bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors that influence the further survival of patients who survive for five years after the diagnosis of cancer in childhood or adolescence
Authors: Green Daniel M. , Zevon Michael A. , Reese Peter A. , Lowrie Geoffrey S. , Michalek Arthur M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo evaluate the further survival, and to identify disease and treatment factors which influence the further survival, of five‐year survivors of cancer diagnosed during childhood or adolescence, we reviewed the courses of 591 previously untreated patients who were less than 20 years of age at diagnosis and survived for five years after diagnosis. Fifty‐three of 143 patients who experienced disease recurrence during the first five years after diagnosis died during the period of observation, compared to 18 of 448 patients who did not experience disease recurrence during the first five years after diagnosis. The sex‐specific standardized mortality ratios for the group of patients who never relapsed or relapsed more than five years after diagnosis were not significantly different from those of the New York State population. Cox proportional hazards modelling of the subgroup of patients who relapsed during the first five years after diagnosis demonstrated that disease which was treated surgically, a diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease or acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and older age at diagnosis were significantly associated with further survival in this group, whereas similar modelling of the patients who did not experience disease recurrence during the first five years after diagnosis failed to identify any variables which were associated with continued survival. The results of this study suggest that childhood and adolescent cancer patients who survive for five years without disease recurrence have a survival rate similar to that of the general population. Continued follow‐up of this cohort is required to determine if the present findings can still be demonstrated as the majority of the cohort ages beyond 35 years of age. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intraabdominal desmoplastic small‐cell tumor with divergent differentiation: Clinicopathological findings and DNA ploidy
Authors: Schmidt Dietmar , Köster Eckhard , Harms Dieter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFive cases of intraabdominal small‐cell tumor with divergent differentiation are reported. All patients were of male sex. They were 10, 15, 20, 21, and 30 years of age at time of diagnosis, respectively. By light microscopy, the tumors consisted of small cells arranged in groups, nests, and clusters separated by a collagen‐rich desmoplastic stroma. Immunohistochemical studies revealed the coexpression of mesenchymal, epithelial, and neural markers. Notably, all tumors coexpressed vimentin, cytokeratin, and desmin, the latter in a remarkable paranuclear dot‐like fashion. In contrast to other authors, we did not find chromogranin. DNA image cytometry on four cases demonstrated two diploid and two aneuploid (hyperdiploid) cases. No correlation was found between ploidy and prognosis. One patient died from disease, another died from venoocclusive disease after bone marrow transplantation, and the remaining patients are alive, but have progressive intraabdominal disease. Thus, our findings support the poor prognosis in this type of tumor. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of six tumor markers in patients with carcinoma of unknown primary
Authors: Pavlidis Nicholas , Kalef‐Ezra John , Briassoulis Evangelos , Skarlos Dimosthenis , Kosmidis Paris , Saferiadis Kostas , Bairaktari Eleni , Bafaloukos Dimitrios , Maravegias Athanassios , Theoharis Dimitrios , Fountzilas George 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have retrospectively evaluated six serum tumor markers in 85 patients with carcinoma of unknown primary. The serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA 19‐9, CA 15‐3, CA 125, β‐chorionic gonadotropin (β‐HCG) and α‐fetoprotein (AFP) were related with the histological pattern (undifferentiated carcinoma or adenocarcinoma), the number and the site of metastases, as well as the response to chemotherapy and the patients' survival. More than 40% of the patients had increased serum levels of all six tumor markers, except of AFP which was found to be increased in only 17% of them. Increased levels of CA 19‐9 were related to metastatic adenocarcinoma, whereas CA 19‐9 and CA 15‐3 had a relationship with more advanced disease. Patients with liver involvement had higher mean levels of CEA and CA 19‐9 as compared to those with nodal disease. None of these markers was found to have a predictive value for response to chemotherapy or survival.Although the present study has a retrospective nature, it allows us to conclude that patients with CUP have a nonspecific over‐expression of the above serum tumor markers and that routine use of these markers does not offer any diagnostic or prognostic assistance. © 1994 wiley‐Liss, lnc.
