bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early prediction of ventricular peritoneal shunt dependency in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage patients by recurrent neural network-based machine learning using routine intensive care unit data
Authors: Schweingruber Nils , Bremer Jan , Wiehe Anton , Mader Marius Marc-Daniel , Mayer Christina , Woo Marcel Seungsu , Kluge Stefan , Grensemann Jörn , Quandt Fanny , Gempt Jens , Fischer Marlene , Thomalla Götz , Gerloff Christian , Sauvigny Jennifer , Czorlich Patrick 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) can lead to complications such as acute hydrocephalic congestion. Treatment of this acute condition often includes establishing an external ventricular drainage (EVD). However, chronic hydrocephalus develops in some patients, who then require placement of a permanent ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt. The aim of this study was to employ recurrent neural network (RNN)-based machine learning techniques to identify patients who require VP shunt placement at an early stage. This retrospective single-centre study included all patients who were diagnosed with aSAH and treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) between November 2010 and May 2020 (n = 602). More than 120 parameters were analysed, including routine neurocritical care data, vital signs and blood gas analyses. Various machine learning techniques, including RNNs and gradient boosting machines, were evaluated for their ability to predict VP shunt dependency. VP-shunt dependency could be predicted using an RNN after just one day of ICU stay, with an AUC-ROC of 0.77 (CI: 0.75–0.79). The accuracy of the prediction improved after four days of observation (Day 4: AUC-ROC 0.81, CI: 0.79–0.84). At that point, the accuracy of the prediction was 76% (CI: 75.98–83.09%), with a sensitivity of 85% (CI: 83–88%) and a specificity of 74% (CI: 71–78%). RNN-based machine learning has the potential to predict VP shunt dependency on Day 4 after ictus in aSAH patients using routine data collected in the ICU. The use of machine learning may allow early identification of patients with specific therapeutic needs and accelerate the execution of required procedures.
The Relationship between Religion, Spirituality, Psychological Well-Being, Psychological Resilience, Life Satisfaction of Medical Students in the Gaziantep, Turkey
Authors: Akbayram Hatice Tuba , Keten Hamit Sirri 
Published: March 2024

AbstractReligion and spirituality have been associated with better psychological health. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between the psychological well-being, psychological resilience, life satisfaction and religion/spirituality. An online cross-sectional study was conducted at the Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Turkey. The data were collected by using Personal Information Form, Individual Religion Inventory (IRI), Psychological Wellbeing Scale (PWBS), Brief Psychological Resilience Scale (BPRS), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). A total of 399 students participated in the study, 84% of them stated that they were Muslim. The perception of good psychological health was significantly higher among Muslims (32.7%) than non-Muslims (14.3%) (p = 0.013). The PWBS, BPRS, SWLS scores were significantly higher in those who attached very importance to religious/spiritual practices compared to those who attached little importance. While PWBS scores and BPRS scores did not differ, the SWLS scores was significantly higher in Muslims compared with the non-Muslims. A positive correlation was found between the IRI scores and PWBS (r = 0.446 p < 0.001), BPRS (r = 0.252 p < 0.001), and SWLS scores (r = 0.450 p < 0.001) for Muslim participants. The study showed that giving importance to religious/spiritual practices is associated with better psychological health.
