bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yielding ability, yield stability, and quality of exotic durum wheat germplasm in Sicily
Authors: Boggini G. , Doust M. A. , Annicchiarico P. , Pecetti2 L. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractA set of 20 accessions of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L., durum group), which mostly included exotic landraces from various Mediterranean countries, and four Italian improved varieties were evaluated for grain yield in five environments and for quality traits in two environments of Sicily. Glutenin composition was also assessed electro‐phoretically on six seeds per entry. The cultivars differed (P ≤ 0.01) for yield, protein content and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS‐sed) sedimentation volume, in the presence of significant (P ≥ 0.001) genotype‐environment interaction effects. These effects were large for yield and moderately large for protein content relative to genotype main effects following estimation of variance components. Most exotic cultivars yielded comparably with, and some of them showed greater stability than, the best yielding Italian variety 'Simeto. Some exotic cultivars combined outstanding yield, protein content and SDS‐sedimentation values and represent therefore extremely valuable germplasm sources to broaden the local genetic base. The glutenin composition LMW‐2 and HMW 7 + 8 was positively associated with gluten quality. Six entries showed heterogeneous electrophoretic patterns, suggesting the presence of different genotypes within the cultivar.
Wide mapping of a T‐DNA insertion site in oilseed rape using bulk segregant analysis and comparative mapping
Authors: Barancer A. , Delourme R. , Foisset N. , Eber F. , Barret P. , Dupuis P. , Renard M. , Chevre A. M. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractDoubled haploid oilseed rape lines segregating for a transgene inducing herbicide resistance (bar gene) were investigated for the wide mapping of the T‐DNA insertion site. Bulk segregant analysis using presence/absence and intensity polymorphisms between the bulks, as well as comparative mapping with a linkage group deriving from another cross, led to the identification of 11 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers tightly or loosely linked to the bar gene. Ten RAPD loci out of 11 were located on the same side of the bar locus, strongly suggesting that the T‐DNA integrated in a telomeric or subtelomeric position. The eleventh RAPD marker exhibited a strong segregation distortion, which could be the result of a heteroduplex formation. Comparison of the linkage groups obtained from the two crosses showed different recombination rates between markers, possibly reflecting differences in parental genetic backgrounds. Consequences and potential applications in transgene dispersal safety assessment studies are discussed.
Genetic diagnosis of Rehmannia species micropropagated by tip tissue culture and an F1 hybrid by RAPD analysis
Authors: Hatano M. , Nakai R. , Kawanishi2 F. , Kedo2 K. , Shoyama1 Y. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractShoot formation was induced from the tip tissue of Rehmannia glutinosa f. hueichingensis on hormone‐free Murashige‐Skoog medium within 4 weeks of culture. Shoots were propagated on Murashige‐Skoog medium supplemented with l.0mg/l benzy0ladenine for 4 weeks. Propagated shoots rooted on the hormone‐free Murashige‐Skoog medium during 4 weeks of culture. Total DNA was extracted from the leaves of a F1 hybrid and its parents. R. glulinosa f. huekliingensis and R. glutinosa var, purpurea. Analysis of random‐amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) using 10 arbitrary oligonucleotide 10‐mers. showed the genetic homogeneity ofthe above three species. The F1 hybrid was genetically intermediate between both parental plants, compared with the genetic distance between the F1 hybrid and individual parents. Furthermore, the comparison of the band patterns between the F1 hybrid, obtained from the crossing clearly showed that parts of the bands of both parents. R. glutinosa f. hueichingensis and R. glutinosa var. purpurea, were introduced into the F1 hybrid.
Genetic analysis of fertility restoration against photoperiod‐sensitive cytoplasmic male sterility in Triticum aestivum cv. Norin 61
Authors: Murai K. 
