bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
King's Lynn and the Low Countries in the Early Seventeenth Century: Maritime Trade and Sexual Scandal
Authors: METTERS G. ALAN 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis article analyses the general pattern of King's Lynn's overseas trade as it is recorded in the port books during the early years of the reign of James I and the place of trade with the Low Countries within that overall pattern. It shows how Lynn's merchants adapted to the emergence of the new Dutch Republic and in particular to the growth of the entrepot of Amsterdam. Dutch shipmaster‐merchants played a major part in the trade with their home ports, but a group of Lynn merchants were also highly significant in the wider picture, with two in particular being dominant. An angry official complaint made by one Dutch shipmaster triggered another less happy relationship between Lynn and the Low Countries and exposed a case of sexual assault by a senior member of the borough's political elite. As this scandal unfolded, it became clear that some members of the borough corporation were not just aware of what the scurrilous alderman had been doing but had previously been his victims. The attempts to remove him from his place on the corporation ultimately failed and, without a criminal prosecution, he seems to have got away more or less scot‐free.
Caught Between Ideology and Self‐Interest: Subjective Social Status and Meritocratic Beliefs Shape Whether People Perceive, Feel Anger About, and Want to Change Economic Conflict
Authors: van Noord Jochem , Spruyt Bram , Van Droogenbroeck Filip , Kuppens Toon 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBelief in meritocracy and social status are central to understanding how people think and behave in relation to economic conflict. In this paper, we investigate how belief in meritocracy is moderated by (subjective) social status for three different aspects of citizens' attitudes towards economic inequality and conflict, namely (1) perceived conflict, (2) anger about economic inequality and (3) intentions to change economic conflict (egalitarianism). Data from the International Social Survey Programme on 29 countries reveal that the effect of meritocracy depends on social status and differs meaningfully across the three attitudes. For people high in social status, belief in meritocracy relates to lower perceptions of conflict, anger, and egalitarianism. For people with a low subjective social status there is no or a weak relation of belief in meritocracy with the outcomes. In addition, when belief in meritocracy was low, those with a high subjective social status appeared to be concerned about inequality as they perceived more economic conflict and felt more anger than those with a low subjective social status. However, this was not the case for intentions to reduce inequality. Hence, these effects of meritocracy and social status should be understood in light of self‐interest concerns of social groups, rather than solely ideological domination.
Identification of Social Risk‐Related Referrals in Discrete Primary Care Electronic Health Record Data: Lessons Learned From a Novel Methodology
Authors: Dankovchik Jenine , Gold Rachel , Ochoa Aileen , Donovan Jenna , Gunn Rose , Morrissey Suzanne , Huebner Torres Cristina , Mossman Ned , Berkowitz Seth A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess the utility of using discrete primary care electronic health record (EHR) data to identify social risk referrals in a national network of community‐based clinics.Data Sources and Study SettingPrimary data were abstracted from the OCHIN network EHR (June 2016 to February 2022) of 1459 community‐based clinics across the United States.Study DesignStructured data elements included 913 commonly used smartphrases and 53 procedure codes that were considered potential indicators of social risk referrals. Using stratified purposive sampling, we compared these discrete data with clinical notes to assess concordance of social risk referral documentation, and of the prevalence, types, and outcomes of such referrals.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsSmartphrases were classified into three categories (likely, possible, or unlikely to indicate a social risk referral); 50 chart notes were sampled for each of the 25 most frequently used smartphrases in each category, and for 53 of the most frequently used procedure codes. A total of 6104 chart notes were reviewed.Principal FindingsIn 59% of chart notes where discrete data suggested a social risk referral occurred, there was no documentation of this in the note. Primary domains addressed were food insecurity (38%), financial stress (18%) and housing needs (18%). Common referral activities included providing contact information (26%), help with assistance applications (17%), and direct provision of resources (16%). Documentation indicated the patient received resources in 29% of notes.ConclusionsEHR documentation of social risk referrals in structured data fields is inconsistent. Further work should establish best practices, especially given emerging policies that tie payments to documentation of social risk screening and intervention provision. Community health centers may struggle to use data elements such as smartphrases and procedure codes to monitor and report on their social risk referrals until standardized coding practices are established and effectively implemented.
