bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Impact of Gypsum Content on the Physical and Hydraulic Properties of Soils in Arid Regions: A Review
Authors: Agha Mooatasim Daood S. , Al –Wazzan Faris A. 
Published: February 2025

Gypsum soils constitute approximately 100 million hectares of the world’s area, and approximately 28% of the ​​Iraq s, area. Low gypsum content (about 14%) have a positive effect on improving soil properties, if the soil has a high gypsum content it will lead to a deterioration in the physical, chemical and fertility properties. Gypsum affects physical soil properties, water movement and water functions because it is semi-soluble and thus affects plant growth and productivity.
Gypsum soils are generally of a fine texture, and the texture of the surface layer is often loam, while the subsurface layer has a clay loam texture. Most gypsum soils are poorly structure in their surface horizons, while the sub surface horizons are structure less, or in the form of individual grains.
Gypsum soils have a low ability to retain moisture at high pressures and high temperature conditions. An increase in soil gypsum content reduces organic matter, clay percentage, and available water. As the percentage of gypsum in the soil increases, the bulk density values ​​increase up to 30% gypsum, as well as the value of the liquid, plasticity limits, and plasticity index value decrease. The values ​​of saturated hydraulic conductivity depends on the nature of the gypsum crystals and their percentage in the soil. The rate of water column rise has an inverse relationship with the gypsum percentage. The importance of this study to reduce the deterioration of gypsum soils.
Economic Viability of Rice Cultivation in Punjab and Uttar Pradesh, India: A Cost and Profit Analysis
Authors: Sindhuja Padigapati Venkata Naga , Naik Popavath Bhargav , Kumar Perka Shiva , Ramalingam Selvaprakash , Reddy Konda Ramanjaneya , D B Hemanth , Singh Alka 
Published: February 2025

Aims: The main objective of this study is to analyse the profitability of rice crop in Punjab and Uttar Pradesh and investigate the factors influencing the cost structure of rice farming.
Study Design: This study utilized secondary data from the Directorate of Economics & Statistics, the Department of Agriculture & Farmers' Welfare (DA&FW), and the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP).
Place and Duration of Study: The study primarily focused on Punjab and Uttar Pradesh. Starting from 2001-02, every fourth year was selected up to the most recent available data. Finally, the selected points of years were 2001-02, 2005-06, 2009-10, 2013-14, 2017-19, and 2020-21.
Methodology: This study employed various cost concepts to assess the profitability. A Panel Instrumental Variable (IV) regression analysis was conducted to assess the cost structure and the Hausman test was done to select appropriate model between fixed and random effects.
Results: In Punjab, the profitability ratio remained above one for all the selected years, whereas in Uttar Pradesh, it was either close to or slightly below one at Cost C3. Additionally, in Punjab, the profitability ratio consistently exceeded two, while in Uttar Pradesh, it was just above one at Cost A2+FL. This indicates that rice cultivation was significantly more profitable in Punjab compared to Uttar Pradesh. The cost structure was primarily influenced by yield and price fluctuations, both of which were statistically significant.
Conclusion: The results indicate a significant disparity observed in profitability between Punjab and Uttar Pradesh states and highlight that total costs significantly impact technology adoption and price movements, with last year's market conditions influencing current production costs.
