bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERBANDINGAN HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA SISWA MATERI POKOK GELOMBANG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE RESTASI DAN METODE DISKUSI DI KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 3 PADANGSIDIMPUAN
Authors: Rozi Nasution Sari Wahyuni 
Published: March 2024

This study aims to look at the picture of the results of learning subject matter wave physics using a method in a class recitation SMP Negeri 3 Padangsidimpuan , to describe the learning outcomes of the subject matter wave physics using a method in a class discussion SMP Negeri 3 Padangsidimpuan , and to see whether there differences in learning outcomes physics subject matter waves using the method of recitation and discussion in class VIII SMP Negeri 3 Padangsidimpuan . This research was carried out by using the experimental method to see the difference of implementation measures . The population in this study were all students of Class VIII SMP Negeri 3 Padangsidimpuan which consists of 8 classes totaling 304 people . The sampling technique used was cluster random sampling technique , so that the sample obtained in class VIII1 = 38 and = 38 VIII2 class numbered 76 people .
The data collected was analyzed in two ways : first descriptive analysis to see the general description of the two variables , and then to determine whether there is a difference between the two variables we used t - tests to test Sudjana . Meanwhile, to capture the necessary data is done with the test . In order to obtain data on the outcomes of learning subject matter wave physics using recitation methods and discussion methods. Learning outcomes of the research subject matter wave physics using the recitation obtained an average of 76.33 in the category of " Good " . If consultation with the criteria in Table 4 Chapter III . While the value of the subject matter wave physics learning using discussion method obtained an average of 72.89 in the category of " Good " . If consulted in Table 4 Chapter III .
Based on calculations performed obtained values ​​" of t " at 2.11 , while the 5 % significance level and df = n1 + n2 - 2 = 38 + 38-2 = 74 . Ttable value at 5 % significance level of 74 is 1.66 . Based on the calculation above it can be concluded that of t greater than ttable ( tcount > ttable = 2.11 > 1.66 ) . Means hypothesis upheld in this study can be accepted or approved . That is There a Difference Physics Learning Outcomes Topic Wave Method using recitation and Methods Discussion in class VIII SMP Negeri 3 Padangsidimpuan.
PENGARUH PENGUASAAN KECEPATAN TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA MATERI POKOK MOMENTUM DI KELAS XI SMA NEGERI
Authors: Nasution Febriani Hastini 
Published: March 2024

