bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Various frameworks for integrating image and video streams for spatiotemporal information learning employing 2D–3D residual networks for human action recognition
Authors: Yosry Shaimaa , Elrefaei Lamiaa , ElKamaar Rafaat , Ziedan Rania R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHuman action recognition has been identified as an important research topic in computer vision because it is an essential form of communication and interplay between computers and humans to assist computers in automatically recognizing human behaviors and accurately comprehending human intentions. Inspired by some keyframe extraction and multifeatured fusion research, this paper improved the accuracy of action recognition by utilizing keyframe features and fusing them with video features. In this article, we suggest a novel multi-stream approach architecture made up of two distinct models fused using different fusion techniques. The first model combines convolutional neural networks in two-dimensional (2D-CNN) with long-short term memory networks to glean long-term spatial and temporal features from video keyframe images for human action recognition. The second model is a three-dimensional convolutional neural network (3D-CNN) that gathers quick spatial–temporal features from video clips. Subsequently, two frameworks are put forth to explain how various fusion structures can improve the performance of action recognition. We investigate methods for video action recognition using early and late fusion. While the late-fusion framework addresses the decision fusion from the two models' choices for action recognition, the early-fusion framework examines the impact of early feature fusion of the two models for action recognition. The various fusion techniques investigate how much each spatial and temporal feature influences the recognition model's accuracy. The HMDB-51 and UCF-101 datasets are two important action recognition benchmarks used to evaluate our method. When applied to the HMDB-51 dataset and the UCF-101 dataset, the early-fusion strategy achieves an accuracy of 70.1 and 95.5%, respectively, while the late-fusion strategy achieves an accuracy of 77.7 and 97.5%, respectively.
Revisit: derivation of induction heating power equation for a conductive metal sphere
Authors: Lu Junfeng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCurrently, we are in the research of magnetic induction heating by using conductive metal particles. The technology (comes from a phenomenon known as the “skin effect”) generates heat produced by electrical eddy currents on metal particle’s surfaces. However, till now, the power equation to describe the energy consumption of the eddy current on a single particle surface still remains ambiguous. William R. Smythe derived this equation for metal ball. A minor error was clearly located in his derivation result. Today, similar ambiguous power equation is still adopted by researchers. In order to clarify this ambiguous situation and make our further deep study on particle-based induction heating process, in this paper, I revisit the derivation of the power equation with richful results.
Water management scheme based on prioritized deep deterministic policy gradient for proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Authors: Xiang De , Cheng Yijun , Li Qingxian , Wang Qiong , Liu Liangjiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo effectively tackle the intricate and dynamic challenges encountered in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), this paper introduces a model-free reinforcement learning approach to address its water management issue. Recognizing the limitations of conventional reinforcement learning methods such as Q-learning in handling the continuous actions and nonlinearity inherent in PEMFCs water management, we propose a prioritized deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) method. This method, rooted in the Actor-Critic framework, leverages double neural networks and prioritized experience replay to enable adaptive water management and balance. Additionally, we establish a PEMFCs water management platform and implement the prioritized DDPG method using "Tianshou", a modularized Python library for deep reinforcement learning. Through experimentation, the effectiveness of our proposed method is verified. This study contributes to advancing the understanding and management of water dynamics in PEMFCs, offering a promising avenue for enhancing their performance and reliability.
Paving the Way for the Electrified Future of Flight: Safety Criteria Development for Integrating Structural Batteries in Aircraft
Authors: Di Mauro G. , Guida M. , Olivares G. , Gomez L. M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Within the global push towards environmental sustainability, the aviation industry is increasingly investigating electrification as a potential solution to reduce emissions and combat climate change. However, traditional battery integration faces significant drawbacks due to their limited energy and power densities, which negatively impact aircraft weight and performance. In this scenario, structural batteries are gaining interest, since they combine energy storage and load-bearing capabilities in multifunctional material structures, thus potentially eliminating barriers to the electrification of the air transport sector. While this novel technology holds immense potential, its integration raises new and unique airworthiness concerns. The present activity aims to support the development of aircraft certification requirements for structural batteries. Recognizing the dual nature of this technology, the proposed approach seeks to maintain or even enhance the current level of safety in both normal and emergency flight conditions.
Effect of olive-pruning fibres as reinforcements of alkali-activated cements based on electric arc furnace slag and biomass bottom ash
Authors: Gómez-Casero M. A. , Sánchez-Soto P. J. , Castro E. , Eliche-Quesada D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this work, alkali-activated composites using electric arc furnace slag (50 wt%) and biomass bottom ash (50 wt%) were manufactured, adding olive-pruning fibres as reinforcement. The objective of adding fibres is to improve the flexural strength of composites, as well as to prevent the expansion of cracks as a result of shrinkage. For this reason, composites reinforced with olive-pruning fibres (0.5–2 wt%) untreated and treated with three different solutions to improve matrix–fibre adhesion were manufactured. Treatments developed over fibres were a 10 wt% Na2SiO3 solution, 3 wt% CaCl2 solution and 5 wt% NaOH solution. Mechanical properties, physical properties, thermal properties and the microstructure of composites by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were studied to demonstrate the improvement. Alkaline treatment degraded fibre surface, increasing the matrix–fibre adhesion, and as a consequence, flexural strength increased up to 20% at 90 days of curing. Optimal results were obtained with composites reinforced with 1 wt% of olive-pruning fibre treated by a 10 wt% Na2SiO3 solution. Higher quantity of olive-pruning fibre leads to local agglomeration, which weakens the matrix–fibre adhesion. The effect on the compressive strength is less evident, since the addition of fibres produces an admissible decrease (between 0 and 9% using 0.5 or 1 wt% of fibres), except in composites that use olive pruning treated with 10 wt% Na2SiO3 solution, where values remain stable, similar or better to control paste. A greater ductility of the matrix in all composites was observed. Furthermore, the alkali-activated cement matrix was bonded to olive-pruning fibre better than untreated fibre, as it is shown in SEM images. Thus, the results showed that olive-pruning fibres could be used as reinforcement in the manufacturing of alkali-activated materials when they are treated with alkali solutions.