Toxocariasis simulating hepatic recurrence in a patient with Wilms' tumor
Authors: Almeida Maria T. , Ribeiro Raul C. , Kauffman William M. , Maluf Paulo T. , Brito José Luiz B. C. , Cristofani Lilian M. , Jacob Cristina A. , Odone‐Filho Vicente 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report the case of a 3‐year‐old girl with stage I Wilms' tumor of favorable histology. During the course of chemotherapy 5 months post‐diagnosis, an abdominal ultra‐sonogram revealed hypoechoic areas consistent with hepatic tumor recurrence. A liver biopsy performed to rule out recurrence of the malignancy was suggestive of toxocariasis and the diagnosis was confirmed by serologic testing. Although the patient had few classic signs of visceral larva migrans, her eosinophilia and family social history should have suggested this possibility. This case demonstrates that hepatic toxocariasis should be considered in evaluating hepatic hypoechoic lesions in a child, even when features typical of the disease are absent. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Radiotherapy in the SIOP (international society of pediatric oncology) nephroblastoma studies: A review
Authors: Jereb Berta , Burgers J. Marion V. , Tournade Marie‐France , Lemerle Jean , Bey Pierre , Delemarre Jan , Habrand Jean‐Louis , Voúte P. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFor decades radiation has generally been accepted as a valuable supplement to surgery in the treatment of Wilms' tumor; unfortunately, it may produce undesirable late effects. It turned out, however, that when treatment is adjusted to known variables, the risk for late sequelae can be diminished in some groups of children.SIOP clinical trials have been based on children with unilateral tumors of standard histology and free of metastasis at diagnosis. The first two clinical trials, SIOP‐1 (started in 1971) and SIOP‐2 (started in 1974), established the beneficial effect (such as less ruptures, lower stage) of preoperative radiation and actinomycin D (AMD) in SIOP‐2, with all children having radiation therapy either pre‐operatively, postoperatively, or both. In the SIOP‐5 trial (started in 1977), preoperative radiation therapy and AMD were compared with preoperative chemotherapy resulting in only 50% of children having radiation. The result permitted disuse of preoperative radiation in the SIOP‐6 trial (started in 1980), where only one‐third of the patients received postoperative radiation therapy. At present, in the SIOP‐9 trial (started in 1987), fewer than 20% of children are having radiotherapy. The survival rates meanwhile have been increasing steadily from 64% in SIOP‐1 to 84% in SIOP‐6 for stages I, II, and III combined. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Combination trial of subcutaneous recombinant α2b interferon and oral cyclophosphamide in follicular low‐grade non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: Ozer Howard , Anderson James R. , Peterson Bruce A. , Budman Daniel R. , Cooper M. Robert , Kennedy B. J. , Silver Richard T. , Henderson Edward S. , Duggan David B. , Barcos Maurine , Bloomfield Clara D. , Gottlieb Arlan J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe follicular non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) have been among those tumors demonstrated to show frequent responses to alpha interferon in phase I and II clinical trials. In addition, there are data suggesting that alpha interferon demonstrates synergistic antitumor activity with alkylating agents in animal models for a number of tumors. Based on these data, Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) undertook a phase II pilot study of the combination of interferon rlFNα2b (2 × 106 IU/m2 s.c. tiw) and cyclophosphamide (100 mg/m2 per day orally) with the ultimate purpose of examining this combination as long‐term therapy of follicular lymphoma in comparison to oral cyclophosphamide alone. One hundred five advanced stage III or IV eligible patients with pathologically diagnosed International Working Formulation B or C histology were entered on CALGB 8553 to determine toxicity and response rates to the combination. Both previously chemotherapy‐treated patients (32) and patients without prior chemotherapy (73) were entered on study. For patients without prior chemotherapy the overall response rate to the combination regimen was 86% with 58% of chemotherapy‐treated patients achieving complete response. Chemotherapy‐treated patients had a total response rate of 62% with only 25% complete responders. Complete responses in patients without prior chemotherapy were positively correlated with absence of B symptoms, and good performance status and negatively correlated with the histological subtype of follicular mixed small‐cleaved and large cell histology (IWF C); only performance status was significantly