bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CsEXL3 regulate mechanical harvest-related droopy leaves under the transcriptional activation of CsBES1.2 in tea plant
Authors: Liu Haoran , Duan Lingxiao , Ma Jianqiang , Jin Jiqiang , Huang Rong , Liu Yujie , Chen Si , Xu Xiaoying , Chen Jiedan , Yao Mingzhe , Chen Liang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Due to a labor shortage, the mechanical harvesting of tea plantations has become a focal point. However, mechanical harvest efficiency was hampered by droopy leaves, leading to a high rate of broken tea shoots and leaves. Here, we dissected the genetic structure of leaf droopiness in tea plants using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on 146 accessions, combined with transcriptome from two accessions with contrasting droopy leaf phenotypes. A set of 16 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) containing 54 SNPs and 34 corresponding candidate genes associated with droopiness were then identified. Among these, CsEXL3 (EXORDIUM-LIKE 3) from Chromosome 1 emerged as a candidate gene. Further investigations revealed that silencing CsEXL3 in tea plants resulted in weaker vascular cell malformation and brassinosteroid-induced leaf droopiness. Additionally, brassinosteroid signal factor CsBES1.2 was proved to participate in CsEXL3-induced droopiness and vascular cell malformation via using the CsBES1.2-silencing tea plant. Notably, CsBES1.2 bound on the E-box of CsEXL3 promoter to transcriptionally activate CsEXL3 expression as CUT&TAG based ChIP-qPCR and ChIP-seq suggested in vivo as well as EMSA and Y1H indicated in vitro. Furthermore, CsEXL3 instead of CsBES1.2 decreased lignin content and the expressing levels of lignin biosynthesis genes. Overall, our findings suggest that CsEXL3 regulates droopy leaves, partially through the transcriptional activation of CsBES1.2, with the potential to improve mechanical harvest efficiency in tea plantations.
Assessing the influence and legitimacy of citizen deliberation on abortion: A rejoinder to Eoin Carolan and Seána Glennon
Authors: Doyle Oran , Walsh Rachael 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article responds to the two key arguments presented by Eoin Carolan and Seána Glennon in their reply to our article: that the Citizens’ Assembly on abortion had a “consensus-clarifying” function rather than a “consensus-building” function in respect of the Irish constitutional amendment on abortion in 2018; and that participation in deliberative mini-publics should be compulsory, like jury service. We argue that the distinction drawn by Carolan and Glennon does not assist in understanding constitutional amendment processes, as the consensus required for a constitutional amendment must be fully formed, in respect of a specific amendment. We contend that the Irish Citizens’ Assembly assisted the formulation of that consensus in respect of abortion reform in Ireland. We argue that compulsory participation risks distorting the discursive environment that is essential to an effective and legitimate deliberative mini-public, and could fail to ensure the desired representativeness if exceptions to participation were allowed in certain circumstances.
Defining the imaging diagnostic criteria for adult chronic non-bacterial osteitis
Authors: Ramautar Ashna I E , Navas Ana , Winter Elizabeth M , Kroon Herman M , Smit Frits , Vriens Dennis , Hamdy Neveen A T , Appelman-Dijkstra Natasha M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Osteitis of the sternocostoclavicular (SCC) region, referred to as sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis (SCCH), is the clinical expression of chronic non-bacterial osteitis (CNO) in adults with this rare chronic auto-inflammatory disorder of the axial skeleton. The diagnosis is based on distinctive computerized tomography (CT) features of sclerosis and hyperostosis of the SCC region, and local increases in osteoid formation visualized by high radiopharmacon uptake on skeletal scintigraphy but clear radiologic diagnostic criteria are lacking. In a cross-sectional study, CT scans and whole-body skeletal scintigraphy images obtained in 169 patients seen at the Center for Bone Quality of the Leiden University Medical Center between 2008 and 2018 with a suspected diagnosis of CNO of the SCC region were re-evaluated by 2 skeletal radiologists and 2 nuclear physicians. The diagnosis was confirmed in 118 (70%) predominantly female patients (n = 103, 89.2%); median age at first symptoms 45 years (range 20-73). The diagnosis was excluded in the remaining 51 “non-CNO” patients. Increased radiopharmacon uptake at the SCC region was observed in 82% CNO patients, with the manubrium sterni having the highest predictive ability to discriminate on both imaging modalities. The prevalence of sclerosis of the clavicles, manubrium and first ribs was significantly higher in CNO patients (P &lt; 0.001). Hyperostosis was not observed in non-CNO patients. 