Effect of roasting temperature on bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, phenolic profile, chemical properties, and oil extraction method on fatty acids composition of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds and oil
Authors: Al-Juhaimi Fahad , Erdem Ayşenur , Ahmed Isam A. Mohamed , Uslu Nurhan , Özcan Mehmet Musa , Adiamo Oladipupo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, the effects of roasting chia seeds at different temperatures (90 and 120 °C) on total phenol, flavonoid, and carotenoid contents and antioxidant activities were examined. Additionally, the effects of different extraction methods on the phenolic components of chia seeds and the chemical properties and fatty acids of chia seed oils were investigated. Chia seed oil was extracted via Soxhlet without roasting as control, yielded 29.62%. The oils from seeds roasted at 90 °C and 120 °C had yields of 32.65% and 33.85%. The control oil had an acidity value of 4.70%. In comparison, the acidity values were 4.20% and 3.61% for the oils from seeds roasted at 90 °C and 120 °C. The total phenol result of the control sample was found to be 2.55 mg GAE/g, while the total phenol contents in Chia samples roasted at 90 °C and 120 °C are determined as 2.34 mgGAE/g and 2.14 mg GAE/g, respectively. Also, the flavonoid contents of the roasted chia samples (90 °C and 120 °C) were reported as 13.71 mgCE/g and 12.91 mgCE/g, respectively. It was observed that the application of roasting caused a decrease in quercetin and resveratrol values (p < 0.01). The highest antioxidant value (80.13%) was established in chia sample roasted at 90 °C. Quercetin, catechin, resveratrol, kaempferol and izorhamnetin were the main phenolic components of chia seeds. Other phenolic components such as syringic acid, p-cuoumeric acid, caffeic acid, and gallic acid were found at quite low levels. It was observed that of roasting application caused a decrease in quercetin and resveratrol values. The highest fatty acids in chia seeds were linoleic and linolenic acids. Linolenic and linoleic acid results of chia oils were recorded to be between 64.58 and 68.10% to 17.30 and 18.44%, respectively. The palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic (except sonication) acid contents of the chia oils obtained by Soxhlet and sonication systems from roasted seeds were found high compared to the control.
Flood hazard mapping using a GIS-based morphometric analysis approach in arid regions, a case study in the Red Sea Region, Egypt
Authors: Abdelgawad Ahmed G. , Helal Esam , Sobeih Mohmaed F. , Elsayed Hamdy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFlash floods are a major threat to life and properties in arid regions. In recent decades, Egypt has experienced severe flash floods that have caused significant damage across the country, including the Red Sea region. The aim of this study is to map the flood hazards in flood-prone areas along the Red Sea region using a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based morphometric analysis approach. To evaluate the flood hazard degree, the adopted methodology considers various morphometric parameters such as basin area, slope, sinuosity index, shape factor, drainage intensity, circularity ratio, and curve number. GIS techniques were employed to delineate the watershed and the drainage network. The delineated watershed was used together with the digitized maps of soil and land use types to estimate the curve number and the morphometric parameters for each subbasin. The flood hazard degrees are calculated based on the considered morphometric parameters and distinguished based on a five-degree scale ranging from very low to very high. Results indicate that 47% of the study area has a very high flood hazard degree. Furthermore, morphometric analysis results align with the runoff results simulated by a hydrological model, where, for example, basins with a high to very high hazard degree exhibited high runoff. This suggests the influence of physical characteristics on the hydrological behavior of the watershed and further validates the morphometric analysis presented in this work. The results presented here can help policy planners and decision-makers develop appropriate measures to mitigate flash floods and achieve sustainable development in arid regions.
Deconstructing gendered approaches in ‘single-sex’ flexi schools: two Australian case studies
Authors: McGregor Glenda , Mills Martin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn Australia coeducation dominates government schooling, with single-sex institutions usually being the preserve of selective government schools and private, often elite, institutions. For marginalised young people who ‘drop out’ or are forced to leave the coeducational mainstream system, flexible and/or non-traditional schools provide alternative pathways. Such schools are primarily coeducational. This paper draws upon data from two flexible/non-traditional schools in Australia that attempted to address the issues of educational disengagement via the provision of single-sex schooling: Fernvale Education Centre and Lorem School. The data are insightful with regard to these two very different gender and education paradigms and to their associated discourses about masculinity and femininity. The paper will identify the ways in which these schools both reproduce and challenge dominant constructions of gender within the context of responding to disenfranchised/disengaged young people.
