bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antiurolithiatic effects of Cassia fistula Lin. fruit extracts on ethylene glycol‐induced nephrolithiasis in rats
Authors: Partovi Nasrin , Fatemi S. Jamilaldin , Ebadzadeh Mohammad Reza 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUrinary stones are a growing disease that results from pathological biomineralization. Cassia fistula Lin. is traditionally used to treat urinary stones. However, no scientific evidence is available to prove its antilithiatic effect. This study evaluates the antilithiatic potential of aqueous and ethanolic extract of Cassia fistula Lin. fruit (Cff) against calcium oxalate kidney stones. Forty‐two male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups (n = 6/group): Group I (control), Group II (rats treated with ethylene glycol and ammonium chloride developed nephrolithiasis after 28 days), Group III (lithiatic rats receiving distilled water for 30 days), Group IV and V (lithiatic rats receiving aqueous extract of Cff at doses of 1 and 100 mg/kg body weight for 30 days, respectively) and Group VI and VII (lithiatic rats receiving ethanolic extract of Cff at doses of 1 and 100 mg/kg body weight for 30 days, respectively). Some parameters of urine and serum, and also renal oxidative stress and histopathology were used to determine the antilithiatic effect of aqueous and ethanolic extract of Cff. Therefore, the types of extracts of Cff improved abnormal levels of urine, serum, and renal oxidative stress and histopathology parameters. This antilithiatic effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Cff, can be attributed to the anti‐crystallization and antioxidant properties of the extracts and the ability to improve urine and serum biochemistry.Research Highlights
Ethylene glycol and ammonium chloride‐induced urolithiasis, aggregation of calcium oxalate deposits, increase of some urinary and serum parameters, relative kidney weight, kidney size and MDA activity, decrease of some urinary parameters, relative body weight and SOD activity.
Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Cassia fistula Lin. lead to the treatment of urolithic rats by decreasing levels of urinary oxalate, phosphate, urea, serum urea, uric acid, creatinine, calcium, phosphate, MDA, kidney weight and kidney size, increasing levels of urinary calcium, creatinine, magnesium, citrate, body weight and SOD activity in the kidney, eliminating CaOx deposition (esp. ethanolic extract).
Repair of chronic and large rotator cuff tears using extra‐synovial autografts: An experimental study in rabbits
Authors: Pinto Iosafat , Kostretzis Lazaros , Katakalos Konstantinos , Kazakos George , Cheva Angeliki , Chatzisotiriou Athanasios , Papadopoulos Pericles , Ditsios Konstantinos 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeTo investigate whether and how extra‐synovial autografts can enhance the reconstruction of chronic and large rotator cuff tears in a rabbit subscapularis model.MethodsTwenty rabbits were used to create a large subscapularis tear bilaterally. Six weeks later, the right shoulder of each rabbit was operated to repair the tear with an extra‐synovial autograft, whereas the left shoulder did not undergo any surgery. At 6 and 12 weeks after the second procedure, the specimens underwent biomechanical and histological evaluation. Six more rabbits were used only as a normal reference.ResultsBiomechanical evaluation demonstrated that the ultimate load to failure of the Graft group (184.1 ± 35.7 N) was significantly higher (p = 0.04) than that of the Defect group (144.5 ± 32.2 N) at 12 weeks after repair, rising to 76% of the normal subscapularis tendon tensile strength. Histological analysis revealed an enhanced healing environment with neoangiogenesis and decreased inflammatory response at the repair site. Moreover, the tendon maturing score of the Graft group increased substantially from 6 (15.8 ± 0.9) to 12 (23.1 ± 0.6) weeks after repair (p = 0.01).ConclusionIn vivo data support the efficacy of extra‐synovial autograft interposition in repairing chronic and large rotator cuff tears in a rabbit subscapularis model. The autografts were capable of enhancing the biomechanical properties of the repaired tendons, as evidenced by increased tensile strength, and forming new connective tissue simulating a fibrocartilage zone, as revealed by histological evaluation.Level of EvidenceN/A.