46 CNO versus only 2 non-CNO patients had costoclavicular ligament calcification. Our findings identify CT scan features of sclerosis and hyperostosis of manubrium sterni, medial end of clavicles and first ribs, and calcification of costoclavicular ligaments, associated with increased tracer uptake on skeletal scintigraphy at the SCC region, specifically manubrium sterni, as well-defined imaging diagnostic criteria for adult CNO. Pitfalls encountered in the diagnosis of CNO are highlighted. These defined imaging diagnostic criteria for adult CNO should facilitate the diagnosis of this rare auto-inflammatory bone disease across the spectrum of its early to late stages.
Molecular characterization and demographic insights into soybean bud borer (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Brazil
Authors: Fernandes Davi de Souza , Horikoshi Renato Jun , Dourado Patrick M , Ovejero Ramiro F L , Berger Geraldo U , Savaris Marcoandre , Brown John W , Corrêa Alberto Soares 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The soybean bud borer, a soybean pest in Brazil, was initially identified as Crocidosema aporema (Walsingham 1914) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Outbreaks of this species have recently increased, but identification of this pest remains uncertain, and the historical factors associated with its geographic distribution in Brazil are little known. Here, we conducted a species characterization and phylogeographic analysis based on molecular and morphological evidence. Ninety individuals of bud-borers Lepidoptera were collected in different regions of Brazil. We sequenced COI and COII mitochondrial genes and examined wing patterns and male genital morphology. DNA barcoding approach revealed that 10 individuals were Argyrotaenia sphaleropa (Meyrick 1909) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and 80 were a species of the genus Crocidosema Zeller. The morphology of the adult genitalia and wings proved to be insufficient to confirm the identification of Brazilian individuals as C. aporema, a species originally described from a high-elevation site in Costa Rica. Furthermore, the genetic distance between putative C. aporema specimens from Brazil and Costa Rica (ranging from 5.2% to 6.4%) supports the hypothesis that the Brazilian specimens are not referable to C. aporema. Our analysis revealed a single genetic strain (i.e., species) with low genetic diversity on soybean crops. We found no indication that the genetic structure was related to geographic distance among populations or edaphoclimatic regions. The population expansion of the soybean bud borer coincides with the increase in the area of soybean production in Brazil, suggesting that expanded soybean farming has allowed a significant increase in the effective population size of this pest.
Building Peace after Self-Determination and Partition: Faulty Assumptions?
Authors: Fujikawa Kentaro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Since the 1990s, scholars have debated whether partition, the most radical solution to ethnic conflicts, promotes peace or not. Drawing on the peacebuilding and war recurrence literature, I contribute to this debate by theorizing reasons that newly independent states emerging from partition are likely to suffer from new conflicts between former pro-independence allies. At the domestic level, former pro-independence groups, assumed to be a unitary actor by partition proponents, are likely to fragment as their unity was based on achieving the goal of independence. Furthermore, newly independent states tend to suffer from very weak institutions, and citizens develop strong frustrations toward their new states because their unrealistically high expectations are unmet. At the international level, international peacebuilders tend to wrongly assume that the unity within the pro-independence camp will last after independence and that the pro-independence people are essentially “good guys.” As a result, they often misunderstand the post-conflict political dynamics of new states, which reduces the effectiveness of their peacebuilding efforts. My arguments are illustrated through analyzing why Timor-Leste and South Sudan, the closest to typical partition cases in the twenty-first century, faced the 2006 Crisis and the 2013 Civil War, respectively.