Transitional Neonatal Hypoglycemia and Adverse Neurodevelopment in Midchildhood
Authors: Roeper Marcia , Hoermann Henrike , Körner Lisa M. , Sobottka Marvin , Mayatepek Ertan , Kummer Sebastian , Meissner Thomas 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceThe circumstances under which neonatal hypoglycemia leads to brain damage remain unclear due to a lack of long-term data on the neurodevelopment of affected children. As a result, diagnostic strategies and treatment recommendations are inconsistent.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the occurrence of severe transitional neonatal hypoglycemia (defined as having at least 1 blood glucose measurement of 30 mg/dL or below) is associated with adverse neurodevelopment in midchildhood.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study using neurodevelopmental testing of a retrospectively recruited cohort was conducted at a single-center tertiary hospital in Germany between March 2022 and February 2023. Children with neonatal blood glucose screening data were randomly selected from all births between 2010 and 2015. Frequency matching for sex, birth weight, gestational age, socioeconomic status, and primary risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia was performed. Children with persistent hypoglycemia diseases or any risk factor for adverse neurodevelopment except hypoglycemia were excluded. Data were analyzed between February 2023 and March 2023.ExposureAt least 1 neonatal hypoglycemia measurement with blood glucose measuring 30 mg/dL or below vs all measured blood glucose levels above 30 mg/dL during postnatal blood glucose screening starting on the first day of life.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCognitive function measured by full-scale IQ test. Secondary outcomes included standardized scales of motor, visual, and executive functions, and child behavior, each measured at ages 7 to 11 years.ResultsA total of 140 children (mean [SD] age 9.1 [1.3] years; 77 male [55.0%]) participated in the study. Children with severe neonatal hypoglycemia had a 4.8 points lower mean full-scale IQ than controls (107.0 [95% CI, 104.0-109.9] vs 111.8 [95% CI, 108.8-114.8]). They showed a 4.9-fold (95% CI, 1.5-15.5) increased odds of abnormal fine motor function and a 5.3-fold (95% CI, 2.1-13.3) increased odds of abnormal visual-motor integration. Significantly higher T scores for attention problems (58.2 [95% CI, 56.1-60.2] vs 54.6 [95% CI, 52.6-56.6]) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms (58.2 [95% CI, 56.2-60.2] vs 54.7 [95% CI, 52.8-56.7]) were reported by parents.Conclusions and RelevanceNeonatal hypoglycemia with blood glucose levels of 30 mg/dL or below was associated with an increased risk for suboptimal neurodevelopmental outcomes in midchildhood. These findings imply that treatment strategies should aim to prevent episodes of hypoglycemia at these severely low levels.
Food Insecurity Prevalence and Risk Factors at a Large Academic Medical Center in Michigan
Authors: Leung Cindy W. , Patel Minal R. , Miller Markell , Spring Eileen , Wang Zixi , Wolfson Julia A. , Cohen Alicia J. , Heisler Michele , Hao Wei 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceHealth care systems are increasingly adopting methods to screen for and integrate food insecurity and other social risk factors into electronic health records. However, there remain knowledge gaps regarding the cumulative burden of food insecurity in large clinical settings, which patients are most at risk, and the extent to which patients are interested in social assistance through their health care system.ObjectiveTo evaluate the 5-year prevalence and associated risk factors of food insecurity among adult primary care patients, and to examine factors associated with patients’ interest in social assistance among those with food insecurity.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional analysis of a retrospective cohort study took place at a tertiary care academic medical center (encompassing 20 primary care clinics) in Michigan. Participants included adult patients who completed screening for social risk factors between August 1, 2017, and August 1, 2022. Data analysis was performed from November 2022 to June 2023.ExposureFood insecurity was assessed using the Hunger Vital Sign.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was patients’ interest in social assistance, and associated factors were examined using multivariate logistic regression models, adjusting for patients’ demographic and health characteristics.ResultsOver the 5-year period, 106 087 adult primary care patients (mean [SD] age, 52.9 [17.9] years; 61 343 women [57.8%]) completed the standardized social risk factors questionnaire and were included in the analysis. The overall prevalence of food insecurity was 4.2% (4498 patients), with monthly trends ranging from 1.5% (70 positive screens) in August 2018 to 5.0% (193 positive screens) in June 2022. Food insecurity was significantly higher among patients who were younger, female, non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic, unmarried or unpartnered, and with public health insurance. Food insecurity was significantly associated with a higher cumulative burden of social needs, including social isolation, medical care insecurity, medication nonadherence, housing instability, and lack of transportation. Only 20.6% of patients with food insecurity (927 patients) expressed interest in social assistance. Factors associated with interest in social assistance including being non-Hispanic Black, unmarried or unpartnered, a current smoker, and having a higher burden of other social needs.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this retrospective cohort study, the overall prevalence of food insecurity was 4.2%, of whom approximately 1 in 5 patients with food insecurity expressed interest in assistance. This study highlights ongoing challenges in ensuring all patients complete routine social determinants of health screening and gaps in patients’ interest in assistance for food insecurity and other social needs through their health care system.