Published: April 2006

Abstract Triticum aestivum cv. Norin 26 with the Aegilops crassa cytoplasm becomes almost completely male sterile when grown under a long‐day condition (15 h of light or longer), but is highly male fertile under a short‐day condition (14.5h or less). This type of male sterility is called photoperiod‐sensitive cytoplasmic male sterility (PCMS). Genetic analyses were made of the fertility‐restoring (Rf) genes effective against PCMS that are present in T. aestivum cv. Norin 61. Conventional and monosomic studies indicated that restoration of fertility is controlled by multiple Rf genes located on at least four chromosomes: 4 A, 1D, 3D and 5D. The genetic mechanism of fertility restoration by the genes of‘Norin 61’differs from the mechanisms reported for‘Chinese Spring’and a‘Norin 26’mutant line.
Potential use of doubled haploid lines for the screening of resistance to yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis) in hexaploid wheat
Authors: Moieni A. , Vallavieille‐pope C.de , Sarrafi A. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractDoubled haploid lines derived from anther culture of two Iranian spring wheat genotypes‘Ghods’susceptible and‘9106’resistant to yellow rust in Iranian field conditions, and their F1 hybrids were used in this study. Seedlings of 36 doubled haploid lines, selected out of 96 according to their agronomic traits and the two parental genotypes were inoculated with eight races of yellow rust. The parental genotypes (‘Ghods’and‘9106’) were segregating for some of the races but their doubled haploid lines were either resistant or susceptible to them.‘Ghods’was susceptible to three of the races studied but three doubled haploid lines derived from it were resistant to them. Five selected doubled haploids from the‘9106’genotype and six from F1 hybrid plants were resistant to all eight races tested. After further investigations in Iranian field conditions it was found that some of these lines can be used as donor genotypes for resistance to yellow rust in wheat breeding programmes. Use of these genotypes should be possible if the French yellow rust races used for selection also represent the dominant races in Iran. It can be concluded that anther culture provides an efficient method for fixing genes of resistance to yellow rust and desirable doubled haploids from F1 plants can be derived.
Novel gene for adult plant resistance to Puccinia recondita in the wheat cultivar‘Arjun’
Authors: Sawhney R.N. , Sharma J.B. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractInheritance of resistance in the wheat cultivar‘Arjun’(HD 2009) against leaf rust pathotype 77–1 revealed that its durable resistance is attributable to a novel dominant adult plant resistance (APR) gene. Lr13, another gene reported in the cultivar played no role. This new gene is established as different from Lr34, the only effective APR gene from Triticum aestivum known for durability.
Genomic constitution of a partial amphiploid OK7211542 used as a source of immunity to barley yellow dwarf virus for bread wheat
Authors: Chen Qin , Ahmad F. , Collin J. , Comeau A. , Fedak G. , St-Pierre C. A. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractA combination of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and meiotic pairing analysis of crosses between a series of 2n= 56 partial amphiploids confirmed that the alien genome of the BYDV‐immune Agro‐tricum line OK7211542 is derived from Thinopyrum ponticum and not from Thinopyrum intermedium. The evidence from meiotic pairing analysis indicated that the chromosome constitution of OK7211542 is similar to another Agrotricum line, ORRPX, which was derived from a cross of wheat and Th. ponticum, but different from other Agrotricum lines, Zhong 5 and TAF 46 which were derived from the crosses between wheat and Th. intermedium. The GISH analysis confirmed that OK7211542 contained one complete set of 14 Th. ponticum chromosomes, in which no S chromosome was present in the alien genome. GISH also detected a small alien translocation attached to one of the wheat chromosomes, a result that was consistent with the pairing data.
Inheritance of resistance to Rhynchosporium secalis in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Authors: Cséleny L. , Ordon F. , Friedt W. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe inheritance of durable resistance of selected spring barley varieties to Rhynchosporium secalis was investigated. Data from the F2 generation of a 4 × 4 diallel, without reciprocals and the F4 generation of three crosses selected out of this diallel, suggest that resistance in this sample of varieties tested is complex in inheritance. Significant additive effects were detected indicating that the resistance level of barley cultivars may be improved by the hybridisation of suitable varieties. However, the genes conferring resistance seem to be concealed by the expression of one completely dominant resistance gene in our set of varieties. These results are partly in conflict with previous results on the inheritance of resistance to R. secalis in the breeder's line ‘11258/228613A’ indicating that the effectiveness of this resistance gene may be greatly influenced by the genetic background of the current population of R. secalis.