The free anterolateral thigh flap substituted for a pedicled biparietal flap in reconstructing complex frontal defect
Authors: Nghĩa Phan Tuấn , Sơn Trần Thiết 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Complex scalp defects involving soft and hard tissues pose challenges for plastic surgeons. The solution for each defect must depend on various factors and even the technical development of the infrastructure. We present a case study in which the patient had a significant total frontal defect. The first surgery was a bi-parietal flap as a salvage option to cover the defect. However, aesthetic satisfaction was not achieved. The second surgery used the anterolateral thigh flap to enhance the aesthetic result, and the placement of titanium mesh was an appropriate choice. This case may be an example of how different solutions can lead to variable results and what needs to be considered when dealing with complex scalp defects.
Small bowel perforation due to ingested frog bone: a case report
Authors: Hung Nguyen Dang , O’Connell Robert Michael , Minh Do Duc , Flanagan Michael , Long Tran Bao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Perforation of the gastrointestinal tract by ingested foreign body is an uncommon surgical emergency, most typically associated with the consumption of fish and chicken bones. We present an unusual case of a gentleman presenting emergently with an acute abdomen following ingestion of a meal containing frog meat. Emergent computed tomography (CT) revealed findings suggestive of jejunal perforation due to a foreign body. At laparotomy, a mid-jejunal site of perforation was noted due to a protruding piece of fractured frog bone. Washout and primary repair of the small bowel enterotomy were performed, and the patient made an excellent post-operative recovery.
Developing the BornFyne prenatal management system version 2.0: a mixed method community participatory approach to digital health for reproductive maternal health
Authors: Nkangu Miriam , Njoache Mildred Nkeng , Obegu Pamela , Wanda Franck , Ngo Ngo Valery , Fantaye Arone , Kasonde Mwenya , Buh Amos Wung , Sinsai Regina , Kepgang Evrard , Kibu Odette , Detchaptche Sarah Pascale Ngassa , Fobellah Nkengfac , Gobina Ronald , Tangang Brice , Foretia Denis , Pessa Arthur , Little Julian , Weledji Donald , Yaya Sanni 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Despite the growing number of global initiatives aimed at reducing adverse maternal health outcomes, there remain critical gaps and disparities in access to maternal health services in Cameroon and across the sub-Saharan Africa. Digital health innovations represent unique opportunities for addressing maternal and newborn child health in sub-Saharan Africa. This article documents the approach to developing the BornFyne-Prenatal Management System (PNMS) as an intervention to support maternal health issues in Cameroon. The mixed-method design employed the three-delays model conducted in four health districts purposefully selected with a mix of urban and rural settings as defined in the context. The study employed focus group discussions and interviews to inform the development features. A total of 25 providers were interviewed, 12 focus group discussions and 4 workshops were held and a total of 3654 households were surveyed. Participants highlighted multifaceted advantages of using digital health platform such as BornFyne-PNMS to enhance communication and care during pregnancy such as remote consultations, emergency response, increased patient engagement and improved continuity of care and convenience. Most respondents believed that the use of a digital platform like BornFyne-PNMS would greatly facilitate access to health facilities, especially during emergencies. The BornFyne-PNMS deployment includes community engagement, training and practical skills building of health workers in the use of digital technologies, the establishment of an emergency transport mechanism for response to emergency cases, assessment and upgrading of the computer hardware of enrolled health facilities and support to health system managers to review and interpret the BornFyne data and interoperability with the national health management information system.
Feather growth rate and hormone deposition vary with elevation but not reproductive costs in resident Mountain Chickadees