Semantic Polyp Generation for Improving Polyp Segmentation Performance
Authors: Song Hun , Shin Younghak 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To improve the performance of deep-learning-based image segmentation, a sufficient amount of training data is required. However, it is more difficult to obtain training images and segmentation masks for medical images than for general images. In deep-learning-based colon polyp detection and segmentation, research has recently been conducted to improve performance by generating polyp images using a generative model, and then adding them to training data.

Methods
We propose SemanticPolypGAN for generating colonoscopic polyp images. The proposed model can generate images using only the polyp and corresponding mask images without additional preparation of input condition. In addition, the semantic generation of the shape and texture of polyps and non-polyp parts is possible. We experimentally compare the performance of various polyp-segmentation models by integrating the generated images and masks into the training data.

Results
The experimental results show improved overall performance for all models and previous work.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that using polyp images generated by SemanticPolypGAN as additional training data can improve polyp segmentation performance. Unlike existing methods, SemanticPolypGAN can independently control polyp and non-polyp parts in a generation.
An empirical investigation into moral challenges of (breaching) confidentiality and needs for ethics support when facilitating moral case deliberation
Authors: Ligtenberg W. M. R. , Molewijk A. C. , Stolper M. M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEthics support staff help others to deal with moral challenges. However, they themselves can also experience moral challenges such as issues regarding (breaching) confidentiality when practicing ethics support. Currently there is no insight in these confidentiality issues and also no professional guidance for dealing with them. To gain insight into moral challenges related to Moral Case Deliberation (MCD), we studied a) beliefs and experiences of MCD facilitators regarding breaching confidentiality, b) considerations for (not) breaching confidentiality, and c) needs for an ethics support tool. Data collection consisted of qualitative research methods: six semi-structured interviews; analyses of a) two recorded MCD sessions, and b) a focus group with MCD facilitators. Findings: MCD facilitators mention different conceptions and interpretations of confidentiality and various moral challenges. Questions concerning confidentiality ultimately cause reflections on roles and responsibilities of facilitators. Needs for ethics support vary from seeking advice to procedural and sometimes normative guidance for MCD facilitators. Education for MCD facilitators should focus on developing a concrete tool that stimulates awareness and reflection(skills).
Effect of four host plants on the life history and nutritional indices of Spodoptera Littoralis
Authors: El-Refaie Rasha M. , Shaurub El-Sayed H. , Abd-Allah Ghada E. , Ebeid Ahmed A. , Abouelnaga Zeinab S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Egyptian cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a pervasive and highly polyphagous insect pest. As S. littoralis has developed resistance to major classes of conventional insecticides and the use of these insecticides has caused negative impacts on the ecosystems, it is necessary to search for eco-friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable agents to control. This can be achieved by identifying the preferred host plant. The present study aimed at evaluating the impacts of four host plants– castor bean, tomato, potato, and cucumber on the various life-history traits and nutritional indices of S. littoralis. The concentrations of nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorous in the tested host plants were quantified. Newly hatched larvae were divided into four groups. Each group was fed only on one type of the four tested host plants until pre-pupal stage. Then, the life-history traits and nutritional indices were determined. Larvae fed on castor bean showed the highest adult emergence, weight of full-grown larvae, number of eggs per female, and egg-hatch percent, food consumption, relative growth rate, and food utilization efficiencies. Whereas, larvae fed on cucumber showed the lowest egg-hatch percent, food consumption, relative growth rate, and food utilization efficiencies. There was a positive correlation between nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations in the tested host plants and larval weight, with the highest concentrations in castor bean. Castor bean was the most preferred host plant.