Upward Influencers in Teams
Authors: Cai Wei , Chen Yaxuan , Shin Jee‐Eun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTUpward influencers, employees who are more favorably perceived by their supervisors than their peers and subordinates, are predicted by economic and accounting theories and are found to be ubiquitous in many organizations. Despite their prevalence, the role of upward influencers in teams remains underexplored. This paper fills this void by using proprietary data from a service‐providing organization that allows for the identification of upward influencers based on its 360‐degree person evaluation. We find an inverted U‐shaped relationship between the fraction of upward influencers in a team and team performance. In cross‐sectional analyses, we show that this relationship is driven by conditions when the need for collaboration and information sharing is high and when managers are less experienced. Additional tests exploring the mechanisms for the role of upward influencers in teams suggest that they impair team horizontal relationships through lowering the willingness to communicate, share knowledge, and offer mutual assistance among team members. Yet, teams with upward influencers build better vertical relationships with supervisors, which, in return, is associated with supervisors allocating more of their time to provide team members with feedback and guidance. Taken together, this study contributes to the understanding of upward influencers in teams.
Self‐reported knowledge and attitudes surrounding care of LGBTQIA+ patients in the emergency department
Authors: Pavlovic Katherine , Thrower Emily , Malouf Jakob , Rotella Joe Anthony 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveThe ED is a common pathway for receiving care for all consumers. Little is known about staff perspectives about care of consumers who identify as LGBTQIA+ in an Australian setting. We sort to explore staff knowledge, attitude and behaviours around care of LGBTQIA+ consumers to identify potential barriers to care.MethodsAn anonymised electronic survey of staff from a community hospital ED was conducted. Medical, nursing, allied health and clerical staff were all invited to participate. The survey contained 33 questions in the form of multiple‐choice questions and free‐text commentary. Responses were pooled and analysed both as a whole and by role within the ED.ResultsOne hundred nine participants responded (response rate 25.3%). Over 50% of respondents were aged 44 years or less (74.4%), and predominantly identified as female (63.3%) and heterosexual (80.7%). Most respondents did not find treating or interacting with LGBTQIA+ consumers challenging, difficult, or uncomfortable irrespective of role. Most disagreed it was more difficult to undertake a clinical assessment compared to other consumers. Consumer‐led education from people identifying as LGBTQIA+ was preferred for improving care (26.6%).ConclusionsThis study found that despite little or no formal training in provision of care for LGBTQIA+ consumers, respondents saw LGBTQIA+ consumers as a relatively small group within the wider ED consumer population and did not see the treatment of LGBTQIA+ consumers as more challenging with respect to interaction, assessment and provision of care.
Self‐efficacy status and influential factors of fluid intake in patients on maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Zhong Xiaotong , Wang Xue , Gao Zhihua , Ren Haiwei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionTo explore the self‐efficacy status and influential factors of fluid intake in patients on hemodialysis.MethodsBetween August and October 2023, 183 patients undergoing hemodialysis were recruited from a tertiary hospital using convenience sampling. Self‐efficacy was assessed using the Fluid Intake Appraisal Inventory (FIAI), a validated questionnaire comprising physiological, emotional, social, and environmental dimensions. Independent sample t‐tests and multiple linear regression analysis were used to evaluate the impact of factors such as dialysis duration, dry body weight, and medication for kidney disease on self‐efficacy.ResultsA total of 181 valid questionnaires were collected. The mean FIAI score was 219.10 ± 64.27, indicating a moderate level of self‐efficacy in fluid intake. Univariate analysis showed that dialysis duration, dry body weight, and medication use significantly influenced fluid intake self‐efficacy (p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis identified dialysis duration (beta [β] = 0.406, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.021–0.792), medication for kidney disease (β = −0.900, 95% CI: −1.490 to −0.310), and dry body weight (β = −0.600, 95% CI: −1.058 to −0.142) as independent influencing factors (all p < 0.05).ConclusionPatients on hemodialysis were found to have moderate levels of fluid intake self‐efficacy. Patients with long dialysis duration, no medication for kidney disease, and low dry body weight have higher self‐efficacy. Findings in this study suggest that personalized guidance based on the characteristics of different patients should be provided by nursing staff to enhance patient self‐efficacy in fluid intake and their quality of life.
