bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential sensitivity of functional subsets of t cells to the cytotoxicity of natural t‐lymphocytotoxic autoantibody of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Koike Takao , Kobayashi Seiichi , Yoshiki Takashi , Itoh Tetsuo , Shirai Toshikazu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA naturally occurring T‐lymphocytotoxic autoantibody (Hu‐NTA) in serum from a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) showed a differential cytotoxic effect on functionally different T cell subsets as did natural thymocytotoxic autoantibody (NTA) of NZB mice. When the normal peripheral blood lymphocytes were treated, in the presence of complement, with Hu‐NTA at a dilution that eliminated 25 to 30% of Hu‐NTA‐sensitive T cells, there was a marked reduction or a total depletion in the ability of resultant cells to show Con A‐activated suppression on the proliferative response of responder cells in mixed lymphocyte reaction. The treatment of PBL in the same manner also resulted in a marked reduction in its responsiveness to Con A and PHA. However, the responder cells to allogeneic stimulator cells in MLR were found to be much more resistant to the cytotoxicity of Hu‐NTA than other functional T cell subsets tested. These results suggest that Hu‐NTA is responsible for the selective loss of certain functional T cell subsets including suppressor T cells in patients with SLE.
Detection of intermediate complexes by evaluation of the difference between γ‐globulin and igg concentrations
Authors: Nardella Francis A. , Gilliland Bruce C. , Mannik Mart 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA simple analysis based on techniques readily available in the routine clinical laboratory has been presented for identification of patients with moderate and high levels of intermediate complexes. If the γ‐globulin concentration determined by serum protein electrophoresis minus the IgG concentration determined by radial immunodiffusion exceeds 1.0 gm/dl, intermediate complexes of IgG should be present in concentrations greater than 0.5 gm/dl. In principle, any disease association with sufficient polymerization of IgG might cause an abnormal result with this analysis. Furthermore, sera from patients with liver disease and marked β‐γ bridging on electrophoresis may also give abnormal values.
Atlantoaxial subluxation as a complication of early ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Sorin Steven , Askari Ali , Moskowitz Roland W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAtlantoaxial subluxation is uncommon in ankylosing spondylitis, especially early in the course of the disease. Two patients are described in whom atlantoaxial subluxation occurred early in the course of otherwise typical ankylosing spondylitis. The presumed mechanism is localized synovitis producing laxity or rupture of the transverse ligament. Cervical roentgenograms in maximal flexion and extension are necessary to evaluate both the degree of subluxation and the risk of cord compression.
Comparison of Three Immunoassays for Immune Complexes in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Gupta Ramesh C. , Mcduffie Frederic C. , Huston Kent A. , Tappeiner Gerhard , Meurer Michael , Jordon Robert E. , Luthra Harvinder S. , Hunder Gene G. , Ilstrup Duane 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree widely used radioassays that depend on different principles for the measurement of circulating immune complexes (CIC) in biologic fluids are the monoclonal rheumatoid factor (mRF), Raji cell, and C1q binding tests. A comparison of the ability of these methods to measure immune complex‐like material in 71 sera and 30 synovial fluids of 91 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was carried out by a group working in adjacent laboratories in a single institution. The highest number of abnormal levels in the seropositive group was detected by the C1q binding assay (91%). Levels of CIC by the mRF and Raji cell tests were elevated in 81% and 76% of the patients, respectively. The closest correlation was between the Raji and mRF cell tests (r = 0.44 and P = 0.002) although one depends on complement fixation and one does not. Though significant correlations between the levels of CIC determined by the Clq test and either the mRF (P = 0.2) or Raji cell (P = 0.3) assay were not found in this group, 59% of the samples had elevated levels by all three tests. The frequency of CIC in the sera of patients with seronegative RA was much lower, with the Clq test again giving the highest number of abnormal results (29% versus 16% and 12% for the Raji and mRF tests). In view of the technical problems associated with these tests, particularly lack of a uniform reliable standard, it is likely that all three tests measure the same material in most RA sera and that some of the differences observed are related to inherent variability in the tests themselves rather than intrinsic differences among the CIC detected in these samples.