correlated with response in patients who had previously had chemotherapy. Survival at 5 years is estimated to be 63% for those without chemotherapy and 39% for those previously treated with chemotherapy patients. The maximum toxicities experienced during therapy with the combination regimen of cyclophosphamide and interferon alpha were primarily related to myelosuppression. Sixty‐seven percent of patients without prior chemotherapy and 65% of patients receiving prior chemotherapy experienced severe leukopenia while severe thrombocytopenia and anemia occurred in 6‐31% of these patients. Non‐myelosuppressive toxicities were less frequently seen. These response rates are similar to those achieved in a previous CALGB trial with oral cyclophosphamide as a single agent, although severe myelotoxicity was increased to approximately 60% of patients from less than 10% with the single‐agent therapy. The combination of alpha interferon and cyclophosphamide administered in this fashion is safe when peripheral counts are carefully monitored. Randomized studies of this regimen in comparison to oral cyclophosphamide are currently in progress. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Catecholamine metabolites in ganglioneuroma
Authors: Lucas Kenneth , Gula Mary J. , Knisely A. S. , Virgi Mohamed A. , Wollman Michael , Blatt Julie 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWith rare exception, ganglioneuroma (GN) is a benign lesion which presents as a localized mass without metastatic potential and which is chemotherapy resistant. Thus, its distinction from neuroblastoma (NB) may be important. The diagnosis of GN implies the absence of neuroblastic elements. Incomplete resection prevents complete microscopic examination and raises the possibility that focal NB was not sampled. In an attempt to determine what features other than histology distinguish these two entities, we reviewed the charts of 25 patients with GN with regard to patient age and sex, tumor location and size, and urine catecholamine metabolite levels. One patient with GN (5%) and gross total resection had elevated quantitative vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) levels (2.4 × upper limit of normal for age), and two others had positive spot analyses for VMA. An additional patient with a large mass, multiple biopsies of which documented GN, also had greatly elevated (approximately 5 × normal) VMA and HVA levels. However, a subsequent attempt at resection disclosed several gross foci of NB. Even excluding this patient, there was a trend for elevated values in GN patients to correlate with tumor size (P = .07 and .14 for VMA and HVA, respectively). The incidence of elevated values appears to increase as a function of tumor size, and small tumors are not likely to result in positive urinary measurements. We conclude that while elevations of VMA and HVA are consistent with a well‐documented diagnosis of GN, extreme elevations (>3 × nl) should prompt careful serial evaluation for occult NB.© 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phase II study of carboplatin as a single drug for relapsed Wilms' tumor: Experience of the Brazilian Wilms' tumor study group
Authors: De Camargo Beatriz , Melaragno Renato , Silva Nagsla Saba E , Mendoncla Nubia , Alvares Maria Nunes , Morinaka Elizabeth , Marques Armando , Cusato Maria P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA total of 15 patients with relapsed Wilms' tumor were treated with carboplatin as a single agent. There were six females and nine males, aged between 2 and 9 years (me‐dian:5). The treatment consisted of carboplatin given I.V. as a single agent at a dose of 550 mg/m2 over 1 hour every 3 weeks. There were four (26%) complete responses, four (26%) partial responses, one stable disease, and six with progressive disease. In all patients a total of 56 courses were given and the toxicities found were leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. The overall response rate was encouraging and the toxicity was acceptable and reversible. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Esthesioneuroblastoma presenting as an orbital mass in a young child
Authors: Bobele Gary B. , Sexauer Charles , Barnes Patrick A. , Krous Henry F. , Bodensteiner John B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 3‐year‐old boy presented with uniocular proptosis and ophthalmoplegia. Investigation revealed a mass involving the right orbit with extension into the left orbit and paranasal sinuses, and intracranial extension involving both frontal lobes. Biopsy of an enlarged cervical node and the intranasal mass revealed esthesioneuroblastoma. This tumor has been reported rarely in a child this age, and only 12 case reports document patients under 10 years of age. The presentation as an orbital mass is previously unreported and must now be considered in the differential diagnosis of proptosis in childhood. The usual clinical, radiological, and pathological features of olfactory esthesioneuroblastoma are reviewed. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Primary testicular and paratesticular tumors of childhood
