bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting the Microtubules in Breast Cancer Beyond Taxanes: The Epothilones
Authors: Cortes Javier , Baselga Jose 
Published: April 2007

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Describe the mechanism of action of epothilones and the different epothilone analogs in clinical development.Discuss the current status and the results of phase II trials with epothilone analogs in metastatic breast cancer.Explain why epothilone may have utility in combination with other cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents for treating metastatic breast cancer.
CME Access and take the CME test online and receive 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™ at CME.TheOncologist.com
FDA Drug Approval Summary: Bevacizumab Plus FOLFOX4 as Second-Line Treatment of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Cohen Martin H. , Gootenberg Joe , Keegan Patricia , Pazdur Richard 
Published: April 2007

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Add bevacizumab (Avastin®) to the FOLFOX4 chemotherapy regimen.Evaluate the contribution of bevacizumab and FOLFOX4 to treatment results.Understand FDA criteria for the analysis of response rate and progression-free survival.
CME Access and take the CME test online and receive 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™ at CME.TheOncologist.com
Characteristics of male and female prisoners involved in bullying behavior
Authors: Ireland Jane L. , Archer John , Power Christina L. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis study explores bullying behavior in a larger and more representative sample than previous prison‐based research. It has two core aims, first to explore the nature of bullying in relation to indirect and direct aggression and, second, to explore the predictors of bully‐category membership with particular reference to behavioral characteristics. Participants were adult men (n=728) and women (n=525) prisoners. All completed a behavioral measure of behavior indicative of bullying (Direct and Indirect Prisoner behavior Checklist, DIPC) that also explored prison‐based behavior such as negative acts towards staff or prison rules, positive acts and drug‐related behavior. Indirect aggression was, as predicted, reported more frequently than direct aggression, although this only held for perpetration. Bully‐victims, as predicted, showed more negative behavior. Pure bullies and pure victims also showed more negative behavior than the other categories. The findings are discussed in relation to the environment in which bullying behavior is being assessed and with attention to the possible motivations underlying both bullying and negative behavior. Directions for future research are suggested. Aggr. Behav. 33:1–10, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Alcohol‐aggression expectancies and dispositional rumination moderate the effect of alcohol consumption on alcohol‐related aggression and hostility
Authors: Borders Ashley , Barnwell Sara Smucker , Earleywine Mitch 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAlcohol consumption increases aggression, but only in some drinkers. This study extends previous work to show how expectancies for alcohol‐induced aggression and dispositional rumination moderate the link between alcohol consumption and alcohol‐related aggression and hostility in a sample of 285 men and women. Alcohol‐aggression expectancies and quantity of alcohol interacted to predict alcohol‐related hostility and aggression. Trait rumination moderated the effect of alcohol consumption on aggressive acts. Finally, women who ruminated were more likely to report alcohol‐related aggression than were men who ruminated. These results suggest that alcohol expectancies for aggression and rumination constitute two important cognitive facilitators of alcohol‐related aggression and hostility, and that gender plays an important role in these relations. Aggr. Behav. 33:327–338, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Organic Tube/Rod Hybrid Nanofibers with Adjustable Segment Lengths by Bidirectional Template Wetting
Authors: Kriha O. , Zhao L. , Pippel E. , Gösele U. , Wehrspohn R. B. , Wendorff J. H. , Steinhart M. , Greiner A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractSegmented nanotubes and nanorods exhibiting a variation in their composition along their long axes represent a new and exciting class of nanomaterials. It is shown that bidirectional template wetting enables the integration of functional and complex polymeric materials into segmented nanofibers. First, a template is wetted under conditions in which a solid polymeric thread with adjustable length fills a pore segment starting from one template surface. Subsequently, a second wetting step starting from the opposite template surface yields segmented nanofibers. The exploitation of different wetting mechanisms results in the formation of tube/rod hybrid nanofibers.
