bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Twenty years of follow‐up among survivors of childhood and young adult acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Mulrooney Daniel A. , Dover Douglas C. , Li Suwen , Yasui Yutaka , Ness Kirsten K. , Mertens Ann C. , Neglia Joseph P. , Sklar Charles A. , Robison Leslie L. , Davies Stella M. ,   and the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Published: March 2008

AbstractBACKGROUNDLimited data exist on the comprehensive assessment of late medical and social effects experienced by survivors of childhood and young adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML).METHODSThis analysis included 272 5‐year AML survivors who participated in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS). All patients were diagnosed at age ≤21 years between the years 1970 and 1986, and none underwent stem cell transplantation. Rates of survival, relapse, and late outcomes were analyzed.RESULTSThe average follow‐up was 20.5 years (range, 5–33 years). The overall survival rate was 97% at 10 years (95% confidence interval [95%CI], 94%–98%) and 94% at 20 years (95% CI, 90%–96%). Six survivors reported 8 recurrences. The cumulative incidence of recurrent AML was 6.6% at 10 years (95% CI, 3.7%–9.6%) and 8.6% at 20 years (95% CI, 5.1%–12.1%). Ten subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMN) were reported, including 4 with a history of radiation therapy, for a 20‐year cumulative incidence of 1.7% (95% CI, 0.02%–3.4%). Six cardiac events were reported, for a 20‐year cumulative incidence 4.7% (95% CI, 2.1%–7.3%). Half of the survivors reported a chronic medical condition and, compared with siblings, were at increased risk for severe or life‐threatening chronic medical conditions (16% vs 5.8%; P < .001). Among those aged ≥25 years, the age‐adjusted marriage rates were similar among survivors and the general United States population (57% for both) and lower compared with siblings (67%; P < .01). Survivors' college graduation rates were lower compared with siblings but higher than the general population (40% vs 52% vs 34%, respectively; P < .01). Employment rates were similar between survivors, siblings, and the general population (93%, 97.6%, and 95.8%, respectively).CONCLUSIONSLong‐term survival from childhood AML ≥5‐years after diagnosis was favorable. Late‐occurring medical events remained a concern with socioeconomic achievement lower than expected within the individual family unit, although it was not different from the general United States population. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition in head and neck squamous carcinoma
Authors: Mandal Mahitosh , Myers Jeffery N. , Lippman Scott M. , Johnson Faye M. , Williams Michelle D. , Rayala Suresh , Ohshiro Kazufumi , Rosenthal David I. , Weber Randal S. , Gallick Gary E. , El‐Naggar Adel K. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBACKGROUNDEpithelial–mesenchymal transformations (EMT) are critical for the invasion, progression, and metastasis of epithelial carcinogenesis. The role of EMT in head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSC) tumorigenesis remains unexplored. In the current study, the expressions of several factors associated with the induction of EMT in HNSC cell lines and tumor specimens were investigated to define their functional and pathologic role in HNSC.METHODSEleven HNSC cell lines and 50 primary tumor tissue specimens formed the materials of this study. Western blot analysis as well as immunohistochemical, and functional techniques were used to assess the status of activated Src (p‐Src), E‐cadherin, and vimentin in both cell lines and tumor tissues and the results were correlated with patients' clinicopathologic parameters.RESULTSThe results demonstrated the inverse expression of p‐Src and E‐cadherin in the majority of cell lines and in primary tumor tissues compared with normal squamous mucosa. Elevated levels of p‐Src were accompanied by down‐regulation of E‐cadherin and the expression of vimentin in epithelial tumor cells. In vitro inhibition of Src led to E‐cadherin reexpression and increased cell contact in squamous carcinoma cell lines. Immunophenotypic analysis of these markers in primary tumor tissues demonstrated a significant correlation between increased p‐Src, decreased E‐cadherin, and vimentin expression and aggressive tumor features including penetrating invasive fronts, high‐grade sarcomatoid transformation, and lymph node metastasis.CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study indicate that Src and E‐cadherin may play an important role in EMT, invasion, and aggressive clinicopathologic features of HNSC. These proteins may be targeted for the therapeutic intervention of patients with HNSC. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Alternative promoter usage generates multiple evolutionarily conserved isoforms of Drosophila DOA kinase
