bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Description of core excitations by time‐dependent density functional theory with local density approximation, generalized gradient approximation, meta‐generalized gradient approximation, and hybrid functionals
Authors: Imamura Yutaka , Otsuka Takao , Nakai Hiromi 
Published: April 2007

AbstractTime‐dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) is employed to investigate exchange‐correlation‐functional dependence of the vertical core‐excitation energies of several molecules including H, C, N, O, and F atoms. For the local density approximation (LDA), generalized gradient approximation (GGA), and meta‐GGA, the calculated X1s→π* excitation energies (X = C, N, O, and F) are severely underestimated by more than 13 eV. On the other hand, time‐dependent Hartree‐Fock (TDHF) overestimates the excitation energies by more than 6 eV. The hybrid functionals perform better than pure TDDFT because HF exchange remedies the underestimation of pure TDDFT. Among these hybrid functionals, the Becke‐Half‐and‐Half‐Lee‐Yang‐Parr (BHHLYP) functional including 50% HF exchange provides the smallest error for core excitations. We have also discovered the systematic trend that the deviations of TDHF and TDDFT with the LDA, GGA, and meta‐GGA functionals show a strong atom‐dependence. Namely, their deviations become larger for heavier atoms, while the hybrid functionals are significantly less atom‐dependent. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2007
Intima–media thickness of the abdominal aorta of neonate with different gestational ages
Authors: Koklu Esad , Kurtoglu Selim , Akcakus Mustafa , Yikilmaz Ali , Coskun Abdulhakim , Gunes Tamer 
Published: April 2007

AbstractPurpose.To determine aortic intima–media thickness (aIMT) values in newborns with different gestational ages and to asses the effect of antenatal steroids on aIMT.Methods.Two hundred forty newborns from healthy mothers had their distal abdominal aIMT measured during abdominal sonographic examination. The neonates were divided into 4 groups (60 in each group) according to gestational age: group I (25–28 weeks), group II (29–32 weeks), group III (33–37 weeks), and group IV (38–42 weeks).Results.The interobserver and intersubject intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.93 and 0.94, respectively. Mean aIMT was 0.316 mm, 0.335 mm, 0.348 mm, and 0.385 mm, respectively, in group I, II, III, and IV, increasing significantly with gestational age at birth (p < 0.0001). There was no apparent effect of antenatal steroid use on aIMT. Multivariate regression models for mean aIMT demonstrated a significant association with aortic lumen diameter (p < 0.0001).Conclusion.Abdominal aIMT can be reproducibly measured in neonates and may be a useful tool for epidemiologic studies. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2007
Social Support and Social Network Scales: A Psychometric Review
Authors: Rock Daniel L. , Green Kathy E. , Wise Barbara K. , Rock Rachelle D. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractSocial support and social network scales were reviewed from a psychometric perspective. A sample of 29 behavioral science studies were selected from social support and social network articles published between 1967 and 1982. Each study was classified according to psychometric issues of scaling, reliability, and validity. The review was motivated by the hypothesis that many social support and social network scales are developed without complete utilization of existing measurement technology. Results of this review confirm this hypothesis. Limited availability of basic psychometric data for such scales attenuates theory development and research efficiency. Researchers in this field are encouraged to increase the availability of basic psychometric information for social support and social network scales.
Development of a patient satisfaction scale
Authors: La Monica Elaine L. , Oberst Marilyn T. , Madea Anita R. , Wolf Richard M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThree studies to develop and test an instrument to measure hospitalized patients' satisfaction with nursing care are reported. Content validation procedures involved both clinicians and patients (N = 75). An inverse relationship of satisfaction scores to negative mood states demonstrated evidence of construct validity. Factor analytic procedures (N = 664) failed to confirm the existence of the subscales initially conceptualized for this instrument and others in common use. Three new factors were identified: dissatisfaction, interpersonal support, and good impression. The dissatisfaction subscale explained 73.6% of the variance and had a high internal consistency (a = .91); the reliability coefficients of the other subscales also were high (a = .92 and .89). Reliability coefficients for the total instrument in successive testings were .92 (N = 100) and .95 (N = 533).
The impact of parental life change on the early development of children
Authors: Bee Helen L. , Hammond Mary A. , Eyres Sandra J. , Barnard Kathryn E. , Snyder Charlene 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe effect of parental life change on children's mental and social development was explored in a longitudinal study of 193 families. Data on life changes, social supports, home environment, child development and interactions were obtained in a series of nine interviews from before the child's birth to 48 months after birth. For the sample as a whole, significant negative correlations were obtained between maternal life change in the first year of the child's life, and the child's IQ and receptive language at 4 years. An examination of subgroups revealed, however, that this relationship was strongest for mothers low in both personal coping resources and in social support. Findings suggest that both direct and indirect effects of maternal life change on the child contribute to the observed relationship.
