bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Update on Evidence of Clinical Pharmacy Services’ Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life
Authors: Pickard A Simon , Hung Shih-Ying 
Published: August 2006

Objective: To describe and critique recent studies of clinical pharmacy services that have evaluated impact on health-related quality of life (HRQL) and to determine whether studies that lacked a control group were more likely to report a statistically significant impact on HRQL. Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts were searched (March 1999–December 2004) using terms for HRQL and clinical pharmacy services. Study Selection and Data Extraction: All original research articles in English identified from the data sources were examined. Abstracts were screened by 2 reviewers, and studies were included if a clinical pharmacy service was evaluated and pre-/post-HRQL outcomes were reported. Data Synthesis: Of 1152 citations identified by the literature search, 36 articles met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-two studies had a condition-specific focus. Fifteen studies incorporated a generic HRQL measure (primarily the short-form-36 items), 13 studies used a condition-specific measure, and 8 studies included both. Significant impact on one or more domains of HRQL was predominantly demonstrated in interventions relating to asthma, hypertension, and chronic heart failure. Statistically significant change in HRQL was reported in 8 of 21 studies that used a randomized controlled design (38%), in 2 of 5 studies with a nonrandomized design with control group (40%), and in 6 of 8 studies without a control group (75%; χ2 2.00; p = 0.16). Conclusions: Since 1999, the number of published studies of clinical pharmacy services that evaluated HRQL as an endpoint has more than tripled. Study designs have improved in terms of longer length of follow-up, and a wider breadth of clinical services has been evaluated. Certain pharmacy services, such as asthma management, appear to offer the most convincing evidence for the value of clinical pharmacy services in terms of measurable short-term HRQL benefit.
Poly-L-lactic Acid for Facial Lipoatrophy in HIV
Authors: El-Beyrouty Claudine , Huang Vanthida , Darnold Courtney J , Clay Patrick G 
Published: August 2006

Objective: To review the clinical data for poly-L-lactic acid, a synthetic polymer used as an intradermal injection for the treatment of HIV associated facial fat loss (lipoatrophy). Data Sources: A literature search was performed using MEDLINE (1966–August 2006). The search was limited to articles published in English and used the key words polylactic acid, polylactides, degradation, lipodystrophy, lipoatrophy, and HIV/AIDS. Dermik Laboratories was contacted to obtain unpublished information. Additional articles were retrieved from citations of selected references. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Relevant information on the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of poly-L-lactic acid from clinical trials were selected. Data Synthesis: Poly-L-lactic acid (Sculptra) is a biocompatible, biodegradable, synthetic polymer able to be tailored into various desired morphologic features. It is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the correction of facial lipoatrophy in people with HIV. Six clinical trials have evaluated the use of intradermal injections of poly-L-lactic acid. Results showed that cutaneous thickness is improved in patients receiving poly-L-lactic acid. Adverse effects included nodule and hematoma formation, as well as pain at the injection site. Conclusions: Poly-L-lactic acid offers a treatment alternative for patients with HIV-associated lipoatrophy. Further research is required in nonwhite populations.
Laccase-catalysed functionalisation of TMP with tyramine
Authors: Grönqvist Stina , Rantanen Kari , Alén Raimo , Mattinen Maija-Liisa , Buchert Johanna , Viikari Liisa 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Modified wood fibres open new perspectives to create value-added products based on renewable raw materials. An interesting option is the targeted modification of fibre surfaces by oxidative enzymes. This two-stage functionalisation method consists of enzymatic activation of fibre surfaces followed by addition of radicalised compounds reacting preferentially by radical coupling. In this work, the activation of bleached and unbleached softwood TMPs with laccase isolated from Trametes hirsuta was studied. The formation and stability of the radicals were studied by EPR spectroscopy. The reaction of the radicals with 3-hydroxytyramine hydrochloride and the type of chemical linkages were investigated. EPR, ESCA and FTIR spectroscopy were used for analysis. Bleached TMP was radicalised more efficiently than unbleached TMP. The radicals were unstable, as 90% of them were quenched within a few hours. Their lifetime was, however, found to be adequately long for performing coupling reactions. Bonding of new compounds to pulps via radical reactions thus seems to be possible.