Congenital Contractual Arachnodactyly
Authors: Mirise Raymond T. , Shear Stuart 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA previously unreported case of congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA) is described. This hereditary connective tissue abnormality resembles Marfan's syndrome in certain respects, but is characterized by camptodactyly rather than joint laxity, as well as by congenital contractural deformities of the knees and elbows. In addition, there is a peculiar, fairly characteristic deformity of the external ear. Like Marfan's syndrome, it is transmitted in autosomal dominant fashion. Despite the superficial skeletal resemblance, however, the cardiovascular and ocular complications of Marfan's do not seem to occur and therefore differentiation of the two syndromes is important.
Acute Metabolic Effects of Nitrogen Mustard and Thiotepa on Rabbit Articular Cartilage and Synovium
Authors: Mankin Henry J. , Lippiello Louis 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMetabolic alterations in immature rabbit joint tissues were examined following in vitro and in vivo exposure to the alkylating agents Thiotepa and nitrogen mustard. Brief exposure in vitro to either agent resulted in marked suppression of incorporation of radiolabeled precursors of protein, RNA, and glycosaminoglycan synthesis in articular cartilage, which was partially reversible after Thiotepa exposure. In vivo, nitrogen mustard had little effect on synovium and transient inhibitory effects on cartilage vital processes, whereas Thiotepa caused a prolonged inhibition of synovial metabolism with little effect on cartilage. Autoradiographic localization of labeled agents indicated that synovial tissue and cartilage were readily penetrated by nitrogen mustard, but only a few synovial lining cells and superficial chondrocytes were labeled with 35S‐Thiotepa. Furthermore, trypsin significantly reduced labeling of cartilage with 14C‐nitrogen mustard. These data suggest that alkylating agents differentially affect metabolic processes in joint tissues in vivo and that with Thiotepa, this interference occurs primarily in the synovium. The degree of interference is apparently dependent upon time of exposure to the agents and the relative DNA‐RNA synthetic activity of the joint tissue.
Synovial permeability in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Simkin Peter A. , Pizzorno Joseph E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn patients with rheumatoid arthritis, as well as in persons with other kinds of synovitis, proteins enter the knee joint more rapidly than in normal individuals (P < 0.001). The rheumatoid synovium, however, is less permeable to small molecules (tritiated water, P < 0.02; urate, P < 0.05; and glucose, P < 0.002) than is the normal joint lining. This difference is explained if rheumatoid microvascular changes enhance synovial permeability to proteins while coexisting interstitial changes diminish synovial permeability to smaller molecules.
Increased C1q binding immune complexes in felty's syndrome
Authors: Hurd Eric R. , Chubick Andrew , Jasin Hugo E. , Ziff Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera from patients with Felty's syndrome (FS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were examined for the presence of circulating immune complexes (IC) by using the 125I‐C1q binding and monoclonal rheumatoid factor (mRF) techniques. Of 15 patients with FS, 9 (60%) had high 125I‐C1q binding as compared to 3 of 26 RA patients (12%). The average C1q binding was significantly higher in the FS patients than in the RA patients without FS. C1q binding in both FS and RA patients was significantly higher than a group of 90 normal controls. In addition, serum C4 levels were significantly lower in the FS patients than in the RA patients. In contrast to these findings, IC levels in FS and RA patients were very similar when measured by the mRF technique. These studies indicate that FS patients have higher levels of complement‐fixing IC in their sera than RA patients without FS. These findings raise the possibility that the complement‐fixing IC found in these patients may play a role in the pathogenesis of the neutropenia of FS.
