bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient-reported outcomes three months after treatment of metacarpal and phalangeal fractures or dislocations
Authors: de Haas Louise E. M. , van de Lücht Veronique A. P. , van Hoorn Bastiaan T. , Salentijn Dorien A. , Groenwold Rolf H. H. , Schep Niels W. L. , van Heijl Mark 
Published: February 2025

AimsTo evaluate patient-reported outcomes three months after treatment of metacarpal and phalangeal fractures or dislocations, and to identify factors that are associated with worse patient-reported outcomes.MethodsThis cross-sectional, multicentre snapshot study included all adult patients with metacarpal and phalangeal fractures or dislocations during a three-month period between August and October 2020. The primary outcome was the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (MHQ) three months after injury. The MHQ scores were compared to normative MHQ scores of 90 points of the affected hand of patients who sustained unilateral trauma derived from a previous study. Subgroup analyses were performed for the most common injury types. Multivariable linear regression was used to study associations between patient characteristics and worse MHQ scores.ResultsThe MHQ scores of 512 patients were analyzed. The median MHQ score was 80 (IQR 65 to 91) for nonoperatively treated patients (n = 398) and 78 (IQR 66 to 85) for operatively treated patients (n = 114). After nonoperative treatment, 104/398 patients (26%) reached a MHQ score equal to or better than the normative MHQ score, ranging between 11% (1/9) and 42% (13/31) among the nine most common injury types. After operative treatment, this was 11% (13/114), ranging between 10% (3/29) and 31% (5/16) among the three most common injury types. No significant differences in MHQ scores were found between common injury types. Older age, the presence of hand comorbidities, and referral to hand therapy were associated with a worse MHQ score after nonoperative treatment.ConclusionThese results suggest that most patients have not returned to a normal hand function within three months following metacarpal and phalangeal fractures or dislocations. Older age, the presence of hand comorbidities, and referral for hand therapy were associated with worse hand functioning after nonoperative treatment. The findings are relevant for clinicians to evaluate recovery and for patients to manage their expectations.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2025;6(2):227–236.
Understanding the quality of ethnicity data recorded in health-related administrative data sources compared with Census 2021 in England
Authors: Razieh Cameron , Powell Bethan , Drummond Rosemary , Ward Isobel L. , Morgan Jasper , Glickman Myer , White Chris , Zaccardi Francesco , Hope Jonathan , Raleigh Veena , Akbari Ashley , Islam Nazrul , Yates Thomas , Murphy Lisa , Mateen Bilal A. , Khunti Kamlesh , Nafilyan Vahe 
Published: February 2025

Background
Electronic health records (EHRs) are increasingly used to investigate health inequalities across ethnic groups. While there are some studies showing that the recording of ethnicity in EHR is imperfect, there is no robust evidence on the accuracy between the ethnicity information recorded in various real-world sources and census data.

Methods and findings
We linked primary and secondary care NHS England data sources with Census 2021 data and compared individual-level agreement of ethnicity recording in General Practice Extraction Service (GPES) Data for Pandemic Planning and Research (GDPPR), Hospital Episode Statistics (HES), Ethnic Category Information Asset (ECIA), and Talking Therapies for anxiety and depression (TT) with ethnicity reported in the census. Census ethnicity is self-reported and, therefore, regarded as the most reliable population-level source of ethnicity recording. We further assessed the impact of multiple approaches to assigning a person an ethnic category. The number of people that could be linked to census from ECIA, GDPPR, HES, and TT were 47.4m, 43.5m, 47.8m, and 6.3m, respectively. Across all 4 data sources, the White British category had the highest level of agreement with census (≥96%), followed by the Bangladeshi category (≥93%). Levels of agreement for Pakistani, Indian, and Chinese categories were ≥87%, ≥83%, and ≥80% across all sources. Agreement was lower for Mixed (≤75%) and Other (≤71%) categories across all data sources. The categories with the lowest agreement were Gypsy or Irish Traveller (≤6%), Other Black (≤19%), and Any Other Ethnic Group (≤25%) categories.