Accuracy of Diagnosing Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Larsen Emil List , Nilius Henning , Studt Jan-Dirk , Tsakiris Dimitrios A. , Greinacher Andreas , Mendez Adriana , Schmidt Adrian , Wuillemin Walter A. , Gerber Bernhard , Vishnu Prakash , Graf Lukas , Kremer Hovinga Johanna A. , Goetze Jens P. , Bakchoul Tamam , Nagler Michael 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a life-threatening condition that requires urgent diagnostic clarification. However, knowledge of the diagnostic utility of the recommended diagnostic tests is limited in clinical practice.ObjectiveTo evaluate the current diagnostic practice for managing the suspicion of HIT.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective diagnostic study was conducted from January 2018 to May 2021 among consecutive patients with suspected HIT from 11 study centers in Switzerland, Germany, and the United States. Detailed clinical data and laboratory information were recorded. Platelet factor 4/heparin antibodies were quantified using an automated chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA). A washed-platelet heparin-induced platelet activation (HIPA) test was used as a reference standard to define HIT.ExposuresSuspicion of HIT.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of the 4Ts score, the CLIA, and the recommended algorithm serially combining both tests.ResultsOf 1448 patients included between 2018 and 2021, 1318 were available for the current analysis (median [IQR] age, 67 [57-75] years; 849 [64.6%] male). HIPA was positive in 111 patients (prevalence, 8.4%). The most frequent setting was intensive care unit (487 [37.0%]) or cardiovascular surgery (434 [33.0%]). The 4Ts score was low risk in 625 patients (46.8%). By 2 × 2 table, the numbers of patients with false-negative results were 10 (9.0%; 4Ts score), 5 (4.5%; CLIA), and 15 (13.5%; recommended diagnostic algorithm). The numbers of patients with false-positive results were 592 (49.0%; 4Ts score), 73 (6.0%; CLIA), and 50 (4.1%; recommended diagnostic algorithm), respectively.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this diagnostic study of patients suspected of having HIT, when the recommended diagnostic algorithm was used in clinical practice, antibody testing was required in half the patients. A substantial number of patients were, however, still misclassified, which could lead to delayed diagnosis or overtreatment. Development of improved diagnostic algorithms for HIT diagnosis should be pursued.
Tumor Intrinsic Subtypes and Gene Expression Signatures in Early-Stage ERBB2/HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Fernandez-Martinez Aranzazu , Rediti Mattia , Tang Gong , Pascual Tomás , Hoadley Katherine A. , Venet David , Rashid Naim U. , Spears Patricia A. , Islam Md N. , El-Abed Sarra , Bliss Judith , Lambertini Matteo , Di Cosimo Serena , Huobe Jens , Goerlitz David , Hu Rong , Lucas Peter C. , Swain Sandra M. , Sotiriou Christos , Perou Charles M. , Carey Lisa A. 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceBiologic features may affect pathologic complete response (pCR) and event-free survival (EFS) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus ERBB2/HER2 blockade in ERBB2/HER2-positive early breast cancer (EBC).ObjectiveTo define the quantitative association between pCR and EFS by intrinsic subtype and by other gene expression signatures in a pooled analysis of 3 phase 3 trials: CALGB 40601, NeoALTTO, and NSABP B-41.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this retrospective pooled analysis, 1289 patients with EBC received chemotherapy plus either trastuzumab, lapatinib, or the combination, with a combined median follow-up of 5.5 years. Gene expression profiling by RNA sequencing was obtained from 758 samples, and intrinsic subtypes and 618 gene expression signatures were calculated. Data analyses were performed from June 1, 2020, to January 1, 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe association of clinical variables and gene expression biomarkers with pCR and EFS were studied by logistic regression and Cox analyses.ResultsIn the pooled analysis, of 758 women, median age was 49 years, 12% were Asian, 6% Black, and 75% were White. Overall, pCR results were associated with EFS in the ERBB2-enriched (hazard ratio [HR], 0.45; 95% CI, 0.29-0.70; P &amp;lt; .001) and basal-like (HR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.04-0.86; P = .03) subtypes but not in luminal A or B tumors. Dual trastuzumab plus lapatinib blockade over trastuzumab alone had a trend toward EFS benefit in the intention-to-treat population; however, in the ERBB2-enriched subtype there was a significant and independent EFS benefit of trastuzumab plus lapatinib vs trastuzumab alone (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.27-0.83; P = .009). Overall, 275 of 618 gene expression signatures (44.5%) were significantly associated with pCR and 9 of 618 (1.5%) with EFS. The ERBB2/HER2 amplicon and multiple immune signatures were significantly associated with pCR. Luminal-related signatures were associated with lower pCR rates but better EFS, especially among patients with residual disease and independent of hormone receptor status. There was significant adjusted HR for pCR ranging from 0.45 to 0.81 (higher pCR) and 1.21-1.94 (lower pCR rate); significant adjusted HR for EFS ranged from 0.71 to 0.94.Conclusions and relevanceIn patients with ERBB2/HER2-positive EBC, the association between pCR and EFS differed by tumor intrinsic subtype, and the benefit of dual ERBB2/HER2 blockade was limited to ERBB2-enriched tumors. Immune-activated signatures were concordantly associated with higher pCR rates and better EFS, whereas luminal signatures were associated with lower pCR rates.
