bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3‐Phosphoinositide‐dependent protein kinase‐1/Akt signalling and inhibition in a canine prostate carcinoma cell line
Authors: Alvarez F. J. , Murahari S. , Couto C. G. , Rosol T. J. , Kulp S. K. , Chen C.‐S. , Kisseberth W. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDeregulation of the 3‐phosphoinositide‐dependent protein kinase‐1 (PDK‐1)/Akt signalling pathway is associated with prostate cancer development and progression. Inhibition of PDK‐1/Akt signalling can be achieved using structurally optimized celecoxib derivatives such as OSU‐03012. In this study, we treated the novel canine prostate cancer cell line, Ace‐1, with OSU‐03012 or dimethyl sulphoxidein vitro. We found that Akt was constitutively phosphorylated in the canine prostate cancer cell line Ace‐1 and that there was a dose‐dependent decrease in cell viability, and Akt and glycogen synthase kinase‐3β phosphorylation, in response to OSU‐03012 treatment. This was accompanied by a dose‐dependent increase in apoptosis. These data suggest that Akt signalling pathway inhibition is a potential strategy for the treatment of dogs with prostate cancer and that canine prostate cancer is a relevant large animal model for evaluating Akt pathway inhibitors such as OSU‐03012 for use in people.
Efficacy of injectable maropitant (Cerenia™) in a randomized clinical trial for prevention and treatment of cisplatin‐induced emesis in dogs presented as veterinary patients
Authors: Vail D. M. , Rodabaugh H. S. , Conder G. A. , Boucher J. F. , Mathur S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a common side‐effect of cisplatin therapy. Maropitant (Cerenia™), a novel neurokinin‐1 receptor antagonist, was evaluated for prevention and treatment of cisplatin‐induced emesis in tumour‐bearing dogs. Dogs (n= 122) were randomly allocated to three treatment groups: T01, placebo before and after cisplatin; T02, placebo before and maropitant after cisplatin; or T03, maropitant before and placebo after cisplatin. Maropitant treatment (T02) following a cisplatin‐induced‐emetic event resulted in significantly fewer subsequent emetic events (P= 0.0005) than in placebo‐treated dogs (T01). In placebo‐treated (T01) dogs, 56.4% were withdrawn from the study because of treatment failure compared with 5.3% in group T02. When maropitant was administered prior to cisplatin treatment (T03) in a prevention regime, 94.9% did not vomit compared with only 4.9% of placebo‐treated dogs, and significantly fewer emetic events (P< 0.0001) were observed in those dogs that did vomit. In summary, maropitant was safe and highly effective in reducing or completely preventing cisplatin‐induced emesis.
Nation, State and the Modern Transformation of Korean Social Structure in the Early Twentieth Century
Authors: Hwang Kyung Moon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWhen assessing social change in modern Korea, the tremendous material transformation of the second half of the twentieth century has tended to obscure the advances of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This article examines the distinctive means by which both nation building and state making contributed to the formation of Korea's modern social structure well before the full advent of industrialisation and urbanisation. It argues that the processes of national identity formation, particularly in the absence of an autonomous state during the period of Japanese colonial rule (1910–45), drew from multiple stimuli, including religion, class and a recognition of the urgency of social levelling. The state, meanwhile, followed different developmental paths in its institutional and ideological manifestations, but in both instances, the contributions of Koreans themselves to the process, even during the colonial period, placed a lasting imprint on the state's relationship to modern social change. The legacy of this connection continues to shape how Koreans perceive both their present and their past.