Authors: Kpebe Arlette , Rabinow Leonard 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe unique LAMMER (or Clk) protein kinase of Drosophila is encoded at the Doa locus. To better understand the pleiotropic effects of Doa mutations, we describe the structure and expression of the multiple RNA and protein products of the locus, as well as their evolutionary conservation among Drosophila. The gene produces at least six different protein isoforms, primarily through alternative promoter usage, generating kinases with virtually identical catalytic domains but variable N‐terminal noncatalytic domains. The single known alternative splicing event generates a kinase with the insertion of six additional amino‐acids in the catalytic domain. Two independent predicted genes nested within Doa introns actually encode additional alternative N‐termini of the locus. An alternative polyadenylation site utilized exclusively during early embryogenesis generates a transcript with a short half‐life, apparently to ensure a “burst” of kinase expression at the onset of development. Ecdysone induction of Doa transcripts affects all isoforms during pupariation. Finally, extensive conservation of amino‐acid sequences of both the catalytic and N‐terminal noncatalytic exons observed in alignments between D. melanogaster exons and the genome sequences of 11 other Drosophila species suggest that the multiple isoforms serve important and nonredundant functions. genesis 46:132–143, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of absorbent in solid‐phase extraction on quantification of phospholipids in palm‐pressed fiber
Authors: Chua Seong Chea , Tan Chin Ping , Lai Oi Ming , Long Kamariah , Mirhosseini Hamed , Baharin Badlishah Sham 
Published: March 2008

AbstractPalm‐pressed fiber (PPF) is a by‐product of palm oil milling and it has been found to contain a high percentage of phospholipids (PL). The aim of this work was to evaluate the best solid‐phase extraction (SPE) method to purify PL from PPF. The purified PL were analyzed using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an evaporative light‐scattering detector (ELSD). The oil was extracted from PPF using the Folch method and classes of PL were purified using SPE. Different solvent phases and normal‐phase SPE cartridges [silica (Si), aminopropyl‐bonded silica (NH2) and diol‐bonded silica (2OH)] at the same ratio of oil to sorbent mass were used to study the separation of PL from the extracted oil. The recovery of each standard PL was performed in a model oil system with the same amount of standard PL being added, and the repeatability of the SPE method was investigated. The isolation of PL by SPE diol cartridge and subsequent analysis by HPLC/ELSD have shown to be an accurate and reproducible analytical method for the determination of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine in PPF. This method provided a high yield and rapid separation of PL in PPF with less contamination from other lipid groups.
Medium optimization for lipid production through co‐fermentation of glucose and xylose by the oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi
Authors: Zhao Xin , Kong Xiangli , Hua Yanyan , Feng Bin , Zhao Zongbao (Kent) 
Published: March 2008

AbstractCo‐fermentation of lignocellulose‐based carbohydrates is a potential solution to improve the economics of microbial lipid production. In the present paper, experiments were performed to optimize the media composition for lipid production by the oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi AS 2.1560 through co‐fermentation of glucose and xylose (2 : 1 wt/wt). Statistical screening of nine media variables was performed by a Plackett–Burman design. Three factors, namely mixed sugar, yeast extract and FeSO4, were found as significant components influencing cellular lipid accumulation. Further optimization was carried out using a Box–Behnken factorial design to study the effects of these three variables on lipid production. A mathematical model with the R2 value at 96.66% was developed to show the effect of each medium composition and their interactions on the lipid production. The model estimated that a maximal lipid content of 61.0 wt‐% could be obtained when the concentrations of mixed sugar, yeast extract and FeSO4 were at 73.3 g/L (glucose 48.9 g/L, xylose 24.4 g/L), 7.9 g/L and 4.0 mg/L, respectively. The predicted value was in good accordance with the experimental data of 61.5%. Compared with the initial media, the optimized media gave 1.59‐fold and 2.03‐fold increases for lipid content and lipid productivity, respectively.