Inclusion near and far: A qualitative investigation of inclusive organizational behavior across work modalities and social identities
Authors: Dhanani Lindsay Y. , Sultan Mohsin , Pham Carolyn T. , Mikami Keisuke , Charles Daniel Ryan , Crandell Hannah A. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryThough there are clear benefits of being included at work, important questions about employees' views and experiences of workplace inclusion remain unanswered. First, scholars have tended to adopt a one‐size‐fits‐all approach that assumes that inclusion is viewed and experienced similarly by all employees, regardless of their social identities. Moreover, there have been rapid shifts in work modalities over the last few years, and it is currently unclear how modality impacts inclusion and if that impact is similar across all employees. To address these questions, we leveraged qualitative data from a demographically diverse sample to examine how employees define workplace inclusion, what practices and behaviors employees associate with feeling included, how social identities shape definitions and experiences of inclusion, and the modalities in which employees feel the most included. Results indicated that employees primarily define workplace inclusion as being accepted and treated equally regardless of their identities, being integrated into decision‐making, and expressing themselves authentically. Though employees defined inclusion similarly regardless of their social identities, the importance of specific inclusion practices differed across subgroups. Finally, employees felt more included when working in person, though minoritized employees were more likely to prefer remote work. Theoretical and practical implications regarding inclusion are discussed.
Anti‐allergic effect of vitamin C through inhibiting degranulation and regulating TH1/TH2 cell polarization
Authors: Li Qian , Tang Xinlei , Huang Lu , Wang Tao , Huang Yutong , Jiang Songsong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDFood allergy has become a global public health problem. This study aimed to explore the possible anti‐allergic effect of vitamin C (VC). A rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)‐2H3 cell degranulation model was used to assess the effect of VC on degranulation in vitro, and an ovalbumin (OVA)‐induced BALB/c mouse allergy model was used to assess the anti‐allergy effect of VC in vivo.RESULTSIn vitro, VC significantly attenuated the release of β‐hexosaminidase, tryptase and histamine, and also reduced cytokine production (interleukins 4 and 6, tumor necrosis factor α) significantly (P < 0.05), with the inhibitory effect demonstrating a positive correlation with VC dose. In vivo, compared with the OVA group, the levels of serum immunoglobulins E and G1 of the VC low‐dose (VCL) group (50 mg kg−1) and high‐dose (VCH) group (200 mg·kg−1) were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the plasma histamine level was also significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Moreover, TH2 cell polarization in mice of the VCL and VCH groups was significantly inhibited (P < 0.05), promoting the TH1/TH2 cell polarization balance. Additionally, VC treatment enhanced the expression of CD80 (P < 0.05) in spleen and small intestine tissues, while significantly inhibiting the expression of CD86 (P < 0.05); notably, high‐dose VC treatment was more effective.CONCLUSIONVC exerted an anti‐allergic effect through inhibiting degranulation and regulating TH1/TH2 cell polarization balance. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Risk of tibial baseplate loosening is low in patients following unrestricted kinematic alignment total knee arthroplasty using a cruciate‐retaining medial conforming insert: A study using radiostereometric analysis at 2 years
Authors: Niesen Abigail E. , Tirumalai Pranav A. , Howell Stephen M. , Hull Maury L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeAssessing the risk of tibial baseplate loosening in patients after unrestricted kinematically aligned (unKA) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using a medially conforming insert is important because baseplates generally are aligned in varus which has been linked to an increased incidence of aseptic loosening following mechanically aligned TKA. Two limits that indicate long‐term stability in patients are a change in maximum total point motion between 1 and 2 years (ΔMTPM) < 0.2 mm and anterior tilt at 2 years < 0.8°. The purposes were to determine: (1) the number of patients with ΔMTPM > 0.2 mm, (2) the number of patients with anterior tilt > 0.8° and (3) whether increased varus baseplate and limb alignment were associated with increased migration.MethodsThirty‐five patients underwent cemented, caliper‐verified, unKA TKA using a medially conforming tibial insert with posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) retention. Biplanar radiographs acquired on the day of surgery and at 1.5, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months were processed with model‐based radiostereometric analysis (RSA) software to determine migration and the number of patients with migration above the two stability limits. Medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), hip‐knee‐ankle angle (HKAA) and posterior slope angle (PSA) were analyzed for an association with migration in six degrees of freedom and in MTPM.ResultsThirty‐two of 35 patients were available for analysis at 2 years. One patient exhibited ΔMTPM > 0.2 mm. The same patient exhibited anterior tilt > 0.8°. Varus rotation (p = 0.048, r ≤ 0.34) and medial translation (p = 0.0273, r ≤ 0.29) increased with increased varus baseplate alignment.ConclusionThe results indicate low risk of long‐term baseplate loosening in patients. Although varus rotation and medial translation increased with increased varus baseplate alignment, the magnitudes of the migrations were minimal and did not increase ΔMTPM and anterior tilt.Level of EvidenceLevel II, therapeutic prospective cohort study.