Early‐maturing dual‐purpose sorghums: Agronomic trait variation and covariation among landraces
Authors: Rattunde H. F. W. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractLandrace cultivars represent potentially valuable source material for breeding dual‐purpose (grain and stover) sorghums. To characterize the genetic variation and interrelationships for major agronomic traits among potential dual‐purpose sorghum landraces, 74 accessions, primarily from Southern Africa, the Sudan, and India, were evaluated in five environments at Patancheru, India. These environments, at 17°N with 520‐540 mm rainfall during the growing season, are representative of the major sorghum‐growing areas in India and the Sudanian Zone of Western and Central Africa. Significant genetic variation and high heritabilities (P = 0.01, h2= 0.63‐0.92) were observed for seedling vigour, grain and stover yields, growth rate and harvest index. Time to flower was correlated with stover yield (r = 0.48, P = 0.01) and an index (Iev) of total economic value (r = 0.44, P = 0.01) but not with grain yield (r = 0.22, P = 0.05). Grain and stover yields varied independently (r = 0.22, P = 0.05) and were similarly related to Iev, values (r = 0.79 and r = 0.77 (P = 0.01), respectively). The 13 landraces with the highest Iev values (adjusted for maturity) had above‐average growth rates and harvest indices that ranged from 20 to 38%. Landraces from Botswana and India were more highly represented in the high Iev set than in the full set of accessions.
Fertility and growth in the field of Lolium perenne and Festuca rubra plants regenerated from suspension cultured cells and protoplasts
Authors: Stadelmann F. J. , Boller B. , Spangenberg G. , Kölliker R. , Messerli M. , Wang Z. Y. , Nösberger J. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe effect of regeneration of Lolium perenne and Festuca rubra from embryogenic suspension cells and protoplasts on fertility and growth was evaluated. Embryogenic suspension cultures were either routinely subcultured or cryopreserved and re‐established. Phenology, morphology and fertility of regenerated plants were studied for two growing seasons in a replicated field experiment. Most regenerated L. perenne and F. rubra plants showed a delay in inflorescence emergence, a reduced seed yield and differences in morphological traits when compared with seed‐grown plants. For L. perenne, performance of plants regenerated from cryopreserved suspension cultures and protoplasts was similar to that of respective plants regenerated from routinely maintained suspension cultures. However, differences in performance were observed for respective regenerants in F. rubra. The phenotypic deviation observed was partly reflected in the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis performed. However, regenerants of both species showing similar, or even superior performance to the seed‐grown plants were also found. Embryogenic suspension cells and corresponding protoplasts of L. perenne and F. rubra have the potential for producing fertile, well‐performing plants which can be integrated in breeding programs.
Evaluation of different microsatellite motifs for analysing genetic relationships in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: Dehmer K. J. , Friedt W. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractA total of 16 different simple sequence repeat motifs and an M13 repeat sequence were used as hybridization probes in order to examine the molecular relationships between two German inbred and eight North American sunflower lines of known pedigree, and to determine the suitability of the individual short tandem repeats for genetic analyses and their occurrence in the sunflower genome.Only the oligonucleotides (ACA)6, (CAT)6, (CATA)5, (GACA)4 and (GATA)4 proved to be well suited for the generation of scorable fingerprinting patterns, while the other (microsatellite) sequences were either too abundant or too rare. Although different levels of polymorphism were present in hybridizations with the different simple sequence repeats (SSRs), a clear separation of the German material from the USDA Hnes was feasible not only by evaluating 20 probe‐enzyme combinations, but also by combining every individual probe with four different restriction enzymes. In the American material, the expected relationships could be proved with the single exception of a line that did not group in accordance with its pedigree.