The first contribution of capillary electrophoresis to the study of abiotic origins of homochirality: Investigation of the enantioselective adsorption of 3‐carboxy adipic acid on minerals
Authors: Castro‐Puyana María , Salgado Antonio , Hazen Robert M. , Crego Antonio L. , Alegre María Luisa Marina 
Published: March 2008

AbstractCE with UV detection was used for the first time to determine the enantioselective adsorption of the short‐chain tricarboxylic acid, 3‐carboxy adipic acid, on minerals as a mean of investigating plausible mechanisms for the origin of biochemical homochirality on Earth. The use of vancomycine as chiral selector in the separation buffer using the partial filling technique enabled the separation of the two enantiomers of this organic acid in about 12 min. Taking into account that this compound has a low absorption of the UV light, and in order to achieve the sensitivity needed to determine the enantiomeric excess of samples of 3‐carboxy adipic acid adsorbed on minerals, we applied a strategy consisting of a field‐amplified sample stacking together with the use of a bubble capillary and detection at low wavelength (192 nm). This combination enabled an LOD of about 10−7 M and the determination of the enantiomeric excess of 3‐carboxy adipic acid adsorbed on calcite and feldspar mineral samples at subnanomol levels of this acid. Results showed that an enantioselective adsorption of the enantiomers of 3‐carboxy adipic acid on minerals took place.
The monitoring of nucleotide diphosphate kinase activity by blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
Authors: Mailloux Ryan J. , Darwich Rami , Lemire Joseph , Appanna Vasu 
Published: March 2008

AbstractNucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) has been shown to play a pivotal role in modulating a plethora of cellular processes. In this study, we report on a blue native (BN) PAGE technique which allows the facile assessment of NDPK activity and expression. The in‐gel detection of NDPK relies on the precipitation of formazan at the site of immobilized enzyme activity. This is achieved by coupling the formation of ATP, as a consequence of γ‐phosphate transfer from NTP to ADP, to hexokinase (HK), glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), phenazine methosulfate (PMS), and iodonitrotetrazolium chloride (INT). 2‐D denaturing gel analysis confirmed that the activity bands corresponded to NDPK as indicated by subunit composition. Furthermore, the sensitivity and specificity of this readily accessible procedure was assessed by monitoring the in‐gel activity of NDPK using different concentrations of GTP and CTP as well as deoxynucleoside triphosphates. This electrophoretic technique allows the quick and easy detection of NDPK, a housekeeping enzyme crucial to cell survival.
Fibular free flaps in the management of osteomyelitis of the mandible
Authors: Slough Cristian M. , Woo Brian M. , Ueeck Brett A. , Wax Mark K. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBackgroundFibular free flaps are an alternative method in the management of chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible without osteoradionecrosis.MethodsA prospective review of 2 cases of chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible managed with a fibular free flap was conducted. Patient satisfaction and aesthetic results were examined. Follow‐up to 9 months was achieved and radiographic studies conducted. The current literature on the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible and the use of free flaps in its management was reviewed.ResultsThe 2 patients with chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible whose conservative management failed were effectively treated with the use of a fibular free flap reconstruction.ConclusionMicrovascular reconstruction with a fibular free flap should be considered as a treatment option in the management of chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008
Prospective trial of the ultrasonic dissector in thyroid surgery
Authors: Leonard David S. , Timon Conrad 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBackgroundUse of the ultrasonic dissector in thyroid surgery is becoming more prevalent, with reduced operative time and incision size reported. We assessed the value of the harmonic scalpel in routine thyroid lobectomy.MethodsWe conducted a single blind, prospective pilot study of 52 euthyroid patients requiring thyroid lobectomy. Those with lesions not suitable for resection through a 4‐cm incision, a history of thyroiditis, or uncontrolled thyroid dysfunction were excluded. Patients were allocated to 1 of 2 groups: group I (n = 31), thyroid lobectomies using conventional surgical techniques; or group II (n = 21), thyroid lobectomies using the ultrasonic dissector.ResultsOutcomes for the 2 patient groups were comparable. There was no significant difference in operative time or incision size.ConclusionsThe ultrasonic dissector does not confer any quantifiable benefit in routine thyroid lobectomy when compared with conventional techniques. This is the first reported series in which its use has not reduced operative time. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008