Long‐term conservation practice in litchi (Litchi chinensis L.) cultivation improves the crop productivity and soil health of degraded lands
Authors: Rathore Avinash Chandra , Singh Charan , Islam Sadikul , Gupta Anand Kumar , Patra Sridhar , Singhal Vibha , Jinger Dinesh , Sharma Gulshan Kumar , Kadam Darshan , Kar Saswat Kumar , Chavan S. B. , Madhu M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA long‐term experiment (1995–2021) was conducted on litchi (Litchi chinensis L.) with and without conservation practices, that is, litchi under clean cultivation (LCC) (recommended doses of fertilizers without intercrops and mulch) and litchi with conservation practice (LCP) (micro‐site improvement, intercrops, and organic mulching) on degraded lands. The study aimed to evaluate the long‐term impact of litchi‐based land uses on vegetative growth (plant height, canopy volume, fruit yield, and litter production), soil moisture, biomass production, carbon stocks (CS), and soil qualities (enzyme activities, microbial counts, and soil fertility). The results revealed that LCP improved vegetative growth, yields, and soil moisture over LCC. The total dry biomass was observed 91.6–103.9, stored CS; 43.6–49.4, emitted CS; 7.04–9.40, mitigated CS; 30.1–30.5, soil CS; 35.7–39.9, total CS (soil + vegetation); 65.9–70.5 Mg ha−1 and carbon dioxide mitigation; 88.3–112.1 Mg ha−1 in LCC and LCP land uses, respectively. Further, in LCP, beta‐glucosidase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and dehydrogenase activities increased by 17.2%, 20.4%, 19.8%, and 24.8%, respectively, in surface soil compared with LCC in 2021. Likewise, the microbial density of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes was also observed to be 20.2%, 41.4%, and 19.5% higher, respectively, in LCP land use in 2021 over 2015. Similarly, available N, P, and K increased by 19.9%, 75.3%, and 36.8% under LCP from 1997 to 2021. Hence, litchi‐based land use with conservation practices can be advocated to rehabilitate and improve the soil health of degraded lands and enhance ecosystem services in similar edaphoclimatic conditions.
On the zero set of the holomorphic sectional curvature
Authors: Chen Yongchang , Heier Gordon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA notable example due to Heier, Lu, Wong, and Zheng shows that there exist compact complex Kähler manifolds with ample canonical line bundle such that the holomorphic sectional curvature is negative semi‐definite and vanishes along high‐dimensional linear subspaces in every tangent space. The main result of this note is an upper bound for the dimensions of these subspaces. Due to the holomorphic sectional curvature being a real‐valued bihomogeneous polynomial of bidegree (2,2) on every tangent space, the proof is based on making a connection with the work of D'Angelo on complex subvarieties of real algebraic varieties and the decomposition of polynomials into differences of squares. Our bound involves an invariant that we call the holomorphic sectional curvature square decomposition length, and our arguments work as long as the holomorphic sectional curvature is semi‐definite, be it negative or positive.