An HPLC investigation of flower colour and breeding of anthocyanins in species and hybrids of Alstroemeria
Authors: Nørbæk R. , Christensen L. P. , Brandt K. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe tepals of 28 Chilean species of Alstroemeria and 183 interspecific hybrids were analysed for anthocyanin content by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The anthocyanins were identified as 3‐rutinosides of 6‐hydroxydelphinidin, 6‐hydroxyeyanidin, cyanidin, and delphinidin and 3‐glyeosides of cyanidin and delphinidin, some of which were acylated with malonic acid. Comparisons of the anthocyanin contents in parents and offspring showed that no anthocyanidin or acylation pattern was dominant, and that offspring values were close to mid‐parent values for the percentage of malonated anthocyanins, whereas the inheritance of cyanidin, 6‐hydroxycyanidin, and delphinidin seems more complicated. Flower colour, hue, and intensity were measured by CIELab in fresh tepals and compared with their anthocyanin content and the estimated flavonoid concentrations. Colour intensity was positively correlated with anthocyanin concentration. Compared with flowers containing exclusively cyanidin 3‐glycosides, the hues of flowers with delphinidin 3‐glycosides were bluer and with 6‐hydroxycyanidin 3‐glycosides redder, respectively. Both malonation of anthocyanin and co‐pigmentation with flavonoids caused a shift to bluish hues, irrespective of the anthocyanidins. By quantifying both chemical and colorimetric characteristics a model for the effect of anthocyanin on Alstroemeria flower colour was established. Breeding of new cultivars of Alstroemeria is discussed.
Location of the self‐incompatibility gene on the almond linkage map
Authors: Ballester J. , Bošković R. , Batlle I. , Arús P. , Vargas F. , de Vicente M. C. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractA progeny obtained from the almond cross ‘Ferragnès’×‘Tuono’ (Prunus amygdalus Batsch) was used to study the self‐incompatibility trait in three different ways: fruit set, pollen tube growth and stylar ribonuclease activity. As expected from the genotypes of the parents, all progeny appeared phenotypically as self‐compatible. However, the progeny could be scored for the segregation of stylar ribonuclease isozymes and thus allowed the incompatibility locus to be placed on the almond linkage map.
New C‐banding pattern for chromosome identification in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Hoshi Y. , Pląder W. , Malepszy S. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractA chromosome study of cucumber, C. sativus L., was performed using orcein and C‐banding techniques. The diploid and tetraploid plants investigated here showed the somatic chromosome numbers 2n=14 and 28, respectively. The haploid chromosome complement was composed of five metacentric and two submetacentric chromosomes. All C. sativus chromosomes had clearly visible C‐bands, and each chromosome could be identified unequivocally after C‐banding staining, with 13 C‐bands appearing in the haploid complement. The haploid complement had a 44.9% ratio of total C‐band length to total chromosome length. Chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5 and 7 had stable C‐bands. Three large, dark C‐bands appeared at the proximal regions of chromosomes 1 and 2. Chromosome I had quite a large C‐band and with a 68.4% ratio of C‐band length to short arm length. Chromosome 2 also had quite a large C‐band in the pericentromeric region with a 57.6% ratio of C‐band length to the full length of this chromosome and possessed an elongated primary constriction in early metaphase. In prometaphase, chromosome 2 showed that the long arm was completely separated from the short arm. The number of secondary constrictions could not be clearly observed because these chromosomes are small and they could not be counted in every metaphase cell. However, six chromosomes seemed to have secondary constrictions in the diploid plants. Two silver‐stained bands were observed at primary constrictions of two of the large chromosomes.
Revival of a well‐known, but ignored correction term for χ2 in linkage analysis with small samples
Authors: HÜHN M. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe ‘classical’χ2 test is routinely applied in linkage analysis. The values customarily used, however, are only approximations since continuous χ2 terms are used instead of discrete multinomial terms. This error becomes increasingly important as the sample becomes small. In this note, a well‐known correction term for improvement of this approximation is revived and numerically calculated for some interesting cases from linkage studies.
Frost resistance of ‘Chinese Spring’/‘Cheyenne’ chromosome substitution lines under short‐ and long‐day hardening conditions
Authors: Veisz O. B. , Sutka J. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractInvestigations were carried out under phytotronic conditions to study the effect of daylength on the frost resistance of a ‘Chinese Spring’/‘Cheyenne’ chromosome substitution series. The frost resistance of the 5A, 7A, 4B, 5B, 1D and 5D lines was significantly better when raised and hardened with long‐day (16 h) rather than short‐day (8h) illumination. The frost resistance‐increasing effect of daylength could be demonstrated after freezing lines 5A and 5D at both ‐ 10°C and ‐12°C.An increase in the duration of illumination in the course of preliminary growth and hardening promoted the development of a higher level of frost resistance. This positive effect was most pronounced for chromosome substitution lines, where the frost resistance was significantly better than that of ‘Chinese Spring’ even with normal daylengths.