Arthritis associated with jejunoileal bypass
Authors: Zapanta Merle , Aldo‐Benson Marlene , Biegel Angenieta , Madura James 
Published: February 2007

AbstractArthritis is a common complication of small bowel bypass, occurring in 5–20% of the postsurgical patients. Thirteen patients with arthritis related to jejunoileal bypass were studied. These patients had a symmetrical polyarthritis, and 8 also had extraarticular connective tissue disease manifestations. Immunologic evaluations were done on these patients and on a control group of 12 age‐ and sex‐matched postintestinal bypass patients without arthritis. The incidence of positive ANA, rheumatoid factors, immune complexes, and antibodies to intestinal flora was the same in both groups. Patients in both groups showed similar changes in numbers of circulating T and B lymphocytes. More patients in the group with arthritis than in the control group had elevated IgA levels (38% versus 8%), but the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). This study demonstrates that immunologic abnormalities occur after jejeunoileal bypass irrespective of the onset of arthritis or related symptoms. No specific immunologic abnormalities could be associated with the arthritis occurring after small bowel bypass.
Clearance of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in vivo
Authors: Mccarty Daniel J. , Palmer David W. , Halverson Paul B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSynthetic triclinic calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals were uniformly trace‐labeled with Ytterbium‐169 (169Yb), a pure gamma‐emitting isotope with a halflife of 31 days. The solubility of the labeled crystals was similar to that of cold synthetic crystals. The clearance rate of labeled sterile crystals, sieved to obtain the desired size, was determined after injection of microgram quantities into 4 arthritic human and 3 normal adult rabbit joints and corrected by the observed rate of clearance of free 169Yb. The derived rate constants were then used to calculate the time required for half of the injected dose of CPPD to be cleared from the joint. Crystal clearance was found in all instances. Crystal removal from normal rabbit joints was much more rapid than from the much larger human arthritic joints and was inversely proportional to the size of the crystals injected.
EFFECT OF SALICYLATE ON PROTEOGLYCAN METABOLISM IN NORMAL CANINE ARTICULAR CARTILAGE IN VITRO
Authors: Palmoski Marshall J. , Brandt Kenneth D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn osteoarthritis, diminished aggregation of articular cartilage proteoglycans affects tissue biomechanics. Since salicylates are commonly employed in treatment of osteoarthritis, we examined the effect of sodium salicylate on proteoglycan metabolism and aggregation in normal canine articular cartilage. At salicylate concentrations of 10−3 M, 5 x 10−3 M and 10−2 M, net proteoglycan synthesis in normal canine articular cartilage was 73%, 42%, and 16%, respectively, of control levels. Catabolism of glycosaminoglycans in the presence of 10−3 M salicylate (which corresponds to a serum salicylate level of 20–25 mg %) was the same as that in control cartilage, while higher concentrations of the drug increased the rate of degradation. The hydrodynamic size of newly synthesized proteoglycan aggregates and of disaggregated proteoglycans was unaffected by sodium salicylate.
Continuing education in rheumatoid arthritis for the primary care physician
Authors: Stross Jeoffrey K. , Bole Giles G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn educational program in rheumatoid arthritis was developed for primary care practitioners. This program is community based and utilizes physicians, identified by their peers as being influential, for the dissemination of information. A marked change in knowledge has been noted in those completing the program, but further followup is needed to determine if a change in the care of patients with rheumatoid arthritis will also result.
Disappearing lumbar hyperostosis in a patient with forestier's disease: An ominous sign
Authors: Chaiton Abe , Fam Adel , Charles Bruce 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForestier's disease, ankylosing hyperostosis of the spine, or diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH), is a relatively common disorder affecting middle aged and elderly individuals (1–11). It is characterized by a distinctive type of spinal ossification. Extraspinal heterotropic ossifications at sites of ligamentous and tendinous attachments are not uncommon (2,4,7,9–11). Although frequently asymptomatic, many patients complain of spinal stiffness and backache (2,4,9,11). Pathologic and radiologic studies have shown that the abnormal ossification process is a slowly progressive one, which may take several years for its completion (2,5,8,11).We report here a 77‐year‐old man who developed progressive backache which was initially thought to result from advanced diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. Serial radiographs, however, showed progressive disappearance of the distinctive lumbar hyperostosis. He was later discovered to have a leaking abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Pharmacokinetic monitoring of salicylate therapy in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Pachman Lauren M. , Olufs Richard , Procknal Josephine A. , Levy Gerhard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFree and total (sum of free and protein bound) salicylate concentrations in serum were determined in 17 children (age: 4–17 years) with definite juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. These measurements were carried out immediately before and 2,4, and 8 hours after the morning dose during a strict 8 hourly aspirin treatment regimen (regular tablets) started 5 days earlier. The ratio of the 0 to 8 hour total salicylate concentrations was 0.95 ± 0.10 (mean ± SD), indicating that steady state had been attained. The ratio of the maximum to minimum concentrations during the dosing interval ranged from 1.05 to 2.26 and decreased with increasing average concentration. The concentration ratio was less than 1.3 at average salicylate concentrations above 20 mg/100 ml. It is concluded that the timing of a blood sample is not critical for monitoring steady state serum salicylate concentrations in the usual therapeutic range if the dosing interval is 8 hours or less. Free salicylate concentrations increased more than proportionately with increasing total concentrations due to the concentration dependent protein binding of the drug in serum.