The aims of this study was to see thesignificant effect theeffect of speed mastery to studentlearning achievementof thePhysic on material of momentum at eleventh grade of SMA Negeri. The method of the research was descriptive method and correlation method. The population was the eleventh grade students of science at SMA Negeri. It divided in three parallel class consists of 132 students. Random sampling technique was done in this research. The sample of this research consists of 45 students. In analyzing the data, the researcher used descriptive analysis and inferential analysis. The average score of speed mastery was 74.62 in “good” category. While studentlearning achievementof the Physic on material of momentum was 81.03 in “Very Good” category. Based on the analysis of the data, the average score of. rcount was 08.48. While rtable was 2.02. It means that the rcount was higher than rtable ( 81.03>2.02). In other words the hypothesis of this research was accepted. It means that there was the Effect of speed mastery to studentlearning achievementof the Physic on material of momentumat eleventh grade of SMA Negeri.
Time trends and outcomes of gastrostomy placement in a Swedish national cohort over two decades
Authors: Skogar Martin Löfling , Sundbom Magnus 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) and laparoscopically inserted gastrostomy have become the gold standard for adult patients and children, respectively, requiring long-term enteral nutrition support. Procedure-related mortality is a rare event, often reported to be zero in smaller studies. National data on 30-d mortality and long-term survival rates after gastrostomy placement are scarce in the literature.
AIM
To study the use of gastrostomies in Sweden from 1998-2019 and to analyze procedure-related mortality and short-term (< 30 d) and long-term survival.
METHODS
In this retrospective, population-based cohort study, individuals that had received a gastrostomy between 1998-2019 in Sweden were included. Individuals were identified in the Swedish National Patient Register, and survival analysis was possible by cross-referencing the Swedish Death Register. The cohort was divided into three age groups: Children (0-18 years); adults (19-64 years); and elderly (≥ 65 years). Kaplan-Meier with log-rank test and Cox regression were used for survival analysis.
RESULTS
In total 48682 individuals (52% males, average age 60.9 ± 25.3 years) were identified. The cohort consisted of 12.0% children, 29.5% adults, and 58.5% elderly. An increased use of gastrostomies was observed during the study period, from 13.7/100000 to 22.3/100000 individuals (P < 0.001). The use of PEG more than doubled (about 800 to 1800/year), with a corresponding decrease in open gastrostomy (about 700 to 340/year). Laparoscopic gastrostomy increased more than ten-fold (about 20 to 240/year). Overall, PEG, open gastrostomy, and laparoscopic gastrostomy constituted 70.0% (n = 34060), 23.3% (n = 11336), and 4.9% (n = 2404), respectively. Procedure-related mortality was 0.1% (n = 44) overall (PEG: 0.05%, open: 0.24%, laparoscopic: 0.04%). The overall 30-d mortality rate was 10.0% (PEG: 9.8%, open: 12.4%, laparoscopic: 1.7%) and decreased from 11.6% in 1998-2009 vs 8.5% in 2010-2019 (P < 0.001). One-year and ten-year survival rates for children, adults, and elderly were 93.7%, 67.5%, and 42.1% and 79.9%, 39.2%, and 6.8%, respectively. The most common causes of death were malignancies and cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.
CONCLUSION
The annual use of gastrostomies in Sweden increased during the study period, with a shift towards more minimally invasive procedures. Although procedure-related death was rare, the overall 30-d mortality rate was high (10%). To overcome this, we believe that patient selection should be improved.
Shear-wave elastography to predict hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatitis C virus eradication: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Esposto Giorgio , Santini Paolo , Galasso Linda , Mignini Irene , Ainora Maria Elena , Gasbarrini Antonio , Zocco Maria Assunta 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) are highly effective treatment for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) with a significant rate of sustained virologic response (SVR). The achievement of SVR is crucial to prevent additional liver damage and slow down fibrosis progression. The assessment of fibrosis degree can be performed with transient elastography, magnetic resonance elastography or shear-wave elastography (SWE). Liver elastography could function as a predictor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in CHC patients treated with DAAs.
AIM
To explore the predictive value of SWE for HCC development after complete clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV).
METHODS
A comprehensive literature search of clinical studies was performed to identify the ability of SWE to predict HCC occurrence after HCV clearance. In accordance with the study protocol, a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the evidence was planned.
RESULTS
At baseline and after 12 wk of follow-up, a trend was shown towards greater liver stiffness (LS) in those who go on to develop HCC compared to those who do not [baseline LS standardized mean difference (SMD): 1.15, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 020-2.50; LS SMD after 12 wk: 0.83, 95%CI: 0.33-1.98]. The absence of a statistically significant difference between the mean LS in those who developed HCC or not may be related to the inability to correct for confounding factors and the absence of raw source data. There was a statistically significant LS SMD at 24 wk of follow-up between patients who developed HCC vs not (0.64; 95%CI: 0.04-1.24).
CONCLUSION
SWE could be a promising tool for prediction of HCC occurrence in patients treated with DAAs. Further studies with larger cohorts and standardized timing of elastographic evaluation are needed to confirm these data.
Cash Waqf Management Perspective of Maqashid Shariah Ibn 'Asyr (UNISIA Cash Waqf Institution Study)
Authors: Navirta Ayu  , Asmuni  
Published: March 2024