Pseudogout: An unusual and forgotten metabolic sequela of parathyroidectomy
Authors: Doshi Jayesh , Wheatley Hugh 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBackgroundParathyroidectomy is increasingly being performed by otolaryngology units. The well‐known metabolic sequela is hypocalcaemia; it may be transient or permanent depending on presence and/or activity of any residual parathyroid tissue. A more unusual metabolic sequela of a parathyroidectomy is the development of pseudogout. We summarize the clinical presentation and pathophysiology of pseudogout following parathyroidectomy.MethodsWe present a case of a 71‐year‐old woman who developed pseudogout following removal of a parathyroid adenoma.ResultsAlthough infrequent, pseudogout predominately occurs in the immediate postoperative period.ConclusionWe propose that otolaryngology units should be more aware of the unusual sequelae of pseudogout following parathyroidectomy; it can lead to a prompt referral and commencement of early treatment. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008
Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the head and neck—Long‐term outcome analysis of 68 cases
Authors: Bachar Gideon , Goldstein David , Brown Dale , Tsang Richard , Lockwood Gina , Perez‐Ordonez Bayardo , Irish Jonathan 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBackgroundHead and neck solitary extramedullary plasmacytomas are rare plasma cell neoplasms. Literature review reveals only small numbers of reports. The objective was to review our experience with treating patients with this neoplasm.MethodsA retrospective chart review between 1960 and 2000 was performed. Sixty‐eight patients with head and neck extramedullary plasmacytomas were included.ResultsThe sinonasal tract was the most common site. Thirty‐nine patients were treated with radiation, 8 with surgery, 14 with surgery and radiation, and 3 with chemoradiation. Median follow‐up was 8 years. The 5‐year local recurrence–free rate (LRFR) was 81%. There was a trend toward improved LRFR in patients treated primarily with radiation. Regional recurrence at 5 years was 5%. Multiple myeloma developed in 23% of patients. The 5‐year survival was 76%.ConclusionsRadiation is the treatment of choice with surgery reserved for large tumors and extensive bone destruction. Long‐term follow‐up is essential because local recurrence and disseminated disease can occur many years postdiagnosis. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008
Synovial sarcoma presenting as a parotid mass: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Jay Amrita , Hutchison Iain , Piper Kim , Farthing Paula M. , Richards Polly S. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBackgroundSynovial sarcoma is an unusual neoplasm of mesenchymal derivation, which is uncommon in the head and neck sites. In the parotid gland, it is most likely to be misdiagnosed as a myoepithelial, primary mesenchymal, or metastatic neoplasm.MethodsWe report a case of synovial sarcoma in a young woman who was seen with temporomandibular joint symptoms with a 10‐year history. A review of the literature was undertaken to highlight the radiologic and histologic features that help in diagnosis as well as the suggested therapeutic protocols most likely to ensure better survival.ResultsRadiologic and histologic studies of the parotid mass led to a diagnosis of synovial sarcoma. A total parotidectomy was performed, and the individual remains tumor free at 36months.ConclusionsReview of the literature suggests an aggressive long‐term outcome for synovial sarcoma and advocates early diagnosis and radical surgical excision for a favorable prognosis. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008
Do current beliefs predict hypomanic symptoms beyond personality style? Factor analysis of the hypomanic attitudes and positive predictions inventory (HAPPI) and its association with hypomanic symptoms in a student population
Authors: Mansell Warren , Rigby Zoe , Tai Sara , Lowe Christine 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA self‐report scale called the Hypomanic Attitudes and Positive Predictions Inventory (HAPPI) has been developed to assess cognitions that distinguish between bipolar disorder and nonclinical controls (Mansell, 2006; Mansell & Jones, 2006). We recruited 191 undergraduate students to assess the associations between the HAPPI and self‐reported past (MDQ; Hirschfeld et al., 2000) and present (ISS; Bauer et al., 1991) bipolar symptoms, and to explore the factor structure of the scale. The HAPPI correlated with past and present symptoms independently of the BIS/BAS subscales (Carver & White, 1994) and the HPS (Eckblad & Chapman, 1986). Five factors of the HAPPI were identified: success activation and triumph over fear, activating response style, reduced social regulation, loss of control when activated, and catastrophic beliefs about internal states. The HAPPI factors showed specific relationships with current bipolar symptoms that largely fitted with predictions based on the model. Further work is required to establish whether they have a causal role. © 2008, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 64: 1–16, 2008.