Search for epstein‐barr and type c oncornaviruses in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Hicks John T. , Aulakh Gurmit S. , Mcgrath Philip P. , Washington Glennelle C. , Kim Elizabeth , Alepa F. Paul 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphoblastoid cell lines were derived from patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus by allowing spontaneous transformation of peripheral B lymphocytes (B cells) harboring endogenous Epstein‐Barr virus or by superinfecting peripheral lymphocytes with exogeneous Epstein‐Barr virus. Results of extensive studies aimed at identifying type C oncornaviruses in these lymphoblastoid cells were entirely negative by electron microscopy, DNA‐DNA hybridization, reverse transcriptase assays, and cocultivation experiments. These results do not support the postulated association of oncornavirus infection in human systemic erythematosus.
Deposition of antibodies to a soluble cytoplasmic antigen in the kidneys of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Maddison Peter J. , Reichlin Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were studied whose sera contained precipitating anti‐bodies to a soluble cytoplasmic antigen, termed Ro. A reduction in the amount of these antibodies in each case was accompanied by a deterioration in the clinical status with the development of nephritis leading to death. Acid elution of gamma globulin was performed from homogenates of the renal cortex, and in both instances antibodies to Ro were demonstrated in the eluates by double immunodiffusion. The titer of these antibodies was measured in both sera and eluates, and specific enrichment of anti‐Ro in the eluates was demonstrated in both patients. This strongly suggests the direct participation of Ro‐anti‐Ro immune complexes in the progressive renal disease and may underlie the association seen here between the decreasing serum titers of antibodies to Ro and the clinical deterioration in these two cases.
Glycosaminoglycan synthesis and glucose uptake by rheumatoid and nonrheumatoid fibroblastic cells in culture
Authors: Anastassiades Tassos P. , Ley Janice , Wood Anne 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGlycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis and glucose uptake by rheumatoid (R) and nonrheumatoid (NR) synovial cells were studied at the second subculture during four different sets of nutritional conditions and at sequential, defined intervals of the growth cycle. Synovial fibroblastic cells in monolayer cultures secrete both hyaluronic acid and sulfated GAGs in a ratio of about 8:1. With increasing cell density the ability to sulfate GAGs appears to decrease. No significant differences in GAG synthesis between rheumatoid and nonrheumatoid lines on a per cell basis could be detected during any interval in the growth cycle. Similarly, no significant differences of glucose uptake per cell could be demonstrated between rheumatoid and nonrheumatoid lines under the various protocols applied throughout the growth cycle. The most important factor determining glucose uptake per cell is the availability of glucose in the medium which is in turn closely correlated with cell number.