Conclusions
Certain ethnic categories across all data sources have high discordance with census ethnic categories. These differences may lead to biased estimates of differences in health outcomes between ethnic groups, a critical data point used when making health policy and planning decisions.
Results of quality rights on human rights engagement, stigma and attitudes towards mental health among Colombian medical students
Authors: Agudelo-Hernández Felipe , Vélez-Botero Helena , Guapacha-Montoya Marcela 
Published: February 2025

Background
Training healthcare professionals in human rights approaches is fundamental for humanizing medical practice and promoting patient autonomy.

Aims
To evaluate the impact of Quality Rights strategy training on human rights engagement, stigma reduction and attitudes towards mental health among medical students in Colombian.

Method
A pre-experimental study with pre-post measures was conducted, involving 194 medical students, during the first semester of 2024 in Manizales, Caldas, Colombia. To assess notions and commitment to human rights were used the Human Rights Exposure in Social Work and Human Rights Engagement in Social Work. Attitudes toward people with mental disorders were measured using the Community Attitudes Towards the Mentally III (CAMI) scale, and attitudes toward mental health education were assessed using the Mental Illness Clinicians’ Attitude Scale (MICA). The intervention was based on QualityRights, an initiative of the World Health Organization, which aims to improve the quality of care in mental health services and to promote the human rights of people with psychosocial disabilities. Initial data comparisons were made using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Pretest and postest data were compared using the Wilcoxon test.

Results
Statistically significant improvements were observed in human rights understanding, reduced stigmatizing attitudes toward mental health and decreased authoritarianism. While students demonstrated enhanced human rights knowledge and less stigmatizing attitudes, we observed a concurrent decrease in benevolence scores.

Conclusion
The Quality Rights training strategy shows promise in improving medical students’ understanding of mental health conditions and promoting empathetic practices. However, ongoing sustained and monitoring strategies are necessary to ensure long-term adoption of human rights-based attitudes and practices in healthcare settings.
MEASURING

SOCIETAL WELL-BEING
Authors: Arnaut Cátia , Velez Lapão Luis , Brites Correia da Silva Rui 
Published: February 2025

In contemporary policy discourse, the imperative to enhance national well-being is gaining unprecedented attention. However, the complexity inherent in the multitude of indicators often poses challenges in formulating effective strategies.
This study seeks to address this issue by identifying and focussing on the most statistically significant indicators that influence well-being from a comprehensive dashboard of 142 elements. By concentrating on a mere 7% of these indicators, policymakers can strategically guide public and social policies with minimal information loss. Such a streamlined approach not only optimises decision-making processes but also offers a novel framework for budget allocation and policy prioritisation.
Notably, the integration of factors such as income inequality and environmental considerations results in distinctive outcomes, challenging prevailing well-being assessment methods and potentially altering the hierarchical nation rankings. These insights are expected to prompt a reassessment among researchers and policymakers regarding the conventional metrics of national well-being and the strategic responses required by governments.
A Pelvic Mass in a Young Patient With Crohn's Disease
Authors: Evers Charles D. , Ravindran Aishwarya , Rosenblum Frida , Weber Frederick 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Castleman disease (CD) is a rare group of lymphoproliferative disorders subdivided based on clinical features. Although not fully understood, the pathogenesis of both CD and Crohn's disease involves a combination of immune dysregulation and infectious and environmental factors. Interleukin-6, a proinflammatory cytokine, is associated with both diseases and can serve as a common therapeutic target in CD. We report a rare case of coexisting unicentric Castleman disease in a young patient with Crohn's disease.
Microinjection of angiotensin II into zebrafish embryos induces transient dilation and elastin disruption of the dorsal aorta
Authors: Tanifuji Shota , Uchida Keiko , Kawahara Genri , Nakamura Takashi , Iida Saki , Hayashi Yukiko K. , Yokoyama Utako 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe effects of angiotensin II (AngII) on blood vessel development and remodeling have been extensively investigated in mice and humans. However, its action on the vessels in the zebrafish remains largely unknown. To investigate whether AngII affects vascular morphology in vivo, we administered AngII into the endothelial‐specific transgenic reporter zebrafish (Tg[kdrl:EGFP]) at the 1‐cell stage. The average dorsal aortic diameter of five serial positions was significantly increased by 20% in AngII‐injected zebrafish compared with buffer‐injected controls at 5 days post‐fertilization. Histological studies in AngII‐injected zebrafish at 8 weeks post‐fertilization showed that elastic fiber formation was partly attenuated, with enhanced matrix metalloproteinase‐2 expression in the dorsal aorta without dilation. These results suggest that AngII induced transient aortic expansion in early larvae and may affect vascular elastic fiber formation in adult zebrafish. The use of the AngII‐injected zebrafish model is a potential tool to dissect the mechanisms of disruption of elastic vascular wall formation in the aorta.
Matrix weights and a maximal function with exponent 3/2
Authors: Treil Sergei , Volberg Alexander 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We build an example of a simple sparse operator for which its norm with scalar A
2 weight has linear estimate in

