bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personalistic overtones in the realization of Enlightenment ideas (based on the history of the Illuminati Order)
Authors: Rozin Vadim Markovich 
Published: March 2024

The article considers one of the lines of understanding and realization of Enlightenment ideas, due to the peculiarities of the New European personality. A personality is an individual acting independently and therefore forced to build a world and private self-image that partially does not coincide with the generally accepted ones. Kant associates these features precisely with Enlightenment, with the competence to use one's mind without guidance from someone else. Two social institutions are considered, the young nation-state and the Catholic Church, striving to put the individual, Society and communities under their control and management. The author suggests that society and communities were created in response to the pressure and expansion of these social institutions. The similarities and differences of social institutions and communities represented by unions and orders are analyzed. The relations between these three subjects and social forces (institutions of church and state, Society and communities) were quite tense, there was a struggle between them, the result of which, on the one hand, was the demarcation and separation of zones of influence, on the other hand, the suppression of the enemy, which often turned out to be Society, communities and the individual. In this context, according to the author, a conspiracy discourse is emerging, which the closer to our time, the more it is used against communities and individuals. This struggle within the institutions of the state and the church, as well as in art, is illustrated by the example of the history of the Illuminati. The activities of the Illuminati and other Orders (communities) were directed by a New European personality who, as Kant wrote, aspired to adulthood, which was in contradiction with the desire of the state and the Catholic Church to direct and control the mind and actions of a person. The author believes that the confrontation of the individual, Society and communities with the state and its institutions persists in our time. Of course, we are talking about a certain type of personality, so to speak, Kantian, and not any; there are individuals and communities that support the state.
Enhancing neuro-ophthalmic surgical education: The role of neuroanatomy and 3D digital technologies – An overview
Authors: Mohammad Najah K. , Rajab Ibrahim Ali , Mutar Mohammed T. , Ismail Mustafa 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Neuro-ophthalmology, bridging neurology and ophthalmology, highlights the nervous system’s crucial role in vision, encompassing afferent and efferent pathways. The evolution of this field has emphasized the importance of neuroanatomy for precise surgical interventions, presenting educational challenges in blending complex anatomical knowledge with surgical skills. This review examines the interplay between neuroanatomy and surgical practices in neuro-ophthalmology, aiming to identify educational gaps and suggest improvements.

Methods:
A literature search across databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted, focusing on the implications of neuroanatomy in neuro-ophthalmic surgery education and practice. The review synthesizes insights from both recent and foundational studies to highlight current understandings and future research directions, particularly in educational approaches.

Results:
Findings indicate that 3D digital modeling and virtual reality have significantly enhanced neuroophthalmic surgical education by providing immersive and engaging learning experiences. For instance, detailed 3D brain atlases offer comprehensive resources for understanding the central nervous system’s normal and pathological states. Although studies show that 3D and traditional 2D methods achieve similar post-test results, 3D methods notably improve engagement and motivation, suggesting a shift toward more interactive learning environments.

Conclusion:
Integrating both traditional and innovative educational tools is crucial for the progression of neuro-ophthalmic surgical training. This balance helps overcome educational hurdles and better prepare future surgeons. Continuous research and collaboration are essential to refine educational strategies, ultimately aiming to enhance patient care in neuro-ophthalmology.
Diffusion tensor imaging combined with the dual-echo steady-state (DESS) protocol for the evaluation of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel: A preliminary study
Authors: Maki Yoshinori , Takayama Motohiro , Okawa Tsuyoshi , Goda Akio , Miyakoshi Akinori 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is diagnosed based on neurological, electrophysiology, and radiological findings. Due to the technical development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the median nerve is evaluated with several MRI protocols. However, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) combined with a dual-echo steady-state (DESS) protocol is not frequently used to evaluate the median nerve of CTS. This study aimed to evaluate the median nerve in the carpal tunnel using DTI combined with a DESS protocol.