Influences of hot pressing temperature and surface structure on VOC emissions from OSB made of Scots pine
Authors: Makowski Mathias , Ohlmeyer Martin 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Oriented strand board (OSB) made of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) releases high amounts of terpenes and aldehydes. These volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions are clearly affected by the manufacturing parameters. As a consequence of high temperatures during hot pressing, terpene emissions from OSB are reduced. Aldehyde emissions are initially lowered after pressing at a high temperature (260°C). Furthermore, emissions are influenced by the surface structure. If the surface consists of fine particles, terpene emissions are lowered and the course of aldehyde formation is altered. Nevertheless, a reduction in VOC emissions by adjustment of the parameters investigated in this work seems to be restricted to terpenes. Aldehyde emissions from all panels converge during emission testing and in the final stages no clear distinction is possible according to the pressing temperature or surface structure.
Evaluating growth strain of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. from SilviScan measurements
Authors: Yang Jun Li , Baillères Henri , Evans Robert , Downes Geoff 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Longitudinal surface strain was measured or estimated using three different methods along the stems of nine trees of 10-year-old Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Wood samples were collected close to the location where the strain was measured or estimated. Microfibril angle (MFA), cellulose crystallite width (Wcryst), microdensity and Young's modulus along the grain (EL) were determined using the SilviScan-2 technology at high spatial resolution. Relationships of measured strain and estimated strain to wood properties were established. The quality of the relationships depends on a particular wood property. Strain was more closely related to mean Wcryst than to any other wood properties. Its relationship with MFA was the next closest. Based on the results of regression analysis, we propose that Wcryst may be suitable for the prediction of surface strain at a moderate level of reliability. Adding measurement of MFA, microdensity and EL does not significantly improve the prediction quality. The strain measurement method also affects the results. The best relationships were obtained with longitudinal displacement measured by the CIRAD method. Strain measured by the strain gauge method gave weak relationships, possibly owing to variation in the cambium age of the specimens.
Measurement of thermal neutron cross sections of the reactions 126Sn(n, γ)127g,127mSn
Authors: Zhang Sheng-Dong , Yang Lei , Guo Jingru , Wang Fangding , Cui An-Zhi , Diao Lijun 
Published: August 2006

Summary
The thermal neutron cross sections of the reactions 126Sn(n, γ)127gSn and 126Sn(n, γ)127mSn were measured for the first time. A radiochemical carrier-free separation procedure of 126Sn from high level liquid waste (HLLW) is based on the anion exchange and PbS co-precipitation. The (n, γ) reactions on 197Au and 55Mn were used as monitors of thermal neutron flux in irradiation of 126Sn samples. The radionuclides 126Sn, 127gSn, 127Sb, 198Au and 56Mn were detected by HPGe γ-ray spectrometry. The experimentally obtained thermal neutron cross sections of the 126Sn(n, γ)127mSn and 126Sn(n, γ)127gSn reactions are: 126Sn(n, γ)127gSn: σg = 0.200 ± 0.039 b 126Sn(n, γ)127mSn: σm = 0.39 ± 0.10 b The total cross section of the reaction 126Sn(n, γ)127(m+g)Sn is 0.59 ± 0.14 b.
Electrochemical behavior of uranium(VI) in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and in 0.05 M aliquat-336/chloroform
Authors: Giridhar P. , Venkatesan K. A. , Subramaniam S. , Srinivasan T. G. , Vasudeva Rao P. R. 
Published: August 2006

Summary
Alkali metal uranyl chloride (M2UO2Cl4 (M = Na or Cs)) was dissolved in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (bmimCl) and the redox behavior of uranyl ion present in the resultant solution was investigated by cyclic voltammetry at 343 K. The cyclic voltammogram consisted of a reduction wave occurring at the peak potential of −0.85 V, due to the reduction of U(VI) and two oxidation waves occurring at the peak potentials of −0.6 V and +0.2 V. Controlled potential electrolysis of uranium(VI) loaded bmimCl gave a black deposit, which was characterized as uranium oxide by EDXRF and XRD analysis. Extraction of uranium(VI) from nitric acid medium by 0.05 M tri-n-octylmethylammonium chloride (TOMAC) in chloroform was studied and the cyclic voltammogram of uranyl ion present in the extracted phase exhibited a single reduction (−0.8 V) and an oxidation wave (0.06 V) at 298 K. Controlled potential electrolysis of uranium(VI) loaded TOMAC at −1.0 V also gave a black uranium oxide deposit similar to that observed in the previous case. The results indicated that uranyl ion in organic phase undergoes a single step two electron quasi-reversible reduction at the working electrode, which can be conveniently exploited for the direct recovery of uranium from the spent fuel or from high level liquid wastes.