Fluid Cognition Among Individuals With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Plantinga Laura C. , Yazdany Jinoos , Pearce Bradley D. , Hoge Courtney , Dunlop‐Thomas Charmayne , Lim S. Sam , Drenkard Cristina , Katz Patricia P. , Bowling C. Barrett 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveWe sought to describe fluid cognition and its correlates among individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsParticipants (n = 199) were recruited from a population‐based cohort for a single study visit (October 2019 to May 2022). Fluid cognition was measured via the National Institutes of Health Toolbox Fluid Cognition Battery (including episodic memory, working memory, attention and inhibitory control, processing speed, and cognitive flexibility domains) and expressed as age‐corrected standard scores (mean 100, SD 15). Potential impairment was defined as a standard score >1.5 SD below the mean. Descriptive statistics were calculated and associations of various participant characteristics with the potential fluid cognition impairment were assessed with multivariable logistic regression.ResultsParticipants’ mean age was 46.1 years; most were female (87.4%), Black (86.4%), and non‐Hispanic (95.0%). The mean overall fluid cognition score was 87.2; of the individual domains, the participants’ mean score was lowest on attention and inhibitory control (82.0). Working status (odds ratio [OR] 0.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.14–0.64) and higher self‐reported physical functioning (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.28–0.75) and physical performance (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.59–0.87) were associated with lower odds of fluid cognition impairment; lower educational attainment was associated with higher odds (OR 3.82, 95% CI 1.67–8.75). Self‐reported forgetfulness, neuropsychiatric damage, and depressive symptoms were not statistically significantly associated with potential impairment.ConclusionFluid cognition and, particularly, attention and inhibitory control were low in those with SLE relative to the general US population. Working status, higher physical functioning and performance, and higher educational attainment were associated with lower prevalence of potential impairment. Future work is needed to develop and implement interventions to help support cognition in individuals with SLE.image
Improvements in Patient‐Reported Outcomes After Treatment With Deucravacitinib in Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis: Results From a Randomized Phase 2 Trial
Authors: Strand Vibeke , Gossec Laure , Coates Laura C. , Ogdie Alexis , Choi Jiyoon , Becker Brandon , Zhuo Joe , Lehman Thomas , Nowak Miroslawa , Elegbe Ayanbola , Mease Philip J. , Deodhar Atul 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveDeucravacitinib, a tyrosine kinase 2 inhibitor, was assessed in a phase 2 trial in patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Here, we report effects of deucravacitinib from the patient perspective.MethodsThis phase 2, double‐blind trial (NCT03881059) randomized patients with active PsA 1:1:1 to deucravacitinib 6 mg once daily (QD), 12 mg QD, or placebo, for 16 weeks. Key secondary end points were changes from baseline (CFBs) at week 16 in Health Assessment Questionnaire‐Disability Index (HAQ‐DI) and 36‐item Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36) physical component summary (PCS) scores. Additional patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) assessed disease impact, including fatigue, pain, and mental health. The mean CFBs in PROs and percentages of patients reporting improvements with minimum clinically important differences (MCIDs) or scores of greater than normal values were also assessed.ResultsThis study comprised 203 patients (51.2% female; mean ± SD age, 49.8 ± 13.5 years). At week 16, the adjusted mean difference (95% confidence interval) versus placebo in HAQ‐DI and SF‐36 PCS CFB was significant for each deucravacitinib group (HAQ‐DI 6 mg, −0.26 [−0.42 to −0.10], P = 0.0020; HAQ‐DI 12 mg, −0.28 [−0.45 to −0.12], P = 0.0008; SF‐36 PCS 6 mg, 3.3 [0.9 to 5.7], P = 0.0062; SF‐36 PCS 12 mg, 3.5 [1.1 to 5.9], P = 0.0042). MCID at week 16 were reported for all PROs with either dose of deucravacitinib. Improvements of MCID or to normative values were reported by more patients receiving deucravacitinib than placebo.ConclusionDeucravacitinib groups demonstrate significant and clinically meaningful improvements in PROs versus placebo in patients with active PsA, which warrants further study.