Electroantennogram and behavioral responses of workers of the stingless bee Oxytrigona mediorufa to mandibular gland volatiles
Authors: Cruz‐López L. , Aguilar S. , Malo E. A. , Rincón M. , Guzman M. , Rojas J. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGas chromatography‐mass spectrometric analysis showed that the mandibular gland secretion of workers of the stingless bee Oxytrigona mediorufa (Cockerell) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) is composed of 3‐hepten‐2,5‐dione, 3‐nonene‐2,5‐dione, 2‐heptanone, hydrocarbons, tetradecyl, and hexadecyl acetates and minor compounds related to these. Behavioral and electroantennographic tests were carried out on conspecific workers to observe the effect of worker mandibular gland secretion, individual compounds (2‐heptanone, 2‐nonanone, and tetradecyl acetate), and a blend of these three. Bioassays showed that biting responses of O. mediorufa to the odor of the mandibular gland secretion were similar to that of 2‐heptanone and to the three‐component blend. Oxytrigona mediorufa workers exhibited antennal olfactory responses to the gland extract, 2‐heptanone, and the synthetic mixture. The function of the mandibular gland secretion and 2‐heptanone is discussed in terms of an alarm pheromone and defensive substances.
Males of the predatory mirid bug Macrolophus caliginosus exploit plant volatiles induced by conspecifics as a sexual synomone
Authors: Moayeri Hamid R. S. , Ashouri Ahmad , Brødsgaard Henrik F. , Enkegaard Annie 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe olfactory responses of male and female Macrolophus caliginosus Wagner (Heteroptera: Miridae) adults towards volatiles from green bean plants previously exposed to feeding by conspecifics and to direct odours from conspecifics were tested in a Y‐tube olfactometer. Female M. caliginosus did not respond to volatiles from plants exposed to mirid feeding or to odours emitted directly by adult mirids. In contrast, male mirid bugs were attracted both to volatiles from plants previously exposed to feeding by conspecific females and to odours emitted by conspecifics only with a marginally significant preference for the former. The gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis showed that mirid feeding induced the release of 11 additional compounds as compared to the volatiles emitted from clean plants. Three of these substances (5‐ethyl‐2(5H)‐furanone, Z‐3‐hexenyl tiglate, and E,E‐α‐farnesene) were released only after feeding by females. Furthermore, 21 compounds were identified in volatiles emitted directly by mirids, 12 of which were unique to the mirids (i.e., not present in clean plants or plants previously exposed to mirid feeding). The results suggest that female‐specific herbivore‐induced plant volatiles play a role as mate‐finding cues by the male mirids. The ecological implications of the findings are discussed, and the term ‘sexual synomone’ is introduced.
Electrophysiological subtypes of psychotic states
Authors: John E. R. , Prichep L. S. , Winterer G. , Herrmann W. M. , DiMichele F. , Halper J. , Bolwig T. G. , Cancro R. 
Published: February 2007

Objective: This research sought neurobiological features common to psychotic states displayed by patients with different clinical diagnoses.Method: Cluster analysis with quantitative electroencephalographic (QEEG) variables was used to subtype drug‐naïve, non‐medicated, and medicated schizophrenic, depressed and alcoholic patients with psychotic symptoms, from the USA and Germany. QEEG source localization brain images were computed for each cluster.Results: Psychotic patients with schizophrenia, depression and alcoholism, and drug‐ naïve schizophrenic patients, were distributed among six clusters. QEEG images revealed one set of brain regions differentially upregulated in each cluster and another group of structures downregulated in the same way in every cluster.Conclusion: Subtypes previously found among 94 schizophrenic patients were replicated in a sample of 390 non‐schizophrenic as well as schizophrenic psychotics, and displayed common neurobiological abnormalities. Collaborative longitudinal studies using these economical methods might improve differential understanding and treatment of patients based upon these features rather than clinical symptoms.
