bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autoimmunity and the immunologic network
Authors: Talal Norman 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecent developments in autoimmunity suggest that there are three stages in the response to self, which can be called autorecognition, autoimmunity, and autoimmune disease. The first is physiologic and fundamental to a network theory of immunologic control that is based upon recognition of idiotypes and antigens related to the major histocompatibility complex. Many foreign antigens may be recognized immunologically only if they can be imposed upon an existing network of immunologic communication. The existence of anti‐receptor autoimmune diseases (such as myasthenia gravis and Graves' disease) leads to the postulate that the immune network may normally function to help regulate hormone and other nonimmune cell surface receptors. Chronic autoimmune diseases may be caused either by genetically determined abnormalities in the immune network or by an antigenic perturbation of the network that results in unresponsiveness and tolerance of an offending agent.
Familial deficiency of two subunits of the first component of complement. c1r and c1s associated with a lupus erythematosus‐like disease
Authors: Lee Stanley L. , Wallace Stanley L. , Barone Richard , Blum Livia , Harvey Chase P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractComplete absence of C1r and almost complete absence of C1s were found in 4 of 8 living siblings. Two of the 4 suffer from a syndrome that combines discoid lupus erythematosus and nondeforming rheumatoid‐like arthritis; one of the siblings has mild nephritis. The other 2 C1 deficient family members are clinically well. Evidence from this and other families suggests that deficiency of C1 components or C4 is associated with higher risk of developing a lupus‐like disease than is deficiency of C2.
Constrictive pericarditis in systemic lupus erythematosus. demonstration of immunoglobulins in the pericardium
Authors: Jacobson Edwin J. , Reza Michael J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 17‐year‐old male with systemic lupus erythematosus presented with clinical signs of severe constrictive pericarditis that was confirmed by cardiac catheterization. At surgery, a fibrous pericardium was removed, followed by complete relief of symptoms. Immunopathology of the pericardial tissue revealed deposition of IgG, IgM, and C3. A review of the literature produced only three similar cases. Although rare, constrictive pericarditis, a potentially life threatening complication, may occur in systemic lupus erythematosus presumably with an immunological basis.
Legionnaires' disease in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Jacox Ralph F. , Donald Stuard I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA young woman with systemic lupus erythematosus developed a rapidly fatal pneumonia from which no visible or culturable organisms were found. Subsequent stains disclosed typical findings of Legionnaires' disease. A cutaneous portal of entry was suspected and a fulminant lung abscess developed, neither of which has been previously reported in Legionnaires' disease.
Effects of estrogen on cartilage and experimentally induced osteoarthritis
Authors: Rosner Itzhak A. , Goldberg Victor M. , Getzy Lee , Moskowitz Roland W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEstradiol valerate did not ameliorate experimentally induced osteoarthritis in the rabbit. Both normal and osteoarthritic cartilage were susceptible to estradiol suppression of proteoglycan synthesis. Proteoglycan concentration was not diminished with estradiol, suggesting estradiol suppression of proteoglycan catabolism. The severity of osteoarthritis was unchanged despite markedly decreased proteoglycan synthesis in the estrogen treated animals. Osteophyte proteoglycan metabolism differed from other osteoarthritic lesions. Differences in the metabolism of femoral and tibial articular cartilage were observed.
Skin thickness and collagen content in progressive systemic sclerosis and localized scleroderma
Authors: Rodnan Gerald P. , Lipinski Esther , Luksick Joan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSkin biopsies of uniform location and surface area (7 mm diameter) were obtained from the extensor aspect of the forearm of 147 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) (107 with diffuse scleroderma, 40 with the CREST syndrome variant) and 58 individuals with normal skin. After careful removal of all subcutaneous fatty tissue, the skin cores were weighed and their water and hydroxyproline content determined. Despite recent claims to the contrary, it was found that there is a marked and highly significant increase in the thickness of the skin during the indurative phase of PSS, and that this is associated with a proportionate increase in total dermal collagen content. A similar degree of thickening was found in the skin of patients with eosinophilic fasciitis and acromegaly. A close correlation was observed between clinical estimation of the degree of skin thickening and the weight of the skin biopsy cores. Change in the weight of skin cores was observed during the course of illness of the patients with PSS and may serve as a useful measurement of alteration in the degree of skin thickening.
