQR 0.12–0.69)] and healthy samples [0.05% (IQR 0.01–0.14), p < .0001]. The pediatric rejection group had a median df‐cfDNA value of 0.93% (IQR 0.28–2.84) compared to 0.09% (IQR 0.04–0.23) for healthy samples, p = .005. Overall negative predictive value was 0.94 while it was 0.99 for pediatric patients. Cut points of 0.13% and 0.15% were tested for various types of rejection profiles and were appropriate to rule out rejection.ConclusionThe study suggests that pediatric patients with rejection show higher levels of circulating df‐cfDNA compared to adults and supports the specific cut points for clinical use in pediatric and adult patients with overall acceptable performance.
The power of “it will be okay”
Authors: VanderPluym Christina J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs caregivers for critically ill children and their families, there are moments when we find ourselves unsure of how best to offer support. The magnitude of the medical experience can cloud our communication with patients and their families. With years of counseling families through some of their most challenging and darkest hours, I aim to emphasize the profound impact of thoughtful and well‐informed reassurance; how we can provide hope in hopeless situations.
The humoral immune response to the BNT 162B2 vaccine in pediatrics on renal replacement therapy
Authors: Alshami Alanoud , Bahbah Hebattallah , Al Attas Rabab , Aldokhi Fatimah , Azzam Ahmad 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionSince the start of the COVID‐19 pandemic, data published on the immunogenicity of the SARS‐CoV‐2 BNT 162B2 vaccine in pediatric patients receiving renal replacement therapy are scant. Our primary objective is to study this population's humoral immune response to the COVID‐19 vaccine.MethodsPediatric kidney transplant recipients (PKTRs) and hemodialysis recipients (HR) at our center who received two doses of the SARS‐CoV‐2 BNT 162B2 vaccine were included. Transplant and HR who had PCR‐positive COVID‐19 infections during the study, regardless of their vaccine status, were also included. SARS‐CoV‐2 anti‐spike protein (S1/S2) IgG was measured after the second dose of the vaccine and after any PCR‐positive COVID‐19 infection as routine clinical practice. Data on demographics, induction, maintenance immunosuppressants, type of transplant, and posttransplant or dialysis duration were included.ResultsOf the 61 patients included, 19 were dialysis recipients who received two doses of vaccine without subsequent infection (HV), and 42 were kidney transplant recipients. All dialysis patients and 33 (78.6%) transplant recipients received two doses of the SARS‐CoV‐2 BNT 162b2 vaccine. A total of 33.3% (11/33) of the transplant recipients who received vaccination developed COVID‐19 infection (KTH) at a median time of 13 days after the second dose of vaccine. Nine transplant patients had pure COVID‐19 infection without vaccination (KTI). The seroconversion rate in the HV group was 94.7% (18/19) compared to 50% (11/22) in the kidney transplant vaccine recipients who did not develop subsequent COVID‐19 infection (KTV) (p < .001). The median S1/S2 IgG titers for the HV group were 400 AU/mL versus 15 AU/mL in the KTV group (p < .0001). There was no significant difference in the duration of the test from the second dose of the vaccine between HV and KTV (55 vs. 33.5 days, p = .095). The KTH had higher titers than KTV group (370 vs. 15 p < .0001). The median duration of the test after vaccination in the vaccine group and those with hybrid immunity was similar (35 vs. 33.5 days, p = .2).There were no clear predictors for seroconversion in the PKTRs. Natural infection alone was as good as the vaccine in eliciting humoral immune response.ConclusionThe humoral immune response to two doses of the SARS‐CoV‐2 BNT 162B2 vaccine in PKTRs without subsequent COVID‐19 infection is suboptimal compared to that in hemodialysis recipients and in PKTRs with hybrid immunity from both infection and vaccination.
Efficacy and safety of single‐dose anti‐thymocyte globulin versus basiliximab induction therapy in pediatric kidney transplant recipients: A retrospective comparative cohort study
Authors: Custodio Luciana de Fatima Porini , Martins Suelen Bianca Stopa , Viana Laila Almeida , Cristelli Marina Pontello , Requião‐Moura Lucio , Chow Charles Yea Zen , Camargo Suzana Friedlander Del Nero , Nakamura Monica Rika , Foresto Renato Demarchi , Tedesco‐Silva Helio , Medina‐Pestana Jose 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of basiliximab (BAS) versus a single dose of anti‐thymocyte globulin (r‐ATG) induction therapy in pediatric kidney transplant recipients (KTRs).MethodsThis single‐center retrospective comparative cohort study included all pediatric KTRs from May 2013 to April 2018 and followed up to 12 months. In the first period, all recipients received BAS, while from May 2016, a single 3 mg/kg dose of r‐ATG was instituted. Maintenance therapy consisted of a calcineurin inhibitor plus prednisone plus azathioprine or mycophenolate.ResultsA total of 227 patients were included (BAS, n = 113; r‐ATG, n = 114). The main combination of immunosuppressive drugs was tacrolimus, prednisone, and azathioprine in both groups (87% vs. 88%, p = .718). Patients receiving r‐ATG showed superior survival‐free of the composite endpoint (acute rejection, graft loss, or death; 76% vs. 61%, p = .003; HR 2.08, 1.29–3.34, p = .003) and lower incidence of biopsy‐proven acute rejection (10% vs. 21%, p = .015). There was no difference in the overall incidence of CMV infection (33% vs. 37%, p = .457), PTLD (1% vs. 3%, p = .309), 30‐day hospital readmissions (24% vs. 23%, p = .847), and kidney function at 12 months (86 ± 29 vs. 84 ± 30 mL/min/1.73m2, p = .614).ConclusionsThese data suggest that induction therapy with a single 3 mg/kg dose of r‐ATG is associated with higher efficacy for preventing acute rejection and similar safety profile compared to BAS.