Effect of early postpartum teaching on primiparas' knowledge of infant behavior and degree of confidence
Authors: Golas Gretchen A. , Parks Peggy 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this experimental study was to determine the effectiveness of teaching primiparous mothers about infant behavior. Experimental mothers (n = 17) received a teaching intervention representative of the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale when their infants were 2 weeks old; contrast mothers (n = 16) completed a Newborn Information Checklist about infant behavior at home two weeks postnatally; control mothers (n = 13) received neither teaching nor a checklist. At a 4‐week postnatal office visit, experimental mothers had more knowledge about infant behavior than either the controst or control mothers. There was no difference among the groups regarding maternal confidence in interpreting behavioral cues of their own infant. Contrast mothers reported wanting information about topics included in the teaching intervention.
Effects of health teaching in the workplace on women's knowledge, beliefs, and practices regarding breast self‐examination
Authors: Brailey L. Joan 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis study had two primary purposes: to examine the effects of group and individual teaching by nurses in the workplace on 140 female office employees' health knowledge, beliefs, and practices regarding breast self‐examination and to identify factors associated with frequency of practice. Skill in technique, confidence in the skill, and frequency of breast self‐examination increased significantly with both teaching formats, but there were areas of technique that needed further improvement. Perceived susceptibility to breast cancer and perceived benefits of breast self‐examination increased significantly only with individual teaching; knowledge was not increased with either teaching format.
Personal control and coping effectiveness in spinal cord injured persons
Authors: Ferington Felicitus E. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe relationship between personal control and coping effectiveness was studied in a convenience sample of 104 hospitalized spinal cord injured males. Control was conceptualized as participants' preference to control, their generalized expectation for control, and their perception of options to control. Depression was used as an indicator of level of coping effectiveness. Demographic data and participants' trait anxiety were included as possible correlates of the variables of interest. For those who preferred to control, perceived options to do so were negatively related to levels of depression regardless of locus of control orientation. Depression scores were unrelated to expected or perceived control for those without such a preference. Findings indicate that the significance of having control is an individualized matter. Detailed assessments may need to be devised if patients are to obtain maximum benefit from participating in their own care.
The hale elderly: Health behavior and its correlates
Authors: Brown Julia S. , McCreedy Margaret 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purposes of this study were to describe health behavior of the elderly and to explore the determinants and health consequences of that behavior, using survey data from 386 respondents (138 men, 248 women), 55 years of age and older. These elderly persons engaged in a wide variety of activities to protect their health, the most important of which were eating properly, obtaining adequate rest, and exercising. By multiple regression analysis, age, sex, socioeconomic status, and marital status explained only 7.2% of the variance in health protective behavior. Of those variables, sex had the greatest association with health protective behavior and age the least. Married men, but not married women, practiced more health behaviors than their unmarried counterparts. Health protective behavior was not related to overall health status, but was weakly related to perceived health. The lack of association between health protective behavior and health status is interpreted in terms of the nature of the population examined.
Stereotyping by nurses and nursing students: A critical review of research
Authors: Ganong Lawrence H. , Bzdek Virginia , Manderino Mary A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThirty‐eight empirical studies of stereotyping by nurses and nursing students were critically examined and discussed. The review was conducted and reported as though it were primary research. Subjects were the studies examined, methods were the reviewing procedure, data were attributes of the studies, and results were the conclusions drawn. The research on nurses' stereotypes has been characterized by: the use of one method of data collection, usually questionnaires; the measurement of the presence or absence of specific stereotypes; and nonprobability sampling techniques. There is some evidence that nurses stereotype other people based on age, sex, attractiveness, personality, diagnosis, social class, and family structure. Suggestions for adding to this body of knowledge are made.
The use of lie scales in psychometric measures of children
Authors: Brown Marie S. , Kodadek Sheila M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe appropriateness of lie scales commonly used in psychometric tools for health research with children was investigated. A convenience sample of 74 children was used to test the hypothesis that children at a less mature stage of cognitive development would score higher on a lie scale than would children at a more mature stage. Each child was tested using the Cartoon Conservation Scale to assess the Piagetian cognitive level and the nine‐item lie scale for the “How I Think and Feel Test”. The findings supported the hypothesis; a two‐way analysis of variance showed a significant main effect of cognitive level (F= 13.274;p< 0.001). A stepwise multiple regression indicated that age and cognitive level accounted for 53% of the variance in lie scale scores.