Methods:
Five healthy volunteers and seven patients with CTS were enrolled. The patients underwent MRI for CTS pre- and post-operatively. The median nerve was evaluated using a 3-T MRI scanner. The parameters of the DESS protocol were as follows: Repetition time (TR)/echo time (TE) = 10.83/3.32 ms, slice thickness = 0.45 mm, field of view (FoV) = 350 × 253 × 350 mm, and 3D voxel size = 0.5 × 0.5 ×0.4 mm. The parameters of the DTI sequence were as follows: TR/TE = 4000/86 ms, slice thickness = 3 mm, FoV = 160 × 993 × 90 mm, 3D voxel size = 1.2 × 1.2 ×3.0 mm, and b value = 0.1000 s/mm2. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values of the median nerve were statistically analyzed. Statistical significance was set at P< 0.05.

Results:
The FA value of healthy volunteers was 0.576 ± 0.058, while those of the patients were 0.357 ± 0.094 and 0.395 ± 0.062 pre-and post-operatively, respectively. Statistically significant differences were identified between the FA values of healthy volunteers and pre-operative/post-operative patients. The ADC values of healthy volunteers and pre-operative patients were 0.931 ± 0.096 and 1.26 ± 0.282 (10-3 mm2/s), respectively (P< 0.05).

Conclusion:
This MRI protocol may be useful for evaluating the median nerve in the carpal tunnel.
Analysis of the impact of intraventricular hemorrhage on the functional outcome of ruptured anterior cerebral artery aneurysm after clipping
Authors: Sharma Amit Kumar , Mamualiya Ruhi , Agrawal Atul 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Various clinical symptoms and variables have been suggested as potential indicators of outcomes in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) resulting from ruptured intracranial aneurysms. The detailed discussion of the consequences of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), frequently reported in cases of anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms, is still pending. The study aimed to assess the results of aneurysm surgery performed early versus delayed in patients with SAH, specifically focusing on the occurrence of IVH.

Methods:
This study involved patients with ACoA aneurysms who experienced SAH and underwent microsurgical clipping of the aneurysm. A retrospective review was conducted on the patients’ medical records. The modified Rankin score was compared between two groups of patients based on the presence or absence of IVH.

Results:
Ninety-one participants (52 males and 39 females) were included in the study. The initial computed tomography scan showed that 20 patients (with a mean age of 51 ± 13.7 years) had IVH, while 71 patients (with a mean age of 45.8 ± 11.7 years) did not have any signs of IVH. The proportion of patients with poor functional outcomes after six months was 55% in the presence of IVH, compared to 25.4% in patients without IVH, indicating a significant difference in outcome between the two groups (P < 0.016).

Conclusion:
Patients with SAH having aneurysms located in the ACoA associated with the intraventricular hemorrhage had a poor functional outcome.
Botticelli
Authors: Colantoni Elizabeth 
Published: March 2024

This paper investigates Sandro Botticelli’s Chart of Hell by drawing on select canti and scenes from Dante Alighieri’s Inferno. The chosen episodes of Hell are examined to determine how Botticelli chose to represent them visually. Throughout this analysis, Botticelli’s knowledge and familiarity of The Divine Comedy and especially Inferno is made clear as he depicts key exchanges and characters whenever possible. Although it is a map, the image created is far from flat and static. This paper argues that Botticelli was able to create movement and narrative in his map. With the continued appearances of Dante the pilgrim and his guide Virgil, viewers are able to keep track of and follow these figures throughout their journey in Hell. Sandro Botticelli’s chart can therefore be interpreted in varying ways: chronologically (following their descent further into Hell, as is narrated in the poem) or all at once (as a visual overview of their journey).
THE INFLUENCE OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE, CASH TURNOVER, LEVERAGE, LIQUIDITY, COMPANY ACTIVITIES, AND COMPANY SIZE ON PROFITABILITY IN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIAN STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Gunawan Ripin , Susanto Jonson , Pratiwi Cyntia , Wulandari Bayu , Habibie Muhammad 
Published: March 2024

The purpose of conducting this research is to find out how variables such as capital structure, cash turnover, liquidity, leverage, company size and company activities influence the level of profitability of manufacturing companies on the BEI. Statistics collected from 76 manufacturing companies on the IDX were used in this research, which was carried out using a quantitative approach. This test uses data from financial reports published by sample companies at www.idx.co.id. The research was applied using multiple linear regression. The findings from this study indicate that capital structure, cash turnover, LEVERAGE, LIQUIDITY, company activities, and company size influence the level of individual company profitability. Overall, all these elements influence the level of profitability of a manufacturing company.