Authors: Coppes Max J. , Rackley Raymond , Kay Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTesticular and paratesticular neoplasms are uncommon tumors of childhood. Consequently, the experience gained with regard to their optimal management is limited in any given children's cancer centre. Here we review the classification, diagnosis, and staging of testicular and paratesticular neoplasms and subsequently discuss the more frequently occurring ones: germ cell tumors, gonadal stromal tumors, gonadoblastoma, tumors of the supporting tissue, lymphomas and leukemias, tumor‐like lesions, secondary tumors, and tumors of the adnexa. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion with Cis‐diamminedichloro‐platinum. II. An experimental study in dogs with a balloon‐occlusion technique for repeated high‐dose treatment
Authors: Wessalowski R. , Wilhelm M. , Torsello S. , Sager M. , Güttler J. , Jürgens H. , Göbel U. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIsolated organ perfusion is attractive for regional high‐dose chemotherapy because of its advantage to reduce whole body toxicity. Intraoperative hyperthermic isolated perfusion procedures involving a heart‐lung machine have been developed, but repeated treatments carry a high risk of vessel and tissue damage. Therefore, a study of isolated hyperthermic limb perfusion in four dogs was conducted using a balloon‐occlusion technique including a hyperthermia unit, two low‐flow rotary pumps, a bubble oxygenator, and two polyurethane balloon catheters. After 15 min infusion of cisplatinum the concentrations of serum platinum (Pt) in the isolated limb and in the whole body were measured by atomic absorption Spectroscopy. Regional exposure to Pt was more than 10‐fold higher than systemic exposure. After 60 min isolated limb perfusion, the area under the curve (AUC) of Pt concentrations in the isolated limb showed values between 767.4 and 1055.6 μg/l × 60 min, whereas in the whole body values between 59.8 and 75.9 μg/l × 60 min were obtained. Repeated isolated limb perfusions with the balloon‐occlusion technique were performed in three dogs without systemic side effects. This model of regional chemotherapy may be useful for preoperative chemotherapy in malignant tumors of the limbs. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Kaposi's sarcoma of the bone marrow presenting with fever of unknown origin
Authors: Levin M. , Hertzberg L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractKaposi's sarcoma (KS) has become more common in the United States with the spread of the Acquired Imunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic. The epidemic form associated with AIDS involves primarily skin and visceral organs. Bone marrow involvement is rare. We present a case of Kaposi's sarcoma that was diagnosed upon bone marrow biopsy, without skin or visceral involvement, that presented with fever of unknown origin which responded to indomethacin and anti‐KS chemotherapy. Kaposi's sarcoma of the bone marrow should be considered in the differential of febrile illness of unknown origin in patients with AIDS. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Successful treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a child with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Gururangan Sridharan , Horner Michelle , Rodman John H. , Marina Neyssa M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 3 1/2 year old girl with cystic fibrosis who underwent successful treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia remains in complete remission 36 months after diagnosis. We also report high clearance rates of three antineoplastic agents in this patient. Drug doses were adjusted to achieve optimal systemic exposure. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Childhood malignancies in the south‐west region of England, 1976–1985