Metabolomic analysis of plasma biomarkers in children with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Liu Jun , Tan Yuhua , Zhang Fan , Wang Yan , Chen Shu , Zhang Na , Dai Wenjie , Zhou Liqing , Li Ji‐Cheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents a significant risk to human well‐being and has emerged as a worldwide public health concern. Twenty‐eight children with ASD and 33 healthy children (HC) were selected for the quantitative determination of their plasma metabolites using an ultraperformance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) platform. A total of 1997 metabolites were detected in the study cohort, from which 116 metabolites were found to be differentially expressed between the ASD and HC groups. Through analytical algorithms such as least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF), three potential metabolic markers were identified as FAHFA (18:1(9Z)/9‐O‐18:0), DL‐2‐hydroxystearic acid, and 7(S),17(S)‐dihydroxy‐8(E),10(Z),13(Z),15(E),19(Z)‐docosapentaenoic acid. These metabolites demonstrated superior performance in distinguishing the ASD group from the HC group, as indicated by the area under curves (AUCs) of 0.935, 0.897, and 0.963 for the three candidate biomarkers, respectively. The samples were divided into training and validation sets according to 7:3. Diagnostic models were constructed using logistic regression (LR), SVM, and RF. The constructed three‐biomarker diagnostic model also exhibited strong discriminatory efficacy. These findings contribute to advancing our understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in the occurrence of ASD and provide a valuable reference for clinical diagnosis.
Contract manufacturer encroachment via the customer‐to‐manufacturer strategy under different platform selling modes
Authors: Qiu Huaqing , Ren Xuejie , Zhao Lindu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper considers an outsourced supply chain comprising a contract manufacturer (CM), an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and an online platform. In addition to providing contract manufacturing services to the OEM, the CM enters the market using the customer‐to‐manufacturer (C2M) strategy. Two baseline models and four encroachment models with different selling modes are modeled to explore the interaction among CM encroachment, selling modes and the C2M strategy. We find that the CM will always encroach if brand substitution is sufficiently high. However, the CM will still encroach despite brand substitution being low if the platform charges the OEM a high commission rate in Scenario PR. The results also show that the CM may increase or decrease the wholesale price charged to the OEM according to his dependence on the OEM channel and direct channel. Finally, we find that after CM encroachment, the OEM is worse off, while the platform may be better or worse off. The profits of the CM, OEM, and platform decrease if customers are more concerned about production flexibility. Our work provides guidance for CM encroachment from the perspective of channel choice and product strategy and offers managerial insights into C2M practice.
Persistence of Basal Ganglia Oscillatory Activity During Tremor Attenuation by Movement in Parkinson's Disease Patients
Authors: Wilken Miguel , Andres Daniela S. , Bianchi Gianfranco , Hallett Mark , Merello Marcelo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundOne of the characteristics of parkinsonian tremor is that its amplitude decreases with movement. Current models suggest an interaction between basal ganglia (BG) and cerebello‐thalamo‐cortical circuits in parkinsonian tremor pathophysiology.ObjectiveWe aimed to correlate central oscillation in the BG with electromyographic activity during re‐emergent tremor in order to detect changes in BG oscillatory activity when tremor is attenuated by movement.MethodsWe performed a prospective, observational study on consecutive parkinsonian patients who underwent deep brain stimulation surgery and presented re‐emergent tremor. Coherence analysis between subthalamic nucleus/globus pallidus internus (STN/GPi) tremorous activity measured by microrecording (MER) and electromyogram (EMG) from flexor and extensor wrist muscles during rest, posture, and re‐emergent tremor pause was performed during surgery. The statistical significance level of the MER‐EMG coherence was determined using surrogate data analysis, and the directionality of information transfer between BG and muscle was performed using entropy transfer analysis.ResultsWe analyzed 148 MERs with tremor‐like activity from 6 patients which were evaluated against the simultaneous EMGs, resulting in 296 correlations. Of these, 26 presented a significant level of coherence at tremor frequency, throughout rest and posture, with a complete EMG stop in between. During the pause, all recordings showed sustained MER peaks at tremor frequency (±1.5 Hz). Information flows preferentially from BG to muscle during rest and posture, with a loss of directionality during the pause.ConclusionsOur results suggest that oscillatory activity in STN/GPi functionally linked to tremor sustains firing frequency during re‐emergent tremor pause, thus suggesting no direct role of the BG circuit on tremor attenuation due to voluntary movements. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Comparison of a coupling system and the suture method in end‐to‐side microvascular anastomosis in head and neck reconstruction
Authors: Kim Seong Ae , Kim Junnyeon , Lee Chae Rim , Oh Deuk Young , Jun Young‐joon , Moon Suk‐Ho 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundUse of coupling devices in microvascular anastomosis continues to increase, but it is not yet actively used in end‐to‐side (ETS) anastomosis because there is no standard method. Therefore, we propose an easy and time‐saving ETS micro‐anastomosis method using coupling devices in head and neck reconstruction and compare it with the conventional suture method.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 30 consecutive cases (43 anastomoses) of ETS anastomosis in head and neck reconstruction from 2018 to 2022. Patient characteristics, operative details, and anastomosis time were evaluated. When using the coupling device, a cross incision was created in the recipient vessel to form vascular flaps. By pulling the flaps out of the ring, the intact vessel lining was fixed. Other procedures were the same as for a traditional anastomosis.ResultsThe mean anastomosis time was 12.81 min (range, 6.7–24.87) for the suture and 4.96 min (range, 2.02–9.4) for the coupling device, a statistically significant difference (p‐value <.00005). There was no venous insufficiency or flap failure with either method.ConclusionsETS venous anastomosis using the coupling device is an easy‐to‐use, safe, and timesaving procedure for head and neck reconstruction.