[

w

]

A

2

${\left[w\right]}_{{A}_{2}}$

, but whose norm in matrix setting grows at least as

[

W

]

A

2

3
/
2

${\left[W\right]}_{{\mathbf{A}}_{2}}^{3/2}$

for specially constructed weights from A
2. We also demonstrate a matrix weighted maximal function with the same estimate from below.
High-efficiency photocathode for green hydrogen generation from sanitation water using bismuthyl chloride/poly-o-chlorobenzeneamine nanocomposite
Authors: Aldosari Eman , Rabia Mohamed , Zhang Qinfang , Mohamed S. H. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A high-efficiency photocathode for green hydrogen generation from sanitation water without the use of a sacrificial agent has been fabricated using a bismuthyl chloride/poly-o-chlorobenzeneamine (BiOCl/POCBA) core–shell nanocomposite with the inclusion of additional bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) material. This combination results in a highly promising composite with excellent optical properties. The nanocrystalline size of the composite is evaluated at 15 nm. This nanocomposite exhibits strong photon absorbance across most of the optical spectrum and features a promising bandgap of 2.1 eV. The application of the BiOCl/POCBA photocathode for hydrogen gas generation was tested using a three-electrode cell immersed in sanitation water, which acts as a promising self-sacrificing agent. The study was conducted under various light conditions, with the produced photocurrent measured at 0.016 mA cm−2. The sensitivity of this photocathode was evaluated by testing the current density (J
ph) under different photon energies ranging from 2.3 to 3.6 eV. The produced J
ph varied significantly with these photon energies, from −0.024 to −0.019 mA cm−2, respectively. When the photon energy decreased to 1.7 eV, the produced J
ph reduced to −0.018 mA cm−2. Given its great stability, potential for mass production, and eco-friendly nature, this photocathode is a promising candidate for the industrial-scale production of renewable energy from sanitation water.
Enhanced bioactivity and degradation behavior of zinc via micro-arc anodization for biomedical applications
Authors: Dong Hongzhou , Xu Weize , Virtanen Sannakaisa , Wang Yuxin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Zinc-based alloys have attracted increasing interest as absorbable implant metals due to their suitable degradation rate and biocompatibility. However, a high concentration of Zn2+ due to the degradation process results in high cytotoxicity, and low osteogenesis remains a problem. In this work, a compact coating well integrated into the substrate was fabricated on the surface of zinc via micro-arc oxidation (MAO). The coating is mainly composed of ZnO. The addition of phosphate in the coating reinforced the adhesive strength between Zn and the coating. Electrochemical measurements demonstrate a superior corrosion resistance of MAO-P samples as compared to the substrate. Long-term immersion measurements in simulated body fluid indicate that the coating improved the bioactivity of the substrate, which is promising in view of orthopedic applications.
Effect of empagliflozin treatment on laboratory and clinical findings of patients with glycogen storage disease type Ib: first study from Türkiye
Authors: Köse Engin , Özçay Figen , Aydın Halil İbrahim , Kasapkara Çiğdem Seher , İnci Aslı , Küçükcongar Yavaş Aynur , Tümer Leyla , Eminoğlu Fatma Tuba 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Empagliflozin has been used for the treatment of over 100 glycogen storage disease type Ib (GSDIb) patients worldwide since 2019. We aimed to evaluate the effect of empagliflozin treatment on the laboratory and clinical findings of patients with GSDIb in Türkiye.