Keywords:	Capital Structure, Cash Turnover, Leverage, Liquidity, Company Activities, Company Size and Profitability
ANALYSIS OF TECHNOLOGY READINESS AT RURAL BANKS IN FACING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0 (CASE STUDY ON RURAL BANKS IN THE SPECIAL REGION OF YOGYAKARTA)
Authors: Laksana Dwi Hari , Satoto Shinta Heru 
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the readiness in adapting the use of information technology at Rural Banks to improve customer service during the covid-19 pandemic. This research is quantitative research conducted at the Rural Bank in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Samples are categorized based on the category of assets according to the book and location. This study uses 6 factors that are used to see the readiness to use information technology, namely management support, facilitating conditions, management knowledge, business environment, infrastructure development, and regional competitiveness. The results show that on average, Rural Banks in the Special Region of Yogyakarta have good readiness in facing the industrial revolution 4.0. Good readiness was demonstrated by Rural Banks that were categorized as Book 3 assets in the City of Yogyakarta and Rural Banks that were categorized as Book 2 assets in Bantul Yogyakarta.

Keywords:	information technology, rural bank readiness, management support, knowledge, business environment
Analisis Kinerja Lalu Lintas Simpang Tak Bersinyal (Studi Kasus: Simpang Elak Kota Lhokseumawe)
Authors: M Mukhlis , Malaysi Syibral , Mirza Ichsan , Hafli Teuku Mudi , Sarana David 
Published: March 2024

Simpang Elak kota Lhokseumawe merupakan simpang yang letaknya di jalan Nasional yaitu jalan Medan – Banda Aceh yang merupakan jalan lintas provinsi. Simpang Elak Kota Lhokseumawe melayani arus lalu lintas dari berbagai arah yaitu jalan lintas Medan – Banda Aceh, dan jalan Elak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui besarnya kinerja Simpang. Adapun survei arus lalu lintas yang dilakukan selama 1 minggu dimulai dari jam 07.00 - 18.00 WIB. Dan dilanjutkan dengan pengambilan data geometrik, selanjutnya dilakukan analisis kinerja simpang menggunakan Pedoman kapasitas Jalan Indonesia dan pengukuran tingkat pelayanan diukur berdasarkan PKJI 2014. Dari hasil analisis yang dilakukan dengan menghitung lalu lintas harian rata-rata selama 1 minggu menunjukkan volume lalu lintas sebesar 2217 skr/jam dengan kapasitas simpang 4618 skr/jam, derajat kejenuhan adalah 0.48 dan tundaan adalah 9.41 det/skr dengan tingkat pelayanan C. Derajat kejenuhan yang didapat masih dibawah batas minimal nilai derajat kejenuhan kurang dari 0.85 yaitu sebesar 0.48 menunjukkan bahwa kinerja simpang tersebut masih terkendali dengan karakteristik arus lalu lintas arus stabil, tetapi kecepatan gerak kendaraan dikendalikan. Dari hasil yang didapat maka simpang Elak kota Lhokseumawe masih belum perlu dilakukannya perbaikan desain simpang, karena derajat kejenuhan simpang Elak Kota Lhokseumawe masih di bawah batas minimal yang ditetapkan PKJI 2014.
Kekuatan Putusan Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU) Dalam Penegakan Hukum Persaingan Usaha
Authors: Praja W I Made Indra 
Published: March 2024