Authors: Sonnenberg Benjamin R , Branch Carrie L , Pitera Angela M , Benedict Lauren M , Heinen Virginia K , Ouyang Jenny Q , Pravosudov Vladimir V 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Many organisms engage in metabolic tradeoffs to manage costs associated with reproductive output which often leads to these costs carrying over into the future. Compensatory mechanisms vary across life history strategies and are expected to result in near-optimal fitness gains for the investor. Here we investigated whether environmental differences associated with increasing montane elevation and variation in reproductive output of a resident passerine songbird, the Mountain Chickadee (Poecile gambeli), were related to physiological conditions during annual molt. Higher elevations are associated with harsher environmental conditions during the winter, which results in later and shorter breeding seasons than at lower elevations. We sampled the outermost tail feathers from adult birds in the fall after their prebasic molt, which initiates closely after reproduction (e.g., after parental care has ceased, ~1–3 weeks). We measured the hormone corticosterone deposited in feathers (fCORT) and feather growth rates for evidence of physiological effort predicted to be driven by several units of reproductive output (e.g., breeding timing, clutch and brood size, and offspring mass). There were no relationships between any measure of reproductive output and feather characteristics between elevations or across years, despite substantial variation in reproductive output in the wider population across this same time. However, birds at the high-elevation site grew their tail feathers significantly faster and had higher fCORT deposition compared to low-elevation birds. These results suggest that although differences in reproductive output and any related signals of associated physiological effort (e.g., fCORT and feather growth rate) may not extend into individual conditions during annual molt, shorter breeding seasons associated with harsher environmental conditions may favor faster feather growth as required by earlier onset of winter.
Stochastic star formation in the Milky Way inferred from the unity index of the Kennicutt–Schmidt law
Authors: Sofue Yoshiaki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We performed a correlation analysis between the brightness temperature of the CO line and number density of H ii regions in the longitude–velocity diagram (LVD) of the Milky Way in order to investigate the volumetric star-formation law. We determined the index α of the Kennicut–Schmidt law for the molecular gas defined by $\rho _{\rm SFR}\propto \rho _{\rm H_2}^\alpha$, where ρSFR is the SFR (star-formation rate) density and $\rho _{\rm H_2}$ is the molecular-gas density. We obtained α = 1.053 ± 0.075 and 1.031 ± 0.067 for the CO-line data from the Nobeyama 45 m and Columbia 1.2 m telescope Galactic plane surveys, respectively. This result is consistent with the KS indices currently determined for the molecular gas in the Milky Way as well as in spiral and starburst galaxies. We argue that an index close to 1 is universal in favour of stochastic (spontaneous) star formation, but is inconsistent with the cloud-collision model, which predicts a steeper index of α = 2. We also suggest that the efficiency of star formation in the Galactic Centre is an order of magnitude lower than that in the disc.
Extranodal Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma Presenting on the Skin
Authors: Agüero Rosario , Reculé Francisca , Pérez Jaime , Castro Alex 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma is a rare intermediate-grade malignancy characterized by a proliferation of ovoid to spindle-shaped cells with morphologic and immunophenotypic features similar to normal follicular dendritic cells. It may develop in lymph nodes or extranodal sites. Its presentation in extranodal tissues is a diagnostic challenge. It requires a high index of suspicion because follicular dendritic cell markers are not included in the routine immunohistochemical panels used for differential diagnosis. In an extensive review of the English literature, we found 3 cases of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma developing on the skin. We report a case of a primary cutaneous follicular dendritic cell sarcoma in a 28-year-old man, which presented as a 6-mm skin-colored nodule on the right forearm. We describe the morphologic and immunohistochemical features and a review of the literature.
Diagnostic Accuracy of the Yale Swallow Protocol in Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective Blinded Videofluoroscopic Investigation
Authors: Weppner Justin , Senol Selcen , Larick Rayghan , Jackson Stephanie 
Published: March 2024