Vapor‐Phase Synthesis of Poly(para‐xylylene): From Coatings to Porous and Hierarchical Materials
Authors: Hu Shu‐Man , Lee Chin‐Yun , Ramli Theresia Cecylia , Christy Jane , Chang Yu‐Ming , Lee Kyung Jin , Chou Fang‐Yu , Chiang Yu‐Chih , Chen Hsien‐Yeh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPoly(para‐xylylene) (PPX) is a robust and biocompatible coating material that is widely used in various applications, including electronics, aerospace and defense materials, automotive materials, and biomaterials. In this progress report, recent developments in PPX technology ranging from the advancement of physical chemistry properties and structural properties for device integration to the transformation of 3D monolith materials of PPX with controls in outer and inner structures at the micro‐ and nanometer scales are highlighted. Based on emerging chemistry studies on [2.2]paracyclophanes, which are primarily used precursors to synthesize PPX via vapor deposition polymerization, functionalization, and the creation of a wide variety of functional PPX derivatives are demonstrated without resistance. Widely used as an interface coating material, PPX is processed to form integrated structural materials and has already been found to be useful in the market as part of electronic and medical implant products. Using a newly innovated transformation to fabricate PPX through templates (metal‐organic frameworks, liquid crystal, ice crystal), 3D monoliths, nanoscale particles, hierarchical and gradient interior structures, and dynamically transformable shapes at the nanoscale are demonstrated. A vast landscape of novel applications and device products is expected based on the already established R&D and market maturity of PPX.
A Trifunctional Electrolyte Enables Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries with Long Cycling Performance
Authors: Ding Yu , Yin Li , Du Tan , Wang Yuxin , He Zhen , Yuwono Jodie A. , Li Guanjie , Liu Jianwen , Zhang Shilin , Yang Tao , Guo Zaiping 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc ion batteries hold promise as alternative systems to lithium‐based batteries. However, practical development faces critical challenges due to parasitic side reactions and dendrite growth in zinc anodes. While introducing electrolyte additives is promising, monofunctional additives offer limited protection to the zinc anode from a single aspect. Herein, a disodium succinate additive is presented to establish a hydrophobic and zincophilic dual electric layer structure on the Zn surface, regulate the solvation structure of Zn2+, and act as a pH buffer during cycling. As a result, the symmetrical cell with an electrolyte containing 0.2 m SADS shows a durable life of over 2200 h, and the Zn||MnO2 full cell still maintains an 80% capacity retention after 1000 cycles. In addition, SADS both show wide applicability in the match with NVO and I2 cathode. This work provides a low‐cost and multifunctional electrolyte additive, facilitating the development of high‐performance aqueous zinc ion batteries.
An Adaptable Charge Source Enabled by Mode‐Switchable TENG for Efficient Self‐Repairing Coating
Authors: Yu Xinke , Zhang Shuqin , Fu Shaoke , Tan Bochuan , Zhou Dan , Zeng Jie , Wang Zhaopeng , Li Wenpo , Hu Chenguo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSelf‐repairing coatings have received widespread attention due to their ability to repair damaged surfaces. However, film‐forming molecules can only be fixed on the metal surface through relatively weak physical and chemical adsorption. This drawback limits its self‐repairing ability. Here, a mode‐switchable TENG (MS‐TENG) is developed, which has the ability to switch between AC and DC outputs as an adjustable charge source for self‐repairing coatings. Besides the normal sector electrodes of rotational TENG, MS‐TENG has a special design of external electrodes (small extension electrodes on rotator and inner/outer orbit electrodes on stator) and achieves charge accumulation through an excitation circuit and DC output through air breakdown on external electrodes with advantage of the complete release of accumulated charges. Compared with traditional air breakdown TENG, its current output has been improved. In addition, the air breakdown process occurs in the external electrode framework independent of the TENG body. Therefore, the negative impact of air breakdown is suppressed. Finally, MS‐TENG is used to achieve rapid electrostatic adsorption of charged film‐forming molecules through charge injection. MS‐TENG as a charge source effectively improves the performance of self‐repairing coatings, with a corrosion inhibition rate of 96.9%.