Kedudukan atau status dari KPPU dalam menjalankan fungsi kewenangannya menjadi hal yang sangat penting, mengingat Undang-Undang nomor 5 Tahun 1999 telah memberikan KPPU kewenangan yang sangat besar, sehingga menyerupai kewenangan lembaga peradilan (quasai judicial). Pasal 35 dan Pasal 36 Undang-Undang No. 5 Tahun 1999 secara tegas memberikan kewenangan yang sangat luas kepada KPPU untuk dapat berlaku sebagai penyidik, penuntut maupun sebagai pemutus terhadap kasus-kasus persaingan usaha. dalam konteks demikian maka timbul opini yang menganggap bahwa KPPU adalah sebagai peradilan khusus untuk kasus persaingan usaha. Dipandang dari sifat putusan KPPU yang otomatis memiliki kekuatan hukum tetap apabila terhadapnya tidak diajukan keberatan dan penegakan melalui mekanisme penetapan untuk eksekusi ke pengadilan negeri, maka proses hukum yang seharusnya melanjuti proses penegakan putusan KPPU adalah upaya hukum eksekusi, yang didasarkan kepada penetapan eksekusi pengadilan negeri. Putusan KPPU tidak bisa eksekusi oleh KPPU sendiri, karena dalam kepala putusan tidak mencantumkan irah-irah â€œDemi Keadilan Berdasarkan Ketuhan yang Maha Esaâ€.
Kekuatan Hukum Sertifikat Hak Atas Tanah Berdasarkan Prinsip Itikad Baik
Authors: Dirga I Nyoman 
Published: March 2024

This research aims to know the menganalisi and land that is already dominated by the subject of the law for many years and has been completed with the certificate. But still there is no outside parties are demanding land rights. How did with prisif in good faith as set forth in militate crustaceans land. Sehinggan need to see land registry implementation procedures in order to obtain the power of the law of the strongest, according to the Government Regulation Number 24 in 1997, the power of legal land rights Certificates according to the provisions of article 32 paragraph (2) the Government Regulation Number 24 in 1997 and the accountability of the Agency which issued the Certificate of land rights over the land containing juridical defect. The approach used in this study is Statutes Approach, as is the provision of article 32 paragraph (2) Government Regulation No. 24 of 1997 about the land registry, conceptual approach related provision of article 32, paragraph (2) Go-vernment Regulation No. 24 of 1997 about land registry and Analitical approach based on the provisions of article 32 paragraph (2) the Government Regulation number 24 in 1997 about the land registry.
CPCT image combination algorithm for 3D cephalometry
Authors: Burlakov Pavlo 
Published: March 2024

3D cefalometry as a method of diagnosis of orthodontic patients for treatment planning has many advantages over the classical adopted as the "gold standard" 2D, but its main disadvantage is the large retgenological load on the patient when conducting MSCT or CBCT of a large field of vision (FOV 25*25 cm). To develop an ALARA principle (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) diagnostic protocol and reduce the dose-area product (DAP) per patient during 3D orthodontic diagnostics (cephalometry) by combining CPCT images taken on a scanner with a smaller field of vision (FOV). Methods : CBCT images of the upper and lower jaw and temporo mandibular joints of the middle patients who sought dental assistance at the «Expir» clinic. Mimics Medical software (Materialise, Belgium) Based on our developed and patented method of cephalometric analysis DVB, it has been shown that it is possible to perform a cephalometry analysis and to plan orthodontic treatment on combined CBCT images and thus reduce the DAP for the patient to 1532 mGr*cm2. The digital approach to the improvement of diagnostic methods, developed in accordance with the ALARA principles, allows to improve the quality of orthodontic services and reduce the X-ray load on patients.
Impact of an Artificial Intelligence in Language Learning - A survey
Authors: Arul Raj Dr. D. Antony Arul Raj , Rukmani K. V. Rukmani , Rukmani Kiruthika C , Rukmani Praveen M , Rukmani Anandhachitan A 
Published: March 2024