[201Tl](III)-bleomycin for tumor imaging
Authors: Jalilian A. R. , Akhlaghi M. , Shirazi B. , Aboudzadeh R. , Raisali Gholamreza , Salouti M. , Babaii M. 
Published: August 2006

Summary
Due to interesting physical properties and wide availability of thallium-201 as a SPECT radionuclide, the idea of incorporation of this nuclide into biologically active compounds was targeted. Thallium-201 (T
1/2 = 3.04 d) in Tl+ form was converted to Tl3+ cation in presence of O3 in 6 M HCl controlled by RTLC/gel electrophoresis methods. The final evaporated activity was reacted with bleomycin in normal saline to yield [201Tl]BLM at room temperature after 0.5 h (radiochemical yield > 99%) followed by HPLC analysis. The studies showed that thallic ion is mostly incorporated into bleomycin A2 while other species in the pharmaceutical sample almost remain unlabeled. Radiochemical purity of more than 99% was obtained using RTLC, HPLC with specific activity of about 7 Ci/mmol. The stability of the tracer was checked in the final product in presence of human serum at 37 °C up to 3 d. The tracer accumulated in tumors of fibrosarcoma-bearing mice after 72 h.
Hemostasis and fibrinolysis in non-diabetic overweight and obese men and women. Is there still a role for leptin?
Authors: Mertens Ilse , Considine Robert V , Van der Planken Marc , Van Gaal Luc F 
Published: August 2006

Objective: Leptin has been associated with disturbances in hemostasis and fibrinolysis, with inconsistent results on the influence of fat mass. However, the influence of the amount of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) has not yet been studied. In this study, we investigated the relationship between leptin and fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag), and plasminogen-activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity and determined the influence of associated metabolic variables and VAT versus SAT.
Methods: Fibrinogen, vWF:Ag, PAI-1,VAT and SAT (CT-scan), and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment; HOMA-IR) were measured in 199 women and 81 men with overweight or obesity visiting the weight management clinic of a university hospital.
Results: Leptin did not relate to fibrinogen (r = 0.11 and 0.13 in women and men respectively; P > 0.05), a relationship with vWF:Ag was only found in men (r = 0.31; P = 0.005), while leptin related to PAI-1 activity in both men (r = 0.36; P < 0.001) and women (r = 0.23; P < 0.001). Further analysis showed leptin to have an effect on the variation of PAI-1 independent of VAT and HOMA-IR in women, but not in men. Multiple regression showed HOMA-IR to be the most important determinant of PAI-1, both in men and women, but leptin also showed an independent effect. As for vWF:Ag, leptin was an independent determinant in men only.
Conclusions: PAI-1 related to leptin levels independent of fat mass percentage, HOMA-IR, and the amount of VAT and SAT. For vWF:Ag this relationship was found only in men, and not in women, while a relationship with fibrinogen could not be demonstrated.