Detection of low avidity anti‐dna antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Riley Richard L. , Mcgrath Hugh , Taylor Ronald P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe binding of sonicated, radiolabeled DNA by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) sera was measured by a high sensitivity polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation assay. This method is considerably more sensitive than currently used techniques. The results suggest that a significant concentration of low avidity antibodies is present in SLE sera; however, these antibodies are not detected by conventional techniques.
Alteration of lymphocyte function in nzb/nzw mice
Authors: Hahn Bevra H. , Knotts Linda L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNZB/NZW F1 female mice received levamisole in an attempt to increase suppressor T cell function. Responses varied with dosage of drug and age of mice. When treatment with 25 μg/gm doses (intermittent or daily) was begun at 12 weeks of age, nephritis was accelerated in spite of transient reduction of anti‐DNA antibodies. When treatment was begun at 4 weeks, or when doses of 250 μg/gm were given, no clinical effects were observed. In the mice with accelerated disease, delayed hypersensitivity and antibody responses to sheep erythrocytes increased; antibody responses to pneumococcal poiysaccharide were unaffected. It is possible that some increased immune responses associated with levamisole are undesirable in murine lupus.
Circulating Immune Complexes in Mixed Connective Tissue Disease
Authors: Halla James T. , Volanakis John E. , Schrohenloher Ralph E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCirculating immune complexes were measured by three assays (monoclonal rheumatoid factor radioimmunoassay, Clq‐binding assay, Raji cell radioassay) in sera from patients with mixed connective tissue disease. Evidence for circulating immune complexes was found by at least one method in 94% of sera. The highest frequency of positive results was noted by the Raji cell radioassay (88%). However, a significant number of patients also had immune complexes measured by the Clq‐binding assay (50%) and monoclonal rheumatoid factor radioimmunoassay (45%). Further, the levels of immune complexes as measured by the Raji cell radioassay, and to a lesser extent the Clq‐binding assay, correlated with disease activity and represent a potentially useful clinical tool. The pattern of reactivity in mixed connective tissue disease sera differed from rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, and polymyositis. This suggests that a spectrum of immune complexes is found in these rheumatic diseases and supports the concept that mixed connective tissue disease is distinct from these diseases.
Scleroderma After Cosmetic Surgery
Authors: Kumagai Yasuo , Abe Chiyuki , Shiokawa Yuichi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn 9 cases of human adjuvant disease, 4 cases of scleroderma (3 progressive systemic sclerosis and 1 localized morphea) were observed. Seven to 19 years after injection of foreign substances into the breasts or nose for cosmetic purposes, some patients developed human adjuvant disease. In one case the foreign substances were removed by bilateral mastectomy with no discernible effects on the patient's clinical course. Histopathologic findings of the removed breasts demonstrated foreign body granulomas with calcification. The injected substance was identified as a mixture of liquid and solid paraffin. Human adjuvant disease might be caused by prolonged hypersensitization activated by the injected foreign materials which act as an adjuvant.
Synovial Fat Necrosis Associated with Ischemic Pancreatic Disease
Authors: Smukler Nathan M. , Schumacher H. Ralph , Pascual Eliseo , Brown Sylvan , Ryan William E. , Sadeghian M. Reza 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 59‐year‐old man with ischemic pancreatic disease, polyarthritis, and cutaneous nodules has shown histopathologic findings indicative of disseminated fat necrosis in a percutaneous biopsy specimen from the right knee. The histopathologic findings in the synovium included necrotic fat cells, distorted fat cells and adjacent lymphocytes, lipid laden histiocytes, and giant cells. In prior histopathologic studies of the joint involvement associated with this disorder, fat cell necrosis has been found only in the periarticular tissues, and the synovium has appeared normal or showed nonspecific inflammation. However, the present study shows that the synovial membrane may also be the site of fat necrosis and an associated inflammatory reaction; thus patients with this disorder may manifest arthritis in addition to periarthritis.