Confinement of Thermoresponsive Hydrogels in Nanostructured Porous Silicon Dioxide Templates
Authors: Segal E. , Perelman L. A. , Cunin F. , Di Renzo F. , Devoisselle J.‐M. , Li Y. Y. , Sailor M. J. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA thermoresponsive hydrogel, poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (poly(NIPAM)), is synthesized in situ within an oxidized porous Si template, and the nanocomposite material is characterized. Infiltration of the hydrogel into the interconnecting nanoscale pores of the porous SiO2 host is confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The optical reflectivity spectrum of the nanocomposite hybrid displays Fabry–Pérot fringes characteristic of thin film interference, enabling direct, real‐time observation of the volume phase transition of the confined poly(NIPAM) hydrogel. Reversible optical reflectivity changes are observed to correlate with the temperature‐dependent volume phase transition of the hydrogel, providing a new means of studying nanoscale confinement of responsive hydrogels. The confined hydrogel displays a swelling and shrinking response to changes in temperature that is significantly faster than that of the bulk hydrogel. The porosity and pore size of the SiO2 template, which are precisely controlled by the electrochemical synthesis parameters, strongly influence the extent and rate of changes in the reflectivity spectrum of the nanocomposite. The observed optical response is ascribed to changes in both the mechanical and the dielectric properties of the nanocomposite.
An attainable region approach for production planning of multiproduct processes
Authors: Sung Charles , Maravelias Christos T. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA novel approach is presented for the solution of production planning problems for multiproduct processes. A mixed‐integer programming (MIP) scheduling model is analyzed off‐line to obtain a convex approximation of feasible production levels and a convex underestimation of total production cost as a function of production levels. The two approximating functions are expressed via linear inequalities that involve only planning variables yet provide all the relevant scheduling information necessary to solve the planning problem with high quality. A rolling horizon algorithm is also presented for generation (if necessary) of detailed schedules. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2007
Binding of bioactive phytochemical piperine with human serum albumin: A spectrofluorometric study
Authors: Suresh Dodda Venkatanna , Mahesha Honsigere G. , Rao A. G. Appu , Srinivasan Krishnapura 
Published: April 2007

AbstractPiperine, the bioactive alkaloid compound of the spice black pepper (Piper nigrum) exhibits a wide range of beneficial physiological and pharmacological activities. Being essentially water‐insoluble, piperine is presumed to be assisted by serum albumin for its transport in blood. In this study, the binding of piperine to serum albumin was examined by employing steady state and time resolved fluorescence techniques. Binding constant for the interaction of piperine with human serum albumin, which was invariant with temperature in the range of 17–47°C, was found to be 0.5 × 105M−1, having stoichiometry of 1:1. At 27°C, the van't Hoff enthalpy ΔH° was zero; ΔS° and ΔG° were found to be 21.4 cal mol−1 K−1 and −6.42 kcal mol−1. The binding constant increased with the increase of ionic strength from 0.1 to 1.0M of sodium chloride. The decrease of Stern–Volmer constant with increase of temperature suggested that the fluorescence quenching is static. Piperine fluorescence showed a blue shift upon binding to serum albumin, which reverted with the addition of ligands —triiodobenzoic acid and hemin. The distance between piperine and tryptophan after binding was found to be 2.79 nm by Förster type resonance energy transfer calculations. The steady state and time resolved fluorescence measurements suggest the binding of piperine to the subdomain IB of serum albumin. These observations are significant in understanding the transport of piperine in blood under physiological conditions. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 86: 265–275, 2007.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Young people's perceptions and experiences of leaving high school early: an exploration
Authors: Lee Trish , Breen Lauren 
Published: April 2007