Sustained endogenous glucose production, diminished lipolysis and non-esterified fatty acid appearance and oxidation in non-obese women at high risk of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Forbes Shareen , Robinson Stephen , Dungu Jason , Anyaoku Victor , Bannister Peter , Forster David , Dissanayake Sujata , McCarthy Mark I , MacDonald Ian A , Venkatesan Soundararajan , Johnston Desmond G 
Published: August 2006

Objective: To evaluate early defects in glucose production, lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation in non-obese, normally glucose tolerant women, who are nevertheless at risk of type 2 diabetes.Methods: Ten women with previous gestational diabetes (pGDM) and ten controls were studied in two 4 h infusions of stable isotopes 6,6-2H2-glucose, 1-13C-palmitate, and 1,1,2,3,3-2H5-glycerol with and without infusion of adrenaline. Fatty acid oxidation was quantified using indirect calorimetry and13CO2measurements. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated using the short insulin tolerance test.Results: The pGDM and control women were non-obese and carefully matched for body mass index and fat mass. Whole body insulin sensitivity and basal insulin concentrations did not differ significantly but basal glucose concentrations were increased in women with pGDM. During a 0.9% saline infusion, glucose appearance was not significantly different at the first (90–120 min) and second (210–240 min) steady states. However, glucose appearance decreased in controls but was maintained in the pGDM women (−0.33 ± 0.02 vs −0.03 ± 0.08 mg/kg per min;P= 0.004). Basal glycerol appearance (0.27 ± 0.02 vs 0.38 ± 0.03 mg/kg per min;P= 0.02), palmitate appearance (0.74 ± 0.09 vs 1.05 ± 0.09 mg/kg per min;P= 0.03) and palmitate oxidation (0.07 ± 0.01 vs 0.10 ± 0.01 mg/kg per min;P= 0.03) were lower in the pGDM women. During the adrenaline infusion, changes in glucose, glycerol and palmitate concentrations and kinetics were similar in both groups.Conclusions: Sustained glucose production during fasting is an early abnormality in non-obese subjects at risk of type 2 diabetes. Lipolysis and non-esterified fatty acid appearance and oxidation are diminished, suggesting an increased tendency to store fat. The observations are not readily attributable to differences in insulin or catecholamine sensitivity.
The effect of changes in adiposity on testosterone levels in older men: longitudinal results from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study
Authors: Mohr Beth A , Bhasin Shalender , Link Carol L , O’Donnell Amy B , McKinlay John B 
Published: August 2006

Objective: Changes in adiposity affecting total testosterone (TT) and free testosterone (FT) levels have not been examined in a population-based survey. We aimed to determine whether changes in adiposity predict follow-up levels and rates of change in TT, FT and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in men.
Design: The Massachusetts Male Aging Study is a randomly sampled, population-based cohort interviewed at baseline (T1, 1987–1989; n = 1709; aged 40–70 years) and followed-up approximately 9 years later (T2, 1995–1997; n = 1156). Men were categorized as overweight (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2) or having obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), waist obesity (waist circumference ≥ 102 cm), or waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) obesity (WHR>0.95). For each adiposity group, we constructed four categories to represent changes between T1 and T2: overweight (or obese, etc.) at neither wave, T1 only, T2 only, or both waves.
Results: After adjustment for confounding variables, men who were overweight at T2 only, or at both waves, had significantly lower mean T2 TT and SHBG levels than men in the neither group (P<0.05). Mean FT did not differ between any overweight group and the neither group. Men who were obese at both times, had the highest mean BMI, the highest fraction of severely obese men, and significantly greater rate of decline in FT than the neither group.
Conclusions: In men who become overweight, the greater rate of decline in TT, but not FT, is related mostly to a lesser age-related increase in SHBG. Since weight gain is highly prevalent in older men, over-reliance on TT levels in the diagnosis of androgen deficiency could result in substantial misclassification.
On the computation of scaling coefficients of Daubechies' wavelets
Authors: Černá Dana , Finěk Václav 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
In the present paper, Daubechies' wavelets and the computation of their scaling coefficients are briefly reviewed. Then a new method of computation is proposed. This method is based on the work [7] concerning a new orthonormality condition and relations among scaling moments, respectively. For filter lengths up to 16, the arising system can be explicitly solved with algebraic methods like Gröbner bases. Its simple structure allows one to find quickly all possible solutions.
Generalizations of coatomic modules
Authors: Koşan M. , Harmanci Abdullah 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
For a ring R and a right R-module M, a submodule N of M is said to be δ-small in M if, whenever N+X=M with M/X singular, we have X=M. Let ℘ be the class of all singular simple modules. Then δ(M)=Σ{ L≤ M| L is a δ-small submodule of M} = Re
jm(℘)=∩{ N⊂ M: M/N∈℘. We call M δ-coatomic module whenever N≤ M and M/N=δ(M/N) then M/N=0. And R is called right (left) δ-coatomic ring if the right (left) R-module R
R(RR) is δ-coatomic. In this note, we study δ-coatomic modules and ring. We prove M=⊕i=1n Mi is δ-coatomic if and only if each M
i (i=1,…, n) is δ-coatomic.