Mortality in lupus nephritis
Authors: Karsh Jacob , Klippel John H. , Balow James E. , Decker John L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe principal causes of death of 68 patients with lupus glomerulonephritis were reviewed. Renal failure (40%), vascular events (25%), and infections (16%) were the predominant causes. Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis was associated with an increased frequency of renal failure. A bimodal pattern of early deaths due to active lupus and sepsis and late deaths from vascular events was found superimposed on a constant rate of death from renal failure.
A syndrome resembling progressive systemic sclerosis after bone marrow transplantation
Authors: Furst Daniel E. , Clements Philip J. , Graze Peter , Gale Robert , Roberts Nigel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSix long term survivors of bone marrow transplants developed a syndrome similar to progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). Cutaneous involvement (6/6), pulmonary disease (6/6), musculoskeletal involvement (4/6), keratoconjunctivitis/positive Schirmer's test (4/6), Raynaud's phenomenon (2/6), and renal and cardiac disease (1/6) were similar to findings in PSS patients. T and B lymphocyte counts and functions were also similar. This PSS‐like syndrome, including visceral involvement, after bone marrow transplantation lends support to an immunologic hypothesis of the pathogenesis of progressive systemic sclerosis.
Reassessment of the clinical significance of native dna antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Miniter Michael F. , Stollar B. David , Agnello Vincent 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo further clarify the clinical significance of nDNA antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus, 70 patients were studied longitudinally over an average period of 3 years each. Serum hemolytic complement (CH50) and nDNA antibodies measured by antigen binding and complement fixation were assessed during episodes of clinically inactive and active disease. Only slightly more than half of episodes of active disease were associated with low CH50 and high nDNA binding, and there was a significant occurrence of high nDNA binding or low CH50 with inactive disease. In contrast, nDNA antibodies measured by complement fixation were never present in the absence of clinical disease. Complement fixing nDNA antibodies were associated mainly with episodes of renal disease, whereas all types of disease activity except those involving predominantly the central nervous system (CNS) showed some correlation with the combined parameters of low CH50 and high nDNA binding. Most episodes of CNS disease occurred without CH50 depression or high nDNA binding. Disease activity was less commonly associated with only low CH50 or high nDNA binding. However, when rash was the predominant manifestation, low CH50 alone was frequently present. The CH50 test correlated with disease activity better than the nDNA antibody binding or complement fixation tests. However, as illustrated by longitudinal studies, a combination of these assays provided the best monitoring of disease activity. Contrary to recent reports, IgG/IgM nDNA antibody ratios did not correlate with disease activity. Studies on isolated nDNA antibody populations provided evidence that differences in complement‐fixing activity were not due to class or subclass composition as previously proposed. Consideration of the above qualifications may result in more effective clinical application of the nDNA antibody test.
Lymphocyte depletion by continuous flow cell centrifugation in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Karsh Jacob , Wright Daniel G. , Klippel John H. , Decker John L. , Deisseroth Albert B. , Flye M. Wayne 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFour patients with active, severe rheumatoid arthritis were subjected to the removal of circulating lymphocytes (lymphapheresis) for a 6‐week period by use of a continuous flow cell centrifuge. Repetitive venous access was gained through forearm arteriovenous fistulae. In all patients the Ritchie‐Camp articular index declined rapidly in the first week and more slowly thereafter for a total mean drop of 61% below the initial value. The index continued to decline after lymphapheresis but exacerbation of disease activity developed at an average of 19 weeks. No significant untoward effects of the procedure were observed; occasional transfusions were required to compensate for the small, unavoidable erythrocyte loss.