AbstractResearch suggests it is important for students to feel a sense of belonging to their school. Students who do not belong at school often attempt to satisfy this need through membership in antisocial groups, or they drop out from school altogether. The current study explored the perceptions and experiences of the school context held by young people who have left school early. Twelve young people aged 16–19 years were interviewed on their experiences of school and their wellbeing as a result of leaving school early. Constructionist grounded theory methodology formed the basis of the data analysis. The early leaving process was identified as having three phases; exclusion from school, the transition into workforce and the ‘now’ phase. The results identified factors in the school context that contributed to early student withdrawal. Furthermore, the research has implications for creating a ‘normative narrative’ (Rappaport, 2000) in relation to early school leavers. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Genomic Screening Approach to the Structure‐Guided Identification of Drug Candidates from Natural Sources
Authors: Hornung Andreas , Bertazzo Marcelo , Dziarnowski Agnieszka , Schneider Kathrin , Welzel Katrin , Wohlert Sven‐Eric , Holzenkämpfer Meike , Nicholson Graeme J. , Bechthold Andreas , Süssmuth Roderich D. , Vente Andreas , Pelzer Stefan 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe potential of actinomycetes to produce natural products has been exploited for decades. Recent genomic sequence analyses have revealed a previously unrecognized biosynthetic potential and diversity. In order to rationally exploit this potential, we have developed a sequence‐guided genetic screening strategy. In this “genome mining” approach, genes that encode tailoring enzymes from natural product biosyntheses pathways serve as indicator genes for the identification of strains that have the genetic potential to produce natural products of interest. We chose halogenases, which are known to be involved in the synthesis of halometabolites as representative examples. From PCR screening of 550 randomly selected actinomycetes strains, we identified 103 novel putative halogenase genes. A phylogenetic analysis of the corresponding putative halogenases, and the determination of their sequential context with mass spectrometric analysis of cultures filtrates revealed a distinct correlation between the sequence and secondary metabolite class of the halometabolite. The described screening strategy allows rapid access to novel natural products with predetermined structural properties.
SorF: A Glycosyltransferase With Promiscuous Donor Substrate Specificity in vitro
Authors: Kopp Maren , Rupprath Carsten , Irschik Herbert , Bechthold Andreas , Elling Lothar , Müller Rolf 
Published: April 2007

AbstractGlycosylations are well‐established steps in numerous biosynthetic pathways, and the attached sugar moieties often influence the specificity or pharmacology of the modified compounds. The sorangicins belong to the polyketide family of natural products, and exhibit antibiotic activity through inhibition of bacterial RNA polymerase. We have identified the sorangicin biosynthetic gene cluster in the producing myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum So ce12. Within the cluster, sorF encodes a putative glycosyltransferase. To determine its function in sorangicin biosynthesis, SorF was heterologously expressed as a fusion protein in Escherichia coli. After purification by affinity chromatography, SorF was found to glucosylate sorangicin A in vitro, utilizing UDP‐α‐D‐glucose as the natural donor substrate. Additionally, SorF showed high flexibility towards further UDP‐ and dTDP‐sugars and was able to transfer several other sugar moieties—α‐D‐galactose, α‐D‐xylose, β‐L‐rhamnose, and 6‐deoxy‐4‐keto‐α‐D‐glucose—onto the aglycon. SorF is therefore one of the rare glycosyltransferases able to transfer both D‐ and L‐sugars, and could thus be used to generate novel sorangiosides.
A Comparison of Phosphaferrocene and Phospharuthenocene Ligands in Rh+‐Catalysed Enamide Hydrogenation Reactions: Superior Performance of the Phospharuthenocene
Authors: Carmichael Duncan , Goldet Gabrielle , Klankermayer Jürgen , Ricard Louis , Seeboth Nicolas , Stankevič Marek 
Published: April 2007

AbstractEnantiopure Cp*‐substituted 3,4‐dimethyl‐5‐phenylphosphametallocene‐2‐methanols (M=Fe, Ru) have been prepared from the corresponding 2‐carboxy‐(−)‐menthylphospholide anion and elaborated into 2‐CH2PPh2 phosphametallocenes (13: M=Fe; 14: M=Ru) and 2‐CH2PtBuR substituted phospharuthenocenes (R=tBu, Me). The crystal structures of complexes [Rh(1,5‐cod)(η2‐L)]+BF4− (L=13, 14) reveal significantly different aryl group configurations. Comparative studies of the hydrogenation of para‐substituted N‐acetylcinnamate esters with these pre‐catalysts show a superior performance for the phospharuthenocene derivative in terms of both rate and enantioselectivity.
Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Organic–Inorganic Nanohybrid “Cerasome” Formed with a Liposomal Membrane and Silicate Surface
Authors: Katagiri Kiyofumi , Hashizume Mineo , Ariga Katsuhiko , Terashima Takashi , Kikuchi Jun‐ichi 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA novel class of organic–inorganic hybrids, the so‐called cerasomes, which have a bilayer vesicular structure and a silicate surface, has been synthesized by combination of sol–gel reaction and self‐assembly of organoalkoxysilanes with a molecular structure analogous to lipids. We have synthesized two cerasome‐forming organoalkoxysilanes, N‐[N‐(3‐triethoxysilyl)propylsuccinamoyl]dihexadecylamine (1) and N,N‐dihexadecyl‐N α‐[6‐[(3‐triethoxysilyl)propyldimethylammonio]hexanoyl]glycinamide bromide (2), and investigated the synthetic conditions of the cerasomes and their structural characteristics. For the proamphiphilic 1, the cerasome was obtained under restricted pH conditions where acid‐catalyzed hydrolysis of the triethoxysilyl moiety proceeded without disturbing the vesicle formation. In contrast, the amphiphilic 2, additionally having a hydrophilic quaternary ammonium group, formed stable dispersions of the cerasome in a wide pH range. The hydrolysis behavior of the triethoxysilyl groups was monitored by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Morphology of the cerasomes having the liposomal vesicular structure was confirmed by TEM observations. Extent of the development of siloxane networks through condensation among the silanol groups on the cerasome surface was evaluated by using MALDI‐TOF‐MS spectrometry. Formation of oligomers of the cerasome‐forming lipids in the vesicle was clearly confirmed. Due to the siloxane network formation, the cerasome showed remarkably high morphological stability compared with a reference liposome, as evaluated by surfactant dissolution measurements.
Validation and comparison of contemporary prognostic models in primary myelofibrosis
Authors: Tefferi Ayalew , Huang Jocelin , Schwager Susan , Li Chin‐Yang , Wu Wenting , Pardanani Animesh , Mesa Ruben A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Survival in primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is predicted by several prognostic scoring systems (PSSs); the most widely recognized is that of Dupriez. Two other PSSs, Cervantes and Mayo, were recently reported as being more useful in younger patients. The current study compares these 3 PSSs among all age groups.METHODS.The Mayo Clinic PMF database was queried to identify a consecutive series of patients in whom pretreatment bone marrow and complete blood count (CBC), obtained within 6 months of diagnosis, were available for review.RESULTS.Among 334 study patients (median age, 57 years), median survival was 70 months. Multivariable analysis of all 6 adverse prognostic factors utilized in the aforementioned PSSs (ie, hemoglobin <10 g/dL, leukocyte count <4 or >30 × 109/L, constitutional symptoms, circulating blasts ≥1%, platelet count <100 × 109/L, absolute monocyte count ≥1 × 109/L) identified all but platelet count as being significant. The Mayo PSS, which is based on the 4 CBC‐derived parameters (ie, hemoglobin, platelet, leukocyte, and monocyte counts), displayed a better hazard ratio profile compared with the other 2 PSSs in identifying long‐lived patients as well as delineating intermediate‐risk disease category. The latter effect was even more pronounced in patients younger than age 60 years.CONCLUSIONS.The Mayo PSS for survival in PMF is an objective CBC‐derived prognostic model that might be superior in its performance over that of either the Dupriez and Cervantes PSSs. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Proportion of long‐term event‐free survivors and lifetime of adult patients not cured after a standard acute lymphoblastic leukemia therapeutic program
Authors: Le Quoc‐Hung , Thomas Xavier , Ecochard Reneé , Iwaz Jean , Lheéritier Veéronique , Michallet Mauricette , Fiere Denis 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.In adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia, treatment results generally are expressed in terms of overall survival or disease‐free survival at 3 years. In this investigation, the authors attempted to express the results in terms of the proportion of long‐term disease‐free survivors and in terms of lifetime in patients who developed recurrent disease or died.METHODS.