Platelet aggregation and aggregation inhibition by different antiglobulins and antiglobulin complexes from sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Fink P. C. , Piening U. , Fricke M. , Deicher H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntiglobulin complexes were isolated from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) sera in order to investigate their ability to aggregate human platelets and to influence platelet aggregation induced by heat‐aggregated IgG. Eleven of 38 seropositive RA sera showed a significant platelet aggregation (PA) titer as compared to 40 normal control sera. No correlation was observed between sheep T cell agglutination titers and PA titers of individual sera. Ten of 22 RA antiglobulin preparations containing IgG, IgM, and IgA antiglobulins and antiglobulin complexes also showed positive PA tests. Such preparations were able to inhibit PA brought about by heat‐aggregated human IgG. When IgG and IgM antiglobulins were tested separately, only IgM antiglobulins showed this inhibitory effect, whereas IgG antiglobulins were inactive. Neither IgG nor IgM antiglobulins induced PA alone. Reassociated IgG antiglobulin complexes consisting of carefully prepared IgG and isolated IgG antiglobulins were able to induce PA. Platelet aggregation by RA sera was thus shown to be due to IgG antiglobulin complexes present in the sera. It can be concluded from these experiments that the composition of antiglobulin complexes in individual sera comprised of antiglobulins of different classes and IgG “antigen” is responsible for PA results in vitro. In pathophysiologic terms, the reaction of IgG antiglobulin complexes with thrombocytes in vivo may be an important step in the chain of events leading to generalized vascular damage and deposition of immune complexes in vessel walls which is thought to be responsible for the development of generalized vasculitis in RA.
Immunoblastic sarcoma with features of sjögren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus in a patient with immunoblastic lymphadenopathy
Authors: Pierce Donald A. , Stern Robert , Jaffe Ronald , Zulman Jules , Talal Norman 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA patient with immunoblastic lymphadenopathy and features of Sjögren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus is presented. Clinical features included generalized lymphadenopathy, rash, alopecia, and synovitis, with associated laboratory abnormalities of a positive antinuclear factor and double‐stranded DNA antibodies, positive lupus band test, and hemolytic anemia. Symptoms of Sjögren's syndrome included dry eyes and mouth and swollen parotid gland; biopsy results of the accessory salivary glands were positive. At autopsy immunoblastic sarcoma was found that involved the myocardium, which stained for both K and X light chains by immunoperoxidase techniques.
Does corticosteroid therapy affect the survival of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus?
Authors: Albert Daniel A. , Hadler Nortin M. , Ropes Marian W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe hypothesis that corticosteroid therapy is responsible for the striking improvement in survival of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was investigated with two approaches: Of 250 published papers on SLE, 52 were chosen for the first analysis because they included sufficient information on diagnostic criteria and survival but were not limited to patients selected for a particular target organ. From each article percent survival by series, average duration to death, and 1 and 5 year survival curves were abstracted. Each statistic showed linear improvement in survival since the 1930s without a significant change (P > 0.10) in slope for the time period following the introduction of corticosteroids. The second analysis examined the effect of corticosteroid therapy on 142 patients with SLE followed at the Massachusetts General Hospital between 1922 and 1966. Although the steroid use was conservative, the patients' survival, from year of entry, was comparable to the 52 abstracted series. A prognostic index was used to stratify patients admitted in the steroid era (after 1950) for life table analysis of survival with and without steroids. Steroids had no discernible effect on overall survival in low and medium risk groups. Use of steroids was associated with improved survival among high risk patients (P < 0.05).
Antigenic bacterial polysaccharide in rheumatoid synovial effusions
Authors: Bartholomew Lee E. , Bartholomew Frances N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPhenol‐water extracted rheumatoid synovial fluids and synovial fluid leukocytes contain an antigen immunologically identical to the Proprionibacterium group bacteria. The antigen was identified by counter‐immunoelectrophoresis in 70% of rheumatoid synovial fluid leukocyte pellets and in 60% of rheumatoid synovial fluids. It was also present in 6% of nonrheumatoid fluids and in 22% of nonrheumatoid inflammatory fluid leukocytes. Antigen was not detectable in synovial samples before extraction. Synovial and bacterial antigens were further purified by proteolytic digestion and Sepharose 4B column chromatography. Biochemical and enzymatic studies of bacterial and synovial antigens were similar and consistent with a high molecular weight polysaccharide. Serum antibody to bacterial and synovial antigens was significantly less frequent in rheumatoid sera than in normal controls. The significance of demonstrating a bacterial polysaccharide primarily in rheumatoid synovial effusions is discussed.