A y chromosome associated factor in strain bxsb producing accelerated autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation
Authors: Murphy Edwin D. , Roths John B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractStrain BXSB/Mp mice develop a spontaneous lupus‐like syndrome which is strikingly accelerated in males. The accelerated autoimmune disease occurs in male F1 hybrids with strains NZB/BINJ, SJL/J, and C57BL/6J when the male parent is BXSB but not in the reciprocal hybrid male nor in females. The pattern is similar in F2 hybrids with strains NZB and SJL. The accelerated disease in males occurs only when the Y chromosome is derived from recombinant inbred strain BXSB and ultimately from strain SB/Le.
The role of the endocrine thymus in female reproduction
Authors: Michael Sandra D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNeonatal thymectomy in mice induces ovarian disturbances, indicating some relationship between the thymus and the ovaries. The mechanism of the relationship, however, is not fully understood. One approach to elucidating the complex relationship has been to measure circulating hormone levels in thymectomized animals and those with small thymus glands, and compare these levels with those found in control animals. The data indicate that a thymus‐pituitary‐ovarian axis exists and that thymus disturbances may hasten the aging processes of the ovaries.
Immunologic regulation in pregnancy
Authors: Stites Daniel P. , Pavia Charles S. , Clemens Louis E. , Kuhn Robert W. , Siiteri Pentti K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTheories to explain the failure of rejection of the fetus by the mother during pregnancy include immunologic privilege of the uterus as a graft site, lack of transplantation antigen expression on the trophoblast, weakening of maternal cellular immunity during pregnancy, and separation of maternal and fetal circulations. Evidence for and against each of these theories is discussed. Local concentration of a variety of hormones, including human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), sex steroids, alpha‐fetoprotein, and immunoglobulins, could provide a blocking mechanism to prevent maternal cellular immune attack. Possibly, progesterone, antibodies, and immune complexes are important in protecting the placenta and ultimately the fetus from rejection. Elucidation of regulatory mechanisms in pregnancy may be applicable to other problems in immunology.
A controlled study of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Klippel John H , Karsh Jacob , Stahl Neil I , Decker John L , Steinberg Alfred D , Schiffman Gerald 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe immunogenicity and potential for disease modification of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in systemic lupus erythematosus were evaluated in a controlled, double‐blind study. Forty patients were randomly chosen to receive an intramuscular injection of either vaccine or placebo. Changes in mean antibody concentrations (nanograms antibody nitrogen per milliliter serum) to 12 type‐specific pneumococcal capsular antigens from prevaccination to one month after vaccination were 177 to 1045 in the vaccine (P < 0.001) and 164 to 153 in the placebo‐treated patients. In the month after vaccination, neither vaccine nor placebo‐treated patients had a significant change in lupus disease activity as assessed by a composite clinical, laboratory, and serologic index. We conclude that patients with systemic lupus erythematosus can be successfully immunized with pneumococcal vaccine without detectable alterations of the underlying disease.
Evidence for the presence of receptors for c3 and IgG Fc on human synovial cells
Authors: Theofilopoulos Argyrios N. , Carson Dennis A. , Tavassoli Mehdi , Slovin Susan F. , Speers Wendell C. , Jensen Fred B. , Vaughan John H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe presence of receptors for IgG Fc and fragments of C3 on primary cultures and cryostat sections of normal and rheumatoid synovial tissues was assessed. Significant proportions of large rounded cells with asteroid projections found in such cultures had receptors for both IgG Fc and fragments of C3. Moreover, Gram negative bacteria that had fixed complement, but not EAC, bound in a linear fashion on the superficial layers of synovial cryostat sections. On the basis of morphologic and histochemical criteria, the cultured cells bearing these receptors were tentatively determined to represent a subset of synovial lining cells. The possible role of such receptors on synovial lining cells in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis is discussed.