Methods
Included in this multicenter study were 10 patients with GSDIb, and whose demographic, clinical and laboratory data were analyzed retrospectively. Further data for the study were garnered through a survey of patients and caregivers to evaluate the effects of empagliflozin treatment on quality of life (QoL).

Results
The mean age at which the empagliflozin treatment was started was 73.2 (4–239) months. The mean duration of empagliflozin treatment was 16.9 (8–39) months. Glucosuria was identified in eight (80 %) patients undergoing empagliflozin treatment, while urogenital infections were detected in six (60 %) and hypoglycemia in two (20 %). An analysis of neutrophil levels revealed increased absolute neutrophil counts following empagliflozin treatment. Skin and/or mucosal lesions were noted in nine (90 %) patients prior to the initiation of empagliflozin treatment, but persisted in only one patient following empagliflozin treatment (10 %) (p=0.008). Empagliflozin treatment resulted in a decrease in the frequency of hospitalizations due to infection (p=0.0015). Furthermore, 80 % of the patients reported positive impact on their well-being as a result of the empagliflozin treatment, and 70 % of parents reported improvement in physical performance and activities, in the sleep quality of both the patient and parents, and in mobility.

Conclusions
This study revealed empagliflozin to be effective in improving the neutrophil counts of patients with GSD Ib and in enhancing the QoL of both the patients and their caregivers.
Signs and objects in op-ed articles on loneliness in the US and Singapore newspapers: a semiotic interpretation
Authors: Delante Nimrod L. , Soo Wansing Esther , Toh Lin Lin Audrey 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Semiotics uncovers signs and objects in narrative accounts and vivid descriptions in the larger body of texts through the power of an interpretant. A sign is an idea that stands for something bigger while an object is a possible interpretation or meaning of that idea. An interpretant is best thought of as the understanding that we have of the sign-object relation. In this study, we attempted to answer two research questions: (1) What signs do descriptive accounts of loneliness signify, and what objects do these significations suggest? (2) How do these sign-object relations accomplish awareness and understanding of loneliness as a deep human emotion? By thematically analysing 30 opinion articles on loneliness published in the US and Singapore newspapers, we were able to decipher the signs that op-ed articles on loneliness suggest, and we seemed to have unravelled the meanings of these signs. We seemed to have found two signs in our interpretation and meaning making: (1) In the US, loneliness exists due to the rapid deterioration of deep and meaningful human connections, and (2) In Singapore, loneliness that is made overt is a sign of human weakness. What object does the first sign suggest? We surmise that our material body has enormous power to connect with other human beings in the physical world in which we live. Fundamentally realizing the power of our lived body and our lived mind can allow us to sustain meaningful human connections that matter to our mental health. For the second sign, we argue that Singaporeans in general tend to create a binary self of which they are ensnared into a double identity that somehow explains who they are. However, this rise of embodying a binary self or a double identity in the Asian context seems to conceal difficult, heavy, and pervasive emotions such as loneliness bringing a debilitating impact on mental health. Theoretical and cultural implications invite Singaporeans to embrace vulnerability and human frailty as a way of dealing with loneliness as a dangerous emotion. Practical implications also draw into the power of embracing vulnerability and human frailty so that individuals can manage and overcome difficult emotions such as loneliness that has bearing on the kind of life they want to live.
Syntheses, crystal structures, and characterizations of two new Zn(ii)/Ni(ii) coordination polymers constructed by N-donor ligands and sulfate-bridge
Authors: Wang Huilin , Li Sai , Zhang Hua , Su Beihao , Wang Xiuyan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Two new coordination polymers, {(NH2(CH3)2)2[Zn2(bipy)(SO4)3]}
n
(1) and [Ni(phen)(SO4)(H2O)2]
n
(2) (bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) have been synthesized by using metal sulfate, nitrogen-containing ligands, and different template agents under solvothermal conditions and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. 1 exhibits binuclear units and SO4
2− connect two Zn(ii) ions’ centers. It shows 2D layer structure and further extends into 3D supramolecular framework by N–H⋯S hydrogen bonds. Moreover, 2 possesses a 1D double-chain structure and form 2D layer by hydrogen-bonding interactions. And we further explored the infrared (IR) of 1 and 2 and luminescent properties of 1.
Wettbewerb, Cronyismus und Populismus
Authors: Hesse Nils 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Das Verhältnis von Populisten zum marktwirtschaftlichen Wettbewerb ist umstritten und ambivalent. Ebenso ambivalent erscheint ihr Verhältnis zu Cronyismus und Klientelismus, gegen die sich Populisten in der Opposition häufig wenden, zu denen sie in Regierungsverantwortung aber oft selbst neigen. Der Beitrag löst diese Ambivalenzen auf, indem er als Triebkraft populistischer Bewegungen ein Aufbegehren gegen die Verquickung von politischer und wirtschaftlicher Macht identifiziert, das jedoch nicht mit einer konsistenten Vorstellung davon verbunden ist, wie politische und wirtschaftliche Macht dauerhaft begrenzt werden kann. Anhand von Beispielen aus der Geschichte des Populismus wird gezeigt, warum Populisten nicht konsequent auf Wettbewerb als Antwort auf Cronyismus setzen und warum eine Wettbewerbsordnung ein geeignetes Mittel ist, um der Entstehung populistischer Bewegungen entgegenzuwirken.
The Lexicography of New Russian Words with the Semantics of Cooperation and Discord
Authors: Leontyeva Tatyana V. , Shchetinina Anna V. , Elizarova Anastasia N. 
Published: February 2025