Purification and antiproliferative effects of lectin from Japanese adzuki beans (Vigna angularis) against cancer cells
Authors: Une Satsuki , Nonaka Koji 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAdzuki beans have been historically utilized for both culinary and medicinal purposes in Japan. Lectin derived from Japanese red adzuki beans (JABs, Vigna angularis) exhibits several biological effects; however, to our knowledge, no detailed reports have been published on this topic. We purified lectin from adzuki beans to evaluate its impact on the proliferative activity of cancer cells and establish its biological profile. The Japanese red adzuki bean lectin (JABL) was purified using thyroglobulin‐Sepharose 4B and evaluated for blood and sugar specificity and its effect on B16, LM8, Ehrlich ascites, HepG2, HeLa, and Colo679 cell proliferation compared with those of concanavalin A (ConA, Canavalia ensiformis) lectin. The molecular weight of JABL was 60 kDa. JABL showed specificity to thyroglobulin, fetuin, and rabbit erythrocytes, but not to sheep and horse erythrocytes. Additionally, JABL showed no resistance to chymotrypsin but exhibited weak resistance at temperatures >60°C. JABL exerted significantly stronger antiproliferative effects than that of the control on human and mouse cancer cells in a concentration‐dependent manner. JABL demonstrated 30%–40% superior antiproliferative activity against Colo679 and B16 cells compared to that against other cells. JABL activity was weaker than ConA activity (approximately 80%–90%) but equivalent to red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) lectin activity. No inhibitory effect of JABL on TNF‐α was observed, which is typically observed with bean lectins. Our results show that JABL might exert antiproliferative effects on mouse and human cancer cells, making it a potential chemopreventive agent for cancer.Practical ApplicationJapanese red adzuki beans are popular in Asia, especially Japan. In Japan, the adzuki bean is a staple food and used in Japanese confectionery for celebrations. Adzuki bean lectin was purified using thyroglobulin‐Sepharose 4B. The purified lectin showed specificity for rabbit erythrocytes and anticancer activity in mouse and human cells. The lectin retained its biological activity even when subjected to temperatures exceeding 60°C. Thus, adzuki bean lectin has the potential to be used as a bioactive and anticancer agent in medical research.
Maternity Healthcare Worker Perspectives of Severe Acute Maternal Morbidity Recording, Reporting and Case Review in Queensland, Australia
Authors: Frost Joanne , Weaver Edward , Callaway Leonie 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSystematic, multi‐disciplinary review of Severe Acute Maternal Morbidity (SAMM) can improve maternal outcomes. Routinely collected data, collated into the Queensland SAMM Dashboard, may facilitate local case review. We wanted to understand how SAMMs are reviewed locally and how centrally collated data supports review processes.AimsThe purpose of this survey was to assess local SAMM recording and review practices in Queensland.Materials and MethodsA cross‐sectional online survey, using multiple choice and free‐text response formats, sampled multi‐disciplinary health care workers (HCW) involved in SAMM review in Queensland public maternity units. Responses were analysed for content, with thematic analysis performed on free‐text comments.ResultsTwenty HCW responded from a mix of tertiary, regional and rural maternity facilities. HCW responses identified a lack of clarity around the terms ‘maternal morbidity’, ‘SAMM’ and ‘Near‐Miss’. HCW reported various approaches for recording and reviewing SAMM. The commonest structures were Root Cause Analysis and Human Error and Patient Safety incident analysis. Reviews commonly involved: patient safety teams (50%); staff involved in the case (45%); independent/external reviewers (40%) and hospital management (40%). Few responses (10%) indicated consumers were involved. 30%–80% reviewed the ACSQHC defined SAMM, 70% Near‐Miss cases and up to 70% reviewed other severe maternal morbidity indicators. 20% of HCW stated lessons learned during reviews were shared with other hospitals.ConclusionsIn Queensland, we have found variability in: HCW understanding of SAMM definitions, how cases are recorded, reviewed and improvements facilitated. A standardised approach to SAMM review and collaboration to share lessons learned may benefit maternity care.