Non‐auto Darboux transformation for N‐soliton solutions of the non‐isospectral Korteweg–de Vries hierarchy
Authors: Liu Xing‐yu , Lu Bin‐he , Zhang Da‐jun 
Published: February 2024

The usual non‐isospectral Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) hierarchy (see Equation 4) does not have auto Darboux transformations. In this paper, we present a non‐auto Darboux transformation for this hierarchy, from which we are able to construct its
‐soliton solutions. An explicit formula of the solutions with zero background is given, and solutions are illustrated.
Congenital Cytomegalovirus Testing Outcomes From the ValEAR Trial
Authors: Orb Quinn T. , Pesch Megan , Allen Chelsea M. , Wilkes Ashlea , Ahmad Iram , Alfonso Kristan , Antonio Stephanie Moody , Mithal Leena Bhattacharya , Brinkmeier Jennifer V. , Carvalho Daniela , Chan Dylan , Cheng Alan G. , Chi David , Cohen Michael , Discolo Christopher Michael , Duran Carlos , Germiller John , Gibson Laura , Grunstein Eli , Harrison Gail , Lee Kenneth , Hawley Karen , Kohlhoff Stephan , Melvin Ann , MacArthur Carol , Nassar Michel , Neff Laura , Pecha Phayvanh , Salvatore Christine , Schoem Scott , Virgin Frank , Saunders James , Schleiss Mark , Smith Richard J. H. , Sood Sunil , Park Albert H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the positivity rate of congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) testing among universal, hearing‐targeted CMV testing (HT‐cCMV) and delayed targeted dried blood spot (DBS) testing newborn screening programs, and to examine the characteristics of successful HT‐cCMV testing programs.Study DesignProspective survey of birth hospitals performing early CMV testing.SettingMultiple institutions.MethodsBirth hospitals participating in the National Institutes of Health ValEAR clinical trial were surveyed to determine the rates of cCMV positivity associated with 3 different testing approaches: universal testing, HT‐cCMV, and DBS testing. A mixed methods model was created to determine associations between successful HT‐cCMV screening and specific screening protocols.ResultsEighty‐two birth hospitals were surveyed from February 2019 to December 2021. Seven thousand six hundred seventy infants underwent universal screening, 9017 infants HT‐cCMV and 535 infants delayed DBS testing. The rates of cCMV positivity were 0.5%, 1.5%, and 7.3%, respectively. The positivity rate for universal CMV screening was less during the COVID‐19 pandemic than that reported prior to the pandemic. There were no statistically significant drops in positivity for any approach during the pandemic. For HT‐cCMV testing, unique order sets and rigorous posttesting protocols were associated with successful screening programs.ConclusionRates of cCMV positivity differed among the 3 approaches. The rates are comparable to cohort studies reported in the literature. Universal CMV prevalence decreased during the pandemic but not significantly. Institutions with specific order set for CMV testing where the primary care physician orders the test and the nurse facilitates the testing process exhibited higher rates of HT‐cCMV testing.