New words are the first to signal a cultural change; they express emerging understanding of the new social reality. Vocabulary fluctuates in response to the changing reality. In the last 20–30 years, the forms of communication in Russia and the world have undergone dramatic transformations, which, in their turn, have led to the renewal of the vocabulary. The sheer number of new words entering the Russian language require significant time and effort on the part of lexicographers who hunt down these words and describe them.Russian lexicographers have extensive experience in creating new dictionaries to encompass larger numbers of new words. As a rule, lexicographers of new words select the material according to the temporal rather than thematic criterion. In our view, however, a more productive approach would be to focus on the new forms of social interaction reflected in the language, since this vocabulary has not been systemically analyzed yet. Searching for methods of defining the new words as accurately as possible, scholars need to share their experience of structuring dictionary entries. In this article, we are going to describe our own experience of compiling a dictionary and of dealing with the questions we faced in the course of our work.The fact that most new words exist in the liminal area between language and speech complicates the process of their lexicographic description and research. In this paper, we are going to focus on the key aspects of structuring a word entry: the choice of the headword, formulation of its definition, the use of labels, and the principles of selecting examples to illustrate how the word with this or that meaning is used. It is particularly important to capture these words because their life span has decreased significantly as words come into fashion fast and just as fast go out of fashion, stop being used and are replaced by others.
Evaluating the Environmental Sustainability Awareness of Paddy Producers in the Meriç Plain (Northwest Türkiye): A Comprehensive Statistical Approach
Authors: Tokatlı Cem , Helvacıoğlu İpek Atılgan , Gülbaşı Ali 
Published: February 2025

Aim of the studyThe Meriç Plain, a critical agricultural region known as the "Rice Land" in Türkiye, hosts the country's largest rice cultivation area. This study examines the environmental sustainability awareness of rice farmers in the region.Material and methodsData were collected from 103 farmers using a convenience sampling method and statistically analysed using SPSS 27 software.Results and conclusionsThe findings revealed that environmental sustainability awareness is not significantly influenced by demographic factors such as age or income, while the level of education has a significant positive impact. Farmers with only primary education exhibited significantly lower awareness compared to those with higher education levels. No significant difference was observed among those with high school, associate, and bachelor's degrees, indicating that awareness stabilizes after a certain educational threshold.