Effects of assertion training and first aid instruction on children's autonomy and self‐care agency
Authors: Moore Jean Burley 
Published: April 2007

AbstractStrategies for promoting autonomy and a self‐care agency in children were investigated in this study. Ninety‐two fifth grade students were randomly assigned to one of four learning groups: assertion training; first aid instruction; assertion/first aid; and control. Results showed mixed support for autonomy being higher where either or both assertion training and first aid instruction had occurred, and support for self‐care agency being higher where first aid instruction had occurred.
The labour agentry scale: Psychometric properties of an instrument measuring control during childbirth
Authors: Hodnett Ellen D. , Simmons‐Tropea Daryl A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractPsychometric and field studies are reported concerning the development and assessment of the Labour Agentry Scale, an instrument measuring expectancies and experiences of personal control during childbirth. Factor analysis yielded evidence that it is a unifactorial scale, with factor loadings between 0.36 and 0.85. Dual‐scaling techniques corroborated the results of factor analysis and provided evidence that few differences exist between antepartum and postpartum samples' responses to individual items. Field studies yielded evidence of an inverse relationship between anxiety and control, as well as evidence of construct validity. For example, subjects who had spontaneous, unmedicated births had the highest Labour Agentry Scale scores.
Preparing children for radiologic procedures: Contingent versus noncontingent instruction
Authors: Fegley Barbara J. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the effects of choice of information in preprocedural instruction on children's responses to select radiologic procedures. Sixty‐one children were randomly assigned to either the contingent (n = 31) or noncontingent (n = 30) instruction group. Contingent instruction provided information in response to children's questions and requests. Noncontingent instruction provided children information based on recommendations from the literature and clinical practice. Dependent variables were measured using the Manifest Upset Scale, Cooperation Scale, search for information protocol, and self‐report of distress. Contingent instruction was associated with less search for information. Prior to painful intrusive radiologic procedures, a choice of information may not support information‐seeking, a strategy for adaptation.
Maternally administered tactile, auditory, visual, and vestibular stimulation: Relationship to later interactions between mothers and premature infants
Authors: White‐Traut Rosemary C. , Nelson Michael N. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThirty‐three mother‐infant pairs were randomly assigned to one of three groups: control, talking, or interactive (RISS). The later treatment included massage, talking, eye contact and rocking. The intervention (RISS) was administered to determine whether mothers and their preterm infants who actively interacted with each other would differ on later maternal and infant behaviors. The talking and RISS treatments were administered at specified time intervals 24 hours after delivery. Prior to hospital discharge, mother‐infant interaction was assessed during a feeding. Significant differences were identified among the three groups for maternal (p <.03) and infant (p <.05) behaviors. These results suggest that active maternal interaction with the premature infant may enhance specific components of mother‐infant interaction.
Uncertainty, coping, and distress following myocardial infarction: Transition from hospital to home
Authors: Christman Norma J. , McConnell Edwina A. , Pfeiffer Colleen , Webster Kay K. , Schmitt Marianne , Ries Joanne 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the influence of uncertainty in illness and use of coping methods on emotional distress and recovery following myocardial infarction. A longitudinal exploratory design with measures obtained at three times was used; multiple regression was used to analyze the data. Uncertainty explained a significant amount of the variance in emotional distress prior to hospital discharge (21%), and 1 (16%) and 4 (26%) weeks after discharge. Patients reporting greater uncertainty also reported more emotional distress. One week after discharge, coping behaviors significantly added to the variance explained in distress (27%). Greater use of emotive coping behaviors was associated with higher levels of emotional distress and accounted for the majority of the variance explained by coping behaviors (23%). The findings are discussed in terms of the nature of uncertainty in health care and future model development.
A nursing perspective on the assessment of function in persons with arthritis
Authors: Goeppinger Jean , Anne Doyle M. Thomas , Charlton Sarah L. , Lorig Kate 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe psychometric properties of two self‐administered measures of function were examined: the Disability Score of the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and the Total Health Score of the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales (AIMS). Data from 140 respondents were analyzed. Respondents had diagnoses of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or diabetes mellitus; resided in rural and urban areas; and were for the most part elderly, female, and white, with educational levels of high school or below. Reliabilities (test‐retest and internal consistency) of both measures were high. The concurrent validity also was high. Content analysis suggested the HAQ represented the scope of nursing practice better than the AIMS. An exploratory principal components analysis confirmed that the HAQ is relevant to nursing practice.
Assessment of the reliability of physical measures
Authors: Engstrom Janet L. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAssessment of the reliability of physical measures that yield continuous data (e.g., physiological measures such as blood pressure and anthropometric measures such as weight) should include the following statistics and procedures: mean, minimal and maximal differences; standard deviation of the net differences; technical error of measurement; and clinically meaningful indices of agreement. Displaying differences graphically and using Exploratory Data Analysis are excellent methods of summarizing differences. In those situations where any measurement error is important, regardless of its direction, the absolute value of the differences should be used to describe average differences. Correlation coefficients are not recommended because they are not adequate tests of reliability.