This research is normativ research which is part of libery research. In this research we will examine cash waqf which is not far from the existing problem formulation. That is how the role of the UNISIA cash waqf institution in making cash waqf a success as well progress in developing the community’s economy? And what is the maqashid of cash waqf as a community empowerer from the perspective of Ibn’Assyria’s maqashid?. Results research shows that in indonesia itself it is allowed to exist cash waqf or cash waqf with the emergence of the MUI fatwa regarding cash waqf and the existence of statutory regulations such as the waqf law no. 41 of 2004 as well some other rules. The ull waqf board foundation also launched the institute UNISIA cash waqf of december 22 2021,which is expected to progress helping the community’s economy such as empowering MSMES, education, and other economic sectors of society. Maqashid based analysis Ibn’Asyur in this case shows that there are two maqashid carried out in cash practice. First, Maqashid khassah is in the form of hifz almal which makes waqf objects more productive. Second, maqashid ammah in the form of universal benefit in economic empowerment community allocated to education, health, places of worship and things other social.
Tuntas Cepat Masalah Stunting Sejak Dini Bersama Mahasiswa KUKERTA UNRI 2023 di Desa Sukadamai Singingi Hilir Kuantan Singingi
Authors: Syafitra Viony , Bella Inggrid Nikita , Ramidil Ayasmin Zabrina , Fadhil Bima Abhista , Purba Joice Esra Rappita , Bernanda Karen Arieza , Rhohmah Michi Aminatin , Haikal Muhammad Hafzul , Istigfarin Rahmatus Sya’ban Luhur , Aritonang Sona Greti , Pricillia Tamara Geraldina 
Published: March 2024