Impact of the Higher-Order Reactive Nonlinearity on High-Amplitude Dissipative Solitons
Authors: Latas S. C. , Ferreira M. F. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this work, the impact of the higher-order reactive nonlinearity on very high-amplitude solitons of the cubic–quintic complex Ginzburg–Landau equation is investigated. These high amplitude pulses were found in a previous work in the normal and anomalous dispersion regimes, starting from a singularity found by Akhmediev et al. We focus mainly in the normal dispersion regime, where the energy of such pulses is particularly high. In the presence of the higher-order reactive nonlinearity effect, pulse formation are observed for much higher absolute values of dispersion. Under such effect, the amplitude and the energy of the VHA pulses decrease, while their spectral range shrinks. Numerical computations are in good agreement with the predictions based on the method of moments, in the absence of the higher-order reactive nonlinearity effect. However, in the presence of this effect such agreement becomes mainly qualitative. A region of existence of the very high-amplitude pulses was found in the semi-plane defined by the normal dispersion and nonlinear gain.
Data sharing and exchanging with incentive and optimization: a survey
Authors: Liu Liyuan , Han Meng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs the landscape of big data evolves, the paradigm of data sharing and exchanging has gained paramount importance. Nonetheless, the transition to efficient data sharing and exchanging is laden with challenges. One of the principal challenges is incentivizing diverse users to partake in the data sharing and exchange process. Users, especially those in potential competitive positions, often exhibit reluctance towards sharing or exchanging their data, particularly if they perceive the rewards as inadequate. Given this context, it’s imperative to institute an incentive mechanism that’s not only computationally efficient and secure but also provides both monetary and trustworthy inducements. This study introduces a taxonomy of incentive-based data sharing and exchanging, structured around its lifecycle, and elucidates the challenges inherent in each phase. We classify incentive mechanisms into monetary and non-monetary categories, postulating that the concomitant use of both types of incentives is more effective for data sharing and exchanging applications. Subsequent sections provide an overview of extant literature pertinent to each phase of the data sharing and exchanging lifecycle. In conclusion, we underscore the prevailing challenges in this domain and advocate for intensified efforts to refine the design of incentive mechanisms in data sharing and exchanging.
Formation of secondary microplastics during degradation of plastics originating from the MV X-Press Pearl maritime disaster
Authors: Gunawardhana G. M. S. S. , Perera U. L. H. P. , Ratnayake Amila Sandaruwan , Weerasingha W. A. D. B. , Subasinghe H. C. S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe MV X-Press Pearl maritime incident had a profound impact on the marine and coastal ecosystems along the west coast of Sri Lanka. Considerable quantities of plastic pellets, specifically nurdles or pellets measuring less than 5 mm and estimated at 1680 tonnes, were released into the Indian Ocean. A notable portion of these plastic pellets/primary microplastics (MPs), has the potential to degrade into secondary MPs. The objective of this study was to investigate and understand the degradation process of plastic pellets into secondary MPs under the extreme conditions of fire and exposure to chemicals during the MV X-Press Pearl maritime disaster. Beach sand samples were collected from 40 locations along the affected west coast of Sri Lanka, at both mean sea level and the berm. An additional 20 samples were collected for a background study covering the entire coastline of Sri Lanka. The Wet Peroxide Oxidation (WPO) process was employed to separate microplastics, and observations of secondary MP quantities were recorded. Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis was carried out to identify functional groups of MPs. The variance in average values of secondary MPs at mean sea level (large MPs (i.e. size > 0. 5 mm) = 33 ± 56 items per 1 mm2 and total MPs (i.e. observed through microscope under 40× magnification) = 61 ± 66 items per 1 mm2) and the berm (large = 61 ± 154 items per 1 mm2 and total MPs = 106 ± 165 items per 1 mm2) suggested significant dispersal of large quantities of MPs to other areas in the Indian Ocean with oceanic currents. The baseline average value of secondary total MPs in other coastal areas of the country was approximately 53 ± 66 items per 1 mm2. The positive correlation between large and total secondary MPs and plastic pellets pollution index indicates that a considerable amount of plastic pellets were degraded into secondary MPs within 6 to 8 days after the accident, under the influence of nitric acid and heat/fire. These secondary MPs are mainly composed of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), as identified by FTIR observations. Consequently, these lightweight polymers have the potential to spread across a wider region, posing a severe environmental threat on a global scale as a transoceanic marine pollutant.
Attitude maneuver planning and robust tracking control for flexible satellite
Authors: Sun L. , Duan S. , Huang H. , Zhang T. , Zhao X. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the attitude manoeuver planning and tracking control of the flexible satellite equipped with a coilable mast. Due to its flexible beamlike structure, the coilable mast experiences bending and torsional modal vibrations in multi-direction. The complex nonlinear coupling and other external disturbances significantly impact the achievement of high-precision attitude control. To overcome these challenges, a robust attitude tracking controller is proposed for easy implementation by the Attitude Determination and Control System (ADCS). The controller consists of a disturbance compensator, feedforward controller and output feedback controller. The compensator, based on a Nonlinear Disturbance Observer (NDO), effectively compensates for the cluster disturbances caused by vibrations, environmental factors and parameter perturbations. The feedforward controller tracks the desired path in the nominal satellite model. Furthermore, the output feedback controller enables large-angle manoeuver control of the satellite and evaluates the suppression effect of the controlled output on the observation error of cluster disturbances used the${L_2}$-gain. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed controller successfully achieves high-precision attitude tracking control during large-angle manoeuvering.