Bully Scan, an artificial intelligence system for identifying offensive language on social media, is proposed in "A Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning-Based Framework to Automatically Identify Cyberbullying. This paradigm, which aims to reduce the negative impacts of cyberbullying and encourage healthy online interactions, is a critical step in using AI for social well-being. The paper, "Research and Practice of Hybrid Teaching Based on AI technology for Foreign Language Translation," offers a novel strategy for teaching foreign languages through the incorporation of AI. The project investigates a hybrid teaching approach that combines AI-powered language translation tools with conventional classroom training. This method seeks to improve accuracy and efficiency of language learning by providing real-time translation support. Through the use of AI technologies, such as machine learning and natural language processing, the system offers students helpful translation assistance, enhancing their educational experience. The study demonstrates encouraging outcomes in terms of raising students' proficiency and effectiveness in translation in a blended learning setting.
The paper "Modular Design of English Pronunciation Level Evaluation System Based on Deep Learning Algorithm" offers a novel method for determining pronunciation levels in English by utilizing deep learning algorithms. The study uses techniques like support vector machines and BP neural networks to address the problem of computational intensity in language teaching technologies. Through the application of machine deep learning, the system seeks to improve the precision and efficacy of pronunciation level assessments, providing insightful information for the development of theories for foreign language instruction in the rapidly changing field of artificial intelligence. The study's modular design approach offers a viable foundation for enhancing pronunciation assessment in language instruction.
Fluoride Varnish with Antibacterial Agents for Dental Caries Prevention: A Short Review on Its Fabrication
Authors: Cendikiawan Reagan , Eriwati Yosi Kusuma 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: In recent years, the medical field has begun to use medicinal plant in the manufacture of modern medicines. Most of the medicinal plants used have antibacterial properties such as cinnamon, clove, betel, and holy basil. These medicinal plants could be used in the manufacture of fluoride varnish to support antibacterial properties in preventing the development of dental caries. Objective: This study aimed to provide update review of medicinal plant used as antibacterial agent in the fabrication of fluoride varnish to prevent dental caries. Method: Data collection were carried out by searching the literature on article search sites, namely PubMed and Scopus which were published from 2017 to 2022. Data searches were carried out systematically using the keywords fluoride varnish, dental caries, antibacterial, and fabrication. The author performs data search, data selection, and data extraction. Results: Only nine articles were found after a thorough selection process and database search using search terms and keywords. Seven of the studies were in vitro study and two was randomized clinical trial (RCT). In the overall fluoride varnish efficacy study, adding medicinal plant as an antibacterial agent showed strong antibacterial action against S. mutans with great bacterial inhibition zone. Together with its constituent parts, the fabricating method, such as the temperature and stirring rate, influence the optimal result of fluoride varnish. Conclusion: The addition of medicinal plants and method modification in the fabrication of fluoride varnish showed potential antibacterial properties that enhance higher fluoride release.
Mihály Munkácsy’s Blind Milton Dictating Paradise Lost to His Daughters: Contemporary Views
Authors: Horbal Bogdan 
Published: March 2024

At the pick of his career, Mihály Munkácsy (1844–1900) was seen in the first rank of living artists. Many of his works were acquired by American collectors, including Blind Milton Dictating “Paradise Lost” to His Daughters. This large work had been displayed in many European cities before it arrived in New York City to be permanently displayed at the Lenox Library, the predecessor of the New York Public Library. The article discusses the marketing and the reception of the painting in the late 19th century.
Serendipity in the Archives
Authors: Reed Vivian 
Published: March 2024

Archives have a rather dull reputation. Boxes of dusty papers guarded by rigid access rules are unappealing to many people. However, there are exceptions to that preconception, notably the Hoover Institution Library and Archives. Hoover Archives has been a place of serendipity for me personally since 2009 when I was a graduate student. What began as a class project became a master’s thesis and launched a career as an independent historian. An astonishing collection of virtually unknown records combined with a wonderful array of people led the way to many adventures and publications. This is the story of how books and public histories are born – one person and one discovery at a time.
Sekretne życie książek (na przykładzie pewnego tomu z Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego)
Authors: Ososiński Tomasz 
Published: March 2024

Founded in 1945, the University Library of Lodz currently holds about 28,000 old prints, including twenty-one incunabula. Most of the collection came to Lodz immediately after the war, from former German collections in Prussia, Pomerania and Silesia. From Pomerania comes a very interesting private collection: the library of Peter Kameke (1541–1614), which was originally housed in a small church in Lassehne (today: Łasin). In this article, I describe one of the books from this collection in terms of provenance and reconstruct its journey through various libraries over the centuries. Using its example, I also analyze the various functions the book performed in the old days.