Stunting is a serious problem of malnutrition that interferes with the growth and development of children. Many factors can cause stunting in toddlers such as toddler characteristics and socioeconomic factors. Stunting can occur before giving birth and is caused by very poor nutritional intake during pregnancy, low quality of life in line with the frequency of communication diseases, thereby inhibiting growth. This observational research was conducted in Sukadamai Village, Singingi Hilir District, Kuantan Singingi District. There is a lack of knowledge among village residents about stunting, therefore KUKERTA UNRI students are embracing residents again in stunting prevention outreach activities. This activity contains appeals for the prevention and proper handling of stunting. Then the impact of the gap that occurs if you don't adopt a healthy and clean lifestyle which can cause stunting in children. The activity continued with the provision of morning exercises and education on a culture of healthy living and nutrition for pregnant women. From this activity, the results and targets that KKN students want to achieve are high enthusiasm from the residents so that this outreach activity runs smoothly. The villagers no longer feel out of place and know about how to prevent stunting. As well as, appropriate complementary feeding of ASI.
Cloud–Cloud Collision and Cluster Formation in the W5-NW Complex
Authors: Issac Namitha , Saha Anindya , Choudhary Saanika , Chaudhary Aakash , Tej Anandmayee , Liu Hong-Li , Liu Tie , Gopinathan Maheswar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We present a detailed structural and gas kinematic study of the star-forming complex W5-NW. A cloud–cloud collision scenario unravels with evidence of collision-induced star and cluster formation. Various signatures of cloud–cloud collision such as “complementary distribution” and “bridging features” are explored. At the colliding region, the two clouds have complementary morphologies, where W5-NWb has a filamentary key-like shape that fits into the U-shaped cavity in W5-NWa that behaves like a keyhole. The interaction region between the two clouds is characterized by bridging features with intermediate velocities connecting the two clouds. A skewed V-shaped bridging feature is also detected at the site of the collision. A robust picture of the molecular gas distribution highlighting the bridges is seen in the position–position–velocity diagram obtained using the SCOUSEPY algorithm. Star cluster formation with an overdensity of Class I and Class II young stellar objects is also seen towards this cloud complex, likely triggered by the cloud collision event.
Brown Dwarf Candidates in the JADES and CEERS Extragalactic Surveys
Authors: Hainline Kevin N. , Helton Jakob M. , Johnson Benjamin D. , Sun Fengwu , Topping Michael W. , Leisenring Jarron M. , Baker William M. , Eisenstein Daniel J. , Hausen Ryan , Hviding Raphael E. , Lyu Jianwei , Robertson Brant , Tacchella Sandro , Williams Christina C. , Willmer Christopher N. A. , Roellig Thomas L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
By combining the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam JADES and CEERS extragalactic data sets, we have uncovered a sample of 21 T and Y brown dwarf candidates at best-fit distances between 0.1 and 4.2 kpc. These sources were selected by targeting the blue 1–2.5 μm colors and red 3–4.5 μm colors that arise from molecular absorption in the atmospheres of T
eff < 1300 K brown dwarfs. We fit these sources using multiple models of substellar atmospheres and present the resulting fluxes, sizes, effective temperatures, and other derived properties for the sample. If confirmed, these fits place the majority of the sources in the Milky Way thick disk and halo. We observe proper motions for seven of the candidate brown dwarfs, with directions in agreement with the plane of our Galaxy, providing evidence that they are not extragalactic in nature. We demonstrate how the colors of these sources differ from selected high-redshift galaxies, and explore the selection of these sources in planned large-area JWST NIRCam surveys. Deep imaging with JWST/NIRCam presents an an excellent opportunity for finding and understanding these ultracool dwarfs at kiloparsec distances.
The Polarization of the Solar Ba ii D1 Line with Partial Frequency Redistribution and Its Magnetic Sensitivity
Authors: Alsina Ballester Ernest , del Pino Alemán Tanausú , Trujillo Bueno Javier 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We investigate the main physical mechanisms that shape the intensity and polarization of the Ba ii D1 line at 4934 Å via radiative transfer numerical experiments. We focus especially on the scattering linear polarization arising from the spectral structure of the anisotropic radiation in the wavelength interval spanned by the line’s hyperfine structure (HFS) components in the odd isotopes of barium. After verifying that the presence of the low-energy metastable levels only impacts the amplitude, but not the shape, of the D1 linear polarization, we relied on a two-term atomic model that neglects such metastable levels but includes HFS. The D1 fractional linear polarization shows a very small variation with the choice of atmospheric model, enhancing its suitability for solar magnetic field diagnostics. Tangled magnetic fields with strengths of tens of gauss reduce the linear polarization, and saturation is reached at roughly 300 G. Deterministic inclined magnetic fields produce a U/I profile and, if they have a significant longitudinal component, a V/I profile, whose modeling requires accounting for HFS and the Paschen–Back effect. Because of the overlap between HFS components, the magnetograph formula cannot be applied to infer the longitudinal magnetic field. Accurately modeling the D1 intensity and polarization requires an atomic system that includes the metastable levels and the HFS, the detailed spectral structure of the radiation field, the incomplete Paschen–Back regime for magnetic fields, and an accurate treatment of collisions.
The Evolution of Inclined Binary Black Holes in the Disks of Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Dittmann Alexander J. , Dempsey Adam M. , Li Hui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The accretion disks that fuel active galactic nuclei (AGNs) may house numerous stars and compact objects, formed in situ or captured from nearby star clusters. Embedded neutron stars and black holes may form binaries and eventually merge, emitting gravitational waves detectable by LIGO/VIRGO. AGN disks are a particularly promising environment for the production of high-mass gravitational-wave events involving black holes in the pair-instability mass gap, and may facilitate electromagnetic counterparts to black hole binary mergers. However, many orders of magnitude separate the typical length scales of binary formation and those on which gravitational waves can drive binary inspirals, making binary mergers inside the disk uncertain. Previous hydrodynamical simulations of binaries have either been restricted to two dimensions entirely, or focused on binaries aligned with the midplane of the disk. Herein we present the first three-dimensional, high-resolution, local-shearing-box, inviscid hydrodynamical simulations of disk-embedded binaries over a range of orbital inclinations. We find that retrograde binaries can shrink up to 4 times as quickly as prograde binaries, and that all binaries not perfectly aligned (or anti-aligned) with the AGN disk are driven into alignment. An important consequence of this is that initially retrograde binaries will traverse the inclinations where von Zeipel–Lidov–Kozai oscillations can drive binary eccentricities to large values, potentially facilitating mergers. We also find that interactions with the AGN disk may excite eccentricities in retrograde binaries and cause the orbits of embedded binaries to precess.
The Case of the Missing Very High-energy Gamma-Ray Bursts: A Retrospective Study of Swift Gamma-Ray Bursts with Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes
Authors: Ashkar H. , Sangaré A. , Fegan S. , Damascene Mbarubucyeye J. , Ruiz-Velasco E. , Zhu S. J. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are particle acceleration sites that can emit photons in the very high-energy (VHE) domain through nonthermal processes. From 2004 until 2018, the current generation of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) did not detect any GRB in the VHE domain. However, from 2018 to 2020, five detections were reported. In this work, we try to solve the case of the missing VHE GBRs prior to 2018. We aim to identify GRBs that might have eluded VHE detection in past years by the H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS IACTs. To do so, we study GRBs with known redshift detected by Swift from 2004 until June 2022. We first identify all GRBs that could have been observed by these IACTs since 2004, considering observation conditions and visibility constraints. We assume a relation between the X-rays and the VHE gamma rays based on the VHE GRBs detected to date and combine this with the redshift measurements, instrument response information, and observation conditions to predict the observed VHE gamma-ray flux from the Swift X-Ray Telescope measurements. We report findings on 12 bright low-redshift GRBs that we identify as most likely to have been detected in the VHE domain by current IACTs. The rate of IACT-detectable GRBs with ideal observation conditions is <1 VHE GRB per year with the current configuration. With its lower energy threshold and higher sensitivity, this rate increases to ∼4 VHE GRBs per year with the Cherenkov Telescope Array.
A Gap in the Densities of Small Planets Orbiting M Dwarfs: Rigorous Statistical Confirmation Using the Open-source Code RhoPop
Authors: Schulze J. G. , Wang 王 Ji 吉 , Johnson J. A. , Gaudi B. S. , Rodriguez Martinez R. , Unterborn C. T. , Panero W. R. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Using mass–radius composition models, small planets (R ≲ 2 R
⊕) are typically classified into three types: iron-rich, nominally Earth-like, and those with solid/liquid water and/or atmosphere. These classes are generally expected to be variations within a compositional continuum. Recently, however, Luque & Pallé observed that potentially Earth-like planets around M dwarfs are separated from a lower-density population by a density gap. Meanwhile, the results of Adibekyan et al. hint that iron-rich planets around FGK stars are also a distinct population. It therefore remains unclear whether small planets represent a continuum or multiple distinct populations. Differentiating the nature of these populations will help constrain potential formation mechanisms. We present the RhoPop software for identifying small-planet populations. RhoPop employs mixture models in a hierarchical framework and a nested sampler for parameter and evidence estimates. Using RhoPop, we confirm the two populations of Luque & Pallé with >4σ significance. The intrinsic scatter in the Earth-like subpopulation is roughly half that expected based on stellar abundance variations in local FGK stars, perhaps implying M dwarfs have a smaller spread in the major rock-building elements (Fe, Mg, Si) than FGK stars. We apply RhoPop to the Adibekyan et al. sample and find no evidence of more than one population. We estimate the sample size required to resolve a population of planets with Mercury-like compositions from those with Earth-like compositions for various mass–radius precisions. Only 16 planets are needed when