Objective:
The study aimed to assess the accuracy of the Yale Swallow Protocol (YSP) in screening aspiration in adults with acute moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) by comparing the YSP with a videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS).

Setting:
Level 1 academic trauma center.

Participants:
The study involved a cohort of 50 consecutive adults with a history of acute moderate-to-severe TBI.

Design:
The prospective cohort study was conducted between July 2020 and June 2021. Participants underwent the YSP to assess aspiration risk, followed by a VFSS within 5 to 10 minutes after the YSP, to assess the accuracy of the YSP compared with the VFSS.

Main Measure:
The accuracy of the YSP in identifying aspiration in adults with acute moderate-to-severe TBI.

Results:
The interrater agreement for identifying aspiration on the VFSS and the YSP was excellent, as well as 100% agreement between the speech-language pathologists and the radiologist and between the 2 speech-language pathologists, respectively. Of the 50 participants, 16 passed the YSP, while 34 failed. Among those who failed, 30 were confirmed to have aspirated on the VFSS (true-positives) and 4 did not show aspiration on the VFSS (false-positives). The YSP demonstrated a high sensitivity of 96.8%, a specificity of 78.9%, a positive predictive value of 88.2%, and a negative predictive value of 93.8% in identification of aspiration in this cohort.

Conclusions:
To date, no dedicated prospective studies have been conducted to assess the utility of the YSP as a screening tool for identifying aspiration risk in persons with moderate-to-severe TBI. The results of this study conclude that the YSP is an effective screening tool for prediction of aspiration in acute care patients with moderate-to-severe TBI due to its high sensitivity and negative predictive value. These factors aid in identification of individuals at risk for aspiration and facilitate timely interventions to prevent complications.
The Predictive Value of the Verbal Glasgow Coma Scale in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pisano Francesca , Bilotta Federico 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major global health concern, imposing significant burdens on individuals and healthcare systems. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), a widely utilized instrument for evaluating neurological status, includes 3 variables: motor, verbal, and eye opening. The GCS plays a crucial role in TBI severity stratification. While extensive research has explored the predictive capabilities of the overall GCS score and its motor component, the Verbal Glasgow Coma Scale (V-GCS) has garnered less attention.

Objective:
To examine the predictive accuracy of the V-GCS in assessing outcomes in patients with TBI, with a particular focus on functional outcome and mortality. In addition, we intend to compare its predictive performance with other components of the GCS.

Methods:
A systematic review, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, was conducted utilizing the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Inclusion criteria encompassed 10 clinical studies involving patients with TBI, wherein the level of consciousness was assessed using the verbal GCS score. Predominant statistical measures employed were odds ratios (ORs) and area under the curve (AUC).

Results:
Recorded findings consistently underscore that lower V-GCS scores are associated with adverse functional outcomes and mortality in patients with TBI. Despite the predictive accuracy of the V-GCS, the Motor Glasgow Coma Scale (M-GCS) emerges as a superior predictor.

Conclusion:
In the context of TBI outcome prediction, the V-GCS demonstrates its efficacy as a prognostic tool. However, the M-GCS exhibits superior performance compared with the V-GCS. These insights underscore the multifaceted nature of TBI assessment and emphasize the necessity of considering distinct components of the Glasgow Coma Scale for comprehensive evaluation. Further research is warranted to refine and improve the application of these predictive measures in clinical practice.
Predictability of the National Psychological Stress Screening for Subsequent Long-Term Psychiatric Sick Leave Among Employees
Authors: Kawamura Takashi , Kobayashi Daisuke ,   on behalf of The University Network Analyses of Stress Check for Employees (UNASCE) Investigators
Published: March 2024

Objective
The aim of the study is to predict employees’ long-term sick leave due to psychiatric disorders using the national psychological stress screening program.

Methods
University employees who took long-term psychiatric sick leave in 2016–2018 were assigned as cases. Those who were present at work and matched for sex, age, and occupation type were assigned as controls. Answers in a 57-item questionnaire were analyzed by multivariable regression, and a prediction model was developed. It was validated in cases and matched controls in 2019.

Results
Six items were identified as independent predictors by multivariable regression and included in a prediction model. The area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve was 0.768 (95% confidence interval: 0.723–0.813). This finding was similar to that in the validation sample.

Conclusions
The performance of the prediction model was modest and the national Stress Check Program should be further refined.