Maternal confidence during toddlerhood: Comparing preterm and fullterm groups
Authors: Gross Deborah , Rocissano Lorraine , Roncoli Marianne 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purposes of this study were to explore predictors of maternal confidence during toddlerhood among mothers of children born preterm and fullterm and to determine if mothers of toddlers born preterm were less confident in parenting than mothers of toddlers born fullterm. Mothers of children born preterm (n = 62) and fullterm (n = 70) aged 12 months through 36 months (postnatal age) completed a measure of maternal confidence during toddlerhood, the Toddler Care Questionnaire (TCQ), and a family background form. Major predictor variables included the extent of the mother's prior childcare experience, toddler birth order, and maternal report of toddler handicaps and major health problems. Data on neonatal condition were collected from hospital records. There was no difference in mean TCQ score between the preterm and fullterm groups. In the preterm group, prior childcare experience, birth order, and maternal report of the toddler having cerebral palsy explained 33% of the variance. In the fullterm group, prior childcare experience, maternal age and toddler's birthweight explained 38% of the variance. The findings are discussed in light of Bandura's theory of self‐efficacy (1982).
Maternal attachment to handicapped infants and the relationship to social support
Authors: Capuzzi Cecelia 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe parent–infant attachment of 36 mothers with and without a handicapped infant was compared. A prospective, longitudinal design was employed with data collection at 1, 6, and 12 months postpartum. There were significant differences in attachment at 1 month, with mothers of handicapped infants exhibiting fewer attachment behaviors; there were no differences at 6 or 12 months. When the effects of the mother's prenatal social support were partialed out, there were no longer significant differences between the two groups, suggesting that social support buffers the effects of having a handicapped infant on attachment.
The effect of verbalization of cognitive processes on clinical decision making
Authors: Henry Suzanne Bakken , Lebreck Diane Belongia , Holzemer William L. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAlthough verbalization of cognitive processes is a common strategy in the study of clinical decision making, the effect of verbalization on performance has not been adequately assessed. The effect of verbalization of cognitive processes on performance on a computer‐assisted clinical simulation was examined using a three‐group experimental design. Sixty pediatric nurses were randomly assigned to one of three groups (n = 20/group): instructions to think aloud, instructions to recall decision processes, or no instructions to verbalize. The experimental groups did not differ on proficiency or efficiency scores on the computerized clinical simulation. Two‐way analyses of variances revealed no main or interaction effects when examining type of verbalization instructions by level of education, years of pediatric experience, or case familiarity, suggesting that there was no apparent effect of verbalization of cognitive processes on performance regardless of level of expertise. These findings support the continued use of verbalization of cognitive processes as a strategy to examine clinical decision making.
What being the parent of a new baby is like: Revision of an instrument
Authors: Pridham Karen F. , Chang Audrey S. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractRevision of the self‐report instrument, What Being the Parent of a New Baby Is Like (WPL), is reported. The WPL, developed to examine parents' perceptions of themselves as parents and of the parenting experience with young infants, was revised by improving its two subscales, Success (renamed Evaluation) and Centrality, and adding a third subscale, Life Change. With a sample of mothers of healthy infants, all three subscales of the revised instrument, WPL‐R, had acceptable levels of internal consistency at 7, 30, and 90 days postpartum, and stability across administrations. Parity differences were demonstrated for all three subscales at 7 days and for Centrality at 30 days. Factor analysis identified item clusters consistent with the three subscales. With improved subscales affording a more comprehensive assessment of maternal experience, the WPL‐R is a better instrument for evaluation of maternal adaptation than the WPL.
Participation in alternative care: Relationship to anxiety, depression, and hostility
Authors: Littlefield Vivian M. , Chang Audrey , Adams Barbara N. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractWomen's psychological mood and its relationship to satisfaction with participatory perinatal care was examined using a two‐group evaluation design of convenience samples (N=99). Women entered the perinatal experience with similar degrees of anxiety, depression and hostility, but contrary to prediction, the type of perinatal experience, conventional or alternative, was not associated with their psychological mood. However, women in both groups reported less anxiety 2 to 3 days and 4 weeks after delivery than they reported having in general prior to delivery. Women who were more satisfied with care and their participation in care, regardless of whether they had an alternative or conventional perinatal experience, reported less anxiety and depression immediately post delivery. In 4 weeks, satisfaction and participation in care were still negatively related to anxiety.