Peers, equals, and jurors: New data and methods on legal equality in Leveller thought
Authors: Schwartzberg Melissa , Spirling Arthur 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe consider the Levellers' conception of equality relative to their contemporaries during the Civil War(s) period. We compile a corpus of hundreds of seventeenth−century pamphlets and combine this with novel word embedding techniques trained on millions of Early Modern English documents to make statements about word “meanings.” We focus on understanding of the phrase “peers and equals” (and its variants). We provide quantitative and qualitative evidence, in line with extant literature, that the Levellers—John Lilburne specifically—had a prevailing interest in equality in a way that is different to that expressed by other groups of the time. But contrary to current scholarship, we show that the Levellers and Lilburne were animated primarily by a particular institutional manifestation of legal equality: their interest in parity or the status of peers primarily pertained to the jury.
Neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells by agonism of the beta but not the alpha oestrogen receptor in the axotomized retina of male and female mice
Authors: Rodríguez‐Ramírez Kristy T. , Galindo‐Romero Caridad , Lucas‐Ruiz Fernando , Vidal‐Sanz Manuel , Agudo‐Barriuso Marta 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeTo compare the course of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss following optic nerve crush (ONC) in male and female mice and to assess the neuroprotective potential of intravitreally administered oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) or beta (ERβ) agonists.MethodsOptic nerve crush was performed on the left optic nerve of male and female C57BL/6 mice. RGC loss was evaluated at 3–21 days post‐lesion. ERα and ERβ agonists (PPT and DPN, respectively) were injected either immediately after ONC with retinas analysed at 5 days or immediately post‐ONC and again at 9 days, with retinas analysed at 21 days post‐lesion. Intact retinas served as controls. The total population of Brn3a+RGCs was quantified in retinal flat mounts. To assess the retinal expression of ERα and ERβ, immunodetection was performed on cross sections, and the percentage of RGCs expressing each receptor was determined in flat mounts.ResultsRetinal ganglion cell loss in both sexes followed two distinct linear phases: A rapid phase up to 9 days post‐lesion, followed by a slower phase. However, the onset of RGC loss was earlier in males than in females. Both ERα and ERβ were expressed in all retinal layers and by the majority of RGCs. While ERα agonism did not confer RGC protection, ERβ agonism was neuroprotective during the second phase of axotomy‐induced RGC loss.ConclusionsPreclinical results may be influenced by pooling data from male and female mice. The neuroprotective effects of ERβ during the second phase of RGC loss, likely linked to neuroinflammation, suggest potential therapeutic applications for chronic conditions such as glaucoma.