Chronic periodontitis and pre‐term labour in Brazilian pregnant women: an association to be analysed
Authors: Santos‐Pereira Silvio A. , Giraldo Paulo C. , Saba‐Chujfi Eduardo , Amaral Rose L. G. , Morais Sirlei S. , Fachini Ana Maria , Gonçalves Ana Katherine S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAim: To investigate the association between chronic periodontitis (CP) and pre‐maturity in a group of Brazilian pregnant women from the State of São Paulo.Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty‐four women were investigated consecutively in a cross‐sectional study, between December 2003 and May 2005. Sixty‐eight women had pre‐term labour (PTL) and 56 had term labour. A periodontal examination was carried out to identify the presence of CP. Statistical analysis used the Fisher's exact test or χ2 for the discrete variables and the Mann–Whitney test for the non‐parametric variables. Odds ratio (OR) was calculated with a 95% confidence interval (CI), to evaluate the relation between CP and pre‐maturity.Results: Periodontal indicators, such as clinical attachment loss (p<0.0001) and bleeding on probing (p=0.012), were observed more in the PTL group. The presence of CP increased the risk for PTL (OR: 4.7, 95% CI: 1.9–11.9), pre‐term birth (PTB; OR: 4.9, 95% CI: 1.9–12.8) and low birth weight (<2500 g; OR: 4.2, 95% CI: 1.3–13.3). The pregnant women with PTL presented low levels of schooling (p=0.029) and the lowest number of pre‐natal appointments (p=0.0001) when compared with those with term labour.Conclusion: CP is strongly associated with PTL, PTB and low birth weight in a group of Brazilian pregnant women. These data point to the necessity of regularly investigating CP during pregnancy.
Clinical changes following four different periodontal therapies for the treatment of chronic periodontitis: 1‐year results
Authors: Haffajee Anne D. , Torresyap G. , Socransky Sigmund S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective: To compare clinical changes occurring in chronic periodontitis subjects receiving SRP alone or with systemically administered azithromycin, metronidazole or a sub‐antimicrobial dose of doxycycline.Material and Methods: 92 chronic periodontitis subjects were randomly assigned to receive SRP alone (N=23) or combined with 500 mg azithromycin per day for 3 days (N=25), 250 mg metronidazole tid for 14 days (N=24) or 20 mg doxycycline bid for 3 months (N=20). Gingival redness, bleeding on probing, suppuration, pocket depth and attachment level were measured at baseline and 3, 6 and 12 months post therapy. The significance of changes in clinical parameters within groups over time was sought using the Friedman test and among groups using ANCOVA or the Kruskal Wallis test.Results: All groups showed clinical improvements at 12 months, with subjects receiving adjunctive agents showing a somewhat better response. Sites with initial pocket depth >6 mm showed significantly greater pocket depth reduction and greater attachment gain in subjects receiving metronidazole or azithromycin than subjects in the other groups. Some subjects showed attachment loss at 12 months in each group ranging from 15% to 39% of subjects in the SDD and SRP only groups respectively.Conclusion: This study, demonstrated that periodontal therapy provides clinical benefits and that antibiotics provide a clinical benefit over SRP alone, particularly at initially deeper periodontal pockets.
Nature of cell kinetics in psoriatic epidermis
Authors: Doger Furuzan K. , Dikicioglu Emel , Ergin Filiz , Unal Emel , Sendur Neslihan , Uslu Meltem 
Published: February 2007

Background: Psoriasis vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory dermatosis. Disorders in keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation, inflammation and immune dysregulation are the major factors implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris.Methods: The study was performed in skin specimens of 25 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and a control group of 10 individuals without a skin disease. Biopsy specimens from lesional and normal skin were analyzed by immunohistochemical method for expressions of Ki‐67, Bcl‐2, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP‐biotin nick‐end labeling (TUNEL), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB). In addition, densities of mast cell infiltration were also investigated.Results: Ki‐67 and TUNEL indexes and TNF‐α and NF‐κB expressions were significantly higher in psoriatic epidermis than in normal epidermis (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference at Bcl‐2 reactivity between the normal and the psoriatic epidermis (p > 0.05); however, Bcl‐2 staining intensity of lymphocytes was higher in psoriatic lesions than in normal dermis (p < 0.05). Additionally, the number of mast cells was significantly higher in psoriatic dermis than in normal skin (p < 0.05).Conclusions: There were several complex factors involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. We conclude that cellular damage and apoptosis temporarily coincide with epidermal proliferation during the course of psoriatic hyperplasia.
Using fluvial geomorphology to inform integrated river basin management
Authors: Eyquem Joanna 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecent years have seen a trend towards larger scale, multidisciplinary approaches to river management. This reflects changes in policy and legislation, particularly the drive towards integrated river basin management as required by the EC Water Framework Directive. Fluvial geomorphology is a discipline that links the physical function of the river to its ecological status, and thus has a fundamental role to play in future river basin management. This is becoming more widely recognised at a project level, as well as nationally and internationally. This paper will demonstrate, using the case study of the Axe Catchment Fluvial Audit, how fluvial geomorphology can be successfully applied to inform river basin management. The outputs from the project are described together with some of the key limitations and lessons learned.