Enhancement of cell‐specific transgene expression from a Tet‐Off regulatory system using a transcriptional amplification strategy in the rat brain
Authors: Liu Beihui , Wang Shu , Brenner Michael , Paton Julian F.R. , Kasparov Sergey 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBackgroundThe Tet‐Off system uses a tetracycline‐controlled transactivator protein (tTA) and a tetracycline‐responsive promoter element (TRE) to regulate expression of a target gene. This system can be used to achieve regulatable transgene expression in specific cell types by employing a cell‐specific promoter to drive tTA expression. Wide applications of this attractive approach are, however, hindered by relatively weak transcriptional activity of most cell‐specific promoters. We report here the feasibility of using a transcriptional amplification strategy to overcome the problem.Methods and resultsIn the developed cell‐type‐specific, Tet‐inducible lentiviral system, two distinct cellular promoters were tested, a human synapsin‐1 promoter for neurons and a compact glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter for astroglial cells. Lentiviral vectors were constructed that contained two copies of one or the other of these two promoters. One copy was used to drive the expression of a chimeric transactivator consisting of a part of the transcriptional activation domain of the NF‐κB p65 protein fused to the DNA‐binding domain of the yeast GAL4 protein. The second copy of the cell‐specific promoter was modified by introduction of the GAL4 binding sequences at its 5′ end. This copy was used to drive expression of tTA. A gene encoding a red fluorescent protein was cloned into another lentiviral vector under transcriptional control of TRE. Co‐transduction with the two types of viral vectors provided doxycycline‐regulated transgene expression in a neuron‐ or astrocyte‐specific manner. Compared to control viruses without transcriptional amplification, our enhanced systems were approximately 8‐fold more potent in cultured neurons and astroglial cells and at least 8‐ to 12‐fold more potent in the rat brain in vivo.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate the effectiveness of the transcriptional amplification strategy in developing viral gene delivery systems that combine the advantages of specific cell type targeting and Tet‐inducible expression. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Upregulation of α‐skeletal muscle actin and myosin heavy polypeptide gene products in degenerating rotator cuff muscles
Authors: Fuchs Bruno , Zumstein Matthias , Regenfelder Felix , Steinmann Patrick , Fuchs Thomas , Husmann Knut , Hellermann Jens , Jost Bernhard , Hodler Jürg , Born Walter , Gerber C. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractImpaired function of shoulder muscles, resulting from rotator cuff tears, is associated with abnormal deposition of fat in muscle tissue, but corresponding cellular and molecular mechanisms, likely reflected by altered gene expression profiles, are largely unknown. Here, an analysis of muscle gene expression was carried out by semiquantitative RT‐PCR in total RNA extracts of supraspinatus biopsies collected from 60 patients prior to shoulder surgery. A significant increase of α‐skeletal muscle actin (p = 0.0115) and of myosin heavy polypeptide 1 (p = 0.0147) gene transcripts was observed in parallel with progressive fat deposition in the muscle, assessed on parasagittal T1‐weighted turbo‐spin‐echo magnetic resonance images according to Goutallier. Upregulation of α‐skeletal muscle actin and of myosin heavy polypeptide‐1 has been reported to be associated with increased muscle tissue metabolism and oxidative stress. The findings of the present study, therefore, challenge the hypothesis that increased fat deposition in rotator cuff muscle after injury reflects muscle degeneration. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:1007–1011, 2008