Increased macrophages contribute to thyroid hormone‐induced cardiac alterations in mice
Authors: Senger Nathalia , de Almeida‐Santos Gislane , Cerri Gabriela Cavazza , Mota Joice Silva , Parletta Aline Cristina , Vieira‐Junior Denival Nascimento , Junior Joaquim Teixeira Xavier , do Nascimento Rogério Silva , da Silva Ramos de Souza Danilo Chaves , Irigoyen Maria Claudia Costa , Diniz Gabriela Placoná , Mosig José Maria Alvarez , Kuhn Tim Christian , Leuschner Florian , D'Império Lima Maria Regina , Barreto‐Chaves Maria Luiza Morais 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimsThe heart is one of the main targets of thyroid hormone. Patients with hyperthyroidism, a disease with high incidence in the population, have increased arrhythmia risk and cardiac hypertrophy, which is an independent predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Recent research has revealed the essential roles of leukocytes in cardiac homeostasis and stress‐induced responses. Here, we aimed to evaluate the role of immune cells in cardiac changes induced by elevated triiodothyronine (T3) levels.MethodsThe hyperthyroid condition in mice was mimicked by daily injections (i.p.) of T3 (14 μg/100 g BW) for 7 or 14 days.ResultsIncreased heart rate and cardiac mass observed after 7 days of T3 treatment was associated with enhanced myocardial population of neutrophils, dendritic cells, and inflammatory phenotypes of monocytes and macrophages, without circulating changes in these cells, as evaluated by flow cytometry. In vitro experiments demonstrated bias toward pro‐inflammatory polarization in isolated bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDM) in response to T3. Interestingly, depletion of macrophages in mice prevented hypertrophic heart growth, tachycardia, and increased gene expression of the pro‐inflammatory cytokine interleukin‐(IL)‐6 caused by hyperthyroid condition.ConclusionTogether, these new findings indicate the involvement of macrophages in the cardiac changes promoted by higher T3 levels. Considering that sustained cardiac growth and tachycardia can potentially lead to heart failure, our results suggest that targeting macrophages might be a novel therapeutic approach for attenuating cardiac disorders caused by hyperthyroidism.
Charitable giving under the behavioral influence of income inequality: Evidence from South Korea
Authors: Kim Youngrok 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe study analyzes the correlation between South Korean taxpayers' perceptions of income inequality and their giving behavior, using 6 years of panel data from 2017 to 2022. It focuses on perceived income inequality, based on the assumption that individuals are more responsive to a subjective inequality index than to objective inequality measures. The results are as follows: First, consistent with the theoretical prediction, the higher the perceived income inequality, the more taxpayers give. This trend holds even when controlling for the Gini index. Second, higher‐income individuals who perceive income inequality as high donate more. Third, individuals who are more pessimistic about future income inequality donate more. Overall, the study concludes that subjective perceptions of income inequality increase the supply of individual public goods, consistent with theoretical predictions.
Papaverine safety during pregnancy: Insights from a large population‐based cohort of pregnancies
Authors: Levi Yael , Michael Tal , Dor Saar , Pariente Gali , Lunenfeld Eitan , Levy Amalia , Birenstock‐Choen Shira , Daniel Sharon 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimsPapaverine hydrochloride functions as an antispasmodic and vasodilator medication. Data concerning the teratogenic risk of papaverine is currently lacking. The aims of this paper are to examine the association between first‐trimester exposure to papaverine and major congenital malformations and the association between third trimester exposure to papaverine and late adverse pregnancy outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based retrospective cohort study that included pregnant women 15–49 years old insured by ‘Clalit Health Services’ in southern Israel, who gave birth or had an elective pregnancy termination due to suspected fetal malformation at Soroka Medical Center between 1999 and 2017. Multivariate negative binomial regression models were used to examine the associations between papaverine during the first trimester and major congenital malformations, and between papaverine during the third trimester and late adverse pregnancy outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsThe study included a total of 254 333 pregnancies, of which 3604 (1.41%) were exposed to papaverine during the first trimester, and 1253 (0.49%) during the third trimester. No significant associations were found between first‐trimester exposure to papaverine and total congenital major malformations or specific malformations according to organ systems in the multivariate analysis (adjusted RR for: total major malformations = 1.021; 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.895–1.165], cardiovascular = 1.073; 95% CI [0.905–1.273], central nervous system = 0.784; 95% CI [0.484–1.271], musculoskeletal = 0.823; 95% CI [0.588–1.153], gastrointestinal = 0.887; 95% CI [0.457–1.718], genitourinary = 1.076; 95% CI [0.805–1.438]). Additionally, we did not detect significant associations between third‐trimester exposure to papaverine and late adverse pregnancy outcomes.ConclusionsExposure to papaverine during pregnancy was not associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in the population studied, compared with non‐exposed pregnancies.