Synovial origins of rice bodies in joint fluid
Authors: Cheung Herman S. , Ryan Lawrence M. , Kozin Franklin , Mccarty Daniel J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRice bodies and synovia obtained from knee joints of rheumatoid arthritis patients were solubilized by limited pepsin treatment. The quantity of each type of collagen in both tissues was determined by differential salt precipitation, cyanogen bromide peptide analysis, and SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Rice bodies and synovial membrane contained equal proportions of Type I and III collagens with trace amounts of Type “A‐B” collagen.
Measurement of patient outcome in arthritis
Authors: Fries James F. , Spitz Patricia , Kraines R. Guy , Holman Halsted R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA structure for representation of patient outcome is presented, together with a method for outcome measurement and validation of the technique in rheumatoid arthritis. The paradigm represents outcome by five separate dimensions: death, discomfort, disability, drug (therapeutic) toxicity, and dollar cost. Each dimension represents an outcome directly related to patient welfare. Quantitation of these outcome dimensions may be performed at interview or by patient questionnaire. With standardized, validated questions, similar scores are acheived by both methods. The questionnaire technique is preferred since it is inexpensive and does not require interobserver validation. These techniques appear extremely useful for evaluation of long term outcome of patients with rheumatic diseases.
A screening strategy for population studies in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Liang Matthew H. , Meenan Robert F. , Cathcart Edgar S. , Schur Peter H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA survey design which uses two tests in series greatly increases the efficiency of screening. We conducted a study to ascertain the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of a screening questionnaire for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. A series design in which this questionnaire is used, followed by an antinuclear antibody test, increased the predictive value of a positive screening result by 5 to 10‐fold, depending on estimates of disease prevalence. An empirical study of the series design identified two new cases of SLE and indicated that the use of a questionnaire based on accepted criteria is theoretically sound and practical. This approach should prove useful for population surverys of SLE to avoid the sampling and detection biases of previous epidemiologic studies.
Diagnostic potential of in vivo capillary microscopy in scleroderma and related disorders
Authors: Maricq H.R. , LeRoy E. C. , D'Angelo W. A. , Medsger T. A. , Rodnan G. P. , Sharp G. C. , Wolfe J. F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe prevalence of scleroderma‐type capillary abnormalities, as observed by in vivo microscopy, was determined in 173 patients from three rheumatic disease centers. The patients had a variety of connective tissue diseases: scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) 50; systemic lupus erythematosus 60; mixed connective tissue disease 26; Raynaud's disease 11; other rheumatic disorders 26. Enlarged and deformed capillary loops surrounded by relatively avascular areas, most prominently in the nailfolds, were found in 82% of patients with scleroderma and in 54% with mixed connective tissue disease. The rarity of these abnormalities in systemic lupus erythematosus (2%) despite the presence of Raynaud's phenomenon suggests that they are not an expression of the Raynaud's phenomenon frequently associated with scleroderma and mixed connective tissue disease. The single patient with Raynaud's disease and sclerodermatype capillary changes subsequently developed scleroderma.
Correlation and predictive accuracy of circulating immune complexes with disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Abrass Christine K. , Nies Kenneth M. , Louie James S. , Border Wayne A. , Glassock Richard J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSerial serum samples from 48 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were assayed for C3, anti‐DNA antibody, and circulating immune complexes (CIC). CIC were measured by the fluid phase (FClq) and solid phase (SClq) Clq binding assays. Elevations of the SClq results were associated with the presence of manifestations of SLE (P < 0.001), including active renal disease (P < 0.005) and arthritis (P < 0.001), as well as changes in degree of disease activity which prompted physician action. A change in the SClq results correctly predicted a change in disease activity 82% of the time (P < 0.005). Abnormalities of FClq, anti‐DNA antibody, and C3 were neither associated with nor predictive of changes in disease activity of SLE. These data suggest that the SClq method of determining CIC is the most reliable laboratory indicator of clinical activity in SLE.