Endo Time: Endometriosis and the Flow of Recognition
Authors: Hallström Ina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe relation between time and gender has been extensively discussed in feminist theory, from Simone de Beauvoir to recent studies of queer temporality and crip time. In this article, I explore gender as “lived time” in relation to a pressing feminist issue: social recognition of the chronic illness endometriosis (endo). Based on my interviews with individuals diagnosed with endo, I argue that lived time can be studied by approaching becoming as a dynamic process or flow of recognition, creating certain temporal patterns in the lifeworld. I propose the concept of “endo time” as a phenomenological conception of the lived time of endo. I identify three temporal patterns that characterize endo time: waiting time (I), cyclical or chronic time (II), and sedimented time (III). The analysis contributes to feminist philosophy by detailing how gender appears as a specific orchestration of time. Because of its connection to feminized pain and menstrual flow on the one hand and social recognition on the other, endo presents an illuminating case for exploring the relation between gender, recognition, and lived time.
Réduire le fossé culturel entre les forces armées et la société civile sans rompre avec le « compromis huntingtonien »
Authors: Parenteau Danic 
Published: March 2024

RésuméCet article propose une réflexion sur les initiatives politiques déployées ces dernières années un peu partout en Occident afin de rendre les forces armées plus « représentatives ». S'il est difficile de contester la légitimité démocratique de ces initiatives, celles-ci risquent néanmoins de porter atteinte à l'autonomie professionnelle des officiers au sein des forces armées, conformément à ce que nous appelons le « compromis huntingtonien », soit le modèle de relations civilo-militaires qui domine encore aujourd'hui en Occident. En effet, en intervenant directement dans les « affaires internes » des forces armées, le pouvoir civil se trouve ainsi à empiéter sur les pouvoirs et le champ des responsabilités professionnelles exercées par les officiers sur les forces armées. Pour pallier ce risque, nous proposons un élargissement du « rôle politique » de l'officier, à l'intérieur même du cadre fixé par le compromis huntingonien. Cela devrait se traduire par deux axes complémentaires d'action pour l'officier aujourd'hui négligés : d'une part, défendre la place singulière des forces armées dans la société et, d'autre part, agir en tant qu'agent de changement culturel au sein des forces armées.
Acquisition and transmission of Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) by Xiphinema index and Xiphinema italiae (Longidoridae)
Authors: M’rabet Samaali B. , Loulou A. , MougouHamdane A. , Kallel S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) is one of the most severe virus diseases of grapevines, causing fanleaf degeneration that is transmitted by Xiphinema index. This paper aims to isolate Xiphinema species from Tunisian vineyard soil samples and assess their ability to acquire and transmit GFLV under natural and controlled conditions. Based on morphological and morphometric analyses, Tunisian dagger nematodes were identified as X. index and Xiphinema italiae. These results were confirmed with molecular identification tools using species-specific polymerase chain reaction primers. The total RNA of GFLV was extracted from specimens of Xiphinema and amplified based on real-time polymerase chain reaction using virus-specific primers. Our results showed that X. index could acquire and transmit the viral particles of GFLV. This nepovirus was not detected in X. italiae, under natural conditions; however, under controlled conditions, this nematode was able to successfully acquire and transmit the viral particles of GFLV.
Magnetic Field Signatures of Craters on Mars
Authors: Mittelholz A. , Steele S. C. , Fu R. R. , Johnson C. L. , Lillis R. J. , Stucky de Quay G. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCraters on Mars are a window into Mars' past and the time they were emplaced. Because the crust is heated and shocked during impact, craters can demagnetize or magnetize the crust depending on the presence or absence of a dynamo field at the time of impact. This concept has been used to constrain dynamo timing. Here, we investigate magnetic anomalies associated with craters larger than 150 km. We find that most of those craters, independent of age, exhibit demagnetization signatures in the form of a central magnetic low. We demonstrate a statistically significant association between such signatures and craters, and hypothesize that the excavation of strongly magnetic crustal material may be an important contribution to the dominance of demagnetized craters. This finding implies that the simple presence or absence of crater demagnetization signatures is not a reliable indicator for the activity of the Martian dynamo during or after crater formation.