Floodplain nutrient and sediment dynamics on the Kent Stour
Authors: Cook H. F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFloodplain land use is currently of concern. Agri‐environmental policy favours grass over arable agriculture, while urban development is deemed unsuitable. The role of meadowland requires evaluation because it exhibits a potential to deliver environmental goods beyond flood detention and habitat creation; it has the potential to take up particular elements and trap sediment. This is particularly important where there is eutrophication of water from agriculture and wastewater and also physical degradation of the channel and floodplain. In this study, carbon (C), nitrogen and phosphorus (P) status and sediment deposition at typical locations on a southern English floodplain were investigated. It is concluded that C sequestration could be significant and there is sediment trapping during times of flood but further P accumulation in the topsoil of grazing land is limited. It is concluded that nutrient loading of the river from sewage effluent and from agriculture is best prevented at source.
Using linked process models to improve urban groundwater management: an example from Doncaster England
Authors: Morris B. , Rueedi J. , Cronin A. A. , Diaper C. , DeSilva D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLinked water process models that simulate the complexities of urban water systems for towns overlying productive aquifers can help improve and better integrate urban water resource management. The Assessing and Improving the Sustainability of Urban Water Resources and Systems (AISUWRS) project has successfully linked together water scheduling, pipe leakage and groundwater flow models and applied these models to case studies in Europe and Australia. This paper describes the application and results of the modelling tools for a case study suburb in Doncaster England. The linking of process models offers the prospect of better quantification of flows and contaminant loads, and diverse scenarios were readily simulated once the base case had been set‐up. The linked models produced higher estimates of recharge than previous estimates, and this may suggest that suburban catchments are an underutilised resource. At a time when increasing urbanisation and rising water use is predicted for groundwater‐dependent southern England, there is a need for such tools to make the most of increasingly urbanised aquifers.
The Natural Philosophy of Agency
Authors: Gallagher Shaun 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA review of several theories and brain‐imaging experiments shows that there is no consensus about how to define the sense of agency. In some cases the sense of agency is construed in terms of bodily movement or motor control, in others it is linked to the intentional aspect of action. For some theorists it is the product of higher‐order cognitive processes, for others it is a feature of first‐order phenomenal experience. In this article I propose a multiple aspects account of the sense of agency.
Investigation of Effect of Phase Transformations on Mechanical Behavior of AISI 1010 Steel in Laser Forming
Authors: Fan Yajun , Yang Zhishang , Cheng Peng , Egland Keith , Yao Lawrence 
Published: February 2007

Abstract
In laser forming, phase transformations in the heat affected zone take place under steep cooling rates and temperature gradients, and have a significant affect on the laser forming process and final mechanical properties of products. In this work, phase transformations during laser forming of AISI 1010 steel are experimentally and numerically investigated and the transient volume fraction of each available phase is calculated by coupling the thermal history from finite element analysis with a phase transformation kinetic model. Consequently, the flow stresses of material are obtained from the constitutive relationship of the phases, and the laser forming process is modeled considering the effect of work hardening, recrystallization and phase transformation. A series of carefully controlled experiments are also conducted to validate the theoretically predicted results.
Modeling and Optimization of Caliber Rolling Process
Authors: Hsiang Su-Hai , Lin Sheng-Li 
Published: February 2007

Abstract
In practice of caliber rolling, it is highly desirable to obtain optimal processing parameters to achieve the best quality in a short time. A sophisticated and faster simulation model of caliber rolling is proposed, and then a global optimal searching method—simulated annealing algorithm (SA)—is applied to find the optimal processing parameters of caliber rolling. The simulation model of caliber rolling in this paper was established by the back-propagation neural network (BPNN) model, which replaces the complex numerical analytical model, proposed in an earlier paper. This replacement improved the speed of simulation significantly.