Snake words in Estonia: Language, nature and extinction in Andrus Kivirähk’s The Man Who Spoke Snakish
Authors: Howard Alfie , Nelson Diane 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article discusses Estonian author Andrus Kivirähk’s novel The Man Who Spoke Snakish in the context of language extinction and biocultural diversity. The novel is set in Medieval Estonia, but the viewpoint of the protagonist as a speaker of a vanishing language from a vanishing culture resonates with the lived experience of millions of people who have lost lifeways and livelihoods to colonisation and cultural assimilation. The fictitious language of Snakish allows its speakers to integrate fully into the natural world and to form complex interdependent relationships with non-human animals. This web of nature, culture and language is destroyed by a colonising society that is anthropocentric, ecologically destructive and socially hierarchical, and which views nature as something to exploit or fear. The novel explores the emotions of grief and loss for both a culture and an ecosystem heading for extinction.
Finite skew braces of square-free order and supersolubility
Authors: Ballester-Bolinches A. , Esteban-Romero R. , Ferrara M. , Pérez-Calabuig V. , Trombetti M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to studysupersolubleskew braces, a class of skew braces that encompasses all finite skew braces of square-free order. It turns out that finite supersoluble skew braces have Sylow towers and that in an arbitrary supersoluble skew braceBmany relevant skew brace-theoretical properties are easier to identify: For example, a centrally nilpotent ideal ofBisB-centrally nilpotent, a fact that simplifies the computational search for the Fitting ideal; also,Bhas finite multipermutational level if and only if$(B,+)$is nilpotent.Given a finite presentation of the structure skew brace$G(X,r)$associated with a finite nondegenerate solution of the Yang–Baxter equation (YBE), there is an algorithm that decides if$G(X,r)$is supersoluble or not. Moreover, supersoluble skew braces are examples of almost polycyclic skew braces, so they give rise to solutions of the YBE on which one can algorithmically work on.
Strategies, Symbols, and Subjectivities: The Continuities between War Rape and Lesbo-Phobic Rape
Authors: Westman Claire Stephanie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractResearch into war rape has shown that rape is not incidental to the general violence of war but is instead an integral part of war strategies. Such research makes it clear that in the context of war, rape serves to injure women on an individual level, but has the more strategic effect of fracturing communal bonds. Similarly, the growing body of research investigating the reasons for, and consequences of, the rape of lesbian women, indicates that these rapes have far-reaching consequences for lesbian communities and serves to reinforce patriarchal heteronormativity. While there is much research around both war and lesbo-phobic rape, the aim of this paper is to bring this research together in order examine lesbo-phobic rape through the lens of war rape theory. This paper aims to show how both “forms” of rape appear to hinge on the meanings assigned to women during peacetime and how both lead to the destruction of individual victims and their communities, while bolstering the subjectivities of the perpetrators and increasing the bonds of those complicit in such violence. The use of the theoretical understandings of war rape thus enriches the understandings of lesbo-phobic rape and shows that there are many continuities between the two.
The impact of fluphenazine withdrawal: a mirror-image study
Authors: Meehan S. , Moran S. , Rainford A. , McDonald C. , Hallahan B. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground:Fluphenazine decanoate licenced as a long-acting injectable (LAI) first-generation antipsychotic (FGA) was withdrawn from sale in 2018. This study evaluates if its withdrawal resulted in increased relapse rates of psychosis in an Irish patient cohort and examines which prescribed alternative antipsychotic medications were associated with more optimal outcomes.Methods:Fifteen participants diagnosed with a psychotic disorder were included. A mirror-image study over 24-months’ pre-and post-withdrawal of fluphenazine was conducted. Kaplan-Meier survival and proportional hazards analyses were conducted. The impact of alternate antipsychotic agents (LAI flupenthixol compared to other antipsychotic medications) was evaluated. Semi-structured interviews with participants examined subjective opinions regarding the change in their treatment.Results:Seven participants (46.7%) relapsed in the 24-month period subsequent to fluphenazine discontinuation compared to one individual (6.7%) in the previous identical time-period (p = 0.035). Flupenthixol treatment was associated with reduced relapse rates compared to other antipsychotics (χ2 = 5.402, p = 0.02). Thematic analysis revealed that participants believed that the discontinuation of fluphenazine deleteriously impacted the stability of their mental disorder.Conclusion:The withdrawal of fluphenazine was associated with increased relapse rate in individuals previously demonstrating stability of their psychotic disorder. While acknowledging the limitation of small sample size, preliminary evidence from this study suggests that treatment with the first-generation antipsychotic (FGA) flupenthixol was associated with a lower risk of relapse compared to SGAs. Reasons for this lower risk of relapse are not fully clear but could be related to dopamine hypersensitivity with this treatment change.
Tohfeye Ziyarat (Souvenir of Pilgrimage): Religious Mobility and Public Health in Late Qajar Iran, c. 1890–1904
Authors: Eskandari Sarah 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFollowing the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, long-distance pilgrimage to Islamic holy sites expanded and quickened, resulting in the spread of cholera among travelers. The necessity of taking circuitous routes to holy cities both inside and outside Iran significantly exacerbated the spread of cholera. Although potential factors such as inadequate public health infrastructure and ineffective quarantine measures contributed to the dissemination of cholera, overall religious mobility in the form of pilgrimage primarily factored behind cholera's spread. Analyzing the influence of religious mobility and rituals sheds light on how pilgrims, as contagions, dealt with the pandemic and the treatment they received from authorities, members of host societies, and individuals within and outside Iran during the cholera pandemics of the1890s and early 1900s.
Local flow topology of a polymer-laden turbulent boundary layer
Authors: Warwaruk Lucas , Ghaemi Sina 
Published: March 2024