σ

M

p

=
5
%

and

σ

R

p

=
1
%

. At

σ

M

p

=
10
%

and

σ

R

p

=
2.5
%

, however, over 154 planets are needed, an order of magnitude increase.
Three Years of ACB Phase Function Observations from the Mars Science Laboratory: Interannual and Diurnal Variability and Constraints on Ice Crystal Habit
Authors: Innanen Alex C. , Cooper Brittney A. , Hayes Conor W. , Campbell Charissa L. , Kloos Jacob L. , Guzewich Scott D. , Moores John E. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We examine 3 yr of phase-function observations of water-ice clouds taken during the Aphelion Cloud Belt season by the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL). We derive lower-bound single-scattering phase functions for Mars years (MYs) 34, 35, and 36, over a range of scattering angles from 45° to 155°, expanding on the MY 34 phase function previously derived from MSL observations using the same method. We also modify the procedure used for MY 34 to make use of cloud opacity values derived from other MSL observations, often taken in conjunction with the phase-function observations. From these, we see little variability, both interannually and diurnally in the phase function at Gale Crater. We use our derived phase functions to attempt to constrain a dominant ice-crystal geometry by fitting a two-term Henyey–Greenstein function. In comparing to HG functions of Martian dust and modeled water-ice crystals, we see agreement especially with droxtal water-ice crystals, dust at Gale crater, and irregular volcanic glasses. This could be indicative of crystals composed of some irregular shape.
Using the Murdoch Mysteries fandom to examine the types of content fans share online
Authors: Binnie Sarah 
Published: March 2024

For many fans, much (if not all) of their fan behavior is displayed online, across a number of social media platforms through which they can interact and engage with each other and with the subjects of their fandom. This includes not only fan works such as fan fiction and fan art but also behaviors consistent with simply existing as a fan in an online space. The fandom of Murdoch Mysteries (2008–), a Canadian murder mystery TV show, demonstrates how a single fandom can manifest in multiple different ways across different platforms. Fans appear to make specific decisions about how they are willing to engage with their fandom and where.