Whirling Vibrations in Boring Trepanning Association Deep Hole Boring Process: Analytical and Experimental Investigations
Authors: Al-Wedyan Hussien M. , Bhat Rama B. , Demirli Kudret 
Published: February 2007

Abstract
An approach to study the whirling motion of the BTA (boring trepanning association) deep hole boring system is presented by introducing the system excitation in the form of internal forces between the boring bar and the workpiece. This involves nonhomogeneous boundary conditions with homogeneous equations. The mathematical approach with the boring bar-workpiece internal cutting forces and external suppression forces will transform the problem into nonhomogeneous equations with homogenous boundary conditions. Using this approach the whirling motion of the boring bar is obtained at different points on the boring bar-workpiece assembly. External suppression forces will reduce the whirl amplitude at the same locations. Further, an experimental investigation is carried out on the BTA deep hole boring process while drilling at four cutting speeds using proximity pickups for displacement measurements.
Online Inspection for Glass Fiber Forming
Authors: Lin Paul P. , Guo Qing , Li Xiaolong 
Published: February 2007

Abstract
Glass fiber forming is a complicated process in which many factors could affect the quality of fibers. The forming machine has many fiber-forming tubes that are close to each other and arranged in several layers. The closeness results in inadequate lighting and unwanted video signals. An anti-causal zero-phase filter was employed to remove noise with insignificant pixel location shift or distortion. In addition to the noise, the unwanted video signals constantly moving from one place to another also presented a challenge in image analysis. These signals were identified by a trained neural network that classified patterns. The unwanted signal identification through instant pattern classification made online inspection possible. During the fiber drawing process, the diameters of glass forming tubes and the profiles of glass melting cones were closely monitored and measured online in order to control the final fiber diameter. The accurate diameter measurements were accomplished by the noise removal along with a subpixel-resolution based edge detection technique. The results thus obtained for noise removal and unwanted video signals identification were quite good. The fiber diameter measurements were performed online, and the entire inspection process was automated with the aid of a programmable logic controller.
Drying of Dielectric Materials Using a Continuous Microwave Belt Drier (Case Study: Ceramics and Natural Rubber)
Authors: Rattanadecho P. , Suwannapum N. , Watanasungsuit A. , Duanduen A. 
Published: February 2007

Abstract
In this study, the drying of dielectric materials by a continuous microwave belt drier has been investigated experimentally. Most importantly, it focuses on the investigation of drying phenomena under microwave environment. In this analysis, the effect of the irradiation time, sample sizes, and microwave power level (number of magnetrons (800W∕1 magnetron)) on overall drying kinetics and mechanical properties are studied. The dielectric materials studied are classified into two types including ceramics (microwave demolding of tableware product) and natural rubber. The results showed that using the continuous microwave applicators technique has several advantages over the conventional method such as shorter processing times, volumetric dissipation of energy throughout a product, and high energy efficiency compared with other process, and it offers improvements in product quality. The results presented here provide a basis for fundamental understanding of microwave-heating of various kinds of dieletric materials. Further quantitative validation of experimental data could be very useful, especially in providing information for processing high performance microwave drying for developing the ceramics and rubber industries in Thailand.
Surface Roughness and Material Removal Rate in Machining Using Microorganisms
Authors: Johnson Daniel , Warner Roscoe , Shih Albert J. 
Published: February 2007

Abstract
The use of bacteria as a tool for machining, also known as biomachining, is a novel material removal process. This study characterizes the surface changes and relates the material removal rate to quantified bacterial concentrations resulting from machining of pure polycrystalline Cu using the bacterium Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. Cu blocks, polished to four levels of surface roughness, were utilized to examine the surface effects of bacterial machining. The mass change in Cu foil was measured to find the material removal rate. The most probable number method, a statistical enumeration technique, was applied to estimate bacterial concentrations. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs demonstrate that bacterial machining is anisotropic, and roughness measurements of the polycrystalline Cu samples showed a deterioration of Ra values of 1.5-2.5μm. Finally, suggestions for future work are presented that could potentially ameliorate current process problems.