Authors: Foreman Nicholas K. , Thorne Robert , Berry P. Jeremy , Oakhill Anthony , Mott Martin G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe incidence and pattern of childhood cancer in the South‐West Region of the United Kingdom was studied in the period 1976–1985 to see if there was any unevenness in distribution. This region consists of five counties with considerable variation in radon exposure and urbanisation. Cases were identified from multiple sources and the basis of the diagnosis reviewed. Internationally accepted diagnostic categories were used. Six hundred seventy‐eight cases were found, giving an age standardised incidence rate of 114.2 per million childhood years. The incidence of different cancers by sex was strikingly similar to the Manchester Children's Tumour Registry, from a noncontiguous region, with three exceptions. In the South‐West, there was a higher rate of soft tissue sarcoma in boys (P = 0.01) and lower rates of sympathetic nervous system and germ‐cell tumours in girls (P = 0.01 and P = 0.04, respectively). There was no significant variation in cancer incidence among the five counties or with time. The incidence rate in counties of high radon exposure was not higher than with low radon exposure. The overall incidence in counties with urban districts was not significantly increased compared to those without, although there was a nonsignificant trend towards a higher incidence of leukaemia (P = 0.08). The incidence and type of childhood cancer are similar to those in a noncontiguous region. Geographical and temporal incidence are remarkably stable. Local environmental variation may not play a major role in the causality of childhood cancer. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High‐dose chemotherapy and blood stem cell autografts for children with first relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A pilot study of the children's cancer and leukemia study group of Japan (CCLSG)
Authors: Takaue Yoichi , Watanabe Arata , Murakami Tatsuo , Watanabe Tsutomu , Kawano Yoshifumi , Kuroda Yasuhiro , Matsushita Takeji , Kikuta Atsushi , Kosaka Yoshiyuki , Kudo Toru , Shimizu Hiroyuki , Koizumi Shoichi , Fujimoto Takeo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study was performed to determine the value of high‐dose chemotherapy and peripheral blood stem cell autografts (PBSCT) in the treatment of children with first relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Eighteen children underwent PBSCT during the second complete remission (CR) and had a minimum 10 month follow‐up. The median age of the patients was 11 yr (range, 2–17 yr). Fifteen patients received the “MCVAC” regimen, one received high‐dose MCNU + busulfan therapy, one received high‐dose melphalan + VP‐16, and one received melphalan + carboplatin + cytosine arabinoside + MCNU. None of these regimens included total body irradiation. Eight patients developed recurrence of the disease at 1 to 19 mo (median, 3 mo) after PBSCT. Patients in whom the first relapse occurred sooner, that is, within 16 mo of initial therapy, tended to have a better survival rate than those who developed relapse after 30 mo (six of seven survived versus four of 11; not significant). Although the preliminary data provided little conclusive information, it did suggest that incorporation of PBSCT in the salvage protocol of relapsed childhood ALL can be justified. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neuropsychological evaluation of children with intracranial tumors: Impact of treatment modalities
Authors: García‐Pérez A. , Sierrasesumaga L. , Narbona‐García J. , Calvo‐Manuel F. , Aguirre‐Ventalló M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntineoplastic treatment has a deleterious effect on intellectual functions, which is mainly attributable to radiotherapy. With the object of determining the neuropsychological disturbances associated with brain irradiation in the child, and to try to differentiate them from the effects caused by the other types of treatment (surgical and chemotherapy) as well as from the effects of the tumor itself, a cross‐sectional study was carried out in 25 survivors of medial edge intracranial tumors. In order to monitor the effect of systemic chemotherapy on the cognitive functions, and the effect of prolonged absence from school, two control groups were formed, one made up of subjects treated with chemotherapy for extracranial tumors, and the other of patients with nonmalignant chronic disease. Neuropsychological functions were measured using the Spanish version of the Wechsler scale, as well as the following tests: Spreen‐Benton, ITPA and TALE scales, Yuste Memory Test, Thurstone Attention Test, and the Rey Complex Figure.In addition to a progressive decline found in the full scale intelligence quotient in children irradiated for intracranial tumors, variance analysis showed that these patients deteriorate mainly in visual attention and memory, but also significantly in verbal fluency and in the Performance Intelligence Quotient and all its subtests, when compared to the control groups. Visual attention and the Wechsler Picture Arrangement and Block Designs, were the tests whose decline correlated with the total radiation administered. The article relates this specific neuropsychological injury with the total brain irradiation dose but also with the structures located in the cone‐down fields of irradiation to boost regions in the middle edge intracranial content. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.