Human papillomavirus vaccination and contributing factors of vaccination intention among adolescents and young adults in China from a socio‐ecological perspective: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Luo Ying , Liu Ting , Yang Xiuling , Lu Mingqin , Kou Zhiru , Xu Xiaohan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesAdolescents and young adults are the main target population for human papillomavirus (HPV). The study aimed to investigate school students' HPV vaccination intentions and explore the contributing factors from a socio‐ecological perspective.DesignA questionnaire survey was conducted in three secondary schools and three colleges in China.SampleA total of 1756 students aged 14–22 years participated in this study. Among the 1756 participants, 182 students have received the HPV vaccine. For the remaining 1574 students, we analyzed their HPV vaccination intentions and the influencing factors.MeasurementsSurvey items for sociodemographics, knowledge and awareness of HPV, sexual intercourse and sexual knowledge, subjective socioeconomic status, self‐efficacy, eHealth literacy, perceived social support from family, and the availability of HPV vaccine information were measured.ResultsOnly 182 (10.4%) had received the HPV vaccine among the 1756 participants. Among the remaining 1574 students, the majority of the students (1403, 89.1%) were willing to receive the HPV vaccine. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that students who were female, had lower self‐efficacy, scored higher on sexual knowledge, believed vaccination preventing related diseases, worried about side effects after vaccination, thought oneself at risk of contracting HPV, had higher family support, knew the availability of the HPV vaccine in Mainland China from healthcare institutions, and with family residence in rural areas were more willing to receive the HPV vaccine.ConclusionsStudents had high HPV vaccination intentions while had low vaccination rate. Intrapersonal, interpersonal and institutional or community factors predicted HPV vaccination intention. Public health nurses in communities and schools could target the modifiable factors to promote students’ HPV vaccine uptake.
CEO past distress experience and risk‐taking: Evidence from US property–liability insurance firms
Authors: Lonare Gunratan , Lai Gene , Han Sangyong , Ho Chia‐Ling 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe investigate the relationship between CEOs' past distress experience and risk‐taking in US property–liability insurance companies. Our evidence shows that CEOs' past distress experience is negatively associated with insurers' risk‐taking behavior, suggesting that CEOs with distress experiences tend to take lower levels of risk in making financial decisions for their firms. The results are robust to using alternative measures of risk‐taking, including value at risk, expected shortfall, volatility of stock return, idiosyncratic volatility, systematic volatility, underwriting risk, and investment risk. Additionally, our results pass a placebo test, and we mitigate endogeneity concerns with the propensity score matching method.
A Swedish population‐based study to evaluate the usefulness of resting heart rate in the prediction of suicidal behavior among males
Authors: Lannoy Séverine , Ohlsson Henrik , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina , Edwards Alexis C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionResting heart rate has been distinctly related to both internalizing (high pulse) and externalizing (low pulse) disorders. We aimed to explore the associations between resting heart rate and suicidal behavior (nonfatal suicide attempt [SA] and suicide death [SD]) and evaluate if such associations exist beyond the effects of internalizing/externalizing symptomatology.MethodWe used Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the associations between resting heart rate (age 19) and later SA/SD in 357,290 Swedish men. Models were controlled for internalizing disorders, externalizing disorders, and resilience (the ability to deal with adversity). Co‐relative analysis (comparing pairs of different genetic relatedness) was used to control for unmeasured family confounders and improve causal inference.ResultsIn baseline models, low resting heart rate was associated with SA (HR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.95,0.98) and high resting heart rate with SD (HR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.002,1.07). The association with SA remained after adjustment for all confounders (HR = 0.98). However, the association with SD did not persist after controlling for covariates. Co‐relative analysis did not support causal associations.ConclusionsOur findings raise interesting etiological questions for the understanding of suicidal behaviors but do not support the usefulness of resting heart rate in suicide prediction.