Bread‐making quality and yield performance of 1BL/1RS wheat isogenic lines
Authors: Bullrich L. , Tranquilli G. , Pfluger L. A. , Suárez E. Y. , Barneix A. J. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractIsogenic lines were developed in order to assess the precise effects of the 1BL/1RS translocation on quality characteristics and agronomic traits. Results showed that the translocation has a detrimental effect on sodium dodecyl sulphate sedimentation volume, in any background. Yield was similar between translocated and non‐translocated lines; however, lines carrying lBL/1RS showed a significant increase in grain weight, together with a decrease in spike number per plant.
Evaluation of quantitative resistance to yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei) in the ICARDA/CIMMYT barley breeding programme
Authors: Sandoval‐Islas J. S. , Broers L. H. M. , Vivar H. , Osada K. S. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe resistance to yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei) of 500 advanced barley lines from the ICARDA/CIMMYT breeding programme in Mexico was evaluated on seedlings in the greenhouse and on adult plants in the field. A high frequency of advanced lines (85.8%) showed a susceptible reaction (infection type ≥ 7) on seedlings after inoculation with isolate Mex‐1, representing a Mexican variant of race 24. This indicates the absence of effective hypersensitive resistance. In addition, the same advanced lines showed a large variation in disease severity in the field, ranging from 0 to 95%. More than 76% of the advanced lines with a susceptible reaction in the seedling stage demonstrated low disease severity (10% or less in the adult plant). Consequently, these advanced lines possess high levels of quantitative resistance.Two aspects in the ICARDA/CIMMYT barley breeding programme may explain the large number of advanced lines with high levels of quantitative resistance. First, a recurrent selection approach is applied when advanced (F5) lines reaching homozygosity are intercrossed. Second, low levels of disease are accepted in the selection process instead of selecting the ultimate green plant. Both aspects combined allow the accumulation of quantitative resistance. Certain cultivars released from South‐American national programmes in the late 1970s and early 1980s in Peru (UNA‐80), Bolivia (IBTA 80) and Ecuador (Teran) are still resistant, demonstrating the durable nature of quantitative resistance to yellow rust.
Estimation of parental value for varieties used in plant breeding
Authors: Anoshenko B. Y. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractA method to estimate variety value directly in a plant breeding process is proposed. The approach is based on frequencies of variety progenies succeeding in breeding trials. The number of crossing combinations is demonstrated to estimate parental breeding values (PBV) more effectively than the number of lines. Because of the possibility of significant sexual effects the parental breeding value is estimated by the square mean of the female and male variety breeding values. For adequate PBV estimation, all the varieties tested should involve an equal number of crossing combinations as male and female parents. The Latin square principle can be used for planning such crosses. The results of barley breeding programmes are used as an example for the application of the proposed method. It is shown that the PBV estimates obtained in a current breeding cycle allow the effectiveness of the following cycles to be increased by better planning of the subsequent crosses.
Effective pairwise combination of long primers for RAPD analyses in roses
Authors: Debener T. , Mattiesch L. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractTwenty‐four primers of different lengths (eight each of 10, 15 and 20 bp) were tested each in RAPD reactions with DNA of Rosa multiflora and Rosa canina. The reactions with single primers of a particular length were compared with all 28 pairwise combinations within each length class in both single primer reactions and in primer combination reactions. All primer classes produced fragment patterns of comparable complexity. However, the number of new fragment patterns and the number of fragments containing repetitive DNA was dependent on the primer length. Combinations of long 15‐ and 20‐mer primers produced more new fragments and a lower amount of repetitive DNA than shorter 10‐mer primers. Implications for the use of long primer combinations in projects which require large marker numbers are discussed in comparison with other marker systems.