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the influence of different covariates on the 2 result criteria in 922 participants in the Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia‐94 multicenter trial.RESULTS.The proportion of long‐term survivors was 21.5% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 18.1–25.4%) and was higher in women than in men. The proportion decreased with increasing age, white blood cell count, and lactate dehydrogenase level. The lowest proportion was observed in patients ages 44 years to 55 years (11.4%; 95% CI, 7–17.9%) and in patients with the t(9;22) BCR‐ABL karyotype (13.4%; 95% CI, 8.8–19.8%), and the highest proportion was observed in patients with the t(4;11) MLL‐AF4 karyotype (31.3%; 95% CI, 18.2–48.3%). The mean expected lifetime of patients who were not cured was 11.4 months (95% CI, 9.1–14.1 months). It was longer in men than in women and was shorter with increasing age, performance status, hemoglobin level, and white blood cell count.CONCLUSIONS.The results of this study highlighted and specified the importance of some classic prognostic factors in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Epigenetic combination therapy as a tumor‐selective treatment approach for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Venturelli Sascha , Armeanu Sorin , Pathil Anita , Hsieh Chih‐Jen , Weiss Thomas S. , Vonthein Reinhard , Wehrmann Manfred , Gregor Michael , Lauer Ulrich M. , Bitzer Michael 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Innovative epigenetic therapeutics comprise histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDAC‐I) and demethylating agents (DA). It was recently found that HDAC‐I compounds exhibit profound therapeutic activities against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A comprehensive preclinical investigation was performed on the potential of a combined HDAC‐I/DA epigenetic regimen for the highly chemotherapy‐resistant HCC entity.METHODS.Human HCC‐derived cell lines or primary human hepatocytes (PHH) were treated with HDAC‐I compound suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) or DA compound 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine (5‐aza‐dC) or both and examined for cellular damage, proliferation, histone acetylation pattern, and DNA methylation. In vivo activities were investigated in a xenograft hepatoma model.RESULTS.Monotherapeutic application of SAHA or 5‐aza‐dC was found to induce substantial antiproliferative effects in HCC‐derived cells, strongly enhanced by combined SAHA and 5‐aza‐dC treatment. PHH from different human donors did not exhibit any relevant cellular damage even when applying high doses of the combination regimen, whereas HCC‐derived cell lines showed a dose‐dependent damage. In vivo testing demonstrated a statistical significant inhibition of hepatoma cell growth for the combined treatment regime.CONCLUSIONS.Because the combined HDAC‐I/DA epigenetic approach was found to produce significant antitumor effects in HCC model systems and did not impair cellular integrity of untransformed hepatocytes, this combination therapy is now considered for further investigation in clinical trials. Cancer 2007;109:2132–41. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Towards building a conflict‐free mobile distributed file system
Authors: Boukerche Azzedine , Al‐Shaikh Raed A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe rising demand for mobile computing has created a need for an improved file system that supports mobile clients. Current file systems with support for mobility provide availability through file replicas that are cached at the client side. However, mobile clients may experience different obstacles with regards to the local cache, such as the limited network bandwidth, the intermittent connection, and serious conflicts when synchronizing back to the server. In this paper, we propose a novel mobile distributed file system design, which provides high availability and reliable storage for files and guarantees that file operations are executed regardless of concurrency and failure issues. The design is intended to fit mobile clients (e.g. PDAs and cell phones) that have limited storage space and cannot store all of the data they need, and yet require access to these data at all times. We adopt a server‐side caching in order to guarantee sufficient caching space to all mobile clients, and to ensure the availability of files in the case of clients' failures. We present our algorithm, describe its implementation, simulate its high availability functions, and report on its performance evaluation using a cluster of workstations. Our simulation results indicate clearly that our algorithm exhibits a significant degree of automation and conflict‐free mobile file system. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.