Introduction: English in Europe
Authors: Modiano Marko 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe European Union, with slightly >1% of the population having English as a mother tongue, is experiencing a surge in the importance of English as an additional language among its citizenries. This has economic, pedagogical, political as well as sociocultural implications. In this special issue on Europe, with reporting on the current state of the English language in Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain, and Sweden, as well as Switzerland, which is not an EU member, there is deliberation on differing national approaches to the dissemination of English. The issue also includes a discussion of Europe with reference to applied linguistics and European identity. What is commonly shared among all the nations of Europe, and reported on in these articles, is that the acquisition and use of English across numerous domains continues to expand throughout the whole of the European Union.
Narrow systems revisited
Authors: Lambie‐Hanson Chris 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe investigate connections between set‐theoretic compactness principles and cardinal arithmetic, introducing and studying generalized narrow system properties as a way to approach two open questions about two‐cardinal tree properties. The first of these questions asks whether the strong tree property at a regular cardinal implies the singular cardinals hypothesis () above . We show here that a certain narrow system property at that is closely related to the strong tree property, and holds in all known models thereof, suffices to imply above . The second of these questions asks whether the strong tree property can consistently hold simultaneously at all regular cardinals . We show here that the analogous question about the generalized narrow system property has a positive answer. We also highlight some connections between generalized narrow system properties and the existence of certain strongly unbounded subadditive colorings.
Are coagulation profiles in Andean highlanders with excessive erythrocytosis favouring hypercoagulability?
Authors: Champigneulle Benoit , Caton François , Seyve Landry , Stauffer Émeric , Pichon Aurélien , Brugniaux Julien V. , Furian Michael , Hancco Ivan , Deschamps Blandine , Kaestner Lars , Robach Paul , Connes Philippe , Bouzat Pierre , Polack Benoit , Marlu Raphael , Verges Samuel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChronic mountain sickness is a maladaptive syndrome that affects individuals living permanently at high altitude and is characterized primarily by excessive erythrocytosis (EE). Recent results concerning the impact of EE in Andean highlanders on clotting and the possible promotion of hypercoagulability, which can lead to thrombosis, were contradictory. We assessed the coagulation profiles of Andeans highlanders with and without excessive erythrocytosis (EE+ and EE−). Blood samples were collected from 30 EE+ and 15 EE− in La Rinconada (Peru, 5100–5300 m a.s.l.), with special attention given to the sampling pre‐analytical variables. Rotational thromboelastometry tests were performed at both native and normalized (40%) haematocrit using autologous platelet‐poor plasma. Thrombin generation, dosages of clotting factors and inhibitors were measured in plasma samples. Data were compared between groups and with measurements performed at native haematocrit in 10 lowlanders (LL) at sea level. At native haematocrit, in all rotational thromboelastometry assays, EE+ exhibited hypocoagulable profiles (prolonged clotting time and weaker clot strength) compared with EE− and LL (all P < 0.01). At normalized haematocrit, clotting times were normalized in most individuals. Conversely, maximal clot firmness was normalized only in FIBTEM and not in EXTEM/INTEM assays, suggesting abnormal platelet activity. Thrombin generation, levels of plasma clotting factors and inhibitors, and standard coagulation assays were mostly normal in all groups. No highlanders reported a history of venous thromboembolism based on the dedicated survey. Collectively, these results indicate that EE+ do not present a hypercoagulable profile potentially favouring thrombosis.
Gender differences in alcohol drinking among adolescents: a school-based survey in China
Authors: Li Ling , Liu Yi , Chen Zhangming , Ren Silan , He Ruini , Liang Yudiao , Tan Youguo , Shao Xu , Chen Shanshan , Kong Xiangjuan , Tang Jinsong , Chen Xiaogang , Liao Yanhui 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundAlcohol drinking among adolescents is associated with their health development. However, the prevalence of alcohol drinking among adolescents in Southwestern China remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of alcohol drinking, with a particular focus on gender differences, among primary and middle school students in Zigong, a city in Southwestern China. Additionally, we examined the association between alcohol consumption and demographic and family factors.MethodsA school-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in a city in Southwestern China, encompassing a total of 89 360 students from 132 different ordinary schools, including both primary and middle schools. Participants were recruited through cluster sampling. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption was employed to assess alcohol consumption. Gender differences in the prevalence of alcohol drinkers across various schools and grades were analysed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to investigate factors associated with hazardous drinking.ResultsOut of the 89 360 participants, 19.0% reported alcohol drinking, with 2.1% classified as hazardous drinkers. There was a higher prevalence of alcohol drinking among boys compared with girls, as well as hazardous drinking. There were significant gender disparities in alcohol drinking observed across various schools and grade levels. A notable divergence between boys and girls was observed starting from grade 10, with a rising prevalence of hazardous drinking among boys and a decline among girls. Additionally, older age, male gender and being left-behind children were identified as risk factors for hazardous drinking, while belonging to a nuclear family and having parents who do not drink were protective factors against hazardous drinking.ConclusionsAlcohol consumption is prevalent among Chinese adolescents, with some even classified as hazardous drinkers. These findings may offer valuable insights for policymakers and caregivers, guiding them in formulating appropriate interventions and support strategies.