Fine-scale flow motions are measured in a Newtonian and polymer drag-reduced turbulent boundary layer (TBL) at a common momentum thickness Reynolds number

$Re_{\theta }$

of 2300. Relative to the Newtonian TBL, the polymer-laden flow has a 33 % lower skin-friction coefficient. Three-dimensional (3-D) particle tracking velocimetry is used to measure the components of the velocity gradient tensor (VGT), rate of deformation tensor (RDT) and rate of rotation tensor (RRT). The invariants in these tensors are then used to distinguish the different types of fine-scale flow motions – a method called the

$\varDelta$

-criterion. Joint probability density functions (j.p.d.f.s) of the VGT invariants,

$Q$

and

$R$

, for the Newtonian TBL produce the familiar tear-drop pattern, commonly seen in direct numerical simulations of Newtonian turbulence. Relative to the Newtonian TBL, the polymer-laden flow has significantly attenuated values of

$R$

, implying an overall reduction in fluid stretching. The invariants in the RDT,

$Q_D$

and

$R_D$

, imply that straining motions of the polymeric flow are more two dimensional compared with the Newtonian flow. Moreover, j.p.d.f.s of

$Q_D$

and the invariant in the RRT

$Q_W$

, suggest that the flow consists of fewer biaxial extensional events and more shear-dominated flow. Few, if any, experimental investigations have measured the 3-D structure of fine-scale motions in a Newtonian and polymer drag-reduced TBL using the

$\varDelta$

-criterion. We provide the first experimental evidence that supports the notion that an attenuation of fluid stretching, particularly biaxial straining motions, is central to the mechanism of polymer drag reduction.