Simulating the Ring Current Proton Dynamics in Response to Radial Diffusion by Ultra‐Low‐Frequency (ULF) Waves
Authors: Ma Longxing , Yu Yiqun , Liu Wenlong , Cao Jinbin , Miyoshi Yoshizumi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRadial diffusion (RD) induced by ULF waves can contribute to particle acceleration and scattering. Past global simulations that incorporate RD often use dipole magnetic fields, which could not realistically reveal the role of RD. To better understand the effects of RD and identify whether a background magnetic field model matters in understanding the ring current dynamics in response to RD, we simulate a storm event with different magnetic configurations using a global kinetic ring current model. Results indicate that RD can effectively diffuse protons of hundreds of keV to inner regions (L ∼ 3.5), especially in recovery phase. Comparisons with in‐situ observations demonstrate that simulations with TS05 overall capture both the intensity and variations of proton fluxes with the aid of RD, whereas that with a dipole field significantly overestimates low‐L region fluxes. This study implies adopting realistic magnetic fields is important for correctly interpreting the role of RD.
P‐Wave Velocities Across the α → β Quartz Transition at Lower Continental Crust Pressure and Temperature Conditions
Authors: Moarefvand Arefeh , Gasc Julien , Deldicque Damien , Labrousse Loic , Schubnel Alexandre 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe quartz α → β transition is a displacive phase transition associated with a significant change in elastic properties. However, the elastic properties of quartz at high‐pressure and temperature remain poorly constrained experimentally, particularly within the field of β‐quartz. Here, we conducted an experimental study on the quartz α → β transition during which P‐wave velocities were measured in‐situ at pressure (from 0.5 to 1.25 GPa) and temperature (200–900°C) conditions of the continental lower crust. Experiments were carried out on samples of microcrystalline material (grain size of 3–6 μm) and single‐crystals. In all these, the transition was observed as a minimum in P‐wave velocities, preceded by an important softening while P‐wave velocities measured in the β‐quartz field were systematically lower than that predicted by thermodynamic databases. Additional experiments during which acoustic emission (AE) were monitored showed no significant peak of AEs near or at the transition temperature. Microstructural analysis nevertheless revealed the importance of microcracking while Electron Back‐Scatter Diffraction (EBSD) imaging on polycrystalline samples revealed a prevalence of Dauphiné twinning in samples that underwent the transition. Our results suggest that the velocity change due to the transition known at low pressure might be less important at higher pressure, implying a change in the relative compressibilities of α and β quartz. If true, the velocity changes related to the α → β quartz transition at lower crustal conditions might be lower than that expected in thickened continental crust.
A double-stranded RNA binding protein enhances drought resistance via protein phase separation in rice
Authors: Wang Huaijun , Ye Tiantian , Guo Zilong , Yao Yilong , Tu Haifu , Wang Pengfei , Zhang Yu , Wang Yao , Li Xiaokai , Li Bingchen , Xiong Haiyan , Lai Xuelei , Xiong Lizhong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDrought stress significantly impacts global rice production, highlighting the critical need to understand the genetic basis of drought resistance in rice. Here, through a genome-wide association study, we reveal that natural variations in DROUGHT RESISTANCE GENE 9 (DRG9), encoding a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) binding protein, contribute to drought resistance. Under drought stress, DRG9 condenses into stress granules (SGs) through liquid-liquid phase separation via a crucial α-helix. DRG9 recruits the mRNAs of OsNCED4, a key gene for the biosynthesis of abscisic acid, into SGs and protects them from degradation. In drought-resistant DRG9 allele, natural variations in the coding region, causing an amino acid substitution (G267F) within the zinc finger domain, increase DRG9’s binding ability to OsNCED4 mRNA and enhance drought resistance. Introgression of the drought-resistant DRG9 allele into the elite rice Huanghuazhan significantly improves its drought resistance. Thus, our study underscores the role of a dsRNA-binding protein in drought resistance and its promising value in breeding drought-resistant rice.