Surgical Navigation in the Anterior Skull Base Using 3-Dimensional Endoscopy and Surface Reconstruction
Authors: Bartholomew Ryan A. , Zhou Haoyin , Boreel Maud , Suresh Krish , Gupta Saksham , Mitchell Margaret B. , Hong Christopher , Lee Stella E. , Smith Timothy R. , Guenette Jeffrey P. , Corrales C. Eduardo , Jagadeesan Jayender 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceImage guidance is an important adjunct for endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery. However, current systems require bulky external tracking equipment, and their use can interrupt efficient surgical workflow.ObjectiveTo evaluate a trackerless surgical navigation system using 3-dimensional (3D) endoscopy and simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithms in the anterior skull base.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis interventional deceased donor cohort study and retrospective clinical case study was conducted at a tertiary academic medical center with human deceased donor specimens and a patient with anterior skull base pathology.ExposuresParticipants underwent endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal dissection and surface model reconstruction from stereoscopic video with registration to volumetric models segmented from computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging.Main Outcomes and MeasuresTo assess the fidelity of surface model reconstruction and accuracy of surgical navigation and surface-CT model coregistration, 3 metrics were calculated: reconstruction error, registration error, and localization error.ResultsIn deceased donor models (n = 9), high-fidelity surface models of the posterior wall of the sphenoid sinus were reconstructed from stereoscopic video and coregistered to corresponding volumetric CT models. The mean (SD; range) reconstruction, registration, and localization errors were 0.60 (0.24; 0.36-0.93), 1.11 (0.49; 0.71-1.56) and 1.01 (0.17; 0.78-1.25) mm, respectively. In a clinical case study of a patient who underwent a 3D endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection of a tubercular meningioma, a high-fidelity surface model of the posterior wall of the sphenoid was reconstructed from intraoperative stereoscopic video and coregistered to a volumetric preoperative fused CT magnetic resonance imaging model with a root-mean-square error of 1.38 mm.Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of this study suggest that SLAM algorithm–based endoscopic endonasal surgery navigation is a novel, accurate, and trackerless approach to surgical navigation that uses 3D endoscopy and SLAM-based algorithms in lieu of conventional optical or electromagnetic tracking. While multiple challenges remain before clinical readiness, a SLAM algorithm–based endoscopic endonasal surgery navigation system has the potential to improve surgical efficiency, economy of motion, and safety.
The relationships of sexually harassing behaviors to organizational context factors and working men's dark personality traits
Authors: Pryor John B. , Stutterheim Sarah E. , Lemmens Lotte H. J. M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis research examined the roles of organization contexts factors and dark personality traits in men's (N = 600) self‐reports of sexually harassing behaviors toward women in the workplace. Four organization context factors (a permissive climate, a masculinized job/gender context, male/female contact, and Masculinity Contest Culture [MCC] Norms) and four dark personality traits (psychopathy, narcissism, Machiavellianism, and sadism) were examined. While only one organizational context factor, MCC Norms correlated with men's admissions of sexually harassing behaviors at work, all four dark personality traits evidenced significant correlations. In a multiple regression analysis, MCC Norms emerged again as the single organizational context predictor and psychopathy as the single personality predictor of men's admissions of sexually harassing behaviors at work. Moderation analyses showed that a masculinized job/gender context interacted with psychopathy to produce more admissions of sexually harassing behaviors. Mediation analyses showed that psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism had indirect relationships with admissions of sexually harassing behaviors through MCC Norms. Higher levels on these traits were related to higher levels of these workplace norms which, in turn, predicted more admissions of sexually harassing behavior. This research sheds new light on how both organizational contexts and enduring personal characteristics of men are related to sexual harassment in the workplace.
Examining motivation and self‐regulated online learning strategy model: A measurement invariance analysis among college students in China during COVID‐19
Authors: Tang Shifang , Wang Zhuoying , Lu Xiuhong , Zhang Lei , Haggerty Maya 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties and measurement invariance of the motivated and self‐regulation strategies for online learning (MSSOL) instrument. Data were collected from a sample of 1100 college students from a Chinese university. Factor analysis revealed favorable psychometric properties of the MSSOL. Furthermore, strong evidence was found to support the configural, metric, scalar, and strict invariance across gender groups, indicating the appropriate utilization of the MSSOL in accurately assessing online English learning motivation and self‐regulated learning (SRL) strategies among Chinese college students of both genders. This study represents a significant advancement in the measurement of motivation and SRL in the context of online English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction, particularly in light of the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic. Implications for future research are discussed.